bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanistic Insights into Tanshinone IIA in the Amelioration of Post-Thyroidectomy Hypoparathyroidism
Authors: Qian Xiaoyu , Li Lin , Chen Liang , Shen Chao , Tang Jian
Published: February 2024

Background: Thyroidectomy causes impaired blood supply to the parathyroid glands, which leads to hypoparathyroidism. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is helpful in blood activation and cardiovascular protection. Therefore, the efficacy of Tan IIA in improving hypoparathyroidism was explored in this study.

Methods: New Zealand white rabbits were utilized to establish a unilateral parathyroid gland ischemia injury model. The model was created by selectively ligating the main blood supply vessel of one parathyroid gland, and the rabbits were then divided into three groups receiving 1, 5, and 10 mg/kg of Tan IIA. Serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were measured using specialized assay kits. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the microvessel density (MVD) in parathyroid glands. Western blotting (WB) was used to analyze protein expression related to the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and the pathway-associated HIF-1α and VEGF. Moreover, MMP-2 and MMP-9 involved in angiogenesis were detected by WB.

Results: Tan IIA treatment effectively restored serum calcium and PTH levels in a dose-dependent manner. Notably, MVD in the parathyroid glands increased significantly, especially at higher doses. The Tan IIA treatment also elevated the p-PI3K/PI3K and p-AKT/AKT ratios, indicating that the PI3K/AKT pathway was reactivated. Moreover, Tan IIA significantly restored the decreased expression levels of VEGF and HIF-1α caused by parathyroid surgery. Additionally, Tan IIA increased MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels.

Conclusion: Tan IIA activates the PI3K/AKT pathway, promotes angiogenesis by modulating VEGF, HIF-1α, MMP-2, and MMP-9, thereby further enhancing MVD within the parathyroid glands. This study demonstrates that Tan IIA improved post-thyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism.
An Empirical Investigation of Engineering Students' Attitute Towards Sports and Physical Education, Cultural Activities and Stress Management
Authors:   MCA Dept., Vidya Pratishthan's Institute of Information Technology (VIIT), Baramati, Maharashtra., Parakh Dr. Santosh , Nalwade Dr. Yuvraj
Published: February 2024

Abstract: This study gives an empirical perspective regarding engineering students towards sports and physical education, cultural activities and stress management. This research examines various motives for participation and non-participation in various activities. College students involved in lot of stress due to academic work, competition, daily hassles, parental expectations etc. Total sample of 270 respondents who were pursuing Bachelor of Engineering was selected. The students chosen for the study were from departments of Electronics and Telecommunication (E&TC), Computer Science (CSE), Mechanical Engineering (ME), Information Technology (IT) and Electrical Engineering (EE). Chi-square testing was used to taste the stated hypothesis in Research Methodology. This research concludes that students perusing engineering are actively involved in various activities because they are aware of benefit of active participation in sports, physical education and cultural events. At the same time they are also aware about stress management and what are most important causing factors of stress. Result of Hypothesis testing proves that Stress Management is directly proportional to EducationalPerformance & Parental Expectation. Sports activities found significant impact on Physical Fitness whereas participation in cultural events if directly related to Stress Management. Keywords: Stress Management, Physical Education, Cultural Events wellbeing, Sports Events, Mental health.
An Excel/VBA Teaching-Learning Solution of Velocity Triangle Analysis of Hydraulic Turbines
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Advanced Engineering, UPES Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India, 248007., Karn Ashish , Mahawar Rohit ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Advanced Engineering, UPES Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India, 248007., Dwivedi Priyanshu ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Advanced Engineering, UPES Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India, 248007., Agarwal Raghav ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Advanced Engineering, UPES Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India, 248007.
Published: February 2024

Abstract :This study reports an investigation into the use of computational techniques applied to selected Turbo machinery problems. Students in their third year of a B.S./ B.Tech in Mechanical Engineering program often focus on this topic. As a result of being exposed to an overwhelming quantity of hypothetical ideas, loads of recipes, and references from information handbooks, students sometimes become overwhelmed during lessons on Turbomachinery. An intuitive learning scenario, such as a computerized setting, can be useful in some circumstances. Thus, computer-based exercises are essential to improve dynamic learning. This study will present an alternate technique of demonstrating the turbo machinery analysis using Excel/VBA. The classroom isn't the only setting where a powerful computer application can alter the way subjects are learned and homework is completed. Both students and teachers can benefit from the introduction of this technology. Students will benefit from having this tool available because it will eliminate the need for lengthy calculations and allow them to easily observe the effects of changing values on various variables, thereby improving their understanding of the subject matter and increasingtheir interest in and enthusiasm for studying it. Further, it will aid educators in conveying a variety of turbomachinery ideas to their students. In addition, students can use these resources in the project's design phase. This program can do more than just solve the equations; it can also tell you how the various parameters influence the forces. This means that students can complete as many calculations as they need with the touch of a button, without the risk of making a mistake or growing bored with the process. Keywords : Computational tool; engineering tool; Excel/VBA; innovative pedagogy; turbomachinery tool.
Impact of Multiple Entry & Exit System on Future Engineering Education in India – Theoretical Perspectives
Authors:   Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering & Technology, Chittoor, AP - India., Damodaram A.K. , Reddy L.Venkateswara ,   Professor, Department of Computer Sci. & Engg., KG Reddy College of Engineering & Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India., Babu U. Ravindra ,   Assistant Professor, Department of English, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College (Autonomous), Tirupati, AP, India., Babu M. Mohan ,   Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering & Technology, Chittoor, AP, India.
Published: February 2024

Abstract : Impact of Multiple Entry & Exit System on Future Engineering Education in India – Theoretical Perspectives Being aware that the Indian education system is undergoing a comprehensive transformation because of the implementation of the third major National Education policy-2020, a third major educational policy. Higher education, in particular, engineering education is not an exception to this. As a major policy envisage, the Multiple Entry & Exit (MEE) system is being implemented in higher education expected to have a significant impact on engineering education in India. The MEE gives emphasis on authorizing 'academic flexibility' to the student in the choice of subjects for the programs that lead to an award of a certificate, diploma & degree, and 'academic pathways' that allow the student to exit and rejoin the program at later stages without losing credits gained for the courses already completed. Thepolicy envisions expected to transform the future higher education system, including engineering education, especially permitting the student to exit the program at the end of the first, second, or subsequent year of the program of the study, and rejoin at later stages either within the same engineering institution or other engineering institutions allowing seamless student mobility between or within the engineering institutions. Through a system of credit recognition by the statutory bodies, credits accumulation through an academic bank of credits (ABC), transfer of credits across the engineering institutions, and redemption of the credits to recommend an award of certificates, diplomas, degrees, 'MEE' system will be a gamechanger in engineering education. The article discusses the policy focus on the 'MEE' and its impact on future engineering education in India. Key Words: H i g her e du ca t i on; E du cat i o n transformations, Multiple Entry & Exit; Education Policy.
Digital Transformation in University Education at Dong Thap University: An Overview
Authors:   Head of the Dong Thap University, Thong Ho Van , Ngoc Luong Thai ,   Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics Teacher Education, Dong Thap University
Published: February 2024

Abstract : Nowadays, University education in Vietnam is faced with opportunities and challenges that need to be modified to chase up the development of the region and the world. The covid-19 epidemic has altered the form and training organization system at many universities in Vietnam, Dong Thap university (DThU) is not an exception. To keep up with the development tendency of the modern education system, digital transformation is an urgent mission that contributes to enhancing the effic iency and quality of education. This essay will present a view on digital transformation in education at DThU. From actual research, articles that analyze advantages and adversities as well as propose a digital transformation paradigm at DThU to improve training efficiency, and upgrade education productivity in Vietnam and other countries in the region. Keywords : Digital Transformation, The Covid-19 Epidemic, University Education, University Management.
Computational Technology Based Biology Project For Remote Learning During Covid-19 Crisis
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology,Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education,Krishnankoil, Asraf S. Sheik
Published: February 2024

Abstract: In the many months following the C o r o n a v i r u s f l a r e - u p , a l a r g e n u m b e r o f Biotechnology Engineering students throughout the world are compelled to switch over from conventional lab based learning to computational technology based learning. This uncommon interchange enormously affected the method of learning project courses. Specifically, biological science projects which require the students and staff to work in the actual lab was affected. B. Tech. Biotechnology students and a staff f r o m o u r i n s t i t u t i o n u t i l i z e d p r e s e n t d a y computational bioinformatics tool, data sets and programming to study an issue identified as betalactam resistance in a bacterium. The students utilized accessible present day computational tool, data sets and virtual products to complete the project work. This technique for doing the final year B. Tech. project has brought about the consummation of the course effectively. This procedure of utilization of freelyavailable computational tool, information databases and programming software will benefit the students worldwide to complete project based engineering courses effectively. Keywords: in silico, project, workstation, COVID- 19, bioinformatics
Contextual Emotion Detection of E-Learners for Recommendation System
Authors:   MIT Art, Design & Technology University, School of ENTC, MIT Academy of Engineering, Pune, India, Kasliwal Prabha S. , Gunjan Dr. Reena ,   Dept of Computer Science Engg, MIT Art, Design & Technology University, Pune, India, Shete Dr. Virendra ,   Dept of ENTC, MIT Art, Design & Technology University, Pune, India
Published: February 2024

Abstract : In the recent pandemic times, there was an impactful transformation in imparting education which required everyone to become online learners. There has been an exponential growth in the number of e-learners attending classes online and taking MOOCs courses. This has opened an avenue for research to analyze the emotion of e-learners through reviews of students to evaluate the learning outcomes and performance of the course. Most challenging task is to find the exact pulse of the e-learners’ emotions from the huge data of the e-learners reviews. The reviews on all online platforms are mostly textual and this qualitative data needs to be quantified for analysis. There is a necessity to propose contextual emotion detection of e-learners by extracting the relevant information which can be correlated to the performance of the course on e-learning platform. Further, it can be a recommendation system to the aspiring e-learners to make decision based on thesatisfaction index of previous e-learners. This paper leverages deep learning techniques to train various models for academic emotion detection using dataset E-Learners Academic Reviews (ELAR) prepared from online textual feedback of e-learners and MOOCs course reviews. The Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) transfer learning model used to detect the emotions outperformed the other models. This proposed method using ELAR dataset is a novel approach to identify the right emotion of e-learners from the course reviews available on e-learning platform. The results were discussed with a benchmark of ISEAR (International Survey on Emotion Antecedents and Reactions) and GoEmotion Dataset. Keywords : Academic emotions; Digital natives; Deep learning; E-learners; Textual emotions
Vision of Engineering Education System with Balance Economic Growth of India
Authors:   Thakur college of Engineering and Technology, Mumbai, Maharashtra ,India, Nikum Karuna
Published: February 2024

Abstract— This paper focuses on the journey of engineering education to flourish the India’s economic growth. To know the role of engineering education towards the contribution of nation’s economic growth, the meaning of true engineering education must be understood. The engineering student’s life includes three phases in his/her education journey; i) education, ii) employment and iii) society welfare. At the world level, engineering education is the most preferred career option. At present India produces 15 lakh engineers for 1 trillion economies whereas United State (US) produces 1 lakh engineers for 16 trillion economies. The difference is the engineers of US is skill oriented from day one while India’s engineers are not industry ready due to lack of skill and required 6 month or 1 year training after the course completion. So, the quantity and quality of engineers produced by India is not adequate to keep the pace with the world. In the new world technologies changes very fast so as engineering education from 1.0 to 4.0 and now education 5.0 more focuses on rehumanizing approaches with machine and technologies. The paper also emphasis different era of industry, society, education revolution with respect to engineering education to compete with globalized world. Keywords— engineering education, economic growth employment, society welfare, rehumanizing approaches, education 1.0 to 4.0, education 5.0.
STUDENT PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT: FOSTERING CRITICAL THINKING AMONG STUDENTS
Authors:   Principal, Thakur College of Engineering and Technology, Mumbai, India, Mishra B.K. , Jolly Lochan ,   Professor, Electronic and Telecommunications Department Thakur College of Engineering and Technology, Mumbai, India, Bahuguna Rajni ,   Assistant Professor, H&S Department, Thakur College of Engineering and Technology, Mumbai, India
Published: February 2024

Abstract— Student Professional Development is defined as the activities that enable to supplement and complement the curricular or main syllabi activities. These are the very important part and parcel of educational institutions to develop the students‟ personality as well as to strengthen the classroom learning directly or indirectly. Professional development (PD) can be defined in diverse ways and can take many forms. Formal education is classroom education, with nonformal considered as “any organized, systematic, educational activity, carried on outside the framework of the formal system, to provide selected types of learning to a particular subgroup in the population. A problem higher education faculty face is the lack of a framework for holistic student professional development and assessment. Such a framework can serve as a bridge between academic and professional identity development This article presents the framework planned in the institute for professional development of students where the students learn by Informal education by association and affiliation, specifically, “the life-long process by which every person acquires and accumulates knowledge, skills, attitudes, and insights from daily experiences and exposure to the environment. The idea is to facilitate an academic mixed with co-curricular and extra co-curricular culture so that they can participate as effectively . Our mixed-methods study examined the impact of many activities leadership, classroom experiences, and sociocultural levels; the findings inspire new directions for program design with key insights for student PD program evaluation. Keywords— Keywords: Educational change, impact evaluation, professional development,
Lab in Bag for Higher and Technical Education
Authors:   Electronics and Telecommunication Thakur College of Engineering and Technology Mumbai, INDIA, Jolly Lochan , Kaulgud Sukruti ,   Electronics and Telecommunication Thakur College of Engineering and Technology Mumbai, INDIA, Mishra B. K. ,   Electronics and Telecommunication Thakur College of Engineering and Technology Mumbai, INDIA
Published: February 2024

Abstract— In order to generate future entrepreneurs capable of resolving challenges with the use of technology, institutions must implement programs that foster students' holistic development. To facilitate holistic development of students, NEP 2020 emphasizes on collaboration, communication, research, problem solving, critical thinking, and creativity skills that students need to be successful in today's world. NEP 2020 suggests to introduce blended learning environment which shows students the scientific method that can be applied to everyday life with emphasis on more practical oriented education unlike traditional science and math education. Students will become solution providers if they spend time in laboratories for experimentation and research. According to the current situation, higher and technical education curriculum provide limited time for practical work, and even if a student wishes to work extra during free periods, there are few resources available during working hours because there are very few labs and they are occupied with the regular curriculum conduct. Due to these limitations, students have fewer number of opportunities to discover solutions for real-world issues and applications. Access to the laboratory and laboratory equipment beyond working hours is the need of the hour. This is the reason for developing “Lab in Bag” to provide learning environment beyond working hours. Through these laboratory equipment’s, students will have access to a variety of hardware devices at home to explore and expand their knowledge. This will develop innovation and creativity in them. This philosophy can be achieved with the advantages of miniaturized and low-cost equipment and facilities. The focus of “Lab in Bag” is technical subjects involving hardware Experiments. The expected outcome of this setup is that it will provide students with a flexible platform which gives them opportunities to learn using reliable and economical setups. To measure performance of the “Lab in Bag” devices, experimentation is done using traditional equipment and equipment provided in Lab in Bag. This study explains that results with 0.002% error margin can be achieved with 30MHz-2Channel Oscilloscope and Digital Oscilloscope for Analog and Devices Electronics experiments. It further establishes positive correlation of flexibility, connectivity and reliability with usability. Positive correlation of these parameters shows that students are highly interested in using “Lab in Bag” for continuing research and innovation. Keywords—Innovation, “Lab in Bag”, experimentation, Analytical Study, Statistical Analysis, Correlation.
Deconstructing Spanish prefixation
Authors: Fábregas Antonio
Published: February 2024

In this article, I argue that Spanish has three distinct classes of prefixes according to their grammatical category: relational, adjectival and quantifier prefixes. The first are truncated prepositional structures that act as modifiers of any lexical category; the second are truncated adjectival structures that can only modify nouns, and the third are quantifiers that bind a variable, require combination with two predicates at a low syntactic level and only pick nominal categories. I show that each class displays a different set of empirical properties with respect to recursivity and category change, among other aspects of their behaviour, and provide a syntactic and semantic analysis of the structures that they produce.
Against semantic features: the view from derivational affixes
Authors: Panagiotidis Phoevos
Published: February 2024

This paper builds a systematic argument against the existence of semantic features, although these would in principle conform with the understanding of features in Chomsky (1995) as instructions to the interfaces, to the Conceptual-Intentional Interface in this case. I first lay out their superfluous character as well as their redundancy in separationist / realisational approaches, and in non-lexicalist models of grammar, more generally. Under the assumption that lexical meaning in natural language is mediated by grammatical structure containing roots, (purely) semantic features would inevitably be restricted to “non-lexical” elements only, i.e. those derivational affixes that encode rich conceptual content. This makes the positing of semantic features methodologically suspect and, ultimately, redundant.Accordingly, the rich content of derivational affixes, which can involve pretty much any nominal concept (as in Acquaviva 2009) from ‘profession’, ’tree’, and ‘place’ to body parts, will be argued not to be encoded in terms of semantic features. On the contrary, this paper makes the case for derivational affixes not belonging to a unitary syntactic category, with some derivational affixes actually being roots interpreted in particular structural contexts, as has been argued already since De Belder (2011). The chapter closes by offering a taxonomy of the elements that grammar manipulates and sketches the division of labour between root structures and formal features.
Climate Change and Climate Technologies: Public Perceptions and Communication Challenges
Authors: Bertka Constance M.
Published: February 2024

Numerous survey studies reveal insight into the public’s attitudes about climate change. These indicate that the majority of people around the world, including in the United States, do not deny that climate change is happening, but a smaller majority believe human activity is either partially or mostly to blame. In the United States, peoples’ attitudes about climate change are politically polarized, leading some science communicators to suggest appealing to identity-affirming cultural meanings when discussing climate change. Studying the public’s attitudes about climate technologies, or geoengineering, is a growing field. Most people have never heard of geoengineering or know very little about it. The topic is not yet politically polarized, creating an opportunity to encourage responsible societal discussions about the risks and benefits of climate intervention technologies. Given the possibility that every tenth or hundredth of a degree of warming avoided can matter in terms of the magnitude of climate impacts, these discussions are vital.
DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIMONOPOLY LEGISLATION IN THE CIS COUNTRIES
Authors:   National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Baiguttieva Shirin
Published: February 2024

The article provides a brief analysis of the stages of formation of antimonopoly legislation in the CIS countries on the example of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Belarus, the Kyrgyz Republic and the Russian Federation. The main tasks of legal regulation of entrepreneurial activity in the conditions of a market economy are highlighted. The article shows the similarity and peculiarities of approaches to solving the problems of development and protection of economic competition in the above-mentioned states, which are reflected in the adopted laws and other legislative acts. It is shown that the antitrust prohibitions formulated in the laws are based on the norms of the Constitution and the Civil Code. The expediency of making changes and additions to the antimonopoly legislation in accordance with the real state of the competitive environment in the economic sphere of this state is shown.
FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN THE COURSE OF TEACHING PRACTICE
Authors:   Kyrgyz State University named after I. Arabaev, Abdraeva Nazgul , Nurkulova Maryipa ,   Kyrgyz State University named after I. Arabaev
Published: February 2024

Pedagogical practice contributes to the development of the versatile qualities of a university graduate and the implementation of a competence-based approach in teaching. Changing modern educational goals, the competence-based approach sets new guidelines for the content and results of education. In the educational process of the university, the primary task is not the formation of certain knowledge, abilities and skills, but the integration of knowledge and practice as the basis of the graduate's ability to use the knowledge and experience acquired during training in solving professional problems. Pedagogical practice orients future teachers towards pedagogical activity and provides the function of a link between the theoretical knowledge gained during the assimilation of the university educational program and the practical activity of introducing this knowledge into the educational process. When choosing teaching methods, it is important to take into account the specifics of pedagogical practice: along with mastering theoretical knowledge, skills and abilities, it is important to teach students the practical actions necessary for high-quality and highly productive performance of professional duties and to develop the ability to independently acquire and creatively apply professional knowledge. This specificity of the formation of professional competencies within the framework of practice requires a combination of all types of teaching methods: reproductive, problem-search, research, simulation methods and methods of practical training. The basic principles of guiding students' activities in practice include the principles of an individual approach, a combination of pedagogical leadership with the development of independence and initiative of students, the principle of feedback.
ETHNO-ORIENTED TEXTBOOK: FROM THE EXPERIENCE OF WORKING ON THE TEACHING AID IN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE. FOR HUMANITIES FACULTIES OF UNIVERSITIES OF KYRGYZSTAN
Authors:   Bishkek Humanities University named after K. Karasaev, Doolotalieva Gulaym
Published: February 2024

The relevance of this article is due to the conditions associated with changes in the higher education system in the republic and the role of the Russian language as a means of intercultural communication. The article discusses the author's experience of creating an ethno-oriented textbook for students of 1-2 courses of humanitarian faculties of universities, as well as colleges. The methodological apparatus of the manual is represented by a system of exercises and tasks aimed at developing the speech culture of Kyrgyz students on the basis of national-regional material. Most of the tasks are interactive, all of them are as close as possible to the conditions of real communication. Ethno-oriented material in teaching Russian as a non-native language makes it possible to organize personalized teaching, as it brings foreign language communication closer to the personal experience of Kyrgyz students using information and facts that occur in everyday life in their verbal communication.
A STUDY OF THE MATHEMATICAL LITERACY OF 15-YEAR-OLD STUDENTS IN BISHKEK STUDYING ONLINE IN THE CONTEXT OF PISA INTERNATIONAL STUDIES
Authors:   Kyrgyz Academy of Sciences, Mamytov Abakir , Kamchieva Asel ,   Kyrgyz Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2024

The article reflects the concept of mathematical literacy, analyzes the characteristics of PISA research topics for 2000-2024 in the context of the international PISA research. The results of a study of mathematical literacy of 15-year-old schoolchildren in Bishkek in the field of online education in the 2020-2021 academic year are presented. A brief statistical analysis of the test items corresponding to the level of reproducibility, productivity and creativity of the educational material is presented. The main gaps in the formation of mathematical literacy are identified, which can lead to a decrease in the quality of students' preparation for the international survey PISA-2025, and recommendations are given to improve the situation.
RELEVANCE OF ARTISTIC DETAILS IN KYRGYZ PROSE
Authors:   International Kuwait University, Bilbaeva Gulzada
Published: February 2024

The actual problem of studying the evolution of art of artistic detail in Kyrgyz prose, which plays an important ideological and aesthetic role in the creation of the artistic world. The researcher gives a chronological overview of the study of artistic detail in Kyrgyz literary criticism, touches upon the issue of the formation and development of professional Kyrgyz literature, its originality and features, the interaction of Russian and Kyrgyz literature over the past centuries. Based on the analysis of the works of Russian and Kyrgyz prose writers, the researcher presents the most striking artistic details that carry a certain semantic and emotional load, proving what significant function it performs in the artist's creative laboratory. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the approach of studying artistic details by Kyrgyz writers from the point of view of genre originality, methodology of their use, revealing their important ideological and aesthetic role in a literary work.
ACTUAL MEMBERSHIP ON THE JOINT OF PARADIGM
Authors:   Baku State University, Mamedova Ellada
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of actual division in the Azerbaijani and Japanese languages. It is suggested that specific studies of actual division in world languages can successfully use the methodology of systemic-structural and cognitive linguistics. Contrary to popular belief, the capabilities of these two paradigms complement each other. It is argued that the invariant of actual division is a structure independent of speech conditions. In speech, there is a variation in stress on the components that directly make up. The structure itself is of a casual nature and resembles a keyboard, the game on which is of a speech nature and depends on the communicative intentions of the speakers. In the Azerbaijani language, the structure of actual division is more rigid, in Japanese - freer. The prospect of speech development in the Azerbaijani language is covered by an invariant scheme, in Japanese it is less predictable, therefore, in Japanese linguistics considerable attention is paid to the topic, its composition and means of expression. In this case, the bump, as a rule, does not become the object of close attention.
IMPACT OF EPIDEMIOLOGICAL RESTRICTION CONDITIONS ON ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING
Authors:   Jalal-Abad State University named after B.Osmonov, Malabaeva Gulsara
Published: February 2024

The paper describes actuality for creating an educational environment during the period of epidemiological restrictions. It tells about the difficult situation in which the entire faculty of higher educational institutions found themselves. The differences between real online teaching and teaching that was organized in connection with the pandemic (Covid 19) in the country and in the world are established. The possibilities of digital resources for creating distance learning at universities are described. The paper gives recommendations on the organization of teaching English remotely. The features of the influence of the conditions of epidemiological restrictions on learning in general are stated.
ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE JOINT PROBLEM OF HEAT AND MOISTURE TRANSFER IN SOILS
Authors:   Kyrgyz National Agrarian University named after K.I. Skryabin, Sagyndykova Rahat , Kurbanaliev Abdikerim ,   Osh State University, Ainura Dyikanova ,   Kyrgyz National Agrarian University named after K.I. Skryabin, Zhusupova Gulnara ,   Kyrgyz National Agrarian University named after K.I. Skryabin
Published: February 2024

The paper shows the mechanism of the effect of moisture on thermal processes. On the basis of mathematical models of the motion of two equations of heat and moisture, the problems of their joint movement in the soil are theoretically solved. Mathematical models of heat and moisture propagation are developed, depending on the nature and with the internal features of the soil, the specifics of heat and moisture exchange in the soil. Heat and moisture exchange processes are intertwined, crossed with each other and represent a single energy act of heat and mass transfer. Such a generalized approach when covering the issues of heat and moisture exchange in soils seems to be the most promising, reflecting the real nature of natural processes that occur organically together for both substances of heat and moisture. A mathematical model of uniform soil moisture with the lowest losses is theoretically justified, a system of a mathematical model of heat and moisture transfer is developed, and its approximate analytical solutions for various physical and mechanical properties of the soil are obtained.
Effects of 970 nm diode laser irradiation on morphology, proliferation, and differentiation of gingival mesenchymal stem cells
Authors:   Centro de Investigación e innovación Biomédica (CIIB), Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile., Ortiz Javiera , Matamala Fernando ,   Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de la Frontera Temuco, Chile., Andrade Catherine ,   Centro de Investigación e innovación Biomédica (CIIB), Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile., Gutierrez David ,   Facultad de Odontología. Grupo de Investigación en Innovación Bucal, Universidad Antonio Nariño, sede Popayán, Colombia., Inostroza Carolina ,   Centro de Investigación e innovación Biomédica (CIIB), Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.
Published: February 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the morphology, proliferation, and differentiation of gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) irradiated with a 970 nm Diode Laser (LLLT). It is essential to validate the efficacy of treatment, optimize irradiation conditions and guarantee the safety and quality of stem cells for future use in dental applications. Materials and Methods: GMSCs were cultured in standard conditions and irradiated with a Diode laser (970 nm, 0.5W) with an energy density of 9J/cm2. Cell proliferation was assessed with the WST-1 proliferation kit. GMSCs were differentiated into chondrogenic and osteogenic lineages. Cell morphology was performed with Hematoxylin/eosin staining, and quantitative nuclear analysis was done. Cell viability was monitored with trypan blue testing. Results: GMSCs subjected to irradiation demonstrated a significant increase in proliferation at 72 hours compared to the non-irradiated controls (p=0.027). This indicates that the 970 nm diode laser has a stimulatory effect on the proliferation of GMSCs. LLLT-stimulated GMSCs exhibited the ability to differentiate into chondrogenic and osteogenic lineages. A substantial decrease in cell viability was observed 24 hours after irradiation (p=0.024). However, after 48 hours, the cell viability recovered without any significant differences. This indicates that there might be a temporary negative impact on cell viability immediately following irradiation, but the cells were able to recover and regain their viability over time. Conclusions: This study support that irradiation with a 970 nm diode laser could stimulate the proliferation of GMSCs, maintain their ability to differentiate into chondrogenic and osteogenic lineages, and has minimal impact on the mor- phological characteristics of the cells. These results support the potential use of NIR Lasers in combination with GMSCs as a promising strategy for dental treatments. Keywords: Photobiomodulation; semiconductor lasers; Mesenchymal stem cells; Gingiva; Cell Proliferation; Safety.
Relationship between the occlusal plane and three different levels of ala-tragus line in a sample of Sudanese adults
Authors:   Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan., Ahmed Mayada , Ismail Ibrahim ,   Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Published: February 2024

Aim: Correct orientation of the occlusal plane plays a vital role in achieving the perfect occlusal balance and function of complete dentures. This study aimed to evaluate the most reliable posterior reference point of the ala-tragus line (ATL) concerning occlusal plane (OP) in a sample of the dentate Sudanese population. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 subjects with healthy and well-aligned permanent teeth were randomly selected. Right lateral profile photographs were taken with subjects having a fox plane placed intra-orally, contacting the occlusal plane. Reference points corresponding to inferior, middle, and superior borders of the tragus and inferior border of the ala of the nose were marked on photographs. The angles between the lines were measured using the Auto-CAD software program, and the most parallel relationship was determined. Descriptive statistics in terms of means and standard deviations were presented. Independent t-test and one-way ANOVA tests were used to compare as appropriate. A p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean angle formed by the OP and ATL was 8.5±3.69º for the superior level, 4.68±3.13º for the middle line, and 2.89±2.57º for the inferior line. A significant difference was found between the means of the three angles (p< 0.001), while no significant difference (p> 0.05) was found between both genders regarding the measured angles. Conclusions: The line joining the inferior border of the ala of the nose with the inferior border of the tragus of the ear was the most reliable line in terms of parallelism to determine the occlusal plane orientation. Keywords: Occlusal plane; Denture, complete; Prosthodontics; Anatomic landmarks; Cephalometry; Sudan.
Bond strength of composite resin/universal adhesive to dentin submitted to radiotherapy
Authors:   Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil., De Goes Paiola Fabiana , Souza-Gabriel Aline Evangelista ,   Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil., Leite Paschoini Vitoria ,   Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil., Mussolino de Queiroz Alexandra ,   Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil., Miranda Cruz-Filho Antônio ,   Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
Published: February 2024

Aim: To evaluate the bond strength of a universal adhesive system to dentin submitted to radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: Sixty extracted human teeth were divided into two groups (n = 30): without radiotherapy (control); with radiotherapy, according to the adhesive protocol (n=15): ER-etch-and-rinse (acid + Single Bond Uni-versal); SE-self-etch (Single Bond Universal). The analyzes were shear bond strength (SBS) (n=10), failure pattern (n=10) and scanning electron microscopy (n=5). Data was analyzed by a two-way ANOVA (α =0.05). Results: The radiotherapy decreased SBS of the restorative material to dentin (p<0.0001). The ER protocol provided lower bond strength values (p<0.001). The predominant type of fracture without radiotherapy was mixed (SE), cohesive to the material (ER). Both protocols presented adhesive failures with radiotherapy. Teeth had a hybrid layer and long resin tags (without radiotherapy) and few tags (with radiotherapy). Conclusions: The SE adhesive mode favors the shear bond strength of resin to dentin in teeth submitted to radiotherapy. Keywords: Dental Cements; Adhesives; Dental bonding; Self-curing of dental Resins; radiation treatment; Dentin.
Issues of Assessing the Constitutionality of Transitional Normative Regulation (Based on the Practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation)
Authors: Petrov Aleksei
Published: February 2024

The article analyzes the practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation on the issues of checking the constitutionality of transitional legal norms. These issues have not previously been the subject of a special study. Meanwhile, the establishment of transitional regulation is a widely used technique in rule-making activities. Its significance lies in ensuring the stability of the position of participants in the relevant legal relations in the context of changes in legal regulation, when the risks associated with legal uncertainty objectively increase. The Constitutional Court considers the requirement of legal certainty as one of the manifestations of the principle of the rule of law, which is the basis for assessing the constitutionality of both normative regulation in general and transitional normative provisions in particular. At the same time, an analysis of the practice of judicial constitutional normative control makes it possible to identify the legal opinions of the Constitutional Court, which formulate specific criteria for assessing the constitutionality of transitional regulation. In particular, the fundamental importance is emphasized – including in the context of the reform of the Constitution of the Russian Federation in 2020 – of the legal opinion of the Constitutional Court, according to which, when changing the legal regulation, the principle of maintaining citizens› trust in the law and the actions of the state must be observed, which implies, among other things, the inadmissibility making arbitrary changes to the existing system of norms. The need to continue the study of the issue of the criteria for resolving by the Constitutional Court of issues of compliance with the Constitution of transitional legal norms is emphasized. The task of developing an appropriate methodology seems to be very relevant given the widespread practice of establishing transitional norms as part of the intensive updating of legal regulation in the country.
Topical Issues of Appealing Against Illegal Actions and Decisiona of Officials and Courts
Authors: Bufetova Mariam , Choban Maria
Published: February 2024

The authors study the institute of appeal in Russian criminal procedure legislation. Currently, the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation provides several mechanisms of implementing the right to defense stipulated by the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Since the actions and decisions of officials and courts have a direct impact on the constitutional status of a person involved in criminal proceedings, it is necessary to evaluate the implementation of the existing legal mechanisms by studying the court practice and law enforcement decisions. The authors focus on the existing mechanisms of appealing and their effectiveness, and also suggest other approaches to forming the law enforcement practice in this aspect of criminal procedure activities for the participants of criminal court proceedings who appeal against illegal actions of officials and courts. They also substantiate the thesis about the necessity for the proper work of agencies that consider appeals and offer examples of court practice in this sphere.
The Scientific Heritage of Professor A.A. Protasevich in Criminalistic Science
Authors: Foygel Elena , Smirnova Irina , Maksimov Mikhail
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the creative and scientific contribution of Doctor of Law, Professor Alexander Alekseevich Protasevich to the development of forensic science, the improvement of its conceptual provisions, as well as the development of legal education in Eastern Siberia. The authors analyze his main scientific works. In particular, the evaluation is given to the dissertation research for «the degree of Candidate of Legal Sciences, carried out on the topic «Methods of investigation of multi-episode self-serving violent crimes against the person» under the scientific supervision of Professor G.G. Zuikova. The article notes that Professor Protasevich did not ignore such issues as modeling and reconstruction of the investigated event, forensic recognition, questions of the theory of forensic diagnostics, which together is directly related to the general theory of criminology. At the same time, Alexander Alekseevich's contribution to the development of the fundamental foundations of criminology is also known. The article describes his reasoning about the object and methods of preliminary investigation, about the study of the method of reverse causal effect, which is to be used in all cases of crimes that have caused harmful material consequences and is technologically expressed in the establishment of signs (circumstances) characterizing the temporal, spatial and other parameters of the incident, then the nearest cause of the incident is found out, and after — the main (from a legal point of view) reason that caused the possibility of an immediate cause and the resulting consequences (incident). Through the analysis of scientific publications of Professor A.A. Protasevich, the article describes the creative path that led the scientist to research in the field of establishing a serial criminal, which was embodied in the dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Law in the specialty 12.00.09 — criminal procedure; criminalistics; theory of operational investigative activity in the form of a scientific report on the topic «Problems of the subject and means of solving serial crimes involving violence». In conclusion, an assessment of the author's scientific developments in the field of forensic profiling, the construction of search and psychological portraits, methods of investigation of serial violent crimes against the individual and tactics of individual investigative actions and operational search measures is given. The authors come to the conclusion that it is necessary to develop the ideas and concepts of A.A. Protasevich and the active implementation of his work in the practice of detection, investigation and disclosure of crimes.
The Supremacy of the Prosecutor in the Criminal Procedure-Legal Organization of Crime Counteraction
Authors: Levchenko Oleg
Published: February 2024

Using historical-theoretical regularities as an important factor for the development of law, the author analyzes the position of the prosecutor in the current state-legal organization of crime counteraction, as well as in the criminal process system and pre-trial proceedings. Special attention is paid to new ideas regarding criminal law impact as a procedural derivative of the text of criminal law. The thesis of the necessity to strengthen the procedural legal status of the prosecutor and to remove the artificial separation between the prosecutorial and the investigative powers is proven. Bringing an indictment and proving it in pre-trial proceedings should be transferred to the jurisdiction of the party for the prosecution in the court proceedings, so that it could fully perform these functions at the trial stages and thus ensure just and fair law enforcement and criminal law impact on crime.