bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of Platelet Function Testing Before Pipeline Embolization Device Placement
Authors: Adeeb Nimer , Griessenauer Christoph J. , Foreman Paul M. , Moore Justin M. , Shallwani Hussain , Motiei-Langroudi Rouzbeh , Alturki Abdulrahman , Siddiqui Adnan H. , Levy Elad I. , Harrigan Mark R. , Ogilvy Christopher S. , Thomas Ajith J.
Published: April 2017

Background and Purpose—

Thromboembolic complications constitute a significant source of morbidity after neurointerventional procedures. Flow diversion using the pipeline embolization device for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms necessitates the use of dual antiplatelet therapy to reduce this risk. The use of platelet function testing before pipeline embolization device placement remains controversial.

Methods—

A retrospective review of prospectively maintained databases at 3 academic institutions was performed from the years 2009 to 2016 to identify patients with intracranial aneurysms treated with pipeline embolization device placement. Clinical and radiographic data were analyzed with emphasis on thromboembolic complications and clopidogrel responsiveness.

Results—

A total of 402 patients underwent 414 pipeline embolization device procedures for the treatment of 465 intracranial aneurysms. Thromboembolic complications were encountered in 9.2% of procedures and were symptomatic in 5.6%. Clopidogrel nonresponders experienced a significantly higher rate of thromboembolic complications compared with clopidogrel responders (17.4% versus 5.6%). This risk was significantly lower in nonresponders who were switched to ticagrelor when compared with patients who remained on clopidogrel (2.7% versus 24.4%). In patients who remained on clopidogrel, the rate of thromboembolic complications was significantly lower in those who received a clopidogrel boost within 24 hours pre-procedure when compared with those who did not (9.8% versus 51.9%). There was no significant difference in the rate of hemorrhagic complications between groups.

Conclusions—

Clopidogrel nonresponders experienced a significantly higher rate of thromboembolic complications when compared with clopidogrel responders. However, this risk seems to be mitigated in nonresponders who were switched to ticagrelor or received a clopidogrel boost within 24 hours pre-procedure.
Cerebral Embolic Protection Devices During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Bagur Rodrigo , Solo Karla , Alghofaili Saleh , Nombela-Franco Luis , Kwok Chun Shing , Hayman Samual , Siemieniuk Reed A. , Foroutan Farid , Spencer Frederick A. , Vandvik Per O. , Schäufele Tim G. , Mamas Mamas A.
Published: April 2017

Background and Purpose—

Silent ischemic embolic lesions are common after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The use of embolic protection devices (EPD) may reduce the occurrence of these embolic lesions. Thus, a quantitative overview and credibility assessment of the literature was necessary to draw a robust message about EPD. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis was to study whether the use of EPD reduces silent ischemic and clinically evident cerebrovascular events associated with TAVI.

Methods—

We conducted a comprehensive search to identify studies that evaluated patients undergoing TAVI with or without EPD. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed to estimate the effect of EPD compared with no-EPD during TAVI using aggregate data.

Results—

Sixteen studies involving 1170 patients (865/305 with/without EPD) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The EPD delivery success rate was reported in all studies and was achieved in 94.5% of patients. Meta-analyses evaluating EPD versus without EPD strategies could not confirm or exclude any differences in terms of clinically evident stroke (relative risk, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.38–1.29;
P
=0.26) or 30-day mortality (relative risk, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.20–1.64;
P
=0.30). There were no significant differences in new-single, multiple, or total number of lesions. The use of EPD was associated with a significantly smaller ischemic volume per lesion (standardized mean difference, −0.52; 95% CI, −0.85 to −0.20;
P
=0.002) and smaller total volume of lesions (standardized mean difference, −0.23; 95% CI, −0.42 to −0.03;
P
=0.02). Subgroup analysis by type of valve showed an overall trend toward significant reduction in new lesions per patient using EPD (standardized mean difference, −0.41; 95% CI, −0.82 to 0.00;
P
=0.05), driven by self-expanding devices.

Conclusions—

The use of EPD during TAVI may be associated with smaller volume of silent ischemic lesions and smaller total volume of silent ischemic lesions. However, EPD may not reduce the number of new-single, multiple, or total number of lesions. There was only very low quality of evidence showing no significant differences between patients undergoing TAVI with or without EPD with respect to clinically evident stroke and mortality.
The FAST-ED App: A Smartphone Platform for the Field Triage of Patients With Stroke
Authors: Nogueira Raul G. , Silva Gisele S. , Lima Fabricio O. , Yeh Yu-Chih , Fleming Carol , Branco Daniel , Yancey Arthur H. , Ratcliff Jonathan J. , Wages Robert Keith , Doss Earnest , Bouslama Mehdi , Grossberg Jonathan A. , Haussen Diogo C. , Sakano Teppei , Frankel Michael R.
Published: April 2017

Background and Purpose—

The Emergency Medical Services field triage to stroke centers has gained considerable complexity with the recent demonstration of clinical benefit of endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke. We sought to describe a new smartphone freeware application designed to assist Emergency Medical Services professionals with the field assessment and destination triage of patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Methods—

Review of the application’s platform and its development as well as the different variables, assessments, algorithms, and assumptions involved.

Results—

The FAST-ED (Field Assessment Stroke Triage for Emergency Destination) application is based on a built-in automated decision-making algorithm that relies on (1) a brief series of questions assessing patient’s age, anticoagulant usage, time last known normal, motor weakness, gaze deviation, aphasia, and hemineglect; (2) a database of all regional stroke centers according to their capability to provide endovascular treatment; and (3) Global Positioning System technology with real-time traffic information to compute the patient’s eligibility for intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator or endovascular treatment as well as the distances/transportation times to the different neighboring stroke centers in order to assist Emergency Medical Services professionals with the decision about the most suitable destination for any given patient with acute ischemic stroke.

Conclusions—

The FAST-ED smartphone application has great potential to improve the triage of patients with acute ischemic stroke, as it seems capable to optimize resources, reduce hospital arrivals times, and maximize the use of both intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator and endovascular treatment ultimately leading to better clinical outcomes. Future field studies are needed to properly evaluate the impact of this tool in stroke outcomes and resource utilization.
Feasibility and Diagnostic Value of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging After Acute Ischemic Stroke of Undetermined Origin
Authors: Haeusler Karl Georg , Wollboldt Christian , Bentheim Laura zu , Herm Juliane , Jäger Sebastian , Kunze Claudia , Eberle Holger-Carsten , Deluigi Claudia Christina , Bruder Oliver , Malsch Carolin , Heuschmann Peter U. , Endres Matthias , Audebert Heinrich J. , Morguet Andreas J. , Jensen Christoph , Fiebach Jochen B.
Published: April 2017

Background and Purpose—

Etiology of acute ischemic stroke remains undetermined (cryptogenic) in about 25% of patients after state-of-the-art diagnostic work-up.

Methods—

One-hundred and three patients with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–proven acute ischemic stroke of undetermined origin were prospectively enrolled and underwent 3-T cardiac MRI and magnetic resonance angiography of the aortic arch in addition to state-of-the-art diagnostic work-up, including transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). We analyzed the feasibility, diagnostic accuracy, and added value of cardiovascular MRI (cvMRI) compared with TEE for detecting sources of stroke.

Results—

Overall, 102 (99.0%) ischemic stroke patients (median 63 years [interquartile range, 53–72], 24% female, median NIHSS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale) score on admission 2 [interquartile range, 1–4]) underwent cvMRI and TEE in hospital; 89 (86.4%) patients completed the cvMRI examination. In 93 cryptogenic stroke patients, a high-risk embolic source was found in 9 (8.7%) patients by cvMRI and in 11 (11.8%) patients by echocardiography, respectively. cvMRI and echocardiography findings were consistent in 80 (86.0%) patients, resulting in a degree of agreement of κ=0.24. In 82 patients with cryptogenic stroke according to routine work-up, including TEE, cvMRI identified stroke etiology in additional 5 (6.1%) patients. Late gadolinium enhancement consistent with previous myocardial infarction was found in 13 (14.6%) out of 89 stroke patients completing cvMRI. Only 2 of these 13 patients had known coronary artery disease.

Conclusions—

Our study demonstrated that cvMRI was feasible in the vast majority of included patients with acute ischemic stroke. The diagnostic information of cvMRI seems to be complementary to TEE but is not replacing echocardiography after acute ischemic stroke.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01917955.
A review of the genus Micropagurus (Crustacea Decapoda Anomura Paguridae)
Authors: ASAKURA AKIRA
Published: April 2017

Species of the hermit crab genus Micropagurus are reviewed. Micropagurus polynesiensis is redescribed on the basis of the syntypes and specimens recently collected from various localities in the Indo-West Pacific. Micropagurus vexatus has proved to be a junior synonym of M. polynesiensis. Two new species, M. propinquus n. sp. from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan, and M. spinimanus n. sp. from various localities in Indo-West Pacific are described.  Short diagnoses are provided for M. devaneyi and M. acantholepis. A key to males of the species is presented.
A review of the Romanian Halticoptera Spinola (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Pteromalidae), with description of three new species
Authors: MITROIU MIRCEA-DAN
Published: April 2017

The Romanian species of Halticoptera Spinola (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Pteromalidae) are reviewed. The species Halticoptera askewi, H. andriescui and H. semireticulata  are described as new. Halticoptera dimidiata (Förster) and H. patellana (Dalman) are new to Romania. A key to the eleven Romanian species of Halticoptera is given.
Draconema brasiliensis and Draconema fluminensis (Chromadorida, Draconematidae): two new species of free living nematodes from a rocky shore affected by upwelling on the Brazilian coast
Authors: VENEKEY VIRÁG , LAGE LUCIANA MONTEIRO , DA FONSÊCA-GENEVOIS VERÔNICA
Published: April 2017

Two new species of Draconematidae from a rocky shore affected by upwelling on the Brazilian coast are described. Draconema brasiliensis sp. n. and Draconema fluminensis sp. n. are the first species within the Draconema genus with more than 14  post-rostral enlarged annules (15ñ16 in the new species). Both species are close to D. cephalatum in many measurements but despite some similarities they have longer gobernaculum, D. fluminensis presents 7 pairs of setae on the non-annulated region of the tail (D. cephalatum presents only 6) and D. brasiliensis has a longer tail. On the rocky shores prospected, only the two species were found within Draconematidae.
New Genera of Neotropical Therevidae (Insecta: Diptera)
Authors: WEBB DONALD W.
Published: April 2017

Five new Neotropical genera of Stiletto flies, Amplisegmentum Webb, Apenniverpa Webb, Ptilotophallos Webb, Spiracolis Webb, and Winthemmyia Webb are described. Each genus and associated species are described with illustrations of their genitalia and distribution information. Their placement within the subfamily Therevinae is discussed.
Two new species of Asphondyliini (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) associated with Bauhinia brevipes (Fabaceae) in Brazil
Authors: MAIA VALÉRIA CID , FERNANDES G. WILSON
Published: April 2017

Asphondylia microcapillata sp. n. and Schizomyia macrocapillata sp. n. are described and illustrated on the basis of the larva, pupa, male, female, and gall. Both species induce leaf galls on Bauhinia brevipes (Fabaceae).
Astacoides hobbsi, a new crayfish (Crustacea: Decapoda: Parastacidae) from Madagascar
Authors: BOYKO CHRISTOPHER B. , RAVOAHANGIMALALA OLGA RAMILIJAONA , RANDRIAMASIMANANA DÉSIRÉ , RAZAFINDRAZAKA TONY HARILALA
Published: April 2017

A new species of crayfish, Astacoides hobbsi, is the seventh recognized in the endemic Madagascan genus Astacoides Guérin-Méneville, 1839 and is described from four male specimens collected in the Andranofotsiorana effluent of the river Ranomadio (Fianarantsoa province). The new species can be distinguished from all congeners by a combination of limited carapace spination, pale white color, gill formula of 13 + epr + 5r, lack of bullar lobes on sternite XIII, laterally curved lateral processes on sternite XIII, and spination of third maxilliped merus and ischium. The new species co-occurs with three other Astacoides species (A. granulimanus Monod & Petit, 1929, A. caldwelli (Bate, 1865), and A. betsileoensis Petit, 1923) in the same stream system. Special consideration should be given to conservation of this new species, as it is the Astacoides species known from the fewest specimens and may have a very restricted distribution.
Rumen ciliated protozoa of the Turkish domestic goats (Capra hircus L.)
Authors: GÖÇMEN BAYRAM , RASTGELDI SAMIYE , KARAOòLU ADEM , A‘KAN HAKAN
Published: April 2017

Rumen contents obtained from eight adult domesticated goats (Capra hircus L.) at slaughterhouses in the southeastern area of Turkey were surveyed for ciliate protozoa. As a result of our survey, 12 genera including 39 species were identified. Fifteen of the species were further divided into 35 formae. The average ciliate density in the rumen contents of Turkish goats (33.21x104 /ml) was less than that of other ruminants from Turkey and other domestic goats reported previously from different geographical areas. However, the number of genera, species and forms living in the rumen of Turkish goats were found to be higher than that of the goats in different countries around the world. The rich faunal content of the southeastern Turkish domestic goats shows the zoogeographical importance of SE Anatolia.
New species of Thyasiridae from a methane seepage area off Concepción, Chile
Authors: OLIVER P. GRAHAM , SELLANES JAVIER
Published: April 2017

A new species of Thyasira (T. methanophila n. sp.) is described from a methane seepage area off Concepción, Chile (~36ºS) at bathyal depths. This species shows affinity with other southern ocean species placed in the subgenus Maorithyas. The gross anatomy of the type species of Maorithyas, M. marama Fleming, 1950, is described for the first time. There are no gross anatomical differences in the ctendia, foot and gut, between the above taxa, which suggest that there are no differences anatomically between species living at seeps and species living in other environments. Furthermore, wider comparison of the shells suggests that the subgenus Maorithyas cannot be supported, as the differential characters grade into those of Thyasira.        Scanning electron microscopy of the ctenidium, of T. methanophila, revealed filaments with closely packed bacteriocytes each with dense aggregations of small rod shaped bacteria each about 0.5 mm in length. The bivalve is assumed to be highly dependent on the symbiotic relationship.        A second thyasirid was recorded from worn valves only and is assigned to the genus Conchocele. The material is too fragmentary to describe but was compared with C. bisecta and C. novaeguinensis.
Description of a new Batrochoglanis species (Siluriformes, Pseudopimelodidae) from the rio Paraguai basin, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil
Authors: SHIBATTA OSCAR AKIO , PAVANELLI CARLA SIMONE
Published: April 2017

A new Batrochoglanis species, B. melanurus, is described from the córrego Cancela, affluent of  rio Cuiabá,  rio Paraguai basin, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The coloration pattern of the caudal fin, completely dark-brown, distinguishes this species from its congeners. Some additional morphometrical characters, such as head depth, pectoral-girdle width, adipose-fin base length and pelvic-fin length also separate this species from the others, except B. villosus (Eigenmann).
Taxonomic revision of Coleopterodes Philippi (Heteroptera: Tingidae)
Authors: MONTEMAYOR SARA I. , COSCARÓN MARÍA DEL CARMEN
Published: April 2017

The genus Coleopterodes Philippi (1864) contains two species, C. liliputianum (Signoret) (the type species) and C. brunnea Drake & Poor. Both are found in Argentina and the latter is also found in Chile. The original descriptions of the genus and its species are short and incomplete; and for C. liliputianum there is no type material designated. In the present paper a diagnosis of the genus is provided together with a redescription of the genus and its two species, and a neotype is designated for C. liliputianum.
Echiniscus taibaiensis sp. nov. and a new record of Echiniscus bisetosus Heinis (Tardigrada, Echiniscidae) from China
Authors: WANG LI ZHI , LI XIAO CHEN
Published: April 2017

The main characters of Echiniscus taibaiensis sp. nov. are listed as follows: dorsal plates are decorated with polygons and irregular pores, median plate 3 absent, notches absent on terminal plate; lateral and dorsal appendages consist of cirrus A, C, D, E, Cd and Dd; spurs absent on all claws of each leg. This new species is similar to E. velaminis Murray in having a similar arrangement of lateral and dorsal appendages and in lacking the third median plate, but it differs from E. velaminis in lacking the spine inserted near the base of cirrus D and in having much shorter dorsal appendages Cd and Dd. A new record of Echiniscus bisetosus Heinis is also reported from China in this article.
First record of Sergestes belonging to edwardsii species group (Sergestidae, Crustacea) from the Indian Ocean
Authors: YOUSUF FARZANA , KAZMI QUDDUSI B.
Published: April 2017

Sergestes edwardsii Kröyer, 1855 species group is composed of 9 species: S. semissis  (Burkenroad, 1940);  S. gibbilobatus (Judkins, 1978);  S. orientalis (Hansen, 1919);  S. geminus (Judkins, 1978);  S. tantillus (Burkenroad, 1940); S. consobrinus (Milne, 1968) California Current Form;  S. consobrinus (Milne, 1968) Central Form; S. edwardsii (Kröyer, 1855); S. brevispinatus (Judkins,1978).  The bathypelagic  shrimps  belonging  to  the  genus Sergestes  are  being studied from the  IIOE  material  for  its  taxonomy  and distribution.  Two species, S. brevispinatus (Judkins,1978) and  S. edwardsii (Kröyer, 1855), have been collected by the research vessels  ANTON BRUNN, ARGO, DIAMANTINA, METEOR, OSHORO MARU and VARUNA in the Indian Ocean for the first time.  Sergestes edwardsii is broadly distributed throughout the tropical Atlantic; it occurs from the New Land Plaza, Canada, to the wide of the Great Power of the North; throughout the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico. Records at high northern latitudes in the Western Atlantic are probably due to transport by the Gulf Stream (Judkins, 1978). In Brazil it occurs in Para, in the Archipelago of Are Peter and Sao Paulo, Great River of North Fermando De Noronho  (D’Incao, F., 1995, 1998). Specimens of the present material are housed in the Marine Reference Collection and Resource Centre (MRC&RC), University of Karachi.
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Published: April 2017

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Bryconops magoi and Bryconops collettei (Characiformes: Characidae), two new freshwater fish species from Venezuela, with comments on B. caudomaculatus (Günther)
Authors: CHERNOFF BARRY , MACHADO-ALLISON ANTONIO
Published: April 2017

Bryconops collettei and B. magoi  are described from the Caura and Miamo (Bolívar State), Iguapo (Amazonas State) and Moquete (Anzoátegui State) rivers, Venezuela.  These new species belong to the subgenus Bryconops, based upon apomorphies of the jaws and gill rakers and are compared with members of the subgenus.  Based on morphology, meristics and color patterns, B. collettei and B. magoi are distinguished from B. caudomaculatus, the closest species in the subgenus, by having a generally more slender body, pored scales of the lateral line extending beyond the hypural plate, and a diffuse ocellus partially filled with red color only on the upper lobe of the caudal fin.  Bryconops collettei is distinguished from B. magoi on the basis of meristic and morphometric characteristics.  B. caudomaculatus has been largely misidentified in the literature and we provide comments as a guide to its proper recognition.
Ectonocryptoides quadrimeropus, a new centipede genus and species from Jalisco, Mexico; proposal of Ectonocryptopinae, analysis of subfamilial relationships, and a key to subfamilies and genera of the Scolopocryptopidae (Scolopendromorpha)
Authors: SHELLEY ROWLAND M. , MERCURIO RANDY
Published: April 2017

Ectonocryptoides quadrimeropus, n. gen., n. sp., is proposed for a minute scolopocryptopid centipede occurring near sea level in coastal Jalisco that is anatomically similar to the unillustrated, written description of Ectonocryptops kraepelini Crabill, 1977, from ca. 1,615 m (5,300 ft) elevation in the interior of Colima. Both possess enlarged, subclavate caudal legs that lack claws and in which the distal podomeres are inflated and bulbous, but this appendage has only 4 articles in the former (tibiae and 1st tarsi enlarged) and 5 in the latter (tibiae and 1st & 2nd tarsi enlarged). The genera cannot be accommodated by an existing subfamily, necessitating proposal of                          Ectonocryptopinae, the fourth scolopocryptopid subfamily, the others being Newportiinae, Kethopinae, and Scolopocryptopinae. A key is provided to the subfamilies and eight component genera; each of the former contains two anatomically similar genera, as Tidops Chamberlin, 1915, is returned to the Newportiinae from the nominate taxon, where it was transferred without justification.  Relationships among the four subfamilies are postulated as Kethopinae + (Scolopocryptopinae + (Ectonocryptopinae + Newportiinae)).
A review of the type material of the Southern African genus Stenobasipteron Lichtwardt, 1910 (Diptera: Nemestrinidae), with transfer of two species to Prosoeca Schiner, 1867
Authors: BARRACLOUGH DAVID A.
Published: April 2017

Stenobasipteron is a long-proboscid genus of Nemestrininae endemic to southeast Africa (South Africa, Swaziland, Mozambique, Zimbabwe and Malawi), Swaziland and Mozambique being new country records. There has been recent research interest in Stenobasipteron by pollination biologists, and a pollination guild centred on a species reputed to be S. wiedemanni is now established in the literature. Consequently an urgent need has developed to provide accurate identifications of all described species.    A provisional generic diagnosis is provided, and problems with distinguishing Stenobasipteron from Prosoeca Schiner are discussed. In addition to the markedly narrowed wing base (a character state traditionally used to identify the genus), the following combination of character states are included in the revised generic diagnosis of Stenobasipteron: striking body markings absent, ocellar protuberance not prominent in profile, proboscis subequal to or longer than body length, wing usually appearing mostly brown infuscate (infuscation sometimes paler towards posterior margin) and abdominal T3 and T4 with short recumbent vestiture (longer erect hairing nearly always absent).           The revised generic concept of Stenobasipteron is now found to include only three named species: S. arnoldi Bequaert, 1925 (Zimbabwe), S. gracile Lichtwardt, 1910 (Zimbabwe) and S. wiedemanni Lichtwardt, 1910 (Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa). A notable fauna of undescribed Stenobasipteron species occurs in the Mpumulanga and Limpopo Provinces (northeastern South Africa), Mozambique, Zimbabwe and probably Malawi. Two species are transferred to Prosoeca and the following new combinations are established: P. difficile (Bequaert, 1925) (Zimbabwe) and P. minimum (Bezzi, 1924) (Western Cape, South Africa). An annotated key to the accepted species of Stenobasipteron s.s., largely based on type material, is presented
Bothrocara nyx: a new species of eelpout (Perciformes: Zoarcidae) from the Bering Sea
Authors: STEVENSON DUANE E. , ANDERSON M. ERIC
Published: April 2017

A new species of eelpout, Bothrocara nyx, is described from the eastern Bering Sea slope on the basis of 142 specimens collected during bottom trawl surveys conducted from 2000 through 2004.  This species has a small maximum size, a short snout, a relatively low number of small vomerine and palatine teeth, a high number of gill rakers, and a heavily pigmented mouth and gill chamber.  It is similar to B. pusillum, but differs in the number of gill rakers, and in the morphology of gill rakers and pectoral fins.  It can be distinguished from all other congeners on the basis of morphometric and meristic characters.
Species of the genus Munidopsis (Crustacea, Decapoda, Gala-theidae) from the deep Atlantic Ocean, including cold-seep and hydrothermal vent areas
Authors: MACPHERSON ENRIQUE , SEGONZAC MICHEL
Published: April 2017

Twenty-two species of the genus Munidopsis from the Atlantic Ocean are studied. Five new species are described (M. anemia, M. exuta, M. hirtella, M. laurentae and M. truculenta), and diagnoses and illustrations of some relatively rare species (M. acuminata, M. bairdii, M. livida, M. parfaiti and M. thieli) are provided. None of the species discussed here is restricted to a particular habitat, including species collected from hydrothermal vent (M. acutispina, M. exuta) and cold seep areas (M. acutispina, M. geyeri, M. hirtella, M. livida, M. marionis). The new records of some species greatly extend the previously known distribution range of the species (i.e., M. abyssicola, M. aries, M. bairdii, M. geyeri, M. livida, M. parfaiti, M. thieli). Finally, some biological and biogeographical data for the different species are discussed.
Learning From the 2016 U.S. General Election Presidential Debates
Authors: Winneg Kenneth , Jamieson Kathleen Hall
Published: April 2017

Over four decades of research show that presidential debates make it possible for viewers to learn about the issues and form opinions about the character of the candidates running for office, but whether this long-lived finding would hold true in 2016 was open to doubt. In this article, we draw on panel survey data gathered from viewers of the first and third 2016 general election presidential debates to document across time changes in knowledge of issue positions, beliefs about candidate qualifications and character, and perceptions that, if elected, a candidate would or would not pose a threat to the well-being of the nation. We find that viewers of postdebate coverage of the 2016 general election debates exhibited increased knowledge, but viewing the debates or the postdebate coverage had little effect on assessment of either candidate qualifications or perceptions of whether candidates would threaten the nation’s well-being, if elected.
Farm suicides in New Zealand, 2007–2015: A review of coroners’ records
Authors: Beautrais Annette L
Published: April 2017

Objective:

Economic recessions and severe weather events are often associated with increased suicide rates. The Global Dairy Crisis 2015/2016 led to an economic downturn in the New Zealand dairy farming industry and, coupled with droughts in some regions and floods in others, raised fears about increased suicide rates among farmers. However, little was known about suicides in the farming sector. This study reviews characteristics of recent farm-related suicides in New Zealand and assesses the extent to which financial stresses contributed to the deaths.

Methods:

Data were abstracted from coroners’ records for a consecutive series of 185 people in farm- and agriculture-related occupations who died by suicide between 2007 and 2015 and for whom coronial inquiries had been completed.

Results:

Farm suicides were heterogeneous: six distinct risk profiles were identified. Financial stresses made negligible contributions to farm suicides. Overall, risk factors for farm suicides differed little from risk factors for suicide in the general population. However, suicide risk in farmers was exacerbated by ready access to firearms: almost 40% of farm suicides involved firearms, compared to 8% in the general population over the same time. Among farm suicides, young male farm labourers predominated, rather than farm owners or managers. For many young men, relationship losses, acute alcohol intoxication and ready access to a firearm formed a common constellation of risk factors.

Conclusions:

While coroners’ records are variable and do not record specific information about financial stresses and weather events, it was clear that these issues made a negligible contribution to farm suicides. A range of rural suicide prevention initiatives are needed to address various farm suicide risk profiles. In particular, young male labourers often had no contact with health services prior to death, suggesting that rural suicide prevention efforts need to be positioned within community, farming and sports organisations, as well as health and social service providers.
Organizational Configurations for Sustainability and Employee Productivity: A Qualitative Comparative Analysis Approach
Authors: Delmas Magali A. , Pekovic Sanja
Published: April 2017

We propose a model that identifies the configurations of relations between environmental practices and other management practices that can improve employee performance, measured as labor productivity. To test our model, we use the qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) methodology, which allows us to demonstrate empirically how different configurations of management practices, including environmental practices, quality management systems, teamwork, and interorganizational relations, contribute to work systems in ways that increase labor productivity. Our results, based on data from 4,975 employees from 1,866 firms, show that environmental practices are associated with higher labor productivity only when they are combined with other management practices.
Beyond prosumer capitalism: Retaining the original understanding of prosumption
Authors: Dusi Davide
Published: April 2017

The term prosumption, simultaneously production and consumption, is becoming increasingly popular in the academic world. The growing interest in this concept, established by Alvin Toffler in 1980, is the result of several changes that fostered the fading of the classical producer–consumer division. Its increasing importance is especially noticeable in the social sciences. The attention George Ritzer recently devoted to this concept led to the development of a reworked version that raises concerns regarding the expansion of its applicability to all human activities and the proposal of the notion of prosumer capitalism as part of a new grand narrative in social sciences. Embracing the reworked version in preference to the original one seems not only to reduce the analytical power of the concept, but also to affect its ability to effectively describe a heterogeneous range of prosumption manifestations as well as to limit its fruitfulness for future research.
Psychometric Properties of the Flourishing Scale and Measurement Invariance Between Two Samples of Spanish University Students
Authors: De la Fuente Rocio , Parra Agueda , Sánchez-Queija Inmaculada
Published: April 2017

The Flourishing Scale (FS), created by Diener et al., is a brief subjective perception measurement which assesses flourishing and provides a single score across 8 items. The aim of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the FS. Participants were 1,502 university students from different faculties and fields of knowledge. The results reveal good internal consistency. The single factor structure of the FS was supported by the multigroup confirmatory factor analysis, which also provided evidence of the invariant structure of the scale across two subsamples. The scale’s convergent validity with another measure of psychological well-being and its discriminant validity with the depression, anxiety, and stress symptom scale were demonstrated through the significant correlations observed with said measures. The FS was found to be apt for use in evaluating general well-being in the Spanish population and may be considered a reliable measure in future well-being studies. It can also be used as an instrument for planning, executing, and/or assessing practical interventions in social, care, and health-related programs.
Induction Chemotherapy plus Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy vs Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Elderly Patients with Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Chunlin , Tang Xi , Wang Jiaojian , Song Jian , Xu Yanhua
Published: April 2017

Objective

This study aimed to compare survival and toxicity between induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (IC + CCRT) and concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) alone in elderly patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Study Design

Propensity‐matched analysis of survival and toxicity in a retrospective elderly cohort.

Setting

Department of Medical Oncology, Jingzhou Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.

Subjects and Methods

In total, 193 patients with stage III to IVb NPC who were treated with IC + CCRT or CCRT alone were enrolled. A cohort with suitable propensity scores was created (82 patients in the IC + CCRT group and 82 patients in the CCRT group). Survival and toxicity were compared between the 2 groups.

Results

For the IC + CCRT group and the CCRT group, the 5‐year locoregional failure‐free survival (LRFFS) rate was 80.4% and 77.2% (P =. 53), the 5‐year distant failure‐free survival (DFFS) rate was 80% and 76.9% (P =. 517), the 5‐year overall survival (OS) rate was 71.8% and 60.5% (P =. 26), and the 5‐year cancer‐specific survival (CSS) rate was 75.3% and 66.7% (P =. 144), respectively. There was a significant difference in the cumulative incidence of all grade 3 to 4 toxicities between the 2 groups (29.9% vs 17.7%, P = 4.8 × 10–6).

Conclusions

IC + CCRT had a high cumulative incidence of grade 3 to 4 toxicities in elderly patients with advanced NPC, while there were no improvements in 5‐year LRFFS rate, DFFS rate, OS rate, or CSS rate between patients who underwent the IC + CCRT vs CCRT alone. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy alone is still the standard of treatment.
Superior vena cava reconstruction under the left internal jugular vein to left femoral vein bypass support
Authors: Ba Jun , Peng Runsheng , Shi Hui , Wang Chunsheng
Published: April 2017

The complete surgical resection of malignant thymoma is recommended. We present a rare case of tumor resection and superior vena cava (SVC) reconstruction under veno-venous bypass support from the left internal jugular vein to the left femoral vein. The full amount of systemic heparinization (3 mg/kg) was avoided. The surgical pathology revealed thymic squamous cell carcinoma. No complications such as fatal extensive bleeding, coagulopathy, thromboembolism or transfusion reaction were found postoperatively. The patient was discharged home uneventfully. The support of this veno-venous bypass allows a safe and feasible thymic tumor resection and SVC reconstruction.
A Review of Methods for Analysis of the Expected Value of Information
Authors: Heath Anna , Manolopoulou Ioanna , Baio Gianluca
Published: April 2017

In recent years, value-of-information analysis has become more widespread in health economic evaluations, specifically as a tool to guide further research and perform probabilistic sensitivity analysis. This is partly due to methodological advancements allowing for the fast computation of a typical summary known as the expected value of partial perfect information (EVPPI). A recent review discussed some approximation methods for calculating the EVPPI, but as the research has been active over the intervening years, that review does not discuss some key estimation methods. Therefore, this paper presents a comprehensive review of these new methods. We begin by providing the technical details of these computation methods. We then present two case studies in order to compare the estimation performance of these new methods. We conclude that a method based on nonparametric regression offers the best method for calculating the EVPPI in terms of accuracy, computational time, and ease of implementation. This means that the EVPPI can now be used practically in health economic evaluations, especially as all the methods are developed in parallel with R functions and a web app to aid practitioners.
The Revolution Will Not Be Theorised: Du Bois, Locke, and the Howard School’s Challenge to White Supremacist IR Theory
Authors: Henderson Errol A.
Published: April 2017

This article briefly examines the contributions to International Relations (IR) theory of W.E.B. Du Bois and Alain Locke. Taking as a point of departure the recent work of Robert Vitalis1 on the ‘Howard School’ of IR of which these two were prominently associated, I both embrace and challenge Vitalis’ thesis on the importance of these two African American scholars to the academic field of IR. Embracing Vitalis’ invaluable articulation of the Howard School’s critique of white supremacist arguments prevalent in IR at its founding and well beyond, I also challenge Vitalis’ apparent disassociation of these scholars from the formulation of IR theory. Instead, I discuss how Du Bois and Locke provided some of the earliest theoretical arguments on the role of ‘national imperialism’ in modern war, as well as theses of cultural change and its impact on international relations.
How Gender-Role Salience Influences Attitude Strength and Persuasive Message Processing
Authors: Eaton Asia A. , Visser Penny S. , Burns Vicki
Published: April 2017

We conducted three studies to examine the relationship between gender and persuasion. We tested the notion that making gender roles salient affects the strength of individuals’ attitudes and the way they respond to persuasive information. In Studies 1 and 2, we found that priming women with the female gender role reduced the strength of their attitudes (Study 1, N = 50) and increased their susceptibility to persuasion through a low-thought process (Study 2, N = 98). In Study 3, we manipulated the salience of both the female and male gender roles among men and women and assessed persuasion to a counter-attitudinal message ( N = 185). We found that the female and male primes affected men and women similarly, with the female prime causing participants to process messages superficially and the male prime leading to thoughtful message processing. These findings help to explain women’s slightly greater persuadability in meta-analyses and provide evidence of harms that stereotypes about women can cause. Moving forward, we urge researchers to be wary of gender salience in the research context, especially when conducting persuasion research.
Between Childhood Maltreatment and Shame
Authors: Talmon Anat , Ginzburg Karni
Published: April 2017

One of the most devastating long-term outcomes of childhood maltreatment is a sense of shame, which is connected to distress and reduced well-being. The aim of the current study was to examine a dual-path model and to test the relations between childhood maltreatment, shame, and well-being as mediated by both self-objectification and a sense of disrupted body boundaries among 531 female college/university students living in Israel. Results from the structural equation modeling analyses indicated that both self-objectification and disrupted body boundaries significantly mediated the association between childhood maltreatment and sense of shame. In addition, both were associated with reduced levels of well-being, through the mediating role of shame. Finally, we discuss the role these paths may play in the detrimental long-term effects of childhood maltreatment and how they may be targeted in clinical interventions for adult survivors.
Knee Biomechanics During Jogging After Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Hall Michelle , Wrigley Tim V. , Metcalf Ben R. , Hinman Rana S. , Cicuttini Flavia M. , Dempsey Alasdair R. , Lloyd David G. , Bennell Kim L.
Published: April 2017

Background:

Altered knee joint biomechanics is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis and has been reported in patients after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM) while performing various activities. Longitudinally, understanding knee joint biomechanics during jogging may assist future studies to assess the implications of jogging on knee joint health in this population.

Purpose:

To investigate knee joint biomechanics during jogging in patients 3 months after APM and a healthy control group at baseline and 2 years later at follow-up.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

Seventy-eight patients who underwent medial APM and 38 healthy controls underwent a 3-dimensional motion analysis during barefoot overground jogging at baseline. Sixty-four patients who underwent APM and 23 controls returned at follow-up. External peak moments (flexion and adduction) and the peak knee flexion angle during stance were evaluated for the APM leg, non-APM leg (nonoperated leg), and control leg.

Results:

At baseline, the peak knee flexion angle was 1.4° lower in the APM leg compared with the non-APM leg ( P = .03). No differences were found between the moments in the APM leg compared with the control leg (all P > .05). However, the normalized peak knee adduction moment was 35% higher in the non-APM leg compared with the control leg ( P = .008). In the non-APM leg, the normalized peak knee adduction and flexion moments were higher compared with the APM leg by 16% and 10%, respectively, at baseline ( P ≤ .004). Despite the increase in the peak knee flexion moment in the APM leg compared with the non-APM leg ( P < .001), there were no differences in the peak knee flexion moment or any other parameter assessed at 2-year follow-up between the legs ( P > .05).

Conclusion:

Comparing the APM leg and control leg, no differences in knee joint biomechanics during jogging for the variables assessed were observed. Higher knee moments in the non-APM leg may have clinical implications for the noninvolved leg. Kinematic differences were small (~1.4°) and therefore of questionable clinical relevance.

Clinical Relevance:

These results may facilitate future clinical research regarding the implications of jogging on knee joint health in middle-aged, overweight patients after APM.
Across the Conference Table: Private and Public Mothering of Children With Learning Disabilities
Authors: Valle Jan W.
Published: April 2017

In this article, a narrative inquiry approach is used to investigate how mothers report their experiences of parenting children with learning disability (LD) within the culture of American motherhood and to explore what impact such experiences of motherhood might have upon their relationships with school professionals. Analysis of the mothers’ narratives yields two overarching themes: The Private Mother (inner thoughts and feelings about her own mothering) and The Public Mother (outward responses to others’ comments and behaviors about her mothering). Two subcategories are discussed within each overarching theme: Internalizing and Resisting Social Messages and Inside the Family (The Private Mother), and Judgment in Public Spaces and Mother as Outcast (The Public Mother). The author addresses implications of these findings and offers recommendations for collaborating with mothers of children identified as LD.
Coauthorship Networks in Public Service Motivation Scholarship: Implications for the Evolution of a Field
Authors: Hatmaker Deneen M. , Smith Amy E. , Pandey Sanjay K. , Subedi Sushmita
Published: April 2017

How does a body of scholarship emerge, develop, and evolve? Research is the product of a community of scholars and their collaboration over time builds and disseminates knowledge. One way to examine a scholarly community and scholarship evolution is to consider patterns of collaboration through coauthorship networks. This article conducts a social network analysis of coauthorship between public service motivation (PSM) scholars from 1990 to 2016. This analysis depicts the social structure of the field as it evolved and offers implications both for its theoretical progress and for individual scholars. In general, we find that the PSM coauthorship network has grown increasingly since 1990 but it is not a cohesive network of scholars. It consists of many disconnected subgroups that actually represent opportunities for individual scholars to build social capital and influence. We conclude with implications of our findings and we offer suggestions for further analysis.
Readers value objectivity over transparency
Authors: Tandoc Edson C. , Thomas Ryan J.
Published: April 2017

This study explored the effects of objectivity and transparency on perceived news credibility and newsworthiness. Some journalism scholars and practitioners have argued that transparency is replacing objectivity, which has been a dominant standard in traditional journalism. An online experiment (n=222) found that objective articles were rated more credible and more newsworthy than opinionated articles, while non-transparent articles were rated more credible than transparent articles.
Who Gets Blamed for Rapes: Effects of Immigration Status on the Attribution of Blame Toward Victims and Perpetrators
Authors: Sjöberg Mattias , Sarwar Farhan
Published: April 2017

This study examines the influence of the victim’s immigration status, perpetrator’s immigration status, and participant’s immigration status on victim and perpetrator blame attributions. In addition, comparisons between men and women were made. Participants read a rape vignette in the form of a newspaper article and subsequently attributed victim and perpetrator blame. A 2 (victim’s immigration status) × 2 (perpetrator’s immigration status) × 2 (participant’s immigration status) × 2 (gender of participant) between-subjects design was used. Measures of blame attributions toward the victim and perpetrator were used as dependent variables. The main results showed that participants with an immigrant background and native males attributed significantly more victim and less perpetrator blame. An interaction involving victim and perpetrator immigration status emerged for female participants and were subsequently discussed, as well as suggestions for future research.