bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Architecture of Pilgrimage: Sacred Site and Sacred Self in the Quest for Meaning
Authors:   , Loader Fran
Published: November 2021

As an historic cultural phenomenon that has been practiced throughout the globe for centuries, from ancient Greeks through to Vietnam veterans, the practise of pilgrimage has undergone a renaissance in the last few decades. This revival has seen the definition of pilgrimage re-examined and re-evaluated in terms that reflect the contemporary positions of religion and spirituality in society. It is up to the individual now to decide what they consider to be sacred and where they will find value and meaningfulness (Reader, 2007). As one of the oldest forms of seeking meaning and meaningfulness, pilgrimage is intimately connected with the human need and desire to become "complete embodied and spiritual beings" (Pallasmaa, 2005). So too is architecture concerned with our ability to find and occupy a meaningful existence. Yet the relationship between architecture and pilgrimage hasn't yet been explored in a meaningful manner. By exploring the concept of pilgrimage, this research aims at demonstrating how pilgrimage can be used to anchor meaning and meaningfulness in architecture. This aim is investigated though the design of a hospice facility. Architecture and pilgrimage are both concerned with humanity's search and desire for meaning and meaningfulness; pilgrimage, as a metaphor for life and as the physical act of journeying in order to find meaning; architecture and its ability to allow us to have, be and create meaningful experiences within our everyday lives.
Opening New Pathways for Development: An Exploration into Community Economies
Authors:   , Rushton Renee
Published: November 2021

This research explores community economies as a way of practicing development differently. The community economy framework has arisen out of post-development critiques which highlight how some development practices have discursively and practically created linear understandings of economic development. In contrast, the community economy framework involves highlighting the many economic practices and community assets that currently sustain people and suggests that multiple possible pathways to improved wellbeing can be imagined from these local beginnings. The approach seeks to prioritise neither local nor foreign practices, but encourages critical public discussion around which activities could be built on to improve community wellbeing. This research draws on my experiences engaging with the communities of San Miguel and Yachakay in Bolivia between March and June 2010, and contributes to the dialogue on the community economy approach as a way to practice development. I have explored how this process of negotiating research in the field affects research outcomes. Throughout the process of exploring community economies I faced a number of challenges in negotiating the research in the field. This thesis is grounded in feminist and indigenous methodological approaches that recommend the researcher seek ways to transfer power and benefits to the researched in locally relevant ways. Yet very few works address the process of negotiation required to achieve this. My experience shows that by uncovering this often glossed over process, insights can be gained into the complex ways the researched assert power in research contexts, and thus assert power over research outcomes. This research explores the viability of researching community economies within a Masters framework. My approach in San Miguel involved collecting data though semi-structured interviews, informal conversations and a reflective research journal. However my research in San Miguel was cut short. In the new location, Yachakay, I added a Participatory Action Research approach to my methodological tool kit. Other attempts to build community economies have involved significant budgets, experience and community engagement periods. While my approaches to building community economies in Bolivia were restricted by the relatively short Masters thesis timeframe, limited funding and my novice researcher status, the experience was not completely fruitless. I believe that benefits were gained both by researched and researcher through this exploration of community economies.
The Missionary as Cultural Mediator: Alexander Don and the Chinese and European Communities in New Zealand
Authors:   , Tysoe Luke Stephen
Published: November 2021

Missionaries to China, by virtue of their positions and knowledge, frequently became important channels of information between cultures. They transmitted Christianity and Western learning to Chinese people while simultaneously describing China to home audiences through their writings and public speaking. This thesis examines how Alexander Don, Presbyterian missionary to the New Zealand Chinese in Otago from 1879 to 1913, performed similar functions as a "cultural mediator". For most of his career, Don was one of the most significant links between Chinese and European people in New Zealand. He developed a relationship with the Chinese community while simultaneously describing Chinese culture to Europeans in his published reports. While Don's missionary career has been extensively documented, there have been no studies of his significance from the perspective of cross-cultural dialogue and exchange. In this thesis I will discuss the ways that Don acted as a cultural mediator, as well as the factors that impelled him to do so. I will make an in-depth investigation of Don's presentation of Chinese culture to European readers through his mission reports, and how this image changed over the course of his career. The picture Don painted was both motivated and influenced by his mission aims, his growing understanding of Chinese culture, and his developing rapport with Chinese people. In order to demonstrate that Don was unique as a cultural mediator in New Zealand, I will compare him to other sources of information on Chinese culture. It will be shown that he provided very different data and opinions from those conveyed by secular writers and authors, and that his descriptions were generally more detailed than those of other missionaries to the New Zealand Chinese and New Zealand missionaries in China. Don will also be compared to more well-known China missionaries, in order to show that he was similar to them in terms of educating Westerners about the East. Finally, I will weigh the impact of Don's cultural mediation activities. Although he gained few converts, he played a crucial role in improving Sino-European understanding and relations. In the final analysis, Don had a greater impact in these areas than he did in the field of evangelism.
The City is a Stage: Innovation beyond the Theatre Space
Authors:   , Courtney Sarah
Published: November 2021

"[The] product of architecture can at least partly be understood as an endless live performance" (Van Berkel & Bos, 2008 , p. 135). As central cities such as Wellington become more event orientated, there is a greater need for a network of innovative performance venues (temporary or permanent) to meet public demand. The existing theatre spaces within Wellington are currently limited in size and the spaces are difficult to adapt to meet the needs of different performances. The thesis investigates this problem. The thesis proposes to develop a network of multifunctional performance spaces outside traditional theatre spaces in areas which are generally used as high activity public spaces and thoroughfares. This will result in not only new opportunities for theatre design and new types of adaptive performance, but, as performance is removed from a traditionally controlled environment, it will create urban spaces that are multi-functional and a better fit for a variety of experiences and uses. Several precedents are analysed with regard to the creation of new boundaries and multiple functionalities in a more contemporary setting. Public realm typologies are also explored for their capacity to be blended in form and function to create hybrid, multi-functional spaces. The resulting design strategy is applied in a series of design experiments to the selected subject site on Wellington’s waterfront. The experiments are then evaluated to aid in the development of an appropriate outdoor theatre network that will enliven the city and encourage performers to create a new style of theatre. The proposed design is developed from and through the research, and will benefit Wellington for many reasons. Firstly, the design will produce greater adaptability and permeability of the performance space in Wellington. Secondly, because theatres in Wellington are currently disengaged from their surrounding context, the proposed building will have a strong indoor/outdoor connection that encourages the use of diverse performance in and around the building. Thirdly, by placing the building in or near circulation paths, it will provide an interactive and engaging space for audiences.
Challenging Narrative Hierarchies: Embedded Narrative Structure in David Mitchell's Cloud Atlas and Mark Danielewski's House of Leaves
Authors:   , Waldron Samuel James
Published: November 2021

Mark Z. Danielewski's House of Leaves and David Mitchell's Cloud Atlas both feature highly complex structures of narrative embedding. This thesis examines the use of narrative levels in these two novels, considering how the purposes and effects of embedding change and how attention to the structure of this literary device transforms readings of these texts. Cloud Atlas features six distinct and seemingly stand-alone embedded narratives. The relationship between them is complicated both by competing structural models and by clashes of continuity between fact and fiction. Mitchell's novel draws attention to the role of storytelling in the creation of history and human identity. House of Leaves embeds an invented film within a novel masquerading as film criticism, with edits and commentary provided by a further narrator. The disparate parts, narratorial unreliability, and multiple acts of remediation serve to undermine the elaborate narrative hierarchy Danielewski creates. This instability foregrounds the subjectivity of the relationship between reader and text and the embedding narrator functions as a model for the active reader who both interprets and recreates. In both novels the differently styled narratives and structures of embedding facilitate an exploration of the permutations of fact and fiction and, by transgressing the norms of this literary device, they bring into focus the assumptions that exist around it.
An Exploration of the Relationship between TEACCH and a Music Therapy Student's Practice in a Special Education Setting
Authors:   , Algie Philippa
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore how aspects of Schopler's TEACCH (Treatment and Education of Autistic and related Communication Handicapped Children) might be related to music therapy practice, using my own practice in an attached unit at a public primary school in New Zealand as a guide. Using a deductive exploratory research approach, I investigated whether and to what extent themes drawn from TEACCH literature were also evident in my music therapy data. This approach can also be described as secondary analysis of data. That is, clinical data relating to individual and group music therapy sessions with children who have autism was subjected to a process of thematic analysis to answer the research question. The TEACCH philosophy advocates a structured teaching approach in order to support students with autism to develop independence and skills for self management. This study finds that many elements of music therapy practice are closely linked to TEACCH values. Results from the study show that many TEACCH strategies align with fundamental aspects of music therapy, but the frequency and consistency of these similarities can vary due to the diverse strengths and needs of individuals with autism. As the process of comparing the TEACCH literature to my clinical practice developed and changed, some aspects of TEACCH became more integrated within my music therapy practice. The study also highlights the importance of balancing structure and freedom within the work and how musical structure or form can link with TEACCH strategies.
P(a)lace of Consumption: Architecture, the Revitalisation of Space through Shopping Mall Design Principles
Authors:   , Blue Zachary
Published: November 2021

Architecture can be regarded as both a product for the retail environment and as a medium which can influence change in contemporary society. Within the context of the retail environment, architecture becomes intrinsically associated with the concepts of business sustainability because of the needs from investors challenging the needs of the public. Business sustainability within the retail environment is concerned with the success of the tenants occupying the investors' assets whilst the architectural sustainability focuses upon the public acceptance of the space that is transformed once being constructed and in the future. Furthermore, the architecture within the retail environment encapsulates the utilisation of space, crime and neglect prevention, retail attractiveness and targeting users through urban design principles. The research identifies the gap between the urban design principles and the individual business success within the inner-city. This thesis explores the coordination of the urban design principles and shopping mall design principles upon the existing urban fabric which is set to revitalise and improve dilapidated areas within the Wellington inner-city. This is to not only improve the retail location, but also the residential environment which is ever increasing. The shopping mall design principles have been integrated into the retail urban fabric and as the research states, shopping mall design is more successful than the individual street retail by improving the productivity of the businesses as well as allowing a higher grade of space to be created with the additional income and mutual design motivation. Although the shopping mall design principles are traditionally implemented upon a single ownership environment and as such allows a decision to be made through a single official, the inner-city is filled with multiple owners upon the one site which adds limitations to the design that can be manipulated. As such, this thesis designs as though the site is organised under a collective, allowing a common goal to be achieved. The important successful shopping mall design principles have been segregated into four clusters; anchors, configuration, interior aesthetic and control. These clusters combined with the common urban design principles allow the individual small business owners to challenge the large-scale retail businesses putting them out of business. Also, national and international urban and shopping mall precedents have been analysed as showing physical representations of the research studied in the literature review. The design being placed upon a dilapidated area within the Wellington inner-city the success of the design case study will determine the future success of the idea migrating into other areas of Wellington's inner-city. The idea that beginning the concept in the worst case scenario would allow the design to act as a catalyst for growth into already established market areas such as Cuba Street and Courtenay Place.
The Use of Music Therapy to Support Speech and Expressive Language Development for Pre-School Children with Special Needs
Authors:   , Ludlam Shari K.
Published: November 2021

Client-centred music therapy with individual pre-school children, involving playful but focused songs, behaviours and instrumental play, can enhance their speech and expressive language development. Four constructs were inductively created using the principles of grounded theory to represent how music therapy was used to support speech and expressive language development for pre-school children with special needs. Secondary analysis was undertaken of qualitative data drawn from usual clinical practice including clinical notes, reflective journal, audiovisual recordings, and notes from communications regarding two children from a student music therapist's caseload at a specialist centre in New Zealand. A case vignette is presented to illustrate these four meaningful constructs of individual music therapy and concepts that constitute each are presented, along with sample quotations from the data, and are theoretically integrated within wider music therapy literature. A tree model was used to capture these findings, which further suggested 'playfulness' may be a central aspect of the work. Implications for my developing and future clinical practice of music therapy are discussed, along with directions indicated for future research.
Selected facets of the fishing industry (early 1963)
Authors:   , McCann Ewen Bruce Macpherson
Published: November 2021

Consumer demand, retail distribution and the export trade are important aspects of the New Zealand Commercial Fishery which are outside the specific boundaries of this enquiry. It is a study in government intervention, price negotiation and supply. In analysing these three facets of the industry it was impossible to ignore the other three so they have been treated incidentally where a discussion of them was necessary to understand the central theme. There is scope for additional research into each of the above topics, perhaps more especially into administrative decision making when non economic objectives are involved and also into the optimum scale of plant given the cost conditions that apply to the industry. However, it is hoped that this essay goes part of the way towards meeting the need for fundamental economic research into an industry which periodically attracts the attention of the public, policy makers and Government. Parliament has set up three committees in the past twenty-six years to examine the industry.
Diagrams in Architecture: An Examination of Diagram Based Design Methods in Contemporary Urban Architecture Projects
Authors:   , Shields Fraser
Published: November 2021

This research explores the relationship between the use of diagrams in architectural production and an architectural outcome which redefines conventional relationships between urban built form and open space. Several prominent architecture practices whose design methodologies are based extensively on diagrams produce architectural outcomes which relate to their surrounding physical context in unusual ways, presenting alternative solutions to conventional urban design principles and representing an emerging trend in urban design. A variety diagram types are utilised in different ways in the design processes of these key 'diagrammatic' practices. Design proposals responding to the same brief examine the architectural and urban design outcomes of different types of diagram use. Two different diagrammatic design methodologies are executed, producing two design proposals for a complex mixed use development in central Wellington. Each diagrammatic design methodology has different implications for the relationships between built form and open space by emphasising different factors in the design process and progressing differently from diagram into built form. One method emphasises continuity and connection, thereby minimising the typical distinctions between built form and open space. The other method emphasises a strict functional logic to produce unusual programmatic organisations which create ambiguity between the building's inside and outside. Instrumentalising diagrams in the design process aids in the management of the project's complexities, allows the design to develop in an abstract manner, and presents the often unusual design outcomes on the basis of an underlying functional logic, thereby providing a significant contribution to the realisation of new architectural and urban design solutions.
Design for Smart Transport: An Integrated Multi-Modal Transport Interchange in Central Christchurch
Authors:   , Moh Joey
Published: November 2021

Transportation, an essential component of modern life, is responsible for one of the biggest growth  areas of our greenhouse gas emissions which causes problem for our environment and the economy. New  Zealand cities face the same issues as many other cities in the globalised world. This thesis  analyses the integration of all the public transport systems to encourage people to get out of the  car and reduce the traffic volume within the city centre to develop with the aim of developing a  sustainable city towards the future. Drivers in New Zealand believe commuter stress could be  significantly reduced by improving public transport. The design calls for a new central transport  interchange for all the public transport systems within Christchurch city to form a spectacular  gateway to the city. The aim of the design is to create a unified urban structure in which diverse  infrastructural and public elements merge together to form one building. The outcome of this research identifies a strong future for a public transport interchange, but  states that its physical and organisational form needs to be re-established. It finds that  technology and architecture offer new opportunities useful for reinterpreting the typology. The  thesis concludes that future public transport interchanges will become hybrids of activity, and  places where the threads of urban life are joined together. The interchanges can become a major  catalyst of urban regeneration - a focus for commerce and the flow of ideas as well as the movement of people.
Ngāti Tāwhaki ki Ngāpūtahi: A View on Enabling Their Social Architecture
Authors:   , O'Toole James Michael Séamus
Published: November 2021

Socially Responsible Architecture is the way in which an architect practices architecture, but more so the way in which they relate and integrate their clients. This thesis explores the nature of a socially responsible architecture through a series of social interactions with the people of Ngāti Tāwhaki ki Ngāpūtahi. Aiming to understand what are the most appropriate design decisions for their architecture and their hapū's future.  This thesis is chronologically taught by real people (the clients of the project) and the lessons learnt through my social interaction with these clients are attributed to the main contention of this thesis, Social Architecture. The design decision-making process for a newly proposed marae at Ngāpūtahi, in Te Urewera, is the means to which I understand how this process differs from mainstream or conventional architectural practice. The means to which I understand what the most appropriate way of practicing this architecture is through an understanding of Kaupapa Māori theory but more so understanding my clients through the relationships that I have formed with them.  Within this thesis the nature of these relationships and the way in which they originated are explored. It is an exploration into not only the nature of this architectural project but also an exploration into how my contentions about the nature of this socially responsible architecture developed. Thus a personal insight into how my learning developed throughout the process.
The Lost, Erased, Unseen and Forgotten: Translating into Architecture the New Zealand Wars
Authors:   , Shaw Geordie
Published: November 2021

There is a perception amongst New Zealanders that our country was forged at Waitangi in 1840 with a shaking of hands and pressing together of noses. However, in actuality it emerged from a drawn out war of fear and unrest; four million acres of land was confiscated and thousands died fighting on it. Hills, valleys, fields and plains were soaked with blood from Wairau to Kororāreka . Today these sites still hold the memory of those fallen, but the New Zealand Wars and their implications now seem a distant haze on our nations consciousness. The wars have become lost, erased, unseen and forgotten. The New Zealand Army Museum in Waiouru is the building on which I focus a critique of our past and present approaches to architecture. Creating an extension to this museum forms the design component of my thesis – the new building housing the museum's overshadowed New Zealand Wars collection. The methodology involved researching and choosing specific stories from the full spectrum of the New Zealand Wars. Concepts, architectural languages and elements are then translated and collaged into a new building. The hope for this synthesis is that it will reveal our untold and unseen history through architecture, that it might represent and communicate something of our past to us; helping to [re?] construct our national identity.
Life Lessons from the Landscape: Spatial Education for Earthquake Preparedness
Authors:   , McGavock Samantha Kate
Published: November 2021

Architecture can be conceived and designed as an active participant in enhancing awareness of the prevalence of seismic activity by illuminating the unremitting transformation of the landscape and providing places where interaction is focussed around seismic issues. The continued awareness of changes to our landscape, potential loss of life, property, and national cultural or historical artefacts is an important means by which future preparedness can be encouraged. This thesis argues that an awareness of the message to safeguard one's future and one's family's futures could be understood through a spatial experience. This thesis proposes an architectural approach for seismically active contexts using a specific site – a recreational reserve called Harcourt Park in Upper Hutt – as a design research case study. The site is of great geological significance to the Wellington region and New Zealand as its natural landmarks can be used to measure and publicly witness the direct effects of seismic movement along the Wellington Fault line which runs through the centre of the site. The thesis uses architecture to transform the site into a living memorial, which recognises the past devastating earthquakes in New Zealand and provides for the commemoration of losses from future damaging earthquakes should public preparedness not improve. The architecture also functions as an earthquake education facility and geologist research facility in order to enhance the educational experience of the site. The intention of the thesis is to use architecture as a means of actively enhancing public awareness of the need to understand and prepare for the effects of seismic activity.
Curious Architecture: Felines, Stairs and Human Affairs: What Is Architecture Made Of?
Authors:   , Penwell Jaq
Published: November 2021

The presence and reconciliation of the poetic with the pragmatic is deemed essential if any constructed endeavour in our built environment is to be termed architecture. This thesis argues that if architecture is that which offers us the ability to inhabit space and create place via the deliberate instigation of spatial, sensory, physical, emotional, spiritual and intellectual experience that engages us, communicates meaning and supports our lives beneficially, then architects do not currently and have not considered the stair historically, to be architecture. This thesis posits that historically and contemporaneously architects have treated and continue to treat the stair as either a pragmatic but tiresome necessity to be afforded as little attention as possible or as a kind of object-plaything that if it must be present, should be exploited for its visual qualities and symbolic connotations, no matter how fanciful or how meaningless the results. This thesis argues that as a result of these paradoxical but equally superficial treatments, and the length of time over which we have subjected the stair to them, its nature is now so indeterminate that not only do we as architects not question this treatment, we no longer even notice it. It is argued that the consequences of this indifference are the loss of opportunity to identify and examine the potential of the stair to offer us architectural, in the sense of inhabitory, experience of worth and meaning. The aim of this thesis therefore is to demonstrate that the stair, when examined from the perspective of place, rather than just space, offers many possibilities with regard to meaningful inhabitation. This is achieved through the use of two methods. A historical investigation and analysis is first conducted to trace, document and explain the development and use of the stair, to understand the causes for our superficial treatment of it, the stair's consequent indeterminate existence at the present time, and our apparent indifference to this. The knowledge gained is used to inform the second method of investigation, that of devising and conducting a series of design experiments aimed at apprehending the stair from the position of architecture as inhabitable place. The experiments demonstrate an alternative approach to consideration of the stair that reveal its unrealised potential to contribute to meaningful architectural, inhabitory, experience, and so enrich our day to day lives.
Intention in Intervention: A Philosophical, Theoretical and Empirical Exploration
Authors:   , Velez-Castiblanco Jorge
Published: November 2021

This thesis seeks to explore the role of agent or 'user' intention in the fields of Management Science and Systems Thinking. Primarily through the use of various modelling approaches these fields seek to provide assistance to organisational stakeholders who are looking to intervene in situations with a view to dealing with problems and/or bringing about some form of 'improvement'. Although the literature acknowledges that the various methodologies, techniques and tools of MS/ST can be used flexibly depending upon user intention, to date, intention itself has not been the subject of detailed investigation. The thesis seeks to plug this gap in the literature. In exploring intention in some detail the thesis interlinks philosophy, theory and empirical work. The philosophical and theoretical components allow us to conceptualise intention and better understand how it might work in concrete settings. The empirical component, conducted with a team of action researchers, grounds the discussion in practice. The main proposition of the thesis is that intention is a dual-sided phenomenon, i.e. "we do things intentionally, and we intend to do things" (Bratman, 1997). Thus intention has a present and a future side. The research reported on through the thesis shows how, through language and actions, both sides of intention can significantly shape the nature of interventions. This being the case, the value of the work is that it provides new ways of accounting for and learning from interventions; in particular, it provides new frameworks for practitioners to better reflect on and guide their actions.
"We Never Knew": The Differences between Museum History and Academic History Explored through an Exhibition of the New Zealand Wars
Authors:   , Hocking Elspeth
Published: November 2021

Public history and academic history have been viewed both as opposites, two practices related only by their concern with sharing the past, as well as conceptualised as similar fields with close connections to each other. Museum history exhibitions are an obvious example of public history in action. However, is the history that exhibitions present all that different from what is produced in the academy, or is this history academia in another form? Initially this dissertation aimed to explore the relationships between academic and public histories as discipline and practice, assuming a relationship rather than divide between the two fields as suggested in some of the literature. However, the eventual results of the research were different than expected, and suggested that in fact public histories manifest very differently to academic histories within a museum context. Using an adapted ethnographic research methodology, this dissertation traces the development of a single history exhibition, "Te Ahi Kā Roa, Te Ahi Kātoro Taranaki War 1860–2010: Our Legacy – Our Challenge", from its concept development to opening day and onwards to public programmes. This exhibition opened at Puke Ariki in New Plymouth in March 2010, and was a provocative display not only of the history of the wars themselves, but of the legacy of warfare in the Taranaki community. Other methods include partially structured interviews which were conducted with ten people involved in creating this exhibition, who outlined their roles in its production and provided their views on its development, and also a brief analysis of the broader social and historical context in which the exhibition was staged. Through tracing the creation of this history, the findings suggested that the history produced at Puke Ariki is a history in its own right, with noticeable differences from academic histories. The strongest correlation between public and academic history in this instance was the shared aspiration to be rigorous in conducting research and, as far as possible, to create an accurate portrayal of the past. Otherwise the history created by Puke Ariki through the exhibition proved to be different in that it was deliberately designed to be very accessible, and it utilised a number of presentation modes, including objects, text, audiovisual and sound. It was interactive, and had a clear aim of enabling the audience to participate in a discussion about the history being presented. Finally, it was a highly politicised history, in that decision making had to be negotiated with source communities in a collaborative fashion, and issues of censorship worked through with the council, a major funding source. The dissertation concludes that producing history in a museum context is a dynamic and flexible process, and one that can be successful despite not necessarily following theoretical models of exhibition development.
Teaching Children with Developmental Disabilities to Operate Portable Media Players for Leisure and Learning Purposes
Authors:   , Kagohara Debora Morita
Published: November 2021

Social, communication, academic, and leisure skills are important for healthy development and a productive life. Individuals with developmental disabilities, however, have impairments that may affect their ability to acquire these skills or may not have had the opportunity to learn them. Compared to peers, these individuals may require additional or modified instruction to acquire new skills. A number of teaching techniques have been examined in the special education literature but as new technology, such as portable devices, become available, further research is needed to examine the effectiveness of interventions employing this new technology.  The studies in this thesis examined the use of portable multimedia devices like the iPod Touch® and iPad® in combination with video modelling to teach leisure, academic and social skills to individuals with developmental disabilities. In the first two studies, students with severe intellectual disability were shown a video modelling instruction on an iPod Touch teaching them to operate the same iPod to watch video clips and listen to music. In the third study, a video modelling instruction was presented on an iPad to teach two students with Asperger syndrome how to use the spell-check function on a computer word processor. In the final study, a Social StoryTM presentation and a video modelling segment were presented on an iPad to demonstrate to two students with Asperger syndrome how to greet adults at school.  An important aspect of these studies is that they afforded some degree of self-determination to the students by giving them a chance to have an input in the learning process (e.g. whether they would like to participate, how they prefer to learn, their favourite stimuli). Self-determination has been linked to a better quality of life and more positive academic, leisure, and independent living outcomes. Interventions promoting self-determination for individuals with intellectual disabilities and autism are, therefore, paramount. The data from all studies suggest video modelling and portable devices can be successfully used to teach a range of skills to children with developmental disabilities. The devices were not only effective as teaching tools but also provided the participants with opportunities for leisure activities. The use of portable technology allowed for efficient intervention delivery and may have had the additional advantage of being motivating to the participants. The studies also illustrate how the same procedures can be successfully used to teach children with lower and higher cognitive abilities.
A Comparative Study of Plasma Proteins from Twenty-Nine Species of Albatrosses And Petrels (Order Procellariiformes)
Authors:   , Harper Peter C
Published: November 2021

The plasma proteins of 29 species of albatrosses and petrels were electrophoretically separated in acrylamide gels to clarify relationships at the species-group to family-group levels. Little in the resulting data from 472 birds seriously contests the present classification of the Procellariiformes; much of the biochemical evidence supports, confirms, and clarifies the proposals of conventional taxonomic methodology. The biochemical data give fresh insights into the interrelationships of procellariiform taxa, and highlight intriguing new problems. Sex, season, age, and other sources of non-genetic protein variation are insignificant for taxonomic purposes. Proteins of comparable value include the transferrins, some α and β globulins, albumins, prealbumins, and non-specific esterases. Genetic variations in the mobility of these proteins are useful at the genus-group level and below. Other proteins are monomorphic at genus and family level, and three are monomorphic in both number and mobility throughout the Procellariiformes; these are useful reference points for calibrating samples on different gels. One conspicuous α protein is absent in the Hydrobatidae but present in all other families; the implications of this are discussed. Polymorphic proteins at the population or species level were not detected; this conspicuous phylogenetic conservatism is discussed with regard to its possible evolutionary significance. Following a summary of the protein data; three categories of, defined probability statements, based on the biochemical and other evidence, allow speculative comment on the evolutionary relationships and history of the taxa within the Procellariiformes. The value of further biochemical research into the marine birds is emphasised.
Moving Museums: Incorporating Contemporary Dance in New Zealand Museums
Authors:   , Murgatroyd Naiomi
Published: November 2021

Dance has been used historically in museums in both exhibitions and public programmes. These events provide opportunities for museums to collaborate with performing arts institutions. Incorporating contemporary dance in New Zealand museums poses a number of challenges for both the dance company and for the museum; however it can provide a unique and rewarding visitor experience. There has been little research into the use of contemporary dance in the museum environment, or the practicalities of holding such events. The impact of dance performances on the museum visitor has also been neglected. This case study of a contemporary dance company performing in a New Zealand museum investigates the relationship between the two organisations and the impact the performance had on the visitor. Ten interviews were conducted with museum staff, dance company staff and one audience member. This case study provides insight into the relationship between the two institutions as well as the visitor experience. It was found that significant practical and financial barriers could potentially prevent both the dance company and the museum from holding dance events. Key areas of concern in organising this event were safety, communication and measuring the success of the event. A strong relationship between the institutions and open channels of communication between the staff involved allowed for practical solutions to these issues. The connection between the dance work and the museum exhibition space was questioned by visitors, who did not overtly see a link between the two despite the artistic intentions of the dance company. Nonetheless meaning was taken from the piece in less direct ways. Firstly, visitors generated meaning from the social aspects of their visit. Secondly, they found meaning in the physical environment of the museum.
The Struggle for Imperial Preferential Trade, 1887-1917, with Particular Reference to New Zealand
Authors:   , Galloway Ian Thomas
Published: November 2021

The years 1887-1917 were years of continuous efforts to reconcile seeming irreconcilables in the economic sphere of relations between Great Britain and those of her self-governing colonies who were rapidly attaining to nationhood: Canada, the Australian and South African colonies, and New Zealand. Simply stated the problem on the one side was how the Mother Country could satisfy the demands of these colonies for some preference to their exports, when to do so would involve her in a fiscal revolution. She stood firmly, with almost religious fervour by the tenets of free trade, and to advocate any radical change would be a policy of political suicide for any party which adopted it as its platform. At the time she was the leader of the world's commerce, a fact that she attributed to the very free trade policy which the colonies would overthrow. From the colonial point of view, the problem was to meet what appeared to them, a growing threat to their own exports by those foreign powers, mainly Germany and America, who through a policy of protection were keeping British products out of their own markets, and who through subsidies and differential rates were able to undersell the colonies on the Home market. These same foreign powers, in spite of colonial protective tariffs, were able to compete with the small local industries, and in many cases could undersell the the produce of the Mother Country in the colonies. The answer which the colonies seized eagerly upon and fought so long and strenuously for, was an imperial preferential trade. Immediately, however, they were faced with the fact that the portion of the Empire most concerned, namely Britain, refused to change her fiscal system for a policy which she considered unnecessary and inimical to her own interests.
Hyperfine Interactions in Organic Fragments
Authors:   , Bailey John Patrick Macarthur
Published: November 2021

This thesis, the first thesis in theoretical chemistry submitted for the degree of Master of Science at Victoria University of Wellington, has been designed to illustrate two alternative approaches to theoretical studies. The first five chapters illustrate the modern use of operator methods; the last two are concerned mainly with molecular orbital calculations for large organic molecules, using a giant high speed electronic computer. I am deeply indebted to Mr Keith Morris, of the Applied Mathematics Division, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, for his generous and highly competent help in writing computing programs, and operating computers, at all odd hours of the day and night, for the calculations in this thesis. I would also like to thank Dr R.M. Golding, for useful discussions, and the Director, Applied Mathematics Division, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, for making computing facilities available.
Basin Analysis of Tertiary Strata in Golden Bay, Nelson
Authors:   , Leask William Leslie
Published: November 2021

Eocene to Miocene strata comprise the Brunner Coal Measures (Ak-Ld), Takaka Limestone (Ld-Po), Tarakohe Mudstone (P1-S1) and Waitui Sandstone (Sc-Sl), and form a transgressive-regressive sequence on an essentially stable structural platform. Brunner Coal Measures in the Takaka valley (up to 350m thick) consist of cross-bedded sand and gravel, interlaminated sand and silt, bioturbated muddy sandstone, carbonaceous mudstone and coal. Five facies associations are recognized and interpreted as river/floodbasin, estuarine and shallow marine deposits. In the Aorere and Parapara River catchments, two new members are recognized: the Quartz Wash Member, comprising quartzose sand and conglomerate, and the Washbourn Limonite Member, a sedimentary iron-ore deposit. The Takaka Limestone (up to 100m thick), consists of bryozoan, bivalve or sandy grainstone or packstone, deposited on a tidal current-swept shallow-middle shelf with minimal terrigenous influx. Diagenesis was controlled by pressure-solution during deep burial, and resulted in a rightly cemented rock with dolomite and neomorphic features. The Tarakohe Mudstone (up to 900m thick) is dominated in its lower half by massive mudstone of hemipelagic and turbiditic origin, and in its upper half by shallow shelf-estuarine sandstones and mudstones. The Waitui Sandstone (160m thick) comprises shallow marine sandstone. Deposition of the Brunner Coal Measures took place in localized fault-angle depressions. The Takaka Limestone was deposited during a period of regional subsidence and minimal tectonic activity. The Tarakohe Mudstone and Waitui Sandstone were deposited in synclinal basins which were later modified by rising monoclinal boundaries.
Understanding Workplace Interpersonal Mistreatment in the NZ Military: Structure, Antecedents and Consquences
Authors:   , Ballantyne Kimberley Eve
Published: November 2021

This thesis describes the development and testing of a theoretically plausible model of antecedents and consequences of workplace interpersonal mistreatment using archival data (n = 10697) of civilian and military employees. The sample was split into calibration and validation samples. Principle component and confirmatory factor analysis revealed a complex structure for the workplace interpersonal mistreatment construct across three types of behaviour, and across observed and experienced mistreatment. Furthermore, a total of 17 robust factors were identified in the survey, of which a subset of eight factors was used for developing the model of antecedents and consequences of WIM. The model was tested and refined using regression and structural equation modelling in two samples and validated in a third sample. Individual (seniority), workplace (directive leadership, equity and diversity climate, and health and safety climate) and organisational features (aligned-cohesive culture, service culture) all predict mistreatment. Outcomes of mistreatment include stress, organisational commitment, job satisfaction and leaving intentions. The model showed good fit in the validation sample and is therefore likely to generalise to the population. Implications for organisations and recommendations for future research are discussed.