bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regulation by Progestins, Corticosteroids and RU486 of Activation of Elephant Shark and Human Progesterone Receptors: An Evolutionary Perspective
Authors: Lin Xiaozhi , Takagi Wataru , Hyodo Susumu , Ijiri Shigeho , Katsu Yoshinao , Baker Michael
Published: January 2021

We investigated progestin and corticosteroid activation of the progesterone receptor (PR) from elephant shark (Callorhinchus milii), a cartilaginous fish belonging to the oldest group of jawed vertebrates. Comparison with human PR experiments provides insights into the evolution of steroid activation of human PR. At 1 nM steroid, elephant shark PR is activated by progesterone, 17-hydroxy-progesterone, 20b-hydroxy-progesterone, 11-deoxycorticosterone (21-hydroxyprogesterone) and 11-deoxycortisol. At 1 nM steroid, human PR is activated only by progesterone and11-deoxycorticosterone indicating increased specificity for progestins and corticosteroids during the evolution of human PR. RU486, an important clinical antagonist of human PR, did not inhibit progesterone activation of elephant shark PR. Cys-528 in elephant shark PR corresponds to Gly-722 in human PR, which is essential for RU486 inhibition of human PR. Confirming the importance of this site on elephant shark PR, RU486 inhibited progesterone activation of the Cys528Gly mutant PR. There also was a decline in activation of elephant shark Cys528Gly PR by 11-deoxycortisol, 17-hydroxy-progesterone and 20b-hydroxy-progesterone and an increase in activation of human Gly722Cys PR by 11-deoxycortisol and decreased activation by corticosterone. One or more of these changes may have selected for the mutation corresponding to human glycine-722 PR that first evolved in platypus PR, a basal mammal.
LINC00680 enhances hepatocellular carcinoma stemness behavior and chemoresistance by sponging miR-568 to upregulate AKT3
Authors: Shu Gege , Su Huizhao , Wang Zhiqian , Lai Shihui , Wang Yan , Liu Xiaomeng , Dai Luo , Bi Yin , Chen Wei , Huang Weiyu , Zhou Ziyan , He Songqing , Dai Hongliang , Tang Bo
Published: January 2021

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has an extremely poor prognosis due to the development of chemoresistance, coupled with inherently increased stemness properties. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are key regulators for tumor cell stemness and chemosensitivity. Currently the relevance between LINC00680 and tumor progression was still largely unknown, with only one study showing its significance in glioblastoma. The study herein was aimed at identifying the role of LINC00680 in the regulation HCC stemness and chemosensitivity. Methods: QRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of LINC00680, miR-568 and AKT3 in tissue specimen and cell lines. Gain- or loss-of function assays were applied to access the function of LINC00680 in HCC cells, including cell proliferation and stemness properties. HCC stemness and chemosensitivity were determined by sphere formation, cell viability and colony formation. Luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and RNA pull-down assays were performed to examine the interaction between LINC00680 and miR-568 as well as that between miR-568 and AKT3. A nude mouse xenograft model was established for the in vivo study.Results: We found that LINC00680 was remarkably upregulated in HCC tissues. Patients with high level of LINC00680 had poorer prognosis. LINC00680 overexpression significantly enhanced HCC cell stemness and decreased in vitro and in vivo chemosensitivity to 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu), whereas LINC00680 knockdown led to opposite results. Mechanism study revealed that LINC00680 regulated HCC stemness and chemosensitivity through sponging miR-568, thereby expediting the expression of AKT3, which further activated its downstream signaling molecules, including mTOR, elF4EBP1, and p70S6K.Conclusion: LINC00680 promotes HCC stemness properties and decreases chemosensitivity through sponging miR-568 to activate AKT3, suggesting that LINC00680 might be a potentially important HCC diagnosis marker and therapeutic target.
The Use of Medicinal Plants to Prevent COVID-19 in Nepal
Authors: Khadka Dipak , Dhamala Man Kumar , Li Feifei , Aryal Prakash Chandra , Magar Pappu Rana , Bhatta Sijar , Thakur Manju Shree , Basnet Anup , Shi Shi , Cui Dafang
Published: January 2021

Background: Medicinal plants are the fundamental unit of traditional medicine system in Nepal. Nepalese people are rich in traditional medicine especially in folk medicine (ethnomedicine) and this system is gaining much attention after 1995. The use of medicinal plants have increased during COVID-19 pandemic as a private behavior (not under the control of government). Lot of misinterpretations of the use of medicinal plants to treat or prevent COVID-19 have been spreading throughout Nepal which need to be managed proactively. In this context, a research was needed to document medicinal plants used, their priority of use in society, cultivation status and source of information people follow to use them. This study aimed to document the present status of medicinal plant use and make important suggestion to the concern authorities.Methods: This study used a web-based survey to collect primary data related to medicinal plants used during COVID-19. A total of 774 respondents took part in the survey. The study calculated the relative frequencies of citation (RFC) for the recorded medicinal plants. The relationship between plants recorded and different covariates (age, gender education, occupation, living place, and treatment methods were assessed using Kruskal Wallis test and Wilcox test. The relationship between the information sources people follow and respondent characteristics, were assessed using chi-square test.Results: The study found that the use of medicinal plants has increased during COVID-19 and most of the respondents recommended medicinal plants to prevent COVID-19. This study recorded a total of 60 plants belonging to 36 families. The leaves of the plants were the most frequently used. The Zingiber officinale was the most cited species with the frequency of citation 0.398. Most of the people (45.61%), were getting medicinal plants from their home garden. The medicinal plants recorded were significantly associated with the education level, location of home, primary treatment mode, gender, and age class. The information source of plants was significantly associated with the education, gender, method of treatment, occupation, living with family, and location of home during lockdown caused by COVID-19.Conclusions: People were using more medicinal plants during COVID-19 claiming that they can prevent or cure COVID-19. This should be taken seriously by concerned authorities. The authorities should test the validity of these medicinal plants and control the flow of false information spread through research and awareness programs.
Characteristics and chemical reactivity of biogenic volatile organic compounds from dominant forest species in the Jing-Jin-Ji area, China
Authors: Lin Ying , Lun Xiaoxiu , Tang Wei , Zhang Zhongzhi , Jing Xiaoxi , Fan Chong
Published: January 2021

Background: Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) play an essential role in tropospheric atmospheric chemical reactions. There are few studies conducted on BVOCs emissions of dominant forest species in the Jing-Jin-Ji area. Based on the field survey, forest resources data and the measured standard emission factors, this paper applies the Guenther model developed in 1993 (G93) to estimate the emissions of BVOCs from several dominant forest species (Platycladus orientalis, Quercus variabilis, Betula platyphylla, Populus tomentosa, Pinus tabuliformis, Robinia pseudoacacia, Ulmus pumila, Salix babylonica and Larix gmelinii) in the Jing-Jin-Ji area in 2017. Then the spatiotemporal emission characteristics and atmospheric chemical reactivity of these species were extensively evaluated. Results: Results showed that the total annual BVOCs emissions were estimated to be 70.8 Gg C·a-1, consisting of 40.5% (28.7 Gg C·a-1) isoprene, 36.0% (25.5 Gg C·a-1) monoterpenes and 23.4% (16.6 Gg C·a-1) other VOCs. The emissions from Platycladus orientalis, Quercus variabilis, Populus tomentosa and Pinus tabulaeformis contributed 56.1%, 41.2%, 36.0% and 31.1%, respectively. In summer and winter, BVOCs emissions from the Jing-Jin-Ji area accounted for 61.9% and 1.8% of the annual total. Up to 28.8% of emissions were detected from Chengde followed by Beijing with 24.9%, mainly distributed in the Taihang Mountains and the Yanshan Mountains. Additionally, the Robinia pseudoacacia, Populus tomentosa, Quercus variabilis, and Pinus tabulaeformis contributed mainly to BVOCs reaction activity. Conclusions: Emissions peaked in summer (June, July, and August) and bottomed out in winter (December, January, and February). Chengde contributed the most, followed by Beijing. Platycladus orientalis, Quercus variabilis, Populus tomentosa, Pinus tabulaeformis and Robinia pseudoacacia represent the primary contributors to BVOCs emissions and atmospheric reactivity, hence the planting of these species should be reduced.
PECULIARITIES ОF PRIVATIZATIОN ОF STATE AND CОMMUNAL PRОPERTY: FОREIGN EXPERIENCE
Authors: Slabunova Yu.V. , Zhylenkо M.M.
Published: January 2021

The article analyzes fоreign experience оf privatizatiоn. It has been determined that in a transitiоn ecоnоmy, privatizatiоn acts as a multivariate prоcess that is characterized by an alternative character in terms оf pоssible sоciо-ecоnоmic cоnsequences. Special attentiоn is paid tо the analysis оf key nоrmative legal acts in the sphere оf privatizatiоn in Ukraine, aimed at creating cоnditiоns fоr increasing the efficiency оf activity оf enterprises, institutiоns, and оrganizatiоns. In the paper, it is determined that despite significant changes in the legal regulatiоn оf privatizatiоn in Ukraine there are many unresоlved prоblems in this directiоn. The article determines that the privatizatiоn in Ukraine practically did nоt take intо accоunt the wоrld experience in this field. Therefоre, it is advisable tо analyze the peculiarities оf privatizatiоn in fоreign cоuntries and intrоduce a pоsitive experience оf legal regulatiоn in оur cоuntry. It was determined that in develоped cоuntries, the predоminant methоds оf privatizatiоn were the direct sale оf assets tо the оwner as well as the sale оf assets in the stоck market. It is stated that it became an impоrtant sоurce оf revenues tо the state budget, and alsо attracted investments in the privatized оbject. The prоcesses оf privatizatiоn in such cоuntries as Great Britain, France, Germany, Belgium, Hungary are cоnsidered. Particular attentiоn was paid tо pоst-sоcialist cоuntries. It was determined that in these cоuntries privatizatiоn methоds depended оn hоw, in what fоrms, and оn what grоunds, state prоperty was transferred tо new оwners: free оr paid (оn preferential terms оr fоr full оwnership), in check оr in cash, clоsed оr оpen (in public fоrm). It is alsо mentiоned that the Pоlish experience оf privatizatiоn can be useful fоr Ukraine, as Pоland in the Eastern Eurоpean regiоn has a leading rоle in the prоcesses оf change оf оwnership. It has been determined that the fоreign experience оf privatizatiоn is beneficial fоr Ukraine, but it shоuld be used taking intо accоunt the peculiarities оf the current legislatiоn and the pоssibilities оf the ecоnоmy.
Keywоrds: privatizatiоn, the privatizatiоn mоdel, state оwnership, cоmmunal оwnership.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPORTS IN UKRAINE AND ABROAD
Authors: Kulish A.M. , Turpitko V.V.
Published: January 2021

Sport has always served to establish peace, to help different peoples of the world to study each other’s culture, to create conditions for the humane resolution of conflicts, to be an opportunity to express their talents. Therefore, he never fell out of sight of society. In this work, the authors present the formation and development of sports in Ukraine and abroad. The main features of the primitive community were identified. It is determined that the invention of the chariot for the physical culture of the states: Babylon, Ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, Ancient India, China, Persia became the starting point for the further development of sports in this region. It has been found that ancient Greece made a significant contribution to the development of sports. After all, it was the basis of the main principles of modern professional sport. Attention is drawn to the Olympic Games that took place in Ancient Greece: their appearance, conditions, prohibition, and revival Pierre de Coubertin. Further new competitions (Paralympic Games, Olympic Games, etc.) were added to them. It is revealed that international organizations and institutions have been set up to control such competitions. The authors found that religion had a great influence on the formation of physical culture during the Middle Ages and during the Renaissance. Trends in the development of modern sport and the factors that influence it was found out. As a result, it was concluded that sports are currently in the process of transformation. Therefore, the authors indicate what has the greatest influence on the formation and continued existence of sports. The main stages of the formation of physical culture in Ukraine were analyzed. It is also established that Ukraine has built a domestic sport in accordance with world experience in this field.
Keywords: sports, physical culture, Olympics, doping, consolidating function.
La virtud del desprendimiento o señorío según Leonardo Polo
Authors: Sellés Dauder Juan Fernando
Published: January 2021

Teniendo en cuenta los tres niveles jerárquicamente distintos que Leonardo Polo distingue en el hombre, naturaleza corpórea, esencia inmaterial (inteligencia, voluntad y personalidad) y acto de ser personal, la pobreza puede afectar a una u otra capa; y su gravedad es distinta según afecte a una u otra. Individualismo, igualitarismo, masificación, subjetivismo y avaricia son causas de ella. Son motivos de desprendimiento: adquirir la virtud, crecer íntimamente, favorecer a los demás y destinarse a Dios.
Interdisciplinariedad en el plan de estudios de la Licenciatura en Filosofía de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional
Authors: Prada Maximiliano
Published: January 2021

El presente artículo es fruto del análisis de los planes de estudio que ha tenido la licenciatura en Filosofía de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional desde su fundación en 2009. Al tratarse de un programa universitario que se erige en relación directa con el saber, se pregunta por los saberes que sirven de soporte a la formación de Licenciados en Filosofía. Tras este análisis, se revela que la formación de licenciados en filosofía en la UPN ha tenido dos soportes disciplinares fundamentales: la filosofía y la pedagogía. Se muestra la función que cada uno de estos ha tenido en la configuración del plan de estudios y los modos de interdisciplinariedad que se han explorado entre ellos. El estudio describe cada uno de los soportes y sustenta que la distinción de cada uno de ellos, a la vez que los ha fortalecido independientemente, ha potenciado la interdisciplinariedad. Así, se postula que el currículo disciplinar ha sido, en este caso, la mejor estrategia para fomentar la interdisciplinariedad, en lugar de uno de carácter integrado. Como caso relevante dentro del análisis se menciona el denominado currículo alternativo o provisional, que se originó en el programa en 2017 como una apuesta de vínculo entre la formación disciplinar y la necesidad de comprender e intervenir en la coyuntura nacional.
Edith Stein: de la concepción de la persona humana a la comprensión de la mujer
Authors: Reyes-Gacitúa Eva
Published: January 2021

Actualmente, «pensar la mujer» constituye una tarea inacabada y debatida. En pleno siglo XX, la fenomenóloga Edith Stein explora tal despliegue interrogándose por su naturaleza y valor propio. La presente investigación expone el itinerario que establece la filósofa desde la reflexión de la persona humana a la comprensión de la mujer.

Para tal efecto, se articulan desde la obra steiniana los principales conceptos y matices que, mediante el análisis fenomenológico posibilita examinar las nociones constituyentes del sujeto en su dimensión corporal y espiritual. Finalmente, se esboza la peculiaridad de la esencia femenina, cuya indagación permite detenerse en la pregunta esencial por la mujer. La conclusión avanza hacia un balance de los principales aspectos desarrollados como aporte al diálogo contemporáneo.
El libro de los signos (Jn 1,19-12,50). Aproximación a algunas de sus líneas de investigación
Authors: Hernández Valencia Juan Sebastián
Published: January 2021

Es reconocido desde hace tiempo por la crítica que en su estructura y contenido el libro de los signos (Jn 1,19-12,50) comparte cierta semejanza con las secciones iniciales de los tres primeros evangelios. También sus matices teológicos propios han sido resaltados, así como sus fuentes. Este encuentro y diferencia entre el cuarto evangelio y los sinópticos ha divido a los estudiosos respecto al análisis de sus fuentes y sus rasgos teológicos, como lo son el uso de sus fuentes, los relatos de milagros, su escatología y cristología. Este artículo pretende dar una mirada de conjunto a las líneas de investigación más relevantes en estos puntos.
¿Qué desafíos presenta el Sínodo de la Amazonía a la teología? Pensar el problema desde los posibles retos al estatuto epistemológico de la teología
Authors: Valenzuela Osorio Vicente
Published: January 2021

Los desafíos que el Sínodo de la Amazonía presenta a la teología son trabajados en el horizonte de la pregunta por el estatuto epistemológico de la teología, a partir del uso de algunas metáforas empleadas por los textos del Sínodo. En este trabajo se requiere asumir una clave de lectura intertextual y un método que justifique la centralidad de las metáforas y su dinamismo de préstamo con relación a la fundamentación teológica («todo está relacionado», «ecología integral», «mística indígena»). Las metáforas empleadas por los documentos sinodales dan qué pensar a la teología con relación a su constitución interna. Le abren el camino para comprenderse de otra manera. Ese es el caso de: la eclesiología, lo propio del lenguaje teológico, las conversiones y actitudes para el quehacer de la teología, el lugar de la ritualidad y el valor de lo local con relación al intellectus del misterio y al depósito de la fe, la interculturalidad y la sinodalidad, entre otros.
Reseña. Roggero, Jorge Luis ed. El fenómeno saturado. La excedencia de la donación en la fenomenología de Jean-Luc Marion. Buenos Aires: SB editorial, 2020
Authors: Roldán Alberto Fernando
Published: January 2021

Reseña

Roggero, Jorge Luis ed. El fenómeno saturado. La excedencia de la donación en la fenomenología de Jean-Luc Marion. Buenos Aires: SB editorial, 2020
LEMBAR KERJA SISWA PADA MATERI HIMPUNAN BERBASIS PENDEKATAN PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA REALISTIK UNTUK SISWA SMP/MTs
Authors: Arfinanti Nurul
Published: January 2021

Penelitian   ini   merupakan   penelitian   pengembangan.   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan lembar kerja siswa (LKS) berbasis Pendekatan Pendidikan Matematika Realistik pada materi himpunan un- tuk siswa SMP/MTs.Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model pengemban- gan prosedural, yaitu model yang bersifat deskriptif, menggariskan lang- kah-langkah yang harus diikuti untuk menghasilkan produk. Prosedur pengembangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah prosedur pengembangan Borg dan Gall yang disederhanakan dengan lima langkah yaitu melakukan analisis produk yang dikembangkan, mengembangkan produk awal, validasi ahli dan revisi, uji coba lapangan skala kecil dan revisi produk, serta uji coba lapangan skala besar dan produk akhir.Hasil penelitian adalah   Lembar Kerja Siswa berbasis pendekatan PMR dengan kualitas keseluruhan sangat baik dengan nilai 70 (90, 35%). LKS juga sangat efektif digunakan untuk pembelajaran matematika SMP/ MTs. Hal ini berdasarkan ketuntasan siswa secara klasikal dengan persen- tase 82,86%. Selain itu, respon siswa juga positif terhadap pembelajaran dengan menggunakan LKS pendekatan PMR.
MENIMBANG METODE JOHN WANSBROUGH DAN FAZLUR RAHMAN DALAM STUDI AL-QURAN
Authors: Machrus Machrus
Published: January 2021

Abstract: One of aspects of Islam studied by orientalists is the Qur’an. They have written many books on the Qur’ān. One of themes of Qur’anic studies written by orientalists are about influences of Judeo-Christianity tradition in the Qur’ān. They try to prove the influences of Judeo-Christianity tradition in the Qur’ān. One of orientalists who try to prove the influences of Judeo-Christianity tradition in the Qur’ān is John Wansbrough, a Jewish orientalist. In studying the Qur’ān, Wansbrough uses literary analysis, an analysis based on the text apart from historical context. He does not believe in historical context relates to Qur’anic revelation. Whereas Qur’anic revelation relates to the events occurred in Muḥammad’s life time. By using historical approach, Fazlur Rahman proves that qur’anic revelation relates to the history so-called asbāb al-nuzūl. Rahman insists that the study of the Qur’ān done by Wansbrough does not make sense. Abstrak: Di antara aspek-aspek dalam Islam yang dikaji oleh para orientalis adalah al-Quran. Sudah banyak karya mengenai al-Quran yang dihasilkan oleh para orientalis. Sebagian dari karya orientalis mengenai al-Quran bertema¬kan pengaruh Yahudi-Kristen dalam al-Quran. Para orientalis mencoba untuk membuktikan adanya pengaruh Yahudi-Kristen. Salah satu dari mereka adalah John Wansbrough. Ia mengkaji al-Quran dengan menggunakan analisis sastera (literary analysis), suatu analisis yang didasarkan pada teks terlepas dari konteks sejarah. Ia tidak mempercayai bukti-bukti sejarah berkaitan dengan turunnya al-Quran. Padahal turunnya al-Quran berkaitan dengan peristiwa-peristiwa yang terjadi masa Nabi Muḥammad. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan analisis sejarah yang dilakukan oleh Fazlur Rahman. Rahman sendiri dengan tegas mengatakan bahwa kajian terhadap al-Quran yang dilakukan Wansbrough dengan menggunakan analisis sastera tidak masuk akal karena ada banyak kejanggalan. Kata-kata kunci: analisis sastera, Yahudi-Kristen, pengaruh, sejarah, Bibel.
SIGNIFIKANSI REVITALISASI TASAWUF HAMKA DAN SAID NURSI BAGI KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT KONTEMPORER
Authors: Zaprulkhan Zaprulkhan
Published: January 2021

Abstract: This article makes an attempt to solve problems by discussing the 20th tasawuf reformation of Hamka and Said Nursi. The academic problems are: Why did Hamka and Said Nursi reform tasawuf by returning to Al-Qur’an and Sunnah?; What are the tasawuf reformation constructions of Hamka and Nursi?; What is the relevance of their tasawuf reformation in the contemporary religious life? In order to understand, elaborate, interpret, make meanings, and reveal the relevance to the contemporary social life, this article employs historical, philosophical, and integrative-interconnectivity approaches.The article finding shows that both Hamka and Said Nursi gave constructive critics and tasawuf reformation due to the factors of conditional-contextual, internal-substantial, and spiritual drought of the 20th century Muslim society. Both Hamka and Nursi made greater attempts to do Sufism ijtihad in formulating their Sufism discourse with moderate patterns so that they could be accessed by all society levels. Therefore, this moderate tasawuf can play more positive functional roles for extensive contemporary society with all aspects. Abstrak: Artikel ini berusaha memecahkan masalah dengan mendiskusikan reformasi tasawuf abad XX yang dilakukan oleh Hamka dan Said Nursi. Persoalan akademiknya adalah mengapa Hamka dan Said Nursi mereformasi dengan kembali kepada al-Quran dan Sunnah; apakah relevansi reformasi tasawuf mereka dalam kehidupan religious kontemporer? Untuk memahami, mengelaborasi, menafsirkan, mencari makna, dan memunculkan relevansi bagi kehidupan social kontemporer, artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan-pen-dekatan sejarah, filosofis, dan interkonektivitas-integratif. Temuan artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa Hamka dan Said Nursi memberikan kritik-kritik konstruktif dan reformasi tasawuf mereka berkaitan dengan faktor-faktor kondisional-kontekstual, internal-substansial, dan kekeringan spiritual masyarakat Muslim abad XX. Hamka dan Said Nursi telah melakukan usaha-usaha besar untuk ijtihad tasawuf dalam memformulasikan wacana tasawuf mereka dengan pola-pola moderat sehingga mereka bisa diakses oleh semua lapisan masyarakat. Karena itu, tasawuf moderat ini bisa memainkan peranan fungsional yang lebih positif bagi masyarakat kontemporer yang lebih luas dengan semua aspek. Keywords: sufisme, Hamka, Said Nursi, sufisme populer.
INTUISI SEBAGAI SUMBER PENGETAHUAN: Tinjauan terhadap Pandangan Filosof Islam
Authors: Irawan Bambang
Published: January 2021

Abstract: The Islamic philosophers believe that Islam has a main pillar in the search for truth (epistemology), one of which is intuition. Aspects of Islamic epistemology can be used as an alternative in this modern era where most human hegemony has been dominated by the paradigm of positivistic science-empiricism and western culture and sekularistik materialitik. Philosophy of western knowledge that only assess the validity of the science that is purely inductive-empirical, rational-deductive, and pragmatic, considered to have been denying or rejecting science non-empirical and non-positivism. This causes acute problems. Because at the time of this paradigm managed to find a disciplinary branch of science, discovery often reduce a reality to be just a collection of facts and material. Departing from concerns that the writer through a simple work explores the views of Sufi -related urgency intuition in generating knowledge. Abstrak: Para filosof Islam meyakini bahwa Islam memiliki sejumlah pilar utama dalam pencarian kebenaran (epis¬temologi), salah satunya adalah intuisi. Aspek epistemologi Islam ini dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif di jaman modern ini dimana kebanyakan manusianya telah dikuasai oleh hegemoni paradigma ilmu pengetahuan positivistic-empirisme dan budaya barat yang materialitik dan sekularistik. Filsafat pengetahuan barat yang hanya menilai keabsahan ilmu pengetahuan semata-mata yang bersifat induktif-empiris, rasional-deduktif, dan prag¬matis, dianggap telah menafi¬kan atau menolak ilmu pengetahuan non-empiris dan non-positivisme. Hal ini menyebabkan persoalan yang akut. Karena pada saat paradigma ini berhasil menemukan cabang disiplin suatu ilmu, maka penemuannya sering mereduksi sebuah kenyataan menjadi hanya kumpulan fakta dan bersifat material. Berangkat dari kekhawatiran itulah penulis lewat karya yang sederhana mengeksplorasi pandangan para sufi terkait urgensi intuisi dalam menghasilkan ilmu pengetahuan. Keywords:intuisi, filosof Islam, idealisme, rasionalisme.
INSĀN KĀMIL: ANTARA MITOS DAN REALITAS
Authors: Danusiri Danusiri
Published: January 2021

Abstract: Islam as a religion delivered by Muhammad saw. bin Abdullah (w.632) is based on the revelations he received from God. At the end of his age, the religion is stated as a perfect religion because it contains a description of all aspects of life (tibyanan likulli syai'). To become the most religionist in Islam, every Moslem should follow the religious way he was because he is a good example (uswatun hasanah), especially the religious rituals dimension. The implication is clear that looking for other models of religious practices except him are certainly would not be the best because there is no guarantee of truth. Over time, many factors occur in the dynamics of the history of Moslem. The values of Islam built by the Messenger have changed a lot in the society. Muhammad position as the top model has shifted into the lower one. The concept of insān kāmil (perfect man) pops out then. They are also the 'loyal followers' of the Messenger of Allah, introducing the idea of speculative-philosophical-mystical religious rituals and a very extreme and radical practice of religious rituals if measured from his norm and religious practices. Nevertheless, the mass movement of Moslem under the shadow of the perfect man considered as something between a myth and reality refer to the texts of the Quran and al-sunnah. Abstrak: Islam sebagai agama disampaikankan oleh Muhammad saw. bin Abdullah (w.632) atas dasar wahyu yang ia terima dari Tuhan. Pada usia akhir-akhir hayatnya, agama ini dinyatakan sebagai agama yang sempurna karena memang mengandung penjelasan semua aspek kehidupan (tibyanan likulli syai’). Untuk menjadi agamawan yang paling baik di dalam Islam, setiap muslim supaya mengikuti cara ia ber¬agama karena ia adalah contoh yang baik (uswatun hasanah), khususnya dimensi ritual keagamaan. Implikasinya mencari model praktik-praktik keberagamaan selain beliau tentu tidak akan menjadi yang paling baik karena tidak ada jaminan kebenarannya. Seiring perjalanan waktu, banyak faktor terjadi dalam dinamika sejarah umat Islam.Nilai-nilai yang dibangun oleh pembawa Islam pun banyak yang berubah. Posisi Muhammad saw. sebagai top model dalam beragama tergeser pada peringkat yang lebih rendah. Konsep insān kāmil bermunculan. Mereka yang juga ‘pengikut setia’ Rasulullah, memper¬kenalkan gagasan spekulatif-filosofis-mitis dan praktik ritual keagamaan yang sangat eks¬trim dan radikal jika diukur dari norma dan praktik keberagamaan beliau. Meski¬pun demikian, gerakan massal umat Islam di bawah bayang-bayang insān kāmil yang jika ditimbang dengan neraca teks-teks al-Quran maupun al-sunnah dapat dinyatakan sebagai sesuatu antara mitos atau realitas. Keywords:uswatun hasanah, penggeseran nilai, insān kāmil, praktik keberagamaan, mitos.
PINTU-PINTU MENUJU TUHAN Telaah Pemikiran Hamka
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad
Published: January 2021

Abstract: Tauḥīd is a teaching that is most influence to galvanize the soul so strong and steadfast. Soul freedom, independence, personal, and loss of fear to face all hardships of life, the courage to face all the difficulties, so that did not differ between the living dead, the origin to seek Allah's pleasure, is the former doctrine of monotheism which rarely peerless in this life struggle manusia. This article will elaborate Hamka’s thought in aspects of divinity, which is how people can come to God with a wide variety of street or door. Hamka stated that to reach God can be reached with a variety of doors: art, philosophy, the question of the nature of life, mysticism, and the way nature. These doors have their own way in the process of finding God. By providing these doors, through which every person will surely have their own experiences with the Lord. Abstrak: Tauḥīd adalah ajaran yang sangat besar pengaruhnya bagi menggembleng jiwa sehingga kuat dan teguh. Kebebasan jiwa, kemerdekaan, pribadi, dan hilangnya rasa takut menghadapi segala kesukaran hidup, keberanian menghadapi segala kesulitan, sehingga tidak berbeda di antara hidup dengan mati, asal untuk mencari rida Allah, adalah bekas ajaran tauḥīd yang jarang taranya dalam perjuangan hidup manusia. Artikel ini berusaha mengelaborasi pemikir¬an Hamka dalam aspek ketuhanan, yakni bagaimana manusia dapat sampai kepada Tuhan dengan berbagai macam jalan atau pintu. Hamka menyatakan bahwa untuk mencapai Tuhan dapat ditempuh dengan berbagai pintu: seni, filsafat, pertanyaan hakikat hidup, tasawuf, dan jalan fitrah. Pintu-pintu ini mempunyai caranya masing-masing dalam proses menemukan Tuhan. Dengan menyediakan pintu-pintu ini, setiap orang yang melaluinya pastilah akan mempunyai pengalaman masing-masing bersama dengan Tuhan tersebut. Keywords: Cinta, seni, fitrah, falsafah, Tuhan, tauhid.
IBLIS DALAM PERSPEKTIF TEOLOGI SAYYID QUṬB
Authors: Norjenah Norjenah
Published: January 2021

Abstract: The Devil is the cause of the fall of man to the earth. He had got Adam and Eve in paradise into eating the forbidden fruit, although God had warned them both to not approach the forbidden tree. The attempt of Devil remove them is due to their reluctance prostrate to Adam even thought he command of God. Devil disobey God and considers himself better than Adam. Defiance against the theologians have their own interpretation, including Sayyid Quṭb. This article will explore the deeper thinking about the devil Sayyid Quṭb. Abstrak: Iblis adalah penyebab jatuhnya manusia ke bumi. Ia telah memperdaya Adam dan Hawa di surga agar memakan buah terlarang, meskipun Tuhan sudah me-ngingatkan mereka berdua untuk tidak mendekati pohon terlarang tersebut. Usaha Iblis untuk mengeluarkan mereka ini disebabkan oleh ke¬enggan¬an mereka bersujud kepada Adam meskipun itu perintah dari Tuhan. Iblis membangkang perintah Tuhan dan menganggap dirinya lebih baik dari Adam. Terhadap pembangkangan para teolog mempunyai interpretasi sendiri-sendiri, termasuk di dalamnya Sayyid Quṭb. Artikel ini akan mengeksplorasi lebih dalam pemikiran Sayyid Quṭb mengenai Iblis. Keywords: Iblis, setan, sujud, teolog, malaikat, surga.
ISLAM: MEMBENTUK SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI
Authors: Danusiri Danusiri
Published: January 2021

Abstract: The establishment of science-technology Islam originated from the transcendental consciousness that God acts directly provide instruction to people in his capacity as al-'Alim and al-Mu'allim al-Nās with inspiration pattern into intuition or follow the instructions of the Quran on the basis of faith in the verses relating to science-technology. God teaching techniques outlined by humans with the conceptualization, theorization, saintifikasi, and technologization the verses of Allah either paragraph quraniyyah and kauniyyah. Starting point is the establishment of science-technology read. Results of reading will get something, a concept, or a variable. Thus, the more the reading of a Muslim will increasingly have something, concepts or variables. If the reader can find the basic relationship of two or more things, concepts, variables, then he can find one unit theory. Segususan systematic theory will result in one branch of science. Human intellectual activity that knows no stopping, then starting from only one branch of science will continue to be found various kinds of science. The next route, childbirth science technology. And, science-technology school of Islam embraced the benefits of technology for the service in order to obtain marḍatillah. Abstrak: Rute pembentukan sains-teknologi Islam berawal dari kesadaran transendental bahwa Allah berperan langsung memberikan pengajaran kepada manusia dalam kapasitasnya sebagai al-‘Alim dan al-Mu’allim al-nās dengan pola pengilhaman ke dalam intuisi atau mengikuti petunjuk al-Quran atas dasar iman dalam ayat-ayat yang berkaitan dengan sains-teknologi. Teknik pengajaran Allah dijabarkan oleh manusia dengan jalan konseptualisasi, teorisasi, saintifikasi, dan teknologisasi terhadap ayat-ayat Allah baik ayat quraniyyah maupun kauniyyah. Dan, sains-teknologi Islam menganut mazhab manfaat teknologi untuk ibadah dalam rangka memperoleh marḍatillah. Keywords: konsep, teori, sains, teknologi, marḍatillah.
KERUSAKAN LINGKUNGAN: EPISTEMOLOGI SAINS ISLAM DAN TANGGUNG JAWAB MANUSIA
Authors: Mangunjaya Fachruddin
Published: January 2021

Abstract: This article examines the challenges of environmental degradation and arguing to retun back to the Quran as a search of epistemological foundation of science and a necessary strong foundation in managing the balance of carrying for the earth and environmental crisis. This study also explores the principles of Islamic in view of the environmental approach such as the understanding keywords about the God creation (Ilm-al-Khalq), which can be laid as foundations such as tawḥīd, which encourage the belief that the only the Creator with all power single, the khalifah (caliph) that empasis on man responsibility, mīzān which refers to maintaining a balance and keeping the fitrah as ordered of (human) nature in order to maintain the patterns of life and the integrity of God's creation. Abstrak: Artikel ini menguji tantangan-tantangan degradasi lingkungan dan mengajukan pendapat untuk kembali kepada al-Quran sebagai sebuah cara mencari dasar epistemologi sains dan sebuah dasar yang kuat dalam mengelola keseimbangan bagi bumi dan krisis lingkungan. Studi ini mengeksplorasi prinsip-prinsip Islam dalam memandang terhadap pendekatan lingkungan seperti adanya pemahaman kata-kata kunci tentang ciptaan Tuhan (‘Ilm al-Khalq), yang bisa ditempatkan sebagai dasar-dasar, yang mendorong keimanan sehingga hanya ada Sang Pencipta dengan kekuatan yang tunggal, sang khalifah yang menekankan pada tanggung jawab manusia, mīzān yang merujuk pada mempertahankan keseimbangan pola-pola kehidupan dan integritas makhluk Tuhan. Keywords: Islamic epistemology, science, lingkungan, khalīfah, mīzān.
AKTIVISME TASAWUF MENURUT FETHULLAH GÜLEN
Authors: Haderi Anang
Published: January 2021

Abstract: This article will elaborate the sufism thought of Fethullah Gulen. He has transformed Sufism from purely spiritual experience turned into an activity that is directly in contact with the issue of Muslims and human beings on this earth. Two of the most prominent organizer of the mystical transformation is education and the world peace movement. He tried to bring peace to the world across cultures, religions and ethnicities. The thought pattern of Gülen which is based on religious values and the universality has created a concept which is more popular in the community, but do not abandon spiritual values. The transformation of ideas and concepts of sufism who taught the importance of devotion to others, selflessness and love of neighbor. Abstrak: Artikel ini akan mengelaborasi pemikiran tasawuf Fethullah Gulen. Ia telah mentransformasikan tasawuf dari yang hanya bersifat pengalaman spiritual berubah menjadi sebuah aktivitas yang langsung bersentuhan dengan persoalan umat Islam dan manusia di bumi ini. Dua agenda yang paling menonjol dari transformasi sufistiknya itu adalah pendidikan dan gerakan perdamaian dunia. Ia berupaya mewujudkan perdamaian dunia lintas budaya, agama maupun etnis. Pola pemikiran Gülen yang dilandasi nilai-nilai keagamaan dan universalitas telah menciptakan konsep yang lebih memasyarakat namun tidak meninggalkan nilai-nilai spiritual. Transformasi dari pemikiran dan konsep tasawwuf yang mengajarkan pentingnya pengabdian kepada orang lain, tidak mementingkan diri sendiri dan cinta terhadap sesama. Keywords: transformasi, tasawuf, perdamaian, pendidikan, generasi emas.
Hybrid extraction of multi-word terms: an application on vibration-based condition monitoring technique
Authors: Chatzitheodorou Konstantinos , Kappatos Vassilios
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we present an advanced domain-specific multi-word terminology extraction method. Our hybrid approach for automatic term identification benefits from both statistical and linguistic approaches. Our main goal is to reduce as much as possible the human effort in term selection tasks as well as to provide a wide-range and representative terminology of a domain. We emphasize in identification of verb or noun phrases multi-word terms, in neologisms and technical jargons. Our architecture applies the term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) algorithm to a domain-specific textual corpus in order to measure a unit’s importance in it. We also use techniques to filter out nested terms of a candidate term taking into consideration its frequency by itself in the corpus. In addition, the exported terms are filtered out based on a stop-word list and linguistic criteria. To further reduce the size of the candidate terms and achieve accurate and precise terminologies, our method automatically validates them against a general-purpose corpus. Our study based on a small corpus of vibration-based condition monitoring domain shows that most extracted terms have nice correspondence to the domain of condition monitoring concepts and notions.
Kavisli Delikli Plaka ile Girdap Kaynaklı Türbülanslı Akışın Kontrolü
Authors: ÖZKAN Göktürk Memduh , DURHASAN Tahir , PINAR Engin
Published: January 2021

Bu çalışmada, dairesel bir silindir art izinde oluşan girdap kaynaklı türbülanslı akışın, farklı ve kısmi geçirgenlik oranlarına sahip kavisli delikli plaka (kontrol elemanı) ile kontrolü incelenmiştir. Ele alınan parametre aralıklarında PIV ile hız ölçümleri yapılmış, akış alanında Reynolds kayma gerilmeleri hesaplanmış ve kontrol durumu ile yalın silindir durumunun kontur dağılımları nicel olarak karşılaştırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, ele alınan Reynolds sayılarının akış kontrolüne benzer oranda etki ettiği anlaşılmıştır. Bununla birlikte, incelenen tüm geçirgenlik oranları ve yay açıları için silindir art izinde oluşan kayma gerilmelerinin azaldığı görülmüştür. 120o≤ α ≤180o yay açılarında ve β=0,5 ve β =0,6 geçirgenlik oranlarında, yalın silindire kıyasla maksimum Reynolds kayma gerilmelerinin %96’ya kadar düştüğü ve silindir art izindeki daimi olmayan akışın tamamen kontrol edildiği ortaya çıkarılmıştır.
Bitümlü Sıcak Karışımlarda Kireçtaşı ve Volkanik Cüruf Filler Kullanımının Dayanıma Etkisinin Araştırılması
Authors: AKGÜL ŞEKER Nur Erdem , SARIIŞIK Ali
Published: January 2021

Bu çalışmada karayollarında sıklıkla kullanılan bazalt, kaba-ince agrega ve kontrol filler olarak kullanılmıştır. Alternatif filler malzemesi olarak kalker ve volkanik cüruf kullanılmıştır. Agregalara fiziksel, kimyasal ve mekanik özellik tayini yapıldıktan sonra uygun gradasyonda %4,5, 5, 5,5, 6, 6,5 oranlarında bitüm kullanılarak Marshall stabilite deneyi yapılmıştır. Her bitüm yüzdesinde 3 numune olmak üzere toplam 45 numune döküm yapılmıştır. Optimum bitüm yüzdesi belirlendikten sonra bazalt, kalker ve volkanik cüruf fillerin kullanıldığı numuneler karayolları teknik şartnamesine göre kıyaslanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda kalker fillerin, optimum bitüm oranını düşürmesi, metilen mavisi deney sonucuna göre sınır değeri aşmaması ve bölgede kalker ocaklarının çok sayıda bulunması nedeniyle alternatif filler olarak kullanılabileceği saptanmıştır.
Analyses of Current Wind Energy Status of Turkey and its Future Prospect
Authors: İLHAN Akın , BİLGİLİ Mehmet , ŞAHİN Beşir
Published: January 2021

In this study, wind power status of Turkey is extensively investigated. In this regards, wind power occasion, which is one of the most popular and promising renewable energy types of today, is studied for Turkey in the year range of 2009-2018. Finally, Turkey's long term wind energy status till 2030 is predicted. In this context, it is demonstrated that Turkey's wind energy status will even surpass the case of 2018; in which wind energy ratio by 2030 based on whole sources is expected to be 16.61% exceeding the case of 2018, which is 16.56%.
Antibacterial and Optical Properties of Mn Doped ZnO Nanopowders Synthesized via Spray Drying and Subsequent Thermal Decomposition
Authors: DUMAN Şeyma , BULUT Büşra , ÖZKAL Burak
Published: January 2021

Mn doped ZnO nanopowders with homogenous particle distribution were synthesized using spray drying and thermal decomposition dual methods. Synthesis was carried out in spray drying slurry containing zinc acetate powders followed by calcining the as-prepared powders at 300, 400, and 500oC. Mn doping was achieved by adding manganese (II) acetate at different concentrations between 0.01-0.05 M during the synthesis. The obtained powders were characterized by a variety of characterization techniques. The results of phase analysis revealed that Mn-doped ZnO nanopowders having a single hexagonal structured ZnO phase. According to the results of microstructural and UV-vis characterizations; morphologies and optical properties of the Mn-doped ZnO nanopowders were affected by Mn doping. Furthermore, the results of this study exhibited that the addition of Mn have a significant influence on the antibacterial performance of the synthesized ZnO nanopowders.
Polyamide 12/Antimony Trioxide/Sepiolite or Boron Composites: Mechanical Properties and Flame Retardancy
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Ahmet , SARIBAL Fırat , DUMAN Şeyma , AKKOYUN Meral , ŞEN İbrahim , OVALI Didem
Published: January 2021

This study reports on the mechanical and flame-retardancy properties of polyamide 12 (PA 12) based composites reinforced with antimony trioxide, sepiolite, or boron powders. These composites were fabricated by the twin-screw extruder and hot-press techniques. The microstructural characteristics and flame-retardancy of the PA 12-based composite samples were obtained by using a scanning electron microscope, a vertical UL-94 burning, and limiting oxygen index tests. The Shore-D hardness, Charpy impact, and tensile tests were conducted to reveal the mechanical performance of composites. The PA 12/antimony trioxide/sepiolite sample presented the best mechanical performance. The additions of antimony trioxide/boron into the PA 12 matrix gave the best contribution to the flame-retardancy.
Fonksiyonel Derecelenmiş Sandviç Kirişlerin Tamamlayıcı Fonksiyonlar Yöntemi ile Statik Analizi
Authors: NOORI Ahmad Reshad , RASOOLİ Hasibullah , ASLAN Timuçin Alp , TEMEL Beytullah
Published: January 2021

Bu çalışmada, Fonksiyonel Derecelenmiş (FD) malzemeli simetrik ve simetrik olmayan katmanlardan oluşan sandviç kirişlerin statik davranışı araştırılmıştır. Mekanik özellikleri kesit yüksekliği boyunca değişen sandviç kirişlerin, yüzey tabakaları FD, çekirdek veya öz tabakası ise izotropik homojen malzeme olarak kabul edilmiştir. FD Sandviç kirişlerin eğilme davranışını idare eden kanonik denklemler minimum toplam enerji prensibi yardımıyla Euler-Bernoulli ve Timoshenko kiriş teorilerine göre elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu denklemler Tamamlayıcı Fonksiyonlar Yöntemi (TFY) ile sayısal olarak çözülmüştür. Araştırmada, farklı sınır koşullarının, uzunluk-yükseklik (L/h) oranlarının, malzeme değişim katsayılarının ve tabakalanma oranlarının kirişlerin eğilme davranışı üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Önerilen yöntemin doğruluğu ve uygulanabilirliği, elde edilen sonuçların literatürde bulunan çalışmaların sonuçları ile karşılaştırılarak gösterilmiştir.
Electrochemical Fabrication of Poly (niacin) Modified Graphite Paste Electrode and its Application for the Detection of Riboflavin
Authors: Manjunatha J. G. , Raril C. , Hareesha N. , Charithra M.M. , Pushpanjali P.A. , Tigari Girish , Ravishankar D.K , Mallappaji S. C. , Gowda Jayarame
Published: January 2021

Objective:

A poly niacin (NN) modified graphite paste electrode was prepared through a simple electrochemical polymerization route for the determination of Riboflavin (RF)

Methods:

Electropolymerization technique was used for the preparation of a modified electrode. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method was used to study the surface behaviors and conductivity of the bare and modified electrodes. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) were used to study the electrochemical behavior of RF using 0.2 M PBS of 7.5 pH.

Results:

Poly niacin modified graphite paste electrode (PNNMGPE) provides more affinity towards RF detection with high sensitivity and selectivity over bare graphite paste electrode. RF calibration curve was obtained by LSV between 5.0 µM to 65.0 µM with 0.782 µM limit of detection (LOD) and 2.7608 µM limit of quantification (LOQ), respectively. Selective analysis of RF in the presence of ascorbic acid (AA) and dopamine (DA) was performed at PNNMGPE by the LSV method.

Conclusion:

The developed PNNMGPE was tested for RF analysis in a multivitamin tablet with good results. Furthermore, the developed electrode shows good stability and reproducibility.