bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internal corporate governance and cash flow manipulation
Authors: Nagar Neerav , Raithatha Mehul
Published: October 2022

Purpose

The authors examine whether internal corporate governance mechanisms are effective in curbing cash flow manipulation through real activities, misclassification, and timing.

Design/methodology/approach

The sample comprises of firms from an emerging market, India with data for years 2004 through 2015. The authors use the methodology given in Roychowdhury (2006).

Findings

The authors find that corporate boards in India play an active role in curbing cash flow manipulation through real activities but fail to control cash flow manipulation through misclassification and timing.

Practical implications

The study suggests that corporate boards should pay more attention to the reported cash flow numbers. Regulators can reduce the opportunities available for cash flow misclassification by fixing relevant accounting and governance norms. Auditors can also help by critically focusing on the cash flow classifications presented by management.

Originality/value

This study, to the authors’ knowledge, is the first study that talks about the role of internal governance in a trade-off between different cash flow manipulation techniques.
Why do the educated poor pay less price per calorie? Evidence from household-level calorie consumption data
Authors: Rathu Manannalage Kalyani Mangalika Lakmini , Ratnasiri Shyama , Chai Andreas
Published: October 2022

Purpose

While the monetary returns to education are well documented in the economics literature, the studies on non-monetary returns to education are scarce. The purpose of this study is to provide new insights into the non-market outcomes by exploring how education influences the food consumption choices of households and how these effects vary across different socio-economic groups using household-level calorie consumption data from Sri Lanka.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses two waves of Household Income and Expenditure Surveys – 2006/2007 and 2016. The methods adopted in analysing the data were descriptive statistics and the OLS regression model.

Findings

The empirical results show that educated poor households pay less per calorie compared to non-educated poor households, highlighting the role of education in improving the ability to make better food choices and manage household budgets more economically.

Practical implications

This study informs policy-makers of the importance of education for formulating food and nutritional policies, which aim to raise the standard of living of resource-poor and vulnerable households in Sri Lanka as well as other developing countries with similar socio-economic conditions.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is the first to explore the impact of education on the calorie consumption behaviour of people in the Sri Lankan context using nationwide household surveys.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-01-2022-0007
Clinicians' psychological empowerment to engage in management as part of their daily work
Authors: Andersson Thomas , Eriksson Nomie , Müllern Tomas
Published: October 2022

Purpose

The purpose of the article is to analyze how physicians and nurses, as the two major health care professions, experience psychological empowerment for managerial work.

Design/methodology/approach

The study was designed as a qualitative interview study at four primary care centers (PCCs) in Sweden. In total, 47 interviews were conducted, mainly with physicians and nurses. The first inductive analysis led us to the concept of psychological empowerment, which was used in the next deductive step of the analysis.

Findings

The study showed that both professions experienced self-determination for managerial work, but that nurses were more dependent on structural empowerment. Nurses experienced that they had competence for managerial work, whereas physicians were more ignorant of such competence. Nurses used managerial work to create impact on the conditions for their clinical work, whereas physicians experienced impact independently. Both nurses and physicians experienced managerial work as meaningful, but less meaningful than nurses and physicians' clinical work.

Practical implications

For an effective health care system, structural changes in terms of positions, roles, and responsibilities can be an important route for especially nurses' psychological empowerment.

Originality/value

The qualitative method provided a complementary understanding of psychological empowerment on how psychological empowerment interacted with other factors. One such aspect was nurses' higher dependence on structural empowerment, but the most important aspect was that both physicians and nurses experienced that managerial work was less meaningful than clinical work. This implies that psychological empowerment for managerial work may only make a difference if psychological empowerment does not compete with physicians' and nurses' clinical work.
Modelling the determinants of electronic tax filing services’ continuance usage intention
Authors: Ramdhony Dinesh , Liébana‐Cabanillas Francisco , Gunesh‐Ramlugun Vidisha Devi , Mowlabocus Fariha
Published: October 2022

The success of electronic filing services largely depends on their continuance usage. This study examines the factors affecting the continuance usage intention of the online tax filing services in Mauritius. An integrated model comprising Trust Theory and Information System Success Model (ISSM) is applied to assess the continuance usage behaviour of e‐filing systems. The model has been extended by adding two additional variables: Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Risk. The model was tested using a sample of 315 users of e‐filing services in Mauritius. A structural equation modelling technique using partial least square structural equation modelling verified the hypotheses. The results reveal that the continuance usage intention of an electronic tax filing system is influenced by Perceived Usefulness, User Satisfaction, and Service Quality. However, Perceived Risk does not influence the continuance usage intention of e‐filing systems since the importance of Perceived Risk diminishes as trust in the e‐service provider increases. The theoretical and practical implications derived from the findings of this study are also discussed. This paper makes several contributions to the literature on electronic tax filing systems.
Characterization of extrachromosomal circular DNA in cattle using 676 whole genome sequencing datasets
Authors: Li Fan , Yang Lv , Han Jiazheng , Han Xiaotao , Peng Lingwei , Du Yuqin , Xia Han , Yang Liguo , Zhou Yang
Published: October 2022

Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) is an important fraction of the genome. Recent studies proved that eccDNA plays important roles in genetic variation, aging and environmental adaptation, which have drawn wide attention. However, the characteristics of eccDNA in cattle remain unclear. Here, we studied eccDNAs from 676 cattle of 58 breeds using whole genome sequencing datasets. In total, 47 355 high‐confidence eccDNAs were identified and covered 4.6% of the cattle autosomes in length. Similarly to other species, the cattle eccDNA preferentially located in the genic and repeat sequences. Cattle eccDNAs contained complete sequences of 661 genes, which were significantly (p < 0.05) enriched in immunity‐related functions. The eccDNA was further proved to have inverted repeats on the boundaries, which contained a high proportion of A/T and ranged from 4 to 17 bp. Interestingly, we successfully separated animals according to their geographical distributions and their tissues where DNA was isolated. This implied possible roles for eccDNA in cattle selection and tissue development. Our study supplies basic knowledges on eccDNAs in cattle, which will promote understanding of extrachromosomal DNA.
Getting square pegs out through round holes: A survey of Australian and New Zealand Gynaecologists regarding specimen retrieval
Authors: Bryant‐Smith Alison , Lowe Jessica , Lam Alan
Published: October 2022

Aims

To evaluate morcellation practices among Fellows of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RANZCOG).

Materials and methods

RANZCOG Fellows were invited to complete an online survey. This anonymous, cross‐sectional survey consisted of 29 questions regarding demographics and morcellation practices.

Results

Four hundred and thirty eight (19.04%) of 2300 RANZCOG Fellows responded, and of these 258 (11.22%) completed the entire survey; analysis was undertaken on data from the latter respondents. Respondents were broadly representative of all RANZCOG Fellows regarding gender, age, and location. Of the respondents, 53.10% considered themselves advanced laparoscopic surgeons. Of respondents who had worked as gynaecology consultants prior to 2014, 39.39% used uncontained power morcellation prior to 2014, compared to 17.58% since (a decrease of 44.63%). The most common reasons for utilising uncontained power morcellation less often were the 2014 Food and Drug Administration warnings (40.31%), risk of adverse outcomes (33.72%), and recommendations from colleges such as RANZCOG (27.13%). When undertaking an operation that required specimen extraction, the most common methods used were: employing an open approach from the get‐go (utilised by respondents in 31.01% of such cases); contained manual morcellation (28.90%); and conversion to intra‐operative laparotomy (10.10%).

Conclusions

There has been a strong trend away from uncontained power morcellation since 2014, with a 36.00% increase in clinicians who never use uncontained power morcellation, and an 80.65% decrease in clinicians who always use this method of specimen extraction. The most common reason cited for employing uncontained power morcellation less often was the 2014 Food and Drug Administration’s warnings.
YArnhem: Co‐designing a model of social and emotional wellbeing stepped care for young people of the north east Arnhem region: A development study protocol
Authors: Black Oliver , Wright Cassandra J. C. , Clifford Sarah , Erwin Michelle , Canuto Kootsy , Wakerman John , Rossingh Bronwyn , Morgan John , Smith James
Published: October 2022

Introduction

More Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander young people experience high or very high levels of psychological distress compared to their non‐Indigenous counterparts. This may be partly attributed to systemic barriers resulting in lower rates of help‐seeking, sub‐optimal identification of psychological challenges, and undertreatment. Reducing these barriers within health systems is an important factor in reducing the Social and Emotional Wellbeing (SEWB) health burden on young Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.

Objectives

In partnership with Miwatj Health Aboriginal Corporation (Miwatj), this project will co‐design an integrated youth Social and Emotional Wellbeing (SEWB) and mental health stepped care model for remote Aboriginal communities in the north east Arnhem region of the Northern Territory.

Design

A collaborative research approach using co‐design methods will underpin a community‐centric stepped care allocation method, to which culturally appropriate SEWB and mental health interventions and treatments are assigned. These components of the project will inform a digital platform which will facilitate access to SEWB care for young people in north east Arnhem land. This concept was co‐developed in a partnership between researchers and Miwatj and builds on Miwatj's previous work to map the stepped needs of young people. The co‐design of the content and features of these outputs will be facilitated through community participation and overseen by community, health, and cultural governance structures. This will ensure the solutions developed by the project are culturally responsive, fit for purpose, and will enhance self‐determination while reducing systemic barriers to care.
Feminist academic organizations: Challenging sexism through collective mobilizing across research, support, and advocacy
Authors: Gurrieri Lauren , Prothero Andrea , Bettany Shona , Dobscha Susan , Drenten Jenna , Ferguson Shelagh , Finkelstein Stacey , McVey Laura , Ourahmoune Nacima , Steinfield Laurel , Tuncay Zayer Linda
Published: October 2022

This paper examines the establishment of a feminist academic organization, GENMAC (Gender, Markets, and Consumers; genmac.co), serving gender scholars in business schools and related fields. In so doing, it builds on the emerging literature of feminist academic organizations, as situated within feminist organizational studies (FOS). Through a feminist case study and by assessing the reflections of GENMAC's board members, we tell the story of the emergence of GENMAC and detail the tensions the organization encountered as it formally established itself as a feminist organization within the confines of a business school setting, a patriarchal system, and a neoliberal university paradigm. We build on the FOS literature by considering how our organization counters cultures of heightened individualism and builds collective action to challenge sexism through the nexus of research, support, and advocacy pillars of our organization. We demonstrate how, through these actions, our organization challenges hierarchies of knowledge, prioritizes the care and support needed for the day‐to‐day survival of gender scholars in business schools, and spotlights and challenges structural inequalities and injustices in the academy.
Canopy sampling reveals hidden potential value of woodland trees for wild bee assemblages
Authors: Allen Guthrie , Davies Richard G.
Published: October 2022

Woodlands can play an important role in supporting bee abundance and diversity in agricultural landscapes. However, in temperate‐region studies, the canopy is rarely sampled, and our understanding of its contribution is limited.

To explore this, we sampled bees in late spring with blue vane traps in the understory (n = 30) and crowns of mature Quercus robur (n = 35) at the exposed southern edges and in the interiors (ca. 25–75 m from woodland edges) of 15 woodland sites across an English agricultural landscape.

A significant proportion of bee abundance and diversity was found in the canopy: canopy‐trap catches were estimated to be a third as large as understory‐trap catches, and 23 of the 29 sampled species were present in the canopy. Of the seven most common species sampled, four were equally abundant in woodland edge and interior traps; three were more abundant in understory traps, and a single species—Bombus lapidarius—was more abundant in canopy traps. The sex ratio of the most abundant species, B. pratorum, was female‐skewed in the canopy. Additionally, the presence of nearby Acer pseudoplatanus trees in flower greatly increased canopy‐trap catches in woodland interiors.

These results suggest that both the woodland canopy and understory have a significant role to play in supporting farmland bee communities; they indicate the importance of nectar‐producing trees in woodland interiors, opening avenues for canopy‐based management; and they demonstrate that a diverse bee community has the potential to exploit canopy floral resources.
Factors contributing to the quality of life among Thai patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer with a stoma: An integrative review
Authors: Sritan Sarawut
Published: October 2022

Aim

To appraise and synthesize research investigating the factors contributing to the quality of life (QOL) among Thai patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) with a stoma.

Design

An integrative review.

Data Sources

The scientific databases CINAHL, Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar and ThaiJO were queried for English or Thai research articles published between 2011 and 2021.

Review Methods

Included studies were searched utilizing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines. The eligible studies were critically appraised by evaluating the study level and quality using the John Hopkins Research Evidence Appraisal Tool. Whittemore and Knafl's five‐stage framework was used to guide this integrative review. Primary data from each suitable study were abstracted, coded and categorized into sub‐themes. Finally, themes were identified based on the review question and objective.

Results

Eight articles met the inclusion criteria. Twelve sub‐themes and five significant themes were identified: Sociodemographic and clinical, physiological, psychological, social and spiritual aspects.

Conclusion

Factors contributing to QOL among Thai CRC ostomates can be categorized into five domains. The sociodemographic and clinical, physiological and psychological aspects are similar to those in other countries. In the meanwhile, the social and spiritual domains differ from those in other countries, particularly in extended family support and Buddhist belief.

Impact

By providing the QOL contributing factors, nurses can investigate the significant QOL predictors and create the appropriate interventions for promoting QOL, specifically among Thai CRC adults with a stoma. Likewise, it will be helpful to integrate this result into the nursing curriculum in Thailand and other similar countries to teach nursing students who could give direct holistic care to CRC adults with a stoma. In addition, it will serve as the basis for healthcare policy regarding nursing practice guidelines for assessing the individuals' QOL factors and promoting QOL activities after ostomy surgery. Patient or Public contribution: The ostomy nurses in Thailand are involved in the data analysis stage. They read all the included studies before the meeting. They considered and commented on the generating and synthesizing of codes, subthemes and themes.
Drug adherence and psychological factors in patients with apparently treatment‐resistant hypertension: Yes but which ones?
Authors: Georges Coralie M. G. , Pappaccogli Marco , Fanelli Elvira , Petit Géraldine , Ritscher Sabrina , Lopez‐Sublet Marilucy , Bapolisi Achille , Wallemacq Pierre , Rabbia Franco , de Timary Philippe , Toennes Stefan W. , Persu Alexandre
Published: October 2022

The aim of the study was to assess drug adherence, as well as association of psychological factors with both drug adherence and severity of hypertension in two subtypes of patients with apparently treatment‐resistant hypertension (ATRH): younger patients with uncomplicated hypertension (YURHTN) versus patients ≥60‐year‐old and/or with a history of cardio‐ or cerebrovascular complication (OCRHTN).

Drug adherence was assessed in urine by targeted Liquid Chromatography‐Mass Spectrometry. The severity of hypertension was assessed by 24‐h ambulatory blood pressure adjusted for the number of antihypertensive drugs and for drug adherence. Psychological profile was assessed using five validated questionnaires.

The proportion of totally non‐adherent patients was three times higher (24.1 vs. 7.1%, P = 0.026) in the YURHTN (n = 54) than in OCRHTN subgroup (n = 43). Independent predictors of drug adherence in YURHTN were ability to use adaptive strategies, male sex and family history of hypertension, accounting for 39% of variability in drug adherence. In the same subgroup, independent predictors of severity of hypertension were somatization and lower recourse to planification, accounting for 40% of variability in the severity of hypertension. In contrast, in the OCRHTN subgroup, independent predictors of drug adherence and severity of hypertension were limited to the number of yearly admissions to the emergency room and the total number of prescribed drugs.

In conclusion, poor drug adherence and altered psychological profiles appear to play a major role in younger patients with ATRH devoid of cardiovascular complication. This subgroup should be prioritized for chemical detection of drug adherence and psychological evaluation.
NOD2‐mediated HDAC6/NF‐κb signalling pathway regulates ferroptosis induced by extracellular histone H3 in acute liver failure
Authors: Chen Qian , Zhang Qingqi , Cao Pan , Shi Chunxia , Zhang Luyi , Wang Luwen , Gong Zuojiong
Published: October 2022

Acute liver failure (ALF) is life‐threatening and often associated with high mortality rates. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether extracellular histone H3 could induce ferroptosis in hepatic macrophages in ALF and explore its potential mechanism. RAW264.7 macrophages and C57BL/6 mice were used in this study. LPS, D‐galactosamine (D‐Gal), histone H3, histone H3 antibody, NOD2 agonist Muramyl Dipeptide (MDP) and HDAC6‐siRNA were administered in this study. The key molecules of ferroptosis, NOD2, HDAC6 and the NF‐κb pathway, were detected. In vitro, histone H3 was released into the extracellular environment from cell nucleus after LPS exposure. In addition, histone H3 could induce ferroptosis in RAW264.7 macrophages with increased level of Fe2+ and ROS and decreased levels of GPX4 and GSH. MDP further aggravated ferroptosis in RAW264.7 macrophages stimulated by histone H3, which was accompanied by elevated NOD2, HDAC6, p‐P65 and IκBα. HDAC6‐siRNA ameliorated ferroptosis in RAW264.7 macrophages induced by histone H3, which was accompanied by decreased levels of HDAC6, p‐P65 and IκBα. However, HDAC6‐siRNA did not alter NOD2 levels in RAW264.7 macrophages administered histone H3. In vivo, the levels of NOD2, HDAC6 the NF‐κb pathway and ferroptosis were increased in ALF mice, which were downregulated by histone H3 antibody and upregulated by histone H3. Extracellular histone H3 could induce ferroptosis in hepatic macrophages in ALF by regulating theNOD2‐mediated HDAC6/NF‐κb signalling pathway.
The influence of a carrier food on the perceived spiciness of chili pepper sauce
Authors: Oh Jungmin , Kwak Han Sub , Kim Mina K.
Published: October 2022

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of carrier foods on the perceived spiciness of chili pepper sauces. Three different chili pepper sauces with known levels of synthetic oleoresin capsicum (0, 0.1, 0.3%) were prepared and served to trained panelists alongside two different carrier foods (chicken breasts and tortilla chips). The panelists evaluated the perceived intensity of the spiciness, Tmax and capsaicinoid were analyzed using u‐HPLC. Decreases in the level of perceived intensity of the spiciness was observed in chili pepper sauces served with carrier foods as compared to chili pepper sauces served alone (p < .05). The perceived intensity of the sauces served with chicken breast was significantly lower than that of the sauces served with tortilla chips (p < .05). This result indicates that the carrier foods served with chili pepper sauces may reduce the perceived spiciness perception of chili pepper sauces.

Practical application

This study indicated that the human‐perceived level of spiciness in hot chili pepper sauces is influenced by carrier foods; the effect of the sauces seemed to be greater when they were served with chicken breast than with tortilla chips. This result could help culinary artists determine how best to incorporate hot chili pepper sauces into their dishes.
Estimation of oral disease burden from claims and self‐reported data
Authors: Okunseri Christopher , Frantsve‐Hawley Julie , Thakkar‐Samtani Madhuli , Okunev IIya , Heaton Lisa J. , Tranby Eric P.
Published: October 2022

Objective

To compare the use of Medicaid and commercial claims data with self‐reported survey data in estimating the prevalence of oral disease burden.

Methods

We analyzed 2018 Medicaid claims from the IBM Watson Medicaid Marketscan database, commercial claims from the IBM Dental Database, and Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data. The estimate of oral disease burden was based on standard metrics using periodontal and caries‐related Current Dental Terminology (CDT) procedure codes. A direct comparison between the data sets was also done.

Results

Unweighted Medicaid and commercial enrollees were 11.6 and 10.5 million, respectively. The weighted proportion from MEPS for Medicaid and commercial plans ranged from 80 to 208 million people. Estimates of caries‐related treatments were calculated from IBM Watson and MEPS data for Medicaid enrollees (13% vs. 12%, respectively) and commercial claims (25% vs. 17%, respectively). Prevalence of periodontal related treatments for those with a dental visit was estimated for IBM Watson and MEPS enrollees for Medicaid (0.7% vs. 0.5%, respectively) and commercial claims (7% vs. 1.6%, respectively). Dental disease estimates were higher in individuals with at least one dental visit across cohorts. Prevalence of disease for those with a dental visit based on specific procedures were higher in commercial plans than in Medicaid.

Conclusions

Claims data has the potential to serve as a proxy measure for the estimate of dental disease burden in a population.
Antioxidants status and physiological responses to early and late heat stress in two rabbit breeds
Authors: Madkour Mahmoud , Shakweer Waleid M. E. , Hashem Nesrein M. , Aboelazab Osama , Younis Eman , El‐Azeem Nafisa Abd , Shourrap Mohamed
Published: October 2022

Early life heat stress negatively affects rabbit production and well‐being. However, the physiological response to acute heat stress in later life is not clearly defined. The present study aims to investigate the effects of early and late heat stress at 36°C on some blood constituents, antioxidant enzymes activity in the blood, and muscle in New Zealand white and Baladi Black rabbits. A total of sixty post‐weaning rabbits of each breed were randomly divided into two groups; control groups (NZWC and BBC) and early heat‐stressed groups for six hours at 36 ± 1°C and 62% relative humidity (RH) (NZWT and BBT groups). After heat stress, six rabbits from each group were slaughtered for blood and muscle tissue collection. The surviving rabbits were kept at 28 ± 1°C and 40% RH till 13 weeks of age. At the end of 13 weeks, all rabbits were exposed to late heat stress as precious described to perform four groups: single late stressed groups; NZWC2, BBC2, and double stressed groups; NZWT2 and BBT2. After late heat stress, six rabbits from each group were slaughtered for blood and muscle tissue collection. The early and late heat stress caused a significant reduction in the blood creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and high‐density lipoprotein and antioxidant enzymes' activity in blood and muscle of both NZW and BB rabbits compared with the control groups. While, the blood total cholesterol, triglycerides, total lipids levels, and lipid peroxidation activity in blood and muscle were significantly increased due to the early and late heat‐stressed both breeds compared with the control groups. It could be concluded that the early heat stress at 36°C has negative effects on several physiological indicators and antioxidant activities in the blood and muscle of NZW and BB rabbits.
The decline of Brazil in the global health field: Rupture, loss, and reversal of leadership in the international health agenda
Authors: Trivellato Paulo R. F. , Ventura Deisy de Freitas L.
Published: October 2022

The implantation of a public system of universal access to care has been the most significant contribution from the health sector to Brazil's democratization, and its diffusion through foreign policy raised the country to a status as a global health leader. Yet, the rise of a far‐right government impinges a fracture upon this dual process, through the renunciation of leading roles in both regional and wider progressive initiatives. Based on documental and literature analysis guided by exploratory interviews with global health agents, this article introduces the actors responsible for the alignment between foreign policy and the Unified Health System principles and demonstrates that a significant retrenchment of diplomatic activity paved the way for the renunciation of protagonism in progressive agendas. The process began with the shutdown of Unasur Health and public opposition to the sexual and reproductive rights agenda and culminated in the felonious emptying of technical cadres from the Ministry of Health and the change of position on intellectual property issues related to public health during the Covid‐19 pandemic.
Personality and hardiness differences between Norwegian police and psychology students
Authors: Skoglund Tom Hilding , Risan Patrick , Milne Rebecca
Published: October 2022

The present study investigated: (1) differences in personality traits and hardiness between police and psychology students; and (2) the relationship between personality traits and hardiness. To achieve these aims, we obtained scores using the Big Five Inventory‐20 and the Dispositional Resilience Scale‐15‐R from n = 125 police students and n = 177 psychology students. Police students relative to psychology students, as expected, scored significantly higher on extraversion, conscientiousness, and emotional stability, and lower on openness. Further, the police students scored higher than psychology students on agreeableness, which was unexpected. For hardiness, police students also scored significantly higher than the psychology students. There was, however, no significant difference for the hardiness component of control. All Big Five traits (except agreeableness) predicted hardiness in a stepwise regression, where emotional stability was the strongest isolated predictor (β = 0.40). When treating hardiness as a dichotomized variable, for identifying those especially low or high on hardiness, openness was the strongest predictor for the high hardiness group: OR = 1.69 (95% CI 1.24–2.30). Margin plots revealed that increases in Big Five trait scores, except agreeableness, elevated the probability of belonging to the high hardiness group independent of field of study. We conclude that there is some support for a Norwegian ‘police student personality’. Additionally, we discuss nuances in the personality‐relatedness of the hardiness construct based on results from a linear and logistic regression, respectively.
The space of encounter and the making of difference: The entangled lives of Alevi and Sunni neighbours in Turkey
Authors: Gökarıksel Banu , Secor Anna J.
Published: October 2022

The concept of encounter has long been central to a cosmopolitan ethos in which coming together in urban public space is expected to yield tolerance and pluralism. More recently scholars have reworked this concept to account for not only what is potentially transformative in encounters but also how encounters are conditioned by and productive of relations of power and inequality. Our study contributes to this reworking, and to feminist critiques of space and politics, by centring the spatiality of encounter in the entanglement of neighbours. Drawing on our focus group research (2013–2016) with Alevis and Sunnis in Istanbul and Malatya, we argue that difficult questions of difference, responsibility, and power come to the fore in neighbour relations. While our study underlines how Sunni supremacism and Alevi precarity are constituted in the everyday lives of neighbours, we also find that there is a transformational potential in these encounters that is not fully (re)absorbed into structures of Alevi–Sunni difference. We argue that, across the blurry boundaries of home and neighbourhood spaces, the unbidden intimacies of living in proximity (the drift of smells and sounds, the lines of sight that connect balconies and windows, the presence of neighbours at the thresholds and in the spaces of each other's homes) mean that encounters between neighbours both fuel and trouble the marking out of what is shared and what is separate, what is tolerable and what crosses a line. Our study thereby advances an understanding of the space of encounter, the making of difference, and the political and ethical significance of this entanglement.
COVID-19 Impact on Church Cash Inflows in Ghana as Moderated by Location Profile
Authors: Osei-Kuffour Francis , Kwasi Peprah Williams , Marfo Sarfo Dickson , Osei Yeboah Bright
Published: October 2022

The corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic brought both negative and positive impacts on all sectors of world economies since its inception in the early 2020s. Profit and not-for-profit institutions have had their levels of effects as a result of the world-wide crises. Lockdown measures imposed by governments around the world to curb the spread of the virus had various repercussions on various activities, including churches. Effects of the pandemic on businesses, education, agriculture and tourism, among others, have received massive highlights in literature. Given this phenomenon, this study sought to ascertain the impact of COVID-19 on church cash inflows. The study used quantitative research approach. Research instrument consisted of self-constructed questionnaire. The study made use of descriptive correlational design. Data collected from Unions and Conferences of the Seventh-day Adventist Church in Ghana were statistically analyzed. Results showed positive significant impact of COVID-19 on church cash inflows. There was significant moderating effect of location profile on church cash inflows during the period of the pandemic. The findings have implications for diversification of income sources through church projects to achieve stable to moderate cash inflows in the events of unpredictable new normal. This study concludes that the longevity of the pandemic will continually cause church cash inflows to decline.
Effects of Sloshing Motions on Condensation Heat Transfer Characteristics of Integral-Fin Tubes Under Sea Conditions
Authors: Zhuang Dawei , Zhou Faxian , Ding Guoliang
Published: October 2022

Integral-fin tubes with high heat transfer capability are a promising solution for improving the compactness of condensers used in the exploitation of offshore natural gas at sea, and the sloshing motions including rolling and pitching would inevitably affect the performance of tubes. For applying integral-fin tubes offshore, the effects of rolling and pitching motions on condensation heat transfer characteristics of integral-fin tubes should be known. In this study, the condensation heat transfer characteristics of integral-fin tubes under rolling and pitching motions are experimentally investigated and the effects of motion angle and frequency are quantitatively analyzed. The results show that the sloshing motions have both positive and negative effects on the heat transfer of integral-fin tubes during a period, and the pitching motion has a greater influence than the rolling motion. As the sloshing angle increases from 0 deg to 12 deg, the maximum increase and reduction rates of the ratio of local wall subcooling temperature under pitching motion to that under static conditions are 10.9% and 12.5%, respectively, and the time-averaged condensation heat transfer coefficient (HTC) increases by 3.5% maximally. As the sloshing frequency increases from 0 to 0.25 Hz, the maximum increase and reduction rates of the ratio of local wall subcooling temperature under pitching motion to that under static conditions are 7.7% and 15.2%, respectively, and the increase rate of the time-averaged condensation HTC remains about 2%.
Discussion on the Paper “Entropy Generation Due to Heat and Mass Transfer in a Flow of Dissipative Elastic Fluid Through a Porous Medium, Afridi, M. I., Qasim, M., and Makinde, O. D., 2019, ASME J. Heat Transfer-Trans. ASME, 141(2), p. 022002”
Authors: Pantokratoras Asterios
Published: October 2022

A serious error exists in the above paper.
An Experimental and Modeling Study for a Novel Bank-Type Earth Air Heat Exchanger for the Summer Season Using Full Factorial Design
Authors: Goyal Vaishali , Asati Arun Kumar , Arora Amit
Published: October 2022

The current study reports the modeling and experimental study of a novel bank-type earth air heat exchanger for both hot and humid and hot and dry weather of Ferozepur. The air has been flown through the bank in the induced mode in which uniform flow is achieved through all parallel pipes. The experimental work was followed by systematically designing experiments using the reduced quartic model of the full factorial designing technique. The earth’s undisturbed temperature was 28 °C at a depth of 2 m below the earth’s surface at the place of study. The present study is better than the earlier reported shapes because the dry bulb temperature has moved down to 29.8 °C. The two-factor as well as three-factor interactions were studied. The desirability for hot and dry weather ranges from 0.813 to 1.00, and for hot and humid weather ranges from 0.603 to 0.736.
A Data-Driven Framework for Fatigue Monitoring of Operating Flexible Risers
Authors: Hejazi Rasoul , Grime Andrew , Milne Ian , Watson Phil , White Elizabeth , Mariani Alessio , Lanoëllë Max
Published: October 2022

An accurate estimation of riser fatigue life plays a critical role in the efficient structural integrity management of operating flexible risers. A more reliable fatigue life estimate could, for example, enable life extension for aging flexible risers or facilitate the use of a more targeted intervention program. This paper introduces a data-centric paradigm for the fatigue monitoring of flexible risers which uses measured host vessel motion data as part of the riser global response analysis. The performance of this method is assessed by comparison with the conventional analysis method, which uses a condensed wave scatter diagram combined with vessel motion transfer functions to assess global response.

In the study, Python packages Scipy and Pandas are used to process raw wave and motion data obtained from wave measuring buoys and sensors located on the host vessel, respectively, to obtain the input load data, and non-linear time-domain analysis is used to calculate the global riser response due to both irregular waves and the measured motions. Tensions and curvatures obtained from the global riser response analysis form the input to a local stress analysis, which uses a proprietary software tool to estimate the stress response at the tensile and pressure armours. The output is then combined with a rainflow cycle counting technique and an S-N curve approach to perform the local fatigue assessment at the riser critical points.

This paper compares the predicted and measured key input parameters (such as vessel heading, motions etc.) that affect the estimated fatigue life of a representative flexible riser connected to an operating Floating, Process, Storage and Offloading (FPSO) host vessel. Finally, the paper provides practical recommendations for using measured host-vessel motion data as part of a rigorous fatigue monitoring of connected flexible risers.
Application of New Viscoelastic Acidizing of Diverting Technology in Horizontal Wells of Tarim Oilfield
Authors: Wang Jie , Jiang Houshun , Xu Hualei
Published: October 2022

Donghe block of Tarim Oilfield is a long horizontal sandstone reservoir with many small layers and serious heterogeneity. After conventional acidification, there were some problems such as small production increased and water content increased. Through the analysis, the main reason was that in the acidizing engineering, the acid fluid entered the high permeability zone preferentially, while the low permeability layer which needed to be reformed most cannot be improved, and the interlayer heterogeneity was intensified. In view of the problems such as the difficulty of uniform distribution acid and the unsatisfactory effect during the acidizing transformation of Donghe block, the acidizing of diverting-steering technology was proposed. The mechanism of viscous diverting was analyzed and optimized the viscoelastic surfactant DCA-1, which is suitable for the steering of sandstone reservoir acid, and evaluated its diversion performance indoors. Production tests were conducted on the well DH20-4H before and after the acidizing process. The production tests show that the daily oil production rate is 18 t, the daily water production rate is 1.71 t, and the water content of the reservoir is 51% before the acidizing process. After performing acidizing to the sandstone formations, the production tests show that the daily oil production was improved to 1.71 t, no water was produced, and the water content of the reservoir is 0%. The effect of acidizing is obvious. This paper suggests that viscoelastic diversion acid system could be used for acidizing in other horizontal wells with large heterogeneity. Field experiment and application showed that acidizing of diverting-steering technology has achieved good stimulation effect in Donghe block, so it has important reference significance for the transformation of sandstone reservoir acidizing uniformity in long well section.
Research on Air-Foam/Polymer-Based Profile Control and Flooding Technology in Heterogeneous Reservoirs
Authors: Wang Jie , Jiang Houshun , Yang Hong , Zhang Lufeng
Published: October 2022

Air-foam injection flooding technology is one of the effective methods of tertiary oil recovery technology. But in the high heterogeneous reservoir, due to the existence of high permeability layers and micro-fractures, the air-foam system cannot effectively plug the high permeability layers or natural micro-fractures. Therefore, the single air-foam flooding technology cannot plug effectively. It is necessary to combine the polymer flooding technology to enhance the flooding effect. In this work, the plugging effect of the air-foam/polymer system on the heterogeneous permeability and fractured cores was studied to choose the suitable air-foam/polymers system for various reservoirs based on a physical model of heterogeneous permeability core and artificial-fractured cores. Finally, the enhance in the oil displacement efficiency of air-foam/polymer system was studied. The result show that 1) for plugging fracture with a permeability of 100 × 10−3μm2, a polymer with a medium molecular weight or above should be used; 2) under the same gas-liquid ratio, the higher the permeability, the better the foam plugging effect; 3) the greater the amount of foam injected, the higher the increment of the low-permeability oil recovery; 4) for oil layers with large interlayer differences or high permeability, further profile control measures need to be taken before foam injection, such as adjust the flow distribution so that the injected fluid can enter the low-permeability oil layer for oil displacement. This article provides a reference for upgrading the air-foam injection flooding technology.
Characterisation of Ship-Induced Long-Period Primary Waves Using Nonlinear Fourier Transform (KdV-NFT)
Authors: Brühl Markus , Wahls Sander
Published: October 2022

Large vessels propagating in narrow, shallow maritime waterways generate a system of ship-induced waves consisting of long-period primary waves and short-period secondary waves. Progressive long-period free-surface wave systems are governed by the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation, and are known to possibly disperse into a train of solitons and trailing oscillatory waves in the far field. By application of the nonlinear Fourier transform based on the KdV equation (KdV-NFT), these far-field solitons can already be revealed in the nonlinear spectra of the near-field data. In this paper, we apply the KdV-NFT to measured ship-wave time series from experiments in order to investigate the solitonic structures of these strongly nonlinear waves. Furthermore, we present qualitative and quantitative relations between the spectral solitons from frequency-domain KdV-NFT and channel, geometry, ship dynamics and primary-wave height as obtained by time-domain analysis of the time series.
Domino Effect Risk Assessment System for Offshore Oil and Gas Facilities Decommissioning
Authors: Li Yihong , Hu Zhiqiang
Published: October 2022

The development of the offshore oil and gas industry has been experienced for more than a century and many offshore facilities are facing the decommissioning challenge. For the reason of offshore facilities are in a harsh ocean environment, the risk assessment and accidental warning technologies involved in the decommissioning process causes attention by industry and academia. Due to the characteristic of high-impact low-probability, domino effect accidents are required to be assessed by the European Union’s Seveso-II Directive, especially when considering the chemical industry risk assessment. However, at present, there is few risks assessment system for the decommissioning of offshore oil and gas facilities.

This paper presents a study on the establishment of a Domino Effect risk assessment system for offshore oil and gas facilities’ decommissioning. Compared with the traditional risk assessment system which only conducts a unilateral assessment of certain hazards, this Domino effect risk assessment system combines 7 major hazards with 9 decommissioning procedures in 2 event layers. Meanwhile, a domino event trigger mechanism has been established. The proposed system uses theoretical equations to assess the risks assessment results quickly and accurately.
Experimental Bench-Scale Study on Cuttings-Bed Erosion in Horizontal Wells
Authors: Pedrosa Camilo , Lund Bjørnar , Ytrehus Jan David , Opedal Nils , Saasen Arild
Published: October 2022

Cuttings-beds formation while drilling wellbores is a common challenge, especially for horizontal wells, as drilled particles have higher area to be deposited and form cuttings-beds, which can cause several problems such as, increased torque and drag, pipe sticking or pipe breakage, among others. Removal of the drilled-cuttings is done by circulating a suitable drilling fluid through the wellbore. This paper presents results from laboratory tests with deposited cuttings-bed and the flow of a fluid to erode the bed. The simulated cuttings-bed is a 1m long deposited sand-bed in a horizontal section. Three different types of fluids are being used in the tests. To investigate how the rheological properties can affect the erodibility of the cuttings-bed, water (as a Newtonian fluid), a xanthan gum solution and a water-based drilling fluid prepared for an offshore field operation (as a non-Newtonian fluids) are applied. Ultrasound measurements together with differential bed weight have been used to analyze the fluid-bed interaction.

Results have shown that the cuttings-bed is eroded by dune movement. Saltation and dragging of sand particles due to the fluid flow appear to create a crest and then avalanche them down. The different types of fluids undergo different shear rates from the same pump power as the viscosity changes, as well as flow rates dependency along the dune extent.
Study on Correcting Method for Predicting Brittle Fracture of Surface Cracked Plates in Mixed-Mode Loading
Authors: Akahoshi Takuya , Azuma Koji , Iwashita Tsutomu
Published: October 2022

This study aims to establish a fracture prediction method that considers the effect of crack opening modes to accurately predict brittle fracture occurring at the beam-to-column joints of building structures. Beam-to-diaphragm joint models were tested under cyclic loading, designed to connect building structures. Finite element analysis and failure prediction using the Weibull stress approach were conducted. Using mixed-mode ratio, the effect of crack opening modes on prediction accuracy was examined. Further, the accuracy of fracture prediction were improved through corrections for different modes.