bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In vivo and In vitro Anti-hydatidosis Effect of Garlic: A Systematic Review
Authors: Cheraghipour Kourosh , Shakib Pegah , Sheikhian Ali , Moradpour Kobra , Kalani Hamed , Zebardastpour Mustafa , Beiranvand Marjan
Published: February 2022

Background:

Hydatidosis is a parasitic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus
granulosus sensu lato. The aim of the current systematic review study was to clarify the effect of garlic
on hydatid cyst in vivo and in vitro.

Method:

We performed our analyses up to Feb 20, 2021, in accordance with the PRISMA guideline.
We systematically searched five English databases (Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Ovid and
Cochrane) and four Persian databases (Scientific Information Database [SID], Iran Medex, Iran Doc,
and Magiran) with appropriate syntax. The data was extracted from the relevant articles and analyzed.

Results:

From 160 studies obtained by initial search, nine studies were selected for further analysis.
Among 6 in vitro studies, 3 (50%) used methanolic extract, 2 (34%) hydroalcoholic and chloroformic
extract, and 1 (16%) chloroformic extract. Two (67%) studies used BALB/c mice, and one study
(33%) used Swiss albino mice. The method of treatment of mice in all studies was oral. The results
showed that garlic has a mild to potent effect on hydatidosis, and this effect was more considerable in
vitro than in vivo.

Conclusion:

Based on the results of various studies, it can be concluded that Allium sativum extract
can be used as a suitable alternative to drugs such as albendazole or can be used as a complementary
treatment to reduce the dose of the current drugs.
Active Symptom-Based Surveillance of Adverse Events Following Immunization
Among Individuals Vaccinated with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Coronavirus
Vaccine in a Tertiary Hospital of Kerala
Authors: Rajmohan Priyanka , Jose Maria , Thomas Joe , Krishna Swathi , Antony Beena , Gopinathan Unnikrishnan U. , Iyyapan Elsy M. , Porinchu Raphael M. , Jose Ponnu , Raphael Lucy , Kuttichira Praveenlal
Published: February 2022

Background:

The reports on adverse experiences following vaccination are scanty from
India. It is important to know the real-world post-vaccination experience outside of clinical trial
conditions.

Objectives:

The study aims to estimate the incidence of adverse events following immunization
with the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 coronavirus vaccine and to identify the predictors for the development
of vaccine adverse events.

Materials and Methods:

Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted among health care workers who received the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 coronavirus vaccine. Study participants were monitored at the site for 30 min following vaccination and were followed up for 7 days after receiving the second dose, with a purpose-specific designed online surveillance form to enquire about any adverse events following vaccination. We used the Chi-squared test for categorical variables and multivariate regression analysis to identify predictors for the development of vaccine adverse effects.

Results:

Of 411 participants, the mean age was 30.77 ± 12.5 years and 76.2% were females. Overall,
207 (50.4%) respondents reported at least one post-vaccination symptom receiving either dose
of coronavirus vaccination. Fever (34.8%), local pain at the injection site (28.0%), tiredness
(25.5%), chills (20%), myalgia (18.7%), headache (17.8%), injection site stiffness (5.4%), joint
pain (4.6%) and nausea-vomiting (3.8%) were the most prevalent symptoms following the first
dose. Adverse reactions reported after the second dose were milder and less frequent. Postvaccination
symptoms were more likely in the younger age group, those with comorbidity particularly,
bronchial asthma , and a history of allergy to food/drugs.

Conclusion:

All the adverse reactions were of a minor type and non-serious. Side effects were less
common in older adults (>60 years). Reactions to the second dose were lesser in intensity and frequency.
Younger age, history of allergy, and comorbidities, particularly asthma, were found to be
major predictors for the development of adverse events and require more watchful vaccine administration.
New Pyridinium Salt Derivatives of 2-(Hydrazinocarbonyl)-3-phenyl-1H-indole-5-
sulfonamide as Selective Inhibitors of Tumour-Related Human Carbonic Anhydrase
Isoforms IX and XII
Authors: Güzel-Akdemir Özlen , Demir-Yazıcı Kübra , Vullo Daniela , Supuran Claudiu T. , Akdemir Atilla
Published: February 2022

Background:

The positively charged membrane impermeant sulfonamides were evaluated as a remarkable
class of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) previously. Without affecting the human carbonic anhydrase (hCA),
cytosolic isoforms hCA I and II, inhibition of two membrane-associated isoforms hCA IX and XII especially overexpressed
in hypoxic tumour cells, makes the pyridinium salt derivatives potent promising therapeutic agents.

Objective:

A novel series of tri, tetra, and cyclo-substituted pyridinium salt derivatives of the lead compound 2-
(hydrazinocarbonyl)-3-phenyl-1H-indole-5-sulfonamide has been prepared by using sixteen different pyrylium salts,
for the search of selective inhibitors of transmembrane tumour-associated human carbonic anhydrase hCA IX and XII.

Methods:

Molecular modeling studies were carried out to understand and rationalize the in vitro enzyme inhibition
data.

Results:

Six of the new compounds showed good inhibitory profiles with low nanomolar range (< 100 nM) against
hCA IX/XII, and compound 5 showed excellent potency with Ki values lower than 10 nM. In addition, molecular modelling
studies have presented the possible binding modes of the ligands.

Conclusion:

Most of the compounds displayed potent inhibitory activity against the tumor-associated hCA IX and XII
in the low nanomolar range and selectivity over the off-targeted isoforms hCA I and II. Due to their cationic structure
and membrane-impermeant behavior, it is also expected to maximize the selectivity over cytosolic isoforms hCA I/II
while inhibiting tumor overexpressed isoforms hCA XI/XII of new compounds in in vivo conditions.
The Role of Agronomic Factors in Salibu Rice Cultivation
Authors: . Paiman , Isnawan Bambang H. , Aziez Achmad F. , . Subeni , Salisu Monsuru A.
Published: February 2022

Background:

Salibu rice cultivation is one of the technologies that have been developed in Indonesia but not continued. This technology has great potential to increase land productivity. The unsustainability of the salibu rice cultivation is due to the lower yield than the parent rice. Not many farmers are aware of the agronomic factors that can increase the growth and yield of the salibu rice.

Objective:

This review article aims to explore the role of agronomic factors in salibu rice cultivation.

Results:

The review article shows that agronomic factors play a major role in salibu rice cultivation. The soil water availability for one year could be determined by the number of stages of SR cultivation. Two weeks before and after harvesting parent rice, soil water content should be estimated in terms of field capacity. Stem cuttings as high as 3-5 cm from the soil surface at 7-8 days after harvest are the right SR cultivation methods. The fertilizer dose should be taken according to site-specific recommendations. 40% fertilization should be carried out at 14-21 days after stem cuttings, and the second at 60% at 30-40 days after stem cuttings in salibu rice cultivation.

Conclusion:

Among the agronomic factors that affect salibu rice cultivation are soil water availability, the time and height of stem cuttings, and the dose and time of fertilization. Three agronomic factors need to be considered and applied by farmers to get the maximum growth and yield of salibu rice.
Ocular Manifestations in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Real World Multicenter Observational Study in Egypt
Authors: Gaber Raouf , Abd-Elsalam Sherief , Khalaf Mai , Esmail Eslam Saber , Ahmed Ossama Ashraf , Fawzy Hatem , Soliman Shaimaa , Okasha Kamal , El Amrousy Doaa , Ghoneim Ahmed M.
Published: February 2022

Background:

The aim of the work was to evaluate the ocular manifestations in the patients with COVID-19 and its role in the prediction of the course and the outcome of the disease.

Methods:

This retrospective study was conducted at two tertiary referral COVID-19 isolation hospitals in two major university hospitals in Egypt. Two hundred and twenty-eight patients were enrolled in the study. The medical records of patients who had clinically confirmed COVID-19 between 1/5/2020 to 15/7/2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Data were collected from patient charts, including age, sex, accommodation, ocular manifestations, fever, headache, cough, dyspnea, anosmia, cyanosis, abdominal pain, anorexia, liver, kidney, cardiac manifestations, CT, X-ray finding, blood tests, and outcome of the disease.

Results:

Thirty-four patients with ocular manifestation were finally enrolled in the study with a mean age of 42.1 years; 20 patients (58.8%) were men. The incidence of ocular manifestation was 14.9% (34/228). All patients with ocular manifestations had conjunctivitis (redness, epiphora, foreign body sensation), which had been treated and resolved completely within 10 days in all patients without any permanent ocular damage. There was a trend between the presence of ocular manifestations and the associated milder disease course, although this trend was not statistically significant.

Conclusion:

Ophthalmic manifestation is common in patients with COVID-19 and it occurs more frequently in patients with mild to moderate form of COVID-19, but it could not predict the patient’s mortality.
Use of Lipid Nanoparticles, Nanoemulsions, and Vesicles for Topical Delivery
of Active Compounds Employed in the Cosmetic Field
Authors: Lopes Luciana B. , Salata Giovanna C. , Apolinário Alexsandra C. , Passos Julia S.
Published: February 2022

In the past decades, nanocarriers have attracted attention as topical delivery systems for many compounds employed in the cosmetic field. This interest is justified by their ability to pro-vide protection against degradation of liable molecules, the possibility to originate a local depot and prolong drug release, and the ability to overcome the barrier function of the skin and co-encapsulation of compounds of varying physicochemical characteristics. The properties of nanocarriers vary with their composition and structure, which, in turn, influence the outcomes of topical treatment. In this review, we focused on three types of nanocarriers (namely, lipid and surfactant-based vesicles, nanoemulsions, and lipid nanoparticles) and discussed their main char-acteristics, influence on cutaneous transport, stability, and pharmacological effects employed in the cosmetic field. We also provided examples of commercially available products that utilize the nanocarriers discussed as well as patents relevant to this field.
Contrasting Social Media Use Between Young Adults With Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Type 1 Diabetes: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Rajanala Susruthi , Wilson Jennifer K , Mitchell Paul D , Garvey Katharine C , Fishman Laurie N
Published: February 2022

Background

Social media is used by young adult patients for social connection and self-identification.

Objective

This study aims to compare the social media habits of young adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study of subjects from Boston Children’s Hospital outpatient IBD and diabetes clinics. Patients above 18 years of age were invited to complete a brief anonymous survey, which asked about the various ways they use several social media platforms.

Results

Responses were received from 108 patients (92.5% response rate), evenly split across disease type. We found that 83% of participants spent at least 30 minutes per day on social media, most commonly on Instagram and Facebook. Although the content varied based on the platform, patients with IBD posted or shared content related to their disease significantly less than those with T1D (23% vs 38%, P=.02). Among Instagram users, patients with IBD were less likely to engage with support groups (22% vs 56%, P=.04). Among Twitter users, patients with IBD were less likely to seek disease information (77% vs 29%, P=.005). Among Facebook users, patients with IBD were less likely to post about research and clinical trials (31% vs 65%, P=.04) or for information seeking (49% vs 87%, P=.003). Patients with IBD were also less likely to share their diagnosis with friends or family in person.

Conclusions

Young adults with IBD were less willing to share their diagnosis and post about or explore the disease on social media compared to those with T1D. This could lead to a sense of isolation and should be further explored.
Convolutional Neural Network–Based Automatic Classification of Colorectal and Prostate Tumor Biopsies Using Multispectral Imagery: System Development Study (Preprint)
Authors: Peyret Remy , alSaeed Duaa , Khelifi Fouad , Al-Ghreimil Nadia , Al-Baity Heyam , Bouridane Ahmed
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Colorectal and prostate cancers are the most common types of cancer in men worldwide. To diagnose colorectal and prostate cancer, a pathologist performs a histological analysis on needle biopsy samples. This manual process is time-consuming and error-prone, resulting in high intra- and interobserver variability, which affects diagnosis reliability.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to develop an automatic computerized system for diagnosing colorectal and prostate tumors by using images of biopsy samples to reduce time and diagnosis error rates associated with human analysis.

METHODS

In this study, we proposed a convolutional neural network (CNN) model for classifying colorectal and prostate tumors from multispectral images of biopsy samples. The key idea was to remove the last block of the convolutional layers and halve the number of filters per layer.

RESULTS

Our results showed excellent performance, with an average test accuracy of 99.8% and 99.5% for the prostate and colorectal data sets, respectively. The system showed excellent performance when compared with pretrained CNNs and other classification methods, as it avoids the preprocessing phase while using a single CNN model for the whole classification task. Overall, the proposed CNN architecture was globally the best-performing system for classifying colorectal and prostate tumor images.

CONCLUSIONS

The proposed CNN architecture was detailed and compared with previously trained network models used as feature extractors. These CNNs were also compared with other classification techniques. As opposed to pretrained CNNs and other classification approaches, the proposed CNN yielded excellent results. The computational complexity of the CNNs was also investigated, and it was shown that the proposed CNN is better at classifying images than pretrained networks because it does not require preprocessing. Thus, the overall analysis was that the proposed CNN architecture was globally the best-performing system for classifying colorectal and prostate tumor images.

CLINICALTRIAL
Teledermatology and Artificial Intelligence (Preprint)
Authors: Navarrete-Dechent Cristian
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for the diagnosis of skin diseases has shown promise in experimental settings but has not yet been tested in real-life conditions. The COVID-19 pandemic led to a worldwide disruption of health systems, increasing the use of telemedicine. There is an opportunity to include AI algorithms in the teledermatology workflow.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to test the performance of and physicians’ preferences regarding an AI algorithm during the evaluation of patients via teledermatology.

METHODS

We performed a prospective study in 340 cases from 281 patients using patient-taken photos during teledermatology encounters. The photos were evaluated by an AI algorithm and the diagnosis was compared with the clinician’s diagnosis. Physicians also reported whether the AI algorithm was useful or not.

RESULTS

The balanced (in-distribution) top-1 accuracy of the algorithm (47.6%) was comparable to the dermatologists (49.7%) and residents (47.7%) but superior to the general practitioners (39.7%; P=.049). Exposure to the AI algorithm results was considered useful in 11.8% of visits (n=40) and the teledermatologist correctly modified the real-time diagnosis in 0.6% (n=2) of cases. Algorithm performance was associated with patient skin type and image quality.

CONCLUSIONS

AI algorithms appear to be a promising tool in the triage and evaluation of lesions in patient-taken photographs via telemedicine.
Developing the Therapeutic Video Game with MDA Framework to Decrease Anxiety for Pre-school Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Mix-method Approaches (Preprint)
Authors: Hou I-Ching
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Preschoolers with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) received the long-term treatment plan with TPOC protocol. The frequent invasive therapies cause them with severe anxiety and also increase the care cost of their health team. Previous studies had showed that therapeutic video games (TVG) could decrease anxiety of sick children. But a dearth of TVG was designed specific for the preschoolers with ALL in Taiwan.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to develop the TVG with the popular adopted mechanic-dynamic-aesthetic (MDA) framework for game design and investigate the effect on the therapeutic anxiety reduction for preschoolers with ALL.

METHODS

This study conducted mix-method approaches with three phases: 1) to develop TVG with MDA framework, 2) to test the reliability of TVG with three certified children art therapists and 3) to evaluate the therapeutic anxiety reduction after using TVG for six weeks with two-group stratified randomized controlled trial in one medical center in northern Taiwan. Eligible preschoolers with ALL were divided into experimental group and control group with ration of 1:1. Both group subjects received the same usual care and only experimental group used TVG. The children anxiety response was reported with facial ranking scale (FRS) by their family caregiver. Description analysis, Fisher's Exact test, Pearson's chi-squared test, Mann-Whitney U test were used as the data statistic.

RESULTS

The TVG included six rules as mechanic to support the dynamics with the four main features (character, nursery, tasks and market) and facilitating players with eight emotional responses of the aesthetic. The results of reliability test showed the TVG was usefulness and trusted for preschoolers with ALL (Cronbach α level=0.98). A total of 15 participants were enrolled and randomly allocated to the experimental (n=7) or the control (n=8) groups. The average of TVG login was 37.5 times (min. was 14 times; max. was 62 times) in experimental group. The demographic data showed homogeneity between two groups in age (range from 3 to 5 years), sex (boy), risk classification (standard risk), and treatment status (continuation therapy). The FRS was 6.82 (6.16 vs. 7.45, P= .036) in average which significantly decreased in experimental group versus the control group during six weeks.

CONCLUSIONS

This research provides some evidence for using a therapeutic video game to decrease their anxiety for ALL preschoolers in Taiwan. The TVG could be used to support clinical professionals before execute invasive therapy.

CLINICALTRIAL

NCT04199637
La enseñanza de un uso de Se como modificador pragmático
Authors: Álvarez Cederborg Araceli , Reyes López María
Published: February 2022

La enseñanza de los usos de se constituye uno de los retos más difíciles para el profesor de español como segunda lengua, dado que esta forma realiza diversas funciones en el habla y que en la interacción cotidiana este pronombre se usa con mucha frecuencia.

En este trabajo nos ocupamos de un caso particular de se cuya aparición junto al verbo no modifica el significado semántico del mis­mo sino que señala una modificación en el nivel pragmático. Presentamos también una propuesta didáctica para su identificación en el habla cotidiana dirigida a estudiantes de ni­vel avanzado.
La búsqueda de la identidad nacional en la novela corta mexicana (1836-1846)
Authors: Gómez-Aguado Guadalupe
Published: February 2022

Desde que México se independizó de España, y a lo largo de su historia como país independiente, han existido distintas interpretaciones acerca de la identidad nacional y de las características del mexicano. La identidad se ha definido como “una resultante compleja de situaciones históricas y valoraciones subjetivas”. De ahí que en los años cruciales en que México se estrenó como país independiente se hayan tratado de plasmar en los escritos políticos e históricos esas características que identificaran a los habitantes de la nueva nación, con el fin de unir a una población por demás heterogénea bajo ideales comunes y con un pasado que perteneciera a todos. Esas ideas no sólo se plasmaron en los escritos de carácter político e histórico, sino que también se vieron reflejadas en la incipiente producción literaria de la época.

En ese sentido, las fuentes literarias no han sido utilizadas tradicionalmente por los estudiosos de la historia, y sin embargo, ofrecen un panorama que enriquece el análisis al ofrecer manifestaciones del pensamiento de la época. Estos escritos no sólo recrean escenarios de ficción, sino que reflejan en sus páginas cómo se vivieron los cambios políticos y sociales en esos primeros años de vida independiente.

El estudio de este tema a través de la literatura presenta un panorama amplio y rico, ya que la novela puede expresar la realidad de una nación por su capacidad de abarcar tanto lo visible como aquellos elementos que no se presentan a la vista. Aunque el novelista no pretenda específicamente reflejar la realidad o interpretarla, en toda manifestación humana —ya se trate de literatura, pintura, escultura— se pueden encontrar elementos que reflejen características de la época en que determinada obra se llevó a cabo, y convertirlos, de alguna manera, en una fuente documental para la historia.

En cuanto a la literatura mexicana de las primeras décadas de vida independiente, ésta tuvo un desarrollo paralelo al desenvolvimiento político del país. Si México iniciaba su camino como nación civilizada, los primeros escritos nacionales buscaban mexicanizarse y ser un reflejo de la expresión de la patria recién estrenada. El desarrollo de la cultura en los primeros años de vida independiente, así como el análisis de algunas novelas cortas, precursoras de las letras nacionales, cuyos autores tuvieron la intención de hacer “literatura mexicana”, son el tema del presente trabajo.
La influencia de Sebastián Serlio en las pinturas murales del convento dominico de Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de Yautepec, Morelos
Authors: Fernández Flores Ligia
Published: February 2022

Uno de los procesos artísticos más interesantes del arte virreinal de México, es el relacionado con la construcción de los conventos del siglo XVI, ya que a través de su estudio se pueden analizar numerosos aspectos vinculados con los proyectos misionales impulsados por los frailes. En este sentido, resulta de particular importancia entender cómo las técnicas y formas artísticas de Occidente fueron incorporadas y asimiladas por los indígenas para llevar a cabo no sólo la edificación de estos monumentales edificios, sino la manera de interpretar los modelos que les fueron proporcionados para decorar las dependencias de estos núcleos conventuales, los cuales formaron parte integral de la vida religiosa y social de numerosas comunidades y pueblos.

Entre los conjuntos conventuales fundados durante el siglo XVI en la región del actual estado de Morelos, destaca el convento dominico de Nuestra Señora de la Asunción, que se localiza en el poblado de Yautepec, el cual alberga en su iglesia y claustro una serie de pinturas murales que afortunadamente todavía se conservan, aunque éstas no han sido objeto de un estudio cuidadoso. En este sentido, aprovecho la oportunidad para realizar un acercamiento con la finalidad de elaborar un breve análisis que me permita vincular algunas de las pinturas de dicho convento con el tratado de arquitectura de Sebastián Serlio, ya que tanto sus postulados como las ilustraciones reproducidas en su Libro Quarto, fueron empleados para llevar a cabo la decoración pictórica en algunas zonas específicas, como las bóvedas y muros del claustro.
Ser, estar y haber en el aula de español como lengua extranjera
Authors: Jurado Salinas Martha
Published: February 2022

Los verbos haber, ser y estar comparten tres rasgos que los diferencian del resto de los verbos del español:
1. No nombran ninguna acción o proceso.
 
2. Su significado léxico es muy poco concreto y se refiere a la mera existencia de una entidad o bien a sus características.
 
3. Tienen funciones auxiliares.
 
Como afirma Molina Redondo, “es ya tópica la afirmación de que uno de los puntos más complicados de la gramática del español es el constituido por los usos de los verbos ser y estar”. La complejidad proviene de varios factores: en primer término, la existencia en español de dos verbos para funciones y contenidos que en otras lenguas cumple y transmite un solo verbo; en segundo lugar, la diversidad de enfoques y explicaciones que tratan de dar cuenta de la complejidad del fenómeno, unas veces apelando a un criterio único que resulta insuficiente y otras convirtiéndose en enumeraciones exhaustivas de ejemplos, excepciones, situaciones posibles, vacilaciones, etc.; y en tercer lugar, la ausencia de una explicación clara y —sin lista anexa de excepciones— aplicada al diseño de materiales para la enseñanza del español a extranjeros.
 
Indudablemente, resulta difícil buscar el equilibrio entre la simplicidad y la claridad de una propuesta teórica y el respeto debido a los fenómenos lingüísticos que se pretenden explicar. En este documento se postula la hipótesis de que la complejidad de los fenómenos lingüísticos requieren de una comprensión profunda, por parte del profesor y de los diseñadores de materiales, de conceptos lingüísticos que a veces poseen un alto grado de abstracción, pero también un amplio poder de generalización. Se propone que, adoptando una perspectiva que conjuga sintaxis, semántica, conocimiento del mundo y cognición general, se puede alcanzar este nivel explicativo. Así mismo se recurre al uso de metáforas físicas como mecanismo cognitivo que se utiliza para procesar información abstracta a partir de conceptos más concretos, simples y familiares. 
 
Esta comprensión proporcionaría la base para que profesores y diseñadores realizaran su tarea práctica, aterrizándola en explicaciones accesibles complementadas con ejercicios que propiciaran la adquisición del uso lingüístico contextualizado. Este sería, al final de cuentas, el reto de una gramática pedagógica: reducir la complejidad de las explicaciones lingüísticas, sin caer en reduccionismos simplistas.
 
En este documento se desarrolla primero una explicación contrastada entre los usos de haber/estar, después entre ser/estar, para ejemplificar cómo esta concepción, aparentemente compleja, podría aplicarse al trabajo en el aula de español como lengua extranjera.
Consideraciones sobre la enseñanza de la historia del arte mexicano a estudiantes extranjeros
Authors: Flores Flores Oscar
Published: February 2022

El presente trabajo es una reflexión sobre el tema de interculturalidad y globalización, abordado desde una forma particular, mi experiencia como docente de la materia de Historia del Arte. Enseñar arte mexicano a estudiantes extranjeros conlleva el reto de superar una serie de dificultades derivadas de las diferencias culturales de los alumnos. Las ideas que aquí presento se basan principalmente en el análisis del diversos instrumentos de evaluación interna aplicados en el curso.
Interculturalidad-globalidad, ¿compatibles con la enseñanza del español y del arte mexicano?
Authors: Fernández Hernández Silvia
Published: February 2022

Este trabajo consta de tres partes. La primera expone algunas reflexiones teóricas sobre el fenómeno de la interculturalidad en la globalidad. La segunda presenta experiencias útiles para enfrentar los modelos de interculturalidad en la enseñanza del español y la cultura a extranjeros en México. La tercera plantea tres paradigmas de la interculturalidad en el arte contemporáneo.
Los materiales didácticos como facilitadores de experiencias interculturales
Authors: Delgadillo Macías Rosa Esther
Published: February 2022

Los materiales didácticos entendidos como los instrumentos que median las acciones entre el profesor y los estudiantes, se convierten en elementos indispensables en un salón de clases multicultural ya que permiten conocer a los alumnos formas de pensar y actuar, saberes de un pueblo a través de su lengua, tanto oral como escrita.

Los materiales deben ayudar a los alumnos a desarrollar la capacidad de relacionar entre sí la cultura de origen y la cultura extranjera; la capacidad de cumplir el papel de intermediario cultural y de abordar con eficacia los malentendidos interculturales y las situaciones conflictivas; la capacidad de analizar e interpretar contenidos socioculturales transmitidos a través de la lengua, que ayudan a la comunicación intercultural e identificar diferencias proxémicas.
Español actual
Authors: Simón Ruiz Cristina
Published: February 2022

En esta reflexión se expondrán algunas de las relaciones de hecho entre dos realidades actuales: la globalización y la interculturalidad desde una de las muchas perspectivas de la disciplina lingüística. Estará dividida en dos partes y tendrá una conclusión final. La primera hará un recorrido por la dimensión lingüística en este mundo global. La segunda reflexionará, desde la perspectiva del enfoque intercultural, sobre el lugar actual que tienen las lenguas antaño transplantadas en la definición identitaria de las naciones americanas.
La estatividad en las narraciones
Authors: Granda Beatriz
Published: February 2022

En este artículo se presenta un análisis de textos narrativos producidos por alumnos anglohablantes de tres niveles de español: básico, intermedio y avanzado y hablantes nativos de la lengua, donde se identifica el uso de la morfología verbal de tiempo y aspecto para distinguir contextos narrativos específicos: niveles narrativos (mundo narrado y situación narrativa) y planos de la narración (primer plano y plano de fondo). Este marco de análisis, que considera al discurso narrativo en su condición de producción, permite comprender el uso de las formas para expresar los eventos de la historia narrada y los comentarios que hace el narrador en el momento de la enunciación narrativa.

Los resultados muestran que las mayores dificultades en el proceso de adquisición se presentan en la distinción de las formas del pretérito y copretérito combinadas con verbos de estado en diversos contextos narrativos.
Reflexiones en torno al clásico modelo de las cuatro destrezas lingüísticas
Authors: Cortés Moreno Maximiano
Published: February 2022

Tradicionalmente se viene repitiendo que las destrezas lingüísticas son la comprensión auditiva, la expresión oral, la comprensión lectora y la expresión escrita. La inclusión de dos “nuevas” destrezas —interacción y mediación— en el Marco Común Europeo de Referencia para las Lenguas, aparte de enriquecer el modelo clásico, sugiere que la existencia de otras destrezas es posible. En este trabajo exploramos los mecanismos que intervienen en la concepción de unas ideas en la mente de un individuo y en la verbalización de esas ideas, hasta llegar al oído o la vista de un destinatario, quien, merced a otros procesos inversos, complementarios e igualmente activos de descodificación y comprensión, es capaz de reconstruir en su propia mente unas ideas comparables a las que el emisor ha pretendido transmitirle con su enunciado. Toda esta reflexión nos conduce a etiquetar múltiples variantes de la compleja comunicación verbal humana. En efecto, el modelo que proponemos contempla destrezas orales, escritas, mentales y mixtas, cada una de estas modalidades desglosadas en cuatro vertientes —comprensión, expresión, interacción y mediación—, cuadruplicándose así las destrezas básicas del modelo clásico.
El relato de viaje en el complejo expositivo del siglo XIX, a través del caso de los liliputienses aztecas
Authors: Hernández Gómez Eunice
Published: February 2022

En el complejo expositivo del siglo XIX, hubo un tipo de exhibición —ya fuera exposición o espectáculo— vinculado al relato de viaje: éste fue su punto de partida y justificación. Este artículo aborda cómo el vínculo entre el relato de viaje y los mecanismos de exhibición generaron actitudes textuales, discursos sobre la otredad y nociones sobre las culturas precolombinas en la imaginación histórica que favorecieron la recepción en Inglaterra del caso de Máximo y Bartola, dos niños con microcefalia que fueron exhibidos como los últimos descendientes de una raza desparecida de “aztecas”.
La corrupción de la inocencia en “Macario” y “El juego”
Authors: Quezada Camberos Silvia , Peña Trujillo Dalia , Morán Núñez Olivia , Jiménez Edgar Leandro
Published: February 2022

El análisis comparativo entre los cuentos “Macario” del mexicano Juan Rulfo y “El juego” del panameño Pedro Rivera arrojó resultados que permitieron advertir temáticas comunes, como el abuso de mujeres adultas hacia varones jóvenes debido a la ausencia de la figura materna y del deseo sexual de ellas. El engaño se hizo presente por medio del juego y de la protección en apariencia inocentes, donde la suplantación de los roles de la adulta bienhechora se corrompió por sus deseos carnales; los dos discursos literarios dejan a la interpretación del lector el acontecer de los hechos. El acercamiento a los textos tuvo el objetivo central de comparar dos realidades geográficas distintas, pero culturalmente semejantes. El interés de la lectura analítica comparada de ambas creaciones surgió dentro de la cátedra de la asignatura de Literatura Mexicana del siglo XX, de la Universidad de Guadalajara, la cual admitió apreciar no sólo tópicos compartidos, sino recursos literarios y sobre todo elementos culturales presentes en los dos textos donde el abuso y la corrupción de los infantes se debió a aspectos de malicias ocultas en actos de abrigo a los débiles.
HOUSE OF ROLE AS AN EFFORT TO PROTECT CHILDREN FROM VIOLENCE: AN INDONESIAN HUMAN RIGHTS PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Al-Fatih Sholahuddin
Published: February 2022

This research aims to discuss the children's violence that occur in Indonesia. This research using legal research, namely research conducted to produce arguments, new theories or concepts as a prescriptive in solving the problems faced. This research found that the number of cases of violence against children in Indonesia is very high and tends to increase from year to year. To overcome this, it is necessary to create a role model house, namely a house that involves 5 elements (parents, family, community, government, local and state governments) in fulfilling children's rights to prevent violence.
KETIDAKADILAN SOSIAL DALAM NOVEL “RIHLAH ILALLÂH” KARYA NAJIB KAILANI (ANALISIS SOSIOLOGI SASTRA)
Authors: Nanda Jafrida Fonna  , Syarifuddin
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan isu ketidakadilansosial yang terkandung dalam novel Rihlah Ilallâhkarya Najib Kailani. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatifdengan landasan dokumen utama novelRihlah Ilallâh. Data dan informasi penting yang dikumpulkan dan dikaji dalam penelitian ini berupa kata, frase dan kalimat yang memuat unsur-unsur ketidakadilan sosial.Adapun teknik mengumpulkan data adalah dengan pembacaan, pencatatan, serta analisis dokumen dengan pendekatansosiologisastrasebagai kerangka berfikir. Sedangkanhasil yang diperoleh bahwa penelitian ini menunjukkan sudah terjadinya ketidakadilan sosial yang dialami oleh beberapa tokoh pemeran dalam novel ini berupa stereotip, marginanalisasi, subordinasi, dominasi,serta pelanggaran hak asasi manusia (HAM).
ANALISIS HEGEMONI GRAMSCI DALAM CERPEN “ADAM MA’RIFAT” KARYA DANARTO
Authors: Hamdiyati Siti Raudhatul
Published: February 2022

Abstrak

Cerpen-cerpen Danarto adalah parabel-parabel religius, cerita-cerita kiasan kaum kebatinan, digambarkan begitu luar biasa dengan dinamika dan daya imajinasinya. Aspek religiusitas yang digambarkan tentu tidak jauh-jauh dengan unsur kerohanian, hubungan antara manusia, tuhan, dan alam. Religiusitas dapat mempengaruhi sikap seseorang, karena religiusitas merupakan nilai-nilai suci dan sakral yang memberikan pengaruh berat pada pengalaman emosi seseorang, perilaku, cara pandang hidup, dan juga kejiwaan. Dalam mengungkapkan isi teks cerpen karya Danarto ini digunakan analisis hegemoni Gramsci dengan konsep dan formula yang didasari oleh latar historis, hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari benang merah dari konsep negara dan hegemoni pada pikiran Gramsci yang berhubungan dengan lingkungan historis.
JENIS-JENIS MAKNA DAN PERUBAHANNYA
Authors: Salbiah Rahma , Idris Mardjoko
Published: February 2022

ABSTRAK

Makna merupakan bagian integral dari semantik dan selalu melekat pada apa yang kita katakan,  ada banyak jenis-jenis makna dalam bahasan ini. Makna, suatu bentuk bahasa yang harus dianalisis dalam batas-batas unsur kritis dalam situasi di mana penutur mengujarnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Perubahan makna adalah pergeseran makna dari yang pertama ke yang berikutnya, yang perluasan, penyempitan, ameolirasi, penyorasi, sinestesia, asosiasi, penghalusan dan pengasaran. Faktor perubahan makna, perkembangan sosial budaya, tanggapan pertukaran indera, perbedaan bidang pemakaian dan perkembangan dalam ilmu dan teknologi.Perubahan-perubahan itu tidak terjadi dalam waktu yang bersamaan, melainkan jika ada faktor dan penyebabnya maka ia akan ikut berubah dengan cara dan metode tertentu.

Kata kunci: Jenis Makna, Perubahan Makna

Abstract: Meaning is an integral part of semantics and is always attached to what we say, there are many types of meaning in this discussion. Meaning, a form of language that must be analyzed within the limits of critical elements in the situation in which speakers speak it. The method used in this research is descriptive method. Changes in meaning are shifts in meaning from the first to the next, which are expansion, narrowing, ameoliration, chorus, synesthesia, association, refinement and coarsening. Factors of change in meaning, socio-cultural development, sensory exchange responses, differences in fields of use and developments in science and technology. These changes do not occur at the same time, but if there are factors and causes, they will also change in certain ways and methods.

Keywords: Type of meaning, Change of meaning
THE PSYCHOLOGICAL STRUGGLE IN THE SONG “GIVE US CHILDHOOD” BY REMY BANDALI
Authors: Zulhelmi Anshar , Pamusti Dava Diah
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Literature is a form of art that expresses human thoughts and feelings through the beauty of language, the originality of ideas and the depth of the message. Where literary psychology is a literary study that includes works as psychological creativity. The researchers were interested in analyzing the song "Give Us Childhood" by Remy Bandali using the literary psychology method, and the reason for the analysis from the perspective of literary psychology is that it found an internal conflict experienced by the characters in the song. The research method used in this study is descriptive analysis, which describes the forms of internal structures of Palestinian children in the lyrics of the song "Give Us Childhood" written by Remy Bandali. As for the data in this study, it is journals, articles and research related to the research
Place to Action! Art that Inteferes
Authors: Thalia Hoffman  , Yannick Schop  , Lakisha Apostel  , Maryam Touzani  , Alicia Cotillas Vélez  , Robin Whitehouse  , Bødvar Hole  , Miro Gutjahr  , Žilvinas Baranauskas  , Anne-Claire Flora Mackenzie  , Gaetan Langlois-Meurinne
Published: February 2022

The course Place to Action - Art that Interferes is motivated and inspired by places. More specifically: the histories, contexts, narratives, situations, circumstances and people’s interactions and intra-actions and relationships with locations, which form places. Lingering in places with attention, listening to them and experimenting the possible ways of movement within them.
These attentive gazes of places will initiate interdisciplinary artistic actions and interventions that aim to explore and reflect the possibilities of art to interfere.
Here on this exposition the group will share their findings and actions.
Diabetic myonecrosis, an uncommon presentation of diabetes mellitus in tropical area: a case report
Authors: Ziryab Imad , Abdalla Yassin Abdelrahim, , Hamza Salih Boushra , Ahmed Ali Ibrahim Elsiddig , algadir Sami Ahmed Abd , osman Sohep abdalla
Published: February 2022

33-year-old Sudanese male patient with type one diabetes presented with
progressive, severe bilateral thigh pain with low grade fever. The
patient was diagnosed initially as diabetic ketoacidosis with
pyomyositis and receive analgesic and insulin the patient partially
improved. Diagnosis of diabetic myonecrosis was made based on MRI of the
thigh.
Dracula’s menagerie: A multispecies occupancy analysis of lynx, wildcat, and wolf in the Romanian Carpathians
Authors: Dyck Marissa , Iosif Ruben , Promberger–Fürpass Barbara , Popescu Viorel
Published: February 2022

1. The recovery of terrestrial carnivores in Europe is a conservation
success story. Initiatives focused on restoring top predators, require
information on how resident species may interact with the re-introduced
species as their interactions have the potential to alter food webs, yet
such data are scarce for Europe. 2. In this study, we assessed patterns
of occupancy and interactions between three carnivore species in the
Romanian Carpathians. Romania houses one of the few intact carnivore
guilds in Europe, making it an ideal system to assess intraguild
interactions, and serve as a guide for reintroductions elsewhere. 3. We
used camera trap data from two seasons in Transylvanian forests to
assess occupancy and co-occurrence of carnivores using multispecies
occupancy models. 4. Mean occupancy in the study area was highest for
lynx ( winter= 0.76 95% CI: 0.42-0.92; autumn= 0.71 CI: 0.38-0.84)
and wolf (winter= 0.60 CI: 0.34-0.78; autumn= 0.81 CI: 0.25-0.95) and
lowest for wildcat (winter= 0.40 CI: 0.19-0.63; autumn= 0.52 CI:
0.17-0.78) 5. We found that marginal occupancy predictors for carnivores
varied between seasons. We also found differences in predictors of
co-occupancy between seasons for both lynx-wolf and wildcat-wolf
co-occupancy. For both seasons, we found that conditional occupancy
probabilities of all three species were higher when another species was
present. 6. Our results indicate that while there are seasonal
differences in predictors of occupancy and co-occupancy of the three
species, co-occurrence in our study area is high, and is dependent on
the existence of continuous, relatively undisturbed forests. 7.
Terrestrial carnivore recovery efforts are ongoing worldwide. Insights
into interspecific relations between carnivore species are critical when
considering the depauperate communities they are introduced in. Our work
showcases that apex carnivore coexistence is possible, but dependent on
protection afforded to forest habitats and their prey base.
Epigenetic/Genetic variations in CG-rich elements of immune-related genes contribute to food allergy development during childhood
Authors: Kostara Maria , Chondrou Vasiliki , Fotopoulos Vassilis , Sgourou Argyro , Tsabouri Sophia
Published: February 2022

Background: Genetic areas of FOXP3 TSDR, HLA-G upstream of CpG island
96, CpG41 and CpG73 islands of the HLA‐DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 genes
respectively, previously documented to display immune modulatory
properties, were subjected to epigenetic/genetic analysis to assess
their influence in IgE-mediated food allergy (FA) development in
children. Methods: 64 orally challenged and IgE- tested food allergic
subjects together with 44 controls were recruited. Targeted
pyrosequencing analysis, to detect DNA methylation status and genetic
variations was utilized and experimental results obtained were analysed
by statistical software platform and correlated to clinical data. Also,
transcription factor (TF) binding sites at study areas were unmasked by
the JASPAR prediction database. Results: Parents’ smoking was
significantly correlated with aberrant methylation patterns, regardless
food allergic or control status. HLA-G promoter region showed a trend
for hypomethylation in food allergic subjects, with one of the CG sites
displaying significantly decreased methylation values. Rs1233333,
residing within HLA-G promoter region preserved a protective role
towards DNA methylation. Variable methylation patterns were recorded for
CpG41 of the HLA‐DRB1 gene and hypermethylation of the region was
significantly correlated with the presence of (Single Nucleotide
Polymorphisms) SNPs. TFs’ recognition sites, located at studied genetic
areas and exerting pivotal regulatory biological roles, are potentially
affected from divergent DNA methylation status. Conclusions: We propose
that HLA-G expression is triggered by food derived allergens, providing
a TregFoxP3-/HLA-G+ subpopulation generation and direct
immune-tolerance. Furthermore, clear evidence is provided for the
underlying co-operation of genetic polymorphisms with epigenetic events,
mainly at CpG41 island of HLA-DRB1 gene, which need an extended
investigation and elucidation.
Deep Stacked Sparse Autoencoders – A Breast Cancer Classifier
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, Swedish College of Engineering and Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan., Munir Muhammad Asif , Aslam Muhammad Aqeel ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Swedish College of Engineering and Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan., Shafique Muhammad ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Swedish College of Engineering and Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan., Ahmed Rauf ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Swedish College of Engineering and Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan., Mehmood Zafar ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Swedish College of Engineering and Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan.
Published: February 2022

Breast cancer is among one of the non-communicable diseases that is the major cause of women's mortalities around the globe. Early diagnosis of breast cancer has significant death reduction effects. This chronic disease requires careful and lengthy prognostic procedures before reaching a rational decision about optimum clinical treatments. During the last decade, in Computer-Aided Diagnostic (CAD) systems, machine learning and deep learning-based approaches are being implemented to provide solutions with the least error probabilities in breast cancer screening practices. These methods are determined for optimal and acceptable results with little human intervention. In this article, Deep Stacked Sparse Autoencoders for breast cancer diagnostic and classification are proposed. Anticipated algorithms and methods are evaluated and tested using the platform of MATLAB R2017b on Breast Cancer Wisconsin (Diagnostic) Data Set (WDBC) and achieved results surpass all the CAD techniques and methods in terms of classification accuracy and efficiency.