bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changing the Principal Supervisor Role to Better Support Principals
Authors: Goldring Ellen , Clark Melissa A. , Rubin Mollie , Rogers Laura K. , Grissom Jason A. , Gill Brian , Kautz Tim , McCullough Moira , Neel Michael , Burnett Alyson
Published: September 2024

After six districts focused the principal supervisor's job on improving instruction, principals gave higher ratings to their supervisors.
Pengaruh Kegiatan 3M Media Kain Flanel terhadap Kemampuan Motorik Halus Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di TK Ihyaul Ulum Lamongan
Authors: Saadah Dwi Aminatus
Published: September 2024

Penelitian Pre Eksperimental desaign dengan jenis one group pretest posttest ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kegiatan 3M media kain flanel terhadap kemampuan motoric halus anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Ihyaul Ulum Lamongan. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah anak kelompok B di TK Ihyaul Ulum Lamongan yang berjumlah 16 anak. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknis anailisis data menggunakan Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Test. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh Thitung =0 dan Ttabel Untuk N=16 dengan taraf signifikan 5% sebesar 30, maka (0<30). Data tersebut menunjukkan Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Hasil penelitian kegiatan 3M media kain flanel berpengaruh. Hal ini dikarenakan kegiatan 3M media kain flanel dilakukan sesuai dengan tahapannya. Selain itu, kain flanel yang digunakan kongkret, aman karena bentuknya halus dan tebal yang dpaat melatih ketangkasan jari anak, dan tidak cepat rusak serta menarik bagi anak. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan 3M media kain flanel berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan motoric halus anak usia 4-5 tahun di TK Ihyaul Ulum Lamongan.
Contemporary Research in Health and Life Sciences
Authors: El-Sayed Amina
Published: September 2024

Contemporary research in health and life sciences is driving significant advancements in our understanding of human biology, disease mechanisms, and innovative treatment strategies. This paper reviews current trends in areas such as genomics, biotechnology, personalized medicine, and public health. By integrating insights from cutting-edge research, it highlights how interdisciplinary approaches are transforming healthcare delivery and life sciences. Key challenges, including the ethical implications of new technologies, are also discussed. The review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the ongoing developments and their potential to shape the future of global health and medical practice.
Fomento de la eficiencia energética en hogares: implementación de estrategias gamificadas para la optimización energética residencial
Authors: Oña Enríquez Alejandra Yadid , Estrella Tapia Diego Fernando
Published: September 2024

Este estudio explora la implementación de estrategias gamificadas para optimizarel consumo energético en instalaciones residenciales. A lo largo de seis meses, se observóque la gamificación es una herramienta efectiva para reducir el consumo de energía,logrando una disminución promedio del 15% en los hogares que participaron activamente.La gamificación incentivó a los usuarios a adoptar hábitos energéticamente sostenibles através de desafíos y recompensas, lo que también mejoró su compromiso y participacióncontinua. Los resultados mostraron que los elementos gamificados, como la competenciaentre usuarios y los sistemas de recompensas, fueron fundamentales para fomentarcambios de comportamiento positivos y duraderos. Además, la retroalimentación continua yel monitoreo en tiempo real permitieron a los usuarios ajustar su consumo energético demanera proactiva, mejorando la eficiencia en el uso de dispositivos de alto consumo. Aunqueel estudio identificó algunas limitaciones, como la variabilidad en la participación y lainfraestructura tecnológica, se concluye que la gamificación tiene un alto potencial parapromover la eficiencia energética en el entorno residencial. Las conclusiones sugieren quela personalización de los desafíos y la diversificación de las recompensas son clave paramantener el interés y la motivación de los usuarios a largo plazo. Este enfoque podría serreplicado en otros contextos para evaluar su efectividad en diferentes entornos y condistintos perfiles de usuarios. En definitiva, las estrategias gamificadas presentan unaprometedora vía para mejorar la sostenibilidad y la eficiencia energética en los hogares,contribuyendo significativamente a los esfuerzos globales en esta área.
Planificación estratégica para fomentar el uso de movilidad eléctrica en quito, considerando diversas trayectorias
Authors: Taco Cabrera Alexis Geovanny , Rodríguez Santillán Manuel David , Tirira Chulde Rubén Darío , Bonifaz Aldaz Lorena Paola , Sangoluisa Yaguana Oliver Sebastián
Published: September 2024

Actualmente, la movilidad eléctrica se destaca como una respuesta crucial a los desafíos ambientales y energéticos a nivel mundial, mientras que Quito, una ciudad en expansión, se enfrenta al desafío de adoptar soluciones de transporte sostenibles. La estrategia para promover vehículos eléctricos no solo busca mitigar los impactos ambientales del transporte convencional, sino también promover un modelo urbano más limpio y eficiente. Este proceso de planificación abarca desde incentivos para la adquisición de vehículos eléctricos y el uso de estos, adaptándose a las características específicas de la ciudad. El objetivo primordial es analizar los resultados para incentivar el uso de vehículos eléctricos a lo largo de la ciudad de Quito. La metodología empleada en el estudio es dual, combinando enfoques tanto teóricos como prácticos. Se realiza una exhaustiva revisión de la literatura para fundamentar la investigación, evaluando aspectos tecnológicos referidos a vehículos eléctricos junto con estudios de casos que ilustran experiencias exitosas en otras ciudades. La movilidad eléctrica en Quito ofrece ventajas considerables en términos de costos operativos y sostenibilidad ambiental, aunque su efectividad puede variar según el tipo de ruta y las condiciones específicas del terreno. Este enfoque estratégico no solo busca posicionar a Quito como líder en innovación y compromiso ambiental a nivel regional y global, sino también establecer las bases para que se impulse la transición hacia una movilidad más sostenible.
Pengaruh Media Video Animasi Terhadap Kemampuan Berhitung Permulaan Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Enjela Bela Ocvi , Miranda Dian , Amalia Annisa
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan media video animasi terhadap kemampuan berhitung permulaan anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Global Maju Khatulistiwa Pontianak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif bentuk eksperimen dengan desain penelitian Pre eksperimental desain one group pretest-posttest. Banyaknya sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 11 anak. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan lembar observasi, daftar checklist dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu uji normalitas data untuk mengetahui data apakah berdistribusi normal kemudian dilakukan uji regresi linear sederhana, uji t (t-test) dan dilakukan uji effect size. Didapatkan nilai rata-rata kemampuan berhitung permulaan anak sebelum penggunaan media video animasi adalah 5,55 serta setelah penggunaan media video animasi adalah 8,82. Berdasarkan pada hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai signifikansi pada uji regresi linear sederhana sebesar 0,00  yang artinya media video animasi berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan berhitung permulaan. Nilai koefisien determinasi yang diperoleh sebesar 0,814 yang artinya pengaruh media video animasi terhadap kemampuan berhitung permulaan anak adalah sebesar 81,4%.  Hasil uji t menunjukkan bahwa thitung   ttabel (6.267  1,833), maka hipotesis H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Dalam uji Effect Size diperoleh nilai 4,160  1,00 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media video animasi berpengaruh kuat terhadap kemampuan berhitung permulaan anak.
Pengembangan Media Virtual Tour Berbasis Foto 360 Derajat Tugu Khatulistiwa Untuk Pengenalan Lingkungan Sekitar Bagi Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Kamilia Insan , Aunurrahman Aunurrahman , Lukmanulhakim Lukmanulhakim
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertuan untuk mengembangkan dan menghasilkan media virtual tour berbasis foto 360 derajat Tugu Khatulistiwa pada naka usai 5-6 tahun. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pengembangan atau Reaserch and Development (R&D) dengam model pengembangan ADDIE yang meliputi 5 tahapan yaitu analisis (analysis), Rancangan  desain), pengembangan (development), implementasi (implementasi) dan evaluasi (evelatuation) . Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan angket validasi ahli media dan materi, angket kepraktisan pengguna guiru dan lembar uji coba produk kepada peserta didik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa tahapan pengembangan produk media virtual tour berbasis foto 360 derajat Tugu Khatulistiwa yang tervalidasi dengan kategori “Sangat Valid” berdasarkan validasi oleh ahli media dan materi. Kemudian data kepraktisan  pengguna guru dan uji coba produk kepada peserta  didik media  ini dikategorikan dengan”Sangat Valid”. Penyajian media ini dapat membantu guru dalam menjelaskan materi pembelajaran dan juga medua ini mendapatkan respon yang baik oleh peserta didik. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa media virtual ytour berbasis foto 360 derajat Tugu Khatulistiwa  ini dapat membantu anak usia 5-6 tahun mengenal lingkungan sekitar.
Teori Perkembangan Kognitif Piaget Pada Tahap Operasional Formal
Authors: Arliansyah Maulana
Published: September 2024

Artikel ini membahas tentang the stage formal of operations pada tahap perkembangan kognitif anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian library research yang pengumpulan datanya dilakukan dengan mencari informasi melalui buku, kitab, jurnal, artiikel, dan literatur lainnya yang bertujuan untuk menemukan pemahaman mengenai tahap operasional formal. Hasil research ini menunjukkan bahwa the stage formal of operations atau Operasional formal merupakan tahap terakhir dari perkembangan kognitif anak menurut teori Piaget. Tahap operasional formal akan dimulai saat anak menginjak usia 12 tahun. Saat memasuki tahap ini, anak akan memperoleh kemampuan untuk berpikir secara abstrak, menggunakan logika untuk menyelesaikan masalah, dan belajar merencanakan sesuatu. Selain itu, tahap operasional formal juga memungkinkan anak untuk mulai memeriksa, menilai, dan mengevaluasi pikiran atau tindakannya sendiri.
Kata Kunci: Perkembangan, Tahap, operasional Formal
History of the Mts Al-Inthisor Educational Institution Bendega Tanjung Karang Sekarbela Mataram City, West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Mauzifa
Published: September 2024

This article explains the history of the Mts Al-Inthisor Bendega Tanjung Karang Sekarbela Educational Institution, Mataram City, West Nusa Tenggara. History is events or occurrences that occurred in the past that are studied and investigated to become a reference and guide for future life. Meanwhile, an educational institution is an institution or place where the education or teaching and learning process takes place. Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al Intishor was founded in 2000 with Government Decree Number wx/3-d/pp.03.2/1280/2001, dated 04 August 2001. MTs Al Intishor is one of the formal institutions under the auspices of the Al Intishor Islamic boarding school foundation led by TGH SUBA'I, Madarasah Tsanawiyah Al Intishor was built on a land area of ​​1400 m2. Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al Intishor Bendega Tanjung Karang Sekarbela, Mataram City, from its founding until now has experienced 6 changes in leadership (Madrasah Head). The development process of the Mts Al-Inthisor educational institution has increased over time in the development process, the school community as a whole, both teachers, teaching staff and students work together to realize the vision, mission and goals of the school.
Phenophasic variation in cotyledon chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence: An insight into germinating cowpea
Authors: Kumar Rajeev , Rane Jagdish , Kumar Mahesh , Reddy B. R. , Singh Jagdish , Chaurasia Surya N. S. , Sreekanth Dasari
Published: September 2024

Cowpea is an important grain and vegetable legume that is grown under water deficit-prone tropical and subtropical regions. These regions require genotypes of cowpea that can be established rapidly at the seedling stage. A better understanding of the phenomenon that happens during cowpea germination can help us to develop the varieties that have traits to establish early in the soil. The present study was conducted to investigate the phenophasic variation in cotyledon chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence in the germinating cowpea at different developmental stages because both are indicators of photosynthetic capacity and compared to gas exchange parameters; they are high throughput, speedy and simple in nature. Total chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters viz. maximum fluorescence (Fm), the maximum quantum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), potential photosynthetic activity of PSII (Fv/F0), steady-state relative fluorescence decline ratio (Rfd_Lss) and steady-state coefficient of photochemical quenching based on lake model (qL_Lss) were measured in the cotyledons of germinating cowpea seedlings at the three phenophasic stages that are named as closed, opened and unfurled primary leaf (UPL) cotyledon stages. It was revealed that total chlorophyll content, Fm, Fv/Fm, Fv/F0, Rfd-Lss and qL_Lss are significantly higher in UPL cotyledons as compared to closed cotyledons across all the cowpea genotypes which are the reliable indicators of photosynthetic efficiency. Moreover, total chlorophyll content in cowpea cotyledon was also found to be significantly and positively correlated with chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. The present study suggeststhat UPL cotyledons have better-developed photosynthesis apparatus, and plants tend to be independent of cotyledonary storage for their growth at this phenological stage. Apart from that, it was also evident that there is a natural variation of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in the cowpea cotyledons with a genetic basis that can be utilized in breeding and selection programs of early establishing cowpea genotypes where chlorophyll fluorescence can be used as an selection tool.
Exploring bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. grossum) germplasm resilient to leaf curl disease
Authors: Brahmani Gandikota , Jindal S.K. , Sharma Abhishek , Patel S. A. H.
Published: September 2024

Chili leaf curl is a viral disease that has a negative impact on both the quality and quantity of bell pepper and is transmitted by the vector silverleaf whitefly (Bemesia tabaci). Natural screening alone is insufficient for determining the extent of resistance to specific diseases. As a result, natural and artificial screening has been identified as a more precise method for evaluating germplasm, facilitating the identification of resistant genotypes. To determine resistance to chili leaf curl disease, fifty bell pepper genotypes were subjected to both natural and artificial screening at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, during 2022-23. Two genotypes were found resistant (PAU SM-27, PAU SM-45), seven were moderately resistant (PAU SM-5, PAU SM-16, PAU SM-28, PAU SM-32, PAU SM-43, PAU SM-56 PAU SM-86), eight were susceptible, twenty-five were moderately susceptible, and eight were highly susceptible under natural screening. In contrast, artificial screening identified two moderately resistant (PAU SM-16 and PAU SM-28), twenty-nine susceptible, fourteen moderately susceptible, and five highly susceptible genotypes. Under both natural and artificial screening conditions, the genotypes PAU SM-16 and PAU SM-28 were determined to be moderately resistant. Therefore, these genotypes can be utilized in breeding programs to develop genotypes resistant to chili leaf curl disease.
Residue dissipation kinetics and consumer risk assessment of tebuconazole in tomato fruits and the soil
Authors: Majumder Sujan , Kumar Ratendra , . Abhinay , Patel Ajeet Kumar , Pandey Koshlendra Kumar , Singh Arvind Nath , Behera Tusar Kanti
Published: September 2024

Tebuconazole residue in tomato fruit and soil was estimated using gas chromatography equipped with a microelectron capture detector (μECD, 63Ni) and the analytical method was validated. The percent recovery at 0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.50 mgkg-1 was 85.00 to 94.00% in tomato and 81.67 to 89.67% in soil. Tebuconazole is used to control early blight, late blight and powdery mildew. Its residues may remain in the crops, causing the health hazard. Thus, analysis of tebuconazole residue, its dissipation rate and safety evaluations in tomatoes were studied using the validated method. The dissipation of tebuconazole was studied in two doses, i.e., single dose (SD) and double doses (DD). Residues were extracted from tomato fruit with ethyl acetate, and cleanup was given using primary secondary amine (PSA) and magnesium sulfate. The half-life was 3.75 and 1.35 days for SD and DD, respectively. Dietary exposures of the residues were less than MPI of 0.48 mg person-1 day-1 on all the sampling days for both doses. The terminal residue in the soil was found below LOQ for both doses.
DUS based agro-morphological characterization and genetic variability in okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]
Authors: Mishra Bhavana , Tiwari Akhilesh , Pandey S. K. , Ramgiry Meenakshi
Published: September 2024

Twenty-six okra genotypes were studied for morphological characterization, genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance at the Vegetable Research Farm, JNKVV, Jabalpur, during 2022-23. Significant differences were found among genotypes, indicating substantial morphological variation. The PCV was higher than the GCV for all traits. The highest PCV and GCV were recorded for internodal length (35.86, 33.39), fruit diameter (35.72, 33.59), fruit weight (35.67, 35.19) and number of primary branches per plant (35.61, 32.95), suggesting potential for yield improvement through genetic modification. High heritability and genetic advance for traits like fruit weight (97.31, 71.50), fruit yield per plant (91.97, 58.19), number of primary branches per plant (85.62, 62.81), fruit diameter (88.43, 65.08) and internodal length (86.68, 64.04) indicated that additive genes controlled these traits and might be improved through simple selection.
Genetic diversity for horticultural traits in vegetable mustard (Brassica juncea)
Authors: Kumar Dharminder , Kumar Praveen , Singh Jagmeet , Dogra Balbir Singh , Kumar Sandeep , Chandel VGS , Kapoor Renu
Published: September 2024

This research was conducted to study the extent of genetic variability and character association for yield and other horticultural traits along with the estimation of genetic divergence among 101 diverse genotypes of vegetable mustard. Analysis of variance indicated significant differences among all the genotypes for all the characters studied. PCV and GCV were high for various traits, i.e., total anthocyanin content (89.07, 85.91%), number of secondary branches per plant (30.39, 29.85%), total phenol content (28.93, 25.78%) and number of primary branches per plant (24.02, 22.92%), respectively. High heritability estimates were recorded for ascorbic acid content (98.44%) followed by number of leaves per plant (97.65%), number of secondary branches per plant (96.48%) anthocyanin content (93.01%), number of primary branches per plant (91.00%), yield per plant (88.44%), leaf length (88.36%), plant height (85.73%) and total phenol content (79.41%). The correlation studies revealed that yield per plot had a positive and significant correlation with yield per plant and plant height at both genotypic and phenotypic levels (0.512, 0.207 and 0.414, 0.187, respectively). The path coefficient analysis revealed the maximum positive direct effect towards yield per plot by leaf length (0.591) followed by yield per plant (0.538). The first six principal components resulted in 64.925% of the total variance for all the characteristics. On the basis of genetic divergence studies, 101 genotypes were grouped into six clusters and the highest inter-cluster distance was recorded between cluster VI and cluster III (7.755).
Analysis of chlorophyll, carotenoids and yield in mutants of vegetable soybean (Glycine max L.)
Authors: Chaturvedi Vishva Deepak , Kumari Vedna , Dubey Namo , Singh Kunal , Singh Piyush Kumar , Chaubey Shivam , Singh Shwetank , Singh Priyanshu , Singh Anu
Published: September 2024

Soybean (Glycine max) is one of the most important crops globally, serving as a primary source of protein and oil for both human consumption and animal feed. Chlorophyll is crucial for photosynthesis and plays a significant role in the growth and development of soybean plants. Chlorophylls are one of the main metabolites responsible for the color of foliage and fruits, particularly when they are still unripe. The spectral properties of chlorophylls are essential in harvesting light energy and in the transduction of absorbed light energy for photosynthesis. Like other plants, the variation of the leaf color as well as photosynthetic activity in soybean, is dependent on chlorophyll concentration. Chlorophyll content affects nutritional deficits, stress, and photosynthetic capacity of the plant per unit area of the leaf. This paper investigates the relationship between chlorophyll contents and soybean yield, considering various factors such as photosynthetic efficiency, plant health, and environmental conditions..
Evaluation of partial diallel derived okra hybrids in Bundelkhand region
Authors: Maurya Brijesh Kumar , . Neetu , Dwivedi S. V. , Singh D. P. , Singh H. , Karmakar P. , Rai Mritunjay , Patel Vikas
Published: September 2024

An experiment was conducted at Vegetable Research Farm, Department of Vegetable Science, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, Uttar Pradesh during the spring summer and rainy seasons of 2020 using 10 diverse parental lines viz., Arka Anamika (P1), Kashi Pragati (P2), Hisar Naveen (P3), Hisar Unnat (P4), Punjab-8 (P5), Pusa A-4 (P6), Varsha Uphar (P7), Akola Bahar (P8), Phule Vimukta (P9) and Punjab Suhavani (P10) and its 45 F1 (Hybrids) developed through half-diallel mating design with an objective to estimate the magnitude of heterosis for the yield and its component traits in okra. The extent of heterosis was found best for three crosses over better parent i.e., P2 × P10 (21.42%), P2 × P8 (18.47%) and P6 × P7 (15.91%) percent, respectively. for fruit yield per plant and yield per hectare suggested the great scope of realizing higher yield in okra through heterosis breeding. Other economic traits were also recorded as moderate to high level of heterosis over the better parents. The highest magnitude of heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis for almost all of the desired growth characteristics as well as yield-attributing features that may be applied to further breeding programs, were eventually achieved by this particular cross combination, especially in Bundelkhand parts of Uttar Pradesh.
The Impact of Search and Rescue Training and Leadership on Employee Performance: Job Satisfaction as a Mediator Variable in the South Sumatra Regional Marine and Air Police Directorate
Authors: Pranata Andri , Helmi Sulaiman , Trisninawati  , Sartika Dewi
Published: September 2024

Human Resource Management (HRM) is a crucial discipline in managing labor relations to achieve organizational goals effectively and efficiently. HRM integrates scientific elements and artistic aspects in managing human resources. The scientific approach focuses on systematic understanding of labor management, while the artistic approach emphasizes talent and skills in influencing individuals to achieve specific objectives. This research aims to explore the impact of Search and Rescue (SAR) training and leadership on employee performance, considering job satisfaction as a mediating factor. The research sample includes 128 personnel of the South Sumatra Regional Marine and Air Police Directorate using a quantitative descriptive analysis method. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using linear regression. The findings indicate that SAR training and leadership significantly affect employee performance, with job satisfaction serving as a crucial mediator. Additionally, 45% of personnel have not attended SAR training, which can negatively impact their performance in emergency situations. These insights are valuable for the management of South Sumatra Regional Marine and Air Police Directorate in enhancing operational effectiveness and employee performance through improved training and effective leadership.
Kazan Law Schools: Past in the Present (Review of the Session of the II Kazan International Legal Forum)
Authors: Davletguildeev Roustem
Published: September 2024

The review provides information about the work of the session “Kazan Law Schools: Past in the Present”, held on September 29, 2023 at the Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University as part of the II Kazan International Legal Forum. The session participants, graduates of Kazan University, currently representing the leading educational and scientific centers of the Russian Federation, dedicated their speeches to outstanding scientists, who have made an invaluable contribution to the development of the Kazan Law School, whose anniversaries are celebrated in 2023. In addition, controversial issues were raised about the essence of law schools, the factors of their creation, formation, etc. Plans for future work were also outlined to increase the availability of scientific works of outstanding legal scholars at Kazan University of the Soviet and pre-revolutionary periods. The session ended with the ceremonial opening of a memorial plaque in memory of Yury S. Reshetov — Honored Professor of Kazan University, Honored Lawyer of the Republic of Tatarstan, Honorary Worker of Higher Professional Education of the Russian Federation, who worked from 1972 to 2019 at Kazan University, from 1987 to 2015 — Head of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law, Kazan University.
The Beginning of the Expediency and Grounds for the Termination of a Criminal Case and Criminal Prosecution in the German Criminal Process
Authors: Ploshkina Yana
Published: September 2024

Currently, the principle of expediency, characteristic of the Anglo-Saxon criminal procedure, penetrates into continental criminal proceedings, in particular into the German criminal procedure. Since the second half of the 20th century, the principle of expediency has been actively introduced into the German criminal process, which historically was characterized by the beginning of legality. The beginning of expediency acquires particular significance when a criminal case and criminal prosecution are terminated. The introduction of the principle of expediency in criminal proceedings contributes to the optimization of the criminal process and the implementation of the principle of procedural economy. The article examines the beginning of expediency in the German criminal process, which is perceived ambiguously in science, but is becoming increasingly widespread in law enforcement, which is confirmed by statistical data from the Federal Office of Statistics of Germany. The work examines the grounds for termination of a criminal case and criminal prosecution in the German criminal process based on the beginning of legality and expediency; the most common classification in German legal science of the grounds for termination of a criminal case and criminal prosecution on grounds of expediency is given, depending on the imposition of burdens on the accused in the form of his fulfillment certain duties or instructions and analyzed individual grounds for termination of a criminal case and criminal prosecution, in which the beginning of expediency is most clearly manifested in the German criminal process. According to the principle of expediency, the prosecutor̓s office in German criminal proceedings, as the body authorized to initiate criminal prosecution, has the right in each individual case, at its own discretion, to assess the advisability and necessity of criminal prosecution and decide whether to bring public charges or to terminate the criminal case or criminal prosecution. Familiarity with the German criminal process in terms of introducing into it the principle of expediency when terminating a criminal case seems informative and useful for a better understanding and further development of the Russian criminal process, for its possible differentiated regulation.
Census of Great Black-backed Gulls breeding in Caithness, Scotland
Authors: Hughes Robert , O'Hanlon Nina , Oksien Mark , Sellers Robin
Published: September 2024

Caithness, northern Scotland, has historically been an important breeding area for Great Black-backed Gulls Larus marinus, but monitoring at selected colonies shows that numbers have declined substantially over the past 20 years. To investigate this decline in more detail a survey of the whole of the Caithness coast was undertaken during the 2023 seabird breeding season. The survey found a total of 268 Great Black-backed Gull apparently occupied nests (AON) at 76 colonies. Birds were widely distributed around the coast of Caithness with the most significant numbers being on Stroma (24% of the population) and the coast south of Wick (63%). Colonies were mostly small, with 65% holding just a single breeding pair. The results confirm that a substantial population decline of 74% in the number of AON has taken place since the Seabird Colony Register Survey in 1985–88. Larger colonies have seen a gradual decrease in numbers since the latter half of the 1990s, except for Stroma where numbers were at a minimum in c. 2005 before recovering somewhat. The cause of the Great Black-backed Gull population declines remains unclear. Breeding productivity in 2023 was towards the upper end of the range found elsewhere in Britain (0.64 to 1.45 chicks per breeding pair) and, though lower in some previous years, appears not to have been a significant contributor to the declines. Fish and discards from fisheries are important components of the diet of Caithness Great Black-backed Gulls and so reductions in fish stocks or the availability of discards (based on landings of fish at harbours around the Moray Firth) may, in part, be contributing to their declines. Disturbance by ground predators such as Red Foxes Vulpes vulpes is implicated in some recent changes in the numbers of Great Black-backed Gulls breeding on the cliffs south of Wick, and the extinction of several former colonies. We discuss other potential factors contributing to the reduction in numbers and possible methods of halting and reversing the declines of Great Black-backed Gulls.
GREEN HYDROGEN - FUEL OF THE FUTURE
Authors:   Siemens Energy AG, MUSAYEV Yashar , LOCCI Carlo ,   Siemens Energy AG, Yusubov Nizami ,   Department of Machine Building Technology, Azerbaijan Technical University, Rzayev Kamran ,   Department of Machine Building Technology, Azerbaijan Technical University
Published: September 2024

The critical issue of increase in carbon emissions in the world’s atmosphere will have fatal for the stability of the climate. Therefore, increasingly tangible effects of climate change have led the world’s economies in recent years to intensify their efforts for a transition away from fossil fuels. An exceptional push for innovation is the development of renewable energy sources. One promising complement to intermittent renewable power generation is the conversion of surplus electricity to energy storing products, like hydrogen. Current industrial supply for hydrogen is derived primarily from a carbon-intensive process based on natural gas (steam reforming). Hydrogen is the lightest and most abundant element in the universe. On Earth, hydrogen is usually present as part of organic compounds such as methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3), or water (H2O) [1, 2]. Siemens Energy is one of the world’s leading energy technology companies. An estimated one-sixth of the electricity generated worldwide is based on technologies from Siemens Energy. The portfolio includes conventional and renewable energy technology, such as gas and steam turbines, hybrid power plants operated with green hydrogen, and power generators and transformers. For the development of green energy systems is electrolysis a one of key technology to meet Paris agreement targets. The joint vision of the companies is to advance the technology to produce green hydrogen from innovative PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane, Fig.1) water electrolysis using renewable energy systems. This paper describes how the green hydrogen, produces via electrolysis technology, will play a significant role in satisfying the rising demand of green fuels in the future.
Effects of Property Construction Cost Increase during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sio Kah Kong , Xinrui Yang
Published: September 2024

The development of the property sector can significantly influence socio-economic growth and infrastructure development as an essential part of the construction industry. But the sudden COVID-19 pandemic has had severe, and far-reaching effects felt all over the world. Controls on movement, slower circulation of human and material resources and blockades on entry and exit have affected almost all sectors, including the construction industry. For property construction, the increase in costs is a vital issue. The increase in costs due to the pandemic has held back development, and it is essential to minimise the rise in costs. The point of cost increase needs to be explored in terms of its effects on property construction. As this study is more closely related to property construction, an online questionnaire was distributed to property developers, contractors and quantity surveyors in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor to obtain their views. The primary data collected was analysed using statistical tools such as the one sample T-test. The study results indicated that the most significant effect on property construction due to the increased costs of the COVID-19 pandemic was due to funding shortages and financial distress, followed by the credit crisis and more conflict.
Chemogenic Synthesis of Chromium Oxide Nanoparticles using Sol-Gel Method and its Potential on Pancreatic Lipase Inhibition
Authors: Shi Yan Cheah , Lai-Hock Tey , Aminuzzaman Mohammod , Watanabe Akira
Published: September 2024

Obesity is a chronic disease which has been linked with several metabolic disorders. Till now, there is no ideal pharmacological treatment has been developed for obesity treatment. A nanoparticle or ultrafine particle has attracted the attention of researchers due to its unique physiochemical characteristics as a subject tool for physics, chemistry, and biology studies. One of the promising trace elements, chromium, has played a crucial role in the regulation of blood sugar levels and carbohydrates and fats degradation metabolism. Within our project, chromium has been synthesized into chromium oxide nanoparticles (Cr2O3 NPs) using sol-gel method, which has a higher surface area and an oxidizing potential. Chemogenic synthesized Cr2O3 NPs were characterized using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer (UV-Vis), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (Ft-IR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX) confirm the formation and morphology of nanoparticles. Cr2O3 NPs were in spherical shape with an average size of 67.9 nm under SEM analysis and chromium (Cr) (56.7%) and oxygen (O) (43.53%) were analyzed using EDX. Two peaks (272 nm, 368 nm) were shown in UV-Vis characterization and two sharp peaks, 574 cm-1 and 640 cm-1 were present in Ft-IR analysis. Lastly, the pancreatic lipase inhibitory assay, which reduces the absorption of fats into the gastrointestinal system, was appraised on Cr2O3 NPs with 89.48% of inhibition, with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) at 31.70 ± 2.14 (µg/mL) ± SE.
Photosynthetic Microbes as Bioindicator for Nanoparticles in Aquatic Environment: A Review
Authors: Zi Yan Carolyn Foo , Yeong Hwang Tan , Ling Shing Wong , Djearamane Sinouvassane
Published: September 2024

The intensive usage of nanoparticles such as Ag, ZnO, and TiO2 in industries inevitably leads to environmental pollution, especially in the water ecosystem. The bio-uptake and accumulation of nanoparticles in aquatic environments can lead to dire consequences to the flora and fauna, thereby affecting the whole food chain. Photosynthetic microorganisms such as microalgae and cyanobacteria are found abundantly in the natural environment which may be affected by the presence of nanoparticles in the environment, due to their high sensitivity to the presence of pollutants. The present review highlighted the photosynthetic responses after exposure of microalgae and cyanobacteria to these nanoparticles. The different parameters studied on the photosynthetic responses are algal growth, chlorophyll fluorescence emission, algal biomass, primary metabolic content (carbohydrates, lipids, and protein), and the microscopic examination of algae after exposure were summarized and discussed. The effective concentration of microalgae and cyanobacteria was also further investigated in determining the algae with the highest sensitivity as the best potential bioindicator for nanoparticle toxicity in an aquatic environment.
DELUS. The Journal of the Institute of Landscape and Urban Studies
Authors: Prado de O. Martins Luiza , Gruber Christina , Reisinger Karin , Jasper Sandra , Pérez Villoro Federico
Published: September 2024

The pilot issue of DELUS offers a range of diverse insights into landscape and urban questions. It introduces new methods to unpack multiple worlds and narrate manifold stories. The contributions range from unraveling histories of land-body relations through recipes with Luiza Prado de O. Martins, following living fossils and their mythical counterparts with Christina Gruber, working with communities to examine extractive environments with Karin Reisinger, exploring postnatural aesthetics with the Institute for Postnatural Studies, to recording wastelands with Sandra Jasper and developing speculative curricula engaging with overlooked forms of knowledge with Federico Pérez Villoro. As a collection, these contributions address the complex relations between humans, non-humans and their environment across time and space.
Illicit Liquor, Prohibition and Women Resistance: A Case Study of Cato Manor, and Urhoboland, 1950 – 1960
Authors: Abdulkareem Kabir , Khosa Dee
Published: September 2024

The colonial and apartheid periods in South Africa reflect a history of racial discriminations and inequalities which had a debilitating impact on the social lives of the Black people in particular. The institutionalisation of Apartheid systematically restricted the rights of the indigenous people of South Africa, as did the colonial period in Nigeria, from gaining access to social, economic and political institutions, which had a severe impact on African peoples. This paper compares the nexus between the colonial laws enacted by the colonial administrators towards prohibiting the sale and the consumption of locally brewed beer and subsequent resistance by Black South Africans in Cato Manor and the Urhobo of Nigeria’s Niger Delta region as case studies. The paper equally highlights the apartheid government’s attempt to control Black women’s occupational livelihood on beer trade, and also reveals how civil disobedience was used as resistance mechanism against colonial authorities. It also analyses the impact of beer consumption and the trade on local peoples. The study relies on both primary and secondary materials to theorise the beer trade in terms of resistance to the racial and class hegemony of settlers.
The within-group analysis using Friedman’s Test indicated statistically significant improvements in pain intensity and functional disability across all time points for both groups (p < 0.000).
Authors: Rajpoot Ayesha Riaz , Rana Arif Ali , Rajpoot Hafsa Riaz
Published: September 2024

Background: Chronic neck pain (CNP) is a prevalent condition affecting up to 50% of office workers annually. Cervicogenic headache (CEH) is a headache type originating from cervical spine dysfunction.Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of spinal manipulation and conventional massage therapy on pain intensity, range of motion, and functional disability in patients with CNP, with or without CEH.Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted at four hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan. Seventy-eight patients aged 20-40 years were enrolled using a non-probability convenient sampling technique. Patients were randomized into two groups: Group A received spinal manipulation, and Group B received conventional massage therapy, both combined with electrotherapy and neck exercises for six weeks. Pain intensity and disability were measured using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and Neck Disability Index (NDI) at baseline, three weeks, and six weeks. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.Results: Significant reductions in NPRS and NDI scores were observed in Group A compared to Group B at the third week (p = 0.001) and sixth week (p < 0.000).Conclusion: Spinal manipulation was more effective than conventional massage therapy in reducing pain and improving function in patients with CNP, with or without CEH.
Prevalence of Plantar Fasciitis Among Beauticians of City Sheikhupura
Authors: Aneeqa Aqdas  , Zarnish Zaheer  , Erum Ghaffar  , Rimsha Ghaffar  , Muskan Khalid  , Naila Nosheen  , Marwa Kashif  , Tooba Arif  , Rimsha Tariq  , Fatima Mazhar
Published: September 2024

Background: Plantar fasciitis is a common cause of heel pain, often resulting from repetitive stress and prolonged standing, which is particularly relevant to beauticians due to their occupational demands.Objective: To determine the prevalence of plantar fasciitis among female beauticians in Sheikhupura and identify associated risk factors.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 385 female beauticians aged 30-50 years from various beauty salons in Sheikhupura. Participants were selected using a non-probability convenience sampling method. The Windlass test was performed to diagnose plantar fasciitis. Data on age, BMI, work experience, and daily working hours were collected through structured interviews. Data analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics version 25, employing chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression to determine significant associations.Results: The prevalence of plantar fasciitis was 64.68% (n=249). Significant associations were found between plantar fasciitis and age (p<0.001), BMI ≥25 kg/m² (p=0.003), work experience ≥10 years (p=0.001), and daily working hours ≥8 (p<0.001).Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of plantar fasciitis among beauticians, influenced by age, BMI, work duration, and daily standing hours. Targeted interventions are needed to mitigate these risks.
Life Failures and Their Coping Mechanisms: An Anthropological Analysis
Authors: Bokhari Noorulain , Syed Aiman Ali , Zulfiqar Humaira , Rafia Syed
Published: September 2024

Background: Failure is a universal experience, but its perceptions and coping mechanisms are deeply influenced by cultural, social, and religious contexts. In Pakistan, societal expectations and familial obligations significantly shape how individuals navigate failure.Objective: This study aimed to explore the cultural and social dimensions of failure and the coping mechanisms employed by individuals in Pakistan.Methods: A qualitative ethnographic approach was used, involving in-depth interviews, focus groups, and participant observations with individuals from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds in Islamabad. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify key themes related to perceptions of failure, coping strategies, and resilience.Results: Findings revealed that failure is often seen as a reflection on family honor, with significant reliance on religious practices and social support networks as coping mechanisms. Gender differences were evident, with women facing dual pressures of professional and domestic roles, while men were primarily burdened by financial responsibilities. Media representations reinforced traditional norms but also provided alternative narratives of resilience.Conclusion: Cultural, familial, and religious influences play a critical role in shaping perceptions of failure and resilience in Pakistan. Culturally sensitive support mechanisms are needed to address the unique challenges faced by individuals.
Hyperthermia in Patients Presented with Ischemic Stroke: Frequency and Clinical Presentation
Authors: Waleed Abbasi  , Noor Ul Huda  , Umar Azam Ali
Published: September 2024

Background: Hyperthermia is a common complication in acute ischemic stroke and is associated with worsened outcomes due to increased metabolic demand, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation.Objective: This study aimed to determine the frequency of hyperthermia in acute ischemic stroke patients and explore its association with stroke severity and clinical presentation.Methods: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted at Ayub Teaching Hospital from September 2023 to March 2024, including 150 adults diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke within 24 hours. Hyperthermia was defined as a body temperature >37.5°C, measured every 4 hours for 48 hours. Stroke severity was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and categorized into mild, moderate, or severe. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square tests.Results: Hyperthermia occurred in 14.7% (n=22) of patients. It was more frequent in severe strokes (50.0% vs. 18.2% in mild, p=0.001). Clinically, 40.9% had tachycardia, 36.4% had tachypnea, and 22.7% exhibited neurological deficits.Conclusion: Hyperthermia is significantly associated with severe stroke presentations, underscoring the need for vigilant temperature management to improve outcomes.
Association Between Nomophobia and Text Neck Syndrome in Students in Lahore: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shahzeera Fatima  , Mahak Fatima  , Amna Taufiq  , Saira Fiaz  , Muniba Afzal
Published: September 2024

Background: Text neck syndrome, caused by prolonged forward head posture while using mobile devices, is a growing concern among young adults. Nomophobia, the fear of being without a mobile phone, is another emerging issue linked to excessive smartphone use.Objective: To determine the association between text neck syndrome and nomophobia among university students.Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 314 university students aged 18-25 years in Lahore, selected through non-probability convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Neck Disability Index (NDI) and Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q). Participants with traumatic neck injuries or neurological disorders were excluded. Data analysis was performed using SPSS Version 25, with descriptive statistics and Chi-Square tests applied to evaluate the association between variables.Results: The mean NDI score was 0.58 ± 0.495, and the mean NMP-Q score was 2.19 ± 0.639. A significant association was found between neck disability and nomophobia (p = 0.041), with 57.6% of participants showing moderate nomophobia and 57.6% reporting neck disability.Conclusion: There is a significant association between text neck syndrome and nomophobia, indicating that excessive mobile phone use negatively impacts both physical and psychological health among university students.