bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prognosis of Laparoscopic Surgery for Colorectal Cancer in Middle-Aged Patients: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis
Authors: Bao Feng , Wu Li-rong , Deng Zhi-gang , Xiang Chun-hua , Li Guo-qiang , Zhi Xing , Liu Wen , Wang Dong , Xian-yu Jian-bo , Shang Jianying
Published: April 2021

Background: The prognosis of middle-aged patients with CRC treated by laparoscopic resection (LR) is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the survival outcomes of LR compared with open resection (OR) for patients with CRC and 45-65 years of age.Methods: This retrospective cohort study used the data from a database of all consecutive colorectal resections performed between January 2009 and December 2017. Propensity score matching (PSM) was done to handle the selection bias based on age, gender, body mass index (BMI), tumor location, AJCC stage, and admission year. Univariate and multivariate COX regression model was used to identify risk factors of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).Results: After PSM, 217 patients were included in each group. There were no differences in OS and PFS between the two groups (all P>0.05). There was less blood loss for LR (P<0.001), but the other complications were similar between the two groups. The multivariate analysis showed that high histological grade (hazard ratio [HR]=2.262, 95%CI: 1.334-3.836, P=0.002), stage III (HR=1.744, 95%CI: 2.360-25.406, P=0.001), stage IV (HR=47.905, 95%CI: 14.430-159.033, P<0.001), and adjuvant therapy (HR=0.547, 95%CI: 0.358-0.838, P=0.006) were independently associated with OS. High preoperative CEA (HR=1.585, 95%CI: 1.049-2.394, P=0.029), high histological grade (HR=2.128, 95%CI: 1.272-3.558, P=0.004), stage III (HR=5.562, 95%CI: 1.980-15.624, P=0.001), and stage IV (HR=26.338, 95%CI: 9.090-76.315, P<0.001), were independently associated with OS. LR was not associated with OS and PFS.Conclusions: In middle-aged patients with CRC, OR and LR have similar survival outcomes and complications.
Targeting autophagy with hydroxychloroquine potentiates ponatinib- and axitinib-induced cell death in BCR-ABL T315I-containing CML
Authors: han biqing , Yao Dandan , Jiang Yongfang , Chen Liyan , Zhou Shuqiu , Li Jingjing , Wang Limengmeng , Fu Shan , Lin Yu , Huang He , Dai Haibin
Published: April 2021

Purpose

Because of the dose-dependent increased risk of cardiovascular events we tried to lower the dose of ponatinib without reducing its efficacy in the treatment of BCR-ABL T315I-containing CML. Combination with hydroxychloroquine can enhance the efficiency of ponatinib and axitinib through autophagy inhibition in CML cell with T315I.
Methods

Cell viability, cell cycle, cellular senescence, formation of cell clones and apoptosis assay were taken to test the efficiency of medicine. Lentiviral vectors containing shRNA was used to block autophagy and to verify the mechanism of the medicine. Establish tumor models in nude mice, and verify the experimental results in vivo.
Results

ponatinib and axitinib killed 32Dp210-T315I cells as well as inducing autophagy, which promoted their survival under pressure from TKIs. By inhibiting autophagy, HCQ enhanced the killing effect of ponatinib and axitinib on 32Dp210-T315I cells. In vivo HCQ also enhanced the killing effect of axitinib on 32Dp210-T315I cells.
Conclusion

HCQ combined with ponatinib may be a new strategy for treating CML and ALL that harbor the T315I mutation. Thus, this combination may make it possible to reduce the dose of ponatinib and reduce its side effects without compromising efficacy.
Exploring the use of Circumsporozoite Protein (CSP) as Diagnostic Biomarker for Specific Detection of Plasmodium Knowlesi
Authors: Tan Jia Hui , Lau Yee Ling
Published: April 2021

BackgroundMalaria has been a public health concern for many years. People living in Southeast Asia are now threatened by Plasmodium knowlesi infection which can cause severe complications if not treated immediately. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) targeting at P. knowlesi infection is essential for rapid diagnosis especially in resource limited settings. In this study, circumsporozoite protein (CSP) was assessed using in silico analysis and antibody detection approach to act as a P. knowlesi diagnostic biomarker in RDTs.MethodsAnimal ethics approval was obtained for animal immunization work. Two peptide epitopes specific for P. knowlesi CSP (PkCSP) were identified from amino acid sequence alignment and were used as immunogen to raise antibodies in animal models. The reactivity of the anti-peptide antiserums was evaluated against recombinant PkCSP using Western Blot assays. Results Mouse anti-peptide antiserum generated was able to react with recombinant PkCSP. Western blot assay showed that the mouse anti-peptide antiserum did not probe on any protein in P. knowlesi total protein extract, indicating the absence of PkCSP in the erythrocytic stage. This finding was further confirmed by using anti-recombinant PkCSP antiserum raised in mice models. ConclusionOur study has demonstrated that CSP is not suitable to be used as a diagnostic biomarker for P. knowlesi specific detection. More studies should be done to screen for suitable biomarkers for specific P. knowlesi detection in RDT to allow prompt disease management and epidemiological surveillance.
The physical health of people with severe mental illness in Bangladesh and Pakistan: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Zavala Gerardo Antonio , Haidar Asiful , Prasad-Muliyala Krishna , Aslam Faiza , Huque Rumana , Khalid Humaira , Murthy Pratima , Nizami Asad T , Rajan Sukanya , Shiers David , Siddiqi Najma , Siddiqi Kamran , Boehnke Jan R
Published: April 2021

BackgroundPeople with severe mental illness (SMI) die earlier than the general population, primarily due to physical disorders. There is limited information on physical illnesses and health-risk behaviours in people with SMI in low and middle-income countries.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey in adults with SMI attending specialist mental health services in Bangladesh and Pakistan. Data were collected on non-communicable diseases (NCDs), their risk factors, health-risk behaviours, treatments and health risk modification advice (using questions from the WHO STEPwise approach to Surveillance of NCDs (STEPS)) and on common mental disorders, health-related quality of life and infectious diseases. We performed a descriptive analysis, and compared weighted prevalence for these variables in our survey with prevalence for the general population in the STEPS reports from Bangladesh and Pakistan.ResultsWe recruited 2,344 participants with bipolar disorder (36.7%), non-affective psychosis (42.2%), and depression with psychosis (21.1%). Eight percent had diabetes, 24.7% hypertension and 3.1% tuberculosis. 43.4% were overweight or obese, and half had hypercholesterolemia. Most participants with diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia were previously undiagnosed; of those diagnosed only around half were receiving treatment. Fifty-four percent of men and 17.2% of women used tobacco; 46.9% and 87.1% did not meet WHO recommendations for physical activity and fruit and vegetable intake respectively. Compared with the general population, people with SMI were more likely to have diabetes (O.R.=1.56,95%C.I.=1.30 to 1.88 Bangladesh), hypercholesterolemia (O.R.=2.35,95%C.I.=2.08 to 2.65 Bangladesh) and overweight or obesity (O.R.=1.97, 95%C.I.=1.75 to 2.22 Bangladesh; O.R.=1.61,95%C.I.=1.40 to 1.86 Pakistan). They were less likely to receive tobacco cessation (O.R.=0.33,95%C.I.=0.26 to 0.42 Bangladesh; O.R.=0.42,95%C.I.=0.31 to 0.55 Pakistan), and weight management advice (O.R.=0.51,95%C.I.=0.41 to 0.63 Bangladesh; and O.R.=0.65,95%C.I.=0.51 to 0.82 Pakistan).ConclusionDespite the high prevalence we found significant gaps in detection, prevention and treatment of NCDs and their risk factors in people with SMI.RegistrationISRCTN88485933; https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN88485933
Multi-dimensional Accessibility Barriers in Care Services for the Rural Elderly with Disabilities: A Qualitative Study in China
Authors: Wang Yuan , Qi Cai Yun
Published: April 2021

Background
As the aging of the population increases, the number and growth rate of disabled elderly people in rural China are significant. However, their special care needs and barriers to accessibility have been neglected in existing research. This paper covers a multi-dimensional investigation into accessibility barriers in care services for elderly people with disabilities in rural China.
Methods
In-depth interviews with 13 rural disabled elderly people in China took place using qualitative methods.
Results
Based on a welfare pluralism approach, the results showed that in comparison with urban areas, care services for disabled elderly people in rural areas are more subject to social barriers. This can be seen in the limited state (lack of resources, rigorous qualification of eligibility, uneven distribution, and irregular implementation); the absent market (low levels of consumption, high cost pressures, self-exclusion, and traditional cultural constraints); absent NGOs and volunteers (difficulties in access for NGOs and volunteers outside the area and formation difficulties of local NGOs and volunteers); as well as low-quality care in households and communities (unprofessional care from the spouse, unsustainable care from offspring, and unavailable community-based care).
Conclusion
A multi-subject support network should be established to remove accessibility barriers to care service provision for elderly people with disabilities in rural areas through active intervention and interaction.
A Retrospective Analysis of Surgery in Prestyloid Parapharyngeal Tumors: Lateral Approaches vs Transoral Robotic Surgery
Authors: Porcuna David Virós , Muñoz Laura Pardo , Soria Constanza Viña , Nicastro Viviana , Viarnès Mar Palau , Guisasola Carlos Pollán
Published: April 2021

Introduction Surgery is the standard treatment for most tumors in the prestyloid parapharyngeal space (PPS) but it can be a challenging procedure because of the anatomical complexity of the area. Prestyloid surgery can be performed with various lateral approaches or with a medial approach using transoral robotic surgery (TORS) – either alone or in combination with a transcervical incision. Here we report our experience in the surgical management of prestyloid PPS tumors. Materials and Methods We have retrospectively compared results with lateral or medial approaches to surgical resection of prestyloid tumors. Between 2015 and 2020, 28 patients with prestyloid PPS tumors underwent surgery at our center: 14 with lateral approaches, including transcervical, transcervical-parotid, and transcervical-mandibular, 12 with TORS, and two with TORS plus a transcervical incision. Surgical time, post-surgical complications, length of hospital stay, need for feeding tube, and relapse-free survival in the two patient groups. Results Pleomorphic adenoma was the most frequent tumor and 60.7% of the tumors were benign. Tumor volume and maximum length were similar in patients undergoing surgery with a lateral approach and in those undergoing TORS. Intraoperative image guidance and ultrasound were used in 33% of TORS. TORS was associated with less surgical time, fewer complications, and shorter hospital stays. Survival rates were similar in the two groups. Conclusion The medial approach by TORS offers better surgical results in prestyloid tumors than the open lateral approach and can be refined by intraoperative guidance.
Molecular Deficits Relevant to Concussion Are Prevalent In Football Players Entering the NFL Draft
Authors: Kunces Laura J , Keenan John A , Schmidt Caleb M , Schmidt Michael A.
Published: April 2021

BackgroundFactors influencing individual susceptibility to brain acceleration forces or to poor outcomes in brain injury are not well understood. Characterization of blood variants in athletes entering the highly competitive contact environment of professional football, when coupled with longitudinal follow-up of future concussion incidence and trajectory, may provide additional insight into factors that influence brain injury. We observed the metabolic phenotype of collegiate football players entering the 2016 National Football League (NFL) draft. The principal aims were to characterize the molecular status of individual athletes and quantify the prevalence of athletes with multiple concurrent molecular deficits. MethodsBlood was taken from 30 elite American collegiate football players seven weeks before the NFL scouting combine and 15-weeks before entering the NFL draft. ResultsAverage results revealed undesirable values in Omega-3 Index (avg ± std, 4.66 ± 1.16 %), AA:EPA fatty acid ratio (29.13 ± 10.78), homocysteine (11.4 ± 3.4 µmol/L), vitamin D (30 ± 11.4 ng/mL), and RBC magnesium (4.1 ± 0.8 mg/dL). Using sport optimized reference ranges from previously published research, 10% presented with 3, 40% presented with 4, and 50% of athletes presented with 5 undesirable values at once. ConclusionWe conclude molecular deficits in this cohort entering the NFL draft were common, with a significant number of athletes presenting with multiple abnormalities, all with relevant influence on brain health and function. This data warrants extensive metabolic phenotyping and prophylactic precision nutrition countermeasures for athletes entering contact environments.
Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Clinicopathological Features of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Song Jun-Long , Li Ling-Rui , Yu Xi-Zi , Zhan Ling , Xu Zhi-Liang , Li Juan-Juan , Sun Sheng-Rong , Chen Chuang
Published: April 2021

Purpose: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk factor for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Whether MetS impacts the aggressiveness of DTC is still unclear. We carried out this study to clarify this issue.Methods: We evaluated 455 consecutive DTC patients treated with surgery. The patients were divided into three groups based on their number of MetS components: patients without any MetS components, patients with one to two MetS components, and patients with three to five MetS components. The clinical features and histological aggressiveness of DTC at the time of diagnosis were evaluated.Results: A total of 455 patients were included in this study. Eighty-five patients had three or more metabolic components and were diagnosed as having MetS. Those patients with one or two metabolic components had higher risks for bilaterality (OR = 1.90, 95% CI:1.04–3.46) and capsule invasion (OR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.05–2.70). MetS was a risk factor for larger tumors (OR = 2.25, 95% CI: 1.25–4.06), more lymph node metastasis (OR=3.14, 95% CI: 1.68-5.87), multifocal tumor (OR = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.30–4.35), bilateral disease (OR = 3.39, 95% CI: 1.67–6.90), capsule invasion (OR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.15–4.45), and extrathyroid invasion (OR = 4.44, 95% CI: 1.67–11.81) after correction for age, sex, and the thyroid-stimulating hormone level (TSH).Conclusions: In our hospital-based cohort study, MetS was associated with the aggressiveness of DTC. This association was still significant after being adjusted for age, sex, and TSH.
Feasibility and Outcomes of ERAS Protocol in Elective cT4 colorectal Cancer Patients. Results from a Single Center Retrospective Cohort Study.
Authors: Bellato Vittoria , An Yongbo , Cerbo daniele , Campanelli Michela , Franceschilli Marzia , Khanna krishn , Sensi Bruno , Siragusa Leandro , Rossi piero , Sica Giuseppe
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Programs of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery reduces morbidity and shorten recovery in patients undergoing colorectal resections for cancer. Patients presenting with more advanced disease such as T4 cancers, are frequently excluded from undergoing ERAS programs due to the difficulty in applying the whole or part of established protocols. The primary aim of this investigation was to evaluate the possibility of applying a validated ERAS protocol in patients undergoing colorectal resection for T4 colon and rectal cancer and to evaluate the short-term outcome.METHODS: Single center, retrospective cohort study. All patients with a clinical diagnosis of stage T4 colorectal cancer undergoing surgery between November 2016 to January 2020 were treated following the institutional fast track protocol without exclusion. Short-term postoperative outcomes were compared to those of a control group treated with conventional care and that underwent surgical resection for T4 colorectal cancer at the same institution from January 2010 to October 2016. Data from both groups were collected retrospectively from a prospectively maintained database. RESULTS: Eighty-two patients were diagnosed with T4 cancer, 49 patients were included in the ERAS cohort and 33 in the historical conventional care cohort. Both, the mean time of tolerance to solid food diet and postoperative length of stay, were significantly shorter in the ERAS group than in the control group (3.14±1,76 vs 4.8±1.52; p<0,0001 and 6,93±3,76 vs 9,50±4,83; p=0,0084 respectively). No differences in perioperative complications were observed.CONCLUSIONS: Results from this cohort study from a single center registry, shows that ERAS protocol is feasible also in T4 colorectal patients and enhance postoperative recovery in this group of patients.
In silico study and virtual Drug Screening of the FDA-approved approach with Molecular Docking.
Authors: Manavi Mohammad Amin
Published: April 2021

Aims: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged in Wuhan, China, and because of fast transmission, it has led to its extensive prevalence in almost all countries, which has made it a global crisis. This study aims to recognize a possible small molecule as a main protease inhibitor versus the main protease protein of SARS-CoV-2 by the computational program.Methods: Virtual screening procedures like using molegro virtual docker, auto dock tools, and auto dock Vina, was done for more than 1600 FDA-approved medicines that download from the ZINC database, were employed to characterize new implied molecule inhibitors for the recently published crystal structure of the main protease protein of SARS-CoV-2. Result: The result indicates that Velpatasvir, angiotensin receptor blockers, cephalosporins, and also atorvastatin could fit adequately to the binding site of the main protease. Because of some other beneficial features, including anti-infectious, anti-inflammatory properties, and ADME profile, they might be a promising drug nominee for repurposing to the treatment of COVID-19.Discussion: Velpatasvir was selected by combining some virtual screening methods for furthers studies to find a suitable ligand for the treatment of COVID-19.
Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma, Anaplastic Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma, and Epithelioid Glioblastoma: Case Series with Clinical Characteristics, Molecular Features and Progression Relationship
Authors: Lin Zhiying , Yang Runwei , Zheng Haojie , Li Zhiyong , Yi Guozhong , Han Huixia , Wu Qianchao , Qi Songtao , Huang Guanglong
Published: April 2021

Background: Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA), anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (A-PXA), and epithelioid glioblastoma (E-GBM) show overlapping features. However, little is known about their clinical characteristics, molecular features and relationship with progression. Methods: Fourteen patients diagnosed at Nanfang Hospital from 2016 to 2019 were enrolled, including eleven PXA patients, two A-PXA patients, and one E-GBM patient. All tumour tissue samples of the fourteen patients were examined by immunohistochemical staining (MGMT, VEGF, BRAF-V600E, etc.). The recurrent tumour tissue of the patient with E-GBM arising from A-PXA was screened to detect 11 glioma markers (MGMT, BRAF-V600E, etc.) and chromosome 1p/19q by next-generation sequencing (NGS).Results: The mean age of 13 patients with PXA or A-PXA was 25.4 years; twelve of these patients had tumours at supratentorial regions. VEGF positivity was detected in the tumour samples of 13 patients, MGMT positivity in 10 patients, and BRAF-V600E positivity in 7 patients. For the tumour sample of the E-GBM patient who survived for up to 10 years after the fourth resection, BRAF V600E was wild type in the sample obtained from the first surgery, while it was mutant in the second, third, and fourth surgeries. In contrast, the promoter status of MGMT in the four surgeries was unmethylated. The NGS results showed that the mutation frequencies of BRAF V600E in the second, third and fourth surgeries were 14.06%, 9.13% and 48.29%, respectively.Conclusions: Collectively, the results suggest that patients with A-PXA may relapse multiple times and eventually progress to E-GBM with the BRAF-V600E mutation.
INFLUENCE OF NATURAL CONDITIONS OF THE TERRITORY ON FLOODING OF ARTIFICIAL COVERINGS OF THE AIRPORT OF CHITA
Authors:   Melnikov Permafrost Institute Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, Shesternev D. , Verkhoturov A. ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: April 2021

he study of flooding of engineering structures as a dangerous engineering and geological process and the prevention of emergencies and environmentally adverse consequences is an important task of national economic importance. The purpose of this work was to study the natural conditions of the area of the Kadala airport in Chita to identify the main causes of flooding of the artificial runway (IVPP). The object of research was the near-surface part of the geological environment, the subject-the factors of formation of hydrogeological, engineering-geological and geocryological conditions. In the course of the research, the following tasks were solved: 1) identification of factors that affect flooding; 2) assessment and proposal of acceptable protective measures. The research methodology included: collection and analysis of materials from previous engineering and geological studies; interpretation of satellite images; field survey of the artificial runway and adjacent territory; analysis of hydrometeorological conditions. As a result of the research, the factors that lead to flooding of the south-eastern section of the airport, and in winter to the formation of ice and deformations on this section of the airport’s artificial surfaces are determined. The identified factors are divided into regional and local. The hydrogeological and engineering-geological conditions of the territory and their dynamics over time are considered. It is determined that the main factors of flooding are the creation of barrages in the path of the movement of underground water and the intensive freezing of the soil on the section of the artificial runway. Recommendations for the stabilization of the ground base on this site and measures for the engineering protection of the airport territory are given. The implementation of the recommendations will ensure the accident-free operation of the artificial runway and improve the environmental condition of the settlement adjacent to the airport from the south-east
Working Time as a Measure of Acceleration of the Serbian Society at the Turn of the Century: Anthropological Analysis
Authors: Milosavljević Ljubica , Dražeta Bogdan
Published: April 2021

Multiple processes in modern Serbia occurred at the end of the twentieth and the beginning of the twenty first century. Almost all of them regard political, economic, and social changes. Influences caused by these changes can be seen in the social template across the spectrum of plans, encompassing various spheres of life of individuals from business to private, all the way to the point where this division, for many, is gradually disappearing. In that sense, this paper will follow the most anthropologically interesting example of research, the one that follows the influences of the undertaken reform processes and observed changes. This is the example that regards the experience and evaluation of time among employed inhabitants of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. The aim of this paper was to refer to the results of anthropological fieldwork conducted in 2005, which focused on the experiences, strategies and expectations of employed Belgraders in terms of their working hours and certain temporal boundaries that characterize it. Due to the increasingly intensive business contacts with foreign partners and colleagues since 2000, the working hours of employees were analyzed in a narrower context, as they were on the long list of adjustments, mostly to Western influences. These contacts were not only more frequent after the period of the 1990s, which, among other things, is characterized by a sudden break in cooperation with foreigners, but were often dictated by the EU integration process, the increase of the private sector in which operated companies were oriented towards profit, and the acceleration of time. The last aspect was examined in 2005 through a sample comprising 30 interlocutors of various business backgrounds. The ethnographic material was categorized and analyzed with regard to the differentiation of respondents by age. Fifteen respondents were chosen to represent the older generation (born in the 1940s and 1950s) and as many the younger generation (born in the 1960s and 1980s). The blurring of the boundaries between the employees’ business and private life in Belgrade became more marked at the turn of the century, and it could be clearly stated through the example of working time. Differences between the period of socialism and the period of reforms since the 1990s relate also to a sense of insecurity and fear of losing one's job or having inadequate work, and the simultaneous development of the private sector, which is characterized by stricter rules for employees. More intensive was the influence of business on the private domain of life, but also the intrusion of the private into business life. This has become a necessity and a pledge of individual functioning on both levels, which show combined characteristics of acceleration through the increase of obligations.
Management control systems case study from the national commercial bank in Albania
Authors: Dollija Elda , Teneqexhi Marinela , Dhimitri Eva
Published: April 2021

This paper analyzes the Management Control Systems (MCSs) of the National Commercial Bank (NCB), operating in Albania, through the relevant framework of Object of Control [1]. The aim of this paper is to examine whether the MCSs help in aligning the actions of the management and employees with the strategies of this bank. Semi structured interviews were conducted to the managers of two branches of NCB in the city of Korça in order to understand the presence of this approach. The results of the interviews confirmed the presence of the components of the object of control (results, actions and personnel/cultural controls) in NCB. The bank controls the results of its employees and managers through the Performance Appraisal Systems. Employees’ and managers’ performance evaluation is the instrument, through which the bank plans their career and bonus. The budget constitutes the financial results control system. NCB has well-defined action controls through strict written rules, procedures and policies that restrict its employees’ actions. Personnel controls are exercised selection, training, evaluation, sustainability and development of human resources. Cultural controls are created through codes of conduct, ethic codes and socialization among employees at various events and parties, organized by the bank.
Field research in the sphere of taxpayers’ equality
Authors: Marchenko Halyna
Published: April 2021

corruption in any social system. At the same time, taxes are a measure of social justice and should not only ensure the economic stability of the state, but also instill in members of the taxpayer society a positive tolerance to the state. The term for defining the state as "social" implies meeting the social needs of each member of society. According to the author's view, this does not mean that the state should sponsor people, who do not want to work. At the same time, the state must provide an appropriate level of support to society members who, due to objective circumstances, need it. Taxes are a source of social benefits for society. At the same time, they are a form of fair treatment of citizens by the state. Inequality or injustice in the collection of taxes contributes to social inequality and significantly reduces the tolerance of society members to the state.
La Universidad gestora de procesos de desarrollo local y fortalecimiento de redes: la experiencia de una intervención comunitaria en Cali Colombia
Authors: Echeverri Londoño Maria Catalina , Sánchez Ana Lucía
Published: April 2021

Se pueden reconocer que estrategias como el “Centro Integral de Promoción de Derechos-Sol de Oriente” de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia seccional Cali, la Agencia para la Reincorporación y Normalización (ARN) y la Fundación para la orientación Familiar (FUNOF), posibilitan la promoción de un desarrollo social comunitario que se avoca por promover mejores formas de socialización y vínculos que permitan la construcción de un tejido social promotor de la salud mental. Así mismo, las estrategias de intervención que se orientan a la idea-propuesta de la cultura ciudadana como ‘Formula’ se han hecho populares y se le adjudican variados logros, entre estos el trabajo por la convivencia en medio de un país profundamente desigual y polarizado, impactado por violencias que se entrelazan.
Visiones de paz del Consejo Municipal de Paz. Caso Medellín (2016-2019)
Authors: Zuluaga Cometa Héctor Alejandro , Arias Mejía Juan Camilo
Published: April 2021

El Consejo Municipal de Paz (Conpaz) de la ciudad de Medellín, parte de la arquitectura institucional para la paz en Colombia, se configura como un espacio novedosoen el que confluyen diversas visiones de paz y de ciudad, diversidad que genera tensiones. Dichas concepciones parten de reconocer la diferencia entre vivir en paz en laciudad y vivir en paz en el campo, aceptando en gran medida los acuerdos firmadosentre las Farc y el Gobierno, y sus miradas de Paz están asociadas al concepto particular de desarrollo, ciudad, orientación religiosa, experiencias sectoriales individualesy colectivas. Es importante tejer dichos elementos para encontrar mínimos comunesque den cuenta de un concepto base común de Paz Urbana que, permita fortalecerla representatividad, la participación incidente y un accionar que impacte de maneraadecuada, la toma de decisiones de ciudad
Las emociones en la resistencia y la defensa del territorio en Guamocó (Colombia)
Authors: Quijano-Mejía Claudia , Linares García Johana , Barrios Rodríguez Flor Manuelita
Published: April 2021

En medio de la confrontación armada entre guerrillas y paramilitares en la regiónde Guamocó (Colombia), entre 1998 y 2006, las comunidades se organizaron pararesistir y permanecer en el territorio. Este artículo busca comprender las acciones deresistencia organizada desarrolladas por las comunidades campesinas y mineras, específicamente las Juntas de Acción Comunal (JAC) y la Asociación de HermandadesAgroecológicas y Mineras de Guamocó (AHERAMIGUA), las estrategias que fueronmovilizadas por estas organizaciones sociales para vencer el miedo frente a los armados y esa construcción del nosotros colectivo y del territorio como identidad.
Reflexiones sobre la ética de la investigación en Colombia
Authors: Hugo Nelson Castañeda Ruiz Hugo Nelson , Gómez Osorio Ángela María , Londoño Jaramillo Ángela María
Published: April 2021

Se reflexiona en torno al diseño normativo que regula la investigación en Colombia y las prácticas de los investigadores desde un enfoque ético, abordando asuntos problemáticos en las ciencias de la salud, las ciencias sociales y las disciplinas ambientales, para concluir que se necesita fortalecer el control del Estado en estos temas, la actualización de la normatividad y una mayor formación de los investigadores y miembros de Comités de Ética en investigación, especialmente en: la protección de los participantes, el cuidado de los animales, los conflictos de interés, el manejo de comunidades y de grupos vulnerables, los protocolos comunitarios, el consentimiento informado, la consulta previa, el cuidado de la biodiversidad y el acceso a recursos genéticos.
How art-as-therapy supports participants with a diagnosis of schizophrenia : a phenomenological investigation
Authors:   , Mitchell Julia
Published: April 2021

Although art therapy is recommended in management programmes for individuals with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, calls have been made for more detailed explanations as to how artmaking is working. This study responds to those calls by considering the artmaking experiences of 15 mental health users with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, resident at a forensic, mental health facility in South Africa. A phenomenological approach was chosen because of its focus on lived experiences, suited to explore the embodied and pre-reflective experience of studio-based artmaking. Dialogical and narrative understandings were subsequently incorporated to account for more reflective aspects of the artmaking experience. Two main participant descriptions of artmaking, centring on feeling at home and on doing something meaningful, guided the phenomenological lifeworld method in analysing the data (interviews, artworks and field observations in art groups and exhibitions), along selected dimensions of lived experience, namely embodiment, temporality, spatiality, sociality and selfhood. These findings lend support to new phenomenological research which suggests that artmaking intersects with disrupted abilities for perceptual engagement underlying manifestations of schizophrenia symptomology. This research supports assertions that artmaking has the potential to support the minimal sense of self and expand possibilities for renewed embodied and more reflective meaning-making. Explanations of findings centred around the distinct artistic style of each participant, as well as their artworks which revealed individual lifeworlds including a variety of self-positions. The inherent properties of the completed artworks also provided possibilities for renewed experiences of sociality. Additional support for the findings is drawn from recent research in the fields of early neurodevelopmental trauma, and trauma research findings within the art therapy field.
Secondary metabolites in in vitro cultures of Siberian medicinal plants: Content, antioxidant properties, and antimicrobial characteristics
Authors: Milentyeva Irina , Le Violeta , Kozlova Oksana , Velichkovich Natalia , Fedorova Anastasiya , Loseva Anna , Yustratov Vladimir
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Wild-crafting leads to the local extinction of many medicinal plants that are rich in phenolic substances. In vitro cultivation of cells and organs of higher plants can be the optimal solution to this problem. The research objective was to study the biosynthetic activity of in vitro extracts of wild Siberian plants.

Study objects and methods. The study featured callus, cell suspension, and hairy root extracts of such Siberian medicinal plants as Eleutherococcus senticosus, Codonopsis pilosula, Platanthera bifolia, and Saposhnikovia divaricata. They were obtained by in vitro cultivation using modified nutrient media of Murashige and Skoog and Gamborg. The content of secondary metabolites was studied using the methods of thin-layer and high-performance liquid chromatography. A set of in vitro experiments tested the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the extracts.

Results and discussion. All the samples demonstrated a high content of secondary metabolites of phenolic nature. Flavonoglycosides, apigenin, and rutin were found to be the predominant biologically active substances in the callus extracts. Flavonoglycosides dominated in the suspension extracts. The root extracts contained more caffeic acid, rutin, ecdysteroids, quercetin, apigenin, cardiofolin, and coleofolide than the callus and suspension cultures. The list of prevailing secondary metabolites in the root extracts included rutin, apigenin, coleofolide, and quercetin. All the extracts showed antimicrobial and antioxidant activity.

Conclusion. All the extracts demonstrated good antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Therefore, they can be used for the production of pharmaceuticals and biologically active food supplements as they can be helpful against infectious diseases, as well as oncological, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases linked to oxidative stress.
Features of adverse course and mortality in acute myocardial infarction in women and men
Authors: Anikin Viktor V. , Nikolaeva Tatiana O. , Izvarina Olga A.
Published: April 2021

The cause of mortality in the Russian Federation in half of cases is still cardiovascular diseases (CVD), the most prognostically unfavorable variant of which is certainly acute myocardial infarction (AMI). At the same time, there is a steady tendency to increase the frequency of myocardial infarction in women of working age. The frequency and severity of AMI in women is underestimated by many researchers, and the prognostic factors of an unfavorable outcome in comparison of female and male individuals are not determined. Objective. The aim of the study was to compare the immediate prognosis and outcome of AMI in women and men, and to identify possible factors leading to an unfavorable outcome. Materials and methods. The analysis of medical cases and pathoanatomical reports of 196 patients who died from AMI within a 5-year period, among whom there were 107 women (average age 72.1±7.2 years) and 89 men (average age 65.4±11.1 years). The authors compared the case, clinical features of the disease, complications, the presence of comorbidities, the depth and localization of AMI, and the direct causes of deaths. Results. In groups comparable in age, the mortality rate in women over 60 years was 1.6 times higher than that in men. Somewhat more often, women died in this case, whose MI began with a typical pain syndrome or an asthmatic variant of it. Concomitant pathology in women who died from MI was significantly more common than in men: arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus (1.5 times) and obesity (6.5 times). The unfavorable prognostic factors in MI in men can be the previous stroke. Conclusion. The immediate prognosis of mortality in AMI in women is more unfavorable than in men. The immediate causes of death in women compared to men were more often cardiogenic shock, myocardial ruptures and pulmonary embolism, and in men - acute cardiovascular failure and ventricular fibrillation.
A educação social e a formação de professores em pesquisas: definições, indefinições e perspectivas
Authors: Pereira Mano Amanda de Mattos , Souza Rizzo Deyvid Tenner de
Published: April 2021

Este texto considera e discorre sobre a dificuldade em conceituar a educação social quanto aos seus agentes, seus espaços e objetivos, todavia, enfatiza sua principal contribuição: a formação educativa para a cidadania. Do mesmo modo, atribui-se à formação de professores a necessidade de preparar educadores sensíveis ao trabalho adjacente à educação social. Dito isso, empreendeu-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo estado da arte, buscando identificar as temáticas de pesquisas que se intitulam dentro da área de conhecimento da educação social e da formação de professores, visando identificar limites e possibilidades desse campo. Metodologicamente, as discussões neste texto apresentadas ancoraram-se na pesquisa bibliográfica exploratória, em artigos, dissertações e teses, com recorte temporal nos últimos cinco anos (2015-2019). Considera-se necessário potencializar a produção acadêmica no âmbito da educação social e formação de professores para nortear a preparação profissional com as diferentes realidades escolares e com os diversos espaços do aprender, não escolares.
Contribuições do PIBID para a formação inicial docente: relato de experiências na UFG
Authors: Faria Edna Silva , Faria Vivianne Fleury de , Silva Célia Sebastiana
Published: April 2021

A formação inicial docente perpassa aspectos diversos, dentre eles o de que a licenciatura tem condições de prover o conhecimento necessário para o efetivo exercício da docência. Algumas mudanças nas políticas públicas educacionais impactaram o processo de formação docente, dentre elas destacam-se programas de incentivo à docência, como o Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Incentivo à Docência, o PIBID. Considerando a relevância do tema, este artigo apresenta um relato de experiências do PIBID realizado em escolas da rede pública, a partir das atividades implementadas para o desenvolvimento do Programa no subprojeto Letras: Português, sob a responsabilidade da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade Federal de Goiás. O texto tem como objetivos apresentar atividades desenvolvidas pelos participantes nas escolas-campo, demonstrar os impactos do Programa na formação inicial e atuação dos discentes, bem como os projetos e experiências vivenciados por eles no período de execução do projeto, em 2018 e 2019.
Dossier Formación Inicial del Profesorado
Authors: Edel-Navarro Rubén , García-López Ramona Imelda , Torres Gerson Edgar Ferra
Published: April 2021

El entorno global contemporáneo ha experimentado reconfiguraciones económicas, tecnológicas y sociales de especial relevancia para la transformación y armonización mundial, durante el cual, actualmente cursamos por una pandemia sanitaria a consecuencia del Covid-19 que da cuenta de este nuevo orden, sanitario y de responsabilidad social de la humanidad; en forma particular, ha trascendido en el redefinición de la sociedad posmoderna dos condiciones inherentes e indispensables para la educación, que adquieren un valor preponderante en y para el desarrollo social: Ser docente y Formar docentes.
O(s) processo(s) de orientação: reflexões a partir de casos históricos e hipotéticos
Authors: Garcia Pedro Maciel de Paula , Bonfim Carolina Santos , Gomes Delarim Martins
Published: April 2021

Pesquisas no campo da formação de professores têm contemplado de forma incipiente as relações entre orientandos e orientadores, principalmente no que concerne ao planejamento didático da orientação. Da mesma forma, a legislação brasileira não especifica qual(is) o(s) papel(is) do orientador nos diferentes níveis de ensino. Neste ensaio, refletimos sobre o(s) processo(s) de orientação por meio de casos históricos e hipotéticos, inspirados em situações reais, de modo a fomentar a ampliação de discussões sobre esta temática. A partir dos casos, evidenciamos elementos e posturas inerentes à orientação, como herança de capital intelectual, influência na visão de mundo e divergências de posturas ideológicas. O processo de orientação é mais influenciado pelas vivências dos orientadores do que por aspectos de caráter educacional.
Diários de formação: potencialidades para a ampliação dos letramentos acadêmicos e pedagógicos
Authors: Ferreira Helena Maria , Lima Francine de Paulo Martins , Signorelli Gláucia
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo discorrer acerca das contribuições dos diários de formação como estratégia metodológica para a ampliação dos letramentos acadêmicos e dos letramentos pedagógicos. O artigo ensaístico aqui empreendido trata da articulação entre a formação docente e o conceito de letramentos, buscando considerar a relevância de um percurso formativo que promova uma compreensão ativa responsiva dos discursos acerca do processo educativo e dos dizeres institucionalizados sobre as práticas pedagógicas. A partir de uma pesquisa teórica, os resultados apontam para a relevância dos diários de formação como potencializadores dos processos de investigação-reflexão-ação necessários à constituição da docência no contexto da formação inicial, ampliando as possibilidades de letramentos acadêmicos e letramentos pedagógicos.
Strong Antihemolytic and Antioxidant Properties of Aqueous Extract from Algerian Hammada elegans (Bge.) Botsch (Chenopodiaceae)
Authors: Asseli Brahim , Mahfoudi Reguia , Djeridane Amar , Yousfi Mohamed
Published: April 2021

Background:

Research on medicinal plant antioxidants has emerged as a potential therapeutic
to prevent free radical generated damage in the human body. Hammada elegans Botsch
(popularly known as “Ajram”) is a xerophytic plant widely found in Laghouat region, but there are
only a few reports about the biological or chemical properties of these species. Hence, the aim of
this study is to investigate the antioxidant and the antihemolytic activities of hexanic, acetonic,
methanolic and aqueous extracts of aerial parts of Algerian Hammada elegans Botsch by employing
different in vitro assay systems.

Methods:

The total phenolic content, the flavonoid content and the condensed tannin amount were
analyzed using Folin-Ciocalteu, aluminum chloride and vanillin assays, respectively. The in vitro
antioxidant capacity of extracts was assessed by CUPRAC, iron chelating, ABTS•+ and antihemolytic
assays, and was expressed as EC50 values.

Results:

Among the analyzed extracts, the aqueous extract had the highest phenolic, flavonoid and
tannin contents. Also, this extract displayed the highest antioxidant capacities compared to the other
extracts and standards. Its EC50 value for ABTS radical-scavenging activity was 0.265 ± 0.003
mg/L. Moreover, this extract showed high iron (II) chelating ability (EC50 = 0.958 ± 0.001 mg/L),
and good antioxidant activity in the cupric ion reducing activity (CUPRAC) in a concentration dependent
manner (EC50 were 0.709 ± 0.002 mg/L). Additionally, this extract had the best antihemolytic
activity against AAPH-induced hemolysis (EC50=0.090 ± 0.004 mg/L).

Conclusion:

Our study revealed that the aqueous extract of Hammada elegans Botsch, is a potential
source of antioxidants which possess a high protective effect of membrane against free radical.