bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Occupational-Related Upper and Lower Extremity Musculoskeletal Pain Among Working Population of Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mengistu Dechasa Adare , Gutema Gebisa Dirirsa , Demmu Yohannes Mulugeta , Alemu Addisu , Asefa Yohanis Alemeshet
Published: May 2022

Background:

Currently, work-related musculoskeletal disorders are a significant public health concern and are a leading cause of disability-adjusted life years and reduced quality of life worldwide. In developing countries, including Ethiopia, as a result of poor occupational health and safety practices and underreporting of the problems, work-related musculoskeletal disorders have been increased, remaining less prioritized, and there is no adequate evidence on the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. Thus, the current study aimed to determine and provide the overall prevalence of occupational-related upper and lower extremity musculoskeletal pain among the working population of Ethiopia.

Methods

The current study considered full-text articles conducted in Ethiopia, written in English, and published from 2017 to 2020. Ten electronic databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Google Scholar, MedNar, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, African Index Medicus, and African Journals Online database were used to search the articles using a combination of Boolean logic operators (AND, OR, and NOT), Medical Subject Headings, and main keywords. The quality assessment of the articles was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools to determine the relevance of the article to the current study.

Results:

Of the 1377 articles identified from the included electronic databases, 12 studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The study found that the pooled prevalence of occupational-related elbow pain, wrist/hand pain, knee/leg pain, foot/ankle pain, and hip/thigh pain in the previous one year was 19.7% (95% CI: 12.3, 30.1), 24.2% (95% CI: 17.4, 32.7), 25.0% (95% CI: 18.5, 32.8), 20.2% (95% CI: 12.8, 30.4), and 15.5% (95% CI: 9.9, 23.4), respectively. Based on a subgroup analysis, the last year’s pooled prevalence of occupational-related elbow, wrist/hand, knee/leg, foot/ankle, and hip/thigh pain was increased to 33.7% [95% CI: 31.9, 35.5], 29.7% [95% CI: 28.2, 31.2], 31.5% [95% CI: 29.9, 33.2], 30.6% [95% CI: 29.0, 32.4], and 27.3% [95% CI: 25.5, 29.2], respectively.

Conclusion:

Occupational-related musculoskeletal disorders continue to have a potential impact on workers’ health and productivity. The current study found that the overall pooled prevalence of occupational-related upper and lower extremity musculoskeletal disorders in the last year ranged from 15.5 to 33.7%. Implementing occupational health and safety measures play an important role in preventing work-related musculoskeletal disorders and other occupational hazards.
Comparison of the Antimicrobial Effect of Zataria Multiflora Essence and Deconex Surface on Microbial Load of Emergency Ambulances
Authors: Jadidi Ali , Irannejad Behrooz , Mohsenifard Maryam , Hezave Ali Khanmohamadi , Aghaepour Seyed Mohamad
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial effect of Deconex Surface, a common disinfectant, and Zataria multiflora essence on microbial load of Emergency ambulance equipment in Iran. The samples were selected from all the ambulances through convenience sampling. Before the intervention, the cultures were obtained from the contact surfaces and the surfaces were then disinfected with Deconex and Zataria multiflora. Then, repeated cultures were obtained from the same surfaces. Next, the samples were immediately sent to a microbiology lab. The obtained data were entered into SPSS 2016 and analyzed using statistical tests. Results showed that disinfecting effect of Zataria multiflora is better than Deconex in eliminating certain bacterial species such as Staphylococcus and Bacillus. So Zataria multiflora essence can be used as a surface and hospital equipment disinfectant along with other disinfectant compounds.
“Fighting for life and losing”: Intensive Care Unit Nursing Staff’s Experience With COVID-19 Patient Deaths During the First Two Waves: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Green Gizell , Gendler Yulia , Sharon Cochava
Published: May 2022

The study explored the experiences of intensive care unit nursing staff caring for COVID-19 patients who eventually died during the two first pandemic waves. We used - descriptive-qualitative-phenomenological. The findings included four main themes—the first vs the second COVID-19 waves, fighting for life and being unable to win, a chronicle of pre-determined death, and nurse’s emotional coping with patient death. Based on these findings, we have concluded that in order to enhance nurses’ mental health, policy makers and governments need to create an appropriate support system for them.
Impact of Fear of COVID-19 Pandemic on Job Insecurity and Subjective Well-Being
Authors: Bilal  , Mohammed Al-Matari Ebrahim , Khan Sanam , Ahmed Mareai Senan Nabil , Abbas Ali , Manzoor Shahid
Published: May 2022

Earlier research on the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) mainly focused on fear and its psychological impact on frontline health workers. However, the uncertainty of COVID-19, job insecurity and its effects on non-frontline employees’ perception of their well-being is rarely explored. This study aims to assess the relationship between subjective well-being and the fear of the COVID-19 outbreak. Furthermore, this study explores how employees’ awareness of their job insecurity influences this relationship. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and Spearman’s correlation analyses were used to examine the significance of the relationships between fear of COVID-19 and subjective well-being and the moderating role of job insecurity in this relationship. The findings indicate that greater fear of COVID-19 is associated with a lower level of perceived subjective well-being. However, a higher perception of fear of COVID-19 and its interaction with job insecurity are associated with a higher risk of employees’ well-being. Our study highlights the factors such as fear of COVID-19 and job insecurities that undermine their well-being. Our study provdies practical implications for employees’, managers, and healthcare policymakers to adopt effective strategies to reduce stress among employees. These recommendations include using practical tactics to safeguard the employees health and jobs while effectively coping with the pandemic.
Complementary or Congruent? The Effect of Hosting Tesla Charging Stations on Hotels’ Revenue
Authors: Qian Lixian , Zhang Cheng
Published: May 2022

Electric vehicles (EVs) are a promising sustainable technology for transitioning to a low carbon economy. However, there is a lack of research on how tourist destinations such as hotels and attractions could benefit from EVs. Using evidence from monthly revenue data of 2,774 hotels in Texas of United States (US) between 2015 and 2018, this paper quantifies the economic benefits of hotels hosting Tesla’s charging facilities and finds that nearby attractions amplify the benefits. Further, the study investigates the heterogeneity of the benefits across different hotel segments and their dynamics. The findings reveal that upscale hotels benefit more than luxury as well as mid-price and cheaper hotels from hosting Tesla charging facilities. After Tesla introduced the Model 3, these benefits increased for upscale hotels but decreased for luxury hotels. These findings have important implications for the hospitality and tourism industries to better adapt to the emerging EV transition.
Invisible Power of Culture: Mapping Tourist Information Flow of National DMO websites
Authors: Park Hyejin , Stepchenkova Svetlana
Published: May 2022

Destination Marketing Organization (DMO) websites serve as hubs for disseminating information to tourists and communicating with destination stakeholders via a system of hyperlinks. These websites and their hyperlink structures potentially reflect cultural variations among societies and, therefore, differ in what tourists from other cultures might expect in terms of the information search process, affecting early impressions about the destination. The study compares the hyperlink structure of official DMO websites of South Korea, the United States, and Germany and examines whether the ways of organizing and distributing tourist information are reflective of cultural variations. The collected data were examined using the blockmodeling technique. The main differences among the three networks were found in structural properties and the ways tourist information was distributed. Cultural dimensions can explicate the different patterns of information flow. The findings contribute to the literature on how hyperlinked information can be leveraged to the benefit of tourists.
The Additional Effects of Adaptive Survey Design Beyond Post-Survey Adjustment: An Experimental Evaluation
Authors: Zhang Shiyu , Wagner James
Published: May 2022

Adaptive survey design refers to using targeted procedures to recruit different sampled cases. This technique strives to reduce bias and variance of survey estimates by trying to recruit a larger and more balanced set of respondents. However, it is not well understood how adaptive design can improve data and survey estimates beyond the well-established post-survey adjustment. This paper reports the results of an experiment that evaluated the additional effect of adaptive design to post-survey adjustments. The experiment was conducted in the Detroit Metro Area Communities Study in 2021. We evaluated the adaptive design in five outcomes: 1) response rates, 2) demographic composition of respondents, 3) bias and variance of key survey estimates, 4) changes in significant results of regression models, and 5) costs. The most significant benefit of the adaptive design was its ability to generate more efficient survey estimates with smaller variances and smaller design effects.
Who Does What to Whom? Making Text Parsers Work for Sociological Inquiry
Authors: Stuhler Oscar
Published: May 2022

Over the past decade, sociologists have become increasingly interested in the formal study of semantic relations within text. Most contemporary studies focus either on mapping concept co-occurrences or on measuring semantic associations via word embeddings. Although conducive to many research goals, these approaches share an important limitation: they abstract away what one can call the event structure of texts, that is, the narrative action that takes place in them. I aim to overcome this limitation by introducing a new framework for extracting semantically rich relations from text that involves three components. First, a semantic grammar structured around textual entities that distinguishes six motif classes: actions of an entity, treatments of an entity, agents acting upon an entity, patients acted upon by an entity, characterizations of an entity, and possessions of an entity; second, a comprehensive set of mapping rules, which make it possible to recover motifs from predictions of dependency parsers; third, an R package that allows researchers to extract motifs from their own texts. The framework is demonstrated in empirical analyses on gendered interaction in novels and constructions of collective identity by U.S. presidential candidates.
COVID-19 lockdown and increased incidence of dengue: A note
Authors: Joob Beuy , Wiwanitkit Viroj
Published: May 2022

COVID-19 is the important global problem. Lockdown is a general disease control measure against COVID-19. The aim of lockdown is the reduce incidence of COVID-19. From reappraisal on the available data from a tropical endemic country (1), the change of incidences of both COVID-19 and rotavirus infection incidence after lockdown can be seen.
Proportional–integral–derivative stabilization of complex conjugate-order systems
Authors: Cetintas Gulten , Hamamci Serdar Ethem
Published: May 2022

Proportional–integral–derivative (PID) stabilization is an important control design strategy that provides the designer with all PID controller set which results control system stability absolutely. In this way, the designer has a wide range of freedom to obtain the controller that meets the desired criteria. This process is particularly advantageous in situations where it is difficult to clearly define the design criteria at the beginning of the design or to make a balanced decision among the design criteria. The main objective of this paper is to present for the first time a PID stabilization method for complex conjugate-order systems, which is a new type of system for the control community and has been little studied on. The method is based on obtaining of stability/instability regions using the D-decomposition method in the controller parameter space graphically. These regions are formed by stability boundaries that are defined as real root, infinite root and complex root boundaries. The stability of the regions is determined using generalized modified Mikhailov stability criterion that is a powerful stability tool of the system theory. The simulation results indicate that the presented stabilization method is effective and practically useful in the analysis and control of the complex conjugate-order systems.
Reduced multiple model predictive control of an heating, ventilating, and air conditioning system using gap metric and stability margin
Authors: Rikhtehgar Pouya , Haeri Mohammad
Published: May 2022

In this paper, a reduced multiple-model predictive controller based on gap metric and stability margin is presented to control heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. To tackle the strong nonlinearity and large number of degrees of freedom in HVAC system, two approaches, called Reduced Order Model Bank-Multiple Model (ROMB-MM) and Multiple Model-Reduced Order Model (MM-ROM), are introduced. In the first approach, the order reduction is performed prior to multiple models selection and in the second one multiple models selection is implemented before the model order reduction. Furthermore, soft switching is employed to enhance the closed-loop performance as well as to gain optimal energy consumption. In order to evaluate the proposed approaches, a sliding mode controller is also simulated to compare the results in terms of energy and cost savings, transient and steady-state responses, and robustness against external disturbances and model uncertainties.

Practical application: HVAC control systems are in charge of control indoor air temperature with energy optimization so that the thermal comfort is maintained. But how to model HVAC systems in each weather conditions is a significant challenge. A simpler and more accurate model will provide more efficient control of indoor air temperature. This paper suggests model order reduction and multiple model to select the simple linear model(s) in extreme weather conditions. The effectiveness of the proposed method can be implemented on nonlinear HVAC system.
Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for a Giant Well-Differentiated Liposarcoma Originated from Hypopharynx
Authors: Zhou Xu , Xu Xiao-Yue , Zhou Ping-Hong
Published: May 2022

Hypopharyngeal liposarcoma is an extremely rare entity, and yet fewer than 40 cases have been reported in the literature. Lacking the possibility of distant metastases, local surgical resection with a clear margin can achieve the purpose of treatment. Endoscopic submucosal dissection has been widely used in the treatment of early upper gastrointestinal cancer and superficial hypopharyngeal cancer. Here, we present a case of a giant tumor originated from the hypopharynx that received primary resection by endoscopic submucosal dissection using a flexible upper gastroscope.
Complete Laryngotracheal Separation Secondary to Blunt Trauma: A Case Report
Authors: Alharbi Salmah M. , Najmi Albaraa A. , Alzahrani Mohammad S. , Alkathiri Assaf A. , Alhelali Abdullah A. , Alqarni Saad N.
Published: May 2022

Complete laryngotracheal separation is a rare life-threatening trauma that may occur due to road traffic accidents. Unfortunately, this injury may be missed if emergency physicians were not aware of its possibility. We present a pediatric patient who had complete laryngotracheal separation and esophageal injury caused by strangulation with a headscarf while riding a four-wheeled motorcycle. The neck on external examination showed only a ligature mark without open wounds. The injury was identified while attempting tracheostomy as the patient had a decreased oxygen saturation and was aphonic. The patient underwent complete airway reconstruction and stenting as well as low tracheostomy with complete reconstruction and anastomosis of the esophagus. The patient was decannulated after a few weeks with the vocal cords in paramedian position and no aspiration. This case demonstrates that early prompt treatment can save the patient’s life and result in good functional outcomes.
Bundle Up Before You Go: Toward a Bundle Approach to Product Categorization
Authors: Yang Jie , Li Stan Xiao
Published: May 2022

Market participants, such as producers and audiences, often use a list of categories to label, evaluate, or promote products. Extant category research focuses overwhelmingly on a category's social properties and connectivity to explain why a category is used to describe a product. However, categories often cluster together, and little is known about how this clustering affects the appearance of a category in the description of a product. In this article, we define the easily reproducible clustering of categories as a category bundle and develop a novel measurement, bundle congruence, to measure the fitness of the category bundle. We argue that audiences employ bundle congruence to choose or exclude categories. In markets in which audiences dominate product categorization, a category's bundle congruence in a product's descriptions increases the probability that it is used for the product. Moreover, the overall bundle congruence of a product elevates the economic returns of the focal product. Our arguments are supported by an empirical analysis of feature films produced in North America. This study not only enriches the understanding of the bundle structure of the category system but also provides a novel explanation of why category spanning remains ubiquitous, despite the findings of previous studies, which assert that category-straddling products are prone to be punished financially.
Civic Equity for Students With Disabilities
Authors: Bueso Leah
Published: May 2022

Background/Context: In its pursuit for equal opportunity for all students, the field of civic education has largely ignored a significant segment of the school population: students with disabilities (SWD). While numerous studies have documented the benefits of high-quality civic learning for youth, these benefits are not equally distributed among students. Indeed, White students, economically advantaged students, and students in higher tracked classes are the most likely to participate in high-quality civic learning opportunities. Meanwhile, little is known about the high-quality civic learning opportunities provided to SWD because they are routinely absent from research and policy discussions.

Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study: Any meaningful commitment to respecting SWD as competent, contributing citizens in a democratic society requires preparing them to advocate for themselves and for others as fully as possible, which in turn requires high-quality civic learning opportunities in our schools. Moreover, we need to better understand which students are included in civic education and in what ways because these efforts communicate important lessons about who is a valued member of “we the people” and the school community. As such, this study explores the current landscape of civic education for SWD by examining the extent to which they receive equitable exposure to high-quality civic learning opportunities and engage civically within their communities.

Research Design: Drawing on more than 48,000 survey responses from high school students in Chicago Public Schools, a quantitative analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between four demographic variables (disability status, socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity, and gender) and seven outcome variables attending to both traditional and digital forms of civic education. Notably, this appears to be the first large-scale empirical study to examine these indicators for SWD.

Conclusions/Recommendations: There are statistically significant differences between the civic education experiences provided to SWD and students without disabilities, even when controlling for socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity, and gender. In particular, SWD are more likely to be excluded from discussion-based experiences than service-based experiences. Moreover, the magnitude of the differences based on disability status was equal to or greater than that of the differences explained by other demographic variables in the majority of cases. These findings demonstrate that disability status is a factor that deserves greater attention in civic education research and pedagogy.
The Deadlock in European Decision-Making on GMOs as a Wicked Problem by Design: A Need for Repoliticization
Authors: Mampuys Ruth
Published: May 2022

Altering the DNA of living organisms, also genetic modification, genetic engineering, or genetic manipulation, is playing an increasing and significant role in our lives, our food, and our environment. At the same time, the societal acceptance of this technology varies widely, and scientific uncertainties play a recurring role in the safety assessment of applications. In Europe, decision-making about genetically modified (GM) crops has become a laborious process in which scientific uncertainty and societal controversy are used as reasons to delay or halt GM crop authorizations as well as decisions about the legal status of new techniques such as gene editing. This article discusses the contributions and limitations of technocratic, participatory, and regulatory strategies that have been used to mitigate the situation. I will argue why scientific knowledge, input from participatory activities, and regulatory measures alone or all together are insufficient to resolve the deadlock in decision-making about biotechnology. I highlight the essential role of politics in this process because without political prioritization, gene editing in Europe will end up in the same deadlock.
Life Events and Loneliness Among Older Women of Diverse Sexual Identities: Application of the Stress Process Model
Authors: Lam Jack , Campbell Alice
Published: May 2022

Loneliness among older adults has been a topic of interest in recent years. We analyse four waves of data from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health. We estimate growth models to examine differences in loneliness trajectories from age 50 for women who identify as exclusively heterosexual, plurisexual (bisexual, mainly heterosexual, mainly lesbian) and exclusively lesbian. We find no significant differences in levels of loneliness across sexual identity groups at age 50. We find that while loneliness trajectories of exclusively heterosexual women trend down, levels of loneliness increase with age among plurisexual women. Adverse health events and relationship problems increase loneliness to a greater extent among plurisexual women compared to exclusively heterosexual and exclusively lesbian women. Our results suggest older lesbian women may have accumulated social or personal resources or developed coping mechanisms over the courses of their lives, while plurisexual women remain a vulnerable group.
Social Justice Through Sport and Exercise Studies: A Manifesto
Authors: Adamson Brynn , Adamson Matthew , Clarke Caitlin , Richardson Emma V. , Sydnor Synthia
Published: May 2022

This manifesto reimagines social justice in physical cultural studies by renaming, broadening, and building new characterizations of the body, dis/ability, mental health, exercise, social oppression, and sport. We problematize embedded ‘myths’ in exercise and sports studies scholarship for purposes of informing praxis-based research, and emancipatory practical agendas. These ‘myths’ include the embodied tragedy myth, the myth of bodily control, the sport for peace/development myth, the exercise is medicine myth, the healthism and exercise myth, the compulsory ablemindedness and exercise myth, and the exercise is cost-effective myth. Using intersecting and diverging theories, we propose new ways of knowing these taken for granted notions to springboard a new, socially just, emancipatory approach to research and practice.
The Rise of Three Rs Centres and Platforms in Europe*
Authors: Neuhaus Winfried , Reininger-Gutmann Birgit , Rinner Beate , Plasenzotti Roberto , Wilflingseder Doris , De Kock Joery , Vanhaecke Tamara , Rogiers Vera , Jírová Dagmar , Kejlová Kristina , Knudsen Lisbeth E. , Nielsen Rasmus Normann , Kleuser Burkhard , Kral Vivian , Thöne-Reineke Christa , Hartung Thomas , Pallocca Giorgia , Leist Marcel , Hippenstiel Stefan , Lang Annemarie , Retter Ida , Krämer Stephanie , Jedlicka Peter , Ameli Katharina , Fritsche Ellen , Tigges Julia , Buettner Manuela , Bleich Andre , Baumgart Nadine , Baumgart Jan , Meinhardt Marcus W. , Spanagel Rainer , Chourbaji Sabine , Kränzlin Bettina , Seeger Bettina , von Köckritz-Blickwede Maren , Sánchez-Morgado José M. , Galligioni Viola , Ruiz-Pérez Daniel , Movia Dania , Prina-Mello Adriele , Ahluwalia Arti , Chiono Valeria , Gutleb Arno C. , Schmit Marthe , van Golen Bea , van Weereld Leane , Kienhuis Anne , van Oort Erica , van der Valk Jan , Smith Adrian , Roszak Joanna , Stępnik Maciej , Sobańska Zuzanna , Olsson I. Anna S. , Franco Nuno Henrique , Sevastre Bogdan , Kandarova Helena , Capdevila Sara , Johansson Jessica , Cederroth Christopher R. , Sandström Jenny , Ragan Ian , Bubalo Nataliia , Spielmann Horst
Published: May 2022

Public awareness and discussion about animal experiments and replacement methods has greatly increased in recent years. The term ‘the Three Rs’, which stands for the Replacement, Reduction and Refinement of animal experiments, is inseparably linked in this context. A common goal within the Three Rs scientific community is to develop predictive non-animal models and to better integrate all available data from in vitro, in silico and omics technologies into regulatory decision-making processes regarding, for example, the toxicity of chemicals, drugs or food ingredients. In addition, it is a general concern to implement (human) non-animal methods in basic research. Toward these efforts, there has been an ever-increasing number of Three Rs centres and platforms established over recent years — not only to develop novel methods, but also to disseminate knowledge and help to implement the Three Rs principles in policies and education. The adoption of Directive 2010/63/EU on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes gave a strong impetus to the creation of Three Rs initiatives, in the form of centres and platforms. As the first of a series of papers, this article gives an overview of the European Three Rs centres and platforms, and their historical development. The subsequent articles, to be published over the course of ATLA’s 50th Anniversary year, will summarise the current focus and tasks as well as the future and the plans of the Three Rs centres and platforms. The Three Rs centres and platforms are very important points of contact and play an immense role in their respective countries as ‘on the ground’ facilitators of Directive 2010/63/EU. They are also invaluable for the widespread dissemination of information and for promoting implementation of the Three Rs in general.
Evaluation of a Low-cost Renal Simulator for the Diagnostic Ultrasound Training of Veterinary Medicine Students
Authors: Lozada-Gallegos Angel R. , Campero-Ruíz Velasco Irma , Pérez-Rivero Juan J.
Published: May 2022

The acquisition of ultrasound diagnostic skills via training is important for undergraduate veterinary medical students. Unfortunately, commercial simulators are costly, which limits their use and makes it necessary to develop low-cost simulators for training purposes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an easily constructed, low-cost, high-fidelity renal simulator for use in diagnostic ultrasound training of veterinary medical students. To construct the simulators, donated cat kidneys were embedded in a prepared agar matrix. The echogenicity of ultrasound scans obtained on the kidney simulator was assessed by the subject lecturers and compared with images acquired during clinical routine diagnostic procedures. Five students with no prior experience of the technique, under the direct supervision of a lecturer, performed five B-mode ultrasound examinations of the renal structure of the simulator. The structure of the kidney was assessed, and its length, width and thickness were measured. Three lecturers performed the same procedure as the students, and their results were used for comparison. Appropriate anatomical and ultrasonographic realism was achieved for each of the three layers of the kidney (cortex, medulla and pelvis), and similar pixel values were obtained with the simulator model and actual clinical diagnostic ultrasounds. In addition, the kidney dimensions acquired by the students were consistent with those acquired by the lecturers. Thus, the proposed kidney simulator can be used for the training of veterinary medicine students in ultrasonographic diagnostic techniques.
Determining the genital hygiene behaviours of visually impaired women
Authors: Özdemir Havva , Kılıç Uçar Ayşe
Published: May 2022

Genital hygiene is one of the most important factors in the protection of women’s reproductive health. Thus, detailed knowledge of the genital hygiene behaviours of visually impaired women is crucial for preventive and curative health services. This descriptive study was conducted to determine the genital hygiene behaviours of visually impaired women. The study was conducted with 90 visually impaired women who were members of the ‘Altı Nokta Körler’ association. A data collection form was developed within the scope of the study. The data were collected through the face-to-face interview method between October 2018 and June 2019. The results show that the ratios of women who think that self-care and genital hygiene behaviours are affected by their visual impairment are 18.9% and 21.1%, respectively. Of those who think that visual impairment affects their self-care, 76.5% need someone else to notice their lack of self-care, and the remaining women notice this lack through their bodily reactions, such as bad odours and dirt. It was found that more than half of the women (58.9%) had a vaginal shower only after sexual intercourse. Among women, 35.6% of them thought that visual impairment was an obstacle to gynaecological examination. The regular gynaecological examination rates of these women were only 8.9%. It was found that the majority of women (78.9%) experienced abnormal vaginal discharge, but only 23.9% applied to a health institution. Visually impaired women have similar deficient genital hygiene behaviours to non-disabled women. In addition, visually impaired women face difficulties in maintaining personal and genital hygiene and in receiving health services.
African Pentecostal Churches and Racialized Xenophobia: International Migrants as Agents of Transformational Development?
Authors: Hankela Elina , Swart Ignatius , Nishimwe Clementine
Published: May 2022

Scholarship on Pentecostal potential and practice forms a significant part of the debate on religion and development, not least when the focus is on sub-Saharan Africa. Yet in this debate African Pentecostal migrant communities have scarcely been represented. The article focuses on two such communities in South Africa, arguing that they may be regarded as developmental agents in the context of racialized xenophobia, even if they do not portray themselves as such. The argument is based on ethnographic fieldwork and shaped through employing the concept of transformational development that centers on restoring relationships. The article concludes that the two communities – living in a context affected by racialized xenophobia – contribute meaningfully towards restoring relationships between people and God, one's relationship with oneself, relationships within the church community as well as relationships between the church community and the neighborhood.
Editing the Story of Life in the Experience of Grief: An Intercultural Pastoral Care of the Nias Church in Indonesia
Authors: Gulo Alokasih , Subandrijo Bambang , Rachmadi Simon
Published: May 2022

In the moment of grief, people need consolation coming from the very core of human existence: living communication with one’s source of being. This communication ensues stories of life-sustaining one’s self-identity and spiritual vitality. When a story of life enlightens one’s experience of grief, it becomes a curative force for one’s soul-healing process. Yet if the life story becomes ineffective, it needs an “editing” process—or a revision—to get a meaning reconstruction that is more compatible with the grief situation. Using a postcolonial ethnography, we evaluate the pastoral care done by Nias Christian Church for people experiencing grief. We will describe a theoretical framework to argue that pastoral care is fundamentally an editing process of the story of life-sustaining the well-being of the human soul. We, then, will describe the Nias tradition on grief. Finally, we will discuss how the church should develop pastoral care interculturally.
Young adults’ intergroup prosocial behavior and its associations with social dominance orientation, social identities, prosocial moral obligation, and belongingness
Authors: Xiao Sonya Xinyue , Shi Qinxin , Liew Jeffrey
Published: May 2022

In an increasingly diverse world, understanding young adults’ intergroup prosocial behavior toward diverse others may inform ways to reduce intergroup conflict and cultivate an equitable and inclusive society. The college years are often the first time that young adults begin to explore their social identities and intergroup relations independently from their parents. Thus, we focused on college students and examined social dominance orientation, social positions, prosocial obligation, and the sense of belongingness in relation to their intergroup prosocial behavior across four domains (i.e., age, gender, race/ethnicity, and department affiliation). Participants were 1163 young adults aged 18–24 years (63.2% females, 34.5% males, and 2.3% gender diverse; 50.7% White, 19.6% Latino, 25% Asian, 2.3% Black) from a large public Southwestern university . Four profiles of intergroup prosocial behavior (self-serving, altruistic, selfish, and reverse ethnic racial bias) were identified and they were differentially related to the social, cognitive, and contextual correlates we examined. Overall, findings highlighted the need to foster intergroup prosocial behavior and the benefits of intergroup prosocial behavior to young adults’ sense of belongingness.
Developmental changes in best friendship quality during emerging adulthood
Authors: Langheit Stéphanie , Poulin François
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine change in four features of best friendship quality (intimacy, companionship, reliable alliance and conflict) from age 19 to 30 by gender and investment in romantic life. To this end, 363 participants (58% women) were asked about the quality of the relationship with their best friend and their level of investment in romantic life at ages 19, 20, 21, 22, 25 and 30. Latent growth curve analysis revealed a slight increase in reliable alliance and companionship and a slight decrease in intimacy in the early 20s followed by a steeper drop for these three features (quadratic trajectories), while conflict declined linearly. Women reported higher levels of intimacy and companionship and less conflict than men did at 19 years old. Also, their intimacy diminished throughout their 20s, slightly at first but more strongly thereafter. For men, it was lower early on and remained stable afterwards. Finally, investment in romantic life at age 19 was associated with change in intimacy levels shared with their best friend. This study confirms that features of best friendship quality change differently from one another during emerging adulthood and demonstrates the influence of gender and investment in romantic life on these changes.
Efficacy of an integrated intervention with vocabulary and phonetic training for Mandarin-speaking children with developmental language disorders
Authors: Chen Yuchun , Lin Wen-Jing
Published: May 2022

Background: Children with developmental language disorder (DLD) demonstrate deficits in vocabulary development and novel word learning processes, which have been proposed to stem from their speech perception deficits. Aims: This study had two aims. The first was to evaluate the efficacy of an intervention incorporating a computer-based phonetic training programme with rich and explicit vocabulary instruction. The second aim was to investigate the adjuvant treatment effect of phonetic training on word learning performance. Methods and procedures: The experimental group comprised 34 children with DLD aged 5–7 years, and the control group comprised another 15 children with DLD. All participants in the experimental group attended 1-h direct vocabulary instruction classes weekly for 9 weeks. They were also asked to play computer-based phonetic training games individually at home or school. Pre-post differences between groups in word definition and speech perception tasks were examined. The relationship between the experimental group's vocabulary learning performance and scores on the phonetic training games was examined using correlation analysis. Results: Between-group comparisons revealed that children in the experimental group exhibited significantly greater pre-post gains in word definition task than did the control group. Children in the experimental group performed better in the lexical tone posttest No improvement in the speech discrimination tasks was detected in the control group. Finally, correlation analyses indicated a positive relationship between the total number of phonetic games played and the pre-post gain in the word definition production task. The children's response accuracy in the lexical tone discrimination games was significantly correlated with the performance of the posttest tone discrimination task and the pre-post gain in the word definition task. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that vocabulary intervention programmes incorporating speech perception training promote children's vocabulary and speech perception abilities. These findings can serve as evidence to support future school-based studies.
Starting up, not slowing down: Social entrepreneurial intentions in later working-life
Authors: Djebali Zeineb , Di Domenico MariaLaura , Saunders Mark NK
Published: May 2022

Despite a growing literature on entrepreneurial intentions, there remain gaps in the understanding of how these are affected by the age of later working-life social entrepreneurs. This research examined the ‘over-50s’ social entrepreneur understandings of age as an antecedent of their social entrepreneurial intentions. In-depth interviews were conducted with 28 UK-based social entrepreneurs. Our findings demonstrate that social entrepreneurial intentions in later working-life are influenced by an interplay of necessity, fulfilment and experienced later life, age being perceived as a positive construct rather than as a barrier. Our research contributes to the social entrepreneurship and small business literature by enhancing and advancing current knowledge and theorisation of the social entrepreneurial intentions of the over-50s. We reveal first, how social entrepreneurs make sense of their older age and the influence of their social entrepreneurial intentions; and second, how these social entrepreneurial intentions are formed by the intertwining of necessity, fulfilment and experienced later life.
Electronic records management in Tanzanian courts
Authors: Hassan Dotto Maulid , Mwantimwa Kelefa
Published: May 2022

Conventional records management systems are mostly used to support court operations and service delivery in Tanzania despite the substantial development of ICTs. The objectives of this study were to: examine types of e-records managed, explore staff perceptions of the usefulness of e-records management, and analyse factors limiting electronic records management in selected courts. A survey design comprising qualitative and quantitative research approaches was employed to meet these objectives. Standardised questionnaires, followed by semi-structured interviews and observation were used to collect data. The findings of the study suggest that e-records management is still in its infancy stage in the courts studied, since the majority of records are still managed using manual systems. The findings further inform that even though the adoption of e-records is ineffective, staff positively perceive the approach. According to the study, ineffectiveness of e-records management is a result of inadequate qualified staff and training on e-records management, shortage of technical staff to support the use of e-records management systems, inadequate funds, ineffective e-records management legal frameworks, and poor implementation strategies. As such, the study recommends diversification of funding sources, capacity building through training and retraining, formulation of e-records management policies and standards, and motivation of court staff.
Unilateral versus bilateral anterograde cerebral perfusion in acute type A aortic dissection repair: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tasoudis Panagiotis T. , Varvoglis Dimitrios N. , Vitkos Evangelos , Ikonomidis John S. , Athanasiou Thanos
Published: May 2022

Objectives:

The aim of the study is to compare the safety and efficacy of unilateral anterograde cerebral perfusion (UACP) and bilateral anterograde cerebral perfusion (BACP) for acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD).

Methods:

A systematic review of the MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases (last search: August 7th, 2021) was performed according to the PRISMA statement. Studies directly comparing UACP versus BACP for ATAAD were included. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed.

Results:

Eight retrospective cohort studies were identified, incorporating 2416 patients (UACP: 843, BACP: 1573). No statistically significant difference was observed regarding in-hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR]:1.05 [95% Confidence Interval (95% CI):0.70–1.57]), permanent neurological deficit (PND) (OR: 0.94 [95% CI: 0.52–1.70]), transient neurological deficit (TND) (OR: 1.37 [95% CI: 0.98–1.92]), renal failure (OR: 0.96 [95% CI: 0.70–1.32]), and re-exploration for bleeding (OR: 0.77 [95% CI: 0.48–1.22]). Meta-regression analysis revealed that PND and TND were not influenced by differences in rates of total arch repair, Bentall procedure, and concomitant CABG in UACP and BACP groups. Cardiopulmonary bypass time (Standard Mean Difference [SMD]: −0.11 [95% CI: −0.22, 0.44]), Cross clamp time (SMD: −0.04 [95% CI: −0.38, 0.29]), and hypothermic circulatory arrest time (SMD: −0.12 [95% CI: −0.55, 0.30]) were comparable between UACP and BACP. Intensive care unit stay was shorter in BACP arm (SMD:0.16 [95% CI: 0.01, 0.31]); however, length of hospital stay was shorter in UACP arm (SMD: −0.25 [95% CI: −0.45, −0.06]).

Conclusions:

UACP and BACP had similar results in terms of in-hospital mortality, PND, TND, renal failure, and re-exploration for bleeding rate in patients with ATAAD. ICU stay was shorter in the BACP arm while LOS was shorter in the UACP arm.
Elevated C-reactive protein among symptomatic youth with bipolar disorder
Authors: Zou Yi , Grigorian Anahit , Karthikeyan Sudhir , Goldstein Benjamin I
Published: May 2022

Rationale and Objectives:

Increased levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) are associated with mood symptoms in adults with bipolar disorder (BD). The few studies on this topic in youth with BD have not included controls. We, therefore, examined CRP levels in relation to symptomatic status in youth with and without BD.

Methods:

Participants included 154 youth (mean age 17 years; 48 asymptomatic BD, 39 symptomatic BD, 67 healthy controls (HC)). Rank analysis of covariance test examined group differences in CRP, controlling for age and sex. Correlation between CRP and mood symptom severity was examined using Spearman’s correlation within the BD group.

Results:

There were significant group differences in CRP levels ( F(2,151) = 5.06, p = 0.007, [Formula: see text]); post hoc analyses showed higher CRP levels in the symptomatic BD group compared with HC ( p = 0.01). In sensitivity analyses, this finding was no longer significant after controlling for body mass index (BMI). CRP was not significantly associated with symptomatic severity.

Conclusions:

CRP levels are elevated among symptomatic youth with BD, partly related to BMI. As elevated BMI is associated with mood symptom burden, prospective studies are warranted to parse the associations among mood symptoms, BMI, and inflammation. Given the proportion of time that youth with BD are symptomatic, present findings raise concern about the long-term impact of elevated CRP on blood vessels, brain, and related clinical outcomes.
Increased interictal synchronicity of respiratory related brain pulsations in epilepsy
Authors: Kananen Janne , Järvelä Matti , Korhonen Vesa , Tuovinen Timo , Huotari Niko , Raitamaa Lauri , Helakari Heta , Väyrynen Tommi , Raatikainen Ville , Nedergaard Maiken , Ansakorpi Hanna , Jacobs Julia , LeVan Pierre , Kiviniemi Vesa
Published: May 2022

Respiratory brain pulsations have recently been shown to drive electrophysiological brain activity in patients with epilepsy. Furthermore, functional neuroimaging indicates that respiratory brain pulsations have increased variability and amplitude in patients with epilepsy compared to healthy individuals. To determine whether the respiratory drive is altered in epilepsy, we compared respiratory brain pulsation synchronicity between healthy controls and patients. Whole brain fast functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed on 40 medicated patients with focal epilepsy, 20 drug-naïve patients and 102 healthy controls. Cerebrospinal fluid associated respiratory pulsations were used to generate individual whole brain respiratory synchronization maps, which were compared between groups. Finally, we analyzed the seizure frequency effect and diagnostic accuracy of the respiratory synchronization defect in epilepsy. Respiratory brain pulsations related to the verified fourth ventricle pulsations were significantly more synchronous in patients in frontal, periventricular and mid-temporal regions, while the seizure frequency correlated positively with synchronicity. The respiratory brain synchronicity had a good diagnostic accuracy (ROCAUC = 0.75) in discriminating controls from medicated patients. The elevated respiratory brain synchronicity in focal epilepsy suggests altered physiological effect of cerebrospinal fluid pulsations possibly linked to regional brain water dynamics involved with interictal brain physiology.