bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Bending Radius and Fiber-Crack Angle on Polymer Optical Fiber Loss for Potential Application in Pavement Crack Monitoring
Authors: Xing Xiangyang , Zhang Jiupeng , Wang Ling , Pei Jianzhong , Chen Xu
Published: May 2020

This paper investigates the potential of polymer optical fiber (POF) in pavement crack monitoring. Firstly, the critical radius of macrobending and microbending of POF was analyzed theoretically. Then, the relationship between the bending loss and the bending radius was established and verified by experiments, and a reasonable bending radius was recommended. Subsequently, the POF was fixed on a simulated pavement with various fiber-crack angles, and the effect of fiber-crack angles on light loss was analyzed. The results showed that the optical loss decreased exponentially with the increase of the bending radius when the bending radius was less than 8 mm, but it changed slowly when the bending radius was more than 8 mm. The output optical power value was related to the initial fiber-crack angle and the bending radius. Under the same bending radius, the optical loss became greater if the initial fiber-crack angle was smaller.
Impacts of predator–prey interaction on managing maximum sustainable yield and resilience
Authors: Pujaru Kanisha , Kar Tapan Kumar
Published: May 2020

This paper gives a broad outline of some comparative analysis of two ecological services, namely, yield and resilience of a generalist predator–prey system. Although either prey or predator species can be harvested at maximum sustainable yield (MSY) level, yet there is a trade-off between yield and resilience. When both the species are harvested simultaneously, MSY increase by changing catchabilities always increases the system resilience both in prey- and predator-oriented fishery. In particular, a prey-oriented fishery with low prey catchability gives more yield and resilience but in case of predator-oriented fishery with high predator catchability, gives more of these ecological services. Thus to get both the optimum yield and resilience, a balanced harvesting approach is needed between the prey and predator trophic levels. Throughout the analysis, we use both the analytical as well as numerical techniques.
Some asymptotic properties of SEIRS models with nonlinear incidence and random delays
Authors: Wanduku Divine , Oluyede B.O.
Published: May 2020

This paper presents the dynamics of mosquitoes and humans with general nonlinear incidence rate and multiple distributed delays for the disease. The model is a SEIRS system of delay differential equations. The normalized dimensionless version is derived; analytical techniques are applied to find conditions for deterministic extinction and permanence of disease. The BRN  R0* and  ESPR E(e–(μvT1+μT2)) are computed. Conditions for deterministic extinction and permanence are expressed in terms of R0* and E(e–(μvT1+μT2)) and applied to a P. vivax malaria scenario. Numerical results are given.
Regularly distributed randomly stopped sum, minimum, and maximum
Authors: Sprindys Jonas , Šiaulys Jonas
Published: May 2020

Let {ξ1,ξ2,...} be a sequence of independent real-valued, possibly nonidentically distributed, random variables, and let η be a nonnegative, nondegenerate at 0, and integer-valued random variable, which is independent of {ξ1,ξ2,...}. We consider conditions for {ξ1,ξ2,...} and η under which the distributions of the randomly stopped minimum, maximum, and sum are regularly varying.
Adaptive composite estimation in small domains
Authors: Čiginas Andrius
Published: May 2020

Small area estimation techniques are used in sample surveys, where direct estimates for small domains are not reliable due to small sample sizes in the domains. We estimate the domain means by generalized linear compositions of the weighted sample means and the synthetic estimators that are obtained from the regression-synthetic model of fixed effects, based on the domain level auxiliary information. In the proposed method, the number of parameters of optimal compositions is reduced to a single unknown parameter, which is further evaluated by minimizing an empirical risk function. We apply various composite and related estimators to estimate proportions of the unemployed in a simulation study, based on the Lithuanian Labor Force Survey data. Conclusions on advantages and disadvantages of the proposed compositions are obtained from this empirical comparison.
Opioid Use to Treat Migraine Headaches in Hospitalized Children and Adolescents
Authors: Masonbrink Abbey , Richardson Troy , Catley Delwyn , Miller Melissa K. , Hall Matt , Kyler Kathryn E. , Daly Ashley , Synhorst David , Connelly Mark
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVES:

Prescription of opioids to treat pediatric migraine is explicitly discouraged by treatment guidelines but persists in some clinical settings. We sought to describe rates of opioid administration in pediatric migraine hospitalizations.

METHODS:

Using data from the Pediatric Health Information System, we performed a cross-sectional study to investigate the prevalence and predictors of opioid administration for children aged 7 to 21 years who were hospitalized for migraine between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2018.

RESULTS:

There were 6632 pediatric migraine hospitalizations at 50 hospitals during the study period, of which 448 (7%) had an opioid administered during the hospitalization. There were higher adjusted odds of opioid administration in hospitalizations for non-Hispanic black (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.68; P < .001) and Hispanic (aOR, 1.54; P = .005) (reference white) race and ethnicity, among older age groups (18–21 years: aOR, 2.74; P < .001; reference, 7–10 years), and among patients with higher illness severity (aOR, 2.58; P < .001). Hospitalizations during which an opioid was administered had a longer length of stay (adjusted rate ratio, 1.48; P < .001) and higher 30-day readmission rate (aOR, 1.96; P < .001). By pediatric hospital, opioid administration ranged from 0% to 23.5% of migraine hospitalizations. Hospitals with higher opioid administration rates demonstrated higher adjusted readmission rates (P < .001) and higher adjusted rates of return emergency department visits (P = .026).

CONCLUSIONS:

Opioids continue to be used during pediatric migraine hospitalizations and are associated with longer lengths of stay and readmissions. These findings reveal important opportunities to improve adherence to migraine treatment guidelines and minimize unnecessary opioid exposure, with the potential to improve hospital discharge outcomes.
Studi Kritis Terhadap Pemahaman Fahmi Basya Terkait Dengan Ayat-Ayat Negeri Saba
Authors: Arifin Ahmad Fudoli Zaenal
Published: May 2020

Criticism is something that must be built in the scientific world. Because, in science there is no such thing as a definite truth. Criticism here to bring it in the right direction. Especially about the story of the past contained in the Qur'an. A story that is explained in it contains truth, lessons and teachings evidently undeniable for all creatures of Allah, for the happiness of the world and the hereafter. This study uses qualitative research in the form of library research, the author uses the approach of the theory of the Qur'an and Interpretation and the theory of Diltheiy thinking and interpretive writing ideas in Indonesia. Meanwhile, the collection of data by means of documentation, namely the book Indonesia Negeri Saba'by Fahmi Basya and also taken from various related sources. Furthermore, the analysis is done by reading and examining Fahmi Basya's understanding writing, which is written in his book. In summary, Fahmi Basya confirmed 14 comparative accounts of Indonesia and Yemen based on the Qur'an and 53 scientific facts which he discovered that Indonesia was the State of Saba'. Fahmi Basya's understanding is very contrary to the commentators at least caused by two problems. Finally, Fahmi Basya wants to prove that the State of Saba 'in the Qur'an in Indonesia. Based on the study of Fahmi Basya's understanding it was found that Fahmi Basya was not an expert in the field of the Qur'an and Tafsir. So, when he understands the Qur'an and reveals the results of his research in the community it needs to be reviewed. Seeing with the scientific viewpoints of the Qur'an, Fahmi Basya's interpretation seems to match his discoveries with the Qur'anic Verses. And forcing all that can be matched look for verses of the Qur'an.
The assessment clock: A model to prioritize the principles of the utility of assessment formula in emergency situations, such as the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Wadi Majed , Abdalla Mohamed Elhassan , Khalafalla Husameldin , Taha Mohamed H.
Published: May 2020

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Many concerns have been raised regarding the impact of the changes to medical education as a result of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, particularly the impact of these changes on student assessments. This paper suggests an assessment clock as a conceptual model to enable medical educators to decide which assessment method is suitable under challenging circumstances, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The assessment clock has five numbers, representing the five principles of the utility of assessment formula, which are arranged from the principle with the lowest weight (cost = 1) to the principle with the highest weight (validity = 5). The numbers are repeated in each half of the clock, and the clock is placed in the middle of two overlapping axes. The vertical axis is related to exam stakes (high or low). The low stakes condition, which represents the normal situation of running assessments at the beginning of each academic year, is placed at the top of the clock. The horizontal axis is related to the type of situation (normal or crisis). The high stakes condition is placed at the bottom of the clock. The right half of the clock represents the normal situation of planning and conducting assessments, while the left half represents an emergency situation, such as the current COVID-19 pandemic. The assessment clock offers assessment planners insights into how to determine the most important assessment principles on which they should focus during a crisis situation. Moreover, it provides practical guidance for educators to help them decide which assessment tool is suitable for use in which situation.
Financial abuse: circumstances of occurrences against older adults
Authors: Alarcon Miriam Fernanda Sanches , Paes Vanessa Porto , Damaceno Daniela Garcia , Sponchiado Viviane Boacnin Yoneda , Marin Maria José Sanches
Published: May 2020

Abstract Objective: To analyze the occurrences of financial abuse against older adults. Methods: a descriptive and retrospective cross-sectional study with a qualitative and quantitative approach was conducted through the analysis of 209 Police Reports (PR) of financial abuse against older adults, dated between October 2016 and March 2017. Data analysis was performed by content analysis in the thematic modality. Results: The profile of the victims was characterized as follows: male (50.72%), aged from 60 to 69 years old (56.6%) and living with a partner (48.33%). Financial abuse against older adults is mainly committed by strangers, in 85.6% of cases, and in 6.7% of cases by family members. The sociodemographic characteristics of most offenders were unknown. Three cores of meaning relating to the types of financial abuse were identified: appropriation and damage; exposure to fraud/extortion and theft/robbery. Conclusion: There is a need for actions aimed at preventing and protecting against the financial abuse of older adults, in order to avoid suffering and emotional, physical and social harm. In addition, further studies are needed to more effectively highlight the association of alterations during the aging process and financial violence.
GLOBAL BECAUSE A SLAVEHOLDING ORDER: AN ANALYSIS OF THE URBAN DYNAMICS OF RIO DE JANEIRO BETWEEN 1790 AND 1815
Authors: Santos Ynaê Lopes dos
Published: May 2020

Abstract Rio de Janeiro stands out as one of the few cities in the Atlantic world that have managed to bring together characteristics so particular and at the same time revealing of the global dynamics that marked the last decades of the eighteenth century and the first fifty years of the next century. On the one hand, its political centrality became evident with its elevation to the thirst for colonial power (1763), its transformation into the Court of the Lusitanian Empire (1808) and its choice as the capital of the Brazilian Empire (1822), the portion “Versailles Tropical “Of Rio de Janeiro coexisted with a city that, in the words of an English traveler, more seemed the” heart of Africa “; with blacks and blacks of different origins, performing an innumerable number of activities that yielded to Rio de Janeiro the honorable title of the largest slave city in the Americas. More than harming foreign travelers unaccustomed to everyday slavery, or creating practices of “little Africa” in its territory, the strong presence of Africans and their descendants under the aegis of slavery reveals yet another facet of Rio de Janeiro: a locus of the world, in which identities, trajectories and senses of the city were in dispute. The purpose of this paper is precisely to understand the political, economic and social dynamics that characterized Rio de Janeiro as an important center of this Afro-Atlantic world
COMÉRCIO TRANS-IMPERIAL E MONARQUISMO NO RIO DA PRATA REVOLUCIONÁRIO: MONTEVIDÉU E A PROVÍNCIA CISPLATINA (1808-1822)
Authors: Prado Fabricio
Published: May 2020

Resumo: Devido a crise de legitimidade desencadeada pela invasão napoleônica da Espanha em 1808, diferentes projetos políticos surgiram nas colônias hispano-americanas. No Rio da Plata, enquanto Buenos Aires emergiu como um pólo revolucionário, a cidade portuária de Montevidéu optou por projetos políticos monárquicos e monarquistas. Este artigo examina a relação entre o comércio trans-imperial e monarquismo no Rio da Prata, e especialmente em Montevidéu. Os projetos monárquicos no Rio da Prata estavam intimamente associados à manutenção de redes de comércio trans-imperiais e à manutenção da ordem política e econômica do período colonial. O monarquismo representava a continuidade dos princípios legais do antigo regime, proporcionava segurança e estabilidade ao comércio trans-imperial e, acima de tudo, impedia as mudanças econômicas, políticas e sociais propostas pelos projetos revolucionários. Além disso, este trabalho contribui para os debates sobre os múltiplos significados de soberania e autonomia política durante a era das revoluções na América ibérica.
What do Turkish sports sciences students know about dental trauma and mouthguards? A descriptive study
Authors: OZSİN OZLER Cansu , GÜÇİZ DOĞAN Bahar , BİLGİN Emre , DEMİRHAN Gıyasettin , ARAS Dicle , ÇETİN Ebru , ŞİMŞEK Hayrunnisa , UZAMIŞ TEKÇİÇEK Meryem
Published: May 2020

Objective: Sports-related dental-orofacial-injuries can be reduced significantly through training on primary prevention and using proper equipment before engaging in sporting activities. This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge regarding dental trauma and prevention by mouthguards among the students in the Faculty of Sport Sciences. Materials and Method: This was a descriptive study conducted at Ankara, Gazi, and Hacettepe Universities. Although intended to include all students at the faculties (N=3097), only those who were at the faculty and volunteered (28.2%) on the day the data were gathered participated. Data were gathered via a questionnaire comprising 31 questions on sociodemographic characteristics, dental trauma history, mouthguard use, and knowledge of dental trauma. Results: In total, 875 students with a mean age of 22.5±2.9 (60.3% male) participated. Of these students, 20.6% had dental trauma history, 72.0% had first aid and emergency training, and 20.9% had oral dental injuries training. Of the students, 69.5% had heard about mouthguards, although only 19.7% of these had used them. Mouthguards were mostly used in professional sports activities such as far-eastern sports and ice hockey. The average number of true answers out of ten dental trauma-related questions was 2.75±1.68 and 66.6% stated they wished to learn more about the topic. Conclusion: Results showed a lack-of-knowledge about both dental trauma and mouthguards and inadequate use of mouthguards in sports activities. Therefore, basic information about these topics should be implemented in the curriculum to instruct students before they graduate.
Maxillary sinus fungus ball: a case report
Authors: TOMRUKÇU Dilara , KÖSE Taha , DURSUN Engin
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Sinus fungus ball is a non-invasive sinus disease and the incidence of this disease has increased in recent years. The aim of this case report was to present the radiographic and clinical findings of a patient who was diagnosed with a sinus fungus ball. Case Report: A 40-years-old female patient referred to Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology department with the complaint of pain in the head and orofacial region. Any dental reason that may cause the pain was not detected, however, a foreign body at the left maxillary sinus was seen on a panoramic radiograph taken from the patient. Then, cone-beam computed tomography images were obtained. These images revealed total opacification of the left maxillary sinus with calcified areas. Due to the complaint of the patient and clinical and radiographic findings magnetic resonance images were obtained with the initial diagnosis of possible fungal sinusitis. Magnetic resonance images supported this diagnosis. Upon this, the patient was operated and histopathological examination was made. The presence of fungus compatible with the Aspergillus type was confirmed with histopathologic examination. Conclusion: Dentists must be aware of maxillary sinus fungal infections in patients with facial pain.
Vertikal çeneliğin mandibular kondil ve ramus üzerindeki biyomekanik etkilerinin ön açık kapanışı olan ve olmayan bireylerde sonlu elemanlar metodu ile incelenmesi
Authors: ALKAN Özer , AKKAYA Sevil
Published: May 2020

Amaç: Araştırmanın amacı, ortodontide özellikle yüksek açılı vakalarda uygulanan ağız dışı aygıtlardan biri olan vertikal çeneliğin temporomandibular eklem (TME) üzerindeki biyomekanik etkilerinin ön açık kapanışı olan ve olmayan bireylerde sonlu elemanlar metodu ile değerlendirilmesidir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Vertikal çeneliğin TME’de oluşturduğu stres miktar ve dağılımının belirlenmesinde ön açık kapanışı olan ve olmayan iki farklı bireye ilişkin iki ayrı üç boyutlu geometrik model oluşturuldu (Sırasıyla Model I ve Model II). Dijital görüntülerden geometrik modellerin ağ yapısı oluşturularak stres miktar ve dağılımının hesaplanması işlemi ise ABAQUS bilgisayar programı kullanılarak yapıldı.Bulgular: 5 N`luk ortopedik kuvvet uygulayan vertikal çenelik apareyinin Model I ve Model II’deki TME’de oluşturduğu stres miktar ve dağılımında farklılıklar tespit edildi. Model I ve Model II’e ait dişlerde saptanmış olan en yüksek stres miktarını mandibular kondil bölgesi izlemektedir. Model I ve Model II’deki mandibular kondil bölgesinde tespit edilen en yüksek stres miktarları sırasıyla 5.64 MPa, 1.38 MPa’dır. Model I ve Model II’e ait mandibular kondilde tespit edilen yüksek stres bölgelerinin lokalizasyonunda da farklılıklar tespit edildi. Model I’e ait mandibular kondil başında stres üst arka bölgede lokalize, Model II’de üst ön bölgede lokalize oldu.Sonuç: Klinisyenler ön açık kapanışa sahip bireylerde kullanılan standart ortopedik kuvvetlerin TME üzerindeki olası patolojik etkileri konusunda dikkatli olmalıdır.
Relational Humor and Marital Satisfaction in Married Individuals
Authors: Satıcı Begum , Deniz M. Engin
Published: May 2020

This study investigated whether married individuals’ relational humor styles were significant predictors of their marital satisfaction levels. The study was conducted with a total of 228 married participants (139 women and 89 men). The duration of marriage of the participants ranged from 1 to 46 years (M = 9.34, SD = 10.37). The data were obtained by using the Marital Life Scale and Relational Humor Inventory. The data were tested with multiple regression analysis supported by bootstrapping process. According to the regression results, self-positive and self-negative relational humor styles significantly predicted their own marital satisfaction. On the other hand self-instrumental humor did not predict marital satisfaction significantly. Otherwise, marital satisfaction was significantly predicted by partner-positive, partner-negative, and partner-instrumental humor styles. The findings obtained in the study were discussed in accordance with the related literature and suggestions were made for the following studies
Investigation of the Emotional Intelligence Levels of University Students Working Voluntarily in Special Olympics
Authors: Çelik Okan Burçak
Published: May 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate of the emotional intelligence levels of university students working voluntarily in Special Olympics. The research was designed with a descriptive survey model, one of the quantitative research methods. A total of 256 university students participated in the study. 135 students voluntarily worked in Special Olympic. 121 students didn’t serve in Special Olympic. The emotional Intelligence Scale developed by Chan (2004) and used as Turkish by Aslan and Özata (2008) was employed as a data collection tool in the study. It was determined that the research data showed normal distribution. Then, it was decided that the parametric test was used. Independent samples T-test was preferred to compare the emotional intelligence levels of working voluntarily and non-working students in Special Olympics. Likewise, a t-test was used to investigate the emotional intelligence of volunteers according to gender. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the scores of working voluntarily students were statistically higher in the emotional appraisal, positive regulation, empathic sensitivity, positive utilization sub-dimensions and general emotional intelligence scores than the non-working students in the organization. But, according to the gender variable, there was no statistically significant difference between the participants in both sub-dimensions and the whole scale. According to these results, it can be said that emotional intelligence levels of individuals who serve voluntarily in organizations for disabled people, like Special Olympics, were higher. Moreover, it can be deduced that there is no difference according to gender in the emotional intelligence levels of the participants working voluntarily in Special Olympics.
Middle School Students’ Epistemological Beliefs: Development of A Scale Based on Vignettes and Scenarios
Authors: Üztemur Servet
Published: May 2020

This study aims to develop a scale based on vignettes and scenarios to determine the epistemological beliefs of middle school students. The study group of this cross-sectional study is investigated by random sampling and consists of 257 middle school students studying in Yunusemre and Şehzadeler districts of Manisa province in western Turkey in the 2019-2020 academic year. For construct validity, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were performed respectively. The research findings revealed that the scale, which accounts for 56% of the total variance, consisted of 25 items and five dimensions. In line with reliability calculations, the alpha internal consistency coefficients for innate ability, quick learning, omniscient authority, simple knowledge, and certain knowledge dimensions were respectively calculated as .83, .77, .77, .71, and .64. The research results showed that scenarios based on vignettes support the multi-dimensional structure of epistemological beliefs. Several suggestions were also made regarding the use of vignette-based scenarios as a novel approach in identifying the epistemological beliefs of middle school students.
Special Education Candidate Teachers’ Metaphors about Social Media
Authors: BAĞCI Hakkı , ASLAN BAĞCI Özlem
Published: May 2020

Because technology is developing each day and internet is getting easier to access, the types of communication among the people also have a constant alteration. Social media being one of the leads, especially the students undergoing an education frequently use these new communication styles. Studies in this context suggest that students do not use social media only to communicate with each other but also to exchange information, cooperate and share their class materials. In this regard, the perspectives of those who will be teaching students with special needs regarding social media are important to focus on. Therefore, this inquiry aims to identify the approaches of special education candidate teachers about social media courses through metaphors. The phenomenological research design was applied in this study. Participants were chosen from the candidate teachers who studied Special Education Teaching at Sakarya University Education Faculty in 2017 and 2018. The data was collected through the forms which had expressions as “because it is … social media is like … “and content analysis was used to examine this data. The forms were filled by 87 participants and the results show that they have developed 81 different metaphors. Based on the reasons for these metaphors researchers formed 6 categories: life colour, side effect, object, dependency, necessity and waste of time. It was also observed that the perspectives of special education candidate teachers about social media courses were typically positive.
Hablar sobre el pasado: efectos de una experiencia educativa en memoria histórica
Authors: Corredor-Aristizábal Javier
Published: May 2020

Este artículo de investigación describe una experiencia educativa en memoria histórica y los efectos de dicha experiencia sobre los niveles de conocimiento histórico y las actitudes en el área. En el texto se propone que la educación en memoria histórica debe combinar el desarrollo de elementos emocionales con otros asociados al razonamiento histórico como el análisis de fuentes y la comprensión del rol de las estructuras económicas, sociales y políticas. Adicionalmente, se identifican ciertos principios pedagógicos para el diseño de intervenciones en el área: el aprendizaje auténtico, colaborativo y centrado en el estudiante, la construcción de un ambiente de sanación y el uso de herramientas digitales. Para mostrar la efectividad de esta perspectiva, una experiencia pedagógica de cinco semanas diseñada con base a estos principios fue evaluada usando como método una prueba cognitiva de selección múltiple y una escala Likert para medir actitudes. Los resultados muestran que esta intervención fue efectiva para mejorar los niveles de comprensión y actitudes en el área. En particular, se identificó un efecto significativo de la interacción entre la participación en la intervención y el cambio pre- y postest sobre los puntajes de comprensión y actitudes. Esto es, los estudiantes participantes mejoraron su comprensión y actitudes sobre la memoria histórica mientras los estudiantes que continuaron participando en sus clases tradicionales de historia no lo hicieron.
Mediación adulta de la internet: un estudio cualitativo con adolescentes costarricenses
Authors: Pérez Sánchez Rolando , Torres Fernández David
Published: May 2020

Este artículo derivado de una investigación cualitativa se dirige a caracterizar el tipo de mediación de la internet por parte de madres y docentes, y la manera como perciben dicha mediación los adolescentes costarricenses. Entre los tipos de mediación, se analiza la restrictiva, la permisiva y la activa (con sus modalidades de co-uso y mediación activa negativa o prescriptiva). Además, se estudia su relación con los tipos de uso del internet, sus riesgos y oportunidades. Se recurrió a un diseño cualitativo fenomenológico, empleando entrevistas semiestructuradas a diez duplas de jóvenes, siete docentes y seis madres de colegios públicos y privados de zonas urbanas. Las entrevistas se analizaron utilizando un análisis de contenido cualitativo de tipo reductivo. Los resultados muestran un predominio de la mediación restrictiva y prescriptiva; de igual manera se encontraron indicios de una asociación entre las habilidades digitales de los adultos y el tipo de crianza tecnológica a la que recurren.
Prácticas usadas en los colegios de Bogotá para prevenir consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y agresión por estudiantes de secundaria y media
Authors: Maldonado Darío , Salcedo Catalina , García Sandra , Molano Andrés , Blanco Carolina , Vargas Adriana
Published: May 2020

Este artículo de investigación presenta resultados de un estudio sobre las prácticas usadas por los colegios de Bogotá para enfrentar los riesgos de agresión (física y verbal) y consumo de sustancias (alcohol, cigarrillo y drogas). En la investigación se usaron datos cuantitativos de una encuesta representativa a colegios de la ciudad y datos cualitativos de grupos focales con docentes y directivos docentes. Consideramos cuatro tipos de estrategias: punitivas, normativas, pedagógicas y espaciales. Se encuentra que, para el caso de la agresión, los cuatro tipos de estrategias son usadas. Los rectores reportan un mayor uso de estrategias pedagógicas y normativas que punitivas o espaciales, pero los docentes reportan un uso muy similar de las cuatro estrategias. Los resultados cualitativos se usan para discutir alternativas de política, la clasificación de estrategias y cómo, en muchos casos, esta clasificación tiene matices.
Comparison of decision making skills and self-efficacy perception levels in adolescents in terms of gender and grade variables
Authors: SARIŞAN TUNGAÇ Aslı , YAMAN Süleyman , BAL İNCEBACAK Belgin
Published: May 2020

In this study it is aimed to reveal the relationship between secondary school students' decision-making skills in adolescence and their self-efficacy perceptions regarding science learning. The sample of the study consists of a total of 564 students from six public schools located in four city centers in the Central Black Sea Region. 251 of these students are female and 313 are male. The research was carried out with the descriptive survey model. As the data collection tools, Self-Efficacy Perception scale regarding Science Learning (SEPRSL) and the Adolescent Decision Making Scale (ADMS) are resorted to. The analysis of the data is carried out with a statistical package program. When the self-efficacy scores are examined depending on gender, it is found that the self-efficacy belief levels of female students are higher than male students, yet not significantly. Also, students have decision-making skills below the average level. When the results of the study are evaluated in general, it is determined that there is a relationship between self-efficacy perception for science learning and adolescent decision-making skills, and when evaluated in terms of gender, there is generally a difference in favor of female students. Based on these results, it can be said that it will be useful to produce and implement projects that include activities in which students will use their decision-making skills in order to increase their self-efficacy perceptions of science learning.
El videoclip social. Análisis de su narrativa y estética
Authors: Guarinos Virginia , Sedeño-Valdellos Ana
Published: May 2020

El trabajo se enfoca a realizar un análisis narrativo y formal-estético del videoclip de enfoque social mediante una muestra de diez videoclips de los últimos años. Se realiza una descripción de este formato audiovisual siguiendo una revisión de los escasos trabajos académicos que han abordado la música popular como fuente de reflexión sobre temáticas de tipo social y formas de representación de resistencia social. La metodología emplea el análisis temático, estético y la medida del ASL (Average Shot Lenght o media de duración de plano) como criterios de estudio. Los resultados apuntan a una caracterización del videoclip con temáticas sociales centrándolo en personajes, con un tipo de puesta en escena, junto a ciertos tipos de correspondencia entre ritmo de cambio visual y pulso musical.
De beneficiarios de una política cultural a subjetividades políticas: uso político de derechos y experimentación política en la Cultura Comunitaria argentina.
Authors: Gutiérrez Mariana Carla
Published: May 2020

En este artículo analizamos las identidades y procesos de subjetivación de colectivos culturales comunitarios de Córdoba, Argentina. Nos proponemos articular las contribuciones de una investigación precedente con el sentido de identidad propuesto por Hall y los desarrollos en torno a la subjetivación política de la tradición rancieriana. Consideramos que existe un proceso precario y contingente de subjetivación política que confronta con las regulaciones normativas y el orden político instituido, más allá del proceso de interpelación subjetiva que le adjudica a los sujetos colectivos un lugar determinado (como beneficiarios de política pública). Concluímos que algunos colectivos escenifican las exclusiones y desigualdades que ciertas políticas oficiales de cultura generan, y que al ponerse en relación con ese orden social y gubernamental instituido, hacen emerger una experimentación sobre otras formas de ser en común. En base a la experiencia analizada, nos enfocamos en tres dimensiones relevantes para la escenificación del desacuerdo: el vínculo con el Estado (disputando lo que se considera por cultura y cultura comunitaria), la confrontación con las maneras tradicionales de entender la participación política y la militancia territorial, y la visibilización de las desigualdades producidas por procesos de centralización geográfica.
Fukuyama, Francis (2019): Identidad. La demanda de dignidad y las políticas de resentimiento. Barcelona: Deusto
Authors: Rengifo González Juan Felipe
Published: May 2020

Crítica del ensayo “Identidad. La demanda de dignidad y las políticas de resentimiento” del politólogo estadounidense Francis Fukuyama.
Dominguez, Iñaki (2020): Macarras interseculares. Una historia de Madrid a través de sus mitos callejeros. Santa Cruz de Tenerife: Melusina
Authors: Martín Cabello Antonio
Published: May 2020

Reseña del último libro del filósofo y antropólogo Iñaki Domínguez en torno a la figura del “macarra” en la ciudad de Madrid en la última mitad del siglo XX y los primeros años del siglo XXI.
Formas de consciencia, Inteligencia Artificial y nuevos retos para la Sociología
Authors: Belzunegui-Eraso Ángel
Published: May 2020

En el presente texto se presenta la aparición de nuevas realidades sociales en concomitancia al desarrollo de determinados avances tecnocientíficos, particularmente derivados de la biotecnología, la bioingeniería y la Inteligencia Artificial. Estas nuevas realidades se concretan aquí en la emergencia de otras formas de consciencia, una de tipo robótico y otra de tipo antiespecista, que pueden dar lugar a que el género humano conviva con sujetos/objetos no humanos con el reconocimiento de determinados niveles de consciencia emocional. Este hecho plantea nuevos retos para todas las ciencias, y concretamente para la sociología al tener que incorporar nuevas dimensiones analíticas y una nueva conceptualización que amplía la ya empleada para denotar las clásicas formas de interacción social. En el artículo se apuesta por la necesidad de investigar más decididamente en el terreno de los sujetos/objetos emergentes y de las relaciones que los humanos tendrán que establecer con ellos en una sociedad basada cada vez más en las decisiones de la tecnociencia.
El estudio de la cultura contemporánea desde la perspectiva de la Sociología y los Estudios Culturales
Authors: Martín Cabello Antonio
Published: May 2020

Editorial sobre el Monográfico de Sociología de la Cultura y Estudios Culturales
Ex vivo stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) for innate lymphocytes v1
Authors: Davis Coakley John
Published: May 2020

Stimulation of PBMCs to study TH1 and TH17 Innate Lymphocytes. PBMCs were incubated in medium alone, or stimulated for 5 hours with 50 ng/ml phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and 1 μg/ml ionomycin. Wells intended for intracellular staining for IL-17A and IFN-γ were stimulated in the presence of brefeldin A to prevent cytokine release from the cells. Antibody panels with 0.2% saponin were used for intracellular staining of IL17A and IFNγ. Antibody panels with Permeabilization Buffer (Miltenyi FoxP3 Staining Buffer Set) were made for intracellular staining of RORγ(t) and T-Bet.
Ex vivo stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) for innate lymphocytes, Vaccine journal v1
Authors: Davis Coakley John
Published: May 2020

Stimulation of PBMCs to study TH1 and TH17 Innate Lymphocytes. PBMCs were incubated in medium alone, or stimulated for 5 hours with 50 ng/ml phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and 1 μg/ml ionomycin. Wells intended for intracellular staining for IL-17A and IFN-γ were stimulated in the presence of brefeldin A to prevent cytokine release from the cells. Antibody panels with 0.2% saponin were used for intracellular staining of IL17A and IFNγ. Antibody panels with Permeabilization Buffer (Miltenyi FoxP3 Staining Buffer Set) were made for intracellular staining of RORγ(t) and T-Bet.
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Preparation, Vaccine journal v1
Authors: Davis Coakley John
Published: May 2020

How to prepare PBMCs for Stimulation experiment
Improving Students’ Writing Skills through Collaborative Learning: A Case Study of Senior High School Veteran 1 of Sukoharjo
Authors: Pratiwi Veronika Unun
Published: May 2020

The research aims at improving students’ writing skills using collaborative learning at 10th-grade students of the Senior High School 1 of Veteran Sukoharjo. This research was a classroom action research. The technique used in this research consisted of planning, implementing, observing and reflecting. The research was applied in two cycles. Every cycle consisted of three meetings. In the technique of collecting data, the researcher used qualitative and quantitative techniques. The qualitative data were collected from documentation, observation and interview with teachers and some students. The quantitative data were collected from the score of the students’ pre-test ad post-test, validity and reliability. The result of the research showed that collaborative learning could improve students’ writing skills. By using collaborative learning, the students showed active and have self-confidence in the teaching-learning process. This method brought positive result. The progress of the students’ writing skills also can be seen from the result of the tests score. In the multiple-choice pre-test, the mean score of the pre-test was 59,7and improved to be 68,1in post-test 1 of cycle 1. In cycle 2, the mean score of post-tests 2 was 79,7. In the essay pre-test, the mean score of the pre-test was 61,3and improved to be 69,1in post-test 1 of cycle 1. In cycle 2, the mean score of post-tests 2 was 78,4. It could be concluded that there was a significant improvement in the students writing skills after using collaborative learning.
Discourse Markers in the Academic Writing of Arab Students of English: A Corpus-based Approach
Authors: Taweel Abeer Q.
Published: May 2020

This study aims to shed light on the discourse markers used in the academic writing of Arab students of English as a second language within the framework of corpus linguistics. By so doing, an attempt will be made to examine the use of the discourse marker expressing attitude, sequence, cause and result, addition, and comparing and contrasting. For comparison purposes, similar-sized authentic corpus will be used to examine the learners’ use, overuse, and underuse of the target markers. Moreover, the study will provide a detailed account of the possible reasons contributing to the disparity between the two corpora in terms of the use of the target markers. Results show that learners use more discourse markers than native speakers. While this is a general tendency, it still remains feasible to attribute the disparity between the two corpora to learners L1 influence where some of the overused markers spring out naturally and smoothly as they have rhetorical functions in learners’ native tongue.
Determination of the roll-off value in the air-gapped inductor of a DC-DC boost converter circuit with FEA parametric simulations
Authors: ARIKAN Pinar , BALCI Selami , BATTAL Funda
Published: May 2020

The electromagnetic behavior of the inductors used as passive circuit elements directly affects the electrical and mechanical performance of the power electronics circuits. In general, when using inductor core structures with or without airgap in the classical design process, the dynamic effects of the inductance value are not considered in the design stage. However, the inductance value may change during the operation of the circuit due to electrical and magnetic parameters of the inductor, and this change is called roll-off value of the inductance. In this study, the roll-off value has been measured graphically and numerically based on mechanical parameters (such as air-gap length) and electrical parameters (such as winding turns and DC current amplitude) for an air-gapped ferrite E core designed with FEA software. Thus, not only the inductance value calculated in the design stage but also the roll-off value during the operation of the circuit has been reported with the parametric simulation studies.
Balıkesir Florasında İstilacı Karaktere Sahip Yerli Bitki Taksonları Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: SATIL Fatih , SELVİ Selami , TUMEN Gulendam
Published: May 2020

Bu çalışmada, Balıkesir florasında yayılış gösteren istilacı karaktere sahip bitki taksonları belirlenerek, bu taksonların habitatlardaki dağılımı ve taşıdığı ekolojik riskler ortaya konulmuştur. Bu amaçla, Balıkesir ve ilçelerinde periyodik olarak gerçekleştirilen arazi çalışmalarına ek olarak bölgede daha önce tarafımızca yapılmış olan floristik gözlem ve çalışmalarda elde edilen veriler değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda; Balıkesir florasında 44 familyaya ait 172 cins ve 271 takson’un istilacı karaktere sahip bitkiler sınıfına dâhil edilebileceği görülmüştür. Bunlar içerisinde en fazla takson içeren familyalar sırasıyla; Asteraceae (45 takson, %16.6) Poaceae (38 takson, %14) ve Fabaceae (33 takson, %12.2)‘dir. En fazla takson içeren ilk üç cins ise; Trifolium L. (10 takson, %3.7), Carex L. (6 takson, %2.2) ve Juncus L. (6 takson, %2.2)’dur. Taksonların habitat tiplerine göre dağılımında ise ilk üç habitat; E1. kuru otlaklar” (136 takson, %50.2), “J1. şehir merkezleri, sürekli bina yapıları” (31 takson, %11.4), ve “E5.1 antropojenik bitki durumları” (30 takson, %11.1) şeklindedir. İnsan müdahaleleri/etkileri sonucunda ortaya çıkan boş araziler, bölgede bilinçsiz ve aşırı otlatma, çayır ve meralarda otlatmaya karşı dirençli olan bu istilacı türlerin yerleşmesine fırsat sağlamıştır. Bu durum alanın floristik yapısının değişmesine, ayrıca çayır ve mera kalitesinin düşmesi sonucunda tür zenginliğinin azalmasına neden olmuş ve tarımı olumsuz etkilemiştir. Bu nedenle bu taksonların yayılış alanları belirli periyotlarda gözlemlenmeli ve gerekli önlemler alınmalıdır. Bu amaçla, taksonlar teşhis edildikten sonra, bu konuda yetkili olan paydaşlara durumun bildirilmesi gerekir. Önemli görülen türler için acil müdahale çerçevesinde; yayılmanın önlenmesi amacıyla uygun yöntemler kullanılmalıdır.
Ética de lo público: formar para la integridad humana y profesional en el contexto de la educación superior en Colombia
Authors: Vanegas-Carvajal Edgar A. , Moreno-López Verónica , Echeverri-Rendón Pablo
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this article is to identify training strategies for an adequate teaching of ethics in higher education, in order to help overcoming the problem of corruption in Colombia. In other words, it seeks to answer the question: how to develop human and professional academic integrity in higher education, in order to help overcoming the problem of corruption in Colombia? To this end, three scenarios are proposed: 1) corruption is considered a socio-cultural and moral phenomenon with structural connotations; 2) theoretical references are drawn about the status quaestionis of ethics teaching practices in Colombia; 3) some training requirements are proposed with the aim of improving public ethics teaching practices in higher education and thus, training integral and transparent people and reducing the levels of corruption in Colombia.
Concepciones de investigación y realización académica en las ciencias sociales colombianas: los investigadores de la Universidad de Antioquia y la Universidad de los Andes
Authors: Masías-Núñez Rodolfo , Aristizábal-Botero Carlos Andrés
Published: May 2020

This research elucidates, as ideal types, conceptions about life and the social situation of the researcher. More importantly, conceptions about the value of what is called academic achievement. This is a category related to the culmination (and communication) of research processes, which has become generalized as product production. Typified conceptions deal with what a researcher is and should be, social science research and the very idea of achievement. Furthermore, they refer to how the results of academic activity are and should be valued and evaluated. It is suggested, as a finding, the coexistence of diverse conceptions about what is and what is done in the social sciences. The research was based on in-depth interviews with professors from social science programs at the University of Antioquia and the University of the Andes in Colombia.
Circuitos punitivos: limitaciones del populismo penal a partir de las prácticas de criminalización de mujeres trans y travestis en una zona roja argentina
Authors: Lascano Aramis , Vélez Joaquín
Published: May 2020

This article analyses transgender women and transvestites’ criminalization practices in a red-light district, from two investigations located in La Plata city, Argentina. In order to achieve this proposal, we apply urban and action research tools to analyze security ensembles between different state agencies and neighborhood groups, so that the ways in which such practices are legitimized and become possible can be addressed. The daily regulation of inhabited spaces allows us to visualize disputes over the forms of appropriation, and to historicize social control of the supply of sex in the public space. Under this casuistry, we question limitations of the notion of punitive populism. We propose the figure of punitive circuits to visualize the territorial specificities linked to the insecurity that moral and criminal control practices have over the red-light district, and the multiplicity of people and agencies that intervene in its course.
Crisis de soberanía y militarización de la frontera norte. La fragilidad estatal ante la amenaza de los crímenes organizados en Argentina
Authors: Frederic Sabina
Published: May 2020

The demilitarization of the State, which was one of the faces of the democratization process initiated in the 1980s, was reverted in the early twenty-first century, along with an exercise of sovereignty where the Gendarmerie and the Armed Forces would have a prominent place. The research intends to give an account of the continuity between governments of opposite political sign in the enunciation of the State’s fragility in the northern border of Argentina, where the threats associated with organized crime (drug trafficking and international terrorism) degraded the State’s sovereignty. From an ethnographic perspective of the operatives that involved the military, we show how they became guarantors of a threatened State sovereignty. We argue that the critical conceptualization of the phenomenon as militarization of internal security is limited in understanding the crisis of sovereignty in times of devastation of State protection.