bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring Village Funds Management on The Perspective Capacity Village Apparatus’s of Bengkulu Province in 2018-2019
Authors: Darmi Titi , Mujtahid Iqbal Miftakhul
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to determine the extent to which the village apparatus’s capacity can manage village funds. This study used qualitative and quantitative approaches, namely frequency percentage statistics. Results of distribution utilized the total score of the answers. Data sources included primary and secondary data. Data sources included primary and secondary data. The object of research is 30 (thirty) villages, 2 respondents from each village are taken.  Findings demonstrate that the village apparatus’s capacity in managing village funds is generally assessed from their basic Capability, management capability, and technical Capability, which fall into the ‘fair’ category. It indicates that the village apparatus needs to increase its capacity so that village funds can be managed optimally. The solutions include increasing the HR-village apparatus’s capacity through computer training, technical guidance, seminars, and socialization of related regulations. Besides, facilitation and mentoring are the best ways that the village apparatus needs to increase their capacity, considering that stakeholders are demanding a change in the paradigm of implementation in village governance and the era of disruption to balance and harmonize with current and future conditions.
The Policy of Honoris Causa Doctorate in Indonesian Higher Education (2000-2020)
Authors: Mudzakkir Moh , Bustami Mohammad Reevany , Ikomatussuniah Ikomatussuniah , Maler Wani
Published: October 2021

Abstract: This article examines the conferring of honorary doctorates in Indonesian universities, which has increased significantly in the last twenty years, 2000-2020. This research applies the document analysis method; data obtained from public documents from government, universities, magazines, and newspapers. Normatively, the university conferred the Doctor Honoris Causa to individuals with outstanding service or work and contributed to science, technology, culture, humanity, and society. The study reveals that the Indonesian authorities have issued three amended regulations regarding honorary doctorates between 2000-2020. This policy provides increased flexibility to universities in determining the awarding of honorary degrees compared to previous regulations. This research has uncovered an evolutionary trajectory of shifting away from awarding the honorary doctorates to the academic community towards non-academic and even political circles and public officials. Such a policy or practice invites criticisms that this signifies an exchange of interests between campus leaders and the power establishment in Indonesia. The analysis of this research reveals that with the decentralization of power during the post-reformation era, there is a transformation of institutional logic of higher education from recognizing knowledge advancement and scientific contributions of members of intelligentsia towards empowering the legitimacy of ruling establishments, especially among politicians and powerful public officials.
Analisis Uji Kemampuan Komposit Berbahan Dasar Limbah Dalam Fungsi Penyerapan Suara
Authors: Hidayah Nur Yulianti , Rimantho Dino , Sundari Anggina Sandy , Herzanita Ayu
Published: October 2021

Peningkatan permasalahan lingkungan baik berupa masalah kebisingan maupun limbah padat organik dan anorganik memunculkan berbagai upaya untuk menanganinya. Di sisi lain terjadi peningkatan penggunaan komposit di segala bidang merupakan rekayasa bahan yang banyak dilakukan peneliti untuk mendapatkan bahan alternatif yang baru. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah kemampuan papan komposit akustik berbahan dasar limbah organik dan anorganik memiliki kemampuan menyerap suara yang sama baik ditinjau dari parameter ketebalan. Pengujian dilakukan dengan mengukur tingkat kebisingan suara pada chamber sebelum dan setelah dipasang papan komposit. Nilai Loss diperoleh dengan mengurangkan tingkat suara yang masuk ke chamber sebelum media akustik dipasang dan suara yang diterima/dipantulkan setelah dipasang media akustik (papan komposit). Dari hasil pengujian diperoleh nilai koefisien penyerapan bunyi di semua variasi ketebalan spesimen komposit menghasilkan nilai yang baik pada frekuensi 125 Hz dan 500 Hz.
Knowledge, perception and willingness to receive the current COVID-19 vaccine among residents of Awka metropolis, Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Obi-Ezeani Chikaodili N. , Ilechukwu Obianuju U. , Onuora Ifeoma J. , Umeaba Georgina N. , Onuike Amuche L. , Onyegbule Onyema A. , Muoneke Nkolika M. , Nwagbara Ijeoma J. , Nnoruka Obiageli E. , Odo Malachi O.
Published: October 2021

Background: Vaccines can effectively reduce most morbidities and mortalities caused by infectious agents. The emergence of the COVID-19 vaccine may be accompanied with huge success in containing the pandemic. The aim of the study was to assesses knowledge, perception and willingness to receive the current COVID-19 vaccine among residents in Awka metropolis, Anambra State, Nigeria.Methods: Using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire, this study was conducted in Awka metropolis Anambra State, Nigeria among 393 respondents (aged 18 years and above), and analyzed to assess their knowledge, perception and willingness to receive the current COVID-19 vaccine. Statistical package for social sciences software (SPSS) version 23.0 was used, descriptive statistics were reported in frequencies and percentages, Chi-square test was used to assess the association between socio-demographic characteristics and willingness to receive the vaccine, and level of significance was set at p<0.05.Results: The results showed that all respondents (100%) have good knowledge of the vaccine availability. Only 25.7% were willing to receive the vaccine, although 57.3% were willing to receive any other vaccine apart from the COVID-19 vaccine. Very few respondents (18.3%) thinks the vaccine is accessible to all. Most of the respondents (72%) did not support mandatory implementation of COVID-19 vaccine in Nigeria. Among the socio-demographic characteristics, only occupation was significantly associated with willingness to receive the vaccine (p=0.010, χ2=20.214).  Conclusions: This study highlighted the need to effectively educate the masses through appropriate public health literacy programs and enlightenment campaigns on the role of the vaccine in curbing this pandemic.
Spectrum of different pathologies in cytology coming to a tertiary care centre: an experience over one-year duration
Authors: Nazish Shaoor , Kumar Alok , Banerjee Bejoy Chandra
Published: October 2021

Background: The aim of the study was to study the pattern of pathologies identified on Fine needle aspiration (FNA) in a tertiary hospital in Dhanbad, Jharkhand during the period July 2020 to July 2021, as well as to identify the profile of patients undergoing the procedure at our hospital.Methods: The data pertaining to the details of the patients who underwent FNA evaluation from the period July 2020 to July 2021 at a tertiary hospital located in Dhanbad, Jharkhand, was analysed to determine the age and sex distribution of the patients and the distribution of pathologies diagnosed on FNA.Results: The female gender was predominant (54%; 64 out of 118 patients) among the patients who underwent FNAC. A majority of the patients were in the age group of 20 to 50 years. Lymph node aspiration (reactive and granulomatous lymphadenitis) was predominant in our series (40%; 47 cases out of 118 FNA evaluations). Lipoma was the third most common diagnosis (12.7%; 15 out of 118 FNA evaluations).Conclusions: FNA evaluation is a quick, easy, relatively non-traumatic, and, in expert hands, a reliable method of diagnosing the pathology. Reactive lymph node hyperplasia granulomatous lymphadenitis and lipoma were three most common cases in our series.
Incidence of neutropenic fever and sepsis in patients receiving induction chemotherapy in acute leukemia
Authors: Sebastian Prasoon , Kuruvadangal Abdul Majeed , Babu Hitha
Published: October 2021

Background: Acute leukemias are treated with intensive chemotherapy protocols which are associated with increased risk of infections. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of febrile neutropenia and sepsis in acute leukemia patients during induction chemotherapy.Methods: In this prospective study we analysed the data of febrile neutropenia of forty-four patients of acute leukemia treated with intensive chemotherapy protocols. Study was conducted in hemato-oncology unit of Government Medical College, Kozhikode from January 2018 to December 2018. Events of the first month of induction were assessed, data entered in Microsoft excel and analysed with SPSS software.Results: Febrile neutropenia developed in all patients with AML induction therapy and 21.4% patients with ALL induction therapy. Causative organism was identified in 41.6% of febrile neutropenia episodes. Major focus of infection was lower respiratory tract followed by gastrointestinal tract. Fungal infection was identified in 6.8% cases. Mortality in AML induction was 31% and that of ALL induction was 3.57%. Infection was the most common cause of mortality. No clinical or laboratory parameters were found significant to predict outcome during induction chemotherapy in acute leukemia.Conclusions: Neutropenic fever and sepsis are the major cause of mortality in acute leukemia during induction chemotherapy. Early initiation of appropriate antibiotics will help to improve outcome in the treatment of leukemia.
Comparison of dosimetry in head and neck cancer patients treated with intensity modulated radiation therapy and helical tomotherapy
Authors: B. R. Yashaswini , Swamy Kumara
Published: October 2021

Background: This study was conducted to compare dosimetric parameters and dose to specific organs at risk (spinal cord and parotids) between intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and helical tomotherapy (HT) in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC).Methods: Thirty patients with histologically proven HNSCC were treated with chemo radiotherapy, to a dose of 60-70 Gray in 30-35 fractions. This study consists of two arms; IMRT arm and tomotherapy arm. Fifteen consecutive patients treated under IMRT and 15 patients were treated under helical tomotherapy, along with concurrent chemotherapy. PTV1 encompasses low risk planning target volume (PTV) which receives 50 Gy; PTV2 encompasses intermediate risk PTV which receives 54-60 Gy and PTV3 encompasses high risk PTV which receives 66-70 Gy. After completion of planning, dose to the organs at risk (OARs) and targets, homogeneity index and conformity index were evaluated, and tabulated.Results: On evaluation of plans we found that V95% in PTV1, PTV2 and PTV3 were 91.82%, 96.85% and 90.67% respectively for IMRT and 99.25%, 99.68% and 99.73% respectively for tomotherapy. For PTV3, V110% was 0.11% for IMRT and 0.01% for tomotherapy. Homogeneity index in IMRT arm was 0.285 and it was 0.206 in tomotherapy arm. Conformity index was found to be 1.04 for IMRT plans and 1.06 for tomotherapy plans. When mean dose to contra lateral parotids was evaluated, it was 26.91 Gy in IMRT arm and 25.97 Gy in tomotherapy arm. Max dose to spinal cord was better in tomotherapy (43.07 Gy in IMRT and 34.41 Gy in tomotherapy).Conclusions: There was statistically significant reduction in spinal cord maximum dose and point doses in tomotherapy plans compared to IMRT plans. The decrease in spinal cord dose can increase the tolerance reserve which can be useful in dose escalation or re-irradiation if required. There was also decrease in contra lateral parotid doses (not statistically significant). There was significant improvement in V95% in tomotherapy arm compared to IMRT arm, indicating the significantly superior coverage of target volumes in helical tomotherapy plans compared to IMRT plans. V110% (hot spots) inside the target was very minimal in tomotherapy arm compared to IMRT arm. Conformity index, homogeneity index between two arms were comparable.
The role of vascular endothelial growth factor in predicting the tumor dynamics of meningiomas
Authors: Butta Shristi , Pal Mallika , Ghosh Suman , Gupta Manoj Kumar
Published: October 2021

Background: Meningiomas are the most common tumors of the central nervous system with variable tumor dynamics. Histopathology is the gold standard but has its own constraints in predicting the tumor behavior. As intra- tumoral hypoxia leads to neo angio angiogenesis and subsequent tumor growth we envisage to establish the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in predicting the tumor dynamics of meningiomas.Methods: This observational, descriptive, longitudinal follow up study included 38 patients and spanned over a period of 2 years. Surgical samples were grossed and histo-pathologically analyzed and subsequently immune-histochemically categorized. Cases showing VEGF positivity were subjected to yearly follow up to ascertain the number of recurrent cases.Results: Majority of our cases belonged to WHO grade I (84.21%). The 73.68% were females. The 63.16% were aged >50 years. The 42.1 % of the total cases revealed moderate to strong VEGF expression. Majority of grade II and grade III meningiomas showed moderate to strong VEGF expression. However, a subgroup of grade I meningiomas also revealed a high immune-expression of VEGF (31.25%). Statistically significant association was found between VEGF expression and WHO grade (p=0.0001). On follow up 34.21% of the cases showed recurrence. Significant association was found between VEGF expression and recurrence of the tumor s (p=0.0005).Conclusions: VEGF has a role in ascertaining the high-risk grade I meningiomas that have a potential to recur as well as grade II and grade III meningiomas that show adverse patient prognosis.
Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma of liver: a rare case report
Authors: Rastogi Nupur , Rohatgi Sunidhi
Published: October 2021

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) most commonly involves lymph nodes but also affects extranodal sites like liver, spleen, pancreas less commonly. It is a low to intermediate grade malignancy. Unusual presentation, morphology or immunophenotyping makes the diagnosis of FDCS very challenging. Immunohistochemistry plays a major role in confirming the diagnosis of FDCS. A 40 year male presented with dull abdominal pain. Ultrasonography revealed two hypoechoiec lesions in liver. Cytomorphology, later histological and immunohistochemistry (IHC) diagnosis of FDCS was established. Patient was put on chemotherapy.
A prospective study on the role of centchroman in regression of fibroadenoma
Authors: Singla Navdeep Kumar , Bhatia Ruby , Verma Renu , Bhatia Suresh Kumar
Published: October 2021

Background: Fibroadenoma commonly present as painless breast lump in young girls. Nearly 10-15% regress spontaneously over the period of 6-60 months, rest are managed surgically. Centchroman (Saheli), a novel non-steroidal, selective anti-estrogen has been used for the treatment of mastalgia and its effectiveness in the treatment of fibroadenoma is being tested in the ongoing trials. Methods: A total of 60 patients between 15-35 years of age with painless lump breast of size 2 to 5 centimeters confirmed as fibroadenoma by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) were included in the study. Detailed patient's characteristics, clinical history, physical examination (for size in 2 dimensions), ultrasound findings (for size in 3 dimensions) were assessed. All participants included in the study were given tablet Centchroman (Saheli) 30 mg thrice weekly orally for 3 months. Size of Fibroadenoma was reassessed clinically for size in two dimensions and ultrasonologically for size in three dimensions at 4 weeks and 3 months of starting of therapy.Results: Out of 60 patients, 18 patients (30%) had complete response, 40 patients (66.66%) showed a decrease in the size of fibroadenoma and only 2 patients (3.33%) had no response to this therapy. None showed an increase in size.Conclusions: It may prove to be the most effective modality for the treatment of small sized fibroadenoma breast especially in unmarried girls with minimal side effects. Ultrasonology may be relied upon for follow up measurements since it is more accurate in measuring the dimensions.
A comparative study of the open versus closed method of pneumoperitoneum creation in laparoscopic surgery
Authors: Vaishnani Bhavesh V. , Kachhadiya Kapil R. , Chauhan Mohit R.
Published: October 2021

Background: The main challenge facing the laparoscopic surgery is the primary abdominal access, as it is usually a blind procedure and associated with many complications including life threading vascular and visceral injuries. Techniques for the creation of pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopy include the standard technique of insufflation after insertion of the Veress needle (closed method), open laparoscopy (Hasson technique) and many others.Methods: This is observational study conducted in the department of General surgery, PDUMC, Rajkot from September 2018 to September 2020 comprising of 100 cases, 50 cases from each methods. The patients admitted in our department for Laparoscopic surgery was taken up for the study. The Purpose of our study is to assess the practicality of both methods in creation of pneumoperitoneum and to compare both methods with regards to ease of performance and incidence of complications.Results: Average size of incision (p=-5.426) is more in open method, hence more incidence of minor complications like multiple attempts, gas leak at port site and port site bleeding in open method while less duration for creating pneumoperitoneum (p=0) as compared to closed method. While there is no major complications in either groups.Conclusions: Open technique is as good as closed technique, and is good alternative to closed technique.
Outcome of ultrasound guided reduction of intussusception in children by saline enema
Authors: Muqtadir Ansari Mohammed Abdul , Gupta Shweta Brajesh , Jadhav Sarojini Pramod
Published: October 2021

Background: Intussuception is a common cause of acute intestinal obstruction in children and contributor of morbidity and mortality in children. The purpose of this study was to evaluate efficacy of hydrostatic reduction of intussusception over operative reduction using normal saline enema in children and to identify procedure related complications.Methods: All patients presenting to us with features of intussusception clinically and confirmed by ultrasonography between June 2015 to November 2017 were included in study. Depending on haemodynamic stability of patient and surgeon’s preference, patients were subjected to trial of hydrostatic reduction by normal saline enema or operative procedure. Patients with failure or partial reduction were taken for surgery.Results: The mean age was 21.07 months with a male preponderance. Of 53 patients attending the institute, 32 were given a trial of hydrostatic reduction which was successful in 28. Thus success rate was 87.5%. 1 patient succumbed resulting in 1.4% mortality rate after the procedure. It was observed that longer duration of symptoms reduced chances of reduction. 88%patients with successful hydrostatic reduction were discharged within 4 days of admission.Conclusions: We conclude that ultrasound guided saline enema is simple ,safe and effective method of treating intussusception in children with low rate of complications and can be strongly recommended as first line of treatment of intussusception in select group of paediatric patient, especially those reporting early to the hospital.
Foreign body (copper wire) in urinary bladder and urethra: an unusual case presentation
Authors: Bansal Nipun , Mahajan Anuj , Shetty Manjunath , Adiga Prashanth , Raj Kishan , Moolya Chetna
Published: October 2021

Foreign bodies are rarely reported in the urinary bladder and urethra; though it is a topic of curiosity amongst the urologists and surgeon. In majority of the cases, the foreign body is removed via the transurethral approach. A 19-year-old young male patient was brought to our Institution with history of insertion of a wire through urethra during act of masturbation in the middle of night. Patient was having severe pain in penis along with burning micturition. Patient was taken up in emergency for retrieval of the foreign body (wire) transurethrally (cystoscopic approach). Scope was inserted through urethra and the foreign body retrieved was found to be “copper wire”.
Ethnopharmacology and Antioxidant Activity Studies of Woody Liana Original Wallacea
Authors: Hapid Abdul , Napitupulu Mery , Zubair Muhammad Sulaiman
Published: October 2021

Lore Lindu National Park is a habitat located in the middle of the Wallacea Region, consisting of various types of medicinal plants, including lianas. This area is surrounded by the Kaili Tribe, which possesses adequate ethnopharmacology knowledge and local wisdom in managing living natural resources. Studies on the medicinal plant species of lianas original Wallacea have not been conducted. Therefore, this study aims to reveal Kaili’s ethnopharmacology of woody liana plants and identify the metabolic content and antioxidant activity. This study was carried out at the Lore Lindu National Park with the purposive and snowball sampling methods used to determine the respondents. Furthermore, the Harborne and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methods were used to analyze the phytochemical content and antioxidant activities. The results showed that the Kaili people used the lianas Poikilospermum suaveolens (Blume) Merr, Arcangelisia Flava (L.) Merr, Fibrauea Tinctoria Lour, and Maclura cochinchinensis (Lour.) Corner are medicine for treating various types of chronic diseases. The plant's bark and wood are used as medicine by processing boiled/brewed hot water, or by pounded, and smeared over the wound. The phytochemical analysis results showed that alkaloids are contained in all types of lianas, while flavonoids and tannins are found only in 3 types. Meanwhile, the P. suaveolens contained saponin, A. flava bark extract has potential to be developed as an antioxidant.
The influence of weather conditions on breeding dates of the common gull (Larus canus) in the south of Western Siberia
Authors: Garyushkina M. Yu. , Yurlov A. K.
Published: October 2021

Aim. The purpose of this research was to find out what local weather factors influence the nesting timing of the common gull (Larus canus).Material and Methods. The time of egg laying by the common gull was determined using data obtained during regular surveys over 8 years (1996‐1998, 2002‐2003, 2006‐2008) on the islands of Lake Bolshie Chany. Weather and climatic factors were assessed using open‐access databases.Results. It was been established that the start of egg‐laying in the colony of the common gull is determined by wind strength, the number of rainy days, the associated atmospheric pressure during the second decade of April, and the air temperature – the transition date at which the average daily air temperature rose above 0°C. In years with unstable spring temperatures, a relationship was revealed between the air temperature and the intensity of egg laying by the common gulls by day. In years when temperatures rise evenly, precipitation and wind speed become the main factors.Conclusion. We conclude that the egg‐laying dates of the common gull is influenced by weather variables during the whole nesting season and not predominantly by early season variables. We also show the importance of large‐scale climatic phenomena such as the EAWR in explaining variability in timing of the nesting of the common gull in Siberia. We suggest that future studies should focus on the effects of extremes in weather variables and global climatic phenomena.
Tras la explosión digital: experiencia y experimentación en videojuegos de RV y RA
Authors: Molina Ahumada E. Pablo
Published: October 2021

Según Manovich, los nuevos medios son el resultado de la traducción a datos numéricos de medios anteriores. La perspectiva semiótico-cultural de Iuri Lotman y su preocupación por los procesos “explosivos” de la cultura, nos permite suponer que este proceso de digitalización tiene enorme importancia sobre la producción de sentido y de subjetivación dentro y fuera del mundo virtual. A partir de una crítica sobre las formas de experiencia y experimentación que prevén y proveen los videojuegos (Juul), nuestro trabajo aborda dos ejemplos, uno de realidad aumentada (Diggs Nightcrawler) y otro de realidad virtual (Transference), para mostrar modos de relación entre textos y jugador/a en contextos virtuales controlados. Esas relaciones son efecto de la explosión digital, a la vez que señala horizontes posibles para las ficciones interactivas con videojuegos.
Videojuegos y género: aportes para pensar la industria en Argentina
Authors: P. Gala Romina , Samaniego Flavia
Published: October 2021

El artículo aporta algunos elementos para conocer la situación de las mujeres en la industria de videojuegos de Argentina. Parte de la perspectiva tecnofeminista, la cual entiende a la tecnología como parte del tejido social, estudia las brechas digitales de género, y las conexiones entre las desigualdades de género y otras formas de desigualdad. Recorre dos ejes: a) observa la producción y consumo de videojuegos, y analiza la participación femenina en organizaciones del sector; b) indaga en las percepciones que las mujeres integrantes del sector tienen sobre sí mismas y sobre el/los rol/es que las mujeres y hombres ejercen en esta industria. Se propone un abordaje cuantitativo y cualitativo.
Effects of direct-fed lactic acid bacteria on weight gain and ruminal ph of two South African sheep breeds
Authors:   Agricultural Research Council-Animal Production Institute, Aiyegoro Ayobami Olayinka , Mani Sinalo , Adeleke Matthew Adekunle ,   University of KwaZulu-Natal
Published: October 2021

A ruminant’s digestion depends on microbial degradation of feed rather than endogenous enzyme degradation as in most monogastric animals. The study was conducted to assess the effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) strains administered as direct-fed microbials on weight gain and ruminal pH of Damara and Meatmaster sheep breeds. Sixty-four Damara and Meatmaster sheep breeds [Damara males (36.6 ± 8.3 kg); Damara females (28.9 ± 6.9 kg); Meatmaster males (24.6 ± 3.4 kg); Meat master females (21.5 ± 3.1 kg)] were subjected to a 30-day trial and divided into five treatment groups as follows: pellets with no antibiotic and no probiotics administered (T1); pellets with no antibiotics, only Lactobacillus rhamnosus SCH administered (T2); pellets with no antibiotics, only Lactobacillus rhamnosus AF3G administered (T3); pellets with no antibiotics, with the combination of Lactobacillus rhamnosus SCH and Lactobacillus rhamnosus AF3G, administered (T4); pellets fortified with antibiotic and no probiotic administered (T5). The animals were fed on commercial pellets fortified with or without antibiotics. Animals were each weighed, and rumen fluids were collected using a stomach tube, and pH was read immediately, before and at the end of the trials. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance using SPSS version 4.0. The results showed that the effect of treatment, sex and some of their interactive effects were significant (p <0.001) on the body weight of sheep irrespective of breed. The effect of treatments revealed that the animals in the combination of probiotics gained more weight than those in other groups. Damara breed had a heavier body weight than Meatmaster while males were 6 kg heavier relative to females (p <0.001). Only breed was significant (p <0.05) on weight gained. Treatment (p <0.05), breed (p <0.001) and their interactive effect (p <0.05) were significant on ruminal pH. The highest pH value was 7.27 for the T5 group and 7.37 for the Damara breed. Results suggest that LAB may have beneficial effects on the growth performances of sheep and therefore may be suitable as future growth promoters in sheep production, as they don't have any harmful residues compared to antibiotics.
Transnarodowa przestępczość zorganizowana na Bałkanach
Authors: Bąk Tomasz
Published: October 2021

Początek XXI w., a z nim globalizacja, która stała się symbolem współczesności, przyniósł wiele zmian, również dotyczących wzajemnych zależności państw. Bardzo dużego znaczenia nabierają transgraniczne, wręcz transnarodowe, powiązania, które dotyczą także kwestii patologicznych, takich jak np. przestępczość zorganizowana, która jako zjawisko kryminalne, przeniosła się ze środowiska lokalnego do międzynarodowego. Czynnikami wpływającymi na jej rozwój są m.in. skomplikowana sytuacja demograficzna, gospodarcza czy wysoki poziom bezrobocia. Autor w oparciu o powyższe informacje omawia w swoim artykule transnarodową przestępczość zorganizowaną na Bałkanach.
Albańska lekcja transformacji ekonomicznej. Społeczno-ekonomiczne tło i konsekwencje „rewolucji piramidowej” 1997 r.
Authors: Czekalski Tadeusz
Published: October 2021

Przedmiotem zainteresowania Autora są wydarzenia, rozgrywające się wiosną 1997 r., które stanowią we współczesnej historii Albanii kluczową cezurę, jako data graniczna całego procesu albańskiej transformacji, uwzględniającą jego społeczne i ekonomiczne aspekty. Choć pozornie mechanizm wydarzeń, określanych mianem „rewolucji piramidowej”, odbiega od przemian dokonujących się w postkomunistycznych państwach bałkańskich, stanowi on przykład erupcji postaw anty-transformacyjnych, charakterystycznych dla ostatniej dekady XX stulecia.
Bezpieczeństwo energetyczne bałkańskich państw (na przykładzie Republiki Chorwacji oraz Republiki Serbii)
Authors: Hebda Wiktor
Published: October 2021

Bezpieczeństwo energetyczne od wielu dekad stanowi kluczowy element bezpieczeństwa w ogóle. Autora artykułu interesuje zwłaszcza region Bałkanów i to na jego przykładzie, a konkretniej na przykładnie Republiki Chorwacji i Republiki Serbii, omówił sposoby radzenia z tym problemem. Zarówno Republika Chorwacji, jak i Republika Serbii w oparciu o posiadane energetyczne źródła wykreowały odpowiednie plany wykorzystania wspomnianych surowców. Pomimo wspólnego politycznego rodowodu i bliskości geograficznej, państwa te cechuje znaczna różnica struktury pozyskiwania energii, posiadanych pokładów paliw kopalnych, czy też potencjału tzw. zielonej energii. Z tego względu chorwacka oraz serbska strategie energetyczne wyróżniają się odmienną koncepcją postrzegania bezpieczeństwa energetycznego.
Operacja „Oluja” i spory wokół jej interpretacji
Authors: Korzeniewska-Wiszniewska Mirella
Published: October 2021

Autorka analizuje wojskową operację „Oluja” („Burza”) przeprowadzoną w sierpniu 1995 r. na obszarze dzisiejszej Republiki Chorwacji. Została ona zorganizowana przez siły zbrojne młodego państwa chorwackiego. Miała na celu przejęcie kontroli administracyjnej (i faktycznej), przy użyciu wojska, nad obszarem zamieszkanym przez Serbów, funkcjonującym od 1991 r. pod nazwą Republika Serbska Krajina (RSK).
Minority Discontent as an Internal Destabilization Factor: The Issue of Territorial Minorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Savić-Bojanić Maja
Published: October 2021

This paper comprehensively investigates the current impact of the Dayton imbedded concept of ethnicity which strengthens ethnic belonging and overemphasizes the concept of territorial or constituent minorities in BiH. It argues that statistical differences in the number of constituent peoples across the country significantly contribute to state’s shattered internal stability, overstressing and strengthening the pre-existing nationalistic discourses and creating space for new, but pre-war inspired rhetoric. The analysis is presented through an investigation of the impacts that this issue has on two separate domains of the socio-political life in BiH – the power-sharing and the citizens’ realms.
Kosowo – od interwencji militarnej do deklaracji niepodległości
Authors: Pawłowski Konrad
Published: October 2021

Autor w swoim artykule stara się prześledzić proces, który w bezpośredni sposób doprowadził do ogłoszenia niepodległości przez Kosowo, będące wcześniej południową prowincją Serbii.
Uwagi o formach kontrargumentacji
Authors: Indrzejczak Andrzej , Promińska Beata
Published: October 2021

The paper provides an elementary introduction to the problems of counterarguments. The ways of possible critical reaction are divided according to four objects of attack: the proponent, strength of argument, premises, conclusion. The most important strategies of attack are discussed and evaluated according to their logical strength.
Effects of Imidacloprid on Histology and mRNA Levels of HSP70 and CYP1A Gene to a Standard Non-targeted Test Animal, Cyprinus carpio
Authors: Pokhrel Hemanta , Sarmah Raktim , Bhagabati Sarada Kanta , Dutta Rajdeep , Ahmed Abdul Malik , Nath Dipanka , Mudoi Lawonu , Ingtipi Lucy , Patowary Arnab Narayan , Kalita Binod
Published: October 2021

Background: Imidacloprid (IMI) belongs to the class of neuro active insecticides, used to control pest and insects in agricultural crops. Reports suggest that IMI has highly toxic consequences on bees, humans and non-targeted aquatic animals. Hence the present study aims to investigate the toxicity effects of commercial-grade Imidacloprid (IMI) (Premise, 30.5%, a.i) using histological and transcriptional changes in heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and cytochrome P4501A(CYP1A) genes in liver and gills of non-targeted aquatic animal, Cyprinus carpio. Methods: Three different sublethal concentrations of IMI (T1=26.04 mg/L, T2= 20.38 mg/L, T3=17.36 mg/L) were selected and common carp fingerlings were exposed for 28 days where histological alterations and expression study of HSP70 and CYP1A in gills and liver of exposed fishes being studied on 7, 14, 21 and 28 days interval using standard procedure. Result: Marked histological alteration like hydropic degeneration and cellular infiltration in liver; telangiectasis in secondary lamellae, epithelial lifting and oedema in gills were recorded. Moreover, significant upregulation of HSP70 and CYP1A gene in the gills and liver in a dose and time dependent manner was observed (P less than 0.05). As a result of the current investigation, it is obvious that IMI could be a possible toxicant that affects fish at the tissue and gene level in dosage and time dependent ways, potentially influencing other physiological processes in the long term.
Reducing Length of Stay and Hospital Readmission for Orthopedic Patients: A Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Kamau Emma Betty , Foronda Cynthia , Hernandez Victor Hugo , Walters Brian Anthony
Published: October 2021

Background

Transitioning patients from the hospital to home after a total hip or knee arthroplasty is challenging. Severe pain, comorbidities and complex medication regimes have the potential to delay readiness for discharge, increase length of stay (LOS), and cause readmissions.

Objective

The goal of this practice improvement project was to improve patient readiness for discharge after total joint arthroplasty to reduce LOS, prevent emergency department (ED) visits, and prevent hospital readmissions.

Methods

This quality improvement project was guided by the Iowa Model and implemented a prepost program implementation evaluation design. Nurses incorporated the Registered Nurse Assessment of Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale (RN-RHDS) to guide and evaluate discharge education efforts.

Results

The focused education cohort demonstrated significantly decreased LOS and decreased readmissions compared to the cohort receiving standard education efforts. ED visits were not significantly different amongst cohorts.

Conclusion

This practice improvement project demonstrates successful translation of research into practice.

Implications for Nursing

The use of focused education and the RN-RHDS tool is recommended for nursing to improve patient readiness for discharge and patient outcomes.
Recognising Recognition in Climate Justice
Authors: Benjaminsen Tor A. , Svarstad Hanne , Shaw of Tordarroch Iselin
Published: October 2021

We argue that in order to achieve climate justice, recognition needs to be given more attention in climate research, discourse, and policies. Through the analysis of three examples, we identify formal and discursive recognition as central types of recognition in climate issues, and we show how powerful actors exercise their power in ways that cause climate injustice through formal and discursive misrecognition of poor and vulnerable groups. The three examples discussed are climate mitigation through forest conservation (REDD), the Great Green Wall project in Sahel, and the narrative about climate change as a contributing factor to the Syrian war.
Livestock and Climate Justice: Challenging Mainstream Policy Narratives
Authors: García-Dory Fernando , Houzer Ella , Scoones Ian
Published: October 2021

In discussions around food systems and the climate, livestock is often painted as the villain. While some livestock production in some places contributes significantly to climate change, this is not universally the case. This article focuses on pastoral production systems – extensive, often mobile systems using marginal rangelands across around half of the world’s surface, involving many millions of people. By examining the assumptions behind standard calculations of greenhouse gas emissions, a systematic bias against pastoralism is revealed. Many policy and campaign stances fail to discriminate between different material conditions of production, lumping all livestock systems together. Injustices arise through the framing of debates and policy knowledge; through procedures that exclude certain people and perspectives; and through the distributional consequences of policies. In all cases, extensive livestock keepers lose out. In reflecting on the implications for European pastoralism, an alternative approach is explored where pastoralists’ knowledge, practices and organisations take centre‑stage.
Effect of driving resistances on energy demand and exhaust emission in motor vehicles
Authors: Jaworski Artur , Lejda Kazimierz , Bilski Maciej
Published: October 2021

Among the fundamental factors affecting the emissions of internal combustion engines is the resistance to motion acting on the car. This is an important factor to be taken into account when testing cars in conditions simulated on a chassis dynamometer. The dependence of the driving resistance function on vehicle speed is determined on the basis of various methods, the most frequently used of which is the so-called alternative method specified in procedures for the type approval of motor vehicles with respect to the emission of pollutants in exhaust gases. The values adopted in accordance with the alternative method differ from the actual resistance acting on the car in road conditions. This is one of the reasons why the emission of pollutants and the fuel consumption of an engine in real road conditions differs from the values given by the car manufacturer, including the emission limits specified in the standards. This paper presents an evaluation of the influence of driving resistance on the energy demand and emission of pollutants in the exhaust gases by sample passenger car with SI engine fuelled by petrol and LPG.
Can I trust my ears in VR? Head-related transfer functions and valuation methods with descriptive attributes in virtual reality
Authors: Jenny Claudia , Reuter Christoph
Published: October 2021

In this article, we present the current state of the art in binaural audio with the focus on head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) and valuation methods of virtual acoustics with descriptive attributes. This combination provides a methodology, which delivers the basis for research studies in virtual reality (VR) on individual and non-individual head-related transfer functions. Based on the largely explored localization perception of static audio signals, this review offers an overview of the directional hearing during head and sound source movement and multimodality in audiovisual virtual environments. Perceptual quality characteristics provide evaluation methods from which future HRTF VR experiments and virtual environments studies on binaural acoustics could benefit.
Application Research of Network Learning Algorithm Based on Neural Network Disturbance Compensation in Satellite Attitude Control
Authors: Leo John F , Dogra Deeksha
Published: October 2021

Based on the satellite attitude control method, this paper proposes an attitude control method based on neural network disturbance compensation. The paper firstly analyzes the neural network algorithm and proposes an orthogonal least squares algorithm to implement network learning. In this paper, a set of high-precision directional neural network compensation controllers is designed for the attitude control of acupuncture small satellites. The feasibility of the improved orthogonal least-squared algorithm combined with the neural network supplementary control method in satellite attitude control is verified by experiments.
Single Excited Dual Band Luminescent Hybrid Carbon Dots-terbium Chelate Nanothermometer
Authors: Zairov Rustem , Dovzhenko Alexey , Sarkanich Kirill , Nizameev Irek , Luzhetskiy Andrey , Sudakova Svetlana , Podyachev Sergey N. , Burilov Vladimir , Vatsouro Ivan , Vomiero Alberto , Mustafina Asiya R.
Published: October 2021

The report introduces hybrid polyelectrolyte-stabilized colloids combining blue and green emitting building blocks, that are citrate carbon dots (CDs) and [TbL]+ chelate complexes with 1,3-diketonate derivatives of calix[4]arene. The joint incorporation of green and blue emitting blocks into the polysodium polystyrenesulfonate (PSS) aggregates is carried out through the solvent-exchange synthetic technique. The coordinative binding between Tb3+ centers and CD surface groups in initial DMF solutions both facilitates joint incorporation of [TbL]+ complexes and the CDs into the PSS-based nanobeads and affects fluorescence properties of [TbL]+ complexes and CDs, as well as their ability to temperature sensing. The variation of the synthetic conditions is represented herein as a tool for tuning the fluorescent response of the blue and green emitting blocks upon heating and cooling. The revealed regularities enable developing either dual band luminescent colloids for monitoring temperature changes within 25-50 C through double color emission, or to transform the colloids into ratiometric temperature sensors via simple concentration variation of [TbL]+ and CDs in initial DMF solution. Novel hybrid carbon dots-terbium chelate PSS-based nanoplatform opens an avenue for new generation of sensitive and customizable single excited dual band nanothermometers.
Tecnología de las operaciones para la extracción de los productos forestales
Authors: Pemán García Jesús
Published: October 2021

Este libro surge en el ámbito universitario con la vocación de ser un recurso docente que contribuya al aprendizaje de la disciplina de Monte e Industria para los alumnos del Grado de Ingeniería Forestal de la Universitat de Lleida. Aunque en los diferentes capítulos que componen el libro el lector puede encontrar un gran volumen de información, el objetivo del mismo pretende ir más allá de esta recopilación y quiere ser un punto de reflexión y debate de todos los condicionantes que influyen en el aprovechamiento de los productos de nuestros montes y, más concretamente, de los productos madereros. Hoy en día, precisamente, existe una gran sensibilidad social sobre este aspecto y se ha planteado en numerosas ocasiones interrogantes sobre las necesidades reales de estos aprovechamientos y del cómo deben ejecutarse. Las razones y las justificaciones de la extracción de los productos forestales nos las proporcionan otras disciplinas forestales como son la Ordenación y la Selvicultura, correspondiendo a la materia que nos ocupa elegir el cómo y el cuándo, teniendo en cuenta los condicionantes ecológicos, técnicos, sociales, económicos y de la industria propios de cada situación.
PENERAPAN ALGORITMA ITERATIVE DICHOTOMISER 3 UNTUK DIAGNOSIS PENYAKIT SALURAN PENCERNAAN PADA BALITA
Authors: Anna Hendri Soleliza Jones  , Ade Dermawan
Published: October 2021

Penyakit saluran pencernaan (digestive tract) pada balita dapat terjadi karena sering terlambat dalam melakukan penanganan. Faktor lain mempengaruhi seperti terbatasnya jumlah dokter spesialis anak sedangkan balita yang harus ditangani banyak sehingga dokter membutuhkan waktu dalam mendiagnosa pasien cukup lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan hasil rekomendasi diagnosis penyakit saluran pencernaan berdasarkan gejala klinis yang dialami pasien dengan menggunakan algoritma iterative dichotomiser 3 serta memberikan informasi mengenai penyakit saluran pencernaan untuk mengedukasi masyarakat dan orang tua. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data pada penelitian ini adalah studi literatur serta hasil dari wawancara dengan pakar dr. Yolanda Pitra Kusumadewi dari Puskesmas Kotagede 1. Dari pengumpulan data tersebut didapat data gejala, penyakit serta pengobatan. Kemudian data diolah dan dilanjutkan dengan merancang sistem dan mendesain perangkat lunak berdasarkan kebutuhan sistem. Implementasikan algoritma iterative dichotomiser 3 dengan forward chaining. Pengujian sistem menggunakan confusion matrix. Dari sistem yang dibangun dihasilkan sebuah aplikasi atau sistem sofware tentang sistem pakar dengan basis web yang dapat mendiagnosis 7 macam penyakit saluran pencernaan pada balita berdasarkan 32 gejala klinis yang sering dialami pasien serta diharap dapat memberikan informasi dan pengetahuan dalam bidang kesehatan kepada masyarakat terutama pada penanganan penyakit saluran pencernaan. Penerapan algoritma iterative dichotomiser 3 dengan pengujian confusion matriks didapat sebuah aplikasi yang dapat membantu pengguna mendiagnosis penyakit saluran pencernaan dengan akurasi sistem 93,3% dari 15 data uji baru/samples yang dipeoleh dari pakar dengan presisi sebesar 93,3% dan recall sebesar 93,3%. Dapat Disimpulkan bahwa algortima ID3 dapat digunakan karena tingkat akurasi yang cukup tinggi.
PEMETAAN RISET TENTANG DETEKSI TOPIK PADA TWITTER DENGAN TEKNIK SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Sri Suhartini  , Widodo  , Bambang Prasetya Adhi
Published: October 2021

Twitter merupakan salah satu media sosial yang banyak digemari orang, mulai dari anak remaja hingga dewasa. Di twitter banyak informasi yang akan didapatkan oleh para pengguna. Masing-masing informasi memiliki kata kunci untuk dikelompokkan topik bahasannya. Kata kunci yang dimaksud adalah kata yang memiliki posisi yang istimewa dalam sebuah kalimat. Dari kata kunci ini maka topik akan lebih mudah untuk di deteksi. Terdapat berbagai macam metode untuk mendeteksi topik pada twitter. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat peta riset deteksi topik pada twitter dengan teknik systematic literature review. Literatur yang digunakan berasal dari beberapa digital library yaitu IEEE eXplore, Sciencedirect, Google Scholar dan Citeseerx . Selanjutnya proses penyaringan literatur berdasarkan relevansi judul didapat 50 judul literatur. Setelah itu menganalisis isi dari masing-masing literatur. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat 39 jenis metode deteksi topik. Metode terbanyak yang digunakan ialah Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). Dan metode dengan tingkat akurasi tertinggi yang digunakan ialah Random Forest (RF) dan Naives Bayes dengan tingkat akurasi 95,5%.