bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Functional characterisation of a soybean galactinol synthase gene under various stress conditions
Authors:   Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chu Duc Ha , Melanie Buffel ,   University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Le Tien Dung ,   Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Published: September 2018

Galactinol synthase (GolS) has been known to play a key role in raffinose biosynthesis by catalysing the formation of galactinol. The GolS gene family has been recently identified in various plant species. Among them, many individual GolS genes have been reported to function in plant stress tolerance. In this study, we reported the construction of transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing a soybean GolS gene, GolS2. There were no significant differences in the phenotypes of the transgenic and control plants during normal physiological conditions. We evaluated the performance of the transgenic plants under various stress conditions in relation to that of the control plants. The result evidenced that the overexpression of GmGolS2 gene in Arabidopsis improved the plant’s tolerance to salt stress but did not protect the plants against heavy metals and paraquat. Our study suggested that soybean GolS genes could be a potential candidate for genetic engineering to improve abiotic stress tolerance of plants.
Energy development in Vietnam's Mekong river delta: a 'green' or 'grey' outlook?
Authors:   Research Institute for Climate Change - Can Tho University (DRAGON ins.), Tuan Le Anh
Published: September 2018

The Vietnamese Mekong river delta (MD) is recognised as the biggest agriculture and aquaculture region of Vietnam. The MD plays an important role in ensuring food security for the country. The MD also has many sensitive ecosystems reliant on the ecology of the Mekong river basin. However, during the last decade, many electricity generation plants, both renewable and non-renewable power projects, have been built and some will be built in the near future in the MD. These energy plants' construction and operation may prove to be a challenge to the national energy strategy. This paper is a monograph review of two sides of energy sector industrialisation in the MD with a focus on 'green' and 'grey' socio-economic development (as 'xanh' and 'xam' in Vietnamese respectively). 'Green' energy is understood as the electricity generated from inexhaustible sources and known as renewable energy. It emits fewer greenhouse gases and causes less harm to habitats in comparison to traditional fossil fuels and hydropower. 'Grey' energy is another word for non-renewable energy or polluting energy, which can have negative effects on human health, environment, and climate. This paper finds that the MD's energy development plans at present might not be as 'green' as expected, due to more 'grey' power plans in the planning pipeline. This paper also considers an outlook on energy prices and impacts on long-term sustainable development of the MD.
A study of seasonal rainfall in Vietnam at the end of 21st century according to the Non-Hydrostatic Regional Climate Model
Authors:   Vietnam Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Climate change, Nguyen-Dang Mau , Nguyen-Minh Truong ,   Hanoi University of Science, Hanoi, Vietnam, SASAKI Hidetaka ,   Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan, TAKAYABU Izuru ,   Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan
Published: September 2018

This article presents analyses of changes in the seasonal characteristics of the far future climate (2080-2099) across Vietnam as projected by the Non-Hydrostatic Regional Climate Model (NHRCM) in terms of the RCP 8.5 (Representative Concentration Pathways 8.5) scenario. The results show significant changes in seasonal rainfall in Vietnam compared with the 1982-2003 baseline period. Specifically, the June-August rainfall is projected to increase in South Central (SCVN), Central Highlands (CHVN), and South Vietnam (SVN), but to decrease by approximately 50% in North Central (NCVN) and off the Central coast. In the September-November season, the NHRCM detects an increase in rainfall of about 50% in North Vietnam (NVN) and CHVN. The increase and decrease in rainfall are due to the convergence and divergence of moisture flux that might be associated with the westward expansion of the Northwestern Pacific High Pressure in the far future.
Adult attachment and mental health: The role of emotion regulation
Authors: Mortazavizadeh Zeinab , Forstmeier Simon
Published: September 2018

Attachment style is one of the most significant driving forces across the lifespan as identified by a variety of studies. Many studies have suggested that there might be an association between attachment and mental health. In a different thread of research, studies provided evidence that dysfunctional emotion regulation has a potential impact on an individual’s mental health. The present review has the purpose to examine available papers on the association of adult attachment with mental health with particular emphasis on the role of emotion regulation in this association.

A database search was conducted for published data in Psych INFO, Elsevier and Google Scholar by combining search terms: ‘adult attachment’, ‘mental health, diseases or illnesses’ and ‘emotion regulation’.

A total of 182 studies were identified and screened, and finally 19 studies met inclusion criteria. Results of this review revealed a moderate association between insecure attachment and several mental disorders. Also, individuals with insecure attachment showed more difficulty in emotion regulation. However, some studies found no positive association between avoidant attachment and mental disease.

This review suggests that individual with insecure attachment showed an increased risk for mental disorders and that and emotion dysregulation might mediate this relationship. However, most of studies had non-clinical samples which could affect result. Therefore, further research is needed to examine clinical samples regarding the attachment in adulthood and mental health and the role of emotion regulation to come up with more accurate results in the future.
Dental Abnormalities and Oral Pathology of the Pataud 1 Upper Paleolithic Human
Authors: Villotte S. , Ogden A.R. , Trinkaus E.
Published: September 2018

We have re-evaluated the dental abnormalities and oral pathology evident on the Mid-Upper Paleolithic Pataud 1 skeleton, including additional remains recently excavated for this individual, in an effort to expand current knowledge of Pleistocene human paleopathology, in light of current clinical and paleopathological assessments of oral variation and diseases. The young adult female Pataud 1 presents an impacted right M3, widespread periodontitis, large retromolar voids, double right maxillary supernumerary (paramolar) teeth, and new bone deposition on the medial mandibular rami and posterior maxillae. The Pataud 1 remains thus join a substantial sample of Pleistocene humans with congenital/developmental abnormalities, some of which (as in Pataud 1) consequently resulted in secondary abnormalities. M3impaction and supernumerary teeth are known in a couple of other Mid-Upper Paleolithic individuals, and mild to moderate periodontal disease appears to have been widespread. However, such marked resorption of the alveolar margin in a young adult is unusual, and the secondary inflammation (possibly septicemia) leading to new bone deposition is otherwise unknown in the sample and may have led to her death.
Urgences dermatologiques en réanimation : infections nécrosantes de la peau et des parties molles et toxidermies graves
Authors: Urbina T. , Hua C. , Sbidian E. , Ingen-Housz-Oro S. , Duong T.-A. , Wolkenstein P. , Bosc R. , Razazi K. , Carteaux G. , Chosidow O. , Mekontso Dessap A. , de Prost N.
Published: September 2018

Les urgences dermatologiques nécessitant une admission en réanimation sont rares mais associées à une mortalité élevée et à de lourdes séquelles à long terme. Elles sont essentiellement représentées par les infections nécrosantes des tissus mous (également appelées : dermohypodermites bactériennes nécrosantes-fasciites nécrosantes [DHBN-FN]) et par les toxidermies graves que sont les nécrolyses épidermiques (comprenant le syndrome de Lyell ou nécrolyse épidermique toxique [NET], le syndrome de Stevens-Johnson [SJS] et le DRESS (drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms)). Elles ont pour caractéristiques communes un diagnostic souvent difficile, la nécessité d’une approche multidisciplinaire et de soins paramédicaux lourds et spécifiques, imposant fréquemment le transfert dans un centre expert. Le traitement des DHBN-FN est médicochirurgical, associant un débridement chirurgical précoce et une antibiothérapie probabiliste à large spectre. La présence de signes de gravité locaux (nécrose, crépitation, douleur intense) ou généraux (sepsis, choc septique) est une indication d’urgence à l’exploration chirurgicale. Sa précocité est le principal facteur pronostique modifiable, les recommandations de thérapeutiques complémentaires (immunoglobulines intraveineuses, oxygénothérapie hyperbare, pansement à pressions négatives, ...) reposant à ce jour sur un faible niveau de preuve. L’élément essentiel de la prise en charge des toxidermies graves est la recherche et l’arrêt du médicament imputable, facteur essentiel du pronostic. Le SJS et le NET, en général associés à une ou plusieurs atteintes muqueuses, entraînent dans les formes les plus graves une défaillance cutanée aiguë. La prise en charge repose sur les soins de support (correction des troubles hydroélectrolytiques, prévention de l’hypothermie, prévention et traitement des épisodes infectieux, analgésie et anxiolyse, soins locaux). Les complications infectieuses et respiratoires sont les principales causes de décès à la phase aiguë. Aucun traitement spécifique n’a fait la preuve de son efficacité à ce jour. Le diagnostic de DRESS est difficile, et la prise en charge doit être multidisciplinaire. Sa gravité tient aux possibles atteintes viscérales associées (hépatique, rénale et cardiaque) qui justifient dans les formes graves d’une corticothérapie urgente.
Inflationare Deflation oder die Dominanz der globalen Finanzmärkte
Authors: Altvater Elmar
Published: September 2018

The price deflation of goods is accompanied by an increase in the "price" of capital, the rate of interest in real terms. High real rates of interest are the consequences of the sharp competition of currencies. The outcome is a special kind of "financial repression", oppressing accumulation and growth. If real interest rates are higher than the real rates of growth, debtor nations come in structural problems. So the debt crisis of the eighties and the finance crisis of the nineties indicate a new post-modern capitalist regime of "plundering".
Deflation und Arbeitsmarkt in Japan
Authors: Kaiser Cornelia
Published: September 2018

Since the mid 1990s, Japan suffers from a deflationary constellation. The deflation was triggered off by the crash of the stock market in Japan at the end 1980s, and the following credit crunch as banks in Japan stopped to issue credits. The final and most important factor for explaining the deflation is the collapse of the nominal wage anchor. Wages in Japan rose extremely below the increases of productivity. The resulting decrease in unit-labour costs stimulated deflation. Japan also shows how weak monetary policy becomes in a situation of deflation.
Vom Bildungsbürger zum Lernbürger
Authors: Schöller Oliver
Published: September 2018

The future of education is discussed in a highly controversial manner. Concerning the concept of "lifelong learning", the dispute is wedged between those in support and those in opposition of it. But what is the perspective? The argument put forward here is the insight in the necessity of lifelong learning as a potentially progressive idea. Therefore a modem social movement should tal,e up the concept in order to free it from its current neoliberal deformations.
Das 21. Jahrhundert wird ein Asiatisches sein
Authors: Frank André Gunder
Published: September 2018

Das 21. Jahrhundert wird ein Asiatisches sein. Die jüngsten Forschungen, einschließlich meines Buches ReOrient: Global Economy in the Asian Age, überwinden die eurozentrische Geschichtsschreibung und zeigen, dass Asien zumindest bis 1800 in der Welt dominierte. Jedoch zeigt mein demnächst erscheinendes Buch ReOrient the 19th Century, dass mit Ausnahme des kolonialen Indiens, der größte Teil von West-, Zentral-, Südost- und Ostasien, genauso wie Lateinamerika und Afrika zumindest bis zur Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts prosperierten. In China gab es keinen wirklichen „Niedergang“ bis zum Taiping Aufstand in den 1850er Jahren und dem zweiten Opiumkrieg von 1860. Die „große Divergenz“ zwischen Ost und West, wie sie von Kenneth Pommeranz, Professor der Geschichte an der University of California in Irvine bezeichnet wird, setzte erst nach 1870 ein. Die wichtigsten Faktoren für den Niedergang Asiens waren die Schwäche des Staates und der Kolonialismus. Japan, das man für die Tokugawa Periode (1603-1867) fälschlicherweise als „feudal“ bezeichnet, war nach der Meji Restauration von 1868 immer noch unabhängig. Es konnte diese Probleme vermeiden und war daher das erste Land, das sich in der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts entwickeln konnte...
Die Europäische Union: eine neue Supermacht mit imperialen Ambitionen?
Authors: Bieling Hans-Jürgen
Published: September 2018

Recent theoretical conceptions of imperialism may be useful correctives against idealising and harmonising views of international interdependency and co-operation. Analytically, however, they are not necessarily helpful. In terms of the EU, they do not really comprehend its particular international role. Despite improved financial and military capacities, the EU represents not yet an imperial power. Instead, it still pursues a rather hegemonic foreign policy approach due to internal economic restrictions, fragmented political sovereignty and the historical experiences of beneficial economic and political co-operation after World War II. Eventually, however, it remains an open question, whether the multilateralist, law-based and co-operative posture of the EU will prevail even under conditions of economic crisis and further military conflicts in the adjacent neighbourhood.
Polen: Flüchtlingsnotstand – aber wo sind die Flüchtlinge?
Authors: Dietrich Helmut
Published: September 2018

Poland accepted the alien and asylum policy of the European Union. But what does it mean, in the face of the fact that most of the refugees don´t want to sojourn a lot of time in Poland, but want to join their families or friends in Western Europe? How the transfer of policies does work, if the local conditions are quite different than in Germany or France? The answer seems to be the dramatization of the refugee situation in Poland, especially the adoption of emergency measures towards refugees of Chechnya.
Migration als Wirtschaftsmodell
Authors: Rupp Helen
Published: September 2018

The money sent back by Salvadoran migrants in the Unites States to family and community members staying behind in El Salvador is one of the most obvious aspects of the transnationalisation of Salvadoran society during the last years. The constantly rising remittance flows are not only the sustain of a growing share of Salvadoran households but also keep at flow the national economy. The implementation of an economic model based on the exportation of workforce can explain why the government's policies rather encourage international migration and the sending of remittances than to fight the reasons behind this mass exodus.
Von der neoliberalen zur sozialistischen Gouvernementalität Anforderungen an eine Rifondazione der Linken
Authors: Bischoff Joachim , Hüning Hasko , Lieber Christoph
Published: September 2018

While the European socialdemocratic parties cling to their illusion that they could combine a shareholder approach to global capitalism with social welfare for everybody they damage the trust and the political orientation of their former electors and members. The emerging left vacuum could be filled by various groups which criticise global capitalism. A transformational as well as civilising approach of criticising capitalism could be developed if the oppositional forces could agree on first strategic steps towards an utopia of socialistic governmentality, that is a socialistic way and aim of governmental rationality. With Foucault we must realize that this rationality can't be found in the one and only true marxist state theory, but has yet to be invented.
Kurs auf linke Mehrheit in der Gesellschaft
Authors: Wahl Peter
Published: September 2018

For the left, the results of the federal elections in Germany were almost the optimum. The main message was: the Germans stick to social justice and the principles of the welfare state, they don’t accept the anglo-saxon type of capitalism. Neo-liberalism is in a crisis of acceptance. There is the potential for a left majority. This will not come automatically. Social movements and pressure from the society will have to play an important role. This has to happen while respecting the different character and logics of parliamentary extra parliamentary work.
Es gibt Alternativen zur ALCA
Authors: Garcia Ana
Published: September 2018

The Free Trade Agreement of the Americas (FTAA) could not be set up in the way and time the US-Government firstly wanted. Among others, one of the main reasons was the wide spread network resistance that involved trade unions, social movements and grass roots organizations from North and South America, who worked together to pressure their governments to stop negotiations. A new space for action has emerged in the last few years with the election of left-wing Presidents in South America, converging interest of governments with demands from social movements to overcome neoliberal regional integration. A concrete alternative project against FTAA came up from the cooperation agreement between Venezuela und Cuba, but extended to other countries: The "bolivarian" Alternative for the Americas and Caribbean (ALBA) seeks to establish solidary ways of integration in Latin America.
Denn sie wissen, was sie tun
Authors: Schmidt Dorothea
Published: September 2018

In the last years, on average 300.000 people were killed each year in armed conflicts, 200.000 civilians died by the use of small arms in non-military situations. The constant supply of second-hand and new arms manufactured mostly by American and European producers and the easy accessibility in many regions of the world help to nurture violence and conflict situations. Producers and their supporters like the US-American NRA claim „Guns don’t kill people. People kill people” and stress that they always act within the legal framework. Nevertheless, producers are frequently trying to circumvent and undermine or campaigning for the abolishment of all kinds of regulations. Therefore they also bear responsibility for the dreadful damages of the use of small arms.
In schlechter Verfassung? Ursachen und Konsequenzen der EU-Verfassungskrise
Authors: Beckmann Martin , Deppe Frank , Heinrich Mathis
Published: September 2018

After the failed referenda in France and the Netherlands the European Union is in trouble. The integration process is confronted with a double crisis. Firstly the legitimacy of the EU in the population, particularly in lower income groups, has been weakened because of the negative social effects of neoliberal integration projects such as the Lisbon strategy. Secondly the EU is faced with a crisis of leadership. The Franco-German project of making the EU a global player in security policies that also rivals the US failed because of resistance of other European Governments.
Der militärische Arm der Europäischen Union
Authors: Carchedi Guglielmo
Published: September 2018

This essay examines whether the European Union, already the most powerful economic and financial rival of the United States, can develop its military arm to a level compatible with its economic and financial weight. It concludes by suggesting a parallel between European currency and the European military. The ECU started as virtual money that evolved into the Euro to become a real danger for the U.S. dollar. At this point, the nascent EU army is only a potential threat to a still unchallenged U.S. military power, but a parallel and ominous evolution is under way.
Alles Macht, oder was?
Authors: Lindner Urs
Published: September 2018

Challenging the current poststructuralist interpretations of Foucault’s analytic of power, the article explores the materialist borrowings Foucault has taken from Althusser. Conflating domination and politics into a single term, the Foucauldian concept of power appears to be equivocal. Starting from this, it is shown how the Althusserian distinction between ideology and violence haunts the concept of discipline, how the critique of the juridical model of power leads Foucault to a positivistic command model of law, and how Foucault eschews to elaborate the collective character of political action. Finally, the article pleads for reconsidering both Foucault’s and Althusser’s approach in terms of the critical-realist debates on structure and agency.
„Gleichwertigkeit – Ade?“
Authors: Barlösius Eva , Neu Claudia
Published: September 2018

Three main reasons can be identified which triggered a social and political debate whether the task of reaching equal living conditions in Germany has to be abandoned. First, the costs of the reunification and the changed environment caused by globalisation have tightened state budgets available to achieve that aim. Second, economic backwardness and social disengagement of rural areas led to a lasting dependence on transfers from richer German regions. Third, the upcoming demographic change has raised the question whether equal living conditions can be financed for rural areas with low population density. However, the far reaching social consequences of abandoning the aim of equal living conditions remained unconsidered in the debate. Accepting huge differences in living conditions and thus severe territorial disparities means to restrict the equality of opportunity of the rural population and with it endangering the territorial cohesion.
„Kundenorientierung“ in der Altenpflege?
Authors: Kelle Udo
Published: September 2018

Growing financial problems of the German System of public long term care insurance have stimulated cost cutting and rationalisation in the care home industry. The resulting decline of care standards has fuelled government policies to expand control procedures. Thereby concepts drawn from market research like „consumer satisfaction“ play a prominent role. Results from an empirical study are presented which show that feelings of personal dependency and fear from being sanctioned prevent care home residents from giving adequate answers in standardised questionnaires developed to measure consumer satisfaction. Consequently, the application of such instruments may easily lead to the construction of Potemkin villages pretending a high quality of care and an overall satisfaction of care home residents.
„State Failure“ und „asymmetrische Kriege“ als Paradigmen von Weltordnungspolitik
Authors: Zelik Raul
Published: September 2018

Herfried Münkler – who has delivered extensive descriptions of New Wars and the configuration of Empires – is actually treated as one of the most important political analysts in Germany. However, there are very few critical discussions of h is t hesis. Münkler m aintains t hat irregular, ‘ non-state’ wars lead t o a spreading of uncontrollable violence. In this sense and applying to Thomas Hobbes and Carl Schmitt, he celebrates the strong State as a successful instrument of ruling policies and pacification. With similar arguments, he pleads for a self-confident dealing with imperial strategies in international contexts. Münkler, in this way, puts doubtful political arguments at the disposal of the Berlin Republic and its new claims of power.
Die Arbeitsverwaltung als Versicherungskonzern?
Authors: Hielscher Volker
Published: September 2018

One of the main pillars of the German social security system, the Federal Labour Agency has undergone the most extensive reorganization of a public sector organisation in Germany in recent years. The contribution describes the main principles of this management-driven reform process and its conseguences for the service quality in the local job centres. It leads to the conclusion that a gain of efficiency in labour administration faces problems of exclusion for specific groups of job seekers from measures of active labour market policy.
Von der Verbetriebswirtschaftlichung psychosozialer Arbeit
Authors: Keupp Heiner
Published: September 2018

The article critically confronts the adaptation of management parlance to the field of psychosocial work. It insists on criteria of quality which cannot be represented in terms of efficency but are to be grounded in the recognition of subjects and political norms of social justice.
Zwischen Wahlfreiheit und Entscheidungszwang
Authors: Graefe Stefanie
Published: September 2018

The "Patientenverfugung" (advcance directive/living will) as well as the passive and indirect euthanasia is expected to be completely legalized in Germany. The patient's "autonomy at the end of life" is a key concept in the contemporary debate. The law is expected to enable each individnal to enact the medical-assisted preterrn ending of one's life - not only in case of approaching death, but also in all cases in which the patient is not able to express his or her will (e.g. vegetative state, dementia). On the one hand, normalizing the need for a living will activites social fears of becoming a "burden" to relatives or society in times of "limited resources." On the other hand it presents itself as an option to regulate and appease those fears. Such hidden links are analysed.
Immigrant Rights Campaigns
Authors: Grell Britta
Published: September 2018

With 15 millions new migrants the 1990s are the decade, in which the USA had the most migrants in its history. This changed deeply the character of the cities. The US-American cities were not only confronted with a deepening in social-spatial disruption and economic polarization, they also became centers of new social movements and organizing efforts. Los Angeles and Chicago serve as examples for explaining and discussing immigrant rights campaigns.
Verschiebungen im Verfassungskompromiss von den deutschen Landesverfassungen zum europäischen Reformvertrag
Authors: Fisahn Andreas , Viotto Regina
Published: September 2018

Hesse was the first state in Germany after the second world war, with a new constitution. This constitution differs in many ways from the German Grundgesetz and more from the European reform treaty. The Hessian Constitution prefers a democratic control of the economy, the Grundgesetz follows a neutral concept concerning the economy which means the democratic process is in charge to define the relation of society and economy. The significant difference of the European reform treaty is its radical market oriented concept of the economy.
Incidence and Prevalence of Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Thyroid Disorders and Eclampsia in Khammam Region, Telangana State
Authors: Ravali . , Sravani B. , Kumar P. Suresh
Published: September 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence and prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), Thyroid dysfunction and Eclampsia in pregnant women prior to delivery. Methods: An observational retrospective study was conducted between December 2016 and June 2017 in a District Headquarters Hospital and two other tertiary antenatal care centers on pregnant women who delivered between 37 and 42 weeks of gestational age. The study participants data was collected prior delivery who were diagnosed as GDM with Random Blood Sugar levels ≥ 140mg/dl, hyperthyroidism with ≤1.1 µIU/ml and hypothyroidism with ≥ 5.5 µIU/ml and Eclampsia in women who had a grand mal seizure with features of preeclampsia. Results: A total of 265 pregnant women was included whose information was sampled. A prevalence of 10.5% (n = 28) was identified with GDM, 77.7% (n = 206) was identified with Thyroid Disorders and 11.6% (n = 31) with Eclampsia who were categorized into rural and urban communities based on age groups. Conclusion: Ignorance regarding antenatal check-up, lack of transport and lack of early communication with a tertiary hospital play an important role for high incidence and prevalence of complications in pregnancy in Khammam region, Telangana State.
Evaluation of Prescribing Patterns in lower Respiratory Tract Infections at Government Hospital – a Retrospective Study
Authors: Narne Hemamanogna , Nimmagadda Sushma , Yaddanapalli Naveen , Poluri Koteswari
Published: September 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prescribing trends in Lower Respiratory Tract Infections at Government Fever Hospital. Methods: A retrospective, observational, cross sectional study was carried out by collecting prescription of patients admitted to male and female departments of government fever hospital. The data were analyzed by using SAS software. Results and Conclusion: Prevalence of LRTIs was observed more in males than in females. Pulmonary tuberculosis was the most frequently observed disease, followed by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and Consolidation. Antibiotics, bronchodilators, corticosteroids, vitamins and minerals and analgesics were most commonly prescribed drugs, of those ceftriaxone was the common antibiotic followed by amoxicillin clavulanate, metronidazole, piperacillin+tazobactum and Salbutamol was commonly prescribed bronchodilator followed by ipratropium. Of corticosteroids dexamethasone was mostly prescribed drug. Other classes of drugs such as vitamins and minerals, anti-fungal, antiemetics, benzodiazepines, proton pump inhibitors, H2 receptor blockers and antihistamines were prescribed in patients with need. In some patients more number of antibiotics was prescribed, this may lead to development of resistance. But, the severity of the patient condition influences the treatment plan. Of 400 patients included in study, 331 (82.8%) patients were observed with complete prescription and 69 (17.2%) patients with incomplete prescription as 52 patients of them were left against medical advice and 17 patients were absconding.
Molecular Docking an Enchanted Way in The Discovery of Novel Molecule in Designing Drug: A Focused Review
Authors: Mohan Rohit , Singh Bhuwanendra , Maurya Anand , Mishra Gaurav
Published: September 2018

Current review paper revolves around the method of molecular docking. It involves regarding the basics of the docking studies. It also focused on the biological and pharmaceutical significance of the molecular docking, considerable efforts have been directed towards improving the methods used to predict docking. There is general concept about molecular docking is lock and key in which the finding is correct relative orientation of the key which can best fitted into the lock and then the lock can be open easily. How the accurate structure can be designed and what are the correct activities are predicted are the main two aims of the docking studies are preferred in the given studies and some examples are also added within the review for the evidence which supports the importance of docking studies.
The Notion of Platform-Switching in Implants: A Review
Authors: Rawat Ankit , Dhall Rupinder Singh , Bhat Nitish , Ahluwalia Shivika , Sahni Novika , Sharma Sunny , Singh Narender
Published: September 2018

Platform switching implies to the mismatch in diameter of the abutment and that of the implant collar or in particular, use of the abutments with lesser diameter on a greater diameter implant collar. Platform switching was proposed as a process to improve long-term bone maintenance around implants. The clinical applications of platform switching are multiple, and all indicate better long-term predictability in implant therapy by allowing preservation of the peri-implant hard and soft tissue with time. In this review the influence of platform switching on various other factors affecting crestal bone loss around implants has been discussed.
Curing Asthma with Diet and Lifestyle Modification
Authors: Waqas Ali Rai , Dar Umair , Khan Izzatullah , Farooq Asim , Soban M. , Wain Zafeer Naeem , Tahir Umer , Bashir Irfan
Published: September 2018

Asthma means chronic (long term) illness of the lungs causing cough, shortness of breath, chest tightness, wheezing and fast respirations, which is influenced by several genetic developments and environmental factors that affect over 300 million people around the world and 1 in 4 urban children. The occurrence of asthma increased in the world over the last 25 years. Environmental factors such as air pollution allergens, infection, smoking, hormones, and some specific medicine take part in this disorder. Currently there are different therapies to overcome this disease like Herbal, Unani, Ayurveda, Siddha, Homeopathy, Naturopathy, Allopathy, Biochemical and Chinese herbs. Allopathic treatment is also available for majority of the disorders but the problem is increasing price of medication now a days and allopathic medicines are related with a diversity of side effects. So tendency towards management of asthma with modern therapies like intake of nutritional diet and modification in our lifestyle including exercise, yoga are highly adopted these days.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHAN GIZI DENGAN KEBIASAAN MAKAN PADA ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Setiati Yati
Published: September 2018

The reseach was conducted in SDN Mekar Jaya, East Depok. The purpose of this reseach is to find out the correlation between nutritional knowledge and food habit. Data were collected from one Primary School, 150 SD students and parents were selected randomly. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and Distribution Freuency. The result of this study shows that there is a positive Correlation between nutrition knowledge and food habits.
ANALISIS FAKTOR: KONSEP, PROSEDUR UJI DAN INTERPRETASI
Authors: Purwanto Dr.
Published: September 2018

Factor analysis is a test of construct validity. The test is taken by testing so much items or variables and extracting to be lesser and simpler factors. The extraction is carried by unifying some items or variables having significant common variance as they measure the same dimension. In its application, factor analysis can be exploratory or confirmatory. Exploratory factor analysis is used to understand some factors explaining a variabel that analysis does not work under a hyphotesis. On the other hand, confirmatory factor analysis hyphotezise some factors from some items or variables to guide its work. The analysis runs some steps : testing of analysis property, serving correlation matrix, doing extraction, making rotation, and labeling factors. The results of testing are interpreted in some ways. Data can be analyzed if assumptions are approved. Index of Kaiser Meyer Olkin must be over 0,80. Data must also be normal in Bartletâ€™s test of sphericity. Items or variables make the same dimension or factor if they have intercolinnearity over 0,20. A factor can be developed if it has eigenvalues more than 1,00. An item support a factor if it has factor loadings more than 0,30. Then, the developed factors are labelled or named according to the characteristic of supporting items.
GÜVENLİK BAĞLAMINDA GÜÇ KULLANIMI VE ALGI(LAMA) YÖNETİMİ
Authors: Payam Mehmet Murat
Published: September 2018

Günümüzde
tüm insanların ve devletlerin en öncelikli bir sorunu haline gelen güvenlik,
herkesin hayatında büyük bir yer kaplamaktadır. Bu yüzden farklı disiplinlerden
birçok araştırmacı, güvenlik konusu üzerine yoğunlaşmış ve insanların ve
devletlerin güvenliğini etkin bir şekilde sağlamanın yollarını bulmaya çalışmışlardır.
Devletler bir yandan kendi çıkarlarını en üst seviyeye çıkarmak, bölgesel ve
küresel bir güç olmak, diğer yandan kendi ve vatandaşlarının güvenliğini
sağlamak için çok çeşitli araç ve yöntemler kullanırlar. Devletlerin kullandığı
bu araçlardan birisi güçtür. Bu bağlamda, başlangıçta güvenliği sağlamaya
yönelik ana strateji olarak devletler tarafından uzun süre sert güç kullanılmış
ve fakat sadece sert gücün güvenliği sağlamada etkisiz olduğu saptanmıştır.
Ardından devletler, kendilerinin ve vatandaşlarının güvenliği için sert güçle
birlikte veya sert güce alternatif bir yaklaşım olarak yumuşak gücü kullanmaya
başlamışlardır. Güvenlik problemlerinin çözümünde sadece yumuşak güç
kullanımının bir noktaya kadar etkili olduğu görülmüş fakat istenen netice elde
edilememiştir. Buna ilaveten, güvenlik risk ve tehditlerinin küresel ve
bölgesel ölçekte artması, araştırmacıları gerçekten karmaşık olan modern
güvenlik sorunsalıyla ilgilenmede daha stratejik yöntemleri aramaya sevk
etmiştir. Bunun sonucunda, sert ve yumuşak gücün negatif yönlerini elimine edip
pozitif yönlerini kendi içerisinde birleştiren “akıllı güç” adında yeni bir
yaklaşım ortaya konmuştur. Sert, yumuşak ve akıllı güç tartışmasında, bazı
yazarlar algı yönetimini bir “akıllı güç” aracı olarak değerlendirirler. Devletlerin
kendi çıkarları için uluslar arası düzlemde algı yönetimini kullanmaları ise genelde
“kamu diplomasisi” olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Bu açıdan günümüzde çeşitli
düzeyde güç kullanan devletlerin ulusal düzlemde en etkin ve sessiz silahı
algıları yönetmek, uluslar arası düzlemde ise kamu diplomasisidir denilebilir. Bu
bağlamda bu makalede, algı yönetimi ve çeşitli güç kullanımı güvenlik açısından
çeşitli boyutlarıyla ele alınmış ve uygulanabilir öneriler sunulmuştur.
ATASÖZLERİNDE CÜMLE TÜRLERİ
Authors: Tuğluk Mehmet Emin
Published: September 2018

Hemen her toplumda, olaylar
karşısında hazır cevap olarak söylenen, düşündürücü sözler vardır. Türkiye
Türkçesinde atasözü olarak nitelendirilen bu özlü sözlerin bazı durumlarda
kullanılmaları kaçınılmaz olmaktadır. Bu sözler yerinde kullanıldıklarında konuşmaya
akıcılık katmakta ve konuşmanın seyrine yön vermektedir. Anonim olan bu dil
ürünleri toplumun dünyaya bakışını, kültürünü, anlayışını, yaşam kurallarını,
düşüncelerini içten bir şekilde dile getirir. Atasözleri bu işlevlerini yerine
getirirken dilin tüm imkânlarını kullanır.

Atasözleri bir milletin asırlar boyu süren tecrübesinin, kültür tarihinin
dile dökülmüş somut örnekleridir. Sözlü edebiyat ürünleri olarak dilden dile
dolaşan atasözleri, zamanla çeşitli değişimlere uğrayarak günümüzdeki hallerini
almışlardır. Atasözleri, Türk dilinin zaman içerisinde gösterdiği kelime
değişimi, söyleniş özellikleri ve cümle dizimi özelliklerini göstermesi
açısından büyük öneme sahiptir.

Zamanında ve yerinde
kullanıldıklarında güçlü bir anlatım aracına dönüşen atasözlerinin ortak
noktaları anonim olmaları, gözlem ve deneyimlere dayanmaları, ortaya çıktıkları
toplumun özelliklerini yansıtmaları, genel bir ifadede bulunmaları ve
kalıplaşmış olmalarıdır.

Etkileyici
anlatımları atasözlerini cümle türleri açısından incelenmeyi zorunlu
kılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada atasözleri cümle türlerine göre; yapılarına göre,
yüklem çeşitlerine göre, yüklemin yerine göre, cümlenin anlamına göre ve cümle
bağlanışlarına göre beş başlık altında incelenmiştir. Yapılan incelemede
atasözlerinin cümle türleri bakımından çok zengin örnekler içerdikleri
görülmüştür. Ayrıca tüm düzeylerdeki öğretim grupları için cümle türlerinin
öğretiminde atasözlerinin zengin bir kaynak olarak kullanılabileceği tespit
edilmiştir.
The Effect of Rheology Model of an Activated Sludge on to the Predicted Losses by an Elbow
Authors: Csizmadia Péter , Till Sára
Published: September 2018

This study presents a numerical investigation of flow and rheological behaviour of activated sludge. These materials are usually driven by pumps in wastewater treatment plants. Because of the correct sizing of the pipeline systems, which is of great importance from the point of view of efficiency, the friction losses and loss coefficients of the components have to be known. These are well-known in the case of Newtonian fluids but few data are available if the rheological properties are non-Newtonian. Three non-Newtonian models (Ostwald, Bingham, Herschel-Bulkley) are investigated related to the friction factor of a straight pipe, the loss coefficients of an elbow and to the pressure drop on this element. For our study the rheological data were used from the literature, where the same sample origin was diluted or concentrated to achieve three different TSS (total suspended solids) contents for the same sludge (7.4 g/l; 6.2 g/l; 3.6 g/l). Moreover, modified Reynolds-number definitions are tested related to the non-Newtonian models in the case of the laminar, transition and turbulent regions.
Optimization of the Operating and Design Conditions to Reduce the Power Consumption in a Vessel Stirred by a Paddle Impeller
Authors: Ameur Houari , Kamla Youcef , Sahel Djamel
Published: September 2018

Design of the impeller blade is a determining factor in power consumption and mixing quality, which determines consequently the cost of the mixing operation. This study explores the flow patterns and the power required for stirring a Newtonian fluid by paddle impellers. Investigations are carried out via three dimensional (3D) numerical simulations. Effects of the blade curvature, blade diameter, blade number and Reynolds number are analyzed. The curved blade is found to be more efficient to reduce the power consumption, compared with the straight blade. A new correlation is proposed for predicting the power required with two-curved-bladed impellers. The straight and very large blade creates a dead zone in the space between the blade tip and the vertical wall of vessel. This issue may be overcome by the curved blade, which increases consequently the well-mixed region size. A wider well-mixed region may be obtained with the larger curved blade, but with an additional energy cost.
Snapshot of the pharmaceutical promotional literature of Bangladesh: A critical review
Authors: Johora Fatema , Rahman Md. Sayedur
Published: September 2018

The present research was conducted to evaluate the quality of pharmaceutical promotional literature. Indications was mentioned in 88.2% promotional literature and less than half (40.0, 33.9 and 38.9%) of these contains side effects, precautions and contraindications respectively. Among the provided information 67.3%, 16.5%, 19.5% and 24.0% matched with the BDNF/BNF respectively. Scientific articles (73.3%) were cited most followed by commercial online sources (15.5%), data on file (4.2%), regulatory body approval data (2.9%), product monograph (2.7%) and textbook/reference book (1.6%). Only half (50.2%) of these cited references were retrievable and no ‘data on file’ could be retrieved. Though most (73.2%) of the promotional claims were true, 13.7, 5.9, 4.6 and 2.6% were identified as false, exaggerated, ambiguous and controversial respectively. This revelation about the quality of promotional literature might an eye opener for the policy makers. More importantly, this may bring alertness among the physicians during interpretation of pharmaceutical promotion literature.
Comparison of Clinical Profiles in Teenage and Adult Pregnancy
Authors: Ara Rumi Farhad , Alam Jahangir
Published: September 2018

Background: Clinical profiles of the teenage pregnancy are diffident from the adult pregnancy.Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the clinical profiles of teenage and adult pregnancy.Methodology: This comparative cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Dhaka Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh and Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from April to July 1999 for a period of four (4) months. The teenage mothers with the age group of 11 to 19 years who were admitted in the study period were selected as group A and pregnant women with the age group of more than 19 years were selected as group B. All the clinical profiles of these two groups were recorded after admission of these pregnant women.Result: Among the primigravid patients, 50 cases with the age group 11 to 19 years were in the group A and 50 patients with the age group more than 19 years were in group B were selected. Among teens, 68 percent have no antenatal cheek-up. Moderate anaemia was more frequently found in the group A than group B which was 14(28.0%) and 9(18.0%) cases respectively. Moderate oedema was more frequently found in the group A than group B which was 16(32.0%) and 12(24.0%) cases respectively. In teenage group 32(64.0%) cases were without hypertension, whereas 44(88.0%) cases were in adult group.Conclusion: In conclusion anaemia and oedema are more commonly found in the teen pregnancy.Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2018;4(1): 8-11
Effects of Low Level Laser Therapy in Focal Soft Tissue Rheumatism: A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Moonmoon Taslima Hoq , Moyeenuzzaman Md , Mohammad Salek Abul Khair , Shakoor Md Abdus , Haque Md Ziaul , Hafez Fahmida
Published: September 2018

Background: Treatment of focal soft tissue rheumatism is very important.Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the effectiveness of low level laser therapy for the patients suffering from focal soft tissue rheumatism.Methodology: This randomized control trial was carried out in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from March 2006 to August 2006 for a period of 6(six) months. The patients having focal soft tissue rheumatism were selected from the dept. of Physical medicine and Rehabilitation who were referred from other outpatient department of BSMMU and also from general practitioners outside the hospital. Patients were divided into two (02) groups designated as study group who were treated with Low level laser therapy, NSAIDs under the coverage of Omeprazole and ADL advice and control group who were treated with NSAIDs under the coverage of Omeprazole and ADL advices. Each group was treated and followed up for six weeks.Result: A total number of 44 patients were recruited for this study who were presented with different focal soft tissue rheumatism. Of these 44 patients, 32(73.0%) patients were female and 12 (27.0%) were male. Maximum patients belong to 31 to 50 years of age group in both sexes. The clinical improvement of group A was 84.0% and group B 60.0%. Results of the two groups were within narrow range.Conclusion: In conclusion though cannot be established, yet LLLT prove to be of some benefit to focal soft tissue rheumatism patients.Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2018;4(1): 18-22