bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vessel Density Mapping of Brain Small Vessels on 3D High Resolution Black Blood MRI
Authors: Sarabi Mona Sharifi , Ma Samantha , Wang Danny , Shi Yonggang
Published: August 2023

High resolution 3D black blood MRI with sub-millimeter spatial resolution has been proposed for visualizing small vessels of the brain. Here we present and evaluate a novel approach for mapping brain vessel density from 3D black blood images acquired at 3T. Using automated vessel segmentation and non-linear registration, localized detection and quantification of small vessel density is demonstrated to be feasible. This framework can potentially serve as a useful tool for detection and monitoring of localized vascular changes in aging and neurovascular disorders.
Analyzing CBF Connectivity Differences Affected by Hypertension in Arterial Spin Labelled Data Using Graph Theory
Authors: Reeves William , Ahmed Ishfaque , Sun Wenwu , Brown Michelle , Williams Celestine , Davis Catherine , McDowell Jennifer , Yanasak Nathan , Su Shaoyong , Zhao Qun
Published: August 2023

In a cross-sectional study of hypertension and its effects on brain connectivity, graph theory can be used to show cerebral blood flow connectivity differences between normotensive (n=32) and hypertensive (n=37) subjects. We obtain adjacency matrices from processed arterial spin labelling scans which can be used to determine several quantifications based on graph theory analysis. We find that normotensive subjects exhibit higher small-worldness and global efficiency (σ = 3.30 and Eglob = 0.73) compared to hypertensive subjects (σ = 1.82 and Eglob = 0.46). This trend continues for nearly all thresholding values and implies a measurable perfusion difference between the groups.
A Comparison of the Magnetic Force of MR-Conditional Cardiac Implants
Authors: Shehada Mabel , Shehada Emile , Shehada Ramez , Prutchi David
Published: August 2023

For implant systems composed of an implantable pulse generator (IPG) and lead(s), the MR-Conditional labeling specifies a magnetic spatial gradient for the whole system but not for its individual components. To identify the component experiencing the highest magnetic force, thus dictating the safe limit, we measured multiple IPGs and leads per ASTM F2052-15. The highest force on leads under 4.77T/m, 20T/m, and 50T/m was 0.003N, 0.021N, and 0.053N, respectively. The lowest IPG forces were 0.080N, 0.529N, and 1.322N. For any magnetic spatial gradient, the lowest IPG force was 2,480% greater than the highest lead force.
Venc Scouting with a Whole Volume Fourier Velocity Encoding Spectrum Acquisition
Authors: Loecher Michael , Ennis Daniel
Published: August 2023

We explored the application of acquiring Fourier Velocity Encoding (FVE) without spatial encoding to quickly estimate the velocity distribution within a volume of interest. One application is to allow for quick selection of Venc for a subsequent 4D-Flow acquisition, which can limit velocity aliasing and fine-tune the velocity-to-noise ratio for better data quality. Other applications may include new ways of looking at the pulsatility or turbulence of a volume of interest. In this work we implement a FVE sequence in Pulseq and run it in flow phantoms to demonstrate the proof-of-concept data of this technique.
Comprehensive MRI reveals compromised baseline cardiac function in lung cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy treatment
Authors: Ibrahim El-Sayed , Gore Elizabeth , Brown Sherry-Ann , Bergom Carmen
Published: August 2023

Along with systemic therapies, radiation therapy (RT) plays a key role in treating lung cancer, despite high incidence of RT-induced cardiac complications. Most lung cancer patients present with cardiac risk factors that result in compromised baseline cardiac function that puts the patients at higher risk of developing cardiac complications. In this study, we investigate characteristics of baseline cardiovascular function in lung cancer patients undergoing RT. The results showed that the patients had borderline cardiac function and reduced myocardial strain measurements. Myocardial T1/T2 values in the patients were slightly high and the hemodynamic measurements showed different pattern than that in volunteers.
Vascular map assessment - the dual use of an analysis tool to evaluate imaging technique reproducibility and AI technique’s performance
Authors: Zhang Kaiyu , Gould Anders , Chen Li , Chen Zhensen , Canton Gador , Balu Niranjan , Hatsukami Thomas , Yuan Chun
Published: August 2023

Intracranial artery feature extraction (iCafe), a custom-made semi-automatic vascular map construction software, can quantitatively measure intracranial vascular features on time of flight (TOF) MRA with good scan-rescan and inter/intra operator reproducibility. To fully extend the use of iCafe to a novel MRA technique named simultaneous non-contrast angiography and intraplaque hemorrhage (SNAP), we will first evaluate its vascular feature measurements reproducibility and then compare these measurements with those acquired with a newly developed AICafe (AI + iCafe) technique on the same dataset. Good reproducibility was obtained on SNAP MRA using iCafe, as well as the AICafe technique.
CAMWARE: Cascaded Multi-level Wavelet Refine Neural Network for Accelerated Whole-brain MR Vessel Wall Imaging
Authors: Hu Zhehao , Lerner Alexander , Poblete Roy , Fan Zhaoyang
Published: August 2023

3D MR vessel wall imaging (VWI) is a non-invasive imaging modality for directly assessing intracranial arterial wall diseases. A typical intracranial VWI protocol requires 6-12 minutes per scan to obtain adequate spatial coverage and resolution. Such a long scan time hinders widespread use of VWI in clinical settings. We have developed a novel intracranial vessel-dedicated CAscaded Multi-level WAvelet REfine (CAMWARE) network that enables a VWI scan within 4 minutes. The proposed network achieved significant improvement in vessel wall delination over conventional compressed sensing reconstruction, and several state-of-the-art deep neural networks, such as U-Net and multi-level wavelet U-Net.
2D Fiber Strains Correlated to DTI in the Medial Gastrocnemius under Isometric Contractions at Different Foot Positions
Authors: Cunnane Brandon , Sinha Usha , Malis Vadim , Hernandez Ryan , Hodgson John , Sinha Shantanu
Published: August 2023

Study of muscle fiber strains at different foot positions can reveal the dependence of muscle force on muscle architecture. Prior studies of isometric contraction in calf muscle using dynamic MRI revealed in the medial gastrocnemius (MG), strain heterogeneity along and across fibers, constant in-plane areas, and gear ratios decreasing with unloading. This study examines correlation of fiber strains in the MG at three-foot positions and two sub-maximal isometric contractions with fiber directions extracted from DTI. The plantarflexed foot position had the highest normalized fiber strain (to force and to torque) while the dorsiflexed position had the lowest normalized fiber strains.
Correlation of 4D MRI and Motion Capture during Dynamic Wrist Movements
Authors: Zarenia Mohammad , Schwartz Samantha , Leonardis Joshua , Schnorenberg Alyssa , Arpinar Volkan , Slavens Brooke , Koch Kevin
Published: August 2023

4D MRI and external motion capture systems were utilized to track unconstrained movement of wrist carpal bones. Using slab-to-volume registration of dynamic MRI to static MRI reference images, wrist kinematic profiles for 19 healthy subjects were computed and compared to gold-standard motion analysis metrics during ulnar/radial deviation and flexion/extension motions. The agreement of kinematic measures derived using the intrinsic (i.e. carpal bone volume) MRI-based approach and external (sensor-based) motion capture methods provided validation of the deployed MRI-based kinematic profiling methodology.
Intranasal Insulin Enhances Resting Neurovascular Fluctuations in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Zhang Zongpai , Khan Faizan , Novak Peter , Mantzoros Christos , Ngo Long , Novak Vera , Dai Weiying
Published: August 2023

We aimed to investigate the effect of intranasal insulin (INI) on cognition, balance, and brain neurovascular activity in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) participants of the MemAID trial. Cognition, balance, and brain neurovascular fluctuations - amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) were measured in 11 subjects before and after 24-week treatment with INI or placebo. INI treatment significantly increased ALFF in the medial-frontal region. The ALFF increases at the end-of INI treatment were associated with improved balance. These findings suggest that INI may increase brain neurovascular activity in T2DM in the regions related to balance control and sustained attention.
Evidence of meningeal inflammation in multiple sclerosis: a combined in vivo 11C-PBR28 MR-PET and post-mortem study
Authors: Herranz Elena , Barletta Valeria , Treaba Constantina , Mehendiratta Ambica , Ouellette Russell , Klawiter Eric , Sloane Jacob , Ionette Carolina , Babu Suma , Loggia Marco , Makary Meena , Hooker Jacob , Catana Ciprian , Kinkel Revere , Magliozzi Roberta , Mainero Caterina
Published: August 2023

In multiple sclerosis (MS), neuropathological studies suggest that meningeal inflammation involving T-, B-lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages may trigger underlying cortical neuroinflammation and demyelination. Using MR-PET targeting the18kDa mitochondrial translocator protein, which is overexpressed in activated glia/macrophages, we detected in 49 MS patients cortical inflammatory changes along with neuroinflammation in both meninges and juxtacortical white matter. Meningeal inflammation correlated with worse neurological disability and cognitive performance. Histochemistry performed in meningeal tissue from 40 post-mortem progressive MS cases confirmed in vivo findings. This study provides in vivo PET imaging evidence implicating meningeal neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of MS.
Phase Correction Approach for Receive-Only Frequency Translation Studies
Authors: Hou Jue , Bauer Courtney , McDougall Mary , Wright Steve
Published: August 2023

23Na and 31P spectroscopy are powerful tools in assessing muscles in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy studies. Frequency translation has been previously introduced as a means to facilitate multichannel studies on systems equipped with only 1H receiver arrays. Many approaches to frequency translation require mixing on both transmit and receive, which bypasses the need for phase correction. Presented here is an approach to receive-only translation of acquired data to the 1H frequency, that allows for post-processing phase correction using signals coupled from the host system’s and translator’s local oscillators.
Application of SAME-ECOS to 7T gradient-echo based myelin water imaging: a comparison of model-free and model-based approaches
Authors: Liu Hanwen , Grouza Vladimir , Tuznik Marius , Rudko David
Published: August 2023

Multi-echo gradient echo (GRE) based, myelin water imaging (MWI) is subject to data quality constraints related to signal to noise ratio (SNR), B0 field inhomogeneities and gradient imperfections. These constraints pose challenges for conventional model-free, non-negative least squares (NNLS) fitting. As an alternative, a three-pool parametric model can be applied, with nonlinear least squares(NLLS) fitting to process MWI data. The three-pool model confers stability, but has the disadvantage of making prior assumptions. This study investigated the feasibility of using a novel, model-free approach called spectrum analysis for multiple exponentials via experimental condition oriented simulation (SAME-ECOS) for the GRE MWI analysis.
Subcortical Parcellation of the Human Brain via Automated Voxel Annotation with Fiber Clusters
Authors: Wu Ye , Ahmad Sahar , Yap Pew-Thian
Published: August 2023

Connectivity-based parcellation of subcortical structures typically relies on the pre-parcellation of the cortex. Here, we propose an unsupervised data-driven approach for subcortical parcellation based on diffusion tractography without relying on the annotation of cortical regions or fiber tracts.
COMEDI: A Toolkit for Lifespan Computational Diffusion MRI
Authors: Wu Ye , Ahmad Sahar , Huynh Khoi Minh , Xu Tiantian , Yap Pew-Thian
Published: August 2023

Processing and analyzing diffusion MRI (dMRI) data is important for uncovering the neural underpinnings of white matter (WM) development and degeneration across the human lifespan. Here, we introduce a robust and integrative toolkit, called Computational Medical Imaging (COMEDI), for processing, analyzing, and visualizing lifespan dMRI data.
Brain-behavior prediction using functional connectivity from older adults with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Karker Michelle , Noll Douglas , Hampstead Benjamin , Peltier Scott
Published: August 2023

Partial least squares regression with feature selection (PLS-BETA) was applied to task-based and resting-state connectivity data. Leveraging a MCI-relevant object-location or face-name task illuminates relationships with measures of total cognition (RBANStotal) and memory (RBANSdelayed). This provides support for the use of clinically-relevant tasks in cases where a “driven” connectivity network may elucidate pathological changes.
Test-retest Repeatability of SIR-QMT Using Compressed SENSE
Authors: Wang Ping , Sisco Nicholas , Borazanci Aimee , Dortch Richard
Published: August 2023

Quantitative magnetization transfer (QMT) imaging using the selective inversion recovery (SIR) approach has been successful in estimating fundamental tissue parameters, such as the PSR (macromolecular-to-free proton pool size ratio) and the R1f (relaxation rate of the free pool). Although SIR allows one to perform the QMT experiment using conventional inversion recovery sequences, it is hampered by long scan times. Previously we have shown that Compressed SENSE (CS-SENSE) accelerates whole-brain SIR-QMT imaging, allowing whole-brain scanning within clinically practical scan times. In this study, we systematically investigate the effect of this acceleration on test-retest repeatability for PSR and R1f.
MR T1ρ preparations: B1 and B0 inhomogeneity and T2ρ evaluation with Bloch equation-based simulation
Authors: Kim Jeehun , Peng Qi , Wu Can , Li Xiaojuan
Published: August 2023

Quantitative T1ρ mapping is a promising biomarker for detecting tissue compositional changes at early stages of diseases. For reliable and reproducible measurements, T1ρ preparation pulses should be robust to B0 and B1 inhomogeneity. In this work, a Bloch equation based numerical simulation tool was developed and validated. The performance of six different T1ρ preparation schemes were evaluated in terms of their responses to B0 and B1 inhomogeneities using the simulation tool and in phantoms and human subjects. T2ρ measured in phantoms and human subjects were used during simulation.
High Resolution 3D Ultra-Short Echo Time MRI with Rosette k-Space Pattern for Brain Iron Content Mapping
Authors: Shen Xin , Özen Ali , Monsivais Humberto , Ilbey Serhat , Sunjar Antonia , Karnik Aparna , Chiew Mark , Emir Uzay
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to detect brain iron content with a novel high resolution (0.94 mm isotropic voxel) ultra-short echo time (UTE) MRI based on rosette k-space trajectory. Non-invasive monitoring of brain iron content is beneficial, because the iron concentration increases during normal brain development, but is associated with many neurodegenerative diseases. With the ultra-short echo time (TE=20μs), the fast signal decay caused by high iron concentration can be captured. The relationship between iron concentration and signal intensity was quantified based on phantom study, and was used for modulation of the in vivo data to produce images of iron-rich brain regions.
Myelin Imaging Using 3D Dual-echo Ultra-short Echo Time MRI with Rosette k-Space Pattern
Authors: Shen Xin , Özen Ali , Sunjar Antonia , Ilbey Serhat , Shi Riyi , Chiew Mark , Emir Uzay
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to develop a new 3D dual-echo rosette k-space trajectory, specifically for applications of ultra-short echo time (UTE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The direct imaging of the myelin bilayer, which has ultra-short transverse relaxation time (uT2), was acquired to test the performance of the proposed UTE sequence. The rosette trajectory was developed based on rotations of a ‘petal-like’ pattern in the kx-ky plane, with oscillated extensions in kz-direction for 3D coverage. The higher uT2 fraction value in white matter (WM) compared to grey matter (GM) demonstrated the ability of the proposed sequence to capture rapidly decaying signals.
Elliptical Field-of-Views in Radial T2 mapping
Authors: Fu Zhiyang , Goerke Ute , Johnson Kevin , Bilgin Ali , Altbach Maria
Published: August 2023

Radial imaging is appealing for quantitative parameter mapping, due to their inherently robustness to undersampling compared to Cartesian trajectories and thus, its ability to yield parameter maps with high spatial resolution from highly undersampled data. Two-dimensional radial imaging typically acquires equiangular spaced lines, resulting in a circular field-of-view (FOV). Circular FOVs are not ideal for imaging applications with an anisotropic region-of-support (e.g., spine, leg). Larson et al. proposed an algorithm for designing fully sampled radial trajectories matching the prescribed anisotropic FOV. In this work we investigate the benefits of anisotropic FOV in radial MRI in the context of parameter mapping.
Automatic Off-Resonance Correction for Spiral Imaging with a Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Dou Quan , Wang Zhixing , Feng Xue , Meyer Craig
Published: August 2023

Off-resonance is a major limitation for spiral imaging. A convolutional neural network was implemented in this study to correct off-resonance artifacts without field maps. The network was trained on images with simulated blurring artifacts. The image quality was improved after the correction for both simulated data and in vivo data.
Noncontact in-bore cardiopulmonary sensing using CW doppler radar
Authors: Lee Wonje , Ryu Kanghyun , Robb Fraser , Pauly John , Vasanawala Shreyas , Scott Greig
Published: August 2023

Noncontact vital sensing applications have great potential to aid in patient care. We leverage a reconfigurable SDR to assess the feasibility of in-bore cardiopulmonary sensing using CW doppler radar that operates independently of the MRI system and data acquisition.
Comparison of simulated parallel transmit head arrays at 7T using excitation uniformity, local SAR, and global SAR
Authors: Kazemivalipour Ehsan , Wald Lawrence L. , Guerin Bastien
Published: August 2023

We investigate the performance of parallel transmission arrays with 8, 16, 24, and 32 channels and varying loop sizes (18 coils total) for brain imaging at 7T. We compare RF-shimming performance of the arrays using the L-curve method showing optimal tradeoffs between excitation uniformity (slice), local-SAR, global-SAR and peak-power. For the numbers of channels simulated here, the coils with larger loops achieved a better local-SAR vs. excitation uniformity than those with smaller loops (this was true for axial/sagittal slice orientations). At constant local-SAR constraint, the 24-channel arrays showed the best performance in improving the excitation uniformity in the coronal/axial slices.
Gamified Learning in MRI Safety
Authors: Oh Hui Ping , Cheng QianHui , Ti Joanna Pearly
Published: August 2023

Magnetic Resonance (MR) safety plays an important role in ensuring patients and staff safety and is important for all staff to be competent prior to working in the MRI environment. To make MR safety training more engaging and motivated, game-based learning was adopted to simulate situations that are dangerous and impossible to re-enact in the real world. Learner acts as avatar and explore the MR safety concepts through a 3D version of the National Neuroscience Institute (NNI), Neuroradiology department. Learner will identify hazards through mini-games and role-play as Chief Risk Officer to identify gaps from a MR related accident
PENGARUH PEMANFAATAN APLIKASI GOOGLE FORM BAGI PETUGAS REKAM MEDIS UNTUK PELACAKAN ANTENATAL CARE TERHADAP WAKTU TUNGGU PELAYANAN RAWAT JALAN DI PUSKESMAS KEDUNG KANDANG KOTA MALANG
Authors: Anggryani Femy , Mesang Melvianus Rato
Published: August 2023

Storage of medical record files of pregnant women patients is carried out in the outpatient buildingwith a centralized storage system meaning that the outpatient and inpatient medical record files arestored together in the same storage area, while the examination of pregnant women is carried out in theinpatient building or emergency room which has a distance of about 100 meters to the north of theoutpatient street. This causes officers, namely doctors or midwives, to have difficulty getting oraccessing the patient's visit history plus the patient concerned does not bring identity or KIA book whenthere are pregnant women patients with old patient status visiting suddenly to the inpatient buildingat night. this research method uses quantitative methods The purpose of this study is to make it easierfor officers, in this case doctors or midwives, to be able to access pregnant women's patient history datausing the Google Form application. With this Google Form, officers can also minimize delays in serviceto patients because the medical record data of pregnant women patients can be accessed quickly viacellphones or laptops from officers in the MCH clinic. The benefits of using Google Form are not onlyfelt by patients through effective and efficient services, but will improve the quality of service from theKedungkandang Health Center because patients feel satisfied with the services provided. Systemquality (X1) has a positive effect on waiting time (Y). Based on the SPSS output table "Coefficients"above, it is known that the Significance value (Sig) of the system quality variable is 0.553. Because thevalue of Sig. 0.553> 0.05, it can be concluded that H1 is accepted and Ho is rejected. This means that thesignificant influence between system quality (X1) on waiting time (Y). system quality, informationquality, service quality simultaneously have a significant effect on waiting time Based on the SPSS"Anova" output table above, it is known that the Significance value (Sig) is 0.625>0.05, it can beconcluded that the hypothesis is rejected or in other words, system quality (X1), information quality(X2), and service quality (X3) simultaneously have a significant effect on waiting time (Y). systemquality, information quality.
Urgensi Pengembangan Kebijakan Energi Baru dan Terbarukan Dalam Rangka Ketahanan Energi Nasional
Authors: Reny Oktaviani Paturu  , Aullia Vivi Yulianingrum
Published: August 2023

The existence of the use of new energy and renewable energy until now has not been optimal. This study aims to formulate policy concepts for the management and utilization of new and renewable energy in the framework of national energy security. The research method used is normative legal research using a statute approach. The data collection technique uses primary data, namely a number of laws and regulations related to energy and natural resources and secondary data, namely encyclopedias, news in print media, and websites. Then it is analyzed qualitatively, namely legal norms in laws and regulations using deductive thinking logic. The results show that new energy and renewable energy management policies to maintain national energy security need to use legal protection instruments for the interests of private property, common property and state property so that it is necessary to elaborate on the concept of control rights over natural resources by the state regulated in laws and regulations in Indonesia.
Historical Criticism in Light of Documented Evidence
Authors: Pakkala Juha
Published: August 2023

N/A
Textkritik och ny filologi i exegetisk undervisning
Authors: Davage David
Published: August 2023

N/A
In Memoriam Lars Hartman (1930–2019)
Authors: Fornberg Tord , Hellholm David , Kelhoffer James A. , Wifstrand Schiebe Marianne
Published: August 2023

N/A
Biblical Hebrew Personal Names in Joshua, Judges, Ruth, and 1–2 Samuel
Authors: Rahkonen Pauli
Published: August 2023

N/A
Kesetaraan Gender dalam Perspektif Islam dan Kristen
Authors: Hasibuan Derlina Sari , Harahap Aprilinda M. , Utomo Wahyu Wiji
Published: August 2023

This study discusses "Gender Equality in Islamic and Christian Perspectives". Gender equality is a goal that must be achieved by all human beings in the world, so that no one feels that they are better than others. Gender injustice is a system or structure in which both men and women become victims of the system. In this study using the method of library research (library research). The source of research data is primary data obtained in the Al-Quran and the Bible (gospel). And secondary data, namely those whose sources are obtained from books, journals, articles. The results of this study indicate that gender is a perspective that distinguishes the roles of men and women, gender equality in the content of this material is in the form of sentences showing equal access and opportunities between men and women in various activities, fulfillment of rights and responsibilities without any differences in treatment between both. In Islam, women and men are both servants of Allah SWT, the only difference is their piety. In Christianity women and men are said to be in the image of God and need each other.
Tafsir Sa’ādah (Kebahagiaan) dalam Surah Hud Ayat 105
Authors: Puspita Ismy
Published: August 2023

This study examines the interpretation of Sa'adah (happiness) in surah Hud verse 105. The type of research used is library research, namely a series of activities related to data collection, reading and recording of library data, and analyzing research. The results of this study indicate that happiness is what human beings desire. From the interpretation of Sayyid Qutb, Wahbah Az-Zuhaili, Imam At-Tabari, Imam Al Qurthubi, and Hamka, the word sa'adah has the meaning of happiness that is obtained on the last day, namely happiness because of the deeds done while in the world. The way to achieve happiness (sa'ādah) is by faith and doing good deeds, obedience, piety, repentance and love for Allah SWT. The happiness that grows from how to achieve happiness is the happiness that arises from within and then is followed by the soul. And it becomes a stronghold to always live in peace. Happiness that is awakened from within is happiness that is not easily extinguished by environmental conditions that are often turbulent. We ourselves create and control happiness, not other people or the environment. Bad things happen because some people are easily sad, complain and give up. But behind it all, if someone can have a fortress, then his soul and heart will not waver. Therefore it is very important for us to seek happiness both in this world and in the hereafter.
Socialization of Land Use by Applying Modern Agriculture with Hydroponic Cultivation
Authors: Fajri Surya , Annas Manurung Azwar , Ridwan Batubara Lokot , Marpaung M. Rizky
Published: August 2023

Community service is an activity that realizes and improves the quality of community knowledge in helping the problems experienced by the community in the community. Through the Thematic Real Work Lecture (KKNT) program based on community service, this activity is to increase students' sense of solidarity with the existing conditions of the community. The use of land with hydroponic cultivation is an alternative that can be done by utilizing minimal yard land and being able to use used goods. Farming with hydroponics is very environmentally friendly in addition to not using pesticides, also the production can be used alone or as an economic source of household income. In addition, the outputs obtainedare n: (1) Improvement of superior quality of resources; (2) improving household economic resources; (3) Encourage the progress of the village. On the other hand, to ensure the discipline and participation of KKNT student participants and the community, by seeing the success in the form of outputs produced
Ownership Dispute Resolution Brand Ownership Rights In Indonesia
Authors: Rusmana Dodi , Saragih Bintan R. , Bustani Simona
Published: August 2023

Brand rights are one part of intellectual property rights that have an important role in the business world of trading of goods and services, especially in maintaining healthy business competition. The research method in this writing uses a normative juridical type of research. Normative legal research is also called literature law research. The approach used in this study is the Statue Approach method. The results of this research include the settlement of brand disputes can be resolved in two ways, namely through litigation and non-litigation. Judges are expected to have the ability to translate the values of justice in matters faced by him through his decisions. Settlement of trademark disputes in court is expected to be guided by the principles of justice, so that the settlement of trademark disputes can create legal certainty. Lawsuits in court or alternative dispute resolution such as arbitration. Furthermore, the legal implication for the decision may be to regulate "the cancellation or deletion of the registration of the Mark carried out by the Minister by striking out the mark concerned by giving defects about the reason and date of such cancellation or deletion". Dispute resolution through alternative dispute resolution is resolved in a direct meeting by the parties and the results are set forth in writing. The ideal concept in trademark dispute resolution in Indonesia, the author expects legal certainty for trademark dispute resolution in the Commercial court, District Court and State Administrative Court as well as in arbitration. The suggestions include the guarantee of a sense of justice and legal certainty in resolving brand disputes, both litigation and non-litigation. The Directorate General of Intellectual Property must be more careful and thorough through a more efficient trademark registration data collection system so that trademark ownership disputes do not occur.
Study Of Parasocial Interaction Between Bangtan Boys (BTS) And Army In Indonesia: The Meaning Of One-Way Closeness Between Fans And Idols
Authors: Alisya Vidya , Nurhayati Sharfina , Febrianno Boer Rino
Published: August 2023

The relationship that exists between fans and their idols is considered to have a special meaning. The existence of distance and time makes fans only able to see their idol from television or social media which happened in one direction. The one-way relationship builds parasocial interactions between fans and their idols where fans feel they understand, care, and sense how their idols felt. Parasocial interactions were experienced by fans and their idols, including BTS and their fans called ARMY. This study uses a qualitative method. This research on BTS and ARMY aims to find out what forms of parasocial interaction are carried out by ARMYs with BTS and how ARMYs interpret these interactions. The research was conducted on six participants who are ARMYs. Data collection was conducted by interview and literature study. The study was conducted in Jakarta from March to July 2022. The research was conducted by linking the answers of the informants using Hoffner's four parasocial interaction effects, which are sense of companionship, pseudo-friendship, role models in behavior, and personal identity. Researchers found that the parasocial effect is described as a form of admiration of fans for their idols. Also, ARMY considers that the parasocial interactions that occur with BTS have a positive impact and that positive impact were implemented in everyday life
The Influence Of Managerial Ability And Foreign Ownership On Firm Value: Income Smoothing As Mediating Variable
Authors: Ng Suwandi , Chandra Livia
Published: August 2023

This research is aimed to investigate the effect of managerial ability and foreign ownership to decrease income smoothing as a mediating effect influence on value of firm. This research uses logistic regression analysis method to investigate the effect of managerial ability and foreign ownership on income smoothing, and multiple regresion linear to investigate the effect of managerial ability, foreign ownership, and income smoothing on value of firm, and Sobel's test to investigate the effect of income smoothing as mediating variable. The results of this research shown that managerial ability have not a significant effect on income smoothing and firm performance, but foreign ownership have a significant effect on income smoothing and value of firm, and income smoothing have a significant effect on value of firm. In addition, Sobel's test results showed that income smoothing do not mediate the effect of managerial ability and foreign ownership on value of firm
Occurrence, seasonal variation and management of tomato leafminer (tuta absoluta meyrick.) in Tanzania
Authors:   , Zekeya Never
Published: August 2023

Tomato leafminer [Tuta absoluta, Meyrick. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)] is a notorious pest that causes massive losses in Solanaceae’s crops including tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). This study was conducted to evaluate the occurrence, damage incidences, host range, population dynamics and developed bio-control strategies for managing T. absoluta in Tanzania. Field surveys were conducted in thirteen tomato production regions of Tanzania by purposively sampling one region and one district from each region then three villages were randomly selected for field survey. Optima lures was deployed per plot (0.5 acre) and number of adult moths trapped were counted after 7 days. To identify host of T. absoluta, in each selected village number and types of crops damaged per plot were recorded. Ten plants per plot were randomly selected to determine the rate of T. absoluta damage per plant by counting number of damaged leaves/fruits per plant in each plot and expressed as percentage damage. However, botanical extracts against T. absoluta larvae was conducted in laboratory by using four plant species extracted by using organic solvents. Different concentrations of extract were tested against 10 second instar larvae of T. absoluta that were selected randomly. Mortality rate, pupation rate and adult emergence rate were recorded at interval of 24h. Results indicated that T. absoluta was present in 13 regions surveyed and proliferates in 12 host plants including tomato, potato, nightshade, pepper and some weed species particularly Solanum incanum. Population density of T. absoluta was high in Iringa compared to Arusha and Morogoro and the dry season exhibited higher number of T. absoluta than in rainy season in all regions surveyed. The study on T. absoluta management revealed that, the pest can be controlled by using locally available entomopathogenic fungi (Patent No. TZ/P/2018/000035), plant extracts from Bersama abyssinica stem bark, Commiphora africana leaves, Tergetes minuta seeds and Moringa oleifera essential oil from seeds and cultivation of four accessions of tomato landraces namely BKM-22, KGM-5, HSK-4 and HSK-38. Application of the developed bio–control strategies caused 60% to 80% mortality of adults and larvae of T. absoluta in the laboratory and open field conditions. The identified bio-control strategies and resistance tomato landraces are recommended for further analysis and for consideration as remedies against T. absoluta in tomato in Tanzania.
Efficacy of a reduced dose of multiple micronutrient powder supplementation among children aged 6-59 months in Arusha district, Tanzania
Authors:   , Kejo Dyness
Published: August 2023

Iron deficiency anaemia is the most prevalent nutritional problem affecting children underfive years old in the developing countries. The deficiency is a result of inadequate intake and insufficient absorption of iron-rich foods that may be caused by diseases or dietary factors prevalent in rural areas. The most appropriate approach for solving the problem in rural settings is the use of Multiple Micronutrient Powder supplements (MNP). The recommended supplementary dose is one (1) sachet per day. However, in areas where resources are limited, the recommended weekly dose of seven sachets is considered expensive. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a lower weekly dose, say three sachets of a MNP for dietary supplementation of complementary foods in Arusha district. A community-based longitudinal study with the intent to assess this efficacy was adopted for this study. Subjects were randomized into four intervention groups and given a Multiple Micronutrient Powder in different doses for six months. Anthropometric measurement, dietary assessment and haemoglobin levels were collected during the intervention involving 436 children under five years old in Arusha district of Tanzania. At baseline, 84.6% of the children were anaemic. Low birth weight and dietary factors (non-consumption of iron rich foods like meat, vegetable, and fruits) were predictors of anaemia. At the end of the intervention, haemoglobin levels were significantly higher in the groups which received three to five sachets of micronutrient powder per week than in children who received one or two sachets per week. Prevalence of infectious diseases was reduced significantly (p < 0.05) from 65% to 30.5% and anaemia, from 100% to 43.0% in all the groups. Two-thirds of mothers expressed willingness to pay for the micronutrient powder at the selling price of 150 TZS per sachet. However, the willingness to pay was associated with socio-demographic and economic characteristics of the participants. This study provides evidence that three to five sachets of MNP per week is an efficacious treatment for anaemia among children under-five years old in Arusha district. Families in low-income communities should be advised to use at least the lower weekly dose of 3 sachets to achieve the desired outcomes.
Characterization of mutations in drug resistant tuberculosis and diagnostic challenges in referral health facilities, Tanzania
Authors:   , Mnyambwa Nicholaus Peter
Published: August 2023

Tuberculosis remains one of the world’s deadliest infectious diseases in resource-limited settings, including Tanzania. Diagnostic challenges and minimal information on resistant tuberculosis complicate building effective management strategies. The current study employed whole genome shotgun sequencing and genotyping methods to characterize genetics of drug resistant tuberculosis strains and diagnostic impedes of tuberculosis in Tanzania. A total of 134 positive sputa from collected at Central Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory from different parts of the country. Forty patients were regarded as multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), of which 18 (45%) were classified as relapse cases. The remaining 94 were smear-positive culture-negative samples and treated as susceptible tuberculosis. Sequence analysis of 40 MDR-TB isolates identified a set of genetic markers (including additional variants) in the following known drug-resistant genes: katG, inhA, embCAB, ethA, inhA, rpoB, rpoC, rpsL, gyrA, eis, and pncA. Additionally, there was evidence of positive selection in other three novel genomic regions namely: ndhC, ndhI and ndhK. Sequence analysis also identified one isolate of M. yongonense, the first case to be described in Tanzania, suggesting that the patient was misdiagnosed with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. Out of 94 smear-positive but culture negative sputa, 25 (26.60%) were GeneXpert® mycobacteria TB positive. Repeat-culture identified 11/94 (11.70) as culture positive, of which 5 were Capilia TB-Neo positive and confirmed by GenoType MTBC to be Mycobacterium tuberculosis/Mycobacterium canettii. The remaining 6 Capilia TB-Neo negative samples were typed by GenoType® CM/AS and identified 3 (3.19%) nontuberculous mycobacteria, 2 Gram positive bacteria, and 1 isolate tested negative, together, making a total of 6/94 (6.38%) confirmed false smear-positives. Overall, 28/94 (29.79%) isolates were confirmed TB cases while 60 (63.83%) remained unconfirmed tuberculosis cases. These findings on misdiagnosis and the suggestive of novel resistance-associated mutations in resistant tuberculosis emphasize the need for accurate molecular diagnostic tests for delineating the tuberculosis cases and their drug susceptibility profiles in clinical settings.
Risk assessment for dietary exposure of pesticides among vegetables consumers in Arusha, Tanzania
Authors:   , Kiwango Purificator Andrew
Published: August 2023

Information on the extent of pesticide residues in vegetables from Tanzania and risk of dietary exposure to these residues among vegetable consumers is limited. This research assessed the risk of dietary exposure of pesticide residues in vegetable farmers and individuals with non-communicable disorders in Arusha. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to assess pesticide application practices. Observations were made to assess effectiveness of vegetable processing practices at household level, in reducing pesticide residues. Two-point 24 hour recalls and food frequency questionnaire techniques were used to determine vegetable consumption. Raw and ready-to-eat vegetables were sampled and analyzed for pesticide residues using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy. Dietary exposure to pesticide residues was estimated. The results showed that vegetables were contaminated with organophosphates, pyrethroids organochlorines, carbamates and benzoic acid pesticides. Endosulfan and dieldrin which are banned for use in agriculture in Tanzania were quantified in the vegetables at levels above their respective Maximum Residue Levels. Exposure estimations showed that 18.6% of vegetable farmers are at risk of exposure to organophosphates [Hazard index (HI); 1.19], mainly contributed by dimethoate. Individuals with NCDs are at risk of exposure to organophosphates (HI; 1.12) and organochlorines (HI; 1.08) mainly attributed to exposure to chlorpyrifos and endosulfan, respectively. Dietary exposures of pesticides are significantly associated with lack of advice from agricultural extension officers (adjusted odds ratio (AOD) = 6.56; P = 0.031), over-dosage of pesticides in vegetables (AOD = 3.751; P = 0.038) and lack of professional training on pesticide application practices (AOD = 3.37; P = 0.043). Washing vegetables in a bowl two or more times with changing the washing water after one use, (χ 2(1) = 6.56; P = 0.01) or peeling (χ 2(1) = 6.949; P = 0.008 is significantly associated with low levels of pesticides in ready to eat vegetables. Poor practices in washing of minor ingredients (tomato, carrot, sweet pepper and onions) such as washing by water that was previously used to wash the major ingredients has significant association with the occurrence of pesticide residues in vegetables (χ 2 (1) = 25.55; P = 0.001. Based on the findings of this study it is necessary to ensure continuous monitoring of pesticide residues in vegetables and training growers on good agricultural practices and best practices on vegetable handling at household level.
Addressing the Productivity-Salary Gap for PAs in Healthcare
Authors: Griffith Cynthia
Published: August 2023

There is a need to address the productivity-salary gap for PAs in healthcare. This can be achieved by implementing transparent billing practices and adjusting PA salaries to reflect their contributions to patient care. By doing so, PAs can be compensated in proportion to their professional efforts caring for patients.
Bid’ah dan Khilafiyah dalam Perspektif Tarjih Muhammadiyah
Authors: Abbas Afifi Fauzi
Published: August 2023

Perkembangan Islam yang dinamis diikuti oleh perkembangan sekolah, universitas, dan komunitas-komunitas sosial lainnya. Perkembangan ini telah memberikan warna dan corak sudut pandang keagamaan yang beragam. Tarjih sebagai satu proses memahami nash-nash keagamaan yang memiliki dasar referensi kuat pada al-Quran dan as-Sunnah juga dipahami oleh Muhammadiyah sebagai proses pembaharuan (tajdid) ataupun perbaikan (islah). Perkembangan budaya dan bahasa yang berubah seiring waktu menjadikan beberapa nash keagamaan sulit dipahami oleh masyarakat umum, dan juga kemajuan zaman dan teknologi memberikan satu dimensi baru dalam kesalahan penafsiran pandangan keagamaan terkait halal dan haram atas nama modernisasi. Persoalan keberagaman dan kesalahan penafsiran ini juga sangat terkait dengan pemahaman kita terhadap bid'ah dan khilafiyah. Khilafiyah adalah keragamaan sudut pandang yang bukan merupakan bid’ah. Tarjih dan tajdid, adalah jiwa dinamis yang akan selalu menolak bid’ah dan khurafat, dikarenakan tidak berdasar kepada al-Quran maupun as-Sunnah. Tulisan ini bermaksud mendiskusikan perihal tersebut.
Food and Beverage Service Standards at Capella Ubud during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kusuma I Made Bayu , Sari I Gusti Agung Mas Krisna Komala , Bagiastuti Ni Ketut , Suja I Ketut
Published: August 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the application of service standards for food and beverage service by employees at the Capella Ubud, Bali, Indonesia, during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Research methods: This study uses descriptive analysis methods and descriptive statistics using guest comments. The data obtained by finding the average value of the results of guest comments with 3 indicators namely location, service, and cleanliness so that data presentation can be carried out to draw conclusions. Findings: The results of this study indicate that the location, service, and cleanliness indicators get guest satisfaction with an average 4-star gain of 151.16 with the highest score on cleanliness and an average 5-star score of 148.84 with the highest score on service.

Implication: Capella Ubud applies good food and beverage service standards during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Harnack's inequality for quasilinear elliptic equations with generalized Orlicz growth
Authors: Shan Maria A. , Skrypnik Igor I. , Voitovych Mykhailo V.
Published: August 2023

We prove Harnack's inequality for bounded weak solutions to quasilinear second order elliptic equations with generalized Orlicz growth conditions. Our approach covers new cases of variable exponent and (p,q) growth conditions.

For more information see https://ejde.math.txstate.edu/Volumes/2021/27/abstr.html
política pública de assistência estudantil nas instituições federais de ensino superior: conscientização e educação libertadora em debate
Authors: Vaneli Junior Dário , Carvalho Ademar de Lima
Published: August 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a política nacional de assistência estudantil, materializada no Programa Nacional de Assistência Estudantil (PNAES), no contexto do embate político, para o ensino superior no Brasil. A reflexão parte da forma como essa política foi formulada e operacionalizada de 2007 a 2018, e como é avaliada e discutida, tanto em âmbito governamental quanto nas instituições de ensino superior. A pesquisa é de caráter bibliográfico e documental, dentro da perspectiva do pensamento Freiriano, fundado na conscientização de que, para o autor, já é método, em uma análise da concepção da realidade, vida e mundo no movimento da dialeticidade da práxis político-social. Diante da realidade sociopolítica e econômica que desafia a possibilidade de acesso e permanência do estudante na Universidade, compreendemos que se faz necessário inserir a política pública de assistência estudantil no contexto maior de uma educação como prática da liberdade, instituída no diálogo e na participação.