bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Non-surgical Endodontic Retreatment: A 3D CBCT Quantification of Root Canal Bioceramic Filling Material Removal
Authors: Zhekov Kostadin , Stefanova Vesela
Published: April 2024

Objective

This study aims to quantify and compare the volume of residual bioceramic root canal filling material after different non-surgical endodontic retreatment procedures.

Methods

Fifty single-rooted teeth underwent primary root canal treatment using the ProTaper system and BioRoot RCS. Non-surgical retreatment employs ProTaper files D1, D2, D3, F3 (n=50). For Group A (n=10), retreatment procedures conclude on the X3 file and additional ultrasonic energy (Group B, n=10), the Self-Adjusting File (SAF) system (Group C, n=10), endodontic solvents (Group D, n=10), and chelator (Group E, n=10). Detailed procedures outline each group's retreatment protocol. Residual root canal filling material volumes are precisely evaluated in mm3 using 3D CBCT and specific software.

Results

Significant variations in residual material volume are observed among the groups, with ultrasonic energy demonstrating superior efficacy. Statistical analyses affirm the impact of different methodologies on material removal. The SAF system also shows promise, although limited literature addresses its impact on Bioceramic Sealers. Conversely, no significant advantage is observed with endodontic solvents or chelators.

Conclusion

This in vitro study underscores the efficiency of ultrasonic energy in material removal, supported by the existing literature. The SAF system exhibits promise, contributing to the evolving landscape of endodontic practice. However, endodontic solvents and chelators show limited efficacy in bioceramic sealer removal. The study advocates for the integration of 3D CBCT in endodontic research, offering precise measurements and insights into bioceramic material removal techniques.
Personality and Parental Guidance for Preferred Movies among Japanese Undergraduates: Focusing on Dark Triad and Big-five Personality Traits
Authors: Huang Linzhang , Dai Qi , Nakagaki Yusaku , Oshio Atsushi
Published: April 2024

Background

Movie watching is a prevalent form of entertainment, and with the proliferation of video-on-demand platforms, movie preferences have diversified.

Objectives

The primary objective of this study was to examine the relationships between Big-Five personality traits, Dark Triad, and movie content preferences, exploring beyond traditional genre classifications.

Methods

240 participants from a private university in Tokyo were required to complete the personality scales and answer their five favorite movies, with 139 complete responses analyzed. We converted the answers into movie preferences based on the ratings provided by the IMDb (Internet Movie Database) parental guidance. Parental guidance is an indicator for parents to determine the appropriateness of content when showing their children movies. It is divided into five categories – Sex/ Nudity, Violence, Profanity, Alcohol/ Drug, and Frightening.

Results

Correlation analysis revealed that Machiavellianism and Narcissism were positively related to scene descriptions of Sex/ Nudity and Alcohol/ Drug, and Psychopathy was positively associated with Profanity descriptions. Regarding the Big-Five personalities, Conscientiousness was negatively correlated with descriptions of Violence and Frightening, and Openness was positively related to descriptions of Sex/ Nudity, Alcohol/ Drug, and Profanity.

Conclusion

Dark personality traits are significant predictors of specific movie content preferences. This study can offer valuable insights for content providers and marketers.
Maternal Mortality, Health Determinants, and Covid-19 in the Department of Meta, Colombia: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Garcia-Balaguera Cesar , Vargas Martínez Mery Gireth , Guzmán Arbelaez David Alejandro , Fernandez Valentina Montenegro
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Maternal mortality is an important indicator of the quality of life and efficiency of the healthcare system of a country. Given that it is still a substantial public health concern in Colombia, we aimed to describe the determinants of health identified in maternal deaths registered at the Department of Meta, Colombia, from 2018 to 2021 and to understand their causes or underlying mechanisms by applying the SDH framework.

Materials and Methods

This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using a quantitative approach and involved a review of databases from the maternal mortality epidemiological surveillance system in the Department of Meta during 2017–2022. The analysis involved a multinomial logistic regression to assess risk associations.

Results

Overall, 59 patients were included, with an average age of 29.92 (range: 15–46) years and a median age of 30 years. Maternal mortality had a significant increase in its incidence during the pandemic, especially indirect causes. The logistic regression suggests low income, low educational level, low autonomy of women, being indigenous, and living in rural areas as possible associated factors.

Conclusion

There is evidence of a significant impact on maternal mortality due to COVID-19, reflecting the low response capacity of the Colombian health system and the difficulties of access and information for pregnant women. Further, indirect causes of death must be prioritized in the public health agenda.
A Safety Model for Preventing Nosocomial Infections in Stroke Patients
Authors:   Ahsan , Rahmawati Ike Nesdia , Noviyanti Linda Wieke , Lenggono Kumoro Asto
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are cases of infection that occur in patients after being admitted to the hospital within 48–72 hours. The high number of cases of nosocomial pneumonia and urinary tract infection in the care of stroke patients can increase the length of stay and the risk of ongoing infection. The development of a safety model for preventing infection in stroke patients is urgently needed as an effort to reduce the risk of nosocomial infections in hospitals.

Materials and Methods

This type of quantitative research with a survey approach aims to formulate the construction of an infection prevention safety model with all nurse stakeholders N = 225 with a sample of n = 120 nurses. The research variables studied consisted of safety management practices, safety knowledge, safety motivation, and safety prevention. Data collection involved using a questionnaire with data analysis using a structural equation model (SEM) with the application of smart partial least square (SmartPLS 3.0).

Results

There is a positive and significant effect of safety management practices on safety knowledge (p-value = 0.000 > 0.05), safety motivation (p-value = 0.028 > 0.05), and safety prevention infection (p-value = 0.005 > 0.05). In addition, there is a positive and significant effect of safety knowledge on safety motivation (p-value = 0.028 > 0.05), safety knowledge on safety prevention infection (p-value = 0.002 > 0.05), and safety motivation on safety prevention infection (p-value = 0.001 > 0.05).

Conclusion

There is a strong influence of safety management practices on the formation of safety prevention nosocomial infection through safety knowledge. The safety prevention model of nosocomial infection in stroke patients can be recommended in an effort to prevent and reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections in hospitals.
Health Locus of Control And COVID-19 Risk Perception Among Iranians: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Pourfridoni Mohammad , Khan Moien AB , Ghorbani Atousa , Faryabi Reza , Shafiei Shohreh , Jahanshahi Gholamreza , Baghcheghi Yousef , Askarpour Hedyeh
Published: April 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has a significant impact on people's physical, mental, and emotional health. People perceive diseases differently depending on their view of the source of their health.

Objective

During the outbreak of COVID-19 among the Iranian population, this study examined the relationship between health locus of control and perceptions of COVID-19 risk.

Methods

A cross-sectional study using validated scales was conducted to assess health locus of control and perception of COVID-19 risk. A total of 480 survey responses were analyzed descriptively and inferentially using SPSS software.

Results

The mean age of participants was 22.93 ± 5.42 years. The total score of COVID-19 risk perception (CV-19RP) for all study participants was 131.61 (13.49). Also, the total score of the health locus of control was 69.74 (10.58), and the scores of its subdomains, PHLC, IHLC, and CHLC, were 23.70 (5.51), 27.60 (4.03), and 18.4 (5.39), respectively. There is a significant positive correlation between COVID-19 risk perception and the health locus of control r= 0.366 (p<0.001). The health locus of control subdomains PHLC r= 0.385 (p<0.001) and IHLC r= 0.251 (p<0.001) had a positive correlation with the CV-19RP score. However, CHLC r= 0.141 (p=0.02) had no significant correlation with the CV-19RP score.

Conclusion

In the present study, we found a direct correlation between health locus of control and perception of COVID-19 risk. Most of the respondents believed their activities and internal factors caused their health. The risk of COVID-19 is higher among those who believe their health is affected by the activities of others. To improve community health and achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs), key stakeholders must implement a number of positive strategies.
Cost and Quality Control Model for The Clinical Pathway of Cesarean Section
Authors: Aladin   , Taifur Werry Darta , Aljunid Syed Mohamed , Ocviyanti Dwiana
Published: April 2024

Background

Cesarean section (CS) incidents are increasing in some parts of the world, which are not accompanied by improved service quality and cost-efficiency. Changes in the pattern of health financing from a fee-for-service to a prospective payment (case-mix system) are considered the cause. Clinical pathways are essential for achieving effectiveness (quality control) and efficiency (cost control) in hospital services. However, there has been no prior research on developing a cost and quality control model for CS in the INA-CBG's system.

Objective

This study aims to develop a cost and quality control model for the clinical pathway of CS by calculating unit costs and tariffs, reviewing procedures and outcomes, and evaluating performance efficiency and effectiveness.

Methods

From August 2021 to April 2022, 110 CS patients from 11 hospitals in West Sumatra that provide CS services participated in this study. The study implemented a mixed-method design and utilized Thiagarajan's 4-D model, which integrates interviews, surveys, and recommendations, to develop a prototype model that will be validated again to establish a permanent model.

Results

Of the 110 patients, 45% were efficient, while 77% were effective. Furthermore, 40 patients (36.4%) underwent efficient and effective CS. A prototype of a cost and quality control model for the clinical pathway of CS was developed by analyzing 40 patients with in-depth interviews, a Delphi study, and professional recommendations.

Conclusion

Hospitals can use cost-effective and high-quality clinical pathways for CS services.
Understanding Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Children: A Qualitative Analysis of Family Responses and Behavioral Challenges
Authors: Khamenkan Kanokjun , Homchampa Pissamai
Published: April 2024

Background

This study explored the behavioral problems of children with ADHD and -family-responding behaviors.

Methods

This present research uses Thematic Content Analysis (TCA) for carrying out the qualitative study to analyze the feedback of primary caregivers of children with ADHD aged between 6 and 9. The ADHD-affected children were using the services of the Child Development Clinic (CDC). Data was collected using the in-depth interview guide.

Results

Based on the data obtained from 14 dyads of a primary caregiver and a child with ADHD, two study themes emerged. The first one was related to the behavioral problems of the ADHD children, for which the family caregivers reported three categories: 1) impulsiveness, characterized by being hot-headed, aggressive, impatient, and lacking caution; 2) inattention, reflected by having a short attention span, a lack of self-discipline, forgetfulness, and a lack of due diligence; and 3) hyperactivity, denoted as being energetic and restless. The second theme encompassed the family's response behaviors and family-child interactions; most family caregivers indicated that they provided the child with opportunities to perform day-to-day self-services and help with home chores. They also encouraged the child to learn to develop creativity, perform meditation for mindfulness, and practice exercise, by inculcating positive parenting within the family.

Conclusion

Children with ADHD in Thailand presented three behavioral problems: impulsiveness, inattention, and hyperactivity. Their family response behaviors were to decrease behavioral problems while enhancing the affected child's capacity, health, and well-being. Results also suggested that strengthening positive family-child interactions and positive parenting in a family were important key strategies in taking care ofchildren with ADHD.
Structure and Ligand-based In Silico Studies towards the Natural Inhibitors against Receptor Recognition Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Srivastava Swati , Haneef Mohammad , Saxena Vijay Laxmi , Khan Mahvish , Khan Saif
Published: April 2024

Aim

In silico exploration, identification, and therapeutic potential of natural bioactive compounds as antiviral agents are compared with established FDA-approved antiviral drugs. The main aim of this study is to harness the best of plant-based bioactive compounds in the ongoing battle against viral infections.

Objectives

To investigate the specific amino acid residues within the spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 that exhibit active sites. Furthermore, our objective is to evaluate the efficacy of molecular interactions between the active site residues of spike (S) protein of SARS-2 with FDA-approved drugs and screened bioactive compounds as a potential therapeutic antiviral agent employing in silico approach.

Background

The ongoing global pandemic, attributed to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, commonly known as severe acute respiratory syndrome, continues to spread, giving rise to various emerging variants. These variants, identified as variants of concern or interest (VOC/I), revealed a significant threat to global health, contributing to the severity of the catastrophe.

Methods

We explored how natural bioactive compounds derived from plants and certain FDA-approved drugs interact with the spike (S) protein of the virus. To do this, we employed techniques called molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation (MD & MD Simulation) to evaluate the antiviral potential of screened bioactive compounds against spike (S) protein.

Results

In this study, Withanolide B and A bioactive compounds revealed the best molecular interaction (binding affinity) with spike (S) protein the SARS-CoV-2, with binding energies of -8.6 and -8.3 kcal/mol, respectively.

Conclusion

Unlike usually prescribed drugs, Withanolide B & A, derived from Withania somnifera, commonly known as ashwagandha, were found to be potential inhibitors of the spike (S) protein. This study indicates and emphasizes the promising role of natural compounds in the combat against COVID-19.
The quality of reading and learning in basic general education students
Authors: Rivadeneira-Paz Gina María , Solórzano-Macías Scarleth Lilibeth , Solórzano-Carvajal Fátima Alexandra , Vera-Ramos Ruth Elena
Published: April 2024

The investigation was related to the quality of reading and learning in basic general education students: The case study had the objective of investigating the level of reading comprehension and determining their learning difficulties in the following institutions: "Oswaldo Castro" Educational Unit, "Raymundo Aveiga" Educational Unit, "Gonzalo Abad" Educational Unit and "Cinco de Mayo" Fiscomisional Educational Unit of the city of Chone. For information purposes, the research had a quantitative approach with the purpose of generating statistics based on the results obtained during the implementation of the knowledge test for students and a survey for language and literature teachers. The results presented show the students were able to infer the content of the reading, evidence that they do not practice reading in class, at home, or in other places. That is to say, there is a real disinterest and/or lack of motivation for reading. Finally, it is presented as conclusions the heterogeneity of the strategies used in the teaching-learning process of reading is evident, where there is no unanimous criterion on the part of the teachers related to the way of teaching reading.
role of entrepreneurship subject in Merdeka Belajar Curriculum to civil engineering students’ of the Polytechnic State Pontianak
Authors: Riyanti Rika , Reski Indah Anjar , Muhtadi Ahmad
Published: April 2024

The difficulties in finding a job, drive graduates from college to be creative and innovative in creating job vacancies. Entrepreneurship subject which was erased from the curriculum of the Associate’s Degree of Civil Engineering Study Program and Bachelor of Applied Science of Housing Settlement Planning Study Program needs to be reviewed because entrepreneurship subject, nowadays, is important and become one of the implemented activities in Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka. This research aimed to know the students’ perception about how important entrepreneurship subject to be learnt and students’ interest in becoming entrepreneurs as an alternative job if they graduated. The research method was a qualitative method which used Miles, Huberman and Saldana (2014) analysis. The result of this study was that 73.33% of informants knew the concept of Merdeka Belajar, but they said that it needed to be socialized more especially how to implement it in the learning process. Moreover, all of the informants said that entrepreneurship subjects must be added to the curriculum.
Newborn Screening for Neuromuscular Disorders, Disorders of Glycogen Metabolism, and Fatty Acid Oxidation
Authors: Angelini Corrado
Published: April 2024

Newborn screening for neuromuscular disorders and glycogen or fatty acid oxidation disorders aims to identify infants at risk for these conditions, allowing for early intervention and management. While not all neuromuscular disorders currently have established newborn screening programs, there are various disorders for which screening is available or under investigation. Neuromuscular disorders encompass a wide range of conditions that affect the nerve, muscle, or the connection between them. Examples include spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), myotonic dystrophy, and Pompe disease (GSD II). Each disorder has different genetic causes, clinical presentations, and screening approaches. One example of successful newborn screening is for SMA, a genetic disorder caused by the loss of function of the Survival Motor Neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. This screening involves testing newborns' bloodspots for the absence or low levels of SMN1 gene product (protein), and if detected, further confirmatory genetic testing is performed. Early diagnosis of SMA is also crucial for treatments that are now available. In this article, we deal with various types of muscular dystrophy (DMD, BMD, FSHD), mitochondrial diseases, FAO disorders, and carnitine cycle defects.
Centering Digital Health Equity During Technology Innovation: Protocol for a Comprehensive Scoping Review of Evidence-Based Tools and Approaches
Authors: Burns Kara , Bloom Shoshana , Gilbert Cecily , Merner Bronwen , Kalla Mahima , Sheri Sreshta , Villanueva Cleva , Matenga Ikihele Amio , Nazer Lama , Sarmiento Raymond Francis , Stevens Lindsay , Blow Ngaree , Chapman Wendy
Published: April 2024

Background

In the rush to develop health technologies for the COVID-19 pandemic, the unintended consequence of digital health inequity or the inability of priority communities to access, use, and receive equal benefits from digital health technologies was not well examined.

Objective

This scoping review will examine tools and approaches that can be used during digital technology innovation to improve equitable inclusion of priority communities in the development of digital health technologies. The results from this study will provide actionable insights for professionals in health care, health informatics, digital health, and technology development to proactively center equity during innovation.

Methods

Based on the Arksey and O’Malley framework, this scoping review will consider priority communities’ equitable involvement in digital technology innovation. Bibliographic databases in health, medicine, computing, and information sciences will be searched. Retrieved citations will be double screened against the inclusion and exclusion criteria using Covidence (Veritas Health Innovation). Data will be charted using a tailored extraction tool and mapped to a digital health innovation pathway defined by the Centre for eHealth Research roadmap for eHealth technologies. An accompanying narrative synthesis will describe the outcomes in relation to the review’s objectives.

Results

This scoping review is currently in progress. The search of databases and other sources returned a total of 4868 records. After the initial screening of titles and abstracts, 426 studies are undergoing dual full-text review. We are aiming to complete the full-text review stage by May 30, 2024, data extraction in October 2024, and subsequent synthesis in December 2024. Funding was received on October 1, 2023, from the Centre for Health Equity Incubator Grant Scheme, University of Melbourne, Australia.

Conclusions

This paper will identify and recommend a series of validated tools and approaches that can be used by health care stakeholders and IT developers to produce equitable digital health technology across the Centre for eHealth Research roadmap. Identified evidence gaps, possible implications, and further research will be discussed.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/53855
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with erythrosine photosensitizer against immune response in chronic periodontitis model
Authors: Rochmawati Mutia , Kusuma Maulidina Raihan , Maziyyah Faiz , Naim Cantika Nadrotan , Prihastuti Christiana Cahyani , Satrio Rinawati , Laksitasari Anindita , Sari Dwi Nur Indah , Ichsyani Meylida
Published: April 2024

Chronic periodontitis is a progressive inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth caused by dental plaque bacteria with a clinical sign of periodontal pockets. A Gram-negative bacterium that can trigger this inflammatory disease is Porphyromonas gingivalis. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with blue LED light irradiation and photosensitizer erythrosine can reduce the survival rate of P. gingivalis. This study aimed to determine the effects of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) exposure with blue LED light irradiation and PS erythrosine on the number of macrophages, lymphocytes, and gingival fibroblasts in gingival tissue of Sprague Dawley rats as chronic periodontitis models. This study used a posttest-only control group design to examine 27 Sprague Dawley rats which were divided into P group (healthy rats), N group (untreated chronic periodontitis rats), and PDT groups (chronic periodontitis model given 1 mg/ml PS erythrosine and irradiated with blue LED light for 60 seconds). Cell observation of histologic preparations of rat gingival tissue with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining was carried out on the 1st, 3rd, and 5th days. Histological preparations of gingival tissue with H&E staining was carried out on the 1st, 3rd, and 5th days. Statistical analysis used a one-way ANOVA and the Kruskal-Wallis test, continued with LSD and the Mann-Whitney post-hoc tests. Results showed significant difference in the mean of macrophages in the PDT group compared to the untreated chronic periodontitis group on the 1st, 3rd, and 5th days (p < 0.05). The mean lymphocyte in the PDT group was significantly different from the untreated chronic periodontitis group on the 1st, 3rd, and 5th days (p < 0.05), and significantly lower than that in the healthy group (p < 0.05) but only on the 3rd and 5th days. The mean fibroblast in the PDT group was significantly different compared to the untreated chronic periodontitis group on the 1st, 3rd, and 5th days (p < 0.05). In conclusion, there were significant differences in the number of macrophages, lymphocytes, and fibroblasts in a chronic periodontitis rat model after treatment with APDT exposure with blue LED and erythrosine photosensitizer.
Effectiveness of vitamin D3 supplementation with protein realimentation in osteoblast and osteoclast of the maxilla of breastfed malnourished rat infants
Authors: Hidayah Riski Amalia , Kurniawan Aris Aji , Widyaningsih Pratiwi Nur , Rakhmawati Rakhmawati
Published: April 2024

Child malnutrition can happen because of lack of nutrition during pregnancy. Malnutrition can cause low birth weight in babies. This can cause jaw and alveolar bone abnormalities that can lead to malocclusion, periodontitis, and others. This condition can affect bone cells, such as osteoblast and osteoclast. Vitamin D3 supplementation accompanied by protein realimentation may promote optimum bone growth. This research aims to investigate the effect of protein realimentation and vitamin D3 on osteoblast and osteoclast of malnourished rat pups’ maxilla. In this research, the rat pups were divided into 5 groups: a positive control group (K+), a negative control group (K-), and 3 treatment groups (P1, P2, and P3). The subjects of this research were 10 male and 30 female Wistar rats. A condition of malnutrition was induced in the rat pups and they were given vitamin D3 supplementation with protein realimentation. Rat pups in each group were euthanized on the 22nd day to observe the number of osteoclast and osteoblast in the maxilla. The results showed that the number of osteoblasts between normal and malnourished rats was significantly different (p value < 0.05), but the number of osteoclasts between rats in the control and treatment groups was not significantly different. Administration of vitamin D3 may affect the number of osteoblasts and may not affect the number of osteoclasts on bone. The effective dose of vitamin D3 is 0.36 IU/day.
Retrieval of broken file and retreatment of previously treated mandibular left second molar
Authors: Paramastri Sukma , Fitriningtyas Kurnia , Santosa Pribadi , Mulyawati Ema , Rinastiti Margareta , Kristanti Yulita
Published: April 2024

Broken files in the root canal system which are not removed may interfere with thorough cleaning of the root canals. As a result, they cannot be hermetically obturated. This imperfect cleaning can leave necrotic tissue which can potentially cause failure in root canal treatment. The purpose of this paper is to describe the management of retrieval of broken files and re-treating root canals in previously treated mandibular left second molars. The retrieval of the broken file used conventional techniques combined with a Satelec ultrasonic scaler to remove the files from the root canal. It was operated under an endodontic microscope, and after retreatment of the root canal, the tooth was restored with final restoration of endocrown. Retrieval of fractured files using conventional techniques combined with Satelec ultrasonic scaler and the root canal re-treatment followed by final endocrown restoration could restore all four tooth functions properly.
Uremic stomatitis mimicking oral squamous cell carcinoma associated with local and systemic factor
Authors: Ridho Faiznur , Hasanah Novia Tri , Dewi Tenny Setiani
Published: April 2024

Uremic stomatitis is one of the oral manifestations of chronic kidney disease. This disease is caused due to increased levels of urea in the blood circulation. Patients will complain sore lesions accompanied by a characteristic ammonia breath odor. The clinical manifestation of uremic stomatitis is not only influenced by high levels of urea in the blood but also related to local factors, the oral anatomy and parafunction habits. This study aimed to  present  a case report of clinical features of uremic stomatitis that mimicking oral squamous cell carcinoma. A 51 year old woman was referred from the department of internal medicine to the department of oral medicine at Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung. The patient complained of pain in the tongue and also when swallowing. The clinical manifestation shows an ulcerated lesion on the right lateral of the tongue and a slightly raised hyperkeratotic area on the floor of the mouth. The treatment is using 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate mouthwash three times a day and followed by applying a thin layer of vaseline on the upper and lower lips, as well as instructions and education on maintaining oral and tongue hygiene. Controls were carried out on the second and fourteenth day. The patient complaints are decreasing until disappear. The patient's masticatory function is getting better. Local and systemic factors have effect on the clinical manifestation of uremic stomatitis. A clinician must be able to carry out examinations, establish diagnosis and appropriate management so that patients receive appropriate treatment.
A Study of the Types of Morphemization in Contemporary Chinese
Authors: Feng Bo
Published: April 2024

All living languages change and linguistic change occurs at all levels of linguistic systems. Morphemes, as elements used for coining new words, are often subject to language change. This paper attempts to study morphemization in Chinese, which is a type of morphological change in languages. It is found that syllables in phonetic borrowings and those in lianmian-words in Chinese are the two sources of morphemization in contemporary Chinese. What’s more, Morphemization of syllables in phonetic borrowings mainly happen in the phonetic borrowings from Sanskrit and English.
The Merits of Teaching Basic Courses in Engineering Curriculum
Authors: ATA Atef A.
Published: April 2024

This paper tries to answer the question frequently asked by engineering students, why we are studying basic subjects such as Mathematics, Mechanics and Physics. Engineering students study these basic subjects in addition to some other courses such as computer programming, production, chemistry and some humanity courses during their first year of study as a preparatory year for all engineering disciplines. Students are expecting to study their major subjects in the first year of study when they enroll in faculty of engineering around the world. It is almost impossible to teach advanced subjects such as fluid mechanics, mechanical vibration, automatic control, modeling and simulation and robotics without prior knowledge of the basic courses. The students could not recognize in their first year of study that understanding basic mathematics and mechanics skills help them a lot in getting the knowledge of advanced courses easily and effectively. For example, all automatic control courses need some modelling techniques which the students can gain by studying engineering mechanics and calculus during their first level of study. Basic knowledge of Newton’s second law of motion and basic rules of calculus are very important in achieving satisfactory understanding of the advanced topics in all disciplines. Some of the advanced topics for example robot Jacobian is based on partial derivatives and the equations of motion of a multi-joints robot manipulator are based on Lagrange’s equation. The students cannot understand subjects such as heat transfer and thermal power stations and fluid mechanics without basic knowledge of physics.
Exploring the Impact of Innovative Public Service Delivery System in Bangladesh: A Case Study of District Administration
Authors: Amin Md. Ruhul
Published: April 2024

This study looks into the impact of innovation teams on the public service delivery system at the district and upazila levels in Cumilla and Chandpur districts. The study seeks to explore how these innovation teams help to improve the efficacy, efficiency, and responsiveness of public services, hence improving citizens’ quality of life. Data was collected using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, such as interviews, questionnaires, and case studies, to evaluate the activities and outcomes of innovation teams in both districts. The findings show that innovation teams are critical to driving innovation and issue resolution in the public sector. These teams provide unique solutions customized to the specific demands and challenges of the local setting by encouraging collaboration among multiple stakeholders, including government officials, community members, and specialists from many professions. Furthermore, the construction of localized innovation hubs at the district and Upazila levels allows for the co-design and implementation of innovative projects addressing significant concerns in public service delivery. Capacity-building programs have emerged as a critical aspect in providing members of innovation teams with the skills, knowledge, and tools they need to effectively drive change. Through training programs, workshops, and mentorship opportunities, team members gain competencies in design thinking, data analytics, and project management, allowing them to confidently handle challenging challenges. Furthermore, open resource allocation methods guarantee that innovation teams have the financing, infrastructure, and support systems they need to successfully implement their initiatives. Policymakers in Cumilla and Chandpur districts may leverage the potential of innovation teams to advance sustainable development and improve citizen well-being by investing in grassroots innovation and developing comprehensive monitoring and evaluation frameworks.
Как устроена работа органа по аккредитации?
Authors: Шевелева В.И.
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматривается процесс аккредитации органов по оценке соответствия на примере деятельности органа по аккредитации ААЦ «Аналитика». Все этапы процесса аккредитации рассматриваются разносторонне, что позволяет составить максимально четкое представление о функционировании органа по аккредитации даже тем читателям, которые никогда ранее с ним не сталкивались. Также в статье даются разъяснения по основополагающим вопросам, связанным с функционированием международных организаций по аккредитации и деятельностью по аккредитации как таковой.
Современные подходы к измерениям массовой концентрации 1,1 диметилгидразина в воде хроматографическими методами
Authors: Вехтер Е.П. , Горкина И.К. , Новикова О.Н. , Антонов В.А. , Журкович И.К.
Published: April 2024

Обсуждаются преимущества и недостатки предлагаемых в научной литературе хроматографических подходов к определению 1,1 диметилгидразина (НДМГ) в воде хозяйственно-­питьевого и культурно-­бытового назначения. Сравнительный анализ и выбор оптимальных решений полезен при разработке высокочувствительных методик измерений массовой концентрации НДМГ в водных объектах на уровнях, соответствующих действующим гигиеническим нормативам. Можно считать перспективным использование методов высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии – тандемной масс-спектрометрии с предколоночной дериватизацией аналита. Отмечается недостаточное число официальных методик количественного определения НДМГ в водных образцах, удовлетворяющих необходимым метрологическим требованиям.
Indotyphlops braminus (TYPHLOPIDAE)
Authors: Reyes-Velázquez Erika Adriana , Gómez Benitez Aldo , Hernández-Gallegos Oswaldo
Published: April 2024

Indotyphlops braminus es una especie de serpiente introducida en México. En este trabajo damos a conocer un nuevo registro de esta especie en el municipio de Ixtapan de la Sal, Estado de México, México, en un ambiente urbanizado. En el Estado De México solo se tenía dos registros verificados previos de la especie en los municipios de Tenancingo y Naucalpan.
INTENTO DE CONSUMO DE UN POLLUELO DE PALOMA DE ALAS BLANCAS (Zenaida asiatica) POR UNA IGUANA VERDE (Iguana iguana)
Authors: Carballo Cauich Roger Naim , Cedeño Vázquez José Rogelio
Published: April 2024

La iguana verde (Iguana iguana) habita selvas neotropicales desde el norte de México hacia Centroamérica y noreste de Sudamérica. Se considera principalmente herbívora, sin cambios ontogenéticos en su dieta. Sin embargo, se conoce que ocasionalmente consume materia de origen animal. Aquí reportamos un intento de consumo de un polluelo de la paloma de las blancas (Zenaida asiatica) por I. iguana. Desconocemos si el evento se trató de un intento de depredación o un comportamiento carroñero.
BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT REVEALS SOCIAL AGGREGATIONS IN Petrosaurus thalassinus
Authors: Morales-Méndez Ingrid C. , Orton Makenna M. , Haddock Janey B. , Siles-Cervantes Lorena , Valenzuela-Molina Marcia Y. , Eifler Maria A. , Ruiz Gómez María de Lourdes , Eifler Douglas A.
Published: April 2024

In a brief study on the endemic lizard, Petrosaurus thalassinus, in the Cañon de la Zorra region of Sierra La Laguna Biosphere Reserve in Mexico, over seven days we aimed to gain a preliminary insight into their social structure by examining their behavior, morphology, and habitat use. We captured, marked, and measured 28 adults, and conducted 19.4 hours of focal observations on 47 marked and unmarked adults in the field. Males had longer snout-vent lengths than females, but females had greater mass than males of the same snout-vent length. Lizards exhibited 30 behaviors organized into eight categories. Most notably, while basking on rocks or sharing crevices they aggregated in groups of two to five individuals (< 1m apart) and in frequent visual contact (25/47 observations, 53.2%) while basking on rocks or sharing crevices. Although aggregated lizards showed high levels of mutual tolerance and signaling behavior, they exhibited little to no aggression. Larger lizards used taller rocks and took higher positions on them, but there was no difference between sexes. Furthermore, we observed P. thalassinus in interspecific interactions with Sceloporus hunsakeri and with Ctenosaura hemilopha. Our results indicate that P. thalassinus could have a more complex social system than reported for most lizards, which warrants further investigation.
PRIMER REGISTRO DE ERITRISMO EN Thamnophis scalaris (SQUAMATA: COLUBRIDAE) EN EL ESTADO DE MÉXICO, MÉXICO
Authors: Arzate-Garay Laura Sonia , Quiroz-Adrian Sofia Aimee , Hernández-Sánchez Luis Fernando , Oviedo-Hernández Edgar , Hernández-Gallegos Oswaldo , Flores-Santin Josele Ricardo
Published: April 2024

Se da a conocer el primer registro documentado de coloración anormal (eritrismo) en la culebra de cola larga (Thamnophis scalaris) en San Cayetano Morelos, Toluca, Estado de México en un hábitat perturbado.
THE COMMON GREEN IGUANA, Iguana iguana (LINNAEUS, 1758) AS A FRUIT EATER OF “TAPEREBÁ” (Spondias mombin L.) IN THE EASTERN AMAZONIA
Authors: Costa Anaissi Jéssica Stefany , Gentil Vasconcelos Huann Carllo , Costa de Campos Carlos Eduardo
Published: April 2024

In this anecdotal note we report on Iguana iguana consuming a fruit pulp, taperebá (Spondias mombin L.) in eastern Amazon.
FIRST RECORD OF ALBINISM IN TADPOLES OF Ptychohyla euthysanota (ANURA: HYLIDAE)
Authors: García-Díaz Jimena , Núñez-Robles Daniel , Ariano-Sánchez Daniel
Published: April 2024

We describe the first cases of albinism in tadpoles of the Cloud Forest Stream Frog Ptychohyla euthysanota. On August 11, 2023, three albino P. euthysanota tadpoles were found in conjunction with 11 tadpoles showing the typical phenotype of the species at Reserva Natural “Refugio del Quetzal”, located at the southern foothill of the Atitlán volcano, Municipality of Santa Bárbara, Suchitepéquez, Guatemala.
AMPLEXOS INTERESPECÍFICOS DE MACHOS DE Smilisca cyanosticta (ANURA: HYLIDAE)
Authors: García Vinalay Aristides , Villa Fernández Pedro Misael , Hernández Marmolejo Linda Lili , Zúñiga Sánchez Alejandro Emanuel , Zúñiga Sánchez Alejandro Emanuel , De la Torre Loranca Miguel Angel , Garcia Vazquez Uri Omar
Published: April 2024

Los reportes de amplexos interespecíficos son comunes en especies de reproducción explosiva, sin embargo, los amplexos interespecíficos con individuos muertos son raros. Aquí, reportamos dos casos de amplexos interespecíficos en dos machos de Smilisca cyanosticta, uno con una hembra de Agalychnis moreletii y otro con una hembra muerta de Craugastor decoratus, este tipo de amplexos representan una pérdida de energía para el macho involucrado y evita que se reproduzca.
Evidencias de validez del proceso de admisión a una escuela de medicina en México
Authors: Carrillo-Avalos Blanca Ariadna , Leenen Iwin , Trejo-Mejía Juan Andrés , Sánchez Mendiola Melchor
Published: April 2024

Introducción: Los procesos de admisión a las escuelas de medicina deben demostrar la validez de la interpretación de sus resultados al ser evaluaciones de alto impacto.

Objetivo: Aplicar un modelo que integra los marcos de validez de Messick y Kane para obtener evidencias de validez del proceso de admisión en una escuela de medicina.

Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico en la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí de México, en las generaciones 2013 y 2014. El proceso de admisión incluye examen psicométrico (EP), examen de conocimientos (EC) y EXANI-II. Se realizó en dos pasos: 1) argumento de usos e interpretaciones y 2) argumento de validez, conformado por tres etapas: validez instrumental, verificación de la interpretación y la decisión, utilidad de las acciones. En cada etapa se establecieron hipótesis sobre las inferencias de acuerdo a Kane, para fundamentarse con las fuentes de Messick.

Resultados: Se analizaron resultados de 1,373 aspirantes en 2013; y 1,554 de 2014; así como los 145 alumnos admitidos en cada generación. Se identificó un factor g de inteligencia, que tiene repercusión en los resultados del proceso de admisión. El EC explica el 15% de la varianza de las calificaciones del primer año (2013), el EP y el EXANI-II no tienen influencia en el primer año de la carrera (2013 y 2014). Hay correlación entre algunos subcomponentes que miden un constructo semejante. Existe diferencia en los resultados de Biología (EC) entre hombres y mujeres (2014). El nivel de satisfacción de los alumnos acerca del proceso es bueno.

Discusión y conclusiones: Las fuentes de evidencia de validez proporcionaron información relevante para informar y mejorar el proceso de admisión, se requieren más datos y un equipo interdisciplinario para recabar más tipos de evidencias y de mejor calidad. Se recomienda utilizar marcos de referencia claros en estos procesos y planear la recolección de datos usando dichos marcos.
Percepción de los estudiantes de enfermería sobre los ayudantes de cátedra en prácticas simuladas
Authors: Romero Narváez Lorena Elizabeth , Luis José Luis , Alarcón Figueroa Diego Patricio , Fernández Núñez Cristian David
Published: April 2024

Introducción: La ayudantía de cátedra es una estrategia en educación superior utilizada regularmente en Ecuador. La Universidad Central ha formalizado esta metodología en todas sus carreras. La Carrera de Enfermería usa en algunas asignaturas este método. No existen estudios que describan la percepción sobre el rol de los ayudantes y la simulación.

Objetivo: Determinar la percepción y satisfacción de los estudiantes sobre la participación de ayudantes de cátedra en simulación.

Método: Estudio cuantitativo de tipo observacional, transversal, descriptivo en una muestra de 83 estudiantes de segundo semestre de la Carrera de Enfermería de la Universidad Central del Ecuador mediante una encuesta en Google Forms sobre la satisfacción y percepción de los estudiantes del papel de los ayudantes de cátedra. El análisis se hizo con el programa SPSS versión 24. La investigación fue aprobada por el Comité de Ética de la Universidad Central.

Resultados: La media de edad fue de 20.5 ± 4 años con predominio del sexo femenino (81.9%). Un 95.2% de participantes mencionó la necesidad de implementar ayudantes en todos los semestres y asignaturas. El 84.3% consideró que se debe incrementar el número de horas con este método.

Un 56.6% de satisfacción se relacionó con un adecuado conocimiento de los equipos por parte de los ayudantes. Los beneficios percibidos fueron la mejora del nivel de confianza (28.9%), un mejor trabajo en grupos pequeños (28.9%) y la importancia como aprendizaje individualizado (10.8%).

Conclusiones: Complementar el aprendizaje con un ayudante de cátedra es una experiencia académica positiva que aporta beneficios objetivos a los pares estudiantes.
Efficiency Increasing of Modular Magnetic Commuted Generators of Wind Power Installations
Authors: Shaitor N. M.
Published: April 2024

Modular inductor generators, due to their simplicity of design and high reliability,have good prospects for use in aerodynamic power plants of renewable energy, and can become an alternative to synchronous and asynchronous electrical machines that are currently in use. The purpose of the study is to increase the energy conversion efficiency by solving the problems of establishing cause-and-effect relationships and optimal relationships between magnetic flux, EMF, geometry of electrical and magnetic circuits, structural arrangement of electrical windings, and circuit solutions for automatic electromagnetic excitation systems of new type generators. The current issues of exciting magnetic flux effective application for voltage regulation in power supply system’s receiving power from power plants, whichmain generators contain a distributed magnetic system with concentrated electric windings, are considered. The optimal structural compositions and geometry of the relationships between the electrical and magnetic circuits are determined from the basic design equation of the machine, obtained according to the condition of maximum magnetic flux. The reasons for the induction of variable EMF in the DC excitation windings, preventing the effective magnetization of the machine, have been established. The location of electrical windings which makes it possible to weaken or completely compensate for the pulsations of the magnetic flux coupled to the exciting circuitsis proposed. It has been established that in order to eliminate parasitic EMF in the exciting windings, it is necessary to use double-circuit schemes for alternating switching of the magnetic flux in the circuits, with windingsections of the exciting circuits being connected in series. To stabilize the EMF, it is recommended to use an ARV system based on the deviation of the instantaneous value from the reference voltage, using a high-frequency exciting generator.
Adjustable backstepping fuzzy controller for a 7 DOF anthropomorphic manipulator
Authors: Abdellatif E. M. , Hamouda A. M. , Al Akkad M. A.
Published: April 2024

Various control methods for controlling robotic manipulators have emerged as a promising direction in the field of robotic control over the past decade. Researchers are exploring a diverse range of classical and modern techniques to address the challenging issue of time variant nonlinearities and uncertainties in manipulator dynamics. In this paper, we review and discuss several classical control methods for robotic manipulators such as model-free method,pure inverse dynamic method, andfuzzy logic-based method, to apply on a 7-degrees-of-freedom anthropomorphic manipulator. We compare and contrast the performance of these methods with oursuggested method of optimization through a series of simulation tests. An adjustable backstepping fuzzy controller is suggested, which introduces new variables into the system, where a nonlinear fuzzy filter creates a dynamic nonlinear estimator that is more robust to uncertainties, nonlinearities, and external disturbances than pure feedback linearization controllers, and decreases trial and error which makes the tuning process easier.In the suggested control law Gaussian membership functions were used instead of triangular ones.Our results demonstrate that the proposed error-based backstepping fuzzy controller can achieve high accuracy and speed, even in the presence of significant disturbances. This makes it a promising candidate for use in robotic applications where high performance is required, such as the tasks of grasping objects which is based on pattern recognition.