bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intralymphatic Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase With Vitamin D Supplementation in Recent-Onset Type 1 Diabetes: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Phase IIb Trial
Authors: Ludvigsson Johnny , Sumnik Zdenek , Pelikanova Terezie , Chavez Lia Nattero , Lundberg Elena , Rica Itxaso , Martínez-Brocca Maria A , Adana MariSol Ruiz de , Wahlberg Jeanette , Katsarou Anastasia , Hanas Ragnar , Hernandez Cristina , León Maria Clemente , Gómez-Gila Ana , Lind Marcus , Lozano Marta Ferrer , Sas Theo , Samuelsson Ulf , Pruhova Stepanka , Dietrich Fabricia , Marin Sara Puente , Nordlund Anders , Hannelius Ulf , Casas Rosaura
Published: May 2021

Objectives: To
evaluate the efficacy of intra-lymphatic GAD-alum therapy together with vitamin
D supplementation on preserving endogenous insulin secretion in all patients
with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) or in a genetically pre-specified subgroup.

Research Design and Methods: In a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled
double-blind trial (NCT03345004), 109 patients aged 12-24 (16.4 ± 4.1) years with a diabetes duration of
7-193 (88.8 ± 51.4) days, elevated serum GAD65 autoantibodies (GADA) and a
fasting serum C-peptide >0.12 nmol/L, were recruited. Subjects were randomized
to receive either three intra-lymphatic injections (one month apart) with 4 µg
GAD-alum and oral vitamin D (2000 IE daily for 120 days), or placebo. The primary outcome was the change in stimulated serum
C-peptide (mean area under the curve [AUC] after a mixed-meal tolerance test)
between baseline and 15-month.

Results:

Primary
endpoint was not met in the full analysis set (treatment effect ratio 1.091, CI
0.845-1.408, p = 0.5009). However, GAD-alum treated patients carrying HLA
DR3-DQ2 (n=29, defined as DRB1*03, DQB1*02:01) showed greater preservation of
C-peptide AUC (treatment effect ratio 1.557, CI 1.126-2.153, p = 0.0078) after
15 months compared to placebo individuals with the same genotype (n=17). Several secondary end points showed
supporting trends and a positive effect was seen in partial remission
(IDAA1c≤9, p=0.0310). Minor
transient injection site reactions were reported.

Conclusions: Intra-lymphatic administration of
GAD-alum is a simple, well-tolerated treatment that together with vitamin
D supplementation seems to preserve C-peptide in patients with recent onset T1D carrying
HLA DR3-DQ2. This constitutes a disease modifying treatment for T1D with a
precision medicine approach.
Degree of Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients of COPD Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Shaik Afshan Ali , Lawande Durga
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in India. The development of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in COPD adversely affects survival and exercise capacity and is associated with an increased risk of severe acute exacerbation. Aims and Objectives: Present study aimed to describe the distribution of echocardiographically assessed pulmonary artery systolic pressure in the COPD patients attending pulmonary medicine OPD, to estimate the proportion of PH among such patients and to identify associated factors. Methodology: This Cross sectional study was done on 145 patients of COPD fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in this study. These patients were evaluated for the presence of PH using chest X-ray, 2D-Echocrdiography and electrocardiogram. Results: Pulmonary hypertension was present in 17 (29.8%) patients with moderate, 36 (60%) with severe and 18 (72%) with very severe COPD. Mild PH was seen in 52(73%), moderate in 11(15.4%) and severe in 8(11.2%) patients. Patient exposed to both smoking and biomass fuel smoke had more frequent occurrence of PH (56.8%) as compared to exposure to single risk factor of either tobacco smoke (47.1%) or biomass fuel (52.4%). Thus overall proportion of PH among reported cases of COPD patients was 48.6% in our study. Conclusion: With the increase in severity of COPD the proportion of PH rises. This study emphasizes the early detection of COPD and the importance of screening for PH through clinical assessment and non- invasive techniques 2-D Echocardiography.
Evaluasi Program Bantuan Pembangunan Rumah Layak Huni (Baperlahu): Studi Pada Kabupaten Mesuji Tahun 2019
Authors:   Universitas Lampung, Karin Maharani , Sulistio Eko Budi ,   Universitas Lampung, Prihantika Ita ,   Universitas Lampung
Published: May 2021

The Livable of Housing Development Assistance Program (BAPERLAHU) is a government facility to independently support the implementation of proper housing construction in a healthy and safe environment. The implementation of the housing development assistance program requires community involvement to achieve its main goal, namely to provide habitable housing for low-income people (MBR), the elderly or with disabilities. The purpose of this research is to evaluate how the results of the implementation of the Assistance for the Construction of Livable Houses (BAPERLAHU) program in Mesuji Regency in 2019 and to find out what factors affect the implementation of the program. The research method uses qualitative research, the types of data used are primary and secondary data where data collection uses documentation, observation and interview techniques. The results of the study show that the evaluation of the Livable Housing Development program (BAPERLAHU) in Mesuji Regency in 2019 has been going quite well. In 2019 the Livable Housing Development Assistance (BAPERLAHU) program succeeded in completing 322 unfit for habitation houses (RTLH) in Mesuji Regency. However, there are several factors that affect the implementation of the program, such as the political atmosphere, limited funds allocated, the lack of Community Assistants (TPM), and lack of supervision by the Housing and Settlement Area Office of Mesuji Regency.
KONTRIBUSI PEMIKIRAN MAQASID SYARI'AH THAHIR IBNU ASYUR DALAM HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Effendi Orien
Published: May 2021

AbstractAs time goes by new problems in life always arise. Advances in science and technology have a profound influence on the problems of these new types in today's life. The provisions of Islamic law from previous thinkers seemed to be left behind if not immediately renewed to be able to keep up with the pace of development in times with increasingly diverse new problems. Of course there was nothing wrong with what the Muslim leaders had assembled at the time when formulating an Islamic law to solve the problem, at least what was compiled at that time could still be implemented right now, but a slight adjustment was needed in order to become Islamic law which has legal certainty both in its application as law in a particular group and in its application as public law.
BADAN USAHA MILIK DAERAH SEBAGAI SARANA MEWUJUDKAN OTONOMI DAERAH
Authors: Surahman Surahman , Lasatu Asri , Asriyani Asriyani
Published: May 2021

Establishment of Regional Owned Enterprises (BUMD) An effort to reduce the dependence of local governments on balancing funds from the central government. This Regionally Owned Enterprise is mostly or wholly owned by regions of wealthy regions. This BUMD is a government instrument that has a role to develop the regional and even national economy. The existence of BUMD in successful regional economic activities is a new thing, but has been going on for a long time. The obligation to establish BUMD is to carry out regional development through services to the community, implementing public benefits and increasing the level of local government. The purpose of this study is to determine the legal description of BUMD in taking legal actions and what factors are obstacles for BUMD to achieve their orders. The research method used is normative juridical research method.
Online Peer Assessment in Nurturing Students Writing Skill
Authors: Pradana Mahardhika
Published: May 2021

This study aims to investigate the process of online peer assessment implementation in a writing activity and to find out the students’ responses toward the implementation of online peer assessment in learning writing skills. This research uses a qualitative approach and case study as the research design. The data were collected with the triangulation data by observation, interview, and documentation. Observation checklist, in-depth interview, and documentation used as data retrieval instruments. The subject of this study is an English teacher and students of class XI TKJ 1 at SMKN 1 Rawamerta. The result of this study shows that the implementation of peer assessment in writing skills is very effective to help the students in learning writing and evaluating learning process. Before the implementation of peer assessment, the students were not able to recognize their mistakes in detail, they could only find out about the numerical score, and did not know about how to assess. Based on the result obtained, it is concluded that teaching writing to the students’ responses toward the use of peer assessment was positive. It can be seen from the attitude and enthusiasm. Students agreed that peer assessment is a very effective technique used in writing activities. It can be concluded that online peer assessment can be applied both in writing and speaking as well as an important part of the move towards more forms of participatory learning. There is a need to apply it in the schools and universities since it is more adaptable to modern developments in the assessment of learning outcomes.
possibilidade da cisão dos efeitos da condenação no processo de impeachment presidencial
Authors: Masiero Bruna Gabriela , Andreatta Claudia
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de analisar as condenações proferidas pelo Senado Federal em processos de impeachment presidencial no Brasil, partindo da pena imposta na Constituição Federal de 1988, artigo 52, parágrafo único, que prevê a perda do cargo com inabilitação da função pública por oito anos. Considerando a divergência na aplicação da pena a duas decisões distintas, o caso Fernando Collor de Mello e o caso Dilma Rousseff, questionou-se a possibilidade de fracionamento dos efeitos da pena na condenação. A análise ocorreu de forma exploratória, empregando o método dedutivo, utilizando a técnica de pesquisa por referência bibliográficas, bem como o estudo dos dois casos julgados sob a atual ordem constitucional, para chegar à conclusão que a cisão da pena não foi adequadamente aplicada.
proteção animal e o controle de zoonoses em municípios da região do Alto Uruguai Catarinense
Authors: Hertal Daniela Funkler , Veiga Junior João Carlos Valentim
Published: May 2021

Com o passar dos anos cada vez mais a proteção animal vem assumindo um papel fundamental na sociedade. No Brasil, grande parte das tentativas de criação de abrigos, não obtém sucesso e terminam por nos evidenciar o descaso com o bem-estar animal e com suas necessidades. Há o dever de posicionar-se de forma mais sistemática, com uma visão a partir do próprio animal como indivíduo, levando em conta as particularidades psicológicas e de comportamento, com sua complexidade que foge à nossa total compreensão, a fim de assegurar ao animal de forma efetiva e irredutível as cinco liberdades animais, proporcionando local adequado para que o animal possa manifestar sua essência e seu comportamento natural livre de dores ou sofrimento, além do convívio com outros animais, fornecimento de alimentação adequada e zelar por sua vitalidade. O presente artigo tem como objetivo principal verificar como se dá a proteção animal em municípios da região do Alto Uruguai Catarinense. O método de pesquisa utilizado é o exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, de cunho bibliográfico-documental, ao fazer uso de doutrinas da área do Direito Ambiental, bem como de instrumentos legais de nível federal, estadual e municipal. A partir da análise, pode se constatar que inexiste na região objeto de estudo, uma política de proteção e bem estar animal, assim como pela ausência de legislação regulamentada a temática da proteção e bem estar animal na região de estudo. Ao final, conclui-se que as ações relacionadas aos direitos dos animais por parte do Poder Público, nos municípios pesquisados, são limitadas e pouco incentivadas, elencando-se – por exemplo – a inexistência de abrigos públicos ou centros de controle de zoonoses animais.
recorribilidade das decisões interlocutórias no CPC/2015
Authors: Salvador Gabriela da Silva , Galio Morgana Henicka
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo pretende trazer ao leitor uma visão da nova sistemática do Código de Processo Civil de 2015 com relação à limitação do rol do artigo 1.015 sobre o cabimento do recurso de agravo de instrumento. O problema da pesquisa consiste em investigar se as alterações ocorridas com o advento do Código de Processo Civil de 2015 com relação à recorribilidade das decisões interlocutórias representaram um avanço ou retrocesso da legislação processual sobre o tema. O método aplicado foi através de pesquisa na legislação, visão dos doutrinadores processualistas e ainda jurisprudência de diferentes Tribunais, especialmente do Superior Tribunal de Justiça. Os resultados mostraram que os doutrinadores e magistrados ainda estão divididos quanto à aplicação da alteração, restando uma parte entendendo o rol como taxativo e a outra como meramente exemplificativo, ao mesmo tempo em que doutrinadores entendem como um avanço, pois dessa forma o processo se torna mais célere, outros relatam como um retrocesso, pois o legislador poderá ser prejudicado caso a matéria que precisará ser reformada não estiver expressa no rol do artigo aqui tratado. Em razão da análise realizada pela Corte Superior, conclui-se que se trata de retrocesso, levando o Superior Tribunal de Justiça definir a tese de taxatividade mitigada. O método utilizado será o dedutivo, partindo então de uma premissa geral, chegando ao individual, e concluindo de forma particular sobre o assunto.
Juizado especial cível da comarca de Canoinhas
Authors: Santos Gabrieli Leal dos , Borguezan Danielly
Published: May 2021

Deveras, a Lei 9.099 de 1995, a qual regulamenta os Juizados Especiais Cíveis e Criminais, traz em seu bojo processual princípios que deverão estar presentes em toda a orientação do processo, os quais se encontram elencados no artigo 2º da referida Lei. Considerando que o processo, obrigatoriamente, para se enquadrar no âmbito da lei em comento, necessita ser orientado pela oralidade, simplicidade, informalidade, economia processual e celeridade, buscando sempre a conciliação, relevante se torna a pesquisa a fim de estudar se esses ditames são cumpridos, integralmente. A par disso, o presente trabalho tem por objeto vislumbrar se o Juizado Especial Cível da Comarca de Canoinhas/SC, cumpre, na íntegra, os ditames acima, trazendo a baila uma comparação anual dos últimos dez anos de atuação dessa justiça na Comarca, objeto este inédito no Curso de Direito da Universidade do Contestado – UnC, Campus Canoinhas. Ademais, visa-se analisar se, consequentemente, o Juizado em apreço é apto a desafogar a superlotação do Poder Judiciário. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho se desenvolveu através de pesquisa de campo culminada à teórica, se valendo do caráter exploratório com a aplicação de um questionário contendo perguntas, de caráter predominantemente aberto, aplicado à servidora chefe do cartório do Juizado Especial Cível da Comarca, após ter sido submetido e aprovado pela Plataforma Brasil. Esclarece-se que a pesquisa teve por base o controle interno do Poder Judiciário, SAJ Estatística, e a experiência enfrentada nos anos de atuação da servidora.
Ônus da prova no âmbito das relações de consumo
Authors: Ribas Carlos Eduardo , Moreira Vlademir Vilanova
Published: May 2021

O presente trabalho tem como propósito estudar o instituto da inversão do ônus da prova, notadamente, o instante adequado para aplicação deste dispositivo nas demandas que envolvam relações jurídicas de consumo. Para tanto, a pesquisa aborda conceitos e características atinentes ao direito do consumidor e atividade probatória no processo civil. Busca-se expor os distintos posicionamentos doutrinários e jurisprudenciais acerca da questão em tela, com vistas a incutir debates a respeito do controvertido tema, o qual pende de regramento pelo ordenamento jurídico. No que tange à metodologia, foram utilizados os métodos dedutivo, bibliográfico e documental, englobando pesquisas em leis, doutrinas e jurisprudências alusivas ao tema abordado. Com base nas análises desenvolvidas, depreende-se que a inversão do ônus da prova deverá ser apreciada na fase de saneamento do processo, de sorte que nenhuma das partes litigantes venha a ser prejudicada por decisões judiciais precipitadas ou tardias. O presente estudo mostra-se, de fato, relevante, eis que se dispõe a contribuir para a pacificação da matéria, através de retificações nos dispositivos legais, no sentido de favorecer tanto o consumidor quanto os operadores do direito.
indisponibilidade de ativos financeiros (em excesso) e sua tipificação punitiva frente à nova lei de abuso de autoridade (Lei n. 13.869/2019)
Authors: Alves Jady Adria , Flores Filho Luiz Fernando
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo busca verificar as consequências da aplicação do art. 36 da Lei n. 13.869/2019 que penaliza criminalmente a autoridade judiciária quando da indisponibilidade de ativos financeiros realizada em excesso. Nesse sentido, é de grande relevância que o tema seja analisado pelos Tribunais Superiores e pelo Poder Legislativo, visto que a legislação não traz precisamente o que caracteriza o bloqueio de valores exacerbado ou em excesso e abre uma grande lacuna para prosperar a arbitrariedade judicial. Portanto, a principal razão da escolha do tema em estudo e sua conclusão, é analisar a indeterminabilidade e a imprecisão do tipo penal disposto no art. 36 da Lei n. 13.869/2019, o qual detém grande vagueza (void for vagueness) da conduta passível de punição, as consequências da referida norma para os agentes públicos que a praticam e as mudanças que o referido diploma legal traz no âmbito do judiciário.
combate ao absenteísmo discente promovido pelo Ministério Público na Comarca de Papanduva no ano de 2019
Authors: Silva David Sidney da , Fante Cilmara Corrêa de Lima
Published: May 2021

O presente estudo teve como propósito investigar como o Ministério Público combateu o problema do absenteísmo discente na Comarca de Papanduva, durante o ano de 2019. Para tanto, preliminarmente abordou-se o direito à educação, fundamental e essencial para o desenvolvimento pessoal, econômico e social, juntamente com as diretrizes e tutelas contidas na Constituição Federal e nas Leis 8.069/90 e 9.394/96. Na sequencia, analisou-se a estrutura e atribuições do Ministério Público, seu papel como guardião do direito à educação e o funcionamento do programa APOIA, principal sistema utilizado pelo parquet em casos envolvendo absenteísmo escolar. Após, utilizou-se de dados estatísticos do APOIA relacionados à Comarca de Papanduva, com informações sobre os métodos, motivações e taxa de êxito, culminando em melhor perspectiva acerca da efetividade do programa e da atuação do Ministério Público. A metodologia utilizada foi o método indutivo, através da análise qualitativa e quantitativa, com pesquisa bibliográfica, levantamento e análise de dados estatísticos.
responsabilidade civil por vício oculto do produto em relação ao direito de indenização ao consumidor
Authors: Silva Samantha da , Moreira Vlademir Vilanova
Published: May 2021

Objetivando, através do método dedutivo, esclarecer a problemática de “qual e de quem é a responsabilidade na hora de indenizar o consumidor final de um produto eivado de vício?”, examina-se o instituto da Responsabilidade Civil em relação à obrigação de indenizar o consumidor por vícios ocultos oriundos do produto comercializado. Para melhor entendimento do tema, após breve análise introdutória da Lei Consumerista em relação ao seu papel na defesa do consumidor e acerca de seus direitos básicos, adentra-se no conceito de produto, de seus vícios, derivações e distinções, bem como nos conceitos de fornecedor, fabricante e comerciante, e consumidor final e nos tipos de Responsabilidade Civil sob a ótica do Código de Defesa do Consumidor. Após, analisa-se os direitos e as garantias do consumidor e se a responsabilidade para indenizar o consumidor final de um produto é do fornecedor fabricante ou do fornecedor comerciante, bem como as excludentes de responsabilidade, sob a égide dos estudos constantes do Código de Defesa do Consumidor, do Código Civil, da doutrina e da jurisprudência. Diante do estudo, verificou-se que dever do fornecedor (fabricante ou comerciante) a obrigação de indenizar o consumidor final pelo vício que se apresentou no produto disposto à comercialização, com base na responsabilidade civil objetiva determinada pelo Código de Defesa do Consumidor. Todavia, a caracterização dos danos morais dependerá do caso concreto.
CREAS e adolescente infrator
Authors: Moreira Gabriela dos Santos , Ningeliski Adriane de Oliveira
Published: May 2021

O presente estudo foi realizado de forma qualitativa com o objetivo de avaliar o papel do CREAS na recondução da vida do adolescente em conflito com a lei, papel este fundamental nesse novo caminho a ser trilhado, tendo em vista a condição peculiar de pessoa em desenvolvimento. No fito de demonstrar tal importância foi trazido à baila dados coletados empiricamente de Centros de Referência Especializado de Assistência Social (CREAS) de Santa Catarina e do Paraná os quais aceitaram participar, mediante a informes via e-mail de práticas utilizadas no incentivo ao cumprimento, ou seja, práticas que reforçam o caráter pedagógico das medidas socioeducativas trazidas pelo Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente. Para tanto foi utilizado o método dedutivo como método de abordagem para fim de demonstrar que CREAS como órgão fiscalizador tem papel fundamental no afastamento dos adolescentes em conflito com a lei do mundo da criminalidade e tem papel preponderante no cumprimento das medidas socioeducativas em meio aberto. Em suma, evidencia-se que CREAS com práticas direcionadas e atento ao caráter pedagógico atua positivamente no incentivo do cumprimento das medidas socioeducativas, motivando o aprendizado e novos caminhos para o adolescente.
abandono afetivo inverso
Authors: Levandoski Paula , Ningeliski Adriane de Oliveira
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo tem por finalidade analisar o tema do abandono afetivo inverso no Brasil e a possibilidade de responsabilização civil. Certamente o abandono vivenciado pelos idosos brasileiros merece atenção especial, tendo em vista o envelhecimento da população brasileira, ou seja, com isso o possível aumento de idosos em situação de risco e vulnerabilidade. Portanto, objetiva-se o aprofundamento do tema e a verificação da possibilidade de responsabilização civil dos filhos que cometem o abandono afetivo dos genitores. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo através de pesquisa bibliográfica e doutrinária acerca do tema, utilizando-se do método dedutivo, visto que se parte da premissa que é possível a responsabilização dos filhos a partir do arcabouço legislativo existente. Traz-se como possível conclusão ao tema, que o cuidado com os idosos está cada vez mais em evidência e que a possibilidade da aplicação de punição aos filhos que abandonam seus genitores pode ser considerada, visto que tal prática merece repúdio e deve ser regulada pelo direito.
Banco de dados de DNA sob o prisma da criminologia crítica
Authors: Raldi Alessandra Pereira da Silva , Puhl Eduardo
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar o banco de dados de DNA sob o prisma da teoria do Homem Delinquente de Cesare Lombroso inserido no contexto atual. Pelo fato do banco de dados de DNA ser uma central, onde estão armazenados os materiais genéticos coletados de criminosos condenados pela justiça, à primeira coisa que vem à mente é um possível ressurgimento da teoria do criminoso nato de Cesare Lombroso. Assim, diante da ampliação do banco de dados de DNA, emerge a relevância de um estudo dentro da criminologia crítica, realizando comparações entre a teoria de Lombroso e a criminologia crítica atualmente, no intuito de verificar a compatibilidade do banco de dados de DNA e o Neodeterminismo. O método utilizado de pesquisa foi à revisão bibliográfica comparativa, baseada em doutrinas, leis e teses.
Lei n. 13.784/2019
Authors: Leineker Jeniffer Lethícia , Toporoski Elizeu Luiz
Published: May 2021

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo principal a realização de uma análise acerca dos obstáculos enfrentados pelos Microempreendedores Individuais – MEI, tendo como base a Lei n. 13.784/2019, nomeada como “A Lei da Liberdade Econômica”, que teve sua origem através da Medida Provisória n. 915, de 2019, aprovada pelo Senado em 21 de agosto de 2019. No fito de demonstrar os principais obstáculos enfrentados pelos Microempreendedores Individuas – MEI do município de Mafra/SC, foi trazido à baila dados coletados através do método monográfico ou estudo de caso, utilizando-se ainda o método dedutivo como método de abordagem. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada na plataforma online do Google Formulário, com perguntas específicas na forma de questionário de perguntas, constatando-se a participação espontânea de Microempreendedores Individuais – MEI do município de Mafra/SC. Em suma, evidencia-se que os três principais obstáculos enfrentados atualmente é a dificuldade em conseguir crédito e dinheiro, dificuldade em encontrar fornecedores baratos e confiáveis e dificuldade em planejar e organizar o crescimento da empresa.
Expropriation and the Challenge to Liberal Thought: Multinormative Management of State Intervention beyond the Conflict Liberty vs. Authority: (Brazil, 1826–1930)
Authors: de Almeida Costa Arthur Barrêtto
Published: May 2021

Nineteenth century features the supremacy of the administrative state and the absolutized conception of property, expressing liberalism. By then, lawyers thought of expropriation as a clash between these two values. However, in early twentieth century, as the interventionist state expanded, the public power colludes with private citizens, and the subjects profited from expropriations. This challenged the liberal opposition mentality and was followed by the incorporation of a social conception of property. Throughout one century, the interpretation of expropriation changed as the underlying moral normativity on property changed, prompted by economic modifications, even though the legal texts remained mostly the same.
Multinormativity Emerges From Multilevel Governance. Uses of the Council of Trent in Examinations for Ecclesiastical Benefices in 19th-Century Brazil
Authors: Martins Anna Clara Lehmann
Published: May 2021

I analyse how the Council of Trent was employed in cases of examinations for ecclesiastical benefices in 19th-century Brazil, relying on sources from the Council of State and the Congregation of the Council. Considering the Church within a scenario of multinormativity and multilevel governance, I argue that the interactions for the resolution of ordinary problems conveyed – and even catalysed – different interpretations of legal norms, depending on the agents interacting and the normative conventions adopted. In the case of Imperial Brazil, I suggest the uses of Trent shifted from a convention of amalgam to a convention of separation, with significant nuances.
State Authority and Competing Arrangements in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes/Yugoslavia (1918–1941)
Authors: Kosnica Ivan
Published: May 2021

The author analyses the relations between state authority and the Croatian Peasant Party with its para-state structures in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes/Yugoslavia. Contrary to the significant corpus of the literature on the topic, the author argues that there is still room for research about the relations between state authority and the Croatian Peasant Party and its para-state structures from normativity perspective. The starting point of the research is an argument that the Croatian Peasant Party and its para-state structures formed specific normative order that coexisted with the state normative order within the same social space. The important features analysed are interconnections between these two normative orders and possible implications of multinormativity on state authority and on the HSS and its para-state organizations.
Water Management Within the Soil-Plant System – A Challenge for the 21st Century
Authors: Birkás Márta , Jug Danijel , Kisić Ivica , Kassai Katalin M. , Tarnawa Ákos , Jolánkai Márton
Published: May 2021

Water is the most essential substance regarding the physiological processes of any living system. Agricultural activities and global food security are highly influenced by water availability. The value of water and water resources already exceeds that of energy sources today. The water-related concepts are very diverse in agricultural relations. The aim of this paper was to revive some terms related to water and discuss their importance in soil-plant systems. In this paper, eight phrases were selected paying attention to the importance of water management, namely soil water management, soil moisture range for workability, rain stress, water logging, water shortage, irrigation, water intake and water loss, avoiding water loss and reply to climate change phenomena. Findings of water management research point to a relationship between soil quality and improvement of water intake capacity, parallel with climate stress mitigation.
Development of a Pilot Soil-Water Balance Model for Determination of Probability of a Working Day for Rice Harvesting
Authors: Khani Mahdi , Payman Seyyed Hossein , Pirmoradian Nader
Published: May 2021

The probability of a working day is the ratio of workable days to the total available days in a working season for the intended operation. Soil moisture is the most important limiting factor in terms of rice harvesting. Therefore, to determine the PWD for this operation, a model was developed to estimate the soil moisture based on soil-water balance. To calibrate and validate the model, the soil moisture was monitored in the paddy field of the University of Guilan during the rice harvest seasons in 2017 and 2018. The calibration process was performed by applying a decreasing ratio, i.e. the senescence factor (α), at a daily evapotranspiration rate compared to that of previous day. At the validation stage, the simulated soil moisture contents were compared with measured values, which indicated a good model accuracy (NRMSE = 6.53%) of the soil moisture estimation. Therefore, this model can be used for the rice harvesting operation feasibility evaluation and PWD calculation.
Telecommuting Intensity in the Context of COVID-19 Pandemic: Job Performance and Work-Life Balance
Authors: Alfanza Ma. Theresa
Published: May 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic caused a prolonged and intensified telecommuting arrangement that raised a number of unprecedented concerns regarding its implications on employees’ job performance (JP) and work-life balance (WLB). This study primarily aimed at determining the relationship between telecommuting intensity and employees’ JP and WLB. Further, it sought to know if there was a significant difference in employees’ productivity when working at the office and at home. Lastly, it assessed whether previous frameworks on JP and WLB were still valid during the COVID-19 crisis.

A total of 396 telecommuting employees from three BPO companies in the Philippines were gathered using stratified random sampling. Pearson correlation, T-test, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were executed for this study. The result of this study provides evidence that intensified telecommuting has a negative relationship with employees’ WLB. It means that longer time spent in telecommuting decreases the work-life balance of employees. On the other hand, telecommuting intensity is not significantly correlated with employees’ JP, supporting the second finding that there is no significant difference in the percentage of work done and the amount of time spent to finish a job at home and at the office. Lastly, CFA generated that the frameworks on JP and WLB were still applicable in the context of COVID-19. This study provides managers with findings to more carefully design telecommuting programmes with emphasis on supporting the factors that contribute to employees’ work-life balance.
From Valued Stayers to Working Hands? the Social Consequences of Changing Employment Relations Among Polish Migrants in Farmed Salmon Industry in Rural Norway
Authors: Stachowski Jakub , Rasmussen Bente
Published: May 2021

International migrant workers in European rural regions have supplied rural industries with necessary labour, stimulated the demography of host communities and raised questions about the inclusion of migrants. Using the case of Polish post-accession migrants employed in the farmed salmon industry in rural Norway, we explore the social consequences of changing employment relations in rural industries. By using a temporal perspective, we identify a transition from an inclusive employment regime experienced by the migrants who arrived in the locality within the first years after the EU enlargement in 2004, to an increasingly exploitative, insecure and competitive work environment for recently arrived migrants. We emphasise how employment conditions offered to different ‘waves’ of migrants affect the ways they perceive their status and value in rural hosting communities. Ultimately, we reflect on the potential long-term consequences of international migration to rural areas.
Functional Sequence in Norm Space
Authors: Yamazaki Hiroshi
Published: May 2021

In this article, we formalize in Mizar [1], [2] functional sequences and basic operations on functional sequences in norm space based on [5]. In the first section, we define functional sequence in norm space. In the second section, we define pointwise convergence and prove some related theorems. In the last section we define uniform convergence and limit of functional sequence.
Personality Theory in Gestalt Theoretical Psychotherapy: Kurt Lewin’s Field Theory and his Theory of Systems in Tension Revisited
Authors: Lindorfer Bernadette
Published: May 2021

With regard to the dynamics of human experience and behavior, Gestalt theoretical psychotherapy (GTP) relies mainly on Kurt Lewin’s dynamic field theory of personality. GTP is carried out by including a re-interpretation of Lewin’s theory in some aspects of psychotherapeutic practice in relation to critical realism. Human experience and behavior are understood to be functions of the person and the environment (including the other individuals therein) in a psychic field (life space), which encompasses both of these mutually dependent factors. The anthropological model of this approach is, therefore, not mono-personal but, a priori, structural and relational in nature. It does not one-sidedly focus on the “inner components” of a person, but on the interrelation of the individual and a given environment, which affects experience and behavior. After a brief introduction of these basic concepts, this lecture will focus especially on Lewin’s concept of tension-systems, which may be considered as the Gestalt theoretical counterpart of Freud’s drive theory. Further, we define the basic assumptions which underlie GTP and explain how the person moves through her/his life experience in terms of Gestalt psychology.
Critical Realism: The Epistemic Position of Gestalt Theoretical Psychotherapy
Authors: Sternek Katharina
Published: May 2021

In this contribution, I discuss the relevance of epistemological models for psychotherapy. Despite its importance epistemology is seldom explicitly dealt with in the psychotherapeutic landscape. Based on the presentation of “Critical Realism (CR),” the epistemological position of Gestalt Theoretical Psychotherapy (GTP), I intend to show to which extent this explanatory model supports a differentiated understanding of problems between human beings, arising from the differences in experiencing “reality.” The presentation deals explicitly with some conclusions that can be drawn from the CR model for practical psychotherapeutic work. In particular, the aspects of basic therapeutic attitude, therapeutic relationship, and praxeology are highlighted.
Modelling the Impact of Tillage on Water Quality for Sustainable Agricultural Development in a Savanna Ecological Zone, Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Agaja Toluwalope Mubo , Ajibade Lanre Tajudeen , Agaja Micheal Olufemi
Published: May 2021

The aim of the study was to examine the effects of tillage methods on surface runoff and model the pattern and processes of surface water pollution associated with tillage methods using Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). This model was designed to predict the impact of land management practices on water, sediment, and varying tillage types in watersheds over two planting seasons. Traditional heap (T), Plough/Harrow (PH), Plough/Harrow/Ridge (PHR) and No-tillage (NT) methods commonly used in the study area were applied to experimental plots at Unilorin Teaching and Research Farm and National Center for Agricultural Mechanization, Idofian (Nigeria). Using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), each treatment had three replicates making 12 experimental plots at each location for the 2015 and 2016 planting season. Nine biophysical parameters were purposively selected, examined and modelled. The study revealed that four of nine biophysical factors (sediment yield: 10.54 t/ha; groundwater discharge: 174.45 mm; organic nitrogen: 62.62 kg/ha, and nitrogen in surface runoff: 5.15 kg/ha) were higher for traditional heaps, while three parameters (surface runoff: 374.42 mm; evapotranspiration: 752.78 mm, and soil loss: 1.05 kg/ha) were higher under plough/harrow and plough/harrow/ridge cultivation practices. The study concluded that tillage methods have impact on water quality. However, plough/harrow has comparatively more favorable effect on the contribution to surface runoff. It is therefore recommended that this type of tillage should be adopted to reduce water pollution and for sustainable environment.
Detection of Plastic Greenhouses Using High Resolution Rgb Remote Sensing Data and Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Jakab Balázs , van Leeuwen Boudewijn , Tobak Zalán
Published: May 2021

Agricultural production in greenhouses shows a rapid growth in many parts of the world. This form of intensive farming requires a large amount of water and fertilizers, and can have a severe impact on the environment. The number of greenhouses and their location is important for applications like spatial planning, environmental protection, agricultural statistics and taxation. Therefore, with this study we aim to develop a methodology to detect plastic greenhouses in remote sensing data using machine learning algorithms.

This research presents the results of the use of a convolutional neural network for automatic object detection of plastic greenhouses in high resolution remotely sensed data within a GIS environment with a graphical interface to advanced algorithms. The convolutional neural network is trained with manually digitized greenhouses and RGB images downloaded from Google Earth. The ArcGIS Pro geographic information system provides access to many of the most advanced python-based machine learning environments like Keras – TensorFlow, PyTorch, fastai and Scikit-learn. These libraries can be accessed via a graphical interface within the GIS environment.

Our research evaluated the results of training and inference of three different convolutional neural networks. Experiments were executed with many settings for the backbone models and hyperparameters. The performance of the three models in terms of detection accuracy and time required for training was compared. The model based on the VGG_11 backbone model (with dropout) resulted in an average accuracy of 79.2% with a relatively short training time of 90 minutes, the much more complex DenseNet121 model was trained in 16.5 hours and showed a result of 79.1%, while the ResNet18 based model showed an average accuracy of 83.1% with a training time of 3.5 hours.
Two-dimensional (2D) numerical modelling of rainfall induced overland flow, infiltration and soil erosion: comparison with laboratory rainfall-runoff simulations on a two-directional slope soil flume
Authors: Abrantes João R.C.B. , Simões Nuno E. , de Lima João L.M.P. , Montenegro Abelardo A.A.
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a two-dimensional (2D) numerical model of soil erosion and sediment transport resulting from rainfall induced overland flow. It is a spatial and temporal dynamic model combining physical and empirical laws and comprises: i) An overland flow module that solves the two-dimensional unsteady water flow equations on an infiltrating surface; ii) A soil infiltration module that uses a combined Horton-SCS scheme; and iii) A soil erosion and sediment transport module that solves the two-dimensional sediment transport equation, distinguishing between rill erosion, interrill erosion and sediment deposition.

The performance of the model was evaluated by comparing its results with observed data from laboratory rainfall-runoff experiments on a two-directional 2.00 × 2.00 m2 soil flume set at 1% and 10% slopes in the x- and y-directions, respectively. The x-direction produced remarkably lower runoff and transported sediments than the y-direction. The numerical model significantly underestimated x-direction lower values of runoff and transported sediments. However, in the y-direction the model presented very good performance. Overall, in total terms (x- plus y-direction), the numerically simulated graphs of runoff and sediment transport were in very good agreement with corresponding experimental measurements, demonstrating the laboratory proof-of-concept of the model.
Experimental and numerical investigation of water-surface characteristics at crossing connected non-orthogonally to four flat channels
Authors: Jeong Yong-Wook , Jeong Woochang
Published: May 2021

Most studies on the flood flow characteristics at a crossing focus on channels connected orthogonally or at right angle, but studies on non-orthogonally connected channels remain limited. In this study, hydraulic-model experiments and numerical simulations are performed to analyze the characteristics of the water-surface variation in and around a crossing connected non-orthogonally to four flat channels. Comparison of the measured and simulated water depth distributions in and around the crossing indicates that the results are in relatively good agreement. In the experiment where the angle between two upstream channels is 45°, the water flow pattern in and around the crossing corresponds approximately to Type I proposed by Mignot et al. (2008). However, it was found that there is no any flow type to correspond to the water flow pattern measured in the case of the angle of 135°. For analyzing the variation of the water depth in and around the crossing with inflow, numerical simulation is performed by setting the inflow ratio of the two inlet channels to one, three, and six, respectively.
Covid-19 Impact on Moroccan Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: Can Lean Practices Be an Effective Solution for Getting Out of Crisis?
Authors: Farissi Aicha , Driouach Laila , Zarbane Khalid , Oumami Mohamed El , Beidouri Zitouni
Published: May 2021

The COVID-19 crisis hit the economy hard, it is a global situation of declining activity due to a highly contagious disease which has pushed the world to the brink of a deeper recession than ever. Small and medium-sized enterprises constitute 92% of the Moroccan economic fabric, they are among the organizations most seriously affected by the current pandemic. This paper examines the problems that exist before and during this crisis, in order to raise major challenges and choose the ideal approach that will strengthen the competitiveness of these companies. the analysis is based on secondary data and the literature to demonstrate the different constraints of these companies and to show the importance of lean manufacturing as the guarantor of industrial performance. the main question is how the alignment of Lean principals goes well with the desired improvement and with the constraints posed by this crisis, the primary objective of Lean is to provide the means to succeed and accelerate competitiveness. Finally, these circumstances can be a real opportunity to assist Small and Medium Moroccan companies to integrate the methods they need, and “Lean approach” is one of the best performance solutions to adopt in a post COVID-19.
Sustainable Developement in Logistic – A Strategy for Management in Terms of Green Transport
Authors: Klimecka-Tatar Dorota , Ingaldi Manuela , Obrecht Matevž
Published: May 2021

Supply chain management is one of the most important elements of sustainable development. And due to the fact that the world market is driven by supply and demand, and the determinant of access to products is regional and international logistics, this paper focuses on the possibilities of implementing a green transport strategy in the context of sustainable development in logistic enterprises. This paper presents the results of the SWOT analysis pointing out the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats of green vehicles market for the transport enterprises. It was noticed that the situation on the green vehicles market for the transport enterprises is characterized by the advantage of strengths and these strengths should be used to maximize the use of green vehicles. It emphasized that subsidies for green vehicles would allow to invest in a modern fleet, new solutions (e.g. own charging stations) can have an impact on the greater energy efficiency (self-sufficiency), increase of social awareness would force enterprises to take appropriate actions in the field of environmental protection and development of public transport based on green vehicles.
Multi-Period Age-Discriminated Perishable Inventory
Authors: Alrawabdeh Wasfi
Published: May 2021

In this paper, an extremely short shelf-life inventory of age-discriminated stochastic demand is considered. Age discriminated demand can be found in products of high circulation and short shelf-lives such as dairy products, packaged food, pharmaceutical products and medical products of short shelf lives. Simulation based optimization is considered to find the optimal order quantity. The model employs Discrete Event Simulation along with a modified simulated annealing algorithm. To validate the model and the optimization algorithm, the classical newsvendor problem is tested first, later, different experiments are carried out for different product lifetimes. In contrast to the classical newsvendor, this problem tackles a multi-period inventory of different ages and different demand distributions. The objective is to determine the optimal order quantity to satisfy the stochastic demand of all ages such that shortages and expirations are minimized. The results showed remarkable performance and outstanding minimum levels of shortage and expiration.
Testing of Selected Accuracy Parameters for the Single Axis Positioner at the Automated Workplace
Authors: Vagaš Marek , Semjon Ján , Galajdová Alena , Šimšík Dušan , Rákay Róbert , Šarga Patrik , Višňovský Martin
Published: May 2021

Although some authors realized various measurement techniques and relevant standards in the experimental verification, the existing contributions still did not mention more complex automated workplaces with industrial robotic arm participation. To solve this, we provide a different view of the interconnection between individual devices (positioner, robot, etc.) controlled by third-party methods (Siemens products). Also, to obtain the necessary effectiveness, we tested and verified selected accuracy parameters for the participating device component (positioner). The proposed work tries to fulfill expectations for a precise welding technology (to ensure simultaneous movements of both the industrial robotic arm and positioner) to achieve higher quality and productivity. However, the components are from different manufacturers.