bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Da inaplicabilidade da remessa necessária contra as sentenças de improcedência provenientes da Lei de Improbidade Administrativa
Authors: Souza Evandro Gustavo de
Published: December 2020

O trabalho em tela tem como fundamento apresentar as perspectivas jurídicas disposta na lei de improbidade administrativa (Lei nº. 8.429/92), principalmente no que concerne à aplicabilidade da remessa necessária nas sentenças de improcedência proferidas em ações de tal natureza. É importante lembrar que a remessa necessária não possui previsão legal na Lei nº. 8.429/92. Contudo, há discussão no âmbito doutrinário e jurisprudencial referente à aplicação do instituto nas ações de improbidade administrativa com sentença de improcedência. De início, o trabalho busca apresentar alguns aspectos da Lei de Improbidade Administrativa. Por conseguinte, em breves linhas, irá expor sobre a finalidade da remessa necessária e, por fim, demonstrará as divergências sobre a sua aplicação ou não nas ações proveniente de improbidade administrativa.
The Cistercian Mission in Transylvania
Authors: Dincă Adinel C. , Schabel Chris
Published: December 2020

Just before 1200 and just after 1240 two Cistercian abbeys, first a male house at Cârța, not far from Sibiu (Sancta Maria in Kerz), and then a nunnery in Brașov (Sancta Katherina), were established in Transylvania, a borderland of the territories ruled by the Hungarian crown inhabited by Eastern-rite Christians, especially Romanians. Conventionally, often following the model of older historiography on Frankish Greece, modern scholars have understood the arrival of the Cistercian Order in this remote area as an effort at conversion initiated by the papal see. Reassessing older evidence within a new historiographical paradigm and adding newly discovered documentary sources, this paper argues instead that the Cistercian mission in Transylvania was tied to local factors, cultural, social, and economic, and thus the White Monks endured as long as their cooperation with the elite of the German colonists in southern Transylvania remained fruitful. In the light of the evidence, and similar to parallel developments in Frankish Greece, neither ethnic conflict nor a desire to convert non-Latins played a determining role in the historical evolution of the Cistercian presence in Transylvania.
New records of Indo-Pacific sponges from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
Authors: PEREIRA PREETI , RAGHUNATHAN CHELLADURAI
Published: December 2020

Six Indo-Pacific sponges are recorded for the first time from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Agelas ceylonica sensu Thomas, 1981, Axinella donnani (Bowerbank, 1873), Dragmacidon australe (Bergquist, 1970), Siphonodictyon maldiviense (Calcinai, Cerrano, Sarà & Bavestrello, 2000), Clathrina clara Klautau & Valentine, 2003 and Plakortis bergquistae Muricy, 2011. Among them, D. australe, S. maldiviense and P. bergquistae are indeed new records to India. These findings not only represent new additions to sponge fauna of India, but also highlight the importance of markedly overlooked sponge diversity of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Revisiting the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation as Seen in ERA5. Part II: Evaluation of Waves and Wave Forcing
Authors: Pahlavan Hamid A. , Wallace John M. , Fu Qiang , Kiladis George N.
Published: December 2020

This paper describes stratospheric waves in ERA5 and evaluates the contributions of different types of waves to the driving of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO). Because of its higher spatial resolution compared to its predecessors, ERA5 is capable of resolving a broader spectrum of waves. It is shown that the resolved waves contribute to both eastward and westward accelerations near the equator, mainly by the way of the vertical flux of zonal momentum. The eastward accelerations by the resolved waves are mainly due to Kelvin waves and small-scale gravity (SSG) waves with zonal wavelengths smaller than 2000 km, whereas the westward accelerations are forced mainly by SSG waves, with smaller contributions from inertio-gravity and mixed Rossby–gravity waves. Extratropical Rossby waves disperse upward and equatorward into the tropical region and impart a westward acceleration to the zonal flow. They appear to be responsible for at least some of the irregularities in the QBO cycle.
Teaching Middle Ear Anatomy and Basic Ear Surgery Skills: A Qualitative Study Comparing Endoscopic and Microscopic Techniques
Authors: Anschuetz Lukas , Siggemann Till , Dür Cilgia , Dreifuss Corinne , Caversaccio Marco , Huwendiek Sören
Published: December 2020

Objective

Endoscopic ear surgery is gaining popularity as a minimally invasive surgical technique for middle ear diseases. Its ongoing implementation into clinical routine has consequences regarding teaching of middle ear anatomy and surgery. To improve undergraduate and postgraduate training, we investigated the perception of and preference for endoscopy as compared with microscopy at different educational levels.

Study Design

Qualitative study based on a thematic analysis approach.

Setting

Tertiary academic medical center.

Methods

After a standardized curriculum was run on endoscopic and microscopic anatomy and surgical skills education, 5 focus groups were held. The interviews were conducted, video recorded, transcribed, and analyzed. Analysis of the data gave rise to 11 themes showing the participants’ perceptions and preferences.

Results

Five medical students, 11 otorhinolaryngology residents, and 3 staff members participated in this qualitative study. For anatomy teaching, there was a clear preference for the endoscopic technique. The main advantages were the enhanced overview and perception of the anatomic details provided through endoscopy. For skills acquisition, the perceived advantages of the techniques were the same view of the surgical field for endoscopy and the 2‐handed surgical technique for microscopy. However, there was no clear preference between the techniques for skills acquisition.

Conclusion

The endoscopic technique was generally judged more beneficial for teaching anatomy, especially due to the greater visualization of the complex middle ear anatomy. Given that both techniques will remain important to future surgeons, the relative unique benefits of each must be considered when designing and optimizing curricula for otologic education.
The French Academy of Sciences: Deliberations related to the discovery of anaesthesia
Authors: Chernick Rebecca E , Desai Manisha S
Published: December 2020

In the mid-19th century, the French Academy of Sciences was one of the oldest and most prominent scientific institutions in the world. Individuals seeking credit for the discovery of surgical anaesthesia contacted the French academy to achieve recognition from this prestigious body of scientists and to spread news of the discovery throughout continental Europe. The French Academy of Sciences was established under the reign of King Louis XIV in 1666 with the goal of supporting and advancing scientific research. Membership was limited to the most accomplished French scientists, who presented their research at weekly meetings and advised the French government on scientific matters. The academy began their deliberations on the discovery of anaesthesia in January 1847. Since anaesthesia had already been tested in the United States and Great Britain, the main contributions of the French academy deliberations included refining administration techniques and documenting the effects of anaesthesia on animals and humans. Recognition of surgical anaesthesia by the French Academy of Sciences and the swift adoption of its use in surgical practice throughout the country lent credibility to this new discovery and enabled the discipline of surgery to progress. Nevertheless, the academy was not able to solve the initial problem for which they may have been contacted—the dispute about which individual deserved credit for the discovery of anaesthesia.
Nonlinear vibrations of a thin isotropic circular plate subjected to moving point loads
Authors: Rai Amit K , Gupta Shakti S
Published: December 2020

Here, we have studied the linear and nonlinear vibrations of a thin circular plate subjected to circularly, radially, and spirally moving transverse point loads. We follow Kirchoff’s theory and then incorporate von Kármán nonlinearity and employ Hamilton’s principle to obtain the governing equations and the associated boundary conditions. We solve the governing equations for the simply-supported and clamped boundary conditions using the mode summation method. Using the harmonic balance method for frequency response and Runge-Kutta method for time response, we solve the resulting coupled and cubic nonlinear ordinary differential equations. We show that the resonance instability due to a circularly moving load can be avoided by splitting it into multiple loads rotating at the same radius and angular speed. With the increasing magnitude of the rotating load, the frequency response of the transverse displacement shows jumps and modal interaction. The transverse response collected at the centre of the plate shows subharmonics of the axisymmetric frequencies only. The spectrum of the linear response due to spirally moving load contains axisymmetric frequencies, the angular speed of the load, their combination, and superharmonics of axisymmetric frequencies.
Investigations on surface roughness and microhardness of turned AM alloy
Authors: Dutta Sunil , Reddy NSK
Published: December 2020

Manufacturers in different sectors look for materials exhibiting good mechanical properties, high machinability, and superior surface integrity. The machinability of Mg alloys is one of the vital aspects which requires an exhaustive survey during their selection for different applications. The study examines the surface integrity of a fabricated AM alloy (Mg alloy with 7 wt%Al-0.9 wt%Mn) through dry turning. During the experiments, the input variables of turning viz. cutting speed( v), depth of cut (DOC), and feed( f) is altered and applied to the workpiece. The data obtained for the two response variables viz. surface roughness and microhardness accentuate the maximum influence of feed, followed by DOC and speed. For validation a two-stage methodology was adopted; In the first stage, the validation was done with the help of Analysis of variance (ANOVA); the results show the % contribution of feed, speed, and DOC on average roughness is 66.94%, 5.91%, and 27.23% and on microhardness is 47%, 8.3%, and 44.57%, respectively. Subsequently, in the second stage, the surface plots are drawn for both the response variables to ascertain the ANOVA outcomes; the shape of the plots corroborates the experimental and ANOVA results. The study results provide vital insights for parameter selection to get improved results on surface roughness and microhardness during machining of AM alloy.
Shifting to Virtual CBPR Protocols in the Time of Corona Virus/COVID-19
Authors: Valdez Elizabeth Salerno , Gubrium Aline
Published: December 2020

COVID-19 has upended community based participatory research (CBPR) projects across the United States and globally. COVID-19 disproportionately impacts historically disenfranchised communities and communities of color, the very communities that CBPR is meant to engage, elevate, and support. In-person activities that help develop rapport and research protocols, build capacity, conduct collaborative data collection and analysis, disseminate findings to the community, and engage in sustainability planning are an impossible practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this article is to describe the challenges and facilitators of shifting to a virtual/online CBPR protocol with a Massachusetts community disproportionately affected by COVID19, as a means to keep them engaged in the research process and to elevate their experiences, perspectives, and voices during this critical time. We include insights about how to facilitate recruitment and compensate community members, form a community advisory board (CAB), hold CAB meetings, and transition participatory qualitative data collection, analysis, and dissemination to a virtual/online framework.
The role of the interosseous ligament in forearm rotation: A bio-mechanical study
Authors: Kholinne Erica , Kwak Jae-Man , Sun Yucheng , Koh Kyoung-Hwan , Jeon In-Ho
Published: December 2020

Background:

Management of longitudinal forearm instability remains challenging. Chronic forearm stability may be overcome by reconstruction of the interosseous ligament (IOL). Despite the bands of the IOL being inseparable, studies of the IOL have focused on the central band (CB), but have neglected the proximal (PB) and distal (DB) bands. The purpose of this study was to characterize the bio-mechanical properties of the IOL.

Materials and Methods:

Twelve frozen specimens from individuals of both sexes were bio-mechanically analyzed using a custom-designed jig operated at constant angular speed to simulate forearm rotation. Strain was measured during dynamic forearm simulation using a motion tracking system.

Results:

The average strain of the CB, PB, and DB during forearm simulation were 0.08 ± 0.04, 0.83 ± 0.47, and 0.65 ± 0.23 mm (p < 0.001). The IOL was generally shortest during maximal pronation and increased as the forearm was rotated to a neutral position. The strain of the CB remain constant during forearm rotation and was the lowest at full pronation to 20° pronation position. Throughout forearm rotation, the strain of the CB remained constant, whereas the strain of the PB and DB fluctuated.

Conclusions:

The PB, CB, and DB of the forearm IOL have different bio-mechanical properties. CB maintained a constant rotational strain throughout forearm rotation. Strain on the CB was significantly lower than strains on the PB and DB. By contrast, strains on the PB and DB varied, suggesting that their roles differ from those of the CB. When CB reconstruction is needed, graft should be tensioned at 20° forearm pronation to gain optimum tension.
What information do patients want about their medicines? An exploration of the perspectives of general medicine inpatients
Authors: Chan Amy Hai Yan , Aspden Trudi , Brackley Kim , Ashmore-Price Hannah , Honey Michelle
Published: December 2020

Background

Medicines are one of the most common healthcare interventions, yet evidence shows patients often do not receive the information they want about their medicines. This affects their adherence and healthcare engagement. There is limited research exploring what information patients want about their medicines, from whom and in what format. The aim of this study was to determine the medicines information needs of patients admitted to the general medical service of a large New Zealand (NZ) hospital, and identify the barriers and enablers to meeting these needs.

Methods

A descriptive exploratory approach using semi-structured interviews was used to understand the needs and preferences of patients for information about their regular medicines and the barriers and facilitators to obtaining this information. Patients admitted to a general medical ward at a large NZ hospital, aged 18 years and over, prescribed one or more regular medicines, and self-managing their own medicines prior to hospitalisation were included. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with each participant (n = 30) and transcribed, then analysed using a general inductive thematic analysis approach.

Results

Five overarching themes captured the medicines information needs of patients: (1) autonomy; (2) fostering relationships; (3) access; (4) communication; and (5) minimal information needs. Patients desired information to facilitate their decision-making and self-management of their health. Support people, written information, and having good relationships with health providers enabled this. Having access to information at the right time, communicated in a clear and consistent way with opportunities for follow-up, was important. A significant portion of participants were satisfied with receiving minimal information and had no expectations of needing more medicines information.

Conclusions

Although patients’ medicines information needs varied between individuals, the importance of receiving information in an accessible, timely manner, and having good relationships with health providers, were common to most. Considering these needs is important to optimise information delivery in general medical patients.
Positive association between dietary acid load and future insulin resistance risk: findings from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study
Authors: Lee Kyung Won , Shin Dayeon
Published: December 2020

Background

Acid-base homeostasis is increasingly being recognized to play an important role in normal metabolic function. However, prospective studies on the relationship between diet-induced acid-base imbalance and insulin resistance among Asian populations have been limited. Thus, we investigated whether diet-induced metabolic acidosis was prospectively associated with insulin resistance risk in middle-aged and older Korean adults.

Methods

In total, 5406 participants from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study without type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, cancer, or renal diseases at baseline examination were included in this study. To estimate diet-induced metabolic acidosis, we used potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP) scores calculated from the usual dietary intake assessed by a validated 103-item food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were applied to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of insulin resistance incidence.

Results

During a mean follow-up period of 7.4 years, we documented 3449 insulin resistance cases. In the fully adjusted model, the future insulin resistance risk was significantly higher among participants in the highest quartiles of PRAL (HR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.13–1.48, Ptrend = 0.0002) and NEAP (HR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.14–1.49, Ptrend = 0.0008) than among those in the lowest quartiles. Associations were slightly strengthened among men, adults < 50 years old, obese participants, or those with low physical activity levels.

Conclusions

Our findings suggested that diet-dependent acid load was positively associated with the future development of insulin resistance, suggesting effect modification by sex, age, the presence of obesity, and physical activity levels.
Follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1) is a prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune cell infiltration in gastric cancer
Authors: Li Li , Huang Shanshan , Yao Yangyang , Chen Jun , Li Junhe , Xiang Xiaojun , Deng Jun , Xiong Jianping
Published: December 2020

Background

Follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1) plays a central role in the progression of tumor and tumor immunity. However, the effect of FSTL1 on the prognosis and immune infiltration of gastric cancer (GC) remains to be elucidated.

Methods

The expression of FSTL1 data was analyzed in Oncomine and TIMER databases. Analyses of clinical parameters and survival data were conducted by Kaplan-Meier plotter and immunohistochemistry. Western blot assay and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) were used to analyze protein and mRNA expression, respectively. The correlations between FSTL1 and cancer immune infiltrates were analyzed by Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIME), Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), and LinkedOmics database.

Results

The expression of FSTL1 was significantly higher in GC tissues than in normal tissues, and bioinformatic analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC) indicated that high FSTL1 expression significantly correlated with poor prognosis in GC. Moreover, FSTL1 was predicted as an independent prognostic factor in GC patients. Bioinformatics analysis results suggested that FSTL1 mainly involved in tumor progression and tumor immunity. And significant correlations were found between FSTL1 expression and immune cell infiltration in GC.

Conclusions

The study effectively revealed useful information about FSTL1 expression, prognostic values, potential functional networks, and impact of tumor immune infiltration in GC. In summary, FSTL1 can be used as a biomarker for prognosis and evaluating immune cell infiltration in GC.
Microglial TonEBP mediates LPS-induced inflammation and memory loss as transcriptional cofactor for NF-κB and AP-1
Authors: Jeong Gyu Won , Lee Hwan Hee , Lee-Kwon Whaseon , Kwon Hyug Moo
Published: December 2020

Background

Microglia are brain-resident myeloid cells involved in the innate immune response and a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. In macrophages, TonEBP is a transcriptional cofactor of NF-κB which stimulates the transcription of pro-inflammatory genes in response to LPS. Here, we examined the role of microglial TonEBP.

Methods

We used microglial cell line, BV2 cells. TonEBP was knocked down using lentiviral transduction of shRNA. In animals, TonEBP was deleted from myeloid cells using a line of mouse with floxed TonEBP. Cerulenin was used to block the NF-κB cofactor function of TonEBP.

Results

TonEBP deficiency blocked the LPS-induced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes in association with decreased activity of NF-κB in BV2 cells. We found that there was also a decreased activity of AP-1 and that TonEBP was a transcriptional cofactor of AP-1 as well as NF-κB. Interestingly, we found that myeloid-specific TonEBP deletion blocked the LPS-induced microglia activation and subsequent neuronal cell death and memory loss. Cerulenin disrupted the assembly of the TonEBP/NF-κB/AP-1/p300 complex and suppressed the LPS-induced microglial activation and the neuronal damages in animals.

Conclusions

TonEBP is a key mediator of microglial activation and neuroinflammation relevant to neuronal damage. Cerulenin is an effective blocker of the TonEBP actions.
Complete remission of heavily treated ovarian clear cell carcinoma with ARID1A mutations after pembrolizumab and bevacizumab combination therapy: a case report
Authors: Lin Yu-Chien , Wen Kuo-Chang , Sung Pi-Lin , Chou Yu-Ting , Liew Phui-Ly , Chen Lin-Yu , Huang Rui-Lan , Lai Hung-Cheng , Chang Lu-Te
Published: December 2020

Background

Patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) have a poor prognosis because they show low sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy. New treatments for refractory OCCC are urgently needed.

Case presentation

We present a patient with refractory OCCC in whom conventional chemotherapy failed. Cachexia was induced by the disseminating recurrent tumors. Tumor tissue staining and genomic analysis revealed PD-L1 negativity, a low tumor burden, stable microsatellite instability, and two mutations in ARID1A. The patient was administered pembrolizumab combined with bevacizumab triweekly. Her serum CA-125 level decreased dramatically after the first cycle. A computerized tomography scan showed marked regression of the recurrent masses after 3 cycles, and the patient reached complete remission after 9 cycles. She showed good recovery from cachexia. We observed no marked side effects except for mild polyarthritis of the small joints.

Conclusions

The therapeutic effect of checkpoint inhibitors combined with angiogenesis inhibitors is very promising in our patient with OCCC. Further clinical trials of tumors including ARID1A mutations are warranted.
A reappraisal of the phylogenetic placement of the Aquilegia whole-genome duplication
Authors: Shi Tao , Chen Jinming
Published: December 2020

The accurate placement of an ancient whole-genome duplication (WGD) in relation to the lineage divergence is important. Here, we re-investigated the Aquilegia coerulea WGD and found it is more likely lineage-specific rather than shared by all eudicots.
Recovery of preoperative absolute knee extension and flexion strength after ACL reconstruction
Authors: Piussi Ramana , Broman Daniel , Musslinder Erik , Beischer Susanne , Thomeé Roland , Hamrin Senorski Eric
Published: December 2020

Background

The recovery of muscle function after an Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) reconstruction is most commonly reported as limb-to-limb differences using the Limb Symmetry Index (LSI), which is not free from limitations. The purpose of this study was to compare the proportion of patients who recover their Preoperative Absolute Muscle Strength (PAMS) 8 and 12 months after ACL reconstruction with the proportion of patients who recover their symmetrical knee strength. A secondary aim was to assess the relationship between psychological Patient-Reported Outcomes (PROs) and recovering PAMS at 8 and 12 months after ACL reconstruction and rehabilitation.

Method

Preoperative, 8- and 12-month results from quadriceps and hamstring strength tests and PROs for 117 patients were extracted from a rehabilitation registry. Individual preoperative peak torques from strength tests were compared with results from the 8- and 12-month follow-ups respectively. Patients were defined as having recovered their PAMS upon reaching 90% of their preoperative peak torque for both quadriceps and hamstring strength. Patients were defined as having recovered their LSI upon reaching a value ≥90% when comparing the results for their injured knee with those of their healthy knee. Correlations between the recovery of PAMS and PROs at 8 and 12 months were analyzed.

Results

There was no difference in the proportion of patients who recovered their PAMS compared with patients who recovered their LSI. In all, 30% and 32% of the patients who recovered their LSI had not recovered their PAMS at 8 months and 12 months respectively. In the patients who had recovered their PAMS, 24% and 31% had not recovered their symmetrical LSI at 8 months and 12 months respectively. There was no significant correlation between the recovery of PAMS and psychological PROs.

Conclusion

The use of both PAMS and LSI provides more detailed information on the recovery of muscle strength after ACL reconstruction. The recovery of PAMS was not correlated with psychological traits, which implies that both PROs and PAMS are important when evaluating patients after ACL reconstruction.

Trial registration

 This trial was not registered.
Humanitarian crisis and sustainable development: perspectives and preferences of internally displaced persons in the northeastern Nigeria
Authors: Shehu Muazu , Abba Adamu
Published: December 2020

This study seeks to contribute to the knowledge of linkages between humanitarian actions in conflict situations and sustainable development. We analysed data generated from qualitative interviews and focus group discussions with encamped and self-settled internally displaced victims (IDPs) of the Boko Haram insurgency in the northeastern Nigeria. Our analysis searched for themes that summarise their preferences and desires of durable solutions. Overall, the majority of the IDPs were more inclined to local integration or resettlement than return. More than males, female IDPs were likely to cite personal experience of violence as a reason for rejecting voluntary repatriation. Feelings of vulnerability, experience of violence and hope of economic and social empowerment were major reasons given in support of local integration or resettlement. Self-settled IDPs are more disposed to returning to their places of origin than encamped IDPs. The need to rebuild livelihoods and restore social and community networks were the major factors participants associated with the choice of return. Beliefs in divine destiny, lack of trust and confidence in the government were dominant views expressed by participants who were indifferent about durable solutions. There is a sense that cultural androcentric norms which give men the power to make decisions for the family shape decision-making even in emergency situations. We conclude that, regardless of their preferences about durable solutions, IDPs have long-term needs that can only be provided if humanitarian actions are integrated into the overall development agenda and programmes of governments.
Temperature-induced configuration changes in hydrogel-coated coils and their relevance in embolization procedures
Authors: Lopez Benitez Ruben , Reyes del Castillo Tomas , Kara Levent , Kettenbach Joachim , Roos Justus
Published: December 2020

Background

The present study attempted to demonstrate how the configuration of hydrogel-coated coils is influenced by different temperature exposures.

Thirty detachable hydrogel-coated coils were evaluated in an in vitro water immersion test under five different temperature ranges (22.6 °C, 37 °C, 40–50 °C, 50–60 °C, and 60–70 °C). The configuration changes were classified (configuration I, configuration II, and configuration III) according to the curling that occurred during 30 min of immersion. Configuration stability of five Hydrogel-coated coils was also evaluated in a two-step temperature immersion test.

Results

All hydrogel-coated coils showed some configuration changes during water immersion. However, a logarithmic transformation of the time and temperature data showed a significant (p < 0.05) negative linear correlation between time and temperature for all coil configurations (configuration I: R = 0.97, configuration II: R = 0.98, configuration III: R = 0.97). The time needed to reach configuration III (complete coiling) was 160.4 ± 41.9 s at 37.5 °C (range: 100–205 s), 45.7 ± 22.2 s at 47.5 °C (range: 23–70 s), 20.2 ± 7.2 s at 57.5 °C (range: 14–32 s), and 10.3 ± 2.4 s at 67.5 °C (range: 7–13 s).

Conclusions

Temperatures above 55 °C induced immediate configurational changes in the hydro-coated coils, achieving complete curling within less than 30 s. Temperatures near 36 °C (normal body temperature) require more time to reach optimal coil curling (configuration III). The optimization of HydroCoil preparation can reduce interventional procedural time and improve clinical results.
Arterio-biliary fistula caused by a hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm in a recently performed liver transplant: successful resolution and long-term liver implant preservation using a covered coronary stent
Authors: Páez-Carpio Alfredo , Serrano Elena , Zarco Federico , Fondevila Constantino , Burrel Marta
Published: December 2020

Background

The formation of a hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm in a liver implant is a rare but potentially fatal complication. Fistulization of such pseudoaneurysms into the bile duct is sporadic. The most common causes of hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm are infection at the anastomosis site, inadequate surgical technique, and an iatrogenic origin due to minimally invasive procedures. Currently, there is no standardized treatment in neither of these complications, with surgery and various endovascular procedures among the alternatives available. None of these therapeutic approaches has demonstrated a significant increase in long-term liver implant preservation.

Case presentation

A 56-year-old man with a two-month liver transplant presented with massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding and hemobilia shortly after the performance of an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography due to the presence of a hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm with fistulization into the bile duct. This case report describes the successful treatment of both complications, the hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm and the arterio-biliary fistula, using a covered coronary stent placed in the hepatic artery. A year and a half after treatment, the patient maintains a preserved liver implant and a patent hepatic artery.

Conclusions

Treatment of a hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm with fistulization into bile duct using a covered coronary stent allowed the correct repair of the defect, adequate hemorrhage control, and long-term liver implant preservation.
Neuronal differentiation strategies: insights from single-cell sequencing and machine learning
Authors: Konstantinides Nikolaos , Desplan Claude
Published: December 2020

Neuronal replacement therapies rely on the in vitro differentiation of specific cell types from embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells, or on the direct reprogramming of differentiated adult cells via the expression of transcription factors or signaling molecules. The factors used to induce differentiation or reprogramming are often identified by informed guesses based on differential gene expression or known roles for these factors during development. Moreover, differentiation protocols usually result in partly differentiated cells or the production of a mix of cell types. In this Hypothesis article, we suggest that, to overcome these inefficiencies and improve neuronal differentiation protocols, we need to take into account the developmental history of the desired cell types. Specifically, we present a strategy that uses single-cell sequencing techniques combined with machine learning as a principled method to select a sequence of programming factors that are important not only in adult neurons but also during differentiation.
COVID-19 Rehab Fright Management
Authors: Mumtaz Nazia , Saqulain Ghulam , Mumtaz Nadir
Published: December 2020

Being diagnosed as positive for SARS-2 CoV RNA on PCR generates anxiety and stress as well as depression due to the prospects of being isolated. With genetically varied forms of virus on the rise the widely adopted manner to protect oneself is social distancing. This is frightening for rehabilitation professionals who at times are exposed at close quarters to the patients as rehabilitation is essential. Data in this backdrop is lacking, as this is a recent and ongoing pandemic. As such the current study was conducted with an attempt to review and highlight the causes of fright among rehabilitation professionals and possible management options in the wake of current pandemic of COVID-19 in the perspective of Pakistan. For this purpose literature was searched from major electronic databases including PubMed, Google, Google Scholar and Web-of-science, with keywords “Covid-19, mental health, telehealth, telemedicine, tele-rehabilitation and combination of words”. Eighty English, full text articles were studied out of which 36 were used for the literature review. With this literature review we conclude that COVID-19 has resulted in fear of contracting and transmitting this disease among health professionals and can be reduced and managed by provision of tele-rehabilitation and telehealth facilities. Patients emerging from prolonged mechanical ventilations require extensive rehabilitation to restore routine body functions. The role of the otolaryngologist and speech language pathologist (SLP) is formal and direct to ensure appropriate and timely long term intervention and rehabilitation to ensure that these individuals re-enter mainstream activities.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.3187

How to cite this:Mumtaz N, Saqulain G, Mumtaz N. COVID-19 Rehab Fright Management. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(1):277-282. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.3187

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
A CT-Scan review of anatomical variants of sinonasal region and its correlation with symptoms of sinusitis (nasal obstruction, facial pain and rhinorrhea)
Authors: Qureshi Maryam Faiz , Usmani Ambreen
Published: December 2020

Objective: To determine the incidence of anatomical variants of sinonasal region and its correlation with symptoms of sinusitis.

Methods: The study was conducted from January-June 2020 at Radiology Department of PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi. The study involved 50 symptomatic subjects of sinusitis with age ranges from 18-60 years which were prepared for computed tomography of paranasal sinuses. The scans were reviewed for nasal-septum, turbinates, uncinate process, ethmoid air-cells along with other anatomical variants and were correlated with symptoms of sinusitis.

Results: Out of 50 subjects, 34 were males and 16 were females with mean age of 42.68±18.22 years. Most common anatomical variants observed were agger nasi cells (64%), deviated nasal septum (56%), and concha-bullosa (46%). Statistically significant correlation existed between bilateral agger nasi cells and nasal obstruction (p=0.017, ρ=-0.336).

Conclusion: The anatomy of sinonasal region is highly complex. However, anatomical variants can disturb the sinus mucociliary drainage pathway resulting in patient suffering. Therefore, considering the variable anatomy of sinonasal region, CT-PNS is recommended for every subject in order to avoid surgical hazards.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.3260

How to cite this:Qureshi MF, Usmani A. A CT-Scan review of anatomical variants of sinonasal region and its correlation with symptoms of sinusitis (nasal obstruction, facial pain and rhinorrhea). Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(1):195-200. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.3260

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Risk factors for completed suicide among people who use drugs: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Murphy Lisa , Lyons Suzi , O'Sullivan Michael , Lynn Ena
Published: December 2020

Background: Research over the past several decades has shown an increased risk for completed suicide among people who use drugs (PWUD). However, no study to date has attempted to summarise the available literature on the variety of risk factors associated with this increased risk. This paper presents a protocol for a scoping review that aims to systematically map and synthesise the extent and nature of published, unpublished and grey literature related to risk factors for suicide among PWUD.

Methods: The following six-stage methodological framework for scoping reviews proposed by Arksey and O’Malley with enhancements by Levac and colleagues will be used: (1) identifying the research question, (2) identifying relevant studies, (3) study selection, (4) charting/mapping the data, (5) collating, summarising and reporting results and (6) expert consultation. The review will be conducted and reported in accordance with the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Key inclusion and exclusion criteria will be developed to guide literature screening and data charting. Three reviewers will conduct the initial screening of published, unpublished and grey literature. Identified risk factors will be collated, summarised and categorised iteratively by two independent reviewers. Stakeholder consultation will occur with experts from a national steering committee, a national advisory group, a national suicide prevention centre and a European drug monitoring centre.

Conclusion: Collating and thematically categorising the various risk factors for suicide among this high-risk group will hold important implications for future research, policy and practice. The research will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed academic journal and a conference presentation, and by sharing the findings with key stakeholders working within research, policy-making and professional practice contexts.
Impact of the Compliance system on the Financial Performance of an Economic Entity
Authors: Vakhorina Marina
Published: December 2020

The aim of the research is to provide a theoretical and practical justification for implementing a compliance system for business management in order to prevent financial risks. To achieve this goal, the definitions of the concept of "compliance" for business purposes from various sources are considered, since there is no normative concept. The author offers the definition of "compliance" as a set of measures aimed at compliance with legal norms and internal rules of an economic entity in order to protect the interests of owners and eliminate financial risks. The experience of business management using the compliance implementation system is summarized. The significance of the compliance policy at the enterprise as a means of increasing competitiveness and efficiency of activities is revealed.

The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is the development of domestic and foreign scientists on the significance of a set of measures aimed at compliance with legislative norms and internal rules of an economic entity in order to protect the interests of owners and eliminate financial risks.

It is concluded that companies that use the compliance system are more competitive than other similar companies, which means that they can increase the efficiency of their activities and, as a result, financial results.
Determining the Size of the Middle Class in Russia Based on a Set of Criteria "Level of Education – Professional Status»
Authors: Guzakova O. , Tulina T.
Published: December 2020

The Middle class of society performs many useful and significant functions in the development of any state. To conduct a balanced socio-economic policy, the state needs to know the social structure of society, including the share of the middle class in the total population, as well as the dynamics of its development. To this end, the paper substantiates the author's criteria for distinguishing the middle class among employees by level of education and professional status. The size of the middle class in Russia is determined for each of the above criteria separately and in their entirety. A comparative analysis of the results obtained is presented, based on which, at the end of the work, directions for increasing the middle class in the country are proposed.
IMPLEMENTATION OF CHARACTER EDUCATION PROGRAM IN VOCATIONAL SCHOOL, LEBONG DISTRICT
Authors: Sumarsih Sumarsih , Zakaria Zakaria
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the research is to describe the implementation of strengthening character education at the Vocational High School in Bengkulu. This research is a quantitative descriptive study. The study population was 156 students, and the study sample used a random sampling sample of 75 students. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire. Data analysis techniques using percentage analysis. The results showed the application of strengthening of character education  Vocational High Schools in Bengkulu; in general, the level has implemented with functional categories with a level of accomplishment reaching 75.4%. Specifically, the religious character value is good (78%), the nationalist is good (74%), independent is good (72%), cooperation is good (77%), and integrity is good (76%). It means that the strengthening of character education consists of religious, nationalist, independent, cooperation, and integrity values carried out by teachers and students according to school programs
INNOVATION OF INTEGRATIVE-INTERCONNECTIVE ISLAMIC EDUCATION BASED ON DIRECT EXPERIENCE IN UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA MALANG
Authors: Chanifah Nur
Published: December 2020

Currently, the implementation of religious education is faced with various problems both internally such as its learning methodology, and externals such as the strengthening of the culture of materialism, consumerism, and hedonism, which has led to changes in people's lifestyle. In this context, it is very important for Islamic education innovations to improve the quality of Islamic education learning, to answer the challenges of globalization today. This study aims to find Islamic education learning innovations that are integrative-interconnective based on direct experience in Brawijaya University. Therefore, this research included case study research with data collection techniques using interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis uses descriptive-qualitative analysis. The results of the study show that Islamic education innovation in Brawijaya University covers several things, namely the paradigm, approach, strategy, method, and learning evaluation system. The learning paradigm is changed from dichotomous to integrative-interconnective, the learning approach is oriented towards student-centered with focus, namely problem, spiritual-scientific, and philosophical-normative. Learning strategies cover direct instruction, contextual teaching and learning, problem-based learning, and meaningful learning. Learning methods are oriented to direct experience. While the evaluation does not only lead to cognitive aspects but affective and psychomotor aspects by using observation and self-assessment techniques. The implications for understanding students are getting better. It can be seen in the result of student grades.
Feminismo negro e a interseccionalidade de gênero, raça e classe
Authors: Moraes Eunice Lea de , Conceição da Silva Lucia Isabel
Published: December 2020

O artigo aborda a questão das intersecções de gênero, raça e classe no feminismo. Trata-se de um estudo teórico, baseado no pensamento de feministas afro americanas e brasileiras sobre feminismo negro e interseccionalidade, discutindo a seguinte pergunta: como o feminismo interseccional das múltiplas dimensões de gênero, raça e classe influencia na luta das mulheres negras contra as dominações e opressões das quais historicamente são vítimas? O objetivo é discutir a interseccionalidade sexista, racista, classista como fundantes do feminismo negro, afirmando o significado desta conexão na compreensão e enfrentamento das lutas e opressões atuais.Palavras chaves: feminismo negro; opressões; interseccionalidade
Apresentação
Authors: Reghim Mariane Silva , Oliveira Hellen
Published: December 2020

Apresentação do Dossiê Especial – IV Semana Discente
MULHER NEGRA E EDUCAÇÃO: A COLONIALIDADE DESTRÓI, VALORES CIVILIZATÓRIOS AFRO-BRASILEIROS RECONSTROEM
Authors: Da Costa Gomes Ana Cristina , De Oliveira Luciana Ribeiro
Published: December 2020

Motivado pela notícia do jornal Estadão de janeiro de 2018, este trabalho tem por objetivo pensar quais seriam as situações apresentadas no percurso escolar da mulher negra que levam a mesma a trazer para suas vivências pessoais e coletivas as experiências de fracasso no âmbito escolar como reflexo do racismo institucional, acentuando as desigualdades sociais em que se encontra a mulher negra. Tomamos como base para essa discussão os valores civilizatórios afro-brasileiros e seu papel enquanto delineadores de uma forma de estar no mundo considerando a relevância do processo histórico de branqueamento. Esses pontos serão pensados sob a ótica de Frantz Fanon, Gayatri Spivak, Maria Lugones e Azoilda Loretto da Trindade.
SOL NA CABEÇA E CORRERIA SOB OS PÉS: VIDA E PRODUÇÃO DE LUIZ ANTONIO MACHADO DA SILVA
Authors: Polycarpo Clara , De Oliveira Hellen Cristina Silva
Published: December 2020

O presente ensaio visa apresentar as principais contribuições das obras do professor e pesquisador Luiz Antonio Machado da Silva para a Sociologia e a Antropologia, dando destaque à sua elaboração sobre o mundo popular urbano e as questões de primeira ordem colocadas pelo autor acerca deste universo. Com um arcabouço investigativo multifocal, buscamos demonstrar como o autor se debruça sobre o cotidiano e a vida nas cidades. Temas como mercado, trabalho, moradia e violência são destrinchados de forma profunda ao longo de sua carreira acadêmica, que perpassa gerações. No ano de celebração dos cinquenta anos do Instituto de Estudos Sociais e Políticos, retomamos suas contribuições como professor e pesquisador do IUPERJ ao IESP-UERJ. Os trabalhos de pesquisa, orientação e circulação de conhecimento, realizados por Machado, apresentam relevância e oxigenação, em um fluxo contínuo de produção que acompanha as transformações e a complexidade do fenômeno urbano e suas dinâmicas.