bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unconditional self-acceptance among the psychology students of University X, Malaysia: the role of mattering, perceived social support and state self-esteem
Authors: Lim Alycia Jia Ee , Ishak Zahari , Prihadi Kususanto Ditto , Aziz Abdul
Published: December 2022

Unconditional self-acceptance (USA) is important for mental health. Studies reported that university students would develop the USA when they feel socially supported, included, and matter.  Nevertheless, those factors are dependent on social feedbacks. Amidst the COVID-19 outbreak is, they had to follow the social distancing protocols and interact online with each other. This change might have altered the way they perceive the social support and mattering. It is hypothesized that these alterations predicted their USA through their perceived social support (PSS) and the sense of social inclusion (state self-esteem). To test the hypothesis, 214 young adults (85 men, 129 women), aged between 18 to 25 (M=22.80, SD=1.92) were asked to complete a demographic form and the scales of each variable. Students from University X, Malaysia were chosen as the population as they studied fully online when we started this study; unfortunately, the university went back to physical study before we managed to collect our target sample size. The results of Bootstrapping with 5,000 samples and 95% confidence interval showed that state self-esteem (SSE) fully mediated the relationship between mattering and USA, while PSS did not. Therefore, the hypothesis of serial mediation was not supported.
Análise da representação da informação por meio de metadados: estudo comparativo do padrão de metadados do Governo Federal em portal de dados abertos de uma instituição federal
Authors: Diniz Bárbara Carvalho , Dias Guilherme Ataíde
Published: December 2022

Como forma de fortalecer a transparência pública e incentivar a participação dos cidadãos na fiscalização dos serviços e ações estatais, o Brasil aprovou leis e decretos para incentivar a cultura da transparência. Uma dessas iniciativas é o Decreto Federal nº 8.777/2016, que institui a política de dados abertos no Poder Executivo Federal. Para que os conjuntos de dados disponíveis em portais dos órgãos federais sejam encontrados e utilizados para os mais diversos fins, é necessário que estes sejam descritos por metadados. Os metadados contidos em portais do Governo Federal devem seguir o padrão de metadados do governo eletrônico. Sendo assim, o objetivo geral deste artigo é analisar os conjuntos de dados abertos da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) a partir do padrão de metadados do governo eletrônico. Dentre as instituições em nível universitário pesquisadas, a UFRN apresentou um número expressivo e atualizado de conjuntos de dados. Apresenta metodologia de uma pesquisa descritiva-documental, quali-quantitativa, em que os dados coletados foram analisados a partir da técnica de análise de conteúdo. Da amostra coletada dos conjuntos de dados, em grande parte os itens obrigatórios estavam presentes, como também se fez uso de elementos opcionais no intuito de enriquecer a descrição do conjunto de dados. No entanto, apesar das descrições serem concisas e atualizadas, alguns itens necessitam de mais precisão no que se refere à proveniência e publicador específico.
A avaliação das competências infocomunicacionais na perspectiva da Psicometria
Authors: Souza Vanessa Inácio de , Lima Jussara Borges de
Published: December 2022

As competências infocomunicacionais são imprescindíveis para a aprendizagem requerida no contexto universitário e estão relacionadas a um melhor desempenho acadêmico. Avaliar as percepções de autoeficácia, as motivações de aprendizagem e as atitudes dos estudantes em relação a essas competências é condição indispensável para a tomada de decisão informada em programas ou cursos de formação promovidos por bibliotecas universitárias. Dessa forma, este trabalho apresenta os resultados parciais de pesquisa que propõe a construção de um instrumento de avaliação das percepções de competências infocomunicacionais, seguindo os preceitos da Psicometria, área da Psicologia que preocupa-se com a validade e fidedignidade de instrumentos de pesquisa. Como metodologia, modelos e padrões de competências em informação e comunicação foram analisados para a extração dos comportamentos que embasaram as afirmações do instrumento. As afirmações foram categorizadas de acordo com as dimensões da abordagem Super 8. Como resultados parciais, o artigo traz uma síntese dos comportamentos extraídos e um recorte dos itens do instrumento. Espera-se que a aproximação com a Psicometria traga avanços para a Ciência da Informação no Brasil e contribua para a avaliação de competências infocomunicacionais.
Visualização de Dados de Saúde Pública: um estudo de caso sobre a Covid-19
Authors: Bohnert Michele Krieger , Pavão Caterina Marta Groposo , Silva Fabiano Couto Corrêa da
Published: December 2022

A visualização de dados tornou-se uma ferramenta fundamental para exploração e comunicação de mensagens complexas, em especial na comunicação científica. Este artigo discute as vantagens da visualização e também alguns de seus principais aspectos no escopo da Ciência Aberta, como consequência do fato de que há uma certa tendência a mostrar conjuntos de dados, elaborados de forma gráfica, próxima e didática. Esta foi uma pesquisa de análise qualitativa, com procedimentos de levantamento bibliográfico e estudo de caso, tendo sido analisadas três iniciativas de visualizações representativas de dados estatísticos atribuídos à Covid-19. As análises demonstram a utilidade comunicativa dessas visualizações de dados para comunicar informações de forma clara e eficiente através de gráficos estatísticos e gráficos informativos para diversos públicos. Mediante os casos selecionados, constatou-se que a visualização ajuda a analisar e raciocinar sobre dados e evidências, tornando dados complexos digeríveis, compreensíveis e utilizáveis.
Competência informacional na perspectiva da análise do discurso: interseções teóricas e metodológicas
Authors: Manhique Ilídio Lobato Ernesto , Lima Larissa de Mello , Puerta-Díaz Mirelys
Published: December 2022

Como processo de aprendizagem permanente, a competência em informação envolve um conjunto de habilidades, conhecimentos e atitudes que permitem que as pessoas saibam lidar com a complexidade do ambiente digital, caracterizado pela disponibilização de grandes quantidades de informação. Como campo de estudo, tem incorporado várias abordagens teóricas e metodológicas que favorecem o entendimento das suas dimensões multifacetadas. Esta pesquisa visa analisar a produção científica nacional e internacional da competência em informação com enfoque na Análise do Discurso de matriz francesa. O processo de coleta de dados foi realizado em duas bases de dados brasileiras, nomeadamente: Base de Dados Referenciais de Artigos de Periódicos em Ciência da Informação (BRAPCI) e Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD) e três internacionais (LISA, SCOPUS e Web of Science), utilizando as interfaces de busca avançada disponibilizadas por essas bases de dados. Os resultados revelaram a inexistência de pesquisas sobre competência em informação com enfoque na Análise do Discurso na Ciência da Informação brasileira. No contexto internacional observou-se a integração incipiente dessa abordagem de pesquisa, considerando a quantidade reduzida de estudos recuperados e o número restrito de autores envolvidos nesse domínio. Verificou-se, ainda, a ausência de uma elite de pesquisa, visto que existe dispersão de autores envolvidos nesse campo de estudos. Conclui-se que são necessários novos estudos que permitam estabelecer aproximações teóricas e metodológicas entre as dimensões da análise do discurso de matriz francesa com a competência em informação.
O processo cognitivo em distintas ações da prática profissonal de projeto
Authors: Andrade Manuella Marianna Carvalho Rodrigues de , Santos Edler Oliveira
Published: December 2022

Este artigo se insere no campo das pesquisas em projeto e tem como foco o processo de pensamento vinculado ao ato de projetar. O objetivo é identificar a inter-relação entre as ações cognitivas que orientam as decisões de projeto na atuação profissional. Adotou-se a premissa de que os dados obtidos pela observação naturalística da prática projetual permitiriam apreender variáveis anuladas por experimentos artificiais. A partir de um estudo de caso realizado em um escritório, na cidade de Belo Horizonte/MG, foi feita a análise dos raciocínios expressos na fala do arquiteto enquanto projetava uma residência. Assim, as frases registradas durante a observação foram segmentadas e analisadas a partir da codificação das ações cognitivas relacionadas à atividade de projeto. Os resultados alcançados validam e complementam o quadro utilizado como referência por meio da identificação de duas novas ações cognitivas e, consequentemente, sugerem a ampliação contínua desse quadro a fim de se construir um protocolo cada vez mais completo sobre o processo de projeto em arquitetura.
Poética da mão: o pensar-fazer na produção do projeto
Authors: Drago Felipe , Reyes Paulo Edison
Published: December 2022

Este artigo recupera a dimensão de um fazer projetual presente nas práticas do Grupo Arquitetura Nova e na teoria de Sérgio Ferro. Primeiramente, por meio de um olhar analítico, extraímos o conceito de “poética da mão” de dentro da poética da economia e de suas periferias, atribuindo-lhe status próprio e papel criativo insurgente. Para tanto, nos dedicamos a organizar os fragmentos dessa poética, buscando alguns insights que facilitem pensar outros modos organizativos no canteiro de obras e no projeto. Em seguida nos perguntamos: é possível criar um trabalhador coletivo diferente daquele da manufatura capitalista sem evadir-se totalmente a seu propósito? No intuito de melhor compreender essa questão, propomos dois conceitos: a livre-necessidade e o pensar-fazer. O artigo buscou delinear previamente uma poética do fazer que desperte o impensado das relações e práticas, sugerindo alianças voltadas a novos modos de projetar que estejam mais próximos das múltiplas realidades da produção.
Redescription of five species of Athelginae Codreanu & Codreanu, 1956 (Isopoda, Bopyridae), with new localities and new hosts
Authors: An Jianmei , Liu Yuelin , Luo Rong , Paulay Gustav
Published: December 2022

All members of the Athelginae are abdominal parasites of paguroid crabs. Five species of athelgines from the Florida Museum of Natural History are reported here, three from new localities and hosts. Allathelges pakistanensis Kazmi & Markham, 1999 is recorded from Oman, from the type host. Athelges caudalis Barnard, 1955 is recorded from the Philippines from a new host, Calcinus latens (Randall, 1840). Parathelges sp., closely resembling the Atlantic species P. tumidipes Markham, 1972, is recorded from the Federated States of Micronesia from Clibanarius corallinus (H. Milne Edwards, 1848). New specimens of Pseudostegias dulcilacuum Markham, 1982 and Parathelges aniculi (Whitelegge, 1897) are recorded from Thailand and the Philippines from known hosts. Keys to species of Pseudostegias, Parathelges and Athelges are provided, and recorded hosts and localities of all species of Athelges and Parathelges are summarized.
Redescription of Unicolax mycterobius (Vervoort, 1965) (Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Bomolochidae) recovered from Auxis thazard (Lacépède, 1800) (Pisces, Scombridae) in Japan
Authors: Izawa Kunihiko
Published: December 2022

Unicolax mycterobius (Vervoort, 1965) is redescribed based on specimens of both sexes recovered from the nasal cavity of the frigate tuna Auxis thazard (Lacépède, 1800) (Pisces, Scombridae) in Japan. This species possesses the lateral processes in the oral area.
Emotional Problems Arising during the First Trimester of Pregnancy
Authors: Ferrarello Susi
Published: December 2022

This paper proposes a phenomenological exploration of the first trimester of pregnancy. In this paper I have presented three core problems that might already appear in the first trimester of pregnancy: alienation, objectification, and loss of identity, which might cause emotional distress for the woman and further develop into depressive states. The goal of the paper is to indicate the kind of mindful approach we can use to reduce the impact of these problems.
The Recast EU Blue Card Directive: Towards a Level Playing Field to Attract Highly Qualified Migrant Talent to Work in the EU?
Authors: de Lange Tesseltje , Vankova Zvezda
Published: December 2022

This article discusses the recast Blue Card Directive (BCD) on the admission of highly qualified non-EU migrant workers. The recast Directive aims to facilitate employers in their demand of non-EU talent and enhances migrant workers’ rights. As this article demonstrates, challenges remain in view of the prerogative of Member States to maintain national schemes and benefit from wide discretion. We conclude that if Member States implement the recast restrictively, the recast BCD could be an example of ‘failing forward’, a next step in a continuous process failing to achieve the Commissions’ ambitions of harmonizing EU migration law. Yet, by engaging in a novel legislative approach which we coin ‘encapsulating harmonisation’ of EU and national migration law, the Commission manages to enhance the level playing field aimed for, especially on improving migrant workers’ rights. Whether the Recast BCD will indeed attract more highly qualified migrants to work in the EU, however, will depend on Member States’ implementation and their use of the discretion afforded by the BCD.
The EU Returns Agency: The Commissions’ Ambitious Plans and Their Human Rights Implications
Authors: Gkliati Mariana
Published: December 2022

The effective return of irregularly staying migrants is identified as an overriding objective in the New Pact on Migration and Asylum, while return operations are the fastest-growing activity of Frontex. Since the 2019 amendment of its Regulation, the agency has received a significant augmentation of its mandate and capacity in pre-return and return-related activities. This way, Frontex takes a centre-stage role in the Commission’s plan to intensify returns. This article fills the relevant gap in existing literature, updating our knowledge on the latest legislative developments in EU return operations and answering questions related to their human rights implications at a time when the scrutiny over Frontex is at its peak. The article discusses the human rights risks of these operations and the effectiveness of the available safeguards. This article is the product mainly of legal doctrinal research, i.e. the analysis of the relevant EU law and legal literature, along with civil society and institutional reports and other empirical documentation. At the same time, it also looks at quantitative data on the agency’s return activities from 2004 until 2019.
Carrying Inundation Blessings: A Discussion of Pilgrim Flask Amulets in Ancient Egypt
Authors: Kilroe Loretta
Published: December 2022

Pilgrim flasks were a ceramic form that first appeared in Egypt in the Eighteenth Dynasty. A small quantity of faience amulets in the shape of pilgrim flasks are known in several museum collections, but have not been studied in detail. The amulets are standardized in material and shape and, based on the limited contextual information, likely reflect a specific aspect of local belief, especially since their worn surface and bail for stringing suggests they were worn and touched regularly. It is suggested that these amulets are chronologically restricted and date between the Third Intermediate Period and Late Period, and are related to the contemporary appearance of New Year’s Flasks – a type of pilgrim flask predominantly made in faience and thought to be for celebration of the Nile inundation. By presenting a macro-focus on a little-known amulet type, it is hoped this study will expand our understanding of religious ideology, symbolic meaning, and the changing socio-cultural context in the Third Intermediate Period.
The Art of an Ecosystem
Authors: Looser Thomas D.
Published: December 2022

Anyone interested in the ecosystems of the Pacific Islands knows that at the most practical level, the “actual reality of things” is not ideal. In Hawai‘i, as elsewhere in the Pacific Islands, water is a central case in point. Therefore, it is perhaps unsurprising that the upcoming centennial of the Ala Wai canal in Waikīkī, Oʻahu is taking on new significance. Built in 1921, the canal was designed not only to help control flooding, but also to drain the area that would become Waikīkī; controlling water was then a military goal, but also a real estate project. Artist, architect, and urban planner Sean Connelly is one critic of this logic, arguing for the recovery of a more traditional approach to water management—and life—as figured by the Indigenous ahupua‘a system.
Cross-Cultural Museum Bias: Undoing Legacies of Whiteness in Art Histories
Authors: Gayed Andrew
Published: December 2022

When museums are used as sites of knowledge production and research, what are their responsibilities for anti-racist public education? Examining the racial logics that govern, organize, and fund museums, this essay focuses on institutional bias within knowledge production and argues that locating racial logics within museums can be an act of radical pedagogy. Museums are being challenged to become sites of social change, making it vital to study their power structures and the ways in which they organize and study other cultures, illuminating imperial and colonial biases existing at their foundations. The Canadian Museum of Civilization’s exhibition The Lands within Me: Expressions by Canadian Artists of Arab Origin, is a relevant case study as it opened within weeks of September 11, 2001. The moral panic surrounding the show provides a powerful glimpse of the ways in which certain narratives are excluded from Canadian national projects and how these racial projects exist within museums. Works by Camille Zakharia, an artist included in the exhibition, will be analyzed and the fragmented forms of his photo collages will be used as an organizing metaphor to discuss Canadian multiculturalism, racialization, and citizenship.
‘“Thinking the Republic of China”: An International Symposium’
Authors: McConaghy Mark
Published: December 2022

In the summer of 2021, scholars working in seven different countries gathered online to hold a series of seven different forums, each dedicated to discussing one aspect of National Tsinghua University professor Rur-bin Yang’s upcoming scholarly monograph Thinking the Republic of China (Forthcoming). The forum engaged with the following questions: what are the ideals of the Republic of China (roc)? How can one understand the meaning of the roc in relation to both the longue durée of imperial Chinese history and its once ideological adversary the People’s Republic of China? How can one historically evaluate the accomplishments of the roc in its post-1949 guise as a state-in-exile on the island of Taiwan? Has the combination of Confucian humanism and liberal constitutionalism imagined by early architects of the roc been realised in Taiwan, and do these ideals still have meaning for the larger Chinese world as a whole?
Thinking Inside the Box
Authors: Haneca Kristof , Deforce Koen , Allemeersch Luc , Debonne Vincent , Remmen Martijn
Published: December 2022

A heavy and impressive chest — part of the museum collection of the city of Antwerp — served as a strongbox to securely store the city’s historical documents, including citizen privileges, public liberties, and responsibilities. A recent dendrochronological survey revealed that the tree-ring pattern of the lid dates to 1005–1294 CE, suggesting a felling date early in the 14th century. The Silver fir wood originated from the Vosges mountains in France, and hence was transported to the city of Antwerp that had already developed as an important trade centre along river Scheldt by the 13th century. The tree-ring pattern of the bottom plank could not be measured, but the presence of caulking material in some large cracks and metal clamps (sintels) revealed that this repurposed timber must have originated from a medieval ship. The archaeobotanical analysis of the mosses used as caulking material and of the pollen trapped in these mosses points toward two different locations where the ship was repaired, with at least one location outside the Low Countries.

During the examination, a collection of wooden boxes stored inside the chest drew the attention. It was unclear whether the collection of boxes had any connection with the original content in the chest. Tree-ring dating on these wooden boxes made of oak and beech revealed their 14th to 16th century dating. Furthermore, inscriptions proved their relationship with historical documents.

The combined dendrochronological, archaeobotanical, and historical examination demonstrates that this medieval chest was a privileged spectator of the city’s turbulent history.
Diverse new taxa of the enigmatic family Permotanyderidae (Insecta: Mecoptera), with notes on the phylogeny of Aneuretopsychina (long-proboscid scorpionflies)
Authors: BASHKUEV ALEXEY S.
Published: December 2022

Remarkable new finds of Permotanyderidae, an enigmatic “Diptera-like” mecopteran family hitherto known only from the Upper Permian of Australia, are described from the Upper Permian and transitional Permian–Triassic beds in Russia (northern European Russia, southern Urals, and the Tunguska and Kuznetsk Basins). The new taxa are Permotanyderus sibiricus sp. nov., P. sensibilis sp. nov., P. rakitovi sp. nov., Rudimentanus rieki gen. et sp. nov., R. cisuralicus sp. nov., Permotanyderites pseudopolycentropoides gen. et sp. nov., Chimaeropteron antiquum gen. et sp. nov. and Ch. agmatos sp. nov. The most archaic genus, Chimaeropteron gen. nov., is assigned to the new subfamily Chimaeropterinae. Choristotanyderus nanus Riek, 1953 is transferred to Permotanyderus Riek, 1953. The distinct suctorial mouthparts revealed in P. nanus and the analysis of wing characters provide evidence for the affinity of Permotanyderidae with the long-proboscid families Nedubroviidae and Pseudopolycentropodidae.
Lapnana, a new genus of tribe Evacanthini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Evacanthinae) from India
Authors: JAT MONICA , MESHRAM NARESH M. , DEY DEBJANI
Published: December 2022

A new leafhopper genus Lapnana gen. nov. and species Lapnana ishanya, sp. nov. are described and illustrated from Arunachal Pradesh, India. The new genus is closely related to genus Onukindia Viraktamath and Webb but differs in having a median lamellate carina extending from the base to apex of the crown and ventral processes on the male pygofer.
Determining the Impact of Boundary Layer Schemes on the Secondary Circulation of Typhoon Faxai Using Radar Observations in the Gray Zone
Authors: Ikuta Yasutaka , Sawada Masahiro , Satoh Masaki
Published: December 2022

Using detailed radar observation data for Typhoon Faxai, which made landfall in the Tokyo metropolitan area in 2019, a sensitivity test of the boundary layer (BL) schemes for a numerical weather prediction (NWP) model was conducted for gray-zone numerical simulations with a grid spacing of 250 m. We compared the results of our simulations using an NWP model with radar observations that captured the BL and the secondary circulation structures of Faxai. We used three BL schemes based on a Reynolds-averaged model, the gray-zone model, and a large-eddy simulation (LES) model: the Mellor–Yamada–Nakanishi–Niino level 3 (MYNN3) scheme, the Anisotropic Deardorff Model (ADM) scheme, and the Deardorff (DDF) scheme, respectively. The turbulence kinetic energy was the smallest, and the inflow near Earth’s surface the strongest, in the gray-zone simulation with the DDF scheme. This simulation also produced values for BL thickness and secondary circulation that were the closest to observation and reproduced horizontal roll structures whose scale was larger than the observation. Neither experiment using the MYNN3 scheme or the ADM scheme produced rolls, but the parameterized turbulence seemed to estimate the effects of the rolls. However, their BL heights were higher than observed, suggesting that the MYNN3 and ADM schemes are not appropriate for a 250 m grid simulation of the present case. These results are also confirmed against LES with 50 m grid spacing in which the DDF scheme is used. In summary, this study provides insights into the interpretation of the properties of BL schemes in the gray zone.
Phase-Locked Impact of the 11-Year Solar Cycle on Tropical Pacific Decadal Variability
Authors: Huo Wenjuan , Xiao Ziniu , Zhao Liang
Published: December 2022

As an important external forcing, the effect of the 11-yr solar cycle on the tropical Pacific decadal variability is an interesting question. Here, we systematically investigate the phase-locking of the atmosphere and ocean covariations to the solar cycle in the tropical Pacific and propose a new mechanism to explain these decadal covariations. In both observation/reanalysis datasets and a solar cycle forced sensitivity experiment (named the SOL experiment), the ocean heat content anomalies (OHCa; 300 m) resemble a La Niña–like pattern in the solar cycle ascending phase, and the Walker circulation shifts westward. In the declining phase, the opposite is true. The accumulative solar irradiation directly contributes to this coherent decadal variability via changing the warm water volume and the solar-related heat is redistributed by the ocean dynamic processes. During the 11-yr solar cycle, the Pacific Walker circulation anomalies maintain the OHCa in the western equatorial Pacific and work as negative feedback for the eastern Pacific to help the OHCa phase transition. In addition, oceanic meridional heat transport via the subtropical cells and the propagation of off-equatorial Rossby waves also provide a lagged negative feedback to the OHCa phase transition according to the 11-yr solar cycle. The decadal coupled responses of the tropical Pacific climate system are 2 years more lag in the SOL experiment than in the observation/reanalysis.

Significance Statement

Here, we propose a new mechanism that the heating effect of the accumulative solar irradiation during the 11-yr solar cycle can be “integrated” into the tropical Pacific OHC and then provide a bottom-up effect on the atmosphere at decadal time scales. The strongly coupled processes in this region amplify the decadal phase-locking of the covariations to the 11-yr solar cycle. Our study demonstrates the role of the 11-yr solar cycle in the tropical Pacific decadal variability and provides a new explanation for the “bottom-up” mechanism of the solar cycle forcing. Our results update the understanding of the tropical Pacific decadal variability and may help to improve climate predictions at decadal time scales.
Evaluation of Snowfall Retrieval Performance of GPM Constellation Radiometers Relative to Spaceborne Radars
Authors: You Yalei , Huffman George , Petkovic Veljko , Milani Lisa , Yang John X. , Ebtehaj Ardeshir , Vahedizade Sajad , Gu Guojun
Published: December 2022

This study assesses the level-2 snowfall retrieval results from 11 passive microwave radiometers generated by the version 5 Goddard profiling algorithm (GPROF) relative to two spaceborne radars: CloudSat Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR) and Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Ku-band Precipitation Radar (KuPR). These 11 radiometers include six conical scanning radiometers [Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for the Earth Observing System (AMSR-E), its successor sensor AMSR2, GPM Microwave Imager (GMI), and three Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounders (SSMIS)] and five cross-track scanning radiometers [Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) and four Microwave Humidity Sounders (MHS)]. Results show that over ocean conical scanning radiometers have better detection and intensity estimation skills than cross-track sensors, likely due to the availability and usage of the low-frequency channels (e.g., 19 and 37 GHz). Over land, AMSR-E and AMSR2 have noticeably worse performance than other sensors, primarily due to the lack of higher than 89-GHz channels (e.g., 150, 166, and 183 GHz). Over both land and ocean, all 11 sensors severely underestimate the snowfall intensity, which propagates to the widely used level 3 precipitation product [i.e., Integrated Multi-satelliteE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG)]. These conclusions hold regardless of using either KuPR or CPR as the reference, though the statistical metrics vary quantitatively. The conclusions drawn from these comparisons apply solely to the GPROF version 5 algorithm.
Split Sentencing and the “Youth Discount” in Florida Criminal Courts
Authors: Lehmann Peter S.
Published: December 2022

Prior research on the criminal court punishment of transferred youth relative to adult defendants has produced mixed findings; however, these disparities have not been examined in the context of intermediate and alternative sanctions. In Florida, judges have the discretion to assign a split sentence, which involves a mitigated term of imprisonment followed by a sentence to community supervision. Using data on felony cases sentenced under Florida’s Criminal Punishment Code ( N = 704,977), these results provide evidence of a “youth discount,” with juveniles more likely than adults to receive split sentences. However, this pattern is observed regardless of whether a prison sentence is recommended by the guidelines, that is, even among cases in which a split sentence represents an upward departure.
Race and Ethnicity Effects in School Discipline: A Coarsened Exact Matching Analysis
Authors: Lehmann Peter S.
Published: December 2022

Much prior work has revealed that minority students are more likely than White youth to experience school suspensions, expulsions, and office referrals. However, the research establishing these patterns has relied exclusively on regression-based methods, which may not ensure adequate between-group balance on the measured covariates. Using data from the 2012 to 2019 8th/10th grade cohorts of the Monitoring the Future survey ( N = 62,962), this study compares the treatment effects estimated following coarsened exact matching (CEM) with those generated using conventional methods on unmatched data. The results from both sets of analyses reveal notable effects of race but less consistent findings for Hispanic ethnicity. Further, while the effect sizes are similar, the average adjusted predictions from the matched data are more modest.
Synthesis of epoxy resin-based aqueous polyurethane and application to polyester-cotton fabric finishing
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Shang Yudong , He Jiangping , Li Tiehu , Li Yasen , Li Mingyue , Wang Mengnan
Published: December 2022

In this work, epoxy resin (EP)-based aqueous polyurethane (PU) anionic PU dispersion was synthesized by the prepolymer and self-emulsification method. The PU prepolymer was first synthesized to serve as seeds. Then, trimethylolpropane and A-type EP (E-51) were introduced into it, followed by neutralization and emulsification reactions, and, finally, it formed a crosslinking network structural waterborne PU emulsion. The effect of epoxy contents on the particle size, rheological properties, storage stability, thermal stability, mechanical properties, and hydrophilicity of the resulting PU films was systematically investigated. The results showed that the PU dispersions displayed excellent storage stability and crosslinking density, and the glass transition temperature of the composite films was increased. The properties of self-made epoxy-modified polyurethane emulsion and polyester-cotton fabric before and after finishing were tested. The wrinkle resistance, hydrophobicity, and strength of the finished polyester/cotton fabric are improved, and it exhibits better color fastness to washing and rubbing.
Interweaving xenophobia and racism in South Africa: the impact of racial discrimination on anti-immigrant hate violence among people of colour
Authors: Gordon Steven Lawrence
Published: December 2022

Self-reported experiences of racial discrimination are quite prevalent among the adult population of colour in South Africa. This article will argue that ongoing experiences of racial intolerance encourage participation in hate crime. To validate this thesis, two models are tested: (a) the Common Ingroup Identity (CII) and (b) Social Identity Threats (SITs). The former suggests that experiences of discrimination can help create a shared ‘disadvantaged’ identity that produces intergroup tolerance. The latter contends that group discrimination undermines social norms and the stress caused can encourage aggression. The study examined participation in anti-immigrant violence as well as behavioural intention towards the same. Nationally representative survey data from the South African Social Attitudes Survey was used. Multinomial regression analysis found that experiences of perceived personal and collective discrimination influenced participation in hate crime. This finding was consistent with the SITs model rather than the CII model. Socio-economic status was found to buffer the influence of racial discrimination, showing how economic advantages helped people cope with adverse situations. Study outcomes demonstrate how the legacy of white settler colonialism has contributed to xenophobia in the post-apartheid period. Policy interventions (especially those targeting the poor) that reduce racial discrimination will decrease public participation in hate crime.
The effect of silica aerogel on thermal and sound absorption insulation properties of epoxy plate and glass fiber fabric epoxy composite
Authors: Altay Pelin
Published: December 2022

Silica aerogel (SA) is used as an additive in composite production to improve their thermal–mechanical properties, owing to their excellent properties such as high porosity, low density, and low thermal conductivity. All these unique properties make it attractive to be used for improving sound absorption and thermal insulation properties of composite materials. However, there are very limited studies on both improvement of sound and thermal insulation properties of glass fiber fabric epoxy composite by adding silica aerogel. With this aim, this study investigates the effect of incorporation of SA as a filler in glass fiber fabric epoxy composite (GFEC) and epoxy plate used in a wide variety of structural and engineering applications such as buildings, constructions, communication, aerospace and transportation, on sound absorption and thermal insulation. Results indicate that SA addition decreased the thermal conductivity coefficient from 0.55 to 0.48 W/mK for GFEC, and from 0.25 to 0.23 W/mK for epoxy plate, providing improvement on thermal insulation. Silica aerogel increased the maximum sound absorption coefficient (SAC) from 0.27 to 0.65, shifting the frequency from 4000 to 400 Hz for GFEC. The maximum SAC value increased from 0.28 to 0.41 at 800 Hz and decreased from 0.54 to 0.47 at 2000 Hz in SA incorporated-epoxy plate with 1 cm air gap thickness. The results reveal that SA has an improvement effect on low-frequency sound absorption for both GFEC and epoxy plate.
Observer-based decentralized dynamic event-triggered scheme and resilient control under DoS attacks
Authors: Li Jiahao , Liu Yu , Yu Jinyong
Published: December 2022

This paper investigates the observer-based resilient sliding mode control problem for cyber-physical systems (CPSs). In multiple transmission channels under aperiodic denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, a decentralized dynamic event-triggering scheme is designed to reduce the network transmission burden. To construct such a periodically sampled event-triggering scheme, a set of finite-time observers is designed to obtain estimated system states. On the controller side, to obtain higher control reliability under DoS attacks, decentralized observers are correspondingly arranged in these channels. In this process, an exponential stability condition is obtained using a piecewise Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional approach. The stability conditions of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) are given, and the computational complexity is much less compared with the counterparts in some existing results for multiple channels. To further improve the disturbance rejection performance, a weighed integral-type sliding surface is introduced, and the impact of unreliable state estimating channels is reduced. An auxiliary system is also designed to handle the input saturation, and the closed-loop system under DoS attacks is asymptotically stable. Finally, an example of an unmanned aerial vehicle is given to verify the effectiveness of the obtained resilient control approach.
Fractional order active disturbance rejection control design for non-integer order plus time delay models
Authors: Yi Hang , Wang Pei-hong , Zhao Gang
Published: December 2022

This paper proposes a time-delayed fractional order active disturbance rejection control (TD-FADRC) strategy to address a class of time-delayed fractional order systems represented by non-integer order plus time delay (NIOPTD) models. To accurately estimate the fractional order states, the fractional order extended state observer (FESO) is utilized with introducing an artificial delay block to synchronize inputs. The studied model and its corresponding observer are treated as a holistic plant, based on which several types of fractional order proportional-integral-derivative (FPID) with constrained order are employed as feedback controllers. By unfolding the resulting open-loop plant in the frequency domain, the controller gains can be derived explicitly from the typical robustness metrics, that is, the phase margin and gain crossover frequency. The performance, robustness, and delay issue are consequently all concerned. To guarantee the closed-loop stability, the controller gains under a given observer bandwidth are limited within a bounded region mapped by the D-decomposition method. Through representative simulations, the merits of the proposed strategy for such models are revealed.
Pleomorphic Liposarcoma of the Parapharyngeal Space: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Gruber Karson M. , Vasudevan Srivatsa Surya , Janus Jeffrey R.
Published: December 2022

Pleomorphic liposarcomas (PLS) are the rarest subtype of liposarcomas, representing only 5–10% of liposarcomas. Pleomorphic liposarcomas are extremely aggressive and have a poor prognosis. Here, we present the case of a 66-year-old female who presented with difficulty swallowing, talking, and hearing. An extensive investigation revealed the presence of an aggressively growing parapharyngeal space mass. The patient underwent a left parapharyngeal space exploration and left deep lobe parotidectomy by the cervicoparotid approach. Histopathological evaluation of the surgical specimen further confirms the presence of pleomorphic subtype of liposarcoma. The patient received adjuvant radiotherapy following the procedure. At 6 months postop, the patient is in good health and shows no evidence of recurrence. In addition to this treatment, we discuss the radiologic and histologic findings of this current case.
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Sleep Duration Life Expectancies among Men and Women in Mid-to-Late Life
Authors: Sheehan Connor M. , Garcia Marc A. , Chiu Chi-Tsun , Cantu Phillip A.
Published: December 2022

This analysis documents U.S. racial/ethnic and gender differences in life expectancies with different self-reported sleep durations among adults aged 50 and older. We used self-reported sleep duration and linked mortality information from the 2004–2015 National Health Interview Survey ( n = 145,015) to calculate Sullivan Method Lifetables for life expectancies with different self-reported sleep duration states: short (≤6 hours), optimal (seven to 8 hours), and long (≥9 hours) sleep duration per-day by race/ethnicity and gender. Non-Hispanic Black men (35.8%, 95% CI: 34.8%–36.8%) and women (36.5%, 95% CI: 35.7%–37.1%) exhibited the highest proportion of years lived with short sleep duration followed by Hispanic men (31.1%, 95% CI: 29.9%–32.3%) and women (34.1%, 95% CI: 33.1%–35.1%) and Non-Hispanic White men (25.8%, 95% CI: 25.4%–26.2%) and women (27.4%, 95% CI: 27.0%–27.7%). These results highlight how race/ethnic inequality in sleep duration and life expectancy are intertwined among older adults in the U.S.
Generational Perspectives on Homeland-Oriented Diasporic Humanitarianism: Coptic, Assyrian, and Iraqi Christian Charities in the United Kingdom
Authors: McCallum Guiney Fiona
Published: December 2022

This article explores generational perspectives on homeland-oriented diasporic humanitarianism by minority diasporas. Through a case study of Coptic, Assyrian, and Iraqi Christian charities in the United Kingdom, it compares the motivations for charity-giving of first- and second-generation diaspora members. The first generation has direct life experiences in the homeland, whereas the second generation has indirect knowledge of the ancestral homeland through collective memory. Despite different experiences of the homeland, the article finds that ongoing crises in the homeland serve as trigger events that mobilize both first- and second-generation diaspora members to support members of their community in the Middle East. Generational divergence, however, occurs over the range of charity beneficiaries. The first generation tended to adopt an exclusive approach to humanitarianism by focusing upon homeland-oriented aid solely to Copts, Assyrians, or Iraqi Christians. The second generation, by contrast, was still deeply committed to supporting members of their own community in the Middle East but also maintained an attachment to Egypt or Iraq, as well as to the United Kingdom, that resulted in support for additional causes in the homeland and the United Kingdom. It is the range of recipients of diaspora charity, rather than mobilization to support the community in the homeland, that was impacted by generational differences. The article's findings imply that the second generation of minority diasporas is reshaping diasporic humanitarianism by reacting to their connections with both the homeland and host state when identifying charity beneficiaries.
Utilizing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and surfactant in the management of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome due to hydrocarbon pneumonitis
Authors: Rufener Christina R , Friedman Nathan A , Vaught Jordan E , Harvey Helen A , Coufal Nicole G
Published: December 2022

Severe cases of hydrocarbon aspiration requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) are rarely reported in pediatrics, and 90% of hospitalized patients have a relatively benign clinical course. We describe a 14 month-old female with accidental hydrocarbon ingestion and aspiration due to organic makeup brush cleaner that suffered severe ARDS and multiorgan failure, successfully managed with ECMO and surfactant. She was decannulated after a total of 72 hours on ECMO, extubated on hospital day 15 (HD 15), and discharged home in her normal state of health after one month in the hospital. ECMO and adjunctive therapies such as surfactant may be helpful in the management of severe hydrocarbon pneumonitis and there are limited reports of ECMO as a supportive method for these pediatric patients.
Altered hemodynamics and vascular reactivity in a mouse model with severe pericyte deficiency
Authors: Stobart Jillian L , Erlebach Eva , Glück Chaim , Huang Sheng-Fu , Barrett Matthew JP , Li Max , Vinogradov Sergei A , Klohs Jan , Zarb Yvette , Keller Annika , Weber Bruno
Published: December 2022

Pericytes are the mural cells of the microvascular network that are in close contact with underlying endothelial cells. Endothelial-secreted PDGFB leads to recruitment of pericytes to the vessel wall, but this is disrupted in Pdgfbret/ret mice when the PDGFB retention motif is deleted. This results in severely reduced pericyte coverage on blood vessels. In this study, we investigated vascular abnormalities and hemodynamics in Pdgfbret/ret mice throughout the cerebrovascular network and in different cortical layers by in vivo two-photon microscopy. We confirmed that Pdgfbret/ret mice are severely deficient in pericytes throughout the vascular network, with enlarged brain blood vessels and a reduced number of vessel branches. Red blood cell velocity, linear density, and tube hematocrit were reduced in Pdgfbret/ret mice, which may impair oxygen delivery to the tissue. We also measured intravascular PO2 and found that concentrations were higher in cortical Layer 2/3 in Pdgfbret/ret mice, indicative of reduced blood oxygen extraction. Finally, we found that Pdgfbret/ret mice had a reduced capacity for vasodilation in response to an acetazolamide challenge during functional MRI imaging. Taken together, these results suggest that severe pericyte deficiency can lead to vascular abnormalities and altered cerebral blood flow, reminiscent of pathologies such as arteriovenous malformations.
Regional opportunity structures: A research agenda to link spatial and social inequalities in rural areas
Authors: Bernard Josef , Steinführer Annett , Klärner Andreas , Keim-Klärner Sylvia
Published: December 2022

This paper introduces and discusses regional opportunity structures as a concept for analysing the interlinkages between structural conditions in space, social inequalities, and people’s agency, with a focus on non-metropolitan areas. The concept adds value in the following ways: (1) it emphasises the regional scale as an important spatial context of access to opportunities; (2) it accounts for the complexity of the regional context, which provides a plethora of opportunities; (3) it recognises the interdependencies of regional effects and other drivers of inequality; and (4) it takes the regional level seriously as a background of the agency of a region's inhabitants.
When Living Wills go Missing: Associations With Hospice Use and Hospital Death Using National Longitudinal Data
Authors: Zhang Peiyuan , Cagle John G.
Published: December 2022

Despite documented benefits of advance care planning (ACP), understandings about the impact of advance directives (AD)—critical steps in the ACP process—remain limited. As a type of AD, living wills (LWs) are often misplaced or forgotten about. This study explores the prevalence of missing LWs among older adults in the U.S. and its association with in-hospital death and hospice care use. Analyses are based on 692 participants who responded to LW completion questions in the 2016 Core and 2018 wave of the Health and Retirement Study Nearly a fifth of American older adults age 65+ had an LW that went missing. Stepwise logistic regression results show that completed LWs confirmed by both individuals and their proxies were associated with increased hospice use and fewer hospital deaths. Individuals whose LWs went missing still had better end-of-life care than those who did not have an LW.