bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of the construction of mixed anchor items on the test equating in mixed-format tests
Authors:   Korean Society for Educational Evaluation, Lee Sora , Sang Kyongah , Jeong Tai Sun , Sim Jun Sik
Published: March 2023

With the introduction of innovative items in the computer-based NAEA, the item format became diversified, and the current method of selecting anchor items from multiple-choice (MC) items became burdensome for test developers. The purpose of this study is to examine whether a mixed-format anchor items including both MC and constructed-response (CR) items could hold the stability of equating in the NAEA, and give desirable direction to expand the range of anchor items and to make test construct flexible. A simulation study was conducted based on a common-item non-equivalent group design with the test conditions of the Korean subject in the NAEA. The treatment conditions include (1) a type of anchor item set (a single MC or a mixed), (2) a composition type of mixed anchor item (MC:CR = 1:1, 3:2, or 3:4), (3) a length of mixed anchor items within a test (25%, 22%, or 19%), and (4) the presence of multidimensionality according to the item format were assumed. The main result is that there was no significant difference in the equating error between the single MC and the mixed anchor item condition. Specifically the equating error of the single MC was smaller than that of the mixed-format cases where the ratios between MC and CR were 1:1 and 3:2. In the 3:4-ratio mixed condition, the equating error was smaller than that of the single MC condition. A length of mixed anchor items within a test showed somewhat mixed results, probably because there was not much variation between the conditions in the composition ratio, about 20% in test. When there was multidimensionality according to the item format in the test, the equating error increased significantly with mixed anchor items compared to that of unidimensional test condition. In sum, about 20% of the mixed anchor items with slightly higher CR ratio was found to be suitable in the unidimensional test and caution was called for in using mixed anchor items in multidimensional test.
Kütahya Ahırardı Cami Mimarisi ve Arkeometrik Analizleri
Authors: AKSOY Ercan , AKYOL Ali Akın
Published: March 2023

Korumada amaç yapıların simgesel ve sanatsal değerleri ile birlikte fiziksel yapısını da muhafaza etmek ve sürdürülebilir olmalarını sağlamaktır. Bu bakışı yansıtan bir çalışma olarak Kütahya’nın tarihi kent merkezinde bulunan Ahırardı Cami, yapısal ve dekoratif malzemeleri arkeometrik açıdan incelenmiştir. 1876 yılında yapılan ve zaman içinde çeşitli müdahalelere uğrayan caminin farklı bölgelerinden örneklenen taş, tuğla, sıva, harç ve çini örneklere fiziksel, kimyasal ve petrografik analizler uygulanmıştır. Arkeometrik çalışmalar kapsamında taş ve tuğla örneklerin fiziksel özellikleri temel fiziksel testlerle, aynı örneklerin suda çözünen tuz miktarı ile tuz (anyon) türleri de kondaktometrik analiz ile belirlenmiştir. Harç ve sıvalarda agrega/bağlayıcı ve agregada tane boyutu dağılımı (granülometrik) analizi uygulanmıştır. Yapısal örneklerin tümünün petrografik özellikleri, ince kesitleri üzerinden optik mikroskop analizi ile belirlenmiştir. Caminin yapımında kullanılan taşlar yoğunlukla ignimbirit kayaç türündedir. Taşlarda olduğu gibi tuğla örneklerin petrografik analizleri de volkanik kökenli yapıya sahip olduklarını göstermiştir. Agrega/bağlayıcı bileşimleri incelenen harç örnekler 2, sıva örnekler de 3 grup altında sınıflandırılmıştır. Tümü onarım örneği olan harç ve sıvala-rın bağlayıcı içeriğini çimento/kül, kil/kül karışımı bağlayıcıların oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir. Agrega/bağlayıcı içerikleri oldukça benzeşen onarım harç ve sıva örnekleri yakın dönem onarımlarını yansıtmaktadır ve caminin özgün harç ve sıvaları bu süreçlerde yok olmuş durumdadır.
Lokakarya Penyamaan Persepsi PO BKD 2021
Authors: SIANTURI HERY LEO
Published: March 2023

Dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dosen khususnya Tridarma perguruan tinggi diperlukan pengakuan kinerja sehingga dosen yang bersangkutan dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya.
PPM No. 1173
Authors: Marni
Published: March 2023

Dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dosen khususnya Tridarma perguruan tinggi diperlukan pengakuan kinerja sehingga dosen yang bersangkutan dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya.
PPM No. 342
Authors: Marni
Published: March 2023

Dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dosen khususnya Tridarma perguruan tinggi diperlukan pengakuan kinerja sehingga dosen yang bersangkutan dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya.
Self-contained Map classification of living things
Authors: Kamran Danial
Published: March 2023

The Self Organizing Map (SOM) is an unsupervised network algorithm that projects high dimensional data into lowdimensional maps. The projection preserves the topology of the data so that similar data items are mapped to nearby locations on themap. The algorithm has been so popular because of its application in Computer Science and other areas; it has been applied in speechrecognition, pattern identification, control engineering, earthquake detection et al. This research aimed to apply the SOM in thetaxonomy of living organisms using 46 attributes. 68 animals from 6 phyla were considered and 46 attributes were used detailing theirphysical features, physiological features, evolution, adaptation, habitat et al. The features extracted were converted to 0s and 1s for theSOM algorithm to process. The result shows 96.569% accuracy of the SOM’s classification but better accuracy can be obtained if theSOM had processed the data for about 1000 iterations. This research revealed that SOM is a veritable tool or algorithm that can be usedto classify living organisms. This research will help taxonomists, biologists and students who spend much time in classifying livingorganism and it will be of help to researchers who want to explore the SOM algorithm as a solution to taxonomy of living organisms.The SOM will ease taxonomy and will help to minimize the stress and time involved in classifying thousands of living organisms.
SK Dekan No. 63 Tahun 2019
Authors: Marni
Published: March 2023

Dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dosen khususnya Tridarma perguruan tinggi diperlukan pengakuan kinerja sehingga dosen yang bersangkutan dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya.
SK Rektor No. 1088 Tahun 2015
Authors: Marni
Published: March 2023

Dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dosen khususnya Tridarma perguruan tinggi diperlukan pengakuan kinerja sehingga dosen yang bersangkutan dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya.
Webinar Tentang Kebijakan pola Komsumsi Remaja NTT
Authors: Marni
Published: March 2023

Dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dosen khususnya Tridarma perguruan tinggi diperlukan pengakuan kinerja sehingga dosen yang bersangkutan dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya.
Toefl
Authors: Marni
Published: March 2023

Dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dosen khususnya Tridarma perguruan tinggi diperlukan pengakuan kinerja sehingga dosen yang bersangkutan dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya.
SK Rektor No. 358 Tahun 2016
Authors: Marni
Published: March 2023

Dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dosen khususnya Tridarma perguruan tinggi diperlukan pengakuan kinerja sehingga dosen yang bersangkutan dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya.
Using Reported Symptoms, a Neuro-Fuzzy Case-Based Reasoning System Can Detect Lassa Fever
Authors: Kamran Danial
Published: March 2023

Lassa fever is an acute viral haemorrhagic fever that is awfully infectious through infected rodents in themastomysnatalensis species that are complex reservoirs capable of excreting the virus through their urine, saliva, excreta and otherbody fluids to man. The virus is a single stranded RNA virus belonging to the arenaviridae family. It presents no definite signs orsymptoms and clinical analysis is often problematic especially at the early onset of the disease. Accurate diagnosis requires highlyspecialized laboratories, which are expensive and not readily available to the entire populace. Early diagnosis and treatment of Lassafever is very vital for survival. In this study, we identified that fuzzy logic and rule-based techniques are the only artificial intelligencesupported approach that has been used to develop an expert system for diagnosing the dreaded Lassa fever as an alternative to laboratorymethodology. It is noted that rule-based is not an efficient technique in the designing expert systems based on its shortcomings such asopaque relations between rules, ineffective search strategy, and its inability to learn; while the fuzzy based technique does not alsosupport the ability to learn but good in areas such as knowledge representation, uncertainty tolerance, imprecision tolerance, andexplanation ability. Based on these information gathered, the authors decided to design a hybridized intelligent framework driven bythe integration of Neural Network (NN), Fuzzy logic (FL) and Case Based Reasoning (CBR) based on their individual strengths puttogether in order to proffer a quick and reliable diagnosis for Lassa fever infection using observed clinical symptoms that could aidmedical practitioners in decision making.
The hidden depth of memory: retrieval of autobiographical memories is structurally focused
Authors: Raynal Lucas , Clément Evelyne , Gros Hippolyte , Sander Emmanuel
Published: March 2023

Whereas surface and structural features are often correlated in real-life situations, it is necessary to disentangle them in experimental situations to determine their respective influence in driving analogical retrieval. We introduce a free-reminding experimental paradigm to assess the types of autobiographical memories which are elicited when target cues show typical associations (Experiment 1), or less typical associations (Experiment 2) between surface and structural features. Experiment 1 showed that fully-fledged structural similarities, and to a lesser extent partial structural similarities, have a significant influence on the retrieval of superficially similar situations. By setting a retrieval competition between surface and structural similarities, Experiment 2 provides support to our structural superiority hypothesis that superficially dissimilar analogs are more frequently retrieved than superficially similar disanalogs. Our data are consistent with the view that the conjunction of surface and structural similarities is highly efficient in driving retrieval, but that structural overcomes surface similarities when they are dissociated.
Workshop How to be a good researcher
Authors: Marni
Published: March 2023

Dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dosen khususnya Tridarma perguruan tinggi diperlukan pengakuan kinerja sehingga dosen yang bersangkutan dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya.
Sistem Aplikasi Remunerasi
Authors: SIANTURI HERY LEO
Published: March 2023

Dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dosen khususnya Tridarma perguruan tinggi diperlukan pengakuan kinerja sehingga dosen yang bersangkutan dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya.
Model of Selforganizing Knowledge Representation and Organizational Knowledge Transformation
Authors: Kamran Danial
Published: March 2023

: The purpose of the paper is development of a conceptual model for the representation of knowledge as an activeintellectual substance and, on this basis, study of metaphysics of knowledge transformation process being produced both individuallyand collectively in the practice of organizations. The first principle of knowledge engineering, as Edward Albert Feigenbaum noted,says that the power in solving problems that an intellectual subject (person or machine) manifests in the process of activity dependsprimarily on its knowledge base, and only secondly on the methods of inference used. Strength is hidden in knowledge. The process ofproducing knowledge is permanent and does not depend on whether an individual is going to use this knowledge or not.Knowledge constantly produces new knowledge regardless of the owner's desire. Besides that, knowledge can’t arise from nothing,but always – from some knowledge obtained earlier. As well as the intelligence, knowledge is an emergent instance arising from thecollective interaction of a lot of intellectual atomic elements of knowledge (knowledge quanta). Idiosyncrasy of this interaction isexpressed precisely in the creation of new knowledge. Due to postulating the knowledge self-organizing, the hierarchical knowledgestructures in memory and the process of thinking as a kind of syntax for the procedure of new knowledge generation are described.This is an effort towards understanding the memory mechanisms, the process of thinking, the sources of heuristic knowledge justthrough the inner nature of knowledge. Also, based on the knowledge self-organization principle, an archetype of the appropriateknowledge-based system architecture is presented too. As an implementation of the concept, the perceptual act model is described, andon its base, a possible scenario for the behavior of a robot meeting an obstacle in its path is considered. As the mutual transformationof tacit and explicit knowledge makes new knowledge, the impact of the self-organization of knowledge on the transformation processas well as conditions of self-organization of both individual knowledge and organizational knowledge are analyzed in detail. Finally,modification of the known model of knowledge dimensions by Nonaka and Takeuchi is proposed. Because of the native activity ofknowledge, it is impossible to build a knowledge management system without considering the internal structure of knowledge and itsemergent ability to self-organize. Ensuring the natural process of knowledge development at all ontological levels in an organizationis an essential prerequisite for the evolution of values in this organization.
Organizational Knowledge Transformation and Selforganizing Knowledge Representation Model
Authors: Kamran Danial
Published: March 2023

: The purpose of the paper is development of a conceptual model for the representation of knowledge as an active intellectualsubstance and, on this basis, study of metaphysics of knowledge transformation process being produced both individually andcollectively in the practice of organizations. The first principle of knowledge engineering, as Edward Albert Feigenbaum noted, saysthat the power in solving problems that an intellectual subject (person or machine) manifests in the process of activity depends primarilyon its knowledge base, and only secondly on the methods of inference used. Strength is hidden in knowledge. The process of producingknowledge is permanent and does not depend on whether an individual is going to use this knowledge or not.Knowledge constantly produces new knowledge regardless of the owner's desire. Besides that, knowledge can’t arise from nothing, butalways – from some knowledge obtained earlier. As well as the intelligence, knowledge is an emergent instance arising from thecollective interaction of a lot of intellectual atomic elements of knowledge (knowledge quanta). Idiosyncrasy of this interaction isexpressed precisely in the creation of new knowledge. Due to postulating the knowledge self-organizing, the hierarchical knowledgestructures in memory and the process of thinking as a kind of syntax for the procedure of new knowledge generation are described. Thisis an effort towards understanding the memory mechanisms, the process of thinking, the sources of heuristic knowledge just throughthe inner nature of knowledge. Also, based on the knowledge self-organization principle, an archetype of the appropriate knowledgebased system architecture is presented too. As an implementation of the concept, the perceptual act model is described, and on its base,a possible scenario for the behavior of a robot meeting an obstacle in its path is considered. As the mutual transformation of tacit andexplicit knowledge makes new knowledge, the impact of the self-organization of knowledge on the transformation process as well asconditions of self-organization of both individual knowledge and organizational knowledge are analyzed in detail. Finally, modificationof the known model of knowledge dimensions by Nonaka and Takeuchi is proposed. Because of the native activity of knowledge, it isimpossible to build a knowledge management system without considering the internal structure of knowledge and its emergent abilityto self-organize. Ensuring the natural process of knowledge development at all ontological levels in an organization is an essentialprerequisite for the evolution of values in this organization.
Reduced Human Effort in Optical Tracking of Anti-Tank Guided Missile Targets Due to Integrated Tracking System Design
Authors: Kamran Danial
Published: March 2023

Human role reduction in the firing process in the physical military systems is the way to improve the overall systemperformance and achieve the requirement of operation, especially for the anti-tank guided missile (ATGM). In the second-generationATGM system, the human operator is responsible for following the target until the missile clash the target (Manual Target Tracking).Achieving an acceptable flight trajectory with getting a minimum miss distance, which is a distance between the center of the targetand the impact point, is the factor that used to measure the ATGM performance. This paper is dedicated to designing and implementationof an embedded tracking system capable of dealing with the slow-moving objects, which is carried out as a step to reduce the humanoperator role during the operation, in addition, upgrade the second-generation anti-tank guided missile system to third generationATGM system (Automatic target tracking). The present work seeks to take benefits of a System on Chip (SoC) technology, includingembedded Linux systems, in the real-time computer vision applications. The nonlinear flight simulation model of the intended missilesystem is presented in a MATLAB environment. The tracking algorithm is described using Python programing language with the aidof OpenCV library and implemented based on embedded Raspberry Pi system (RPI). Hardware-inLoop experimental test is carried outto evaluate and validate the methodology of the proposed work to achieve the overall system requirement with an acceptable flighttrajectory and minimum miss-distance.
PPM No. 238
Authors: Marni
Published: March 2023

Dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dosen khususnya Tridarma perguruan tinggi diperlukan pengakuan kinerja sehingga dosen yang bersangkutan dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya.
Seminar Nasional dengan Tema: Permasalahan Kesehatan Masyarakat di Daerah Lahan Kering Kepulauan NTT
Authors: Marni
Published: March 2023

Dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dosen khususnya Tridarma perguruan tinggi diperlukan pengakuan kinerja sehingga dosen yang bersangkutan dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya.
Peserta Pelatihan Etik Dasar-Lanjut dan Akreditasi KEPK 2018
Authors: Marni
Published: March 2023

Dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dosen khususnya Tridarma perguruan tinggi diperlukan pengakuan kinerja sehingga dosen yang bersangkutan dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya.
SK Rektor No. 407 Tahun 2015
Authors: Marni
Published: March 2023

Dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dosen khususnya Tridarma perguruan tinggi diperlukan pengakuan kinerja sehingga dosen yang bersangkutan dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya.
Unsupervised Learning vs. Round-Tripping in SpanishTurkish Machine Translation
Authors: Kamran Danial
Published: March 2023

The quality of data-driven Machine Translation (MT) strongly depends on the quantity as well as the quality of the trainingdataset. However, collecting a large set of training parallel texts is not easy in practice. Although various approaches have already beenproposed to overcome this issue, the lack of large parallel corpora still poses a major practical problem for many language pairs. Sincemonolingual data plays an important role in boosting fluency for Neural MT (NMT) models, this paper investigates and compares theperformance of two learning-based translation approaches for Spanish-Turkish translation as a lowresource setting in case we only haveaccess to large sets of monolingual data in each language; 1) Unsupervised Learning approach, and 2) Round-Tripping approach. Eitherapproach completely removes the need for bilingual data or enables us to train the NMT system relying on monolingual data only. Weutilize an Attention-based NMT (Attentional NMT) model, which leverages a careful initialization of the parameters, the denoisingeffect of language models, and the automatic generation of bilingual data. Our experimental results demonstrate that the UnsupervisedLearning approach outperforms the Round-Tripping approach in SpanishTurkish translation and vice versa. These results confirm thatthe Unsupervised Learning approach is still a reliable learning-based translation technique for Spanish-Turkish low-resource NMT.
SK Rektor No. 1610 Tahun 2015
Authors: Marni
Published: March 2023

Dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dosen khususnya Tridarma perguruan tinggi diperlukan pengakuan kinerja sehingga dosen yang bersangkutan dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya.
Wakil Bendahara Pengurus Perkumpulan PPKMI Daerah Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur Masa Bakti Tahun 2020-2024
Authors: Marni
Published: March 2023

Dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dosen khususnya Tridarma perguruan tinggi diperlukan pengakuan kinerja sehingga dosen yang bersangkutan dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya.
SK Rektor No. 1715 Tahun 2015
Authors: Marni
Published: March 2023

Dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dosen khususnya Tridarma perguruan tinggi diperlukan pengakuan kinerja sehingga dosen yang bersangkutan dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya.
The not-so-forbidden triad: Evaluating the assumptions of The Strength of Weak Ties
Authors: Neal Zachary P.
Published: March 2023

The Strength of Weak Ties is among the most influential social theories of the past 50 years. However, its prediction that weak ties are especially useful for obtaining novel information is sometimes not supported. To understand why, I investigate whether social networks typically satisfy the theory's assumptions, and whether the theory's prediction is robust to violations of its assumptions. First, examining a diverse corpus of 56 empirical social networks, I show that empirical social networks (nearly) satisfy some but not all of the theory's assumptions. Second, using a simulation of information diffusion, I show that the predicted utility of weak ties is not robust to violations of these assumptions. When the assumptions of the theory are violated, as is common in social networks, access to novel information depends on bridging ties, regardless of their strength. Moreover, when they exist, strong bridges (i.e., bridges with high bandwidth) are more useful than weak bridges (i.e., bridges with low bandwidth). I conclude by recommending that research applying this theory should first consider whether its assumptions are satisfied, and that a tie's strength and bridgeness should be measured and modeled independently.
Symbolic Computation of Molecular Integrals
Authors: Kikuchi Ichio , Kikuchi Akihito
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the present article is to give an account of the symbolic computation of molecular integrals. This sort of computation is a requisite for a scheme of quantum chemistry, which has been developed by the authors of the present article. This scheme enables us to simulate the quantum state of molecules through computational algebraic geometry. The requisite is that all of the molecular integrals should be prepared as analytical functions. Then those functions are approximated by multivariate polynomials, and the Hartree-Fock-Roothaan equation is given by a set of polynomial equations. We apply the technique of computational algebraic geometry, such as Gr\"obner basis and primary ideal decomposition, to solve the equation. The library is intended for the generation of molecular integrals by Gaussian-type orbitals (GTO). In this article, we shall explain how the library shall generate the analytic molecular integrals and what are the points treated carefully.
SK Rektor No. 907 Tahun 2017
Authors: Marni
Published: March 2023

Dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dosen khususnya Tridarma perguruan tinggi diperlukan pengakuan kinerja sehingga dosen yang bersangkutan dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya.
Rapat Koordinasi Nasional 'BERGERAK BERSAMA UNTUK PERCEPATAN PENURUNAN STUNTING
Authors: Marni
Published: March 2023

Dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dosen khususnya Tridarma perguruan tinggi diperlukan pengakuan kinerja sehingga dosen yang bersangkutan dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya.
“One-second wait”: A simple and effective intervention to boost judgment accuracy
Authors: Shirasuna Masaru , Kagawa Rina , Honda Hidehito
Published: March 2023

Today, an increasing number of people work online. However, they are often separated from each other or often drop out of tasks due to workload, and sometimes do not perform the task well (e.g., making incorrect judgments). Therefore, there is a growing need for an intervention to ensure the job performance of distributed workers. In this study, we propose a simple and cost-effective intervention to improve judgment accuracy, namely, making people wait for one second at the beginning of a task. We examined whether inserting a short time (e.g., one second) during which people cannot respond to a task enhances an appropriate allocation of cognitive resources into thinking tasks. Through behavioral experiments using a perceptual binary-choice task, we found that participants who waited for 1s showed higher accuracy than those assigned to a control group (i.e., waited for 0s) and felt less mental workload than those who waited for 2.5s. Furthermore, analyses of mouse trajectories during choice behaviors revealed that a waiting time helped participants avoid impulsive or “straight” movements. These results suggest that waiting for one second is an effective intervention to boost people’s competence regarding judgments. We believe that our proposed intervention can be applied in various fields because of its simplicity.
Reforming Animal Agriculture Subsidies: A Guide for Advocates
Authors: Faunalytics
Published: March 2023

Animal agriculture subsidies create an uneven playing field for advocates and plant-based producers. Our study looks at successes and challenges in the fight to shift, reduce, or eliminate subsidies.
Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination Levels in Market Gardening Soils Used to Grow Onions (Allium Cepa) in the City of Abéché (Eastern Chad)
Authors: Abdou Hamadou , Léopold Ekengele Nga , Malloum Mahamat Seid Ali , Bitom Dieudonné
Published: March 2023

The main objective of this study was to assess the level of metal contamination of the soils used in the cultivation of onions in the city of Abéché. Thus, 04 plots were carried out and monitored for a period of five years (05 years). Two traditional plots were chosen in the Arkou site; and two control plots were carried out in the Bagarine site. Soil samples were taken annually (2016 to 2020) after harvesting on a thickness of 0 and 20 cm. In each plot, thirteen (13) samples were taken. After quartering, one (01) representative sample from each plot was retained. The samples were analyzed by optical emission spectrometry at the Food Quality Control Center Laboratory (FQCCL) in Ndjamena. The determination of heavy metal concentrations revealed relatively low levels for Ni, Zn, Cu, Cr and Fe. These levels are generally lower than the reference values ​​for all the plots. Geoaccumulation indices (Igeo) and Contamination factor (Cf) revealed pollution indices. Pb and Cd show contaminations in traditional plots. The correlations (P < 0.05) observed in our study area are positive and significant. This study shows that the use of chemical inputs are sources of soil contamination by heavy metals.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 11(1): 42-53.
Goat Feed Resources and Feeding Management in Mid-Hill of Nepal
Authors: Shah Manoj Kumar , Pandey Luma Nidhi , Bastola Rupa , Shah Bimala , Shah Shatrughan
Published: March 2023

This study was commissioned to assess studies on feeding resources and feeding management of goat in mid hills of Nepal. During the study, 162 goat farms located in Ghiring and Baradi of Tanahun districts in Nepal were surveyed, and a semi-structured questionnaire was administered to each farm. Farmers in this region prefer integrating livestock raising with crop production. The majority of the farms surveyed kept indigenous Khari goats, either in pure flocks or through crossbreeding. The types of goat farming were commercial (8.02%), semi-commercial (29.01%) and subsistence (62.96%). The nature of management practices for goat farmers was intensive (70.99%), semi-intensive (14.81%) and free range (14.20%). Farmers grazed their livestock in different locations, including their own land (48.77%), forests (22.22%), and other places (29.01%). The selection of fodder species by farmers varied depending on the availability of different species in the mid hills, reflecting differences in their perception and preference. Among the top fodder species highly preferred by the farmer in summer season are Ficus cunia followed by Bauhinia longifolia, Ficus hispida, Castanopsis indica and Ficus auriculata. Fodder species highly preferred by the farmers in winter season are Litsea polyantha followed by Drepanostachyum khasianum, Shorea robusta, Terminalia elliptica and Mangifera indica.  Goat production is an essential aspect of subsistence farming, providing both meat and cash income. Consequently, this study recommends promoting locally preferred tree fodder species and supplementing them with feed during different seasons, based on their availability and local preferences. Such strategies can help to improve goat production and support sustainable livelihoods for farmers in the region.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 11(1): 15-24
Effect of Bunch Feeding on Yield Parameters of Banana cv. Grand Naine in Ratnanagar, Chitwan, Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Shrisha , Bhattarai Sabin , Tamang Palsang , Ranabhat Anu
Published: March 2023

A field experiment consisting of bunch stalk feeding with different treatments on yield of banana cv. Grand Naine (G9) was conducted during 2022 in Ratnanagar-12, Jamunapur of Chitwan, Nepal. The experiment was laid in Random Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 7 treatments and 3 replications. Bunch fed with dipping the cut end in the combination of 500gm cow dung + 10g urea + 20g SOP + 15mg of GA3 + 100ml water resulted significantly higher finger length (20.36 cm), finger weight (0.18kg), finger diameter (36.28mm, bunch length (101.90 cm), bunch weight (32.37 kg), peel weight (19.05 g). and pulp weight (82.39 g) compared with control (without bunch stalk feeding). Thus, the research shows that the bunch feeding with 500gm cow dung, 10g urea, 20g SOP and 15mg of GA3 improves yield parameters of banana cv. Grand Naine.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 11(1): 25-29.
Dermatological Publications from Nepalese Dermatologist Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic Period: A Review
Authors: Parajuli Niraj , Chapagai Badri , Paudel Sushil
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic created a nation-wide lockdown with hospital services resorting only to the emergency sections. Dermatology out-patient was closed with majority of services being deferred for a later date or through online platform. Here, we try to find whether Nepalese dermatologists were contributing to sciences through research.
Methods: A Google Scholar search using certain key words to search for publications done by Nepalese dermatologist during the pandemic was done for year 2020-2021 described as pandemic period. Similar search was conducted for year 2018-2019 for the same time frame called as pre-pandemic. All the publications were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods.
Results: A total of 197 publications were retrieved for pandemic period  as compared to only 106 published articles in the non-pandemic period. Among 197 publications, 81 (41.11%) were published in PubMed indexed journal as compared to only 40 (37.73%) publications out of 106 total publications during the earlier period. However, the increase in the number was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: An interest among Nepalese dermatologists for academic publications was noted during the pandemic period. This might be due to the proper use of time during the lockdown and closure of out-patient department.
Inflation Expectations in Nepal
Authors: Koirala T. P.
Published: March 2023

There is a significant positive relationship between inflation and inflation expectations in Nepal, where the latter variable has been generated under Adaptive Expectation Hypothesis (AEH). Using 33 annual observations of actual inflation from 1973 to 2006, one percent increase in inflation expectations has 0.83 percent impact on contemporaneous inflation. The  forecastability of inflation expectations on current inflation is higher than that of the expected inflation proxied by one-period lagged inflation. The forecastability of the model has been examined on the basis of minimum Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE). Therefore, it is desirable for the policymakers to consider inflation expectations while formulating monetary policy to anchor inflationary expectations of the economic agents.
Long-run Relationships of Macroeconomic Variables in Nepal: A VAR Approach
Authors: Koirala T. P.
Published: March 2023

This paper utilizes cointegration procedure of Johansen and Juselius (1990) in estimating the long run economic relationships of macroeconomic variables comprising M2 monetary aggregate, Real Gross Domestic Product (RGDP), Consumer Price Index (CPI) and Interest Rate (RT) using annual data ranging from 1975 to 2006. Since one cointegrating vector is found to be statistically significant among the variables under consideration, the result is tantamount to deducing the coefficients of Error Correction Model (ECM). In an application of the Augmented Dickey and Fuller (ADF) test to examine the presence of unit roots in the variables prior to the variables used in estimating long run relationships, the ADF sequential search procedure supports an existence of unit roots in all the variables. This paper also estimates the demand for money function in Nepal as an application of long run relationships between the variables using the said procedure. The coefficients of income and interest rate elasticity of M1 so estimated as depicted by the normalized cointegrating vector are in line with theoretical underpinning. Since the coefficients estimated in this paper rely on restricted VAR method that are contrary to the past practices in estimating cointegrating vector using the Engle-Granger (1987) two-step procedure in Nepal, the coefficients are supposed to be robust and consistent owing to the stronger restrictions imposed by cointegrating vector as against the a theoretical VAR approach.
Government Revenue Forecasting in Nepal
Authors: Koirala T. P.
Published: March 2023

This paper attempts to identify appropriate methods for government revenues forecasting based on time series forecasting. I have utilized level data of monthly revenue series including 192 observations starting from 1997 to 2012 for the analysis. Among the five competitive methods under scrutiny, Winter method and Seasonal ARIMA method are found in tracking the actual Data Generating Process (DGP) of monthly revenue series of the government of Nepal. Out of two selected methods, seasonal ARIMA method albeit superior in terms of minimum MPE and MAPE criteria. However, the results of forecasted revenues in this paper may vary depending on the application of more sophisticated methods of forecasting which capture cyclical components of the revenue series. The prevailing forecasting method based particularly on growth rate method extended with discretionary adjustment of a number of updated assumptions and personal judgment can create uncertainty in revenue forecasting practice. Therefore, the methods recommended here in this paper help in reducing forecasting error of the government revenue in Nepal.
The Impact of Food Inflation on Poverty in Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Min Bahadur , Chaudhary Shashi Kant
Published: March 2023

This paper examines the impact of food price hike on poverty in Nepal employing crosssectional sample household consumption data of Nepal Living Standard Survey III. The findings of the study suggest that a 10 percent rise in food prices is likely to increase overall poverty in Nepal by 4 percentage points. It implies that one percent rise in food inflation will push 100 thousand additional people into overall poverty and 180 thousand additional people into food poverty. The paper also analyses the impact at the regional level and suggests some policy options to contain the food inflation and to mitigate the impact of food price hike on the poor section of the population.
Structural Change and Per Capita Income in Nepal: Empirical Evidences
Authors: Bhatta Guna Raj
Published: March 2023

This paper empirically examines Nepalese economic structure by applying OLS technique on the annual series of sectoral growth, population and capital related variables ranging from 1975 – 2012. The estimates obtained with due consideration of stationarity of the series including HP filter revealed that industrial sector is significant to increase per capita income compared to the agriculture and service sectors in Nepal. Moreover, health as indicated by life expectancy and population at working age are found to be substantial to increase the income but, education and capital formation are found insignificant. It is inferred that employment matters for raising per capita income, requiring employment-led growth rather mere growth of economic sub-sectors. Hence, it is needed to have balanced contribution of economic sub-sectors and their employment share to national economy along with healthy workforce to raise the per capita income.
An Examination of Nepal’s Export Choice based on Revealed Comparative Advantage
Authors: Salike Nimesh , Lu Benli
Published: March 2023

This paper examines the comparative advantage of a selection of 27 Nepal’s export products, of which 16 are extracted from the Nepal Trade Integration Strategy (NTIS 2010) list of potential priority exports. The primary purpose of this study is to investigate if these priority export products are in alignment with the concept of comparative advantage. Balassa’s revealed comparative advantage (RCA) index is used as the methodology for analysis while the data used spans from 2000 to 2011. Empirical results show that out of the 16 NTIS 2010 potential priority exports, only 10 are products which Nepal has comparative advantage in producing, major ones being pashmina, wool and agro food products. The findings also reveal that there are at least three other products- carpets, textile and juice that Nepal poses high RCA indices but are not included under NTIS 2010 priority list.
Mergers and Acquisitions of the Financial Institutions: Factors Affecting the Employee Turnover Intention
Authors: Baniya Rojan , Adhikari Sujan
Published: March 2023

A prudent analysis of the factors affecting turnover intention of the employees after mergers and acquisitions should guide the managers to prevent the fallout of employees during such complex process; the primary objective of this study is to identify those factors that influence turnover intention of the employees. Drawing from the previous studies, a conceptual framework was developed that took into account pre-merger organizational identification, procedural justice, utility with the merger, non-monetary benefits, monetary benefits, trust with merger and adequate authority delegation as variables that influence post-merger organizational identification and satisfaction with the merger. The results illustrate that pre-merger organization identification, utility with the merger, and trust with merger significantly predicted the post-merger organization identification, whereas only trust with merger significantly predicted the satisfaction with the merger. Furthermore, the study elucidates that the post-merger organizational identification could prevent the turnover intention among the employees. The findings of the study unravel sentiments of the employees during the consolidation process and provide the practitioners and the policy-makers with a base to develop an effective strategy to prevent turnover of employees during the mergers and acquisitions.
MIKROBIA PADA Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobakteri BAMBU, ALANG-ALANG DAN PISANG
Authors: Sopialena Sopialena , Sila Surya , Sofian Sofian , S Jahira
Published: March 2023

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizocbacteria (PGPR) adalah sejenis bakteri yang hidup di sekitar perakaran tanaman. Bakteri tersebut hidupnya secara berkoloni menyelimuti akar tanaman sehingga memberikan keuntungan bagi tanaman. tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis bakteri yang terdapat pada PGPR akar bambu, akar alang-alang dan akar pisang. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Hama Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Mulawarman. Isolasi bakteri PGPR dilakukan dengan mengambil sampel dari ketiga bahan larutan PGPR tersebut. Kemudian setiap sampel PGPR diambil sebanyak 2 ml dan ditumbuhkan pada media Nutrient Agar (NA) dengan metode sebar. Dari masing-masing PGPR dibuat pada 4 (empat) cawan petri, sehingga didapat sebanyak 12 isolat bakteri PGPR yang mampu tumbuh pada media tersebut. Beberapa genus yang termasuk dalam PGPR tersebut adalah Pseudomonas, Serratia, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Acetobacter, Burkholderia, Enterobacter, Rhizobium, Erwinia, Flavobacterium dan Bacillus. Masing-masing isolat rhizobacteria memiliki peranan yang penting dalam mengendalikan serangan patogen dan memicu pertumbuhan. Analisa bakteri digunakan sebagai parameter untuk mengetahui efektivitas serta potensi yang terkandung dalam bakteri tersebut.
PENGARUH JARAK TANAM SISTEM TANAM JAJAR LEGOWO TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL PADI VARIETAS INPARI IR NUTRI ZINC
Authors: Nurbani Nurbani , Pebriandi Asep
Published: March 2023

Padi varietas Inpari IR Nutri Zinc adalah padi fungsional yang memiliki kandungan zinc cukup tinggi  yang baik untuk kesehatan. Peningatan produktivitas padi dapat dilakukan dengan pengaturan populasi tanaman dengan sisatem jajar legowo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jarak tanam dengan sistem tanam jarwo 2:1 terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi padi  varietas Inpari IR Nutri Zinc. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada pada bulan Januari-Mei 2021  di Kebun Percobaan Samboja, Desa Bukit Raya Kecamatan Samboja Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 3 perlakuan (jarak tanam) menggunakan sistem tanam jajar legowo 2:1 dan diulang enam kali, yaitu JI (20 cm-40 cm) x 10 cm, J2 (25 cm-50 cm) x 12.5 cm dan J3 (30 cm-60 cm) x 15 cm. Ukuran petak yang digunakan adalah 4 m x 5 m. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan jarak tanam legowo J3 (30 cm-60 cm) x 15 cm memberikan jumlah anakan yang paling banyak yaitu 27,3 anakan serta hasil gabah kering panen paling tinggi yaitu 7,1 ton/ha dibandingkan dengan jarak tanam lainnya. Inpari IR Nutri Zinc memiliki sudut daun, batang dan daun bendera yang tegak, jumlah cabang malai sekunder yang sedikit dan tingkat kerontokan gabah yang sedang.
Avoiding Machine Learning Becoming Pseudoscience in Biomedical Research
Authors: Susanty Meredita , Puspasari Ira , Fitriah Nilam , Mahayana Dimitri , Rajab Tati Erawati Latifah , Zakaria Hasballah , Setiawan Agung Wahyu , Hertadi Rukman
Published: March 2023

The use of machine learning harbours the promise of more accurate, unbiased future predictions than human beings on their own can ever be capable of. However, because existing data sets are always utilized, these calculations are extrapolations of the past and serve to reproduce prejudices embedded in the data. In turn, machine learning prediction result raises ethical and moral dilemmas. As mirrors of society, algorithms show the status quo, reinforce errors, and are subject to targeted influences – for good and the bad. This phenomenon makes machine learning viewed as pseudoscience. Besides the limitations, injustices, and oracle-like nature of these technologies, there are also questions about the nature of the opportunities and possibilities they offer. This article aims to discuss whether machine learning in biomedical research falls into pseudoscience based on Popper and Kuhn's perspective and four theories of truth using three study cases. The discussion result explains several conditions that must be fulfilled so that machine learning in biomedical does not fall into pseudoscience
La non-reconnaissance des unions coutumières et religieuses dans le nouveau droit de la famille ivoirien : un non-respect du droit à l’égalité des femmes
Authors: Dibi Aude , Langevin Louise
Published: March 2023

En Côte d’Ivoire, la loi ne reconnait pas les mariages coutumiers et religieux, malgré une récente réforme de son droit de la famille. Ces unions sont alors régies par des règles informelles et plurielles, réputées discriminatoires à l’égard des femmes. La non-reconnaissance juridique n’a en rien freiné ces mariages qui, au contraire, prospèrent et résistent avec succès au modèle étatique en étant affranchis de toutes balises. À partir d’un cadre appliquant à la fois une approche respectueuse du pluralisme juridique et basée sur une réflexion féministe, le présent article propose une analyse qui met en lumière les interactions entre, d’une part, le rejet juridique des mariages coutumiers et religieux disqualifiés en unions de fait et, d’autre part, la condition juridique et socioéconomique précaire des femmes. C’est au nom de la prétention de l’État au monopole de la production du droit que les normes coutumières sont éjectées, et c’est au nom du pluralisme culturel des communautés ayant des engagements normatifs différents que les droits des femmes sont sacrifiés.
THE CONTENT OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THE BUTCHER’S BROOM PLANT (RUSCUS ACULEATUS L)
Authors: Gabidzashvili Manana  , Guleishvili Nino  , Inga Bochoidze
Published: March 2023

The nature of medicinal products of plant origin is determined by the content of various active components, which makes it possible to use them as therapeutic excipients in traditional medicine. The objects of the research were the roots and the ground part of butcher’s broom wild-growing in Georgia, in the active phase of vegetation: root - in November, the ground part (stem and leaves) in May. The 70% and 40% ethanol alcoholic extracts from root and herbs were prepared, 26.6 - 60.4 mg/g of total phenols were found in all four extracts; the content of flavonoids was 9.2 - 21.2 mg/g and the antioxidant activity was evaluated by the DPPH method at 24.3 - 68.2%.
FATORES INFLUENCIADORES NA LUCRATIVIDADE DA PRODUÇÃO LEITEIRA
Authors: Adams Mirtes , De Oliveira da Silva Cristiane , Scremin Grace Kelly Holtz , Both Bernardo , Salla Neusa Maria da Costa Gonçalves
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo analisou os fatores que influenciam na lucratividade na produção leiteira em pequenas propriedades rurais em um município do noroeste do RS. Para o desenvolvimento do estudo, fez-se necessário uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre os assuntos abordados neste artigo.  O artigo se apresentou como uma pesquisa aplicada e descritiva, bibliográfica, documental, ex post facto  e um estudo de caso. Diante desses fatores observados durante o estudo de caso, propôs-se, como sugestão de melhoria, que produtores leiteiros elaborem planilhas dinâmicas como forma de controlar os gastos da propriedade, deste modo identificando quais os fatores que estão interferindo na lucratividade e também garantir o retorno dos investimentos como fonte de renda. Portanto, calcular os custos de produção da forma correta é uma ferramenta importante para permitir a permanência do produtor leiteiro na atividade, porque auxilia na apuração dos gastos e, principalmente, na apuração da lucratividade real esperada na sua produção.