bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Mobile Health Platforms for Depression and Anxiety: Content Analysis Through a Systematic Review of the Literature and Systematic Search of Two App Stores
Authors: Leong Qiao Ying , Sridhar Shreya , Blasiak Agata , Tadeo Xavier , Yeo GeckHong , Remus Alexandria , Ho Dean
Published: November 2021

Background

Mobile health (mHealth) platforms show promise in the management of mental health conditions such as anxiety and depression. This has resulted in an abundance of mHealth platforms available for research or commercial use.

Objective

The objective of this review is to characterize the current state of mHealth platforms designed for anxiety or depression that are available for research, commercial use, or both.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted using a two-pronged approach: searching relevant literature with prespecified search terms to identify platforms in published research and simultaneously searching 2 major app stores—Google Play Store and Apple App Store—to identify commercially available platforms. Key characteristics of the mHealth platforms were synthesized, such as platform name, targeted condition, targeted group, purpose, technology type, intervention type, commercial availability, and regulatory information.

Results

The literature and app store searches yielded 169 and 179 mHealth platforms, respectively. Most platforms developed for research purposes were designed for depression (116/169, 68.6%), whereas the app store search reported a higher number of platforms developed for anxiety (Android: 58/179, 32.4%; iOS: 27/179, 15.1%). The most common purpose of platforms in both searches was treatment (literature search: 122/169, 72.2%; app store search: 129/179, 72.1%). With regard to the types of intervention, cognitive behavioral therapy and referral to care or counseling emerged as the most popular options offered by the platforms identified in the literature and app store searches, respectively. Most platforms from both searches did not have a specific target age group. In addition, most platforms found in app stores lacked clinical and real-world evidence, and a small number of platforms found in the published research were available commercially.

Conclusions

A considerable number of mHealth platforms designed for anxiety or depression are available for research, commercial use, or both. The characteristics of these mHealth platforms greatly vary. Future efforts should focus on assessing the quality—utility, safety, and effectiveness—of the existing platforms and providing developers, from both commercial and research sectors, a reporting guideline for their platform description and a regulatory framework to facilitate the development, validation, and deployment of effective mHealth platforms.
Home-Based Exercise Program for Patients With Combined Advanced Chronic Cardiac and Pulmonary Diseases: Exploratory Study (Preprint)
Authors: Herkert Cyrille , Graat-Verboom Lidwien , Gilsing-Fernhout Judith , Schols Manon , Kemps Hareld Marijn Clemens
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND

As chronic cardiac and pulmonary diseases often coexist, there is a need for combined physical home-based rehabilitation programs, specifically addressing older patients with advanced disease stages.

OBJECTIVE

The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the completion and adherence rates of an 8-week, home-based exercise program for patients with advanced cardiopulmonary disease. The secondary end points include patient satisfaction; adverse events; and program efficacy in terms of change in functional capacity, level of dyspnea, and health-related quality of life.

METHODS

The participants received a goal-oriented, home-based exercise program, and they used a wrist-worn activity tracker to record their exercise sessions. Activity tracker data were made visible on a digital platform, which was also equipped with several other features such as short instruction videos on how to perform specific exercises. The participants received weekly coaching by a physiotherapist and an occupational therapist through video communication.

RESULTS

In all, 10 patients with advanced combined cardiopulmonary disease participated (median age 71, IQR 63-75 years), and 50% (5/10) were men. Of the 10 participants, 9 (90%) completed the 8-week program. Median adherence to the exercise prescription was 75% (IQR 37%-88%), but it declined significantly when the program was divided into 2-week periods (first 2 weeks: 86%, IQR 51%-100%, and final 2 weeks: 57%, IQR 8%-75%; P=.03). The participants were highly satisfied with the program (Client Satisfaction Questionnaire: median score 29, IQR 26-32, and Purpose-Designed Questionnaire: median score 103, IQR 92-108); however, of the 9 participants, 4 (44%) experienced technical issues. The Patient-Specific Complaints Instrument scores declined, indicating functional improvement (from median 7.5, IQR 6.1-8.9, to median 5.7, IQR 3.8-6.7; P=.01). Other program efficacy metrics showed a trend toward improvement.

CONCLUSIONS

Home-based cardiopulmonary telerehabilitation for patients with severe combined cardiopulmonary disease is feasible in terms of high completion and satisfaction rates. Nevertheless, a decrease in adherence during the program was observed, and some of the participants reported difficulties with the technology, indicating the importance of the integration of behavior change techniques, using appropriate technology.

CLINICALTRIAL

Netherlands Trial Register NL9182; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/9182
Health Information Needs of Young Chinese People Based on an Online Health Community: Topic and Statistical Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Jie , Wang Xin , Wang Lei , Peng Yan
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND

The internet has been widely accessible and well accepted by young people; however, there is a limited understanding of the internet usage patterns and characteristics on issues related to health problems. The contents posted on online health communities (OHCs) are valuable resources to learn about youth's health information needs.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we concurrently exploited statistical analysis and topic analysis of online health information needs to explore the distribution, impact factors, and topics of interest relevant to Chinese young people.

METHODS

We collected 60,478 health-related data sets posted by young people from a well-known Chinese OHC named xywy.com. Descriptive statistical analysis and correlation analysis were applied to find the distribution and influence factors of the information needs of Chinese young people. Furthermore, a general 4-step topic mining strategy was presented for sparse short texts, which included sentence vectorization, dimension reduction, clustering, and keyword generation.

RESULTS

In the Chinese OHC, Chinese young people had a high demand for information in the areas of gynecology and obstetrics, internal medicine, dermatology, plastic surgery, and surgery, and they focused on topics such as treatment, symptoms, causes, pathology, and diet. Females accounted for 69.67% (42,136/60,478) and young adults accounted for 87.44% (52,882/60,478) of all data. Gender, age, and disease type all had a significant effect on young people's information needs and topic preferences (P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

We conducted comprehensive analyses to discover the online health information needs of Chinese young people. The research findings are of great practical value to carry out health education and health knowledge dissemination inside and outside of schools according to the interests of youth, enable the innovation of information services in OHCs, and improve the health literacy of young people.
Island Study Linking Aging and Neurodegenerative Disease (ISLAND) Targeting Dementia Risk Reduction: Protocol for a Prospective Web-Based Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Bartlett Larissa , Doherty Kathleen , Farrow Maree , Kim Sarang , Hill Edward , King Anna , Alty Jane , Eccleston Claire , Kitsos Alex , Bindoff Aidan , Vickers James C
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND

Up to 40% of incident dementia is considered attributable to behavioral and lifestyle factors. Given the current lack of medical treatments and the projected increase in dementia prevalence, a focus on prevention through risk reduction is needed.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to increase dementia risk knowledge and promote changes in dementia risk behaviors at individual and population levels.

METHODS

The Island Study Linking Aging and Neurodegenerative Disease (ISLAND) is a long-term prospective, web-based cohort study with nested interventions that will be conducted over a 10-year period. Target participants (n=10,000) reside in Tasmania and are aged 50 years or over. Survey data on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to modifiable dementia risk factors will be collected annually. After each survey wave, participants will be provided with a personalized dementia risk profile containing guidelines for reducing risk across 9 behavioral and lifestyle domains and with opportunities to engage in educational and behavioral interventions targeting risk reduction. Survey data will be modeled longitudinally with intervention engagement indices, cognitive function indices, and blood-based biomarkers, to measure change in risk over time.

RESULTS

In the initial 12 months (October 2019 to October 2020), 6410 participants have provided baseline data. The study is ongoing.

CONCLUSIONS

Recruitment targets are feasible and efforts are ongoing to achieve a representative sample. Findings will inform future public health dementia risk reduction initiatives by showing whether, when, and how dementia risk can be lowered through educational and behavioral interventions, delivered in an uncontrolled real-world context.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/34688
Electronic Health Records that Support Health Professional Practice Reflection: A Missed Opportunity in Digital Health (Preprint)
Authors: Janssen Anna , Kay Judy , Talic Stella , Pusci Martin , Birnbaum Robert J. , Cavalcanti Rodrigo , Gasevic Dragan , Shaw Tim
Published: November 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

A foundational component of Digital Health involves collecting and leveraging electronic health data to improve health and wellbeing. One of the central technologies for collecting these data are Electronic Health Records (EHRs). In this Viewpoint we argue that EHRs are a rich source of information on the performance of health professionals and healthcare teams that could be harnessed to support practice reflection and behaviour change. We contextualise the intersection between Digital Health and data-driven practice reflection, including providing an overview of the role of EHRs underpinning technology innovation in healthcare. Subsequently we advocate for designers of EHRs to give more consideration to the value of these systems for supporting practice reflection by health professionals.
Platelet Abnormalities in CKD and Their Implications for Antiplatelet Therapy
Authors: Baaten Constance C.F.M.J. , Schröer Jonas R. , Floege Jürgen , Marx Nikolaus , Jankowski Joachim , Berger Martin , Noels Heidi
Published: November 2021

Patients with CKD display a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular and thromboembolic complications, with around half of patients with advanced CKD ultimately dying of cardiovascular disease. Paradoxically, these patients also have a higher risk of hemorrhages, greatly complicating patient therapy. Platelets are central to hemostasis, and altered platelet function resulting in either platelet hyper- or hyporeactivity may contribute to thrombotic or hemorrhagic complications. Different molecular changes have been identified that may underlie altered platelet activity and hemostasis in CKD. In this study, we summarize the knowledge on CKD-induced aberrations in hemostasis, with a special focus on platelet abnormalities. We also discuss how prominent alterations in vascular integrity, coagulation, and red blood cell count in CKD may contribute to altered hemostasis in these patients who are high risk. Furthermore, with patients with CKD commonly receiving antiplatelet therapy to prevent secondary atherothrombotic complications, we discuss antiplatelet treatment strategies and their risk versus benefit in terms of thrombosis prevention, bleeding, and clinical outcome depending on CKD stage. This reveals a careful consideration of benefits versus risks of antiplatelet therapy in patients with CKD, balancing thrombotic versus bleeding risk. Nonetheless, despite antiplatelet therapy, patients with CKD remain at high cardiovascular risk. Thus, deep insights into altered platelet activity in CKD and underlying mechanisms are important for the optimization and development of current and novel antiplatelet treatment strategies, specifically tailored to these patients who are high risk. Ultimately, this review underlines the importance of a closer investigation of altered platelet function, hemostasis, and antiplatelet therapy in patients with CKD.
Consumer Preferences toward Goat Milk
Authors: Agustina Yohana , Mulyo Jangkung Handoyo , Waluyati Lestari Rahayu , Mazwan M. Zul
Published: November 2021

The high level of business competition in this current globalization requires companies to produce quality products. Among the efforts of product improvement is through understanding consumer preferences. This study aims to identify consumer preferences of several attribute combinations of goat milk branded Bumiku Hijau, Yogyakarta. Conjoint analysis with pairwise-comparison was employed in this study. The combination of attributes analyzed were price, flavor variant, types of milk, and packaging. Results showed that the best combination results were obtained on stimuli number 13 with a total usability value of 3.709, which was 0.356 on the product price. The chocolate flavor variant attributes to the largest total usability value of 0.166. Based on the type of milk, the total usability value of powdered milk (skim) is 0.073, and the highest usability value was obtained through carton packaging (200gr) of 0.077. Consumers favored powdered goat milk products with new flavor variants that suit teenagers and adults. They also want 100 gr product packaging as it is easier to measure and consume.
Roads to objectivity: Quantum Darwinism, Spectrum Broadcast Structures, and Strong quantum Darwinism – a review
Authors: Korbicz J. K.
Published: November 2021

The problem of objectivity, i.e. how to explain on quantum grounds the objective character of the macroscopic world, is one of the aspects of the celebrated quantum-to-classical transition. Initiated by W. H. Zurek and collaborators, this problem gained some attention recently with several approaches being developed. The aim of this work is to compare three of them: quantum Darwinism, Spectrum Broadcast Structures, and strong quantum Darwinism. The paper is concentrated on foundations, providing a synthetic analysis of how the three approaches realize the idea of objectivity and how they are related to each other. As a byproduct of this analysis, a proof of a generalized Spectrum Broadcast Structure theorem is presented. Recent quantum Darwinism experiments are also briefly discussed.
MANAGING PLACENTA ACCRETA SPECTRUM IN LOW RESOURCE SETTING USING A NOVEL DISSECTION-FREE AORTA CLAMP: OPERATIVE TECHNIQUE
Authors: Paily Vakkanal , Sidhik Afshana , Raj Raji , Sudhamma Ajithakumari , Joseph Joshy , Usha M.G , George Raymond , Ramakrishnan Soumya , Cheriyan Sara , John Teena , Pradeep Manu
Published: November 2021

Objective: Surgical management of Placenta accreta spectrum
(PAS) is associated with profuse bleeding and increased risk of
operative injury to the adherent pelvic structures. We propose the use
of a novel aorta clamp that can occlude the abdominal aorta, without
retro-peritoneal dissection, thereby making it easy for the obstetrician
to use it. limiting the incident blood loss.

Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of 33 women, with
varying grades of histopathology confirmed PAS, who were managed as an
elective or emergency procedure in a tertiary center in India. In all
cases, the novel Paily Aorta Clamp (PAC) was applied just above the
bifurcation of the abdominal aorta.

Results: Twenty-nine women with advanced grades of PAS,
underwent sub-total hysterectomies while four women with low grade
(focal) PAS underwent a conservative procedure. The procedures were
associated with median estimated intra-operative blood loss of 1000 ±
1500 ml with only 51.5% (n = 17) requiring any blood transfusions. PAC
was applied for a median 55 ± 20 minutes and was not associated with any
peri-operative aortic wall injury or distal thromboembolic phenomenon.

Conclusion: Aortic clamping is feasible without retroperitoneal
dissection using the PAC, which can be used to limit operative blood
loss and surgical morbidity in PAS disorders.
Downregulation of Erythrocyte miR-210 Induces Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Zhou Zhichao , Collado Aida , Sun Changyan , Tratsiakovich Yahor , Mahdi Ali , Winter Hanna , Chernogubova Ekaterina , Seime Till , Narayanan Sampath , Jiao Tong , Jin Hong , Alvarsson Michael , Zheng Xiaowei , Yang Jiangning , Hedin Ulf , Catrina Sergiu-Bogdan , Maegdefessel Lars , Pernow John
Published: November 2021

Red blood cells (RBC) act as mediators of vascular injury in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). miR-210 plays a protective role in cardiovascular homeostasis and is decreased in whole blood of T2DM mice. We hypothesized that downregulation of RBC miR-210 induces endothelial dysfunction in T2DM. RBC were coincubated with arteries and endothelial cells ex vivo and transfused in vivo to identify the role of miR-210 and its target protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) in endothelial dysfunction. RBC from patients with T2DM and diabetic rodents induced endothelial dysfunction ex vivo and in vivo. miR-210 levels were lower in human RBC from patients with T2DM (T2DM RBC) than in RBC from healthy subjects. Transfection of miR-210 in human T2DM RBC rescued endothelial function, whereas miR-210 inhibition in healthy subjects RBC or RBC from miR-210 knockout mice impaired endothelial function. Human T2DM RBC decreased miR-210 expression in endothelial cells. miR-210 expression in carotid artery plaques was lower in T2DM patients than in patients without diabetes. Endothelial dysfunction induced by downregulated RBC miR-210 involved PTP1B and reactive oxygen species. miR-210 mimic attenuated endothelial dysfunction induced by RBC via downregulating vascular PTP1B and oxidative stress in diabetic mice in vivo. These data reveal that the downregulation of RBC miR-210 is a novel mechanism driving the development of endothelial dysfunction in T2DM.
Design and fabrication of personalized knee prostheses by laser-based powder bed fusion: Influence of manufacturing process on geometric accuracy
Authors: Liverani Erica , Sancisi Nicola , Conconi Michele , Fortunato Alessandro
Published: November 2021

The manufacture of metal prostheses by a laser-based powder bed fusion process allows the definition of more effective customized prostheses, increasing the functionality of the operated joint, reducing the risk of implant failure, and increasing the time before revision. For this personalization to be successful, a high accuracy is required when fabricating the prosthesis surfaces. Aiming to understand the performance of this manufacturing process, this article reports the results in terms of geometrical accuracy of a cobalt-chrome alloy knee prosthesis at different process and postprocess conditions. The prosthesis was designed based on experimental data of a real subject. Starting from medical images, a personalized mathematical model of the knee featuring ligament and contact constraints was defined and used to determine the shape of the implant. The process and post-treatment parameters were defined to limit the residual stress of the component after the support removal, in order to minimize geometrical deformations. The optimal process parameters were obtained by experimental tests in combination with a simulation software for the prediction of thermomechanical deformation. The overall manufacturing procedure was validated by comparing the designed and obtained geometry, measured through an optoelectronic system and a laser scanner. Also, the properties of the components in terms of density, hardness, and roughness were verified. The results show that the proposed design procedure is feasible and accurate, reaching an average deviation between the theoretical and obtained surface of −0.02 ± 0.18 mm. The overall procedure also increased the hardness of the prosthesis.
Optimization of processing parameters of ultrashort (100 fs–2 ps) pulsed laser shock peening of stainless steel
Authors: Kukreja Lalit Mohan , Hoppius Jan S. , Elango Kishore , Macias Barrientos Marina , Pöhl Fabian , Walther Frank , Gurevich Evgeny , Ostendorf Andreas
Published: November 2021

The authors optimized the processing parameters of laser shock peening (LSP) of stainless steel, taken as a representative metal, using a Ti:sapphire laser with pulse durations in the range of 100 fs–2 ps. It was found that direct exposure of the metal surface to these laser pulses invariably resulted in the formation of laser induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) on the metal. If LSP was carried out under an aqueous confinement medium, the stainless steel surface was observed to get oxidized without the protective role of the sacrificial layer. Various sacrificial layers were optimized to prevent LIPSS and surface oxidation to achieve maximum peening efficiency. Attenuation of the laser energy due to filamentation and white light generation in the confinement medium of de-ionized water was studied. It was found that 100 fs laser pulses produced much earlier and longer filamentation than those with a pulse duration of 2 ps at the same pulse energy of about 1 mJ. The energy lost in the attenuation mechanisms of filamentation and white light generation was found to be about 60% at the laser pulse duration of 100 fs and only about 20% at 2 ps. These effects are explained in terms of self-focusing and self-phase modulation of the laser light. Keeping filamentation-free length of different confinement media, peening efficiency on stainless steel was investigated for 2 ps laser pulses at different laser fluences. It was found that the maximum achievable hardness of stainless steel increased proportionately with acoustic impedance of the used confinement medium.
Influence of the laser beam parameters in the laser assisted double wire welding with nontransferred arc process on the seam geometry of generatively manufactured structures
Authors: Bokelmann Tjorben , Tegtmeier Marijan , Lammers Marius , Hermsdorf Jörg , Kaierle Stefan , Emadmostoufi Sobhan , Mokrov Oleg , Sharma Rahul , Reisgen Uwe
Published: November 2021

The “laser assisted double wire welding with nontransferred arc” utilizes an arc burning between two laterally fed wires combined with a laser beam source and beam guidance. By oscillating in the transverse direction, the necessary thermal energy is put locally in a targeted manner and results in a homogeneous temperature profile overall. This leads to the uniform melting of the substrate surface so that complete fusion is achieved over the cross section. The linear oscillation of the laser beam is characterized by a sinusoidal function whose extrema are located in the edge regions of the melt pool and, due to the low velocity, pulls the melt pool apart. In this work, the influence of laser parameters on the seam geometry of generatively manufactured structures is investigated. These include pendulum amplitude, defocusing, and laser beam position of a disk laser with a wavelength at 1030 nm. This enables the selective adjustment of the seam width and seam height, thus allowing to generate structures of 316L at application rates of up to 21 kg/h using 400 A current for the arc [A. Barroi, J. Hermsdorf, U. Prank, and S. Kaierle, “A novel approach for high deposition rate cladding with minimal dilution with an arc – laser process combination,” Phys. Proc. 41, 249–254 (2013)]. In order to illustrate the effect of the laser beam on the melt pool, the processes are visually and thermally documented with a thermos camera and 300 fps. Furthermore, the influence of preheating by laser radiation on the seam quality and geometry is shown. The topology and geometry of the individual seams are determined using a confocal microscope. Thus, a minimal irregular seam of approximately 10 mm beginning at a defocusing of −1 mm and a laser beam position of −3.5 mm in the melt pool is achieved.
Ethnomathematics: Modelling the volume of solid of revolution at Buginese and Makassarese traditional foods
Authors: Busrah Zulfiqar , Pathuddin Hikmawati
Published: November 2021

Ethnomathematics can empirically improve the cognitive abilities of students in elementary and secondary schools. However, in undergraduate study, there are still limited studies on integrating ethnomathematics in learning resources. This study aims to apply interpolation in modelling polynomial functions and integral volume on the shape of Buginese and Makassarese traditional foods. Furthermore, it can be used by students as relevant learning resources regarding interpolation and the concept of volume of solid of revolution (VOSR). This is a qualitative study using an ethnographic approach. The data were collected through observations to obtain general information, interviews with informants to find out food-making techniques, and documentation to obtain physical models of each type of food. Data Analysis Techniques consist of the domain analysis to obtain an overview of Buginese and Makassarese traditional foods and the taxonomic analysis to categorize mathematical concepts obtained from the modeling and simulation. The result of this research reveals that lammang is suitable with the slabs. It can be represented as constant functions that revolved around the x-axis or the y-axis. While paso, bolu cukke, and cantik manis as well as barongko batara, Putu, and cucuru can be outlined in linear functions rotating about the x-axis, y-axis, or others fixed-line. They meet the criteria of the disks method. However, they are described in the function of polynomials of n-degree. The use of washers can be described in the model of blundered and sarang semut with a hole in the middle caused by the intersection of two curves rotated about the x-axis or the y-axis. For shells, the model can be applied to determine the cover volume of the cover of pisang ijo flour and onde-onde. Thus, all types of traditional foods in this study can be appropriate objects for a learning resource in modelling the VOSR.
PENGARUH KUNJUNGAN WISATAWAN MANCANEGARA, RATA-RATA PENGELUARAN DAN TINGKAT HUNIAN HOTEL TERHADAP PENDAPATAN INDONESIA PADA SEKTOR PARIWISATA
Authors: Munanda Rizki , Amar Syamsul
Published: November 2021

The aims of this study are to find out the impact of tourist arrival, tourist expenditure and hotel room occupancy on the income of tourism sector in Indonesia. This type of research is associative descriptive research, where the data used is secondary data from 1986 to 2016 obtained from the Central Statistics Agency and the Ministry of Tourism. Which are analysed using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. The results of this study have a indicate that tourist arrival and hotel room occupancy have a significant effect on the income of tourist in Indonesia.
ANALISIS DETERMINAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DAN KEMISKINAN DI SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Fitri Lili Manaulisda , Aimon Hasdi
Published: November 2021

This study aims to explain the determinants of economic growth and poverty in West Sumatra. This study using Simultaneous Equation Model to determine the effect of exogenous variables on endogenous variable, the analysis uses Indirect Least Square (ILS) method. This study uses a data panel (cross section and time series) sourced from the Central Statistics Agency of West Sumatra. The analysis results show that labor, investment, and unemployment has a significant effect on economic growth, otherthat investment, unemployment, and education has a significant effect on poverty, and poverty has a significant effect on economic growth.
PENGARUH UPAH MINIMUM PROVINSI, PENDIDIKAN DAN KESEHATAN TERHADAP KEMISKINAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Islami Nadia , Anis Ali
Published: November 2021

This research aims to examined the impactt of provincial minimum wage, education and health on poverty in Indonesia with the selected model is the Fixed Effect Model (FEM). The data used is panel data during the period 2012-2017, with the technique of collecting documentation data and library studies obtained from relevant institutions and agencies.The variables use are poverty, provincial minimum wage, education and health. The research method used is Ordinary Least Square (OLS). The estimation results show that, provincial minimum wage have a positive and significant effect on poverty in Indonesia. Education have a negative and significant effect on poverty in Indonesia. Health have a negative and its not significant effect on poverty in Indoneisa. Meanwhile simultaneously province minimum wage, education and health affect the poverty in Indonesia.
Task design and analysis of English reading teaching from the perspective of Activity Theory
Authors: Chen Meng , Alterazi Hassan A. , Lavin Noel Martin
Published: November 2021

From the perspective of Activity Theory (AT), this paper analyses the author's task-based teaching practice of English journal and newspaper reading and adopts a qualitative study approach to examine the influence of task design on students’ reading competence development. The tasks are designed mainly in the form of group work, highlighting the students as the subject and the regulating role of mediating artefacts, community, rules and division of labour. The data of students’ reflection journals, reading reports and group work records show that after the training of a series of tasks for eight units, students’ ability in reading English newspapers has been greatly developed, and they are also more confident in speaking and writing.
Evaluation of Sleep Architecture Using 24-hour Polysomnography in Patients Recovering from Critical Illness in an Intensive Care Unit and High Dependency Unit: A Longitudinal, Prospective, and Observational Study
Authors: Prajapat Brijesh , Gupta Nitesh , Chaudhry Dhruva , Santini Ario , Sandhya AS
Published: November 2021

Background and objective

The sleep architecture of critically ill patients being treated in Intensive Care Units (ICU) and High Dependency Units (HDU) is frequently unsettled and inadequate both qualitatively and quantitatively. The study aimed to investigate and elucidate factors influencing sleep architecture and quality in ICU and HDU in a limited resource setting with financial constraints, lacking human resources and technology for routine monitoring of noise, light and sleep promotion strategies in ICU.

Methods

The study was longitudinal, prospective, hospital-based, analytic, and observational. Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) pre hospitalisation scores were recorded. Patients underwent 24-hour polysomnography (PSG) with the simultaneous monitoring of noise and light in their environments. Patients stabilised in ICU were transferred to HDU, where the 24-hour PSG with the simultaneous monitoring of noise and light in their environments was repeated. Following PSG, the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ) was employed to rate patients’ sleep in both the ICU and HDU.

Results

Of 46 screened patients, 26 patients were treated in the ICU and then transferred to the HDU. The mean (SD) of the study population’s mean (SD) age was 35.96 (11.6) years with a predominantly male population (53.2% (n=14)). The mean (SD) of the ISI and ESS scores were 6.88 (2.58) and 4.92 (1.99), respectively. The comparative analysis of PSG data recording from the ICU and HDU showed a statistically significant reduction in N1, N2 and an increase in N3 stages of sleep (p<0.05). Mean (SD) of RCSQ in the ICU and the HDU were 54.65 (7.70) and 60.19 (10.85) (p-value = 0.04) respectively. The disease severity (APACHE II) has a weak correlation with the arousal index but failed to reach statistical significance (coeff= 0.347, p= 0.083).

Conclusion

Sleep in ICU is disturbed and persisting during the recovery period in critically ill. However, during recovery, sleep architecture shows signs of restoration.
Трансформация мужского костюма белорусcкой шляхты с жупаном
Authors: А.А. Барвенова
Published: November 2021

В эпоху Ренессанса произошла эволюция жупана: из военной одежды эпохи Средневековья он стал главным компонентом парадного костюма белорусского шляхтича. В статье предложены шесть основных причин появления репрезентативного мужского костюма с жупаном в ХVI в. Перечислено, почему костюм с жупаном господствовал в Беларуси до середины ХIХ в., приобретал богатые компоненты, в первую очередь слуцкий пояс, распространялся от магнатерии и шляхты к городской знати и мещанам. Одновременно с этим во время войн и восстаний ХVII–XIX вв. костюм с жупаном оставался военной одеждой. Показаны наиболее значимые археологические находки слуцких поясов.

The Renaissance period saw an evolution of zupan; this item of military costume worn during the medieval times became the main item of ceremonial dress of Belorussian szlachta. The paper provides six main reasons why the ceremonial male attire that included a zupan appeared in the 16th century. The author explains why such attire with a zupan prevailed in Belorussia until the middle of the 19th century, acquiring colorful components, first of all, a Slutsk belt, and was accepted as the main garment item, first, by the magnates and the szlachta, and, subsequently, by city nobility and lower middle class. The military also wore garments with zupans throughout wars and rebellions of the 17th–19th centuries. The most important archaeological finds of Slutsk belts are described.
КЕРАМИЧЕСКИЕ ФИМИАТЕРИИ ИЗ СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДНОГО КРЫМА И КУЛЬТ НИМФ В СЕВЕРНОМ ПРИЧЕРНОМОРЬЕ
Authors: Е.А. Попова
Published: November 2021

Статья посвящена анализу памятников, свидетельствующих о наличии культа нимф у населения Северного Причерноморья III в. до н. э. – первых веков н. э. Два миниатюрных алтарика с позднескифских городищ «Чайка» (рис. 1) и К ара-Тобе (рис. 2) воспроизводят сюжет хоровода нимф. Рельефы с Боспора с тем же сюжетом отличаются от них более реалистическим стилем изображения (рис. 3, 1). Миниатюрный вотивный рельеф из Херсонеса демонстрирует крайнюю степень примитивизации изображения этого сюжета (рис. 3, 2). Столь различные по стилю и времени воспроизведения одного и того же сюжета свидетельствуют об устойчивости его в религиозных представлениях населения Северного Причерноморья. Присутствие этого сюжета на алтариках, происходящих с так называемых позднескифских памятников, еще раз свидетельствует о значительной эллинизации населения Северо-Западного Крыма позднеэллинистического времени.

The paper reviews the sites, which provide evidence of the cult of nymphs among the population of the North Black Sea coastal area in the 3rd century Bc – first centuries AD. Two diminutive altars from chaika (Fig. 1) and Kara-Tobe (Fig. 2), which are Late Scythian settlements, reproduce a motif of nymphs’ circle dance. For comparison, reliefs from Bosporus with the same motif are noted for a more realistic style of representation (Fig. 3, 1). A diminutive votive relief from chersonese demonstrates an extreme degree of primitivism in representation of this motif (Fig. 3, 2). These reproductions of the same motif, so distinct in style and the period when it was depicted, demonstrate its stability in religious concepts of the population living in the North Black Sea coastal area. The presence of this motif on small altars coming from the so-called Late Scythian sites is another manifestation of a high level of Hellenization of the Northwest crimea in the Late Hellenistic period.
К ВОПРОСУ О ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИИ ПОЯСНЫХ НАКЛАДОК СО СЦЕНОЙ ОХОТЫ ИЗ СИБИРСКОЙ КОЛЛЕКЦИИ ПЕТРА I
Authors: В.Е. Маслов
Published: November 2021

Статья посвящена анализу изображения со сценой охоты на парных золотых поясных накладках из Сибирской коллекции Петра I. На основании изобразительных параллелей предлагается китайская версия происхождении этих накладок, которые по изображенным реалиям относятся к западноханьскому периоду.

The paper analyzes images featuring hunting scenes on paired gold belt mounts from the Siberian Collection of Peter I. Based on figurative parallels, it proposes a Chinese version of the origin of these mounts, which, as the analysis of the depicted scenes demonstrates, are referred to the Western Han period.
Костяные гребни из Бактрии: новый взгляд на иконографию изображений и технику изготовления
Authors: О.Ю. Арипджанов
Published: November 2021

Данная статья посвящена изучению костяных гребней, обнаруженных в ходе археологических работ на территории античной Бактрии (Северный Афганистан, южные области Узбекистана и Таджикистана). В исследовании разработана типология восьми односторонних и двухсторонних гребней (конец IV в. до н. э. – III в. н. э.), которые по форме разделены на типы и варианты. На основе классификации дана новая интерпретация некоторым находкам. Анализ техники нанесения изображений позволил установить, что, в частности, при изготовлении гребня с Дальварзинтепа мастер использовал заранее подготовленной шаблон (трафарет). Кроме того, представлен анализ назначения некоторых гребней, изучено влияние индийской культуры на сюжеты и форму гребней. Подробно рассмотрены техника и технология изготовления костяных гребней и представлена информация о сырьевой базе изделий из кости античного времени. Кроме того, приводятся разработки автора по обработке трубчатой кости и ее использованию для изготовления гребней, а также результаты дополнительных экспериментов по обработке этого материала.

This paper is devoted to the study of bone combs found during archaeological excavations in ancient Bactria (Northern Afghanistan, southern regions of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan). The study offers a typology of eight single-sided and double-sided combs (late 4th century BC – 3rd century AD), which are divided into types and variants based on their shape. The classification has been used to propose a new interpretation of some finds. For instance, the analysis of techniques used to make images on the combs suggests that, in order to make the comb from Dalvarizintepa, the craftsman used a pattern (stencil) prepared in advance. In addition to that, the paper analyzes functions of some combs, explores the impact of Indian culture on narrative scenes on the combs and their shape. Tools and techniques of making bone combs are reviewed in detail and information on raw material sources of bone items dated to the Classical Period is provided. Besides, the author describes his concepts about carving of tubular bones and their use for making combs as well as results of additional experiments conducted to carve this material.
Реконструкция женского головного убора второй половины II в. н. э. из Сендимиркинского могильника в Сурско-Свияжском междуречье
Authors: Н.С. Мясников , А.А. Мамонова , В.В. Гришаков
Published: November 2021

В статье приводится реконструкция женского головного убора второй половины II в. н. э. из Сендимиркинского могильника в Сурско-Свияжском междуречье. Благодаря хорошей сохранности, аккуратной полевой фиксации и профессиональному лабораторному изучению художником-реставратором текстиля удалось провести максимально полную и достоверную реконструкцию, включая текстильную часть изделия. Найдены надежные аналогии и прослежена дальнейшая эволюция данного головного убора в древностях сурских и окских финнов вплоть до середины V в. н. э.

The paper reconstructs female headwear from the Sendimirkinsk cemetery in the Sura–Sviyaga interfluve. Good state of preservation, accurate field recording and professional laboratory examination by a textile restorer made it possible to conduct full and reliable reconstruction of the item, including its textile components, to the maximum extent possible. Reliable analogies were identified and further evolution of this headwear design reflected in the artifacts of the Sura and Oka Finns in the period up to the mid-5th century AD was traced down.
НАЛЕПНЫЕ ГОЛОВКИ НА КЕРАМИКЕ ПОСЛЕДНЕГО ХАЛКОЛИТИЧЕСКОГО ГОРИЗОНТА ТЕЛЛЯ ЮНАЦИТЕ
Authors: В.И. Балабина
Published: November 2021

Налепные головки на керамике известны в небольшом количестве в культурах неолита и халколита Центральной и Южной Европы. Финальный горизонт этой эпохи на телле Юнаците не исключение. Количество налепных головок на разных памятниках соизмеримо с материалом из верхнего горизонта халколита телля Юнаците. Анализируется коллекция из чуть более 20 фрагментированных находок. Материал подразделяется на: головы-налепы со стенок закрытых сосудов (рис. 1), навершия крышек (рис. 2: 1–4; 3: 4), головы на краю открытых сосудов (рис. 2: 5; 3: 1), голова на стенке полой подставки (рис. 3: 2), голова от сосуда неясной формы (рис. 3: 5), плоские ручки в форме обобщенных голов (рис. 3: 3). Для поселения с очень крупными массивами керамики на всех горизонтах и еще более крупными ее объемами в слое налепных головок крайне мало, как для их символического понимания, так и для функционального. В наборах посуды в сгоревших постройках Юнаците сосудов с налепными головками не оказалось, т. е. в момент гибели поселка их уже не использовали. Малочисленность и мелкая фрагментарность могут указывать на привязку обломков сосудов с подобной маркировкой к более раннему периоду, возможно, к началу обитания на новом месте. Это могли быть фрагменты первых сосудов, вылепленных на Юнаците, которые, следуя традиции, специально украсили антропоморфными и зооморфными головками.

Applied relieves in the form of heads on the ceramics were quite common in the Neolithic and the Chalcolithic of central and southern Europe; however, judging by publications, they are few in number. The upper horizon dating to this age at Tell Yunatsite is no exception. It has yielded a little bit more than 20 fragments including applied relieves in the form of heads on the walls of closed vessels (Fig. 1), lid knobs (Fig. 2: 1–4; 3: 4), heads along the rim of open vessels (Fig. 2: 5; 3: 1), a head on the wall of a hollow stand (Fig. 3: 2), a head from a vessel of unclear form (Fig. 3: 5), flat handles shaped as roughly sketched heads (Fig. 3: 3). The number of this type of heads discovered at other sites is basically comparable to the number of such items found in the upper Chalcolithic horizon at Tell Yunatsite. Given that it is a settlement with very large assemblages of ceramics in all horizons and in the layer, the number of the applied heads found is very small to allow for understanding of their symbolism and functional use. No vessels with applied relieves in the form of heads were found at the structures of Yunatsite which were burned down. It means that when the settlement occupied for several decades was destroyed they were not in use any more. A scarce number of such heads that are present in very small fragments, probably, suggest that they date to an earlier period, maybe, the start-up of the tell occupation. These could be fragments of first vessels which were hand-made at Yunatsite and, following the tradition, were intentionally decorated with anthropomorphic and zoomorphic heads.
К ПРОБЛЕМЕ РАННИХ ФАЗ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ КАТАКОМБНЫХ КУЛЬТУР
Authors: В.И. Мельник
Published: November 2021

Накопление археологического материала и увеличение количества исследований со временем приводит к необходимости сделать некоторые общие заключения. Проблема утверждения и раннего распространения катакомбного культурного феномена эпохи средней бронзы требует такого освещения. Выделение форм катакомбных погребальных конструкций, их стратиграфическая последовательность и соотношение с пиками климатических изменений дает основания выделить фазы, которые составляют ранний этап становления и распространения катакомбного образования на просторах Азово-Кубанской равнины и юго-западной части Нижнего Подонья.

As time passes, accumulation of archaeological material and the increased number of studies necessitate some general conclusions. The emergence and the early spread of the Catacomb cultural phenomenon of the Middle Bronze Age call for such analysis. The identified forms of Catacomb burial constructions, their stratigraphic sequence and correlation with peaks of climatic changes provide grounds for singling out phases that constitute the early development stages of the Catacomb culture and its spread across vast areas of the Azov-Kuban Plain and the southwestern part of the Lower Don region.
КЛАД ПАНТИКАПЕЙСКИХ МОНЕТ НАЧАЛА III в. до н. э. С ХОРЫ ФАНАГОРИИ (2019 г.)
Authors: М.Г. Абрамзон , С.Н. Остапенко
Published: November 2021

В статье публикуется небольшой клад пантикапейских медных монет начала III в. до н. э., найденный на хоре Фанагории в 2019 г. Он включает типы «голова безбородого сатира / голова льва, осетр» с надчеканками в виде звезды и горита (Анохин, 1986. № 130) и «голова сатира / голова быка в ¾ влево» (Там же. № 132). Комплекс относится к подгруппе кладов, сокрытых в самом начале III в. до н. э. и отражающих второй этап денежного кризиса на Боспоре.

This paper is a publication of a small hoard of the early third century BC Panticapaeum coins found at the chora of Phanagoria in 2019. It includes the tetrachalkoy with Pan l. / lion head l., below sturgeon, countermarked with a star and bow in case (Anokhin, 1986. No. 130) and the dichalkoy with Pan l. / bull head l. (Ibid. No. 132). The hoard belongs to a subgroup of hoards concealed at the very beginning of the 3rd century BC, reflecting the second stage of the monetary crisis in the Bosporus.
РЕДКАЯ НАХОДКА НА РАННЕСРЕДНЕВЕКОВОМ ГОРОДИЩЕ ВЫЖЕГША
Authors: А.Е. Леонтьев , И.О. Гавритухин , И.А. Сапрыкина , Л.А. Пельгунова
Published: November 2021

В статье рассмотрены обстоятельства находки золотой накладки на поселении лесной зоны VII–IX вв. н. э. Публикуются данные рентгенофлюоресцентного анализа состава металла, приведены сведения о технике изготовления, а также о некоторых схожих по облику вещах. Высокая проба металла и очевидные античные традиции ювелирной технологии позволяют полагать, что предмет является продукцией позднеантичной – византийской или близкой им по уровню мастерской.

The paper reviews circumstances related to discovery of a gold plate at a settlement of the 7th–9th centuries located in the forest belt. It publishes data of the X- ray fluorescence analysis of the metal composition, provides data on the production technique as well as data on some artifacts of similar appearance. The high assay of the metal and clear jewelry traditions of the Classical period suggest that this item was made at a workshop dated to the Late Classical/Byzantine period or a shop of a similar level.