bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Circulating Metabolome of Patients with Cutaneous, Mucosal and Uveal Melanoma Reveals Distinct Metabolic Profiles with Implications for Response to Immunotherapy
Authors: Vilbert Maysa , Koch Erica C. , Rose April A.N. , Laister Rob C. , Gray Diana , Sotov Valentin , Penny Susanne , Spreafico Anna , Hogg David , Pinto Devanand M. , Butler Marcus O. , Saibil Samuel D.
Published: June 2023

Cutaneous melanoma (CM) patients respond better to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) than mucosal and uveal melanoma patients (MM/UM). Aiming to explore these differences and understand the distinct response to ICI, we evaluated the serum metabolome of advanced CM, MM, and UM patients. Levels of 115 metabolites were analyzed in samples collected before ICI, using a targeted metabolomics platform. In our analysis, molecules involved in the tryptophan-kynurenine axis distinguished UM/MM from CM. UM/MM patients had higher levels of 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HKyn), whilst patients with CM were found to have higher levels of kynurenic acid (KA). The KA/3-HKyn ratio was significantly higher in CM versus the other subtypes. UM, the most ICI-resistant subtype, was also associated with higher levels of sphingomyelin-d18:1/22:1 and the polyamine spermine (SPM). Overall survival was prolonged in patients with lower SPM levels. Our study revealed distinct metabolomic profile between the most resistant melanoma subtypes, UM and MM, compared to CM. Alterations within the kynurenine pathway, polyamine metabolism and sphingolipid metabolic pathway may contribute to the poor response to ICI. Understanding the different metabolomic profiles introduces opportunities for novel therapies with potential synergic activity to ICI, to improve responses of UM/MM.
Vedolizumab Is Associated With Longer Drug Sustainability Compared to Infliximab in Moderate-To-Severe Ulcerative Colitis: Long Term Real-World Cohort Data
Authors: Konikoff Tom , Yanai Henit , Libchik Dror , Avni-Biron Irit , Snir Yifat , Banai Hagar , Broitman Yelena , Dotan Iris , Ollech Jacob E
Published: June 2023

Background & Aim: Drug sustainability (DS) is a surrogate marker for treatment efficacy. We aimed to compare the DS of two main biologics used to treat moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC), infliximab (IFX) and vedolizumab (VDZ), in a real-world setting. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study at a tertiary medical center in Israel. We included patients treated between Dec 1st, 2017, and May 1st, 2021, who were followed for up to 300 weeks. DS was defined as corticosteroid, surgical, and hospitalization-free treatment. Results: 217 patients with UC were included. VDZ had a significantly longer median DS of 265.6 weeks compared to IFX's 106.5 weeks (p=0.001) in treatment-naïve patients, even when adjusting for disease severity (HR 0.55 95 CI 0.3-0.98, p=0.042). In treatment-experienced patients, DS was comparable between IFX and VDZ (p=0.593). Conclusion: VDZ showed significantly longer DS in treatment-naïve patients with UC compared to IFX, also when adjusted for disease severity. There was no difference in DS between VDZ and IFX in treatment-experienced patients and patients switching from one drug to another. VDZ may be a suitable first-line treatment for biologic-naïve patients with moderate-to-severe UC.
Persistence of Anti-S1 IgG against SARS-CoV-2 Eight Months after the Booster Dose of Vaccine in Non-infected Patients
Authors: Algarate Sonia , Serrano Laura , Bueno Jessica , Herrero-Cortina Beatriz , Alvarado Elena , González-Barriga María T. , Ducons María , Montero-Marco Jesica , Arnal Sara , Acha Beatriz , Riesgo María , Taboada Ana , Sanz-Burillo Pilar , Yuste Cristina , Benito Rafael
Published: June 2023

Our aim was to evaluate the immune response of healthcare workers included in the RIPOVAC study, after receiving a booster dose (third dose), in terms of intensity and persistence of induced antibodies. In the second phase of RIPOVAC study, between December 2021 and January 2022, eight months after the second dose, 389 voluntary, immunocompetent, non-pregnant healthcare workers received a booster dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, and a serum sample was obtained. Two groups of patients were established: with and without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. In order to quantify anti-S1 IgG (AU/mL) we used CMIA (Abbott). All the health workers were anti-S IgG positive 8 months after receiving the booster dose of the vaccine, with a mean of 17040 AU/mL. In 53 patients without previous infection, antibody levels had increased by a mean of 10762 AU/mL. This figure is 7 times higher than the one produced after the second dose (1506 AU/mL). The booster dose produces a robust elevation of the antibody level, which persists at 8 months with levels up to values significantly higher than those reached after the second dose, that allow to predict a persistence of more than one year. The study demonstrates the efficacy of the booster dose of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
Five Important Seeds in Traditional Medicine, Pharmacological Benefits and Seed Biology
Authors: Shahrajabian Mohamad Hesam , Sun Wenli
Published: June 2023

Knowledge about pharmacological benefits of different seeds is an important factor for cultivation and application of medicinal herbs and plants. The seeds of medicinal plants are stores of valuable and active secondary metabolites that have been commercially and economically beneficial and helpful for medicine and pharmacy. The major parameter of reproduction and preservation of plants are also seeds which have a functional role in the distribution and establishment of plant in different regions. Five important seeds which have tremendous medicinal and pharmacological benefits are anise, basil, borage, cilantro and chamomile. Anise seed is used as a spice, either whole or ground, and its essential oil and extract are also obtained from the seeds. Basil seeds have a long history of usage in Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine, which are the good source of minerals, high in fiber including pectin, rich is flavonoids and other polyphenols. Borage seed oil is used for skin disorders such as seborrheic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, and neurodermatitis. Cilantro is an annual herb that is part of the Apiaceae family. The seeds are rich in iron, zinc, copper and essential minerals which can decrease bad cholesterol and improves good cholesterol in the body. Chamomile can be considered for treatment of anxiety, insomnia, hemorrhoids, diarrhea and may help with wound healing and skin irritation. The keyword searches for Anise, Seed, Basil, Borage, Cilantro, Chamomile, Seed biology, Traditional medicinal science and seed anatomy were performed by using Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed and Google scholar. The aim of this article review is to survey the pharmacological and health benefits of seeds of five important medicinal plants.
Unlocking Gel-powers: Exploring Rheological Marvels of Acrylamide/Sodium Alginate Double-Network Hydrogels
Authors: Wang Shi-Chang , Du Shu-Tong , Hashmi Saud , Cui Shu-Ming , Li Ling , Handschuh-Wang Stephan , Zhou Xuechang , Stadler Florian J.
Published: June 2023

Hydrogels, soft materials with 3D polymer networks in aqueous solution, have been developed for engineering and bio-related fields. However, these conventional hydrogels are weak and brittle due to lack of energy dissipation mechanisms. Recently, dual-network hydrogels have been proposed, combining rigid and flexible networks and exhibiting high strength, stretchability, and toughness. This paper explores the rheological properties of dual-network hydrogels based on acrylamide and sodium alginate under large deformations. This dual network is a combination of a covalently crosslinked polyacrylamide network and a supramolecular crosslinked sodium alginate network at the presence of divalent calcium cations. Small and large amplitude oscillatory shear methods with Fourier transform rheology, stress decomposition method, and Chebyshev polynomial analysis of large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) data were employed to evaluate non-linearity limit, toughness, and network rigidity. The concentration of calcium ions affects (concentrations 0-80 mg/ml) the nonlinear transition and limit points, and all gel samples exhibit strain hardening, shear thickening, and shear densification.
Growing Season Conditions and Isolate Are Important Determinants of Brassica Napus Susceptibility to Aggressive Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum Isolates
Authors: Michael Pippa J , Rijal Lamichhane Ashmita , Bennett Sarita Jane
Published: June 2023

Management of Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) disease in Brassica napus is heavily reliant on prophylactic fungicide applications at flowering, which often provides inconsistent control depending on timing of ascospore release in the field and environmental conditions. Understanding host response to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum infection is essential for sustainable disease management in the future. This study determined the host response of nine B. napus varieties to four aggressive S. sclerotiorum isolates across two years by measuring four disease variables; area under the disease progress stairs (AUDPS), seed production, sclerotia number and average sclerotia weight. Brassica napus varieties varied greatly in their response to the four measured variables, with varieties producing the highest AUDPS not the same varieties that had the lowest seed production, the highest numbers of sclerotia or heaviest sclerotia. Repeating the experiment over two years using the same varieties and isolates identified the impact of environment as the most influential factor on measured disease variables, highlighting the complexity of disease responses to diverse isolates and host genotypes under different environments. It was recommended that both long-term (such as inoculum production) and short-term (such as seed production) disease outcomes be combined with lesion length measurement (i.e. AUDPS) for future host screening studies.
Extracts from Cordyceps militaris: Novel, potential, and efficiently bioactive natural materials used for skin-care products
Authors: Vo-Nguyen Hai-Vy , Nguyen Bach-Hue Thi , Do-Pham Gia-Thu , Luu And Thi Xuan Thi
Published: June 2023

Extracts of Cordyceps militaris which possess the bioactive capacity such as antimicrobial activity and DPPH-free radical scavenging capacity, are applied to the serum product. This finished serum product has been evaluated the in vitro bioactivity and the stability with expect to find out a good extract with a suitable percentage used for serum product as natural materials on preservatives and antioxidation.
Update on Desensitization Strategies and Drugs on Hyperimmune Patients for Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Salvadori Maurizio
Published: June 2023

Abstract: Presence in a recipient of antibodies directed against donor specific antigens represent a major obstacle in transplanting such patients. Removal of these antibodies represents a challenge for physicians dealing with kidney transplantation. Several strategies, techniques and old and new drugs are to date used to desensitize these patients.
Desensitization may occur before transplantation or at the time of transplantation or after transplantation according whether physicians deal with living or deceased donors. Different techniques may be used to reveal the presence of antibodies in the recipients; each technique has different sensitivity and specificity, different advantages and disadvantages.
The target of the drugs used to desensitize are B cells, Plasma cells, the antibodies themselves and finally, the complement that is the final actor causing tissue disruption.
If B cells are relatively easy to be targeted, more difficult are the plasma cell. Indeed, several new drugs are used in randomized trials also to defeat plasma cells. Antibodies may be removed rather easily, but often their removal is followed by a rebound.
Complement is not easy to be defeated and new drugs are to date used to be successful in this action. However is to date possible to desensitize many patients and to obtain successful transplantation.
Blockade of mGluR5 in Astrocytes Derived From Human iPSCs Modulates Astrocytic Function and Increases Phagocytosis
Authors: De Lima Izabella B. Q. , Cardozo Pablo L. , Fahel Julia S. , Lacerda Juliana P. S. , Ribeiro Fabiola M.
Published: June 2023

Astrocytes have been implicated in a wide range of neurodegenerative diseases, with the literature indicating harmful or beneficial roles on a case-by-case basis. On such conditions, these cells are capable of secreting several inflammatory factors and also promote synapse elimination and remodeling. These responses are possible because they sense their surroundings via several receptors, including metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR5). However, mGluR5 activation in astrocytes under neuroinflammatory conditions can be neuroprotective or have the opposite effect. In this work, we investigated the role of mGluR5 in hiPSC-derived astrocytes subjected to pro-inflammatory stimulation by recombinant TNF-α (rTNF-α). Our results show that mGluR5 blockade by CTEP is capable of reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α) release in rTNF-α-stimulated astrocytes, but, in contrast, leads to an augmented expression of the pan-reactive marker SERPINA3. Additionally, CTEP enhances synaptoneurosomes phagocytosis by astrocytes in both non-stimulated and TNF-α-stimulated conditions, indicating that mGluR5 blockade alone is enough to drive synaptic material engulfment. Finally, mGluR5 antagonism as well as rTNF-α stimulation leads to a reduction in the expression of synaptogenic molecules. Altogether, these data suggest a complex role for mGluR5 in human astrocytes, since its blockage may have beneficial and detrimental effects under inflammatory conditions.
The IFIH1/MDA5 rs1990760 Gene Variant (946Thr) Differentiates Early Versus Late-Onset Skin Disease and Increased the Risk of Arthritis in a Spanish Cohort of Psoriatic Disease
Authors: Coto-Segura Pablo , Vazquez-Coto Daniel , Velazquez-Cuervo Lucinda , García-Lago Claudia , Coto Eliecer , Queiro Rubén
Published: June 2023

The melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5; encoded by the IFIH1 gene) mediates the activation of the interferon pathway in response to viral infection. This protein is also upregulated in autoimmune diseases and psoriasis skin lesions. IFIH1 gene variants that increased the MDA5 activity have been associated with increased risk for immune mediated diseases, including psoriasis. Our aim was to determine the association between three IFIH1 variants (rs35337543, intron8 +1G>C; rs35744605, Glu627Stop; and rs1990760, Ala946Thr) and the main clinical findings in a cohort of Spanish patients with psoriatic disease (N=572; 77% early-onset). Early-onset psoriasis (EOPs) had a significant higher frequency of severe disease and Cw6+. Carriers of the 946Thr variant were more common in EOPs (p<0.001), and the effect was more pronounced among Cw6-negatives. This variant was also associated with an increased risk of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) independently of other factors (OR=1.62, 95%CI=1.11-2.37). The rs3533754 and rs35744605 have been reported as risk factors for viral infection and protective for autoimmune diseases, but we did not find significant differences between the two onset age or PsA groups. However, due to the reduced frequency of the two variants (<0.02) the size of our cohort was too low to conclude a significant effect.
In conclusion, the common IFIH1 rs1990760 T allele that has been linked to increased gene expression was significantly more frequent in EOPs patients. This variant was also an independent risk factor for PsA in our cohort. This risk allele was in linkage disequilibrium with other variants previously associated with the risk of psoriasis and PsA. Our study reinforces the widely reported role of IFIH1 gene variants on psoriatic disease and other immune mediated diseases.
Bias in Youth with Functional Abdominal Pain (BY-FAP) – A new experimental design to examine cognitive biases for gastrointestinal related stimuli in children and adolescents
Authors: Bjerre-Nielsen Ellen , Kallesøe Karen Hansen , Nielsen Eva Skovslund , Gehrt Tine Bennedsen , Frostholm Lisbeth , Rask Charlotte Ulrikka
Published: June 2023

Cognitive biases towards disorder-specific stimuli are suggested to be crucial in the development and maintenance of symptoms in adults with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID). Functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPD), a subtype of FGID, are common in children and adolescents, but the influence of cognitive biases is sparsely examined. The aim of this study was to 1) develop a new experimental design for assessing cognitive biases towards gastrointestinal stimuli in children and adolescents (age 8-17 years) and 2) test its feasibility on a healthy sample exploring potential sex- and age-related differences. The online experimental design – BY-FAP (Bias in Youth with Functional Abdominal Pain) includes a word task and a picture task. Stimuli in both tasks are related to general and gastrointestinal symptoms and the design includes three phases: 1) encoding, 2) free recall and 3) recognition. Results from 96 healthy participants (Mage = 12.3, 47.9% female) found no significant difference between sex or age groups in recall and recognition of either words or pictures. The results support that the design is feasible for children and adolescents. In the future, BY-FAP can be used to explore possible cognitive biases in children and adolescents with FAPD.
New Products from Wood Fibre and Their Potential Role in Carbon Sequestration
Authors: Jarvis Michael
Published: June 2023

Several methods of processing wood into strong, durable products for the construction industry provide transformative opportunities to substitute for less sustainable building materials. Carbon storage is a further advantage, with the added possibility of combustion for bioenergy at end of life. Intense research activity in this area is expected to open up new markets for wood fiber during the lifetime of trees now being planted.
Here, wood-derived materials are classified according to the particle size, from metres to nanometres, into which the wood is fragmented before reconstitution. Materials made by densifying or chemically modifying solid wood with no fragmentation are already in production for exterior doors, window frames and cladding, with improved uniformity and stability compared with unmodified wood. Pre-commercial developments promise further gains in durability and strength.
Emerging developments extend these process technologies to wood that has been chipped or stranded or pulped, retaining the above advantages over raw timber for weather-facing applications and adding processability by moulding or extrusion. Crucially, the raw material does not then need to be sawn timber but can be bioenergy-grade wood biomass. This will facilitate afforestation strategies that combine the aims of carbon sequestration and biodiversity.
Quantitative Characterization of Coastal Cliff Retreat and Landslide Processes at Portonovo-Trave Cliffs (Conero, Ancona, Italy) Using Multi-Source Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Fullin Nicola , Duo Enrico , Fabbri Stefano , Francioni Mirko , Ghirotti Monica , Ciavola Paolo
Published: June 2023

Remote sensing and photogrammetry techniques are now widely used in a range of geological applications, including mapping, and monitoring of geological features. Another important de-velopment in geological applications of remote sensing and photogrammetry is the integration of multiple data sources, including satellite imagery, aerial photography, and ground-based meas-urements. By combining these different data sources, it is possible generate more accurate and detailed geological maps, and better understand geological processes. In this work we present a case study of the Conero Regional Park (Northern Adriatic Sea, Ancona, Italy) cliff-top retreat, characterized by Neogenic soft rocks (flysch, molasse). In particular, the study is focused in the area between the beach of Portonovo and Trave (south of Ancona), which has been studied using aerial orthophoto acquired between 1978 and 2021, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) photographs (and extracted photogrammetric model) surveyed in September 2021 and 2012 LiDAR data. Aerial or-thophotos were analyzed through the United States Geological Survey’s (USGS) tool Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS), to identify and estimate the top-cliff erosion. The results were supported by the analysis of wave data and rainfall from the correspondent period. It has been found that for the northernmost sector (Trave), in the examined period of forty-years, an erosion up to 40 m occurred. Furthermore, a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of Difference (DoD) between a 2012 Digital Terrain Model (DTM) and a UAV Digital Surface Model (DSM) was implemented to validate the DSAS results.
Anaerobic Digestion Remediation in Three Full-Scale Biogas Plants Through Supplements Addition
Authors: Economou Eleni Anna , Dimitropoulou Georgia , Prokopidou Nikoleta , Dalla Ioanna , Sfetsas Themistoklis
Published: June 2023

Additives can improve the efficiency of anaerobic digestion by increasing biogas production, reducing air pollution, and preventing total ammoniacal nitrogen (TAN) inhibition. Biological or chemical supplementation can also improve the economic efficiency of anaerobic digestion. However, the effects of specific additives on biogas production can vary depending on the type of supplement used. This research utilizes the additives on an industrial scale and monitors the optimization of the anaerobic digestion operating parameters after their addition. The various AD additives were examined in a sufficient cycle of operation for three biogas plants located in northern Greece. In this manner, the effectiveness was investigated in multiple initial feeds and unstable operating situations caused by the seasonality of specific feedstocks. The existing operation state in the three biogas plants was recorded before and after adding the supplements. In all three cases, lower concentration levels were observed in many of the examined trace elements. Introducing additives proved to be a stabilization factor in AD performance and inhibition mediator.
End-to-end 3D Human Pose Estimation using Dual Decoders
Authors: Wang Zhang , Wang Tao , Song Mei , Jin Lei
Published: June 2023

Existing methods for 3D human pose estimation mainly divide the task into two stages. The first stage identifies the 2D coordinates of the human joints in the input image, namely the 2D human joint coordinates. The second stage uses the results from the first stage as input to recover the depth information of human joints from the 2D human joint coordinates to achieve 3D human pose estimation. However, the recognition accuracy of the two-stage method relies heavily on the results of the first stage and includes too many redundant processing steps, which reduces the inference efficiency of the network. To address these issues, we propose the EDD, a fully End-to-end 3D human pose estimation method based on transformer architecture with Dual Decoders. By learning multiple human poses, the model can directly infer all 3D human poses in the image using a pose decoder, and then further optimize the recognition result using a joint decoder based on the kinematic relations between joints. With the attention mechanism, this method can adaptively focus on the most relevant features to the target joint, effectively overcoming the feature misalignment problem in the human pose estimation task and greatly improving the model performance. Any complex post-processing step, such as non-maximum suppression, is eliminated, further improving the efficiency of the model. The results show that the method achieves an accuracy of 87.4% on the MuPoTS-3D dataset, significantly improving the accuracy of end-to-end 3D human pose estimation methods.
Combination of Immunotherapy and Radiation Therapy in Gastrointestinal Cancers: An Appraisal of Current Literature and Ongoing Research
Authors: Kumar Ritesh , Kim Jongmyung , Deek Matthew Pierre , Gulhati Pat , In Haejin , Kennedy Timothy , Shah Mihir , Grandhi Miral , Berim Lyudmyla , Kristen R. Spencer , Langan Russell , Hochster Howard , Boland Patrick M. , Jabbour Salma K.
Published: June 2023

The oncological outcomes are improving in gastrointestinal cancer with advancement in systemic therapies, and there is notable potential in combining immunotherapy and radiation therapy (RT)to allow for further improvements in outcomes. Various preclinical and early phase II studies have shown promising synergy with immunotherapy and RT in gastrointestinal cancer. Consolidative nivolumab in esophageal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiation (CRT) and complete resection has recently been approved as standard treatment after improved disease free survival in phase III study. Immunotherapy has shown promising results in hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal cancer as well. We have reviewed the published and ongoing studies of the combinations of immunotherapy and RT in gastrointestinal cancers.
Evaluation of Osteogenic Potential of Fucoidan Containing Chitosan Hydrogel in the Treatment of Periodontal Intra-bony Defects
Authors: Eshwar Shruthi , K Kranti , Manvi Supriya , Bharadwaj Aarya , Sajjan Sudarshan , Jain Vipin
Published: June 2023

Periodontal diseases significantly impact about half of the global population, and their treatment often encompasses relieving symptoms as well as regenerating the destroyed tissues. Revolu-tionary research in the management of periodontal disease includes biomaterials, a boon to re-generative dentistry owing to their excellent biological properties, non-toxic, an-ti-inflammatory, biocompatible, biodegradable, and adhesion. This study aimed to fabricate an injectable fucoidan containing chitosan hydrogel and prove its effectiveness in periodontal bone regeneration. The injectable hydrogel was prepared using the sol-gel method and loaded into 2ml syringes. 40 periodontitis patients with bony defects were recruited and randomized into two groups, to re-ceive fucoidan-chitosan hydrogel and concentrated growth factor, respectively. Customized acrylic stents were used to guide the hydrogel placement into the defect site. Post-surgical changes in clinical parameters were assessed at 3, 6 and 9 months to appreciate the soft & hard tissue changes using repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni’s posthoc test. Significance was kept at 5%. The fucoidan-chitosan hydrogel exhibited significantly lower probing depth values and a higher mean reduction in clinical attachment level as compared to the CGF group at the end of 3 and 6 months (p<0.05). The mean defect fills in the fucoidan-chitosan group was 1.20 at the end of 9 months (p<0.001). The presence of fucoidan in the hydrogel significantly contributed to bone re-generation in humans, thus strengthening its potential in tissue engi-neering. Fucoidan- Chitosan will be a promising biomaterial for bone tissue regeneration.
Optimal Investment of Merton Model for Multi-Investors with Frictions
Authors: Chebbi Souhail , Ounaies Senda
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we extend the Merton model of investment in discrete time to the cases when there is a finite number of investors and the market is with frictions represented by convex penalty functions defined for each investor. In the main result of this paper, we proved the existence of optimal strategy of investment by using a new approach based on the formulation of an equivalent general equilibrium economy model.
miRNAs: Potential as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Cancer
Authors: Chakrabortty Atonu , Patton Daniel J , Smith Bruce F , Agarwal Payal
Published: June 2023

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded, noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by binding to messenger RNAs. miRNAs are important regulators of gene expression, and their dysregulation is implicated in many human and dog diseases. Most cancers tested, to date, have been shown to express altered miRNA levels, which indicates their potential importance in the oncogenic process. Based on this evidence, numerous miRNAs have been suggested as potential cancer biomarkers for both diagnosis and prognosis. miRNA-based therapies have also been tested in different cancers and have provided measurable clinical benefits to patients. In addition, understanding miRNA biogenesis and regulatory mechanisms in cancer can provide important knowledge about resistance to chemotherapies, leading to more personalized cancer treatment. In this review, we have comprehensively summarized the importance of miRNA in human and dog cancer research. We have discussed the current state of development and potential for miRNA as both a diagnostic marker and a therapeutic target.
A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Minimally Invasive Intervention Use in Pain Management
Authors: Shetty Ashish , Delanerolle Gayathri , Cavalini Heitor , Qui Yinshan , Boyd Amy , Bouchareb Yassine , Thillainathan Anish , Kim Seung , Phiri Peter , Shi Jian
Published: June 2023

Background: Chronic, non-cancer pain represents a serious public health and economic issue affecting approximately 20% of the global population. Chronic pain can affect many aspects of patient’s lives, including mental health, employment, and relationships. Current medical management is largely focussed on investigating and managing acute pain. Patients and clinicians are now increasingly aware of the potential benefits of combined treatments or complex interventions in alleviating chronic pain. These approaches include both physical interventions, such as exercise or yoga, as well as psychological support including cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and talking therapies. Methods: This study used network meta-analyses to explore the prevalence of complex interventions in pain management, and the effects of these interventions on quality of life, using outcome measures including intensity of chronic pain, assessment of functional disability and participant’s psychological state. Results: Psychological interventions were associated with improvements in pain intensity and depression. Exercise and manipulation technique-based treatments provided a statistically significant reduction in pain intensity. This effect was enhanced when exercise and CBT were combined. Mensendieck somatocognitive therapy (MSCT) plus standard gynaecological treatment (STGT) treatments appeared to have a better effect on chronic pain than multimodal exercise plus CBT treatment. Combined MSCT and STGT treatment, and multimodal exercise plus CBT treatments, reduced pain intensity, whilst MSCT+STGT treatments had a slightly better effect than exercise plus CBT treatment.Conclusions: Complex interventions have become more popular with patients as the risks associated with other interventions including surgery and pharmacological management have become better understood. These interventions can have a significant positive effect both on the physical and psychological health of patients. The analysis presented in this study suggests that further work is warranted in this area and that additional studies are required, both in more geographically diverse locations, and with larger cohorts.
О влиянии баллистических параметров метеороидов на их разрушение в атмосфере Земли
Authors: Андрущенко Виктор Анатольевич , Andrushchenko Victor Anatol'evich , Сызранова Нина Геннадьевна , Syzranova Nina Gennad'evna
Published: June 2023

Рассмотрены задачи о движении и разрушении крупных космических тел под воздействием тепловых и силовых нагрузок в атмосфере Земли. На основе модифицированной физической теории метеоров построена математическая модель траекторий движения таких тел при вторжении в атмосферу планеты. Проведен вычислительный эксперимент для известных метеороидов, выбранных в качестве эталонных, с целью выяснения влияния баллистических параметров входа этих метеороидов (угла наклона траектории к земной поверхности и скорости) на процесс их
разрушения в атмосфере Земли. Показано, что именно эти характеристики оказывают доминирующее влияние на движение и разрушение космических тел.
Численное моделирование обратных ретроспективных задач для нелинейного уравнения теплопроводности
Authors: Колесник Сергей Александрович , Kolesnik Sergei Aleksandrovich , Стифеев Евгений Михайлович , Stifeev Evgenii Mikhailovich
Published: June 2023

Предлагается метод численного решения обратной задачи по восстановлению начального условия для нелинейного одномерного уравнения теплопроводности. Предложенный метод основан на использовании метода параметрической идентификации, метода неявного градиентного спуска для минимизации функционала невязки и метода регуляризации А.Н. Тихонова. Разработан алгоритм и программный комплекс численного решения. Получены и обсуждаются многочисленные результаты численных экспериментов. Проведен анализ поведений функций-решений с/без применения регуляризирующего функционала А.Н. Тихонова и влияния регуляризирующего параметра. Предложен алгоритм поиска оптимального значения регуляризирующего параметра на основе решeтчатого поиска (grid search) с перекрeстной проверкой (K-fold). Результаты вычислительных экспериментов по предложенному численному методу показали, что погрешность полученных результатов не превышает погрешности в экспериментальных данных.
The influence of the tip vortex from generator wing on the flow around the main wing at an attack angle
Authors: Borisov Vitaly Evgenyevich , Kostantinovskaya Tatiana Vitalievna , Lutsky Alexander Evgenievich
Published: June 2023

The effect of a tip vortex from an upstream generator wing on the flow around the main wing in a supersonic flow is considered. Numerical results were obtained on the multiprocessor hybrid supercomputer system K-60 at the Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics RAS.
Pembuatan Video Tutorial Bedak Dingin Berbahan Dasar Beras dan Ekstrak Singkong
Authors: Gabby Rizky Nindy Putri  , Mari Okatini
Published: May 2023

Abstrak

 

Pembuatan Video Tutorial Bedak Dingin Berbahan Dasar Beras dan Ekstrak Singkong, Tugas Akhir: Program Studi Diploma 3 Tata Rias, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, 2022.

Bedak dingin atau yang bisa juga disebut masker tradisional merupakan produk kecantikan tradisional yang dibuat secara turun temurun oleh nenek moyang yang berasal dari bahan dasar beras putih yang dicampur air mawar. Dalam proses pembuatannya bedak dingin terbagi dari berbagai macam bahan dasar, diantaranya beras dan ekstrak singkong. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menambah ilmu bagi peneliti dan pembaca dalam video tutorial bedak dingin berbahan dasar beras dan ekstrak singkong. Penilaian video tutorial bedak dingin ini dilakukan uji kelayakan oleh 2 ahli, ahli materi dan ahli media dengan aspek sebagai berikut aspek isi, aspek visual, aspek audio, aspek bahasa, dan aspek tipografi. berdasarkan penilaian dengan ahli materi dan media, “Pembuatan Video Tutorial Bedak Dingin Berbahan Dasar Beras dan Ekstrak Singkong” dinyatakan layak.
Pre-service Teachers’ Preparedness to Teach during Teaching Practice in Tanzania
Authors: Mpate Hawa , Campbel-Evans Glenda , Gray Jan
Published: June 2023

Teachers are vital to the success of any education system. However, concern continues to be raised about the quality of teachers’ preparation in the teachers’ colleges and about the quality of teachers in schools in Tanzania (Global Partnership for Educational Support in Tanzania Mainland, 2013; Mgaiwa, 2018; Makoro, 2020). In line with such concerns, this study explored Tanzania’s pre-service teachers’ demonstration of knowledge and skills of teaching during teaching practice. The study was conducted in three secondary schools located in Moshi rural District in Kilimanjaro region in Tanzania. It involved five pre-service teachers from one of the Diploma Teachers Colleges, five supervisors from the same Teachers’ College and mentor teachers from the three home schools where pre-service teachers were placed for teaching practice. The study is descriptive, employing qualitative methods of data collection. Interviews, focus group discussions and observations were used to collect data. Drawing on Shulman’s (1986) categories of knowledge, data were analyzed thematically. The findings revealed that the pre-service teachers had limited skill in lesson preparation and classroom management, which negatively impacted their learning during teaching practice. Based on these findings, the study recommends that teacher education colleges should take steps to better prepare pre-service teachers to effectively handle lesson planning, teaching, and classroom management.
The imperative for real-world experiences in Kenyan teacher preparation for disability inclusive teaching
Authors: Johnson LeAnn , Kariuki-Githinji Scolastica , Namai Joab
Published: June 2023

Traditional university-based teacher training in Kenya has relied on theoretical campus-based coursework which provides strong knowledge but little opportunity to develop practical skills. The need for practical skills is particularly evident for teacher candidates who are expected to teach students with disabilities who attend class in regular education settings. This case study outlines a pilot class at Daystar University that incorporated video, field trips, and real-world assignments within an experiential learning model to determine the impact of real-world experiences on student attitudes towards individuals with disabilities and their families, knowledge of disabilities, and skills in identifying and using understanding of learner strengths and weaknesses to make instructional recommendations and incorporate those recommendations into the design of class-wide learning activities. Teacher candidates enrolled in the pilot class reported positive changes in attitude and understanding towards individuals with disabilities, increased learning, and had more confidence in their ability to work in inclusive classrooms. These results have implications for ongoing curriculum restructuring in teacher education in areas of the world where educator preparation lacks the necessary resources for implementing a series of fully supported field experiences leading to a full-time teaching practice opportunity.
Preventing Disordered Eating in Teenage Ballet Students: Evaluation of DancExcellent, a Combined CBT and Nutrition Education Intervention
Authors: Nordin-Bates Sanna M , Lundström Petra , Melin Anna Katarina , Sundgot-Borgen Jorunn , Edlund Klara
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: Disordered eating (DE) behaviors are relatively common among high-level dancers, especially in classical ballet. At the same time, interventions aimed at reducing DE behaviors in this population are scarce. METHODS: An 8-week exploratory preventive intervention for DE behaviors
was carried out in a high-level ballet school for 40 teenagers aged 12–15 years (77.5% female). Both risk factors (perfectionism) and potentially protective factors (self-esteem, self-compassion) for the development of DE behaviors were considered. The intervention was created specifically
for this study and consisted of five cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) workshops and four nutrition workshops. Additional components included newsletters for pupils and educational sessions and social media interactions with staff and parents. The intervention comprised two phases (control
and intervention periods), with students acting as their own controls. Standardized questionnaires were completed before and after both phases. RESULTS: Questionnaire results did not indicate any changes in reported perfectionism, self-esteem, or self-compassion, nor were symptoms of DE affected
during either the control or intervention periods. CONCLUSIONS: The intervention did not yield any discernible impact. However, it was affected by the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which limits our ability to draw conclusions about intervention effectiveness. Evaluations with pupils offer
several considerations for future improvements.
Deteksi Cemaran Bakteri Pada Manisan Mangga Di Wilayah Kecamatan Samarinda Kota
Authors: Parwanti Tasya Choirifah , Sukarya I Gede Andika , Harlita Tiara Dini
Published: May 2023

Pendahuluan: Mangga merupakan buah musiman yang masa simpannya tidak bertahan lama, banyak orang yang mengolahnya menjadi manisan. Manisan ialah makanan olahan yang mempunyai rasa manis bercampur dengan rasa khas buah. Pembuatan manisan dilakukan dengan mengawetkan buah-buahan dengan cara merendamnya dalam air gula. Penyimpanan tidak tepat pada manisan dapat meningkatkan kadar air yang dapat mempercepat pembusukan dan itu bisa menyebabkan tumbuhnya mikroorganisme. Faktor yang mempengaruhi tumbuhnya mikroba berasal dari cara pengolahan, kondisi bahan makanan, peralatan yang digunakan, cara penyajian makanan, tempat pengolahan dan penyimpanannya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui cemaran bakteri pada manisan mangga di wilayah Kecamatan Samarinda Kota. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dekskriptif dengan melakukan pemeriksaan Angka Lempeng Total. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 9 manisan mangga yang berada di Kecamatan Samarinda Kota dengan metode pengambilan total sampling. Setiap sampel ditimbang 10 gr dan dilakukan pemeriksaan angka lempeng total dengan pengenceran dari 101 sampai 104. Masing-masing sampel dilakukan 1 kali perlakuan dengan 4 kali pengenceran, maka total perlakuan sebanyak 36 kali. Kemudian data dianalisis secara univariat dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel. Hasil penelitian didapatkan ALT tertinggi pada sampel M02 8,9 × 104 koloni/g dan ALT terendah pada sampel M01 2,4 × 102 koloni/g. Kesimpulan penelitian ini didapatkan 9 sampel (100%) memenuhi syarat yang telah ditetapkan oleh SNI 7388 Tahun 2009 dengan standar angka lempeng total <1×105 koloni/g. Dengan hasil tersebut diharapkan bagi konsumen agar lebih memperhatikan lingkungan, lama manisan dibuat juga baik tidaknya kemasan pada manisan yang dijual.
Heterogeneous Subcontinental Lithospheric Mantle below the South Margin of the Siberian Craton: Evidence from Composition of Paleoproterozoic Mafic Associations
Authors: Turkina O.M. , Izokh A.E.
Published: June 2023

—Paleoproterozoic mafic associations of the Irkut block from the Sharyzhalgai uplift are gabbro-dolerite dikes and small gabbronorite and monzodiorite massifs, which formed at 1.87–1.84 Ga and were coeval with granitoids and basite intrusions of the South Siberian magmatic belt (SSB). All the Paleoproterozoic mafic associations of the Irkut block are characterized by the presence of biotite and alkali feldspar, enrichment in K2O, LILE, Th, and light REE, highly fractionated multielement spectra with sharp Nb and Ti depletion, and extremely low εNd(T) from –5.1 to –10.1. In these compositional features, they are similar to mafic complexes in the central and eastern parts of the SSB (the Baikal uplift and the western Aldan shield). Their geochemical and isotopic characteristics did not result from crustal contamination but point to derivation from the subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) enriched by reaction with felsic subduction-related and OIB-like mafic melts formed at a low degree of melting. The geochemically contrasting Paleoproterozoic gabbronorites in the Onot block of the Sharyzhalgai uplift are marked by depletion in K2O, Ba, LILE, Th, and light REE, weak depletion in Nb, and higher εNd(T) from –0.3 to –1.4. The gabbronorites indicate not only an increase in the contribution of a depleted source to their genesis but also the heterogeneity of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle below the south margin of the Siberian Craton. The formation of enriched SCLM domains throughout the South Siberian belt was mainly the result of Archean subduction-related metasomatic processes. The wide distribution of Paleoproterozoic mafic complexes with subduction geochemical signatures and negative εNd(T) on most early Precambrian cratons is due to global change in the composition and an increase in the heterogeneity of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle toward the end of the Archean.
Relación entre el consumo de diferentes tipos de alimentos y síntomas depresivos en el adulto mayor en pobreza y pobreza extrema en el Perú participantes de la Encuesta de Salud y bienestar del adulto mayor
Authors:   , Avendaño Gomez Samantha Nicole , Sabelino Francia Paola Jazmin
Published: June 2023

Introducción: Los cambios en el tipo de alimentación que se vienen dando en los países en vías de desarrollo como parte de la transición nutricional, podrían afectar la forma de consumo de ciertos alimentos y por lo tanto la salud mental, especialmente en los adultos mayores. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar si existe asociación entre el consumo de diferentes tipos de alimentos y la presencia de síntomas depresivos en adultos mayores de pobreza y pobreza extrema en el Perú. Metodología: Análisis secundario de un estudio de base poblacional (Encuesta de Salud y Bienestar del Adulto Mayor) realizada en el 2012. La variable desenlace fue la presencia de síntomas depresivos, mientras que la exposición fue el consumo de ciertos alimentos: productos lácteos; huevos y menestras; carne, aves de corral o pescado; y frutas y/o verduras. Se usó modelos de regresión de Poisson, reportándose razones de prevalencia (RP) e intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC95%). Resultados: Un total de 4214 registros fueron analizados, edad promedio de 71,2 (DE: 4,4) años, 54,2% de varones, y 61,4% de zona rural. Un total de 1621 (38,6%; IC95%: 37,1%-40,1%) adultos mayores presentaron síntomas depresivos. En modelo multivariable, aquellos que reportaron no consumir huevos y menestras al menos una vez a la semana tenían 41% (IC95%: 30%-54%) mayor probabilidad de presentar síntomas depresivos. Similarmente se encontró asociación en aquellos que reportaron no consumir carne, aves de corral o pescado al menos tres veces por semana (18%; IC95%: 9%-28%) y los que no consumieron frutas y/o verduras al menos dos veces al día (15%; IC95%: 6%-24%). Conclusión: Este estudio evidenció que el consumo de ciertos alimentos como frutas y/o verduras, aves de corral o pescado, huevos y menestras, están relacionados de manera inversa con la presencia de síntomas depresivos en el adulto mayor.
Root inoculation with Herbaspirillum seropedicae RAM10 reveals structural and functional shifts in the wheat seed-borne microbiota associated with improved plant phenotype
Authors: Carril Pablo , Ngendahimana Ephrem , Tenreiro Rogerio , Cruz Cristina
Published: June 2023

Exploiting the beneficial features of the plant microbiota is a promising approach to improve cereal growth and health in a more sustainable manner. Seed-borne endophytic microbiota can intimately colonize the plant’s endosphere and influence plant responses efficiently. Understanding their structure and functions is a critical step towards the formulation of microbial inoculants that can promote plant-beneficial microbiota functions. In this study, both 16S and ITS metabarcoding analyses were employed to explore the structure of the endophytic seed-borne microbiota in wheat seeds as well as in roots either non-inoculated or inoculated with the endophytic bacterium Herbaspirillum seropedicae RAM10. Furthermore, machine learning tools were employed to predict the ecological functions associated to these structural shifts. Inoculation with H. seropedicae markedly changed the composition of the seed-borne endophytic community. This compositional shift mirrored a predicted functional diversification, which was manifested by the differential enrichment of OTUs involved in bacterial nitrogen fixation, nitrate metabolism and aerobic chemoheterotrophy as well as by changes in fungal life strategies. These results suggest that endophytic inoculants could represent suitable vehicles to effectively promote desired plant traits through the modulation of the wheat seed-borne microbiota in the root endosphere.