bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Degree of Application of School Principals’ Management by Objectives and Its Impact on Self-Efficacy of Teachers from Their Point of View - An Empirical Study on the public schools in Amman-: درجة تطبيق مديري المدارس للإدارة بالأهداف وأثرها على فاعلية الذات لدى المعلمين من وجهة نظرهم -دراسة تطبيقية على المدارس الحكومية في العاصمة عمان-
Authors: Oba Talal Abu Hamda
Published: May 2021

The study aimed to identify the degree of application of school principals’ management by objectives in public schools in the capital, Amman, and its impact on self-efficacy of teachers from their point of view. The questionnaire was used as a tool to collect data, Correlative approach was used. The study sample consisted of (394) of teachers in the Kasbah of Amman. The results of the study showed that the degree of application of school principals’ management by objectives in government schools in the capital, Amman from teachers' point of view was high. Furthermore, the degree of self-efficacy of teachers in public schools in the capital Amman from their point of view was moderate. The study recommended that the school principal should develop a plan for the objectives and identify the different strategies and modern methods that help in achieving these goals.
How Gaming Applications of CALL influence inputs of English Grammar: كيف تؤثر تطبيقات ألعاب الكمبيوتر المساعدة في تعليم اللغة على مدخلات قواعد اللغة الإنجليزية
Authors: Atif Obaid M Alsuhaymi
Published: May 2021

The present study aims to research the influences of games through Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) compared to Teacher-Centered Instruction (TCI) on teenagers' achievement in English language education in Saudi Arabia. Two groups of students tested, before and after instruction, so to determine success of the application of pedagogies. The full sample consisted of 22 teenagers, divided randomly, into two equal groups. The first group was the control (TDI) group, which used a school textbook. The second group was the experimental group (CALL), which given a CALL application, based on the game ‘Kahoot.’ Two types of tests were conducted, a pre-test and a post-test, at each of two periods for each group. The pre-test administered before instruction, and the post-test taken after the instructional period. Findings indicate that both groups increased their proficiencies with English object pronouns. However, performance on the post-test by the experimental (CALL) group significantly exceeded that of the control (TCI) group.
Impact of Using Pictures on English Vocabulary Retention and Recall by Primary Stage Learners in Al-Mikhwah Province
Authors: Omar Haydar Mohsen Alsuhaymi
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to discover the impact of using pictures on English vocabulary retention and recall by primary stage students. The participants of this study included thirty-six male students with an average age of 11 from an elementary school in Al-Mikhwah province, Saudi Arabia. They were randomly divided into two homogenous groups: a semi-experimental group which was taught the target words with visual aids, using pictures, and a control group which was taught the target words traditionally through translation. Both groups were taught thirty English words during two sessions. All participants did a preliminary test before the treatment to assign the target words to be taught in the sessions. They also did three similar tests: a pre-test to make sure that the two groups are homogenous, and two post-tests, immediate and delayed, to measure participants' ability of vocabulary retention and recall immediately after the treatment and after two weeks from the treatment. The results revealed that the semi-experimental group participants scored higher marks than the control group participants in both the immediate and delayed post-tests. That is, English vocabulary meanings can be recalled better when they are taught by using pictures rather than by translation method. According to these results, the researcher recommends that pictures should be exploited by teachers in teaching vocabulary for primary stage learners.
Arabic language and knowledge society between reality and challenges as seen by Arabic language teachers in Makkah: اللغة العربية ومجتمع المعرفة بين الواقع والتحديات كما يراها معلمو اللغة العربية بمكة المكرمة
Authors: S.Suliman Twaij  , Hanim Al - Assi
Published: May 2021

The aim of the study is to know the reality of the Arabic language in the society of knowledge and stand on the challenges facing the Arab language in the Knowledge Society; from the point of view of the teachers in the Arabic language? And proposed solutions to meet the challenges of the Arabic language in the knowledge society In order to achieve the objectives of the study the two researchers use the descriptive approach, and then the application of the study tool (Resolution) on the Arabic language and Islamic education teachers, and study sample was 120 teachers, and the study's results revealed that: The Knowledge Society has a significant negative impact on the Arabic language, as it exposed to jamming, marginalization, and displacement factors under the education society The most important challenges facing the Arabic language in the knowledge society is (cultural alienation, the professionalism of the workers of the knowledge society of Arabic language, electronic administration, computer follow-up, modification of curricula for the benefit of the English language). One of the most important ways to face those challenges (development of the Arabic language, the dissemination of the belonging culture, the dissemination of the self-learning culture and the use of modern technologies, Arabization and translation) In the light of the study results, the two researchers made recommendations and proposals the most important of which are: Working on applying the solutions proposed by researchers. Take benefit from the latest developments of modern technical means which contribute to help and develop skills of the Arabic language. making studies about the repercussions of the networks of social communication on the Arabic language. Making studies about the effects of foreign education on the Arabic language.
A proposed concept based on the viewpoint of education experts for the development of secondary education in Iraq: تصورٌ مقترحٌ لتطويرِ التعليمِ الثانوي في العراقِ منْ وجهةِ نظرِ خبراءِ التربيةِ والتعليمِ
Authors: Majid Ayoub Mahmood
Published: May 2021

The aim of this research is to present a proposed concept based on the viewpoint of education experts for the development of secondary education in Iraq. The researcher sought to get acquainted with its reality and identify the problems which faces. The descriptive analytical methodology had been used, where the research tool as a questionnaire consisted of (30) items distributed in five areas: school buildings and equipment, curriculum and teaching methods, teaching staff preparation and training, evaluation and exams, and students. The research questionnaire sample consisted of a group of experts who were chosen intentionally, amounting to (50) experts. Those who were of scientific positions, experts in secondary education and those who practiced education and supervision in the secondary schools and university levels, for a period of nearly (40) years. Moreover, their experiences were in various universities and governorates. The results of the research revealed that the mathematical averages at the device field reached (4.32), at the level of buildings and educational equipment reached (4.35), the field of curriculum and teaching methods as well as the field of teachers (4.41), meanwhile the field of evaluation and exams reached (4.35) and the field of students got (4.12). Based on these obtained results, this perception concept has been proposed for the development of secondary education in Iraq. The researcher suggested conducting other studies to benefit from the experiences of countries that fought similar recent wars, to show how to overcome their crises. Finally, the researcher recommended applying the proposed methodology on the teacher’s side, first of all being the cornerstone of the educational process.
THE EXTENT TO WHICH THE JORDANIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS POSSESS DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP SKILLS: مدى امتلاك طلبة الجامعات الأردنية الحكومية لمهارات المواطنة الرقمية
Authors: Khawla Rasmi Al-Rashed
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to reveal the degree to which the Jordanian university students possess digital citizenship skills through the selected set of variables: (gender, type of the college, the university, the academic year- level).Using a descriptive analytical method, a (45) item questioner was developed divided into three categories. The first, digital responsibility skills. The second, digital skills and the third, digital safety skills. The sample consisted of (5200) students, who were randomly selected form (6) universities. Results indicated that the degree of possessing digital skills was high. Whereas possessing the digital safety and digital responsibility skills was moderate. The study indicated that there were no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (α = 0.05) between the mean responses of the respondents according to different variables (sex, college and school year), while it pointed out that there are differences according to variable difference (University) between the University of Jordan and Mu'tah University in favor of University of Jordan.
The Degree of The Practice Of Learning and Education Managers In Zarqa Governorate In Jordan For AdminiThe Degree of Tstrative Competencies and Their Relation To The Administrative Creativity Of Heads Of Administrative Departments From Their Point Of View
Authors: Radi Abdulla Ahmed Gharaibeh
Published: May 2021

The study aimed to reveal the degree of practice of the directors of learning and education in Zarqa Governorate in Jordan for the administrative competencies and their relation to the administrative creativity of the heads of the administrative departments from their point of view. The researcher used the analytical descriptive method. In order to achieve the objective of the study, A random sample of (274) heads of administrative departments from the directorates of education and education in Zarqa Governorate. The results showed that the degree of practicing the education and education managers in Zarqa governorate for administrative competencies is high and with an average of(3.96). (3.94), technological competency (3.92), all with high grade. The level of administrative creativity among heads of departments is high (3.94), as indicated The existence of a strong correlation relationship (0.82) between the degree of practice of education and education managers of administrative competencies and administrative creativity of heads of administrative departments. In the light of the results, a number of recommendations and proposals were presented to raise the level of administrative competencies among the directors of education and administrative creativity in the heads of departments.
"Dimensions and Components of Job Satisfaction in the Public Authority for Applied Education "Analytical Study: أبعاد ومكونات الرضا الوظيفى لدى العاملين فى الهيئة العامة للتعليم التطبيقى "دراسة تحليلة توصيفية"
Authors: Maha Mohammed Al - Rakhis
Published: May 2021

The study aimed to identify the dimensions of the components of job satisfaction among workers at the Public Authority for Applied Education through three hypotheses and relying on the descriptive analytical method theoretical literature in this area, where it was found from the results of the study and based on the study and analysis of the literature addressed the subject of a relationship between job satisfaction for workers public Authority for Applied Education in Kuwait and components and the dimensions of the organizational Albih incentives Madaah and moral tasks and responsibilities for employees Moklolh the public Authority for Applied Education in Kuwait and proven research hypotheses.
Arabic and Islamic influences in modern Malaysian literature
Authors: Rosny Ben Sama - Badr Al-Munir Bin Mohammed Nour - Wan Azora
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to reveal the influences of Arabic and Islamic in the personality of Malaysian writers and their literary creations influenced by Arabic literature. The study was based on the comparative approach of the French school in comparative literature on the existence of the conditions of influence and influence among the studied literature. The study deals with the Arab and Islamic influences in the personality of Sheikh Mohamed Zine El Abidine Al Aiderous, who performed the poetry of the Prophetic Poetry, and Sheikh El Sayed Al-Hadi, who created the novel from the impact of Zeinab's novel and Alawi Al-Hadi. Arabic is a channel of communication between Arab and Malaysian writers. Through this language influenced Malaysian literature with some Arab and Islamic influences, where the Malaysian writers learned the Arabic language and read the art of Arabic literature, and then created in a new dress. One of the most prominent findings was that these three writers were influenced by Arabic literature. And the impact of the impact of the emergence of the poetry of the Malaysian prophetic influences of the impact of cold and Mahazip, and the emergence of the first Malaysian novel of the impact of the impact of the novel Zaynab, and the birth of the play Tariq ibn Ziad impact of the impact of the story of Fatah al-Andalus. Perhaps the study opens the comparative areas between the literature to readers.
The degree to which logical thinking skills are included in national education books for grades (eighth, ninth and tenth) for the basic stage in Jordan: درجة تضمين مهارات التفكير المنطقي في كتب التربية الوطنية للصفوف (الثامن، التاسع، العاشر) للمرحلة الأساسية في الأردن
Authors: Zahia Mansour Basheer Basyouni
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to reveal the degree of inclusion of logical thinking skills in the national education books in Jordan, by analyzing the content of these books and the study used the descriptive approach. The tool was to build a list of logical thinking skills, which included five skills, It was applied to a sample of national education books, they numbered (three books). With the statistical treatment of data, the results of the study revealed the availability of logical thinking skills in varying degrees in the national education books for grades (eighth, ninth and tenth) for the basic stage in Jordan, where the skill (conclusion) came at a high rate, and the skill (disclosure of fallacies) came at an average rate, The other skills came in low proportions in a row (comparison, arrangement, classification), and the results showed that the national education book for the ninth grade has occupied the first rank in the total number of iterations (434) repetitively, as the share of the ninth basic book reached (154) repetitions, and After him came the eighth book Asa C as it reached (142) repetitions, and came in the third and final rank of the tenth grade basic book as it reached (138) repetitions, and the study recommended conducting more studies to identify the logical thinking skills in books and other academic stages.
Analysis of the questions of the Arabic language book for Grade 12 in Jordan in the light of Bloom's classification of cognitive objective: تحليل أسئلة كتاب اللغة العربية للصف الثاني عشر في الأردن في ضوء تصنيف بلوم للأهداف المعرفية
Authors: Saad Lwyen Al- Sibieh
Published: May 2021

The objective of the current study is to analyze the content of the 12th grade Arabic language book questions in Jordan in the light of Bloom's classification of cognitive objectives in order to reveal the cognitive levels measured by the questions of the Arabic language book for Grade 12 in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and the percentage obtained by each level Of these levels. The researcher used the descriptive method. The tool consisted of constructing a special card to analyze the questions of the 12th grade Arabic language book. The analysis form included information including the title of the book, the official issuing authority, the edition and the year of publication. The analysis form was divided into four sections. The first consisted of units, the second included the lessons, the third contained the number of questions as they appeared in the textbook, and the fourth included the levels of knowledge. The researcher analyzed the questions of the Arabic language subject of the study in the light of a special questionnaire that included the six levels of Bloom's classification (recall, understanding, comprehension, application, analysis, composition, evaluation). To ensure that the analysis was consistent, three arbitrators were chosen to perform the same analysis on the search form. The study found that 558 questions in the Arabic language book were the percentage of questions that measure information recall (25%). The questions that measure students' understanding of the content (36%), (9%), while the questions that require the student to obtain a new item were (5%), while the evaluation and judgment questions were (8%). Results A number of recommendations were made.
Content Analysis of Diagrams in Primary Science Textbooks in Saudi Arabia: تحليل محتوى كتب العلوم بالمرحلة الابتدائية في المملكة العربية السعودية في ضوء الرسوم التوضيحية
Authors: Sawsan Nasser Al-Ahmadi, Samar Sulaiman Al-Raddadi, Amjad Mo
Published: May 2021

The present study aimed to determine the degree of diagrams inclusion in primary Science Textbooks in Saudi Arabia. Based on Hegarty, Carpenter and Just (1996) diagrammatic typology. Diagrams coded as (iconic diagrams, schematic diagrams, charts and graphs). The descriptive analytical approach was used in order to achieve the study goal. The sample of the study consisted of all science textbooks (12) in the primary stage for the year (2019). The results showed that the distribution of the diagrams type as follows: Iconic diagrams (89%), Schematic diagrams (10.4%), Charts and graphs (0.47%). In the light of the results, more attention is recommended toward diagrams in primary science textbooks.
Training Needs of Science Teachers for the Intermediate Stage Under the Vision of 2030
Authors: Samar Sulaiman Al-Raddadi
Published: May 2021

The research aim is to determine the training needs and its stages for intermediate science teachers under the vision of 2030 from Medina's supervisors and teachers point of view, and to show the effect of the changes depends on the qualification-experience and the amount of the educational courses according to the descriptive method and using a questionnaire that included four aspects: knowledge, performance, using technology and life skills. This was confirmed by arbitrators and the Pearson correlation and ensure its stability by Kronbach Alpha. This was applied on a sample of (6) supervisors of science and (51) science teachers were selected in a comprehensive manner way during the second semester of 1439 \ 1440 H year. The result of the research was according to the supervisors 'and teachers' assessment to the needs to an extreme training to all the areas. In the following order (Knowledge, values and life skills, performance, using technology). There were no significant differences on any of the qualification-experience and the amount of the educational courses.
The Degree to which the Leaders of Public Schools in Riyadh City Practice Toxic Leadership and its Relationship to the Level of Psychological Well-being of Teachers from their Perspectives: درجة ممارسة قادة المدارس الحكومية بمدينة الرياض للقيادة السامة وعلاقتها بمستوى الرفاه النفسي للمعلمين من وجهة نظرهم
Authors: Share Aiyed Aldosari, Anwar Hamad Alrashidi
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to reveal the degree of public-school leaders 'practice in Riyadh city of toxic leadership, the level of psychological well-being and the relationship of the two variables with each other from the teachers' point of view in those schools. The researchers used the descriptive survey approach, a questionnaire designed by researchers consisting of (45) items distributed on two axes, and it was applied to a random sample of (252) teachers. The results showed that the degree of school leaders ’practice of toxic leadership obtained an overall average of (1.60 out of 5). That is, with a (low) rating, and that the level of psychological well-being obtained an overall average of (3.40 out of 5), that is, a (high) rating. It also revealed the existence of a statistically significant positive relationship between toxic leadership and psychological well-being, reaching 0.15 and indicating a very weak relationship, With no statistically significant differences in the strength of the correlational relationship due to the effect of gender, experience, or educational stage. Based on the results, the researchers presented a set of recommendations and proposals to prevent toxic leadership and maintain a high level of psychological well-being among teachers.
The impact of the simultaneous networking training classroom teachers to instill in the initial application efficiencies of continuous assessment
Authors: Saleh Ali Al-Zahrani
Published: May 2021

The aim of the study was to identify the effectiveness of simultaneous network training in providing the teachers of the primary grades some of the competencies of the application of continuous evaluation. The researcher used the "Semi-Experimental Method". The study population is one of the primary school teachers in the schools of the Education Bureau in Qalwa Governorate. The study population is 150 teachers. The sample of the study is 30 teachers. The researcher used the observation as a tool for this study, A tribal observation, and a remote observation. Statistical processing was done with spss, repetitive tables, percentages and arithmetic mean. The results of the study are the most important of which are the effectiveness of simultaneous network training in the development of activating the teachers of the first grades of the continuous evaluation of their multiple variables and their effective use within the classrooms. We conclude that the effect of the independent variable "concurrent network training" on the dependent variable " May range from (0.89,0,97). The most important recommendations of the study are the design of training programs similar to the teachers in all disciplines and at all educational levels, simultaneous networking in the provision of continuous guidance and guidance and overcoming difficulties in applying the system of continuous evaluation according to its correct mechanisms and in light of specific criteria that can be referred to continuously. Contributes to overcoming traditional training problems.
The Impact of The Green Human Resources on The Efficiency and Effectiveness of Employees on the Industrial Sector in Sudan: أثر توجه إدارة الموارد البشرية الخضراء على كفاءة وفعالية العاملين في القطاع الصناعي في السودان
Authors: Sana Jadallah Al-Sheikh Al-Taher ,  Ahmed Ibrahim Abu Sen
Published: May 2021

The study aims at identifying the orientation of the green human resources administration and its impact of the employee’s efficiency and effectiveness on the industrial sector in Sudan. To realize the objectives of the study, The analytical descriptive method was followed and the questionnaire was used as the main tool for collecting data from a non-probability sample comprised of total 330 employees. The response percentage to questionnaire was estimated 88%. The data was statistically analyzed and processed by AMOSV25 and the reliability of the model was tested by Alpha Corpnakh Test. The study concluded with some results such as there is a partial positive relationship found between the orientations of the green human resources administration and the efficiency and effectiveness of employees. The conclusions were discussed in comparison with the literature reviews and presented a number of proposals for future studies.
Reluctance Reasons for Grade 10th Students to choose physics from their point of view in Sultanate of Oman: أسباب عزوف طلبة الصف العاشر عن اختيار مادة الفيزياء من وجهة نظرهم في سلطنة عمان
Authors: Said Mohammed Al-Kalbani, Abdulaslam Al-Adili
Published: May 2021

The aim of study was to reveal the reasons for the reluctance of students in the tenth grade to choose physics in the Sultanate of Oman, from the point of view of the students themselves post-basic education schools. The study used the descriptive analytical approach. The sample of the study consisted of 367 students and it was selected in a stratified random method. A questionnaire was developed to answer the research questions. The results of the study showed that the reasons related to the subjects of physics and to the science teachers have a high level of influence in the reluctance of students to choose physics.  The results showed statistically significant differences at the level of significance (α = 0.05) in the axis of the reasons related to physics subjects in favor of female students and differences in the axis of the reasons related to the students themselves. Consequently, the researcher recommended analyzing the subjects and the curricula of physics by specialists in the fields of education and science and redesigns them in accordance with the scientific development and levels of students according to international standards. The researcher directed school professionals to intensify guidance for 10th grade students towards the requirements of the labor market associated with physics.
The impact of the characteristics of the Shari'ah Supervisory Board on the financial performance of Yemeni Islamic banks: أثر خصائص هيئة الرقابة الشرعية على الأداء المالي للبنوك الإسلامية اليمنية
Authors: Saad Abdullah Ahmed Qasem AL-aqra'a
Published: May 2021

The study aims to measure the impact of the characteristics of the Shari'a Supervisory Board (SSB) on the financial performance of Yemeni Islamic banks, Through the application on the Islamic banks of Yemen for the period from 2000 to 2016. The study used the descriptive analytical approach using modern techniques of panel data output Eviews version (10). The most important characteristics of the study (SSB size, SSB educational qualification, SSB independent, SSB expertise, SSB cross-membership, change in SSB the composition, SSB Delegation of authority) as independent variables. The rate of return on equity as a independent variable (ROE) represents financial performance. The study adopted the financial reports issued by the Yemeni IFi and the direct field landing to collect other data related to the study. The study found that the variables SSB size, SSB independent, SSB expertise, have a positive impact statistically significant financial performance and the opposite of those variables SSB educational qualification, SSB cross-membership, have a negative impact statistically significant financial performance. The study recommends the necessity of taking into account the optimal size of the Shariah Supervisory Bodies that are compatible with the size of the Islamic Bank and the provision of Shariah bodies with scientists specialized in accounting, finance and economics. In addition to the adoption of a hybrid model, which combines the central and self- model in Islamic banks and other recommendations included in the study.
Impact of deceptive advertising on consumer buying decision on social media with mediating word of mouth: an empirical study from University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia: أثر الخداع الإعلاني على القرار الشرائي للمستهلك على وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي والكلمة المنطوقة كمتغير وسيط – دراسة تطبيقية على جامعة تبوك
Authors: Hebatalla Mohsen Mohammed Abdulbaqi
Published: May 2021

This paper aims to study impact of deceptive advertising on consumer buying decision on social media with mediating effect of word of mouth, and also aim To find out, what types of deceptive ads practice exists on social media, and what are the most effective practices of advertising deception on the decision-making of students through social media, and To find out the effect of word of mouth on consumer buying decision, and to Providing some guidelines for companies to follow to avoid deceptive advertising Practices. The study was conducted in University of Tabuk in Saudi Arabia, the research hypotheses were adopted based on the previous studies, and Based on variables of the study, the researcher tried to identify the effects of each variable on consumer buying decision. The researcher used the descriptive analytical method; The Data was collected through Field research (questionnaire) among 120 respondents. The results show that there was a positive correlation between deceptive advertising and the buying behavior among university students and also there was positive correlation between advertising deception and word of mouth that affect buying behavior among university students. The study recommended, that the governments should enact a law with all provisions to promote and protect the rights of a consumer and establish authority.
Problem of bullying school students in the primary stage of prevention and treatment
Authors: Saleh Mohammed Al - Amri
Published: May 2021

The current study aims to identify the reality of the problem of school bullying among primary school students. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used the descriptive analytical method for its suitability to the current study. The study sample was randomly selected and applied to a sample of (14) leaders, (10) supervisors and (36) teachers. The questionnaire was used as a key tool for collecting information. The results of the study showed the following: the reality of bullying school among primary school students was so high that it reached the arithmetic mean (3.65), And that the causes of school bullying were high enough to reach the arithmetic mean (3.46). Also the absence of statistically significant differences in the reality of bullying problem among primary school students and the methods of prevention and treatment due to the variables "age, job title". Based on the findings of the study, the researcher recommended: activating the role of primary schools in developing the values ​​of tolerance and democracy, rejecting differences and accepting the other by including them in the study programs and emphasizing them in the interactions between members of the school community and activate the role of parents' councils to exchange information between family and school, and enhance confidence between the two sides, which helps to reduce the problem of bullying that hinder the educational process.
The liability Resulting from Nullity of the Arrest of the Accused in Libyan law: المسؤولية المترتبة على بطلان القبض على المتهم في القانون الليبي
Authors: Abdallah A Sherif , Badruddin Haj Ibrahim
Published: May 2021

This study examines the nature and circumstances of the nullity of the arrest of the accused and the consequent legal responsibility for those who implement it in the Libyan legislation. To arrest someone is one of the most dangerous measures against human freedom and affects one of the most significant human rights: the right to freedom, The study relies on the analytical descriptive approach to describe the legal responsibility resulting from the nullity of the procedures for the arrest of the accused by examining and analyzing the legal provisions and the judicial authorities concerned in the Libyan law, to identify the conditions of the nullity of the arrest and its nature and types and effects on the resulting evidence, as well as an assessment of the position of the Libyan legislature towards the legal responsibility. The findings of this study reveals a number of results, the most important: that there is a clear judicial disorder and a big difference between the explanation of the law on the type and nature of nullity resulting from violation of guarantees of arrest. It also reveals that the crime of unjustified arrest varies depending on its source, as individual arrest made by another individual does not violate the freedom of movement of the individual but rather to violate the right itself. Most of the Arab legislation, including Libyan legislation, has taken the theory that the state is not responsible for the work of the judiciary. The Libyan legislator did not directly state the responsibility of the state for the illegal arrest of the judicial officers, and attributed this to the general rules of responsibility.
The Effectiveness of Training Program Based on Bar-On Theory in Developing the Skills of Emotional Intelligence among the Talented Students at King Abdullah II Schools for Excellence in Jordan: فاعلية برنامج تدريبي يستند إلى نظرية بار-أون في تنمية مهارات الذكاء العاطفي لدى الطلبة الموهوبين في مدارس الملك عبد الله الثاني للتميز في الأردن
Authors: Ayah Shaker Abu hamour, Feryal Abd Al Hadi Shnekat
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a training program based on Bar-On theory in developing the skills of emotional intelligence among the talented students at King Abdullah II Schools for excellence in Jordan. The study relied on the semi-experimental method, And the study sample consisted of (60) gifted students in the 8th and 9th grades from King Abdullah II Schools for Excellence in Al- Balqa Governorate, in the second semester of the year 2018/2019. They were chosen by the Purposive sampling from the study community, and they were divided into two groups: The control group, which consisted of (30) male and female students. The experimental group consisted of (30) male and female students, The researcher used Bar-On Scale for Emotional Intelligence - The Youth Modified Version of the Jordanian Environment adapted by Al-Oweidi (2009) for the Jordanian environment, And the researcher prepared a training program consisting of (18) training sessions distributed on the five dimensions of emotional intelligence according to the theory of  Bar-On were applied to the members of the experimental sample, The study reported the following results: There were statistically significant differences between the average performance of the experimental group and the control group on the emotional intelligence scale due to the training program, in favor of the experimental group, And there were no statistically significant differences between the average performance of the experimental group and the control group on the emotional intelligence scale due to gender and grade level and interaction between the training program and gender and grade level. In light of the results of the study, it recommends the use of training programs based on theories of emotional intelligence to develop other skills such as leadership skills, communication skills, and thinking and problem-solving skills of talented students in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.
The effectiveness of STEM teaching in the development of the ability of middle school students to solve problems from the point of view of their teachers in The City of Onaizah: فاعلية التدريس وفق منهج STEM في تنمية قدرة طالبات المرحلة المتوسطة على حل المشكلات من وجهة نظر معلماتهن في مدينة عنيزة
Authors: Mona Ibrahim Al-Saeed
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of STEM teaching in developing the ability of middle school students to solve problems in the Qassim-Onaizah region, and to detect differences in the responses of the sample members about the effectiveness of stem curriculum in the development of the ability of middle school students to solve problems according to the changes in scientific qualification and years of experience, and to achieve the objectives of the study used the descriptive analytical method, and the questionnaire was the study tool applied to (50) middle school teachers in The City of Onaizah , and the results of the study indicated that the weight Relative to the effectiveness of stem curriculum in the development of the ability of middle school students to solve problems from the point of view of middle school teachers obtained a total average (3.82 out of 5) and equal to 76.34% i.e. with a degree of approval (large) on the paragraphs of the resolution, as the results revealed the absence of statistically significant differences between the responses of the individuals of the sample according to the changes of scientific qualification and years of experience, and based on the results the researcher made a number of recommendations, the most important of which The need to use stem curriculum to achieve the integration of science, mathematics, computer, and engineering materials, and the need to pay attention to the preparation of intensive training courses for teachers in the design and implementation of educational units in accordance with stem curriculum.
Level of training needs of the teachers’ have in the integration schools in Makkah from the teachers’ point of view: مستوى الحاجات التدريبية لدى معلمي مدارس الدمج بمكة المكرمة من وجه نظرهم
Authors: Salem Humaidan ALoufi
Published: May 2021

This research aims to identify the training needs in the specialized field, the educational field and the personal field of teachers of integration schools from their point of view. The research followed the descriptive approach and the study population reached (112) teachers and the questionnaire was used as a tool to collect the information and data necessary to answer the study questions. The research concludes with a number of results, the most prominent of which are: methods of communication with students of special education, And the modification of the behavior of students with special needs, as well as the use of means and assistive devices applicable to students of special education, as well as ways of dealing with special education teachers with disabilities according to areas of disability and degrees, as well as methods of integrating people with special needs in the school environment and identify the patterns of personality of special education students, and the development of trends Positive with special education students with positive relationships with special education students. The research concludes with a set of recommendations, including: Training courses in the specialized field in relation to the use of means and assistive devices applicable to students of special education, as well as training courses in the educational field with regard to modifying the behavior of special education students, and working to modify negative trends.
The Effect of Psychological Empowerment in Achieving Organizational Citizenship Behavior – A Field Study on Azal Pharmaceutical Company –: أثر التمكين النفسي في تحقيق سلوك المواطنة التنظيمية – دراسة تطبيقية على شركة آزال لصناعة الأدوية –
Authors: Hosamalden Abdalziz Moustafa Mohammedan
Published: May 2021

The study dealt with the impact of psychological empowerment in its dimensions (the importance of work, efficiency, independence, and influence) in achieving organizational citizenship behavior in Azal for the pharmaceutical industry, as the problem of the study was that business organizations were not interested in the psychological empowerment of workers, which affected the interest of individuals to take on the additional roles that come From organizational citizenship behavior. The study aimed to identify the impact of applying psychological empowerment in its dimensions (work significance, efficiency, independence, and influence) on achieving organizational citizenship behavior in Azal Pharmaceutical Industry. The importance of the study lies in the expected addition by presenting and testing a model of the relationship between psychological empowerment and organizational citizenship behavior. The main hypothesis has been tested: There is a statistically significant relationship between psychological empowerment in its dimensions (work importance, efficiency, independence, and influence) and the organizational citizenship behavior of the company in Azal Pharmaceutical Industry. The study is based on the descriptive and analytical approach as it describes the variables associated with the study and describes the characteristics of the study sample's vocabulary. The basic community consisted of (560) and a selected sample was chosen from all workers, where the sample size was (228) individuals. The results of the study demonstrated the impact of psychological empowerment in its dimensions (the importance of work, efficiency, independence, and influence) in achieving organizational citizenship behavior, that after the influence of the variables that have the most impact on organizational citizenship, the reason is that the individual who feels a high level of influence has the ability to move More than just performing the work required. The study recommended the necessity for the company to invest in the nature of the influence relationship between psychological empowerment and organizational citizenship behavior and to explore the best skills and methods to invest this relationship and to reflect the skills that the dimensions of psychological empowerment impart in refining organizational citizenship behaviors. The work and roles performed by the individual on the one hand, and the beliefs, values and behaviors on the other hand.
Public-Private Partnerships Contracts: عـقـود الشراكة بين القطاعين الـعـام والـخـاص
Authors: Maha Nasser Alsedrah   -    Norah Nasser Aldawsari
Published: May 2021

The public private partnership (PPP) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has been subject to many challenges, including that the system of competition and government procurement issued in 2007 is an old and traditional system that did not provide for contracting methods that include negotiation between the administrative authority and the contractor. The Kingdom is undergoing a major change that may extend to a regulatory framework that enhances the chances of successful PPPs projects away from the conventional procurement model. PPPs are one of the main components of the National Transition Program Which aims to increase the participation of the private sector in GDP by 2030. The current interest in these contracts is mainly driven by the decline in government revenues due to the decline in oil prices. The main advantages of the PPPs agreements are that they ensure the maintenance of high levels of service without The government carries huge expenses as the Kingdom is the most active MENA country in the area of ​​PPPs. The study concluded that there is a need for the Saudi regulatory framework to be developed in order to achieve greater growth in PPPs, as well as the need to overcome administrative, regulatory and operational obstacles in order to create a more successful real PPPs. The study aimed at finding out the importance of partnership contracts and how to formulate them, to know the experience and benefit of Saudi Arabia in these contracts, and to know the advantages and benefits resulting from the partnerships and the obstacles facing them.
Planning budgets and their impact on management function and performance measurement in banks: الموازنات التخطيطية وأثرها على وظيفة الإدارة وقياس الأداء في البنوك
Authors: ‏​‏​‏​​‏​‏​​‏​‏​‏​‏​‏​‏ Tayseer Ali Khalaf Al Momani
Published: May 2021

- This research is conducted to identify the measurement of planning budgets and their impact on management function and performance measurement in banks, as well as their impact on various management functions, including long-term planning, with performance measurement. The study found that there is an effect on the use of planning budgets in Jordanian commercial banks by increasing the administrative efficiency and achieving the competitiveness of the bank. The planning budgets contribute to the interpretation of the budget of the bank. Strategic plans, optimal utilization of resources, increased profitability and long-term planning. Budgets reflected the future plans of the banks' general budgets and contributed to timely management decisions. There is also an impact on the process of performance measurement as the budget is a general tool for improving the efficiency of management. It also reflects the expectations of senior management and management control. The bank, which found a contribution in interpreting deviations, has a role in supervising the performance of employees.
The degree to which high school students apply life skills gained from family education subject outside of school hours: درجة تطبيق طالبات المرحلة الثانوية للمهارات الحياتية المكتسبة من مادة التربية الأسرية خارج ساعات الدراسة من وجهة نظر أولياء الأمور
Authors: Mutyiah Bandar Khashram
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to identify the degree of application of secondary school student's life skills acquired from family education outside the hours of study from the perspective of parents in Saudi Arabia, to achieve the objective of the study, the researcher adopted the descriptive analytical approach. In the current semester of the academic year 1440 AH - 1441 AH. The researcher used a questionnaire as a data collection tool to achieve the study goal. The questionnaire included 26 items divided into four areas: communication and communication skills, problem solving skills, academic skills, and critical thinking skills... the most important results reached by the researcher: The degree of application of secondary school students for life skills acquired from family education outside of school hours from the point of view of parents came to a medium degree and the support rate of 54.17%, where The highest score for the application of secondary school students for life skills acquired from family education outside the school hours from the point of view of parents was in the "communication and communication skills" with a moderate degree of support and 55%, while the lowest score for the application of secondary school students for life skills To gain from the family education outside the school hours from the viewpoint of parents was in (critical thinking skills) with a medium degree of support 53.1%. In the light of the results of the study, the researcher recommended that the Ministry of Education should pay attention to the subject of family education because of its impact on the lives of students, especially secondary school students in the situations they direct outside school hours. In addition, making decisions.
The role of electronic auditing in the detection of fraud and accounting error the case study of the Bank of Khartoum for the period from 2008 to 2018: دور المراجعة الإلكترونية في الكشف عن الغش والخطأ المحاسبي دراسة حالة بنك الخرطوم للفترة من 2008 – 2018م
Authors: RUGAIA AAMIR ABDEL-MAGEED
Published: May 2021

This study dealt with the electronic review and its statement in reducing fraud and accounting errors, as well as clarifying how to reduce the chances of committing mistakes and fraud to establish controls and procedures that prevent this, the study of the case of Bank of Khartoum. The problem of the study in the proper role of electronic auditing in reducing fraud and accounting errors, as well as in ignorance of accounting principles and assumptions and the non-use of electronic technology in accounting, which can help to a large extent in reducing fraud and accounting errors and the introduction of electronic technology in the review process. The study followed the historical approach through reviewing the previous studies as well as the inductive method and analytical descriptive approach using the statistical packages of social sciences (SPSS) to achieve the objectives of the study. The study data were collected by questionnaire distributed to the branches of Bank of Khartoum in the capital, and reached a number of results, the most important of which is the existence of an effective system of electronic auditing leads to the discovery of fraud and errors. There is no statistically significant relationship between the effective internal audit system and the degree of fraud and errors detected by the auditor. And that the examination and evaluation of the internal control system has a positive impact on the process of electronic auditing and effectiveness in detecting fraud and accounting error in the bank. Through the results of the study, the researcher reached a number of recommendations, including the need to apply the electronic review because it helps the auditor to expand the sample size, which enhances confidence in his neutral opinion in the financial statements.