bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of magnetic resonance imaging in patients with aortic stenosis before and after replacement of the valve
Authors: Shariya M. A. , Ustyuzhanin D. V. , Lepilin P. M. , Imaev T. E. , Komlev A. E. , Belyaevskaya A. A. , Ternovoy S. K.
Published: October 2020

Risk stratification among patients with aortic stenosis remains inadequate, and there is a clinical need for the correct identification of high-risk patients who would benefit from aortic valve intervention before developing left ventricular decompensation. Since the publication of the results of the PARTNER study, transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become the method of choice for aortic valve stenosis in inoperable patients and is a real alternative to conventional surgical replacement of the aortic valve in high-risk patients. In planning TAVI and postoperative monitoring of a patient from imaging methods, the leading role is played by echocardiography and multispiral computed tomography. However, in recent years, the interest of researchers in the use of magnetic resonance imaging in this category of patients has increased. The review article examines the potential role of magnetic resonance imaging in patients with aortic stenosis before and after TAVI.
Contrast-induced acute kidney injury in patients with stable coronary artery disease: the most important risk factors and prevalence
Authors: Mironova O. I. , Staroverov I. I. , Sivakova O. A. , Fomin V. V.
Published: October 2020

Aim.The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) receiving optimal medical treatment with indications to coronary angiography and intraarterial administration of contrast agents.
Materials and methods.1023 patients with stable CAD were included in the open prospective observational cohort study. The CI-AKI was defined as a rise in serum creatinine 25% from baseline. The mean age of the study group was 61.710.1 years; 72.4% were males and 84.4% had arterial hypertension. A multiple logistic regression model of prediction of CI-AKI was created.
Results.CI-AKI developed in 132 (12.9%) of the patients. The multiple logistic regression model included gender, BMI, weight, age, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, anemia, hyperuricemia, proteinuria and baseline serum creatinine. Area under the curve for the model was 0.749 (95% confidence interval 0.7030,795;p0.0001). When trying to build a prognostic model, including baseline GFR and contrast volume, the model lost significance and the AUC diminished.
Conclusion.The CI-AKI remains quite a common kidney injury developing in patients with stable CAD undergoing percutaneous interventions. Several risk factors need to be assessed very carefully before any intervention requiring intraarterial contrast media administration especially in patients with comorbidities.
Oral Hygiene in Patients Using Removable Prosthesis
Authors: Preety Rajesh  , Dhanraj Ganapathy  , Manjari Choudary
Published: October 2020

A properly designed denture is conducive to proper rehabilitation of edentulism. Regular good denture hygiene by individuals with removable partial dentures (RPDs) is an important component of oral health and in the prevention of further dental problems. These individuals should be provided with advice on the importance of denture care and be aware of this information so as to avoid problems related to the oral cavity in the future. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and hygiene of patients using a removable prosthesis. The study consisted of patients who wear removable prosthesis between the age of 25-50 years. Data were obtained from the DIAS and each case sheet was reviewed carefully by visual means and OHIS score was given for each individual based on visual observation. Data were obtained and tabulated. Data was exported to SPSS and output was obtained. Based on the average of OHIS score, the oral hygiene of all the patients was fair. The study concludes that the oral hygiene of all the patients wearing removable prosthesis of the sample size provided was fair. Females in this study showed better hygiene compared to men.
Predicting the potential distribution of striped hyena Hyaena hyaena in Iran
Authors: Dadashi-Jourdehi Amirhossein , Shams-Esfandabad Bahman , Ahmadi Abbas , Rezaei Hamid Reza , Toranj-Zar Hamid
Published: October 2020

Predictive potential distribution modelling is crucial in outlining habitat usage and establishing conservation management priorities. Association among species occurrence and environmental and spatial characteristics has been calculated with species distribution models. Herein, we used maximum entropy distribution modelling (MaxEnt) for predicting the potential distribution of striped hyena Hyaena hyaena in the entire country of Iran, using a number of occurrence records (i.e., 118) and environmental variables derived from remote sensing. The MaxEnt model showed a high rate of success according to AUC test scores (0.97). Our results are roughly congruent with previous studies suggesting that mountainous re-gions in northern and western Iran, and the plains in central and eastern Iran are a suitable habitat for H. hyaena.
Civil society promoting government accountability for health equity in the Caribbean: The Healthy Caribbean Coalition
Authors: Hassell Trevor A. , Hutton Maisha T. , Barnett D. Beverley
Published: October 2020

Achieving health equity and addressing the social determinants of health are critical to attaining the health and health-related targets of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its Sustainable Development Goals. Frameworks for health, including the Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas 2018 – 2030, emphasize reduction of health inequities and “leaving no one behind” in national sustainable development. Health equity includes advancing universal health and the primary health care approach, with equitable access for all people to timely, quality, comprehensive, people- and community-centered services that do not cause impoverishment. Equally important, and a hallmark of good governance, is accountability for such advances. Governments have primary responsibility for reducing health inequities and must be held accountable for their policies and performance. Civil society has been recognized as a key partner in advancing sustainable and equitable national development. Effective accountability mechanisms should include civic engagement.

The Healthy Caribbean Coalition (HCC), the only Caribbean regional alliance of civil society organizations working to prevent and control noncommunicable diseases—a major health priority fueled by inequities—has played a significant role in holding governments accountable for advancing health equity. This case study examines factors contributing to the success of the HCC, highlighting work under its five strategic pillars—accountability, advocacy, capacity development, communication, and sustainability—as well as challenges, lessons learned, and considerations for greater effectiveness.
Microwave acid digestion of mafic and ultramafic rocks in ICP-MS determination of the rare earth elements
Authors: Kravchenko A. A. , Nikolaeva I. V. , Palessky S. V.
Published: October 2020

A technique of the microwave digestion of mafic and ultramafic rocks is developed for ICP-MS determination of the rare earth elements. A series of experiments was carried out to optimize the digestion parameters (temperature, acid ratio, sample mass) in a microwave system MARS-5. A mixture of acids HF and HNO3 in a volume ratio of 4:1 was used at the first stage (60 min, 190°C, maximum pressure 20 atm), and after distilling off the excess fluorides in the form of SiF4 the dry residue was treated with aqua regia (60 min, 190°C, maximum pressure 20 atm). Measurements were carried out using a double-focusing ICP mass spectrometer ELEMENT Finnigan Mat. Multielement standard solution with an acidic composition similar to the analyzed solutions was used for external calibration and indium was used as an internal standard. The detection limits were 0.0002 – 0.008 μg/g. The digestion technique was validated by analysis of the geological reference materials BHVO-2 and BCR-2 (basalts), UB-N (serpentinite), JP-1 (peridotite). The relative standard deviations for the determined elements were below 8% for reference materials BHVO-2, BCR-2, and UB-N, and ranged within 10 – 35% for JP-1 sample. The developed technique was used for determination of the rare earth elements in Kola Peninsula rocks. The correctness of the results was confirmed by comparison with the results of ICP-MS analysis after fusion with lithium metaborate. The rapidity compared to acid decomposition without using a microwave system and low detection limits compared to fusion are the apparent advantages of the developed technique.
Formation of the database using the results of mechanical testing of the samples obtained by additive technologies
Authors: Yurchenko A. V.
Published: October 2020

We present methodological developments and approach to the formation of the database proceeding from the results of mechanical tests of the samples obtained by Fused Deposition Method (FDM) on a Fortus 380 mc 3D-printer using ABS-plastic. The material of 3D-printed structures reveals a natural anisotropy of the mechanical characteristics which are to be studied prior to developing of the mathematical models. Such studies are always limited by the goals and capabilities of researchers, on the one hand, but, on the other hand, they are aimed at sharing and integrating of the results obtained by various research groups. The accumulated data provide the opportunities for in-depth study and understanding of the general patterns and features of deformation of the materials obtained by additive technologies. Therefore, the data on their mechanical testing and processing should be available in the open (or limited) access. Data of standard tests for three-point bending of the samples that differ in the orientation of deposited layers considered together with the initial data and documents, the developed test program and data the final report were used to form a desired database. Formation of this database is an example that demonstrates an approach to arranging the scientific data which implements the key principles of data availability. The developed approach provides the possibility of structuring complex data sets keeping an independent access to each of the objects. The generated database is available at https://od.ict.sc/DuPXcR.
Antibacterial Activity of Chitosan, Some Plant Seed Extracts and Oils Against Pathogenic Organisms Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: KADAK Ali Eslem , SALEM Mohammed Omar Abdalla
Published: October 2020

In this present study, various concentrations (0.5, 1, and 2%) of chitosan extracted through the chemical methods from the shells of crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus), pink shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris), blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) shells, aqueous extracts of black cumin (Nigella sativa L), flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum), Chaste Tree (Vitex agnus-castus L.) and black cumin and flaxseed oil were tested in vitro for their antibacterial activities against tow pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, using the disk diffusion method. On the other hand, were Eritromisin and florfenicol were used as a positive control. The negative control was Acetic Acid and cotton oil. Antimicrobial activity of chitosan is affected by different intrinsic and extrinsic factors. chitosan Source, molecular weight, deacetylation degree, viscosity, and solvent material, pH, ionic strength, metal ions, and bacteria cultures. In the present study, all four extracted chitosans were showed different antimicrobial effects on two different types of bacteria, while there are not any antibacterial effect of aqueous extracts and oils of the three plants seeds that used in this study.
Doula assistance on anxiety and duration of giving birth in normal mother giving birth
Authors: Darmayanti Putu Ayu Ratna , Januraheni Ni Luh Putu , Nugraeni Dwi Widyaningsih
Published: October 2020

Normal childbirth has a high risk of causing excessive anxiety during the delivery process which can adversely affect the mother and the fetus. Besides, the long labor duration makes women even more anxious and afraid to go through the normal labor phase. However, anxiety and the duration of labor can be minimized and reduced with support and the presence of a doula during normal labor. The benefits of doula assistance during the normal delivery process are also not widely known because it is not commonly implemented in Indonesia. This study aims to prove the effect of doula assistance on anxiety and normal delivery duration. This study is a true experimental design with a Posttest Only with Control Group Design with a total sample size of 62 normal maternal mothers in the delivery room of the TK II Udayana Hospital Denpasar Bali which is divided into two. group, namely the intervention group as many as 31 people given doula assistance and a comparison group of 31 people who only provided support from their husbands. Observations and interviews were carried out immediately after delivery.
Improved corrosion resistance, mechanical and wear behaviors of particulate composite coating of steel pipeline for marine environment
Authors: Yakubu Suleiman Idawu , S. Obayi C. , None Mu'azu K. , Mohammed A. T.
Published: October 2020

The use of agricultural wastes, which are cost-effective and environmental-friendly materials as composites coating, is growing fast in various engineering fields. This research investigates the possibility of improving corrosion resistance, mechanical, and wear behaviors of particulate composite coating of steel pipeline with zinc alloys reinforced with groundnut shell ash (GSA) for the marine environment. Different weight percentages of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 wt.% GSA of particle size 75 μm were used for the coatings. The groundnut shell ash was characterized by X-ray fluorescent (XRF). The morphology of the steel pipeline before and after coatings was studied using scanning electron microscope/Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). The XRF results revealed that calcium oxides (CaO), silica (SiO2), alumina (Al2O3), and iron oxide (Fe2O3) being the major oxides present. The results showed that average coating thickness and hardness value were 45.50, 98.50, 99.67 μm, and 80.45, 108.60, 118.60 HBV for Zn-10ZnO/0, 20, and 25 wt. % GSA respectively. Their corresponding current corrosion (icorr) were 38.52, 10.56, and 2.98 mA/cm2. The morphologies revealed that reinforcement with GSA protected the surface of the system analyzed. The corrosion rate of the steel pipeline of 38.52 mA/cm2 values decreased to 10.56 mA/cm2 and 1.98 mA/cm2 for 0, 20, and 25 wt. % GSA with the protection efficiency of 72.59% and 81.25%, respectively. The wear rate improvement between 0-25 wt. % GSA was 49.75%. The work established Zn-10ZnO/GSA composite coating on steel pipeline can improve the corrosion resistance, hardness, and wear rate of the studied steel pipeline coated.
АНАЛИЗ ГОРЕНИЯ МЕТАНОВОЗДУШНОЙ СМЕСИ В ЩЕЛЕВОЙ ГОРЕЛКЕ В РАМКАХ ОДНОМЕРНОЙ МОДЕЛИ
Authors:   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, БЕЛЯЕВ А.А. , ШМЕЛЕВ В.М. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, ВАСИЛИК Н. Я. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, ЗАХАРОВ А.А. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, АРУТЮНОВ В. С. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук,   Институт проблем химической физики Российской академии наук
Published: October 2020

В рамках одномерной модели проведен анализ горения перемешанной метановоздушной смеси внутри плоскопараллельного канала щелевой горелки, состоящей из ряда параллельных металлических пластин. Задача описывается системой уравнений, представляющих законы сохранения энергии в газе и твердой фазе, массы и элементного состава газовой фазы с учетом протекания химических реакций, конвективного теплообмена между газом и поверхностью пластин, радиационных потерь энергии от поверхности пластин во внешнюю среду. Показано, что стабилизация пламени обеспечивается наличием тепловых потерь за счет излучения поверхности пластин, формирующих канал. Определены границы диапазона значений удельной мощности, в котором возможна стабилизация пламени внутри канала. Модель качественно описывает основные закономерности горения в щелевой горелке.
АНАЛІЗ МЕТОДІВ МОДИФІКАЦІЇ ПОЛІМЕРНИХ ТЕКСТИЛЬНИХ МАТЕРІАЛІВ
Authors: Слізков А. М. , Колесник О. В.
Published: October 2020

Analysis of methods of modification of polymeric textile materials to determine promising directions of obtaining new polymeric textile materials with specified properties. The analytical methods of researching the scientific problem of obtaining new polymeric textile materials with given properties of different types and methods of their chemical and physical modification are used in the article. Today, the main directions of updating and expanding the range of polymeric textile materials are not only obtaining new types of textile fibers and filaments, but their modification in various ways and methods. Therefore, the presented article analyzes the types of modification of polymeric textile materials and identifies promising ways of modifying them to obtain new materials with specified properties. One of the promising ways of modifying polymeric textile materials is the physical, and plasma technology of processing fibers and filaments. Of the plasma technologies and methods, the most effective is the method of application of low-temperature plasma, which allows without changing the chemical structure of the polymer fibers to achieve the predicted change in their properties. The analysis of the methods of modification of textile materials is carried out and the peculiarities of the change in their properties from the influence of various chemical and physical factors on them are determined. The main factors of influence of plasma technologies, changes in the structure and properties of polymeric textile fibrous materials are analyzed and the most promising of them are determined. It has been determined that the most effective, economical and environmentally friendly methods of physical modification of PTM polymers are electrophysical. Methods for the electrophysical modification of polymers of textile threads and fibers make it possible to provide their specific desired properties. Low-temperature plasma treatment of polymers does not affect their supramolecular structure and does not impair their other consumer properties; it can be carried out depending on the plasma parameters and the nature of the polymer fibers of the textile material.
Powdery mildew resistance of Nordic spring bread wheat accessions from the collection of the Vavilov Institute (VIR)
Authors: Lebedeva T. V. , Brykova A. N. , Zuev E. V.
Published: October 2020

Background. Powdery mildew is one of the harmful and destructive foliar diseases of cereal crops, caused by the fungus Вlumeria graminis (DC.) E.O. Speer f. sp. tritici Em. Marchal. Annual harvest losses may reach 10–15%, and up to 30% in an epidemic year. The VIR collection contains rich diversity of wheat, a valuable source of original material for wheat resistance breeding programs.

The aim of this study was to generalize the results of long-term field and laboratory investigations on powdery mildew resistance in spring bread wheat of Nordic origin from the VIR collection and search for accessions resistant in all development phases.

Materials and methods. Powdery mildew resistance was analyzed in 279 accessions originated from Sweden, Finland, Norway and Denmark. The tests were performed from 1961 to 2019 against a natural population of the fungus in VIR’s experimental field (Pushkin, St. Petersburg). Field and laboratory studies were carried out in accordance with the guidelines developed by VIR.

Results. The analysis of the field data on powdery mildew resistance in spring bread wheat accessions against the Pushkin population of the fungus showed that many Nordic accessions were resistant from 1970 till 1990. These data were retested in 2012–2013. One hundred and five accessions of old landraces and modern cultivars of Nordic origin were studied under field and laboratory conditions for their response to a natural population of the fungus. Accessions resistant in all phases of plant development were identified.

Conclusion. Swedish cultivars ‘Sunnan’ (k-58177), ‘Canon’ (k-60992), ‘Sober’ (k-61080) ‘Dragon’ (k-61515) and ‘Dacke’ (k-63479) preserved their resistance to the powdery mildew population beginning from 1993. Spring bread wheat cultivars ‘SW Vals’ (k-64436), ‘SW Milljet’ (k-64434), ‘SW Estrad’ (k-64435), ‘SW Vinjet’ (k-64436), ‘Zebra’ (k-64707), ‘SW Kungsjet’ (k-66036), ‘SW Kronjet’ (k-66097) and ‘Boett’ (k66353) demonstrated adult and seedling resistance in the period from 2005 to 2019.
Genetic diversity of broad beans (Vicia faba) in the collection of the Vavilov Institute and its use in breeding
Authors: Mamedova S. M. , Vishnyakova M. A.
Published: October 2020

The paper presents brief information about the history of the collection of broad (horse) beans (Vicia faba L.) at the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), its composition, research trends, and significance for domestic breeding. The collection started in 1916 with Vavilov’s collecting activities in the Pamirs. Currently, the collection consists of 1733 accessions from 67 countries, obtained from foreign genebanks through germplasm exchange and seed requests, received from domestic and foreign breeders, and collected in numerous expeditions. Broad beans are used for food (vegetable) and feed; they are adapted to a wide range of latitudes and altitudes. A larger part of the collection is represented by fodder accessions. The main principle whereupon the collection is being augmented is the priorities of domestic breeding. The paper provides information on the botanical, environmental and geographical diversity of VIR’s broad bean collection, its level of studiedness, current research issues, and the use of the collection in the breeding process. The crop’s biological traits, characteristics of vegetable and fodder accessions, current breeding trends and source material for breeding are described. A brief analysis of the current status of broad bean breeding in Russia and VIR’s contribution to this process is presented, including the Institute’s direct involvement in the development of several cultivars of both feed and food uses. Presently, 30 broad bean cultivars are listed in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation, and 28 of them are the products of domestic breeding.
Trypsin inhibitor activity in representatives of the genus Hedysarum (Fabaceae): the polyvariance of seasonal dynamics in Southern Siberia
Authors: Zhmud E. V. , Zinner N. S. , Dorogina O. V.
Published: October 2020

Background.Trypsin-inhibiting activity (TIA) is one of the factors of plant immunity. This factor provides the presence of general non-specific systemic resistance. Representatives of the genus Hedysarum L. are promising medicinal and high-protein fodder plants with high TIA in the leaves. High TIA values in the aboveground part of plants lead to a decrease in protein assimilation by animals. Therefore, identifying the differentiation in the features of TIA seasonal dynamics will make it possible to use the potential of these species most effectively under the conditions of Southern Siberia.

Materials and methods. TIA in the leaves of mature generative plants of Hedysarum theinum Krasnob. and H. flavescens Regel & Schmalh. was analyzed. H. theinum is a rare species for Siberia; H. flavescens is a settled one in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia. The studies were conducted with H. theinum in 2010 under natural conditions (Altai Republic) and in cultivation (forest zone of Western Siberia). In 2017, H. theinum and H. flavescens were studied under cultivation in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia. The research method was based on the spectrophotometric measurement of the optical density in protein substrate (BAPA) decomposition products under the effect of trypsin (at 405 nm). Bovine trypsin manufactured by ISNBiomedical (USA) was used. BAPA (Na -benzoyl-DL-argininep-nitroanilide) served as a substrate.

Conclusions. The TIA values in the flowering phase of seasonal plant development reached their maximum only under favorable conditions: in Altai Republic for the leaves of H. theinum, and in the foreststeppe zone of Western Siberia for H. flavescens. TIA values in H. theinum did not increase during flowering in the forest zone of Western Siberia and significantly decreased in the forest steppe. In view of these findings, these two species may be recommended for practical utilization in this phase of seasonal development.
Association of morphological traits with lodging resistance in spring barley under the conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region
Authors: Zaytseva I. Yu. , Shchennikova I. N.
Published: October 2020

Background. Lodging has an extremely negative impact on barley yield: grain quality and planting properties are deteriorated, disease incidence increases, and mechanized harvesting becomes difficult, so it is important to find new sources of lodging resistance in barley and use them in crosses and breeding programs to develop non-lodging barley cultivars.

Materials and methods. Experimental work was carried out in 2018 and 2019 at Federal Agricultural Science Center of the North-East (FASC North-East), Kirov. Yield structure components and lodging resistance levels were assessed for 29 accessions from the spring barley collection. The study was based on the International COMECON List of Descriptors for the Genus Hordeum L. (subgen. Hordeum) and Methodological Guidelines for the Study and Preservation of the World Collection of Barley and Oats.

Results and conclusions. Lodging resistance was observed to have a strong correlation with yield (r = 0.72) and plant height (r = –0.60), and a medium correlation with tillering (r = 0.40) and number of nodal roots at maturation (r = 0.44). No relationship was found between lodging resistance and morphological features of the second lowest internode, which means that selection of non-lodging forms by these criteria will not be effective. Lodging-resistant accessions demonstrated higher yield, tillering, productivity, 1000 grain weight, and a longer and denser ear compared to nonresistant accessions. Accessions combining high yield with lodging resistance and a set of traits promising for breeding were identified: ‘Belgorodsky 100’, ‘Naran’ (k-30892), ‘Kazminsky’ (k-30926), ‘Shchedry’ (k-31046) (Russia); ‘Syabra’ (k-30917), ‘Raider’ (Belarus); ‘Odesssky 115’ (k-29010, Ukraine), ‘Mie’ (k-30379, Estonia), ‘Rodos’ (k-30256, Poland).
Yield components of the triticale collection material in the environments of the Middle Amur region
Authors: Zenkina K. V. , Aseeva T. A.
Published: October 2020

Background. Development of new highly adaptable triticale cultivars with high yield potential and environmental resistance to adverse factors of the Middle Amur region requires a study of the collection material. One of the priorities of such research is to identify effective sources and donors among triticale accessions according to the main yield components and economically useful traits.

Materials and methods. The material was represented by spring triticale cultivars from the collection of the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR).

Results. The following cultivars were identified as promising breeding sources: ‘AC Certa’, ‘Lana’, ‘Zolotoy Grebeshok’ and ‘Ulyana’ for their optimal yield in the Middle Amur region; ‘AC Certa’, ‘Zolotoy Grebeshok’, ‘Mykola’, ‘Korovai Kharkivsky’ and ‘Victoria’ for earliness; ‘Victoria’, ‘Rovnya’, ‘Kobzar’ (Ukraine), ‘Losinovske’, ‘Zgurivsky’ and ‘Sandio’ for plant height; ‘Lotos’, ‘Yarilo’, ‘ZG 186’, ‘Oberig Kharkivsky’, ‘Tleridal’ and ‘Sandio’ for ear length; ‘Lana’, ‘Ulyana’, ‘Lotos, ‘Yarilo’, ‘ZG 186’, ‘Pamyat Merezhko’, ‘Victoria’, ‘Kobzar’, ‘Oberig Kharkivsky’, ‘Tleridal’ and’ Sandio’ for the number of spikelets per ear; ‘AC Certa’, ‘Lana’, ‘Dagvo’, ‘Pamyat Merezhko’ and ‘Kobzar’ for the number of grains per ear; ‘Ukro’, ‘Lotos’, ‘Yarilo’, ‘Rovnya’ and ‘Kobzar’ for grain weight per ear; ‘Ukro’, ‘Skory’ and ‘Rovnya’ for grain size; ‘Ukro’, ‘Skory’ and ‘Rovnya’ protein content in grain; ‘Dagvo’, ‘Kobzar’ and ‘Sandio’ for lysine content in grain; ‘AC Certa’, ‘Lana’, ‘Skory’, ‘Lotus’, ‘Yarilo’, ‘ZG 186’, ‘Pamyat Merezhko’, ‘Victoria’, ‘Rovnya’, ‘Kobzar’, ‘Losinovske’, ‘Zgurivsky’, ‘Oberig Kharkivsky’, ‘Tleridal’ and ‘Sandio’ for resistance to lodging; ‘Lana’, ‘Pamyat Merezhko’, ‘Victoria Zgurivsky’, ‘Oberig Kharkivsky’ and ‘Tleridal’ for disease resistance.

Conclusion. The selected accessions can be used in breeding programs of the Middle Amur region and other regions of the country.
A study of the genetic diversity in the world soybean collection using microsatellite markers associated with fungal disease resistance
Authors: Zatybekov A. K. , Turuspekov Y. T. , Doszhanova B. N. , Abugalieva S. I.
Published: October 2020

Background.Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) gradually becomes one of the leading legume crops in Kazakhstan. The area under soybeans in the country has been increasing annually and requires the development of adapted cultivars with a higher yield, improved quality characters, and resistance to emerging fungal diseases. The enlargement of the crop’s gene pool also suggests the need to study and document local soybean accessions to meet the standards of the available world soybean collection by using reliable and informative types of DNA markers.

Materials and methods. In this study, the soybean collection consisting of 288 accessions from different countries, including 36 cultivars and promising lines from Kazakhstan, was studied. The molecular genetic analysis was performed using nine polymorphic SSR (simple sequence repeats) markers, seven of which (Satt244, Satt565, Satt038, Satt309, Satt371, Satt570 and Sat_308) were associated with resistance to three main fungal diseases of soybean – frogeye leaf spot, fusarium root rot, and purple seed stain.

Results. The average PIC (polymorphism information content) value of the analyzed SSR markers constituted 0.66 ± 0.07, confirming their highlevel polymorphism. The principal coordinate analysis suggested that the local accessions were genetically most close to the accessions from East Asia. As the collection showed a robust resistance to three studied fungal diseases in Almaty Region during 2018–2019, the distribution of the studied SSR markers in the population was not significantly associated with resistance to the analyzed diseases under field conditions.

Conclusion. SSR genotyping of the soybean collection helped to identify accessions that potentially possess resistance-associated alleles of fungal disease resistance genes. The data obtained can be further used for the development of DNA documentation and the breeding the promising cultivars and lines of soybean.
Caracterización de pacientes con trauma esplénico atendidos en un hospital de tercer nivel entre enero de 2000 y diciembre de 2017
Authors: Evers Gabriela , Medina Rolando , Serrano valderrama Sebastián René , Rodríguez Parra María Alejandra , Sánchez Ramirez Luis Gabriel
Published: October 2020

Introducción. Es frecuente (46 %) que la lesión esplénica se acompañe de otra lesión visceral concomitante, con una alta tasa de morbimortalidad. La evolución de las técnicas para el abordaje de estas lesiones incluye procedimientos quirúrgicos, intervencionistas y de manejo expectante. Métodos. Se trata de un estudio con cohorte única retrospectiva y observacional. Se incluyeron pacientes mayores de 13 años de edad con trauma esplénico, atendidos entre enero de 2000 y diciembre de 2017. Se describieron las características relacionadas con el proceso de atención. Resultados. Se identificaron 116 pacientes con trauma esplénico, el 85,2 % de ellos hombres, con una edad promedio de 26 años. El 75,9 % de los pacientes presentaba lesiones concomitantes; las más frecuentes fueron de diafragma (31,0 %), de hígado (17,2 %) y de riñón (11,2 %). Los mecanismos de lesión más frecuentes fueron por arma corto-punzante (29,3 %), por arma de fuego (22,4 %) y por accidentes de tránsito (22,4 %). La gravedad fue clasificada como de grado V en el 24,1 % de los pacientes y de grado I en el 23,3 %. Se practicó esplenectomía total en el 39,7 % de los pacientes y el 15,2 % fue manejado de forma conservadora. La mortalidad fue del 4,3 %, tres casos en el posoperatorio inmediato (menos de 24 horas) y dos en la primera semana posoperatoria. Discusión. El manejo conservador de las lesiones esplénicas de poca gravedad es una estrategia segura y efectiva, con una tasa de fracaso de menos del 5. El abordaje quirúrgico se reserva para lesiones de mayor gravedad y su relación con otros órganos lesionados, con una mayor morbimortalidad (63 %)
Embolia por proyectil por arma de fuego: a propósito de un caso
Authors: Zuluaga Gómez Mateo , Estrada Andrés Felipe , Rojas Maldonado María Claudia , Uribe García María Claudia
Published: October 2020

Introducción. La embolia pulmonar por herida con arma de fuego es potencialmente fatal y una complicación rara que puede presentarse en los servicios de urgencias. En los últimos años, se ha presentado una mayor incidencia por la violencia social civil (85 %) que por las guerras (15 %). Los principales síntomas de los pacientes son dolor torácico, disnea y hemoptisis por la erosión vascular y el infarto pulmonar asociado.

Caso clínico. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 18 años de edad que ingresó por múltiples heridas por proyectiles de arma de fuego, una de ellas con un proyectil alojado en la arteria pulmonar del lóbulo inferior derecho y embolia pulmonar aguda en las ramas arteriales distales al proyectil. Se optó por un tratamiento conservador y la evolución fue adecuada.

Discusión. La sintomatología de esta condición depende de la localización, la trombosis asociada, los fenómenos de isquemia y las complicaciones hemorrágicas. Entre las complicaciones de un proyectil de fuego alojado en una arteria pulmonar, están la isquemia, la trombosis, los pseudoaneurismas, la hemorragia, el derrame pleural, la insuficiencia vascular y la endocarditis. La mayoría de los pacientes deben someterse a una intervención quirúrgica cuando el proyectil se aloja en las arterias pulmonares principales o lobares y las compromete; cuando se localiza en las arterias segmentarias y subsegmentarias, tienden a presentar fístulas con el bronquio y vasoespasmo compensatorio, lo que permitiría el manejo conservador.
Técnica extraperitoneal comparada con IPOM plus: Análisis de costos evitados para optimizar el manejo de la hernia ventral por laparoscopia
Authors: Ruíz Pineda Juan Pablo , Barrios Arnold José , Vega Peña Neil Valentín , Lora Alejandro , Flórez Gloria Stella , Mendivelso Duarte Fredy Orlando
Published: October 2020

Introducción. Analizamos los costos en el reparo extraperitoneal de la hernia ventral por laparoscopia, desde la perspectiva del sistema general de salud de Colombia, con el fin de mostrar los beneficios de dicho abordaje y su impacto económico, al compararlo con la técnica más implementada, el IPOM plus. Métodos. Se realizó un análisis económico de costo-beneficio, desde la perspectiva del Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud (SGSSS) de Colombia, comparando los costos del reparo de hernia ventral con la técnica extraperitoneal, TAPP o TEP, versus el IPOM plus. Se tomaron como costos de referencia lo establecido en el manual tarifario de Instituto de Seguros Sociales. Los datos fueron analizados con Stata V.15    Resultados. Se recolectó y analizo información de 109 procedimientos; 59 del grupo extraperitoneal TAPP/TEP y 50 del grupo IPOM plus, realizados durante los años 2015 a 2018, por el grupo de pared abdominal de Clínica Colsanitas, identificando un ahorro del 69,8 % o resultados de costo-beneficio a favor del grupo extraperitoneal. Discusión. El abordaje extraperitoneal en el reparo de hernia ventral se consideró una estrategia de alto costo-beneficio para el sistema de salud, validado por la experiencia del grupo de pared abdominal de Clínica Colsanitas, al compararla con el abordaje habitual. Teniendo en cuenta que los insumos utilizados para la disección no cambian, la prótesis utilizada para cada una de las técnicas representa un costo importante a considerar, tanto para el sistema como para las instituciones de salud
Trasplante renal en paciente con pared abdominal compleja: síndrome de abdomen en ciruela pasa
Authors: Mozo Ortiz Javier , Ángel Escobar Isabel Cristina
Published: October 2020

Introducción. Se presenta un paciente con falla renal crónica secundaria a hidroureteronefrosis bilateral, con antecedente de síndrome de abdomen en ciruela pasa (prune belly), en quien se realiza trasplante renal.

El objetivo de este reporte de caso es exponer una anomalía congénita, con baja incidencia mundial y en menor proporción asociado a trasplante renal, con énfasis en la dificultad para la técnica quirúrgica dada por la hipoplasia de los músculos de la pared abdominal.

Métodos. Revisión de Historia clínica, Consentimiento Informado. Búsqueda de la literatura.

Caso clínico. En cirugía se identifica ausencia de músculos de la pared abdominal y fibrosis de las venas Iliaca externa y común derecha. Se realiza abordaje bajo técnica de Gibson contralateral, con trasplante renal sin complicaciones. Presentó adecuada evolución en seguimiento ambulatorio.

Discusión. El síndrome de abdomen en ciruela pasa (prune belly) es una anomalía congénita de baja incidencia, con pocos reportes asociados a trasplante renal. El reto quirúrgico está dado por la ausencia de músculos de la pared abdominal, que aumentan los riesgos por posibles complicaciones, como la lesión de los vasos epigástricos inferiores. Para el cierre de pared abdominal en trasplante renal, se describe en dos planos, que en este caso se realiza sobre fascia muscular y piel. Aun siendo un reto, el paciente presenta adecuada evolución postoperatoria.
Herbal decoction of Gastrodia, Uncaria, and Curcuma confers neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Wang Zhi-Han , Chen Bing-Hong , Lin Ying-Ying , Xing Jin , Wei Zi-Long , Ren Li
Published: October 2020

“Tianma” (Gastrodia) and “gouteng” (Uncaria) are both widely used to treat cerebral ischemia. At the same time, “ezhu” (Curcuma longa) or turmeric, is derived from the dried roots of C. longa. It is a polyphenol known for its anti-inflammatory effects and its promotion of blood vessel endothelial function. This study explored the neuroprotective effects of a water extract of “tianma”, “gouteng”, and “ezhu” against ischemic injury. Flow cytometry analysis showed that Gastrodia, Uncaria, and Curcuma reduced the proportion of apoptotic cells in CoCl2 induced B35 (P = 0.0027) and SH-SY5Y (P = 0.0006) cell sample relative to the respective control group. Western blot indicated that Gastrodia, Uncaria, and Curcuma upregulated the expression of Bcl-2 and inversely downregulated Bax and Caspase-3 (P< 0.001). The infarct volume observed in the Gastrodia, Uncaria, and Curcuma group was also decreased compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Immunofluorescence detection revealed a lower expression of Caspase-7 in the Gastrodia, Uncaria, and Curcuma group than in the control group, while expression was negligible in the sham group. Gastrodia, Uncaria, and Curcuma confer neuroprotective effects in CoCl2 induced B35/SH-SY5Y cells and a rat model of ischemia by way of its anti-apoptotic effects.
Attentional and neurophysiologic effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
Authors: Kim Yeong-Wook , Cui Juan-Xiu , Jin Sheng-Lan , Jee Sung-Ju , Sohn Min-Kyun
Published: October 2020

Twenty-seven healthy subjects were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 equal groups : (1) experimental group (active stimulation) and (2) control group (sham stimulation). A total of 10 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation was delivered to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex at 80% of the resting motor threshold. The reaction time of the correct response, omission error, and commission error of the auditory and visual continuous performance test scores were measured. The motor evoked potentials, resting motor threshold, short-interval intracortical inhibition, and intracortical facilitation was recorded in the right first dorsal interosseous muscle to determine motor cortex excitability. The reaction time and commission error of the auditory continuous performance test were reduced significantly after 10 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (P < 0.05). Resting motor threshold and short-interval intracortical inhibition was significantly decreased after active repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (P < 0.05), with no changes in the latency and amplitude of the motor evoked potentials and intracortical facilitation. In conclusion, high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is shown to improve the attentional function and may be simultaneously associated with changes in neurophysiological activity.
Application of robo-pigeon in ethological studies of bird flocks
Authors: Wang Hao , Wu Jin , Fang Ke , Cai Lei , Wang Lai-Shan , Dai Zhen-Dong
Published: October 2020

Birds flying collectively is a fascinating phenomenon in nature, which is central in ethological studies. Owing to the difficulty of introducing controlled variables into a natural bird flock, current animal behavior paradigms limit our understanding of collective behavior and mechanism. The recently developed technology of robo-pigeon, which allows behavior regulation over organisms through brain microstimulation, can potentially serve to design the controlled variables. However, it still poses challenges for unrestrained animals outdoors. Here we report the first application of robo-pigeon to the study of collective behavior, illustrating how intact pigeons in a flock interact with a program-controlled robo-pigeon. The controlled variable of direction manipulation introduced by the robo-pigeon may balance their preferred directional choice in the flock. Its effectivity depends on the hierarchical level to which the robo-pigeon belongs. This study suggests that direct manipulation of flight trajectories by a robo-pigeon might be a useful causal tool to study the collective behavior of bird flocks.
Antidepressant-like mechanism of honokiol in a rodent model of corticosterone-induced depression
Authors: Zhang Bo , Li Yu , Liu Miao , Duan Xiao-Hua , Hu Kai-Li , Li Li-Na , Yu Xue , Chang Hong-Sheng
Published: October 2020

Depression is closely linked to hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperactivity. Honokiol, a biphenolic lignan compound obtained from the traditional Chinese medicine Magnolia officinalis, can reduce the activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and improve depression-like behavior caused by hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperactivity. The current study investigated the specific mechanism of action of this effect. A depression model was established by repeated injections of corticosterone to study the antidepressant-like effect of honokiol and its potential mechanism. Honokiol prevented the elevated activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and the depression-like behavior induced by corticosterone. Treatment with honokiol resulted in greater glucocorticoid receptor mRNA expression, greater glucocorticoid receptor-positive expression, and a greater ratio of glucocorticoid receptor to the mineralocorticoid receptor in the hippocampus. Moreover, honokiol treatment led to lower levels of interleukin-1β in serum and the positive expression of the interleukin-1β receptor in the hippocampus. These results demonstrate that the antidepressant-like mechanism of honokiol, which has effects on inflammatory factors, may act through restoring the typical activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis by regulating the glucocorticoid receptor-mediated negative feedback mechanism and the balance between glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors.
Clathrin-independent but dynamin-dependent mechanisms mediate Ca2+-triggered endocytosis of the glutamate GluK2 receptor upon excitotoxicity
Authors: Du Jing-Jing , Yan Lu , Zhang Wei , Xu Hao , Zhu Qiu-Ju
Published: October 2020

We first explore the features of GluK2 endocytosis during kainate excitotoxicity and then explore the role of Ca2+ in the regulation of GluK2 endocytosis. The roles of Ca2+ were examined by treating cells with Ca2+ inhibitors or chelators. Surface biotinylation was used to examine the surface localization of GluK2. Immunoprecipitation followed by immunoblotting was used to identify the interaction of GluK2 with the endocytosis regulator protein-interacting with C kinase 1 and dynamin. Dynamin phosphorylation was examined by immunoblotting with the corresponding antibodies. Our results show that GluK2 internalization is blocked by inhibitors of clathrin-independent endocytosis and relies on intracellular Ca2+/calcineurin signaling. Protein-interacting with C kinase 1-GluK2 interaction is regulated by Ca2+/calcineurin signaling. Dynamin participates in the regulation of GluK2 surface localization. Also, calcineurin activation is related to dynamin function during kainate excitotoxicity. In conclusion, GluK2 receptor endocytosis is probably a clathrin-independent and dynamin-dependent process regulated by the peak Ca2+ transient. This work indicates the roles of the Ca2+ network in the regulation of GluK2 endocytosis during kainate excitotoxicity.
Anxiety-related circuitry in affective neuroscience
Authors: Cacha Lleuvelyn A. , Poznanski Roman R. , Salleh Sheikh Hussain , Latif Ahmad Zubaidi Abdul , Ariff Tengku M.
Published: October 2020

We review the neurological bases of emotions and anxiety-related behavior, integrating contributions from the medical, biological, cognitive neuroscience, and psychological sciences. In particular, we discuss recent affective neuroscience of anxiety-related neurological circuits and metabolic-neuroendocrine systems and their dynamic interaction. This interaction is a delicate process during which can render the brain more capable of reacting to anxiety in adaptive or maladaptive into the most critical deficit in emotional regulation associated with risk for psychopathological conditions. The essence of this associated risk involves the reciprocal influence between hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function, the relay nucleus within the amygdala reactivation, and the hippocampus as essential structures associated with the forebrain pathways mediating threat-induced hormones and the γ-aminobutyric acid neurotransmitter system as central to the regulation of anxiety. To understand how related emotional experience occurs on the neural level and its impact on cognition and behavior requires mapping the multi-step process of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the hormones released by each of these structures through interactions between threat-sensitive brain circuitry and the responsivity of neuroendocrine fear-system.