bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Epilepsy Program Procedures With Linear Programming
Authors: Schniederjans Marc J. , Madhavan Deepak , Schniederjans Dara G.
Published: July 2020

The goal of comprehensive epilepsy centers (CECs) is to diagnose and treat individuals with epilepsy and other episodic disorders. To do this, epilepsy specialists rely upon electroencephalographic (EEG) techniques. EEG is a central component of CECs, providing critical information for the diagnosis and management of patients with seizure disorders. Additionally, EEG is a critical revenue generator for epilepsy programs, allowing for sustained growth and expansion programs in most institutions. This study uses a linear programming model to determine optimal allocation of EEG resources within a CEC, specifically considering volumes of inpatient routine EEG, outpatient EEG, and inpatient Video-EEG monitoring. The study demonstrates that the most significant contributor to overall revenue to the program was available EEG technologist hours. This finding suggests that CECs should prioritize programs related to increased EEG technologist training, recruitment, and retention to maintain and expand revenue and procedure volume.
The Rise of Industrial Espionage and How to Prevent It
Authors: Choi Young B. , Wenner Teresa
Published: July 2020

Innovations in digital technology are progressing at an unprecedented rate, and countries and all types of actors are capitalizing on these advancements. Moreover, if first adopters can obtain the digital technology without spending the lengthy time and ample funds for research and development of it, but rather through industrial espionage, this gives countries the potential global advantage without the costs. Included are further details on the rise of industrial espionage, its key issues, and effects on the internet and network security, the applicable hacking attacks and countermeasures, and major predictions and future issues.
The Mind of Sustainability
Authors: Radványi Dalma , Gere Attila , Moskowitz Howard R.
Published: July 2020

The authors introduce the science of Mind Genomics to explore what specific messages drive a person to say they will be interested in sustainability and motivated to do something. The messages are the nature of the message and the venue where the message is received. The experiment mixed messages/elements into small vignettes, presented the vignettes to respondents, and obtained ratings. These ratings were then deconstructed into the contribution of the individual elements to motivate respondents, as well as the degree to which the individual elements engage respondents. The results reveal specific messages that drive interest and motivation, respectively, and uncover two mind-sets, those swayed by feelings versus those swayed by facts. They introduce the personal viewpoint identifier (PVI) to identify these mind-sets and what to say to them.
Designing and Adapting Services to Create Value Outside a Hospital Using Blockchain Architecture
Authors: Tanniru Mohan Rao , Tanniru Robert
Published: July 2020

As healthcare systems develop innovative services to create value for patients outside the hospital or clinical care facility, they face a major challenge. They need a communication architecture to support the sharing of information among the healthcare providers, patients, and external partners to fulfill the value created. The current electronic medical record systems of hospitals do not extend to many of these external partners unless they are part of the provider network. This paper proposes the use of blockchain architecture to address this challenge. By modeling service innovations used to create value as a set of service exchanges among providers, patients, and partners, the providers decide when blockchain architecture may complement their own extended EMR system in fulfilling the value they create to address patient needs. The authors use gamification to improve patient adherence to treatment plans designed to fulfill the value created and adapt the value created to reflect the changing patient ecosystem. The paper concludes with discussion and directions for future research.
An assessment of atmospheric deposition of metals and the physico -chemical parameters of a rainwater harvesting system in Rio de Janeiro Brazil, by means of statistical multivariate analysis
Authors: Silva Gabrielle Nunes da , Alves Letícia Delduque , Santos Isabella Escobar dos , Bila Daniele Maia , Ohnuma Júnior Alfredo Akira , Corrêa Sérgio Machado
Published: July 2020

This study evaluates the rainwater harvesting system to determine the chemical quality of the water and allocate it for use. Samples were collected in the city of Rio de Janeiro at the points of Direct Precipitation (DP), First Flush (FF) and Reservoir (RR). The methodology involved carrying out an analysis of Ca, Cd, Cu, Na, Ni, Fe, K, Mg, Pb, Zn, conductivity, turbidity, pH and chloride. The R language was used for the principal component analysis, Pearson coefficient correlation, hierarchical cluster analysis, Tukey test and boxplot. The results show that when there is no interference from the catchment surface (DP), the rainwater has a low concentration of metals, although the first millimeters of rain have a concentration above what is permissible in the guidelines issued by the Ministry of Health (Ordinance n° 05/2017). The disposal system (FF) reduced the concentration of pollutants in the RR, but not enough to comply with legislation. It was noted that Ca, K and Na are the main metals found in rainwater. During the dry period, there were significant correlations between the physico-chemical and meteorological parameters. The high concentration of metals in the wet period suggests that rain assists the cleaning of the atmosphere and that most metals are present in the form of aerosols or fine particles suspended in the air. The findings reveal significant indications of acid rain and pre-treatment is recommended to ensure rainwater can be used safely for more mundane purposes.
Nutrient concentrations and trophic state of three Andean lakes from Junín, Perú
Authors: Chanamé-Zapata Fernán , Custodio María , Poma-Chávez Christian , Cruz Alex Huamán-De La
Published: July 2020

The study assessed the trophic state of three lakes used as fish farms in the region of Junín-Peru, under different hydrological conditions. Surface water samples were collected from three points at each lake in 2018 during the rainy (March-April) and dry (June-July) seasons. Total phosphorus, turbidity, and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) were measured. Trophic indexes (TSI Chl-a, and TSI TP) were also computed. The water trophic state categorization was performed by adapting and calculating the Trophic State Index (TSI). The TSI (TP) classified the three lakes in both seasons (rainy and dry) as mesotrophic (30 < TSI ≤ 60). Pomacocha and Tipicocha were classified as eutropic (60 < TSI ≤ 90) in the two seasons according to TSI (Chl a), while Tranca Grande was classified as mesotrophic (also two seasons). The results for TSI showed a predominance of eutrophic and mesotrophic conditions in all lakes used as fish farms.
Food ecology and presence of microplastic in the stomach content of neotropical fish in an urban river of the upper Paraná River Basin
Authors: Oliveira Cristian Wesley de Souza , Corrêa Cláudia Dos Santos , Smith Welber Senteio
Published: July 2020

Plastic is a useful material; but along with its benefits also come several disadvantages. One of these is the consequences of the improper discarding of plastic in the environment and its eventual fragmentation into microplastics. Plastic can reach rivers and affect their biota as microparticles from its degradation. The entry of plastic into the food chain occurs by the consumption of fish or other organisms. Furthermore, persistent organic pollutants can accumulate, and the consumption of materials containing plastic pollutants can cause several physiological problems in animals. Such pollutants can reach man when water or fish is consumed. There are numerous studies in the marine environment that show that microplastics significantly interfere with marine biota; but there are relatively few studies addressing this topic in freshwater environments. This work characterized the diet of the most abundant fish species in an urban river of the Upper Paraná Brazil Watershed, investigating the occurrence of microplastic. As much as the studied river suffers from urban river syndrome, a wide variety of food consumed by fish was found. The stomach content of 220 individuals belonging to fourteen species was analyzed. In the stomach content analysis, 16 types of food items were found, most of them autochthonous. The species analyzed were grouped into four trophic categories, with iliophage as dominant one. The presence of microplastics was found in 2% of the studied individuals, two individuals of the species Rhamdia quelen, one specimen of Hoplosternum littorale and one specimen of Astyanax fasciatus.
Almost commutative $Q$-algebras and derived brackets
Authors: Bruce Andrew James
Published: July 2020

We introduce the notion of
almost commutative

Q

-algebras and demonstrate how the derived bracket formalism of Kosmann–Schwarzbach generalises to this setting. In particular, we construct ‘almost commutative Lie algebroids’ following Vaıntrob’s

Q

-manifold understanding of classical Lie algebroids. We show that the basic tenets of the theory of Lie algebroids carry over verbatim to the almost commutative world.
Application of electromagnetic and electrical resistivity methods for foundation studies at Ahmadu Bello University Phase II, Zaria
Authors: Olayinka L.A. , Aremu B.G. , Ahmed A.L. , Lawal K.M.
Published: July 2020

Very Low-Frequency Electromagnetic (VLF-EM) and 2D electrical resistivity survey were carried out at the Ahmadu Bello University Phase II in order to investigate the suitability of the soil materials for the foundation of super-structures in the study area. The Terra-Plus equipment and ABEM SAS 4000 were used for VLF-EM and resistivity data acquisition respectively. The VLF-EM Data were collected along five (5) profiles at station interval of 10 m along each profile. The data collected from each of the VLF-EM profile were processed and interpreted with the aid of Karous-Hjelt and Fraser filter software. Electrical resistivity profile was laid on the weak zones revealed by the 2D VLF-EM profiles through the aid of dipole-dipole configuration. The data obtained were processed and interpreted with the aid of Res2Dinv software. Borehole log of the study area was used as additional information which serves as a calibration tool. The 2D imaging profile of VLF-EM highly correlates with resistivity profile. The 2D VLF-EM and resistivity profiles revealed the conductive zone and resistive zones. These zones are suspected to be geological features (dyke, faults and fractures). This geological feature such as fracture zones was filled with an earth’s materials which are probably sandy clay and mottled clay, and these materials are highly undesirable for the foundation of building structures due to its characteristics of swelling and contracting during rainy and dry season respectively. Thus, undesirable materials should be excavated and be refilled with suitable materials for the foundation of super-structures and also, geological bodies should be avoided when the foundation of the structures is to be erected.

Keyword: VLF-EM, electrical resistivity, foundation of super-structures, geological feature, undesirable materials
Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial studies of Mn(II) complexes of acetylthiophene and acetyl Furan Schiff base derivatives
Authors: Isyaku S. , Aliyu H.N. , Ozoro E.C. , Abubakar T.
Published: July 2020

Manganese (II) complexes of Schiff bases; 2-acetylthiophene 4‑phenylthiosemi-carbazone (AT-PTSC) and 2-furylmethylketone-4-phenylthiosemi-carbazone (AF‑PTSC) derived from condensation of 2-acetylthiophene and 2-furylmethylketone (2-acetylfuran) each with 4-phenylthiosemicarbazide in (1:1 molar ratio) ethanol, have been synthesized. The Schiff bases and the Mn(II) complexes were characterized on the basis of melting point/decomposition temperature, solubility, magnetic susceptibility, infrared spectra, molar conductance measurements,  elemental and gravimetric  analyses. The Mn(II) complexes show moderate values of decomposition temperatures. The Schiff bases and the complexes were soluble in some common organic solvents. Infrared spectral data of the Schiff bases and their complexes, indicate coordination of the Schiff bases to the metal(II) ion via azomethine nitrogen. The effective magnetic moment of the Mn(II) complexes suggested an octahedral geometry. The molar conductance values of the complexes show that the complexes are electrolytes. The results of the elemental analysis of the ligands and their complexes are in good agreement with the calculated values, suggesting a 1:2 (metal-ligand) ratio. Antimicrobial screenings of the ligands and their complexes were conducted against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus,) and two gram-negative (Salmonella typhii, and Escherichia coli) bacteria specie. Also three fungi mainly (Candida albicans, Mucus indicus and Aspergillus flavus) were tested. The results showed that both the ligands and the complexes are active against the bacteria and the fungi specie.

Keywords: Ligand, Schiff base, 4-phenylthiosemicarbazide, 2-acetylthiophene, 2-acetylfuran molar conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, elemental analysis.
In-silico comparative study of three (3) bioactive compounds from methanol extracts of Combretum micranthum leaf, and diazepam with Gabaa receptor molecule
Authors: Mohammed Z.M. , Haruna Z.K. , Abdullahi Z.I. , Hussein S.A. , Habila J.D. , Abdullahi M.H. , Aliyu A. , Ibrahim A.
Published: July 2020

Stress affects monoamine neurotransmitter in the central nervous system such as GABA (a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain). GABAA receptor is hetero-oligomeric Cl-channel that is elective blocked by the alkaloid, bicuculline and modulated by steroids, barbiturates and benzodiazepines. The anticonvulsant activity of Diazepam may be mediated by enhancement of inhibition involving gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Combretum micranthum is one of the maximum effective medicinal plants of therapeutic importance. Thus this study is to examine the effect of Combretum micranthum methanol leaf extract on GABAA Receptor via In-Silico analysis. Combretum micranthum methanol leaf extract was found using GC-MS to contain bioactive compounds (3,5-dichlorophenylhydrazine, guanidine and aminooxyacetic acid) with GABAergic functions. And the popular docking programs PatchDock and AutoDockVina were then used to predict computationally binding modes of these compounds with GABAA receptor. The molecular docking analyses indicated highly and effectively interactions (binding energy in kcal/mol) between GABAA receptor and the Combretum micranthum compounds (ligands): 3,5-dichlorophenylhydrazine (-193.85 and-5.6), guanidine (-87.63 and -3.3) and aminooxyacetic acid (-85.3 and -3.2) for both PatchDock and AutoDock Vina respectively. Results shows that 3,5-dichlorophenylhydrazine has a close binding energy in kcal/mol to that of Diazepam (-200.68 and -6.1 respectively). Findings of the study shows that the interaction between Combretum micranthum compounds (3,5-dichlorophenylhydrazine, guanidine and aminooxyacetic acid) with GABAA receptor can be explore for the development of new therapeutics to manage mental disorders.  

Keywords: Gamma-aminobutyric acid, Combretum micranthum , AutoDockVina, PatchDock
Antimicrobial activity and phytochemistry of methanolic stem bark extract of Melia azedarach (Linn.)
Authors: Ahmed M. , Bukar A.H. , Amuda M.Y. , Babagana A.
Published: July 2020

The use of traditional medicine is increasing and gaining popularity throughout the developed and developing countries. About 80 % of the people in developing countries rely on traditional medicine for primary health care. The present study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical constituents and antimicrobial activity of the stem bark of Melia azedarach extracted using methanol as solvent. Phytochemical screening revealed that methanolic stem bark extract contain alkaloid, cardiac glycoside, flavonoids, saponins, steroid, tannin and terpenoid. Antimicrobial efficiency were tested against four human pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus spp. The diameter of zone of inhibition (ZOI) was measured and it was found that the extract showed a maximum zone of inhibition against Gram negative and Gram positive pathogens and the zone of inhibition was found to be concentration dependent. The result obtained in this study may be indication that alcoholic extracts of this plant could be a possible source of obtaining new and effective herbal medicine to treat infections which justify the ethno    medicinal uses of Melia azedarach against infectious diseases agents. 

Key words: Melia azedarach, antimicrobial, activity, traditional medicine, extract
Combined activity of Azadirachta indica and Dodonea viscose leaves extract on some selected pathogens
Authors: Isah A. I , Aminu A.I.
Published: July 2020

The study was undertaken to investigate the antimicrobial activity both individually and in combination of two Nigerian plants (Azadirachta indica and Dodonea viscosa) against a variety of pathogenic bacteria. Five bacterial species namely; Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were selected for the assays. The powdered plant materials of the two plants were extracted using sohxlet extraction technique with methanol water and petroleum ether as solvents. The crude extracts of the two plants were subjected to phytochemical screening for qualitative detection of plant secondary metabolites. The extracts were further tested for antibacterial activity against the selected pathogens singly and then combined using agar well diffusion method. Antibacterial activity of the two plants singly indicates that the methanolic extract possess the highest antibacterial activity at a concentration of 50mg/ml with an inhibition zone of 23.3±0.5mm compared to aqueous extract with 21.7±0.5mm inhibition zone at a concentration of 50mg/ml. The least activity was observed with the petroleum ether extract with an inhibition zone of 7.3±0.5mm at a concentration of 12.5mg/ml. Combination of the plants extracts exhibited lower antibacterial activity on the test isolates compared to single plants as evidenced by the production of lower inhibition zones.

Key words: Azadirachta indica, Dodonea viscosa, pathogens, antimicrobial activity, synergistic effect
Production of Gypsum from Clamshells and Waste Acid Recovered from End-of-Life Lead Acid Batteries
Authors: Gohoho H. D. , Dankwah J. R.
Published: July 2020

Gypsum exists in the Dihydrate (CaSO4 2H2O), Hemihydrate (CaSO4. ½H2O) and the Anhydrite (CaSO4) forms. The exploitation of the natural rock form deposit of gypsum is on the increase, necessitating the need to find alternative and efficient sources of gypsum so as to sustain all the industries dependent on gypsum as raw material. This work investigates the production of gypsum from clamshells and waste sulphuric acid from end-of-life car batteries. Clamshells obtained from the Volta Region of Ghana were calcined at a temperature of about 1000 ˚C with a view of producing CaO which was pulverised to particle size of 96 % passing 106 μm. Samples of the Pulverised Clam Shells (PCS) were then reacted with five different concentrations of the Waste Battery Acid (WBA). The reaction was observed to be very exothermic; a temperature of 101 ˚C was obtained for the 6.5 M concentration of WBA. The resulting mixture was filtered and an XRD analysis was performed on the oven dried residue to ascertain its composition. The findings from the work revealed that 100 g of pulverised clam shells produced an average of 58.08 g of calcined product and 134 g of gypsum. Peaks of SiO2 and CaCO3 in the XRD diffractogram of the gypsum indicated that the reaction between PCS and WBA was incomplete. Conclusively, the results from the XRD analysis showed peaks of the three forms of gypsum that was successfully produced. Keywords: Net Present Value; Internal Rate of Return; Sensitivity Analysis; Risk Analysis
Paclitaxel liposomes exert radio-sensitization effect on breast cancer cell line SK-BR-3 by regulating expressions of apoptotic proteins
Authors: Yin Guoling , Li Xiaoping , Chang Xiaofei
Published: July 2020

Purpose: To study the radio-sanitization effect of paclitaxel liposomes on breast cancer cells, SK-BR-3.Methods: Breast cancer cell line SK-BR-3 was cultured and made into a cell suspension. Four groups of cells were used: control and radiotherapy groups, paclitaxel group, and paclitaxel liposome + radiotherapy group (combination group). The growth inhibitory effects of the different treatments on SKBR-3 cells were determined with CCK-8 method. Apoptosis in each group was evaluated with flow cytometry, while Western blotting was employed to assay Bcl-2, Caspase-3 and Bax protein levels.Results: There were marked inhibitory effect on growth of SK-BR-3 cells in drug, radiotherapy and combination groups, relative to control, while apoptosis was greater in combination group than in drug and radiotherapy groups (p < 0.05). The Bcl-2 protein level was higher in radiotherapy, drug and combination groups than in control group, while Caspase-3 and Bax proteins were markedly higher thancontrol values (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Paclitaxel liposomes exert radio-sensitization effect on SK-BR-3 by regulating the levels of apoptotic proteins. This provides a basis for research and development of new drugs.

Keywords: Paclitaxel liposomes, Apoptotic proteins, Breast cancer, SK-BR-3, Radiotherapy, Sensitization, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, Bax
Daucosterol pretreatment ameliorates myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury via ROS-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation
Authors: Zhao Guixiang , Ma Xiaoyun , Hailati Juledezi , Bao Zhen , Bakeyi Maerjiaen , Liu Zhiqiang
Published: July 2020

Purpose: To determine the involvement of NLRP3 signaling pathway in the preventive role of daucosterol in acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods: H9C2 cells were pretreated with daucosterol before hypoxia/reoxygenation (HR) injury. Myocardial ischemia reperfusion (IR) was established in male SD rats, followed by reperfusion. Myocardial infarct size was measured. The serum levels of creatine kinase (CK), lactate  dehydrogenase (LDH), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined using commercial kits. NLRP3 inflammasome activation was assessed by western blotting.Results: Myocardial infarct size was smaller after IR injury in rats pretreated with daucosterol (10 and 50 mg/kg) than that pretreated with daucosterol (0 and 1 mg/kg). The increase in LDH, CK, and MDA levels after IR injury was reduced following daucosterol pretreatment. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production increased, whereas T-SOD activity decreased after IR injury. These changes were prevented by pretreatment of daucosterol (10 and 50 mg/kg). Protein expression of NLRP3 inflammasome increased after IR injury in H9C2 cells while pretreatment with daucosterol inhibited the upregulation of NLRP3 inflammasome.Conclusion: The cardioprotective effect of daucosterol pretreatment appears to be mediated via the inactivation of ROS-related NLRP3 inflammasome, suggesting that daucosteol might be a potential therapeutic drug for AMI.

Keywords: Daucosterol, Myocardial ischemia, Reperfusion injury, Reactive oxygen species, NLRP3 inflammasome
Administration of S-allyl cysteine to neonatal rats modulates inflammatory biomarkers in high-fructose-fed rats in adulthood
Authors: Ayeleso Ademola O. , Lembede Busisani W. , Nyakudya Trevor T. , Adepoju Ayodeji E. , Chegou Novel N. , Mukwevho Emmanuel
Published: July 2020

Purpose: To investigate the potential prophylactic effect of S-allyl cysteine (SAC), found in garlic (Allium sativum), against the development of apro-inflammatory status induced by diet in neonatal rats later on in adulthood.Methods: Suckling Wistar rat pups (4-day-old; male = 21 and female = 21) were randomly allocated to either of 3 groups and orally gavaged daily with the following treatments from postnatal day (PND) 6– 20: group 1 (control) - 10 mL/kg distilled water; group 2 - 10 mL/kg of 20 % w/v fructose solution (FS) and group 3 - 10 mL/kg FS + SAC. The rat pups were weaned on PND 21, and given ad libitum access to standard rat chow and plain drinking up to PND 115. The rats were euthanized on PND 116 and plasma was collected for the determination of interleukins (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1)] using Bio-Plex Pro magnetic beadbased assays on Bio-Plex platform.Results: Oral administration of FS during suckling increased significantly (p < 0.05) plasma concentrations of IL-5, MCP-1 and VEGF in adult male rats, and plasma MCP-1 in adult female rats. Neonatal oral administration of SAC prevented FS-programmed increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines(p < 0.05) later on in adulthood.Conclusion: Oral administration of SAC during the neonatal period protected against FS-induced proinflammatory status and thus, could possibly be exploited as a prophylactic or intervention agent againsta pro-inflammatory status induced by a high fructose diet.

Keywords: S-Allyl cysteine, Fructose solution, Cytokines, Pro-inflammatory chemokines, Neonatal programming
Effect of different doses of dexmedetomidine on lung function and tissue cell apoptosis in a rat model of hyperoxic acute lung injury
Authors: Yang Yan , Qin Xian , Han Chuangang , Huang Yan , Jin Lei , Liu Qingqing , Hu Quan
Published: July 2020

Purpose: To study the effect of different doses of dexmedetomidine on lung function and lung tissue cell apoptosis in a rat model of hyperoxic acute lung injury.

Methods: Five groups of healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were used: normal rats, untreated hyperoxic rats, and hyperoxic rats given 3 different doses of dexmedetomidine, with 20 rats in each group. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined usingenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Parietal paraffin cuts were taken from the right upper lobe for measurement of apoptosis using in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), and the apoptosis index was calculated.

Results: At 24 and 48 h, the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the hyperoxia model group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group, and their levels in the middle- and high-dose groups were markedly lowered, relative to untreated hyperoxia rats (p < 0.05). Apoptosis index in the hyperoxia model rats significantly increased, relative to normal rats (p < 0.05). The apoptosis index in the mediumand high-dose groups decreased significantly (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine inhibits inflammatory responses caused by high concentration of oxygen inhalation, minimizes lung injury, improves lung function and inhibits lung apoptosis.

Keywords: Dexmedetomidine, Hyperoxia, Acute lung injury, Lung function, Apoptosis
An oral vaccine against CVA16 (Coxsackievirus A16) was developed by constructing a recombinant Lactococcus lactis
Authors: Jiang Zaixue , Tian Xingui , Lu Xiaomei , Zhong Baimao
Published: July 2020

Purpose: To develop an oral vaccine against CVA16 (Coxsackievirus A16) by constructing a recombinant Lactococcus lactis that expresses VP1 from CVA16.Method: An oral CVA16 vaccine was prepared by expressing CVA16 VP1 protein with Lactococcus lactis. CVA16 VP1 gene was incorporated into a Lactobacillus expression vector, namely, pNZ8148, and then expressed in NZ9000, a food-grade lactic acid bacterium which serves as a carrier for oral vaccines.Results: There was statistically significant difference in CVA16-specific IgG antibody level between NZ9000-pNZ8148-CVA16-VP1 group (0.49 ± 0.05) and control group (0.05 ± 0.00) when the antiserum was diluted 1:10 (t = 19.84; p < 0.05). Furthermore, the level of CVA16-specific IgA antibody in NZ9000- pNZ8148-CVA16-VP1 group (0.17 ± 0.02) was significantly higher than in control group (0.05 ± 0.00) following antiserum dilution of 1:10 (t =12.08; p < 0.05).Conclusion: A CVA16 oral vaccine made from Lactobacillus elicits protective antibodies against CVA16. Thus, it is a potential as oral vaccine against CVA16 but further studies in vivo are required to ascertain its safety and effectiveness.

Keywords: Coxsackievirus A16, Hand, foot and mouth disease, Lactococcus lactis, Oral vaccine, Enterovirus 71
Dexmedetomidine reduces inflammation in mice with acute pancreatitis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and sympathetic nerve activity
Authors: Gao Yanjun , Xie JinHui , Liu Ruobin , Li Yue , Yan Wenjun
Published: July 2020

Purpose: To study the anti-inflammatory influence of dexmedetomidine (DEX) in mice with acute pancreatitis (AP), and to determine the underlying mechanism.Methods: A total of 75 healthy ICR male mice were randomly divided into control, mild acute pancreatitis (MAP), MAP+DEX, severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), and SAP+DEX groups, with 15 mice/group. Blood levels of inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-1β) and norepinephrine were assayed ineach group. Western blotting was used to assay the protein expressions of NLRP3 and norepinephrine transporter (NET) in the pancreatic tissue of each group.Results: The levels of inflammatory factors in the MAP+DEX group were markedly lower than those in the MAP group after 10 h of MAP induction (p < 0.01). Mice in MAP+DEX group had significantly lower expression of NLRP3 in pancreatic tissue, and significantly higher NET protein level, relative to the MAP mice. Following 10 h of SAP, concentrations of the inflammatory factors and the pancreatic expression of NLRP3 were lower in SAP+DEX-treated mice than in SAP mice, while NET protein was significantly higher in SAP mice (p < 0.01).Conclusion: DEX reduces the expressions of inflammation-related factors TNF-α and IL-1β, and inhibits inflammatory response in mice with AP via downregulation of NET protein expression via inhibition of NLRP3 and early sympathetic events.

Keywords: Dexmedetomidine, NLRP3 inflammasome, Sympathetic nerve, Acute pancreatitis, Inflammatory response
Cinnamic hydroxamic acid inhibits the proliferation of gastric cancer cells via upregulation of miR 145 expression and down-regulation of P13K/Akt signaling pathway
Authors: Li ShanPing , Hu SenMao
Published: July 2020

Purpose: To investigate the anti-proliferative effect of cinnamic hydroxamic acid (CHA) on gastric cancer (GC) cells, and its mechanism of action.Methods: Two GC cell lines (SGC-7901 and MKN1) and normal human gastric epithelial cells (GES1) were used for this study. The GC cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM)supplemented with 10 % fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1 % penicillin/streptomycin solution at 37 °C for 24 h in a humidified atmosphere of 5 % CO2 and 95 % air. GES1 cells were cultured in RPMI medium supplemented with 10 % FBS only. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined using 3 (4,5 dimethyl thiazol 2 yl) 2,5 diphenyl 2H tetrazolium bromide (MTT), and flow cytometric assays, respectively. The level of expression of microRNA-145 (miR-145) was determined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Protein expressions of c-Myc, p-AKT, PI3K, p21, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9were determined using Western blotting.Results: Treatment of GC cells with CHA for 72 h led to significant and dose-dependent reduction in their viability, and significant and dose-dependent increase in the number of apoptotic cells (p < 0.05). It also significantly arrested GC cell cycle at G1 phase (p < 0.05). The treatment significantly and dosedependently decreased SGC-7901 and MKN1 cell migration and invasion, and upregulated miR-145 mRNA expression (p < 0.05). The expression of miR-145 mRNA was significantly higher in MKN1 cells than in SGC-7901cells (p < 0.05). Treatment of SGC-7901 and MKN1 cells with CHA significantly downregulated protein expressions of c-Myc, MMP-2/9, PI3K and p-AKT, but upregulated p21 protein expression (p< 0.05).Conclusion: These results show that CHA inhibits the proliferation of GC cells via upregulation of miR-145 expression and down-regulation of  P13K/Akt signaling pathway. Therefore, CHA has a good potential as a therapeutic agent for the management of gastric cancer

Keywords: Apoptosis, Cinnamic hydroxamic acid, Gastric cancer, Metastasis, Proliferation
Czy Edward Abramowski jest etykiem troski? Część I. Prezentacja etyki troski i etyki przyjaźni
Authors: Sepczyńska Dorota
Published: July 2020

Is Edward Abramowski an ethicist of care? Part I. Introduction to the ethics of care and the ethics of friendship

These two papers contribute to the research tendency that seeks an analogy between the ethics of care and other ethical theories. The purpose of this study is to compare the ethics of care with Edward Abramowski’s moral theory. The critical appraisal of both theories requires the reconstruction and confrontation of issues such as friendship-brotherhood-care, response to the needs of others, and making friendship-brotherhood-care public. The analysis of philosophical sources was carried out with the use of tools from hermeneutics and the history of ideas. In the case of the ethics of care, both the theories of direct caring relations and of group, institutional caring relations were examined. The analysis of Abramowski’s philosophy is focused on the ethics of friendship. In Part I, the ethics of care and the ethics of friendship are presented. Part II refers the results obtained from the analysis of the ethics of friendship to the theses and arguments which feature in the ethics of care.

Czy Edward Abramowski jest etykiem troski? Część I. Prezentacja etyki troski i etyki przyjaźni

Seria dwóch artykułów wpisuje się w tendencję badawczą poszukującą analogii pomiędzy etyką troski a innymi teoriami etycznymi. Celem pracy jest porównanie etyki troski i teorii moralnej Edwarda Abramowskiego. Krytyczne badanie obu teorii polega na odtworzeniu i konfrontacji rozumienia takich zagadnień, jak: przyjaźń – braterstwo – troska, źródła reakcji na potrzeby innego, upublicznienie przyjaźni – braterstwa – troski. Do jego realizacji wykorzystano analizę tekstów filozoficznych przeprowadzoną z uwzględnieniem narzędzi hermeneutyki i historii idei. W przypadku etyki troski badaniu poddano zarówno teorie bezpośrednich relacji opiekuńczych, jak i teorie relacji pośrednich, międzygrupowych, zinstytucjonalizowanych. Przedmiotem analizy w filozofii Abramowskiego stała się etyka przyjaźni. W pierwszym artykule zaprezentowano etykę troski oraz etykę przyjaźni. W drugim odniesiono pozyskane wyniki analiz etyki przyjaźni do tez i argumentacji obecnych w etyce troski.
Acerca de un sistema de estrategias didácticas para contribuir a la impartición de la asignatura psicosociología del turismo a los estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Gestión Turística de la Facultad de Turismo, UAGRO, ciclo escolar 2018 -2019.
Authors: Torres Lucena Esther
Published: July 2020

En el presente artículo, la autora aborda una propuesta de investigación pedagógica dirigida al logro de la comprensión de la asignatura de Psicosociología del Turismo a partir de estrategias didácticas para contribuir a la impartición de la asignatura a los estudiantes del tercer semestre de la licenciatura en gestión turística de la facultad de turismo, ciclo escolar 2018 -2019, lo cual se fundamenta como parte de su tesis doctoral en Ciencias Pedagógicas e impulsar el interés de manera recreativa, elevar el aprovechamiento de los alumnos que se comprometan, evitar el ausentismo y que todos cumplan con sus tareas de investigación, lo que determina la pertinencia en su proceso formativo.
Women’s Reaction to the Gender Pay Gap: A Study of the Pakistan Telecommunication Sector
Authors: Qazi Qurrat-ul-Ain , Ansari Nighat G. , Moazzam Amani
Published: July 2020

The Gender wage gap has attracted the attention of a wide range of theoretical and empirical frameworks derived from a multitude of disciplines including, psychology, sociology, and economics. Human Resource Management, considering the gender wage gap's reported influences on employees‟ attitudes and behaviours in the work places, is now studying a variety of its aspects. This qualitative research study, conducted in the telecommunication sector of Pakistan, investigates women employees' perceptions regarding discriminatory pay practices and explores their attitudinal factors that might be responsible for the perpetuation of prevalent gender wage disparity in terms of acceptance / challenge to. Empirical data generated through purposive sampling, and by applying semi-structured interviews of women working in the private telecom sector, revealed that only a handful of women raised their voices or supported other women who stood up for their rights; a majority preferred to remain silent or accept the discrimination, even justifying it on account of various excuses. This accepting attitude of women serves to perpetuate discriminatory pay practices in the workplace.
Caracterización de ejercicios fisioterapéuticos para rehabilitación de hombro mediante videogrametría
Authors: Reyes Cruz Alexander , Beltrán Fernández Juan Alfonso , Hernández Gómez Luis Héctor , Cazares Ramírez Irving Omar , Atonal Sánchez Juan , Vázquez Machorro Rodrigo
Published: July 2020

En el desarrollo de este trabajo se aplican las bases de la biomecánica del hombro para el análisis de su cinemática, describiendo sus grados de libertad y su movimiento, así mismo se realizó un modelo matemático, considerando al brazo como una cadena cinemática abierta. La caracterización del movimiento del brazo se realizó mediante videogrametría, con ayuda de un programa desarrollado en Matlab . La medición de los movimientos se realizó a dos personas sanas sin lesiones, utilizando marcadores colocados en puntos estratégicos, los movimientos medidos fueron de abducción-aducción y flexión-extensión, una vez tomado el video se analizó en el programa para registrar los resultados cinemáticos. Estos últimos fueron medidos en grados contra tiempo, y observando la diferencia de movimientos entre ambas personas.
Editorial
Authors: Salcedo Beltrán Carmen
Published: July 2020

Presentación del volumen 10, número 2, 2020.
Mª Nieves Alonso García, Fundamentos jurídicos sobre el origen del parlamentarismo, León, Eolas ediciones (Colección “Monografías”), 2019
Authors: Alegre Martínez Miguel Ángel
Published: July 2020

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Guillermo García González, Régimen Jurídico de los técnicos de prevención de riesgos laborales, Madrid, Dykinson, 2019
Authors: Pedrosa Alquézar Sonia I.
Published: July 2020

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Analysis of Expansion Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in patients with low risk myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Duarte Fernando Barroso , Lemes Romélia Pinheiro Gonçalves , Vasconcelos João Paulo , Rocha Francisco Dário , Zalcberg Ilana , Coutinho Diego , Silla Lúcia , Valim Vanessa , Barbosa Maritza Cavalcante , Santos Talyta Ellen de Jesus dos , Carlos Luciana Barros , Vasconcelos Paulo Leitão de
Published: July 2020

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) comprise a heterogeneous group of clonal hematopoiet­ic disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, cytopenias and dysplasia and one or more lineages. The stratification of MDS is made based on the percentage of bone marrow blasts, number of cytopenias and karyotype at diagnosis. Somatic mutations in the p53 tu­mor suppressor gene are found in approximately 50% of all human tumors, making it the most commonly mutated gene. The expression of p53 protein and the study of mutations is especially needed in the prognosis of MDS. In this context, the study aims to evaluate the expansion of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and the expression of p53 protein in pa­tients with SMD, low risk, according to the International Prognostic System (IPSS), in order to demonstrate the importance of these evaluations also diagnostics. This is a cross-sectional analytical study with review 3 adult patients of both sexes, the diagnosis of low-risk MDS receiving outpatient treatment at the University Hospital Walter Cantídio (HUWC). MSCs were characterized by immunophenotyping and screening of mutation of the p53 gene by Real Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems). For data analysis, the statistical software was used GraphPadPrism 5.0. Statistical differences between groups were checked by Student t or Mann-Whitney’s test significance level was p < 0.05 for all analyzes. The results showed a smaller expansion of MSCs in the bone marrow of patients with MDS compared with a control group. A survey of mutation of the p53 gene was negative in all patients. The results demonstrate an impairment in the growth of MSCs in patients with MDS, collaborating with the hypothesis that medullary microenvironment in MDS may be compromised contributing greater understanding of disease mechanisms. However studies with larger sample should be conducted in order to establish the best results.
Analisis Siklogenesis Siklon Tropis Dahlia Menggunakan Citra Satelit Himawari
Authors: Endriani Zenita , Fauziah Annisa
Published: July 2020

Siklon tropis merupakan suatu sistem tekanan rendah yang muncul di lintang tropis yang terbentuk dan berkembang di wilayah lautan luas, dampak dari adanya siklon tropis jika melintas mendekati daratan adalah dapat menyebabkan kerusakan dan bencana di beberapa wilayah. Indonesia menjadi salah satu wilayah yang terdampak adanya Siklon Tropis. Untuk memprakirakan kemunculan dan kekuatan dari siklon tropis dibutuhkan analisis, baik dari pembentukan hingga tahap meluruh (siklogenesis). Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan satelit Himawari-8 dan teknik Dvorak untuk menganalisis Siklon Tropis Dahlia yang baru-baru ini melewati wilayah perairan selatan Indonesia. Penulis menganalisis siklogenesis dahlia dari lapisan bawah hingga lapisan atas troposfer. Adapun parameter yang dianalisis baik dari pola struktur pembentukan awan, vortisitas, kelembaban udara dan windshear vertikal. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terjadinya pola perubahan struktur pembentukan awan dari hari ke hari, vortisitas maksimum menunjukkan nilai yang sangat signifikan ketika terbentuknya mata badai, kelembaban maksimum terjadi pada sabuk pumpunan awan, windshear vertikal yang cenderung bernilai lemah selama pertumbuhan siklon serta pembentukan konvergensi yang semakin terpola ketika tahap matang dan perlahan semuanya meluruh ketika tahap punah
Prevalence of Asymptomatic Malaria in Relation to Haematological Parameters among Children Attending General Hospital, Minna, Nigeria
Authors: Ejima I AA , Akinsete I O
Published: July 2020

Asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia (APFP) has been reported to be highly prevalent in Sub-Saharan Africa, a region heavily burdened by malaria; yet, the impact of APFP on the haematological reference values have not yet been established in Minna. This study was therefore designed to evaluate the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria in relation to haematological parameters among children attending General Hospital, Minna, Nigeria. After informed consent and clinical examination, blood samples were obtained from the participants for malaria diagnosis and a full blood count. The diagnosis of malaria was confirmed by thick and thin films stained with Giemsa's for malaria parasite and Complete Blood Counts (CBCs) were performed using an automated Abacus Junior machine. Of the 201 subjects sampled, the Age group 1-5years showed the highest prevalence of 24 (13.82%) for the symptomatic patients, followed by the age group 6-10years 3 (2.32%).The least prevalence of 1(2.86%) for the symptomatic patient was in the age group above 11years. The male symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects have higher gender prevalence characteristics of malaria parasite 20 (14.49%) than the female 8 (12.70%), though this difference was not significant (P>0.05). The Chi-square analysis between the groups showed association among the gender with a value of 0.4919 at 5% level of significance. Patients with symptomatic parasitaemia tended to have significantly (P<0.05) lower lymphocyte percentage (25.15±2.45), Red blood cell count (RBC) (4.14±0.21), Haemoglobin (HB)(8.81±0.44), Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH) (23.97±1.57) compared to that of asymptomatic and non-infected subjects. Corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), Red Cell Distribution Width (RDWC), Platelet Volume (MPV) and Platelet Distribution Width showed no significant difference (P>0.05). Platelet Count was, however, higher (269.57±6.93) significantly (P<0.05) in non-infected control group compared to that of symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects with reduced platelet counts (140.36±13.09 and 123.63±6.99), respectively. Gender prevalence characteristics showed significance (P<0.05) in platelet count (276.03±8.21, 255.88±12.72) in normal male and female subjects, respectively, compared to other groups. Among the malaria parasite density groups, least lymphocyte count (1.34±0.21) was found in 5001-10000mp/μl, symptomatic subjects. The mean Platelet Count was significantly lower in the asymptomatic density group compared to that of symptomatic malaria density group. This study confirms that haematological changes are frequent in asymptomatic plasmodial infection. Special attention should be applied when interpreting haematological parameters and evaluating immune responses in children living in malaria endemic area
Peran Guru dalam Menangani Pelanggaran Disiplin Siswa di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Negeri 02 Tembilahan Kota
Authors: Wini Wini
Published: July 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana peran guru dalam menangani pelanggaran kedisiplinan siswa di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Negeri 02 Tembilahan Kota, dan Apa yang harus dilakukan guru dalam menangani pelanggaran kedisiplinan siswa.

Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah guru waka kesiswaan dan guru bimbingan konseling (BK) di SMKN 02 Tembilahan Kota yang berjumlah 13 orang, dan yang menjadi objek dalam penelitian ini adalah peran guru dalam menangani pelanggaran kedisiplinan siswa di SMKN 02 Tembilahan Kota. Untuk mendapatkan data dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan teknik analisa data yang penulis gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriftif kualitatif.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peran guru dalam menangani kedisiplinan siswa di SMKN 02 Tembilahan Kota, dapat penulis simpulkan “baik” dengan persentase 72,43% interval berkisar antara 61%-80%. Adapun usaha yang dilakukan guru dalam menangani pelanggaran disiplin siswa yaitumenumbuhkan kesadaran dan pemahaman siswa tentang disiplin, memberikan bimbingan atau penyuluhan, dan Guru dan siswa harus bekerjasama dalam menegakkan kedisiplinan sekolah.
Pengaruh Pengetahuan Pendidikan Karakter terhadap Etiket Siswa di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Nurul Huda Parit 5 Sungai Luar Kecamatan Batang Tuaka
Authors: Irfan Irfan
Published: July 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk (1) Mengetahui pendidikan karakter siswa (2) Mengetahui Etiket siswa (3) Mengetahui Pengaruhpendidikan karakter terhadap Etiket siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian Regresi. Penelitian Regresi untuk melihat ada tidaknya pengaruh antar satu variabel dengan variabel yang lainnya. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 33 orang siswa kelas IV dan V. Sampel diambil sebanyak 33orang dengan menggunakan sampel jenuh. Data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan teknik angket dan dokumentasi. Selanjutnya data yang terkumpul dianalisa dengan menggunakan rumus Regresi Sederhana.

Hasil analisa data angket dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) Pendidikan karakter siswa dengan kategori “cukup baik” dan persentase akhir 60,37%. (2) Etiket siswa dengan kategori “cukup baik” dan persentase akhir 60,75%. (3) Ada pengaruh signifikanantara Pengetahuann Pendidikan karakter terhadap Etiket siswa dengan F hitung = 71,78 ≥ Ftabel = 4,17.