bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEGLUTIÇÃO ACIDENTAL DE PRÓTESE DENTAL: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Dos Santos Danila Lorena Nunes , Campos Rinaldi Gonçalves , De Sousa Graziano Medeiros Carvalho , Da Silva Fábio Mesquita , Júnior Carlos Alberto Mendes Soares , Moreira Jonatha Matheus Mendes , Da Costa Raquel Coelho Netto
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: relatar dois casos clínicos de deglutição de prótese dentária removível. Estudo observacional, transversal,  do tipo descritivo. Métodos Trata-se de dois relatos de caso de paciente residentes em município do Estado do Maranhão que necessitam realizar a remoção do corpo estranho através de procedimento cirúrgico em Hospital de Alta complexidade. Resultados: Foi possível observar as próteses parciais removíveis com desenho e retenção inadequadas. O desenho inadequado das próteses dentárias é um fator de risco importante para a deglutição acidental. O acesso a esse tipo de serviço no Brasil ainda é limitado, o que acarreta em grande demanda de indivíduos com necessidade de reabilitação protética acumulada e pouca oferta de serviços de saúde pública nessa área. Esse fato contribui pela busca de serviços com baixo custo, o que pode impactar na qualidade das próteses confeccionadas. Conclusão: No entanto, é importante a conscientização tanto dos profissionais que confeccionam próteses quanto dos pacientes que a utilização de próteses parciais removíveis com desenho e retenção insuficientes não deve ser realizado
PERCEPÇÃO AMBIENTAL DOS MORADORES QUANTO AO JARDIM BOTÂNICO DA UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE GOIÁS COMO ÁREA VERDE, EM QUIRINÓPOLIS, GOIÁS, BRASIL
Authors: Gouveia Rochele Aparecida Cabral , Costa Marlon Lopes , De Morais Isa Lucia
Published: November 2024

In Environmental Perception is the understanding of how much and how the individual interacts, what he expects and how he uses his environment. Differences in perceptions of natural environments, their values and importance impact the protection of these environments. In this area, this research aimed to evaluate the Environmental Perception of the residents of the surroundings of the Botanical Garden of the State University of Goiás (JB) as a Green Area, in Quirinópolis, Goiás. Interviews were conducted with the residents located in front of JB, using a questionnaire with open questions. The data resulting from the interviews were compiled, transcribed and analyzed by the R program with the use of free statistical packages through the word cloud. The results of the residents' environmental perception corroborate the advantages of living close to a Green Area, including the beautification of the place, the improvement in the ambient temperature conditions, the economic appreciation of the residential property, the possibility of practicing sports and leisure in contact with nature, which increases the feeling of peace,  tranquility and well-being. The construction of the garden on the sidewalk of JB by them expanded the bond of belonging and appreciation for this Green Area. This fact is essential to ensure the perpetuation of the ecosystem functions and services provided by this natural environment in the urban environment of Quirinópolis.
EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA (EAD): REFLEXÕES CRÍTICAS E PRÁTICAS
Authors: Assunção Élida Lúcia Ferreira , Santos José Leonardo Diniz de Melo , Seabra Magno Alexon Bezerra , De Oliveira Rose Alves , Dos Anjos Danilo Nascimento , Lacerda Fabiano Madeira , Loureiro Valéria Jane Siqueira , Da Silva Antônio Veimar
Published: November 2024

Distance Education (DE) has been consolidated as a teaching modality that expands access to education and promotes social inclusion. This article explores the pedagogical foundations, technological advances, and challenges faced by distance education in Brazil, focusing on the pandemic and post-pandemic context. The research adopts a qualitative and bibliographic approach, analyzing academic productions published between 2015 and 2024. The study highlights how the evolution of digital technologies has been transformed in distance education, providing greater flexibility and personalization in learning. The analysis reveals that distance education makes it possible to serve a diverse audience, overcoming geographical and temporal barriers, but also points out significant challenges, such as the need for digital inclusion and teacher training. In addition, the central role of pedagogical innovation and the use of interactive platforms to engage students and ensure a meaningful learning experience is highlighted. The literature review also identifies gaps in the literature, such as the need for more in-depth studies on specific pedagogical practices for distance learning. It is concluded that distance education is a powerful tool to democratize knowledge, but it requires joint efforts from institutions, educators and public policies to overcome inequalities and ensure their effectiveness. This article contributes to the critical understanding of distance education and reinforces its importance as an essential teaching modality in the twenty-first century.
UMA ANÁLISE DA GESTÃO DE RESÍDUOS NOS LABORATÓRIOS DE MECÂNICA DO IFFLUMINENSE – CAMPUS MACAÉ
Authors: Rasma Sérgio Pessanha , Mendez Gabriel de Pinna , da Silva José Augusto Ferreira , dos Santos Luis Felipe Umbelino
Published: November 2024

A adequada gestão de resíduos contribui para a conservação ambiental, nesse sentido, os laboratórios das Instituições de Ensino realizam variadas atividades geradoras de resíduos que se não forem adequadamente gerenciados podem causar danos ambientais. Sendo assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo, estudar os resíduos gerados nos laboratórios de mecânica do Instituto Federal Fluminense – Campus Macaé, assim como o processo de gestão adotado, buscando diagnosticar os processos atuais de gerenciamento e sugerir melhorias que podem ser implantadas para melhor eficiência no manejo desses tipos de resíduos. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo, orientada pelas normativas que regem a área de gestão de resíduos, sendo possível identificar as atividades geradoras de resíduos, criar um inventário dos resíduos e um perfil de produção de cada laboratório. Com esses dados pôde-se apontar problemas no gerenciamento e propor melhorias nos processos de armazenamento e de documentações necessárias à correta gestão.
ABORDAGEM DIAGNÓSTICA E TERAPÊUTICA DA DOENÇA DE PARKINSON: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Mattar Aline Cristina Nicolella , Silva Ana Carolina Castagine , Sabia Sara Cristina de Faria Pereira , Bernardes Amanda Matos Martins , Farias Luís Guilherme Lima , Andrade Maria Victoria Coelho Dias , Nishimura Lívia Iguchi , Bertoluci João Marcelo Freitas , Bicalho Ruan Júnior Lopes
Published: November 2024

Objective: To report the main aspects involving Parkinson's disease, including diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Methodology: This is a systematic review focused on understanding the essential aspects of Parkinson's disease. The research was guided by the question: "What are the main aspects that permeate the evolution of Parkinson's disease, as well as what are the diagnostic resources and therapeutic approaches used in clinical practice?" To find answers, searches were performed in the PubMed database using four descriptors combined with the Boolean term "AND". This resulted in 2,069 articles, of which 23 were selected for analysis.  Results: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder involving motor and non-motor symptoms, with diagnosis and treatment that require a multidisciplinary approach. The identification of clinical subtypes, such as the early or late form, and the profiles of tremor or postural instability, help to personalize the treatment. Levodopa is the standard treatment for most patients, although long-term use can cause complications. Conclusion: The future promises advances in precision medicine, improving the management of PD.  The review highlights the need for more research to identify biomarkers, improve early diagnosis, and develop effective treatments.
Peningkatan Kompetensi Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) Dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan Dan Pemasaran Berbasis Digital Dipesisir Pantai Desa Masaingi
Authors: K. Bidin Cici Rianty , Natsir Syahrir , Adda Harnida Wahyuni , Rossanty Niluh Putu Evvy , Santi Ira Nuriya
Published: November 2024

Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) memiliki peran strategis dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia, namun masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan dalam pengembangannya. Tantangan utama yang dihadapi meliputi terbatasnya modal, manajemen yang lemah, kurangnya pemanfaatan teknologi informasi, dan lemahnya pengelolaan keuangan usaha. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi SDM pelaku UMKM di kawasan wisata Pantai Pangi, Desa Masaingi, Kecamatan Sindue Donggala, khususnya dalam aspek pengelolaan keuangan dan pemasaran digital. Pantai Pangi merupakan destinasi wisata baru yang berkembang melalui gotong royong masyarakat setempat, dengan potensi signifikan untuk pengembangan ekonomi lokal. Kegiatan dilaksanakan menggunakan pendekatan participatory rural appraisal (PRA) dengan melibatkan 20 pelaku UMKM sebagai peserta. Metode pelaksanaan mencakup tiga tahap: persiapan (koordinasi dengan stakeholders dan analisis kebutuhan), pelaksanaan (penyuluhan dan pelatihan), dan evaluasi. Materi yang disampaikan meliputi pengembangan kompetensi SDM, pengelolaan keuangan UMKM, dan strategi pemasaran digital. Program dilaksanakan melalui kombinasi penyuluhan, workshop interaktif, dan pendampingan praktis. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam pemahaman peserta, dengan kenaikan tertinggi pada aspek pemasaran digital (50%), diikuti pengelolaan keuangan (40%), dan manajemen usaha (35%). Antusiasme peserta terlihat dari partisipasi aktif dalam diskusi dan tanya jawab. Program ini menghasilkan peningkatan kapabilitas pelaku UMKM dalam mengelola usaha secara profesional, tercermin dari kemampuan pencatatan keuangan yang lebih terstruktur dan penggunaan platform digital untuk pemasaran. Keberlanjutan program didukung oleh terbentuknya komunitas pembelajaran antar pelaku UMKM dan komitmen pendampingan berkelanjutan dari tim pengabdi.
Cirugía Maxilofacial para Odontólogos: Abordajes Clínicos y Técnicas Avanzadas
Authors: Enríquez Méndez Silvana Katherine , Velasco Amagua Edwin Alejandro
Published: November 2024

La cirugía maxilofacial representa una disciplina crucial en la práctica odontológica, proporcionando soluciones quirúrgicas a patologías complejas que afectan la cavidad oral, los maxilares y estructuras faciales adyacentes. Este libro ofrece un enfoque integral y actualizado sobre los principios, técnicas y aplicaciones clínicas de la cirugía maxilofacial, diseñado específicamente para odontólogos. Se abordan temas esenciales como el manejo de las fracturas maxilofaciales, correcciones quirúrgicas de deformidades dentofaciales, y el tratamiento de patologías de tejidos blandos y duros. Además, se incluyen técnicas avanzadas en reconstrucción maxilofacial, injertos óseos, y abordajes quirúrgicos para la colocación de implantes dentales complejos.
Temas Selectos en Cirugía Plástica Tomo 1
Authors: Chasiguasin Armijos Sandra Jacqueline , Revelo Burbano Erika Liseth , Avalo Becerra Mariuxi Tatiana , Reina Vaca Domenica Jael , Enríquez Méndez Silvana Katherine
Published: November 2024

El primer volumen de Temas Selectos en Cirugía Plástica constituye una referencia esencial para profesionales de la salud interesados en los aspectos más innovadores y desafiantes de la cirugía plástica estética y reconstructiva. Este tomo presenta un enfoque integral, combinando conocimientos teóricos con aplicaciones prácticas, para proporcionar una visión clara y actualizada de esta especialidad en constante evolución. Los capítulos incluyen tópicos destacados como las técnicas avanzadas de reconstrucción postoncológica, el manejo de deformidades congénitas craneofaciales, y la reconstrucción de extremidades en casos de trauma severo.
Antidiabetic potential of isolated compounds from Cyperus sexangularis Nees: An in silico molecular docking and dynamic-based approach
Authors: Miya Gugulethu M. , Kar Pallab , Oriola Ayodeji O. , Oyedeji Adebola O.
Published: November 2024

Context: Diabetes is a metabolic and chronic inflammatory disease that affects over 537 million people worldwide, with a projected rise to 783 million cases by 2045 if not put in check. Plant-derived compounds have continued to show strong anti-hyperglycemic activities with minimal adverse effects, with many more to be explored.
Aims: To estimate the potential therapeutic tendencies of the phytochemicals isolated from the leaf extracts of Cyperus sexangularis against α-amylase and α-glucosidase proteins implicated in hyperglycemia.
Methods: In silico molecular docking, drug-likeness profiling, and molecular dynamics (MD) studies.
Results: The isolated compounds were characterized by spectroscopic means to be dodecanoic acid, ethyl nonadecanoate, ethyl stearate, β-sitosterol, and stigmasterol. The interaction of stigmasterol with the α-amylase and α-glucosidase protein displayed the binding energy score of -10.0 kcal/mol and -7.6 kcal/mol, respectively. However, the standard antidiabetic drug (acarbose) exhibited a binding energy score of -8.6 and -4.6 kcal/mol. The physicochemical characteristics of the compounds by Lipinski's rule of five and Veber's rule suggested stigmasterol and β-sitosterol as promising compounds that can further be explored against diabetes. Furthermore, at 120 ns MD simulations, the RMSD and RMSF analysis of stigmasterol-α-amylase (1), β-sitosterol-α-amylase (2), stigmasterol-α-glucosidase (3) and β-sitosterol-α-glucosidase (4) complexes showed the fewest fluctuations, indicating the conformational stability of the respective complexes.
Conclusions: Identified bioactive compounds in C. sexangularis leaf extracts, notably stigmasterol and β-sitosterol, are the best-scoring lead compounds with remarkable inhibitory properties against α-amylase and α-glucosidase digestive enzymes implicated in diabetes.
Enhancing IoT Security: A Deep Learning Approach with Feedforward Neural Network for Detecting Cyber Attacks in IoT
Authors: Arnob Arjun Kumar Bose , Jony Akinul Islam
Published: November 2024

A new era of connectedness has been ushered in by the increasing number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, which present both enormous security issues and limitless opportunities for creativity. With the use of a deep learning-powered intrusion detection system (IDS), this research aims to improve IoT security. An extensive dataset of different cyberattack kinds was used to train and test a Feedforward Neural Network (FNN) for its ability to detect intrusions using the CIC-IoT2023 dataset. The FNN achieved excellent accuracy, an F1 score, and a precision score, which are encouraging results. This shows the system's capability to differentiate between legitimate and fraudulent network traffic and illustrates its potential value in protecting IoT ecosystems. However, there are certain restrictions, such as the necessity for continuing optimization and the representativeness of the dataset. This research provides knowledge regarding the efficiency of deep learning-based IDS, which is an essential step toward strengthening IoT security. This work lays the groundwork for continued initiatives to guarantee the reliability and safety of linked IoT devices in a constantly shifting threat environment as the IoT environment develops.
A Comparative Review on Stock Market Prediction Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Pulok Sarker  , Adnan Sayed  , Abu bakar siddique  , Avijit Saha Apu  , Syeda Anika Tasnim  , Mahmud Rifath
Published: November 2024

The global financial landscape has undergone unprecedented transformations in recent decades, characterized by increased complexity, volatility, and interconnectivity. In this dynamic environment, the ability to anticipate stock market trends has become a paramount concern for investors, financial analysts, and policymakers alike. This research aims to distil insights and contribute to advanced predictive models for the dynamic global financial landscape. The exploration encompasses diverse approaches, including artificial neural networks, convolutional neural networks, LSTM, and traditional machine learning algorithms. Emphasis is placed on data pre-processing, numerical analyses, and the efficacy of LSTM models. The significance of this research lies in its synthesis of existing knowledge, offering a holistic view of methodologies and outcomes in Share Market Prediction. The model signifies a foundation for further innovation in predictive modeling, addressing real-time data challenges and dynamic market conditions. This work advances the understanding and forecasting of stock market trends.
Public Sentiment Analysis on Bullying Cases of Binus Serpong Students Using the Naive Bayes Method
Authors: Rahayu Anggelia Dwi , Ujianto Erik Iman Heri
Published: November 2024

Sentiment analysis has evolved into a vital tool for comprehending public perceptions of social issues, including bullying cases in educational settings. This research focuses on sentiment analysis of public perceptions regarding bullying cases involving students at High School Binus Serpong. The dataset used consists of 2,259 comments collected from YouTube, categorized into three sentiment types : positive, negative, and neutral. The method applied in this study is the Complement Naive Bayes algorithm and multinomial Naive Bayes integrated with TF-IDF within a classification pipeline. The analysis results indicate that the classification model achieved an accuracy of 80.47%. Specifically, the evaluation results show that negative sentiment contributes 72.2%, positive sentiment 20.7%, and neutral sentiment 0.7%. Furthermore, the evaluation results indicate that negative sentiment has a precision of 0.81, recall of 0.93, and f1-score of 0.87, positive sentiment has a precision of 0.67, recall of 0.40, and f1-score of 0.50; while neutral sentiment has a precision of 0.70, recall of 0.43, and f1-score of 0.53.
Peptides, Modern Technology for Plant Defense Response for Sustainable Green Agriculture for Increasing worldwide populations
Authors: Kamal Kamal Prasad
Published: November 2024

Peptides are short chains of amino acids that are the building blocks of chosen proteins. Peptides are a secure and efficient alternative to existing synthetic pesticides and insecticides. A constant and reasonable food supply is critical to the foundation of economic prosperity and growth in several countries. Innovations in fertilizers, pesticides, plant breeding, trait development, and improved farming methods are the main drivers of productivity and growth. India's per capita food prices are among the lowest in the world among healthcare, pharmaceuticals, animal nutrition, and plant nutrition. In current years, peptides have become widespread research targets in crop protection as antibacterial agents, immune inducers, plant growth regulators, insecticides, and herbicides due to their rich raw material sources, excellent activity, and supreme environmental compatibility. The present manuscript briefly introduces the advances in peptide research, provides an overview of peptide research in crop protection, and summarizes the utilization of peptides in crop protection and the prospects of peptides as green pesticides for agriculture and sustainable development for increasing populations.
Análisis y comparación regional sobre los proyectos de alianzas público privadas (APP) ventajas, riesgos y viabilidad en el caso ecuatoriano
Authors: Cedeño Solórzano Jorge Vinicio , Arteaga Gende Mayra
Published: November 2024

Realizar un análisis comparativo de los proyectos que involucran alianzas público – privadas en orden de extrapolarlo al caso ecuatoriano, contemplar las ventajas, las desventajas y los diferentes casos a nivel regional. Se realizó una investigación teórica en orden de recopilar y analizar diferentes bibliografías de diferentes autores y organizaciones de diferentes países de la región con el objetivo de obtener una perspectiva amplia y completa de las ventajas y desventajas de los diferentes casos regionales de la aplicación de proyectos de APP. Los resultados de la investigación y análisis nos muestran como el éxito o fracaso de los proyectos APP dependen en gran medida a los factores relacionados a la transparencia, a la fortaleza institucional, a un marco legal fuerte y a un personal altamente calificado. Se puede concluir con que la viabilidad de los proyectos APP está sujeta a muchos factores, tanto internos como externos, como cuantitativos como cualitativos, sin embargo, en el caso ecuatoriano se llega a la conclusión de que la aplicación de la modalidad de proyectos APP en su naturaleza ideal sería compleja y difícil de alcanzar, sin embargo, de lograrse se estima que tendría la capacidad de ser muy ventajosa para ambos lados.
The metric dimension of cyclic hexagonal chain honeycomb triangular mesh and pencil graphs
Authors: Raj R. Nithya , Rajan R. Sundara , Cangül İsmail Naci
Published: November 2024

The metric dimension of a graph serves a fundamental role in organizing structures of varying dimensions and establishing their foundations through diverse perspectives. Studying symmetric network characteristics like connectedness, diameter, vertex centrality, and complexity depends heavily on the distance parameter. In this article, we explore the exact value for different hexagonal networks' metric dimensions, such as cyclic hexagonal chains, triangular honeycomb mesh, and pencil graphs.
Medical Student’s Perspective on Prehospital Training
Authors: Furness Danielle
Published: November 2024

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“An Introduction to Health Research: From Idea to Publication” – Designing and Implementing a Virtual Hands-On Research Course for Healthcare Students
Authors: Cuschieri Sarah , Cuschieri Andrea
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Early exposure to medical research is essential for healthcare professionals, to shape their careers and enhancing patient care. However, students face significant obstacles, such as lack of prior knowledge and mentorship. Malta’s healthcare students lack hands-on research teaching.
Methods: To address this gap in knowledge, a tailored elective virtual research course was designed using the analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation (ADDIE) framework. Titled “An Introduction to Health Research: From Idea to Publication,” the course comprised eight weekly lectures covering theoretical and practical aspects of research. Teaching consisted of didactic teaching and problem-based learning tasks. Conducted via the University of Malta’s DegreePlus program, it allowed hands-on group work and active participation through online conferencing platforms. All students enrolled in the course completed pre- and post-course surveys, to assess whether the course affected students’ perception towards research.
Results: Most (57.14%, CI95%: 32.55 – 78.66) were in pre-clinical years, predominantly female (78.57%, CI95%: 51.68 – 93.16). 85.71% (CI95%: 58.81 – 97.24) lacked research experience or publishing opportunities. Main barriers included lack of opportunity (50.00%), time (21.40%), and training (28.60%). Post-course, significant improvements (p  <   0.05) were observed in research knowledge and confidence in conducting research. Qualitative analysis revealed that respondents expressed feelings of “empowerment through education” and appreciation for the “effective course design and delivery” of the course.
Conclusion: Engaging medical students in research during training is crucial despite challenges like limited opportunities and foundational skills. A virtual research course has significantly improved students’ confidence, knowledge, and skills in conducting research, showcasing its potential to enhance research training globally and advance healthcare delivery.
The European Foundation: A Stillborn Project in the Face of Belgian Proto- Federalism (1977-1987)
Authors: DABE Xavier
Published: November 2024

In 1977, the EC launched the project of a "European Foundation" in response to the impetus of the Tindemans Report. This project, which falls within a cultural action, quickly encountered a series of obstacles related to the participation of community institutions in a domain of competence not recognised by the treaties. After finding a European compromise, it were national problems that prevented a swift implementation of the project. Among them, the impact of state reforms and federalisation in Belgium played a role, as did the reluctance of the Dutch Senate, the latter ultimately preventing the realisation of the project after its definitive rejection in 1987. The combination of the role played by a few actors – particularly France, Denmark, the Netherlands, and the Commission – and the slow ratification process caused by domestic factors are behind a community failure that went almost unnoticed during a period of deepening European integration in the second half of the 1980s.
A Silent but Active Partner: EURATOM and The US-German Civil Nuclear Collaboration, 1958-1963
Authors: TANIGUCHI Soichi
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the history of civil nuclear cooperation between Germany and the United States from 1958 to 1963. Following its reestablishment as a sovereign state in 1955, Germany aimed to adopt nuclear technology from the US. However, this effort faced obstacles due to Germany's participation in EURATOM, which had protectionist policies driven by France. These policies imposed common tariffs on reactor parts, complicating their import from the US. In response, the German industry, supported by the government, succeeded in domestically producing American reactor components. Consequently, the German nuclear industry became more self-sufficient and less reliant on US imports. Through an analysis of this cooperation, the paper argues that Germany's pursuit of nuclear technology fostered a greater degree of independence from the United States, highlighting the interplay between national policy, European integration, and transatlantic relations.
türöffner
Authors: Storch Arvid
Published: November 2024

Gerade hat Felix Landerer seine zweite Spielzeit als künstlerischer Leiter des Tanzdepartements in Bielefeld eröffnet.
Arvid Storch hat mit ihm über seine Arbeit gesprochen
Eingriffsrecht Brandenburg
Authors: Nerlich Viktor
Published: November 2024

Die Standardmaßnahmen der Polizei in Brandenburg Die aktualisierte und ergänzte Neuauflage knüpft an die erfolgreichen Vorauflagen an. Das Lehrbuch vermittelt das notwendige Grundlagenwissen zum Eingriffsrecht Brandenburgs. Der Autor erläutert dabei die sogenannten Standardmaßnahmen, die der Polizei im Rahmen des Ersten Angriffs zur Verfügung stehen: Identitätsfeststellung Prüfung von Berechtigungsscheinen Befragung und Vernehmung Datenerhebung mittels sog. Bodycams Erkennungsdienstliche Maßnahmen Vorladung und Vorführung Sicherstellung und Beschlagnahme Durchsuchung Körperliche Untersuchung Platzverweis und Aufenthaltsverbot Wohnungsverweisung und Rückkehrverbot Freiheitsentziehende Maßnahmen Zusätzlich zu den Erläuterungen der Standardmaßnahmen enthält das Lehrbuch kompakte Ausführungen zu den jeweils betroffenen Grundrechten. Gegenstand des gefahrenabwehrrechtlichen Teils ist das Polizeigesetz des Landes Brandenburg. Bezugnahmen auf Lehrbücher oder Kommentierungen zu Polizeigesetzen anderer Länder oder des Bundes erfolgen sinngemäß. Soweit landes- bzw. bundesrechtliche Besonderheiten bestehen, wird darauf hingewiesen. Schneller lernen mit Beispielen Beispiele und Grafiken erleichtern das Verständnis der Materie. Das Werk ist praxisorientiert, es genügt aber auch wissenschaftlichen Ansprüchen und ermöglicht die vertiefte Beschäftigung mit dem Eingriffsrecht. Mit weiterführenden Hinweisen Der Verfasser verweist in den Fußnoten auf weiterführende Literatur und nimmt Stellung zu fachlichen Kontroversen. Das Lehrbuch eignet sich daher auch als Hilfsmittel für Haus- und Seminararbeiten. Für Polizeiausbildung und Polizeistudium Es unterstützt insbesondere die Auszubildenden bzw. Studierenden des mittleren und gehobenen Polizeivollzugsdienstes, ebenso wie Studierende der Rechtswissenschaften.
Perspective Chapter: The Norwegian Model of Correlation Rehabilitation – Bridging the Gap between Incarceration and Society
Authors: Gül Akkoyun Aise
Published: November 2024

This chapter delves into Norway’s correctional system, renowned for its progressive approach toward offender rehabilitation and reintegration. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the system’s key components, including humane treatment, educational and vocational training, restorative justice practices, and robust reintegration support. The findings indicate that these elements collectively contribute to Norway’s remarkably low recidivism rates and successful societal reintegration of former inmates. However, the chapter also acknowledges the challenges and limitations faced by the Norwegian justice system, including issues related to resource allocation, societal stigma, and the integration of foreign national prisoners. The study suggests potential solutions to these problems and offers recommendations for future improvements, making it a valuable resource for policymakers and practitioners in the field of criminal justice.
High-Gain Antennas for Space Applications Based on Multifaceted and Curved Reflectarrays
Authors: Imaz-Lueje Borja , Martinez-de-Rioja Daniel , Martinez-de-Rioja Eduardo , Rodriguez-Vaqueiro Yolanda , Arrebola Manuel , R. Pino Marcos , Pino
and José Antonio Encinar Antonio
Published: November 2024

Recent and upcoming space applications demand advanced high-gain antennas onboard the satellites to meet challenging specifications in terms of bandwidth or multibeam operation. Reflectarray antennas are emerging as a potential candidate for these applications due to their planar and lightweight reflecting surface, easily integrated with the satellite platform. In the recent SWOT, MARCO, and ISARA missions from NASA, reflectarrays have been integrated into the spacecraft by dividing the surface into multiple flat panels and deploying them as a single-facet aperture. However, this approach limits the bandwidth of the antenna due to the differential spatial phase delay effect. The use of conformal apertures approaching a curved profile can mitigate this effect, providing broader bandwidths and improved antenna performances. This chapter is dedicated to the comprehensive analysis and design of different non-planar aperture antennas based on reflectarrays, including multifaceted and doubly curved surfaces, engineered to exhibit electrical and mechanical performance suitable for space applications.
Microvascular Involvement in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Assessed by Nailfold Capillaroscopy: Correlations with Clinical and Biological Parameters
Authors: Caraba Alexandru , Roman Deiana , Iurciuc Stela , Nicolin Mihaela , Iurciuc Mircea
Published: November 2024

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease, mainly affecting women of childbearing age. Both macro- and microvascular involvements in SLE contribute to increased morbi-mortality associated with this disease. Microvascular involvement in SLE is found throughout the body. Multiple research methods linked to microvascular involvement were developed over time, nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) being the most used both in the clinic and in research. In recent years, NFC has been used more and more in SLE patients. The aim of this chapter is to review the main capillaroscopic abnormalities that reflect the microvascular damage in SLE patients. Normal capillaries are significantly fewer than in healthy subjects, and capillaroscopic abnormalities are identified in almost 40–50% of SLE patients, consisting of tortuosity, hemorrhages, and modified morphology. On the other hand, the NFC score is higher than in healthy subjects. Some correlations are identified between capillaroscopic abnormalities and clinical and biological parameters. Disease activity is correlated with NFC score, and, on the other hand, with the abnormal capillaries morphology and hemmorhages. Raynaud’s phenomenon is associated with dilated capillaries, while lupus nephritis with meandering capillaries. Further research is warranted in order to have a better understanding of microcirculation in SLE.
Psychological Impact of Rhinology Disorders
Authors: Ebrahim Soltani Zahra , Elahi Mohammad
Published: November 2024

Rhinology disorders, including sinusitis, rhinitis, allergic diseases, and structural problems, often go unnoticed and undertreated. Yet, these seemingly localized issues can have far-reaching effects. Over time, problems in the rhino-sinus and upper airway systems can impact the nervous system, social interactions, and psychological well-being. Patients may experience anxiety, depression, and difficulties with learning, memory, and social behavior. These hidden complications are crucial for healthcare professionals to recognize, as addressing them can significantly improve patients’ quality of life. This chapter will delve deeper into the intricate relationship between rhinology disorders and psychological impacts, exploring the possible underlying mechanisms. It will offer insights into effective management and treatment strategies, aiming to empower healthcare professionals to provide holistic care that encompasses the physical, psychological, and social aspects of their patients’ lives.
Perspective Chapter: Characterization Methods for Nanofibers
Authors: Akhavan-Mahdavi Sahar , Sadat Mirbagheri Mahnaz
Published: November 2024

Nanofibers represent a class of materials with diverse applications across fields such as materials science, biotechnology, and nanomedicine. Characterizing these materials comprehensively is essential for understanding their properties and behaviors. This chapter explores various characterization methods for nanofibers, including structural analysis using microscopy techniques, spectroscopic methods for chemical composition elucidation, mechanical testing for assessing mechanical properties, surface characterization techniques, and the integration of experimental techniques with computational modeling. By employing multimodal characterization strategies, researchers can gain insights into the structural, chemical, mechanical, and surface properties of nanofibers, enabling tailored applications in diverse fields. Continuous innovation in characterization methods is crucial to keep pace with the evolving demands of nanotechnology and unlock new insights into nanofiber behavior and potential applications.
Community Policing and the Social Media Use in Nigeria
Authors: Musa Audu Aminu
Published: November 2024

Community policing has assumed the latest bride in curbing the perception of crime and security challenges confronting humanity. This is in view of the understanding that no matter how sophisticated the institution of policing, fulfilling the police constitutional mandate of tackling crime and promotion of community safety required the robust collaboration between the police and the public, characterised by sharing intelligence information and provision of other useful forms of supports. However, what is pertinent is the democratisation of access to information through instrumentality of digital technology and social media space such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and WhatsApp. These digital resources are used to facilitate the dissemination of information, including sharing of intelligence data between the citizens and security providers. However, the emerging realities have suggested that the use of social media space is subjected to various forms of corruption and abusive practices by users such as promotion of news contents perceived to be fake, divisive, and capable of producing escalation of criminal behaviours across the nations and globally. Relying on the reviews and analysis of relevant literature, this chapter submits that although social media practices contribute enormously to the effectiveness of community policing; nevertheless, the positive impact of social media on community policing seems to have been overshadowed by various forms of corruption. It is therefore imperative that adequate trainings on social media use and its regulations be provided to critical stakeholders including the Law Enforcement Officers by governments in Nigeria and international communities without losing sight of the human rights of the users as well as entrenchment of anti-corruption policies and practices in Nigeria.
The Interplay of Pathology, Prevention and Treatment in Cardio-Metabolic Diseases
Authors: Qausain Sana , Basheeruddin Mohd , Anjankar Ashish
Published: November 2024

This chapter explores the intricate relationship between heart disorders and metabolism disorders, sometimes known as cardio-metabolic diseases. These illnesses, hypertension, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and coronary artery disease, have similar underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and risk factors. This chapter explores the epidemiology of cardio-metabolic disorders, emphasising the significant global health burden associated with these conditions as well as their rising prevalence. Insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, endothelial dysfunction, and chronic inflammation are some critical pathophysiological pathways highlighted. Cardio-metabolic diseases are linked and proceed through these processes. The genesis and management of various disorders are also examined in this chapter in light of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle variables. The risk of cardio-metabolic disorders is decreased, and preventive interventions, such as dietary and physical activity changes and weight management, manage their progression. The chapter also analyses new medicines and current pharmaceutical treatments to enhance therapeutic results and target the underlying mechanisms. New insights into potential future routes for prevention and therapy are provided by emerging research on the role of the gut microbiome, innovative biomarkers, and personalised medicine techniques. In order to enhance patient outcomes and lessen the associated healthcare burden, the chapter’s conclusion emphasises the significance of a multidisciplinary approach in the treatment of cardio-metabolic illnesses.
Perspective Chapter: Social Media and Knowledge Society – A Study on the Theory of Interpretive Determinism for Digital Content Reference
Authors: E.L. Nadir Abdallah Tani Mohammed
Published: November 2024

In the era of a knowledge society, social media have become tools for exchanging knowledge among users. It has also become the means on which the public relies for learning. Therefore, the digital environment is considered a source for teaching and learning in the field of media education. Students can also use the digital environment to complete research and other study activities, as well as to entertain themselves. Digital learning environments are used as formal virtual classes, and their capabilities have contributed to sustainable development, especially during crises, as witnessed during the COVID-19 pandemic, when digital environments were invested and harnessed for creating virtual classrooms in the educational process at all levels, but the reliance on recording deprived learning experiences of immersion. Going digital has become an obsession for users of this digital reality, which allows for moving and interacting with multiple learning sources from different locations. The month of Ramadan witnesses increased use of digital media more than any month of the year, largely due to the influence of demand on TV drama shows and advertisements. However, there remains a gap in understanding the value and interpretation ascribed to digital content provided to users during the month of Ramadan.
Clinical Significance of Reticulocytes
Authors: Kumar Sah Ashok , Srinivasa Rao Darla
Published: November 2024

Reticulocytes, immature red blood cells, are crucial for assessing erythropoiesis and bone marrow function, offering insights into various hematological conditions. This abstract highlights their clinical significance in evaluating red blood cell production, diagnosing, prognosis, and monitoring treatments. Reticulocyte counts reflect the rate of erythropoiesis in response to physiological or pathological changes, aiding in the assessment of bone marrow function and oxygen delivery capacity. Elevated reticulocyte counts indicate a compensatory response to anemia, while decreased counts suggest impaired erythropoiesis or bone marrow issues. Reticulocyte indices, such as the reticulocyte production index (RPI) and corrected reticulocyte count, provide further insights into erythropoietic dynamics, helping distinguish between hypo- and hyperproliferative conditions. These parameters are also valuable in diagnosing and managing disorders such as hemolytic anemias, bone marrow failures, and myelodysplastic syndromes, as well as in monitoring treatment efficacy. Changes in reticulocyte counts post-treatment, such as with erythropoietin therapy or blood transfusions, offer feedback on therapeutic effectiveness and guide patient care. Overall, reticulocytes are essential for diagnosing, classifying, and managing hematological conditions, improving patient outcomes and care quality.
Perspective Chapter: Eliminating Hydraulic Fracturing by Preventing Formation Damage to Natural Gas Reservoirs while Drilling
Authors: James Hughes W.
Published: November 2024

The current mindset in the upstream oil and gas industry is that unconventional reservoirs such as shales and tight gas sands need to be hydraulically fractured because they have very low permeability and are unable to produce naturally. If that premise were true, then why were shale reservoirs such as the Monterey in California and the Marcellus shale gas reservoir in New York so productive in the early 1900s, long before hydraulic fracturing was ever invented? The answer is simple, they were drilled without overbalanced mud systems that cause formation damage to both matrix and natural fractures that can provide darcy plus permeability. Tectonically induced natural fractures initially propagate perpendicular to the bedding plane of a formation. Over time, sedimentary beds with no dip can be tilted, thereby also tilting the natural fracture system within the formation so that even a vertical well is able to intersect a few natural fractures. Given the high dip of many formations, vertical wells are technically high-angle wells based on the definition of a horizontal well that is a wellbore drilled parallel to the bedding plane of a formation and not a wellbore drilled parallel to the surface of the earth.
Recent Advances in Phytochemical Research for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Achu Mosoh Dexter
Published: November 2024

Cancer is a significant global health concern, responsible for 16.8% of deaths and 22.8% of noncommunicable diseases. Currently, cancer ranks as the second leading cause of mortality, with projections indicating its rise to the top by 2060. The genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic diversity of cancer cells contributes to their increased resistance to treatment, enhanced survival, and propensity for metastasis. Conventional cancer treatments like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation often result in significant damage to healthy tissues. Phytochemicals, naturally occurring plant compounds, have gained attention as promising cancer therapies due to their anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. This chapter delves into recent advances in phytochemical research, emphasizing molecular mechanisms and innovative approaches for incorporating these compounds into cancer treatment. Additionally, it explores the challenges and opportunities of leveraging phytochemicals to bridge traditional medicine and modern oncology, offering hope for enhanced treatment outcomes and improved patient quality of life.
Optimizing Metal AM Potential through DfAM: Design, Performance, and Industrial Impact
Authors: M. Costa Jose , W. Sequeiros Elsa , Figueiredo Daniel , R. Reis Ana , F. Vieira Manuel
Published: November 2024

Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM) is a transformative approach designed explicitly to optimize designs using metal additive manufacturing (AM). Exploring core DfAM principles, the chapter highlights the advantages of geometric freedom, material selection, and aligning designs with the capabilities of specific metal AM processes. It examines advanced optimization techniques like topology optimization and lattice structures to achieve high performance on lightweight metallic components. The transformative impact of metal DfAM is shown through real-world applications encompassing aerospace, healthcare, and automotive domains. The chapter acknowledges challenges inherent in metal DfAM, such as geometric limitations, surface finish considerations, and cost implications. Finally, it emphasizes the critical role of sophisticated software tools in driving design efficiency and explores future trends in AM metallic materials, technologies, and research.
Environmental Pollutant-Based Polygenic Risk Score: A Genetic Surrogate for Environmental Pollutants Assessment
Authors: Du Mulong , Xin Junyi , Chen Silu , Wang Meilin
Published: November 2024

Accurate measurement of environmental pollutants is necessary for precision health risk assessment. However, current methods for detecting and profiling humans’ internal exposure to pollutants remain prohibitively costly, time-consuming, and energy-intensive. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs), which aggregate effects of genetic variants across the genome, have been widely applied in predicting phenotypes and could serve as genetic surrogates for traits of interest. This includes a genetic proxy relevant to environmental exposure to pollutants, facilitating disease prediction and risk evaluation. This chapter introduces a state-of-the-art technology: the environmental pollutant-based PRS (EpPRS), which harnesses the complete genetic and exposomic data. Furthermore, we have developed an adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework aimed at assessing the effects of contaminants on the risk of candidate diseases. In addition, EpPRS, as a surrogate of genetically predicted exposure, can be effectively utilized in various analyses, including causal inference, mediation analysis, and phenome-wide association studies. In conclusion, EpPRS can act as a robust proxy to assess internal pollutant exposure. The application of the EpPRS in disease risk assessment elucidates the mechanisms linking exposure and disease, thereby providing a foundation for developing strategies to control environmental pollutants.