bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An attempt to estimate the habitat capacity of reintroduction sites for the forest reindeer in the Nizhny Novgorod region
Authors: Bakka S V , Kiseleva N Y , Shestakova A A , Shukov P M , Surov S G , Zykov J V
Published: April 2021

The article is the first attempt to consider the consumption of food supply by the European subspecies of the reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) during reintroduction in the central part of the Russian Plain on the territory of the Kerzhensky State Reserve in the Nizhny Novgorod Region. On the territory of the adaptation enclosure (122.44 ha), the vegetation was examined in 2015-16 (before the release of deer) and the changes that have occurred over 2 years of keeping animals (2018-20). The enclosure was used by animals for 5776 deer-days, including 3756 summer days and 2020 winter days. It was found that the area of the adaptation enclosure is fully used by the reindeer. Summer food supply have not changed, but a significant degradation of the lichen layer has been revealed. It was shown that the use of lichens by deer for food during the snowless period is minimal. Lichens of the genus Cladonia are the main food for reindeer after the formation of the snow cover. Winter food supply is the limiting factor that determines the habitat capacity. During the 2020 winter reindeer days, 60.02 tons of lichens were used. The daily consumption of lichens by one deer was 29.71 kg. It is shown that the number of deer kept in the adaptation enclosure exceeds the habitat capacity. The possibilities of keeping different numbers of animals with and without winter feeding have been estimated. The area of winter pastures necessary for a reindeer is calculated: 26.94 hectares of natural reindeer lichen communities, or 14.32 hectares in terms of 100% lichen coverage. These data can be used to calculate the potential capacity of reindeer habitats in forest-swamp complexes of the central part of the Russian Plain
Formation of measures for the development of the agro-industrial complex in the context of the transition to sustainable development
Authors: Sergeenko Yu S , Petrov D E , Kombarova E V , Galkina O V , Ukraintseva V S
Published: April 2021

The sustainable functioning of agro-industrial facilities is influenced by many factors, among which the study examined the natural ecological environment, climatic conditions, crisis and epidemiological situations, the employment market and other factors of the internal and external environment. The agro-industrial complex should respond to the identified and analyzed factors in a timely manner and form measures to ensure the transition to sustainable development in the context of ecology, public consumption and preservation of crop yields in agriculture.
Mathematical model of heat accumulation in the substrate and ground of a heliogreenhouse
Authors: Faiziev T A , Toshmamatov B M
Published: April 2021

This article describes the design and mathematical model for heat accumulation in the substrate and soil of a solar greenhouse. The results of the experimental studies are presented, the thermal processes that occur in the described system are considered, and a mathematical model for heat accumulation in the substrate and soil of the solar greenhouse is compiled. The proposed mathematical model facilitates the calculations for the accumulation and distribution of thermal energy in the different layers. Studied the accumulation of solar energy is carried out both in the greenhouse soil - the substrate, and in the heat storage channel. The article discusses the proposed mathematical model of transport processes in a solar greenhouse allows calculating the changes in the temperature of the soil-substrate and the average volumetric temperature for given initial conditions and external influences, depending on time. The discrepancy between the calculated and experimental data on heat transfer in the IC is ± 2 ÷ 7 for heat transfer in the substrate - ± 10 ÷ 15%. The article presents the developed mathematical model of radiation-convective heat exchange of a two-block solar greenhouse with a substrate and heat accumulation is very correct, as evidenced by the comparison of the calculation results using the mathematical model and field experimental data.
Palynoindication of the environment in the impact zone of the Apatit mining processing plant with the use of pollen of Pinus sylvestris L.
Authors: Vasilevskaya N V , Osechinskaya P V
Published: April 2021

Results of analyzing of pollen of Pinus sylvestris in the vicinity of the tailing dump of the Apatit mining processing plant are presented. More than 20 teratomorphs of pollen with various anomalies of development are revealed in the samples, their frequency is very high (80–83%). According to the palynological scale of ecological zoning, the study area can be classified as critically polluted.
Agro ecological and technological assessment of new potato varieties based on in vitro in original seed production
Authors: Terentyev S E , Romanova Ir N , Martynova K V , Knyazeva S M , Perepichai M I
Published: April 2021

We found that by the duration of the growing season (102-129 days) the studied varieties corresponded to their morphobiological characteristics and belonged to the group of early maturing (Gulliver) and mid-ripening (Fritella and Grand) varieties. The analyzed fractional analysis of minitubers showed that under greenhouse conditions, potato varieties can form from 3.9 (Gulliver) to 5.0 tubers (Grand). According to the yield of the fine fraction, the variety Fritella was distinguished (1.4 pcs / clone, according to the yield of the middle fraction, the variety Grand (2 pcs / clone); according to the content in the clone of the large fraction, the variety Gulliver - 2.5 pcs / clone with tuber weight 149.1 g. The mass of tubers of one clone in the studied varieties ranged from 319.0 g to 427.7 g. In terms of biological yield, the potato variety Gulliver stood out - 42.8 t / ha, varieties Fritella and Grand were inferior by 10.9 t / ha and 6.5 t / ha, respectively. The presented calculated data showed that in order to create a seed fund in nurseries of original seed growing, it is necessary to obtain a yield of at least 20 t / ha annually, with a yield of seed fraction of at least 60% and the development of elements of varietal agricultural technology. The article presents the qualitative indicators of the assessment of tubers at the early stages of original seed production, which made it possible to characterize varieties by their use for food and technological purposes. The resulting yield of potato varieties and seed calculations showed that for the successful development of potato growing on an area of 20 thousand hectares and the creation of a seed fund in the amount of 70,000 tons, it is necessary to conduct seed production on a virus-free basis in the region, create 9 elite seed-growing enterprises and 3 research laboratories.
The effectiveness of the use of biological products and micronutrient fertilizers in the technology of cultivation of winter wheat
Authors: Yurina T A , Sviridova S A , Belik M A
Published: April 2021

The results of field studies of the use of biological products and microfertilizers in the cultivation of winter wheat in the production conditions of the Krasnodar Territory are presented. Indicators of a comparative assessment of economic and new schemes for the application of fertilizers and plant protection products from the point of view of agricultural and economic efficiency are given.
On the development of technology for obtaining organomineral fertilizers
Authors: Klyosov D N , Orekhovskaya A A
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the problem of processing organic waste of animal husbandry in order to obtain granular organic mineral fertilizers. A technology was developed for the production of granulated organomineral fertilizers of a wide range based on cattle and pig manure or bird droppings with the addition of zeolite and mineral salts. The resulting fertilizer has good physical properties.
Biochemical features of the influence of distribution and accumulation of heavy metals in the system “soil – plant food – poultry droppings” on the organism of broilers
Authors: Saken A K , Fatkullin R R , Mustafin M K , Daribaeva S A
Published: April 2021

The direct consequences of a complex of structural changes in the form of intensification, industrialization and geographic conditioning of heavy metals that can be utilized through soil destruction often lead to environmental problems and cyclically affect the food chain. In this regard, one of the most important areas of research in the field of poultry farming with the identification of chemical waste is the protection of environmental objects, namely the soil as an object characterized by the accumulative properties of heavy metals, which entail a number of consequences. The normal vital activity of a living organism requires an optimal amount of minerals with trace elements and heavy metals, which creates the need to monitor this cyclic system. The paper presents the results of a study of heavy metals from soil samples, samples of plant food, as well as poultry dung and the effect of their excess or deficiency on the biochemical parameters of the body of chickens. Pursuing the relevance of the content of heavy metals in objects eliminated by the body in the form of excrement, containing substances permeable to the entire body, today it is undergoing intensive study, since plant zones are an integral part of the food chain, accompanied by immuno-biochemical significance for the healthy state and development of birds.
The use of organic waste of the agro-industrial complex for the production of fuel using neural network algorithms
Authors: Osintsev K V , Prikhodko Iu S , Nikitina D I , Bolkov Ya S , Shishkov A N
Published: April 2021

The article addresses the problem of processing organic waste from the agro-industrial complex. To solve the problem of processing biomass, it is proposed to use gas-generating units that convert the resulting biomass into biogas. Particular attention is paid to the principles of operation of gas generators, the description of the stages of gasification, and the ongoing chemical processes. The scientific novelty lies in the proposal for the introduction of intelligent technology based on artificial neural networks to predict product quality and control the gasification process at each stage. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the use of information technology contributes to the optimization of the production process.
Development of a mathematical model for forecasting pastural fertility to remote sensing data
Authors: Trukhachev V , Oliinyk S , Lesnyak T , Litvin D , Zlydnev N
Published: April 2021

Variants of developing a mathematical model for predicting pasture fertility based on the use of remote sensing data from the Earth and ground based measurements on test field plots are presented. The NDVI data, which is a time series with pronounced seasonal features in the form of one or two maxima, are the basis for obtaining the vegetation index forecast model (NDVI) from the currently available measurements. To predict the parameters of this maximum, we used the position on the time axis, width, amplitude, and its shape. Using various model regressions over the entire available time interval, it is possible to obtain models, for example, in the form of rational and polynomial functions. As model, in addition to the rational and polynomial ones presented above, we used the following functions with characteristic impulse behavior: Cauchy, arctg (x)’, Verhulst, Gompertz differential functions (derivatives) with left and right asymmetries, as well as the sum fs and the product fp of logistic functions Verhulst. Of all the options on the evaluation interval [56 and 180] days, the model in the form of the sum of the Verhulst logistic functions with 7 evaluated parameters turned out to be more effective. The results show that all parameters are statistically significant, and the corrected determination coefficient is large enough: 0.9545. However, to parameterize the model, observations are needed “on the decline” of the time series - 150-180 days from the beginning of the year. The use of mathematical models is necessary for managing pasture plots and the need for timely management decisions of various kinds - alternating corrals, mowing terms for grass stands, and fertilizing. To generate reliable information about the state of pastures, the use of remote monitoring is relevant.
Using digital technologies in horticulture
Authors: Kondratieva O V , Fedorov A D , Fedorenko V F , Slinko O V
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the development of horticulture through the use of state-of-the-art technology including digital one. The results of scientists’ research on the effectiveness of intensive gardens are analyzed. It was revealed that the technology of artificial neural networks is used to optimize processes in horticulture. Smart technologies in agriculture, which can be applied in intensive gardening, were studied.
The efficiency of the differentiated application of mineral fertilizers in the production technology of winter wheat cultivation
Authors: Petukhov D A , Ivanov A B , Bondarenko E V , Trubnikov A V , Semizorov S A
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the results of experimental studies of a field experiment on the differentiated application of granular mineral fertilizers, in comparison with their continuous application with an average economic dose in areas with different relative levels of soil fertility. The results of assessing the effect of fertilization methods on plant parameters and the efficiency of winter wheat cultivation are presented.
Mechanism for increasing innovative activity in agriculture in Russia using programming
Authors: Kuzmin V N , Korolkova A P , Marinchenko T E
Published: April 2021

A model of scientific and technical development has developed. In the agriculture of Russia, which is characterized by a high degree of dependence on foreign technology, techniques and selection achievements. Current national priorities to be determined by the program documents of the country’s socio-economic development imply the development and implementation of programs consisting of a set of measures focused on the creation and implementation of competitive domestic technology, seeds, breeding products, feed additives and medicines for animals, pesticides, agrochemicals, and other factors of production in areas with a high degree of import dependence. In this regard, the analysis of the results of the implementation of the Federal Scientific and Technical Program for the Development of Agriculture for 2017-2025 from the standpoint of achieving the goals and objectives set by the state is relevant. The activities of organizations, participants in comprehensive scientific and technical projects are analyzed. The purpose of the work is to assess the adequacy of the measures provided for by the projects to reduce the impact of the main problems that impede the activation of innovative activities.
Management of export activities of agricultural enterprises using digital technology
Authors: Mishurov N P , Voytyuk V A , Sypok S I
Published: April 2021

The article shows the problems of export activities of agricultural enterprises associated with the complexity of procedures for customs declaration, logistics, licensing, insurance, and financial settlements. Mechanisms for solving these problems based on the systematization and generalization of conceptual approaches and practice of formation and development of a digital platform are presented. The essence of this platform and its difference from the existing ones is in the centralized management of export activities using a public-private partnership model, which ensures the sustainable development of export activities of agricultural enterprises.
Assessment of the Response Time to Information Messages in the Conditions of a Farms Based on the Methodology of Real-Time Systems
Authors: Mishin Igor N
Published: April 2021

As you know, modern farms equipp many technological devices, the operation of which directly affects the volume of agricultural products, the period of readiness, their quality, shelf life, etc., in this regard, the issues of assessing the response time and reaction to information flows are relevant. The article presents the results of constructing a model based on real-time systems for assessing system stability and the response time of a subject (farmer) to information messages from IoT devices to the subject’s smartphone, depending on the time of performing current, priority and critical technological operations, their relevance, as well as on the level of information noise and the availability of resources. The analysis of the model revealed that an increase in the number of control objects and information messages increases the system response delay time from 0 to 36.5 hours which will especially depends on the receipt of priority and critical messages. The article offers solutions to reduce the response time, in particular by dividing the message flow into production and personal, resource optimization, using digital technologies (IoT), databases and improving the information skills of farmers.
Simulation of the motion of agricultural worker in a passive exoskeleton with two types spring elements when performing work with higher physical loads
Authors: Borisov A V , Borisova V L , Konchina L V , Kulikova M G , Maslova K S
Published: April 2021

A 2-D model of the protective passive exoskeleton with torsion and tension-compression springs is proposed. The exoskeleton links are of variable lengths. The link consists of a weightless variable-length section with a tension-compression spring in its centre, and the two weighty sections of the constant lengths at the ends of the link. A torsion spring is installed in each hinge that ensures relative rotation of the links. The results of the numerical solution of the Cauchy problem are presented when an agricultural worker moves in a passive exoskeleton with spring elements of two types and when he performs agricultural work associated with increased physical loads.
Effect of nutrient supply on the linear indicators and output of standard grafted sweet cherry seedlings under differentiated irrigating regime
Authors: Nikolskaya O A , Kurapina N V
Published: April 2021

The results of four-year research on application of fertigation with Ammophos, Master NPK 18:18:18+ME and combined effect of fertigation and foliar sprays with biostimulant Isabion on linear growth and output of grafted seedlings of sweet cherry Vasilisa variety on low productive chestnut soils of Volgograd region presented in the article. It is defined that the combined feeding of plants was more effective. The seedlings had height of 1.99 m with output of 1st class seedings of 90 %. Growing grafted seedlings without additional feeding found to be ineffective.
Evaluation of a new three-phase technology pig housing on pig farm with capacity of 12000 pigs per year at the designing stage
Authors: Kaluga V V , Trifanov A V , Bazykin V I , Ilyin R M , Tikhonov E A
Published: April 2021

Currently, in Russia, the North American technology of keeping pigs with a combined rearing and fattening area (CFSWP) is becoming widespread. It is essentially a two-phase technology for keeping pigs. Many years of research conducted by the authors of the article have shown that the most effective technology is a stress-free methods of keeping pigs. However, it usage is limited by the capacity of the pig farm and the size of the pigsties. A new technology with elements of stress-free pig housing has been developed for a pig farm for the reproduction, rearing and fattening of 12000 pigs per year with a combined sow farrowing and weaning piglet rearing area (CFSWP) in order to form piglets nests at the stages of the suckling period and rearing. Thus, the usage of the new technology is appropriate for pork production industrial enterprises. The usage of this solution allows you to limit the impact of stress on piglets at the most vulnerable stages of cultivation – the suckling period and rearing. The new technology is compared with a standard project that is widely used in Russia according to the developed author’s methodology. The evaluation criteria are the following indicators: the usage of the area of the main purpose and the payment of the area by the production of meat. Despite the fact that the marketable weight of pigs on a farm with the new technology is only 3.8% higher, the payment criterion for the main purpose area is 1.39-1.4 times more effective in comparison with the basic technology. The use of the new three-phase technology with CFSWP will reduce the total area of suckling sows, weaned pigs and fattening pigs by 9.5 %, and increase the productivity of weaned pigs and fattening pigs to 10%.
Organic poultry farming in Russia: details
Authors: Martynova E I , Sandakova S L , Motina N V
Published: April 2021

Every year in the world, more and more interest in the products of organic agricultural production. It should be noted, however, that environmentally friendly management practices, controlled by an internationally agreed certification system, have significant advantages for the manufacturer. After the entry into force of the Federal Law No. 280 “On organic products and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation” there are many issues that need to be resolved. In this regard, it was important for the authors of the article to understand what difficulties producers of organic products in Russia face.
Digitalization of agriculture in Russia: a regional aspect
Authors: Vorobeva E S , Goncharova N Z , Kovaleva A E , Vorobev O V
Published: April 2021

The article summarizes the results of the study of digitalization of agricultural processes in all regions of Russia, highlights the most successful and lagging regions, notes the relationship between the level of investment in agriculture, the power supply of agricultural workers and the introduction of digital technologies. Conclusions are made about the need to integrate individual digitized operations into a single system at the regional level. The results of the study made it possible to highlight the most problematic issues of digitalization of the agrarian sector, its disadvantages and advantages and, on this basis, propose directions for the further development of regional digital systems.
Geochemical state of vegetation in the north-east of the Republic of Tyva
Authors: Sambuu A D , Dadar A K-Kh , Okculuk A O , Mezhekey A M , Kaldar-ool A Yu
Published: April 2021

The article considers the geochemical features of vegetation in the area of the planned construction of the Ak-Sug copper-porphyry deposit. In the Todzha basin in the north-east of the Republic of Tuva, the practice of using mining and processing plants has an initial cycle (since 2015), so research is needed for further monitoring, forecasting and restoration of natural geosystems. It should be noted that to date, no specialized study of the material composition of raw materials and the impact of mining waste on the environment has been conducted in the study area. The presented materials can be used to manage the state of the environment and optimize the use of natural resources in the areas of activity of mining enterprises of the republic, which will help to reduce the anthropogenic impact on the geosystems of the region.
Acceleration of growth and development of green crops and seedlings due to electrical stimulation of plants
Authors: Gerasimova Olga Aleksandrovna , Solovyov Sergey Viktorovich , Zhukov Alexander Andreevich , Tikhonov Evgeny Andrianovich , Druzhinina Elena Sergeevna
Published: April 2021

Artificial irradiation in protected ground structures is use for growing seedlings and for breeding purposes. Despite the increase in the cost of seedlings, additional lighting is effective, since it increases the yield by 20 … 30% and accelerates its production by 10 … 15 days [1]. Electrostimulation of plants of this development is carried out by intensifying plant growth by creating an optimal spectrum and regulating lighting depending on the actual natural illumination, automatic spectrum control for various plants, and irrigation system. The effectiveness of the development is to improve the useful properties of plants, reduce the cost of caring for them, which allows you to engage in a family business. The disadvantage of this installation is the need for high labor costs due to growing plants without taking into account the objective need for timely watering with foliar spray with a nutrient solution or timely feeding of the nutrient solution directly into the ground, depending on the soil moisture. In addition, the method does not provide for the cultivation of tomato seedlings in the presence of objective control of insufficient illumination in winter, requiring additional illumination for the required period of time with a certain duration for the effectiveness of the process.
Cadastral valuation of agricultural land: regional practice
Authors: Zhichkin K A , Vorob’eva D A , Zhichkina L N , Nayanov A V , Kuraev A N
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the methodology for determining the cadastral value of the permitted use first type agricultural land, used in the assessment in 2012 in the Samara region conditions. It was based on the income valuation method. The considered method made it possible to more accurately determine the cadastral value in comparison with the methods used earlier. The purpose of the study is to improve the methodology for the agricultural land cadastral valuation, taking into account the potential yield, soil varieties, plots individual technological properties and other factors. The average cost of one square meter of the use first type agricultural land, calculated according to the proposed methodology, is more than the average indicator determined in 2006 by 1.35 times (by 35%). The study results indicate that the method for determining the cadastral value of the use first type agricultural land works quite correctly. It effectively fulfills the most important task: a land plot with the worst fertility and having a minimum indicator of agroclimatic potential costs less than a land plot with a fertility higher level and the value of an agroclimatic potential indicator. In addition, the proposed methodology is based on data from the Federal State Statistics Service, which ensures their reliability. These factors determine the merits of the proposed methodology for the state agricultural land cadastral valuation.
Management of natural-anthropogenic complexes of rural areas as active systems
Authors: Nardin D S , Nardina S A
Published: April 2021

The article presents the results of a study of natural-anthropogenic complexes of rural areas, which are formed in the process of production of grain crops, as active systems. The features of the management of active systems in the subject-subject paradigm of relationships are shown, the necessity of using network management based on communication links and reflexive processes as a basic type of management of natural-anthropogenic complexes of rural areas is substantiated. The natural-anthropogenic complex as a subject of management is presented in the form of four active subsystems interacting with each other and with the environment external to the complex. This interaction is based on the formation and development of networks in the field of technological support for the functioning of the natural-anthropogenic complex, formal and informal social networks formed by the population of rural areas, networks that include elements of the economic subsystem and ecological networks of rural areas, formed as under the influence of economic activity a person, and regardless of its presence in a particular territory. In the conclusion, data are presented that indicate the need for further development of ideas about the management of natural-anthropogenic complexes of rural areas at the methodological level within the framework of the post-non-classical type of scientific rationality and environmental management of complex self-developing systems, into which natural-anthropogenic complexes of rural areas are gradually transformed.
Contamination of soils with heavy metals in the parks of Vologda
Authors: Hamitova S M , Fedchenko E I , Ivanova M A , Pestovskij A S , Vlasova O A , Naliukhin A N , Khamitov R S
Published: April 2021

Soil contamination with heavy metals is a major threat to both the natural environment and human health. The study of soil contamination with heavy metals in urban environments is an important applied task. In the course of this study, the gross content of heavy metals in the soils of parks in Vologda was determined, consolidate figures of soil contamination were calculated and a comparative analysis of soil contamination in parks was made. Determination of the gross content of heavy metals in soils was carried out at the Agrochemical Service Centre “Vologodsky” in the Molochnoye settlement using generally accepted methods. The level of chemical contamination of soils was assessed on the basis of a total contamination indicator. The study concluded that sod-podzolic, loamy soil type with acidity ranging from 6.7 to 7.2 prevails in the parks of the city of Vologda under study. In general, 6 parks in the city of Vologda are classified as a permissible pollution category in terms of total soil pollution, while 2 parks are classified as a moderately hazardous pollution category. The most heavily metal-contaminated soils are found in Victory Park and the Kremlin Garden. The least heavily metal-contaminated soils are Evkovka, Mira and 50th anniversary of October parks.
Sustainable development of rural areas of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
Authors: Ermakova A M
Published: April 2021

This article discusses the rural areas of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, their features, current state and development opportunities. The author identifies a list of the main environmental problems that arise as a result of production activities, and suggests ways to solve them.
Development of an industrial-scale bioreactor in the context of a global pandemic
Authors: Shakerkhan K O , Meshechkin V V , Sagindykov K M , Konyrkhanova A A , Abilmazhinov E T
Published: April 2021

This article provides a comparison of biogas plants for waste processing of various modifications, advantages and disadvantages, as well as a description of a biogas plant of its own development of a horizontal type, taking into account local climatic and economic conditions of farm development, in the context of a pandemic. The article discusses of using of our patented pneumatic motor for mixing biowaste, the bioreactor of own production and comparing the development of biogas station in different countries.
Ecological state of the soil cover of coal deposits in the Republic of Tyva
Authors: Sambuu A D , Mezhekey A M , Okculuk A O , Dadar A K-Kh
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the ecological state of the soil cover of the currently actively developed coal deposits, which are located in the steppe zone of the Central Tuva Basin. Two of them – Kaa-Khem and Chadan – mining is carried out in an open way for more than 50 years, resulting in the formation of quarries and extensive waste rock dump fields. The third field – Mezhegey – has been producing by mine method since 2013. It was revealed that in the areas where open-pit mining is carried out, the maximum concentration of Zn, As, Ni in the eastern and south-eastern parts of the fields, soil contamination by Ni and As was also established. The presented materials can be used to manage the state of the environment and optimize the use of natural resources in the areas of activity of mining enterprises, which will help to reduce the anthropogenic impact on the ecosystems of the dry-steppe region.
Features of the restoration of biological communities after the technogenic transformation of the estuary area of the Pregolya River (the Baltic Sea basin)
Authors: Volodina A A , Gerb M A , Polunina J J , Ezhova E E , Lange E K
Published: April 2021

The structural parameters of plankton, benthos and macrophytes after large-scale technogenic transformation of the mouth area of the river were studied. Pregolya. A decrease in the species richness and area of growth of macrophytes, a simplification of the structure of communities was noted. The renewal of plant communities in the places of their origin was recorded, primarily due to the species resistant to biogenic pollution. A decrease in the abundance of submerged species with wide leaves was revealed, which is an indicator of an increase in water turbidity. The species were found in the phyto- and zooplankton community, living in conditions of an increased content of nutrients and suspended matter. There was no significant decrease in the species diversity of summer plankton and benthos, and the quantitative indicators are comparable with the data before the work. A feature of the restoration of the zooplankton and benthic community was the appearance of brackish-water species in the river branches, which were not previously recorded there, incl. alien species of mollusks and polychaetes.
Public danger and mechanisms for preventing damage to land
Authors: Provodina E V , Krasovskaya O Yu , Zhelokov N V , Komissarenko E S , Baranova M A
Published: April 2021

Deterioration of the quality of the environment, including its natural component - land, is becoming stable in modern conditions. Within the framework of this study, the need to form preventive mechanisms for damage to land is substantiated based on the content of its social danger. However, for full-fledged mechanisms that are really capable of realizing soil protection, the assessment of public danger should be carried out based on the actual data of the harm caused, while relying on indicators of environmental pollution of soils, necessarily taking into account the sphere of human activity that they are produced by. Thus, the results of the study showed that the greatest anthropogenic impact on the soil is exerted by industrial facilities, the harmful effect of which has no opposition from the imperative mechanisms of prevention. The elimination of this gap and the development of appropriate mechanisms for protecting the land, its properties and qualities in connection with the functioning of the industry can bring the system of prevention of such acts to a new, higher level.
Genetic classification of lakes of above floodplain terraces of the valley of Oka river in the Nizhniy Novgorod region (Russia), based on its morphometric characteristics
Authors: Astashin A E , Badin M M , Pashkin M N , Cheburkov D F , Samoilov A V
Published: April 2021

The article provides a brief overview of the history of researching of the lakes of the Nizhny Novgorod region. The research area is located in the west of the Nizhny Novgorod region, and characterized by extremely poor knowledge of the main characteristics, origin and development of lakes. The exploration of morphometric and hydrological characteristics of lakes is solved by instrumental measurements in the field. Consideration of the genesis and evolution of lakes is a more complex issue, and its solution without taking into account the landscape structure of the territory and the specifics of the geological structure, geomorphological, botanical and other characteristics of the host landscape cannot be accepted as a complete logical work. In this article, along with the morphometric and hydrological features of the researched lakes, the modern physico-geographical characteristics of the researched territory are presented, based on the results of the analysis of thematic maps, remote sensing data, statistical and literary data and field researches. Bathygraphic schemes of seven largest and most typical lakes, located on the terraces above the floodplain of the Oka River Valley within the Nizhny Novgorod Region, created, based on the results of field research, are presented. The main morphometric and hydrological characteristics of the researched lakes were calculated and analyzed using GIS. On the basis of morphometric characteristics and taking into account the features of the geological structure, topography, hydrographic network of the territory and vegetation features of the superaqual complex, judgments are made about the genesis of the considered lakes.
Extraction-membrane technology for processing oil-based mud
Authors: Blanco-Pedrekhon A M , Shibanov I V , Motuzenko N D , Kagramanov G G
Published: April 2021

The article presents the methods of waste oil-based mud (OBM) treatment by the combined extraction-membrane separation method. The efficiency of various solvents for the hydrocarbon base extraction from drill cuttings is considered and it is found that hexane is the most promising one. The estimation of operating costs for carrying out the OBM treatment using the organic solvent nanofiltration technology are of 0.6-0.84 $/l.
Development of a mathematical model of wind waves in the area of the proposed construction of a hydraulic structure
Authors: Istomin E , Martyn I , Petrov Y , Stepanov S , Sidorenko A
Published: April 2021

The article presents a non-stationary two-dimensional hydrostatic model of wave propagation in the water area of the port of the Bay of Five Hunters, protected by a coastal protection structure in the form of a breakwater. The work uses the methods of mathematical modeling in the Delphi development environment. The results obtained are presented in graphical form, where different wave heights and maximum wave amplitudes are displayed using a color palette. The consistency of the obtained calculations with physical laws is shown, the effectiveness of the construction of a coastal protection structure is analyzed.
Principles of system analysis for sustainable electric power supply to agro-industrial complexes operating in energy isolated territories
Authors: Arkhipova O V
Published: April 2021

The article considers application of principles of system analysis while solving the problems of sustainable electric power supply of agro-industrial complexes operating on energy-insulated territories. The involvement of renewable energy sources in electricity generation is substantiated. The term “regionally isolated electrotechnical complex” is introduced. The principles of the theory of system analysis with regard to a regionally isolated electrotechnical complex - were considered: emergence, optimality and equifinality. It is proposed, when solving the problems of sustainable supply of electricity to agro-industrial complexes operating in energy-isolated territories, to proceed from decomposition approaches to assessing the sustainability of development by integral indicator of levelized cost of electricity LCOER.
A Robust Test for Additive Gene-Environment Interaction Under the Trend Effect of Genotype Using an Empirical Bayes-Type Shrinkage Estimator
Authors: Sanyal Nilotpal , Napolioni Valerio , de Rochemonteix Matthieu , Belloy Michaël E , Caporaso Neil E , Landi Maria Teresa , Greicius Michael D , Chatterjee Nilanjan , Han Summer S
Published: April 2021

Evaluating gene by environment (G × E) interaction under an additive risk model (i.e., additive interaction) has gained wider attention. Recently, statistical tests have been proposed for detecting additive interaction, utilizing an assumption on gene-environment (G-E) independence to boost power, that do not rely on restrictive genetic models such as dominant or recessive models. However, a major limitation of these methods is a sharp increase in type I error when this assumption is violated. Our goal was to develop a robust test for additive G × E interaction under the trend effect of genotype, applying an empirical Bayes-type shrinkage estimator of the relative excess risk due to interaction. The proposed method uses a set of constraints to impose the trend effect of genotype and builds an estimator that data-adaptively shrinks an estimator of relative excess risk due to interaction obtained under a general model for G-E dependence using a retrospective likelihood framework. Numerical study under varying levels of departures from G-E independence shows that the proposed method is robust against the violation of the independence assumption while providing an adequate balance between bias and efficiency compared with existing methods. We applied the proposed method to the genetic data of Alzheimer disease and lung cancer.
pDriver: a novel method for unravelling personalized coding and miRNA cancer drivers
Authors: Pham Vu V H , Liu Lin , Bracken Cameron P , Nguyen Thin , Goodall Gregory J , Li Jiuyong , Le Thuc D
Published: April 2021

Motivation

Unravelling cancer driver genes is important in cancer research. Although computational methods have been developed to identify cancer drivers, most of them detect cancer drivers at population level. However, two patients who have the same cancer type and receive the same treatment may have different outcomes because each patient has a different genome and their disease might be driven by different driver genes. Therefore new methods are being developed for discovering cancer drivers at individual level, but existing personalized methods only focus on coding drivers while microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to drive cancer progression as well. Thus, novel methods are required to discover both coding and miRNA cancer drivers at individual level.

Results

We propose the novel method, pDriver, to discover personalized cancer drivers. pDriver includes two stages: (i) constructing gene networks for each cancer patient and (ii) discovering cancer drivers for each patient based on the constructed gene networks. To demonstrate the effectiveness of pDriver, we have applied it to five TCGA cancer datasets and compared it with the state-of-the-art methods. The result indicates that pDriver is more effective than other methods. Furthermore, pDriver can also detect miRNA cancer drivers and most of them have been confirmed to be associated with cancer by literature. We further analyze the predicted personalized drivers for breast cancer patients and the result shows that they are significantly enriched in many GO processes and KEGG pathways involved in breast cancer.

Availability and implementation

pDriver is available at https://github.com/pvvhoang/pDriver.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
DeepGraphGO: graph neural network for large-scale, multispecies protein function prediction
Authors: You Ronghui , Yao Shuwei , Mamitsuka Hiroshi , Zhu Shanfeng
Published: April 2021

Motivation

Automated function prediction (AFP) of proteins is a large-scale multi-label classification problem. Two limitations of most network-based methods for AFP are (i) a single model must be trained for each species and (ii) protein sequence information is totally ignored. These limitations cause weaker performance than sequence-based methods. Thus, the challenge is how to develop a powerful network-based method for AFP to overcome these limitations.

Results

We propose DeepGraphGO, an end-to-end, multispecies graph neural network-based method for AFP, which makes the most of both protein sequence and high-order protein network information. Our multispecies strategy allows one single model to be trained for all species, indicating a larger number of training samples than existing methods. Extensive experiments with a large-scale dataset show that DeepGraphGO outperforms a number of competing state-of-the-art methods significantly, including DeepGOPlus and three representative network-based methods: GeneMANIA, deepNF and clusDCA. We further confirm the effectiveness of our multispecies strategy and the advantage of DeepGraphGO over so-called difficult proteins. Finally, we integrate DeepGraphGO into the state-of-the-art ensemble method, NetGO, as a component and achieve a further performance improvement.

Availability and implementation

https://github.com/yourh/DeepGraphGO.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Predicting mechanism of action of novel compounds using compound structure and transcriptomic signature coembedding
Authors: Jang Gwanghoon , Park Sungjoon , Lee Sanghoon , Kim Sunkyu , Park Sejeong , Kang Jaewoo
Published: April 2021

Motivation

Identifying mechanism of actions (MoA) of novel compounds is crucial in drug discovery. Careful understanding of MoA can avoid potential side effects of drug candidates. Efforts have been made to identify MoA using the transcriptomic signatures induced by compounds. However, these approaches fail to reveal MoAs in the absence of actual compound signatures.

Results

We present MoAble, which predicts MoAs without requiring compound signatures. We train a deep learning-based coembedding model to map compound signatures and compound structure into the same embedding space. The model generates low-dimensional compound signature representation from the compound structures. To predict MoAs, pathway enrichment analysis is performed based on the connectivity between embedding vectors of compounds and those of genetic perturbation. Results show that MoAble is comparable to the methods that use actual compound signatures. We demonstrate that MoAble can be used to reveal MoAs of novel compounds without measuring compound signatures with the same prediction accuracy as that with measuring them.

Availability and implementation

MoAble is available at https://github.com/dmis-lab/moable

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
MassExplorer: a computational tool for analyzing desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry data
Authors: Shankar Vishnu , Tibshirani Robert , Zare Richard N
Published: April 2021

In the last few years, desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI) has been increasingly used for simultaneous detection of thousands of metabolites and lipids from human tissues and biofluids. To successfully find the most significant differences between two sets of DESI-MSI data (e.g., healthy vs disease) requires the application of accurate computational and statistical methods that can pre-process the data under various normalization settings and help identify these changes among thousands of detected metabolites. Here, we report MassExplorer, a novel computational tool, to help pre-process DESI-MSI data, visualize raw data, build predictive models using the statistical lasso approach to select for a sparse set of significant molecular changes, and interpret selected metabolites. This tool, which is available for both online and offline use, is flexible for both chemists and biologists and statisticians as it helps in visualizing structure of DESI-MSI data and in analyzing the statistically significant metabolites that are differentially expressed across both sample types. Based on the modules in MassExplorer, we expect it to be immediately useful for various biological and chemical applications in mass spectrometry.

Availability and implementation

MassExplorer is available as an online R-Shiny application or Mac OS X compatible standalone application. The application, sample performance, source code and corresponding guide can be found at: https://zarelab.com/research/massexplorer-a-tool-to-help-guide-analysis-of-mass-spectrometry-samples/.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.