bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KORELASI KEMATANGAN EMOSI DENGAN PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN KARIER PADA SISWA KELAS XII MAN 1 JEMBER
Authors: Nailatul Husna  , As’ad  , Moh. Hafid
Published: February 2024

Career decision making is a thinking process in selecting and determining various existing career options. This research aims to determine the relationship between emotional maturity and career decision making in class XII students at MAN 1 Jember. This research is quantitative research with a correlation type of research. Based on the research results, there is a weak relationship between emotional maturity and career decision making in class XII students at MAN 1 Jember with a positive direction. This is proven by using the Product Moment correlation test with a sig=765 value of more than 0.05. And a value of 0.30 indicates a low correlation coefficient because it is in the range of 0.25-0.40. So, the higher the emotional maturity of class XII MAN 1 Jember students, the higher the career decision making of class XII MAN 1 Jember students.
RESILIENSI DAN TRANSFORMASI KOMUNIKASI KEPEMIMPINAN PEREMPUAN PESANTREN: DARI TRADISIONAL KE SEKULER DI ERA POSTMODERNISME
Authors: Nurul Azizah  , Mohammad Armoyu  , Joseph Okwesili Nkwede
Published: February 2024

The era of globalization and modernism has colored the movement of

Islamic boarding school

women to appear in the public sector, but at the same time they are required to successfully carry

out their duties as housewives. Conventionally, postmodernist feminist construction is in the dual

role of Islamic boarding school wo

men in the family and public sector, namely women who have

a Islamic boarding school background in the field of religion or people who gain legitimacy as

teachers or mothers. The Islamic boarding school women's movement is top

-

down because the

production o

f religious knowledge and truth is determined by the religious elite so that the public

becomes an object that must submit to the elite. The era of new religious movements changed the

tendency of Islamic boarding school women's thinking paradigm from the d

omestic area to shift

to public spaces such as becoming regional heads after the direct regional head election (pilkada)

system in Indonesia. This paper aims to analyze the movement of Islamic boarding school women

in the postmodern era in managing their d

ual roles as housewives and career women in the public

domain. From descriptive and content analysis of qualitative research data, it shows that the

postmodern Islamic boarding school women's movement is able to shift the religious paradigm

from traditiona

l conventionalism to modern secularism. The conclusion of this article is about the

election of Islamic boarding school women as regional heads, showing the collapse of patriarchal

culture in the current postmodern era. This article provides suggestions th

at affirmative action is

needed for women to improve education, so that they are able to take part in the development of

the nation and state
DINAMIKA KOMUNIKASI KEPALA DESA DENGAN MASYARAKAT DALAM MEMBANGUN SOLIDARITAS SOSIAL MASYARAKATDISUMENEP
Authors: Mahfud Ali  , Yohandi
Published: February 2024

Relationships between humans continue to be sustainable because of communication.

Communication is used as a tool to fulfill life's needs. One of them is the communication of

government officials in interacting with the public. In this case it is the villa

ge head. Village head

communication with the community is very important in increasing social solidarity, whether

communicating linearly or exchanging ideas (circularly). So that it makes people feel comfortable

when communicating with government officials

. This is the method used by the Head of Kropoh

Village, Sumenep, to interact with his residents. By using linear and circular communication, it

can produce good effects and feedback on society. The discussion of this research is about the

village head's c

ommunication patterns with the community in building social solidarity in the

Kropoh Ra'as Village community, Sumenep and the effectiveness of the village head's

communication with the community in building social solidarity in the Kropoh Ra'as Village

com

munity, Sumenep. Qualitative research is used as the main design in research with information

sources on village heads' communication with the community in building social solidarity. This

type of research is field research and is descriptive in nature and

the research data sources are

collected through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this research show

that the communication pattern used by the Head of Kropoh Village in communicating with the

community is very good and can foster

social solidarity by strengthening the sense of mutual

cooperation among the community so that they can establish good cooperation in keeping in touch

with each other among residents.
INTERAKSI SIMBOLIK PADA TRADISIROKAT SAWAH DI KABUPATEN SITUBONDO
Authors: Dendi Agung Prayuda  , Aminul ‘Alimin
Published: February 2024

Indonesia is known as a diverse country with many tribes, cultures and traditions. One of the many

traditions that exist in Indonesia is the rokat rice field tradition in the Madurese community, more

precisely in Sumberanyar Village, Jatibanteng

District, Situbondo Regency, East Java. The Rokat

Sawah tradition is an ancestral tradition that has been carried out since ancient times and continues

until now. Symbolic interaction is a social relationship between people which is shown by the

exchange o

f symbols used by them, both individuals with individuals, individuals with groups and

groups with other groups, the meaning of which they have mutually agreed upon. This research

aims to describe the implementation procession and meaning of symbolic inter

actions in the Rokat

Sawah tradition in Sumberanyar Village, Jatibanteng District, Situbondo Regency, East Java. This

research is qualitative research with data collection through interviews, observation and

documentation with analysis through data collect

ion and data presentation. The results of the

research can be stated that, the procession of carrying out the rokat sawah tradition begins with

inviting the farmers, the farmers gather in front of the lu'ulu house, together they go to the location

of the r

okat sawah tradition, prepare for the implementation of the rokat sawah tradition, the

congregation sits in a circle around various foods , opening of the traditional Rokat Sawah event

by Lu'ulu, reciting tawasul, yasin and tahlil, reading the Rokat prayer

and ending with closing and

eating together. In the interactions carried out by the people of Sumberanyar Village in the Rokat

Sawah tradition there are symbols full of implied meaning, such as fostering a sense of

togetherness and harmony, eliminating di

scrimination between communities, realizing gratitude

to Allah SWT, approaching oneself to the Creator, preserving ancestral traditions and rejection of

balak.
MAKNA SOSIAL-RELIGIUS SEBAGAI NILAI KONSELING ISLAM DALAM TRADISI KETOG SEMPRONGDI KABUPATEN TABANAN BALI
Authors: Juwairiyah  , Hanik Mufaridah
Published: February 2024

Humans as social creatures must always maintain good relationships with others because it is an

obligation that must be carried out. Just as tradition can create a society that

has a social spirit, so

that social relations can create harmony in people's lives. From observing the conditions above,

researchers examined various facts regarding the socio

-

religious meaning of Islamic counseling

values

in the Ketog Semprong tradition

in Tabanan Regency, Bali. The aim of this research is to

describe the procession of the Ketog Semprong tradition and to describe the socio

-

religious

meaning of Islamic counseling values

in the Ketog Semprong tradition in Tabanan Regency, Bali.

In the re

search method to obtain comprehensive information and data, this research uses a

qualitative research approach with the type of ethnographic qualitative research. The results of the

research show that: First, the Ketog Semprong traditional procession in Ta

banan district, Bali, has

three processions, namely joint prayer, megibung sagi or eating together, and art performances.

And secondly, the social

-

religious meaning as an Islamic counseling value in the Ketog Semprong

tradition in Tabanan district, Bali. T

here are two Islamic counseling values

that exist in this

tradition, namely the first, spiritual values

such as praying together, and the second, your values.

'Amalah or social such as an attitude of mutual sharing, an attitude of affection, an attitud

e of

mutual cooperation in the form of mutual assistance, an attitude of tolerance in religion so that it

can foster harmony, and finally an attitude of togetherness. All these attitudes can foster harmony

and happiness which can be used as provisions for

social life.
Intención Emprendedora de Estudiantes Millenials
Authors: Vidrio-Barón Susana Berenice , Rebolledo-Mendoza Alma Ruth , Vásquez-Sánchez Jorge Ricardo
Published: February 2024

El Modelo Conceptual Integrado, basado en la Teoría del Comportamiento Planificado, se convierte en la guía rectora para predecir la intención de comportamiento emprendedor. El objetivo fue utilizar los modelos propuestos para predecir la variable dependiente Intención de Emprender (IBE). El método de la investigación fue por medio de una estrategia de modelado de tres etapas, las dimensiones probadas y sus capacidades reflexivas fueron evaluadas con el método estadístico de segunda generación de Modelado de Ecuaciones Estructurales. En general, los modelos replican el CB-SEM y el PLS-SEM propuestos originalmente. Los resultados confirman la consistencia interna y las capacidades predictivas de todos los modelos y la mayoría de las variables independientes. Los hallazgos sugieren que el modelo debe continuar la replicación a través de diferentes muestras para la generalización. La originalidad avanza en el hecho de que hay poca o ninguna evaluación de los modelos dentro de los sujetos latinoamericanos, y mucho menos utilizando el análisis SEM. Las limitaciones incluyen las capacidades de análisis ya que los modelos se vuelven complicados y la adición de la operacionalización de los esfuerzos universitarios variables.
Covid-19: Efectos en la Intención de Abandono en Empleados
Authors: López-Torres Virginia Guadalupe , Máynez-Guaderrama Aurora Irma , Jacobo-Galicia Gabriela
Published: February 2024

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el impacto del miedo al Covid-19, estrés laboral, agotamiento y cinismo en la intención de abandono en trabajadores de los sectores industrial, comercial y de servicios, en la frontera mexicana. Se utilizó como método una investigación cuantitativa no experimental, con una muestra por conveniencia de 328 empleados. Las relaciones entre constructos se probaron utilizando modelos de mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS). Los resultados indican que el miedo al Covid-19, el estrés laboral, el agotamiento y el cinismo afectan positivamente a la intención de abandono. Los hallazgos son relevantes al señalar que el modelo explica de forma débil al estrés (0.134), de forma moderada al cinismo (0.446) y a la intención de abandono (0.396) y de forma entre moderada y sustancial al agotamiento (0.561). Esta investigación es original al contribuir al conocimiento de la salud ocupacional, al considerar nuevos factores que influyen en la intención de abandono laboral, durante eventos como la pandemia Covid-19. Se tiene la limitante de que la recolección de datos se realizó a través de una encuesta en línea, existe un posible sesgo de selección debido al muestreo no probabilístico.
Air Pollution Caused by Crop Waste and its Effects on Human Health
Authors: Tank Pranav , Bhalodia Chirag , Mishra Ankita , Jadeja Hetvyba
Published: February 2024

Agriculture, and more specifically the combustion of crop waste, is now widely acknowledged to be a global environmental problem. Because of this, the issue was not initially brought to light. This literature review investigates crop residues as a potential source of air pollution and the associated health risks. This review will also investigate the factors that contribute to the contamination of water by crop residue. This article will discuss the pollutants that are emitted during the combustion of crop waste, how they affect the quality of the air we breathe, and how they affect the health of humans. This article provides a concise summary of the pollutants caused by the burning of crop waste. This analysis also investigates the effects that crop waste burning has on human health and the natural environment, as well as potential policy solutions and preventative measures.
Transconstructive Generative Ideation: Quantum Logic, Anavastha and Ajātivāda
Authors: Guha Majumdar Mrittunjoy
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we explore the intersection of quantum logic, Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS), and pedagogical innovations to propose a paradigm shift in knowledge generation and education. Quantum logic, rooted in the principles of quantum mechanics, challenges classical binary logic by accommodating superposition and entanglement, offering fertile ground for pedagogical innovations. Drawing from Indian Knowledge Systems, particularly Mīmāṁsā and Vedanta, the negation of distributive law prompts critical examination of textual interpretation and reality itself. Synthesizing quantum logic, Indian Knowledge Systems, and pedagogy, we introduce Transconstructive Generative Ideation, a methodical approach to idea generation transcending traditional boundaries. This framework integrates diverse philosophical and cognitive perspectives, fostering divergent thinking and exploration. Leveraging generative ideation techniques, iterative prototyping, and data analytics, it empowers participants to co-create transformative solutions. Quantum-inspired simulations and adaptive learning environments offer immersive experiences, preparing learners for complex real-world challenges. By embracing non-binary thinking and contextuality, Transconstructive Generative Ideation fosters curiosity, creativity, and resilience across educational settings. Through this synthesis, we envisage a dynamic and adaptive approach to knowledge creation and education, bridging ancient wisdom with contemporary insights to navigate an uncertain and rapidly evolving world.
Comparación clínica en el manejo remoto del asma bronquial durante la pandemia COVID-19 entre dos terapias controladoras: fluticasona y beclometasona
Authors: Recabarren Lozada Arturo Felipe , Llanos Rosas Marcos Gustavo , Llave Pinto Gustavo Joel
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Comparar el nivel de control del asma mediante el uso del Asthma Control Test (ACT) y manifestaciones clínicas en dos grupos de pacientes tratados con diferentes corticosteroides inhalados (GCI).

Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo, observacional y prospectivo donde se registró en 521 niños del programa de asma del Hospital III Yanahuara (Arequipa, Perú) el Nivel de Control del Asma, durante el periodo de junio del 2020 a diciembre 2021, por medio de la consulta remota empleando el ACT y la recopilación de los hallazgos clínicos (síntomas diurnos, nocturnos, visita a emergencias y uso de broncodilatadores beta 2 agonistas), en dos momentos durante la pandemia COVID-19.

Resultados. Ambos grupos tuvieron un control óptimo al inicio y final del estudio, con una mejoría significativa en el último control (P < 0.05). En las manifestaciones clínicas no hubo una diferencia estadística (P > 0.05) en ambos controles. El nivel promedio del ACT de la Fluticasona al egreso, tuvo una superioridad significativa frente a la Beclometasona (P = 0.03).

Conclusiones. La Teleconsulta es una herramienta eficaz para el monitoreo de enfermedades crónicas como lo es el asma. Tanto Fluticasona cómo Beclometasona lograron un control óptimo de la enfermedad, destacando que el verdadero factor determinante para lograr un buen control es el uso continuo de cualquier GCI. Sin embargo, se encontró una diferencia estadística significativa a favor de la Fluticasona; no obstante, por su menor precio, la relación costo-eficacia favorece a Beclometasona como opción económica y eficiente para un óptimo control del asma.
Public health risk associated with the quality of drinking water and food, and the incidence of colorectal cancer
Authors: Giniyatullina Liliya A. , Yusupova Nailya Z. , Khisamutdinov Alfir N. , Bektimirova Vasilya M.
Published: February 2024

Aim – to assess the public health risk associated with the quality of drinking water and food in areas with different levels of incidence of colorectal cancer.
Material and methods. An assessment was made of the carcinogenic risk and the risk of developing general toxic effects due to the intake of xenobiotics with food and drinking water in areas that differ in the incidence of colorectal cancer. To assess the risk, we used the results of laboratory studies performed as part of the social and hygienic monitoring for the period 2014–2021.
Results. Priority pollutants that make the greatest contribution to the carcinogenic risk have been identified. The range of total carcinogenic risk, depending on arsenic compounds, varied in the Arsky district from acceptable to high (from 4.98E-05 to 2.70E-03), in Drozhzhanovsky – from acceptable to alarming (from 6.81E-05 to 2.02E- 04); in Aznakaevsky – from alarming to high (from 1.99E-04 to 2.21E-03). In the Kamsko-Ustyinsky district, the risk was assessed as alarming (from 2.15E-04 to 4.13E-04), in Yutazinsky as high (from 2.91E-03 to 1.80E-02). The total hazard index associated with the intake of nitrates with food and drinking water varied from the minimum in the Arsky district (HI=0.31) to the alarming one in the Kamsko-Ustyinsky district (HI=3.13). The risk of developing non-carcinogenic effects in the gastrointestinal tract, due to the natural characteristics of drinking water sources, was assessed as acceptable in all areas.
Conclusion. In areas with an increased incidence of colorectal cancer, there were higher levels of carcinogenic health risk due to the intake of xenobiotics with food and drinking water (from alarming to high).
SERIAL CASES INTRAVITREAL TENECTEPLASE AND PNEUMATIC DISPLACEMENT OF SUBMACULAR HEMORRHAGE
Authors: Dewi Upik Mahna
Published: February 2024

Introduction : OBJECTIVE Submacular hemorrhage {SMH} is uncommon complication of choroidal or retinal vascular abnormalities, including choroidal neovascularization {CNV}, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy {PCV} and retinal macroaneurysm of these, PCV is condition most frequency associated with large SMH {reported in 20%-63% of eyes with PCV} PURPOSE To presence successful management of submacular hemorrhage with combination injection intravitreal {IVT} Tenecteplase and gas C3F8 100%

Case Illustration : METHODES All patient with SMH already take foto fundus and OCT pre and post IVT methalyse and gas C3F8 100%. All patients undergone IVT gas C3F8 100% 0.2 cc and take a rest for 20 second after that IVT methalyse 0.1 cc was injected. Positioning 1st 24 hours: Free Positioning, 2nd 24 hour: Positioned face down, 3rd days: Follow up.

Discussion : RESULT The submacular hemorrhage move out from macular for all of cases. Vision improvement occourred in all cases.

Conclusion : CONCLUTION Intravitreal Tenecteplase in conjunction with pneumatic displacement appears effective in displacing submacular blood.
CHARACTERISTICS OF RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY IN MAKASSAR BETWEEN JANUARY 2020 AND DECEMBER 2022
Authors: RAHMAH MARLYANTI NUR , MUHIDDIN HABIBAH S.
Published: February 2024

Introduction & Objectives : Introduction: Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is one of the leading causes of irreversible visual impairment in infants, especially in premature infants. Preterm birth leads to incomplete development of retina that will cause ROP. ROP screening is an early strategy to prevent irreversible blindness in ROP. Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of ROP in Makassar between January 2020 and December 2022.

Methods : A multi-center observational descriptive study at ten hospitals in Makassar.

Results : The total patients in this study were 168 infants (336 eyes) included 53.25% male and 46.15% female. The incidence of ROP in Makassar between January 2020 and December 2022 was 14.87%. Most of the patients had history of preterm birth with gestational age ranged from 28 to 33 weeks and low birth weight less than 1500 gram in 50% patients. Majority of patients had history of oxygen therapy (77.98%), and other risk factors such as sepsis, twin birth, history of transfusion, or apnea. About 98.81% patients had bilateral ROP and 33.93% were diagnosed with stage 3 at first screening. Photocoagulation laser was done in 41 patients (24.40%).

Conclusion : The ROP screening in Makassar had a good outcome in managing the premature infants, so they can be diagnosed and got treated earlier. A sustainable screening program is required to prevent the irreversible blindness due to ROP.
Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio as an Inflammatory Marker for Retrobulbar Optic Neuritis
Authors: I Gusti Agung Made SIddhi Putra  , Indra Yti Mahayana
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction & Objectives : Retrobulbar optic neuritis is a form of optic neuritis which part at the back of the eye become inflamed and demyelinated. The inflammatory response might be important for diagnosis and prognosis because in retrobulbar optic neuritis, everything seems normal anteriorly. This study aims to analyze the parameter changes of CBC in retrobulbar optic neuritis.

Methods : Patients with retrobulbar optic neuritis who were admitted to the Yogyakarta Tertiary Hospital from January 2020 to March 2022 were included in this study. Age-matched healthy patients were recruited for comparison (controls). A venous blood sample was obtained as part of the examination at the first visit. The primary measure was white blood cells (WBC), while the secondary measures were neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), haemoglobin, platelets, neutrophils, and lymphocytes counts.

Results : 20 Patients were enrolled in case group, with mean age 27.75(±10.9)Y.O. and 13(65%) of them were female. overall, 4(20%) patients had bilateral involvement. Erythrocytes(p=0.45), Haemoglobin(p=0.17), Haematocrit(p=0.126), Thrombocyte(p=0.86), Monocyte(p=0.68), LMR(p=0.26), PLR(p=0.074) were insignificantly different between both group. Meanwhile Neutrophil(p=0.006) and NLR(p=0.021) were significantly higher in case group also Lymphocyte(p=0.05), Eosinophil(p=0.004)and Basophil(p=0.016) were significantly lower in case group.

Conclusion : The inflammatory Parameters such as Neutrophil and NLR were found to be significantly higher in retrobulbar optic neuritis patients although other parameters like WBC were insignificantly different, even some parameters like Lymphocyte were significantly lower in retrobulbar optic neuritis. thus, these parameters especially NLR might be attributable to the pathogenesis of retrobulbar optic neuritis even when the WBC seems in normal limit.
Success Rate of Glaucoma Drainage Device Implantation in Kariadi General Hospital Semarang 2020-2022
Authors: Apriliana Rina , Rachmi Fifin L , Puspasari Denti , Maharani
Published: February 2024

Introduction & ObjectivesGlaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness, and implantation of drainage devices is aneffective treatment option for patients with advanced glaucoma. The purpose of this study was toinvestigate success rate of glaucoma drainage devices implantation in Kariadi Hospital

MethodsThis study was an observational analytic study with a retrospective design. All patients who receivedVirna implantation between January 2020 and December 2022 were included. Intraocular pressure(IOP) examination was performed at baseline and at the first day, seventh day, first month, and thirdmonth following surgery. The success rate was divided into three groups: complete success if IOPwas <21mmHg without medication, qualified success if IOP was <21mmHg with medication, andfailure if IOP was >21mmHg with medication.

ResultsThis study included 42 patients (42 eyes) with an average age of 43.3 years. There were 16 male(38%) and 26 female (62%) patients in the group. Of these patients, 11 (26.2%) had primaryglaucoma and 31 (73.8%) had secondary glaucoma. There was significant decrease in IOP frompreoperative measurement (37.1±10.1mmHg) compared to IOP on first day (13.0±6.0mmHg),seventh day (15.4±3.8mmHg), first month (18.2±4.4mmHg), and third month (23.4±8.9mmHg) aftersurgery (p<0.05). At three-month follow-up, complete success was 14.29%, qualified success was50%, and failure was 35.71%.

ConclusionGlaucoma drainage device implantation was found to successfully reduce IOP in patients withadvanced glaucoma. The qualified success rate was higher than complete success rate, suggestingthat some patients may require medication to achieve target IOP levels.
THE EXPRESSION OF ALPHA-SMOOTH MUSCLE ACTIN IN CONTRACTED SOCKET
Authors: Theresia Dwiamelia
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction & Objectives : A contracted socket is considered a common complication in anophthalmic patients, with the resulting poor fitting of an ocular prosthesis. In severe cases where patients have had multiple previous reconstructive attempts, further socket contraction may result from fibrosis, leading to eventual surgical failure. Alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) is often used to identify pathologic fibroblasts. It may serve as a reliable marker for myofibroblast cells. The aim of the study was to find alpha-SMA protein expression in myofibroblasts derived from orbital socket contracture.

Methods : In this study, we observed five patients with contracted sockets who underwent fornicoplasty and buccal graft surgery from October 2022 to February 2023. Tissue samples were taken from the conjunctival fornix area during the surgery and then examined for alpha-SMA expression.

Results : In this study, there were 2 out of 5 (40%) positive alpha-SMA expressions with history of recurrent contraction, 2 (40%) negative expressions with no history of recurrent contraction, and 1 result that could not be assessed due to the limited number of samples containing fibroblasts in patient with history of recurrent contraction.

Conclusion : Alpha-SMA levels can be detected in patients with contracted sockets. Patients with a history of recurrently contracted sockets have a tendency to express positive alpha-SMA. This may allow for the need for the administration of antimetabolites in patients with recurrent contracted sockets to avoid recurrence of this contracted socket.
Binocular Diplopia in Miller Fisher Syndrome Pediatric Patient: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Zhafira Dinda , Prastyani Reni , Gunawan Prastiya Indra , Noviandi Riza , Samosir Sunny Mariana
Published: February 2024

Introduction : Miller Fisher Syndrome (MFS) is a rare variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome that usually presents with ataxia, areflexia and ophthalmoplegia. It is more common among patients in their 40s and number of cases in pediatric patients is significantly smaller. Our objective is to report a rare case of diplopia in Miller Fisher.

Case Illustration : An 11 years old boy came with complaint of double vision and history of gaze restriction. Patient had history of inpatient admission due to acute progressive generalized limb weakness and walking difficulty followed by respiratory failure. Patient also had history of chewing and swallowing difficulty. Inpatient treatment included intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) for 5 days which resultedin clinical improvement. Electromyography examination done while hospitalization showed normal results. Orthoptic examination revealed 15 degrees exotropia of left eye with 30 prism dioptres (PD) at near and far distance. Worth four dot test resulted in cross diplopia with no abnormality in head CT scan. After 2 months follow-up with push-up pencil exercise, patient showed improvement of symptoms.

Discussion : MFS is a clinical diagnosis that can be assessed by clinical triad of ataxia, areflexia and ophthalmoplegia. Diagnosis can be supported by ancillary test such as cerebrospinal fluid analysis, electrophysiologic studies or antibody anti-GQ1b . Treatment of MFS are mainly for supportive care with respiratory support and immunotherapy if needed in severe cases.

Conclusion : The outcome of MFS is usually good with a complete recovery. The improvements generally begin within two to four weeks after the onset of neurological symptoms and complete within six months.
Severe Case Of Delayed Diagnosed Of >10 Years Untreated Newborn Congenital Glaucoma
Authors: Yudakusuma Cheryll , Siahaan Yoseph M.P. A
Published: February 2024

Introduction : Though cases of newborn primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) had poor prognosis, we couldn’t simply ignore that early proper diagnostic and treatment can still improves quality of one’s sight, which’s absent in this case. Presented with delayed diagnosed highly suspected case of newborn PCG, physician was compelled to make the best in condition of the already given poor prognosis to begin with.

Case Illustration : A 13 years old female patient came to eye clinic with a very disturbing chronic condition of visual loss. Accompanied by her family, who also claimed had witnessed both the patient’s eyes appeared whitish since birth. Eye examination revealed visual acuity of 1/~ for right eye and no light perception for left eye, along with significant signs of buphthalmos, epiphora, nystagmus, megalocornea (diameter of 9x14mm right eye and 9x13.3mm left eye), cloudy cornea, leukocoria, and Schiotz tonometry of 60-100mmHg in both eyes. Patient then received oral Acetazolamide, Levofloxacin eye drop, and Timolol Maleate 0,5% eye drop; then advised to return for one week evaluation also to bring her siblings to be subjected to glaucoma screening.

Discussion : The decision to perform surgical intervention in cases of newborn PCG commonly require further thoughts. This case immediately shifted our focus towards palliative care of the patient whilst continuing monitoring IOP, as glaucoma surgery possessed a more menacing risk to be performed this patient.

Conclusion : All cases of pediatric glaucoma require a life time of comprehensive management that requires heedfulness especially from caregivers as it is a very challenging disease.
Visual Improvement Following Glaucoma Surgery
Authors: Purnamasari Heronita
Published: February 2024

Introduction : Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy and a leading cause of irreversible blindness. The aim of glaucoma treatment is to slow progression and minimize the risk of further damage, not to expect functional improvement. We report the case of a patient who experienced an improvement in vision following glaucoma surgery and review the literature regarding this phenomenon.

Case Illustration : A 66-year old female presented with vision loss in the left eye that could only perceive finger counting in one meter. Her intraocular pressure (IOP) measured 51,8 mmHg and she was found to have primary open angle glaucoma. Medical treatment was commenced and she underwent a successful trabeculectomy. Unexpectedly she experienced improvement in vision after treatment. At her recent visit visual acuity was 6/30 in the affected eye.

Discussion : Although the mechanism of improved vision cannot be proven it is likely that successful lowering of IOP resulted in some reversal of retinal ganglion cell dysfunction. Some evidence explained that retinal ganglion cells damaged by glaucoma might undergo a period of reversible dysfunction preceding cell death. Furthermore, reversible changes in optic nerve head morphology have been reported following reduction of intraocular pressure. These observations suggest that certain structural and functional improvements may in fact be possible in some patients. The changes of anterior chamber depth, corneal radius of curvature, corneal thickness or corneal edema could be considered as other factors which influence this improvement.

Conclusion : Functional improvements may occur following trabeculectomy. Glaucoma surgery should be offered early, and considered even in those with reduced visual acuity.
Characteristics of Patients with Eyelid Laceration in Kariadi General Hospital Semarang
Authors: ADERIESTA PADMASTRIMAYA  , RAJA ERINDA
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction & Objectives : Eyelid laceration is one of the most common ocular injuries with complications. This study examines patient characteristics with eyelid lacerations at Kariadi General Hospital Semarang.

Methods : An observational study used medical records data from April 2019 to January 2023. Age, gender, eyelids, grading, area of laceration, mechanism of trauma and injury, canthal and canalicular involvement, associated injury, and surgery were recorded.

Results : From 75 patients, lacerations were more common in men (56, 75%) and ages 16-<50 years (43, 57%). Lacerations occurred in right lower (21, 28%), right upper (17, 23%), right upper and lower (16, 21%), left lower (9, 12%), left upper (8, 11%), and left upper and lower (4, 5%) eyelids. They were mainly medial (52, 69%), lateral (12, 16%), and central (7, 9%). Full-thickness lacerations (58, 77%) outnumbered lamellar thickness (17, 23%). Blunt trauma (63, 84%) was the main mechanism, with motor vehicle accidents leading 30 (40%). Canthal involvement was absent in 41 cases (55%), medial in 29 (39%), and lateral in 5 (7%). Canalicular involvement was absent in 39 cases (52%) and present in 36 (48%). The three most frequent of associated injury of the patients was 16 (21%) subconjunctival bleeding, 12 (16%) orbital hematom, 9 (12%) conjunctival laceration. All patients underwent surgery, with eyelid repair most common (32, 43%).

Conclusion : Eyelid lacerations mainly involved right lower eyelid, medial region, and are full-thickness. Blunt trauma, particularly motor vehicle accidents, was the main cause. Most cases lack canthal or canalicular involvement. Eyelid repair was the most frequent choice of surgery.
PUPIL CYCLE TIME AND PERIPAPILLARY PERFUSION IN ANGLE CLOSURE GLAUCOMA
Authors: Kamal Muhammad Alfin , Rahmi Fifin Luthfia , Puspasari Denti , Cahyono Maharani
Published: February 2024

Introduction & ObjectivesOne of important roles in the pathogenesis of glaucoma is vascular condition. To enhance glaucomamanagement, the clinical assessment of ocular perfusion is required. The pupillary light reflex'safferent or efferent pathways may become impaired as a result of pupil cycle time (PCT) elongation.PCT is a simple objective method to measure the function of optic nerve, including glaucoma. Thepurpose of this study is to evaluate the connection between pupil PCT and peripapillary perfusion.

MethodsA cross-sectional study from Kariadi Hospital included 26 eyes with angle closure glaucoma and 26eyes of healthy patients. Complete ophthalmologic examinations, PCT measurements, and OCTperipapillary angiography were performed on each patient. Patients with history of drugs use thatcan affect pupillary reflexes such as barbiturates, methyldopa, anaesthetics, and antidepressant, andpatients with history of glaucoma attack are excluded. The comparisons between the two groupswere examined, with a p<0.05 indicating statistical significance.

ResultsThe mean PCT of normal subjects was 943,4ms (882,4ms – 993,4ms) and angle closure glaucomasubject was 1789,5ms (1060ms – 4600ms). There were statistically significant difference of PCTvalue in angle closure glaucoma compared to normal subjects (P<0,05). Peripapillary flow index andperipapillary vessel density in closed angle glaucomatous eyes were lower than normal eyes(P<0.05). There is a significant relationship between PCT with peripapillary flow index andperipapillary vessel density. (P<0,05).

ConclusionIn angle closure glaucoma, prolonged PCT associated with decreased peripapillary perfusion asshown by decreases in peripapillary flow index and peripapillary vascular density.
CONSISTENCY OF TBUT VS NIBUT MEASUREMENT FOR ASSESSMENT OF DRY EYE DISEASE IN COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME
Authors: ANGELINA SURYA TALLO
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction & Objectives : The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic requires medical faculty students to attend distance lectures using computers for long periods of time which directly has an impact of computer vision syndrome (CVS) which can progress to dry eye disease (DED). One of the tear film stability tests is the Tear Break Up Time, both with the invasive tear break up time (TBUT) technique and the non- invasive tear break up time (NIBUT) technique. This study aims to determine the consistency of tear film stability measurements using these two techniques in medical faculty students who suffer from CVS with and without DED.

Methods : 62 medical students of Udayana University were enrolled in this study and devided into two groups namely CVS with DED symptoms and CVS without DED symptoms. Both groups were underwent TBUT examination using fluorescein strips and cobalt blue filter with slitlamp biomicroscopic and NIBUT examination with the tear film analysis software from Medmont E300 corneal topography.

Results : There was no significant difference between TBUT and NIBUT measurements in the DED group (p=0.1985) and in the Non-DED group (p=0.9336). There was no difference in the consistency of TBUT and NIBUT in the two groups (p=0.4550).

Conclusion : Both techniques provide consistent results in assessing DED. NIBUT technique is faster and more convenient for patients also can be an alternative for practitioners to diagnose DED if it is not possible to use TBUT due to allergies or the unavailability of fluorescein at the clinic.
EFFECT OF LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (LDL) CHOLESTEROL VALUE ON NON-PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY (NPDR) IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS (T2DM): A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Nugraha Satria Budi , Siahaan Sp. M Dr. Yoseph M.P.A.
Published: February 2024

Introduction & Objectives : Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease in which the body is unable to control blood sugar levels and is characterized by hyperglycemia caused by lack of insulin action. One of the most common microvascular complications of DM that can cause blindness to sufferers is Diabetic Retinopathy (DR). One of the risk factors that can exacerbate the progression of T2DM is the level of Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL). However, there are still differences of opinion in several studies if LDL has a significant role in the occurrence of DR. This study aimed to determine whether there is a relationship between the value of LDL cholesterol and the occurrence of Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.

Methods : Systematic review utilizing MeSH terminology and PICO methods were done for information extraction of online database, including PubMed, and Google Scholar by utilizing the following keyword “Low-Density Lipoprotein”, “Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy”, “Diabetes Melitus”. The extracted studies were then analyzed using the New-Castle Ottawa Scale (NOS).

Results : In total, 2 eligible studies (103 subjects) were found. Dornan et al., stated that total cholesterol levels were higher in NPDR Patients (5.1 +/- 0.7 mmol/l, p ? 0,02) and Mursi et al., shows that in patients with uncontrolled LDL cholesterol, NPDR was found (53,7%, p < 0,015). NOS was used to evaluate the quality of the studies and all studies showed to be in good quality.

Conclusion : According to the results of this systematic review, there is a significant correlation between the degree of diabetic retinopathy and LDL cholesterol.
Virna Glaucoma Implant (VGI) as the Management of Secondary Glaucoma following TASS : A Case Report
Authors: Presialia Athira , Witjaksono Anissa Nindhyatriayu , Anissa Gisela Haza , Widyawati Syska
Published: February 2024

Introduction : Secondary glaucoma may occur in severe TASS. The inflammatory cell and debris can clog trabecular meshwork causing IOP to rise. In this case, we describe the successful management of secondary glaucoma due to TASS using Virna Glaucoma Implant (VGI).

Case Illustration : A 66-year-old woman presented with decreased vision in the left eye one week after anterior vitrectomy and anterior segment lavage due to TASS. She had a history of phacoemulsification and intraocular lens placement with complication of PCR. On ocular examination, the visual acuity was 1/60 in the left eye with intraocular pressure (IOP) 55 mmHg. After maximum glaucoma medication using timolol, latanoprost, brinzolamide eye-drops and oral acetazolamide IOP was 22mmHg. Glaucoma Drainage Device (GDD) surgery using VGI was performed. After 2.5 weeks, IOP in the left eye was reduced to 19 mmHg without anti-glaucoma medication and visual acuity has improved to 6/60, showing a favourable outcome.

Discussion : TASS may cause significant damage to the trabecular meshwork, which leads to secondary glaucoma. Although medical therapy is often used to control elevated IOP, surgical therapy may be required to treat refractor IOP elevation. GDD surgery has been reported to have effective outcomein secondary glaucoma and pseudophakic eyes.

Conclusion : Secondary glaucoma is considered as one of the characteristics in the late stages of TASS, and required prompt treatment. VGI implantation is a promising choice of treatment in managing secondary glaucoma following TASS when medication is not effective.
Recurrence of Malignant Glaucoma After Vitrectomy Intervention: A Challenging Case Series
Authors: Zulfa Mazidah , P Satya Hutama , Wildan Arief , Rahmi Fifin L , Puspasari Denti , Maharani
Published: February 2024

Introduction : Malignant glaucoma most commonly occurs after glaucoma filtration surgery. Most cases require surgical intervention such as vitrectomy. However, even after successful treatment, it can reoccur in some cases. We present two cases of recurrent malignant glaucoma.

Case Illustration : The first case involved a 48-year-old female with primary angle closure glaucoma who developed malignant glaucoma 1-week after undergoing combined glaucoma surgery. The second case involved a 70-year-old man with primary angle closure glaucoma and pseudophakia who developed malignant glaucoma 4-month after trabeculectomy. They received total vitrectomy treatment. We observed anterior chamber deepening in these 2 cases, but intraocular pressure remained increased 2-week after intervention.

Discussion : We found improvement in anatomy by deepening the anterior chamber, but the intraocular pressure increased in the 2 weeks. Although the problem of releasing aqueous accumulations from the vitreous has been resolved after vitrectomy, but there is no permanent passage between the anterior chamber and the vitreous cavity. So, recurrences can occur. It is possible to manage this condition by restoring aqueous flow from the anterior vitreous to the anterior chamber. YAG laser capsulo- hyaloidotomy or vitrectomy combined with hyaloido-zonula-iridectomy are frequently effective in treating underlying causes.

Conclusion : Vitrectomy can help to improve the deepening anterior chamber, but intraocular pressure may remain increased after 2-week follow-up. The recurrence of malignant glaucoma may be related to incomplete resolution of the underlying condition.
OVERVIEW OF OCULAR TOXOPLASMOSIS IN DR KARIADI HOSPITAL SEMARANG: A 5-YEAR RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: AMALIA DWI ARISKA  , WINARTO REKI  , DINA NOVITA
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction & Objectives : Ocular toxoplasmosis is the most common infectious etiology of posterior uveitis. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical characteristics of ocular toxoplasmosis in Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang.

Methods : A retrospective review of out-patient medical records of ocular toxoplasmosis at Dr. Kariadi Hospital Semarang from January 2018 to December 2022 was done. All toxoplasmic uveitis were included, whereas incomplete medical records and loss of follow-up were excluded. The clinical characteristics of patients were recorded and analyzed.

Results : During 5 years a total of 160 patients were recruited of which 123 fulfilled the criteria, consisting of47 males (38.2%) and 76 females (61.8%), mostly were acquired infection (97.6%) with immunocompetent status (75.6%), and affected unilateral eye (65%). The predominant age was 26-45 years old (82.1%). Primary infection (70.7%) was greater than recurrent infection (10.6%) in which recurrence affects 46-65 years old (72.7%). Visual acuity at the initial presentation was <6/18-6/60 (26.2%), and the final follow-up increased to ≥6/18 (33.1%). Posterior uveitis (35.1%) with posterior pole lesion (66%) was a common clinical sign found. Medications given were trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (51,25%), and corticosteroid (27.5%) as an adjuvant. The complication detected was cataract (13%).

Conclusion : Ocular toxoplasmosis was mostly found in immunocompetent female patients, acquired, unilateral, and in the posterior pole. A good response was found by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and corticosteroid medications.
Orbital Tumor Misdiagnosed as Optic Neuritis in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Marcellina  , Maria L. Susyono
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction : Unilateral blurred vision and optic nerve swelling are the two most common signs of optic neuritis (ON). However, ON is rarely reported in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), thus necessitating further diagnostic workup.

Case Illustration : A 42-year-old woman visited our hospital with strabismus and progressive loss of vision in her left eye since three months ago. She had been treated with pulse dose steroid for suspected ON. She had been diagnosed with RA over five years and treated with immunomodulatory medication. Left eye examination revealed best corrected visual acuity of 20/50, proptosis, esotropia with painless limitation in temporal movement. Afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) and optic nerve swelling were present. OCT assessment revealed reduction in RNFL thickness. Further magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) investigation revealed a 2.35 x 2.6 x 1.8 cm mass in the left intraconal retrobulbar, in proximity to the medial optic nerve, which suggests a case of orbital Schwanoma. Excisional biopsy was performed and revealed a benign tumor.

Discussion : Intraconal tumor may falsely be diagnosed as an optic neuritis in autoimmune patient. Neuro- ophthalmologic symptoms of systemic inflammatory in the optic nerve includes unilateral acute visual loss and pain in eye movement. Signs of ON includes RAPD, disc edema, and corresponding visual field defect. MRI of the optic nerve can assist diagnostic workup.

Conclusion : The exact diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis-associated ocular manifestations is challenging. Imaging using MRI might be needed to provide clarity in the diagnosis.