bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organoids: Three-Dimensional ‘blobs’ that are Reshaping the Future of Medicine
Authors: Qian Pek Nicole Min
Published: September 2021

Over the past decade, new advancements in stem cell and three-dimensional cell culture technologies have reignited interests in organoid research. The unassuming ‘blobs’ of cells made to mimic organs are revolutionizing human medicine. By utilizing stem cells such as human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), a wide variety of organoids can be generated in the lab. hPSC-derived organoids have proven to be powerful tools to model complex human diseases including but not limited to developmental disorders, degenerative diseases, infectious diseases, metabolic diseases, and cancers. Due to their complexities and multi-cellularity, these organoids can better recapitulate sophisticated disease phenotypes when compared to monolayered cells. Diseased organoids can then be easily expanded in vitro for drug discovery or high-throughput therapeutic screening. Organoid transplantation is also currently explored in the field of regenerative medicine. Researchers are now looking towards the generation of ‘next-gen’ organoids that reflect even higher degrees of organ complexities to achieve greater levels of cellular maturity and functionality while still maintaining its relatively simple form. Organoids, undoubtedly, hold tremendous promise in helping us understand and treat a wide array of human diseases.
„Üdv a fedélzeten” – a Budapesti Gazdasági Egyetem oktatói mentorprogramja
Authors: Dósa Katalin , Tóth Katalin , Sebestyén Lilla Anna
Published: September 2021

A felsőoktatásban megjelenő változásokra reagálva a Budapesti Gazdasági Egy etemen létrehoztunk egy, a belépő oktatók számára kialakított programot, amiben mentoráltszakmai mentor-oktatásfejlesztő triádok dolgoznak együtt egy teljes féléven át. Az Üdv a fedélzeten elnevezésű program kerete az EPIC-modellre, az oktatói fejlődési modellre és a mentorálási szakirodalomra épít, elemei pedig nemzetközi gy akorlati példák helyi kontextusba való átültetésével kerültek kialakításra. A program háttere, szerkezete és eddigi tapasztalataink bemutatása után megfogalmazunk a magy ar felsőoktatás számára megfontolandó tanulságokat, kijelölünk fontos kihívásokat, és kitérünk jövőbeni terveinkre is.
Kollégák és növendékek szeretett mestere és társa: dr. Sallai Éva
Authors: Kolosai Nedda , Schlichter-Takács Anett , Fűzi Beatrix , Falus Iván
Published: September 2021

ÚJÍTÓ volt. Elkötelezettsége, sokoldalú szakmai képzettsége, integratív pedagógiai-pszichológiai szemlélete tette lehetővé, hogy a pályaszocializáció hangsúlyossá vált a pedagógusképzésben. Kezdeményezésére jött létre a Mentálhigiénés Hallgatói csoport az egyetemen. 2000-től kapcsolódott be a Magyar Videotréning Egyesület munkájába, majd  elindította a módszer iskolai adaptációját Magyarországon.

PEDAGÓGUS volt (nagybetűvel). Emberi kapcsolatai nem korlátozódtak a szakmai támogatásra, a konzulensi teendők ellátására, a kollegiális együttlétre. Szakmaisága és elhivatottsága példaként szolgál kollégái és tanítványai számára, akik közül sokan MESTERüknek tekintették.
Rovatszerkesztői bevezető
Authors: Fűzi Beatrix , Horváth László
Published: September 2021

Korábbi számunk Eszmecsere rovatában a mentorálás közoktatási alkalmazásának különböző lehetőségeivel foglalkoztunk. Szerzőink bemutatták iskolájuk innovatív gyakorlatát nem csak a kezdő, hanem a már hosszabb ideje pályán lévő pedagógusok mentori támogatásával kapcsolatban.

A mentorálás témaköréhez kapcsolódunk most is, ezúttal azonban a felsőoktatásban tanítókat támogató kezdeményezéseket ajánlunk Olvasóink figyelmébe. Témánk összefűzi az Eszmecsere és Műhely rovatban megjelenő írásokat, amelyek feltárják a mentorálás felsőoktatási adaptációjának lehetőségeit és indokait. Ezek közt legfontosabbként említik az oktatói gárda folyamatos pedagógus-szakmai fejlesztését, az oktatói pálya vonzóbbá tételét és az utánpótlásnevelést, valamint a színvonalas oktatói munka iránti, egyre artikuláltabb hallgatói igényeket.

Cikkeink a felmerülő nehézségekre is rávilágítanak. Milyen a fogadtatása a mentorálásnak az oktatók körében és bevonhatók-e a tanári szereppel küszködő, szakterületükön kiváló oktatók, kutatók? Hogyan lehet az egyetem működésébe beágyazni egy komplex mentorálási rendszert? Miként hat az intézmény vezetésének szemlélete, hosszú távú koncepciója a kezdeményezések kibontakozására?

Várjuk Olvasóink véleményét, reflexióit az írásokra és a felvetett kérdésekre!
PREVALENCE, PATTERNS AND PERCEPTION OF TOBACCO USE AMONG HEALTH SCIENCES UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN MALAYSIA: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Priyadarshini Ramamurthy  , Bennete Fernandes  , Avita Rath
Published: September 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and patterns of tobacco use among health sciences undergraduate students. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 students in four health sciences faculties at a private university in Kota Damansara, Selangor Malaysia. Data was collected through a self-administrated validated questionnaire, adopted and modified from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey. The survey  was administered online  using a Google Form for the participants to fill. Data was analysed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics was used to express results in percentage. Chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression was used to test the association of smoking status and demographic variables. p value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results showed that more than 90% of the respondents were aware of the harmful effects of tobacco and effects of passive smoking. About one fifth of the participants had used tobacco (19%) in our study. Out of the tobacco users, 95% had used tobacco in more than one form. The most important reasons for smoking were peer pressure (36%) and stress (35%). No significant differences were found between age,  faculty, year of study, or nationality, with the use of tobacco. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed significant gender differences in smoking with more smokers among males than females. In conclusion, about one fifth of the health science undergraduate students had  used tobacco products in our study reflecting a seemingly inappropriate portrait as compared to their future careers as health professionals. Therefore, there is an urgent need for reinforcement of education and assistance on quitting tobacco usage among the undergraduates of health science faculties.
Pendampingan Civic Entrepeneurship di Era New Normal melalui Seminar Nasional
Authors: Trihastuti Meiwatizal
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this activity is an effort made by a formal educational institution (STKIP Pasundan) as a step to prepare citizens with civic entrepreneurial competence. As one of the objects of a change in the paradigm of life in the new normal era, students are the main spear in creating a new mobility of life in accordance with the principles of civic entrepreneurship. This activity is carried out by conducting seminars through a planned procedure, namely the preparation stage by designing strategies and methods for delivering seminars. Then the implementation stage also ends with an in-depth evaluation and analysis in order to provide developments for further activities. The result of this activity is to have an impact on students' creativity and innovation by creating new opportunities in growing their competencies such as being independent, creative, brave, action-oriented, having a number of solutions and being able to create new opportunities.
International Standards of Proof at the Stage of Court Consideration of Criminal Proceedings for Infringement of Intellectual Property Rights
Authors: KOMPANETS Yevhenii
Published: September 2021

Based on the analysis of scientific works, decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, foreign and national law enforcement practice, the theoretical aspects and the practice of use of standards of proof «weighty conviction», «beyond reasonable doubt» in criminal proceedings for infringement of intellectual property rights have been studied. Based on the opinions of scholars and the positions of the courts, the problematic issues, in particular, the place of the balance of probabilities in the judicial standards of proof and criminal proceedings have been identified. Critical remarks on the existing approaches have been made and the consequences of the lack of unity of the approach to implementation of standards of proof in Ukraine have been outlined. Recognition by the Supreme Court of the permanent criteria of the standard «beyond reasonable doubt» does not secure against contradictory judgements/decisions in similar cases. Such decisions do not contribute to the principles of legal certainty and fairness; they lead to avoiding of liability by infringers, repeated infringement of intellectual property rights and introduction of counterfeit products/counterfeit content into turnover. For discussion in the scientific community and for taking into consideration by the practical workers, a number of the decisions of the Supreme Court, which could guide further implementation of judicial standards of proof on the basis of the established criteria, inner conviction and «common sense», has been proposed.
Extremity as a Factor of Professional Burnout of Employees of the National Police of Ukraine
Authors: KISIL Zoriana , KISIL Roman-Volodymyr
Published: September 2021

The article states that in the context of the formation of a modern legal system, democratization of law-enforcement institutions, proclamation of a course of maximum efficiency of the rights and freedoms of citizens protection, determines manifestation of the procedure of creation of a highly professional staff capable of effectively solving law enforcement tasks as the one of the leading priorities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine.Transformation of public administration, profound changes in the personnel structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, change in the essence, goals and functional orientation of law enforcement activities require an expansion of the scope of research on the problems of professionalization in this area. Activity is an integral part of a person’s lifestyle, an important factor in their formation and development as a member of society and the individual. Professional tasks execution, along with the maximum concentration on the positive results, can lead to side effects. One of them is professional deformation, which objectively represents not a fatal, but a really probable expense, so-called shadow side of the profession. Subjectively, it is a tribute that a person unwillingly pays for excessive specialization, unquenchable passion for activities, the maximum level of demands to himself or herself. Professional deformation can occur as a result of any activity. But most often, according to the different researches, it affects representatives of such professions that involve activities type «person-person»: teachers, actors, service workers, lawyers. This problem is highly important for law enforcement agencies because their representatives are dealing with intense deformation influence. Professional deformation as one of the complex and multisided problems of law enforcement requires a comprehensive, interdisciplinary solution of legal, managerial, psychological and other tasks. The professionalism of law enforcement personnel lags behind the growing demands of reality, so today, under the influence of a complex operational environment and criminalization of state life, the research under such problem of professionalization of personnel as the professional deformation of the employee and related problems of organization and management in the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine is becoming increasingly important.
Current Issues of Strategic Planning of Local Economic Development of Khmelnytskyi Region
Authors: KOVTUN Iryna , YURYCHYNA Iryna
Published: September 2021

Theoretical bases and practical recommendations on strategic planning of local economic development of Khmelnytskyi region are investigated. To this end, the theoretical foundations and peculiarities of the local development strategy are considered, development indicators are analysed and recommendations for improving the level of economic development of Khmelnytskyi region are provided. The essence of strategic planning as a component of the holistic system of local economic development planning is studied. The content of the concept of strategic planning is described. Recommendations are provided for improving mechanisms, such as: local targeted programs, public-private partnerships, local guarantees and social and corporate responsibility projects. It is determined that public-private partnership will allow the authorities to meet the needs of economic development through investment funds. It is proposed to take into account economic security indicators in the development strategy of the region and identify those responsible for their achievement, which will solve the problems of economic security in the future. It is proposed to apply the principle of self-sufficiency in financing the strategy, to strengthen the monitoring system in the development of the strategy, to involve qualified employees from local authorities and business in the development of the strategy. It is recommended to develop programs and projects aimed at attracting investment, supporting entrepreneurship, starting new businesses, maintaining existing businesses, developing local markets and more. The article states that the legal framework of local strategic planning is currently being formed, so in the future we can expect the emergence of a number of new documents and methodological developments that will improve the level of development of the region. Based on this, it is recommended to develop regional plans to increase the investment attractiveness of the region through the preliminary study of its investment environment.
Legal Regulation of Digitalization as a Vector for Private Law Development on the Example of Educational Relations
Authors: DAVYDOVA Nataliya , MENDZHUL Marija
Published: September 2021

The digital transformation of society and the legal regulation of informatization in the field of education are investigated. Modern information and communication technologies are an integral part of every business and entity; they are used in every field of human activity, where education is no exception. Informatization of education is a rather complex modern trend associated with the introduction into the educational process of various information tools based on microprocessors, as well as electronic products and new pedagogical technologies based on the use of information and communication technologies for learning. There are several areas of digitalization of education, each of which has already received or is waiting for legal regulation. IT technologies are at the forefront of the ongoing educational reform in Ukraine. Modern legislation of Ukraine and, in particular, the framework education law have defined the following areas of digitalization of the educational sphere: online submission of documents for admission to educational institutions; attribution of information and communication competence to key competences; involvement of information and communication technologies in the educational process in the form of activation of distance learning; expansion of teaching methodology due to the emergence of Kahoot methods and educational Hackathon; transparency and general availability of information about the activities of educational institutions on websites; benchmarking and rating of educational institutions; formation and transparency of state electronic databases on education; introduction of electronic document management, application of information-analytical system “Training”; use of the online account for students and teachers; electronic library funds; fight against academic plagiarism; online repository; the use of artificial intelligence in education. The use of information technology can improve the level of education and maintain a balance between the involvement of science and technology, on the one hand, and human resources, on the other, in the learning process. Information and communication technologies and the use of artificial intelligence in the near future will not replace in person teaching, but will significantly change the emphasis in the educational process.
Child as a Participant in Obligatory Legal Relations
Authors: SERDECHNA Iryna
Published: September 2021

It is determined that, in accordance with the provisions of civil law, the obligation is a legal relationship in which one party (debtor) is obliged to perform a certain act in favour of the second party (creditor), that is, to perform an act determined by contract or law or to refrain from a certain action, and the creditor has the right to require the debtor to fulfil its duty. The presence of a certain number of persons participating in the obligation of the entities of the obligation (creditor and debtor) is a characteristic feature of the binding legal relationship. Scientific approaches and approaches outstanding in the normative legal acts on understanding the concept of «child» have been analyzed. It is proved that in the Civil Code of Ukraine the concept of «child» is used only in some articles (part 2 of article 25, part 1 of article 35, part 3 of article 72, part 2 of article 285, part 3 of article 295, part 1.4 of article 1200 part 1 of article 1242, etc.) at the same time this category is used regarding, that is, when determining the question regarding the legal status of a conceived and unborn child, regarding the personal non-property rights of individuals, regarding the issue of compensation for harm, hereditary legal relations, etc. It is justified that civil law does not identify the concept of «child» with a person before the age of 18. The peculiarities of the child’s participation in binding legal relations, in particular in contractual and non-contractual relations, were studied. The characteristics of the child’s participation in contractual binding legal relations are defined: 1. The child is subject to contractual obligations until he or she reaches the age of 14, as he or she has the right to engage in petty domestic transactions; 2. The child may be subject to contractual obligations at the age of 14, and the scope and capacity of the child is increased; 3. The child has the same rights as other subjects of binding legal relations. 4. Obligatory legal relations involving the child arise in relation to property and personal non-property benefits; 5. Legal facts are the basis for legal relations involving the child. The legislative approach is disclosed regarding the peculiarities of the participation of the child, namely a minor and juvenile person, in non-contractual obligations, in particular in obligations for compensation for harm.
KNOW-HOW OR PATENT: CHOOSING THE OPTIMAL METHOD OF LEGAL PROTECTION
Authors: Идрисов Хусейн Вахаевич , Хакиева Малика Майрбековна
Published: September 2021

В статье проводится анализ и сравнение двух способов мер правовой охраны и защиты интеллектуальной собственности: ноу-хау и патента. Отмечаются сильные и слабые стороны рассматриваемых режимов. На основе проведенных исследований рекомендуется один из механизмов защиты интеллектуальной собственности.

The article compares and analyzes two ways to protect intellectual property: know-how and patent. The strengths and weaknesses of the regimes under consideration are noted. Based on the conducted research, we recommend one of the mechanisms for protecting your intellectual property.
ECONOMY DIGITALIZATION PROCESSES: EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE IN ENSURING NATIONAL SECURITY
Authors: Хмелева Галина Анатольевна
Published: September 2021

В статье раскрывается европейский опыт обеспечения национальной безопасности в условиях цифровой экономики. Выделены два ключевых направления: усиление технологической мощи европейских стран с целью комплексной системы, объединяющей цифровую инфраструктуру на земле и в космосе; создание специальных организаций по борьбе с киберправо-нарушениями.

The article reveals the European experience of ensuring national security in the digital economy. Two key areas have been identified: strengthening the technological power of European countries with the aim of an integrated system that unites digital infrastructure on earth and in space; creation of special organizations to combat cyber violations.
«CASE STUDY» AS AN EFFECTIVE METHOD OF INTERACTIVE TEACHING IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE CLASSES
Authors: Тараненко Ольга Ивановна , Федько Людмила Александровна , Щепотьева Екатерина Владимировна
Published: September 2021

«Кейс - стади», как метод интерактивного обучения позволяет проявить самостоятельность в овладении профессиональными знаниями и практическими умениями и ориентирован на широкое взаимодействие участников. Перечисляются различные виды кейсов, ступени разбора конкретных ситуаций. Подчеркивается возможность студентов к проведению анализа и обобщению информации, творческого подхода к выработке возможного решения проблемы.

«Case study», as a method of interactive learning, allows you to show independence in mastering professional practical skills and it is focused on the broad interaction of participants. Various types of cases, stages of analysis of specific situations are listed. The ability of students to analyze and summarize information, to develop a creative approach to the development of a possible solution to the problem is emphasized.
INFLUENCE OF POLITICAL PARTIES ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF MUNICIPAL EDUCATIONS
Authors: Шпехт Любовь Ивановна
Published: September 2021

В настоящее время в Российской Федерации все большее внимание уделяется социально-экономическому развитию территорий. В данной статье политические партии рассмотрены как один из ключевых инструментов социально-экономического развития территорий. В результате проведённого исследования автором сделан вывод о том, что авторитет политических партий оказывает влияние на социально-экономическое развитие муниципальных образований. Ярким примером данного влияния можно обозначить привлечение инвестиционных потоков на территории с высоким показателем узнаваемости партии.

Currently, in the Russian Federation, more and more attention is paid to the socio-economic development of territories. In this article, political parties are considered as one of the key instruments for the socio-economic development of territories. As a result of the study, the author concluded that the authority of political parties influences the socio-economic development of municipalities. A striking example of this influence is the attraction of investment flows in a territory with a high level of party recognition.
PECULIARITIES OF THE READING COMPETENCE OF HEARING IMPAIRED JUNIOR SCHOOLCHILDREN
Authors: Баштовая Арина Максимовна , Потехина Ольга Алексеевна
Published: September 2021

В статье рассматриваются вопросы формирования читательской компетентности у младших школьников с нарушением слуха.

The article deals with the formation of reading competence in junior schoolchildren with hearing impairment.
Notes on the Holocene marine fauna of eastern North Greenland
Authors: Bennike O. , Funder S. , Hjort K. C.
Published: September 2021

A list of invertebrates, notably molluscs, from the raised Holocene marine sedimets in eastern North Greenland is given. The faunas have low diversity, and contain an element of Arctic sublittoral and bat­hyal species indicative of cold surface water.
Adequate Correlation between the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Glass Foam
Authors: Paunescu Lucian , Axinte Sorin Mircea , Dragoescu Marius Florin , Cosmulescu Felicia
Published: September 2021

The paper presents experimental results obtained in the manufacturing process of a glass foam by adequate correlation between its physical and thermal properties (density, porosity, thermal conductivity) and mechanical (compressive strength) by a slight controlled overheating of the foamed material. Using a powder mixture of glass waste (87-91.5 %), coal fly ash (3-9 %) and silicon carbide (4-5.5 %) microwave heated at 935-975 ºC by this unconventional technique, constituting the originality of the work, was obtained a glass-ceramic foam with moderate compressive strength (1.8-2.6 MPa) and very low thermal conductivity (0.058-0.070 W/m·K). The material overheating generated a homogeneous porous structure characterized by closed cells with relatively large dimensions (without the tendency to join neighboring cells) making it difficult to transfer heat across the material. The foamed product is suitable for the manufacture of thermal insulation blocks for the inner or outer walls of the building without excessive mechanical stress, being an advantageous alternative by comparison with known types of polymeric or fiberglass thermal insulation materials.
A Comprehensive Review of Image Segmentation Techniques
Authors: Abdulateef Salwa , Salman Mohanad
Published: September 2021

Image segmentation is a wide research topic; a huge amount of research has been performed in this context. Image segmentation is a crucial procedure for most object detection, image recognition, feature extraction, and classification tasks depend on the quality of the segmentation process. Image segmentation is the dividing of a specific image into a numeral of homogeneous segments; therefore, the representation of an image into simple and easy forms increases the effectiveness of pattern recognition. The effectiveness of approaches varies according to the conditions of objects arrangement, lighting, shadow, and other factors. However, there is no generic approach for successfully segmenting all images, where some approaches have been proven to be more effective than others. The major goal of this study is to provide summarize of the disadvantages and the advantages of each of the reviewed approaches of image segmentation.
TEK KATLI DUVAR DEFORMASYONUNUN GÖRÜNTÜ İŞLEME TEKNİKLERİ KULLANILARAK BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: İLGÜN Abdulkerim , Javid ZIA Ahmad , DEMİR Vahdettin , MÜSEVİTOĞLU Abdullah , SANCIOĞLU Sadrettin
Published: September 2021

Image processing technique has been used frequently in the solution of engineering problems recently. In engineering studies, photographs are taken at certain intervals between the initial state of the material and the state after the change, and changes during the study are observed with the Image processing technique. Based on these photos, the change is transferred to numerical data and the change of the material is observed thanks to these data. Package program systems are used in Image processing technique applications. But these systems are quite expensive systems. In this study, a simpler and feasible system has been developed. The initial sliding test was carried out on 9 single-layer wall systems with natural stones in 20 * 30 * 10 cm dimensions. The displacement values formed on the walls under load during the experiments were measured with the help of potentiometric linear rulers. At the same time, photographs were taken at certain intervals from the baseline to the conclusion of the experiment. The photographs were digitized in the ArcGIS program and the changes on the wall were converted into numerical data. Experimental data and data obtained by photographs were compared. As a result of this comparison, 84% similarity is observed between experimental values and analytical values. It is observed that the image digitization application performed as a result of the study yielded very successful results. In this context, it is believed that the use of this system will be both fast and economically beneficial in larger scale experiments and the number of data.
DÜNYANIN VE TÜRKİYE’ NİN DOĞAL GAZ TALEP SENARYOSU
Authors: İNCEKARA Çetin
Published: September 2021

Although the global energy demand varies from country to country, it is constantly increasing on a global scale. As per IEA’s projections, the usage of two energy sources will increase (renewable with 12% and natural gas with 28%) in the global energy demand until 2040. In the study, 48 number of experts/managers (Decision Makers-DM) working in the energy sector were interviewed to establish/determine 10 main criteria and 43 sub-criteria used in demand scenarios. In the study, fuzzy multi-objective mathematical model (by using fuzzy AHP, and fuzzy TOPSIS) is developed to calculate World's and Turkey’s natural gas demand under high and low demand scenarios. By the help of model, the usage of natural gas amount in World by regions between 2020 and 2030 is calculated. In Scenario-High it will increase by approx. 26 % between 2020 and 2030 and reached 4.800 bcm in 2040. In Scenario-Low it will increase by approx. 5 % from 2020 to 2030 and reached 4.000 bcm in 2030. It is the only fossil fuel expected to grow beyond 2030 since it is clean energy source. In Scenario-High natural gas demand by region is calculated/projected as follows: in 2030 North America 1250 bcm, Central and South America 250 bcm, Europe 650 bcm, Middle East 750 bcm, Eurasia 650 bcm, Asia Pacific 1250 bcm. In the study, under the high demand scenario it has been calculated that the usage of natural gas in Turkey will increase by 52% between 2020 and 2030 and reach approximately 76 bcm, and in the low demand scenario Turkey's total natural gas demand will decrease by approximately 9% and reach approximately 45 bcm. In the study by using Fuzzy TOPSIS method, 10 number of sectors are examined and “Energy sector” was the first and “Industry sector” was the second in the ranking of the sectors in terms of global and Turkey’s natural gas demand scenario. In the study, the usage of natural gas is the only fossil resource that is expected to increase in the global energy mix among fossil fuels in 2030. This is due to high reserve amount of natural gas, i.e. global conventional natural gas reserves with 206 trillion m3 and unconventional unexplored natural gas reserves with 354 trillion m3, and as well as being a clean and environmental-friendly energy source. Since it is a clean fossil fuel and it pollutes nature & air much less than other fossil fuels and has a minimum greenhouse gas emission amount compared to other fossil sources.
AĞ VEYA İP TIRMANMALI OYUN GRUPLARINDA KULLANILAN HALATLARIN ÜRETİLMESİ İLE İLGİLİ YENİ BİR YÖNTEM
Authors: KAHRAMAN Fatih , SAYIN Zafer , BAYLAN Ezgi , VURAL Cenk
Published: September 2021

Nowadays, climbing game tracks are available for children and for young people and adults. Some of these game tracks are climbing tracks designed as a net. Other ones are climbing groups comprising ropes and similar structures that are suitable for gripping by the hand. There are also game tracks that include both basic game tracks or have different designs while maintaining the fundamental characteristics. However, their common characteristic is that they allow people to try to grasp the rope or net tightly and play or do exercise with an experience close to the natural environment. For this reason, yarns (strings) made of materials such as nylon, polypropylene or polyester are either directly knitted or adhered with chemical adhesives on steel wires. However, during its use, the knitted or adhered yarns (strings) on the steel wire are opened, disorganized or worn. This causes the wires to corrode and / or wear under ambient conditions and thus shorten the life of the ropes. In this study, a solution has been developed to provide a rigid coating of these yarns on the wires. In our study, after the threads were wound on the wires, the steel wires were heated by an electromagnetic induction current and thus, the threads on the steel wires were softened with the effect of the heat. Then, during cooling, the threads harden and partially adhere to each other. Due to this heating process, the temperature was kept under control in order to prevent the properties of the steel wires from deteriorating. After the wires were produced, they were tested with tensile test, hardness and metallographic examination methods, and changes in their properties were controlled.
A TRADITIONAL MEDICINE PRACTICE IN SNAKEBITE
Authors: GÜRBÜZ Hüseyin , ÇİÇEK Hülya
Published: September 2021

Snakebite is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in Turkey, especially in rural areas. There are 41 snake species living in Turkey, 28 of which are non-poisonous and 13 are venomous. Of these 13 venomous snakes, 10 species are from the Viperidae family, 2 species from the Colubridae and 1 species from the Elapidae (Cobras) family and can be lethal with the venom they inject when they bite. The venom has mostly hematotoxic rarely neurotoxic effects. In addition to these effects, it also has cardiotoxic, myotoxic and nephrotoxic properties. A 50-year-old female patient was admitted to the emergency department 30-40 minutes after her left hand was bitten by a snake bite from the second finger. The patient, who was conscious, agitated and restless, had ecchymosis, widespread edema, pain and tenderness at the wound site. The wound area was cleaned with an antiseptic solution, 80 mg Prednisolone, 20 snake antiserum, 100 mg ulcer and tetanus prophylaxis were administered in the emergency room. The patient was absorbed 80-90 cc of fluid and blood absorption from three different areas on the left hand using the cupping vacuum method, then a splint was taken and elevation was performed. In the examination of the patient 20 hours after the application, edema in the hand decreased, swelling decreased, limitation of movement disappeared and the patient had minimal pain. The blood parameters of the patient were checked and evaluated as normal. The patient was discharged in a healthy way after 40 hours of admission to the hospital, following control and follow-up. As in our case, it should not be forgotten that besides all modern medical practices, cupping absorption therapy, which is a traditional medical treatment, is also very important in terms of supportive treatment and local tissue.
SINIF CEBİRİ YAKLAŞIMI ALTINDA 𝑫𝟐𝒅 ve 𝑪𝟑𝒊 NOKTA GRUPLARI
Authors: DEDE Melike , AKKUS Harun
Published: September 2021

In this study, the point groups 𝐷2𝑑 and 𝐶3𝑖 which belong to tetragonal and trigonal crystal systems, respectively, are handled under the class sum approach. Symmetry groups were formed with symmetry elements that left these point groups unchanged and Cayley tables of related groups were obtained. Using these tables, the conjugates of the elements and the classes of the group were formed. Secular equations are written for each class sum obtained by the sum of the elements that make up the class. By solving these secular equations, the character vectors are obtained. Thus, the character tables were reconstructed with the calculated characters for both point groups under the class sum approach.
KARBON LİF ÜRETİMİNDE POLİAKRİLONİTRİL ELYAFLARIN TERMAL OKSİDASYONU
Authors: Rahman Mahbubor , DEMIREL Tuba , KARACAN Ismail
Published: September 2021

Thermal oxidation of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers was accomplished at temperatures up to 250°C for different oxidation times. Chemical integration of PAN fibers with an aqueous solution of ammonium persulfate was performed before starting thermal oxidation. The results recommend that ammonium persulfate integration enhanced the oxidation reactions of the PAN fibers and resulting in enhanced thermal stability. Ammonium persulfate impregnation followed by the oxidation process in the air environment leads to significant deviations in the characteristics of PAN fibers. To perform structural characterization of the raw and ammonium persulfate (APS) incorporated and stabilized samples, XRD, IR-spectroscopy, TGA was executed in this study. Investigation of the XRD and infrared spectroscopy outcomes recommended quick aromatization reactions with growing oxidation periods. The TGA traces indicated a comparative enhancement in the thermal stability of the PAN fibers by the increased carbon yield with the rise of the oxidation time. The overall findings recommend that ammonium persulfate incorporation was very influential in stimulating the oxidation process.
‘O+ + N2’ ÇARPIŞMASINA AİT REAKSİYON PARAMETRELERİNİN GÜNEŞ TUTULMASINA TEPKİSİ
Authors: YAŞAR Mehmet
Published: September 2021

The ionosphere is the part of the earth's atmosphere that extends from about 75 km to 1000 km. The sun is the main factor in shaping and dividing the ionosphere according to electron density. Therefore, the investigation and examination of solar-induced events is of great importance in understanding the structure of the ionosphere. The solar eclipses are one of the most important solar-induced events that cause sudden and medium-scale changes on the ionosphere. The solar eclipse of 29 March 2006 was observed as a total eclipse in some places and as a partial eclipse in some places. One of the regions recorded as a partial eclipse is Kharkov/Ukraine. In this study, the variations of reaction dynamics such as rate constant and cross section of the ‘O+ + N2’ collision, which is one of the ionosphere reaction processes, were investigated according to altitude (187 km) and local time during the 29 March 2006 solar eclipse over the city of Kharkov. The findings revealed that the changes in the reaction rate constant were similar to the changes in temperature, but the same similarities were not observed in the collision cross-section changes. According to another result obtained from this study, it has been determined that the use of experimental-based sources such as Kharkov incoherent scatter radar will give more effective results in investigating the effects of solar eclipses on the ionosphere.
AMFİ-DERSLİK ÖĞRENME ALANLARINDA İNSAN ODAKLI MİMARİ AYDINLATMA TASARIMI
Authors: CENGİZ Mehmet Sait
Published: September 2021

By using artificial lighting in AMFI classrooms where there are architectural constraints and daylight cannot be adequately benefited from, it can contribute to the visual comfort and indirectly to the health of the students. In this study, point-based analysis of the Equivalent Melanopic Lux values of artificial lighting and learning environments in schools was made according to the criteria of WELL standards specified in the Human Centric Lighting concept. By using direct lighting, without changing the architectural design, optimum lighting suitable for human biology is provided with low-cost artificial lighting arrangements. According to the Human-Centered Lighting concept, an architectural lighting design was made in accordance with the WELL standards criteria. As a result of the improvement of visual comfort and optimum circadian effects in the learning environments of the students studying in AMFI classrooms, it is predicted that the success and participation of the students who use these learning areas will increase.
CRABTREE POZİTİF VE CRABTREE NEGATİF MAYA TÜRLERİNDE GCR1 GENİNİN IN SILICO ANALİZİ
Authors: GENÇ Tülay TURGUT , ÇAKAN Ataberk , GÜNAY Melih
Published: September 2021

The use of fermentation in the presence of oxygen and at high glucose concentrations is referred to as the Crabtree effect. Yeast species that have the Crabtree effect are called Crabtree positive, and yeast species that do not have the Crabtree effect are called Crabtree negative. While Crabtree negative yeast strains are mostly used for heterologous protein production in the industrial field, Crabtree positive yeast strains are used to understand metabolic events in cancer cells. The genes encoding the enzymes involved in the glycolytic pathway in S. cerevisiae yeast cells are controlled by Gcr1p. Gcr1p binds to CT elements located in the promoter regions of glycolytic genes and activates their transcription. In our study, Crabtree positive and negative yeast strains containing Sc-Gcr1p similar proteins were determined, and protein similarity analyzes and promoter analyzes of genes encoding the relevant proteins in these yeast strains were compared in silico using different databases and analysis programs. For this purpose, SGD, UNIPROT, NCBI-Genome and Yeastract databases and BLASTp-NCBI, MEGA-X and Chromatin Folding V2 programs were used. Using the SGD database, 32 different yeast strains were identified that matched with Sc-Gcr1p. Five different Crabtree positive and 5 different Crabtree negative yeast strains were selected from these yeast strains and in silico analyzes were performed using these yeast strains. After protein analysis and promoter analysis, it was determined that the similarities and differences between yeast species were not specific for Crabtree positive and Crabtree negative yeast species, but varied between species.
1-TYPE AND HARMONIC 1-TYPE TIMELIKE CURVES IN SEMI-EUCLIDEAN SPACE 42
Authors: AYDIN Tuba AĞIRMAN , KOCAYİĞİT Hüseyin
Published: September 2021

In the present study we consider 1-type, biharmonic, weak biharmonic and harmonic 1-type curves in semi-Euclidean space 42R according to the timelike Frenet frame. We give some characterizations and classifications of these type curves.
Policy options to mitigate the impacts of green gentrification when constructing new bike paths in the Madison area
Authors: Davis Julie , Baur Brittany , Alexander Sarah , Bachmann Ben
Published: September 2021

To address changing climate patterns, cities in the US are expanding sustainable transportation options and implementing green infrastructure. Sustainable infrastructure projects help communities adapt, decrease CO2 emissions, promote community health, and provide economic benefits. These projects can also have unintended consequences, increasing gentrification and displacement of vulnerable communities through increased property values (i.e., green gentrification). The City of Madison maintains an extensive system of bike trails and continues to expand community access, with three projects recently completed or in development. We recommend that the City of Madison alter policy to use tax-increment financing or community land trusts as a preventative measure to mitigate green gentrification of nearby areas for all current and future bike path construction projects.
Motor Vehicle Crash Testing Regulations for More Inclusive Populations
Authors: Frye Hannah , Ko Daphne , Kotnik Emilee
Published: September 2021

There is a stark disparity in motor vehicle crash deaths and injuries between male and female drivers. Female drivers are 13% more likely to be killed than their male counterparts in similar motor accidents. However, vehicle safety test practices do not account for diverse body proportions when assessing safety outcomes. Vehicle crash testing standards only require testing of two variations of adult-sized crash test dummies: a 50th percentile male and a 5th percentile female. Automotive companies are not required to test safety outcomes in crash test model’s representative of average female proportions or of non-average body sizes and physiological compositions. Current crash test standards are regulated by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) under the US Department of Transportation. This memo proposes three actions for the NHTSA and the Department of Transportation to address disparities in vehicle safety outcomes: 1) update safety standard requirements to include a 50th percentile female crash test dummy, 2) implement a federal tax incentive program for companies to include a greater diversity of vehicle occupant models, and 3) allocate funds for research and development of virtual crash testing models. These proposed initiatives seek to raise the minimum safety requirements and prioritize wider representation of vehicle occupants to improve parity in vehicle safety outcomes.
Confronting the potential role of Yoga in the molecular profile of rural high-risk women for Diabetes: a pilot study
Authors: Kaur Navneet , Ahuja Shweta , Sharma Kanupriya , Malik Rakesh , Bakshi Kavita , Pal Surinder , Singh Gurmeet , Dhiman Sarika , Sharma Kiran , Malik Neeru
Published: September 2021

Background and purpose: Yoga has been shown to have established beneficial impact through many previous studies. The mind-body practices like Yoga have an ameliorating effect on diabetes and prediabetes. The majority of prior published literature focused their attention on the glucose parameters in diabetic and prediabetic pathology. The purpose of the present pilot study is to explore the effect of AYUSH-approved Diabetic Yoga Protocol (DYP) on selected angiogenesis and neurogenesis markers in high-risk rural women for Diabetes.

Methods: Total 15 high-risk women for Diabetes were selected from rural area of Chandigarh, for a 3-month DYP intervention. The pre-post single group experimental research design was implemented in the study. The changes in angiogenesis, neurogenesis parameters, and leptin were assessed at baseline and after 3 months after DYP intervention.

Results: The result of the present study revealed that after 3 months of DYP intervention the statistically significant improvements were noticed on serum VEGF levels (p = 0.039). The improvements in angiogenin and BDNF levels were also seen after DYP practice.

Conclusion: The results highlight the potential role of DYP on cellular growth and neuronal survival.

Keywords: Diabetic Yoga Protocol, Indian Diabetes Risk Score, Prediabetes, angiogenesis, neurogenesis.
A new species of the genus Cerapanorpa (Mecoptera, Panorpidae) from the eastern Bashan Mountains
Authors: Gao Kai , Hua Bao-Zhen
Published: September 2021

Cerapanorpa Gao, Ma & Hua, 2016, an endemic genus of Panorpidae in central China’s mountain regions, currently comprises 21 described species. Recently, the short-horned scorpionfly C. brevicornis (Hua & Li, 2007) was confirmed to contain two valid species by phylogeographic and morphological data. Individuals from the highlands of the eastern Bashan Mountains were suggested as a good species, separated from the original short-horned C. brevicornis.

Cerapanorpa alpinasp. nov. was described from the alpine zone of the eastern Bashan Mountains in central China. The new species differs from its congeners by the following combination of characters: male bearing an extra-short anal horn on posterior margin of tergum VI; paramere elongate, extending beyond the median tooth of gonostylus and curved laterally at basal half; female medigynium slightly constricted medially without dorsal basal plate. The species number of Cerapanorpa is raised to 22.
Justice pénale internationale : le cas du Tribunal spécial pour le Liban
Authors: Plas Pascal
Published: September 2021

Le Tribunal Spécial pour le Liban (TSL), installé à La Haye est la seule juridiction pénale internationale dédiée au terrorisme, fortement voulue par l'ONU, en accord avec le Liban, à la suite de l'attentat commis le 14 février 2005 contre Rafic Hariri. Conçue au départ pour être un mixte de Common Law et de civil Law -- existence d'un juge de la mise en état, possibilités d'interrogatoire pour les juges pendant le procès, participation contrôlée des victimes à la procédure - le TSL a finalement fonctionné presque exclusivement en Common Law . Ce choix procédural a conduit à la tenue d'un procès extrêmement technique et long. Le verdict (été 2020, une condamnation, trois acquittements) a été lu à l'aune de la durée des enquêtes et du procès lui-même (plus de 15 ans) ainsi qu'à son coût élevé - « le procès à un milliard de dollars » - et reçu dans une certaine lassitude. Le TSL contribue cependant à la lutte contre l'impunité et surtout l'indifférence à l'encontre des violences politiques.
Travailler l’écrit pour favoriser la réussite des étudiants issus de bacs professionnels : un enjeu de linguistique appliquée
Authors: Pallanti Luca , Jacques Marie-Paule , Brissaud Catherine
Published: September 2021

L’article montre comment une meilleure gestion des chaînes de référence dans les textes peut améliorer la clarté et la linéarité de la communication écrite. Les résultats de l’expérimentation d’un module d’enseignement des compétences rédactionnelles ont révélé la richesse des apports de la linguistique appliquée à la didactique de l’écriture, ce qui contribue, indirectement, à la réussite académique.