bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Breastfeeding but not Exclusively: Exploration of Chinese American Mothers’ Infant Feeding Practices
Authors: Goldbort Joanne , Bresnahan Mary , Zhuang Jie , Bogdan-Lovis Elizabeth , Park Sunyoung
Published: December 2020

Background

Previous qualitative researchers have shown that Chinese American mothers experienced high rates of suboptimal breastfeeding, especially early introduction of other foods before the recommended 6-month period of exclusive breastfeeding.

Research aims

(1) To explore attitudes that Chinese American mothers have about the meaning and practice of exclusive breastfeeding; (2) to evaluate the extent of family pressure and support to maintain exclusive breastfeeding; and (3) to examine the influence of breastfeeding self-efficacy and the intention to continue exclusive breastfeeding.

Method

Guided by the theory of planned behavior, this descriptive cross-sectional prospective online survey was conducted with Chinese American breastfeeding mothers ( N = 401). Participants’ attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control for exclusive breastfeeding behaviors were measured.

Results

The M ( SD) age of participants was 29.14 ( SD = 6.90). Just over 50% reported receiving family support for exclusive breastfeeding. While participants had positive attitudes about exclusive breastfeeding and the value of colostrum, 64% ( n = 257) had already introduced foods other than mother’s own milk before their infant was 6-months old. Participants also expressed concern that their infants did not receive enough nutrition from exclusive mother’s milk. Participants with more than one child had significantly greater intention to continue exclusive breastfeeding compared to participants with only one child. Perception of approval by others for exclusive breastfeeding and breastfeeding self-efficacy were significantly related to behavioral intention to continue exclusive breastfeeding.

Conclusion

Suboptimal infant feeding is a problem for Chinese American women and may also be a problem for mothers in other ethnic groups. We found a lack of adherence with standard recommendations for sustaining 6-months of exclusive breastfeeding.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis on Hospitalization with COVID-19 in a Previously Nondiabetic Patient: A Review of Pathophysiology
Authors: Eskandarani Rawan M , Sawan Shaima
Published: December 2020

Hyperglycaemia during inpatient admission is indicative of higher morbidity and mortality risks in critically ill patients. The severe acute respiratory distress coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been reported to induce ketoacidosis and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) even in nondiabetic patients. The pathophysiology of the SARS-CoV-2 infection that can contribute to hyperglycaemia, and the exacerbated inflammatory cytokine storm can overlap with the metabolic chronic inflammatory state attributable to the metabolic syndrome, which underlies diabetes mellitus. In this report, we explore the possible pathophysiology and metabolic mechanisms that lead to metabolic acidosis in nondiabetic patients.
Do We See Masculine Faces as Competent and Feminine Faces as Warm? Effects of Sexual Dimorphism on Facial Perception
Authors: Wen Fangfang , Zuo Bin , Ma Shuhan , Xu Yian , Coley John D. , Wang Yang
Published: December 2020

Previous research on non-facial features demonstrated that masculinity and femininity correlated highly with perceived competence and warmth, respectively. Several studies focused on dimorphic facial cues and found an association between masculine faces and competence. However, there’s no study exploring the association between facial dimorphism and social judgment both using explicit and implicit experimental paradigms, i.e. Triad Classification Task, Implicit Associate Task. This study examined the association of masculinity/femininity and competence/warmth via explicit and implicit measures in three experiments. The results showed that participants saw feminine/masculine faces as more consistent with warmth/competence for both male and female faces. Besides, it was found that the above associations were more obvious in female participants. The current studies extended research of effects of dimorphic facial cue in social judgment and provided direct evidence linking facial masculinity with perceived competence, and facial femininity with perceived warmth.
Is There Such a Thing as a Hate Crime Paradigm? An Integrative Review of Bias-Motivated Violent Victimization and Offending, Its Effects and Underlying Mechanisms
Authors: Díaz-Faes Diego A. , Pereda Noemí
Published: December 2020

Despite the growing number of bias-motivated violence studies, the evidence available remains limited, and there are several gaps in our understanding of the complex relationship between negative attitudes and biased violence. In addition, the literature on this topic has many facets and nuances and is often contradictory, so it is difficult to obtain a clear overall picture. Research has made good progress in this area, but it still suffers from a lack of systematization and from a highly segmented approach to victimization and offending. To contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the subject, this integrative narrative review provides a critical reappraisal of the theoretical, methodological, and empirical research from a systemic perspective. To this end, 134 academic publications on personality and social psychology, clinical psychology, sociology, criminology, and related disciplines were examined. The evidence suggests that although bias-motivated violence shares characteristics with other types of offensive behavior, it is actually a unique phenomenon due to its background rooted in prejudice, identity, and attitudes in which the intersection of individual, psychosocial, and ecological factors is especially relevant. The impact on the victim and their community is diverse, but it has a series of distinctive severe psychological consequences that significantly reduce the probability that incidents will be reported. Here, we present a series of findings and reflections on bias-motivated violence and provide recommendations for research, practice, and policy.
Influences of Repair Site Tension and Conduit Splinting on Peripheral Nerve Reconstruction
Authors: Brogan David M. , Dy Christopher J. , Rioux-Forker Dana , Wever Jason , Leversedge Fraser J.
Published: December 2020

Background

We investigated the use of a conduit splinting technique to mitigate tension at the coaptation site of a rodent nerve defect model to determine the optimal reconstruction method for segmental nerve defects.

Methods

A rat sciatic nerve segmental defect model was created by excising 5mm of the sciatic nerve unilaterally. Four groups of 10 rats were each reconstructed using 1 of 4 techniques: primary repair, repair with conduit splinting, reverse isograft with conduit splinting, and reverse isograft without splinting. Functional outcomes were assessed at 6 weeks by measurement of Sciatic Functional Index (SFI), and sciatic nerves were harvested at the nonsurvival surgery. Histomorphologic measurements were reported as a value normalized to the average measurements of the control side. The primary outcomes were assessment of nerve continuity and the proportion of nerve fibers in the regenerating nerve compared with the uninjured side.

Results

The number of repair site rupture rates was lower when a conduit splint was used—less than half of the primary repairs under tension remained intact at 6 weeks. No difference was seen in axon number, size, and density between primary repairs and those augmented by conduit splints, but worse functional outcomes and more debris were present compared with the intact primary repairs.

Conclusions

Nerve conduit splinting reduced rupture rates, particularly for nerve repairs associated with a segmental defect. No significant difference was seen in the number of axons among techniques. Primary nerve repair under tension that did not rupture demonstrated superior SFI.
The Tweet Heard Round the World: Daryl Morey, the NBA, China, and Attribution of Responsibility
Authors: Guo Sitong , Billings Andrew C. , Brown Kenon A. , Vincent John
Published: December 2020

Following Houston Rockets General Manager Daryl Morey’s social media post advocating for Hong Kong independence, a 2 (NBA, Houston Rockets) × 3 (attacking the accuser, justification, apology) experimental design was utilized to explore the effects of different crisis response strategies on sports fan relationships between/among a professional sport league, one of its teams, and crisis responsibility attribution. Results indicated that apology strategy functioned better in reducing the blame placed on the organization than attacking strategy. Also, people with a more positive relationship or a higher level of identification with the organization would attribute less responsibility. However, when controlling the organization-public relationship or sport identification, response strategies could no longer predict attribution of responsibility significantly, suggesting that the previous relationship matters more than which response strategy is utilized in a crisis.
Nintedanib targets KIT D816V neoplastic cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells of systemic mastocytosis
Authors: Toledo Marcelo A. S. , Gatz Malrun , Sontag Stephanie , Gleixner Karoline V. , Eisenwort Gregor , Feldberg Kristina , Hamouda Ahmed E. I. , Kluge Frederick , Guareschi Riccardo , Rossetti Giulia , Sechi Antonio S. , Dufva Olli M. J. , Mustjoki Satu M. , Maurer Angela , Schüler Herdit M. , Goetzke Roman , Braunschweig Till , Kaiser Anne , Panse Jens , Jawhar Mohamad , Reiter Andreas , Hilberg Frank , Ettmayer Peter , Wagner Wolfgang , Koschmieder Steffen , Brümmendorf Tim H. , Valent Peter , Chatain Nicolas , Zenke Martin
Published: December 2020

The KIT D816V mutation is found in >80% of patients with systemic mastocytosis (SM) and is key to neoplastic mast cell (MC) expansion and accumulation in affected organs. Therefore, KIT D816V represents a prime therapeutic target for SM. Here, we generated a panel of patient-specific KIT D816V induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from patients with aggressive SM and mast cell leukemia to develop a patient-specific SM disease model for mechanistic and drug-discovery studies. KIT D816V iPSCs differentiated into neoplastic hematopoietic progenitor cells and MCs with patient-specific phenotypic features, thereby reflecting the heterogeneity of the disease. CRISPR/Cas9n-engineered KIT D816V human embryonic stem cells (ESCs), when differentiated into hematopoietic cells, recapitulated the phenotype observed for KIT D816V iPSC hematopoiesis. KIT D816V causes constitutive activation of the KIT tyrosine kinase receptor, and we exploited our iPSCs and ESCs to investigate new tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting KIT D816V. Our study identified nintedanib, a US Food and Drug Administration–approved angiokinase inhibitor that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, platelet-derived growth factor receptor, and fibroblast growth factor receptor, as a novel KIT D816V inhibitor. Nintedanib selectively reduced the viability of iPSC-derived KIT D816V hematopoietic progenitor cells and MCs in the nanomolar range. Nintedanib was also active on primary samples of KIT D816V SM patients. Molecular docking studies show that nintedanib binds to the adenosine triphosphate binding pocket of inactive KIT D816V. Our results suggest nintedanib as a new drug candidate for KIT D816V–targeted therapy of advanced SM.
Application of high-flow nasal cannula in hypoxemic patients with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hu Ming , Zhou Qiang , Zheng Ruiqiang , Li Xuyan , Ling Jianmin , Chen Yumei , Jia Jing , Xie Cuihong
Published: December 2020

Background

It had been shown that High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is an effective initial support strategy for patients with acute respiratory failure. However, the efficacy of HFNC for patients with COVID-19 has not been established. This study was performed to assess the efficacy of HFNC for patients with COVID-19 and describe early predictors of HFNC treatment success in order to develop a prediction tool that accurately identifies the need for upgrade respiratory support therapy.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with COVID-19 treated by HFNC in respiratory wards of 2 hospitals in Wuhan between 1 January and 1 March 2020. Overall clinical outcomes, the success rate of HFNC strategy and related respiratory variables were evaluated.

Results

A total of 105 patients were analyzed. Of these, 65 patients (61.9%) showed improved oxygenation and were successfully withdrawn from HFNC. The PaO2/FiO2ratio, SpO2/FiO2ratio and ROX index (SpO2/FiO2*RR) at 6h, 12h and 24h of HFNC initiation were closely related to the prognosis. The ROX index after 6h of HFNC initiation (AUROC, 0.798) had good predictive capacity for outcomes of HFNC. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, young age, gender of female, and lower SOFA score all have predictive value, while a ROX index greater than 5.55 at 6 h after initiation was significantly associated with HFNC success (OR, 17.821; 95% CI, 3.741-84.903p<0.001).

Conclusions

Our study indicated that HFNC was an effective way of respiratory support in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. The ROX index after 6h after initiating HFNC had good predictive capacity for HFNC outcomes.
Disjoint interval bound constraints using the alternating direction method of multipliers for geologically constrained inversion: Application to gravity data
Authors: Ogarko Vitaliy , Giraud Jérémie , Martin Roland , Jessell Mark
Published: December 2020

To reduce uncertainties in reconstructed images, geologic information must be introduced in a numerically robust and stable way during the geophysical data inversion procedure. In the context of potential (gravity) data inversion, it is important to bound the physical properties by providing probabilistic information on the number of lithologies and ranges of values of possibly existing related rock properties (densities). For this purpose, we have introduced a generalization of bounding constraints for geophysical inversion based on the alternating direction method of multipliers. The flexibility of the proposed technique enables us to take into account petrophysical information as well as probabilistic geologic modeling, when it is available. The algorithm introduces a priori knowledge in terms of physically acceptable bounds of model parameters based on the nature of the modeled lithofacies in the region under study. Instead of introducing only one interval of geologically acceptable values for each parameter representing a set of rock properties, we define sets of disjoint intervals using the available geologic information. Different sets of intervals are tested, such as quasidiscrete (or narrow) intervals as well as wider intervals provided by geologic information obtained from probabilistic geologic modeling. Narrower intervals can be used as soft constraints encouraging quasidiscrete inversions. The algorithm is first applied to a synthetic 2D case for proof-of-concept validation and then to the 3D inversion of gravity data collected in the Yerrida Basin (Western Australia). Numerical convergence tests show the robustness and stability of the bound constraints that we apply, which is not always trivial for constrained inversions. This technique can be a more reliable uncertainty reduction method as well as an alternative to other petrophysically or geologically constrained inversions based on the more classic “clustering” or Gaussian-mixture approaches.
Bayesian facies inversion on a partially dolomitized isolated carbonate platform: A case study from Central Luconia Province, Malaysia
Authors: Ghon George , Grana Dario , Rankey Eugene C. , Baechle Gregor T. , Bleibinhaus Florian , Lang Xiaozheng , de Figueiredo Leandro Passos , Poppelreiter Michael C.
Published: December 2020

We have developed a case study of geophysical reservoir characterization in which we use elastic inversion and probabilistic prediction to estimate nine carbonate lithofacies and the associated porosity distribution. The study focuses on an isolated carbonate platform of middle Miocene age, offshore Sarawak in Malaysia that has been partly dolomitized — a process that increased the porosity and permeability of the prolific gas reservoir. The nine lithofacies are defined from one reference core and include a range of lithologies and pore types, covering limestone and dolomitized limestone, each with vuggy varieties, as well as sucrosic and crystalline dolomites with intercrystalline porosity, and argillaceous limestones and shales. To predict the lithofacies and porosity from geophysical data, we adopt a probabilistic algorithm that uses Bayesian theory with an analytical solution for conditional means and covariances of posterior probabilities, assuming a Gaussian mixture model. The inversion is a two-step process, first solving for P- and S-wave velocities and density from two partial seismic stacks. Subsequently, the lithofacies and porosity are predicted from the elastic parameters in the borehole and across a 2D inline. The final result is a model that consists of the pointwise posterior distributions of the facies and porosity at each location where seismic data are available. The facies posterior distribution represents the facies proportions estimated from seismic data, whereas the porosity distribution represents the probability density function at each location. These distributions provide the most likely model and its associated uncertainty for geologic interpretations of lithofacies associated with distinct stages of carbonate platform growth.
Intraoperative Airway Management Considerations for Adult Patients Presenting With Tracheostomy: A Narrative Review
Authors: Rosero Eric B. , Corbett John , Mau Ted , Joshi Girish P.
Published: December 2020

Tracheotomy is a surgical procedure through which a tracheostomy, an opening into the trachea, is created. Indications for tracheostomy include facilitation of airway management during prolonged mechanical ventilation, treatment of acute upper airway obstruction when tracheal intubation is unfeasible, management of chronic upper airway obstructive conditions, and planned airway management for major head and neck surgery. Patients who have a recent or long-term tracheostomy may present for a variety of surgical or diagnostic procedures performed under general anesthesia or sedation/analgesia. Airway management of these patients can be challenging and should be planned ahead of time. Anesthesia personnel should be familiar with the different components of cuffed and uncuffed tracheostomy devices and their connectivity to the anesthesia circuits. An appropriate airway management plan should take into account the indication of the tracheostomy, the maturity status of the stoma, the type and size of tracheostomy tube, the expected patient positioning, and presence of patient’s concurrent health conditions. Management of the patient with a T-tube is highlighted. Importantly, there is a need for multidisciplinary care involving anesthesiologists, surgical specialists, and perioperative nurses. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss the anesthesia care of patients with a tracheostomy. Key aspects on relevant tracheal anatomy, tracheostomy tubes/devices, alternatives of airway management, and possible complications related to tracheostomy are summarized with a recommendation for an algorithm to manage intraoperative tracheostomy tube dislodgement.
Selective Hydrogenation of C=C bond in Cinnamaldehyde on Pd Step Sites of Pd/Al2O3
Authors: Murata Kazumasa , Shiotani Takumi , Ohyama Junya , Satsuma Atsushi
Published: December 2020

We found a positive correlation between C=C selective hydrogenation activity of cinnamaldehyde (CAL) and the fraction of the Pd step site on Pd nanoparticles. Owing to a high fraction of step sites, Pd/θ-Al2O3 catalysts with Pd particle size of 5–10 nm were highly active for the C=C selective hydrogenation of CAL.
Deep learning classifiers for near infrared spectral imaging: a tutorial
Authors: Xu Jun-Li , Riccioli Cecilia , Herrero-Langreo Ana , Gowen Aoife
Published: December 2020

Deep learning (DL) has recently achieved considerable successes in a wide range of applications, such as speech recognition, machine translation and visual recognition. This tutorial provides guidelines and useful strategies to apply DL techniques to address pixel-wise classification of spectral images. A one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1-D CNN) is used to extract features from the spectral domain, which are subsequently used for classification. In contrast to conventional classification methods for spectral images that examine primarily the spectral context, a three-dimensional (3-D) CNN is applied to simultaneously extract spatial and spectral features to enhance classificationaccuracy. This tutorial paper explains, in a stepwise manner, how to develop 1-D CNN and 3-D CNN models to discriminate spectral imaging data in a food authenticity context. The example image data provided consists of three varieties of puffed cereals imaged in the NIR range (943–1643 nm). The tutorial is presented in the MATLAB environment and scripts and dataset used are provided. Starting from spectral image pre-processing (background removal and spectral pre-treatment), the typical steps encountered in development of CNN models are presented. The example dataset provided demonstrates that deep learning approaches can increase classification accuracy compared to conventional approaches, increasing the accuracy of the model tested on an independent image from 92.33 % using partial least squares-discriminant analysis to 99.4 % using 3-CNN model at pixel level. The paper concludes with a discussion on the challenges and suggestions in the application of DL techniques for spectral image classification.
Therapeutic physical culture for diseases of the nervous system
Authors: Karaseva Tat'yana , Mahov Aleksandr , Tolstova Svetlana
Published: December 2020

The textbook presents the content of the main sections of the course, as well as educational and methodological materials for independent work of students. It is intended for full-time and part-time students of the training areas 49.03.01 "Physical culture", 49.03.02 " Physical culture for persons with disabilities in the state of health (adaptive physical culture)", studying the discipline "Therapeutic physical culture".
The myth of Napoleon in the Russian classics of the XIX century (A. S. Pushkin, M. Yu.Lermontov, N. V. Gogol)
Authors: Artamonova Irina
Published: December 2020

The monograph is devoted to the study of the problem of the Napoleonic complex manifestation in the key classics of Russian literature of the early-mid-XIX century. The study provides a systematic analysis of the semiotic Napoleonic complex, which is manifested in each classic depending on personal and socio-ideological positions — from autobiographical constructs to invective and ironic variations of the myth. It is intended for a wide range of scientists-specialists, philologists, historians, cultural scientists, students of the Humanities, graduate students and teachers of Russian literature.
Discrete mathematics
Authors: Alekseev Valeriy
Published: December 2020

The textbook is written on the basis of a course of lectures on discrete mathematics given to students of the faculty of computational mathematics and Cybernetics of the Lomonosov Moscow state University. It includes an introduction to such sections of discrete mathematics as Boolean functions, k-valued functions, graphs, codes, automata, and the implementation of Boolean functions by schemes. It can be used for reading the course "Discrete mathematics", as well as for self-study of the basics of discrete mathematics.
Application of the Balance Method to Property Rights to the Results of Intellectual Activity Identifi ed During Inventory
Authors: Sotnikova Lyudmila
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the features of accounting and accounting (fi nancial) statements refl ecting the results of accepting property rights to the results of intellectual activity (intangible assets) on the balance sheet of the reporting organization, the income from which was not subject to income tax during 2018-2019. Intangible assets recognized in this period are subsequently amortised in accounting, while they are not amortised in tax accounting. Since January 1, 2020, the mandatory application of the balance sheet method for accounting for diff erences between accounting and tax financial results has raised a number of questions about the application of this method to the situation with intangible assets accepted for accounting aft er inventory and confl icting consultations. Th e article uses an example of the procedure for applying a retrospective transition from the deferred method to the balance sheet method in relation to intangible assets identifi ed during inventory.
Market Competition and the Effectiveness of Performance Pay
Authors: Khashabi Pooyan , Heinz Matthias , Zubanov Nick , Kretschmer Tobias , Friebel Guido
Published: December 2020

It is well established that the effectiveness of pay-for-performance (PfP) schemes depends on employee- and organization-specific factors. However, less is known about the moderating role of external forces such as market competition. Our theory posits that competition generates two counteracting effects—the residual market and competitor response effects—that vary with competition and jointly generate a curvilinear relationship between PfP effectiveness and competition. Weak competition discourages effort response to PfP because there is little residual market to gain from rivals, whereas strong competition weakens incentives because an offsetting response from competitors becomes more likely. PfP hence has the strongest effect under moderate competition. Field data from a bakery chain and its competitive environment confirm our theory and let us refute several alternative interpretations.
Rehabilitation of the canine patient following spinal cord injury: a practical guide
Authors: Corral Cheryl
Published: December 2020

This article forms part of a series exploring the rehabilitation of the canine shoulder, elbow, back, hip and stifle following injury or disease. Discussed here are different rehabilitation techniques used to address neurological deficits, pain and weakness following spinal injury, including physical therapies, electrotherapies and acupuncture.
Small animal Review
Authors: Tennant Bryn
Published: December 2020

In this month's Small Animal Review, we summarise three recently published papers from other veterinary journals. The papers focus on feline morbillivirus, a congenital case of canine porphyria and the role of symmetric dimethylarginine in defining renal disease.
La conciencia moral y la conciencia moderna en Nuestro Padre San Daniel y El obispo leproso
Authors: Johnson Roberta
Published: December 2020

En Nuestro Padre San Daniel y El obispo leproso Miró se sirve de los dos sentidos de «conciencia», la conciencia moral y la conciencia secular fenomenológico, para establecer una progresión de los dos sentidos hasta que se funden al final de la segunda novela para reflejar el estado de Oleza, una ciudad que mantiene sus tradiciones católicas al mismo tiempo que se va modernizando por medio del ferrocarril recién construido. Para rastrear esta progresión se recurre a conceptos del existencialismo de Jean Paul Sartre como el Otro, la mirada y la mala fe.
Effects of Repeated Administration of Dithiol Chelating Agent - Sodium 2,3-Dimercapto-1-propanesulphonate (DMPS) - On Biochemical and Haematological Parameters in Rabbits
Authors: Geršl Vladimír , Hrdina Radomír , Vávrová Jaroslava , Holečková Magdalena , Palička Vladimír , Voglová Jaroslava , Mazurová Yvona , Bajgar Jiří
Published: December 2020

The effects of weekly intravenously administered a dithiol chelating agent - sodium 2,3-dimercaptopropanesulphonate (DMPS) - in a single dose of 50 mg/kg/week for 10 weeks on biochemical and haematological parameters were studied in rabbits. DMPS was well tolerated, an increase in body weight was similar in the DMPS-treated and control animals. DMPS caused significant decrease in plasma calcium and vitamin E concentrations at the end of the experiment. No significant differences in haematological parameters between the DMPS and control groups were observed. A significant decrease in magnesium content in myocardial tissue was observed in the DMPS-treated rabbits. The above-mentioned biochemical changes should be taken into account in studies of possible chelating and radical scavenging effects of DMPS in various pathological conditions.
Use of Rating of Perceived Exertion–Based Training Load in Elite Ice Hockey Training and Match-Play
Authors: Rago Vincenzo , Vigh-Larsen Jeppe F. , Deylami Kasper , Muschinsky Adrian , Mohr Magni
Published: December 2020

Rago, V, Vigh-Larsen, JF, Deylami, K, Muschinsky, A, and Mohr, M. Use of rating of perceived exertion–based training load in elite ice hockey training and match-play. J Strength Cond Res 36(10): 2837–2843, 2022—Training load (TL) based on the subjective rating of perceived exertion (RPE) may be a useful athlete monitoring alternative when wearable technology is unavailable. The aim of this study was to examine the validity of RPE-based TL monitoring in elite ice hockey. A male ice hockey team (n = 18) was monitored using a 200-Hz accelerometer, heart rate (HR) and RPE (0–10 scale), throughout a 4-week competitive period (n = 309 individual observations). Session-RPE (RPE × duration) averaged 244.8 ± 135.2 and 728.6 ± 150.9 arbitrary units (AU) during practice sessions and during official games, respectively. The smallest worthwhile change was 19.8 AU. Within-individual correlations between session-RPE and total accelerations >0.5 m·s−2 (Acctot), accelerations >2 m·s−2 (Acc2), total decelerations >−0.5 m·s−2 (Dectot), decelerations < −2 m·s−2 (Dec2), time > 85% maximum HR, Edwards' TL, and modified training impulse were very large (r = 0.70–0.89; p < 0.001). In addition, correlations between RPE and measures of exercise intensity (Acctot per min, Acc2 per min, Dectot per min, mean HR, and peak HR) were small (r = 0.02–0.29; p < 0.05) except for Dec2 being unclear (p = 0.686). Differences in intensity parameters between RPE range (easy to very hard, 2–7 AU) were small (r = 0.22–0.31; p < 0.05). The session-RPE method can be used as a global indicator of TL in ice hockey. Specific ranges of time-motion and HR intensity variables can be demarcated between RPE categories (easy to very hard; 2–7 AU). Accounting for training volume (session-RPE) more accurately reflects objective methods of TL based on accelerative efforts and HR, than the RPE score (based on the perception of the intensity).
Parents ethanol use impairs ethanol-naive offspring development and reproduction
Authors: Fioravante Vanessa Caroline , Godoi Alana Rezende , Camargo Victória Mokarzel de Barros , do Nascimento Renata Steffany , Pinheiro Patricia Fernanda Felipe , Martinez Francisco Eduardo
Published: December 2020

Parental ethanol consumption can influence the offspring phenotype. In this way, we analyzed the impairments of maternal and paternal high ethanol consumption during postpuberty on the physical development, feeding pattern, puberty onset and reproductive function of ethanol-naive offspring to birth to adulthood. Female and male UChB rats (voluntary 10%, v/v ethanol consumer) were divided into a control group (C) and an ethanol exposed group (E) from 65 to 80 days of age. The C and E were mated at 100 days. The maternal parameters and offspring development and reproduction parameters were monitored. We observed reduced feeding intake and body weight in the dams of E group throughout gestation and lactation period. Delay in physical development, lower body weight and altered feeding pattern were observed in female and male offspring of E group. In addition, the puberty onset was delayed in both sexes, with lower testosterone levels in the juvenile and pubertal males. There was a prolongation on the estrous and proestrus phases in females from E but the estrous cycle duration did not change between groups. Ovary and uterus weight were reduced in pubertal and adult females from E group. Reduced epididymis and seminal vesicle weight, increased sperm abnormalities, decrease in the daily sperm production and accelerated epididymal transit time were observed in E males. The high maternal and paternal ethanol use on postpuberty impairs the parameters of ethanol-naive offspring inducing alteration on development and reproduction.
Sosyodemografik Faktörlerin Dental Kaygı ve Dental Korku Üzerine Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: EMİN OGLOU Selma , SAVAŞ Selçuk , KÜÇÜKYILMAZ Ebru
Published: December 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, çocuk diş hekimliği bölümüne başvuran çocuklarda dental kaygı
ve dental korkunun sosyodemografik faktörler ile ilişkisinin belirlenmesi
amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: 6-12
yaş grubu toplam 350 çocuk hastadan, Dental Korku Skalası (DKS) ve Modifiye
Dental Anksiyete Skalası (M-DAS) ile yaş, cinsiyet, ebeveynlerin sosyo-ekonomik
durumu ve eğitim düzeyleri, diş fırçalama alışkanlığı, diş hekimi
ziyaretlerinin sıklığı ile ilgili sorulardan oluşan anketi cevaplamaları
istendi. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular Pearson ki-kare testi ile analiz
edildi (α= 0.05).Bulgular: Çocuk hastaların DKS skorlarının
19-72 arasında değişmekte olduğu ve 2
hastanın aşırı yüksek dental kaygılı, 20 hastanın yüksek dental kaygılı, 111
hastanın ılımlı kaygılı ve 217 hastanın düşük dental kaygılı olduğu tespit
edildi (p<0.00). M-DAS skorlarının ise 5-25 arasında değiştiği ve
342 hastada düşük kaygı seviyesinin gözlendiği ve 8 hastanın yüksek kaygı seviyesine
sahip olduğu tespit edildi (p<0.013). DKS ve M-DAS'a göre dental korku ve dental kaygı düzeyi ile yaş
arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark görüldü (DKS; (p<0.00), M-DAS; (p<0.013)). Diş hekimi korku düzeyi
ile cinsiyet, diş fırçalama alışkanlığı, diş hekimine gitme sıklığı, velinin
sosyoekonomik durum/eğitim düzeyi arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir
fark görülmedi. Benzer şekilde aynı faktörler ile M-DAS
arasında da fark tespit edilmedi (p>0.05).Sonuçlar: Çalışmanın bulgularına göre; çocuk hastalarda yaş azaldıkça diş hekimi
korku ve kaygısı artmaktadır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Çocuk, Dental
Kaygı, Dental Korku
İskeletsel sınıf III maloklüzyonlu ortognatik cerrahi hastalarında sefalometrik değişimlerin yaşam kalitesinin ve postoperatif memnuniyetin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: VURAL Ahmet , İLERİ Zehra , AKIN Mehmet
Published: December 2020

Amaç: Çalışmamızın amacı; sınıf III maloklüzyona sahip ortognatik cerrahi hastalarında sefalometrik filmler üzerinde sert ve yumuşak doku değişimlerinin incelenmesi, ortognatik cerrahi sonrası yaşam kalitesinin ve cerrahi sonrası hasta memnuniyetinin değerlendirilmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: İskeletsel sınıf III maloklüzyona sahip ortognatik cerrahi prosedür geçirmiş 48 birey geçirdikleri cerrahi operasyona göre 2 gruba ayrılmıştır. Tek çene cerrahi operasyonu geçiren 14 birey (ortalama yaş 23,90) bilateral sagital split ramus osteotomisi operasyonu geçirmiştir. Çift çene cerrahi operasyonu geçiren 34 birey alt çene için bilateral sagital split ramus osteotomisi operasyonu üst çene için Le Fort I osteotomisi operasyonu geçirmiştir. Hastaların başlangıç ve bitim lateral sefalometrik röntgenleri dijital ortamda çizilmiştir. Postoperatif hasta memnuniyeti anketi (PSPSQ) ve oral sağlık etki profili (OHIP-14) anketleri ortalama 23,54 ay sonra (min 7ay, max 24 ay) hastalara uygulanmıştır. Sefalometrik ölçümlerin ve hasta memnuniyeti anketlerinin korelasyonu değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Sınıf III maloklüzyona sahip ortognatik cerrahi hastalarında her iki ankette ve her iki grupta yüksek memnuniyet skorları görülmektedir. Tek ve çift çene cerrahisi grubu hastalarında psikolojik rahatsızlıklar ile ilgili sorular haricinde farklılık bulunmamaktadır.
Sonuç: Çalışmamız sonucunda hastaların büyük çoğunluğunun ortognatik cerrahi sonrasında yaşam kalitelerinden ve cerrahinin estetik fonksiyonel ve psikolojik sonuçlarından memnun kaldıkları görülmüştür.
DEVELOPMENT OF LEGAL REGULATION OF CONCESSION IN THE FIELD OF WASTE MANAGEMENT
Authors:   State Organization “V. Mamutov Institute of Economic and Legal Research of NAS of Ukraine”, Kyiv, Ukraine, Trehub О.A.
Published: December 2020

The article considers the peculiarities of legal regulation of concession relations in field of waste management in the context of the new Law of Ukraine «On Concession». The main purpose of this paper is to substantiate proposals for the development of the above-mentioned legal regulation. The paper offers to establish special performance indicators, the achievement of which will determine the amount of fee for the operational readiness of waste facility (paid to concessionaire by public partner). Such indicators are increase in volume of separate collection and recycling of waste, reducing volume of biodegradable waste disposal, as well as non-pretreated household waste disposal. The procedure for analyzing the effectiveness of public-private partnership in the form of a concession is specified, taking into account the principles of waste hierarchy, self-sufficiency and proximity. The waste hierarchy will allow a fuller assessment of the environmental, resource, energy, social and other efficiencies of potential concession projects. The principle of proximity can be an important criterion for determining the optimal location of waste facility to be built by concessionaire. It is proposed to approve model concession agreements for the construction and management of waste facilities. By analogy with model lease agreements of state property, all conditions established by model concession agreements for the construction and management of waste facilities it is advisable to divide into changeable (recommended) and unchangeable (mandatory). It is argued the direct inclusion of waste legislation in the legislation, which is not subject to the guarantees of the rights of concessionaire.
PROBLEMS OF ENERGY SAVING IN APARTMENT BUILDINGS: ECONOMIC AND LEGAL ASPECT
Authors:   Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University, Zhytomyr, Ukraine, Akhromkin Ye.M. , Zablodska I.V. ,   Luhansk branch of State Organization “V. Mamutov Institute of Economic and Legal Research of NAS of Ukraine”, Sievierodonetsk, Ukraine, Akhromkin A.O. ,   PJSC “Rivneoblenerho”, Rivne, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The article highlights the results of a study of the economic and legal aspects of energy saving in associations of co-owners of apartment buildings in Ukraine. It is determined that a large number of apartment buildings inhabitants have already taken advantage of borrowing funds for energy modernization of their homes. The article presents the classification of the main losses of electricity and states that along with the term “losses of electricity”, the term “losses of electricity in electrical networks during its transportation” and “technological losses of electricity” are widely used. Modern electricity losses also include direct thefts of electricity, which are caused by deliberate changes in the circuits of measuring transformers of current, voltage, measuring circuits and electricity meters, as well as data changes in information systems for distortion. It is noted that in recent years the legislative framework of Ukraine has significantly improved, a large number of modern regulations have been developed to stimulate increased conscious electricity consumption by setting clear limits on the responsibility of businesses for the operation of their own utilities (including electricity) by establishing instrumental control on the border of balance ownership of objects. Such changes in the legislative field are dictated by the reorientation of Ukraine to European norms of thinking and management standards, the main message of which is the economic stimulation of the development of the energy sector. The considered normative legal acts regulating the issue of installation of general household commercial electricity meters allowed to come to the conclusion that the state, with the help of the National Commission for State Regulation of Energy and Utilities, consciously takes into account future electricity losses in tariffs for service distribution (transmission) of electricity. This approach is unacceptable due to the violation of the principle of fairness and efficiency. The article emphasizes that energy saving should become not just a priority for Ukraine, but one of the main goals on the way to building the country's economy.
NOMINATA DOS AVALIADORES DA TEOCOMUNICAÇÃO 2020
Authors: Equipe Editorial Teocomunicação
Published: December 2020

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SMART HORNBEAM STANDS (CARPINUS BETULUS L.) FROM THE WEST PLAIN
Authors: Dincă Lucian , Breabăn Iuliana Gabriela
Published: December 2020

Hornbeam is a forest tree species widespread in our country’s plain and hill areas. Hornbeam forests can also be found in the West Plain and can be classified as smart forests. This concept, used during the last decade in worldwide silviculture, involves the existence of forests with an exceptional ecologic purpose. The present article intends to establish a set of clear and easy to identify and catalogue criteria that can be used to recognize smart hornbeam forests from the West Plain together with their characteristics. In order to achieve this, 14 site and stand characteristics were established, each with five evaluation classes. Smart hornbeam stands from the West Plain are distributed especially in Lunca Timisului, Oradea and Timisoara forest districts, at altitudes of 90-100 meters, on preluvisol and eutric cambisol. In addition, they are also present in forest plain station and in meadows, being characterised by relatively even-aged and relatively uneven-aged structures, ages between 60-70 years and by conservation forests and seed reservations production subunits.
CLIMATE SEASONALITY AND ITS RELEVANCE FOR SOIL EROSION DURING SUMMER IN EXTRA-CARPATHIAN MOLDOVA
Authors: Mega Mădălina , Damian Andreea-Diana
Published: December 2020

Rainfall erosivity is one of the most important topics, linking geomorphological and climatological studies. Rainwater plays an important role in triggering soil erosion. Thus, the impact of raindrops during significant torrential episodes causes the destabilization of soil aggregates and leads to erosion. Romania is a country where dry periods alternate with the rainy ones and studying rainfall erosivity is essential due to its importance for agriculture. The highest intensity of erosion occurs during violent rainfall episodes in the summer months, this being triggered by the energy of the torrential rains, but also by the liquid runoff. The extra-Carpathian Moldova is located in the northeastern and eastern part of Romania. In this study, The Suceava Plateau, The Moldavian Plain, The Moldavian Subcarpathians and The Bârlad Plateau were considered as part of the extra-Carpathian Moldova. Four indices were used to assess the climate seasonality on a general level with focus on the summer climate conditions: De Martonne Aridity Index (IdM), Lang Factor (L), Precipitation Concentration Index (PCI) and Angot Index (K). Our results indicate moderate seasonality in precipitation concentration along the year which underlines that the region cannot be considered climaticaly prone to massive soil erosion induced by rainfall erosivity.
A case study of a loaded rectangular resonator with circular holes under the cavity perturbation theory
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Zeyde K. M.
Published: December 2020

In this paper, a detailed description of a case study carried out for a specific electrodynamic system is given: a rectangular resonator made on a section of the WR90 waveguide, excited by a diaphragm and loaded onto round holes cut in its narrow wall. Considered structure has a certain practical significance, especially within the limits of restoring the electrophysical parameters of the samples placed in the cavity of the resonator by through holes. Thus, this case study, among other things, touches upon the main provisions of the resonator’s cavity perturbation method. The considered device was studied both in the natural experiment installation and in the process of model studies, which were carried out in various eigenfrequencies and eigenmodes numerical solvers for an electrodynamic system. The article provides a full description of the structure under consideration, its practical significance; the study of the waveguide inner surface roughness influence on the main parameters of the resonator is given; describes the technique for the experimental determination of the resonator Q-factor from the circuit haracteristics. An algorithm for the loaded resonator Q-factor calculating is proposed and experimentally verified. Additionally, the specific situation of inserting a cylindrical perturbation into the cavity of the resonator is considered. We provide the value of the sample shape factor, and outline the applicability boundaries of the perturbation method in this case study.
El algoritmo de YouTube y la desinformación sobre vacunas durante la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors:   Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales de la UNAM México, SUED Gabriela
Published: December 2020

Este trabajo estudia la desinformación sobre vacunas en la plataforma YouTube durante la pandemia de COVID-19. En particular aborda las conexiones entre información y desinformación, y la incidencia del algoritmo de recomendación sobre la visibilidad de contenidos antivacunas. Su diseño metodológico combina la exploración de la plataforma con la extracción de datos de la API de YouTube. Los hallazgos permiten concluir que los contenidos desinformativos sobre vacunación en español forman una cámara de eco. Es posible llegar a ellos desde búsquedas de información sobre vacunas, pero la inversa, no se llega a contenidos informativos sobre vacunas desde búsqueda de contenidos antivacunas.
Desafíos, perspectivas y papel de la mujer en la generación del conocimiento científico de Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad UTE, LEONE Paola , PAZ-Y-MIÑO César ,   Universidad UTE
Published: December 2020

Los pilares fundamentales de la ciencia son la investigación científica, la tecnología y la innovación (C+T+I). Sin el desarrollo de cada uno de estos aspectos, los resultados y aportes científicos de un país se ven limitados. En Ecuador la realidad es muy compleja. No solo el financiamiento es escaso, sino que no está alineado a las líneas vigentes de investigación y especialidad de los investigadores, acompañado del incumplimiento de las políticas y ofrecimientos estatales. En este entorno la participación de la mujer podría encontrar limitantes. Aun así, podemos constatar que el nivel e impacto de las publicaciones entre géneros se encuentran balanceadas. Debemos fortalecer a la ciencia en el Ecuador para ubicarnos en los niveles de otros países.
Officeholding and Local Politics in Early Modern Wales: A Study of the Salesburys of Rhug and Bachymbyd, c. 1536–1621
Authors: Jarrett Sadie
Published: December 2020

Officeholding was a defining ascpect of early modern Welsh gentility and was more prominent in upholding the status and authority of the Welsh gentry than it was for their English counterparts. Using a case study of the Salesburys of Rhug and Bachymbyd, this article analyses the importance
of officeholding to the Welsh gentry after the Acts of Union (1536 and 1543). It finds that the Salesburys were effective local administrators who understood how to use officeholding to enhance their status in their community. At the same time, the family were not isolated in the localities
and they continually engaged with the agents of central government.