DEVELOPMENT OF EXTREME TOURISM WITHIN PODILLIAN TOVTRY
Authors: Kiziun A. 
Published: January 2021

The problems and the ways of extreme tourism development in the flat conditions of the territory of Ukraine are substantiated and considered in the article. Podillia is taken as the model region, and within its boundaries, the unique natural object is Podillian Tovtry. It is noted that in the modern tourist and recreational sphere of Ukraine, especially in some of its regions, extreme tourism is spontaneously but actively developing. This also applies to the flat (95% of the territory) part of Ukraine, where extreme tourism is not traditional. At the end of the XX and beginning of the XXI century, extreme tourism was started by people of different age categories, so the justification of opportunities and prospects for the development of different types of extreme tourism in individual regions and their natural sites is relevant. The development of certain types of extreme tourism in accordance with suitable natural, natural, anthropogenic, and anthropogenic landscape complexes is substantiated for Podillian Tovtry. The Podillian Tovtry is a natural object of world importance, with no analogues in Europe, but with external geological features, they are somewhat similar to rocky ridges in the United Kingdom and the United States. Podillian Tovtry is an example of forming a unique natural structure; the necessary conditions are formed not only for the development of unique Tovtry landscape complexes but also the possibility of development of various types of extreme tourism on their basis. The nature and landscapes’ of the Podillian Tovtry analysis shows that there are necessary and sufficient natural conditions and resources for the active development of extreme tourism. The uniqueness of nature and landscapes, the presence of the necessary characteristics of natural components are included in the natural properties for the development of extreme types of tourism. The main ridge, lateral towers, and especially the sections of the Podillian Tovtry where their rivers are cut, are the suitable territories for the active development of such kinds of extreme tourism as rock climbing, especially for children and youth mountaineering, delta paragliding, ballooning, (these types of tourism are being developed in Smotrych Canyon, which is a picturesque work of nature, where the Silurian history is reflected on its vertical walls), for the elderly – hiking, biking, and equestrian tourism; the presence of karst formations – speleotourism, rivers with rapids – rafting, kayaking and more. To the anthropogenic – the presence of mining, industrial, water, and beliberative landscape complexes suggested ways of their modern and future development with the purpose of organized development of various types of extreme tourism. Within these anthropogenic landscapes, it is possible and appropriate to develop the same extreme types of tourism as in natural (rock climbing, paragliding – mining; diving – water-anthropogenic, equestrian, bicycle, mototourism – road, beligerotourism). It is noted that further exploration of natural conditions and resources not only of Podillian Tovtry, but also of Kremenetski Mountains, Podillian Prydnisteria, and Middle Pobuzhia will give an opportunity to significantly build a tourist and recreational sphere within the boundaries of Podillia, taking into account extreme tourism. So far, the development of extreme tourism within Podillia is going on spontaneously and needs a more detailed justification of the real directions of its formation.