bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A “Villain-Monk” Brought Down by a Villein-General
Authors: Chen Jinhua
Published: January 2018

Through a case study of a little-known monk, Faya 法雅‎ (?-629), a favourite of Gaozu who played an active role in the defense of the newly-founded Tang against Turk encroachments, this essay attempts to analyze some new features and patterns of early Tang state–saṃgha relations. Additionally, this essay aims to shed new light on the apparent contradiction between Buddhism’s general prohibitions against violence on the one hand and the saṃgha’s frequent and profound involvement in warfare on the other, whether to protect its own property or to court and enhance secular patronage. Finally, Faya, along with the fortune and misfortune he encountered during the final decadent years of the Sui and the first decade of the fledging Tang dynasty, presents an excellent case of how medieval Chinese Buddhist monks (and occasionally nuns) were placed under the general rubric “yaoseng/yaoni” 妖僧‎/妖尼‎ (“evil monks/nuns”), or eseng/eni惡僧‎/惡尼‎ (“villainous monks/nuns”).
Myanmar in the Fifteenth Century
Authors: Aung-Thwin Michael A.
Published: January 2018

When the kingdom of Pagan—representing the “classical state” and “golden age” of Myanmar—declined politically by the early fourteenth century, Upper Myanmar reconstituted itself into three smaller centers of power, each controlled by a minister of the old court, while Lower Myanmar, finally freed from Upper Myanmar’s hegemony, began the process of state formation for the first time. This transitional situation continued for the next half century until two new kingdoms emerged. In Upper Myanmar, it was the First Ava Dynasty and Kingdom in 1364 and in Lower Myanmar, the First Pegu Dynasty and Kingdom in 1349. BoThattained their pinnacles by the fifteenth century, and both had declined before the first half of the sixteenth century was over. That period of nearly 200 years is the only gap left in the mainstream historiography of Myanmar, which this book seeks to fill, by reconstructing the origins, development, and decline of each kingdom separately, and then examining the impact of that history on their relationship. The study shows that whereas in-land agrarian Ava continued the classical tradition of Pagan, maritime commercial Pegu was an entirely new kingdom, the first in Lower Myanmar. The situation generated a symbiotic and dualistic geo-political “upstream-downstream” relationship between the two kingdoms that became, thereafter, a recurring historical pattern until today, currently represented by in-land Naypyidaw and “coastal” Yangon.
Gendered and Censored Modernity
Authors: Kim Soojin
Published: January 2018

This chapter examines the ways in which a juxtaposition of two definitions of modernity are reflected in the two female singers, Yi Mi-ja and Patti Kim, who actively performed in postwar South Korea, particularly between the 1960s and the 1970s. While different social values and cultural practices constituted the modernity of South Korea, most scholarship on Korean popular music gives particular attention to the cultural products of modernity that have been influenced by the West, mostly by the U.S. This chapter, however, suggest that the different cultures from Korea, Japan, and the U.S. together constitute the modernity of Korea. Also, different collective memories from the Japanese colonial experience, the Korean War, and the Korean government-led economic development project shape the ideal form of modernization. Modernity in South Korean popular music shows that the periods between the 1960s and the 1970s juxtapose what the Korean society was facing and seeking at the time. Focusing on the Yi and Kim’s music and their performance styles, this chapter explores how different musical cultures and social values are reflected in their music as a way to construct gendered and censored modernity.
The Ideal Idol
Authors: Matsue Jennifer Milioto
Published: January 2018

Hatsune Miku is immensely popular. Since debuting in 2007 over 10,000 songs have been produced for her and she has appeared in 250,000 videos on-line. 4000 professional recordings have been released of her songs and numerous dolls, games, and other seemingly unlimited forms of merchandise feature her big violet eyes, floor-grazing blue pigtails and futuristic schoolgirl uniform. Hatsune Miku is actually a type of vocal synthesizer software produced by Yamaha and marketed by Crypton known as “Vocaloid 2.” Other vocal synthesizer softwares with associated characters have come before, but none have enjoyed the same success as Hatsune Miku. Hatsune Miku’s performance – whether in amateur produced songs posted on Piapro or in multi-million-dollar live 3D productions – raises many questions about the potential effects of Vocaloid software on the future of making music in Japan. Through the technical production of songs, the quality of vocals, and her presence on stage, Hatsune Miku slides back and forth between a position of classic passivity to one of female empowerment and feminist approaches to equity. This chapter further explores Hatsune Miku’s complicated position as a performer who perpetuates an objectified position of women in popular music while at the same time promotes democratic music making.
Mauli Ola: Pathways to Optimal Kanaka ‘Ōiwi Health
Authors: Kaholokula Joseph Keawe‘aimoku
Published: January 2018

This essay explores the social and cultural determinants of Kanaka ʻŌiwi (Native Hawaiian) health and the pathways to Mauli Ola (optimal health and wellbeing). Future opportunities for enhancing Mauli Ola explored are the demographic changes in the Kanaka ʻŌiwi population, continuing cultural revitalization efforts, participation in the larger society, and self-determination and the larger international Indigenous movement. Several shared Kanaka ʻŌiwi aspirations important to Mauli Ola are highlighted to include supporting a strong Kanaka ʻŌiwi identity and space, strengthening ‘ohana (family) relations, and ensuring the practice of mālama ‘āina and aloha ‘āina.
‘Imi Ho‘ōla:Reflections of Dreams Come True
Authors: Voloch Kelli-Ann Frank , Sakamoto Karen K. , Sing Patrice Ming-Lei Tim , Judd Nanette Kapulani Mossman , Ioane Akolea K. , Kanagusuku Leimomi Noel
Published: January 2018

The ʻImi Hoʻōla Post-Baccalaureate Program is a pathway to medical school for many underprivileged students who dream of becoming a physician. It seeks to improve healthcare in Hawaiʻi and the Pacific by increasing the number of physicians committed to practicing in underserved communities and producing a more diverse healthcare workforce. ʻImi Hoʻōla has forty years of experience guiding underrepresented students to prepare for and complete the medical degree program at the John A. Burns School of Medicine (JABSOM) at the University of Hawaiʻi Mānoa. The program addresses students’ academic and professional needs and focuses on their strengths in order to develop self-directed, life-long learners through the use of a problem-based learning approach with the objective of producing service-oriented medical leaders. The rich history and success of the program shines through the legacy profile of Dr. Nanette Judd as well as the reflections of four graduates and their mentors who assisted in making their dreams become a reality.
Main trends of modern development of agricultural production in the territory of Russia in the conditions of import substitution
Authors: Vasileva Elena Vasilevna , Riabova Aliona Ivanovna
Published: January 2018

The research presented in the article is aimed at revealing common main tendencies of agricultural development considered in the light of one of the pressing problems of modern Russia – the problem of import substitution. The methodological basis of the article was the monographic, statistical, logical and other methods of analysis. The main approaches to understanding the concept of «import substitution» are presented in view of the multiple interpretations. The main problems in the sphere of agricultural production have been revealed, hampering the process of import substitution. The results of the work can be used to further study and conduct a deeper analysis of the current state of import substitution of food and agricultural raw materials in Russia.
The role of trade union in implementation of labor agreements and collective agreements in enterprises in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Thu Ha
Published: January 2018

Within the enterprises, democracy and the democracy implementation have a basic content in the field of labor and employment. The democracy plays an important role at the enterprises that are implemented for the purpose of building and developing harmonious and stable labor relations with the participation of many stakeholders including trade union organizations as representatives of the protection of the workers’ rights and legitimate interests. The role of Vietnam trade union in building and developing harmony of labor relations is to increase the effectiveness of the implementation of democracy in business with more content and more concrete measures. This article mentions some questions about the role of Vietnam trade union in building, signing and executing and monitoring the implementation of collective agreements at enterprises.
Promotion of healthy food by means of design
Authors: Kramskaia Natalia Vladimirovna , Kronevald Ekaterina Valerevna
Published: January 2018

This article briefly considered the problem of healthy food, culture of food and influence of design as a culture on the positive perception of useful products. The comparative analysis of the American fast food and the Japanese sushi (the most common forms of fast food in our country) are carried out for identification of design means at the expense of which the attractive image of food is formed and the visual harmony is reached. Several versions of the approved design decisions for achievement of desirable taste perception are also offered.
New species of birch and a new location of Betula pendula on the territory of the Nakhchyvan Autonomous Republic
Authors: Ibragimov Aliiar Shakhmardan ogly , Nabieva Fatmakhanum Khalid kyzy
Published: January 2018

For the first time the authors have revealed a cultural species Betula raddeana Trautv. of the genus Betula L. (Betulaceae Dumort.), for the flora of the Nakhchivan AR collected 02.12.2018 in the city of Nakhchivan. New locations of Betula pendula Roth. were also revealed Ordubad district – Paragachay, Agdara, between the villages of Mazra and Urmys, in the vicinity of the settlements of Bilav, Paraga and Bilav-Tivi 1600–2600 m above sea level. The birch species are of national economic and medical importance.
Symbols and Emblemata. Peter the First
Authors: Aleksandrova Anna Dmitrievna
Published: January 2018

The article is devoted to the study of the emergence of the concept of «symbol» in Russian culture of the XVIII century. The idea of introducing symbols into the culture, allowed not only the extollment of the secular over the religious, but also the strengthening of the right to power. Appealing to the book «Symbols and Emblemata» allows us to consider the ideas of Peter the First in the framework of cultural discourse.
Colchicine in Renal Diseases: Present and Future
Authors: Marinaki Smaragdi , Skalioti Chrysanthi , Boletis J.N.
Published: January 2018

Colchicine is a lipophilic alkaloid drug, which exhibits ant-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties.
Cardinal mechanisms of action of colchicine are the disruption of the microtubule system and the inhibition of
neutrophil adhesion and recruitment.

Colchicine is indicated in the prevention and treatment of gouty arthritis and familial Mediterranean fever. In this
review, we summarize current and potentially future pharmacologic activities of colchicine in various renal disease
entities along with pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. Additionally, we will refer to main
interactions of colchicine with medications used in renal medicine, as well as dosing recommendations in patients
with reduced glomerular filtration rate.
Is there Sex-related Outcome Difference According to oral P2Y12 Inhibitors in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 107,126 Patients
Authors: Brown Oliver , Rossington Jennifer , Buchanan Gill Louise , Patti Giuseppe , Hoye Angela
Published: January 2018

Background and Objectives: The majority of patients included in trials of anti-platelet therapy
are male. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine whether, in addition to aspirin,
P2Y12 blockade is beneficial in both women and men with acute coronary syndromes.

Methods: Electronic databases were searched and nine eligible randomised controlled studies were
identified that had sex-specific clinical outcomes (n=107,126 patients). Risk Ratios (RR) and 95% Confidence
Intervals (CI) were calculated for a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction or
stroke (MACE), and a safety endpoint of major bleeding for each sex. Indirect comparison analysis was
performed to statistically compare ticagrelor against prasugrel.

Results: Compared to aspirin alone, clopidogrel reduced MACE in men (RR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.68 to
0.92; p=0.003), but was not statistically significant in women (RR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.75 to 1.02, p=0.08).
Clopidogrel therapy significantly increased bleeding in women but not men. Compared to clopidogrel,
prasugrel was beneficial in men (RR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.97; p=0.02) but not statistically significant
in women (RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.06; p=0.30); ticagrelor reduced MACE in both men (RR, 0.85;
95% CI, 0.77 to 0.94; p=0.001) and women (RR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.97; p=0.02). Indirect comparison
demonstrated no significant difference between ticagrelor and prasugrel in either sex. Compared to
clopidogrel, ticagrelor and prasugrel increased bleeding risk in both women and men.

Conclusion: In summary, in comparison to monotherapy with aspirin, P2Y12 inhibitors reduce MACE
in women and men. Ticagrelor was shown to be superior to clopidogrel in both sexes. Prasugrel showed
a statistically significant benefit only in men; however indirect comparison did not demonstrate superiority
of ticagrelor over prasugrel in women.
Spectroscopic, thermal, second order and third order NLO studies of N, N’ -dimethyl urea crystal
Authors: Kannan Rajesh , Narayanasamy G , Subramanian S. , Selvarajan P.
Published: January 2018

Nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals are classified into organic, inorganic and semi organic crystals and these crystals are used in the fields of optical communication, optical computing, frequency doubling, optical data processing and opto electronics. In this work an organic NLO crystal namely DMU crystal was prepared. Slow evaporation technique was adopted to grow the single crystals of DMU after the growth period of 35 days. The harvested crystals have been subjected to various characterization techniques like XRD, FTIR, FT-Raman, TG/DTA, SHG, EDAX, impedance, optical and Z-scan studies. From the studies, is observed that DMU crystal has orthorhombic structure and it has the melting point at 105 oC and has the decomposition point at 275 oC. The relative SHG efficiency of DMU crystal was found to be more than one and third order NLO parameters were evaluated. The optical band gap of DMU crystal was found to be 5.008 eV.The results from various studies were analyzed.
O curso de pós-graduação em acessibilidade cultural da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro e suas ações de ensino, pesquisa e extensão
Authors: Dornelles Patricia Silva , Carvalho Claudia Reinoso Araujo de , Castro Aline R.S. Ferreira de
Published: January 2018

O Curso de Especialização em Acessibilidade Cultural (CEAC), criado em 2013 pelo Departamento de Terapia Ocupacional da UFRJ em parceria com o Ministério da Cultura, é uma iniciativa pioneira de formação lato sensu na temática. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar o CEAC e suas contribuições para o fortalecimento de uma política que reflita e articule a Acessibilidade Cultural para as pessoas com deficiência. Por meio de um relato de experi-ência, antecedido por uma breve contextualização política sobre o tema, foram discutidos os aspectos inerentes ao curso: indissociabilidade entre pesquisa, ensino e extensão; a formação de uma rede de articulação, fomento e formação em acessibilidade cultural e a produção científica decorrente do CEAC. Constatou-se que em suas duas edições ele teve um papel estratégico na visibilidade da questão e na luta das pessoas com deficiência pela garantia de acesso à fruição cultural, tal como preconizado pelas políticas públicas
Design para experiência multissensorial em museus
Authors: Cardoso Eduardo , Silva Tânia Luisa Koltermann da , Zardo Kemi Oshiro
Published: January 2018

Este artigo visa apresentar os resultados obtidos com a pesquisa de doutorado intitulada Design para experiência multissensorial em museus: fruição de objetos culturais por pessoas com deficiência visual, realizada no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Design da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (PgDesign/UFRGS), de 2012 a 2016. Teve-se como objetivo propor os requisitos para o projeto e o desenvolvimento de recursos multimodais táteis e sonoros para fruição de objetos culturais pelo usuário com deficiência visual em museus, segundo uma abordagem integrada com base no design para a experiência. O embasamento metodológico ampara-se nas abordagens de pesquisa qualitativa e pesquisa aplicada. Assim, são empregadas as técnicas de observação direta, entrevistas e Engenharia Kansei para caracterizar e compreender as experiências dos sujeitos da pesquisa, bem como para compreender os processos de desenvolvimento e os materiais para produção de recursos para consequente avaliação. A verificação do trabalho ocorreu no Museu Joaquim Felizardo, em Porto Alegre. Os requisitos de projeto validaram a hipótese elencada em resposta ao problema de pesquisa. Além dos requisitos de projeto, chegou-se a novos instrumentos para o auxílio no projeto de recursos de acessibilidade, como: metodologia para o desenvolvimento de recursos multimodais táteis e sonoros e instrumento para avaliação da experiência pelo usuário por meio de escalas de diferencial semântico.
A audiodescrição dos sentimentos das personagens no filme Um amigo inesperado
Authors: Abud Janaína Vieira Taillade , Mascarenhas Renata Oliveira
Published: January 2018

Este artigo apresenta parte dos resultados do Projeto CAD_TV (PosLA/UECE/BFPFUNCAP), que, por meio de um estudo baseado em corpus, descreveu as estratégias de tradução de roteiros de audiodescrição (AD) de programas exibidos na televisão brasileira. Nessa perspectiva, o presente trabalho objetiva analisar as estratégias discursivas utilizadas no roteiro de AD do filme Um Amigo Inesperado (2006) para recriar os sentimentos das personagens. Para isso, as seguintes etapas foram realizadas: (1) solicitação da gravação do programa junto à emissora; (2) transcrição da AD em software específico; (3) etiquetagem do roteiro de AD; (4) revisão das etiquetas;(5) identificação das recorrências narrativo-discursivas; (6) descrição e análise das recorrências mais significativas; e (7) comparação das estratégias discursivas das inserções de AD com as imagens do filme. Foram consideradas, neste estudo, apenas as etiquetas referentes à classificação das emoções das personagens, no caso, estado emocional, estado mental e expressão facial. De modo geral, a análise evidenciou um paralelismo entre signos visuais da obra e signos verbais do roteiro de AD. No nível gramatical-discursivo, percebeu-se uma tendência à inversão de termos da oração, estratégia que atribuiu destaque às informações relativas aos sentimentos das personagens.
Trabalho docente e atendimento educacional especializado: uma análise da produção acadêmica no portal de teses e dissertações da CAPES – 2013 a 2016
Authors: Silva Osni Oliveira Noberto , Miranda Theresinha Guimarães , Bordas Miguel Angel Garcia
Published: January 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é conhecer, através de uma revisão sistemática, as pesquisas relacionadas com trabalho docente e Atendimento Educacional Especializado, entre os anos de 2013 e 2016. Observou um aumento no número de pesquisas que relacionam esses 2 elementos. Entretanto, houve um predomínio dos estudos nas regiões Sul e Sudeste em detrimento das outras regiões do País. Foi possível perceber que os estudos encontrados sobre trabalho docente e AEE tiveram como foco os seguintes elementos: políticas públicas, prática pedagógica, formação de professores, tecnologias  assistivas, discurso dos professores, identidade docente, bem-estar docente, avaliação e produção do conhecimento. Entre os instrumentos metodoló-gicos encontrados, ainda que variando em nomenclatura e abordagem, percebeu-se prioritariamente o uso da entrevista, presente em 30 estudos, seguido da análise documental em 13, da observação em 15, da análise documental em 13, do grupo focal em 9, do diário de campo e da dinâmica conversacional em 1 cada.
Políticas de inclusão e as recomendações dos organismos internacionais para o ensino médio e superior no Brasil
Authors: Roggero Rosemary , Rocha Aline Sarmento Coura , Silva Filho Geuid Cavalcante
Published: January 2018

O presente trabalho aborda as políticas educativas de inclusão no âmbito do ensino médio e superior, no período de 2003 a 2014. O problema de investigação consiste em saber qual a resposta brasileira às recomendações internacionais em relação à inclusão de parcelas da população jovem no ensino médio e superior. O objetivo é analisar a influência das recomen-dações dos organismos internacionais sobre as políticas educacionais para os ensinos médio e superior brasileiros, na perspectiva de inclusão dos jovens em processos de escolarização e profissionalização. Para isto, realizamos um recorte histórico das políticas educacionais para os ensinos médio e superior nos governos de Luís Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2010) e Dilma Rousseff (2011-2014); analisamos os principais documentos com recomendações dos organismos internacionais para o ensino médio e o ensino superior; e investigamos a influência das recomendações dos organismos internacionais sobre essas políticas educacionais,bem como a resposta a essas recomendações. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Adotamos como referencial teórico a Teoria Crítica da Escola de Frankfurt
O olhar, a palavra e a audiodescrição (ad)
Authors: Santos Admilson , Silva Luciene Maria da , Farias Sandra Regina Rosa
Published: January 2018

As pessoas com deficiência visual contam com um recurso de acessibilidade  denominado Audiodescrição (AD) que consiste, grosso modo, na descrição de informações que são veiculadas visualmente em um filme, programa de televisão, peça de teatro, fotografia, pintura, escultura ou o que mais envolva imagem. O debate atual sobre AD perpassa por problematizar as questões estéticas na sua realização. Para pensar sobre essas fissuras das abordagens a respeito da recepção pelas pessoas cegas, recorremos ao filme documentário Janela da Alma, dos cineastas João Jardim e Walter Carvalho, de 2001, em diálogo com autores que refletiram sobre a proeminência do olhar. Em seguida abordamos e refletimos sobre o papel da palavra, com base em Bakhtin (2003, 2006) e outros autores. Realizada deste lugar, a AD será fruto da  consciência de que somos pelo reconhecimento das nossas possibilidades e do outro, bem como pelo respeito à diversidade e às diferenças.
GREEN LIBRARIES: INDIA VS INTERNATIONAL SCENARIO
Authors: Thomas Raysh
Published: January 2018

Concept of Green Libraries gradually attracting attention of library administrators worldwide and the efforts to develop green libraries are on rise. This is becoming a kind of movement now and has started gaining momentum in India
as well though it initially started in USA,UK and Canada who are leading countries to adopt the concept. The present paper discusses about current scenario of green libraries development in India and other developing countries. LEED is the major performance standard in countries abroad and IGBC is an Indian standard to measure the performance. The attempt is made to understand the concept, role of various associations and training available on green libraries, existing standards to measure the performance and pros and cons of the green libraries in general.
The Implied Freedom of Political Communication and Disclosure of Government Information
Authors: Jolly Richard
Published: January 2018

The implied freedom of communication about government and political matters is now firmly entrenched in constitutional jurisprudence, following the High Court decisions in Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation and Levy v Victoria. Both its existence and the manner of its implication, namely from the text and structure of the constitution, are “not open to doubt”. Although this more “traditional” approach to the derivation of constitutional implications appears to reduce the likelihood of further implications based upon representative government, the scope and extent of the implied freedom still require considerable elaboration. However, the application of accepted principles to particular areas, even if that leads to an expanded interpretation of the freedom, has a surer foundation than the derivation of new freedoms.
Proceedings in Relation to Children in the Post Cross-Vesting Era
Authors: Kovacs Dorothy
Published: January 2018

Since its creation by the Family Law Act in 1975 the Family Court of Australia has relied on various measures which have been implemented from time to time to overcome the deficits in its jurisdiction in relation to children. These deficits emanate from insufficiencies in constitutional power. Those measures include the addition in 1983 of the jurisdiction in relation to the welfare of a child by the Family Law (Amendment) Act 1983 (Cth) and the reference by the Australian States, between 1986 and 1990, of substantial powers by the Commonwealth Powers (Family Law Children) Acts. These substantially extended the jurisdiction of the Family Court in respect of ex-nuptial children. Remaining gaps in jurisdiction were filled by the enactment of the State and Federal Jurisdiction of Courts (Cross-Vesting) Acts 1987 which conferred on the Court the jurisdiction of the State Supreme Courts. The Court has thus been in the happy position since 1987 of hearing State matters in association with children's issues which were instituted in the Family Court; and it has received and heard State matters involving State law which were transferred to it by State Supreme Courts.
The Federal Constitutional Right to Vote in Australia
Authors: Twomey Anne
Published: January 2018

The franchise is the linchpin of representative democracy. The level of representation is dependent upon the extent of the franchise. This most fundamental of democratic rights, the right to vote for those who govern, is not entrenched in the Commonwealth Constitution. At the time the Constitution was enacted, the franchise was in a period of flux, with property qualifications and plural voting on the demise and the concept of a universal franchise in the ascendant. Proposals to enshrine the franchise in the Constitution met with protests that the smaller colonies, such as South Australia (which allowed women the right to vote) were attempting to impose their will on the larger colonies of New South Wales and Victoria. It is not surprising therefore that such protection as mar be found in the Constitution for the right to vote has been described as “obscure”.
Sir Anthony Mason
Authors: Zines Leslie
Published: January 2018

Anthony Frank Mason came to the notice of many in the legal profession early in his career. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1951 and three years later had his first significant success in a constitutional challenge to provisions of the Bankruptcy Act, arguing that provisions purporting to give power to the registrar were contrary to Chapter III of the Constitution. Shortly afterwards he endeavoured to appear for Fitzpatrick in the proceedings before the House of Representatives against his client and Browne for contempt of Parliament but he was denied permission. He has said that that experience had a considerable effect on his outlook in respect of the principles of natural justice and the importance of the courts in protecting the citizen.

In 1964 he was appointed Solicitor-General of the Commonwealth. While he was the fourth person to hold that position (the others being Garran, Knowles and Bailey) he was the first Solicitor-General who was not also Secretary of the Attorney-GeneralIs Department. His main duties were, therefore, to act as counsel and adviser to the Commonwealth. This gave him insights into the institutions and organisation of government which no doubt played their part in the formation of his later judicial views on public law.
Judicial Review: A View from Constitutional and other Perspectives
Authors: Mason Anthony
Published: January 2018

Administrative law forms an important part of public law. Public law also includes and is subject to the prescriptions of constitutional law. In shaping the principles of public law within the limits that necessarily apply to the judicial process, the courts, notably the High Court, have a large responsibility. There is the responsibility to ensure that the principles so shaped protect and enhance the form of democratic government for which the Constitution provides, as well as the rights and freedoms recognised by the common law, the common law being the foundation of the Australian Constitution. Professor Allars has succeeded in painting a broad picture of what that has entailed in the area of administrative law, so far as I was concerned.

Justice Gummow is unquestionably right in reminding us that judicial review has roots in the Constitution itself. Whether he is also right in saying that there has been a failure to realise this by some who teach administrative law not comparatively, but through English spectacles, I am unable to judge.
The Rights of Citizens and the Limits of Administrative Discretion: The Contribution of Sir Anthony Mason to Administrative Law
Authors: Allars Margaret
Published: January 2018

It seems natural, almost inevitable, that courts should perceive their role in judicial review as protection of the rights of citizens. Presented with litigation between citizens, the court protects the rights of the party .entitled to win. In the case of litigation between citizen and government, if there are any rights at all to protect, they will be rights of citizens. We can hardly speak of rights of government. Yet government, in exercising powers conferred by the parliament which represents the people in accordance with the will of the majority, claims a mandate to make policy and implement it. Perhaps this mandate is also a right deserving of the protection of the courts. It could be argued, after all, that the public interest consists in the collective rights of the majority.
The Crown
Authors: Seddon Nick
Published: January 2018

“…the concept of the Crown is…deeply ambiguous.”

The ambiguity surrounding the concept of the Crown stems from the very many functions that it has been required to perform. One tends to forget that it is merely a type of hat, as Maitland and Lord Simon have observed, so bound up in the symbolism of that headgear has the word become. So important was this symbolism that Oliver Cromwell ordered that the regalia should be totally broken. This symbolism, in its turn, metamorphosed from representing the person of the king or queen to the artificial person of a corporate body, though it was not clear whether the Crown was a corporation sole or corporation aggregate. This corporate manifestation was needed to explain how it was that government continued without being dependent on the person of the sovereign. The Crown was the government occupying a role not dissimilar to the Holy Trinity, being the executive, judicial and legislative arms of government in one. Each of these arms to this day, both in England and Australia, does things in the name of the sovereign.
The Underpinnings of Judicial Review of Administrative Action: Common Law or Constitution?
Authors: Gageler Stephen
Published: January 2018

There was published in the University of Chicago Law Review some years ago a debate between Professor Dworkin and Judge Posner in the course of which Judge Posner drew a distinction between “top down” and “bottom Up” reasoning. He accused Professor Dworkin of being a “top downer” and professed himself to be an unashamed “bottom upper”.

Let me explain the distinction. In “top down” reasoning the judge or legal analyst adopts a theory about an area of law. The theory is then used to organise and explain the cases; to marginalise some and to canonise others. In “bottom up” reasoning the judge or legal analyst starts with the mass of cases or the legislative text and moves only so far as necessary to resolve the case at hand. According to Judge Posner “[t]he top downer and the bottom upper do not meet”.

The distinction is useful although the dichotomy is not complete. The “bottom upper” would be lost in the wilderness of the single instance without some organising theory.
The Ghost of Truganini: Use of Historical Evidence as Proof of Native Title
Authors: Reilly Alexander
Published: January 2018

In numerous histories of Aboriginal peoples in Tasmania written up to the 1970s, the image of Truganini, in western clothes seeing out her days, is the visible presence of extinction. “Her last years were comfortable, it seems, but there was a shadow over them—her fear of the body-snatchers and mutilation after death... ‘Don't let them cut me up’ she begged the doctor as she lay dying. 'Bury me behind the mountains.' The histories end with romantic philosophical musings over the inevitable demise of Tasmanian Aborigines. “The Tasmanians were hurried and harried from the face of this earth by the poison of European contact and the sword of destruction. Unable to merge with the European colonists, unable to withstand them, they perished.” The histories present a natural and irrefutable closure. There are no Tasmanian Aborigines.

The advent of native title law has brought with it a new interrogation of the history of Aboriginal people in Australia. The claims process has produced new ethnographic, anthropological and historical interest in indigenous history and culture.
Judicial Intervention in Parliamentary Proceedings: The Implications of Egan V Willis
Authors: Keith Russell
Published: January 2018

In Egan v Willis, the High Court declared that the New South Wales Legislative Council had a common law power to call for state papers from Ministers in the House. The case's greatest constitutional significance, however, may be its effect on the relationship between the Parliament and the Court. By making declarations about the relationship between a Minister and the House, the Court appears to have taken on a new role of arbitrating internal parliamentary proceedings independent of any substantive issue outside the House. While such intervention may help secure the rule of law within the legislature, it has traditionally been held that the internal proceedings of the legislature should be subject to the control of the people's elected representatives alone. The need for independence between the legislative, judicial and executive arms of government and their effective operation has, within the British and American constitutional traditions, led to the identification of certain issues as being outside the jurisdiction of the courts or otherwise not justiciable.
PENGARUH MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE MACROMEDIA FLASH 8 TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VIII
Authors: Umam Khoerul , Yudi Yudi
Published: January 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui terdapat atau tidaknya pengaruh Macromedia Flash terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMP Kelas VIII (delapan) pada semester genap tahun pelajaran 2012/2013. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebelumnya telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar matematika siswa yang diajarkan dengan menggunakan penggunaan Macromedia Flash 8 dengan hasil rerata pada kelas eksperimen dan pada kelas kontrol . (2) hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penggunaaan Macromedia Flash terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa setelah didapatkan bahwa thitung=2,910 > 2,002=t(0,975;(58)) dengan taraf signifikansi =0,05.
ADVERSITY QUOTIENT DAN PENALARAN KREATIF MATEMATIS SISWA SMA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN ARGUMENT DRIVEN INQUIRY PADA MATERI TURUNAN FUNGSI
Authors: Hidayat Wahyu
Published: January 2018

This study is designed in the form of experiment with the design of control group and posttest only aimed at investigating the role of learning that Argument Driven Inquiry (ADI) in improving senior high school students’ creative mathematical reasoning ability. The population of this study was senior high school students’ in Cimahi City and the samples were 69 senior high school students’ set purposively and randomly to be included into the experimental class and control class. Based on the results and discussion, it is concluded that: (1) creative mathematical reasoning ability of the students who received Argument Driven Inquiry (ADI) instruction is better than those who received direct instruction is reviewed based on the whole and the type of Adversity Quotient (Quitter / AQ Low, Champer / AQ Medium, and the Climber / AQ High); Learning factors and type of Adversity Quotient (AQ) affect the achievement of creative mathematical reasoning skills students. In addition, there is no interaction effect between learning and AQ together in developing the creative mathematical reasoning ability of students'; (3) creative mathematical reasoning ability of students’ has not been achieved optimally on the indicators novelty.
PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIKA PADA MATERI SEGIEMPAT SISWA SMP
Authors: Fitrah Muh
Published: January 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan aktivitas guru dan siswa pada pembelajaran berbasis masalah yang dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa dan peningkatan pemahaman konsep siswa pada konsep matematika materi segiempat serta respon siswa pada pembelajaran berbasis masalah. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas bersifat kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa SMP Negeri 1 Dompu Kelas VIIA sebanyak 34 Orang. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar tes, observasi dan wawancara, angket serta dokemen. Data penelitian inipun dianalisis dalam bentuk rata-rata dan persentase kemudian dikombinasikan dengan hasil wawancara yang bersumber dari guru dan siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman konsep siswa dapat ditingkatkan menggunakan pembelajaran berbasis masalah, terbukti pada peningkatan setiap siklus pembelajaran. Hal ini didukung pada aktivitas guru dan siswa berdasarkan langkah-langkah pada pembelajaran berbasis masalah yaitu pada siklus pertama aktivitas guru dengan presentasenya 92,5% meningkat disiklus kedua sebesar 97,5%, sedangkan aktivitas siswa disiklus pertama dengan presentasenya adalah 93,8% dan meningkat pada siklus kedua sebesar 97,69%. Sedangkan pada hasil tes pemahaman konsepnya adalah pada siklus pertama adalah 79, 41% dengan rata-rata nilainya adalah 77,35 dan pada siklus kedua pemahaman konsep matematika siswa meningkat secara signifikan, hal ini terbukti presentasenya adalah 88,24% dengan rata-rata nilainya adalah 84,26. Sehingga pencapaian antara aktivitas guru dan siswa serta pemahaman konsep matematika siswa pada pembelajaran berbasis masalah mendapatkan respon yang positif berdasarkan transkripsi dari siswa, karena siswa merasa senang dengan suasana belajar yang memaksimalkan aktivitas pada kelompok yang dibagikan.
THE CONCEPT OF THE INVESTMENT ACTIVITY IN THE FUEL AND ENERGY COMPLEX OF THE REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA
Authors: Оборин Матвей , Oborin Matvey , РОДЕНКО Ирина , RODENKO Irina
Published: January 2018

The article considers the implementation of investment process in the fuel and energy complex of the Republic of Crimea. Also, the article states that the fuel and energy complex of the Republic of Crimea is one of the most attractive areas for investment and has huge investment potential. The structure of the investment potential of fuel and energy complex is the complex system, in which elements can be influenced not only separately but also in their interaction. Furthermore, the overall investment attractiveness of fuel and energy complex is formed. The article is aimed at determination of influence of investment activity and its role in the development and effective functioning of the fuel and energy complex of the Republic of Crimea. The economic-statistical method, forecasting, systematic approach, and the method of expert assessment are main the methods of the article. The authors develop the Concept of investment activity in the fuel and energy complex of the Republic of Crimea. It consists of four parts: substantial, conceptual, strategic and effective. The substantial part includes object, subject, and purpose of the concept; conceptual – tasks, principles of the concept; strategic – directions of concept realization; effective – performance assessment of the concept realization. Thus, the Concept of realizing the investment activity in the fuel and energy complex of the Republic of Crimea reflects the main priorities and specific measures which are aimed at creating the mechanisms of investment attractiveness in fuel and energy complex of the Republic of Crimea.
POTENTIAL OF THE HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE OF PRICAMA CITY SARAPUL IN THE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Оконникова Татьяна , Okonnikova Tatyana , Саранча Михаил , Sarancha Mikhail
Published: January 2018

The article provides an overview of the historical development of the city Sarapul. This second largest city of the Udmurt Republic has significant tourism potential, which is based on rich historical and cultural heritage. History of Sarapul, according to the available data, is rooted in the XVI century. In the second half of the XVIII century the city became a district center in the Vyatka province. Administrative status and favorable geographical position of Sarapul on the banks of navigable Kama caused a rapid transformation of the city in the commercial and industrial center of Middle Kama region, the capital of his social and spiritual life. Merchant was the most significant social stratum in the city. The most prominent representatives of merchants – P.A. Bashenin, G.D. Peshekhonov et al. – made famous city in the whole country. Merchant house, churches, industrial buildings, public institutions buildings that was often built on donations of the merchants made a unique architectural appearance of Sarapul, took shape in the late XIX – early XX centuries. The unique historical heritage of the city has preserved until today. The list of historical and cultural monuments located in the territory of the city, includes more than 200 objects. The city is the birthplace of famous people, including hero of the Patriotic War of 1812 N. A. Durova. Sarapul listed as "Historic cities of Russia". The city be- came the basis for the investment project "Tourism and recreation cluster "Kamskiy Bereg", supported by the Agency for Tourism of the Russian Federation. Given the existing tourist potential, convenient location on the route of cruise ships, the activities of the Museum of History and Culture of Middle Kama region for the organization of tourist activities, the measures undertaken in the framework of the development of the tourism cluster, there is every reason to believe that Sarapul will become an attractive tourist center not only in Udmurtia, but the entire Volga region.
Mulheres, seus saberes, fazeres e afazeres: o gênero feminino nos museus da imigração alemã no sul do Brasil
Authors: Gevehr Daniel Luciano , Berti Franciele , Fetter Shirlei Alexandra , Alves Mittanck Vanuza
Published: January 2018

A pesquisa discute as narrativas visuais produzidas sobre as mulheres de origem germânica nos museus de imigração da Antiga Colônia Alemã de São Leopoldo (RS – Brasil). A constituição das expografias apresentam discursos sobre a mulher de origem germânica – e que através das narrativas expostas nos museus – permitem compreender os imaginários sociais e as representações construídas sobre as mulheres. Valemo-nos da análise das narrativas visuais presentes nas ambiências dos museus, onde encontramos espaços como a “cozinha”, a“sala-de-estar”, o “quarto” e objetos que procuram colocar em relevo seus saberes e afazeres. Pretendemos mostrar como estes lugares de memória contribuem para a difusão de representações sobre o gênero feminino. Através da investigação pretendemos discutir os elementos simbólicos que buscam materializar, através de sua expografia, uma determinada história das mulheres. Essa, por sua vez, nos revela escolhas e enquadramentos da memória ao mesmo tempo em que define aquilo que deve ser mostrado e guardado para a exposição pública. Os museus são compreendidos na pesquisa como manifestações simbólicas, que falam de forma direta sobre o lugar e sobre os grupos sociais responsáveis pela sua produção, num processo de lutas simbólicas, no qual a imposição de representações sobre o passado passa pela seleção daquilo que deve ser preservado nos espaços sociais, e que passam a representar parte do passado.
Corporeidades Identitárias no Xirê
Authors: Costa Alberto Roberto
Published: January 2018

Este trabalho relata experiências de um professor de Arte da educação básica da rede pública do Distrito Federal. Apresenta noções de corporeidades sob a perspectiva iorubana presente no Brasil, dialogando com a Etnocenologia e com os Estudos Decoloniais. Objetiva refletir sobre as práticas e comportamentos humanos espetaculares organizados produzidos para ressignificar identidades nas relações de poder da colonialidade. O diálogo proposto aponta o xirê como prática ritualística candomblecista onde acontecem aprendizagens estéticas que redimensionam conceitos de corporeidades negras e potencializam vivências educativas decoloniais. Este texto consiste, sobretudo, em um exercício de tradução a partir do ponto de vista da ecologia de saberes. A metodologia focada na auto-etnografia e na trajetividade busca estabelecer conexões intersubjetivas em que os saberes produzidos prezam pelo reconhecimento do saber sensível presente na expressividade corporal como experiência geradora de conhecimento.
PLAY AND RITUAL – ONTOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF PHOTOGRAPHY
Authors: MAVROPOL Andra
Published: January 2018

Play and Ritual – Ontological Aspects of Photography. This research aims to analyse the ontological aspects of photography that relate to its lack of objectivity, namely the concepts of play and ritual that are important parts in photography’s being in the world. Acknowledging that what appears on the surface of the picture is the result of distortions caused by the technical praxis or by the photographer’s intentional intervention, one should be bound to question photography’s realism. My claim is that the apparently objective picture depicts, in fact, a constructed image that implies a creative process in which the photographer, the model and the spectator are involved. The paper follows Andre Bazin, Jean Baudrillard and Roland Barthes’ discourses about the ontology of photography, through an analysis of its ritualistic aspect, which involves a process of recreating reality through play. The importance of this paper can be highlighted by the fact that it offers an insight into a problem that is often overlooked: the photographic image’s lack of objectivity is rarely questioned on one hand, and on the other, subjectivity can be noticed through the way in which one relates to the photographic image, since it has the ability to depict a person or a scene that can trigger some sort of a personal response to that image in the spectator.