Концепция и практическая реализация модульного комплекса для аварийно-спасательных работ в шахтах
Authors: Romanchenko Sergey , Gubina Elena , Vdovinа Victoria 
Published: April 2020

В ходе ликвидации подземных аварий существенные трудности возникают из-за протяженности сети горных выработок (40-120 км), их разветвленности и ограниченности пространства. В статье представлена концепция спасательного комплекса, созданного на базе монорельсового шахтного транспорта, формируемого по модульному принципу. Состав и количество модулей варьируется от мощности локомотива и вида аварии. Базовая компоновка комплекса предусматривает транспортировку спасателей с комплектом оборудования, эвакуацию пострадавших, а также доставку специальной техники и материалов к месту аварии. Дизельный либо аккумуляторный двигатель локомотива является автономным источником гидравлической энергии для применяемой техники и средств механизации. Приведены транспортные модули, а также результаты огневых испытаний интегрированных модулей для предупреждения повторных взрывов и осуществления пожаротушения (классы пожаров - A, B, C). Комплекс предназначен для профессиональных горноспасательных подразделений и шахтных спасательных формирований.

During the underground accidents elimination there are significant difficulties due to the length of the mine workings network (from 40 to 130 km), their branching and limited space. In most accidents the power supply is cut off and for the transportation of rescue units, equipment and cargo it is necessary to use autonomous vehicles as well as to provide autonomous sources of energy both for fire fighting and mechanization of rescue operations. Monorail suspended roads with diesel-hydraulic drive of the locomotive are used in the mining industry for more than 40 years, nowadays they are widely introduced in coal and mining companies of the Russian Federation. There are mobile solutions in the field of monorail transport by replacing the locomotive with shunting devices of reduced power that allow to perform basic transport tasks during the accident elimination. An additional promising solution in the field of monorail mining transport is the use of battery locomotives that convey rescue units and equipment in emergency environment that is unsuitable for the operation of internal combustion engines due to the of oxygen concentration decrease at fires and explosions. There is presented the concept of a rescue complex on the basis of monorail mine transport, providing for the possibility of transporting rescuers with a set of equipment, evacuation of victims as well as the delivery of special equipment and materials to the accident site. Diesel or battery engine of the locomotive is an Autonomous source of hydraulic energy for the applied equipment and means of mechanization. The complex is formed on a modular basis. The composition and number of modules depends on the locomotive power, the type of the accident and its dynamics as well as on the purpose of rescue work (rescue of miners, elimination of consequences of the accident). The composition of a variable number of modules includes: - modules with means of mechanization for labour-intensive operations on destruction (dismantling) of structures and crushing of large rock fractions; - modules for rapid loading and movement of the destroyed rock mass outside the emergency area (technically achievable-on the vacuum principle of operation); - fire-extinguishing modules with functions of operational rock dusting of mine workings (preventing the spread of repeated explosions); - modifiable transport and cargo rescue cabins; - first aid rescue module; - modules for materials or rock mass transportation. All modules are monorail vehicles, modules for mechanization of mine-rescue operations, fire fighting and explosion prevention operate from the hydraulic energy of the working unit of the locomotive. The rescue tool sets which do not have hardware possibility of connection to hydraulic energy of the working unit of the locomotive are powered by the Autonomous energy sources (at their mechanized transportation as a part of monorail transport). There are presented transport modules as well as the results of fire tests for integrated modules to prevent repeated explosions and fire fighting (classes fire A, B, C). The complex is designed for professional mine-rescue and mountain rescue units.