bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phonological selection patterns in early words: A preliminary cross-linguistic investigation
Authors: Davis Barbara L. , Chenu Florence , Yi Hoyoung
Published: April 2018

Some researchers have suggested that young children choose to say mainly words containing sounds they can produce and avoid words with sounds they find difficult to produce. This proposed pattern of ‘selection’ supports a hypothesis of dominance of phonological factors in words children choose to say. Based on longitudinal spontaneous data samples during their first 50 word period, word-based tokens produced by two English and two French monolingual children were analyzed. Token frequencies in spontaneously produced word targets (SW-T) were compared to children's actual productions (SW-A) of those target words to understand relationships between targets children choose to say and their patterns in actual productions, (i.e., to evaluate the presence of ‘selection’). Place of articulation (i.e., labial, coronal and dorsal) in initial word position within CV, CVC, and CVCV word forms was compared. Analysis of spontaneous output in daily interactions in children learning two languages with differing phonological systems enables a more general evaluation of issues related to the interface of phonological and lexical aspects during the earliest period of language acquisition.
Viscerotropic leishmaniasis: a systematic review of the case reports to highlight spectrum of the infection in endemic countries
Authors: Abdoli Amir , Maspi Nahid , Ghaffarifar Fatemeh , Nasiri Vahid
Published: April 2018

Visceral leishmaniasis is an important neglected parasitic disease that is generally caused byLeishmania infantum,Leishmania donovaniandLeishmania chagasi. However, several causative species of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) causes an interstitial form of leishmaniasis which known viscerotropic leishmaniasis. The aim of this paper is a systematic review of the cases of viscerotropic leishmaniasis to present the main causative agents, clinical manifestations, treatment and outcomes of the cases. An electronic search (any date to August 2017) without language restrictions was performed using Medline, PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar. The searches identified 19 articles with total 30 case reports. Of them, old worldLeishmaniaspecies was reported from 23 (76.7%) cases, including 20 cases ofL. tropicaand three cases ofL. major; whereas new worldLeishmaniaspecies were reported in seven (23.4%) cases. The infection was more prevalent in male (24/30, 80%) than female (5/30, 16.7%) patients. Co-morbidity/co-infection was observed in 13 out of 30 cases (43.4%), which the most of them was HIV/AIDS (10 out of 13 cases, 76.9%). The results suggested that viscerotropic leishmaniasis should be more attended in the endemic countries of CL and in immunocompromised patients in order to exact discrimination from other endemic infectious diseases.
Nonflatness and totality
Authors: KARÁDAIS BASIL A.
Published: April 2018

We interpret finite types as domains over nonflat inductive base types in order to bring out the finitary core that seems to be inherent in the concept of totality. We prove a strong version of the Kreisel density theorem by providing a total compact element as a witness, a result that we cannot hope to have if we work with flat base types. To this end, we develop tools that deal adequately with possibly inconsistent finite sets of information. The classical density theorem is reestablished via a ‘finite density theorem,’ and corollaries are obtained, among them Berger's separation property.
Large right ventricular sinusoids in an infant with aorta–left ventricular tunnel and proximal right coronary artery atresia
Authors: Chen Peter C. , Spinner Joseph A. , Heinle Jeffrey S.
Published: April 2018

We report a 1-month-old infant diagnosed with an aorta–left ventricular tunnel, ventricular septal defect, and right coronary atresia with right ventricular sinusoids. The patient’s anatomy and physiology did not indicate right-ventricular-dependent coronary circulation, and therefore right ventricular decompression could be performed without compromising coronary perfusion during surgical correction. A detailed understanding of the coronary anatomy is critical in managing this defect when coronary anomalies are present.
MECHANICAL FEEDBACK IN SEASHELL GROWTH AND FORM
Authors: ERLICH A. , HOWELL R. , GORIELY A. , CHIRAT R. , MOULTON D. E.
Published: April 2018

Mollusc seashells grow through the local deposition and calcification of material at the shell opening by a soft and thin organ called the mantle. Through this process, a huge variety of shell structures are formed. Previous models have shown that these structural patterns can largely be understood by examining the mechanical interaction between the deformable mantle and the rigid shell aperture to which it adheres. In this paper we extend this modelling framework in two distinct directions. For one, we incorporate a mechanical feedback in the growth of the mollusc. Second, we develop an initial framework to couple the two primary and orthogonal modes of pattern formation in shells, which are termed antimarginal and commarginal ornamentation. In both cases we examine the change in shell morphology that occurs due to the different mechanical influences and evaluate the hypotheses in light of the fossil record.
Quantitative diffusion measurements using the open-source software PyFRAP
Authors: Bläßle Alexander , Soh Gary , Braun Theresa , Mörsdorf David , Preiß Hannes , Jordan Ben M. , Müller Patrick
Published: April 2018

Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching (FRAP) and inverse FRAP (iFRAP) assays can be used to assess the mobility of fluorescent molecules. These assays measure diffusion by monitoring the return of fluorescence in bleached regions (FRAP), or the dissipation of fluorescence from photoconverted regions (iFRAP). However, current FRAP/iFRAP analysis methods suffer from simplified assumptions about sample geometry, bleaching/photoconversion inhomogeneities, and the underlying reaction-diffusion kinetics. To address these shortcomings, we developed the software PyFRAP, which fits numerical simulations of three-dimensional models to FRAP/iFRAP data and accounts for bleaching/photoconversion inhomogeneities. Using PyFRAP we determined the diffusivities of fluorescent molecules spanning two orders of magnitude in molecular weight. We measured the tortuous effects that cell-like obstacles exert on effective diffusivity and show that reaction kinetics can be accounted for by model selection. These applications demonstrate the utility of PyFRAP, which can be widely adapted as a new extensible standard for FRAP analysis.
A Tad pilus promotes the establishment and resistance of Vibrio vulnificus biofilms to mechanical clearance
Authors: Pu Meng , Rowe-Magnus Dean Allistair
Published: April 2018

Vibrio vulnificus is autochthonous to estuaries and warm coastal waters. Infection occurs via open wounds or ingestion, where its asymptomatic colonization of seafood, most infamously oysters, provides a gateway into the human food chain. Colonization begins with initial surface contact, which is often mediated by bacterial surface appendages called pili. Type IV Tad pili are widely distributed in the Vibrionaceae, but evidence for a physiological role for these structures is scant. The V. vulnificus genome codes for three distinct tad loci. Recently, a positive correlation was demonstrated between the expression of tad-3 and the phenotypes of a V. vulnificus descendent (NT) that exhibited increased biofilm formation, auto-aggregation, and oyster colonization relative to its parent. However, the mechanism by which tad pilus expression promoted these phenotypes was not determined. Here, we show that deletion of the tad pilin gene (flp) altered the near-surface motility profile of NT cells from high curvature, orbital retracing patterns characteristic of cells actively probing the surface to low curvature traces indicative of wandering and diminished bacteria–surface interactions. The NT flp pilin mutant also exhibited decreased initial surface attachment, attenuated auto-aggregation and formed fragile biofilms that disintegrated under hydrodynamic flow. Thus, the tad-3 locus, designated iam, promoted initial surface attachment, auto-aggregation and resistance to mechanical clearance of V. vulnificus biofilms. The prevalence of tad loci in the Vibrionaceae suggests that they may play equally important roles in other family members.
Author Correction: First identification of marine diatoms with anti-tuberculosis activity
Authors: Lauritano Chiara , Martín Jesús , de la Cruz Mercedes , Reyes Fernando , Romano Giovanna , Ianora Adrianna
Published: April 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
Author Correction: Supersaturation-controlled microcrystallization and visualization analysis for serial femtosecond crystallography
Authors: Lee Dan Bi , Kim Jong-Min , Seok Jong Hyeon , Lee Ji-Hye , Jo Jae Deok , Mun Ji Young , Conrad Chelsie , Coe Jesse , Nelson Garrett , Hogue Brenda , White Thomas A. , Zatsepin Nadia , Weierstall Uwe , Barty Anton , Chapman Henry , Fromme Petra , Spence John , Chung Mi Sook , Oh Chang-Hyun , Kim Kyung Hyun
Published: April 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
Postprandial glycemic control during gestational diabetes pregnancy predicts the risk of recurrence
Authors: Schwartz Naama , Green Manfred S. , Yefet Enav , Nachum Zohar
Published: April 2018

In this study we aimed to explore the significance of glycemic control during gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) pregnancy in predicting recurrence as this is unknown. A retrospective population-based cohort study of women with first diagnosed GDM pregnancy was conducted. A total of 426 women with 4,226 glucose charts were obtained. Daily glucose values were collected from the glucose charts. Non-parametric (LOWESS) regression was used to present the glucose measurements along the gestational weeks. The analyses revealed that the 2-hour postprandial levels among women with GDM recurrence were substantially higher throughout gestation (PR = 1.89 [95% CI: 1.33, 2.73] for every 20 mg/dl increase). In a multivariable log-binomial regression, the mean postprandial glucose was significantly associated with GDM recurrence (p = 0.017) after adjusting for maternal age, family history of diabetes, insulin use, and inter-pregnancy interval (PR = 1.04 [95% CI: 1.01, 1.07]). The study conclusion is that tighter postprandial glycemic control should be considered. Future studies should explore tighter cutoffs of the 2-hour postprandial glucose.
Popularity and Novelty Dynamics in Evolving Networks
Authors: Abbas Khushnood , Shang Mingsheng , Abbasi Alireza , Luo Xin , Xu Jian Jun , Zhang Yu-Xia
Published: April 2018

Network science plays a big role in the representation of real-world phenomena such as user-item bipartite networks presented in e-commerce or social media platforms. It provides researchers with tools and techniques to solve complex real-world problems. Identifying and predicting future popularity and importance of items in e-commerce or social media platform is a challenging task. Some items gain popularity repeatedly over time while some become popular and novel only once. This work aims to identify the key-factors: popularity and novelty. To do so, we consider two types of novelty predictions: items appearing in the popular ranking list for the first time; and items which were not in the popular list in the past time window, but might have been popular before the recent past time window. In order to identify the popular items, a careful consideration of macro-level analysis is needed. In this work we propose a model, which exploits item level information over a span of time to rank the importance of the item. We considered ageing or decay effect along with the recent link-gain of the items. We test our proposed model on four various real-world datasets using four information retrieval based metrics.
Genetically engineered two-warhead evasins provide a method to achieve precision targeting of disease-relevant chemokine subsets
Authors: Alenazi Yara , Singh Kamayani , Davies Graham , Eaton James R. O. , Elders Philip , Kawamura Akane , Bhattacharya Shoumo
Published: April 2018

Both CC and CXC-class chemokines drive inflammatory disease. Tick salivary chemokine-binding proteins (CKBPs), or evasins, specifically bind subsets of CC- or CXC-chemokines, and could precisely target disease-relevant chemokines. Here we have used yeast surface display to identify two tick evasins: a CC-CKBP, P1243 fromAmblyomma americanumand a CXC-CKBP, P1156 fromIxodes ricinus. P1243 binds 11 CC-chemokines with Kd < 10 nM, and 10 CC-chemokines with Kdbetween 10 and 100 nM. P1156 binds two ELR + CXC-chemokines with Kd < 10 nM, and four ELR + CXC-chemokines with Kdbetween 10 and 100 nM. Both CKBPs neutralize chemokine activity with IC50 < 10 nM in cell migration assays. As both CC- and CXC-CKBP activities are desirable in a single agent, we have engineered “two-warhead” CKBPs to create single agents that bind and neutralize subsets of CC and CXC chemokines. These results show that tick evasins can be linked to create non-natural proteins that target subsets of CC and CXC chemokines. We suggest that “two-warhead” evasins, designed by matching the activities of parental evasins to CC and CXC chemokines expressed in disease, would achieve precision targeting of inflammatory disease-relevant chemokines by a single agent.
Author Correction: Structure-function relationships in ABCG2: insights from molecular dynamics simulations and molecular docking studies
Authors: Ferreira Ricardo J. , Bonito Cátia A. , Cordeiro M. Natália D. S. , Ferreira Maria-José U. , dos Santos Daniel J. V. A.
Published: April 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
MISP regulates the IQGAP1/Cdc42 complex to collectively orchestrate spindle orientation and mitotic progression
Authors: Vodicska Barbara , Cerikan Berati , Schiebel Elmar , Hoffmann Ingrid
Published: April 2018

Precise mitotic spindle orientation is essential for both cell fate and tissue organization while defects in this process are associated with tumorigenesis and other diseases. In most animal cell types, the dynein motor complex is anchored at the cell cortex and exerts pulling forces on astral microtubules to position the spindle. The actin-binding protein MISP controls spindle orientation and mitotic progression in human cells. However, the exact underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Here we report that MISP interacts with the multidomain scaffolding protein IQGAP1. We further show that MISP binds to the active form of Cdc42 through IQGAP1. Depletion of MISP promotes increased accumulation of IQGAP1 at the cell cortex and a decrease in its Cdc42-binding capacity leading to reduced active Cdc42 levels. Interestingly, overexpression of IQGAP1 can rescue mitotic defects caused by MISP downregulation including spindle misorientation, loss of astral microtubules and prolonged mitosis and also restores active Cdc42 levels. Importantly, we find that IQGAP1 acts downsteam of MISP in regulating astral microtubule dynamics and the localization of the dynactin subunit p150glued that is crucial for proper spindle positioning. We propose that MISP regulates IQGAP1 and Cdc42 to ensure proper mitotic progression and correct spindle orientation.
Theory of current-driven skyrmions in disordered magnets
Authors: Koshibae Wataru , Nagaosa Naoto
Published: April 2018

An emergent topological particle in magnets, skyrmion, has several unique features distinct from the other magnetic textures such as domain wall, helical structure, and vortex. It is characterized by a topological integer called skyrmion number N
sk
, which counts how many times the directions of the magnetic moments wrap the unit sphere. This N
sk
gives the chiral nature of the skyrmion dynamics, and leads to the extremely small critical current density j
c
for the current-driven motion in terms of spin transfer torque effect. The finite j
c
indicates the pinning effect due to the disorder such as impurities and defects, and the behaviors of skyrmions under disorder have not been explored well theoretically although it is always relevant in real systems. Here we reveal by a numerical simulation of Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation that there are four different skyrmion phases with the strong disorder, i.e., (A) pinned state, (B) depinned state, (C) skyrmion multiplication/annihilation, and (D) segregation of skyrmions, as the current density increases, while only two phases (A) and (B) appear in the weak disorder case. The microscopic mechanisms of the new phases (C) and (D) are analyzed theoretically. These results offer a coherent understanding of the skyrmion dynamics under current with disorder.
Profiling of 179 miRNA Expression in Blood Plasma of Lung Cancer Patients and Cancer-Free Individuals
Authors: Zaporozhchenko Ivan A. , Morozkin Evgeny S. , Ponomaryova Anastasia A. , Rykova Elena Y. , Cherdyntseva Nadezhda V. , Zheravin Aleksandr A. , Pashkovskaya Oksana A. , Pokushalov Evgeny A. , Vlassov Valentin V. , Laktionov Pavel P.
Published: April 2018

Lung cancer is one of major cancers, and survival of lung cancer patients is dictated by the timely detection and diagnosis. Cell-free circulating miRNAs were proposed as candidate biomarkers for lung cancer. These RNAs are frequently deregulated in lung cancer and can persist in bodily fluids for extended periods of time, shielded from degradation by membrane vesicles and biopolymer complexes. To date, several groups reported the presence of lung tumour-specific subsets of miRNAs in blood. Here we describe the profiling of blood plasma miRNAs in lung cancer patients, healthy individuals and endobronchitis patients using miRCURY LNA miRNA qPCR Serum/Plasma Panel (Exiqon). From 241 ratios differently expressed between cancer patients and healthy individuals 19 miRNAs were selected for verification using the same platform. LASSO-penalized logistic regression model, including 10 miRNA ratios comprised of 14 individual miRNAs discriminated lung cancer patients from both control groups with AUC of 0.979.
Disruption of Hox9,10,11 function results in cellular level lineage infidelity in the kidney
Authors: Drake Keri A. , Adam Mike , Mahoney Robert , Potter S. Steven
Published: April 2018

Hox genes are important regulators of development. The 39 mammalian Hox genes have considerable functional overlap, greatly confounding their study. In this report, we generated mice with multiple combinations of paralogous and flanking Abd-B Hox gene mutations to investigate functional redundancies in kidney development. The resulting mice developed a number of kidney abnormalities, including hypoplasia, agenesis, and severe cysts, with distinct Hox functions observed in early metanephric kidney formation and nephron progenitor maintenance. Most surprising, however, was that extensive removal of Hox shared function in these kidneys resulted in cellular level lineage infidelity. Strikingly, mutant nephron tubules consisted of intermixed cells with proximal tubule, loop of Henle, and collecting duct identities, with some single cells expressing markers associated with more than one nephron segment. These results indicate that Hox genes are required for proper lineage selection/maintenance and full repression of genes involved in cell fate restriction in the developing kidney.
Changes in gene expression in chronic allergy mouse model exposed to natural environmental PM2.5-rich ambient air pollution
Authors: Ouyang Yuhui , Xu Zhaojun , Fan Erzhong , Li Ying , Miyake Kunio , Xu Xianyan , Zhang Luo
Published: April 2018

Particulate matter (PM) air pollution has been associated with an increase in the incidence of chronic allergic diseases; however, the mechanisms underlying the effect of exposure to natural ambient air pollution in chronic allergic diseases have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the cellular responses induced by exposure to natural ambient air pollution, employing a mouse model of chronic allergy. The results indicated that exposure to ambient air pollution significantly increased the number of eosinophils in the nasal mucosa. The modulation of gene expression profile identified a set of regulated genes, and the Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells1(TREM1) signaling canonical pathway was increased after exposure to ambient air pollution. In vitro, PM2.5 increased Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 (Nod1) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway activation in A549 and HEK293 cell cultures. These results suggest a novel mechanism by which, PM2.5 in ambient air pollution may stimulate the innate immune system through the PM2.5-Nod1-NF-κB axis in chronic allergic disease.
Combining electrical stimulation and tissue engineering to treat large bone defects in a rat model
Authors: Leppik Liudmila , Zhihua Han , Mobini Sahba , Thottakkattumana Parameswaran Vishnu , Eischen-Loges Maria , Slavici Andrei , Helbing Judith , Pindur Lukas , Oliveira Karla M. C. , Bhavsar Mit B. , Hudak Lukasz , Henrich Dirk , Barker John H.
Published: April 2018

Bone Tissue engineering (BTE) has recently been introduced as an alternative to conventional treatments for large non-healing bone defects. BTE approaches mimic autologous bone grafts, by combining cells, scaffold, and growth factors, and have the added benefit of being able to manipulate these constituents to optimize healing. Electrical stimulation (ES) has long been used to successfully treat non-healing fractures and has recently been shown to stimulate bone cells to migrate, proliferate, align, differentiate, and adhere to bio compatible scaffolds, all cell behaviors that could improve BTE treatment outcomes. With the above in mind we performed in vitro experiments and demonstrated that exposing Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC) + scaffold to ES for 3 weeks resulted in significant increases in osteogenic differentiation. Then in in vivo experiments, for the first time, we demonstrated that exposing BTE treated rat femur large defects to ES for 8 weeks, caused improved healing, as indicated by increased bone formation, strength, vessel density, and osteogenic gene expression. Our results demonstrate that ES significantly increases osteogenic differentiation in vitro and that this effect is translated into improved healing in vivo. These findings support the use of ES to help BTE treatments achieve their full therapeutic potential.
The GTPase domain of gamma-tubulin is required for normal mitochondrial function and spatial organization
Authors: Lindström Lisa , Li Tongbin , Malycheva Darina , Kancharla Arun , Nilsson Helén , Vishnu Neelanjan , Mulder Hindrik , Johansson Martin , Rosselló Catalina Ana , Alvarado-Kristensson Maria
Published: April 2018

In the cell, γ-tubulin establishes a cellular network of threads named the γ-string meshwork. However, the functions of this meshwork remain to be determined. We investigated the traits of the meshwork and show that γ-strings have the ability to connect the cytoplasm and the mitochondrial DNA together. We also show that γ-tubulin has a role in the maintenance of the mitochondrial network and functions as reduced levels of γ-tubulin or impairment of its GTPase domain disrupts the mitochondrial network and alters both their respiratory capacity and the expression of mitochondrial-related genes. By contrast, reduced mitochondrial number or increased protein levels of γ-tubulin DNA-binding domain enhanced the association of γ-tubulin with mitochondria. Our results demonstrate that γ-tubulin is an important mitochondrial structural component that maintains the mitochondrial network, providing mitochondria with a cellular infrastructure. We propose that γ-tubulin provides a cytoskeletal element that gives form to the mitochondrial network.
Aerosol processing: a wind of innovation in the field of advanced heterogeneous catalysts
Authors: Debecker Damien P. , Le Bras Solène , Boissière Cédric , Chaumonnot Alexandra , Sanchez Clément
Published: April 2018

Aerosol processing technologies represent a major route of innovation in the mushrooming field of heterogeneous catalysts preparation.
Dinuclear zirconium complex bearing a 1,5-bridged-calix[8]arene ligand as an effective catalyst for the synthesis of macrolactones
Authors: Lapenta Rosita , De Simone Nicola Alessandro , Buonerba Antonio , Talotta Carmen , Gaeta Carmine , Neri Placido , Grassi Alfonso , Milione Stefano
Published: April 2018

“Macrocyclization of Cycles with a Macrocycle.” The intramolecular cooperation of metal centres in a novel dinuclear complex has been postulated as responsible for the observed high rate of formation of macrocyclic polyesters.
Potential ofBorojoa patinoiCuatrecasas water extract to inhibit nosocomial antibiotic resistant bacteria and cancer cell proliferationin vitro
Authors: Chaves-López Clemencia , Usai Donatella , Donadu Matthew Gavino , Serio Annalisa , González-Mina Robert Tulio , Simeoni Maria Chiara , Molicotti Paola , Zanetti Stefania , Pinna Antonio , Paparella Antonello
Published: April 2018

Borojó is a fruit used in Colombian traditional medicine for its supposed healthy effects.
Polarization behavior of Pb–Co powder-pressed alloy for electrowinning
Authors: Wang Shuai , Zhou Xiang-Yang , Ma Chi-Yuan , Long Bo , Wang Hui , Yang Juan
Published: April 2018

In this study, Pb–Co powder-pressed alloy was fabricated and used as a suitable anode material to replace Pb–Ca–Sn alloy in electrowinning.
Fullerene derivatives act as inhibitors of leukocyte common antigen based on molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Yu Yi , Sun Huiyong , Hou Tingjun , Wang Suidong , Li Youyong
Published: April 2018

Fullerene-based molecules are being studied as potential inhibitors of protein tyrosine phosphatases due to their unique properties and low toxicity.
Liquid-phase oxidation of alkanes with molecular oxygen catalyzed by high valent iron-based perovskite
Authors: Shibata Satomi , Sugahara Kosei , Kamata Keigo , Hara Michikazu
Published: April 2018

A hexagonal BaFeO3−δ perovskite catalyst containing high valent iron species exhibits high catalytic performance for the aerobic oxidation of alkanes without the need for additives.
Synthesis, crystal structure and optical properties of Me(OH)(HCOO)2 (Me = Al, Ga)
Authors: Krasil'nikov V. N. , Tyutyunnik A. P. , Baklanova I. V. , Enyashin A. N. , Berger I. F. , Zubkov V. G.
Published: April 2018

Aluminium and gallium hydroxide diformates have been synthesized. Both compounds exhibit similar monoclinic lattice, according to the X-ray, neutron diffraction and IR spectroscopy data. Their samples possess a bright light-blue emission under UV excitation. The origin of intrinsic emission is elucidated by means of DFT calculations.
Stochastic analysis of capillary condensation in disordered mesopores
Authors: Gommes Cedric J. , Roberts Anthony P.
Published: April 2018

Metastable vapour-like states are unlikely when condensing vapours in realistically disordered mesopores.
Chromium chains as polydentate fluoride ligands for actinides and group IV metals
Authors: Leng Ji-Dong , Kostopoulos Andreas K. , Isherwood Liam H. , Ariciu Ana-Maria , Tuna Floriana , Vitórica-Yrezábal Iñigo J. , Pritchard Robin G. , Whitehead George F. S. , Timco Grigore A. , Mills David P. , Winpenny Richard E. P.
Published: April 2018

New heterometallic rings containing Cr(iii) and tetravalent metals are reported, including a {Cr6Th2} cage.
Bio-based triacetic acid lactone in the synthesis of azaheterocyclesviaa ring-opening transformation
Authors: Obydennov Dmitrii L. , El-Tantawy Asmaa I. , Sosnovskikh Vyacheslav Ya.
Published: April 2018

In the present article a new way of converting biobased triacetic acid lactone (TAL) into azaheterocyclic compounds, such as 4-pyridones, pyrazoles, isoxazolines and isoxazoles, has been found through reactive and multifunctional polycarbonyl intermediates.
Au/Fe3O4 core–shell nanoparticles are an efficient immunochromatography test strip performance enhancer—a comparative study with Au and Fe3O4 nanoparticles
Authors: Huang Jiaoling , Xie Zhixun , Xie Liji , Xie Zhiqin , Luo Sisi , Deng Xianwen , Huang Li , Zeng Tingting , Zhang Yanfang , Wang Sheng , Zhang Minxiu
Published: April 2018

Immunochromatography test strips that use metal particles constructed from Au, Fe3O4, and Au/Fe3O4 nanoparticles were developed for the rapid detection of avian influenza virus subtype H7 (AIV H7).
Artificial simulation of salivary and gastrointestinal digestion, and fermentation by human fecal microbiota, of polysaccharides fromDendrobium aphyllum
Authors: Liu Huifan , Gong Fan , Wei Fashan , Wu Hui
Published: April 2018

D. aphyllumpolysaccharide showed variational tendencies after artificial stimulated gastrointestinal digestion and fermentation by human feces.
Four 3D coordination polymers based on layers with single syn–anti carboxylate bridges: synthesis, structures, and magnetic properties
Authors: Gao Wei , Liu Feng , Zhang Xiu-Mei , Liu Jie-Ping , Gao Qing-Yu
Published: April 2018

Four 3D carboxylate-bridged metal(II) compounds were prepared. Mn(II) and Co(II) compounds show AFM interactions, while FM coupling is found in Ni(II) compound. The bimetallic shows interesting competition effect of FM and AFM interactions.
Polymer–carbon dot hybrid structure for a self-rectifying memory device by energy level offset and doping
Authors: Lu Hang , Chen Yingying , Chang Qing , Cheng Shuai , Ding Yamei , Chen Jie , Xiu Fei , Wang Xiangjing , Ban Chaoyi , Liu Zhengdong , Liu Juqing , Huang Wei
Published: April 2018

A strategy for self-rectifying memory diodes based on a polymer–carbon dot hybrid structure, with a configuration of rGO/PEDOT : PSS/carbon dots/MEH-PPV/Al, has been proposed.
Reducing the barrier effect of graphene sheets on a Ag cocatalyst to further improve the photocatalytic performance of TiO2
Authors: Ma Juanjuan , Zhou Chaocun , Long Jinlin , Ding Zhengxin , Yuan Rusheng , Xu Chao
Published: April 2018

By avoiding the possible barrier influence of graphene on other cocatalysts, the photocatalytic properties of the composites containing multi-cocatalysts could be further improved.
The CFHQSIR survey: a Y-band extension of the CFHTLS-Wide survey
Authors: Pipien S. , Basa S. , Cuby J.-G. , Cuillandre J.-C. , Willott C. , Moutard T. , Chatron J. , Arnouts S. , Hudelot P.
Published: April 2018

Context. The Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey (CFHTLS) has been conducted over a 5-yr period at the CFHT with the MegaCam instrument, totaling 450 nights of observations. The Wide Synoptic Survey is one component of the CFHTLS, covering 155 square degrees in four patches of 23 to 65 square degrees through the whole MegaCam filter set (u*, g’, r’, i’, z’) down to i’AB = 24.5.

Aims. With the motivation of searching for high-redshift quasars at redshifts above 6.5, we extend the multi-wavelength CFHTLS-Wide data in the Y -band down to magnitudes of ~22.5 for point sources (5σ).

Methods. We observed the four CFHTLS-Wide fields (except one quarter of the W3 field) in the Y -band with the Wide-field InfraRed Camera (WIRCam) at the CFHT. Each field was visited twice, at least three weeks apart. Each visit consisted of two dithered exposures. The images are reduced with the Elixir software used for the CFHTLS and modified to account for the properties of near-InfraRed (IR) data. Two series of image stacks are subsequently produced: four-image stacks for each WIRCam pointing, and one-square-degree tiles matched to the format of the CFHTLS data release. Photometric calibration is performed on stars by fitting stellar spectra to their CFHTLS photometric data and extrapolating their Y -band magnitudes.

Results. After corrections accounting for correlated noise, we measure a limiting magnitude of YAB ≃ 22.4 for point sources (5σ) in an aperture diameter of 0.′′93, over 130 square degrees. We produce a multi-wavelength catalogue combining the CFHTLS-Wide optical data with our CFHQSIR (Canada–France High-z quasar survey in the near-InfraRed) Y -band data. We derive the Y -band number counts and compare them to the Vista Deep Extragalactic Observations survey (VIDEO). We find that the addition of the CFHQSIR Y -band data to the CFHTLS optical data increases the accuracy of photometric redshifts and reduces the outlier rate from 13.8% to 8.8% in the redshift range 1.05 ≲ z ≲ 1.2.
Dépister les cancers asymptomatiques ?
Authors: Jordan Bertrand
Published: April 2018

A recent publication describes a sophisticated “liquid biopsy” procedure that analyses both tumoral DNA and proteins present in peripheral blood to provide sensitive detection of different types of cancer. These results represent a significant advance, but they still fall short of the sensitivity and specificity required, and it seems unlikely that they could progress to a level at which screening of the (asymptomatic) general population would have a really favourable benefit to risk ratio.
Gewöhnlicher Andorn
Authors: Niedenthal Tobias
Published: April 2018

Marrubiumvulgare – Expektorierend, antiphlogistisch, spasmolytisch sowie choleretisch wirkende Bitterstoffdroge mit langer Tradition und Arzneipflanze des Jahres 2018
Primäre Knie-Endoprothetik nach Organtransplantation
Authors: Wirries Nils
Published: April 2018

Der Fortschritt in der Transplantationsmedizin erhöht durch die verlängerten Überlebenszeiten der organtransplantierten Patienten das Risiko des Auftretens einer symptomatischen Arthrose des Kniegelenks (Gonarthrose). Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die klinischen Ergebnisse von organtransplantierten Patienten, die eine Knie-Total-Endoprothese (KTEP) erhalten haben.
Mit Vollwert-Ernährung die Lebensqualität steigern
Authors: Männle Thomas
Published: April 2018

Sich vollwertig zu ernähren, bedeutet schmackhaft, gesund und nachhaltig zu essen. Sieben einfache Grundsätze bieten Handlungshilfen, mit denen sich dieses Konzept im Alltag umsetzen lässt. Dazu gehört es: genussvolle und bekömmliche Speisen zu essen sowie pflanzliche, möglichst gering verarbeitete, fair gehandelte und ökologisch erzeugte Lebensmittel zu bevorzugen sowie auf regionale und saisonale Erzeugnisse zu setzen und ressourcenschonend zu haushalten.
Ernährung in der chinesischen Medizin
Authors: Siedentopp Uwe
Published: April 2018

Die chinesische Ernährung und Diätetik bietet Arzt und Patienten die Möglichkeit, aktiv für die Gesunderhaltung zu wirken, Befindlichkeitsstörungen zu beseitigen und Krankheitsprozesse auf dem Weg der Heilung wirksam zu unterstützen. Es wird nicht unterschieden zwischen gesunden und ungesunden Lebensmitteln, da die Auswahl, Zubereitung und Kombination immer nach individuellen Bedürfnissen erfolgt. Die therapeutische Wirkung beruht auf den spezifischen, qualitativen Eigenschaften der Lebensmittel. Die Prinzipien der chinesischen Ernährung und Diätetik werden flexibel und undogmatisch angewandt. Sie lassen sich problemlos mit den in Deutschland heimischen Nahrungsmitteln und Getränken im Alltag umsetzen.
Die ketogene Diät – was sie kann, wie sie wirkt und wie sie gelingt
Authors: Bahr Lina , Bellmann-Strobl Judith , Michalsen Andreas
Published: April 2018

Ketogene Diät bedeutet Kohlenhydratverzicht. Bei Epilepsie ist sie seit 100 Jahren etabliert. Bei Diabetes Typ 2 kann sie eine echte Alternative sein, da sie schnell zur Gewichtsreduktion führt, der Blutzucker konstant bleibt und Insulinspitzen vermieden werden. Vielversprechende Ergebnisse haben aktuelle Forschungsarbeiten ergeben bei Multipler Sklerose, Alzheimer und Krebs als begleitende Therapiemaßnahme.

Die Autoren geben einen überblick zu den möglichen Wirkmechanismen, den Indikationen sowie zur Umsetzung in der Praxis.
Ernährung nach F.X. Mayr
Authors: Sartor Henning
Published: April 2018

Bei der Ernährung nach F.X. Mayr handelt es sich um ein umfassendes, individuelles Therapiekonzept zur Vorbeugung und Behandlung von chronischen Erkrankungen. Dabei werden nach differenzierter, klinischer und heutzutage auch labortechnischer Diagnostik die Prinzipien der Schonung, Säuberung, Schulung und Substitution angewandt. Ernährung nach F.X. Mayr bedeutet eine dauerhafte Änderung des Einkaufs- und Essverhaltens und ist dann zur lebenslangen Prävention bzw. Sekundär-Prävention geeignet.
„Im Zentrum ein Feuer“
Authors: Stapelfeldt Elmar
Published: April 2018

Anders als die westliche Ernährungstherapie unterscheidet die Ernährungstherapie der Ayurveda-Medizin nicht zwischen gesund – ungesund, sondern geeignet – ungeeignet. Der Ayurveda-Ansatz richtet sich nach der individuellen Situation, der Symptomatik sowie weiteren Faktoren wie Resorbierbarkeit von Nahrungsmitteln, Ausscheidbarkeit ihrer Rückstände und ihrem spezifischen Bezug zu einzelnen Geweben. Im Zentrum steht das Verdauungsfeuer agni – die Gesamtheit von Substanzen und Prozessen, die für die Digestion und Verstoffwechselung der Nahrung zuständig sind. In der Praxis bedeutet dies, im ersten Schritt agni zu entlasten und erst im zweiten Schritt eine spezielle Ernährungstherapie durchzuführen.

Besonders bei gastrointestinalen Beschwerden zeigt die ayurvedische Ernährungstherapie sehr gute und mitunter sehr rasche Erfolge. Das Vorgehen in der Praxis wird am Beispiel des Reizdarmsyndroms vorgestellt.
Personalbesetzungsverfahren: Stolpersteine bei der Chefarztsuche
Authors: Köhn Andrea
Published: April 2018

Chefarztbesetzungsverfahren sind für Kliniken große Herausforderungen. Gute Kandidaten sind in manchen Fächern rar und nur schwer für bestimmte Standorte zu gewinnen. In Besetzungsverfahren kann aus Sicht der Kandidaten viel falsch laufen. Aber auch die Kandidaten sind häufig zu unerfahren, um sich richtig zu verhalten.
Mehr zeit für Pflege durch Technische unterstützung: Deutschland sollte zügig nachziehen
Authors: Napp Barbara
Published: April 2018

Durch die Digitalisierung und Technisierung verändert sich auch und insbesondere die Gesundheitslandschaft. Die asiatischen Länder verfügen bereits über neue Technologien im Pflegebereich, wo wir in Deutschland noch zurückhaltend sind. Japan und Korea gelten als Vorreiter, wenn es um innovative Robotik in der Gesundheitswirtschaft geht. Und auch in China sind bereits Pflegeroboter im Einsatz.
AOK-Krankenhaus-Report 2018: Düstere Aussichten für kleine Krankenhäuser
Authors: Kucera Martin
Published: April 2018

Für eine bedarfsgerechte und zeitgemäße Krankenhausstruktur ist es unabdingbar, die deutschen Kliniken qualitätsorientiert zu zentralisieren und zu spezialisieren, so das Credo der Pressekonferenz zum AOK-Krankenhaus-Report 2018.
Elektronischer Medikationsplan: Inspirationsquelle Dänemark
Authors: Kohrs Jens
Published: April 2018

Manchmal genügt schon ein Blick ins Nachbarland, um neue Inspiration zu bekommen. Bei dem mittlerweile auch in Deutschland eingeführten, allerdings noch wenig geliebten elektronischen Medikationsplan hat Dänemark sein Lehrgeld schon gezahlt. Die Deutschen könnten einiges lernen.
Mixed Reality: Operieren in 3D
Authors: Mundt Saskia
Published: April 2018

Das Kath. Marienkrankenhaus in Hamburg setzt seit Anfang 2018 eine hoch innovative Technologie bei Operationen ein, die bislang eher aus Kino oder Videospielen bekannt ist, als dass sie in der Medizin zum Einsatz kommt: Mixed-Reality projiziert dabei ein virtuelles Bild in die reale Umgebung.
Tatort Klinik: Tötungsserien in Kliniken: Wie kann das passieren?
Authors: Beine Karl H.
Published: April 2018

Hinter vorgehaltener Hand heißen sie Vollstrecker oder Todesengel, dennoch hat sie lange Zeit niemand aufgehalten: Klinikmitarbeiter, die Patienten umgebracht haben. Was sind ihre Profile, ihre Motive? Wie konnten sie zum Täter werden? Und warum wurden sie nicht früher entdeckt und aufgehalten?
Präventionspapier der DGVS: Tipps gegen Endoskop-Diebstähle in Deutschland
Authors: Grether Thomas
Published: April 2018

In Deutschland sind seit dem Jahr 2015 zahlreiche Endoskopie-Abteilungen und gastroenterologische Fach-Praxen ausgeraubt worden. Um weitere Diebstähle zu vermeiden, hat die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie, Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten (DGVS) ein Präventions-Papier veröffentlicht.
Branche in Zahlen
Authors: Grether Thomas
Published: April 2018

Dieser Artikel ist nur als PDF-Dokument verfügbar.
DGIV: Zwischen Hoffnung und Optimismus
Authors: Spitzer Stefan G.
Published: April 2018

Zur Integrierten Versorgung lässt der Koalitionsvertrag überraschend viele Fragen offen. Eine von der Gesundheitsministerkonferenz initiierte Reformkommission soll Vorschläge in wichtigen Versorgungsbereichen erarbeiten. Schnelle Lösungen sind dabei nicht zu erwarten.
Evaluating Stiffness of Fibreglass and Thermoplastic Splint Materials and Inter-fragmentary Motion in a Canine Tibial Fracture Model
Authors: Wagoner Amanda , Allen Matthew , Zindl Claudia , Litsky Alan , Orsher Robert , Ben-Amotz Ron
Published: April 2018

Objectives Various materials are used to construct splints for mid-diaphyseal tibial fracture stabilization. The objective of this study was to compare construct stiffness and inter-fragmentary bone motion when fibreglass (FG) or thermoplastic (TP) splints are applied to either the lateral or cranial aspect of the tibia in a mid-diaphyseal fracture model.

Methods A coaptation bandage was applied to eight cadaveric canine pelvic limbs, with a custom-formed splint made of either FG or TP material applied to either the lateral or cranial aspect of the osteotomized tibia. Four-point bending tests were performed to evaluate construct stiffness and inter-fragmentary motion in both frontal and sagittal planes.

Results For a given material, FG or TP, construct stiffness was not affected by splint location. Construct stiffness was significantly greater with cranial FG splints than with cranial TP splints (p < 0.05), but this difference was not significant when comparing splints applied laterally (p = 0.15). Inter-fragmentary motions in the sagittal and frontal planes were similar across splint types for cranial splints, but for lateral splints there was a 64% reduction in frontal plane motion when FG was used as the splint material (p = 0.03).

Clinical Significance FG produces a stiffer construct, but the difference is not reflected in a reduction in inter-fragmentary motion. For lateral splints, FG splints are associated with reduced inter-fragmentary motion as compared with TP and may therefore have slight superiority for this application.
Reparación del tendón extensor pollicis longus, mediante la técnica del lazo con el extensor pollicis brevis
Authors: Abad Morenilla José , Sutil Blanco Ángel , Varillas Delgado David , García de Lucas Fernando
Published: April 2018

Introducción Se presenta una alternativa quirúrgica a las técnicas convencionales para reparación de lesiones por herida o por mecanismo cerrado del tendón EPL, denominada lazo transfixiante y contínuo; el cual emplea el tendón de anclaje motor procedente del músculo EPB (Extensor Pollicis Brevis). El objetivo fundamental del estudio fue explicar el desarrollo de esa técnica y los resultados satisfactorios que muestra en la reparación de las lesiones completas del EPL.

Material y método  Se describe un nuevo nudo, conocido como lazo transfixiante y continuo, el cual emplea el tendón de anclaje motor procedente del músculo EPB (Extensor Pollicis Brevis), uniendo el tendón EPL lesionado con el tendón EPB, envolviendo a éste, sin desinsertar la unidad motora del EPB, recuperando con ello la función extensora del primer dedo de la mano. Se seleccionó una serie de 10 casos de rotura del EPL reparados con esa técnica, en contexto de accidente laboral. Se tomaron como variables; edad, profesión, sexo, lateralidad, dominancia, mecanismo lesional, momento de la intervención y presencia de lesiones asociadas. Seis de los casos se produjeron por mecanismo lesional cerrado (60%), y los 4 casos restantes mediante herida (40%).

Resultados. Al finalizar el proceso, 9 pacientes presentaron como resultado curado (90%), mientras que sólo 1 de ellos resultado baremo (10%). No se observaron diferencias entre la extremidad sana y la extremidad operada en movilidad y en cuanto a resultados funcionales mediante tres mediciones; prensión, pinza terminoterminal y pinza lateral.

Discusión el lazo continuo transfixiante para la reparación de lesiones del tendón EPL empleando el tendón EPB es un procedimiento que genera un rango funcional efectivo. Aporta unos resultados satisfactorios, en cuanto a la funcionalidad objetivada a través de test biomecánicos, alcanzando adecuada tasa de reincorporación laboral.
Transatlantic Air Travel in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy: Does It Affect the Fetus?
Authors: Petrikovsky B. , Terrani M. , Sichinava L.
Published: April 2018

Most commercial airlines allow pregnant women to fly up to 36 weeks of gestation. Available information suggests that noise, vibration, and cosmic radiation present a small risk for the pregnant air traveler. The goal of the study was to assess the possible effect of transatlantic flights on the condition of the third-trimester fetus. In total, 112 patients were recruited into the study between January 2005 and June 2016. All underwent a transatlantic flight in the third trimester of pregnancy. All underwent nonstress test before and within 12 hours after the transatlantic flight, and 24 hours later. Patients were asked to report changes in fetal movements (FMs), if any, during takeoff, flight itself, and landing. The time of flight varied from 8 to 15 hours; average flight time was 9 ± 3.8 hours. Ninety-eight patients were the passengers of first or business class, and the rest were of economy class. Increased FM during takeoff was reported by 17 patients (15%), no change in FM by 62 (35%), decreased FM by 4 (3.6%). During flight itself, increased FM was reported by 6 pregnant passengers (5.4%), no change in FM by 70 (63%), decreased FM by 8 (7%).
Omental Vascularized Lymph Node Flap: A Radiographic Analysis
Authors: Sasor Sarah , Tholpady Sunil , Chu Michael , Cook Julia
Published: April 2018

Background Vascularized lymph node transfer is an increasingly popular option for the treatment of lymphedema. The omental donor site is advantageous for its copious soft tissue, well-defined collateral circulation, and large number of available nodes, without the risk of iatrogenic lymphedema. The purpose of this study is to define the anatomy of the omental flap in the context of vascularized lymph node harvest.

Methods Consecutive abdominal computed tomography angiography (CTA) images performed at a single institution over a 1-year period were reviewed. Right gastroepiploic artery (RGEA) length, artery caliber, lymph node size, and lymph node location in relation to the artery were recorded. A two-tailed Z-test was used to compare means. A Gaussian Mixture Model confirmed by normalized entropy criterion was used to calculate three-dimensional lymph node cluster locations along the RGEA.

Results In total, 156 CTA images met inclusion criteria. The RGEA caliber at its origin was significantly larger in males compared with females (p < 0.001). An average of 3.1 (1.7) lymph nodes were present per patient. There was no significant gender difference in the number of lymph nodes identified. Average lymph node size was significantly larger in males (4.9 [1.9] × 3.3 [0.6] mm in males vs. 4.5 [1.5] × 3.1 [0.5] mm in females; p < 0.001). Three distinct anatomical variations of the RGEA course were noted, each with a distinct lymph node clustering pattern. Total lymph node number and size did not differ among anatomical subgroups.

Conclusion The omentum is a reliable lymph node donor site with consistent anatomy. This study serves as an aid in preoperative planning for vascularized lymph node transfer using the omental flap.