bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beater-knife cutting devices of forage harvesting machines and ways for their improvement
Authors: Kuzmenko Volodymyr , Kholodyuk Oleksandr , Kotov Borys , Bratishko Viacheslav
Published: July 2024

One of the main technological operations in the harvesting of stem fodder is harvesting with simultaneous chopping. Modern round balers, bale balers, and pickup trolleys are equipped with a beater-knife cutting apparatus. They are based on a rotating beater (a pipe with fingers fixed to it) and a number of knives installed in the channel, along which the fingers of the beater move in a rotational motion. In the process of developing the design of such a cutting apparatus, the beater has evolved from an analogue of a scraper-finger conveyor, a rotor with a controlled rake, into a rotor with a tubular shaft and fixed curved fingers radial to its base. The problem with such cutting machines is a significant increase in friction forces on the side surfaces of the knives with an increase in their number. The increase in the number of knives is caused by the need to reduce the length of the raw material to be cut. The research is aimed at determining the design features of the beater-knife cutting units of forage harvesters, the directions of their improvement by replacing the passive knife with an active disc knife and experimentally determining the effect of the circular speed of the knives on fuel consumption. The monographic method was used in the research. This made it possible to systematize the main design parameters of the beater-knife cutting machine, identify the main works carried out in the study of similar designs, and propose a technical solution that can significantly reduce the friction forces that occur on the side surface of the knives. By varying the distance between the knives of the prototype cutting machine, the weighted average cutting length of the resulting raw material was determined. The results obtained made it possible to determine the ratio between the dimensions of the cutting device (which are in the range of: length – 1120-2000 mm, diameter - 415-880 mm, minimum cutting length – 22-25 mm), experimentally confirm the performance of the cutting device with disc knives, establish the dependence of fuel consumption for picking up, cutting and feeding alfalfa on the circular speed of disc knives, and determine the minimum fuel consumption, which is 0.74 kg·h-1.
Drying dynamics of differently prepared fresh cranberries and blueberries using IR drying
Authors: Aboltins Aivars , Palabinskis Janis
Published: July 2024

Cranberries (Oxycoccus palustris) and blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum) are berries rich in polyphenols known to promote health in various ways as a diuretic, to prevent cancer, to improve the function of the cardiovascular system and digestive tract. Containing a relatively large amount of vitamin C, they can significantly enhance the effects of antibiotics. One method of long-term preservation is to dry them. Drying conditions also have a significant effect on product quality. As the berry skin inhibits the removal of moisture, it is necessary to find a simple and convenient way to prepare the berries to speed up the drying process in low-heated air. An IR beam dryer with a drying temperature of 41 °C was chosen as an experimental device. The moisture output of whole berries and needled pierced berries was compared. The results of the experiment showed that the moisture removal of whole berries is linear, which means that the skin of the berries plays an important role. The slope was k = 17.7·10-3 (change in weight (g) in relation to drying time (min)). The pierced cranberries showed an exponential dynamics of moisture removal. This means that the holes in the casing play a very important role in drying the berries faster. After 22 hours of drying, moisture from pierced cranberries was removed almost 3 times more than from whole berries (64.4% vs. 26.5%). Blueberries have a similar situation, but they dry faster because their skin is thinner.
Effects of part coordinate system appointment on cmm measurement
Authors: Mazur Tomasz
Published: July 2024

Accurate measurement of the components before assembly, as well as the spare parts for agricultural machines, is a crucial issue for the correct and failureless machinery work. In the paper, measurement with Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMMs) is discussed from the perspective of accuracy affected by the part coordinate system appointment. In general, the CMM procedure consists of determining the spatial coordinates of measurement points on the surface of a measured object, and then via certain calculations, the best-fitting geometrical elements are ascribed to the probing points either in the CMM coordinate system or in the coordinates of the measured object. From these elements, dimensions of the measured part are derived with certain accuracy. In the experiments, a contact measurement was completed with a stylus equipped with a ball tip maintaining the same distance between its centre and the measured surface in all directions. There are many sources of uncertainty in CMM measurement, but the errors introduced during determination of the Part Coordinate System (PCS) affect all the subsequent measurement results obtained from respective chains of calculations. Thus, the study is devoted to the uncertainty reduction through the analysis of PCS appointment accuracy. Experimental measurements were performed using CMM Mitutoyo Crysta-Apex C7106 and the standard gage blocks. Theoretically, accurate identification of the probing points should provide accurate determination of the PCS coordinates X, Y, and Z. However, when measuring such an accurate object as a gage block, the results appeared to be dependent on the measurement method. In the experiments, four methods were tested. Dependent on the measurement strategy, PCS appointment method and particular settings of the measurement parameters, the Part Coordinate System generated different errors from negligibly small ones up to 10 μm.
Construction features of potato harvesters and their influence on damage to potato tubers during harvesting
Authors: Achkevych Vasyl , Onyshchenko Borys , Gumeniuk Iurii , Achkevych Oksana
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the design features of potato harvesting machines and their influence on the quality of potatoes during mechanized harvesting. Harvesting and processing potatoes can cause physical damage to the tubers and cause economic losses to producers. Damaged tubers increase the risk of diseases and crop loss during storage, increase labour costs for sorting, and reduce the quality and value of stored tubers. The design features of potato harvesters and their influence on the quality of the obtained crop are analysed. An algorithm for determining the critical points of potato damage when passing through a combine is proposed. It was established that parameters such as the soil moisture, ambient temperature, and potato variety have less influence on damage to potato tubers. It was established that the percentage of injury to potatoes largely depends on the settings of the potato harvester and the speed of the harvester. A comparison of potato harvesters GRIMME SE 150-60 and AVR Esprit showed that non-compliance with technological settings increases damage to potato tubers by up to 27%. Increasing the speed of the unit above the specified standards increases the percentage of injuries from 7 to 11%. After correction for the reduction of the rotation speed of the rollers and technical clearances, the injury rate decreased from 16% to 11% under the same conditions. Reducing the speed of the unit to the established standards minimizes the percentage of damage. In general, any potato harvester, with the correct technological settings and compliance with all requirements, can ensure the process of harvesting potatoes with minimal losses.
Wheat straw and seaweed Furcellaria lumbricalis - derived carrageenan biocomposite characteristics: case study
Authors: Zaimis Uldis , Ozolina Sintija , Kukuskins Andrejs
Published: July 2024

This study provides an in-depth analysis of the properties of a novel biocomposite synthesized from wheat straw and carrageenan obtained from the seaweed Furcellaria lumbricalis. Mainly focusing on the evaluation of the properties of this biocomposite, the study explores its possible applications in the field of biodegradable products. The combination of wheat straw and carrageenan is not only an environmentally friendly and sustainable alternative but also takes advantage of the unique properties of these natural materials. The investigation includes a comprehensive examination of the biocomposite structural, mechanical, and biodegradation properties, including moisture and UV effects. The structural integrity and mechanical strength of the material are evaluated to ensure its suitability for various applications. In addition, biodegradability properties are scrutinized to assess environmental impact and potential contribution to sustainability. The results of this study provide valuable insight into the promising applications of wheat straw and carrageenan biocomposite in the development of environmentally friendly products. As the world increasingly looks for sustainable alternatives, this research contributes to the development of the field of green materials. The use of abundant and renewable resources in biocomposite synthesis complies with circular economy principles and environmental responsibility. In conclusion, wheat straw and Furcellaria lumbricalis-derived carrageenan biocomposite is a promising candidate for use in biodegradable products, showing their potential to promote development of sustainable materials. A comprehensive study of its properties is the basis for further research and application in various industries committed to environmental stewardship.
On homework role in mathematics teaching at Riga Technical university
Authors: Budkina Natalja , Dubkevicha Gerda , Pola Aija
Published: July 2024

The debate about homework effectiveness as a learning tool has continued for more than a century. There are many papers about homework effect on the learning process of schoolchildren. The aim of this article is to analyse the role of homework in the process of mathematics teaching at universities on the basis of the authors’ experience working with students from three faculties of the Riga Technical University. The report includes a description of the system of homework assignments and their weight in the evaluation of students in mathematics courses. Some types of homework are mandatory for first-year students in all mathematics courses regardless of level, number of hours, or topics included in the course. The authors of the paper review the advantages and disadvantages of these types of homework. The influence of homework on student knowledge and skills is analysed in the article. Two similar surveys about the role of homework in the mathematics teaching-learning process were conducted for groups of students of different specialities of RTU before and after the COVID period (at the beginning of 2020 and the end of 2023). The results of these surveys are also analysed in this paper from two perspectives: to understand the role of homework in the teaching process and to analyse the influence of the online study period during COVID-19 on the completion of homework assignments by students. The report also includes a discussion of using ChatGPT in homework. The conclusion of the necessity of homework is mainly driven by the analysis of the surveys and the detected correlation between the students’ homework results and results in the tests and exams.
Research on oversized load packaging
Authors: Valetskyi Bohdan , Tolstushko Mykola , Tolstushko Nataliya , Fedorus Yurii
Published: July 2024

Modern packaging is rapidly developing in all industries. The development of packaging in agriculture, processing, and construction industries is intensive due to a significant share of large-sized cargo (styrofoam plates, rolls of mineral wool, fuel briquettes from agricultural and forest biomass, etc.). Therefore, the urgent task is to create equipment for high-quality packaging of large cargoes. During the large-size packaging process, the stretched film is welded. One of the problems is the need to tighten the package with a film, to ensure the density and strength of the welds, which will withstand the stretching of the film after sealing the formed package. The design of such machines is specific because it includes both the mechanisms of forming the package and the mechanisms of wrapping it with a film followed by welding. A model of the process of welding polymer films with a thickness of 25-200 μm was built, which describes the dependence of the quality indicators of the packaging on the technological modes - the temperature of the heater, the duration of welding, and the pressure during welding. The welding contact pressure depends on the viscosity of the packaging material and its softening temperature, and it is greater for a higher viscosity of the material. It should be noted that pressure affects the strength of welds at low heater temperatures and short heating durations. At the heater temperatures of 250 - 290°С, the pressure practically does not affect the strength of the welds. Analysis of the deformation properties of the films shows that the amount of tensile stress for these films in packaging equipment should not exceed 10-12 MPa. Deformation of 5-7% for polyethylene films is completely reversible, if this threshold is exceeded, the film package will lose its shape. A new roller mechanism for welding and cooling the film is described. An experimental setup has been developed for researching the process of packing large cargoes. The dependence of the quality of the welding seam of the packaging film on the temperature and force of its welding, as well as on the duration of heating and cooling of the seam, was determined experimentally.
Use of shredded textile waste as material for sound absorption
Authors: Siltumens Kristaps , Grinfelde Inga , Znots Ginters , Golubovs Rudolfs , Brencis Raitis
Published: July 2024

The issue of textile waste is a global concern, and Latvia, like many other countries, faces challenges related to the generation and management of textile waste. The textile industry is one of the largest contributors to environmental pollution, and the following points highlight the textile waste problem both in Latvia and on a global scale. Shredded textile waste, with its fibrous and porous composition, proves to be an excellent candidate for sound dampening materials. The irregular shapes and fine fibres inherent in shredded textiles create a structure that effectively absorbs sound waves, diminishing echoes and reducing overall noise levels. This inherent sound-absorbing property makes shredded textile waste an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional soundproofing materials. In addition to its acoustic benefits, the utilization of textile waste in sound dampening aligns with the principles of waste reduction and circular economy. The aim of this study is to develop a material with a good sound absorption capacity using textile waste. The textile used in the study was procured from a waste management firm located in North Vidzeme, Latvia. This company specializes in gathering uncontaminated textile waste from local residents. Shredding of textile waste was carried out using industrial shredding equipment. The particle size of the obtained textile fraction was 2X2 cm. Experiments with textile waste started in January 2024 in a laboratory. The created plates were tested for acoustic properties in the laboratory. The maximum sound absorption coefficient of the material obtained was 0.95 at a frequency of 4000 Hz. This is better than for synthetic mineral wool and slightly lower than for rock wool.
Development of low temperature trap for capturing valuable biological active materials
Authors: Kravchenko Sergey , Kravchenko Natalia , Kuleshov Nikolay , Laptinov Igor , Kravchenko Andrey , Panova Daria
Published: July 2024

Producers and processors of agricultural raw materials are faced with the task of increasing the competitiveness of their products and added value. One of the solutions to these problems is to increase the depth of processing raw materials by agricultural producers or primary processors to obtain valuable products with high added value that are in demand in the markets for the production of final products (in pharmaceuticals, perfume and cosmetics industry, ready-made food production, etc.). In the process of obtaining valuable products of agricultural raw materials there is a need for low-temperature condensation and/or low-temperature adsorption of useful products or intermediate technological substances. Low temperature refrigerated vapour traps with an operating temperature range of -70 °C to -110 °C and below are used for such process operations. In many technological applications, these traps are used in combination with vacuum processes, e.g. in the deposition of vacuum distillation products, which predetermines the requirements for hermetic tightness of the flowing part of such a trap. In recent years, in connection with the struggle to reduce emissions of gases that destroy the ozone layer and contribute to the greenhouse effect, the EU has banned the use of the cheapest and most efficient refrigerants, e.g. R13, which allows to obtain temperatures of about -100 °C using single-stage refrigeration machines. Modern refrigerants on the market, having an order of magnitude higher price, require 2-3 times higher design pressure from the equipment and have a lower cycle efficiency. In this regard, the creation of a low-temperature trap is a complex engineering task associated not only with the design of a multi-stage refrigeration machine, but also with the creation of a control system for the cascades of the refrigeration machine and vacuum pumping equipment, ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the trap and the achievement of the desired low temperature range during its long-term operation. SIA Cryogenic and vacuum systems have created a prototype of this low-temperature trap and is working on creating of processing complexes, included such traps for industrial quantities of processed biomaterials. The article highlights our engineering approaches, calculations and experience in creating a prototype of a low-temperature trap.
Vacuum evaporating machine for liquid products based on flammable solvents
Authors: Kravchenko Sergey , Kravchenko Natalia , Kuleshov Nikolay , Laptinov Igor , Kravchenko Andrey , Panova Daria
Published: July 2024

In various biochemical technologies, it is necessary to isolate useful substances from solutions derived from plant or animal raw materials using flammable solvents such as ethanol, acetone, and toluene, or to concentrate these solutions. The challenge lies in ensuring that the volatile substances, which have low boiling points and are obtained after solvent removal, retain their biological activity without degradation due to high temperatures. To preserve the biological activity of these substances, solvent removal must occur at relatively low temperatures. This requirement can be met by using a vacuum drying machine equipped with a cooling system that allows precise temperature control of the drying solution. This machine substantially differs from traditional sublimation machines, particularly in its vacuum pumping equipment and the design of the vacuum chamber, which are tailored to safely dry flammable materials. Moreover, the machine control system is designed to safely manage the drying process, preemptively addressing potential risks associated with drying solutions derived from animal or plant raw materials. SIA Cryogenic and Vacuum Systems from Ventspils has developed a prototype of an industrial vacuum evaporating machine, which is detailed in this article.
Sun-powered wheels: PV chargers for shared e-scooters to mitigate urban CO2 emissions
Authors: Rubenis Aivars , Adrian Leslie R. , Garkevics Martins
Published: July 2024

Shared scooters have the potential to be environmentally friendly; however, current data demonstrate that shared e-scooters produce additional 239.9 tonnes of CO2 in Riga. The lifespan of the scooters and the operations involved in charging their batteries play a critical role in determining the total net CO2 emissions. Utilizing locally produced photovoltaic (PV) energy to eliminate the need to move scooters (or swappable batteries) for charging by providing continuous charge top-ups, would be a significant step towards sustainability of shared electric scooters. In this study we have analysed the possibility of generating enough energy on-site to provide chargers with PV energy based on data from 3 million scooter trips from the 2021-2022, to determine the energy requirements. Using solar energy data from Riga over the past seven years and a Monte Carlo simulation, the minimum requirements for scooter charging stations were determined to ensure adequate energy provision without grid connection. The analysis demonstrated that using just 0.2 m2 of PV panels combined with energy storage system, it was possible to provide enough solar energy to ensure continuous charging of 98% of electric scooters for most of the season. Still, the solar radiance in Latvia is insufficient to generate enough energy for worst-case scenarios during early springs and late autumns. Despite challenges, introducing this system in Latvia would significantly reduce CO2 emissions. However, PV chargers are best suited for regions with consistent solar energy, such as Portugal and Los Angeles, California, where they can operate smoothly all year round.
Improved and vectorised matlab-based algorithms for serial and parallel implementation of finite element method in linear elasticity
Authors: Tchuigwa Baurice Sylvain Sadjiep , Krmela Jan , Pokorny Jan , Krmelova Vladimira
Published: July 2024

This paper presents two improved algorithms for efficient sequential and parallel implementation of the Finite element method (FEM) for both linear and nonlinear boundary value problems. The proposed algorithms address some weak points, such as the overuse of for-loops and serial computing caused by dependencies in constructing fundamental expressions (global stiffness matrix, mass matrix, global force vector, etc.) resulting from the finite element method. By taking advantage of the concepts of sparse matrix representation, vectorization, and the physical architecture of modern computing resources, the proposed methods are free from mesh partitioning techniques or similar approaches and enable the use of all available CPU cores/threads without synchronization. Moreover, these algorithms are also adapted to deal with meshes involving elements of any order in both 2D and 3D. Two tests from NAFEMS benchmarks are implemented in MATLAB to verify the accuracy and stability of the proposed algorithms in both serial and parallel processing. According to serial and parallel computing results, the proposed algorithms perform better than the standard sparse assembly strategy and behave linearly with the mesh size but at a smaller rate than the latter. In parallel processing, the algorithms are also demonstrated to be accurate and achieve an efficiency of at least 60% in 2D and 70% with two cores/threads when the mesh size is greater than 10,000. Moreover, the simulations revealed that the performance gap between the proposed algorithm and the classical sparse algorithm is more pronounced in 2D than in 3D due to the increase in degrees of freedom.
Efficiency of decentralized heat supply based on traditional heat generators with vapour-compression conversion of energy from low-temperature sources
Authors: Petrash Vitaly , Baryshev Vitaly , Shevchenko Leonid , Geraskina Elina
Published: July 2024

The research is devoted to the solution of the actual problem of increasing the efficiency of combined systems of decentralised heat supply of public buildings and industrial enterprises with characteristic heat generators on the basis of heat-pump energy conversion of preliminary cooling of heat flows of the used heat carrier from the heat network, initial cold water and exhaust gases. The aim of the work was development, analysis and identification of conditions to improve the energy efficiency of the proposed combined system which provides increased generation capacity for decentralised heat supply. The proposed approach allowed solving the problem of improving energy and environmental performance in a two-stage scheme of heat generators with the regulation of the temperature of the used heat carrier to a rational value using the heat pump technology, consistent with the standard temperature schedule. The most important result of the analytical study of the combined decentralised heat supply system is the established generalised dependence for determining the actual conversion factor in the heat pump operation. It makes it possible to qualitatively analyse the dependence of the energy efficiency of the heat supply system on temperature changes of characteristic low-potential sources, the ratio of water flows and their distribution for municipal, domestic and industrial-technological needs. The results of the analytical study of the improved heat supply system create a basis for its development taking into account the characteristic conditions of decentralised heat supply and operating modes of municipal and industrial-technological enterprises.
Perception of masters in electrical engineering of using ChatGPT in ESP learning
Authors: Chaikovska Olha , Bodnar Alla , Spivachuk Valentyna , Zavadska Iryna
Published: July 2024

An essential challenge in ESP learning is the wide variety of skills that must be developed, which range from understanding technical terms, comprehending profession-based texts and writing engineering reports and proposals to the ability to express opinions and technical concepts, give presentations, participate in projects and present research findings. The lack of academic hours for ESP learning in the Masters in Engineering curriculum indicates the need for strategies that assist effective communication in professional contexts and motivation for further ESP self-study. This paper aims to investigate how first-year Masters in Electrical Engineering at the Technical Ukrainian University perceive the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in ESP learning. The research was conducted with a participant group of 48 students from the Department of Engineering and Technology. We designed pre- and post-surveys to measure students’ attitudes towards utilizing ChatGPT in ESP learning. The participants completed the surveys at the beginning and completion of a semester ESP course. We used Excel for graphical data analysis. The findings demonstrate that almost half of the respondents had not used ChatGPT in their previous learning. Those students who had used ChatGPT in previous studies implemented this tool as a generator of relevant information, a translator and a vocabulary acquisition platform. Post-survey results indicate that the students revealed the potential of ChatGPT as a conversational partner, technical writing support, a language feedback tool and as an individual ESP tutor. The respondents believe that a language learning system based on ChatGPT can serve to improve further ESP self-study.
Current Trends of Biohydrogen Production from Biomass – Green Hydrogen
Authors: Glowacki Szymon , Hutsol Taras , Tryhuba Anatolii , Kovalenko Nataliia , Pustova Zoja , Rozkosz Anna , Sukmaniuk Olena
Published: July 2024

The monograph covers current research in the field of using the biohydrogen energy potential as an alternative energy source. The issues of global opportunities for obtaining biohydrogen in Ukraine, the possibility of developing bio-water projects in the domestic and European markets, assessing the risks for investors in biohydrogen, possible environmental and economic aspects, connection with the use of these projects are highlighted. The presented materials are intended for masters, graduate students and scientists involved in the projects related to alternative energy and energy efficiency.
Solo tourists’ preferences and behaviours
Authors: Zawadka Jan , Kolibabska Karolina
Published: July 2024

The article aims to present the phenomenon of solo tourism, to discuss theinspiration, motivation, preferences and behaviours of people practising this type of tourism,as well as to indicate the problems they encountered during such trips. 114 people participatedin the survey. What encouraged respondents to participate in solo tourism was (apart fromexploring the world) the opportunity to plan the trip themselves and adapt it to their needsand preferences. The main destination for the respondents were European countries (includingPoland). Most people stayed in hotels and Airbnb and used planes and cars. The main problemswhen travelling solo were the high prices of meals, accommodation and transport, as well asdifficulties in accessing selected places. Opponents of this form of travel had concerns aboutsafety and preferred the offers of travel agencies.
Community Awareness of Domestic Violence in Arumeru District, Arusha, Tanzania
Authors: Magesa Rehema John ,   Tengeru Institute of Community Development, Tanzania
Published: July 2024

Domestic violence continues to be prominent among many communities worldwide despite different efforts and strategies geared towards eradicating it. Women and girls are among the main victims of this violence. Lack of or limited awareness of the problem perpetuates the problem. However, much of the levels of awareness of the problem are lacking. This study aimed to establish community awareness of domestic violence and the levels of awareness and determine the association between respondents' characteristics and the level of awareness of gender-based violence. The study employed both probability and non-probability sampling techniques to acquire the respondents. One hundred women and men respondents were surveyed using simple random sampling. Data collection tools for this study included a questionnaire and an interview. The research study found that more than half (56.0%) of the total respondents were not aware of domestic violence practices. Twenty-six percent of the respondents had low awareness, 11% had moderate awareness, and only 9% of the respondents had high awareness of domestic violence. After the respondents' awareness levels were determined, the study investigated whether there was an association between the sex, age, and education level of the respondents and their awareness level. The findings showed that it is evident that sex, age, and education level were significant influences on the level of awareness of domestic violence among the respondents. There was an association between sex (ꭓ²=14.07, p<0.007), age ((ꭓ²=27.32, p<0.043) and education ((ꭓ²=34.72, p<0.001) on community awareness of domestic violence. Respondents have limited awareness of domestic violence despite government and stakeholder efforts to combat the violence.
Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia di Rumah Sakit Rujukan Nasional Indonesia: Studi Deskriptif Observasional Lima Tahun
Authors: Anggraini Neni , Anggraini Cecilia , Mahyuddin Mutmainah
Published: July 2024

Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) merupakan tumor ganas konjungtiva tersering dan memiliki tingkat rekurensi tinggi. Studi ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh profil demografis, karakteristik klinis, evaluasi tatalaksana dan tingkat rekurensi pasien OSSN di Jakarta, Indonesia. Studi ini merupakan studi deskriptif retrospektif potong lintang menggunakan data rekam medis pasien terdiagnosis OSSN berdasarkan pemeriksaan histopatologi pada  2015 hingga 2020 di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo Kirana (RSCM), Jakarta, Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2020 hingga April 2021. Prevalensi OSSN selama lima tahun studi sebesar 0,9%. Pada studi ini, 61 pasien OSSN dengan karakteristik mayoritas adalah laki-laki (75,5%) berusia rata-rata 54,8 ± 2,4 tahun dengan faktor risiko paparan sinar matahari (68,4%) dan kebiasaan merokok (71,9%).  Median onset yaitu 4 bulan dengan median durasi kontrol 5 bulan. Tanda klinis tersering adalah massa kemerahan di konjungtiva (44,3%), bersifat unilateral (98,4%), dengan tampilan klinis terbanyak berbentuk papiliformis (57,4%). Konjungtiva bulbi-limbus-kornea merupakan struktur bola mata yang paling sering terlibat (47,5%). Histopatologi tersering adalah squamous cell carcinoma (44,3%) dan conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (44,2%). Tatalaksana terbanyak berturut-turut adalah bedah eksisi luas dengan terapi ajuvan (47,6%), bedah eksisi luas (42%) dan Mitomycin C 0,04% topikal (4,9%). Tumor dengan lebih dari 1 lokasi memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan histopatologi invasif (p=0,013). Tingkat rekurensi didapatkan sebesar 14% dengan median periode rekuren 12 bulan.
Analisis Penyempurnaan Nilai Harmonisa Pada Gardu Traksi Kereta Rel Listrik (KRL) Jalur Pesing – Duri Menggunakan Filter Pasif
Authors: Fernando Yoggi
Published: July 2024

Kereta Rel Listrik (KRL) dalam operasionalnya disuplai tegangan 1500 VDC yang diperoleh dari 20 kV PLN kemudian diturunkan dengan sistem penyearah pada Gardu Traksi KRL. Penyearah yang prinsip kerjanya switching merupakan kategori beban non-linear dapat memproduksi harmonisa yang dapat menyebabkan penuruan kehandalan pada peralatan gardu traksi, selain itu kebutuhan daya reaktif yang berlebih dapat menghasilkan harmonisa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan mengambil data daya termasuk data beban dan kapasitas transformator pada gardu traksi, kemudian dilakukan simulasi untuk mendapatkan nilai harmonisa awal tanpa filter pasif. Hasil pengujian pertama tanpa menggunakan filter pasif pada transformator 20 kV/1,5kV menunjukkan nilai harmonisa sebesar 20,37% hasil tersebut masih sesuai standar, sedangkan harmonisa yang dibutuhkan adalah <5% (sesuai standar IEEE 519-2014) sehingga perlu dilakukan mitigasi perbaikan. Perbaikan dilakukan dengan menambahkan filter pasif high-pass pada bus transformator dan bus beban, hasil pengujian menggunakan filter pasif menunjukan penurunan nilai harmonisa menjadi 3,36%.
Rancang Bangun Alat Ukur Kadar Air Dan Pengering Biji-Bijian Berbasis Mikrokontroller
Authors: Andri Agus Salim  , Endah Fitriani  , Tamsir Ariyadi
Published: July 2024

Alat ukur kadar air dan pengering biji-bijian merupakan alat yang dapat mengukur persentase kadar air pada biji-bijian. Tujuan dari perancangan alat ini adalah untuk mengetahui berapa banyak kandungan air yang terdapat pada biji-bijian, hal ini sangat penting untuk menentukan nilai jual biji-bijian. Kadar air yang baik berdasarkan SNI sebaiknya berkisar 14%. Penentuan kadar air pada umumnya dilakukan dengan menggunakan oven, bagi petani cara ini cukup rumit karena petani harus membawa sampel ke laboratorium, selain itu juga memerlukan biaya yang cukup besar dan waktu yang cukup lama. Oleh karena itu, petani membutuhkan suatu alat yang mampu mengukur kadar air gabah secara real time dan alat pengering gabah yang dapat digunakan terus menerus dan tidak bergantung pada kondisi cuaca. Alat ini terdiri dari heater dan lampu pijar sebagai pemanas udara pada ruang pengering, sensor termokopel sebagai pendeteksi suhu, sensor kelembaban tanah sebagai pendeteksi kelembaban, kipas DC sebagai sumber sirkulasi udara pada kotak pengering. LCD 16x2 sebagai penampil suhu, kelembaban, dan menggunakan Arduino nano sebagai mikrokontroler yang diprogram untuk menjalankan perangkat dan mengatur suhu ruang pengering, persentase kelembaban butiran dirancang maksimal 100%. Apabila persentase kelembaban butiran kurang dari 100% dan lebih dari 14% maka heater, lampu pijar dan kipas DC akan aktif untuk memanaskan ruangan.
Optimizing Health Pattern Recognition: A Fuzzy C-Means and Particle Swarm Optimization Approach for Enhanced Neural Network Performance
Authors:   Ajloun National University, hussein shakah Ghazi , Anwar Assaad Mohammad ,   Cihan University-Erbil
Published: July 2024

Health pattern recognition is vital for advancing personalized healthcare interventions. This research introduces a synergistic approach, combining Fuzzy C-Means clustering with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), to optimize the hyperparameters of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and enhance health pattern recognition. Leveraging key features such as 'Smoker,' 'BMI,' and 'GenHlth,' Fuzzy C-Means reveals distinctive health clusters, providing nuanced insights into diverse health profiles within the dataset. Subsequently, the PSO algorithm systematically optimizes critical ANN hyperparameters, resulting in a significant decrease in the training loss to 0.004. This reduction underscores the effectiveness of the optimization process, indicating improved learning and predictive capabilities of the ANN. The proposed methodology not only refines health pattern recognition but also holds promise for personalized healthcare analytics. The identified clusters offer actionable insights for tailored interventions, addressing specific health profiles within the population. This research contributes to the evolving landscape of healthcare analytics by integrating advanced clustering and optimization techniques, paving the way for more effective and individualized healthcare strategies.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Motorik Halus Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun Melalui Teknik Kolase dengan Media Rainbow Rice di RA Nurul Islam Kabupaten Bungo
Authors: Fatdilah Dwi Nur , Sukendro Sukendro , Rosyadi Akhmad Fikri
Published: July 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan peningkatan motorik halus anak usia 5-6 tahun di RA Nurul Islam Kabupaten Bungo setelah penerapan Tindakan kegiatan kolase melalui media rainbow rice. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan melalui dua siklus yaitu meliputi kegiatan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan atau observasi, dan refleksi. Jenis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan data kuantitatif yang dapat diukur atau dihitung secara langsung dan dinyatakan dalam bentuk angka. Observasi dan dokumentasi merupakan instrumen pengumpul data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini. diperoleh dari hasil observasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, diketahui bahwa kegiatan kolase dengan media rainbow rice dapat meningkatkan kemampuan motorik halus anak. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan dari penilaian siklus kedua sudah mencapai kriteria dari perkembangan yang diharapkan yaitu berkembang sangat baik (BSB) dengan persentase sebesar 85%. Hal tersebut juga dapat dilihat dari anak yang sudah bisa menggunakan jari-jari tangannya untuk menempel rainbow rice menggunakan jarinya sendiri secara baik dan rapi.Kata kunci: motorik halus, kolase, rainbow rice
IMPLEMENTATION OF SOCIOLOGY LEARNING WITH PBL MODEL IN THE INDEPENDENT CURRICULUM AT SMA NEGERI 1 CISARUA WEST BANDUNG REGENCY
Authors: Mulyanti Sri , Ruyadi Yadi , Wilodati Wilodati
Published: July 2024

Sociology subjects are expected to instill the ability to analyze phenomena and solve social problems in students later, but in reality it is considered an unimportant subject and less desirable by students. This is due to the use of learning methods and models that are not varied by teachers in teaching so that student learning interest becomes minimal and ultimately has an impact on students' lack of understanding of sociological material. Problem Based Learning (PBL) is one of the recommended learning models in the independent curriculum, because PBL provides opportunities for students to apply their concepts to real situations. So it requires students to think critically in solving every problem. This study aims to see how the implementation of sociology learning with the PBL model in the independent curriculum at SMA Negeri 1 Cisarua. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Informants are selected by purposive sampling techniques and the key informants are teachers of sociology subjects in class XI, while supporting informants are vice principals for curriculum and grade XI students who take sociology elective subjects. Data analysis is carried out by data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. Then to test the validity of the data, researchers use triangulation of data collection techniques and triangulation of data sources. From the results of the study, it was found that the implementation of sociology learning with the PBL model in the independent curriculum at SMA Negeri 1 Cisarua was the same as when the previous curriculum still followed the syntax of the PBL model that had been conceptually determined, the difference was only in the existence of learning patterns in the independent curriculum such as differentiated learning, essential materials and the existence of the P5 program.
AESTHETICS OF PLAK-PLIENG GRAVESTONE OF LAMURI KINGDOM ACEH: A STUDY ACCORDING TO SUSANNE KNAUTH LANGER'S AESTHETIC CONCEPT
Authors: Rosaguna Rajes Ikhlas , Purba Mauly , Priyatno Agus
Published: July 2024

The Lamuri Kingdom in Aceh has relics in the form of gravestones called "Plak-plieng" stones, which are concrete evidence and records of the history of the kings who were buried with these gravestones. This Plak-plieng gravestone is thought to be a gravestone made by local people during the reign of the Lamuri kingdom with a mixed population who emigrated from outside Aceh at that time. The Lamuri Kingdom was an Acehnese Hindu kingdom that existed in the 4th century, turned into Islam or a sultanate in the 9th century, and lasted until the 15th century. The Plak-plieng gravestone, which is characteristic of the Lamuri royal graves, was rediscovered in 1890. Based on the date written on the gravestone found, the Plak-plieng gravestone dates to the 12th century AD. Thus, the Plak-plieng gravestone was made during the Islamic era, or when Lamuri became an Islamic kingdom. The type of research in this study is research using a descriptive method. The descriptive method is a method used to look for elements, characteristics, and properties of a phenomenon. The method begins with collecting data, analysing the data, and interpreting it. This descriptive research tries to reveal and explain the problems that occur in society, especially the problem of searching for symbolic aesthetics on the Plak-plieng gravestones of the Lamuri kingdom of Aceh. The Plak-plieng gravestone contains various symbolic elements that we can find using Susane K. Langer's theory. The findings of the symbolic aesthetic meaning found are divided into several parts according to Langer's aesthetic theory. On the Plak-plieng gravestones of the Lamuri Kingdom of Aceh, symbolic aesthetics are found as a symbol of art. The implied value of this gravestone gives us an idea of the high artistic value that existed in past societies. In this way, we can see that the level of artistic taste of the people of Aceh in the past was very high. The discovery of the inscription on this gravestone also explains the glory days of a kingdom led by the owner of the gravestone. This day dates back nine hundred years. In this way, we can learn about the value of art in the past through the Acehnese civilisation and how they found materials for making sturdy gravestones and a variety of ornaments that were very complicated and beautiful.
Stakeholders’ Participation in the Creative Economic Development of Cirebon City
Authors: Pusparani Indah Gilang , Kartono Kartono , Hermawan Kurnia Tri , Wibowo Toni Ari
Published: July 2024

This study aims to examine the participation level of stakeholders, identify the dominant stakeholders, and investigate the factors inhibiting stakeholders’ participation in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of creative economic development in Cirebon City. “Creative City” is politically and legally stipulated as the city vision in the regional mid-term development plan 2018-2023 of Cirebon City. As the creative economy is centered around the production, exchanges, and consumption of goods and services from human creativity, Cirebon City is, therefore, a significant case study to investigate how the local government implements participatory processes in developing a creative city.Using qualitative methods, data were collected through a semi-guided interview of 190 respondents from five stakeholders: academics, businesses, communities, government institutions, and media organizations. It was followed by a focus group discussion of 12 key respondents selected purposively from the five stakeholders. With primary and secondary data sources, qualitative data was analyzed through the process of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification.This study concluded that stakeholders' participation in all stages of creative economic development in Cirebon was still minimal. The businesses in culinary subsectors as the most dominant stakeholders in the participation processes. The lack of socialization from the municipal government and the limited collaboration amongst the stakeholders were identified as the inhibiting factors of inclusive participation in creative city development. The government needs to accelerate creative economic development through multisectoral policies, including improvement of business knowledge and skills of the local business actors, goods and services’ quality upgrading and assurance, certification and legal assistance, as well as promotion and market expansion
influencia de la música en el manejo de episodios psicóticos incipientes
Authors: Argudo Palacios Aarón , Sadek El-Shahat Omneia , Gómez Fraguela Xosé Antón
Published: July 2024

El uso de la música como herramienta para abordar diversas necesidades emocionales, cognitivas y sociales es conocido. Aunque su eficacia ha sido comprobada en varios trastornos psicológicos y neurológicos, su potencial en el tratamiento de primeros episodios psicóticos es un área menos explorada. Este estudio se centró en evaluar los efectos terapéuticos de la música en tres jóvenes de 18 y 19 años residentes en Galicia, España, quienes acudieron con sus familias en busca de tratamiento especializado para primeros episodios psicóticos. Participaron en 10 sesiones en donde se utilizó la música como herramienta de intervención, llevada a cabo por un psicólogo clínico. Antes de comenzar la intervención, se realizó una evaluación inicial (pre-test) para cada participante, utilizando los instrumentos estandarizados. Estas mediciones iniciales se utilizaron como punto de referencia para evaluar el impacto de la intervención posteriormente (pos-test). Los resultados demostraron significativas mejorías. Carolina, con antecedentes de pérdida familiar, experimentó reducciones significativas en sus niveles de ansiedad y depresión, medidos a través de las escalas BAI y BDI. Esteban, con un estado de confusión en su vida, mostró una disminución drástica en la escala SANS, que mide síntomas negativos asociados con la psicosis. Carlos, quien enfrenta un entorno familiar problemático, también mostró reducciones en las escalas SANS y SAPS, evaluando síntomas negativos y positivos, respectivamente. Estos hallazgos respaldan la creciente evidencia de la eficacia de la música en el tratamiento de síntomas emocionales y cognitivos, destacando su potencial en el tratamiento de primeros episodios psicóticos. Esta modalidad ofrece un enfoque individualizado y humanizado, que puede ser especialmente útil donde las intervenciones convencionales podrían no ser tan efectivas.