bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Memes and emojis in Chinese compliments on Weibo
Authors: Zhu Qianqian , Ren Wei
Published: February 2022

Noted for the ability to generate meanings across linguistic boundaries, nonverbal communication in computer-mediated communication has attracted increasing research attention. This study examines the prevalent but under-investigated phenomenon of memes and emojis employed in Chinese compliments on the social platform Weibo. Data were collected in a follower-based community on Weibo, the Topic. The results revealed that memes that did not feature the image of the complimented target outnumbered those memes with the figure of the complimented target. Memes without the image of the complimented target were employed to express compliments, either through explicit or implicit expressions, although explicit expressions of compliments were used more frequently. All of the memes served to compliment the appearance, performance, and personality of the complimented targets. Regarding emojis, there were three patterns of emojis employed in online compliments, namely, emojis initiating compliments, emojis inserted in compliments, and emojis closing compliments. Overall, emojis functioned as transitions and intensifiers which increased the force of compliments.
Exceptionally versatile take II: post-translational modifications of lysine and their impact on bacterial physiology
Authors: Lassak Jürgen , Sieber Alina , Hellwig Michael
Published: February 2022

Among the 22 proteinogenic amino acids, lysine sticks out due to its unparalleled chemical diversity of post-translational modifications. This results in a wide range of possibilities to influence protein function and hence modulate cellular physiology. Concomitantly, lysine derivatives form a metabolic reservoir that can confer selective advantages to those organisms that can utilize it. In this review, we provide examples of selected lysine modifications and describe their role in bacterial physiology.
Eigenspannungsabbau in zügig und zyklisch beanspruchten Schweißverbindungen
Authors: Nitschke-Pagel Th. , Wohlfahrt H.
Published: February 2022

An Schweißsimulationsproben eines vergüteten Feinkornbaustahls S960QL wurde der Abbau von Eigenspannungen unter zügiger und kombiniert zügiger und zyklischer Belastung bei unterschiedlichen Beanspruchungshöhen untersucht. Die Untersuchungsergebnisse zeigen einen vorwiegend durch Streckgrenzenüberschreitung gekennzeichneten quasistatischen Abbau der Makroeigenspannungen, der sich weitgehend proportional zur Beanspruchungshöhe bzw. zur Oberspannung verhält. Signifikante Veränderungen der Mikroeigenspannungen treten dabei nur auf, wenn die Lastspannungen die Streckgrenze überschreiten. Ein Nachweis eines zyklischen Eigenspannungsabbau ist nur unter Rückgriff auf die aus den verschiedenen Eigenspan-nungskomponenten und den Lastspannungen berechneten Vergleichsspannungen möglich.
Microstructure and Cyclic Deformation Behavior of Wheel and Tire Steels in Technically Relevant Heat Treatments
Authors: Walther Frank , Eifler Dietmar
Published: February 2022

The present developments of rail-mounted traffic aim at higher speeds in the passenger and higher axle load in the freight traffic. As a consequence, a substantial increase of the loading of the wheels has to be regarded. Geometric changes at wheels and rails cause high cyclic loading in the dynamic system wheel/rail as a function of the course rate [1– 6]. Since for wheel steels only a few systematic investigations of the fatigue behavior are available so far, the actual investigations concentrate on the relation between the local microstructure and the description of the fatigue behavior of highly stressed wheel steels. As test materials monoblock wheel steels and tire steels were selected in accordance with UIC specification in technically relevant heat treatment conditions. The cyclic deformation behavior is characterized and evaluated by stress – strain hysteresis as well as thermometrical and electrical measurements.
Processing, Microstructure and Properties of Nb–TiO2 ODS Materials for Surgical Implants
Authors: Sandim Hugo Ricardo Zschommler , Padilha Angelo Fernando
Published: February 2022

Nb–TiO2 alloys, strengthened by oxide dispersion (ODS), have good properties for application in surgical implants. These alloys have been processed by a powder metallurgy technique. Compaction and sintering tests were carried out in order to understand the microstructural evolution of these materials during processing. Oxygen degassing takes place due to the volatilization of niobium suboxides during highvacuum sintering. Additions of TiO2 up to 1 wt.% caused an increase in the sinterability of niobium, especially during the first stage of sintering. An explanation for the role of TiO2 particles during sintering is also proposed.
Unfall durch Drahtseilriss in einer Tunnelbaustelle
Authors: Kieselbach Rolf , Piskoty Gabor
Published: February 2022

Auf einer Baustelle in einem Tunnel, in dem eine Gas-Pipeline montiert wurde, ereignete sich beim Absenken eines gerade geschweißten Rohrabschnittes mittels einer Seilwinde ein Seilriss. Dies führte zum Absturz der Rohrkomposition um mehr als 600 Meter und zum Tod von mehreren Arbeitern. Da die Bruchlast des Drahtseiles theoretisch bei weitem ausgereicht hätte, wurde eine detaillierte Schadenuntersuchung durchgeführt. Diese ergab, dass das Seil durch Gewaltbruch an einer Umlenkrolle gerissen war. Zum Seilriss haben eine hohe statische Zugbelastung des Seiles, zusätzliche dynamische Seilkräfte, hohe Zusatzbeanspruchung des Seiles an der Umlenkrolle, gestörter Seilaufbau und sicherheitstechnische Besonderheiten der verwendeten Seilwinde beigetragen.
Ableitung des Kristallisationspfades in ternären Gusslegierungen
Authors: Gödecke Tilo
Published: February 2022

Gussgefüge ternärer Legierungen werden beschrieben, bei denen die Schmelze während der Erstarrung über folgende Vierphasenreaktionen kristallisiert: Ternäres Eutektikum, Übergangsebene und ternäres Peritektikum. Während bei einer ternär eutektischen Kristallisation die Kristallisation im eutektischen Punkt endet, ist unterhalb einer Übergangsebene ein monovarianter Dreiphasenraum mit Schmelze vorhanden und unterhalb einer ternär peritektischen Vierphasenebene existieren zwei derartige Räume. Die Ausbildung des Gussgefüges wird entscheidend dadurch bestimmt, welche Arten von monovarianten Reaktionen (eutektisch oder peritektisch) auf eine Vierphasenebene zuführen und welche von der Vierphasenebene weggehen. Anhand zwei- und dreidimensionaler Darstellungen werden die Kombinationsmöglichkeiten gezeigt und beschrieben. Insbesondere kann dadurch zwischen Gussgefüge von Übergangsreaktionen und ternären Peritektika unterschieden werden. Den schematischen Darstellungen werden Gussgefüge von Legierungen aus den ternären Systemen Pb–Cd–Sn, Ag–Cu–Cd, Fe–Cr–C, Al–Pd–Mn und Al–Mg–Si als experimenteller Beleg gegenübergestellt und mit Gefügeformeln und Differential-Thermoanalysen (DTA) ergänzt. Durch Entnahme von Quarzglas-Ampullen und rasches Abschrecken der Proben aus einer von aussen zugänglichen DTA-Apparatur können Gefügeveränderungen während der Abkühlung direkt mit den aus der DTA ermittelten Effekten verglichen werden. Dadurch ist es möglich, den Kristallisationspfad bei jeder Temperatur zu unterbrechen.
Microstructural evolution in as-cast hypereutectic Al-Si alloys with different La additions
Authors: Yi Hongkun , Zhang Di , Sakata T. , Mori H.
Published: February 2022

The microstructure of as-cast hypereutectic Al-(17 or 25) Si-xLa (x - 0, 0.4, 1, 3, 6 wt.%) alloys and the effect of La on the Si phase have been investigated. The microstructure was examined using optical and electron microscopy. The modification effects of La addition on the morphology and size of both the primary and the eutectic Si were observed. However, such effects are uneven and there seems no systematic change for the effectiveness of La modification with increasing La contents. The modification of La may be explained by the suppression of the growth of Si crystals through reduction of the eutectic reaction temperature or through enveloping of primary Si crystals, or additional twinning. Large particles of La-rich compounds are always observed associated with large primary Si crystals and unmodified eutectic Si crystals, while small La-rich particles are associated with small primary Si crystals and modified eutectic Si crystals. The overall concentration of La-rich compounds, formed in the Al–Si alloys containing more than 1 wt.% La, could be represented as a ternary AlSi2La2 phase, which actually contains the LaSi2 phase and an unknown ternary Al
x
Si
y
La phase.
Comparison between Monte Carlo and Cluster Variation method calculations in the BCC Fe–Al system including tetrahedron interactions
Authors: Schön Cláudio G. , Inden Gerhard , Eleno Luiz T. F.
Published: February 2022

The BCC Fe –Al system has been modeled with the Monte Carlo (MC) method in the grand-canonical ensemble calculation using the Ising model. The present calculation was performed in isothermal conditions with a computer crystal with 483 atoms at 1000 K. The interaction parameters for this calculation were taken from a previous Cluster Variation Method (CVM), which included tetrahedron interactions. The comparison of the integral thermodynamic properties (internal energy and equilibrium alloy composition) obtained in both calculations shows good agreement. Small deviations are observed only in the neighborhood of the second-order B2/A2 critical composition.
Experimental study and Cluster Variation modelling of the A2/B2 equilibria at the titanium-rich side of the Ti–Fe system
Authors: Eleno Luiz T. F. , Schön Cláudio Geraldo , Balun Jozef , Inden Gerhard
Published: February 2022

The experimental data concerning the A2 (β-Ti)/B2 (TiFe) equilibrium have been reviewed and four new tie-lines atT= 1343 K, 1173 K, 1073 K and 973 K were determined. These new experimental data confirm the assessed phase boundary A2/B2 at the A2 side, except for temperatures near the eutectic. No data were available of the solubility range of the intermetallic B2 phase. The present data of the phase boundary at the B2 side give a lower solubility than previously assumed. The set of experimental data and additional new information on the Fe–Rh–Ti phase diagram lead to new pair and tetrahedron interaction energies by Cluster Variation Method calculations in the tetrahedron cluster approximation.
On the plate-like τ-phase formation in MnAl–C alloys
Authors: Sologubenko Alla S. , Müllner Peter , Heinrich Helge , Kostorz Gernot
Published: February 2022

A detailed description of the displacive transformation mode of the formation of plate-like τ-phase in MnAl (containing a small amount of carbon) is given. The plate-like τ-phase forms in a stepwise mode from the ɛ-phase. Crystallographic correspondence is transmitted from the ɛ- to the τ-phase during the whole transformation sequence. The intermediate long-range ordered ɛ′-phase nucleates within the ɛ-matrix. As ɛ′-domains evolve, elastic strains increase at the ɛ′-interfaces until shear occurs in ɛ′-domains to reduce the transformation strains. Stacking faults appear between ɛ′-domain boundaries. Polytypes are the result of a shuffling of the stacking faults within ɛ′-domains. Finally, the ɛ′-domain boundaries are overcome by the collective motion of transformation dislocations which form twinned τ-plates. The ɛ′-domain boundaries are nucleation sites for successive transformation steps and limit the spatial extension of the transformation for the intermediate steps.
Microstructures and mechanical properties of V–V3Si eutectic composites
Authors: Bei H. , George E. P. , Kenik E. A. , Pharr G. M.
Published: February 2022

V–V3Si eutectic alloys were directionally solidified in a high temperature optical floating zone furnace. Depending on the solidification conditions, several microstructures were observed, such as well-aligned broken lamellar, fibrous, or cellular microstructures. The interphase spacings increased with decreasing solidification rates in agreement with the Jackson-Hunt theory. The mechanical properties of the individual phases were investigated by nanoindentation. It was found that the modulus and nanoindentation hardness of V3Si are 214 and 13.8 GPa, respectively, and those of the V solid-solution are 165 and 3.4 GPa, respectively. The high-temperature strength was examined by tensile testing at elevated temperatures. Preliminary results show that the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature is about 800 °C for this composite, and its strength is significantly higher than conventional V solid-solution alloys.
On the effect of oxide scale stability on the internal nitridation process in high-temperature alloys
Authors: Orosz Robert , Krupp Ulrich , Christ Hans-Jürgen
Published: February 2022

Internal high-temperature corrosion of metallic materials is an important process often determining the service live of components used for high-temperature processes. As soon as a material looses the ability to form a dense and adherent oxide scale, non-metallic elements (e. g., O, N, C, and S) can diffuse from the atmosphere into the bulk material and react with alloying elements, forming different kinds of internal precipitates. The corrosion behaviour of two commercial alloys, Nicrofer 7520Ti and CMSX-4, and of the model alloy Ni – 20Cr – 6Ti was investigated in air and nitriding atmosphere at 1000 °C and 1100 °C under isothermal and thermal-cycling conditions. The study was performed using a continuous thermogravimetric method, which permits mass changes to be measured in different atmospheres and under thermal-cycling conditions. It was shown that damage in the oxide scale, caused by cracking or spallation, leads to an enhanced internal corrosion attack manifesting itself in the precipitation of oxides and nitrides. The experimental results were described in a mechanismbased approach by means of a simulation model that combines a numerical finite-difference treatment of the diffusion differential equations and the commercial thermodynamic program ChemApp. The model is able to predict the complex material behaviour during high-temperature exposure.
Modeling of axial strain in free-end torsion of textured copper
Authors: Tóth László S. , Qods Fathallah , Fundenberger Jean-Jacques
Published: February 2022

The axial strains that develop during free-end torsion testing of copper wires have been modeled using the results of earlier measurements (L. S. Tóth, P. Szászvári, I. Kovács, J. J. Jonas: Mater. Sci. and Techn. 7 (1991) 458). In that work, the initial textures of the wires were changed by heat treatments. The as-received wires displayed shortening while the recrystallized ones lengthened during twisting at room temperature. In the simulations, the wire was divided into five cylindrical layers; in each layer, the texture development was simulated using the Taylor viscoplastic poly-crystal model up to large strains (γ ≈ 5). The distribution of the hydrostatic stress was derived from the equilibrium equation of torsion. Using a suitable numerical scheme, the condition of zero axial force (free-end testing) was satisfied in an iterative way. Good agreements between the measurements and simulations have been obtained.
Application of the cognitive load theory in prelicensure nursing education: a quantitative measurement focusing on instructional design
Authors: Smith Nicole E. , Barbé Tammy , Randolph Justus
Published: February 2022

The objective of this study was to examine differences in principles from the cognitive load theory (CLT) combined with active learning strategies. To examine these differences, simple to complex activities were imbedded into two active learning instructional strategies: cooperative learning (CPL) and problem-based learning (PBL) and evaluated for its impact on mental effort for learning and intrinsic cognitive load. A two-within repeated-measures design was used in a nursing fundamentals classroom. The simple and complex activities were grounded in recommendations from the CLT and validated by nurse experts. The instructional strategies of CPL and PBL were chosen based on recommendations from the literature. Results revealed no statistically significant differences. A small interaction showed a decrease in mental effort and intrinsic load when problem-based learning was used. Progressing learning activities from simple to complex, informed by the CLT, offers an approach to designing instruction in nursing classrooms when using active learning strategies.
The effects of community contact on L1 maintenance: a study of New Zealand Japanese immigrants and sojourners
Authors: Nakanishi Nobuko , Starks Donna
Published: February 2022

This paper explores the effects of social networks on the reported language proficiency of three groups of New Zealand Japanese children. Drawing on a quantitative analysis of data collected from questionnaire-based interviews, this study reveals that children of sojourner families and children of immigrant families of mixed and non-mixed backgrounds, each with their differing levels of reported Japanese proficiency, benefit from different types of social networks. The results found that sojourner networks are important for sojourner children’s Japanese language proficiency. For this group, wider types of contact with the New Zealand Japanese community show little positive effects. These findings contrast with that of Japanese immigrants where community social networks show a diverse range of positive effects on the reported Japanese proficiency of children from mixed and non-mixed family backgrounds. The findings suggest that researchers should give further consideration into the differing effects of social networks on different subgroups within diasporic communities.
Change of Tōhoku dialect spoken in Hawaii
Authors: Hiramoto Mie
Published: February 2022

This study investigates changes in Tōhoku dialect speakers’ phonology after their immigration to Hawaii, specifically concerning intervocalic voicing and alveolar/palatal mergers. Tōhoku dialect is known for its unique phonology compared to other Japanese dialects and, for this reason, it is often stigmatized. Previous studies of second dialect acquisition have suggested that older speakers tend to retain the phonological features of their original dialects during dialect contact situations. The results from adult Japanese plantation immigrants, as expected, suggested that adult Tōhoku dialect speakers demonstrated limitations in acquiring second dialect phonology in their contact with non-Tōhoku dialect speakers. However, there are different degrees of second dialect acquisition between the intervocalic voicing and alveolar/palatal mergers among the Tōhoku dialect immigrants who interacted with non-Tōhoku dialect speakers on a daily basis and those who did not; namely, the former eliminated the stereotypical stigmatized Tōhoku dialect feature – the mergers – more than those speakers who did not have such frequent interaction. This suggests that both sociolinguistic factors, e.g., dialect discrimination by peers, as well as relative phonological complexity, influence the rates of second dialect acquisition.
Queere Identitäten im DaF-Unterricht: Eine Befragung indischer Lehrkräfte
Authors: Banerjee Rrivu
Published: February 2022

Der Unterrichtsraum kann als Mikrokosmos der Gesellschaft betrachtet werden. Im Unterricht wird genauso agiert wie in der Gesellschaft und das gilt auf für Gespräche über Sexualität. In Indien findet der Austausch über Sexualität kaum Platz in der Öffentlichkeit und als Konsequenz wird das Thema auch im Unterricht vermieden. Dennoch deutet sich auch in der indischen Gesellschaft ein Wandel hin zu einer größeren Aufgeschlossenheit für diesen wichtigen Aspekt des Alltagslebens an. Das wirft die Frage auf, ob indische DaF-Lehrkräfte bereit sind, im Unterricht queere Identitäten anzusprechen. Im folgenden Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse einer Befragung dieser Lehrkräfte anhand empirischer Daten vorgestellt, um diese Frage zu beantworten.
Challenges to Nonprofit Organization Participation in Social and Development Policy Planning in South Africa
Authors: Nwauche Sokeibelemaye , Flanigan Shawn Teresa
Published: February 2022

In South Africa, government relies significantly on NGOs in the delivery of social services (Patel, L. 2012. “Developmental Social Policy, Social Welfare Services and the Non‐Profit Sector in South Africa.” Social Policy & Administration 46 (6): 603–18). The services NGOs provide in areas such as early childhood development, education, health care, skills development, food security, elder care, and other arenas form part of South Africa’s framework for achieving its long-term development goals. Also aligned to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), this government-NGO shared vision for development highlights the importance of NGOs in the development ecosystem. At the policy level, government explicitly refers to NGOs as stakeholders and development partners. However, at the level of practice, questions remain about NGOs’ participation in planning for the development to which they so significantly contribute, and the extent of NGOs’ role in increasing participation in democratic processes. In an effort to better understand whether NGOs adequately participate in development planning processes in South Africa, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 73 participants, including NGO leaders and relevant key informants from national, provincial and municipal levels of government. The interview data were supplemented with content analysis of government documents. In spite of the fact that NGOs’ involvement in development planning is explained by the state as a good governance principle ensuring meaningful participation of stakeholders (Republic of South Africa: Department of Social Development 2017, United Nations Development Programme 2011), the research findings suggest that NGOs’ participation in the development planning process is deficient. This deficiency stems from institutional and policy issues including the lack of a framework for participation, government’s perception of NGOs and neglect of the NGO sector, and political issues such as partisan political activity in spaces of participation and engagement. The democratic potential of NGO participation is also hindered by organizational issues relating to the amorphous nature of the NGO sector, apathy of NGOs and a fragmented NGO sector.
FetishAgain? Southern Perspectives on the Material Approach to the Study of Religion
Authors: Appiah Simon Kofi
Published: February 2022

The material turn in the study of religion\s has opened new methodological vistas, rejuvenating the notion offetish. Scholars in Africa must acknowledge and share in the successes of the material approach. At the same time, they cannot help but recall that in colonial Africa the notion offetishwas, par excellence, the mirror of primitive religion and the denigration of Africans in the missionary enterprise.Fetishwas not only the medium for the fall of African religions and the enforcement of colonial authority, but also and especially, the genesis of the theory of primitive religion\s. This paradox looms large when the material turn is re-read from southern perspectives as a call for a radical intra-cultural critique of the epistemological positions and subalternity of knowledge production in Africa.
Advances in point-of-care platforms for traumatic brain injury: recent developments in diagnostics
Authors: Habli Zeina , Kobeissy Firas , Khraiche Massoud L
Published: February 2022

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity, affecting 2 million people annually in the US alone, with direct and indirect costs of $76.3 billion per year. TBI is a progressive disease with no FDA-approved drug for treating patients. Early, accurate and rapid diagnosis can have significant implications for successful triaging and intervention. Unfortunately, current clinical tests for TBI rely on CT scans and MRIs, both of which are expensive, time-consuming, and not accessible to everyone. Recent evidence of biofluid-based biomarkers being released right after a TBI incident has ignited interest in developing point-of-care (POC) platforms for early and on-site TBI diagnosis. These efforts face many challenges to accurate, sensitive, and specific diagnosis and monitoring of TBI. This review includes a deep dive into the latest advances in chemical, mechanical, electrical, and optical sensing systems that hold promise for TBI-POC diagnostic testing platforms. It also focuses on the performance of these proposed biosensors compared to biofluid-based orthodox diagnostic techniques in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and limits of detection. Finally, it examines commercialized TBI-POCs present in the market, the challenges associated with them, and the future directions and prospects of these technologies and the field.
Particle-Image-Velocimetry zur strömungsmechanischen Analyse des thrombogenen Potentials von Transkatheter-Aortenklappenprothesen
Authors: Borowski Finja , Kaule Sebastian , Oldenburg Jan , Schmitz Klaus-Peter , Öner Alper , Stiehm Michael
Published: February 2022

Die minimalinvasive Implantation einer Transkatheter-Aortenklappenprothese (TAVR) hat sich zur Standardtherapie für Patienten mit schwerer Aortenklappenstenose und erhöhtem Operationsrisiko etabliert. Postoperative Komplikationen, wie die subklinische Klappenthrombose, rufen langfristig eine Funktionsstörung der TAVR hervor, die ohne Revisionstherapie zum Tod des Patienten führen kann. Mit der Abschätzung des Thromboserisikos von TAVR werden strömungsmechanische Mechanismen assoziiert. Die Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) bietet ein etabliertes Messverfahren zur Bestimmung des Geschwindigkeitsfeldes einer TAVR, aus dem beispielsweise die Verweilzeit von Blut im Umfeld einer TAVR abgeleitet werden kann. Ein traversierbarer stereo-PIV Aufbau, bei dem zwei CMOS-Kameras im 45 ° Winkel zur Lichtschnittebene positioniert wurden, ermöglichte die Detektion von Tracerpartikeln in den relevanten Bereichen im Umfeld des TAVR. Mit einer geeigneten Messkammer, die in die hydraulische Nachbildung eines kardiovaskulären Kreislaufs implementiert wurde, konnte eine quasi-volumetrische Messung des physiologischen Geschwindigkeitsfeldes durchgeführt werden. Dafür wurde anhand radiologischer Daten eine realistische Implantationsumgebung rekonstruiert. Mit einem Blutersatzfluid (NaCl-Glycerin-Gemisch) wurde die normativ (ISO 5840:2021) geforderte kinematische Viskosität von ν = 3,5 cSt realisiert. Phasengetriggerte Aufnahmen ermöglichten die Messung zu definierten Zeitpunkten im kardiologischen Zyklus. Insgesamt ist es gelungen die komplexe Strömungstopologie mit dem dargestellten Messaufbau in allen relevanten Bereichen zu erfassen und damit zukünftig das Thromboserisiko abschätzen zu können.
Correlation between context and language at a high delicate level: taking Chinese emotion 喜欢 as an example
Authors: Wang Yingyu
Published: February 2022

In systemic functional linguistics, a delicate system of context is necessary for providing specific and checkable criteria for language choice. However, due to the complexity and vastness of the context system, little work has been undertaken for its extension, which results in a general and loose interpretation of the correlation between context and language. This study seeks to fill this gap by anchoring itself at a specific contextual domain concerning social conventions on emotion, namely the system of emotion. The correlation is addressed from two perspectives: a top-down perspective to explore how three crucial emotional features are realized via the selections from two linguistic systems, namely speech function and appraisal, and a bottom-up perspective to reveal the value construed by the realizational patterns for each feature. From a selected data corpus of modern Chinese novels, 8 realizational patterns are found, based on which the value systems of the emotional features are constructed; the Resonance Hypothesis is proposed to explain the process of correlation. The findings suggest that a delicate context system can explicitly demonstrate the correlation between context and language, thus theoretically strengthening their tie.
The Reliability and Magnitude of Time-Dependent Force-Time Characteristics During the Isometric Midthigh Pull Are Affected by Both Testing Protocol and Analysis Choices
Authors: Guppy Stuart N. , Kotani Yosuke , Brady Claire J. , Connolly Shannon , Comfort Paul , Haff G. Gregory
Published: February 2022

Guppy, SN, Kotani, Y, Brady, CJ, Connolly, S, Comfort, P, and Haff, GG. Title: The reliability and magnitude of time-dependent force-time characteristics during the isometric mid-thigh pull are impacted by both testing protocol and analysis choices. J Strength Cond Res 36(5): 1191–1199, 2022—This study aimed to investigate whether the use of short-duration (SHORT) isometric midthigh pull (IMTP) trials resulted in greater reliability and magnitude of time-dependent force-time characteristics than traditionally performed IMTP trials (TRAD). Fourteen subjects with >6 months' training experience with the power clean volunteered to take part in the study. Subjects performed five ∼1-second IMTP trials (SHORT) and five 5-second IMTP trials (TRAD). SHORT resulted in substantially more reliable rate of force development (RFD) measures (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.97–0.99; coefficient of variation [CV] = 2.6–7.0%), particularly during time bands from force-onset to 150 ms, compared with TRAD when trials were selected for analysis based on peak force (ICC = 0.66–0.83; CV = 14.1–38.5%). Selecting TRAD trials based on RFD0-200 resulted in similar reliability compared with SHORT of those same epochs (ICC = 0.97–0.99; CV = 2.5–7.8%). Furthermore, SHORT resulted in significantly greater force at specific time points, RFD, and impulse compared with TRAD trials (p = 0.001–0.033; g = −0.16 to −0.66). Based on these results, strength and conditioning professionals should use specific testing protocols (i.e., TRAD and SHORT) depending on the component of an athlete's force-generating capacity that they wish to assess and remain aware of the effect analysis choices they have on the reliability of IMTP force-time characteristics.
Is Functional Overreaching or Acute Fatigue the Key to the Effects of Concentrated Block Training in Running?
Authors: Borszcz Fernando K. , Vieira Matheus T. , Tramontin Artur F. , Visentainer Luis H. , Costa Vitor P.
Published: February 2022

Borszcz, FK, Vieira, MT, Tramontin, AF, Visentainer, LH, and Costa, VP. Is functional overreaching or acute fatigue the key to the effects of concentrated block training in running? J Strength Cond Res 36(12): 3485–3496, 2022—This study examined the effects of 5 consecutive days of high- and moderate-intensity training on performance and physiological measures in moderately trained individuals. The relationship of the training organization with the state of overreaching and acute fatigue was investigated. Twenty-four male soldiers (age, 19.3 ± 0.4 years; V̇o
2peak, 58.7 ± 3.8 ml·kg−1·min−1) were assigned to 2 training groups for 5 consecutive days of either high- or moderate-intensity training. The subjects underwent incremental and 12-minute time trial tests before, immediately after, 1 and 2 weeks after training. The high- and moderate-intensity sessions were 30 minutes in duration and performed at fixed velocities of 13.3 and 10 km·h−1 (near second and first ventilatory thresholds), respectively. Acute fatigue and overreaching criteria were set as concomitant nonimpairment and impairment, respectively, in the incremental peak velocity and 12-minute time trial performances at posttest immediately after the training block. Data analyses were completed using hierarchical Bayesian’s models. In subjects who wer trained at moderate intensity, no performance impairment occurred (i.e., acute fatigue); for the high-intensity training, 5 subjects showed impairment in performance and were classified as overreached. Only in subjects who were acutely fatigued, clear beneficial effects were observed in incremental test peak velocity and 12-minute time trial performances. In moderately trained runners, a block of 5 consecutive days of moderate-intensity training was demonstrated to be a useful strategy for the improvement of performance. However, high-intensity training does not seem to be a safe strategy because of the observations of overreaching and inferior probabilities of performance improvements.
IMPLEMENTASI PENGARAN REMEDIAL DALAM MENGATASI KESULITAN BELAJAR IPS SISWA DI SMP NEGERI 2 BATANG
Authors: Sidiq Nur Muhammad , . Tukidi , Ginanjar Asep
Published: February 2022

Remedial teaching is the alternative actions that teachers can take to deal with strudentâ€™s learning difficulties. The problems in this research are the learning process of IPS, the cause of student learning difficulties, and the implementation of remedial teaching IPS in SMP Negeri 2 Batang. The purpose of this study to identify the causes of students' learning difficulties and to know the application of remedial teaching. This study uses descriptive qualitative method using in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation. The result shows the learning method was PBL or lecture method. The studentâ€™s difficulties are identified from the learning result and behavior, the cause of difficulties comes from internal and evironmental factors, the teacher's remedial teaching can help the students. Teaching remedial conducted by the teacher has not been optimal, because teacher has not given terepeutic function for healing and prevention functions so that students do not experience learning difficulties again.

 

Pengajaran remedial merupakan salah satu alternatif tindakan yang dapat dilakukan guru untuk menangani kesulitan belajar yang dialami siswa. Permasalahan yang dikaji adalah proses pembelajaran IPS, penyebab kesulitan belajar siswa, dan pelaksanaan pengajaran remedial IPS di SMP Negeri 2 Batang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi penyebab kesulitan belajar siswa dan penerapan pengajaran remedial pada siswa yang mengalami kesulitan belajar IPS.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif diskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan datamenggunakan wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa metode pembelajaran yang digunakan guru antara model PBL atau ceramah, kesulitan belajar siswa diidentifikasi dari hasil belajar dan perilaku siswa, penyebab kesulitan belajar siswa karena faktor internal siswa dan faktor lingkungan, pengajaran remedial yang dilakukan guru dapat membantu kesulitan dan hasil belajar siswa. Pengajaran remedial yang dilakukan oleh guru belum optimal, karena guru belum memberi fungsi terepeutik yaitu fungsi penyembuhan dan pencegahan agar siswa tidak mengalami kesulitan belajar lagi.
INTERAKSI SOSIAL MASYARAKAT JAWA DI DAERAH TRANSMIGRASI (Studi Kasus Pada Masyarakat Di Desa Braja Fajar Kecamatan Way Jepara Lampung Timur)
Authors: Ningrum Siskana , Ginanjar Asep
Published: February 2022

The Braja Fajar Village community is a transmigrant community from Java and Bali. The multicultural condition of the society requires transmigration communities to adapt to the natural environment and the surrounding environment. The process of adaptation can be through social interaction. The process of social interaction can produce  cooperation between individuals in society. Through cooperation, relationships between individuals will get closer, so that individuals in the community will know each other and have good social relationship. Social interaction can also be used as a media to keep preserving Javanese cultural values in the trasmigation area. This process of social interaction can be internalized with social contact and communication as an individual effort in adapting to the natural environment and the community environment in transmigration areas.

 

Masyarakat Desa Braja Fajar adalah masyarakat transmigran dari Pulau Jawa dan Bali. Keadaan masyarakat yang multikultural mengharuskan masyarakat transmigrasi untuk beradaptasi dengan lingkungan alam dan lingkungan sekitar. Proses adaptadi dapat melalui interaksi sosial. Proses interaksi sosial dapat menciptakan kerja sama antar individu dalam masyarakat. Melalui kerja sama, hubungan antar individu akan semakin dekat, sehingga individu dalam masyarakat akan saling mengenal dan saling memiliki hubungan sosial yang baik. Interaksi sosial juga dapat dijadikan sebagai wadah untuk tetap melestarikan nilai-nilai budaya Jawa di daerah trasmigrasi. Proses interaksi sosial ini dapat terinternalisasi dengan kontak sosial dan komunikasi sebagai upaya individu dalam beradaptasi dengan lingkungan alam dan lingkungan masyarakat di daerah transmigrasi.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PERSEPSI SISWA TENTANG KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK GURU DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS VII PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPS DI SMP MAâ€™ARIF NU 01 PEKUNCEN, BANYUMAS TAHUN PELAJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: . Purwandari , Purnomo Arif , Nisa Aisyah Nur Sayidatun
Published: February 2022

The competency possessed by the teacher affects the attention of students in participating in the learning process which will produce student learning outcomes. This type of research used in this research is quantitative research. The results of this study are the relationship between students' perceptions of teacher pedagogical competence with the learning outcomes of seventh grade students of social studies at SM Ma'arif NU 01 Pekuncen, Banyumas Regency, Academic Year 218/2019 there is a positive and significant relationship between the two variables. This is evidenced by the obtained correlation value of the two variables is 0.943 with a significance of 0.000 and the student's perception variable about teacher pedagogical competence is related to the learning outcome variable by 88.9%.

Kompetensi yang dimilki guru berpengaruh terhadap perhatian siswa dalam mengikuti proses pembelajaran  yang akan menghasilkan hasil belajar siswa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah hubungan antara persepsi siswa tentang kompetensi pedagogik guru dengan hasil belajar siswa kelas VII mata pelajaran IPS di SM Maâ€™arif NU 01 Pekuncen, Kabupaten Banyumas Tahun Pelajaran 218/2019 terdapat hubungan positif dan signifikan antar kedua variabel. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan diperoleh nilai korelasi kedua variabel 0.943 dengan signifikansi 0,000 dan variabel persepsi siswa tentang kompetensi pedagogik guru berhubungan dengan variabel hasil belajar sebesar 88,9%.
ANALISIS HAMBATAN GURU IPS DALAM PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH DAMPAK PANDEMI COVID-19 DI SMP/MTS KECAMATAN GEBOG KABUPATEN KUDUS
Authors: Ferdianita Naila Ferdianita Naila , Mulianingsih Ferani
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine the barriers of IPS teachers in distance learning (PJJ) in Gebog District, Kudus Regency. The results of the analysis show that the covid-19 pandemic makes learning in Gebog District, Kudus Regency done with distance learning (PJJ). IPS teacher barriers in distance learning (PJJ) include; (1) differences in geographical location, (2) limitations of learning infrastructure, (3) passive learners, (4) learning assessment, (5) large learning quota, (6) teacher professional ability. And efforts in overcoming distance learning barriers (PJJ) include; (1) the policy of each school, (2) assignment of work directly (3) provision of study motivation and school visit, (4) grant of study quota from the government, (5) direct collection of duties, (6) increasing the professional ability of teachers in the use of technology and communication.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hambatan guru IPS dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh (PJJ) di Kecamatan Gebog Kabupaten Kudus. Hasil analisis  menunjukan adanya pandemi covid-19 menjadikan pembelajaran di Kecamatan Gebog Kabupaten Kudus dilakukan dengan pembelajaran jarak jauh (PJJ). Hambatan guru IPS dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh (PJJ) meliputi; (1) perbedaan letak geografis, (2) keterbatasan sarana prasarana pembelajaran, (3) peserta didik pasif, (4) penilaian pembelajaran, (5) kuota belajar yang besar, (6) kemampuan profesional guru. Dan upaya dalam mengatasi hambatan pembelajaran jarak jauh (PJJ) meliputi; (1) kebijakan masing-masing sekolah, (2) pemberian tugas dilakukan secara langsung (3) pemberian motivasi belajar dan school visit, (4) pemberian kuota belajar dari pemerintah, (5) pengumpulan tugas secara langsung, (6) peningkatan kemampuan profesional guru dalam penggunaan teknologi dan komunikasi.
Role of the prophylactic fixation of contralateral unaffected hip in paediatric unilateral slipped capital femoral epiphysis: a systematic review
Authors: Anghilieri Filippo Maria , Morelli Ilaria , Peretti Giuseppe M , Verdoni Fabio , Curci Domenico
Published: February 2022

The aim of this systematic review is to assess the role of the prophylactic fixation of contralateral unaffected hip in unilateral slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) in children, focusing on the possible complications of this surgical procedure.

A systematic review of medical literature was conducted, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement, to analyse the complications of prophylactic contralateral hip fixation in unilateral paediatric SCFE. We registered the complications reported in the included studies, scoring their severity according to the orthopaedic adaptation of Clavien–Dindo classification.

From 1695 studies primarily identified, 14 studies were finally included: 1 prospective cohort study, 4 retrospective case-control studies and 9 retrospective case series, with a total of 811 children diagnosed with unilateral SCFE and treated on the unaffected contralateral hip. Grade IV complications were very rare (0.37%), while the rate of grade III events was 8%. No death was recorded. The most frequent complication was unplanned further surgery (6.29%) that was an epiphyseal refixation, owing to the physiologic growth of the proximal femur, in 42 cases. Cannulated screws fixation showed to have a lower major complication rate than pinning with K-wires, 5.37% vs 17.95%.

The prophylactic fixation of contralateral unaffected hip in paediatric unilateral SCFE is a safe procedure. Although a benefit-cost analysis on this topic has not been published yet, considering the low rate of complications, prophylactic hip fixation is a viable option for patients presenting with unilateral SCFE, to prevent the occurrence of severe hip deformity and avoid future invasive surgeries.
Estructura lógica de las teorías científicas: perspectiva sintáctica y semántica
Authors: Gallardo Corrales Andrés
Published: February 2022

El artículo resume las principales caracterizaciones de las teorías científicas en el marco de las denominadas tradiciones “sintáctica” y “semántica”. Cada una de estas perspectivas identifica una estructura lógica de las teorías. La tradición sintáctica equipara a las teorías con un sistema formal no interpretado que puede expresarse mediante la lógica de primer orden. Por otra parte, la visión semántica realiza una axiomatización de teorías a través de la definición de predicados teóricos-conjuntistas, para lo cual emplea la teoría intuitiva de conjuntos. En la primera perspectiva es posible destacar los elementos predictivos de las teorías, mientras que la segunda tiene la ventaja de incorporar elementos históricos e interteóricos en su formalismo.
El objeto yuxtapuesto de las ciencias sociales y sus implicaciones en la formación de docentes
Authors: Cuesta-Moreno Óscar Julián , Meléndez-Labrador Sandra Mireya
Published: February 2022

Objetivo. Analizar el debate sobre la construcción del objeto de las ciencias sociales (en adelante CS) y sus implicaciones en la formación de profesores. Discusión. En un primer momento se propone una conceptualización de las CS a partir de la defensa de la ontología yuxtapuesta de su objeto; asimismo se debaten las consideraciones epistemológicas y metodológicas en clave de totalidad. Posteriormente se reflexiona sobre el lugar del sujeto que practica las CS y sus consecuencias en la producción de conocimiento. Finalmente, se plantean consideraciones en la formación de docentes en CS. Conclusiones. El diseño curricular para formar docentes en CS debe pasar por la construcción de espacios que lleven a problematizar aspectos de la realidad sin reducirlo a compartimentaciones propias de los departamentos. Debe también generar una conciencia epistemológica que les conduzca a dar cuenta de su orden de intelección o política de interpretación en la producción de conocimiento.
Sistemas de vigilancia y su efecto en el derecho a la intimidad desde el discurso de la seguridadEn la actualidad, existen sistemas de vigilancia, como las herramientas de reconocimiento facial, que justifican su existencia en la noción de seguridad perso
Authors: Burbano Ardila Andres , Navia López Angela , Díaz Losada Sthefany Loriet
Published: February 2022

En la actualidad, existen sistemas de vigilancia, como las herramientas de reconocimiento facial, que justifican su existencia en la noción de seguridad personal y de los Estados. Sin embargo, este desarrollo tecnológico y el objetivo de brindar esa sensación de seguridad entran en tensión con derechos fundamentales. El presente texto busca analizar cómo los sistemas de reconocimiento facial, enmarcados en la idea de dar seguridad, ponen en riesgo los derechos a la privacidad e intimidad. Para el cumplimento del objetivo, se acude a un diálogo interdisciplinario entre elementos jurídicos y de la teoría social; lo primero, para comprender el derecho a la intimidad y lo segundo, con el fin de examinar los sistemas de seguridad encuadrados en un discurso de poder.
Low-Noise and Cost-Effective Active Electrodes for Dry Contact ECG Applications
Authors: Voropai Andrii , Sarana Volodymyr
Published: February 2022

Introduction. Active ECG electrodes for daily usable wearable electronics (glasses, headphones) enable making long-term cardiovascular disease diagnostics available to many people.Problem Statement. The methods of ECG recording become more accessible over the years. However, on the way to their general use, even in cases where only reliable registration of the R-wave of the ECG is important, there are certain difficulties associated with the need to apply special electrodes (eg, silver chloride ones) to certain parts of the body through wet pads and to perform specific actions. The problem is solved by using dry electrodes built into the usual devices. However, in this case, a low amplitude of the useful signal and a high contact resistance (for example, on the surface of the head) do not allow recording an ECG by conventional means.Purpose. The purpose of this research is to develop easy-to-use body ECG electrodes that may be built into everyday appliances.Materials and Methods. Active electrodes based on flexible conductive materials and high-quality operational amplifiers have been described. The main parameters of the electronic circuit have been obtained by model and experimental research. The parameters have been compared with the corresponding characteristics of commercial samples.Results. Prototype active ECG electrodes have been developed, created, and studied. The obtained results have shown that the dependence of the input reactance on the frequency plays an important role in terms of the final signal quality. For a low-amplitude ECG signal, the prototype has shown a signal-to-noise ratio that is higher by 4.7 dB than that for high-quality commercial electrodes.Conclusions. The designed electrodes may be used in body devices, on the body parts with a low amplitude of the useful signal and a high resistance of skin-electrode contact.