bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The small-molecule SMARt751 reverses
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
resistance to ethionamide in acute and chronic mouse models of tuberculosis
Authors: Flipo Marion , Frita Rosangela , Bourotte Marilyne , Martínez-Martínez María S. , Boesche Markus , Boyle Gary W. , Derimanov Geo , Drewes Gerard , Gamallo Pablo , Ghidelli-Disse Sonja , Gresham Stephanie , Jiménez Elena , de Mercado Jaime , Pérez-Herrán Esther , Porras-De Francisco Esther , Rullas Joaquín , Casado Patricia , Leroux Florence , Piveteau Catherine , Kiass Mehdi , Mathys Vanessa , Soetaert Karine , Megalizzi Véronique , Tanina Abdalkarim , Wintjens René , Antoine Rudy , Brodin Priscille , Delorme Vincent , Moune Martin , Djaout Kamel , Slupek Stéphanie , Kemmer Christian , Gitzinger Marc , Ballell Lluis , Mendoza-Losana Alfonso , Lociuro Sergio , Deprez Benoit , Barros-Aguirre David , Remuiñán Modesto J. , Willand Nicolas , Baulard Alain R.
Published: May 2022

The sensitivity of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
, the pathogen that causes tuberculosis (TB), to antibiotic prodrugs is dependent on the efficacy of the activation process that transforms the prodrugs into their active antibacterial moieties. Various oxidases of
M. tuberculosis
have the potential to activate the prodrug ethionamide. Here, we used medicinal chemistry coupled with a phenotypic assay to select the N-acylated 4-phenylpiperidine compound series. The lead compound, SMARt751, interacted with the transcriptional regulator VirS of
M. tuberculosis
, which regulates the
mymA
operon encoding a monooxygenase that activates ethionamide. SMARt751 boosted the efficacy of ethionamide in vitro and in mouse models of acute and chronic TB. SMARt751 also restored full efficacy of ethionamide in mice infected with
M. tuberculosis
strains carrying mutations in the
ethA
gene, which cause ethionamide resistance in the clinic. SMARt751 was shown to be safe in tests conducted in vitro and in vivo. A model extrapolating animal pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters to humans predicted that as little as 25 mg of SMARt751 daily would allow a fourfold reduction in the dose of ethionamide administered while retaining the same efficacy and reducing side effects.
Changing cell fate in the wall of pulmonary arteries
Authors: Zhang Yongneng , Michelakis Evangelos D.
Published: May 2022

Targeting cell fate may be the most promising approach to treat, reverse, and cure pulmonary arterial hypertension (Zhang
et al.
).
The Role of Glycoside Hydrolases in S. gordonii and C. albicans Interactions
Authors: Zhou Zhiyan , Ren Biao , Li Jiyao , Zhou Xuedong , Xu Xin , Zhou Yuan
Published: May 2022

Cross-kingdom interactions between
Candida albicans
and oral streptococci such as
Streptococcus gordonii
have been reported. However, their interactions in a low-fermentable-carbohydrate environment like saliva is not clear.
FKS1
Is Required for Cryptococcus neoformans Fitness
In Vivo
: Application of Copper-Regulated Gene Expression to Mouse Models of Cryptococcosis
Authors: Beattie Sarah R. , Jezewski Andrew J. , Ristow Laura C. , Wellington Melanie , Krysan Damian J.
Published: May 2022

Conditional expression systems are widely used to genetically validate antifungal drug targets in mouse models of infection. Copper-regulated expression using the promoter of the
CTR4
gene has been sporadically used for this purpose in
C. neoformans
.
Synchronous colonic B cell lymphoma and adenocarcinoma in an elderly patient treated with R-mini-CHOP followed by resection
Authors: Schep Daniel , Van Koughnett Julie Ann , Velker Vikram , Correa Rohann Jonathan Mark
Published: May 2022

The simultaneous diagnosis of colonic lymphoma and adenocarcinoma in the same location is rare and presents challenges in its treatment considerations, especially in elderly patients. While previous cases have been described, there is little consistency in treatment regimens, and outcomes are generally poor. We describe the case of a man in his late 80s who presented with primary cecal and colonic B cell lymphoma, treated with R-mini-CHOP chemotherapy, but was found to have a residual adenocarcinoma in the cecum after treatment that was then successfully resected. The patient remains alive and well 3 years postoperation. This case highlights the need to consider lymphoma as a possible diagnosis for any colonic mass, and the need to consider rebiopsy of residual abnormal-appearing tissue postchemotherapy to confirm the diagnosis. Moreover, our report affirms that aggressive, curative-intent treatment with age-adjusted chemotherapy, and subsequent surgical resection is feasible for certain elderly patients with dual malignant diagnoses.
Understanding how and why quality circles improve standards of practice, enhance professional development and increase psychological well-being of general practitioners: a realist synthesis
Authors: Rohrbasser Adrian , Wong Geoff , Mickan Sharon , Harris Janet
Published: May 2022

Objectives

To understand how and why participation in quality circles (QCs) improves general practitioners’ (GPs) psychological well-being and the quality of their clinical practice. To provide evidence-informed and practical guidance to maintain QCs at local and policy levels.

Design

A theory-driven mixed method.

Setting

Primary healthcare.

Method

We collected data in four stages to develop and refine the programme theory of QCs: (1) coinquiry with Swiss and European expert stakeholders to develop a preliminary programme theory; (2) realist review with systematic searches in MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO and CINHAL (1980–2020) to inform the preliminary programme theory; (3) programme refinement through interviews with participants, facilitators, tutors and managers of QCs and (4) consolidation of theory through interviews with QC experts across Europe and examining existing theories.

Sources of data

The coinquiry comprised 4 interviews and 3 focus groups with 50 European experts. From the literature search, we included 108 papers to develop the literature-based programme theory. In stage 3, we used data from 40 participants gathered in 6 interviews and 2 focus groups to refine the programme theory. In stage 4, five interviewees from different healthcare systems consolidated our programme theory.

Result

Requirements for successful QCs are governmental trust in GPs’ abilities to deliver quality improvement, training, access to educational material and performance data, protected time and financial resources. Group dynamics strongly influence success; facilitators should ensure participants exchange knowledge and generate new concepts in a safe environment. Peer interaction promotes professional development and psychological well-being. With repetition, participants gain confidence to put their new concepts into practice.

Conclusion

With expert facilitation, clinical review and practice opportunities, QCs can improve the quality of standard practice, enhance professional development and increase psychological well-being in the context of adequate professional and administrative support.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42013004826.
Impact of physical activity on COVID-19-related symptoms and perception of physical performance, fatigue and exhaustion during stay-at-home orders
Authors: Gehlhar Andreas , Schmidt Nikola , Eisenburger Nina , Feddern Sven , Kossow Annelene , Nießen Johannes , Wessely Stefanie , Wiesmüller Gerhard A , Grüne Barbara , Joisten Christine
Published: May 2022

Objectives

The measures used to contain the COVID-19 pandemic led to a significant reduction in physical activity. Due to the health benefits of exercise, recommendations were made for lockdown restrictions. Within the CoCo-Fakt study (Cologne-Corona counselling and support for index and contacts during the quarantine period), we aimed to determine how these recommendations were implemented, especially by individuals who were officially quarantined due to an infected persons (IPs) or as close contacts (CPs), and how this affected their physical and psychological condition.

Methods

From 12 December 2020 to 6 January 2021, all IPs and CPs registered by Cologne’s public health department up to the survey period were surveyed online. Of 10 547 people in the CoCo-Fakt sample, 8102 were integrated into the current analysis. In addition to demographic data, information regarding COVID-19-specific and persistent symptoms or conditions and their association with the amount and type of exercise and screen time before and during the quarantine were collected.

Results

Before quarantine, 66.9% of IPs and 69% of CPs were physically active; during quarantine, this decreased by 49.4% in IPs depending on the course of the disease and by 30.6% in CPs. Physically active IPs and CPs felt less exhausted and more fit during their quarantine periods than those who were inactive, with active IPs significantly less likely to report prolonged physical and psychological symptoms than their more sedentary counterparts.

Conclusion

Given the acute and long-term positive effects of exercise on quarantined individuals, corresponding recommendations should be communicated to those affected, especially CPs. Recommendations for IPs depend on their health status.
Visibility of liquid embolic agents in fluoroscopy: a systematic in vitro study
Authors: Schmitt Niclas , Wucherpfennig Lena , Hohenstatt Sophia , Weyland Charlotte S , Sommer Christof M , Bendszus Martin , Möhlenbruch Markus A , Vollherbst Dominik F
Published: May 2022

Background

Endovascular embolization using liquid embolic agents (LEAs) is frequently applied for the treatment of intracranial vascular malformations. Appropriate visibility of LEAs during embolization is essential for visual control and to prevent complications. Since LEAs contain different radiopaque components of varying concentrations, our aim was the systematic assessment of the visibility of the most used LEAs in fluoroscopy.

Methods

A specifically designed in vitro model, resembling cerebral vessels, was embolized with Onyx 18, Squid 18, Squid 12, PHIL (precipitating hydrophobic injectable liquid) 25%, PHIL LV (low viscosity) and NBCA (n-butyl cyanoacrylate) mixed with iodized oil (n=3 for each LEA), as well as with contrast medium and saline, both serving as a reference. Fluoroscopic image acquisition was performed in accordance with clinical routine settings. Visibility was graded quantitatively (contrast to noise ratio, CNR) and qualitatively (five-point scale).

Results

Overall, all LEAs provided at least acceptable visibility in this in vitro model. Onyx and Squid as well as NBCA mixed with iodized oil were best visible at a comparable level and superior to the formulations of PHIL, which did not differ in quantitative and qualitative analyses (eg, Onyx 18 vs PHIL 25% along the 2.0 mm sector: mean CNR±SD: 3.02±0.42 vs 1.92±0.35; mean score±SD: 5.00±0.00 vs 3.75±0.45; p≤0.001, respectively).

Conclusion

In this systematic in vitro study, relevant differences in the fluoroscopic visibility of LEAs in neurointerventional embolization procedures were demonstrated, while all investigated LEAs provided acceptable visibility in our in vitro model.
Safety and efficacy of Sinopharm vaccine (BBIBP-CorV) in elderly population of Faisalabad district of Pakistan
Authors: Nadeem Iftikhar , ul Munamm Syed Ata , Ur Rasool Masood , Fatimah Mufakhara , Abu Bakar Muhammad , Rana Zaid Khalid , Khatana Usman Feroze , Jordon Louise , Saqlain Muhammad , Mahdi Noor , McLoughlin Hilary
Published: May 2022

Introduction

The first case of novel SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) in Pakistan was detected on 26 February 2020. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies have been tried to lessen the mortality and morbidity burden. Various vaccines have been approved. The Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan gave emergency approval for Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV) COVID-19 vaccine in December 2021. The phase 3 trial of BBIBP-CorV included only 612 participants aged 60 years and above. The primary aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of BBIBPP-CorV (Sinopharm) vaccine within the Pakistani adult population aged 60 or above. The study was carried out in the Faisalabad district of Pakistan.

Methods

A test negative case–control study design was used to assess safety and efficacy of BBIBP-CorV in individuals aged 60 and above against symptomatic infection, hospitalisations and mortality due to SARS-CoV-2 among vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals. ORs were calculated using logistic regression model at 95% CI. ORs were used to calculate the vaccine efficacy (VE) by using the following formula.

VE= (1-OR) ×100.

Results

3426 individuals with symptoms of COVID-19 were PCR tested between 5 May 2021 and 31 July 2021. The results showed that Sinopharm vaccine 14 days after the second dose was efficient in reducing the risk of symptomatic COVID-19 infection, hospitalisations and mortality by 94.3%, 60.5% and 98.6%, respectively, among vaccinated individuals with a significant p value of 0.001.

Conclusion

Our study showed that BBIBP-CorV vaccine is highly effective in preventing infection, hospitalisations and mortality due to COVID-19.
Plant-based food patterns to stimulate muscle protein synthesis and support muscle mass in humans: a narrative review
Authors: Nichele Sarah , Phillips Stuart M. , Boaventura Brunna C.B.
Published: May 2022

The interest in a diet with a higher proportion of plant-based foods to animal-based foods is a global food pattern trend. However, there are concerns regarding adopting plants as the main dietary protein source to support muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and muscle mass. These concerns are centered on three issues: lower protein bioavailability due to antinutritional compounds in plants, lower per-serve scores of protein at similar energy intake, and amino acid scores of plants being lower than optimal. We aimed here to synthesize and discuss evidence around plant protein in human nutrition focusing on the capacity of these proteins to stimulate MPS as a key part of gaining or maintaining muscle mass. In this review, we addressed the issues of plant protein quality and provided evidence for how plant proteins can be made more effective to stimulate MPS and support muscle mass in partial or total replacement of consumption of products of animal origin.

Novelty:

Plant proteins are known, in general, to have lower protein quality scores than animal proteins, and this may have important implications, especially for those aiming to increase their skeletal muscle mass through exercise. A plant-based diet has been postulated to have lower protein quality limiting MPS responses and potentially compromising exercise-induced gains in muscle mass. Current evidence shows that plant proteins can stimulate MPS, as can whole foods, especially when combining food groups, increasing portion sizes, and optimizing amino acid bioavailability through processing or common preparation methods.
Mid-summer annual forage performance in organic, grass-fed production
Authors: Van Die Myra , Entz Martin H.
Published: May 2022

Grass-fed ruminant production does not have the convenience of feeding easily-storable grains during periods of low forage availability. This study examined the forage yield, quality, and utilization of warm- and cool-season annual forages grown under organic management during the mid-summer “feed gap” period. Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam. cv. Tetra Brand), winter triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack cv. common), oat (Avena sativa L. cv. Souris), millet (Panicum miliaceum L. cv. Crown Proso), corn (Zea mays L. cv. BMR84 and CM440 Canamaize), and sorghum-sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench × Sorghum sudanense [Piper] Stapf cv. common) were grown in Carman, Manitoba, over 3 site-years in 2018 and 2019. Combined forage and weed dry matter (DM) yield was 7159 kg·ha−1 for sorghum-sudangrass (29% weeds), 5506 kg·ha−1 for corn (36% weeds), 4687 kg·ha−1 for oat (45% weeds), 4617 kg·ha−1 for annual ryegrass (95% weeds), 4542 kg·ha−1 for millet (28% weeds), and 2945 kg·ha−1 for winter triticale (51% weeds); significant differences in crop and weed biomass were observed. All forage systems were palatable to sheep with utilization rates from 47% to 65%. When all quality parameters were considered, corn, winter triticale, millet, and oat displayed adequate quality for mid-summer grazing, while sorghum-sudangrass had suboptimal crude protein concentrations. Direct measurements of forage quality on weeds showed that weeds did not compromise forage quality. This Canadian first study demonstrated the potential of forage production for mid-summer grazing in an organic, grass-fed regime with oat, millet, and corn resulting in the best combination of yield and quality.
Erratum to: Optical properties of Kerr–Newman spacetime in the presence of plasma
Authors: Babar Gulmina Zaman , Babar Abdullah Zaman , Atamurotov Farruh
Published: May 2022

A Correction to this paper has been published: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-8346-3
Erratum to: Light-by-light scattering in a photon–photon collider
Authors: Takahashi T. , An G. , Chen Y. , Chou W. , Huang Y. , Liu W. , Lu W. , Lv J. , Pei G. , Pei S. , Shen C. P. , Sun B. , Zhang C. , Zhang C.
Published: May 2022

A Correction to this paper has been published: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6364-1
Bloch and Landau type theorems for pluriharmonic mappings
Authors: Liu Ming-Sheng , Ponnusamy Saminathan
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we establish two new versions of Landau-type theorems for pluriharmonic mappings with a bounded distortion. Then using these results, we derive three Bloch-type theorems of pluriharmonic mappings, which improve the corresponding results of Chen and Gauthier.
Elliptically oscillating solutions in Abelian–Higgs model and electromagnetic property
Authors: Kitadono Yoshio , Inagaki Tomohiro
Published: May 2022

The elliptically oscillating solutions in the Abelian–Higgs model are presented and the classical massive-dispersion-relation through the nonlinear dynamics is discussed. The generated massive-dispersion-relation including a field value of the scalar field is derived as the consequence of the equation of motions. We discuss the property of the new solutions and its Hamiltonian density. In addition, we calculate the electromagnetic property of the system, in particular, we derive the relation between the field value and the electric field and the electric current density.
Bardeen strange stellar structures
Authors: Mustafa G. , Shamir M. Farasat , Ditta Allah , Hussain Ibrar
Published: May 2022

This study is explored to discuss the anisotropic nature of charged strange compact stars by considering the MIT bag model in the context of our universe’s accelerated expansion scenario. For this purpose, we choose two models for spherically symmetric space–time components. In Model-I, we plug the embedded space–time to evaluate the Bardeen strange stellar structures. In Model-II, we choose the Krori–Barua space–time. We correlate the Bardeen geometry as an exterior solution with a spherically symmetric interior geometry to acquire unknown parameters involved in the study. We discuss the necessary properties of the strange stellar models with embedded space–time and Krori–Barua space–time via the MIT bag model. After witnessing the minor differences in our proposed models, Andreasson’s limit [Formula: see text] has been fulfilled as required by the charged stellar structures. Further, we conclude that all the acquired results show the stable and self-consistent behavior of charged anisotropic compact structures.
A Clinical Kidney Intelligence Platform Based on Big Data, Artificial Intelligence, and Blockchain Technology
Authors: Shae Zon-Yin , Tsai Jeffrey J. P.
Published: May 2022

The high prevalence and incidence of end-stage rental disease (ESRD) and the difficulty in the early predicting the acute kidney injury (AKI) event highlights the limits of existing kidney care model, particularly the fragmented care and fractured data. The era of medical big data and artificial intelligence (AI) opens an opportunity to fill these knowledge and practice gaps. To obtain multi-dimensional view of the profiles of patients receiving dialysis, we propose to provide coherent care services and to actively collect patients’ multi-faceted information from home and hospital (e.g., photos of diets, sleep duration, or dermatologic manifestations). Furthermore, by introducing the blockchain in the infrastructure to enable the trustable medical exchange and effectively creates a large set of distributed medical data lake from various participated hospitals. We will introduce the medical coin, a virtual token, to vitalize digital service within the blockchain and create common interests among data generators, data vendors, and data users.We aim to create business models on top of its therapeutic effectiveness and unlock the academic and commercial value of medical data ecosystem.
EXACT TRAVELING WAVE SOLUTIONS TO THE LOCAL FRACTIONAL (3 + 1)-DIMENSIONAL JIMBO–MIWA EQUATION ON CANTOR SETS
Authors: WANG KANG-JIA
Published: May 2022

In this work, we derive a new fractional [Formula: see text]-dimensional Jimbo–Miwa equation via the local fractional derivative. With the help of the traveling wave transform of the non-differentiable type, the local fractional [Formula: see text]-dimensional Jimbo–Miwa equation is converted into a nonlinear local fractional ordinary differential equation. Then, a new method named as Mittag-Leffler function-based method is used to construct the exact traveling wave solutions for the first time. Four families (eight sets) of the traveling wave solutions are obtained and the behaviors of the solutions on Cantor sets are presented via the 3D plot. The results show that the proposed method is a powerful tool to study the traveling wave theory of the local fractional equations.
CERTAIN NEW WEIGHTED YOUNG- AND PÓLYA–SZEGÖ-TYPE INEQUALITIES FOR UNIFIED FRACTIONAL INTEGRAL OPERATORS VIA AN EXTENDED GENERALIZED MITTAG-LEFFLER FUNCTION WITH APPLICATIONS
Authors: YANG WENGUI
Published: May 2022

This paper investigates certain new weighted Young- and Pólya–Szegö-type inequalities for unified fractional integral operators via an extended generalized Mittag-Leffler function. A large quantity of usable classical inequalities in the literature are included in the main results of this paper. Meanwhile, two types of new generalized weighted fractional integral operators are introduced to establish some new weighted Young- and Pólya–Szegö-type inequalities. As applications, several estimates of Chebyshev-type weighted unified fractional integral inequalities with two unknown functions are obtained by employing the Heaviside unit step function. Finally, some relations between main results and known inequalities for different kinds of fractional integral operators are provided.
FRACTAL NETWORKS MODELED BY SOME FRACTAL CARPET
Authors: WANG QIN , CUI KEQIN , MA WENJIA , ZENG QINGCHENG
Published: May 2022

We construct a family of evolving networks modeled by some fractal carpet which is not symmetric. We investigate the scale-free effect and small-word effect of our fractal networks, including the power-law of the cumulative degree distribution, the average clustering coefficient and the average geodesic distance.
WEIGHT-DEPENDENT WALKS AND AVERAGE SHORTEST WEIGHTED PATH ON THE WEIGHTED ITERATED FRIENDSHIP GRAPHS
Authors: LIU YAN , DAI MEIFENG , GUO YUANYUAN
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we present the weighted iterated friendship graphs and study the trapping problem on the weighted iterated friendship graphs. It can be found that for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], the relationship between the average trapping time (ATT) and network size is sublinear and linear, respectively. By controlling the parameters of the weighted iterated friendship graphs, the models are changed to the self-similar weighted networks. The average shortest weighted path (ASWP) in the self-similar weighted friendship graphs is studied. The results show that when [Formula: see text], the ASWP is bounded, and when [Formula: see text], the ASWP is linearly related to the order of the networks.
COMMON FIXED POINT RESULTS FOR WEAKLY COMPATIBLE MAPPINGS WITH AN APPLICATION TO DETERMINISTIC FRACTALS
Authors: KUMAM P. , JACOB G. K. , ANSARI J. Ar. H. , MARUDAI M. , SEANGWATTANA T.
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we prove the existence of a common fixed point for generalized weakly Zamfirescu-type mappings. Finally, we give an application to our main result in the fractal space which proves the existence of a common attractor for a new kind of deterministic fractal.
A REVIEW OF FRACTAL FUNCTIONS AND APPLICATIONS
Authors: WANG XUEFEI , ZHAO CHUNXIA , YUAN XIA
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we mainly investigate continuous functions with unbounded variation on closed intervals. Given the increasing number of proposals and definitions of different kinds of functions with fractal structure in the scope of fractal functions, it is important to introduce a systematic classification and discuss elementary definitions of fractal functions. Different examples of fractal functions with certain fractal dimensions have been given. Then, we have introduced different kind of fractal function such as singular fractal function, irregular fractal function, regular fractal function and complete regular fractal function. We also introduce fractal functions of integer dimension with one and two, respectively. Other continuous and discontinuous functions with fractal structure have been given. Applications of fractal functions in interpolation, approximation and relationship between fractional calculus have been investigated. Finally, we studied fractal dimension spaces with different fractal dimensions.
FLOCK EFFECT DRIVES INFORMATION FRACTAL PROPAGATION
Authors: NIAN FUZHONG , CUI YUANLIN , YANG YANG , WANG XINGYUAN
Published: May 2022

In this paper, first, the structure of social networks was investigated from fractal perspective and the fractal network was built from online social networks. Then inspired by the flock effect, the characteristics of “separation”, “cohesion” and “alignment” in information propagation were studied from the inherent granularity structure of fractal communities. Accordingly, the agreement degree and controversy degree between community members at different granularities were defined. And the “Seeking Common Ground While Shelving Differences” propagation rule in fractal network was presented. On this basis, a new S2I propagation model was proposed. From this model, communicators were divided into two states, I and OI. People in status I have a tendency to express support for a message. While those in state OI have a tendency to oppose it. The information propagation process and characteristics were analyzed further by using S2I model. Finally, the effectiveness of S2I model was verified by comparative experiments of simulation and real data analysis.
The Role of Social Customer Relationship Management in Improving Relationship Performance in Small Businesses
Authors: Ohliati Jenny , Yuniarty  , Bismo Aryo
Published: May 2022

The advent of social media allows SMEs to use marketing information gleaned from social media to develop functions that enable them to serve their customers better. Small businesses can improve their communication with customers through social media to understand their ideas and thereby increase their profits. Small businesses can gain brand awareness on social media at a lower cost, as consumers can spread word of mouth to more potential customers on social media. SMEs can get information about changing customer preferences for products and services by communicating with customers on social media. Marketing insights gained from social media can support innovative strategies to improve retailer performance. SMEs can use information obtained from customers via social media to make accurate and timely brand innovation decisions. This research uses the PLS-SEM method to study the relationship between social factors in information processing and customer relationship performance. Data collection using interviews and distributing questionnaires to SME merchants. This study aims to influence customer relationship performance by studying the impact of social customer relationship management (s-CRM) and customer relationship store positioning on customer engagement and social information processes.
Cohomology of semi-invariant submanifolds in metallic Riemannian manifolds
Authors: Gök Mustafa
Published: May 2022

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the cohomology of semi-invariant submanifolds in metallic Riemannian manifolds. We show that there exist well-defined canonical de Rham cohomology classes for such type of submanifolds under some necessary conditions. We also discuss the non-triviality of these cohomology classes. Finally, we provide two examples in order to support the results obtained from the paper.
Federated Learning for Personalized Humor Recognition
Authors: Guo Xu , Yu Han , Li Boyang , Wang Hao , Xing Pengwei , Feng Siwei , Nie Zaiqing , Miao Chunyan
Published: May 2022

Computational understanding of humor is an important topic under creative language understanding and modeling. It can play a key role in complex human-AI interactions. The challenge here is that human perception of humorous content is highly subjective. The same joke may receive different funniness ratings from different readers. This makes it highly challenging for humor recognition models to achieve personalization in practical scenarios. Existing approaches are generally designed based on the assumption that users have a consensus on whether a given text is humorous or not. Thus, they cannot handle diverse humor preferences well. In this article, we propose the FedHumor approach for the recognition of humorous content in a personalized manner through Federated Learning (FL). Extending a pre-trained language model, FedHumor guides the fine-tuning process by considering diverse distributions of humor preferences from individuals. It incorporates a diversity adaptation strategy into the FL paradigm to train a personalized humor recognition model. To the best of our knowledge, FedHumor is the first text-based personalized humor recognition model through federated learning. Extensive experiments demonstrate the advantage of FedHumor in recognizing humorous texts compared to nine state-of-the-art humor recognition approaches with superior capability for handling the diversity in humor labels produced by users with diverse preferences.
Economical Behavior Modeling and Analyses for Data Collection in Edge Internet of Things Networks
Authors: Zeng Yiming , Zhou Pengzhan , Wang Cong , Liu Ji , Yang Yuanyuan
Published: May 2022

Internet of Things (IoT) is progressively becoming an essential aspect of daily life that can be sensed anywhere and anytime, transforming the traditional lifestyle into a high-tech one. Numerous applications in the edge are brought to life based on IoT infrastructures. Especially, edge computing has witnessed the proliferation and impact of IoT-enabled devices benefiting from the data collection and computation capabilities of IoT. However, establishing an IoT from scratch can be monetarily expensive, and leasing the existing sub-networks confronts the potentially dishonest behavior of service providers. To address these issues, we propose a novel framework of leasing edge IoT networks and analyze the influence of sub-network owners’ dishonest behavior on the network. We model the interaction between the edge user and the owners of sub-networks by a Stackelberg game with a unique equilibrium, jointly analyzing the pricing and data collection mechanisms. The Primal-dual Decomposition algorithm and its theoretical analyses are provided for the corresponding strategies of the edge user and sub-network owners. Evaluations demonstrate that the proposed algorithm in the leasing model can save data collection cost up to 53% compared with existing data collection strategies, and illustrate the difference in network performance compared with the game without dishonest owners.
wfspan: Wait-free Dynamic Memory Management
Authors: Ouyang Xiangzhen , Zhu Yian
Published: May 2022

Dynamic memory allocation plays a vital role in modern application programs. Modern lock-free memory allocators based on hardware atomic primitives usually provide good performance. However, threads may starve in these lock-free implementations, leading to unbounded worst-case execution time that is not allowed in real-time embedded systems. This article presents decentralized dynamic memory management, wfspan, based on non-linearizable wait-free lists. It employs a helping mechanism to ensure no starvation in the lock-free implementation. From the perspective of design tradeoff, wfspan guarantees bounded execution steps in both allocation and deallocation procedure, at the cost of increasing bounded worst-case memory footprint. The results of running benchmarks on an x86/64 and an aarch64 machine illustrate that wfspan achieves competitive performance and memory footprint compared to lock-based and lock-free practical memory allocators while showing superior to other allocators in terms of worst-case execution time.
Genome Privacy and Trust
Authors: Gürsoy Gamze
Published: May 2022

Genomics data are important for advancing biomedical research, improving clinical care, and informing other disciplines such as forensics and genealogy. However, privacy concerns arise when genomic data are shared. In particular, the identifying nature of genetic information, its direct relationship to health status, and the potential financial harm and stigmatization posed to individuals and their blood relatives call for a survey of the privacy issues related to sharing genetic and related data and potential solutions to overcome these issues. In this work, we provide an overview of the importance of genomic privacy, the information gleaned from genomics data, the sources of potential private information leakages in genomics, and ways to preserve privacy while utilizing the genetic information in research. We discuss the relationship between trust in the scientific community and protecting privacy, illuminating a future roadmap for data sharing and study participation.
Misperceptions About Others
Authors: Bursztyn Leonardo , Yang David Y.
Published: May 2022

Perceptions about others play an important role in shaping people's attitudes and behaviors, as well as social norms more broadly. This review presents a meta-analysis of the recent empirical literature that examines perceptions about others in the field, covering over a million observations for a total of 434 elicited perceptions. We document a number of stylized facts. Misperceptions about others are widespread, asymmetric, much larger when about out-group members, and positively associated with one's own attitudes. Experimental treatments to recalibrate misperceptions generally work as intended; they sometimes lead to meaningful changes in behaviors, though this often occurs only immediately after the treatments. We discuss different conceptual frameworks that could explain the origin, persistence, and rigidity of misperceptions about others. We point to several directions for future research.
The Economics of Liquidity Lines Between Central Banks
Authors: Bahaj Saleem , Reis Ricardo
Published: May 2022

Liquidity lines between central banks are a key part of the international financial safety net. In this review article, we lay out some of the economic questions that they pose. Research has provided answers to some of these questions, but many more require further research.
Improved Sensitivity and Selectivity for the Redox Potentiometric Measurement of Biological Redox Molecules Using Nafion-Coated Platinum Decorated Nanoporous Gold Electrodes
Authors: Islam Md. Shafiul , Collinson Maryanne M.
Published: May 2022

Sensitivity and selectivity are two important figures of merit in analytical measurements, but in redox potentiometry, they are often limited. In this study, we describe how the potentiometric sensitivity and selectivity can be improved using nanoporous gold (NPG) electrodes with hydrogen peroxide, dopamine, ascorbic acid, and a mixture of dopamine and ascorbic acid as the test analytes. The results show that the addition of platinum (Pt) to the nanoporous framework significantly improves electrode sensitivity for the analytes studied. Furthermore, it was only possible to potentiometrically detect hydrogen peroxide at the NPG-Pt electrodes. To further improve sensitivity and also impart some selectivity, the electrodes were spin-coated with Nafion. The addition of Nafion shifts the open-circuit potential to more positive values, increases sensitivity by almost a factor of 2, and imparts selectivity to the surface for the analysis of mixtures. Collectively, this works shows the promise of Pt-decorated nanoporous electrodes coupled with a Nafion film to improve the overall performance of redox potentiometry in analytical science.
Newly Developed Nano Sensitive Carbon Paste Electrode Modified with Silver Sulphadiazine and Zinc Oxide for Voltammetric Determination of Loperamide Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulation and in Human Plasma
Authors: Ibrahim Maha Mahmoud , Kelani Khadiga Mohamed , Ramadan Nesreen Khamis , Elzanfaly Eman Saad , Abdel-Atty Shimaa
Published: May 2022

A simple electrochemical procedure was developed for the electrochemical determination of Loperamide hydrochloride (LOP). A square wave voltammetric method was applied to determine LOP in its pure form, pharmaceutical formulation, in presence of co-administered drugs omeprazole, trimebutine, and naproxen and in human plasma. In the applied method, a newly fabricated carbon paste electrode chemically modified with silver sulfadiazine and zinc oxide was used. Experimental parameters such as pH of Britton-Robinson buffer, scan rate and applied current potential of the electrode surface were optimized. The morphological structure of the newly fabricated electrode was illustrated using transmission electron microscopy. Using Britton–Robinson buffer of pH 8.00, LOP showed an irreversible anodic peak of 0.827 V. The manufactured sensor displayed high sensitivity and optimum charge/electrode kinetic transmission. Linear calibration curve was obtained between the peak current and the corresponding concentration of LOP over the range (14.00 × 10−12− 1.00 × 10−4M) with low detection limit of about (4.00 × 10−12M) indicating good sensitivity. The proposed method was validated according to the ICH guidelines. The proposed sensor was also applied to determine LOP in human plasma after successfully validating the method according to the FDA bioanalytical methods guidelines. The greenness of the method was assessed using the Analytical Eco-Scale approach and the results reveal that the developed method is not only greener and uses non-hazardous chemicals than the previously reported HPLC methods for LOP determination in biological fluid but also can be used in the quality control laboratories for LOP determination in pharmaceutical formulation and in human plasma.
Bidirectional relationships between the gut microbiome and sexual traits
Authors: del Castillo-Izquierdo Ángela , Mayneris-Perxachs Jordi , Fernández-Real José Manuel
Published: May 2022

The human gut microbiota is known to be shaped by a variety of environmental factors (diet, drugs, geography, and sanitation) and host intrinsic factors (age and sexual development). The differences in gut microbiota between sexes are minimal before adulthood and late adulthood, and marked during adulthood. For instance, consistent higher relative abundances of Akkermansia and Ruminococcus have been observed in adult women compared with men and most studies have found higher relative abundances of Prevotella and Fusobacterium (linked to a diet rich in animal proteins) in adult men compared with women. The gut microbiota taxonomy and functionality present in women is more similar to men once reached the menopause. In fact, specific taxa have been associated with the levels of different sexual hormones and their precursors in blood. The gut microbiota composition and circulating testosterone levels are also tightly linked to the extent that microbial signatures can predict its levels in blood. At the same time, the gut microbiota participates in the metabolism of sexual hormones, with some bacteria being able to metabolize gonadal steroid hormones (one example is 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, a testosterone degrading enzyme). In summary, the relationships between the gut microbiome and sexual traits are bidirectional. In addition, other phenotypes and cultural gender-related factors could drive sex-related differences. It is important to note that other members of the microbiome (Archaea, viruses, and fungi) have been largely unexplored in relation to this sexual dimorphism. More research is needed on this topic.
Analysis of collateral projections from the lateral orbitofrontal cortex to nucleus accumbens and basolateral amygdala in rats
Authors: Lai Chien-Wen , Shih Cheng-Wei , Chang Chun-hui
Published: May 2022

Using the double retrograde tracing and electrophysiological approach, we reported that among the sampled NAcc- or the BLA-projecting lOFC neurons, the percentage of collateral projections were fairly stable (about 20%–25%) along the lOFC anterior-posterior axis. Furthermore, among the neurons sampled in the NAcc and the BLA, there was no difference in physiological characteristics in response to lOFC stimulation between the two pathways.
Face Mask Detection Using Deep Convolutional Neural Network and MobileNetV2-Based Transfer Learning
Authors: Hussain Dostdar , Ismail Muhammad , Hussain Israr , Alroobaea Roobaea , Hussain Saddam , Ullah Syed Sajid
Published: May 2022

The rapid spreading of Coronavirus disease

2019

(COVID-19) is a major health risk that the whole world is facing for the last two years. One of the main causes of the fast spreading of this virus is the direct contact of people with each other. There are many precautionary measures to reduce the spread of this virus; however, the major one is wearing face masks in public places. Detection of face masks in public places is a real challenge that needs to be addressed to reduce the risk of spreading the virus. To address these challenges, an automated system for face mask detection using deep learning (DL) algorithms has been proposed to control the spreading of this infectious disease effectively. This work applies deep convolution neural network (DCNN) and MobileNetV2-based transfer learning models for effectual face mask detection. We evaluated the performance of these two models on two separate datasets, i.e., our developed dataset by considering real-world scenarios having

2500
 

images (dataset-1) and the dataset taken from PyImage Search Reader Prajna Bhandary and some random sources (dataset-2). The experimental results demonstrated that MobileNetV2 achieved

98
%

and

99
%

accuracies on dataset-1 and dataset-2, respectively, whereas DCNN achieved

97
%

accuracy on both datasets. Based on our findings, it can be concluded that the MobileNetV2-based transfer learning model would be an alternative to the DCNN model for highly accurate face mask detection.
Prevalence and Prognostic Importance of High Fibrosis-4 Index in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Demir Nurhan , Yüzbasıoglu Bilgehan , Calhan Turan , Ozturk Savas
Published: May 2022

Introduction. The fibrosis 4 (FIB-4) index was developed to predict advanced fibrosis in patients with liver disease. We aimed to evaluate the association of FIB-4 with risk factors for progression to critical illness in middle-aged patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Method. We included patients aged 35–65 years who were hospitalized following a positive RT-PCR SARS-Cov-2 test in a tertiary hospital. All data were obtained from the medical records of the patients during the first admission to the hospital. The FIB-4 index was calculated according to the equation (age (years) x AST (IU/L)/platelet count (109/L)/√ALT (IU/L)). The FIB-4 index was divided into three categories according to the score categorisation: <1.3 = low risk, 1.3–2.67 = moderate risk, and >2.67 = high risk. Results. A total of 619 confirmed COVID-19 patients (mean age = 52 yrs.) were included in this study; 37 (6.0%) were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), of which 44% were intubated and eight (1.3%) patients died during follow-up. The results of patients with high FIB-4 scores were compared with those with low FIB-4 scores. In patients with high FIB-4 scores, male gender, and advanced age, decreased neutrophil, lymphocyte, thrombocyte, and albumin counts, elevated AST, LDH, CK, ferritin, CRP, and D-dimer, and low GFR were the high-risk factors for critical illness. Additionally, the number of patients referred to ICU with high FIB-4 who died had higher scores than from those with low scores. Conclusion. The FIB-4 index derived from baseline data obtained during hospitalisation can be used as a simple, inexpensive, and straightforward indicator to predict ICU requirement and/or death in middle-aged hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Nanomaterials and Research on the Repair of Basketball Sports Ligament Injury
Authors: Xing Zhongyou
Published: May 2022

Sports ligament injury refers to muscle or joint injury caused by excessive use of limbs or long‐term use of wrong training methods. This is a very common sports disease, and the body’s ability to heal itself is poor. At present, the clinical methods to treat this disease mainly include autologous structure transplantation, allogeneic structure transplantation, and artificial ligament reconstruction. Nanomaterials refer to materials made of them as basic units. Transplantation of homologous and allogeneic structures may cause immune rejection in the human body. Therefore, the use of nanomaterials to reconstruct artificial ligaments is the current research hotspot of sports injury repair. This article mainly studies the repair effect of nanomaterials on basketball sports ligament injuries. In this paper, by implanting nanofiber scaffolds in sports‐injured rabbits, observing and comparing the healing, growth, and proliferation of damaged cells after implantation, and the compatibility of nanofibers with cell tissues, so as to determine that nanomaterials have an impact of lion sports injury repair and the interaction between nanomaterials and cells. According to the experimental results, the implantation of nanofiber scaffolds can greatly accelerate cell proliferation and differentiation and promote the healing of sports‐damaged tissues; nanofiber scaffolds have good histocompatibility, so the use of nanomaterials can promote the repair of sports ligament injury in basketball sports.