bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Pendidikan Dan Riwayat Vaksin Dengan Kejadian Hepatitis B Pada Ibu Hamil Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kalumata Kota Ternate
Authors: Anggita Putri Kharie  , Arman  , Fatmah Afrianty Gobel
Published: February 2025

Hepatitis B adalah infeksi disebabkan oleh virus Hepatitis B, peradangan hati yang bisa berkembang menjadi fibrosis (jaringan parut), sirosis atau kanker hati. Hepatitis merupakan satu dari banyak penyebab kematian wanita di dunia, penyebab pada wanita hamil menderita hepatitis dikarenakan defek koagulasi, kegagalan organ, dan peningkatan mortalitas maternal dan bayi baru lahir. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan oleh penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 198 orang di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kalumata Kota Ternate. Data diperoleh dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara pekerjaan (p value=0.000 <0.05%), ada hubungan antara riwayat vaksin (p value=0.000 <0.05%) dengan kejadian hepatitis b pada ibu hamil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kalumata Kota Ternate. Saran yang diberikan bagi Puskesmas, diharapkan bagi Puskesmas untuk lebih sering melakukan sosialisasi ataupun penyuluhan kepada ibu hamil agar mau melakukan pemeriksaan hepatitis B. Bagi peran tenaga kesehatan, diharapkan untuk menjadwalkan setiap bulannya melakukan kunjungan rumah ataupun seminar terjadwal kepada ibu-ibu hamil, agar ibu hamil mendapatkan informasi mengenai pencegahan dini tentang penyakit hepatitis B. Bagi ibu hamil, diharapkan agar selalu menjaga kesehatan, menghindari aktivitas-aktivitas yang dapat mengakibatkan terinfeksi hepatitis B masuk kedalam tubuh. Bagi peneliti selanjutnya, diharapakan melakukan penelitian lanjutan, dapat dilakukan dengan meneliti faktor lain seperti sumber informasi dan peran tenaga kesehatan.
Pengaruh Media Edukasi Terhadap Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Remaja Tentang Dampak Bullying Pada Kesehatan Mental Di MAN 1 Kota Makassar
Authors: Bobby Julyansyach Syafaat  , Andi Asrina  , Sitti Patimah
Published: February 2025

Bullying merupakan masalah social yang sedang marak terjadi di kalangan remaja. Menurut data KPAI tahun 2021 setiap tahunnya jumlah kasus bullying di Indonesia selalu naik, dan korbannya terbanyak berasal dari lingkungan sekolah. Dalam psikologi kesehatan bullying dapat berdampak pada kesehatan mental. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh media edukasi terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap remaja tentang dampak bullying pada kesehatan mental. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan desain metode Quasi Eksperimen. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa-siswi kelas X1, X7 dan XI MIPA 5 yang berjumlah 113 dan sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 98. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan stratified random sampling. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa ada pengaruh media leaflet tehadap pengetahuan dan sikap secara siginifkan dengan p-value masing-masing variable tersebut secara berturut-turut adalah 0,002 dan 0,035. Demikian pula dengan media video juga berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap remaja tentang dampak bully terhadap kesehatan mental dengan nilai p secara berturut-turut adalah 0,014 dan 0,003. Namun demikian, tidak terdapat perbedaan pengaruh media leaflet dan video terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap dengan nilai p=1,000 untuk pengetahuan dan p= 0,080 untuk sikap. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah ada pengaruh media leaflet dan video terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap remaja tentang dampak bullying pada kesehatan mental namun kedua media edukasi tersebut tidak berbeda bermakna pengaruhnya terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap remaja. Pihak sekolah diharapkan lebih sering mengadakan penyuluhan terkait bullying dan mengeksplor media edukasi lainnya.
CYBERLEAP: The Planning Process for the Security Awareness Game
Authors: Nur Anis Aqilah Muhamad Azahar  , Nurdiana Azizan  , Noraizah Abu Bakar  , Dini Onasis
Published: February 2025

This paper presents the planning process for CyberLeap, a security awareness game for adolescents. In today's digital age, adolescents navigate a world filled with both opportunities and threats. CyberLeap adopts a novel approach to cybersecurity education in recognition of the significance of providing youngsters with the necessary skills to navigate safely (aligned with Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 4: Quality Education and 16: Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions). This casual online game is aimed towards teenagers, drawing them in with interactive tasks that simulate real-life situations, such as password management and phishing attempts. CyberLeap makes learning enjoyable, whether by solving a challenging quiz on secure password creation or identifying a phishing email that appears legitimate. CyberLeap is an educational and entertaining platform that empowers teenagers to become responsible digital citizens by providing a range of tasks, clear feedback explaining correct and incorrect responses, and a rewarding system with points, awards, or even leaderboards. As a result, there may be a safer online atmosphere due to their increased awareness of cyber threats and the encouragement of appropriate online conduct. In the end, CyberLeap advances a more promising cyber world in which teenagers can prosper and confidently explore the immense possibilities of the internet. The implication of the research suggests that integrating engaging, game-based cybersecurity education like CyberLeap into adolescent learning can significantly enhance digital safety and responsibility, contributing to a more secure online environment and supporting SDGs related to quality education and strong institutions. The research concludes that CyberLeap effectively enhances adolescents' cybersecurity awareness and accountable online behaviour through interactive, game-based learning, fostering a safer digital environment and supporting quality education and strong institutions.
The Relationship Between Brain Wave Power Value Of Pain Perception And Empathy Using The Electroencephalogram (EEG)
Authors: Sazali Siti Nur Aisyah , Muhammad Zaim Kashfi Zaman  , Sofina Tamam  , Eizan Azira Mat Sharif  , Muhammad Ali Mustofa Kamal
Published: February 2025

Pain is said to be influenced by many psychological factors such as emotional state that manipulated the level of empathy. However, there are limited studies exploring the neuro-correlation connecting all these aspects. The current study aims to assess the dominant brain wave power value of pain perception and empathy by determining the area activated associated with the imaginary pain under three different categories which are stranger, one-self and loved-one. The study utilized a tool of brain signal detector (electroencephalography (EEG) device) which is Emotiv Insight focusing the relevant area of the brain (AF3, AF4, T7, T8 and Pz) to record the electrical signal of healthy subjects during the pain-visual-stimuli presentations. Images showing the pain condition were used as stimulus material during the EEG brain scanning session. The analysis was performed using Emotive Launcher and Brain Vision Analyzer version 2.2. Findings indicates the imaginary pain has activated the prefrontal area of the brain, specifically the medial frontal gyrus (MFG), superior frontal gyrus (SFG), orbital gyrus, subcallosal gyrus, and rectal gyrus; and revealing theta power band as the most dominant brain wave in this research. These power values also relate with the pain perception that influenced by the empathy level of individuals as observed, individual with high empathy do feel more pain for others. This outcome will help in understanding the mechanism of empathy and pain perception especially when imagining their loved one in pain that could enhance the research development in examining psychological processes.
Kazılık Koca Oğlu Yigenek Boyu'nun Coğrafyası
Authors: Eyüboğlu Dursun Can
Published: February 2025

Çok eski zamanlarda meydana gelen tarihi olayların dilden dile aktarılmasıyla destan haline gelen anlatılar her birkaç yüzyılda bir güncellenerek günümüze gelmektedir. Bu nedenle Dede Korkut da dahil birçok sözlü kültür ürününün temelleri tarihin derinliklerine uzanmaktadır. Dede Korkut Destanları’nın birçok varyantı vardır ve bugün de Türk Dünyası’nın birçok yerinde ve diğer milletlerde yaşamaya devam etmektedir. Coğrafya ve iklim insanların düşüncelerini, davranışlarını, giyim-kuşamlarını, yiyecek içeceklerini, barınma şekillerini, toplumsal düzenlerini, inanışlarını, gelenek-göreneklerini etkilemiş, bu durum destanlara ve Dede Korkut’a yansımıştır. Dede Korkut’ta belirli veya belirsiz olarak temelde Orta Asya coğrafyası görülmektedir. Dede Korkut Kitabı’ndaki yedinci boy Kazılık Koca Oğlu Yigenek Boyu’dur. Boyun konusu, bir babanın tutsak düşmesi ve oğlu tarafından kurtarılmasıdır. Boyun başkahramanı Yigenek’’tir. Bu boy, Salur Kazan Tutsak Olup Oğlu Uruz Çıkardığı Boy ve Uşun Koca Oğlu Segrek Boyu ile birlikte aynı destanın farklı varyantlarıdır. Kazılık Koca Oğlu Yigenek Boyu’nda tarihi-coğrafi-edebi-kültürel olarak başlıca iki coğrafi tabaka bulunmaktadır: Alt Coğrafya ve Üst Coğrafya. Boyun Yeğenek adlı Türkmenistan varyantının olması, boyda geçen birçok yer adı, bu boyun Oğuzların Hazar’ın batısına, Anadolu-Azerbaycan’a göçlerinden önceye, Orta Asya’da bulundukları 10.-11. yüzyıllardan daha eski bir tarihe ait olduğunu göstermektedir. Boyun motifleri, varyantları ve ilişkili anlatılar geniş bir coğrafyada görülmektedir. Boyun coğrafyası kısmen belirgindir. Bu coğrafyada Kazılık, Türkistan, Amu Derya, Karadağlar/Karacuk, Demirkapı yer almaktadır. Boydaki Derbent Hazar Denizi’nin batı kıyısındaki Derbent, Karadeniz bugünkü Karadeniz olabilir. Boydaki coğrafya Orta Asya’dan Karadeniz’e uzanan İskit, Batı Göktürk coğrafyasıdır. Kazılık Koca Oğlu Yigenek Boyu’nda Amıt Suyu, Aygır Gözler Suyu, Demirkapı, Dış Oğuz/Taş Oğuz, Düzmürd Kalası, İç Oğuz, Karadağ, Karadeniz, Kazılık Dağı, Oğuz Eli/Oğuz, Türkistan, Yeni Bayır yer adları geçmektedir. Bu çalışmada Dede Korkut’taki Kazılık Koca Oğlu Yigenek Boyu’nun coğrafyası incelenmiştir.
Bilimsel Araştırmaların Nükleer Silahlara Evrilmesi
Authors: Nazırlı Zarıfa
Published: February 2025

Reel politik uygulayan devletlerin bilimi, güç rekabeti ve kapitalist amaçlar doğrultusunda bir araç olarak kullanma eğiliminde olduğu yaygın olarak kabul edilmektedir. 1941 yılında gerçekleşen Pearl Harbor saldırısının ardından Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nin nükleer silah geliştirme sürecine Manhattan Projesi ile giriş yapması, bu bağlamda etik sorunlar ve uygulama farklılıklarının araştırmaların yönünü değiştirme potansiyeline sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Savaş döneminin zaruretleri, konvansiyonel rekabetin nükleer güç yarışına dönüşmesine yol açarken, bilim insanları nükleer silahlanma yarışını durdurmak veya kontrol altında tutmak amacıyla çeşitli çabalar içine girmiştir. Atom Bilimciler Bülteni ve Pugwash Konferansları gibi girişimlerin, nükleer tehlikeler ve olası riskleri topluma aktarma çabalarının yanı sıra, bilim insanlarının 'Nükleer Kış' terimi aracılığıyla nükleer silahlara karşı duyarlılık geliştirdikleri tespit edilmiştir. Bilimsel araştırmaların özgürlüğünün sağlanması, çalışmaların sürekliliği açısından kritik öneme sahiptir. Nükleer araştırmaların tarihi incelendiğinde, bilimsel çalışmaların politik eylemlere yön verme potansiyeline sahip olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Araştırma, tarihsel olayları takip ederek bilimsel araştırmaların nükleer silahların gelişimine nasıl evrildiğini incelemektedir. Bu bağlamda, bilim ve politikalar arasındaki etkileşim, çalışmanın temel tartışma noktalarından birini oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, bilimsel araştırmaların nükleer teknoloji üzerindeki gelişimini, nükleer fiziğin temellerini ve atom biliminin askeri stratejilere entegrasyonunu tarihsel bir perspektiften inceleyerek, bilimsel araştırmaların militarizasyonunu değerlendirmektir. Bu çalışma, bilimin askeri uygulamalara entegrasyonunda daha derinlemesine bir yaklaşım geliştirilmesini teşvik ederek, ulusal ve küresel güvenliğin korunmasına yönelik koordineli bir çaba oluşturmayı hedeflemektedir. NARA -AAD (National Archives), NSA (National Security Archives), US Department arşivleri ve literatürden elde edilen bilgiler ışığında yapılan çalışmada, kaos döneminde bilim dünyasının siyasetçiler ve askeriye ile faaliyeti detaylı araştırılmıştır.
Erken Cumhuriyet Döneminde Hamza Rüstem Fotoğraflarına Yansıyan Giyim Şekillerinden Türk Toplumunun Modernleşme Çabalarının İfadesi (1920-1940)
Authors: Haylamaz Gülseren
Published: February 2025

Moda kültürel ve bireysel kimliği sergileme aracıdır. Bu sergileme aracının en önemli belgelerinden biri de döneminin giyim kültürünü yansıtan fotoğraflardır. Fotoğraflarla belgelenen giyim kültürü, görsel kültürün bir parçası haline gelir. Bu çalışmada, 1920-1940 yılları arasında Türk toplumunda moda anlayışının gelişimine ve bu süreçte fotoğrafların kültürel bir belge olarak taşıdığı önem İzmir fotoğrafları örnek alınarak ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Türkiye'de moda 20. yüzyıl başlarında İstanbul, İzmir gibi büyük kentlerde kabul görmüş ve talep edilmiştir. 1920 ve 1940 yılları arasında Batı’nın moda anlayışı Türk toplumunun imajını etkilemiş, değişen görünümler dönemin stüdyo ve aile fotoğraflarında belgelenmiştir. Geçmiş dönem moda dergileri, moda illüstrasyonları, moda fotoğrafları dönemin idealize edilmiş moda tarzlarını sergilerken, stüdyo fotoğrafları izleyiciye gerçekte ne tür giysilerin tercih edilmiş olduğunu gösterebilmektedir. Araştırmada, dönemin giyim kültürünün incelenebilmesi amacı ile nitel analiz yöntemi olan göstergebilim analizi kullanılmıştır. Doküman analizinde ise dönemin giyim kültürünü yansıtan fotoğraf incelemesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada İzmir fotoğraflarının tercih edilmesinin nedeni; İzmir’in, Erken Cumhuriyet döneminde ekonomik ve kültürel olarak Batı modasına hızlı uyum sağlayan şehirlerden biri olması ve Türk modernleşme sürecinde önemli bir rol üstlenmesidir. Dönemin ünlü fotoğraf stüdyolarından biri olması nedeni ile İzmirli ailelerin tercih ettiği Hamza Rüstem Stüdyosu, bu süreci belgeleyen görselleri arşivlemesiyle önemli bir kaynak olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bu nedenle araştırmada, İzmir ilinde yer alan, Karşıyaka Hamza Rüstem Fotoğraf Evi Özel Müzesi’nde bulunan yaklaşık yüz yıllık bir geçmişe sahip arşiv ve Hamza Rüstem’in en küçük torunu olan Mert Rüstem’in arşivinde bulunan fotoğraflar detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Aynı zamanda konuyla ilgili yazılı ve görsel kaynaklar taranmıştır. İncelenen fotoğraflar, dönemin giyim kuşam kültürünü ve toplumsal dönüşümün görsel yansımalarını sergilemesi açısından benzersiz birer belge niteliğindedir. Buradan yola çıkılarak, İzmir’in görsel tarihinde ve Türk fotoğraf tarihi içerisinde önemli bir yeri olan Hamza Rüstem Stüdyosu’nda 1920-1940 yıllları arasında çekilmiş, dönemin moda anlayışını, giyim detaylarını yansıtan fotoğraflardan dört tanesi seçilerek incelenmiştir. Görsel kültürün bir parçası olan bu fotoğraflarda yer alan kişilerin, duruşları, giyim şekilleri, giysi detayları, zaman ve mekan ile birlikte değerlendirilerek yorumlanmıştır. Göstergelerin anlamını inceleyen açıklamalar nitel araştırma yönteminin bir parçasıdır. Araştırma, fotoğraflara yansıyan kadın ve erkek giyim şekillerinden, toplumun modernleşme çabalarının nasıl ifade edildiğini göstermektedir
Çevre İletişim Kampanyaları ve Medyanın Rolü
Authors: Aka Lale Barçın
Published: February 2025

Çevre konusu, sosyal politika uygulamaları arasında öncelik verilen konulardandır. Bu konunun önem kazanmasının nedeni çevre sorunlarının önemli düzeyde artış göstermesidir. Çevreyi korumak sağlık açısından hayati önem taşımaktadır. Çevreyi koruma bilinci konusundaki çabaların amacı, insanlar için daha sağlıklı ve güvenli bir alan yaratmaktır. Bu bağlamda, toplumun her kesiminde çevre duyarlılığını arttırma, çevre konusunda hassas bireyler yetiştirerek bu bireylerde kalıcı davranışlar meydana getirme, doğal ve tarihi değerlerin korunması bilincini oluşturma ve toplumsal katılım önem taşımaktadır. Çevre konusunda bireye, kurumlara, şirketlere, devlete büyük sorumluluklar düşmektedir. Bir kampanya yürütürken, çevre bilinci oluşturma aşamasında birbirleriyle ilişki içerisinde olmaları gerekmektedir. Bu da toplumsal etkileşimle mümkündür. Bu ilişkinin kurulmasında toplumsal iletişimin önemi büyüktür. Toplumsal iletişim, bireylerin ve kurumların çabalarıyla oluşur. Bu çalışmada, çevre konusunda farkındalığın oluşturulmasında toplumsal iletişimin, eğitimlerin, medyanın ve iletişim kampanyalarının rolü tartışılmaktadır. Seçilen şirketlerin çevreci kampanyalarının hepsinde toplumda çevre konusuna dair bir bilinç geliştirmeyi amaçladıkları ve hedef kitleye ulaşabilmek için farklı kanalları kullandıkları, özellikle tüm şirketlerin sosyal medyayı tercih ettikleri tespit edilmiştir
Investigating Vocabulary Teaching: Memory Strategies for High School Students
Authors: Luo Qian
Published: February 2025

The present study is an attempt to explore the use of memory strategies in vocabulary acquisition among high school students, with a focus on applying Dual Coding Theory and Gestalt Psychology Theory to have a detailed analysis and evidence-based recommendations. Through a questionnaire survey administered to high school students, this study shows the prevalence and effectiveness of various memory strategies. The findings reveal that contextual, phonetic and repetition strategy are the most popular strategies, while the keyword strategy is less frequently adopted. In light of these results, this study also offers practical suggestions for optimizing the implementation of memory strategies, strengthening teacher training and promoting student autonomy. What’s more, this study highlights the importance of tailoring memory strategies to meet students’ specific needs and underscores the trend for ongoing innovation of memory strategies to enhance students’ overall language proficiency.
The Relationship Between Postpartum Mothers' Knowledge About Jaundice and the Incidence of Neonatal Jaundice in Mrs. T’s Midwifery Practice, Karangtengah District, Cianjur Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Apriani Suci Saftari , Handayani Tri , Anisa Winda R
Published: February 2025

Background: Neonatal jaundice is a condition that appears on the second and third days of life without any pathological cause, resulting from the rapid breakdown of red blood cells, while some newborns' organs are not yet fully functional in processing bilirubin. After a few days, the liver matures, allowing the bilirubin elimination process to proceed effectively. This research aims to explore the correlation between postpartum mothers' understanding of jaundice and the prevalence of neonatal jaundice at Mrs. T Midwife’s Practic in the Karangtengah District of Cianjur Regency in 2024. Methods: The methodology employed in this research is a quantitative approach utilizing analytical survey methods with a cross-sectional design. The total sample for this study consists of 30 individuals, selected through total sampling. The research tools implemented include questionnaire forms and observation sheets that were validated for reliability, as developed by researcher Dina Yuliarti in 2020. The analysis conducted was both univariate and bivariate. Results: Study findings revealing that a significant number of respondents, totaling 19 people (63.3%), possessed adequate knowledge regarding jaundice, while the majority of respondents who had babies without jaundice numbered 20 (66.7%). Among the mothers with sufficient knowledge, 15 individuals (78.9%) had babies who did not exhibit jaundice. Conclusion: A significant relationship was found between maternal knowledge of jaundice and the occurrence of jaundice in newborns, with a p-value of 0.034, which is less than 0.05.
Hydrogel and scalp/skin conductivities impact dose from tumor treating fields
Authors: Lok Edwin , Liang Olivia , Haack Monika , Wong Eric T.
Published: February 2025

Purpose

Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) are delivered by transducer arrays applied to scalp or body surface for treatment of multiple malignancies. Dermatologic complications are thought to be related to hydrogel situated between the electrodes and scalp or skin to facilitate electric field penetration. High intensity of TTFields on these surfaces may also be a contributing factor. We explored conductivity changes in the hydrogel and skin to improve TTFields coverage and penetration.

Methods

Magnetic resonance imaging datasets from 12 glioblastoma patients and attenuation-corrected positron emission tomography–computed tomography datasets from 3 non-small cell lung and 2 ovarian carcinoma patients were used to segment anatomic structures. Finite element mesh models were generated and solved for distribution of applied electric fields, rate of energy deposition, and current density at the gross tumor volume (GTV) and clinical target volume (CTV). Electric field-volume, specific absorption rate–volume, and current density-volume histograms were generated, by which plan quality metrics were used to evaluate relative differences in field coverage between models at various hydrogel and skin conductivities.

Results

By varying conductivity of hydrogel, TTFields coverage at GTV or CTV increased up to 0.5 S/m for head and 1.0 S/m for thorax and pelvis models, and no additional increase was observed beyond these saturation points. Although scalp hotspots increased or decreased by +1.5%, −0.1%, and −0.9% in E5%, SAR5%, and CD5%, the skin hotspots increased by as much as +23.5%, +45.7%, and +20.6%, respectively. When altering conductivity of the entire scalp, TTFields coverage peaked near 1 S/m at the GTV or CTV for the head models. TTFields coverage in both the GTV and scalp increased up to 1 S/m for the head models but plateaued thereafter. Contouring under the scalp increased scalp hotspots by +316% in E5% at 1 S/m compared to altering the conductivity of the entire scalp. GTV hotspots decreased by +17% in E5% at 1 S/m.

Conclusion

TTFields delivery can be modulated by the conductivity of hydrogel and scalp/skin at the transducer-scalp or transducer-skin interface. Optimizing this aspect of TTFields delivery may increase tumor control while minimizing toxicity at the scalp or skin.
Selenium-modified hydroxyapatite titanium coating: enhancing osteogenesis and inhibiting cancer in bone invasion by head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wen Xutao , Zhou Qin , Lin Sihan , Mai Huaming , Zhang Ling
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) frequently invades the jaw, and surgical treatment often leads to bone defects requiring reconstruction with titanium plates. To enhance the anti-tumor and bone regeneration properties of titanium, a selenium-modified hydroxyapatite coating was developed on titanium surfaces.

Methods

Selenium-modified hydroxyapatite coatings was fabricated using micro-arc oxidation (MAO). The coating properties were characterized by SEM, XPS, AFM, Contacting angle test and ICP-OES. Cell proliferation assays were performed using rBMSCs and Cal27 cells. The osteogenic potential of the materials was assessed via ALP and OCN immunofluorescence staining and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Apoptosis in Cal27 cells was analyzed through flow cytometry, and ROS levels in rBMSCs and Cal27 cells were measured using ROS fluorescent probes.

Results

A coating was successfully formed on the surface of titanium with a porous structure via MAO. The atomic percentages of calcium, phosphorus and selenium on the coating surface were 42.47%, 45.43% and 12.3%, respectively, and the ion components could be released steadily and slowly. In vitro, 0.2 µg/mL selenium had toxic effects on Cal27 and promoted osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs. PCR showed that selenium increased the expression of genes related to osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs by 3–5 times. ROS detection found differences in intracellular ROS content between Cal27 and rBMSCs.

Discussion

By incorporating selenium-modified coatings, titanium implant materials can simultaneously promote osteogenesis and inhibit tumor growth, offering a promising strategy for postoperative functional recovery in HNSCC patients.
Novel idebenone derivatives attenuated oxidative stress injury and myocardial damage
Authors: Peng Yuwei , Guo Yishan , Yang Xinyi , Liu Yulan , Xu Xun , Chen Junhong , Liu Xueyi , Xie Zhenrou , Yu Zhiqiang , Wu Dudu , Chen Zhi
Published: February 2025

Oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis was the primary causative factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the existing therapy drugs for oxidative stress were much less investigated, which underlined the necessity for new drug discovery and development. Herein, we aimed to synthesize several novel idebenone (IDE) derivatives and investigate the protective effect and mechanism of these derivatives against H2O2-induced oxidative stress injury in H9C2 cells by determining cell proliferation rate, detecting the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and the expression of related proteins. Additionally, the study also investigated the protective effect of IDE-1 pretreatment on Balb/c mice after hypoxia-reoxygenation. In vivo experiments, the damage to cardiomyocytes was assessed using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. The results showed that IDE-1 possessed the highest antioxidant damage activity among all IDE derivatives, which could notably decrease the levels of intracellular ROS. Furthermore, the antioxidant mechanism was confirmed to be potentially linked to the expression levels of the oxidation-related pathway heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and the apoptosis-related pathway Bcl-2/Bax and caspase-3. Our results demonstrated that IDE derivatives could be a new research direction for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases associated with oxidative stress.
A critical review of microbiome-derived metabolic functions and translational research in liver diseases
Authors: Ganesan Raja , Thirumurugan Durairaj , Vinayagam Saranya , Kim Dong Joon , Suk Ki Tae , Iyer Mahalaxmi , Yadav Mukesh Kumar , HariKrishnaReddy Dibbanti , Parkash Jyoti , Wander Arvinder , Vellingiri Balachandar
Published: February 2025

Significant changes in gut microbial composition are associated with chronic liver disease. Using preclinical models, it has been demonstrated that ethanol/alcohol-induced liver disease is transmissible through fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). So, the survival rate of people with severe alcoholic hepatitis got better, which suggests that changes in the makeup and function of gut microbiota play a role in metabolic liver disease. The leaky intestinal barrier plays a major role in influencing metabolic-related liver disease development through the gut microbiota. As a result, viable bacteria and microbial products can be transported to the liver, causing inflammation, contributing to hepatocyte death, and causing the fibrotic response. As metabolic-related liver disease starts and gets worse, gut dysbiosis is linked to changes in the immune system, the bile acid composition, and the metabolic function of the microbiota in the gut. Metabolic-related liver disease, as well as its self-perpetuation, will be demonstrated using data from preclinical and human studies. Further, we summarize how untargeted treatment approaches affect the gut microbiota in metabolic-related liver disease, including dietary changes, probiotics, antibiotics, and FMT. It discusses how targeted therapies can improve liver disease in various areas. These approaches may improve metabolic-related liver disease treatment options.
Biological boundary conditions regulate the internalization of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia by alveolar cells
Authors: Schiefermeier-Mach Natalia , Polleux Julien , Heinrich Lea , Lechner Lukas , Vorona Olexandra , Perkhofer Susanne
Published: February 2025

Introduction

The lung environment is defined by unique biological boundary conditions, including complex alveolar geometry, extracellular matrix composition and mechanical forces generated during respiration. These factors were shown to regulate alveolar permeability, surfactant secretion, cell contractility and apoptosis, but their role in fungal infections remains unknown. Aspergillus fumigatus is a critical fungal pathogen that causes severe pulmonary infections in immunocompromised individuals. Our study addresses a knowledge gap by investigating how boundary conditions affect A. fumigatus conidia interactions with alveolar epithelial cells.

Methods

We applied micropatterned substrates to confine cells into defined shapes and densities, allowing precise control over geometric conditions and extracellular matrix composition. Using cell line stably expressing the phagolysosomal protein Lamp1-NeonGreen and multiplane fluorescent microscopy, we evaluated A. fumigatus conidia binding and internalization efficiency.

Results

We observed significantly faster and more efficient A. fumigatus conidia internalization in cells confined on micropatterns compared to previously reported studies using cell monolayers. Altering cell geometry, density and extracellular matrix composition strongly affected conidia binding and localization to Lamp1+ phagolysosomes. Cells on X-shaped or multicellular micropatterns showed higher internalization rates, particularly at the periphery, suggesting spatial heterogeneity in pathogen uptake. Additionally, changes in extracellular matrix composition influenced the intracellular trafficking of A. fumigatus conidia.

Discussion

Our findings emphasize the essential role that local mechanical and biochemical cues play in shaping the interactions between fungal pathogens and alveolar cells. Understanding how lung boundary conditions change in disease states will provide important insights into fungal infection outcomes.
Stable heteroclinic channels for controlling a simulated aquatic serpentine robot in narrow crevices
Authors: Mengers Nathaniel , Rouse Natasha , Daltorio Kathryn A.
Published: February 2025

Stable Heteroclinic Channels (SHCs) are dynamical systems composed of connected saddle equilibria. This work demonstrates a control system that combines SHCs with movement primitives to enable swimming in a simulated six segment snake robot. We identify control system parameters for lateral undulation, where all joints oscillate with the same amplitude, and anguilliform swimming, where joint amplitudes increase linearly from the head to the tail. Swimming speed is improved by learning SHC movement primitive parameters. We also propose a method for adapting the gait amplitude and frequency with tactile sensor input to accommodate obstacles. Then, we evaluate the relationship between SHC movement primitive parameters and the resulting trajectories. The swimming speed and efficiency of SHC controllers for each gait are compared against a conventional serpenoid controller, which derives joint trajectories from sinusoids. Controllers are evaluated first in an unobstructed environment, then in straight passages of various widths, and finally in 65 randomly generated uneven channels. We find that the amplitudes of joint oscillations scale proportionally with the SHC controller parameters. Due to gait optimization, as well as adaptive amplitude and frequency in response to tactile input, the learned SHC control system exhibits an average 28.8% greater speed than a serpenoid controller that only adapts amplitude during contact. This research demonstrates that SHCs benefit from intuitive tuning like serpenoid control, while also effectively incorporating sensory information to generate smooth kinematic trajectories.
Association between RC/HDL-C and hyperuricemia in adults: evidence from NHANES 2005-2018
Authors: Tai Yanghao , Chen Bin , Kong Yingming , Wang Xuening
Published: February 2025

Background

The incidence of hyperuricemia is growing in the world, with a significant influence on the survival and healthy condition of the patient. The connection between serum residual cholesterol (RC) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio and hyperuricemia is uncertain. Consequently, we tried to elucidate the connection between the hyperuricemia and RC/HDL-C ratio.

Methods

Based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database, data from 2005 to 2018 were utilized in this cross-sectional research. RC/HDL-C index was calculated by (TC - HDL-C - LDL-C)/HDL-C. Participants were diagnosed with hyperuricemia when the serum uric acid concentration reached 6 mg/dL in women and 7 mg/dL in men. Our researcher utilized smoothed curve fitting and multivariate logistic regression analysis to examine between RC/HDL-C and hyperuricemia among adults. The consistency of these results was examined in various population subgroups.

Results

2376 individuals (19.1%) were stratified into the hyperuricemia group. We observed statistically significant differences (P values < 0.05) in the hyperuricemia population for remaining variables, except for economic level and alcohol drinking. After correcting for potential confounders, our researchers discovered the strong positive connection between the RC/HDL-C and the possibility of incurring hyperuricemia. The incidence of RC/HDL-C elevated by 98% with each additional unit of the RC/HDL-C. Subgroup analyses showed correlations for the majority of subgroups remained stable. However, gender and several diseases may modify this association.

Conclusions

Higher RC/HDL-C is correlated with higher prevalence rate of developing hyperuricemia. However, further research is still required to confirm the causal association.
Biochemical remission, diagnostic delays, and comorbidities of acromegaly in China: a large single-centre retrospective study
Authors: Bai Xue , Duan Lian , Yang Shengmin , Wang Tingyu , Yao Yong , Zhang Meng , Zhou Jingya , Cui Shengnan , Pang Cheng , Wang Yi , Zhu Huijuan
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Long-term biochemical nonremission and long-delayed diagnosis can increase the incidence of comorbidities of acromegaly and seriously affect patients’ quality of life. To identify predictors of biochemical remission and quantify the relationship between delayed diagnosis and comorbidities, we performed a retrospective study of a large, single-centre cohort.

Methods

This retrospective cohort included 1692 hospitalised patients with acromegaly seen in a single referral centre between 2012 and 2020. To account for the longitudinal data structure, generalised estimating equation (GEE) regression models were established to further evaluate the factors associated with biochemical remission.

Results

Overall, 1692 inpatients (55.4% females, mean age at diagnosis: 40.1 ± 12.2 years, mean age at onset: 34.4 ± 11.71 years, median diagnostic delay: 4.4 years) were included. A total of 86.8% (1306/1504) had macroadenomas, and 34.1% (486/1424) had invasive tumours. According to the international diagnostic criteria, the 5-year biochemical remission rate of this cohort was 26.4%, while the Chinese criterion was 41.4%. According to the GEE model, invasion and large adenoma influence biochemical nonremission. After age 50, comorbidities such as hypertension and hyperlipidaemia were considerably more common in females than in males. The proportion of patients with comorbidities among those with a delayed diagnosis ≥4 years was greater than among those with a delayed diagnosis <4 years (54.9 vs. 47.9%, P=0.004).

Conclusion

The older the age at diagnosis and the longer the delay in diagnosis, the greater the incidence of comorbidities, especially in elderly females. Appropriate treatment of acromegaly should be started early to achieve biochemical control.
Prevalence and associated factors of recent HIV-1 infection among newly identified HIV-positive individuals tested with the Asante Rapid Recency assay in Harari region, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Nure Muzemil Ebrahim , Weldegebreal Fitsum , Tebeje Fikru , Sime Akewok , Regassa Lemma Demissie
Published: February 2025

Background

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks the immune system. Globally, more than 79.3 million people have been infected with it, and about 36.3 million people have died since the beginning of the epidemic. Ethiopia is one of the major affected countries in sub-Saharan Africa, with a huge number of people living with HIV. The identification of recent HIV-1 infections plays a crucial role in guiding prevention and control interventions. Moreover, data on the prevalence and factors associated with recent HIV-1 infection among cases tested by the Asante Rapid Recency Assay at health facilities in the Harari region has been inadequate. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of recent HIV-1 infection among newly identified HIV-positive individuals tested with the Asante Rapid Recency Assay in Health Facilities of Harari Region, Eastern Ethiopia.

Methods

Retrospective cross-sectional study was employed using HIV-1 diagnoses data from April 15–20, 2024 with 580 study participants. The data were extracted based on the standardized HIV Case-Based Surveillance report form, as outlined by the Ethiopian Public Health Institute. Data extracted from Redcap were checked and cleared for completeness then entered and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Science software version 27. Bivariate and multivariable regression analyses were carried out to examine the associations between dependent and independent variables. A P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

The overall prevalence of recent HIV infection was 9.1% (95% CI: 7.0%, 11.8%). The highest proportion of recent HIV infections was in the year 2019 [9(22.5%)]. The study also found that no formal education (AOR = 18.424, 95% CI = 1.468–231.2), primary educational level (AOR = 22.1, 95% CI = 1.91–256.1, P = 0.013), no formal education (AOR = 18.424, 95% CI = 1.468–231.2, P = 0.028), having sex in the last 12 months (AOR = 5.508, 95% CI = 2.167–15.7, P = <.001), having sex with known/suspected HIV positive (AOR = 4.35, 95% CI = 1.455–13.04, P = 0.009) and Illicit drug use (AOR = 57.8, 95% CI = 16.19–207.5, P = <.001) had higher likelihood of having recent HIV infection.

Conclusion

This study found a 9.1% proportion of recent HIV infections, indicating significant ongoing HIV transmission within the community. The study also revealed multiple risk factors for recent HIV infection, including lower educational levels, recent sexual activity, sex with high-risk partners, and drug use. This study emphasizes the significance of improving targeted HIV preventive programs.
Analysis of influencing factors and establishment of prediction model for successful vaginal delivery after cesarean section
Authors: Zhang Hongxia , Yu Lin , Wei Songquan , Li Guiming
Published: February 2025

Objective

To explore the influencing factors of vaginal delivery after cesarean section, establish a predictive model, and identify potential factors for perinatal complications.

Materials and methods

This is a retrospective analysis of women who attempted a trial of labor after cesarean section(TOLAC) at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University and subsequently gave birth in this hospital between 31 December 31 2017 and December 2023. Associations between maternal characteristics and success of TOLAC were assessed using univariate and logistic regression. A predictive model was developed and performance was assessed using the acceptor-operator curve (ROC).

Results

A total of 10,277 pregnant women with a history of previous cesarean section were identified during the observation period, 1,065 attempted TOLAC, which 839 were successful vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) and 226 failed vaginal trials. We have developed and validated a simple nomogram prediction model based on common antenatal predictors, which are independently associated with successful TOLAC, including maternal age, height, cervical Bishop score, estimated fetal weight, and use of oxytocin and artificial rupture of membranes to induce labor. The prediction model has been established and verified, and the model demonstrates good prediction efficiency, with an area under the ROC curve of 83.1%. Compared with the TOLAC-failure group and the ERCD group, the VBAC group had the lowest amount of bleeding in intrapartum and 24 h after delivery, puerperal infection, and uterine rupture. Nevertheless, the prevalence of placental abruption and the incidence of neonatal neonatal intensive care unit were higher in this cohort.

Conclusion

TOLAC is an important public health strategy in China. The results of our study can be used to improve counselling, reduce decision-making conflicts and increase the success rate of trials of vaginal delivery, ultimately improving the prognosis for mother and baby, by providing case-specific possibilities for counselling and management of women with a history of caesarean section and according to the characteristics of each pregnancy.
Ex vivo lung perfusion: recent advancements and future directions
Authors: Nakata Kentaro , Alderete Isaac S. , Hughes Benjamin A. , Hartwig Matthew G.
Published: February 2025

Ex-vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) has emerged as a transformative technique in lung transplantation, offering a solution for evaluating and rehabilitating donor lungs that would otherwise be deemed unsuitable. This review article examines the significant advancements in EVLP technology and its application in clinical practice. We discuss the criteria for selection and rehabilitation of donor lungs, emphasizing the use of EVLP for lungs with compromised function due to factors like prolonged ischemic time and donor smoking history. Further, we elaborate on the technological advancements that have improved the functional assessment of lungs, including the development of more sophisticated perfusion solutions and the integration of artificial intelligence for real-time assessment. Additionally, we discuss the future prospects of EVLP, focusing on potential innovations in perfusion solutions, the integration of regenerative medicine and gene therapy to improve allograft quality. Through this comprehensive review, we aim to provide a clear understanding of the current status of EVLP and its promising future directions, ultimately contributing to improved outcomes in lung transplantation.
BLIMP-1-dependent differentiation of T follicular helper cells into Foxp3+ T regulatory type 1 cells
Authors: Garnica Josep , Yamanouchi Jun , Clarke Robert , Moro Joel , Thiessen Shari , Montaño Javier , Mondal Debajyoti , Serra Pau , Santamaria Pere
Published: February 2025

T-regulatory-type-1 (TR1) cells are a subset of interleukin-10-producing but Foxp3– Treg cells that arise in response to chronic antigenic stimulation. We have shown that systemic delivery of autoimmune disease-relevant peptide-major histocompatibility complex class II (pMHCII)-coated nanoparticles (pMHCII-NP) triggers the formation of large pools of disease-suppressing Foxp3– TR1 cells from cognate T-follicular helper (TFH) cell precursors. Here we show that, upon treatment withdrawal, these Foxp3– TR1 cells spontaneously differentiate into a novel immunoregulatory Foxp3+ TR1 subset that inherits epigenetic and transcriptional hallmarks of their precursors, including clonotypic T-cell receptors, and is distinct from other Foxp3+ Treg subsets. Whereas the transcription factor BLIMP-1 is dispensable for development of conventional Foxp3+ Treg cells, it is necessary for development of Foxp3+ TR1 cells. In a model of central nervous system autoimmunity, abrogation of BLIMP-1 or IL-10 expression in the Foxp3– and/or Foxp3+ TR1 subsets inhibits their development or anti-encephalitogenic activity. Thus, the TFH-TR1 transdifferentiation pathway results in the generation of two distinct autoimmune disease-suppressing, IL-10-producing TR1 subsets that are distinguished by the expression of Foxp3 and Foxp3 target genes.
Ferroptosis and cuproptosis in periodontitis: recent biological insights and therapeutic advances
Authors: Zheng Tengyi , Lu Fumiao , Wu Peihang , Chen Yangan , Zhang Rongxin , Li Xin
Published: February 2025

Periodontitis is a significant global public health issue associated with the onset and progression of various systemic diseases, thereby requiring additional research and clinical attention. Although ferroptosis and cuproptosis have emerged as significant areas of research in the medical field, their precise roles in the pathogenesis of periodontitis remain unclear. We aim to systematically summarize the current research on ferroptosis and cuproptosis in periodontal disease and investigate the roles of glutathione pathway and autophagy pathway in connecting ferroptosis and cuproptosis during periodontitis. Further, we propose that a homeostatic imbalance of copper and iron, driven by periodontal pathogens, may contribute to elevated periodontal oxidative stress, representing a potential unifying link between ferroptosis and cuproptosis involved in periodontitis. This article presents a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying ferroptosis and cuproptosis in periodontitis, offering novel theoretical insights into its pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets.
A comprehensive prognostic and immunological implications of Gremlin 1 in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Hongyan , Zhou Yang , Xiao Jiaqing , Liu Fang
Published: February 2025

Background

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a prevalent form of lung cancer globally, known for its high invasiveness, metastatic potential, and notable heterogeneity, particularly in its response to immunotherapy. Gremlin 1 (GREM1) is implicated in tumor progression and poor prognosis in multiple cancers. However, GREM1’s specific role in LUAD remains unclear. This study systematically examines GREM1 expression in LUAD and its association with tumor progression, immune microenvironment, and prognosis.

Methods

Gene expression data from the TCGA and GSE31210 databases were analyzed using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. The prognostic value of GREM1 was evaluated through survival analysis, Cox regression, and Kaplan-Meier curves. Additionally, immune microenvironment analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between GREM1 and immune cell infiltration. In vitro experiments, including Western blot and assays for cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, were performed to confirm the specific role of GREM1 in LUAD cells.

Results

GREM1 was significantly upregulated in tumor tissues and correlated with poor prognosis. Moreover, GREM1 was significantly associated with immune cell infiltration and immunotherapy response within the immune microenvironment. In vitro experiments confirmed that GREM1 overexpression significantly promoted LUAD cell proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), whereas GREM1 knockdown suppressed these functions.

Conclusions

A comprehensive analysis indicates that GREM1 is crucial in LUAD progression, with its overexpression predicting poor prognosis. GREM1 could be a potential therapeutic target for LUAD, providing insights for personalized therapy optimization.