ANALISIS AGRIBISNIS JERUK MANIS (Citrus sp) DI DESA MEREK, KECAMATAN MEREK, KABUPATEN KARO
Authors: Saragih Wilmar , Lubis A. Effendi , Meidy Rahayu  
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui (1) ketersedian input usahatani Jeruk Manis, (2) besarnya pendapatan yang di peroleh petani dari usahatani Jeruk Manis, (3) pengaruh biaya benih, biaya jenis pupuk, biaya pestisida, biaya tenaga kerja, dan luas lahan terhadap pendapatan usahatani Jeruk Manis, (4) saluran pemasaran Jeruk Manis, dan (5) lembaga pendukung dalam sistem agribisnis Jeruk Manis. Daerah penelitian ditentukan secara purposive sampling di Desa Merek, Kecamatan Merek, Kabupaten Karo yang dilaksanakan pada bulan April-Juli 2019. Alasan memilih daerah tersebut karena mayoritas penduduknya mengusahakan tanaman Jeruk Manis. Metode penarikan sampel dilakukan dengan cara Simple ranom sampling (acak sederhana) yaitu petani yang mengusahakan tanaman jeruk sepanjang tahun sebanyak 33 sampel dan sampel pedagang ditentukan dengan metode penelusuran yaitu menelusuri semua pedagang yang terlibat dalam proses pemasaran jeruk manis.                 Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketersediaan input jeruk manis yang terdiri dari bibit, pupuk, dan pestisida bersifat available. Hanya saja bibit kurang tersedia dimana sebagian petani menyatakan sulit memperoleh bibit Jeruk Manis. Pendapatan usahatani jeruk manis di daerah peneltian tergolong tinggi. Biaya benih, biaya pupuk, biaya pestisida dan biaya tenaga kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pendapatan petani jeruk manis di daerah penelitian. Terdapat perbedaan margin pemasaran, price spread, share margin tiap saluran pemasaran jeruk manis di daerah penelitian. Lembaga pendukung agribisnis jeruk manis di Desa Merek terdiri atas pemerintah dan lembaga penyuluh pertanian.
 ABSTRACT
The research objective is to determine (1) the availability of Sweet Orange Farming input, (2) the amount of income earned by farmers from Sweet Orange Farming, (3) the effect of seed costs, fertilizer type costs, pesticide costs, labor costs, and land area to Jeruk Manis farm income, (4) Sweet Orange marketing channels, and (5) supporting institutions in the Sweet Orange agribusiness system.The study area was determined by purposive sampling in the village of Merek, District of Merk, Karo District which was conducted in April-July 2019. The reason for choosing the area is because the majority of the population is cultivating the Sweet Orange plant. The sampling method is carried out by means of simple ranom sampling (simple random) ie farmers who cultivate citrus plants throughout the year as many as 33 samples and samples of traders determined by the search method that traces all traders involved in the marketing process of sweet orange.The results showed that the availability of sweet orange input consisting of seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides was available. It's just that seeds are not available where some farmers said it was difficult to get Sweet Orange seeds. Sweet orange farming income in the research area is high. Seed costs, fertilizer costs, pesticide costs and labor costs have a significant effect on the income of sweet orange farmers in the study area. There are differences in marketing margins, price spread, share margins of each sweet orange marketing channel in the study area. The supporting institutions for sweet orange agribusiness in the Brand Village consist of the government and agricultural extension institutions.