bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuroanatomical Models of Muscle Strength and Relationship to Ambulatory Function in Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Authors: Rodriguez-Torres Rafael , Fabiano Julia , Goodwin Ashley , Rao Ashwini K. , Kinirons Stacy , De Vivo Darryl , Montes Jacqueline
Published: September 2020

Background: Individuals with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) III walk independently, but experience muscle weakness, gait impairments, and fatigue. Although SMA affects proximal more than distal muscles, the characteristic pattern of selective muscle weakness has not been explained. Two theories have been proposed: 1) location of spinal motor neurons; and 2) differences in segmental innervation. Objective: To identify neuroanatomical models that explain the selective muscle weakness in individuals with SMA and assess the relationship of these models to ambulatory function. Methods: Data from 23 ambulatory SMA participants (78.2% male), ages 10–56 years, enrolled in two clinical studies (NCT01166022, NCT02895789) were included. Strength was assessed using the Medical Research Council (MRC) score; ambulatory function was measured by distance walked on the 6-minute walk test (6 MWT). Three models were identified, and relationships assessed using Pearson correlation coefficients and linear regression. Results: All models demonstrated a positive association between strength and function, (p < 0.02). Linear regression revealed that Model 3B, consisting of muscles innervated by lower lumbar and sacral segments, explained 67% of the variability observed in 6 MWT performance (β= 0.670, p = 0.003). Conclusions: Muscles innervated by lower lumbar and sacral segments, i.e. hip extensors, hip abductors, knee flexors and ankle dorsiflexors, correlated with and predicted greater ambulatory function. The neuroanatomical patterns of muscle weakness may contribute to a better understanding of disease mechanisms and enable delivery of targeted therapies.
Sexual Dysfunction in Early-Onset Parkinson’s Disease: A Cross-Sectional, Multicenter Study
Authors: Vela-Desojo Lydia , Urso Daniele , Kurtis-Urra Monica , García-Ruiz Pedro J. , Pérez-Fernández Elia , Lopez-Valdes Eva , Posada-Rodriguez Ignacio , Ybot-Gorrin Isabel , Lopez-Manzanares Lydia , Mata Marina , Borrue Carmen , Ruiz- Huete Cristina , del Valle Maria , Martinez-Castrillo Juan Carlos
Published: September 2020

Background: Sexual dysfunction (SD) is one of the least studied non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Objectives: To assess sexual function in a cohort of patients with early-onset PD (EOPD) and compare it to a group of healthy controls. Methods: In this cross-sectional multicenter study, SD was assessed with gender-specific multi-dimensional self-reported questionnaires: The Brief Male Sexual Function Inventory (BSFI-M) and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Scores between patients and controls were compared and associations between SD and demographical and clinical variables were studied. Results: One hundred and five patients (mean age 47.35±7.8, disease duration 6 (3–11) years, UPDRS part III 17 (10–23) and 90 controls were recruited. The BSFI-M total score was lower in EOPD men than in controls, and specific items were also significantly lower, such as drive, erections, ejaculation, and satisfaction. EOPD women had lower scores than controls in total FSFI, and certain domains such as lubrication and pain. SD was present in 70.2% of patients and 52.5% of controls. Sexual satisfaction in 35.2% of patients and 81.2% of controls. By gender, male and female patients had more SD than controls but only male patients had more dissatisfaction than controls. Gender, higher depression scores and urinary dysfunction were associated with SD in multivariate analysis; and gender, UPDRS and urinary dysfunction with sexual satisfaction Conclusion: In this Spanish cohort, SD and sexual dissatisfaction was more prevalent in EOPD patients than in the general population. Gender and urinary disfunction were associated with SD and sexual dissatisfaction.
Seroprevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in women with recurrent fetal loss from the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Rehman F. , Shah M. , Ali A. , Rapisarda A.M.C. , Cianci A.
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND:

In women with a bad obstetric history (BOH), infection is an established cause of recurrent fetal loss. A common infecting agent is the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in women with recurrent fetal loss from the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

METHODS:

The study included 360 females aged 16–40 years, of which 180 had a bad obstetric history (study group) and the other 180 had no such history (control group). Blood serum samples were tested for toxoplasma IgM antibodies by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay and for toxoplasma IgG antibodies using an Immunochromatographic technique.

RESULTS:

The overall seroprevalence of toxoplasma infection in study group females was 40.6% and in control group females it was 7.2%. Specifically, IgM prevalence was 12.8% in the study group and 1.1% in the control group. IgG prevalence was 23.9% in the study group and 6.1% in the control group. IgM and IgG combined prevalence was 3.9% in the study group cases. There is a statistically significant association between BOH and seropositivity for T. gondii ( p < 0.0001, Chi square test). Various risk factors associated with T. gondii seroprevalence in study and control groups were analyzed.

CONCLUSION:

The seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis was significantly higher in women with a bad obstetric history compared to those with no such history. Associated risk factors had no significant effects on the results.
Case report of neonatal ductus venosus atresia
Authors: Baller S.-E. , Reinehr M. , Haslinger C. , Restin T. , Fauchère J.-C.
Published: September 2020

INTRODUCTION:

In the fetus, the ductus venosus (DV) connects the umbilical vein and the portal veins to the inferior vena cava in order to bypass the high-resistance hepatic vascular network. Via the Eustachian valve, the DV directs umbilical venous blood with the highest oxygen content preferentially towards the myocardium and the brain. An absence (agenesis) or a secondary obliteration of an initially normally developed DV (atresia) is associated with various shunt types and may lead to severe hydrops.

CASE REPORT:

A routine check-up of a healthy 34-year-old woman at 27 5/7 wks GA revealed a severe hydrops fetalis with pleural effusions and ascites. After birth at 28 0/7 wks GA, the bilateral pleural effusions needed drainage via thoracic drains. Arterial hypotension was initially treated with volume replacement and dopamine, later on adrenaline and hydrocortisone were added. The initial echocardiography showed normal anatomic structures and normal bi-ventricular function. Despite maximal intensive care treatment, a global respiratory and cardiovascular insufficiency developed. The girl died on fourth day of life. At autopsy, a secondary atresia of the DV was identified, and moreover a pathogenic de novo heterozygous mutation in the KRAS gene was found in the chorion biopsy probe.

DISCUSSION:

For all cases of non-haemolytic hydrops fetalis, a prenatal or postnatal sonography with Doppler examination of the venous system and of the heart should be performed. Furthermore, testing for RASopathies should be recommended especially in presence of increased nuchal translucency thickness and polyhydramnios.
Ocular and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials elicited by air-conducted, low-frequency sound
Authors: Luecke Vivien Nancy , Buchwieser Laura , zu Eulenburg Peter , Marquardt Torsten , Drexl Markus
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: Sound is not only detected by the cochlea, but also, at high intensities, by the vestibular system. Acoustic activation of the vestibular system can manifest itself in vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs). In a clinical setting, VEMPs are usually evoked with rather high-frequency sound (500 Hz and higher), despite the fact that only a fraction of saccular and utricular hair cells in the striolar region is available for high-frequency stimulation. OBJECTIVE: As a growing proportion of the population complains about low-frequency environmental noise, including reports on vestibular symptoms, the activation of the vestibular system by low-frequency sound deserves better understanding. METHODS: We recorded growth functions of oVEMPs and cVEMPs evoked with air-conducted sound at 120 Hz and below. We estimated VEMP thresholds and tested whether phase changes of the stimulus carrier result in changes of VEMP amplitude and latency. RESULTS: The VEMP response of the otholith organs to low-frequency sound is uniform and not tuned when corrected for middle ear attenuation by A-weighting the stimulus level. Different stimulus carrier phases result in phase-correlated changes of cVEMP latencies and amplitudes. CONCLUSIONS: VEMPs can be evoked with rather low-frequency sound, but high thresholds suggest that they are unlikely to be triggered by environmental sounds.
测绘新技术在地质测绘工程中的运用
Authors: 李 连涛
Published: September 2020

随着我国数字化测绘技术的不断发展,勘测技术的应用程度已经不断的加深,目前在我国的产业发展中,数字化测绘技术对于地质勘测的应用意义非常重大。数字化测绘技术凭借其成像速度快、图片质量高、测绘精准化、自动化、高效率化以及更新快的巨大优势,为我国的地质勘测提供了极大的便利,促进了我国地矿产业的不断发展。文章中介绍了数字化测绘技术在地质勘探中的重要作用和应用,也分析出数字化测绘技术在地质勘测领域的应用优势。
水工环地质灾害的问题与防治对策研究
Authors: 晁 增华 , 甘 常云 , 周 阳
Published: September 2020

伴随着我国的国民生活水平不断提高,生态环境开始呈现出越来越严重的问题,生态破坏导致水工环地质灾害频发,在一定程度上制约着社会经济的可持续发展。如何有效的平衡生态环境和社会经济发展之间的关系显得尤为重要。鉴于此,本文就水工环地质环境灾害问题和如何采取有效的水工环地质灾害防治措施保障社会经济的可持续健康发展问题进行了探讨研究,以供参考。
遥感航测技术在地图测绘中的应用
Authors: 王 娜
Published: September 2020

随着科学技术的快速发展,越来越多先进技术被应用于地图测绘中。遥感航测技术具有着可视化、高效性、高精准性等诸多特点。通过将此项技术应用于地图测绘中,不仅提升了测绘质量,也保证了地图测绘数据精准性。本文对遥感航测技术在地图测绘中的具体应用进行了相应分析。以期给相关工作者带来参考借鉴价值。
地质矿产勘查深部找矿方法的探讨
Authors: 夏 宏伟
Published: September 2020

随着中国社会的飞速发展,中国各行各业的资源利用也愈发增多,导致资源日渐匮乏,对各种社会资源和自然资源的需求量日渐增多,为了保证中国各行各业的经济可持续发展,特别是中国的地质单位,需要不断的在地质勘察中探索到更多的被利用的自然资源,所以探矿工程也成了地质勘察的重要工作之一。随着我国探矿技术的不断提高,在地质勘察的过程中能够比较准确的对不同矿区的地理环境和地质中的不同土层、不同深度的资源进行深度的研究,经过一系列的先进技术对勘察出的地质资源做进一步的研究、从而确保我国经济的可持续发展。下面就个人观点探讨下提高地质矿产勘察及找矿技术。
综合物探方法在伊朗某磁铁矿中的应用
Authors: 李 哲
Published: September 2020

高精度磁法是通过观测岩、矿石磁性差异引起磁场的变化(磁异常),进而研究地质构造或矿产资源分布规律的一种地球物理方法。激电测深法是以地下岩、矿石的电性差异为基础,观测与研究同一测点下垂直方向不同深度范围岩(矿)层电阻率及极化率的变化规律,以查明矿产资源或解决与深度有关的各类地质问题的勘查方法。磁铁矿勘查首先进行高精度磁法扫面工作,圈出高磁异常靶区。其次在圈出高磁异常靶区,利用激发极化法了解矿化体空间赋存形态,为下一步钻探工作提供物探依据。
Mental health among entrepreneurs: The benefits of consciousness
Authors: Overall Jeffrey
Published: September 2020

High enterprise failure rates, the need to pivot, and fleeting runways are contributing to mental health issues among entrepreneurs. To treat a myriad of mental health conditions, western medical practitioners are acknowledging the effectiveness of consciousness and mindfulness tools, like yoga and meditation that have been practiced by indigenous people and eastern cultures for millennia. Some entrepreneurs are starting to use consciousness practices as not only a tool to balance the mind-body connection, but they are also using them to optimize performance. Implications for practice are discussed.
Sandeep Shrestha
Authors: Shrestha Sandeep
Published: September 2020

Organizations design sustainability framework to proactively assess and manage risks, make financial decisions, and to generate positive environmental and social impact. Empirical research in developed markets show that sustainable practices enable organizations to manage global risks such as COVID-19 and perform better than competitors. This paper explains how sustainable integrated approaches can enable organizations in emerging markets to have a robust model to overcome and flourish after times of crisis, by looking at a case study in Nepal.
Leveraging Innovative Entrepreneurship in Shaping Nepal’s Agriculture Sector post-COVID-19
Authors: Paudel Sangam , Bhandari Rastraraj
Published: September 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the fragility of Nepal’s agricultural system and the urgent need to strengthen food security. This paper explores the primary constraints in Nepal’s agricultural sector and presents innovative entrepreneurial strategies and solutions to alleviate said constraints. By strategically assessing existing value chains, engaging both the public and private sector, and by re-evaluating the migrant crisis as an opportunity, the paper highlights agri-business opportunities in Nepal post-COVID-19.
When Cultures Collide: Global Cultural Intelligence in the Age of Covid-19
Authors: Patrick Clea
Published: September 2020

The first step is to consider that the “p” in pandemic means a type of passport, a passport to recovery, passport to resurgence, but a passport to a direction in which the leaders’ respective messages guide the local response.  The ‘p’ is a passport to a global new normal, yet culturally competent leaders must set the path that will not lead to further ruin. Closing borders and restricting travel to other countries and states to control the spread of COVID-19 are strategies that should reflect decisions made by culturally intelligent leadership. Therefore, this paper will reflect on the past successes of global collaboration, and the current medley of responses from various countries to deal with COVID-19.
Optimism Shapes Mindset
Authors: Dardick William R. , Tuckwillber Elizabeth D.
Published: September 2020

The present study investigated our hypothesis of an underlying relationship

between optimism/pessimism and implicit theories of intelligence. We

investigated the psychometric properties of optimism and mindset scales in

our sample, compared confirmatory factor analysis models of the scales,

examined the full measurement model to confirm quality measurement of the

final structural phase of investigation, and finally conducted two competing

structural equation models. We found that the direct pathway from optimism

to growth mindset was significant, and the pathway from pessimism to fixed

mindset was also significant. However, there were no significant direct effects

of optimism on fixed mindset or pessimism on growth mindset. Measurement,

research, and practice implications are discussed.
Interdisciplinary Connections:
Authors: Pauley Catlin M. , McKim Aaron J.
Published: September 2020

Agriculture, food, and/or natural resources (AFNR) content offers a tremendous context for interdisciplinary teaching and learning. Collaboration between AFNR and core content area educators has been recommended to increase interdisciplinarity in school-based AFNR Education; however, existing research lacks an empirical investigation of the relationship between interdisciplinary collaboration and outcomes associated with interdisciplinary teaching in school-based AFNR Education. Therefore, the current study explores the scope of collaboration between AFNR, leadership, mathematics, and science educators and the relationship between collaboration and interdisciplinary teaching in school-based AFNR Education. Findings indicate opportunities to initiate and strengthen interdisciplinary communities of practice through purposeful interactions, especially regarding length of interactions between AFNR and core content area educators. Recommendations for practitioners, teacher educators, and researchers are provided.
Participation in the Egyptian Pre-university Education Sector: International Organizations’ Perspectives
Authors: Rizk Ayman
Published: September 2020

This paper discusses participation in the pre-university education sector by reviewing three stakeholders: Local communities, the Boards of Trustees (BOTs) and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), their contributions to the sector, and their main challenges that prevent them from realizing more significant impacts from the perspectives of international organizations’ officials. The paper adopts a qualitative method and builds on data gathered from semi-structured interviews with twelve international organizations’ officials.

This paper suggests that the lack of community participation has a lot of interactive factors within a very complex, complicated and demotivating context. It concludes with a set of recommendations that may be considered by the government of Egypt and the ministry of education for enhancing participation within the pre-university education sector.
Innovations in economic education
Authors: Abdelhamid Mariam
Published: September 2020

Economic integration in the K-16 space is one facet of the American education system that depicts inadequacy yet potential. Mary Beth Henning alongside several educational specialists and economists illustrate how economics can be taught in a multidisciplinary manner through the mandated disciplines, such as math, reading, and history. The authors of this book demonstrate the need for students to develop an economic way of thinking through three majors themes focusing on: interdisciplinary integration of economics, blended learning, and economic educator preparation. I would highly recommend this book to K-16 educators looking to integrate economics into core academic subjects through age-appropriate and relevant examples intending to promote economic ways of thinking among students.
Interdisciplinary and Intergenerational Project, Ulisses’ Pirate:
Authors: Mendes Pedro Cabral , Leandro Cristina , Campos Francisco , Mónico Lisete , Parreira Pedro , Gomes Ricardo
Published: September 2020

The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of an interdisciplinary and intergenerational educational experience in the elderly, in teachers, students and their parents or guardians. Creative Dance and Drama Workshops were articulated with Portuguese, PE, Arts and IT subjects. A total of 20 6th graders, their parents or guardians, five teachers and 15 elders participated in the study. An analysis of 194 free evocations based in the free word association technique was performed, along with 17 semi-structured interviews. From the literary texts “Os Piratas” and “Ulisses”, an expressions-based work was proposed, where drama and movement games were explored. Evocations of the central core were of Friendship, Learning, Affection, Solidarity and Interaction. Of the 264 text units analysed, interaction with the elders was highlighted. In the teachers’ perception about the subjects and workshops involved in the project, a valorisation of IT and of Portuguese was registered. It is also relevant the amount of references to values and to the Interaction with the elders. This interdisciplinary and intergenerational project has revealed itself valuable for the integral and humanistic training of the students, having also given rise to corporeal artistic and emotional experiences relevant to their well-being.
Keywords: Interdisciplinarity; Intergenerationality; Basic Education.
Successful Global Collaborations in Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Gaskins-Scott Taya
Published: September 2020

Successful Global Collaborations in Higher Education Institutions is an insightful read. This guide is geared towards university administrators, faculty, and staff who want to join forces with other institutions and make their universities preeminent institutions of the 21st century and beyond. The guide is broken into three sections with the first section being my favorite. The first section highlights King Abdulaziz University (KAU) who is the pioneer institution that created the blueprint for global collaborations. Personally, I have never heard of this university before opening the book. However, King Abdulaziz University collaborated with other academic and research institutions which catapulted them into their success in global ranks. The first section also highlights how institutions could create a climate that will assist in creating global partnerships.
Conscientiousness and Motivator Factors
Authors: Shrestha Milan , Dangol Rita
Published: September 2020

The conscientiousness and motivator factors are the fundamental concerns of the organizational behavior among TVET school settings. Taking into an account, this study intends to assess the level and examine the influences between conscientiousness and motivator factors among TVET teachers. For these purposes, the researcher employed the post-positivist paradigm with cross-sectional survey approaches and collected information via a questionnaire from 302 TVET teachers under different clusters. Then, the information was analyzed via descriptive and inferential (e.g. correlation and regression analysis) statistics, and further discussed the obtained results by incorporating the social capital theory. This study explored the high conscientiousness and moderate level of motivator factors, and positive correlation between them among teachers. Furthermore, the increment in conscientiousness contributes to enhance the motivator factors and vice versa. The boosting of conscientiousness and motivator factors collaboratively increased the work performances and finally increases the academic achievements of the school.
An Online Doctorate for Researching Professionals
Authors: Ajayi Tolulope
Published: September 2020

An Online Doctorate for Researching Professionals was written with the view of using new perspective in expanding the horizon of PhD students in higher education. The authors considered the development of online programs to meet the needs of the working professionals. This became necessary because the traditional PhD programs in education was not enough to meet the desires of the working professionals in combining the furthering of their education and  carrying out applied research skills with continuing full-time employment. The authors presented their model that focused on an online professional doctorate program which combined theory research and practice.
The Remoteness of Remote Learning
Authors: Eder Rosalyn
Published: September 2020

The measures enforced by governments to contain the highly contagious COVID19 pathogen laid bare the deep inequalities that beset education systems around the world. The lockdowns and subsequent closures of educational institutions have amplified the gap between the rich and the poor, not just between the Global North and the Global South, but within countries as well. As of April 6th, UNESCO reported that 188 countries have temporarily closed its educational institutions, while several countries implemented localized closures, affecting 1,576,021,818 learners. Accordingly, education authorities have urged for classes at all levels to be moved online, a sudden but necessary emergency response to COVID19. However, for disadvantaged groups, the problem is how to meet the basic conditions that remote learning requires.
At the Heart of a Teacher
Authors: Koerner Mari
Published: September 2020

In a time of great crisis, teaching and lerning has become personal. This essay examines what every and any teacher's heart has to be.
Teachers Acceptance of the Use of Smartboard in Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alturki Eman Mohammed , Hashim Sulaiman , Nordin Mohamad Sahari
Published: September 2020

This study aimed to validate an extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) based on the data derived from mathematics teachers of Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia. Taking into account perceived enjoyment, anxiety, and self-efficacy in using smartboard, the study extended the original UTAUT model. It assessed the effects of these three main factors on the teachers' behavioural intention to use smartboard. The study evaluated computer training-invariant of the causal structure of the hypothesized model. The data were collected from a self-reported questionnaire administered to 150 female mathematics teachers in the Saudi intermediate public schools in Riyadh. The results of structural equation modeling supported the adequacy of the hypothesized interrelationships. Moreover, computer training groups appeared to moderate the structural relationships among the constructs of the extended model
Forging the ideal educated girl: the production of desirable subjects in Muslim South Asia.
Authors: Adenuga Taiwo
Published: September 2020

This is a book about the history of Muslim girls/women in South Asia and their difficulties in acquiring an education.
Are schools replaceable?
Authors: Narodowski Mariano , Campetella Maria Delfina
Published: September 2020

Lockdown measures and school closures due to coronavirus have forced governments, schools, and teachers to find new ways to ensure learning continuity. Initiatives differ according to the country’s level of development and the socioeconomic status of students. The situation has exposed and has amplified the relationship between wealth and richer home learning environments and is also evidencing and magnifying the digital divides between students and between schools. Simultaneously, innovation processes seem to be occurring in response to the restriction measures. The purpose of this short essay is to discuss the consequences of COVID-19 on students, pedagogy, and schools, particularly the relationship between socioeconomic conditions and possibilities of innovation in education. Based on Schumpeter’s concept of creative destruction we suggest that while some institutions may have the possibility of reconverting themselves by developing blended models of education, for a vast worldwide majority of students, traditional – face-to-face and disconnected – schools are irreplaceable.
A Look at Empathy, University Belonging, and Intersectionality: How to Support a Diverse Student Body Amid the COVID-19 Crisis
Authors: Johns Shantalea , Stephanie Hawkes
Published: September 2020

The present short essay discusses the impact COVID-19 has had on college students. As universities work to build supportive learning environments during these unprecedented times, it is important for practitioners to consider how mental health and student identity impact student success. The framework proposes that empathy, university belonging, and an intersectional approach to academic support can contribute to a student's mental health, identity, and emotional well-being as they transition back to academic life.
The COVID-19 Pandemic, Massive Online Education, and Teacher Learning
Authors: Chen Shuhua
Published: September 2020

I am one of 16.7 million Chinese teachers (Ministry of Education, 2019b) who were asked to grasp online education tools and techniques within a short period of time (in my case, two weeks). All of a sudden, preparing teachers for online education became a central concern for all school administrations in China. The following is a very personal reflection of mine on teacher learning in the background of the COVID-19 pandemic and massive online education in China.
Role of Value Creating Education and Ubuntu Philosophy in Fostering Humanism in Africa
Authors: Odari Masumi H.
Published: September 2020

Soka (value creating) education is a Japanese concept propounded by Tsunesaburo Makiguchi and further developed by Josei Toda and Daisaku Ikeda. This educational philosophy aims to foster individuals who can find meaning in their lives and contribute to the well-being of others to better society. Ubuntu, an African philosophy, espouses togetherness and collectivism. Like value creating education, Ubuntu promotes working for the good of all not solely the individual. Examining these two philosophies, this paper explored their role in promoting humanism. Focusing on the education system in Kenya, this paper investigated how the institutionalization of both philosophies can foster global citizens and realize a more humane Kenya. Furthermore, this paper illustrated the importance of educators as agents of change, aiding students to become global citizens who work towards building a more humanistic society. This paper concluded that integrating both value creating education and Ubuntu in the education system can serve as a tool to nurture individuals who will not only improve their quality of life but also contribute positively to promote a more just and prosperous world.
Reinstating the Inherent Dignity of Marginalized Communities in Ghana
Authors: Afra Boateng Anabella
Published: September 2020

When a representative democracy implicitly or explicitly undermines minority rights and prevents marginalized people from actively participating in a democratic process, it facilitates social exclusion. This paper focuses on how Ghana’s democracy, coupled with traditions, aggravate social exclusion. The research discusses the democratization process of Ghana and its role in the marginalization of minorities. Particularly, this paper looks at the class-based marginalization of women on the one hand and the sex-based marginalization of the LGBTQI+ community on the other, in Ghana. Finally, this paper explores how Soka Education, as a way of life, can support these marginalized communities in Ghana.
How Interdisciplinarians Work
Authors: Woodill Sharon , Plate Richard , Jagoda Nathan
Published: September 2020

Interdisciplinary research requires an approach different from research performed within a specific disciplinary framework. This paper reports on a study that was motivated by a perceived difference between how interdisciplinary research is done by scholars and how it is taught to students. A total of 21 semi-structured interviews were conducted with professional scholars who had presented at one of the Association for Interdisciplinary Studies recent annual conferences with the objective of exploring how professional scholars approach and perform interdisciplinary research. Three themes that arose from these interviews—1) the importance of an exploratory disposition, 2) a lack of concern for interdisciplinary boundaries, and 3) the importance of mentorship and community—have relevance in terms of how we design curriculum and educational experiences to prepare students to research complex, real-world problems that require an interdisciplinary approach.
Neuroimaging and Reading Comprehension
Authors: Perkins Kyle , Jiang Xuan
Published: September 2020

In this position paper, we advocate that advancements made in other disciplinary areas such as neurolinguistics should be included into contemporary reading comprehension courses and programs.  We present findings from neurobiology of reading that suggest explanation of certain reading behaviors: (1) the differences between reading disability and typically developing readers; (2) an inverted U-shaped function that reflects the fact that learning to read is associated with increased activation (the rising part of the inverted U) and activation decreases are associated with familiarity, experience, and expertise (the falling part of the inverted U); (3) and, the identification of reading networks.  As potential pedagogical implications of neuroimaging studies to reading, a list of sentence structures is proposed as an example to further relate reading comprehension to cognitive capacity limits.
Reading Grannies
Authors: Stewart Sandra Lilian , Modiba Maropeng
Published: September 2020

This paper reports on an intervention intended to develop literacy amongst learners in a rural, state farm school situated in Kwa-Zulu Natal (KZN), South Africa. The principal and teachers in the school invited a group of volunteers, who named themselves the “Reading Grannies” into the school to model how to read an English text. The assumption was that listening to English read by first-language (L1) speakers, would expose learners to, for example, pronunciation, tone and expression and convey meaning better. In addition, both teachers and learners who were non-primary English speakers would develop an ear for the language and this would, in turn, help teachers to improve their teaching of English.
Avaliação Imobiliária e sua Elaboração por Corretores de Imóveis para Fins de Pericia
Authors: Dantas Thiago Pereira
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo abordou a avaliação imobiliária e sua elaboração por corretores de imóveis para fins de perícia. Para tanto, foi contextualizado o que é avaliação de imóveis, os preceitos elencados pela norma ABNT série 14.653 e mais especificamente o método comparativo de dados, método evolutivo, involutivo, da renda e rural para na sequência explicar o laudo técnico e o laudo elaborado especificamente por corretores de imóveis. Como metodologia de pesquisa adotada para elucidar cada um destes tópicos foi empregada pesquisa em materiais secundários compostos por livros, materiais acadêmico científicos, publicações técnicas como da ABNT e sites de órgãos como o CRECI, que disponibilizaram a fundamentação teórica necessária para responder o objetivo do presente estudo, que era o de responder sobre qual o papel do corretor de imóveis na avaliação imobiliária e elaboração de laudo para fins de perícia.

Como resultado alcançado da pesquisa observou-se que a meta da avaliação imobiliária é estipular o valor pecuniário de um bem imóvel, e esta é uma informação que pode ser empregada para inúmeros objetivos tais como aluguel, compra e venda, garantir hipotecas entre outros que por vezes dependem de um laudo específico e, para tanto, atualmente é função garantida ao corretor de imóveis pela resolução pelo COFECI (Conselho Federal de Corretores de Imóveis) que dispôs a competência deste profissional de elaborar o PTAM (Parecer Técnico de Avaliação Mercadológica) (resolução 957/2006), ratificando que o corretor imobiliário é o correto especialista para elaborar uma avaliação de imóvel, colocando porém como condição que este possua o título de avaliador imobiliário, que esteja inscrito no Conselho Regional (CRECI) e tenha diploma superior em Gestão Imobiliária ou seja Especialista em Avaliação Imobiliária.
O estágio curricular supervisionado de observação: Tecendo reflexões e refletindo sobre esse espaço de formação
Authors: Rocha Ermita do Amaral , Silva Américo Junior Nunes da
Published: September 2020

Esse relato objetiva apresentar e refletir sobre uma experiência de observação ocorrida ao longo do Estágio Curricular Supervisionado I, durante o segundo semestre de 2019, em uma turma de 8º ano do Ensino Fundamental em uma escola municipal da cidade de Senhor do Bonfim – Bahia. O texto apresenta reflexões sobre o papel do estágio na formação do professor de Matemática e das experiências vivenciadas nesse período de formação, refletindo no quanto essas atividades foram importantes para a constituição da identidade docente do estagiário. Respaldamos teoricamente as discussões a partir de produções de Pimenta (1999) e Pimenta e Lima (2004), para as questões de estágio e com D’Ambrosio (1993) e Silva (2014) para a formação do professor de Matemática. Por fim, apesar das constantes dificuldades enfrentadas na realização do estágio, entendemos terem sido necessárias para que pudéssemos entender a complexidade que é o processo de formação, ensino e aprendizagem de Matemática.
Victim Identification, Framing Heuristic and Stress Effects on the Donation Decision
Authors: TOMRİS KÜÇÜN Nihan , GÜNGÖR Sezen
Published: September 2020

The tendency of an individual to share his beings with other people arises from the social aspect of human nature. Especially in today's conditions where the gap between advantageous and disadvantaged groups is getting deeper, donation is extremely important to reach a global level of welfare and to create fair living standards for all. Due to the stated priorities, donation behavior has an important place among both religious and moral values. However, the factors that lead an individual towards donation behavior are not only social rules. In addition to external factors, important internal factors such as emotions also play a big role in the donation decision. In addition, there are many variables such as the donated thing itself, total assets of the donor and indeed the characteristics of the donor. Donation behavior, which is widely examined in the literature, is also considered as an important decision making subject.

In our study, the effects that motivate an individual towards a donation; along with the donation amount and the ratio of donation, were examined with framing heuristics which express the individual's knowledge of the victim. The mentioned variables were associated with stress as one of the strongest negative arousal output, to understand the emotional aspect of a donation decision. The stress levels of the participants, who manipulated by two different scenarios, were monitored with galvanic skin response to determine the decision-making scenarios which triggered stress. As a result; it has been found that the individual's effort to gain the money he donates and the features of the donation call significantly affect the decision.
Reseña de Pavón (2019) Psicología crítica
Authors: Mendoza Olguín Lucero
Published: September 2020

Reseña de Pavón, David (2019). Psicología crítica. Definición, antecedentes, historia y actualidad. Ciudad de México: Ítaca.
Levels and Determinants of Complementary Feeding Pattern Exclusive of Minimum Meal Frequency and Dietary Diversity among Children of 6 to 23 Months in Bangladesh
Authors: Pervin Naznin , Macer Darryl , Lasker Shamima P.
Published: September 2020

Objective: To estimate the level of complementary feeding pattern (CFP) among children aged between 6 to 23 months and to identify the determinants in individual, household and community level in Bangladesh. Methods: From secondary data of Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey (BDHS) 2011 was used in this study. A total of 2,373 children aged between 6 to 23 months were selected. To estimate the level of CFP dimension index and the “score of the index” was used as dependent variables. Statistical analyses and tests were guided by the nature of the variables. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the significant determinants of CFP. Results: The overall level of CFP among children aged between 6 to 23 months was low. More than 95% of the children experienced inadequate (92.7%) CFP level. The mean levels of CFP as well as percentages of no or inadequate (94.1%) CFP were significantly lower among children of the youngest age group (06 months), uneducated parents, unemployed/laborer fathers, socio-economically poor families, food insecure families and rural areas. However, only few variables remained significant for adequate CFP in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Adequate CFP was significantly lower among the children aged between 6 to 23 months (OR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.10-0.47), children of illiterate fathers (OR: 0.32, 95% CI: 0.11-0.95) and socio-economically middle-class families (OR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.09-0.86) as compared to their reference categories. Conclusion: Inappropriate and inadequate CFP may cause serious health hazards among children of 6 to 23 months in Bangladesh. It is ethical to take effective interventions and strategies by the government and other concerned stakeholders to improve the overall situation of CFP in Bangladesh.
SINERGISITAS PERAN DAN TANGGUNG JAWAB ADVOKAT DAN NEGARA DALAM PEMBERIAN BANTUAN HUKUM CUMA-CUMA
Authors: Taufik Ade Irawan
Published: September 2020

Dalam mewujudkan prinsip-prinsip negara hukum, advokat diwajibkan memberikan bantuan hukum bagi orang atau kelompok miskin, namun pada kenyataanya kewajiban advokat dalam memberikan bantuan hukum cuma-cuma terdapat banyak kendala dalam prakteknya, oleh karena itu diperlukan campur tangan negara. Permasalahannya adalah bagaimana konsepsi bantuan hukum yang selama ini terjadi dan bagaimana sinergisitas arah bantuan hukum yang berpihak pada masyarakat miskin dan bagaimana sinergisitas peran negara dan advokat dalam pemberian bantuan hukum cuma-cuma bagi orang atau kelompok miskin. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dapat disimpulkan bahwa konsepsi bantuan hukum yang terjadi selama ini yang bersifat individual dan konvensional dengan pengaturan yang bersifat parsial dan tidak tersistem sehingga membawa pada suatu kondisi belum terwujudnya suatu perubahan sosial yang berkeadilan dan kesadaran hukum masyarakat serta mudahnya akses untuk mendapatkan keadilan tersebut. Peran negara hadir dalam membentuk regulasi dalam bentuk UU Bantuan Hukum 2011, yang memberikan suatu konsep baru bantuan hukum. Keberadaan UU Bantuan Hukum semakin menguatkan peran advokat dalam memberikan bantuan cuma- cuma, sehingga peran dan kewajiban advokat yang diatur dalam UU Advokat 2003 dapat bersinergi dengan peran negara dalam menyelenggarakan bantuan hukum sebagaimana diatur dalam UU Bantuan Hukum 2011.

In realizing the principles of the rule of law, advocates were oblige to provide legal assistance to people or the poor, however the liability of advocates in giving free legal aid encounter many obstacles in practices, therefore, the intervention of state were required. The problem is the conception of legal aid that occurs and how is the synergy between advocates and states in giving a free legal aid and pro-poor legal aid. By using the normative research method, it can be concluded that legal aid conception occurred during thistime is individualized and conventional with partial and unsystemized se ƫ ng lead to a condition of unestablished just social change and public awareness as well as easy access to justice. The Role of states presents by establishing the regulation in form of Legal Aid Act 2011, which provides a new concept of legal aid. The existence of Legal Aid Act strengthens the role of advocates in providing free assistance, so that the roles and responsibili ties set out in the Advocate Act 2003 can be synergized with the role of the state in legal aid as set out in the Legal Aid Act 2011.
BANTUAN HUKUM MELALUI MEKANISME NONLITIGASI SEBAGAI SALURAN PENGUATAN PERADILAN INFORMAL BAGI MASYARAKAT ADAT
Authors: Muhlizi Arfan Faiz
Published: September 2020

Kemampuan negara dalam menyediakan akses atas keadilan secara cepat dan murah bagi masyarakat masih menghadapi berbagai kendala, mulai dari terbatasnya jangkauan aparat negara, hingga terjadinya judicial corruption. Oleh karena itu perlu mencari alternatif lain dalam rangka mendapatkan akses keadilan. Salah satu alternatif tersebut adalah penguatan mekanisme non formal melalui peradilan informal dengan berbagai variannya seperti mediasi dan peradilan adat. Penyelesaian sengketa melalui mekanisme non formal ini selaras dengan keberadaan Undang-Undang (UU) No. 16 Tahun 2011 tentang Bantuan Hukum, yang memberikan ruang bagi kemungkinan bantuan hukum melalui mekanisme nonlitigasi. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis empiris dan mengacu pada model collaborative approach atau hybrid justice sistem agar dapat memberikan jaminan kepastian hukum maka terlihat bahwa UU Bantuan Hukum juga mendorong pembenahan dan pembaharuan administrasi dan manajemen peradilan adat agar mekanisme koordinasi dengan lembaga formal dalam rangka memberikan bantuan hukum ini dapat berjalan lebih lancar. Pemerintah masih perlu mendorong agar organisasi bantuan hukum (OBH) memberikan prioritas bantuan hukum terhadap kasus-kasus yang diselesaikan melalui peradilan informal, khususnya peradilan adat agar tidak terjadi penumpukan perkara di peradilan formal.

State capabilities in providing access to justice rapidly and cheaply to peoples still faces various obstacles, begin from limited reach of civil servant until judicial corruption happened. Therefore it is necessary to fi nd other alternatives in order to obtain access of justice. The one of it is strengthening mechanism through informal justice with variety of variant such as mediation and adat court. Dispute resolution through non formal mechanism in line with existence the law number 16 year 2011 on legal aid which provides space for the possibility of legal aid through non litigation mechanism. By using empirical and juridical approach refers to the collaborative approach or a hybrid justice system in order to provide legal certainty then it looks that the law on legal assistance encouraging improvement and renewal of adat court in order to provide legal aid runs smoothly. The government still necessary to encourage legal aid institution gives priority to legal aid of cases resolved by informal justice, especially of adat justice in order to avoid the buildup of cases in formal justice.
PEMAKZULAN PRESIDEN REPUBLIK INDONESIA PASCA AMANDEMEN UUD 1945
Authors: Kristiyanto Eko Noer
Published: September 2020

Dinamika ketatanegaraan yang secara nyata menunjukkan korelasi antara dimensi hukum dan politik adalah proses pemberhentian presiden sebagai kepala negara. UUD 1945 hasil amandemen telah memuat secara khusus ketentuan- ketentuan mengenai pemberhentian presiden sebagai kepala negara, hal ini tentunya sangat baik dan jika kita mengacu kepada prinsip negara hukum yang dicita-citakan. Tulisan ini menjelaskan bahwa pengaturan mengenai pemakzulan dalam konstitusi adalah hal yang tepat dan sangat sesuai dengan prinsip negara hukum dan demokrasi, dan merupakan konsekuensi logis ketika kita ingin mewujudkan suatu pemerintahan yang stabil sesuai dengan praktik sistem pemerintahan presidensial. Diharapkan pemakzulan presiden yang hanya didasarkan alasan politis seperti terjadi dimasa lalu tidak akan terulang lagi. Meski demikian, aspek substansi dan mekanisme terkait pemakzulan yang kini sudah jauh lebih baik dengan pengaturan yang lebih jelas dan lengkap itu, kiranya tetap perlu terus dikaji secara dialektika akademis, utamanya terkait mengenai peran dari MPR dalam putusan akhir proses pemakzulan. Karena dalam suatu negara hukum, maka putusan terkuat, yang bersifat akhir dan mengikat adalah putusan hukum, yang dalam proses pemakzulan dikeluarkan oleh proses peradilan hukum di Mahkamah Konstitusi.
The dynamic of constitutional that clearly shows the correlation between the legal and the political dimension is the impeachment of the president as head of state. Amendments of Indonesia constitution have specifically contain provisions regarding impeachment of the president as head of state, it is certainly very good and if we refer to the principle of state of law. This paper explains that the regulation of impeachment in the constitution is the right thing and is in accordance with the rule of law and democracy, and is the logical consequence when we want to realize a stable government in accordance with the practice of presidential system. Expected presidential impeachment based solely political reasons such as occurred in the past will not be repeated again. However, aspects of the substance and impeachment mechanism better, would still need to be studied in the dialectic of academic, primarily related to the role of the People’s Consultative Assembly (MPR) in the final decision process of impeachment. Because in a state of law, the judicial decision shall be final and binding.