bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Galvanotactic Migration of Keratinocytes is Enhanced by Hypoxic Preconditioning
Authors: Guo Xiaowei , Jiang Xupin , Ren Xi , Sun Huanbo , Zhang Dongxia , Zhang Qiong , Zhang Jiaping , Huang Yuesheng
Published: May 2015

The endogenous electric field (EF)-directed migration of keratinocytes (galvanotaxis) into wounds is an essential step in wound re-epithelialization. Hypoxia, which occurs immediately after injury, acts as an early stimulus to initiate the healing process; however, the mechanisms for this effect, remain elusive. We show here that the galvanotactic migration of keratinocytes was enhanced by hypoxia preconditioning as a result of the increased directionality rather than the increased motility of keratinocytes. This enhancement was both oxygen tension- and preconditioning time-dependent, with the maximum effects achieved using 2% O2 preconditioning for 6 hours. Hypoxic preconditioning (2% O2, 6 hours) decreased the threshold voltage of galvanotaxis to < 25 mV/mm, whereas this value was between 25 and 50 mV/mm in the normal culture control. In a scratch-wound monolayer assay in which the applied EF was in the default healing direction, hypoxic preconditioning accelerated healing by 1.38-fold compared with the control conditions. Scavenging of the induced ROS by N-acetylcysteine (NAC) abolished the enhanced galvanotaxis and the accelerated healing by hypoxic preconditioning. Our data demonstrate a novel and unsuspected role of hypoxia in supporting keratinocyte galvanotaxis. Enhancing the galvanotactic response of cells might therefore be a clinically attractive approach to induce improved wound healing.
Mangiferin supplementation improves serum lipid profiles in overweight patients with hyperlipidemia: a double-blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Na Lixin , Zhang Qiao , Jiang Shuo , Du Shanshan , Zhang Wei , Li Ying , Sun Changhao , Niu Yucun
Published: May 2015

Our previous studies have shown that mangiferin decreased serum triglycerides and free fatty acids (FFAs) by increasing FFAs oxidation in both animal and cell experiments. This study sought to evaluate the effects of mangiferin on serum lipid profiles in overweight patients with hyperlipidemia. Overweight patients with hyperlipidemia (serum triglyceride ≥ 1.70 mmol/L and total cholesterol ≥ 5.2 mmol/L) were included in this double-blind randomized controlled trial. Participants were randomly allocated to groups, either receiving mangiferin (150 mg/day) or identical placebo for 12 weeks. The lipid profile and serum levels of mangiferin, glucose, L-carnitine, β-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate were determined at baseline and 12 weeks. A total of 97 participants completed the trial. Compared with the placebo control, mangiferin supplementation significantly decreased the serum levels of triglycerides and FFAs and insulin resistance index. Mangiferin supplementation also significantly increased the serum levels of mangiferin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, L-carnitine, β-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate and increased lipoprotein lipase activity. However, there were no differences in the serum levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum glucose and insulin between groups. Mangiferin supplementation could improve serum lipid profiles by reducing serum triglycerides and FFAs in overweight patients with hyperlipidemia, partly due to the promotion of FFAs oxidation.
A planar chiral meta-surface for optical vortex generation and focusing
Authors: Ma Xiaoliang , Pu Mingbo , Li Xiong , Huang Cheng , Wang Yanqin , Pan Wenbo , Zhao Bo , Cui Jianhua , Wang Changtao , Zhao ZeYu , Luo Xiangang
Published: May 2015

Data capacity is rapidly reaching its limit in modern optical communications. Optical vortex has been explored to enhance the data capacity for its extra degree of freedom of angular momentum. In traditional means, optical vortices are generated using space light modulators or spiral phase plates, which would sharply decrease the integration of optical communication systems. Here we experimentally demonstrate a planar chiral antenna array to produce optical vortex from a circularly polarized light. Furthermore, the antenna array has the ability to focus the incident light into point, which greatly increases the power intensity of the generated optical vortex. This chiral antenna array may have potential application in highly integrated optical communication systems.
Direct laser-writing of ferroelectric single-crystal waveguide architectures in glass for 3D integrated optics
Authors: Stone Adam , Jain Himanshu , Dierolf Volkmar , Sakakura Masaaki , Shimotsuma Yasuhiko , Miura Kiyotaka , Hirao Kazuyuki , Lapointe Jerome , Kashyap Raman
Published: May 2015

Direct three-dimensional laser writing of amorphous waveguides inside glass has been studied intensely as an attractive route for fabricating photonic integrated circuits. However, achieving essential nonlinear-optic functionality in such devices will also require the ability to create high-qualitysingle-crystalwaveguides. Femtosecond laser irradiation is capable of crystallizing glass in 3D, but producing optical-quality single-crystal structures suitable for waveguiding poses unique challenges that are unprecedented in the field of crystal growth. In this work, we use a high angular-resolution electron diffraction method to obtain the first conclusive confirmation that uniform single crystals can be grown inside glass by femtosecond laser writing under optimized conditions. We confirm waveguiding capability and present the first quantitative measurement of power transmission through a laser-written crystal-in-glass waveguide, yielding loss of 2.64 dB/cm at 1530 nm. We demonstrate uniformity of the crystal cross-section down the length of the waveguide and quantify its birefringence. Finally, as a proof-of-concept for patterning more complex device geometries, we demonstrate the use of dynamic phase modulation to grow symmetric crystal junctions with single-pass writing.
Resonant light scattering from a single dielectric nano-antenna formed by electron beam-induced deposition
Authors: Lee Eun-Khwang , Song Jung-Hwan , Jeong Kwang-Yong , Kang Ju-Hyung , Park Hong-Gyu , Seo Min-Kyo
Published: May 2015

Dielectric nano-antennas are promising elements in nanophotonics due to their low material loss and strong leaky-mode optical resonances. In particular, light scattering can be easily manipulated using dielectric nano-antennas. To take full advantage of dielectric nano-antennas and explore their new optical applications, it is necessary to fabricate three-dimensional nano-structures under arbitrary conditions such as in non-planar substrates. Here, we demonstrate full-visible-range resonant light scattering from a single dielectric optical nano-rod antenna. The nano-rod antenna was formed by electron beam-induced deposition (EBID), a promising three-dimensional nanofabrication technique with a high spatial resolution. The nano-rods consist of amorphous alloys of C and O, with a width of 180 nm on average and a length of 4.5 μm. Polarization-resolved dark-field scattering measurements show that both transverse-electric and transverse-magnetic mode resonances cover the full visible range as the height of the nano-rod antenna varies from 90 to 280 nm. Numerical simulations successfully reproduce the measured scattering features and characterize the modal properties, using the critical points dispersive dielectric constant of the EBID carbonaceous material. Our deep understanding of resonant light scattering in the EBID dielectric nano-antenna will be useful for near-field measurement or for the implementation of three-dimensional nanophotonic devices.
Sex Differences in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Does Sex Moderate the Pathway from Clinical Symptoms to Adaptive Behavior?
Authors: Mandic-Maravic Vanja , Pejovic-Milovancevic Milica , Mitkovic-Voncina Marija , Kostic Milutin , Aleksic-Hil Olivera , Radosavljev-Kircanski Jelena , Mincic Teodora , Lecic-Tosevski Dusica
Published: May 2015

We explored sex differences in diagnostic categories, clinical symptoms and adaptive behavior of persons with autism spectrum disorders, as well as sex-specific correlations of clinical and adaptive caracteristics. The study involved 108 patients (83 males, 6.73 ± 4.33 years old) diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Assessment included ADI-R and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale II. Males were more often diagnosed with typical autism. There were no sex differences in the autistic symptoms, while females showed better functioning in Daily living skills, without reaching statistically significant difference (p = 0.062). We have found different associations of autistic symptoms with different aspects of adaptive behavior in males and females. Social reciprocity in females correlated with social domain of adaptive behavior, in a positive direction. Our findings have shown that although there are no sex differences in autistic symptoms, females tend to be somewhat more functional and are also less frequently diagnosed with typical autism. Our results have also shown that sex might moderate the way clinical symptoms are expressed in adaptive behavior. Social reciprocity might be the core feature regarding sex differences in ASD. Our findings might have diagnostic and therapeutical implications, pointing out to the need for individualized, sex-specific treatment in this group of disorders.
Monitoring of chemical transformations by mass spectrometry
Authors: Chen Chun-Chi , Lin Po-Chiao
Published: May 2015

During the last several decades, mass spectrometry (MS) has rapidly developed as a practical technique that can be used to monitor chemical reactions and investigate reaction mechanisms.
N-Fused BDOPV: a tetralactam derivative as a building block for polymer field-effect transistors
Authors: Cao Yue , Yuan Jing-Song , Zhou Xu , Wang Xiao-Ye , Zhuang Fang-Dong , Wang Jie-Yu , Pei Jian
Published: May 2015

Based on a π-extended isoindigo derivative NBDOPV, the conjugated polymer PITET shows a hole mobility of 1.92 cm2 V−1 s−1.
Target protein induced cleavage of a specific peptide for prostate-specific antigen detection with positively charged gold nanoparticles as signal enhancer
Authors: Wang Ding , Zheng Yingning , Chai Yaqin , Yuan Yali , Yuan Ruo
Published: May 2015

A “signal-on” electrochemical biosensor based on target protein induced cleavage of a specific peptide with positively charged gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as signal enhancer was developed to determine prostate-specific antigen (PSA).
Improved electrochemical performance of CoS2–MWCNT nanocomposites for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Shadike Zulipiya , Cao Ming-Hui , Ding Fei , Sang Lin , Fu Zheng-Wen
Published: May 2015

The CoS2–MWCNT electrode delivers superior cyclic stability with a capacity retention of 568 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles in NaSO3F3-DGM.
Ionic liquids enable accurate chromatographic analysis of polyelectrolytes
Authors: Kuroda Kosuke , Ohno Hiroyuki
Published: May 2015

The use of high performance liquid chromatography with ionic liquids as eluents enables the accurate analysis of polyelectrolytes without false results.
N-Heterocyclic carbene–phosphino-picolines as precursors of anionic ‘pincer’ ligands with dearomatised pyridine backbones; transmetallation from potassium to chromium
Authors: Simler Thomas , Danopoulos Andreas A. , Braunstein Pierre
Published: May 2015

Deprotonation of hybrid NHC–phosphino-picoline ligands affords dearomatised pyridine backbones in potassium pincer salts that are suitable for transmetallation to chromium.
A one-step, modular route to optically-active diphos ligands
Authors: Louise Hazeland E. , Chapman Andy M. , Pringle Paul G. , Sparkes Hazel A.
Published: May 2015

A chlorosilane elimination reaction has been developed that allows the efficient synthesis of optically pure C1-symmetric, C1-backboned diphosphines with a wide variety of stereoelectronic characteristics.
Establishing trends based on solvent system changes in cocrystals containing pyrogallol[4]arenes and fluorescent probes rhodamine B and pyronin Y
Authors: Pfeiffer Constance R. , Fowler Drew A. , Atwood Jerry L.
Published: May 2015

Eight cocrystal structures containing a pyrogallol[4]arene of varying aliphatic tail lengths and either fluorescent probes rhodamine B or pyronin Y in a range of solvent systems are examined. Trends based on probe, solvent, and aliphatic tail length are investigated.
Effects of hydroxy substituents on Cu(ii) coordination polymers based on 5-hydroxyisophthalate derivatives and 1,4-bis(2-methylimidazol-1-yl)benzene
Authors: Su Yanqing , Li Xinxiong , Li Xiaoju , Pan Hui , Wang Ruihu
Published: May 2015

Hydroxyl substituents of 5-hydroxyisophthalate derivatives have imposed important effects on the structures and properties of Cu(ii) coordination polymers.
Novel benzimidazole salts for lithium ion battery electrolytes: effects of substituents
Authors: Sriana T. , Leggesse E. G. , Jiang J. C.
Published: May 2015

Promising highly dissociating and oxidatively stable anions that can offer better performance than the experimentally reported salts are reported.
Unraveling the effect of polymer dots doping in inverted low bandgap organic solar cells
Authors: Zhang Xinyuan , Liu Chunyu , Li Jinfeng , He Yeyuan , Li Zhiqi , Li Hao , Shen Liang , Guo Wenbin , Ruan Shengping
Published: May 2015

PF-10BT dots have been employed in a PSBTBT:PC60BM blend to improve photovoltaic performance. The Jsc and carrier mobility were greatly enhanced.
Hydroxylation of a metal-supported hexagonal boron nitride monolayer by oxygen induced water dissociation
Authors: Guo Yufeng , Guo Wanlin
Published: May 2015

Water molecules dissociate into hydroxyl groups on an O functionalized h-BN layer supported by a Ni substrate.
Magneto-optical properties of ABC-stacked trilayer graphene
Authors: Lin Yi-Ping , Lin Chiun-Yan , Ho Yen-Hung , Do Thi-Nga , Lin Ming-Fa
Published: May 2015

The generalized tight-binding model is developed to investigate the magneto-optical absorption spectra of ABC-stacked trilayer graphene.
Palladium(ii) complexes with a phosphino-oxime ligand: synthesis, structure and applications to the catalytic rearrangement and dehydration of aldoximes
Authors: Menéndez-Rodríguez Lucía , Tomás-Mendivil Eder , Francos Javier , Nájera Carmen , Crochet Pascale , Cadierno Victorio
Published: May 2015

The catalytic rearrangement and dehydration of aldoximes with phosphino-oxime-palladium complexes is described.
Catalytic oxidation of lignin–acetoderivatives: a potential new recovery route for value-added aromatic aldehydes from acetoderivatives
Authors: Alunga Kissa R. , Ye Yue-Yuan , Li Shui-Rong , Wang Duo , Liu Yun-Quan
Published: May 2015

Lignin oxidation by-products (acetoderivatives) were oxidized to aromatic aldehydes with the help of CuSO4·5H2O as a catalyst.
Ruthenium indenylidene complexes bearing N-alkyl/N-mesityl-substituted N-heterocyclic carbene ligands
Authors: Yu Baoyi , Hamad Fatma B. , Sels Bert , Van Hecke Kristof , Verpoort Francis
Published: May 2015

Three ruthenium indenylidene complexes containing N-alkyl/N-mesityl mixed N-heterocyclic carbene ligands show a significant improvement in their catalytic initiation rate. The smaller sized NHC contributes to a better catalytic performance.
A differentially selective molecular probe for detection of trivalent ions (Al3+, Cr3+and Fe3+) upon single excitation in mixed aqueous medium
Authors: Paul Sima , Manna Abhishek , Goswami Shyamaprosad
Published: May 2015

A chemosensor was developed which could selectively detect and differentiate trivalent metal ions (Al3+, Cr3+and Fe3+) upon single excitation at two different wavelengths in aqueous medium.
Toxicity of exfoliated-MoS2and annealed exfoliated-MoS2towards planktonic cells, biofilms, and mammalian cells in the presence of electron donor
Authors: Fan Jingjing , Li Yifei , Nguyen Hang N. , Yao Yan , Rodrigues Debora F.
Published: May 2015

EDTA, as an electron donor, used for the first time in the antibacterial study of MoS2.
Evaluation of optical surrogates for the characterization of DOM removal by coagulation
Authors: Korak Julie A. , Rosario-Ortiz Fernando L. , Scott Summers R.
Published: May 2015

Fluorescence wavelength is relatively unimportant for online monitoring approaches that measure raw and clarified samples.
Acrylamide: inhibition of formation in processed food and mitigation of toxicity in cells, animals, and humans
Authors: Friedman Mendel
Published: May 2015

Potentially toxic acrylamide is largely derived from the heat-inducing reactions between the amino group of the amino acid asparagine and carbonyl groups of glucose and fructose in plant-derived foods including cereals, coffees, almonds, olives, potatoes, and sweet potatoes.
The effects of emulsion on sugar dehydration to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in a biphasic system
Authors: Teong Siew Ping , Yi Guangshun , Zeng Huaqiang , Zhang Yugen
Published: May 2015

Alkyl/amino functionalized silica nanoparticles create a Pickering emulsion in a biphasic system for sugar dehydration to HMF.
2-Pyridylquinolone
antimalarials with improved antimalarial activity and physicochemical properties
Authors: Charoensutthivarakul Sitthivut , David Hong W. , Leung Suet C. , Gibbons Peter D. , Bedingfield Paul T. P. , Nixon Gemma L. , Lawrenson Alexandre S. , Berry Neil G. , Ward Stephen A. , Biagini Giancarlo A. , O'Neill Paul M.
Published: May 2015

2-Pyridylquinolones with improved solubility, an improved metabolic stability profile, reduced off-target toxicity and 12 nM Plasmodium falciparum antimalarial activity are described.
Chromanones: selective and reversible monoamine oxidase B inhibitors with nanomolar potency
Authors: Lan Jin-Shuai , Xie Sai-Sai , Huang Ming , Hu Ya-Jian , Kong Ling-Yi , Wang Xiao-Bing
Published: May 2015

Compound4fwas a potent and selective inhibitor for hMAO-B.
Metal oxynitrides as emerging materials with photocatalytic and electronic properties
Authors: Fuertes Amparo
Published: May 2015

Metal oxynitrides are intensively investigated as a group of materials to expand and tune the properties of oxides showing emerging applications as photocatalysts, pigments, phosphors, dielectrics and magnetic materials.
Plasmonic coinage metal–TiO2hybrid nanocatalysts for highly efficient photocatalytic oxidation under sunlight irradiation
Authors: Kaur Rupinder , Pal Bonamali
Published: May 2015

Plasmomic Ag–TiO2nanocomposites exhibit the highest photoactivity for benzaldehyde and nitrobenzaldehyde oxidation relative to Au and Cu–TiO2under visible light irradiation.
Reactivity of [U(CH2SiMe2NSiMe3)(NR2)2] (R = SiMe3) with elemental chalcogens: towards a better understanding of chalcogen atom transfer in the actinides
Authors: Smiles Danil E. , Wu Guang , Hayton Trevor W.
Published: May 2015

Addition of elemental chalcogens to [U(CH2SiMe2NSiMe3)(NR2)2] results in formation of [U(ECH2SiMe2NSiMe3)(NR2)2] (R = SiMe3; E = S, Se, Te) via chalcogen insertion into the U–C bond.
The role of the interface in germanium quantum dots: when not only size matters for quantum confinement effects
Authors: Cosentino S. , Mio A. M. , Barbagiovanni E. G. , Raciti R. , Bahariqushchi R. , Miritello M. , Nicotra G. , Aydinli A. , Spinella C. , Terrasi A. , Mirabella S.
Published: May 2015

This work elucidates the interplay between quantum confinement and interface effects in the optical properties of Ge quantum dots, demonstrating that not only size matters at the nanoscale.
Anatomy of gold catalysts: facts and myths
Authors: Ranieri Beatrice , Escofet Imma , Echavarren Antonio M.
Published: May 2015

This review article covers the main types of gold(i) complexes used as precatalysts under homogeneous conditions in organic synthesis and discusses the different ways of catalyst activation as well as ligand, silver, and anion effects.
Polyvinylpyridinium-type gradient porous membranes: synthesis, actuation and intrinsic cell growth inhibition
Authors: Täuber Karoline , Lepenies Bernd , Yuan Jiayin
Published: May 2015

Gradient porous membranes were prepared from a poly(4-vinylpyridinium) polymer together with carboxylic multi-acid compoundsviaelectrostatic complexation.
PVdF/graphene oxide hybrid membranes via electrospinning for water treatment applications
Authors: Jang Wongi , Yun Jaehan , Jeon Kyungsu , Byun Hongsik
Published: May 2015

PVdF nanofiber membranes loaded with GO were prepared via an electrospinning method and they showed excellent performances including low fouling due to hydrophilic property of GO.
Carbon nanotube-based super nanotubes: tunable thermal conductivity in three dimensions
Authors: Zhan Haifei , Bell John M. , Gu Yuantong
Published: May 2015

A numerical study of the tuning of the thermal conductivity of three-dimensional CNT-based nanotubes.
Structural and dielectric anomalies near the MPB region of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3–SrTiO3 solid solution
Authors: Sayyed Shahin , Acharya Smita A. , Kautkar Pranay , Sathe Vasant
Published: May 2015

In the present attempt, (1 − x)NBT(Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3)–xST(SrTiO3) (x = 0.24–0.28) solid solutions are studied near the MPB region to investigate short-range structural and dielectric anomalies.
Synthesis of nitrogen doped mesoporous carbons for carbon dioxide capture
Authors: Goel Chitrakshi , Bhunia Haripada , Bajpai Pramod K.
Published: May 2015

Nitrogen doped mesoporous carbons were prepared from melamine-formaldehyde resin and mesoporous silica by nanocasting method followed by their characterization and CO2 adsorption performance evaluation by fixed-bed experiments.
Impact of microwave irradiation on cyclo-octeno-1,2,3-selenadiazole: formation of selenium nanoparticles and their polymorphs
Authors: Jadhav Aditi A. , Khanna Pawan K.
Published: May 2015

In this work a one-pot microwave assisted synthesis of selenium nanoparticles and their different forms, by decomposition of cyclo-octeno-1,2,3-selenadiazole is described first ever time.
Rechargeable Co3O4 porous nanoflake carbon nanotube nanocomposite lithium-ion battery anodes with enhanced energy performances
Authors: Qiu Song , Gu Hongbo , Lu Guixia , Liu Jiurong , Li Xiaoyu , Fu Ya , Yan Xingru , Hu Chenxi , Guo Zhanhu
Published: May 2015

Multi-walled carbon nanotube nanocomposites intertwined with porous Co3O4 nanoflakes serve as lithium-ion battery anode materials with enhanced performances.
Two Keggin sandwich-type tungstophosphates modified by open-chain carboxyethyltin groups and transition metals
Authors: Zhang Bai , Zhang Lan-Cui , Zhang Ya-Jun , Su Fang , You Wan-Sheng , Zhu Zai-Ming
Published: May 2015

Two new crystalline Keggin sandwich-type POMs containing open-chain carboxyethyltin groups showed good fluorescence quenching effects and oxidation catalytic activities.
Dynamic crosslinked poly(styrene-block-butadiene-block-styrene) via Diels–Alder chemistry: an ideal method to improve solvent resistance and mechanical properties without losing its thermal plastic behavior
Authors: Bai Jing , Li Hui , Shi Zixing , Tian Ming , Yin Jie
Published: May 2015

Poly(styrene-block-butadiene-block-styrene) (SBS) is a typical example of thermal plastic elastomers (TPE).
Rapid access to phospholipid analogs using thiol-yne chemistry
Authors: Zhou Cun Yu , Wu Haoxing , Devaraj Neal Krishna
Published: May 2015

Membrane-forming phospholipids analogs can be rapidly formed through use of thiol-yne click chemistry.
Solid-phase synthesis provides a modular, lysine-based platform for fluorescent discrimination of nitroxyl and biological thiols
Authors: Loas Andrei , Radford Robert J. , Deliz Liang Alexandria , Lippard Stephen J.
Published: May 2015

A synthetically facile solid-phase approach yields fluorescent Cu(ii)-based lysine conjugates which selectively detect nitroxyl and thiols in live cells.
Convergent chemo-enzymatic synthesis of mannosylated glycopeptides; targeting of putative vaccine candidates to antigen presenting cells
Authors: McIntosh Julie D. , Brimble Margaret A. , Brooks Anna E. S. , Dunbar P. Rod , Kowalczyk Renata , Tomabechi Yusuke , Fairbanks Antony J.
Published: May 2015

Convergent chemo-enzymatic synthesis of mannosylated glycopeptides enhances uptake by human antigen presenting cells whilst preserving the immunogenicity of peptide epitopes.
Systematic re-evaluation of the bis(2-hydroxyethyl)disulfide (HEDS) assay reveals an alternative mechanism and activity of glutaredoxins
Authors: Begas Patricia , Staudacher Verena , Deponte Marcel
Published: May 2015

The sequential kinetic patterns of mono- and dithiol glutaredoxins in the HEDS assay reflect an alternative enzymatic mechanism for the glutathione-dependent reduction of disulfide substrates.
Efficient non-fullerene polymer solar cells enabled by tetrahedron-shaped core based 3D-structure small-molecular electron acceptors
Authors: Liu Yuhang , Lai Joshua Yuk Lin , Chen Shangshang , Li Yunke , Jiang Kui , Zhao Jingbo , Li Zhengke , Hu Huawei , Ma Tingxuan , Lin Haoran , Liu Jing , Zhang Jie , Huang Fei , Yu Demei , Yan He
Published: May 2015

A series of tetraphenyl carbon-group (tetraphenylmethane, tetraphenylsilane and tetraphenylgermane) core based 3D-structure non-fullerene electron acceptors were synthesized and polymer solar cell performances were tested. A power conversion efficiency of up to 4.3% was achieved.
A bio-inspired CO2-philic network membrane for enhanced sustainable gas separation
Authors: Quan Shuai , Li Songwei , Wang Zhenxing , Yan Xingru , Guo Zhanhu , Shao Lu
Published: May 2015

A novel cross-linked PEO membrane derived from the discovered thermo-induced reaction of bio-inspired dopamine exhibited highly enhanced gas transport for sustainable gas separation after impregnation with PEGDME.
Correction: Structural vs. intrinsic carriers: contrasting effects of cation chemistry and disorder on ionic conductivity in pyrochlores
Authors: Perriot Romain , Uberuaga Blas P.
Published: May 2015

Correction for ‘Structural vs. intrinsic carriers: contrasting effects of cation chemistry and disorder on ionic conductivity in pyrochlores’ by Romain Perriot et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015, DOI: 10.1039/c5ta01692d.
Structural, optical, magnetic and half-metallic studies of cobalt doped ZnS thin films deposited via chemical bath deposition
Authors: Akhtar Muhammad Saeed , Alghamdi Yousef G. , Azad Malik Mohammad , Arif Khalil Rana Muhammad , Riaz Saira , Naseem Shahzad
Published: May 2015

Optimized growth of nanocrystalline cobalt doped ZnS thin films on glass substrates was carried out using the CBD method. The structural, morphological, magnetic and optical properties of deposited thin films have been studied.
Managing Identity Tensions during Mobile Ecosystem Evolution
Authors: Lindgren Rikard , Eriksson Owen , Lyytinen Kalle
Published: May 2015

The idea of an ecosystem suggests a holistic framing of how heterogeneous actors relate to one another and of the dynamics of their relationships. Because of the dynamics some relationships will become uncertain, posing significant challenge to the identity of participating organizations. Unfortunately, the Information Systems (IS) literature has not examined how organizations develop and negotiate their identities during ecosystem evolution. We fill this void by exploring identity challenges that Swedish Road Administration (SRA) faced while implementing the Radio Data System – Traffic Message Channel (RDS – TMC) traffic information service. Through a longitudinal case study we follow how SRA's inherited expectations, guiding norms, and standards of sense-giving about its identity prevented it from becoming a flexible service provider within an emerging mobile ecosystem. We record a constant clash – the identity tension – between the old inherited identity of a public road administrator and the aspiring new identity of a digital service provider. To enact a successful identity change, SRA had to engage in a series of change episodes whereby it deliberately implemented new routines that forged novel relationships with actors within the ecosystem. This permitted SRA to gradually align its identity to the evolving needs of the RDS-TMC service ecosystem. Our findings suggest that deliberate attempts to implement innovative mobile services – especially those involving public-private partnerships – trigger intriguing identity ambiguities and role dilemmas, and future research should therefore focus on effective strategies to identify, manage, and resolve inherent identity tensions.
A reconfigurable liquid metal antenna driven by electrochemically controlled capillarity
Authors: Wang M. , Trlica C. , Khan M. R. , Dickey M. D. , Adams J. J.
Published: May 2015

We describe a new electrochemical method for reversible, pump-free control of liquid eutectic gallium and indium (EGaIn) in a capillary. Electrochemical deposition (or removal) of a surface oxide on the EGaIn significantly lowers (or increases) its interfacial tension as a means to induce the liquid metal in (or out) of the capillary. A fabricated prototype demonstrates this method in a reconfigurable antenna application in which EGaIn forms the radiating element. By inducing a change in the physical length of the EGaIn, the operating frequency of the antenna tunes over a large bandwidth. This purely electrochemical mechanism uses low, DC voltages to tune the antenna continuously and reversibly between 0.66 GHz and 3.4 GHz resulting in a 5:1 tuning range. Gain and radiation pattern measurements agree with electromagnetic simulations of the device, and its measured radiation efficiency varies from 41% to 70% over its tuning range.
Semiclassical modelling of finite-pulse effects on non-adiabatic photodynamics via initial condition filtering: The predissociation of NaI as a test case
Authors: Martínez-Mesa Aliezer , Saalfrank Peter
Published: May 2015

Femtosecond-laser pulse driven non-adiabatic spectroscopy and dynamics in molecular and condensed phase systems continue to be a challenge for theoretical modelling. One of the main obstacles is the “curse of dimensionality” encountered in non-adiabatic, exact wavepacket propagation. A possible route towards treating complex molecular systems is via semiclassical surface-hopping schemes, in particular if they account not only for non-adiabatic post-excitation dynamics but also for the initial optical excitation. One such approach, based on initial condition filtering, will be put forward in what follows. As a simple test case which can be compared with exact wavepacket dynamics, we investigate the influence of the different parameters determining the shape of a laser pulse (e.g., its finite width and a possible chirp) on the predissociation dynamics of a NaI molecule, upon photoexcitation of the A(0+) state. The finite-pulse effects are mapped into the initial conditions for semiclassical surface-hopping simulations. The simulated surface-hopping diabatic populations are in qualitative agreement with the quantum mechanical results, especially concerning the subpicosend photoinduced dynamics, the main deviations being the relative delay of the non-adiabatic transitions in the semiclassical picture. Likewise, these differences in the time-dependent electronic populations calculated via the semiclassical and the quantum methods are found to have a mild influence on the overall probability density distribution. As a result, the branching ratios between the bound and the dissociative reaction channels and the time-evolution of the molecular wavepacket predicted by the semiclassical method agree with those computed using quantum wavepacket propagation. Implications for more challenging molecular systems are given.
Electrode polarization vs. Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars interfacial polarization in dielectric spectra of materials: Characteristic frequencies and scaling laws
Authors: Samet M. , Levchenko V. , Boiteux G. , Seytre G. , Kallel A. , Serghei A.
Published: May 2015

The characteristic frequencies of electrode polarization and of interfacial polarization effects in dielectric spectra of ionic liquids and of polymer bi-layers are determined and systematically analyzed, based on dielectric measurements by means of broadband dielectric spectroscopy, numerical simulations, and analytical calculations. It is shown that, to a large extent, identical scaling laws can be derived for these two dielectric phenomena taking place at external and internal interfaces. Surprisingly, a fundamentally different behavior concerning the interrelation between the characteristic frequencies is found. This brings direct evidence that different manifestations of the phenomenon of electrical polarization can be discriminated by examining the inter-relation governing their characteristic frequencies, which can be of significant importance in disseminating the nature of different contributions appearing in the dielectric spectra of complex materials. Based on our analysis, we derive a new formula, valid for both electrode polarization and interfacial polarization effects, that allows one to determine the conductivity value from the frequency position of the Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars peak. An excellent agreement between experiment and calculations is obtained. The formula can be used, furthermore, to estimate the thickness of the interfacial layers formed due to electrode polarization effects. Values in the order of several nanometers, increasing with decreasing temperature, are reported.
Binder-free highly conductive graphene laminate for low cost printed radio frequency applications
Authors: Huang Xianjun , Leng Ting , Zhang Xiao , Chen Jia Cing , Chang Kuo Hsin , Geim Andre K. , Novoselov Kostya S. , Hu Zhirun
Published: May 2015

In this paper, we demonstrate realization of printable radio frequency identification (RFID) antenna by low temperature processing of graphene ink. The required ultra-low resistance is achieved by rolling compression of binder-free graphene laminate. With compression, the conductivity of graphene laminate is increased by more than 50 times compared to that of as-deposited one. Graphene laminate with conductivity of 4.3 × 104 S/m and sheet resistance of 3.8 Ω/sq (with thickness of 6 μm) is presented. Moreover, the formation of graphene laminate from graphene ink reported here is simple and can be carried out in low temperature (100 °C), significantly reducing the fabrication costs. A dipole antenna based on the highly conductive graphene laminate is further patterned and printed on a normal paper to investigate its RF properties. The performance of the graphene laminate antenna is experimentally measured. The measurement results reveal that graphene laminate antenna can provide practically acceptable return loss, gain, bandwidth, and radiation patterns, making it ideal for low cost printed RF applications, such as RFID tags and wearable wireless sensor networks.
The Renner-Teller effect in HCCCl+(X̃2Π) studied by zero-kinetic energy photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations
Authors: Sun Wei , Dai Zuyang , Wang Jia , Mo Yuxiang
Published: May 2015

The spin-vibronic energy levels of the chloroacetylene cation up to 4000 cm−1 above the ground state have been measured using the one-photon zero-kinetic energy photoelectron spectroscopic method. The spin-vibronic energy levels have also been calculated using a diabatic model, in which the potential energy surfaces are expressed by expansions of internal coordinates, and the Hamiltonian matrix equation is solved using a variational method with harmonic basis functions. The calculated spin-vibronic energy levels are in good agreement with the experimental data. The Renner-Teller (RT) parameters describing the vibronic coupling for the H—C≡C bending mode (ε4), Cl—C≡C bending mode (ε5), the cross-mode vibronic coupling (ε45) of the two bending vibrations, and their vibrational frequencies (ω4 and ω5) have also been determined using an effective Hamiltonian matrix treatment. In comparison with the spin-orbit interaction, the RT effect in the H—C≡C bending (ε4) mode is strong, while the RT effect in the Cl—C≡C bending mode is weak. There is a strong cross-mode vibronic coupling of the two bending vibrations, which may be due to a vibronic resonance between the two bending vibrations. The spin-orbit energy splitting of the ground state has been determined for the first time and is found to be 209 ± 2 cm−1.
A criterion for the existence of zero modes for the Pauli operator with fastly decaying fields
Authors: Benguria R. D. , Van Den Bosch H.
Published: May 2015

We consider the Pauli operator in ℝ3 for magnetic fields in L3/2 that decay at infinity as x−2−β with β > 0. In this case, we are able to prove that the existence of a zero mode for this operator is equivalent to a quantity δ(B), defined below, being equal to zero. Complementing a result from Balinsky et al. [J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 34, L19–L23 (2001)], this implies that for the class of magnetic fields considered, Sobolev, Hardy, and Cwikel, Lieb, Rosenblum (CLR) inequalities hold whenever the magnetic field has no zero mode.
Recurrence relations of the multi-indexed orthogonal polynomials. II
Authors: Odake Satoru
Published: May 2015

In a previous paper, we presented 3 + 2M term recurrence relations with variable dependent coefficients for M-indexed orthogonal polynomials of Laguerre, Jacobi, Wilson, and Askey-Wilson types. In this paper, we present (conjectures of) the recurrence relations with constant coefficients for these multi-indexed orthogonal polynomials. The simplest recurrence relations have 3 + 2ℓ terms, where ℓ (≥M) is the degree of the lowest member of the multi-indexed orthogonal polynomials.
Retrieval of contaminated information using random lasers
Authors: Cui Libin , Shi Jinwei , Wang Yanrong , Zheng Ruqiang , Chen Xiao , Gong Wenping , Liu Dahe
Published: May 2015

Data retrieval are an important information processing task. In optical information processing, the usual method is spatial filtering based on Fourier optics. However, these methods are very difficult to implement in practical applications. In recent years, random lasers due to its cavity free property have attracted widespread attention, but few applications have been reported. Here, we develop an information retrieval method based on random lasers, where the spatial frequency spectrum of a contaminated Fourier transform hologram can be obtained by detecting the temporal frequency spectrum information from random lasing. The hologram information can be reconstructed from an inverse Fourier transform of the spatial frequency spectrum obtained after data processing. This method may potentially find applications in information optics and optical data storage.
Theory and analysis of operating modes in microplasmas assisted by field emitting cathodes
Authors: Venkattraman Ayyaswamy
Published: May 2015

Motivated by the recent interest in the development of novel diamond-based cathodes, we study microplasmas assisted by field emitting cathodes with large field enhancement factors using a simplified model and comparisons with particle-in-cell with Monte Carlo collision (PIC-MCC) simulations and experiments. The model used to determine current-voltage characteristics assumes a linearly varying electric field in the sheath and predicts transition from an abnormal glow to arc mode at moderate current densities in a 1 mm argon gap. The influence of an external circuit is also considered to show the dependence of current as a function of the applied voltage, including potential drop across external resistors. PIC-MCC simulations confirm the validity of the model and also show the significant non-equilibrium nature of these low-temperature microplasmas with electron temperatures ∼1 eV and ion temperatures ∼0.07 eV in the quasi-neutral region. The model is also used to explain experimental data reported for a 1 mm argon gap at a pressure of 2 Torr using three different diamond-based cathodes with superior field emitting properties. The comparison shows that operating conditions in the experiments may not result in significant field emission and the differences observed in current-voltage characteristics can be attributed to small differences in the secondary electron emission coefficient of the three cathodes. However, the model and simulations clearly indicate that field emission using novel cathodes with high field enhancement factors can be used to enhance microplasmas by significantly decreasing the power requirements to achieve a given plasma number density even in gaps at which field emission is traditionally not considered to be a dominant mechanism.
Finite-element view-factor computations for radiant energy exchanges
Authors: Muneer T. , Ivanova S. , Kotak Y. , Gul M.
Published: May 2015

Radiation heat transfer has very many applications within the building services sector. CIBSE (Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers) Guide A provides the physics background and the relevant mathematical functions for radiant energy exchanges between surfaces of different configurations in chapters 2 and 5. The aim of this article is to present procedures for inter-surface radiant energy exchange that range from the most simple (macro-) to most general formulations that are based on a micromesh, finite-element approach. The justification for such detailed procedures and their applicability within the modern building energy simulation software is also covered.
Performance evaluation of photovoltaic thermal greenhouse dryer and development of characteristic curve
Authors: Shyam  , Al-Helal I. M. , Singh Anil Kumar , Tiwari G. N.
Published: May 2015

In the present communication, a newly designed single slope photovoltaic thermal (PVT) roof type greenhouse dryer was studied. The numbers of fans have been optimized for the drying purpose in force mode. In order to optimize the number of fans for PVT roof type greenhouse dryer, experiments have been performed with varying the number of fans in operation. The thermal modeling and experimental validation for the PVT greenhouse dryer has been carried out. The energy matrices have been estimated for the present system and the characteristic curves for thermal energy and exergy have been developed. The optimum number of fan with rated capacity was found to be three in number. However, this condition is not feasible with load condition; therefore, experiments were carried out with single fan in operation. There is a good agreement between the modelled values and experimental results. The energy payback time on overall thermal energy basis for load condition is found to be 3.74 years, whereas it is 12.40 years on exergy basis.
Anomalous crack arrays in anisotropic-strained manganite on scandate substrates
Authors: Ju Changcheng , Xue Fei , Huang Fengzhen , Chen Long-Qing , Lu Xiaomei , Zhu Jinsong , Jensen Henrik Myhre
Published: May 2015

We report that when (La,Sr)MnO3 films grown on orthorhombic (110)o DyScO3 (DSO) substrates once reach a critical thickness, anisotropic patterned cracks are introduced which propagate parallel to [1–10]o direction. The typical surface morphology and cross-sectional TEM are examined in order to clarify the formation of these cracks. The cause of crack propagation through the film and into the substrate is identified as the underlying large anisotropic strain and relatively low stiffness of DSO substrates. The electrical conduction in the crack region is found to be several orders of magnitude higher than that in the uncracked areas of the film. The energy dispersive x-ray-verified La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 deposited into cracks may be responsible for the anomalous conducting behaviors. Finally, a simple model is constructed for estimating substrate fracture toughness and calculating an upper bound of film fracture toughness.
Adsorption of alkali, alkaline-earth, simple and 3d transition metal, and nonmetal atoms on monolayer MoS2
Authors: Li X. D. , Fang Y. M. , Wu S. Q. , Zhu Z. Z.
Published: May 2015

Single adsorption of different atoms on pristine two-dimensional monolayer MoS2 have been systematically investigated by using density functional calculations with van der Waals correction. The adatoms cover alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, main group metal, 3d-transition metals, coinage metal and nonmetal atoms. Depending on the adatom type, metallic, semimetallic or semiconducting behavior can be found in direct bandgap monolayer MoS2. Additionally, local or long-range magnetic moments of two-dimensional MoS2 sheet can also attained through the adsorption. The detailed atomic-scale knowledge of single adsorption on MoS2 monolayer is important not only for the sake of a theoretical understanding, but also device level deposition technological application.
Influence of bovine serum albumin and fetal bovine serum supplementation during in vitro maturation on lipid and mitochondrial behaviour in oocytes and lipid accumulation in bovine embryos
Authors: del Collado Maite , Saraiva Naiara Z. , Lopes Flavia L. , Gaspar Roberta C. , Padilha Luciana C. , Costa Roberta R. , Rossi Guilherme F. , Vantini Roberta , Garcia Joaquim M.
Published: May 2015

Proper oocyte maturation is crucial for subsequent embryo development; however, oocyte mitochondrial and lipid-droplet behaviour are still poorly understood. Although excessive lipid accumulation during in vitro production (IVP) of bovine embryos has been linked with impaired cryotolerance, lipid oxidation is essential for adequate energy supply. Fetal bovine serum (FBS) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) are supplements used during IVP, containing high and low lipid content, respectively. This study aimed to understand how these supplements influence oocyte mitochondrial and lipid behaviour during in vitro maturation (IVM) in comparison to in vivo maturation, as well as their influence on development rates and embryo lipid accumulation during IVP. We demonstrate that only in vivo-matured oocytes maintained correlation between lipid content and active mitochondria. IVM media containing FBS increased total lipid content 18-fold and resulted in higher lipid accumulation in oocytes when compared with media with BSA. IVM using a lower FBS concentration combined with BSA resulted in satisfactory maturation and embryo development and also reduced lipid accumulation in blastocysts. In conclusion, IVM causes changes in mitochondrial and lipid dynamics, which may have negative effects on oocyte development rates and embryo lipid accumulation. Moreover, decreasing FBS concentrations during IVM may reduce embryo lipid accumulation without affecting production rates.
Paleoarchean trace fossils in altered volcanic glass
Authors: Staudigel Hubert , Furnes Harald , DeWit Maarten
Published: May 2015

Significance

The dawn of sustainable life on earth is preserved in the form of fossil or chemical evidence in ancient rock sequences, such as the Barberton Greenstone Belt in South Africa. Studies of sedimentary rocks offered a glimpse at life at the earth’s surface, and trace fossils in pillow lavas offered evidence for a potential deep biosphere back in time to the Paleoarchean. Recent data cast doubt on the biogenicity of these putative trace fossils, rejecting their potential in exploring a deep biosphere. We discuss biogenicity of Cenozoic and Archean examples of such putative biocorrosion textures and conclude that microbial origin remains the best explanation for the textures described previously in these Paleoarchean rocks (e.g., >3.4 Ga).
Reversal of mitochondrial defects with CSB-dependent serine protease inhibitors in patient cells of the progeroid Cockayne syndrome
Authors: Chatre Laurent , Biard Denis S. F. , Sarasin Alain , Ricchetti Miria
Published: May 2015

Significance

Ageing is dramatically accelerated in Cockayne syndrome (CS), but the impairments that lead to this phenotype have not been elucidated. The DNA repair proteins CSA or CSB are mutated in CS, but premature ageing is not caused by the DNA repair defect. CSB also affects mitochondrial turnover. Our data reveal a novel pathway that is affected in CS cells. We show that CSB deregulates the expression of a serine protease, which degrades mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma and impairs mitochondrial function. We rescue this defect, by two independent strategies, in primary cells from patients. Our findings open novel possibilities for developing treatments, which are presently missing for CS patients. Abnormalities revealed here might occur at a slower rate during normal physiological ageing.