bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between Accelerated Biological Aging, Diet, and Gut Microbiome
Authors: Sharma Shweta , Prizment Anna , Nelson Heather , Zhang Lin , Staley Christopher , Poynter Jenny N. , Seshadri Gokul , Ellison Aidan , Thyagarajan Bharat
Published: August 2024

Factors driving accelerated biological age (BA), an important predictor of chronic diseases, remain poorly understood. This study focuses on the impact of diet and gut microbiome on accelerated BA. Accelerated Klemera–Doubal biological age (KDM-BA) was estimated as the difference between KDM-BA and chronological age. We assessed the cross-sectional association between accelerated KDM-BA and diet/gut microbiome in 117 adult participants from the 10,000 Families Study. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to estimate the abundances of gut bacterial genera. Multivariable linear mixed models evaluated the associations between accelerated KDM-BA and diet/gut microbiome after adjusting for family relatedness, diet, age, sex, smoking status, alcohol intake, and BMI. One standard deviation (SD) increase in processed meat was associated with a 1.91-year increase in accelerated KDM-BA (p = 0.04), while one SD increase in fiber intake was associated with a 0.70-year decrease in accelerated KDM-BA (p = 0.01). Accelerated KDM-BA was positively associated with Streptococcus and negatively associated with Subdoligranulum, unclassified Bacteroidetes, and Burkholderiales. Adjustment for gut microbiome did not change the association between dietary fiber and accelerated KDM-BA, but the association with processed meat intake became nonsignificant. These cross-sectional associations between higher meat intake, lower fiber intake, and accelerated BA need validation in longitudinal studies.
Developing Photoactive Coumarin-Caged N-Hydroxysulfonamides for Generation of Nitroxyl (HNO)
Authors: Rahman Mohammad S. , Bharadwaj Vinay , Lautaha Anau K. H. S. , Sampson Paul , Brasch Nicola E. , Seed Alexander J.
Published: August 2024

Photoactive N-hydroxysulfonamides photocaged with the (6-bromo-7-hydroxycoumarin-4-yl)methyl chromophore have been successfully synthesized, and the mechanisms of photodecomposition investigated for two of the compounds. Upon irradiation up to 97% of a diagnostic marker for (H)NO release, sulfinate was observed for the trifluoromethanesulfonamide system. In the absence of a species that reacts rapidly with (H)NO, (H)NO instead reacts with the carbocation intermediate to ultimately generate (E)-BHC-oxime and (Z)-BHC-oxime. Alternatively, the carbocation intermediate reacts with solvent water to give a diol. Deprotonation of the N(H) proton is required for HNO generation via concerted C-O/N-S bond cleavage, whereas the protonation state of the O(H) does not affect the observed photoproducts. If the N(H) is protonated, C-O bond cleavage to generate the parent N-hydroxysulfonamide will occur, and/or O-N bond cleavage to generate a sulfonamide. The undesired competing O-N bond cleavage pathway increases when the volume percentage of water in acetonitrile/water solvent mixtures is increased.
Cytotoxic Activity of Lepidium virginicum L. Methanolic Extract on Human Colorectal Cancer Cells, Caco-2, through p53-Mediated Apoptosis
Authors: Gallegos-Saucedo Renata , Barrios-García Tonatiuh , Valdez-Morales Eduardo E. , Cabañas-García Emmanuel , Barajas-Espinosa Alma , Gómez-Aguirre Yenny Adriana , Guerrero-Alba Raquel
Published: August 2024

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer worldwide. Its treatment options have had a limited impact on cancer remission prognosis. Therefore, there is an ongoing need to discover novel anti-cancer agents. Medicinal plants have gained recognition as a source of anti-cancer bioactive compounds. Recently, ethanolic extract of L. virginicum stems ameliorated dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis by modulating the intestinal immune response. However, no scientific study has demonstrated this potential cytotoxic impact on colon cancer cells. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of the methanolic extract of L. virginicum (ELv) on a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco-2) and to identify and quantify the phenolic compounds present in ELv extracts by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The cytotoxic activity was assessed using cell viability assays by reduction in the compound 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). MTT and LDH assays revealed that the ELv decreases cell viability in the Caco-2 cell line in a concentration-dependent manner. Cell death was a result of DNA fragmentation and p53-mediated apoptosis. Eight phenolic acids and five flavonoids were identified and quantified in the stems. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that the extract of L. virginicum possesses cytotoxic properties on Caco-2 cell line, suggesting that it could be a potential source of new drugs against CRC.
Chemical and Thermal Characteristics of PEF-Pretreated Strawberries Dried by Various Methods
Authors: Matys Aleksandra , Nowacka Małgorzata , Witrowa-Rajchert Dorota , Wiktor Artur
Published: August 2024

By increasing the permeability of the cell membrane of the treated material, pulsed electric fields (PEF) enhance the internal transport of various chemical substances. Changing the distribution of these components can modify the chemical and thermal properties of the given material. This study aimed to analyze the impact of PEF (1 kV/cm; 1 and 4 kJ/kg) applied to strawberries prior to drying by various methods (convective, infrared-convective, microwave-convective, and vacuum) on the chemical and thermal properties of the obtained dried materials (sugars content, total phenolic content, and antioxidant capacity (ABTS and DPPH assays); thermal properties (TGA and DSC); and molecular composition (FTIR)). PEF could have induced and/or enhanced sucrose inversion because, compared to untreated samples, PEF-pretreated samples were characterized by a lower share of sucrose in the total sugar content but a higher share of glucose and fructose. Reduced exposure to oxygen and decreased drying temperature during vacuum drying led to obtaining dried strawberries with the highest content of antioxidant compounds, which are sensitive to these factors. All PEF-pretreated dried strawberries exhibited a lower glass transition temperature (Tg) than the untreated samples, which confirms the increased mobility of the system after the application of an electric field.
A Review of Cinnamic Acid’s Skeleton Modification: Features for Antibacterial-Agent-Guided Derivatives
Authors: Annuur Rose Malina , Triana Desita , Ernawati Teni , Murai Yuta , Aswad Muhammad , Hashimoto Makoto , Tachrim Zetryana Puteri
Published: August 2024

Antimicrobial resistance has emerged as a significant danger to global health, and the need for more effective antimicrobial resistance (AMR) control has been highlighted. Cinnamic acid is abundant in plant products and is a potential starting material for further modification, focusing on the development of new antimicrobial compounds. In the following review, we describe the classification of critical antibacterial-guided reactions applied to the main skeleton structure of cinnamic acid derivatives over the last decade. Of all of the main parts of cinnamic acids, the phenyl ring and the carboxylic group significantly affect antibacterial activity. The results presented in the following review can provide valuable insights into considerable features in the organic modification of cinnamic acids related to antibacterial medication development and the food industry.
Bioactive Compounds and the Antioxidant Activity of Selected Vegetable Microgreens: A Correlation Study
Authors: Stajčić Slađana , Ćetković Gordana , Tumbas Šaponjac Vesna , Travičić Vanja , Ilić Petar , Brunet Sara , Tomić Ana
Published: August 2024

In this study, the content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity was determined in five selected vegetable microgreens (daikon, i.e., Japanese radish; Chinese red radish; pea; beetroot; and onion). Total phenolics and chlorophylls were analyzed spectrophotometrically in all investigated microgreens. In addition, the content of betalains was determined spectrophotometrically in beetroot microgreens. HPLC analysis was used to identify and quantify individual phenolic compounds. The antioxidant activity of microgreens was determined by DPPH, ABTS and reducing power assays. The highest content of total phenolics, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b was found in beetroot microgreens (639.85 mg GAE/100 g DW, 202.17 mg/100 g DW and 79.53 mg/100 g DW, respectively). In beetroot microgreens, the content of total betalains, betacyanins and betaxanthins was determined to be 57.27 mg/100 g DW, 43.58 mg BE/100 g DW and 13.68 mg VE/100 g DW, respectively. Among the investigated microgreens, beetroot microgreens showed the highest antioxidant activity, while pea microgreens exhibited the lowest antioxidant activity in all applied assays. The highest correlation was observed for the content of total phenolics and phenolic acids, as determined by HPLC analysis with antioxidant activity using all applied assays, indicating that these compounds were most important contributors to the antioxidant activity of the investigated vegetable microgreens.
Preparation of Fe2O3/g-C3N4 Photocatalysts and the Degradation Mechanism of NOR in Water under Visible Light Irradiation
Authors: Li Zheng , Lu Guang , Gu Guizhou , Li Min , Han Xinyue , Wang Xin , Li Wei
Published: August 2024

Fe2O3/g-C3N4 nano-heterostructures for photocatalytic degradation of NOR (norfloxacin) were successfully prepared by combining co-precipitation and calcination methods. The g-C3N4, Fe2O3, and different composite ratios of Fe2O3/g-C3N4 (FeCNs) were characterized by XRD, SEM, XPS, UV-vis DRS, PL, and electrochemical tests, and the mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of NOR was analyzed. The results indicated that the semiconductor was attached to the surface of g-C3N4 in the form of α-Fe2O3 crystal with good crystalline structure. The composite of Fe2O3 with g-C3N4 increased the specific surface area of the material, effectively reduced the band gap, strengthened the photogenerated e−/h+ pair separation, and improved the photocatalytic performance of the composite. The photocatalytic degradation of NOR was consistent with the quasi-primary reaction kinetic model. Among them, FeCN-25wt% showed the optimal photocatalytic degradation of NOR (72.3%) with the largest degradation rate (k = 0.00900 min−1). The Fe2O3/g-C3N4 composite structure is inferred to be a Z-type heterojunction.
A Hybrid Grey System Model Based on Stacked Long Short-Term Memory Layers and Its Application in Energy Consumption Forecasting
Authors: Hao Yiwu , Ma Xin
Published: August 2024

Accurate energy consumption prediction is crucial for addressing energy scheduling problems. Traditional machine learning models often struggle with small-scale datasets and nonlinear data patterns. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a hybrid grey model based on stacked LSTM layers. This approach leverages neural network structures to enhance feature learning and harnesses the strengths of grey models in handling small-scale data. The model is trained using the Adam algorithm with parameter optimization facilitated by the grid search algorithm. We use the latest annual data on coal, electricity, and gasoline consumption in Henan Province as the application background. The model’s performance is evaluated against nine machine learning models and fifteen grey models based on four performance metrics. Our results show that the proposed model achieves the smallest prediction errors across all four metrics (RMSE, MAE, MAPE, TIC, U1, U2) compared with other 15 grey system models and 9 machine learning models during the testing phase, indicating higher prediction accuracy and stronger generalization performance. Additionally, the study investigates the impact of different LSTM layers on the model’s prediction performance, concluding that while increasing the number of layers initially improves prediction performance, too many layers lead to overfitting.
Future Prospects of MeOH and EtOH Blending in Gasoline: A Comparative Study on Fossil, Biomass, and Renewable Energy Sources Considering Economic and Environmental Factors
Authors: Shi Xiaofei , Yu Zihao , Lin Tangmao , Wu Sikan , Fu Yujiang , Chen Bo
Published: August 2024

Alcohol-blended gasoline is recognized as an effective strategy for reducing carbon emissions during combustion and enhancing fuel performance. However, the carbon footprint associated with its production process in refineries deserves equal attention. This study introduces a refinery modeling framework to evaluate the long-term economic and environmental performance of utilizing alcohols derived from fossil, biomass, and carbon capture sources in gasoline blending processes. The proposed framework integrates Extreme Learning Machine-based models for gasoline octane blending, linear programming for optimization, carbon footprint tracking, and future trends in feedstock costs and carbon taxes. The results indicate that gasoline blended with coal-based alcohol currently exhibits the best economic performance, though its carbon footprint ranges from 818.54 to 2072.89 kgCO2/t. Gasoline blended with biomass-based alcohol leads to a slight reduction in benefits and an increase in the carbon footprint. Blending gasoline with CCUM (CO2 capture and utilization to methanol) results in the lowest economic performance, with a gross margin of 8.91 CNY/toil at a 30% blending ratio, but achieves a significant 62.4% reduction in the carbon footprint. In long-term scenarios, the additional costs brought by increased carbon taxes result in negative economic performance for coal-based alcohol blending after 2040. However, cost reductions driven by technological maturity lead to biomass-based alcohol and CCUM blending gradually showing economic advantages. Furthermore, owing to the negative carbon emissions characteristic of CCUM, the blending route with CCUM achieves a gross margin of 440.60 CNY/toil and a gasoline carbon footprint of 282.28 kgCO2/t at a 20% blending ratio by 2050, making it the best route in terms of economic and environmental performance.
Hybridization of Acoustic and Visual Features of Polish Sibilants Produced by Children for Computer Speech Diagnosis
Authors: Sage Agata , Miodońska Zuzanna , Kręcichwost Michał , Badura Paweł
Published: August 2024

Speech disorders are significant barriers to the balanced development of a child. Many children in Poland are affected by lisps (sigmatism)—the incorrect articulation of sibilants. Since speech therapy diagnostics is complex and multifaceted, developing computer-assisted methods is crucial. This paper presents the results of assessing the usefulness of hybrid feature vectors extracted based on multimodal (video and audio) data for the place of articulation assessment in sibilants /s/ and /ʂ/. We used acoustic features and, new in this field, visual parameters describing selected articulators’ texture and shape. Analysis using statistical tests indicated the differences between various sibilant realizations in the context of the articulation pattern assessment using hybrid feature vectors. In sound /s/, 35 variables differentiated dental and interdental pronunciation, and 24 were visual (textural and shape). For sibilant /ʂ/, we found 49 statistically significant variables whose distributions differed between speaker groups (alveolar, dental, and postalveolar articulation), and the dominant feature type was noise-band acoustic. Our study suggests hybridizing the acoustic description with video processing provides richer diagnostic information.
Distortion-Free Magnetic Tracking of Metal Instruments in Image-Guided Interventions
Authors: Higgins Eoin , Crowley Daragh , van den Bosch Christian , Cantillon-Murphy Pádraig
Published: August 2024

Electromagnetic tracking (EMT) can benefit image-guided interventions in cases where line of sight is unavailable. However, EMT can suffer from electromagnetic distortion in the presence of metal instruments. Metal instruments are widely used in laparoscopic surgery, ENT surgery, arthroscopy and many other clinical applications. In this work, we investigate the feasibility of tracking such metal instruments by placing the inductive sensor within the instrument shaft. We propose a magnetostatic model of the field within the instrument, and verify the results experimentally for frequencies from 6 kHz to 60 kHz. The impact of the instrument’s dimensions, conductivity and transmitting field frequency is quantified for ranges representative of typical metal instruments used in image-guided interventions. We then performed tracking using the open-source Anser EMT system and quantify the error caused by the presence of the rod as a function of the frequency of the eight emitting coils for the system. The work clearly demonstrates why smaller tool diameters (less than 8 mm) are less susceptible to distortion, as well as identifying optimal frequencies (1 kHz to 2 kHz) for transmitter design to minimise for distortion in larger instruments.
The Development of a Novel Nitrate Portable Measurement System Based on a UV Paired Diode–Photodiode
Authors: Fernandes Samuel , Tlemçani Mouhaydine , Bortoli Daniele , Feliciano Manuel , Lopes Maria Elmina
Published: August 2024

Nitrates can cause severe ecological imbalances in aquatic ecosystems, with considerable consequences for human health. Therefore, monitoring this inorganic form of nitrogen is essential for any water quality management structure. This research was conducted to develop a novel Nitrate Portable Measurement System (NPMS) to monitor nitrate concentrations in water samples. NPMS is a reagent-free ultraviolet system developed using low-cost electronic components. Its operation principle is based on the Beer–Lambert law for measuring nitrate concentrations in water samples through light absorption in the spectral range of 295–315 nm. The system is equipped with a ready-to-use ultraviolet sensor, light emission diode (LED), op-amp, microcontroller, liquid crystal display, quartz cuvette, temperature sensor, and battery. All the components are assembled in a 3D-printed enclosure box, which allows a very compact self-contained equipment with high portability, enabling field and near-real-time measurements. The proposed methodology and the developed instrument were used to analyze multiple nitrate standard solutions. The performance was evaluated in comparison to the Nicolet Evolution 300, a classical UV–Vis spectrophotometer. The results demonstrate a strong correlation between the retrieved measurements by both instruments within the investigated spectral band and for concentrations above 5 mg NO3−/L.
Modeling and Performance Analysis of LBT-Based RF-Powered NR-U Network for IoT
Authors: Potnis Kulkarni Varada , Joshi Radhika D.
Published: August 2024

Energy harvesting combined with spectrum sharing offers a promising solution to the growing demand for spectrum while keeping energy costs low. New Radio Unlicensed (NR-U) technology enables telecom operators to utilize unlicensed spectrum in addition to the licensed spectrum already in use. Along with this, the energy demands for the Internet of Things (IoT) can be met through energy harvesting. In this regard, the ubiquity and ease of implementation make the RF-powered NR-U network a sustainable solution for cellular IoT. Using a Markov chain, we model the NR-U network with nodes powered by the base station (BS). We derive closed-form expressions for the normalized saturated throughput of nodes and the BS, along with the mean packet delay at the node. Additionally, we compute the transmit outage probability of the node. These quality of service (QoS) parameters are analyzed for different values of congestion window size, TXOP parameter, maximum energy level, and energy threshold of the node. Additionally, the effect of network density on collision, transmission, and energy harvesting probabilities is observed. We validate our model through simulations.
Managerial Myopia and Enterprise Green Total Factor Productivity: Perspectives on the Supervisory Effect and Incentive Effect
Authors: Li Ning , Li Ruiling , Yu Shangshang
Published: August 2024

Enhancing green total factor productivity is essential for the development of a green economy. However, from a micro perspective, it remains unclear how management, as the primary decision-maker, influences enterprise green total factor productivity. Drawing on the perspectives of supervisory and incentive effects, this study examines the impact of managerial myopia on enterprise green total factor productivity, using data from Chinese industrial companies listed on the A-share markets of Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2007 to 2022. The findings indicate that managerial myopia significantly reduces enterprise green total factor productivity. Tests for moderation effects reveal that green investors and low-carbon city pilot policies, through supervisory effects, as well as equity incentives and environmental protection subsidies, through incentive effects, can effectively mitigate the negative impact of managerial myopia on enterprise green total factor productivity. Further analysis suggests that managerial myopia hinders green innovation activities within enterprises by reducing both the quality and the quantity of green innovation, thereby inhibiting green total factor productivity. This study contributes to the understanding of the impact of managerial myopia on enterprise green total factor productivity, offering empirical evidence and policy implications for addressing managerial myopia to enhance enterprise green total factor productivity.
Topological Crystals: Independence of Spectral Properties with Respect to Reference Systems
Authors: Kato Koichi , Richard Serge
Published: August 2024

It is a common postulate that spectral properties of operators describing physical systems are independent of the underlying reference frames. For the Laplace operator on topological crystals, we prove such a statement from a deeper analysis of the behavior of spectral properties with respect to arbitrary choices. In particular, we investigate the impact of the choice of a unit cell, and of the choice of a family of generators for the transformation group.
Exploring skull shape variation and allometry across different chicken breeds
Authors: Korkmazcan Aycan , Ünal Burak , Bakıcı Caner , Gündemir Ozan
Published: August 2024

This study investigates skull shape variation and allometry among three different chicken breeds: Broiler, Lohman Brown, and Leghorn. Geometric morphometrics analysis was employed to analyse skull morphology, focusing on facial bones and the neurocranium. The study aims to understand how skull shape differs between these breeds and how it relates to size variation. Results show significant differences in skull morphology among the chicken breeds. Following PCA analysis, it was observed that PC1 explained 21.7% of the total variation. The PC1 values of Broiler chickens were notably lower compared to other breeds, indicating distinct morphological differences in their cranial shape. Increasing PC1 values corresponded to a more rounded head shape, with individuals possessing high PC1 values exhibiting a higher neurocranium. In contrast, Lohman Brown and Leghorn chickens show similarities in skull shape, with a more elongated appearance. Broiler chickens were found to be the smallest among the breeds studied, with statistical analysis confirming their distinguishability based on centroid size. In contrast, Lohman Brown and Leghorn chickens exhibited similar sizes, with no significant difference between them. Allometric analysis reveals that skull shape changes with size, particularly in the neurocranium and facial bones. These findings suggest that evolutionary adaptations and breeding practices have influenced the skull morphology of these chicken breeds. Overall, this study provides insights into the skull shape variation and allometry of different chicken breeds, highlighting the importance of considering both genetic and environmental factors in understanding morphological diversity in poultry.
Incidence, antimicrobial prescribing practice, and associated healthcare costs of paediatric otorrhoea in primary care in the UK: a longitudinal population study
Authors: Heward Elliot , Domzaridou Eleni , Gavan Sean P , Carr Matthew , Lunn Judith , Molloy John , Isba Rachel , Hay Alastair D , Nichani Jaya R , Bruce Iain A , Ashcroft Darren M
Published: August 2024

Background

Paediatric otorrhoea (PO) is a symptom-based diagnosis encompassing acute and chronic ear infections that cause otorrhoea in children and young people (CYP).

Aim

To understand the burden of PO on primary care services.

Design and setting

This was a longitudinal population study in UK primary care.

Method

Data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD Aurum), January 2005 to December 2019, was analysed. CYP <17 years of age with otorrhoea were included. Standardised annual incidence and presentation rates were estimated. Poisson regression modelling was used to determine risk ratios comparing sex, age, and Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD). A probabilistic simulation scaled-up estimates for the UK population.

Results

The cohort included 6 605 193 CYP, observed over 32 942 594 person-years. There were 80 454 people with incident cases and 106 318 presentations of PO during the 15-year period, equating to standardised annual incidence and presentation rates per 1000 patient-years of 2.42 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.40 to 2.44) and 3.15 (95% CI 3.13 to 3.17), respectively. In the UK this equates to 41 141 primary care appointments per year. Incidence was higher in males, those aged 0–2 years, and those living in the least deprived quintile. Treatment involved oral antibiotics (57.1%, 45 931/80 454), no prescription (28.1%, 22 569/80 454), topical antibiotics (9.7%, 7797/80 545), or a combination (4.9%, 3910/80 545). The cost to NHS primary care is estimated at £1.97 million per year.

Conclusion

To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first longitudinal population-based study investigating PO that demonstrates the burden on primary care. Antimicrobial prescribing predominantly follows National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines using oral amoxicillin. Aminoglycosides are the most frequently prescribed topical antibiotic despite the concern of ototoxicity.
A UTI e o contexto ético/bioetico na pandemia
Authors: Ferreira Maria Eduarda Daenecke , Ferreira Wesley da Silva , Nunes Paulo Cardoso , Dutra Denecir de Almeida
Published: August 2024

A UTI é um setor que traz novas/velhas percepções e interações na saúde que condiciona a alta complexidade em saúde onde o risco é eminente do paciente e o profissional de saúde deve estar atento além dos sinais vitais, assim a humanização deve ser constante na integração do cuidado e da assistência no fazer humanizado. Objetivo: Foi verificar as interações éticas na humanização dos profissionais atuantes no contexto da UTI. Metodologia: Foi dedutiva levando em consideração a revisão bibliográfica narrativa a qual está voltada a temática, onde foram utilizados os descritores Uti, pandemia com o período de 2018 a 2022. Resultados: A partir das informações obtidas, evidencia-se que a ética e humanização por parte da equipe de enfermagem durante o período de trabalho em conjunto com os familiares dos pacientes que estão na unidade de terapia intensiva, é indispensável para a evolução deles. Discussão: No Brasil as instituições de saúde propendendo diminuir a implicação da pandemia utilizaram estratégias como Lockdown, cancelamento de cirurgias eletivas e ainda a abertura de leitos de uti em caráter de emergência. A humanização aplicada antes, durante e após a pandemia no anteceder da pandemia vinha sendo aplicada mutualmente a prática da humanização, escolhas de tratamento ao paciente, entender o sofrimento do próximo, ter ética profissional, ações essas que no decorrer da pandemia foram interrompidas a fim de evitar a proliferação do vírus. Assim, pós pandemia tentamos retornar com todas as práticas de humanização nas UTI's apesar da lenta aceitação tanto dos profissionais quanto dos pacientes, aos poucos vamos enquadrando essa prática tão importante para a saúde. Conclusão: Diante dos fatos mencionados torna-se evidente a importância da humanização nas UTI’s, ainda mais no contexto da pandemia, uma vez que os pacientes estão submetidos a cuidados de alta complexidade exigidos na assistência ao paciente grave.
A influência do uso de Oseltamivir no tratamento e recuperação de crianças acometidas pelo vírus da Influenza: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Oliveira Nicolas Louback de , Rocha João Pedro Mendes , Moreira Rafael Veloso , Aguiar Matheus Duarte , Maciel Guilherme Inácio Ferreira
Published: August 2024

Introdução: A influenza é uma preocupação constante  para saúde pública, afetando, segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde, anualmente, cerca de 1 bilhão de pessoas em todo o mundo, resultando em aproximadamente 290.000 a 650.000 mortes por complicações respiratórias graves. Dessa maneira, o Oseltamivir surge como um medicamento importante para reduzir a carga viral e limitar a propagação do vírus. Crianças, por terem um sistema imunológico ainda em desenvolvimento, estão em risco elevado de complicações graves relacionadas à gripe, tornando essencial a avaliação sobre a eficácia do Oseltamivir na recuperação e prevenção de complicações. Objetivo: Evidenciar o papel e a influência do Oseltamivir no tratamento e recuperação de crianças acometidas pela Influenza. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática nas bases PubMed, Scielo, LILACS e Cochrane, com os descritores “Oseltamivir AND Influenza”. Resultados: Inicialmente, foram encontrados 573  artigos, dos quais 41 foram selecionados de maneira minuciosa  para  análise,  resultando  6  artigos para estratificação dos dados que compõem a revisão. Conclusão: O Oseltamivir, quando utilizado para o tratamento do vírus da influenza, mostrou-se benéfico para a população em questão, com vasta evidência robusta. Fatores como a aceleração no tempo de recuperação, diminuição dos sintomas relacionados à doença e baixas recorrências de efeitos colaterais reforçam seu impacto na qualidade de vida e tratamento dos pacientes. No entanto, observou-se a carência de estudos relacionados à eficácia e segurança da combinação terapêutica e na relação de custo benefício em mais países, estudos futuros devem expandir o conhecimento do Oseltamivir integralmente, assegurando que seu uso seja otimizado em escala global.
A influência da prática religiosa na superação de transtornos mentais em estudantes de medicina de uma instituição de ensino superior (IES), da zona da mata mineira
Authors: Campos Noelle Carolina Ferreira , Diniz Mariana de Faria Gardingo
Published: August 2024

Este presente estudo analisou a influência da espiritualidade e religiosidade no bem-estar e saúde mental de estudantes de medicina em Matipó/MG. Identificou se a religiosidade pode ser um fator de proteção ou desproteção frente aos transtornos mentais, contribuindo para a redução desses transtornos por meio de intervenções mais eficientes. A relevância social do estudo reside na melhoria do bem-estar dos estudantes e aumentou a compreensão sobre os benefícios da espiritualidade e religiosidade nesse contexto. O estudo foi transversal, de base populacional, realizado em um Centro Universitário em Matipó, Minas Gerais, durante fevereiro de 2024. A coleta de dados foi feita por meio de questionários estruturados sobre religiosidade, depressão, ansiedade e estresse, aplicados por entrevistadores treinados, além disso, foram obtidas informações sociodemográficas dos estudantes de Medicina. A análise dos dados foi realizada de maneira qualitativa. Os riscos da participação na pesquisa incluíram invasão de privacidade e impactos emocionais. O desfecho primário do estudo foi a relação entre religiosidade/espiritualidade e transtornos mentais. Os resultados indicaram uma associação positiva entre a religiosidade e seu impacto frente aos transtornos mentais.
Avanços na dermatoscopia digital para caracterização e monitoramento de lesões
Authors: Duque Marcela de Godoy Carvalho , Araújo Letícia Farias , Leite Felipe Germano Monteiro , Silva Orestes Santana Souza e , Lima Rafael Ramalho Bezerra de , Lima Mariana Coutinho Marques de , Cantalice Italo Freire , Sales Amanda Suelem Vitorino , Almeida Maureen O'Hara Morais Batista de , Souza Luiz Eduardo Oliveira Forte Ferreira de , Frazão Hélio Tárik de Araújo , Lima João Guilherme Ávila de , Coelho Julia Davel Moreira , Lima Luiza Dias de Andrade , Araújo Wanessa Medeiros Teodoro de , Feitosa Cibelle Constância Bezerra , Ferreira José Nadilson Azevedo , Leal Neto Achilles , Queiroz Luiz Eduardo Xavier , Medeiros Neto Walmo Santana de
Published: August 2024

A dermatoscopia digital tem avançado significativamente, promovendo melhorias na caracterização e monitoramento de lesões cutâneas. Este artigo revisa os avanços recentes na área, com destaque para a teledermoscopia e a integração de tecnologias de imagem complementares, como ultrassom, infravermelho e inteligência artificial. Estudos demonstram que essas inovações aumentam a precisão diagnóstica, permitem a detecção precoce de malignidades e otimizam a gestão clínica. A padronização da terminologia e o uso de dispositivos portáteis facilitam a prática clínica e reduzem a necessidade de biópsias desnecessárias. Os resultados indicam que a dermatoscopia digital e a teledermoscopia estão transformando a prática dermatológica, proporcionando diagnósticos mais precisos e tratamentos mais eficazes, melhorando a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.
Amiloidose cardíaca por transtirretina não hereditária: relato de caso
Authors: Chaves Brenno Augusto Schmaltz , Lustosa Murilo Povoa Oliveira , Barcellos Túlio Assunção , Luz Larissa Santos da , Bastos Vinicius Lelis , Abreu Frederico André Alves , Nogueira Eduardo José Alves , Boas Lenisa Cezar Vilas
Published: August 2024

Introdução: A amiloidose consiste em uma doença que acomete múltiplos sistemas, ocasionada pela deposição de proteínas fibrilares insolúveis nos tecidos, os quais perdem sua conformação, levando à disfunção de vários órgãos, incluindo o coração. A amiloidose cardíaca (AC) é uma condição rara causada pelo acúmulo de proteínas amiloides no coração, resultando em comprometimento da função cardíaca e é frequentemente subdiagnosticada devido à sua clínica inespecífica e à falta de conscientização sobre a doença. Avanços recentes em imagens cardíacas, estratégias diagnósticas e terapias melhoraram o seu reconhecimento. Objetivo: relatar o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino diagnosticado com amiloidose cardíaca por transtirretina não hereditária. Materiais e métodos: os dados foram obtidos por meio de revisão de prontuário do paciente, exames complementares do mesmo e revisão de literatura. Relato de caso: paciente do sexo masculino, 85 anos, com histórico de hipertensão arterial sistêmica e infarto agudo do miocárdio, submetido a duas pontes de safena e uma mamária. Procurou atendimento devido à dor torácica, edema de membros inferiores, dispneia e alteração da função renal. Ecocardiograma transtorácico indicou FEVE de 49%, dilatação biatrial e alteração de relaxamento biventricular, sugerindo amiloidose. Ressonância magnética cardíaca revelou aumento biatrial, dilatação ventricular direita, espessamento do septo interatrial, ventrículo esquerdo com paredes espessadas e função contrátil global levemente deprimida (FEVE 49%). Houve realce tardio difuso heterogêneo no miocárdio ventricular esquerdo e direito, consistente com cardiomiopatia restritiva biventricular infiltrativa ou por depósito, considerando amiloidose cardíaca. Angiocoronariografia em mostrou dilatações aneurismáticas na coronária direita e oclusão crônica no 1/3 médio, recebendo circulação colateral da coronária esquerda (não precisa). Iniciou-se investigação para amiloidose AL. Descartada a forma AL, foi solicitada a cintilografia miocárdica com pirofosfato revelou depósito de transtirretina, e análise genética mostrou gene ATTR wild-type (não mutado). Biópsia renal indicou vasculopatia hipertensiva sem depósito de amiloide, proteínas monoclonais, complemento ou imunocomplexos (não precisa). Diagnosticado com amiloidose cardíaca por transtirretina selvagem, iniciou tratamento com Tafamidis (vyndaqel) 120 mg/dia. Paciente relatou melhora da dispneia e regressão do edema maleolar, com exames laboratoriais confirmando melhora significativa. Conclusão: em virtude das variadas manifestações clínicas e complexidade diagnóstica da amiloidose cardíaca, um cuidado maior na abordagem médica é necessária, visando reconhecer os sinais e sintomas sugestivos, bem como, saber quais testes solicitar, para, então, confirmar ou descartar a doença com mais precisão.
Anestesia geral na ''Deep Brain Stimulation'': revisão integrativa
Authors: Portes Miqueias Alves , Barros Maria Letícia Cardoso Costa de , Oliveira Anna Isabel Rocha de , João Matheus Alonso Shimizu , Freitas Victor Hugo Sardinha de , Simionatto Daniel Cadore , Costa Rafael Emídio da , Oliveira Luiz Gustavo Domingues de , Silva Filho Nelson Freire , Amorim Leandro Custodio , Gomes Jefferson Bezerra , Cunha Matheus França , Xavier Guilherme Ribeiro , Schlosser Gustavo Smit , Vicente Manuela Lange , Celin Lara Sardenberg Pinheiro
Published: August 2024

Introdução: A estimulação cerebral profunda (ECP) é uma técnica utilizada para o tratamento de doenças neurodegenerativas em estágio avançado. Atualmente, para esse procedimento, o método anestésico mais utilizado é a anestesia local com uso de sedativo, para que o paciente permaneça consciente. No entanto, é necessário que o paciente interrompa a medicação antiparkisoniana, o que pode causar dor e sequelas psicológicas. Dessa forma, a literatura discute o uso de anestesia geral na ECP e suas possíveis vantagens. Objetivo: Avaliar as diferentes técnicas de anestesia em procedimentos com estimulação cerebral profunda. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa na base de dados PUBMED, utilizando os descritores “ANESTHESIA AND DEEP BRAIN STIMULATION” para artigos publicados entre 2019 e 2024. Resultados: Um ensaio clínico randomizado e duas meta-análises demonstraram que não há diferenças clínicas, pós-cirúrgicas ou relacionadas a complicações entre a estimulação cerebral profunda mediada por anestesia geral e a por anestesia local. Contudo, um ensaio randomizado chinês trouxe dados discrepantes em relação aos encontrados anteriormente: O grupo que passou por anestesia geral teve recuperação mais rápida, deambulação precoce e menores taxas de complicações e estresse relacionadas à cirurgia. Embora o uso de anestesia geral tenha sido recomendado em diferentes graus e tipos de distonias, os métodos anestésicos devem ser determinados com frequência. Conclusão: Os estudos demonstram que não há uma diferença significativa entre as diferentes técnicas anestésicas na ECP, com a maior divergência sendo no conforto proporcionado aos pacientes submetidos à anestesia geral. Os principais obstáculos encontrados na literatura são as amostras pequenas para realização dos trabalhos, que resultam em discordâncias entre os estudos. Além disso, foi observado que a ECP também pode ser utilizada para o tratamento de distúrbios que causam contrações musculares excessivas.
Desafios clínicos e abordagens terapêuticas na síndrome do intestino curto secundária à gastrosquise: um relato de caso
Authors: Künsch Klaus Helmer , Mattos Lígia Belarmino , Lopes Arthur Leandro Quinteiro , Chen Isabela Siyao , Santana Isabela Arcanjo , Monteiro Fabrício Prado , Maia Rayana Elias
Published: August 2024

Introdução: A Síndrome do Intestino Curto (SIC) está atrelada a uma insuficiência intestinal que pode ser desencadeada por diversos elementos, dentre eles, defeitos congênitos da estrutura da parede abdominal, como a gastrosquise. Trata-se de uma manifestação rara no Brasil, evidenciando-se em cerca de 2,69 por 10.000 nascidos vivos.  Relato de caso: O caso foi observado em um feto que apresentou gastrosquise confirmada por ultrassonografia, optou-se, então, por parto cesáreo eletivo. Foi realizado fechamento primário da gastrosquise, todavia, houveram diversos focos de isquemia intestinal. Necessitando, então, de múltiplas reabordagens cirúrgicas, com evolução para quadro de Síndrome do Intestino Curto. Discussão: A evolução pós-operatória revelou uma adaptação intestinal desafiadora, caracterizada por dilatação do intestino remanescente, motilidade intestinal reduzida e risco aumentado de sepse. Devido à gravidade do quadro e à falta de melhora significativa após múltiplas intervenções, a paciente foi encaminhada para cuidados paliativos. Conclusão: O caso destaca que a abordagem integrada multidisciplinar é essencial, considerando aspectos médicos, psicossociais e a busca contínua por novas estratégias terapêuticas e cirúrgicas para melhorar os resultados clínicos e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.
Satisfação de usuários dos serviços de saúde conforme a avaliação do PMAQ-AB no Paraná
Authors: Seguro Mônica Regina , Hamm Juliana Rodrigues , Birolim Marcela Maria , Massuqueto Raphaella Rosa Horst , Oliveira Iria Barbara de , Baratieri Tatiane , Beltrame Briena Padilha Andrade , Santos Talita Mendes dos , Pereira Evani Marques
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar a satisfação e os mecanismos de participação e interação dos usuários quanto aos serviços de saúde em relação ao seu acesso e utilização. Método: Estudo descritivo, transversal com dados secundários do terceiro ciclo de avaliação externa do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica, no estado do Paraná. A população de estudo foi composta por usuários das Unidades Básicas de Saúde, que responderam perguntas sobre a satisfação, condições de acesso e utilização de serviços de saúde. Utilizou-se o programa Statistical Package for Social Sciences, versão 20.0. Resultados: A maior parte dos participantes afirmou que sabia ler e escrever, 59,5% disseram ter estudado acima de 10 anos. Em relação à satisfação com o serviço de saúde, 54% da amostra está satisfeita, contudo apenas 2% estão insatisfeitos. Foi constatado grau de satisfação elevado com os serviços de saúde, o que demonstra que o PMAQ-AB tem sido amplamente importante neste processo. Evidenciou-se que a maioria das avaliações foram positivas referente a confiança depositada na equipe, a resolubilidade que esta lhes oferece, à escuta ativa e a periodicidade das visitas domiciliares. Conclusão: A avaliação dos usuários é importante ferramenta para auxiliar no aperfeiçoamento dos serviços, desenvolvimento de políticas públicas, e ampliar o acesso à qualidade da assistência.
OPTIMIZATION OF PSYCHOTHERAPY: FROM DEALING WITH STRESS TO ITS MANAGEMENT AND USE IN THE INTERESTS OF THE PATIENT
Authors: Авилов О.В.
Published: August 2024

На основе теории функциональной эквивалентности рассматриваются причины эмоционального стресса. Предполагается, что стрессовая реакция является реакцией на ситуацию, в которой скорость развития дисбаланса из-за воздействия или внезапного отсутствия воздействия информационных, физических или химических факторов превышает скорость установления эквивалентности. В этом случае предпринимается попытка срочно сформировать эквивалентный ответ по разным "каналам". Обобщения, сделанные на основе теории функциональной эквивалентности, позволяют нам понять смысл действий по предотвращению последствий стресса, критерий того, что коррекция проявлений стресса необходима пациенту, значение и критерии эффективности некоторых психотерапевтических методик.

On the basis of the theory of functional equivalence, the causes of emotional stress are considered. It is suggested that a stress reaction is a response to a situation in which the rate of development of an imbalance due to the impact or sudden absence of the impact of informational, physical or chemical factors exceeds the rate of establishing equivalence. In this case, an attempt is made to urgently form an equivalent response through different "channels". Generalizations made on the basis of the theory of functional equivalence allow us to understand the meaning of actions to prevent the effects of stress, the criterion that the correction of stress manifestations is necessary for the patient, the meaning and criteria for the effectiveness of some psychotherapeutic techniques.
DYNAMICS OF INDICATORS OF COORDINATED WORK OF THE HEART AND BLOOD VESSELS UNDER STRESS
Authors: Чайванов Д.Б. , Чудина Ю.А. , Николаев А.А. , Вартанов А.А.
Published: August 2024

Настоящая работа посвящена изучению влияния стресса на динамику показателей согласованной работы сердца и сосудов. Добровольцы с разной исходной вариабельностью сердечного ритма и нервной регуляцией сердечной деятельности отличаются согласованностью сердца и сосудов. Группа с высокой исходной вариабельностью сердечного ритма и значительно меньшим влиянием парасимпатического отдела на сердечную деятельность характеризуется более высокой согласованностью работы сердца и сосудов. Группа с низкой вариабельностью сердечного ритма и большим вкладом парасимпатической системы в регуляцию сердечной деятельности характеризуется низкой исходной согласованностью работы сердца и сосудов. Было выявлено, что стресс оказывает тормозящее влияние на представителей группы с высокой вариабельностью сердечного ритма и мобилизующе действует на представителей группы с низкой вариабельностью сердечного ритма.

This work is devoted to the study of the influence of stress on the dynamics of indicators of the coordinated work of the heart and blood vessels. Volunteers with different initial heart rate variability and neural regulation of cardiac activity differ in the consistency of the heart and blood vessels. The group with high initial heart rate variability and significantly less influence of the parasympathetic division on cardiac activity is characterized by a higher consistency of the heart and blood vessels. The group with low heart rate variability and a large contribution of the parasympathetic system to the regulation of cardiac activity is characterized by low initial coordination of the heart and blood vessels. It was found that stress has an inhibitory effect on the representatives of the group with high heart rate variability and mobilizes the representatives of the group with low heart rate variability.
PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE WORKING CAPACITY OF MONOTONOUS WORKERS
Authors: Халфина Р.Р. , Хабибуллина И.Р.
Published: August 2024

В статье представлены данные исследования работоспособности сотрудников лаборатории, чей труд отличается монотонность. Установлено, что происходит снижение количества просмотренных знаков и повышения количества совершенных ошибок к концу рабочей смены. Полученные данные будут способствовать более глубокому исследованию проблемы повышения работоспособности сотрудников, чей труд связан с монотонными действиями, также позволит разработать методы коррекция с целью повышения работоспособности сотрудников с монотонными профессиональными обязанностями.

The article presents data from a study of the efficiency of laboratory employees whose work is characterized by monotony. It was found that there is a decrease in the number of characters viewed and an increase in the number of mistakes made by the end of the working shift. The obtained data will contribute to a deeper study of the problem of improving the performance of employees whose work is associated with monotonous actions, and will also allow the development of correction methods to improve the performance of employees with monotonous professional duties.