bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alumnado universitario con discapacidad: elementos para la reflexión psicopedagógica
Authors: Luque Parra Diego Jesús , Rodríguez Infante Gemma
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEn este artículo se tratan aspectos de la situación educativa universitaria del alumnado con discapacidad. En él se busca situar elementos de intervención psicopedagógica, a través de la actuación llevada a cabo por un Servicio de Apoyo al Alumnado con discapacidad. Con todo se pretende en última instancia, favorecer la reflexión sobre el papel de la Orientación Educativa, el Profesorado y la Comunidad Universitaria en general, en su relación con la discapacidad.ABSTRACTThis article talks about different aspects of disable students at university level. It focuses on the psichopedagogical intervention from the Support Service for Students with Disabilities. The final goal is to promote the reflection on the role of educational guidance, teachers and university staff as a whole in relation with disabilities.
Procesos de orientación en entornos virtuales de aprendizaje
Authors: Pantoja Vallejo Antonio , Zwierewicz Marlene
Published: July 2020

RESUMENLa historia de la humanidad se desarrolla de forma paralela a la expansión de las nuevas tecnologías. Su uso en la educación y la orientación deberá permitir condiciones para la atención personalizada del alumnado que accede a los sistemas digitales desarrollados al efecto, como es el caso de los Entornos Virtuales de Aprendizaje (EVA). En el presente artículo se analizan estas cuestiones desde una perspectiva orientadora, se valora la interactividad que favorece los EVA, se estudian las características que presentan el orientador y el tutor virtual y se realizan aportaciones desde un punto de vista prospectivo.ABSTRACTThe history of human civilization runs parallel to the expansion of the new technologies. Their use in education and counselling must facilitate the necessary conditions for personalized attention to students gaining access to digital systems developed for this purpose, such as Virtual Learning Environments (EVE, in Spanish). This paper discusses these issues from a counselling perspective, it assesses interactivity fostered by EVE, reviews counsellors characteristics and virtual tutors, and contributes to the field from a prospective point of view.
Influencia del contexto sobre el conocimiento de la formación profesional de los estudiantes de Educación Secundaria
Authors: Molina Martín Susana
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEn este artículo se analiza la información que sobre algunos aspectos de la formación profesional ocupacional tiene el alumnado que finaliza la educación obligatoria y reside en diversas ciudades asturianas. Los resultados obtenidos permiten concluir que su conocimiento no es muy amplío, siendo preciso desarrollar un sistema integrado y coordinado de orientación y formación profesional entre los centros educativos y la administración local.ABSTRACTThis paper analyzes the knowledge that students who are in the last year of compulsory secondary education, living in different cities of Asturias, have about several vocational training courses. The results obtained permit us to conclude that pupils do not have enough information. We considered that this situation would be able to change if both school centres and local government develop a proposal of vocational guidance and training together.
Sostenibilidad: Una Nueva Imagen de Personas y Entornos de Trabajo Saludables.
Authors: Neault Roberta
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEn este artículo, presentado en el congreso de la Asociación Internacional de Orientación Escolar y Profesional en Buenos Aires, Argentina, en Septiembre de 2009, la sostenibilidad medioambiental se introduce como metáfora para ayudar a examinar la sostenibilidad individual y organizacional. El artículo comienza con una presentación sobre los retos de la sostenibilidad, y pasa a subrayar la desconexión entre los compromisos públicos para apoyar el equilibrio entre vida y trabajo y la salud en los entornos de trabajo y la realidad a la que los individuos se enfrentan. A continuación se examina el impacto de los cambios laborales en el individuo y las organizaciones, utilizando las iniciativas de sostenibilidad medioambiental como modelo holístico de cambio. El artículo concluye señalando las implicaciones que tiene para los orientadores, profesionales de recursos humanos y equipos directivos el apoyar a sus clientes, estudiantes, colegas y empleados en la consecución de iniciativas sostenibles en la gestión de su carrera y su vida.ABSTRACTIn this article, based on a presentation at the International Association of Educational and Vocational Guidance conference in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in September 2009, environmental sustainability is introduced as a metaphor to help examine individual and organizational sustainability. To begin, sustainability challenges are presented, followed by a discussion of the disconnect between public commitments to supporting work-life balance and healthy workplaces and the realities individuals continue to encounter. Next, the individual and organizational impacts of chronic busyness are examined. Finally, solutions are presented from a systemic perspective, using environmental sustainability initiatives as holistic models for change. The article concludes with implications for career and guidance counsellors, human resource professionals, and management teams interested in supporting clients, students, colleagues, and employees to embrace sustainable approaches to career and life management.
Sumario
Authors: Repetto Elvira , García de Cabo Carmen
Published: July 2020

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Televisión y adolescencia: valores y aspiraciones académico-profesionales
Authors: Reigosa Cork Sonia
Published: July 2020

RESUMEN Con este estudio se pretende descubrir si en las elecciones o aspiraciones profesionales ha podido influir la forma en que muestran estas cuestiones los programas de televisión más vistos por los jóvenes en la actualidad. Hemos utilizado un diseño apriorístico de encuestación administrado a 59 adolescentes de un Instituto Público situado en la periferia de Zaragoza, España. Entre las conclusiones más destacadas encontramos que los adolescentes tienen varios propósitos como telespectadores y que son coherentes en sus opiniones en torno a sus aspiraciones y valores profesionales. Igualmente, descubrimos la existencia de un juicio crítico como televidentes, reflejado en su conciencia acerca de la posible influencia que ejerce el medio televisivo tanto en sí mismos como en los demás. ABSTRACT This study intends to find out if the TV programmes that are most watched by young people nowadays may have had an influence on their career choices or expectations. We have administered a survey to 59 adolescents of a Public Institute located in Zaragoza, Spain. Among the most outstanding conclusions we found that adolescents have several purposes, as viewers and that they are coherent with these opinions about their aspirations and values. We also discovered the existence of “a critical attitude” as viewers, reflected on their awareness of the possible influence that TV has both on themselves and on the others.
Análise de falhas e efeitos na preparação e dispensação de quimioterápicos
Authors: de Abreu Costa Priscila Cumba , Medeiros de Araújo Nunes Vilani , Santiago Fernandes Pimenta Isac Davidson , Da Silva Bezerra Thiago , Piuvezam Grasiela , Da Silva Gama Zenewton André
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Realizar un Análisis Multimodal de fallas y efectos para identificar prospectivamente los riesgos relacionados a la fase de la preparación y dispensación de medicamentos quimioterápicos en una unidad ambulatoria de un centro de referencia en oncología.

Métodos: Se utilizaron las seis primeras etapas del Análisis Multimodal de fallas y Efectos: identificar las situaciones peligrosas y montar un equipo; definir el proceso a ser analizado describiendo gráficamente; aplicar lluvia de ideas buscando identificar modos de fallas; priorizar los modos de fallas y realizar análisis de riesgos; identificar las causas potenciales de los modos de fallo y volver a dibujar el proceso.

Resultados: Se identificaron diecisiete modos de falla, siendo dos clasificados como de alto riesgo: cambiar la ventana de salida del medicamento y cálculo erróneo de la dosis de medicamento intratecal.

Conclusiones: Se identificaron los posibles modos de falla que se relacionaban al proceso analizado, además, fue posible definir causas potenciales para la existencia de esos riesgos.

Aim: Conduct a Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) to prospectively identify the risks related to the preparation and dispensation of chemotherapy drugs at an outpatient unit of a reference center in oncology. Methods: The first six stages of Failure Mode and Effect Analysis were used to identify dangerous situations and assemble a team; define the process to be analyzed and describe it graphically; apply a host of ideas to identify failure modes; prioritize failure modes and conduct risk analysis; identify potential causes of failure modes and redesign the process. Results: Seventeen failure modes were identified, two of which were classified as high risk: changing the output window for the drug and miscalculating the intrathecal drug dose. Conclusions: The possible failure modes related to the process analyzed were identified; in addition, it was possible to define potential causes of these risks.
Caracterização das lesões por pressão em adultos portadores de germes multirresistentes
Authors: Macedo Andreia , Graciotto Ariane , Mello Deborah Bulegon , Hansel Leandro Augusto , Severo Lopes Cortelini Carolina , Schöninger Neíse
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Describir las características de las lesiones por presión en pacientes adultos con gérmenes multirresistentes.Método: Este es un estudio transversal realizado con pacientes hospitalizados en la unidad de pacientes hospitalizados por gérmenes resistentes a múltiples fármacos de un hospital público en el sur de Brasil. Se seleccionaron pacientes con lesión por presión del estadio II. Los datos se recopilaron en 2017 de una muestra de 110 lesiones en 36 pacientes utilizando la Herramienta de evaluación de heridas Bates-Jensen (BWAT). Los datos se analizaron mediante estadísticas descriptivas y analíticas. Resultados: La edad promedio de los individuos fue de 45.4 (± 21.3) años y el 89.1% había sido hospitalizado con una lesión por presión, que ocurrió en el hogar o en otras instituciones de salud. El valor medio de BWAT fue de 35.5 ± 8.9 puntos y hubo una correlación positiva débil (r = 0.228 p = 0.017) con el tamaño de la lesión, correlación positiva moderada con el estadio de la lesión (r = 540 p <0.001). y con el resultado de la escala de Braden (r = 0.44 p = 0.651).Conclusión: Los resultados muestran la enfermedad de pacientes jóvenes. Los pacientes con gérmenes multirresistentes presentaron lesiones por presión con una mayor participación de las estructuras, lo que sugiere la necesidad de apoyo en el hogar.

Objective: To describe the characteristics of the pressure lesions in adult patients with multiresistant germs.Method: This is a cross-sectional study conducted with patients admitted to the inpatient unit for multidrug resistant germs in a public hospital in Brazil. Patients with pressure lesions from stage II were selected. Data collection took place in 2017, in a sample of 110 injuries, in patients, through the Pressure Ulcer State Assessment Instrument (Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool - BWAT). Results: The average age of the individuals was 45.4 (± 21.3) years old and 89.1% had already suffered pressure lesions, such as those that occurred at home or in other health institutions. The mean BWAT value was 35.5 ± 8.9 points and there was a weak positive correlation (r = 0.228 p = 0.017) with lesion size, moderate positive correlation with lesion stage (r = 540 p <0.001), and with the result of the Braden scale (r = 0.44 p = 0.651).Conclusion: The results indicated the illness of young patients. Patients with multiresistant germs suffered pressure lesions with greater involvement of structures, which suggests the need for home support.
Saberes e práticas dos agentes comunitários de saúde no contexto da promoção da saúde: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: De Alencar Olga Maria , De Abreu Leidy Dayane Paiva , da Silva Maria Rocineide Ferreira , Pereira Thayza Miranda , Marinho Mirna Neyara Alexandre de Sá Barreto
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Nuestro objetivo es identificar en la literatura el conocimiento y las prácticas de los Agentes de Salud de la Comunidad (ACS) sobre promoción de la salud.Método: Esta es una revisión integradora realizada en las bases de datos MEDLINE / PUBMED, LILACS y BDENF, de artículos completos en inglés, portugués o español. Utilizamos el método de análisis temático con el uso de tablas para una mejor sistematización.Resultados / Discusión: Fue posible analizar que los procesos de trabajo de ACS están fuertemente asociados con la capacitación técnica. Se observan las brechas en la producción de conocimiento sobre promoción de la salud, como práctica diaria, acciones preventivas y distribución de insumos / medicamentos, recolección de información sociodemográfica y la situación de salud de la población, perdiendo así el espacio para la producción de atención basada en promoción de la salud.Conclusión: La creación de lazos y la bienvenida como una herramienta inseparable para el trabajo de la ACS se vuelve pulsante en las discusiones.

Objective: We aim to identify in the literature the knowledge and practices of Community Health Workers (CHWs) on health promotion.Method: This is an integrative literature review carried out in the MEDLINE/PUBMED, LILACS and BDENF databases, with full text articles in English, Portuguese or Spanish. We used the Thematic Analysis method, using tables for better systematization.Results / Discussion: It was possible to analyze that the CHW work processes are strongly associated with technical training. There are gaps in the production of knowledge about health promotion as a daily practice, with the presence of preventive actions and distribution of commodities/medications and collection of socio-demographic information and of the health situation of the population, leaving the production of care based on health promotion on the background.Conclusion: The discussions highlight the creation of bonds and empathy, as inseparable tools in the work of the CHW.
Delay of diagnosis of tuberculosis in elderly: address of the managing subjects
Authors: Silva Adriana Maria , Henriques Amanda Haissa Barros , Pimenta Emília Fernandes , Carvalho Emanuelle Anastácio , Nogueira Matheus Figueiredo , Barrêto Anne Jaquelyne Roque
Published: July 2020

Objetivou-se analisar o discurso de sujeitos gestores relacionado ao retardo do diagnóstico da Tuberculose em pessoas idosas em municípios da região do Curimataú-Paraíba. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, cuja amostra contou com nove gestores de saúde de municípios pertencentes a 4ª Região de Saúde da Paraíba. Os dados foram coletados pela técnica da entrevista e analisados com base na Análise de Discurso de matriz francesa. Para os gestores, os fatores que levam ao retardo do diagnóstico da Tuberculose relacionam-se a demora em procurar os serviços de saúde e perceber o adoecimento, à falta de conhecimento sobre a doença, o preconceito, dificuldades no acesso aos serviços de saúde e a falta de percepção dos profissionais em identificar os casos suspeitos. Faz-se necessário que gestores e profissionais de saúde criem ações direcionadas tanto para família quanto para o idoso, o qual necessita ser visto como grupo de risco ao adoecimento de Tuberculose.
Characterization of Patients Eligible for Palliative Care in Hospital Admission Units of a University Hospital
Authors: Leite Adriana Coutinho
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Caracterizar pacientes elegíveis para cuidados paliativos internados em um hospital universitário Método: Estudo descritivo, transversal, quantitativo. Adotou-se amostra populacional, por conveniência, selecionando pacientes maiores de 18 anos, internados num hospital universitário, apresentando diagnóstico de doenças crônicas, no período de junho a julho de 2019. Resultados: Participaram 44 pacientes: 21 (47,7%) acima de 60 anos, 29 (65,9%) do sexo feminino, 28 (63,6%) não casados, 36 (81,8%) morando com familiares; 23 (52,3%) internados na clínica médica, 39 (88,6%) relataram internações anteriores, 20 (45,5%) apresentaram doença cardíaca, câncer ou diabetes, 37 (84,1%) com comorbidades, 40 (90,9%) com medicações de uso contínuo, 24 (54,5%) tabagistas e 18 (40,9%) etilistas. Foram elegíveis pela Palliative Care Screening Tool, 95,5% dos participantes para cuidados paliativos e 4,5% ficaram em observação clínica. Conclusão:O estudo verificou que a maioria dos participantes deste estudo, acometidos por doenças crônicas e internados no hospital, foi indicado como elegíveis para os cuidados paliativos, segundo a escala Palliative Care Screnning Tool.
A robust multiplex immunofluorescence and digital pathology workflow for the characterisation of the tumour immune microenvironment
Authors: Viratham Pulsawatdi Amélie , Craig Stephanie G. , Bingham Victoria , McCombe Kris , Humphries Matthew P. , Senevirathne Seedevi , Richman Susan D. , Quirke Phil , Campo Leticia , Domingo Enric , Maughan Timothy S. , James Jacqueline A. , Salto‐Tellez Manuel
Published: July 2020

Multiplex immunofluorescence is a powerful tool for the simultaneous detection of tissue‐based biomarkers, revolutionising traditional immunohistochemistry. The Opal methodology allows up to eight biomarkers to be measured concomitantly without cross‐reactivity, permitting identification of different cell populations within the tumour microenvironment. In this study, we aimed to validate a multiplex immunofluorescence workflow in two complementary multiplex panels and evaluate the tumour immune microenvironment in colorectal cancer (CRC) formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissue. We stained CRC and tonsil samples using Opal multiplex immunofluorescence on a Leica BOND RX immunostainer. We then acquired images on an Akoya Vectra Polaris and performed multispectral unmixing using inform. Antibody panels were validated on tissue microarray sections containing cores from six normal tissue types, using qupath for image analysis. Comparisons between chromogenic immunohistochemistry and multiplex immunofluorescence on consecutive sections from the same tissue microarray showed significant correlation (rs > 0.9, P‐value < 0.0001), validating both panels. We identified many factors that influenced the quality of the acquired fluorescent images, including biomarker co‐expression, staining order, Opal‐antibody pairing, sample thickness, multispectral unmixing and biomarker detection order during image analysis. Overall, we report the optimisation and validation of a multiplex immunofluorescence process, from staining to image analysis, ensuring assay robustness. Our multiplex immunofluorescence protocols permit the accurate detection of multiple immune markers in various tissue types, using a workflow that enables rapid processing of samples, above and beyond previous workflows.
Paraclostridium
Authors: Rai Anusha , Ramana Ch V. , Uppada Jagadeeshwari , Sasikala Ch
Published: July 2020

Pa.ra.clos.tri'di.um. Gr. prep.paranext to, resembling; N.L. neut. n.Clostridiuma bacterial genus; N.L. neut. n.Paraclostridiumnext toClostridium.

Firmicutes / Clostridia / Clostridiales / Peptostreptococcaceae / Paraclostridium

Cells are Gram‐stain‐positive and rod shaped. Obligate anaerobes thriving in the mesophilic conditions belonging to the classClostridiaand familyPeptostreptococcaceae. Cells are motile and reproduce by binary fission. Members produce endospores. Catalase‐ and oxidase‐negative. Metabolic activities such as indole and H2S production, starch and gelatin hydrolysis, and nitrate reduction may vary within species. Cells grow on a number of organic substrates even without the supplementation of growth factors and NaCl. C16:0is the major fatty acid, with C18:0, C18:1ω7c, C17:0, C16:1ω9c, andiso‐C16:0being the minor fatty acids. The DNA G + C content is 28–29.3 mol%. Cells contain diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, and unidentified amino lipids majorly as the polar lipids. Two species have been validly published under this genus namely,Paraclostridium bifermentansandParaclostridium benzoelyticum. Mostly isolated from soil samples, marine habitats, polluted waters, clinical specimen such as wounds, blood, and ulcers and occasionally from humans intestinal microbiota.P. bifermentansis a rare cause of infection in humans which can be fatal. Antimicrobial compounds are produced.

DNA G + C content (mol%): 28–29.3.

Type species:Paraclostridium bifermentans(Weinberg and Séguin 1918) Sasi Jyothsna et al. 2016 (basonym:Clostridium bifermentansWeinberg and Séguin 1918 (Approved Lists 1980).
Atomic Layer Deposition of Vanadium Oxide as Hole‐Selective Contact for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Authors: Yang Xinbo , Xu Hang , Liu Wenzhu , Bi Qunyu , Xu Lujia , Kang Jingxuan , Hedhili Mohamed N. , Sun Baoquan , Zhang Xiaohong , De Wolf Stefaan
Published: July 2020

High carrier recombination loss at the contact regions has become the dominant factor limiting the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of crystalline silicon (c‐Si) solar cells. Dopant‐free carrier‐selective contacts are being intensively developed to overcome this challenge. In this work, vanadium oxide (VOx) deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) is investigated and optimized as a potential hole‐selective contact for c‐Si solar cells. ALD VOx films are demonstrated to simultaneously offer a good surface passivation and an acceptable contact resistivity (ρc) on c‐Si, achieving a best contact recombination current density (J0) of ≈40 fA cm−2 and a minimum ρc of ≈95 mΩ.cm2. Combined with a high work function of 6.0 eV, ALD VOx films are proven to be an effective hole‐selective contact on c‐Si. By the implementation of hole‐selective VOx contact, the state‐of‐the‐art PCE of 21.6% on n‐type c‐Si solar cells with a high stability is demonstarted. These results demonstrate the high potential of ALD VOx as a stable hole‐transport layer for photovoltaic devices, with applications beyond c‐Si, such as perovskite and organic solar cells.
Photorelease of Pyridines Using a Metal‐Free Photoremovable Protecting Group
Authors: Tang Xiao‐Jun , Wu Yayun , Zhao Rong , Kou Xiaolong , Dong Zaizai , Zhou Wei , Zhang Zhen , Tan Weihong , Fang Xiaohong
Published: July 2020

The photorelease of bioactive molecules has emerged as a valuable tool in biochemistry. Nevertheless, many important bioactive molecules, such as pyridine derivatives, cannot benefit from currently available organic photoremovable protecting groups (PPGs). We found that the inefficient photorelease of pyridines is attributed to intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer (PET) from PPGs to pyridinium ions. To alleviate PET, we rationally designed a strategy to drive the excited state of PPG from S1 to T1 with a heavy atom, and synthesized a new PPG by substitution of the H atom at the 3‐position of 7‐dietheylamino‐coumarin‐4‐methyl (DEACM) with Br or I. This resulted in an improved photolytic efficiency of the pyridinium ion by hundreds‐fold in aqueous solution. The PPG can be applied to various pyridine derivatives. The successful photorelease of a microtubule inhibitor, indibulin, in living cells was demonstrated for the potential application of this strategy in biochemical research.
[C^N]‐Alkenyl Gold(III) Complexes by Proximal Ring‐Opening of (2‐Pyridyl)alkylidenecyclopropanes: Mechanistic Insights
Authors: González Jorge A. , Verdugo Felipe , Mascareñas José Luis , López Fernando , Nevado Cristina
Published: July 2020

Pyridine‐substituted alkylidenecyclopropanes (Py‐ACPs) react with gold(III) salts under mild reaction conditions through an unprecedented, proximal ring‐opening pathway, to generate highly appealing, catalytically active pyridine alkenyl [C^N]‐gold(III) species. Mechanistic studies reveal that the activation of the C−C bond of the ACP takes place through an unusual concerted, σ‐bond metathesis type‐process.
Photoinduced Specific Acylation of Phenolic Hydroxy Groups with Aldehydes
Authors: Kawasaki Tairin , Ishida Naoki , Murakami Masahiro
Published: July 2020

A convenient method is reported to specifically acylate phenolic hydroxyl groups through a radical pathway. When a mixture of an aldehyde and a phenol in ethyl acetate is irradiated with blue light in the presence of iridium and nickel bromide catalysts at ambient temperature, phenoxyl and acyl radicals are transiently generated in situ and cross‐couple to furnish an ester. Aliphatic hydroxy groups remain untouched under the reaction conditions.
Ambient Chemical Fixation of CO2 Using a Robust Ag27 Cluster‐Based Two‐Dimensional Metal–Organic Framework
Authors: Zhao Meihua , Huang Shan , Fu Qiang , Li Weifeng , Guo Rui , Yao Qingxia , Wang Fenglong , Cui Ping , Tung Chen‐Ho , Sun Di
Published: July 2020

Unprecedented double S2− templated Ag27 clusters have been stabilized by 5,10,15,20‐tetra(4‐pyridyl)porphyrin (TPyP‐H2) ligands to afford a robust 2D metal–organic framework (Ag27‐MOF). This silver cluster‐assembled material serves as a highly efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the cyclization of both terminal and internal propargylamines with CO2 under atmospheric pressure. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations illustrate that the high catalytic activity and broad substrate scope are attributable to the saddle‐shaped metallic node in Ag27‐MOF, which features an accessible platform with high‐density silver atoms as π‐Lewis acid sites for activating C≡C triple bonds. As a result, different sterically hindered alkyne substrates can be effectively activated through π‐interactions with these cationic silver centers.
The Polarization Effect in Surface‐Plasmon‐Induced Photocatalysis on Au/TiO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Gao Yuying , Nie Wei , Zhu Qianhong , Wang Xun , Wang Shengyang , Fan Fengtao , Li Can
Published: July 2020

Controlling the interaction of polarization light with an asymmetric nanostructure such as a metal/semiconductor heterostructure provides opportunities for tuning surface plasmon excitation and near‐field spatial distribution. However, light polarization effects on interfacial charge transport and the photocatalysis of plasmonic metal/semiconductor photocatalysts are unclear. Herein, we reveal the polarization dependence of plasmonic charge separation and spatial distribution in Au/TiO2 nanoparticles under 45° incident light illumination at the single‐particle level using a combination of photon‐irradiated Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and electromagnetic field simulation. We quantitatively uncover the relationship between the local charge density and polarization angle by investigating the polarization‐dependent surface photovoltage (SPV). The plasmon‐induced photocatalytic activity is enhanced when the polarization direction is perpendicular to the Au/TiO2 interface.
Cationic Lipid‐based Intracellular Delivery of Bacterial Effectors for Rewiring Malignant Cell Signaling
Authors: Yang Shaojun , Tang Qiao , Chen Long , Chang Jin , Jiang Tian , Zhao Jingyi , Wang Ming , Chen Peng R.
Published: July 2020

The abundance of bacterial effectors have inspired us to explore their potential in rewiring malignant cell signaling. Their incapability for entering cells, however, hinders such application. Herein we developed a cationic lipid‐based high throughput library screening platform for effective intracellular delivery of bacterial effectors. As the misregulated MAPK signaling is a hallmark of many types of cancer, we turned to the Shigella effector OspF which irreversibly inactivates ERK, the terminal component of MAPK cascade. We created a function‐based screening assay to obtain AMPA‐O16B lipid nanoparticles for effective OspF intracellular delivery, which inhibited the malignant MAPK signaling and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the optimized lipid nanoparticle formulation can deliver OspF to modulate the immunosuppressive responses in macrophages. Our work is a general strategy to explore the therapeutic potentials of naturally evolved bacterial effectors.
Transition metal complexes derived fromN′‐(4‐fluorobenzylidene)‐2‐(quinolin‐2‐yloxy) acetohydrazide: Synthesis, structural characterization, and biocidal evaluation
Authors: El‐saied Fathy A. , Shakdofa Mohamad M.E. , Al‐Hakimi Ahmed N. , Shakdofa Adel M.E.
Published: July 2020

Mononuclear Mn2+and Cu2+, ‐ VO2+, Co2+, Ni2+, ‐ and Zn2+complexes of a synthetic novel hydrazone containing a quinoline moiety were prepared. The composition and structure of the prepared compounds were elucidated by spectral and analytical techniques. The results reveal that all complexes were formed in 1:1 mole ratio except Mn2+and Cu2+complexes (3) and (7), which were formed in 1 M:2 L mole ratio. It was also found that the ligand binds the metal ions via NO donor sites as a monobasic bidentate chelator in all complexes through the enolic carbonyl oxygen and azomethine nitrogen atoms. The electronic absorption spectra and magnetic moment data demonstrated square pyramidal and octahedral geometries for the VO2+and Ni2+complexes, respectively, while the other complexes adopted tetrahedral geometry. The thermal decomposition of the complexes was discussed in relation to structure. The thermal analysis data demonstrated that all complexes were decomposed in one, two, three or four stages starting with the dehydration process, removal of coordination water molecules or elimination of anions and ended with the formation of the metal oxide. The bactericidal activities of the prepared compounds demonstrated that hydrazone (1)exerted a highly inhibitory effect againstB. subtiliswhile VO2+, Co2+, and Cu2+complexes (2), (4), and (7)showed an inhibitory effect againstE. colimore than the tetracycline. Additionally, the inhibitory effect of the prepared compound againstA. nigershowed that the Cu2+complex (6)is the most active while the Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+complexes (5–8)exhibited an extremely inhibitory effect againstC. albicans.
Mechanochemical tuning of molecular weight distribution of styrene homopolymers as postpolymerization modification in solvent‐free solid‐state
Authors: Jimenez‐Francisco Milton , Carrillo Jose Gonzalo , Garcia‐Cerda Luis Alfonso
Published: July 2020

Mechanochemical degradation by planetary ball milling (PM) is used for postpolymerization modification of styrene homopolymers (PS). A complete factorial design was chosen to study the effect of radical scavengers, milling time, initial molecular weight, and revolution radius (Rp), on the shape of molecular weight distributions (MWDs) of PS. Size‐exclusion chromatography analysis shows the feasibility of fine‐tuning MWD of PS at up to 40% conversion. Distributions ranged from unimodal to bimodal in a PM with Rp = 150 mm at different stage of milling, whereas in a PM with Rp of 60.8 mm the adjustment of unimodal distributions is achieved. Initial polydispersity is more important to develop bimodal distributions when compared with initial molecular weight. Fourier transform infrared and X‐ray electron spectrometry analysis show some suppression of PS degradation and complete oxidation inhibition of macromolecular radicals with the incorporation of radical scavengers, which we considered as additional aids when adjusting the MWDs.
A rare complication: Infection in acromegalic renal cysts
Authors: Mori Yuki , Otsuka Yuki , Nakano Yasuhiro , Sakae Hiroyuki , Hasegawa Kou , Otsuka Fumio
Published: July 2020

Renal cysts are detected in one third of acromegaly patients, especially in uncontrolled cases. Clinicians should pay attention to unexpected infection of enlarged renal cysts in acromegaly patients.
Steroid‐induced reconstitution of the biliary tree ravaged by IgG4‐related disease
Authors: Özden İlgin , Poyanlı Arzu , Sanlı Yasemin , Kaymakoğlu Sabahattin
Published: July 2020

The steroid‐induced, rapid healing of the biliary tree ravaged by IgG4‐related disease shows that the point of irreversibility remains to be defined.
Nitrogen‐Incorporated Cobalt Sulfide/Graphene Hybrid Catalysts for Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Tong Yun , Sun Qiong , Chen Pengzuo , Chen Lu , Fei Zhaofu , Dyson Paul J.
Published: July 2020

Water electrolysis is an advanced and sustainable energy conversion technology used to generate H2. However, the low efficiency of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) hampers the overall water‐splitting catalytic performance. Here, a hybrid catalyst was constructed from N‐doped CoS2 nanoparticles on N,S‐co‐doped graphene nanosheets (N−CoS2/G) using a facile method, and the catalyst exhibited excellent bifunctional activity. Introduction of N atoms not only promoted the adsorption of reaction intermediates, but also bridged the CoS2 nanoparticles and graphene to improve electron transfer. Moreover, using thiourea as both N‐ and S‐source ensured synthesis of much smaller‐sized nanoparticles with more surface active sites. Surprisingly, the N−CoS2/G exhibited superior catalytic activity with a low overpotential of 260 mV for the OER and 109 mV for the HER at a current density of 10 mA cm−2. The assembled N−CoS2/G : N−CoS2/G electrolyzer substantially expedited overall water splitting with a voltage requirement of 1.58 V to reach 10 mA cm−2, which is superior to most reported Co‐based bifunctional catalysts and other non‐precious‐metal catalysts. This work provides a new strategy towards advanced bifunctional catalysts for water electrolysis.
Drought conditions alter litter decomposition and nutrient release of litter types in an agroforestry system of China
Authors: Xie Tingting , Shan Lishan , Su Peixi
Published: July 2020

Evaluating how decomposition rates and litter nutrient release of different litter types respond to changes in water conditions is crucial for understanding global carbon and nutrient cycling. However, it is unclear how decreasing water affects litter mixture interactions for the maize–poplar system in arid regions. Here, the responses of the litter decomposition process and litter mixture interactions in the agroforestry system to changes in water conditions (control, light drought, and moderate drought) were tested. Moderate drought significantly decreased the decomposition rate for poplar leaf and mixed litters, and decomposition rate was significantly reduced for maize straw litter in light and moderate drought stress. The mass loss rates of maize straw and mixed litters were significantly higher than that of the poplar leaf litter under drought conditions, but there was no significant difference among the three litter types in the control. There was no interaction between mass loss of the mixed litter in the control and light drought conditions, and the litter mixture interaction showed nonadditive synergistic interactions under moderate drought. In terms of nutrient release, there was also no interaction between litter mixture with nitrogen and carbon, but there was antagonistic interaction with potassium release under the light drought condition. Our results demonstrate that drought conditions can lead to decreasing decomposition rate and strong changes in the litter mixture interactions from additive effects to nonadditive synergistic effects in moderate drought. Moreover, light drought changed the mixture interaction from an additive effect to an antagonistic interaction for potassium release.
Radical‐Triggered Cyclization of Methylthio‐Substituted Alkynones: Synthesis of Diverse 3‐Alkylthiochromones
Authors: Zheng Xiangyun , Zhong Tianshuo , Zhang Lei , Chen Junyu , Chen Zhiwei , Jiang Xinpeng , Yu Chuanming
Published: July 2020

The efficient synthesis of diverse 3‐alkylthiochromone species through radical‐triggered cyclization of methylthio‐substituted alkynones is reported. This metal‐free protocol is compatible with a wide variety of radical donors under mild conditions, thus enabling the synthesis of various 3‐alkylthiochromones.
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Ducks and the Relationship with Concentrations in Water, Sediment, and Soil
Authors: Sharp Simon , Sardiña Paula , Metzeling Leon , McKenzie Rob , Leahy Paul , Menkhorst Peter , Hinwood Andrea
Published: July 2020

The present study examined the occurrence and concentration of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) measured in game ducks (13 compounds), water, sediment, and soils (33 compounds) in waterways in Victoria, Australia. The study aimed to identify potential ecological and human health risks from measured PFAS concentrations. Four species of duck and samples of water, sediment, and soil were collected from 19 wetlands, which were chosen based on their popularity as hunting locations. The risks posed by 3 PFAS (perfluorooctanoic acid, perfluorohexane sulfonic acid [PFHxS], and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid [PFOS]) to the environment and human health were assessed using available national ecological and human health guidelines. A diverse range of short- and long-chain carboxylic and sulfonic acids were found in the environment and in ducks. Concentrations were generally low and varied between wetlands, duck species, tissue analyzed (breast or liver), and environmental compartment (water, sediment, soil). Higher PFOS concentrations in water and sediments were observed at wetlands near sources of contamination (i.e., a defense base or urban environment). Elevated PFOS and PFOS + PFHxS concentrations in ducks were observed near local point sources but also at wetlands with no known point sources of contamination. There were clear differences in PFAS concentrations detected in duck tissues versus the environment, highlighting complexities of bioaccumulation, movement of animals, and spatiotemporal variation and raising questions about the relevance of using abiotic criteria to assess risk to biota. Human health risk assessment showed that only ducks inhabiting wetlands near local sources of PFAS were likely to pose a risk to consumers. Further studies are required to improve our knowledge of PFAS toxicokinetics and chronic impacts in biota to guide management decisions. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:846–858. © 2020 SETAC
A comparative study of Saudi Arabia and Bulgarian Rose oil chemical profile: The effect of the technology and geographic origin
Authors: Dobreva Anna , Getchovska Kamelia , Nedeltcheva‐Antonova Daniela
Published: July 2020

The chemical composition and aroma profile of seven Rosa damascena Mill. essential oil samples from Saudi Arabia (Al‐Shafa, Al‐Hada and Al‐Taif area) were studied in details by means of gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC‐FID). As a result, more than 120 compounds, containing C3‐C27 carbon atoms, mainly mono‐ and sesquiterpenoids, were identified by GC/MS. Fifty‐two components with concentration >0.01%, which represents 97.5%‐99.5% of the total detected compounds, were quantified by means of GC‐FID. The main compounds of essential oil samples from Saudi Arabia are as follows: citronellol (19.64%‐28.13%), geraniol (18.29%‐27.23%), nerol (7.02%‐14.27%), linalool (2.93%‐7.55%), β‐phenylethyl alcohol (1.77%‐3.87%) and n‐paraffins (13.53%‐30.85%). An olfactory evaluation of the samples was performed, as well. A sample of Bulgarian Rosa damascena Mill. distilled rose oil was analysed in addition, and its chemical profile and olfactive characteristics were compared to these of the oils from Saudi Arabia. The results for the chemical composition of the rose oil samples allowed revealing the similarity between the samples by using cluster analysis. The Saudi Arabia rose oils, despite do not fully comply with the ISO 9842:2003 standard for rose oil, reveal a high olfactive potential.
Induction chemotherapy for locally advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer: Single institution experience
Authors: Dagan Or , Moore Assaf , Nachalon Yuval , Alkan Uri , Biadsee Ameen , Shochat Isaac , Popovtzer Aron
Published: July 2020

Background

The role of induction chemotherapy (IC) in locally‐advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LAHNSCC) is unclear.

Methods

A retrospective study of 104 patients with LAHNSCC of the larynx and hypopharynx, treated with IC or up‐front chemoradiotherapy (CRT).

Results

Eighty patients received CRT and 24 IC followed by CRT; median follow up was 51.33 months. IC significantly improved median overall survival (OS) in the hypopharyngeal cancer group (64.7 vs 21 months, P = .003); with significant difference in the proportion of complete response at first imaging assessment post definitive CRT; no significant difference in disease free survival (DFS), loco‐regional or distant failure in the hypopharyngeal cancer group; or OS and DFS in the laryngeal cancer group. Patients with laryngeal cancer had significantly better median OS than those with hypopharyngeal cancer.

Conclusions

IC significantly improved complete response rates after CRT, and improved outcomes for patients with locally advanced hypopharyngeal, not laryngeal, cancers.
Retracted: A kinase‐interacting protein 1 may serve as a potential biomarker for deteriorative tumor features and poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients
Authors: Lin Rongbo , Zhao Shen , Su Liyu , Chen Xiaohui , Xu Chunwei , He Qinliang , Zhuo Changhua , Ye Yunbin
Published: July 2020

Objective

This study aimed to explore the association of A kinase‐interacting protein 1 (AKIP1) expression with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis in gastric cancer patients.

Methods

Data of 260 gastric cancer patients were retrospectively reviewed. AKIP1 expression in tumor tissue and non‐cancerous tissue specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry and semi‐quantitatively scored according to the staining intensity and density. Moreover, the clinicopathological features were retrieved, and disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated.

Results

A kinase‐interacting protein 1 expression was increased in tumor tissues compared with non‐cancerous tissues (P < .001). In terms of tumor features, tumor AKIP1 high expression correlated with elevated T stage (P < .001) and raised TNM stage (P = .042), while did not correlate with pathological grade (P > .999), tumor size (P = .060), N stage (P = .180), or tumor location (P > .999). Meanwhile, tumor AKIP1 was not associated with the non‐tumor features either. Kaplan‐Meier curves disclosed that AKIP1 high expression patients had shorter DFS (P = .004) and OS (P = .043) compared with AKIP1 low expression patients. Univariate Cox's regression showed that AKIP1 high expression correlated with shorter DFS (P = .005, hazard ratio [HR] = 1.635) and OS (P = .046, HR = 1.519), whereas multivariate Cox's regression displayed that AKIP1 did not independently predict worse DFS (P = .172, HR = 1.276) or shorter OS (P = .433, HR = 1.183).

Conclusion

A kinase‐interacting protein 1 may serve as a potential biomarker for deteriorative tumor features and poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients.
High‐power, short‐duration ablation during Box isolation for atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kumagai Koichiro , Toyama Hideko
Published: July 2020

Background

It has been demonstrated that a high‐power, short‐duration (HPSD) ablation during pulmonary vein (PV) isolation is effective and safe. However, studies about the HPSD ablation during the posterior wall isolation, the Box isolation (BOXI), are limited. We evaluated the efficacy, feasibility, and safety of HPSD ablation during BOXI.

Methods

One‐hundred sixty patients with all types of atrial fibrillation underwent BOXI with HPSD ablation (n = 80) or conventional technique (n = 80). In the HPSD group, ablation was performed with 50 W and a target lesion size index of 5.0 using a contact force (CF) sensing catheter. Ablation near the esophagus was performed with 50 W for 5 seconds and a CF < 10 g. In the conventional group, ablation was performed with 30‐40 W for 30 seconds, but 20 W near the esophagus.

Results

The BOXI creation (26 ± 8 minutes vs 47 ± 17 minutes, P < .0001) and procedure (65 ± 12 minutes vs 87 ± 23 minutes, P < .0001) times were significantly shorter in the HPSD group than the conventional group. The number of pacing capture sites did not differ between the two groups. No complications including gastrointestinal symptoms occurred. The atrial tachyarrhythmia‐free rate at 12‐months after a single procedure was 86.3% in the HPSD group and 76.3% in the conventional group, respectively (P = .132). The incidence of PV reconnections and gaps in the lines during the second procedure did not differ between the two groups.

Conclusion

The BOXI with HPSD ablation is effective, feasible, and safe with short BOXI creation and procedure times without reducing the clinical outcomes.
Recent Advances in Femtosecond Laser Processing of LiNbO3 Crystals for Photonic Applications
Authors: Zhang Bin , Wang Lei , Chen Feng
Published: July 2020

Femtosecond laser pulses have been extensively employed to achieve 3D micro‐ and nanofabrication in various materials for a broad variety of applications. LiNbO3 crystal is a multifunctional material due to its combination of a number of excellent properties. By using femtosecond laser direct writing, various structures have been fabricated in LiNbO3 crystals based on the refractive index changes, surface morphology modifications, or domain structures to realize intriguing applications in integrated photonics. Herein, a state‐of‐the‐art review is provided on the femtosecond laser processing of LiNbO3 crystals, including the fabrication of diverse photonic structures and applications in nonlinear optics. To conclude, a brief outlook with a few potential spotlights is presented.
ASPEN Report on Nutrition Support Practice Processes With COVID‐19: The First Response
Authors: Wells Mulherin Diana , Walker Renee , Holcombe Beverly , Guenter Peggi
Published: July 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has changed nutrition care processes in hospitals and in the home setting. This paper summarizes clinician reports on these changed processes, including overall nutrition care, nutrition assessment, enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition care steps, and food and oral supplement delivery. Also included are teaching, logistics, and personnel issues around changes in the work environment. Use of safe, standardized, evidence‐based processes in the face of altered care patterns is critical.
A posteriori error estimation for numerical model reduction in computational homogenization of porous media
Authors: Ekre Fredrik , Larsson Fredrik , Runesson Kenneth , Jänicke Ralf
Published: July 2020

Numerical model reduction is adopted for solving the microscale problem that arizes from computational homogenization of a model problem of porous media with displacement and pressure as unknown fields. A reduced basis is obtained for the pressure field using (i) spectral decomposition (SD) and (ii) proper orthogonal decomposition (POD). This strategy has been used in previous work—the main contribution of this article is the extension with an a posteriori estimator for assessing the error in (i) energy norm and in (ii) a given quantity of interest. The error estimator builds on previous work by the authors; the novelty presented in this article is the generalization of the estimator to a coupled problem, and, more importantly, to accommodate the estimator for a POD basis rather than the SD basis. Guaranteed, fully computable and low‐cost bounds are derived and the performance of the error estimates is demonstrated via numerical results.