bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Short Communication: First record of Hirschmanniella mucronata (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Indarti Siwi , Soffan Alan , MAULANA FARDANI ANDRASMARA MUHAMMAD
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Indarti S, Soffan A, Andrasmara MMF. 2020. Short Communication: First record of Hirschmanniella mucronata (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2068-2073. Hirschmanniella spp. is one of the worldwide plant-parasitic nematodes affecting major losses in rice production and impact up to 25% yield losses especially on irrigated rice. Infection of Hirschmanniella spp. on the root system leading to the typical symptom of red color in the rice rooting system. In order to identify the species variation of Hirschmanniella spp. from the collected samples in Yogyakarta Province of Indonesia, a molecular-based identification using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method was conducted, complemented by morphological identification technique. PCR based identification was carried out by amplifying the area of ​​28S rRNA using universal nematode primer (D2A / D3B) which resulting about 766 bp of amplicon. Blastx analysis from Genbank showed that Cangkringan sample confirmed to be H. mucronata species, while other samples from Banguntapan and Imogiri were H. oryzae species. The Cangkringan samples of H. mucronata have 97.5 % similarities with Belgium sample, forming separate clades with other samples. While both Banguntapan and Imogiri samples have the 99 % similarity with H. oryzae and were located in the same clade, but separated from Cangkringan sample. Morphological identification confirmed both species were distinctly based on the unique characters of the tail tips. H. mucronata therefor is the first report nematode species in Indonesian rice field. Precaution should be designed to prevent the potential distribution of H. mucronata to other areas.
The identification of plant reliefs in the Lalitavistara story of Borobudur temple, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Metusala Destario , Fauziah  , Lestari Dewi Ayu , JANIS DAMAIYANI  , SHOFIYATUL MAS’UDAH  , HARI SETYAWAN
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Metusala D, Fauziah, Lestari DA, Damaiyani J, Mas’udah S, Setyawan H. 2020. The identification of plant reliefs in the Lalitavistara story of Borobudur temple, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2206-2215. The Lalitavistara sutra is one of the central texts in the Mahayana tradition and it describes the life of the Buddha. This sutra has been carved in a good detail into 120 relief panels. These reliefs showed many plant figures that have often been carved in proper shape, so that made it possible for identification. The identification results showed that there were at least 63 species of plants in the Lalitavistara relief at Borobudur and these more various than species mentioned in the Lalitavistara sutra. Some species even only be found on reliefs but not in the text. These findings have indicated several important points; (i). the ancient Javanese community at that time already had a high awareness of the plant diversity, (ii). the plant figures as component in building atmosphere/background have been used by the carver as an opportunity for improvisation, (iii). the plant reliefs in Borobudur can be seen to reflect the surrounding plant diversity at the time, and (iv). the identification of plant reliefs in Borobudur can be used as an approach to understand the perspective of an ancient Javanese community on the importance of plant diversity.
Distribution survey of Kloss’s Gibbons (Hylobates klosii) in Mentawai Islands, Indonesia
Authors: ARIF SETIAWAN  , CHRISTIAN SIMANJUNTAK  , ISMAEL SAUMANUK  , DAMIANUS TATEBURUK  , YOAN DINATA  , DARMAWAN LISWANTO  , ANJAR RAFIASTANTO
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Setiawan A, Simanjuntak C, Saumanuk I, Tateburuk D, Dinata Y, Liswanto D, Rafiastanto A. 2020. Distribution survey of Kloss’s Gibbons (Hylobates klosii) in Mentawai Islands, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2224-2232. The aim of this study was to assess the population density, distribution, habitats, and threats of Kloss’s gibbon (Hylobates klossii) in the Mentawai Islands, Indonesia. In 2011-2012 we conducted a survey on Siberut Island, outside of the National Park, as well as a short visit to Sipora, North Pagai, and South Pagai. From March to September 2017, we surveyed once again some previous localities on the Siberut and Sipora islands to keep up to date with recent developments on the ground. On Siberut we used an auditory sampling method through fixed point counts, combined with line transects, to estimate the gibbon densities. In total, 113-morning calls were recorded from 13 Listening Points; 75 of these were used for density calculations. We recorded 35 individuals based on direct sightings during 66.4 km of transect distance walked. We found 13 localities outside of Siberut National Park that still have Kloss's gibbons; densities varied between 1.04group/km2 to 4.16 group/km2. No gibbons were found and heard during the short survey in Sipora and South Pagai, though we found a group of gibbons in North Pagai. Our 2017 survey revealed massive habitat changes in South Siberut. Previously existing forest localities in South Siberut were gone due to road construction, agriculture expansion, and logging.
Potential mitochondrial diversity role in the productivity of three lines of Japanese quails
Authors: HUSSEIN TAMADHUR , Al-Shuhaib Mohammed Baqur , AL-THUWAINI TAHREER M.
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Hussein TH, Al-Shuhaib MBS, Al-Thuwaini TM. 2020. Potential mitochondrial diversity role in the productivity of three lines of Japanese quails. Biodiversitas 21: 2258-2265. This study was conducted to identify the mitochondrial D-loop genetic diversity in three lines of Japanese quails that differ in productive performance. A total of 223 quails consisting of 54, 84, and 85 of black (control line), white (egg-producing line), and brown (meat-producing line) quails respectively were genotyped by PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). The genetic and phylogenetic differences within and among quails’ populations were analyzed. Three different SSCP banding patterns were observed in black and brown quails, while white quails exhibited six different SSCP-banding patterns. Sequencing reactions confirmed the presence of 12 haplotypes with 48 variations distributed among the studied birds. The white line exhibited the most diverse nucleotide variability, followed by the brown, and black lines respectively. The mean diversity for all populations was mainly due to within-population variation (71.6%), while among-population variation accounted for much less value (28.4%). Tajima’s D test showed significant values for both productive white (2.45680) and brown (3.07723) lines. In conclusion, this study suggested a wide nucleic acid variation in the investigated egg productive line than the meat productive line respectively compared with the black line control, implying a positive correlation between mitochondrial variability and productive performance.
Biodiversity of nekton in Batangtoru River and its tributaries in North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Desrita Desrita , AHMAD MUHTADI  , RUSDI LEIDONALD  , RINA D’RITA SIBAGARIANG  , NURFADILLAH
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Desrita, Muhtadi A, Leidonald R, Sibagaring RD, Nurfadillah 2020. Biodiversity of nekton in Batangtoru River and its tributaries in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2344-2352. Batangtoru River which flows from the Tapanuli highlands (i.e., Sipirok, Tarutung, Siborong-borong, and Silangit) to the southwestern Indian Ocean is an important habitat for aquatic organisms in the western region of North Sumatra. This research was done to provide basic data on biodiversity of aquatic organisms in Indonesia, especially North Sumatra. The study was conducted in July-August 2019. Nekton was captured using backpack electrofishing units (12 volts and 9 Amperes), traps, nets, and bamboo trap. This study found 68 nekton species, consisting of fish (57 species), crab (3), shrimp (6), lobster (1), and 1 freshwater turtle (1). In general, nekton found in the Batangtoru River and its tributaries are native and economically valuable fish (Tor and eel), including the newly discovered species, which was, Hemibagrus caveatus. Invasive fish found consisted of 6 species, i.e., Cyprinus carpio, Oreochromis mossambicus, Oreochromis niloticus, Xiphophorus helleri, Hypostomus plecostomus, and Trichogaster pectoralis. The only invasive crustacean found was freshwater crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus).
The diversity in nutritional profile of farmed edible bird’s nests from several regions in Indonesia
Authors: Elfita Lina , IETJE WIENTARSIH  , DONDIN SAJUTHI  , INDRA BACHTIAR  , HUDA SHALAHUDIN DARUSMAN
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Elfita L, Wientarsih I, Sajuthi D, Bachtiar I, Darusman HS. 2020. The diversity in nutritional profile of farmed edible bird’s nests from several regions in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2362-2368.  Edible bird’s nest (EBN) is produced by certain swiftlet species mainly Aerodramus fuciphagus. This study aimed to compare the composition of proximate, nitrite, nitrate, amino acid and protein profiles of EBNs collected from different regions in Indonesia (West Sumatra, South Sumatra, West Java, West Kalimantan, Central Sulawesi, and Southeast Sulawesi). The results showed that the order of proximate composition was protein (53.09-56.25%) > carbohydrate (19.57-23.04%) > moisture (17.08-21.50%) > ash (5.44-6.25%) > fat (0.07-0.57%). Nitrite and nitrate contents were 3.11-18.28 ppm and 650.11-1051.06 ppm, respectively. Amino acid analysis found that EBNs contained 18 amino acids, composed of ten essential amino acids and eight non-essential amino acids. Aspartic acid content of EBNs from West Sumatra and West Kalimantan (4.21 and 3.27%, respectively) were much higher than the one found in other regions, which was on the range of 0.32-0.37%. SDS-PAGE analysis demonstrated that majority of EBNs possessed seven protein bands with molecular weight range of 19.6 to 82.7 kDa. However, EBNs from West Sumatra and West Kalimantan showed abundant of protein with molecular weight of approximately 34.0 kDa. Thus, EBNs collected from different regions in Indonesia showed different nutritional profiles.
Birefringence properties of anti-resonant octagonal-core and nodeless hollow-core fibers
Authors: Leonov Stanislav O. , Yelistratova Elizaveta A. , Demidov Vladimir V. , Pryamikov Andrey D.
Published: May 2020

We present experimental results of birefringence property measurements for two types of negative curvature anti-resonant hollow-core fibers (AR-HCFs). Both AR-HCFs have a core of 50 µm in diameter, providing an effective area of the fundamental guided mode larger than

1000

µ

m

2

. Measurements were carried out at wavelengths of 2.25, 2.35, and 2.45 µm. The obtained results demonstrate that both fiber types have birefringence axes that do not correspond to core symmetry axes. The proposed technique for the birefringence axes orientation measurement could be applied to other kinds of HCFs at various wavelengths.
From 25  Gb/s to 50  Gb/s TDM PON: transceiver architectures, their performance, standardization aspects, and cost modeling
Authors: Harstead Ed , Bonk Rene , Walklin Sheldon , van Veen Dora , Houtsma Vincent , Kaneda Noriaki , Mahadevan Amitkumar , Borkowski Robert
Published: May 2020

Standardization activities are nearly complete for single wavelength 25 Gb/s time-division multiplexed (TDM) passive optical networks (PONs) and well underway for 50 Gb/s TDM PONs. There is considerable debate in the industry about which technology will be the “next step” after 10 Gb/s TDM PON, now finally starting to ramp up to mass deployment. 50 Gb/s PON clearly brings a

2

×

bandwidth advantage over 25 Gb/s, at least in the downstream direction. On the other hand, the increase of speed to 50 Gb/s brings with it a substantial receiver sensitivity penalty of at least 4 dB, which has a chain effect on transceiver architecture, cost, and time-to-market. In this paper, each of those elements is investigated, quantified, and compared to 25 Gb/s.
Non-interferometric technique to realize vector beams embedded with polarization singularities
Authors: Kumar Praveen , Pal Sushanta Kumar , Nishchal Naveen K. , Senthilkumaran P.
Published: May 2020

In this paper, we present a simple and flexible non-interferometric
method to generate various polarization singularity lattice fields.
The proposed method is based on a double modulation technique that
uses a single reflective spatial light modulator to generate different
lattice structures consisting of  V-point and C-point polarization
singularities. The present technique is compact with respect to
previous experimental realization techniques. Different structures
having star and lemon fields are generated without altering the
experimental setup. In addition, the same setup can be used to obtain
different types of inhomogeneous fields embedded with isolated
polarization singularities even of higher orders. The Stokes
polarimetry method has been used to obtain the polarization
distributions of generated fields, which are in good agreement with
simulated results.
Piezo-electric transducer actuated mirror with a servo bandwidth beyond 500 kHz
Authors: Nakamura Takuma , Tani Shuntaro , Ito Isao , Endo Mamoru , Kobayashi Yohei
Published: May 2020

We demonstrate a novel system that uses a piezoelectric transducer (PZT)-actuated mirror for laser stabilization. A combination of a simple mechanical design and electronic circuits is used to realize an ultra-flat frequency response, which enables an effective feedback bandwidth of 500 kHz. The PZT also performed well when used in a mode-locked laser with a GHz repetition rate, to which it is difficult to apply an electro-optic modulator (EOM).
Plasmon-assisted random lasing from a single-mode fiber tip
Authors: Khatri Dipendra S. , Li Ying , Chen Jiyang , Stocks Anna Elizabeth , Kwizera Elyahb Allie , Huang Xiaohua , Argyropoulos Christos , Hoang Thang
Published: May 2020

Random lasing occurs as the result of a coherent optical feedback from multiple scattering centers. Here, we demonstrate that plasmonic gold nanostars are efficient light scattering centers, exhibiting strong field enhancement at their nanotips, which assists a very narrow bandwidth and highly amplified coherent random lasing with a low lasing threshold. First, by embedding plasmonic gold nanostars in a rhodamine 6G dye gain medium, we observe a series of very narrow random lasing peaks with full-width at half-maximum ∼ 0.8 nm. In contrast, free rhodamine 6G dye molecules exhibit only a single amplified spontaneous emission peak with a broader linewidth of 6 nm. The lasing threshold for the dye with gold nanostars is two times lower than that for a free dye. Furthermore, by coating the tip of a single-mode optical fiber with gold nanostars, we demonstrate a collection of random lasing signal through the fiber that can be easily guided and analyzed. Time-resolved measurements show a significant increase in the emission rate above the lasing threshold, indicating a stimulated emission process. Our study provides a method for generating random lasing in the nanoscale with low threshold values that can be easily collected and guided, which promise a range of potential applications in remote sensing, information processing, and on-chip coherent light sources.
Adaptive ghost imaging
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Yin He , Li Rui , Hong Jiaying , Ai Shengnan , Zhang Wenxin , Wang Chengming , Hsieh Juicheng , Li Qin , Xue Ping
Published: May 2020

Traditional ghost imaging applies correlated algorithms to reconstruct the image of an object. However, it fundamentally requires some spatial distributions of the correlated light beam, e.g. random illumination, which hardly exists in reality. Here, different from the localized analysis used in the traditional ghost imaging, a spatial and temporal global analysis of the whole measurements is proposed. Therefore, we demonstrate a new ghost imaging modality, called adaptive ghost imaging (AGI), that utilizes the difference of successive frames as the correlation pattern to generate the image. As a result, AGI can work with any varying illuminations including, but not limited to, random illumination. We believe that AGI will make the ghost imaging easier, more applicable and closer to reality.
Determination of effective parameters of fishnet metamaterials with vortex based interferometry
Authors: Cao Wei , Gao Jie , Yang Xiaodong
Published: May 2020

Metamaterials are artificially engineered structures that have unique properties not usually found in natural materials, such as negative refractive index. Conventional interferometry or ellipsometry is generally used for characterizing the optical properties of metamaterials. Here, we report an alternative optical vortex based interferometric approach for the characterization of the effective parameters of optical metamaterials by directly measuring the transmission and reflection phase shifts from metamaterials according to the rotation of vortex spiral interference pattern. The fishnet metamaterials possessing positive, zero and negative refractive indices are characterized with the vortex based interferometry to precisely determine the complex values of effective permittivity, permeability, and refractive index. Our results will pave the way for the advancement of new spectroscopic and interferometric techniques to characterize optical metamaterials, metasurfaces, and nanostructured thin films in general.
Estimation and compensation of phase errors induced by axial bulk motion of a sample in wavelength-sweeping parallel Fourier domain OCT
Authors: Lee Kye-Sung , Hur Hwan , Kim I. Jong , Kim Dong Uk , Bae Ji Yong , Je Soonkyu , Chang Ki Soo
Published: May 2020

We report a new, to the best of our knowledge, approach to correct image blurring due to the axial bulk motion of a sample in wavelength-sweeping Fourier domain parallel optical coherence tomography (OCT). This approach can estimate phase errors changing rapidly in time through direct measurements of the apparent axial shift during the sampling interval using common phase changes in parallel detection without additional hardware. To demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm, a single reflection and scattering sample were imaged with wavelength-sweeping parallel OCT implemented by scanning a spectrally dispersed line-field along the line direction. In addition, we quantitatively demonstrated that even a small axial movement of the sample could cause serious image blur at a high nonlinear degree of movement.
Loss-compensated slow-light fiber Bragg grating with 22-km/s group velocity
Authors: Vigneron Pierre-Baptiste , Boilard Tommy , Balliu Enkeleda , Broome Anna L. , Bernier Martin , Digonnet Michel J. F.
Published: May 2020

This Letter reports the behavior of the slow-light resonances of a strong apodized fiber Bragg grating (FBG) in which the intrinsic loss is compensated for by a small internal gain. The 6.5-mm FBG, written with a femtosecond laser in an Er-doped single-mode fiber, was pumped at

∼

1475

n
m

just below the lasing threshold to offset most of its intrinsic loss, thereby narrowing its resonances. The fundamental slow-light resonance was measured to have a linewidth of 8.5 fm, or a record group velocity of

∼

22

k
m

/

s

, and a peak transmission near unity (

−

0.2

d
B

). The measured dependencies of the linewidth and peak transmission on pump power agree well with a new model that predicts the transmission spectrum of loss-compensated FBGs in the presence of pump and signal saturation.
Single-shot structured-light-field three-dimensional imaging
Authors: Cai Zewei , Pedrini Giancarlo , Osten Wolfgang , Liu Xiaoli , Peng Xiang
Published: May 2020

This Letter reports an approach to single-shot three-dimensional (3D) imaging that is combining structured illumination and light-field imaging. The sinusoidal distribution of the radiance in the structured-light field can be processed and transformed to compute the angular variance of the local radiance difference. The angular variance across the depth range exhibits a single-peak distribution trend that can be used to obtain the unambiguous depth. The phase computation that generally requires the acquisition of multi-frame phase-shifting images is no longer mandatory, thus enabling single-shot structured-light-field 3D imaging. The proposed approach was experimentally demonstrated through a dynamic scene.
Ultrafast internal modification of glass by selective absorption of a continuous-wave laser into excited electrons
Authors: Miyamoto Naoyuki , Ito Yusuke , Wei Chaoran , Yoshizaki Reina , Shibata Akihiro , Nagasawa Ikuo , Nagato Keisuke , Sugita Naohiko
Published: May 2020

The internal modification of glass using ultrashort pulse lasers has been attracting attention in a wide range of applications. However, the remarkably low processing speed has impeded its use in the industry. In this study, we achieved ultrafast internal modification of glass by coaxially focusing a single-pulse femtosecond laser and continuous-wave (CW) laser with the wavelength that is transparent to the glass. Compared with the conventional method, the processing speed increased by a factor of 500. The observation of high-speed phenomena revealed that the CW laser was absorbed by the seed electrons that were generated by the femtosecond laser pulse. This technique may help expand the applications of femtosecond lasers in the industry.
O método direto no ensino de línguas estrangeiras no Colégio Pedro II na década de 1930
Authors: Chaguri Jonathas de Paula , Machado Maria Cristina Gomes
Published: May 2020

O objeto deste texto é apresentar como se constituiu o uso do método direto nas aulas de línguas estrangeiras no ensino secundário brasileiro no Colégio Pedro II ao longo da década de 1930. O responsável por implementar esse método, no ensino secundário, foi o professor-chefe de francês Antônio Carneiro Leão do Colégio Pedro II. A implantação deste método no programa do ensino das línguas estrangeiras no Pedro II possibilitou a superação do modelo de uma escola tradicional que enfatizava um ensino de línguas estrangeiras de forma livresco. Isso ocorreu devido o engajamento no ideário de uma escola ativa, que buscou fortalecer as capacidades do educando para o meio de produção, mediante atividades que atendessem as suas necessidades, de forma funcional.
A Revista Infância e Juventude e os debates em torno do Plano Nacional de Educação de 1936 a 1937
Authors: Camara Sônia , Nunes Cinthya de Oliveira
Published: May 2020

O artigo objetiva analisar as ideias que, publicadas na Revista Infância e Juventude, colaboraram na promoção de debates em torno da elaboração do projeto do Plano Nacional de Educação durante os anos de 1936 a 1937. Constituindo-se em um periódico mensal a serviço da escola e do lar, a revista circulou de maio de 1936 a dezembro de 1937, congregando em seus quadros intelectuais educadores envolvidos com a produção de reflexões acerca de temas candentes à educação brasileira. Para efeito deste artigo, interessa captar a participação dos intelectuais, partícipes da Associação Brasileira de Educação (ABE), que utilizaram a revista como veículo de difusão e construção de opinião, veiculando concepções e tomando posição em defesa da educação e da cultura nacional.
Effectiveness of nursing interventions on level of anxiety, stress, and depression of elderly patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy
Authors: Refaat Alam Raefa , Ibrahim Elemam Elashri Neamit
Published: May 2020

Background: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy is a widely used procedure in medicine today. It is the diagnosis and treatment of choice among elderly patients with upper gastrointestinal disorders. Thus anxiety, stress, and depression of adverse out-come or side effect and discomfort regarding endoscopy reduce the patientâ€™s acceptance ability. Effective procedure ex-planation and safety measures have positively impact on decrease level of anxiety, stress, and depression and improve elderly patientâ€™s general health conditionÂ Aim: Evaluate effectiveness of nursing interventions on level of anxiety, stress and depression of elderly patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.Â Design: A quasi experimental study design with pre and post procedure was used.Setting: The study was conducted at Gastrointestinal Surgery Center (GISC) (Endoscopy Unit) Mansoura UniversityÂ Subjects: A convenient sample of 76 elderly patients undergoing GIT endoscopy. Data collected over a period of 9 months from first of May 2019 at the end of January 2020.Tools: Three tools were used: Socio Demographic Characteristics and Clinical Data Structured Interview Schedule, Depression, Anxiety and Stress scales (DASS-21), and Endoscopic Nursing interventions.Results: The study results revealed that statistically significant improvement in all aspects of elderly patient's anxiety score at pre and post nursing intervention (p<0.001). There were significant improvements of level of stress from pre and post implementation of nursing intervention to endoscopy (p<0.05). Also, there was a statistically significant difference in the pre, and posttest mean score of depression (p<0.05). Statistically significant differences regarding all sociodemographic characteristics within the studied subjects and their total mean score of anxiety, stress, and depression.Conclusion A clear and noticeable improvement in the mean score of anxiety, stress and depression of all studied subject after the implementation of the endoscopic nursing interventions than before.Recommendation: Replication of this study is highly recommended on a large representative probability sample to achieve generalizable results.Â
Maintaining Sustainability of Tourism Kampong. The Case of Kampong Pelangi in Semarang
Authors: SARI Suzanna Ratih , HENDRO Eko Punto , HILMY Muhammad Fariz
Published: May 2020

In the beginning, Kampong Pelangi in Semarang was a slum area, then it creatively changed as an interesting tourist attraction. The community of tourism awareness called pokdarwis has formed to manage tourism activities in the village. Nonetheless, pokdarwis, which should have an important role in the development of tourism, in fact, it is getting fainter. Even today, it can be said that pokdarwis role is no longer significant as each community has initiated to carry out tourism activities and promote Kampong Pelangi tourism independently, in which the impact of tourism is no longer felt by the community as a whole but rather the individual community itself. Based on the above phenomenon, this study was conducted to identify obstacles experienced by pokdarwis in maintaining the sustainability of tourism in Kampong Pelangi. Using qualitative methods, the research outcome will be a tourism development strategy related to strengthening the role of pokdarwis in Kampong Pelangi.
Teaching to Transgress: Subjective Educational Experience in the Model of Engaged Pedagogy of Bell Hooks (Gloria Jean Watkins)
Authors: Drozdowicz Jarema
Published: May 2020

The African-American scholar bell hooks is a well known figure in the Western academic milieu. This article makes an attempt at presenting the model of engaged pedagogy represented in hook’s works and her public appearances. This is done by highlighting the issue of subjective experience in the educational setting. Hook’s concept of race and gender is brought to attention to present the aforementioned issue within the broader context of her socio-cultural concepts she is known for. The outcome of this reconstruction shows us that the model of engaged pedagogy is developed by hooks into a wide set of postulates of structural change of the American schooling system, as well systems in other parts of the world. Therefore, it seems plausible to put her works within the tradition of critical pedagogy as found in the works of Paulo Freire and others.
Systemic therapy – A practical implementation of systemic thinking
Authors: Ludewig Kurt
Published: May 2020

A summary presentation of the historic development of systemic therapy as the follow-up to family therapies, with the usage of new metatheoretical thinking from the constructivist point of view is followed by a description of the material theoretical conditions of this psychotherapeutic approach, with particular consideration for the theories of cognition and autopoiesis by Chilean biologist Humberto Maturana as well as the sociological system theory according to German sociologist Niklas Luhmann. This is followed by an understanding of interaction systems with respect to the theory of therapy, as developed by the author – the member concept, as well as a system-theoretical adequate conceptualisation of psychical systems. The work ends with a short presentation of the implementation of the described theoretical concepts in systemic therapy practice.
The issue of social situation of homosexual women as a potential for using eclectic research
Authors: Dziarnowska Marta
Published: May 2020

Scientists practicing social sciences issues more and more often undertake constructing and performing eclectic research projects. Nowadays, qualitative and quantitative approaches are thought to be equivalent. Their results can be characterized by complementarity, facilitation and/or triangulation. The article presents two research papers – quantitative which is represented by a report titled ‘Social situation of LGBTA people in Poland. Report 2015-2016’ written by organizations supporting LGBTQIA environments – and quantitative master thesis titled ‘The quality of life of homosexual women – cases study’. These projects arose in similar time, but they were developed and conducted independently. Compared results are connected to issues of functioning of homosexual women in a range of identical or approximate categories of both studies. The main aim of the article is to show the validity of quantitative and qualitative trends connection on the example of presented papers – despite of distinctiveness of these two conceptions their results illustrate each other in many questions. The quantitative publication pictures the scale of the phenomenon while the qualitative one gives the context of gathered data. In presented text it is shown not only how the results complement one another, but also how they mutually verify and give a possibility to widen the cafeteria of dependent variables or categories of thematic-notions frame.The secondary aim of the paper is to outline the problematic aspects of functioning of homosexual women in environments and social groups to which they belong. The article is rich in references that discusses in details mentioned issues; these are: an attitude toward public institutions and condipolitics in Poland, conditions of sexual orientation openness, professional, family and social relations, same-sexrelationships and a violence motivated by prejudices. The awareness of benefits from using the eclectic approach in examining social phenomena can arise the cognitive value of research projects and as an effect increase effectiveness of actions in favour of nonheteronormative individuals.
Residents as teachers: optimizing the benefit of a difficult airway management simulation session
Authors: Jirativanont Tachawan , Phoowanakulchai Sirima , Waitayawinyu Pichaya , Suphathamwit Aphichat , Apidechakul Parichad , Raksamani Kasana
Published: May 2020

Background

Simulation is widely used in airway management training.

Objectives

To show that assigning anesthesia residents’ simulation educator roles improved cognitive learning outcomes.

Methods

Postgraduate second- and third-year (PGY-2 and PGY-3) anesthesia residents were randomly assigned to three groups: a teacher group (T), a hot-seat (active participant) group (H), and an observer group (O). After a train-the-trainer session, the T group prepared simulation scenarios for difficult airway management and then conducted the simulation sessions and post-session debriefing. The H group participated in the scenarios, and the O group observed the sessions. All participants attended the post-session debriefing. Evaluation was conducted at pretest, immediate posttest, and 3 months (retention test). Score differentiation and average normalized gain were calculated. Participants completed a post-simulation class survey.

Results

Participants were 49 residents (PGY-2 = 24, PGY-3 = 25). The T group had the highest posttest score (17.06 ± 1.23); this score significantly differed from the O group (14.75 ± 2.57, P = 0.003) but not the H group (15.64 ± 1.54, P = 0.103). The average normalized gain was significantly higher in the T group than in the H and O groups (0.51 ± 0.22, 0.18 ± 0.32, and 0.17 ± 0.47, respectively; P = 0.012). Participants retained knowledge at 3 months after the session, with no significant differences among the groups. Most participants (45%) preferred to be active scenario participants, and 20% preferred to teach. Overall satisfaction was high in all groups.

Conclusion

This study showed that a teaching role can be effectively applied for residents in simulation-based education on difficult airway management to support better learning outcomes.
Stability of natural polyphenol fisetin in eye drops Stability of fisetin in eye drops
Authors: Krajčíková Kristína , Suváková Mária , Glinská Gabriela , Ohlasová Jana , Tomečková Vladimíra
Published: May 2020

Fisetin is a polyphenolic compound with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Inflammation and reactive oxygen species play a major role in the pathophysiology of the dry eye syndrome (DES). Patients with DES undergo symptomatic treatment using eye drops known as artificial tears. Addition of fisetin into the eye drops could result in a better recovery of the eye surface. This experimental study examines the stability of fisetin in selected eye drops (Arufil, Hypromelóza-P, Ocutein, Refresh). Absorption spectra of fisetin were measured in selected eye drops, dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO), deionized water and normal saline solution (NSS) during a period of four weeks. The fisetin absorption maximum was placed at 350 – 390 nm depending on the solvent. Good stability of fisetin solutions were observed in DMSO and deionized water. The highest stability of fisetin in selected eye drops was observed in Hypromelóza-P. Irreversible fisetin structural changes were detected in Arufil, Ocutein, Refresh and NSS. For further clinical evaluation, fisetin solution in Hypromelóza-P could be examined.
Synthesis of amorphous aluminosilicate from impure Indonesian kaolin
Authors: Hartati Hartati , Purwaningsih Aning , Tjahjandarie Tjitjik Srie , Saputri Nastiti Heru , Puspitasari Ika Septiani , Lamanele Christina Natalia , Sa’adah Amalia Ayu , Haque Arini Sabilal , Mardho Dea Zaqiatul
Published: May 2020

Synthesis of amorphous aluminosilicates from high impurities in Indonesian kaolin were carried out in several ways, directly from kaolin and indirectly from metakaolin (calcined kaolin), both with silica addition and without silica addition. Synthesis was conducted in a gradual temperature hydrothermal reaction and in a constant temperature hydrothermal reaction. Before being synthesized, kaolin impurities were separated according to density and/or particle size by centrifugation. X-Ray Diffraction and FTIR Spectrometry characterization of the synthesized product showed that the results of synthesis of aluminosilicates from metakaolin via hydrothermal with gradual temperature or constant temperature produced aluminosilicates with high quartz impurities, while synthesis with the addition of silica in hydrothermal conditions at 80°C for 12 hours can produce aluminosilicate with a low quartz content. Direct synthesis from kaolin with the addition of silica could produce pure aluminosilicates.
Solid-Solutions as Supports and Robust Photocatalysts and Electrocatalysts: A Review
Authors: Charles Victor , Ebuka Ikegwuonu P. , Gaya Ndepana A.
Published: May 2020

Some solid solutions have been strongly utilized over the years as good materials for the synthesis of electrocatalysts and photoctalysts. Sometimes, they are used as supports in order to improve electrocatalytic and photocatalytic properties. We show various achievements of solid solutions as good electrocatalysts, and also, good electrocatalysts support materials in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Also, we demonstrate various works utilizing solid solutions as good photocatalysts, and good photocatalysts support materials in overall water splitting and carbon dioxide reduction. In all these reports, solid solutions proved to posses the necessary properties needed of any material as electrocatalysts and photocatalysts. In many cases, their use as catalysts supports recorded great improvements. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was largely used to confirm the chemical environment of the results obtained, together with X-ray diffraction (XRD). In the electrochemical methods, cyclic voltammograms (CVA), chronoamperometry and rotating disk electrode (RDE), were also carried out. Linear sweep voltametry (LSV) curve was carried out in some cases to measure the current at a working electrode, and tables were shown for clear explanation. In addition, a photoluminescence spectrum (PL) was used to probe the electronic structure of the various solid solutions.
Data analysis of a paste thickener
Authors: Ruuska Jari , Nikula Riku-Pekka , Ruhanen Eemeli , Kauppi Janne , Kauvosaari Sakari , Kosonen Mika
Published: May 2020

The solids content of slurry is typically increased in thickeners. A clean overflow and maximum solids concentration in the underflow are the general targets. The flocculant rate and underflow rate are the two independent variables that are typically used for control. The dependent variables include rake torque, underflow density, overflow turbidity, solids interface level (bed depth), solids inventory (bed pressure), solids settling rate and underflow viscosity. The research problem in question is that the outgoing paste is sometimes difficult to pump. The phenomena leading to this situation are not well known. In the worst-case scenario these phenomena cause clogging in the piping. A data analysis has been done to find the variables that affect and correlate with the pumping problem. The scope of this study covers the measurements from the feed line, thickener and underflow. The goal is to gain better understanding of the phenomena after this phase. The data analysis was done using the paste line pressure difference as a response variable and by dividing the data collected from Yara’s Siilinjärvi mill into two parts: operation areas with high and low pressure difference. The analysis is focused on Thickener 1 due to better availability of measurements. The knowledge of the variables found to influence the pressure difference can be utilized in further development.
Testing normality of chosen R-estimates used in deformation analysis
Authors: Duchnowski R. , Wyszkowska P.
Published: May 2020

The normal distribution is one of the most important distribution in statistics. In the context of geodetic observation analyses, such importance follows Hagen’s hypothesis of elementary errors; however, some papers point to some leptokurtic tendencies in geodetic observation sets. In the case of linear estimators, the normality is guaranteed by normality of the independent observations. The situation is more complex if estimates and/or the functional model are not linear. Then the normality of such estimates can be tested theoretically or empirically by applying one of goodness-of-fit tests.

This paper focuses on testing normality of selected variants of the Hodges-Lehmann estimators (HLE). Under some general assumptions the simplest HLEs have asymptotical normality. However, this does not apply to the Hodges-Lehmann weighted estimators (HLWE), which are more applicable in deformation analysis. Thus, the paper presents tests for normality of HLEs and HLWEs. The analyses, which are based on Monte Carlo method and the Jarque–Bera test, prove normality of HLEs. HLWEs do not follow the normal distribution when the functional model is not linear, and the accuracy of observation is relatively low. However, this fact seems not important from the practical point of view.
Improved indoor positioning based on range-free RSSI fingerprint method
Authors: Uradzinski Marcin , Guo Hang , Yu Min
Published: May 2020

As the development of modern science and technology, LBS and location-aware computing are increasingly important in the practical applications. Currently, GPS positioning system is a mature positioning technology used widely, but signals are easily absorbed, reflected by buildings, and attenuate seriously. In such situation, GPS positioning is not suitable for using in the indoor environment.

Wireless sensor networks, such as ZigBee technology, can provide RSSI (received signal strength indicator) which can be used for positioning, especially indoor positioning, and therefore for location based services (LBS).The authors are focused on the fingerprint database method which is suitable for calculating the coordinates of a pedestrian location. This positioning method can use the signal strength indication between the reference nodes and positioning nodes, and design algorithms for positioning. In the wireless sensor networks, according to whether measuring the distance between the nodes in the positioning process, the positioning modes are divided into two categories which are range-based and range-free positioning modes. This paper describes newly improved indoor positioning method based on RSSI fingerprint database, which is range-free.

Presented fingerprint database positioning can provide more accurate positioning results, and the accuracy of establishing fingerprint database will affect the accuracy of indoor positioning. In this paper, we propose a new method about the average threshold and the effective data domain filtering method to optimize the fingerprint database of ZigBee technology. Indoor experiment, which was conducted at the University of Warmia and Mazury, proved that the distance achieved by this system has been extended over 30 meters without decreasing the positioning accuracy. The weighted nearest algorithm was chosen and used to calculate user’s location, and then the results were compared and analyzed. As a result, the positioning accuracy was improved and error did not exceed 0.69 m. Therefore, such system can be easily applied in a bigger space inside the buildings, underground mines or in the other location based services.
Clinicopathological features of programmed cell death-ligand 1 expression in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Cui Yong-Xin , Su Xian-Shuang
Published: May 2020

Objective

Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression has been shown to play important roles in various types of cancer. However, the role of PD-L1 expression has not been conclusively reported in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Accordingly, in this meta-analysis, we investigated the clinicopathological value of PD-L1 expression in patients with OSCC.

Methods

Google Scholar, PubMed, EMBASE, and CNKI databases were searched to find relevant studies published through to September 16, 2019. The relationships between PD-L1 expression in patients with OSCC and clinicopathological features were assessed using risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results

Sixteen studies including 1989 participants were included. The results indicated that high PD-L1 expression was correlated with sex (RR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.16–1.42, P < 0.001), N stage (RR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.06–1.33, P = 0.003), M stage (RR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.01–2.66, P = 0.044), low differentiation (RR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.01–1.33, P = 0.034), and human papilloma virus infection (RR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.14–1.68, P = 0.001), but unrelated to TNM stage or T stage. There was no significant publication bias in the studies included in this analysis.

Conclusions

This meta-analysis revealed that high PD-L1 expression in patients with OSCC was correlated with clinicopathological features. Further large-scale studies are necessary to confirm our results.
Body composition indices and cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes. CV biomarkers are not related to body composition
Authors: Markova Aleksandra , Boyanov Mihail , Bakalov Deniz , Tsakova Adelina
Published: May 2020

Background

This study aims to explore the correlations of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and body composition with levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), endothelin 1(ET-1), N-terminal brain natriuretic pro-peptide (NT-proBNP) and calculated cardiovascular risks.

Methods

102 women and 67 men with type 2 diabetes participated. Serum levels of NT-proBNP were measured by electro-hemi-luminescence while ELISA were used for ADMA and ET-1. Cardiovascular risks were calculated using the Framingham Risk Score (FRS), the UKPDS 2.0 and the ADVANCE risk engines. Statistical analysis was performed on an IBM SPSS 19.0.

Results

The BMI outperformed all other indices of obesity (WC, WHtR, WHR), as well as body composition parameters (body fat%, fat mass, fat free mass and total body water) in relation to the estimated risks for coronary heart disease and stroke, based on different calculators. The correlations of the obesity indices with the serum cardiovascular biomarkers were not significant except for BMI and fat mass versus ET-1, and for fat free mass and total body water versus ADMA.

Conclusions

The WC, WHR, WHtR, BF%, FM and FFM apparently do not add significant information related to the levels of cardiovascular biomarkers or the calculated CV-risks.
Pericentric inversion in chromosome 1 and male
infertility
Authors: Li Ranwei , Fan Haitao , Zhang Qiushuang , Yang Xiao , Zhan Peng , Feng Shuqiang
Published: May 2020

Pericentric inversion in chromosome 1 was thought to cause male infertility through
spermatogenic impairment, regardless of the breakpoint position. However, carriers of
pericentric inversion in chromosome 1 have been reported with normal fertility and
familial transmission. Here, we report two cases of pericentric inversion in
chromosome 1. One case was detected in utero via amniocentesis, and
the other case was detected after the wife of the carrier experienced two spontaneous
abortions within 5 years of marriage. Here, the effect of the breakpoint position of
the inversion in chromosome 1 on male infertility is examined and compared with the
published cases. The association between the breakpoint of pericentric inversion in
chromosome 1 and spermatogenesis is also discussed. Overall, the results suggest that
the breakpoint position deserves attention from physicians in genetic counseling as
inversion carriers can produce offspring.
3D noise mapping for preselected locations of urban area with and without noise barriers: A case study of Delhi, India
Authors: Alam Pervez , Ahmad Kafeel , Afsar S. S. , Akhtar Nasim
Published: May 2020

Noise pollution has been rising as a critical issue in recent days particularly for the people living in urban areas. This study has been conducted to find out the effects of traffic induced noise on nearby residential building through 3D noise mapping with and without noise Barriers. Monitoring has been carried out at various densely populated preselected locations of Delhi, India. Thereafter, 3D noise mapping has been done using hourly average noise levels for the locations exposed with maximum noise. The developed 3D noise map shows the variation of noise level along X, Y and Z direction for all selected locations before and after installation of noise barriers. Moreover, the result also shows that exact assessment of noise impact is possible through 3D noise mapping, when a multistory building close to the source of noise is taken into consideration. This paper also elaborates the adequate height, distance and NRC value of noise barrier to reduce the effect of road traffic noise on nearby high rise building. Reduction pattern of noise level can easily be visualized and evaluated by using these maps. This type of study could support decision makers during adaptation of suitable remedial measures.