bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teknologi Fragmentasi Buatan Karang (Caulastrea furcata dan Cynarina lacrimalis) dalam Upaya Percepatan Pertumbuhan pada Kondisi Terkontrol
Authors: Zulfikar Zulfikar , Soedharma Dedi
Published: December 2019

The objective of research were analyze water quality condition of water circulation system at laboratory and tomeasured growth survival rate of Caulastrea furcata and Cynarina lacrimalis which was fragmented at laboratory.Fragmentation treatment of Caulastrea furcata become 1, 2, 3, and 4 polyp that was rearing on circulation systemdid not give significant impact on height and length growth after 160 days rearing and fragmentation of Cynarinalacrimalis on circulation system give significant impact. Mean of growth length of Caulastrea furcata on treatment1, 2, 3 and 4 polyp in every month after 160 days was 1.64 mm, 1.55 mm, 1.42 mm , and1.08 mm whereas growthbroad was 0.71 mm, 0.82 mm, 0.51 mm, 0.62 mm, and mean of growth length Cynarina lacrimalis for the sametreatment in every month was 1.47 mm, 0.90 mm, 0.62 mm, 0.61 mm whereas growth broad was 1.57 mm, 1.16mm, 0.93 mm, 0.89 mm. Fragmentation treatment of Caulastrea furcata become 1 polyp was best length if compareother treatment and Cynarina lacrimalis was treatment became 2 devide.
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Protease Ekstraseluler dari Bakteri dalam Limbah Cair Tahu
Authors: Fatoni Amin , Zusfahair Zusfahair , Lestari Puji
Published: December 2019

Protease has been used in large application industrial process such as detergent, leather, textil, softdrink, andmedicine. In order to find unique protease, many substances were explored as proteases of bacteria sources. Inthis study, tofu liquid waste was used as a source of bacteria producing proteases. Waste sample was growth inskim milk agar medium showing proteases activity, it was used to produce extracellular protease. The microbialcolonies were identified as Staphyllococcus sp. Protease was extracted with 5000 g centrifugation at 4 0C, andpurificated with ammonium sulphate precipitation continued with dialisis. Optimum production time, pH, metal ion,EDTA, specific activity, KM, and Vmaks were studied for enzyme characterization. Volume of crude enzyme was 300ml, with spesific activity of 3.55 U/mg. Protease obtained from 60% ammonium sulphate fraction had the highestspecific activity of 68.22 U/mg. Study on the protease characterization revealed that optimum temperature of thisenzyme was 400C. The optimum pH of the enzyme was found to be 8.0. The kinetic parameters K M dan Vmaks withcasein as substrate were 0.31% and 51.55 U/ml. Some inhibitory effect was observed in the presence of EDTA, Cu +2,Co+2, Zn+2, and enzyme activity was stimulated by Mg+2, indicating that this ion had a functional role in the molecularstructure of the enzyme.
Terjadinya Isomerisasi dan Oksidasi - dan -Karoten Selama Proses Pengolahan CPO
Authors: Kusumaningtyas Reni Subawati , Martosupono Artanto
Published: December 2019

Isomerization and oxidation has been known as the major factors of the degradation of carotenoid compounds.The carotenoid compounds in oil palm fruit are dominated by - and -karoten. Result of this experiment showedthat the isomerization of the - and -karoten during the process productions of crude palm oil (CPO) indicated bythe reducing of trans ? and trans -caroten concentrations and followed by the increasing of cis - and cis ?-caroten concentrations. Isomerization promote to increasing the concentration of cis - and cis -carotenapproximately 40 ppm and 19 ppm on the sterilization process, then 79 ppm and 134 ppm on the extraction andclarification process of crude oil. On the other hand, the purification process just only increased the concentrationof cis ?-karoten about 19 ppm. The Oxidation of the - and -caroten caused to the increasing of lutein andzeaxantin as the degradation product. The - and -caroten oxidation can be increasing the amount of lutein andzeaxantin approximately 1 ppm and 5 ppm on the sterile fruit, 22 ppm and 14 ppm on the extract crude oil, 1 ppmand 3 ppm on purifying oil. The oxidation process of oil palm extract in the vacuum drier tank can be increased thelutein concentration about 6 ppm.
Komunitas Parasitoid Lalat Pengorok Daun pada Pertanaman Sayuran Dataran Tinggi
Authors: Rustam Rusli , Rauf Aunu , Maryana Nina , Pudjianto Pudjianto , Dadang Dadang
Published: December 2019

Leafminer fly, Liriomyza spp. are widely known as new important pests attacking many vegetable species inhigh land in Indonesia. The objective of the research was to study community of parasitoid leafminer in highaltitude, and parasitization level. This research also looked at more specific on parasitization level caused byOpius chromatomyiae. There were four species of leafminer recorded from the survey, Liriomyza huidobrensis,Liriomyza sativae, Liriomyza chinensis and Chromatomyia horticola. The observation also found eight species ofparasitioid associated with collected leafminers. Six species of recorded parasitoid belonged to family of Eulopidae,and two rest species belonged to Braconidae and Eucoilidae respectively. Those eight species of parasitoids wereHemiptarsenus varicornis, Asecodes deluchii, Neochrysocharis okazakii, Neochrysocharis formosa ,Neocrhysocharis sp. Quadrastichus liriomyzae, Opius chromatomyaie, Gronotoma micromorpha. ParasitoidOpius chromatomyiae and Hemiptarsenus varicornis were found to be dominant in the range altitude between1001-1300 and 1301-1600 asl. From 16 spesies of hosts attacked by leaf miners, only Opius chromatomyiae wasrecorded to have ability to parasitize the leafminer in 13 host species with parasitization level reached 1,84–62,26%.
Isolasi Gen Penyandi Peroksidase melalui Penapisan terhadap Pustaka Genom Kedelai Kultivar Slamet
Authors: Suharsono Suharsono , Rachman Faisal , Astuti Utut Widy
Published: December 2019

Screening to genomic library of soybean cultivar Slamet in ë phage to isolate the gene encoding for peroxidase(per) was performed by two steps. cDNA of per gene from Arabidopsis thaliana labeled by alkalin phosphatasewas used as probe. The first screening was done by using 105 recombinant pfu (plaque forming unit). The secondscreening was carried out on 100 recombinant pfu isolated from the first screening. The result of second screeningshowed that all screened clones were supposed containing per gene. The ë phage resulted from second screeningwas infected into E. coli BM 25.8. Due to the Cre recombinase in E. coli BM 25.8, two lox P sites flanking the insertDNA of soybean created recombination. The recombination in loxP sites resulted the excision and formedrecombinant plasmid containing per gene of soybean. To multiply, the recombinant plasmid was introduced into E.coli DH5á. Analysis southern hibridization of recombinant plasmid cut by Bam HI showed that Bam HI 3.7 kbfragmen of S52121R clone, 5,3 kb of S2412R clone, 2,4 and 5,3 kb fragments of S2532R clone were supposed tocontain per genes.
Makroalgae di Paparan Terumbu Karang Kepulauan Anambas
Authors: Kadi Achmad
Published: December 2019

Macroalgae research in Anambas Islands that is the reef flats Jemaja, Pemutus and Matak Waters was carried onJune 2005. Survey method on the research using quadrat transect. Macroalgae is a marine flora which containsChlorophyceae, Phaeophyceae and Rhodophyceae. Biodiversity in the research location was 18 species. Thehigher diversity index (H) was 0.24 and equitability index (e) was 0,105. The higher density of species were 207individuals. Dominant species was 22,83% by Sargassum polycystum.
Biomassa Kerang Anadara granosa pada Perairan Pantai Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir
Authors: Nasution Syafruddin
Published: December 2019

The present study was carried out to investigate the biomass of cockle (Anadara granosa) from coastal waters ofSouth Indragiri District, Riau Province. The biomass was investigated by quadrad sampling method in the intertidalarea along the Concong beach, where fishing of cockles mainly occured. The first station was near by the Concongestuary, while the second station was about 3 miles away from the fisrt one. Samples were collected from threedifferent portions of the intertidal zone that of High Intertidal Mid-Intertidal, and Low Intertidal. The result showedthat the highest biomass was found at the lower partion of the intertidal zone. Soft tissue of A. granosa was about24.8% of total wet-weight and 7.2 % of dry-weight. While material organic was about 85 % of soft tissue dry-weight.Water qualities of the sampling station showed that the overall water qualities were still in normal condition.
Sintesis Nanopartikel Nd-CeO2 Menggunakan Metode Simple Heating untuk Aplikasi Solid Oxide Fuel (SOFCs)
Authors: Sriyanti Ida , Abdullah Mikrajuddin
Published: December 2019

Nd-CeO2 nanoparticles have been synthesized with a simple heating method. The microstructure and morphologyof material were characterized by a Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and the conductivity of the material wasmeasured by an AC Impedance Spectroscopy. At room temperature we obtain a sample prepared at 9% at/at. Ndhave the highest conductivity of 1.47 x 10-4. Scm-1. This conductivity surpass the value reported by Anefleous for Nd-CeO2 (NDC) material prepared by different method. Sample has been 49 nm crystals size obtained from FWHM .Thisresult proves that a simple heating method is the promising for synthesizing electrolyte materials for SOFCapplication.
Kajian Aspek Reproduksi Ikan Lais Ompok hypophthalmus di Sungai Kampar, Kecamatan Langgam, Kabupaten Pelalawan, Provinsi Riau
Authors: Elvyra Roza , Solihin Dedy Duryadi , Affandi Ridwan , Junior Zairin
Published: December 2019

Lais fish of Ompok hypophthalmus is one of high economic fish in Kampar river. It should be protected fromdecreasing of it population estimated due to decreasing of habitat quality and increasing of exploitation. Theobjectives of the research are to study reproduction biology of lais fish as the basic data for conservation. Thisresearch was conducted from January 2007 to January 2008. The results of O. hypophthalmus reproductionaspect show that the smallest female of maturity is 22,9 cm and male is 22,6 cm; the spawning season onSeptember to November; O. hypophthalmus is more appropriate spawning location to oxbow lake that closerelation with tributary; the spawning pattern indicated total spawner fish; the fecundity ranges from 3111 to 11164eggs and the egg diameter ranges 0,41-1,13 mm.
Protein Haemaglutinin Outer Membran Protein (OMP) 35 kDa sebagai Protein Adhesin Proteus mirabilis pada Vesika Urinaria Kelinci
Authors: Suswati Enny , Mufida Diana Chusna
Published: December 2019

Proteus mirabilis is opportunistic and nosocomial pathogen that usually found in clinical specimen from patientswith catheter. The pathogenic mechanism of the bacteria are not fully elucidated especially its potential activity ofthe protein as hemaglutinin and adhesion molecule. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of 35 kDa outermembrane protein from P. mirabilis. After identification, bacterial isolate of OMP fraction 12,5% SDS-PAGE wereused to isolate OMP followed by hemaglutinin test and invitro adhesion test. The study showed that the 35 kDa OMPof P. mirabilis was a hemaglutinin protein that could agglutinate mice erythrocytes, rabbit erythrocytes, and humangroup O erythrocytes. Hemaglutination test were negative on erythrocytes human blood group A,B, and AB. The 35kDa OMP was also adhesion protein showed by its activity to adhere to the rabbit vesica urinaria epithel receptor.The increase dose of 35 kDa OMP will decrease the amount of P. mirabilis bacteria to adhere to rabbit vesicaurinaria epithel (p< 0,05 ).
Sifat Fisikokimia dan Fungsional Pati Buah Aibon (Brugueira gymnorhiza L.)
Authors: Sarungallo Zita Letviany , Santoso Budi , Tethool Eduard Frasisco
Published: December 2019

The aim of this research was to evaluate the physicochemical and functional properties of aibon (Brugueiragymnorhiza L.) starch. Research’s results show that the form of aibon starch granule was ellips like kidney, withsize of 5-4.5 μm, has high amylose content of 32.35%, and gelatinization temperature of 85.5-95oC. It also has highsolubility (7oBrix) and swelling powered of 14.83% at 90oC. Pasting behavior of starch suspension (6.5%, w/v)shows the initial pasting temperature at 85.5oC and peak viscosity 200 BU reached at 93oC. The wide range ofgelatinization temperature makes aibon starch resistant to high heat temperature. Functional characters thatmake aibon starch important for industrial application are its non-adhesive and un-sticky paste, increasing viscositywhile it was heated, unstable gel forming, and low stability to freezing-thawing cycle. Aibon starch also haspotential usage for carbohydrate base products that need starch which has heat resistant granule but does notneed starch that has high viscosity paste.
Dua Dimer Resveratrol dari Kulit Batang Shorea parvifolia (dipterocarpaceae)
Authors: Rosyidah Kholifatu , Juliawati Lia Dewi , Syah Yana Maolana , Hakim Euis Holishotan , Achmad Sjamsul Arifin , Makmur Lukman
Published: December 2019

Two resveratrol dimers, (-)-ampelopsin F dan (-)-laevifonol were isolated from aceton extract of the stem bark ofShorea parvifolia. The structures of these compounds were determined based on their spectroscopic data includingspectroscopy ultra violet (UV), infra red (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR) and also were comparedto the reported data.
Penumbuhan Lapisan Tipis Cooper Phthalocyanine (CuPc) Sebagai Bahan Dasar Sel Surya Organik
Authors: Nurosyid Fahru , Kusumandari Kusumandari
Published: December 2019

Have been conducted a thin film plant of CuPc (Copper Phthalocyanine) and CuPc/Ag (Copper Phthalocyanine/Argentum) at substrat ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) with evaporation method. Coat plant attenuate this use variation ofmass that equal to 50 mg, 100 mg, and 150 mg, with current deposition equal to 40 Ampere. Characterization ofCuPc thin film use Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to know the thickness of the thin film, UV - VisibleSpectrophotometer to know absorbance value of CuPc thin film at wavelength of visible light, and measurement ofvoltage current by two point probe method to know the voltage current characteristics from the thin film in the darksituation and under illumination situation. From result of SEM characterization show the thickness valueprogressively along increase of CuPc materials mass. For the each deposition mass obtained thickness value(0,46 ± 0,01) until (0,92 ± 0,02) μm. UV - Visible Spectrophotometer characterization show light absorption by CuPcthin film layer in visible light, absorption happened at wavelength range 520 nm until 780 nm. From the current -voltage measurement at dark and under illumination situation obtained a current value progressively increasealong its mass increase, but decrease from illuminated to darkness.
Daya Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Ketepeng Cina (Senna alata) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli secara In Vitro
Authors: Yacob Taswin , Endriani Rita
Published: December 2019

The benefit and efficacy of ketepeng cina (Senna alata) in the treatment of infection has shown that have antibacterialactivity, inhibiting and killing bacteria that cause infection. The objective of this study was evaluate the antibacterialactivity of ketepeng cina against Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli in vitro. This study was a laboratoryexperimental research which use completely randomized design with diffusion method. Ethanol extract of Sennaalata leaves devided into 4 doses, i.c. 100, 50, 25 and 12.5. Amoxiclave were used as positive control and aquadestnegative control. The data were analyzed by Analysis of Varian continued with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Theresult of this study showed that antimicrobial activity of ethanol extract Senna alata leaves inhibited the growth ofStaphylococcus aureus, but not Escherichia coli. The optimum effect was showed given by the concentration 100at 17.7 mm.
Trapping Activity of Nematode-Trapping Fungus Arthrobotrys dactyloides on the Presence of Sawdust, Microorganisms, and Nematodes
Authors: Sudirman Sudirman , Zawani Karwati
Published: December 2019

Once biological control agents of nematodes are introduced into soil, they must function in a very complex and dynamicenvironment. In soil, both nematodes and their antagonists are influenced by other biotic and abiotic factors. However,our knowledge of the effects of these factors in soil is limited. Hence, instead of focusing on the role of individualorganisms in controlling nematode pests, this research aimed to determine the effects of sawdust, microorganisms,and nematodes on trapping activity of Arthrobotrys dactyloides. Experiments were conducted with “standardslide test” and “soil microcosm” using soil amended with various concentrations or without sawdust, with thepresence or the absence of microorganisms, and with the presence or the absence of nematodes (Caenorhabditiselegans and/or Meloidogyne javanica). The experiments were carried out with completely randomized design anddata were analyzed with analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s Honestly Significant Different test. Resultsshowed that sawdust did not have direct effect on ring formation and trapping activity of A. dactyloides. However,sawdust did have effect on microorganisms and C. elegans which then these two factors stimulated ring formationand trapping activity of A. dactyloides.
Penapisan Bakteri Simbion Gastropoda Stramonita armigera Penghasil Senyawa Antibakteri Multi Drug Resistant dari Perairan Ternate
Authors: Pringgenies Delianis , Dananjoyo Mijil Ciptaning
Published: December 2019

Antibiotic resistance is an ability of bacteria to hold the antibiotic effect. It was reported that there is a human-patogen bacteria that resistance to one or more classes of antibiotic. It become a problem on medical world. Tosolve those problems, it is necessary to search the new antibiotic compounds that more effective and efficient tosolve the problem of Multi Drug Resistance (MDR). The secondary metabolite-producing marine invertebrates andsymbiont microorganisms, have prospect as an antibiotic. The symbiont microorganisms may produce thesecondary metabolite similar to their host. The aims of the reseach were to determinate of gastropods symbiontbacteria that capable of producing Antibacterial MDR (Multi Drugs Resistant) Compound. Sample of Molusc werecollected from Ternate (Molucas) islands. Isolation of symbiotic bacteria, screening for bacteria which producingsecondary metabolites as anti-MDR bacteria, antibacterial test, isolation of clinical pathogenic bacteria (MDR),conducting anti-bacterial sensitivity test, sensitivity test for antibacterial, DNA exctraction, DNA amplificationbased on PCR method, DNA sequencing. Result of 16S r-DNA sequence was then analyzed and edited usingGENETYX program and followed by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The result showed that 17 strains were isolatedfrom gastropods Stramonita armigera. Antibacterial assays showed that TSA 8.7 isolate have ability to inhibitPseudomonas sp., Escherichia coli dan Enterobacter sp. the molecular analyses showed that isolate TSA 8.7closed by related to Vibrio sp. Strain JZDN1, with 98% of homology. Based on this experimental result, it could beconcluded that gastropods-symbiont bacterium Stramonita armigera capable of producing antibacterial compoundagainst strain Multi Drug Resistant (MDR). There is 11 isolates of gastropods-symbiont bacteria Stramonita armigerathat have an antibacterial MDR activity.
Pengaruh Kolonisasi Trichoderma spp. pada Akar Bibit Pisang terhadap Perkembangan Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense)
Authors: Nurbailis Nurbailis , Martinius Martinius
Published: December 2019

The purpose of the research was to obtain the superior Trichoderma that had ability to colonize root with the resultbeing effective to supress Fusarium wilt desease and promote banana seedling growth. This experiment consistedof 2 factors and 4 replications. The first factor was Trichoderma spp. namely : A. Trichoderma koningii strain S6sh(TK-S6sh), B Trichoderma viride strain T1sk (TV-T1sk) and Trichoderma harzianum strain S10sh (TH-S10sh). Thesecond factor was the kind of banana namely a.Cavendis, b. Barangan and c. Kepok. The observation werecolonization ability, Fusarium wilt desease development and the banana seedling growth. The result showed thatTV-T1sk was the best spesies to colonize all banana seedling root. The highest colonization in Barangan bananaseedling root reached 80%. Trichoderma colonization in banana seedling root could suppress Fusarium wilt diseasedevelopment and increase banana seedling weight. Higher ability of Trichoderma to colonize banana seedling rootcaused lower disease incidence of Fusarium wilt and greater biomass of banana seedling. Interaction betweenTV-T1Sk and Barangan banana was the best in colonization, so they were effective to suppress Fusarium wiltdesease and increase banana seedling biomass.
Penggunaan Zeolit sebagai Pendegradasi Senyawa Permetrin dengan Metoda Fotolisis
Authors: Zilfa Zilfa , Suyani Hamzar , Safni Safni , Jamarun Novesar
Published: December 2019

The research about the degradation of permethryn compound has been done by photolysis method using natural zeolyte as catalyst.Permethryn is one syntetic pyretroid pesticides that low toxicity for mammals but it is high toxicity for fishs, insects and water microorganisms.Zeolyte is aluminosilicate minerals that can be used for degradation of permethryn. Percentage degradation of permethryn is lower withoutzeolyte than using zeolyte as catalyst by photolysis method. 20 mg/l permethryn solution could be degraded 5.40% after 120 minutesirradiation, while by adding 0.20 g natural zeolyte, permethryn could be degraded 69.70
Pemurnian dan Karakterisasi Enzim Lipase dari Aspergillus oryzae pada Kopra Berjamur
Authors: Dali Seniwati Dali , Patong Abdul Rauf , Jalaluddin Muhammad Noor , Parenrengi Pirman Andi
Published: December 2019

An investigation on purification and characterization of lipase enzyme production Aspergillus oryzae from copra by fermentation of oliveoil has been carried out. This enzyme can be produced by fermenting olive oil in a medium containing Aspergillus oryzae. Crude enzyme isobtained by centrifuging the medium cultures containing Aspergillus oryzae at 3500 rpm for 30 minutes and than adding 0.2 M borat buffer(pH 8.2). Enzyme activity was determined from paranitrophenol as product of lipase catalysis of paranitrophenylbutirat (0.2 M) assubstrate measured by the Vorderwulbecke method. Prepurification process was by ammonium sulphate fractionation. Precipitation60-80% ammonium sulphate produced maximum activity of enzyme. Purification by Q sepharosa FF and sephadex G-75 collumchromatography produced four and three fractions with purifity of 12.85 and 20.25 times than crude enzyme respectively. Characterizationof this enzyme showed optimum condition at pH 8.2, temperature at 350C, the Km value at 0.046 M, and Vmaks is 1.926 μmol/menit and themolecular weight at 40.7 kDa.
Aktivitas Peroksidase Mutan Pisang Kepok dengan Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS) secara In Vitro 1
Authors: Yanti Yulmira
Published: December 2019

The activity of peroxidase were observed in leave of banana clone Kepok resulting by treatments EMS. The phenotype of peroxidase wasanalyzed from the banana clones resulting the induced by EMS and without induction after inoculated with pathogen Banana Blood deasesBacterium (BBD). The objectives of research are know variation of activity and band pattern of peroxidase. Induced mutation treatmentsconsist of control, 0.2% EMS for 1 and 3 hours, 0.5% for 1 and 3 hours, each treatments was provided five banana clones. The result showedthat variant value and coefisien variant of peroxidase activity in leaf tissue of clone treated by EMS increased compare to the control. Avariant control is 0.28 with coefisien variant is 29.92%, while variant value of treatment is 8.45 with coefisien variant is 75.75%.Appearance of peroxidase bands on clone resulting by EMS treatments were emerged four band pattern. The first and control band patternhas relative migration distance is 20 and 30, the second 15, 40 and 60, the third is 15, 35 and 50. There are four bands with different relativemigration distance that indicated polymorphic.
Phylogeography and Genetic Diversity of Humpback Grouper Cromileptes altivelis based on Cytochrome C Oxidase I
Authors: Susanto Agus Hery , Nuryanto Agus , Soedibja Petrus Hary Tjahja
Published: December 2019

Humpback grouper is one of the most popular fish group in the international live trade in Asia-Pacific regions. The price for one kilogramlive of humpback grouper, especially in Spermonde Archipelago South of Sulawesi, is range from 350.000-400.000 IDR, whereas in theretail level in Hong Kong the price was about 92 US$. This condition leads to the reduction of nature population due to overexploitation.Population decreasing due to overexploitation may cause loss of genetic diversity within population and lead to reduce of potentialadaptive, population resistance, and productivity. Therefore, it is important to do some efforts to avoid adverse effect of overexploitationon humpback grouper population in Indonesia. One of the valuable efforts is providing genetic information such as phylogeography andgenetic diversity of humpback grouper Cromileptes altivelis. Analysis was based on 618 base pairs fragment of cytochrome c oxidase I genefrom 36 individuals (sequences) of Cromileptes altivelis collected at four different sites (e.g. Pulau Seribu, Jepara, Situbondo and SpermondeArchipelago). The results showed that humpback grouper population has a high haplotype and nucleotide diversity. However, high geneticdiversity and polymorphisms could not reveal population fragmentation (Φ stt = 0.000). It is suggested that high gene flow rather thanpopulation sub structuring was occurred. High level genetic diversity and polymorphisms are vital related to adaptive potential toenvironmental alteration.
Kestabilan Inokulan Azotobacter selama Penyimpanan pada Dua Suhu
Authors: Hindersah Reginawanti , Sudirja Rija
Published: December 2019

Azotobacter might be used as biological agents in bioremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil since this rhizobacteria produceexopolysachharides (EPS) that mobilize soil heavy metals, and phytohormones that regulate root growth. So that heavy metal uptake bythe roots could be increased. The objective of this research was to verify the stability of EPS and phytohormones in Azotobacter liquidinoculants during four months in different temperature storage. Liquid inoculants has been produced in EPS-induced media and stored in200C and room temperature (24-270C) during four months. The results showed that the better temperature storage was room temperatureinstead of 20 0C since pH, total N, and EPS and phytohormones content was relatively stable during storage.
Isoterma dan Termodinamika Adsorpsi Kation Cu2+ Fasa Berair pada Lempung Cengar Terpilar
Authors: Bahri Syaiful , Muhdarina Muhdarina , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Andiyani Fitri
Published: December 2019

Pillared Cengar clay have been synthesized by two methods, first clay suspension is directly mixed into aqueous solution of hydroxy-aluminum polycations (WK) and second by mixing the clay suspension into the solution of sodium acetate and hydroxy-aluminumpolycations (SAK) sequentially. Both clays were calcined in air on atmospheric condition. Diffraction pola, surface morphology and cationexchange capacity of the pillared clays were characterized using X Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) andvisible spectrophotometry methods, respectively. The pillared clays showed increases of basal spacing from 3.57 Å to 4.55 Å and smectiteas a new mineral. Morphology of SAK has more heterogeneous surface with small plates and agglomeration of grains compare with WKwhich small plates. Adsorption of aqueous cation of Cu 2+ were studied on various variables of initial concentration as well as temperatures.As the result, adsorption of cation Cu 2+ on pillared Cengar clay is corresponding to Freundlich isotherm, while the adsorption capacity ofWK on cation Cu 2+ is slightly lower than SAK. The thermodynamic aspect, the WK is reflected possessed exothermic processes withnegative entropy, increased in Gibbs energy and non spontaneous, while the SAK possessed endothermic processes having positive entropy,decreased in Gibbs energy and non spontaneous.
Densitas Simbion Alga Zooxanthellae pada Anemon Laut Stichodactyla gigantea Alam dan Hasil Reproduksi Aseksual
Authors: Rifa’i M. Ahsin , Tuwo Ambo , Budimawan Budimawan , Niartiningsih Andi
Published: December 2019

The aims of this research were to discover the density of algae symbiont of zooxanthellae in the giant carpet anemone (Stichodactyla gigantea) from the nature and the asexual reproduction by longitudinal body fragmentation technique. The research was conducted from October 2007 to July 2008, in The Hatchery of University of Hasanuddin Marine Station in Barrang Lompo Island for seed production and coral reefs area of Barrang Lompo Island for the implementation of culture. The series of study was started with parental collection and acclimatization of anemones, fragmentation of the body, culturing anemones in the coral reefs area and collection of algae zooxanthellae which is conducted every two months. The results of this study indicated the difference of zooxanthellae density from nature and asexual reproduction anemones. The highest density of zooxanthellae algae found in the non fragmented or nature population (AA) (10.84 x 106 cell/cm2), followed by the anemone which was resulted from 2 parts body fragmentation (AF2) (10.24 x 106 cells/cm2), and the anemone which was resulted from 4 parts body fragmentation (AF4) (9.17 x 106 cell/cm2 ). Whereas, between the good coral (KB) and bad coral (KR) not significant.
Penerapan Analisis Korelasi Kanonik pada Kajian Enso dalam Identifikasi Hubungan Fitur Iklim
Authors: Miftahuddin Miftahuddin , Andriani Ria , Setiawan Ichsan , Mulsandi Adi
Published: December 2019

There are several resulting arguments from the research done on climate variation in Indonesia stating that the observed affects are through various phenomena such as ENSO, monsoon, dipole mode event, and MJO. However, the magnitude of the effect varies for each region in Indonesia. This research aims to identify the relationship among the global climate features (GCFs) in the Nino3.4 (5°S–5°N, 120–170°W) with the local climate features (LCFs) in the Aceh regions which represented by: I(2–3°N, 95–98°E), II(3–4°N, 95–98°E), III(4–5°N, 95–98°E), and IV(5–6°N, 95–98°E) using canonical correlation analysis (CCA) in the ENSO phenomena. The analysis shows that global GCFs variations have strong correlation with LCFs variations with the correlation values, 0.893, 0.899, 0.900, and 0.901, respectively. The result show that when there is a global change in any feature of GCFs, the same change also appears in each feature of LCFs. The canonical loading shows that there are original variables which have strong correlation with the first canonical global variable (X1) with correlations 0.987, 0.969, 0.987, and 0.865,respectively, and the local wind (Y1) with correlations 0.974, 0.952, 0.979, and 0.845, respectively. All the other climate features have weak correlations with the first canonical variables. From the MANOVA, we can conclude that the climate features (wind, SST, SSTA, and SLP) affect climate changes in both study regions. Our results also reveal that LCFs are significantly affected in the Nino3.4 99.5% and in I, II, III, and IV for given correlations 99.8, 99.7, 99.6, and 99.5%, respectively.
Ketoksikan Akut dari Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Jarak Pagar (Jatropa curcas) pada Mencit Jantan Galur Balb/C
Authors: Baroroh Hanif Nasiatul , Nur Rachmani Eka Prasasti
Published: December 2019

The acute toxicity of Jatropa curcas leaves on Balb/C male mice was studied in rats. This research aimed to determine acute toxicity, evaluate spectrum of toxic effect and mechanism that caused the death of animal test after administration of ethanolic extract of J. curcas leaves, single dosage orally on 24 hours observation. The research used male mice, which are divided into 5 groups. Group I was negative control with CMC-Na. Group II, III, IV, and V were given extract with dose of 1400 mg/kgBW, 2240 mg/kgBW, 3584 mg/kgBW and 5734 mg/kgBW, respectively. Evaluation of the toxic symptoms and death of animal test was done for 24 hours. If the animal test was died before 24 hours then it underwent surgery to take the heart, liver, lung, and kidney. In the end of the evaluation, all mice were killed to take the vital organs for histopathologic examination. No mortality was observed during study. The test resulted LD50 of ethanolic extract from J. curcas leaves using Balb/C male mice was 5734 mg/kg of BW. It was categorized as practically not toxic. Administration of the extract did not cause alterations of animal behaviours. Histopathology examination shows inflammation in lung, liver, and kidney after administration of the extract.
Pengaruh Pemberian Taurin terhadap Gambaran Histopatologi Paru Mencit (Mus musculus) yang Diinduksi Karsinogen Benzo(α)Piren secara In Vivo
Authors: Roselyn Arini Pradita , Widiastuti Endang Linirin , Susanto G. Nugroho , ' Sutyarso
Published: December 2019

Lung cancer is a disease that causes high mortality. Drugs used to prevent and cure cancer mostly causes intoxicity to the normal tissues due to its less effectiveness. Therefore, it is necessary to find out any agent or substance which works much more effective and safe for cancer treatment. The aim of the study was to elucidate the role of taurine on the lung tissue of mice (Mus musculus) induced by carcinogenic benzo(α)pyrene. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 5 replications. Six treatment groups were perfomed. Group I was given 0.2 mL of corn oil and given aquadest until the end of the study period, group II was induced by benzo(α)pyrene without administration of taurine, group III before induced with benzo(α)pyrene, was given taurine dosage 7.8 mg/BW/day for two weeks, group IV after induced benzo(α)pyrene, was given taurine with dosage 3.9 mg/BW/day, group V after induced benzo(α)pyrene, was given taurine with dosage7. 8 mg/BW/day, group VI after induced with benzo(α)pyrene, was given taurine with dosage 15.6 mg/BW/day. The results of the Kruskal-Wallis analysis and one way ANOVA with LSD (p>0,05) showed that taurine reduced lung tissue damage 72.73% due to the administration of benzo(α)pyrene of 0.3 mg/BW/day. In addition, the effective dose of taurine reduce lung tissue damage was 15.6 mg/BW/day.
Antioxydant Extract of Endophytic Fungi Fusarium oxysporum LBKURCC41
Authors: Marlinda Sri , Teruna Hilwan Yuda , Pratiwi Nova Wahyu , Ardhi Aulia , Saryono Saryono
Published: December 2019

Fusarium oxysporum LBKURCC41 is one of endophyte fungi which is  able to produce secondary metabolites. The purpose of this research was to discover an antioxidant agent from F. oxysporum LBKURCC41extract that was fermented in Huang medium for 15 d with of corn and potato with particle size of 80 mesh as carbon sources. The ethyl acetate extract from the cultured medium showed four dominant component with retentiont time of 3.24, 3.44, 17.02 and 18.889 min. The F. oxysporum LBKURCC41 extract containing compounds with functional group O-H, C-H and C-O, and it had  a IC50 value of 435,157±12,009a.
Overview of Preoperative Cardiology Consultation at a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Thapa S. , Basnet M.
Published: December 2019

Preoperative cardiac consultations are regularly performed during pre-anaesthetic checkup. However, the efficiency and usefulness of these consultations are unclear. The objective of this study is to assess the indication and usefulness of preoperative cardiac consultation. In this cross sectional study, 100 patients sent for preoperative cardiac consultation were evaluated. Baseline characteristics, Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI), comorbidities were recorded. The motive for referral and outcome of the consultation were evaluated. Evaluated patients consist of male (45%) and female (55%) with age ranging from 18 to 89 years (average 51.28 ± 14.6 years). Most common co morbidities were hypertension (53%) and diabetes (30%). High proportion (49%) of patients we resent for cardiac consultation with suspicion of abnormal ECG. Most of the patient had RCRI of 0 and1 (45% and 28% respectively), while 14% and 13% had RCRI of 2 and 3 respectively. “Clearance for surgery” was the most common reason for consultation (60%) followed by risk stratification (41%) and optimization of cardiac disease (40%). Twenty four percent of patients were sent with suspicion of cardiac co morbidity. Twenty six percent were sent without any specific cause. Only 27% of the patient had increased risk of major adverse cardiac events. Further management was not needed in 58% patients. Only 12% patients had a new diagnosis. Preoperative cardiac consultation can be useful in detecting newer cardiac comorbidities and optimization in some patients. However, most preoperative cardiac consultation does not alter the perioperative management
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN USAHA PEMBUATAN TEMPE DENGAN TAHU DI KOTA LANGSA
Authors: Anzitha Silvia
Published: December 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perbedaan pendapatan usaha pembuatan tempe dengan tahu di Kota Langsa Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan Metode Survei (Survey Method) dan dilaksanakan di Kota Langsa. Objek penelitian ini adalah pengusaha tempe dan tahu di Kota Langsa. Ruang lingkup penelitian ini meliputi produksi, harga, biaya produksi, nilai produksi dan pendapatan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2018. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pengusaha tempe dan tahu yang berada di Kota Langsa yang berjumlah 21 usaha. Sampel diambil dengan teknik pengambilan sampling jenuh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata biaya produksi yang dikeluarkan pengusaha tempe adalah sebesar Rp. 19.927.897/bulan, sedangkan rata-rata biaya produksi yang dikeluarkan oleh pengusaha tahu dalam produksinya adalah sebesar Rp. 16.157.541/bulan. Selisih biaya produksi usaha tempe dan tahu adalah Rp. 3.770.357/bulan atau 23,33%. Rata-rata nilai produksi pengusaha tempe adalah sebesar Rp. 27.461.538/bulan, sedangkan rata-rata nilai produksi pengusaha tahu adalah sebesar Rp. 20.812.500/bulan. Rata-rata pendapatan bersih pengusaha pembuatan tempe untuk penggunaan bahan baku kedelai sebesar 1000 Kg kedelai yang diolah pengusaha tempe adalah Rp. 3.956.930 dan pengusaha tahu adalah Rp. 2.998.866.
PENGARUH KELOMPOK MANAJEMEN PUNCAK TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS : STUDI KASUS PADA PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Ainun Moh. Baqir
Published: December 2019

This study aims to identify the influence between top management related to financial distress. This study uses data of banking who listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016. The data analysis technique in this research using multiple regression analysis method with the control variable; Return on Assets (ROA), Operational Costs to Operating Income (BOPO), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), and Cash Ratio (CR). The study discusses to support the stewardship theory that considers the top management group to have a mandate to the shareholders to manage the company and maintain the organization. However, the differences in the structure of the top management group will not affect their motivation to avoid financial stress. The results showed that the top management group had no significant effect on financial distress. This result is also shown the condition and structure of the top management group in the company still has the same goal which is to avoid financial distress.
PENGARUH PARTISIPASI, KEJELASAN SASARAN, GROUP COHESIVENESS DAN INFORMASI ASIMETRI ANGGARAN TERHADAP BUDGETARY SLACK DI SELURUH KECAMATAN KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Nst Anggi Pratama , Kiyah Misna
Published: December 2019

This study aims to analyze the effect of budgetary participation, clarity of budget targets, group cohesiveness, and asymmetric information on budgetary slack, and examine the effect of ethical considerations in moderating the relationship between budget participation, clarity of budget goals, group cohesiveness, and asymmetric information on budgetary slack. The total population sampled was 63 populations (location of all sub-district offices in the city of Medan). Based on the results of the study, all independent variables, namely budget participation, clarity of budget targets, group cohesiveness and asymmetric information simultaneously have a significant effect on budgetary slack. The results of the partial test, for the budget participation and asymmetry information did not significantly influence the budgetary slack, in contrast to the clarity of the budget target and cohesiveness group which partially had a significant effect on budgetary slack.
ПОНЯТИЕ «ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ» В УПРАВЛЕНИИ ПЕРЕГОВОРНЫМ ПРОЦЕССОМ
Authors: Gurushkin P. Y. , Lysenko I. S.
Published: December 2019

In the system of social relations conflicts are an important determinant of human activity. At the same time, negotiations are its integral attribute in the process of regulation of social contradictions. Regardless of the level of negotiations, whether it is bargaining on the market for a certain product or the solution of military-strategic international tasks — the question arises about the effectiveness of this process. How much we will spend, what we will get as a result, how to estimate it and how long it will take — the most important issues that arise in an attempt to analyze the result of any negotiations. The evaluation characteristics of the high or low effectiveness of the negotiations are based, at best, on qualitative methods, at worst — on a descriptive evaluation of the outcome, which is based on two criteria: agreement between the parties and satisfaction with the process. Both indicators can indeed provide some information about the change in the balance of power, whether or not the goals are achieved, etc. However, in this case, important variables such as time, material costs and reputation are not taken into account. Can satisfaction with the result (even of all the agents of the conflict) be considered the main criterion for the effectiveness of the negotiation process? The article is devoted to the analysis of modern approaches to the concepts of “efficiency” and “effectiveness”, as well as to the study of the applicability of these phenomena in the context of the evaluation of the negotiation process.
AN AMBITION ANALYSIS REPRESENTED BY THE MAIN CHARACTER IN PERFUME: THE STORY OF A MURDERER
Authors: Moputi Relita , Husain Dahlia
Published: December 2019

Literary works are the reflection of real life. Movie is a literary work that tells a story by using some conflict. The character in a movie usually describes the human psychology and behavior. Ambition is one of human psychology. This research discusses about the ambition of the main characters in Perfume: the Story of a Murderer. This movie tells about the ambitious the main character to make a perfume by killed 26 victims. He has an ambition to fulfill their psychogenic needs. The fulfillment of psychogenic needs that is experienced by the main character on the movie is analyzed in Henry Murray's The Need Theory of Personality. This research is conducted by using the qualitative method. This research uses psychological approach to analyze the fictitious of the main character. The result from this study is that the ambition has the causes and the effects.Keywords: Movie, Psychogenic needs, Ambition, Psychological Approach.
PSYCHOANALYSIS TOWARDS ANASTASIA STEELE CHARACTER IN FIFTY SHADES DARKER NOVEL
Authors: Pepedek Romiance
Published: December 2019

This research aims to explain Anastasia’s personality in Fifty Shades Darker novel which is a qualitative analysis and the data source was obtained by reading and note-taking. This research uses Sigmund Freud’s theory which was developed by several experts using the Personality element which consists of Id, Ego, and Super Ego. The results of the research based on the three personality elements Anastasia can be seen from the amount of intention, strong desire to be with Christian Grey even though the pain experienced always haunts her, but her desire to love is stronger than the sense of the pain she experienced. The Anastasia Ego can be known from every way Anastasia did to Christian Gray as if trying to convince the purity of her love for Cristian which Christian was still in doubt even afraid that Anastasia would leave him. Furthermore, Anastasia’s super ego can be known through her independence, she does not want to depend on the wealth of Cristian Gray as her lover and she always gives attention and care for Cristian Gray. Keywords: Personality, Anastasia Stele, Fifty Shades Darker Novel
DECONSTRUCTIVE ANALYSIS OF MAIN CHARACTER IN FRANKENSTEIN NOVEL BY MERY SHELLEY
Authors: Bowta Femilia , Puluhulawa Yulan
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this research is to deconstruct the main character of  Frankenstein novel. This is qualitative research with deconstructive approach. Deconstruction is a method of reading texts which shows that in every text there is always an absolute presumption. Deconstruction is used to find other meanings hidden in a text. The steps taken by the writer in deconstructing Frankenstein's novel are describing Victor's character, finding binary opposition in the character then deconstructing Victor's character. The results are the portrayal of Victor after deconstruction that Victor himself was the cause of all the chaos done by his creatures.  Victor's ambitions that are too deep in science make him a different person, from a good character to very selfish and cruel.Keywords: Deconstructive, Main Character, Binary Opposition, Frankenstein Novel
AN ANALYSIS OF MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEED IN THE GREAT GATSBY NOVEL BY FRANCISS SCOTT FITZGERALD’S
Authors: Bahuwa Ritna
Published: December 2019

This research discussed the main character’s need, Jay Gatsby. Namely, psychological needs, safety needs, love, and belonging need, Esteem needs, and actualization need. The objective of this research is to analyze the Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy need described in the Gatsby novel by Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald. This research used a descriptive qualitative method and Abraham Maslow’s theory. The result of this research was found from five types of Abraham Maslow’s need, there were two types that were not fulfilled by Jay Gatsby, namely safety needs, and love and belongingness need so, that actualization needs could not be reached.Keywords: Jay Gatsby, Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
A History of Oil Spills on Long-Distance Pipelines in Canada
Authors: Kheraj Sean
Published: December 2019

Leaks and spills have been endemic on long-distance oil pipelines in Canada since the mid-twentieth century. Evidence from the National Energy Board (neb) pipeline incident reports reveals a track record of thousands of spills totalling millions of litres of oil across the country. What causes onshore oil spills? Why do they occur? Where have they occurred? What have been the environmental consequences of these incidents? This article explores the history of onshore oil spills on federally regulated long-distance pipelines since the mid-twentieth century. It argues that oil pipeline spills are an endemic characteristic of complex enviro-technical systems built primarily for economic efficiency rather than environmental protection. Based on the analysis of incident reports submitted to the neb, the article finds that, while frequent, onshore oil spills in Canada have been variable in scale and have had a wide range of potential adverse environmental effects, depending on location, product type, and volume. The causes of such spills have also been variable, conforming to no obvious pattern over time. Instead, oil pipeline spills have occurred most often in an unpredictable fashion, posing great challenges for policy development. These spills have also represented a proportionally small fraction of the total oil delivered on Canada’s long-distance pipelines, but, in absolute terms, this has meant the uncontrolled release of many millions of litres of oil into the environment.