bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plasmid profiling and comparison of the plasmid profiles with virulence of Indian Salmonella Typhimurium strains of varied origin
Authors: G SUMITHRA T , CHATURVEDI V K , GUPTA P K , SIJU S J , RAI A K , SUNITA S C , PATEL C L
Published: December 2023

Among 2,668 Salmonella enterica serovars Salmonella Typhimurium is the most common serovar and discrimination of isolates within this serovar is necessary for the effective epidemiological surveillance and control. Plasmid profiling is an efficient tool for discrimination of bacterial isolates. Hence, 22 strains of S. Typhimurium isolated from different parts of India were analyzed by plasmid profiling to check its differentiation power and to correlate the results with virulence. Nine different sized bands were detected after plasmid isolation with 90.0 kb band shared by most isolates. At least one plasmid was present in all isolates. Based on plasmid profiles 22 isolates were classified into 10 groups with a discriminating power of 0.89. The maximum dissimilarity distance was 0.96496 units. No remarkable correlation between plasmid pattern and host origin could be established pointing out the potential hazard of interspecies sharing. However, comparison of plasmid profiles with virulence revealed the absence of 90.0 kb plasmid in non virulent isolates. The present study thus confirmed the potential discriminatory power of plasmid profiling along with extraordinarily high incidence of plasmids among Indian S. Typhimurium isolates. Additionally it indicated the presence of 90 kb plasmid to be used as a virulence marker of this serovar.
In-vitro methane production potential and in-sacco degradability of conventional and non-conventional protein supplements
Authors: LAMBA J S , HUNDAL J S , WADHWA M , BAKSHI M P S
Published: December 2023

The study was taken up to assess the in-vitro methane and total volatile fatty acids (TVFAs) production; in sacco degradability and metabolizable energy (ME) availability from conventional and non conventional protein supplements like mustard cake (MC), deoiled mustard cake (DMC), deoiled groundnut cake (DGNC), soybean meal (SBM), cottonseed cake (CSC), corn gluten meal (CGM), maize oil cake (MOC), tomato pomace (TP) and spent brewers grains (SBG). The CP content varied from 18.2 (TP) to 66% (CGM). TP had the highest EE (11.0%) and lignin (13.5%) content. The net gas production (NGP) varied significantly from 80.7 ml/g DM (CSC) to 236.8 ml/g DM (MOC). The in-vitro methane production (expressed as ml/g DM) was the lowest from CSC and CGM, while the highest was observed from SBM and MOC. But when methane was expressed as per cent of NGP or as ml/g digestible OM at t1/2, the significantly lowest methane production was observed from TP followed by that from CSC, SBG MC and CGM. The protein supplement with high rumen undegradable protein (RUDP) content produced less methane as compared to the ones that had low UDP content. The TVFA production was the lowest from CSC, which may be due to the lowest degradability of OM and NDF. The digestion kinetic parameters for DM and CP revealed that the rate of degradation was significantly lowest in CGM and highest in DGNC (DM) and TP (CP). The effective degradability (ED) was lowest in CGM and highest was observed in SBM (DM) and DGNC (CP). The rumen UDP as per cent of total protein in CGM was significantly higher than all other protein supplements, it was followed by TP and was lowest in DGNC. It was concluded that the protein supplements with high rumen RUDP value like tomato pomace, cotton seed cake, spent brewer’s grains and corn gluten meal had low methane production potential.
6 ŞUBAT 2023 DEPREMİNDE TÜRKİYE'DE TWITTER'IN KULLANIMI
Authors: YILDIRIM Fehime Elem
Published: December 2023

Doğal afetler esnasında sosyal medya kullanımının afet yönetimi için sunduğu önemli fırsatlar bulunmaktadır. Doğal afetlerde sosyal medya kullanımının sağladığı olanakları araştıran çalışmalar sosyal medyanın afet durumlarında bilgi akışının sağlanması, iş birliği ve dayanışmanın gerçekleşmesi, duygusal destek sağlanması gibi konularda önemli fırsatlar sunduğunu tespit etmiştir. Türkiye’de 6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde yaşanan Kahramanmaraş depreminde Twitter oldukça aktif bir şekilde kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada 6 Şubat tarihli depremlerde Twitter’ın kriz iletişimindeki rolünü analiz etmek amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada afetin ilk 48 saatinde Twitter’ın nasıl kullanıldığı ve afetin gerçekleştiği ilk saatlerde Twitter’ın kullanımının nasıl farklılaştığı, hangi işlevleri yerine getirdiği sorularına yanıt aranmıştır. Bu doğrultuda Twitter’ın sunduğu “Trending Topic” listeleri ele alınmış, afetin ilk iki gününde saatlik listelerdeki etiketler ve sözcükler tematik analiz yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda Twitter’ın afetin ilk saatlerinden itibaren bir acil durum platformu işlevi gösterdiği ortaya konmuştur. Özellikle afetin ilk altı saatinde depremin etki alanını işaret eden yer bildirimleri öne çıkmış, “Acil Durum Çağrıları” temasına ilişkin sözcükler listelerde sıklıkla yer almıştır. İlk 24 saatte ise Twitter’daki paylaşımların daha çok “Yardım Çağrısı” ile “Eleştiri ve Tepki” temalarına ait olduğu, ikinci gün ise bu temaların yanında “İş birliği ve Dayanışma” temasına işaret eden sözcüklerin de listelerdeki yerinin belirginleştiği ortaya konmuştur. Listelerde öne çıkan “İş Birliği ve Dayanışma” teması altında yardım çağrıları ve ihtiyaçlara ilişkin bildirimlerin yanında afetzedelere yapılan yardımlara ilişkin geri bildirimlerin de yer aldığı saptanmıştır. Bu bulgu Twitter’ın afet durumlarında kanallar açtığını ve karşılıklı iletişime olanak sağladığını göstermektedir. Araştırma sonuçları afet yönetiminde sosyal medyanın kullanımının önemine ilişkin olarak sunulan kanıtlara katkı sağlamaktadır.
Application of the Adaptive Boosting Method to Increase the Accuracy of Classification of Type Two Diabetes Mellitus Patients Using the Decision Tree Algorithm
Authors: Hao Chieh Chiua  , Robbi Rahim  , Mahmud Mustapa  , Kamaruddin  , Akbar Hendra  , Asnimar  , Abigail Omita
Published: December 2023

One of the data mining processes that is often used in machine learning is the data classification process. A decision tree is a classification algorithm that has the advantage of being easy to visualize because of its simple structure. However, the decision tree algorithm is quite susceptible to incorrect classification calculations due to the presence of noise in the data or imbalance in the data, which can reduce the overall level of accuracy. Therefore, the decision tree algorithm should be combined with other methods that can increase the accuracy of classification performance. Machine Learning is used through an artificial intelligence approach to solve problems or carry out optimization. Adaptive Boosting is used to optimize classification calculations. This study aims to examine the performance of Adaptive Boosting in the process of classifying second-degree diabetes mellitus patients using the Decision Tree algorithm. Diabetes mellitus is known as a chronic condition of the human body, the cause of which is an increase in the body's blood sugar levels because the body is unable to produce insulin or is unable to utilize insulin effectively, which is usually referred to as hyperglycemia.. By using a 60:40 data split, the Decision Tree algorithm produces an accuracy value of 95.71%, while the Adaptive Boosting-based Decision Tree results reach a value of 98.99%.
MENTORATUL ÎN FORMAREA SPIRITUALĂ. SPECIFICITATE, IMPORTANȚĂ, CONFIGURĂRI ÎN CONTEMPORANEITATE
Authors: Cucoș Constantin
Published: December 2023

The preparation and training systems for assuming roles of a spiritual nature (artistic, religious), but not only, have assumed, throughout history, paideic foreshadowings that are completely different, more flexible, less formalized, more particularized and full of affective-subjective effervescence than those institutionalized, formalized at school or university level. Not that the latter were not also intended for an explicit vocational-spiritual training, but, at a given time and from certain points of view, the official educational offers were not able to face challenges regarding formation of special skills required by the practices in mind. In fact, in artistic or religious environments, these training formulas prefaced what happens now in what we generically call school, schooling, learning, but they continued to function simultaneously and supplement what education cannot do. In the text below, we propose to present specific elements of the mentoring relationship in spiritual formation and to emphasize the relevance and opportunity of promoting this paideic relationship.
PERSPECTIVE ALE CADRELOR DIDACTICE CU FUNCȚII DE CONDUCERE DIN ÎNVĂȚĂMÂNTUL PREȘCOLAR ASUPRA DESFĂȘURĂRII EDUCAȚIEI MORALE ÎN GRĂDINIȚE
Authors: Petcu-Nicola Nicoleta-Alina
Published: December 2023

In order to obtain information regarding the importance of carrying out moral education activities in kindergarten, of carrying out educational projects in this field, of approaching the curriculum for early education regarding the existence of elements of moral education or the need to introduce such a field, we interviewed eight kindergarten directors and two school inspectors for early education and religious discipline. Following the analysis and interpretation of the answers provided, it can be found that there is a great need to carry out moral education activities in kindergartens, all the executives interviewed consider that moral education is not given its rightful place, the first place, and in the curriculum for early education in force there are not enough examples of moral education activities. At the same time, the respondents provide examples of moral values that should be promoted among preschoolers, they support the importance of using the moral model within the activities and claim the urgent need to carry out educational projects at the national level, in the field of moral education. A fact highlighted by this interview is the need to regulate moral education in preschool education, by introducing this field in the curriculum, because at the moment the carrying out of this type of activities remains at the discretion of each individual educator.
ROLUL METODELOR DIDACTICE ÎN PREDAREA RELIGIEI, TRADIȚIONAL ȘI ONLINE
Authors: Bolocan Carmen-Maria , Lungu Pavel
Published: December 2023

In our study, The Role of the Didactic Methods in teaching Religion, Traditionally and Online, we wish to emphasize the importance and the impact that these didactic instruments have in the process of teaching, learning and assessment of Religion. The didactic means focus on the development of the educational process on a psychological and pedagogical level, so that the information transmitted and assimilated to become enriched with the help of the material forms, which are in agreement with the pedagogical function of the element, to connect the theory with the reality, to give life to the word on an imaginative level and to help the cognitive process on an intuitive and deductive level. This aspect impresses to the manner of use several operational features which refer to the level of efficiency and value given to teaching, which means that the didactic methods are not used only to be written in a didactic plan, to enrich the class environment or to just fill the surface of the dais.
CONCEPȚII SOCIAL-POLITICE ALE EVULUI MEDIU
Authors: Scheau Ioan
Published: December 2023

This paper presents the main socio-political conceptions of the Middle Ages: Augustine, Al-Farabi, Averroes, Thomas Aquinas, William Ockham.Augustine presents his view of history through the theory of two cities: one of the accursed multitude (Babylon) and one of the righteous (Jerusalem).Al-Farabi insists on the central role of the leader who must be to society what the heart is to the body. Averroes advocates reform of the state whose policy must be to pursue the public good.Thomas Aquinas considered the state the most important construction of human reason, and he advocated the constitutional state.William Ockham advocates for preserving the role of the papacy as religious leadership only, not political leadership, where monarchy is preferred.
SFÂNTA LITURGHIE – CALE ŞI ŞCOALĂ A DESĂVÂRŞIRII CREŞTINE
Authors: Trifa Gavril
Published: December 2023

The present work includes a synthesis in the light of the Christian-Orthodox teaching of the essential role of the Holy Liturgy in supporting religious-moral life at all ages. In the light of the texts of the Holy Scriptures and of the Holy Fathers, perfection is the essential goal of human life, the fulfillment of Christ's sacrifice on the Cross. Perfection is possible for every man, as an effort to assume the quality of son of God, for whom the Word became incarnate. The relevant texts were used to understand the importance of the Holy Liturgy and to highlight the way in which the Eucharist is a way and a school, the person's chance for self-discovery and permanent elevation towards the Father.
CE ESTE EPUIZAREA PARENTALĂ ȘI DE CE TREBUIE STUDIATĂ?
Authors: Runcan Patricia Luciana , Runcan Remus
Published: December 2023

Parental burnout (PB) has increasingly attracted the attention of social workers, family counsellors, epidemiologists, doctors, educators, psychiatrists, psychologists, and sociologists over the past 15 years. The reason is simple: if we can quit our job position because we are affected by career / job / occupational / professional burnout, we cannot resign as a parent. From a social work perspective, we are particularly interested in history and risk factors of PB, in the conceptualization of PB, in the consequences of PB, in gender differences in PB, in the assessment of the degree of PB, in the biological and cultural factors related to PB, in the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on PB, in the nature of PB, in the prevention of PB, in the relationship between PB and career / job / occupational / professional burnout, in the stages of PB and in the treatment of PB.
Physiotherapeutic intervention in autistic children with hypotonia: Approaches, benefits and therapeutic perspectives
Authors: Lane Ferreira Lemos dos Santos Cordeiro Jéssica , Thayane Aprigio Viana Teresa , Clênio Cavalcante dos Santos Clistenis , Barros Albuquerque Ianara
Published: December 2023

Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder that can be identified before the age of three. The main characteristics of behavior are repetitive and stereotyped, limitations in activities and interests, impairment in the development of verbal and non-verbal language and quantitative deficits in interaction and communication. The objective of this work is to describe a physiotherapeutic intervention in autistic children with hypotonia: approaches, benefits and therapeutic perspectives. It is characterized by a Systematic Literature Review. Physiotherapy intervention has been shown to provide substantial benefits for autistic children with hypotonia. This includes improvements in muscle strength, motor coordination, balance and posture. Furthermore, physiotherapy can contribute to improving respiratory function and mobility, facilitating children's participation in daily activities.
The analysis of financial crisis in 2008
Authors: She Haichuan , Lei Jie
Published: December 2023

The 2008 financial crisis brought huge losses to the global financial market. This article will analyze the financial crisis. This article first outlines the beginning and end of the financial crisis, and points out that the core factor is the outbreak of the subprime mortgage crisis. Afterwards, it will explain and analyze the core financial instruments, such as MBS, CDO, CDS, that appeared in this financial crisis. Then it analyzes the multi-faceted impact of the crisis on China and the United States. The coming examples illustrate the rescue plans of the United States. The U.S. plans are: US Federal Reserve Rate Cut and Emergency Stabilization Act of 2008, Mortgage Loan Adjustment Program and Quantitative easing and Rescue Financial Institutions. Finally, it is concluded that the cause of the financial crisis is the outbreak of the subprime mortgage crisis, which can also be understood as a large number of interests driving financial institutions to deceive the market. And the core of this crisis is credit bankruptcy.
Business sales driver: A look at promotional campaigns and commercial incentives
Authors: Terezinha Corrêa Thaís , Luiz Carrino Adauto
Published: December 2023

This work studies Promotional Campaigns and Commercial Incentives as drivers of sales in a food company in the interior of São Paulo. However, the present study raises the following question: How do food companies propagate their promotional and incentive campaigns for their employees, in search of increasing their sales and profitability? With this problematization, the general objective of this study is to verify some promotional and incentive campaigns used by food companies towards employees. To achieve the general objective, we have defined the specific objectives: Study theoretically about internal marketing campaigns and business incentives; observe how these campaigns are detrimental to their collaborators; understand which speeches are disseminated by such campaigns. As a methodological procedure, we undertook an exploratory study, regarding Campaigns and Commercial Incentives in a food company in such a way, we understand as a methodological procedure the use of observational research, with a focus on such campaigns, observing how these employees who belong to such company, receive this content and add this strategy to the respective organization. Ademias, we demonstrate the functionality of Promotional Campaigns and Sales Incentives in a food company, their functions and contributions to its marketing and commercial strategy, in addition to being able to understand what are the benefits that a company guarantees when working with this internal marketing strategy and incentive campaigns.
Dangerous goods export procedures
Authors: Pereira Coser Adriely , Cruz Coutinho Pamela , Almeida Santos João
Published: December 2023

This work aims to understand the process of exporting dangerouscargo, which tends to be somewhat cautious, as it is necessary tofollow rules and regulations, which are essential in this operation. The risk content of these segments is characterized as explosives, flammable liquids, oxidants, poisonous, corrosive and pollutants, as defined by law 10.233/01. One of the main entities that regulate theexport procedure is the IMDG (International Maritime DangerousGoods). That has all the means for conservation, packaging, labeling, documentation, last and all steps to the recipient, in relation to goods, being a standard that is prepared to deal withemergencies during transport and ensuring the safety of everyone .The study in question aims to obtain information about the exportprocess, highlighting its economic importance and the specificprocedures in the Brazilian market, which steps must be followed. The research will address the challenges involved in this process, in short, the detailed study of the steps and obstacles necessary in theexport of dangerous cargo.
Foreign trade and economic growth: An analysis of the impact of development
Authors: Cardoso de Almeida Elisângela , Facchini Eduardo , Ferreira Columbari Priscila
Published: December 2023

International trade plays a central role in the economic growth prospects of countries. The advantages of international trade are linked to the specialization in the production of goods and services in which a country has a comparative advantage, allowing for a more efficient allocation of resources and increased productivity. However, the impact of trade on the economy goes beyond theoretical benefits. Empirical studies have examined the impact of trade policies, such as trade liberalization, in developing economies. Many of these studies have emphasized the importance of each country's specific characteristics, such as income elasticity of imports and the institutional environment, in determining the effects of trade on economic growth. The Keynesian theory of international trade also emphasizes the relevance of effective demand and the balance of payments in long-term economic growth. It argues that government demand management policies play a crucial role in promoting economic growth, while balance of payments constraints can be significant obstacles. In summary, the study of the relationship between international trade and economic growth is multifaceted and complex, involving an analysis of classical and contemporary economic theories, as well as the implications of international trade policies and the institutional environment. This article aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of this fundamental interaction for economic development.
Emerging Trends & Techniques Related to Treatment in Patients with intra – Conal Cavernous Hemangioma of the Orbit(OCH)/orbital Cavernous Malformation (OCVM) and Treatment related Complications, A Systematic Review
Authors: Saniya Seher  , Shenel A.Khan  , Sonya Mounien  , Vivig Shantha Kumar  , Rasheek Nerella  , Basim  Shaman  , Dev Patel  , Jabez John  , Ranita Bodepudi  , Safeera Ahmed
Published: December 2023

Orbital Cavernous venous malformation (OCVM), formerly known as cavernous hemangioma of the orbit (OCH) is a frequent benign, slow-growing, non distensible venous malformation with ISSVA classification which classifies it into different types. This research has employed randomized controlled trials (RCTs), case reports, retrospective case studies, systematic reviews, and cohort studies to evaluate the treatment choices for OCVM and its consequences. The goal of this review is to analyze the comprehensive therapies used for OCVM. For our literature search, we looked at PubMed/MEDLINE, PubMed Central and Cochrane across six years (from 2016 to 2021). Using the Cochrane risk of bias quality assessment tool, the found studies underwent a quality check (modified Cochrane RoB 2). For the reporting of this systematic review, we adopted preferred reporting items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 criteria and included a total of 10 papers. The majority of research confirmed the accuracy of OCVM detection using MRI and CT. To evaluate the effects of the intervention on OCVM more precisely, more trials with a longer follow-up time are needed. This study will explore recommendations and guide orbital surgeons, regardless. It will aid in the development of future strategies involving both invasive and noninvasive procedures to close the surgical and complication gap.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA RESILIÊNCIA E A INTELIGÊNCIA EMOCIONAL PARA OS COLABORADORES E AS ORGANIZAÇÕES
Authors: Gustavo Lopes da Silva Carlos , Martins Geisse , Silva Ferreira Hugo , de Andrade e Silva Marcelo
Published: December 2023

Este artigo tem por pretensão discutir a importância da Resiliência e da Inteligência Emocional dos Colaboradores tanto para a sua qualidade de vida quanto para as organizações. Notamos que muitas pessoas passam por diversas fases na vida e que essas conduzem para o desenvolvimento de gatilhos que podem influenciar negativamente na vida e esta impactar diretamente nos relacionamentos sociais e corporativos fazendo com que estes se tornem prazerosos ou cheios de adversidades. A partir desse contexto abordaremos nesse artigo os conceitos de Inteligência Emocional e seus impactos a partir da administração de suas emoções e entendimentos sobre o outro buscando o equilíbrio através do seu gerenciamento bem como podermos utilizarmos de maneira eficaz e motivar pessoas através de uma liderança eficaz e uma gestão inteligente. Também apresentaremos a importância que a construção de estratégias eficazes para melhorar a sua capacidade de ressignificação e melhoria para atravessarmos processos traumáticos na nossa vida através da resiliência, que também nos proporcionará ter uma melhor qualidade de vida e que tanto ela quanto a inteligência emocional farão com que os colaboradores também consigam atingir os objetivos propostos pela organização com maior criatividade e análise. Quanto a metodologia utilizada realizamos um levantamento bibliográfico afim de discutirmos acerca do tema e para embasamento teórico com foco na discussão acima mencionada
Prion Proteinleri ve Etki Mekanizmaları
Authors: KADIOĞLU DALKILIÇ Lütfiye , ASLAN Abdullah
Published: December 2023

Proteinler bir organizmanın yaşamsal faaliyetlerinin yerine getirilmesinde ve regülasyonunda çok önemli etkileri olan biyolojik moleküllerdir. Organizmanın genomu tarafından kodlanan proteinlerin işlevsel olabilmesi için posttranskripsiyonel olarak modifiye edilmeleri gerekmektedir. Bu modifikasyonlar sonucunda proteinin fonksiyon göstermesinde başlıca rol oynayan üç boyutlu bir konformasyona sahip olur. Organizmada bu protein katlanmaları bazı kontrol sistemleri tarafından kontrol edilmekte ve hatalı katlanmış olan proteinler bu degredasyon sistemi tarafından imha edilmektedir. Ancak bazı durumlarda bu hatalı katlanan proteinler degredasyona uğramazlar ve normal fonksiyonlarını yerine getiremeyip organizmada bir takım bozuklukların veya hastalıkların ortaya çıkmasına sebep olurlar. Prionlar, insanları ve hayvanları etkileyen ölmcül nörodejeneratif hastalıklar grubundadır. Bu hastalıkların önemli bir özelliği kendiliğinden çoğalıp bulaşabilen ve sadece proteinden meydana gelen hücresel prion proteini (PrPSc) ile ilişkili olmalarıdır. Memeli glikoproteinleri grubuna dahil olan PrPSc’ler genellikle glikozilfosfatidilinositol (GPI) aracılığıyla membrana bağlı olarak bulunan proteinlerdir. Prion proteinlerinin normal biyolojik fonksiyonları, hatalı katlanan prion proteinleri ile ilişkilendirilmiş hastalıklar ve bu hastalıkların tedavisinde kullanılan güncel terapiler bu derlemenin konusunu oluşturmaktadır.
Bei Jesus in die Schule gehen
Authors: Frankemölle Hubert , Heinz Hanspeter
Published: December 2023

Christinnen und Christen verstehen sich in der Nachfolge Jesu von Nazaret, als seine Schülerinnen und Schüler. Bereits alle Autoren des Neuen Testaments, vor allem die vier Evangelisten, fragten sich, was das für die eigene Zeit bedeutet. Und auch heute muss diese Frage neu gestellt und beantwortet werden.Vor 60 Jahren berief Papst Johannes XXIII. ein Konzil ein, da die Botschaft der Kirche das Leben der Menschen nicht mehr erreichte. Doch die Reform war halbherzig. Die Krise dauert an, spitzt sich zu. Die Antwort der beiden Autoren, selbst Zeitzeugen des Konzils, lautet: Den biblischen Jesus hinter den Verkleidungen der Tradition neu entdecken, bei ihm in die Schule gehen – und von der Welt lernen, in der sich der Heilige Geist heute durch die "Zeichen der Zeit" meldet.
Im Gespräch mit den Propheten
Authors: Lona Horacio E.
Published: December 2023

Niemand braucht ein Spezialist zu sein, um die Lebendigkeit und die Anziehungskraft der biblischen Prophetinnen und Propheten zu erfassen. Die in ihren Namen gesammelten und überlieferten Worte lassen den Kern ihrer jeweiligen Botschaft erkennen, und in dieser Form ist sie uns zugänglich. Ihre Sprache ruft bis heute Fragen hervor, Staunen, Bewunderung, aber auch Ablehnung. Wir begegnen Unbekannten, deren Worte schwer zu verstehen sind, die uns nicht korrigieren, wenn wir sie missverstanden haben, die auf unsere Rückfragen keine Antwort geben. Dennoch regen sie zum Denken an.Die Themen, auf die Lona in seinem Gespräch mit den Prophetinnen und Propheten zurückkommt, bringt ihre Zusammengehörigkeit zum Vorschein. Sein Ziel ist nicht so sehr, Leserinnen und Leser über die biblische Prophetie zu belehren, als vielmehr seine Erfahrungen zu teilen, die aus seiner Begegnung mit prophetischen Worten entstanden sind. Darum werden sie oft und ausführlich zitiert. Ihre Expressivität und ihre kraftvolle Sprache faszinieren bis heute.
Gender Stereotypes in Dictionaries: The Challenge of Reconciling Usage-based Lexicography with the Role of Dictionaries as Social Agents
Authors: Müller-Spitzer Carolin
Published: December 2023

In many countries of the world, perspectives on gender equality and racism have changed in recent decades.1 One result has been more attention being devoted to traces of andro­centric and racist language in society. This also affects dictionaries. In lexicography there are dis­cussions about whether or to what extent social asymmetries are inscribed in dictionaries and if this is still acceptable. The issue of the nature of description plays an important role in this discus­sion. If sexist usages are often found in language use, i.e. in the corpus data on which the dictionary is based, does the dictionary also have to show them? How is this, in turn, compatible with the normative power of dictionaries? Do dictionaries contribute to the perpetuation of gender stereo­types by showcasing them under the banner of descriptive principles? And what roles do lexicog­raphers play in this process? The article deals with these questions on the basis of individual lexi­cographical examples and current discussions in the lexicographic and public community. Keywords: gender and language, gender stereotypes, collocations, cor­pus-based lexicography, dictionaries as social agents
Vitamin D Level, Weight, Height, and BMI Among Children with Cystic Fibrosis: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Ahmadi Mitra , Mirkarimi Mohammadreza , Khanifar Shabnam , Javaherizadeh Hazhir , Ali Samir Mohsen
Published: December 2023

Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) stands as the most common chronic multisystem and fatal inherited disease. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the clinical presentation and laboratory findings in children with CF. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study reviewed the records of CF patients over a 2-year period beginning in 2018. The diagnosis of CF was confirmed based on clinical manifestations, sweat chloride tests, or genetic studies. Children aged ≥ 2 years were included; nevertheless, patients without sweat chloride tests or genetic studies were excluded. This study recorded demographic features, gastrointestinal manifestations, vitamin D levels, and the number of hospital admissions. A pediatric gastroenterologist conducted fecal elastase and stool fat analyses to evaluate pancreatic insufficiency. Vitamin D levels < 30 ng/mL were considered vitamin D insufficiency; however, levels < 20 ng/mL indicated a vitamin D deficiency. A P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: This study included 59 children (37 male and 22 female) in the study. Low weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) percentiles (< 5) were most frequently observed. Approximately 86.4% of the patients had consanguineous parents, and 40.7% had affected siblings. Failure to thrive (FTT) (49.2%) and recurrent respiratory infections (45.8%) were the most common clinical presentations. A majority (57.7%) of the patients were diagnosed before the age of 1 year. The mean number of admissions in the past 2 years was 3, and 58% of the cases reported gastrointestinal symptoms. A significant correlation was observed between vitamin D levels and the number of hospital admissions (Pearson coefficient = 0.298, P = 0.042). Conclusions: In this study, there was a high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and FTT in children with CF. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between vitamin D levels and the number of hospital admissions over a 2-year period.
The Effect of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Techniques on Muscular Strength in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Salehi Narges , Mohammadi Hamid Reza , Poursamad Abdollah , Afrasiabifar Ardashir , Najafi Doulatabad Shahla
Published: December 2023

Background: Knee osteoarthritis is a prevalent chronic musculoskeletal problem among older people, leading to pain, muscle weakness, and a decline in the quality of life. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impact of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques on the muscle strength of patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on all patients with knee osteoarthritis who visited orthopedic offices in Darab City in 2021. A non-probability sampling method was used to select 50 eligible patients, who were then divided into 2 groups: an experimental group and a control group. The allocation of participants into these groups was done by a block randomization method. The experimental group underwent proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques for eight weeks, with two sessions per week lasting 30 - 45 minutes. In contrast, the control group received only routine care. Muscle strength in both groups was evaluated using the manual muscle test scale before, four weeks, and immediately after the intervention. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 21, descriptive statistics (such as central tendency and dispersion indices), independent t, chi-square, Fisher’s exact, Mann-Whitney U, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Wilcoxon, and repeated measures ANOVA tests. A significance level of 0.05 was considered. Results: Fifty patients (24% male and 76% female) with a mean age of 53.6 ± 10 completed this study. There was no statistically significant difference by mean scores of muscle strength parameters, including degree (2.8 ± 0.4 vs. 2.8 ± 0.3), the percentage of normality (45 ± 10 vs. 44 ± 12), and scale (2.8 ± 0.4 vs. 2.8 ± 0.3) between the intervention group and the control group on the before of intervention, respectively. However, a significant difference was observed by degree (3.6 ± 0.6 vs. 2.8 ± 0.3; P = 0.001), the percentage of normality (65 ± 14 vs. 45 ± 9; P = 0.001), and scale (3.5 ± 0.6 vs 2.8 ± 0.3; P = 0.001) between the intervention group and the control group, respectively, at the end of the intervention. Conclusions: The proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques could improve the muscle strength of patients with knee osteoarthritis. If this finding is confirmed in other studies, healthcare workers should use these techniques for the benefit of these patients.
Exploring the dynamics of Bangladesh bank's monetary policy: A factor analysis approach
Authors: Rana Masud , Al Mamun Abdullah , Hossain Md. Kamal , Islam Hasibul
Published: December 2023

This study examined the factors influencing the monetary policy of Bangladesh Bank using a structured questionnaire to interview 207 sample respondents from Bangladesh Bank and 19 listed private conventional commercial banks. The study analyzed and interpreted respondents' opinions using descriptive statistics and varimax rotated factor analysis. The study identified the effect level of various factors influencing the monetary policy of the Bangladesh Bank and ranked the factor variables from 1 to 24 based on the adjusted mean score. The researchers found that the most influential factors in the monetary policy of Bangladesh Bank are price risk, market operations, political-economic variables, and governance. In contrast, the most negligible significant factors are price stability and market liquidity based on the varimax rotated factor analysis. Therefore, the study found that the researcher's set of monetary policy factors has significant implications for the Bangladesh Bank's monetary policy.
The Effect of MitoTEMPO on Rat Diaphragm Muscle Contraction Parameters in an Experimental Diabetes Model Induced with Streptozotocin
Authors: Akkoca Ahmet , Tuncer Seçkin , Çelen Murat Cenk , Dalkılıç Nizamettin
Published: December 2023

Objective: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) not only causes hyperglycemia but also leads to clinical challenges involving respiratory functional impairments. The contraction of the diaphragm reduces pleural pressure, thereby contributing significantly to the process of breathing. This study examines the functional impairments in diaphragm muscle isometric contraction parameters due to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) associated with DM, as well as the effects of MitoTEMPO, a mitochondria-specific antioxidant, on these impairments.
Methods: Wistar Albino male rats at 12-14 weeks of age were randomly divided into three groups: the control group (CON, n=6), the diabetes group (DM, n=6), and the diabetes + MitoTEMPO (MT, n=6) group. A single dose of 50 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) was administered to the rats in the DM and MT groups. When the rats in the MT group reached a blood glucose level of 300 mg/dl, they were administered MitoTEMPO at a dose of 0.7 mg/kg/day for 28 days. Isometric contraction recordings were obtained from diaphragm muscle preparations isolated from the experimental animals at the end of the 28-day period.
Results: Although the effectiveness of mitochondria-specific antioxidants in reducing blood glucose levels in DM is debated in the literature, results for the MT group were interestingly indicative of a statistically significant decrease in blood glucose levels following MitoTEMPO administration at the end of the fourth week. Furthermore, MitoTEMPO exhibited therapeutic effects on diaphragm muscle contraction parameters impaired by DM.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that in DM patients, MitoTEMPO could be utilized for blood glucose control and might also be effective in the treatment of DM-induced diaphragm muscle mechanical dysfunction.
How to conduct a freedom-to-operate analysis for a drug repurposing project
Authors: Mucke Hermann
Published: December 2023

This document provides the general methodology and specific resource access points for performing a Freedom to Operate (FtO) analysis tailored to the needs of a drug repurposing project. It has been deliberately written to be performed with minimal technical resources: only web access is required, and no use is made of artificial intelligence tools. It can be performed by the inventors, up to the point where potentially critical findings (if any) are discussed with a patent attorney. When done properly, this method actually improves the relevance of the analysis, since no patent specialist can be expected to be fully familiar with all the scientific aspects of a repurposing project.While patent searches are the dominant motive, there is also discussion of how to recruit suitable suppliers, an issue that is particularly important when the compound is reformulated (as will be the case in most cases).
Performance assessment of solar dryer integrated with heat energy storage system for food preservation
Authors:   , Missana Wenceslaus
Published: December 2023

Solar energy is regarded as a clean form of energy because solar radiation can be transformed into heat energy for different applications such as heating water, generating power, cooking, and drying food products. The solar dryer integrated with heat energy storage system in this study was designed to use nitrate salt as a phase change material that can store thermal energy during sun hours and then be used when the sun is not active. The dryer was tested by drying 1000 g of red peppers in a drying air temperature range of 19.6 – 62.4 °C, the average temperature was 46 °C and ambient temperature ranges between 19.3 – 37.4 °C. The drying process of the developed solar dryer was compared with an open sun drying system, each loaded with 1000 g of red pepper. For 24 hours, the solar dryer maintained colour, flavor and reduced the moisture content from 86% to the required 10% whereas open sun drying took 36 hours to accomplish the same result. It has been discovered that the payback period is 6.2 years, which is low compared to the 22-year solar dryer life span. Thus, for 16 years, the solar dryer will dry free products, which is feasible and economical.
The potential of water resources contamination around a large-scale gold mine
Authors:   , Musiba Musiba
Published: December 2023

This study used the hydro-chemical properties and isotopic signatures of water to understand the main sources of deterioration of water quality around the North Mara gold mine in Tarime District, Mara Region. The chemical and isotopic signatures of the surface and groundwater were used in understanding the origin, flow pattern, residence times, and vulnerability to pollution. Most samples that were located downstream, western side of the mine tailings dam were slightly acidic with pH as low as 4.6 and enriched with stable isotopes. Most samples with elevated concentrations of Na+ , Cl- , SO4 2- and NO3 - could not be isotopically linked with the local geochemistry, but the observed water chemistry was controlled by evaporation and anthropogenic effects. The Piper trilinear diagram showed Ca and Mg cations dominance, while bicarbonates and sulfates dominated the anions. The heavy metals, Pb and Hg levels (mean 70.29 and 17.95 µg/L, respectively) were all higher than the levels recommended in both the World Health Organization (WHO) and Tanzanian drinking water guidelines. The low pH values and elevated concentrations of cyanides, heavy metals, and metalloids were probably associated with mining activities. The radioactive isotope results indicated the vulnerability of the water to recent contamination that could be attributed to near-surface anthropogenic activities. Moreover, stable isotopic studies indicated the pollutants-carrying water flow pattern was from the eastern to the western side of the study area. Lowland samples had higher tritium activities than the highland ones. Therefore, the present study concludes that groundwater recharge from recent local precipitation may have an impact on the sources studied and the use of shallow dug out wells should be minimized.
Effects of Graded Levels of Typha angustifolia Rhizomes on Intestinal Microflora, Immune System, and Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens
Authors: Nyembo Camile Kondo , Tchoffo Herve , Chongsi Margaret Momo , Ciza Pascaline Azine , Amani Innocent Murhula , Tieubou Leslie Tsopingni , Kana Raphaël Jean
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The ability of growth-promoting antibiotics to accumulate in livestock products such as meat, eggs, and milk, and the antibiotic resistance conferred on bacteria has prompted researchers to turn to phyto-additives. The present study was designed to evaluate the potential of Typha angustifolia rhizome powder as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters in broiler chicken.
Materials and methods: For this purpose, 512 one-day-old chickens of the Cobb500 strain were randomly distributed in a completely randomized design of 8 treatments of 16 chicks replicated four times. Experimental rations consisted of incorporating into a control ration 1 g of Doxycycline® (0+), and 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 g of Typha angustifolia /kg of feed, respectively.
Results: The main results revealed that feed intake was not significantly affected by the different treatments. Over the study period, supplementing chicken with 6 g of T. angustifolia/kg increased live weight and weight gain by about 6.72% and 6.82%, respectively, compared to the negative control. Similarly, this phyto-additive, at the incorporation rate of 6 g/kg, decreased the chicken feed conversion ratio by 12.83% compared to the control without additives. The 6 g of Typha angustifolia/kg of feed induced a significant increase in the weight, length, and density of the intestine as compared to the negative control ration. This phyto-additive, whatever the rate, significantly increased the number of lactic acid bacteria, and the digestibility of crude protein and dietary fiber compared to the negative control. Apart from the serum concentration of total cholesterol and high-density cholesterol, which increased significantly with 1 g of Typha angustifolia compared to the negative control, all the haemato-biochemical parameters were not significantly affected by this phyto-additive, whatever the incorporation rate.
Conclusion: In the condition of the present study, it was concluded that 6 g of Typha angustifolia/kg of feed can be used as a substitute for antibiotics growth promoters in animal feed.
Racial Colorblindness in Speech-Language Pathology Students
Authors:   Louisiana State University, Castello Skyller , Coalson Geoffrey , Oetting Janna , Haebig Eileen
Published: December 2023

Purpose: Implicit racial biases have been documented across a variety of allied health professions and training programs. The purpose of this study was to examine implicit racial bias within speech-language pathology (SLP) students by evaluating their attitudes towards statements reflecting racial colorblindness. Method: Fifty-nine students currently enrolled in an SLP program completed the Color-Blind Racial Attitudes Scale (CoBRAS; Neville et al., 2000) via an online Qualtrics survey, comprised of three subscales: Racial Privilege, Institutional Discrimination, and Blatant Racial Issues. Results: Results suggested that although 67% do not endorse colorblind statements on the CoBRAS, 33% of the students either agreed with colorblind statements (18%) or indicated neither agreement nor disagreement with colorblind statements (15%). Colorblind statements related to Racial Privilege (e.g., Everyone who works hard, no matter what race they are, has an equal chance to become rich.) were rejected less frequently (55%) than statements related to Institutional Discrimination (68%; e.g., Racial and ethnic minorities in the U.S. have certain advantages because of the color of their skin.) or Blatant Racial Issues (79%; e.g., Racial problems in the US are rare, isolated situations.). Conclusion: Voluntary self-examination of implicit racial bias within any pre-professional training program is a difficult, but important step towards addressing issues of systemic racism prior to entering the field. This study is the first to do so within speech-language pathology. Although data indicating relatively high rejection of colorblind statements found in this study are promising, students did not uniformly reject colorblind statements. Such response variation provides a foundation to further educate SLP students about implicit bias and its potential to impact one’s cultural responsivity.
The Effects of Mentorship with Speech-Language Pathologists of Color on the Professional Readiness and Emotional Support of Undergraduate Speech-Language Pathology Students
Authors:   SUNY Buffalo State University, Maldonado Camilo , Oni Joy , Hynd Carly
Published: December 2023

Background: A lack of emotional and professional support may be an obstacle to success for students in speech-language pathology (SLP). As students navigate the rigors of their academic programs, mentorship can provide opportunities for growth and development. This study investigated the ways in which undergraduate students were supported for further study and professional engagement in the profession after being provided with guidance from SLPs of color. Purpose: Using mentoring theory (Ragins & Kram, 2007) as a lens for data analysis, this qualitative study explored the ways in which professional mentors of color and their undergraduate proteges developed bidirectional discourses to help make meaning out of academic and professional concerns. Method: Eight undergraduate students, four self-identified White students (three women and one man) and four self-identified women of color were assigned to four female mentors of color. Participant interviews were employed to explore the ways in which students were prepared for future professional engagement following a short mentoring experience. Findings: Data suggested that students had a better understanding of the importance of excelling within academic pursuits as a result of their mentors helping to make practical connections to academic knowledge. Participants reported greater appreciation for issues related to diversity, equity, and inclusion and how they affect the professional of SLP. They acknowledged that the mentoring program provided them with a safe space for related discourses related to diversity, equity, and inclusion. Finally, participants shared obstacles to effective mentor/protegee interactions (e.g., scheduling concerns) and the creative ways in which they were able overcome such concerns (e.g., technological interactions and virtual spaces for meeting).