bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards structuring contextual information for workflow-driven surgical assistance functionalities
Authors: Franke Stefan , Neumuth Thomas
Published: September 2015

A workflow-driven cooperative working environment needs to be established in order to successfully unburden the surgeon and the OR staff from technical configuration and information-seeking tasks. An important prerequisite for autonomous situationaware adaptation of medical devices is a comprehensive representation of the operating context regarding the surgical process and situation.

We propose a hierarchical structuring of process-related and situation-related information entities and include assessment scores that intraoperative workflow information systems may provide via OR networks. The conducted experiments on the proposed assessment scores included sixty recorded brain tumour removal procedures and considered 344 distinguishable surgical situations.

A comprehensive modelling of surgical situations and process context will be a significant pre-requisite for reliable autonomous adaptation of medical devices and systems in digital operating rooms.
Towards a framework for standardized semantic workflow modeling and management in the surgical domain
Authors: Neumann Juliane , Neumuth Thomas
Published: September 2015

An essential aspect for workflow management support in operating room environments is the description and visualization of the underlying processes and activities in a machine readable format as Surgical Process Models (SPM). However, the process models often vary in terms of granularity, naming and representation of process elements and their modeling structure. The aim of this paper is to present a new methodology for standardized semantic workflow modeling and a framework for semantic work-flow execution and management in the surgical domain.
Closed-loop approach for situation awareness of medical devices and operating room infrastructure
Authors: Rockstroh Max , Franke Stefan , Neumuth Thomas
Published: September 2015

In recent years, approaches for information and control integration in the digital operating room have emerged. A major step towards an intelligent operating room and a cooperative technical environment would be autonomous adaptation of medical devices and systems to the surgical workflow. The OR staff should be freed from information seeking and maintenance tasks. We propose a closed-loop concept integrating workflow monitoring, processing and (semi-)automatic interaction to bridge the gap between OR integration of medical devices and workflow-related information management.

Four steps were identified for the implementation of workflow-driven assistance functionalities. The processing steps in the closed loop of workflow-driven assistance could either be implemented with centralized responsible components or in a cooperative agent-based approach. However, both strategies require a common framework and terminology to ensure interoperability between the components, the medical devices (actors) and the OR infrastructure.
MR imaging of model drug distribution in simulated vitreous
Authors: Stein Sandra , Simroth-Loch Christian , Langner Sönke , Hadlich Stefan , Stachs Oliver , Grabow Niels , Guthoff Rudolf , Weitschies Werner , Seidlitz Anne
Published: September 2015

The in vitro and in vivo characterization of intravitreal injections plays an important role in developing innovative therapy approaches. Using the established vitreous model (VM) and eye movement system (EyeMoS) the distribution of contrast agents with different molecular weight was studied in vitro. The impact of the simulated age-related vitreal liquefaction (VL) on drug distribution in VM was examined either with injection through the gel phase or through the liquid phase. For comparison the distribution was studied ex vivo in the porcine vitreous. The studies were performed in a magnetic resonance (MR) scanner. As expected, with increasing molecular weight the diffusion velocity and the visual distribution of the injected substances decreased. Similar drug distribution was observed in VM and in porcine eye. VL causes enhanced convective flow and faster distribution in VM. Confirming the importance of the injection technique in progress of VL, injection through gelatinous phase caused faster distribution into peripheral regions of the VM than following injection through liquefied phase. VM and MR scanner in combination present a new approach for the in vitro characterization of drug release and distribution of intravitreal dosage forms.
Studying the extracellular contribution to the double wave vector diffusion-weighted signal
Authors: Ulloa Patricia , Wottschel Viktor , Koch Martin A.
Published: September 2015

The use of two independent diffusion periods between excitation and acquisition, known as double wave vector (DWV) diffusion-weighting or double diffusion encoding, was proven to yield structural information that it is otherwise not easily available in vivo. Comparing the signal difference between relative diffusion gradient orientations, the antiparallel-parallel and the parallel-perpendicular differences yield information on pore size and shape, respectively. However, results in vivo provided larger pore sizes than expected for axons in the corticospinal tract. This study exploits DWV sensitivity to pore shape and aims to obtain information on the extracellular contributions to the DWV pore size results presented here. The in vivo DWV experiments resulted in a positive parallel-perpendicular difference which is consistent with an irregularly shaped pore dominating the origin of the signal.
Improving image quality in EIT imaging by measurement of thorax excursion
Authors: Schullcke Benjamin , Gong Bo , Krueger-Ziolek Sabine , Moeller Knut
Published: September 2015

Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is used to visualize the regional ventilation of the lungs using voltage measurements on the surface of the thorax. Unfortunately the image reconstruction process is sensitive to shape deformation. During breathing the inevitable expansion of the thorax influences measured boundary voltages which leads to artifacts in the reconstructed images. A camera based motion-tracking-system was used to measure thorax excursion during breathing and systematically modify measured voltages. Results indicate that image artefacts can be reduced if the measured voltages are modified based on the measured thorax excursion.
A clustering based dual model framework for EIT imaging: first experimental results
Authors: Gong Bo , Schullcke Benjamin , Krueger-Ziolek Sabine , Moeller Knut
Published: September 2015

Electrical Impedance tomography (EIT) imaging suffers greatly from the illposedness of the corresponding inverse problem. This is mainly caused by the high degree of freedom and the relatively large noise. One attempt to circumvent these difficulties is to use dual models. This article introduces a clustering based non-uniform dual model construction. With this framework, finite elements are grouped to reduce the complexity in inverse computations. The simulation and experiment results indicated that the k-means clustering method did not only preserve the sharp variations over conductivity mediums but also greatly filtered out artefacts found in the standard approach.
Interactive visualization of cardiac anatomy and atrial excitation for medical diagnosis and research
Authors: Bauer Silvio , Oesterlein Tobias , Schmidt Jochen , Dössel Olaf
Published: September 2015

State of the art biomedical engineering allows for acquiring enormous amounts of intracardiac data to aid diagnosis and treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. Modern catheters, which are used to acquire electrical information from within the heart, are capable of recording up to 64 channels simultaneously. The software available for data analysis, however, does not provide adequate performance to neither analyze nor visualize the acquired information in an appropriate manner. We present a software package that fascilitates interdisciplinary collaborations between engineers and physicians to adress open questions about pathophysiological mechanisms using data from everyday electrophysiogical studies. Therefore, a package has been compiled that enables algorithm development using MATLAB and subsequent visualization using the VTK C++ class libraries. The resulting application KaPAVIE, which is presented in this paper, is designed to meet the requirements from the clinical side and has been successfully applied in the clinical environment.
Evaluation of an algorithm to choose between competing models of respiratory mechanics
Authors: Kretschmer Jörn , Riedlinger Axel , Möller Knut
Published: September 2015

Model based decision support helps in optimizing therapy settings for individual patients while providing additional insight into a patient’s disease state through the identified model parameters. Using multiple models with different simulation focus and complexity allows adapting decision support to the current clinical situation and the available data. A previously presented set of numerical criteria allows selecting the best model based on fit quality, model complexity, and how well the parameter values are defined by the presented data. To systematically evaluate those criteria in an algorithm we have created insilico data sets using four different respiratory mechanics models with three different parameter settings each. Each of those artificial patients was ventilated with three different manoeuvres and the resulting data was used to identify the same models used to create the data. The selection algorithm was then presented with the results to select the best model. Not considering determinateness of the identified model parameters, the algorithm chose the same model that was used to create the data in 78%, a more complex model in 5% and a less complex model in 18% of all cases. When including the determinateness of model parameters in the decision process, the algorithm chose the same model in 42% of the cases and a less complex model in 56% of all cases. In 2% of the presented cases, no model complied with the required criteria.
Numerical and experimental flow analysis in centifluidic systems for rapid allergy screening tests
Authors: Dethloff Manuel , Dangers Marc , Wilmes Boris , Seitz Hermann
Published: September 2015

For the development of the automated processing of a membrane-based rapid allergy test, the flow characteristics in one part of the test, the reagents module, are analysed. This module consists of a multichannel system with several inputs and one output. A return flow from one input channel into another should be avoided. A valveless module with pointed channels at an angle of 12° is analysed with numerical and experimental methods with regard to the flow characteristics.
Der neue Spinozismus und das Verhältnis von deskriptiver und revisionärer Metaphysik
Authors: Renz Ursula
Published: September 2015

Relying on the assumption that Spinoza makes a double use of the principle of sufficient reason, Michael Della Rocca has defended a reconstruction of Spinoza’s approach as a metaphysical outlook according to which all particulars vanish in the only and one divine substance. This implies nothing less than a radical attempt to suggest a new and completely revisionary form of metaphysics. After a short discussion of Strawson’s distinction between revisionary and descriptive metaphysics and an exposition of the basic principles of Della Rocca’s interpretation, I critically assess his attack of the use of intuitions in analytic philosophy. After discussing the extent to which the first book of Spinoza’s Ethics is appropriately described as a revisionary project, I conclude with an argument for the necessity of both descriptive and revisionary elements in metaphysics.
Macht und Menge
Authors: Saar Martin
Published: September 2015

The current enthusiasm for the original and radical democratic nature of Spinoza’s political philosophy is not easy to justify, given the elusive character of his few systematic remarks on democracy. But the Ethics as well as the political writings contain a substantial political theory centered on the figure of the multitudo (or people) that proves useful for current theorizing. It can help to conceive of democracy not only as form-of-state but as form-of-life; it might serve as the starting point for a conception of non-identitarian, “heterogeneous democracy”; and it can provide a model for understanding political philosophy as political ontology.
Optimal Design of Nozzle for Supersonic Atmosphere Plasma Spraying
Authors: Wei Pei , Wei Zhengying , Zhao Guangxi , Bai Y. , Tan Chao
Published: September 2015

Through numerical simulation, key issues concerning the plasma jet features as well as the sizes of nozzle for supersonic atmosphere plasma spraying (SAPS) were analyzed in this paper. Numerical results were compared with the experimental measurements and a good agreement has been achieved. Due to the effect of mechanical compression, the increasing sizes ofr1,r2,r3andr4(r1,r2,r3andr4are the sizes of nozzle) lead to a decrease in temperature and velocity of plasma jet. But large size ofr5can increase the external temperature and velocity of plasma jet, which benefit particles accelerating at the far downstream region. A new nozzle was designed based on the simulation results. Compared to the temperature and velocity of plasma jet in the original nozzle, the maximum temperature and velocity of plasma jet in new structure are increased by about 9.8% and 44.5%, which is a benefit to the particles to reach a higher speed and surface temperature.
Character strengths in Chinese philosophies: relevance to service leadership
Authors: Shek Daniel T.L. , Sun Rachel C.F. , Liu Ting Ting
Published: September 2015

According to the Hong Kong Institute of Service Leadership and Management, moral character or character strength is an important attribute of an effective service leader. In connection to this, “Character Strengths in Chinese Philosophies” is one of the lecture topics taught in a course titled “Service Leadership” in a university in Hong Kong. Several topics are covered in that lecture. First, the relevance of Chinese philosophies to service leadership is discussed. Second, the core virtues in Confucian thoughts are presented. Third, the relevance of Confucian virtues to service leadership is examined. Finally, conclusions and reflections on the relevance of Confucian virtues to service leadership are outlined. In addition to one warm-up activity at the beginning of the lecture, three major activities are designed for related parts of the content. During the lecture, students are encouraged to reflect on their qualities in terms of Confucian virtues and explore effective ways to promote the development of such virtues.
Nonlinear Damage and Failure Behavior of Brittle Rock Subjected to Impact Loading
Authors: Wang Yi-Xian , Cao Ping , Huang Yong-Heng , Chen Rui , Li Jiang-Teng
Published: September 2015

The damage and fragmentation of rock induced by impact loading is one of typical nonlinear problems in underground engineering. Rock specimen such as rock plate was found to become invalid under impact loading. This paper presents brittle fragmentation for dynamic damage of rock plate based on the edge-on impact (EOI) test with varying impact velocities (10 m s
-1
to 40 m s
-1) and impact angles. High-speed camera was used to study the relation among crack initiation and propagation, impact velocity and impact angle. The patterns of fracture of the crack under impact are observed and the influence of impact angle on the growth of the crack is analyzed. The results demonstrate that only when the impact velocity is less than a critical value does a damaged zone, whose size increases with the impact velocity, appear on the edge of the sample. When the velocity exceeds the critical value, some radial cracks occur around the damaged zone and extend outward from the boundaries of damaged zone. The radial crack length and damaged zone increase with impact velocity and are influenced by the impact angle. However, at a certain velocity, the damage zone decreases and the crack length increase. It shows that there was an obvious incubation period of crack forming. According to test results, the study found that the impact velocity of this jump is about 25 m s
-1
–3 m s
-1
and scope of the impact resistance optimized angle is about 15
°
–30
°
.
Orientation-dependent Constitutive Model with Nonlinear Elasticity for Shocked β-HMX Single Crystal
Authors: Wu Yan-Qing , Huang Feng-Lei
Published: September 2015

As orientation-dependence of shock-induced thermal responses and chemical reactions in energetic single crystals are related to anisotropic mechanical behavior, a crystal plasticity model for low-symmetric β-HMX single crystal with only limited operative slip systems has been developed. The model accounts for nonlinear elasticity, volumetric coupled with deviatoric behavior, and thermo-dynamical consistency. Simulations of planar impact on β-HMX single crystal show good agreement with existing particle velocity experimental data. An important feature of the model is its capability to capture the evolution of elastic-plastic wave profiles. The model provides new perspective to a range of complex, orientation-dependent mechanical and thermal behaviors than isotropic elastic-plastic constitutive descriptions. Pressure wave profiles show multiple fluctuations for single crystals with different orientations compared to that of isotropic medium. Simulated bulk temperature distribution and evolution with various characteristic features for different orientation single crystals are compared and discussed. Simulations for bicrystal samples show that the evolution and pattern of temperatures in different crystal pairs have great variations. Given that explosive grains are crystalline, the anisotropy of a crystal may be one of the sources of nonuniform temperature distribution.
CD4+ T Cell Counting by Impedance Measurement on a Chip with Fluidic Electrodes
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Wei Qiong , Zhu Tao , Huang Jianyong , Yu Min , Sha Yinlin , Xiong Chunyang , Fang Jing
Published: September 2015

A practical label-free method for counting CD4+ T cells is proposed on the basis of a microfluidic chip with fluidic electrodes. With the help of hydrodynamic focusing, two sheath flows of KCl solution, serving as electric conductors to replace solid metal electrodes, are used to squeeze the cell suspension. By measuring the electrical impedances between the fluidic electrodes, a linear relationship is found between the logarithmic value of cell concentration and the impedance value (R2 = 0.97). The detection limit of CD4+ T lymphocytes reaches as low as ∼10 cells·µL−1, Both the CD4+ T cell concentration of the nude mice group and that of the normal group were counted to further test the function of the chip system, which indicated that there existed significant differences between these groups, showing the approach is valid for identifying immunodeficiency.
Biosensing using hairpin DNA probes
Authors: Huang Jiahao , Wu Jueqi , Li Zhigang
Published: September 2015

Hairpin DNA probes (HDPs) are specially designed single-stranded DNA and have excellent sensing specificity. The past decade has witnessed the fast development of HDP-based biosensors due to the tremendous applications in biology, medicine, environmental science, and engineering. Their detectable targets include nucleic acids, proteins, small molecules, and metal ions. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in HDP-based biosensors by categorizing them into molecular beacon (MB)-based sensing in homogeneous systems and other HDP-based solid-state sensors. The basic design of MBs with diverse signaling pairs is introduced first. Then, various detectable targets and the detection principles of all HDP-based biosensors are extensively discussed. Furthermore, the methods for amplifying the response signal and improving the detection performance are covered. Finally, the limitations and possible solutions about the sensors are discussed.
DAMPAK LNG ACADEMY TERHADAP KESIAPAN TENAGA KERJA BARU DI BADAK LNG
Authors: Sunaryo Busori , Nugroho Feri Sulistyo , Irkham Agus M
Published: September 2015

LNG Academy diharapkan mampu menghasilkan individu yang memiliki kemampuan tinggi dan bisa memadukan antara pendidikan dan dunia industri. Hal ini juga mendukung program pemerintah dalam mengurangi tingkat pengangguran, terutama lulusan perguruan tinggi. Program management trainee di Badak LNG, lulusan dari LNG academy menbutuhkan waktu 6 bulan untuk melalui tahap pelatihan kerja serta pelatihan kerja khusus. Sedangkan lulusan program MT di luar LNG academy biasanya membutuhkan waktu 18 bulan untuk melalui masa training. Artinya ini akan menghemat 12 bulan. Sejak kelar perdana di kampus, siswa sudah diperkenalkan dengan lingkungan kerja pada perusahaan gas alam. Oleh karena itu, lulusan LNG academy yang bekerja di Badak LNG tidak menemukan kesulitan berarti saat beradaptasi dengan lingkungan kerja. Dalam jangka pendek mereka dapat langsung siap bekerja dan mengetahui betapa strategis dampak dari bisnis gas alam cair dalam peta pembangunan nasional.

LNG Academy is able to produce individuals (output) who have a considerably high link and match between education and industrial world. It also supports the governmental programs in reducing unemployment rates, especially the individuals graduated from university. It can also overcome the issue related to duration. Badak LNG Management Trainees, graduated from LNG Academy class, need only 6 months to pass the On Job Training as well as Job Specific Training. Whereas the MT graduated from outside the LNG Academy usually need 18 months in order to pass the trainings. It means that there are 12 months which can be saved (outcome).  Since the early classes in the academy, the students have been introduced to the working ecosystem of the liquid natural gas company. Therefore, LNG Academy graduates who work for Badak LNG have no significant difficulty adapting with the working ecosystem, whether it is related to the working mechanism or other working cultures. In a short duration, they can be directly working-ready and understand how strategic it is the liquid natural gas business field in national and development issues (impact).
PENGEMBANGAN DAERAH BERDASARKAN TIPOLOGI PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DAN KETIMPANGAN SEKTOR DI WILAYAH KEDUNG SEPUR
Authors: Suseno Deky Aji
Published: September 2015

Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan analisis tipologi pertumbuhan ekonomi dan ketimpangan sektor di wilayah Kedung Sepur, yang selanjutnya dapat menerapkan strategi pengembangan perekonomian di wilayah Kedung Sepur berdasarkan tipologi pertumbuhan ekonomi dan ketimpangan sektor.Metode analisis menggunakan tipologi pertumbuhan ekonomi dan ketimpangan sektoral serta analisis deskriptif.Hasilnya adalah Kabupaten Demak dan Grobogan (Purwodadi) masuk pada klasifikasi daerah dengan pertumbuhan dan ketimpangan sektoral dibawah rata-rata.Kota dan Kabupaten Semarang masuk pada klasifikasi daerah dengan pertumbuhan PDRB dan ketimpangan sektoralnya diatas rata-rata.Sedangkan Kabupaten Kendal dan Kota Salatiga mempunyai pertumbuhan PDRB diatas rata-rata dan ketimpangan sektoralnya dibawah rata-rata.Fokus strategi pembangunan ekonomi yang harus dilakukan adalah sesuai dengan posisi klasifikasi daerah.Demak dan Grobogan fokus pada pertumbuhan ekonomi.Kota dan Kabupaten Semarang fokus pada pemerataan pendapatan sektoralnya.Kabupaten Kendal dan Kota Salatiga sudah baik, hanya perlu mempertahankan kondisi tersebut.

This study aimed to analyze the typology of economic growth and inequality in the region Kedung railroad sector, which in turn can implement economic development strategies in the region Kedung railroad based typology of economic growth and inequality sektor.Metode typology analysis using economic growth and sectoral imbalances and analysis is deskriptif.Hasilnya Demak and Grobogan (Purwodadi) entered in the classification of areas with growth and sectoral imbalances below the rata.Kota and Semarang district entered on the classification of regions with GDP growth and sectoral imbalances above the rata.Sedangkan Kendal and Salatiga has a GDP growth above average and below the average sectoral imbalances rata.Fokus economic development strategy that should be done is in accordance with the position classification and Grobogan daerah.Demak ekonomi.Kota focus on growth and Semarang District focus on income distribution sektoralnya.Kabupaten Kendal and had good Salatiga , only need to maintain these conditions.
FAKTOR DETERMINAN TOKSOPLASMOSIS PADA IBU HAMIL
Authors: Triana Ani
Published: September 2015

Toksoplasmosis merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh Toxoplasma gondii yang merupakan golongan protozoa yang sifatnya parasite obligat intraseluler. Salah satu Provinsi terbesar di Indonesia yaitu Provinsi Riau terdapat kasus Toksoplasmosis yang menurut data dari rekam medis RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau toksoplasmosis merupakan penyakit peringkat 9 tertinggi dari 15 penyakit terbesar dalam kehamilan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi faktor determinan terjadinya toksoplasmosis pada ibu hamil di RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian case control. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu hamil yang tercatat di rekam medik RSUD Arifin Achmad pada tahun 2012 dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 60 orang terbagi menjadi 30 orang sebagai kasus dan 30 orang sebagai kontrol (dengan teknik systematic random sampling). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner data analisis multivariat dengan uji multiple logistic regresion. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya dua variabel yang berhubungan secara signifikan yaitu variabel pekerjaan dengan p value (0,008) OR: 7,97 ; CI 95% (1,70-37,34)  dan status paritas dengan p value (0,029) OR: 5,33 ; CI 95% (1,18-24,18).

 

Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan group obligate intracellular parasite nature. Riau province there are cases of toxoplasmosis which according to data from medical records General Hospital of Arifin Achmad in Riau Province toxoplasmosis is a disease of the 15 highest ranked 9th largest disease in pregnancy. The purpose of this study to identify the determinants of the occurrence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women at General Hospital of Arifin Achmad in Riau Province. This research uses quantitative research with case-control study design. The population were all pregnant women recorded in the medical record Arifin Achmad Hospital in 2012 with sample of 60 people divided 30 people as cases and 30 persons as control (with a systematic random sampling technique). Data collection was performed using multivariate analysis of data questionnaire with multiple logistic regresion test. The results presence of two variabels significantly associated job with p value (0.008) OR: 7.97; 95% CI (1.70 to 37.34) and parity status with p value (0.029) OR: 5.33; 95% CI (1.18 to 24.18). Results of the study are expected to health workers to inform about toxoplasmosis complete and CHL counseling and regular prenatal care in the prevention of toxoplasmosis.
PENGETAHUAN DAN TINDAKAN KADER POSYANDU DALAM PEMANTAUAN PERTUMBUHAN ANAK BALITA
Authors: Lubis Zulhaida
Published: September 2015

Hasil kajian gizi buruk di Kota Medan tahun 2011 menunjukkan bahwa anak balita yang tergolong gizi kurang dan berisiko gizi buruk masih cukup serius. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pelatihan terhadap pengetahuan dan tindakan kader dalam pemantauan pertumbuhan balita. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kota Medan tahun 2014,  jenis penelitian eksperimen semu (quasi experimental) dengan rancangan nonrandomized pre test-post test design. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 28 orang kader posyandu di kota Medan pada tiga wilayah Puskesmas yaitu Puskesmas Sunggal,  Puskesmas Desa Lalang dan Puskesmas Tuntungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan rata-rata skor pengetahuan dan tindakan  kader setelah diberikan pelatihan. Skor pengetahuan kader meningkat sesudah pelatihan sebesar 2,428 poin, demikian juga terjadi peningkatan rata-rata skor tindakan sebesar 1,071 poin setelah mengikuti pelatihan. Hasil uji statistik dengan uji beda Paired T Test diperoleh  perbedaan yang signifikan pada pengetahuan dan tindakan kader sebelum dan sesudah mengikuti pelatihan tentang pemantauan pertumbuhan anak balita. Hal ini berarti ada pengaruh pelatihan terhadap pengetahuan dan tindakan kader dalam menilai dan memantau pertumbuhan balita.

 

The malnutrition research in Medan at 2011 showed that children under five years are classified as at risk of severe undernutrition are still quite serious. The aim of research was to analyze the effect of training on knowledge and action cadres in growth monitoring of under five years old. This research was a quasi-experimental study with nonrandomized design of pre-test-post-test design. This research was conducted 28 cadres in Medan city at 2014 in the work area Sunggal Health Center, Desa Lalang Health Center and Tuntungan Health Center. The results showed that an increase in the average score of knowledge and action after being given the training cadre. Knowledge scores increased after the training cadre 2,428 points, as well as an increase of action score in the average score of 1,071 points after training. The results of statistical tests with paired T test obtained significant differences in knowledge and action cadres before and after the training on growth monitoring of children under five years old. This means that there are influences of training  on knowledge and action cadres in the growth monitoring of under five years old.
POLA KONSUMSI (FAKTOR INHIBITOR DAN ENHANCER FE) TERHADAP STATUS ANEMIA REMAJA PUTRI
Authors: Masthalina Herta
Published: September 2015

Laporan kegiatan Dinas Kesehatan Lombok Barat 2012 terhadap pemeriksaan kadar Hb remaja puteri diperoleh sebesar 83,16 % remaja puteri di Gunungsari  yang menderita anemia.Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui hubungan pola konsumsi (faktor inhibitor dan enhancerfe) dengan status anemia siswi. Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2014 bersifat observasional analitik, dari segi waktunya cross-sectional. Subjek penelitian adalah siswi Madrasah Aliyah Al-Aziziyah sebanyak 67 siswi yang diperoleh secara random sampling. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi nama, umur, kelas, status anemia dan pola konsumsi faktor inhibitor dan enhancer. Remaja yang anemia, sebanyak 10 orang (47,6%) termasuk kategori biasa mengkonsumsi makanan sumber inhibitor Fe dan sebagian besar (76,2%) kadang-kadang mengkonsumsi makanan sumber enhancer Fe. Ada hubungan pola konsumsi faktor inhibitor Fe dengan status anemia siswi, dan tidak ada hubungan pola konsumsi faktor enhancer Fe dengan status anemia siswi.

 

Health Department Activity Report 2012 West Lombok The level of Hb girls of 83.16% girls in Gunungsari suffered from anemia . The research aims to determine the relationship patterns of consumption ( inhibitors factors and enhancers fe ) with anemia status schoolgirl. The study was conducted in 2014 with observational analytic study, in terms of time to cross-sectional. Subjects were students of Madrasah Aliyah Al-Aziziyah were 67 students who obtained random sampling..Data collected includes name, age, grade, status of anemia and consumption patterns factor inhibitors and enhancers. Teens are anemic, as many as 10 people (47.6%) including category inhibitor used to consume food sources Fe and most (76.2%) sometimes consume food sources enhancer Fe . There is a relationship consumption patterns inhibitor factor with anemia status Fe students, and there is no relationship enhancer factor Fe consumption pattern with anemia status of students.
PAPARAN TIMBAL UDARA TERHADAP TIMBAL DARAH, HEMOGLOBIN, CYSTATIN C SERUM PEKERJA PENGECATAN MOBIL
Authors: Muliyadi Muliyadi
Published: September 2015

Timbal mempengaruhi sistem hematologis, saraf, urinaria, reproduksi, endokrin, dan jantung. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis pengaruh timbal udara terhadap timbal darah dan pengaruh timbal darah terhadap hemoglobin, cystatin C serum dan keluhan kesehatan. Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2015. Jenis penelitian observasional (cross sectional study). Populasi penelitian yaitu kelompok penelitian dan pembanding dengan sampel 12 masing-masing kelompok. Analisis data menggunakan uji regresi linier ganda dan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada pengaruh timbal udara dengan timbal darah (β=0,667;p=0,000), ada pengaruh timbal darah dengan Hemoglobin (β=-0,609:p=0,008), ada pengaruh timbal darah dengan Cystatin C (β=0,348:p=0,035) dan tidak ada pengaruh timbal darah dengan gangguan pencernaan (β=0,004:p=0.990), ada pengaruh timbal darah dengan gangguan ginjal (β=0,572:p=0,038), ada pengaruh timbal darah dengan gangguan hematologis (β=0,816:p=0,020), tidak ada pengaruh timbal darah dengan gangguan SSP(β=-0,022:p=0,944). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa timbal darah dipengaruhi oleh timbal di udara, hemoglobin dan cystatin C dipengaruhi oleh timbal darah serta gangguan hematologis dan gangguan ginjal dipengaruhi oleh timbal darah.

 

Lead affects the haematological system, nervous, urinary, reproductive, endocrine, and cardiovascular. Research purposes to analyze the effect air lead to blood lead and blood lead effect on hemoglobin, serum cystatin C and health complaints. The study was conducted in 2015. Type of study, observational (cross-sectional). Research population, Research and comparison with 12 samples each group. Data analysis using multiple linear and logistic regression. Results showed there effect air lead to blood lead (β=0.667:p=0.000). There effect blood lead with Hemoglobin (β=-0.609:p=0.008). there effect blood lead with Cystatin C (β=0.348:p=0.035). There is no effect blood lead with digestive disorders (β=0.004:p=0990). there effect blood lead with renal impairment (β=0.572:p=0.038). there effect blood lead with haematological disorders (β=0.816:p=0.020). There is no effect blood lead with CNS disorders (β=-0.022:p=0.944). The results showed, blood lead is affected by lead air, Hemoglobin and Cystatin C is affected by blood lead and hematological disorders and kidney disorders are affected by blood lead.
PENGARUH EDUKASI TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SKILL GURU SERTA PERSONAL HYGIENE SISWA SD
Authors: Solehati Tetti , Susilawati Sri , Lukman Mamat , Kosasih Cecep Eli
Published: September 2015

Banjir sering menimbulkan masalah kesehatan terutama pada anak. Hal ini diperparah dengan buruknya pola Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) pada masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui Pengetahuan Dan Skill Guru dan  personal hygiene siswa setelah diberikan edukasi. Penelitian dilkukan pada tahun 2014. Desain penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan pre test dan post test. Penelitian dilakukan di SDN VII dan X Dayeuhkolot Bandung. Sampelnya adalah 24 guru  dan 288 siswa kelas 3-6 SDN VII dan SDN X Dayeuhkolot. Instrumen menggunakan quesioner, lembar observasi, dan lembar cek list. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat. Hasil menunjukan rerata personal hygiene siswa 77,78 sebelum intervensi meningkat jadi 89,54 (pv= 0.001). Rerata tingkat pengetahuan guru sebelum intervensi 52, rerata skill CTPS 64,17. Setelah intervensi mengalami peningkatan rerata tingkat pengetahuan menjadi 97, rerata skill CTPS 97,92 (pv= 0.001). Simpulan penelitian, ada perbedaan bermakna rerata pengetahuan dan skill guru serta personal hygiene siswa sebelum dan setelah periode intervensi.

 

Floods often cause health problems especially in children. This is aggravated by poor pattern Clean and Healthy Lifestyle/ PHBS in the community. The aim is to determine the effect of education on knowledge, skill of  the teachers and hygiene of the elementary school students. The study conducted at 2014. The study was a quasi-experimental of pre-test and post-test design. The study was conducted in elementary school VII and X Dayeuhkolot. The sample is 24 teachers and 288 students in grades 3 to 6. The instrument used quisionare, observation sheet, and a check list sheet. Univariate and bivariate analysis was used to analyze the data. The mean score of personal hygiene students increased from77.78 to 89.54 (pv = 0.001). The mean score of teacher knowledge increased from 52 to 97 (pv = 0.001). The mean score of skill in teacher increased from 64.17 to 97.92 (pv = 0.001). Conclusion: This study found a significant differences of mean the knowledge and skill on teachers and personal hygiene students before and after the intervention (p = 0.001).
Providing Psychosocial Support to Children and Families in the Aftermath of Disasters and Crises
Authors: Schonfeld David J. , Demaria Thomas ,   the DISASTER PREPAREDNESS ADVISORY COUNCIL AND COMMITTEE ON PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS OF CHILD AND FAMILY HEALTH, Krug Steven Elliot , Chung Sarita , Fagbuyi Daniel B. , Fisher Margaret C. , Needle Scott , Schonfeld David J. , Yogman Michael W. , Gambon Thresia B. , Lavin Arthur , Lemmon LTC Keith M. , Mattson Gerri , McGuinn Laura Joan , Rafferty Jason Richard , Wissow Lawrence Sagin
Published: September 2015

Disasters have the potential to cause short- and long-term effects on the psychological functioning, emotional adjustment, health, and developmental trajectory of children. This clinical report provides practical suggestions on how to identify common adjustment difficulties in children in the aftermath of a disaster and to promote effective coping strategies to mitigate the impact of the disaster as well as any associated bereavement and secondary stressors. This information can serve as a guide to pediatricians as they offer anticipatory guidance to families or consultation to schools, child care centers, and other child congregate care sites. Knowledge of risk factors for adjustment difficulties can serve as the basis for mental health triage. The importance of basic supportive services, psychological first aid, and professional self-care are discussed. Stress is intrinsic to many major life events that children and families face, including the experience of significant illness and its treatment. The information provided in this clinical report may, therefore, be relevant for a broad range of patient encounters, even outside the context of a disaster. Most pediatricians enter the profession because of a heartfelt desire to help children and families most in need. If adequately prepared and supported, pediatricians who are able to draw on their skills to assist children, families, and communities to recover after a disaster will find the work to be particularly rewarding.
Xenodon histricus (Jan, 1863) (Squamata: Dipsadidae): distribution extension and new province record in Argentina
Authors: D'Angelo Julia Soledad , Agnolín Federico Lisandro , Godoy Florencia Anyelen
Published: September 2015

Xenodon histricus is probably the least known species of its genus in South America. In Argentina it has not been collected since 1937, and most records were restricted to the northeastern forests of the country. We report finding this species in 1995 at San José del Morro, San Luis province, Central Argentina. This report fills a gap in the distribution of this taxon, and constitutes the most recent record of the species for the country.
Para um conceito moderno de imaginação: a imaginação do ponto de vista kantiano
Authors: Gay Eugenia
Published: September 2015

Este trabalho apresenta uma avaliação crítica da discussão na qual foi produzido o conceito kantiano de “imaginação”, como proposta de conhecimento e como projeto político-pedagógico. A hipótese sustentada é a de que a divisão da produção filosófica de Immanuel Kant e dos filósofos que participaram da discussão entre escritos teóricos e escritos políticos prejudica a compreensão do debate, resultando em uma concepção unilateral e oposicional do conceito moderno de imaginação. Para mostrar a unidade do debate, o artigo se concentra nos argumentos filosóficos desenvolvidos por Kant nos escritos pré-críticos e nas duas edições da Crítica da razão pura, contrastando-os com o conjunto da discussão da sua época. Embora os trabalhos de outros filósofos recebam menos atenção, o artigo espera tornar visível o caráter dialógico do trabalho teórico de Kant.
Quem escreve sobre história do Brasil na Alemanha?
Authors: Gertz René E.
Published: September 2015

Após ter publicado, em 1995, um levantamento da produção sobre história do Brasil na Alemanha no período de 1980 a 1995, busco neste artigo retomar o tema, concentrando, agora, a atenção nos anos de 1995 a 2014. Como da vez anterior, esta é uma tentativa de avaliar o interesse de pesquisadores alemães pelo tema. Para tanto, fiz um arrolamento dos principais centros universitários que se dedicam a estudos sobre a América Latina, e busquei examinar que importância se atribui neles a temas da história brasileira, estabelecendo, na medida do possível, comparações com o interesse dedicado à história de outros países do subcontinente. Os dados mostraram que, apesar de um claro aumento de interesse em ao menos uma universidade, a situação não se modificou de forma substancial em relação ao período anterior. Mesmo assim, foi possível registrar algumas produções acadêmicas relevantes, cobrindo um leque diversificado de aspectos da história brasileira.
Entre precisão e rigor: a lupa de Luiz Cristiano de Andrade sobre a História do Brasil (1630) de Frei Vicente do Salvador
Authors: Sinkevisque Eduardo
Published: September 2015

A resenha analisa criticamente o livro de Luiz Cristiano de Andrade, fruto de sua dissertação de mestrado. Agora publicada em livro pela FBN (Fundação Biblioteca Nacional). Obra oportuna, sobre historiador e história pouco estudadas no Brasl, a excessão de Capistrano de Abreu e uma imensa fortuna crítica que até o trabalho de Luiz Cristiano de Andrade somente fez repetir os juízos de Capistrano de Abreu. O trabalho, neste sentido, é a primeira legibilidade normativa sobre a História do Brasil de Frei Vicente do Salvador.
A verdade da crítica: o método histórico-crítico de August Ludwig (von) Schlözer e o padrão histórico dos juízos
Authors: Araújo André De Melo
Published: September 2015

Partindo do princípio segundo o qual o pensamento histórico do Iluminismo tardio se caracteriza pelo esforço metodológico que procura estabelecer bases firmes para a ancoragem dos juízos históricos, este artigo tem por objetivo (1) analisar como August Ludwig (von) Schlözer (1735- 1809) estabelece um conceito de verdade histórica que resulta do seu método histórico-crítico e (2) identificar de que modo esse conceito de verdade histórica se relaciona com o debate contemporâneo sobre as representações históricas. Ao considerar o interesse de Schlözer ao longo de quarenta anos pela história da Rússia, defende-se aqui a tese segundo a qual o método histórico-crítico ultrapassa os limites dos procedimentos metodológicos da exegese bíblica e da filologia humanística já ao longo das últimas décadas do século XVIII.
South Africa’s Socio-Techno divide: a critical discourse analysis of government speeches
Authors: Chigona W , Pollock M , Roode JD
Published: September 2015

This paper aims at contributing to the debate about the digital divide. We first focus on what to us constitutes the root problem:

the typical approaches to the development of people through and by the use of information and communication technologies

(ICT). In contrast to governmental, political and technological attempts that focus almost exclusively on providing access to

digital communication technologies, and expect “development” naturally to flow from that, we argue for a focus on

“development” which is based on our notion of sustainable socio-economic development. We refer to “technocentric

approaches” when the approaches propose and pursue technological interventions and show little regard for the actual needs of

the people involved. At the other end of the scale, where the focus is on people and their developmental needs, we will speak of

“sociocentric approaches”. This presents us with a different divide, which we will refer to as the “socio-techno divide”. We

argue that it is this divide that has to be addressed – not the digital divide – and then present an analysis of the socio-techno

divide. This analysis takes the form of two types of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), namely Foucauldian and Habermassian.

The analysis of the South African government’s rhetoric illuminates the issues that need our attention and indicates an agenda

for constructive engagement about the use of ICT for development in the Third and Fourth worlds.
Truth in advertising: Reporting performance of computer programs, algorithms and the impact of architecture
Authors: Hazelhurst Scott
Published: September 2015

The level of detail and precision that appears in the experimental

methodology section computer science papers is usually much less

than in natural science disciplines. This is partially justified by

different nature of experiments. The experimental evidence presented

here shows that the time taken by the same algorithm varies so

significantly on different CPUs that without knowing the exact model

of CPU, it is difficult to compare the results. This is placed in

context by analysing a cross-section of experimental results

reported in the literature. The reporting of experimental results

is sometimes insufficient to allow experiments to be replicated,

and in some case is insufficient to support the claims made for the

algorithms. New standards for reporting on algorithms results are

suggested.
Understanding the structured processes followed by organisations prior to engaging in agile processes: A South African Perspective
Authors: Noruwana Nimrod , Tanner Maureen
Published: September 2015

There appears to be a lack of knowledge on the phases South African (SA) organisations go through while adopting agile methods. As a means to address this gap, this study uncovered empirical evidence on the phases SA organisations go through whilst adopting agile methods as well as the disparities between agile prescriptions and the way SA organisations actually implement agile methods.

The data collected using a case study approach was analysed through the lens of Actor-Network Theory (ANT). The results reveal that there is no structured process for adopting agile methods and organisations go through various phases in their attempts to adopt agile methods. During the various phases, organisations face challenges which are culture as well as people related.

Through this study South African practitioners could now be aware that before adopting an agile methodology, there has to be a common understanding of the problems at hand and the envisioned solution. The findings also inform aspiring adopters in South Africa that adoption of the methods does not have to be as prescribed. They are free to adopt only those aspects the organisations need most.