bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental and Numerical Investigations on Flexural Behaviour of Prestressed Textile Reinforced Concrete Slabs
Authors: Ngo Dang Quang , Nguyen Huy Cuong
Published: June 2021

Nowadays, concrete is mostly prestressed with steel. But the application of prestressing steel is restricted in a highly corrosive environment area due to corrosion of prestressing steel, leading to a reduction in strength and may cause sudden failure. Carbon textile is considered an alternate material due to its corrosive resistance property, high tensile strength, and perfectly elastic. Prestressing is also the only realistic way to utilize fully ultra-high tensile strength in carbon textile material. In this study, experimental and numerical analyses were carried out for the flexural behaviour of prestressed and non-prestressed carbon textile reinforced concrete slabs. This study also focuses on the inﬂuences of textile reinforcement ratios, prestressing grades on the flexural behaviour of carbon textile reinforced concrete (TRC). Fifteen precast TRC slabs were tested, of which six were prestressed to various levels with carbon textile. The obtained results show that prestressing textile reinforcement results in a higher load-bearing capacity, stiffness, and crack resistance for TRC slabs. The ﬁrst-crack load of the prestressed specimens increased by about 85% compared with those of non-prestressed slabs. Three-dimensional finite element models were developed to provide a reliable estimation of global and local response. The modeling techniques accurately reproduced the experimental behaviour. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091712 Full Text: PDF
DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF WATER TREATMENT FACILITIES
Authors: Chutchenko Svetlana , Evtushenko Sergej , Djulai Nikolai
Published: June 2021

The article continues the cycle of works on the preparation of industrial buildings for reconstruction and their examination. In this article, organizational and technological solutions are systematized, which are mandatory for use in the reconstruction of water treatment facilities. Design solutions for the reconstruction of treatment facilities are based on a new treatment technology.
EL IMPACTO DEL CRÉDITO BANCARIO SOBRE EL DESARROLLO HUMANO EN MÉXICO: UN ANÁLISIS DE DATOS PANEL A NIVEL ESTATAL, 2004-2016
Authors: Méndez-Heras Lizethe Berenice , Venegas-Martínez Francisco , Linthon-Delgado Diego Emilio
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Esta investigación examina la relación entre el crédito de la banca comercial y el desarrollo humano en México por Estado. Metodología:La metodología consiste en: 1) la construcción del Índice de Desarrollo Humano (IDH) en el nivel estatal de 2004 a 2016 (cada dos años); 2) la estimación de un modelo de variables instrumentales, utilizando MCO en dos etapas de datos panel; y 3) la estimación de un modelo dinámico de datos panel. Resultados: Ambos modelos sugieren que existe una relación estadísticamente significativa y positiva entre el crédito de la banca comercial y el IDH estatal en México.
DESIGUALDAD SALARIAL EN LOS SUBSECTORES MANUFACTUREROS EN MÉXICO, 2007-2018
Authors: Murillo-Villanueva Brenda , Carbajal Suárez Yolanda , Almonte Leobardo de Jesús
Published: June 2021

Este documento analiza los determinantes de la desigualdad salarial en la manufactura en México. Entre los determinantes consensuados por la literatura económica se encuentran la apertura comercial, el cambio técnico, la oferta de empleo y aspectos institucionales del mercado de trabajo. A partir de un modelo con datos de panel, se busca probar la significancia estadística de estas variables en la determinación de la desigualdad salarial para los 21 subsectores manufactureros en México, en el periodo 2007-2018; para ello, se estima el índice de desigualdad para cada subsector. Los resultados muestran que la apertura comercial, el cambio técnico, la oferta de empleo y la reforma laboral inciden de manera directa sobre la desigualdad salarial.
BITCOIN PRICE PREDICTION USING MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: M Vaidehi , Pandit Alivia , Jindal Bhaskar , Kumari Minu , Singh Rupali
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we use the LSTM version of Recurrent Neural Networks, pricing for Bitcoin. To develop a better understanding of its price influence and a common view of this good invention, we first give a brief overview of Bitcoin again economics. After that, we define the database, including data from stock market indices, sentiment, and . in this investigation, we demonstrate the use of LSTM structures with the series of time mentioned above. In conclusion, we draw the Bitcoin pricing forecast results 30 and 60 days in advance.
Análisis y priorización de sistemas de producción asociadas al café y aguacate
Authors: Ayala Montejo Diana , Valdés Velarde Eduardo , Romo Lozano José Luis
Published: June 2021

La presión por el cambio a monocultivos de aguacate en los sistemas tradicionales de café en el estado de Veracruz puede generar consecuencias, puesto que este cultivo busca maximizar la rentabilidad financiera sin considerar la sostenibilidad de empleo, gestión, adaptar e implementar tecnologías ambientalmente amigables, capacidad de inversión y servicios ecosistémicos. El objetivo fue analizar y priorizar distintos sistemas de producción asociados al cultivo de café y aguacate, mediante dos escenarios: financiero (EF) y multicriterio (EMC). En EF se incluyeron medidas monetarias, con las que se calculó la relación beneficio costo (RBC); en el EMC, además de RBC se incorporaron los criterios de necesidad de inversión, empleo, gestión, carbono y nitrógeno en biomasa vegetal, biomasa y diversidad de macrofauna edáfica, analizados con el método PROMETHEE; a través, del cual se generó un ordenamiento de priorización. Los análisis se realizaron en cinco sistemas: aguacate monocultivo (SAM), aguacate café (SAC), cafetal renovado (SCR); cafetal con limpiezas severas (SCL) y cafetal abandonado (SCA), con información del ciclo 2018-2019. En EF el SAM resultó con la RBC muy por encima de los demás (2.43). El EMC priorizo a los SCR, SAM y SAC en las tres primeras posiciones de la clasificación. Los análisis fundamentan la amenaza de los SAM para desplazar a los cafetales, por lo que se mantiene el reto de diseñar y poner en práctica políticas públicas que valoren las variables sociales y ambientales, y consolidar así SAC en una mejor posición que permitan mantener el cultivo de café.
Variabilidad genética en raíz de girasol mediante gamma de 60Co
Authors: Bravo Delgado Humberto Rafael , Días López Ernesto
Published: June 2021

El girasol es un cultivo que pertenece a la familia asteraceae. Esta planta posee múltiples usos dentro de los cuales se pueden citar: extracción de aceite de sus semillas, ornamental y debido al gran volumen del sistema radical como planta biorremediadora. Lo anterior, es ocasionado por la capacidad de extracción de metales pesados tales como: Pb, Mg y Ca, que afectan los suelos agrícolas. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue: inducir variabilidad genética en el sistema radical del girasol, mediante el uso de irradiación gamma de 60Co. Para ello se sembraron aquenios en condiciones de invernadero en macetas de 4 kg de capacidad durante el verano de 2019 en el Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares ubicado en la Marquesa, México, los cuales fueron evaluados bajo un diseño completamente al azar. Los tratamientos consistieron en once niveles de irradiación gamma de 60Co y cuatro repeticiones (11 x 5)= 55 unidades experimentales. Los resultados indican que el mayor volumen, longitud y biomasa seca de raíz, se obtuvieron con la aplicación de 200 Gy de irradiación gamma de 60Co. La LD50 para germinación se alcanzó a 207 Gy, mientras que para brotación con 183 Gy. De este trabajo se concluye que la aplicación de 200 Gy de 60Co, pueden inducir variabilidad genética en atributos deseables en el girasol, cuando este es destinado a la biorremediación de suelos agrícolas.
Patogenicidad de cepas de Ustilago maydis para la producción en condiciones controladas
Authors: Aguayo-González Dulce Janeth , Guevara-Lara Fidel , Pérez-Cabrera Laura Eugenia , García-Munguía Carlos Alberto , Garcia Alberto Margarito
Published: June 2021

La amplia variabilidad patogénica en cepas de Ustilago maydis permite la evaluación en semillas de maíz hibridas y criollas para la producción de huitlacoche. Por lo anterior, el objetivo en este estudio fue evaluar la capacidad patogénica de cepas de U. maydis del estado de Aguascalientes, México durante el periodo 2014-2016 en maíces híbridos y criollos para la producción de huitlacoche en condiciones controladas con el método de inoculación artificial. Evaluando cuatro cepas de Aguascalientes y dos cepas testigo originarias del Estado de México, en tres híbridos y tres criollos, con un diseño experimental completamente al azar con tres repeticiones en arreglo factorial 6x4. Obteniendo así diferencias significativas entre variedades comerciales y las tres cruzas evaluadas, donde la cruza 2 presentó la mayor patogenicidad con 59.6% (criollos) y 76.9% (híbridos) para índice de severidad, en la incidencia con 82.2% (criollos) y 93.3% (híbridos), para gramos por mazorca infectada con 73.9 g (criollos) y 134 g (híbridos) y para el rendimiento por hectárea fue de 4.1 t ha-1 (criollos) y 7.7 t ha-1 (híbridos). El híbrido A7573 presentó la mayor susceptibilidad para las tres cruzas evaluadas. Concluyendo así que las cepas del estado Aguascalientes presentan patogenicidad, siendo una buena opción para la producción de huitlacoche en condiciones controladas.
KETERLIBATAN DAN KERJASAMA SISWA DALAM BELAJAR FISIKA DI KELAS XI IPA SMA NEGERI Se-KOTA SUNGAI PENUH
Authors: Yovita Noni , Maison Maison , Susanti Nova
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keterlibatan dan kerjasama siswa dalam belajar fisika di kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri Se-Kota Sungai Penuh. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di empat SMA Negeri Kota Sungai Penuh dengan jumlah populasi 496 siswa. Data penelitian ini diperoleh dengan cara menyebarkan angket yang telah divalidasi. Hasil penelitian rata-rata keterlibatan siswa dari SMA Negeri 1 Kota Sungai Penuh sebesar 3,10, SMA Negeri 2 Kota Sungai Penuh 3,17, SMA Negeri 3 Kota Sungai Penuh 3,21, dan SMA Negeri 4 Kota Sungai Penuh sebesar 3,23. Rata-rata kerjasama siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Kota Sungai Penuh 3,80, SMA Negeri 2 Kota Sungai Penuh 3,65, SMA Negeri 3 Kota Sungai Penuh 3,49, dan SMA Negeri 4 Kota Sungai Penuh 3,78.
Implementasi Kebijakan Pemerintah Daerah Dalam Menanggulangi Rendahnya Daya Serap Angkatan Kerja di Kota Cilegon
Authors: Visita Afrima , Maulana Delly , Nugroho Arif
Published: June 2021

Masalah: Masih banyak jumlah angka pengangguran, rendahnya daya serap angkatan kerja, kualitas sumber daya manusia (SDM), dan industri padat modal daripada padat karya.

Tujuan: mengetahui implementasi kebijakan pemerintah dalam menanggulangi rendahnya daya serap angkatan kerja di Kota Cilegon, untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi implementasi kebijakan pemerintah dalam menanggulangi rendahnya daya serap angkatan kerja.

Metodologi: Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi.

Temuan/Hasil Penelitian: Rendahnya daya serap angkatan kerja dapat ditingkatkan dengan membuat kebijakan-kebijakan ataupun peraturan-peraturan yang terkait dengan daya serap angkatan seperti BLK yang dapat meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia (SDM) dan dapat bersaing dengan SDM yang di luar Daerah. Daya serap angkatan kerja dapat ditingkatkan melalui program atau kebijakan yang dibuat oleh pemerintah.

Jenis penelitian: Riset lapangan
A Novel Multi-Criteria Decision Sorting Approach based on Chebyshev's Theorem for Supplier Classification Problem
Authors: Azadfallah Mohammad
Published: June 2021

One of the interesting features of Multi-Criteria Decision Making/ Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MCDM/ MADM) is that a number of techniques that can be used to solve the same problem. In general, three common categories of decision problems are choice problem, ranking problem, and sorting problem. While, the issue of choice and ranking problems is more emphasized in MCDM/ MADM, but the literature weakly consider sorting problems. Several solutions for the above problem are suggested (i.e., Flow sort, AHP-Sort, ELECTRE Tri, etc.). Theoretically, there is no reason to be limited to these techniques. Hence, in this paper we propose a novel multi-criteria sorting method that is based on Chebyshev’s theorem. More specifically, different from other studies on MCDM sorting problems, which put more emphasis on the extension of new models, this work attempts to present a general framework using the Chebyshev’s inequality, to transform the results of conventional MCDM models from ranking format to sort mode. Finally, the proposed approach is compared with three existed models. Compared results show that the proposed method is efficient and the results are stable.
The Influence of Board Independent on Firm Performance of Sri Lankan Listed Companies
Authors: Nazar M. C. A.
Published: June 2021

The study investigates the effect of board independent on firm performance of Sri Lankan listed companies. This study employs a cross section analysis of 120 firms as sample of listed firms in Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) for the financial year ending2019 and multivariate analyses are used to test the proposed hypothesis. The board independent variable being the independent variable and firm performance (ROA) variable being the dependent variable are confirmed under regression model. The results of the study display that board independence is negatively connected with ROA. Further, Board size and CEO duality are significantly negatively associated with ROA. Moreover, a control variable of firm size is significantly positively connected with ROA and leverage is negatively related with ROA though not significant. The findings of the study indicate mixed results which are in consistent with empirical evidence of developed nation.
Innovative whey based tonic drink with the plant components
Authors:   Volgograd State Technical University, Skachkov D.A. , Serova O.P. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Pilipenko D.N. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Obrushnikova L.F. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Surkova S.A. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production
Published: June 2021

Aim. Development of a fermented milk drink using secondary raw materials from the dairy industry, with the addition of plant components, characterized by high consumer properties and high nutritional value. Materials and Methods. The production of the studied samples was carried out in accordance with the developed normative technical documentation on the generally created technology for the production of milk jelly. Sampling and preparation of samples for laboratory studies was carried out according to a single method in accordance with the requirements of GOST 26809. Organoleptic evaluation of the finished product was performed on the basis of GOST 31986-2012, GOST R ISO 22935-1-2011, GOST R ISO 22935-2-2011. The acidity of the developed samples was determined by the titrimetric method according to GOST 3624-92. Results. An adequate formulation of fermented milk whey drink with the addition of plant components has been developed. The optimal amount of the lacto-fermenting component for the fermentation of curd whey in an amount of 0.5% was selected, at which the acidity of the drink is 80оT, as well as the tasteful functional filler (currant syrup) – 3%. The developed whey drink has a low calorie content, high nutritional value, has a positive effect on the gastrointestinal tract, and is intended for the general population. Conclusion. The developed whey based tonic is a good addition to the diet, has a positive effect on the gastrointestinal tract, and therefore its use will have a positive impact on human health.
PROSA (SUATU PENGANTAR)
Authors: Felta Felta
Published: June 2021

Prose is a free essay (not bound by the rules contained in poetry). Old prose is Indonesian prose that has not been influenced by western culture. New prose is prose that is written freely without any rules. The characteristics of old prose are: statistical, differentiation, traditional, formed by society, ignoring history, language showing traditional forms, fantasy or imaginary nature. The forms of prose are: saga, history, story, fairy tale.
resume HTN 142 Nurul Fitria
Authors: fitriah nurul
Published: June 2021

Dibanyak negara dunia ketiga beberapa kebebasan seperti yang dikenal didunia barat kurang diindahkan atau sekurang-kurangnya diberi tafsiran yang berbeda. Dalam situasi semacam ini, setiap analisis mengenai hasil pemilihan umum harus memperhitungkan faktor kurang bebasan itu serta kemungkinan adanya faktor mobilisasi yang sedikit banyak mengandung unsur paksaan.
Resume hukum tata negara Syahrul
Authors: Syahrul
Published: June 2021

Resume yg berkaitan dengan partai politik
PERAN KEDAI KOPI SEBAGAI SARANA INTERAKSI SOSIAL ANAK MUDA KOTA BANJARMASIN
Authors: Mutaqin Muhammad Azhari
Published: June 2021

Artikel ini memiliki tujuan untuk memaparkan peran kedai kopi sebagai sarana interaksi sosial anak muda Kota Banjarmasin. Pada penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara dan studi pustaka berdasarkan permasalahan yang dibahas yakni Peran Kedai Kopi sebagai Sarana Interaksi Sosial Anak Muda Kota Banjarmasin. Pada hasil penelitian ini menampilkan bahwa kedai kopi memiliki banyak kegiatan interaksi yang dilakukan oleh anak muda Kota Banjarmasin di kedai kopi. Kegiatan yang dilakukan pengunjung tidak hanya sebatas memesan minuman dan makanan semata, akan tetapi juga terdapat banyak jenis kegiatan yang dilakukan pengunjung sehingga mereka biasanya menghabiskan waktu yang cukup lama untuk berada di kedai kopi. Aktivitas yang sering dilihat jika berada di kedai kopi yakni kegiatan interaksi sosial antar individu yang dilakukan pengunjung ataupun pelayan kedai kopi. Interaksi sosial yang terjadi memiliki beragam kebermanfaatan yakni sebegai aktivitas untuk berbagi pengalaman, menambah pengetahuan serta membicarakan perihal bisnis. Hal tersebut menjadi gambaran bahwa peran kedai kopi sebagai sarana interaksi sosial anak muda Kota Banjarmasin dan pada akhirnya menjadi gaya hidup baru bagi kalangan muda yang ada di Kota Banjarmasin.
Refuse to be a fool
Authors: Ho Manh-Toan
Published: June 2021

Science has been held on high moral ground, and precisely because of that, researchers have to try to satisfy everyone. They are universities, funders, industries, journals, publishers, editors, reviewers, and even the public. Universities and funders often demand prestigious studies in prestigious journals. Meanwhile, journals want submitted manuscripts to be novel and original, despite the fact that it could be the 54,560th papers to write about a topic, and the journal is one in a few hundred journals in the same discipline. Editors and reviewers can be more personal with their intentions, but the infamous Reviewer 2 will always be around the corner. The industries will probably pay you handsomely, but there is a grey zone that can be quite nerving to think about. Oh, and the public. The public. It is hard to know their needs. The scientific contribution needs to be understandable, but cheap. It must be practical, but it should work on the first try.
PIRDAUS-Resume Htn
Authors: PIRDAUS
Published: June 2021

Indonesia akan mulai memasuki babak baru dalam kehidupan berdemokrasi. Setelah pemilihan Umum Legislatif dan Pemilihan Presiden dan Wakil Presiden tahun 2004 yang dilakukan secara demokratis,tertib dan damai,kini masyarakat indonesia bisa memilih Presiden dan Wakil Presiden secara langung dan menantikan kerja-kerja yaang brilian dan pro rakyat dari pemimpin-pemimpin yang mereka pilih melalui pemilihan umum. Pemilihan kali ini berbedan dari tahun-tahun sebelumnya,hasil pemilu tahun 2009 lalu,kursi parlemen sangat di kuasai oleh Partai Demokrat,dengan perolehan suara sekitar 20% suar nasional,di tahun 2014 ini. Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan yang selama 10 tahun jadi partai oposisi,kini menguasai kursi parlemen dengan perolehan suara secara nasional sebesar 18,95%,dalam pemilihan Presiden dan Wakil presiden Jokowi dodo dan Jusuf kalla yang di ususng oleh partai PDI-P,PKB,Hanura,Nasdem,partai keadilan dan persatuan indonesia memperoleh suara sebesar 70.997.833 suara atau 53,15% suara nasional. Sedangkan pasangan calon presiden dan wakil presiden Prabowo subianto dan Hatta rajasa yang diusung oleh Partai Gerindra,PAN,Golkar,PPP,PKS memperoleh suara sebesar 62.576.444 atau 46,85%. Total jumlah pemilih sah atau tidak sah pada pemilihan 2014 sebesar 134.953.967 suara secara nasional. Dengan demikian terpilihnya Joko widodo menjadi presiden ke 7 indonesia.
MUSEUM LAMBUNG MANGKURAT SEBAGAI LABORATORIUM OUTDOOR PEMBELAJARAN IPS
Authors: Maimunah Siti
Published: June 2021

Museum Lambung Mangkurat dikenal sebagai tempat objek wisata bersejarah. Fungsi dari keberadaan museum ini tidak hanya sebagai objek wisata, melainkan juga sebagai laboratorium outdoor pembelajaran IPS. Museum Lambung Mangkurat merupakan salah satu situs peninggalan sejarah penting dan memiliki nilai historis yang sangat berharga. Dalam dunia pendidikan, Museum Lambung Mangkurat dapat dikembangkan sebagai sumber, media, dan model pembelajaran laboratorium outdoor. Pembelajaran IPS mencakup 7 disiplin ilmu satu diantaranya yaitu sejarah, dengan adanya Museum Lambung Mangkurat sebagai laboratorium outdoor agar dapat memberikan pengetahuan dan inovasi baru bagi mahasiswa. Juga memperdalam pemahaman tentang sejarah melalui peninggalan-peninggalan situs yang ada.
The relationship between indoor environment, outdoor environment, and behavior on indoor air quality and health
Authors: Lab SDAG
Published: June 2021

We should be concerned about the impact of indoor air quality on health because in the United States, people spend most of their time indoors. While earlier studies have characterized the odds of developing illness based on the home environment, they have not investigated the behaviors that can ameliorate the negative effect of indoor, outdoor, and behavioral sources. The purpose of this study was to 1) investigate the contributions of indoor, outdoor, and behavioral sources of pollutants on health symptoms, and 2) to identify the behaviors that can worsen or mitigate the number of health symptoms. Data came from two surveys (n=83,284) and include questions on home conditions, outdoor conditions, occupants’ behaviors, and health symptoms. I used negative binomial regression and identified that demographics and outdoor characteristics explain 2% of the variability in health symptoms, and maintenance behaviors explain 8% of the variability in health symptoms. Next, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the behaviors that can mitigate or worsen the number of health symptoms. The results show that maintenance issue such as mold result in significantly more health symptoms (β = .12, p <.001). and factors such as leaks, and frequent long shower may result in an increase in mold. Leaks may cause water stains (β = .39, p <.001) which could lead to molds (β = .47, p <.001). While frequent long shower can result in an increase in mold (β = .05, p <.001), the use of a bathroom exhaust during shower may help to reduce molds (β = -.04, p <.001). In terms of personal behaviors, the presence of carpet (β = .08, p <.001), and smoking also result in an increase in surface dust (β = .17`, p <.001) but frequent vacuuming could mitigate the impact of surface dust on health symptoms (β = -.12, p <.001). Home occupants who live near environmental hazards are also likely to use air purifier (β = .03, p <.001); however, air purifier is associated with more health symptoms (β = .05, p <.001). Based on the findings, it is recommended that home occupants engage in periodic maintenance to prevent issues such as leaks from escalating to molds, regular vacuuming to reduce the accumulation of surface dust. Regarding air purifier, it could be that participants who experienced more health symptoms were more likely to use an air purifier. However, some air purifiers are sources of ozone, therefore home occupants should err on the side of caution when it comes to air purifier (Britigan et al., 2006; Cestonaro et al., 2017).
Contextual influence of reinforcement learning performance in depression: evidence for a negativity bias?
Authors: Vandendriessche Henri , Demmou Amel , Bavard Sophie , Yadak Julien , Lemogne Cédric , Mauras Thomas , Palminteri Stefano
Published: June 2021

Backgrounds:Value-based decision-making impairment in depression is a complex phenomenon: while some studies did find evidence of blunted reward learning and reward-related signals in the brain, others indicate no effect. Here we test whether such reward sensitivity deficits are dependent on the overall value of the decision problem. MethodsWe used a two-armed bandit task with two different contexts: one ‘rich’, one ‘poor’ where both options were associated with an overall positive, negative expected value, respectively. We tested patients (N=30) undergoing a major depressive episode and age, gender and socio-economically matched controls (N=26). Learning performance followed by a transfer phase, without feedback, were analysed to distangle between a decision or a value-update process mechanism. Finally, we used computational model simulation and fitting to link behavioural patterns to learning biases.ResultsControl subjects showed similar learning performance in the ‘rich’ and the ‘poor’ contexts, while patients displayed reduced learning in the ‘poor’ context. Analysis of the transfer phase showed that the context-dependent impairment in patients generalized, suggesting that the effect of depression has to be traced to the outcome encoding. Computational model-based results showed that patients displayed higher learning rate for negative compared to positive outcomes (the opposite was true in controls). ConclusionsOur results illustrate that reinforcement learning performances in depression depend on the value of the context. We show that depressive patients have a specific trouble in contexts with an overall negative state value, which in our task is consistent with a negativity bias at the learning rates level.
A roadmap to doing culturally grounded developmental science
Authors: Broesch Tanya , Lew-Levy Sheina , Kärtner Joscha , Kanngiesser Patricia , Kline Michelle Ann
Published: June 2021

This paper provides a roadmap for engaging in cross-cultural, developmental research in practical, ethical and community-engaged ways. To cultivate the flexibility necessary for conducting cross-cultural research, we structure our roadmap as a series of questions that each research program might consider prior to embarking on cross-cultural examinations in developmental science. Within each topic, we focus on the challenges and opportunities inherent to different types of study designs, fieldwork, and collaborations because our collective experience in conducting research in multiple cultural contexts has taught us that there can be no single “best practice”. Here we identify the challenges that are unique to cross-cultural research as well as present a series of recommendations and guidelines. We also bring to the forefront ethical considerations which are rarely encountered in the laboratory context, but which researchers face daily while conducting research in a cultural context which one is not a member. As each research context requires unique solutions to these recurring challenges, we urge researchers to use this set of questions as a starting point, and to expand and tailor the questions and potential solutions with community members to support their own research design or cultural context. This will allow us to move the field towards more inclusive and ethical research practices.
Yukulta and its relatives Kayardild and Lardil
Authors: Round Erich
Published: June 2021

This chapter describes evaluative morphology in Yukulta and its relatives Kayardild and Lardil, in the Tangkic language family of northern Australia.
Accelerated Partner Therapy: optimising an inter-actional contact tracing intervention to reduce chlamydia reinfection
Authors: Pothoulaki Maria , Vojt Gabriele , Mapp Fiona , Owusu Melvina Woode , Symonds Merle , Estcourt Claudia , Flowers Paul
Published: June 2021

Background: A number of interventions have evolved to assist with contact tracing for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) yet absence of theoretical support, detailed description and specific intervention components result in heterogeneous delivery with ambiguous outcomes. This paper reports a process to optimise Accelerated Partner Therapy (APT), a UK partner notification intervention, to reduce chlamydia reinfection.Method: Varied data sources involved an analysis of behavioural elements of existing contact tracing interventions identified through systematic review, a behavioural analysis of videos of APT, a behaviourally informed analysis of qualitative data from 56 patients/public, 30 healthcare professionals (HCPs) and expert input including the use of the APEASE criteria in specifying content for the intervention manual. This involved the theoretical domains framework (TDF), the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) and the Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy (BCTT) to specify potentially useful ways of optimising APT that would enhance engagementResults: The APT intervention was characterised as interactional; involving HCPs, index patients and sex partners. It involved four main delivery steps and eight behavioural domains. Varied barriers and facilitators to engagement with APT were identified and further analysed to optimise APT content. The APEASE criteria were used to select and prioritise content/intervention functions for inclusion in the intervention manual, training materials and all information material to support the delivery of APT for HCP and index patients (videos, leaflets etc.) Discussion The approach outlined here aimed to behaviourally inform APT in order to provide a transparent way of optimising the intervention by specifying its active components and theorising its key mechanisms. We include a supplementary file with the final intervention manual.
Characteristics of the patient with hemodialysis from 26 hospitals in Hanoi by 2020
Authors:   Viet Duc University Hospital, Hoang Giang , Trinh Hong Son ,   Viet Duc University Hospital, Le Thi Kim Nhung ,   Viet Duc University Hospital, Ngo Thi Huyen ,   Viet Duc University Hospital, Vu Thi Hong Van ,   Viet Duc University Hospital, Tran Duc Hung ,   Tam Anh Hospital, Nguyen Duong Hung ,   Tam Anh Hospital, Hoang Van Thong ,   Duc Giang Hospital, Tran Tuan Anh ,   Bai Chay Hospital, Nguyen Van Thanh ,   Bai Chay Hospital, Nguyen Thanh Dat ,   General Hospital of Agriculture, Vu Ta Nam ,   Ha Dong Hospital, Nguyen Huu Sam ,   Xanh Pon Hospital, Ha Trung Chinh ,   Thanh Nhan Hospital
Published: June 2021

A kidney transplant has become an option for many people with end-stage kidney failure. However, not all patients are likely to receive a kidney transplant. This study is conducted to identify some characteristics of patients with renal transplant indications for kidney transplantation from 26 hospitals in Hanoi. According to the research results, in 2020, Hanoi has 3,220 patients on dialysis with the average age of 54, mainly from 46-65, more males than females. More than 95% of the causes of dialysis are chronic glomerulonephritis, hypertension, and diabetes; up to 65% of the dialysis time is over 5 years, blood type O patients account for 43% and 25% of dialysis patients with hepatitis C. Out of a total of 3,220 patients, 2,400 (74%) of patients have indicated a kidney transplant with an average age of nearly 49 years, of which men (55%) are more than women (45%); dialysis time less than 5 years accounts for the highest percentage with 43%, 25% of patients with indicated kidney transplantation are HCV positive; chronic kidney failure due to chronic glomerulonephritis and hypertension, diabetes are two main groups of causes, accounting for 94% of dialysis patients who are indicated for transplant.
Is Clinical Engineering an occupation or profession?
Authors: Yadin David , Calil Saide , Pallikarakis Nicolas , Poluta Mladen , Bergamasco Stefano , Clark Daniel , Judd Tom , Wear James , Fukuta Keiko , Mullally Shauna , Morse Wayne
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we examine the practice level of engineers and discuss whether Clinical Engineering is a profession or an occupation. Many think that occupation and profession are synonyms, but are they? One must explore the difference, if it exists, between these terms, and to accomplish that, clarification of these terms is being offered and established first. We conducted a review of the terms and proceeded to identify if the tenants that are expected to be associated with professional standing are included in applying clinical engineering practices and to what level if it is. Engineering is a profession that improves the quality of living and for the common good. The professional education of engineers requires the education to contain a body of specialized knowledge, problem-solving skills, ethical behavior, and good analytical judgment in the service of all people. The engineering education domains aim to form individuals who are intellectually trained, practically adept, and ethically accountable for their work. Especially within the healthcare delivery system, engineering work engages problem-solving dependent upon sufficient body of knowledge to deal with practical problems by understanding the why, knowing how and identifying the when. There are various levels of the expected body of knowledge within the clinical engineering field ranging from engineers with formal academic training at undergraduate and graduate levels to clinical engineering technologists and technicians having graduated from between 1-4 years of academic training. Engineers may further select to publicly proclaim their adequate preparation and mastering of knowledge to conduct their work through a credentialing process that can confer the term professional, registered, or certified engineer if successfully achieved. Once the differences of working characteristics and obligations between occupation and profession are understood, it is clear that clinical engineers must continuously commit to pursue and fulfill these obligations. Therefore, every professional engineer is called on to achieve a certain degree of intellectual and technical mastery and acquire practical wisdom that brings together the knowledge and skills that best serve a particular purpose for the good of humanity. Clinical engineers and technologists are critical for sustaining the availability of safe, effective, and appropriate technology for patient care. It is as important for their associations to collaborate on compliance with professional obligations that their jobs require.
Continuing Education of Animal Health Professionals in Uganda: A Training Needs Assessment
Authors: Endacott Isabella C. , Ekiri Abel B. , Alafiatayo Ruth , Galipo Erika , Okech Samuel G. , Kasirye Florence M. , Vudriko Patrick , Kalule Francis K. , Whiteside Liesja , Mijten Erik , Varga Gabriel , Cook Alasdair J.C.
Published: June 2021

In Uganda, delivery of veterinary services is vital to animal health and productivity, and is heavily dependent on well-trained and skilled animal health professionals. The purpose of this study was to identify and prioritize areas for refresher training and continuous professional development of animal health professionals (veterinarians and veterinary paraprofessionals), with the overarching aim of improving veterinary service delivery in Uganda. A survey was administered electronically to 311 animal health professionals during the period November 14–30, 2019. Data were collected on relevant parameters including demographics, knowledge on preventive medicine, diagnostics, disease control and treatment, epidemiology, and One Health, as well as participants’ opinions on training priorities, challenges faced, and constraints to veterinary service delivery. Most respondents were veterinarians 26–35 years old, were male, and worked in clinical practice. Lowest perceived knowledge was reported on subjects relating to laboratory diagnostics, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and nutrition. Training topics considered to be of most benefit to respondents included laboratory diagnostics, treatment of common livestock diseases, AMR, and practical clinical skills in reproductive and preventive medicine. Participants preferred to receive training in the form of practical workshops, in-practice training, and external training. This study highlights the need to prioritize training in practical clinical skills, laboratory diagnostics, and AMR. Wet labs and hands-on practical clinical and laboratory skills should be incorporated to enhance training. Provision of targeted and successful trainings will be dependent on the allocation of adequate resources and support by relevant public and private stakeholders across the veterinary sector.
“To Tell It as We Know It”
Authors: Perry Kennetta Hammond
Published: June 2021

This article takes Beverley Bryan, Stella Dadzie, and Suzanne Scafe’s The Heart of the Race (1985) as an invitation to consider the conditions that routinely mark formulations of Brexit Britain as they operated in the lives of Black women in Britain during the early 1980s. It explores how the text engages Black women’s lives as an index of how the welfare state was both structured and experienced in such a way that demarcated racialized internal borders of Britishness, citizenship, and belonging. It also argues for the importance of embedding Black women’s narratives into histories of Brexit’s unfolding.
Boletín Económico Regional: Eje Cafetero, I trimestre de 2021
Authors:   Sección de Sucursales Regionales de Estudios Económicos
Published: June 2021

Durante el primer trimestre de 2021 buena parte de los indicadores económicos del Eje Cafetero crecieron con respecto a igual período del año anterior. Se destacó el aumento de las ventas del comercio interno, la producción industrial, las exportaciones y las importaciones, principalmente de materia prima para la industria; así como las remesas percibidas desde el exterior. También se incrementó el transporte de carga y la construcción, donde sobresalió la dinámica positiva de la comercialización de vivienda nueva, el área aprobada y los despachos de cemento gris. En el sector agropecuario se incrementó el sacrificio de ganado porcino y la producción de huevo, así como los créditos dirigidos al sector; en contraste, bajó el abastecimiento agrícola desde la región. En cuanto al mercado laboral, la tasa de desempleo continuó alta en las tres capitales, mientras la inflación fue superior a la observada a nivel nacional.
Employee work stress based on gender differences during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Syafrizaldi Syafrizaldi
Published: June 2021

This study aims to see employee work stress reviewed from gender differences during the Covid-19 Pandemic. This research involved employees at PT. Saka Mitra Sejati Medan. The results showed that there was a difference in work stress between male and female employees. The statistical calculations of empirical mean scores showed that subjects of the male gender had a lower average empirical mean score of 29.67, while the average empirical mean value of female subjects was 30.47. Thus, during the Pandemic, female employees had higher levels of work stress compared to male employees.
THE MIMICKER OF MALADIES: A SUCCESS STORY
Authors: Shahul S. Aneesa , Chauhan Abhishek Singh , Dwivedi Dharmprakash , Kumar B Rajesh , G Maheshdev
Published: June 2021

Melioidosis is being diagnosed more frequently from Indian subcontinent in the recent days. It is a serious multisystem infection caused by Burkholderi pseudomallei. 1-2 We discuss the case of a 55 year old Diabetic patient, who presented with complaints of fever, cough, breathlessness and loss of weight of one month duration. Due to poor response to conventional treatment, he was further investigated – Bronchoscopy and CT Thorax was done. Bronchial wash and sputum culture confirmed Pulmonary Melioidosis. The patient received treatment with Inj. Ceftazidime and was continued on oral Cotrimoxazole. Treatment was successful with good clinic radiological resolution. The patient is under follow up and is asymptomatic.
Keywords: burkholderia, diabetics, melioidosis, pneumonia
Antagonistic Effects of Suramin Against the Venom of Snake, Echis Carinatus, on the Circulatory System of Developing Chicken Embryos
Authors:   Department of Basic sciences (Pharmacology), School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran., Hajari Zahra , Fathi Behrooz ,   Department of Basic sciences (Pharmacology), School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran., Saadatfar Zohreh ,   Department of Basic sciences (Pharmacology), School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran., Zare Abbas ,   PhD of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Tehran, Iran.
Published: June 2021

Background: The snake, Echis carinatus, one of the most venomous snakes in Asia, possesses a deadly hemotoxic venom. It has been reported that suramin, an anti-trypansomiasis drug, can inhibit the toxic effects of some snake venoms. This study was conducted to evaluate the possible antagonistic effects of suramin against the hemorrhagic activity of the venom from an Iranian snake, Echis carinatus, in developing chicken embryos. Methods: One day old fertile eggs (n=250) were incubated for six days at 37ºC and 60% humidity. Paper discs (5 mm diameter) containing different concentrations of E. carinatus venom (5, 10, 20 & 30 μg) were placed on the chorioallantoic membrane over the major bilateral vein and were left in place until hemorrage occurred and the embryos died. Results: We found the standard hemorrhagic dose (SHD) of E. carinatus venom to be (5 μg/disc). Various concentrations (5, 10 & 20 μg) of suramin were tested against SHD of E. carinatus venom in different protocols. Control experiments were performed with the buffered saline solution, venom and suramin individually. The results demonstrated that suramin at 5, 10 and 20 μg significantly (P<0.05) delayed time to death (717, 521 & 208 min) of embryos poisoned with E. carinatus venom in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: Suramin exerted protective and inhibitory effects against the deadly E. carinatus venom, and therefore, may potentially offer future therapeutic applications against poisoning with E. carinatus venom.
Antioxidant Properties and Effect of Abrus precatorius Leaves Extract on Haematological and Biochemical Parameters in Rats
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria., Mohammad Madaki Fatima , Yusuf Kabiru Adamu ,   Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria., Ogbadoyi Emmanuel Olofu ,   Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria.
Published: June 2021

Background: Abrus precatorius (A. precatorius) is a herbal remedy commonly used in traditional medicine. We investigated the phytochemical, antioxidant, toxic properties, and safety of A. precatorius leaves in rats. Methods: Phytochemical studies were conducted using standard procedures. The antioxidant properties were studied using the reducing power and 2, 2′- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assays. The effect of the extract on biochemical and haematological parameters were evaluated after the oral administration of the extract at daily doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg of the rats’ body weight for 28 days. Results: Saponin was the most abundant (202.25±9.25 mg/100g) while alkaloids (9.69±0.34 mg/100g) were the least phytochemical content of A. precatorius. The extract had an LD50 value of >5000 mg/kg, demonstrating significant reducing power and DPPH scavenging activities (IC50 = 106.22 μg/mL). The extract significantly decreased the serum bilirubin and AST concentrations but increased the total proteins concentration compared with the controls (p<0.05). Urea, creatinine, ALP, ALT, chloride and albumin concentrations in the treated rats were not significantly different from those of the controls (p>0.05). The 600 mg/kg dose significantly increased the Hb, PCV, RBC and MCHC of the treated rats, compared to those of the controls (p<0.05). All doses of the extract tested significantly increased the platelet count but did not alter the counts of MCV, MCH, TWBC, RDW, lymphocyte and neutrophils (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the A. precatorious leaves possess antioxidant and erythropoietic properties. It was also found to be relatively safe with regards to the liver and kidney integrity at concentrations up to 600 mg/kg body weight of the rats.
Para-nonylphenol Toxicity Induces Oxidative Stress and Arrests the Cell Cycle in Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Bone Marrow
Authors:   Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University. Arak, Iran., Abnosi Mohammad Hussein , Masoomi Sina ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University. Arak, Iran.
Published: June 2021

Background: The mechanism of para-nonylphenol (PNP) reducing the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is not known. The present study was designed to investigate the mechanism. Methods: MSCs were extracted under sterile condition from Wistar rat and cultured in DMEM, containing 15 % FBS and penicillin/streptomycin until the 3rd passage, then cells were treated with 0, 0.5 and 2.5 µM of PNP for 5, 10, 15 and 20 days. We studied the viability, proliferation, cell cycle and morphology of the cells. In addition, the concentration of total protein, sodium, potassium and calcium and the activity of metabolic enzymes (ALT, AST and LDH) were determined. Also, induction of oxidative stress was estimated by determining the total antioxidant and MDA levels in addition to the activity of SOD and CAT. Results: The concentrations of PNP caused a significant increase in metabolic enzymes activity and reduced the total protein dose dependently from day 5 to day 20. But only the higher PNP concentration reduced the sodium level and increased the calcium concentration during the treatment period. In addition, we observed a significant decrease in the total antioxidant level and of SOD and CAT activities whereas a significant increase in MDA was seen. Also, PNP stopped the cell cycle at “S” and “G2/M” phases. Conclusion: Para-NP, used in many industries, was able to reduce the viability and proliferation of the MSCs via metabolic and electrolyte imbalance and by induction of oxidative stress and cell cycle disruption.