bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trans-Baikal Cossacks as a Subject of Patriotic Education of Youth
Authors: Liga Marina B. , Shchetkina Irina A. , Zakharova Elena Yu.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. In modern conditions, patriotic education of young people is of particular importance, the implementation of which is possible using the potential of the Russian Cossacks. The Russian Cossacks have the necessary resources for the formation of youth patriotism, including the presence of their own ideology, ethnopsychological and ethno-cultural features, behavioral models, the system of patriotic education as part of the “Cossack pedagogy”. This potential of the Cossacks should be used in the modern social practice of patriotic education from the younger generation. The purpose of the article is based on the results of the analysis of public opinion in the Trans-Baikal Territory to investigate the attitude of the population to the Cossacks and its role in the patriotic education of the younger generation.

Materials and Methods. The methodology of the study is presented by the theory of social identity of V. A. Tishkov, the pedagogical theory of patriotic education of V. V. Ivanov. Within the framework of the study, the attitude of the Trans-Baikal Territory residents to the Cossacks and the opinion about the potential of the Cossacks in the patriotic education of young people are characterized. The study was conducted in 2021–2022. A survey in the form of a questionnaire was used as the main method. 500 residents of the Trans-Baikal Territory were interviewed. The method of cluster (territorial) single-stage sampling was used in the study.

Results. It is revealed that in the Trans-Baikal Territory, a positive attitude to the Cossacks, their traditions and values prevails. The results obtained in the course of the study indicate that today the process of revival of the Cossacks is supported in society. It is shown that the Cossacks play an important role in the patriotic education of young people.

Discussion and Conclusion. The residents of the Trans-Baikal Territory recognize the value of using the patriotic traditions of the Cossacks and the need for the participation of the Cossacks in the patriotic education of young people. The results obtained can be used in the development of programs of patriotic, spiritual and moral education of the younger generation based on the traditional values of the Cossacks.
Az atópiás dermatitis (ekcéma) biopszichoszociális megközelítése
Authors: Magyar Adrienn , Albert Dorottya , Schveibert Ágnes , Rigó Adrien
Published: December 2023

Az atópiás dermatitis, más néven atópiás ekcéma, egy veleszületett genetikai hajlamon alapuló, krónikus, fellángolásokkal járó bőrgyulladás, amely a magas jövedelmű országokban a gyermekek 20%-át és a felnőttek akár 10%-át is érintheti. Tanulmányunk célja e betegség biopszichoszociális aspektusainak áttekintése, valamint az atópiás dermatitisszel kapcsolatos életminőség, testkép, stigmatizáció szakirodalmának és főbb kutatási eredményeinek összefoglalása. Kitérünk az atópiás dermatitis kialakulásáról szóló hipotézisekre, a megjelenésében tapasztalható életkori sajátosságokra és a kezelési lehetőségekre. Részletezzük azokat kutatási eredményeket, amelyek leírják, hogy a betegség a súlyosságától függően jelentősen befolyásolja a betegek életminőségét – különösen a társas működés és a pszichológiai jóllét vonatkozásában. Bemutatjuk a testkép változásának és a stigmatizációnak a jelentőségét, és felvázoljuk az egészségpszichológiai intervenciók lehetséges helyét. A szakirodalmi eredmények alapján hangsúlyozzuk az adherencia növelésére szolgáló intervenciók fontosságát, és a komplex, egészségpszichológiai szempontokat is magába foglaló kezelés szükségességét.
A bőrbetegségek kapcsán alkalmazható pszichológiai intervenciók
Authors: Albert Dorottya , Rigó Adrien
Published: December 2023

A tanulmány a krónikus bőrbetegségekben alkalmazott pszichológiai intervenciós módszereket tekinti át. A bevezető röviden kitér a releváns tanulmányok gyűjtésének módjára, s felvázolja, hogy a szisztematikus áttekintő tanulmány és a metaanalízis írása helyett miért esett a választás egy olyan műfajra, amely inkább az egyes terápiás technikák fő hatásmechanizmusait igyekszik fókuszba állítani. Bemutatja a pszichoedukációs programokkal kapcsolatos fő irányelveket, valamint a stresszkezelést is támogató különböző típusú terápiás technikákkal (autogén tréning, progresszív izomrelaxáció, biofeedback, jelentudatosság alapú intervenciók, hipnózis) és a kognitív viselkedésterápia alapú inter-venciókkal kapcsolatos eddigi eredményeket. Igyekszik felvázolni a potenciális hatásmechanizmusokat és a gyakorlatban is használható példákat próbál adni az intervenciók lépéseiből. Az összefoglaló tanulmány felhívja a figyelmet arra, hogy a pszichológiai intervencióknak a bőrtünetekre kifejtett kedvező hatásával kapcsolatban még nem áll rendelkezésünkre elegendő tudományos adat ahhoz, hogy messzemenő következtetéseket vonjunk le. Bár a pszichológiai módszerek az eddigi eredmények és az ismert hatásmechanizmusok alapján fontos kiegészítő eszközei lehetnek a bőrbetegek kezelésének, törekedni kell arra, hogy ez további, módszertanilag megfelelő intervenciós hatékonyságvizsgálatokkal alátámasztásra kerüljön.
Producing Knowledge (Despite the Storm)
Authors:   Universidad Federal Fluminense, Fragale Roberto
Published: December 2023

The institutional production of interdisciplinary knowledge very frequently encounters bureaucratic barriers that transform academic life into a steeplechase. Producing interdisciplinary legal knowledge is even more difficult and has been the keynote of the path followed by the Graduate Program in Sociology and Law (PPGSD) of Fluminense Federal University (UFF). This article proposes a revision of its educational path, examining the changes in the research agenda over two decades and its impact on the creation of new university cadres. In the end, the challenge remains the same: to expand the possibilities of insertion of graduates in a dogmatic and disciplinary world, which resists interdisciplinary knowledge.
Structural Problems of the "Cooperation Agreement"
Authors:   Universidad Austral de Chile, Beade Gustavo
Published: December 2023

For several years, the procedural legislations of Latin American countries have incorporated various practices that, in theory, allow for a more effective prosecution of certain crimes. Among them, there are the so-called "repentance laws," which allow individuals under investigation for serious crimes to provide information about other participants in the same act in exchange for receiving lighter punishments or immunity. The objective of this work is to present the most relevant criticisms concerning these practices and analyze them from the perspective of theories of punishment. I will attempt to demonstrate that there are theories of punishment that would permit laws on "repentance," but I shall focus on the proposal of communicative punishment theories.
20 Years from Aedo v. Fisco: Is There Still Something of the Old Public Law Nullity?
Authors:   Barros y Errázuriz Abogados, Millar Cristóbal
Published: December 2023

On November 27, 2000, the Supreme Court decided the case "Aedo v Fisco", which set an important precedent regarding the understanding that traditional doctrine and case law had regarding public law nullity and its scope. After two decades, the question arises regarding the validity of this line of cases. Based on the examination of ten subsequent cases, a brief analysis of the new contours that the Supreme Court has set out regarding the general regime of the action for public law annulment is presented. In light of the evidence provided by the rulings, the author questions the validity of this action as a general mechanism for protecting the rights of the administered, noting the troublesome state of national administrative litigation.
Some Reflections on Force Majeure Clauses in Modern Contracting
Authors:   Pontifica Universidad Católica de Valparaiso, Momberg Rodrigo
Published: December 2023

Force majeure clauses are one of the mechanisms commonly used by the parties in complex and long-term agreements to regulate the effects of supervening circumstances on the obligations of one or both parties. However, there are still issues that have not been sufficiently studied by the doctrine. This paper intends to deal with some of the most relevant ones. In particular, it will analyze the problems related to the faculty of the parties to alter the legal concept of force majeure, the conventional enumeration of events constituting force majeure and, finally, the effects of force majeure on the obligations of the debtor.
Optimización de la hidrolisis enzimática del almidón en el jugo de caña de azúcar (Saccharum officinarum)
Authors: Yanamango Chavez Veronica , Morales Zúñiga Mélany , Castillo Calderón Augusto , Diestra Balta Jesús
Published: December 2023

El almidón, componente natural del jugo de caña de azúcar, es causante de pérdidas y problemas operacionales en la industria azucarera, debido al incremento en la viscosidad en el jugo, que inhibe la cristalización e incrementa la pérdida de sacarosa. El objetivo de esta investigación fue optimizar el proceso de hidrólisis enzimática del almidón por acción de la alfa amilasa de Bacillus licheniformis. Se optimizaron la concentración de enzima y el tiempo de reacción, con respecto a la maximización de la concentración de maltosa, determinado como azúcar reductor por el método del Ácido Dinitrosalicílico; el porcentaje de hidrolisis del almidón y la productividad, las cuales fueron analizadas independientemente y en conjunto por un Diseño Central Compuesto Rotacional y la Metodología de Superficie de Respuesta.

Se caracterizó la enzima alfa-amilasa obteniéndose una temperatura optima de 90°C y pH óptimo de 7, determinándose un rango de linealidad para la dilución 1:100 de 20 minutos, una actividad enzimática de 28.35 U/mg y las constantes cinéticas Km de 5.82 g/L y Vmax de 0.30 g/L*min. Finalmente, del diseño experimental se obtuvieron las condiciones ambientales óptimas de concentración de enzima de 817 ppm y tiempo de reacción de 17 minutos a una temperatura de 90°C. De la validación de las condiciones óptimas de hidrolisis del almidón en el jugo de caña de azúcar, se obtuvieron: concentración de maltosa 0.380 g/L, porcentaje de hidrolisis 73.09 % y la productividad 1.341 g/L*h, que correspondieron a variaciones mayores que los valores calculados, en 16%, 11.3% y 18% respectivamente.
Historical versus Practical Pasts? Enrique de Malacca in Malaysia’s Historical Imagination
Authors: Curaming Rommel
Published: December 2023

The commemoration of the 500th year anniversary of Magellan-El Cano expedition in 2019-2022 reinvigorated thediscussion about Enrique de Malacca in Southeast Asia. As Magellan’s slave of Malay origin, Enrique’s importance rests on the claim that he may be the first circumnavigator of the world. Using how historical and literary accounts, as well as public memories of Enrique, are appropriated in Malaysia, this paper aims to illuminate the efficacy of the distinction between the concepts of historical and practical pasts. It argues that despite the existence of overlapping concepts such as popular vs. academic history, the historical vs. practical past differentiation is more analytically efficacious because of the ontological and epistemological parity it grants to both categories, eschewing the a priori assumption of the superiority of one over another that is widely upheld. The notion of practical past and how it applies in different local and national settings needs to be further examined.
A lesson in port citizenship
Authors: Ma Scott
Published: December 2023

This article applies the framework of François Hartog’s regime of historicity to a comparative and historical study of three successive maritime museums in postwar Yokohama, Japan. Each museum was operated by the city to educate its citizens about Yokohama’s maritime identity, though through different affectively-laced temporal organizations that reflected evolving conceptions of municipal identity. The article distinguishes between “scientific universalism” in the Marine Science Museum (1961-1988), “romantic futurism” at the Maritime Museum (1989-2009), and “nostalgic presentism” at the Port Museum (2009-). As evidence of each historical regime, the article uses the form and content of exhibits, architectural changes to the museum building, and fieldwork when possible. Over the course of time, the spirit of the museum shifted from the natural sciences to romanticism and, lastly, nostalgia. These museums show how temporality-infused historiography has implications for the politics of identity.
Amerikan ve Türk Öğretmen Adaylarının Akademik Öz-Yeterlik İnançları
Authors: YILAR Murat Bayram , CEYLAN Uğur
Published: December 2023

Genel öz-yeterlik algısının özel bir alanı olan akademik öz-yeterlik, öğrencinin kendisine verilen akademik bir görevi başarıyla tamamlayabileceğine olan inancını ifade etmektedir. Bu inancın güçlü olması, akademik başarı için güçlü bir yordayıcı olabilmektedir. Bu anlamda genel olarak akademik ve bilişsel ağırlıklı bir meslek olan öğretmenliğe yakın bir zamanda adım atması muhtemel olan öğretmen adaylarının akademik öz-yeterlik inançlarına ilişkin verilerin elde edilmesi önemli görünmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra gelişmiş bir eğitim sistemine sahip olan ABD ile Türkiye’deki öğretmen adaylarının karşılaştırılması ise vereceği ipuçları açısından ayrıca önem taşımaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, Amerikan ve Türk öğretmen adaylarının akademik öz-yeterliklerine ilişkin inançlarını karşılaştırmaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan betimsel tarama yöntemi benimsenmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemini; biri ABD biri de Türkiye’de olmak üzere iki büyük devlet üniversitesinin eğitim fakültelerinin farklı kademe ve bölümlerinde öğrenim gören toplam 436 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Yılmaz, Gürçay & Ekici (2007) tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlanan “Akademik Öz-yeterlik Ölçeği (AÖÖ)” kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler betimsel istatistikler ve bağımsız t testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Amerikan öğretmen adaylarının Türk öğretmen adaylarına göre daha yüksek düzeyde akademik öz-yeterlik inancına sahip oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca Amerikan kadın öğretmen adayları ile Türk kadın öğretmenleri arasında yine Amerikan öğrencilerin lehine anlamlı bir farklılık bulunurken; Amerikan erkek öğretmen adayları ile Türk erkek öğretmen adayları arasında ise anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır. Özellikle Türk kadın öğretmen adaylarının diğer gruplara göre akademik öz-yeterlik inanç düzeylerinin düşük olması araştırmanın sonunda tartışılmıştır.
CHARACTERIZATION OF PORE STRUCTURE AND DYNAMIC SEEPAGE CHARACTERISTICS OF SANDSTONE DETERMINED BY NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE (NMR) AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (MRI) TECHNIQUES
Authors: Zhang Na , Wang Shuaidong , Wu Jiaqi , Li Zheng , Zhao Fangfang
Published: December 2023

The combination of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the seepage characteristics of sedimentary rock has been popular research in recent years. This research assessed dynamic seepage features of sandstone and shale samples through NMR and MRI measurements with two respective fluids of different wettability (i.e., distilled water and kerosene). Results show that sandstone and shale possess remarkably different T2 spectra. The saturation of movable fluid (FFI) of the sandstone and shale samples is 75.09%, 74.92%, and 7.50%, respectively. The seepage T2 spectra of distilled water in sandstone is predominantly bimodal distribution, whereas kerosene seepage in sandstone presents a single distribution, and those of kerosene seepage in shale show a bimodal distribution. When reaching equilibrium, the time required for kerosene seepage in sandstone is the shortest, followed by water seepage in sandstone, and kerosene seepage in shale is the longest. In addition, the fluid volumes of water and kerosene in sandstone have a strong linear relationship with time, while those of kerosene in shale have a power-function relationship. The dominant channel gradually develops and expands to both sides during the seepage process. Over time, the content of water seepage in sandstone is predominantly concentrated near the inlet, whereas the kerosene content of kerosene seepage in sandstone is primarily centered in the central region. Significant differences in unit discharge exist between the cool and warm color regions of water seepage in sandstone. However, those of kerosene seepage in sandstone are negligible.
Effect of gypsum content in cement on its adaptability to alkali-free accelerator at different temperatures
Authors: Wang Qin , Guo Zhixiang , Zeng Fanchao , Wang Hongwei , Qin Huaixia
Published: December 2023

The setting times and early strength of shotcrete are greatly affected by the gypsum content of the cement used. In this work, the setting times, compressive strength and microscopic analysis (X-ray diffraction quantitative analysis, thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy) were used to determine the effects of changes in gypsum content on the hydration and mechanical properties of cement mixed with an accelerator at different temperatures. The results showed that an increase in the gypsum content of the cement promoted the formation of ettringite (AFt) and decreased the setting times of the cement pastes at 0°C, 20°C and 40°C. Mortar compressive strength tests showed that, after curing at 0°C, 20°C and 40°C, the highest compressive strength was exhibited with a final molar aluminate-to-sulfate ratio (C3A/SO3; henceforth called the MASR) of 0.84, 0.84 and 1.18, respectively. The mechanical properties of the hardened cement pastes were adversely affected by MASRs that were too high or too low. When the MASR was too high, the conversion of AFt to monosulfate (AFm) was facilitated and C3S hydration was slowed. Conversely, when the MASR was too low, this enabled large amounts of AFt to occupy the space where calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gels were formed, resulting in decalcification of the C-S-H gels.
Neural network technologies in prediction the effectiveness of treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Alymenko M. A. , Valiev R. Sh. , Valiev N. R. , Kolomiets V. M. , Volkova S. N. , Polonikov А. V. , Mal G. S. , Tragira I. N. , Ragulina V. A. , Popova E. V. , Pavlenko E. P. , Balobanova N. P. , Batishchev А. V.
Published: December 2023

The study used predicting the effectiveness of treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis using neural network technologies. The most optimal neural network model was obtained, which allows predicting the effectiveness of treatment with a forecast accuracy of at least 78.4%. As a result of constructing a neural network model, the most significant «input» parameters of the neural network were identified: the presence of hepatotoxic reactions, the level of IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-4, IL-10, IFN-γ, C-reactive protein before the start of the intensive phase of chemotherapy, the presence of antibiotic resistance, the presence of mycobacterium tuberculosis before the appointment of a specific chemotherapy by seeding, the volume of lung tissue damage, the chemotherapy regimen, the clinical form of pulmonary tuberculosis, as well as the genotype of ЕЕ gene GSTT1.
Predictors of late spontaneous miscarriages depending on the phenotype of abortion
Authors: Rachenkova T. V. , Dudareva Yu. A.
Published: December 2023

The aim. Assessment of risk factors for late miscarriages depending on the clinical phenotype of abortion.

Materials and methods. The study included 156 women. The main group consisted of 66 patients with late spontaneous abortion at a gestational age of 12,0–21,6 weeks, 47 of them with miscarriage on the background of isthmic-cervical insufficiency or premature rupture of amniotic fluid, 19 with late miscarriage against the background of blood discharge. Control group – 90 patients whose pregnancy ended in term delivery.

Results. Analysis of the prevalence of extragenital pathology revealed a high incidence of anemia (31,8 %; p = 0,000), obesity (12,12 %, p = 0,013), and gastrointestinal diseases (12,12 %; p = 0,004) in women with late miscarriage. When analyzing gynecological pathology, it was revealed that surgical treatment of the cervix was 9,6 times more common in patients of the main group compared to the control group (10,6 and 1,1 %; p = 0,008; OR = 10,68 CI 1,28–89,04), the frequency of abnormalities in the development of the uterus – 7,5 times more often in the group with bleeding compared to the group of patients with isthmic-cervical insufficiency (15,8 and 2.1 %; p = 0,035; OR = 8,63 CI 0,84–88,97). Significant risk factors for late miscarriages are preterm birth (18,2 %, p = 0,000), non-developing pregnancy (18,2 %; p = 0,026), medical abortions (42,6 %; p = 0,003). When analyzing the course of pregnancy, prognostically unfavorable markers of miscarriage were identified: the threat of termination of a real pregnancy (53,0 %; p = 0,000), isthmic-cervical insufficiency (19,1 %: p = 0,000) and violations of the vaginal biocenosis (71,2 %, p = 0,000).

Conclusion. Thus, the presence of extragenital pathology, aggravated obstetric anamnesis and complicated course of pregnancy is typical for patients with late spontaneous abortions, which requires monitoring of this category of patients at the stage of preconception preparation, treatment of extragenital pathology, as well as timely prevention, diagnosis and treatment of complications at different stages of pregnancy.
The first record of Scutigera coleoptrata (Linnaeus, 1958) (Chilopoda: Scutigeromorpha, Scutigeridae) in the Perm Krai (Middle Urals)
Authors:   Perm State University, Farzalieva Gyulli Sh. , Ovchankova Nadezda B. ,   Perm State University, Dyachkov Yurii V. ,   Altai State University
Published: December 2023

The house centipede Scutigera coleoptrata (Linnaeus, 1758) has a cosmopolitan range due to an-thropogenic introduction. In Russia, this species is found in the European part and Siberia, while in the Urals, the confirmed records have so far been limited to the southern part of the region. A previously published record about the presence of this species in the Perm Krai [Kozminykh, 2016] was based only on the personal comment by a third person. The first confirmed data on the occurrence of the house centipede S. coleoptrata in the Perm Krai is provided. All records were made in anthropogenic habitats in the city of Perm. In addition to adult speci-mens, juveniles were also spotted at the collection site. Images of morphological features to confirm the species identification are given.
Dibutyl phthalate degrading bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.)
Authors:   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Korsakova Ekaterina S. ,   Perm State University, Pyankova Anna A. ,   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Plotnikova Elena G. ,   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms,   Perm State University
Published: December 2023

The ability of three bacterial strains of the class Actinomycetes, isolated from the rhizosphere of bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) plants growing in the industrial development area of the Verkhnekamsk salt deposit (Perm krai), to grow on dibutyl phthalate (DBP) as the only source of carbon and energy was studied. Based on 16S rRNA gene analysis, it was shown that the strain Rh7bel showed similarity at 100% level with Rhodococcus wratislaviensis NBRC 100605T, and strains NKDBFbel and NKDBFgelt are phylogenetically close to two type strains of the species Pseudarthrobacter oxydans and Pseudarthrobacter polychromogenes (99.83% similarity). DBP-degrading strains are characterized by efficient growth on the key metabolite of DBP degradation, ortho-phthalic acid, and utilization of this metabolite. The strain Rhodococcus sp. Rh7bel demonstrated the highest rates of DBP utilization: the maximum specific substrate consumption rate was 0.018±0.002 h-1, substrate utili-zation was 70.7% in 72 hours (initial DBP concentration 0.2 g/L). Thus, rhizosphere DBP-degrading strains Rhodococcus sp. Rh7bel, Pseudarthrobacter spp. NKDBFbel and NKDBFgelt are promising for further study and development of technology for phytoremediation of soils contaminated with phthalates.
Morphofunctional status of first-year students of adjacent generations at the turn of the millennium
Authors:   Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Otavina M. L. , Batenkova I. V. ,   Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Gavrilova I. N. ,   Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Gorbunova V. V. ,   Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Ogarysheva N. V. ,   Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University
Published: December 2023

The aim of this work was to carry out a comparative analysis of a series of anthropometric and physiometric parameters of students who studied in the first year of three faculties of Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University (PSHPU) in the academic years 2004/2005 and 2022/2023, that is, students belonging to two adjacent generations. The height and body weight, the blood pressure, the type of regulatory processes, as well as indices calculated on the basis of the listed parameters were compared: body mass index, or Quetelet's index (BMI), Functional Changes Score (FCS), Centralization Index (CI), Regulatory Effort Index (REI). The last two indices are derivatives of the parameters of heart rate variability (HRV), which make it possible to as-sess the contribution of autonomous and central regulatory circuits to the body processes and to predict the adaptive resources of the body. In both samples, there were the expected differences between the male and female participants in terms of weight and height parameters, e.g. the men were taller and heavier than the women, except for those whose BMI exceeded 25 kg/m2, i.e. overweight students. However, the students surveyed in 2022 did not demonstrate any differences in the values of the height and weight from those who studied in the same faculties in 2004. The assessment of the functional parameters did not show any significant differences between the generations of the late XX, early XXI century in the heart rate (HR), in the duration of the most frequent RR interval (Mo) and in the contribution of the autonomic and central regulatory circuits to the regulatory processes. What is alarming is the higher blood pressure, especially pulse pressure, which is a kind of marker of the vascular wall abnormalities in the large arteries. It was observed in students, especially young men, of a later generation, i.e. born in 2002-2004. HRV data indicate greater resistance of the women’s body to stressing factors. This can be concluded based on the influence of central and autonomous regulation circuits on the characteristics of heart rate: in the women, the autonomous regulatory processes were more intense than in men. Moreover, this fact was reported both in the sample of 2022 and among students examined in 2004.
CORRUPTION RISKS IN LEGAL PROVISION OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT FINANCING
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice, Kikavets V. V.
Published: December 2023

Introduction: in the Russian Federation, a significant part of the budget is spent on ensuring public interest by procuring goods, works, and services. The disposition of budgetary funds in all countries of the world is characterized as a corruption risk. This study examines the problems of legal provision for public procurement in the Russian Federation taking the national anti-corruption measures into account. The practice of anti-corruption measures implemented in public procurement in foreign countries is also considered. Purpose: to identify the signs of corruption in public procurement from the perspective of the risk-based approach in order to prepare proposals for optimization of legal regulation and improving the financial efficiency of national public procurement. Methods: the research uses general scientific me-thods (analysis, synthesis, analogy) as well as formal legal and comparative legal methods. Results: the analysis of law enforcement practice in public procurement in Russia and foreign countries revealed some corruption risks that were further classified. The presented author's classification can become a ba-sis for creating a set of coordinated legal, financial, and personnel measures to prevent corruption in public procurement. Conclusions: to focus the attention of legislative and executive authorities on mini-mizing the negative consequences of corruption in public procurement, the author's classification of cor-ruption risks is proposed. There should necessarily be a system of monitoring over the results obtained in the procurement process. The paper proposes removing corruption offenses in procurement from under criminal prosecution and placing them under the scope of financial responsibility, which would ensure commensurable personal financial responsibility of an official whose actions (inaction) caused damage to the budget.
LEGAL POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND THE PLACE OF DIGITAL FINANCIAL ASSETS IN IT
Authors:   Perm State University, Zakharkina A. V.
Published: December 2023

Introduction: the positivation of digital phenomena, including those that are directly related to digi‐tal civil circulation, is rarely looked at from the perspective of the legal policy of the Russian Federation. Meanwhile, social relations that are subject to legal regulation are increasingly being influenced by cer‐tain state tactics, reflecting the current political course of the country. Purpose: to formulate the concep‐tual idea of ‘DFA as a political decision in the spirit of digitalization’. Methods: the ontological premise of this study was an activity‐based approach, which has a certain heuristic value: through knowledge of the real behavior of people associated with the use of digital financial assets, it is possible to gain a compre‐hensive understanding of the place of this new institution in the digital economy of the Russian Federa‐tion. The general scientific method that predetermined the present study is materialist dialectics, which performs a method‐forming and ideological function in this research. This method made it possible to consider the issue of digital financial assets in inextricable unity with related digital phenomena (digital currency, digital rights, smart contracts, crowdfunding, etc.). A wide arsenal of general scientific metho‐dological techniques, including such logical operations as analysis and synthesis, induction and deduc‐tion, abstraction, analogy, etc., accompanied all scientific stages of the proposed research. The systemic method ensured the connection of the regulatory platform of the digital economy ecosystem with its in‐dividual elements, including digital financial assets; the structural‐functional method was used to clarify the purpose of each of the elements (primarily digital financial assets) in the said system. Among special scientific methods, statistical and mathematical methods were used, which made it possible to under‐stand the share of digital financial assets in the structure of the GDP of the Russian Federation. Specific sociological research made it possible to gain insight into the social expectations of society associated with the positivity of digital rights in general. Thanks to legal forecasting, the article offers a futuristic forecast of the place of digital financial assets in the structure of the digital economy of the Russian Fed‐eration in the post‐corona crisis. Results: the study found that digital financial services are not an end in themselves, but part of the legal policy aimed at digitalization of the financial sector of society. Conclu‐sions: (1) the essence of legal policy can be characterized as the official position of the state, expressing tactics in a certain area subject to legal regulation; (2) according to a futuristic forecast of the place of digital financial assets in the structure of Russia’s digital economy in the post‐corona crisis, there is ex‐pected growth in demand for and supply of this financial instrument.
FEATURES OF SECURITIZATION OF THE WATER ISSUE IN ETHIOPIA WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF CRITICAL APPROACHES TO SECURITY STUDIES
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Otinov D. A.
Published: December 2023

This article seeks to explore the problem of water security in Ethiopia, involving the implementation of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) project. With its existential significance for the Ethiopian nation attributed to the dam, discovering the mechanisms of constructing threats to water security, as well as possible structural preconditions for a shift from confrontational to compromise politics, are examined. Therefore, an analysis of the Ethiopian discourse on GERD is being carried out in order to identify possible signs of securitisation and / or de-securitisation of the water issue. The research also compares the explanatory power of various approaches within the theory of securitisation for this case. The key finding is the explanation of the phenomenon of water securitisation in Ethiopia as an established political technology for the management of internal processes, in contrast to the traditional approach which posits an intersubjective policy of decisive action.
THE ROLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL NGOs IN COMBATING OIL SPILLS: CASE OF THE USINSK DISASTER
Authors:   Northwestern Institute of Management RANEPA, Sakaeva M. M.
Published: December 2023

Based on a case study of the Usinsk oil disaster in the Komi Republic, this article examines public debate on technological disasters in the context of the lives of indigenous peoples. Methodologically, the research is based on focusing on the voices "local" or the voices of "indigenous people". Empirically, the study is based on the series of publications by the NGO "Committee for the Rescue of Pechora". Local residents voiced their interests and demands through this NGO. The article shows how local communities, through their own print media and official websites, constructed, developed and promoted public debate about the consequences of the disaster and held those responsible to account. The key result of the study is that, despite being excluded from the decision-making process, the residents of the Pechora River basin had the potential for power and were able to take a proactive position in the system of confrontations provoked by the Usinsk disaster.
Institutional aspects of the region’s innovative potential influence on the innovation activity results
Authors:   Ural State University of Economics, Lyashenko Elena A. , Zhukovskii Andrei D. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Pyankova Svetlana G. ,   Ural State University of Economics
Published: December 2023

Introduction: the innovation activity institutional environment is represented by set of institutions that produce conditions for creation and commercialization of innovations. The institutional environment outline within a territory is shaped by regional specificity formed by political, legal, economic, social institutions and their interactions. A high innovative potential of a region can only result from a high-quality institutional environment. Objectives: identification of institutional opportunities that affect the region’s innovation potential and the results of innovation activities. Methods: statistical analysis, content analysis. Results: the study covered regions with different socio-economic and innovative levels of development. The most innovative regions were found to have high indicators characterizing the innovative potential of the territory (in particular, human capital, fixed assets, costs of innovative activities, etc.). These regions have created a better institutional environment which provides for higher results of innovation activities. On the contrary, the regions lacking innovation activity institutions show low values of indicators characterizing the innovation potential and the results of commercialization of innovations. Conclusions: the innovation potential and the results of innovation activity in the region are influenced by many institutions, notably strategic planning system, the legislative framework, financial support, instruments of state regulation, science and education. The quality of institutional environment depends not only on the availability of the necessary institutions, but also on the degree of their implementation.
Participatory budgeting – Development trends in Russian regions and assessment problems: The case of the Sverdlovsk Region
Authors:   Ural State University of Economics, Antipin Ivan A. , Vlasova Natalia Yu. ,   Ural State University of Economics, Novikova Natalia V. ,   Ural State University of Economics
Published: December 2023

Introduction: majority of the Russian Federation regions have created the regulatory framework and institutional conditions for the development of participatory budgeting; projects are selected and financed on a competitive basis. However, selecting forms and methods of participatory budgeting, evaluating the projects submitted, analyzing the effectiveness of the funds used and implemented projects in the short and long term still remain debatable issues. Objectives: generalization of approaches to assessing the effectiveness of participatory budgeting and analysis of initiative budgeting practices in the Sverdlovsk Region. Methods: dynamic and comparative analysis, generalization. Results: the institutional conditions for practical implementation of participatory budgeting in the Sverdlovsk Region have been established, including the regulatory legal framework: stages of project development and presentation; project selection criteria ensuring transparency of the competitive selection procedure. From 2017 (the implementation start) to 2022 in the Sverdlovsk Region the number of projects submitted to the regional competition increased 13 times, the number of winning projects – 11 times, which indicates the progressive development in participatory budgeting. Analyses were carried out on the following: municipalities participation; projects submitted to the regional competition and recognized as winners; existing problems in project implementation. The problems that slow down the implementation of participatory budgeting have been formulated. The tools that contribute to the development of participatory budgeting have been identified, as well as the expected effects from introducing digital product on participatory budgeting at all stages – from accepting applications for regional selection to project implementation. Conclusions: participatory budgeting allows citizens not only to participate in planning directions, implementing projects and monitoring local budget expenditures, but also to solve pressing social issues and prevent emerging conflicts with authorities. In the Sverdlovsk region, there is a positive trend in participatory budgeting practices, which indicates that both local authorities and the population are aware of the possibilities of participatory mechanisms.
On-Site Evaluation of Emergency Response Carried Out After Earthquakes with Epicentral Base Kahramanmaraş/ Pazarcık-Elbistan in Türkiye: An Observational Study
Authors: USTA Galip , ASLAN Ramazan , GÜNDÜZ Fatma , ATALAY Ezgi , PALA İsmail Turgut
Published: December 2023

Disasters are one of the complex and global problems that people around the world can face. Türkiye is one of the countries where natural disasters occur frequently. In the study, the researchers aimed to observe human behavior and post-disaster services by being in the environment where the earthquake took place and to make inferences about it. The data were collected from the provinces of Malatya, Diyarbakır, Adıyaman, Kahramanmaraş and Hatay, which are the places where earthquakes centered in Kahramanmaraş occurred in Türkiye, between 07-15 February 2023 by observation technique. In collecting the data, an unstructured field study called "participatory observation" was carried out by using the control form created by the researchers. The data obtained from the field were coded by the researchers and the categories were reached from the codes and the themes were reached from the categories. In the study, reliability criteria were followed in the data analysis process. It was observed that efforts were carried out on issues such as providing shelter, nutrition and psychological support of search and rescue personnel, ensuring coordination between teams, strengthening communication systems, and ensuring correct information flow. It is important to ensure cooperation and coordination for the selection of appropriate personnel for search and rescue activities, the strengthening of communication systems and the effective distribution of aid.
An algorithm for estimating the deformation of floor slabs based on the span-support topology of the building
Authors:   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Russian Federation, Zinov Vladislav I. , Kartak Vadim M. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Russian Federation, Valiakhmetova Yuliya I. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Russian Federation
Published: December 2023

Planning the supporting structures of a building is a problem of an extremely wide choice. At the same time, the estimation of one option by the finite element method takes too much time to apply automated and decision support tools. Therefore, it is proposed to identify a quickly calculated estimation of the supports plan which would allow comparing two support plans correctly in terms of potential deformations. To achieve this, the existing heuristic approaches modeling the functional relationship between the plan of supports and the resulting deformations were analyzed. In this paper spans are taken as the basis for the estimation. Further, the problem of spans determining is formulated which is reduced to the problem of the geometric coverage of multicoherent orthogonal polygon. The objective function is the maximization of the correlation between the detected estimate and the actual calculated values of deformations. To determine the spans on the floor area, a new algorithm based on the sweep line algorithm is proposed which consists of three steps: partitioning the floor area, determining the proximity of partitioned sections and assembling sections into spans. In order to determine the main estimate for a span-support topology, a single span estimation is derived based on three parameters: span area, aspect ratio and topology of supports that bound the span. Since the last parameter is qualitative, an additional analysis of quantitative parameters that can correctly describe it was carried out. The analysis criterion was the correlation with the calculated deformations in the span. The parameter of the maximum perimeter distance between the supports was recognized as the best parameter. The best function for estimating the spans was selected. In addition, various approaches to assembling spans from partition sections at the last step of the algorithm were analyzed.
Study of the issues of methods for determining the type of content in incoming traffic
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Reva Ivan L. , Medvedev Mikhail A. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Vorontsova Inna V. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: December 2023

Content filtering in the context of cybersecurity and trusted environments is an important tactic used to ensure network security and functionality. It works by restricting access to certain websites, emails, files or other content that may contain harmful elements or pose a significant risk of infection. Content filtering ensures the security not only of an individual user's data, but also of an entire network of organizations and institutions, helping to minimize the risk of malicious security breaches. The study of methods for determining the type of content in incoming traffic is a relevant and important area in the field of information security and network analytics. In today's Internet space, a significant amount of data is transmitted through networks, and one of the key tasks is the classification of this traffic to ensure security and effective network management. Methods for determining the type of content in incoming traffic are a set of algorithms and approaches that allow you to automatically determine what type of data is transmitted over the network. In the course of studying the problems of methods for determining the type of content in incoming traffic, data on network traffic is collected, a data set is selected for training the model, we consider classifier algorithms and focus on metrics for assessing classification efficiency. The results of the study can be used to create effective systems for detecting malicious or unwanted content, filtering data, or optimizing the operation of network resources. The study of methods for determining the type of content in incoming traffic is of practical importance and can be applied in various fields, including information security, network analytics, monitoring of network resources and optimization of network processes.
Analysis of operator eye movement characteristics to determine the degree of fatigue
Authors:   St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bulygin Alexandr O.
Published: December 2023

The article presents a method for searching characteristics of eye movements that correlate with fatigue. There are many characteristics of eye movements to determine fatigue. All these characteristics are calculated from such basic concepts of gaze movement as fixation and saccade. Characteristics can also be divided by the types of physical events on which they are based. It is possible to distinguish such characteristics as speed, time, quantity, size, percentage, frequency and ratio characteristics. To search for correlations between eye movement characteristics and fatigue, a dataset of eye movements and the results of the VAS-F fatigue questionnaire were analyzed in 6 subjects. The data set consists of operator parameters such as eye movements, scene camera image and gaze direction. To determine the level of fatigue, the participant completed the VAS-F questionnaire. This questionnaire consists of 18 questions about the degree of fatigue or enrgetic of a person. Each record from the data set corresponds to a questionnaire result. 60 characteristics of eye movements and the corresponding VAS-F test values were analyzed and the correlation between them was calculated. The characteristics of eye movements were then sorted in descending order of the obtained correlation values. For further analysis, the first 20 characteristics with the highest correlation were selected from each participant. A search was then made for characteristics that were found in two-thirds or more of the participants among the first 20 characteristics. As a result, 10 characteristics of eye movements were found that correlated with VAS-F test scores for each participant.
Hissedar refahını etkileyen değişkenlerin incelenmesi: Bist Temettü Endeksi üzerine bir uygulama
Authors: ÇALIŞ Nevzat , SAKARYA Şakir , YILDIRIM Hasan Hüseyin
Published: December 2023

Firmaların elde ettikleri kar hem otofinansman kaynağı hem de temettü olarak firmaları ve hissedarları önemli ölçüde etkilemektedir. Firmalar otofinansman olarak karın dağıtılmadan şirket yatırımlarında kullanılmasını, ortaklar ise karın temettü olarak ortaklar arasında dağıtılması isterler. Bu bakımdan hissedarların refahında şirketin finansman kararları önemlidir. Bu çalışmada BIST Temettü endeksinde yer alan 23 hissenin 2010-2021 yıllarındaki yıllık verileri kullanılmıştır. Bağımlı değişken olarak hissedar refahı bağımsız değişken olarak ise 8 değişkenin verisi ile panel regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre “PD/DD” değişkenin hissedar refahı üzerinde pozitif ve anlamlı bir etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.