bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acute cardiac side effects after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination, a case series
Authors: Freise Noemi F. , Kivel Milena , Grebe Olaf , Meyer Christian , Wafaisade Bahram , Peiper Matthias , Zeus Tobias , Schmidt Jan , Neuwahl Judith , Jazmati Danny , Luedde Tom , Bölke Edwin , Feldt Torsten , Jensen Björn Erik Ole , Bode Johannes , Keitel Verena , Haussmann Jan , Tamaskovics Balint , Budach Wilfried , Fischer Johannes C. , Knoefel Wolfram Trudo , Schneider Marion , Gerber Peter Arne , Pedoto Alessia , Häussinger Dieter , Griensven Martijn , Rezazadeh Amir , Flaig Yechan , Kirchner Julian , Antoch Gerald , Schelzig Hubert , Matuschek Christiane
Published: February 2022

Background: Since development and approval of the world´s first mRNA vaccines, created under pressure of the global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, potential side effects have naturally been a much-debated topic. Vaccination may be one, if not the only way out of the pandemic claiming more than 4 million deaths worldwide to date. Potential side effects from vaccination have long been controversial, and case reports of fatal side effects have been published. Therefore, data are needed to identify persons being at high risk for potential side effects. Until September 30, 2021, 1.243 cases of myocarditis after vaccination with BNT162b2 Comirnaty© in young adults were registered by the Paul-Ehrlich-Institute in Germany alone. The exact pathophysiology and the risk factors for myocarditis following vaccination remain unclear. We present a case series of eight patients with cardiac symptom shortly after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination (BNT162b6, Biontech, Comirnaty© or mRNA-1237 Moderna, Spikevax©).Patients and Methods: Eight patients between 13-56 years of age, vaccinated with mRNA vaccine either BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 between January and August 2021 developed cardiac side effects shortly after either their first or second vaccination. Clinical data were retrieved from the clinical information system and analyzed. To support diagnosis of myocarditis or pericarditis, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed shortly after onset of symptoms and investigated further in severe cases. Symptoms were defined as dyspnea, chest pain, cardiac arrhythmia as determined by electrocardiography.Results: Eight patients (five males and three females) developed cardiac symptoms compatible with myocarditis according to CDC criteria shortly after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. Three patients (two males, one female) required hospitalization due to severe chest pain and elevated troponin levels. All patients recovered fully within seven days after symptom onsetConclusion: Our data suggest that cardiac adverse events such as myocarditis or pericarditis shortly after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination are rare but possible and occur particularly in male patients.
Multiscale stochastic volatility for variance swaps with constant elasticity of variance
Authors: Yu Ji-Su , Kim Jeong-Hoon
Published: February 2022

Variance swap is one of volatility derivatives popularly used for the risk management of financial instruments traded in volatile market. An appropriate choice of a volatility model should be an important part of the risk management. In this paper, we consider a hybrid model of constant elasticity of variance and multiscale (fast and slow) stochastic volatility. Based on this framework, we obtain a closed form solution formula for the approximate fair strike values of continuous time variance swaps and compute the solution. The theoretical formula is validated by numerical solution given by MonteCarlo simulation. The multiscale effect and the predictability of the strike price movements are investigated for a given information about the underlying asset and volatility.
The Role Of Collaborative Learning In Resilience In Healthcare - A Thematic Qualitative Meta-Synthesis Of Resilience Narratives
Authors: Haraldseid-Driftland Cecilie , Billett Stephen , Guise Veslemøy , Schibevaag Lene , Alsvik Janne Gro , Fagerdal Birte , Lyng Hilda Bø , Wiig Siri
Published: February 2022

Background: To provide high quality services in increasingly complex, constantly changing circumstances, healthcare organizations worldwide need a high level of resilience, to adapt and respond to challenges and changes at all system levels. For healthcare organizations to strengthen their resilience, a significant level of continuous learning is required. Given the interdependence required amongst healthcare professionals and stakeholders when providing healthcare this learning needs to be collaborative, as a prerequisite to operationalize resilience in healthcare. As particular elements of collaborative working, and learning are likely to promote resilience there is a need to explore the underlying collaborative learning mechanisms and how and why collaborations occur during adaptations and responses. The aim of this study is to describe collaborative learning processes in relation to resilient healthcare based on an investigation of narratives developed from studies representing diverse healthcare contexts and levels.Methods: The method used to develop understanding of collaborative learning across diverse healthcare contexts and levels was to first conduct a narrative inquiry of a comprehensive dataset of published health services research studies. This resulted in 14 narratives (70 pages), synthesised from a total of 40 published articles and 6 PhD synopses. The narratives where then analysed using a thematic meta-synthesis approach.Results: The results show that, across levels and contexts, healthcare professionals collaborate to respond and adapt to change, maintain processes and functions, and improve quality and safety. This collaboration comprises activities and interactions such as exchanging information, coordinating, negotiating, and aligning needs and developing buffers. The learning activities embedded in these collaborations are both activities of daily work, such as discussions, prioritizing and delegation of tasks, and intentional educational activities such as seminars or simulation activities.Conclusions: Based on these findings we propose that the enactment of resilience in healthcare is dependent on these collaborations and learning processes, across different levels and contexts. A systems perspective of resilience demands collaboration and learning within and across all system levels. Creating space for reflection and awareness through activities of everyday work, could support individual, team and organizational learning.
Modeling ARC less InGaP/GaAs Double Junction Solar cell with Tunneling Junction and BSF layer
Authors: azimi nemat , ghari sara , Yoosefi oraman
Published: February 2022

The present study addresses the structure of InGaP/GaAs dual-junction (DJ) solar cells by introducing new buffer and back surface field (BSF) layers as well as selecting the appropriate materials for the tunnel junction. Different performance parameters including open-circuit voltage (𝑉oc) short-circuit current density (𝐽𝑆𝐶), fill factor (𝐹𝐹), and solar cell efficiency (𝜂) were proposed and extracted for comparison with literature results. Then, I-V characteristic curves for the model were represented in graphs. The mentioned parameters, i.e. open-circuit voltage 𝑉𝑂𝐶, short-circuit current density 𝐽𝑆𝐶, fill factor 𝐹𝐹, and solar cell efficiency 𝜂 were, respectively, obtained as 18.50 𝑚𝐴/𝑐𝑚2, 2.862 V, 87/32 percent and 46.23 percent (1sun) under AM1.5G spectrum, which indicates the improvements achieved in this study.
Outcomes After Fertility-sparing Surgery of Early-stage Ovarian Cancer: a Nationwide Population-based Study
Authors: Lee Chia-Yi , Chiang Chun-Ju , Tai Yi-Jou , Hsu Heng-Cheng , Chen Yu-Li , Chiang Ying-Cheng , Wu Chia-Ying , Lee Wen-Chung , Hwa Hsiao-Lin , Cheng Wen-Fang
Published: February 2022

Here we investigated the outcomes of early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) following fertility-sparing surgery (FSS)or radical comprehensive staging surgery (RCS), as well as the suitability of FSS.Our analysis included 1297 early-stage EOC cases in the Taiwan Cancer Registry (TCR) database, which were newly-diagnosed between 2009–2017. Based on site-specific surgery codes, patients were divided into two groups:FSS (401 patients) and RCS (896 patients). Cancer-specific survival (CSS) was evaluated using the Kaplan–Meier method with log-rank testing and Cox models. Compared to the FSS group, patients in the RCS group were older (p < 0.001) and more commonly received adjuvant chemotherapy (p<0.001). Independent poor prognostic factors for CSS includedstage (p<0.001)and histologic grade (p< 0.001), but not histologic type (p= 0.13).CSS was similar between women who underwent FSS and those who underwent RCS (p=0.75).FSS group did not show significantly poorer CSS compared with RCS group in serous, mucinous, or endometrioid histologic type. Whereas, among clear cell carcinoma, FSS group had better CSS (HR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.06–0.82, p=0.040) than RCS group. Endometrioid ovarian cancer patients had the highest frequency of developing second malignancies.FSS canbe a safe alternative procedure in selected young women with early-stage EOC who wish to preserve fertility regardless histologic type. Patients who receive FSS must undergo regular surveillance to detect disease recurrence and second malignancies.
Collagen-induced Arthritis Osteoporosis model and dynamic changes of osteoimmunology
Authors: Mao Wen , Du Yueguang , Shou Zhiqiang , Jin Lu , Li Yuanyuan , Cai Yueqing , Liu Xia , Du Wen xi , Fu Huiying , Shou Qiyang
Published: February 2022

Objective: This present study aimed to establish collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) osteoporosis mice model and dynamically observe the pathological and immune characteristics of CIA osteoporosis mice. Methods: Bovine collagen type was chosen to build the CIA model. The corresponding indexes were observed at 6w, 10w, 14w and 18w after successful modelling: Arthritis Index were used to evaluate RA. The structure and pathological changes of bone and joint were observed by pathological section. X ray film was used to observe morphology of bone and joint; And the serum IL-17 and osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels were detected by Elisa. Rt-PCR was used to assess the mRNA levels of IL-17, NFAT, ROR-γt and Foxp3 in spleen, the mRNA levels of OPG and RANK in bone tissue. Results: In the model group at 6w after modelling, AI and pedal swelling volume began to be increased gradually. Compared with the normal group, the serum IL-17 level in the model group increased gradually with time, the serum OPG level was considerably decreased, the mRNA levels of IL-17, NFAT, ROR- γt, etc. in spleen tissue increased. However, the level of Foxp3 mRNA in the spleen of model group reduced. The expression of OPG mRNA in bone tissues was dropped. RANK mRNA expression was increased. Bone density of both femur and tibia were decreased gradually with time, leading to osteoporosis. X-ray transmittance of the spine increased with time, and the spine presented water-wavy changes at 14w. Conclusion: RA mice model successfully induced by bovine collagen type Ⅱ, and the extension of lesions aggravated over time; Th17 cells results RANKL / OPG and Treg / TH17 imbalance by excessive secreting IL-17, leading to activation of osteoclasts and inhibit the expression of OPG. Therefore, it was involved in the occurrence of osteoporosis in RA in mice.
Vehicle routing problem with cross-docking in a sustainable supply chain for perishable products
Authors: Shahrabi Fatemeh , Nasiri Mohammad Mahdi , Al-e-Hashem S. Mohammad J. Mirzapour
Published: February 2022

Today's transportation, which is primarily based on the combustion of fossil fuels, contributes significantly to energy-related GHG emissions which is one of aspects of sustainability. Incorporating sustainable concerns in cross-dock scheduling can affect decision making for logistics systems. In the current contribution, a sustainable vehicle routing problem with cross-docking is presented. In addition to the economic considerations, this paper addresses the environmental impacts of CO2 emissions and the social impacts, including equity between drivers as well as customer satisfaction. A metaheuristic, composed of GA and mixed integer programming, is proposed as the solution approach. For validating the presented method, instances of various sizes are solved. The results of the GA in small-sized instances, has a small deviation from the optimal fitness values. Finally, a real case study is provided to demonstrate the applicability of the model in a real-world environment, and several in-depth analyses are conducted to infer managerial implications.
Effects of Initial Particle Sizes of Triarrhena Lutarioriparia on Processing Performance, Material Properties, and Heavy Metal Speciation in Sewage Sludge Composting
Authors: Ruan Min , Wu Xikai , Sun Yutong , Huang Zhongliang , Li Hui , Hu Zhangmao , Wu Zijian , Zhang Xuan , Qin Xiaoli , Zhang Yanru , Huang Jing
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of initial particle size (IPS) on the environmental parameters and heavy metal speciation during sludge composting. Three piles were conducted: fine material (FM, screen underflow), coarse material (CM, oversize product), and mixed material (MM, mix FM and CM in 1:1). Results showed that the temperature trends of the three piles in different layers were highly repeatable during the thermophilic period. With the decrease of IPS, the heating rate and the highest temperature of the pile increased, the thermophilic period was prolonged, and the highest temperature area in the pile shifted to a lower layer. It also promoted the organic matter degradation, compost maturation, and nitrogen fixation effect. Composting had a good effect on the passivation of heavy metals, especially Cd, Cu and Pb. The passivation effect on Cd and Cu was: FM > CM > MM, and on Pb was: CM > FM > MM. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, excitation-emission matrix, and thermogravimetric thermal analysis indicated that FM had the highest content of aromatic structure and humic-like substance on D40. The redundancy analysis revealed that MM was beneficial to improve the internal uniformity during composting.
Efficacy of regorafenib combined with PD-1 inhibitors in elderly patients with advanced metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Chen Xiaobing , Chen Beibei , Zhao Huichen , Huang Jinxi , Lv Huifang , Xu Weifeng , Nie Caiyun , Wang Jianzheng , Zhao Jing , He Yunduan , Wang Saiqi
Published: February 2022

Objective: This is the first trial that wants to investigate the treatment patterns, clinical outcomes and prognostic factors of regorafenib plus PD-1 inhibitors therapy to Chinese elderly patients with advanced colorectal cancer.Methods: A cohort of metastatic colorectal cancer patients with 60 years or older received treatment of regorafenib combined with PD-1 inhibitors was included in our analysis. The endpoints included overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS), and prognostic factors.Results: In total, 24 patients were enrolled. The median age was 68 years; 62.5% were female. The median OS and PFS were 15.03 months (95% CI 7.0-23.0) and 4.0 months (95% CI 1.8-6.2), respectively. The objective response rate was 8.3% and disease control rate was 70.8%. When compared with PFS and OS in different initial daily doses group of regorafenib (such as 40, 80, 120 or 160 mg), we concluded that there were no significantly difference between these groups. And similar results were found in final daily doses groups. However, in terms of final daily doses, it showed a trend toward better PFS in > 80mg group compared to ≤80 mg group (median PFS was 10.0 months in >80mg group versus 3.5 months in ≤80mg group) . Patients with previous treated with regorafenib had longer median PFS than those without it (6.3 versus 2.8 months).Conclusions: This real-world evidence confirms that Chinese elderly patients with advanced colorectal cancer may benefit from treatment of regorafenib combined with PD-1 inhibitors, similarly with this combination therapy strategies in all age patients.
Attitudes and Stigma Toward Seeking Psychological Help Among Saudi Adults
Authors: Alluhaibi Bushra A. , Awadalla Abdel W.
Published: February 2022

Background In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), public attitudes and stigma toward mental health illness seem to prevent people from seeking psychological help, which results in having a negative impact on an individual's life. The primary objective of this study was to investigate people's attitude toward seeking psychological help and identify the extent to which the associated stigma is responsible for preventing them from seeking psychological help. Methods Two hundred and eighteen adults recruited from the community living in the Eastern Province of KSA completed the questionnaires, customized to create the Arabic version of Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale-Short Form (ATSPPH-SF-A), the Arabic version of Stigma Scale for Receiving Psychological Help (SSRPH-A), and the Arabic version of Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25-A). Results Both stigma and psychological distress significantly affected attitudes toward seeking professional help. Further, it indicated that attitudes were negatively correlated with stigma while positively correlated with psychological distress. No significant difference in attitudes toward psychological help-seeking was identified between male and female participants. However, males displayed higher levels of stigma, while females showed greater psychological distress. Furthermore, the groups who received psychological treatment demonstrated more favorable attitudes toward seeking psychological help. ConclusionStigma and psychological stress influence the attitudes toward treatment-seeking behavior for mental illness, making them two major predictors responsible for the underutilization of mental health services. More research is needed to assess specific sociodemographic disparities across more data sources and the factors that further contribute to the stigma and psychological distress.
Early Impairment of Right Ventricular Systolic Function in Patients with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Analysis of Two-dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography
Authors: Wu Ting , Li Xia , Zhang Dan , gong liang-geng
Published: February 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for adverse cardiovascular events, and it can raise the risk of heart failure. The right ventricle makes an important contribution to overall cardiac function, and right ventricular(RV) dysfunction will affect the course and outcome of the disease, therefore, early identification of right ventricular myocardial systolic dysfunction is of great clinical importance. We sought to apply two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) techniques to determine whether right ventricular global longitudinal strain (RVGLS) and right ventricular free wall strain (RV-FWLS) are altered in patients with prediabetes and diabetes mellitus.This cross-sectional study included 43 patients with prediabetes,52 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM), and 49 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were included as controls. Conventional echocardiography measured tricuspid annular systolic excursion (TAPSE), tricuspid valve systolic velocity (RV-S'), and right ventricular fractional change (RV-FAC), and 2D-STE measured left ventricular longitudinal strain (LVGLS), RVGLS, and RV-FWLS. The results showed that TAPSE was not significantly different between the prediabetes group and the control and diabetic groups and RV-S' velocity was not significantly different among the three groups. RV-FAC showed no statistically significant difference between the prediabetes and diabetic groups, RVGLS were significantly impaired and significantly different in the three groups (P=0.000).RVGLS modestly correlated with glycosylated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)(r=﹣0.576,P=0.000), and weakly with RVFAC(r=0.398,P=0.000), LVGLS(r=0.416,P=0.000), sex(r=﹣0.205,P=0.014),BMI(r=﹣0.195,P=0.019),heart rate(r=﹣0.216,P=0.009),Triglycerides(r=﹣0.198,P=0.025),interventricular septal thickness(r=﹣0.208,P=0.012),LV end-diastolic diameter(r=0.210,P=0.012),septum strain(r=0.438,P=0.000). Further regression analysis we found that HbA1c(B=﹣0.440,P= .000), septum strain (B=0.301, P=0.000),LV end-diastolic diameter (B=0.226, P=0.001), sex(B=﹣0.134, P=.043) were independently associated with RVGLS in the whole study population.RVGLS was the best diagnostic indicator for prediabetes and diabetes (AUC values of 0.689 and 0.731, respectively), and a cut-off value of RVGLS ≤18.95% had 85% sensitivity and 61% specificity for the diagnosis of prediabetes and ≤17.55% had 82% sensitivity and 58% specificity for the diagnosis of diabetes. Therefore, we believe that abnormally elevated hyperglycemia negatively affects the myocardial function of the right ventricle, The decrease of right ventricular systolic function may be related to left ventricular remodeling and myocardial strain. two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography can detect subtle changes in impaired right ventricular systolic function. HbA1c, septum strain, LV end-diastolic diameter, the sex were independent risk factors for RVGLS.
Effect Of Formulation On The Indoxacarb And Lufenuron Dissipation In Maize And Risk Assessment
Authors: Cheng Xi , Xiao Jinjing , Liu Yuanhui , Gao Qun , Fang Qingkui , Liao Min , Liang Bing , Hu Zhendi , Cao Haiqun
Published: February 2022

The supervised field trials were conducted in maize crops using nano-microemulsion (NM) and a commercial formulation of indoxacarb and lufenuron to evaluate the effect of nano-formulation on the dissipation pattern. A modified QuEChERS-UPLC-MS/MS method was utilized for sample analysis. Results showed that the initial deposits of indoxacarb and lufenuron in plants using nano-microemulsion were 0.98 mg/kg and 8.18 mg/kg at recommended dosage while using the commercial formulation, they were 0.85 mg/kg and 5.53 mg/kg, respectively. Moreover, half-life (t1/2) values of using nano-microemulsion were 1.25 d and 2.51 d, which were 33.16% and 16.33% shorter than indoxacarb lufenuron from the commercial formulation, suggesting that pesticide formulations have a moderate impact on the initial deposit and dissipation rate. The terminal residue test showed that indoxacarb and lufenuron residues in maize grain and maize straw were below the available maximum residue limit (MRL), suggesting 2% indoxacarb NM and 5% lufenuron NM are safe to use under the recommended dosage. The risk quotient value also revealed an acceptable risk for human consumption. These findings provide scientific evidence of the proper application of 2% indoxacarb NM and 5% lufenuron NM on maize crops.
SpaceQ -- Direct Detection of Ultralight Dark Matter with Space Quantum Sensors
Authors: Tsai Yu-Dai , Eby Joshua , Safronova Marianna
Published: February 2022

Recent advances in quantum sensors, including atomic clocks, enable searches for a broad range of dark matter candidates. The question of the dark matter distribution in the Solar system critically affects the reach of dark matter direct detection experiments. Partly motivated by the NASA Deep Space Atomic Clock (DSAC) and the Parker Solar Probe (PSP), we show that space quantum sensors present new opportunities for ultralight dark matter searches, especially for dark matter states bound to the Sun. We show that space quantum sensors can probe unexplored parameter space of ultralight dark matter, covering theoretical relaxion targets motivated by naturalness and Higgs mixing. If an atomic clock were able to make measurements on the interior of the solar system, it could probe this highly sensitive region directly and set very strong constraints on the existence of such a bound-state halo in our solar system. We present sensitivity projections for space-based probes of ultralight dark matter which couples to electron, photon, and gluon fields, based on current and future atomic, molecular, and nuclear clocks.
MicroRNA-18a prevents senescence of mesenchymal stem
2 cells by targeting CTDSPL
Authors: Sun Bo
Published: February 2022

Stem cell therapy requires massive scale homogeneous stem cells under strictly qualification control. However, Prolonged ex vivo expansion impairs the biological functions and results in senescence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In this study, we revealed the up-regulations of CTDSPL in prolonged culture of MSCs derived from human umbilical cord (UCMSCs). Over-expression of CTDSPL resulted an enlarged morphology, up-regulation of p16 and accumulation of SA-β-gal of MSCs. The reduced phosphorylated RB suggested cell cycle arrest of MSCs. All these results implied CTDSPL induced premature senescence of MSCs. We further demonstrated miR-18a-5p was a putative regulator of CTDSPL by luciferase reporter assay. Inhibition of miR-18a-5p promoted the expression of CTDSPL and induced premature senescence of MSCs. Continuous overexpression of miR-18a-5p improved self-renewal of MSCs by reduced ROS level, increased expression of Oct4 and Nanog, promoted growth rate and differentiation capability. Hereby, we reported for the first time the dynamic interaction of miR-18a-5p and CTDSPL is crucial for stem cell senescence.
Potential Application of Dandelion (Taraxacum Mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.) on Broiler Chickens: Growth Performance, Expression of Tight Junction Protein and Mucin Genes, and Microbiota Composition in Ileum
Authors: Mao Jinju , Wang Yuan , Wang Wenwen , Duan Ting , Yin Na , Guo Tao , Guo Hui , Liu Na , An Xiaoping , Qi Jingwei
Published: February 2022

Background
Chinese herbs is becoming an exploitable alternative to the use of widely prohibited antibiotics in the poultry industry. We investigated the effects of dandelion on the growth performance and intestinal barrier function of broiler chickens. One-hundred and sixty 1-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) male broilers were randomly divided into four groups, with five replicates of eight birds each. The birds were fed a basal diet supplemented without (control group, [CON]) or with 500 (low dose [LD]) or 1000 (high dose [HD]) mg/kg dandelion or with 50 mg/kg chlortetracycline (CTC) for 42 days, including the starter phase (d 1 to 21) and the grower phase (d 22 to 42).
Results
During the starter phase, the average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed/gain ratio (F/G) of LD was lower than CON, HD and CTC (P < 0.05). In the overall phase, the F/G of LD and HD both decreased (P < 0.05). At 21 days old, the gene expression of claudin, occludin-1, and mucin-1 of the LD and HD birds were significantly higher than that of CON and CTC birds (P < 0.05); the gene expression of claudin and occludin-1 was significantly higher in HD birds than in LD birds; and the gene expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in HD birds was higher than that of CON and LD birds, but lower than that of CTC birds (all P < 0.05). At 42 days old, the gene expression of claudin, occludin-1, and mucin-1 of the LD birds was significantly higher than that of the other groups, whereas the gene expression of zo-1 was higher in the HD birds than in CON and LD birds (all P < 0.05). In the analysis of intestinal microbiota, decreased α-diversity was observed in 21-days-old HD birds, while LD and HD birds showed a significantly decreased relative abundance of Bacteroidata and Bacteroides at the level of phyla and genera (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Overall, dietary dandelion supplementation can enhance growth performance by improving the intestinal barrier function of broilers. Therefore, dandelion represents a promising feed additive for broilers, although the optimal supplementation dose requires further study.
Evaluating the Performance of Small-Scale Irrigation Schemes in Sub Humid Ethiopian Highlands; a case study in Mugie and Fesas
Authors: Belay Agmasie M. , Assefa Tewodros , Belay Sisay A. , Yimam Abdu Y.
Published: February 2022

Background
This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of two small-scale irrigation (SSI) schemes in the sub-humid Ethiopian highlands. Water application at the farm level was monitored using partial flume and the average flow velocity along the main canal was measured using the current meter. The infiltration measurement was conducted at the head, middle, and tail of the scheme within the command area using a double-ring infiltrometer. Soil samples were collected using an auger up to 60cm depth. Climatic and agronomic data were collected from the nearby meteorological station and woreda agricultural office, respectively. CROPWAT was used to determine the water requirement of crops.
Results
The result showed that the average conveyance efficiency for the lined main canal was 90% and 92% for Mugie and Fesas SSI, respectively. The conveyance efficiency for the unlined main canal was in the order of 86% and 87% for Mugie and Fesas SSI. On the other hand, the average application efficiency and overall efficiency were found to be 56% and 51%, respectively, with storage efficiency of 50% for Mugie irrigation scheme. Similarly, the overall, application and storage efficiencies were found 50%, 54%, and 56%, respectively, for Fesas irrigation scheme. The relative irrigation and water supplies were 1.23 and 3.17, respectively, for Mugie SSI, while the supplies were 0.94 and 2.45, respectively, for Fesas SSI.
Conclusions
Conveyance efficiency for both Mugie and Fesas schemes was found below standard (95%) and overall efficacy was low as well (~50%). Failure of operating gates in the main canal, overtopping of water from the main canal due to canal siltation, and leakage through the main canals were the main causes for poor performance. Improvement measures are needed for both Mugie and Fesas irrigation schemes and institutional support is vital to improve and maintain the failure of infrastructures for better performance.
Necroptosis-related lncRNAs and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undoubtedly Secret
Authors: Ning Jingyuan , Sun Keran , Fan Xiaoqing , Jia Keqi , Wang Xiaofeng , Wang Xiuli , Ma Cuiqing , Wei Lin
Published: February 2022

Background: The current study demonstrates that necroptosis is an important mechanism of carcinogenesis. However, the predictive value of necroptosis-associated long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) in hepatocellular carcinoma has not been demonstrated. The purpose of this study is to apply necroptosis-related lncRNAs to construct a predictive signature to predict the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients.Methods: The clinical and RNA-seq data were downloaded using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis was used to screen out suitable necroptosis-related lncRNAs, and then predictive signature was constructed. The TCGA data were randomly divided into high- and low-risk groups, and the Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the overall survival (OS) of the two groups to verify the predictive signature. Finally, a prognostic correlation model for predicting disease-freesurvival （DFS）in hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC） was constructed and validated.Results: We had screened out 9 necroptosis-related lncRNAs (BACE1-AS, LINC01188, LUCAT1, PI3KCD-AS2, Z83851.1, AC009283.1, AC012360.2, AC015908.3, AC103760.1), which were used to construct a predictive signature, and draw the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve by the high- and low-risk group. It was found that the area under the curve (AUC) of risk score was 0.874, and the AUCs values of 1-,3-,and 5-years were 0.8, 0.759, 0.787. The TCGA data were randomly divided into two cohorts. In two cohorts, The OS of the high-risk groups were significantly lower than that of the low-risk groups, and the AUC of the ROC curves of the two cohorts were 0.851, 0.804, 0.802 and 0.735, 0.716, 0.76 at 1-, 3-, and 5-years. After quantifying immune cell subsets and related functions, it was found that the infiltration of active dendritic cells (aDCs), macrophages, mast cells, natural killer cells (NK), T regulatory cells (Tregs) were significantly different, and the expressions of immune checkpoints CD86, LAIR1, CTLA4, VTCN1, TNFRSF18, CD80, CD276, HHLA2, TNFSF4, TNFRSF8, TNFRSF4, TNFRSF9, LGALS9, HAVCR2 and TNFSF15 were also significantly different.Conclusion: This predictive signature can accurately predict the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients and provide guidance for the clinical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma patients.
Cytotoxicity Evalution of Mannan Polysaccharide Purified from Mycobacterium Bovis for Use in Vaccine Formulation as an Adjuvant
Authors: Zahednia Sara , Madani Mahboobeh , Mohammadi-Sichani Maryam , Hassanzadeh Seyed Mehdi , Doroud Delaram
Published: February 2022

This study has been performed to determine cytotoxicity and immunogenicity of mannan containing vaccine formulations were assessed to evaluate the safety and efficacy. In this study, cytoxicity and immunogenicity were assessed to guarantee safety and efficacy. The cytoxicity of the extracted mannan on MDA-MB-231 cell lines and normal cell lines was evaluated employing MTT assay. To assess the in vivo toxicity, was performed conforming to Pharmacopoeia. The in vivo and in vitro cytoxicity assays, no significant difference was observed between the control and test groups in the terms of cell growth and animals survival. The cost-effectiveness of utilizing mannan purified from Mycobacterium bovis is an economically satisfactory method. The extracted mannan is also free of cytotoxicity.Revealed a safe/cost-effective while efficient tools as an adjuvant in vaccine studies.
A novel compound heterozygous BEST1 gene mutation in two siblings causing autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy
Authors: Haque Obaid Imtiyazul , Nabi Faisal , Ahmad Owais , Marques Joao Pedro
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To describe the clinical features, imaging characteristics, and genetic test results associated with a novel compound heterozygous mutation of BEST1 gene resulting in an autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy (ARB). Methods: Two siblings underwent a complete ophthalmic examination, including dilated fundus examination, fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence imaging, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT), fluorescein angiography (FA), electroretinography (ERG), and electrooculography (EOG). A clinical diagnosis of ARB was established based on multimodal retinal imaging. Subsequently, clinical exome sequencing, consisting of a panel of 6670 genes, was carried out to assess genetic alterations in the protein-coding region of the genome of the patients. Results: Two siblings (17-year-old female and 15-year-old male) presented with reduced visual acuity and bilateral symmetrical subretinal deposits of hyperautofluorescent materials in the posterior pole. Spectral-domain OCT demonstrated subretinal fluid accumulation. Clinical exome sequencing revealed two mutations in the protein-coding region of the BEST1 gene, including a novel mutation (R105S), creating aberrant BEST1 variants p.Glu35Lys (E35K) and p.Arg105Ser (R105S) expressing from the canonical BEST1 transcript. Conclusions: We have identified and described the phenotype of a novel BEST1 mutation (R105S) in a heterozygous state along with a previously reported mutation of BEST1 (E35K) causing autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy (ARB).
Coblation Adenotonsillar surgery: a game changer in decreasing postoperative complications while maintaining efficacy – an audit of 345 cases
Authors: Bitar Mohamad , Nazir Tanvir , Abd-Ul-Salam Hani
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To assess the safety and efficacy of coblation adenotonsillar surgery with emphasis on intra-capsular tonsillectomy (ICT) in children with both obstructive and infective indications.Methods: Children, 6 months to 18y of age, who underwent coblation adenotonsillar surgery by the senior author between Feb 2017 and Sep 2020, were included. We reviewed the demographic data, preoperative and postoperative symptoms and degree of obstruction, postoperative complications, the need for revision surgery.Results: We reviewed 345 patients; median age 4.5y (11 months – 16.3y, mean 5.2y). Most patients had snoring (94.2%), mouth breathing (92.8%), restless sleep (62.6%), and sleep disorder breathing (52.8%), 12.5% had recurrent tonsillitis. Median initial total symptoms score (TSS) was 4.5 (1-8; mean 4.1); 87.5% having 3 or more symptoms; this decreased postoperatively to a median of 0.0 (range 0 – 7; mean 0.2). Most patients underwent ICT (86.7%). Postoperative course was uneventful in most patients with median hospital stay of 1 day (0-3, mean1). Secondary bleeding was 1.7% [66.7% in extracapsular tonsillectomy (ECT)], none required admission or intervention. There was no tonsillar regrowth resulting in upper airway obstructive symptoms. None needed tonsillar revision surgery (only one patient needed revision adenoidectomy), at a median follow up of 27 months (range 9-47, mean 26.6). Conclusions: Coblation adenotonsillar surgery is a safe and effective procedure; ICT reduced the risk for postoperative bleeding to 0.7% and was self-limiting. The need for another tonsillar surgery was nil. We adopted ICT for both obstructive and infective indications based on our results and those of other published data.
Impact of Adjuvant Amniotic Membran Transplantation In Infectious Ulcerative Keratitis
Authors: Bulut Okyanus , Musayeva Gunel , selver ozlem barut
Published: February 2022

PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact of adjuvant human amniotic membrane transplantation(hAMT) in patients with infectious ulcerative keratitis on wound healing without waiting for the sterile phase of the infectious keratitis.METHODS: A retrospective cohort study based on medical records of patients who underwent hAMT procedure over a 2-year period (2020-2021) was conducted at Ege University Hospital, Turkey. Cryopreserved hAM was used. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was measured with the Snellen chart. Detailed ophthalmological examination was performed at all visits. Treatment success was defined as complete healing including disappearance of corneal infiltrates, epithelial defect closure, reduction of anterior segment reaction.RESULTS: A total of 13 eyes of 12 patients who were diagnosed with ulcerative keratitis between 2020-2021. The mean age was 60.9 years and 66.6% of the patients were male. Average ulcer horizontal diameter was 9.7 (4.5–12) mm. A single layer human amniotic membrane (hAM) was transplanted 92.3% of eyes. Overlay technique was used in all patients for hAMT. The mean residence time of the amniotic membrane on the ocular surface was 13.3 (5-40) days. The mean time from the first presentation to the hAM transplantation was 9.8 (3-30) days. The average hospitalization time of all patients was 15 (3-46) days, pre- hAMT was 10.2 days and post hAMT was 4.8 days. The mean follow up time was 3 months. Recovery response was positive in 76.9%. Average healing time was 32.1 (6-57) days. CONCLUSIONS: hAMT was effective in the treatment of infectious ulcerative keratitis by accelerating wound healing and supporting the ocular surface biochemically and mechanically. Performing hAM transplantation at the early stages of the disease and prolonged residence of membrane on the ocular surface increase the success of the treatment and moreover abbreviates hospitalization time.
Medical Students Describe Their Wellness And How To Preserve It
Authors: Chatterjee Krishanu , Edmonds Victoria S. , Girardo Marlene E. , Vickers Kristin S , Hathaway Julie C , Stonnington Cynthia M.
Published: February 2022

Background: Despite widespread efforts to create wellness programming in medical schools, there is a paucity of literature examining students’ perception of wellness and perceptions of these programs. With the inaugural class at the Arizona campus of Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine (MCASOM-AZ), an opportunity arose to establish an empirically evaluated wellness curriculum that most inclusively and effectively enables medical students to flourish for years to come. The initial wellness offerings included mental health, academic success, and disability services, curriculum-embedded seminars, wellness committee driven programming, and student-proposed wellness activities. We aimed to improve the relevance and impact of medical school wellness curricula by soliciting in-depth and longitudinal perspectives of medical students themselves. As MCASOM-AZ opened in 2017, the student body at the time of study consisted of first- and second-year medical students. Methods: Employing a mixed methods analysis of qualitative and longitudinal quantitative data,first- and second-year students at a MCASOM-AZ were invited to respond to an anonymous, online year-long survey (baseline, six months and 12 months) during the 2018-2019 academic year and participate in a structured, in-depth and in-person, peer-to-peer interview about their conceptions of wellness and the MCASOM-AZ wellness curriculum and resources. Qualitative data was coded for themes using thematic analysis strategies by independent raters. Results: Nearly half of eligible students completed the baseline survey,1/3 completed all 3 time-points, and 1/5 participated in an in-depth interview. Participant age, gender, and year of school were representative of the larger student body. Although individual conceptions varied, Wellness was consistently highly valued. Family, Academic Performance, and Friends emerged as most important to well-being across time-points. Academic work arose as the largest barrier to wellness. Analysis of qualitative data revealed five themes. Despite individual differences in approaches to wellness, wellbeing was interrelated to the learning environment; mandatory wellness efforts that didn’t address the medical culture met with skepticism.Conclusions: Interview responses provided understanding and context by which to interpret questionnaire responses. Academics was critical to students’ identity and wellness, while also the largest barrier. Suggested curricular improvements include restructuring academic work, seamlessly integrating wellness within coursework, and offering optional individualized approaches.
Analysis of students’ positive emotion in green campus during COVID-19 pandemic in China
Authors: Liu Shaobo , Ji Yifeng , Li Jiang , Peng You , Li Zhitao , Lai Wenbo , Feng Tao
Published: February 2022

Green space in university campus is of paramount importance to students’ emotional and psychological restoration. Students’ positive emotion can be aroused when immersed in green space and naturalness. However, to what extent can perceived naturalness influence students’ positive emotion remains unclear, especially in the context of COVID-19 countermeasures. This study, therefore, attempts to investigate in-depth the nature and strength of the relationships between students’ positive emotion and their perceived naturalness, place attachment and landscape preference, which are potentially varying across universities in different social and environmental contexts and different restriction policies regarding the COVID-19 pandemic. A course of questionnaire-based surveys was administered in two university campuses in Heilongjiang and Hunan Provinces, China, resulting in 474 effective samples. Structural equation modeling was used to explore the hypothetical conceptual framework of latent variables and the indicators. The findings indicate that the higher students’ perceived naturalness results in the greater positive emotion. Students’ perceived naturalness in green spaces of campus has a positive effect on their place attachment and landscape preference. Moreover, the difference of mediate effects of place attachment and landscape preference were addressed which verifies the contextual influences.
Juvenile Heat Stress Tolerance in Triticum Durum - Aegilops Tauschii Derived Synthetics: a Way Forward for Wheat Improvement
Authors: Kaur Amandeep , Grewal Satvir Kaur , Kaur Sarabjit , Sharma Achla , Srivast Puja , Garg Monika , Wani Shabir Hussain , Chhuneja Parveen , Singh Kuldeep , Kaur Satinder
Published: February 2022

Background: Exponentially increasing population and everchanging climatic conditions are two major concerns for the global food security. Early sowing in second fortnight of October is an emerging trend with farmers in Indo Gangetic Plains to avoid the yield losses from terminal heat stress. This also benefits the use of residual soil moisture of rice crop, conserving about one irrigation. But most of the available wheat cultivars are not well adapted to early season sowing.Methods and Results: Two In-house developed SHWs, syn14128 and syn14170, were screened for juvenile heat stress. Seedling length, biochemical parameters and expression of amylase gene immediately after heat shock (HS) of 45°C for 12hr and 20hr and 24hr indicated a significantly lower MDA, H2O2 and higher free radical scavenging activities. Syn14170 reported higher total soluble sugar (TSS) under both HS periods, while syn14128 had a sustainable TSS content and amylase activity under HS as well as the recovery period. Conclusions: Both the SHWs had a lower oxidative damage along with high free radical scavenging under heat stress. The higher expression of amy4 along with sustainable TSS after heat stress in syn14128, indicated it as a potential source of juvenile heat stress tolerance. Variable response of SHWs to different biochemical parameters under heat stress opens the future perspectives to explore the enzymatic pathways underlying these responses.
Superoxide Dismutase Due To Occupational Metals Exposure To Nickel On Mutant P53 Dental Technicians
Authors: Berniyanti Titiek , Marhazlinda Marhazlinda , Palupi Retno , Dhinugrahini Bhetari Dwitya
Published: February 2022

Background: Nickel levels in dental technicians' blood serum are significantly linked to the generation of free radicals and catalyze the development of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (ROS). An increase in ROS causes oxidative stress and a p53 gene mutation. Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are important antioxidant enzymes that help the body fight oxidative stress. Purpose: The goal of this study is to see if dental technician occupational exposure to Ni contributes to the occurrence of p53 mutations and lower SOD activity in dental technicians. Methods: Blood samples were taken for 3 types of tests, namely Ni examination, with Atomic Absorbance Spectrophotometry (AAS), p53 mutant protein examination by ELISA method, and examination of SOD enzyme activity by Assay Method. Result: The concentration of nickel in dental technicians' blood samples is higher than in controls. Dental technician blood samples have lower levels of SOD than controls. Between dental technicians and controllers, there is a major difference. A negative connection exists between Ni and SOD, a positive correlation exists between Ni and p53mutant, and a negative correlation exists between SOD and p53mutant, according to the Spearman correlation test. Conclusion: A high nickel concentration in the blood serum of a dental worker raises the level of p53 mutants and lowers SOD activity, because p53 mutants have a negative dominant effect on wild p53 types, if wild-type p53 levels decline, p53 mutant levels may rise. Trial Registration: No: 149 / HRECC.FODM / VIII / 2017.