bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Drastic mycorrhizal community shifts in Sceptridium ferns during the generation transition from fully mycoheterotrophic gametophytes to photosynthetic sporophytes
Authors: Suetsugu Kenji , Okada Hidehito , Hirota Shun K. , Yamasaki Michimasa , Imaichi Ryoko , Ebihara Atsushi
Published: December 2024

Many plant species experience a prolonged subterranean phase during which they rely entirely on mycorrhizal fungi for carbon. While this mycoheterotrophic strategy spans liverworts, lycophytes, and ferns, most empirical research has centered on angiosperms.

This study explores the fungal associations of Sceptridium (Ophioglossaceae), an early‐diverging fern with mycoheterotrophic gametophytes. We analyzed germination patterns and fungal associations in Sceptridium gametophytes, comparing them to the distribution and mycorrhizal partners of photosynthetic sporophytes.

High‐throughput sequencing data reveal that mycoheterotrophic gametophytes consistently associate with a single Entrophospora fungus in the order Entrophosporales (Glomeromycotina), while photosynthetic sporophytes primarily partner with fungi from Glomeraceae (Glomerales, Glomeromycotina). Consequently, gametophytes exhibit spatial clustering without association with adult plants. This is the first documentation of an association between Entrophosporaceae (and the order Entrophosporales) and mycoheterotrophic plants.

The drastic shifts in Sceptridium mycorrhizal communities across life stages likely reflect changing physiological needs during development. Further research is essential to determine whether the association with Entrophosporaceae is widespread among mycoheterotrophic species and to elucidate the functional and physiological mechanisms underlying these mycorrhizal shifts.
Gratitude in Context: Proposing the Dyadic Process Model of Interpersonal Gratitude
Authors: Pandelios Alexis , Wong Y. Joel
Published: December 2024

Research has suggested that the quality of gratitude exchanges varies, with some exchanges resulting in positive outcomes and others resulting in null and negative outcomes for intimates. However, a current conceptual model outlining the conditional nature of interpersonal gratitude exchanges is lacking within the literature. In this paper, we introduce the Dyadic Process Model of Interpersonal Gratitude, an updated conceptual model that delineates the boundary conditions of interpersonal gratitude exchanges. Using the model, we propose that the benefits associated with interpersonal gratitude expressions depend on the context in which gratitude operates, articulating the influence of communication factors and contextual factors on interpersonal gratitude exchange outcomes. Drawing from the Dyadic Process Model of Interpersonal Gratitude, we provide implications for future research and gratitude‐based interventions.
Lipschitz‐free spaces over strongly countable‐dimensional spaces and approximation properties
Authors: Talimdjioski Filip
Published: December 2024

Let be a compact, metrisable and strongly countable‐dimensional topological space. Let be the set of all metrics on compatible with its topology, and equip with the topology of uniform convergence, where the metrics are regarded as functions on . We prove that the set of metrics for which the Lipschitz‐free space has the metric approximation property is residual in .
Continuous actions on primitive ideal spaces lift to C*$\mathrm{C}^\ast$‐actions
Authors: Pagliero Matteo
Published: December 2024

We prove that for any second‐countable, locally compact group , any continuous ‐action on the primitive ideal space of a separable, nuclear ‐algebra such that is induced by an action on . As a direct consequence, we establish that every continuous action on the primitive ideal space of a separable, nuclear ‐algebra is induced by an action on a ‐algebra with the same primitive ideal space. Moreover, we discuss an application to the classification of equivariantly ‐stable actions.
Effect of Vanadium-Alloying on Microstructural Evolution and Strengthening Mechanisms of High-Nitrogen Steel Processed by High-Pressure Torsion
Authors: Astafurova E. G. , Maier G. G. , Astafurov S. V.
Published: December 2024

We study the effect of high-pressure torsion on the microstructure, phase composition, microhardness, and strengthening mechanisms of high-nitrogen austenitic steels with different vanadium content: Fe-23Cr-19Mn-0.2C-0.5N, Fe-19Cr-21Mn-1.3V-0.3C-0.8N, and Fe-18Cr-23Mn-2.6V-0.3C-0.8N, wt %. Regardless of the chemical composition of the steels, high-pressure torsion (HPT) causes the refinement of their microstructure due to a high density of dislocations, twin boundaries, and shear bands. Vanadium alloying decreases the stacking fault probability in the structure of the steels and changes their dominating deformation mechanism under high-pressure torsion: from planar dislocation slip and twinning in the vanadium-free steel to dislocation slip with a tendency to shear band formation in the vanadium-alloyed steels. An increase in the vanadium content forces precipitation hardening. Thus, after HPT, the V-alloyed steels have a higher microhardness as compared to the vanadium-free one. Different strengthening factors (strain hardening, solid solution hardening, and precipitation strengthening) govern the value and kinetics of growth of microhardness of the steels processed by high-pressure torsion. Vanadium alloying and increasing its content result in the growth of the contribution of precipitation hardening and decreases strain hardening of high-nitrogen steels.
Association ofAPOEgenotype with CT markers of cerebral amyloid angiopathy in spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage
Authors: Yang Qiong , Zeng Xiangzhu , Tang Lu , Liu Xiaolu , Xia Kailin , Gao Feng , Huang Xu , Li Nan , Fan Dongsheng
Published: December 2024

Background and objective

We investigated the association ofAPOEalleles with CT-based cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) markers including subarachnoid extension (SAE) and finger-like projection (FLP).

Methods

We included patients with acute primary supratentorial intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) from a multicentre cohort in China. First, the association ofAPOEwith ICH location (lobar vs non-lobar) was evaluated. Next, the relationships ofAPOEwith SAE, FLP, and the coexistence of the two (SAE+FLP) were evaluated.

Results

533 patients with supratentorial ICH were enrolled. Among them were 138 patients with lobar ICH and 395 with non-lobar ICH. Compared with the non-lobar group,APOEε4 (OR 1.894, 95% CI 1.138 to 3.154, p=0.014) and ε2/ε4 (OR 6.098, 95% CI 1.414 to 26.293, p=0.015) were associated with lobar ICH. With regard to CAA markers,APOEε2 was associated with SAE (OR 2.109, 95% CI 1.167 to 3.810, p=0.013), ε4 was associated with FLP and SAE+FLP (OR 3.026, 95% CI 1.353 to 6.767, p=0.007; OR 3.514, 95% CI 1.485 to 8.316, p=0.004, respectively) and ε2/ε4 was associated with all three factors (SAH: OR 7.599, 95% CI 1.764 to 32.734, p=0.006; FLP: OR 20.333, 95% CI 3.278 to 126.137, p=0.001; SAE+FLP: OR 30.568, 95% CI 4.460 to 209.503, p<0.001) after adjusting for age, and remained significant after adjusting for age and ICH volume.

Conclusion

In patients with spontaneous supratentorial ICH,APOEε2 and ε4 alleles were associated with SAE and FLP, respectively, suggestingAPOEallele-specific effects on CT markers of CAA and their potential mechanisms.
Features of gifted teenagers’ representations of a person in a digital society
Authors: Shumakova N.B. , Nurieva G.R.
Published: December 2024

Background. Subjective representations mediate people’s perception and comprehension of the world, influencing their activity and behavior. The study analyzes the subjective representations of modern teenagers about a person in a digital society, which are of great importance for their socialization and life plans.
Objective. To study the specifics of representations of a person in a digital society in the gifted adolescents compared to those of their normotypic peers.
Study Participants. 110 students of grades 7-–10 aged 13-–16 years (m. = 57, f. = 53), including 56 schoolchildren selected by the Center for gifted children support “"Strategy”" in Lipetsk for their achievements in physics and math and 54 pupils of general education schools in Moscow.
Methods. Data collection was carried out using the modified projective technique “"Bubbles”".
Results. It is shown that intellectually gifted adolescents are significantly more likely than their normotypic peers to endow a person of a digital society with intellectual, motivational, and professional characteristics, describing him as intelligent, educated, purposeful, with high level of digital literacy, able to use the latest technologies, whereas normotypic adolescents are significantly more likely to characterize him in terms of external features: clothing, physique and lifestyle, describing him as fashionable, athletic or, on the contrary, untidy, fond of playing computer games, walking, etc. It was also found that gifted teenagers are significantly more likely than their peers to describe a person in a digital society as lonely and friendless.
Conclusions. The gifted teenagers’ representations of a person in a digital society are more diverse, meaningful, and differentiated than those of their normotypic peers, and are also characterized by meaningful features. The data analysis allowed to identify a “"problem area”" specific for the gifted adolescents, indicating their experience of loneliness and difficulties in communicating and finding friends, deficits in carrying out their leading activities.
The problem of musical experience and intonation theory of music
Authors: Ailamazyan Aida M. , Savchenko Nina L.
Published: December 2024

Background. Despite the growing interest in the field of music psychology, the problem of musical experience remains the least developed. Psychological studies take into account the subjective side of musical experience, but usually leave aside the correlation between the characteristics of perception and the actual musical meanings. The works of musicologists, in their turn, reflect the relationship between experience and the structural features of the form of a musical work.
Objective. The study has two aims: 1) to provide a theoretical and methodological analysis of ideas about musical experience in the psychological and musicological traditions, 2) to consider the intonation theory of music and show its relevance for the psychological studies of musical experience.
Methods. A comparative analysis of the concepts of musical perception and experience in the intonational music theory and psychological theories.
Results. Presented analysis allowed to formulate the main features of musical experience, identified on the basis of musicological works. The perception of a musical work is based on the musical form as well as intonation, which allows to conclude that musical experience, on the one hand, is procedural and, on the other hand, is characterized by integrity determined by the meaning of the musical work behind it.
Conclusions. The reference to the description of musical experience in the works of musicologists developing the intonation theory of music allows to approach a theoretical comprehension of musical experience as an activity of understanding the meanings of a musical work based on the intonation hearing and perception of intonation development in music. The study highlighted the grounds for characterizing musical experience: fragmentarity — integrity, subjectivity — reflection of the meanings of the musical work, uncertainty of emotional response — differentiated emotional experience, static character — perception of dynamics in music.
Assessment of the effectiveness of measures to preserve, strengthen, and restore mental health and psychological well-being of specialists of EMERCOM of Russia
Authors: Shoigu Julia S. , Tarasova Anastasia А.
Published: December 2024

Background. Maintaining mental health and psychological well-being of the specialists of EMERCOM of Russia requires, along with implementation of measures for the rapid restoration of their working capacity, also the development of their self-regulation skills by means of training with the use of special psychophysiological equipment. In this regard, it is necessary to assess the effectiveness of measures for psychological prevention and psychological correction carried out with EMERCOM specialists by means of special psychophysiological equipment.
Objective. Systematization and analysis of data on psychophysiological parameters and subjective self-assessment of the specialists of EMERCOM to assess the effectiveness of psychological prevention and psychological correction programs.
Study Participants. The study analyzed 5865 programs, of which 5117 programs were conducted as a part of psychological prevention activities (one-day programs) and 748 programs for psychological correction.
Methods. The study implemented psychophysiological methods of diagnostics of functional state and the questionnaire method. Empirical data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon T-test and descriptive analysis.
Results. An empirical study on the evaluation of psychological prevention and psychological correction programs demonstrated an improvement in the functional state of EMERCOM specialists after participating in the programs not only according to subjective assessments, but also according to psychophysiological indicators, which shows the compliance of the programs with the stated goals.
Conclusions. The results obtained make it possible to apply algorithms of psychological prevention and psychological correction programs systematically and comprehensively in order to restore and preserve mental health and psychological well-being of EMERCOM specialists.
Methodological analysis of the concept of “generation” in social psychology: classical, non-classical, and post-non-classical theories of generations
Authors: Tychinina Maria I. , Rikel Aleхandеr M.
Published: December 2024

Background. The study systematized methodological foundations of socio-psychological research of generations. Crucial issues are the pluralistic definition of the concept of “generation” in psychological science, the lack of methodological argumentation for the small samples in the qualitative research applied in the area, and the need to correlate different methodological positions in the process of cognition.
Objective. To identify operationalization of the concept of “generation” in the classical, non-classical, and post-non-classical type of scientific rationality in order to define the methodological perspective (subject, methods) of the socio-psychological research.
Methods. Deductive, analytical-synthetic.
Results. To be applicable for the socio-psychological research, a “generation” can be defined as an object of non-classical science — a large group of peers socializing in the same historical context and acquiring similar psychological characteristics, and also as an object of post-non-classical science — an eventful biography-narrative or symbolic system (symbols, discourse) formed in the contemporaries’ communicative field in a given period of time. The post-non-classical understanding of generation provides the arguments for obtaining valid results by qualitative methods (with in-depth data and non-mass, sufficient samples of relevant cases), which are aimed at restoring the meanings and senses reflected in the generation language and universal for its representatives. The definition of generation as a cohort, age stratum of society, or genetic generation in classical theories carries the risk of replacing the object with a non-socio-psychological one, shifting it to other areas of science (developmental psychology, psychogenetics, demography).
Conclusions. The study identified the features of classical, non-classical, and post-non-classical theories of generations — operationalization of “generation”, patterns of generational change (linear, cyclical, chaotic), possible subject and methods of research. Intergroup research plans yield valid results with non-classical and post-non-classical interpretations of generation.
Collective creative etude in developing literary education
Authors: Novlyanskaya Zinaida N.
Published: December 2024

Вackground. The article is devoted to one of the organizational forms of teaching created for a fundamentally new course of literature at school. The course was developed by G.N. Kudina and Z.N. Novlyanskaya in line with the system of developmental education by D.B. Elkonin and V.V. Davydov and is based on the theoretical position of M.M. Bakhtin on the relationship between the author and the reader of a literary work as a specific correspondence dialogue. From this point of view, each of the participants in this dialogue is supposed to have the experience of «being» in the place of the other: the author is to be a reader, and the reader — to be an author. Therefore, the positional teaching method serves as the methodological basis for the new course, which allows to build the process of children training as their engagement into 2 main positions: the author's and the reader's ones, and to ensure the possibility of moving from one position to another. The need for early engagement of children into the author's position requires developing the new types of training that are not typical for traditional education. One of them is a collective creative etude.
Objective. To substantiate, describe, and illustrate with typical examples the process of conducting collective creative etudes with schoolchildren of the 2nd and 3rd grades. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the new type of training for mastering the author's position, for developing children's ability to transform life impressions into verbal art images and for their transition to individual creativity.
Results. The article provides an analysis of two collective etudes: the one connected with the perception of reality object, and the other — with the development of cultural forms of the verbal creativity. As a result of such activities children learn to select and transform life impressions in accordance with their plot, to embody them in an adequate cultural form, for example — in the form of a riddle. It is shown that a collective creative etude contributes to the emergence and implementation of individual creative ideas and the development of the author's position in the primary schoolchildren.
Conclusions. A collective creative etude is an effective “pre-action” for the subsequent independent activity of a child in the author's position. It promotes the awakening of children's “creative initiative”, their ability to find material for the adequate embodiment of a creative idea in the life phenomena. It also opens the way to the assimilation of the author's position and to successful attempts in individual creativity.
Analogy to help learn and understand the second law of thermodynamics, entropy, entropy generation, irreversibility, and power cycles
Authors: Costa V. A. F.
Published: December 2024

Teaching and learning Thermodynamics have challenges. Energy and the First Law as the Energy Conservation Principle are usually well accepted. This is not the case with the Second Law, entropy, entropy generation, and the consequences of the Second Law. Analogies can be used to help learn and understand the Second Law of Thermodynamics, entropy, entropy generation, irreversibility, and power cycles. The present work proposes a Thermodynamics-Economics analogy. The analog of heat transfer (flowing in the decreasing temperature direction, driven by a temperature difference) is the traded merchandise transfer (flowing in the increasing unit price direction) in normal trading operations. Developments start with the economic analog of Clausius inequality. The analog of entropy is the merchandise financial value, and the analog of the entropy generation is the financial value generation. Irreversibility is associated with entropy generation, and economic irreversibility is related to economic entropy (financial value) generation. The reversible and irreversible power cycles also have their economic analogs. The irreversibility associated with heat transfer through a finite temperature difference also has its economic analog. The economic Second Law developments are more familiar to students and more easily understandable, which can help them learn the Second Law of Thermodynamics and its implications.
Gross motor delays in infants and young boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Lowes Linda P. , Reash Natalie F. , Iammarino Megan A. , Connolly Anne M. , Pietruszewski Lindsay , Smith Melissa A. , Peng Jing , Steiner Christopher L. , Tsao Chang-Yong , Waldrop Megan A. , Flanigan Kevin M. , Chagat Shannon , Meyer Alayne P. , Mendell Jerry R. , Alfano Lindsay N.
Published: December 2024

Background

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), an X-linked progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is being added to required universal screening programs for newborns in the United States. It is estimated that this will result in around 880 patients presenting at clinics in infancy. Very little is known about the early gross motor abilities in infants and young boys with DMD.

Objective

Describe the early gross motor skill acquisition in boys in our clinic with DMD.

Methods

Between the years 2016 and 2024, 90 boys with DMD under the age of 6 years (2 months – 5 years 10 months at their first visit) were evaluated as part of their standard of care during regularly scheduled clinic visits using the using the Bayley Scales of Infant & Toddler Development, Third Edition (Bayley-III). Forty-seven boys were seen in clinic longitudinally with two to six follow up visits for a total of 129 assessments.

Results

Ninety four percent of the boys with DMD seen in our clinic demonstrated delays in gross motor skills across the age span when compared with normative controls. None of the boys reached a ceiling on the Bayley-III despite being older than the intended age range of the test.

Conclusions

Our clinic data showed an almost universal gross motor delay in infants and toddlers that did not diminish over time.
Asymptomatic and oligosymptomatic states of dysferlinopathy
Authors: Bardakov Sergey N , Deev Roman V , Tsargush Vadim A , Kaimonov Vladimir S , Musatova Elizaveta V , Blagodatskikh Konstantin A , Tveleneva Aleksandra A , Sofronova Yana V , Suslov Vasiliy M , Carlier Pierre G , Kurbatov Sergey A , Yakovlev Ivan A , Umakhanova Zoya R , Isaev Artur A
Published: December 2024

Dysferlinopathy is a phenotypically heterogeneous, inherited, progressive muscular dystrophy caused by mutations in the DYSF gene. Dysferlinopathy is marked by elevated serum creatine kinase (CK) and can in some cases manifest as hyperCKemia in asymptomatic or low-symptom states. Here, we describe the clinical signs and symptoms and laboratory and imaging results with quantitative MRI analysis of eight pediatric patients at asymptomatic and oligosymptomatic states of dysferlinopathy (aged 3–14 years). Seven of them with a same homozygous mutation and one with a compound heterozygous mutation in the DYSF gene. Based on this case series, we propose two stages of dysferlinopathy disease progression. The first state is asymptomatic hyperCKemia laboratory syndrome of myocytolysis, which is marked by an increase in CK (>1.5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN)) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH). Second state (oligosymptomatic): increasing CK (2.7–12.6 × ULN), LDH, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and myoglobin; minimal or moderate signs of fatty muscle infiltration, displacement of the center of support to the back of the foot during plantography; slight afterload fatigue of the calf muscles; slight decrease in muscle strength (imperceptible to the patient) and decrease in Achilles reflexes. Taken together, isolated hyperCKemia (asymptomatic stage) and oligosymptomatic patients form a single continuum of pre-manifest cases.
Digital outcome measures in Duchene muscular dystrophy: Lessons learnt from clinical trials
Authors: González Barral Camila , Servais Laurent
Published: December 2024

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a severe neuromuscular disorder characterized by progressive muscle degeneration resulting from mutations in the dystrophin gene. Digital outcome measures offer a promising alternative to traditional outcome measures used in clinical trials. This review explores the development and application of digital outcome measures in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, emphasizing the feasibility, reliability, sensitivity, and validity of these measures. The stride velocity 95th centile has been validated as a robust endpoint and has been approved for use in clinical evaluation of drugs for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy by the European Medicines Agency. Although digital outcome measures have the potential to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of clinical trials, challenges such as limited sample sizes and patient compliance persist. The integration of artificial intelligence into the data analysis is in progress, but further validation is required before these analysis strategies can be incorporated into future clinical trial methodologies.
Newborn screening and rapid genomic diagnosis of neuromuscular diseases
Authors: Dangouloff Tamara , Lang Helena , Benmhammed Noor , Servais Laurent
Published: December 2024

Background

In recent years, treatments have been approved for certain neuromuscular diseases. In some cases, early pre-symptomatic treatment is necessary for optimal response, and thus newborn screening is critical.

Objective

To review the current status of newborn screening programs for neuromuscular diseases and early diagnosis through genetic testing.

Methods

Following the PRISMA guidelines, a literature search was performed on PubMed for screening of neuromuscular diseases; the search was conducted on literature available as of 1 May 2024.

Results

Included were 77 articles on newborn screening for seven diseases: spinal muscular atrophy (19 studies), Duchenne muscular dystrophy (15), Pompe disease (20), X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (14), Krabbe disease (6), metachromatic leukodystrophy (2), and myotonic dystrophy 1 (1). Ten articles on rapid genomic diagnosis were identified.

Conclusion

Since 2021, newborn screening programs for neuromuscular diseases have been established, notably in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, spinal muscular atrophy, Pompe disease, and Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Even in diseases where treatment is currently not life-changing, such as Krabbe disease, new newborn screening programs continue to be implemented, especially in the USA. The use of genetic diagnostic tests does not yet appear to be widespread or at least not widely reported. As new treatments become available, genomic newborn screening programs will need to be rapidly and broadly implemented.
A progranulin gene deletion in frontotemporal lobar degeneration with corticobasal syndrome in a TREDEM case report
Authors: Gallucci Maurizio , Da Ronch Chiara , Bendini Matteo , Fiore Vittorio , Turolla Licia , Ferrarini Moreno , Fabrizi Gian Maria , Tiraboschi Pietro
Published: December 2024

Background

Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia usually presents with behavioral and personality changes, social disinhibition, apathy, and lack of empathy, and is characterized by atrophy of the frontal and temporal lobes. Corticobasal syndrome is characterized by asymmetrical involuntary movements, rigidity, apraxia, tremor, dystonia, and cortical sensory deficits.

Objective

We present the case of a 59-year-old patient with a frontotemporal presentation and parkinsonism linked to progranulin gene deletion. We also report the clinical workup needed to reach the diagnosis.

Methods

Clinical, neuropsychological, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose and 18F-Flutemetamol positron emission tomography (PET), dopamine-transporter-single-photon emission computed tomography imaging, electroencephalography, and genetic evaluations were conducted.

Results

Our patient presented initially with executive and mnesic deficits along with the presence of apathy and loss of autonomy. Subsequently the cognitive deficits became associated with parkinsonian-like movement disorders and apraxia. Structural images showed right onset temporal and insular atrophy, and the PET images demonstrated right frontotemporal hypometabolism and the absence of amyloid in the cortex. The molecular analysis revealed a heterozygous deletion c.813_816delCACT on the GRN gene. This variant has been reported in the literature as pathogenic and associated with autosomal dominant frontotemporal dementia and corticobasal degeneration. Our patient presented different clinical features than those of the members of the families already described. In these families, some patients either presented immediately with motor syndrome with extrapyramidal features, or never developed extrapyramidal signs. Some subjects presented prevalent language dysfunction while others never presented memory disorders.

Conclusions

The clinical case highlights the phenotypic variability of this entity.
Metabolomic profiling of germinated and non-germinated Lablab purpureus seeds: antioxidant properties and α-amylase inhibitory activities for diabetes management
Authors: Solanki Komal , Abhyankar Krutika Saurabh
Published: December 2024

Diabetes is characterized by prolonged hyperglycemia and disruptions in carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism, stemming from inadequate insulin production, impaired insulin receptor functioning, or a combination of both. Conventional diabetes medications like biguanides and sulphonylureas, are widely used and raise concerns about potential side effects with prolonged usage. In this context, legumes emerge as promising candidates due to their significance in traditional diets globally and associated health benefits. Despite being challenging to digest due to anti-nutritive factors, germination, a simple bioprocessing technique, significantly enhances nutritional aspect of the seeds. This study focuses on Lablab purpureus, an underutilized legume, employing a metabolomic approach to explore compounds in germinated and non-germinated seeds. Metabolomic profiling identified 125 compounds in non-germinated and 80 compounds in germinated seeds, revealing unique compounds in each type with potential health benefits. The study identified therapeutically important metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and saponin in both the germinated and non-germinated seeds. A notable change in the phytochemical composition (total phenol, flavonoid, and total ascorbic acid content) of germinated seeds was observed compared to the non-germinated seeds flour. An increased fold change (1.15, 1.5 and 1.65) was observed in the total phenol, flavonoid, and total ascorbic acid content in germinated seeds compared to non-germinated seeds, alongside higher antioxidant levels in terms of DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP. The IC50 value for α-amylase inhibitory activity was noted to be 2.05 ± 0.05 mg/ml in germinated samples while 0.79 ± 0.00 mg/ml was observed in the non-germinated Lablab purpureus seeds. Therefore, displaying greater α-amylase inhibitory activity in the non-germinated seeds, possibly due to their unique biochemical composition. Nevertheless, even germinated seeds demonstrated appreciable α-amylase inhibitory activity. Therefore, these findings suggest that germination process significantly influences seed biochemistry and helps to raise the phytochemical composition, while the unique composition of the metabolites in the non-germinated seeds could have impact on the α-amylase inhibitory activity. Thus, study suggests Lablab purpureus as a promising functional food source with diverse health-promoting attributes, particularly in diabetes management.

Graphical Abstract
Phase II Study of Acalabrutinib, Venetoclax, and Obinutuzumab in a Treatment-Naïve Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Population Enriched for High-Risk Disease
Authors: Davids Matthew S. , Ryan Christine E. , Lampson Benjamin L. , Ren Yue , Tyekucheva Svitlana , Fernandes Stacey M. , Crombie Jennifer L. , Kim Austin I. , Weinstock Matthew , Montegaard Josie , Walker Heather A. , Greenman Claire , Patterson Victoria , Jacobson Caron A. , LaCasce Ann S. , Armand Philippe , Fisher David C. , Lo Steve , Olszewski Adam J. , Arnason Jon E. , Ahn Inhye E. , Brown Jennifer R.
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE

The AMPLIFY trial recently established fixed-duration acalabrutinib, venetoclax, and obinutuzumab (AVO) as a new standard-of-care option for patients with previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with wild-type
TP53
; however, due to the chemoimmunotherapy control arm, AMPLIFY excluded patients with high-risk
TP53
aberration, for whom current standards of care are continuous Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy or alternatively fixed-duration venetoclax-based doublets. AVO has not previously been evaluated in patients with CLL with
TP53
aberration.

METHODS

This investigator-sponsored, multicenter, phase II study enrolled patients with treatment-naïve CLL enriched for high-risk CLL, defined by
TP53
aberration (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:
NCT03580928
). Patients received acalabrutinib, obinutuzumab, and then venetoclax, with each treatment introduced sequentially and in combination, with the duration guided by measurable residual disease (MRD). Patients who achieved undetectable MRD (uMRD) after either 15 or 24 cycles could discontinue treatment. The primary end point was complete remission (CR) with bone marrow uMRD (BM-uMRD) at the start of cycle 16.

RESULTS

Seventy-two patients were accrued, including 45 patients with
TP53
aberration. The CR with BM-uMRD rates at the start of cycle 16 were 42% in patients with
TP53
aberration and 42% in all-comers, and the BM-uMRD rates were 71% and 78%, respectively. Hematologic toxicities were mainly low grade, and cardiovascular toxicities and bleeding complications were infrequent. After a median follow-up of 55.2 months, 10 patients had progressed, including four with transformation, and three patients died. Four-year progression-free survival and overall survival for patients with or without
TP53
aberration were 70%/96% and 88%/100%, respectively.

CONCLUSION

AVO was highly active and well tolerated in patients with previously untreated high-risk CLL, supporting its use as a new standard-of-care treatment option.
Keep Calm and Let Books Be Your Guide
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Vinnik Evgeniya
Published: December 2024

Настоящее учебное пособие по английскому языку разработано на основе двух аутентичных произведений современной американской прозы: «Ход королевы» Уолтера Тевиса и «Клуб любителей книг и пирогов из картофельных очистков» Мэри Энн Шаффер и Энни Барроуз. Пособие состоит из двух модулей, каждый из которых предваряется вступлением (Before reading), где приводится краткая биографическая сводка об авторе произведения и предлагается выполнить упражнения и ответить на вопросы аудирования. Далее в разделе (While reading) внимание уделяется лексическим, грамматическим и речевым упражнениям. В заключительной части (After reading) содержатся упражнения и вопросы для самопроверки, и творческие задания/ темы для написания эссе. Пособие завершается перечнем использованных и рекомендуемых источников, списком-фильмотекой, ключами к вопросам по аудированию и полным списком вокабуляра к романам. Особое внимание уделяется историческому контексту и темам саморазвития и преодоления трудностей, отраженных в романах.
Пособие будет интересно всем, кто изучает английский язык самостоятельно или с преподавателем. Рекомендуется студентам с уровнем подготовки В1-В2.
Trabecular metal collars in endoprosthetic replacements: do they osseointegrate?
Authors: Fraser Ewen , Spence Stephanie , Farhan-Alanie Omer M. , Doonan James , Mahendra Ashish , Gupta Sanjay
Published: December 2024

Aims

Limb salvage surgery (LSS) is the primary treatment option for primary bone malignancy. It involves the removal of bone and tissue, followed by reconstruction with endoprosthetic replacements (EPRs) to prevent amputation. Trabecular metal (TM) collars have been developed to encourage bone ingrowth (osseointegration (OI)) into EPRs. The primary aim of this study was to assess whether OI occurs when TM collars are used in EPRs for tumour.

Methods

A total of 124 patients from July 2010 to August 2021 who underwent an EPR for tumour under the West of Scotland orthopaedic oncology team were identified. Overall, 81 patients (65%) met the inclusion criteria, and two consultants independently analyzed radiographs at three and 12 months, as well as the last radiograph, using a modified version of the Stanford Radiological Assessment System.

Results

OI of the TM collar occurred in approximately 65% of patients at last radiograph. The percentage of patients with OI at three months (65.4%) reflected the 12-month (65%) and long-term (64.4%) follow-up. The median amount of OI across all radiographs was one at all three timepoints, with only five cases (11.1%) showing OI in all four zones at last radiograph. Radiolucency at the bone:collar junction was present in 23 cases (28.4%) at three months, but only four (6.7%) showed progression of this at 12 months. The interobserver reliability was found to be highly reliable in all parameters (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

OI occurs in approximately 65% of TM collars, and is similar at three months, 12 months, and last radiograph. The extent of OI at the bone:collar junction was found to have decreased at longer-term follow-up. Furthermore, radiolucency at the bone-collar impact junction does occur in some patients but only a low number will show radiolucency progression at longer-term follow-up.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(12):1092–1100.
Multispectral radiometric thermometry inversion algorithm using multisource information fusion
Authors: Zhang Nannan , Liu Yitong , Xing Jian , Cui Shuanglong , Wang Lingzhi
Published: December 2024

This paper proposes a multispectral temperature measurement method integrating multiple information sources to address inaccuracies in target temperature measurements in multispectral thermometry when emissivity is unknown. This algorithm leverages convolutional neural networks for image recognition to convert one-dimensional voltage data into two-dimensional voltage spectral images. To enhance accuracy, it combines emissivity trend inversion with emissivity constraint algorithms. Additionally, a temperature-constraint function algorithm is incorporated to improve the computational speed. Through simulation experiments and comparative tests, the algorithm achieved a relative error below 0.08% and an absolute error below 2 K within a temperature range of 1000 to 4000 K, with an average runtime under 5 ms. The experimental results demonstrate that the method not only addresses efficiency issues in multispectral thermometry but also enhances temperature measurement accuracy, providing crucial technical support for industrial applications of multispectral thermometry.
Signal demodulation method based on a temporal-convolution feature fusion network for an ultraviolet communication OOK-NOMA system
Authors: Hao Rui , Wang Jianping , Chen Danyang , Lu Huimin , Jin Jianli
Published: December 2024

In this paper, a demodulation method based on a temporal-convolutional feature fusion network (TCFFN) is proposed for the non-line-of-sight (NLOS) ultraviolet communication (UVC) system. The TCFFN extracts the temporal features and the local features of the signals, offering strong adaptability to inter-symbol interference (ISI) caused by channel scattering. By evaluating a single-user and dual-user UVC on-off keying non-orthogonal multiple access (OOK-NOMA) systems, the results demonstrate that the TCFFN demodulator supports the higher rate transmission of NLOS UVC system compared with the static threshold (ST) demodulator and the minimum mean square error (MMSE) equalizer. In the dual-user scenario, the reliable communication rate with TCFFN reaches 8 Mbps in both the coplanar and the first non-coplanar configuration, and 4 Mbps in the second non-coplanar configuration, while the system bit error rate (BER) fails to reach the forward error correction (FEC) with using neither ST nor MMSE.
The Advanced Practice Nurse: A Path Forward to Achieve Universal Health Coverage
Authors:   Columbia University School of Nursing, Honig Judy
Published: December 2024

N.A
A framework for evaluating online learning in an ecology of sustainable innovation
Authors: Bradford George , Kehrwald Ben , Dinmore Stuart
Published: December 2024

In this session, a conceptualized framework is presented to provide an organization a tool by which to self-evaluate their online learning initiative. The tool is a methodology that leverages Ellis and Goodyear's framework, as well as leverages activity theory (Cole & Engeström, 1993), and a new categorization of online learning as described by Norberg, Dziuban, and Moskal (2011). The methodology is presented in sufficient detail to permit application to most any online learning implementation. A case study will be forthcoming, as this framework will be initiated in 2012 at the University of South Australia.
Blogging
Authors: Abas Suriati
Published: December 2024

This paper documents how children embed multimodality in their journal entries using blogs. Multimodality is the combination of semiotic modes that may include spoken language(s), written language(s), static or moving images and music. Each of them generally offers opportunities for the construction of meaning. In this research, a case study approach was employed to gain an in-depth understanding of multimodality and meaning-making. The data is collected using classroom observations, textual analysis of similar journal topics posted by the participants, and informal interviews, or, online responses to the comments posted by the teacher, to the pupils in their entries which take the form of blog posts. Findings of this investigation suggest a need to redesign learning to allow everyone to cope with multimodality as a new form of literacy.
Discursos antagônicos na mídia digital: por uma postura ativa na pesquisa
Authors: Diniz Zozzoli Rita Maria
Published: December 2024

Este artigo propõe discutir o papel do/a pesquisador/a ativo nas práticas sociais a partir da noção de sujeito responsivo e responsável, sem álibi no seu existir (BAKHTINE, 2003 [1986]; BAKHTIN, 2010 [1986]) e, portanto, assume uma posição para além das interpretações possíveis das análises e se insere em ações sociais que ultrapassam a dimensão acadêmica de seus textos orais ou escritos. Nessa perspectiva, examina discursos antagônicos na mídia digital, defendendo a interrelação desses discursos que se disseminam sem as barreiras de contextos, vetores, gêneros, espaços e tempos diversos e sem limites entre os discursos de rede e os que se encontram fora dela. Reflete sobre os mecanismos que comandam o poder do digital, como os que fomentam sentimentos de autossatisfação e de raiva. Mais especificamente, expõe reflexões sobre o enunciado prototípico (ZOZZOLI, 2018, 2020) Vacinas salvam e algumas de suas disseminações, procurando relacionar reflexões da discussão teórica às publicações estudadas.
Exploring Gender Disparities in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Prevalence and Symptoms in Malaysia
Authors: Hashmi Shazia Iqbal , Nawi Nurul Hudani Md , Cosmas Getrude , Sombuling Agnes
Published: December 2024

In light of the considerable number of cases documented on an annual basis, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has emerged as a condition with a rising prevalence in recent times. There is a greater prevalence of ASD in males than in females, both in terms of overall incidence and the presentation of symptoms. Additionally, males with ASD tend to exhibit more functional impairments and repetitive behaviors. To gain a deeper understanding of these variations, further research is required. The principal objective of this study is to ascertain whether there are gender disparities in the frequency and symptoms of autism spectrum disorders in Malaysia. The Malay translation of the Autism Spectrum Quotient – Children's Version and the Children's Autism Spectrum Test have been completed by parents or caregivers of fifty-two children between the ages of seven and twelve who have been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The current research indicates that, in terms of prevalence, there is a ratio of 1:5 in favor of males over females. However, no clear differences were observed between the sexes in terms of ASD symptoms in this study group. Significant advances in the prevention or treatment of autism spectrum disorders in men and women can be achieved through systematic efforts to understand gender differences in the prevalence and symptoms of these diseases in Malaysia.
Strategic prospects for the development of lithium production in Ukraine
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Lohvinenko Bohdan
Published: December 2024

In the modern scientific community, the study and use of lithium remain relevant and attract the attention of many researchers worldwide. Despite shifts in global trends, researchers consistently return to topics related to lithium every two to three years. This is due to the ongoing significance of these issues and the unchanging international interest in them.

In turn, Ukraine, with its significant reserves of lithium ores, serves as an important subject for scientific research in this field. However, there is a considerable amount of conflicting data in the information landscape regarding the availability, volumes, and quality of Ukrainian lithium resources. This highlights the necessity for in-depth and systematic scientific analysis to obtain reliable information and assess the real prospects for the development of the lithium industry in Ukraine.

This scientific work aims to examine the contemporary opportunities and challenges associated with Ukraine’s lithium sector. Specifically, it will analyze the latest data on lithium reserves, consider the prospects for its extraction and processing, and propose projects for the development of this strategically important industry.

A project of cooperation with Tesla was proposed, and calculations showed that this project could have a significant economic impact. It is expected that the annual impact on Ukraine's GDP will be approximately 1.6-1.8%, taking into account tax revenues and other investments from the project. This opens up new opportunities for the development of the industry, will contribute to energy independence and economic growth of the country.

Currently, Ukraine’s energy system is in a critical condition due to constant bombardments by the Russian Federation, which further emphasizes the importance of developing domestic resources and technologies to ensure the country’s energy independence. In this context, the research and development of the lithium industry gain particular significance.

This article attempts to collect, systematize, and analyze available information about Ukraine’s lithium resources, identify the main problems and challenges, and outline prospective directions for the development of this sector. A detailed analysis of the current opportunities and challenges for Ukraine’s lithium sphere has been conducted. The latest data on lithium reserves have been reviewed, the prospects for its extraction and processing have been considered, and several projects for the development of this strategically important industry have been proposed.