bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Turismo e medo do crime: reflexões sobre a política de desenvolvimento urbano no centro histórico de Natal/RN
Authors: Coutinho Ana Catarina Alves , Nóbrega Wilker Ricardo de Mendonça , Fazito Mozart
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo analisa o medo do crime e as suas relações com o turismo a partir da discussão do Estado neoliberal e a instrumentalização de ações de intervenção pública. Explora o centro histórico de Natal, que vem sendo alvo de intervenções de planejamento e desenvolvimento urbano ao longo dos anos. Emprega uma abordagem qualitativa de coleta e análise de dados documentais junto às secretarias envolvidas com o planejamento urbano, além de análises estatísticas criminais acerca do centro histórico de Natal. Assim, identificou-se quatro principais momentos da política de intervenção urbana onde o medo do crime foi construído e compartilhado a partir da ideologia de ordenamento e controle social. De forma específica, o turismo aparece como racionalidade a partir do terceiro momento com direcionamentos da reabilitação do centro histórico para justificar as ações e intervenções urbanísticas públicas direcionadas para o seu consumo.
HARVEY, David. Cidades rebeldes: do direito à cidade à revolução urbana. Tradução Jeferson Camargo. São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2014. 294 p.
Authors: Oliveira Helbert Michel Pampolha de
Published: January 2021

.
Evaluation of Cardiac Troponin Level Following Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizure in Children; Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ghandi Yazdan , Sharitmadari Fakhreddin , Habibi Danial , Sadrnia Saeid
Published: January 2021

Background: Cardiac troponin I (CTnI) is recognized as a proper marker for early detection of cardiac damage. Generalized tonic-clonic (GTC) seizures may lead to cardiac ischemia or myocardial injury associated with elevated CTnI. The present study aimed at evaluating the level of CTnI in children with status GTC seizures. Methods: 50 patients with GTC seizures and a normal cardiac function referred to Amirkabir Hospital, Arak, Iran were evaluated. The medical history of all patients was taken, and clinical examinations were performed. For all patients were performed Serum CTnI measurements, electroencephalography (EEG), electrocardiography (ECG), and echocardiography. Results: The patients’ mean age was 7.80 ± 4.01 years and 26 (52%) children were female (female: male ratio, 1.08). the mean duration of seizure was 31.54 ± 1.56 minutes. Abnormal EEG patterns were documented in 83 (86%) patients, while abnormal CT scan was not found in any of the patients. The mean level of CTnI was at the high end of the range in patients (57.02 ± 10.80 ng/mL). There was a positive correlation between serum CTnI and age (P = 0.001, R = 0.492). Also, the serum level of CTnI was signiﬁcantly correlated with the onset of GTC seizure (R = 0.004, P = 0.001). Conclusion: The serum CTnI level exceeded the normal level in children with seizures. Therefore, cardiac monitoring of patients with status GTC seizures may be helpful in the ictal and postictal phases for evaluating cardiac injury, especially in children with risk factors for coronary diseases, such as Kawasaki disease, cardiomyopathy, or coronary anomalies.
Kant’s Asynchronicity Concerning Newtonian Space and Gravity in his Pre-Critical Writings
Authors: Görg E.
Published: January 2021

Kant’s ‘Newtonianism’ has been rightly highlighted by figures like Friedman. The follow-up debates led to a more adequate view on Kant’s natural philosophy and in particular his relation towards Newton. But the discussion that evolved did not point to the asynchronicity that takes place in Kant’s struggle with the central Newtonian concepts. Newtonian space and gravity, in revised form, are of central concern to Kant’s critical philosophy. But Kant adapted and re-evaluated these two concepts in an asynchronous way. While Kant tries to integrate a notion of gravity into his theory of matter in his very first published writing, he has at this stage no adequate notion of space. At this time, as in regard to space, he can neither be called a Newtonian nor a proper Leibnizian and misconceives the necessity of an independent space for the foundations of physics. This perspective changes under the influence of Euler at the end of the fifties of the eighteenth century and finally leads to his writing of 1768 and the adoption of transcendental idealism in 1770. In the following, I depict this asynchronicity by taking central pre-critical writings into account while discussing Kant’s concept of space and gravity. This sharpens the picture of Kant’s work and the different stages his philosophy of nature went through. Further, it helps to understand the influence of Euler on Kant’s development in natural philosophy and his critical philosophy in general, as Kant under the influence of Euler formed deeper-going reflections on Newton’s theory of space and these mark turning points of his development.
Self-reported allergy to parenterally administered penicillin
Authors: Ljubisavljević Marta , Živanović Slavoljub
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Penicillin and penicillin products are in use in everyday medical practice. The most frequently reported adverse drug reactions are those to penicillin. New penicillin allergies occur more often with parenteral than oral treatment. In patients who are allergic to penicillin, prescribed therapy is more often the one of antibiotics of broad spectrum, and this therapy is more expensive. The allergies to penicillin are immunologically mediated. Scope of Study: to present patients' self-reported allergy to penicillin and report on types of adverse reactions following the parenteral administration of penicillin. Methodology: Retrospective study of the work of one physician in the City Institute for EMS Belgrade in the period from 2017 to 2018 involving 2481 patients. Results: There were 242 patients who reported they were allergic to penicillin, of which 160 were able to explain what happened after they were given parenteral penicillin. The cohort group was between 18-85 years old, average age 49.64 ± 17.24, while 65% of them were females. Most frequently reported adverse reactions were rash, redness and itching of the skin, loss of consciousness, swelling of the face, mouth, arms or body in general. Serious reactions have been reported in about 40% of cases. Conclusion: There is a large percentage of self-reported allergies to penicillin, and only a small number of those who experienced serious adverse reactions: swelling, unconsciousness, coma or shock.
Profile of rural tourism consumers in Serbia and Austria
Authors: Tomić Slavica , Leković Ksenija , Eskerod Pernille , Zedlacher Eva
Published: January 2021

In order to achieve successful positioning, rural tourism managers and marketers need to understand consumer behaviour. Above all, they need to answer the question of which customer profiles are suitable to particular tourist destinations There are three types of statistical measurement used for research into consumer, i.e. tourist behaviour, and those are volume, value and profile. A profile encompasses characteristics of the consumers per se and characteristics of trae. The aim of the paper is to define the profile of rural tourism consumer based on the results of the conducted research, taking into account two socio-demographic characteristics of the consumers - age and education level in relation to three characteristics of travel - frequency of engaging in rural tourism, travel companions and information sources used to plan the trip. The research encompassed 150 respondents each from Serbia and Austria respectively. Cross-tabulation method was used for testing the set hypotheses.
Mutual conditioning of factors of regional economic integration in Europe
Authors: Srzentić Miloš
Published: January 2021

This paper looks into one of the basic theoretical concepts of mutual cooperation of regions in Europe, known as the concept of Europe of the Regions. Through it could be observed the influence of non-economic as well as economic factors participating in creating regional economic integration. According to this concept, multiple regions join as members into one region for easier and faster realization of some common functions determined in advance. By itself, during the joining of those regions, impact of available factors of integration in observed regions is directed primarily toward the successful realization of the target function. The concept of Europe of the Regions is analysed in this paper predominantly on examples of joining of multiple border regions from two or more different states into one cross-border region. The results of the research conducted in this paper are presented in its final section, where the attention is particularly focused on current problems creators of macroeconomic policies are faced with in their attempts to establish firmer and more comprehensive connections among border regions.
Chaotropic effect of trifluoroacetic and perchloric acid on B-cyclodextrin inclusion complexation process with risperidone, olanzapine and their selected impurities
Authors: Đajić Nevena , Krmar Jovana , Malenović Anđelija , Otašević Biljana , Protić Ana
Published: January 2021

Effective method development together with method`s eco-friendly character are gaining importance in drug analyses nowadays. One of the strategies often applied to improve the efficacy of separation methods, especially in the case of basic ionizable analytes is adding chaotropic salts into the mobile phases. Moreover, the development of the green liquid chromatography method could also be achieved with certain mobile phase additives such as cyclodextrin (CD). The study aims to investigate whether adding chaotropic agents could improve the complexation process by disrupting the analytes' water solvation shell. The model mixture consisted of risperidone, olanzapine, and their related impurities. Method development was aided with experimental design methodology, while optimal separation conditions were selected using Derringer's desirability function. Mathematical models obtained for each of the examined responses enabled the explanation of the single and simultaneous influence of b-CD concentration, chaotropic agents type, and content, as well as the content of acetonitrile in the mobile phase. Retention factors appeared to be the most influenced by acetonitrile content in the mobile phase. The type of chaotropic agent as well as its concentration lead to retention prolongation, but if acetonitrile content in the mobile phase is high, the effect of chaotropic agent becomes negligible. Interaction between analyte and b-CD are relatively weak in comparison to the interaction of analyte form with either chaotropic agent or acetonitrile. Interaction leading to complexation are outperformed by other analyte related interactions in this complicated system, so complexation based retention reduction is not fully exposed. However, increasing b-CD concentration shows a positive effect on the resolution between critical peak pairs. Optimal separation conditions were selected based on 3D plots of Derringer's desirability function. For olanzapine and its impurity, they included the following: acetonitrile content 16% (v/v), trifluoroacetic acid as a chaotropic agent with 0.95% (v/v) content, and 9 mM b-CD concentration. Further, optimal separation conditions for risperidone and its impurity were 25% (v/v) acetonitrile content in the mobile phase, trifluoroacetic acid as chaotrope agent with 0.27% (v/v) content and 5mM b-CD concentration.
Pectolytic activity of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. brasiliense on different root vegetables
Authors: Loc Marta , Delić Nemanja , Budakov Dragana , Stojšin Vera , Petreš Mladen , Medić Jelena , Dudaš Tatjana , Grahovac Mila
Published: January 2021

Bacteria from Enterobacteriaceae family (SRE) are significant problem in plant production, not only during vegetation, in the field, but also during storage and marketing of agricultural commodities. Species P. carotovorum subsp. brasiliense (Pcb) is a newly identified member of Enterobacteriaceae family. It causes soft rot of different plant species, including root vegetables. Pcb is described as a new subspecies of P. carotovorum due to differences in phenotypic and genotypic characteristic, more pronounced virulence and aggressiveness. Patohogenicity of this bacterium is based on the production of several enzymes: pectatliase, polygalacturonase, cellulase and proeteases. The aim of this study was to determine whether and at which rate Pcb isolates originating from potato plants exhibit pectolytic activity on root of different root vegetable species - carrot, radish, celery, kohlrabi and beetroot. The obtained data confirmed wide host range of the bacterium Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. brasiliense, but pointed to significant differences in pectolytic activity on different species of root vegetables (carrot, radish, celery, kohlrabi), while on beetroot tested Pcb isolates did not exhibit pectolytic activity. Moreover, on same species of root vegetables different levels of pectolytic activity of tested Pcb isolates were recorded.
The root-knot nematodes on root vegetables
Authors: Oro Violeta
Published: January 2021

Root vegetables have been present in our country from the earliest times. Paleobotanical sources indicate the presence of seeds of plants of the family Apiaceae (carrots or parsnips) from the 6th millennium BC from the Belo Brdo site. The greatest damage to these plants is caused by nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne, whose larvae burrow into the roots and transform into adult organisms inside the tissue, causing tissue deformation, tumor formation and can completely jeopardize vegetable yields. The populations of M. hapla were found on carrots and parsnips from the vicinity of Leskovac and Belgrade, respectively and they are morphologically characterized. The larval morphometric data show no significant differences between the populations however, M. hapla from parsnips shows more variations in the female perineal pattern, which is a characteristic of the species.
Plant protection products in root vegetable
Authors: Vuković Slavica , Šunjka Dragana , Žunić Antonije , Bošković Dragana
Published: January 2021

The production, value and quality of root vegetables are endangered by numerous phytopathogenic fungi and pests. Numerous causal agents cause economically significant diseases of root vegetables like carrot leaf blight and black rot of carrots (Alternaria dauci and Alternaria radicina), powdery mildew of carrot and sugar beet (Erysiphe heraclei and Erysiphe betae), Cercospora leaf spot of carrot (Cercospora carotae), black blight (Septoria apiicola), leaf bright parsley (Septo-ria petroselini), downy mildew (Peronospora farinosa f.sp. betae and P. farinosa f.sp. spinaciae), rust (Puccinia spp.) etc. Nine fungicides based on nine different active substances have been registered in the Republic of Serbia for the control of phytopathogenic fungi in root vegetable crops. The most important pests of root vegetables are wireworms (Elateridae), carrot flies (Psila rosae), celery flies (Acidia heraclei), onion flies (Delia antiqua), aphids (Aphididae), common spider mite (Tetranychus urticass), cabbage moth (Mamestra brassicae), cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) and others. The overall number of insecticides, registered in our country, for the control of root vegetable pests is eight, based on seven different active substances. The aim of this paper is to present registered plant protection products for the control of the most economically import-ant pathogens and pests of root vegetables, in the Republic of Serbia, classified according to the mode of action.
Morphological variability and sexual dimorphism of noble crayfish Astacus astacus from the Balkana Lake
Authors: Roljić Rajko , Nikolić Vera , Savić Nebojša
Published: January 2021

This paper presents the information about morphological variability and sex dimorphism of the Noble crayfish (Astacus astacus) in the area of the Balkana Lake in Mrkonjic Grad. The crayfish were caught by hand made baited traps from October 9nd 2018. until May 31th 2019. A total of 58 crayfish were caught, of which 38 males and 20 females. The eight morphometric characteristics: body weight (W), body length (TBL), claw length (CLL), cephalothorax length (CFL), carapace width (CPW), abdomen length (ABL), rostrum length (ROL) and rostrum width (ROW) were measured, both in males and females. Also, the body condition was determined for all specimens. The results of morphometric characteristics partially matched into the already known range of variations. These data represent first ones for the observed area. The t-test showed that there were significant differences between the sexes in W, TBL, CLL, CFL and CPW which are explained by the emphasized sex dimorphism of the noble crayfish.
Impact of Pb, Ni and Cd on the germination of barley seeds, variety Jadran
Authors: Vasić Predrag , Jakšić Tatjana , Đelić Gorica
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of lead, nickel and cadmium on the germination of barley seeds (Hordeum vulgare L.) of Jadran variety. Based on the percentage of germination, germination energy, and root and hypocotyl length, authors done an analysis of the effects of PbCl2, NiCl2, CdCl2 solutions, in concentrations of 103 mol/m3, 102 mol/m3, 10 mol/m3, 1 mol/m3, 10-1 mol/m3, 10-2 mol/m3. The results showed that germination and germgrowthin stress conditions which are caused by heavy metals depend on the type of metal and its concentrations. The most toxic effect of alltested solutions had CdCl2, and the weakest toxic effect had PbCl2.
Synthesis and complete NMR spectral assignments of new benzylamino coumarin derivative
Authors: Dekić Vidoslav , Radulović Niko , Ristić Milenko , Dekić Biljana , Ristić Novica
Published: January 2021

This research involves the reaction of 4-chloro-3-nitrocoumarin and (4-methoxyphenyl)methanamine, whereby a novel coumarin derivative 4-[(4-methoxybenzyl) amino]-3-nitro-2H-chromen-2-one was obtained in good yield. The reaction was carried out in ethyl acetate, in the presence of triethylamine. Also, a detailed spectral analysis of a new coumarin derivative is presented. Resonance assignment was achieved using one( 1H NMR and 13C NMR) and two-dimensional NMR techniques (1H1H-COSY, NOESY, HSQC, and HMBC). The NOESY correlations of protons from arylamino substituent and coumarin core indicate their spatial orientation.
The impact of global trends on Serbian foreign trade
Authors: Stanojević Nataša , Kotlica Slobodan
Published: January 2021

This paper analyzes the current key processes in the global economy: decline in international trade, rising protectionism and shortening of global production chains. The specific aim is to determine the effects of these global trends on Serbian foreign trade. The proposed hypotheses are 1) Decline in the volume of Serbian foreign trade can be expected to be sharper than global indicators and 2) The reduced volume of trade both in Serbia and globally will tend to continue for many years to come. Using statistical analysis for different types of data, linear regression and case study, the research has confirmed the first hypothesis. The coefficients obtained bz linear regression were applied to the WTO projections for global trade in 2020 and 2021. It was found that the expected decline in Serbia's foreign trade is almost twice the world average. The second hypothesis is proven by the analysis of the economic causes of the main global trends, which have proven to be structural to the greatest extent, hence long-term.
A dual quantitative-qualitative sales quotas model
Authors: Adžić Slobodan , Milunović Marijana , Savić-Tot Tijana
Published: January 2021

There is no one commonly accepted sales model in literature and practice. The sales models presented in the marketing literature may be impractical or complicated for marketers, and the sales field itself has not sufficiently addressed the topic of quantitative sales models within academic research. The aim of this paper is to overcome this gap by presenting a dual model of sales quotas. The duality of this model is expressed through its quantitative and qualitative aspects. The quantitative part is based on the moving average, i.e. a linear equation with multiple factors and with multiple unknowns. The qualitative part of the model is based on the participation of salespeople and management in the design of the model. Their subjective judgments can significantly affect the end results and predicted quotas. The basic feature of this model is its practicality. Not only is the numerical part easy to explain to the client, but the client is also actively involved in modeling, suggesting a subjective projection of sales quotas and defining factors that can influence planned sales results. After presenting the theory behind the model, its practical application is demonstrated through the analysis of the Pervivo case study. This case study demonstrated that the dual quantitative-qualitative sales quotas model has usable value in business practice.
Strategic marketing planning: Case study hostels in Novi Sad
Authors: Vukosav Svetlana , Sadžakov Petar , Čerović Slobodan , Garača Vuk
Published: January 2021

Novi Sad as the European Youth Capital for 2019 and the European Capital of Culture for 2021, with a large number of world-renowned manifestations, becomes a city tourist destination for young people who are mostly users of this type of accommodation, which indicates that hostels have great significance in the development of tourism in Novi Sad. Hostels have only recently been introduced as a term in legal acts in the hospitality which is the result of adjusting to the needs of the market, which has shown a great interest in this type of accommodation in our area, and therefore caused the opening of a large number of hostels, especially in major cities. Like the rest of the hospitality and tourism entreprises, hostels are facing major business challenges and a turbulent and dynamic business environment, which implies that much attention from owners and management must be directed to strategic marketing planning. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to determine the extent to which the strategic marketing planning process is being implemented in selected hostels in Novi Sad, as well as the extent to which the owners of these facilities are focused on formulating and implementing development strategies as the end result of this process.
Analysis of attitudes of GenZ toward media and consumption: The region of Balkans
Authors: Perić Nenad , Mamula-Nikolić Tatjana , Delić Teodora
Published: January 2021

The paper analyses behaviour of Generation Z (GenZ) in the region of Balkans (Serbia, Croatia and Republika Srpska). It presents the survey that was conducted among young people of age between 12 and 25, during December 2019 and January 2020. Total of 523 persons participated: 309 respondents from Serbia, 102 from Croatia and 112 from Republika Srpska. The analyzed topics were: Generation Z and communication, the role of Internet in life of Generation Z, attitudes of GenZ towards shopping and consumption habits. Besides many similarities of the results between global surveys and this one aiming region of Balkans, some specifics of the region were found and analyzed. The aim of the paper was to present insights that can help researcher (preferably in the field of marketing) to better understand the behavior of GenZ. The conclusion provides an analysis-comparison of similarities and differences of Generation Z in the Balkans comparing to global experiences.
Stem cells: Haemobiology and clinical data summarising: A critical review
Authors: Balint Bela , Pavlović Mirjana , Todorović Milena
Published: January 2021

Stem cells (SC) are the unique and "key-cells" in the human body "working" as a source of producing a large number (proliferation) of mature (differentiation) cells inside different tissues ("cytopoiesis") - while at the same time maintaining the ability to "reproduce" themselves (self-renewal). These events are balanced by interactive signals from the extracellular matrix, as well as microenvironment provided by stromal cells. On the other hand, SC plasticity (so-called "inter-systemic plasticity") is the ability of the most "primitive" (immature) adult SCs to switch to novel identities. The phrase SC plasticity also involves phenotypic potential of these cells, broader than spectrum of phenotypes of differentiated cells in their original tissues. Recent increasing clinical use of cell-mediated therapeutic approaches has resulted in enlarged needs for both, higher quantity of SCs and improved operating procedures during extracorporeal manipulations. The aim of harvesting procedures is to obtain the best SC yield and viability. The goal of optimised cryopreservation is to minimise cellular thermal damages during freeze/thaw process (cryoinjury). Despite the fact that different SC collection, purification and cryopreservation protocols are already in routine use - a lot of problems related to the optimal SC extracorporeal manipulations are still unresolved. The objective of this paper is to provide an integral review of early haemobiological and cryobiological research in the unlimited "SC-field" with emphasis on their entities, recent cell-concepts, extracorporeal manipulative and "graft-engineering" systems. Their therapeutic relevance and efficacy in "conventional" SC transplants or regenerative medicine will be briefly summarised. Finally, in this paper original results will not be pointed out - related to neither SC transplants nor regenerative medicine - but a light will be shed on some of them.
Relationship between spatial and development planning at the local level in the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Bijelić Branislav , Đorđević Dejan
Published: January 2021

The mutual relationship between spatial and development planning at the local level is a very current topic that has concrete consequences for development processes in local government units in the territory of Republika Srpska (RS). Although it is still unregulated from the legislative point of view, local development planning is much more present in practice, which is primarily manifested in the almost complete coverage of the territory of the RS by local development strategies. The connection of these documents to spatial and urban plans has not been treated in an appropriate way, which leads to a certain degree of their mutual inconsistency. The basic hypothesis of this paper arises from this statement, and that is that the lack of a clearly defined connection with spatial planning in the methodology of drafting local development documents leads to the inconsistency of these documents as the final result. As an auxiliary hypothesis, the assumption will be investigated that a large discrepancy in the coverage of the territory of the Republika Srpska between local development strategies and spatial plans of local government units also contributed to this inconsistency.
Using R packages 'tmap', 'raster' and 'ggmap' for cartographic visualization: An example of dem-based terrain modelling of Italy, Apennine Peninsula
Authors: Lemenkova Polina
Published: January 2021

The main purpose of this article is to present the use of R programming language in cartographic visualization demonstrating using machine learning methods in geographic education. Current trends in education technologies are largely influenced by the possibilities of distance-learning, e-learning and selflearning. In view of this, the main tendencies in modern geographic education include active use of open source GIS and publicly available free geospatial datasets that can be used by students for cartographic exercises, data visualization and mapping, both at intermediate and advanced levels. This paper contributes to the development of these methods and is fully based on the datasets and tools available for every student: the R programming language and the free open source datasets. The case study demonstrated in this paper show the examples of both physical geographic mapping (geomorphology) and socio-economic geography (regional mapping) which can be used in the classes and in self-learning. The objective of this research includes geomorphological modelling of the terrain relief in Italy and regional mapping. The data include dem SRTM90 and datasets on regional borders of Italy embedded in R packages 'maps' and 'mapdata'. Modelling references to the characteristics of slope, aspect, hillshade and elevation, their visualization using R packages: 'raster' and 'tmap'. Regional mapping of Italy was made using main package 'ggmap' with the 'ggplot2' as a wrapper. The results present five thematic maps (slope, aspect, hillshade, elevation and regions of Italy) created in R language. Traditionally used in statistical analysis, R is less known as a perfect tool in geographic education. This paper contributes to the development of methods in geographic education by presenting new technologies of the machine learning methods of mapping.
Criminal Liability by the Pharmaceutical Industry on the Use of Precursors for Illicit Narcotics in Indonesia: A Review
Authors: Haksama Setya , Dimjati Lusno M. Farid , Setyowati Anggi , Wulandari Anis , Nugroho Bastianto , Roesli M. , Hidayat M. , Rudianto Ebit , Khan M. Mahmud , Sriram Shyamkumar , Shedysni Syahrania Naura , Hafidzudin Farid M. Rifqo , Farid Abdul Fattah , Shedyta Syadza Zahrah
Published: January 2021

Purpose of the study: the aim of this study was to review the law enforcement regarding precursors for manufacturing narcotic drugs in Indonesia.

Methodology: This study used normative legal research, which used the law as positive norms that regulates human life, it used several approaches, that were examined various rules of law as well as case approach. The data was collected through literature studies.

Main Findings and Applications of this Study: In Indonesia, the highest regulation in the crime of narcotics is based on the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics. The aims of this regulation are to protect the public from precursor’s abuse to narcotics; preventing and eradicating illicit traffic of precursors of narcotics; as well as preventing leaks and irregularities.

Novelty: The pharmaceutical industry as a legal entity has the possibility to conduct criminal action such as using precursor for illicit narcotic and if it is proved to be in violation, it will be punished. Furthermore, it requires integration by involving national, regional and international coordination to prevent this criminal liability
Aproximación a la escolaridad inclusiva en los territorios rurales: estudio piloto sobre la voz de los docentes
Authors: Selusi Franch Victor Jaime , Sanahuja Ribés Aida
Published: January 2021

El objetivo de esta búsqueda reside en dar voz a los docentes que trabajan actualmente en los colegios rurales agrupados (CRAs) y dar a conocer su realidad educativa. Más concretamente se indaga sobre: a) la normativa y política educativa a los cras, b) la influencia del desarrollo tecnológico y el despoblamiento en las comunidades rurales, c) diferencias y similitudes entre la escuela urbana y la escuela rural y d) los condicionantes que facilitan y dificultan el trabajo en el CRA.

El diseño metodológico de este trabajo es el propio de un estudio comprensivo descriptivo de carácter cualitativo. Más concretamente se trata de un estudio piloto.

En este estudio han participado un total de 9 docentes (todas mujeres) que actualmente están trabajando en dos CRA de la provincia de Castellón (España). Para llevar a cabo la recogida de datos se realizaron 9 entrevistas semiestructuradas a los docentes y también se empleó la técnica dafo para extraer las debilidades, amenazas, fortalezas y oportunidades. Se realizó un análisis de contenido.

Los resultados recogen las percepciones de los docentes entrevistados en relación al funcionamiento de la escuela rural. La principal conclusión que se desprende del estudio recae en el aprovechamiento del entorno como recurso educativo, facilitador del aprendizaje y elemento que posibilita experiencias educativas innovadoras arraigadas en el territorio.

Palabras clave: territorios rurales, escuela rural, colegios rurales agrupados, búsqueda cualitativa, voz de los docentes.
Learning vocabulary for IELTS Academic Reading: An evaluation of some pedagogical materials
Authors: Serrano Marta
Published: January 2021

A large receptive vocabulary could have a significant impact on scores in the IELTS Academic Reading test. However, the lack of official information about vocabulary in this test raises questions regarding how lexis is selected and approached in existing IELTS training materials. This paper evaluates three books issued by leading ELT publishers to assess how far they effectively help learn vocabulary for the Academic Reading test. First, the lexis in the test is identified based on what can be gleaned from official information and available research. Then, the three books are evaluated using a checklist of criteria relevant to the acquisition of this lexis. The results suggest that the materials investigated may not contribute enough towards the acquisition of vocabulary useful for success in the Academic Reading test. This paper offers some important insights into some shortcomings of current IELTS training materials and points to ways of surmounting them.
Staging the Other
Authors: Byrdal Jørgensen Tine
Published: January 2021

Through an analysis of the performance of Third Generation, this article discusses the ethical claim activated in documentary theatre and has the encounter with the Other as its leitmotif. Third Generation puts a Gordian knot between Germany, Israel and Palestine into relief by bringing actors from these three countries – each with their own individual family history of violence – onto the stage. The article identifies the critical potential of the staging by exploring how the performance offers the audience two contrasting modes of perception. One of which is trying to create and maintain the illusion of authenticity that is produced by the biographical elements. The other challenges this illusion. In dialogue with Erika Fischer-Lichte’s The Transformative Power of Performance, the author points out how the interplay between the two modes of perception creates an increased awareness of the act of perceiving the Other. Via Derrida and Butler, this perceiving act is then set in relation to Lévinas’ ethical concept of the subject as a host(age) – the subject as held captive by the Other and as a hospitable host for the Other. Offering this ethical frame for the analysis, the article traces how and by which means documentary theatre rearticulates a complex ethical relation between the Other on Stage and the eye (I) of the spectator. In conclusion, this potential is discussed in relation to critical citizenship.
Developing healthcare professional training to promote exercise in prostate cancer patients
Authors:   , Turner Rebecca R
Published: January 2021

Background National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommends all men with prostate cancer undergoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) should be offered a 12-week supervised resistance and aerobic exercise programme, delivered twice-weekly, to reduce fatigue and improve quality of life. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) are in a prime position to support delivery of these recommendations, yet very few do. Methods The Medical Research Council (MRC) and Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) guidance were used to develop an intervention for HCPs to provide exercise recommendation, support, and exercise referral for men on ADT. Initially, a systematic review of interventions to promote exercise behaviour in cancer survivors and a rapid review of the cancer clinical exercise recommendations was undertaken. Target behaviours for HCPs were identified from these reviews. Interview transcripts with thirty-five HCPs were then analysed using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) to understand barriers to target behaviours. Intervention functions and behaviour change techniques (BCTs) were selected and the mode of delivery determined. The intervention was refined with the input of key stakeholders in the form rehearsal deliveries, focus groups and a workshop. The training package was delivered and evaluated at two NHS sites. Results From the literature reviews, seven target behaviours were identified to support the delivery of the NICE recommendations. Key barriers to target behaviours were identified, these included a perceived lack of time, concerns about patient capabilities to exercise and lack of awareness of the recommendations. Six intervention functions and twenty-two BCTs were included in the intervention. A face-to-face, half-day, interactive and skills-based training-package, with followup at 12-weeks was developed and delivered to seventeen HCPs. Delivery of all seven target behaviours was evident, although poor adherence to ‘in clinic’ audio-recordings limited fidelity assessment. Conclusions A feasible and acceptable training package for HCPs was developed that resulted in exercise recommendation, exercise support and exercise referral to men with prostate cancer on ADT. Further evaluation is required to further assess fidelity of the delivered behaviours.
Chacona, ¡sátira es!
Authors: León Sebastián
Published: January 2021

La chacona era uno de los bailes más difundidos y ejercitados desde finales siglo XVI en España. A pesar de que no se conserven indicaciones coreográficas y pocas partituras musicales de este, se menciona en diversos textos literarios repetidas veces. Como baile cantado y con su recurrente estribillo—o bordoncillo—particular, el cual delataba su nombre y su consigna—a manera de lo que llamaríamos actualmente un slogan—, la chacona se incluía no solo en romancerillos y panfletos, sino además en comedias y, vuelta “a lo divino”, en autos sacramentales. Este baile llegaría a formar lo que se podría categorizar como un subgénero poético y parateatral, relacionado estrechamente con las temáticas pícaras, burlescas y socarronas que se suponían cantadas en los romances y letrillas sobre su base musical.
El que puntea las extrañas fantasías: Bances Candamo y la función dramática de los cordófonos
Authors: Gilabert Gaston
Published: January 2021

Los instrumentos de cuerda, cuando no van acompañados de canto, pasan generalmente desapercibidos en el teatro del Siglo de Oro, pero los dramaturgos asignaban a su sonoridad determinadas funciones. Este artículo analiza todas las apariciones de cordófonos en las comedias de Francisco Bances Candamo con el objetivo de sacar a la luz las dificultades para la investigación actual y los fundamentos que permiten extraer una semántica de estos instrumentos musicales a partir de los contextos dramáticos en los que se insertan. El resultado es un buen número de recursos poético-musicales derivados de una sonoridad que queda muchas veces enterrada en acotaciones imprecisas, pero que inspiró toda la obra del dramaturgo oficial de Carlos II y buena parte del teatro áulico de su tiempo.
“The October Revolution is Still Shaking Our World”: Italians on the centennial anniversary of 1917
Authors: Golechkova Olga
Published: January 2021

This article analyzes an isolated case within the framework of trend of jubilee mania – recent centenary celebration of the Revolution of 1917 in Italy. The author believes that many historical events reappear on the horizon when assigned to play an important role in modern politics. The article describes how the Italians view the Revolution and how it helps to explain modern Russia. The research is carried out within the framework of methodology of public history. Having examined a wide variety of sources (online articles, articles in newspapers and magazines, scientific writings, information on the congresses and conferences, exhibitions, concerts, etc.), the author attempts to demonstrate how the Russian revolutions are reflected in the Italian public opinion. The conclusion is made that the Revolution plays an important role not only in modern Russia, in Italy as well. The latter believe that the Revolution is still present in their culture and politics, correlates with their own path of political history of the XX century, including the powerful Movement for the left that emerged in the country after the World War II. At the same time, Russia did not give due attention to celebration of the centennial anniversary, focusing rather on the victory over Hitler, since this event projects the glory of the Soviet Union onto the modern Russian Federation.
Glass production on the Lava factories
Authors: Drozdov Andrei
Published: January 2021

This article describes the finds (glass pieces, byproducts, fragments of items) discovered on the site of former Lava factories, which were initially owned by V. Elmsel (1730), and in 1738 passed to the public coffers. Factories on the Lava River manufactured window glass by casting on a metal plate, as well as hot-glass items and window glass using lunar method. The glass composition and color varied: ash matter (“Cherkass glass”) was green; and potash glass was pale blue or grayish hue, discolored with cobalt and manganese. The factory also produced blue glass painted with cobalt. The analysis is conducted on the document that contains the order of the Palace Chancellery for manufacturing glass items on the Lava factories. The scientific novelty consists in the following: establishment of the location of glass factories on the Lava River; systematization of the finds and conclusion on hot and cold glass manufacturing techniques; description of the discovered fragments of glassware, mirror and window glass in comparison with similar items preserved in the museum collections and found during the archaeological excavations in Moscow; description of cooperation of Lava factories with the Saint Petersburg glass factory in execution of the Palace. The conducted research allows attributing certain items stored in the private and museum collections to the items manufactures by Lava factories. The author concludes on the need for archaeological excavations on the site of Lava factories.
Normative legal regulation of land relations of Kuban Cossacks in the XIX century
Authors: Fedina Irina Mikhailovna
Published: January 2021

The subject of this research is the land relations of Kuban Cossacks viewed through the prism of normative legal institutionalization. Special attention is given to the problem of land use of kuren and stanitsa farm settlements. The author examines the peculiarities of land use of Black Sea and Line Cossacks, questions of population and development of Kuban in the XIX century. Methodological platform is comprised of the general scientific principles of historicism, objectivity, alternativeness and systematicity, which gives a comprehensive perspective upon the problem of land use of Cossack settlements and reconstructs a holistic historical picture of research. Self-containment of land relations of Kuban Cossacks remained a phenomenon of local history for a long time, and is yet to be examined in modern Russian historiography. The following conclusions were made: 1) free use of land in Kuban in the late XVIII – early XIX centuries was gradually replaced by more restrictive measures for normative regulation of land relations; 2) practice of permissive type of legal regulation developed into the replotting system of land distribution in Kuban Cossack Army chronologically define reallotment of land; 3) initial restrictions in multiple Cossack communities with regards to  the use of wild lands spread onto the use of any land, and crop lands became the first category in allocation of lands in Kuban.
Soviet Union in the 1970s – 1980s in the mirror of foreign documentary heritage
Authors: Yakupova Dar'ya Viktorovna , Yakupov Roman Aleksandrovich
Published: January 2021

The subject of this article is the content of the foreign electronic archival documents of U.S. departments dedicated to the analysis of situation in the Soviet Union. The goal consists in carrying out a historiographical analysis of foreign documentary heritage of the United States within the framework of comprehension of historical experience of the development of the Soviet Union in the 1970s – 1989. The object this research is the published materials of the Central Intelligence Agency and the Historical Sector of the U.S. Department of State, which contain records on the analysis of development of the Soviet Union during this period. Relevance of this topic is substantiated by increased of the publically available foreign electronic archival materials, which requires their analysis, description, determination of information capacity, as well as assessment of information contained therein for further utilization in the historical (humanities) research on the contemporary history of Russia. The novelty is defined by the fact that this article is first based on interpretation of foreign historical sources to describe the capabilities and limitations of different types of published intelligence documents of the CIA and the U.S. Department of State that characterize the development of the Soviet Union in various spheres. Introduced into the scientific discourse documents allow concluding on the prospects of using the heritage of the U.S. electronic archives in the scientific research, as well as assessing their veracity and reliability. The authors note that these materials contain valuable information on the U.S. policy with regards to the USSR, and analytical awareness on socioeconomic development of the Soviet Union during the 1970s – 1980s. It is established that in many cases publication of the foreign archival documents is often of tendentious nature.
Hierarchical systems and their evolution in Buddhist communities of Central Asia
Authors: Nesterkin Sergei
Published: January 2021

This article examines the hierarchical systems established in Buddhist communities of Central Asia.  Hierarchies are viewed in the spiritual context: by level of taking of vows, educational attainment, level of practical implementation of knowledge, rank in the institution of “Reincarnated Lamas”; as well as hierarchies important in administrative context, such as levels of responsibility, governance of monasteries, rank within the structure of state administration, and interaction with government institutions. It is noted that genetically all of them ascend to Teacher – student hierarchy. This work explores the evolution of these hierarchies under the changing historical conditions, as well their complex interrelations. It is demonstrated that hierarchical system evolved depending on such factors, as the development of monastic education, increased role in the communities of “Reincarnated Lamas”, shift in the role of monasteries within state administration along with the role of government in regulation of the religious institutions. It is determined that hierarchies partially intersected, but also diverged due to the possibility of relatively autonomous practice of Sutra and Tantra, which formed different types of communities –  sangha and ganachakra respectively. In Russia, Buddhist communities were integrated into the system of state-religious relations, which required centralization of religious community resulting in the fact that the administrative church structures took the central stage. Liberalization of state control of the religious activity in post-Soviet Russia led to the emergence of multiple secular Buddhist associations that practiced Mahayanist and tantric methods structured as ganachakra. The central place was held by the structure of religious hierarchy along with “Teacher – student” relations. The conclusion is made that such structural differentiation of Buddhist communities is the results of the natural course of self-determination of various traditions in the conditions of freedom of religion.