bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Gerakan Literasi Sekolah Tahap Pembiasaan Dalam Menumbuhkan Karakter Gemar Membaca di SDN Gondang 2 Tahun Ajaran 2021/2022
Authors: Puri Salsa Istya Cahya , Ngatman Ngatman , Suryandari Kartika Chrysti
Published: November 2023

Gerakan Literasi Sekolah tahap pembiasaan merupakan upaya untuk menumbuhkan karakter gemar membaca. Tujuan penelitian ini mendeskripsikan implementasi Gerakan Literasi Sekolah tahap pembiasaan, dampak dari pelaksanaan implementasi Gerakan Literasi Sekolah tahap pembiasaan, dan kendala serta strategi dalam menghadap permasalahan-permasalahan dalam pelaksanaan Gerakan Liiterasi Sekolah tahap pembiasaan. Jenis penelitian ini kualitatif dengan metode penelitian studi kasus. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, guru kelas IV dan V, petugas perpustakaan, siswa kelas IV dan V, serta dokumen. Teknik pengumpulan data terdiri dari observasi, wawancara, angket, studi dokumen, dan FGD. Uji validitas data menggunakan triangulasi data. Analisis data meliputi pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Prosedur penelitian terdiri atas 3 tahap, yaitu: tahap mengidentifikasi dan merancang penelitian; tahap menyiapkan, mengumpulkan, dan menganalisis data; serta menganalisis dan menyimpulkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Gerakan Literasi Sekolah tahap pembiasaan telah dilaksanakan dengan baik sesuai dengan indikator tahap pembiasaan; (2) Gerakan Literasi Sekolah tahap pembiasaan berdampak pada siswa yaitu mampu menumbuhkan karakter gemar membaca; (3) kendala dalam pelaksanaan gerakan literasi sekolah tahap pembiasaan dan dapat dioptimalkan dengan strategi yang sesuai dengan permasalahan tersebut. Gerakan Literasi Sekolah yang berjalan dengan baik maka akan berdampak positif terhadap perkembangan literasi siswa.
Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) dengan Media Konkret untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis tentang Bangun Ruang pada Siswa Kelas V SD Negeri Geger Tahun Ajaran 2022/2023
Authors: Rahmasari Eliya Dwi , Wahyudi Wahyudi , Suryandari Kartika Chrysti
Published: November 2023

Tujuan penelitian: (1) mendeskripsikan langkah penerapan model PBL dengan media konkret untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis tentang bangun ruang, (2) meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis tentang bangun ruang melalui penerapan model PBL dengan media konkret. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa kelas V SDN Geger. Data yang digunakan berupa data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dokumen, dan tes. Validitas data menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Analisis data dilaksanakan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. (1) Langkah penerapan model PBL dengan media konkret: (a) orientasi masalah dengan media konkret, (b) mengorganisasi siswa untuk belajar dengan media konkret, (c) membimbing penyelidikan siswa dengan media konkret, (d) menyajikan hasil kerja atau dikusi dengan media konkret, (e) menganalisis serta mengevaluasi proses dengan media konkret. (2) hasil tes berpikir kritis siklus I=62,50%, siklus II=75,00%, siklus III=85,00%. Hasil observasi kemampuan berpikir kritis siklus I=65,80%, siklus II=74,86%, siklus III=85,61%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model PBL dengan media konkret dapat meingkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis tentang bangun ruang pada siswa kelas V SDN Geger tahun ajaran 2022/2023.
Peningkatan Kerjasama dan Hasil Belajar Melalui Model Problem Based Learning Pada Materi Pecahan Kelas 2A SDN Pakel Tahun 2022/2023
Authors: Ayu Yayang Dela Puspita , Fatmawati Laila , Krismilah Tri
Published: November 2023

Berdasarkan hasil observasi dan wawancara, ditemukan hasil pengamatan bahwa peserta didik lebih suka mengerjakan tugas secara individu, kurangnya sikap kerjasama yang dimiliki oleh peserta didik, dan hasil belajar yang cukup rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya peningkatan kerjasama dan hasil belajar peserta didik melalui model pembelajaran problem based learning. Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjek penelitian adalah 29 peserta didik kelas 2A. Instrumen yang digunakan terdiri dari tes, observasi, wawancara, catatan lapangan dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian diperoleh pada siklus I pertemuan 1 sebesar 72,17%, siklus 1 pertemuan 2 sebesar 79,80%. Perolehan siklus II pertemuan 1 ssebesar 83,25%, siklus II pertemuan 2 sebesar 86,95% dengan kategori sangat baik. Rata-rata hasil belajar pra siklus sebesar 34,48%, siklus I 62,07% dan meningkat pada siklus II sebesar 86,21% menunjukkan ketercapaian indikator keberhasilan sangat baik. Dapat disimpulkan model pembelajaran problem based learning dapat meningkatkan kerjasama dan hasil belajar.
Extra-uterine placental transfusion and intact-cord stabilisation of infants in caesarean sections: An intervention development and pilot-study (INTACT-1)
Authors: Sæther Elisabeth , Andersson Ola , Bjellmo Solveig , Bernitz Stine , Gülpen Friedrich Reinhart-Van , Myklebust Tor Åge , Stridsklev Solhild , Eriksen Beate Horsberg
Published: November 2023

Background: Keeping the umbilical cord intact the first minutes after delivery is beneficial for both term and preterm infants. However, this may be challenging in caesarean sections (CS) due to lack of mobile resuscitation equipment, maintenance of sterility or concern for excessive maternal blood loss. The objective of this study was to develop and pilot-test extra-uterine placental transfusion and intact-cord stabilisation of infants in CS.
Methods: The intervention development process (phase 1) covered: A) placenta delivery without cord clamping, B) intact-cord stabilisation of the infant and C) physiology-based cord clamping. Different scenarios were tested through in-situ simulation and adjusted through multiple feedback rounds. The involved staff were trained prior to pilot-testing (phase 2). Women having a CS in regional anaesthesia, expecting a term or near-term singleton infant were included in the pilot-study after written consent. Primary outcome was the proportion of successfully completed interventions. For assessment of safety, maternal estimated intraoperative blood loss, infant 5-minute Apgar scores and infant rectal temperature during stabilisation were compared to pre-defined accept criteria. Dry-electrode ECG (NeoBeat™) was used for early detection of infant heartrate. Any respiratory support was registered. Early skin-to-skin contact between mother and infant was attempted for vigorous infants.
Results: A detailed intervention protocol was developed and tested. Twenty-nine mother-infant-dyads were included in the pilot study. Gestational age ranged from 37 to 42 weeks. The intervention was successfully completed in 90 % of the cases, of which 31 % were planned CS. Median (SD) infant heart rates at one and five minutes were 159 (32) and 168 (21) beats per minute respectively. Eight infants (28%) had intact-cord respiratory support. One infant (3.5%) had a 5-minute Apgar score < 7 and three infants (10%) had rectal temperatures below 36.5°C during the first 10-15 minutes after birth. Three mothers (10%) had estimated intraoperative blood loss > 1000 ml
Conclusion: Extra-uterine placental transfusion to facilitate intact-cord stabilisation and physiology-based cord clamping for infants delivered by CS was feasible and safe according to predefined accept criteria. Further testing of this complex intervention in larger, comparative studies is warranted.
Trial registration: Regional Committee for Medical Research Ethics Central Norway (REK-Midt), #399101
Phytochemical and Trace elements Variation in different traditional medicinal plant species of Peren District, Nagaland
Authors: Pongen Toshienla , Sangtam Lirola , Aochen Chubasenla , Verma Harendra , Difusa Amrita , Rao D Purushotama
Published: November 2023

The utilization of medicinal plants for unconventional health therapy is increasingly gaining significant recognition and popularity on a global scale. Screening of phytochemicals plays a major role in discovering many bioactive compounds significant to human health. Many parameters and conditions such as physiological conditions, soil condition and the type of extracts correspond to significant changes in phytochemical compositions. Thereby, the current study aim to assess phytochemical, and trace element contents in eight traditionally-used medicinal plants from Benreu village, Nagaland along with the corresponding soil profile. The studied plants also exhibited variations in the levels of trace element content, viz. Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu. Variable soil nutrient levels were also observed in soil samples for N, P and K. High values of flavonoids and phenols were observed, especially in Ageratina adenophora (820.39 ± 0.97 mg QE/100 g dw) and Erigeron karvinskianus (115.75 ± 0.36 mg GAE/100 g dw), respectively. This study, through qualitative screening and quantitative evaluations, provides essential baseline data on the phytochemical contents and essential elements present in commonly-used medicinal plants along with soil profile for the traditional treatment of various ailments.
WITHDRAWN: Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound delays the progression of osteoarthritis by regulating the YAP-RIPK1-NF-κB axis via influencing autophagy
Authors: Pan Chunran , Lu Fan , Hao Xiaoxia , Deng Xiaofeng , Liu Jiawei , Hou Wenjie , Shang Xingru , Chi Ruimin , Guo Fengjing , Xu Tao
Published: November 2023

Osteoarthritis (OA), known as a degenerative disease which characterized by the chronic inflammation of the joint. Unfortunately, due to the limited understanding of its pathological mechanism, there are no effective drugs or treatments to suspend the progression of OA. Interestingly, LIPUS had been reported to have a positive effect on many diseases including OA, but the exact mechanism of how LIPUS plays a role in OA remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that P62 and YAP were increased in the cartilage of OA models. Notably, knocking down the level of YAP could obviously decrease the inflammation level and alleviate the cartilage degeneration. Recent research indicated that YAP influenced the progression of OA through inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. Here, we confirmed for the first time that YAP could interact with RIPK1 to activate downstream NF-κB signaling pathways. More importantly, we found that LIPUS could restore the impaired capacity of autophagy, decrease the level of YAP and lessen the binding between YAP and RIPK1, thus delay the progression of OA. Our study revealed the specific mechanism of how LIPUS delayed the development of OA, providing a novel therapeutic regimen for OA.
WITHDRAWN: Atypical shaped (2+1) dimensional solitons in optical nanofibers
Authors: Mukherjee Abhik
Published: November 2023

In this article, some atypical topological soliton solutions of Kundu-Mukherjee-Naskar (KMN) equation have been derived. Some exact solutions of different shapes like U shaped soliton, W shaped soliton, three hump soliton, periodic soliton etc. have been obtained. These unusual shapes of the topological solitons on x− y plane occur due to the occurrence of an arbitrary nonlinear function in their argument. This solutions are quite uncommon in the field of integrable systems that may enrich the field of nano fiber optics.
WITHDRAWN: Dynamics of free surface shock waves for a saturated superfluid Helium film on a nanopore substrate
Authors: Mukherjee Abhik
Published: November 2023

We have explored a saturated (∼ 10−6cm) superfluid 4He film adsorbed on a nano pore substrate material. We have considered a weak and localized superfluid flow into the porous substrate and investigated its effect on the shock wave dynamics at the surface. The free surface wave dynamics of the superfluid film follows forced Korteweg de Vries (KdV) equation. For a specific choice of nontrivial boundary condition at z = 0, the nonlinear evolution equation turns into Korteweg de Vries-Burger equation having a shock wave solution. Such kind of analytical treatment using shallow water superfluid hydrodynamics is new in this field and may generate further research.
Therapeutic effect of fully human anti-Nrp-1 antibody in non–small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Bo , Liu Qin , Li Lin , Hu Zhi , Guo Xiyuan , Ye Yingchun , Xu Wenfeng , Liao Xiaoyu , Nian Siji , Yuan Qing
Published: November 2023

While immune checkpoint inhibitors have changed the treatment paradigm for non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), not all patients have experienced their benefits. Hence, there is a pressing need to explore novel immune checkpoint inhibitors. Neuropilin-1 (Nrp-1) represents a distinct immune checkpoint capable of exerting antitumor effects through CD8+ T cells. It also serves as a T-cell memory checkpoint that regulates long-term antitumor immunity. However, its role in NSCLC remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the increased expression of Nrp-1 on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes CD8+ T cells within tumor tissues from patients with lung adenocarcinoma. We screened and constructed of high affinity full-length anti-Nrp-1 IgG1 antibody from a constructed high-capaci4ty fully human single chain fragment variable (scFv) phage library. This novel anti-Nrp-1 IgG1 antibody demonstrated the ability to restore depleted CD8+ T cells in malignant pleural fluid in vitro. Furthermore, it exhibited the capacity to kill target cells through peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs). Importantly, treatment with the anti-Nrp-1 antibody led to a significant reduction in tumor volume in an immune-systemic humanized mouse model of lung cancer. These findings collectively suggest the promising potential of 53-IgG1 as an effective Nrp-1-targeting agent in the immunotherapy of NSCLC.
The Refractory Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism Presenting With Retro- Orbital Brown Tumor: a Case Report
Authors: Uysal Cihan , Yilmaz Tugba , Ozkan Hamiyet , Canoz Ozlem , Tokgoz Bulent
Published: November 2023

Background: Tertiary hyperparathyroidism describes the autonomous and excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) by the parathyroid glands after longstanding secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic kidney disease. Brown tumors are a sign of uncontrolled hyperparathyroidism. In this case, we have reported a refractory and destructive hyperparathyroidism storm. Also, it presented with atypical onset and unexpected adenoma location.
Case presentation: A 37-year-old man was diagnosed with end-stage kidney disease 22 years ago. He has been undergoing dialysis treatment since that time. Recently, he was admitted to the ophthalmology department due to the unilateral anterior bulging of the right eye and drooping of the eyelid. Any extra finding was not determined on physical examination. Magnetic resonance imaging exhibited an extraconal mass lesion located in the right orbital posterior superolateral position. Computerized tomography scans considered expansile bone lesion with peripheral calcification and originating from the sphenoid wing. The bone mass lesion was resected via craniotomy due to the compressive effect. The pathological findings were consistent with brown tumors. Plasma intact PTH level was 4557 pg/mL. The patient notified that he underwent parathyroidectomy and two leg fractures operation in a medical query. Parathyroid scintigraphy determined three distinct foci consistent with adenomas and one of them was in mediastenum. Second parathyroidectomy was recommended to the patient but the patient refused surgery. Despite his medication and dialysis regimen being revised, PTH levels were maintained at higher levels in follow-up.
Conclusions: We presented a hyperparathyroidism case that was resistant to all treatments and exhibited all the severe complications in a long-term dialysis patient. Furthermore, this case has revealed the importance and difficulty of secondary hyperparathyroidism management.
Prognostic Significance of Inflammatory and Nutritional Index for Serous Ovary Cancer
Authors: Han Yan , Lv Weiqing , Guo Jianfei , Shang Yun , Yang Fan , Zhang Xiaomin , Xiao Keyuan , Zong Liang , Hu Wenqing
Published: November 2023

Background: The prognosis of cancer patients were related with Onodera’s prognostic nutritional index (OPNI), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII). The purpose of this study is explored the prognostic value of NLR, PLR, SII and OPNI for serous ovary cancer (SOC).
Patients and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 133 patients with SOC at our institution from 2014 to 2021.Overall survival (OS) was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. We performed a multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazard regression model to determine the independent prognostic indicators for SOC.
Results: The results revealed that the optimal cut-off points of NLR, PLR, SII and OPNI were 2.3, 224.4, 747.5 and 45.5, respectively. The comparative study found that there were differences in treatment way, tumor stage, Lymph node metastasis, Albumin, NLR, PLR, SII between the high-score and low-score OPNI groups, while other indicators are not irrelevant. And OPNI, NLR, PLR, SII were related with OS, which the value of OPNI was positively correlated with OS, whereas the NLR, PLR, SII was negatively correlated with OS. The analytic result showed that OPNI was regarded as greater prognostic indicator for SOC.
Conclusion: Our study found that the OPNI, NLR, SII could be a predictive and prognostic parameter for SOC.
A systematic review and meta-regression on international trends in the incidence of ulcerative colitis in children and adolescents associated with socioeconomic and geographic factors
Authors: Weidner Jens , Kern Ivana , Reinecke Ines , Bathelt Franziska , Manuwald Ulf , Henke Elisa , Zoch Michele , Rothe Ulrike , Kugler Joachim
Published: November 2023

Background: The incidence of ulcerative colitis (UC) among children and adolescents is rising globally, albeit with notable discrepancies across countries. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the incidence rates of pediatric UC in various countries and explore potential influencing factors.
Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed and EMBASE (via OVID) for studies published between January 1, 1970, and December 31, 2019. Additionally, a manual search was performed to identify relevant systematic reviews. Meta-analyses and meta-regressions were employed to determine the overall incidence rate and examine potential factors that may influence it.
Results: A total of 66 studies were included in the qualitative analysis, while 50 studies were used for meta-analysis and meta-regression. Our analysis showed significant differences in the incidence rates of pediatric UC across different geographic regions, with no discernible global temporal trend. In addition, our meta-regression analysis showed that geographic location and socioeconomic factors significantly influenced the incidence of UC.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate a rising incidence of pediatric UC in numerous countries since 1970, but with significant geographical variation, potentially presenting challenges for respective healthcare systems. We have identified geographic and socioeconomic factors that contribute to the observed heterogeneity in incidence rates. These findings provide a foundation for future research and health policies, aiming to tackle the growing burden of UC among children and adolescents.
Design of a High-Gain N-path Filter with Harmonic Rejection
Authors: Song Shuxiang , Liu Changping , Jiang Pinqun , Cen Mingcan
Published: November 2023

N-path filters have gained widespread utilization in wireless communication systems. However, the long-standing challenges of poor harmonic rejection ability and excessive signal attenuation have hindered their effectiveness. To address these problems, we propose an innovative N-path filter design boasting elevated harmonic rejection and gain characteristics. Our filter employs a high-gain, low-noise amplifier (LNA) as a precursor and incorporates a transconductance amplifier for the weighted fitting of sinusoidal signals. Through SMIC180nm process simulation, we demonstrate the filter's tunability within the range of 800MHz to 1.2GHz, with a third harmonic rejection and fifth harmonic rejection of 61dB and 67dB, respectively. The gain is 21dB, the noise figure is 8—9dB, and IIP3 is -6.2 dBm. Our design provides a significant improvement over traditional N-path filters and has promising potential for practical applications.
Limitations of Theory of Mind Defenses against Deception in Multi-Agent Systems
Authors: Piazza Nancirose , Behzadan Vahid , Sarkadi Stefan
Published: November 2023

The presence of deceptive agents within a multi-agent system can exert a detrimental influence on the performance and stability ofother agents in shared environments. In multi-agent interactions, the utilization of Theory of Mind (ToM) has become a considerable mech-anism for defenses against deception where it can possibly provide defenses with robustness and resilience to adverse effects against diverseforms of deception. ToM is the cognitive process through which an agent ascribes states to other agents, encompassing beliefs, objec-tives, intentions, desires, or any other characteristic. This paper investigates into the effectiveness and inherent limitations of employ-ing ToM-based defenses. We leverage stochastic games and Bayesian games, specifically highlighting formulations of Multi-Agent Reinforce-ment Learning (MARL) to establish the boundaries of ToM as a defense.
Exploring the Mechanism of Epimedium on Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head through Network Pharmacology
Authors: Qi Yuxin , Hu Wei , Meng Chenyang , Jiang Enze , Ge Zhe , Wang Pei , Wang Jianzhong
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has consistently demonstrated promise in the prevention and management of ONFH. Epimedium, historically revered in Chinese medicinal recipes, has been utilized for mitigating conditions such as osteonecrosis and symptoms of kidney yang deficiency.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to forecast the drug targets and associated pathways through which Epimedium exerts its therapeutic effects against osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Additionally, we sought to delve deeper into its mechanism at the molecular level.
METHODS: In this study, we identified the active constituents and targets of Epimedium using the TCMSP database. The GEO database (with accession number GSE123568) was consulted to pinpoint targets associated with SONFH. Differential gene expression was visually represented through volcano and heat maps, crafted using the R software. GO and KEGG analyzes of these target genes were also subsequently performed using R software.
RESULTS: Five pivotal target genes were identified: PTGS2, KCNH2, BCL2L1, ABCG2, and E2F2. An exhaustive topological analysis was performed encompassing eight pathways and three genes.
CONCLUSION: This study elucidates the fundamental constituents, specific targets, and molecular pathways that underlie the effectiveness of Epimedium in the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
Exploring Temporal Context in Human Pose Estimation: Benefits of 2D vs. 3D Input Data
Authors: Korbel Erik , Skorvankova Dana
Published: November 2023

The human body pose estimation is a challenging task that has been tackled by many different approaches over the last decades. The importance of solving this problem is rooted in an ability to automatically identify the pose of a subject in visual data. Even though numerous methods have been proposed to address the task, there is still ambiguity over what input data format is more efficient to use. Moreover, studies have shown that incorporating temporal information can be beneficial in one setting while leading to excessive computational complexity in others. In this paper, we investigate the effect of spatio-temporal context on the accuracy of the final estimations in end-to-end pose estimation methods, most importantly, whether it offers any additional value over the single-frame pose data. Furthermore, to address the question of the appropriate input data format, we compare experiments using the most widely used 2D and 3D visual input data structures.
Synthetic Routes and Pharmacological Activities of Purine Derivatives: A Review
Authors: Benkirane Soukaina , Misbahi Houria , Boudkhili Meriem , Rodi Youssef Kandri , Sebbar Nada Kheira , Essassi El Mokhtar
Published: November 2023

The Purine moiety is regarded as the ubiquitous nitrogen-containing heterocycle
in nature and is recognized as a privileged scaffold in medicinal chemistry. Moreover, the
purine derivatives are heterocyclic aromatic compounds consisting of conjoined pyrimidine
and imidazole moieties. Purine derivatives are involved in various metabolic processes as
cofactors associated with a wide variety of enzymes and receptors. Therefore, many synthetic
ways to obtain purine derivatives were developed using different reagents such as pyrimidine,
imidazole, and some acyclic precursors. This article review focuses on the synthetic
methodologies of purine derivatives from its first synthesis in the 19th century to this last
decade and also reports a variety of proven pharmacological applications for the purine derivatives.
This review offers a panoply of synthetic routes that medicinal and organic chemistry
researchers can use in the preparation and design of new purine derivatives.
Complications and Hazards Associated with Body Piercing: A Narrative Review
Authors: Karimi Ebrahim , Nouri Majid , Hejripoor Seyed Zia , Darvishi Mohammad
Published: November 2023

Objectives::

The increasingly widespread practice of piercings is often accompanied by
complications and hazards which are constantly increasing. Therefore, it seems necessary to pay
attention to the non-negligible risks that these practices entail and to the possibilities of reducing
them. Hence, this study was conducted to help raise awareness of the complications and hazards
associated with body piercing as a growing type of body modification practice.

Methods::

Studies were searched in the PubMed database and the Google Scholar engine using the
keywords, often in combination, including body piercing, body modification, complications, and
infection. The searches were limited to post-2000. Studies without limitations on their types were
included in this study.

Results::

The most important complications are infection, bleeding, trauma, allergy, and scarring.
Infection is the most common complication which occurs in individuals after piercing. A wide
spectrum of bacterial and viral infections may occur. Allergic manifestations are not uncommon,
with the risk that sensitization thus acquired may have subsequent harmful consequences.

Conclusions::

Educating people and health care professionals by conducting more studies to better
understand the complications of body piercing can be a solution to reduce health problems related
to body piercing.
High Throughput Screening Techniques in Anticancer Drug Discovery and Development from Botanicals
Authors: Patel Madhavi , Patel Vishal
Published: November 2023

Botanicals obtained from nature are the major source of therapeutic
medicines for humans. Utilization of botanicals for a variety of diseases is not
mysterious, and a rapid increase in such therapeutic substances is observed due to their
efficacy and long-term safety. Cancer, as a leading cause of disease worldwide, piques
the interest of researchers seeking novel anticancer agents. Till date, the major share of
cancer medicines is occupied by natural products, and the drug discovery process is
rapidly going on. However, traditional anticancer drug discovery is time-consuming
and herculean. High-throughput screening (HTS) is a tool to make natural product
library screening easy and fast. The advancement of extraction, isolation, and structure
characterization of Phyto actives obtained from botanicals, provides a large number of
compounds for testing via HTS. High-density well plates, a liquid handling platform,
automation, and robotics allow the screening of 100,000 compounds per day.
Anticancer screening of botanicals by HTS can be performed on various cancer cell
lines along with molecular targets, enzyme or protein interaction assays, or the capacity
of the extract to induce apoptosis. After the replication of identified extracts, further
assays are performed for more precise results. HTS screening and computational
methods provide speed and a high degree of sensitivity for anticancer agents and
compress the time required for drug discovery. Advances in HTS technology, such as
ultra-HTS and the use of 3-D cultures, will speed up the process of discovering
anticancer drugs from botanicals. Advanced detection techniques for HTS assays, as
well as instrumental techniques for identified lead compound separation, help to ensure
that the results are neat. 
Anticancer Phytochemicals of 21st Century: A Multitargeted Approach and Role of Humanism in Oncology
Authors: Selvaraj Jubie , Naga Lalitha Chaitanya Motamarri Venkata , Swaroop Akey Krishna , Thangavelu Prabha , Saxena Pal Rashmi
Published: November 2023

Unfortunately, we are living in a century where cancer has become an
epidemic that is uncontrollable. Although the plant kingdom has been explored for
cancer therapeutics due to its antimutagenic, antioxidant, antiproliferative, and
alteration of the human immune system potential; these efforts are still underway due
to inadequate knowledge of their biochemical mechanisms and molecular pathways.
Phytochemicals exert anticancer activity due to their agonistic and antagonistic
potentials on different proteins and enzymes involved in the molecular pathways of
cancer. This classical phytotherapy treatment has various pitfalls, such as resistance,
side effects, and a lack of target specificity. Because of the target-specificity effects,
traditional phytotherapy does not distinguish tumour cells from normal cells. A
multitargeted approach, in which a single phytochemical act on different points of the
same signalling cascade, plays an important role in this regard. Polypharmacology,
system biology, and networking pharmacology are the different terminologies to use to
explain in detail the multitargeting approach. Classical phytotherapy is replaced with
this multitargeted approach where different “omics” such as genomics, epigenomics,
transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and various cytogenic technologies are
involved. In this chapter, the various multitargeted approaches involved in cancer
therapy and the phytochemicals that were prominent in cancer prevention in the 21st
century have been explained. At the end of the chapter, the holistic approach to the
treatment of oncology has also been emphasized. 
Self-Assembled Monolayer-Based Molecular Electronic Devices
Authors: Francis Jaismon , Ramesh Aswin , Suchand Sangeeth C. S.
Published: November 2023

This chapter focuses on molecular tunnel junctions (MTJ), the basic building
block of molecular electronics (ME), which consist of either a single molecule or an
ensemble of molecules in the form of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) sandwiched
between two electrodes. MTJs based on SAMs find practical applications such as diode
rectifiers, switches, and molecular memory devices. The predominant charge transport
mechanism in two-terminal junctions is tunneling; therefore, perturbances in the bond
length scale will translate into nonlinear electrical responses, allowing MTJ to induce
and control electronic activity on nanoscopic length scales with various inputs. For this
reason, the subject is now progressing to devices based on finite ensembles of
molecules, and many studies are underway to develop devices that can augment and
complement traditional semiconductor-based electronics. SAM-based tunnel junctions
are like single molecular junctions, demonstrating effects like quantized conductance,
tunneling, hopping, and rectification; they also possess a unique set of properties. In
addition, several new problems that need to be addressed arise from the unique
characteristics of SAM-based junctions. General aspects of the two terminal molecular
junctions, roles of the electrode, molecule, and molecule electrode interfaces, and how
to differentiate the components of a molecular junction using impedance spectroscopy
are discussed in this chapter. Different testbeds to measure the charge transport in
SAM-based tunnel junctions are discussed, and a comparison of the reported charge
transport data on alkanethiolate SAMs is presented. Finally, the molecular rectifiers are
briefly discussed.
Optically Gated Vertical Tunnel FET for Near-Infrared Sensing Application
Authors: Devi Wangkheirakpam Vandana , Bhowmick Brinda , Devi Pukhrambam Puspa , Singh Ghanshyam
Published: November 2023

This chapter presents a vertical tunnel FET (VTFET) designed for light
sensing application to use in medical diagnosis and treatment, tracking of targets,
analysis of the chemical composition, surveillance cameras, etc. Various aspects related
to this optimized VTFET photosensor are analyzed to benchmark its performance
among those available in the literature. A brief discussion on the conventional TFET
geometry is presented to give a better understanding of the advantages of its working
methodologies. The concept of sensing using optically gated VTFET is studied with a
remarkable focus on design perspective and detection principle. The modified TFET
geometry has a photosensitive gate called an optically gated VTFET to use in near-infrared sensing applications. The design approach based on Synopsys Technology
Computer-Aided Design (TCAD), along with suitable physics-based models of
simulation, is introduced in this chapter. A wavelength range of 0.7µm to 1µm is
considered in the simulation process. Analyses of different sensing parameters, such as
sensitivity, responsivity, etc., at low intensity of illumination, are brought to light with
the main focus on the viability of the proposed sensor to be a superior one. Through
such analysis, this chapter presents a low-power, highly sensitive, cost-effective, faster
response time photodetector that may be applicable for next-generation photosensors.
Self-Powered Photodetectors: Fundamentals and Recent Advancements
Authors: Goel Varun , Kumar Hemant
Published: November 2023

This chapter focuses on the evolution of Self-powered Photodetectors, from
single nanobelt to highly sophisticated Pyro-phototronic effect-assisted devices. The
essentials of the self-powered photodetector, from material characterization to device
engineering mechanism, are discussed in detail, such as Pyro-phototronic enriched
devices. This study provides a state-of-the-art research trend of the Pyro-phototronic
enriched self-powered photodetectors. Finally, a summary of various device structures
with their figures of merit and conclusions, along with the research gap, is presented.
This review focuses on providing valuable insights into improving self-powered
photodetectors.
Nanomaterials Applicability in Blended Perovskite Solar Cells: To commercialize Lead-free Content, Including Easy End of life Management in Solar Infrastructure
Authors: Vyas Bhavesh , Vyas Jayesh , Dahiya Vineet , Acharya Puja
Published: November 2023

This chapter provides insights about the Perovskite type of Solar Cell
(PVSC) that can be utilized as a probable substitute for existing solar panels. Pros of
reduced lead participation in chemical structure and better end-of-life supports have
boosted research explorations. Combinatorial-based explorations in perovskites have
created a collection of various chemical designs with unique properties and improved
functionalities. Investigations in terms of catalytic nature, environment adaptability,
and spintronic properties provide vivid structural arrangements. But still, constraints
based on application-specific composition, raw material utilization, problems of
stability issues, and the reduction in lead content are the objectives yet to be achieved
at the commercial level. Interlinking of chemical structural, the nature of multiple
layers created for building the material can be improvised with nanomaterials
integration as detailed in the chapter. Comparative lab results analysis and efforts over
raised stability and reduced lead content are taken into the study to present PVSC as
upcoming commercialized products. Moreover, future scope briefs about existing
nanomaterials composites with improvised electron and hole transport layers. Also,
findings related to back electrode-based placement to achieve better efficiency and
stability are submitted to reveal suitable obtains of the experiments covered in the
study.
Twórcze podejście do nauczania i wspieranie rozwoju twórczego myślenia u uczniów w edukacji tradycyjnej oraz w edukacji zdalnej podczas pandemii Covid-19
Authors: Słomińska Marta
Published: November 2023

Zagadnienie twórczości jest szeroko rozumiane i omawiane pod kątem edukacji. Artykuł ten omawia twórcze podejście do nauczania oraz metody rozwijające twórczość uczniów. Uwaga została skupiona wokół zagadnień twórczego myślenia i twórczego rozwiązywania problemów. Podane zostały przykłady zastosowań metod rozwijających te kompetencje w praktyce zarówno w edukacji przedszkolnej, jak i wczesnoszkolnej. Problematyka artykułu rozpatrywana jest pod kątem edukacji tradycyjnej oraz zdalnej.
A Systematic Review of the Effects of Aromatherapy on Depression and Anxiety in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Lee Hye Kyung , Kim Hyun Kyoung , Song Suk Min
Published: November 2023

Purpose: This systematic review aimed to investigate the effects of aromatherapy interventions on depression and anxiety in menopausal women.Methods: This study adhered to PRISMA (preferred reporting items of systemic reviews and meta-analysis) guidelines. Relevant studies published between 1994 and 2002 were searched in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Google Scholar, DBPIA, KISS, and RISS databases. Search criteria included the mesh terms 'aromatherapy menopause women depression anxiety.' The review included randomized and nonrandomized studies of women who were menopausal or postmenopausal and received aromatherapy intervention for depression and anxiety associated with symptoms of menopause. The extracted literature was evaluated via quality appraisal checklists of ROB 2 (Risk of Bias 2.0) and ROBINS-1 (Risk Of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies - of Interventions) and visualized using a risk-of-bias visualization tool.Results: The review included 6 randomized controlled studies and 2 quasi-experimental studies. The results showed that aromatherapy massage and inhalation therapy were effective in reducing depression and had beneficial effects in reducing anxiety, improving quality of sleep, and menopausal symptoms in menopausal women.Conclusion: Interventions using aromatic essential oils to massage the hands, arms, back, and scalp or inhalation of aromatic oils from clothing, necklaces, and bedding might be beneficial for the emotional health of menopausal women. Women health professionals should consider applying aromatherapy to menopausal women to improve emotional health, sleep, and menopausal symptoms.
The effect of Zinc Oxide nanoparticles with sodium fluoride in remineralization of enamel caries
Authors: Alaa Abdulkareem Farah , Alwaheb Athraa
Published: November 2023

Background: the most prevalent chronic condition in the world is caries; the revolution in minimally invasive dentistry clarified the necessity for clinically effective methods to allow remineralization of newly formed enamel caries, and Nanotechnology provides new approaches. Nano-sized ZnO In addition to the individualized antifungal and antibacterial properties, it has been used in fluoride precipitation from aqueous solutions; it acts as an adsorbent to remove F ions. The
study aimed to test the effect of applying Zinc Oxide NP with Sodium Fluoride
solution on the microhardness of artificially induced dental caries on the enamel
surface compared to Sodium Fluoride alone. Materials and methods: thirteen upper first premolars extracted for orthodontic treatment were used.results: the nanoparticles increase the surface remineralization more than sodium fluoride alone
and have more excellent microhardness scores. Conclusion: Using zinc Oxide nanoparticles with sodium fluoride is better than using sodium fluoride alone.
Keywords: Dental caries, Noninvasive dentistry, Nanoparticles, Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, Reminerlization.
Dental caries experience and salivary total protein concentration
in relation to electronic cigarette smoking
Authors: Mahdi Abdul-Jabbar Zainab , Mohammed Hoobi Nibal
Published: November 2023

The study was conducted among college students in Al-Najaf City/Iraq, where it
included evaluating dental caries experience, salivary flow rate, salivary pH and
salivary total protein concentration in relation to electronic cigarette smoking. A
cross-sectional method was used to compare dental caries experience, salivary
flow rate, salivary pH and total protein concentration of 40 electronic cigarette
smokers and 40 non-smokers considered a control group. SPSS version 22 was
used to analyze the data, and statistical significance was determined at p >0.05. The
results showed no significant difference in the dental caries experience between
the two groups except DMFT. The result was significant, but there was a
significant difference between the groups' salivary flow rate and pH. Moreover,
there was no statistically significant difference in the salivary total protein
concentration of the groups. This study concluded that electronic cigarettes had
potentially detrimental effects on oral health and selected physicochemical
properties of saliva.
Keywords: Electronic Cigarette, Dental Caries Experience, Salivary Flow Rate,
Salivary pH, Total Protein.
Evaluated some Efflux-Pump gene Expression under ciprofloxacin
stress in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Aljabar Dohan Wasan Abed , Mohammed Kareem Sawsan
Published: November 2023

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacteria; adaptation in different environments makes them very aggressive and life-threatening pathogens for humans,
especially patients who suffer from weak immunity. This study aimed to evaluate
the gene expression of each mexA and mexB gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
isolates, which were isolated from clinical samples; screening of efflux pumps in
multidrug P. aeruginosa phenotypically was done by the Cather wheel method.
Study genes expression of efflux pump genes under ciprofloxacin antibiotic stress
and Et. Br were done in different concentrations of cip and EtBr. One hundred and
ten (110) isolates of Pseudomonas spp. were collected from different hospitals in
Baghdad city, (50) isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa identified and confirmed
were done. The results appeared according to the type of clinical sources the fiftyisolate distributed as 35 (70 %) burns swab samples, 10 (20 %) from wounds
swabs, and 5 (10 %) from ear discharge. The results of mexA Ct values ranged
from 32.1 to 36.79 with an average of 34.337, and the results of mexB Ct values
ranged from 14.74 to 19.96 with an average of 16.791 compared to the rpsL (Ct =
11.14) reference gene. The results showed that the mean of Ct of gene expression
was noticed when put under stress of Et.Br. + CIP and CIP in mexA were 37.195
and 34.702, respectively, compared to control 34.337; on the other hand, the gene
expression between both treatments was over-expressed in the treatment of CIP 32
compared to CIP+Et.Br. The Cather wheel method expression results were noticed
when stressed, Et.Br. + CIP and CIP in mexB gene expression were 19.626 and
18.872, respectively, compared to control 16.791. In conclusion, compared to the
control, both treatments did not induce the expression of mexB genes; on the other
hand, the gene expression between both treatments was expressed in the treatment
of CIP 32 compared to CIP+Et.Br.
Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, mexA, mexB, Cather Wheel.
Evaluation of the efficiency of some vegetable oils and bio-fungi in controlling Aphis fabae Scopoli of black bean insect.
Authors: A.Benyan Layla , M. Kalaf Jinan , S. Hamid Dawood
Published: November 2023

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of some vegetable oils
such as watercress oil, aloe vera oil and eucalyptus oil in the percentage of nymphs
of black broad bean Aphis fabae Scopoli on the chard plant Beta vulgaris subbsp.
cicla. The mortality rate was 83.88, 90.56, and 93.89 % for oils used in the laboratory, while the percentage of loss in the field was 82.91. 88.19 and 89.86%, respectively, the results showed that vegetable oils had an effect on the destruction
of whole black broad bean insects, and the increase of this effect with the increase
of the time and concentration factor.
Keywords: Aphis fabae; Plant oils; Biological fungi
Effect of sucrose in strawberry micro-propagation using platform
bioreactor under temporary immersion system
Authors: Mohammed Naser Suha , A A Abdulhussein Muslim
Published: November 2023

The study was carried out in the tissue culture laboratories at the College of Agriculture / University of Kufa during the period from April 2020 to October 2021
where the aim was to assess the efficiency of micropropagation of strawberries
by adding different concentrations of sucrose (30, 40 and 50 g.L-1
) to the nutrient
medium in combination with different cultivation systems: Semi-solid media system and temporary immersion system using the Plantform bioreactor. The results
showed that both the highest concentration of sucrose and the culture system under the medium immersion, individually or combined, were the highest and significantly effective in increasing the rate of number of shoots (runners), leaf content of macro and minor elements, total soluble sugars, plant pigments and fresh
weight of biomass. Generally, the highest values were recorded in the shoots
grown in liquid media supplied with 50 g.L-1
sucrose under temporary immersion
in the PlantForm bioreactor compared with those grown in semi-solid media.
Keywords: Fragaria × ananassa, micro-propagation, plant nutrition, tissue culture, PlantForm bioreactor