bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ENTREVISTA: PROFESSOR ADAUTO JOSÉ GONÇALVES DE ARAÚJO
Authors: Pessis Anne Marie
Published: April 2016

Médico parasitologista, graduado pela Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, em 1975, com mestrado em Biologia Parasitária na Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, com um estudo de helmintos em material arqueológico brasileiro, e doutorado em Saúde Pública pela mesma instituição, em 1987, com a tese Paleoepidemiologia da Ancilostomose, na qual apresentou a datação mais antiga da presença de ovos de Ancylostoma achados em coprólitos humanos no Sítio do Boqueirão da Pedra Furada, no Parque Nacional Serra de Capivara, no Piauí. Seus estudos reforçaram as evidências das migrações transpacíficas pré-históricas para América do Sul. Fez Pós-doutorado em Paleoparasitologia na Universidade de Nebraska, Lincoln, EUA em 2002 e 2009. O Professor Adauto Araújo foi pesquisador titular da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, onde manteve as coleções de vestígios arqueológicos e paleontológicos de interesse da Paleoparasitologia e da Paleopatologia de diversas partes do mundo. Foi membro titular da Academia de Medicina de Rio de Janeiro, da Fundação Museu do Homem Americano e do Instituo Nacional de Arqueologia, Paleontologia e Ambiente do Semiárido (Inapas/INCT/CNPq). Recebeu o Prêmio Cientista de Nosso Estado pela Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro nos períodos 2007-2009 e 2009-2012. Publicou mais de cem títulos, entre artigos e livros, no Brasil e no exterior. Através do Professor Adauto, se escreve o pioneirismo da pesquisa em Bioarqueologia no Brasil, especialmente seus trabalhos desenvolvidos no Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara, no SE do Piauí, desde a década de 1970. O número de discípulos e colaboradores que deram continuidade às suas pesquisas está representado na extensa bibliografia de publicações e de teses por ele orientadas. Dois meses após a realização da entrevista recebemos a triste notícia do falecimento do Professor Adauto. Fica aqui nesta entrevista sua última contribuição científica de uma vida dedicada à pesquisa.
EFLORESCÊNCIAS SALINAS DO SÍTIO DE ARTE RUPESTRE PEDRA DO CASTELO, PIAUÍ, BRASIL
Authors: Cavalcante Luis Carlos Duarte , Fabris José Domingos , Lage Maria Conceição Soares Menezes
Published: April 2016

As fases mineralógicas das amostras de eflorescências salinas do sítio de arte rupestre Pedra do Castelo, Piauí, Brasil, foram estudadas por difração de raios X pelo método do pó e consistem essencialmente de newberita (MgHPO4 . 3H2O), sulfato de alumínio e potássio (KAl(SO4)2), KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6, taranakita, (H6K3Al5(PO4)8 . 18H2O) e quartzo (SiO2). Gipsita (CaSO4 . 2H2O) e fosfato de alumínio (AlPO4) também foram identificados. A análise das eflorescências salinas é muito importante, não apenas de um ponto de vista químico-mineralógico, mas também da arte rupestre e das paredes de arenito que estão em processo acelerado de degradação. Os depósitos salinos estão causando a destruição das pinturas rupestres. ABSTRACTThe mineralogical phases of the samples of saline efflorescences from Pedra do Castelo rock art site, Piauí, Brazil, were studied by powder X-ray diffraction and essentially consist of magnesium hydrogen phosphate hydrate (newberyite, MgHPO4 . 3H2O), potassium aluminum hydrogen phosphate hydrate (taranakite, H6K3Al5(PO4)8 . 18H2O), potassium aluminum sulfate (KAl(SO4)2), potassium aluminum sulfate hydroxide (KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6) and silicon oxide (quartz, SiO2). Gypsum (CaSO4 . 2H2O) and aluminium phosphate (AlPO4) were also identified. The analysis from the saline efflorescences is very important, not only of a point of view chemical-mineralogical, but also of the rock art and of the sandstone walls that are in process accelerated of degradation. The saline deposits are causing the destruction of the rock paintings.Keywords: Rock arts; aline efflorescence; X-ray diffraction.
O centro de apoio popular estudantil do Tocantins: o cursinho pré-vestibular
Authors: Dourado Benvinda Barros , Da Silva Vera Lúcia Aires Gomes
Published: April 2016

O presente relato de experiência busca refletir sobre o desenvolvimento do Centro de Apoio Popular Estudantil do Tocantins (CAPE-Tins) e o Cursinho Pré-Vestibular oferecido por este projeto de extensão. Foi criado no ano de 2003 e constituído por alunos, ex-alunos, professores e técnicos administrativos da Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT) e membros extrauniversidade. Apresenta como objetivo precípuo envolver os acadêmicos em questões sociais por meio de ações educativas.Palavras chave: Educação, Extensão Universitária, Inclusão socialÁreas Temáticas: Educação e Políticas Públicas
Projeto CineCom: Cinema para todos e a experiência cinematográfica como ponte entre a cidade e a Universidade
Authors: Daniel Laene Mucci , Torres Hideide Brito
Published: April 2016

Este artigo pretende analisar a relação entre a Universidade Federal de Viçosa e a comunidade viçosense, com base na experiência de um projeto de extensão, intitulado CineCom Cinema e Cultura para Todos. Contempla-se não apenas a estrutura e o desenvolvimento do projeto, mas também são expostas as inquietações e pesquisas vivenciadas pelos seus integrantes. Ao apresentar a experiência extensionista, este artigo pretende ainda discuti-la sob a perspectiva teórica de Michel Mafessoli, especificamente, pelos conceitos de laço social, sociabilidade e prazer estético. Desta forma, num segundo momento, se propõe a refletir sobre o ideal extensionista. A reflexão e a pesquisa de campo realizadas no contexto do projeto demonstram, como primeiros resultados, que os ideais extensionistas possuem aplicabilidade e trazem resultados animadores. Ajudam na formação dos alunos e no exercício amplo da docência. Mas a superação de dicotomias entre a cidade e a universidade persiste como o grande desafio, não apenas para o Cinecom mas também para outros projetos de extensão desenvolvidos no âmbito da universidade.Palavras chave: Cinema, exclusão, extensão, interação.Áreas temáticas: Comunicação e Cultura.
O uso do jornal impresso como estratégia para a formação do leitor crítico
Authors: Medeiros Luciana De Carvalho
Published: April 2016

Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma experiência de ensino realizada numa turma de Ensino Médio de uma escola periférica da cidade de Viçosa-MG. Tornou-se relevante repensar novas estratégias para instigar os estudantes a ler mais e a buscar mais informações, uma vez que notava- se pouca informatividade nas redações dos discentes e pouca desenvoltura dos mesmos em captar informações, até mesmo explícitas na superfície textual ou expostas por meio de paráfrases. O jornal foi escolhido como instrumento didático por este ser um suporte que abarca diversos gêneros textuais, além de apresentar informações sobre questões contemporâneas. A partir de leituras, debates e análise crítica das informações jornalísticas, foi possível trabalhar as ideologias dos discursos midiáticos. Destarte, este trabalho convida a comunidade docente, bem como a sociedade em geral, a refletir sobre a inserção de instrumentos de comunicação no espaço escolar como acréscimo à limitação dos textos do livro didático, intervindo na rotina da sala de aula.Palavras chave: Ideologias, jornal impresso, leitor crítico.Áreas temáticas: Educação e comunicação.
Agroindústria familiar: Experiência profissionalizante da Cooperativa da Agricultura Familiar Integrada (COOPAFI) em Francisco Beltrão – PR
Authors: Silochi Rose Mary Helena Quint , Lima Romilda De Souza , De Oliveira Ivanira Correia
Published: April 2016

Neste estudo são apresentadas ações desenvolvidas e resultados obtidos no período de 15 meses do projeto. O objetivo principal foi contribuir para a melhoria das tecnologias existentes e propor alternativas de controle de qualidade na pós-colheita de frutas e hortaliças em toda a cadeia, incluindo Boas Práticas Agrícolas (BPA), processamento de produtos alimentícios e comercialização, de modo a permitir o desenvolvimento e competitividade referente aos desafios de novos mercados.Palavras chave: Agroindústria, gestão, tecnologia.Áreas temáticas: Ruralidades e tecnologia.
Brinquedoteca hospitalar: O lúdico como instrumento de mediação na recuperação de crianças enfermas
Authors: Leite Maria Aparecida Valentim de Souza , Neves Naíse Valéria Guimarães , Barreto Maria de Lourdes Mattos , E Castro Rita Sant’Anna , De Jesus Cristiana Terezinha , Silva Roseli , Costa Bethania De Assis
Published: April 2016

Este artigo refere-se ao Projeto de Extensão intitulado “Brinquedoteca Hospitalar: Uma Estratégia de Humanização às Famí- lias e Crianças Atendidas no Hospital São Sebastião em Viçosa, Minas Gerais”. O projeto visa implementar o trabalho de humanização proposto pelo Hospital São Sebastião no que se refere ao atendimento às crian- ças internadas e suas famílias por meio de atividades lúdicas, proporcionando condições favoráveis para que elas possam conviver bem com os diferentes sentimentos gerados no ambiente hospitalar.Palavras chave: Brinquedoteca hospitalar, criança, saúde.Áreas Temáticas: Educação e saúde.
Produção de mudas nativas para a recuperação de áreas degradadas às margens do rio Paraguai
Authors: Barbosa Lobato Pozo , Siqueira Wagner Da Cunha , Oliveira Carlos Alberto Da Cunha , Ferreira Valteir Siani , Abrahão Selma Alves , Romano Luciano Recart
Published: April 2016

Este trabalho teve como objetivo a produção de mudas para fins de recuperação de áreas degradadas às margens do rio Paraguai e seus afluentes no município de Cáceres, MT, visando, além da recomposição das matas ciliares, o bem estar da comunidade dos idosos que poderão frequentar este local. O processo de produção de mudas teve início no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciências e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso (IFMT) - Campus Cáceres, no setor de Engenharia Florestal, com a construção do viveiro de mudas nativas. Entre as atividades desenvolvidas, primeiramente foi realizado um levantamento da demanda populacional de espécies nativas de área degradada às margens do rio Paraguai, posteriormente foi realizada a produção de mudas e o manejo das espécies produzidas. A produção das mudas contou com a participação dos acadêmicos do Curso de Engenharia Florestal, proporcionando conhecimento na identificação de espécies nativas e na produção de mudas. Após esta etapa, foi realizado o plantio das espécies nativas às margens do córrego “Maria Cabeluda”, afluente do Rio Paraguai, que passa dentro do terreno da Associação Remanso Fraterno João Gabriel. O ato do plantio envolveu professores, alunos, voluntários e os idosos da associação, o que possibilitou a troca de conhecimento sobre educação ambiental, demonstrando a importância da preservação dos recursos naturais, assim como divulgou à comunidade a participação do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciências e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso, Campus Cáceres, no apoio à preservação do meio ambiente e a socialização e troca de conhecimento entre a comunidade e os estudantes.Palavras chave: Interação da comunidade, produção de mudas, recuperação de áreas degradadas.Áreas temáticas: Meio Ambiente, metodologias em extensão e teorias.
Curso de formação de educadores jovens do campo: uma trajetória em formação
Authors: Sousa Luciano De Melo
Published: April 2016

O Curso de Formação de Educadores Jovens do Campo é uma atividade de formação em Educação Popular feita em parceria entre o projeto de extensão Humanismo Caboclo (UESPI), Fundação Santa Ângela e RECID. Inspirado na metodologia de Paulo Freire, trabalha com jovens do campo conteúdos, metodologias e ações de organização comunitária e protagonismo social. Já foram realizadas três edições (2010; 2011-2012; 2013-2014) que contemplaram a formação de 120 jovens em educação popular. Como resultado do curso foi construída uma rede de educadores populares que organizam atividades de formação, programas de rádio inspirados na comunicação popular e ações comunitárias.Palavras-chave: Educação popular, cidadania, juventude, extensão universitária. Área Temática: Educação, teorias e metodologias em extensão.
"Leite na boca do povo" - Um quadro radiofônico a serviço dos produtores de leite no norte do estado do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Da Rosa Arlindo Henrique Saul , Bermudes Rogério Folha , Superti Gilberto Aguirre , Nerling Marcos Daniel
Published: April 2016

O meio de comunicação de maior inserção junto às comunidades rurais é o rádio, este tem o papel de democratização da informação, promoção da educação e difusão da cultura. Com esses preceitos foi fundado no ano de 2008 o programa Escola de Permanência no Campo, que tem por objetivo levar informações aos pequenos e médios produtores rurais no norte do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Nesse programa é produzido o quadro "leite na boca do povo" que veicula informações do setor leiteiro a todos os envolvidos com o mesmo. O quadro é conduzido por docentes e estudantes de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria campus de Palmeira das Missões.Palavras-chave: Cadeia leiteira, desenvolvimento regional, informações técnicas. Área Temática: Comunicação, ruralidade
Aproximações entre extensão universitária e direitos humanos: análise a partir de uma experiência da Assessoria Jurídica Universitária Popular da UFV
Authors: Estevez Carlos Alberto , Franceschini Bruna , Lelis Davi Augusto Santana de
Published: April 2016

A relação entre direitos humanos e extensão universitária é retratada no presente trabalho a partir de uma experiência da Assessoria Jurídica Universitária Popular da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (AJUP/UFV), qual seja, o diagnóstico do padrão de violação de direitos fundamentais decorrentes da construção da Pequena Central Hidrelétrica de Fumaça, no Sudeste do Estado de Minas Gerais. Para se levar a efeito tal proposta, foi essencial o vínculo criado entre a AJUP/UFV, o Movimento dos Atingidos por Barragens (MAB) e os moradores da comunidade atingida com a construção daquele empreendimento. Partindo de metodologias horizontalizadas, cujo foco consiste em promover um trabalho de assessoria em detrimento da ideia de assistência jurídica, pôde-se vislumbrar o quão virtuosa se revelou tal estratégia, na medida em que permitiu a construção de conhecimento emancipatório, produto do diálogo entre as esferas acadêmica e popular.
Genetic Relationships in Malawian Cocoyam Measured by Morphological and DNA Markers
Authors: Mwenye Obed , Herselman Liezel , Benesi Ibrahim , Labuschagne Maryke
Published: April 2016

Cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta L. and Xanthosoma sagittifolium L. Schott), a member of the Araceae family, has been cultivated for generations in Africa. Genotypes that adapt to local agroecological conditions and conform to social requirements have been selected by subsistence farmers. Knowledge of germplasm diversity and its genetic characterization is crucial to crop improvement and conservation strategies. Genetic relationships of cocoyam accessions collected from several districts across Malawi were analyzed using morphological, amplified fragment length polymorphism, and combined analyses. Two members of the Araceae family, Colocasia and Xanthosoma, were identified in the studied germplasm. Low levels of genetic variation were observed among accessions within each of the two species. There was consistency in the relationship of the cocoyam accessions using the different cluster and ordination methods as well as the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). The dendrograms, principal component analysis biplots, and AMOVA showed high levels of variation between the two species (Colocasia and Xanthosoma) and low levels among the different accessions within each of the two species. The genetic diversity of the accessions was also related to the different regions of collection and agroecology. Accessions from the southern region clustered separately from the ones collected from the northern region of Malawi.
Using HPSEC to identify NOM fraction removal and the correlation with disinfection by-product precursors
Authors: Hidayah Euis Nurul , Chou Yung-Chen , Yeh Hsuan-Hsien
Published: April 2016

In this study high performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) was used to compare an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane and alum coagulation for their capacity to remove different fractions of natural organic matter (NOM) from water. At the same time, the removal of disinfection by-product (DBP) precursors, as measured by trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) and haloacetic acid formation potential (HAAFP), was also detected. The results show that the UF membrane mainly removed the aliphatic biopolymer fraction, while alum coagulation mainly removed the humic substances fraction. The results of DBP precursor analysis show that more THMFP was removed by the UF membrane than HAAFP, while the reverse was true for alum coagulation. It is conjectured that the aliphatic biopolymer fraction is the major precursor for trihalomethanes (THMs), while the humic substances fraction is the major precursor for haloacetic acids (HAAs).
Evaluation of submarine groundwater discharge into the northern Bohai Bay, China using 226Ra
Authors: Wang Xuejing , Li Hailong , Zhang Yan , Wang Chaoyue , Qu Wenjing , Ma Qian
Published: April 2016

Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) has been widely recognized as a significant source of water and dissolved material transport from land to ocean. To quantify SGD into the northern Bohai Bay, China, naturally occurring radium isotope (226Ra) was measured in water samples collected along two transects in September 2012. Based on a tidal prism model, two different flushing times of the coastal water were determined to be 9.1 d and 11.5 d with respect to the different return flow factor (b) obtained from a physical model and a mass balance model of 226Ra and salinity, respectively. Using the derived flushing time, we developed a 226Ra mass balance model to estimate the SGD into the bay, which includes mixing, sedimentary input and SGD. The 226Ra budget indicated the 226Ra input from SGD accounted for 99% of the total tracer input to the northern Bohai Bay. We arrived at an average flux from SGD of 4.83 × 107 m3/d. The large volume of SGD confirms its importance in supplying a considerable quantity of nutrients to the bay.
Using Fe–Mn binary oxide three-dimensional nanostructure to remove arsenic from aqueous systems
Authors: Lei Ming , Qin Pufeng , Peng Liang , Ren Yanqing , Sato Tsutomu , Zeng Qingru , Yang Zhihui , Chai Liyuan
Published: April 2016

Fe–Mn binary oxide flower-like three-dimensional nanostructure synthesized from a hydrothermal procedure was used to remove arsenic (As) from aqueous solution. The samples were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). SEM images revealed that the Fe–Mn binary oxide was dispersed as flower-like spheres with a diameter of 500 − 800 nm and the width of the petals was 20 − 30 nm. Sorption of the As to the Fe–Mn binary oxide reached equilibrium in less than 180 s, which is much faster than pure MnO2 and amorphous iron manganese binary oxide. The adsorption isotherm agreed well with the Freundlich adsorption model with adsorption capacities of 26.5 mg/g, when the equilibrium concentration was 34.5 mg/L. The effect of temperature revealed that the adsorption of As was exothermic, and the adsorption decreased with increasing temperature from 20 °C to 70 °C. The removal percentage of As by Fe–Mn binary oxide reached 100% from aqueous solution at pH 4.0 − 6.0. The Fe–Mn binary oxide nano-flowers are a potential highly efficient nanomaterial for removal of As from water.
Total coliphages removal by activated sludge process and their morphological diversity by transmission electron microscopy
Authors: Jebri Sihem , Hmaied Fatma , Yahya Mariem , Ben Ammar Aouatef , Hamdi Moktar
Published: April 2016

This study was conducted to isolate phages in treated sewage collected from wastewater treatment plant, and explore their morphological diversity by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Fates of total bacteriophages and their reduction by biological treatment were also assayed. Phages were isolated using the plaque assay then negatively stained and observed by electron microscope. Electron micrographs showed different types of phages with different shapes and sizes. The majority of viruses found in treated sewage ranged from 30 to 100 nm in capsid diameter. Many of them were tailed, belonging to Siphoviridae, Myoviridae and Podoviridae families. Non-tailed phage particles were also found at a low rate, presumably belonging to Leviviridae or Microviridae families. This study shows the diversity and the abundance of bacteriophages in wastewater after biological treatment. Their persistence in wastewater reused in agriculture should raise concerns about their potential role in controlling bacterial populations in the environment. They should be also included in water treatment quality controlling guidelines as fecal and viral indicators.
Facial soft-tissue changes after rapid maxillary expansion analyzed with 3-dimensional stereophotogrammetry: A randomized, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Baysal Asli , Ozturk Mehmet Ali , Sahan Ahmet Oguz , Uysal Tancan
Published: April 2016

Objective: To evaluate three-dimensional (3-D) soft tissue facial changes following rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and to compare these changes with an untreated control group.

Materials and Methods: Patients who need RME as a part of their orthodontic treatment were randomly divided into two groups of 17 patients each. Eligibility criteria included having maxillary transverse deficiency with crossbite, and to be in the normal range according to body mass index. In the first group (mean age  =  13.4 ± 1.2 years), expansion was performed. The second group received no treatment initially and served as untreated control (mean age  =  12.8 ± 1.3 years). Skeletal and soft tissue changes were evaluated using posteroanterior cephalograms and 3-D facial images. The primary outcome of this study was to assess the soft tissue changes. The secondary outcomes were evaluation hard tissue and soft tissue relations. Randomization was done with preprepared random number tables. Blinding was applicable for outcome assessment only. MANOVA, t-test, and correlation analyses were used (P  =  .05).

Results: In both groups, there was a general trend of increase for the transverse skeletal measurements, but these increases were more limited in the control group. Alar base width was greater in the treatment group (P  =  .002). Pogonion soft tissue point (P  =  .022) was located more posteriorly in the expansion group compared with the control group.

Conclusions: Soft tissue changes between groups were similar, except for the alar base, which became wider in the treatment group. Weak correlations were found between the skeletal and soft tissue changes.
Alterations in β-Cell Calcium Dynamics and Efficacy Outweigh Islet Mass Adaptation in Compensation of Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes Onset
Authors: Chen Chunguang , Chmelova Helena , Cohrs Christian M. , Chouinard Julie A. , Jahn Stephan R. , Stertmann Julia , Uphues Ingo , Speier Stephan
Published: April 2016

Emerging insulin resistance is normally compensated by increased insulin production of pancreatic β-cells, thereby maintaining normoglycemia. However, it is unclear whether this is achieved by adaptation of β-cell function, mass, or both. Most importantly, it is still unknown which of these adaptive mechanisms fail when type 2 diabetes develops. We performed longitudinal in vivo imaging of β-cell calcium dynamics and islet mass of transplanted islets of Langerhans throughout diet-induced progression from normal glucose homeostasis, through compensation of insulin resistance, to prediabetes. The results show that compensation of insulin resistance is predominated by alterations of β-cell function, while islet mass only gradually expands. Hereby, functional adaptation is mediated by increased calcium efficacy, which involves Epac signaling. Prior to prediabetes, β-cell function displays decreased stimulated calcium dynamics, whereas islet mass continues to increase through prediabetes onset. Thus, our data reveal a predominant role of islet function with distinct contributions of triggering and amplifying pathway in the in vivo processes preceding diabetes onset. These findings support protection and recovery of β-cell function as primary goals for prevention and treatment of diabetes and provide insight into potential therapeutic targets.
Physician Impressions of Physical Therapist Practice in the Emergency Department: Descriptive, Comparative Analysis Over Time
Authors: Fruth Stacie J. , Wiley Steve
Published: April 2016

Background

Emergency department (ED) use in the United States is expected to rapidly increase. Nearly half of all ED visits are classified as semiurgent or nonurgent, and many fall into the musculoskeletal category. Despite growing international evidence that patients are appropriately and safely managed by ED physical therapists in a time-efficient manner, physical therapist practice in EDs is not widely understood or utilized in the United States. To date, no studies have reported the impressions of ED physicians about this practice.

Objectives

The purposes of this study were: (1) to assess ED physicians' impressions of ED physical therapist practice 2 years after practice was initiated and (2) to determine whether physicians' impressions changed 7 years later.

Methods

All ED staff physicians and medical residents at a level I trauma hospital were invited to complete a survey in 2004 and 2011.

Results

In both years, a majority of physicians reported favorable impressions of ED physical therapist practice. Physical therapists were valued for educating patients about safety and injury prevention, providing appropriate gait training, assisting with disposition planning, and providing interventions as alternatives to pain medication. Many physicians supported standing physical therapist orders for certain musculoskeletal conditions. The most common concern was the additional time that patients spend in the ED for a physical therapist consult.

Limitations

The results of this study may not reflect the impressions of physicians in all EDs that employ physical therapists.

Conclusions

Emergency department physicians reported favorable impressions of ED physical therapist practice 2 years and 9 years following its implementation in this hospital. This study showed that ED physicians support standing physical therapist orders for certain musculoskeletal conditions, which suggests that direct triage to ED physical therapists for these conditions could be considered.
Predominance of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus genetic subclade 6B.1 and influenza B/Victoria lineage viruses at the start of the 2015/16 influenza season in Europe
Authors: Broberg Eeva , Melidou Angeliki , Prosenc Katarina , Bragstad Karoline , Hungnes Olav ,   on behalf of the WHO European Region and the European Influenza Surveillance Network members of the reporting countries
Published: April 2016

Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses predominated in the European influenza 2015/16 season. Most analysed viruses clustered in a new genetic subclade 6B.1, antigenically similar to the northern hemisphere vaccine component A/California/7/2009. The predominant influenza B lineage was Victoria compared with Yamagata in the previous season. It remains to be evaluated at the end of the season if these changes affected the effectiveness of the vaccine for the 2015/16 season.
Rwandan Women No More
Authors: Jessee Erin
Published: April 2016

Since the 1994 Rwandan genocide, the current government has arrested approximately 130,000 civilians who were suspected of criminal responsibility. An estimated 2,000 were women, a cohort that remains rarely researched through an ethnographic lens. This article begins to address this oversight by analyzing ethnographic encounters with 8 confessed or convicted female génocidaires from around Rwanda. These encounters reveal that female génocidaires believe they endure gender-based discrimination for having violated taboos that determine appropriate conduct for Rwandan women. However, only female génocidaires with minimal education, wealth, and social capital referenced this gender-based discrimination to minimize their crimes and assert claims of victimization. Conversely, female elites who helped incite the genocide framed their victimization in terms of political betrayal and victor’s justice. This difference is likely informed by the female elites’ participation in the political processes that made the genocide possible, as well as historical precedence for leniency where female elites are concerned.
Introduction
Authors: Oosterbaan Martijn , Pansters Wil G.
Published: April 2016

In the past decade, the concept of sovereignty has swiftly risen in popularity within anthropological circles, especially in relation to violence in postcolonial and post-authoritarian societies (Das and Poole 2004). The rationale of this section is rooted in the aspiration to build on and further develop anthropological understandings of conflict and violence centered on the notion of sovereignty. Whereas the contributors to the section are indebted to theoretical approaches influenced by the writings of Agamben (1998, 2005), they also present analytic advantages and shortcomings. For instance, a recent critique of Agamben’s notion of sovereignty—and of many of his followers—is that it reproduces totalitarian notions of modern politics that cannot account for the historical existence of “ordered” communities “free from subjection, and … free from subjecting others” (Jennings 2011: 43).
Book Reviews
Authors: Kallinen Timo , Jackson Michael D. , Welz Gisela , Donnan Hastings , Sharma Jeevan Raj , Stade Ronald S.
Published: April 2016

Crude Domination: An Anthropology of Oil
Andrea Behrends, Stephen P. Reyna, and Günter Schlee, eds. New York and Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2011. 325 pp. Hardcover ISBN 978-0-85745-255-9.

The War Machines: Young Men and Violence in Sierra Leone and Liberia
Danny Hoffman. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2011. 295 pp. Paper ISBN 978-0-8223-5077-4.

The Make-Believe Space: Affective Geography in a Postwar Polity
Yael Navaro-Yashin. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2012. 270 pp. Paper ISBN 978-0-8223-5204-4.

The Risk of War: Everyday Sociality in the Republic of Macedonia
Vasiliki P. Neofotistos. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2012. 216 pp. Hardcover ISBN 978-0-8122-4399-4.

Maoists at the Hearth: Everyday Life in Nepal’s Civil War
Judith Pettigrew. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2013. 200 pp. Hardcover ISBN 978-0-8122-4492-2.

In Memoriam
No Future for Boys?
Authors: Allan Jonathan A.
Published: April 2016

Crises of masculinity and wars on boys often deploy the suicides of young males as a rhetorical strategy in raising awareness for a political cause, that is to say a declaration of war, a war that remains dubious at best. Who, for instance, declared “war” on “boys”? This paper argues that theorists of gender, particularly masculinity, must think carefully and critically about suicide as a rhetorical strategy. In particular, this paper seeks to explain why men’s rights activists and scholars prefer the term “boys” to “young men” or “adolescents,” and subsequently aims to work through ideas of temporality, futurity, and slow death to understand the deployment of suicide as strategy.
There Are No Girl Pirate Captains
Authors: Campbell Galman Sally , Mallozzi Christine A.
Published: April 2016

This paper employs data from from a multi-year, ethnographic study of children in a diverse public preschool to destabilize some of the claims of the “boy crisis” literature (Hoff-Somers, 2000). Focusing on fine-grained analyses of events in the study context, the authors illustrate the complexity of everyday interactions between female teachers and the male and female preschoolers in their classes, as well as between the male and female preschoolers themselves. These analyses suggest that a preschool environment where all teachers are female is as patriarchally and hegemonically saturated as any other context, as both boys and girls (and teachers) are subject to, and invariably take up, powerful cultural scripts reflected in children’s and other media in the larger cultural milieu. Further, we emphasize that preschool—arguably among the most “feminized” school environments—is more complex than “boy crisis” proponents present.
Economic and Industrial Cooperation Between France and Germany: Assessment and Future Prospects
Authors: Trouille Jean-Marc
Published: April 2016

Economy and industry have traditionally been major stakes within the Franco-German relationship. This article examines French and German economic and industrial relations, and their importance for these countries' joint leadership in Europe. It investigates the level of economic interdependence and of macroeconomic convergence between the two largest Eurozone economies, industrial cooperation between French and German companies, discrepancies in their trade relations and investment flows, divergences in their respective economic and industrial policies, and the dichotomy between partnership and rivalry in their long-standing relationship. Finally, this article assesses the risk of increasing fiscal and industrial imbalance between the two economies and draws conclusions on its implications for the Franco-German entente in Europe.
Reflections on History Education
Authors: Jonker Ed
Published: April 2016

History education inevitably is a thing of the present. During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries it has always answered to problems that were urgent at the time of discussion. This has mostly taken the form of explaining and thus smoothing over painful ruptures in the past. Although nowadays we generally acknowledge this contemporary character of history education, the professional ideal of doing proper, authentic history remains—a desire that is understandable, but compatible neither with epistemological standards nor with public expectations. While teaching instrumental history is not an option, history education cannot live on criticism and deconstruction alone, we need a reflexive presentism that self-consciously confronts the present day—“difficult“ rather than “easy“ histories.
Beware of Bandits!
Authors: Blumell Lincoln H.
Published: April 2016

This paper considers the perils of travel by focusing on banditry, a conspicuous, yet oft-neglected, feature of the Roman Empire. Appearing at different times and at various locations it was thoroughly entrenched in Roman society and affected both the rich and poor alike. But the primary victim of banditry and the one to whom it posed the greatest threat was the ancient traveller since brigands tended to operate mostly along roads and rural highways in search of prey. The very real danger brigands posed to the ancient traveller can be detected from a number of diverse sources including tombstones on which was inscribed 'killed by bandits'. While the government took some measures to curb and even stamp out banditry, given the administrative and policing handicaps inherent in the Empire it remained fairly widespread.
Writing the End
Authors: Cocking Ben
Published: April 2016

Freya Stark's The Southern Gates of Arabia (1936) and Wilfred Thesiger's Arabian Sands (1959) are commonly viewed as representing the last of the 'Arabist tradition'. Consequently, The Southern Gates of Arabia and Arabian Sands provide an opportunity to examine the Arabist tradition at a genealogical point of transition. Taking as its starting point the representational strategies deployed in each book, this paper will examine the extent to which these strategies are characteristic of Arabist travel writing and consider how Stark and Thesiger might be located in the context of the tradition's demise.
San Sombrèro
Authors: Fraser Benjamin
Published: April 2016

Although fictional places have certainly been the hallmark of great literature (William Faulkner, Gabriel García Márquez, Juan Benet), a recent travel guide to the fictional land of 'San Sombrèro' shows that their manifestation in popular culture can be questionable. A Bergsonian reading (Laughter, 1900) of the guide's attempt to pair humour with contrived exoticism yields more discomfort than laughs.
Nature, Technology, and the Acknowledgment of Waste
Authors: Krohn Wolfgang
Published: April 2016

This article presents a long-term study of German waste management policies and technologies as they developed during the second half of the twentieth century. The postwar "waste avalanche" called for quick and crude political decisions. Unexpected environmental side effects prompted new governance and leads through six different stages of policies based on scientific models and advanced technologies—all of them controversial. The case exemplifies a typical condition of a knowledge society. Politics demands a reliable knowledge base for rational decision making. Science, however, supplies open-ended research and increases uncertainties. Turning the dilemma into an operational perspective, I suggest speaking of processes of real-world experimentation with waste. The transformation of waste from something to be ignored and disregarded into an epistemic object of concern is bound to experimenting with existing and newly designed waste sites as well as with socio-technical management systems. The study focuses on the development in Germany. Its general features, however, are characteristic for comparable industrial societies.
Endoscopic endonasal control of the paraclival internal carotid artery by Fogarty balloon catheter inflation: an anatomical study
Authors: Ruggeri Andrea , Enseñat Joaquim , Prats-Galino Alberto , Lopez-Rueda Antonio , Berenguer Joan , Cappelletti Martina , De Notaris Matteo , d'Avella Elena
Published: April 2016

OBJECTIVE

Neurosurgical management of many vascular and neoplastic lesions necessitates control of the internal carotid artery (ICA). The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of achieving control of the ICA through the endoscopic endonasal approach by temporary occlusion with a Fogarty balloon catheter.

METHODS

Ten endoscopic endonasal paraseptal approaches were performed on cadaveric specimens. A Fogarty balloon catheter was inserted through a sellar bony opening and pushed laterally and posteriorly extraarterially along the paraclival carotid artery. The balloon was then inflated, thus achieving temporary occlusion of the vessel. The position of the catheter was confirmed with CT scans, and occlusion of the ICA was demonstrated with angiography. The technique was performed in 2 surgical cases of pituitary macroadenoma with cavernous sinus invasion.

RESULTS

Positioning the Fogarty balloon catheter at the level of the paraclival ICA was achieved in all cadaveric dissections and surgical cases through a minimally invasive, quick, and safe approach. Inflation of the Fogarty balloon caused interruption of blood flow in 100% of cases.

CONCLUSIONS

Temporary occlusion of the paraclival ICA performed through the endoscopic endonasal route with the aid of a Fogarty balloon catheter may be another maneuver for dealing with intraoperative ICA control. Further clinical studies are required to prove the efficacy of this method.
Optimized Linear, Quadratic and Cubic Interpolators for Elementary Function Hardware Implementations
Authors: Sadeghian Masoud , Stine James , Walters E.
Published: April 2016

This paper presents a method for designing linear, quadratic and cubic interpolators that compute elementary functions using truncated multipliers, squarers and cubers. Initial coefficient values are obtained using a Chebyshev series approximation. A direct search algorithm is then used to optimize the quantized coefficient values to meet a user-specified error constraint. The algorithm minimizes coefficient lengths to reduce lookup table requirements, maximizes the number of truncated columns to reduce the area, delay and power of the arithmetic units, and minimizes the maximum absolute error of the interpolator output. The method can be used to design interpolators to approximate any function to a user-specified accuracy, up to and beyond 53-bits of precision (e.g., IEEE double precision significand). Linear, quadratic and cubic interpolator designs that approximate reciprocal, square root, reciprocal square root and sine are presented and analyzed. Area, delay and power estimates are given for 16, 24 and 32-bit interpolators that compute the reciprocal function, targeting a 65 nm CMOS technology from IBM. Results indicate the proposed method uses smaller arithmetic units and has reduced lookup table sizes compared to previously proposed methods. The method can be used to optimize coefficients in other systems while accounting for coefficient quantization as well as truncation and rounding effects of multiple arithmetic units.
Morphology-Controlled High-Efficiency Small Molecule Organic Solar Cells without Additive Solvent Treatment
Authors: Kim Il , Jo Jun , Yun Jung-Ho
Published: April 2016

This paper focuses on nano-morphology-controlled small-molecule organic solar cells without solvent treatment for high power-conversion efficiencies (PCEs). The maximum high PCE reaches up to 7.22% with a bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) thickness of 320 nm. This high efficiency was obtained by eliminating solvent additives such as 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO) to find an alternative way to control the domain sizes in the BHJ layer. Furthermore, the generalized transfer matrix method (GTMM) analysis has been applied to confirm the effects of applying a different thickness of BHJs for organic solar cells from 100 to 320 nm, respectively. Finally, the study showed an alternative way to achieve high PCE organic solar cells without additive solvent treatments to control the morphology of the bulk-heterojunction.
Anomalous Mirror Symmetry Generated by Optical Illusion
Authors: Sugihara Kokichi
Published: April 2016

This paper introduces a new concept of mirror symmetry, called “anomalous mirror symmetry”, which is physically impossible but can be perceived by human vision systems because of optical illusion. This symmetry is characterized geometrically and a method for creating cylindrical surfaces that create this symmetry is constructed. Examples of solid objects constructed by a 3D printer are also shown.
Le site funéraire du Bronze final de Void-Vacon « le Vé » (Meuse, Lorraine)
Authors: Vermard Laurent , Adam Frédéric , Thiériot Franck
Published: April 2016

La fouille préventive menée en 2003 au lieu-dit le Vé à Void-Vacon (Meuse, Lorraine) a permis de mettre au jour un ensemble funéraire du début de l’Âge du bronze final constitué par un enclos ovale de 340 m2 et deux fosses circulaires de un mètre de diamètre dont l’une renfermait un corps. L’étude de cette tombe a révélé que le défunt était inhumé assis ou accroupi, dans un caveau en matière périssable. La tombe contenait un vase, une épingle et une spirale en bronze. La réouverture ancienne de cette sépulture et le prélèvement d’ossements révèlent des gestes funéraires pouvant être liés à la pratique des secondes funérailles. La deuxième fosse était semblable à la première, mais ne renfermait pas de corps. Ces fosses se trouvaient à quelques mètres au nord d’un enclos palissadé. Ce dernier était probablement doublé d’un talus. L’accès s’y faisait par un étroit passage couvert. Cet ensemble funéraire ne trouve pas de comparaison actuellement en Lorraine, mais semble être à rapprocher de certains sites de l’est du Bassin parisien.
Le mobilier magdalénien en matières dures d’origine animale du site de Wilczyce 10 (district de Sandomierz, Pologne)
Authors: Boro´n Tomasz
Published: April 2016

The Wilczyce site in southern Poland, on the Sandomierz plateau overlooking the Opatowka river valley, was discovered during a field survey conducted in 1994 as part of the Archaeological Map of Poland project. The archaeological material discovered justified a survey to determine the zone of the planned excavation. Systematic work carried out since 1998, first by Dr Fiedorczuk and after his death by Prof. Schild, has yielded a quantity of lithic and bone artefacts, art objects, and the bones of consumed animals, distributed within an ice wedge. The Magdalenian bone inventory consists of 54 artefacts : 3 bone figurines, 12 points, 2 intermediate tools, 2 smoothers, 1 chisel, 1 scoop-smoother, 2 awls, 1 baton, 2 handles, 24 needles, 1 plaque and 3 unidentified objects. They were all made of reindeer antler, mammoth tusk and bone. Among the most exceptional finds are points with a concave-convex section, obtained by scraping the antler (elimination of the spongy tissue) until compact bone was reached. They are fairly rare in the bone inventory of the Magdalenian culture. The typological analysis of the bone and flint artefacts from Wilczyce allows the site to be attributed to a Magdalenian occupation during the Upper Palaeolithic. According to the 14 C results the Wilczyce site fits within the upper horizon of the Magdalenian, which seems to confirm the theory that Magdalenian sites in central and eastern Europe belong for the most part to the upper and terminal phases of this culture.
L’abri orné de la Ségognole, Noisy-sur-École, Seine-et-Marne. Description des gravures et proposition d’attribution chronoculturelle
Authors: Benard Alain
Published: April 2016

The decorated shelter of la Ségognole, in the Trois-Pignons forest, Noisy-sur-École, Seine-et-Marne, contains some of the rarest artistic evidence attributable to the Upper Palaeolithic ever reported in the northern part of France. The single decorated panel of the small cavity is composed of engravings of one complete horse and the forequarters of a second one, separated by three natural cracks, two of which have been worked to form a vulvar motif. Studies of this composition, the layout, the presence of segmental animation and the proportions of the complete horse, lead us to propose a chrono-cultural attribution to the Magdalenian. Depictions of horses in Palaeolithic parietal art and on artefacts in the northern part of France are not related stylistically to the complete horse at la Ségognole. Its counterparts are found in Périgord and Quercy.