bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictive and Prognostic Value of sPRR in Patients with Primary Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Kreienbring Katrin , Franz Annika , Richter Rolf , Dragun Duska , Heidecke Harald , Dechend Ralf , Muller Dominik N. , Sehouli Jalid , Braicu Elena I.
Published: August 2016

Aim. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the predictive and prognostic role of soluble (pro)renin receptor (sPRR) as a biomarker for clinicopathological outcome in patients with primary epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). As part of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) whose activity is known to increase in ovarian cancer patients, the relation of sPRR and ovarian cancer should be further investigated.Patients and Methods. In this study 197 patients with primary EOC in our institution from 2000 to 2011 were included. sPRR was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in preoperative taken blood sera. Associations with clinicopathological outcome were analyzed and serum levels of sPRR in patients have been compared to those in healthy specimen. Kaplan-Meier and logistic/Cox regression assessed the impact of the markers on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).Results. There have been no correlations proved of sPRR levels with neither clinicopathological factors nor prognostic data. Also the distribution of sPRR in patients and controls was normal.Conclusion. sPRR seems to have no predictive, prognostic, or diagnostic value in EOC. As several factors of the RAS which might indicate cancer events have been shown, sPRR seems not to be affected.
Diosgenin and 5‐Methoxypsoralen Ameliorate Insulin Resistance through ER‐α/PI3K/Akt‐Signaling Pathways in HepG2 Cells
Authors: Fang Ke , Dong Hui , Jiang Shujun , Li Fen , Wang Dingkun , Yang Desen , Gong Jing , Huang Wenya , Lu Fuer
Published: August 2016

To determine the effects and the underlying mechanism of diosgenin (DSG) and 5‐methoxypsoralen (5‐MOP), two main active components in the classical Chinese prescription Hu‐Lu‐Ba‐Wan (HLBW), on insulin resistance, HepG2 cells were incubated in medium containing insulin. Treatments with DSG, 5‐MOP, and their combination were performed, respectively. The result showed that the incubation of HepG2 cells with high concentration insulin markedly decreased glucose consumption and glycogen synthesis. However, treatment with DSG, 5‐MOP, or their combination significantly reversed the condition and increased the phosphorylated expression of estrogen receptor‐α (ERα), sarcoma (Src), Akt/protein kinase B, glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (GSK‐3β), and the p85 regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase p85 (PI3Kp85). At the transcriptional level, expression of the genes mentioned above also increased except for the negative regulation of GSK‐3β mRNA. The increased expression of glucose transport‐4 (GLUT‐4) was meanwhile observed through immunofluorescence. Nevertheless, the synergistic effect of DSG and 5‐MOP on improving glycometabolism was not obvious in the present study. These results suggested that DSG and 5‐MOP may improve insulin resistance through an ER‐mediated PI3K/Akt activation pathway which may be a new strategy for type 2 diabetes mellitus, especially for women in an estrogen‐deficient condition.
Biphasic Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Masquerading as a Primary Skeletal Tumor
Authors: Gleason James Benjamin , Tashtoush Basheer , Diacovo Maria Julia
Published: August 2016

Biphasic malignant pleural mesothelioma is a rare malignant tumor, usually presenting as a pleural-based mass in a patient with history of chronic asbestos exposure. We herein report a case of a 41-year-old man who presented with chest pain and had a chest computed tomography (CT) scan suggestive of a primary skeletal tumor originating from the ribs (chondrosarcoma or osteosarcoma), with no history of asbestos exposure. CT-guided core needle biopsies were diagnosed as malignant sarcomatoid mesothelioma. Surgical resection and chest wall reconstruction were performed, confirming the diagnosis and revealing a secondary histologic component (epithelioid), supporting the diagnosis of biphasic malignant mesothelioma.
Economic Valuation of Nontimber Forest Products under the Changing Climate in Kilombero District, Tanzania
Authors: Balama Chelestino , Augustino Suzana , Mwaiteleke Danford , Lusambo Leopord P. , Makonda Fortunatus B. S.
Published: August 2016

Sustainable collection of Nontimber Forest Products (NTFPs) for trade is an appropriate measure to increase people’s adaptive capacity against adverse effects of climate change. However, information on the economic value for NTFPs for subsistence use and trade under the changing climate is inadequate, particularly in households around Iyondo Forest Reserve (IFR), in Kilombero District, Tanzania. The study identified and quantified NTFPs used for subsistence and trade, estimated its economic value, and examined factors influencing supply of NTFPs at household level. Data were collected through Focus Group Discussions, key informant interviews, questionnaire survey of 208 sample households, and spot market analysis to randomly selected NTFPs collectors, sellers, and buyers. The study identified 12 NTFPs used for subsistence and trade, which was evaluated in terms of the mean annual value per household. The mean annual value of the identified NTFPs ranged from TZS 4700 to 886 600. The estimated economic value of the studied NTFPs was TZS 51.4 billion (USD 36 million). The supply of NTFPs at household level was influenced by distance to the forest, change in forest management regime, seasonality, and change in rainfall pattern. NTFPs around IFR have high economic value which portrays the potential of developing them to enhance households’ adaptive capacity against climate change adverse effects.
Characteristics and Trends in Hypnotics Consumption in the Largest Health Care System in Israel
Authors: Marom O. , Rennert G. , Stein N. , Landsman K. , Pillar G.
Published: August 2016

Objectives. To quantify and characterize hypnotics consumption habits among adult patients insured by Clalit Health Services (CHS), the largest health care provider in Israel, in 2000 and 2010.Methods. A retrospective analysis of CHS computerized pharmacy records. Data were collected for all patients over the age of 18 years who were prescribed hypnotics in 2000 and in 2010.Results. Sleep medications were consumed by 8.7% of the adult CHS population in 2000 and by 9.6% in 2010. About one-quarter of consumers were treated for more than 6 months in both years. Multiple sleeping drugs were consumed more often in 2010 (45.2%) than a decade before (22%). While in 2000 benzodiazepines accounted for 84.5% of hypnotics, in 2010 this was reduced to 73.7% (p<0.05). Of all patients treated for longer than 6 months only 11% in 2000 and 9% in 2010 required a dose escalation suggesting the absence of tolerance.Conclusions. Nine percent of the Israeli population consumes hypnotics. There is a major increase in prescription of combination of medications between 2000 and 2010, with an increase in Z class medications use and reduction in benzodiazepines. Most patients chronically treated did not escalate dosage, suggesting the absence of tolerance.
Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Profiles of the Superoxide Dismutase Gene Family inGossypium
Authors: Zhang Jingbo , Li Bo , Yang Yang , Hu Wenran , Chen Fangyuan , Xie Lixia , Fan Ling
Published: August 2016

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) as a group of significant and ubiquitous enzymes plays a critical function in plant growth and development. Previously this gene family has been investigated inArabidopsisand rice; it has not yet been characterized in cotton. In our study, it was the first time for us to perform a genome-wide analysis of SOD gene family in cotton. Our results showed that 10 genes of SOD gene family were identified inGossypium arboreumandGossypium raimondii, including 6 Cu-Zn-SODs, 2 Fe-SODs, and 2 Mn-SODs. The chromosomal distribution analysis revealed that SOD genes are distributed across 7 chromosomes inGossypium arboreumand 8 chromosomes inGossypium raimondii. Segmental duplication is predominant duplication event and major contributor for expansion of SOD gene family. Gene structure and protein structure analysis showed that SOD genes have conserved exon/intron arrangement and motif composition. Microarray-based expression analysis revealed that SOD genes have important function in abiotic stress. Moreover, the tissue-specific expression profile reveals the functional divergence of SOD genes in different organs development of cotton. Taken together, this study has imparted new insights into the putative functions of SOD gene family in cotton. Findings of the present investigation could help in understanding the role of SOD gene family in various aspects of the life cycle of cotton.
Cystic and Papillary Neoplasm at the Hepatic Hilum Possibly Originating in the Peribiliary Glands
Authors: Miyata Takashi , Uesaka Katsuhiko , Nakanuma Yasuni
Published: August 2016

Cystic neoplasms of the liver are divided into two types: mucinous cystic neoplasm and cystic intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct. We herein report two cases of cystic and papillary neoplasm of the liver which differed from the abovementioned types.Case  1.A 70-year-old man. Radiologically, a cystic tumor measuring 20 mm in diameter was found at the hepatic hilum. Right hepatectomy was performed under a diagnosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) based on the imaging findings.Case  2.A 70-year-old man. Radiologically, a cystic tumor measuring 60 mm in diameter was found at the hepatic hilum. Under a diagnosis of iCCA, left hepatic trisectionectomy was performed. In both cases, endoscopic retrograde cholangiography did not demonstrate communication between the cystic tumor and adjacent bile ducts. Pathologically, these two tumors were cystic neoplasms located at the hepatic hilum and were morphologically characterized by an intracystic papillary neoplasm composed of diffuse high-grade dysplasia and associated with an invasive carcinoma. Ovarian-like stroma was not found in the capsule of these tumors. Interestingly, there were peribiliary glands near these tumors, and MUC6 was expressed in these papillary neoplasms as well as in the peribiliary glands. These neoplasms might have arisen from the peribiliary glands.
Does the Laser-Microtextured Short Implant Collar Design Reduce Marginal Bone Loss in Comparison with a Machined Collar?
Authors: Gultekin B. Alper , Sirali Ali , Gultekin Pinar , Yalcin Serdar , Mijiritsky Eitan
Published: August 2016

Purpose. To compare marginal bone loss between subgingivally placed short-collar implants with machined collars and those with machined and laser-microtextured collars.Materials and Methods. The investigators used a retrospective study design and included patients who needed missing posterior teeth replaced with implants. Short-collar implants with identical geometries were divided into two groups: an M group, machined collar; and an L group, machined and laser-microtextured collar. Implants were evaluated according to marginal bone loss, implant success, and probing depth (PD) at 3 years of follow-up.Results. Sixty-two patients received 103 implants (56 in the M group and 47 in the L group). The cumulative survival rate was 100%. All implants showed clinically acceptable marginal bone loss, although bone resorption was lower in the L group (0.49 mm) than in the M group (1.38 mm) at 3 years (p<0.01). A significantly shallower PD was found for the implants in the L group during follow-up (p<0.01).Conclusions. Our results suggest predictable outcomes with regard to bone loss for both groups; however, bone resorption was less in the L group than in the M group before and after loading. The laser-microtextured collar implant may provide a shallower PD than the machined collar implant.
Wnt Signaling Promotes Breast Cancer by Blocking ITCH-Mediated Degradation of YAP/TAZ Transcriptional Coactivator WBP2
Authors: Lim Shen Kiat , Lu Ssu Yi , Kang Shin-Ae , Tan Hock Jin , Li Zilin , Adrian Wee Zhen Ning , Guan Jye Swei , Reddy Chichili Vishnu Priyanka , Sivaraman J. , Putti Thomas , Thike Aye Aye , Tan Puay Hoon , Sudol Marius , Virshup David M. , Chan Siew Wee , Hong Wanjin , Lim Yoon Pin
Published: August 2016

Cross-talk between the Hippo and Wnt pathways has been implicated recently in breast cancer development, but key intersections have yet to be fully defined. Here we report that WBP2, a transcription coactivator that binds the Hippo pathway transcription factor YAP/TAZ, contributes to Wnt signaling and breast cancer pathogenesis. Clinically, overexpression of WBP2 in breast cancer specimens correlated with malignant progression and poor patient survival. In breast cancer cells, nuclear entry and interaction of WBP2 with β-catenin was stimulated by Wnt3A, thereby activating TCF-mediated transcription and driving malignant invasive character. Mechanistic investigations showed WBP2 levels were controlled by the E3 ligase ITCH, which bound and target WBP2 for ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation. Accordingly, ITCH silencing could elevate WBP2 levels. Wnt signaling upregulated WBP2 by disrupting ITCH–WBP2 interactions via EGFR-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of WBP2 and TAZ/YAP competitive binding. Conversely, ITCH-mediated downregulation of WBP2 inhibited TCF/β-catenin transcription, in vitro transformation, and in vivo tumorigenesis. We identified somatic mutations in ITCH, which impaired its ability to degrade WBP2 and to block its function in cancer, even while retaining binding capacity to WBP2. Thus, the Wnt pathway appeared to engage WBP2 primarily by affecting its protein stability. Our findings show how WBP2/ITCH signaling functions to link the intricate Wnt and Hippo signaling networks in breast cancer. Cancer Res; 76(21); 6278–89. ©2016 AACR.
Extracellular ATP a New Player in Cancer Metabolism: NSCLC Cells Internalize ATP In Vitro and In Vivo Using Multiple Endocytic Mechanisms
Authors: Qian Yanrong , Wang Xuan , Li Yunsheng , Cao Yanyang , Chen Xiaozhuo
Published: August 2016

Intratumoral extracellular ATP concentrations are 1000 times higher than those in normal tissues of the same cell origin. However, whether or not cancer cells use the abundant extracellular ATP was unknown until we recently reported that cancer cells internalize ATP. The internalized ATP was found to substantially increase intracellular ATP concentration and promote cell proliferation and drug resistance in cancer cells. Here, using a nonhydrolyzable fluorescent ATP (NHF-ATP), radioactive and regular ATP, coupled with high and low molecular weight dextrans as endocytosis tracers and fluorescence microscopy and ATP assays, cultured human NSCLC A549 and H1299 cells as well as A549 tumor xenografts were found to internalize extracellular ATP at concentrations within the reported intratumoral extracellular ATP concentration range. In addition to macropinocytosis, both clathrin- and caveolae-mediated endocytosis significantly contribute to the ATP internalization, which led to an approximately 30% (within 45 minutes) or more than 50% (within 4 hours) increase in intracellular ATP levels after ATP incubation. This increase could not be accounted for by either purinergic receptor signaling or increased intracellular ATP synthesis rates in the ATP-treated cancer cells. These new findings significantly deepen our understanding of the Warburg effect by shedding light on how cancer cells in tumors, which are heterogeneous for oxygen and nutrition supplies, take up extracellular ATP and use the internalized ATP to perform multiple previously unrecognized functions of biological importance. They strongly suggest the existence of ATP sharing among cancer and stromal cells in tumors and simultaneously identify multiple new anticancer targets.

Implications: Extracellular ATP is taken up by human lung cancer cells and tumors via macropinocytosis and other endocytic processes to supplement their extra energy needs for cancer growth, survival, and drug resistance, thus providing novel targets for future cancer therapy. Mol Cancer Res; 14(11); 1087–96. ©2016 AACR.
Successful Endovascular Management of Massive Pansinus Thrombosis: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Drofa Alexander , Kouznetsov Evgueni , Tomek Stephen , Wiisanen Matthew , Manchak Michael , Lindley Timothy , Mitchell Steven , Hui Ferdinand , Breker Dane
Published: August 2016

Cerebral sinus venous thrombosis (CSVT) is a recognized cause of childhood and neonatal stroke. More than 50% of neonates have a poor outcome, and mortality is high. Coma is a predictor of death in neonatal CSVT. We present the case of a 9-day-old infant, who presented in coma and was treated successfully with a combination of mechanical thrombectomy using the MindFrame System via the right jugular vein, local infusion of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and abciximab, as well as anticoagulation. In this case, aggressive thrombectomy and thrombolysis achieved complete neurologic restoration safely and quickly.
Polygenic Models for Risk Prediction in Human Genetics
Authors: Ott Jurg
Published: August 2016

After a brief discussion and evaluation of Fisher's additive polygenic inheritance model, a few other approaches to polygenic inheritance are discussed, notably the polygenic threshold model. A literature review of applications of such models in human genetics is presented, and a simple approach, based on a finite polygenic model, is developed in detail. The fit of the model to recurrence risks in schizophrenia is discussed.
Arteriovenous Malformations in the Pediatric Population: Review of the Existing Literature
Authors: El-Ghanem Mohammad , Kass-Hout Tareq , Kass-Hout Omar , Alderazi Yazan J. , Amuluru Krishna , Al-Mufti Fawaz , Prestigiacomo Charles J. , Gandhi Chirag D.
Published: August 2016

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in the pediatric population are relatively rare but reportedly carry a higher rate of rupture than in adults. This could be due to the fact that most pediatric AVMs are only detected after rupture. We aimed to review the current literature regarding the natural history and the clinical outcome after multimodality AVM treatment in the pediatric population, as optimal management for pediatric AVMs remains controversial. A multidisciplinary approach using multimodality therapy if needed has been proved to be beneficial in approaching these lesions in all age groups. Microsurgical resection remains the gold standard for the treatment of all accessible pediatric AVMs. Embolization and radiosurgery should be considered as an adjunctive therapy. Embolization provides a useful adjunct therapy to microsurgery by preventing significant blood loss and to radiosurgery by decreasing the volume of the AVM. Radiosurgery has been described to provide an alternative treatment approach in certain circumstances either as a primary or adjuvant therapy.
Revisiting the Polygenic Additive Liability Model through the Example of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Génin Emmanuelle , Clerget-Darpoux Françoise
Published: August 2016

Most studies on multifactorial diseases are performed under the assumption of a polygenic additive liability. In particular, missing heritability and individual risk scores are estimated under this model. In this paper, we use the example of diabetes to highlight the pitfalls of relying on such a model, when there are reasons to suspect etiological heterogeneity and/or departure from the hypotheses on the environmental factor effects.
Hypoxia-Induced MicroRNA-429 Promotes Differentiation of MC3T3-E1 Osteoblastic Cells by Mediating ZFPM2 Expression
Authors: Huang Jiang , Peng Jianguang , Cao Guanglei , Lu Shibao , Liu Limin , Li Zheng , Zhou Meng , Feng Mingli , Shen Huiliang
Published: August 2016

Background/Aims: Hypoxia has been reported to regulate osteoblastic differentiation of bone cells and cartilage development. However, information concerning the molecular mechanisms remains largely unknown. Methods: The expression of miR-429 was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR analysis. To test whether miR-429 directly regulate the expression level of ZFPM2 at transcription level, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was performed. Western blotting was performed to detect osteogenesis related protein expression. The cell proliferation, apoptosis, alkaline phosphatase activity and matrix mineralization were performed to assess the functions of miR-429 in vitro and in vivo the effects of miR-429 on fracture healing. Results: Expression of miR-429 was increased in MC3T3-E1 cells treated with 200 μM CoCl2 by qRT-PCR, and overexpression of miR-429 promoted cell differentiation, and enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity and matrix mineralization. Luciferase reporter assays suggested that miR-429 directly targets the 3'UTR of ZFPM2. In addition, knockdown of ZFPM2 could phenocopy the effects of miR-429 expression. Furthermore, overexpression of ZFPM2 in miR-429-expressing MC3T3-E1 cells suppressed cell differentiation. Conclusions: Our results provide valuable insight into the potential role of hypoxia in regulation of osteoblastic cell differentiation.
Impact of miR-208 and its Target Gene Nemo-Like Kinase on the Protective Effect of Ginsenoside Rb1 in Hypoxia/Ischemia Injuried Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Yan Xu , Liu Jianxun , Wu Hongjin , Liu Yuna , Zheng Sidao , Zhang Chengying , Yang Cui
Published: August 2016

Background/Aims: Ginsenoside Rb1 (GS-Rb1) is one of the most important active pharmacological extracts of the Traditional Chinese Medicine ginseng, with extensive evidence of its cardioprotective properties. Mir-208 has been shown to act as a biomarker of acute myocardial infarction in vivo studies including man. However the impact of miR-208 on the protective effect of GS-Rb1 in hypoxia/ischemia injured cardiomyocytes remains unclear. The current study aims to investigate the target gene of miR-208 and the impact on the protective effect of GS-Rb1 in hypoxia/ischemia (H/I) injuried cardiomyocytes. Materials and Methods: Primary cultures of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) was subjected to the H/I conditions with or without GS-Rb1. Cell viability was calculated by MTT assay and confirmed by flow cytometry analysis. Mir-208 was then detected by qRT-PCR. Luciferase reporter assay was carried out to detect the target gene of Mir-208. Then the NRCMs were transfected with miR-208 mimics and inhibitors to evaluate the impact on cardioprotective properties of Rb1. Results: The miR-208 expression level was clearly upregulated in the H/I treated NRCMs accompanied by the percentage of the apoptotic cells which could be reversed by GS-Rb1 pretreatment. The nemo-like kinase (NLK) mRNA and protein expression levels were decreased in H/I group measured by RT-PCR and western blotting. Luciferase activity assay was then carried out to identify that NLK may be a direct target of mir-208. MTT assay showed that miR-208 inhibitor slightly decreased the protective effect of Rb1 on the H/I impaired NRCMs. However, results showed no statistical difference. Conclusions: These findings proved that NLK was a direct target of mir-208 and miR-208 act indirectly during Rb1 protecting H/I impaired NRCMs and further researches were needed to explore the relationship that microRNAs and other signal pathways in the protective effect of GS-Rb1 on the hypoxia/ischemia injuries in cardiomyocytes.
Prevalence and Characteristics of Hyperhidrosis in Sweden: A Cross-Sectional Study in the General Population
Authors: Shayesteh Alexander , Janlert Urban , Brulin Christine , Boman Jens , Nylander Elisabet
Published: August 2016

Background: Hyperhidrosis is defined as excessive sweating which can be primary or secondary. Data about the prevalence of primary hyperhidrosis are scarce for northern Europe. Objective: Our aim was to investigate the prevalence of hyperhidrosis focusing on its primary form and describe the quality of life impairments for the affected individuals. Methods: Five thousand random individuals aged 18-60 years in Sweden were investigated. The individuals' addresses were obtained from Statens personadressregister, SPAR, which includes all persons who are registered as resident in Sweden. A validated questionnaire regarding hyperhidrosis including the Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale (HDSS) and 36-item Short Form (SF-36) health survey was sent to each individual. The participants were asked to return the coded questionnaire within 1 week. Results: A total of 1,353 individuals (564 male, 747 female and 42 with unspecified gender) with a mean age of 43.1 ± 11.2 years responded. The prevalence of primary hyperhidrosis was 5.5%, and severe primary hyperhidrosis (HDSS 3-4 points) occurred in 1.4%. Secondary hyperhidrosis was observed in 14.8% of the participants. Our SF-36 results showed that secondary hyperhidrosis causes a significant (p < 0.001) impairment of both mental and physical abilities while primary hyperhidrosis impairs primarily the mental health (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Hyperhidrosis affects individuals in adolescence as a focal form while occurring as a generalised form with increasing age. Further, the prevalence of primary hyperhidrosis described in our study is comparable to other studies from the western hemisphere. While secondary, generalised hyperhidrosis impairs both physical and mental aspects of life, primary hyperhidrosis, with the exception of severe cases, mainly affects the mental health.
Verrucous Squamous Cell Cancer in the Esophagus: An Obscure Diagnosis
Authors: Egeland Charlotte , Achiam Michael P. , Federspiel Birgitte , Svendsen Lars Bo
Published: August 2016

Verrucous carcinoma is a rare, slow-growing type of squamous cell cancer. Fewer than 50 patients with verrucous carcinoma in the esophagus have been described worldwide. In 2014, two male patients were diagnosed with verrucous carcinoma in the distal part of the esophagus. The endoscopic examinations showed a similar wart-like, white, irregular mucosa in both cases. The diagnosis was difficult to make since all biopsies taken from the affected area showed no malignancy. This cancer type has a relatively good prognosis when the diagnosis is finally obtained. Both our patients presented with dysphagia, weight loss, and an endoscopically malignant tumor, but surgery was not performed until after 9 and 10 months, respectively, and then in order to get a diagnosis. At the last follow-up, both patients were without any recurrence of the disease.
Therapeutic Depletion of Iron Stores Is Not Associated with a Reduced Hemoglobin Mass in a Hemochromatosis Patient
Authors: Wrobel Nina , Pottgiesser Torben , Birkner Philipp , Deibert Peter , Ahlgrim Christoph
Published: August 2016

Introduction: Hereditary hemochromatosis features a dysregulated iron absorption leading to iron overload and organ damage. The regulation of total hemoglobin mass during depletion of iron deposits by therapeutic phlebotomy has not been studied. Case Presentation: The initial ferritin level of the 52-year-old male subject was 1,276 μg/l. Despite successful depletion of iron stores (ferritinmin: 53 μg/l) through phlebotomies, total hemoglobin mass stabilized at the pretherapy level. However, regeneration of total hemoglobin mass was accelerated (up to 10.8 g/day). Conclusion: In this hemochromatosis patient, the total hemoglobin mass was not altered in the long term, but regeneration was accelerated, possibly due to elevated body iron content.
Unresectable Recurrent Multiple Meningioma: A Case Report with Radiological Response to Somatostatin Analogues
Authors: Ortolá Buigues Ana , Crespo Hernández Irene , Jorquera Moya Manuela , Díaz Pérez Jose Ángel
Published: August 2016

Medical treatment of meningiomas is reserved for cases in which surgery and radiotherapy have failed. Given that a high percentage of meningiomas express somatostatin receptors, treatment with somatostatin analogues has been proposed. In addition, these medications have been shown to have an antiproliferative and antiangiogenic effect in vitro. To date, very few cases with clinical response and none with radiological response have been described. The case described here is the first to report a radiological response. A 76-year-old Caucasian male was first diagnosed with unresectable meningioma at age 47. The patient experienced multiple recurrences and underwent three surgeries and radiotherapy over the years from the initial diagnosis. Despite treatment, the disease continued its progression. Based on an Octreoscan positive for tumour uptake, therapy with extended-release somatostatin analogues was started. Although no clinical neurological improvement was observed, magnetic resonance imaging scans revealed a discreet but continuous radiological response over time. After >2 years of continuous administration of lanreotide, the patient remains progression free. In highly selected cases, somatostatin analogue treatment for meningioma may be beneficial. Based on our findings, treatment with somatostatin analogues should be maintained longer than previously described before evaluating treatment response.
Effects of Maternal Anxiety Disorders on Infant Self-Comforting Behaviors: The Role of Maternal Bonding, Infant Gender and Age
Authors: Müller Mitho , Tronick Ed , Zietlow Anna-Lena , Nonnenmacher Nora , Verschoor Stephan , Träuble Birgit
Published: August 2016

Background/Aims: We investigated the links between maternal bonding, maternal anxiety disorders, and infant self-comforting behaviors. Furthermore, we looked at the moderating roles of infant gender and age. Methods: Our sample (n = 69) comprised 28 mothers with an anxiety disorder (according to DSM-IV criteria) and 41 controls, each with their 2.5- to 8-month-old infant (41 females and 28 males). Infant behaviors were recorded during the Face-to-Face Still-Face paradigm. Maternal bonding was assessed by the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire. Results: Conditional process analyses revealed that lower maternal bonding partially mediated between maternal anxiety disorders and increased self-comforting behaviors but only in older female infants (over 5.5 months of age). However, considering maternal anxiety disorders without the influence of bonding, older female infants (over 5.5 months of age) showed decreased rates of self-comforting behaviors, while younger male infants (under 3 months of age) showed increased rates in the case of maternal anxiety disorder. Conclusions: The results suggest that older female infants (over 5.5 months of age) are more sensitive to lower maternal bonding in the context of maternal anxiety disorders. Furthermore, results suggest a different use of self-directed regulation strategies for male and female infants of mothers with anxiety disorders and low bonding, depending on infant age. The results are discussed in the light of gender-specific developmental trajectories.
Experiencias contradictorias y demandantes: la infancia y la adultez en la perspectiva de niños y niñas de Santiago de Chile
Authors: Vergara-del Solar Ana , ChávezIbarra Paulina , PeñaOchoa Mónica , VergaraLeyton Enrique
Published: August 2016

(descriptivo): En este artículo, se presentan los resultados de un estudio que exploró los discursos acerca de la infancia y la adultez de niños y niñas de distintos estratos socioeconómicos de Santiago, a partir de entrevistas abiertas realizadas a grupos mixtos y de un sólo sexo (niñas y niños varones). Se da cuenta, en este marco, de discursos que, para hablar de infancia y adultez, construyen oposiciones: juego versus trabajo, libertad versus sometimiento, inocencia versus conciencia e infancias ricas versus infancias pobres. Además, se identifican algunas diferencias de clase social y de género y se analiza cómo se expresan, en los complejos discursos de los niños y las niñas, contradicciones y ambivalencias culturales respecto a la infancia y adultez, en el marco de un contexto de neoliberalización creciente.
La participación juvenil en la Política Pública de Juventud, 1997 - 2011 (Caldas, Colombia)
Authors: Peralta-Duque Beatriz del Carmen
Published: August 2016

(descriptivo): Analizo aquí la participación política de los sujetos jóvenes en las políticas públicas de juventud en Caldas (Colombia), según sus garantías constitucionales y sus condiciones sociopolíticas, económicas y culturales, a partir de la Ley 375 de 1997 hasta 2011, a la culminación de los períodos de las alcaldías. En cuanto a la metodología, se trata de un estudio de caso efectuado en los municipios de Manizales, Palestina, Chinchiná, Neira y Villamaría, Región Centro Sur de Caldas. Cómo técnicas utilicé la observación directa y el análisis de artículos periodísticos, así como grupos focales, entrevistas en profundidad y encuesta. Según los resultados de la investigación, los sujetos jóvenes de los Grupos y Clubes juveniles y de las Casas de la Cultura, hacen de las artes y la ecología espacios de participación, más que los Consejos Municipales de Juventud. El Gobierno Escolar incentiva la participación. La Iglesia Católica y el movimiento MIRA promueven la participación juvenil.
Contrastes regionales de la discriminación laboral hacia los jóvenes en México
Authors: Horbath Jorge E.
Published: August 2016

(analítico): Las condiciones de los jóvenes en México distan de ser alentadoras, máxime en situación de crisis económica y su incidencia en los mercados de trabajo, donde una de las primeras causales de despido es la poca experiencia laboral. El presente trabajo busca exponer las condiciones precarias a las que se enfrentan los jóvenes en los mercados de trabajo en México entre 2000 y 2010, comparando las diferentes regiones, utilizando los microdatos de las muestras censales de población y construyéndose índices de segregación ocupacional y discriminación salarial y educativa. Los resultados muestran el bajo reconocimiento de sus esfuerzos por adquirir formación y capacidades, reflejado en sus precarios ingresos inmediatos. Las diferencias entre los estados van en aumento, "hipotecandoâ€ su bienestar social y desaprovechando el remanente del bono demográfico.
El papel del trabajo en la construcción del sujeto joven
Authors: Paz-Calderón Yannet , Suárez-Zozaya María Herlinda , Campos-Ríos Guillermo
Published: August 2016

(analítico): El concepto "jovenâ€ fue construyéndose a lo largo de la historia en función de las necesidades de la sociedad. El trabajo es la palanca principal de cambio. La confrontación ante el desarrollo tecnológico fue exigiendo nuevos actores productivos. En ese punto, surgió la necesidad de abrir un campo laboral que anteriormente no se había vislumbrado: uno en el que cupieran los jóvenes. El objetivo principal de este artículo es que, a través de una revisión histórica, se ofrezca evidencia de que el trabajo capitalista moderno obligó a identificar un sector de población, en este caso la juventud, que fue crucial para la preparación y el aprendizaje de las virtudes laborales exigidas en cada patrón de acumulación.
Jóvenes, temporalidades y narrativas visuales en el conflicto armado colombiano
Authors: Amador-Baquiro Juan Carlos
Published: August 2016

(analítico): En este artículo expongo los resultados de una investigación sobrela construcción social del tiempo, en el contexto del conflicto armado colombiano, de jóvenes que participan en un festival de cine y video comunitario en Ciudad Bolívar (Bogotá). Partiendo del presupuesto de que el tiempo es un regulador que permite a los individuos y grupos sintetizar, integrar y coordinar el mundo social, este estudio lo apoyé metodológicamente en el análisis cultural de los productos visuales que han circulado en las siete versiones del festival -videos, documentales y películas-, asumiendo que a partir de su puesta en escena se conjugan modos de temporización sociales, éticos y estéticos en los mundos de vida juveniles. En los hallazgos se destacan tres grupos de temporalidades juveniles: las temporalidades carnavalescas y polifónicas en la diversidad; los tiempos del duelo, el miedo y la condena; y la anamnesis y las memorias subalternas.
The EBC TWO Study (European Bifurcation Coronary TWO)
Authors: Hildick-Smith David , Behan Miles W. , Lassen Jens F. , Chieffo Alaide , Lefèvre Thierry , Stankovic Goran , Burzotta Francesco , Pan Manuel , Ferenc Miroslaw , Bennett Lorraine , Hovasse Thomas , Spence Mark S. , Oldroyd Keith , Brunel Philippe , Carrie Didier , Baumbach Andreas , Maeng Michael , Skipper Nicola , Louvard Yves
Published: August 2016

Background—

For the treatment of coronary bifurcation lesions, a provisional strategy is superior to systematic 2-stent techniques for the most bifurcation lesions. However, complex anatomies with large side branches (SBs) with significant ostial disease length are considered by expert consensus to warrant a 2-stent technique upfront. This consensus view has not been scientifically assessed.

Methods and Results—

Symptomatic patients with large caliber true bifurcation lesions (SB diameter ≥2.5 mm) and significant ostial disease length (≥5 mm) were randomized to either a provisional T-stent strategy or a dual stent culotte technique. Two hundred patients aged 64±10 years, 82% male, were randomized in 20 European centers. The clinical presentations were stable coronary disease (69%) and acute coronary syndromes (31%). SB stent diameter (2.67±0.27 mm) and length (20.30±5.89 mm) confirmed the extent of SB disease. Procedural success (provisional 97%, culotte 94%) and kissing balloon inflation (provisional 95%, culotte 98%) were high. Sixteen percent of patients in the provisional group underwent T-stenting. The primary end point (a composite of death, myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization at 12 months) occurred in 7.7% of the provisional T-stent group versus 10.3% of the culotte group (hazard ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 0.78–1.34;
P
=0.53). Procedure time, x-ray dose, and cost all favored the simpler procedure.

Conclusions—

When treating complex coronary bifurcation lesions with large stenosed SBs, there is no difference between a provisional T-stent strategy and a systematic 2-stent culotte strategy in a composite end point of death, myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization at 12 months.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT 01560455.
Prevention of Stroke with Ticagrelor in Patients with Prior Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Bonaca Marc P. , Goto Shinya , Bhatt Deepak L. , Steg P. Gabriel , Storey Robert F. , Cohen Marc , Goodrich Erica , Mauri Laura , Ophuis Ton Oude , Ruda Mikhail , Špinar Jindřich , Seung Ki-Bae , Hu Dayi , Dalby Anthony J. , Jensen Eva , Held Peter , Morrow David A. , Braunwald Eugene , Sabatine Marc S.
Published: August 2016

Background:

In the PEGASUS-TIMI 54 trial (Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Prior Heart Attack Using Ticagrelor Compared to Placebo on a Background of Aspirin-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 54), ticagrelor reduced the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events when added to low-dose aspirin in stable patients with prior myocardial infarction, resulting in the approval of ticagrelor 60 mg twice daily for long-term secondary prevention. We investigated the incidence of stroke, outcomes after stroke, and the efficacy of ticagrelor focusing on the approved 60 mg twice daily dose for reducing stroke in this population.

Methods:

Patients were followed for a median of 33 months. Stroke events were adjudicated by a central committee. Data from similar trials were combined using meta-analysis.

Results:

Of 14 112 patients randomly assigned to placebo or ticagrelor 60 mg, 213 experienced a stroke; 85% of these strokes were ischemic. A total of 18% of strokes were fatal and another 15% led to either moderate or severe disability at 30 days. Ticagrelor significantly reduced the risk of stroke (hazard ratio, 0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.57–0.98;
P
=0.034), driven by a reduction in ischemic stroke (hazard ratio, 0.76; 95% confidence interval, 0.56–1.02). Hemorrhagic stroke occurred in 9 patients on placebo and 8 patients on ticagrelor. A meta-analysis across 4 placebo-controlled trials of more intensive antiplatelet therapy in 44 816 patients with coronary disease confirmed a marked reduction in ischemic stroke (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% confidence interval, 0.54–0.81;
P
=0.0001).

Conclusions:

High-risk patients with prior myocardial infarction are at risk for stroke, approximately one-third of which are fatal or lead to moderate-to-severe disability. The addition of ticagrelor 60 mg twice daily significantly reduced this risk without an excess of hemorrhagic stroke but with more major bleeding. In high-risk patients with coronary disease, more intensive antiplatelet therapy should be considered not only to reduce the risk of coronary events, but also of stroke.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique Identifier: NCT01225562.
Orchidaceae of Bahia, Brazil: notes on taxonomy and nomenclature
Authors: CARVALHO DENIS N. , MENEGUZZO THIAGO E.C. , POPOVKIN ALEX , BERG CÁSSIO VAN DEN
Published: August 2016

In the process of reviewing the relevant literature revision and analysing available botanical specimens for the compilation of a checklist of Orchidaceae for the State of Bahia (Brazil), we identified some taxonomic issues that are dealt with in this paper.
True axillary inflorescences in Rudgea (Palicoureeae, Rubiaceae), a newly reported characteristic of two new Brazilian species, R. quisquiliae and R. axilliflora
Authors: TORRES-LEITE FILIPE , BRUNIERA CARLA P. , ZAPPI DANIELA C. , CARRIJO TATIANA T.
Published: August 2016

Two new species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae), R. quisquiliae and R. axilliflora, from Southeastern Brazil present true axillary inflorescences, a very distinct characteristic in the genus. Rudgea was previously characterized by the presence of usually terminal inflorescences, with pseudo-axillary inflorescences occurring in a single species, R. stipulacea. Rudgea quisquiliae is morphologically distinct within the genus by the combination of its large leaf-blades (15–33.5 × 7.5–15 cm), and axillary inflorescences. Rudgea axilliflora can be distinguished by its sheathing stipules with dorsal, glandular appendages, medium-sized leaf-blades (7–11 x 2.5–4 cm), lanceolate to elliptic, with 7–9 pairs of secondary veins, absence of domatia, axillary inflorescences and flowers with a distinctly lobed calyx. The new species were discovered in ombrophilous rainforest remnants in the south of Espírito Santo, one of the most diverse states in the Atlantic Forest biome.
Durio connatus (Malvaceae), a new species from Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: PRIYANTI PRIYANTI , CHIKMAWATI TATIK , SOBIR SOBIR , HARTANA ALEX
Published: August 2016

Durio connatus is described and illustrated as a new species for the first time. This species is similar to D. kutejensis, but has four unique characters, viz. shorter petals, stamens fasciculate in five phalanges with filaments connate basally, stamens caduceus, falling easily from the petals and sepals, and fruit opening easily before falling to the ground.
Lectotypification of Ischaemum molle (Andropogoneae, Poaceae)
Authors: TIWARI ARJUN PRASAD , GAVADE SANDIP , LEKHAK MANOJ
Published: August 2016

The genus Ischaemum Linnaeus (1753: 1049) was established with two species, viz. I. muticum Linnaeus (1753: 1049) and I. aristatum Linnaeus (1753: 1049). Presently, it comprises c. 71 species distributed in warm and tropical regions of the world (Mabberley 2008). In India, the genus is represented by about 56 species and six infraspecific taxa, of which 43 are endemic and confined to Peninsular India, including Maharashtra and North-East India (Shrivastava & Nair 2010).
Four new species of Lorryia (Acari: Tydeidae) associated with Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae) in Brazil
Authors: MONDIN ALEXANDRE DE SOUZA , NUVOLONI FELIPE MICALI , FERES REINALDO JOSÉ FAZZIO
Published: August 2016

Lorryia (Tydeinae) species are commonly found in surveys of rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis) in Brazil, although only Lorryia formosa (Cooreman, 1958) has been formally reported from this host. In this study, we described Lorryia parvireticuli sp. nov., L. amazonensis sp. nov., L. fortistriata sp. nov., and L. virga sp. nov., associated with rubber trees from Brazil.
Clarification of Einfeldia Kieffer, 1922 (Diptera: Chironomidae) with E. australiensis (Freeman, 1961), comb. n. based on immature stages
Authors: CRANSTON PETER S. , MARTIN JON , MULDER MONICA , SPIES MARTIN
Published: August 2016

The immature stages are described for the first time for Chironomus (Xenochironomus) australiensis Freeman (Diptera: Chironomidae) and the adult male is redescribed including from type specimens. The species does not belong to Chironomus Meigen or Xenochironomus Kieffer, but is best placed in a modestly expanded Einfeldia Kieffer. Application of this genus name is clarified, including by a lectotype fixation for its type species, E. pectoralis Kieffer, 1924. Einfeldia australiensis (Freeman) comb. n. provides the first record of the genus from Australia; otherwise the genus is reported confidently only from North America, Central America and western Europe to Japan. The immature stages of E. australiensis occur in relatively shallow mesotrophic to eutrophic dune lakes and maars with circum-neutral pH and high conductivity, from southeastern Queensland to southern Australia. The cytology is described briefly from larval salivary glands. Alternative genus placements for the species are discussed, and problems with Einfeldia and connected systematics in the tribe Chironomini are addressed.
Eusyllinae, Exogoninae and Autolytinae (Syllidae: Polychaeta) from the Southern Mexican Pacific, with the description of three new species
Authors: SALCEDO DIANA L. O. , MARTÍN GUILLERMO SAN , SOLÍS-WEISS VIVIANNE
Published: August 2016

Previous studies have dealt recently with syllid polychaetes in soft sediments from Acapulco Bay (Southern Mexican Pacific) with new species and new records of the subfamily Syllinae published, but the remaining subfamilies found in the area had not been included. This study deals with syllids belonging to those subfamilies: Eusyllinae, Exogoninae and Autolytinae, since the Anoplosyllinae were not found. Three species are described as new: Odontosyllis septemdentata n. sp., characterized by having bidentate falcigers and a trepan with 7 teeth alternating in size; Sphaerosyllis tetralobata n. sp., which is characterized by having unidentate compound chaetae and segments divided in four annuli, and Prosphaerosyllis sotoi n. sp., characterized by having compound chaetae with short and hooked unidentate blades, and by being the only species of the genus that lacks dorsal cirri in the second parapodia. Additionally, Westheidesyllis gesae (Perkins 1981) is newly recorded for the Pacific Ocean, while Odontosyllis fulgurans (Audouin & Milne Edwards 1834), Erinaceusyllis bidentata (Hartmann-Schröder 1974) and Myrianida dentalia (Imajima 1966) are recorded for the first time from the Mexican Pacific coasts.
First records of two flower bug genera from Myanmar (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Anthocoridae: Anthocorinae: Oriini), with description of a new species of Bilia
Authors: YASUNAGA TOMOHIDE , YAMADA KAZUTAKA , SOE ZAYAR , NAING SHINE SHANE
Published: August 2016

Two oriine flower bug (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) genera, Bilia Distant, 1904 and Wollastoniella Reuter, 1884 are reported from Myanmar for the first time, diagnosed, and discussed. A new species, Bilia burma Yasunaga & Yamada sp. nov., is described, with information on the immature form, habitat and assumed prey; its closest sister species, B. castanea (Carvalho, 1951), is also re-diagnosed. Wollastoniella rotunda Yasunaga & Miyamoto, 1993 originally described from northern Thailand, is also documented along with its immature form and new host association. Both of the anthocorids found in Myanmar co-occurred with lace bugs (Tingidae). A checklist of all current members of Bilia and Wollastoniella is provided. The phylogenic positions of Bilia and Wollastoniella in the tribe Oriini is discussed.