bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cabinet Reshuffles and Prime-Ministerial Performance in Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Grotz Florian , Kroeber Corinna , Kukec Marko
Published: July 2022

Prime ministers (PMs) significantly contribute to making parliamentary democracy work, but cabinet reshuffles can undermine the PM's ability to perform successfully. New ministers may have less policy expertise, intensify intra-cabinet struggles and hamper the control of government bureaucracy. This article explores the relationship between cabinet reshuffles and prime-ministerial performance in the new democracies of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Building on a data set covering 131 cabinets in 11 CEE countries between 1990 and 2018, we find that frequent cabinet reshuffles decrease prime-ministerial performance. In particular, the reshuffling of ministers belonging to other coalition parties than the PM's unfolds a strong negative effect on prime-ministerial performance, while reshuffles in core portfolios and turnover of ministers from the PM party have less negative consequences. These results have important implications for understanding executive politics and government stability in the dynamic environments of CEE democracies and beyond.
Political Oppositions in Democratic and Authoritarian Regimes: A State-of-the-Field(s) Review
Authors: Helms Ludger
Published: July 2022

Political opposition has long been one of the most dramatically understudied elements of real-world politics in contemporary democratic and authoritarian regimes. The past decade or so has, however, witnessed an upsurge of new opposition research that begs for a major state-of-the-field review. Interestingly, recent scholarship has focused more on manifestations of opposition in authoritarian and hybrid than in democratic systems, which indicates a latent reconceptualization of political opposition (setting aside older distinctions between regime-loyal opposition and regime-challenging forms of resistance, dissidence and contestation). With a focus on party-based forms of opposition, which have been widely considered to mark the most effective form of opposition, this review article takes stock and highlights key issues for future research as well as some inherent obstacles to the emergence of a more integrated field of cross-regime opposition studies.
Bismut Ricci flat manifolds with symmetries
Authors: Podestà Fabio , Raffero Alberto
Published: July 2022

We construct examples of compact homogeneous Riemannian manifolds admitting an invariant Bismut connection that is Ricci flat and non-flat, proving in this way that the generalized Alekseevsky–Kimelfeld theorem does not hold. The classification of compact homogeneous Bismut Ricci flat spaces in dimension$5$is also provided. Moreover, we investigate compact homogeneous spaces with non-trivial third Betti number, and we point out other possible ways to construct Bismut Ricci flat manifolds. Finally, since Bismut Ricci flat connections correspond to fixed points of the generalized Ricci flow, we discuss the stability of some of our examples under the flow.
Reacting to the Olive Branch: Hawks, Doves, and Public Support for Cooperation
Authors: Mattes Michaela , Weeks Jessica L.P.
Published: July 2022

A popular view holds that foreign policy hawks have an advantage at bringing about rapprochement with international adversaries. This idea is rooted in domestic politics: voters respond more favorably to efforts at reconciliation when their own leader has a hawkish rather than a dovish reputation. Yet, domestic reactions are only part of the equation—to succeed, rapprochement must also evoke a favorable response by the adversary. In this research note, we argue that hawks who make conciliatory gestures may face international liabilities that could offset their domestic advantages. Foreign audiences should view doves who make overtures as more sincere and should therefore be more willing to support cooperation with foreign doves than with foreign hawks. We field a pair of survey experiments to examine whether Americans respond differently when foreign hawks versus foreign doves deliver the olive branch. We find that foreign doves fare better at eliciting cooperation because they are deemed more sincere, though the prospect of military vulnerability limits how willing Americans are to respond positively even to a dove who makes a gesture. Thus, while past research has shown that hawks are better positioned domestically to initiate rapprochement, our findings suggest that they have a harder time eliciting a favorable response from the adversary.
Edgard Rivera-Valent�n: Boricua Planeteer
Authors: Cartier Kimberly
Published: July 2022

Inspired by the science infrastructure in their own backyard.
Allen Foster: Greasing Telescope Gears During a 7-Month-Long Night
Authors: Fl�rez Santiago
Published: July 2022

While overwintering in Antarctica, Foster maintains the South Pole Telescope facilities.
Kimberley Miner: Preserving Earth’s Biodiversity and Integrity
Authors: Scammell Alexandra
Published: July 2022

From Antarctica to the Arctic, Miner’s career as a climate scientist has taken her to Earth’s frozen areas to study the effects of climate change.
Lauren Haygood: Normalizing STEM in America’s Heartland
Authors: Sidik Saima
Published: July 2022

Community science builds bridges while generating valuable environmental data.
Sandeep Pai: A Just Transition to Clean Energy
Authors: Sidik Saima
Published: July 2022

Making sure people whose incomes rely on fossil fuels aren’t left behind as alternative energy sources become more established.
Sian Proctor: Community College Professor Goes to Space
Authors: Tripathy-Lang Alka
Published: July 2022

An Arizona educator finds she has the SpaceX factor to become an astronaut.
Chilling-induced phosphorylation of IPA1 by OsSAPK6 activates chilling tolerance responses in rice
Authors: Jia Meiru , Meng Xiangbing , Song Xiaoguang , Zhang Dahan , Kou Liquan , Zhang Junhui , Jing Yanhui , Liu Guifu , Liu Huihui , Huang Xiahe , Wang Yingchun , Yu Hong , Li Jiayang
Published: July 2022

Chilling is a major abiotic stress harming rice development and productivity. The C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR (CBF)-dependent transcriptional regulatory pathway plays a central role in cold stress and acclimation in Arabidopsis. In rice, several genes have been reported in conferring chilling tolerance, however, the chilling signaling in rice remains largely unknown. Here, we report the chilling-induced OSMOTIC STRESS/ABA-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 6 (OsSAPK6)-IDEAL PLANT ARCHITECTURE 1 (IPA1)-OsCBF3 signal pathway in rice. Under chilling stress, OsSAPK6 could phosphorylate IPA1 and increase its stability. In turn, IPA1 could directly bind to the GTAC motif on the OsCBF3 promoter to elevate its expression. Genetic evidence showed that OsSAPK6, IPA1 and OsCBF3 were all positive regulators of rice chilling tolerance. The function of OsSAPK6 in chilling tolerance depended on IPA1, and overexpression of OsCBF3 could rescue the chilling-sensitive phenotype of ipa1 loss-of-function mutant. Moreover, the natural gain-of-function allele ipa1-2D could simultaneously enhance seedling chilling tolerance and increase grain yield. Taken together, our results revealed a chilling-induced OsSAPK6-IPA1-OsCBF signal cascade in rice, which shed new lights on chilling stress-tolerant rice breeding.
Aggregative trans-eQTL analysis detects trait-specific target gene sets in whole blood
Authors: Dutta Diptavo , He Yuan , Saha Ashis , Arvanitis Marios , Battle Alexis , Chatterjee Nilanjan
Published: July 2022

Large scale genetic association studies have identified many trait-associated variants and understanding the role of these variants in the downstream regulation of gene-expressions can uncover important mediating biological mechanisms. Here we propose ARCHIE, a summary statistic based sparse canonical correlation analysis method to identify sets of gene-expressions trans-regulated by sets of known trait-related genetic variants. Simulation studies show that compared to standard methods, ARCHIE is better suited to identify “core”-like genes through which effects of many other genes may be mediated and can capture disease-specific patterns of genetic associations. By applying ARCHIE to publicly available summary statistics from the eQTLGen consortium, we identify gene sets which have significant evidence of trans-association with groups of known genetic variants across 29 complex traits. Around half (50.7%) of the selected genes do not have any strong trans-associations and are not detected by standard methods. We provide further evidence for causal basis of the target genes through a series of follow-up analyses. These results show ARCHIE is a powerful tool for identifying sets of genes whose trans-regulation may be related to specific complex traits.
NGC1818 unveils the origin of the extended main-sequence turn-off in young Magellanic Clouds clusters
Authors: Cordoni Giacomo , Milone Antonino P. , Marino Anna F. , Cignoni Michele , Lagioia Edoardo P. , Tailo Marco , Carlos Marília , Dondoglio Emanuele , Jang Sohee , Mohandasan Anjana , Legnardi Maria V.
Published: July 2022

The origin of young star clusters represents a major challenge for modern stellar astrophysics. While stellar rotation partially explains the colour spread observed along main-sequence turn-offs, i.e. where stars leave the main-sequence after the exhaustion of hydrogen in their core, and the multiple main sequences in the colour-magnitude diagrams of stellar systems younger than approximately 2 Gyr, it appears that an age difference may still be required to fulfill the observational constraints. Here we introduce an alternative approach that exploits the main-sequence turn-on, i.e. the point alongside the colour-magnitude diagram where pre-main-sequence stars join the main-sequence, to disentangle between the effects of stellar rotation and age to assess the presence, or lack thereof, of prolonged star formation in the approximately 40-Myr-old cluster NGC1818. Our results provide evidence for a fast star formation, confined within 8 Myr, thus excluding age differences as responsible for the extended main-sequence turn-offs, and leading the way to alternative observational perspectives in the exploration of stellar populations in young clusters.
Engineered bioorthogonal POLY-PROTAC nanoparticles for tumour-specific protein degradation and precise cancer therapy
Authors: Gao Jing , Hou Bo , Zhu Qiwen , Yang Lei , Jiang Xingyu , Zou Zhifeng , Li Xutong , Xu Tianfeng , Zheng Mingyue , Chen Yi-Hung , Xu Zhiai , Xu Huixiong , Yu Haijun
Published: July 2022

PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs) has been exploited to degrade putative protein targets. However, the antitumor performance of PROTACs is impaired by their insufficient tumour distribution. Herein, we present de novo designed polymeric PROTAC (POLY-PROTAC) nanotherapeutics for tumour-specific protein degradation. The POLY-PROTACs are engineered by covalently grafting small molecular PROTACs onto the backbone of an amphiphilic diblock copolymer via the disulfide bonds. The POLY-PROTACs self-assemble into micellar nanoparticles and sequentially respond to extracellular matrix metalloproteinase-2, intracellular acidic and reductive tumour microenvironment. The POLY-PROTAC NPs are further functionalized with azide groups for bioorthogonal click reaction-amplified PROTAC delivery to the tumour tissue. For proof-of-concept, we demonstrate that tumour-specific BRD4 degradation with the bioorthogonal POLY-PROTAC nanoplatform combine with photodynamic therapy efficiently regress tumour xenografts in a mouse model of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer. This study suggests the potential of the POLY-PROTACs for precise protein degradation and PROTAC-based cancer therapy.
Rational development of a combined mRNA vaccine against COVID-19 and influenza
Authors: Ye Qing , Wu Mei , Zhou Chao , Lu Xishan , Huang Baoying , Zhang Ning , Zhao Hui , Chi Hang , Zhang Xiaojing , Ling Dandan , Zhang Rong-Rong , Li Zhuofan , Luo Dan , Huang Yi-Jiao , Qiu Hong-Ying , Song Haifeng , Tan Wenjie , Xu Ke , Ying Bo , Qin Cheng-Feng
Published: July 2022

As the world continues to experience the COVID-19 pandemic, seasonal influenza remain a cause of severe morbidity and mortality globally. Worse yet, coinfection with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus (IAV) leads to more severe clinical outcomes. The development of a combined vaccine against both COVID-19 and influenza is thus of high priority. Based on our established lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated mRNA vaccine platform, we developed and characterized a novel mRNA vaccine encoding the HA antigen of influenza A (H1N1) virus, termed ARIAV. Then, ARIAV was combined with our COVID-19 mRNA vaccine ARCoV, which encodes the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein, to formulate the final combined vaccine, AR-CoV/IAV. Further characterization demonstrated that immunization with two doses of AR-CoV/IAV elicited robust protective antibodies as well as antigen-specific cellular immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 and IAV. More importantly, AR-CoV/IAV immunization protected mice from coinfection with IAV and the SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta variants. Our results highlight the potential of the LNP-mRNA vaccine platform in preventing COVID-19 and influenza, as well as other respiratory diseases.
Development of hybrid green nanocomposite polymeric beads doped with nano sulfated zirconia for effective removal of Cefotaxime antibiotic from aqueous solution
Authors: Gouda Marwa H. , Elessawy Noha A. , Toghan Arafat
Published: July 2022

Adsorption efficiency of Cefotaxime by novel nanocomposites beads composed of iota carrageenan (IC), sulfonated poly vinyl alcohol (SPVA) and nano sulfated zirconia (SZrO2) was evaluated in this study. SZrO2 was synthesized from solvent-free and easy calcination technique then embedded with 1–2.5 wt.% into the polymeric matrix. A batch adsorption experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of dosage, pH, beginning concentration, and time on Cefotaxime antibiotic adsorption. The ideal conditions to achieve complete removal are 88.97 mg L−1 initial cefotaxime concentration at time 3.58 h with 11.68 mg of beads composite with 2.5 wt.% of SZrO2. The pseudo second order kinetics model better illustrated the adsorption of cefotaxime on nanocomposite beads, and the maximum adsorption capacity are 659 mg g−1 for the composite with 2.5 wt.% of SZrO2. The mechanism of adsorption process depend mainly on the interactions between the different functional groups of SPVA, IC and SZrO2. The nanocomposites beads also exhibit excellent reproducibility after ten adsorption cycles. This type of nanocomposites beads can be easily separated from water without leaving any residue, verifying this novel nanocomposite beads has strong potential in water treatment for the antibiotic contaminant removal.
Protecting infrastructure performance from disinformation attacks
Authors: Jamalzadeh Saeed , Barker Kash , González Andrés D. , Radhakrishnan Sridhar
Published: July 2022

Disinformation campaigns are prevalent, affecting vaccination coverage, creating uncertainty in election results, and causing supply chain disruptions, among others. Unfortunately, the problems of misinformation and disinformation are exacerbated due to the wide availability of online platforms and social networks. Naturally, these emerging disinformation networks could lead users to engage with critical infrastructure systems in harmful ways, leading to broader adverse impacts. One such example involves the spread of false pricing information, which causes drastic and sudden changes in user commodity consumption behavior, leading to shortages. Given this, it is critical to address the following related questions: (i) How can we monitor the evolution of disinformation dissemination and its projected impacts on commodity consumption? (ii) What effects do the mitigation efforts of human intermediaries have on the performance of the infrastructure network subject to disinformation campaigns? (iii) How can we manage infrastructure network operations and counter disinformation in concert to avoid shortages and satisfy user demands? To answer these questions, we develop a hybrid approach that integrates an epidemiological model of disinformation spread (based on a susceptible-infectious-recovered model, or SIR) with an efficient mixed-integer programming optimization model for infrastructure network performance. The goal of the optimization model is to determine the best protection and response actions against disinformation to minimize the general shortage of commodities at different nodes over time. The proposed model is illustrated with a case study involving a subset of the western US interconnection grid located in Los Angeles County in California.
Exploiting gene dependency to inform drug development for multiple myeloma
Authors: Went Molly , Hoang Phuc H. , Law Philip J. , Kaiser Martin F. , Houlston Richard S.
Published: July 2022

Despite recent advances in therapy, multiple myeloma essentially remains an incurable malignancy. Targeting tumour-specific essential genes, which constitute a druggable dependency, potentially offers a strategy for developing new therapeutic agents to treat MM and overcome drug resistance. To explore this possibility, we analysed DepMap project data identifying 23 MM essential genes and examined the relationship between their expression and patient outcome in three independent series totalling 1503 cases. The expression ofTCF3andFLVCR1were both significantly associated with progression-free survival.IKBKBis already a drug target in other diseases, offering the prospect of repurposing to treat MM, whilePIM2is currently being investigated as a treatment for the disease. Our analysis supports the rationale of using large-scale genetic perturbation screens to guide the development of new therapeutic agents for MM.
Hypnotic enhancement of slow-wave sleep increases sleep-associated hormone secretion and reduces sympathetic predominance in healthy humans
Authors: Besedovsky Luciana , Cordi Maren , Wißlicen Laura , Martínez-Albert Estefanía , Born Jan , Rasch Björn
Published: July 2022

Sleep is important for normal brain and body functioning, and for this, slow-wave sleep (SWS), the deepest stage of sleep, is assumed to be especially relevant. Previous studies employing methods to enhance SWS have focused on central nervous components of this sleep stage. However, SWS is also characterized by specific changes in the body periphery, which are essential mediators of the health-benefitting effects of sleep. Here we show that enhancing SWS in healthy humans using hypnotic suggestions profoundly affects the two major systems linking the brain with peripheral body functions, i.e., the endocrine and the autonomic nervous systems (ANS). Specifically, hypnotic suggestions presented at the beginning of a 90-min afternoon nap to promote subsequent SWS strongly increased the release of growth hormone (GH) and, to a lesser extent, of prolactin and aldosterone, and shifted the sympathovagal balance towards reduced sympathetic predominance. Thus, the hypnotic suggestions induced a whole-body pattern characteristic of natural SWS. Given that the affected parameters regulate fundamental physiological functions like metabolism, cardiovascular activity, and immunity, our findings open up a wide range of potential applications of hypnotic SWS enhancement, in addition to advancing our knowledge on the physiology of human SWS.
Enantioselective phosphonation of isoquinolines via chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed dearomatization
Authors: Gao Zhenhua , Guo Yongbiao
Published: July 2022

An efficient and enantioselective phosphonation of isoquinolines via chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed dearomatization has been developed.
Li(110) lattice plane evolution induced by a 3D MXene skeleton for stable lithium metal anodes
Authors: Fang Yong-Zheng , Liang Sainan , Zhang Xu , Sang Junwu , Gao Shasha , Zhang Zhang , Zhu Kai , Cao Dianxue , Zhou Zhen
Published: July 2022

Designed 3D MXene skeletons can effectively induce the evolution of advantageous Li(110) facets, and contribute to a dendrite-free anode interface and bulk Li formation.
Water dynamics in the hydration shell of hyper-branched poly-ethylenimine
Authors: Zhang Jiaqi , Yan Yuyue , Wang Bin , Liu Liyuan , Li Shaoxian , Tian Zhen , Ouyang Chunmei , Gu Jianqiang , Zhang Xueqian , Chen Yu , Han Jiaguang , Zhang Weili
Published: July 2022

We performed THz and GHz dielectric relaxation spectroscopy to investigate the reorientational dynamics of water molecules in the hydration shell of amphiphilic hyper-branched poly-ethylenimine (HPEI).
Confirmation of gaseous methanediol from state-of-the-art theoretical rovibrational characterization
Authors: Davis Megan C. , Garrett Noah R. , Fortenberry Ryan C.
Published: July 2022

High-level rovibrational characterization of methanediol, the simplest geminal diol, using state-of-the-art, purelyab initiotechniques unequivocally confirms previously reported gas phase preparation of this simplest geminal diol in itsC2conformation.
Cumulant mapping as the basis of multi-dimensional spectrometry
Authors: Frasinski Leszek J.
Published: July 2022

Cumulants are the statistical quantities that enable multi-dimensional mass spectrometry to reconstruct molecules from partially observed fragments.
Controlled 3D assembly and stimuli responsive behavior of DNA and peptide functionalized gold nanoparticles in solutions
Authors: Pothukuchi Rajesh Pavan , Singh Udisha , Bhatia Dhiraj , Radhakrishna Mithun
Published: July 2022

Self assembly of DNA and peptide functionalized gold nanoparticles.
Mapping catalyst activation, turnover speciation and deactivation in Rh/PPh3-catalysed olefin hydroformylation
Authors: Bara-Estaún Alejandro , Lyall Catherine L. , Lowe John P. , Pringle Paul G. , Kamer Paul C. J. , Franke Robert , Hintermair Ulrich
Published: July 2022

Quantitative31PoperandoFlowNMR spectroscopy allows chartering the unknown territory of catalyst speciation under process conditions.
The effect of pro-/synbiotic supplementation on the brain-derived neurotrophic factor: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Foshati Sahar , Akhlaghi Masoumeh , Babajafari Siavash
Published: July 2022

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to investigate the impact of pro-/synbiotic supplementation on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels.
Effects of medium chain triglycerides on lipid metabolism in high-fat diet induced obese rats
Authors: Xia Jiaheng , Yu Ping , Zeng Zheling , Ma Maomao , Yan Xianghui , Zhao Junxin , Gong Deming , Zhang Guohua , Wang Jun
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to compare the effects of three different medium chain triglycerides (MCTs) on lipid metabolism in obese rats.
A gold nanobipyramid-based photothermal reagent with functions of targeting and activatable fluorescence labeling for visual photothermal therapy
Authors: Wu Xueke , Yan Chenyuan , Mu Lixuan , Wang Yuan , She Guangwei , Shi Wensheng
Published: July 2022

A gold nanobipyramid-based photothermal reagent with functions of targeting and activatable fluorescence labeling was constructed for visual photothermal therapy.
Toxic metal–organic gels using a unique pyridine–pyrazole based ligand with Pb(ii), Cd(ii) and Hg(ii) salts: multi-stimuli responsiveness and toxic dye adsorption
Authors: Roy Manasi , Adhikary Amit , Saha Sayan , Mondal Raju
Published: July 2022

The work presents herein the LMWG property of pyridine–pyrazole containing Schiff base ligand in presence of toxic heavy metals like Pb, Cd and Hg. These MOGs exhibited gel based remarkable toxic dye adsorption and multi-stimuli responsiveness.
Massive amplification of photoluminescence and exceptional water stability of MAPbBr3nanocrystals through core–shell nanostructure formation in a self-defence mechanism
Authors: Chatterjee Shovon , Khan Tanmoy , Sen Arghya , Das Nilimesh , Sen Pratik
Published: July 2022

Vulnerability to atmospheric conditions and their associated toxicity limit the practical/industrial use of perovskites despite their tremendous promise in optoelectronics.
Enhanced formaldehyde gas-sensing response based on indium oxide nanowires doped with same-valence metal cations
Authors: Niu J. Y. , Hong B. , Xu J. C. , Han Y. B. , Jin H. X. , Jin D. F. , Zeng Y. X. , Peng X. L. , Ge H. L. , Wang X. Q.
Published: July 2022

Same-valence Al, Sb and La are doped into In2O3 NWs via nanocasting method. The cation doping leads to lattice distortion to increase the surface adsorbed oxygen, which greatly improves HCHO gas-sensing performance.
Emission colours of bistable photochromic compounds: Ce-doped alkaline (Rb, K, Na)–indium fluorides
Authors: Gaudon Manuel , Andron Ines , Demourgues Alain , Rodriguez Vincent , Fargues Alexandre , Durand Etienne , Chiron Anthony , Frayret Christine , Jubera Véronique
Published: July 2022

The structural and spectroscopic properties of Ce3+-doped K3InF6, K2NaInF6 and Rb2KInF6 compounds are investigated.
Thermally driven phase transition of cobalt hydroxide sheets via cobalt oxides to cobalt nanoparticles
Authors: Yoon Aram , Kim Gyutae , Lee Minjeong , Lee Zonghoon , Ryu Gyoeng Hee
Published: July 2022

We investigated phase transitions of Co(OH)2 nanosheets by in situ scanning transmission electron microscopy heating experiments. The layered Co(OH)2 transformed to Co nanoparticles via CoO phases; spinel Co3O4 was formed with temperature reduction.
Phenothiazine and phenothiazine-5,5-dioxide-based push–pull derivatives: synthesis, photophysical, electrochemical and computational studies
Authors: Yadav Indresh Singh , Misra Rajneesh
Published: July 2022

Phenothiazine and phenothiazine-5,5-dioxide-based push–pull chromophores PTZ 1–6 were synthesized via Pd-catalyzed Sonogashira cross-coupling and [2+2] cycloaddition-retroelectrocyclic ring-opening reactions in good yields.
A novel metal-free ternary core–shell carbon sphere/C3N4/PPy nanocomposite for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Wu Xiaobo , Fan Huiqing , Wang Weijia , Lei Lin , Ma Longtao
Published: July 2022

A ternary core–shell metal-free supercapacitor composed of a CS/CN/PPy nanocomposite material was successfully fabricated via a CVD method and an in situ polymerization route.
Gadolinium-based ultra-small nanoparticles augment radiotherapy-induced T-cell response to synergize with checkpoint blockade immunotherapy
Authors: Song Huijuan , Sun Hao , He Ningning , Xu Chang , Wang Yan , Du Liqing , Liu Yang , Wang Qin , Ji Kaihua , Wang Jinhan , Zhang Manman , Gu Yeqing , Zhang Yumin , Feng Li , Tillement Olivier , Wang Weiwei , Liu Qiang
Published: July 2022

Synergistically enhancing mechanism of anti-tumor immunity by AGuIX-mediated RT-induced ICD and α-PD-1 blockade.
Highly [001]-oriented N-doped orthorhombic Nb2O5 microflowers with intercalation pseudocapacitance for lithium-ion storage
Authors: Liu Guangyin , Liu Shanshan , Chen Hao , Liu Xiaodi , Luo Xinwei , Li Xiu , Ma Jianmin
Published: July 2022

N-doped T-Nb2O5 microflowers (N-Nb2O5) assembled by [001]-oriented nanoflakes are prepared. The special structure of N-Nb2O5 endows them with improved electronic conductivity and pseudocapacitive behavior, leading to superior Li+ storage properties.
Robust ferromagnetism and Weyl half-semimetal in a two-dimensional vanadium boride monolayer
Authors: Wang Licheng , Yao Xiaojing , Sun Yi , Wu Weikang , He Ailei , Liu Yongjun , Zhang Xiuyun
Published: July 2022

VB28 monolayer, in which V atom sits in the hollow center of the hexagonal ring of bilayer boron sheets, is robust ferromagnetic half metal coupled with spin-polarized Weyl nodes.
The exploration of new infrared nonlinear optical crystals based on the polymorphism of BaGa4S7
Authors: Qian Zhen , Liu Haonan , Zhang Yujie , Wu Hongping , Hu Zhanggui , Wang Jiyang , Wu Yicheng , Yu Hongwei
Published: July 2022

Two new polymorphism of BaGa4S7was successfully discovered and synthesized. Among them, β-BaGa4S7exhibits the best balance among a large phase-matching SHG response and a wide band gap, as well as the stable physicochemical property.
Organic–inorganic hybrid cathode interlayer materials for efficient organic solar cells
Authors: Zhang Yuefeng , Li Mengdi , Fang Jie , Xia Dongdong , You Shengyong , Zhao Chaowei , Zhang Jicai , Li Weiwei
Published: July 2022

Organic–inorganic hybrid cathode interlayer materials in OSCs, which can not only lead to higher device efficiency and enhanced stability but also provide correlation between composition/structure and device performance, are summarized.
Capture and detection of SO2using a chemically stable Mg(ii)–MOF
Authors: Martínez-Ahumada Eva , Kim Dae won , Wahiduzzaman Mohammad , Carmona-Monroy Paulina , López-Olvera Alfredo , Williams Daryl R. , Martis Vladimir , Lara-García Hugo A. , López-Morales S. , Solis-Ibarra Diego , Maurin Guillaume , Ibarra Ilich A. , Hong Chang Seop
Published: July 2022

Mg2(dobpdc) was confirmed to be an optimal adsorbent for SO2capture showing high uptake and chemical stability to dry and humid SO2. Advanced molecular simulations have been coupled to determine the molecular mechanisms responsible for high SO2adsorption.
Connecting the dynamics and reactivity of arylboronic acids to emergent and stimuli-responsive material properties
Authors: Han Gun Su , Domaille Dylan W.
Published: July 2022

The stimuli-responsive material properties of arylboronate ester-based materials originate from the dynamics and reactivity of arylboronic acids.
Thiadiazole-functionalized metal–organic frameworks for photocatalytic C–N and C–C coupling reactions: tuning the ROS generation efficiencyviacobalt introduction
Authors: Wu Kun , Jin Ji-Kang , Liu Xin-Yi , Huang Yong-Liang , Cheng Pei-Wen , Xie Mo , Zheng Ji , Lu Weigang , Li Dan
Published: July 2022

The introduction of cobalt clusters endows MOF materials with a broader visible-light absorption and a higher ROS generation efficiency for photocatalysis under visible-light irradiation.
From BEYONDPLANCK to COSMOGLOBE: Preliminary WMAP Q-band analysis
Authors: Watts D. J. , Galloway M. , Ihle H. T. , Andersen K. J. , Aurlien R. , Banerji R. , Basyrov A. , Bersanelli M. , Bertocco S. , Brilenkov M. , Carbone M. , Colombo L. P. L. , Eriksen H. K. , Eskilt J. R. , Foss M. K. , Franceschet C. , Fuskeland U. , Galeotta S. , Gerakakis S. , Gjerløw E. , Hensley B. , Herman D. , Iacobellis M. , Ieronymaki M. , Jewell J. B. , Karakci A. , Keihänen E. , Keskitalo R. , Lunde J. G. S. , Maggio G. , Maino D. , Maris M. , Paradiso S. , Partridge B. , Reinecke M. , San M. , Stutzer N.-O. , Suur-Uski A.-S. , Svalheim T. L. , Tavagnacco D. , Thommesen H. , Wehus I. K. , Zacchei A.
Published: July 2022

We present the first application of the COSMOGLOBE analysis framework by analyzing nine-year WMAP time-ordered observations that uses similar machinery to that of BEYONDPLANCK for the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI). We analyzed only the Q-band (41 GHz) data and report on the low-level analysis process based on uncalibrated time-ordered data to calibrated maps. Most of the existing BEYONDPLANCK pipeline may be reused for WMAP analysis with minimal changes to the existing codebase. The main modification is the implementation of the same preconditioned biconjugate gradient mapmaker used by the WMAP team. Producing a single WMAP Q1-band sample requires 22 CPU-hrs, which is slightly more than the cost of a Planck 44 GHz sample of 17 CPU-hrs; this demonstrates that a full end-to-end Bayesian processing of the WMAP data is computationally feasible. In general, our recovered maps are very similar to the maps released by the WMAP team, although with two notable differences. In terms of temperature, we find a ∼2 μK quadrupole difference that most likely is caused by different gain modeling, while in polarization we find a distinct 2.5 μK signal that has been previously referred to as poorly measured modes by the WMAP team. In the COSMOGLOBE processing, this pattern arises from temperature-to-polarization leakage from the coupling between the CMB Solar dipole, transmission imbalance, and sidelobes. No traces of this pattern are found in either the frequency map or TOD residual map, suggesting that the current processing has succeeded in modeling these poorly measured modes within the assumed parametric model by using Planck information to break the sky-synchronous degeneracies inherent in the WMAP scanning strategy.
Infrared spectra of complex organic molecules in astronomically relevant ice mixtures
Authors: Rachid M. G. , Rocha W. R. M. , Linnartz H.
Published: July 2022

Context. The increasing sensitivity and resolution of ground-based telescopes have enabled the detection of gas-phase complex organic molecules (COMs) across a variety of environments. Many of the detected species are expected to form on the icy surface of interstellar grains and transfer later into the gas phase. Therefore, icy material is regarded as a primordial source of complex molecules in the interstellar medium. Upcoming James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations of interstellar ices in star-forming regions will reveal infrared (IR) features of frozen molecules with unprecedented resolution and sensitivity. To identify COM features in the JWST data, laboratory IR spectra of ices for conditions that simulate interstellar environments are needed.

Aims. This work provides laboratory mid-IR spectra of methyl cyanide (CH3CN, also known as acetonitrile) ice in its pure form and mixed with known interstellar molecules at cryogenic temperatures. The spectroscopic data presented in this work will support the interpretation of JWST ice observations and are made available to the community through the Leiden Ice Database for Astrochemistry (LIDA).

Methods. Fourier transform IR spectroscopy is used to record the mid-IR spectra (500–4000 cm−1/20–2.5 µm, with a resolution of 1 cm−1 ) of methyl cyanide (acetonitrile, CH3 CN) mixed with H2O, CO, CO2, CH4, NH3, H2O:CO2, and H2O:CH4:NH3, at temperatures ranging from 15 to 150 K. The refractive index (at 632.8 nm) of pure amorphous CH3CN ice at 15 K and the band strength of selected IR transitions are also measured.

Results. We present a variety of reference mid-IR spectra of frozen CH3CN that can be compared to astronomical ice observations. The peak position and full width at half maximum (FWHM) of six absorption bands of frozen methyl cyanide in its pure form and mixed ices, at temperatures between 15–150 K, are characterized. These bands are the following: the CH3 symmetric stretching at 2940.9 cm−1 (3.400 µm), the CN stretching at 2252.2 cm−1 (4.440 µm), a peak resulting from a combination of different vibrational modes at 1448.3 cm−1 (6.905 µm), the CH3 antisymmetric deformation at 1410 cm−1 (7.092 µm), the CH3 symmetric deformation at 1374.5 cm−1 (7.275 um), and the CH3 rock vibration at 1041.6 cm−1 (9.600 um). Additionally, the apparent band strength of these vibrational modes in mixed ices is derived. The laboratory spectra of CH3CN are compared to observations of interstellar ices toward W33A and three low-mass Young Stellar Objects (YSO). Since an unambiguous identification of solid methyl cyanide toward these objects is not possible, upper limits for the CH3CN column density are determined as ≤2.4 × 1017 molecules cm−2 for W33A and 5.2 × 1016, 1.9 × 1017, and 3.8 × 1016 molecules cm−2 for EC92, IRAS 03235, and L1455 IRS3, respectively. With respect to solid H2O, these values correspond to relative abundances of 1.9, 3.1, 1.3, and 4.1%, for W33A, EC92, IRAS 03235, and L1455 IRS3, respectively.
ALMA-IMF
Authors: Brouillet N. , Despois D. , Molet J. , Nony T. , Motte F. , Gusdorf A. , Louvet F. , Bontemps S. , Herpin F. , Bonfand M. , Csengeri T. , Ginsburg A. , Cunningham N. , Galván-Madrid R. , Maud L. , Busquet G. , Bronfman L. , Fernández-López M. , Jeff D. L. , Lefloch B. , Pouteau Y. , Sanhueza P. , Stutz A. M. , Valeille-Manet M.
Published: July 2022

Context. Hot cores are signposts of the protostellar activity of dense cores in star-forming regions. W43-MM1 is a young region that is very rich in terms of high-mass star formation, which is highlighted by the presence of large numbers of high-mass cores and outflows.

Aims. We aim to systematically identify the massive cores in W43-MM1 that contain a hot core and compare their molecular composition.

Methods. We used Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array (ALMA) high-spatial resolution (~2500 au) data to identify line-rich protostellar cores and carried out a comparative study of their temperature and molecular composition. Here, the identification of hot cores is based on both the spatial distribution of the complex organic molecules and the contribution of molecular lines relative to the continuum intensity. We rely on the analysis of CH3CN and CH3CCH to estimate the temperatures of the selected cores. Finally, we rescale the spectra of the different hot cores based on their CH3OCHO line intensities to directly compare the detections and line intensities of the other species.

Results. W43-MM1 turns out to be a region that is rich in massive hot cores. It contains at least one less massive (core #11, 2 M⊙) and seven massive (16−100 M⊙) hot cores. The excitation temperature of CH3CN, whose emission is centred on the cores, is of the same order for all of them (120–160 K). There is a factor of up to 30 difference in the intensity of the lines of complex organic molecules (COMs). However the molecular emission of the hot cores appears to be the same or within a factor of 2–3. This suggests that these massive cores, which span about an order of magnitude in core mass, have a similar chemical composition and show similar excitation of most of the COMs. In contrast, CH3CCH emission is found to preferentially trace the envelope, with a temperature ranging from 50 K to 90 K. Lines in core #11 are less optically thick, which makes them proportionally more intense compared to the continuum than lines observed in the more massive hot cores. Core #1, the most massive hot core of W43-MM1, shows a richer line spectrum than the other cores in our sample, in particular in N-bearing molecules and ethylene glycol lines. In core #2, the emission of O-bearing molecules, such as OCS, CH3OCHO, and CH3OH, does not peak at the dust continuum core centre; the blueshifted and redshifted emission corresponds to the outflow lobes, suggesting formation via sublimation of the ice mantles through shocks or UV irradiation on the walls of the cavity. These data establish a benchmark for the study of other massive star-formation regions and hot cores.
TheGaia-ESO survey: A spectroscopic study of the young open cluster NGC 3293
Authors: Morel T. , Blazère A. , Semaan T. , Gosset E. , Zorec J. , Frémat Y. , Blomme R. , Daflon S. , Lobel A. , Nieva M. F. , Przybilla N. , Gebran M. , Herrero A. , Mahy L. , Santos W. , Tautvaišienė G. , Gilmore G. , Randich S. , Alfaro E. J. , Bergemann M. , Carraro G. , Damiani F. , Franciosini E. , Morbidelli L. , Pancino E. , Worley C. C. , Zaggia S.
Published: July 2022

We present a spectroscopic analysis of the GIRAFFE and UVES data collected by theGaia-ESO survey for the young open cluster NGC 3293. Archive spectra from the same instruments obtained in the framework of the ‘VLT-FLAMES survey of massive stars’ are also analysed. Atmospheric parameters, non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) chemical abundances for six elements (He, C, N, Ne, Mg, and Si), or variability information are reported for a total of about 160 B stars spanning a wide range in terms of spectral types (B1 to B9.5) and rotation rate (up to 350 km s−1). Our analysis leads to about a five-fold increase in the number of cluster members with an abundance determination and it characterises the late B-star population in detail for the first time. We take advantage of the multi-epoch observations on various timescales and a temporal baseline, sometimes spanning ∼15 years, to detect several binary systems or intrinsically line-profile variables. A deconvolution algorithm is used to infer the current, true (deprojected) rotational velocity distribution. We find a broad, Gaussian-like distribution peaking around 200–250 km s−1. Although some stars populate the high-velocity tail, most stars in the cluster appear to rotate far from critical. We discuss the chemical properties of the cluster, including the low occurrence of abundance peculiarities in the late B stars and the paucity of objects showing CN-cycle burning products at their surface. We argue that the former result can largely be explained by the inhibition of diffusion effects because of fast rotation, while the latter is generally in accord with the predictions of single-star evolutionary models under the assumption of a wide range of initial spin rates at the onset of main-sequence evolution. However, we find some evidence for a less efficient mixing in two quite rapidly rotating stars that are among the most massive objects in our sample. Finally, we obtain a cluster age of ∼20 Myr through a detailed, star-to-star correction of our results for the effect of stellar rotation (e.g., gravity darkening). This is significantly older than previous estimates from turn-off fitting that fully relied on classical, non-rotating isochrones.
Physically-based sound synthesis software for Computer-Aided-Design of piano soundboards
Authors: Elie Benjamin , Cotté Benjamin , Boutillon Xavier
Published: July 2022

The design of pianos is mainly based on empirical knowledge due to the lack of a simple tool that could predict sound changes induced by modifications of the geometry and/or the mechanical properties of the soundboard. We introduce the concept of Sound Computer-Aided Design through the framework of a program that is intended to simulate the acoustic results of virtual pianos. The calculation of the sound is split into four modules that compute respectively the modal basis of the stiffened soundboard, the string dynamics excited by the hammer, the soundboard dynamics excited by the string vibration, and the sound radiation. The exact resemblance between synthesis and natural sounds is not the primary purpose of the software. However, sound synthesis of real and modified pianos are used as reference tests to assess our main objective, namely to reflect faithfully structural modifications in the produced sound, and thus to make this tool helpful for both instrument makers and researchers of the musical acoustics community.
Tiergestützte Interventionen für Menschen mit Depressionen
Authors: Schüller Stefanie
Published: July 2022

Im Interventionskoffer stellen wir Ihnen die Therapiebegleithündin Elli vor. Sie unterstützt Patienten im Rahmen der Tiergestützten Intervention, zu interagieren, Beziehungen aufzubauen und wertfrei zu reflektieren. Lesen Sie, welche Rolle das Konzept der Interpersonellen Psychotherapie dabei spielt und wie die Tiergestützte Intervention in der Gruppentherapie für Menschen mit Depressionen umgesetzt werden kann.
Applicability of Mobile Based Electromyography Visual Biofeedback
Training to Improvement of Muscle Activity and Joint Range of Motions of Stroke
Patients: A Pilot Study
Authors: Kim Won-deuk , Park DongChun , Yang-Jin Lee , Son Il-hyun , Jung Jung-hee , Shin DooChul
Published: July 2022

Background Recently, a lot of visual feedback training equipment using the
electromyography in a mobile environment has been developed. These devices are
small, easy to use, and inexpensive. Despite the various advantages of such
equipment, it is still not widely used in the clinical field, and research on it
is lacking.

Objective The purpose of this study is to introduce the mobile-based
electromyography visual feedback training equipment and evaluate the usability
for the muscle activity improvements in stroke patients.

Methods This study was conducted in 12 patient with chronic stroke. To
evaluate the usability of mobile-based electromyography training equipment, this
research compared the immediate effects of the traditional tactile feedback
training and the mobile-based electromyography training on 12 stroke patients.
The MVIC muscle activity of the tibialis anterior, quadriceps femoris and
gluteus maximus as well as the range of motion of the ankle dorsiflexion, hip
joint extension and knee joint extension were measured before and after
intervention.

Resutls As a result of this study, the tibialis anterior, quadriceps
femoris, and gluteus maximus muscle activity were all significantly different in
mobile-based electromyography visual feedback training. In the comparison of the
effects on the range of motion, there was a significant difference in
mobile-based electromyography visual feedback training only in the knee
extension.

Conclusions Mobile-based electromyography visual feedback training is
expected to be able to improve muscle activity and range of motion in stroke
patients more effectively than conventional tactile training.
Treatment of Infantile Spasm Syndrome: Update from the Interdisciplinary Guideline Committee Coordinated by the German-Speaking Society of Neuropediatrics
Authors: Ramantani Georgia , Bölsterli Bigna K. , Alber Michael , Klepper Joerg , Korinthenberg Rudolf , Kurlemann Gerhard , Tibussek Daniel , Wolff Markus , Schmitt Bernhard
Published: July 2022

Objectives The manuscript serves as an update on the current management practices for infantile spasm syndrome (ISS). It includes a detailed summary of the level of current evidence of different treatment options for ISS and gives recommendations for the treatment and care of patients with ISS.

Methods A literature search was performed using the Cochrane and Medline Databases (2014 to July 2020). All studies were objectively rated using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. For recommendations, the evidence from these studies was combined with the evidence from studies used in the 2014 guideline.

Recommendations If ISS is suspected, electroencephalography (EEG) should be performed within a few days and, if confirmed, treatment should be initiated immediately. Response to first-line treatment should be evaluated clinically and electroencephalographically after 14 days. The preferred first-line treatment for ISS consists of either hormone-based monotherapy (AdrenoCorticoTropic Hormone [ACTH] or prednisolone) or a combination of hormone and vigabatrin. Children with tuberous sclerosis complex and those with contraindications against hormone treatment should be treated with vigabatrin. If first-line drugs are ineffective, second-line treatment options such as ketogenic dietary therapies, sulthiame, topiramate, valproate, zonisamide, or benzodiazepines should be considered. Children refractory to drug therapy should be evaluated early for epilepsy surgery, especially if focal brain lesions are present. Parents should be informed about the disease, the efficacy and adverse effects of the medication, and support options for the family. Regular follow-up controls are recommended.
Guidance on Providing Patient-Centered Care
Authors: English Kris
Published: July 2022

This article explores the clinical applications of Audiology Practice Standards Organization (APSO) Standards 2 and 13, both of which keep us fully focused on the patient-as-person. The topics within Standard 2 include audiologists' interpersonal communication skills, specifically clarity (ensuring patient comprehension) and empathy (understanding the patient's experiences). Standard 2 also addresses the topic of health literacy, which has been recently expanded to consider not only the degree to which individuals are able to find, understand, and use information and services to inform health-related decisions but also how organizations equitably support those necessary skills. The characteristics and benefits of services provided in patient- and family-centered care contexts are also described. Standard 13 addresses audiologists' support toward overall successful adjustment as defined by the patient, including both technical and personal adjustment to amplification, nontechnical communication issues, and rehabilitation support using readily available technologies. A new assessment protocol that includes goal setting and intervention is described, as well as a patient-centered intervention strategy involving discussion of personally meaningful photographs. Both standards provide a necessary balance to our technology-reliant profession.