bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantum of fluids in hospitalised patients with dengue fever and the presence of warning signs: a pilot cross-sectional study
Authors: Ramanathan Ramayee , Jain Dheeraj , Viswanathan Stalin
Published: March 2019

Background: The World Health Organization in 2009 revised categories of dengue fever severity into classes A, B, and C based on the presence or absence of warning signs. The quantum of oral and intravenous fluids (IVF) in hospitalised patients with Group B (warning signs) have, to our knowledge, not been studied. Oral fluids in hospitalised patients and monitoring administration with the help of patients’ relatives have not been assessed.

Methods: Consecutive patients with dengue fever and warning signs were studied for 48 hours after hospitalisation. Patients were asked to consume 4-5 l of fluids. Maintenance and bolus IVF were administered depending upon the presence of compensated or hypotensive shock. Intake and urinary output were monitored by the patient’s attendant. Total fluids (oral and intravenous) were divided by a number of anthropometric measurements. Significance of compensated and hypotensive shock, thrombocytopenia and 20% change in haematocrit, bleeding episodes and the need for transfusions, and organ impairment were considered in relation to the total amount of fluids received daily.

Results: In total, 41 patients were studied. Patients with obesity and hypotensive shock received significantly more fluids on Day 1; taller patients and those with tachycardia, higher haematocrit and elevated creatine kinase correspondingly received more on Day 2. Hypotensive shock was significantly correlated with fluids/BSA and fluids/weight, while laboratory parameters correlated most strongly with fluids/BMI.

Conclusions: Most adults with dengue and warning signs seem to require >100 ml/kg/day of fluids during their stay. Advising a similar amount of fluids at home during epidemics may further reduce the need for admissions. Participation of patients and their relatives in the bedside management of fluid administration may go a long way in preventing morbidity and mortality. Adults probably need a better anthropometric measurement to decide on the quantum of fluids to be given.
The Digital Sin City: An Empirical Study of Craigslist’s Impact on Prostitution Trends
Authors: Chan Jason , Mojumder Probal , Ghose Anindya
Published: March 2019

Do solicitation sites lead to an increase in prostitution trends in United States? We shed light on this issue by examining the impact that Craigslist (via its Erotic Service section) has on prostitution incidence using a data set consisting of 1,796 U.S. counties from 1999 to 2008. Our analysis shows that prostitution levels increased by about 17% on average upon the introduction of the Craigslist. We find that the Craigslist has led to the increase in both independent sex workers and workers operating under commercial vice groups. However, it is the latter that is growing at a greater rate, which bears important implications for policies concerning sex trafficking. Craigslist’s entry increases prostitution in both counties that have existing prostitution trends and those that do not, although the former set of counties experience a larger growth relative to the latter. Finally, we also found evidence suggesting that efforts in utilizing Craigslist for prostitution arrests are not catching up with the growth in prostitution trends induced by the site. In sum, online platforms can be utilized in unintended manners that facilitate illegal activities. Policy makers and website owners need to be aware of such impacts to implement the proper guidelines.
How Do Recommender Systems Affect Sales Diversity? A Cross-Category Investigation via Randomized Field Experiment
Authors: Lee Dokyun , Hosanagar Kartik
Published: March 2019

Recommender systems appear all across the internet. For e-retailers, this represents an opportunity to get more and niche products before customers’ eyes. However, we find that while implementing recommender systems does increase overall sales figures, it does not generally improve the relative sales for niche items, leading to a rich-get-richer situation. We find, across a wide range of product categories, that the use of traditional collaborative filters (CFs) is associated with a decrease in sales diversity relative to a world without product recommendations. The decrease in aggregate sales diversity may not always be accompanied by a corresponding decrease in individual-level consumption diversity. In fact, it is even possible for individual consumption diversity to increase as aggregate sales diversity decreases. CFs help individuals explore new products, but similar users still end up exploring the same kinds of products, resulting in concentration bias at the aggregate level. There is one insight for management: Traditional collaborative filters carry the unintended consequence of increasing concentration bias. A firm interested in exposing consumers to a broader assortment of products may prefer a different design from another simply interested in maximizing sales.
Why Do Stores Drive Online Sales? Evidence of Underlying Mechanisms from a Multichannel Retailer
Authors: Kumar Anuj , Mehra Amit , Kumar Subodha
Published: March 2019

Traditional retailers are closing down their brick and mortar stores and increasing investments in their online channels. This may not be a beneficial strategy for retailers selling nondigital products, such as apparel, which customers prefer to physically evaluate to make the purchase decision. In such product categories, retailers’ physical stores could influence the sales on its online channel. We utilize the event of store opening by a large apparel retailer and use customer-level data to examine the effect of store presence on the online purchase behavior of its existing customers. We find that the retailer’s store openings resulted in an increase in online purchases from such customers for two reasons. First, higher store interactions engaged customers with the retailer’s brand, which resulted in their higher online purchases. Second, customers could freely purchase apparel from the retailer’s online channel, because they had the option to return it at a nearby store if it did not fit their expectations. Multichannel retailers should organize store events to engage customers and design lenient return policies to reduce the risk of purchase from online channel.
Life-cycle Analysis of Advanced Manure Management Systems for a Wisconsin Confined Animal Feeding Operation (CAFO)
Authors: Holzem Ryan M. , Katers John F.
Published: March 2019

Abstract.

Manure management is becoming an increasing burden for large dairy farms in Wisconsin and across the United States due to land application limitations for nutrients and hauling costs. One solution is to install advanced manure management systems, which remove large portions of water from the manure and treat it to a level sufficient for surface water discharge, livestock consumption, or irrigation. These systems can be divided into a pretreatment stage, which consists of solids removal, and a treatment stage, which generally consists of membranes. Not only does this approach reduce the quantity of material that is land applied, it can separate the nutrients into individual manure streams that can be more easily managed. However, there is still limited understanding regarding the costs and operation and maintenance requirements of these systems. To this end, a life-cycle analysis was completed for five commercially available advanced manure management systems based on how they would treat manure from a 3,500-cow dairy farm in Wisconsin, which was concerned only with the drawbacks of hauling and not application limitations. The evaluation included both an economic and non-economic analysis. The economic analysis consisted of a 20-year total present worth life-cycle cost analysis. The non-economic analysis consisted of a comparison of a set of non-economic factors that matched the management goals and strategies identified by the participating farm. Overall, all five systems evaluated addressed nutrient limitations and hauling costs. No treatment system had a payback less than 20 years at a hauling cost of $0.0040 L-1 ($0.015 gal-1). However, two systems had a payback period less than 20 years for a hauling cost of $0.0053 L-1 ($0.02 gal-1). Furthermore, if capital costs were ignored, the cost of recovered water was comparable to hauling costs for four of the alternatives. Still, there was high uncertainty in the estimated costs due to the low number of current installations of these systems on CAFOs. There was also a wide range of responses to the non-economic evaluation metrics, especially regarding performance, nutrient management techniques, chemical usage, and estimated regular operation and maintenance, which was again, likely due to the limited number of farm installations. Future work will verify actual costs and performance of these systems once implemented. Keywords: Advanced Manure Management, CAFOs, Dairy, Life-cycle analysis.
Grain Yield, Crop and Basal Evapotranspiration, Production Functions, and Water Productivity Response of Drought-tolerant and Non-drought-tolerant Maize Hybrids under Different Irrigation Levels, Population Densities, and Environments: Part II. In South-c
Authors: Irmak Suat , Mohammed Ali T. , Kranz William    L.
Published: March 2019

Abstract.

Information and data on newer drought-tolerant maize hybrid response to water in different climates are extremely scarce. This research quantified the performance of non-drought-tolerant (NDT) (H1) and drought-tolerant (DT) (H2, H3, and H4) maize ( L.) hybrids response to grain yield, crop evapotranspiration (ETc), basal evapotranspiration (ETb), ETc-yield production functions (ETYPF), and crop water use efficiency (CWUE) at three irrigation levels and two plant population densities (PPDs) at two locations (transition zone between sub-humid and semi-arid climates at Clay Center (SCAL), Nebraska, in 2010 and 2012; and in a sub-humid climate at Concord (HAL), Nebraska, in 2010, 2011, and 2012). Irrigation treatments were: fully irrigated (FIT), early cutoff (ECOT) (i.e., no irrigation after blister stage), and rainfed (RFT) under two PPDs of 59,300 plants ha-1 (low PPD), and 84,000 plants ha-1 (high PPD). Generally, DT hybrids performed superior to NDT hybrid consistently at both locations, treatments, and years. DT H3 and DT H4 had highest grain yield consistently at SCAL and HAL, respectively. DT H3 and H4 hybrids’ productivity was not only superior in the RFT, but also in FIT. The highest yield of 16.3, and 15.3 Mg ha-1 were achieved by DT H3 (high PPD) and DT H2 (high PPD), respectively, associated with 471 and 590 mm of ETc in the FIT in 2012 at SCAL, and HAL, respectively. In most cases, all hybrids had highest grain yield under low PPD than high PPD at the RFT. All hybrids exhibited a linear yield response to increasing ETc in all years at both locations with positive slopes in all cases. The individual ETYPF response for individual hybrids had inter-annual variation in slopes between the hybrids and for the same hybrids between the years and location for both low and high PPDs. The ETYPF slopes ranged from 0.004 to 0.102 Mg ha-1 mm-,1 including all treatments (i.e., irrigation and PPDs) at SCAL for 2010 and 2012; and they ranged from 0.008 to 0.057 Mg ha-1 mm-1 including all treatments at HAL for 2010, 2011, and 2012. The ETb values exhibited inter-annual variation for the same hybrid between the irrigation levels, PPDs, and locations and they also exhibited an inner-annual variation between the hybrids and treatments in a given year with DT hybrids having consistently lower ETb values than the NDT hybrid. The greatest CWUE values were found in DT hybrids consistently at both locations. The DT hybrids can significantly increase yield productivity as well as crop water productivity per unit of ETc with respect to conventional hybrids not only in dry conditions, but also in average or above average years in terms of precipitation. Keywords: Basal evapotranspiration, Crop evapotranspiration, Drought-tolerance, Efficiency, Maize, Production functions.
A Real-time Web Tool for Safe Aerial Application to Avoid Off-target Movement of Spray Induced by Stable Atmospheric Conditions in the Mississippi Delta
Authors: Huang Yanbo , Fisher Daniel K , Silva Mark , Thomson Steven J
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Susceptible crops can be injured far downwind if proper application spray procedure is not followed. Avoidance of stable atmospheric conditions while spraying is important to prevent surface temperature inversion-induced off-target drift of crop protection materials. Our previous studies consistently indicated high likelihood (>90%) of stable atmospheric conditions (unfavorable for spraying) primarily between the hours of 6:00 pm and 6:00 am during clear conditions in the hot summer months at the Mississippi Delta. With the requirement of timely farm operations, a web application has been developed to provide real-time determination of atmospheric stability and to recommend whether aerial applications are appropriate for a particular location and time. An algorithm was developed to determine atmospheric conditions likely for occurrence of a temperature inversion. This algorithm was programmed using the Python programming language and uploaded to an internet-cloud application platform for publication via HTML. The algorithm calculates the potential of a temperature inversion every hour based on air temperature and wind speed data measured at weather stations deployed over the Mississippi Delta and surrounding areas. The web application is adapted for mobile terminals, such as smartphones and tablets, and can provide timely guidance for aerial applicators and producers to avoid crop damage and air quality issues long distances downwind. Keywords: Aerial application, Spray drift, Temperature inversion, Atmospheric stability, Crop protection, Web application, Mobile terminal.
Cropping-Plan Optimization on Agricultural Holdings with a Combination of Linear and Weighted-goal Programming
Authors: Prišenk Jernej , Vincec Jožef , Pavic Lazar , Rozman Crtomir , Turk Jernej , Pažek Karmen
Published: March 2019

Abstract.

We present a crop plan that aims to maximize farmers’ returns and minimize production costs for the analyzed agricultural holding. This study describes a model that combines linear programming (LP) and the weighted goal programming (WGP) method with penalty functions to simultaneously satisfy a variety of goals within the tolerance interval bounds in terms of their weights. The results indicate that, from an economic perspective, WGP sub-model including LP gives a better solution than using the LP sub-model separately. We designed the model to handle five different types of field and vegetable crops during crop planning and was tested for WGP optimization [WGPSC1, WGPSC2, WGPSC3, and WGPSC4 (SC4 for testing model parameterization)) on four different scenarios. For example, the farmers’ returns in the WGP scenarios were higher or equal as in LP scenario (by approx. €100 to €110) while the costs were reduced (from €2.58 in the case of mechanical labor costs and to €1,376.66 for fertilizer costs). In addition, the combination of both serves as a more viable option for diversified and economically optimized crops to be included in crop plans. It is also important that the WGP calculated higher farmer returns, even though it was run on a cropping area that was 0.02 ha smaller than that in the LP. Further, the model was tested with a parameterization process to determine and explain the role of weights and penalty functions on the quality of the model results. Keywords: Agricultural application, Agricultural economics, Farmer’s return, Mathematical modelling.
Air Power as a Security Factor: Case study Syria
Authors: NEČAS Pavel , VACKOVÁ Martina , LOŠONCZI Peter
Published: March 2019

The aim of our work was to identify the role and the potential of the Air Power in modern warfare as a security factor. The Air Power itself is a concept, which had initially materialized almost one hundred years ago over the battlefields of the World War I. Since then we could witness a staging development in the field of technology and the Art of War, which momentum and scope has no precedence in history. In other words, it has taken less than one hundred years for human to move from fragile and underpowered biplanes to supersonic jet fighters and stealth bombers, which represent a state of art technology of mankind. Such speed in development had no precedence in any other operational domain, except maybe of cyberspace.
Aerodynamic Performance of Micro Aerial Wing Structures at Low Reynolds Number
Authors: DWIVEDI Y. D. , BHARGAVA Vasishta , RAO P. M. V. , JAGADEESH Donepudi
Published: March 2019

Corrugations are folds on a surface as found on wings of dragon fly insects. Although they fly at relatively lower altitudes its wings are adapted for better aerodynamic and aero-elastic characteristics. In the present work, three airfoil geometries were studied using the 2-D panel method to evaluate the aerodynamic performance for low Reynolds number. The experiments were conducted in wind tunnel for incompressible flow regime to demonstrate the coefficients of lift drag and glide ratio at two Reynolds numbers 1.9x104 and 1.5x105 and for angles of attack ranging between 00 and 160. The panel method results have been validated using the current and existing experiment data as well as with the computational work from cited literature. A good agreement between the experimental and the panel methods were found for low angles of attack. The results showed that till 80 angle of attack higher lift coefficient and lower drag coefficient are obtainable for corrugated airfoils as compared to NACA 0010. The validation of surface pressure coefficients for all three airfoils using the panel method at 40 angles of attack was done. The contours of the non-dimensional pressure and velocity are illustrated from -100 to 200 angles of attack. A good correlation between the experiment data and the computational methods revealed that the corrugated airfoils exhibit better aerodynamic performance than NACA 0010.
Relaciones sintácticas en la zona adverbial: El caso de pues
Authors: Morón Usandivaras Mariana
Published: March 2019

En el marco propuesto por Borzi (2001 y 2010), sostenemos que los esquemas binarios de coordinación/subordinación (definidos a priori y cuyas limitaciones se aspira a resolver por medio del concepto de interordinación) no son pertinentes para dar cuenta de la relación existente en el período causal porque esta es el resultado de los grados de coherencia/continuidad discursiva existente entre las cláusulas que lo conforman. El presente artículo propone estudiar el tipo de relación sintáctica que se establece entre las cláusulas causales introducidas por pues y la otra cláusula del período en el discurso alberdiano en relación con los siguientes parámetros: a) continuidad tópica entre los conectados del período causal, b) distribución de la información, c) iconicidad del orden de las cláusulas respecto del orden de los hechos y d) función retórica de ambas cláusulas.
Aportaciones al m-learning mediante Twitter
Authors: Domingo Peña Joan , Segura Casanovas Joan
Published: March 2019

Se hace una revisión de algunas de las actividades que se pueden hacer con el aprendizaje mediante teléfonos móviles inteligentes (smartphones) utilizando, concretamente, la red social Twitter, así como una visión de lo que es y ha sido Twitter. Posteriormente, se presentan y justifican los beneficios de seis aportaciones directas de los autores en esta línea, después de haberla utilizado a lo largo de cuatro cursos académicos, lo que supone ocho ediciones de una asignatura, al ser de impartición cuatrimestral y haber trabajado con más de dos mil estudiantes en este período. Se dan indicaciones y detalles de cómo llevar a cabo estas actividades, así como la forma de valorarlas. Se concluye con la opinión de los estudiantes hacia este tipo de tareas y las competencias que con ellas se facilitan.
Streaming en el Grado de Educación Social. Evaluación de una experiencia
Authors: Amorós Poveda Lucía
Published: March 2019

El trabajo que se presenta expone una experiencia con tecnología streaming llevada a cabo en el grupo de 2º curso del Grado en Educación Social de la Universidad de Murcia (España). Inicialmente la experiencia se contextualiza dentro de la docencia impartida en la Facultad de Educación, atendiendo a la guía docente de la asignatura. Su objetivo es el fomento de la participación estudiantil, que impregna el talante del educador social, asumiendo la problemática en torno a la brecha digital. En un segundo momento, se atiende al término streaming revisando los usos e impacto del streaming en el aprendizaje. Con ello, se aborda la problemática de partida y trata de resolverse a través de la retransmisión audiovisual bajo un soporte económicamente sostenible, propio de la web de televisión.Para finalizar, y como conclusión, se evalúa la experiencia dentro de la asignatura, atendiendo a la mesa redonda retransmitida en streaming en aras de favorecer la docencia orientada a la mejora. El índice de participación estudiantil fue alto (100% de participación) al mismo tiempo que las competencias establecidas dentro de la asignatura se vieron atendidas en su totalidad.
586. El cartógrafo Enrique d’Almonte, en la encrucijada del colonialismo español de Ásia y África (1858-1917)
Authors: Rodríguez Esteban José Antonio , Campos Serrano Alicia
Published: March 2019

D’Almonte fue un cartógrafo y geógrafo civil, que realizó los mejores mapas de las colonias españolas del momento (exceptuando Cuba): tarea normalmente realizada por militares. La explicación está en sus destrezas como dibujante, en sus cualidades como explorador, en los rudimentarios pero eficientes métodos de medición y en los saberes geográficos que supo atesorar: lingüísticos, geológicos, botánicos y etnográficos. Sus expediciones y mapas sobre Filipinas entre 1880 y 1898 sorprendieron tanto al American Bureau of Mineralogy que le calificó como “uno de los grandes exploradores del siglo XX”. Tuvo un papel central en la cartografía de Guinea Ecuatorial, tras diez años y varias expediciones, entre ellas de límites, destacando sobre la de Von Möisel. En 1914 hará el primer mapa del Sáhara Español, el único útil según el Servicio Cartográfico Militar, culminando en 1817 sus estudios etnográficos del sudeste asiático. Sus acciones y propuestas serían de gran utilidad para el dominio colonial que ese momento buscaban las autoridades españolas.
582. El megaproyecto de Nuevo Vallarta (México). Desterritorialización y afectaciones ambientales
Authors: Massé Magaña Mariel Verónica , Zizumbo Villarreal Lilia , Palafox-Muñoz Alejandro
Published: March 2019

El actual modelo turístico en Nayarit, es producto de la relación Estado-corporaciones para apoyar la inversión de grupos privados, a través del despojo, lo cual ha causado diversas afectaciones ambientales. Por ello, se buscó analizar el modelo turístico hegemónico y sus afectaciones ambientales a partir del proceso de desterritorialización para establecer el megaproyecto turístico de Nuevo Vallarta. La comprobación del supuesto anterior se fundamenta en una metodología documental y de campo bajo la categoría de desterritorialización, la aplicación de una entrevista a informantes clave para conocer las dimensiones sociales afectadas: económico, político y cultural, así como una guía de observación de impactos. La aplicación de la metodología, permitió analizar la conformación del actual desarrollo turístico, que, a través de reformas estructurales, se desterritorializa a la población rural para impulsar la internacionalización del destino, a costa de fracturar sus formas de vida, su relación con la naturaleza y la degradación de esta.
Sclerosing Mesenteritis
Authors: Danford Christopher J. , Lin Steven C. , Wolf Jacqueline L.
Published: March 2019

Sclerosing mesenteritis is a rare non-neoplastic disorder characterized by fat necrosis, chronic inflammation, and fibrosis typically of the small bowel mesentery. Our understanding of this disorder is limited by its rarity as well as inconsistent terminology used across the literature. While prior abdominal surgery or trauma, autoimmunity, infection, ischemia, and malignancy have been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of the disorder, it remains poorly understood. The clinical course of sclerosing mesenteritis is generally benign with a large proportion of patients diagnosed incidentally on imaging obtained for other indications. In a subset of patients, symptoms may arise from a mass effect on the bowel, lymphatics, or vasculature resulting in bowel obstruction, chylous ascites, or mesenteric ischemia. Symptomatic patients should be treated with a combination of corticosteroid and tamoxifen as first-line therapy based on retrospective case series and experience in other fibrosing disorders. Surgical intervention may be required in those with persistent obstruction despite conservative treatment, though complete resection of the mass is often not feasible given intimate involvement with the mesenteric vasculature. A careful use of terminology and communication between the radiologist, pathologist, and clinicians in the care of these patients will be essential to future efforts at understanding this disease.
Endoscopic Cyst Esophagostomy Using a Lumen-Apposing Stent for a Large Mediastinal Pancreatic Pseudocyst Compressing the Left Atrium
Authors: Aziz Muhammad , Fatima Rawish , Mohy-ud-din Nabeeha , Pervez Asad , Rastogi Amit
Published: March 2019

Pancreatic pseudocysts and peripancreatic fluid collections extending into the mediastinum are unusual. Endoscopically, intra-abdominal pseudocysts can be drained transmurally through the stomach or duodenum depending on the location. An endoscopic ultrasound–guided esophageal approach for mediastinal pseudocysts has not been reported commonly in the literature. We report a rare case of a large mediastinal pseudocyst that was drained through the distal esophagus with eventual complete resolution of symptoms and pseudocyst.
Metachronous Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm of the Bile Duct and Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm of the Pancreas in a Patient Diagnosed With Mucinous Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Brennan Gregory T. , Lee John G.
Published: March 2019

Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (IPNB) is a rare biliary tumor, which shares some radiologic and histologic similarities with pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). IPNB is a recognized precursor lesion of invasive adenocarcinoma. We present a case of metachronous IPNB and IPMN lesions in a patient with mucinous adenocarcinoma of the pancreas who presented with jaundice and abdominal pain. The patient was treated with surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy.
Wołosi/Vlasi z terenów Hercegowiny w świetle defterów osmańskich z XV i XVI wieku
Authors: Czamańska Ilona
Published: March 2019

Defter's are an excellent source for historians, especially in demographic and socio-economic research, they are also very useful in researching the Vlachian communities.Analysis of material contained in Ottoman defter's from the Herzegovina area leads to the following conclusions:1. In the area of Herzegovina, in the second half of the fifteenth century, Vlachs lived in a mostly nomadic lifestyle. Their number was at least sixty thousand people.2. In the second half of the fifteenth century, many abandoned villages were recorded. Abandoned villages were gradually settled by migratory Vlachs, which contributed to their change of lifestyle on semi-settled and settled. In 1585, Vlachs - shepherds who were not associated with a village were rare.3. In the Ottoman state, Vlachs those who lead an nomadic way of living, as well as those living in the Vlachian villages, were tax-favored, paid only a lump grazing tax for the state (a filuria with allowances), and did not pay any benefits to the timar owner. In the event that they served as derbenci's or vojnuc's, they were exempted from all taxes.4. Settling in the former agricultural villages, in particular related to undertaking agricultural activities, was most often associated with an additional burden of tithing for the sipahi. Departure from pastoralism meant degradation to a group of raya, most often in these villages mixed-agricultural-pastoral management was conducted. Newly settled villages rarely received the status of the vlachian villages, because such status freed residents from additional benefits even in the case of agricultural classes.5. The flat-rate grazing tax, filuria, in the fifteenth century had a fixed value and equaled 45 akçe, while at the end of the sixteenth century it was different for various Vlachs groups and could range from 60 to 200 akçe.  Considering the fact that additional fees for sheep or tents were liquidated and that the value of employment fell akçe significantly compared to the fifteenth century, the real amount of taxes did not increase, and in some cases it decreased.6. Not much on the basis of defilers can be said about the language used by the Herzegovina Vlachs. In defeats from the fifteenth century they bear mostly Slavic names, but sometimes there are also names only in the Vlachs: Radu, Bratul, Dabija, the same also applies to local names.7. Gradually, Islamization processes took place. In the fifteenth century, they are almost invisible among the Vlachs, almost all of them wore Christian names. At the end of the sixteenth century, a significant percentage of Vlachs wore Muslim names. The Islamization process seems to be faster among the Vlachs settled than the Vlachs nomads, but there is no rule.8. In the light of the defters in the area of Herzegovina, there is no difference between Muslims and non-Muslims in burdens to the state, but defters do not include the cizye, or headship, collected from non-Muslims.
Film japoński idzie na wojnę. Ustawa filmowa z 1939 roku i jej wpływ na kinematografię Japonii
Authors: Świrkowski Andrzej , Żeromska Estera
Published: March 2019

Film japoński idzie na wojnę. Ustawa filmowa z 1939 roku i jej wpływ na kinematografię Japonii
Multis vocibus de lingua anglica: towards an outline of an emotional profile of English as a major globalizing natural language of today
Authors: Puppel Stanisław
Published: March 2019

Multis vocibus de lingua anglica: towards an outline of an emotional profile of English as a major globalizing natural language of today
Głowa człowieka jako węzeł kulturowo-komunikacyjny: uwagi w sprawie ‘głowy kulturowej’
Authors: Puppel Joanna
Published: March 2019

Głowa człowieka jako węzeł kulturowo-komunikacyjny: uwagi w sprawie ‘głowykulturowej’
Attracting millennial consumers in the digital age
Authors: Grodzki Erika , Powers Stefanie , Burnstine Andrew
Published: March 2019

This study focuses on the recent fall of many large scale department stores (Macy’s, J. C. Penney Company, Sear’s, Kmart) and other retail, pharmacy and grocery stores (Bebe, Whole Foods, CVS, Chico’s, Limited, Radio Shack, Game Stop) across the United States. The researchers set out to discover why stores that have existed for years suddenly had to shut down physical locations. The researchers hypothesized that these retail outlets have failed to properly attract millennial consumers. Marketers are endlessly attempting to find solutions on how to best attract millennials in this digital age. What appears to be evident, though, is that the habits of this demographic prefer the ease provided by online shopping. Secondary sources were reviewed to determine exactly why the stores have fallen. The millennial culture was a key component of the study. The results suggest that the stores failed due to improper targeting and in-store attraction.
The image of a doctor in a doctor-patient relationship in the Internet era
Authors: Wiertlewska Janina
Published: March 2019

The following paper deals with the issues of doctor’s image in the doctor-patient relationship in the Internet era and the influence of Internet on patient’s compliance. Both positive and negative standpoints have been discussed briefly, followed by a description of a research model proposed by Laugesen, Hassanein and Yufei (2015) applicable for this type of study. The study examines the impact of patients’ use of Internet health information on various elements of patient-doctor relation (including compliance) through a theoretical model based on principal-agent theory as well as the information asymmetry perspective. A pilot survey and interview study performed on one Polish doctor and a group of his patients, a specialist in Family Medicine has been described. The study carried out by three coworkers: Laugesen, Hassanein and Yufei (2015) revealed that patient-doctor concordance and perceived information asymmetry have relevant effects on patient’s compliance while patient-doctor concordance reveals a stronger relationship. The final conclusions were such that only doctor’s quality had a significant influence on the information asymmetry; the Internet health information gathered by a patient had no impact on perceived information asymmetry; the pilot study performed on the Polish physician confirms the theses presented in this paper but further investigations concerning the formerly discussed issues should be done.
The Charter: a plea for tolerance
Authors: Hamans Camiel
Published: March 2019

This paper describes the background of the Charter for Regional and Minority Languages (1992). To explain why linguistic diversity became an issue in the last decades of the 20th century, the paper goes back to the end of the 18th and the 19th century, a period in which nation building and homogenization were the main political issues in Western Europe. Since language was seen as nation binder language diversity was anathema. This led to language conflicts, which were sought to be solved by means of the Charter that promoted the acceptance of language diversity.
Structure of the South-Western Part of the Curonian Spit
Authors: Badyukova Ekaterina N. , Zindarev Leonid A. , Lukyanova Svetlana A. , Solovieva Galina D.
Published: March 2019

This article addresses the southern sector of the Curonian Spit, the largest coastal barrier of the Baltic Sea. A comparative analysis of the deposits that make up parts of the Curonian and Vistula Spits is given. The detailed analysis of the geological and geomorphological structure of the southern part of the Curonian Spit suggests that, within this sector, it is not a sedimentary barrier created by wave action and Aeolian processes in the Holocene, but a part of a pre-Holocene fluvioglacial plain. Field work has shown that the ancient alluvial or fluvioglacial plain is in the lagoon shore of the Vistula Spit.
Contemporary Dynamics of the Sea Shore of Kaliningrad Oblast
Authors: Karmanov Konstantin , Burnashov Eugeniy , Chubarenko Boris
Published: March 2019

The article presents estimations of coastline retreat and advance in Kaliningrad Oblast at 85 monitoring points for a ten-year period of 2007–2017, based on monitoring data supplemented with satellite image analysis. The mean annual rate of coastline retreat and advance was estimated in general for each of the four major morpholithodynamic segments of the coastline: the Vistula (−0.2 m/year) and Curonian (−0.4 m/year) spits, as well as the western (−0.5 m/year) and northern (−0.2 m/year) shores of the Sambia Peninsula. The analysis of the shore protection measures implemented in Kaliningrad Oblast from 2007 to 2017 showed that the length of protected shore segments increased by 30% to 14.5 km, which is 10% of the total coastline. The obtained scheme of long-term mean annual rates of coastline retreat and advance clearly demonstrates an uneven distribution of eroded segments along the shores of Kaliningrad Oblast, however the sea shore of Kaliningrad Oblast is mainly susceptible to erosion (44%). Accumulative segments of the shore make up only 17% of the total coastline, and the remaining 39% of the shore is relatively stable. The results obtained demonstrate that the long-term mean annual rate of coastline retreat has decreased to −0.3 m/year from −1 m/year in the earlier period of 2000–2010. The general condition of the entire coastline of Kaliningrad Oblast can therefore be described as relatively sustainable]. The changes are related to several factors, such as an increase in the length of protected shore segments, the resumption of sand pulp dumping in the beach area by the Amber Mining Plant, and an increase in the amount of analytical data from an expanded local monitoring network.
Construction of regional geoid using a virtual spherical harmonics model
Authors: Wang Jianqiang , Wu Keqiang
Published: March 2019

The spherical cap harmonics (SCH) method can be used in regional geoid modeling. The core of this approach is the computation of its associated Legendre functions (ALF) with non-integer degree. However, it is unlikely to obtain a large number of zero-root values for the non-integer ALF. To overcome this problem, a new approach called virtual spherical harmonics (VSH) is proposed in this paper to transform the cap range into the whole sphere so that unlimited numbers of zero-root values can be obtained. The new approach was tested using four cap ranges with the radii of

30

∘

{30^{\circ }}

,

15

∘

{15^{\circ }}

,

10

∘

{10^{\circ }}

and

5

∘

{5^{\circ }}

, and geoid undulations for each of the regions are calculated from EGM2008. For each of the regions, the geoid undulations were used to construct three models with three different degrees of 20, 30 and 40. Numerical results showed that with the increase in the degree of the VSH model, the value of the maximum error decreases; and the maximum error of the model was less than 1 mm while the maximum degree is 40.
The role of Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy in the management of gastric cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Garg Pankaj Kumar , Jara Maximilian , Alberto Miguel , Rau Beate
Published: March 2019

Background

The quest to cure or to contain the disease in cancer patients leads to new strategies and techniques being added to the armamentarium of oncologists. Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a recently described surgical technique which is being evaluated at many centers for the management of peritoneal metastasis (PM). The present study is a systematic review to evaluate the current role of PIPAC in the management of gastric cancer associated PM.

Methods

A systematic search was conducted in Pubmed and EMBASE database using relevant keywords and confirming to the PRISMA guidelines to identify the articles describing the role of PIPAC in gastric cancer associated PM. All the studies which were published prior to July 1, 2018 in English literature and reported the role of PIPAC in gastric cancer associated PM were included in the systematic review.

Results

The search yielded 79 articles; there were ten published studies which have reported the use of PIPAC in gastric cancer associated PM. A total of 129 patients with gastric cancer associated PM were treated in the studies. Only two studies had an exclusive cohort of gastric cancer patients while eight other studies had a heterogeneous population with a small proportion of gastric cancer patients. There was only one study highlighting the role of PIPAC in neoadjuvant setting to downgrade the peritoneal carcinomatosis index. All the studies revealed that PIPAC is feasible and has minimal perioperative morbidity, even after repeated applications.

Conclusion

There is a scarcity of English literature related to the role of PIPAC in gastric cancer associated PM. PIPAC is a safe and well-tolerated procedure which has the potential to contain spreading PM. Further studies are warranted to better define the role of PIPAC in gastric cancer associated PM.
Qualitative learning analytics to detect students’ emotional topography on EduOpen
Authors: Loperfido Fedela Feldia , Dipace Anna , Scarinci Alessia
Published: March 2019

What emotions can students experience in digitally mediated learning processes? In this paper, we connect Learning Analytics to the Grounded Theory in order to analyse the emotional world of students of 11 courses within the EduOpen (www.eduopen.org) massive open online course (MOOC) platform. Namely, we have used NVivo 11 Plus software and have adopted a bottom–up process to analyse the forum dedicated to students’ self-presentation from all the courses. Proceeding with the analysis, we defined a set of categories composed of a three-level system. At a more general level, we have two dimensions that we named, respectively, ‘Sentiments about shell’ and ‘Sentiments towards the pulp’. Each of these dimensions is composed of a number of ‘child’ categories and subcategories (which are the nodes in NVivo’s language). After defining the entire set of categories and categorising all the texts (which was a circular process), we run some graphs on NVivo showing the hierarchical structure of the dimensions, the relations between the dimensions and the sources and the clusters of dimensions by coding similarity. The results show how some courses are composed of more negative or more positive sentiments (towards the topic and/or the logistic arrangement of the course) and how the motivation dimension characterises the broad emotional dimension of students heavily. In an evidence-based action-research perspective, these results provide interesting suggestions to personalise the learning activities proposed to students by EduOpen.
New biomedical practices and discourses: Focus on surrogacy
Authors: Garzone Giuliana Elena
Published: March 2019

This study, set in a discourse-analytical and constructionist framework, explores the impact of biomedical advances on language and discourse. The main focus is on surrogacy and on the websites of ten organizations promoting it, with headquarters in various countries where this practice is legal. The discursive representation of the different forms of surrogacy and related Assisted Reproductive Technologies is discussed, focusing in particular on the communicative strategies enacted to deal with the most sensitive and controversial aspects. The analysis provides evidence of an approach that represents surrogacy, the actors and the moral issues involved in absolutely positive terms, and at the same time disregards the most problematic and controversial aspects, making recourse to some recurrent discursive frames. A further aspect investigated is the representation and denomination of the various actors involved, in a context where the spread of new reproductive technologies has introduced the possibility of significantly altering the natural mechanisms presiding over the inception of human life, and has thus triggered a process of lexical innovation and adaptation of the basic vocabulary associated with reproduction and kinship roles.
Exploring the Relationship Between Timed Up and Go Test Times and Fall History in an Inpatient Geriatric Psychiatry Unit: A Retrospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Struble-Fitzsimmons Danielle , Pinto Zipp Genevieve , DeLuca Deborah , Zhang Ning
Published: March 2019

Background and Purpose:

Inpatient geriatric psychiatry units have the highest fall rates in the acute care setting and most falls in this population occur during the mobility tasks of transfers and ambulation. The Timed Up and Go (TUG) test includes these 2 specific functional tasks and has been used to predict falls in other geriatric populations but has never been tested in an inpatient geriatric psychiatry unit. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the TUG time measurements of inpatient geriatric psychiatry patients were associated with falling.

Methods:

The study was a retrospective chart review using a case-control design. The sample was obtained from patients admitted to 1 inpatient geriatric psychiatry unit during the 4-month study period.

Results:

The total sample size was N = 62 and included older adults with (N = 29; “fallers”) and without (N = 33; “nonfallers”) a history of falls in the 6 months prior to admission. The mean age of fallers (M = 75.8, SD = 9.6) was not significantly different from the age of nonfallers (M = 74.0, SD = 7.6), P = .424. Both groups had higher proportions of female subjects; nonfallers were 75.8% (n = 25) female and fallers were 69.0% (n = 20) female. Most nonfallers (84.8%) completed the TUG testing without an assistive device, while most fallers (48.3%) used a walker. A significant difference was found between the TUG times of nonfallers and fallers, U = 737.00, z = 3.65, P < .001, r = 0.46. Fallers took longer to complete the TUG test (median = 26.5) than nonfallers (median = 13.6). The TUG time explanatory variable was statistically significant, P = .002. Increasing TUG times were associated with an increased likelihood of patient falls (odds ratio = 1.10). The optimal TUG cutoff score was 16.5 seconds, with 79.3% sensitivity and 72.7% specificity.

Conclusions:

The TUG time measurement was found to be associated with falling. A cutoff time of 16.5 seconds is recommended to identify nonfallers from fallers in the inpatient geriatric psychiatry setting.
Do Sociodemographic Factors Relate to Walking Ability in Individuals Who Underwent Total Knee Arthroplasty?
Authors: Tanaka Shigeharu , Tamari Kotaro , Amano Tetsuya , Uchida Shigehiro , Robbins Shawn M. , Miura Yasushi
Published: March 2019

Background and Purpose:

Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most common health problems in older adults and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is able to improve walking ability in these individuals. There have been few studies investigating whether sociodemographic factors influence walking ability after TKA. The aim of this study was to examine which sociodemographic factors relate to walking ability in Japanese older adults following TKA during the acute stage of recovery.

Methods:

This prospective cohort study included 388 participants, from a multicenter database, who underwent TKA. The Timed Up and Go test 2 weeks after TKA was the dependent variable. Sociodemographic factors including age, sex, body mass index, marital status, and academic qualification were independent variables. In addition, type of surgery and severity of osteoarthritis were measured as confounding variables. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to predict the factors that have the greatest influence on walking ability. Models were examined with and without confounding factors.

Results and Discussion:

In the final regression model, older age, conventional TKA approaches, increased severity of Kellgren-Lawrence grade, and women were associated with longer Timed Up and Go time. Academic qualification and marital status were not related to walking ability.

Conclusions:

Our results suggest that age, type of surgery, severity of osteoarthritis, and sex are related to Timed Up and Go time during the acute stage following TKA and need to be assessed.