bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VIDEOFLUOROSCOPIC EVALUATION OF SWALLOWS IN ANOREXIA NERVOSA
Authors: SANTOS Carla Manfredi , CASSIANI Rachel Aguiar , DANTAS Roberto Oliveira
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT Background There are some studies in the literature about the feeding behavior and masticatory process in patients with feeding disorders; however, it is not very well known if there are alterations in oral-pharyngeal swallowing dynamics in subjects with anorexia nervosa. Objective To evaluate the oral and pharyngeal bolus transit in patients with anorexia nervosa. Methods The study was conducted with 8 individuals clinically diagnosed and in treatment for restricting-type anorexia nervosa (seven women and one man), and 14 healthy individuals with no digestive or neurological symptoms (10 women, 4 men). Swallows were evaluated by videofluoroscopy with three swallows of 5 mL liquid bolus and three swallows of 5 mL paste bolus consistency, given in a random sequence. The participants were asked after each swallow about the sensation of the bolus passage. Results In the analysis of oral-pharyngeal transit duration, the mean duration of pharyngeal transit with paste bolus in patients with anorexia was shorter than in healthy volunteers (P=0.02). In the duration of movement of the hyoid bone, longer movement was observed in anorexia than in healthy volunteers with liquid bolus (P=0.01). With liquid bolus, five (62.5%) patients and one (7.1%) control had sensation of the bolus passage (P<0.05). Conclusion There seems to be no important alterations of swallowing in subjects with anorexia nervosa, although the results suggest that pharyngeal transit has shorter duration than that seen in healthy volunteers and the hyoid movement duration is longer in patients than in healthy volunteers. Fast pharyngeal transit may be the cause of bolus transit perception in patients with anorexia nervosa.
MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF BILE IN PATIENTS WITH BENIGN AND MALIGNANT BILIOPANCREATIC DISEASES AND ITS CONSEQUENCES
Authors: ALVES José Roberto , SILVA Rodrigo do Carmo , GUERRA Sâmea Costa Pinheiro , FREITAS Tiago Tavares de , SOUZA Dyego Leandro Bezerra de , AMICO Enio Campos
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT Background Bactibilia has several consequences to human health. Objetive Assessing the bile microbiology of patients with biliopancreatic diseases in order to identify bacteria and their possible infectious complications. Methods Retrospective study of 30 bile culture samples from patients with benign and malignant biliopancreatic diseases. The samples were assessed to set the bile microbiological flora and to search for its possible link with comorbidity, carcinogenesis and postoperative infectious complications. Results Thirty bile samples from patients at mean age ≈57.7 years, mostly female (n=18), were assessed. Bactibilia was found in 12 cases, mostly in patients with benign diseases (n=8), older than 50 years (n=23) and female (n=10). Adenocarcinoma of the duodenal papilla (n=9) and cholelithiasis (n=8) were the most common diseases. Escherichia coli (n=5) and Klebsiella sp (n=3) were predominantly found in patients with benign diseases; and Klebsiella sp (n=2) and Streptococcus sp (n=2) were prevalent in cancer patients. There were postoperative infectious complications in seven cases, five of them in bactibilia-associated patients (P=0.084). Conclusion Bactibilia was found in 12 samples and Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp were most often identified in patients with benign diseases, as well as Streptococcus sp and Klebsiella sp in cancer patients. There was a trend of higher postoperative infectious complication incidence in patients with bactibilia.
IS RESECTION OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN THE ERA OF LIVER TRANSPLANTATION WORTHWILE? A single center experience
Authors: HERMAN Paulo , LOPES Felipe de Lucena Moreira , KRUGER Jaime Arthur Pirola , FONSECA Gilton Marques , JEISMANN Vagner Birk , COELHO Fabricio Ferreira
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT Background - Liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma is a potentially curative therapeutic procedure that can be performed readily after its indication, without the need of a long waiting time and lower costs when compared to liver transplantation, being a good alternative in patients with preserved/good liver function. Objective - Evaluate long-term results of liver resection from a high volume single center for selected patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in a context of a long waiting list for liver transplant. Methods - One hundred and one patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, with a mean age of 63.1 years, and preserved liver function were submitted to liver resection. Clinical and pathological data were evaluated as prognostic factors. Mean follow-up was 39.3 months. Results - All patients had a single nodule and 57 (58.2%) patients were within the Milan criteria. The size of the nodule ranged from 1 to 24 cm in diameter. In 74 patients, liver resection was performed with the open approach and in 27 (26.7%) was done laparoscopically. Postoperative morbidity was 55.3% being 75.5% of the complications classified as Dindo-Clavien I and II and operative mortality was 6.9%. Five-year overall and disease free survival rates were 49.9% and 40.7%, respectively.After a log-rank univariate analysis, the levels of preoperative alpha-fetoprotein (P=0.043), CA19-9 (P=0.028), capsule invasion (P=0.03), positive margin (R1-R2) (P=0.004) and Dindo-Claviens' morbidity classification IV (P=0.001) were the only parameters that had a significant negative impact on overall survival. On the odds-ratio evaluation, the only significant factors for survival were high levels of alpha-fetoprotein (P=0.037), and absence of free margins (P=0.008). Conclusion - Resection, for selected cases, is a potentially curative treatment with acceptable morbidity and mortality and, in a context of a long waiting list for transplant, plays an important role for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
PREVALENCE OF OCCULT HEPATITIS B INFECTION IN IRANIAN CANCER PATIENTS BEFORE CHEMOTHERAPY TREATMENT
Authors: BAGHBANIAN Mahmud , HALVANI Mehdi , ROGHANI Hassan Salman , LOTFI Mohammad Hassan , YAZDI Mohammad Frahat , VAHEDIAN-ARDAKANI Hassan-Ali
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT Background Occult hepatitis B infection is characterized by negative hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and also detectable hepatitis B virus (HBV) -DNA, with or without hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc). HBV reactivation in individuals under immunosuppressive therapy is critical, occurring in occult HBV. Objective In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of occult HBV infection among hepatitis B surface antigen negative in cancer patients before receiving chemotherapy. Methods Sera from 204 cancer patients who were negative for HBsAg, were tested for anti-HBc antibodies. The samples that were negative for HBsAg but positive for anti-HBc also examined for HBV-DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results Of the 204 HBsAg negative blood samples, 11 (5.4%) samples were positive for anti-HBc antibodies. HBV-DNA was detected in 9/11 (81%) of anti-HBc positive samples. Occult HBV infection in hematological cancers was more than solid cancers, 4.8% and 4.3% respectively. There was no significant difference in HBc antibody positivity based on vaccination, previous blood transfusions, history of familial hepatitis or biochemical parameters (ALT, AST, total and direct bilirubin levels) (P>0.05). Conclusion Screening of occult HBV infection by HBsAg, HBV DNA and anti HB core antibody should be suggested as a routine investigation in cancer patients before receiving chemotherapy.
HIV AND HEPATITIS C VIRUS COINFECTION. WHO IS THIS PATIENT TODAY?
Authors: ANTONELLO Vicente Sperb , ANTONELLO Ivan Carlos Ferreira , ZALTRON Rosana Ferrazza , TOVO Cristiane Valle
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT Background - The increase in the survival following the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has seen the emergence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, renal and cardiovascular diseases as important morbidity and mortality causes together with HIV. Objective - The present study aimed to investigate the differences between HIV/hepatitis C virus coinfected and HIV-monoinfected regarding demographic and clinical aspects from a HIV/AIDS clinic in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Methods - Review of medical records of 1,030 HIV infected individuals aged 18 years or more in an urban HIV/AIDS clinic based in Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil. Clinical and demographical Data were collected from the records of the patients attended between March 2008 and December 2012. Results - The present study is a cross-sectional study among HIV-infected patients attended at a public HIV/AIDS clinic in Porto Alegre, Brazil. The prevalence of hepatitis C virus in the present study cohort was 11.8% (CI 95%: 9.9%-13.8%). Hypertension and pathological proteinuria were more common in the coinfected compared to monoinfected group. By the other hand, dyslipidemia were more common among monoinfected patients. There was no difference between the groups regarding CD4+ count or HIV-RNA. Variables significant in the univariate analysis with P<0.05 were further analyzed using a Poisson regression model with robust variance. Coinfected were likely to be older, with lower lipid levels and higher prevalence of pathological proteinuria compared to HIV-monoinfected patients. Although coinfected patients had higher prevalence of tenofovir-based regimen, there was a strong association between hepatitis C virus individuals to pathological proteinuria and dyslipidemia. Conclusion - Clinicians should recognize that coinfected and monoinfected individuals are different groups regarding the traditional and HIV-related risk factors and should be managed and screened individually in order to prevent cardiovascular and renal complications.
ENDOSCOPIC GASTRIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION: experimental comparative protocol between standard technique and Hybrid-Knife(r)
Authors: MENDONÇA Ernesto Quaresma , ZURETTI Lucas Snioka , PANZANI Thiago , SULBARAN Marianny , SAKAI Christiano Makoto , SAKAI Paulo
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT Background Endoscopic treatment of superficial gastrointestinal tumors is routinely performed, however the advantages and shortcomings of submucosal pressure-jet dissection is still debated. Objective - Aiming to compare this technique with conventional submucosal dissection, a study was designed in pigs. Methods - Areas of the antral mucosa of the stomach with a diameter of 2 cm2 (6 per animal) were marked, and resected by means of the hybrid-knife (experimental technique), and Flush-knife or IT-knife (controls). An ERBE ICC 300 electrosurgical unit was adopted. End-points were procedural time, complications, and quality of the resected specimen. Results - A total of 27 interventions were conducted in five animals. Time spent with the two options was quite short, and similar: 9.5±3.1 vs 8.0±3.0 minutes (P=0.21). Complications didn't differ (three per group, not significant), and removed specimen looked adequate in both circumstances. Conclusion - The hybrid-knife technique is an acceptable alternative to submucosal dissection, showing no difference compared to the standard technique taking into consideration the procedure, the presence of complications and the quality of the resected specimen.
RELIABILITY OF THE FATIGUE SEVERITY SCALE IN CIRRHOTIC AND CORRELATION WITH DEPRESSION AND QUALITY OF LIFE: preliminary assessment
Authors: ROSSI Danusa , GALANT Lucas Homercher , MARRONI Claudio Augusto
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT Background Fatigue is a common complaint in patients with liver disease and may be considered a disabling symptom, affecting their quality of life and mental health. The Brazilian version of the Fatigue Severity Scale showed sensitivity to assess fatigue in some populations, but has not been tested in cirrhotic individuals. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of the Fatigue Severity Scale and association with depression and quality of life in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods A prospective cohort study where the same interviewer applied to 25 patients Fatigue Severity Scale questionnaires, Brazilian version of the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI- II) and Brazilian version of the Short Form Health Survey II (SF-36 v.II). Evaluating the reliability of the Fatigue Severity Scale through internal consistency and reproducibility was conducted. Results Statistical analysis showed strong internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.917) and intraobserver reproducibility test, there was no significant difference between both moments (P=0.828). Fatigue Severity Scale was significantly associated with BDI- II (r=0.478; P=0.016) and quality of life in areas PF (r=-0.484; P=0.014), BP (r=-0.402; P=0.046) and GH (r=-0.406; P=0.044) and SF (r=-0.520; P=0.008). Conclusion The Fatigue Severity Scale showed satisfactory reliability in evaluation of fatigue in cirrhotic and can be used as a tool for this purpose. Fatigue is related to depression and quality of life in the physical aspects domains, pain, general health and social aspects.
THERAPIES FOR CROHN'S DISEASE: a clinical update
Authors: SOBRADO Carlos Walter , LEAL Raquel Franco , SOBRADO Lucas Faraco
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT The main objectives of clinical therapy in Crohn's disease are clinical and endoscopic remission without the use of corticosteroids for long periods of time, prevention of hospitalization and surgery, and improvement of quality of life. The main limitation of drug therapy is the loss of response over the long term, which makes incorporation of new drugs to the therapeutic arsenal necessary. This review analyses the main drugs currently used in clinical treatment of Crohn's disease.
Virulence profiles of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli isolated from piglets with post-weaning diarrhea and classification according to fecal consistency
Authors: Sato José Paulo H. , Takeuti Karine L. , Andrade Mariana R. , Koerich Priscilla K.V. , Tagliari Vinícius , Bernardi Mari L. , Cardoso Marisa R.I. , Barcellos David E.S.N.
Published: July 2016

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the frequency and association of virulence factors of Escherichia (E.) coli isolated from weaned piglets with diarrhea and to correlate it with fecal consistency. A total of 152 rectal swabs were collected from 25-40 day-old piglets with diarrhea, in farms of Southern Brazil. Phenotypical and molecular techniques were used for bacterial isolation, characterization and classification of enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) pathotypes. Statistical analysis was carried out to determine the frequency of virulence factors and virotypes, of fimbriae F4, F5, F6, F18, F41 and toxins LT, STa, STb and STx2e. Out of 456 E. coli isolates, 287 (62.9%) samples showed significant growth of E. coli. Among them, 194 (67.6%) samples showed at least one virulence factor, indicating that ETEC is an important etiological agent of diarrhea in weaned piglets. Higher frequencies were found of fimbria F4 and F18 and enterotoxins LT, STa and STb. Significant association was found to F4, LT, STa and STb; between F18 and STa and STx2e; between F5 and LT, STa and STb. The most frequent virotypes were F18-STa, F4-LT-STa-STb, F4-STa, F4-LT-STb and F18-STa-STx2e. Beta-hemolysis was observed in 47.4% of samples and there was significant association between hemolytic samples and virulence factors F4, F18, STa and STx2e. Regarding fecal consistency, there was significant association of liquid feces and F4 fimbria, STa toxin and virotypes F4-STa and F4-F5-LT-STa-STb. Since there was significant association of ETEC and liquid feces in nursery piglets, it is important to prioritize the sampling of liquid feces for the diagnosis etiologic cause of diarrhea.
Influence of scrotal bipartition on spermatogenesis yield and sertoli cell efficiency in sheep
Authors: Rodrigues Ramon T.G.A. , Santos José R.S. , Azerêdo Lilianne M.S. , Rocha Ediane F. , Carvalho Maria A.M. , Portal Maria J.I.D. , Sousa Otávio B. , Menezes Danilo J.A.
Published: July 2016

Abstract With the objective to assess the effect of scrotal bipartition on spermatogenesis in sheep, the testes were used from 12 crossbred rams of sheep farms in the municipality of Patos, Paraíba, Brazil, distributed into two groups: GI with six rams with scrotal bipartition, and GII with six rams without scrotal bipartition. The testicular biometry was measured and the testes were collected, fixed in Bouin and fragments were processed to obtain histological slides. The spermatogenesis yield and the Sertoli cell efficiency was estimated by counting the cells of the spermatogenetic line at stage one of the seminiferous epithelium cycle and the Sertoli cells. The results were submitted to analysis of variance with the ASSISTAT v.7.6 program and the mean values were compared by the Student-Newman-Keuls test (SNK) at 5% significance. The testicular biometric parameters did not show statistical difference (p>0.05) between the groups. The meiotic, spermatogenetic and Sertoli cell efficiency were higher in bipartitioned rams (p<0.05), while the mitotic yield did not differ (p>0.05) between GI and GII. The results indicated that there is superiority in the spermatogenetic parameters of bi-partitioned rams, suggesting that these sheep present, as reported in goats, indication of better reproductive indices.
Análise morfométrica da parede intestinal e dinâmica de mucinas secretadas no jejuno de frangos suplementados com probiótico Bacillus subtilis cepa C3102
Authors: Rocha Priscilla M.C. , Barros Maria E.G. , Evêncio-Neto Joaquim
Published: July 2016

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a morfometria da parede intestinal e a dinâmica de mucinas secretadas no jejuno de frangos de corte suplementadas com probiótico Bacillus subtilis cepa C3102. Foram utilizados 720 pintinhos com um dia de vida, divididos em dois grupos: GA (Grupo controle) - aves alimentadas com ração sem suplementação de Bacillus subtilis cepa C3102 (1º ao 35º dia) e GB (Grupo tratado) - aves alimentadas com ração com suplementação de Bacillus subtilis cepa C3102 (1º ao 35º dia). Aos 7 e 35 dias 2cm do jejuno foram coletados e submetidos à rotina de processamento histológico. Cortes transversais de 1μm foram corados pela técnica do Alcian Blue (AB) para detecção de sialomucinas (pH 0,5) e sulfomucinas (pH 2,5), como também para contagem de células caliciformes presentes. A análise histoquímica revelou uma maior quantidade de sialomucinas presentes no jejuno dos animais que foram suplementados com probiótico Bacillus subtilis cepa C3102 (GB), quando comparados com os animais do grupo controle (GA). O número de células caliciformes presentes no grupo tratado (GB) foi superior ao grupo controle (GA).
Morfologia da língua do cervo do pantanal (Blastocerus dichotomus)
Authors: Machado Márcia R.F. , Pacheco Maria R. , Leal Leonardo M. , Martins Leandro L. , Reis Ana C.G. dos , Duarte José M.B.
Published: July 2016

Resumo Objetivou-se descrever a morfologia da língua do cervo do pantanal (Blastocerus dichotomus), o maior cervídeo da fauna brasileira, pois poucas são as informações detalhadas sobre sua morfologia. Línguas e fragmentos linguais de oito cervos do pantanal, adultos, provenientes do Projeto Cervo-do-Pantanal de Porto Primavera foram analisados quanto aos seus aspectos macroscópicos e à microscopia de luz. A língua do cervo do pantanal ocupa grande parte da cavidade oral, onde a raiz e o corpo estão fixados caudalmente pelo osso hióide e, em sua porção média, pelo frênulo lingual; seu ápice, achatado e plano é livre; apresenta torus lingual pouco proeminente, não havendo delimitação da fossa lingual. Na superfície dorsal encontram-se as seguintes papilas: filiformes, cônicas, lenticulares, fungiformes e valadas. Histologicamente verificou-se que a mucosa reveste-se de epitélio estratificado pavimentoso queratinizado, a lâmina própria constitui-se de tecido conjuntivo, rico em fibras colágenas dispostas em várias direções, onde se verifica abundante vascularização, além de acúmulo de tecido linfático.
Ciência e miscigenação racial no início do século XX: debates e controvérsias de Edgard Roquette-Pinto com a antropologia física norte-americana
Authors: Souza Vanderlei Sebastião de
Published: July 2016

Resumo O artigo analisa a participação do antropólogo brasileiro Edgard Roquette-Pinto no debate internacional envolvendo o campo da antropologia física e as discussões sobre miscigenação racial nas primeiras décadas do século XX. Trata especialmente da leitura, das interpretações e das controvérsias que o cientista brasileiro produziu com um grupo de antropólogos e eugenistas norte-americanos, entre eles nomes como Charles Davenport, Madison Grant e Franz Boas. O artigo também problematiza as diferentes formas de leitura e de apropriação intelectual, a circulação internacional de ideias e o modo como as interpretações antropológicas produzidas por Roquette-Pinto ganharam novos sentidos ao romper as fronteiras nacionais.
O micróbio protagonista: notas sobre a divulgação da bacteriologia na Gazeta Médica da Bahia, século XIX
Authors: Malaquias Anderson Gonçalves
Published: July 2016

Resumo A teoria dos germes, decorrente, em especial, dos trabalhos de Louis Pasteur e Robert Koch, fez estremecer as bases do saber médico a partir da segunda metade do período oitocentista e promoveu uma revolução na “arte de curar”. A busca por micróbios específicos para as doenças norteou as investigações de pesquisadores convertidos aos dogmas pasteurianos. Este trabalho procura mostrar, em linhas gerais, o papel desempenhado pela Gazeta Médica da Bahia no processo de divulgação da bacteriologia junto às comunidades médicas baiana e nacional. O artigo apresenta alguns trabalhos e reflexões de colaboradores do periódico e destaca algumas controvérsias que ajudaram a traçar um panorama da difusão da teoria dos germes pelo Brasil ao longo do século XIX.
“Não tem corpo, não tem crime”: notas socioantropológicas sobre o ato de fazer desaparecer corpos
Authors: Araújo Fábio Alves
Published: July 2016

Resumo O artigo propõe uma análise socioantropológica sobre o fenômeno do desaparecimento de pessoas. A reflexão é construída a partir do diálogo com o trabalho de outros pesquisadores e com base em material levantado em meu próprio trabalho de campo, que inclui o acompanhamento de coletivos de familiares de vítimas de violência, entrevistas, documentação jornalística, estatísticas criminais, legislação sobre o assunto e boletins de ocorrência. Em meio ao emaranhado de atores e enunciados que constroem o desaparecimento enquanto problema policial, familiar e assistencial, interrogo sobre as possíveis relações entre desaparecimentos e homicídios. Argumento que o ato de fazer desaparecer corpos – enquanto prática-evento – fornece um denominador comum para policiais, milicianos e traficantes, atores que ora colaboram entre si, ora disputam. Corpos e pessoas desaparecidas fazem parte da linguagem do confronto, podendo inclusive ser objeto de transação. O desaparecimento forçado corresponde a um dispositivo de força situado entre a violência estatal e a violência criminal.
Coordenação como tecnologia de governo
Authors: Hirata Daniel , Cardoso Bruno
Published: July 2016

Resumo O presente artigo fornece elementos para se pensar a coordenação como uma técnica de governo. Partiremos de duas pesquisas realizadas junto ao Centro Integrado de Comando e Controle (CICC) e à Secretaria Especial de Ordem Pública (SEOP) na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Considerando que o CICC e a SEOP produziram algumas das mais importantes transformações nas áreas de segurança pública e de ordem urbana dos últimos anos nessa cidade, é significativa sua centralidade para ambas. A coordenação emerge na SEOP por meio da construção de um novo design institucional, articulando o trabalho de secretarias, coordenadorias e autarquias já existentes para produzir efeitos na produção da ordem urbana. Já no CICC, a coordenação resulta do esforço de integrar informações através da construção de um grande sistema informacional e de controle visando responder rapidamente às necessidades em eventos cotidianos assim como naqueles considerados críticos.
Os Xikrin da Terra Indígena Trincheira-Bacajá e os Estudos Complementares do Rio Bacajá: reflexões sobre a elaboração de um laudo de impacto ambiental
Authors: Mantovanelli Thais
Published: July 2016

Resumo Como se produz um estudo de impacto ambiental? O objetivo aqui é apresentar o processo de elaboração de dados e redação dos Estudos Complementares do Rio Bacajá, um estudo de impacto ambiental realizado na Terra Indígena Trincheira-Bacajá decorrente da construção do Aproveitamento Hidrelétrico de Belo Monte na região do Médio Xingu. Através do acompanhamento das equipes de especialistas nas aldeias, durante a etapa de coleta de dados, e do descontentamento dos Xikrin com o resultado final do laudo, intenta-se problematizar a forma de realização desse tipo de documento. Como garantir a presença e a voz dos conhecimentos dos povos indígenas nesses processos? Com essa questão colocada pelos Xikrin, durante a apresentação do resultado final dos Estudos, pretendo tornar visíveis as teorias dos Xikrin sobre a relação hidrológica do rio Bacajá com o rio Xingu e suas previsões de impacto, que foram obliteradas pela versão final do documento.
Deconstruyendo al inmigrante latinoamericano: las políticas migratorias ibéricas como tecnologías neocoloniales
Authors: Padilla Beatriz , Cuberos-Gallardo Francisco José
Published: July 2016

Resumen Las migraciones latinoamericanas hacia la Península Ibérica han experimentado un fuerte crecimiento durante las dos últimas décadas. En este contexto, los estados español y portugués han implementado políticas que construyen al inmigrante latinoamericano como un extranjero excepcional, subrayando una supuesta compatibilidad cultural como garantía de una mejor integración social en la sociedad receptora. El tratamiento político y legal diferenciado hacia esta población entronca así con un discurso que enfatiza la importancia de los vínculos históricos y culturales que unen a Latinoamérica y a la Península Ibérica desde hace cinco siglos. Partiendo de las teorías decoloniales, este trabajo aborda de manera comparada la evolución de este discurso político-legal en España y Portugal a lo largo de los últimos veinte años, prestando especial atención tanto a sus manifestaciones concretas en leyes y políticas públicas como a los distintos momentos en que ha sido adoptado, mantenido y abandonado en función de las circunstancias.
Agência e subjetivação na gestão de pessoas com deficiência: a inclusão no mercado de trabalho de um jovem diagnosticado com autismo
Authors: Aydos Valéria
Published: July 2016

Resumo A partir da implementação do Projeto Piloto de Incentivo à Aprendizagem de Pessoas com Deficiência do Rio Grande do Sul, uma rede de atores passa a promover a inclusão destas pessoas no mercado de trabalho por meio da Lei de Cotas 8213/91. Neste contexto, as experiências de pessoas com autismo trouxeram à tona discussões teóricas e práticas sobre a condição desse diagnóstico ser caracterizado como deficiência, assim como sobre as formas de gestão dessas pessoas no cotidiano laboral. Tomás é um dos jovens que acompanhei durante sua participação no Projeto. Através da etnografia do seu “caso” podemos refletir sobre os efeitos das políticas de inclusão nas práticas de gestão e nos processos de subjetivação das pessoas com deficiência, bem como lançar luz sobre as possibilidades de agência dessas pessoas frente à construção simbólica e prática de cidadania e “sensibilidades sociais” no Brasil.
Epigênese e epigenética: as muitas vidas do vitalismo ocidental
Authors: Silva Gláucia , Duarte Luiz Fernando Dias
Published: July 2016

Resumo A análise da história e dos usos contemporâneos dos termos epigênese, atribuído a Aristóteles, e epigenética, criado no século XX pelo biólogo C. H. Waddington, revela as tensões entre as perspectivas vitalistas e mecanicistas – ou epigenistas e pré-formacionistas – que têm se contraposto regularmente no seio das ciências da vida na cultura ocidental desde o século XVII. O campo demarcado pelo último termo abriga intensas discussões sobre os limites do neodarwinismo, abrindo espaço para a influência do meio na transmissão transgeracional. Essas tensões e polêmicas encontram fundo eco nas ciências humanas, por postularem diferentes pesos e implicações da herança “natural” para a vida mental, social ou cultural no desenvolvimento e efetivação da humanidade.
Isolamento e seleção de fungos produtores de lipases com base na atividade lipásica e no potencial hidrolítico sobre óleo comestível de soja e escuma de caixa de gordura
Authors: Rodrigues Celson , Cassini Sérvio Túlio , Antunes Paulo Wagner , Keller Regina Pinho , Gonçalves Ricardo Franci
Published: July 2016

RESUMO: O uso de biomassa fúngica como biocatalisadora lipásica representa uma atraente abordagem para o tratamento de águas residuais oleosas e produção de biodiesel, a partir de óleos e graxas residuais, devido à sua maior estabilidade, possibilidade de reuso e baixo custo. Neste trabalho foram obtidos cem isolados de fungos, a partir de escumas de caixa de gordura e esgoto, solo e tecidos necrosados de plantas e insetos, que foram avaliados quanto ao crescimento e à atividade lipásica, no meio de cultura básico, para atividade lipásica extracelular, e meio mineral mínimo + óleo de soja + rodamina, para atividade lipásica intracelular, com resposta positiva e diferenciada de 66 deles, inclusos como pertencentes aos gêneros Aspergillus , Beauveria , Botrytis , Cladosporium , Colletotrichum , Fusarium , Geotrichum , Penicillium , Rhizomucor e Verticillium . Na sequência, o potencial hidrolítico dos isolados Penicillium sp. F002 e Rhizomucor sp. F018 foi avaliado sobre óleo de soja comestível e escuma de caixa de gordura, em fermentação em estado sólido, através da quantificação das variáveis: produção de CO2, remoção do teor de óleos e graxas e crescimento da biomassa. Os resultados confirmaram a elevada atividade lipásica extracelular de Penicillium sp. F002 e a elevada atividade lipásica intracelular de Rhizomucor sp. F018. Portanto, o isolado Rhizomucor sp. F018 mostrou potencial para utilização em pesquisas futuras, na forma de células integrais lipásicas, para o tratamento de águas residuais oleosas e como biocatalisador na produção de biodiesel a partir de resíduos oleosos.
Relationship between structural abnormalities in the cerebellum and dementia, posttraumatic stress disorder and bipolar disorder
Authors: Baldaçara Leonardo , Borgio João Guilherme Fiorani , Araújo Célia , Nery-Fernandes Fabiana , Lacerda Acioly Luiz Taveres , Moraes Walter André dos Santos , Montaño Maria Beatriz Marcondes Macedo , Rocha Marlos , Quarantini Lucas C. , Schoedl Aline , Pupo Mariana , Mello Marcelo F. , Andreoli Sergio B. , Miranda-Scippa Angela , Ramos Luiz Roberto , Mari Jair J. , Bressan Rodrigo Affonseca , Jackowski Andrea Parolin
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT. New evidence suggests that the cerebellum has structural and functional abnormalities in psychiatric disorders. Objective: In this research, the goal was to measure the volume of the cerebellum and its subregions in individuals with psychiatric disorders and to relate these findings to their symptoms. Methods: Patients with different degrees of cognitive impairment (Epidemiology of the Elderly - UNIFESP) and patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) from population studies were analyzed. Also, patients with bipolar disorder from an outpatient clinic (Center for the Study of Mood and Anxiety Disorders, Universidade Federal da Bahia) were recruited for this study. All subjects underwent a 1.5T structural magnetic resonance scan. Volumetric measures and symptom measurements, by psychometric scales, were performed and compared between patients and controls. Results: The cerebellum volume was reduced in patients with cognitive impairment without dementia and with dementia, in patients with PTSD, and in patients with bipolar disorder compared to controls. In dementia and PTSD, the left cerebellar hemisphere and vermis volume were reduced. In bipolar disorder, volumes of both hemispheres and the vermis were reduced. In the first two studies, these cerebellar volumetric reductions correlated with symptoms of the disease. Conclusion: The exact nature of cerebellar involvement in mental processes is still not fully understood. However, abnormalities in cerebellar structure and its functions have been reported in some of these diseases. Future studies with larger samples are needed to clarify these findings and investigate whether they are important for treatment and prognosis.
Memory complaint scale (MCS): Proposed tool for active systematic search
Authors: Vale Francisco A.C. , Balieiro-Jr Ari P. , Silva-Filho José Humberto
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT Subjective Memory Complaints (SMC) are frequent among adults and elderly and are associated with poor quality of life. The etiology and clinical significance of SMCs are unclear, but these complaints are associated with objective cognitive decline or with depression, anxiety and psychosocial stressors. Biological and physiological brain alterations resembling those in Alzheimer's Disease have been found in SMC. SMC can evolve with different outcomes and represent the initial symptom or a risk factor of dementia. Active systematic search can be useful for early screening of candidates for preventive or therapeutic interventions. Objective: To propose a Memory Complaints Scale (MCS) as an instrument for actively searching for memory complaints and to investigate its utility for discriminating demented from cognitively normal elderly. Methods: A total of 161 patients from a teaching behavioral neurology outpatient unit of a tertiary hospital were studied. The MCS was used in two ways, by direct application to the patient and by application to the patient's companion. Cognitive tests assessing depression and daily living activities were also applied. Results: High Cronbach's alpha coefficients were found for the two application methods. Correlations between the two versions and the other instruments administered for patients grouped by type and severity of dementia were also found. Conclusion: The MCS is a useful scale for identifying memory complaints and discriminating demented from cognitively normal elderly. Further studies confirming these findings are warranted.
Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia: Validity evidence and norms for adolescents in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Nunes-Silva Marília , Haase Vitor Geraldi
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT The Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia (MBEA) is a battery of tests that assesses six music processing components: scale, contour, interval, rhythm, metric, and music memory. The present study sought to verify the psychometric characteristics of the MBEA in a sample of 150 adolescents aged 14-18 years in the city of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, and to develop specific norms for this population. We used statistical procedures that explored the dimensional structure of the MBEA and its items, evaluating their adequacy from empirical data, verifying their reliability, and providing evidence of validity. The results for the difficult levels for each test indicated a trend toward higher scores, corroborating previous studies. From the analysis of the criterion groups, almost all of the items were considered discriminatory. The global score of the MBEA was shown to be valid and reliable (r K-R20=0.896) for assessing the musical ability of normal teenagers. Based on the analysis of the items, we proposed a short version of the MBEA. Further studies with larger samples and amusic individuals are necessary to provide evidence of the validity of the MBEA in the Brazilian milieu. The present study brings to the Brazilian context a tool for diagnosing deficits in musical skills and will serve as a basis for comparisons with single case studies and studies of populations with specific neuropsychological syndromes.
Effects of weight training on cognitive functions in elderly with Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Vital Thays Martins , Hernández Salma S. Soleman , Pedroso Renata Valle , Teixeira Camila Vieira Ligo , Garuffi Marcelo , Stein Angelica Miki , Costa José Luiz Riani , Stella Florindo
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT Deterioration in cognitive functions is characteristic in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may be associated with decline in daily living activities with consequent reduced quality of life. Objective: To analyze weight training effects on cognitive functions in elderly with AD. Subjects: 34 elderly with AD were allocated into two groups: Training Group (TG) and Social Gathering Group (SGG). Methods: Global cognitive status was determined using the Mini-Mental State Exam. Specific cognitive functions were measured using the Brief Cognitive Battery, Clock Drawing Test and Verbal Fluency Test. The protocols were performed three times a week, one hour per session. The weight training protocol consisted of three sets of 20 repetitions, with two minutes of rest between sets and exercises. The activities proposed for the SGG were not systematized and aimed at promoting social interaction among patients. The statistical analyses were performed with the U Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon tests for group comparisons. All analyses were considered statistically significant at a p-value of 0.05. Results: There were no significant differences associated to the effects of the practice of weight training on cognition in AD patients. Conclusion: In this study, no improvement in cognitive functions was evident in elderly with AD who followed a low intensity resistance exercise protocol. Thus, future studies could evaluate the effect of more intense exercise programs.
Participation in nighttime activities in the genesis of depression in public school teachers from the State of Pernambuco, Brazil
Authors: Correia Francisca Maria da Silva , Albuquerque Rosângela Nieto de , Martins Hugo André de Lima , Lins Luciano da Fonseca , Lima Murilo Duarte Costa , Dias José Marcos da Silva , Silva Cícera Maria da , Santos Allison José dos , Santos Leonardo Tárcito dos , Ribas Valdenilson Ribeiro
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT Teachers often undertake nighttime work involving exam corrections, projects and devising lesson plans in their homes. Many present excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and depression. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate EDS and depression in teachers from public schools. Methods: 201 female teachers were evaluated in the district of Quipapá/PE, Brazil. Among the study sample, 38 working 1 shift (CONTROL 1), 40 working 2 shifts (CONTROL 2) and 123 working 3 shifts (WTeachers-3T). The subjects were submitted to evaluation by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).The EDS data were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's multiple comparison, p<0.05 and expressed in MEDIAN (MINIMUM - MAXIMUM) whereas the depression data were analyzed by the Chi-square test, with p<0.05, expressed in percentage. Results: WTeachers-3T presented excessive daytime sleepiness and higher rates of mild (24%) and moderate (37%) depression compared to controls - Control 1: mild (8%) and moderate (11%) - Control 2: mild (5%) and moderate (15%). Conclusion: This study found that teachers in the Quipapá municipality of Penambuco state working three shifts showed excessive daytime sleepiness and a higher percentage of mild and moderate depression compared to teachers working only one (1) or two (2) shifts.
Numerical analysis of symmetrical and asymmetrical reinforced concrete flat slabs - an integrated slab/ column analysis
Authors: Puel A. , Loriggio D. D.
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT This paper studies the modeling of symmetric and asymmetric flat slabs, presenting alternatives to the problem of singularity encountered when the slab is modeled considering columns as local support. A model that includes the integrated slab x column analysis was proposed, distributing the column reactions under the slab. The procedure used transforms the bending moment and column axial force in a distributed load, which will be applied to the slab in the opposite direction of gravitational loads. Thus, the bending moment diagram gets smooth in the punching region with a considerable reduction of values, being very little sensible to the variation of used mesh. About the column, it was not seen any significant difference in the axial force, although the same haven't occurred with the bending moments results. The final part of the work uses geoprocessing programs for a three-dimensional view of bending moments, allowing a new comprehension the behavior of these internal forces in the entire slab.
Risk analysis of the delayed ettringite formation in pile caps foundation in the metropolitan region of Recife - PE - Brasil
Authors: Torres I. F. , Andrade T.
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT Currently, there is an awareness that is critical to assess the durability characteristics of concrete with as much attention as the mechanical properties. The durability of concrete structures can often be affected by chemical attacks, jeopardizing its performance and security. When concrete is subjected to high temperature at early ages, many physical and chemical changes in hardened concrete may occur. It iswidely accepted that concrete subjected to these conditions of temperature and exposed to moisture is prone to cracking due to Delayed Ettringite Formation (DEF). This work aims at providing a DEF risk analysis on foundation pile caps at the Metropolitan Region of Recife - PE. Temperature rise measurement was performed in situ at 5 different caps through datalogger and thermocouples equipments. Furthermore, the Duggan test was performed in order to assess the level of expansion of 3 cements studied: X (CP II E 40), Y (CP II F 32) and Z (CP V ARI RS). Simultaneously, the chemical compositions of these cements and their respective clinkers were quantified by analysis of X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The cement X (CP II E 40) showed the chemical characteristics favoring with more intensity DEF and, as a result, higher level of expansion in the test Duggan. It is noteworthy that incorporation of metakaolin (8% and 16%) and silica fume (5% and 10%) showed mitigating potential of expansions. It is important to point out that all factors related to thermal properties and chemical composition of the concrete used in the region converge to a condition of ideal susceptibility for triggering DEF. Therefore, it is essential at least minimum and basic requirements in the design specification in order to avoid high temperatures in the massive concrete elements, preventing them from delayed ettringite formation.
A new approach to estimate compressive strength of concrete by the UPV method
Authors: Irrigaray M. A. P. , Pinto R. C. de A. , Padaratz I. J.
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT Although the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) method has been extensively used to estimate concrete compressive strength, the relationship between UPV and concrete strength is mixture dependent. As a result, the applicability of this method to estimate strength is well known to be limited. Aggregate type, cement type, mixture proportions, and water-cement ratio influence such a relationship. Nevertheless, UPV and strength are both governed by cement hydration, and thus, a relationship between UPV in the cement paste phase and concrete compressive strength would be expected to exist. By not taking into account the type and volume content of aggregates, this relationship could be the same for concrete mixtures with same type of cement and water-cement ratio, regardless the aggregate type used. This study investigates the existence of such a relationship. Concrete mixtures with water-cement ratios of 0.48, 0.55 and 0.64, with different paste volumes were prepared in the laboratory. For each mixture, compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity were evaluated at various ages. The UPV of each concrete phase: paste, fine aggregate, and coarse aggregate, was obtained through paste and mortar specimens. This study indicated that it is possible to establish a unique relationship between the UPV in cement paste phase and the concrete compressive strength. This unique relationship could be applied to several concrete mixtures, greatly expanding the use of the UPV method to estimate compressive strength.
Evaluation of pyrite and pyrrhotite in concretes
Authors: Marcelino A. P. , Calixto J. M. , Gumieri A. G. , Ferreira M. C. , Caldeira C. L. , Silva M. V. , Costa A. L.
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT It is well known that aggregate characteristics can intensively interfere in concrete behavior especially when sulfides are presented in the aggregates. The lack of consensus to content limit value of these deleterious sulfur compounds in concrete structures for dams has motivated several investigations worldwide. Within this scenario, this work presents a methodology to evaluate the presence of pyrite and pyrrhotite in concretes produced with aggregates containing sulfides. For the study, rock samples from the Irapé hydroelectric power plant area in Minas Gerais (Brazil) were used. This plant was built in a geological site where the rock presented sulfide levels of at least 3%. These rock samples were first ground and then used as aggregates in mortars, which were, during almost one year, subjected to three different exposed conditions: temperature of 23° ± 2°C and relative humidity of 95 to 100%; calcium hydroxide solution diluted in water kept at two different temperatures: room temperature and 50° C. The presence and amount of pyrrhotite were obtained from a leaching process of the material (aggregate or mortar) in a solution of hydrochloric acid. This procedure allowed also the evaluation of the pyrite content. The results showed that the amount of pyrite has remained virtually constant over time in the three exposure situations. This finding indicates that sulfur limits in aggregates should be set according to the type of iron sulfide presented and not solely by the total amount of sulfur.
Situación actual de la vegetación del estado de Aguascalientes, México
Authors: Siqueiros-Delgado María Elena , Rodríguez-Avalos José Alberto , Martínez-Ramírez Julio , Sierra-Muñoz José Carlos
Published: July 2016

Aguascalientes es uno de los estados más pequeños de México, sin embargo, presenta un interesante mosaico de comunidades vegetales que no se habían estudiado en forma detallada. Por ello, se llevó a cabo el estudio de la vegetación del estado de Aguascalientes, con una exploración de campo detallada abarcando todas las comunidades vegetales del Estado y utilizando técnicas de análisis visual de imágenes de satélite y herramientas SIG. El presente trabajo, pretende mostrar un panorama general de la vegetación del estado de Aguascalientes, indicando los porcentajes de área cubierta de cada formación vegetal por su afinidad climática (templado, subtropical y xerófilo), así como dar a conocer su situación actual y sus expectativas de conservación. Se determinaron 12 tipos de vegetación con 15 subtipos locales y 50 asociaciones vegetales. La vegetación templada es la más ampliamente distribuida, ocupando 30.48% de la superficie total de Aguascalientes; le sigue la vegetación xerófila, con 21.52% y por último la vegetación subtropical ocupando solo 6.58% de la superficie total del Estado. La vegetación hidrófila solo se mantiene en algunos reservorios permanentes como presas o arroyos, ocupando 0.37% de la superficie de Aguascalientes. Se observa que la zona más alterada del Estado es la parte subtropical, principalmente las comunidades secundarias de matorral subtropical, mientras que la más conservada son los pastizales templados, especialmente el pastizal de montaña, el cual se mantiene como comunidad primaria muy bien conservada.