bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Injection of Secretome of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem
Cells in Articular Cartilage Repair in Sheep Model
Authors: Lubis Andri M.T. , Luthfi Andi Praja Wira Yudha , Pawitan Jeanne Adiwinata , Priosoeryanto Bambang Pontjo , Canintika Anissa Feby
Published: April 2022

Introduction:

Articular cartilage is an avascular, aneural, and alymphatic tissue that has limited capacity to regenerate. Numerous techniques have been employed to repair or regenerate; however, the success rate varies. In fact, most of them result in the formation of fibrocartilage, not hyaline cartilage. The future of treating cartilage defects lies in providing biologic solutions through cartilage regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a promising therapy for cartilage regeneration. These cells secrete factors that enhance cartilage repair. In this study, the effects of intra-articular injection of human umbilical cord MSC (hUC-MSC) secretome on cartilage damage was studied in a sheep model.

Methods:

Standardized rectangular (5x5 mm) full-thickness chondral defects were created in the lateral femoral condyle of 15 adult sheep and debrided down to the subchondral bone plate. Three treatment groups were tested: 4 microfracture perforations using 1.0mm diameter awls (group 1), intra-articular injection of hUC-MSC secretome (group 2), and combination of microfracture and intra-articular injection of hUC-MSC secretome (group 3). Osteochondral repair was assessed at 6 months using established macroscopic and histological analyses.

Results::

Macroscopically, application of combined therapy shows significant improvement of cartilage repair compared to microfracture alone (p=0.004). Microscopically, the application of combined therapy shows significant improvement of cartilage repair compared to secretome injection alone (p=0.031)

Conclusion:

Microfracture combined with injection of hUCB-MSCs secretome could be an effective alternative for repairing articular cartilage defects in vivo.
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and their EVs as Potential Leads for SARSCoV2
Treatment
Authors: Kia Vahid , Eshaghi-Gorji Reza , Mansour Reyhaneh Nassiri , Hassannia Hadi , Hasanzadeh Elham , Gheibi Mobina , Mellati Amir , Enderami Seyed Ehsan
Published: April 2022

In December 2019, a betacoronavirus was isolated from pneumonia cases in China and rapidly
turned into a pandemic of COVID-19. The virus is an enveloped positive-sense ssRNA and causes a severe
respiratory syndrome along with a cytokine storm, which is the main cause of most complications.
Therefore, treatments that can effectively control the inflammatory reactions are necessary. Mesenchymal
Stromal Cells and their EVs are well-known for their immunomodulatory effects, inflammation reduction,
and regenerative potentials. These effects are exerted through paracrine secretion of various factors. Their
EVs also transport various molecules such as microRNAs to other cells and affect recipient cells' behavior.
Scores of research and clinical trials have indicated the therapeutic potential of EVs in various diseases.
EVs also seem to be a promising approach for severe COVID-19 treatment. EVs have also been used
to develop vaccines since EVs are biocompatible nanoparticles that can be easily isolated and engineered.
In this review, we have focused on the use of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and their EVs for the treatment
of COVID-19, their therapeutic capabilities, and vaccine development.
Nanoparticles Targeting Delivery Antagomir-483-5p to Bone Marrow
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Treat Osteoporosis by Increasing Bone Formation
Authors: Zhou Yue , Jia Hao , Hu Aihua , Liu Rangru , Zeng Xiangzhou , Wang Hua
Published: April 2022

Background:

Promoting bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) osteoblastic differentiation
is a promising therapeutic strategy for osteoporosis (OP). The present study demonstrates that miR-
483-5p inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Therefore, selectively delivering the nanoparticles
carrying antagomir-483-5p (miR-483-5p inhibitor) to BMSCs is expected to become an effective
treatment drug for OP.

Methods:

Real-time PCR assays were used to analyze miR-483-5p, ALP and Bglap levels in BMSCs of
ovariectomized and aged osteoporotic mice. Immunoglobulin G and poloxamer-188 encapsulated the
functional small molecules, and a BMSC-targeting aptamer was employed to confirm the direction of the
nanoparticles to selectively and efficiently deliver antagomir-483-5p to BMSCs in vivo. Luciferase assays
were used to determine the target genes of miR-483-5p. Western blot assays and immunohistochemistry
staining were used to detect the targets in vitro and in vivo.

Results:

miR-483-5p levels were increased in BMSCs of ovariectomized and aged osteoporotic mice.
Inhibiting miR-483-5p levels in BMSCs by antagomir-483-5p in vitro promoted the expression of bone
formation markers, such as ALP and Bglap. The FAM-BMSC-aptamer-nanoparticles carrying antagomir-
483-5p were taken up by BMSCs, resulting in stimulation of BMSC osteoblastic differentiation in vitro
and osteoporosis prevention in vivo. Furthermore, our research demonstrated that mitogen-activated protein
kinase 1 (MAPK1) and SMAD family member 5 (Smad5) were direct targets of miR-483-5p in regulating
BMSC osteoblastic differentiation and osteoporosis pathological processes.

Conclusions:

The important therapeutic role of FAM-BMSC-aptamer-nanoparticles carrying antagomir-
483-5p in osteoporosis was established in our study. These nanoparticles are a novel candidate for the
clinical prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. The optimized, targeted drug delivery platform for
small molecules will provide new ideas for treating clinical diseases.
Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients with Renal Failure: Saviour or Succourer
Authors: Varghese Benoy , Rajagopalan Arul , Arunachalam Jegan , Prasath Arun , Durai Rakesh
Published: April 2022

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in critically ill patients with renal failure, with many requiring renal replacement therapies. Unfortunately, many of them are too critically ill to tolerate intermittent hemodialysis. In the setting of limited resources, we did bedside acute intermittent peritoneal dialysis for critically ill COVID-19 patients with hemodynamic instability with or without ventilator support admitted to our intensive care unit.

Objective:

The aim of the study was to determine the outcome of intermittent peritoneal dialysis in critically ill COVID-19 patients.

Methods:

Our retrospective observational study included 91 patients with critically ill SARS-CoV2 infection and renal failure admitted to the intensive care unit of our hospital from July 2020 to September 2021, who underwent acute intermittent peritoneal dialysis.

Results:

The demographic, laboratory, and treatment parameters were compared between survivors and non-survivors. Variables, like increased mean age (49.88 vs. 59.07 years), presence of diabetes mellitus (36.4% vs. 63.8%), increased lung involvement (57.3% vs. 75.0%), mechanical ventilation (15.2% vs. 70.7%), systolic (84.3 vs. 77.5 mm of Hg) and diastolic (59.09 vs. 42.93 mm of Hg) blood pressures, were associated with poor outcomes. The use of hypertonic PD (63.6% vs. 37.9%), better urea reduction ratios (44.33 vs. 39.84), and increased PD cycles (66.52 vs. 44.26) were associated with a better outcome. Complications, like haemorrhage and peritonitis, occurred in 10.9%.

Conclusion:

PD is a cost-effective bedside RRT that can be considered an effective option in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Good urea clearance, hemodynamic stability, and minimal resource requirements are also the features that favour peritoneal dialysis.
Stress, Depression, Anxiety, and Burnout among Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Study in a Tertiary Centre
Authors: Jaber Mohammad J. , AlBashaireh Ahmad M. , AlShatarat Mohammad H. , Alqudah Ola M. , Du Preez Susanna E. , AlGhamdi Khalid S. , AlTmaizy Hind M. , Abo Dawass Mohammad A.
Published: April 2022

Background:

Healthcare workers have been known to suffer from depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues as a result of their profession. Healthcare professionals were already vulnerable to mental health issues prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, but now they are even more prone to stress and frustration.

Objective:

The study aimed to assess stress, depression, anxiety, and burnout among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, it assessed the relationship between stress, depression, anxiety, burnout, and COVID-19 related stress.

Methods:

A cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlative design was adopted to assess stress, depression, anxiety, and burnout among healthcare workers and determine the relationship among these variables during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results:

The response rate was 87.6% (831 out of 949), the majority of the participants were nurses (87.4%), and 38.4% were working in inpatient settings. The means of COVID-19 related anxiety (17.38 ± 4.95) and burnout (20.16 ± 6.33) were high and tended to be in the upper portion of the total scores. Participants reported moderate to extremely severe levels of stress (26.5%), anxiety (55.8%), and depression (37.2%). Males reported a higher level of stress (16.59 ± 10.21vs.13.42 ± 9.98, p = 0.002) and depression (14.97 ± 10.98vs.11.42 ± 10.56, p = 0.001). COVID-19 related anxiety was significantly correlated with participants’ professions (p = 0.004). Burnout (p = 0.003) and depression (p = 0.044) were significantly correlated with the participants’ working area. Significant positive correlations were found between stress, depression, anxiety, burnout, and COVID-19 related stress.

Conclusion:

Healthcare workers may experience considerable psychologic distress as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic due to providing direct patient care, quarantine, or self-isolation. Healthcare workers who were at high risk of contracting COVID-19 appeared to have psychological distress, burnout, and probably, chronic psychopathology. Frontline staff, especially nurses, were at higher risk of showing higher levels of psychological and mental health issues in the long term.
A Review of Computational Approaches Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease to the Discovery of New Potential Antiviral Compounds
Authors: Castillo-Garit Juan A. , Cañizares-Carmenate Yudith , Pham-The Hai , Pérez-Doñate Virginia , Torrens Francisco , Pérez-Giménez Facundo
Published: April 2022

The new pandemic caused by the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has become the biggest challenge that the world is facing today. It has been creating a devastating global crisis, causing countless deaths and great panic. The search for an effective treatment remains a global challenge owing to controversies related to available vaccines. A great research effort (clinical, experimental, and computational) has emerged in response to this pandemic, and more than 125000 research re-ports have been published in relation to COVID-19. The majority of them focused on the discovery of novel drug candidates or repurposing of existing drugs through computational approaches that significantly speed up drug discovery. Among the different used targets, the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), which plays an essential role in coronavirus replication, has become the preferred target for computational studies. In this review, we examine a representative set of computational studies that use the Mpro as a target for the discovery of small-molecule inhibitors of COVID-19. They will be divided into two main groups, structure-based and ligand-based methods, and each one will be subdivided according to the strategies used in the research. From our point of view, the use of combined strategies could enhance the possibilities of success in the future, permitting to devel-opment of more rigorous computational studies in future efforts to combat current and future pan-demics.
Editorial. Una mirada transversal al mundo contemporáneo
Authors: Molano Vega Mario Alejandro
Published: April 2022

Iniciada ya la tercera década del siglo xxi, es evidente que el mundo globalizado y la nueva revolución industrial propiciada por las tecnologías digitales plantean a las sociedades nuevos retos de enormes dimensiones en materia de la garantía de los derechos de los ciudadanos. Nuestra entrega actual de la Revista Razón Crítica, la número 12, puede leerse como una suerte de diagnóstico transversal de algunas de estas problemáticas a escala mundial, incluso allí donde la referencia inmediata son los contextos locales de algunas comunidades.
Onze man in Le Havre (1914-1919). De perceptie van Paul Kenis, schrijver en Vlaams ambtenaar bij de regering in ballingschap
Authors: Stynen Ludo
Published: April 2022

Auteur en ambtenaar Paul Kenis was in 1914-1918 in dienst van de Belgische regering in ballingschap in Le Havre. In zijn ongepubliceerde dagboek, een feuilleton in Ons Vaderland, en andere (on)uitgegeven teksten schetst hij een beeld van de stad, de militairen en politici, de pers, de vluchtelingen en de evolutie binnen de Vlaamse beweging. Het dagboek toont bovendien zijn soms dubieuze keuzes en opvattingen. Het materiaal werpt niet alleen licht op een nauwelijks gedocumenteerd aspect van de Eerste Wereldoorlog, het is tevens verhelderend voor de biografie van de auteur. Deze bijdrage is een eerste verkenning van totnogtoe onbestudeerde en ten dele onbekende bronnen.__________________________
Our Man in Le Havre (1914-1919). The impressions of Paul Kenis: Writer and Flemish civil servant for the Belgian government in exile.Author and civil servant, Paul Kenis, was employed by the Belgian government in exile in Le Havre during the First World War. In his unpublished diary, a serial in Ons Vaderland, and some other (un)published texts, he comments on the town, the military and the politicians, the press, the refugees, and the evolution within the Flemish Movement. Moreover, the diary shows his ambiguous choices and ideas. Not only does the material shed light on a hardly studied aspect of the First World War, it is of biographical importance as well. This article is a first inquiry into never studied and in part unknown sources.
Температурные зависимости межслойной обменной константы трехслойных пленок FeNi/Dy/FeNi, исследованные динамическим методом
Authors: Важенина И.Г. , Столяр С.В. , Яковчук В.Ю. , Рауцкий М.В. , Исхаков Р.С.
Published: April 2022

Three-layer FeNi/Dy/FeNi films were studied by the ferromagnetic resonance method in the temperature range from 4 to 300 К. The detected acoustic and optical peaks in the microwave absorption spectra demonstrate that there is exchange coupling between the ferromagnetic FeNi layers of the planar system, which allows us to define the sign and value of the interlayer exchange interaction constant. The temperature dependences of the interlayer exchange constant of the three-layer films with an interlayer thickness of Dy equal to 5 and 10 nm show a number of features (change of the sign and extreme point) which reflect the transformation of the Dy magnetic structure
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Angiography of Physiological and Pathological Pregnancy Placentas Ex Vivo: Protocol for a Prospective Pilot Study
Authors: Dap Matthieu , Chen Bailiang , Banasiak Claire , Hossu Gabriela , Morel Olivier , Beaumont Marine , Bertholdt Charline
Published: April 2022

Background

Preeclampsia (PE) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are 2 major pregnancy complications due to abnormal placental vasculogenesis. Data on whole fetoplacental vasculature are still missing; hence, these pathologies are not well understood. Ex vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) angiography has been developed to characterize the human placental vasculature by injecting a contrast agent within the umbilical cord.

Objective

The primary objective of this study is to compare the placental vascular architecture between normal and pathological pregnancies. This study’s secondary objectives are to (1) compare texture features on MRI between groups (normal and pathological), (2) quantitatively compare the vascular architecture between both pathological groups (pathological IUGR, and pathological PE), (3) evaluate the quality of the histological examination in injected placentas, and (4) compare vascularization indices to histological characteristics.

Methods

This is a prospective controlled study. We expect to include 100 placentas: 40 from normal pregnancies and 60 from pathological pregnancies (30 for IUGR and 30 for PE). Ex vivo MR image acquisition will be performed shortly after delivery and with preparation by injection of a contrast agent in the umbilical cord. The vascular architecture will be quantitatively described by vascularization indices measured from ex vivo MRI angiography data. Comparisons of vascularization indices and texture features in accordance with the group and within comparable gestational age will be also performed. After MR image acquisition, placental histopathological analysis will be performed.

Results

The enrollment of women began in November 2019. In view of the recruitment capacity of our institution and the availability of the MRI, recruitment should be completed by March 2022. As of November 2021, we enrolled 70% of the intended study population.

Conclusions

This study protocol aims to provide information about the fetal side of placental vascular architecture in normal and pathological placenta through MRI.

Trial Registration

Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04389099; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04389099

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/35051
Integrating Hepatitis C Care for Opioid Substitution Treatment Patients Attending General Practice: Feasibility, Clinical, and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: McCombe Geoff , Swan Davina , Lambert John S , O’Connor Eileen , Ward Zoe , Vickerman Peter , Avramovic Gordana , Crowley Des , Tinago Willard , Mafirakureva Nyashadzaishe , Cullen Walter
Published: April 2022

Background

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is common among people who inject drugs, yet well-described barriers mean that only a minority have accessed HCV treatment. Recent developments in HCV diagnosis and treatment facilitate innovative approaches to HCV care that improve access to, and uptake of, care by people who inject drugs.

Objective

This study aims to examine feasibility, acceptability, likely clinical effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of an integrated model of HCV care for patients receiving opioid substitution treatment in general practice.

Methods

A pre- and postintervention design with an embedded economic analysis was used to establish the feasibility, acceptability, and clinical and cost-effectiveness of a complex intervention to optimize HCV identification and linkage to HCV treatment among patients prescribed methadone in primary care. The “complex intervention” comprised general practitioner (GP)/practice staff education, nurse-led clinical support, and enhanced community-based HCV assessment of patients. General practices in North Dublin were recruited from the professional networks of the research team and from GPs who attended educational sessions.

Results

A total of 135 patients from 14 practices participated. Follow-up data were collected 6 months after intervention from 131 (97.0%) patients. With regard to likely clinical effectiveness, among patients with HCV antibody positivity, there was a significant increase in the proportions of patients who had a liver FibroScan (17/101, 16.8% vs 52/100, 52.0%; P<.001), had attended hepatology/infectious diseases services (51/101, 50.5% vs 61/100 61.0%; P=.002), and initiated treatment (20/101, 19.8% vs 30/100, 30.0%; P=.004). The mean incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of the intervention was €13,255 (US $13,965.14) per quality-adjusted life-year gained at current full drug list price (€39,729 [US $41,857.48] per course), which would be cost saving if these costs are reduced by 88%.

Conclusions

The complex intervention involving clinical support, access to assessment, and practitioner education has the potential to enhance patient care, improving access to assessment and treatment in a cost-effective manner.
Technology Acceptance and Usability of a Mobile App to Support the Workflow of Health Care Aides Who Provide Services to Older Adults: Pilot Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Miguel Cruz Antonio , Lopez Portillo Hector Perez , Daum Christine , Rutledge Emily , King Sharla , Liu Lili
Published: April 2022

Background

Health care aides are unlicensed support personnel who provide direct care, personal assistance, and support to people with health conditions. The shortage of health care aides has been attributed to recruitment challenges, high turnover, an aging population, the COVID-19 pandemic, and low retention rates. Mobile apps are among the many information communication technologies that are paving the way for eHealth solutions to help address this workforce shortage by enhancing the workflow of health care aides. In collaboration with Clinisys EMR Inc, we developed a mobile app (Mobile Smart Care System [mSCS]) to support the workflow of health care aides who provide services to older adult residents of a long-term care facility.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to investigate the technology acceptance and usability of a mobile app in a real-world environment, while it is used by health care aides who provide services to older adults.

Methods

This pilot study used a mixed methods design: sequential mixed methods (QUANTITATIVE, qualitative). Our study included a pre– and post–paper-based questionnaire with no control group (QUAN). Toward the end of the study, 2 focus groups were conducted with a subsample of health care aides (qual, qualitative description design). Technology acceptance and usability questionnaires used a 5-point Likert scale ranging from disagree (1) to agree (5). The items included in the questionnaires were validated in earlier research as having high levels of internal consistency for the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology constructs. A total of 60 health care aides who provided services to older adults as part of their routine caseloads used the mobile app for 1 month. Comparisons of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology constructs’ summative scores at pretest and posttest were calculated using a paired t test (2-tailed). We used the partial least squares structural regression model to determine the factors influencing mobile app acceptance and usability for health care aides. The α level of significance for all tests was set at P≤.05 (2-tailed).

Results

We found that acceptance of the mSCS was high among health care aides, performance expectancy construct was the strongest predictor of intention to use the mSCS, intention to use the mSCS predicted usage behavior. The qualitative data support the quantitative findings and showed health care aides’ strong belief that the mSCS was useful, portable, and reliable, although there were still opportunities for improvement, especially with regard to the mSCS user interface.

Conclusions

Overall, these results support the assertion that mSCS technology acceptance and usability are high among health care aides. In other words, health care aides perceived that the mSCS assisted them in addressing their workflow issues.
Authors' Response to Peer Reviews of “Using Structural Equation Modelling in Routine Clinical Data on Diabetes and Depression: Observational Cohort Study” (Preprint)
Authors: Ronaldson Amy , Freestone Mark , Zhang Haoyuan , Marsh William , Bhui Kamaldeep
Published: April 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

This is the authors' responses to peer review reports related to ms#22912.
Peer Review of “Using Structural Equation Modelling in Routine Clinical Data on Diabetes and Depression: Observational Cohort Study” (Preprint)
Authors:   Anonymous
Published: April 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

This is a peer review report related to MS# 22912
Preliminary investigation of Shift, a novel smartphone application to support junior doctors’ mental health and wellbeing: Examination of symptom progression, usability, and acceptability after one month of use (Preprint)
Authors: Sanatkar Samineh , Counson Isabelle , Mackinnon Andrew , Bartholomew Alexandra , Glozier Nick , Harvey Samuel
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

Shift is a novel smartphone application (app) to provide a digital-first mental health resource to junior doctors. It contains psychoeducational material, cognitive behavioural modules, guided mediations, information on common work stressors, and a section on help-seeking options for psychological problems through workplace and private avenues.

OBJECTIVE

To conduct a preliminary investigation of the usage and potential effectiveness of Shift on depressive and anxiety symptoms (primary outcomes), and work and social functioning, coronavirus safety concerns, and help-seeking (secondary outcomes). This study also sought feedback on whether Shift was seen as an acceptable tool.

METHODS

Junior doctors in New South Wales, Australia were approached through promotional activities from the Ministry of Health, specialist medical colleges, and social media advertisements between June and August 2020. Consenting participants provided online baseline data, used the Shift app for 30 days, and were asked to complete a post-study online questionnaire. Outcomes were analysed under the ITT principle.

RESULTS

A total of 222 (156/222 female, 70%; mean age = 29.2 years) junior doctors provided full baseline data. Of those, 198/222 (89%) downloaded the app, logged into the app about 6 times (M = 5.68, SD = 7.51), completed 4 in-app activities (M = 3.77, SD = 4.36), and spent a total of one hour on in-app activities (M = 52:23, SD = 6:00:18) over 30 days. Post-intervention data were provided by 54/222 (24%) of participants. Depressive and anxiety symptoms significantly decreased between the pre- and post-assessment points as expected, however, doctors’ coronavirus safety concerns significantly increased. Work and social functioning, coronavirus concerns for family and friends, and help seeking did not change significantly. There was no significant relationship between symptom changes and app usage (number of logins, days between first and last login, and total activity time). Most post-study completers (31/54, 57%) rated Shift highly or very highly.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite high levels of non-response to the post-study assessment and increases in coronavirus safety concerns, junior doctors who used the app reported some improvements in depression and anxiety that warrant further exploration in a robust manner.

CLINICALTRIAL

The study was prospectively registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry under the trial number ACTRN12620000571976.
La responsabilidad social universitaria en el modelo de apertura de sedes regionales: el caso de la ciudad de Antofagasta
Authors: Gaete Quezada Ricardo
Published: April 2022

Desde 1981 las universidades chilenas se enfrentan a la creciente necesidad de autofinanciar sus actividades debido a que el Estado ha disminuido los recursos económicos directos que proporcionaba a las universidades, particularmente a las estatales, entregando los aportes fiscales a través de fondos concursables o asignándolos de acuerdo al cumplimiento de ciertos estándares de calidad, lo que ha obligado a algunas universidades a desarrollar un modelo de apertura de sedes regionales a lo largo del país como una estrategia para autofinanciarse. El propósito del presente artículo es analizar los resultados obtenidos en las entrevistas realizadas con carácter exploratorio-descriptivo a los directores de sedes regionales de las universidades actualmente en funcionamiento en la ciudad chilena de Antofagasta, respecto de la percepción y presencia del concepto de responsabilidad social universitaria como uno de los criterios a considerar en el funcionamiento de las sedes regionales en cuanto estrategia de autofinanciamiento.
Experimental study of elastic-plastic deformation of a cylindrical shell made of steel 45
Authors: Cheremnykh Stepan V.
Published: April 2022

Relevance. The use of shells as thin-walled structures for various industries is very diverse. Spherical shells are widely used in the aircraft industry, circular cylindrical shells are used in the oil and gas industry, and more than 30 analytical forms of shells have been used in the construction industry. All elements of shell structures are undoubtedly subject to various strength calculations. Also, a separate role in the study is occupied by the experimental part, which confirms or refutes the calculated equations, this indicates the undoubted perspective and relevance of modeling the loading of shell structures. The aim of the study is to assess the condition of a thin-walled shell under three-parameter loading by tensile, compression and torsion forces. Methods. Experimental studies on the deformation of shells carried out in laboratory conditions on prototypes made of steel 45 GOST 1050-2013 are presented, and the loading conditions of the sample are modeled, similar to the possible conditions for applying loads to existing structures. Results. Experimental diagrams of deformation of the sample material in various planes are given, the development of deformation of the shell after applying joint efforts of stretching and torsion, as well as compression and torsion to the destruction of the material is estimated. For the relevance of the conducted experiment, a real design has been selected, which, when certain conditions are created, can experience appropriate experimental loads.
PUBLIC OPINION AND CONTROL OVER TERRORISM AND INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM (HISTORY AND MODERNITY)
Authors:   Московский университет МВД России им. В.Я. Кикотя, Москва, Россия, Евгений Григорьевич Ляхов ,   Российская таможенная академия, Москва, Россия, Александр Васильевич Попов ,   Южный федеральный университет, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Денис Евгеньевич Ляхов ,   Российский государственный гуманитарный университет, Москва, Россия
Published: April 2022

The article in part I examines the efforts of the scientific community and specialists on the problems of combating terrorism and international terrorism in the late 80s - early 90s of the XX century in the framework of the forum "Joint Response to International Terrorism" of Soviet, American (USA) and Western European scientists, journalists, special services employees (in personal capacity)who have formulated recommendations to jointly counter these threats to the Individual, national societies, states and the world community. Part II of the article considers the efforts of the public, States and international bodies, and organizations to maintain public order and law and order at the national (domestic) level, the World Order and international law and order in the World Community, protecting them from terrorist and other threats already in the 20s of the 21st century.
PROBLEMS OF JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS IN CASES OF DIVISION OF PROPERTY OF SPOUSES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Ростовский филиал Российского государственного университета правосудия, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Татьяна Гайковна Чебоньян , Светлана Андреевна Закирова ,   Ростовский филиал Российского государственного университета правосудия, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Ольга Ивановна Королевская ,   Ростовский филиал Российского государственного университета правосудия, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия
Published: April 2022

The article analyzes the issues of interpretation and application of legislation regulating the disposal of the common property of former spouses. The main idea of the article is the absence of social and economic prerequisites for the current legal practice of changing the procedure for disposing of the common property of former spouses after divorce, but before the division of property between them. This gap in the legal regulation of the procedure for disposing of the common property of the former spouses creates a disproportion in the degree of protection of the property interests of the former spouses and thus leads to a significant violation of their property rights. The latter, in turn, leads to a significant violation of the fundamental principle of family law of the Russian Federation - the principle of equality of spouses. The article considers the procedure for the division of spouses' property for different regimes of common property (both during marriage and after its dissolution). If the spouses could not come to a mutual agreement on the division of property, then the division will be carried out in court. The author analyzes the difference between a marriage contract and an agreement on the division of property between spouses, the establishment of a regime of common joint and common shared or separate ownership. Novels about digital notaries allow spouses to avoid conflict in the division of jointly acquired property. In addition, the article discusses the conclusion of a mediation agreement on the division of jointly acquired property between spouses as a result of the application of the mediation procedure as an alternative settlement of the dispute.
RUSSIAN SELF-GOVERNMENT IN A HISTORICAL SECTION (IX-XIX centuries)
Authors:   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Наталья Владимировна Звездова
Published: April 2022

The article examines the emergence and development of the main forms of selfgovernment in our country during the pre-revolutionary period. Such a form of national selfgovernment as the Veche is considered. Vecha assemblies became widespread in Russia with the weakening of princely power during the period of feudal fragmentation (the second half of the 11th12th centuries), becoming a form of government in many cities - the centers of individual lands. The heyday of veche activity is associated with the strengthening of the role of citizens in political life. The important role of such a form of self-government as the Zemsky Cathedral, the central corepresentative institution of Russia in the middle of the XVI - end of the XVII centuries, is noted. A description of the Zemstvo authorities that developed as a result of the reform of 1864 is given.
ON THE QUESTION OF IMPLEMENTING REMOTE ELECTRONIC VOTING IN THE ELECTORAL SYSTEM OF RUSSIA
Authors:   Сочинский государственный университет, Сочи, Россия, Светлана Владиславовна Петрова , Анна Вячеславовна Сидорова ,   Сочинский государственный университет, Сочи, Россия
Published: April 2022

The article deals with the implementation of the remote electronic voting system (DEG) in the electoral system of the Russian Federation, the most problematic issues arising in the process of its application (on the example of the last elections to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation).
STRUCTURE OF THE INSTITUTE OF THE SPECIAL PART OF CRIMINAL LAW
Authors:   Кубанский государственный университет, Краснодар, Россия, Руслан Георгиевич Асланян
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the structure of the institution of a special part of criminal law in the prism of a set of normative prescriptions fixed both in the criminal law and having a different branch affiliation. The thesis is substantiated that the institution of a special part of criminal law is a system of regulatory prescriptions. As a result of scientific research, the construction of criminal law protection is recognized as a criterion for the formation and systematization of criminal law institutions.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL FOUNDATIONS OF NATIONAL UNITY OF RUSSIAN SOCIETY
Authors:   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Павел Петрович Баранов
Published: April 2022

The article deals with the issue of legislative support for the idea of a unified public authority based on the analysis of modern Russian legislation in this area. Particular attention is paid to the legislative results of the constitutional reform of 2020, within which the concepts of “public authority”, “public authorities” and “unified system of public authority” were legalized for the first time. The author draws attention to the lack of a common understanding in modern science and legislation of such fundamental categories as "public authority" and "state authority", which greatly complicates the understanding of the constitutional idea of a unified system of public authority.
CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL SUPPORT OF THE NATIONAL POLICY OF RUSSIA
Authors:   Московский государственный областной университет, Москва, Россия, Роман Андреевич Алексеев
Published: April 2022

The article analyzes the main stages of the constitutional and legal regulation of national policy in post-Soviet Russia, provides a comparison of various program documents designed to ensure national unity and protect the rights of citizens regardless of their nationality. The author came to the conclusion that the normative acts adopted in the field of national policy are aimed at creating favorable conditions for the peoples living on the territory of the Russian Federation, are designed to provide them with protection of their national identity and culture. The author of the article makes proposals aimed at clarifying the term "national minorities" used in Russian legislation, on the development of constitutional provisions on the priority resolution of interethnic conflicts through state mediation with the participation of civil society institutions.
A GRID-BASED MULTI-ZONE BURGESS APPROACH FOR FAST PROCEDURAL CITY GENERATION FROM SCRATCH
Authors: ŞAHİNOĞLU Buğra Yener , ÇELİKCAN Ufuk
Published: April 2022

In this work, we present a novel methodology for procedural city generation from scratch, with the main goal of producing realistically structured cities with as little user input as possible. The methodology offers a thorough solution including procedural zone generation, procedural road network generation, procedural parcellation and procedural building generation. As we adopt a Burgess development model, the generated cities are complete with various zones of urban and suburban districts and public structures such as parks, schools, hospitals and police stations. We demonstrate the practicality of the proposed methodology via an application featured with a simple easy-to-use interface. The advantages of the proposed methodology, such as fast generation time and low resource requirements, are demonstrated in comparison to a similar commercial city generation engine.
Human metapneumovirus in hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infections in Beijing, China
Authors: Cong Shanshan , Wang Chao , Wei Tianli , Xie Zhiping , Huang Yi-man , Tan Jingjing , Chen Ai-jun , Ma Fenlian , Zheng Li-shu
Published: April 2022

Background This study aims to described the epidemiology and genotypic
diversity of Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) and the impact of SARS-CoV-2
on the prevalence of HMPV in hospitalized children with Acute
respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) in Beijing, China. Methods From
April 2018 to March 2019 and from September 2020 to August 2021,
nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) from hospitalized children with ARTIs in
Beijing were collected and subjected to real-time polymerase chain
reaction tests for HMPV. Then genotyping, detection of 15 common
respiratory viruses and clinical characteristics were analyzed on HMPV
positive samples. Results 7.9% (124/1572) enrolled paediatric patients
were identified as having HMPV infection, and the majority of children
under the age of 5 (78.2%, 92/124), From April 2018 to March 2019. The
detection rate of HMPV in spring and winter is significantly higher than
that in summer and autumn. The co-infection rate were 37.1% (46/124),
the most common co-infected virus were parainfluenza virus type 3
(HPIV-3). The main diagnosis of HMPV infection was pneumonia
(92.7%,115/124), most patient have cough and fever. Of 78 HMPV-positive
specimens, A2b (82.1%,64/78) were the main epidemic subtypes. .During
the COVID-19 outbreak, Among 232 samples, only 4 cases were
HMPV-positive. After statistical test, the detection rate of HMPV during
the COVID-19 pandemic has decreased significantly compared with that
before the epidemic (p=0.001). Conclusions HMPV is an important cause of
ARTIs in children under 5 years old. Under the prevention and control of
the COVID-19 pandemic, the HMPV infection of hospitalized children with
ARTIs has decreased significantly.
Prophylactic low molecular weight heparin in women with thrombophilia submitted to in vitro fertilization
Authors: LAMBERT JOSE ROBERTO , ueno joji , Fernandes Cesar , Pompei Luciano
Published: April 2022

Abstract Objective: to verify if low molecular weight heparin(LMWH)
could increase pregnancy rates and/or decrease abortion rates in women
with thrombophilia undergoing assisted reproduction cycles. Design:
Retrospective study. 30 Setting: Private infertility clinic. Patients:
Patients submitted to assisted reproduction (total n=104). Women without
thrombophilia (controls, n=20), women with thrombophilia (untreated
group, n=30), and women with thrombophilia, treated with daily
enoxaparin from the day of embryo transfer until week 36 of gestation
(treated group, n=54). Interventions: Enoxaparin treatment for diagnosed
thrombophilia. All women underwent controlled ovarian hyperstimulation,
in vitro fertilization was performed by intracytoplasmic sperm
injection, embryos were transferred on day three. Pregnancy was detected
by β-hCG (biochemical) and fetal heart beat at weeks 5-6. Ongoing
pregnancy was determined by ultrasound on week 12. Main Outcome
Measures: Implantation rate, ongoing pregnancy rate, live birth rate,
early pregnancy loss rate, and abortion rate. Results and conclusion:
Patients in the Untreated Thrombophilia group presented significantly
lower ongoing pregnancy rates and live birth rates, and significantly
higher early pregnancy loss and abortion rates when compared to the
Control or the Treated Thrombophilia groups. In women with diagnosed
coagulation disorders, use of low molecular weight heparin is important
in order to avoid miscarriages.7 Keywords: female infertility;
thrombophilia; enoxaparin; abortion; in vitro fertilization
The effect of 24-epibrassinolide on gene expression related to cell walls under boron deficiency and toxicity in the leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: İşkil Rabia , Surgun-Acar Yonca
Published: April 2022

The changing composition of plant cell walls allows for the continuation of
the existing structure under normal conditions and also the protection of
physical integrity under altering environmental conditions. In this study,
the possible effects of the 24-Epibrassinolide (EBL) hormone under boron (B)
deficiency and toxicity conditions on the expression of cell wall-related
genes [cellulose synthase (CESA), expansin (EXP), xyloglucan
endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) and pectin methylesterase (PME)] were
investigated in the rosette leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana. For this
purpose, 0 or 3000 ?M of boric acid (BA) and/or 1 ?M of EBL were applied to
the plants which were grown in a hydroponic medium for five and ten weeks.
While B-toxicity elevated the mRNA levels of the CESA4 and CESA8 genes in
the leaves of the five-week-old plants, B-stress (B-deficiency and
-toxicity) caused an increase in the expression of the CESA4, CESA6, and
CESA8 genes in the ten-week-old plants. The transcript levels of the EXPA5
gene increased under B-stress in the ten-week-old plants whereas the
expression of the EXPA8 gene decreased when compared to the control at two
developmental stages. Co-treatment of EBL and B-stress strongly elevated the
transcript level of the EXPA5 gene in the ten-week-old plants and the EXPA8
gene at both developmental stages. The EXPA14 and XTH23 genes exhibited
distinct expression profiles under B-deficiency and -toxicity in both the
five- and ten-week-old plants. The transcript level of the XTH21 gene was
upregulated in the leaves of the plants exposed to B-stress. The mRNA level
of the PME2 and PME41 genes was generally upregulated in response to
B-stress in both the five- and ten-week-old plants. 24-Epibrassinolide alone
and in combination with B-stress led to a remarkable increase in the
expression of the XTH and PME genes compared to the control. These results
demonstrate that cell wall genes generally show a similar pattern of
expression at both developmental stages and the EBL hormone induces changes
in the expression levels of cell wall-related genes under B-stress.
Do Firms Modify Investments in Tax Planning to Manage Earnings?
Authors: Wang Yangmei , Cook Kirsten A.
Published: April 2022

SYNOPSIS

We examine whether suspect firms (that precisely meet or narrowly beat earnings benchmarks) decrease investments in tax planning to manage earnings; we refer to this strategy as the direct method of modifying discretionary tax fees to increase net income. We analyze investments in tax planning by suspect firms and find that most suspect firms increase earnings by curtailing these investments. Thus, suspect firms appear to prefer this direct method to the indirect method that prior studies have examined, in which firms increase investments in tax planning to reduce tax expense and, in turn, increase net income. We next examine the association between investments in tax planning by suspect firms and tax avoidance. Our findings suggest that suspect firms that increase investments in tax planning experience reductions in ETRs during the same period. In contrast, suspect firms that decrease investments in tax planning do not experience symmetric increases in ETRs.
A Pilot Program of Interprofessional Care for the Patient with a History of Injectable Drug Use Requiring Intravenous Medication
Authors: Hawes Michelle L.
Published: April 2022

Highlights

Background:

The use of injectable drugs and alcohol increased during the months of lockdown and continual uncertainty of the worldwide response to the COVID-19 virus and its variants. As the world adjusts to living with multiple transmissible viruses, the health care system needs a comprehensive approach to care for people who inject drugs. Although the problem of injectable drug use is wide-ranging, this article will focus on the intersection of the person who injects drugs and the health care system.

Methods & Findings:

After an initial case involving a person who injects drugs requiring 42 days of intravenous antibiotics, the hospital began to develop plans to care for this patient population. Finding gaps in the research, a team at the hospital developed a Substance Use Risk Reduction Program that included a risk assessment scale, an interprofessional communication plan, and a set of protocols, then trialed these components between 2017 and 2019. The program successfully screened and collaborated care for patients with a history of injectable drug use. The goals to increase safety were addressed through the protocols that included tamper-evident technology and frequent observations by the staff. The risks of blood stream infection and overdose while a patient was in the hospital were reduced by using the risk reduction protocols. In addition, repudiated costs were decreased by thousands of dollars because of early planning for transfer from inpatient to outpatient, skilled nursing facility, or long-term acute care for the completion of intravenous therapy.