bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The offering of incense make : Jewish mystical perspectives on disease and healing*
Authors: Ackermann Domenik
Published: June 2022

An examination of a passage from the Zohar on Exodus (2:218b‐219b) provides Jewish mystical perspectives on disease, which may help inform a Christian response of solace and healing to illness and suffering in general, and to the COVID‐19 pandemic in particular. The aforementioned passage in the Zohar describes the preparation of incense. The primary purpose of the portion maintains that incense has special healing powers that even relieve people from severe diseases. The relating Midrash Ha‐Ne'lam explains the passage further by referring to the 4th century Palestinian Rabbi Aha arriving at a town that struggles with an epidemic. It describes how R. Aha initiates a ritual containing a study of the Talmud on incense, after which the village is healed from the epidemic. The Jewish theological background and reception of the passage may shed new light on how ritual and sensory experience can alleviate the experience of disease and suffering.
Adverse events after different forms of botulinum neurotoxin A injections in children with cerebral palsy: An 8‐year retrospective study
Authors: Li Jinling , He Lu , Tang Hongmei , Peng Tingting , Long Yao , Zeng Peishan , Huang Yuan , Chen Zhaofang , Han Mingshan , Xu Kaishou
Published: June 2022

Aim

To compare the risks of adverse events 3 months after Onabotulinumtoxin‐A and Lanbotulinumtoxin‐A injections in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and to identify risk factors and associations.

Method

A total of 1037 children (682 males, 355 females; mean age 5 years 2 months [SD 3 years]; age range 2 years–17 years 10 months) with CP underwent 1013 Onabotulinumtoxin‐A injections and 418 Lanbotulinumtoxin‐A injections from 2012 to 2021. Information was recorded in a purpose‐built database.

Results

The adverse event rates of Onabotulinumtoxin‐A and Lanbotulinumtoxin‐A were reported as 13.92% and 11.96% respectively. Most adverse events were mild and self‐limiting. Children in Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels IV to V had a higher risk of adverse events than those in GMFCS levels I to III (odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval {CI}] = 3.65 [1.56, 5.40], p < 0.01). The history of recent illness and higher dose increased the likelihood of adverse events (OR [95% CI] = 2.00 [1.55, 3.00] and 2.20 [1.53, 3.07] respectively, p < 0.01). Sex, age, and the number of injections had no significant effect on adverse event rates (p > 0.05). The incidence of upper respiratory tract infection and lower respiratory tract infection after injections was weakly correlated with the incidence before injections (r = 0.36 and r = 0.27 respectively, p < 0.01).

Interpretation

Occurrence of adverse events was similar between Onabotulinumtoxin‐A and Lanbotulinumtoxin‐A in children with CP. Dose, GMFCS level, and health background were risk factors.

What this paper adds

The prevalence of adverse events was similar between Onabotulinumtoxin‐A and Lanbotulinumtoxin‐A in children with cerebral palsy (CP).

The prevalence of adverse events increased with the severity of CP and the injected dose.

Sex, age, and number of injections had no significant effect on the prevalence of adverse events.
Effect of upper limb focal muscle vibration on cortical activity: A systematic review with a focus on primary motor cortex
Authors: Kolbaşı Esma Nur , Huseyinsinoglu Burcu Ersoz , Bayraktaroğlu Zübeyir
Published: June 2022

This systematic review aimed to investigate the effects of upper extremity focal muscle vibration (FMV) on cortical activity. A systematic literature search was conducted for articles published in English in the SCOPUS, PEDro, PUBMED, REHABDATA, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases. Eighteen studies (6 controlled and 12 experimental studies) were included in the systematic review. A total of 264 individuals (20 to 68 years) participated in the studies. The outcome of this review showed that FMV might have contradictory effects on cortical areas: (a) Reduction of cortical activity in the primary motor cortex (M1) and somatosensory cortex (S1), (b) no changes in the cortical activity of M1, and (c) increased cortical activity of M1 and S1. These effects may depend on different factors such as frequency and amplitude of FMV, vibration exposure time, and muscle status. However, no single factor can definitely be accounted for the variance.
Human parainfluenza 2 & 4: Clinical and genetic epidemiology in the UK, 2013–2017, reveals distinct disease features and co‐circulating genomic subtypes
Authors: Chellapuri Akhil , Smitheman Matthew , Chappell Joseph G. , Clark Gemma , Howson‐Wells Hannah C. , Berry Louise , Ball Jonathan K. , Irving William L. , Tarr Alexander W. , McClure C. Patrick
Published: June 2022

Background

Human Parainfluenza viruses (HPIV) comprise of four members of the genetically distinct genera of Respirovirus (HPIV1&3) and Orthorubulavirus (HPIV2&4), causing significant upper and lower respiratory tract infections worldwide, particularly in children. However, despite frequent molecular diagnosis, they are frequently considered collectively or with HPIV4 overlooked entirely. We therefore investigated clinical and viral epidemiological distinctions of the relatively less prevalent Orthorubulaviruses HPIV2&4 at a regional UK hospital across four autumn/winter epidemic seasons.

Methods

A retrospective audit of clinical features of all HPIV2 or HPIV4 RT‐PCR‐positive patients, diagnosed between 1st September 2013 and 12th April 2017 was undertaken, alongside sequencing of viral genome fragments in a representative subset of samples.

Results

Infection was observed across all age groups, but predominantly in children under nine and adults over 40, with almost twice as many HPIV4 as HPIV2 cases. Fever, abnormal haematology, elevated C‐reactive protein and hospital admission were more frequently seen in HPIV2 than HPIV4 infection. Each of the four seasonal peaks of either HPIV2, HPIV4 or both, closely matched that of RSV, occurring in November and December and preceding that of Influenza A. A subset of viruses were partially sequenced, indicating co‐circulation of multiple subtypes of both HPIV2&4, but with little variation between each epidemic season or from limited global reference sequences.

Conclusions

Despite being closest known genetic relatives, our data indicates a potential difference in associated disease between HPIV2 and HPIV4, with more hospitalisation seen in HPIV2 mono‐infected individuals, but a greater overall number of HPIV4 cases.
Battles of mobile payment networks: The impacts of network structures, technology complementarities and institutional mechanisms on consumer loyalty
Authors: Gong Xiang , Cheung Christy M. K. , Liu Shan , Zhang Kem Z. K. , Lee Matthew K. O.
Published: June 2022

Most information systems (IS) research takes for granted that consumers' adoption and the use of mobile payment (MP) applications are motivated by generic factors such as perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Challenging this assumption, we argue that the salient contextual characteristics of MP applications compel a reconsideration and problematization of research on MP adoption and use. Drawing on network effect theory, we examined how contextual network effects and contextual network types determine MP consumer loyalty. Using a mixed methods design, we find that direct network effects (i.e., network size, network centrality, network capability), indirect network effects (i.e., platform–application complementarity, application–service complementarity, service–strategy complementarity) and negative network effects (i.e., general institutional structure, general structural assurance, local institutional structure and local structural assurance) are key determinants of perceived benefits, which further promote MP consumer loyalty. Furthermore, except for general institutional structure and general structural assurance, all of the network effects are important predictors of switching costs, which influence MP consumer loyalty. Finally, the impacts of network effects on MP consumer loyalty differ between consumer‐ and service‐oriented networks. Our study enriches the IS literature by problematizing the core assumption underlying the MP adoption and use research and offering a contextual explanation of MP consumer loyalty. Our work also provides practitioners with insights into how to better leverage network effects on MP consumer loyalty.
Could we prove the nursing outcomes utilising clinical data warehouse? Effectiveness of pressure ulcer intervention in Korean tertiary hospital
Authors: Kim Moonsook , Park Se Yeon , Piao Meihua , Lim Earom , Yoo Soon Hwa , Ryu Minju , Lee Hyo Yeon , Won Hyejin
Published: June 2022

The use of Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW)  for research and quality improvement has become more frequent in the last 10 years. In this study, we used CDW to determine the effectiveness of pressure ulcer interventions offered by ward nurses and wound care nursing specialists. A retrospective clinical outcomes study that utilise CDW has been carried out. We identified 1415 patients who were evaluated as pressure ulcer risk group from 1 July 2019 to 31 December 2019. Kaplan‐Meier survival analyses were used to estimate the time to occurrence of pressure ulcers. We compared the survival curves of each group by applying the log‐rank test for significance. The overall median time to occurrence for both groups was 13 days (95% CI range: 11‐14 days). The control group showed a longer median time (14 days) to occurrence than the case group (12 days). In the pressure ulcer stage I, the case group showed a longer median time (14 days) to occurrence than the control group (8 days), indicating that the intervention provided by the wound care nursing specialist was effective in stage I, and delayed the occurrence of pressure ulcers. The findings may be used as preliminary data for the utilisation of the CDW in the field of nursing research in the future. Also, facilitating the accessibility of the wound care nursing specialist in the general wards should be effective to decrease the incidence rates.
Insight into the wetting behavior of AgCu‐xTi on ZrO2: Spreading and microstructural evolution
Authors: Zhou Wenlong , Liu Di , Fu Wei , Wang Huaijin , Song Xiaogong , Hu Shengpeng , Niu Hongwei
Published: June 2022

Understanding the wetting behavior is significant to the fabrication of ceramic/ceramic (or metal) components. Here, the typical AgCu‐xTi/ZrO2 system is selected and its wetting behavior is studied by improved sessile drop method for various Ti content (x = 1, 2, 3, 4, wt%) at temperature range of 800°C to 950°C. The spreading of AgCu‐xTi melt on ZrO2 substrate consists of two stages: (I) rapid‐spreading stage and (II) sluggish‐spreading stage. The spreading is determined by the interfacial interactions. Two kinds of products, TiO and Cu3Ti3O, nucleate and grow at the interface. Because of their metallic property, the wettability of AgCu‐xTi/ZrO2 is significantly improved. Before continuous layer forms, the transportation of reactive mass is fast. Therefore, plenty of interfacial products precipitate at the interface resulting in the rapid spreading of AgCu‐xTi melt on ZrO2. After that, the formed continuous acts as barrier suppressing interfacial reactions, thereby a sluggish‐spreading stage is followed. This work provides insights into the interfacial microstructure inducing spreading of the AgCu‐xTi/ZrO2 system.
Issue Hierarchization in Agenda‐Setting: The Case of the European Council Agenda
Authors: Ullrichova Eliska
Published: June 2022

Agenda‐setting scholars tend to search for a problem that receives the most policy attention, a so‐called primary issue. Since the concept of the primary issue is vague, this article aims to define and implement it in a framework of issue hierarchization leaning on the issue's place, space and framing on the agenda. The position and the hierarchy of issues are considered crucial elements of agenda‐setting but omitted in the literature. The article thus examines the hierarchy of issues in EU agenda‐setting, specifically on the case of the European Council agenda in the period December 2014–December 2020 using a holistic grading method. The findings show that the agenda can consist of more primary and several secondary issues at once. Interestingly, if more primary issues require policy attention, policy‐makers tend to mobilize additional resources to tackle them instead of dropping secondary issues off the agenda.
Prediction of water relaxation time using near infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Junkai , Matsuura Hiroaki , Shirakashi Ryo
Published: June 2022

Molecular rotational relaxation time of water is believed to be an important parameter to evaluate the deterioration rate of biomaterial. In this work, we proposed and verified a method of using Fourier‐transform near infrared spectroscopy, which has advantages of non‐invasion, low‐cost, high spatial resolution as well as being time efficient, to predict the relaxation time of water in biomaterial. The Langevin equation of rotational Brownian motion of water dipole with double‐fold cosine potential barrier, solution of which gives the relaxation time as a function of potential barrier height, was applied to water–saccharide systems. We assumed that this potential barrier height is comparable to the increase of hydrogen bond strength of water in saccharide solution. The hydrogen bond strength values of pure water and saccharide solutions were calculated from the measured NIR absorbance band of water at 4500 –5500 cm−1. The relaxation times yielded by this method are in good agreement with those measured by dielectric spectroscopy.

Practical Applications

Water plays important role in the investigation of long‐term preservation of biomaterials, since it is the medium of many chemical reactions which eventually lead to the deterioration. In principle, both cryopreservation and dry‐preservation involve the reduction of the mobility of water molecules to reduce chemical reaction rates. The rotational relaxation time as an indicator of molecular mobility of water was proved directly related to the protein deterioration rate. Compared with conventional methods of measuring water relaxation time such as dielectric spectroscopy or magnetic resonance, FT‐IR system has many advantages: low cost, non‐invasion, time efficient, and can provide spatial resolution up to μm level with infrared microscope. Therefore, our method may provide convenience to monitor crop growth and evaluate the quality of food in storage.
Multimodality treatment of vascular anomalies of the head and neck
Authors: Dorrity Jeffrey , Mack Joana , Wong Kevin , Richter Gresham T.
Published: June 2022

Background

Vascular anomalies affect up to 5% of children with the majority affecting the head and neck. They present at different ages as a wide variety of lesions. A careful evaluation with history, physical examination, and imaging assists in the proper diagnosis. Depending upon the condition treatment options for vascular anomalies include topical therapy, selective photothermolysis, sclerotherapy, embolization, surgical excision, and targeted systemic therapy.

Conclusion

Staged multimodal therapeutic regimens have proven to best control disease and allow for the preservation of function and aesthetics. The timing, sequence, and combination of therapies are best determined by a multidisciplinary vascular anomalies team. Patients and families need to be counseled on anticipated positive outcomes following a protracted course of treatment for the majority of vascular anomalies.
Interdisciplinary Management of a Patient with Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Type II Using a Combination of CAD‐CAM and Analog Techniques: A Clinical Report
Authors: Azpiazu‐Flores Francisco X. , Knobloch Lisa A. , Larsen Peter E.
Published: June 2022

Type II dentinogenesis imperfecta is an autosomal dominant condition that affects dentin which increases the complexity of the predictability of restorative treatment. Computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD‐CAM) technologies permit the creation of highly accurate devices and dental prostheses that simplify the planning and execution of advanced implant surgery and full‐mouth rehabilitation. This clinical report presents the interdisciplinary management of a 20‐year‐old male with dentinogenesis imperfecta type II. In this article, a combination of analog and CAD‐CAM technologies were used to fabricate devices that aided planning, assisted intermaxillary fixation and implant placement, served as interim prostheses, and permitted the accurate establishment of esthetics and occlusion of the definitive full‐arch prostheses.
Evergreen forest types of the central plains in Cambodia: floristic composition and ecological characteristics
Authors: Theilade Ida , Phourin Chhang , Schmidt Lars , Meilby Henrik , van de Bult Martin , Friborg Katrine Gro
Published: June 2022

Current vegetation maps show evergreen forests of Cambodia as one homogenous forest type. However, ecological field studies in the central plains demonstrated a heterogenous mosaic of different evergreen forest types, each with a unique species composition and ecological characteristics. Based on six botanical expeditions, we describe four lowland evergreen forest types: 1) riverine forest dominated byDipterocarpus costatus(Dipterocarpaceae); 2) tall dipterocarp forest dominated byAnisoptera costata(Dipterocarpaceae); 3) swamp forest dominated byMacaranga triloba(Euphorbiaceae); and 4) ‘Sralao', an open forest with a monodominance ofLagerstroemia cochinchinensis(Lythraceae). Ordination by non‐metric multi‐dimensional scaling (NMDS) indicated that the four forest types represent well‐separated floristic entities with Sralao as the most deviant community. The highest species diversity was found in the riverine forest ( = 2.65), followed by tall dipterocarp forest ( = 2.53) and swamp forest ( = 2.34), whereas the Sralao forest had the lowest species diversity ( = 1.64). We argue that botanical fieldwork remains essential to refine vegetation maps otherwise based on remote sensing, and that knowledge of species composition is essential to conserve Indochina's vanishing evergreen forest biodiversity.
Septal coronary artery fistula after left bundle branch area pacing assessed by multi‐imaging modalities and shunt volume quantification
Authors: Kato Hiroyuki , Yanagisawa Satoshi , Ota Ryusuke , Murakami Hisashi , Kada Kenji , Tsuboi Naoya , Inden Yasuya , Murohara Toyoaki
Published: June 2022

Septal coronary artery fistula is a rare but concerning complication of left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP). We report the case of an 82‐year‐old man who was indicated for cardiac resynchronization therapy and underwent LBBAP. The patient had no chest symptoms during or after implantation. Postoperative echocardiography demonstrated a new abnormal tunnel inside the interventricular septum (IVS) and shunt flow from the IVS toward the right ventricle. Coronary angiography confirmed a septal coronary artery fistula, which might have been formed by failed deep screw attempts. Since the shunt volume assessed by the Qp/Qs was small, the patient was treated conservatively.
Recent work on traditional arguments for theism II
Authors: McIntosh Chad A.
Published: June 2022

I survey recent and overlooked work on four of the most common and perennial arguments for theism: from morality, miracles, religious experience, and pragmatic considerations.
Recent Work on Traditional Arguments for Theism I
Authors: McIntosh Chad A.
Published: June 2022

I survey recent and overlooked work on three of the most common and perennial arguments for theism: cosmological, ontological, and design arguments.
Mind the gaps: Occupational and environmental exposures in interstitial lung diseases
Authors: Yates Deborah H.
Published: June 2022

See related article
Flame Spread Pulsation Characteristics of Transformer Oil Vertical Spill Fire
Authors: Li Liyang , Chen Peng , Sun Ruibang , Zhai Xu , Shi Congling
Published: June 2022

To investigate the effects of fuel discharge rate and initial fuel temperature on flame pulsation characteristics of vertical spill fire, a series of experiments under continuous leakage conditions are conducted on a specially designed experimental setup, for which transformer oil is selected as the fuel. Results show that the vertical spill fire burning area can be divided into three parts. Both the main flame and the flash flame are involved in the flame pulsation behavior, and the essence of the flame pulsation of the vertical spill fire is the periodic alternation of the diffusion flame and the premixed flame. Flame pulsation frequency shows a linear negative correlation with the fuel leakage rate, it decreases from 3.56 Hz (4.98 ml m−1s−1) to 2.439 Hz (15.93 ml m−1s−1), and it has a positive correlation with the initial fuel temperature. As the fuel discharge rate increases, the pulsation amplitude increases while the flame transient spread rate decreases, both of them have no significant correlation with the initial fuel temperature. The ratio of the average flame pulsation amplitude to the maximum pulsation amplitude is between 0.57 and 0.76. The flame transient spread rate shows a negative correlation with the fuel discharge rate, the maximum flame spread velocity reaches 3.17 m/s and 2.85 m/s in the growing phase and shrinking phase respectively. Due to the entrainment effect of the flame plume, the flame transient spread rate in the shrinking phase is higher than that in the growing phase. Analyzed the diffusion process of fuel vapor and the heat transfer mechanism of vertical spill fire, the control of fuel leakage rate and initial temperature on the flame pulsation characteristics is mainly manifested in its influence on the fuel evaporation and diffusion process and the length of preheating area. This work provides data supplement on the flame spread of liquid fuel spill fire.
Spatial acuity of the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) biosonar system with a bat and human comparison
Authors: Branstetter Brian K. , Brietenstein Rachel , Goya Gavin , Tormey Megan , Wu Teri , Finneran James J.
Published: June 2022

Horizontal angular resolution was measured in two bottlenose dolphins using a two-alternative forced-choice, biosonar target discrimination paradigm. The task required a stationary dolphin positioned in a hoop to discriminate two physical targets at a range of 4 m. The angle separating the targets was manipulated to estimate an angular discrimination threshold of 1.5°. In a second experiment, a similar two-target biosonar discrimination task was conducted with one free-swimming dolphin, to test whether its emission beam was a critical factor in discriminating the targets. The spatial separation between two targets was manipulated to measure a discrimination threshold of 6.7 cm. There was a relationship between differences in acoustic signals received at each target and the dolphin's performance. The results of the angular resolution experiment were in good agreement with measures of the minimum audible angle of both dolphins and humans and remarkably similar to measures of angular difference discrimination in echolocating dolphins, bats, and humans. The results suggest that horizontal auditory spatial acuity may be a common feature of the mammalian auditory system rather than a specialized feature exclusive to echolocating auditory predators.
An isogenic panel of
App
knock-in mouse models: Profiling β-secretase inhibition and endosomal abnormalities
Authors: Watamura Naoto , Sato Kaori , Shiihashi Gen , Iwasaki Ayami , Kamano Naoko , Takahashi Mika , Sekiguchi Misaki , Mihira Naomi , Fujioka Ryo , Nagata Kenichi , Hashimoto Shoko , Saito Takashi , Ohshima Toshio , Saido Takaomi C. , Sasaguri Hiroki
Published: June 2022

We previously developed single App knock-in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that harbor the Swedish and Beyreuther/Iberian mutations with or without the Arctic mutation (

App
NL-G-F

and

App
NL-F

mice). We have now generated
App
knock-in mice devoid of the Swedish mutations (

App
G-F

mice) and evaluated its characteristics. Amyloid β peptide (Aβ) pathology was exhibited by

App
G-F

mice from 6 to 8 months of age and was accompanied by neuroinflammation. Aβ-secretase inhibitor, verubecestat, attenuated Aβ production in

App
G-F

mice, but not in

App
NL-G-F

mice, indicating that the

App
G-F

mice are more suitable for preclinical studies of β-secretase inhibition given that most patients with AD do not carry the Swedish mutations. Comparison of isogenic
App
knock-in lines revealed that multiple factors, including elevated C-terminal fragment β (CTF-β) and humanization of Aβ might influence endosomal alterations in vivo. Thus, experimental comparisons between different isogenic
App
, knock-in mouse lines will provide previously unidentified insights into our understanding of the etiology of AD.
Point mutations that boost aromatic amino acid production and CO
2
assimilation in plants
Authors: Yokoyama Ryo , de Oliveira Marcos V. V. , Takeda-Kimura Yuri , Ishihara Hirofumi , Alseekh Saleh , Arrivault Stéphanie , Kukshal Vandna , Jez Joseph M. , Stitt Mark , Fernie Alisdair R. , Maeda Hiroshi A.
Published: June 2022

Aromatic compounds having unusual stability provide high-value chemicals and considerable promise for carbon storage. Terrestrial plants can convert atmospheric CO
2
into diverse and abundant aromatic compounds. However, it is unclear how plants control the shikimate pathway that connects the photosynthetic carbon fixation with the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids, the major precursors of plant aromatic natural products. This study identified
suppressor of tyra2
(
sota
) mutations that deregulate the first step in the plant shikimate pathway by alleviating multiple effector-mediated feedback regulation in
Arabidopsis thaliana
. The
sota
mutant plants showed hyperaccumulation of aromatic amino acids accompanied by up to a 30% increase in net CO
2
assimilation. The identified mutations can be used to enhance plant-based, sustainable conversion of atmospheric CO
2
to high-energy and high-value aromatic compounds.
Gene therapy targeting protein trafficking regulator MOG1 in mouse models of Brugada syndrome, arrhythmias, and mild cardiomyopathy
Authors: Yu Gang , Chakrabarti Susmita , Tischenko Miroslava , Chen Ai-Lan , Wang Zhijie , Cho Hyosuk , French Brent A. , Naga Prasad Sathyamangla V. , Chen Qiuyun , Wang Qing K.
Published: June 2022

Brugada syndrome (BrS) is a fatal arrhythmia that causes an estimated 4% of all sudden death in high-incidence areas.
SCN5A
encodes cardiac sodium channel Na
V
1.5 and causes 25 to 30% of BrS cases. Here, we report generation of a knock-in (KI) mouse model of BrS (

Scn5a
G1746R/+

). Heterozygous KI mice recapitulated some of the clinical features of BrS, including an ST segment abnormality (a prominent J wave) on electrocardiograms and development of spontaneous ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VTs), seizures, and sudden death. VTs were caused by shortened cardiac action potential duration and late phase 3 early afterdepolarizations associated with reduced sodium current density (
I
Na
) and increased
Kcnd3
and
Cacna1c
expression. We developed a gene therapy using adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9) vector-mediated
MOG1
delivery for up-regulation of MOG1, a chaperone that binds to Na
V
1.5 and traffics it to the cell surface. MOG1 was chosen for gene therapy because the large size of the
SCN5A
coding sequence (6048 base pairs) exceeds the packaging capacity of AAV vectors. AAV9-
MOG1
gene therapy increased cell surface expression of Na
V
1.5 and ventricular
I
Na
, reversed up-regulation of
Kcnd3
and
Cacna1c
expression, normalized cardiac action potential abnormalities, abolished J waves, and blocked VT in

Scn5a
G1746R/+

mice. Gene therapy also rescued the phenotypes of cardiac arrhythmias and contractile dysfunction in heterozygous humanized KI mice with
SCN5A
mutation p.D1275N. Using a small chaperone protein may have broad implications for targeting disease-causing genes exceeding the size capacity of AAV vectors.
Adeno-Associated Virus Receptor-Binding: Flexible Domains and Alternative Conformations through Cryo-Electron Tomography of Adeno-Associated Virus 2 (AAV2) and AAV5 Complexes
Authors: Hu Guiqing , Silveria Mark A. , Zane Grant M. , Chapman Michael S. , Stagg Scott M.
Published: June 2022

With 150 clinical trials for 30 diseases under way, AAV is a leading gene therapy vector. Immunotoxicity at high doses used to overcome inefficient transduction has occasionally proven fatal and highlighted gaps in fundamental virology.
Deep Sequencing Analysis of Individual HIV-1 Proviruses Reveals Frequent Asymmetric Long Terminal Repeats
Authors: Joseph Kevin W. , Halvas Elias K. , Brandt Leah D. , Patro Sean C. , Rausch Jason W. , Chopra Abha , Mallal Simon , Kearney Mary F. , Coffin John M. , Mellors John W.
Published: June 2022

The integration of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) into chromosomal DNA establishes the long-term persistence of HIV-1 as proviruses despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). Characterizing proviruses is difficult because of their rarity in individuals on long-term suppressive ART, their highly polymorphic sequences and genetic structures, and the need for efficient amplification and sequencing of the provirus and its integration site.
A So-Far Overlooked Secondary Conformation State in the Binding Mode of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein to Human ACE2 and Its Conversion Rate Are Crucial for Estimating Infectivity Efficacy of the Underlying Virus Variant
Authors: Sevenich Marc , van den Heuvel Joop , Gering Ian , Mohrlüder Jeannine , Willbold Dieter
Published: June 2022

The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is characterized by the high infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 and its derived variants of concern (VOCs). It has been widely assumed that the reason for its increased cell entry compared with SARS-CoV (2002) is due to alterations in the viral spike protein, where single amino acid residue substitutions can increase affinity for hACE2.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Marinobacter
sp. Strain C7 Isolated from Seawater in Con Bung Coast, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc-Lan , Vu Van Dung , Nguyen Van Tung , Nguyen Thi Kim Lien , Nguyen Huy Hoang
Published: June 2022

Marinobacter
sp. strain C7 was isolated from seawater collected on the Con Bung coast, Vietnam. Here, we report a draft genome sequence of strain C7 consisting of 4,057,300 bp with 59.2% GC content and 109 contigs. The genome sequence of strain C7 provides an overview of its halophilic properties.
LINEAR STABILITY OF A FILTRATION FLOW WITH GAS–OIL INTERFACE WITHIN THE BRINKMAN APPROACH
Authors: Tsypkin G. G. , Shargatov V. A.
Published: June 2022

Abstract—The problem of vertical flow stability in an oil reservoir with a gas cap is considered, when the oil flow obeys the Brinkman equation. Boundary conditions at the moving boundary of the gas-oil interface are derived and a basic solution is obtained. The normal mode method is used to study the stability of the gas–oil interface. The obtained dispersion equation is investigated. Conditions for flow stability are found for all values of the parameters, and it is shown that, in the linear approximation, the growth rate of short-wave perturbations tends to zero with increasing wave number.
Gastrointestinal symptoms and nutritional issues in patients with hypermobility disorders: assessment, diagnosis and management
Authors: Lam Ching , Amarasinghe Gehanjali , Zarate-Lopez Natalia , Fikree Asma , Byrne Peter , Kiani-Alikhan Sorena , Gabe Simon , Paine Peter
Published: June 2022

Patients diagnosed with hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and hypermobile spectrum disorders are increasingly presenting to secondary and tertiary care centres with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and nutritional issues. Due to the absence of specific guidance, these patients are investigated, diagnosed and managed heterogeneously, resulting in a growing concern that they are at increased risk of iatrogenic harm. This review aims to collate the evidence for the causes of GI symptoms, nutritional issues and associated conditions as well as the burden of polypharmacy in this group of patients. We also describe evidence-based strategies for management, with an emphasis on reducing the risk of iatrogenic harm and improving multidisciplinary team care.
Arthrodesis for Primary Osteoarthritis of Trapeziometacarpal Joint Using Multiple Kirschner Wires and Tension Band Wire in Female Patients Older than 40
Authors: HATTORI Yasunori , HAYASHI Kota , CHIA Dawn Sinn Yii , SAKAMOTO Sotestu , DOI Kazuteru
Published: June 2022

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of arthrodesis with multiple Kirschner (K)-wires and tension band wire for primary osteoarthritis of trapeziometacarpal (TM) joint in female patients aged 40 years or older.

Methods: We retrospectively obtained data regarding all female patients 40 years or older who underwent TM joint arthrodesis for TM joint osteoarthritis with K-wires and tension band wire over a 10-year period from 2009 till 2019. Thumb length, active range of motion (ROM) at the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint, active ROM of radial and volar adduction and abduction and key pinch strength was measured. Patient-reported outcomes were assessed using a pain and satisfaction questionnaire and the DASH score. We also recorded postoperative complications.

Results: The study included 60 thumbs in 49 patients with an average age 60 years and a mean follow-up of 40 ± 21 months. All but one thumb had radiographic evidence of fusion within 6 months and the union rate was 98%. Key pinch strength increased from 2.3 to 4.9 kg after surgery. Total arc of motion in radial adduction–abduction decreased from 16° to 10°. Total arc of motion in volar adduction–abduction decreased from 25° to 9°. One patient experienced attritional rupture of the flexor pollicis longus tendon attributed to a K-wire penetration into the carpal tunnel. Although 46 thumbs (77%) had no or mild hardware-related symptoms, they underwent hardware removal after solid bone union. In 23 thumbs with follow-up period longer than 48 months, two thumbs developed scaphotrapeziotrapezoid joint arthritis and two thumbs developed metacarpophalangeal joint arthritis.

Conclusions: We found that arthrodesis with multiple K-wires and tension band wire is a valuable option in the management of trapeziometacarpal joint osteoarthritis in female patients aged 40 years or older.

Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic)
Linear Address Spaces
Authors: Kamp Poul-Henning
Published: June 2022

The linear address space as a concept is unsafe at any speed, and it badly needs mandatory CHERI seat belts. But even better would be to get rid of linear address spaces entirely and go back to the future, as successfully implemented in the Rational R1000 computer 30-plus years ago.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Predictive Models in Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Saatchi Mohammad , Khatami Fatemeh , Mashhadi Rahil , Mirzaei Akram , Zareian Leila , Ahadi Zeinab , Aghamir Seyed Mohammad Kazem
Published: June 2022

Aim. Accurate diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) has a fundamental role in clinical and patient care. Recent advances in diagnostic testing and marker lead to standardized interpretation and increased prescription by clinicians to improve the detection of clinically significant PCa and select patients who strictly require targeted biopsies. Methods. In this study, we present a systematic review of the overall diagnostic accuracy of each testing panel regarding the panel details. In this meta-analysis, using a structured search, Web of Science and PubMed databases were searched up to 23 September 2019 with no restrictions and filters. The study’s outcome was the AUC and 95% confidence interval of prediction models. This index was reported as an overall and based on the WHO region and models with/without MRI. Results. The thirteen final articles included 25,691 people. The overall AUC and 95% CI in thirteen studies were 0.78 and 95% CI: 0.73–0.82. The weighted average AUC in the countries of the Americas region was 0.73 (95% CI: 0.70–0.75), and in European countries, it was 0.80 (95% CI: 0.72–0.88). In four studies with MRI, the average weighted AUC was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.86–0.90), while in other articles where MRI was not a parameter in the diagnostic model, the mean AUC was 0.73 (95% CI: 0.70–0.76). Conclusions. The present study’s findings showed that MRI significantly improved the detection accuracy of prostate cancer and had the highest discrimination to distinguish candidates for biopsy.
Construction of Tourism Management Engineering Based on Data Mining Technology
Authors: Ma Zhichen
Published: June 2022

In order to improve the construction quality of tourism management projects, this paper applies data mining algorithm to tourism management, and analyzes the SMOTE algorithm. According to the improvement direction, this paper proposes two improved algorithms, KM-SMOTE and RM-SMOTE, and uses the clustering algorithm to preprocess the minority data set. Moreover, on this basis, this paper establishes clusters and obtains cluster centers. The deficiencies of fuzzy positive and negative class boundaries can be effectively solved by oversampling with the cluster center as the base point, and in the case of appropriately expanding the reasonable data interpolation method, the area space of boundary interpolation can be shrunk, and the performance of the algorithm can be improved. It can be seen from the simulation test research that the tourism management system based on data mining proposed in this paper can play an important role in tourism management and effectively promote the improvement of tourism management efficiency.
Intangible Cultural Heritage Management and Protection Based on Spatial Information Technology under the Background of Internet of Things
Authors: Sun Jiaxi
Published: June 2022

Intangible Cultural Heritage does not rely on material forms but is displayed through human inheritance, different tools, and flexible forms, which make the traditional management and protection methods unable to meet the needs of its development. Therefore, this paper puts forward the research on the management and protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage based on spatial information technology under the background of Internet of things and selects sports intangible cultural heritage as an example, combined with GIS technology and virtual reality technology. The analysis of the experimental results shows that the types of Chinese sports intangible cultural heritage are mainly martial arts, lack of water and ice and snow activities. The spatial distribution is uneven, with regional and ethnic differences, and six core density circles are formed in the form of clusters. Ecological environment, declaration system, and project classification are the main influencing factors of the spatial distribution of China’s sports intangible cultural heritage. Therefore, in the management and protection of sports intangible cultural heritage, we should not only consider the impact of its ecological environment, but also give it modern function and inheritance form in combination with the needs of modern society while maintaining its connotation and spirit, so as to promote its protection, development, and inheritance.
Construction and Application of Relationship Model between Development of Mining Industry and Carbon Emission of Energy Consumption
Authors: Wei Lili , Jia Guangyu , Xu Xiaohui , Zhao Lingyun
Published: June 2022

With the world’s consensus on low‐carbon emission reduction, all walks of life have formulated low‐carbon development goals. As a high‐energy consumption industry, it is urgent for mining industry to implement the development strategy of low‐carbon emission reduction. Therefore, this study tries to provide reasonable suggestions and references for the low‐carbon development of the mining industry. Firstly, this study analyzes the industry development, energy consumption, and carbon emission of mining industry from 2000 to 2020. Then, using the Tapio theory, this study constructs the analysis model of decoupling between carbon emission of mining industry and industry growth. The analysis method of decoupling state assignment is proposed for the first time in the model. At the same time, the energy efficiency decoupling index and energy structure decoupling index are introduced to explain the causes of carbon emission decoupling. The research shows that the carbon emission of energy consumption in China’s mining industry peaked in 2013, and the energy efficiency decoupling in 2001–2014 is the main driver of carbon emission decoupling. The sharp growth of industrial output value leads to the decoupling of energy efficiency. At present, the improvement of energy efficiency of China’s mining industry faces great resistance. At the same time, the inhibition effect of energy efficiency on carbon emissions is limited, and the energy structure will be the main factor to inhibit carbon emissions.
Application of a Novel Collocation Approach for Simulating a Class of Nonlinear Third-Order Lane–Emden Model
Authors: Adel Waleed , Sabir Zulqurnain , Rezazadeh Hadi , Aldurayhim A.
Published: June 2022

The present study aims to design a mathematical system based on the Lane–Emden third-order pantograph differential model by using the general forms of the pantograph as well as the Lane–Emden models. The designed model is divided into two types along with the various singularity details at each point. The shape factors and the pantograph points are discussed for each type of the newly designed nonlinear third-order pantograph differential model. The Bernoulli collocation scheme is implemented to find the numerical results of the novel model. To show the reliability of the designed novel nonlinear model, four different variants have been solved. Moreover, the comparison of the obtained results with the exact solutions is presented to check the accuracy of the designed novel model.
Solar Cells Produced by Diamond Wire Sawn Multicrystalline Silicon Wafer by Using Additive-Assisted Acidic Texturization
Authors: Sun Jie , Zuo Yan , Sun Runguang , Zhou Lang
Published: June 2022

A novel additive-assisted acidic etching method is proposed to improve the etched morphology of the diamond wire sawn (DWS)-processed multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si) wafers. The proposed etching technique is a cost-effective method for surface texturization of DWS-processed mc-Si wafers, which can be used for large-scale production of Si-based solar cells. Moreover, the mechanism of additive-assisted etching is explained by decoupling the roles of surfactants and etching inhibitors. The additive-assisted etching of DWS-processed mc-Si wafers resulted in different morphology to the slurry wire sawn (SWS)-processed mc-Si wafers under optimized etching conditions. It has been observed that the etched morphology and reflectivity of DWS-processed mc-Si wafers are significantly influenced by the ratio of hydrofluoric acid (HF): nitric acid (HNO3) solution. High-quality etching morphologies have been obtained. Therefore, high-power conversion efficiency of 19.0% and open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.6386 V have been demonstrated by additive-textured DWS-processed Si-based solar cells. The improved power conversion efficiency and Voc can be ascribed to the reduced defect area of the wafer surface. In summary, the proposed additive-assisted acidic etching is an effective strategy to obtain the desired surface texturization of DWS-processed Si wafers for high-performance solar cell applications.
Melatonin Alleviates PM2.5-Induced Hepatic Steatosis and Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease in ApoE-/- Mice
Authors: Du Zhou , Liang Shuang , Li Yang , Zhang Jingyi , Yu Yang , Xu Qing , Sun Zhiwei , Duan Junchao
Published: June 2022

Background. Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with the risk of developing metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Melatonin is the main secreted product of the pineal gland and has been reported to prevent hepatic lipid metabolism disorders. However, it remains uncertain whether melatonin could protect against PM2.5-induced MAFLD. Methods and Results. The purpose of our study was to investigate the mitigating effects of melatonin on hepatic fatty degeneration accelerated by PM2.5 in vivo and in vitro. Histopathological analysis and ultrastructural images showed that PM2.5 induced hepatic steatosis and lipid vacuolation in ApoE-/- mice, which could be effectively alleviated by melatonin administration. Increased ROS production and decreased expression of antioxidant enzymes were detected in the PM2.5-treated group, whereas melatonin showed recovery effects after PM2.5-induced oxidative damage in both the liver and L02 cells. Further investigation revealed that PM2.5 induced oxidative stress to activate PTP1B, which in turn had a positive feedback regulation effect on ROS release. When a PTP1B inhibitor or melatonin was administered, SP1/SREBP-1 signalling was effectively suppressed, while Nrf2/Keap1 signalling was activated in the PM2.5-treated groups. Conclusion. Our study is the first to show that melatonin alleviates the disturbance of PM2.5-triggered hepatic steatosis and liver damage by regulating the ROS-mediated PTP1B and Nrf2 signalling pathways in ApoE-/- mice. These results suggest that melatonin administration might be a prospective therapy for the prevention and treatment of MAFLD associated with air pollution.
Immune Cell Infiltration Characteristics of Pigmented Villous Nodular Synovitis and Prediction of Potential Diagnostic Markers Based on Bioinformatics
Authors: Zhang Jun , Li Bin , Zhao Boming , Qi Yongjian , Chen Liaobin , Chen Jun , Chen Biao
Published: June 2022

Background. Pigmented villous nodular synovitis (PVNS) is a tumor‐like proliferative disease characterized by impairment of daily activities, decreased quality of life, and a high recurrence rate. However, the specific pathological mechanisms are still ill‐defined and controversial. The purpose of this study was to define potential diagnostic markers and evaluate immune cell infiltration in the pathogenesis of PVNS. Method. The expression profile of GSE3698 was reanalyzed in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. First, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the R package “limma” and analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment. Next, the DEGs were imported into the STRING database and Cytoscape to construct a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. Then, cytoHubba and ROC curve analyses were used to determine potential diagnostic biomarkers of PVNS. Finally, we used CIBERSORT to estimate the proportions of 22 immune cell subtypes in PVNS and analyzed the correlation between diagnostic markers and infiltrating immune cells. Result. We found 139 DEGs (including 93 upregulated genes and 46 downregulated genes). TYROBP, FCER1G, LAPTM5, and HLA‐DPB1 were identified as potential diagnostic biomarkers of PVNS. Immune cell infiltration analysis indicated that neutrophils and M2 macrophages might be associated with the genesis and progression of PVNS. Furthermore, our correlation analysis of diagnostic markers and infiltrating immune cells found that TYROBP, FCER1G, LAPTM5, and HLA‐DPB1 were positively correlated with M2 macrophage infiltration and that neutrophils, TYROBP, FCER1G, and LAPTM5 were negatively correlated with plasma cell infiltration. Conclusions. We identified TYROBP, FCER1G, LAPTM5, and HLA‐DPB1 as potential diagnostic markers for PVNS and concluded that immune cell infiltration plays an important role in the genesis and progression of PVNS.