bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The diachronic expansion of Pt. vossa mercê > você and Sp. vuestra merced > usted
Authors: Hummel Martin
Published: December 2019

O extenso uso de pt. você e de esp. usted na América é um fato incontestável. No entanto, a explicação para a sua expansão diacrônica continua a ser uma questão aberta. Levando em conta que pt. você e esp. usted apareceram na Europa somente no final do século XVI, muitos autores se perguntam como tal expansão foi possível, num momento em que a colonização estava praticamente terminada. O artigo mostra que a questão é mal posta. Pt. você e esp. usted são resultados reduzidos da gramaticalização dos tratamentos medievais pt. vossa mercê e sp. vuestra merced. Tanto os dados diacrônicos como os dados dialetais do século XX, usados pela reconstrução diacrônica, mostram que houve um sem-fim de variantes reduzidas dessas formas nominais já no século XVI. A fixação tardia de uma só destas variantes, pt. você / sp. usted, foi uma simples questão de padronização. Neste processo, a administração colonial civil e militar teve um papel importante. Em Portugal, as variantes relacionadas ao processo diacrônico vossa mercê > você eram muito usadas nos dialetos, mas a elite lisboeta recusou este uso. Por este motivo, o pronome você tem um uso bastante marginal no português europeu.
Traduzindo os Cheiros do "Chiclete" de Kim Ki-Taek
Authors: Im Park Yun Jung
Published: December 2019

Este artigo tem como objeto o livro de poesias Chiclete de Kim Ki-taek, publicado originalmente em 2009 na Coreia e em 2018 no Brasil pela editora 7Letras. O primeiro poeta contemporâneo coreano traduzido para a língua portuguesa é representante de uma poesia coreana urbana, revelando qualidades inumanas da vida megalopolizada e transitando por temas comuns à civilização internacional. Apesar de abordar temas comuns a grandes cidades do mundo contemporâneo, as dificuldades de tradução na passagem entre línguas tão distantes são sempre desafiadoras. Neste artigo, foram selecionadas expressões ligadas a cheiros, pois estas constituem um elemento chave na poética de Kim Ki-taek, e tambémexemplificam várias questões complexas que envolvem a tradução de aspectos culturais e semânticos entre as duas línguas. Ao analisar cada vocábulo e a sua respectiva tradução, comparando com a tradução para o espanhol, procurou-se mostrar a necessidade de recorrer a variados procedimentos em busca de um equivalente poético adequado.
Herberto Helder Tradutor de Poéticas Não-Europeias
Authors: Faleiros Álvaro , Cesarino Pedro
Published: December 2019

O intuito deste artigo é refletir sobre os “poema mudados para o português” do poeta Herberto Helder. Muitos deles são de poéticas não-europeias. A partir da análise de alguns poemas ameríndios, propomos discutir as implicações de suas escolhas e de como pode ser interpretada pela antropologia contemporânea.
Problematizações das práticas de promoção da saúde a partir do biopoder
Authors: Lemos Flávia Cristina Silveira , Lopes Ana , Galindo Dolores , Prado Filho Kleber , Dias Rachel Siqueira
Published: December 2019

Este artigo aborda a emergência da promoção de saúde como dispositivo de biopoder, que opera pela medicalização da população, pela educação em saúde, pela economia política e pela segurança. O texto é fruto de um recorte de parte de uma pesquisa histórica e documental, realizada como Tese de Doutorado em Psicologia. Os estudos de Michel Foucault a respeito do biopoder nos auxiliaram a analisar as práticas de promoção de saúde, em seus efeitos de saber e de poder, em um entrecruzamento de forças múltiplas. A prevenção e a promoção de saúde colocam os corpos em uma condição de controle minucioso e totalizante das condutas, compondo um dispositivo. Concluímos, afirmando que a salvação da saúde passa a ser uma verdadeira religião, na atualidade, em um crescente mercado de consumo de tecnologias sociais, com o empresariamento da vida, no neoliberalismo.
Da técnica à sensibilidade: uma análise sobre a formação do professor de música
Authors: Lima Camila Fernanda De Pretto , Mansano Sonia Regina Vargas
Published: December 2019

O presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir a formação profissional do professor de música. Trata-se de um estudo teórico e documental que teve como referência o conceito de trabalho imaterial afetivo, tal qual elaborado por Hardt e Negri (2001), bem como o catálogo de cursos de uma universidade pública do estado do Paraná. Como resultado, foi possível identificar os espaços definidos para discutir as dimensões afetivas nos documentos do curso analisado. Ao final da investigação, pode-se concluir que a formação e atuação desses profissionais guardam não apenas a preparação técnica (prática e teórica), como também o desafio de levar para o meio escolar a sensibilidade, o afeto e os processos de criação, constituintes da linguagem musical.
On the zero-level offset in the GOSAT TANSO-FTS O2 A band and the quality of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF): comparison of SIF between GOSAT and OCO-2
Authors: Oshio Haruki , Yoshida Yukio , Matsunaga Tsuneo
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Satellite remote sensing of solar-induced chlorophyll
fluorescence (SIF) has attracted attention as a method for improving the
estimation accuracy of the photosynthetic production of terrestrial
vegetation in recent years. The Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT)
has the ability to observe both SIF and the concentrations of CO2 and
CH4 and thus is expected to contribute to the understanding of the global
carbon budget. Evaluating artefact signals (e.g. zero-level offset caused
by non-linearity in the analogue circuit in the case of GOSAT) is effective
for inferring the instrument status and important for retrieving SIF from
satellite measurements. Here we investigate the characteristics of the
zero-level offset and the consistency of satellite-derived SIFs by comparing
the derived SIF with the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) SIF at
multiple spatial scales (footprint to global). The zero-level offset was
evaluated using filling-in signals over bare soil while investigating the
criteria for identifying barren areas. An analysis of the temporal variation
of the zero-level offset over a period of 9 years suggests that the
radiometric sensitivity of the GOSAT spectrometer changed after switching
the optics path selector in January 2015. The GOSAT SIF was highly
consistent with the OCO-2 SIF, with a bias within 0.1 mW m−2 nm−1 sr−1 for most months and an inter-region bias of about 0.2 mW m−2 nm−1 sr−1. Our results agree with the previous comparisons and
support the consistency among the present satellite SIF data, which is
important for the utilization of those data.
Vertical wind profiling from troposphere to the lower mesosphere based on high resolution heterodyne near-infrared spectroradiometry
Authors: Rodin Alexander V. , Churbanov Dmitry V. , Zenevich Sergei G. , Klimchuk Artem Yu. , Semenov Vladimir M. , Spiridonov Maxim V. , Gazizov Iskander Sh.
Published: December 2019

Abstract. We propose a new technique of remote wind measurements based on Doppler analysis of a CO2 absorption line in the 1.605 μm overtone band measured in the direct Sun observation geometry. Heterodyne spectroradiometric measurements of the solar radiation passed through the atmosphere provides an unprecedented spectral resolution up to λ/δλ ~ 107–108 with a signal-to-noise ratio more than 100. The shape of the individual rotational line profile provides unambiguous relationship between offset from the line centre and altitude where a respective part of the line profile is formed. Therefore, an inverse problem may be posed in order to retrieve vertical distribution of wind, with retrievals vertical resolution compromised by a spectral resolution and signal-to-noise ratio of the measurements. A close coincidence between measured and synthetic absorption line is reached, with retrieved wind profile between the surface and 50 km being in a good agreement with reanalysis models. This method may pose an alternative to widely employed lidar and radar techniques.
Improving the usability of the MISR L1B2 Georectified Radiance Product (2000–present) in land surface applications
Authors: Verstraete Michel M. , Hunt Linda A. , Jovanovic Veljko M.
Published: December 2019

Abstract. The Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) instrument on NASA's Terra platform has been acquiring global measurements of the spectro-directional reflectance of the Earth since 24 February 2000 and is still operational as of this writing. The primary radiometric data product generated by this instrument is known as the Level 1B2 Georectified Radiance Product (GRP): it contains the 36 radiometric measurements acquired by the instrument's 9 cameras, each observing the planet in 4 spectral bands. The product version described here is projected on a digital elevation model and is available from the NASA Langley Atmospheric Science Data Center (ASDC) (https://doi.org/10.5067/Terra/MISR/MI1B2T_L1.003 (Jovanovic et al., 1999). The MISR instrument is highly reliable. Nevertheless, its on-board computer occasionally becomes overwhelmed by the amount of raw observations coming from the cameras' focal planes, especially when switching into or out of Local Mode acquisitions that are often requested in conjunction with field campaigns. Whenever this occurs, one or more lines of data are dropped while the computer resets and readies itself for accepting new data. Although this type of data loss is minuscule compared to the total amount of measurements acquired, and is marginal for atmospheric studies dealing with large areas and long periods of time, this outcome can be crippling for land surface studies that focus on the detailed analysis of particular scenes at specific times. This paper describes the problem, reports on the prevalence of missing data, proposes a practical solution to optimally estimate the values of the missing data and provides evidence of the performance of the algorithm through specific examples in South Africa. The software to process MISR L1B2 GRP data products as described here is openly available to the community from the GitHub web site https://github.com/mmverstraete or https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3519989.
Ground subsidence effects on simulating dynamic high-latitude surface inundation under permafrost thaw using CLM5
Authors: Ekici Altug , Lee Hanna , Lawrence David M. , Swenson Sean C. , Prigent Catherine
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Simulating surface inundation is particularly challenging
for the high-latitude permafrost regions. Ice-rich permafrost thaw can
create expanding thermokarst lakes as well as shrinking large wetlands. Such
processes can have major biogeochemical implications and feedbacks to the
climate system by altering the pathways and rates of permafrost carbon
release. However, the processes associated with it have not yet been
properly represented in Earth system models. We show a new model
parameterization that allows direct representation of surface water dynamics
in CLM (Community Land Model), the land surface model of several Earth
System Models. Specifically, we coupled permafrost-thaw-induced ground
subsidence and surface microtopography distribution to represent surface
water dynamics in the high latitudes. Our results show increased surface
water fractions around western Siberian plains and northeastern territories
of Canada. Additionally, localized drainage events correspond well to severe
ground subsidence events. Our parameterization is one of the first steps
towards a process-oriented representation of surface hydrology, which is
crucial to assess the biogeochemical feedbacks between land and the
atmosphere under changing climate.
Various aircraft routing options for air traffic simulation in the chemistry-climate model EMAC 2.53: AirTraf 2.0
Authors: Yamashita Hiroshi , Yin Feijia , Grewe Volker , Jöckel Patrick , Matthes Sigrun , Kern Bastian , Dahlmann Katrin , Frömming Christine
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Climate impact of aviation is expected to increase further. Aircraft routings are an important measure for climate impact reductions. To find an effective aircraft routing strategy for reducing the impact, the first version of the submodel AirTraf has been developed; this submodel can simulate global air traffic in the ECHAM/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) model. This paper describes the updated submodel AirTraf 2.0. Seven new aircraft routing options are introduced, including contrail avoidance, minimum economic costs, and minimum climate impact. Example simulations of the new routing options are presented by using around 100 north-Atlantic flights of an Airbus A330 aircraft for a typical winter day. The results clearly show that the family of optimum flight trajectories (three-dimensional) varies according to the routing options. The comparison of the results for various routing options reveals characteristics of the routing with respect to air traffic performances. The minimum cost option obtains a trade-off solution between the minimum time and the minimum fuel solutions. The aircraft routings for contrail avoidance and minimum climate impact reduce the potential climate impact, which is estimated by using algorithmic Climate Change Functions, whereas these two routings increase flight operating costs. A trade-off between the aircraft operating costs and the climate impact is confirmed. The simulation results are compared with literature data and the consistency of the submodel AirTraf 2.0 is verified.
Tsunami risk perception in southern Italy: first evidence from a sample survey
Authors: Cerase Andrea , Crescimbene Massimo , La Longa Federica , Amato Alessandro
Published: December 2019

Abstract. The Italian Tsunami Alert Centre of the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e
Vulcanologia (Centro di Allerta Tsunami, hereinafter CAT-INGV) supported a
computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI) survey to investigate tsunami
risk perception in two pilot regions of southern Italy. The survey was
carried out on a stratified sample of 1021 interviewees representing about
3.2 million people living in 183 coastal municipalities of the two regions,
namely Calabria and Apulia. The main goal of this research is to verify
whether and how people's perception of tsunami hazard compares to the
results of (PTHA) – probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment (TSUMAPS-NEAM
project; Basili et al., 2018). As shown by the results of this project, both
investigated regions are characterised by high tsunami hazard. Nonetheless,
the long return time of such events could lead people to consider the
occurrence of a tsunami in the Mediterranean Sea to be very unlikely. The survey results reveal that people's risk perception is low: for almost
half of the whole sample the occurrence of a tsunami in the Mediterranean
Sea is considered quite unlikely, with a clear difference between Apulia and
Calabria. In the latter region the risk perception is much higher than in
the former, probably due to the shorter time elapsed since the last event.
Also, belonging to different coastal areas1 appears to
have a significant influence on the way tsunami hazard is conceived, having
a stronger effect on risk characterisation: the interviewees of Tyrrhenian
Calabria are indeed more likely to associate tsunami risk with volcanoes than the Ionian citizens. This is coherent considering the
presence of active volcanoes and related tsunami precedents in the
Tyrrhenian. Television emerged as the most relevant source of knowledge for almost
90 % of the sample, and the influence of media also results in the way
tsunami risk is characterised. In particular, the survey showed that
people's perception and understanding of tsunamis are affected by media
accounts of large events, such as the 2004 Sumatra and the 2011 Japan
tsunamis. At the same time, it is evident that the risk posed by smaller
events is underrated. Furthermore, the survey's results show that the word
“tsunami” occupies a different semantic space in comparison to the Italian
traditional headword maremoto, with differences among sample strata. In
other words, the same physical phenomenon would be understood in two
different ways by younger, educated people and elders with a low education
level. The results of this study, although limited to two regions, provide a
first assessment of tsunami risk perception in Italy, also entailing
important consequences for both risk communication practice and mitigation
policies.
The soil fertility and leaf nutrient status in enset gardens in different altitude zones of the Gamo highlands, Ethiopia and inferences for Xanthomonas wilt prevalence
Authors: Shara Sabura , Swennen Rony , Deckers Jozef , Weldesenbet Fantahun , Vercammen Laura , Eshetu Fassil , Woldeyes Feleke , Blomme Guy , Merckx Roeland , Vancampenhout Karen
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Enset (Ensete ventricosum) is a productive, drought-tolerant and multipurpose food security crop grown in the densely populated Ethiopian highlands. Its production suffers from poor soil fertility management and a bacterial wilt disease caused by the pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum. The aim of this study was to assess soil-plant-nutrient variation within enset home gardens over three different altitudes (ranging from 2000–3000 masl) in the Chencha catchment of the Gamo highlands and investigate whether this variation affects disease prevalence. Plant available P, Ca and Mg significantly increase with decreasing elevation but significantly decline with distance from the house. In addition, soil pH, conductivity, total organic carbon (TOC), total N, available K, Mn and Fe levels significantly decline with distance from the house. This indicates that soil fertility factors are influenced by both agro-ecology and farmers' management practices. Moreover, most nutrients reach very high levels in the garden whereas the more distant outfields are severely nutrient deprived. Plant nutrient levels are not correlated to soil nutrient levels except for N. Twenty two percent of the studied farms are symptomatic for bacterial wilt and its prevalence increases with decreasing elevation. Symptomatic gardens have a higher soil pH and available P, K and Ca levels. We conclude that soil fertility management in enset gardens should be optimized in relation to agro-ecological conditions and that both elevation and soil nutrient status need to be considered when developing strategies to curb the current Xanthomonas wilt epidemic.
Identifying and quantifying geogenic organic carbon in soils – the case of graphite
Authors: Zethof Jeroen H. T. , Leue Martin , Vogel Cordula , Stoner Shane W. , Kalbitz Karsten
Published: December 2019

Abstract. A widely overlooked source of carbon (C) in the soil environment is organic
carbon (OC) of geogenic origin, e.g. graphite, occurring mostly in
metamorphic rocks. Appropriate methods are not available to quantify
graphite and to differentiate it from other organic and inorganic C sources
in soils. This methodological shortcoming also complicates studies on OC in
soils formed on graphite-containing bedrock because of the unknown
contribution of a very different soil OC source. In this study, we examined Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy,
thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and the smart combustion method for their
ability to identify and quantify graphitic C in soils. For this
purpose, several artificial soil samples with graphite, CaCO3 and plant
litter as the usual C components were created. A graphitic standard was mixed
with pure quartz and a natural soil for calibration and validation of the
methods over a graphitic C range of 0.1 % to 4 %. Furthermore, rock and soil
material from a graphite-bearing schist and a schist without natural
graphite were used for method validation. FTIR. As specific signal intensities of distinct graphite absorption bands were
missing, calibration could only be performed on general effects of graphite
contents on the energy transmitted through the samples. The use of samples
from different mineral origins yielded significant matrix effects and
hampered the prediction of geogenic graphite contents in soils. TGA. Thermogravimetric analysis, based on changes in mass loss due to
differences in thermal stabilities, is suggested as a useful method for
graphite identification, although (calcium) carbonate and graphitic C have a
similar thermal stability. However, the quantitative estimation of the
graphite contents was challenging as dehydroxylation (mass loss) of a wide
range of soil minerals occurs in a similar temperature range. Smart combustion. The method is based on measuring the release of C during a combustion
program, quantified by a non-dispersive infrared detector (NDIR) as part
of a commercial elemental analyser, whereby carbonates and graphitic C could
be separated by switching between oxic and anoxic conditions during thermal
decomposition. Samples were heated to 400 ∘C under oxygen-rich
conditions, after which further heating was done under anoxic conditions
till 900 ∘C. The residual oxidizable carbon (ROC), hypothesized to
be graphitic C, was measured by switching back to oxygenic conditions at
900 ∘C. Test samples showed promising results for quantifying
graphitic C in soils. For the purpose of quantifying graphitic C content in
soil samples, smart combustion was the most promising method of those which
have been examined in this study. However, caution should be taken with
carbonate-rich soils as increasing amounts of carbonate resulted in an
underestimation of graphitic C content.
Clouds damp the impacts of Polar sea ice loss
Authors: Alkama Ramdane , Cescatti Alessandro , Taylor Patrick C. , Garcia-San Martin Lorea , Douville Herve , Duveiller Gregory , Forzieri Giovanni , Swingedouw Didier
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Clouds plays an important role on the climate system through two main contrasting effects: (1) cooling the Earth by reflecting to space part of incoming solar radiation; (2) warming the surface by reducing the Earth’s loss of thermal energy to space. Recently, scientists have paid more attention to the warming role of clouds because of the acceleration of Arctic sea ice melting and because of recent studies that did not find any response of cloud cover fraction to reduced sea ice in summer. On the contrary, with this work based on satellite CERES data and 32 CMIP5 climate models, we reveal that the cooling role of clouds is dominant. Indeed, cloud dynamic occurring in combination with sea-ice melting plays an important cooling effect by altering the surface energy budget in an apparently contradicting way: years with less sea ice are also those that show an increase of the radiative energy reflected back to space by clouds. An increase in absorbed solar radiation when sea ice retreats (surface albedo change) explains 66 ± 2 % of the observed signal. The remaining 34 ± 1 % are due to the increase in cloud cover/thickness when sea ice retreat and associated reflection to space. This interplay between clouds and sea ice reduces by half the increase of net radiation at the surface that follows the sea-ice retreat, therefore damping the impact of polar sea ice loss. We further highlight how this process is mis-represented in some climate models.
La boca y el problema de ego
Authors: Sánchez Mayor Paula
Published: December 2019

La propuesta de este artículo es recorrer las últimas páginas de Ego sum, un libro de Jean- Luc Nancy publicado en 1979, localizando ahí el problema de la unión del alma y el cuerpo y teniendo presente la lectura de Derrida en El tocar, Jean-Luc Nancy, principalmente la crítica que hace a Nancy en relación a la boca como lugar de intersección del alma y el cuerpo. Este recorrido pretende esbozar los primeros pasos que llevan a la comprensión del sujeto en el pensamiento de Nancy.
La Persistencia del Neoplatonismo Italiano en la España de la Contrarreforma: El discurso de Marcela en 'Don Quijote' y los' Diálogos de amor' de León Hebreo
Authors: Matzkevich Hernán
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo resalta los rasgos de neoplatonismo italiano presentes en el discurso de la pastora Marcela contenido en la primera parte de Don Quijote de La Mancha. El género pastoril ofrecía un camuflaje seguro para aquellas ideas procedentes de Italia que fueron en gran medida proscritas debido a los ímpetus de la Contrarreforma que caracterizaron al período posterior a la muerte de Felipe II. El discurso de Marcela resulta por tanto una referencia solapada a los indelebles vínculos intelectuales entre los escritores españoles y los neoplatónicos del Renacimiento Italiano, más concretamente a León Hebreo y sus Diálogos de amor.
Ética y transparencia para la detección de sesgos algorítmicos de género
Authors: Benítez Eyzaguirre Lucía
Published: December 2019

La creciente importancia de los algoritmos pone en evidencia la discriminación que se registra, especialmente en género y minorías, así como la necesidad de transparencia en la aplicación de estas fórmulas frente a la opacidad de las corporaciones. A pesar de estos sesgos, en los algoritmos se apoya la toma de decisiones de casi todos los campos del conocimiento y de las actividades sociales, políticas y económicas a causa de una confianza casi ciega en los procesamientos informáticos, de un imaginario tecnológico sobre su capacidad para eliminar el error y el sesgo. El Efecto Manipulador del Motor de Búsqueda o Search Engine Manipulation Effect (SEME) (Epstein y Robertson, 2015) muestra efectos muy claros sobre el comportamiento del voto. También Caliskan y Bryson (2017) han detectado la reproducción de sesgos de género y étnicos, a partir de datos ya sesgados que conducen a desviaciones estadísticas muy importantes en el Big Data.
Construcción de la visita de Estado del presidente chino a España en la prensa española y la china: Estudio comparativo desde la perspectiva del Análisis Crítico del Discurso
Authors: Lyu Feifei
Published: December 2019

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo investigar y comparar la construcción de la visita de Estado a España del presidente chino en noviembre de 2018 en la prensa de cada país tomando como corpus los discursos periodísticos concernientes a la visita publicados por el diario chino Diario del Pueblo y el español El País. Procuramos desvelar la aplicación del cuadrado ideológico en los discursos, así como concluir las distintas ideologías escondidas valiéndonos de la propuesta del análisis ideológico de Teun van Dijk. Como resultado, descubrimos que el diario chino se caracteriza por resaltar el gran potencial de los lazos bilaterales y la contribución que ha hecho China para impulsarlos; mientras que el diario español, aparte de mostrar su confianza sobre las futuras relaciones entre China y España, cuestiona las intenciones políticas con que China realiza las cooperaciones internacionales.
The Anthropologization of Energy
Authors: Silvast Antti
Published: December 2019

The Promise of Infrastructure. Nikhil Anand, Akhil Gupta and Hannah Appel (eds), 2018.

Electrifying Anthropology: Exploring Electrical Practices and Infrastructures. Simone Abram, Brit Ross Winthereik and Thomas Yarrow (eds), 2019
Security and Identity in Jewish Utopias of the Late Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries
Authors: Smith Philip
Published: December 2019

This article seeks to examine three works of fiction: Nava Semel's Isra Isle (2005), Michael Chabon's The Yiddish Policeman's Union (2007), and Philip Jose Farmer's Jesus on Mars (1979). All three of these works imagine a Jewish state other than Israel. These works speak specifically to two fundamental questions that informed Zionist thought—that of safety and that of identity. While each novel implies skepticism toward contemporary Israel, the utopias presented, too, fail to guarantee security for the Jewish people or a solution to the “Jewish question” of cohesive identity. Each novel acknowledges the centrality of a return to Zion in Jewish culture and beliefs, suggesting that, even if Israel itself falls short of its mythic potential, the promise of a return ensures that no alternative Jewish homeland will ever provide an adequate final home.
Gandhi's Ashrams: Residential Experiments for Universal Well-Being in South Africa and India
Authors: McLain Karline
Published: December 2019

Mohandas Karamchand “Mahatma” Gandhi is known worldwide for his nonviolent fight to attain India's independence from colonial rule. Lesser known are his utopian residential experiments conducted at the intentional living communities, or ashrams, that he founded in South Africa and India during his lifetime. Residents at these ashrams engaged in small-scale experiments with the ideals and methods for living a just life that Gandhi would then apply to larger-scale social, religious, and political problems. This article focuses on the communal observances and experiments undertaken by Gandhi along with his co-residents to illuminate the evolution and enactment of Gandhi's concept of sarvodaya, “universal well-being.” It argues that voluntary self-control, which at times bled into self-sacrifice, was central to Gandhi's philosophy of sarvodaya and his utopian vision for individual and communal flourishing. It also argues that Gandhi's intentional communities were the necessary conditions for his experiments with and articulation of that philosophy.
Análisis iconográfico de las obras pictóricas de la época colonial en Guatemala (Siglos del XVI al XVIII), expuestas en el museo de arte colonial de Antigua Guatemala.
Authors: Mariana Mariana Aracely
Published: December 2019

El arte colonial Guatemalteco surge, gracias a la constante relación de los pobladores del entonces nuevo continente con aquellos provenientes del continente europeo, esto propicio los intercambios artísticos-culturales, abriendo así una nueva posibilidad de desarrollo artístico de la sociedad, lo que se ve reflejado en los avances de las bellas artes en la época, en la implementación, perfeccionamiento e interpretación de la escultura, arquitectura y pintura, incluso en la creación de talleres con artistas nacionales.

 El objetivo principal de la investigación fue desarrollar, una lectura iconográfica de las pinturas más representativas de la época de la colonia en Guatemala, comprendida del siglo XVI al XVIII y que en la actualidad se exhiben en el museo de Arte colonial de Antigua Guatemala, creando un catálogo de las obras y así contribuir con los esfuerzos de documentar el arte nacional y la creación de bibliografía, con la cual se pueda guiar a los interesados en llevar a cabo lecturas iconográficas de obras pictoricas.

 Para colocar en contexto a cualquier persona que tenga acceso a la investigación, sea experta o no en arte se cuenta con un primer capítulo con toda la información básica sobre pintura, una cronología general de las tendencias a lo largo de la historia, sus posibles composiciones, técnicas y su relación con la religión. Se agrega un marco legal, pues los saqueos a los que se ha visto expuesto el patrimonio Guatemalteco y las dificultades experimentadas en el proceso para obtener acceso a las piezas estudiadas, nos obliga a conocer más la legislación que debería garantizar la protección de estas obras artísticas. Como cuarto paso se crea un contexto histórico, para colocar en sintonía al lector, sobre lo que sucedía en el momento de la creación de las obras, y como todo esto influía directamente en el arte y los temas a representar. En el quinto capítulo encontramos la catalogación de las pinturas, agrupándolas en primer lugar por autores, luego en ciclos pictóricos o temas en común y por último la secuencia o cronología que puedan tener principalmente los ciclos, es a partir de este orden que se lleva a cabo la lectura iconográfica de cada pieza, diagramando las láminas en las cuales se presenta cada obra en tres partes, pre-iconografía, que consiste en la descripción general de la obra, Iconografía, donde se ubican, identifican y describen los personajes que integran la pintura, quienes son y sus principales atributos y por último la Iconología, que es donde se realiza una interpretación de la obra de acuerdo a la historia, el contexto histórico y la simbología encontrada dentro de la obra. Por ultimo a partir de toda la información incluida en las lecturas, se crea un resumen de la simbología encontrada en las piezas en un formato de glosario iconográfico, y que podrá ser útil para futuras lecturas.
AS OLIGARQUIAS POLÍTICAS DA PARAÍBA E O INGRESSO DAS MULHERES NOS ESPAÇOS DE PODER – O CASO DA SENADORA DANIELLA RIBEIRO
Authors: Andrade Lima Elizabeth Christina de , Sousa Cordão Michelly Pereira de
Published: December 2019

Artigo trata da continuidade do poder dos grupos oligárquicos no Estado da Paraíba. Como caso para análise, tomamos como exemplo, a família Ribeiro, hoje representada por sua figura mais ilustre: a Senadora da República, Daniella Velloso Borges Ribeiro. Tal grupo familiar exerce seu poder na cidade de Campina Grande, Estado da Paraíba, há pelo menos quarenta anos, e de lá pra cá vem se perpetuando a partir do avô, Enivaldo Ribeiro, “chefe do clã” dos Ribeiro; da avó, Virgínia Veloso Ribeiro; do filho, Aguinaldo Ribeiro; da filha, Daniella Ribeiro e do neto, Lucas Ribeiro. Ou seja, três gerações de descendentes se alternando no poder local, seja nos poderes Executivo, seja no Legislativo. Tais membros já exerceram ou exercem as funções de Prefeito, vice-Prefeito, Vereador, Deputado Estadual, Deputado Federal, Senador e Ministro de Estado. Ou seja, já ocuparam cargos nas esferas municipal, estadual e federal. O que demonstra não só a longevidade, mas a força política desse grupo familiar. Nosso intento é descrever sobre a ascensão política da hoje Senadora Daniella Ribeiro e de como ela construiu a sua “carreira” política a partir da influência e apoio de seu grupo familiar. Para tanto, realizamos entrevista aberta e semi-estruturada com Daniella Ribeiro, que a época exercia o mandato de Deputada Estadual, e que gentilmente nos recebeu em seu gabinete na Assembleia Legislativa, no dia 13 de fevereiro de 2017.
“RECORDAR É PODER”: ESTRATÉGIAS DE UMA MEMÓRIA FAMILIAR DISTINTA EM CENTENÁRIAS FAZENDAS DO CARIRI PARAIBANO
Authors: Meneses Valdênio Freitas
Published: December 2019

O artigo propõe analisar estratégias que envolvem usos da memória familiar associada a centenárias fazendas na região do Cariri Paraibano. Utilizando do exemplo das fazendas Capitão-Mor e Pitombas da família Fernandes Batista é possível analisar como, em um contexto de transformações sociais recentes, parte de uma elite rural sob ameaça de desprestígio transformou patrimônios materiais e simbólicos. Esse tema é próximo a um debate no campo de estudos das reconversões sociais, estratégias de mudança e permanência sobre capitais econômicos, culturais e simbólicos. São analisadas duas estratégias da família Fernandes Batista: uma parte dos livros de memória que destacam a escolarização de duas gerações da família. Já outra estratégia trata da conservação do patrimônio material tornando as fazendas – outrora espaços de produção econômica em museus e arquivos, ou seja,  locais de memória e culto e nostalgia de uma ordem social pecuarista passada.
A INFLUÊNCIA TENENTISTA SOBRE O 13º BATALHÃO DE CAÇADORES DE JOINVILLE NOS ACONTECIMENTOS DO MOVIMENTO DE 1930
Authors: De Souza Cássio Alexandre , Nogueira Rafael José
Published: December 2019

O artigo tem como proposta analisar a conexão entre as ideias tenentistas da década de 1920 com a adesão do 13º Batalhão de Caçadores de Joinville ao movimento de outubro de 1930, que destituiu Washington Luís e alçou no poder Getúlio Vargas. Nesse contexto serão apresentados vestígios do tenentismo no pensamento do 13º B.C., avaliando as fontes, tanto de jornais como fontes oficiais da corporação. Além de também como uma possível influência levou a participação no movimento de 1930 a partir de motivações alinhadas com o pensamento tenentista.
Stemless Humeral Implants in Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Brabston Eugene W. , Fehringer Edward V. , Owen Matthew T. , Ponce Brent A.
Published: December 2019

Through an iteration of various advancements, both short stem and stemless options for humeral fixation have been proposed and have shown clinical promise. The proposed benefits of a stemless humeral implant include greater bone preservation, less stress shielding, less risk of a diaphyseal stress riser, decreased surgical time, and less intraoperative blood loss. Potential downsides include the dependence on proximal bone quality for fixation, increased cost, the dependence on the strength of subscapularis fixation, and pending FDA approval for multiple implants. The purpose of this article is to review the evidence behind stemless implants including the biomechanical advantages and disadvantages, surgical technique, and clinical outcomes.
Macroeconomic Drivers of Private Equity Penetration in Sub-Saharan African Countries
Authors: Nkam Fonkam Mongwa , Akume Akume Daniel , Sama Molem Christopher
Published: December 2019

The objective of this study is to investigate in to the drivers of private equity penetration in Cameroon, Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya and South Africa. Secondary data was collected from private equity and venture capital data bases (CapitalIQ, Preqin, Burgiss and Mergermarket), World Bank development indicators, regional private equity and venture capital associations and country specific stock market websites. The Panel Two-Stage Least Squares Instrumental Variables (2SLS IV), Panel Corrected Standard Errors (PCSE) and Feasible Generalised Least Squares (FGLS) estimation techniques were used. This was due to potential problems of endogeneity and spherical errors of serial correlation, heteroskedasticity, cross sectional dependence and multicollinearity. The results using the 2SLS IV estimation technique show that stock market capitalisation, GDP per capita, banking credit to private sector, real exchange rate and private investments are key macroeconomic drivers of private equity penetration in the selected Sub-Saharan African countries. Inflation had negative and insignificant effect on private equity penetration in the selected countries. The results using the PCSE and FGLS estimation techniques show that the signs of all the variables remain the same as was the case in the 2SLS IV estimation technique though the magnitudes were different. However, the results of PCSE and FGLS estimation techniques show that banking credit to private sector is significant in the FGLS model while private investments is significant in the PCSE model. GDP per capita, real exchange rate, stock market capitalisation and inflation are significant in both the PCSE and FGLS estimation techniques.
(RESENHA) SZYMANSKI, Heloisa (Org.). Entrevista na Pesquisa em Educação: a prática reflexiva. 5.ed. Campinas: Autores Associados, 2018.
Authors: Silveira Fernanda Caline , Dias Elaine Teresinha Dal Mas
Published: December 2019

(RESENHA) SZYMANSKI, Heloisa (Org.). Entrevista na Pesquisa em Educação: a prática reflexiva. 5.ed. Campinas: Autores Associados, 2018.
Resenha: SILVA, Giovani José da; COSTA, Anna Maria Ribeiro F.M. da. Histórias e culturas indígenas na Educação Básica. Belo Horizonte: Autêntica, 2018. (Coleção Práticas Docentes).
Authors: Da Costa Risonete Santiago
Published: December 2019

Resenha do livro:SILVA, Giovani José da; COSTA, Anna Maria Ribeiro F.M. da.  Histórias e culturas indígenas na Educação Básica. Belo Horizonte: Autêntica, 2018. (Coleção Práticas Docentes).
Estudo sobre a premiação das áreas de segurança pública no Rio de Janeiro via método multicritério: uma aplicação do método Electre III
Authors: Basilio Marcio Pereira , Pereira Valdecy
Published: December 2019

O presente estudo aplicou um multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) para obtenção do ranking das Áreas Integradas de Segurança Pública (AISP), para fins de premiação pelo Sistema Integrado de Metas (SIM). A aplicação de um MCDA teve o objetivo de eliminar o efeito compensatório dos critérios, evitando que o sucesso em um critério compensasse o fracasso em outro. O método escolhido foi ELECTRE III (ELimination Et Choix Traduisant la REalité), pois o problema em análise adequava-se ao tipo (P.γ). Quantos aos fins, a metodologia pode ser classificada como metodológica e aplicada e quanto aos meios, bibliográfica, documental e de laboratório. Os dados foram obtidos em colaboração com a Polícia Militar do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, em janeiro de 2017, referindo-se à 12ª edição de premiação do SIM, ocorrida no primeiro semestre de 2015. A escolha desta edição deu-se pelo fato de ser a única em que onze AISPs empataram em primeiro lugar. Para efeito de geração das matrizes de concordância, discordância, credibilidade, ranking parcial e final, foi utilizado o software J-Electre. Como resultado da aplicação do método ELECTRE III, obteve-se um ranking sem empate entre as três primeiras colocações. A eliminação do efeito compensatório pode ser percebida comparando-se os resultados obtidos pelo SIM versus o ELECTRE III, onde a ordem de classificação das unidades foi alterada em 94,87%.
Viabilidade da Compra com Custo de Aquisição Maior e Prazo Menor de Estocagem: Estudo Intervencionista em Empresa de Pequeno Porte
Authors: Wernke Rodney , Lembeck Marluce , Junges Ivone
Published: December 2019

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar se é viável economicamente pagar mais caro para adquirir lote menor de insumos no âmbito de frigorífico de pequeno porte. Para essa finalidade foi utilizada metodologia classificável como qualitativa de intervenção. Como resultado foi possível confrontar o aumento no custo de compra de uma carcaça de suíno entre as duas opções dadas pelo fornecedor do insumo, com a alteração respectiva gerada no custo financeiro da estocagem das mesmas, o que proporcionaria a economia de R$ 2,84 se adotada a segunda opção de compra (preço unitário de compra maior para lote com quantidade menor de unidades). Este resultado considera que ao manter estoque para 60 dias (mesmo se comprado por preço inferior), a empresa teria custo financeiro da estocagem de R$ 6,54. Porém, se optasse por comprar lote com quantidade menor, o custo financeiro da estocagem seria de R$ 0,42 e viabilizaria esta modalidade de compra, pois supera o valor do aumento no custo de compra unitário entre a situação inicial e a simulada.
Network characteristics of volleyball teams in Brazil: amateurism and professionalism
Authors: Lara de Siqueira João Paulo , Telles Renato , M. Queiroz Maciel , Yoshihiro Hamaji Edison , Gomes Ferreira Gabriel
Published: December 2019

Objective of the study: This study aims to investigate the characteristics of the networks of volleyball teams in Brazilian context, in amateur and professional level.Methodology/Approach: This research adopted an interpretive paradigm, in which six Brazilian volleyball teams were studied. The techniques of data collection were qualitative and encompassed interviews, analysis of information available in the press and on websites and observation.Originality/Relevance: Prior literature has not investigated in-depth with the lens of the networks theory, the sports organizations at an amateur and professional level, considering the firms’ life cycle. To address this gap, considering that, similar to the life cycle of firms, amateurism and professionalism are specific strategic contexts.Main results: Our findings indicated that actor’s of team’s networks could be divided into two groups, one linked to sports and other to administrative activities. Additionally, teams’ networks have in common the fact that paid team members perform activities related to the sport itself.Theoretical/Methodological contributions: The fact that Superliga B has more collaborations obtained by personal contacts, while  Superliga A teams build a more calculated network, meet the propositions made in this study and are aligned to the general idea of the work of Hite and Hesterly (2001) about changes in firm’s network and firm’s life cycle.  Social contribution/for management: The main implications for management indicated that, whether companies or volleyball teams, should align their networks with the current life cycle stage. If a volleyball team plans to become professional, it should be aware of the need to adapt the network to a new division.
ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA ENTRE MÉTODOS DE CONTROLE APLICADOS PARA ATENUAÇÃO DE VIBRAÇÕES EM UMA SUSPENSÃO AUTOMOTIVA
Authors: Roéfero Luiz   Gustavo   Pereira , Chavarette Fábio   Roberto , Moro Thiago Carreta , Outa Roberto
Published: December 2019

Automotive suspension is one of the equipment present in a vehicle and is used to preserve its structural integrity. When used, this device uses passive actuation elements (usually springs and dampers) to perform vibration attenuation, however some companies, including Audi, have been using a semi-active control for the same function claiming that there are gains over conventional systems. . Another method commonly used in automotive suspensions is active controls, already applied to Formula 1 by Willians in 1992. This work is dedicated to the study and evaluation of the difference in behavior of an automotive suspension when subjected to each of the three control methods.
BIOCARVÃO DO BIOSSÓLIDO DA ESTAÇÃO DE TRATAMENTO DE ESGOTO DE PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE-SP
Authors: Paulino Evelin   Koyama , Pinto Melissa   Arantes , Macena Daniel   Ângelo , Lima Angelica  Caroline , Santana Elida  Moreira de  Lima , Souza Janardelly Gomes De , Alves Marcelo Rodrigo
Published: December 2019

Biosolidis a material rich in organic matter and other nutrients of agronomic importance such as nitrogen and phosphorus. Its end is almost always in landfills. Therefore, its transformation into biochar by the pyrolysis process would be a way to associate its inherent benefits to biochar, enabling a more appropriate final destination. Given this work the objective was to produce biochar in order to evaluate the viability of use in agriculture. The biochar was produced on a laboratory scale at different temperatures and therefore the characterization of the final product was performed. As a result, the material has proven to be rich in organic matter as temperature increases, thinning the material and increasing the specific surface making the alkaline pH serving as carbon sequestration. Thus, with the constant concern of sewage sludge
47Colloquium Exactarum, v. 11, n4, Out-Dez. 2019, p.46 –61. DOI: 10.5747/ce.2019.v11.n4.e296production, biochar proved to be more efficient than pure sewage sludge for agricultural application.
DETECÇÃO DE FALHAS ESTRUTURAIS DE UM PRÉDIO DE DOIS ANDARES UTILIZANDO SISTEMA IMUNOLÓGICO ARTIFICIA
Authors: Moro Thiago Carreta , Chavarette Fábio Roberto , Roéfero Luiz Gustavo Pereira , Outa Roberto
Published: December 2019

This work presents the innovative proposal for the development of SHMs with focus on physical cyber systems applied in a two-story building based on Intelligent Computing (CI) techniques, the negative selection algorithm from the Artificial Immune System, to perform the analysis and monitoring of structural integrity in a building.
DIAGNÓSTICO AMBIENTAL DOS AFLUENTES DO CÓRREGO DO LAJEADO NO MUNÍCIPIO DE PIRAPOZINHO –SP
Authors: Pinto Melissa   Arantes , Rodrigues Vitoria   Marta   Venancio , Souza Bianca Soares  de , Maria Yeda  Ruiz , Felici Elson  Mendonca , Balarim Nelissa Garcia , Fuzeto Isabela   Marega   Rigolin , Hespanhol Rafael   Medeiros , Guaberto Luciana Machado
Published: December 2019

The environmental diagnosis of the tributaries of the Lajeado Stream tributaries in Pirapozinho / SP is a study that will evaluate the characteristics of the natural environment, as well as the interactions and interferences caused by anthropogenic activities in the environment and the impacts resulting from these actions. This characterization will be done through visual on-site surveys, laboratory analysis and literature searches that allow a better understanding of the behavior of a watershed in face of external factors. In this sense, we evaluate procedures such as soil use and occupation, water quality, environmental valuation, development of vegetative areas, soil qualification, among other aspects. Thus, the interpretation of the quality of the natural resources raised and their interference will support an assessment of which identified impacts are likely to be mitigated in order to employ the necessary recovery and improvement technologies in the area.