bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monetary Announcement and Commodity Price Dynamics: A Portfolio Balance Model
Authors: Hu Shih-wen , Lai Ching-chong , Wang Vey
Published: March 2016

This paper sets up a simple portfolio balance model and investigates how commodity prices will exhibit as the monetary authorities conduct a pre–announced monetary policy. It is found that agricultural prices will rise discretely on impact but may either overshoot or undershoot its long-run level at the instant of policy announcement. Our results also indicate that, during the period following the announcement but prior to the monetary expansion, rising agricultural prices are coupled with an accumulation in the stock of agricultural products. However, when monetary expansion actually takes place, two possible patterns of adjustment may happen: rising agricultural prices are matched by a decrease in the stock of agricultural products and falling agricultural prices are coupled with an accumulation in the stock of agricultural products.
The Flute Factory: An Empirical Measurement of the Effect of the Division of Labor on Productivity and Production Cost
Authors: West Andrew
Published: March 2016

The positive effect of the division of labor on output and production cost is one of the most fundamental assumptions in economics. The effect was first introduced in the pin factory analyses of Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations (1776), and Charles Babbage, On the Economy of Machinery and Manufactures (1832). This paper analyses the effects of the division of labor by moving beyond Smith and Babbage's hypothetical observations of the division of labor and empirically testing and measuring its effect on output and production cost in a contemporary flute manufacturing plant. In doing so, this paper provides the first truly empirical measurement of the effects of the division of labor.
The Effect of a State Tax Credit on Giving to Community Foundations
Authors: Anderson Donna M. , Beier Ruth
Published: March 2016

The purpose of this study is to determine whether a tax credit provides an incentive for taxpayers to give to a certain type of charitable organization, the community foundation. The State of Michigan's 1988 Tax Credit for Community Foundations provides an opportunity to research this effect using data collected over five years from fifteen community foundations in Michigan. Results indicate that the size and number of individual and business donations to community foundations were positively influenced by the tax credit, implying that the tax credit was successful in achieving the goal of encouraging giving to these charitable organizations.
Transition and Adaptation to the Continuing Care Retirement Community From a Life Course Perspective: Something Old, Something New, and Something Borrowed
Authors: Ayalon Liat
Published: March 2016

The study examined the accounts of older adults and their adult children concerning the transition to the continuing care retirement community (CCRC) and the adjustment to it, using a life course perspective. Up to three waves of interviews, consisting of a total of 187 interviews with older adults and their adult children, were conducted between 6 months and 6 years from the transition to the CCRC. Thematic analysis was employed using comparisons across groups of interviewees (older adults and adult children) and waves of interviews (up to three waves) to identify core categories of meaning. Time perception was an organizing principle across interviews. Both older adults and their adult children perceived themselves as moving forward and backward in time following the transition to the CCRC and future expectations for deterioration. The study emphasizes the linked-lives of older adults and their adult children.
Accent, Gender, and Perceived Competence
Authors: Nelson Larry R. , Signorella Margaret L. , Botti Karin G.
Published: March 2016

Those who use non-indigenous accented speech often experience prejudice and discrimination, and in the United States, those speaking with Spanish accents are likely to be impacted. In research on speaker perceptions by type of accent, however, the gender of the speaker or of the perceiver has received less attention. In the present study, the impact of accent (North American- vs. Spanish-accented English), gender of speaker, and gender of rater on perceptions of competence were investigated in a sample of U.S. undergraduates. Participants heard a recording by either a male or female speaker who spoke in English with either a North American or Spanish accent. As hypothesized, Spanish-accented speakers were more likely to be judged negatively, female speakers were more likely to receive negative assessments, and male participants were more likely to show bias related to accent. The neglect of gender in the study of accent bias is discussed.
A Pilot Study
Authors: Running Alice , Hildreth Laura
Published: March 2016

Aim: To examine the effectiveness of a bio-energy intervention on self-reported stress for a convenience sample of University students, faculty, and staff during finals week. We hypothesized that participants would report a decrease in stress after a 20 minute bio-energy intervention. Study Design: A quasi-experimental, single-group, pretest–posttest design was used. Method: Thirty-nine faculty, staff, and students participated. Participants served as their own controls. A specific technique was provided by each bio-energy practitioner for 20 minutes after participants had completed a visual analogue scale identifying level of stress and listing two positive and negative behaviors they were currently using in response to stress. Results: A one-sample t test indicates that bio-energy therapy significantly reduces stress, t(35) = 7.74, p < .0001. A multiple regression analysis further indicates that the decrease in stress levels is significantly greater for higher initial stress levels, t(31) = 4.748, p < .0001); decreases in stress are significantly greater for faculty and staff compared to students, t(31) = −2.223, p = .034; and decreases in stress levels are marginally significantly higher for older participants, t(31) =1.946, p = .061. Conclusion: Bio-energy therapy may have benefit in reducing stress for faculty, staff, and students during final examination week. Further research is needed.
Honour and recognition in the German novel of banditry ca 1800
Authors: Cusack Andrew
Published: March 2016

This article performs a reading informed by Honneth’s theory of recognition of the two best-known German novels of banditry of the 1790s, Johann Heinrich Zschokke’s Abaellino der große Bandit (1794) and Christian August Vulpius’ Rinaldo Rinaldini (1799) in an effort to understand how popular literature participates in and reflects upon the discourse on honour and recognition around 1800. Its status as popular genre makes the novel of banditry ( Räuberroman) a potentially interesting source on shifts in the theory and practice of honour as experienced by ordinary Europeans at the turn of the 19th century. The genre was found to relate to the honour discourse not directly, but in the manner of a heterotopia, simultaneously located outside that discourse and referentially connected to it. Taken in isolation, the novel of banditry is not an informative source on the changing role of honour and new patterns of intersubjective recognition in late 18th century Europe. Seen as part of a particular constellation of textual production and reception, however, the genre sheds light on the aporias of honour experienced by those socially marginal ‘new readers’ intent on exploiting literature in the struggle for enhanced social recognition.
One of a kind: Literary heroes and their gangs – Authorial images in literary biopics
Authors: Nieberle Sigrid
Published: March 2016

Literary biopics tell stories of how to become an author or an authoress. Literary history as told by biographical pictures since the beginning of the 20th century depends on specific social and aesthetical contexts. The literary genius, who is in special militaristic narratives the head of an intellectual gang, rises in German history even before World War I and again in the mid-war era. This chapter discusses the later fascist version of Friedrich Schiller’s life in Herbert Maisch’s Triumph eines Genies (1940), which deals with the psychosocial dynamics of gang building and with biopics appearing after World War II, which develop various deviant author figures with obvious problems in their life and work, including homosocial desire, mental illness and addiction. In these movies, male homosocial bonding places the women writer as ‘the other’ outside the literary gang.
Reduction in the aerodynamic drag around a generic vehicle by using a non-smooth surface
Authors: Wang Yiping , Wu Cheng , Tan Gangfeng , Deng Yadong
Published: March 2016

Numerical investigations are carried out to investigate the reduction in the aerodynamic drag of a vehicle by employing a dimpled non-smooth surface. The computational scheme was validated by the experimental data reported in literature. The mechanism and the effect of the dimpled non-smooth surface on the drag reduction were revealed by analysing the flow field structure of the wake. In order to maximize the drag reduction performance of the dimpled non-smooth surface, an aerodynamic optimization method based on a Kriging surrogate model was employed to design the dimpled non-smooth surface. Four structure parameters were selected as the design variables, and a 16-level design-of-experiments method based on orthogonal arrays was used to analyse the sensitivities and the influences of the variables on the drag coefficient; a surrogate model was constructed from these. Then a multi-island genetic algorithm was employed to obtain the optimal solution for the surrogate model. Finally, the surrogate model and the simulation results showed that the optimal combination of design variables can reduce the aerodynamic drag coefficient by 5.20%.
What Determines Performance Gap Index of Health Care in Gujarat?
Authors: Iyengar Shreekant , Dholakia Ravindra H.
Published: March 2016

The health performance of Gujarat viewed in terms of the Human Development Index (HDI) portrays it as a medium performer in the country. However, the index of health component for Gujarat is found to be positively contributing to the HDI ranking of the state. It is, therefore, crucial to review the status of health performance of Gujarat among the other states for improving its relative standing in human development. In this context, the present article attempts to identify the gaps in performance of the health-related outcome, output and input indicators from the best performers in each indicator. Moreover, the article also reviews the trends in health performance of Gujarat over time and also estimates the effectiveness of the state in converting its health inputs to outputs and outputs to outcomes. The results indicate that the outcome indicators have improved in the absolute sense but have high performance gaps except the maternal mortality rate (MMR). Majority of the output and input indicators, however, show poor absolute performance and high performance gaps that have been expanding over time. The effectiveness of conversion of health indicators in Gujarat suggests that while the state has moved above average in conversion of outputs to outcomes, it has moved at a slightly below-average level in converting its inputs to outputs over time. Improving the health status of Gujarat requires targeted efforts in specific areas such as controlling neonatal deaths, improving coverage of children under immunization and addressing malnourishment. Additionally, building adequate health infrastructure and employing the required manpower are also relevant.
Prothrombin Time Tests for the Monitoring of Direct Oral Anticoagulants and Their Evaluation as Indicators of the Reversal Effect
Authors: Nagakari Kunihiko , Emmi Mari , Iba Toshiaki
Published: March 2016

Introduction:

The prompt assessment and the reversal of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are urgent matters in the emergency care setting. Thus, we planned to elucidate the adequate prothrombin time (PT) test for the evaluation of the anticoagulant effects of various DOACs.

Methods:

The anticoagulant effects of rivaroxaban, apixaban, and edoxaban were measured with 3 PT tests (Triniclot PT Excel S, Neoplastin R, and Thromborel S). Human plasma was spiked with each DOAC at a range of 0 to 1000 ng/mL, and the PT was measured using each PT test. In another series, the reversal effect of either 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) or activated PCC (aPCC) was evaluated with each PT test.

Results:

All PT reagents correlated with the concentrations of each DOAC, however, the reactivity was considerably different between the DOACs and the PT tests. A prolonged PT with DOACs was reversed both by PCC and aPCC in a dose-dependent manner; however, Triniclot PT Excel S showed reprolongation of the PT with a higher dose of PCC.

Conclusion:

The proper choice of PT test is necessary for the assessments of the anticoagulant activity of DOACs. It is also important to understand the different characteristics of each PT test for the assessment of the reversal effects of PCC.
News Translators
Authors: Marchi Regina
Published: March 2016

This article discusses how low-income Latino immigrant youth use the Internet for newsgathering. Contrary to previous assumptions about the digital divide, the youth almost universally owned cell phones and got most of their news online, although poverty affected the quality of their connectivity. However, a generational digital divide was evident, in which Internet-savvy youth had access to timelier and more diverse news than their parents. In a reversal of typical parent–child roles, the youth were “news translators” for their parents, explaining U.S. news stories and their implications. Moreover, in seeking, critiquing, creating, and posting content online, the youth gained participatory and deliberative skills useful for civic engagement in a democracy.
Bringing in “The Ones Who Know Them”
Authors: Sudderth Lori K.
Published: March 2016

Victim advocates help victims of intimate partner violence to plan for their safety and encourage them to find social support. In New Zealand, however, victims often bring supportive allies with them to safety planning meetings, and those allies help to plan for the victim’s safety. Interviews were conducted with representatives from 24 refuges in New Zealand, and from their perspective, the inclusion of allies in safety planning meetings is beneficial not only for social support but also for enhancing the safety of the victim. The benefits and implications of enlisting informal community members to help keep victims safe are discussed.
Observational study of trastuzumab-related cardiotoxicity in early and metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Grazziotin LR , Picon PD
Published: March 2016

Introduction

Trastuzumab-related cardiotoxicity has been a major concern in clinical practice, since observational studies have shown higher incidences than that reported in clinical trials. We aim to measure the incidence of trastuzumab-related cardiotoxicity in patients with early and metastatic breast cancer in the south of Brazil.

Methods

Multicenter prospective observational study, which included 109 patients with early or metastatic HER-2+ breast cancer undergoing any trastuzumab-based regimen. Cardiac events were measured by transthoracic echocardiography assessments and by signs and symptoms of heart failure.

Results

Trastuzumab-related cardiotoxicity was observed in 58 patients (53.2%). Emergency and hospitalization admissions were necessary in seven and three patients, respectively, due to symptoms of heart failure. One patient died in consequence of trastuzumab-related cardiotoxicity. In total, trastuzumab was discontinued in 31.2% of patients, of which almost a third could not return to treatment. In this study, no risk factors were significantly associated with the development of cardiotoxicity.

Discussion

The incidence of TRC and trastuzumab's early discontinuation observed was significantly higher in comparison with other studies. These findings endorse the fact that trastuzumab-related cardiotoxicity is a relevant adverse reaction, and therefore, cardiac dysfunction's monitoring must be highlighted in order to allow a safe use of trastuzumab in this population.
A new dynamic mesh algorithm for studying the 3D transient flow field of tilting pad journal bearings
Authors: Li Mengxuan , Gu Chaohua , Pan Xiaohong , Zheng Shuiying , Li Qiang
Published: March 2016

A new dynamic mesh algorithm is developed in this paper to realize the three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method for studying the small clearance transient flow field of tilting pad journal bearings (TPJBs). It is based on a structured grid, ensuring that the total number and the topology relationship of the grid nodes remain unchanged during the dynamic mesh updating process. The displacements of the grid nodes can be precisely recalculated at every time step. The updated mesh maintains high quality and is suitable for transient calculation of large journal displacement in FLUENT. The calculation results, such as the static equilibrium position and the dynamic characteristic coefficients, are consistent with the two-dimensional (2D) solution of the Reynolds equation. Furthermore, in the process of transient analysis, under conditions in which the journal is away from the static equilibrium position, evident differences appear between linearized and transient oil film forces, indicating that the nonlinear transient calculation is more suitable for studying the rotor-bearing system.
Determination of rolling element bearing condition via acoustic emission
Authors: Cockerill A , Clarke A , Pullin R , Bradshaw T , Cole P , Holford KM
Published: March 2016

Acoustic emission is an emerging technique for condition monitoring of rolling element bearings and potentially offers advantages for detection of incipient damage at an early stage of failure. Before such a technique can be applied with confidence for health monitoring, it is vital to understand the variation of acoustic emission generation with operating conditions in a healthy bearing. This paper investigates the effects of increased speed and load on the generation of acoustic emission within cylindrical roller bearings, and it was found that the root mean square signal level increased significantly with increasing speed whereas increasing load had a far weaker effect. The AERMS value for each experiment was compared with the trend of the Lambda value. The bearing was operating under full film lubrication regime, so it was determined that increases in AERMS were not caused by asperity contact. By consideration of trends in frequency energy amplitude, it was determined that excitation of the bearings resonant frequencies were responsible for an increase of energy in the frequency range of 20–60 kHz. The excitation energy at 330 kHz (the acoustic emission sensor’s resonant frequency) increased with load, indicating a link between high-frequency emission and stress at the contact zone. Following characterisation of the bearing under normal operating conditions, an accelerated life test was conducted in order to induce fatigue failure. The frequency response demonstrated that throughout a period of constant wear, the energy amplitude at the bearings resonant frequency increased with time. As the bearing failure became more significant, the energy of the high-frequency components above 100 kHz was spread over a broader frequency range as multiple transient bursts of energy were released simultaneously by fatigue failure of the raceways. This paper demonstrates the potential of acoustic emission to provide an insight into the bearing’s behaviour under normal operation and provide early indication of bearing failure.
Neuro-Physiological Psychotherapy (NPP): The development and application of an integrative, wrap-around service and treatment programme for maltreated children placed in adoptive and foster care placements
Authors: Vaughan Jay , McCullough Elaine , Burnell Alan
Published: March 2016

This article describes the development and application of a wrap-around, multidisciplinary, brain-based, developmental and attachment-focussed intervention for children who have experienced significant trauma in the context of their early life. It outlines the presentation of the children and families who are referred to the service and the model of treatment that they receive. In doing so, it identifies the core components underpinning Neuro-Physiological Psychotherapy (NPP) and links the application of the integrative model to research and practice in the field of neuroscience and attachment and to the use of therapeutic approaches that are beneficial to maltreated children and their adoptive parents. It highlights the need for a neuro-sequential approach that impacts all aspects of the child’s life in the effort to redress the impact of developmental trauma with the aim of improving their overall functioning and their ability to develop healthy relationships into the future.
Clinical improvements in adopted children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders through neurodevelopmentally informed clinical intervention: A pilot study
Authors: Zarnegar Zohreh , Hambrick Erin P , Perry Bruce D , Azen Stanley P , Peterson Cassandra
Published: March 2016

Research on early intervention for young children (infants and toddlers) with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), particularly children with comorbid maltreatment experiences, is limited. Existing research has primarily focused on structuring environments to be responsive to the needs experienced by children with FASD rather than improving their functioning. The purpose of this study is to present outcomes from an early psychosocial intervention with 10 adopted, maltreated young children diagnosed with FASD, aged 10–53 months ( M = 35 months), and their adoptive parents. The potential for early, targeted interventions to improve developmental outcomes for children with prenatal alcohol exposure was examined, as well as improving the skills of and reducing stress experienced by their adoptive parents. Based on the outcomes of a neurodevelopmentally informed assessment protocol, the 10 children whose data are presented were recommended to receive a range of regulatory, somatosensory, relational, and cognitive enrichments. As part of their treatment, children and caregivers received Child–Parent Psychotherapy (CPP), and caregivers (here, adoptive parents) also received Mindful Parenting Education (MPE). Related-samples Wilcoxon signed-rank tests indicated that scores of several measures of child developmental functioning improved from pre- to post-intervention and that parents’ caregiving skills improved while their caregiving stress decreased. Reliable change analyses indicated that change observed from pre- to post-intervention was reliable. The promise of using neurodevelopmentally informed assessment strategies to sequence interventions for young children with diverse neurodevelopmental insults is discussed.
The Forum for Defence of the Brazilian Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde) and its role in building community participation in the fight against the privatization of health
Authors: de Lara Lutiane , de Fátima Guareschi Neuza Maria
Published: March 2016

Based on a Foucauldian framework, this article discusses the involvement of the Forum for Defence of the Sistema Único de Saúde in the fight against health care privatization. Community participation is a locus of experience that produces subjects implicated in the production of public health care. The locus of experience in this instance derives from the rejection of private elements that historically have been part of Brazilian public policies. It is an experience that produces workers and service users as agents able to defend the public system and endowed with instituting power.
Effectiveness of a multidimensional web-based intervention program to change Brazilian health practitioners’ attitudes toward the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender population
Authors: Costa Angelo Brandelli , Pase Paola Fagundes , de Camargo Eric Seger , Guaranha Camila , Caetano Adriano Henrique , Kveller Daniel , da Rosa Filho Heitor Thomé , Catelan Ramiro Figueiredo , Koller Silvia Helena , Nardi Henrique Caetano
Published: March 2016

The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a multidimensional (educational, affective and behavioural) web-based intervention to change healthcare practitioners’ attitudes toward lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender population. It aimed to measure gender and sexual (GenSex) prejudice pre- and post-intervention in relation to sociodemographic characteristics. A total of 307 health practitioners from southern Brazil enrolled and completed the follow-up assessment. The intervention had significant effects, varying across traditionally high prejudiced groups. State- and street-level continuous prejudice reduction policies are suggested.
Work-related mental disorders and their inclusion in health policies in the Brazilian Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde)
Authors: Cocchiola-Silva Rafaela A
Published: March 2016

This study discusses the inclusion of mental disorders as work-related diseases in occupational health policies in Brazil. Mental disorders first appeared as a group of occupational diseases in 1999. Establishing mental disorders as occupational diseases was a result of the confluence of several factors: a broader notion of health, a positive shift in public perception regarding preconceived judgements relating to mental disorders and the improvement in the process that defines social security benefit entitlements due to the implementation of a new methodology in 2007.
Care in movement: Health psychology in the Sofia Feldman Maternity Hospital in Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Authors: Spink Peter Kevin , Horta Julia C A , Brigagão Jacqueline M , Menegon Vera M , Spink Mary-Jane P
Published: March 2016

Psychologists in hospital settings are part of a complex network of professional relationships in constant negotiation. In addition, psychologists have skills that enable them to work with social phenomena and to act strategically within them. This is especially important in inter-disciplinary team work where professional boundaries can generate barriers to change. This article shows how psychologists of a maternity hospital in a working-class district of a large Brazilian city adapted to an integral approach to health care in a way that helped other professionals to rethink practices.
Psycho-physiological responses to plant variegation as measured through eye movement, self-reported emotion and cerebral activity
Authors: Elsadek Mohamed , Sun Minkai , Fujii Eijiro
Published: March 2016

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of different variegation of interior plant foliage on visual attention, subjective emotions and cerebral activity. Thirty Egyptian male subjects were presented with five different varieties of Hedera helix for 60 s in random orders. During this time, eye movements and cerebral activity were recorded, and subjective data were then gathered via a semantic differential scale. The results show clear evidence in support of the use of green-yellow and bright green-coloured plants in locations in which comfort and calmness are required, while red and dark green plants can be used to improve energy in places such as offices and children’s areas. In contrast, the green-white plants stimulated mostly negative emotions. These findings suggest that landscape and interior designers should pay more attention for choosing foliage colours during indoor decoration.
Influence of single and dual particle reinforcements on the corrosion behavior of aluminum alloy based composites
Authors: Singla Yogesh K , Chhibber Rahul , Avdesh  , Goyal Shweta , Sharma Vipin
Published: March 2016

This article presents the results of a study on the corrosion characteristics of the single and dual particle reinforced aluminum alloy 6063 based composites. The reinforcements of silicon carbide and zircon sand were utilized to fabricate the composites by stir casting technique. The influence of reinforcement and their weight percentage on the hardness variations was investigated. The electrochemical tests in sodium chloride solution were conducted to study the corrosion performance of reinforced composites and base alloy. From the corrosion analysis, it was observed that the single particle reinforcement offered better solution on enhancing the corrosion resistance of base aluminum alloy in comparison with dual particle reinforced composites. In the single particle reinforced composites, addition of zircon sand exhibited increased corrosion resistance, when compared to silicon carbide reinforced composites. The governing mechanism behind increased corrosion resistance was found to be the absence of galvanic coupling between the elemental compounds and the corrosive media at particle–matrix interface. The scanning electron microscopy of composites was performed to analyze corrosion mechanism and correlated well with the corrosion behavior.
Social work doctoral education: Are doctoral students being prepared to teach?
Authors: Maynard Brandy R , Labuzienski Elizabeth M , Lind Kristina S , Berglund Andrew H , Albright David L
Published: March 2016

Longstanding tensions exist around the purpose of social work doctoral programs, particularly around the extent to which doctoral program should prepare their students to teach. Indeed, social work programs in the United States have been criticized for failing to prepare graduates for teaching; however, it has been a number of years since doctoral curricula have been reviewed. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which US social work doctoral programs are training their students to teach by assessing the extent to which pedagogical training is explicitly integrated into doctoral curricula and examining the scope and content of required doctoral courses on teaching. Content analysis of social work doctoral program curricula ( n = 72) and teaching and learning related course syllabi ( n = 24) was conducted by two coders. Syllabi were coded and analyzed to produce a profile of course objectives, readings, teaching strategies, assessment methods, and course content.

Findings

Of the 72 PhD programs, 90% included a goal related to the preparation of their students for teaching; however, only 37 (51%) required a course on teaching. Course content, teaching, and assessment methods were found to vary across courses.

Applications

Training the next generation of social work practitioners to engage in effective social work practice is critical to the profession; however, the preparation of doctoral students to provide quality education to future social work practitioners seems to be largely neglected. Implications for doctoral education are discussed.
Touring the fashion: Branding the city
Authors: Skivko Maria
Published: March 2016

This article aims to explain the process through which the fashion phenomenon creates city representations. The city is thus examined by means of a framework of tourism practices and related consumer patterns. Consequently, fashion is also understood as a consumer approach that influences the production of consumer patterns. Three perspectives reflect the ways in which representations are constructed and emphasise the possibility of reorganising space and creating consumer scripts. Drawing on examples of the representations of Paris and Amsterdam, this article explains variations in representations that are dependent on the fashion phenomenon’s focus, the type of tourist practices and access to tourist activities. Suggestions are provided for further investigation of the interdependency between institutional organisations and their influence on represented cities.
The use of cognitive behaviour therapy in the management of BPSD in dementia (Innovative practice)
Authors: Koder Deborah
Published: March 2016

Psychosocial approaches to the management of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia have received much support in the scientific literature. The following paper focuses on cognitive behaviour therapy as a valid framework in assessing and treating people with behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia. The importance of identifying symptoms of depression and anxiety is emphasized, as cognitive behaviour therapy has been shown to be an effective intervention for these conditions in older adults. Modifications of cognitive behaviour therapy for those with dementia are discussed based on available evidence, with emphasis on incorporating nursing home staff in treatment programs and focusing on behavioural elements of cognitive behaviour therapy such as activity scheduling. The paper concludes with suggestions regarding how to incorporate and promote the use of cognitive behaviour therapy in dementia care settings.
Educational Psychology’s Instructional Challenge: Pre-service Teacher Concerns Regarding Classroom-Level Data-Driven Decision-Making
Authors: Dunn Karee E.
Published: March 2016

Data-driven decision-making (DDDM) is a difficult topic to cover, but typically required, in the applied educational psychology course or other courses required for teacher licensure in the United States. While a growing body of literature indicates in-service teachers are resistant to DDDM and underprepared to engage in it, little has been done to understand pre-service teachers while they are still in the ideal arena in which to address resistance and subsequently build DDDM skills. The purpose of this study was to examine pre-service teachers’ affective response to the classroom-level DDDM via their concerns profile ( n = 78). Participants’ concerns profile revealed that much like in-service teacher literature suggests, this sample of pre-service teachers were resistant to learning more about DDDM, believed they knew of better innovations for use, and are unlikely to use DDDM in their future classrooms. The findings provide important insight for those of us tasked with covering this topic in our educational psychology courses.
Guided waves in a stiffened composite laminate with a delamination
Authors: Ricci Fabrizio , Monaco Ernesto , Maio Leandro , Boffa Natalino D , Mal Ajit K
Published: March 2016

The integrity of safety-critical structural composites can be enhanced by the use of innovative ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation techniques. Among the various existing techniques, guided wave methods provide a good promise in terms of sensitivity to a variety of damage types or defects and the extent of the area that can be monitored, given the ability of these waves to travel relatively long distances within the structure under investigation. In comparison with isotropic metallic structures, wave propagation in composite structures presents additional complexity for effective damage identification. The material inhomogeneity, anisotropy, and the multilayered construction of composite materials lead to significant dependence of wave modes on laminate layup configurations, direction of propagation, frequency, and interface conditions. In this article, a specific structure will be analyzed with different levels of complexities in an effort to determine the propagation characteristics of the waves. The investigated structure is a stiffened composite plate of finite thickness and infinite lateral dimensions. The work is carried out using theoretical analysis, numerical modeling, and laboratory experiments. Numerical (finite element) simulations are used for more realistic models, where the geometric and material complexities present practical difficulties in direct analysis using theoretical constructs only.
Gastrin attenuates ischemia-reperfusion-induced intestinal injury in rats
Authors: Liu Zhihao , Luo Yongli , Cheng Yunjiu , Zou Dezhi , Zeng Aihong , Yang Chunhua , Xu Jia , Zhan Hong
Published: March 2016

Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a devastating complication when the blood supply is reflowed in ischemic organs. Gastrin has critical function in regulating acid secretion, proliferation, and differentiation in the gastric mucosa. We aimed to determine whether gastrin has an effect on intestinal I/R damage. Intestinal I/R injury was induced by 60-min occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery followed by 60-min reperfusion, and the rats were induced to be hypergastrinemic by pretreated with omeprazole or directly injected with gastrin. Some hypergastrinemic rats were injected with cholecystokinin-2 (CCK-2) receptor antagonist prior to I/R operation. After the animal surgery, the intestine was collected for histological analysis. Isolated intestinal epithelial cells or crypts were harvested for RNA and protein analysis. CCK-2 receptor expression, intestinal mucosal damage, cell apoptosis, and apoptotic protein caspase-3 activity were measured. We found that high gastrin in serum significantly reduced intestinal hemorrhage, alleviated extensive epithelial disruption, decreased disintegration of lamina propria, downregulated myeloperoxidase activity, tumor necrosis factor-α, and caspase-3 activity, and lead to low mortality in response to I/R injury. On the contrary, CCK-2 receptor antagonist L365260 could markedly impair intestinal protection by gastrin on intestinal I/R. Severe edema of mucosal villi with severe intestinal crypt injury and numerous intestinal villi disintegrated were observed again in the hypergastrinemic rats with L365260. The survival in the hypergastrinemic rats after intestinal I/R injury was shortened by L365260. Finally, gastrin could remarkably upregulated intestinal CCK-2 receptor expression. Our data suggest that gastrin by omeprazole remarkably attenuated I/R induced intestinal injury by enhancing CCK-2 receptor expression and gastrin could be a potential mitigator for intestinal I/R damage in the clinical setting.
An unusual presentation of metastatic melanoma in the shoulder
Authors: Branford White Harriet A , Mourant Philipa , Woods David A
Published: March 2016

A 72-year-old lady underwent a Copeland hemiarthoplasty of the shoulder for rotator cuff arthropathy with a good functional outcome. Her past medical history included previous management of a malignant melanoma. Several years following arthroplasty surgery, she acutely developed signs and symptoms of prosthetic joint infection. The present case report describes the metastatic spread of malignant melanoma mimicking that of prosthetic sepsis.
Geography, ontological politics and the resilient future
Authors: Simon Stephanie , Randalls Samuel
Published: March 2016

Applications of ‘resilience’ have stretched it to the point of breaking, yet it still maintains a remarkable capacity to organize relations in diverse fields of geographical concern such as ecological management, development, security, psychology and urban preparedness. Critical takes on resilience have emphasized its neo-liberal roots and utility. Whilst we do not disagree with this stance, our critical intervention argues that there are multiple resiliences invoking differing spatialities, temporalities and political implications and that this multiplicity is an important part of the work that resilience can do. We explore diverse mobilizations of resilience thinking across a wide array of empirical domains drawing out the differing ontological bases of resiliences and the interventions meant to promote them, particularly given the tension between a desire for open, non-linearity on the one hand and a mission to control and manage on the other. Rather than take resilience to be a determinedly new shift in policymaking, we explore how the post-political qualities of ‘resilience multiple’ can enable changes in behaviours and practices that slide between conflicting and contestable visions of the good life and desirable futures. We argue that the only way to critically interrogate resilience is to force the question of particulars in its diverse articulations, and, thus, geographers should engage in debating the ontological politics of resilience multiple.
Coordinating and situating resilience multiple
Authors: Fisher Karen
Published: March 2016

This commentary responds to the proposal for geographers to engage in debating the ontological politics of resilience multiple. An examination of how resilience is (multiply) deployed and enacted at points of articulation provides a means by which to politicize the proliferation of resilience interventions and to comprehend the world-making effects of resilience practices. In considering how resilience practices make (different) worlds, in this commentary, I review two particular, situated contexts in Aotearoa New Zealand to investigate how resilience multiple hangs together.
‘I–We’ boundary fluctuations in couple adjustment to rectal cancer and life with a permanent colostomy
Authors: McCarthy Molly , Fergus Karen , Miller Debbie
Published: March 2016

This study investigates couples’ adjustment to rectal cancer and a colostomy using the ‘Classification System of Couple Adjustment to Cancer’, a framework delineating fluctuations in couples’ sense of ‘I’ and ‘We’ in response to cancer. Nine couples affected by rectal cancer and adjusting to life with a colostomy were interviewed. A theoretical thematic analysis of the transcripts was conducted; nearly all ‘I–We’ shifts of the Classification System of Couple Adjustment to Cancer were observed – often in unique ways in response to rectal cancer–specific challenges – and one new shift was described. The results provide a novel and experientially grounded means of conceptualizing complex dyadic coping processes.
“This Is Who We Are!” National Identity Construction and the 2014 FIFA World Cup
Authors: Atwell Seate Anita , Ma Rong , Iles Irina , McCloskey Thomas , Parry-Giles Shawn
Published: March 2016

Drawing on the literature on American nationalism and the social identity perspective, this study examines the effects of mediasport on nationalized attitudes, using both rhetorical and experimental approaches. First, a rhetorical analysis examined the nationalistic themes featured in the game promotional ad of the United States versus Ghana soccer match in World Cup 2014, linking these themes to the republicanism/liberalism paradox in American political thought. Using the social identity perspective, we predicted the effects of these themes on U.S. participants’ nationalized attitudes and tested our hypotheses using an experiment. Experimental findings indicate that exposure to nationalistic rhetoric indirectly increases uncritical patriotism, critical patriotism, and support of militarism attitudes via self-enhancement gratifications. Additionally, exposure to nationalistic rhetoric also indirectly influences uncritical patriotism via social uncertainty reduction gratifications. Our study demonstrates the utility of a mixed-method approach and points out directions for future research on the (re)construction of social identities through mediasport.
Male Role Attitudes and Self-Esteem
Authors: Lam Chun Bun , Lefkowitz Eva S.
Published: March 2016

This study examined the developmental pattern of male role attitudes and the within-person association of male role attitudes with self-esteem among college students. On four occasions across 3 years, 408 heterosexual college students (48% male; 28% Latino American, 32% African American, and 40% European American; mean age at Time 1 = 18.46 years) completed surveys. Multilevel models revealed that, although men’s male role attitudes became more traditional over the first 2 years of college and more flexible again toward the end, women’s male role attitudes remained unchanged over time. Moreover, within-person variation in male role attitudes was negatively linked to men’s, but not women’s, within-person variation in self-esteem. Findings highlight the importance of studying curvilinear changes in gender development and the adjustment implications of gender-related constructs for college-attending emerging adults.
Respiratory Muscle Paralysis Associated With Colistin, Polymyxin B, and Muscle Relaxants Drugs
Authors: Myint Thein , Evans Martin E. , Burgess Donna R. , Greenberg Richard N.
Published: March 2016

Polymyxins B and E (colistin) exert a bactericidal effect on the gram-negative bacterial cell wall, causing permeability changes in the cytoplasmic membrane, leading to cell death. Their use was substantially decreased in clinical practice from the 1970s to 2000s due to their significant nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity compared to the newly introduced antibiotics. The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria infections in this century has led to an upsurge in the use of these “older” drugs. Respiratory paralysis caused by neuromuscular blockage associated with the use of polymyxin B and E was reported mostly in literature published in the 1960s to 1970s with a few reports after 2000. In addition, such a reaction might be enhanced by the presence of other classes of drugs. We report a case of polymyxin B and E–induced apnea in a patient receiving “muscle relaxants.”
Faculty's Role in Assisting New Graduate Nurses' Adjustment to Practice
Authors: Sparacino Lisa L.
Published: March 2016

The purpose of this research was to identify nursing faculty behaviors that reduced the stress and anxiety experienced by new graduate nurses as they transcended from the role of student to professional registered nurse. New graduate nurses often go through a period of high anxiety and stress as they adapt to the role of professional nursing. Known as role transition, many new graduate nurses have difficulty remaining employed and leave the profession of nursing. Staff educators in the health-care industry have worked on developing orientation programs targeted at reducing the anxiety and stress experienced by new graduate nurses. Nursing faculty in academia have worked to provide student nurses with the education needed to practice in an ever-evolving complex health-care system. Despite efforts to provide the education needed, role transition remains a relevant barrier in the ability of many nurses to adjust from the role of student to professional registered nurse. Once specific behaviors were identified, a beginning theory was developed. The beginning theory was developed from the five categories derived from the coding process. They are caring, rigor, experience, knowledge, and professionalism. The purpose of the beginning theory is to provide guidance for nursing faculty as they prepare students for professional practice.
First occurrence of moskvinite-(Y) in the Ilímaussaq alkaline complex, South Greenland – implications for rare-earth element mobility
Authors: Friis Henrik
Published: March 2016

Moskvinite-(Y), Na2K(Y,REE)Si6O15, is a rare mineral, which until now has only been described from its type locality Dara-i-Pioz, Tajikistan. At Ilímaussaq moskvinite-(Y) was discovered in a drill core from Kvanefjeld, where it occurs as a replacement mineral associated with a mineral belonging to the britholite group. The composition was determined by a combination of electron probe microanalysis and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analyses. The empirical formula based on 15 oxygens is Na1.94K0.99(Y0.94Yb0.03Er0.03Dy0.03Ho0.01Gd0.01)∑1.05Si5.98O15. The coexistence of an almost pure Y and a light rare-earth element (REE) mineral is interpreted as fractionation ofREEand Y during the replacement of an earlier formedREEmineral. Theoretical calculations of the observed replacement of feldspathoids by natrolite show that the generated fluid would have pH > 8, which inhibits large scale mobility ofREE. In addition, a K-Fe sulfide member of the chlorbartonite-bartonite group is for the first time observed in Ilímaussaq where it occurs where sodalite is replaced by natrolite and arfvedsonite by aegirine. The sulfide incorporates the S and some of the Cl generated by the alteration of sodalite, whereas the K and Fe originates from the replacement of arfvedsonite by aegirine.