bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genealogy and clinical course of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia caused by the ryanodine receptor type 2 P2328S mutation
Authors: Koponen Mikael , Marjamaa Annukka , Tuiskula Annukka M. , Viitasalo Matti , Nallinmaa-Luoto Terhi , Leinonen Jaakko T. , Widen Elisabeth , Toivonen Lauri , Kontula Kimmo , Swan Heikki
Published: December 2020

Background

Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a severe inherited arrhythmic disease associated with a risk of syncope and sudden cardiac death (SCD).

Aims

We aimed at identifying RYR2 P2328S founder mutation carriers and describing the clinical course associated with the mutation.

Methods

The study population was drawn from the Finnish Inherited Cardiac Disorder Research Registry, and from the present genealogical study. Kaplan-Meier graphs, log-rank test and Cox regression model were used to evaluate the clinical course.

Results

Genealogical study revealed a common ancestor couple living in the late 17th century. A total of 1837 living descendants were tested for RYR2 P2328S mutation unveiling 62 mutation carriers aged mean 39±23 years old. No arrhythmic deaths were documented among genotyped subjects, but 11 SCDs were detected in non-genotyped family members since 1970. Three genotyped patients (5%) suffered an aborted cardiac arrest (ACA), and 15 (25%) had a syncope triggered by exercise or stress. Rate of cardiac events was higher among patients who in exercise stress test showed a maximum rate of premature ventricular contractions >30/min (68% vs 17%, p<0.01; hazard ratio = 7.1, p = 0.02), in comparison to patients without the respective finding. A cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) was implanted to 13 (22%) patients, with an appropriate ICD shock in four (31%) subjects. All ICD shocks, one ACA, and one syncope occurred during β-blocker medication.

Conclusions

Previously undiagnosed CPVT patients may be identified by well-conducted genealogical studies. The RYR2 P2328S mutation causes a potentially severe phenotype, but its expression is variable, thus calling for additional studies on modifying factors.
Predictive utility of prior positive urine culture of extended- spectrum β -lactamase producing strains
Authors: Almomani Basima A. , Khasawneh Rawand A. , Saqan Rola , Alnajjar Munther S. , Al-Natour Lara
Published: December 2020

Rising incidence of extended- spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) induced urinary tract infections (UTIs) is an increasing concern worldwide. Thus, it is of paramount importance to investigate novel approaches that can facilitate the identification and guide empiric antibiotic therapy in such episodes. The study aimed to evaluate the usability of antecedent ESBL-positive urine culture to predict the pathogenic identity of future ones. Moreover, the study evaluated the accuracy of selected empiric therapy in index episodes. This was a retrospective study that included 693 cases with paired UTI episodes, linked to two separate hospital admissions within 12 month-period, and a conditional previous ESBL positive episode. Pertinent information was obtained by reviewing patients’ medical records and computerized laboratory results. Multivariate analysis showed that shorter interval between index and previous episodes was significantly associated with increased chance of ESBL-positive results in current culture (OR = 0.912, 95CI% = 0.863–0.963, p = 0.001). Additionally, cases with ESBL-positive results in current culture were more likely to have underlying urological/surgical condition (OR = 1.416, 95CI% = 1.018–1.969, p = 0.039). Investigations of the accuracy of current empirical therapy revealed that male patients were less accurately treated compared to female patients (OR = 0.528, 95CI% = 0.289–0.963, p = 0.037). Furthermore, surgical patients were treated less accurately compared to those treated in internal ward (OR = 0.451, 95CI% = 0.234–0.870, p = 0.018). Selecting an agent concordant with previous microbiologic data significantly increased the accuracy of ESBL-UTIs therapy (p<0.001). A quick survey of the previous ESBL urine culture results can guide practitioners in the selection of empiric therapy for the pending current culture and thus improve treatment accuracy.
Effect of acute kidney injury on the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing transarterial chemoembolization
Authors: Sohn Won , Ham Cheol Bae , Kim Nam Hee , Kim Hong Joo , Cho Yong Kyun , Jeon Woo Kyu , Kim Byung Ik
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of acute kidney injury (AKI) on the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). A total of 347 HCC patients with Child-Pugh class A and pre-TACE serum creatinine (SCr) ≤1.5 mg/dL undergoing TACE as an initial therapy 2000–2014 were analyzed. Overall survival with related risk factors including AKI was investigated. We assessed AKI based on the International Club of Ascites (ICA)-AKI criteria. The mean age was 60.9 years. Of 347 patients, death was observed in 109 patients (31.4%). The mean SCr levels at pre-TACE, one day, two months, and four months after TACE were 0.9, 0.9, 0.9, and 1.1 mg/dL, respectively. The AKI within four months after TACE developed in 37 patients (11%). The AKI stages were non-AKI in 310 (89%), stage 1 in 10 (3%), stage 2 in 10 (3%), and stage 3 in 17 patients (5%). Multivariable analysis showed that the risk factors for overall survival were serum albumin ≤3.5 g/dL (hazard ratio [HR] 1.58, p = 0.027), BCLC stage B (HR 2.07, p = 0.008), BCLC stage C (HR 3.96, p<0.001), bilobar tumor location (HR 1.66, p = 0.022), AKI stage 1 (HR 6.09, p<0.001), AKI stage 2 (HR 8.51, p<0.001), and AKI stage 3 (HR 17.64, p<0.001). AKI is a crucial prognostic factor for overall survival in HCC patients undergoing TACE. The assessment of AKI based on the ICA-AKI criteria can facilitate evaluation of the prognosis of HCC patients undergoing TACE.
Sulfonylureas may be useful for glycemic management in patients with diabetes and liver cirrhosis
Authors: Yen Fu-Shun , Lai Jung-Nien , Wei James Cheng-Chung , Chiu Lu-Ting , Hwu Chii-Min , Hou Ming-Chih , Hsu Chih-Cheng
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to investigate the long-term outcomes of sulfonylurea (SU) use in patients with T2DM and compensated liver cirrhosis. From January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2012, we selected the data of 3781 propensity-score-matched SU users and nonusers from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. The mean follow-up time for this study was 5.74 years. Cox proportional hazards models with robust sandwich standard error estimates were used to compare the risks of main outcomes between SU users and nonusers. The incidence of mortality during follow-up was 3.24 and 4.09 per 100 person-years for SU users and nonusers, respectively. The adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for all-cause mortality, major cardiovascular events, and decompensated cirrhosis in SU users relative to SU nonusers were 0.79 (0.71–0.88), 0.69 (0.61–0.80), and 0.82 (0.66–1.03), respectively. The SU-associated lower risks of death and cardiovascular events seemed to have a dose–response trend. This population-based cohort study demonstrated that SU use was associated with lower risks of death and major cardiovascular events compared with SU non-use in patients with T2DM and compensated liver cirrhosis. SUs may be useful for glycemic management for patients with liver cirrhosis.
Acid-base variables in acute and chronic form of nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in growing goats experimentally inoculated with Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis or Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis
Authors: Bassis Stefanie , Fischer Sina , Köhler Heike , Reinhold Petra
Published: December 2020

In current literature, data assessing the acid-base equilibrium in animals and humans during bacterial infection are rare. This study aimed to evaluate acid-base deteriorations in growing goats with experimentally induced NTM (nontuberculous mycobacteria) infections by application of the traditional Henderson-Hasselbalch approach and the strong ion model. NTM-challenged animals were orally inoculated with eitherMycobacterium aviumsubsp.hominissuis(MAH; n = 18) orMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosis(MAP; n = 48). Twenty-five goats served as non-infected controls. Until 51stweek post-inoculation (wpi), blood gas analysis, serum biochemical analysis, and serum electrophoresis were performed on venous blood. Fifty percent (9/18) of goats inoculated with MAH developed acute clinical signs like apathy, fever, and diarrhea. Those animals died or had to be euthanized within 11 weeks post-inoculation. This acute form of NTM-infection was characterized by significantly lower concentrations of sodium, calcium, albumin, and total protein, as well as significantly higher concentrations of gamma globulin, associated with reduced albumin/globulin ratio. Acid-base status indicated alkalosis, but normal base excess and HCO3-concentrations, besides significantly reduced levels of SID (strong ion difference), Atot Alb(total plasma concentration of weak non-volatile acids, based on albumin), Atot TP(Atotbased on total protein) and markedly lower SIG (strong ion gap). The remaining fifty percent (9/18) of MAH-infected goats and all goats challenged with MAP survived and presented a more sub-clinical, chronic form of infection mainly characterized by changes in serum protein profiles. With the progression of the disease, concentrations of gamma globulin, and total protein increased while albumin remained lower compared to controls. Consequently, significantly reduced albumin/globulin ratio and lower Atot Albas well as higher Atot TPwere observed. Changes were fully compensated with no effect on blood pH. Only the strong ion variables differentiated alterations in acid-base equilibrium during acute and chronic NTM-infection.
Scouting for scripts: Mizuki Yōko and social issue film in post-war Japan
Authors: Kitsnik Lauri
Published: December 2020

During the heyday of the studio system in Japan in the 1950s, Mizuki Yōko (1910–2003) was one of Japan’s most prominent and celebrated screenwriters. Despite screenwriting being a markedly homosocial profession, Mizuki forged a remarkable career as a freelance writer, working both for major studios and independent productions. Her collaboration with directors such as Naruse Mikio and, above all, Imai Tadashi resulted in a string of critically acclaimed films. While Imai’s films were lauded by contemporary critics, his approach to directing has subsequently been regarded, especially by western scholars, as somewhat impersonal and his sympathies too leftist. Conversely, these social issue (shakaiha) films, often based on original screenplays by Mizuki, scrupulously displayed the anxieties and ambiguities of the post-war era when the social fabric of Japan was radically reconfigured as its people embraced the newly imported values of democracy and consumerism. In this article, I examine the contributions of Mizuki to the oft-neglected oeuvre of Imai and social issue film in particular. I argue that besides pointing at the capacity and bounds of narrative cinema to engage with timely and sensitive social topics, Mizuki’s working methods underline a screenwriter’s awareness of her own agency in filmmaking.
Who is the author of Neria (1992) – and is it a Zimbabwean masterpiece or a neo-colonial enterprise?
Authors: Piotrowska Agnieszka
Published: December 2020

This article focuses on the Zimbabwean film Neria (1992), arguably one of the most important films in the history of sub-Saharan Africa. Directed by the Black Zimbabwean Godwin Mawuru, it was the first feminist film in Zimbabwe and in the region, highlighting the plight of women who become the property of their brothers-in-law after their husbands die. The article addresses the issues of the origins of the story and the authorship of the screenplay. On the final reel of the film, the story credit names the accomplished Zimbabwean female novelist, Tsitsi Dangarembga; while the screenplay credit names Louise Riber. Riber served as the film’s White American editor and co-producer who, with her husband John Riber, managed the Media for Development Fund in Zimbabwe. The key question of this article is simple: who wrote the screenplay for Neria? Through the physical and metaphorical journey of this research, we discover that the story is based on the personal experiences of Anna Mawuru, the director’s mother. This is the first time that this fact has surfaced. As such, this article also offers some reflections on issues of adaption/translation, particularly in the context of postcolonial collaborations.
How the scripts of Latin American screenwriters Lucrecia Martel (Argentina), Anna Muylaert (Brazil) and Claudia Llosa (Peru) have made a mark on the world stage
Authors: McVeigh Margaret , Miranda Clarissa Mazon
Published: December 2020

The films of Latin American female screenwriters, Lucrecia Martel (Argentina), Anna Muylaert (Brazil) and Claudia Llosa (Peru), have achieved international prominence in recent years. In this article we create new insights into the ways in which these screenwriters have developed scripts for films that have made a mark on the world stage. To this end we will investigate how this acclaim has been enabled by their screenwriting decisions which focus on the creation of women-centred films, as well as their use of the family story as a means of exploring contemporary social and political themes, to tell universal stories that highlight the global in the local. In doing so we canvas the personal, industrial and social factors which have impacted Martel, Muylaert and Llosa’s screenwriting careers which have been instrumental in the script development of the films: La Ciénaga (The Swamp) (Martel 2001); Que Horas Ela Volta? (The Second Mother) (); and La Teta Asustada (The Milk of Sorrow) (). The research for this article is based on personal and media interviews with the writers, as well as contemporary information available only in Spanish and Portuguese, as translated from the original Spanish and Portuguese by Clarissa Miranda.
Battle of the sketches: Short form and feminism in the comedy mode
Authors: Taylor Stayci
Published: December 2020

The screenwriting of sketch comedy and, in particular, how female writers of sketch comedy engage with this form to illuminate female experience, are topics not yet widely theorized. This article reviews the scholarship, in order to bring together histories, definitions and distribution of sketch comedy from which to investigate how this form of comedy screenwriting can contribute to feminisms that ‘engage openly and playfully with humor and irony as weapons of choice’ (Willet et al. 2012). Drawing on anecdotal accounts and available archives from A Black Lady Sketch Show (2019–present), French and Saunders (1987–present), Inside Amy Schumer (2013–present), Wood & Walters (1981–82) and others, this article considers these against the theories of writing sketch comedy to draw some conclusions on how this short form, combined with its most popular form of distribution, can accommodate multiple perspectives and serve their audiences. This article offers itself as a starting point in identifying the unique challenges and strategies for women writing sketch comedy, and the possibilities offered by the form more broadly, while highlighting the need for further empirical exploration of the creative practice of female sketch comedy writers, and further critical attention to short form comedy screenwriting.
Anita Loos Rediscovered: Film Treatments and Fiction, Cari Beauchamp and Mary Anita Loos (eds) (2003)
Authors: Winkler Cierra
Published: December 2020

Review of: Anita Loos Rediscovered: Film Treatments and Fiction, Cari Beauchamp and Mary Anita Loos (eds) (2003)

Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press, 322 pp.,

ISBN 978-05-20228-94-8, h/bk, $32.65
Modern Film Dramaturgy: An Introduction, Kristen Stutterheim (2019)
Authors: Wickwire Andrew
Published: December 2020

Review of: Modern Film Dramaturgy: An Introduction, Kristen Stutterheim (2019)

Berlin: Peter Lang GmbH, 211 pp.,

ISBN 978-3-631-79650-4, p/bk, $50.95

E-ISBN 978-3-631-79874-4, E-PDF, $50.95

E-ISBN 978-3-631-79875-1, EPUB, $50.95

E-ISBN 978-3-631-79876-8, MOBI, $50.95
Breve revisión de los procesos de resistencia contra la colonización en el Cuerno de África. Las luchas en la Somalia italiana y el Movimiento Derviche (1890-1930)
Authors: Arconada Ledesma Pablo
Published: December 2020

Este artículo tiene la intención de revisar las resistencias contra el proceso de colonización que se desarrollaron en el Cuerno de África en el período 1890-1930. Específicamente, se analizarán las luchas impulsadas por los pueblos somalíes en las diferentes regiones ocupadas. El objetivo no es otro que repensar la imagen de los somalíes como «pueblos pasivos» que «se dejaron conquistar» y analizar los acontecimientos con otra perspectiva radicalmente diferente. Además, si tradicionalmente se ha considerado que la única resistencia digna de ser considerada fue el Movimiento Derviche, en este estudio se ha procedido a analizar también el papel de otros movimientos de resistencia que se sucedieron en el sur de Somalia y en los sultanatos de Obbia y Midyurtina, así como el caso específico de las Revueltas Gosha. Para realizar este estudio se ha procedido a una revisión bibliográfica y se han utilizado fuentes primarias y secundarias como documentación oficial, tratados y diarios, así como boletines informativos de la época y la hemeroteca.
Ciencia, patria y honor: los médicos e ingenieros y la masculinidad romántica en España (1820-1860)
Authors: Martykánová Darina , Núñez-García Víctor M.
Published: December 2020

A mediados del siglo XIX, los médicos e ingenieros españoles se apoyaron en la dimensión pública de su actividad profesional para encarnar la nueva masculinidad liberal. Las vías principales para hacerse reconocer como parte de las élites liberales eran dos. Primero, la vinculación con las instituciones del Estado en plena construcción. Segundo, el argumento de que su conocimiento y saber-hacer expertos contribuían al progreso de la civilización y al bien común. Explorando el vínculo entre la utilidad y las ciencias, que había quedado establecido ya en el discurso de la Ilustración, estos hombres argumentaron que su profesión les hacía particularmente útiles para la patria, tanto a la hora de fomentar las riquezas del país y la felicidad de sus habitantes, como a la hora de contribuir a afianzar la posición de España entre las «naciones de la Europa culta». ¿Qué papel desempeñó el género en este proceso? ¿Hubo rasgos específicos de las profesiones científicas que las significaron como masculinas? ¿Cómo interactuó el factor de clase con las dinámicas de género? Nuestras investigaciones apuntan hacia la necesidad de repensar radicalmente las visiones estándar de la masculinidad moderna, a menudo reducidas a un modelo estable y estático que opone la razón masculina con la emoción, siempre femenina. Las pasiones y los sentimientos, no exentos de contradicción, aparecen como elementos fundamentales a la hora de ejercer la profesión, pero también a la hora de construirse los médicos e ingenieros como hombres de ciencia dentro de la comunidad nacional. No es solo la contención de las pasiones mediante la razón lo que caracterizó la forma de la que estos hombres construyeron y experimentaron su masculinidad, sino el hecho de tener estas pasiones y usarlas de forma adecuada, provechosa para su patria y para la Humanidad.
Emociones viriles y la experiencia de la nación imperial en las Guerras del Rif (1909-1927)
Authors: Torres Delgado Gemma
Published: December 2020

Este artículo considera el proyecto del colonialismo español en Marruecos como fundamental en la construcción nacional de España entre finales del XIX y las primeras décadas del XX. Propone una aproximación al estudio de la nación desde abajo, que estudia la experiencia de los individuos y su vivencia de la nación, lejos de un análisis centrado solo en el Estado o las elites. Para ello, utiliza las herramientas de la historia de las emociones. Desde esta perspectiva y a través de la noción de comunidad emocional, analiza cómo vivían la nación imperial en el contexto africano diferentes sectores sociales e ideológicos que constituían comunidades emocionales distintas-dominantes o marginales. Quiere mostrar que esta vivencia emocional de la nación estaba profundamente marcada por el género y concretamente por las emociones ligadas a la masculinidad.
Network capital dependent path-dependency
Authors: Sík Endre
Published: December 2020

Path dependency is created and maintained by three intertwined influences of network capital, i.e. the inertia of the networks, the culture defining the proper use of network capital, and the way such a network capital fits into the local and global institutional setting. Following a brief introduction of the terms network capital and path dependency, I develop an extremely simplifying dual typology, to differentiate between network-sensitive and network-insensitive societies. These two extremes of a continuum characterize societies in which either the everyday life is under the total domination of network capital or where networks are auxiliary resources to be used in rare and special situations. I will show how both communism and post-communism have been a fertile institutional setting for the emergence of network-sensitivity and how does network capital under such conditions become so powerful that it shapes other institutions to its needs. In the last section I shall argue that the mechanisms I described in a network-sensitive institutional setting are present in a network-insensitive one as well and that there are signs that globalization increases the level of network-sensitivity all over the world.
Income distribution in new (and old) EU member states
Authors: Tóth István György , Medgyesi Márton
Published: December 2020

The paper, based on recent EU-SILC data, investigates the patterns of income inequalities in “old” and “new” EU member states. We describe income inequality within countries as well as income differences between states and test our results using different methodological assumptions. Our results show that the group of new member states was no less heterogeneous in terms of inequality and poverty than the EU15 at the time of EU enlargement. The most important difference between the two country groups is found in their GDP levels and in some measures that are directly related to economic development. We observed that sensitivity to changes in the equivalence scales is not systematically related to membership status; thus for overall inequality comparisons of countries, a standard scale seems appropriate. The possibility of a difference between “old” and “new” EU member states in the role of incomes in generating overall welfare of households calls, however, for caution in interpretation.
Productive Ambiguity
Authors: Németh Krisztina
Published: December 2020

David Stark’s new book, The Sense of Dissonance (2009), takes as its task tackling of the seemingly perplexing question of how certain organizations can benefit from confusing, ambiguous situations; how they can capitalize on ambiguity through transforming dissonance into a special kind of asset (asset ambiguity). Organizations based on a multiplicity of values (diversity) produce dissonance; that is, a permanent ambiguity in the fields of (e)valuation, judgments and performance criteria. Despite all difficulties and misunderstandings, economically speaking, ambiguity seems to be highly productive: the organization of dissonance plays a crucial role in developing profitable working methods and ensuring survival on the market.
The Catastrophe to Come: Prefiguring Hurricane Katrina’s Public Memory through the Anxious Melancholic Rhetoric of “the Big One”
Authors: Grossman Jeremy R.
Published: December 2020

The city of New Orleans has long narrated its own demise through reference to “the Big One,” a singular hurricane that would destroy the city for good. The “catastrophe to come” is a more or less permanent spectral presence for many of its residents, evidence of which can be traced as far back as the city’s founding in 1718. When it comes to memorialization of Katrina, the central question of this essay is: how does one analyze public memory of an event so thoroughly anticipated, indeed, whose historical anticipation is fundamental to the later memory of it? Rather than merely acting as the historical context within which public memory comes to be interpreted, this anticipation and the anxiety that marks its form figures directly into the reading of the later memory object itself. In this essay, I argue that the repeated narrativization of the Big One is an anxious rhetoric that prefigures post-Katrina memory objects through a process of melancholic rhetorical incorporation. I first engage the history of New Orleans and this anxiety, extrapolating my usage of anxiety and melancholy as rhetorical concepts along the way. Then, I tender a critical analysis that first reads two narratives of such destruction to describe memory’s prefiguration and then turns symmetrically to two post-Katrina memory objects to demonstrate the work of incorporation in the production of memory objects.
Reagan and Israel: Heroic Democracy in the Holy Land
Authors: Fowler Randall
Published: December 2020

While scholars have studied Ronald Reagan’s relationship with Israel from a diplomatic, strategic, or political lobbying perspective, few have examined this relationship rhetorically. I argue that despite Reagan’s private disagreements with Israel, his public rhetoric consistently depicted Israel within the mythic terms of the Cold War as a heroic democracy like the United States. Drawing on discourses of American exceptionalism, terrorism, and Holocaust remembrance, Reagan’s rhetoric constrained his diplomatic ability to deal with Israeli aggression and continues to shape American presidential discourse.
Régimen jurídico de la restitución de bienes culturales de titularidad eclesiástica
Authors: Roca Fernández María José
Published: December 2020

El trabajo plantea la relación entre los ordenamientos jurídicos (confesional, español y europeo) cuando se trata de recuperar o restituir un bien mueble eclesiástico que ha salido del territorio español sin la licencia de exportación. Después de exponer el régimen del derecho canónico relativo a la propiedad dominical, se expone el modo de proceder para recuperar un bien que se encuentre en un Estado de la UE, aplicando la Ley 1/2017, de transposición de la directiva 2014/60/UE, así como la posibilidad de recuperarlo si se encentra en un Estado no europeo ni miembro de UNIDROIT (p. ej.: Estado Vaticano).
Análisis de la situación canónica que comportan las penas «latae sententiae» no declaradas
Authors: Sánchez-Girón Renedo José Luis
Published: December 2020

Una pena latae sententiae produce algunos efectos incluso antes de que la autoridad de la Iglesia se haya pronunciado sobre el presunto delito para el que esté establecida, de modo que la sujeción a los mismos descansa esencialmente sobre la voluntad del presunto autor. Con ello se materializa aquí un valor genuino del derecho canónico: su pretensión de obligar en conciencia. Por otro lado, diversas disposiciones del CIC contemplan una variedad de circunstancias en las cuales es lícito no someterse a esos efectos. Esto puede generar situaciones complejas para la comunidad eclesial y hacer pensar si en la práctica vale la pena mantener este tipo de penas.
«Misericordia quiero, y no sacrificios» (Os 6,6)
Authors: Ferrer Usó Valeska
Published: December 2020

Nos planteamos la posibilidad de la reconciliación en el supuesto de abuso a menores por parte de clérigos a través del proceso judicial penal. Lo hacemos teniendo en cuenta consideraciones tanto canónicas como espirituales y pastorales, siendo conscientes de la influencia sociocultural. Buscamos posibles cauces para el ejercicio de la justicia restaurativa en los tres «sujetos» que contemplamos: víctima, abusador e institución. Concluimos con la presentación de una propuesta en este camino hacia la justicia.
Aprender Seguros: Escuelas que Cuidan
Authors: Halty Amaia , Pitillas Carlos , Berástegui Ana
Published: December 2020

La seguridad es clave para que el aprendizaje pueda llegar a darse y, en los primeros años de vida, esta viene dada por quienes nos acompañan y nos cuidan, por nuestras figuras de referencia. El programa Aprender Seguros: Escuelas que Cuidan forma a los profesionales del ámbito escolar para asegurar una transmisión descendente de los cuidados donde los docentes puedan ofrecer seguridad a los alumnos y sus familias y, a su vez, puedan recibir seguridad de quienes los coordinan o dirigen.
Proyecto Cygnus
Authors: Halty Lucía
Published: December 2020

Los problemas de conducta representan uno de los motivos principales de consulta por parte de los padres. Los niños pueden expresar su malestar de forma externalizante o internalizante y los agentes de socialización del niño tienen que ser capaces de identificar los diferentes perfiles para actuar en consecuencia. El Proyecto Cygnus surge para dotar a los diversos profesionales (escuela, agentes sociales, sistema de salud) de herramientas de la evaluación y prevención de problemas de conducta entre 2 y 12 años.
Albert Bandura
Authors: Rodríguez-Rey Rocío , Cantero-García María
Published: December 2020

En este artículo resumimos las principales contribuciones del psicólogo canadiense Albert Bandura, el más reconocido de todos los psicólogos vivos. Destacamos, dentro de su teoría cognitivo social del aprendizaje, dos fenómenos por sus múltiples implicaciones educativas: el aprendizaje vicario o por modelos y la autoeficacia.
Water Footprint: Two Different Methodologies
Authors: Ansorge Libor
Published: December 2020

The article is a response on the article Implementation of the shortage method to determine the water footprint in the coastal area of San Blas, México in Volume 23 Number 62. The article describes three types of water footprint methodologies: a) by volume, b) by impacts and c) by scarcity. In reality, described “scarcity water footprint” is a special type of impact water footprint. Currently exist two different water footprint methodologies and mentioned article does not distinguish between these two methodologies. It leads to misleading information in the article.
Analysis of the impact of the construction sector on Colombian economy
Authors: Sarmiento-Rojas Jorge-Andrés , Gonzalez-Sanabria Juan Sebastian , Hernández Carrillo Carlos Gabriel
Published: December 2020

Objective: Construction is one of the fastest growing and most important economic sectors worldwide, mainly due to its impact on job creation, trade in materials and the creation of essential infrastructure for social development. However, the behavior of the global market has recently been immersed in an environment of economic and political uncertainty, causing trade and industrial production to show signs of vulnerability. Despite the unfortunate ones established in the global economy, there will be moderate growth in rankings of developing countries like Colombia in different sectors.
Methodology: Consequently, this research focused on analyzing the construction sector starting from its historical impact on Colombian economic development and its relationship with external phenomena, to the evaluation of macroeconomic indicators, supply and demand for capital goods, infrastructure and job creation through the formulation of projects in this sector, which are differential for having a public investment effect in the construction of houses and civil works.
Results and conclusions: Likewise, deduce a weak recovery in the general market in relation to the factors surrounding the construction sector, evaluate and focus trends and the impact on the formulation of construction projects in the Colombian economy.
Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Composites Manufactured from Recycled Tetra Pak® Containers
Authors: Macías Gallego Sebastián , Guzmán Aponte Álvaro , Buitrago Sierra Robison , Santa Marín Juan Felipe
Published: December 2020

Context: Tetra Pak® is a common material used for the production of food containers. Currently, those containers are recycled by physical separation of the cellulose fibers through a hydro pulped process, but sometimes separating the individual components is not economically viable. This work evaluates an al­ternative process to obtain composites from recycled Tetra Pak®.

Methodology: Tetra Pak® used containers were co­llected and cut into small pieces at the laboratory. Then, the containers were hot-pressed to obtain sheets in a manual hydraulic press by using different confi­gurations. Samples were cut, and their tensile stren­gth was evaluated (ASTM D3039). Failure analysis of samples was carried out by FE-SEM to identify issues related to processing and to understand the differen­ces in mechanical properties.

Results: The results showed that the lowest tensile strength was 9.5 MPa (type I sample) and the highest tensile strength was 37.4 MPa (type III sample).

Conclusions: The results of mechanical tests show that this material can be used for non-structural purposes in the building industry. Failure analysis shows that fiber pull-out and delamination are the most impor­tant failure mechanisms in type I samples. For type III sample, failure was produced by a sequence of intralaminar fractures
Literature review on steel fibre, silica fume and fly ash: improving methods for recycled and multiple recycled aggregate concretes
Authors: Shmlls Maysam , Bozsaky Dávid , Horváth Tamás
Published: December 2020

If all concrete is to be recycled in a future scenario, recycled concrete will be needed. Usually concrete recycling causes loss of properties, but this does not have to be truth for all the mixtures. This paper shows a comprehensive knowledge about the improving methods used to keep the properties of the recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). In the reviewed literature several kinds of RAC were tested with various replacement ratios. The effect of adding steel fibres, silica fume or fly ash to the mixture were also examined both separately and together. Most of the experiments demonstrated excellent mechanical properties of the RAC compared with ordinary concretes. Based on these results the ideal RAC composition can be deduced and a future can be imagined when concrete can be recycled multiple times (MRAC).
Avaliação do envelhecimento natural e de tratamentos superficiais ecológicos em rebocos de terra
Authors: Santos Tânia , Gomes Ricardo , Faria Paulina
Published: December 2020

Em conservação, os rebocos de terra podem ser utilizados como camadas de sacrifício. No entanto, a terra é vulnerável quando em contacto com a água. A aplicação de tratamentos superficiais ecológicos em rebocos de terra pode aumentar a sua durabilidade, ecoeficiência e gama de aplicações. Neste artigo avaliou-se o comportamento de um reboco de argamassa pré-doseada de terra aplicado in situ sobre muretes experimentais de alvenarias de adobe e de blocos de betão (em exposição exterior com proteção), e em condições controladas de laboratório, sobre tijolo furado, após um período de quatro anos de envelhecimento. Foram aplicados diversos tratamentos superficiais sobre os rebocos: óleo de linhaça, mucilagem de aloé vera e água da cozedura de massa e de arroz. Os rebocos foram caracterizados de forma não destrutiva. O tratamento superficial com óleo de linhaça apresenta bons resultados e melhora a durabilidade do reboco, conferindo-lhe adequada protecção contra a degradação natural.
Comparison analysis of Euclidean and Gower distance measures on k-medoids cluster
Authors: Aditya Agil , Sari Betha Nurina , Padilah Tesa Nur
Published: December 2020

K-medoids clustering uses distance measurement to find and classify data that have similarities and inequalities. The distance measurement method selection can affect the clustering performance for a dataset. Several studies use the Euclidean and Gower distance as measurement methods in numerical data clustering. This study aims to compare the performance of the k-medoids clustering on a numerical dataset using the Euclidean and Gower distance. This study used seven numerical datasets and Silhouette, Dunn, and Connectivity indexes in the clustering evaluation. The Euclidean distance is superior in two values of Silhouette and Connectivity indexes so that Euclidean has a good data grouping structure, while the Gower is superior in Dunn index showing that the Gower has better cluster separation compared to Euclidean. This study shows that the Euclidean distance is superior to the Gower in applying the k-medoids algorithm with a numeric dataset.
The concentration-compactness principles for W
s,p(·,·)(ℝ
N
) and application
Authors: Ho Ky , Kim Yun-Ho
Published: December 2020

We obtain a critical imbedding and then, concentration-compactness principles for fractional Sobolev spaces with variable exponents. As an application of these results, we obtain the existence of many solutions for a class of critical nonlocal problems with variable exponents, which is even new for constant exponent case.
Diamond diffractive optics—recent progress and perspectives
Authors: Kiss Marcell , Mi Sichen , Huszka Gergely , Quack Niels
Published: December 2020

Diamond is an exceptional material that has recently seen a remarkable increase in interest in academic research and engineering since high-quality substrates became commercially available and affordable. Exploiting the high refractive index, hardness, laser-induced damage threshold, thermal conductivity and chemical resistance, an abundance of applications incorporating ever higher-performance diamond devices has seen steady growth. Among these, diffractive optical elements stand out—with progress in fabrication technologies, micro- and nanofabrication techniques have enabled the creation of gratings and diffractive optical elements with outstanding properties. Research activities in this field have further been spurred by the unique property of diamond to be able to host optically active atom scale defects in the crystal lattice. Such color centers allow generation and manipulation of individual photons, which has contributed to accelerated developments in engineering of novel quantum applications in diamond, with diffractive optical elements amidst critical components for larger-scale systems. This review collects recent examples of diffractive optical devices in diamond, and highlights the advances in manufacturing of such devices using micro- and nanofabrication techniques, in contrast to more traditional methods, and avenues to explore diamond diffractive optical elements for emerging and future applications are put in perspective.
Simulation assessment of the half-power bandwidth method in testing shock absorbers
Authors: Lozia Zbigniew , Zdanowicz Piotr
Published: December 2020

The work deals with usability of the half-power bandwidth method in the diagnostic testing of automotive shock absorbers. In all the simulation tests, the front and rear suspension system of a present-day medium-classmotor car was considered. At the first stage, calculations were made in the frequency domain for a linear “quarter-car” model with two degrees of freedom; then, simulations were carried out in the time domain with using a similar but strongly nonlinear model. In the latter case, actual characteristics (corresponding to those obtained from test rig measurements) of shock absorber damping, suspension and tire elasticity, sliding friction in the suspension, and “wheel hop” were considered. The calculations were carried out every time for twelve levels of viscous damping in the suspension system, which made 48 calculation series in total. The factors of gain in the vertical force between the tester’s vibration plate and the vehicle tire (relative to the input force applied) and the dimensionless coefficients of viscous damping in the suspension system, determined by the half-power bandwidth method, were thoroughly analyzed. The calculation results were presented in graphical form. Attention was also paid to the distortions caused by the force of inertia of the tester’s vibration plate.
Field measurement of contact forces on rollers for a large diameter pipe conveyor
Authors: Bombasaro E. , Oddera R.
Published: December 2020

An intensive field measurement was carried out to assess the force acting on the rollers for a large diameter pipe conveyor. A special idler enclosing two dynamometers was designed and installed in the various roller positions. The forces on the rollers were metered while the conveyor was running with and without conveying material. The position of the two dynamometers was such allowing to derive the theoretical contact point of the belt onto the roller. The measurements were carried out in a straight section of the pipe conveyor and in the centre part of a horizontal curve. Obtained data are presented, analysed, and compared with the values from a six-point stiffness testing device. Further, the participation factor of the material load on the roller forces for a single roller is derived. The study concludes with a critical review of the findings comparing them with results presented in the literature.
Predictive analysis of the impact of the time of day on road accidents in Poland
Authors: Borucka Anna , Kozłowski Edward , Oleszczuk Piotr , Świderski Andrzej
Published: December 2020

The steady increase in the number of road users and their growing mobility mean that the issue of road safety is still a topical one. Analyses of factors influencing the number of road traffic accidents contribute to the improvement of road safety. Because changes in traffic volume follow a daily rhythm, hour of the day is an important factor affecting the number of crashes. The present article identifies selected mathematical models which can be used to describe the number of road traffic accidents as a function of the time of their occurrence during the day. The study of the seasonality of the number of accidents in particular hours was assessed. The distributions of the number of accidents in each hour were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests. Multidimensional scaling was used to present the found similarities and differences. Similar hours were grouped into clusters, which were used in further analysis to construct the ARMAXmodel and the Holt-Winters model. Finally, the predictive capabilities of each model were assessed.
Preparation and characterization of electrospun fibrous scaffolds of either PVA or PVP for fast release of sildenafil citrate
Authors: Torres-Martínez Erick José , Vera-Graziano Ricardo , Cervantes-Uc José Manuel , Bogdanchikova Nina , Olivas-Sarabia Amelia , Valdez-Castro Ricardo , Serrano-Medina Aracely , Iglesias Ana Leticia , Pérez-González Graciela Lizeth , Cornejo-Bravo José Manuel , Villarreal-Gómez Luis Jesús
Published: December 2020

Sildenafil citrate (SC) has proved to be an effective and inexpensive drug for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). This study aims to synthesize electrospun, submicron fiber scaffolds of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) loaded with SC for fast drug dissolution and its potential use in the treatment of PAH. These fiber scaffolds were prepared through the electrospinning technique. The chemical composition of the nanofibers was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Thermal stability was studied by thermogravimetric analysis and polymeric transitions by differential scattering calorimetry. Surface analysis of the nanofibers was studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy. The wetting and dissolution time of the scaffolds and drug release rate were studied as well. The drug-loaded PVP fibers showed better quality regarding size and homogeneity compared to drug-loaded PVA fibers. These fibers encapsulated approximately 2.5 mg/cm2 of the drug and achieved immediate controlled released rate, which is encouraging for further studies leading to an alternative treatment of PAH in children.
Traditional agricultural landscapes in Uskopaljska valley (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Authors: Gekić Haris , Bidžan-Gekić Aida
Published: December 2020

This article discusses changing trends in agricultural land use in Uskopaljska valley. Quite a large number of agricultural land exploitation orientations indicate that the geographical benefits for the development of certain types of agricultural production are very different. Detailed analysis of the exploitation orientations of land use leads to the opinion that they are determined mainly by social movements. The depopulation areas are numerous in the periphery of Uskopaljska valley, resulting in abandonment of agricultural land and an increase in unused areas. Large extensive production areas were abandoned after 1991, leaving uncultivated ploughlands and grass cover to be used occasionally by herders. In 2018, there were only 7.4 acres of ploughlands, I–IV class quality, per person that were mainly being cultivated, which was not enough to ensure sufficient food production. According to the analysis of available data and based on the practices, and among others a survey among the farmers, the general perception of basic conditions and main problems of agricultural land use and agricultural development is revealed.
Numerical simulation of nickel-based alloys’ welding transient stress using various cooling techniques
Authors: He Meng , Qi Jianing , Zheng Zhentai , Shi Fen , Lei Yunfeng
Published: December 2020

Nickel-based alloys play an important role in the field of high-temperature alloys, which are widely used in nuclear reactors, aerospace and components of turbomachinery. However, the high susceptibility of welding hot crack is a main shortcoming to nickel-based alloys. One of the methods that reduce hot cracking susceptibility is by adjusting element constitution of weld metal and another method is by reducing transient stress. This article used finite element method to study the effect of cooling source on transient stress of the nickel-based alloy weld joint. The selection of appropriate cooling technique can decrease the peak of the transient von Mises stress and make the tensile stress turn into compressive stress, which is beneficial to reduce hot cracking susceptibility. The peak of the transient von Mises stress decreases as the cooling intensity increases from 0 to 15,000 W/m2 K, but increases if the cooling intensity is ineffective. When the distance between cooling source and heat source reaches 35 mm, the weld can get larger region of compressive stress. The peak of the transient von Mises stress decreases with increasing radius of cooling source and reaches minimum value at 12 mm. Combined cooling is more effective in reducing the peak of this stress than the conventional single trailing cooling source.
The local structure around Ge atoms in Ge-doped magnetite thin films
Authors: Shinoda Kozo , Abe Seishi , Sugiyama Kazumasa , Waseda Yoshio
Published: December 2020

Distribution of Ge atoms between tetrahedral and octahedral sites in the spinel-type structure of Fe2.64Ge0.36O4thin films fabricated by radio frequency sputtering with a composite target of magnetite and Ge has been investigated by extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis. The local structural changes around the Ge atoms in the films induced by annealing at 573 and 873 K are discussed through comparison of the local structure for sintered crystalline Fe2.7Ge0.3O4in which Ge atoms preferentially located at the tetrahedral site of the spinel-type structure. This work provides successful information on the structural change with magnetic property of the thin films as follows: the Ge atoms statistically distributed at the tetrahedral and octahedral sites of the as-synthesized films and preferentially occupied the tetrahedral site by annealing at 873 K corresponding to the increase in magnetization.