bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing adoptive CD8 T cell therapy by systemic delivery of tumor associated antigens
Authors: Jæhger Ditte E. , Hübbe Mie L. , Kræmer Martin K. , Clergeaud Gael , Olsen André V. , Stavnsbjerg Camilla , Wiinholt Mette N. , Kjær Andreas , Henriksen Jonas R. , Hansen Anders E. , Andresen Thomas L.
Published: October 2021

Adoptive T-cell transfer (ACT) offers a curative therapeutic option for subsets of melanoma and hematological cancer patients. To increase response rates and broaden the applicability of ACT, it is necessary to improve the post-infusion performance of the transferred T cells. The design of improved treatment strategies includes transfer of cells with a less differentiated phenotype. Such T cell subsets have high proliferative potential but require stimulatory signals in vivo to differentiate into tumor-reactive effector T cells. Thus, combination strategies are needed to support the therapeutic implementation of less differentiated T cells. Here we show that systemic delivery of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) facilitates in vivo priming and expansion of previously non-activated T cells and enhance the cytotoxicity of activated T cells. To achieve this in vivo priming, we use flexible delivery vehicles of TAAs and a TLR7/8 agonist. Contrasting subcutaneous delivery systems, these vehicles accumulate TAAs in the spleen, thereby achieving close proximity to both cross-presenting dendritic cells and transferred T cells, resulting in robust T-cell expansion and anti-tumor reactivity. This TAA delivery platform offers a strategy to safely potentiate the post-infusion performance of T cells using low doses of antigen and TLR7/8 agonist, and thereby enhance the effect of ACT.
Ppia is the most stable housekeeping gene for qRT-PCR normalization in kidneys of three Pkd1-deficient mouse models
Authors: Muñoz Juan J. , Anauate Ana C. , Amaral Andressa G. , Ferreira Frederico M. , Watanabe Elieser H. , Meca Renata , Ormanji Milene S. , Boim Mirian A. , Onuchic Luiz F. , Heilberg Ita P.
Published: October 2021

Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is the most common inherited renal disorder, characterized by renal cyst development leading to end-stage renal disease. Although the appropriate choice of suitable reference is critical for quantitative RNA analysis, no comparison of frequently used “housekeeping” genes is available. Here, we determined the validity of 7 candidate housekeeping genes (Actb, Actg1, B2m, Gapdh, Hprt, Pgam1 and Ppia) in kidney tissues from mouse models orthologous to ADPKD, including a cystic mice (CY) 10–12 weeks old (Pkd1flox/flox:Nestincre/Pkd1flox/−:Nestincre, n = 10) and non-cystic (NC) controls (Pkd1flox/flox/Pkd1flox/-, n = 10), Pkd1-haploinsufficient (HT) mice (Pkd1+/−, n = 6) and wild-type (WT) controls (Pkd1+/+, n = 6) and a severely cystic (SC) mice 15 days old (Pkd1V/V, n = 7) and their controls (CO, n = 5). Gene expression data were analyzed using six distinct statistical softwares. The estimation of the ideal number of genes suggested the use of Ppia alone as sufficient, although not ideal, to analyze groups altogether. Actb, Hprt and Ppia expression profiles were correlated in all samples. Ppia was identified as the most stable housekeeping gene, while Gapdh was the least stable for all kidney samples. Stat3 expression level was consistent with upregulation in SC compared to CO when normalized by Ppia expression. In conclusion, present findings identified Ppia as the best housekeeping gene for CY + NC and SC + CO groups, while Hprt was the best for the HT + WT group.
The genetic variation and relationship among the natural hybrids of Mangifera casturi Kosterm
Authors: Matra Deden Derajat , Fathoni Muh Agust Nur , Majiidu Muhammad , Wicaksono Hanif , Sriyono Agung , Gunawan Gunawan , Susanti Hilda , Sari Rismita , Fitmawati Fitmawati , Siregar Iskandar Zulkarnaen , Widodo Winarso Drajad , Poerwanto Roedhy
Published: October 2021

Mangifera casturi Kosterm., a mango plant from Kalimantan Selatan, Indonesia, has limited genetic information, severely limiting the research on its genetic variation and phylogeny. We collected M. casturi’s genomic information using next-generation sequencing, developed microsatellite markers and performed Sanger sequencing for DNA barcoding analysis. These markers were used to confirm parental origin and genetic diversity of M. casturi hybrids. The clean reads of the Kasturi accession were assembled de novo, producing 259 872 scaffolds (N50 = 1 445 bp). Fourteen polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed from 11 040 microsatellite motif-containing sequences. In total, 58 alleles were produced with a mean of 4.14 alleles per locus. Microsatellite marker analysis revealed broad genetic variation in M. casturi. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using internal transcribed spacers (ITS), matK, rbcL, and trnH-psbA. The phylogenetic tree of chloroplast markers placed Kasturi, Cuban, Pelipisan, Pinari, and Hambawang in one group, with M. indica as the female ancestor. Meanwhile, the phylogenetic tree of ITS markers indicated several Mangifera species as ancestors of M. casturi. Thus, M. casturi very likely originated from the cross-hybridization of multiple ancestors. Furthermore, crossing the F1 hybrids of M. indica and M. quadrifida with other Mangifera spp. may have generated much genetic variation. The genetic information for M. casturi will be a resource for breeding improvement, and conservation studies.
A prediction model using 2-propanol and 2-butanone in urine distinguishes breast cancer
Authors: Kure Shoko , Satoi Sera , Kitayama Toshihiko , Nagase Yuta , Nakano Nobuo , Yamada Marina , Uchiyama Noboru , Miyashita Satoshi , Iida Shinya , Takei Hiroyuki , Miyashita Masao
Published: October 2021

Safe and noninvasive methods for breast cancer screening with improved accuracy are urgently needed. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in biological samples such as breath and blood have been investigated as noninvasive novel markers of cancer. We investigated volatile organic compounds in urine to assess their potential for the detection of breast cancer. One hundred and ten women with biopsy-proven breast cancer and 177 healthy volunteers were enrolled. The subjects were divided into two groups: a training set and an external validation set. Urine samples were collected and analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. A predictive model was constructed by multivariate analysis, and the sensitivity and specificity of the model were confirmed using both a training set and an external set with reproducibility tests. The training set included 60 breast cancer patients (age 34–88 years, mean 60.3) and 60 healthy controls (age 34–81 years, mean 58.7). The external validation set included 50 breast cancer patients (age 35–85 years, mean 58.8) and 117 healthy controls (age 18–84 years, mean 51.2). One hundred and ninety-one compounds detected in at least 80% of the samples from the training set were used for further analysis. The predictive model that best-detected breast cancer at various clinical stages was constructed using a combination of two of the compounds, 2-propanol and 2-butanone. The sensitivity and specificity in the training set were 93.3% and 83.3%, respectively. Triplicated reproducibility tests were performed by randomly choosing ten samples from each group, and the results showed a matching rate of 100% for the breast cancer patient group and 90% for the healthy control group. Our prediction model using two VOCs is a useful complement to the current diagnostic tools. Further studies inclusive of benign tumors and non-breast malignancies are warranted.
Effect of AAV-mediated overexpression of ATF5 and downstream targets of an integrated stress response in murine skeletal muscle
Authors: Brearley-Sholto Madelaine C. , Loczenski-Brown David M. , Jones Sarah , Daniel Zoe C. T. R. , Ebling Francis J. P. , Parr Tim , Brameld John M.
Published: October 2021

We previously reported that growth promoter-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy co-ordinately upregulated expression of genes associated with an integrated stress response (ISR), as well as potential ISR regulators. We therefore used Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV)-mediated overexpression of these genes, individually or in combination, in mouse skeletal muscle to test whether they induced muscle hypertrophy. AAV of each target gene was injected into mouse Tibialis anterior (TA) and effects on skeletal muscle growth determined 28 days later. Individually, AAV constructs for Arginase-2 (Arg2) and Activating transcription factor-5 (Atf5) reduced hindlimb muscle weights and upregulated expression of genes associated with an ISR. AAV-Atf5 also decreased Myosin heavy chain (MyHC)-IIB mRNA, but increased MyHC-IIA and isocitrate dehydrogenase-2 (Idh2) mRNA, suggesting ATF5 is a novel transcriptional regulator of Idh2. AAV-Atf5 reduced the size of both TA oxidative and glycolytic fibres, without affecting fibre-type proportions, whereas Atf5 combined with Cebpg (CCAAT enhancer binding protein-gamma) only reduced the size of glycolytic fibres and tended to increase the proportion of oxidative fibres. It is likely that persistent Atf5 overexpression maintains activation of the ISR, thereby reducing protein synthesis and/or increasing protein degradation and possibly apoptosis, resulting in inhibition of muscle growth, with overexpression of Arg2 having a similar effect.
Glacial lake outburst floods enhance benthic microbial productivity in perennially ice-covered Lake Untersee (East Antarctica)
Authors: Faucher Benoit , Lacelle Denis , Marsh Nicole Britney , Jasperse Liam , Clark Ian Douglas , Andersen Dale Thomas
Published: October 2021

Benthic ecosystems of perennially ice-covered lakes in Antarctica are highly sensitive to climate-driven changes. Lake Untersee has been in hydrological steady-state for several hundred years with a high pH water column and extremely low levels of dissolved inorganic carbon. Here, we show that glacial lake outburst floods can replenish carbon dioxide-depleted lakes with carbon, enhancing phototrophic activity of the benthic ecosystem. In 2019, a glacial lake outburst flood brought 17.5 million m3 of water to Lake Untersee, the most substantial reported increase for any surface lake in Antarctica. High-resolution grain-size and carbon isotope analyses of microbial mats suggest that glacial lake outburst floods have occurred periodically over the Holocene and help explain the complex patterns of carbon cycling and sequestration observed in the lake. Our findings suggest that periodic flooding events may provide biological stimuli to other carbon dioxide-depleted Antarctic ecosystems and perhaps even icy lakes on early Mars.
Injectable hydrogel mediated delivery of gene-engineered adipose-derived stem cells for enhanced osteoarthritis treatment
Authors: Yu Wei , Hu Bin , Boakye-Yiadom Kofi Oti , Ho William , Chen Qijing , Xu Xiaoyang , Zhang Xue-Qing
Published: October 2021

The intra-articular injection of the ECM-mimicking hydrogel loaded with gene-engineered ADSCs that overexpress TGF-β1 shows a synergistic effect on improving the therapeutic outcomes of OA.
Silicon nanosheets derived from silicate minerals: controllable synthesis and energy storage application
Authors: He Yuanqing , Zhang Zihan , Chen Gen , Zhang Ying , Liu Xiaohe , Ma Renzhi
Published: October 2021

Progress in developing advanced Si nanosheets from silicate minerals for energy storage is reviewed.
Accurately manipulating hierarchical flower-like Fe2P@CoP@nitrogen-doped carbon spheres as an efficient carrier material of Pt-based catalyst
Authors: Xie Fei , Gan Mengyu , Ma Li
Published: October 2021

Hierarchical flower-like Fe2P@CoP@NDC and Pt/Fe2P@CoP@NDC porous spheres were successfully synthesized by precisely manipulating the conditions, and the as-obtained Pt/Fe2P@CoP@NDC catalyst possesses superior catalytic activity and stability towards the MOR.
One-dimensional van der Waals stacked p-type crystal Ta2Pt3Se8 for nanoscale electronics
Authors: Jeong Byung Joo , Choi Kyung Hwan , Jeon Jiho , Yoon Sang Ok , Chung You Kyoung , Sung Dongchul , Chae Sudong , Oh Seungbae , Kim Bum Jun , Lee Sang Hoon , Woo Chaeheon , Kim Tae Yeong , Ahn Jungyoon , Huh Joonsuk , Lee Jae-Hyun , Yu Hak Ki , Choi Jae-Young
Published: October 2021

Synthesis and electrical properties of 1D van der Waals Ta2Pt3Se8 as an emerging p-type semiconductor showing the hole mobility and Ion/Ioff ratio being 5 cm2 V−1 s−1 and >104, respectively.
High-performance bifacial semitransparent organic photovoltaics featuring a decently transparent TeO2/Ag electrode
Authors: Liu Xin , Zhao Yunsen , Yu Jiangsheng , Zhu Rihong
Published: October 2021

The TeO2 layer endowed bifacial semitransparent organic photovoltaics (ST-OPVs) with improved values of average visible transmittance (AVT), light utilization efficiency (LUE), bifaciality factor (BF) and color-rendering index (CRI).
Synthesis of the C19–C30 bis-THF fragment of iriomoteolide-13a via stepwise SN2 cyclization and intramolecular syn-oxypalladation
Authors: Zhao Hui , Gao Kai , Ma Haichen , Yip Tsz Chun , Dai Wei-Min
Published: October 2021

The bis-THF subunit of iriomoteolide-13a was stereoselectively constructed from the non-protected ene triol via syn-oxypalladation with excellent atom efficiency.
Recent advances in the direct transformation of propargylic alcohols to allenes
Authors: Du Sha , Zhou An-Xi , Yang Ruchun , Song Xian-Rong , Xiao Qiang
Published: October 2021

This review summaries a view of the advances in the direct transformation of propargylic alcohols to functionalized allenes.
A transition-metal-free, base-promoted annulation/ring-cleavage/ring-reconstruction cascade reaction: a facile access to N-protection free indole-indenones
Authors: Luo Na , Sun Zhen-Wei , Xu Xing-Xin , Hu Xiao-Qiang , Jia Feng-Cheng
Published: October 2021

An unprecedented base-promoted reaction of 2-halogenated arylglyoxals with 2-oxindoles is accomplished under metal-free conditions, furnishing a wide range of biologically important (NH)-indeno[2,1-b]indol-6(5H)-ones in useful to good yields.
Nickel-catalyzed cascade carbonylative synthesis of N-benzoyl indoles from 2-nitroalkynes and aryl iodides
Authors: Yao Lingyun , Ying Jun , Wu Xiao-Feng
Published: October 2021

A nickel-catalyzed carbonylative cyclization of 2-nitroalkynes and aryl iodides has been developed for the expedite construction of N-benzoyl indole scaffolds.
Multifunctional P-ligand-controlled “silicon-centered” selectivity in Rh/Cu-catalyzed Si–C bond cleavage of silacyclobutanes
Authors: Wang Xu , Huang Shuai-Shuai , Zhang Feng-Jiao , Xie Jia-Le , Li Zhao , Xu Zheng , Ye Fei , Xu Li-Wen
Published: October 2021

A newly developed Ar-BINMOL-Phos-controlled Rh/Cu-catalyzed (4+2) annulation of silacylcobutanes with arylpropiolate-type internal alkynes gave silicon-stereogenic 1-sila-2-cyclohexene derivatives with good ee and excellent chemoselectivity.
Luminescent monomeric and dimeric Ru(ii) acyclic carbene complexes as selective sensors for NH3/amine vapor and humidity
Authors: Han Jingqi , Cheng Shun-Cheung , Yiu Shek-Man , Tse Man-Kit , Ko Chi-Chiu
Published: October 2021

A new class of selective ammonia/amine vapor and humidity sensors have been developed from the luminescent bis(bipyridyl) Ru(ii) pyridyl acyclic carbene complexes with environmentally-sensitive dimerization equilibrium.
Structural study and evaluation of thermoelectric properties of single-phase isocubanite (CuFe2S3) synthesized via an ultra-fast efficient microwave radiation technique
Authors: Barbier Tristan , Srinivasan Bhuvanesh , Berthebaud David , Eyert Volker , Frésard Raymond , Macaigne Rodolphe , Marinel Sylvain , Lebedev Oleg I. , Guilmeau Emmanuel , Maignan Antoine
Published: October 2021

A novel and faster synthesis method, which combines ball milling, and microwave radiation, has been successfully adopted to produce CuFe2S3 isocubanite with thermoelectric properties comparable to that prepared by a conventional melt-processing route.
How sustainable is CO2 conversion to ethanol? – A life cycle assessment of a new electrocatalytic carbon utilisation process
Authors: Rojas Sánchez Daniel , Khalilpour Kaveh , Hoadley Andrew F. A.
Published: October 2021

This life cycle assessment shows that producing ethanol by the electrochemical conversion of CO2 is a promising carbon capture and utilisation pathway that bears potential environmental benefits compared to the traditional fermentation of crops.
Synthesis design of a 3D interfacial structure for highly reversible lithium deposition
Authors: Wang Shuwei , Zhang Lihan , Cai Xingke , Chu Tianzhi , Liu Dongqing , Han Cuiping , Qin Xianying , Kang Feiyu , Li Baohua
Published: October 2021

A cost-effective and sustainable electro-spraying method to construct a synergistic architecture as a multifunctional host for high-performance LMAs.
Moisture-indicating cellulose aerogels for multiple atmospheric water harvesting cycles driven by solar energy
Authors: Sun Jiaming , An Bang , Zhang Kun , Xu Mingcong , Wu Zhenwei , Ma Chunhui , Li Wei , Liu Shouxin
Published: October 2021

A hygroscopic cellulose aerogel can visually indicate the sorption/desorption process achieving a flexible response to changes in RH and solar radiation. Fast sorption kinetics make it achieve multiple water production cycles during one sunny day.
Investigation on the nonlinear optical properties of V2C MXene at 1.9 μm
Authors: Lee Jinho , Kwon Suh-Young , Lee Ju Han
Published: October 2021

The nonlinear optical properties of a vanadium-based MXene, V2C, were investigated at 1.9 μm wavelength both theoretically and experimentally.
Effect of vacuum annealing on the properties of one step thermally evaporated Sb2S3thin films for photovoltaic applications
Authors: Gnenna Emna , Khemiri Naoufel , Kong Minghua , Isabel Alonso Maria , Kanzari Mounir
Published: October 2021

Sb2S3films were deposited on unheated glass substrates by thermal evaporation and annealed under vacuum atmosphere for 2 hours at different temperatures. Different characterization techniques were used to better understand the behavior of the Sb2S3material. XRD and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the formation of pure Sb2S3powder with orthorhombic lattices. The effect of vacuum annealing on the properties of the films was studied. XRD analysis revealed that as-deposited and annealed films at 150 °C were amorphous in nature whereas those annealed atT≥ 200 °C were polycrystalline. The crystallite size of the films showed a decrease from 75.8 to 62.9 nm with the increase of the annealing temperature from 200 to 250 °C. The Raman showed several peaks corresponding to the stibnite Sb2S3phase. The surface morphology of the films was examined by AFM. The roughness decreases slightly as the transformation from the amorphous to the crystalline phase occurs. The chemical compositions of Sb2S3films were analyzed by EDS, revealing that all films were Sb-rich. The optical parameters were estimated from the transmittance and reflectance spectra recorded by UV-Vis spectroscopy. A reduction in the band gap energy from 2.12 to 1.70 eV with the increase of annealing temperature was also found.
Zero-trans fats designed by enzyme-catalyzed interesterification of rice bran oil and fully hydrogenated rice bran oil
Authors: Callejas Campioni Nicolás , Suescun Pereyra Leopoldo , Badan Ribeiro Ana Paula , Jachmanián Alpuy Iván
Published: October 2021

Zero-trans edible fats attractive to be used for shortenings or margarines were designed solely from rice bran oil (RBO). For this purpose, RBO was fully hydrogenated, blended with the original oil at different percentages, and finally, blends were interesterified by an enzyme-catalyzed process. The interesterification process reduced the concentration of trisaturated and triunsaturated triglycerides and increased the concentration of medium saturation degree molecules, thus increasing their compatibility and causing the moderation of the melting point, as compared with blends. Conversely to blends, products showed a high tendency to crystallize under the β’ polymorph, which is the preferred one for products destined for many edible applications. Results demonstrated that the proper combination of different technologies (total hydrogenation, blending and interesterification) is a versatile and useful technology for designing zero-trans fats from RBO, attractive for the confection of shortenings or margarines for different applications depending on the proportion of each component in the starting blend. This strategy offers an attractive alternative for the diversification of RBO utilization, a valuable vegetable oil still underexploited, providing attractive fats useful for structuring different type of foods.
Dazugehören und teilhaben – Gruppenkonzept ZEPS
Authors: Geier Belinda , Gappmayer Georg , Kohlruss Kathrin , Kern Nadine
Published: October 2021

Das ergotherapeutische Interventionskonzept „Zugehörigkeit erleben, Perspektiven schaffen“ (ZEPS) setzt an zwei Grundvoraussetzungen für soziale Teilhabe an: dem Gefühl von Zugehörigkeit und dem Schaffen von Perspektiven. ZEPS richtet sich damit an psychisch erkrankte Menschen und an alle Personen, die eine Einschränkung in ihrer sozialen Teilhabe erleben.
Severe Acquired Primary Hypothyroidism in Children and its Influence
on Growth: A Retrospective Analysis of 43 Cases
Authors: Becker Marianne , Blankenstein Oliver , Lankes Erwin , Schnabel Dirk , Krude Heiko
Published: October 2021

Introduction Severe acquired hypothyroidism in childhood is a rare
condition, mostly caused by autoimmune thyroiditis. Scarce and inconsistent data
based on small patient numbers exist concerning its impact on growth in
height.

Methods Patient files at a single centre university hospital over 8 years
were retrospectively reviewed. We identified 43 patients (mean age 10.6 years,
3.3–15.25, 59% prepubertal, 88% females) in a cohort of
children older than 3 years with an initial TSH>30 mIU/l and
reduced T4 or fT4; congenital and drug-induced hypothyroidism were excluded.

Results All patients had signs of autoimmune thyroiditis (93%
positive autoantibodies, 95% typical ultrasonography, 63%
goiter). Median TSH was 100 mIU/l [0.3–4 mIU/l]), median
fT4 3.55 pg/ml [8–19 pg/ml], median T4
2.85 µg/dl
[5.3–11 µg/dl]. Presenting symptoms included
goiter (26%), tiredness (23%), weight gain (19%), and
growth retardation (19%). The diagnosis was made incidentally in
26% patients. In 75% growth was retarded (median height standard
deviation score (SDS)-0.55), in 17% height SDS was<-2 at
diagnosis. Midparental height SDS at diagnosis correlated significantly with T4
and fT4 (r=0.77, p=0.0012 and r=0.53, p=0.021
respectively). Catch-up growth under T4 substitution was significantly greater
in prepubertal than in pubertal children (p 0.049).

Conclusion This so far largest pediatric cohort with severe acquired
hypothyroidism confirms a serious impact on growth which, however in most cases,
showed a certain catch-up growth after adequate L-thyroxine therapy. The
pubertal state seems to be important for catch-up growth. A significant number
of patients were not diagnosed clinically, although affected by severe
hypothyroidism.
Strukturierte Implementierung und modulares inhouse Training als
zentrale Erfolgsfaktoren in der robotisch assistierten Chirurgie – Evaluation am
Beispiel der kolorektalen Chirurgie
Authors: Rückbeil Oskar , Sebestyen Uwe , Schlick Tilman , Krüger Colin M.
Published: October 2021

Hintergrund Darstellung der Anwendbarkeit einer strukturierten
Implementierung der robotisch assistierten Chirurgie (RAS) und Evaluation einer
modularen Trainingsoperation in der Implementierungsphase im
Inhouse-Mentoring.

Methoden Umsetzung eines selbstdefinierten PDCA-Implementierungszyklus
(PDCA: Plan–Do–Check–Act) begleitet durch die prospektive Datenerhebung von
Patientencharakteristika, OP-Zeiten, Komplikationen, Konversionsraten und
postoperativen Liegezeiten einer zeitlich und inhaltlich modular definierten
Trainingsoperation (robotisch assistierte Rektosigmoidresektion – RARSR).

Ergebnisse Evaluation von 100 konsekutiven Operationen verteilt auf 3
Trainees und einen Inhouse-Mentor als interne Kontrollgruppe. Darstellung einer
qualitativ sicheren und erfolgreichen Implementierung mit kurzer Lernkurve der
Trainingsoperation bei balancierten Patientencharakteristika.

Schlussfolgerung Eine strukturierte Implementierung ermöglicht die sichere
Einführung der RAS in der Viszeralchirurgie. Modulare Trainingsoperationen
können dabei die Adoption der RAS durch die Anwender unter Alltagsbedingungen
erleichtern. Erstmalig demonstrieren wir dies im Inhouse-Mentoring-Ansatz.
Interventionelle und chirurgische Therapie non-kolorektaler Lebermetastasen
Authors: Kniepeiss Daniela , Talakić Emina , Schemmer Peter
Published: October 2021

In der Vergangenheit wurden Resektionen oder Transplantationen wegen non-kolorektaler Lebermetastasen durch die Abwägung von geringem Überlebensvorteil und Komplikationsrate eher zurückhaltend indiziert. Mittlerweile zählt die Leberchirurgie jedoch zu den komplikationsarmen Standardverfahren in der Tumortherapie, die unter Einbettung in multimodale Therapiekonzepte zu einer deutlichen Steigerung des Patientenüberlebens führen.
Ru-Catalyzed Selective C–H Functionalization of Pyridotriazoles with Acrylates
Authors: Adimurthy Subbarayappa , Joshi Abhisek , Semwal Rashmi
Published: October 2021

Ruthenium-catalyzed efficient and selective C–H alkenylation of pyridotriazoles with acrylates is described. The combination of metals (Ru and Fe) plays a crucial role in achieving quantitative yields of the desired products. The reaction is proposed to involve the formation of a ruthenium cyclometalated intermediate.
National Outcomes of Elective Hybrid Arch Debranching with Endograft Exclusion versus Total Arch Replacement Procedures: Analysis of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database
Authors: Wallen Tyler , Carter Timothy , Habertheuer Andreas , Badhwar Vinay , Jacobs Jeffrey P. , Yerokun Babatunde , Wallace Amelia , Milewski Karianna , Szeto Wilson Y. , Bavaria Joseph E. , Vallabhajosyula Prashanth
Published: October 2021

Objective Hybrid arch procedures (arch vessel debranching with thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair [TEVAR] coverage of arch pathology) have been presented as an alternative to total arch replacement (TAR). But multicenter-based analyses of these two procedures are needed to benchmark the field and establish areas of improvement.

Methods The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) Adult Cardiac Surgery Database from July 2014 to December 2015 was queried for elective TAR and hybrid arch procedures. Demographics and operative characteristics were compared and stepwise variable selection was used to create a risk-set used for adjustment of all multivariable models.

Results A total of 1,011 patients met inclusion criteria, 884 underwent TAR, and 127 had hybrid arch procedures. TAR patients were younger (mean age: 62.7 ± 13.3 vs. 66.7 ± 11.9 years; p = 0.001) and had less peripheral vascular disease (34.0 vs. 49.6%; p < 0.001) and preoperative dialysis (1.7 vs. 4.7%; p = 0.026), but similar history of stroke (p = 0.91)/cerebrovascular disease (p = 0.52). TAR patients had more concomitant procedures (60 vs. 34.6%; p < 0.0001). TAR patients had lower mortality (6.7 vs. 12.6%; p = 0.02), stroke (6.9 vs. 15%; p = 0.002), paralysis (1.8 vs. 7.1%; p = 0.002), renal failure (4.6 vs. 8.7%; p = 0.045), and STS morbidity (34.2 vs. 42.5%; p = 0.067). Composite mortality, stroke, and paralysis were significantly lower with TAR (11.5 vs. 25.2%; p = 0.0001). After risk adjustment, analysis showed hybrid arch procedures imparted an increased odds of mortality (odds ratio [OR] = 1.91, p = 0.046), stroke (OR = 2.3, p = 0.005), and composite endpoint of stroke or mortality (OR = 2.31, p = 0.0002).

Conclusion TAR remains the gold standard for elective aortic arch pathologies. Despite risk adjustment, hybrid arch procedures were associated with increased risk of mortality and stroke, advocating for careful adoption of these strategies.
Echocardiographic Evaluation of the Thoracic Aorta: Tips and Pitfalls
Authors: Upadhyaya Krishna , Ugonabo Ifeoma , Satam Keyuree , Hull Sarah C.
Published: October 2021

By convention, the ascending aorta is measured by echo from leading edge to leading edge. “Leading edge” connotes the edge of the aortic wall that is closest to the probe (at the top of the inverted “V” of the ultrasound image). By transthoracic echo (TTE), the leading edges are the outer anterior wall and inner posterior wall. By transesophageal echo (TEE), the leading edges are the outer posterior wall and inner anterior wall. Aortic measurements should be taken (by convention) in diastole (when the aorta is moving least). Simple TTE is 70 to 85% sensitive in diagnosing ascending aortic dissection. TEE sensitivity approaches 100%, though the tracheal carina imposes a blind spot on TEE, impeding visualization of distal ascending aorta and proximal aortic arch. While computed tomography angiography may be superior for defining full anatomic extent of aortic dissection, echocardiography is superior in assessing functional consequences such as mechanism and severity of aortic regurgitation, evidence of myocardial ischemia when complicated by coronary dissection, or evidence of tamponade physiology when pericardial effusion is present. Reverberation artifact can mimic a dissection flap. A true flap moves independently of the outer aortic wall which can be confirmed by M-mode. Color flow respects a true flap but does not respect a reverberation artifact. Assessment for bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) morphology should be done in systole, not diastole. In diastole, when the valve is closed, the raphé can make a bicuspid valve appear trileaflet. Doming in the parasternal long axis (PLAX) view and an eccentric closure line on PLAX M-mode should also raise suspicion for BAV.
Metal-based nanoparticles for combating antibiotic resistance
Authors: Altun Esra , Aydogdu Mehmet Onur , Chung Etelka , Ren Guogang , Homer-Vanniasinkam Shervanthi , Edirisinghe Mohan
Published: October 2021

The resistance to antibiotics in combating bacteria is a serious worldwide problem. The search for new approaches to address antibacterial resistance is therefore of crucial importance and seeking alternatives for the treatment and control of bacterial diseases associated with resistant strains, which is in need of urgent action. There is an ongoing interest in metal-based nanoparticles (MBNPs) and their usage synergy with antibiotics due to their unique properties, such as overcoming bacterial resistance, reducing acute toxicity compared to their sizes, and allowing dosage reduction of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Combining MBNPs and antibiotics not only enhances the antibacterial effect but also allows the inhibition of biofilm production. Furthermore, MBNPs and antibiotics incorporated in polymeric biomaterial matrix have been widely studied to improve their efficiency and devoid the resistance. However, these studies need to be combined in a literature review. Polymeric biomaterials offer high mechanical stability with improved biocompatibility. Moreover, their use makes a single dose of administration of the final product with extended antibiotic half-life possible while slowly releasing their reservoir, which is an advantage in continuously combating resistance. This review focuses on different promising biomedical strategies for enhancing the bactericidal efficacy of antibiotics by the synergistic use of MBNPs, antibiotics, and polymeric biomaterials together to combat the resistance of different bacterial strains. In addition, it is prospected to guide opportunities for new research for future biomedical applications.
Concepts and the Foundations of Physics
Authors: Singh Anirudh
Published: October 2021

This timely book demonstrates how analyzing the conceptual basis of our physical reasoning can lead to new and far-reaching insights into the issues that confront today's physics and cosmology communities. It addresses the need for a new conceptual framework that combines our ideas of physics with aspects of history and measurement and provides a basis for further analysis. It traces the developments in physics over the past three decades since the merger of the relativistic phenomenologies of Einstein with the fundamental concepts of particle physics.

Other key discussions:Examine popular misrepresentations of physical concepts, including the notional existence of Maxwell's Demon.Establish the role of the observer in determining physical reality.Propose a relationship between the nature of physical laws and the theory of the universe.Introduce a new model of physical reality that can assist scientists and thinkers with a partial resolution of conceptual dilemmas.

Concepts and the Foundations of Physics is an essential read for physicists, cosmologists, and philosophy of science enthusiasts interested in a historical discussion of the metaphysical foundations of modern physics.
Introduction
Authors: Singh Anirudh
Published: October 2021

The aim of this book is to demonstrate how a critical analysis of the conceptual basis of our understanding of the physical world can lend new and far-reaching insights into issues confronting the physics/cosmology communities today. This introductory chapter starts by providing a motivation for carrying out such analyses. It then demonstrates their need in the elaboration of the nature of physical theories and goes on to discuss some of the analytical techniques used by Einstein in formulating his General Principle of Relativity. The chapter ends by providing an overview of the contents of the remainder of the book.
The Foundations of Physics
Authors: Singh Anirudh
Published: October 2021

This chapter critically examines the criteria that the discipline of physics must satisfy to be able to explain the behavior of the physical world. These criteria may be divided into the primary, secondary, and fundamental requirements of physics. The primary requirements include the need for physics to explain the physical world at all scales and time, to acknowledge that physics describes the real world and is dependent on observers for its measurement and interpretation.

The indeterminacy inherent in the quantum mechanical framework is examined in this chapter, and it is concluded that this does not in any way affect the law of causality that forms a basic tenet of classical physics.

All requirements of physics are subject to the fundamental requirement of physics, which states that the laws of physics are determined exclusively by the total content of the universe.
The Bottom-Up Approach toward Artificial Optical Magnetism in Metastructures
Authors: Aradian Ashod , Barois Philippe , Mondain-Monval Olivier , Ponsinet Virginie , Baron Alexandre
Published: October 2021

The generation of artificial optical magnetism (AOM) in engineered composites has been the major concept that led to the emergence of the field of metamaterials at the turn of the millennium. Indeed, the proven possibility to manipulate the magnetic permeability of materials at microwave frequencies induced a considerable excitement in the scientific community, as it opened the way to the design of unprecedented tools and devices for the control of light propagation. Extensions to higher frequencies of IR and visible light were soon proposed and tested by downsizing the artificial structures. The fabrication of negative index materials, optical cloaks, and hyperlenses seemed within reach. Two decades later, and after considerable research efforts, the applications of AOM are still scarce and the concept seems to face a number of fundamental physical limits. We review in this chapter the state of the art of the bottom-up approach whereby nanochemistry and colloidal physics are used to engineer hybrid metastructures exhibiting AOM in visible light or near IR.
Detection of spontaneous seizures in EEGs in multiple experimental mouse models of epilepsy
Authors: Wei Lan , Boutouil Halima , R Gerbatin Rogério , Mamad Omar , Heiland Mona , Reschke Cristina R , Del Gallo Federico , F Fabene Paolo , Henshall David C , Lowery Madeleine , Morris Gareth , Mooney Catherine
Published: October 2021

Objective. Electroencephalography (EEG) is a key tool for non-invasive recording of brain activity and the diagnosis of epilepsy. EEG monitoring is also widely employed in rodent models to track epilepsy development and evaluate experimental therapies and interventions. Whereas automated seizure detection algorithms have been developed for clinical EEG, preclinical versions face challenges of inter-model differences and lack of EEG standardization, leaving researchers relying on time-consuming visual annotation of signals. Approach. In this study, a machine learning-based seizure detection approach, ‘Epi-AI’, which can semi-automate EEG analysis in multiple mouse models of epilepsy was developed. Twenty-six mice with a total EEG recording duration of 6451 h were used to develop and test the Epi-AI approach. EEG recordings were obtained from two mouse models of kainic acid-induced epilepsy (Models I and III), a genetic model of Dravet syndrome (Model II) and a pilocarpine mouse model of epilepsy (Model IV). The Epi-AI algorithm was compared against two threshold-based approaches for seizure detection, a local Teager-Kaiser energy operator (TKEO) approach and a global Teager-Kaiser energy operator-discrete wavelet transform (TKEO-DWT) combination approach. Main results. Epi-AI demonstrated a superior sensitivity, 91.4%–98.8%, and specificity, 93.1%–98.8%, in Models I–III, to both of the threshold-based approaches which performed well on individual mouse models but did not generalise well across models. The performance of the TKEO approach in Models I–III ranged from 66.9%–91.3% sensitivity and 60.8%–97.5% specificity to detect spontaneous seizures when compared with expert annotations. The sensitivity and specificity of the TKEO-DWT approach were marginally better than the TKEO approach in Models I–III at 73.2%–80.1% and 75.8%–98.1%, respectively. When tested on EEG from Model IV which was not used in developing the Epi-AI approach, Epi-AI was able to identify seizures with 76.3% sensitivity and 98.1% specificity. Significance. Epi-AI has the potential to provide fast, objective and reproducible semi-automated analysis of multiple types of seizure in long-duration EEG recordings in rodents.
Animal legacies lost and found in river ecosystems
Authors: Frauendorf Therese C , Subalusky Amanda L , Dutton Christopher L , Hamilton Stephen K , Masese Frank O , Rosi Emma J , Singer Gabriel A , Post David M
Published: October 2021

Animals can impact freshwater ecosystem structure and function in ways that persist well beyond the animal’s active presence. These legacy effects can last for months, even decades, and often increase spatial and temporal heterogeneity within a system. Herein, we review examples of structural, biogeochemical, and trophic legacies from animals in stream and river ecosystems with a focus on large vertebrates. We examine how the decline or disappearance of many native animal populations has led to the loss of their legacy effects. We also demonstrate how anthropogenically altered animal populations, such as livestock and invasive species, provide new legacy effects that may partially replace lost animal legacies. However, these new effects often have important functional differences, including stronger, more widespread and homogenizing effects. Understanding the influence of animal legacy effects is particularly important as native animal populations continue to decline and disappear from many ecosystems, because they illustrate the long-term and often unanticipated consequences of biodiversity loss. We encourage the conservation and restoration of native species to ensure that both animal populations and their legacy effects continue to support the structure and function of river ecosystems.
The Effect of Service Quality and Service Value on Suroboyo Bus Passenger Satisfaction
Authors: Setiawan Rudy
Published: October 2021

It is important for the public transit operator to understand the effect of service quality and service value on passenger satisfaction, to maintain passengers loyalty and to attract more passengers. This study analyzed the effect of service quality and service value on Suroboyo Bus passengers satisfaction. Data were collected from a random sample of 300 Suroboyo Bus passenger and was analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling. Results show that service quality has significant positive effects on the service value, and both the service quality and the service value have significant positive effects on the passenger satisfaction. The results as well indicate that service quality only explains up to 4.5% variance of service value, while service quality and service value explains up to 48.8% variance of passenger satisfaction. Additionally, Suroboyo Bus passenger satisfaction more affected by service value, than by service quality.
Re-design Shared Room Based on Behavior Architecture Approach (Case Study: Male Student Dormitory, Institut Teknologi Sumatra)
Authors: Kustiani  , Khidmat Rendy Perdana
Published: October 2021

A shared room as a public facility in a dormitory is a particular facility that supports student learning activities. The learning process carried out together can increase student creativity and higher productivity. It shows from the learning ethos of students who have the principle of group learning. Of course, with this habit, facilities are needed to accommodate activities with a large enough capacity. An attractive space design can influence a person’s psychology to learn and interact. This study aims to improve the shared space design quality to make it more attractive for students’ learning activities and social interactions. The behavior architectural design approach is used based on the questionnaire results, which states that students have not maximally used the shared space. The aspect of behavior variables used in this research methodology is interaction. Interaction is the researcher’s primary reference to answer the effectiveness of using shared space as a public space. The result shows that the standard room can be maximized as a space for activities that support the learning process and socialize for students. This finding can be a reference to improve the design consideration for future student dormitory design, especially for shared room design in the dormitory.
Wettability Properties of Heat-Treated Oil Palm Trunk Under Various Heating Times
Authors: Murda Rio Ardiansyah , Maulana Sena , Mangurai Silvia Uthari Nuzaverra Mayang , Augustina Sarah , Bindar Yazid
Published: October 2021

Oil palm trunk has become one of the waste that could damage the environment. Efforts that could be made to minimize the impact oil palm trunk’s existence were to turn the oil palm trunk into composite products. A composite product that could be made from palm oil trunks was blockboard. Oil palm trunk could be used as cores on block boards. Oil palm stems as raw material still have weaknesses. This weakness was the low dimensional stability due to hygroscopic properties. The treatment that could be done to increase dimensional stability while improving the adhesive quality was heat treatment. In this study, heat treatment of 140 °C and 160 °C for 1, 2, and 3 hours was carried out. The obtained results were 116.10°, 128.44°, and 133.52° for 1, 2, and 3 hours of treatment sequentially. The L* value in the heat-treated OPT tended to decrease, while the a* and b* values tended to increase compared to the control. The brightness level (L*) of the heat-treated OPT was more affected by temperature than the heat treatment time. Meanwhile, the a* and b* values were almost identical between treatments but differed from the controls. The total color change (?E) of the heat-treated OPT was not too large between treatments (moderate dark orange), but differed from the control (mostly desaturated dark orange).
Wettability of Dendrocalmus asper under Various Heating Time during Composites Making Process
Authors: Baiti Risa Nurin , Maulana Sena , Mangurai Silvia Uthari Nuzaverra Mayang , Murda Rio Ardiansyah , Bindar Yazid
Published: October 2021

Bamboos are often used due to their abundance, fast growth rate, cheap price, ductility, and formability in the sector of transportation, musical instrument, cooking ware, etc. For construction purposes, Dendrocalamus asper, (locally known as “Bambu betung”), is used as bamboo composites. The properties of bamboo are highly improved by using phenolic resins (phenol-formaldehyde) as an adhesive in bamboo composites. Bamboo is stronger and more susceptible to any liquid. The liquid is the most common enemy to plant-based structure due to the softening effect. Thus, the wettability of bamboo is an important matter as it indicates the ability of a liquid to spread and penetrate on the surface. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of various heating times to wettability properties of heat-treated D. asper strands during the bamboo-composite making process. Before testing, the bamboo was cut, cleaned, and sand-grinded. The bamboo strands were heated at 140°C for 1, 2, and 3 hours. Then, the surface of bamboo was evaluated by measuring the contact angle based on the sessile drop method. The constant contact angle was obtained by calculating the regression formula between time (t) and contact angle (θ). The wettability was indicated by the value of K. The color of heat-treated bamboo strands was measured by portable color difference meter model CDX 105 and characterized by CIE Lab. The results showed that the longer the holding time, the surface became more hydrophobic, showed by a highercontact angle. Longer heating gives more time to the resin to spread more evenly into the pores of bamboo so that the hydrophobicity of bamboo composites is increased. The lightness value (L*) of heat-treated bamboo strands tended to decrease with increasing temperature and time of heat treatment. To conclude, for further making the process of bamboo composites using D. asper, we recommend curing the composites for 3 hours.
Efficacy of entomophatogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Cordyceps sp against Crocidolomia pavonana (FABR.) Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) as possible pest management strategy on pepper multi-cropping plantation
Authors: Permana Agus Dana , Marlinda Sally , Kinasih Ida , Putra Ramadhani Eka
Published: October 2021

Black and white pepper have been considered as the most important perennial crops in some regions of Indonesia yet it took about 3-5 years before the plant start producing. One of the possible approaches to maintain the income of the farmer in the perennial plantation is multi-cropping with high-value annual crops, such as vegetables. However, many pests of vegetables already showed resistance to the common synthetic pesticide applied on the black pepper plant. Thus, it is necessary to apply another strategy for pest control, by applying entomopathogenic fungi. In this study, bioassays and field efficacy of two local isolates of entomopathogenic fungi (Beauveria bassiana and Cordyceps sp.) against one of the most insecticide-resistant pests, larvae of Crocidolomia pavonana (Fabr.) was conducted. In this study, exposure to 1 x 104 conidia mL−1 to 1 x 107 conidia mL−1 resulted in mean larval mortalities from 23.33 to 100% in two days. The probit analysis showed that the LC50 of B. bassiana was estimated at 4.26 x 104 conidia mL−1 which significantly more toxic than Cordyceps sp. (1.57 x 105 conidia mL−1) although the lethal time was similar. From the field tests, cabbage was sprayed with suspension contained 107 conidia mL−1. Means percent of mortality for all treatments was more than 75% and significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the control (tween 80). Conidia of Cordyceps sp. in palm oil cooking oil offered the most promising result against the C. pavonana.