bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Penggunaan Bahasa Isyarat Indonesia (BISINDO) pada Siswa SLB
Authors: Hajrah  , Azis Abdul , Ilma Rahim
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif bertujuan  mendeskripsikan penguasaan BISINDO kosakata istilah kekerabatan pada siswa SLB Minasa Baji Kabupaten Maros. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa SLB Minasa Baji Kabupaten Maros yang berjumlah 88 siswa. Adapun sampel yang ditetapkan sebanyak 30 siswa ABK tuna wicara SLB Kabupaten Maros. Penarikan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik sampel jenuh dengan pertimbangan subjek yang diteliti mempunyai sifat dan kemampuan yang homogen. Teknik dalam mengumpulkan data adalah teknik tes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan penguasaan BISINDO kosakata istilah kekerabatan pada siswa SLB Minasa Baji Kabupaten Maros dikategorikan cukup. Hal ini disebabkan oleh hasil perolehan persentase yang memperoleh nilai 75 ke atas sebanyak 9 siswa (30%) dan yang memperoleh nilai 75 ke bawah sebanyak 21 siswa (70%). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan BISINDO siswa SLB Minasa Baji Kabupaten Maros tersebut belum mencapai kriteria yaitu 75%.
Comparing The Argumentative Essay Formats of Indonesian and Korean Students Using the Toulmin Model
Authors: Dharmawan Yanuarius Yanu , Ali Helena Verusha , Bayu Andika Prasatyo  , Amaliah Amaliah
Published: November 2023

This study's overarching goal is to dissect and contrast the organizational framework of persuasive compositions generated by Indonesian and Korean (South Korean) pupils who are acquiring English as a secondary language, utilizing the Toulmin model as a theoretical framework for argument assessment. The research sample consisted of five participants from Indonesia, five participants from Korea, five female participants from Indonesia, and five female participants from Korea. Typically, individuals originate from diverse educational and vocational contexts. The articles generated by the authors served as the focal point of an analysis that employed elements of the Toulmin framework. The research's findings imply that there is no appreciable difference between men's and women's levels of reasoning in the two countries. It was evident that a discernible distinction among the participants was the absence of counterargument sections in certain individuals. This study holds significant importance in terms of examining the impact of cultural factors inherent in each nation and its language on the principles of argumentative writing. The results obtained from the investigation conducted in this research. can be employed to improve pedagogical strategies and facilitate the development of writing curricula that are culturally appropriate. It is anticipated that future investigations will facilitate the examination of additional linguistic and cultural attributes, as well as the broadening of the research's purview to encompass a more heterogeneous cohort hailing from a greater array of nations, as well as persons with differing levels of scholarly attainment.
Kajian Narasi Pastoral dalam Puisi-Puisi Karya Pradono
Authors: Binar Kurniasari Febrianti  , Antonius Totok Priyadi  , Agus Wartiningsih
Published: November 2023

Puisi menjadi media pengarang untuk menyuarakan gagasan dan pemikirannya. Puisi bertema lingkungan bisa menjadi ungkapan keresahan dan kritik pengarang terhadap perubahan alam yang terjadi di lingkungan sekitarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis narasi pastoral dalam puisi-puisi karya Pradono dengan pendekatan ekokritik sastra. Puisi-puisi tersebut berjudul Hutan, Sajak di Tengah Ladang, Asam Jawa Gertak Agen, Sungai Singkawang, Kokok Ayam di Punggung Gunung, Gunung, dan Inspirasi Poteng. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan bentuk penelitian kualitatif. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah Antologi sajak Singkawang karya Pradono dan datanya adalah kata, frasa, kalimat yang terdapat dalam buku antologi sajak tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat narasi pastoral dalam puisi bertema ekologi tersebut. Puisi-puisi tersebut mengandung elemen bucolic, yakni karakter polos desa melalui keasrian hutan, sungai, dan gunung, mata pencaharian khas desa, yaitu peladang. Elemen arcadia berupa unsur idylls atau gambaran pedesaan alami yang seiring waktu mengalami perubahan, nostalgia kerinduan akan lingkungan yang bersih di masa lalu, dan georgic atau detail pekerjaan sebagai peladang singkong dan jagung. Narasi pastoral dalam puisi-puisi Pradono mengajak masyarakat pembaca memiliki kesadaran melestarikan lingkungan dengan berlandaskan etika lingkungan. Selain itu, keberadaan karya satra, khususnya puisi dapat menjadi media pendidikan serta potret sosial budaya tentang kondisi yang terjadi lingkungan sekitar.
Strategi Bertutur Masyarakat Diglosia dalam Ragam Bahasa Madura Kecamatan Besuki Kabupaten Situbondo
Authors: Firdausy Rohmah  , Martutik Martutik , Roekhan Roekhan
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan strategi bertutur ragam bahasa Madura pada masyarakat diglosia Kecamatan Besuki Kabupaten Situbondo. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Orientasi teoretis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori sosiolinguistik. Data penelitian ini berupa kata atau kalimat dalam tuturan ragam bahasa Madura, sedangkan sumber data penelitian ini adalah masyarakat diglosia Kecamatan Besuki Kabupaten Situbondo. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode observasi, yaitu teknik simak bebas libat cakap dan teknik rekam. Analisis data yang digunakan penelitian ini terdiri atas tiga tahap, yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan simpulan. Pengecekan keabsahan temuan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan triangulasi lapangan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa Strategi bertutur yang digunakan oleh masyarakat diglosia menunjukkan adanya keberagaman bahasa Madura yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat Kecamatan Besuki Kabupaten Situbondo dalam setiap tuturan. Bahasa Madura memiliki tiga ragam bahasa, yaitu bahasa Madura Enje’-Iye, Enggi-Enten dan Engghi-Bhunten. Ketiga ragam bahasa Madura tersebut digunakan oleh mayoritas masyarakat Kecamatan Besuki sesuai dengan fungsi penggunaan bahasa yang berbeda sehingga dalam menggunakan ragam bahasa Madura tersebut masyarakat menggunakan strategi berbeda dalam menggunakan tuturan tersebut. Adapun strategi bertutur yang ditemukan pada tuturan ragam bahasa Madura masyarakat diglosia Kecamatan Besuki Kabupaten Situbondo terdapat dua strategi, yaitu strategi langsung dan tidak langsung. Strategi langsung yang ditemukan terdiri atas enam data. Enam data tuturan tersebut memiliki rincian, yaitu (1) strategi bertutur langsung berupa tindak permintaan dengan 3 data, (2) strategi bertutur langsung berupa tindak memuji dengan 1 data, (3) strategi bertutur langsung berupa tindak mengeluh dengan 1 data, dan (4) strategi bertutur langsung berupa tindak melarang dengan 1 data, sedangkan strategi tidak langsung yang ditemukan terdiri atas empat data, yaitu (1) strategi tak langsung berupa tindak permintaan dengan tiga data, dan (2) strategi tak langsung berupa tindak permintaan dengan satu data.
STUDI LITERATUR KEPEMIMPINAN PEMBERDAYAAN DALAM KAJIAN FILSAFAT ILMU
Authors: Rohman Isnanda , Mugi Harsono
Published: November 2023

This study examines empowering leadership from the perspective of philosophy (ontology, epistemology, and axiology). The method used in this research is a literature review method by explaining the history, theory, and previous studies. The aim of this study is to investigate the construct of leadership in philosophy of science. This study also provides the development of leadership theories and practices. This study indentifies the antecedents and consequences of empowerment leadership. The antecedents of empowerment leadership are neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness (big 5 personality factors). The consequence of empowerment leadership is leader effectiveness.
Segmentation algorithm for selecting moving objects based on background reconstruction using noise characteristics parameters
Authors:   Institute of Radio Engineering Systems and Control, Southern Federal University, 347928, Russia, Taganrog, Nekrasovsky per., 44, Fedosov V.P. , Ibadov R.R. ,   Institute of Radio Engineering Systems and Control, Southern Federal University, 347928, Russia, Taganrog, Nekrasovsky per., 44, Ibadov S.R. ,   Institute of Radio Engineering Systems and Control, Southern Federal University, 347928, Russia, Taganrog, Nekrasovsky per., 44
Published: November 2023

One of the most important tasks for ensuring life safety is monitoring objects and tracking the behavior of people in urban infrastructure from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAVs). Difficulties arise when the UAVs is used for surveillance in areas that are difficult or unsuitable for humans to access, and then there is a risk of accidents. Therefore, analysis, reconstruction and tracking of objects can help in solving existing cases. As a critical technology in computer vision and video processing, video object segmentation has far-reaching pragmatic and application implications. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for segmenting video objects based on background reconstruction for extracting moving objects from a video sequence taken from a UAVs. In the theoretical part of the work, methods for detecting and segmenting moving objects are considered based on background subtraction algorithms, the optical flow of the Kalman filter. An exact mask for detecting changes is proposed, taking into account the estimate of the threshold of noise characteristics, as well as an algorithm for detecting movements. A qualitative analysis of the background reconstruction error was carried out using a statistical criterion. A modified algorithm for obtaining a change detection mask (MDM) using a threshold estimated using noise characteristics is proposed. The results of segmentation of objects, calculation of the root-mean-square error of background reconstruction for the proposed method when extracting moving objects are shown. The developed method allows you to effectively recognize and extract moving objects in a video sequence. This algorithm is suitable for the case when the UAVs freezes in the air. After the background reconstruction, there are small defects that can be eliminated using morphological operations.
Exploring the Effects of European Union Conditionality Language on European Mediterranean Human Rights Dialogue
Authors: Islam Helmy Rihan
Published: November 2023

منذ أكثر من عقد من الزمان، اتسم حوار حقوق الإنسان في المنطقة الأوربية المتوسطية بعدد من التوترات. وعلى الرغم من أن عددا من العوامل تساهم في هذه المنازعات، فإن أثر مشروطية حقوق الإنسان- التي تربط تقدم التعاون الاقتصادي للاتحاد الأوربي بالبلدان الشريكة في النهوض بحقوق الإنسان- على الحوار لم تدرس. بعد، ولذا فان فهم جوانب وآثار المشروطية على العلاقات الأوربية المتوسطة أمرًا بالغ الأهمية لتعزيز الحوار خاصة وان هذا المتغير بالكامل لم يتم تناوله في الأبحاث الأكاديمية. ويخلص البحث إلى عدة آثار مباشرة وغير مباشرة للمشروطية على الحوار بشأن حقوق الإنسان باستعمال نهج منهجي مختلط، وتنعكس الآثار المباشرة في الرفض الواسع النطاق للغة المشروطية التي تستعملها مؤسسات الاتحاد الأوربي، مما يعرض الهوية المعيارية للاتحاد الأوربي لتدقيق مكثف من جيرانه الجنوبيين، وتشمل الآثار غير المباشرة الشكوك والتصورات بأن الاتحاد الأوربي يسيّس حقوق الإنسان لمصلحته الخاصة.
الدبلوماسية والقوة الناعمة الصينية تجاه منطقة الشرق الاوسط بعد عام 2011م
Authors: اسراء خليل مجيد
Published: November 2023

تتناول الدراسة الدبلوماسية والقوة الناعمة للصين في منطقة الشرق الأوسط، وتركز الدراسة تحديدا على أدوات ومرتكزات الدبلوماسية الناعمة للصين وكيف تحقق أهداف الصين في المنطقة. علاوة على تحدياتها في المنطقة. وفى هذا الصدد، تركز الدراسة أيضا على مبادرة الحزام والطريق الصينية ومرتكزاتها الناعمة وكيف تخدم الدبلوماسية والقوة الناعمة للصين في المنطقة. وقد خرجت الدراسة بمجموعة من النتائج، لعل أبرزها غدت الدبلوماسية والقوة الناعمة ركيزة أساسية في السياسة الخارجية للصين لتحقيق أهدافها الخارجية ولتأسيس نظام دولي متوافق مع مبادئ الصين. أما في منطقة الشرق الأوسط، فقد رسخت الصين سياسة في المنطقة لأجل تحقيق أهدافها خاصة تأمين حصتها من النفط قائمة على عدم التدخل والحياد، وقد أصبحت تلك السياسة ركيزة أساسية للدبلوماسية والقوة الناعمة للصين وتعزيز صورتها الإيجابية في المنطقة. وأعطت مبادرة الحزام والطريق التي روجتها الصين في المنطقة دفعة قوية للقوة الناعمة للصين وتعزيز صورتها الإيجابية. لاسيما وأن المبادرة في حد ذاتها قائمة على منطلقات ناعمة وحضارية ويمثل شعار تحقيق المكسب للجميع الشعار الرئيسي للمبادرة. ومع ذلك، لاتزال تواجه الدبلوماسية والقوة الناعمة للصين في المنطقة العديد من التحديات الكبيرة، ومن أهمها صعوبة المنافسة مع القوة الناعمة الغربية خاصة الأمريكية، أو عدم جاذبية القوة الناعمة للصين أمام مثيلتها الغربية.
Geophysical Processes in the Arctic and the System Analysis of their Impact on Operation and Development of the Transport Infrastructure
Authors: Gvishiani A. D. , Rozenberg I. N. , Soloviev A. A.
Published: November 2023

The scientific research that has become the subject of consideration in this article is related to assessment of the influence of geophysical factors on sustainable functioning of transport systems and the system analysis of their impact on the transport infrastructure at the Arctic latitudes. The research is a new direction in the field of study of operational reliability of transport systems and scientific support for development of transport infrastructure in the Russian Arctic.The paper touches upon the issues of reliability and possible failures of technical equipment under the influence of space weather, and also discusses multifaceted problems of safety and efficiency of development of transport systems considering new data on the structure and properties of the lithosphere referring to thawing of permafrost and mineral deposits. A separate section is devoted to new information on seismic activity and seismic hazard assessment in areas of operation and promising development of the transport infrastructure of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF).Intellectual accounting and generalisation of the obtained interdisciplinary results together with their visualisation are provided by geoinformatics methods. The paper presents also the results of adoption of modern geodatabase management systems, of the application of modern technologies of geoportals and interactive spherical visualisations for qualitative presentation of new geophysical knowledge obtained in the course of research.
High resolution landslide susceptibility mapping using ensemble machine learning and geospatial big data
Authors: sharma nirdesh , Saharia Manabendra , Ramana GV
Published: November 2023

Landslide susceptibility represents the potential of slope failure for given geo-environmental conditions. The existing landslide susceptibility maps suffer from several limitations, such as being based on limited data, heuristic methodologies, low spatial resolution, and small areas of interest. In this study, we overcome all these limitations by developing a probabilistic framework that combines imbalance handling and ensemble machine learning for landslide susceptibility mapping. We employ a combination of One -Sided Selection and Support Vector Machine Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SVMSMOTE) to eliminate class imbalance and develop smaller representative data from big data for model training. A blending ensemble approach using hyperparameter tuned Artificial Neural Networks, Random Forests, and Support Vector Machine, is employed to reduce the uncertainty associated with a single model. The methodology provides the landslide susceptibility probability and a landslide susceptibility class. A thorough evaluation of the framework is performed using receiver operating characteristic curves, confusion matrices, and the derivatives of confusion matrices. This framework is used to develop India's first national-scale machine learning based landslide susceptibility map. The landslide database is carefully curated from global and local inventories, and the landslide conditioning factors are selected from a multitude of geophysical and climatological variables. The Indian Landslide Susceptibility Map (ILSM) is developed at a resolution of 0.001o (~100 m) and is classified into five classes: very low, low, medium, high, and very high. We report an accuracy of 95.73%, sensitivity of 97.08%, and matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.915 on test data, demonstrating the accuracy, robustness, and generalizability of the framework for landslide identification. The model classified 4.75% area in India as very highly susceptible to landslides and detected new landslide susceptible zones in the Eastern Ghats, hitherto unreported in the government landslide records. The ILSM is expected to aid policymaking in disaster risk reduction and developing landslide prediction models.
Opposite direction spatial working memory biases in people with schizophrenia and healthy controls
Authors: Gold James , Bansal Sonia , Robinson Benjamin , Anticevic Alan , Luck Steven J
Published: November 2023

Recent research has shown that spatial working memory representations are biased by prior trials such that current trial responses are attracted to previous trial responses ( serial dependence). We examined this effect in a sample of 41 people with schizophrenia and 32 healthy controls using a single item spatial working memory test with delay intervals of 0,2,4, and 8 seconds. People with schizophrenia and healthy controls showed opposite direction serial dependence bias effects. The attraction bias increased as a function of delay in healthy controls. In contrast, people with schizophrenia demonstrated a repulsion bias relative to the preceding trial that increased as a function of increasing delay intervals. The magnitude of this repulsion bias correlated negatively with broad measures of cognitive ability and working memory capacity in people with schizophrenia, suggesting this repulsion bias indexes an important process. Such opposite direction effects are very rare in the schizophrenia literature.
Reliable, rapid, and remote measurement of metacognitive bias
Authors: Fox Celine A , McDonogh Abbie , Donegan Kelly Rose , Teckentrup Vanessa , Crossen Robert , Hanlon Anna , Gallagher Eoghan , Rouault Marion , Gillan Claire
Published: November 2023

Metacognitive biases have been repeatedly associated with transdiagnostic psychiatric dimensions of ‘anxious-depression’ and ‘compulsivity and intrusive thought’, cross-sectionally. To progress our understanding of the underlying neurocognitive mechanisms, new methods are required to measure metacognition remotely, within individuals over time. We developed a gamified smartphone task designed to measure metacognitive (confidence) bias and investigated its psychometric properties across two studies (N=3410 unpaid citizen scientists, N=52 paid participants). We assessed convergent validity, split-half and test-retest reliability, and identified the minimum number of trials required to capture its clinical correlates. Convergent validity of metacognitive bias was moderate (r(50)=0.64, p<0.001) and it demonstrated excellent split-half reliability (r(50)=0.91, p<0.001). Anxious-depression was associated with decreased confidence (B=-0.23, SE=0.02, p<0.001), while compulsivity and intrusive thought was associated with greater confidence (B=0.07, SE=0.02, p<0.001). The associations between metacognitive biases and transdiagnostic psychiatry dimensions are evident in as few as 40 trials. Metacognitive biases in decision-making are stable within and across sessions, exhibiting very high test-retest reliability for the 100-trial (ICC=0.86, N=110) and 40-trial (ICC=0.86, N=120) versions of Meta Mind. Hybrid ‘self-report cognition’ tasks may be one way to bridge the recently discussed reliability gap in computational psychiatry.
“Mom-and-pop” Landlords and Regulatory Backlash: A Seattle Case Study
Authors: Reosti Anna , Hess Chris , Allen Courtney , Crowder Kyle
Published: November 2023

Against the backdrop of an acute rental affordability crisis and a resurgent tenant’s rights movement, rental industry groups have frequently argued that tenant protection laws disproportionately harm “mom-and-pop” landlords and, by extension, the disadvantaged tenants they serve. We leverage a changing regulatory environment in Seattle to provide a rare empirical interrogation of these claims. Our analysis of a novel set of consumer data linked with parcel records provides no evidence that tenant protection laws drove “mom-and-pop” landlords out of the rental market. Moreover, our analysis of a survey of almost four thousand Seattle landlords suggests that “mom-and-pop” landlords utilize management practices that are largely similar to those employed by landlords with larger rental portfolios. Our findings run counter to pervasive political narratives regarding the detrimental effects of tenant protection regulations on the small-scale rental sector and bring needed attention to the repercussions of claims-making for stratification in the housing context.
A New Opening: Presidential Address for the 11th World Congress of the IASA, Katowice, Poland, 7-10 September 2023
Authors: Jędrzejko Paweł
Published: November 2023

The article opening the present issue is based on Paweł Jędrzejko's "Presidential Address" prepared for the audiences of the 11th World Congress of the International American Studies Association. Offering an insight into the most recent transformations of the IASA and of its journal, the Review of International American Studies, the author of the text pays homage to scholars, whose committment has proven instrumental for the development of the Organization itself, but also for the standing of the RIAS, which enjoys the status of a ranking periodical. The article, essentially historical in its assumptions, indicates the need of the adjustment of the Organization's bylaws to account for the changing academic reality in which it now functions.
Feasibility and Acceptability of a Multiple Mini-interview Format for Evaluation of Small Animal Internal Medicine Residency and Internship Candidates
Authors: Hill Tracy L. , Smith Jo R.
Published: November 2023

The multiple mini-interview (MMI) format assesses candidates’ performance in various competencies and is becoming commonplace in medical school and residency programs. This interview format compares to and surpasses the traditional interview in validity, reliability, feasibility, and acceptability. We developed a MMI to assess resident and specialty intern candidates for Small Animal Internal Medicine over a 3-year period. Our aims were to assess acceptability by obtaining impressions from interviewers and candidates of the MMI process and to evaluate feasibility by quantifying time required. In total, 61 resident candidates completed the survey, a response rate of 70% of total interviewees. Respondents reported the MMI as more stressful (82%, 95% CI: 70%, 91%) and less enjoyable (62%, 95% CI: 49%, 74%). While 54% (95% CI: 41%, 67%) of respondents preferred a traditional interview process, 70% (95% CI: 57%, 81%) perceived that the MMI was fairer and 51% (95% CI: 38%, 64%) felt it allowed them to better demonstrate their strengths. Most (63%, 95% CI: 49%, 75%) reported that their experience with the MMI would lead them to rank the program more highly. Interviewers preferred the MMI process due to improved perceived fairness and time efficiency. MMI required less total time, 29.5 hours versus 112 hours for the traditional interview over 3-years ( p = .002) and lower per applicant time investment (.34 hours/applicant vs. 1.2 hours/applicant, p = .0001). In conclusion, the MMI process was acceptable to interviewees, preferred by interviewers, and was feasible in terms of time savings compared to traditional interviews.
STUDY OF THE ELASTICITY OF CUSTOMER DEMAND FOR THE PRICE OF THE USE OF FREIGHT WAGONS
Authors: Malitskiy Vitalii V.  , Reznik Nadiia P.
Published: November 2023

Pricing for the service of using freight cars using data from past periods reduces the income of JSC «Ukrzaliznytsia». The transition to the market price of the service will allow the company to increase demand and income from the use of freight cars.
A strategic approach to information literacy: data literacy. A systematic review
Authors: Pinto María , Caballero-Mariscal David , García-Marco Francisco-Javier , Gómez-Camarero Carmen
Published: November 2023

This research addresses the growing social importance of data from an educational perspective through data literacy (DL), seeking to integrate it into the broader information literacy (Infolit) movement. For this purpose, a systematic review was carried out of the papers in the main collection of the Web of Science that contain both concepts (DL and Infolit) and that were indexed up until March 2023. External aspects, such as the growth of the research and the identity, nationality, professional scope, and productivity of the authors, were taken into account. In addition, internal aspects, such as context (theory, frameworks, definitions, models, and related disciplines), objectives, methodology, results, conclusions, and recommendations, were analyzed to obtain a detailed perspective of the scientific research process adopted. A synchronic and diachronic analysis of the corpus of selected articles is offered, focusing on the aforementioned aspects. The researchers’ consensus on the urgency of addressing data training both generally and specifically in the different disciplines, languages, environments, and levels is evident. The emergent, multisectoral, and interdisciplinary nature of data literacy as part of Infolit, which is being applied in the education of students at different levels, viz. professionals and citizens, is noted, although the training limitations of students and many professionals are evident. Consequently, it is imperative to include DL in curricula and training programs to contribute to the acquisition and development of these competencies in different areas. To this end, the joint work of teachers, librarians, researchers, and other professionals is imperative. There is a need to deepen the theoretical, practical, and applied fields, as well as to reach a common definition, form a basic model of DL competencies within Infolit, and create submodels that take into consideration the idiosyncrasies of each area of application.
Diversidad, densidad poblacional y distribución espacial de equinoideos regulares (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) en Isla Fuerte, Colombia
Authors:   Universidad de Córdoba, Olascoaga-Valverde David , Nisperuza-Pérez Carlos A. ,   Universidad de Córdoba, Yepes-Escobar Juan ,   Universidad de Córdoba, Quirós-Rodríguez Jorge A. ,   Universidad de Córdoba
Published: November 2023

Los equinoideos comprenden uno de los grupos más influyentes en los ecosistemas arrecifales y litorales rocosos, debido a su importancia en las redes tróficas y reciclado de materia orgánica. En el Caribe colombiano existe un vacío de información sobre la ecología de estos organismos. La mayoría de los estudios se han centrado en la realización de inventarios y notas taxonómica, con el fin de estudiar la diversidad, la densidad poblacional y la distribución espacial de equinoideos regulares, en Isla Fuerte, Colombia. Se realizaron siete salidas de campo en Punta El Inglés, Latal y San Diego, entre noviembre de 2018 y septiembre de 2019. En cada localidad se realizaron censos visuales, aplicando la metodología de transecto lineal en banda (10 x 2 m). Se registraron 4.061 individuos representativo de seis especies, cinco géneros y cuatro familias. La especie que presentó mayores densidades fue Echinometra lucunter y, la de menor, Lytechinus variegatus. La riqueza de especies fue la misma para las tres localidades; sin embargo, Punta El Inglés presentó mayor diversidad, uniformidad y distintividad taxonómica promedio. El análisis de similitud de Bray-Curtis muestra una asociación entre San Diego y El Latal, mientras que Punta El Inglés forma una agrupación independiente. Los resultados de esta investigación representan una línea base para Isla Fuerte y puede ayudar a los gestores ambientales para sustentar herramientas y estrategias de manejo en este grupo de invertebrados
Evaluación de la condición corporal en caballos deportivos en una academia ecuestre de Cundinamarca, Colombia
Authors:   Universidad de la Salle, Velásquez-Mosquera Juan C. , Parra-Ruiz Viviana ,   Universidad de la Salle, Bayona-Vélez Juanita ,   Universidad de la Salle, Cavanzo-Farfán Paula N. ,   Universidad de la Salle, Bautista-Cepeda Daniel A. ,   Universidad de la Salle, Navas-Panadero Alexander ,   Universidad de la Salle
Published: November 2023

Existen varias metodologías para determinar la condición corporal del caballo deportivo, siendo unas más objetivas que otras; sin embargo, la escala de condición corporal es la más usada para estimar las reservas corporales de animales en actividad atlética. El objetivo del estudio fue estimar, por métodos no invasivos, el espesor de grasa subcutánea y desarrollo muscular de caballos deportivos, de una academia de Cundinamarca y calcular algunos índices que definen la composición corporal. Se escogieron 29 caballos adultos (9 hembras, 20 machos), de cuatro tipos raciales; caballo deporte colombiano, criollo, polo argentino, Pura sangre inglés. Para evaluar la grasa subcutánea se usó el puntaje de condición corporal (PCC) escala Henneke, el ultrasonido en tiempo real UTR, midiendo espesor de grasa dorsal y de cadera. La musculatura se determinó usando UTR a nivel dorsal, midiendo el ojo del lomo y el glúteo medio. Se tomaron pesos y medidas morfométricas: altura de cruz, longitud corporal, perímetro torácico. Con estas medidas corporales o ecográficas se calcularon índices de desempeño o composición corporal: índice corporal (IC), índice de carga al paso-1 y al trote-2 (IC1 y IC2), % de grasa corporal (%GC), Índice de masa corporal (IMC), relación perímetro torácico–altura cruz (PT:AC), índice muscular (IM) e índice musculoesquelético (IME). Los índices de carga y de composición corporal indicaron diferencias entre tipos raciales (p<0,05). Entre índices de engrasamiento se presentaron correlaciones altas con PCC (EGD 0,78 y IMC 0,99). Algunos índices (IC1, IC2) serían indicadores indirectos de la relación fin-bienestar en los animales.
The Application of Machine Learning for Creating a Typology of Universities' Financial Models
Authors: Khodachek I. A. , Minaev D. V. , Zinkovskaya A. V. , Yablokov E. B.
Published: November 2023

This study presents an application of machine learning for creating a typology of Russian universities’ financial models. Large-scale national initiatives aimed at enhancing human potential and academic excellence, such as Project 5-100, university-industry consortia, world class research center programs as well as the Priority-2030 program, require relevant financial and management accounting tools enabling appropriate analyses of universities’ contribution to national scientific policy implementation. However, when conventional financial analysis and audit techniques are adopted from the corporate sector, they may prove to be irrelevant for assessing the societal impacts of universities. Existing impact study methods, such as those applied in the Russell Group universities’ impact assessment, are expensive and time consuming, so promising machine learning techniques and existing open data from government information systems were used in this study to assess universities’ financial models.
Academic Motivation of Master Students Studying Pedagogical Science: Case of KFU
Authors: Ibragimov G. I. , Kalimullina A. A. , Ibragimov M. G.
Published: November 2023

The relevance of the study is due to the contradiction between the objective need for developing the academic motivation of Master students by means of research-oriented education and the insufficient development of the corresponding didactic conditions. The purpose of this paper is to identify the research-based learning potential in the development of Master students academic motivation and reasoning the didactic conditions promoting its effective implementation. In order to achieve it, the following tasks were solved: to reveal the essence of academic motivation and its features among Master’s students studying “Pedagogical science”; to promote theoretically and experimentally the didactic conditions for the effective implementation of the motivational potential of research-oriented learning. To identify the features of academic motivation, the methodology “Scale of Academic Motivation” was used.

Research results: the essence of academic motivation as a set of motives that are the reason for the conscious inclusion of a student in educational activities is revealed; the features of the academic motivation of Master students studying Pedagogical science were revealed (the conscious choice of the program of training by the vast majority of students; different students’ background – previous education, work experience, age, that determines the polymotivation of educational activity with the dominance of internal motivation). It is shown that the motivational potential of researchoriented teaching of students is associated with its main characteristics: the purpose, content, nature of studying and research activities, features of results evaluation. Didactic conditions were experimentally promoted that enhance the motivational potential of research-oriented learning (taking into account the characteristics and levels of development of the corresponding types of students’ motivation; creating real opportunities for free choice of research topics for Master students; using work in pairs as a form of organizing educational and research activities; using a complex of stimulating methods for evaluating the study results). Perspective paths for study of the students’ academic motivation are indicated.
Lifelong Learning in the System of Higher Education: the State of the Problem and the Strategy of Integrating Educational Activities and Research
Authors: Keller A. V. , Korshunov I. A. , Shirkova N. N. , Suvorov G. N. , Szhenov E. S. , Shadrin S. S. , Orekhov A. A.
Published: November 2023

The authors of this article consider the current situation of lifelong learning education in leading Russian universities and define some possible strategies for integrating scientific research with educational activities. The empirical bases were: 1) statistical data on the activities of educational institutions of higher education (N = 1180), 2) dataset of monitoring the activities of universities participating in the federal academic leadership programme “Priority-2030”, 3) dataset of a survey of heads of centers for further vocational education in Russian universities (N = 450) as part of the Project “Monitoring of education markets and organizations (MEMO)”. The authors identified strategies for combining scientific and educational activities for lifelong learning programs at universities in the interests of the development of individual consumers, enterprises and branches of the national economy. The authors also found that universities take into account the social needs of society and the preferences of employers, but to a very small extent focus on transforming their scientific results into a new educational product for mass consumers. The significant focus of universities on research activities to a certain extent hinders the development and launch of new education programs, however, it is a group of research universities that demonstrates a higher cost of programs sold. The authors consider, how universities can be focused on working with the population or industry enterprises, integrating the research results into the modules of education programs, and stimulating an increase in the number of teachers combining research and teaching activities, at realizing the third University’s mission and taking into account the research grant volume.
Kartograph des Unmöglichen Zur Kritik verdinglichten Denkens bei Jacques Rancière
Authors: Seul Marc
Published: November 2023

Das politische Denken Jacques Rancières verspricht eine theoretische Auflehnung gegen die neoliberale Verwaltung des universalen Sachzwangs. Der Beitrag diskutiert seine Version einer radikalen Demokratietheorie aus der Perspektive der dialektischen Gesellschaftstheorie und -kritik im Anschluss an Adorno und untersucht sein Denken in Bezug auf die Feindbilder des dialektischen Denkens: Ontologie und Positivismus. Rancières Theorie radikaler Demokratie wird identifiziert als verdinglichtes Denken, das Konflikt als sozialanthropologische Konstante in einer positivistischen Ontologie des Sozialen theoretisch fixiert.
All Power to the People. Huey P. Newton und die radikale Demokratie
Authors: Schierle Paul N.
Published: November 2023

Huey P. Newton war der zentrale Vordenker der Black Panther Party und hat ein reichhaltiges, zu Unrecht beinahe vergessenes theoretisches Werk hinterlassen. Dieser Beitrag argumentiert dafür, seine politische Philosophie, seine Verzahnung von Theorie und Praxis und seine historische Rolle als Material anzuerkennen, das substanzielle Beiträge zu verschiedenen Debatten innerhalb der radikalen Demokratietheorie liefern kann. Dazu werden Newtons grundsätzliches Politikverständnis, seine Zeitdiagnose und sein politisches Programm im Angesicht dieser Diagnose vorgestellt und mit radikaldemokratischen Konzepten sowie politischen Visionen Chantal Mouffes in Verbindung gebracht.
Making data citations machine readable in article and other content metadata
Authors: Feeney Patricia
Published: November 2023

Research data is essential to the production of research, and is increasingly made available in repositories for reuse and reproducing research. Data citations play a crucial role in connecting this data to journal articles, and also to acknowledge and attribute research data correctly in scholarly publications. To ensure the interoperability and accessibility of data citations, it is essential to make data citations machine readable. This paper explores the common practices in making data citations machine readable within journal article citations, focusing on the markup of data citations in the Journal Article Tag Suite (JATS) and the use of Crossref as a data citation metadata endpoint.
An International Multi-Stakeholder Delphi Survey Study on the Design of Disease Modifying Parkinson’s Disease Trials
Authors: Zeissler Marie-Louise , McFarthing Kevin , Raphael Karen G. , Rafaloff Gary , Windle Richard , Carroll Camille B.
Published: November 2023

Background:

Design of disease modification (DM) trials for Parkinson’s disease (PD) is challenging. Successful delivery requires a shared understanding of priorities and practicalities.

Objective:

To seek stakeholder consensus on phase 3 trials’ overall goals and structure, inclusion criteria, outcome measures, and trial delivery and understand where perspectives differ.

Methods:

An international expert panel comprising people with Parkinson’s (PwP), care partners (CP), clinical scientists, representatives from industry, funders and regulators participated in a survey-based Delphi study. Survey items were informed by a scoping review of DM trials and PwP input. Respondents scored item agreement over 3 rounds. Scores and reasoning were summarized by participant group each round until consensus, defined as≥70% of at least 3 participant groups falling within the same 3-point region of a 9-point Likert scale.

Results:

92/121 individuals from 13 countries (46/69 PwP, 13/18 CP, 20/20 clinical scientists, representatives from 8/8 companies, 4/5 funders, and 1/1 regulator) completed the study. Consensus was reached on 14/31 survey items: 5/8 overall goals and structure, 1/8 Eligibility criteria, 7/13 outcome measures, and 1/2 trial delivery items. Extent of stakeholder endorsement for 428 reasons for scores was collated across items.

Conclusions:

This is the first systematic multi-stakeholder consultation generating a unique repository of perspectives on pivotal aspects of DM trial design including those of PwP and CP. The panel endorsed outcomes that holistically measure PD and the importance of inclusive trials with hybrid delivery models. Areas of disagreement will inform mitigating strategies of researchers to ensure successful delivery of future trials.
Astrocytes and Alpha-Synuclein: Friend or Foe?
Authors: Ozoran Hakan , Srinivasan Rahul
Published: November 2023

Despite its devastating disease burden and alarming prevalence, the etiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains to be completely elucidated. PD is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and this correlates with the accumulation of misfolded α-synuclein. While the aggregation of α-synuclein in the form of Lewy bodies or Lewy neurites is a well-established intraneuronal hallmark of the disease process, our understanding of the glial contribution to aberrant α-synuclein proteostasis is lacking. In this regard, restoring astrocyte function during early PD could offer a promising therapeutic avenue and understanding the involvement of astrocytes in handling/mishandling of α-synuclein is of particular interest. Here, we explore the growing body of scientific literature implicating aberrant astrocytic α-synuclein proteostasis with the seemingly inexorable pathological sequelae typifying PD. We also provide a perspective on how heterogeneity in the morphological relationship between astrocytes and neurons will need to be considered in the context of PD pathogenesis.
Application of prone position ventilation in ventilation strategies for patients with COVID-19
Authors: Bai Yuan , He Fang , Yu Ying , Li Jia
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been shown to die mainly due to disease-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Prone position ventilation (PPV) is an important ventilation strategy in the management of patients with ARDS. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the application of PPV in ventilation strategies for patients with COVID-19. METHODS: Three hundred patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Shanxi Bethune Hospital from January 2020 to June 2021 were retrospectively collected. Based on body position and conscious state, all patients were divided into three groups: intubation prone position group (n= 110), awake prone position group (n= 90) and supine position group (n= 100); The acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE-II) scores, blood gas indicators, complications and other relevant clinical indicators were compared among the three groups. One-way ANOVA was used to compare means between multiple groups for quantitative information that conformed to a normal distribution. Repeated measures ANOVA was used for repeated measures data. Component comparisons were made using the Kruskal-Wallis H rank sum test for non-normally distributed quantitative data. RESULTS: One-way repeated-measures ANOVA main effect analysis showed different effects of different treatments on PaO2 in patients with COVID-19 (F treatment = 256.231, P< 0.05), with the order of awake prone position group > intubation prone position group > supine position group. The effects of the three different treatments on P/F in patients with COVID-19 (F treatment = 311.661, P< 0.05), with the order of awake prone position group > supine position group > intubation prone position group; Moreover, the three treatments had different effects on APACHE II scores in patients with COVID-19 (F treatment = 201.342, P< 0.05), with the order of intubation prone position group > supine position group > awake prone position group. CONCLUSION: Intubation prone position and awake prone position can improve lung function to some extent in patients with COVID-19, and should be applied as early as possible in patients with COVID-19-induced ARDS.
The Responsibility of the Physician and the Hospital When the Patients Withdraw their Previous Consent for Treatment
Authors:   PhD student, Department of Jurisprudence and Fundamentals of Islamic Law, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran, Kiyanmehr Mehdi
Published: November 2023

Background and Objectives: The patient’s withdrawal of previous permission for treatment is one of the issues in jurisprudence and medical law. The present study aims to discuss the patient''s withdrawal of previous permission based on the general approach to the physician’s acquittal/not acquittal of responsibility. Subjects and Methods This is a descriptive-analytical study with a new insight into the second paragraph of Article 308 of the Iranian Civil Code to assess the physician’s refusal of treatment when the patient withdraws the previous consent for treatment. Results The penal policies of Iran regarding physicians’ responsibilities are not fair. By revising the laws and replacing the civil liability of the government, it is possible to strengthen the rposition of medical community in Iran. Conclusion Physicians have reasons such as preventing harm and death to the patient، the rule of medicine، and the moral responsibility of the physician for not allowing patients to withdraw previous permission. On the other hand، patients believe that the doctor and the hospital are responsible for the status of the patient in the case of withdrawing previous consent. The legislator should solve the government''s responsibility for the physician''s actions or not allow the patient''s withdrawal of permission to remove conflicts in the physician''s acquittal/not acquittal of responsibility.
Assessing the Degree of Concordance Between Panoramic and Digital Bitewing Images in Showing Cervical Burnout
Authors:   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Zaheri Shahmarvandi Tahereh , Alghasi Nasim ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Published: November 2023

Background and Objectives Cervical burnout is a diffuse radiolucent area in the interproximal surfaces of the posterior teeth in the cervical region. This phenomenon can mimic interproximal caries and cause false positive detection and irreversible destruction of unaffected tooth surfaces. Panoramic radiography is the most common radiography and bitewing radiography is the most useful radiography for detection of caries. The present study aims to assess the degree of concordance between panoramic and digital bitewing images in diagnosing cervical burnout. Subjects and Methods In this epidemiological analytical study, bitewing and panoramic images of 43 patients (172 first and second maxillary molars) referred to a oral & maxillofacial radiology clinic in Ahvaz, Iran. The presence or absence of cervical burnout on interproximal surfaces of maxillary first and second molars was evaluated by two oral & maxillofacial radiologists. The data were analyzed using McNemar test in SPSS software, version 22. Results There was a significant difference in showing cervical burnout on interproximal surfaces of maxillary first and second molar teeth between panoramic and digital bitewing images. Conclusion Bitewing radiography is superior to panoramic radiography in diagnosis of interproximal caries. Panoramic radiography is not a reliable method for this purpose
PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI TEPAT GUNA PENGOLAH SAMPAH (MINI INCENERATOR) UNTUK MENGATASI LIMBAH DIAPERS DI KELURAHAN KEDUNGPANE KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Falakh Fajrul , Purnomo Eko , Ismail Amri Zarois , Lestariyanti Elina , Chamami M Rikza , Wibowo Teguh
Published: November 2023

Kelurahan Kedungpane, Kecamatan Mijen, Kota Semarang terdapat banyak keluarga yang memiliki anak bayi dan balita yang tentunya banyak menggunakan popok sekali pakai. Belum tersedianya mekasnime pengelolaan popok sekali pakai membuat kondisi sampah tidak tertangani dengan baik. solusi yang efektif dalam menangani permasalahan sampah popok sekali pakai yaitu dengan pemanfaatan teknologi tepat guna berupa mini incinerator skala rumah tangga. Pembuatan mini-incinerator ini dimaksudkan untuk menekan sumber daya yang diperlukan dalam membuat dan mengoperasikan insinerator komunal yang umumnya berukuran besar. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan tujuan menyediakan serta memberikan pemhaman kepada masyarakat untuk dapat mengelola sampah sekali pakai dengan pendekatan teknologi tepat guna yang murah, aman dan tepat guna.