bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chronicle of the Society of Neurologists and Psychiatrists at the Imperial Kazan University for 1907-1908
Authors: Bekhterev V. M. , Ostankov P. A.
Published: January 2022

Debate on the report of Dr. A. V. Favorsky: on the issue of lumbar puncture in nervous diseases.

Prof. V. P. Osipov demonstrated the Kroenig device, which he used in Munk's laboratory, while working on a lumbar puncture; With the help of a simple device, the researcher can several times during the puncture examine the pressure of the fluid and thereby obtain important and comparatively accurate data on pressure, which the speaker could not obtain.
Revisión conceptual de sistemas de recomendación y geolocalización aplicados a la seguridad turística
Authors: Barliza Andrés David Solano
Published: January 2022

Introducción: El uso de tecnologías aporta a la solución de problemas reales y permite generar nuevas oportunidades para potenciar productos o servicios en diferentes sectores, y uno de ellos es el turismo. En el turismo se hace necesario diseñar soluciones tecnológicas en el área de la seguridad turística, elemento diferencial que genera competitividad de los destinos turísticos.

Objetivo: Presentar una revisión conceptual y de casos de estudio de sistemas de recomendación y geolocalización aplicados a la seguridad turística.

Método: Para documentar el artículo se utilizó una metodología de tipo conceptual -descriptiva, a través de la exploración de fuentes de información almacenas en las principales bases de datos científicas.

Resultados: Se encontró en la revisión conceptual que, si bien existen desarrollos de sistemas de recomendación y geolocalización aplicados al ámbito de turismo, muchos de ellos no están enfocados a la seguridad turística, por lo que se hace relevante diseñar una propuesta innovadora con tecnologías de la información y comunicación- TIC, para generar ambientes seguros y que contribuya a un tratamiento diferencial a los turistas en el lugar de destino donde se realiza la actividad turística.

Conclusiones: La hibridación tecnológica entre los sistemas de recomendación y geolocalización podría ser una alternativa valiosa para desarrollar una solución innovadora que permita atender y fortalecer la seguridad turista.
Evaluating clinical outcomes associated with ectopic pregnancies
Authors: Banotra Palvi , Rashid Adil
Published: January 2022

Background: Ectopic pregnancy refers to the implantation of a fertilized ovum outside the endometrium. There is no doubt that ectopic pregnancy is a common cause of morbidity; however, the associated mortality has declined significantly over the years due to early diagnosis and timely intervention.Methods: This prospective study was conducted at Lala Ded Hospital, Srinagar from April 2016-March 2017. All the patients with ectopic pregnancies admitted through accident and emergency unit and through gynaecoloy out-patient department were included in the study. The data on several factors was analyzed like; parity, clinical presentation, risk factors, management and findings at laparotomy, to draw a valid inference. All the patients were managed as per hospital protocol and followed till discharge from the hospital.  Results: The present study revealed that the commonest age group affected with ectopic pregnancies is 20-24 years with majority of patients having previous spontaneous abortion as being high risk factor associated with ectopic pregnancies followed by pelvic inflammatory disease. The most dominant clinical presentation among the study subjects was pain and the commonest site of ectopic pregnancy was ampulla region of fallopian tube. Most of the patients were successfully managed with the help of salpingectomyConclusions: We suggest that the possibility of ectopic pregnancies should not be ignored in the reproductive age group especially in patients presenting with severe abdominal pain because delayed diagnosis often halts timely intervention which in turn invite serious health consequences.
Evaluation of clinical efficacy of immediate implant placement into debrided infected sockets using demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft and platelet rich fibrin membrane: a clinical trial
Authors: Sharma Deepali , Gupta Ankita , Jha Puja , Sachan Swapnil , Kumar Varun , Manhas Kamaljeet , Vaid Pulkit
Published: January 2022

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of demineralised freeze dried bone allograft (DFDBA) and platelet rich fibrin (PRF) membrane in immediate implant placement into debrided infected mandibular molar sockets.

Methods: A clinical trial was conducted on 15 adult patients requiring tooth extraction and replacement with endosseous implants. Atraumatic tooth extraction was followed by thorough debridement of the socket prior to implant placement. Demineralized freeze dried bone allograft and PRF membranes were used for guided bone regeneration. Pain, signs of infection, vertical bone height measurements (IS-BIC) and stability of implants (torque values) were assessed using paired t test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Chi-square test.

Results: Statistically significant reduction in pain from immediate post-operative (post-op) day to 1st post-op day, 7th post-op day to 4 months post-op (p=0.006) was seen. Infection was present preoperatively and absent post-op 1st day, 7th day and 4 month in all the subjects. The mean IS-BIC was 2.30±2.27 mm post-op and 0.75±0.74 mm at 4 months. Average height gain on mesial and distal side was 1.55 mm (p=0.009).

Conclusions: With proper pre-op and post-op care, immediate implant placement along with DFDBA and PRF membrane in teeth exhibiting periapical pathology, is a cost effective, time saving and reliable treatment option.
Didática freiriana dos professores nos cursos de licenciatura de uma universidade comunitária
Authors: Pizzinatto Carolayne Paulina , Dickmann Ivo
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo revela, a partir das falas dos professores dos cursos de licenciatura de uma universidade comunitária, na região sul do Brasil, a aderência de sua práxis pedagógica à didática freiriana. A base epistêmico-metodológica da pesquisa é a didática freiriana e as falas dos professores foram interpretadas a partir da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam para uma identidade da práxis dos professores entrevistados com a didática freiriana, embora muitas vezes de forma não intencional, mas sempre conectando práticas críticas às suas ações pedagógicas freirianas. Conclui-se o estudo com considerações indicativas para a formação de professores na perspectiva da didática freiriana, tendo como base o diálogo, a pausa pedagógica, o contexto concreto das práticas e novas relações educador-educando.THE FREIREAN DIDACTICS OF PROFESSORS IN THE LICENTIATE DEGREE COURSES OF A COMMUNITY UNIVERSITYThis article reveals, from professors’ speeches of the licentiate degree courses at a community university, in the southern region of Brazil, the adherence of their pedagogical praxis to Freirean didactics. The epistemic-methodological basis of the research is the Freirean didactics and the professors’ speeches were interpreted from the content analysis. The results point to a praxis identity of the professors interviewed with Freirean didactics, although often unintentionally, but always connecting critical practices to their Freirean pedagogical actions. The study is concluded with indicative considerations for the professor training from the Freirean didactics’ perspective, based on dialogue, pedagogical pause, the concrete context of practices and new educator-student relationships.KEYWORDS: Freirean didactics; Licentiate Degree; Professor training; Paulo Freire. DIDÁCTICA FREIRINA DE LOS MAESTROS EN LOS CURSOS DE GRADUACIÓN EN UNA UNIVERSIDAD COMUNITARIAEste artículo revela, a partir de los discursos de los maestros de los cursos de graduación en una universidad comunitaria, en la región sur de Brasil, la adhesión de su praxis pedagógica a la didáctica freiriana. La base epistémica-metodológica de la investigación es la didáctica freiriana y los discursos de los profesores se interpretaron a partir del análisis de contenido. Los resultados apuntan a una identidad de la praxis de los maestros entrevistados con la didáctica freiriana, aunque a menudo de manera no intencional, pero siempre conectando prácticas críticas con sus acciones pedagógicas freirianas. El estudio concluye con consideraciones indicativas para la formación del profesorado desde la perspectiva de la didáctica freiriana, basada en el diálogo, la pausa pedagógica, el contexto concreto de las prácticas y las nuevas relaciones educador-alumno.PALABRAS CLAVE: Didáctica freiriana; Graduación; Formación de maestros; Paulo Freire.
CROHN HASTALIĞININ ACİL CERRAHİ TEDAVİSİNDE ÖNCEDEN CROHN HASTALIĞI TANISI OLAN VE OLMAYAN HASTALARIN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: Şimşek Gürcan , Ulutaş Mehmet Eşref , Şahin Alpaslan , Ömeroğlu Ethem , Arslan Kemal
Published: January 2022

AMAÇ: Crohn hastalığının (CH) tedavisinde birçok yeni gelişme olmasına karşın cerrahi tedavi gereksinimi hastalığın çeşitli dönemlerinde %70-90 arasındadır. Cerrahi tedavi endikasyonları komplikasyonlar ve medikal tedavi yetersizliği olmak üzere iki ana başlıkta toplanabilir. Bu çalışma; kliniğimizde CH nedeni ile acil şartlarda opere edilen hastalarımızın cerrahi tedavilerini, sonuçlarını belirtmek ve preop CH tanısı olan ve olmayan vakalar arasındaki farkları ortaya koymak amacı ile yapılmıştır.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışma retrospektif olarak yapıldı. Kliniğimizde Ocak 2014 ve Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında acil şartlarda opere edilen ve patolojik olarak CH tanısı olan hastalar dahil edildi. Hastaların demografik verileri, preop dönemde CH tanısı alıp almadıkları, CH tanısı varsa; süresi ve kullanılan medikal tedaviler kaydedildi. Daha sonra preop CH tanısı olan ve olmayanlar iki gruba ayrıldı. Tüm hastaların; başvuru semptomları, cerrahi tedavi endikasyonları, hastalığın tutulum yeri, uygulanan cerrahi tedavi ve eşlik eden malignite durumları kaydedildi ve bu iki grup karşılaştırıldı. P<0,05 olması anlamlı kabul edildi.BULGULAR: Çalışmaya 22 hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların 14’ü kadın (%59,1) ve 8’i erkekti (%40,9). Ortalama yaş 39.23±18.48'di. Hastalardan 7’sinin (%31,8) preop dönemde CH tanısı vardı. En sık (%86) başvuru semptomu karın ağrısıydı. En sık uygulanan acil cerrahi prosedür sağ hemikolektomiydi.(% 30,5) Karşılaştırılan 2 grup arasında ; başvuru semptomları, tutulum yerleri, preop ön tanılar, stoma oranı ve stoma kalma zamanları ile eşlik eden malignite oranları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark tespit edilmedi (p>0,05).SONUÇ: CH’ da en sık acil cerrahi tedavi endikasyonu obstrüksiyondur. Perforasyon sıklığı literatüre göre daha sık bulunmuştur.(%18,1) Hastaların operasyon öncesi CH tanısının olması tedavide stoma sıklığını arttırmaktadır ancak istatistiksel olarak fark tespit edilememiştir. Komplikasyon nedeniyle ameliyat edilen hastalarda preoperatif dönemde CH tanısının bilinmesi cerrahi tedaviyi etkilemekte gibi görünmektedir.
YENİ KARDİYOVASKÜLER RİSK BELİRTEÇLERİ PLAZMA ATEROJENİK İNDEKSİ, NÖTROFİL / LENFOSİT ORANI VE MONOSİT HDL ORANI OBEZİTEDE NASIL ETKİLENMEKTEDİR ? KESİTSEL RETROSPEKTİF BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: Ersoy İbrahim , Ersoy Pınar
Published: January 2022

AMAÇ: Dünya Sağlık Örgütünün(DSÖ) tanımlamasında; vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ) 25 ve üzeri olanları hafif kilolu, 30 ve üzeri olanları obez olarak sınıflandırmıştır ve obezitenin dünya genelinde prevalansı giderek artmaktadır. Obezite, artık epidemi ve önemli bir halk sağlığı problemi haline gelmiştir. Çalışmamızda kronik inflamatuvar ve epidemik bir hastalık olan obezitenin yeni inflamasyon ve kardiyovasküler hastalık risk belirteci olarak tanımlanmış nötrofil/lenfosit oranı (NLR), monosit düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein (HDL) oranı (MHR) ve plazma aterojenik indeksi (PAI) parametreleriyle ilişkisini araştırmak amaçlanmıştır.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Birinci basamak sağlık merkezine 01.12.2018 ile 31.04.2019 tarihleri arasında ardışık başvuran toplam 536 hasta retrospektif kesitsel tasarımla değerlendirildi. Hastaların demografik özellikleri, kronik hastalık karakterleri ve laboratuvar, boy, kilo, bel ve kalça çevreleri hasta kayıt veri tabanından temin edildi. Başvuran hastalar, VKİ’ne göre normal kilolu (18,5-24,9), hafif kilolu(25-29,9), obez (30-34,9) ve morbid obez(35 ve üzeri) olarak dört gruba ayrıldı. Gruplar arası değişkenler değerlendirildi.BULGULAR: Çalışmada yaş ortalaması 34 (IQR 25-42)’tü ve %84,5’i(452) kadın cinsiyetteydi. Çalışma popülasyonunun %18(97)’si normal kilolu, %26,5 (142)’si hafif kilolu, %27,5(147)’si obez, %28,2 (151)’si morbid obezdi. Obezite derecesi arttıkça yaş (p<0.001), hipertansiyon öyküsü(p=0.003) anlamlı olarak artmaktaydı. Laboratuvar parametreleri incelendiğinde, açlık kan şekeri düzeyi, insülin direnci,C-reaktif protein (CRP), ferritin düzeyleri obezite derecesi ile artmıştı (p<0.001) ancak HDL kolesterol azalmıştı (p<0.001). NLR, MHR ve PAI de obeziteyle artış gösterdi ancak istatistiksel anlamlılığa sadece PAI ulaştı (p<0.001). Hemoglobin, platelet, D vitamini, B12 vitamini değişkenlerinde obezite grupları arasında anlamlı farklılık yoktu. Lineer regresyon modelinde obezite ile yaş, CRP ve PAI arasında kuvvetli ilişki saptandı.SONUÇ: Araştırdığımız parameterlerden PAI, obez hastalarda kardiyovasküler hastalık riski değerlendirmek için ucuz ve pratik bir belirteç olarak klinik pratikte kullanılabilir. NLR ve MHR obezite ile artmış ancak istatiksel anlamlılığa ulaşmamıştır.
STAPEDOTOMY EXPERIENCE; A CLINICAL STUDY ON OUTCOMES AND COMPLICATIONS
Authors: Güldün Erol , Ulu Şahin , Kuzu Selçuk
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE: Otosclerosis surgery is one of the otologic surgeries producing the fastest results. It offers crucial advantages such as short operation time, high level of satisfaction during the postoperative hearing recovery and short hospital stay. The purpose of otosclerosis surgery is to relieve the immobility in the ossicular chain due to the disease and to provide the voice transmission again. This study aims to evaluate the postoperative hearing gain rates and complications of patients who underwent stapes surgery for otosclerosis in a tertiary clinic in light of the current literature.MATERIAL AND METHODS: 49 patients who were operated on for conductive hearing loss due to otosclerosis were evaluated retrospectively. Preoperative and postoperative audiological evaluations and intraoperative and postoperative complications were examined. Six of the patients were operated on both ears. A total of 36 patients, six of whom were bilateral, were included in the study (42 cases).RESULTS: As a result of our study, in 37 (88%) of 42 ears of 36 patients operated for otosclerosis,( with the success criterion of air-bone gap limits below 20 dB) functional success incompatible with the literature was obtained. Air bone gap above 30 dB, which is considered to be a failure in the literature, was not detected in any of our patients. All cases were assessed in terms of hearing thresholds preoperatively and postoperatively, resulting in a mean bone conduction gain of 4. 8 dB.CONCLUSIONS: For stapes surgery, in rare cases, surgery can be unsuccessful and it should be kept in mind that serious complications may also be encountered during stapes surger
THE IMPORTANCE OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY IN THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF CRANIAL LESIONS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH PATHOLOGY RESULTS
Authors: Yıldızhan Serhat , Aslan Adem , Boyacı Mehmet Gazi , Özer Gökaslan Çiğdem , Rakip Usame , Kılınç Kamil Anıl
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE: Preoperative diagnosis is very important in determining the treatment algorithm in cranial lesions. The aim of this study is to compare the results of magnetic resonance spectroscopy, which is one of the preoperative imaging methods, with the results of pathology and to reveal its effectiveness in diagnosis.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty five patients who underwent preoperative magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging among 75 patients who were operated for cranial lesions in our clinic between 2016 - 2019 were included in the study. N-acetyl aspartate, creatine, choline and lactate values were calculated as biochemical metabolites, and preoperative diagnoses made according to these values were compared with postoperative pathology results and discussed in the light of the literature.RESULTS: A total of 35 patients, 20 male and 15 female, were included in the study. The age range of the patients was between 18 - 82. As a result of magnetic resonance spectroscopy, 29 patients were diagnosed with high grade glial tumors. As a result of the postoperative evaluation, the magnetic resonance spectroscopy results of 27 patients were found to be compatible with the pathology results, while differences were observed in 8 patients. A significant increase in choline peak and choline / NAA ratio was noted in high-grade glial tumors.CONCLUSIONS: There is a high correlation between the preoperative evaluations obtained by magnetic resonance spectroscopy which is used in the differential diagnosis of cranial lesions, and the pathological diagnosis.
DNA BINDING ACTIVITIES OF THE VINCA ALKALOIDS AND PACLITAXEL AS ANTI-MICROTUBULE DRUGS USED IN CANCER THERAPY
Authors: Öksüzoğlu Emine
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE: Microtubules are an essential part of the intracellular cytoskeletal structure and possess unique polymerization dynamics that are critical for many cellular functions, including cell division. Anti-microtubule drugs that interfere with microtubule formation are important chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of various cancer. These drugs that block mitosis seem to work by a common mechanism, which suppresses the dynamics of microtubules, slows cells, induces apoptosis and subsequently kills tumor cells. Vinca alkaloids (vinblastine, vincristine and vinorelbine) and Taxanes (paclitaxel) are two different classes of anti-microtubule drugs that cause microtubule dysfunction and inhibit cancer cell proliferation. The main activity of vinca alkaloids and taxanes result from their binding interactions with tubulin proteins. However, studies on DNA interactions of these anti-microtubule drugs are not sufficient. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the DNA binding activities of the vinca alkaloids (vinblastine, vincristine, vinorelbine) and paclitaxel.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The interactions of the drugs with DNA were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis assay. Three types of DNA were used in each experiment, including 100bp marker DNA, pUC19 plasmid DNA (2686 bp), and pBR322 plasmid DNA (4361 bp). After the DNAs were incubated with different concentrations of the drugs under certain conditions, agarose gel electrophoresis was performed. DNA band distributions were analyzed with a gel analysis system so that the drugs-DNA interactions could be interpreted.RESULTS: According to our results, it was found that among the vinca alkaloids, especially vinorelbine binds to DNA with higher activity than vincristine and vinblastine. The Vinca alkaloids have structural properties required for DNA binding activity and there is a similarity in their DNA binding models. However, the results showed that paclitaxel, which is from the taxane group, did not have DNA binding activity. This may be because the chemical structure of paclitaxel is not suitable for binding to DNA.CONCLUSIONS: The interaction of drugs with DNA play an important role in determining the pathways of drugs action and their ability to cause DNA damage. Consequently, the findings of our study will contribute to elucidating the effect mechanisms and the genotoxic potentials of these drugs, which are microtubule inhibitors.
COVID-19 PNÖMONİSİNİN TORAKS BT BULGULARI VE KLİNİK SEMPTOMLAR İLE İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: Fidan Nurdan , Mermi Yetiş Esra Ümmühan , Günaldı Alev , Atasoy Mehmet
Published: January 2022

AMAÇ: Bu çalışmada koronavirüs hastalığı 2019 (COVID-19) ile enfekte 185 hastanın ilk başvuru sırasındaki toraks bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) bulgularının değerlendirilmesi ve demografik veriler ile ilişkisinin sunulması amaçlandı.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Mart - Temmuz 2020 tarihleri arasında, başvuru esnasında çekilmiş toraks BT incelemesi olan, gerçek zamanlı ters transkriptaz-polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (RT-PCR) testi ile COVID-19 tanısı doğrulanmış, hastanemizde yatırılarak takip ve tedavi edilen 185 ardışık hasta çalışmaya alındı. Hastaların demografik verileri, başvuru sırasındaki şikayetleri, RT-PCR sonuçları elektronik tıbbi kayıtlarından ve BT incelemeleri PACS sisteminden retrospektif olarak tarandı. Lezyon paterni olarak buzlu cam alanı, konsolidasyon ya da buzlu cam görünümü ile birlikte konsolidasyon bulgusu olması tutulum varlığı olarak kabul edildi. Tutulum tarafı, dağılımı, yaygınlığı, plevraya uzaklığı değerlendirildi. Hava bronkogramı, vasküler dilatasyon, subplevral bant formasyonu, kaldırım taşı bulgusu, traksiyon bronşektazisi, fibroatelektazi, ters halo işareti, tomurcuklu ağaç görünümü, komşu plevrada kalınlaşma, plevral effüzyon, kavitasyon, mediastinal lenfadenopati gibi diğer ek bulguların varlığı kaydedildi.BULGULAR: Olguların yaşları 18 ile 87 arasında değişmekte olup 86’sı (%46,5) kadın ve 99’u (%53,5) erkekti. Olguların %69’unda buzlu cam görünümü ve/veya konsolidasyon bulgusu varken %31’inde BT tutulum bulgusu yoktu ve %28 olguda BT tamamen normaldi. %80’inde bilateral, %87’sinde multilober tutulum görüldü. Buzlu cam görünümü ve/veya konsolidasyona eşlik eden en sık bulgular subplevral bant (%27) ve fibroatelektazi (%25) iken, tomurcuklu ağaç görünümü, kavitasyon, ters halo işareti ve plevral kalınlaşma en az görülen BT bulgularıdır.SONUÇ: Bizim çalışmamız semptomların başlangıç evresinde toraks BT’de bilateral ,periferal veya yamalı multilober buzlu cam alanlarının yaygın olduğunu ancak buna azımsanmayacak oranda konsolidasyonların eşlik ettiğini göstermiştir. Bu bulgulara en sık subplevral bant, fibroatelektazi, kaldırım taşı bulgusu ve vasküler dilatasyon gibi daha geç dönem bulguları eşlik etmektedir. RT-PCR testi sonuçlanmamış olduğunda ya da yanlış negatiflik durumunda bu bulgular COVID-19 lehine yüksek şüpheli olarak değerlendirilmeli, gerekli izolasyon ve erken tedaviye başlanmalıdır.
TIP FAKÜLTESİ ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN GÖĞÜS HASTALIKLARI BİLİNCİ, UZMANLIK TERCİHLERİNİ ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER VE COVID-19’UN UZMANLIK TERCİHİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: Çoşğun İbrahim Güven , Balcı Aydın , Cilekar Sule
Published: January 2022

AMAÇ: Çalışmamızda tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin göğüs hastalıkları branşı hakkındaki bilgi düzeylerini, uzmanlık tercihlerini etkileyen faktörleri ve COVID-19 pandemisinin uzmanlık tercihlerine olan etkisini değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Bu tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tasarımlı çalışma, Afyonkarahisar Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesinde öğrenim gören 327 öğrencinin katılımıyla gerçekleştirildi. Katılımcılar demografik özelliklerini ve göğüs hastalıkları bilgi düzeylerini, uzmanlık tercihlerini, tercihleri üzerindeki COVID-19 pandemi etkisini belirlemeye yönelik 21 sorudan oluşan çevrimiçi anket formunu cevapladılar.BULGULAR: 187 (%57,2)’si kız ve 140 (% 42,8) ’i erkek olmak üzere toplam 327 öğrenci çalışmaya dahil edildi. Katılımcılarda göğüs hastalıklarının ilgi alanına giren hastalıkları bilenlerin sayısı 273 (%88,9) idi. Göğüs hastalıklarının yaptığı girişimsel işlemler konusunda ise katılımcıların 113 (%54,0)’ü doğru bilgiye sahipti. Öğrencilerin fakülteyi bitirdikten sonra en çok istedikleri uzmanlık dalları ise sırası ile 26 (%7,9) iç hastalıkları, 24 (%7,33) göz hastalıkları, 24 (%7,33) kişi ile kadın hastalıkları doğum bölümleri idi. Uzmanlık tercihlerini etkileyen en önemli unsur malpraktis riskinin diğer branşlara göre daha az 81 (%24,7) olmasıydı. Katılımcıların 101 (%31,4)’i pandemi döneminin uzmanlık tercihlerini etkileyeceğini düşünüyordu.SONUÇ: Tıp fakültesi öğrencileri göğüs hastalıkları uzmanlık dalı hakkında yeteri düzeyde bilgiye sahipti. Tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin uzmanlık dalı tercihlerini etkileyen önemli faktörler ilgi alanı, malpraktis riski, maddi kazanç, hasta ve hasta yakınları ile daha az iletişime geçilmesi, akademik kariyer fırsatı ve mesleki tatmindi. COVID-19 pandemisi tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin uzmanlık tercihlerini olumsuz yönde etkileyebilmektedir.
Semiotics with Style and Situation: Multi-modal Comparative Analysis of Title pages of Native and Non-native English Novels
Authors: Singh Manvender Kaur Sarjit , Shah Muhammad Imran , Jamil Eram , Feroz Rabia
Published: January 2022

The communicative function of text can be obtained through the multimodal analysis of the text which contains the interaction and integration of two or more semiotic resources, graphics and text. This study investigated the structure of the titles and graphics of the title pages along with the situation of the content of native and non-native title pages of English novels of modern age. 20 title pages including 10 modern native and non-native English novels are randomly selected from the Google search engine. Multimodal analysis including Jeffries (2016) model to analyse the structure of the text of the title pages, Davy (2013) model to analyse the graphical features of the title pages and Bernstein (2003) to investigate the situational features presented in the title pages of the novels have been followed.  A bench mark technique was used to identify the graphics of title pages, structure of the title phrases and situation presented in the title pages. The results generated from qualitative analysis indicated that mostly the native authors observed all of the features mentioned by the great linguists, stylitions and graphic experts while selecting the design of title pages whereas, non-native authors and publisher have not kept these features in mind while selecting the contents of title page of their composition. It causes lack of readership as the readers cannot extract maximum information from the title page.  The study has opened new dimensions to the new researchers and it also beneficial for the authors and publisher in the selection of the title pages.Key words: Semiotics, Graphics, Situation, Text, Title-page
FILOSOFI HUMOR DAKWAH
Authors: Fahriansyah Fahriansyah
Published: January 2022

The phenomenon of the use of Humor in Da'wah Bil Lisan is a sign that the attraction of da'wah objects to the exposure of oral offerings in da'wah is influenced by the presence of humorous insertions in each Dakwah Bil Lisan (  Da'wah Oral ) , but in reality the use of humor in Da'wah Bil Lisan has a very high level of complexity due to the ability of lecturers in producing very limited humorous offerings which are limited by the existence of values that must be brought as a manifestation of the purpose of Da'wah Islamiyah. Therefore, a philosophical understanding of humor is needed because of the harmony between the purpose of da'wah and the purpose of humor presented in lectures (Da'wah Bil Lisan ).
MAQASID AL-SYARIAH DAN REFORMULASI IJTIHAD SEBAGAI SUMBER HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Gazali Ahmad
Published: January 2022

Hukum Islam dalam wacana kajian usul al-fiqh menempatkan Alquran, sunnah rasul, ijma dan qiyas sebagai sumber standar. Namun dalam aplikasi dan perkembangannya ditemukan aneka ragam sumber dalam konsep maupun formulasinya.Keragaman tersebut bukan hanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor adanya mazhab-mazhab fikih, tetapi juga merupakan suatu keniscayaan dari perwujudan salah maqasid al-Syari’at.Guna merespon keragaman itulah diperlukan sumber hukum “eksternal” sebagai metodologi alternative dalam menghadapi perkembangan global.
Dakwah Islam di Era Disrupsi
Authors: Mardiana Mardiana
Published: January 2022

Da'wah represents every Muslim, male, or female. The basis of this preaching law is adjusted to the skills and understanding and understanding of religion supported by someone. One of the supporting elements of the success of Islamic da'wah is the media. The use of media certainly adapts to the conditions of mad'u. The more developed the community, the more modern the media coverage. This is marked by the shifting of their daily habits to the use of social media. The intensity of the use of social media is mostly the general public and Muslims in particular. Digitalization cannot be released by Muslims in this era of disruption, especially in the world of da'wah. The preachers and mad'u must work together to preach Islam so that the success of preaching can be obtained according to the target.
قواعد “التباین” فی المنهج القرآنی لمواجهة تهدیدات تریف الأخبار وتضلیل المعلومات (HOAX) فی العصر الرقمی (Digital Era)
Authors: Rahman Miftahur , Abqari Abqari
Published: January 2022

This study aims to describe the concept of "Tabayyun" by the Qur'an method in facing hoax news or false information the impact of the advancement of digital technology. This study uses a descriptive method. The question is how does the Qur'an provide views and solutions to face threats of that problem. The results of this study are six rules in the face of hoax news: Verification and balance, Stop sharing, Avoid negative prejudice, Read information critically and understand the text well, War on Hoax, Give literacy education to each individual Muslim in the use of modern media.
PENDEKATAN “RELIGIOUS MARKETING” DALAM KOMUNIKASI ISLAM MENJAWAB TANTANGAN ERA DISRUPSI
Authors: Mabrur Muhammad
Published: January 2022

The rapid development of information technology has influenced the behavior of modern human life. Findings after findings have made modern humans connected with each other. Impact The emergence of new business features that shift the old life patterns. This is where disruption begins. Disruption is a change in various sectors of life as a result of digitalization and the "Internet of Thing" ("IoT)". . However, he can shift the pattern of old life. The collapse of a giant brand such as the Blackberry, Kodak, Nokia, has become a strong warning that gives 2 choices: adapt or die. Islamic communication / Islamic propaganda was not immune from the influence of disruption. When he is not managed neatly it is not impossible he will sink with his teachings. Especially when he is in the middle of millennial generation who has a unique character full of freedom. One alternative approach that can be offered is the Religious Marketing approach. Commercial marketing has succeeded in changing patterns of consumer behavior. The same expectations when the concept of marketing are applied in the process of Islamic communication. The study of Islamic Communication using the Religious marketing approach is based on a logical planning process that involves consumer-oriented research, marketing analysis, marketing segmentation, determining branding goals and identifying marketing strategies and tactics. Various other knowledge are also involved in studies such as the theories of psychology, sociology, anthropology and communication in order to understand how to influence people's behavior.
Jokowi dan Kekuatan Pencitraan Diri Serta Relasinya Dengan Umat Islam
Authors: Fitri Alifa Nur , Adeni Adeni -
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article aims to discuss the image formation carried out by Jokowi in his political communication. Jokowi is a politician who was elected president for two terms. This paper uses the impression formation and impression management perspectives to analyze Jokowi's self-image construction. Using qualitative methods, this article proves that Jokowi succeeded in building his image as a humble, modest and modest leader figure. On the other hand Jokowi's image is reinforced by the impression of his closeness to Muslims. This he did in the context of himself which is often imaged as anti-Islamic. Keywords: Impression Formation, Impression Managament, Jokowi.  AbstrakArtikel ini bertujuan membahas tentang pembentukan citra diri yang dilakukan oleh Jokowi dalam komunikasi politiknya. Jokowi merupakan seorang politisi yang terpilih menjadi presiden selama dua periode. Makalah ini menggunakan perspektif impression formation dan impression management untuk menganalisis konstruksi citra diri oleh Jokowi. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, artikel ini membuktikan bahwa Jokowi berhasil membangun citra dirinya sebagai figur pemimpin yang rendah hati, sederhana dan tidak berlebihan. Di sisi lain citra Jokowi diperkuat dengan kesan kedekatannya dengan umat Islam. Hal ini ia lakukan dalam konteks dirinya yang sering dicitrakan sebagai anti-Islam. Kata Kunci: Impression Formation, Impression Managament, Jokowi.
Dinamika Komunikasi Pendidikan pada Era Disrupsi
Authors: Rahmad Rahmad
Published: January 2022

Progress of the era, also known as the era of disruption, is largely human, one of which is education. This change certainly has an impact felt by humans as it is increasingly individualistic and increasingly busy responding to the times. Changes in the world of online education or whatever the government intends to do must certainly accommodate rapid changes in the world that is currently based on information technology. This article uses the type of library research that is a study carried out through data collection related to today's education, data collection or scientific papers that aim to conduct critical and in-depth studies by searching relevant library materials. The results of this study found that students need to be learners who are always hungry for information and become learners who understand and have a variety of approaches such as design thinking (a way of solving problems focused on people centered. Teachers must also have strong scientific competence and have soft skills in the form of critical thinking, creative, communicative, and able to collaborate. n addition it must also be able to spread inspiration for students, be able to be friends with students and of course must be an example.
Urgensi Tasawuf di Tengah Pandemi Covid
Authors: RAHMAH RAHMAH
Published: January 2022

The spread of Covid-19 continues to develop rapidly and widely, which greatly affects human social life in various aspects, one of which is human behavior. Of course this is not a simple problem of the Corona virus outbreak testing all capacities as humans by facing uncertainty, even though it is believed that Allah Swt must certainly create disease and of course the cure.Every human being will experience problems in his life, including when he is going through difficult, anxious and pessimistic times as well as depression as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. The problem is whether every human being is able to survive these problems. In the perspective of Sufism, the problems of life are very much influenced by the form of acceptance and interpretation of the events experienced, when a person is not able to properly understand the meaning of life's trials and is unable to accept Allah's provisions for His creatures, life's problems will be even heavier. For those who are aware and have knowledge, will try to solve it either independently or by asking for help from an expert. One of the alternatives to solve life's problems is by doing tasawuf. How a Muslim responds to the Covid-19 outbreak there are at least three things that a Muslim needs to do in facing tests like this, namely sincerity, patience, and gratitude.
The role of microductectomy in the diagnosis and treatment in women with pathologic nipple discharge
Authors: KOCAOĞLU Aytaç Emre , ALTINTAŞ Mehmet Mustafa , MÜLKÜT Fırat
Published: January 2022

Objectives: Approximately one tenth of the patients who apply to the breast polyclinics complain of nipple discharge. Apart from pregnancy and lactation, spontaneous, unilateral, bloody or serous discharge originating from a single duct describes the Pathological Nipple Discharge (PND). The aim of this study is to show that precancerous breast lesions, which can be easily overlooked by conventional diagnostic methods, are detected with the microductectomy performed with the correct indication and it is possible to complete the appropriate treatment.
Methods: Fifty-five microductectomy procedures were performed in 55 female patients who applied to the relevant clinic with the complaint of nipple discharge between January 2013 and August 2018 and who met at least two of the three criteria of pathological nipple discharge (spontaneous, single ductus, bloody or serous) except pregnancy and lactation. Prospectively collected information was evaluated retrospectively.
Results: The average age of the patients in the study ranged from 23 to 73 years (mean age 45.5 years, median age 47 years). Out of 55 procedures, 28 (50.9%) were performed in women of reproductive age, 27 (49.1%) were performed in women in menopause. The discharge was localized to the right breast in 28 patients, and to the left breast in 27 patients. Forty-one of the 55 patients included in the study met all of the criteria for pathological nipple discharge, while the other 14 patients had at least two of the three criteria. Final pathologies were classified as follows; intraductal papilloma / papillomatosis with atypia, intraductal papillary carcinoma (IPC) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS); Potential Neoplastic and Malignant Lesion (PNML).
Conclusions: In cases where direct intraductal imaging methods cannot be applied in patients admitted to the polyclinic with pathological nipple discharge, microductectomy emerges as an effective diagnosis and treatment method that can be applied with low morbidity.
GanjianInvestigating the shear properties of cemented clayey sand with a nano TiO2 additive
Authors: Babaei Abbas , Ghazavi Mahmoud , Ganjian Navid
Published: January 2022

In this research a series of experimental tests were performed to investigate the effects of nano TiO2 (NT) on the triaxial behavior of cemented clayey sand (with variable amounts of kaolinite). To reduce the number of experiments, time and cost of research, the design and assessment of the experiments were performed using the response surface method (RSM). The amount of used NT was 0-4 wt% of cement, and the amounts of cement and kaolinite were 3-9 wt% and 10-30 wt% of soil respectively. The consolidated drained (CD) triaxial tests were performed for the confining pressures of 100, 300 and 600 kPa. The results of these tests showed that the amount of kaolinite clay at 20 % has the largest effect on the peak deviator stress and friction angle, but the soil cohesion has an ascending trend at 10-30 % kaolinite clay. The amount of cement in the range of 3-9 % causes an increase in the peak-deviator stress, shear strength parameters and the brittleness index. Also, the use of NT in a desirable amount (2 %) causes an increase in the peak deviator stress and the shear strength parameters.
Experimental investigation of the mechanical properties of mudstone in southwestern China
Authors: Zhou Qijian , Deng Ronggui , Zheng Lining , Zhu Quanbing , Xie Qiang , Xue Xinhua
Published: January 2022

In this paper the mechanical properties of mudstone with different immersion durations (e.g., immersion in water for 0, 7 and 14 days), at different temperatures (20, 35 and 50 °C) and in different confining pressures (0.6 and 1.2 MPa) were investigated using uniaxial compression tests, conventional triaxial compression tests and scanning electron microscopy. The test results indicate that in the temperature range from 20 °C to 50 °C the water content can significantly reduce the mechanical parameters, including the strength and elastic modulus of the mudstone samples. In contrast, the Poisson ratio of the mudstone samples increases with the increase in the water content. In addition, there is little difference between the effects of an immersion time of 7 days and 14 days on the mudstone samples, indicating that the confining pressure plays a protective role on the mudstone samples.
Incompatibility of Slovenian Regulations in the Field of Water Management with European Regulations and Resulting Damage
Authors: Krzyk Mario , Drev Darko
Published: January 2022

The issue of water management in Slovenia is regulated by several laws and by-laws. The right to drinking water is enshrined in the Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia. Individual by-laws in the field of water management are not coordinated with higher-level laws, the Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia, nor with EU regulations (directives, regulations). There are no relevant provisions in laws and by-laws that would enforce the right to drinking water enshrined in the Constitution. A major problem exists in the field of wastewater disposal and treatment, water protection, flood safety, etc. An even bigger problem, such as inconsistencies in regulations, is their poor implementation. This leads to excessive pollution and great material damage as well.
Susceptibility of mycotoxigenic fungi to commercial fungicides, a potential tool for mycotoxin control in maize in Kenya
Authors:   Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya, Tonui JK , Ciira K , Bii CC ,   Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya
Published: January 2022

Mycotoxin contamination of food grains represents significant health and economic challenges in developing countries as well as the developed world. Mycotoxinproducing fungal species affecting maize mainly belong to the genera Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Penicillium.They pose serious phytopathological and mycotoxicological risks both at pre-harvest and post-harvest stages. Maize in Kenya has been associated with frequent outbreaks of aflatoxin contamination. A number of mycotoxin control strategies both chemical and biological have been developed as potential tools for mycotoxin control. A Laboratory based cross-sectional study was carried out in a Mycology Laboratory at the Center for Microbiology Research in Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya. A total of 138 maize samples obtained from Machakos, Nairobi, Mombasa, Kitale and Kisumu were subjected to mycological analysis. The samples were treated with the fungicides; Antracol (propineb), Milraz (propineb700g/kg and Cymoxanil60g/kg), Mistress (Cymoxanil 8% and Mancozeb 64%) and Victory (Metalaxy 80g/kg and Mancozeb 640g/kg.) before inoculation on Sabourauds dextrose agar (SDA). Infestation rates on fungicide- treated and non treated control maize kernels were scored. The susceptibility of the isolates to the four test fungicides was determined by disk diffusion technique. All the maize samples were infested by moulds and there was a significant difference in regional infestation rates (p<0.05). Maize from Mombasa had the lowest infestation of 72.5% while Nairobi was the highest with 99.1%. Fungi of the genera Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Penicillium were frequently isolated from the five regions. There was a significant reduction {p<0.05 (0.00)} of infestation rates on fungicide- treated maize compared to the untreated. Generally, 26% (n=35) and 34% (n=47) of maize samples treated with Mistress and Victory, respectively had 0% infestation while those treated with Milraz and Antracol were 10% (n=14) and 14% (n=19), respectively. Some mycotoxigenic isolates were found to be resistant to more than one of the test fungicides. However, their in- vitro antifungal activity is of great importance and could further be evaluated to determine their field efficacy for mycotoxin control in maize.
Effect of mulch and different fungicide spray regimes on yield of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in Tanzania
Authors:   Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania, Mtui HD , Maerere AP , Sibuga KP , Bennett MA ,   The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
Published: January 2022

In many areas in Tanzania, pests management for tomato involves weekly pesticide sprays. The practice poses a threat to the environment and health of consumers. In this study the effect of pesticide spray regimes and use of mulch we re evaluated on ‘Tanya VF’ and ‘Tengeru 97’ tomato varieties. Field experiment consisting of a 2×2×4 factorial arrangement in a split-split plot design with three replication s was conducted at Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro (6 o 05’S, 35 o 37’E and 525m above sea level). Treatment factors comprised two varieties (main plot factor), mulching/number of mulching (subplot factor) and three fungicide spray regimes (sub subplot factor). Results showed that the spray regimes: farmers’ practice (FP), Integrated Pests Management (IPM) based on pests scouting, sprays based on manufacturers’ recommendation (MR); produced significantly more fruits per plant and higher fruit weight compared to the control. There was no significant difference (p < 0.05) between FP, IPM and MR on fruit yield para meters. The results further revealed that use of mulch significantly led to higher fruit number per plant (p = 0 .020). Although average fruit weight was similar (p < 0.05), other marketable fruit yield parameters were statistically different between mulched and non-mulched plots ( p = 0.007). ‘Tanya VF’ had consistently higher yields compared to ‘Tengeru 97’. Fungicide sprays were statistically different to the control with respect to blossom end rot (p = 0.002), fruit rot (p < 0.001) and percentage of non-marketable yield (p = 0.001). Mulching significantly reduced American bollworm and blossom end rot (p = 0.012, p = 0 .003, respectively). The major contributor to tomato fruit loss was Blossom End Rot (BER) and Fruit Rot for ‘Tengeru 97’ and ‘Tanya VF’, respectively. It is evident, therefore, that: a proper combination of tomato cultural management practices can significantly reduce the use of pesticides, and improve tomato fruit quality and marketable yield which would increase profit margin accrued by farmers.
Dietary adequacy of rural school children among bambara groundnut growing farmers in Ntchisi district of Malawi
Authors:   Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (LUANAR),Malawi, Katungwe P , Mwangwela A , Geresomo N
Published: January 2022

In Malawi, malnutrition among school-aged children as indicated by 30% stunting, 18% underweight and 3% wasting levels is a problem that is being addressed through school feeding programs. The nutritional status of school going children is dependent on household food security, education level of the parents, food preference of the parents and food preparation constraints. These factors affect food consumption patterns of children which is one of the determining factors of nutritional status. A study was, therefore, conducted to explore the food consumption patterns and diet adequacy for school going children aged 7-9 years in Kalira EPA of Ntchisi district in Malawi. Seventy eight school children whose parents were involved in bambara groundnut (Vigna unguiculata) farming were recruited for the study. Demographic information and data on food consumption pattern and intake during postharvest and pre-planting periods was collected using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire included an interactive 24-hour dietary recall and dietary diversity score (DDS) tools. The children came from mainly male-headed households (91%) with 6 ± 2 members. The household heads had attained upper primary education and their main (89.7%) occupation was farming. The school-age children were consuming two carbohydrate based meals per day accompanied with leafy vegetables (34.1%) or stewed pulses (46.6%). Nsima (a stiff porridge made from maize flour) and thin maize flour porridge were the dominant carbohydrate sources in the diet. Only 12% of the children reported consuming animal source foods. Most of the school children were eating three times or less in a day with lunch and supper as the major meals. The diet of the school children did not meet the recommended dietary allowance for energy (69%), fat (21%), vitamin A (24%), iron (65%) and calcium (28%). However, the diet was providing adequate protein intake for the children. Snacks in the form of roasted sweet potatoes or maize and bananas were provided to 26.1% of the school children when going to school, while only 28.4% were provided with breakfast before going to school. Breakfast consisted of black tea or porridge made from whole maize flour. Diets of the majority (68%) of the school going had minimum diversity according to the diversity score. The dietary pattern for the school children was the same during the postharvest and pre-planting period.