bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial Distribution and Knowledge of Lassa Fever Epidemic Among Patients Presented for Treatment in Owo Between 2018-2020
Authors: N.Y. Ohemeng-Parker , A. Chukwuyem
Published: June 2021

Lassa fever outbreaks are known to occur during the dry season (November to April), however, in recent years, cases have also occurred during the rainy season. The study therefore examined the Spatio-temporal pattern and knowledge of Lassa fever epidemics in Owo, Ondo state, Nigeria, 2018-2020. This study adopted a combination of hospital case review and a cross-sectional survey research design. Population for the quantitative aspect was a hospital of 301 individuals addressed for the cluster analyses and 407 treated patients for the questionnaire survey in Owo LGA. A validated questionnaire and data extraction form was used to collect the quantitative data. Cronbach’s Alpha reliability test was 0.881. Data was analyzed using Google-Earth Pro, SaTScan and SPSS 27.0 (inferential and descriptive). The result showed that Ehin-Ogbe Street, Aruwajoye street and Oke-Dogbon street as the highest cluster locations of cases of Lassa Fever in Owo LGA. There is a peak period of Lassa fever cases in the dry season, from November to February. 45.7% had an average level of knowledge of Lassa Fever. The most statistically significant cluster (p – 0.00048) in space and time occurred in April 2019. This was at the peri-urban area proximal to Ilale-Osijogun (Idasen) villages and environs. This occurred after an earlier significant outbreak precisely a year earlier in May 2018 at Iyere sub-urban area of Owo city. The largest outbreak subsequently occurred over a 5-month period (August-December 2020). This may be a combination of community transmission, after the two-initial human-animal (zoonotic) transmission phase of 2018-2019. The study recommends primary prevention of rodent-borne diseases can be achieved by avoiding contact with rodents. In improving human behavioural changes, health education strategies should encourage clearing up of bushes, heaps of firewood and rubble around homes as these serve as shelter for rodents. Government should provide adequate supply of PPE for both urban and rural health facilities to assure there are no shortages at the facilities
Determinants of Nutritional Practices Among Mothers with Under-Five Children is Paramount in Curbing the High Rate of Morbidities and Mortalities among Under-Five Children
Authors: O. Dolapo , M.F. Olanreqaju
Published: June 2021

Nutritional outcomes among under-five children in Nigeria are among the worst globally. Therefore, this study investigated the determinants of nutritional practices among mothers with under-five children attending selected primary health centers in Abeokuta, Ogun state, Nigeria. The study adopted a quantitative cross-sectional descriptive survey research design. A A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 419 mothers of under-five children attending primary health centres in Abeokuta, Ogun State. All the Research questions and hypothesis were formulated and were tested using the SPSS version 27 to compute descriptive and inferential statistics which were tested at a 5% level of confidence. The result indicated that mean age of respondents in this study was 28.48 ± 5.811years with participants between the ages of 27-35 (44.6%) were the highest. High level of knowledge regarding under-five nutrition was measured on a 21-points rating scale showed a mean score of 12.65±3.61. There was good level of nutritional practices which was measured on a 17-points rating scale showed a mean score of 11.06±2.26. There was a significant difference between level of education of mother and their nutritional practice (P=0.000), there is a significant correlation between respondents’ level of knowledge (r=0.256; p=0.000). In conclusion, the study established that there is good level of knowledge of under-five nutrition; there was poor support and good level of nutritional practice. The study recommended that continued training and re-training is very important for mothers of under-five children. There is also need for active involvement of the media in dissemination of nutritional benefits of under-five children.
Maternal Factors Associated with Low Birth Weight Babies Delivered in Selected Primary Health Care Centres in Abuja Municipal Area Council, FCT, Nigeria
Authors: L.T. Adeosun , A.M. Amosu
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Globally, low birth weight remains a public health challenge and is a major risk factor for infant mortality. Therefore, this study investigated the factors associated with low birth weight babies delivered in health facilities within Abuja, Nigeria. Methodology: Secondary data from January 2017 to December 2020 was extracted from 330 delivery records in ten (10) Primary Health Care centres to assess the determinants of low birth weight babies born in Abuja. Findings: The results showed that the mean age of mothers was 27.8 ± 5.1. Majority of the mothers (93.6%) were between 16 and 35 years of age, 93.6% were married, 67% were Christians, 23.3% had no formal education, 31.5% were housewives and 75.8% lived in rural communities. The mean birth weight of babies was 3.05 ± 0.55 kg and 20.3% of the babies had low birth weight compared to 79.7% with normal weights at birth. Maternal age, p=0.02; marital status, p=0.02; religion, p=001; occupation, p=0.001; and weight, p=0.000 were found to be significantly associated with having LBW babies. Maternal obstetric characteristics such as birth spacing, p=0.00; haematocrit level, p=0.001; pregnancy termination, p=0.001; and medical conditions, p=0.00 were also significantly associated with birth weight. Conclusion: The study reported a high prevalence of low birth weight; it also revealed the protective effects of being married on LBW. However, being a housewife significantly increased the risk for having a low birth weight baby.
Recognition and Practice of Home-Management of Malaria among Mothers of Under-Five Children in Obafemi Owode Community, Abeokuta, Ogun State
Authors: O.A. Aruoture , A. Ademola
Published: June 2021

The study investigates the factors influencing the recognition and practice of Home-management of malaria among mothers of under-five children in Obafemi Owode Community, Abeokuta, Ogun State. The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design. The study employed a multi-staged sampling technique to select 299 nursing mothers of under-five children at the primary health care centre of Obafemi Owode Community. The main instrument for the study was a questionnaire. The selected socio-demographic variables were analyzed using the descriptive analysis while the hypotheses were tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation and linear regression analysis. The result indicated that 38.5% of the nursing mothers had a high level of knowledge of home-based management of malaria. 55.9% of the respondents had an average attitude towards home-based management of Malaria. 46.8% had a good level of practice of home-based management of malaria. There was a significant relationship between the demographic factors of nursing mothers and knowledge of home-based management of malaria among nursing mothers of Obafemi Owode Community, Abeokuta, Ogun State (p< .05). However, the age of mother is not significantly associated with knowledge of home-based management (p> 0.05). The calculated R Squared and p-value for demographic variables on practice of home-management of malaria among nursing mothers is: 0.788 which signifies 78.8% contribution to practice of home-management among nursing mothers. Hence, all demographic characteristics of nursing mothers are significant predictors of practice of home-based management of Malaria among Nursing mothers of Obafemi Owode Community, Abeokuta, Ogun State. The study recommended that Primary Health centres should put in place mechanisms for example incorporating components of home visit in the performance appraisal of community Health Officers to ensure the recommended number of visits are adhered to. Also, caregivers’ seemingly inability to correctly dissociate between the two essentials of knowledge related to malaria can be addressed by Community Health Officers through the home visit programme.
Effects of Social Media on Consumer Brand Awareness and Patronage of Nike Lake Resort Services in Enugu: An Innovation Adoption Theory & Hierarchy of Effects Model Exposition
Authors: K.P. Ikpo , V.O. Okolo , I.N. Oranusi
Published: June 2021

Communication has initiated a paradigm shift from the traditional to new the new social media. This study investigated the influence of Twitter messages and Facebook messages on consumer brand awareness and patronage of Nike Lake Resort services in Enugu: an innovation adoption theory & hierarchy of effects model exposition. The specific objectives of the study were to ascertain the extent of the influence of Twitter messages on consumer brand awareness and patronage of Nike Lake Resort services. Also, to determine the extent of the influence of Facebook messages on consumer brand awareness and patronage of Nike Lake Resort services. This study contributed to the extant gap in marketing literature by using Twitter messages and Facebook messages to promote Nike Lake Resort services in Enugu. The population of the study includes guests of Nike Lake Resort selected through a convenient sampling technique. The survey method was adopted and the sample size of 384 was determined using Freud and William’s formula known as the Z-score method. Cronbach’s alpha was used to determine the reliability of the instrument of 0.870. The Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient was used to analyse data. Findings revealed a significant positive influence of Twitter messages on consumer brand awareness and patronage of Nike Lake Resort services (r = 0.937, p < 0.05). Also, it was revealed that there is a significant positive influence of Facebook messages on consumer brand awareness and patronage of Nike Lake Resort services (r = 0.943, p < 0.05). Twitter messages and Facebook messages are effective marketing tools for communicating Nike Lake Resort services to consumers. There is need for Nike Lake Resort to continuously improve on the use of Twitter messages and Facebook messages channels to help boost consumer awareness and patronage in future.
Knowledge as A Predictor of Hypertension Prevention Practices Among Secondary School Teachers in a Selected Local Government Area in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: B.O. Oyelade , A. Ademola
Published: June 2021

Globally, hypertension remains one of the most pressing public health challenges. Therefore, this study investigated knowledge as a predictor of hypertension prevention practices among secondary school teachers in Ogbomoso North Local Government in Nigeria. The research adopted a cross-sectional survey design. 418 public secondary school teachers in Ogbomoso North, Oyo State, were selected through a multistage sampling technique. A validated questionnaire was used for data collection. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 23, was used at a 95% confidence interval. The results showed that almost half of the teachers, 184 (47.8%) were between the ages of 40 and 49 years with mean±SD of 42.64±7.779 years. Majority of the teachers (96.1%) knew that hypertension is caused by high blood pressure and early detection through regular monitoring is important. The risk factors were rightly identified by over half of the teachers. The level of knowledge was computed on a 21-point rating scale with mean±SD of 14.79±2.298. The level of preventive measures was moderate with a mean±SD of 15.34±4.983 on a 24-point rating scale. Knowledge had a significant but weak statistical relationship with practice of hypertension preventive measures (R2=0.040; p< 0.01). The findings of the study suggest that there are gaps in knowledge regarding hypertension among teachers in Oyo State, which could influence their behaviours towards prevention. There is a need for comprehensive health education for this group of teachers.
Pano Yangınları Önlenebilir mi? YaRDeS (Nesnelerin İnterneti ve Smart Uç Bazlı Sigorta Kaynaklı Yangın Risk Değerlendirme Sistemi)
Authors: SOYHAN Hakan Serhad , PEKŞEN Muhammed Fatih , SAYLAN Hakan , AKURGAL Ali Serim
Published: June 2021

YARDES, yangınların elektrik panosu kaynaklı çıkıp çıkmadığı konusunda veri elde edilmesi yanında, yangın riskinin anlık değerlendirilmesi sonucu ilgili birimlerin ve alarm sistemlerinin tetiklenmesini sağlayan bir yangın öncesi algılama sistemidir. Elektrik panolarına eklenecek cihaz ve toplanan verileri raporlayabilen merkezi bir sistemden oluşacak şekilde tasarlanmıştır. Sahada kullanılacak cihaz devreleri ile fazlardaki akım-gerilim-harmonik değerlerinin gerçek zamanlı ölçümleri gerçekleştirilerek; cihaza bağlı sensörler vasıtası ile sıcaklık ve pano içi sıcaklık-nem-toz, O2-CO-CO2 seviyeleri ve topraklama değerlerinin ölçümü yapılmaktadır. Bu şekilde yangın sonrası olay yeri inceleme faaliyetlerinde yangının elektrik kaynaklı olup olmadığına dair incelemelerde verilerin elde edilmesi sağlanmaktadır. Projenin ticarileşme aşamasında, yangın öncesi algılama ve yangına erken müdahale olanağı tanıyacak şekilde sistemin geliştirilmesi yapılmaktadır.
Evaluation on Role of Electronic Word of Mouth (EWOM) Ads in Customers’ Emotions and Choices in E-Shops
Authors: Miremadi Alireza , Kenarroudi Javad , Ghanadiof Omidreza
Published: June 2021

The subject titled evaluation on role of Electronic Word of Mouth (EWOM) in feelings and behavior of customers in E-shops was expressed in Digi-Kala Company. Then, research hypotheses and objectives were proposed and methodology, statistical population and needed sample of analysis technique were introduced to achieve goals and results of hypotheses. The findings suggest significant positive effect of (EWOM) on attitude of consumers and their positive emotions. Similarly, social positive and normal emotions may also have significant impact on attitude of consumers. At the same time, negative emotions of consumers have positively affected consumers’ attitudes as well. Finally social norms and attitudes of consumer may have significant positive effect on behavior of consumers.
Okul Öncesi Dönem Çocuklarının Covid-19 Salgın Süreci ve Etkilerine İlişkin Görüşleri
Authors: GÖKÇE Nihal , ERDOĞAN Büşra Munise , KIZIL YATMAZ Aişe , AVAROĞLU Nuray , ÇOK Yasin
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışma, tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alan ve insanların rutin yaşamlarını etkileyen Covid- 19 salgınının, okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının üzerindeki etkilerine ilişkin görüşlerinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma grubu MEB’e bağlı devlet okullarının anaokulu ve anasınıflarında eğitim gören 3-6 yaş aralığındaki 43 çocuktan oluşmaktadır. Çalışma nitel olarak tasarlanmış ve görüşme tekniği kullanılarak yanıt alınmış, yanıtlar da betimsel analiz yöntemiyle yorumlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, çocukların; uygun rehberlik yapıldığı takdirde, kuralları kavradığı ve rahatsızlık hissetseler dahi, kendilerini ve ailelerini korumak için, duruma uyum sağlamaya çalıştıkları tespit edilmiştir. Diğer yandan, salgın sürecinde çocukların birincil ihtiyaçları arasında yer alan akran ve sosyal çevre etkileşimlerinin azaldığı ve dijital etkileşim oyunlarına yöneldiği gözlenmiş olup, çocukların bu süreci en az zararla atlatmaları için gerekli çalışmaların yapılması faydalı olacaktır.
Ortaöğretim Öğrencilerinin Oyun Kavramına ve Fiziksel Aktivite İçeren Oyunları Oynamaya Yönelik Tutumlarının Bazı Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: ALINCAK Fikret , YELTEKİN Erdal
Published: June 2021

Son yıllarda gelişmiş ülkelerin eğitim sistemlerine baktığımızda oyun kavramının çocukların gelişimi açısından önemli bir faaliyet olduğu görülmektedir. Bilim adamlarının birçoğuna göre çocuğu tanımak ve gözlemlemenin en iyi yolu oyundur. Çocuklar oyun oynadığı esnada birçok beceri kazanırlar. Genellikle oyun esnasında öğrenme, etkili karar verme, birlikte iş yapma, dürüstlük, paylaşmak, karşısındakilerin haklarına saygı göstermek, arkadaşlarını sevme, yardımlaşma gibi durumları öğrenir. Çocuk, oyun vasıtasıyla yetişkinliğe geçiş dönemindeki becerilerini izleyerek pratik hale getirir ve mükemmelleştirir. Oyun, her yaş evresinde insanların gelişiminde faydalı ve etkili bir kavramdır. Bu araştırma, ortaöğretim öğrencilerinin oyun kavramına ve fiziksel aktivite içeren oyunları oynamaya yönelik tutumlarının bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi amacıyla yapılan betimsel bir çalışmadır. Bu araştırmada nicel ve nitel verilerin bir arada analiz edildiği karma yöntem kullanılmıştır. Araştırma evrenini Gaziantep İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü’ne bağlı okullarda öğrenim görmekte olan ortaöğretim öğrencileri, örneklem grubunu ise gönüllülük esasına dayalı olarak seçilen 613 (227 kadın, 386 erkek) öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak, Hazar (2015) tarafından geliştirilen “Oyunsallık Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 20.0 paket programından yararlanılarak, Independent Sample t testi, OneWay Anova testi kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca, araştırma grubuna yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu uygulanarak, elde edilen nitel veriler, içerik analizi yöntemiyle çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, erkeklerin kadınlardan daha yüksek oyunsallık eğilimleri olduğu, yaş ve sınıf değişkenleri açısından küçük yaş ve sınıf gruplarının oyunsallık puanlarının daha yüksek olduğu, spor geçmişi olan öğrencilerin fiziksel aktivite içeren oyunlara yönelik tutumlarının daha olumlu olduğu, Anadolu ve Fen Lisesi öğrencilerinin sosyal uyum alt boyutu puanlarının daha yüksek olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca, kilonun arttığı durumlarda oyun tutkusu, oyun isteği ve keyif alma düzeylerinin azaldığı belirlenirken, boy ile ilgili herhangi bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin oyun kavramına ilişkin görüşlerinde kendini tanımak, öğrenmenin ilk adımı, keyif ve mutluluk, eğlenmek temalarının ön plana çıktığı, oyunun faydalarına ilişkin görüşleri incelendiğinde çoğunluğu oyunun faydalı olduğunu, ancak okul ortamında oyun alanlarının yeterli olmadığı yönünde sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır.
COVID-19 SALGINININ TÜRKİYE EKONOMİSİ ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ: RİSKLER VE OLASI SENARYOLAR
Authors: SERTKAYA Burak , BAŞ Seher
Published: June 2021

Covid-19 salgınının dünyaya yayılmasıyla birlikte ekonomilerin talep ve arz cephesinde görülen şoklar tüm ülkelerde ekonomik faaliyetleri daraltmıştır. Salgının arz ve talep tarafındaki etkileri, büyük buhrandan beri görülen en ciddi ekonomik kriz olduğu şeklinde yorumlanmasına neden olmuştur. Covid-19 salgınının ekonomik boyutlarının ve etkilerinin tam olarak ortaya konulabilmesi, ülke ekonomilerinin salgından ne ölçüde etkilendiğini anlamamızı kolaylaştıracaktır. Türkiye ekonomisi ise salgından doğrudan etkilenmiş ve ortaya çıkan şokun etkilerini aldığı tedbirlerle atlatmaya çalışmıştır. Bu çerçevede Türkiye, Covid-19 salgınının etkilerini en aza indirmek için salgının başlarından itibaren birçok parasal ve mali önlem paketi ilan etmiştir. Alınan önlemler ekonomide az da olsa bir toparlanma sağlamış olsa da, bazı yapısal ekonomik sorunların devam ettiği görülmektedir. Bu kapsamda bu çalışmada, Covid-19 salgınının Türkiye ekonomisine olan ilk etkileri ele alınmış ve sonrasında ortaya çıkan belirsizlikler, riskler ve muhtemel senaryolar tartışılmıştır.
POST-FORDİZM, ESNEKLİK VE EPDK
Authors: SARITÜRK Mehmet
Published: June 2021

Kapitalist ekonomik sistem, yapısından kaynaklanan krizler ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Üretimin emeğe ödenmeyen kısmını artı-değere, artı-değeri kâra dönüştürmekte kâr ise sermayeye dönüştürülmektedir. Ekonomik, siyasal, idarî ve kültürel yapının işleyişini bu özellik oluşturmaktadır. Yapısal krizler ortaya çıktığında yeni birikim rejimleri ile krizler aşılmaktadır. 1929 ekonomik krizi talep yetersizliğinden kaynaklanmıştır. Bu kriz yeni bir birikim rejimi ile aşılmıştır. Fordist birikim rejimi döneminde talep yetersizliğini aşmak için topluma kaynak aktarımı yapılmış ve ekonomik sistemin devamı sağlanmıştır. Yapısal krizler 1960’lı yılların ortalarından itibaren kâr hadlerinin yeniden düşmesi ile birlikte yeniden ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu dönemde yapısal krizlerin ortadan kaldırılması için sistem, yeni bir birikim rejimi dönemine girmiş, fordist dönem uygulamaları ortadan kaldırılmış arz temelli bir ekonomiye geçilmiş, talep artırıcı uygulamalara son verilmiştir. Yeni dönem, neo-liberal dönem ya da farklı bir analiz çerçevesi içerisinde post-fordist dönem olarak adlandırılmış ve bu dönemde esnekliğe dayalı yeni düzenlemeler gerçekleştirilmiş, toplam kalite yönetimi felsefesine uygun olarak devlet yeniden yapılandırılmış, devletin yapısı parçacıl hale getirilmiş, bağımsız idarî otoriteler (BİO) vb. yeni kurumlar oluşturulmuş ve esneklik uygulamaları yaygınlaştırılmıştır. Esneklik kavramı, devletin yeni örgütlenme anlayışının anlaşılması bakımından anahtar kavramlardandır.
Effect of respiratory effort on target minute ventilation during Adaptive Support Ventilation.
Authors: Su Marissa , daoud ehab
Published: June 2021

Background: Adaptive support ventilation (ASV) is an intelligent mode of mechanical ventilation protocol which uses a closed-loop control between breaths. The algorithm states that for a given level of alveolar ventilation, there is a particular respiratory rate and tidal volume which achieve a lower work of breathing. The mode allows the clinician to set a desired minute ventilation percentage (MV%) while the ventilator automatically selects the target ventilatory pattern base on these inputs and feedback from the ventilator monitoring system. The goal is to minimize the work of breathing and reduce complications by allowing the ventilator to adjust the breath delivery taking into account the patient’s respiratory mechanics (Resistance, and Compliance). In this study we examine the effect of patients’ respiratory effort on target tidal volume (VT) and Minute Ventilation (V̇e) during ASV using breathing simulator. Methods: A bench study was performed by using the ASL 5000 breathing simulator to compare the target ventilator to actual VT and V̇e value in simulated patients with various level of respiratory effort during ASV on the Hamilton G5 ventilator. The clinical scenario involves simulated adult male with IBW 70kg and normal lung mechanics: respiratory compliance of 70 mL/cm H2O, and airway resistance of 9 cm H2O/L/s. Simulated patients were subjected to five different level of muscle pressure (Pmus): 0 (Passive), -5, -10, -15, -25 (Active) cm H2O at a set respiratory rate of 10 (below targeted VT) set at three different levels of minute ventilation goals: 100%, 200%, and 300%, with a PEEP of 5 cm H2O. Fifty breaths were analyzed in every experiment. Means and standard deviations (SD) of variables were calculated. One way analysis of variants was done to compare the values. Pearson correlation coefficient test was used to calculate the correlation between the respiratory effort and the VT, V̇e, and peak inspiratory pressure (PIP). Results: The targeted VT and V̇e were not significant in the passive patient when no effort was present, however were significantly higher in the active states at all levels of Pmus on the 100%, 200% and the 300 MV%. The VT and V̇e increase correlated with the muscle effort in the 100 and 200 MV% but did not in the 300%. Conclusions: Higher inspiratory efforts resulted in significantly higher VT and V̇e than targeted ones. Estimating patients’ effort is important during setting ASV. Keywords: Mechanical ventilation, ASV, InteliVent, Pmus, tidal volume, percent minute ventilation
Home use of Non-invasive Ventilation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Literature Review and Update.
Authors: Yamasaki Kimiyo
Published: June 2021

Non-invasive ventilation use in acute COPD exacerbation and acute respiratory failure is very strong, however the evidence beyond home non-invasive ventilation for COPD patients is less clear. In this review we summarize the literature on the effectiveness of home non-invasive ventilation on mortality, hospital admission rates, quality of life, lung functions, gas exchange, exercise tolerance as well as mood and anxiety. Published guidelines from multiple societies mostly give weak and conditional guidelines on the use of home non-invasive ventilation. High intensity home non-invasive ventilation was recently introduced and may further improve the outcomes. New research regarding high intensity home non-invasive ventilation and new technology are needed to define the role and the benefits of home non-invasive ventilation in patients with COPD. Keywords: Home non-invasive ventilation, COPD, GOLD
Electrical Impedance Tomography: the future of mechanical ventilation?
Authors: Simonpietri Melina , Shokry Mia , daoud ehab
Published: June 2021

Electrical Impedance Tomography is a rapidly evolving technology used for bedside lung imaging. Although EIT devices have been commercially available for the past decade, they are still not commonly used in everyday clinical practice. EIT has multiple benefits over standard chest imaging techniques; it is non-invasive, it can be used at bedside and it allows continuous monitoring of the patient’s condition. EIT can change the standard practice for monitoring lung function and caring for patients on mechanical ventilation. In this concise review, we will discuss the general concepts of EIT and its clinical applications. As this technology keeps developing and becomes more available for clinical use, it might revolutionize the way we practice mechanical ventilation. Additional studies need to be performed to compare its benefits to our current practice. Keywords: EIT, Mechanical ventilation, PEEP, Overdistention
Adaptive Support Ventilation (ASV). Beneficial or not?
Authors: Wheatley Denise , Young Krystal
Published: June 2021

Ventilators functions and features have evolved with the advancement of technology along with the addition of microprocessors. It is important to understand and examine the benefits and risks associated with these advanced automated modes. Adaptive Support Ventilation (ASV) is a mode that is unique to the Hamilton Medical ventilators, thereby limiting the number of clinicians who have experience with using this mode. ASV can make changes to respiratory rate and tidal volume and adjusting the driving pressure in the absence of a professional. ASV changes ventilator strategies when it detects changes to a patient’s lung dynamics. The scope of ASV mode is not universally understood. Respiratory therapists may feel their position would be threatened with the use of smart automated modes. This paper will aim to review the literature on the ASV mode of ventilation. The literature review will address the following research questions to broaden the understanding of the risks and benefits of the ASV mode. 1) Is the ASV mode effective for weaning patients? 2) Is ASV a safe mode of ventilation for patients with COPD and ARDS? 3) Is ASV a safe mode of ventilation with changes in lung dynamics? 4) Does ASV impact the bedside respiratory therapist? Conclusions: ASV appears to be at least effective or even more superior to other modes especially during weaning off mechanical ventilation, and in other forms of respiratory failure. More studies in different clinical conditions and head-to-head with other modes. Keywords: ASV, COPD, ARDS, Weaning
Two asymmetries in population and general normative ethics
Authors: Rozas Mat
Published: June 2021

This paper examines a dilemma in reproductive and population ethics that can illuminate broader questions in axiology and normative ethics. This dilemma emerges because most people have conflicting intuitions concerning whether the interests of non-existent beings can outweigh the interests of existing beings when those merely potential beings are expected to have overall net-good or overall net-bad lives. The paper claims that the standard approach to this issue, in terms of exemplifying the conflict between Narrow Person-Affecting Views and Impersonal Views, is not correct. It argues that, instead, we can approach the issue through the distinction between Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Views about the relative importance of positive and negative value. The paper also claims that Asymmetrical Views provide the most intuitively satisfactory solution to the dilemma and can in addition be defended independently on further grounds.
Keywords: person-affecting views, impersonal views, symmetry, asymmetry
What our hopes and fears tell us about our values
Authors: Alvarez Allen , Stabell Espen Dyrnes , Thorseth May
Published: June 2021

This open issue of the Nordic Journal of Applied Ethics consists of four papers that discuss topics covering fetal diagnostics ethics, value conflicts in the use of artificial intelligence, abortion and population ethics.
Pendekatan Etnomatematika: Bagaimana Pengembangan Media Komik Dalam Pemecahan Masalah Pada Pembelajaran Matematika SD?
Authors: Fahrunnisa Lia , Adiansha Adi Apriadi , Irawan Ady , Amrin Amrin , Zulharman Zulharman
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan mengetahui kelayakan dari media komik dalam pemecahan masalah pembelajaran SD melalui pendekatan etnomatematika pada materi bilangan serta untuk mengetahui respon Siswa SD terhadap kelayakan komik sebagai media pembelajaran. Penelitian pengembangan ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan model 4-D yang terdiri dari define, design, develop, dan disseminate. Pada tahap define dilakukan analisis potensi masalah dan pengumpulan data, tahap design dilakukan penyusunan perangkat penelitian, pemilihan media, pemilihan format, dan desain awal media komik matematika, tahap develop dilakukan penilaian oleh ahli, revisi I, uji coba terbatas, dan revisi II, kemudian tahap disseminate dilakukan penyebarluasan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SDN 5 Sila dengan subjek penelitian sebanyak 20 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penilaian ahli materi, guru matematika, dan ahli media rata-rata skor 4,12 termasuk kategori layak. Hasil respon Siswa rata-rata skornya 4,24 dengan kategori layak. Hasil uji pengembangan untuk mengukur peningkatan pemahaman Siswa dilakukan dengan menggunakan pre-test dan post-test diperoleh persentase peningkatan sebesar 14,5% yang menujukkan peningkatan pemahaman Siswa cukup baik
Liturgi dan Keutuhan Ciptaan
Authors: Pondaag Stenly Vianny
Published: June 2021

The essay deals with the relationship between liturgy und integrity of creation. It aims at providing a liturgical and theological explanation to the question: whether the Christian liturgy can contribute to the global movement regarding the integrity of creation. This study analyses theologically some selected eucharistic prayer texts in which the praise of God the Creator and of his works of creation occur. This study shows us that the theme of creation was an integral part of ancient Christian eucharistic prayers, and it remains the important element of the eucharistic prayers in the new time. The introduction of the theme of creation into the new eucharistic prayers in Roman Missal 1970 was one of the visible fruits of the eucharistic prayer reform after the second Vatican council. On the one hand, it expresses the new awareness of the richness of ancient liturgical tradition. On the other hand, the motif of creation has a close relevance to the hope and concern of our times. It should offer us a theological and liturgical inspiration in developing an ethical awareness and human responsibility toward the integration of creation.
Belas Kasih Allah dalam Penerimaan Komuni Suci Bagi Orang dengan Retardasi Mental
Authors: Timur Chosmas Christian
Published: June 2021

People with mental retardation have limitations in intellectual and adaptive functioning. Intellectual functioning refers to general mental capacity such as learning, reasoning, problem solving, and so forth. Therefore, a person with mental retardation has limited understanding of the Body and Blood of Christ. Though it must be owned by the recipient of Holy Communion. This research aims to find pastoral solutions for people with mental retardation in the reception of Holy Communion. They have to obtain the divine grace of Christ through the sacraments if it is possible. This essay proposes a theological and pastoral discussion about this theme.
Filsafat, Teologi dan Pemajuan Kebudayaan
Authors: Renwarin Paul  Richard
Published: June 2021

This article deals with the kern question, “what can the philosophy and theology contribute to develop the culture, as the Indonesian law number 15 on the year of 2017 challenges?” Answering this question, I look for the conception of culture, the core elaboration of philosophy and theology, and their methods of research. The meeting point of the trio is the human experience; both philosophy and theology concern of the inner and deeper side of human experience, i.e. beliefs, values, and fundamental assumptions of life.
Gereja Persekutuan Umat Allah
Authors: Dien Novry
Published: June 2021

This essay deals with the idea of the church as the people of God according to Lumen Gentium, a Second Vatican Council’s document on the Catholic Church. The author tries to explore and understand the historical background of this idea and its development. This idea can be traced in the patristic time when the church was still limited to some small communities in which the leadership of the church was more charismatic. As the Church grew bigger and needed to be organized, the role of the hierarchy was clearly emphasized and enjoyed its almost absolute privilege during the Middle Ages. The Church restored its initial understanding in the Second Vatican Council which opened the windows for active role of the lay persons in the life of the church, working together with the hierarchy to present salvation to the world. This essay also tries to explore some problem regarding this idea which arose in ecclesiological discourse after the Second Vatican Council.
Menghayati Kehadiran Riil Kristus, Tubuh dan Darah-Nya, dalam Perayaan Ekaristi
Authors: Raharjo Bernardus Teguh , Ngantung Firalen Vianney
Published: June 2021

The essay deals with the theological discussion about the real presence of Christ in the eucharist celebration. According the Roman Catholic understanding, as the presiding priest pronounces the verba Domini (the word of the Lord) during the eucharistic prayer, the bread and wine are consecrated and changed substantially into the Body and Blood of Christ. Christ is present in reality with all His deity and humanity in consecrated bread and wine. In the Catholic dogmatic it is called a transubstantiation. The Church’s faith in the real presence of Jesus is celebrated in Eucharist. This celebration of faith based on the institution of Jesus Christ himself at the Last Supper. In the Eucharist, bread and wine are changed into the Body and Blood of Christ, trough the words of Christ (consecration) and the prayer to the Holy Spirit (epiclesis). Awareness and understanding of the real presence of Christ, God, in the Eucharist build a liturgical sense of the faithful to express the proper liturgical attitude.
Teologi Inkarnasi dan Gereja Yang Inkarnatoris menurut Hans Urs von Balthasar
Authors: Dewa Anton
Published: June 2021

The uniqueness of Balthasar's theology of incarnation lies in the fact that he bases his arguments of kenosis primarily on the Bible and the theology of patristics. On this basis, he confronts the systematic theological exposition of incarnation with the question of God in modern times. Balthasar represents the centre of his theological principle in the "drama of God". This drama became visible to all men when Christ, Son of God, died for the salvation of the world. That is an act of solidarity and became for Balthasar the central concept of soteriology. Based on the incarnation of Christ, Balthasar calls the church to a living practice of kenosis in her missions.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kursus Evangelisasi Pribadi Terhadap Perilaku Mengasihi Dalam Keluarga
Authors: Nugroho Susanto Benedektus
Published: June 2021

The article discusses the finding of the research on the effects of Personal Evangelization Classes. The author attempts to find out the connection of the personal evangelization classes with the effort to develop a loving behavior within the family as a way of testifying or evangelizing. The methods employed in the project are mixed, both qualitative and quantitative. The research shows that attendants’s understanding from the courses inspires them to spread out the word of God to others. One effort of their evangelization is by giving examples through their own daily life.  They practice good behaviors in their family life and daily practices in form of loving behaviors within their family. The Christian family may grow and be able to participate in the church and society actively.
Makna Kerja Menurut Karl Marx
Authors: Raharusun Johanis Hence
Published: June 2021

The essay deals with the essential meaning of work according to Karl Marx. The purpose of the essay is to offer a new perspective on the meaning of work based on the thinking of Marx. Based on the literature review, it presents Marx's concept of work that becomes his critique to the objective conditions of workers who experienced degradation in their work. In Marx’s opinion, the workers were alienated from themselves, from their work milieu and social environment because of the capitalist system that only seeks profit for the owner’s capital. Marx emphasized that work is an existential human act because it contains rational, universal, and autonomous values. Work is also a differentiating activity between humans and animals. It becomes a human means of changing nature, it should be regarded as a process of human self-realization and as a means of socializing with others
“Out of Egypt I Called My Son” (Matt 2:15)
Authors: Asumbi Hermas
Published: June 2021

“Out of Egypt I called My Son” is a quotation from Hosea.  Matthew’s use of it as a ‘direct prophecy’ is considered problematic by some scholars for Hosea wrote it as a merely historical reflection. How should we resolve this problem? Typological approach might be the best way to understand it by which consideration of the events around Jesus’ birth as the fullest expression of divinely intended fulfillments of Old Testament “prophecies” is possible. The evangelist presents double typologies: on one hand, he retrospectively refers to the exodus of Israel and applies it to “new exodus” through Jesus, but on the other hand, he refers to Moses and presents discontinuity and continuity of the divine work of salvation in the person of Jesus. He highlights the Mosaic aspect of Jesus’ divine sonship which underlines further his presentation of Jesus as David’s son (1:1) and his messianic and royal role in the coming of the Kingdom of God (4:17).
Gereja Nasara Nasathirah di Fansur Abad ke-7
Authors: Tukiran Antonius
Published: June 2021

Shaykh Abu Salih the Armenian reported that in the VII century there was a Nasara Nasathirah (Nestorian) Church in Fansur or Fahsur. According to Y. Bakker, Fansur or Fahsur is the name of a country in North Sumatra and the Nestorian Church is the Catholic Church. Y. Bakker’s interpretation is somewhat weak for two reasons. First, Fansur or Fahsur can also refer to a country in northwest India. Second, in the seventh century of our era there was not yet section of the Nestorian Church which was in full communion with Rome; thus the Nasara Nasathirah Church cannot be called a Catholic Church if the Catholic Church is understood as a Church that is in full communion with the Roman Church. However, the Nasara Nasathirah Church can be called a Catholic Church if the Catholic Church means the Church which based herself on the faith in Jesus Christ
Pergeseran Paradigma Tentang Mesias Dalam Markus 1:40-45
Authors: Setiawan Victor Drajad
Published: June 2021

The main purpose of this paper is to discuss the way Jesus revealed His messianic identity in Mark 1:40-45. With the narrative analysis method, the author wants to show the shift in the meaning of the text from its historical context to the meaning that can be understood by today's readers. He recognized himself as the Messiah. However, he tried to keep his messianic secret until his resurrection. Jesus had a distinctive way of introducing His messianic identity. He chose not to publish his work or deliver teachings that were often not easy to understand. His resurrection was a turning point for the disciples in understanding His messianic status. When the Jewish Christian community spoke of the incomprehensible work of Jesus, they made their own meaning. They thought that this was Jesus' way of shifting the paradigm of the Messiah in the concept of thought of the Israelites at that time.
The effectiveness of secondary education affirmation program (ADEM) for repatriated students in Indonesia: A case study in Lampung province on Sumatra island
Authors: Winatha I Komang , Maydiantoro Albet , Suroto Suroto , Rahmawati Fanni , Rizal Yon
Published: June 2021

The Secondary Education Affirmation Program (ADEM) for repatriated students is an effort made by the Indonesian government to provide educational services for students who have difficulties accessing education abroad. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the government program implementation in Lampung province on Sumatera island, Indonesia. This study adopted a qualitative approach using interviews for data collection. The collected data were then descriptively analyzed. The result indicates that ADEM program is an effective way for providing access to proper education for repatriated students. However, several learning difficulties during the program implementation, such as differences in language, culture, food, and facilities, need to be taken into account. The study’s limitations with several suggestions for future research are also discussed.
The influence of achievement motivation on learning achievement of Introduction to Accounting course
Authors: Karlina Reyna , Rizal Yon , Pujiati Pujiati , Maydiantoro Albet
Published: June 2021

This study aims to determine the influence of achievement motivation variable on learning achievement in Introduction to Accounting course of Economic Education students at the University of Lampung. The study employed a descriptive method using an ex-post facto approach and a survey with a population of 170. The research sample was determined through a purposive sampling with a total of 119 respondents. The data collected through a questionnaire were processed using SPSS to run partial hypothesis testing through t-test and simultaneous F-test. The results of this study indicate that there is an influence of achievement motivation on learning achievement in Introduction to Accounting course among Economic Education students at the University of Lampung.
Use of Kahoot media and variations of questions on learning achievement with motivation as moderation
Authors: Anggraini Bila , Nurdin Nurdin , Pujiati Pujiati
Published: June 2021

This study aims to determine whether there is an influence of the use of Kahoot and the variation of questions on learning achievement with motivation as a moderator. The populations were the tenth-grade students of social sciences at SMA Negeri 1 Sumberejo in the 2019/2020 academic year, with a sample of 81 students determined using a Cochran formula. The study adopted a descriptive verification method with ex-post facto and survey approaches. The collected data were analysed using a linear regression test with path analysis. The results indicate that there is an influence of the use of Kahoot media, the variation of questions, and learning motivation on the economic learning achievement among the tenth-grade students of social sciences at SMA Negeri 1 Sumberejo in the academic year of 2019/2020.
The role of scout activities and learning environment at school toward students’ characters
Authors: Astuti Nelly , Khairani Fadhilah , Destini Frida , Sulistyawati Sulistyawati
Published: June 2021

This study aimed to determine the role of scout extracurricular activities toward student characters, between the learning environment at school and the student characters, and between scout extracurricular activities and the learning environment at school along with students’ characters. The research adopted an ex-post-facto correlation with a total population of 112 students and 54 of them were taken as samples. Observation and questionnaires were used for data collection. Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Correlation were undertaken to analyze the collected data. Based on the analysis, the results of the study indicated that there was a relationship between scout extracurricular activities and learning environment at school toward students’ characters.
The formation of character among students of primary school teacher education in a public higher education institution in Indonesia
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi , Tias Ika W. Utamining , Izzatika Amrina
Published: June 2021

The national education system so far has not been satisfactory. Looking at this situation, several solutions have been proposed, e.g., updated version of curriculum. However, this solution is not adequate because educators are also expected to be able to prepare students' attitudes and behavior so that they can face the demands of the current situation and the dynamics of change that are rapidly developing. Changes that occur are not only in knowledge and technology but also in aspects of moral values in social life. In addition to family as a center of education, a higher education institution environment also requires a function of character education to shape students’ personality be more positive as expected. In other words, the process of character formation and habituation is the responsibility of not only students’ parents within family domain but also formal higher education institutions. With the various problems that exist at higher education level, character building for primary teacher education (henceforth PGSD) students is needed that they are expected to be able to improve and apply their knowledge, study, appreciate and apply character values in their daily life behavior. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify PGSD students’ character formation and ensure the results of the character formation process in a higher education institution in Indonesia.
Accurate temperature representation of storage conditions of human tissue and blood products: A cold chain analysis
Authors: R Rusnack Michael
Published: June 2021

There is nothing of higher value than human life. A close second is a human tissue that is utilized to help prolong that human life. Proper storage and management of the environment in which these materials are being stored are critical. A common practice in monitoring cold chain conditions for these temperature-sensitive materials is to employ a physical, thermal buffer into which the temperature probe is inserted. This buffer maybe a bottle of glycol or other liquid, a container of glass beads, an aluminum block, or nearly any other media the user feels is appropriate. The purpose of the buffer is to simulate the stored product’s experience rather than the air temperature. This will not be accomplished if the physical buffer is not matched to the stored product’s thermal properties and its container. Cold chain managers are faced with a complex problem if they attempt to take this issue into account. Furthermore, a match is impossible with a single physical buffer when the cold storage unit contains different products and various container sizes. This paper addresses the results of this mismatch from multiple factors and brings to the forefront the real-world problems that may result. Additionally, this paper will discuss a demonstrated solution that will accurately represent the stored materials, no matter the packaging size, material, or contents.