bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internal control and its role in enhancing the credibility of financial reporting and transparency: an exploratory study of the opinions of a sample of auditors at the Northern Technical University
Authors: Sabir Shareef Anfal , Zuhair Younis May , Jabber  Al-sadia Hani
Published: November 2023

This study aims to identify the correlation and effect between internal control (an independent variable) and its dimensions represented by (control environment, information and communication systems, control procedures, risk assessment, control) and transparency as a (dependent variable) through its dimensions represented by (trust and empowerment, Issue, Integrity, Participation) through a survey of the opinions of a sample of accountants and auditors at the Northern Technical University.

To achieve the goal of the study, a questionnaire was prepared and distributed in the researched organization as a random sample of ( ) individuals. The study relied on the descriptive analytical approach to answer the hypotheses of the study and reach the results.

The study concluded that internal control has a positive and significant impact on transparency, while the influence process extended to reflect the impact of each dimension of internal control on transparency.

The study recommended the need to work on continuous training for accountants and auditors to deepen their awareness of the importance of internal control in order to achieve transparency and conduct more studies to serve Iraqi organizations.
What will the education of the future look like? How have Metaverse and Extended Reality affected the higher education systems?
Authors: Pregowska Agnieszka , Osial Magdalena , Gajda Aleksandra
Published: November 2023

Education is one of the essential foundations of the sustainable development of societies, in particular, the objectives SDG4 of the UN General Assembly. Extended Reality (XR, so-called Metaverse) enables multisensory interaction with virtual environments, computer-created objects, and avatars. Also, the dynamic development of Head Mounted Displays (HDMs) allows for an increasingly deeper experience of the virtual world, especially through the development of depth perception, including the rendering of several modalities like vision, touch, and hearing. This creates a unique opportunity to revolutionize the higher education system by adding a new dimension of cognition and making it accessible to more people, especially those living in hard-to-reach areas. It is also a perfect complement to the process of educating students during a pandemic, such as the recent COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper, based on the literature and our experience, we provided an overview of the possibility of the Metaverse application in higher education taking into account the advantages and limitations of the systems. It turned out that XR-based solutions can be successfully applied in medical education, chemistry courses as well as in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education. Moreover, the XR-based systems are useful for learning spatial skills such as navigation, spatial reasoning, and perception. In the case of remote learning, XR enables easier adaptation to the educational formula. Also, during lockdowns, an XR-based application can be considered a tool to promote socialization in the event. Thus, it enables to implementation of open and inclusive learning and teaching space, namely Edu-Metaverse. In the current social context, the obtained results provided valuable insights into factors affecting the users during the application of Metaverse in education processes, including remote learning. Finally, this paper suggests a research direction for the development of effective Metaverse-based educational solutions.
The effects of berberine on ischemia-reperfusion injuries in an experimental model of ovarian torsion
Authors: Yilmaz Filiz , Ilgen Orkun , Mankan Alper , Yilmaz Bayram , Kurt Sefa
Published: November 2023

Objective: Ovarian torsion is a gynecological disorder that causes ischemia-reperfusion injuries in the ovary. Our study investigated berberine’s short- and long-term effects on ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injuries.Methods: This study included 28 Wistar albino female rats weighing 180 to 220 g, which were divided into four groups: sham (S), torsion/detorsion (T/D), torsion/ detorsion+single dose berberine (T/D+Bb), and torsion/detorsion+15 days berberine (T/D+15Bb). The torsion and detorsion model was applied in all non-sham groups. In the T/D+Bb group, a single dose of berberine was administered, while in the T/D+15Bb group, berberine was administered over a period of 15 days. After the rats were euthanized, their ovaries were excised. The left ovaries were used for histopathologic evaluation, which included ovarian injury scoring and follicle count, while the right ovaries were used for biochemical analyses (tissue transforming growth factor-β [TGF-β] and alpha-smooth muscle actin [α-SMA] levels).Results: The histopathologic evaluation scores for the ovaries were significantly lower in the T/D+B group (p<0.05) and the T/D+15B group (p<0.005) than in the T/D group. The follicle counts in the T/D group were lower than those in both the sham and treated groups (p<0.005). The TGF-β levels were significantly lower in the T/D+15B group (p<0.005), whereas the α-SMA levels did not show a significant difference.Conclusion: Both short- and long-term berberine use could potentially have therapeutic effects on ovarian torsion. Long-term berberine use exhibited anti-inflammatory effects by reducing TGF-β levels, thereby preventing ischemia-reperfusion injuries. Therefore, we suggest that long-term berberine use could be beneficial for ovarian torsion.
Twin Reversed Arterial Perfusion Sequence: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: John Dickson H.  , Ngeri B.  , Sapira-Ordu L.  , John A. D.  , Eli S.  , Mba A. G.  , Wekere Felix C. C.  , Tamunokoro T. N.  , Kpoobari Bema , Innocent Wadi , Kingdom Okah , Osoma S. C.
Published: November 2023

Twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence (TRAPS) is one of the complications of monochorionic twin gestation. It is characterised by large intertwined arterial-arterial anastomosis in which blood flows from one twin (pump twin) to the other twin (perfused twin) in a retrograde pattern.

We report a case of monochorionic diamniotic twin gestation complicated by TRAPS in a 38-year-old G4P3 trader who was referred to the antenatal clinic of Rivers State University Teaching Hospital on account of unusual abdominal distension of one-week duration at 31 weeks gestational age. Ultrasound scan done at presentation showed a monochorionic diamniotic twin with the first twin in a transverse lie with an estimated foetal weight of 1.7kg, foetal heart rate of 150beats per minute, and Twin 2, had no foetal head, no cardiac pulsation with significant tissue swelling. A diagnosis of TRAPS was made for which she was admitted and delivered by emergency caesarean section. The pump twin was admitted into the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) and succumbed to cardiac failure 24 hours after delivery.

Monochorionic pregnancy complicated by TRAPS is associated with poor foetal outcomes. Early diagnosis and adequate management will enhance clinical outcomes. The diagnosis of TRAPS requires a high index of suspicion. Clinicians and radiologists need to be aware of the features in order to make prompt diagnosis and take appropriate action which may include early referral to the fetal medicine unit for appropriate intervention and improved outcome for the pump twin.
Aneurismas intracraneales – Revisión bibliográfica en imagenología
Authors: Velásquez Vera Jeniffer Stefania , Fiallos Godoy Jeoandy Anabel , Viera Chicaiza Estefany Patricia , Abad Flores Daniela Yulisa , Santo Cando Edwin Orlando
Published: November 2023

El aneurisma intracraneal es una patología muy frecuente que se encuentra dentro de malformaciones arteriovenosas y para detectar este tipo de anomalías se ha determinado un método diagnóstico como es la angiotomografía se ha convertido en una herramienta muy útil para el diagnóstico debido a su contraste. Conocer la importancia de los aneurismas intracraneales y analizar sus tipos tanto en su tamaño, forma, y localización por método de imagen. En el presente estudio se realizó bajo una revisión bibliográfica en los últimos 5 años mediante el uso de bases de datos científicas: Google Scholar, Scopus, Scielo, PubMed, además de páginas web, guías de práctica clínica y otros sitios con información de importancia para el estudio siendo de tipo descriptivo retrospectivo. Se implementó un determinado estudio con el fin de que el lector entienda qué características deben tener cada tipo de aneurisma para así llegar a un buen diagnóstico, por lo que se recomienda que estos estudios deben ser ayudados por métodos de imagen como es la angiotomografía. Se podrá diferenciar por los distintos criterios como es la forma, localización y el origen de este sin embargo este se puede originar por distintas situaciones, en casos muy mayores estos aneurismas se pueden llegar a romper, pero es en muy pocos casos, esto dependerá del mecanismo fisiopatológico del que esté relacionado, para su estudio es muy importante la angiotac, que confirma el diagnostico si es confirmado el diagnóstico.
The Impact of Russia-Ukraine War on The Egyptian Stock Market
Authors: K. Alazmi Hammoud , Z. Metwaly Ahmed , M. Albaz Maged
Published: November 2023

The study aims to investigate the Egyptian stock market response to the Russia-Ukraine war, by employing GARCH model on firms registered in Egyptian Stock Market for a period from March 2022 to March 2023. It is expected that the war will have a significant negative impact on Egyptian economy through food, energy, and Tourism, which will have a significant implication on Egyptian stock market, in addition to the direct effect of the war on the Egyptian stock market. the Russia and Ukraine market represent 40% of Egyptian tourism market. Therefore, Egypt witnessed increase in food and energy prices which affects the state general budget and foreign currency reserve. The inflation and supply chain disruption resulted from the war affect the performance of Egyptian companies which affect negatively on stability of Egyptian stock market and lead to exit of foreign investors. Keywords: Russia-Ukraine war, Egyptian Stock Market, Egyptian Economy.
Evaluating the Relationship Between Global Stock Markets and Real Estate Markets Before and After the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: R. AlAmeri Hajer
Published: November 2023

The relationship between the stock market and the real estate market has been the focus of several studies in the past. The nature of this relationship continues to remain ambiguous, with results varying according to a country’s economic condition and the level of co-integration between the two markets. This paper reviews the variables that influence the behavior of the stock market and the property market in the United States and the UAE. It examines whether these markets appear to be interlinked in these countries. To make the research more relevant, we have also reviewed the relationship between these two markets and how they have been influenced by the Coronavirus pandemic. As per our findings, the key variables impacting this relationship include the wealth effect, the percentage of real estate assets owned by publicly-traded companies, the news, the number of mortgage-backed securities available in the market, and the amount of risk associated with these securities. Besides this, initial public offerings (IPOs) and market liquidity also play a vital role. Regarding the Coronavirus pandemic, the primary impacts of this health crisis appear to be limited to the short-term. The most significant effects include a rise in stock market volatility, a decline in buying and selling activity, and delays in real estate construction projects in response to government restrictions and new Coronavirus-related deaths. Keywords: Real estate, stock market, coronavirus pandemic, the impact of the stock market, property market, real estate prices, share prices, COVID-19 pandemic
PROBIOTICS. USE OF THE L. RHAMNOSUS STRAIN IN NON-INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
Authors: Богданова Н.М.
Published: November 2023

Пробиотики — это живые, апатогенные для человека бактерии, обладающие антагонистической активностью в отношении патогенных и условно-патогенных бактерий и обеспечивающие восстановление нормальной микробиоты. Не любому микроорганизму может быть присвоен статус «пробиотик», а только тем, которые считаются безопасными и соответствуют определенным критериям. Несмотря на то что большая часть пробиотиков представлена изолятами индигенной микробиоты, механизм их действия в бионишах человека не эквивалентен эндогенным микроорганизмам. Функциональные гастроинтестинальные расстройства (ФГИР) широко распространены среди детей любого возраста. Изменения в «паспорте» микробиома кишечника способны затронуть ключевые механизмы, связанные с симптомами ФГИР. Очень часто причины пищеварительного дискомфорта (абдоминальная боль, вздутие живота, метеоризм, флатуленция и диарея) связаны с непереносимостью лактозы (НЛ). Воспалительные заболевания кишечника (ВЗК) характеризуются двунаправленной взаимосвязью между дисбиозом кишечника, хроническим воспалением и прогрессированием заболевания. В настоящее время мало клинических научных исследований с высокой степенью доказательности, что прием штаммоспецифичных пробиотиков обеспечивает должный биопрофилактический и биотерапевтический эффект при неинфекционных заболеваниях пищеварительного тракта. Хотя присутствуют как экспериментальные, так и клинические работы, в которых показано, что назначение LGG может оказать положительный эффект при этих нарушениях.

Probiotics are living, apatogenic bacteria for humans that have antagonistic activity against pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic bacteria that ensure the restoration of normal microbiota. Not every microorganism can be assigned the status of “probiotic”, but only those that are considered safe and meet certain criteria. Despite the fact that most of the probiotics are represented by isolates of the indigenous microbiota, the mechanism of their action in human bionishes is not equivalent to endogenous microorganisms. Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) are widespread among children of any age. Changes in the “passport” of the intestinal microbiome can aff ect the key mechanisms associated with the symptoms of FGIR. Very often, the causes of digestive discomfort (abdominal pain, bloating, fl atulence, fl atulence and diarrhea) are associated with lactose intolerance (NL). Infl ammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are characterized by bidirectional mutual.
Treatment of wastewaters from food Aromsa and ingredients production by electrocoagulation (EC) treatment aided by mucilage of Opuntia ficus-indica
Authors: Djerroud-Mohellebi Naima , Adjeroud-Abdellatif Nawel , Azzouz Zahra , Elabbas Saliha , Merzouk Belkacem , Kobya Mehmet , Madani Khodir
Published: November 2023

The electrocoagulation (EC) treatment process was aided by the cladode mucilage of Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) to improve chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency (%) of wastewater from a plant producing flavoring and food additives. The studied variables included initial pH, current density, types of electrodes (Fe and Al), mucilage concentration, and charge loading. The EC treatment using Al electrodes, assisted by an optimum concentration of 200 mg L-1 OFI mucilage, a current density of 60 A/m2, and an initial pH equal to 3, improved the COD removal efficiency (69.77%) at an EC treatment time of 40 min. The EC operating costs, energy, and electrode consumptions values were equal to 3.809 US $/m3, 0.810 kWh/kg COD removed, and 0.7898 kg/m3, respectively. However, no improvement was noted when Fe electrodes were used with or without adding OFI mucilage (under conditions of pH 6, current density of 50 A/m2, and EC time of 120 min), and COD removal efficiency (%) was equal to 41.5%. The operational costs, energy and electrode consumptions were equal to 4.2201 US $/m3, 2.8 kWh/kg COD removal and 3.0964 kg/m3, respectively. The OFI mucilage could be used as a promising bio-coagulant with EC treatment using Al electrodes, to treat the plant producing flavoring and food additives wastewater.
Adult Outdoor Play Preferences: Why Nature Space Design Matters
Authors: Rhea Debbie , Farbo David , Campbell-Pierre Daryl
Published: November 2023

Adults from many communities who value unstructured, outdoor play and want to play have limited resources to engage in play (Talarowski et al., 2019). Many parks and playgrounds today are designed with children in mind and do not offer many adult-friendly play options. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine outdoor and indoor adult play preferences to establish a baseline for adult play or nature space design. The survey was distributed to male (N=61) and female (N=261) 18–80-year-old participants through email and posts on Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter and given a three-week window to complete. The participants were asked to pick their five top activity preferences. Overall, 33% of the participants preferred nature activities, 24% preferred playground equipment, 22% preferred sports, and 21% preferred large-yard games. The top preferences predominately came from nature activities and large-yard games. Responses from write in questions showed this group of participants preferred being outdoors (84%), active (85%), and socially driven (97%). More opportunities that match these specific preferred activities must be considered so that adults can take full advantage of the benefits play can provide.
UPAYA PENURUNAN KEJADIAN STUNTING MELALUI EDUKASI MANAJEMEN LAKTASI PADA IBU HAMIL DAN POST PARTUM
Authors: Rizky Tampubolon Nurhannifah , Audina Tari , Nurmaef Nadhila , Garanetha Yossy , Karnoni Fara , Hirosehaya Dinda
Published: November 2023

Lactation management is one of the promotive and preventive efforts to overcome problems in the breastfeeding process so that the benefits of breastfeeding are achieved more optimally. Providing lactation management education to pregnant and post partum women is carried out with the aim of increasing knowledge and skills of correct breastfeeding, and overcoming problems in breastfeeding, as well as the importance of breastfeeding to reduce stunting rates. Lactation management education is part of Community Service activities with the target group namely pregnant women and post partum mothers in Sri Meranti Village, Rumbai District, Pekanbaru City. Educational activities are carried out using the interactive lecture method, with educational material related to lactation management, correct breastfeeding positions, how to express breast milk, express breast milk, problems that arise during breastfeeding, breast massage, the benefits of breast milk in preventing stunting. The media used is a leaflet given to the target group. The result of this educational activity is that there is an increase in the knowledge and skills of pregnant women and postpartum women by 23%. The increase in the knowledge and skills of the target group shows the importance of conducting regular educational activities for pregnant women and post partum mothers so that they not only increase the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding, but also improve the quality of breastfeeding while preventing and reducing the incidence of stunting
PENERAPAN PROGRAM INTERVENSI STUNTING PADA BALITA DAN IBU HAMIL DENGAN PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Tampubolon Rumintan , Latifahny Elina , Misrawati Misrawati , Aditia Wardana Ginting Wisnu , Yulidar Hafni Sofia , Rahmawati Nurul , Alrasimah Alrasimah , Sari Puspa , Latifahny Elina , Ayuni Putri , Tri Azrina Dynda , Rahman Annisa
Published: November 2023

Stunting is a problem of nutritional status that is less chronic in nature during the growth and development of toddlers. One of the direct causes of stunting is nutritional intake. One effort to eradicate stunting is through community service activities by implementing a stunting intervention program to prevent stunting from an early age. The purpose of this community service is to identify health problems that arise, especially in toddlers and pregnant women through nursing assessments with community empowerment. The stunting intervention program carried out included counseling on stunting prevention, demonstrating supplementary feeding, development stimulation counseling and community empowerment by providing high protein supplemental food to 4 toddlers at risk of stunting. Evaluation of this activity was carried out by giving post-test sheets to respondents after the counseling intervention and measuring weight with a weighing device for 4 toddlers who were the target of stunting risk for the results of the high-protein food intervention. The results obtained were that there was an increase in respondents' knowledge after participating in stunting counseling activities> 39%, an increase in respondents' knowledge after participating in counseling activities for providing additional food, namely as much as 47%, an increase in respondents' knowledge after participating in counseling activities on stimulation of toddler development 40%, and weight gain in toddlers reaches 75%.
PENDAMPINGAN OPTIMALISASI UNIT KESEHATAN SEKOLAH (UKS)
Authors: Sutriningsih Ani , Metrikayanto Wahyu Dini , Ardiyani Vita Maryah
Published: November 2023

Community service activities aim to provide assistance in optimizing the School Health Efforts (UKS) to create healthy students. Schools can realize this by activating the school health business program which aims to improve optimal health so that it can maximize the potential and achievements of children in learning. The purpose of this community service is assistance to optimize UKS. The method of implementing community service activities in facilitating the optimization of UKS is through observing conditions and inventorying the needs for space and facilities for UKS and identifying the implementation of the UKS Trias. The instrument for measuring results uses a questionnaire. The results of the activity showed that the existing UKS room was not permanent and was still one with the school principal's room. The medical equipment at the UKS only consists of simple beds and first aid kits. The implementation of the UKS Triassic found that the implementation of health education and counseling in schools was included in the poor category; the implementation of health services is included in the less category; and the implementation of a healthy school environment is included in the less category so the solutions provided are assistance in procuring UKS space and equipment and socialization of the UKS Triassic. UKS activities are important for school health efforts, so monitoring and evaluation need to be carried out on an ongoing basis.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN SADARI UNTUK DETEKSI DINI KANKER PAYUDARA PADA REMAJA PUTRI
Authors: Kurnia Sari Atika , Setianingsih Setianingsih
Published: November 2023

Breast cancer is a disease that threatens women's health, but early detection through the Self-Examination method can increase the chances of recovery. Young women at SMK Cendikia Husada Kotabumi are a group that is susceptible to breast cancer, but awareness of the importance of self-awareness is still low among them. This community service aims to increase the awareness and skills of Sadari in young women at SMK Cendikia Husada Kotabumi to support early detection of breast cancer. The community engagement approach was conducted through socialization, education, and training on the Sadari method. The activity was carried out collaboratively between the community engagement team and the school, involving 27 adolescent girls as participants. The results of the activity showed a significant improvement in the level of knowledge and understanding of the adolescent girls regarding the importance of Sadari as an early detection method for breast cancer, as evidenced by the percentage results before and after the activity. Prior to the activity, the majority of the participants had a low level of knowledge, with 21 individuals (77.8%), while after the activity, the majority of the participants showed good knowledge, with 25 individuals (92.6%). They also successfully developed skills in performing Sadari independently. Community service through outreach, counseling, and training on Realization is effective in increasing awareness and skills of young women in early detection of breast cancer. These steps need to be continued and extended to other schools and communities to protect women's health more broadly
A ALIANÇA ENTRE CAMPO E CIDADE NA PRODUÇÃO DA SOBERANIA ALIMENTAR:
Authors: Santos Adriano Pereira , Coca Estevan Leopoldo de Freitas , Salvaterra José Roberto
Published: November 2023

Problemas ambientais e sociais indicam que a construção de uma sociedade sustentável exige mudanças estruturais e a articulação entre o campo e a cidade. Com o presente trabalho buscamos analisar a participação do campesinato e de grupos urbanos na promoção da soberania alimentar através da produção e consumo de alimentos agroecológicos. Abordamos o exemplo de um grupo de consumo de alimentos agroecológicos produzidos no Acampamento Quilombo Campo Grande, em Campo do Meio-MG. Adotando as premissas da indissociabilidade entre pesquisa e extensão, realizamos trabalhos de campo nas áreas de produção e de comercialização, além de termos acompanhado por um ano o recebimento de pedidos, sistematização e entrega dos alimentos agroecológicos. Concluímos que as cestas agroecológicas são parte do que a literatura tem denominado como “segunda geração” da soberania alimentar, pois promovem a aliança campo-cidade por meio de circuitos-curtos com vistas à alimentação saudável.
A Utilização da Gamificação como Ferramenta Motivadora no Ensino de Manutenção de Software
Authors: Lima Israely , Rabelo Jacilane de Holanda
Published: November 2023

A Manutenção de Software propõe a realização de modificações em um produto de software, desde a correção de eventuais erros a melhora nos atributos. Durante o ciclo de vida do projeto de software, a implementação da manutenção surge como uma etapa importante, porém essa fase gera dúvidas em especialistas. Visando construir profissionais capacitadas, docentes do ensino superior adotam metodologias de ensino ativas e adaptáveis para área da tecnologia. Com este pensamento, este estudo apresenta etapas para o planejamento e implementação de um sistema gamificado, que utiliza de procedimentos de jogos em uma estratégia educativa para o incentivo do estudo de Manutenção de Software. Durante o estudo foram analisados os artefatos gerados por alunos para a identificação dos principais problemas enfrentados na criação da documentação e as principais avaliações dos estudantes em relação ao sistema gamificado, na qual foi utilizado o questionário IMI e IMMS. A amostra foi composta por alunos do curso de Engenharia de Software e Ciência da Computação da Universidade Federal do Ceará - Campus Russas. Por intermédio da análise observou-se que os dados apresentam um índice de 72% dos alunos detiveram interesse nas atividades durante a gamificação.
Kinder und Jugendliche als pflegende Angehörige – Care-ethische Betrachtungen und staatliche Schutzpflichten
Authors: Gröhl Stefanie
Published: November 2023

Pflegende Angehörige stehen an der Grenze ihrer Belastbarkeit. Insbesondere pflegende Kinder und Jugendliche sind in öffentlichkeitswirksamen gesellschaftlichen Debatten wenig sichtbar und werden auch von professionellen Beteiligten selten bewusst wahrgenommen. Dieser Beitrag untersucht daran anschließend, ob sich die Pflegeübernahme durch Kinder und Jugendliche care-ethisch begründen lässt und inwieweit staatliche Schutzpflichten bestehen.
Steuerungswirkung der Ausbildungspläne im juristischen Vorbereitungsdienst
Authors: Lohse Eva Julia
Published: November 2023

Der juristische Vorbereitungsdienst (Referendariat) hat einen erhöhten Bedarf an Koordination zwischen den unterschiedlichen Ausbildungsstellen. Das Ziel einer optimalen Vorbereitung sowohl auf das Zweite Juristische Staatsexamen als auch auf die spätere Berufsausübung kann nur erreicht werden, wenn die Koordinierungsleistung (auch) top down aus einer Hand erbracht wird. Diese Aufgabe übernehmen zunehmend detaillierte Ausbildungspläne auf Grundlage der jeweiligen Juristischen Ausbildungsordnung bzw. des Ausbildungsgesetzes. Der nachfolgende Beitrag betrachtet deren rechtliche Steuerungswirkung hinsichtlich Bindungskraft, Durchsetzbarkeit und Rechtsnatur. Zu diesem Zweck wird ein Vergleich mit den sowohl rechts- als auch erziehungs- und sozialwissenschaftlich deutlich besser erforschten Lehrplänen und Curricula an staatlichen Schulen angestellt.
Border Securitization Cycles: Periodizing Turkey’s Management of Its Iranian Border (1920–2020)
Authors: Ollier Johanna
Published: November 2023

The return of the Taliban to power in Afghanistan in the summer of 2021 sent a shockwave whose effects were felt far beyond national borders. In Turkey, this event contributed to a renewed physical and discursive securitization of the border with Iran. This article argues that such policies and discourses are part of a long-term process of border securitization that has been underway for at least a century. This article identifies a periodization scheme for this securitization process and proposes the existence of different border securitization cycles within this process. Historical developments in Turkey are provided as a means of identifying, comparing, and contrasting these cycles at the Turkish-Iranian border. This article thus contributes to critical security and border studies by showing how borders can become the objects of securitization in and of themselves.
Marshaling Development: Turkish Thrace in the Interwar Years
Authors: Şen Sertaç K.
Published: November 2023

Based on ethnographic fieldwork and archival research, this study examines the interwar transformation of Eastern Thrace through the prism of sovereignty. It argues that Turkish political and military elites came into a particular geopolitical consciousness about Thrace in the 1930s, viewing the region as a vulnerable yet indispensable frontier due to its geographical, symbolic, and military significance. In their quest to re-border Thrace to extend state sovereignty, the elites combined the tools of international diplomacy with a regional policy that sought to repopulate, redevelop, and refortify Thrace. The study coins the concept of marshaling development to describe these efforts to interrelated civilian and military ends. It demonstrates how officials marshaling development foresaw the reordering of peoples, materials, infrastructures, resources, and affective dispositions across the borderland space with a view to the joint goals of defense and development and with durable socioeconomic and demographic consequences extending well beyond the interwar years.
Peace at Home, a Minor Intervention Abroad? Explaining the Turkish-Iranian Border Revision of 1932
Authors: Ceylan Tunç İbrahim
Published: November 2023

Although historians of Turkish foreign policy have emphasized Turkey’s pro-status-quo stance during the interwar period, the international and regional political context of the time sometimes offered states the opportunity to make revisions to the existing order. Cross-border rebellions represented one such opportunity. Turkey was among the countries which saw border amendments as an option, despite a nation-state discourse and ideology emphasizing the ‘inviolability’ of the existing borders. This article shows how Turkey, unable to suppress the cross-border Ararat Rebellion in the late 1920s and early 1930s, opted for a military operation on Iranian soil and successfully demanded a revision to its supposedly well-established ‘Qasr-e Shirin borders.’ The article identifies three major factors that conditioned Turkey’s exceptional approach to its Iranian border in the 1930s: the historical factor of Ottoman-Iranian relations, the new territoriality of nation-states, and the Soviet Union’s influence on the region. It critically employs the memoirs of key Turkish political elites active in the resolution of this dispute, Turkish newspapers, and archival documents. It contributes to our understanding of early republican Turkish notions of territoriality while building on recent scholarship which questions the assumption of early republican Turkey’s strict non-revisionism and disinterest in the Middle East.
Galloping Flashbacks: The Representation of National Space in Turkish Action/Adventure Films of the 1960s–1970s
Authors: Kıbrıs Güldeniz
Published: November 2023

This study explores the representations of national space and its borders in twenty-four action/adventure films with historical settings. It concentrates on film series featuring comic-book heroes: Tarkan, Karaoğlan, Malkoçoğlu, Battal Gazi, and Kara Murat, all produced between 1965 and 1978. Although they have not been taken seriously as films, their prominent place in Turkish national memory, makes them effective tools for understanding varieties of Turkish nationalism in the Cold War period. This article demonstrates that political and ideological changes in the Turkey of the 1960s and 1970s were reflected, at times subtly, in the action/adventure films of the period. In particular, during the second half of the 1960s, Turkish action/adventure films transitioned to more radical and violent cinematic representations in the 1970s. Increased aggression in the depiction of Turkish action/adventure heroes was accompanied by a shrinking and more limited depiction of national space, reflecting the country’s more defensive zeitgeist.
Hinweisgeberschutz und Datenschutz
Authors: Musiol Philip
Published: November 2023

The Whistleblower Protection Act came into force on July 2, 2023 posing challenges both for legal scholars and practitioners – also and especially with regard to data protection. This work aims to resolve the legal issues that arise at the interface between the two areas of law by developing solutions that are both legally sound and practical. To this end, the individual stages of an internal reporting procedure are analyzed, the relationship between the data protection officer and the internal reporting office is clarified, and the rights of data subjects under GDPR are examined in the context of an internal reporting procedure. The study focuses on the relationship between confidentiality and transparency as well as data processing in a corporate reporting office and by a legal ombudsman´s office.
Comparison of Ketamine to Haloperidol for Preventing Delirium in ICU Elderly Patients
Authors: Hosseindoost Saereh , Zabetpoor Mohammad Javad , Fattah Ghazi Samrand , Orandi Amirhossein , Pestei Khalil
Published: November 2023

Background: Delirium is a common concern among elderly intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Ketamine’s effectiveness in preventing delirium remains controversial despite its demonstrated neuroprotective properties and cognitive benefits in previous studies. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of ketamine and haloperidol in preventing delirium in elderly ICU patients. Methods: This randomized clinical trial involved 44 non-intubated patients aged over 65 years in a general ICU. The patients received low-dose intravenous ketamine (20 mg) or intramuscular haloperidol (2.5 mg). Delirium was assessed using the Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) at 5, 10, and 15 minutes. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients achieving adequate sedation (RASS ≤ +1). The secondary outcome was time to reach adequate sedation. Adverse effects and physician satisfaction were evaluated after 60 minutes. Results: No significant difference in delirium was observed between the groups after interventions or within each group over time. However, the ketamine group had significantly lower delirium incidence at 5 minutes. The percentage of patients achieving adequate sedation was higher in the ketamine group (86.4%) than in the haloperidol group (36.4%) (P = 0.002). There was a delirium difference between groups at 10 minutes (P = 0.31) or 15 minutes (P = 0.082). Physician satisfaction did not differ significantly (P = 0.144). Conclusions: The present study suggests that the administration of low-dose ketamine to elderly ICU patients might reduce delirium incidence, supporting its beneficial effect for delirium control.
Comparative Effect of Amylose Concentration in Brown and White Rice on Hepatocellular Insufficiency Using Rat Bioassay
Authors: Azhar Natasha , Jabeen Shaista , Aslam Maria , Ur Rehman Habib
Published: November 2023

Background: The scientific name of rice is Oryza sativa. It is one of the important staple human foods. There are more than 110,000 cultivated varieties of rice, most widely known and grown. Nutrient concentration may vary depending on production, environment, pre- and post-harvesting treatment, and processing. Cooked rice with high amylose content effectively controls metabolic disorders, serum blood glucose levels, and lipid profile and is also effective in weight loss. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the comparative effect of amylose concentration in brown and white rice on hepatocellular insufficiency in healthy rat models. Methods: We divided 25 rats into 5 groups (G0, G1, G2, G3, and G4). There were 5 rats in each group. Group 0 was the control group on a normal diet. Group 1 was fed white rice flour, G2 was fed cooked white rice, G3 was fed brown rice flour, and G4 was fed cooked brown rice. Free access to food and water was secured. Weight changes, blood glucose, and lipid profiles were analyzed pre and post-treatment. Results: Rats on white rice feed showed weight gain, increased blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and low HDL levels. However, rats on brown rice feed showed less weight gain (P < 0.05), a lower increase in blood glucose (P < 0.05), high HDL, lower LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides. The pancreas and liver histopathology showed no major changes due to the short trial duration. Conclusions: Rats fed white rice showed ineffective results disturbing biological parameters as compared to those rats which were fed brown rice. Due to low amylose content and the presence of antioxidants, flavonoids, and high fiber content, brown rice shows beneficial effects in controlling and maintaining relevant biological parameters.
Pemeriksaan HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) Dengan Metode Latex Dan Metode Strip Test Untuk Deteksi Kehamilan
Authors: Dewanti Herin Tixa , Anwar Eka Nurdianty
Published: November 2023

HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) is a hormone produced by young placental tissue and secreted by urine in the event of abnormal proliferation of chorionic epithelial tissue. The presence of urinary HCG can be used for pregnancy detection. Pregnancy check can be done by latex method and strip test method. This study aims to determine the description of HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) examination with latex method and strip test method for pregnancy detection. The research used Purposive sampling technique with 25 samples of pregnant women in the first trimester. The determination of gestational age in a simple way is by counting the first day of the last menstrual period (HPHT), 3 weeks, 2 people (8%), 4 week HPHT, 4 (16%), 5 week HPHT, 3 (12%) , 6-week. HPHT was 2 people (8%), HPHT 7-8 weeks there were 6 people (24%), HPHT 9- 12 weeks there were 8 people (32%). Of the 25 samples examined using two methods namely the method of latex and the method of Strip Test, all samples tested positive pregnant (100%).
Studi Literatur Penggunaan Gym Ball Pada Ibu Hamil Primigravida Untuk Mempercepat Durasi Persalinan
Authors: Rakizah Ice , Rahmawati Diyah Tepi , Kadarsih Mitra
Published: November 2023

Melihat banyaknya kejadian persalinan lama dan dampaknya mortalitas dan morbiditas pada ibu dan janin, maka masalah ini dipandang perlu untuk diteliti. Dibutuhkan latihan mobilitas dari ibu untuk menjaga agar ligamen tetap longgar, rileks, bebas dari ketegangan dan lebih banyak ruang untuk bayi turun kepanggul sehingga lama waktu persalinan kala I dan kala II dapat diperpendek dengan melakukan senam/olah tubuh. Salah satu teknik yang dapat digunakan untuk mempercepat proses persalinan adalah menggunakan gym ball dengan gerakan pelvic rocking, squatting, bounching ball dan standing leaning on the ball. Tujuan rencana penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektifitas penggunaan gym ball terhadap penurunan kepala pada ibu hamil dan mempercepat durasi persalinan. Metode dalam penelitian ini berupa studi literatur. Dari beberapa kajian/telaah  disampaikan bahwa terdapat perbedaan sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan latihan  gym ball terhadap kemajuan persalinan ibu primigravida kala I fase aktif Hasil penelitian lainnya menyebutkan bahwa Pelvick Rocking Exercise dapat mempercepat kala I fase aktif persalinan pada ibu multigravida. Hal serupa sejalan dengan hasil penelitian yang juga menunjukkan bahwa teknik gym ball dengan pelvic rocking dapat mempercepat lama persalinan kala I fase aktif sebesar 52.61%  dan dalam hal penurunan dan rotasi kepala janin pada awal fase aktif (dilatasi: 3-5 cm) dan kala II. Kesimpulan dan saran. Latihan dengan bola kelahiran (gymball) diyakini mampu memperkuat otot dasar panggul, meningkatkan diameter panggul,  membantu turunnya janin ke panggul sehingga mampu mempercepat proses persalinan dan perlunya dilakukan penelitian lanjutan untuk hasil yang  lebih  optimal.
The influence of gender on STEM career choice: A partial least squares analysis
Authors: Tey Tiny Chiu Yuen , Moses Priscilla , Cheah Phaik Kin
Published: November 2023

Students’ participation in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) is still one of the most critical worldwide educational challenges despite efforts to promote STEM. Debates about gender disparities in STEM careers also remain perpetual. Early documented literature suggested shifts in students’ STEM choices were due to students’ significant others, media exposure and attitude. Therefore, the first aim of this paper was to examine the direct and indirect relationships in a proposed model, and analyze the mediating roles of media exposure and students’ attitude in the relationship between subjective norms and STEM career choice intention. The second aim was to analyze the moderating role of students’ gender. Respondents of this study were 806 secondary school students in Malaysia. Based on the results from partial least squares structural equation modeling, (i) subjective norms had both direct and indirect influence on students’ career choice intention in STEM, (ii) media exposure and students’ attitude were significant mediators between subjective norms and career choice intention in STEM, and (iii) gender moderated the influence of subjective norms on media exposure. The findings drawn from this study provide insights into the design and development of STEM initiatives for parents, teachers, and peers by considering the importance of the media, students’ attitude, and gender. Recommendations for policy and practice enhancements were suggested for future research directions to support STEM interventions in Malaysia.
Using Scramble Game To Develop English Vocabulary Of Grade Seven Students At SMP Negeri 1 Pematangsiantar
Authors: Carolin Panjaitan  , David Berthony Manalu  , Siska Anggita Situmeang
Published: November 2023

The objectives of this research was find out whether the using scramble game to develop English vocabulary of grade seven students at SMP Negeri 1 Pematangsiantar. This research used quantitative research with a quasi-experimental research design. The population of this study was the VII grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Pematangsiantar with a total of 352 students. The sample of this study was divided into two classes, class VII-7 as the control class consisting of 32 students who used the conventional media and class VII-8 as the experimental class consisting of 32 students who used scramble game. Data collection instruments used multiple choice for pre-test and post-test. The data analysis technique used in this research is SPSS version 21, by conducting normality test, homogeneity test and hypothesis test. In the post-test results for the experimental class, the average was 79.68, while in the control class the average was 74.53. Based on the hypothesis test using an independent test, it shows a sig (2-tailed) value of 0.016 < 0.05, then Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of scramble game can improve the English vocabulary of grade seven students at SMP Negeri 1 Pematangsiantar.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Melalui Pembelajaran Kooperatif Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD)
Authors: Novi Marliani  , Ambarsari  , Idha Isnaningrum
Published: November 2023

The aim of this research is to determine whether the application of Student Teams Achievement Divisions (STAD) cooperative learning can improve learning outcomes. This research was carried out at SMA Martia Bhakti Bekasi Jl. Jendral Sudirman Km. 32 Kayuringin Jaya Village, South Bekasi District, Bekasi City. In this research, the samples to be taken are class X.2 as an experiment with a total of 35 students, and class X.3 as a control class with a total of 35 students. So the total sample used was 70 students. The cooperative learning model requires students' skills and cooperation in their groups, training students in critical thinking so that students' ability to understand the subject matter presented can increase. Meanwhile, researchers chose STAD cooperative learning because STAD cooperative learning is the simplest cooperative learning and easiest to apply in classes that have never implemented cooperative learning. Thus, it can be concluded that providing the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) type cooperative learning model has a positive effect on mathematics learning outcomes on the subject of Mathematical Logic. From the research results, it can be concluded that providing the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) type cooperative learning model has a positive effect on mathematics learning outcomes on the subject of Mathematical Logic.
Analisis Kebutuhan E-Modul Sejarah untuk Pembelajaran Sejarah Fase E di SMAN 01 Kec. Suliki
Authors: Febrian Wahyuri , Ofianto Ofianto
Published: November 2023

This research aims to collect information on the needs for the development of E-Modules as a history learning medium at SMA 01 Kec. Suliki and analysis of the need for E-Modules as a medium for learning history in high school for Phase E (X E 3) class students. The research method used by researchers in this study is a qualitative descriptive method where the researcher is the key instrument and data processing is descriptive. Data collection techniques in this research used observation and interviews. The results of the discussion in this research are that students have low enthusiasm for learning history which is caused by the monotonous use of history learning media so that students need interesting and interactive learning media, for this reason the researcher offers to develop media that is interactive and can attract interest and motivation. and can help students in learning. The media that is the solution in this research is E-Module media which contains learning material content that is packaged digitally and is interactive. It is hoped that the e-Module can be a solution to problems related to students' low learning enthusiasm, so that effective history learning will be created and learning objectives can be achieved.
Konstektualisasi Pendidikan Akhlak dan Karakter Menurut Imam Al Ghazali pada Pendidikan Islam di Indonesia
Authors: Mayalibit Nabila , Masduki Yusron
Published: November 2023

Character education is very important learning and must be instilled in children from an early age. Because character or morals become a personal description of that person. Indonesia is a country that instills character education in every school, be it Islamic schools or other public schools. In Indonesia, there are many character education that is implemented which adhere to the concept of character education formulated and developed by Imam Al Ghazali. Until now, the concept developed by him is still considered relevant to face the times.