bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Promoting adequate and healthy food in early childhood education: a systematic review
Authors: Moreira Jéssica de Melo Araújo , Barbosa Mariana Fernandez , Febrone Rafaele Rosa , Castro Camila da Silva de , Pereira Leticia Sales , Rito Rosane Valéria Viana Fonseca
Published: June 2023

Abstract Objectives: to identify and describe the characteristics of studies that address the promotion of adequate and healthy food in early childhood education units and their repercussions on the school community. Methods: the search and selection were performed according to the PRISMA recommendations in the Medline databases via OVID, EMBASE and LILACS. Data extraction took placeusing a table developed by the authors. The evaluation of the quality of the evidence of the studies was carried out through the risk of bias using an adapted scale. Result: twelve articles that met the eligibility criteria were selected. All studies were applied in public or private educational institutions with a median of 236 participants. In the analysis of food and nutrition education activities, the most adopted with preschoolers were playful; with the parents it was the meetings and counseling; and with the professionals it was the training. The methodological qualification of the studies was considered low, which may be related to their limitations included in this review, mainly due to the types of designs adopted, the time and lack of continuity of interventions and sample size. Conclusion: food and nutrition education activities seem to be a promising strategy in knowledge, adoption of healthy eating practices and transmission of values in the school community.
Evaluation of dog tooth enamel by scanning electron microscopy after different types of polishing
Authors: Correia Nelcimara Mirley de Souza , Barros Vitor Eduardo Arantes de , Arnhold Emmanuel , Fioravanti Maria Clorinda Soares , Carneiro Raquel Cunha , Guimarães Patricia Lorena da Silva Neves
Published: June 2023

Abstract Polishing is an important procedure which takes part in the periodontal disease treatment, being commonly performed with the help of prophylactic paste and provides smoothing of the tooth surface, hindering the adhesion of new plaque. With this study we aimed to evaluate by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the effects of dental polishing observing, qualitatively, the effectiveness and the damage, in three distinct treatments after calculus removal. Twenty (20) teeth were used (four of each dog), from which were obtained three samples each. The sixty samples were distributed into three groups (G0= tooth segmentation submitted to prophylaxis without polishing; G1= vestibular surface prophylaxis followed by polishing with the use of Defengy OC® and G2= vestibular surface prophylaxis followed by polishing with the use of pumice and fluorine gel). The samples were prepared and sent to images execution via SEM. These images, with enlargement of 100x and 500x, were evaluated and the classification averages were obtained. The statistical analysis of these averages was made through the Friedman nonparametric test using the software R. Statistical differences were observed (P<0,05) between groups 0 and 1 in the 100x magnification, whereas in the 500x magnification there was no difference (P>0,05) between the groups. The evaluation based on SEM images at two magnifications was essential, as it allowed the visualization of grooves and remaining calculi in a comprehensive way at 100x magnification and in more detail at 500x.
Avaliação do esmalte dentário de cão por microscopia eletrônica de varredura após diferentes tipos de polimento
Authors: Correia Nelcimara Mirley de Souza , Barros Vitor Eduardo Arantes de , Arnhold Emmanuel , Fioravanti Maria Clorinda Soares , Carneiro Raquel Cunha , Guimarães Patricia Lorena da Silva Neves
Published: June 2023

Resumo O polimento é um procedimento importante que faz parte do tratamento da doença periodontal, sendo comumente realizado com auxílio de pasta profilática e, propicia o alisamento da superfície dental, dificultando a adesão de nova placa bacteriana. Com esse estudo, objetivou-se avaliar por meio da microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) os efeitos do polimento dental, avaliando qualitativamente, a eficácia e o dano, em três tratamentos distintos, após a remoção dos cálculos dentários. Foram utilizados 20 dentes (quatro de cada cão), de onde se obtiveram três amostras de cada. As 60 amostras foram distribuídas em três grupos (G0= segmentos dentários submetidos à profilaxia sem polimento; G1= profilaxia da face vestibular seguida de polimento com utilização de Defengy OC® e G2= profilaxia da face vestibular seguida de polimento com utilização de pedra pomes e flúor gel). As amostras foram preparadas e enviadas para realização das imagens por MEV. Estas imagens, com ampliação de 100x e de 500x, foram avaliadas e as médias de classificação obtidas. A análise estatística dessas médias foi feita por meio do teste não paramétrico de Friedman, utilizando o software R. Observou-se diferença estatística (P<0,05) entre os grupos 1 e 0 na magnificação de 100x, já na magnificação de 500x não houve diferença estatística (P>0,05) entre os grupos. O polimento foi eficaz ao tornar a superfície do esmalte dental lisa e regular reduzindo as ranhuras provocadas pela limpeza e retirou as granulações de cálculo remanescentes. A avaliação a partir das imagens de MEV em duas ampliações foi fundamental, por ter propiciado a visualização de ranhuras e cálculos remanescentes de forma abrangente na magnificação de 100x e mais detalhadamente na de 500x.
Modos de vida e trabalho de imigrantes haitianos no Oeste do Paraná/Brasil
Authors: David Jean Bart , Rizzotto Maria Lucia Frizon , Gouvêa Leda Aparecida Vanelli Nabuco de
Published: June 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar o processo migratório, os modos de vida e trabalho de haitianos que residem no município de Cascavel-Paraná e suas expressões nas condições de saúde, no padrão de consumo e na vida política e ideológica. Método: Pesquisa observacional transversal. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, de dezembro de 2019 a dezembro de 2020 com 128 participantes, imigrantes haitianos residentes no município. Para análise, utilizou-se estatística descritiva simples, discutidos com a literatura pertinente, tendo como referencial a teoria da determinação social. Resultados: A maioria dos participantes foi da população masculina 75,0% (n = 96), adultos jovens 71,0% (n = 91), falam duas línguas ou mais 87,5% (n = 112), de religião católica 61,7% (n = 79), com escolaridade de nível médio ou acima 57,0% (n = 73). Consideram boas suas condições de vida e saúde, mas estão insatisfeitos com as condições de trabalho e salário. Conclusão: O favorecimento da vinda de imigrantes haitianos para atuarem em frigoríficos da região, pode indicar exploração do trabalho de grupos vulneráveis econômica e socialmente. Políticas de integração e o reconhecimento da formação escolar do país de origem, podem contribuir para melhorar a condição de vida desta população.
CHALLENGES FACED BY NURSE-MANAGERS AT WORK IN BRAZILIAN AND PORTUGUESE HOSPITALS: A MIXED-METHODS STUDY
Authors: Vandresen Lara , Pires Denise Elvira Pires de , Trindade Letícia de Lima , Ribeiro Olga Maria Pimenta Lopes , Martins Maria Manuela Ferreira Pereira da Silva , Mendes Mariana
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the challenges found in nurse-managers' work in the Brazilian and Portuguese hospital contexts. Method: a mixed-methods research study with a sequential explanatory approach, carried out between March 2019 and March 2020 with nurse-managers from four hospitals. The study was initiated with the quantitative stage, applying a survey to 143 participants and analyzing the data by means of analytical and inferential statistics. The qualitative stage was carried out with 71 of these participants using interviews, in order to understand the challenges inherent to this job, and the data were submitted to content analysis. Integration of the findings was performed through data connection. Results: in the quantitative stage, the results evidenced that the managerial activities carried out by nurses by scenario included planning, people management, management of care processes, management of materials, quality management and leadership, with higher mean values for the first four. The qualitative stage allowed deepening the previous findings, contrasting invisibility of the planning, confirming people management as the common challenge to the realities, explaining the mean values in the national and Portuguese scopes. Integration of the findings detailed the relevance of the conflicts and the deficit of professionals in people management and leadership. Conclusion: managing people, care processes and materials are challenges for nurses in hospital management in both countries. Nurses lack structural support and ongoing training for better management and improvement of planning and leadership.
A questão armênia na imprensa: narrativas sobre os massacres hamidianos no Fanfulla (1894-1897)
Authors: Malatian Teresa
Published: June 2023

RESUMO Pretende-se neste artigo analisar a produção discursiva do jornal Fanfulla sobre os massacres de armênios ocorridos no Império Otomano durante o sultanato de Abdul Hamid II. Nosso objetivo é aqui verificar os interesses do jornal na construção dessas narrativas divulgadas no período de 1894-1897, bem como suas relações com a política da Itália e da Inglaterra. A troca internacional de informações entre o Fanfulla e outros jornais, constitui um eixo articulador deste artigo.
Higiene, educação física e subúrbio: o caderno da Escola Nicarágua (1928)
Authors: Silva Leonardo Mattos da Motta , Góis Junior Edivaldo
Published: June 2023

Resumo Neste estudo, foram evidenciados discursos e práticas pedagógicas centrados na questão da saúde no contexto da Escola Nicarágua, especificamente no que diz respeito à higiene e à educação física na Semana de Educação da Associação Brasileira de Educação (ABE) de 1928. Para isso, em uma microanálise, analisamos a organização de um caderno pedagógico produzido na Escola Nicarágua, situada no subúrbio da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, sobre o tema da saúde. Desse modo, objetivamos compreender como as representações sobre educação higiênica e educação física eram apropriadas pelos agentes sociais presentes na escola, em conexão com os objetivos de uma educação saudável defendida pela ABE. Por meio das fontes, considerou-se que os estudantes da Escola Nicarágua, a despeito dos anseios dos intelectuais e das suas condições de vida, a partir das suas práticas, souberam expressar o que era eleito como modelo na escola.
Cognitive performance, burden and stress in aged caregivers of older adults with and without cognitive impairment
Authors: Corrêa Larissa , Ottaviani Ana Carolina , Bregola Allan Gustavo , Oliveira Nathalia Alves de , Bento Sirlei Ricarte , Pavarini Sofia Cristina Iost
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT. There is an increasing number of aged people who provide care for other older people. Commonly existing burden and stress can change the forms of cognitive performance depending on the context of the aged caregivers. Objective: To compare the cognitive performance, burden and stress of aged caregivers of older adults with and without signs of cognitive impairment. Methods: A cross-sectional and quantitative study conducted with 205 aged caregivers of older adults with signs of cognitive impairment and 113 aged caregivers of older adults without signs of cognitive impairment treated in Primary Health Care. They were evaluated for sociodemographic characteristics, cognition, burden, and stress. Descriptive (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test) and comparative (Student's t-test and Pearson's χ² test) analyses were performed. Results: Aged caregivers of older adults with signs of cognitive impairment were older, had lower schooling levels, and a higher percentage of daily care hours compared to the aged caregivers of older adults without signs of cognitive impairment. Regarding cognitive performance, the means were lower for all domains. In addition, this same group had higher scores, with a statistically significant difference for perceived stress and burden. Conclusion: Aged caregivers of older adults with signs of cognitive impairment showed lower cognitive performance, as well as higher burden and stress levels. These findings guide the planning of interventions with aged caregivers in the Primary Health Care.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome in older adults amid the COVID-19 pandemic and associated factors
Authors: Mafra Tasso Kfuri Araújo , Stobbe Julio Cesar , Rabello Renata dos Santos , Lindemann Ivana Loraine , Silva Shana Ginar da
Published: June 2023

Abstract Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) is one of the most worrying respiratory diseases, characterized by a flu-like condition associated with tachypnea or hypoxemia, with saturation below 95% in ambient air. In the context of the new coronavirus (SARSCoV- 2) pandemic, exponential growth in cases was observed, with the elderly being the most affected population group. This study aimed to describe SARS cases, as well as socio-demographic and health-associated factors in the elderly population of a city in the north of Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. This is an epidemiological study carried out by Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System. The information was made available by the Municipal Health Department of the Passo Fundo between January 1st and December 31st, 2020. In the descriptive analysis, the distribution of absolute (n) and relative (%) frequencies of the variables of interest was performed. Crude and adjusted odds ratios were estimated using Logistic Regression. A total of 1,268 SARS notifications were observed in the elderly, 72% of which were caused by covid-19. The lethality was high (40.9%), mainly among men and those with low education, with the presence of at least one risk factor, especially chronic kidney disease. It is expected that the associations highlighted in this study can help to develop health policies aimed at the health of the elderly, especially by strengthening actions in primary health care.
What it is like to be an older person with memory complaints: the perception of women seen at a Physical Rehabilitation Center
Authors: Moretto Rafaela Gulhak , Favarin Thais Schemberger , Costanaro Camila , Malacarne Vilmar , Tavares Keila Okuda
Published: June 2023

Abstract Objective To understand what it is like to be an older person with memory complaints from the perspective of women seen at a Physical Rehabilitation Center. Method A qualitative exploratory descriptive study was conducted involving a population of older women aged >60 years who had impaired cognitive function, as measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and subjective memory complaints was carried out. A questionnaire was applied to characterize the participants and an audio-recorded semi-structured interview based on a guiding question was conducted. The transcribed interviews were analyzed using Bardin's Content Analysis. Results The age of the 19 participants ranged from 62 to 84 years, with mean of 72.37 (±6.72) years. Reading and analysis of the discourse produced in response to the guiding question revealed two categories: (1) feelings the older women experienced due to memory complaints; (2) daily life situations affected by memory complaints. Conclusion Being an older woman with memory complaints was reported as challenging, promoting changes in daily life, impacting situations that used to be routine, and requiring readjustments both for the older individual with memory impairment and those around them.
“RichBlend” protocol for full-face filling and collagen biostimulation
Authors: ALMEIDA Elizandra Paccola Moretto de , LEVY Flávia Mauad , BUZALAF Marília Afonso Rabelo
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT The “RichBlend” protocol was designed for facial filling and collagen biostimulation, by means of a mixture of calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA), hyaluronic acid (AH) and autologous platelet concentrates. This work reports the case of a 53-year-old patient with cutaneous photoaging, loss of facial volume, multiple rhythms in the frontal and periorbital regions, also marked skin flaccidity, especially the eyelid. The treatment was done with botulinum toxin (65 U) and the “RichBlend” protocol. Venipuncture was performed and the blood was centrifuged to obtain i-PRF (injectable platelet-rich fibrin) and plasma gel. After venipuncture and blood centrifugation, i-PRF and plasma gel were obtained. CaHA (Radiesse®) was diluted: a) in saline solution + i-PRF (hyperdilution) for biostimulationof the lower third of the face; and b) in AH (Juvederm Ultraplus XC®) + plasma gel, for hydrolifting on the forehead and dark circles, malar and temples. Plasma gel was applied to the nasogenian grooves and then the entire face was properly massaged. The “RichBlend” protocol rejuvenated the patient, as it promoted filling, volumizing, collagen formation (biostimulation), reduction of flaccidity, in addition to skin whitening. Since HA and CaHA are high-cost products, their mixture with autologous platelet concentrates, in liquid or gel form, allows the use of a greater amount of filled and biostimulator material on the face, at a more affordable cost.
Bonding performance of universal adhesives with concomitant use of silanes to CAD/CAM blocks
Authors: AMARAL Marina , RIZZATO Jaqueline Maria Brandão , ALMEIDA Victoria Caroline Souza de , LIPORONI Priscila Christiane Suzy , ZANATTA Rayssa Ferreira
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: This study assessed whether the use of a silane coupling agent influence the bond strength of two universal adhesives to ceramic or resin CAD/CAM blocks. Methods: Forty-eight samples were obtained from each resin nano-ceramic hybrid block (RCBs) and lithium disilicate ceramic blocks (LD). Samples were treated with silane with MDP (Monobond - S-MDP), silane without MDP (Prosil - PS), and no silane application (Control - Ctr) followed by universal adhesive with silane (UAS) and without silane (UA) (n=8). Three polyurethane tubes (1.5 mm of internal diameter) were positioned in each sample treated surface and filled with a dual cured resin cement. Bond strength was assessed by microshear bond strength test and failure analysis was performed for all samples. Results: For the RCBs, UAS presented the highest bond strength values (p=0.004). Silane application was not significant in bond strength values (p=0.444). For LD, silane application was significant in bond strength values (p<0.001), but the adhesive was not (p=0.066). Failure analysis showed high prevalence of adhesive failures for both substrates. Conclusion: A silane-containing universal adhesive promoted the best bond strength results to the resin nano-ceramic hybrid block. For bonding to a glass-ceramic CAD/CAM material, additional silane (without MDP) application presented the best results.
Analysis of smile photos posted on social networks as an alternative for human identification
Authors: FERREIRA Warney Pires , LAGES Vinícius Aguiar , PRADO JÚNIOR Raimundo Rosendo
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT Photos of smiles posted on social media contain information on individuals’ anatomical and oral morphological characteristics, which can be important for ante and post-mortem human identification, during confrontation for forensic purposes. Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using smile photographs on social networks as a source of information for human forensic identification. Methods: The study sample consisted of forty individuals, randomly divided into four equal groups, two groups in Instagram (IG®) and two groups in Facebook (FB®). Standardized oral photographs of the anterior teeth of the participants, from three different angles (post-mortem photos) were taken using a Nikon® EOS 550D camera. Photos of smiles posted in FB and IG by the participants were also collected (ante-mortem photos). The analysis were carried out by 4 forensic experts, 18 dental professors, and 21 dental students. They compared simulated ante and post-mortem photos, to identify the alleged victims. Results: The correct identification score ranged from 28.6% (students) to 100% (forensic experts). The most frequently reported dental characteristics used for the identification were morphology of the anterior teeth, zenith, and gingival recessions. There was no statistically significant association between the rate of correct identification and the degree of difficulty reported during the analysis (p= 0,068), whereas there was also no association between this index and or the duration of the analysis (p=0,884). Conclusions: Therefore, the photographs of the smile posted on social media proved to be a database of dental information, and with potential to assist in identification with dental forensic purposes.
A clinical evaluation of zirconia reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic CAD/CAM onlay: a two-year case report
Authors: MARQUES Joyce Figueiredo de Lima , SOBRAL-SOUZA Danielle Ferreira , MARCHI Giselle Maria , LIMA Débora Alves Nunes Leite , AGUIAR Flávio Henrique Baggio
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT The CAD/CAM technology arose from the need to develop materials with better mechanical and optical properties that could be used for making monolithic restorations. Several materials have been used for milling indirect restorations in prefabricated blocks. Among them, lithium silicate reinforced with zirconia. Due to its recent introduction in the market, this case report aimed to present a detailed clinical protocol for the execution of a ceramic onlay of this material using CAD/CAM technology. A 57-year-old female patient sought care with extensive restoration in composite resin (BOMD) of tooth 15 maintained for almost two years. However, due to bruxism, constant dental tightening, the extension of the direct restoration and the need for improved esthetics, it was proposed to replace it with an indirect ceramic onlay restoration. Prophylaxis and choice of the color of the patient’s dental substrate were performed. Afterwards, the dental preparation was made and polished. Subsequently, the molding was made with addition silicone and the provisional restoration confectioned. Once the stone model was obtained, it was scanned and the ceramic onlay restoration was milled using CAD/CAM technology. Finally, the restoration was stained and cemented over the preparation. After 2 years, the restoration remained stable, with no evidence of color mismatch, marginal discoloration, marginal cleft, caries or fracture, proving the effectiveness of the treatment in this time interval. The correct indication of the ceramic material combined with the use of CAD/CAM technology facilitated the restorative process, restoring function and the esthetics desired by the patient.
Xerostomia impacts oral health-related quality of life in individuals with end-stage renal disease
Authors: OLIVEIRA Leandro Machado , SCHÖFFER Caroline , SANTI Samantha Simoni , ARGENTA Laércio Cassol , ANTONIAZZI Raquel Pippi , ZANATTA Fabrício Batistin
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: This two-centre cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate whether xerostomia occurrence is associated with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) after the adjustment for potential confounders. Methods: Oral examinations were performed by calibrated examiners for untreated dental caries, periodontitis and tooth loss in 180 adults with ESRD. The presence of xerostomia was determined using the global question “How often does your mouth feel dry?”. OHRQoL was evaluated by the simplified version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP14) questionnaire. Multivariate zero-inflated negative binomial regression analysis was used to calculate the incidence rate ratios (IRR) for the nonzero scores and odds ratios (OR) of having no impact in OHIP14 scores according to the presence of exposure. Results: In the adjusted model, xerostomia (IRR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.12 to 2.20) was associated with poorer OHRQoL. The adjusted domain-specific analysis revealed that xerostomia occurrence significantly impacted the psychological disability and social disability, and the chance of having no impact was lower for the psychological discomfort domain (OR = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.98). Conclusion: Xerostomia exert an impact on OHRQoL in patients with ESRD, mainly in the psychological and social disabilities constructs.
Oral mucocele exhibiting an extraoral swelling: a case report of an atypical presentation
Authors: MORITA Lucas , SANTOS Vinícius Paes de Assis , DEBONI Maria Cristina Zindel , FERRAZ Emanuela Prado
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT Despite being common pathological entities found in the oral cavity, oral mucoceles can present distinct features, raising several diagnostic possibilities and treatments. In this study, we report the case of a 34-year-old man with an asymptomatic increased volume in the left periorbital region of more than a year, without remission or associated trauma. An aspiration biopsy was performed, followed by an excisional biopsy, and the specimen was sent for histopathological examination. Results led to the diagnosis of an oral mucocele. Surgical removal was performed in an excisional biopsy. Subsequently, the patient recovered promptly without further complications. Although oral mucoceles recur relatively often, its prognosis is good. This case emphasizes the importance of obtaining a detailed disease history, knowledge of its clinical features, and etiopathogenesis combined with complementary examinations to establish diagnostic hypotheses and converge on an adequate and individualized treatment plan
Mapeamento das representações sociais da Psicologia: um estudo em contexto português
Authors: Gonçalves Sónia Pedroso , Nogueira Clementina da Conceição Lobato , Silva Marlene Vale da , Carlotto Mary Sandra
Published: June 2023

Resumo Objetivo: O presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar as representações sociais da Psicologia numa amostra de inquiridos portugueses, contribuindo, assim, para um maior entendimento do significado social dessa área científica. Método: Foi realizada uma tarefa de associação em uma amostra composta de 205 portugueses aos quais foi dado como estímulo a palavra “Psicologia”. Os dados foram analisados através de análise de conteúdo, com apoio do software Max-Qda. Resultados: Os principais resultados evidenciam uma maior diversidade de representações face a estudos anteriores. No entanto, a representação dominante em termos interventivos continua a ser a clínica curativa e o paradigma médico. Conclusão: Esta pesquisa permitiu evidenciar a necessidade de que profissionais de Psicologia e entidades que os representam reforcem a visibilidade e a consciência da comunidade em geral sobre as áreas de aplicação da Psicologia, quer no contexto científico, quer no profissional.
Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and affects in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Pereira Jefferson Luiz , Ulisses Sofia Marques Viana , Del Bianco Omar Moreira , Lukasova Katerina
Published: June 2023

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to evaluate symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and affects in health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Three hundred and seventy-four health professionals, among which 235 were front-line and 139 non-front-line workers, answered an online questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic data, identification of past mental disorders, personal experience facing the pandemic, the Impact of Event Scale, and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. The sample consisted mainly of physicians and nursing staff aged between 30 and 49 years. Results: The results demonstrate high scores of symptoms related to post-traumatic stress disorder, with greater expressiveness among front-line professionals, especially in the nursing staff, and a strong correlation of these results with negative affects. Conclusion: Psychological assistance and interventions directed to health professionals are urgent to mitigate the impacts caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Mapas, pontos de vista, perspectivas
Authors: Boffi Guido
Published: June 2023

Resumo: este ensaio revisa a gênese da perspectiva nas práticas e teorias artísticas e considera seus desenvolvimentos na filosofia. O perspectivismo de Nietzsche se encaixa nessa trajetória. O termo “perspectivismo” designa, em Nietzsche, o mapeamento dos modos de interação e correlação entre formas de vida. Na antropologia contemporânea de Viveiros de Castro, o perspectivismo é a filosofia elaborada pelos povos amazônicos, para quem o mundo é habitado por diferentes tipos de sujeitos ou pessoas, humanos e não-humanos, que apreendem as realidades a partir de diferentes pontos de vista. O trabalho sobre a multiplicidade de sujeitos (ou pessoas) não-humanos incita à reflexão sobre os déficits cognitivos da espécie humana, incapaz de perceber pontos de vista, linguagens e mapeamentos da realidade próprios de outras espécies.
Noção de Culpa [Schuld] nas perspectivas de Nietzsche e Heidegger
Authors: Pereira Gracy Kelly Bourscheid
Published: June 2023

Resumo: Esta pesquisa analisa a noção de culpa [Schuld] nas perspectivas dos filósofos alemães Nietzsche e Heidegger. Observando a importância da investigação sobre a culpa nos escritos de Nietzsche percebemos que a superação da culpa revelou o seu intento de ver surgir uma cultura mais elevada do que a moral. Já na busca ontológica de Heidegger pelo sentido do ser, Schuld é concebida como constituição essencial, como um modo de ser originário do ser-no-mundo. Distante de impetrarmos uma análise comparativa das noções de culpa em tão distintas avaliações filosóficas, nossa pretensão é investigar a relevância de Schuld na perspectiva crítica da Genealogia da moral de Nietzsche e no pensamento ontológico de Ser e tempo de Heidegger.
Validação do Questionário “Conhecimento, Atitudes e Práticas” em populações de gestantes expostas a agrotóxicos
Authors: Cassol Karlla , Magni Cristiana , Ribeiro Vanessa Veis , Mondelli Maria Fernanda Capoani Garcia , Lopes Andrea Cintra
Published: June 2023

RESUMO Objetivo validar o questionário CAP em populações de gestantes expostas aos agrotóxicos no Estado do Paraná. Método participaram do estudo 382 gestantes, divididas em dois grupos: Expostas a Agrotóxicos (n=320) e Não Expostas (n=62). O processo de validação envolveu a validade de conteúdo, critério e constructo. As etapas da pesquisa foram desenvolvidas entre agosto/2018 a dezembro/2019 na região oeste e centro-oeste do Paraná. Resultados o instrumento demonstrou concordância aceitável na Validade de conteúdo por meio da avaliação de juízes; a Validade de critério por meio do critério estabelecido não apresentou associação; na análise da Validade de construto pela técnica de grupos conhecidos, demonstrou homogeneidade nas variáveis idade, nacionalidade e renda familiar. Conclusão a análise desenvolvida indicou que as propriedades psicométricas da validação da versão brasileira da escala são consistentes e adequadas, o que permite a recomendação da aplicação do instrumento em contexto nacional.
Elaborar, compartilhar, narrar: uma análise narrativa de três abordagens de comunicação em Saúde
Authors: Mandia Tatiana Milla , Teixeira Ricardo Rodrigues
Published: June 2023

Resumo A comunicação, a despeito de ser considerada um aspecto primordial no exercício da prática médica, não ganhou tanta proeminência na literatura e formação médica quanto os aspectos tecnológicos e biomédicos. Em resposta a esse contexto, surgiram campos de conhecimento que se propõem a refletir e fortalecer aspectos da comunicação entre o médico e o paciente. No presente artigo, realizamos uma análise narrativa da literatura de três abordagens de comunicação em Saúde: Grupos Balint, Método Clínico Centrado na Pessoa e Medicina Baseada em Narrativa. Foram destacados aproximações e distanciamentos entre tais abordagens, com o reconhecimento da potência própria de cada uma delas nos diversos contextos da prática médica.
Covid-19 as a multifaceted crisis and its implications on human trafficking or other forms of human exploitation
Authors: Medeiros André Aparecido , Vasconcellos Maria da Penha
Published: June 2023

Abstract This essay aims to analyze to what extent the covid-19 pandemic and the approach given to it affect the dynamics of human trafficking, sexual exploitation, labor abuse, and the care received by victims. Human trafficking is contextualized in a scenario of global fragility, establishing additional risks related to the migrant reality, social class, gender and age, and acquiring its own aggravating factors as a result of covid-19, considering the reduction in investigating and offering assistance to those affected. Isolation measures have a serious impact on these individuals, as they fail to generate profits for their tormentors and remain in precarious environments, in a scenario conducive to labor exploitation and other forms of violence. Sexual exploitation becomes even more clandestine, exposing the victim to new forms of pressure and contamination. Health information and the possibility of prevention and treatment are modest or non-existent for trafficked people, who are commonly cut off from strategies related to health emergencies, without access to protection protocols, amid a lack of autonomy. The need for an inclusive socio-sanitary model, constantly observing the demands related to marginalized groups, is highlighted.
Environment, health, and the COVID-19: from global crisis to sustainable existence
Authors: Medeiros André Aparecido , Vasconcellos Maria da Penha
Published: June 2023

Abstract This essay analyzes the socio-sanitary impacts exerted by the environment, incorporating the dynamics brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic and unveiling its repercussions. Countries that failed to prevent the virus spread and to established effective and collaborative intervention measures were hit the hardest. Environmental destruction reached new heights in the pandemic, as have the threats faced by its defenders, further aggravating the crisis. In this scenario one can highlight the risks posed to Brazilian Indigenous peoples and Latin American environmentalists; the emergence of dangerous groups; and the implementation of government policies with critical effects on environmental preservation that put traditional ways of life at risk. It is thus recognized that the planet faces not only a health crisis, but also a socioeconomic and environmental one. To overcome such heterogeneous crisis, efforts must be multifaceted, involving: caring for health and ecosystems; eliminating global poverty and sanitary inequality; reducing environmental risks; protecting traditional ways of life; defending democracies and human rights; and fostering sustainable development policies and international cooperation. These efforts will also affect the years to come, minimizing the risks of new pandemics and acting to preserve the environment.
Stopping criteria for genetic improvement software for beef-cattle mating selection
Authors: Vidal Ezequiel Luís , Camargo Sandro da Silva , Cardoso Fernando Flores
Published: June 2023

Abstract The objective of this work was to propose a new stopping criterion to shorten the computing time of the PampaPlus genetic improvement software, while maximizing the genetic qualification index (GQI) of the progeny, controlling inbreeding, and avoiding unintended culling. Data from two beef-cattle herds integrating PampaPlus were used. Five mating scenarios were built using different numbers of sires (9 to 37) and dams (142 to 568). The analyzed algorithm inputs were: expected progeny differences, pedigree information, maximum inbreeding, maximum and minimum number of matches for each sire, and penalty weights for poor performance. The analyzed response variables were computing time and the GQI of the progenies. Three stopping criteria were used: original stopping criterion fixed at 1,000 iterations; saturation stopping criterion (SSC), based on GQI variance; and Bhandari’s stopping criterion (BSC), which includes the generation interval parameter. SSC and BSC reduced processing time in 24.43-53.64% and in 14.32-50.87%, respectively. BSC reaches solution in less time, without losses in GQI quality. BSC is generalizable and effective to reduce the processing time of mating recommendations.
Formação estatística nos programas de pós-graduação brasileiros: análise das disciplinas oferecidas
Authors: Marques Felipe Tumenas , Louzada Neto Francisco
Published: June 2023

Resumo A estatística é uma das bases da ciência e seu ensino em programas de pós-graduação tem influência direta na formação da próxima geração de pesquisadores. Este trabalho traz um panorama geral das disciplinas relacionadas à estatística na pós-graduação stricto sensu no Brasil, a partir da análise das ementas das 176.823 disciplinas, sendo 12.552 com conteúdos relacionados à estatística. Dentre os fatos encontrados temos que poucos programas possuem disciplinas obrigatórias relacionadas à estatística. Quanto maior o conceito da pós-graduação na Capes, maior a quantidade média de disciplinas relacionadas à estatística ofertadas. Entretanto, essa relação não está presente nas disciplinas obrigatórias. Com relação ao conteúdo das disciplinas, elas se dividem em dois grandes grupos. Um grupo com base teórica em probabilidade e estatística, outro com foco em aplicações e utilização de ferramentas. Existe um pequeno terceiro grupo de disciplinas, ofertadas na língua inglesa. Por fim, a oferta de disciplinas relacionadas a técnicas avançadas (Machine Learning) é, se comparada à oferta das disciplinas relacionadas à estatística, muito pequena e se concentra, principalmente, nos programas de Engenharia e Ciências Exatas e da Terra.
O impacto das alterações do FIES na permanência no ensino superior entre 2015 e 2019
Authors: Custódio André Viana , Braga Juliana Toralles dos Santos
Published: June 2023

Resumo O estudo pretende estudar o impacto das modificações normativas do FIES na permanência de estudantes no ensino superior no Brasil entre 2015 e 2019, o que se mostra relevante na medida em que a rede privada garante uma considerável participação na educação superior, sendo necessário compreender a importância e os impactos que o reordenamento do acesso àquele programa gera. O problema proposto é: de que forma as modificações operadas no FIES impactaram na evasão do estudante do ensino superior a partir de 2015? Assim, inicialmente é feita uma análise dos objetivos e metas da expansão do ensino superior no Plano Nacional de Educação para o período. Após, considerando as modificações legislativas e os atos do Poder Executivo no Brasil, são descritas as modificações normativas do FIES. Por fim, são examinados os dados publicados pelo INEP do período relativos à permanência do estudante do ensino superior relacionada ao FIES. A hipótese aventada é de que as modificações relativas às regras do programa de financiamento estudantil relacionado ao FIES, a partir de 2015, dificultaram o acesso ao benefício e tiveram impacto direto na evasão do estudante do ensino superior. O método de abordagem será dedutivo e o método de procedimento monográfico com técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental.
Programa de Classes Descentralizadas na expansão da educação profissional pública paulista: histórico e desdobramentos
Authors: Batista Sueli Soares dos Santos , Pereira Daniel Capella
Published: June 2023

Resumo As estratégias de centralização e descentralização de responsabilidades administrativas e seus reflexos na qualidade da educação oferecida em instituições públicas e privadas têm merecido estudos específicos que buscam compreender como esse processo ocorre em diferentes contextos escolares. O presente estudo parte da seguinte indagação: no âmbito das reformas neoliberais da educação, qual é a função do Programa de Classes Descentralizadas na expansão da educação profissional pública no Estado de São Paulo? O estudo contempla referencial bibliográfico com autores que versam sobre aspectos políticos, sociais e históricos que resultaram na atual estrutura do ensino profissional público, especialmente no Estado de São Paulo. Elas também são analisadas por meio de pesquisa documental, a partir de dados disponíveis pelos órgãos responsáveis pela educação profissional pública no Estado, com foco no Programa de Classes Descentralizadas. A pesquisa evidencia a expansão de matrículas no programa e sua relação com as metas do Plano Estadual da Educação, bem como a prevalência da oferta de cursos do eixo tecnológico de Gestão e Negócios. Tais habilitações demandam estruturas menos custosas e atendem às abordagens tecnicistas e gerencialistas presentes nas políticas, discursos e ações públicas. Cabe destacar que a lógica neoliberal que rege as políticas públicas reduz a função do processo educacional ao desenvolvimento de aptidões economicamente relevantes, desconsiderando aspectos sociais, culturais e regionais, com foco na oferta quantitativa privada, em detrimento da qualidade do ensino público e profissional ofertado.
Numerical modeling of ASR: an updated semi-empirical model
Authors: Torres Sandro Bezerra , Torres Sandro Marden , Torii André Jacomei
Published: June 2023

Abstract Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) is a deleterious expansion phenomenon affecting concrete structures worldwide. It occurs when a susceptible chemical composition of concrete components is present, and it is particularly rampant in inherently humid environments. This phenomenon is exacerbated when found in mass concrete structures such as dams and foundations. The amount of volumetric ASR strain used to be deemed as nearly constant, however, recent advances have shown that it is actually affected by the distribution of volumetric stresses. Therefore, this behavior demands an update in the numerical models that have been devised to simulate the anisotropic ASR-driven expansion. This paper deals with Saouma & Perotti’s thermo-chemo-mechanical coupled model, which has been applied in a solely mechanical manner, and updated to account for a varying volumetric strain. A simulation of the experiment that shed new light on the variation of ASR volumetric strain was then carried out with the finite element method package COMSOL. As a result, significantly smaller errors in predicted strains were attained by the updated model in comparison to the original one, and consequently, the new model poses a promising tool for a more accurate simulation of ASR expansion.
Bender-element-based penetrometers for measuring shear wave velocity and shear strength
Authors: Sun H.-M. , Kang X.
Published: June 2023

A bender-element-based dynamic penetrometer (BE-DP) was developed for the measurement of shear wave velocity (Vs-hhand Vs-hv) and shear strength parameters (cohesive strength (c) and internal friction angle (ϕ)) of soils. Shear wave velocity was measured through two pairs of bender elements installed in the cone shafts. Small-strain stiffness (Ghhand Ghv) and stiffness anisotropic ratio (Ghh/Ghv) were calculated through the measured shear wave velocity. Shear strength parameters were obtained through a series of theoretical formulas. In-situ tests of fully weathered slate (FWS) and granite residual soil (GRS) by applying BE-DP indicated that FWS had obvious stiffness anisotropy while GRS had slight stiffness anisotropy, which were in consistent with SEM and TEM observations of two kinds of soils. Meanwhile, SEM and TEM observations also showed that soil particle size of FWS was much larger than that of GRS, resulting in a much larger shear wave velocity and small-strain stiffness of FWS than GRS. Due to less disturbance of in-situ tests than laboratory experiments, shear strength measured by BE-DP was a little bit larger than that measured by laboratory experiments for both FWS and GRS. In-situ test results proved that the newly developed BE-DP was feasible, robust, multifunctional and cost-effective.
Random time-activity budgets in captive Southern Ground Hornbill Bucorvus leadbeateri
Authors: Cooper Mark , Jordan Lara
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The conservation status of the Southern Ground Hornbill (Bucorvus leadbeateri) is vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. The Mabula Ground Hornbill Conservation Project (2011) and Southern Ground Hornbill conservation in general aim to increase the number of hornbills through five main techniques: (1) supplemental feeding, (2) double clutching, (3) alternation of chicks, (4) group augmentation and (5) chick fostering. Numbers are threatened directly by habitat loss, hunting and international trade, and indirectly by group size (through the Allee effect) and communal breeding. Furthermore, the species has a highly K-selected life-history pattern. Captive breeding of this bird can potentially increase the population size twofold because both eggs laid are guaranteed a chance of survival, whereas in the wild only one egg is likely to survive. Time-activity budgets in birds can be used to illustrate reproductive effort. Time-activity budgets are known for Southern Ground Hornbills from wild birds in the Kruger National Park and from one captive pair (Johnson B 2004, personal communication). We compared the time-activity budgets of captive Southern Ground Hornbills in the Johannesburg Zoo with randomly expected behaviour of the same birds and previously studied birds.
Land Change Science: Understanding the complexity of monitoring protected areas in savanna ecosystems of Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: ÖZDEŞ Mehmet , SOUTHWORTH Jane
Published: June 2023

Land Change Science (LCS), as a coupled human-environment system, is a multidisciplinary area that explores the dynamics of land use and land cover to understand key theories, problems, methodologies, and model applications. The present review integrated the research that have been conducted in the savanna ecosystem of Sub-Saharan Africa from a geographical perspective. The present study elaborates contemporary issues and thoughts in terms of several key aspects: (1) Impacts of protected areas on the surrounding natural environment, wildlife, and socio-economic activities of humans, (2) with the impact of new developments in remote sensing (RS) technology, observations of land change and the changes in the relationship between ecology and RS, (3) the effects of developments in RS on our environmental perspective and new connection opportunities for interrelated scientific disciplines, (4) the vulnerability of the savanna vegetation due to its multilayered and complex structure. Due to the changing climatic conditions, it is inevitable that ecosystems will encounter various problems in the near future, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. Understanding the complex savanna ecosystem remains a challenge for researchers. Therefore, it is very essential to observe better and understand the nature and socio-economic cycle of human for a sustainable future of savanna ecosystems.