bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of Multiple Doses of Intravenous Infusion of Umbilical Cord-Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of Adult Patients with Severe COVID-19-Related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Literature Review
Authors: Hsueh Po-Ren , Ho Sung-Jung , Hsieh Po-Chuen , Liu I-Min , Jean Shio-Shin
Published: August 2023

Objectives. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a critical complication in severe COVID-19 patients. The intravenous infusion (IVF) of umbilical cord- (UC-) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), validated to substantially reduce the release of several inflammatory cytokines in vivo, was also shown to exhibit benefits in improving hypoxemia among severe COVID-19 patients. A single dose of IVF-UC-MSCs therapy for severe COVID-19 patients was shown to alleviate the initial ARDS severity, but have 50%–67% case-fatality rates. In Taiwan, few adult patients with severe COVID-19-induced ARDS receiving compassionate adjuvant treatment consisting of either a single dose (1–10 × 106 cells/kg body weight (kg BW)) or three doses (5 × 106 cells/kg BW in each dose) of IVF-UC-MSCs had good outcomes. However, the optimal dosage and rounds of IVF-UC-MSCs administration for the treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with ARDS are undetermined. Methods. We reviewed the 2020–2022 PubMed literature database concerning the clinical efficacy of IVF-UC-MSCs among severe COVID-19 patients. Results. The data of COVID-19 case series in the PubMed literature revealed a notable heterogeneity in the therapeutic dosage (a single dose: 1–10 × 106 cells/kg BW; and three doses: 50–200 × 106 cells/kg BW in each dose) and the post-ARDS days of IVF-UC-MSCs administration (a single dose: 1–12; and multiple doses: 5–14) for the treatment of severe COVID-19-associated ARDS. The survival rates among these severe COVID-19 patients ranged from 50% to 76%. However, an overall rate of 93.1% of significant improvement in hypoxemia was observed for the COVID-19 survivors receiving IVF-UC-MSCs at the initial ARDS stage. Conclusions. According to our analysis, the ideal treatment dosage of IVF-UC-MSCs for severe COVID-19-induced ARDS is likely 5 × 106 cells/kg BW for three cycles within 5 days of ARDS onset in severe COVID-19 patients.
Supplementary Table S2 from LNS8801 inhibits Acute Myeloid Leukemia by Inducing the Production of Reactive Oxygen Species and Activating the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway
Authors: Lee Inyoung , Doepner Miriam , Weissenrieder Jillian , Majer Ariana D. , Mercado Sophia , Estell Angela , Natale Christopher A. , Sung Pamela J. , Foskett J. Kevin , Carroll Martin P. , Ridky Todd W.
Published: August 2023

Supplementary Table S2
FIGURE 7 from LNS8801 inhibits Acute Myeloid Leukemia by Inducing the Production of Reactive Oxygen Species and Activating the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway
Authors: Lee Inyoung , Doepner Miriam , Weissenrieder Jillian , Majer Ariana D. , Mercado Sophia , Estell Angela , Natale Christopher A. , Sung Pamela J. , Foskett J. Kevin , Carroll Martin P. , Ridky Todd W.
Published: August 2023

LNS8801 inhibits AML in subcutaneous in vivo model but not systemic model. A, Systemic in vivo experiment using luciferase-expressing MOLM14 cells (MOLM14-Luc). Male NSG mice were used for the experiment. Mice were treated with vehicle or LNS8801 daily through oral gavage. Three animals were used per condition. B, Subcutaneous tumor volume of MOLM14 in NSG mice treated orally with vehicle or 10 mg/kg LNS8801 daily. Graph shows summary of two independent experiments. Conditions for each experiment were identical. Four mice were used per group per experiment, totaling 8 mice per condition. C, Survival curve of NSG mice with subcutaneous MOLM14 tumors. Statistical analysis for the survival curve was done via log-rank (Mantel–Cox) test and Grehan–Breslow–Wilcoxon test (****, P ≤ 0.0001).
FIGURE 4 from LNS8801 inhibits Acute Myeloid Leukemia by Inducing the Production of Reactive Oxygen Species and Activating the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway
Authors: Lee Inyoung , Doepner Miriam , Weissenrieder Jillian , Majer Ariana D. , Mercado Sophia , Estell Angela , Natale Christopher A. , Sung Pamela J. , Foskett J. Kevin , Carroll Martin P. , Ridky Todd W.
Published: August 2023

Caspase cleavage mediates LNS8801-induced death. A, Annexin V+ flow cytometry analysis of human AML cell lines treated with 250 nmol/L LNS8801 for 72 hours. Three replicates were used per condition. B, Western blot analysis of AML cells treated with 250 nmol/L LNS8801 for 24 hours. Western blot quantification was done by normalizing bands to actin bands. Annexin V+ flow cytometry analysis of U937 (C) and MOLM14 (D) cells treated with LNS8801 and specific caspase inhibitors. A total of 250 nmol/L LNS8801, 10 μmol/L QVD-OPH (QVD), 50 μmol/L (U937), and 20 μmol/L (MOLM14) for Z-IETD-FMK (IETD), and 10 μmol/L Z-LEHD-FMK (LEHD) were used. L+Q indicates LNS8801 and QVD-OPH, L+I indicates LNS8801+Z-IETD-FMK, and L+L indicates LNS8801 and Z-LEHD-FMK. Three replicates were used per condition. Statistical analysis was done via pairwise t tests for A and one-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons was used for C and D (*, P ≤ 0.05; **, P ≤ 0.01; ***, P ≤ 0.001; ****, P ≤ 0.0001).
Surgical Inflammation Alters Immune Response to Intraoperative Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Davis Richard W. , Klampatsa Astero , Cramer Gwendolyn M. , Kim Michele M. , Miller Joann M. , Yuan Min , Houser Cassandra , Snyder Emma , Putt Mary , Vinogradov Sergei A. , Albelda Steven M. , Cengel Keith A. , Busch Theresa M.
Published: August 2023

Surgical cytoreduction for patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is used for selected patients as a part of multi-modality management strategy. Our group has previously described the clinical use of photodynamic therapy (PDT), a form of non-ionizing radiation, as an intraoperative therapy option for MPM. Although necessary for the removal of bulk disease, the effects of surgery on residual MPM burden are not understood. In this bedside-to-bench study, Photofrin-based PDT introduced the possibility of achieving a long-term response in murine models of MPM tumors that were surgically debulked by 60% to 90%. Thus, the addition of PDT provided curative potential after an incomplete resection. Despite this success, we postulated that surgical induction of inflammation may mitigate the comprehensive response of residual disease to further therapy. Utilizing a previously validated tumor incision (TI) model, we demonstrated that the introduction of surgical incisions had no effect on acute cytotoxicity by PDT. However, we found that surgically induced inflammation limited the generation of antitumor immunity by PDT. Compared with PDT alone, when TI preceded PDT of mouse tumors, splenocytes and/or CD8+ T cells from the treated mice transferred less antitumor immunity to recipient animals. These results demonstrate that addition of PDT to surgical cytoreduction significantly improves long-term response compared with cytoreduction alone, but at the same time, the inflammation induced by surgery may limit the antitumor immunity generated by PDT. These data inform future potential approaches aimed at blocking surgically induced immunosuppression that might improve the outcomes of intraoperative combined modality treatment.

Significance:

Although mesothelioma is difficult to treat, we have shown that combining surgery with a form of radiation, photodynamic therapy, may help people with mesothelioma live longer. In this study, we demonstrate in mice that this regimen could be further improved by addressing the inflammation induced as a by-product of surgery.
Effect of Test History at Ages 50–64 on Later Cervical Cancer Risk: A Population-based Case–control Study
Authors: Kultalahti Henric , Heinävaara Sirpa , Sarkeala Tytti , Pankakoski Maiju
Published: August 2023

As life expectancy increases, the effectiveness of cervical cancer screening programs needs to be reassessed for the older population. We addressed the effect of test history in and outside organized screening at age 50–64 years on later cervical cancer risk. A case–control study was conducted by deriving 229 cases of 65–79 years old women with invasive cervical cancer in 2010–2019 from the Finnish Cancer Registry. Ten controls were matched for each case by birth year and hospital district. The effect of test uptake and abnormal results in 50–64 year olds on cancer risk was investigated using conditional logistic regression and adjusted for self-selection. Test uptake within the 50–64 years age group showed 75% lower odds of cervical cancer [adjusted OR (aOR) = 0.25; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.18–0.35]. Untested women had 4.9 times higher odds than those tested with normal results (aOR = 4.86; 95% CI, 3.42–6.92). Having at least one abnormal test result increased the odds by 2.5 when compared with only normal results but showed lower odds when compared with untested women. The importance of testing is exhibited by the result showing a reduction of odds of cancer to one-fourth for those tested compared with untested. Similarly, receiving abnormal results was protective of cancer compared with having no tests highlighting the importance of proper follow-up. Therefore, screening history should be considered when further developing cervical cancer screening programs with special interest in non-attenders and those receiving abnormal results at older ages.

Significance:

To our knowledge, this is the first study from Finnish data describing the effect of test history on later cervical cancer at older ages. Focusing on the cervical tests taken within the Finnish national screening program and outside it highlights the overall importance of having cervical tests and adds this study into the slowly increasing number of studies considering all cervical testing in Finland.
Cerebral Oxygenation during Neonatal Intubation with Nasal High Flow: A Sub-Study of the SHINE Randomized Trial
Authors: Van Der Veeken Ellyn , Manley Brett James , Owen Louise , Kamlin Omar , Roberts Calum , Newman Sophie , Francis Kate , Donath Susan , Davis Peter , Cuzzilla Rocco , Hodgson Kate Alison
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Nasal high flow (nHF) improves the likelihood of successful neonatal intubation on the first attempt without physiological instability. The effect of nHF on cerebral oxygenation is unknown. The aim of this study was to compare cerebral oxygenation during endotracheal intubation in neonates receiving nHF and those receiving standard care. Methods: A sub-study of a multicentre randomized trial of nHF during neonatal endotracheal intubation. A subset of infants had near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) monitoring. Eligible infants were randomly assigned to nHF or standard care during the first intubation attempt. NIRS sensors provided continuous regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO2) monitoring. The procedure was video recorded, and peripheral oxygen saturation and rScO2 data were extracted at 2-second intervals. The primary outcome was the average difference in rScO2 from baseline during the first intubation attempt. Secondary outcomes included average rScO2 and rate of change of rScO2. Results: Nineteen intubations were analyzed (11 nHF; 8 standard care). Median (interquartile range [IQR]) postmenstrual age was 27 (26.5–29) weeks, and weight was 828 (716–1,135) g. Median change in rScO2 from baseline was −1.5% (−5.3 to 0.0) in the nHF group and −9.4% (−19.6 to −4.5) in the standard care group. rScO2 fell more slowly in infants managed with nHF compared with standard care: median (IQR) rScO2 change −0.08 (−0.13 to 0.00) % per second and −0.36 (−0.66 to −0.22) % per second, respectively. Conclusions: In this small sub-study, regional cerebral oxygen saturation was more stable in neonates who received nHF during intubation compared with standard care.
Combining MRI and Spectral EEG for Assessment of Neurocognitive Outcomes in Preterm Infants
Authors: Nordvik Tone , Server Andres , Espeland Cathrine N , Schumacher Eva M , Larsson Pål G , Pripp Are H , Stiris Tom
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Predicting impairment in preterm children is challenging. Our aim is to explore the association between MRI at term-equivalent age (TEA) and neurocognitive outcomes in late childhood and to assess whether the addition of EEG improves prognostication. Methods: This prospective observational study included forty infants with gestational age 24 + 0–30 + 6. Children were monitored with multichannel EEG for 72 h after birth. Total absolute band power for the delta band on day 2 was calculated. Brain MRI was performed at TEA and scored according to the Kidokoro scoring system. At 10–12 years of age, we evaluated neurocognitive outcomes with Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children 4th edition, Vineland adaptive behavior scales 2nd edition and Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function. We performed linear regression analysis to examine the association between outcomes and MRI and EEG, respectively, and multiple regression analysis to explore the combination of MRI and EEG. Results: Forty infants were included. There was a significant association between global brain abnormality score and composite outcomes of WISC and Vineland test, but not the BRIEF test. The adjusted R2 was 0.16 and 0.08, respectively. For EEG, adjusted R2 was 0.34 and 0.15, respectively. When combining MRI and EEG data, adjusted R2 changed to 0.36 for WISC and 0.16 for the Vineland test. Conclusion: There was a small association between TEA MRI and neurocognitive outcomes in late childhood. Adding EEG to the model improved the explained variance. Combining EEG and MRI data did not have any additional benefit over EEG alone.
A Nomogram for Predicting Extubation Failure in Preterm Infants with Gestational Age Less than 29 Weeks
Authors: Chen Feifan , Chen Yanru , Wu Yumin , Zhu Xingwang , Shi Yuan
Published: August 2023

Introduction: How to avoid reintubations in prematurity remains a hard nut. This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram for predicting extubation failure in preterm infants who received different modes of noninvasive ventilation as post-extubation support. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of pre-existing data from a large multicenter RCT combined with a multicenter retrospective investigation in three tertiary referral NICUs in China. The training cohort consisted of extubated infants from the RCT and the validation cohort included neonates admitted to the three NICUs in the last 5 years. The nomogram was developed through univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses of peri-extubation clinical variables. Results: A total of 432 and 183 preterm infants (25 weeks ≤ gestational age [GA] <29 weeks) were, respectively, included in the training cohort and the validation cohort. Lower birth weight, lower Apgar 5-min score, lower postmenstrual age at extubation, lower PO2 and higher PCO2 before extubation, and continuous positive airway pressure rather than nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation or noninvasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation after extubation were associated with higher risks of extubation failure (p < 0.05), on which the nomogram was established. In both the training cohort and the validation cohort, the nomogram demonstrated good predictive accuracy (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.744 and 0.826); the Hosmer-Lemeshow test (p = 0.192 and 0.401) and the calibration curve (R2 = 0.195 and 0.307) proved a good fitness and conformity; and the decision curve analysis showed significant net benefit at the best threshold (p = 0.201). Conclusion: This nomogram could serve as a good decision-support tool when predicting extubation failure in preterm infants with GA less than 29 weeks.
Factors Influencing Consumptive Behavior of FEBI UIN KHAS Jember Students
Authors: Pratiwi Tania Yulista , Musfiroh Luluk
Published: August 2023

Consumptive behavior tends to occur in adolescence, especially among students who can be influenced by motivations for consumptive behavior, lifestyle on campus, and digital wallets that facilitate transactions. The purpose of this study is to provide knowledge whether motivation, lifestyle, and digital wallets have an influence on the consumptive behavior of FEBI KHAS UIN Jember students. Where the approach uses a quantitative approach with the type of associative research which has the nature of asking questions about the relationship between two or more variables. The population used is students who use digital wallets at FEBI UIN KHAS Jember class of 2019. The sample used uses the purposive sampling method to produce a sample of 100 respondents. The results of this study are motivation influencing consumptive behavior, lifestyle does not affect consumptive behavior, digital wallets do not have an influence on consumptive behavior, motivation can encourage consumption behavior while high lifestyle behavior and use of digital wallet applications cannot affect FEBI students at UIN KHAS Jember to live consumptively.
Analysis of MSME Strategies That Survived the Covid-19 Pandemic (Case Study of MSME in the Culinary Sector, Baturaja Timur District, Oku Regen-cy)
Authors: Rohila Rohila , Wibowo Gultom Angga
Published: August 2023

This research aimed to analyse the strategy of MSME in culinary sector, east Baturaja District Oku Regency. The data in this research were obtained by conducting interviews, observations and literature studies. The population in this research were all MSME in the culinary sector, east Baturaja District Oku Regency, which consisted of 60 MSME. This research used a descriptive qualitative analysis technique. Based on the IFAS matrix on the SWOT Analysis, the strengths and weaknesses showed a total score of 2.64. this indicates that MSME were in a such a strong internal position. Furthermore, in the EFAS matrix showed that the opportunity and threat factors have a total score 2.99. this indicated that MSME could respond the existing opportunities in extraordinary ways and avoid threats in their industrial markets.
Effect of Ultrasonic Amplitude on the Yield and Properties of Barramundi (Lates calcarifer) Skin Collagen
Authors:   Facultyof Chemical & Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysi, Razali Umi , Juraimy Ainaa ,   Facultyof Chemical & Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysi, Jusoh Yanti ,   Facultyof Chemical & Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysi, Dailin Daniel ,   Facultyof Chemical & Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysi, Ya'akob Harisun ,   Facultyof Chemical & Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysi, Zainool Noorazwani ,   Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia, Zaidel Dayang ,   Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: August 2023

Barramundi skin, a by-product of the fish processing industry, has shown potential as an alternative collagen source. However, the commonly used acid extraction method to produce collagen rendered a low yield requires a lengthy time and is not environmentally friendly. As a result, the adoption of greener technology, such as ultrasound, to improve the conventional extraction process is emerging. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different ultrasonication amplitudes on collagen recovery from barramundi skin. The resulting collagens were evaluated for their protein, hydroxyproline and moisture content, colour, molecular weight distribution, and FTIR spectra. Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was performed at 40 (UAE40), 60 (UAE60) and 80 (UAE80) % amplitude for 20 min. For comparison, acetic acid extraction was also carried out to produce acid-soluble collagen (ASC). UAE increased the yield (p<0.05) of collagen from barramundi skin, with UAE80 exhibiting a 7-fold increment compared to ASC. Increasing the ultrasonic amplitude increased the yield considerably but decreased the hydroxyproline content, indicating a reduction in collagen quality. Furthermore, the protein content and SDS-PAGE profile of the extracted collagens revealed that UAE promoted protein degradation. FTIR spectra indicated that despite slightly varying wavenumbers, no detrimental effect on the triple helical structure was seen following UAE with the presence of amides A, B, I, II, and III. Also, the α1, α2 and ß-chains were found in all samples, although the band intensity reduced as the amplitude increased. In conclusion, given the right conditions, UAE could improve the extraction yield without influencing the collagen structure.
Lipid and Blood Pressure Lowering Effects of Mikania micrantha Through En-zymatic Inhibition
Authors:   Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Ishak Amirah , Sjafie Nurul ,   Laboratory of UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Ser-dang, Selangor, Malaysia, Esa Norhaizan ,   Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Bahari Hasnah ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: August 2023

Mikania micrantha Kunth (Asteraceae) is a plant traditionally used to reduce the risk of hyperlipidemia and hypertension. There is limited information on the anti-hyperlipidemic and anti-hypertensive effects of the various M. micrantha leaves and stem extracts. This study aimed to examine the in vitro potential of different parts of M. micrantha (leaves and stem) extracts in inhibiting hyperlipidemia-related enzymes, i.e., pancreatic lipase (PL), lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGR), in addition to the hypertension-related, i.e., angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE). This study spectrophotometrically determined the inhibitory activities of hot water, cold water, 70% ethanol, and ethyl acetate M. micrantha leaves and stem extracts against the above-said enzymes using PL, LPL, HMGR, and ACE inhibition assays. The study found that the ethanol stem (ETS) extract exhibited the highest PL inhibitory activity (IC50=4.49±2.50 μg/mL), albeit the difference was insignificant (p > 0.05) compared to orlistat (IC50=0.31±0.01 μg/mL). Meanwhile, the ethanol leaves (ETL) extract yielded the highest LPL (IC50=1.42±0.48 μg/mL) and HMGR inhibitory activity (50.12±3.44%), although the greatest ACE inhibition was observed for the hot water stem (HWS) extract (97.47±1.19%). However, the result was insignificant (p > 0.05) compared to other extracts and captopril (98.42±0.93%). In brief, the extracts generally exhibited remarkable inhibitory activity against PL, LPL, HMGR, and ACE, thus conveying the M. micrantha extracts' anti-hyperlipidemic and anti-hypertensive potentials.
Next-Generation Sequencing of the Microbial Community Profile In Free-Range Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) Cecum from East Nusa Tenggara Province
Authors:   Department  of  Biology, Faculty  of  Mathematics  and  Natural  Sciences, Universitas  Katolik  Widya  Mandira Kupang85225, Indonesia, Lengur Eufrasia , Jatmiko Yoga ,   Department of  Biology,  Faculty  of  Mathematics  and  Natural  Sciences, Universitas  Brawijaya,  Malang65145, Indonesia, Arisoesilaningsih Endang ,   Department of  Biology,  Faculty  of  Mathematics  and  Natural  Sciences, Universitas  Brawijaya,  Malang65145, Indonesia, Widodo Eko ,   Department of Nutrition Animal and Feed, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang65145, Indonesia
Published: August 2023

Free-range chicken is livestock reared to support the humans' need for protein alongside its ritualistic use in traditional medicine to treat diseases. This study investigates the diversity of bacterial communities in the free-range chicken cecum reared in different East Nusa Tenggara Province localities comprising Sambi 1, Sambi 2 villages, Labuan Bajo, and Kupang City. The extracted chromosomal DNA was subjected to next-generation sequencing using the V3-V4 region primers. Results revealed that the Kupang chicken cecum had the highest total tags, while the Sambi 2 village recorded the lowest. Similarly, Sambi 2 chicken cecum exhibited the highest unique tags (6662) and OTUs number (1261), while the Kupang samples gave the lowest at 2550 and 745, respectively. The Shannon diversity index for bacterial diversity demonstrated that cecum samples from Labuan Bajo (5.679) were more diverse than Sambi 1 (5.378), Sambi 2 (5.653), and Kupang samples (3.77). The bacteria with the highest dominance index (0.935) was found in Sambi 2, while the lowest was observed in the Kupang samples (0.082). The three bacterial phyla showing the highest relative abundance were those from Sambi 1, Sambi 2, and Labuan Bajo cecum samples, comprising Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Actinobacteriota.Conversely, the Kupang samples showed an abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Campilobacterota, compared to the Lactobacillus-dominated Kupang, Sambi 1, and Sambi 2 chicken cecum samples. The highest relative abundance for Bifidobacterium occurred in Sambi 1 and Sambi 2 chicken cecum samples, the Kupang samples were Campylobacter dominated, and Olsenella was abundant in the Labuan Bajo samples. Intriguingly, the bacterial composition in the tested chicken cecum samples largely comprised beneficial bacteria such as the lactic acid bacteria group. This bacterial group can be further characterized for obtaining probiotic cultures that could improve the health of free-range chickens.
New distribution record of the Greater False Vampire Bat (Megaderma lyra, Geoffroy 1810) from North-Western Himalaya
Authors:   Department of Zoology, S.R.T. Campus, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Uttarakhand 246174, India, singh Devandra , Sharma Dinesh ,   Department of Zoology, S.R.T. Campus, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Uttarakhand 246174, India
Published: August 2023

India has been stated to have 10% of the world's total bat's diversity. The present survey was aimed to study the bat species diversity, distribution and activity patterns in north-western Himalayan region of India. Field surveys were conducted and echolocation calls were recorded using bat detector, Echometer touch 2 in Shiwalik ranges of Himalaya. The Greater False Vampire Bat (Megaderma lyra) has a broad distribution range that stretches from south to south east Asia. In India the distribution of the species was mostly recorded from southern subtropical coastal regions and north-eastern subtropical moist evergreen forests. In the present study The Greater False Vampire Bat (Megaderma lyra) has been recorded for the first time from Garhwal region of north-western Himalayas. Greater False Vampire Bat (Megaderma lyra) having long forearm (>6.63 ± 0.03cm) and lengthy ear (>3.66 ± 0.08cm), which is a distinguishable feature of the family Megadermatidae. The peak frequency (FMaxE) of echolocation was recorded as 50.295 ± 9.18 kHz. This frequency was initiated at 108.20 ± 2.51 kHz and terminated at 30.76 ± 1.37 kHz. The call structure recorded was very distinguishable and specific to this family.
La sémiotique plastique de Floch et la sémiotique visuelle contemporaine : entre filiation et dépassement
Authors: Colas-Blaise Marion
Published: August 2023

Cet article focalise l’attention sur la sémiotique plastique et, plus particulièrement, sur la schématisation semi-symbolique, c’est-à-dire sur la corrélation entre des catégories du plan de l’expression et du plan du contenu, pour en montrer tout l’intérêt et inviter à son dépassement. Mettant les hypothèses à l’épreuve de tableaux de Georges Laurent, nous visons à établir des filiations à partir des travaux des pionniers de la sémiotique visuelle, surtout de Floch, de Greimas et de Thürlemann, afin de souligner le fait que certains développements de la sémiotique visuelle contemporaine (focalisation sur la matérialité du tableau, sur sa texture et sur son support, analyse tensive de la catégorie, approche dynamiciste des processus sémiosiques et pensée de la variation) s’autorisent directement des avancées considérables réalisées dans les années soixante-dix à quatre-vingt-dix, mais aussi réexaminent les bases qui ont été jetées.
Tonian Continental Arc Magmatism of the Porongos Complex, Dom Feliciano Belt, Southern Brazil
Authors: Rodrigues Rodrigo Antonio de Freitas , Pertille Juliana , Gervasoni Fernanda , Arab Paola Bruno , Petry Thales Sebben , Martins Marina Luiza Jordão , Mesquita Áquila Ferreira , Laux Jorge Henrique , Martins Breno Souza , Nascimento Lívia Brochi
Published: August 2023

This study provides new information on the deformation, metamorphism, and tectonic setting of the metavolcanic rocks of the southern portion of the Porongos Complex, southern Brazil. The structural analysis enabled the identification of three deformational phases, formed under ductile to semi-ductile conditions. D1 progressed through deformation partitioning, comprising closed to isoclinal folds and an axial plane foliation. Then, simple shear prevailed, resulting in isoclinal folds, sigma-type porphyroclasts, foliation transposition, and mylonitic rocks. D2 comprises open to gentle folds and an axial plane cleavage. The formation of shear bands is ascribed to the semi-ductile D3. The mineral assemblage represented by phengite + chlorite + clinozoisite-epidote + actinolite + albite + quartz associated with the temperatures obtained through the chlorite geothermometer (316°C) indicates greenschist facies conditions. The protoliths of these metavolcanic rocks are geochemically discriminated as calc-alkaline, dacite-to-rhyodacite, with peraluminous compositions. The bulk trace element compositions show enrichment in large-ion lithophile elements and light rare-earth elements and depletion in heavy rare-earth elements. Also, negative Nb, P, Ti, and Ta anomalies are observed in the multielement diagram. All these geochemical features are typical of rocks formed in continental magmatic arcs. Geochemical comparison with other pre-collisional Tonian orthometamorphic rocks from the Dom Feliciano Belt demonstrates strong similarities, which corroborates the prior interpretation of a continental arc setting for the origin of these Tonian rocks.
Komunikacija s gluhim i gluhoslijepim pacijentima u provođenju dijagnostičko-terapijskog postupka
Authors: Rajič Andrijana , Mijatović Jelena
Published: August 2023

Kvalitetna zdravstvena zaštita, informiranost i edukacija o zdravlju i kvaliteti života dio su ostvarenja osnovnih ljudskih potreba i prava, a temelje se na adekvatnoj komunikaciji.Od najranije dobi, kad se oslanjamo na vlastiti govor i kad se očekuje samostalnost u obavljanju osnovnih aktivnosti, usvajamo obrazac pri rješavanju aktualnih zdravstvenih i drugih poteškoća. Postavljanje točne dijagnoze i put do rješavanja zdravstvenog problema otežani su ako zdravstveni djelatnik od pacijenta ne dobiva potrebne informacije. Ovaj problem umanjuje i povjerenje u odnosu pacijent – zdravstveni djelatnik, te dovodi u pitanje bioetičku perspektivu u zdravstvenoj profesiji.S problematikom komunikacijske barijere pri ostvarivanju zdravstvene zaštite u Hrvatskoj susreću se i gluhe te gluhoslijepe osobe. Jezik je plod kulture, stoga je i kultura gluhih i gluhoslijepih iznjedrila vlastiti – znakovni jezik. Neadekvatna edukacija zdravstvenog osoblja o hrvatskom znakovnom jeziku kao materinjem jeziku gluhih i gluhoslijepih u Republici Hrvatskoj te o drugim primjerenim načinima komunikacije s osobama oštećenog audio-vizualnog sustava doprinosi površnoj zdravstvenoj obradi, socijalnoj izolaciji ove skupine korisnika hrvatskog zdravstvenog sustava te narušavanju autonomije i društvenog prihvaćanja gluhih i gluhoslijepih osoba.Iako prema zakonskoj regulativi (Zakon o zdravstvenoj zaštiti, Zakon o zaštiti prava pacijenata, Konvencija Ujedinjenih naroda o pravima osoba s invaliditetom) gluhi i gluhoslijepi imaju pravo na jednaku kvalitetu zdravstvene skrbi kao i čujuće osobe, praksa pokazuje drugačiju stvarnost. Gluhe i gluhoslijepe osobe nerijetko ostaju oni o kojima nitko ne brine – jer ne zna kako.Ono što čujućoj osobi izgleda kao napredak i olakšanje u tehničkom dijelu bolničkog sustava – obavijesti, edukativni materijali, infrastruktura, osvjetljenje, komunikacijski kanali (internet, telefon…), gluhoj i gluhoslijepoj osobi može biti problem i uteg.Ipak, uz malo dobre volje, truda i zalaganja i ova barijera može biti uklonjena, a kvaliteta života jedne društvene skupine uvelike unaprijeđena.
Važnost recenziranja u podizanju kvalitete znanosti u sestrinstvu
Authors: Bušac Vesna , Šimunić Nevena , Vukša Andrea , Žepina Puzić Ana
Published: August 2023

U današnje vrijeme, pravovremeno objavljivanje najboljih radova i rezultata istraživanja s preporukama u rješavanju najaktualnijih problema najkorišteniji je način širenja rezultata sa svrhom integracije dokaza u zdravstveni sustav. Znanstveno je komuniciranje iznimno važno u razvoju znanosti i protoku informacija o novim spoznajama do kojih znanstvenik dolazi tijekom svojeg akademskog djelovanja. Posljedično, recenziranje se smatra modelom najučinkovitije znanstvene komunikacije koju biomedicinski časopisi upotrebljavaju pri odluci o objavljivanju članaka. Sustavna akumulacija najboljeg novog znanja generiranog iz znanstvenog okruženja i preusmjerenog u kliničku praksu medicinskih sestara temelj je poboljšanja zdravstvene skrbi usmjerene na pojedinca, obitelj i zajednicu. Recenzija je poput zagovornice sestrinske znanosti u generiranju inovativnih doprinosa profesionalnoj zajednici. Objavljena recenzirana informacija ima mogućnost postati osnovom standardiziranog djelovanja i kontinuiranog razvoja u sestrinstvu. Kvalitetan osvrt pomaže autoru u znanstvenom razvoju, ali i recenzentu u prikupljanju najnovijih spoznaja još neobjavljenih podataka iz njihova područja interesa. Razvidna je globalna potreba mentoriranja i edukacije mladih istraživača i recenzenata putem formalnih oblika obrazovanja kako bi doprinijeli unapređenju sestrinske znanosti, rasterećenju postojećih eksperata kolegijalnog opažanja te ubrzali protok znanstvene informacije.
Risks of Ventricular Arrhythmia and Heart Failure in Carriers of
RBM20
Variants
Authors: Cannie Douglas E. , Protonotarios Alexandros , Bakalakos Athanasios , Syrris Petros , Lorenzini Massimiliano , De Stavola Bianca , Bjerregaard Louise , Dybro Anne M. , Hey Thomas M. , Hansen Frederikke G. , Navarro Peñalver Marina , Crespo-Leiro Maria G. , Larrañaga-Moreira Jose M. , de Frutos Fernando , Johnson Renee , Slater Thomas A. , Monserrat Lorenzo , Sengupta Anshuman , Mestroni Luisa , Taylor Matthew R.G. , Sinagra Gianfranco , Bilinska Zofia , Solla-Ruiz Itziar , Arana Achaga Xabier , Barriales-Villa Roberto , Garcia-Pavia Pablo , Gimeno Juan R. , Dal Ferro Matteo , Merlo Marco , Wahbi Karim , Fatkin Diane , Mogensen Jens , Rasmussen Torsten B. , Elliott Perry M.
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

Variants in
RBM20
are reported in 2% to 6% of familial cases of dilated cardiomyopathy and may be associated with fatal ventricular arrhythmia and rapid heart failure progression. We sought to determine the risk of adverse events in
RBM20
variant carriers and the impact of sex on outcomes.

METHODS:

Consecutive probands and relatives carrying
RBM20
variants were retrospectively recruited from 12 cardiomyopathy units. The primary end point was a composite of malignant ventricular arrhythmia (MVA) and end-stage heart failure (ESHF). MVA and ESHF end points were also analyzed separately and men and women compared. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) contemporary to MVA was examined.
RBM20
variant carriers with left ventricular systolic dysfunction (
RBM20
LVSD
) were compared with variant-elusive patients with idiopathic left ventricular systolic dysfunction.

RESULTS:

Longitudinal follow-up data were available for 143
RBM20
variant carriers (71 men; median age, 35.5 years); 7 of 143 had an MVA event at baseline. Thirty of 136 without baseline MVA (22.0%) reached the primary end point, and 16 of 136 (11.8%) had new MVA with no significant difference between men and women (log-rank
P
=0.07 and
P
=0.98, respectively). Twenty of 143 (14.0%) developed ESHF (17 men and 3 women; log-rank
P
<0.001). Four of 10 variant carriers with available LVEF contemporary to MVA had an LVEF >35%. At 5 years, 15 of 67 (22.4%)
RBM20
LVSD
versus 7 of 197 (3.6%) patients with idiopathic left ventricular systolic dysfunction had reached the primary end point (log-rank
P
<0.001).
RBM20
variant carriage conferred a 6.0-fold increase in risk of the primary end point.

CONCLUSIONS:

RBM20
variants are associated with a high risk of MVA and ESHF compared with idiopathic left ventricular systolic dysfunction. The risk of MVA in male and female
RBM20
variant carriers is similar, but male sex is strongly associated with ESHF.
Aldosterone Antagonism Is More Effective at Reducing Blood Pressure and Excessive Renal ENaC Activity in AngII-Infused Female Rats Than in Males
Authors: Buncha Vadym , Cherezova Alena , Alexander Sati , Baranovskaya Irina , Coleman Kathleen A. , Cherian-Shaw Mary , Brands Michael W. , Sullivan Jennifer C. , O’Connor Paul M. , Mamenko Mykola
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

AngII (angiotensin II)-dependent hypertension causes comparable elevations of blood pressure (BP), aldosterone levels, and renal ENaC (epithelial Na
+
channel) activity in male and female rodents. Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonism has a limited antihypertensive effect associated with insufficient suppression of renal ENaC in male rodents with AngII-hypertension. While MR blockade effectively reduces BP in female mice with salt-sensitive and leptin-induced hypertension, MR antagonism has not been studied in female rodents with AngII-hypertension. We hypothesize that overstimulation of renal MR signaling drives redundant ENaC-mediated Na
+
reabsorption and BP increase in female rats with AngII-hypertension.

METHODS:

We employ a combination of physiological, pharmacological, biochemical, and biophysical approaches to compare the effect of MR inhibitors on BP and ENaC activity in AngII-infused male and female Sprague Dawley rats.

RESULTS:

MR blockade markedly attenuates AngII-hypertension in female rats but has only a marginal effect in males. Spironolactone increases urinary sodium excretion and urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio in AngII-infused female, but not male, rats. The expression of renal MR and HSD11β2 (11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2) that determines the availability of MR to aldosterone is significantly higher in AngII-infused female rats than in males. ENaC activity is ≈2× lower in spironolactone-treated AngII-infused female rats than in males. Reduced ENaC activity in AngII-infused female rats on spironolactone correlates with increased interaction with ubiquitin ligase Nedd4-2 (neural precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated protein 4-2), targeting ENaC for degradation.

CONCLUSIONS:

MR-ENaC axis is the primary determinant of excessive renal sodium reabsorption and an attractive antihypertensive target in female rats with AngII-hypertension, but not in males.
Type 1 Diabetes Impairs Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation Via Increasing Endothelial Cell Glycolysis Through Advanced Glycation End Products, PFKFB3, and Nox1-Mediated Mechanisms
Authors: Atawia Reem T. , Batori Robert K. , Jordan Coleton R. , Kennard Simone , Antonova Galina , Bruder-Nascimento Thiago , Mehta Vinay , Saeed Muhammad I. , Patel Vijay S. , Fukai Tohru , Ushio-Fukai Masuko , Huo Yuqing , Fulton David J.R. , Belin de Chantemèle Eric J.
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a major cause of endothelial dysfunction. Although cellular bioenergetics has been identified as a new regulator of vascular function, whether glycolysis, the primary bioenergetic pathway in endothelial cells (EC), regulates vascular tone and contributes to impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) in T1D remains unknown.

METHODS:

Experiments were conducted in Akita mice with intact or selective deficiency in EC PFKFB3 (6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3), the main regulator of glycolysis. Seahorse analyzer and myography were employed to measure glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration, and EDR, respectively, in aortic explants. EC PFKFB3 (Ad-PFKFB3) and glycolysis (Ad-GlycoHi) were increased in situ via adenoviral transduction.

RESULTS:

T1D increased EC glycolysis and elevated EC expression of PFKFB3 and NADPH oxidase Nox1 (NADPH oxidase homolog 1). Functionally, pharmacological and genetic inhibition of PFKFB3 restored EDR in T1D, while in situ aorta EC transduction with Ad-PFKFB3 or Ad-GlycoHi reproduced the impaired EDR associated with T1D. Nox1 inhibition restored EDR in aortic rings from Akita mice, as well as in Ad-PFKFB3-transduced aorta EC and lactate-treated wild-type aortas. T1D increased the expression of the advanced glycation end product precursor methylglyoxal in the aortas. Exposure of the aortas to methylglyoxal impaired EDR, which was prevented by PFKFB3 inhibition. T1D and exposure to methylglyoxal increased EC expression of HIF1α (hypoxia-inducible factor 1α), whose inhibition blunted methylglyoxal-mediated EC PFKFB3 upregulation.

CONCLUSIONS:

EC bioenergetics, namely glycolysis, is a new regulator of vasomotion and excess glycolysis, a novel mechanism of endothelial dysfunction in T1D. We introduce excess methylglyoxal, HIF1α, and PFKFB3 as major effectors in T1D-mediated increased EC glycolysis.
Cellular Senescence Contributes to Large Elastic Artery Stiffening and Endothelial Dysfunction With Aging: Amelioration With Senolytic Treatment
Authors: Clayton Zachary S. , Rossman Matthew J. , Mahoney Sophia A. , Venkatasubramanian Ravinandan , Maurer Grace S. , Hutton David A. , VanDongen Nicholas S. , Greenberg Nathan T. , Longtine Abigail G. , Ludwig Katelyn R. , Brunt Vienna E. , LaRocca Thomas J. , Campisi Judith , Melov Simon , Seals Douglas R.
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

Here, we assessed the role of cellular senescence and the senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in age-related aortic stiffening and endothelial dysfunction.

METHODS:

We studied young (6-8 mo) and old (27-29 mo) p16-3MR mice, which allows for genetic-based clearance of senescent cells with ganciclovir (GCV). We also treated old C57BL/6N mice with the senolytic ABT-263.

RESULTS:

In old mice, GCV reduced aortic stiffness assessed by aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV; 477±10 vs. 382±7 cm/s,
P
<0.05) to young levels (old-GCV vs. young-vehicle,
P
=0.35); ABT-263 also reduced aortic PWV in old mice (446±9 to 356±11 cm/s,
P
<0.05). Aortic adventitial collagen was reduced by GCV (
P
<0.05) and ABT-263 (
P
=0.12) in old mice. To show an effect of the circulating SASP, we demonstrated that plasma exposure from Old-vehicle p16-3MR mice, but not from Old-GCV mice, induced aortic stiffening assessed
ex vivo
(elastic modulus;
P
<0.05). Plasma proteomics implicated glycolysis in circulating SASP-mediated aortic stiffening. In old p16-3MR mice, GCV increased endothelial function assessed via peak carotid artery endothelium-dependent dilation (EDD; Old-GCV, 94±1% vs. Old-vehicle, 84±2%,
P
<0.05) to young levels (Old-GCV vs. young-vehicle,
P
=0.98), and EDD was higher in old C57BL/6N mice treated with ABT-263 vs. vehicle (96±1% vs. 82±3%,
P
<0.05). Improvements in endothelial function were mediated by increased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability (
P
<0.05) and reduced oxidative stress (
P
<0.05). Circulating SASP factors related to NO signaling were associated with greater NO-mediated EDD following senescent cell clearance.

CONCLUSIONS:

Cellular senescence and the SASP contribute to vascular aging and senolytics hold promise for improving age-related vascular function.
The impact of head orientation with respect to B0 on diffusion tensor MRI measures
Authors: Kleban Elena , Jones Derek K. , Tax Chantal M.W.
Published: August 2023

Diffusion tensor MRI (DT-MRI) remains the most commonly used approach to characterise white matter (WM) anisotropy. However, DT estimates may be affected by tissue orientation w.r.t. B→0 due to local gradients and intrinsic T2 orientation dependence induced by the microstructure. This work aimed to investigate whether and how diffusion tensor MRI-derived measures depend on the orientation of the head with respect to the static magnetic field, B→0. By simulating WM as two compartments, we demonstrated that compartmental T2 anisotropy can induce the dependence of diffusion tensor measures on the angle between WM fibres and the magnetic field. In in vivo experiments, reduced radial diffusivity and increased axial diffusivity were observed in white matter fibres perpendicular to B→0 compared to those parallel to B→0. Fractional anisotropy varied by up to 20% as a function of the angle between WM fibres and the orientation of the main magnetic field. To conclude, fibre orientation w.r.t. B→0 is responsible for up to 7% variance in diffusion tensor measures across the whole brain white matter from all subjects and head orientations. Fibre orientation w.r.t. B→0 may introduce additional variance in clinical research studies using diffusion tensor imaging, particularly when it is difficult to control for (e.g., fetal or neonatal imaging, or when the trajectories of fibres change due to, e.g., space occupying lesions).
The Featural Life of Nominals
Authors: Sichel Ivy , Toosarvandani Maziar
Published: August 2023

We introduce a novel locality violation and its repair in Southeastern Sierra Zapotec: an object pronoun cannot cliticize when the subject is a lexical DP. We develop an account in which pronouns and lexical DPs interact with the same probe because they share featural content. In particular, we suggest that the Person domain extends to include nonpronominal DPs, so that all nominals are specified for a feature we call [δ] (to resonate with DP), while all and only personal pronouns are specified for [π]. This account aims to unify the locality violation with the Weak Person-Case Constraint (PCC), as well as parallel constraints based on animacy, and requires a departure from Chomsky’s (2000, 2001) classical system of featural covariation (Agree). A functional head must be able to overprobe—that is, interact with more than one goal, even if its requirements appear to be met. We introduce a probe activation model for Agree in which, after applying once, the operation can apply again, subject to certain restrictions. We compare probe activation with two other systems recently proposed to account for overprobing: Deal’s (2015, 2022) “insatiable probes” and Coon and Keine’s (2021) “feature gluttony.” Neither can account for the locality pattern in Zapotec.
2. Relational Realism as an Alternative General Sociological
Approach
Authors: Adi Basem
Published: August 2023

This volume argues that relational realism can help us to make better educational policy that is more effective in practice. Basem Adi draws on critical realism to thoroughly re-examine fundamental assumptions about how government policymaking works, developing an ontological basis from which to examine existing government approaches and imagine an alternative approach based on a relational realist-informed critical pedagogy.
3. The Morphogenetic Paradigm: Conceptualising the Human
in the Social
Authors: Adi Basem
Published: August 2023

This volume argues that relational realism can help us to make better educational policy that is more effective in practice. Basem Adi draws on critical realism to thoroughly re-examine fundamental assumptions about how government policymaking works, developing an ontological basis from which to examine existing government approaches and imagine an alternative approach based on a relational realist-informed critical pedagogy.