bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-GNSS positioning for landslide monitoring: a case study at the Recica landslide
Authors: Li Weiguo
Published: August 2022

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning has characteristics of simple operation, high efficiency and high precision technique for landslide surface monitoring. In recent years, finalization of modern GNSS systems Galileo and BeiDou has brought a possibility of multi-GNSS positioning. The paper focuses on evaluation of possible benefits of multi-GNSS constellations in landslide monitoring. While simulating observational conditions of selected Recica landslide in the Czech Republic, one-month data from well-established permanent GNSS reference stations were processed. Besides various constellation combinations, differential and Precise Point Positioning techniques, observation data lengths and observation sampling intervals were evaluated. Based on the results, using a combination of GPS and GLONASS, or GPS, GLONASS and Galileo systems can be recommended, together with a static differential technique and observation periods for data collection exceeding eight hours. In the last step, data from GNSS repetitive campaigns realized at the Recica landslide during two years were processed with optimal setup and obtained displacement results were compared to standard geotechnical measurements.
Network upgrade exploiting multi band: S- or E-band?
Authors: Sambo Nicola , Correia Bruno , Napoli Antonio , Pedro João , Kiani Leily , Castoldi Piero , Curri Vittorio
Published: August 2022

Nowadays, the fiber spectrum is only partially exploited, i.e., mainly in the C-band and more recently in the C

+

L-band, where the fiber attenuation profile experiences the minimum. Thus, fiber communications technology—amplifiers, switching, transceivers, etc.—and networking solutions are mature for those spectrum bands. However, the continuous increase in traffic means that capacity saturation of the current infrastructure is looming. Taking advantage of the unused portions of the spectrum (e.g., the S- and E-bands) may be an efficient solution to accommodate an increase in traffic without installing new fibers. Research is thus investigating multi-band transmission and networking to evaluate and enable such network upgrades. Some issues need to be solved or taken into account, from the enabling technology (e.g., amplifiers in the S- or E-band are still under development) to physical layer effects previously neglected, such as stimulated Raman scattering (SRS). SRS affects wideband transmission, potentially degrading active channels. The contribution of this paper is the investigation of network upgrades for C

+

L-band systems. In particular, upgrades exploiting the E- and S-bands are compared taking into account each band capacity and the effects of SRS on both new and already deployed channels (in both the C- and L-bands). A detailed analysis of the physical layer is provided also in the presence of guard bands between previously exploited bands and the bands used for upgrade. By leveraging the physical layer assessment, a networking analysis is carried out to evaluate the supported traffic increase and also the signal quality degradation due to SRS on active channels. The results suggest that upgrades to the E- and S-bands support a comparable increase in traffic. However, the exploitation of the E-band with 14 THz of guard band between the C- and E-bands may avoid detrimental effects to already active channels in the C

+

L-band, suggesting this upgrade strategy can be the most effective of the two.
High-temperature and high-efficiency operation of a membrane optical link with a buried-ridge-waveguide bonded on a Si substrate
Authors: Fang Weicheng , Takahashi Naoki , Horikawa Tsuyoshi , Ohiso Yoshitaka , Xue Ruihao , Katsumi Shunto , Amemiya Tomohiro , Nishiyama Nobuhiko
Published: August 2022

We demonstrate a membrane photonic integrated circuit (MPIC) that includes a membrane distributed feedback (DFB) laser and a p-i-n photodiode with a buried-ridge-waveguide (BRW) on a Si substrate, using a-Si nanofilm-assisted room-temperature surface activated bonding (SAB) for on-chip optical interconnection. The BRW structure enhanced the lateral optical confinement compared with that of the conventional flat structure. The directly bonded membrane DFB laser using SAB had a lower thermal resistance and higher output power than the previous structure using a benzocyclobutene (BCB) bonding layer. The DFB laser had a low threshold current of 0.27 mA at 25 °C. The maximum detected photocurrent and slope efficiency were 0.95 mA and 0.203 mA/mA, respectively, at 25 °C. The MPIC was successfully operated at temperatures up to 120 °C. The 3-dB bandwidths of 16.8 GHz and 10.1 GHz were achieved at 25 °C and 80 °C, respectively, and 25 Gbps and 15 Gbps non-return-to-zero (NRZ) 215-1 pseudo-random bit sequence signals were recorded at 25 °C and 80 °C, respectively.
Investigating the effect of turbulence on IPI in a vehicular OCC system using PSF analysis
Authors: Eghbal Mina , Tabataba Foroogh Sadat , Abouei Jamshid
Published: August 2022

Optical camera communication (OCC) has emerged as a promising technology for wireless communication owing to its enormous potential benefits. However, turbulence conditions can restrict the feasibility of OCC systems that employ multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques. In this work, we consider a vehicular MIMO-OCC system model in which the traffic light LEDs transmit data streams separately in parallel channels to the camera of a vehicle. We analyze the effect of turbulence on the inter-pixel interference (IPI) and bit error rate (BER) of the low speed vehicular MIMO-OCC system using the point spread function (PSF) of the optical channel. We introduce two performance metrics, i.e., digital number difference (DND) and the percentage of separable LEDs (PSLED) for strong and very strong turbulence conditions, respectively. The parameters of the camera and traffic light LEDs can affect the IPI caused by turbulence. It is shown that the DND of MIMO-OCC systems with larger focal length and LED size less affected by turbulence. In addition, smaller f-number and pixel size reduce the effect of turbulence on DND. It is also demonstrated that very strong turbulence can reduce PSLED for links longer than 20 m. Moreover, if turbulence reduces PSLED, increasing the LEDs’ intensity cannot efficiently reduce the BER in the MIMO-OCC system.
Chemical and microbial characterization of sugarcane mill mud for soil applications
Authors: Uchimiya Minori , Hay Anthony G. , LeBlanc Jeffrey
Published: August 2022

Sugarcane mill mud/filter cake is an activated sludge-like byproduct from the clarifier of a raw sugar production factory, where cane juice is heated to ≈90°C for 1–2 hr, after the removal of bagasse. Mill mud is enriched with organic carbon, nitrogen, and nutrient minerals; no prior report utilized 16S rRNA gene sequencing to characterize the microbial composition. Mill mud could be applied to agricultural fields as biofertilizer to replace or supplement chemical fertilizers, and as bio-stimulant to replenish microorganisms and organic carbon depleted by erosion and post-harvest field burning. However, mill mud has historically caused waste management challenges in the United States. This study reports on the chemical and microbial (16S rRNA) characteristics for mill muds of diverse origin and ages. Chemical signature (high phosphorus) distinguished mill mud from bagasse (high carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio) and soil (high pH) samples of diverse geographical/environmental origins. Bacterial alpha diversity of all sample types (mill mud, bagasse, and soil) was inversely correlated with C/N. Firmicutes dominated the microbial composition of fresh byproducts (mill mud and bagasse) as-produced within the operating factory. Upon aging and environmental exposure, the microbial community of the byproducts diversified to resemble that of soils, and became dominated by varying proportions of other phyla such as Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Planctomyces. In summary, chemical properties allowed grouping of sample types (mill mud, bagasse, and soil-like), and microbial diversity analyses visualized aging caused by outdoor exposures including soil amendment and composting. Results suggest that a transient turnover of microbiome by amendments shifts towards more resilient population governed by the chemistry of bulk soil.
Evaluating the efficacy of Mazao Tickoff (Metarhizium anisopliae ICIPE 7) in controlling natural tick infestations on cattle in coastal Kenya: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Oundo Joseph Wang’ang’a , Masiga Daniel , Okal Michael Nyang’anga , Bron Gebbiena M. , Akutse Komivi S. , Subramanian Sevgan , Bosch Quirine ten , Koenraadt Constantianus J. M. , Kalayou Shewit
Published: August 2022

Ticks and tick-borne diseases cause substantial economic losses to the livestock industry in sub-Saharan Africa. Mazao Tickoff is a novel bioacaricide developed for tick control and is based on the entomopathogenic fungusMetarhizium anisopliaesensu lato (s.l.) isolate ICIPE 7. To date, no randomized controlled study has been undertaken to demonstrate the efficacy of this bioacaricide in reducing natural tick infestation on cattle. To this end, this field trial is designed to evaluate the anti-tick efficacy of Mazao Tickoff on cattle in coastal Kenya compared to a standard chemical tick control protocol. In this prospective, multi-center randomized controlled trial, eligible herds will be randomized by the herd size to the intervention arm in a 1:1:1 ratio to either Triatix®(active ingredient: amitraz); Mazao Tickoff (active ingredient:M.anisopliaeICIPE 7); or placebo (excipients of the Mazao Tickoff), with a total enrollment target of 1,077 cattle. Treatments will be dispensed on Day 0 (defined individually as the day each animal receives the first treatment) and thereafter every two weeks until Day 182. Ticks will be counted on every animal in each herd (herds to be included have at least one animal bearing at least one tick on Day 0), and thereafter on bi-weekly intervals until Day 182. The primary efficacy assessments of Mazao Tickoff will be based on the mean percentage reduction in tick counts at each post-treatment follow-up visit compared to the placebo group and the Triatix®arm. Further, the effect of Mazao Tickoff on the prevalence of common cattle pathogens,Anaplasma marginaleandTheileria parva, will be determined by assessing incidence and seroprevalence at four different time points. This protocol describes the first rigorous evaluation of the efficacy of Mazao Tickoff and its potential as a viable alternative non-chemical acaricide tool for tick control in Kenya and elsewhere.
Key issues in the effectiveness of public financial tools to support childbearing the example of Hungary during the COVID-19 crisis
Authors: Sági Judit , Lentner Csaba
Published: August 2022

The propensity to have children, which, according to the view accepted in the literature, is a good predictor of actual childbearing, is of particular importance in countries with low fertility rates and economic prosperity. In this paper, we report the results of a representative survey of 15,700 respondents in 2021 of university students in an emerging market economy in Central Europe, mapping their intentions to have children. The PLS-SEM data analysis method was used to test our hypotheses on the relationships between social, economic, and environmental variables of childbearing. Our results confirm the dominant role of socio-cultural inclusiveness in childbearing, over socio-economic and environmental-economic factors. The novelty of our research lies in the impact analysis of family policy incentives; however, our results are consistent with those documented in the literature, namely, the primacy of socio-cultural factors in the willingness of childbearing.
Urinary metabotypes of newborns with perinatal asphyxia undergoing therapeutic hypothermia
Authors: Valerio Enrico , Mardegan Veronica , Stocchero Matteo , Cavicchiolo Maria Elena , Pirillo Paola , Poloniato Gabriele , D’Onofrio Gianluca , Bonadies Luca , Giordano Giuseppe , Baraldi Eugenio
Published: August 2022

Perinatal asphyxia (PA) still occurs in about three to five per 1,000 deliveries in developed countries; 20% of these infants show hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aim of our study was to apply metabolomic analysis to newborns undergoing therapeutic hypothermia (TH) after PA to identify a distinct metabotype associated with the development of HIE on brain MRI. We enrolled 53 infants born at >35 weeks of gestation with PA: 21 of them showed HIE on brain MRI (the “HIE” group), and 32 did not (the “no HIE” group). Urine samples were collected at 24, 48 and 72 hours of TH. Metabolomic data were acquired using high-resolution mass spectrometry and analyzed with univariate and multivariate methods. Considering the first urines collected during TH, untargeted analysis found 111 relevant predictors capable of discriminating between the two groups. Of 35 metabolites showing independent discriminatory power, four have been well characterized: L-alanine, Creatine, L-3-methylhistidine, and L-lysine. The first three relate to cellular energy metabolism; their involvement suggests a multimodal derangement of cellular energy metabolism during PA/HIE. In addition, seven other metabolites with a lower annotation level (proline betaine, L-prolyl-L-phenylalanine, 2-methyl-dodecanedioic acid, S-(2-methylpropionyl)-dihydrolipoamide-E, 2,6 dimethylheptanoyl carnitine, Octanoylglucuronide, 19-hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione) showed biological consistency with the clinical picture of PA. Moreover, 4 annotated metabolites (L-lysine, L-3-methylhistidine, 2-methyl-dodecanedioic acid, S-(2-methylpropionyl)-dihydrolipoamide-E) retained a significant difference between the “HIE” and “no HIE” groups during all the TH treatment. Our analysis identified a distinct urinary metabotype associated with pathological findings on MRI, and discovered 2 putative markers (L-lysine, L-3-methylhistidine) which may be useful for identifying neonates at risk of developing HIE after PA.
Risk-associated factors associated with the bovine viral diarrhea virus in dromedary camels, sheep, and goats in abattoir surveillance and semi-closed herd system
Authors: Al-Mubarak Abdullah I. A. , Hussen Jamal , Kandeel Mahmoud , Al-Kubati Anwar A. G. , Falemban Baraa , Skeikh Abdullah , Hemida Maged Gomaa
Published: August 2022

Background and Aim: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is one of the most important viral pathogens causing high economic losses in cattle of all ages. Despite the active vaccination campaigns against BVDV, many outbreaks are still detected in various populations of cattle worldwide. Other species of animals such as dromedary camels, sheep, and goats may harbor BVDV infection and cause variable clinical syndromes. Thus, they may act as a source of infection to the cattle population around them. However, little is still known about the roles of these animals in the viral transmission and sustainability of BVDV in the environment. This study aimed to explore if the dromedary camels, sheep, and goats may seroconvert against BVDV and to study some associated risk factors for BVDV in these species of animals.

Materials and Methods: We tested 1012 serum samples from dromedary camels, 84 from goats, and 21 from sheep for BVDV antibodies using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Meanwhile, we selected 211 serum samples from dromedary camels to be tested for the BVDV antigen using the commercial ELISA kits.

Results: Our results show that 49/1117 serum samples were positive for the BVDV antibodies in dromedary camels (46/1012), goats (3/84), and none of the tested sheep samples were positive. However, none of the collected serum samples tested positive for the BVDV antigen.

Conclusion: Seroconversion of some dromedary camels, sheep, and goats to the BVDV with no history of vaccination against BVDV strongly suggests the potential roles of these species of animals in the virus transmission cycle. The main limitations of the current study are (1) the lack of samples from other species of animals that lived close by these animals, particularly cattle. (2) lack of follow-up samples from the same animal over a long period. We believe the long-term longitudinal study of BVDV in various species of animals, particularly dromedary camels, goats, and sheep, is one of our future research directions. This will provide more information about the dynamics of BVDV antibodies in these species of animals.
Implementation of neurobiological and various signal processing algorithms using FPGA circuits
Authors: Schäffer László
Published: August 2022

A jelfeldolgozás a számítástudomány fontos része, amelyet az automatizálás, a mintafelismerés, a szabályzáselmélet, a mesterséges intelligencia, valamint a hálózatépítés és a kommunikáció területén is alkalmaznak. Jel bármi lehet, ami mérhető, és minden, ami mérhető, az analóg vagy digitális jelfeldolgozási módszerekkel is feldolgozható, továbbá elkerülhetetlenül feldolgozásra is kerül. Ez lehet hőmérsékletmérés, egy kamera képe vagy az agyi tevékenység felvétele, mindegyiket valamilyen módon fel kell dolgozni. A jelfeldolgozás első lépése a fizikai mennyiség mérése. A mérés után a mennyiség szűrhető és erősíthető. Ideális körülmények között a zajmentes és megfelelő amplitúdójú mennyiség átalakítható digitális jellé analóg-digitális konverter (ADC) segítségével. Ezt a digitális jelet feldolgozhatja egy központi processzor (CPU) / mikroprocesszor, egy mikrokontroller, egy grafikus feldolgozó egység (GPU), egy programozható logikai kapu áramkör (FPGA) vagy egy alkalmazásspecifikus integrált áramkör (ASIC). A hardver cseréje a jelfeldolgozó alkalmazásokban egy összetett feladat, és általában a már optimalizált szoftver módosítását igényli. Sok esetben csak a szoftveren történő optimalizálás korlátozott előrelépést jelent, bár az idő- és energiabefektetés jelentős. Ezekben az esetekben az FPGA használata lehetővé teszi a hardver architektúra gyors megváltoztatását a szoftverrel együtt, valamint valós idejű és hatékony működést kínál. A doktori értekezés FPGA-alapú valós idejű jelfeldolgozási feladatokat mutat be, beleértve a neurofiziológiai mérésekben található akciós potenciál észlelését és osztályozását. A bemutatott megközelítések közös jellemzője a valós időben történő működés FPGA használatával. A disszertáció három fő részből áll. Az első fejezet a neurofiziológiai jelek valós idejű FPGA alapú észlelését és szintézisét mutatja be, a második fejezet a neurofiziológiai jelek térbeli információk felhasználásával történő szintén valós idejű osztályozását, míg a harmadik fejezet az FPGA alapú rendszerek alkalmazását a jelfeldolgozásban és szimulációban.
Doses of sulfur at topdressing and organic compost supply at planting in the production, quality and content of macronutrients in lettuce seeds
Authors: Martins Bruno Novaes Menezes , Jorge Letícia Galhardo , Colombari Lidiane Fernandes , Martins Bardiviesso Estefânia , Nasser Maurício Dominguez , Sousa Marília Caixeta , Cardoso Antonio Ismael Inácio
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study was to evaluate doses of sulfur applied at topdressing, with and without organic compost supply at planting, in the production, physiological quality and content of macronutrients in lettuce seeds. Ten treatments were evaluated in a 5x2 factorial scheme (five sulfur doses at topdressing x with and without application of organic compost at planting). The experimental design was a randomized block design, with four replicates. The sulfur doses applied at topdressing fertilization were 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1 of S, in addition to the control treatment (dose zero). Regarding the treatments with organic compost, the dose of 70 t ha-1 of compost (wet basis) was supplied at planting. The following characteristics were evaluated: seed production (mass and number of seeds per plant), seed quality (mass of one thousand seeds, first count of the standard germination test, germination percentage, and germination speed index) and content of macronutrients and mineral accumulation. The organic compost supply at planting increased seed production by 43% compared to the treatment without the application of organic compost, while the doses of sulfur did not affect the production of lettuce seeds. The supply of organic compost increased the accumulation of a great part of the macronutrients, except for the accumulation of calcium. The lettuce seeds quality was not affected by both the main treatments, the sulfur doses at topdressing and the organic compost supply at planting. The descending order of nutrients accumulated in the lettuce seeds was nitrogen> potassium> phosphorus> magnesium> calcium> sulfur.
Germplasm screening of Myrtus communius Var. Italica l. for cultivar development from dir lower (Malakand Division), Pakistan
Authors: Gul Rahim  , Rahmatullah Quresh  , Hazrat Ali
Published: August 2022

Habb-ul-Aas is a commercial drug obtained from Myrtus communis L and widely used for abdominal disorders in Pakistan. This sclerophyllous shrub is commonly found in the Lower Dir, Malakand Division, Pakistan. This plant is used as crude drug in herbal as well as pharmaceutical industry due to presence of aromatic oil obtained from various parts of the plant. Two varieties viz., italic and baetica of the plant exist in the world; however, no study reported before about the existence of this species up to the varietal level from Pakistan. The current study was undertaken to characterize the existing germplasm by using certain morphometric parameters in relation to physiognomic features. They exhibit high variability among characters, especially for characteristics useful in selecting cultivars for commercial production. Among the various ecotypes, MBT3 possessed high shoot length (29.96cm), leaf area (2.3cm), fruit volume (0.97ml) & fruit weight (0.88g) and pulp (0.87g) and therefore recommended for the cultivar development.
UFSM XIKA FW: sugarcane cultivar for southern Brazil
Authors: Caron Braulio Otomar , Knapp Fábio Miguel , Schmidt Denise , Souza Velci Queiróz de , Marchioro Volmir Sergio , Ferrari Mauricio , Meier Carine
Published: August 2022

In Brazil, in view of the different soil and climatic conditions of the sugarcane-producing regions, a strategy of creating small breeding programs for the crop is being used. Since 2008, the sugarcane breeding program of the Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), has been developing new, better adapted and higher-yielding sugarcane cultivars for the climate conditions of the southern region of Brazil. Cultivar UFSM XIKA FW was developed at the Laboratories of Agroclimatology and Genetic Breeding and Plant Production of the UFSM, Campus Frederico Westphalen. It is the first mutation-induced sugarcane cultivar that was protected by the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply, Brazil. The genotype used for mutation induction was cultivar IAC 87-3396, due to its good performance characteristics in the southern region. The mutation mechanism was induced in 2011, by immersing individual buds in a solution of the chemical mutagenic agent methyl methane sulfonate. The best genotypes were selected and tested in plant cane in 2013 and 2018 and in ratoon cane trials in 2014 and 2015. The new cultivar has a higher sugar production potential, and the mean yield of four years was 8.2 t ha-1 higher than that of the control, indicating a high yield potential.
Loss sampling methods for soybean mechanical harvest
Authors: Strini Paixão Carla Segatto , Voltarelli Murilo Aparecido , Costa Souza Jarlyson Brunno , De Brito Filho Armando Lopes , Silva Rouverson Pereira da
Published: August 2022

Harvesting is one of the most important stages of the agricultural production process. However, the lack of monitoring during this operation and the absence of efficient methodologies to quantify losses have contributed to the decline in the quality of the operation. The objective of this study was to monitor mechanized soybean harvest by quantifying losses through two methodologies using statistical process control. The study was conducted in March 2016 in an agricultural area in the municipality of Ribeirão Preto, SP, using a John Deere harvester model 1470 with a tangential-type track system and separation by a straw-blower. The experimental design followed the standards established by statistical process control, and every 8 min of harvest, the total losses by the circular framework and rectangular framework methodologies were simultaneously quantified, totaling 40 points. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and statistical process control. The averages of the circular methodology framework were values above those found in the rectangular methodology framework, presenting greater representativeness of losses. The process was considered unable to maintain losses of soybeans at acceptable levels during mechanical harvest throughout the operation of the two frameworks. The circular framework for collecting samples at different locations resulted in higher reliability of data.
Body parts affected in accidents at work: a population cross-sectional study in brazilian semi-arid municipalities
Authors: Guimarães Ximenes Neto Francisco Rosemiro , Lourenção Luciano Garcia , Dos Santos Francisco Diogenes , Carneiro Marques João Paulo , Guimarães Ximenes Maria Roselange , Brasileiro Gomes Francisca Mayara , Siqueira Lima Freitas Cibelly Aliny , Nazaré Oliveira Eliany
Published: August 2022

Knowing the body parts affected in accidents at work is important to support managers and professionals in the sectors of work safety in the adoption of measures to promote health and prevent accidents. This study identifies the body parts affected in a work accident registered at the Reference Center for Occupational Health (CEREST) ​​in Sobral, Ceará, Brazil. It is a cross-sectional study, carried out from the database of the Reference Center for Occupational Health in Sobral, Ceará, Brazil. Data were collected between March 2015 and February 2016, from notifications of occupational accidents from the National System of Notifiable Diseases (SINAN), referring to the period from 2009 to 2013, totaling 2,438 occurrences. There was accidents involving the hands (37.6%), upper limbs (15.4%), lower limbs (13.0%) and feet (10.9%) were the most frequent. Were observed a greater number of victims of occupational accidents among men (90.7%) in the age group of 20 to 59 years (85.6%). There is, in fact, a predominance of body parts involved in occupational accidents in the population, with emphasis on the hand, upper limb, lower limb and foot (p = 0.0001). The study showed workers' health promotion strategies should be encouraged in the workplace, as well as the guarantee of access and the correct use of personal protective equipment, for the prevention of risks, injuries and diseases, considering that accidents cause expenses for the State and losses for the victims.
Concepts for millimeter wave-based detection of African trypanosomes in field-compatible liquid systems
Authors: Mueh Mario , Knieß Robert , Göringer H. Ulrich , Damm Christian
Published: August 2022

Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) is caused by the African trypanosome, a single-cell parasite that proliferates in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of infected patients. Diagnostic measures for this pathogen are currently not sufficiently robust and reliable enough to permit effective disease control procedures. As a consequence, we suggested the development of a new sensor type, combining the selectivity of parasite-specific nucleic acid aptamers with the sensitivity of resonant electromagnetic devices to capture and detect the disease-causing organism. While we accomplished the detection of parasite cells in dehydrated specimens, here we summarize our recent progress toward electromagnetic sensors capable of uncovering parasites in liquid patient samples. We present a technique for the removal of blood cells from blood specimens and the deposition of trypanosome cells on glass microfiber membranes for dielectric spectrometry. Liquid suspensions of trypanosomes are characterized to determine the actual dielectric properties of single parasites and lastly, we present two sensor concepts optimized for the detection in liquids, along with a fabrication technique for the integration of microfluidic sample confinements.
Effect of applying air pressure during wet etching of micro copper PCB tracks with ferric chloride
Authors: Atta Raghied M.
Published: August 2022

Copper is an important commercial material used in various industries, especially in interconnections of microelectronics devices and printed circuit boards (PCBs). Wet etching has been widely used to machine copper tracks for producing micro-components. This process is simple and easy to implement. The selection of a suitable chemical etchant is one of the most important factors for the wet etching process, as it affects the etch rate and surface profile. Ferric chloride is considered an effective copper etchant as it possesses significant advantages. However, when etched pattern structures decrease beyond certain dimensions, ferric chloride falls short due to its isotropic nature which causes etch undercut that adds severe limitations to the process. To improve the etch rate and etch factor for the etched copper tracks, applying pressure (both positive and negative) during wet etching is suggested. Test structures with different geometry using copper spiral coils were patterned and wet etched using ferric chloride under different pressure values. The experimental study showed that the etch rate increases almost linearly with increasing pressure. Etch factor also varies with structure geometry and increases with pressure, reaching a maximum of about 2.4 at the maximum available pressure of 50 psi.
Steuerung im Netzwerk Schule und Spitzensport. Zwischen schulischer Eigenlogik und politischer Programmatik
Authors: Bonn Benjamin , Symanzik Tino , Körner Swen
Published: August 2022

Verbundmodelle von Schule und Spitzensport wie die NRW-Sportschule sind als Netzwerke mit vielfältigen Akteuren und Erwartungen zu beobachten, in denen programmatische Zielvorstellungen in die Gestaltung und Durchführung von Maßnahmen und die Arbeit diverser Organisationen und Personen übertragen werden sollen. Die Herausforderung für eine zielgerichtete Steuerung des Netzwerks liegt deshalb in der Koordination des Handelns einzelner Personen und der Entwicklung systemischen Wissens sowie der Ermöglichung des Lernens des Netzwerks. Der Beitrag präzisiert das Problem der Steuerung im Verbund aus der Perspektive von Netzwerktheorie und Wissensmanagement. Empirische Erkenntnisse aus der Evaluation der NRW-Sportschule dienen als Anwendungsbeispiele der (möglichen) Bearbeitung dieser Herausforderung. Zugleich ist die Evaluation selbst als Steuerungsversuch des Netzwerks kritisch einzuordnen.
Covariant coordinate transformations and scalar-field – matter interactions
Authors: Bruce Stanley A.
Published: August 2022

We propose a classical Lorentz invariant model of local scalar-field - matter interactions where the zeroth component of the space-time coordinates of a particle is modified by a background Klein–Gordon field. This model is not directly explained in terms of the standard model (SM) because the CPT symmetry is generally broken with a Hermitian Hamiltonian. Our ultimate goal (which is not explored here) is to construct a quantum field theory approach to tackle the matter–antimatter asymmetry problem. To understand the basics of the theory, two examples are discussed only at the quantum mechanical level: (i) a (quantum) harmonic oscillator with the occurrence of negative-energy eigenvalues where the effective energy-masses of the ‘particle and antiparticle’ are not symmetric with respect to the non-physical zero-energy mode of the oscillator; (ii) a Dirac particle in an electromagnetic (EM) linear potential.
Co-tutorship process with high-risk children: an evaluation of the Rede Mãe Paranaense
Authors: Shibukawa Bianca Machado Cruz , Piran Camila Moraes Garollo , Araújo Claudiana Ribeiro da Silva , Furtado Marcela Demitto , Merino Maria de Fátima Garcia Lopes , Higarashi Ieda Harumi
Published: August 2022

Objective: to understand how the co-tutorship between primary health care and the referral outpatient clinic from the Mother Network from Paraná (Rede Mãe Paranaense) in the follow up of high-risk children. Methods: qualitative study carried out by understanding the process of co-tutorship between primary health care and the referral outpatient clinic of the Stork Network (Rede Cegonha) in the follow up of high-risk children. The study included 28 coordinators of primary health care and two representatives of the high-risk clinic. Data collection was carried out through interviews that were transcribed and underwent thematic category analysis according with Bardin's principles. Results: data analysis led to the creation of the category Communication between primary health care and outpatient clinics: outcomes of the (dis)continuity of care to high-risk children. It became clear that the process of co-tutorship has weaknesses that prevent the provision of integral care. Conclusion: fragmented communication and lack of alignment between the services, in addition to not acting like co-tutors as they provide care to children and their families lead to shortcomings in the attention provided. Contributions to practice: the study allowed for the identification of weaknesses that can be crucial for future interventions in the high risk childcare network.
Life cycle analysis for reconstituted decorative lumber from an ecological perspective: A Review
Authors: Zhou Chengmin , Shi Ziyan , Kaner Jake
Published: August 2022

In response to global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the Chinese government has pledged to curtail increased carbon dioxide emissions beyond 2030 and to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, thus achieving a status of an ecological civilization. Reconstituted decorative lumber, with rotary-cut (or planed) veneer from plantation or common species timber as the main raw material, has beneficial development opportunities for forestry from the perspective of an ecological civilization. This paper first discusses China’s current state of ecological civilization, then researches the various life cycles of reconstituted decorative lumber using the life cycle theory and provides a reference for the Chinese reconstituted decorative lumber industry’s development by analyzing progress in related fields. The eco-friendliness of reconstituted decorative lumber is explained via systematic combing, and proposals for the use and promotion of reconstituted decorative lumber in the new period are presented. Research and analysis findings show that it is necessary to comprehensively regulate the production chain of reconstituted decorative lumber based on life cycle. Research on the development and utilization of reconstituted decorative lumber needs to be strengthened. The promotion and marketing of reconstituted decorative lumber can be promoted by emphasizing its ecological significance.
Lentes de Contato Dentais
Authors: Spezzia Sérgio
Published: August 2022

O requisito estético vem sendo bastante valorizado e os indivíduos buscam pela obtenção de um sorriso estético que seja condizente com os padrões de beleza. A reabilitação bucal estética pode empregar vários recursos restauradores para conseguir alcançar desfecho clínico satisfatório. As lentes de contato dentais englobam fragmentos cerâmicos extremamente finos e envolvem um recurso estético que pode ser empregado satisfatoriamente. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi averiguar como as lentes de contato dentais podem ser utilizadas nos procedimentos odontológicos estéticos. Realizou-se revisão narrativa de literatura com levantamento nas bases de dados Lilacs, Google Acadêmico de estudos e artigos que tratavam do uso das lentes de contato dentais como recurso estético em Odontologia. As lentes de contato dentais englobam facetas de porcelana ultrafinas com espessura em torno de 0,2 a 0,5 milímetros. Existem vantagens e desvantagens advindas do uso dessa técnica. Concluiu-se que a reabilitação oral obtida com o recurso da utilização das lentes de contato dentais pode propiciar um melhor desfecho clínico e estético quando houver selecionamento dessa técnica de maneira condizente com o quadro clínico odontológico dos indivíduos em tratamento.
A study on biological activities of Bouea macrophylla Griff leaf extract
Authors: Hai Ha Pham Thi , Kien Cuong Tran , Thu Nha Nguyen Thi , Hoang Lan Nguyen Phan , Thuan Anh Nguyen Huu , Long Giang Bach , Minh Quan Pham , Quoc Toan Tran , Quoc Long Pham , Thanh Luan Nguyen
Published: August 2022

Bouea macrophylla in the family Anacardiaceae is a prominent fruit in Southeast Asia, especially in Vietnam with several prospects. This study focused on the bioactive components and biological effects of B. macrophylla ethanol leaf extract. Phytochemical analysis revealed various compounds including polyphenol, tannin, saponin, reducing agent, flavonoid, and essential oil in the extract. The DPPH assay showed the remarkable antioxidant capacity of the extract (IC50 = 6.4 ± 0.08 μg/ml), which is stronger than ascorbic acid (IC50 = 9.35 ± 0.12 μg/ml). The disc diffusion method and minimal inhibitory concentration test displayed the significant antibacterial ability of the extract against Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, and Bacillus cereus at the range from 10 - 15 mg/ml, but no activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, the MTT assay was performed the noticeable anticancer activity of the extract in HepG2 (IC50 = 72.33 ± 0.68 μg/ml), and MCF-7 cells (IC50 = 50.25 ± 1.36 μg/ml). Taken together, this study indicated the effects of B. macrophylla ethanol leaf extract from Vinh Long Province, Vietnam on antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. Therefore, B. macrophylla possibly is used in the food industry and medicine.
Expression of a synthetic gene encoding the enhanced green fluorescent protein in various Escherichia coli strains
Authors: Nha Trang Nguyen Thi , Thu Ha Huynh Thi , Phuong Thao Nguyen , Anh Tho Duong Thi , Trang Cao Thi , Ha Thanh Le Thi , Hoang Tue Nguyen , Hoang Loc Nguyen , Ngoc Luong Nguyen
Published: August 2022

Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (eGFP) shows much stronger fluorescence than its ancestor, Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP), thus has been widely applied as a reporter for biomedical research. In this study, we reported the expression of a synthetic codon optimized gene encoding eGFP in Escherichia coli (E. coli). The gene was cloned into two expression vectors, pQE30 and pColdII and the resulting recombinant vectors were transformed into E. coli M15 and BL21 De3 RIL codon plus strains, respectively. The expression levels of functional eGFP showed a temperature dependent pattern, in which lowering the induction temperature increased the amount of functional eGFP. Surprisingly, eGFP showed a phenomenon called auto-induction when E. coli TOP10 cells carrying recombinant pQE30 and pColdII were grown on Luria Broth plates. The recombinant eGFP showed robust stability even at room temperature, thus greatly facilitated its purification and handling. Mouse polyclonal antibodies were conveniently generated against the protein. Besides its potential application as a reporter gene in E. coli, the gene and its expression systems reported here are extremely useful as models for teaching recombinant DNA technology at undergraduate level.
Multilingual Composition in Translated Versions of Premchand's Selected Short Stories
Authors: Anuradha V. , Siddiqui Saira , Sheema Mariya
Published: August 2022

Throughout history, written and spoken translations have played a crucial role in inter-human communication, providing access to important texts for scholarship and religious purposes. The practice of translating is longestablished, but the discipline of translation studies is new.
In academic circles, translation was previously related to just a language-learning activity. The study of literary translation began through comparative literature, translation workshops and contrastive analysis. Translation studies have expanded hugely and are now often considered interdisciplinary.
History of Indian Translation in Literature has always been an attempt to reveal the various facts of ancient and modern Indian literature and its effect on the contemporary scene of Indian literature in English. It also highlights and discusses the very nature of translation to the Indians.
The notion of translation was encouraged during the colonial period by the British. The translation is culture related. The interpreted approach is the branch of translation which is also known as the 'theory of sense'. This paper aims to analyse the interpretative approach in multilingual
composition and translated versions of works of Premchand's selected short stories. Multilingual composition in translated versions of Premchand's short fiction published in Urdu and Hindi and translated into English by different translators over a period of time. It focuses on the translating
process, particularly on the nature of meaning as sense- as opposed to linguistic or verbal meaning and the nature of linguistic ambiguities. The resultant theory makes a distinction between implicitness (what the writer intends to say or means) and explicitness (what is said or written).
New Normal Modes of Education During Pandemic
Authors: Bhattacharyya Sayantan
Published: August 2022

Online learning is nothing new, it was already prevalent. With the COVID-19 pandemic, schools and colleges had to shift from physical classrooms to remote classrooms. Powered through the use of the internet, video conferencing software(s), and other suit(s) of online tools, online teaching
and learning is the new normal mode of education. This paper aims to discuss the benefits, the disadvantages, the classroom environment, and factors affecting evaluation in the online mode of education.
Ciência e reparação: 100 anos das Contribuições de Lise Meitner para o Efeito Auger
Authors: Morcelle V. , Ferreira R.M.S. , Santos A.C.F.
Published: August 2022

Há 100 anos, a física austríaca Lise Meitner (1878–1968) descobriu um efeito amplamente utilizado na atualidade para analisar superfícies e estudar a dinâmica da dissociação de moléculas isoladas, o Efeito Auger, estudado em disciplinas avançadas na graduação em Física. Neste trabalho, revisaremos alguns aspectos da história de Lise Meitner e da física do efeito, que até hoje leva o nome do físico francês Pierre Auger (1899–1993), que descobriu o mesmo fenômeno cerca de dois anos depois. Assim como outros pesquisadores, endossamos a importância de renomear este efeito e reconhecer as contribuições de ambos os cientistas.
Recursos hídricos superficiais da região sul de Santa Catarina – Background geoquímico da região afetada pela mineração de carvão
Authors: Cardoso Albert Teixeira , Fan Fernando Mainardi , Franzen Melissa , Simão Gustavo , Troian Guilherme Casarotto
Published: August 2022

A diferenciação entre concentrações naturais de espécies químicas presentes nos recursos hídricos, background geoquímico, daquelas encontradas em locais contaminados é fundamental em projetos de recuperação de áreas degradadas. Apesar das ações de melhoria ambiental que vem sendo realizadas por mais de duas décadas na região de Santa Catarina impactada pela mineração de carvão, seu background geoquímico ainda não é plenamente conhecido. O preenchimento dessa lacuna de conhecimento foi objetivo deste estudo, que analisou os resultados de campanhas de monitoramento realizadas pelo Serviço Geológico do Brasil SGB/CPRM durante três anos. A distribuição de parâmetros de qualidade dos rios e córregos não afetados por contaminações antrópicas da área de estudo foi analisada. Este banco de dados foi utilizado para realização de análises de componentes principais (ACP) e de cluster, e na definição dos valores de background, que foi feito pelos métodos de boxplot e mediana ± 2 MAD (Median Absolute Deviation). As análises estatísticas multivariada convergiram para o agrupamento dos locais de coleta em dois grupos, um relacionado às rochas sedimentares da Bacia do Paraná, com maior correlação com os parâmetros Eh, SO42-, Ca, Mg, EC, Mn, acidez, Zn, e Na, e outro às rochas do embasamento cristalino, correlacionadas com pH, Cu, Al, K, e Fe. O resultado do background geoquímico foi similar para ambos os métodos, com valores de pH, Fe, Al, e Mn levemente diferentes daqueles definidos nas normas CONAMA 357/05 e Portaria MS 888/21.
Nielen, Holger. Philosophische Grundprobleme in der Science Fiction. Logos 2021/22.
Authors: Krüger Oliver
Published: August 2022

Review of Philosophische Grundprobleme in der Science Fiction by Holger Nielen.
“CONSERVATIVE DEMOCRACY” AS A KIND OF POLITICAL CONSERVATISM
Authors:   Perm State University, Fadeeva L. A. , Dumler D. A.
Published: August 2022

The article describes the conservative discourse in modern Russia, focused on finding an adequate conservative model for the country, taking place from 2014 to 2022 on the virtual platform - ‘Russian idea’. The article uses extensive materials of the web-site, with focus on the position of the project manager Boris Mezhuyev, one of the most famous inspirers of the conservative turn. Relying on the ideas of Vadim Tsymbursky, Mezhuyev builds an independent line of conservative discourse, taking into account current situation. The project managed to include many representatives of different backgrounds and views, which allowed Boris Mezhuyev to form his concept of “conservative democracy” taking into account different positions. The formation of the concept is based on the Mezhuyev’s desire to combine theory and practice, including the conservative bias of the United Russia Party, and to do so based on what they see as the main values of conservatism as a political ideology. The change in the political situation on February 24, 2022 caused Mezhuyev's decision to close the project. We believe that this experience is useful for Political Science, especially since the life of virtual platforms can be short, so it is necessary to carry out their scientific screen shot.
Race, Borders, and Jurisdiction
Authors: Achiume E. Tendayi
Published: August 2022

International borders are mechanisms of racialised exclusion and inclusion. Building on my prior work on liberal racial borders, in this essay based on my keynote speech at the AjV-DGIR conference on ‘Jurisdiction – Who speaks international law?’, I reflect on aspects of the doctrine of jurisdiction as crucial mechanisms through which these borders reinforce a persisting global racialised order.
Washing Protocol for Intact Proteoform MALDI on Human Pancreas v1
Authors: J. Zemaitis Kevin
Published: August 2022

Scope: A detailed protocol entailing the sample washing protocols developed for human pancreas, this includes several timed washing steps for fixing the tissue, removing small molecule interferents, and desalting the tissue surface optimized for use with a Spectroglyph EP-MALDI-2 source mounted on a custom Thermo Scientific UHMR Q Exactive HF Orbitrap. Expected Outcomes: Human pancreas slides ready for pre-extraction and/or matrix application.
TissuePreparation for Intact Proteoform MALDI-MSI on Human Tissue v1
Authors: J. Zemaitis Kevin
Published: August 2022

Scope: A detailed protocol entailing the overall protocols developed for human tissue sections for the UHMR HF Orbitrap platform. This includes QC metrics for tissue sectioning, an overview of different sample washing steps, an optional tissue acidification protocol, as well as matrix application. Expected Outcomes: Tissue sections fully prepared for MALDI imaging using UHMR HF Orbitrap.
Frozen Tissue Nuclei Extraction (for 10xV3 snSEQ) v1
Authors: Cortes-Gutierrez Marcia
Published: August 2022

Protocol for extraction of nuclei from frozen tissue in preparation for single-nuclei sequencing (droplet-based/10X). This protocol is based strongly on a similar extraction protocol from the McCarroll lab. Except we use a 27% iodixanol cushion to separate debris from nuclei instead of FAC sorting.