bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rozwój przemysłu turystycznego departamentów Francji zamorskiej w warunkach światowego kryzysu gospodarczego
Authors: Dorocki Sławomir , Brzegowy Paweł
Published: February 2021

Francuski sektor turystyczny stanowi jedną z najszybciej rozwijających się i dochodowych gałęzi narodowej gospodarki, a sama Francja należy do czołówki państw czerpiących największe korzyści z obsługi ruchu turystycznego. Z końcem ostatniego dziesięciolecia odwiedziło Republikę przeszło 81 mln turystów, co pozwoliło wygenerować ponad 6% PKB i dało zatrudnienie około 2 mln osób. Od lat 60. XX w. rozwój turystyki objął również ówczesne departamenty i terytoria zamorskie (DOM- -TOM), które odznaczają się licznymi materialnymi świadectwami kolonialnej przeszłości i bogatym potencjałem przyrodniczym. Regiony te oferują szereg atrakcji i stanowią obecnie prestiżowy cel wypraw turystycznych. Zamierzeniem prezentowanego studium jest zarys charakterystyki francuskiego przemysłu turystycznego w jej departamentach zamorskich w warunkach światowego kryzysu gospodarczego. Globalny spadek produktywności połączony ze wzrostem zadłużenia publicznego wielu państw wpłynął na regres branży turystycznej, tak w ruchu międzynarodowym, jak i wewnątrzkrajowym. Zgodnie z raportem UNWTO zaliczono Francję do grupy pięciu państw o najwyższej recepcji ruchu podróżnych (–7,8%). Podczas analizowania przemysłu turystycznego Francji zamorskiej, wyrażonego przez produkcję dóbr i usług turystycznych, zbadano jego najważniejsze sektory, takie jak atrakcyjność wypoczynkowa, baza noclegowa wraz ze zmianami ruchu turystycznego oraz uśredniona długość pobytów. W artykule zawarto ocenę potencjału turystycznego oraz produktu turystycznego ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem alternatywnych form turystyki tradycyjnej, zwłaszcza popularnej w departamentach pozaeuropejskich ekoturystyki. Zważywszy na różnorodność form francuskiej turystyki kwalifikowanej i morskiej, dokonano ich zwięzłej charakterystyki. W skutek przeanalizowania turystycznych strategii rozwoju, m.in. Schéma d’aménagement et de développement touristique (Schematu planowania przestrzennego i rozwoju turystyki) oraz Programme Sectoriel en Agritourisme (Sektorowego Programu Rozwoju Agroturystyki), podjęto próbę udzielenia odpowiedzi na pytanie o aktualność i efektywność tychże inicjatyw w świetle rosnącej konkurencyjności i spadku udziału turystów zagranicznych w ogólnej liczbie turystów.
Barriers to Transformation in the South African Universities: Are Solutions Elusive?
Authors: Hlongwane Paulus , Kgosinyane Esther M
Published: February 2021

This article critiques the barriers to transformation in South African universities since the beginning of the democratic dispensation in 1994. The critique is informed by the historical background of apartheid policies, which were instrumental in perpetuating the social-economic exclusion of black people in higher education institutions. Moreover, this paper demystifies the meaning of transformation in the context of higher education in South Africa. To this end, a review of scholarly peer-reviewed and non-scholarly articles was undertaken as a method of collecting relevant data. On the basis of reviewed literature, it is argued that transforming an institutional culture is not a once-off process but requires constant reinforcement of the desired behavioural practices. Similarly, the patriarchal social ideology that is instrumental in creating gender disparities needs to be removed or spurned. Furthermore, universities need to take proactive measures to rescind policies that create polarisation between black and white people. The article concludes that solutions to barriers that impede transformation processes in South African universities are not elusive, yet a well-articulated vision on transformation, as well as decisive and responsive leadership at universities, is essential.
“Soul Buddyz Clubs are for Children, about Children and by Children”: Youth Empowerment through Edutainment
Authors: Moola Sabihah , Cilliers Christiaan
Published: February 2021

This article analyses a brochure of the Soul Buddyz club, which elaborates the core focus of the organisation, the duties of the Soul Buddyz clubs as well as success stories of actual club members and leaders. The literature review expands on health promotion through edutainment, social behavioural change communication theories, namely the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) and the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA)/Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), Empowerment Theory, and Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). A qualitative semiotic analysis was conducted of the brochure, Children Taking the Lead, to establish the meaning-making and use of edutainment via health promotion. The findings indicate how the brochure makes use of a variety of visuals to create meaning, as illustrated throughout the text. Health literacy is core when communicating health promotional messages to the youth. The Soul Buddyz clubs have established a welcoming, secure environment for the youth by creating opportunities such as learning about life skills and health aspects, among other social ills affecting children within rural and urban areas.
Recreating Experience in Nigerian Fiction: Camillus Ukah’s Sweet Things and the Politics of its Production
Authors: Awuzie Solomon
Published: February 2021

This article contends that, in the same way as some postcolonial literature, the latter third generation Nigerian literature is a product of the writer’s experience. When the writer does not reproduce his sociopolitical experience, he reshapes his expectations into literature. The writer manipulates his experience into creative activity that fulfils his innate desire – this is the same desire which he is ordinarily unable to achieve in reality. This article argues further that even though the literature is a product of the writer’s experience, it is harmless and beneficent. Using Camillus Ukah’s Sweet Things as a representative text of the fiction produced by a latter third generation Nigerian literature writer, emphasis is made on the way in which Camillus Ukah has recreated his experience. It concludes that through the novel, Ukah expresses his bitterness towards a certain matrimonial experience that is of his particular concern.
An Exploration of an English Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) Curriculum in Higher Education for Commonwealth Africa’s Youth Transformation
Authors: Nchindila Bernard
Published: February 2021

This research explored the viability of an English Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) curriculum in higher education institutions of teaching, learning and research in Commonwealth Africa. An exploratory qualitative research design based on the review of literature as well as a relevant theoretical framework were deployed to highlight the viability of an English language CLIL curriculum that can foster transformative education amongst the youth in the higher education teaching, learning and research settings of African Commonwealth countries. The review established that English language CLIL curricula are suitable for Commonwealth Africa’s multilingual higher education learning contexts as the starting point of any English language CLIL programme was lacking in the Commonwealth African context. Based on the reviewed literature, the viability of the English language CLIL curriculum for Commonwealth Africa was established. Furthermore, significant implications for the viability of English language CLIL curricula for a transformative and empowering youth education in the whole of Commonwealth Africa are provided. Important recommendations and conclusions are made for further longitudinal empirical research as more data on English language CLIL curricula become available in Commonwealth Africa.
The Critical-Linguistic Critique of the Aesthetic Ideology in the Late Writing of Paul de Man
Authors: Spencer Jeremy
Published: February 2021

The focus of this essay is Paul de Man's provocative antipathy towards the category of the aesthetic in his late writings on philosophical aesthetics. I introduce de Man's critique of what he terms aesthetic ideology – a form of ideological communication – which he considers manifest in the aesthetics of Schiller in particular but also in more scrupulously critical philosophers. I begin the essay with Benjamin's well known observation that twentieth century fascisms aestheticized political practice as part of a defence of existing property relations. I introduce de Man's critique of aesthetic ideology as a way of developing or elaborating on what are relatively sketchy comments on the relationship aesthetics and politics in Benjamin's earlier essay.
Between Blindness and Touching. Jacques Derrida and Jean-Luc Nancy on the Self-Portrait
Authors: Meer Julia
Published: February 2021

The paper analyzes Jacques Derrida’s and Jean-Luc Nancy’s concept of the self-portrait. It is argued that Nancy builds on Derrida’s approach but introduces two decisive modifications. Firstly, he develops the emergence of the painter on the canvas as constitution of the self – an aspect Derrida does not consider. Secondly, Nancy understands portraying – and thus images – on the basis of touching. In contrast, Derrida conceives portraying as coming from the invisible and two forms of blindness. In doing so, he remains ex negativo in a tradition which links images to vision, whereas Nancy tries to overcome it. Nancy’s alterations not only lead to a modified theory of the self-portrait but also refine Derrida’s influential concept of différance by highlighting its corporeal and ontological dimension.
Dante's Self-Angelizing: A Prophecy of Egalitarian Transhumanism
Authors: Hall Joshua M.
Published: February 2021

In this article, I argue that Dante's philosophical goal is what I term "self-angelizing," an ennobling philosophical education granting one the knowledge and power of an angel, which the medieval scholastics conceived as celestial intelligences. Dante's own path to self-angelizing begins in his early New Life, which approaches a living Beatrice as exemplar of terrestrial angels. Next, Dante's middle-period Banquet discusses following Beatrice into self-angelizing through an education in philosophical virtue. Finally, in his climactic Paradise, Dante performs his own self-angelizing. The upshot of this journey is Dante's prophecy of an egalitarian transhumanism.
A influência dos aplicativos de delivery de alimentos no hábito alimentar na região da grande São Paulo – SP
Authors: De Alcantara Felipe Benite , Corsi Giovanna Cavanha , Schubert Carolina Moya Ramos , Lorenzi Andrea , Mello Ana Paula de Queiroz
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar o uso dos Aplicativos de Delivery de Alimentos (ADAs) e a sua influência nos hábitos alimentares da população da grande São Paulo - SP. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, desenvolvido na Grande São Paulo, entre 2019 e 2020, realizado com 307 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, com idade a partir de 18 anos. Os dados foram obtidos através de um questionário online e as análises estatísticas feitas com o auxílio do programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences®. O valor de significância considerado foi de p<0,05. Resultados: Os dados sobre alimentação revelam um maior consumo dos fast foods (p<0,001) e refrigerantes (p<0,001) dos indivíduos que utilizam os ADAs com maior frequência. Além disso, a maior frequência de preparo de alimentos em casa está relacionada com a menor frequência de uso dos ADAs (p=0,046). Os indivíduos que são influenciados por mais de um tipo de propaganda (p<0,001) e recebem cupons frequentemente (p<0,001) costumam utilizá-los em maior proporção. Conclusão: O uso dos ADAs independe das características socioeconômicas e exerce uma influência negativa sobre os hábitos alimentares.
Contribuições da educação interprofissional ao ensino odontológico no Brasil: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Dias Karla Dias Castro , Dias Diego dos Santos , Dias Natália dos Santos , Turci Maria Aparecida
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Compreender a contribuição da Educação Interprofissional (EIP) ao ensino odontológico na formação dos odontólogos brasileiros. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura. A busca dos estudos foi conduzida por duas pesquisadoras, de forma independente, selecionando-se publicações dos últimos 10 anos, nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol. Utilizaram-se as bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e os repositórios nacionais de dissertações e teses. Adicionalmente, realizou-se busca manual em anais de congressos nacionais de odontologia e em reuniões da Associação Brasileira de Ensino Odontológico (ABENO). Resultados: Encontraram-se majoritariamente relatos de experiência, exigindo maior evidência científica; o Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde (PET-Saúde) desempenha importante influência em EIP, aliando-se ao maior engajamento das Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) públicas; as Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) representam o cenário preferencial para prática da EIP. Os principais benefícios das experiências consistiram na troca de saberes, valorização de cada profissional, respeito entre os profissionais, desconstrução de estereótipos e despertamento de novas habilidades.  Considerações Finais: A EIP parece contribuir positivamente na formação dos odontólogos. Verificou-se a necessidade de esforços contínuos da odontologia para investigação e aplicação da EIP no Brasil.
Time and space efficient quantum algorithms for detecting cycles and testing bipartiteness
Authors: Cade Chris , Montanaro Ashley , Belovs Aleksandrs
Published: February 2021

We study space and time-efficient quantum algorithms for two graph problems – deciding whether an n-vertex graph is a forest, and whether it is bipartite. Via a reduction to the s-t connectivity problem, we describe quantum algorithms for deciding both properties in O˜(n 3/2 ) time whilst using O(log n) classical and quantum bits of storage in the adjacency matrix model. We then present quantum algorithms for deciding the two properties in the adjacency array model, which run in time O˜(n √ dm) and also require O(log n) space, where dm is the maximum degree of any vertex in the input graph.
Hyperbolic quantum color codes
Authors: Silva Soares Jr. Waldir , da Silva Eduardo Brandani
Published: February 2021

Current work presents a new approach to quantum color codes on compact surfaces with genus g\geq2 using the identification of these surfaces with hyperbolic polygons and hyperbolic tessellations. We show that this method may give rise to color codes with a very good parameters and we present tables with several examples of these codes whose parameters had not been shown before. We also present a family of codes with minimum distance d=4 and the encoding rate asymptotically going to 1 while n\rightarrow\infty.
Effektivnost' primeneniya preparata«Magnerot®» pri proyavleniyakh sindromasosudistykh narusheniy i gemorragicheskogosindroma u bol'nykh s idiopaticheskimprolapsom mitral'nogo klapana
Authors: Akatova Evgeniya Vladimirovna , Nikolin Olesya Petrovna , Martynov Anatoliy Ivanovich
Published: February 2021

Summary. Aim. To evaluate the efficiency of placebo-controlled magnerot use on vascular and hemorrhagic manifestations
in patients with idiopathic mitral valve prolapse (MVP).
Subjects and methods. Seventy-four patients (31,7% males and 68,3% women) with idiopathic MVP were examined
during a single-blind placebo-controlled study. They were randomized into 2 groups: 1) magnerot (a study group)
and 2) placebo (a control group). The mean age of the study group patients was 30,80,4 years. The placebo group
was matched by age (mean age 31,10,2) and gender. There was a female preponderance among the examinees in
both groups. The study group patients received MagnerotR tablets containing 500 mg of Mg orotate (32,8 Mg of elementary
Mg) in a daily dose of 3000 mg (196,8 mg of elementary Mg) for 6 months. All the patients underwent
comprehensive examination before and 6 months after the study.
Results. A clinical significant reduction in the degree of vascular disorders was noted in 71,3% of the patients with MVP.
The incidence of vascular disorders remained virtually unchanged in the study group. Vascular disorders were significantly
alleviated after the therapy. If before the therapy, mild, moderate, and severe vascular disorders were diagnosed
in 30,2, 55,9, and 13,9% of cases, respectively; whereas after the therapy these were absent in 16,3% of cases; the patients
with mild vascular disorders increased by 2,5-fold and their severe form was undetected. The clinical effect of
the therapy on the severity of hemorrhagic syndrome was observed in 81,4% of patients (75% males and 89,5% females)
and the therapeutic efficiency that very frequently corresponded to clinical improvement was seen in 2,3%.
Conclusion. The effect of magnerot therapy is shown to significantly reduce the incidence and degree of vascular
disorders and hemorrhagic syndrome and their clinical picture as a whole.
How the results and pattern of treatment have recently changed in patients with acute myocardial infarction (according to the data of two Saint-Petersburg hospitals)
Authors: Bolduyeva S. A , Bykova E. G , Leonova I. A , Trostyanetskaya N. A , Yarmosh I. V , Tretyakova N. S , Nesterko A. O
Published: February 2021

The results and pattern of therapy were analyzed in 772 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who were treated at two Saint Petersburg hospitals in 1998 to 2007. A follow-up indicated that drug treatment quality and therapy adherence improved a year after AMI, resulting in a significant reduction in sudden cardiac death rates. At the same time, inadequate primary myocardial reperfusion and myocardial revascularization failed to significantly reduce mortality from chronic heart failure and incidence of myocardial reinfarction. Key words: acute myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, myocardial reinfarction, guidelines for the management of myocardial infarction, drug therapy adherence.
Arterial hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: pathogenetic parallels and clinicofunctional features
Authors: Zadionchenko V. S , Adasheva T. V , Fedorova I. V , Pavlov S. V , Li V. V , Nesterenko O. I
Published: February 2021

The great prevalence of comorbidities, such as arterial hypertension (AH) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), generates a need to study the impact of COPD on the pathogenesis, course, and clinical picture of associated cardiovascular diseases. The paper analyzes the data available in the literature on the pathogenesis and course of arterial hypertension in patients with COPD. The paper also gives the authors’ data on the clinicofunctional and pathophysiological features of AH in patients with COPD. The findings suggest that the study group has clinical vascular and organ dysfunction that may both play a role in the pathogenesis of AH in the presence of COPD and prevent a high cardiovascular risk. Key words: arterial hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Medicines in the rehabilitation of patients after myocardial infarction: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
Authors: Galyavich A. S
Published: February 2021

The paper analyzes the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in patients after prior myocardial infarction. It presents the data of controlled studies, which indicate that it is warranted to use ACE inhibitors to improve prognosis in patients. It is concluded that it is unreasonable for a physician not to prescribe ACE inhibitors to post-myocardial infarction patients with obvious or asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction and to diabetic patients (if no contraindications).
Predoperatsionnaya terapiya statinamiu patsientov s ishemicheskoy bolezn'yu serdtsa
Authors: Barbarash Ol'ga Leonidovna , Bayrakova Yuliya Vyacheslavovna , Kurguzova Evgeniya Mikhaylovna
Published: February 2021

Summary. The need for statins in patients with acute and chronic forms of coronary heart disease is now beyond
doubt. However, there is still a view that from the perspective of safety it is necessary to cancel statins before a surgery
and reinstitute them after a surgery. This review examines the feasibility and safety of preoperative statin therapy
in patients with ischemic heart diseases before planned coronary bypass surgery.
Contribution of traditional risk factors to 10-year survival in elderly male patients with coronary heart disease
Authors: Volkova E. G , Tantsyreva I. V
Published: February 2021

Aim. To estimate the contribution of traditional risk factors to the prediction of fatal outcomes in elderly and senile male patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Subjects and methods. A 10-year prospective cohort study (from early 1997) included 167 male CHD patients aged 60 years or older (mean age 76,3±0,5 years); a comparison group comprised 38 males (mean age 76,9±1,06) with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) without clinical and other signs of CHD. A control group consisted of 32 males over 60 years old without signs of cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, who had been admitted to the therapeutic unit of the same clinic during the same period. The examined patients were followed up for 10 years, by analyzing the disease course and monitoring fatal events. Results. The probability of predicting 10-year cardiovascular mortality significantly increased the presence of arterial hypertension and low physical activity (OR, 1,67; CI, 1,11–2,51; p=0,01 and OR, 1,454; CI, 1,091–1,393; p=0,01). Elevations of systolic blood pressure up to 150 mm Hg or higher increased the risk of death from all causes in the examined males with CHD by 1.37-fold (p
Perspektivy klinicheskogo primeneniyanovoy fiksirovannoy kombinatsii -preparata Ko-Eksforzh v lecheniiarterial'noy gipertonii
Authors: Bubnova Marina Gennad'evna
Published: February 2021

Summary. This review is concerned with improving of blood pressure (BP) control in patients with arterial hypertension
(AH). The reasons for the low treatment compliance and combined antihypertensive therapy benefits are
analyzed. Data for futility of an extended use of antihypertensive drugs (AHD) fixed combinations are given. Studies
demonstrating high efficacy and safety of a new triple fixed combination of amlodipine, valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide
(HCT) are presented as well. Patients with hypertension, which should more actively use this combination
of drugs, are signified.
D.D.Pletnev about mental symptoms in the picture of purely somatic diseases: lessons of history and today
Authors: Garganeeva N. P
Published: February 2021

The article is dedicated to brief statement of priority scientific investigations of the distinguished domestic therapist, Professor Dmitry Dmitriyevich Pletnev, having made significant contribution into development of clinical direction of psychosomatic medicine in Russia. At the level of diagnostic and conclusive possibilities of his time in the beginning of the XXth century, the scientist has grounded those scientific positions which currently are broadly studied in the aspect of co-morbidity of cardiovascular diseases and mental disorders of anxiety-depressive spectrum. D.D.Pletnev, one of the first clinicians-therapists has paid attention to difficulties of differential-diagnostic evaluation of state of somatic patients with psycho-emotional disturbances «depressive affects and neurosis of anxiety». Many papers of the scientist dedicated to study of «mental symptoms in picture of purely somatic diseases», what in the modern medicine is interpreted as various manifestations of neurotic and affective disorders in diseases of inner organs, wrongly forgotten, remain relevant at present as well. As perspective scientific directions, questions of integrative approach to study of interrelationship of pathology of cardiovascular system, anxiety and depressive disorders of neurotic and affective level are discussed.
The outcomes of acute coronary syndrome and complications of acute myocardial infarction in carbohydrate metabolism disorders
Authors: Kakorin S. V , Shashkova L. S , Mkrtumyan A. M , Averkova I. A
Published: February 2021

Influence of carbohydrate metabolism disturbance depending on expressiveness, degree of severity and type of glucose lowering therapy to current of ischemic heart disease are presented in article. Acute coronary syndrome outcomes to Q-forming and non-Q-forming myocardial infarction, unstable stenocardia, and complications to acute left ventricular aneurysm, frequency of progress pulmonary edema were analyzed in patients with normal and impaired carbohydrate metabolism.
Arterial hypertension in young men, officers of land forces: psychophysiological peculiarities
Authors: Davidovich I. M , Afonaskov O. V
Published: February 2021

The authors have studied heart rhythm variability at rest and with cognitive loading, types of coronary behavior and reactive and personal anxiety in 86 men of young age, officers of the land forces. 52 of them had hypertensive disease (HD) of I–II stage. 34 men had normal arterial blood pressure. Patients with HD in comparison with normotensive men turned out to have additional risk factors accompanied arterial hypertension. They were hypersympaticotonia, high level of personal anxiety and coronary behavior type A.
Sushchestvuyut li perspektivy primeneniyapetlevykh diuretikov dlya lecheniyaarterial'noy gipertenzii?
Authors: Fomin Viktor Viktorovich
Published: February 2021

Summary. The paper discusses the indications for use of loop diuretics to treat essential hypertension and the current
limits in terms of their introduction into the practice of routine antihypertensive therapy. By using torasemide
as an example, the author demonstrates prospects for using loop diuretics for the treatment of essential hypertension.
Features of anti-ischemic efficacy of trimetazidine MR, assigned in combination with metoprolol in patients with angina
Authors: Bardybakhin P. Yu , Bochkareva E. V , Kim I. V
Published: February 2021

We studied the influence of trimetazidine MR on exercise tolerance and carbohydrate metabolism in 28 patients with stable effort angina, treated with metoprolol. The addition of trimetazidine MR to ongoing therapy with metoprolol substantially enhanced the antianginal and anti-ischemic efficacy of treatment. The most significant improvement was observed when the monotherapy with metoprolol wasn’t effective. In this subgroup of patients the threshold exercise duration increased by 77,1±18,1 s (p
Evaluation of patients survival with coronary heart disease after coronary bypass surgery depending on the passage of recovery phase
Authors: Efros L. A , Samorodskaya I. V
Published: February 2021

In a retrospective study based on the register of patients with coronary heart disease after coronary artery bypass grafting clinical and functional characteristics and long-term survival in 2398 men, age 54,8±6,3 were analized, depending on the passage of the recovery phase from 2000 to 2009. The results showed that people of pre-retirement age were sent to the sanatorium therapy stage (72,5%) with a mild coronary and myocardial insufficiency. Mortality in the long-term period of 1 year to 10 years in the group after sanatorium therapy stage was 7,9%, whereas among patients who have not undergone sanatorium rehabilitation mortality rate was higher – 8,4%. Analysis of survival by Kaplan-Meier method of patients after sanatorium rehabilitation revealed that 3, 5 and 10-year survival rate was significantly higher than in those that did not pass the sanatorium stage of treatment. Two tests – Gehan's Wilcoxon Test (p=0,01835), Cox-Mantel Test (p=0,02820) – confirmed the accuracy of the comparison groups.
On pathoautokinesis of hyperlipoproteidemia and its clinical significance
Authors: Kalinkin M. N , Volkov V. S
Published: February 2021

The aim: to detect the presence of pathoautokinesis signs in development and maintenance of hyperlipoproteidemia (HLP) in experiments on intact rabbits and the rabbits after long-term intravenous injection of lipoproteids (LP).Material and methods. 3 series of experiments on rabbits which received for 60 days intravenous homologous apo-Bcontaining LP (25–30 mg LP per 1 kg of the body mass) were carried out. Correspondence of calculated and true values of injected LP, duration of HLP maintenance after LP injection termination and the body response to single injection of interlipin as well as character of elimination with J 131 apo-B-LP from blood alteration of the liver homogenates have been studied.Results. It has been shown that in 50% of rabbits with experimental HLP, the true values of intravenously injected LP were higher than calculated ones. In rabbits after LP injection termination HLP arisen lasts for 30–40 days and intralipid injection induces prolonged HLP. The values of radioactivity of plasma LP in HLP testify to their difficult elimination from blood and their accumulation in the liver.Conclusion. Mechanisms of pathoautokinesis are present in HLP development and maintenance.
The possibilities of usage of ivabradin (Coraxan) in elderly and senile patients with the syndrome of polymorbidity
Authors: Ilnitskij A. N , Proshchaev K. I , Priadko L. V
Published: February 2021

The article presents the results of own researches, according to which the syndrome of polymorbidity in people of elderly and senile age in the face of contraindications to use of b-adrenoblockers, may be an alternative to the appointment of the drug ivabradin (Coraxan). He contributes to a significant decrease of the heart rate, improve anginose status and quality of life. In terms of prospects of the further introduction of the drug into clinical practice seems advisable to identify his protective neuroimmunoendocrine effects, which, probably, will allow to expand the indications to its application.
Capacities of the current angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor zofenopril in clinical practice: cardioprotective, anti-ischemic, and antiatherogenic effects
Authors: Bubnova M. G
Published: February 2021

The given review discusses the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in patients with cardiovascular diseases, including those with prior acute myocardial infarction. The paper places particular emphasis on the currently available ACE inhibitor zofenopril. It discusses its special pharmacological properties and considers its additional effects associated with cardioprotective, anti-ischemic, antiatherogenic effects. The review provides a rationale for the clinical efficacy of zofenopril and a possibility for its wider clinical application.
The role of circulating autoantibodies in relation to proteins in structural cardiomyocytes and functional changes of the heart in patients with chronic myocarditis
Authors: Gladysheva E. V , Grishaev S. L , Nikiforov V. S , Svistov A. S , Solntsev V. N
Published: February 2021

Evidence that has been progressively gathered implicates an important role of the immune system in the course of heart failure. In the majority of heart disease patients, disturbances of humoral immunity with production of cardiodepressant antibodies may play a functional role in cardiac dysfunction. This study evaluates the role of autoantibodies to the cardiac myosin. We examined 52 patients (from 14 till 61 years) with chronic myocarditis. The main examination methods were clinical and biochemical blood tests, ECG, ambulatory Holter ECG monitoring, echocardiography. Autoantibodies to the cardiac myosin were determined by ELISA. These autoantibodies correlate with myocardial inflammation. Also they are associated with structural changes of the heart (hypertrophy, dilation) and cardiac dysfunction (contractility, rhythm and conduction). The degree of expression of these disorders is related to the severity of chronic heart failure.
The clinical and economic efficiency of treatment in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Tarlovskaya E. I , Malchikova S. V
Published: February 2021

Objective: to study the clinical and economic benefits of adding ivabradine to standard therapy for chronic heart failure (CHF). Subjects and methods. A clinical and economic analysis of the pharmacoeconomic efficacy of ivabradine (Coraxan Servier, France) in patients with CHF was made using the Markov simulation on the basis of the SHIFT trial. The cost-utility ratio (CUR) was calculated by the formula: CUR=DC/Ut, where DC is the direct cost of treatment; Ut is the cost utility expressed in life-years gained (LYG) and quality-adjusted life years (QALY). While calculating the latter, the model used the utility value derived in the SHIFT-PRO trial, by applying the EQ-5D questionnaire. Results. The monthly cost of standard pharmacotherapy was 799,14 rbl. per person. The treatment involving ivabradine cost 1807,77 rbl. The mean total direct cost for treating one patient was 64 741,09 and 47 647,83 rbl. in the ivabradine and placebo groups, respectively. The costs of hospital stay were ascertained to constitute 60% of all the direct costs in patients receiving standard therapy. On the contrary, addition of ivabradine to standard therapy allows avoidance of 309 admissions for worsening CHF, which permitted 23 709 879 rbl. to be saved. Reducing the costs of hospitalization enables one to spend 67% of the means for pharmacotherapy. Following a 10-year simulation period, the standard therapy remains more inexpensive than therapy involving ivabradine (74 585,31 rbl. per person versus 120 843,30 rbl per person) and ensures the lower cost of one LYG and one QALY. At the same time, the therapy added by ivabradine can prevent 1300 admissions for CHF and about 500 deaths per 10,000 patients over 10 years. This will lead to more life-years gained (4,277 LYGs on ivabradine therapy versus 4,083 LYGs on standard therapy), including quality-adjusted life years (3,031 QALYs on ivabradine therapy versus 2,839 QALYs on standard therapy). When ivabradine was added to standard therapy, the cost of one LYG was 238 443 rbl. and that of QALY was 240 927 rbl. Thus, the estimated medical intervention is a cost-effective investment. Conclusions: 1. To enhance the efficiency of CHF treatment with ivabradine causes a rational change in the cost structure. 2. To reduce the costs of hospitalizations and to change the cost structure provide a possibility of increasing those of qualitative therapy. 3. To incorporate ivabradine in therapy for systolic CHF can gain more additional life years, including quality-adjusted life years. 4. To increase expenses on therapy involving ivabradine per LYG is a cost-effective investment.
Encephalopathy-causes of formation and their significance from the standpoint of factor analysis
Authors: Starovoytova I. M , Potekhin N. P , Fursov A. N
Published: February 2021

139 patients with confirmed diagnosis of "dyscirculatory encephalopathy" (DEP) - including 120 men and 19 women, mean age - 47,1 ± 7,6 years were examined. Factor analysis showed that DEP is based on structural and functional state of the main arteries of the head. The greatest contribution to the DEP was made bythe pathologically changed intracerebral vessels (middle and posterior cerebral arteries), a slightly smaller one by vertebrates and carotid arteries (common and internal). It is shown that changes in the brain vessels are not only a consequence of atherosclerosis, but also are formed due to hemodynamic overload; vertebral influences play a role in anatomical features and functional status (angiodystonia). In most cases, hypertension in the formation of DEP is not paramount and decisive;often it only reinforces the importance of other mechanisms. Metabolic syndrome can be considered as an important component in the structure of the mathematical model of the DEP patient. Impact on its components should be included in a comprehensive treatment of these patients. Factor analysis confirmed the clinical significance of myocardial dysfunction in patients with DEP, making justified measures to improve the pumping function of the myocardium. Recommended analyses for patients with complex DEP laboratory and instrumental examination include: X-ray (X-ray, computed tomography) study of the spine, computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, Doppler ultrasound of the great arteries of the head,rheoencephalography, electroencephalography , cardiac ultrasound , biochemical blood tests (glucose, cholesterol and its fractions).
Myocardial infarction - frequency, professional, clinical and sex-related peculiarities, medical rehabilitation
Authors: Betuganova L. V , Elgarov A. A , Baysultanova M. B , Elgarov M. A , Kalmykova M. A
Published: February 2021

Myocardial infarction frequency, clinical peculiarities, complications structure and type, late appealability) for medical aid, effectiveness of complex monitoring for patients with cardiosclerosis are established in past 13 years. These data provided basis for medical psychological monitoring project in myocardial infarction patients.
The role of amlodipine (norvasc) in Cardiology
Authors: Aronov D. M
Published: February 2021

The review concerns amlodipine - the representative of the third generation of dihydropyridines. Amlodipine, being considered a hypotensive drug, has a broad spectrum of clinical effects beyond the hypotensive effects. It is shown that the drug has different pleiotropic effects, allowing using it as an anti-atherosclerotic and organoprotective funds. The data on the beneficial effect of amlodipine in pathology, is not included in the group of cardiovascular diseases - Raynaud's syndrome, migraine headaches, tendency to vomit.
The functional significance of vasomotor arteries dysfunction in the clinical assessment of myocardial ischemia in case of carbohydrate metabolism disorder
Authors: Tatarchenko I. P , Pozdnyakova N. V , Mordovina A. G , Morozova O. I
Published: February 2021

We investigated the relationship between the severity of silent myocardial ischemia and the functional state of arteries endothelium. We studied the significance of violations of vasomotor function with the loss of the ability to flow-dependent vasodilation as a risk factor, which increases the probability of the episodes of silent myocardial ischemia among patients with Type II DM. We observed 128 patients (66 male and 62 female), average age was 59,3±4,7. Each patient signed an agreement to take part in our research as a volunteer. The agreement was adopted by the local ethics committee.Patients with coronary heart disease and Type II DM had dominating daily duration of episodes of myocardial ischemia and a maximum depth of ST segment depression. Besides, they had reduced endothelium-dependent vasodilation reaction (EDVD=3,7±1,1%). The violation of the functional state of the vascular endothelium correlates with the registration frequency (R=-0,68; p
Construction of personalized programs of cardiorehabilitation
Authors: Zobenko I. A , Shestakov V. N , Misyura O. F , Karpuhin A. V , Goryunova A. A
Published: February 2021

The article deals with the organization of cardiac rehabilitation in a rehabilitation center. Post stationary rehabilitation of various categories of cardiac patients should be performed on a single technology, but with taking into account the features of the rehabilitated contingents. Manufacturability of rehabilitation is ensured through risk stratification with the release of homogeneous groups of patients. Cardiorehabilitation success ensured its multidisciplinary character with the construction of personalized programs. A modular method for constructing individual rehabilitation programs is suggested.
Chronic heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: prevalence, prognosis
Authors: Kakorin S. V , Averkova I. A , Mkrtumyan A. M
Published: February 2021

The article presents a literature review of prevalence, prognosis and treatment of overt tactics of chronic heart failure (CHF) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Diabetes and heart failure acquire the status of the epidemic of the XXI century and require health care costs for prevention and treatment of these diseases. Application of modern pharmacological preparations and instrumental treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) increases life expectancy and improves the quality of life of patients with CHF as with normal carbohydrate metabolism (UO), and with type 2 diabetes. However, the risk of cardiovascular mortality (CAS) in patients with type 2 diabetes, compared to having a normal carbohydrate metabolism remains unchanged. The rapidly growing population of patients with type 2 diabetes will soon change this in recent years to improve representation treatment prognosis of cardiovascular disease. Violation of myocardial remodeling in type 2 diabetes is caused by a combination of factors associated with diabetic cardiomyopathy. Reduction of the metabolic activity of cardiomyocytes insufficient glucose transport into cells, endothelial dysfunction, diabetic macro and microangiopathy myocardial fibrosis leading to disruption of filling the left ventricle (LV) and the development of chronic heart failure.Insulin resistance (IR) and compensatory hyperinsulinemia (GI) play a key role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. With effective treatment of chronic heart failure by cardiologists in patients with type 2 diabetes, affecting therapy with insulin resistance should be mandatory.
Experience of enhanced external counterpulsation application on dispensary-polyclinic stage rehabilitation of patients with refractory angina
Authors: Dolgikh O. A , Volkov A. N , Romanchuk S. V , Shutemova E. A
Published: February 2021

The aim is to assess the efficacy and safety of enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) application in patients with refractory class (RC) III-IV angina during the dispensary-polyclinic stage rehabilitation in real clinical practice.Materials and methods. EECP was held in 87 patients with RC III-IV effort angina as part of polyclinic stage of rehabilitation in the Department of prevention and rehabilitation Cardiology Dispensary. EECP was held using standard technique. Each patient received procedures prolonging for 35 hours. All patients underwent physical examination, stress testing, echocardiography, and the determination of highly-sensitive C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration and the speed of glomerular filtrate (SGF) rate was studied, before the inclusion in the study and after its ending.Results. On comparing the data received before and after the course of EECP we found the statistically significant improvement of patients’ functional status, the reduction in RC of angina, the reduction of the need for nitrate, the increase of the effort tolerance, the reduction of CRP concentration and increase of the SGF rate.Conclusion. The experience of EECP application in rehabilitation of patients with RC III-IV effort angina shows the high efficacy and safety.
Adaptation to hypoxia and ischemic preconditioning: pathophysiologic and clinical aspects of cardioprotection in patients with coronary disease
Authors: Liamina N. P , Kotelnikova E. V , Karpova E. S , Biziaeva E. A , Liamina S. V
Published: February 2021

Research of cardioprotection and endogenous methods of nonspecific myocardial protection - adaptation to hypoxia and ischemic preconditioning grows rapidly nowadays. In cardiovascular patients the use of cell mechanisms based on adaptation to hypoxia, and the phenomenon of ischemic preconditioning is a perspective and promising approach to solve the problem of myocardium protection in ischemic injury. In consequence of basic and clinical research in intracellular functional and methabolic mechanisms of adaptation to hypoxia and ischemia there is a real opportunity of widespread use of data on the mechanisms of adaptation syndrome formation in clinical practice, as well as to develop new research-based effective health technologies in medical rehabilitation programs in cardiovascular patients.
The cardiorenal prognosis in patients underwent cardiac surgery therapy complicated by an acute kidney injury
Authors: Iskenderov B. G , Sisina O. N
Published: February 2021

Frequency of development of the acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients underwent different cardiac interventions, and its influence on the cardiorenal prognosis depending on initial function of kidneys is analyzed. 1126 patients (595 men and 531 women) aged from 32 till 68 years (62.3±5.2 years) at which at which prosthetics of valves of heart, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and their combination are examined. In 656 patients (the 1st group) before operation the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was upper than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and in 470 patients (the 2nd group) ranged from 59 to 45 ml/min/1.73 m2, determined by a formula CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration). AKI was diagnosed by level of serum creatinine (sCr) using criteria of AKIN (Acute Kidney Injury Network). In early postoperative period AKI was diagnosed in 23.9% of patients in the 1st group and in 38.7% of patients in the 2nd group ( p
Radiofrequency ablation and antiarrhythmic therapy in the treatment of patients with paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation: clinical effects
Authors: Bubnova M. G , Aronov D. M , Makhinova M. M
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this article is to discuss the issues related to the treatment of patients with paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). The article discusses the indications for patients with radiofrequency catheter (RFC) ablation of the mouths of the pulmonary veins and based on the results of randomized clinical trials analyzed the clinical effects of this procedure, depending on the type of AF. The article discusses the initiation of antiarrhythmic therapy and the duration of its application after RFC.
The correlation between traditional risk factors and the severity of acute coronary syndrome and long-term prognosis
Authors: Skopets I. S , Vezikova N. N , Marusenko I. M , Barysheva O. Yu
Published: February 2021

A number of studies demonstrate that patients with traditional risk factors (TRF) have not only increases primary risk of atherothrombotic events, but are also associated with many complicates and poor prognosis.Purpose: assessment of TRF effect on the incidence of complications and outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Materials and methods: in 255 patients hospitalized with ACS were retrospective determined the TRF prevalence, frequency of the complications and correlation between the presence of TRF and the risk of complications and long-term prognosis (follow-up 1 year).Results: patients had TRF very often, 80% patients had more than 3 TRFs. The presence of some TRFs (smoking, abdominal obesity, family history) was associated with a significantly increased risk of complications in patients with ACS, including life-threatening. Effect of TRF on long-term prognosis was not determined.Conclusion: the findings suggest the need to evaluation TRF not only in primary preventive and also to improve the effectiveness of risk stratification in patients with ACS.
Results of propafenone use in early postoperative period after pulmonary veins catheter radiofrequency isolation for prevention of early atrial tachyarrhythmias
Authors: Tarasov A. V , Davtian K. V , Makhinova M. M
Published: February 2021

Currently pulmonary veins isolation becomes one of the approaches for invasive treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). One of difficult and unexplored problems associated with this procedure is management of patients in postoperative period (especially early) which is often complicated by frequent early recurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmias. The purpose of this study was to assess effectiveness and safety of IC antiarrhythmic drug propafenone for prevention of arrhythmia recurrence in the early postoperative period compared with placebo. Taking into account the inclusion and exclusion criteria 120 patients with paroxysmal AF were included and randomized and underwent radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary veins; 112 patients successfully finished the study. More than 57% of patients had early postoperative atrial tachyarrhythmias (AT) most of which were new and regular. Reduction of incidence of post-ablation AT during blanking period in propafenone group was clinically significant what was confirmed by patient’s diary and ECG-monitoring. Propafenone treatment within this period reduce the need for hospitalization or cardioversion without putting patient at risk of serious side effects associated with its prolonged use.