bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular complications in end stage renal disease in a tertiary hospital in Nepal
Authors: Panjiyar Rajesh , Sharma Rajeev , Laudari Shankar , Gupta Madhu , Ghimire Madhav , Subedi Pawina , Subramanyam Gagnapatnam
Published: July 2017

Background & Objectives: The cardiovascular complications including morbidity and mortality remains alarmingly high in all stages of chronic kidney disease. Although patients with chronic kidney disease share many of the similar risk factors for cardiovascular disease as the general population, there are a number of uremia related risk factors, such as anemia and alterations in calcium/phosphorus metabolism that also play a role in promoting cardiovascular disease. The objective of the study was to study the cardiovascular complications in end stage renal disease patients on maintenance hemodialysis.Materials & Methods: It is a hospital based cross-sectional observational study conducted at College of Medical Science - teaching Hospital. Hundred patients (n=100) with a diagnosis of end stage renal disease (irrespective of the underlying cause), and those who were on hemodialysis support were studied over a period of one year.Results: One hundred end stage renal disease patients were analyzed. Cardiovascular disease was present in 74% (n=74). the mean age of the patient who had cardiovascular disease was 59.36+14.337 years. The three major causes of end stage renal disease in the study population were hypertension (35%) followed by diabetes(31%) and chronic glomerulonephritis (14%). On electrocardiogram, left ventricular hypertrophy was a major finding 64% (n=64) followed by arrhythmias 30% (n=30). On echocardiography, left ventricular hypertrophy was found in 49% (n=49) followed by left ventricular diastolic dysfunction 38% (n=38). On subgroup analysis, left ventricular hypertrophy was found statistically significant with calcium and phosphorus product > 55 mg2/dl2 (p=0.01). Similarly left ventricular systolic dysfunction, regional wall motion abnormalities and st-t changes was found statistically significant with anemia; p=0.006, p=0.0004 and p=0.02 respectively.Conclusion: Prevalence of cardiovascular complications were common in end stage renal disease patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis. Anemia, calcium and phosphorus product > 55 mg2/dl2 were their independent risk factors.
Diagnostischer Stellenwert der multiparametrischen MRT mit gezielter Fusionsbiopsie der Prostata bei Patienten mit PSA-Anstieg und negativer Stanzbiopsie zur Detektion klinisch signifikanter Prostatakarzinome
Authors: Wieler Helmut J. , Jakobs Frank M. , Taymoorian Kasra , Gerhards Arnd , Miederer Matthias , Schreckenberger Mathias , Hoffmann Manuela A.
Published: July 2017

Ziel: Die multiparametrische MRT (mpMRT) in Verbindung mit einer perinealen gezielten Ultraschall (US)-Fusionsbiopsie soll die diagnostische Präzision bei der Diagnose des klinisch signifikanten Prostatakarzinoms steigern und die Überdiagnose niedrigmaligner Karzinome reduzieren.Methoden: Bei 99 Männern mit vorherigen negativen Standardbiopsien und erhöhtem PSA wurde eine mpMRT durchgeführt und anschließend ul traschallgestützte gezielte perineale Fusionsbiopsien entnommen. Die mittels mpMRT gewonnenen PI-RADS-Daten (PS) und der histopathologisch erhobene Gleason Score (GS) wurden miteinander verglichen.Ergebnisse: Bei der mpMRT wurden bei 72/99 Patienten (73 %) Läsionen des PS 4 oder 5 gefunden. Histopathologisch zeigte sich bei 33/99 Patienten (33 %) kein Anhaltspunkt für Malignität. Bei 66 Patienten wurde trotz vorheriger negativer konventioneller Stanzbiopsien in 42 Fällen (64 %) ein low-grade- (GS 6, ≤ 7a) und in 24 Fällen (36 %) ein High-grade-Karzinom (GS ≥ 7b) entdeckt. Bei 21/24 high-grade-Karzinomen (88 %) war auch bei der mpMRT ein Karzinom detektiert worden (PS 4-5). Bei einer Sensitivität von 88 % fand sich ein negativer prädiktiver Wert (NPV) von 85 % (p=0,002). Darüber hinaus wurde bei 35 von 42 low-grade-Karzinomen (83 %) in der mpMRT ein Karzinom-Befund (PS 4-5) erhoben (p < 0,001). Die Sensitivität für eine Differenzierung zwischen low- und high- grade-Karzinomen (GS ≤ 7a vs. ≥ 7b) mittels PS betrug 88 % bei einem NPV von 70 % (p=0,74).Schlussfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Studie weisen darauf hin, dass die mpMRT-gestützte US-Fusionsbiop- sie erheblich höhere Detektionsraten zum Nachweis klinisch signifikanter Prostatakarzinome aufweist als die bislang gebräuchlichen Diagnoseverfahren. Jedoch konnte keine statistische Signifikanz bezüglich der Differenzierung zwischen high- und low-gra- de-Karzinomen gezeigt werden. Es ist zu hoffen, dass die Hybridverfahren PSMA- PET/CT bzw. PSMA-PET/MRT in der bis jetzt nicht befriedigenden Signifikanz bei der Differenzierung zwischen high- und low-gra- de-Karzinomen den nächsten Optimierungsschritt herbeiführen werden.
Synthesis of the heterocyclic core of the D-series GE2270
Authors: Berini Christophe , Martin Thibaut , Lassalas Pierrik , Marsais Francis , Baudequin Christine , Hoarau Christophe
Published: July 2017

A straightforward enantiomerically pure synthesis of the heterocyclic core of the D-series GE2270 is reported. The synthetic strategy combines the Hantzsch thiazole’s building condensation with a cross-coupling reaction including direct C–H hetarylation to build and connect step-by-step thiazolyl moieties to the 5-bromopicolinate as readily available starting material.
Verslo socialinės atsakomybės iniciatyvos įgyvendinimas Lietuvos statybų sektoriaus įmonėse: situacijos analizė
Authors: OKUNEVIČIŪTĖ NEVERAUSKIENĖ Laima , PAVLOVSKA Inga
Published: July 2017

Straipsnyje analizuojama įmonės socialinės atsakomybės koncepcija, jos vertinimo metodai, rodikliai ir standartų gairės, atliekama Lietuvos statybų sektoriaus analizė, nagrinėjamos didžiausios šios srities bendrovės, jų galimybės plėtoti verslo socialinės atsakomybės iniciatyvą, atskleidžiamos pagrindinės problemos įgyvendinant socialinės atsakomybės principus. Atlikto tyrimo rezultatai rodo, kad Lietuvos statybų sektoriuje dideles pajamas turinčios ir daugiau nei 15 metų rinkoje konkuruojančios įmonės neišnaudoja galimybės plėtoti pasaulinę verslo socialinės atsakomybės iniciatyvą.
THE REGULATION OF THE BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS BY TYPE-2 FUZZY CONTROLLER
Authors: Zeighami Aida , Ayoubi Abdolhossein
Published: July 2017

It is essential to control accurately the critical variables in patients whose normal control systems have been faced with trouble. Vital parameters were different for different people; also with respect to similar changes in the parameters, the responses were different. This issue led to changes in the model parameters. It should be noted that even a small change in some of the model parameters can lead to death of patients. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to design a controller which was robust with respect to model parameter changes and disturbances entered to the system; this controller must be able to control their blood sugar levels in a suitable settling time. One of the issues discussed in this paper is type-2 fuzzy method, which is to regulate blood glucose levels. The use of type-2 fuzzy systems allows us to model the effects of uncertainty in the systems which are based on special rules. It also gives us an opportunity to minimize the uncertainty effects, but unfortunately, because of the complexity in use and comprehension of type-2 fuzzy sets than type-1, they were less used. These complexities are due to its three-dimensional nature and the direct dependence of its relations to the development principles; this is how its computational complexity is made.
A SYSTEM FOR ACCURATELY PREDICTING THE RISK OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION USING PCG, ECG AND CLINICAL FEATURES
Authors: Zarrabi Maryam , Parsaei Hossien , Boostani Reza , Zare Azam , Dorfeshan Zhila , Zarrabi Khalil , Kojuri Javad
Published: July 2017

Myocardial infarction (MI) also known as heart attack is one of the prevalence cardiovascular diseases. MI that is due to the blockade in the coronary artery is caused by the lack of blood supply (ischemia) to heart tissue. Determining the risk of MI and hospitalizing the victim immediately can prolong patient’s life and enhance the quality of living through appropriate treatment. To make this decision more accurate, in this study, a decision support system is proposed to classify patients with hard chest pain (sign of MI) into high and low risk groups. Such a system can also assist in managing the limitation of bed in the care units such as cardiac care unit by deciding on admitting a subject with a hard chest pain whom refers to a hospital or not. Despite several efforts in this issue, the so far published results demonstrated that distinguishing these patients using just electrocardiogram (ECG) features is not promising. In addition, these methods did not focus on classifying the patients with high and low risks of MI. In this regard, auxiliary features from phonocardiogram (PCG) signals and clinical data were elicited to create a discriminative feature set and ultimately improve the performance of the decision making system. In this research, ECG (from 12 leads), PCG signal and clinical data were acquired from 83 patients two times (morning and evening) in the first day. Since the number of elicited features from the raw data of each patient is high, the irrelevant and non-discriminative features were eliminated by sequential forward selection. The selected features were applied to [Formula: see text]-nearest neighbor classifier resulted in 98.0% sensitivity, 100% specificity and 99.0% accuracy over the patients. The results illustrate that neither clinical data nor ECG features nor PCG features are lonely enough for estimating the risk of MI. Employing features from different modalities can improve the performance such that the developed multimodal-based system overperformed single modal-based systems. The obtained results are promising and suggest that using this system might be useful as a means for altering the risk of MI in patients.
Combined Magnetic Pulsed Compaction of Powder Materials
Authors: Belyaeva Irina , Mironov Viktor
Published: July 2017

Upgrading the quality of compaction of powder materials is achieved by the use of hybrid technologies when the powders are acted upon by two or more sources of loading. The present paper describes compaction of a powder under the action of static and dynamic loads. A pulse-magnetic field is used as a dynamic load. The procedure and technique of experimental researches are described. Porosity (compactness) and structure of the material are evaluated for various combinations of loads, geometrical sizes and shapes of products. The conclusion is made about significant upgrading of quality of the powder material when used the hybrid technology compared to the static compaction.
Energy Absorption Behavior of Metal/Polymer/Metal Sandwich Crash Structures
Authors: Harms Viktoria , Harhash Mohamed , Carrado Adele , Palkowski Heinz
Published: July 2017

Crash structures consisting of metal/polymer/metal (MPM) sandwich structures with a thermoplastic core exhibit a sufficient energy absorbing effectiveness, comparable or even better than metallic crash absorbers. In general, the crash structures have an unfavorable absorbing behavior at the beginning of the crash, which is indicated by high forces and small displacements. Because of this, the influence of inserted crash initiators (triggers) on the buckling mechanism was investigated using quasi-static and dynamic tests with different trigger geometries. As a result, a slit of 4 mm width decreased the peak force with about 50 % in the dynamic testing regime. A slit of 1 mm was found to be the most effective one for decreasing the peak force. The way the trigger works on the structure transferring it in a progressive buckling mechanism needs further investigation, due to a recorded double peak in the peak force area, which was not reproducible in different samples.
Investigation of Conditions of Processing Influence on Micro-Hardness Distribution in Surface Layer during Diamond Burnishing of Samples of FeC0.15Cr12Ni2 Steel
Authors: Shvetcov Aleksei Nicolaevich , Skuratov Dmitrii Leonidovich
Published: July 2017

The article shows the results of experimental investigation influence of process conditions on parameters, defining plastic deformation, during diamond burnishing process: maximum of micro-hardness and depth of hardened layer (depth of workhardening). Empirical dependences, linking the maximum of micro-hardness and depth of workhardening to the diamond burnishing process parameters, were obtained on the base of the experimental investigation.
Study of Isothermal Pneumatic Forming of High-Strength Materials Subject to Energy Theory of Short-Term Creep and Damage
Authors: Larin Sergey Nikolaevich , Platonov Valeriy Ivanovich , Leonova Evgeniya Vitalievna
Published: July 2017

Stringer radiator panels made of aluminum and titanium alloys used in the hull structure of the aircraft, which is necessary to maintain the required temperatures. section of the channel profile has a predetermined geometry - a circular or rectangular cross-section of the channel, and the channel itself can be unilateral or bilateral. The technological process of production of radiator panels is to carry out one process machining position, consisting of a series of operations performed by the gas pressure diffusion bonding two sheets and hot-forming gas channels supplied between the sheets. We consider forming a shell of material, following the energy theory of creep and defectiveness. The expressions for the evaluation process and force parameters of damage, in particular - the destruction. The effect sizes of workpiece thickness in the dome, the relative magnitudes of changes in the geometric parameters and the magnitude of damage accumulated from the time of deformation under different laws for the loading of aluminum and titanium alloys. Comparison of theoretical and experimental data on the relative thickness of the dome blanks and reference points, as well as the relative height of the workpiece indicates satisfactory their agreement.
Development of a Mathematical Model of Plate Rolling on Hot Reversing Mills
Authors: Yashin Vasiliy V. , Aryshenskii Evgenii V. , Beglov Erkin D. , Tepterev Maksim S. , Grechnikova Anna F.
Published: July 2017

Objective of the work: develop a model for calculation of plate exit thickness. This model is supposed to improve process reliability in obtaining specified thickness with +/- 0.5 mm tolerance. The work identifies major influences on obtaining specified thickness and relationship of their effects. Based on derived relationships, the work develops rolling force calculation model with the following inputs: alloy grade, feedstock temperature, feedstock entry and exit gage, feedstock width, rotational speed of the rolls. Mill stand characteristics, like mill stiffness, backlash, work roll behavior, were studied in relation to force and temperature. The resulting model allows to predict the value of work roll gap increase during rolling. The model was validated in production environment and demonstrated high confidence level of calculation results.
Metal Formability Interactions in Laser Marking for Creating of Grid Patterns for Forming Strain Analysis of High Strength Steels
Authors: Guk Sergey , Preiß Markus , Kawalla Rudolf
Published: July 2017

A commercially available laser marking system based on diode-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser was used for creating grid patterns for forming strain analysis of three different multiphase steels. The aim was to determine and analyze the influence of laser working parameters on the formability of the investigated sheet materials by means of an in-depth characterization of this induced microstructural and geometric inhomogeneity. The electrochemical etching served as the reference method without the negative effect of generating inhomogeneity. The formability was evaluated using the cupping test according to Erichsen. While the quantification of geometric inhomogeneity was based on the determination of the notch factor, microhardness measurement was used for the evaluation of micro-structural inhomogeneity. The results showed that multiphase steels exhibit similar values of the mark depth under the same creating parameters by means of laser. Furthermore, only the induced geometric inhomogeneity had a marked influence on the material formability. Finally, a method for the prediction of the optimal values of the grid pattern mark depth was developed from the perspective of its good visual recognizability and associated with the microstructure based material sensitivity to stress concentrators.
Influence Law of Initial Reverse Bulging on Sheet Hydroforming Process
Authors: Lang Li Hui , Zhang Quan Da
Published: July 2017

In order to investigating the effect of the combination of two technological parameters such as the initial bulging height and the initial bulging pressure on the sheet , the sheet hydroforming process was studied. Firstly, by using the method of numerical simulation, the sheet hydroforming process with and without the initial bulging were discussed; Secondly, the effect of both the initial bulging height and the initial bulging pressure which were based on the hydroforming with the initial bulging on the forming of the part was studied; Thirdly, the result of the simulation was verified in the experiment. It was found that when the initial bulging height is 3.75mm and the initial bulging pressure is 2MPa, the maximum thinning ratio of the sheet is 4.803% at the end of the sheet hydroforming process. According to the hydroforming process without the initial bulging factors, the maximum thinning ratio is 5.123%. It can be found that the initial bulging factors play a key role in the sheet hydroforming process. The maximum thinning ratio of the wall thickness can be decreased effectively by the appropriate initial bulging height and bulging pressure, and the forming limit can also be improved at the same time. The results of numerical simulation have a reasonable agreement with the experimental results.
Quality Evaluation System for Description of Recycled Concrete Aggregates and Verification of its Functionality
Authors: Nováková Iveta , Hájková Iveta
Published: July 2017

Article presents quality evaluation system for description of recycled concrete aggregates (RCA), verification of RCA properties and subsequent application in to concrete mixtures as a partial or total replacement of natural aggregates (NA). Modernization and rehabilitation of constructions is accompanied by creation of demolition waste from old buildings and structures. The necessity of recycling is unavoidable, because volume of construction and demolition waste (C&DW) is increasing and the landfills are reaching their maximum capacity. Nowadays, there are numerous research teams focused on analysis of characteristics and application of RCA into new concrete as a replacement of NA. Test samples of RCA have always different source, grain composition and other physical and mechanical properties, which are variously described in each different paper. Up to now, there is no any uniform quality evaluation system for description of recycled concrete aggregates, which can easily describe their source and assumed properties. Our aim is to set up rules for description of RCA and simplify the evaluation of properties of various RCA. Qualification system will be applied on three different samples of RCA and verified by the selected properties tests. Tested samples of RCA will be than used as a replacement of natural aggregates in concrete mixtures. The replacement amount was set up on 20%, 40% and 100% according to the reviewed literature, to have a comparable replacement amount and valuable results for discussion. The results of RCA testing and testing of concrete with partial and total replacement of NA showed that the evaluation system is working properly. It can be concluded, that accuracy of the quality evaluation system for description of recycled concrete aggregates is sufficient, but more tests on RCA should be done to prove all connections in between description of RCA and their properties.
Experimental Study on the Structural Performance of Beam-Column Joints in Old Buildings without Designed Shear Reinforcement under Earthquake
Authors: Dang Cong Thuat , Dinh Ngoc Hieu
Published: July 2017

Old reinforced concrete buildings constructed around 1980’s in many developing countries have been designed against mainly gravity load. Beam-column joints in these buildings contain slightly or no shear reinforcement inside the panel zones due to the construction convenience, and are vulnerable to shear failure in beam-column joints under the action of earthquake loads, especially for the exterior beam-column joints. This experimental study aimed to investigate the seismic performance of five half-scale exterior beam-column joints simulating the joints in existing reinforced-concrete buildings with non-shear hoop details. The test results showed that the structural performances of the beam-column joints under earthquake including failure mode, load-drift ratio relationship, shear strain of the joints and energy dissipation are strongly affected by the amount of longitudinal reinforcing bars of beams.
Effective Porosity Comparison with a Lime Mortar Matrix Base during 350 to 700 Days
Authors: Perez Judith Alejandra Velázquez , Molina Wilfrido Martínez , Chávez-García Hugo Luis , Guzmán Elia Mercedes Alonso , Ruiz Rosalía Ruiz
Published: July 2017

This research is an investigation about the use of powder material additions with mortars lime base for a possible implementation in construction and/or restoration of historical sites. Mortars were elaborated in laboratory conditions with a 1:2.5 in weight proportion. One of the proofs to which these mortars were submitted was the test of capillary absorption; this way, the influence of the materials added to powder in these mortars determined porosity. Mortars were made with different percentages of materials. These powder materials are brick manufacturing ash, quarry powder, clay and maize starch. The test was run during 350 to 700 days. It obtained better results with 700 days than with 350 days.
Characterizations of Newly Fabricated Composite Materials Based on Organoclay Incorporated Polymeric Matrix
Authors: Lal Bhajan , Attaullah Attaullah , Arain Shafique Ahmed , Haleem Sajid , Kumar Sagar
Published: July 2017

This article reports the synthesis of engineered materials i.e. composite materials based on matrix (polymeric polyacrylic acid) and reinforcement (organic clay) through 6-hour and 12-hour ultrasonication at different intervals. All the precursors and desired composite materials were characterized by Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The disappearance of Si-O characteristic peak after ultrasonication justifies the fabrication and incorporation of organoclay in the polymeric structure of polyacrylic acid as revealed by FT-IR analysis. The SEM images interpreted the surface morphology, porosity, distribution and compatibility of matrix and reinforcement in it, which has been achieved successfully in this study for exfoliation form.
Ash Substitution Effect in Brick Fabrication in Induration Time and Mechanical Resistance in Mortars Portland Cement Base
Authors: Arreola Sánchez Mauricio , Guzmán Elia Mercedes Alonso , Chávez-García Hugo Luis , Molina Wilfrido Martínez , Seras Marco Antonio Navarrete
Published: July 2017

In this research, we prepared cement-sand mortars and cement-water paste with partial substitutions associated to cement weight. We used ash coming from wood burnt to firing red brick. The objective is to determine the probable pozzolanic activity in cement matrix. We employed five different proportions of ash to make mortars. We studied the substitutions 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30%. We evaluated the cement-sand mixing workability, the normal consistency, and the indurating time in cement-water pastes. We researched simple compression, flexion, tension, adherence, electrical Resistivity, and Pulse Ultrasonic Velocity in the mortars in ages: 14, 28, 45, 90, 180, and 360 days. We also characterized the particle form of the cement and the ash. It only had the best results in the 15% substitution.
Development of thermal conductive sheet with low interfacial heat resistance
Authors: Tomikawa Masao , Shimada Akira , Shinba Yoichi
Published: July 2017

In order to reduce total heat resistance, we focused on reducing an interfacial heat resistance between high thermal conductive sheet composed of resin and heat conductive filler and metal such as Cu or Al. The interfacial heat resistance was determined by dispersion of high heat conductive filler and interfacial residual stress. The good dispersed sheet shows lower interfacial resistance than poor dispersed sheet, The interfacial residual stress causes an poor contact to metal to make void in the interface. To consider the effect of those facts, we successfully developed the high thermal conductive sheet with extremely low interfacial resistance. The interface heat resistance is below 0,009W/C.
Player and Game Characteristics and Head Impacts in Female Youth Ice Hockey Players
Authors: Reed Nick , Taha Tim , Greenwald Richard , Keightley Michelle
Published: July 2017

Context: 

Despite the growing popularity of ice hockey among female youth and interest in the biomechanics of head impacts in sport, the head impacts sustained by this population have yet to be characterized.

Objectives: 

To describe the number of, biomechanical characteristics of, and exposure to head impacts of female youth ice hockey players during competition and to investigate the influences of player and game characteristics on head impacts.

Design: 

Cohort study.

Methods: 

Twenty-seven female youth ice hockey players (mean age = 12.5 ± 0.52 years) wore instrumented ice hockey helmets during 66 ice hockey games over a 3-year period. Data specific to player, game, and biomechanical head impact characteristics were recorded. A multiple regression analysis identified factors most associated with head impacts of greater frequency and severity.

Results: 

A total of 436 total head impacts were sustained during 6924 minutes of active ice hockey participation (0.9 ± 0.6 impacts per player per game; range, 0–2.1). A higher body mass index (BMI) significantly predicted a higher number of head impacts sustained per game (P = .008). Linear acceleration of head impacts was greater in older players and those who played the forward position, had a greater BMI, and spent more time on the ice (P = .008), whereas greater rotational acceleration was present in older players who had a greater BMI and played the forward position (P = .008). During tournament games, increased ice time predicted increased severity of head impacts (P = .03).

Conclusions: 

This study reveals for the first time that head impacts are occurring in female youth ice hockey players, albeit at a lower rate and severity than in male youth ice hockey players, despite the lack of intentional body checking.
A retrospective study on antibiotic use in different clinical departments of a Teaching Hospital in Zawiya, Libya
Authors: Katakam Prakash , Elfituri Abdulbaset , Ramadan Zaidoon , Abadi Osama
Published: July 2017

A cross-sectional retrospective drug utilization study was conducted in different wards of the Zawiya teaching hospital, Libya, over a 15-month period. One hundred prescriptions were examined, of which 51% were for females. The World Health Organization (WHO) indicators (utilization in defined daily doses (DDD); DDD/1000inh/ day) were used and the ATC/DDD method was implemented. The most frequently prescribed antibiotic (30 occurrences) was amoxicillin+clavulanic acid, while the least frequent (once) was neomycin or cloxacillin. The DDD/1000inh/day of amoxicillin+clavulanic acid was the highest (11.69) and that of ciprofloxacin was lowest (2.86). The ward with the highest number of prescribed antibiotics (35%) was surgery, while the ward with the lowest number (9%) was ENT. Average treatment period was found to be five days. In conclusion, our data showed an overuse of amoxicillin+clavulanic acid in contrast to other antibiotics. High pharmacological effectiveness against most local and systemic infections, low incidence of side effects, and the availability of many suitable dosage forms with different strengths was thought to be the reason that prescribers tended to prefer amoxicillin+clavulanic acid over other antibiotics. This study showed a need for microbiological investigation before treatment of infections. This also helps physicians to have a more precise idea about prescriptive patterns prevalent in the Libyan community.
Assessment of role of dissection in anatomy teaching from the perspective of undergraduate students: A qualitative study
Authors: Arora Latika , Sharma B
Published: July 2017

Teaching of Anatomy and the use of dissection in undergraduate teaching is witnessing a major change in medical colleges of India. Undergraduate medical students in India go through an extensive Anatomy teaching by dissection. There has been much debate about use of dissection or prossected part Anatomy teaching and both sides of argument are significant. Many issues have been debated about variety of responses of undergraduate medical students to human cadaver, problems faced by students who are taught by dissection or by prossected part teaching and relative costs and educational merits of using cadaver with alternative methods. The present study is an attempt to express our views in this ongoing debate based on the views of undergraduate students gathered by their participation in this questionnaire based study. It was noted that both MBBS and BDS students found dissection as a tool that helps them in better understanding of Anatomy and provides to visualize different organs of human body and their relationship.
Gelfand Type Elliptic Problem Involving Advection
Authors: Lai Baishun , Zhang Lulu
Published: July 2017

We consider the following Gelfand type elliptic problem involving advection

-\Delta u+a(x) \cdot \nabla u=e^{u}\ \ \text{in}\ \mathbb R^{N},

where

a(x)

is a smooth vector field. According to energy estimates, we obtain the nonexistence results of stable solution for this equation under some restrict conditions about

a(x)

for

N\leq 9

.On the other hand, combining Liapunov–Schmidt reduction method, we prove that it possesses a solution for

N\geq 4

. Besides, if

a

is divergence free and satisfies a smallness condition, then the equation above admits a stable solution for

N\geq11

.
Examples of Plentiful Discrete Spectra in Infinite Spatial Cruciform Quantum Waveguides
Authors: Bakharev Fedor L. , Matveenko Sergey G. , Nazarov Sergei A.
Published: July 2017

Spatial cruciform quantum waveguides (the Dirichlet problem for Laplace operator) are constructed such that the total multiplicity of the discrete spectrum exceeds any preassigned number.
The Scholar Discussion on the Concept of Economic Law in Soviet Union in the Years 1956–1958
Authors: Małecki Witold
Published: July 2017

Formulating the concept of economic law as one of the branches of law became possible as a result of a resumption of scholar discussion on the system of Soviet law after the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in February 1956. Argumentation in favor of the separation of economic law within the system of law, which was presented by V.S. Tadevosyan, V.P. Efimochkin and I.V. Pavlov, concerned mainly the areas of theory of law and functional aspects of research on economic law. In the field of theory of law the argumentation focused on objective separateness of social relations constituting the matter of economic law. Functional reasons corresponded to the need for deepening scholar reflection on the provisions regarding state economy, due to its dynamic growth and modifications. The concept of economic law as a separate branch of law was, however, met with criticism concerning the theoretical inadequacy of separating the matter of economic law and contradiction with the views of V.I. Lenin.
Entrevista a Álvaro Siza
Authors: Mas Llorens Vicente , García-Gasco Lominchar Sergio , Silvestre Navarro Francisco , Tostoes Ana
Published: July 2017

En sus primeras obras, el restaurante de Boa Nova y las piscinas de Leça de Palmeira, utilizó usted el hormigón visto, y tras un largo periodo de abandono de este material, lo ha retomado en sus últimos edificios adoptando ahora el hormigón blanco, ¿Cual es su relación con ese material?
Mesa redonda virtual
Authors: Mas Llorens Vicente , García-Gasco Lominchar Sergio
Published: July 2017

Del análisis de los dibujos y las fotografías de las distintas viviendas y de la lectura de los textos que los acompañan, cada lector sacará, estamos seguros, las conclusiones más apropiadas y los conocimientos que le resulten de mayor utilidad. Pero parecía que faltase cierta confrontación de ideas, algo que superase una simple acumulación de artículos conectados sólo por el tema. una mesa redonda entre todos los autores, o su mayor parte, en la que se hablase de los planteamientos más generales parecía una buena solución, pero la posibilidad de reunir a seis equipos de arquitectos que habitan ciudades distantes no resultaba factible, de modo que hemos realizado una mesa redonda virtual a través de internet.

Las preguntas y las respuestas son genuinas pero la conversación entre los autores no se ha producido nunca.
Casa "Bom Jesus" II en Bom Jesus-Braga. Portugal
Authors: Eduardo Souto de Moura Arquitecto
Published: July 2017

Desde el exterior, el volumen se perfi la rotundo e infranqueable, muy celoso de su intimidad. El hormigón, tosco y másico, ayuda a potenciar esta idea de lugar introvertido. El espacio de entrada está protagonizado por cinco cipreses que contrarrestan la horizontalidad de los muros de la vivienda. Junto con el estanque y el talud vegetal se marca el camino a seguir hasta la puerta de acceso. El porche de entrada, un hueco en el muro ciego de hormigón, es el resultado de un desplazamiento entre dos volúmenes de hormigón, uno apoyado sobre otro, e intencionadamente delimitados a través del proceso de encofrado. En el lado opuesto a la entrada, donde la parcela desciende para crear bancales escalonados hacia el sur, la vivienda muestra su cara más abierta con una generosa apertura en planta baja que permite iluminar todas las estancias de día.
Los dibujos de proyecto de J.L. Sert para la fundación Joan Miro de Barcelona
Authors: Granell Trias Enrique , Redondo Domínguez Ernest
Published: July 2017

Josep Ll. Sert ha sido uno de los arquitectos españoles de mayor prestigio internacional. Tras diversos años de exilio regresa a España de forma esporádica en la década de 1950. De ese periodo nacen los proyectos de la Fundación Maeght, Saint Paul de Vence, el estudio de Joan Miró en Mallorca y el de la Fundación Miró en Barcelona. El objetivo de este trabajo es el análisis formal del edificio y el gráfico de sus bocetos, puestos en contexto con otras obras de Sert y en el de su relación personal con Joan Miró y Joan Prats. La metodología de trabajo ha sido el análisis formal del museo comparándolo con otras obras suyas. En paralelo se ha estudiado el registro gráfico de Sert, demostrando como fue siempre fiel al mismo, en una síntesis perfecta entre pensamiento arquitectónico racional y su expresión gráfica.
Restitución gráfica de un ejemplo de paisaje industrial lineal: la carretera Andoain-Urnieta
Authors: Senderos Laka María , Mujika Urteaga Marte , Azpiri Albistegui Ana
Published: July 2017

El fin del presente trabajo es analizar un conjunto de edificios fabriles situados a lo largo de una carretera, un ejemplo de paisaje industrial lineal, fenómeno característico de Gipuzkoa en la primera mitad del siglo xx.

Se trata de realizar una reconstrucción gráfica de un grupo de edificaciones que se hallan en diferentes estados de conservación, pero que corren riesgo de desaparecer, y que han sido protegidos por su valor arquitectónico singular, pero no como conjunto arquitectónico y patrimonial.

Se pretende implantar una metodología gráfica válida para la investigación y descripción de este tipo de paisajes lineales, que pueda ser reutilizada para el estudio de otros conjuntos patrimoniales similares.
Linguagem e ensino de sociologia: reflexões sobre a apropriação da linguagem sociológica
Authors: De Souza Erika Kulessa
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1806-5023.2016v13n1p141Neste artigo proponho uma reflexão sobre o aprendizado da Sociologia no Ensino Médio, tendo a linguagem questão central. Considero alguns aspectos da dimensão linguística do ensino e procuro caracterizar a linguagem sociológica e suas relações com o desenvolvimento do olhar sociológico. Recorro às contribuições de Wittgenstein e Vigotski sobre as relações entre pensamento, linguagem e conhecimento, pois apesar de apresentarem concepções de linguagem distintas, e em alguma medida conflitantes, é possível aproximar as implicações que essas duas perspectivas têm para compreender o processo de apropriação da linguagem sociológica.
A secularização na ultramodernidade católica europeia
Authors: Botelho Moniz Jorge
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1806-5023.2016v13n1p188A ultramodernidade europeia trouxe um novo entendimento sobre o conceito de secularização. Mais sensível à pluralidade das suas expressões contextuais e à sua multidimensionalidade, a sociologia da religião redefiniu-a dentro dum campo mais plural, não se atrevendo porém a entrar no campo empírico-factual. Este desiderato parece ter sido deixado à ciência política.A nossa investigação pretende, portanto, construir o primeiro conceito operativo e mensurável que, aplicado a um conjunto específico de países europeus – Áustria, Eslováquia, Espanha, Itália, Polónia e Portugal – e assente em critérios de pesquisa determinados – variáveis sociológica, político-histórica e jurídica –, nos permita aferir mais rigorosamente sobre os contornos modernos deste fenómeno.Com o recurso a um tipo específico de análise sobre a secularização desejamos não somente introduzir um contributo conceptual original, mas, principalmente, responder à demanda de estudos mais finos e de recorte epistemológico mais preciso sobre a deslocação e recomposição do religioso nas sociedades hodiernas.
O debate sobre meio e raça na geração intelectual de 1870: a construção de um projeto de civilização para o Brasil
Authors: Couto Bruno Gontyjo do
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1806-5023.2016v13n1p94Desde a década de 1850, as bases materiais e simbólicas do Império vinham se desestruturando. No âmago desse período de crises e transformações, uma série de grupos e atores sociais que viviam e incorporavam esse período de diferentes perspectivas, começaram a gestar – direta e indiretamente, consciente e inconscientemente, por meio do cruzamento de práticas e discursos – um novo projeto de país, um novo projeto de sociedade: um projeto de “Civilização” inspirado na realidade que despontava no Velho Mundo. Dentro desse contexto, a chamada geração intelectual de 1870 assume a missão de formular análises e perspectivas sobre o país com o objetivo final de traçar o caminho que constituiria o Brasil como um país civilizado. Em suas análises, descobrem o “problema” da indefinição racial e da falta de integração nacional como obstáculos a serem superados nesse sentido, propondo uma série de projetos de intervenção.
MARTUSCELLI, Danilo Enrico. Crises políticas e capitalismo neoliberal no Brasil. Curitiba: CRV, 2015.
Authors: Dias Rodolfo Palazzo
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1806-5023.2016v13n2p225
Pobreza e alienação eleitoral em Moçambique
Authors: Victorino Acrisio Pereira
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1806-5023.2016v13n2p61O presente artigo apresenta como objetivo, os fatores que tem possibilitado a expansão da alienação eleitoral nas eleições legislativas em Moçambique, de 1994 a 2014. A pesquisa parte da evidência de que há uma tendência de mudança no comportamento do eleitor, ao longo das eleições já realizadas em Moçambique. Neste sentido, procurou-se avaliar se a condição de pobreza estimula, retrai ou não afeta no nível de alienação eleitoral. A metodologia utilizada para a realização do estudo foi do tipo mista (qualitativa e quantitativa), baseada nos dados eleitorais, de 1994 a 2014, e em dados secundários que indicam o nível de pobreza no país. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que a variação do comportamento do eleitorado moçambicano relaciona-se com os altos níveis de pobreza registados no país.
Natureza do espaço em Leibniz e a correspondência Leibniz-Clarke
Authors: Polito Antony Marco Mota , Polito Caio Marcello Mota
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1808-1711.2015v19n2p297We study the Leibnizian conception of space based upon a critical analysis of the arguments developed throughout the Leibniz–Clarke correspondence. This study is done upon the content of the correspondence originally published by Clarke in 1717 and wholly republished by H. G. Alexander in 1956. Our main goal is to show how it is possible to unfold the Leibnizian concept of space in three distinct ontological structures, each one interconnected and strongly based in the principle of preestablished harmony. These three structures anticipate ideas that were partially, at least, retaken inside some modern perspectives in physics and its philosophy. The main points discussed are: (i) the contention against the newtonian atomism and absolute space; (ii) the ontological and physical implications of the Leibnizian metaphysical principles; (iii) the problem of the symmetry; (iv) the identification of a real property of spatial extension; (v) the conception of relative space as ideal structure and (vi) the emergency of a structure of relational space founded in the real structure of spatial extension.
Análise das objeções ao significado dos nomes próprios na teoria matalinguística
Authors: Mendonça Josailton Fernandes
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1808-1711.2015v19n3p405In this paper I examine the three known objections to metalinguistic semantic theory of proper names: the objection of generalization, the objection of circularity, and the objection arising from Kripke’s modal argument. I’m trying to demonstrate that these objections are not conclusive as refutation or rejection of metalinguistic theory. I argue that this is a not a theory of reference but rather of the meaning or semantic value of proper names. Thus, the semantic value of a proper name “N” is “The bearer of ‘N’.” In this approach the significance of this proper name unifies all the possibilities for its referential use and allow us to defend that the name itself is an expression of language, despite arguments to the contrary.
Computing possible worlds in the history of modern astronomy
Authors: Pessoa Jr. Osvaldo , Gesing Rafaela , Souza Mariana Jó de , Marcílio Daniel Carlos de Melo
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1808-1711.2016v20n1p117As part of an ongoing study of causal models in the history of science, a counterfactual scenario in the history of modern astronomy is explored with the aid of computer simulations. After the definition of “linking advance”, a possible world involving technological antecedence is described, branching out in 1510, in which the telescope is invented 70 years before its actual construction, at the time in which Fracastoro actually built the first prototelescope. By using the principle of the closest possible world (PCP), we estimate that in this scenario the discovery of the elliptical orbit of Mars would by anticipated by only 28 years. The second part of the paper involves an estimate of the probability of the previous scenario, guided by the principle that the actual world is the mean (PAM) and using computer simulations to create possible worlds in which the time spans between advances is varied according to a gamma distribution function. Taking into account the importance of the use of the diaphragm for the invention of the telescope, the probability that the telescope were built by 1538 for a branching time at 1510 is found to be smaller than 1%. The work shows that one of the important features of computational simulations in philosophy of science is to serve as a consistency check for the intuitions and speculations of the philosopher.
Quantum Worlds
Authors: Barrett Jeffrey A.
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1808-1711.2016v20n1p45Because of the conceptual difficulties it faces, quantum mechanics provides a salient example of how alternative metaphysical commitments may clarify our understanding of a physical theory and the explanations it provides. Here we will consider how postulating alternative quantum worlds in the context of Hugh Everett III’s pure wave mechanics may serve to explain determinate measurement records and the standard quantum statistics. We will focus on the properties of such worlds, then briefly consider other metaphysical options available for interpreting pure wave mechanics. These reflections will serve to illustrate both the nature and the limits of naturalized metaphysics.
How far will the meme go: the unit problem and the ontology problem
Authors: Leal-Toledo Gustavo , Almeida Mateus Machado Pinto de
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1808-1711.2016v20n2p239 Since it was first proposed, Memetics had to deal with a variety of criticism. This article discusses two of them, namely, the problem of meme unit and the problem of meme ontology. In both cases the answer to the type of problem raised will follow the same reasoning: to show that much of the criticism could also be made to evolutionary biology, especially in its origins, and show that finished answers are not necessary to allow us to develop research in memetics.
A organização do espaço escolar na educação infantil
Authors: De Souza Renata Junqueira , Hernandes Elianeth Dias Kanthack , Silva Isabela Fernanda Roberto da
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-4512.2016v18n34p165Este estudo teve a intenção de refletir sobre a importância do espaço escolar na Educação Infantil. A proposta do trabalho foi a de apresentar, por intermédio de pesquisa bibliográfica e da aplicação de um questionário junto aos educadores de uma escola municipal pública, do interior paulista, a percepção desses sujeitos sobre os espaços escolares e suas utilizações para o processo educativo de crianças menores. A análise dos dados coletados, quando cotejados com os referenciais que deram sustentação à pesquisa, mostra que não existe consenso entre os educadores sobre como deveriam ser organizados e disponibilizados os espaços escolares para as crianças na Educação Infantil. Os referenciais teóricos que utilizamos demonstram quão importantes e fecundos podem ser esses espaços ocupados pelas crianças nas escolas de primeira infância, principalmente se forem adequados à exploração e às interações.
Letramento Financeiro: Um Diagnóstico de Saberes Docentes
Authors: Coutinho Cileda De Queiroz e Silva , Teixeira James
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1981-1322.2015v10n2p1O trabalho a seguir apresenta e discute os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada com um grupo de 161 professores voluntários, a fim de diagnosticar o letramento financeiro de professores de Matemática que atuam no Ensino Médio. A partir das respostas obtidas no questionário aplicado ao grupo, a hipótese levantada é a de que a educação financeira só é alcançada quando trabalhada por um grupo de professores letrados financeiramente. Isso implica em que estes conheçam e dominem os conceitos de matemática financeira, disciplina fundamental para o ensino e a aprendizagem da educação financeira em conformidade com a Estratégia Nacional de Educação Financeira (ENEF), instituída pelo governo federal por meio do Decreto 7.397/10. A metodologia utilizada foi a Análise Estatística Implicativa (ASI), que buscou responder à hipótese da pesquisa por meio do exame de árvores de coesão e grafos implicativos. Entre os resultados observados, destacamos a percepção da matemática financeira como sendo praticamente o mesmo que a educação financeira, explicando assim as dificuldades observadas em pesquisas anteriores para a discussão crítica dos elementos contextuais de um problema envolvendo os temas abordados.