bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stories of Traditional Magical Healing as Belief Narratives: Between the Supernatural and Secular(ised) Experience1
Authors: Belić Smiljana Đorđević
Published: May 2020

This study analyses the distinctive features of stories of magical healing – thematic (meeting of the natural and supernatural as the core of the narrative), structural (stability of motifs, incorporation of other folklore genres – curses, blessings; didactic statements, cumulativity), and ideological (being based on a system of beliefs). In the genre system of folklore, stories of magical healing occupy a liminal space, right at the crossroads of two semantic fields, the demonologically coded and the secular(ised), as the connection with the supernatural is sometimes only latently present. On the one hand, they introduce mythologicaldemonological elements into the everyday, and on the other, they make abstract demonic content concrete by linking it to the plane of experience. Stories told by cunning folk about successful magical healing are an important factor in their social positioning and the verification of magical practice. The circulation of such stories within a community facilitates the creation of a picture of specific practitioners, the domain of their competences, and the effectiveness of the ritual acts. Viewed more broadly, it also creates ideas about the natural and the supernatural, the worldly and the otherworldly, eschatology, morality, and codes of conduct in the broadest sense, even when tradition is rationalised, subjected to doubt, or disagreed with.
Dilemmas of Corpus Construction beyond Folklore Collections: Threat as a Speech Act in Early Modern Witchcraft Trials
Authors: Ilyefalvi Emese
Published: May 2020

During the corpus-building operation of the Digital Database of Hungarian Verbal Charms we tried to augment the available material by the inclusion of witness statements of witch trials conducted in early modern Bihar County and the town of Debrecen. My paper explores the kinds of dilemmas and issues we were faced with concentrating especially on generic questions of verbal charms. As regards the exploration of early modern written sources of vernacular language use the most relevant recent approaches came from historical speech act research. Therefore, in the context of the corpus building project I shall also discuss to which extends the results of historical pragmatics, historical speech act research can offer any help (and if so, what kind of help) in solving the generic problems and questions of verbal magic.1
Iranian Belief Narratives and Verbal Charms. A Preliminary Survey
Authors: Takeshita Kinga Markus
Published: May 2020

The role of charms in Iranian belief narratives remains largely unexplored. Hereby, I attempt a preliminary survey. First, I examine the text of the Iranian national epic, the Shahname of Ferdowsi (X–XI century A.D.), in which the word afsun denotes charm or magic spell. In contemporary folktale texts (I mainly rely on the voluminous Dictionary of Iranian Folktales), an Arabic loan-word verd (which also means a kind of prayer) is used to mean a charm which facilitates supernatural results such as shape-shifting, transformation or miraculous healing. Ritual prayer (namaz) and supplication (do’a) also function as charms in folk narratives. I also give a brief overview of the Iranian folklore scholarship.
KHITAN STUDIES I. THE GLYPHS OF THE KHITAN SMALL SCRIPT 3. THE CONSONANTS, 3.2. THE DENTAL STOPS
Authors: Yingzhe Wu , Róna-Tas András
Published: May 2020

In the fourth part of this series of papers the authors investigate the way how the Khitan Small Script rendered the dental stops in initial position. They conclude that the main opposition was between the postaspirated and not postaspirated dental stops.
Towards Knowledgeable Supervised Lifelong Learning Systems
Authors: Benavides-Prado Diana , Koh Yun Sing , Riddle Patricia
Published: May 2020

Learning a sequence of tasks is a long-standing challenge in machine learning. This setting applies to learning systems that observe examples of a range of tasks at different points in time. A learning system should become more knowledgeable as more related tasks are learned. Although the problem of learning sequentially was acknowledged for the first time decades ago, the research in this area has been rather limited. Research in transfer learning, multitask learning, metalearning and deep learning has studied some challenges of these kinds of systems. Recent research in lifelong machine learning and continual learning has revived interest in this problem. We propose Proficiente, a full framework for long-term learning systems. Proficiente relies on knowledge transferred between hypotheses learned with Support Vector Machines. The first component of the framework is focused on transferring forward selectively from a set of existing hypotheses or functions representing knowledge acquired during previous tasks to a new target task. A second component of Proficiente is focused on transferring backward, a novel ability of long-term learning systems that aim to exploit knowledge derived from recent tasks to encourage refinement of existing knowledge. We propose a method that transfers selectively from a task learned recently to existing hypotheses representing previous tasks. The method encourages retention of existing knowledge whilst refining. We analyse the theoretical properties of the proposed framework. Proficiente is accompanied by an agnostic metric that can be used to determine if a long-term learning system is becoming more knowledgeable. We evaluate Proficiente in both synthetic and real-world datasets, and demonstrate scenarios where knowledgeable supervised learning systems can be achieved by means of transfer.
Çukurova koşullarında farklı su düzeylerinin tatlı sorgumun biyokütle verimine ve yem kalitesine etkileri
Authors: DÜNDAR Muammer , YÜCEL Celal , ÜNLÜ Mustafa , OLUK Aylin
Published: May 2020

Araştırma, Çukurova koşullarında farklı su düzeylerinin tatlı sorgumun biyokütle verimine ve yem kalitesine etkilerini saptamak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada M8-E tatlı sorgum çeşidi materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. Araştırma, Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarımsal Yapılar ve Sulama Bölümü deneme alanında 2017 yılında 2. ürün koşullarında (Haziran-Ekim), tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada, bitki gelişim dönemleri boyunca farklı sulama suyu düzeyleri (I1, I2, I3, I4) uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada, deneme konularına 479.6 mm ile 227.8 mm arasında sulama suyu uygulanmıştır. Hasat, salkımdaki tanelerin süt-hamur olum arası dönemde yapılmıştır. Biyokütle veriminin saptanmasının yanı sıra hasat edilen bitkiler ile silaj yapılmış olup silaj kalite özellikleri de saptanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda biyomas (hasıl) veriminin sulama düzeylerine göre 13300 ile 8733 kg arasında değiştiği ve en yüksek verimin I1 ve en düşük verimin ise I4 sulama düzeylerinde saptanmıştır. Ayrıca su düzeylerinin yapılan silajların kalite özelliklerinde nötral deterjan lif (NDF), ham protein (HP) oranı, ham kül (HK), kuru madde tüketimi (KMT) ve nispi yem değeri (NYD) üzerine istatistiki olarak önemli etkide bulunduğu saptanmıştır.
Imaging Mass Cytometry Compensation Slide Preparation v1
Authors: Daniel Michelle , Jorgensen Marda
Published: May 2020

This SOP describes the preparation of compensation slides with single antibodyconjugate spots that can be used to estimate mass channel spillover for IMC. Spillover varies from metal lot to lot due to varying impurities. Once a spillover matrix for a specific set of antibody-conjugates has been generated, the experiment of interest, in which the same antibody conjugates have been used, can be spillover-corrected. It is crucial that this procedure is performed for the exact same antibody conjugates that are used to pipette the antibody panel for sample staining. The original publication can be viewed here: “Compensation of Signal Spillover in Suspension and Imaging Mass Cytometry” by S. Chevrier, HL Crowell and VRT Zanotelli et al., Cell Systems, 2018
Maxpar Antibody Labeling for Imaging Mass Cytometry v1
Authors: Jorgensen Marda , Daniel Michelle
Published: May 2020

Version 11 of the antibody labelling protocol published by Fluidigm.
Coating Slides with Gelatin v2
Authors: Institute for Brain Science Allen
Published: May 2020

The protocol describes how 1x3 glass microscope slides are coated with gelatin to improve adherence of fixed adult mouse brain sections or other tissue to slides. Note: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute Of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U19MH114830. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
TissueCyte Specimen Embedding Acrylamide Coembedding v4
Authors: Institute for Brain Science Allen
Published: May 2020

This protocol describes the preparation of a fixed mouse brain specimen bonded to an agarose block for blockface imaging and sectioning using the TissueCyte 1000 system. Note: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute Of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U19MH114830. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Human Neurosurgical Tissue Processing v7
Authors: Institute for Brain Science Allen
Published: May 2020

This protocol describes the procedure for receiving human surgical tissue, followed by trimming, mounting, embedding, and slicing under sterile conditions in order to produce tissue suitable for both slice culture as well as acute slice electrophysiology recording. Note: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute Of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U01MH114812. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Daily activities of employed persons with visual impairment
Authors: Jaganjac Amila , Mačak Hadžiomerović Amra , Katana Bakir , Trtak Namik , Kaljić Eldad , Konjo Hadžan , Redžović Amra
Published: May 2020

Introduction: The challenges faced by visually impaired people in their efforts to integrate themselves into the labor market and the general position of persons with disabilities, regarding their employment and social security, is extremely difficult. Employment is the best safeguard against social exclusion and one of the main ways to achieve a full involvement in the society of the visually impaired people.Methods: The research was conducted on a sample of 25 visually impaired people employed at “TMP” d.o.o. Sarajevo. The study was used as a cross-sectional survey method wherein data were collected through appropriate survey instruments, using a modified survey questionnaire.Results: Out of the total number of respondents, 48% are male and 52% are female. The majority of respondents use other persons’ assistance when moving (n = 16). The largest number of respondents had 100% visual impairment (n = 17). The majority of subjects have no strenuous physical activity. The largest number of respondents during the previous week walked for at least 10 minutes, in the sequence of all 7 days and was driven in motor vehicles. When doing household chores, 56% of respondents said they had no difficulty. The most common difficulties in recreation, sports and physical activity in leisure time, that were encountered by 32% of respondents, are poor sound signalling and difficulties of visual nature, though 68% of respondents said that they had no difficulty in their recreational activities.Conclusion: The daily activities of employed visually impaired persons have a positive impact on their quality of life. Various are occupations of visually impaired people that improve their quality of life.
MANIFESTO STORYTELLING: A NEW METHOD OF ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: ARTAN ÖZORAN Beris
Published: May 2020

In postmodern era, rational bound in consumption relations was untied. Signs, symbols and “meanings” created by organizations in consumption, have replaced the use-value of products. The “meanings” created by organizations through public relations, advertising and marketing affect the consumption decisions of individuals. Individuals buy the “meaning” attributed to the product together with the product. Storytelling emerges as an important tool for creating these meanings. Stories disseminate emotions and help to bound people. The purpose of the article is to discuss how "manifesto storytelling", a new way of storytelling, functions in the new conception of consumption. In this context, Dove’s “Real Beauty”, Diesel’s “Be Stupid”, Axe’s “Boys do Cry”, Nike’s “Find Your Greatness” campaigns were analyzed through multiple case study method by using descriptive analysis. It was concluded that “Manifesto storytelling” is used by organizations as a tool to create a sense of “being a part of a cause” and to establish an emotional bond with the consumer within the new conception of consumption.
SÖYLENCE İLE GERÇEKLİK ARASINDA: 19. YÜZYIL OSMANLI MİZAH BASININDA KARAFERYE CADILARI
Authors: DEMİRKOL Gökhan
Published: May 2020

Osmanlı Devleti’nde ölümden sonra hayata dönen varlıklara ilişkin temel tanımlama “cadı” kavramıdır. Ancak konu hakkında yapılan çalışmalar genellikle “cadı” kavramını “vampir” kavramı ile açıklama eğilimindedir. Bu eğilimin temel sebebi ise 19. yüzyılın son çeyreğinde “cadı” kavramının anlamında yaşanan genişlemedir. Temel özellikleri benzer olan bu iki kavram toplumsal hayatta aynı olguyu tanımlamak için birbirlerinin yerine kullanılmıştır.

19. yüzyılda Osmanlı topraklarında kayıt altına alınmış son “cadı” olayı Tırnova cadılarıdır. Fakat 1872 ve 1874 yıllarında Selanik’e bağlı Karaferye’de iki cadı vakasının yaşandığına dair gazete haberleri bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma bahsi geçen haberlere ilişkin dönemin gazete ve dergilerinin yaklaşımını ele almaktadır. Çalışmanın odağı mizah dergileridir. 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında Osmanlı toplumunda “cadı” kavramının hangi kavramlar ile tanımlandığı mizah dergileri üzerinden analiz edilmiştir.
TEREKE KAYITLARINA GÖRE 19. YÜZYIL BAŞLARINDA AİLE: RUSÇUK ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: BOLAT Gülay
Published: May 2020

Terekeler, kişiler öldükleri vakitte tespit edilen özel mülk statüsündeki mal varlıklarını gösteren kayıtlardır. Tereke kayıtları kaynak alınarak yapılan bu çalışmada Rusçuk toplumunda ailenin nicel ve nitel özelliklerinin ayrıntılı bir şekilde değerlendirilmesi ile Rusçuk’ta sosyo-kültürel hayatın genel bir portresi çıkarılmıştır. 19. yüzyıl başlarında Rusçuk’ta sosyo-ekonomik yapı içerisinde aile kurumu incelendiği zaman hanede yaşayan kişi sayısının 4.16 olduğu görülmektedir. Kişilerin medeni durumlarına bakıldığında %71’lik bir kesimin evli olduğunun tespit edilmesi ailede evlilik kurumuna verilen önemin göstergesidir. Aile başına düşen çocuk sayısı 2.16’dır. Çocuk sayısını belirleyen etken ise kişilerin sosyo-ekonomik statüleridir. Rusçuk’ta yaygın olmamakla birlikte %8’lik bir kesimde çok eşlilik görülmektedir. Rusçuk aile yapısında da tek eşli bir yapının egemen olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Rusçuk’ta kişi başına düşen servet miktarı 191,631’dır. Bakıldığı zaman ailelerin ortalama servet miktarının altında çok fazla kişi tespit edilse de bu kişiler arasında birkaç kişinin servet miktarı ortalamanın çok üzerindedir.
Current epidemiological aspects of streptococcal and poststreptococcal diseases in the Russian Federation
Authors: Aksenova A. V. , Abeldyaev D. V. , Glushkova E. V.
Published: May 2020

Epidemiological situation related to the spread of streptococcal infection and post-streptococcal diseases in the world remains tense in recent decades. According to the World Health Organization, more than 616 million cases of streptococcal pharyngitis occur annually in the world. Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in infectious diseases and one of the main human pathogens. The prevalence of severe cases of GAS infections amounted to 18.1 million people worldwide. At the same time, in recent years outbreaks of scarlet fever have been recorded in some countries. In 2011, scarlet fever rate was 10 times higher than the average rate of the previous decade. In the past 3 years, epidemics of scarlet fever have been registered in the UK, with an increased incidence every year. Although there are significant achievements in the fight against rheumatic fever (RF), it keeps reminding of itself in the form of new outbreaks. Currently, acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is not a mass disease, but it is a serious problem associated with heart damage. In the article, we analyzed incidence and prevalence of RF, rheumatic heart disease (RHD), chronic pharyngitis, nasopharyngitis, sinusitis and rhinitis. We present the comparative characteristic among children, adolescents and adults. We also describe high epidemiological and social significance of the problem and possible increase of RF and RHD, which cause significant social and economic damage, remaining the urgent problem of public health in Russia. It was revealed that the situation with ARF and RHD in Russia remains unstable. Between 1997 and 2016, epidemiological indicators of streptococcal infection tend to increase moderately. ARF incidence significantly increases with an average growth rate (AGR) of 2.5 %, while its prevalence has the opposite tendency to decrease. AGR was –29.2 %. RFD incidence showed a significant indicators increase with AGR of +1.1 %. At the same time, the prevalence tended to decrease and STP was –2 %. The situation makes it necessary to strengthen the epidemiological control of streptococcal infection and increase the alertness of doctors regarding the new cases of ARF and RHD.
Cardiac and vascular remodeling in arterial hypertension: the role of concomitant obesity
Authors: Kandilova V. N.
Published: May 2020

The aimof the study evaluation of the structural and functional changes of the heart and common carotid arteries (CCA) in patients with AH I–III degree with the definition of significant criteria for their remodeling in patients with the absence and presence of accompanying obesity (OB) of varying degrees.

Materials and methods. 124 patients (86 men and 38 women) aged 27 to 81 years (average age 55.7 ± 1.01 years) were examined. In 19 of them (12 men and 7 women) AH of I degree, in 87 (65 men and 22 women) II degree AH, in 18 (9 men and 9 women) III degree AH was diagnosed. The diagnosis of AH and its degree was verified in accordance with the existing current clinical guidelines (European Society of Hypertension / European Society of Cardiology’s, 2013). Clinical-anamnestical and instrumental examination of patients were carried out with the assessment of their reflection of myocardial remodeling in accordance with the recommendations. Availability and degree of concomitant OB was carried out in accordance with the calculated body mass index and recommended gradations. Echocardiographic examination, ultrasound scanning were used to study the heart and CCA on both sides and reactive hyperemia test used for studying a number of parameters reflecting the remodeling of myocardium and arteries. Laboratory examination included determination of the main parameters of blood plasma lipid profile. The data analysis was carried out with the help of Statistica 12.6 application package.

Results. Patients with AH and concomitant OB have a number of differences in the heart and arteries compared to patients with AH without OB. Heart: increased size and volume, myocardial mass, myocardial mass index, decreased contractility and more frequent detection of diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle of the heart. Arteries: increase in thickness of the intimamedia complex, decrease in intraadventitial diameter of the right and left common carotid arteries, more frequent detection of endothelial vasomotor function impairment using the right brachial artery as an example. The analysis of the obtained data confirmed the presence of significant remodeling of the cardiovascular system (CVS) in patients with AH, which is dependent on the presence and degree of concomitant OB: a more pronounced progress in remodeling of the heart and arteries was observed in some patients with AH with concomitant OB, partly dependent on the degree of the latter and, apparently, associated with hormonal changes that lead to an acceleration of processes underlying the formation of CVS remodeling.

Conclusion. The combination of AH with OB of different degrees leads to an increase in the frequency of cases of remodeling of the CVS as a whole in comparison with patients with AH without accompanying OB, with changes in the lipid profile of the blood at the accompanying AH OB of different degrees characterized by an increase in its atherogenic fractions, exacerbated with the increase in the degree of OB.
Infective endocarditis: diagnostic difficulties
Authors: Chipigina N. S. , Karpova N. Yu. , Belova M. V. , Savilov N. P.
Published: May 2020

In recent decades, against the background of incidence rate increasing, infectious endocarditis (IE) remains in the category of diseases with a high mortality and a “difficult diagnosis”. According to different studies, 5.2–14.8 % of IE cases were detected only at autopsy or heart surgery, and 27–42.8 % of IE cases with fatal outcome were not diagnosed before death. In 25–66 % patients infectious endocarditis was diagnosed later than 1 month from the onset of symptoms (including later than 3 months in almost a quarter of patients). Late diagnosis, considered as one of the independent risk factors for an unfavorable prognosis of IE (relative risk 2.1), is most frequent with IE in elderly patients. The generally accepted diagnostic criteria of IE, providing a standardized approach to the diagnosis of IE, rely on laboratory and instrumental evidence of bacteremia and visualization of vegetations and signs of valve destruction, as major clinical diagnostic criteria. However, a diagnosis of IE is not suspected at an outpatient stage in 54–79 % of patients, so the necessary transthoracic echocardiographic examination and bacteriological blood tests are not performed. In 84 % cases of right heart valves IE and 27 % of left heart valves IE extracardiac manifestations of the disease due to cardiogenic emboli, immunocomplex mechanisms, or systemic inflammation were initially regarded as an independent disease and patients were hospitalized with incorrect diagnosis. Most often, such masks are associated with involvement of lungs, nervous system, and kidneys, less often rheumatological, vascular, hematological guise and the onset with myocardial infarction or acute abdominal pain are noted. The lecture analyzes the causes of IE diagnosis errors and describes clinical situations that allow suspecting IE, as well as situations in which IE must be considered with a differential diagnosis. Authors emphasize that timely clinical suspicion, with availability of modern effective heart imaging and bacteriological studies remains essential basis for early IE diagnosis.
Dostoevsky on Twitter: Twitterfiction as a Learning Tool in SLA
Authors: Bovshik A.S.
Published: May 2020

The article examines the benefits of twitterfiction, a relatively new form of literary production, as a means of second language acquisition in the context of recreational reading. Pushed forward by the influential American educational researcher Stephen Krashen, free voluntary reading (FVR) has been proven to be an extremely powerful factor in developing various aspects of second language competence and getting students committed to reading more. This paper attempts to evaluate both quantitative and qualitative complexity measures of twitterfiction as in the case of TWITTERATURE by Alexander Aciman and Emmett Rensin to better understand the educational potential of the above type of prose. Readability formulas such as the Gunning Fog index and the Coleman-Liau index are deployed to evaluate the structural complexity of the text. ‘Attentive reading’, being a subjective factor in many ways, is a tool we apply to assess the text on the levels of semantics and pragmatics. The research concludes that twitterfiction, as demonstrated in the book, is an adequate ESL supplementary material alongside comics, graphic novels and level 4 graded readers.
Linfoma de células T/NK extranasal primario en íleón
Authors: López-Cabanillas Rita , Espinoza-Escudero Cristian , Janampa-Apaza Ademir , Aliaga-Chávez Rolig
Published: May 2020

El linfoma extranodal de células T/NK extranasal (NKTL) primario del tracto gastrointestinal es poco frecuente y tiene carácter agresivo. Presentamos el caso de un paciente inmunocompetente de 51 años que ingresa por dolor abdominal de dos meses de evolución. En la colonoscopía, se hallaron ulceraciones ileales, por lo que se le realizaron estudios para descartar enfermedad de Crohn y tuberculosis intestinal, posteriormente presentó obstrucción intestinal. En la laparotomía exploratoria, se encontró un conglomerado ganglionar en mesenterio. La anatomía patológica confirmó el diagnóstico de NKTL primario en íleon. Se inició quimioterapia y el paciente pidió alta voluntaria dada su precaria condición. Dos meses después del alta el paciente fallece. Este linfoma ha sido reportado principalmente en Asia y posiblemente sea el primer caso reportado en Perú. Tiene un pronóstico funesto con una supervivencia global de ocho meses. Por ello, es necesario un diagnóstico precoz e iniciar la terapia oportunamente.
Seroprevalencia poblacional de la enfermedad celíaca en zonas urbanas del Perú
Authors: Baldera Katherine , Chaupis-Meza David , Cárcamo César , Holmes King , García Patricia
Published: May 2020

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la seroprevalencia de la enfermedad celiaca (EC) en zonas urbanas del Perú, utilizando una muestra de base poblacional. Se tamizó una muestra aleatoria de mujeres y varones de 18 a 29 años de 26 ciudades del Perú. Para la detección de la EC se utilizó el kit anti-transglutaminasa tisular IgA. Los resultados mayores a 20 AU/ml fueron considerados positivos. La prevalencia ponderada de la EC fue de 1,2% (IC 95%: 0,0‒2,4) y se estima que el número de personas viviendo con EC en el Perú fue de 341 783. La prevalencia de la EC en el Perú resultó ser similar al promedio mundial.
Identificación de especies de Leishmania en pacientes derivados al Instituto Nacional de Salud del Perú
Authors: Sandoval-Juárez Aidé , Minaya-Gómez Gloria , Rojas-Palomino Nyshon , Cáceres Omar
Published: May 2020

En el Perú, la leishmaniasis es una enfermedad metaxénica que representa un serio problema de salud pública, debido a su amplia distribución y al número de personas en riesgo de contraer la enfermedad, siendo la población vulnerable principalmente las personas de bajos recursos económicos. El estudio se realizó a partir de pacientes que fueron derivados al Instituto Nacional de Salud entre el 2006 y el 2011 para que se les realizara el diagnóstico especializado. La identificación de la especie de Leishmania infectante se desarrolló mediante el análisis de las curvas de disociación (HRMA) obtenidas a partir del ADN genómico de promastigotes y amastigotes, lo que permitió identificar las especies de Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, Leishmania (V.) guyanensis, Leishmania (V.) peruviana como las más prevalentes, además de Leishmania (V.) lainsoni y Leishmania (L.) amazonensis.
Condiciones de trabajo, seguridad y salud en la población económicamente activa y ocupada en áreas urbanas del Perú
Authors: Sabastizagal-Vela Iselle , Astete-Cornejo Jonh , Benavides Fernando G.
Published: May 2020

Objetivos: La presente investigación tiene como objetivo conocer las condiciones de trabajo, seguridad y salud en el trabajo de la población urbana económicamente activa ocupada del Perú. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal basado en una muestra probabilística de áreas y multietápica en la que participaron 3122 personas mayores de 14 años distribuidas en todo el país. Resultados: La mayoría fueron hombres (53,6%) entre 30 y 59 años (50%). En cuanto a las condiciones de trabajo, la mayoría labora más de 48 horas semanales (39,8%) y de lunes a sábado (44,7%). Respecto a las condiciones de seguridad, higiene, ergonómicas y psicosociales, los resultados mostraron una menor exposición de riesgo. Sobre las condiciones de salud, la mayoría refiere que no se identifican ni se evalúan los riesgos laborales en su puesto de trabajo (35,9%); que no tienen servicios de salud ocupacional (40,7%) ni un delegado o un comité de seguridad y salud (39,4%); y que no se le realizan evaluaciones médico ocupacionales (39,3%). Conclusiones: La población económicamente activa urbana ocupada del Perú se expone con más frecuencia al ruido, la radiación solar, las posturas incómodas y los movimientos repetitivos; trabaja rápido con poco control y esconde sus emociones; además, en los lugares de trabajo no se gestiona la salud ocupacional. Estas condiciones pueden afectar la salud de los trabajadores y la calidad del trabajo.
Migración para estudiar en escuelas de Medicina Humana del Perú
Authors: Chambergo-Michilot Diego , Muñoz-Medina Carlos E. , Lizarzaburu-Castagnino Diego , León-Jimenez Franco , Odar-Sampe Miguel , Pereyra-Elias Reneé , Mayta-Tristan Percy , LIRHUS Red
Published: May 2020

Con el objetivo de caracterizar el perfil del estudiante de medicina migrante de primer y quinto año de 32 escuelas de medicina del Perú, se realizó un análisis secundario del estudio Red-LIRHUS (2011-2012). De los 3680 estudiantes peruanos incluidos, uno de cada cuatro (23,2%) fueron migrantes. Menos de 1% fueron migrantes internacionales. Hubo mayor proporción de estudiantes migrantes en universidades de provincias que en universidades de Lima (27,1% vs. 15,8%). Asimismo, hubo mayor proporción de migrantes en universidades privadas (28,3% vs. 16,0%). Los estudiantes migrantes tenían mayor probabilidad de vivir solos (37,4% vs. 6,4%) y de haber desaprobado cursos (51,0% vs. 38,6%) en comparación con los estudiantes no migrantes. Es necesario evaluar potenciales intervenciones para la preservación del bienestar de las personas que migran para su formación médica.
El cigarrillo electrónico: un problema de salud pública emergente
Authors: Accinelli Roberto A. , Lam Jorge , Tafur Karla B.
Published: May 2020

Desde el 2004 se dispone del cigarrillo electrónico (CE), dispositivo que calienta nicotina y la administra formando parte de un vapor. Presentamos una revisión narrativa del CE y su efecto en la salud. Su uso es para dejar de fumar, en lo que la evidencia es baja, terminando usándolo a la vez que el cigarrillo que no pudieron dejar. Además, los que nunca fumaron, principalmente adolescentes y jóvenes, se inician en su consumo. Su uso eleva en el aire los niveles de nicotina, partículas, compuestos orgánicos volátiles, hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos, carbonilos y metales como aluminio. In vitro el CE causa inflamación, estrés oxidativo y es tóxico para múltiples tipos de células, incluyendo células pulmonares, endoteliales y células madre. Produce incremento de la susceptibilidad a infecciones virales y bacterianas. Comparado con cigarrillos, el CE produce un número mayor y más intenso de genes suprimidos. A la broncoscopia las vías aéreas están friables y eritematosas, y el epitelio bronquial con expresión diferenciada de proteínas. Se le ha asociado con tos, síntomas de bronquitis y con la epidemia de insuficiencia respiratoria por neumonitis que ha llevado a varias decenas de personas a la muerte. Por sus efectos dañinos el CE debería solo usarse por prescripción médica, como una medida para ayudar a dejar el tabaco, y estar prohibido su uso en interiores y ambientes públicos. Como no se han determinado los componentes del CE responsables de las muertes asociadas, su uso debería ser proscrito hasta que se conozcan cuáles son estos factores.
El rol de las redes sociales y el empoderamiento de las mujeres en medicina
Authors: Espinoza-Portilla Elizabeth , Linares-Cabrera Victor J.
Published: May 2020

Hoy en día la cantidad de médicos y profesionales de salud que utilizan las redes sociales como vehículos principales para la comunicación está en aumento. Las redes sociales ofrecen nuevas formas de conectarse, facilitan la comunicación casi instantánea sin límites geográficos y sirven de apoyo a estudiantes, médicos y profesionales de salud. Las redes sociales pueden permitir que las mujeres en el campo de la salud obtengan apoyo que de otro modo no tendrían. Este artículo describe el rol de las redes sociales para contribuir al empoderamiento de las mujeres en medicina y discute las oportunidades de utilizar las redes sociales como herramienta para acceder a mentoría y consejeros experimentados como modelos a seguir; el apoyo e interacción entre pares; y el acceso a información y educación continua.
Breve reseña de vida y contribución del médico parasitólogo peruano César Gabriel Náquira Velarde
Authors: Burstein Zuño , Romaní-Romaní Franco
Published: May 2020

Las instituciones científicas y sus logros se construyen a partir de las personas y sus historias. En este caso, el Dr. César Náquira Velarde es una personalidad destacada en la salud pública del Perú, a la que contribuyó hasta días antes de su partida a los 85 años de edad. El Dr. Náquira participó activamente en la fundación del Instituto de Medicina Tropical Daniel A. Carrión de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos desde donde −a través de la investigación y docencia− ha formado médicos y especialistas en el campo de la parasitología y medicina tropical. Sin embargo, su mayor contribución y aporte fue en el estudio de la enfermedad de Chagas. También se desempeñó como funcionario público y decisor, pues fue jefe del Instituto Nacional de Salud y permanente asesor técnico del Ministerio de Salud del Perú, en los temas de su especialidad. Destacamos su rol como maestro para muchas generaciones de médicos y su autoridad como experto en el campo de la parasitología médica.
Sexual and Reproductive Health in (Nigeria) Africa: Issues, Debate and Approaches
Authors: Ibanga Diana-Abasi
Published: May 2020

Human reproductive health is still at risk in Nigeria. In response to the problem, the Federal Government of Nigeria launched the National Reproductive Health Policy in 2001 to serve as the framework to base reproductive health strategies and interventions. Despite this, the country is far from achieving its set target. Several factors have been identified as the elements behind this challenge. One of such factor is cultural and religious beliefs. Religions have been known to have influenced people on beliefs of various kinds, especially on the issue of human sexuality and reproduction. There are two main religions in Nigeria – Christianity, and Islam. Their doctrines on sexual and reproductive health have been challenging. This paper sets out to map out these religious perspectives in the light of contemporary and practical relevance based on a sound philosophical understanding. This approach is important in order to bridge the communication gap between the cultural/religious community and the public health intervention workforce, so as to create synergy towards effective action. Moreover, the paper argues that silence on sexual matters should no longer be held as a virtue since traditional norms have lost their capacity to modernity.
The Economic Impact of Tourism on to the Community of Kuakata
Authors: Horaira Mohammad Abu
Published: May 2020

Tourism has been seasoned with continuous growth and concentrating ‎diversification over the decades to become one of the fastest-growing economic sectors within the world. Tourism plays a crucial economic movement in most countries around the world, also as the tourism industry has its direct and indirect economic impact. Moreover, tourism features a diversified sort of economic impact on the community. The contribution of tourism to the community for economic well-being depends on the standard and, therefore, the ‎revenues of the tourism offer. The purpose of this paper is to track down the economic impact of tourism on to the community of Kuakata, where one can see the sunrise and sunset from the same spot, the rarest characteristic within the planet only this type of opportunity is available in Japan. The paper is predicated primarily on secondary data sources like-articles, journals, websites of different tourism-related sources. It was being identified after reviewing the literature and acknowledging loopholes that if Kuakata is developed to its full potential, it's going to contribute to the livelihoods and socio-economic development of local communities and Bangladesh.
O ENDOMARKETING E A SATISFAÇÃO NO TRABALHO EM UMA INSTITUIÇÃO DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
Authors: Severo Eliana Andréa , Kemmerich Elisandra , Guimarães Julio Cesar Ferro de , Ribeiro Rossana Parizotto
Published: May 2020

O endomarketing trata-se de um instrumento de extrema importância para as organizações, pois com ele o colaborador pode fortalecer o relacionamento, compartilhar objetivos, sentir-se motivado e satisfeito com o seu ambiente de trabalho, para que ocorra o comprometimento no alcance de metas e objetivos organizacionais. O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre as ações de endomarketing e a satisfação no trabalho em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES), localizada no norte do Rio grande do Sul. A metodologia utilizada tratou-se de duas fases distintas, porém, complementares. Na primeira etapa ocorreu uma pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória por meio de um grupo focal. Na segunda etapa realizou-se uma pesquisa quantitativa descritiva. Os resultados destacam que as práticas de endomarketing adotadas na IES apresentam índices significativos ligados à satisfação dos colaboradores, e que estes índices têm relação com as ações desenvolvidas.
Orzeł z Rzeczy o wolności słowa
Authors: Chlebowski Piotr
Published: May 2020

Artykuł przynosi próbę wyjaśnienia motywu orła, który pojawia się w finalnej XIV pieśni poematu Rzeczy o wolności słowa. Dotąd w literaturze przedmiotu tę symboliczną wizję łączono jednoznacznie z apokalipsą oraz z postacią św. Jana. Lektura Volney’owskiej Podróży do Syrii i Egiptu, wspartej źródłowym dla niej opisem ruin Palmiry z dzieła Roberta Wooda The Ruines of Palmyra otherwise Tedmor in the Desert (1753), wskazuje raczej na archeologiczne źródło Norwidowskiego obrazowania: obraz ruin palmireńskiej Świątyni Słońca (Baala).
Syberie Norwida
Authors: Woźniewska-Działak Magdalena
Published: May 2020

Artykuł stanowi interpretację Norwidowskiego wiersza pt. Syberie, jednego z ogniw cyklu Vade-mecum. Autorka w nawiązaniu do literatury przedmiotu (Zofia Trojanowiczowa, Włodzimierz Toruń i in.) stawia tezę, iż wiersz jest lirycznym arcydziełem, maksymalnie kondensującym rozległą treść, związaną z Syberią i zesłaniami, stanowiącymi wielki temat polskiej literatury XIX w. Wiersz Norwida osadzony w kontekstach autorskich oraz w kontekstach epoki odsłania swą głębię i możliwości poetyckiej syntezy. W niniejszym artykule autorka dowodzi „udziału” utworu w trzech wielkich dialogach epoki sprowokowanych przez temat Syberii.
A Dimensão Linguístico-Discursiva da Memória Nostálgica no Âmbito de Estrutura Composicional
Authors: Destri Alana , Lima Anselmo
Published: May 2020

Nostalgia é rememoração com apego emocional, um sentimento complexo e universal. Por ser algo vivido e compartilhado signicamente nas mais diversas esferas de interação humana, pode ser compreendido como algo profundamente linguístico-discursivo. Tendo isso em vista, enunciados nostálgicos foram o objeto de estudo para o aprofundamento científico sobre a dimensão discursiva do sentimento. Este artigo, em especial, visou explorar o padrão de manifestação nostálgica em relação à estrutura composicional do gênero editorial. Para tanto, fez-se uso de um corpus notoriamente nostálgico que conta com 106 editoriais da Revista Ferrovia publicados entre 1935 e 2017. A partir disso, utilizou-se de forma conectada o arcabouço teórico de gêneros do discurso de Mikhail Bakhtin e o psicossocial de Constantine Sedikides. À luz da teoria, as análises foram feitas e possibilitaram que certo padrão de manifestação fosse identificado e descrito, ampliando, assim, a compreensão do fenômeno em seu âmbito linguístico-discursivo.
The Effects of Code-switched on L2 Learning: a Research Synthesis
Authors: Reschke Pires Daniel
Published: May 2020

A ideia de que o ensino de línguas deve ser feito exclusivamente na língua-alvo e de que os ‘falantes nativos’ são melhores professores ainda existe. Nesse contexto, há professores de língua que acreditam que a alternância de códigos é prejudicial ao aprendizado da língua-alvo, enquanto outros entendem que o uso da língua materna pode beneficiá-lo (Tian & Macaro, 2012). Buscando entender o que as pesquisas encontraram sobre os efeitos do ensino de línguas com alternância de código, realizamos uma síntese de pesquisa de estudos publicados entre 2008 e 2018. Nossas perguntas de pesquisa foram 1) quais são os efeitos da instrução com alternância de código no aprendizado de segunda língua? 2) este tipo de instrução leva a melhores resultados? e 3) quais são os contextos das pesquisas que investigaram a alternância de código e quem sãos seus participantes? Oito dos nove estudos encontrados apontam que a instrução com alternância de código obteve melhores resultados do que a instrução feita exclusivamente na língua-alvo, com efeitos positivos sendo reportados em todos eles. Assim, entendemos que a alternância de código não é necessariamente um sinal de falta de competência linguística e que ela não é prejudicial à aprendizagem de línguas.
O “Discurso de Outrem” em Bakhtin e o Círculo: por uma Compreensão Responsiva do Texto
Authors: Gomes Da Silva Telma Cristina
Published: May 2020

Este artigo apresenta as contribuições de os estudos bakhtinianos para a compreensão responsiva do enunciado/texto. Examinamos as marcas linguístico-discursivas responsáveis pela presença do discurso de outrem em comentários discentes produzidos em e-fóruns acadêmicos em um curso na modalidade de ensino a distância. Consideramos esse discurso como o responsável pelas formas de transmissão e recepção de sentidos produzidos no/para a construção do enunciado/texto dos alunos em e-fóruns. Analisamos quatro comentários discentes produzidos, como respostas a temáticas nos e-fóruns em um componente curricular direcionado para o ensino de língua portuguesa.
O direito à educação no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro: a histórica negação do direito
Authors: Jakimiu Vanessa Campos de Lara
Published: May 2020

O presente estudo apresenta teorizações concernentes à legislação educacional brasileira tomando como objeto de estudo as constituições federais brasileiras e as legislações decorrentes destas e tem como objetivo investigar como ocorre a declaração do direito à educação nestes documentos normativos. Metodologicamente o estudo adota os moldes da pesquisa documental. Em sua estrutura o estudo está organizado a partir de períodos históricos demarcados pela exaração das constituições federais brasileiras. Do estudo empreendido é possível constatar que a educação no Brasil se consolidou a partir da histórica negação do direito, já que o país passou mais tempo negando este direito e/ou o restringindo-o à determinadas pessoas e classes do que o declarando como direito público e universal.
Odnos učiteljev do empirično podprtega poučevanja: primerjalna analiza stališč med prihodnjimi učitelji in učitelji eksperti v zgodnjem osnovnošolskem izobraževanju
Authors: Žerak Urška , Juriševič Mojca
Published: May 2020

Poučevanje, ki temelji na empiričnih dokazih in ne le intuitivnih praksah, učiteljem omogoča, da svoje učne metode in poučevalne pristope kakovostno načrtujejo, izvajajo in nadalje razvijajo ter tako učencem nudijo učinkovito podporo pri učenju v specifičnih učnih kontekstih. Pretekle raziskave kažejo, da imajo stališča učiteljev na splošno pomemben vpliv na njihovo pedagoško delo, vendar je področje specifičnega odnosa učiteljev do empirično podprtega poučevanja še skromno raziskano. Namen te raziskave je zato ugotoviti, kakšna so stališča prihodnjih učiteljev in učiteljev ekspertov do raziskovanja in uporabe raziskovalnih izsledkov v poučevalni praksi. V raziskavi so sodelovali študenti drugega letnika univerzitetnega študijskega programa Razredni pouk na Pedagoški fakulteti Univerze v Ljubljani (n = 181) in njihovi mentorji, učitelji praktiki (n = 181). V okviru mešanega raziskovalnega načrta so udeleženci izpolnili samoocenjevalni vprašalnik o odnosu do raziskovanja na področju izobraževanja. Poleg tega so odgovorili tudi na dve vprašanji, ki sta bili povezani z izvedbo študentskega raziskovalnega projekta na šolah. Rezultati so pokazali, da imajo prihodnji učitelji in učitelji eksperti podobno visoka pozitivna stališča na področju zaznanih potreb in pomembnosti raziskovanja, na področju zaznane uporabnosti raziskovalnih spoznanj za poučevanje pa imajo prihodnji učitelji statistično značilno bolj pozitivna stališča kot učitelji eksperti (d = 0,52).
Effective dose of propolis extract combined with bovine bone graft on the number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in tooth extraction socket preservation
Authors: Prabowo Teguh Setio Yuli , Kresnoadi Utari , Hidayati Hanoem Eka
Published: May 2020

Background: Maintaining a good ridge is required during prosthodontic treatment. Hence, adequate alveolar bone support is considered an important factor in pursuing successful dentures. Propolis extract combined with bovine bone graft is a recent and innovative material in the process of socket preservation, as the caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) it contains can suppress the inflammatory process. Purpose: This study aims to determine the effective dose of propolis extract combined with bovine bone graft on the number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in socket preservation. Methods: Twenty-eight Cavia cobaya animals were divided into four groups of seven. Group I was given 25 grams of PEG, while Group II were given a propolis extract at a dose of 0.5% combined with bovine bone graft. Group III were given a propolis extract at a dose of 1% combined with bovine bone graft and Group IV were given a propolis extract at a dose of 2% combined with bovine bone graft. On day 30, the lower incisor of each subject was extracted and induced with PEG and propolis (dose 0.5%, 1%, 2%). Histopathological examinations of osteoblasts and osteoclasts were measured with a 400x magnification light microscope. One-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests were performed to analyse data statistically. Results: The propolis extract combined with bovine bone graft not only increased the number of osteoblasts but also reduced the number of osteoclasts. The most effective dose for the propolis extract combined with bovine bone graft was 2%. Conclusion: The propolis extract combined with bovine bone graft could be effective in tooth extraction socket preservation at a dose of 2%.