bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inserción chilena en la región latinoamericana; Del “Adiós América Latina” a la presidencia de UNASUR
Authors: Sánchez González Sebastián
Published: December 2021

El presente trabajo aborda las formas de inserción que Chile ha asumido en la región latinoamericana, a través de su política exterior, política económica y relaciones diplomáticas; en el período de los años sesenta hasta la actualidad, centrándose especialmente en el proceso de des-inserción y aislamiento relativo del país en el plano internacional y latinoamericano del período del régimen militar, donde se perfila una visión de “Adiós América Latina” que implica una desvinculación de la región en pos de relaciones con otras zonas, especialmente desarrolladas o más pujantes. Analiza también como dicha tendencia comienza a revertirse a comienzos de los noventa con el comienzo de la transición democrática, donde Latinoamérica vuelve a tener un rol preponderante en la política exterior chilena –al menos en el plano discursivo−, evidenciando un cambio en el proceso que tiende a concretarse en la Presidencia Pro Tempore del nuevo intento de cooperación e integración latinoamericana UNASUR.
Algunas ideas para la enseñanza de la Guerra Civil española y la dictadura
Authors: Santisteban Fernández Antoni
Published: December 2021

Nuestro alumnado piensa la Guerra Civil española como algo ajeno, pero este período de conflicto es el más traumático de la historia de la España del siglo XX, que produjo cambios radicales en lo político y social. El desarrollo de la conciencia histórica es el objetivo fundamental de la enseñanza de la historia, comprender el presente a partir del pasado y pensar el futuro. En este sentido el conflicto forma parte de nuestra memoria histórica y es esencial para construir otro presente. Nuestras investigaciones demuestran que el alumnado no utiliza la historia para pensar alternativas a los problemas sociales actuales. Por esta razón proponemos cambios en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la historia, proponemos trabajar a partir de problemas históricos y a partir de fuetes históricas. Proponemos trabajar con evidencias del pasado en el presente, y evidencias del presente en nuestras ideas de posibles futuros.
¿Por qué enseñar historia reciente en las aulas escolares chilenas?
Authors: Vásquez Leyton Gabriela
Published: December 2021

En países como los nuestros que han vivido historias traumáticas en su tiempo presente, la enseñanza en la escuela de este tipo de historia es un tema complejo de enfrentar, porque muchas de esas historias traen consigo problemas sociales relevantes para sociedad actual. Sin embargo, mucho de esos temas tienen un potencial educativo de gran relevancia, tal es el caso del proceso transición dictadura-democracia, ya que nos permiten a través de su conocimiento y discusión el desarrollo de una formación responsable y comprometida ciudadanía democrática.
Formación del profesorado de Historia en México: orientaciones determinantes
Authors: Latapí Escalante Paulina
Published: December 2021

Con base en fuentes documentales y en entrevistas, se da cuenta de las aportaciones de Joan Pagès, realizadas entre el 2008 y el 2020, a la formación de profesorado de historia, en la complejidad de los tres macrosistemas mexicanos encargados de dicha función. Se concluye: la docencia como libre elección; el indispensable conocimiento profundo del contexto; la formación docente como proceso; el reconocimiento del profesorado como sujeto y parte de la historia del magisterio; la transversalidad de la práctica reflexiva en la formación y ejercicio docentes; la creatividad, la investigación y lo nuclear en la enseñanza de la historia como ciencia social; la mediación magisterial como estrategia de solución de problemas sociales; la inseparabilidad de  la emoción-cognición en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la historia; la vinculación entre formación inicial y continua; coherencia profesional entre preparación académica y práctica docente y la construcción de una escuela digna.
A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Directed at Treating Lateral Epicondylalgia
Authors: Price James William
Published: December 2021

Background:

Lateral epicondylosis is the most prevalent cause of lateral elbow pain, occurring in 4 per 1000 patients. The aim of most treatments is to reduce inflammation even with histological evidence demonstrating that lateral epicondylosis is a non-inflammatory condition.

Objective:

To determine the relative merits of the different regimens used to diminish lateral epicondylosis pain using a mixed treatment comparison/network meta-analysis (NMA).

Methods:

A thorough literature search was performed. The eligibility criteria for this mixed treatment comparison were: randomized controlled clinical trials; human subjects; working age population (16 to 70 years); the outcome measure was an objective pain assessment; measured at a 1- to 3-month follow-up. The NMA were performed using the GeMTC user interface for automated NMA utilizing a Bayesian Hierarchical Model of random effects. The evaluation of confidence in the findings from NMA was performed using a semi-automated platform called CINeMA (Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis).

Results:

The model suggests that articulation technique is the most effective measure for decreasing lateral epicondylalgia followed by topical nitrates, acupuncture, kinesiology taping and low-level laser therapy, respectively. Muscle energy technique, local corticosteroid injection, prolotherapy and counterforce bracing displayed a trend toward being less effective than placebo.

Conclusions:

The results suggest that the most effective modalities for improving lateral epicondylalgia are those that decrease muscle tone and those that improve circulation, while measures meant to decrease inflammation appear to be of no or limited benefit.
Decreasing Headache Pain Secondary to a Subarachnoid Hemorrhage with the use of Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine
Authors: Barnes Precious L , Haas Hillary , Beck Bryan
Published: December 2021

Background:

Controlling a headache (HA) secondary to a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) can be challenging for most physicians. At Maine Medical Center in Portland, Maine, the neurointensivist and staff noticed a trend in decreasing HA pain caused by a SAH in patients treated with osteopathic cranial manipulative medicine and osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM), more so than those treated solely with the traditional opioid approach. It was requested that a chart review of these patients be evaluated for an objective analysis of this observation.

Hypothesis:

A decrease in HA caused by SAH will be observed in the group treated with OMM in comparison to those treated with opioids alone.

Methods and Materials:

A retrospective, IRB approved, and exempted study reviewed 21 subjects with a SAH that were treated with OMM. This population was analyzed for a decrease in pain score following osteopathic treatment as well as for adverse events 6-month post treatment.

Results:

Pain scores were consistently reduced when comparing pre-and-post OMM treatment. After the first treatment, pain scores decreased by an average of 4 points, after the second treatment scores decreased by an average of 3 points and after the third treatment pain scores decreased by an average of 2.5 points. The number of adverse events recorded were found to be less than the national averages.

Conclusion:

The use of OMM as an adjunct with traditional treatments for a SAH can lead to a decrease in HA pain caused by a SAH. Minimal adverse events were observed.
Governança ambiental em áreas marinhas protegidas: o contexto do Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha, Brasil
Authors: Fioravanso Aline Guzenski , Nicolodi João Luiz
Published: December 2021

As áreas marinhas protegidas fazem parte de uma estratégia global de conservação da biodiversidade, uma vez que essas áreas apresentam alta riqueza biológica, sendo base para diferentes serviços ecossistêmicos. Em diversas ilhas e arquipélagos o turismo se constitui como principal atividade econômica, usufruindo dos resultados de um ambiente protegido. Porém, o turismo não controlado tornou-se a principal causa de degradação e destruição em ecossistemas insulares, sendo consequência direta de falhas na governança destes espaços. Neste contexto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a governança ambiental no Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha (Brasil). Os dados foram coletados através de observação direta e entrevistas com atores-chave, sendo analisados pela abordagem da Policy Analysis e a partir da utilização do software MACTOR. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que, na ilha principal (a única habitada), o paraíso é substituído por graves conflitos socioambientais, caracterizados por problemas ambientais tipicamente urbanos e disputas de poder entre os atores sociais. A má gestão, a falta de integração entre as instituições e o não cumprimento às restrições ambientais podem gerar uma situação de colapso em termos sociais, ambientais e econômicos no arquipélago.
Inventário de Práticas Agroecológicas na Metodologia “de Camponês/a a Camponês/a” no Ceará: um instrumento para descolonizar o território e (re)valorizar o conhecimento camponês
Authors: Fernandes Ivanete Ferreira , Barbosa Lia Pinhero , Damasceno Cosma Dos Santos , Rosset Peter Michael
Published: December 2021

Neste artigo abordamos o uso do inventário ou mapeamento de práticas agroecológicas, que faz parte da metodologia “de Camponês/a a Camponês/a" (CaC) para promover a territorialização da agroecologia camponesa, como método também para a descolonização epistêmica de um território. A chamada Revolução Verde envolveu a imposição de tecnologias e conhecimentos exógenos, provocando a fragmentação e desvalorização dos conhecimentos e práticas agrícolas camponesas locais, adaptados às condições locais. Na verdade, foi uma colonização epistêmica. A metodologia CaC é baseada no protagonismo camponês para recuperar e socializar o conhecimento agroecológico. Utilizamos o caso do processo CaC no Assentamento Santana, assentamento de reforma agrária do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) no Ceará, Brasil, com o intuito de demonstrar e analisar o inventário de práticas como uma ferramenta coletiva de descolonização na territorialização da agroecologia.
Pericol nou pentru pomicultori – erinoza ruginie europeană Aculops Berochensis Keifer
Authors:   Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, Iordosopol Elena
Published: December 2021

The article communicates about the first record in the conditions of 20162018 in the Republic of Moldova on the young plum culture of the species of European rust erinosis Aculops berochensis Keif in the Stenlley and Cacanska rana varieties. Several ways of the pest attacking plum development stages have been observed. It was determined that the highest degree of attack was manifested on the Stenlley variety at the young shoots, and at Cacanska rana leaves. There are 7 species of beneficial insects that regulate numerical density.
Prevalența dicroceliozei la ovine și caprine la ferma privată din satul Gradiște, raionul Cimișlia
Authors:   State Agrarian University of Moldova, Republic of Moldova, Nafornita Nicolae
Published: December 2021

A survey incorporating field and abattoir studies was carried out on the prevalence of Dicrocoelium lanceolatum in sheep and goats in the village Gradiste, district Cimislia, the R. Moldova. Coprological studies on these animals revealed that 71,9% of sheep and 87,7% of goats were positive for dicrocoeliosis, with a mean number of eggs per gram of faeces (EPG) of 277,7 for sheep and 261,8 for goats. The necropsy liver examination of slaughtered animals revealed that 94.1% of sheep and 75% of goats were infected with D. lanceolatum and they had mean fluke burdens of 247.2 (sheep) and 298.1 (goats). No significant differences in fluke burden, liver lesion score and EPG count were observed between sheep and goats. The seasonal distribution of dicrocoeliosis indicated a higher percentage of infection in autumn and winter as compared with spring and summer. The potential role of migratory sheep and goats in the epizootiology of dicrocoeliosis is discussed.
Risks and uncertainties about gabapentinoids
Authors:   Medicines Advice and Information
            Service, Alzueta Natalia , García-González Patricia , Irigoyen Irati ,   Pharmacy Service of Complejo
            Hospitalario de Navarra
Published: December 2021

INTRODUCTION The use of gabapentinoids has increased in the recent years. Approved
indications include epilepsy, peripheral neuropathic pain, diabetic neuropathy,
postherpetic neuralgia and anxiety disorder. However, these drugs are widely prescribed
off-label for indications such as low back pain, fibromyalgia, migraine or restless legs
syndrome. Side effects associated with these drugs are common, highlighting the risk of
respiratory depression when combined with other drugs that depress the central nervous
system, suicidal ideation, abuse and addiction. OBJETIVE To review the evidence
available on the uses of gabapentinoids (epilepsy excluded) and its associated risks.
METHODS A search in Tripdatabase and Dynamed was conducted for clinical practice
guidelines. In addition, a PubMed search was performed including systematic reviews,
clinical trials and observational studies in order to analyze the evidence available on
these drugs for their different indications. Data about the use of gabapentinoids in
Navarre were obtained from the electronic prescription database of the public health
system of Navarre -Osasunbidea (SNS-O). CONCLUSIONS Off-label use of gabapentinoids is
not recommended due to the lack of consistent evidence available and its potential risks
(sedation, dizziness or respiratory depression). Some recommendations are provided for a
safe prescription of gabapentinoids.
EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS: CONHECENDO O PASSADO PARA RECONSTRUIR A SUA HISTÓRIA NO PRESENTE
Authors: Batista Ana Maria , Castanho Aparecida de Fátima de Oliveira , Silva Ariadne Antunes da , Bach Cristina Ferreira
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo tem por finalidade relembrar a trajetória da Educação de Jovens e Adultos no Brasil para promover o despertar do interesse nessa modalidade de ensino da Educação Básica, mostrando a sua relevância para toda a sociedade
Sclerosteosis: A Rare, Sclerosing Bone Dysplasia in a Bangladeshi Male
Authors:   Department of Endocrinology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Bangladesh, Morshed Shahed
Published: December 2021

We report a 26-year-old male who was initially diagnosed as osteopetrosis and referred for endocrine evaluations. But due to specific clinical features supported by investigations, we diagnosed the case as sclerosteosis. The patient was managed by a multidisciplinary team approach. Sclerosteosis may be erroneously diagnosed as osteopetrosis. However, many unique features make it a separate entity.
Application of Robotic Software on Effective Diabetes Control (GH-Method: Math-Physical Medicine)
Authors:   eclaireMD Foundation, USA, Hsu Gerald C
Published: December 2021

This paper focuses on the author’s invented robotic software technology, the artificial intelligence glucometer (AIG) product, to provide a diagnosis for diabetes disease and glucose control. From 2010–2013, he self-studied internal medicine and food nutrition. In 2014, he further utilized topology concept, partial differential equation, non-linear algebra, and finite element engineering concept to develop a human metabolism’s mathematical model. It consists of 10 categories and ~500 elements with ~1.5 million collected data of his own body health, disease conditions, and lifestyle details. Starting from 2015, he focused on the root cause of diabetes, which is “glucose”. By applying wave theory, signal processing, energy theory, optical physics, structural & fluid dynamics from physics and engineering modeling; pattern and segmentation analysis, time/space/frequency domain analyses, big data analytics, machine learning and self-correction, prediction equations from mathematics and computer science, he decided to utilize his robotic software as the foundation to further build up his needed medical research and clinical tools. By using the artificial intelligence (AI) robotic software, the author’s average glucose decreased from 280 mg/dL to 118 mg/dL and his hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C or A1C) reduced from 10%+ to below 6.5%, without diabetes medications. All his diabetes complications are either under control or have subsided. This innovative technology of his robotic software for glucose prediction and diabetes control has also been proven by many other patients, who have achieved equally remarkable medical results.
Unreliability of Approximate Entropy to Locate Optimal Complexity in Diabetes Mellitus via Heart Rate Variability
Authors:   Cardiorespiratory Research Group, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life, Garner David M
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Approximate Entropy (ApEn) is a widely enforced metric to evaluate the chaotic response and irregularities of RR intervals from an electrocardiogram. We applied the metric to estimate these responses in subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). So far, as a technique it has one key problem – the accurate choices of the tolerance (r) and embedding dimension (M). So, we attempted to overcome this drawback by applying different groupings to detect the optimum. Methods: We studied 46 subjects split into two equal groups: DM1 and control. To evaluate autonomic modulation the heart rate was measured for 30 min in a supine position without any physical, sensory, or pharmacological stimuli. For the time-series, the ApEn was applied with set values for r (0.1→0.5 in intervals of 0.1) and M (1→5 in intervals of 1) and the differences between the two groups and their effect size by two measures (Cohen’s ds and Hedges’s gs) were computed. Results: The highest value of statistical significance accomplished for the effect sizes (ES) for any of the combinations performed was -0.7137 for Cohen’s ds and -0.7015 for Hedges’s gs with M = 2 and r = 0.08. Conclusion: ApEn was able to identify the reduction in chaotic response in DM1 subjects. Still, ApEn is relatively unreliable as a mathematical marker to determine this.
COVID-19 and Diabetes Among Comorbidities: A Systematic Review
Authors:   Inonu University, Vocational School of Health Services, Malatya, Turkey, Gurbuz Perihan
Published: December 2021

The world has been facing a novel coronavirus, COVID-19 pandemic since the beginning of 2020. Until the end of May, 5.9 million confirmed cases and 350.000 deaths have been reported. Diabetes, as a prevalent chronic disease is known to be a risk factor for infection onset and disease severity. In this study, a systematic review has been planned to determine the relation between COVID-19 and diabetes among other comorbidities. For this aim, 564 researches have been determined about the topic and 48 of them have been evaluated in the review. The researches have been done with 91.172 COVID-19 patients, and diabetes ratio among the researches differ from 3.3% to 40%. Besides, age, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, smoking status, and respiratory diseases have been evaluated in the review as common comorbidities. As a result of the study, diabetes and hypertension have been determined to be important risk factors in COVID-19 onset and severity. However, further detailed multidisciplinary researches about COVID-19, diabetes and comorbidities will be valuable in the COVID-19 pandemic process and future aspects.
Urethral Catheterization: A Review of the Indications, Techniques, and Complications of Male Urethral Catheterization for General Medical Practice
Authors:   Public Health, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, USA, Eketunde Adenike O
Published: December 2021

The physiologic process of micturition plays an essential role in the ability of the human body to regulate homeostasis. When the urinary system encounters an obstruction such as a foreign body within the bladder or other prostatic diseases like benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), alternative measures to drain the bladder is required, this birthed the use of urethral catheters & the catheterization procedure. Urethral catheterization dates to the early days of medicine and while it is mostly a routine procedure in this era, the total understanding of its indications, proper techniques, and associated complications remains an essential tool in the arsenal of a practicing physician.
Long Term Sustained Growth of Insulin Producing Cells Using Agarose-Chitosan Coated Silver Nanocomposites
Authors:   Department of Biological Sciences, BITS-Pilani, KK Birla Goa Campus, Goa, India, Ganguly Anasuya
Published: December 2021

Diabetes is a group of diseases characterized by high levels of blood sugar for an extended period. Despite newer and effective therapy, current treatment is riddled with fundamental challenges. To overcome the adverse effects of existing drugs, regenerative medicine has emerged as an essential treatment, for which tissue engineering may serve as a foundation for the repair of pancreatic cells secreting insulin. Different polymeric scaffolds have been explored for pancreatic tissue engineering. In the current study, a continuation of our preceding work we attempt to test the role of previously synthesized agarose-chitosan coated silver nanocomposite scaffold (AG-CHNp) for the long-term growth of pancreatic cells. Pancreatic cells were isolated from BALB/c mice and were characterized by dithizone (DTZ) staining, real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blotting, and flow cytometry for characteristic pancreatic markers. The isolated population of cells was grown on scaffolds and its effectiveness towards insulin secretion was studied. The isolated population was found to be positive for glucagon, PDX-1 and Pax-4, while a 200-fold change transcript level of insulin was observed. The cells upon seeding on the scaffolds exhibited sustained growth and insulin secretion as confirmed by western blotting. Overall, the study demonstrates the suitability and application of AG-CHNp for pancreatic tissue engineering.
Does COVID-19 Cause New-Onset Diabetes or Unmask Pre-Existing Diabetes?
Authors:   Endocrinology Division, Department of Medicine, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, David-Geffen-UCLA Medical School, CA, USA, Mikhail Nasser
Published: December 2021

Background: Many cases of newly diagnosed diabetes were reported in association with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Objective: To clarify whether COVID-19 triggers new diabetes or unmask pre-existing undiagnosed diabetes. Methods: PubMed search of literature up to February 3, 2021. Search terms included diabetes, COVID-19, diagnosis, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), diabetic ketoacidosis, diabetes ketoacidosis, pancreatitis. Case reports, case series, retrospective studies, reviews, and pertinent in-vitro investigations were reviewed. Results: Retrospective studies and case series suggest that COVID-19 can worsen diabetes control and precipitate hyperglycemic crises in patients admitted to the hospital. Majority of these patients had pre-existing undiagnosed type 2 diabetes as reflected by elevated HbA1c levels on admission. Many patients presenting with hyperglycemia and normal HbA1c levels may have transient stress hyperglycemia. This group of patients are misclassified as new-onset diabetes despite lack of patient follow-up after discharge. Only one case report of possible new-onset diabetes described a patient with pre-diabetes who progressed to severe diabetes 6 weeks following COVID-19 pneumonia. Mechanisms of worsening glycemic control by COVID-19 infection include increased release of cytokines and insulin counter-regulatory hormones. Binding of SARS-CoV-2 to pancreatic β-cells and their subsequent destruction by the virus as another mechanism requires further studies. Conclusion: COVID-19 infection commonly unmasks pre-existing diabetes. Follow-up of patients presenting with new-onset hyperglycemia after hospital discharge is essential to distinguish between stress hyperglycemia and new-onset diabetes.
Long Term Follow-Up of Patients with Nontoxic Benign Nodular Goiter Treated with 131Iodine Therapy
Authors:   University of Santo Tomas Hospital, Manila, Philippines, Antonio Karren L
Published: December 2021

Background: With the advancement of diagnostic modalities, there is an increase in the number of individuals detected with thyroid nodules. There are multiple treatment options for the management of nontoxic benign nodular goiter. Radioactive iodine results in effective goiter size reduction which can be administered as out-patient basis and is an appropriate alternative for patients with higher risk for surgery. Our group have shown the effectiveness of 131Iodine therapy for nodular nontoxic goiters. We aim to determine the long-term effectiveness of radioactive iodine therapy among patients with nodular nontoxic goiter. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with nontoxic benign nodular goiter, negative for malignancy on biopsy who underwent radioactive therapy with a follow-up of ≥36months using ultrasound studies. Thyroid size, number of nodules and size of nodules pre-treatment and ≥36months post-treatment were compared. Results: 63 patients were included with an average follow-up of 73.14 ± 34.87 months. Mean age during radioactive therapy and last follow-up was 41 ± 14 and 47 ± 14 respectively. Significant thyroid size reduction was noted in 92.06% of patients (right thyroid lobe: 47.54 ± 31.25%, left thyroid lobe 47.44 ± 31.82%) while significant reduction in number and size of nodules were noted in 96.82% and 98.41% of patients respectively. No increase in the number of nodules and no development of new nodules were noted among all patients. Conclusion: Radioactive iodine therapy for nontoxic benign nodular goiter produces a sustained reduction in thyroid size, number and size of nodules even after a long follow-up period. Hence, it is a viable alternative to surgical removal of the thyroid offering a lower risk for complication especially among patients who refuse surgery or has a contraindication to surgical management.
Patients’ Preferences’ Impact on Decision Making for Clinical Solitary Thyroid Nodule in a Global Healthcare Setting: A Clinical Study
Authors:   Department of Surgery, Jordan Hospital and Medical Center, Amman, Jordan, Bashir Abdalla Y
Published: December 2021

Objective: Evaluation of patients’ preferences (PP) impact on decision-making for solitary thyroid nodule management. Study Design: A retrospective review of prospectively collected data in patients with clinical solitary nodules admitted for thyroid surgery. PP survey in various management strategies included determinants of surgery, fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), frozen section (FS), and PP for total thyroidectomy (TT) or total lobectomy (TL) compared to guidelines concordance. Results: Thyroid surgery was performed for 558 patients, 75.8% were females and 43.7% were international. FNAC was done in 79.8% and refused by 20.2% due to the misperception that it spreads cancer. The risk of malignancy was the reason for choosing surgery in 35.1%. FS was preferred by 87% of the patients for decision-making (TT vs TL) in our setting with available pathology resources and low FS cost. FS based decisions were more guideline-concordant (79%) with TT performed in 41% patients compared to 74.4% in PP based decisions alone (P < 0.001). 57.9% of the patients preferred surgeon authorization for decision-making when FS was unavailable. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) occurred in 85.3%. FS diagnosed PTC in 79% of the patients with malignant nodules in inconclusive FNACs (Bethesda I, III, IV, and V). Conclusion: Decisions (TT vs TL) based on PP and beliefs compared to FS based decisions were less guideline-concordant (21% vs 79%) with more TT performed (74.4% vs 41%) (P < 0.001). Advancing patients’ knowledge on their disease, guidelines, and equipoise awareness is needed for better-shared decision-making.
Tinospora cordifolia Miers. (Menispermaceae): A New Source for the Treatment of Psoriasis
Authors: Jadhav Dinesh
Published: December 2021

The stem of Tinospora cordifolia Miers. (Menispermaceae) cure psoriasis (A condition characterized by the eruption of circumscribed discrete and confluent reddish, silvery scaled lesions). Modern medicines do not have any cure of the disease, except their temporary relief. However, traditional herbal remedies do have a cure. This species is excellent remedy for psoriasis.
TRATAMENTO NUTRICIONAL NOS TRANSTORNOS ALIMENTARES E A IMPORTÂNCIA DA EQUIPE MULTIDISCIPLINAR: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Silva Ananda Alves Teodoro da , Rangel Clara Christine de Souza , Morais Hortência Costa Freire de , Bizari Leilane
Published: December 2021

Introdução: Os transtornos alimentares (TA) são identificados também como transtornos psiquiátricos e possuem etiologia multifatorial e são caracterizados por uma preocupação excessiva com a alimentação e imagem corporal. Os principais tipos de transtornos alimentares são anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN) e o transtorno da compulsão alimentar periódica (TCAP). Os TA se fazem complexos no manejo e na terapia nutricional, com isso a inserção de uma equipe multidisciplinar de terapia nutricional (EMTN) para melhor atendimento dos pacientes que apresentam essa doença, se faz necessário. O nutricionista tem papel fundamental na EMTN e está presente em 100% das equipes, sendo um profissional indispensável, contribuindo em todas as etapas do acompanhamento da terapia nutricional. Objetivo: apresentar de forma clara e concisa o manejo da terapia nutricional nos principais transtornos alimentares como AN, BN e TCAP e a importância da Equipe Multidisciplinar (EMTN). Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão de literatura, de publicações feitas entre 2010 e 2020, nas bases de dados PUBMED, Google Acadêmico, BVS e Periódico Capes. Resultados: após pesquisa nos bancos de dados, foram encontrados 704 artigos. Foram aplicados os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, realizado o descarte dos duplicados e após a leitura dos títulos e resumos foram selecionados 18 artigos. Conclusão: diante desses achados, constatou-se complexidade dos transtornos alimentares e a importância da adesão e da intervenção precoce para melhor prognóstico do paciente e menores taxas de recidivas. Portanto, o papel da equipe multidisciplinar é fundamental para o sucesso do tratamento dos transtornos alimentares. Palavras-chave: Anorexia nervosa; Bulimia nervosa; Transtorno de compulsão alimentar periódica; Terapia nutricional; Equipe de assistência ao paciente
Avaliação do uso de ozônio em temperaturas de leite cru refrigerado na contagem de psicrotróficos
Authors: Maziero João Pedro , Santos Carolina Toledo , Santos Pricila Veiga dos , Pereira Juliano Gonçalves
Published: December 2021

A qualidade do leite cru está associada às boas práticas de ordenha proveniente de rebanhos sadios e com refrigeração obrigatória do leite cru na granja leiteira entre 4 e 7° C, podendo chegar até, no máximo, 9° C durante a coleta final (BRASIL 2018). Embora a refrigeração seja eficaz para aumentar a vida útil do leite cru, a manutenção das baixas temperaturas favorece a multiplicação de bactérias psicrotróficas, que produzem proteases e lipases termorresistentes, que permanecendo ativas mesmo após a pasteurização, podem afetar negativamente, tanto o próprio leite, quanto seus derivados (RIBEIRO et al., 2018). Visando reduzir a contagem de microrganismos psicrotróficos no leite cru, o presente trabalho avaliou a eficácia da aplicação de ozônio, considerado um bactericida verde por não ser poluente e não deixar resíduos no alimento, diretamente no tanque de resfriamento. As amostras de leite cru foram obtidas de um rebanho saudável e recolhidas diretamente do tanque de resfriamento da propriedade e armazenadas em frascos estéreis com volume de 6 litros sob refrigeração (4 e 9° C). A aplicação do ozônio seguiu delineamento fatorial com variáveis independentes sendo as temperaturas do leite (4 e 9° C) e os tempos de exposição ao ozônio (5 e 15 minutos) utilizando Gerador de Ozônio N202F Bivolt 500mg/h O³ Disinfector - Diluka Power. Foram retiradas amostras antes e após a ozonização. As amostras foram então armazenadas por 48 horas sob refrigeração (4° C) para permitir a proliferação da flora psicrotrófica. O teor de psicrotróficos e a contagem bacteriana total das amostras e do grupo controle foram avaliados em meio ágar bacteriológico PCA por 10 dias a 7° C e a 36° C por 24 horas, respectivamente. A aplicação de ozônio foi eficaz em reduzir a contagem de microrganismos psicrotróficos no tempo de 5 minutos a 4° C, esse resultado é extremamente satisfatório, visto que, a temperatura de aplicação é a mesma aplicada aos tanques de refrigeração nas propriedades, o que permitiria, facilmente, a aplicação nas próprias fazendas. Agradecimentos Agradecemos à equipe do Serviço de Orientação à Alimentação Pública da FMVZ-Unesp e ao proprietário da fazenda por disponilibizar o material utilizado na pesquisa. Referências BRASIL. Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento. Instrução normativa nº 76, de 26 de novembro de 2018. Regulamentos Técnicos que fixam a identidade e as características de qualidade que devem apresentar o leite cru refrigerado, o leite pasteurizado e o leite pasteurizado tipo A. Diário Oficial da União, Brasília, 2018. RIBEIRO JÚNIOR, J. C.et al. The main spoilage1 related psychrotrophic bacteria in refrigerated raw milk. Journal of dairy science, v. 101, n. 1, p. 75-83, 2018. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Microbiologia dos alimentos, Qualidade do leite, Tecnologia verde
AGRONEGÓCIO: A ATUAÇÃO DO ENGENHEIRO DE PRODUÇÃO NOS PROCESSOS DE CAMPO
Authors: SANTOS Italo Coutinho dos , OLIVEIRA Vinicius Fernandes de , MASSON Fábio Junior , LEAL Luciano , OLIVEIRA Maria Ester de
Published: December 2021

O agronegócio no Brasil é de grande importancia, o país oferece grandes condições para que essa área seja ampla envolvendo muitos fatores de produção como, por exemplo: a criação de gado, a venda e produção de produtos agrícolas,usinas de produção de álcool, a estocagem de grãos entre outros fatores. No Brasila evolução do agronegócio só tem aumentado nos últimos anos, as condições climáticas são muito adversas em várias regiões facilitando bastante a vida dosprodutores com seus cultivos e criações tanto no crescimento da safra como apreparação do solo tanto para o plantio como para a preparação do pasto. Assim,se tratando do agronegocio, tal aspecto se torna mais relevante, tendo em vista que, diferentemente de outros setores econômicos, não possui capacidade própria deformação de preço, este é determinado pelo mercado. O agronegócio sempre ocupou posição de destaque na economia e exige profissionais bem capacitados para a execução das mais diversas atividades para participar do processo produtivo e influenciar os resultados. Os objetivos do presente trabalho circundaram entre descrever a importância do agronegócio no Brasil, sobretudo nas cidades de menor porte; apresentar o papel do engenheiro de produção no agronegócio; realizar o levantamento bibliográfico para compreender a importância do agronegócio com o auxílio do engenheiro de produção; analisar as aplicações práticas do engenheiro de produção no agronegócio. Para que alcançasse o almejado, o trabalho foi dividido em quatro etapas, que consiste no levantamento de dados a partir de referencial bibliográfico, a eleição dos dados e informações relacionando o engenheiro de produção com o agronegócio; o caráter multidisciplinar da engenharia de produção; e a identificação das principiais áreas de atuação do engenheiro de produção voltado para o agronegócio. Pelo seu caráter multidisciplinar, a engenharia de produção se faz necessária em agência bancárias, pois este irá aumentar significativamente aretenção de lucros, tendo em vista que ele irá gerir melhor os projetos e métodos, iráfacilitar o processo de traçar o perfil do produtor, aplicando na prática os processosde pessoas que este viu nos bancos da faculdade, além de dispor dos recursos necessários para a produção e o produtor. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: agronegócio, engenharia de produção, aperfeiçoamento
A MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA NO CONTEXTO DE SAÚDE PÚBLICA
Authors: Batista Mariana Larissa
Published: December 2021

A colaboração eficaz entre profissionais de saúde humanos e veterinários é essencial para o eficaz controle de surtos de doenças emergentes em um estágio inicial. Médicos veterinários em todos os aspectos da profissão possuem a oportunidade e responsabilidade de zelar pela saúde e bem-estar das pessoas em tudo o que fazem, incluindo a proteção da segurança alimentar, a abordagem de ameaças à sensibilidade aos antibióticos, a prevenção e controle de doenças infecciosas e zoonóticas emergentes, a proteção de ambientes e ecossistemas, a participação na preparação e resposta ao bio e agro-terrorismo, o uso de suas habilidades para enfrentar doenças não zoonóticas (como malária, HIV/AIDS, doenças evitáveis por vacinas, doenças crônicas e lesões), o fortalecimento da infraestrutura de saúde pública e o avanço da ciência médica por meio da pesquisa. Palavras-chave: Zoonose. Medicina Veterinária. Saúde Única.
ABORDAGEM NUTRICIONAL A PACIENTES SUBMETIDOS AO TCTH: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Rameh Clorisana Abreu , Santos Carolina Vargas de Oliveira
Published: December 2021

Introdução: O Transplante de Células Tronco Hematopoiéticas (TCTH) é uma modalidade terapêutica consagrada para o tratamento de grande variedade de doenças hematológicas benignas e malignas. A doença de base e o regime de condicionamento pré TCTH causam alterações metabólicas e hormonais, estresse psicológico e dor, interferindo negativamente no sucesso do TCTH e na qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Apresentar o relato de experiência da abordagem nutricional em um serviço de TCTH. Metodologia: Trata-se de um relato de experiência sobre a atuação da equipe de nutrição no cuidado aos pacientes assistidos pelo setor de onco-hematologia de um hospital público de ensino submetidos ao TCTH. Resultados: os pacientes submetidos ao TCTH passam pelo regime de condicionamento que antecede o transplante e sofrem consequências inerentes a esse tratamento. Além disso, durante a internação, permanecem isolados, perdem a autonomia e a privacidade, implicando o desenvolvimento de quadros de ansiedade, medo e angústia que repercutem na ingestão alimentar e levam ao risco de desnutrição, sarcopenia e pior prognóstico. Para prevenir esse desfecho, a equipe de nutrição acompanha os pacientes em três momentos do tratamento: consulta pré-transplante, durante a internação e consulta pós-transplante. Na consulta pré-transplante é realizada a anamnese para conhecer a história da doença atual, identificar os hábitos, preferências e aversões alimentares e determinar o diagnóstico nutricional do paciente. Nesse momento orienta-se sobre a importância da alimentação como parte do tratamento e inicia-se as intervenções necessárias. Durante a internação é realizada a triagem nutricional logo após a admissão e iniciado o acompanhamento diário do paciente, no qual são monitorados os eventos de interesse para a nutrição, como sintomas gastrointestinais (náuseas, vômitos, diarreia), ingestão alimentar, hidratação, presença de mucosite e estado nutricional. Orientações e ajustes diários no cardápio são realizados para auxiliar no controle de sintomas, melhorar aceitação em caso de hiporexia e garantir um aporte nutricional (calórico e proteico) adequado durante todo o período de hospitalização. Na consulta pós-transplante o paciente recebe orientações para dieta neutropênica, além de acompanhamento individualizado. Conclusão: O presente trabalho demonstra a importância da abordagem do profissional nutricionista aos pacientes submetidos do TCTH, pois o estado nutricional desses pacientes é considerado fator de risco e pode influenciar diretamente na qualidade de vida e na tolerância ao tratamento proposto. O cuidado nutricional com acolhimento e atenção, abordando o sujeito de forma integral, respeitando sua história, sua cultura e sua subjetividade é peça chave para se obter um melhor prognóstico. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: nutrição, Transplante de Células Tronco Hematopoiéticas, cuidado nutricional
AVALIAÇÃO DA MOBILIDADE E DA RESISTÊNCIA MUSCULAR LOMBOPÉLVICA EM BAILARINAS JOVENS
Authors: Padilha Vitoria Hamdan , Maciel Eduardo Timm , Graup Susane , Lara Simone
Published: December 2021

As características de exacerbada demanda física do Ballet, decorrentes de exercícios repetitivos de flexão, hiperextensão e rotação da coluna vertebral têm sido associadas a elevados índices de injúrias lombossacrais. Essas lesões parecem estar condicionadas ao movimento lombopélvico ineficiente, visto que o Ballet favorece um desequilíbrio de forças entre a musculatura anterior e posterior de tronco. Defronte este cenário, o presente estudo objetivou avaliar a mobilidade e a resistência muscular lombopélvica de bailarinas jovens. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo descritivo de corte transversal, que incluiu uma amostra por conveniência, composta por bailarinas praticantes de Ballet clássico de um estúdio de dança do município de Uruguaiana-RS, no ano de 2021. Visando avaliar a mobilidade de tronco, as bailarinas foram submetidas a dois testes: Leg Lateral Reach Test e Lumbar Locked Rotation Test . Quanto à avaliação da resistência muscular, optou-se por analisar três grupos musculares: extensores lombares, flexores lombares e abdominais. Para verificar a correlação entre as variáveis foi utilizado o Teste de Pearson. O projeto foi aprovado no Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa sob o parecer nº 4.587.592. Participaram do estudo 14 bailarinas, com idade média de 14,3 anos, estatura média de 157cm e peso corporal médio de 47,7kg que, em média, possuíam experiência de 6,7 anos com o Ballet, participando de aulas aproximadamente 3 vezes por semana. Ao analisar a correlação das medidas de mobilidade com as de resistência muscular, foi possível perceber que a mobilidade lombar apresentou correlação moderada significativa com a resistência muscular lombopelvica (r=0,682; p=0,007). Entretanto, foi possível identificar uma correlação inversamente proporcional e significante entre a mobilidade torácica e a resistência muscular de extensores de tronco (r=-0,640; p=0,014). Com base nos resultados, foi possível evidenciar que desajustes biomecânicos são capazes de causar desequilíbrios funcionais, afetando a manutenção adequada de estruturas corporais. Isto posto, sugere-se a aplicação de intervenções preventivas direcionadas ao complexo lombopélvico de bailarinas jovens, de modo a minimizar a ocorrência de patologias musculoesqueléticas e maximizar a performance na dança. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Avaliação, Bailarinas, Complexo Lombopélvico
Self-Directed Learning Through Computer-Aided Mathematics Instruction: First-Year Teacher Education Experience
Authors: Adelabu Folake Modupe , Ngwabe Abongile , Alex Jogymol
Published: December 2021

Objective: The study investigates first-year teacher education students’ self-directed learning through Computer-Aided Mathematics Instruction (CAMI).Methods: A total of 230 first-year mathematics teachers specialising in Further Education and Training (FET) phase teaching participated in the study, where responses from 50 student teachers were purposively and conveniently selected to report on in this paper. A qualitative research method approach was used and open–ended questionnaires were utilised to collect the data for first-year teacher education students’ self-directed learning. The questionnaires were analysed using descriptive data analysis.Results: Results of the study revealed that CAMI was used to monitor students’ learning, the time the learning takes place, the performance of the student within the duration of time, and to evaluate student performance. The results also revealed the skills that characterised self-directed learning and active learning where the student teachers were motivated to learn more and to solve difficult problems in mathematics.Conclusions: The study recommends technology integration, such as CAMI, in teacher education and teaching and learning in the Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), to promote self-directed learning and support effective learning for future learners.
High aerosol loading over mega city Delhi in the western Indo-Gangetic plain : Optical characteristics
Authors: ATTRI S. D. , SONI V. K. , TIWARI S. , SRIVASTAVA A. K. , TIWARI SHANI , TANEJA KANIKA
Published: December 2021

Measurements of aerosol optical properties were carried out at an urban mega city Delhi, which is situated in the western Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) region in north India using an automatic sun/sky radiometer during 2006-2008. The present study revealed high aerosol loading over the station, which could be due to its topography surrounded by different natural and anthropogenic emission sources, and may have major implications towards health, air quality and climate system. Results show a large variability in AOD during the study period, with nearly equal values during winter (0.67 ± 0.06) and summer (0.71 ± 0.11). The Ångström exponent (AE) values were found to be relatively higher during winter (1.19 ± 0.07, suggests dominance of fine-mode aerosols) and lower during summer (0.74±0.06, suggests dominance of coarse-mode aerosols). A slight decrease in single scattering albedo (SSA) was observed during the study period, with a mean value of ~0.9. SSA was found to be about 0.93 during post-monsoon and 0.96 during the winter period whereas during summer and monsoon, SSA was about 0.95. The estimated monthly absorption Ångström exponent (AAE) values over the station varied from 0.11 to 1.87, which were found to be less than 1.0 by ~55% time (mostly during winter and monsoon), and greater than 1.0 by ~45% time (mostly during summer and post-monsoon).
Climatology and trend of cold waves over India during 1971-2010
Authors: NAIR SMITHA ANIL , PAI D. S. , RAJEEVAN M.
Published: December 2021

Using Cold Wave (CW) information of 86 stations from Indian main land during the cold weather season (November to March) for the last 40 years (1971-2010), various statistical aspects of cold waves (CWs) and severe cold waves (SCWs) such as climatology and trend were examined. The link of CWs/SCWs with ENSO phases (La Nina & El Nino) was also examined. It was observed that many stations from north, northwest, east and central India together named as core CW zone (CCZ) experienced highest number of CW/SCW waves with relatively higher frequency during January.  Noticeable decrease (increase) in the frequency and spatial coverage of CW/SCW days compared to their climatological values were observed during the El Nino (La Nina) years. There were significant decreasing trends in the CW/SCW days over most of the stations from CCZ. The total number of CW/SCW days/per decade over CCZ showed noticeable decrease during the recent decades 1991-2000 and 2001-2010, which coincided with the warmest decades for the country as well as for the globe. Associated with intense and persistent CW/SCW events, large human mortality were reported during some years of the study period.
The Energy-Momentum Balance of Radiation Emitted by a Charged Particle in Relativistic Motion
Authors: Yakovlev Valerian
Published: December 2021

Methodical work containing the elementary derivation of the energy-momentum balance at the relativistic charged particle radiation reached at the expense of using the rate of energy loss by a independent of radiation power