bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
effect of digital governance in risk management in health institutions amidst Corona Pandemic: A study applied on a sample of workers in health institutions
Authors: Mohamed Salwa Dirar Awad , Zobair Alwia Saeed Osman
Published: August 2022

This study aimed to identify the existing situation and the extent to which digitization of governance contribute in enhancing the role of health institutions in preventing the spread of epidemics by managing and containing the risks resulting from the spread of the Corona virus and reducing its risks. It was applied to a representative sample of health institutions workers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia which included (50) members. The data was analyzed using the statistical analysis program, statistical packages for the social sciences, and many results and recommendations were presented. The results revealed that there is a clear tendency towards digitization of governance in health institutions in the Kingdom, which resulted in a superior ability to manage risks during the pandemic, limit its spread and reduce its risks, as it was found from the statistical tables for the respondents’ response to the elements of the hypothesis related to the first factor (governance of formulating plans for risk management) and the second element (The digital governance of health institutions) reflected positive responses by more than (90%) of the total responses.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of neonates born to mothers with confirmed COVID-19 infection at Dr. Soetomo regional general hospital, Surabaya, in 2021
Authors: Nurkumala Wilis , Cininta Nareswari
Published: August 2022

To describe the characteristics of neonates born to mothers with confirmed Covid-19 infection. A descriptive retrospective study using medical record data of patients treated in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Dr. Soetomo Regional General Hospital from January 1 to July 24, 2021. A total of 174 mothers were confirmed with positive COVID-19 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) swab test results. A total of 11 neonates were confirmed with positive COVID-19 RT-PCR swab test results, and 30% of them (52 neonates) were born preterm. The delivery method was dominated by the Caesarean section, as many as 117 pregnant women (67%). A total of 48 neonates (27%) were born with a birth weight of < 2,500 grams, 18 babies (10%) were born died with 2 positive COVID-19 RT-PCR swab test results. Currently, no vertical transmission of COVID-19 was proven. Meanwhile, the horizontal transmission was assumed to be the source of COVID-19 infection in neonates. Indeed, the application of health protocols was proven to prevent such infection effectively.
Perceptions of Women in Timorese Society.
Authors: Boarccaech Alessandro
Published: August 2022

This article analyses some of the perceptions of women in the Timorese society. To organize the discussion, this article is divided into three parts. In the first part, I escribe an activity conducted with civil servants, in which four curricula vitae were handed out to two women and two men. They were asked to choose the one that presented the best qualifications for the position of a director in a project that would have social impact. In the second part, I analyse the results of a group dynamics study that was performed with 30 men and 30 women, in which they were asked to evaluate a hypothetical situation of  intrafamilial violence, as well as opinion research conducted with 50 women and 50 men on their understanding of domestic violence. In the third part, I describe some situations involving customary justice that is served, as it relates to violence against women. In both activities, it was found that there are general components (values, ethics, cultural norms), specific components (typical of men/women relationships), and singular components (each individual’s characteristics) governing the meanings and the perceptions of women in society.
Editorial Vol. 01 Nº2
Authors: Manrique Nugent Manuel Alberto Luis
Published: August 2022

SRJOURNAL C.I.D.I. En esta oportunidad del Vol. 01 Nº2 del segundo semestre del 2021 de la Revista Científica y Tecnológica arbitrada y editada por un equipo de investigadores reconocidos por el Registro  Nacional  Científico,  Tecnológico  y  de  Innovación  Tecnológica  RENACYT–CONCYTEC que conforman parte del Objetivo del Estado Peruano Publicar temas científicos y contamos con pares ciegos a nivel Internacional que forman parte de este Consejo Editorial.
nautodikai
Authors: Erdas Donatella
Published: August 2022

La magistratura ateniese dei nautodikai è menzionata in fonti frammentarie (un accenno in IG I3 41, testimonianze della loro attività in un paio di versi delle commedia antica e in un frammento di Cratero il Macedone) e nei lessici. Le prime attestazioni risalgono agli anni Quaranta del V sec. a.C. ed essi sembrano inizialmente coinvolti in cause legate all’accertamento della cittadinanza (graphai xenias), almeno fino agli ultimi decenni del V sec. a.C. Con i primi anni del IV sec. a.C. i nautodikai mutano funzione, e sono citati nell’orazione lisiana Sulla proprietà di Eratone come giudici impegnati in cause riguardanti degli emporoi. Tale funzione è inoltre confermata dalle fonti lessicografiche. Ripercorrendo tutte le testimonianze relative a questa magistratura, nell’articolo si intende mostrare come una caratteristica costante nell’operato dei nautodikai sia quella dell’urgenza e contemporanemente dell’inadempienza nello svolgimento delle cause. La loro limitata funzionalità come collegio giudicante spiegherebbe la dismissione del loro ufficio al più tardi intorno alla metà del IV sec. a.C., quando più sentita era l’esigenza di garantire una rapida risoluzione delle controversie, soprattutto in ambito commerciale.
A Reduced-Complexity Maximum Likelihood Detection with A Sub Optimal Ber Requirement
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Indian Institute of Technology,  Kharagpur (Hyderabad), India., Mourya Sharan , Dutta Amit Kumar ,   Research Associate, Indian Institute of Technology,  Kharagpur (Hyderabad), India.
Published: August 2022

Maximum likelihood (ML) detection is an optimal signal detection scheme, which is often difficult to implement due to its high computational complexity, especially in a multiple input multiple-output (MIMO) scenario. In a system with Nt transmit antennas employing M-ary modulation, the ML-MIMO detector requires MNt cost function (CF) evaluations followed by a search operation for detecting the symbol with the minimum CF value. However, a practical system needs the bit-error ratio (BER) to be application-dependent which could be sub-optimal. This implies that it may not be necessary to have the minimal CF solution all the time. Rather it is desirable to search for a solution that meets the required sub-optimal BER. In this work, we propose a new detector design for a SISO/MIMO system by obtaining the relation between BER and CF which also improves the computational complexity of the ML detector for a sub-optimal BER.
Social Media in the Social Distancing Era: Paramount and Pitfall
Authors: R. Raine Samuel , Choudhury Nafisa
Published: August 2022

Birthed with technology at our fingertips, Millennials and Gen-Z medical students have seamlessly incorporated internet-enabled devices into every facet of our lives. As the COVID-19 pandemic entered the public consciousness, these phones and tablets were the first things we reached for to find out the up-to-the-minute impact on our community and the world at large. The internet and social media enabled many of us medical students to educate ourselves on epidemiology and treatments, transition glitch-free into distance learning, and feel the pulse of the international community. As we capitalized on the benefits of social media during the pandemic, some of us also discerned first-hand how these platforms enabled unforeseen harm and mistrust in the realm of public health. In reflection of the year, we now recognize that social media is a double-edged sword and that as health practitioners, we have a role to play in sharpening the benefits and blunting the risks of social media use in public health.
2018 Attica Wildfires: The Intersection of Governance Failures and Climate Change
Authors: Christakis Georgia
Published: August 2022

The 2018 wildfires in Attica were the second-worst fire disaster of the 21stcentury. While this tragedy is another example of the effects of climate change, news headlines published as recently as 2020 yield inconsistencies in the actions of fire management services and both local and national leadership. Many questions regarding the wildfires remain unanswered. Here we explore the intersection of anthropogenic climate change with the governance failures that culminated in the deadliest fire disaster Greece has seen in recent history.
Attitudes and Knowledge Towards Immunization in Tuzla Canton Population
Authors: Efendić Indira , Ahmetagić Ilma , Srabović Nedim , Mujanović Adnan , Sivić Suad , Smajić Raza , Mihajlović Saša , Mahmuzić Eldina , Omerović Midhat , Begić Elmira , Šadić Azra , Ahmetspahić Erna , Efendić Irma
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Despite the proven safety and efficacy of vaccines, common diseases which can be prevented by regular vaccination, are still not controlled in all European countries. The most important barriers which parents encounter while making decisions about vaccination include unwanted vaccination effects, attitude towards the disease, and the effectiveness and safety of the vaccine. Methods: The sample consisted of 1850 participants who have registered place of residence in one of the five cities in the region of the Tuzla Canton. The questioner was created by the authors of this paper and it consisted of 22 items which were divided into 4 categories. Results: Statistical analysis showed that more than half of participants who have declared themselves as vaccine skeptics had completed secondary school as their last level of education, and base their attitude on the information provided through the mass media sources without performing additional verification. It has been found that there is a certain percentage of healthcare workers with whom the parents contacted, and who advised them against the immunization of their child, which further deepens the skepticism of parents. Discussion: We need better and more efficient ways of informing and engaging the vaccine sceptic parents. This whole process cannot be left to the parents themselves, and the role of a healthcare professional is based on the fact that he/she is a reference person who will inform, through adequate communication, provide basic knowledge and help the parents during this entire process. Key Words: vaccine, active immunization, MMR vaccine, anti-vaccination movement
Race and Disaster Relief
Authors: Chun Shannon
Published: August 2022

Natural disasters represent common, yet often ignored, contributors to wealth inequality. With the ongoing global threat of climate change, floods, wildfires, and hurricanes increasingly have become regular phenomena that inevitably overwhelm local emergency response and infrastructure and result in large-scale damage or loss or life.1 Institutional racist policies have ensured that socioeconomically disadvantaged groups and racial and ethnic minorities bear a disproportionate burden of the economic and structural destruction and morbidity and mortality resulting from natural disasters. By nature of their scope and devastation, relief efforts often necessitate external or governmental assistance. While often dispatched without hesitation, it is critical to examine how disaster response structures and relief may further exacerbate and contribute to existing racial inequities.
Aftermath as Disaster: An Evaluation of Disaster Capitalism and The Evolution of Healthcare Delivery in New Orleans 15 Years After Katrina
Authors: R. McBay​ Brandon
Published: August 2022

While Hurricane Katrina’s impact on the city of New Orleans has been discussed at length, what remains under discussed is how Hurricane Katrina’s initial destruction was only one part of a protracted disaster that unfolded. The closure of Charity Hospital, described herein through the lens of disaster capitalism, resulted in a concentration of ill-fated consequences for marginalized communities in New Orleans, the effects of which are longstanding. The various sociopolitical maneuvers state officials used to keep Charity Hospital closed— in favor of building a new hospital—should serve as a cautionary tale for communities under the ever-increasing threat of natural disasters secondary to climate change; safety net hospitals like Charity are subject to predatory disaster capitalism that puts the health and safety of the communities they serve at risk. The first iteration of what would become Charity Hospital— L'Hospital des Pauvres de la Charite—was founded in the French colony of New Orleans with funds bequeathed by Jean Louis for treatment of the colony’s indigent in 17361;(2) fires, hurricanes, and the need for more space forced a series of several moves and rebuilds over the hospital’s history until a sixth and final iteration in 1939 resulted in a twenty story, Art Deco-styled hospital located at 1532 Tulane Ave housing over 2,680 beds.(1-4) The hospital came under public control after the Louisiana Department of Health assumed control from the Sisters of Charity in 1970.(4) Eventually, Charity’s operation was turned over to the Louisiana Health Care Authority (LHCA) in 1991, the state’s network of public safety-net hospitals described as a “holdover remnant of Keynesian New Deal-era policies”5 before ownership of this system was transferred to the Louisiana State University (LSU) system in 1997. While its position as one of the nation’s oldest hospitals alone is noteworthy, it is also Charity Hospital’s sustained function as a hospital of last resort for the region’s poor and underserved amidst a variety of operational changes that makes Charity Hospital’s history unique. The landfall of Hurricane Katrina brought an end to this legacy and irreversibly changed healthcare delivery for the entirety of New Orleans.
Drug Supply Shortage in India During COVID-19 Pandemic: Efforts and Challenges
Authors: Dapke Kartik , Phadke Rachana , N. Rocha Ian Christopher , dos Santos Costa Ana Carla , Ahmad Shoaib , Yasir Essar Mohammad , Menon Vaishnavi , Edet Bassey Esther , Malhotra Kashish , Shah Jaffer
Published: August 2022

Despite being one of the largest pharmaceutical hubs globally, India is currently facing drug supply shortage due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper discusses the current situation of pharmaceutical industries in India and its repercussions on general health. It also cites similar situations in other countries and the impacts of drug shortage at the moment. Several factors were found responsible for this crisis, especially during the pandemic, including shortage of manpower and disrupted transportation due to strict laws enforcing a nationwide lockdown and dependency of Indian pharmaceutical companies on China for active pharmaceutical ingredient procurement. The paper recommends measures to overcome this situation, emphasizing on relaxing the strict government policies, granting more control to the public sector, and modifying the company laws for workers. It also recommends the government to work in conjunction with the investors and innovators to help curb this problem.
Impact of pre-sowing seed treatments on germination of common fodder tree species of lower Siwalik range of Garhwal Himalayas
Authors: Khantwal Ajay , Negi Kalam , Madwal Kavita
Published: August 2022

The Present investigation based on experiment conducted at Kotdwara Forest Division nursery to assess the effects of certain type of treatment for increasing regeneration potential of common fodder tree species especially having tough seed coat viz., Bauhinia variegata (Kachnar), Linn.; Grewia disprema (Dayamul), Schleichera oleosa (Kusum) and Terminalia bellirica (Bahera). It was found that hard seed coat act as a barrier for general seedling growth on natural condition. The percentage germination of seed has been found to be very low which affects regeneration under natural condition. The present study was undertaken to find out the effect of various pre-sowing treatment on such fodder tree species to get early germination with good germination percentage.
Comparative biology of Phycodes radiata (Lepidoptera: Brachodidae) on four host plants of Moraceae family
Authors: Datta Om
Published: August 2022

Fig leaf roller moth, Phycodes radiata is a minor, polyphagous and sporadic pest of the ficus plants in the Moraceae family. The comparative biology of P. radiata was evaluated on four host plants: Ficus benjamina, F. benghalensis, F. glomerata, and F. religiosa. The eggs hatch after an incubation period of 6.80±0.70, 6.82±0.72, 6.80±0.71, and 6.82±0.73 days. The hatching percentages of the eggs were recorded to be highest (95%) on F. religiosa and the lowest (82%) on F. benghalensis. The total larval period was recorded as 19.80±2.91, 19.85±3.0, 19.57±3.37 and 19.36±3.29 days respectively, the longest on F. benghalensis and the shortest on F. religiosa. The male pupal period lasted for 9.80±0.50, 9.80±0.40, 9.80±0.45 and 9.80±0.49 days; and the female pupal period was 9.67±0.79, 9.66±0.74, 9.67±0.78 and 9.67±0.80 days respectively. The male longevity was observed as 5.87±0.33, 5.88±0.32, 5.87±0.35 and 5.88±0.36 days, whereas, the female longevity was recorded to be 7.89±0.49, 7.87±0.48, 7.90±0.52 and 7.89±0.55 days respectively on four host plants.
Covid-19 e vacinas - acesso universal versus mercado
Authors: Garrafa Volnei , Pyrrho Monique
Published: August 2022

O objetivo do trabalho é analisar o direito de acesso aos benefícios do desenvolvimento cientifico-tecnológico, tendo as vacinas contra a Covid-19 como referência de estudo. O texto sustenta-se metodologicamente em artigos da Declaração Universal sobre Bioética e Direitos Humanos da Unesco (DUBDH) que tem relação directa com a situação proposta. O estudo inicia com a apresentação da DUBDH e breve histórico de seus pressupostos básicos. Com base nos Artigos 21º e 24º que tratam respectivamente das “Práticas Transnacionais” e “Cooperação Internacional”, a reflexão indica mudanças significativas recentes com relação à “universalidade do acesso à saúde”, substituída nas instâncias da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) e Banco Mundial pela proposta de “cobertura universal à saúde”, com significado e alcance bastante diversos. A partir do Artigo 13 da DUBDH, que trata da “Solidariedade e Cooperação”, o texto defende o conceito de “solidariedade cooperativa”, fundamentado na concepção clássica bilateral de solidariedade como ajuda de países poderosos a outros mais necessitados, embora essa possibilidade seja com frequência substituída por situações da chamada “solidariedade exploratória”. Finalmente, com base no Artigo 15º, que trata do “Compartilhamento de Benefícios” - central para o presente estudo - é apresentada uma análise comparativa entre: a) Factos históricos relacionados com a permissão para quebra de patentes no âmbito da Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC) que possibilitaram acesso amplo às terapias antirretrovirais para controlo do HIV/AIDS; e b) Factos que passaram acontecer a partir de 2020 com a pandemia de Covid-19 com relação ao direito do acesso às vacinas.Palavras-chaves: Bioética; Declaração Universal; Direitos Humanos; Cooperação internacional
Desafios bioéticos na sociedade tecnológica
Authors: Santos Lílian
Published: August 2022

Há 50 anos atrás, Van Rensselaer Potter, considerado pai da Bioética, publicou Bioética: ponte para o futuro. Mesmo sendo uma disciplina relativamente recente, e ainda enfrentando o desafio de consolidar-se, a Bioética deve dar respostas à questões antigas e novas, conforme evidenciado na pandemia de Covid-19. Na primeira parte deste trabalho, apresentam-se alguns dilemas actuais, que são possíveis pela tecnologia disponível. Utilizam-se casos dos últimos cinco anos, para ilustrar como o uso das novas biotecnologias exigem uma reflexão bioética, necessária tanto para os sujeitos envolvidos directamente, como para a sociedade em geral. Consideramos que o progresso, para que seja verdadeiro, deve ser um avanço na direcção correcta. Ou seja, a tecnologia por si só não basta para o progresso da humanidade, é necessário que o seu uso favoreça a pessoa humana e a sociedade, sempre respeitando os direitos e considerando os deveres. A segunda parte concentra-se na origem, actualidade e horizonte da na Bioética. Revisam-se alguns dos acontecimentos mais importantes no seu desenvolvimento, desde a primeira vez que a palavra foi usada em 1927, até os desafios que se preveem nas próximas décadas. Conclui-se com a necessidade de uma Bioética verdadeiramente global, com métodos e princípios consolidados, e capaz de dar respostas aos dilemas actuais. Portanto, os três desafios principais possivelmente são: ampliar a visão, contar com um fundamento antropológico, e ser capaz de ser pró-activa.Palavras chave: Bioética; Ética; Biotecnologia
Rang-Ay Babaen ti 4Ps: Its Impact to Selected Ilokano Beneficiaries in Santiago, Ilocos Sur, Philippines
Authors: De Los Reyes Brent Xavier E , Azarias Ranec , Mamaclay Kyrel E , Carranza Ciara Angela , Rayray Angela , Directo Jr Fidel A , G Orpilla Jay-r
Published: August 2022

The pressing problem on poverty have led the Philippine government to initiate program on poverty alleviation, and one of these programs is the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps). Review of related studies revealed that there is a need to investigate the impact of this program. In this context, this case study was conducted to determine the impact of the 4Ps in terms of poverty reduction, social development, financial management, and livelihood empowerment. Through the use of an aide-mémoire, six (6) beneficiaries and their families were interviewed. Results of thematic analysis of the interview transcripts revealed that 4Ps program provides the families’ basic needs, promotes the families’ well-being, promotes their socioeconomic status, and provides capital for their livelihood. Clearly, the program had positive impact on the lives of the beneficiaries which characterizes the Ilokano phrase ‘Rang-ay Babaen ti 4Ps’ which means the improvement of the quality and status of the beneficiaries’ lives after adopting the 4Ps program.
THE EFFECT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY, COMPANY SIZE AND CAPITAL INTENSITY ON TAX AVOIDANCE
Authors: Siregar Mutiara , Azzahra Khoirunisa
Published: August 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of corporate social responsibility, company size and capital intensity on tax avoidance in property and real estate sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2020. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling and 23 companies were included with a period of 6 years so that 138 samples were observed. The analytical method used to examine the effect of corporate social responsibility on tax avoidance is the model with the help of software reviews version 10. The results show that corporate social responsibility, company size has an effect on tax avoidance and conversely capital intensity has no significant effect on tax avoidance. There are still many companies that have not disclosed their financial statements in full company management activities, so it is hoped that the company can publish its financial statements in full because it is not only beneficial for the company, this can also increase public trust in the company.
THE EFFECT OF FREE CASH FLOW, INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITY SET AND INSTITUTIONAL OWNERSHIP ON DIVIDEND POLICY
Authors: Putri Demila Adliana Karmelia , Azzahra Khoirunisa
Published: August 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of free cash flow, investment opportunity set, and institutional ownership on dividend policy in manufacturing companies in the food and beverage sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2016-2020 period. This type of research is quantitative, the data used is secondary data in the form of financial reports obtained through the official website of the Indonesian Stock Exchange. The sample was selected by Purposive Sampling method and obtained sample of 7 companies with the total sample company is 35 units of analysis. The data analysis technique used is panel data regression analysis using the Eviews 10 program data processing. The results show that free cash flow, investment opportunity set and institutional ownership simultaneously have an effect on dividend policy in food and beverage sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the IDX in 2016-2020. Meanwhile, partially free cash flow and investment opportunity set variables have no effect on dividend policy.
PERBANDINGAN ANTARA ECONOMIC VALUE ADDED (EVA) DENGAN RETURN ON ASSETS (ROA) DALAM MENILAI KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Madina  , Budiyanti Hety , Nurman
Published: August 2022

This study aims to compare the Economic Value Added (EVA) method with Return On Assets (ROA) in assessing the company's financial performance on IDX BUMN20 shares on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Based on the results of the comparison discussion between EVA and ROA methods, it can be seen that there are differences in the two financial measuring instruments. This difference is caused because the ROA calculation does not pay attention to the cost of capital, while in the EVA method, the cost of capital is included in the calculation so that the EVA method is more profitable than ROA. However, the ROA method can be used as a supporter of EVA in assessing the company's financial performance.
Annual and biennial invasive species in the flora of Ivanovo
Authors: Borisova Elena Anatolyevna , Dmitrieva Zhanna Mikhailovna
Published: August 2022

The paper analyzes invasive plant species in a large regional center of European Russia the city of Ivanovo. Based on the conducted research (by 2022) a group of 25 annual and biennial invasive plant species were identified in Ivanovo, which belong to 10 families and 19 genera. The authors have established ecopopological features of successfully naturalized of these species within the city limits, as well as their association with certain natural and anthropogenic ecotopes. 4 most active species (Bidens frondosa, Heraculum sosnowsky, Impatiens glandulifera, I. parviflora) are classified as transformers. They form dense monodominant thickets in various parts of the city, successfully compete and displace species of native flora. The largest number of species occurs in ecotopes, which are characterized by a simplified structure and lability. 17 species are in the composition of natural ecotopes, and the most vulnerable among them are water bodies and riparian communities. Among the anthropogenic ecotopes, habitats (24 species), roadsides (20 species) and wastelands (19 species) are more actively populated by invasive annual and biennial species. The problems of control and management of the spread of invasive species, including a large group of annual and biennial plants, should be solved comprehensively, within the framework of general economic and social urban programs based on scientific monitoring data.
The methodology for assessing an integral indicator of the degree of favorable weather conditions for plants
Authors: Zhuikova Tatyana Valerievna , Meling Eleonora Vasilievna , Popova Anastasia Sergeevna
Published: August 2022

The weather and climatic conditions of the periods under study significantly affect the response of biological systems to other environmental factors, including technogenic transformation of the environment. Having a complex of weather factors, it is difficult to unequivocally judge the favorable weather conditions of a particular year of observation. In this paper, an integral indicator of the degree of favorable weather conditions and a technology for its calculation are proposed. The degree of favorable weather is expressed in points on a five-point scale. The calculation uses a set of weather factors that potentially affect the biological object under study (organism, population, community). Weather factors and periods in which they can affect the objects under study are selected taking into account the biological characteristics of the object, for example, in our case, the period of the intrarenal phase (May of the previous year), the stage of active organogenesis, extrarenal growth until the period of collection of biological material (July of the current year). The method of principal components reduces hydrometeorological indicators and determines the factors that make the greatest contribution to weather variability in the periods under study. The absolute values of these factors are converted into points on the basis of a five-point scale for the correspondence of weather factors to the climatic norm and the optimal values of the HTC. Based on the average score for each year, the degree of favorable weather for a particular biological object is determined. The paper contains an example of a technology for calculating the integral indicator of favorable weather for silver birch (Betula pendula Roth), growing in six localities of the Tagil zone of the Middle Urals, in which the variability of leaf morphological features was studied in the period from 2016 to 2019. On the example of the Betula pendula leaf blade shape index, a statistically significant dependence of this feature on the integral indicator of the degree of favorable weather is shown.
The influence of the nutrient medium on the morphological features and cell viability of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris Beijer
Authors: Zaitsev Vladimir Vladimirovich , Petryakov Vladislav Vyacheslavovich , Zaitseva Lilia Mikhailovna , Makhimova Zhanylsyn Nurlanovna
Published: August 2022

This paper discusses morphological features and the nature of the viability of the cell groups of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris Beijer., growing in an artificial nutrient medium. It has been found that in the morphological aspect, the microalgae have a unicellular cell structure of rounded or ellipsoidal shapes with a diameter of cell structures from 2 to 10 microns. The structure of the chlorella cell is represented as a thin shell, in the cytoplasm of which the nucleus with a decorated chloroplast is immersed. The optimal parameters for the intensive growth of chlorella microalgae were temperature values in the range of +27+29C. In such temperature values, chlorella microalgae showed the best results in terms of cell growth rate and in the values of its viability index. At the same time, the culture of chlorella cells, having the ability to outstrip cell growth, is able to maintain its systematic variety for a long time. In addition, it has been found that chlorella cells have a pronounced phototropism, expressed in responses to a light pulse and the ability to purposefully move towards it in the form of phototaxis. Further observations showed that the majority of chlorella cells in the visible field of micrometry were about 46 microns in size with an average quantitative content of about 4,5 million microalgae cell structures in one milliliter of nutrient (culture) medium. The indicator of the optical density of the studied chlorella cell culture after 14 days of growth in the nutrient medium increased by the end of observations by a little more than 2 times, which indicates a sufficiently high value of the viability of the cell structures of the Chlorella vulgaris Beijer. microalgae culture.
The assessment of the level of environmental pollution at the solid waste landfill of KazEcoProm LLP (Pavlodar, Republic of Kazakhstan)
Authors: Kaliyeva Ainagul Balgauovna , Kabdolla Madiana Orazbaykyzy , Sergazinova Zarina Mukhtarovna , Toleuzhanova Aliya Toleuzhanovna , Taskarin Almaz Kairgeldyevich
Published: August 2022

This paper presents a study of the impact of the KazEcoProm LLP landfill located in the north-east of Kazakhstan (Pavlodar) on groundwater, soil and atmospheric air. Sampling for each environmental component was carried out once per quarter at the landfill site. The amount of pollutants in the components of the environment was determined in a specialized accredited laboratory of KazPII KazakhstanProject LLP. The level of pollution of environmental components by harmful substances of wastes was assessed by the ratio of the total indicator of pollutants for each component to the maximum permissible concentration on the border of the sanitary-protection zone of the landfill. No exceedances of the maximum permissible concentrations were detected. Thus, the conducted investigations have showed that the level of environmental pollution on the territory of the landfill is assessed as permissible. However, further monitoring of the negative impact of the landfill on the environment is required. The received data can be used to estimate a level of environmental pollution and determine an observance of norms and rules of storage and gathering of wastes on a landfill.
Ecological and coenotic groups of Southern Trans-Urals vascular plants flora and biotopes phytoindication
Authors: Nazarenko Nazar Nikolayevich , Pokhlebayev Sergey Mikhailovich , Malaev Aleksandr Vladimirovich , Deryagin Vladimir Vladislavovich , Anukhina Anastasia Vitalyevna
Published: August 2022

The expert and statistical assessment of ecological and coenotic groups of Southern Trans-Urals vascular plants flora has been done for A.L. Belgards coenomorphs scheme and scheme of vascular plants flora of temperate forest zone of European Russia. Both suggested schemes of groups give adequate and similar assessment of biotopes. The proposed groups of vascular plants flora are identified in phytometer scales space definitely and can be used for regional assessment of biotopes. The best assessment of ecological flora of region is realized by combined coenomorphs and coenotic group schemes approach at the same time. The authors have established regimes of principal ecological factors that identified differentiation flora by coenotic groups and ultimate for specific groups forming in Southern Trans-Urals habitats. Sylvant coenomorph has been formed by boreal (acidic soils phytometers) and nemoral sciophytes and heliosciophytes, moreover a nemoral group must be understood as a group of shady forests on rich soils. The sylvant pine forest group is heterogeneous and not coenoticaly specific. The steppe coenotic group has been formed of obligate and facultative heliophytes of mostly dry biotopes, pratal coenomorph is heterogeneous and not coenoticaly specific and made up of humidity-meadow flora, dry-meadow coenotic group is not specific. For Southern Trans-Urals region it is recommended to use unite paludal coenomorphs but with a separation of coenotic group of oligotrophic bogs. The separation of ruderal coenomorph (phytometers of dry-meadow moistening and rich of nitrogen soils) is confirmed statistically. The authors have established regimes of principal ecological factors for stenotopic ecological and coenotic groups of Southern Trans-Urals region. For coenotic groups of Southern Trans-Urals region the authors have identified biotopical centres and biotopic and coenotic series which are associated with moistening, aeration and saline soil conditions and brightness regime.
The evaluation of the effectiveness of various agricultural products on the sunflower productivity in the Central Black Earth region
Authors: Piskareva Lyudmila Aleksandrovna , Cheverdin Aleksandr Yurievich , Bocharnikova Irina Ivanovna
Published: August 2022

This paper discusses the establishment of the biological effectiveness of agricultural products used for sunflower of domestic varieties and foreign hybrids. The scheme of the experiment presented in 20192021 provided for the inclusion in the technology of cultivation of two non-root subcortures of plants with agro-products of various spectrum of action. The paper identifies the most effective agricultural products for their targeted inclusion in the cultivation technologies of specific varieties and hybrids of the sunflower. The most acceptable hybrids of sunflower for cultivation in the Voronezh Region have been selected. Experimental studies were carried out during a three-factor stationary experiment in the field of the Voronezh Federal Agrarian Research Center named after V.V. Dokuchaev. The conducted studies have shown that the Voronezh variety 638 is significantly inferior in its productivity to the hybrids of foreign selection of the Limagrain company (LG5478, LG50270, LG5377). The effectiveness of various agricultural products when used in the cultivation technology of sunflower varieties and hybrids was not the same. Polydon Amino Mix proved to be the best product. The increase in yield from double application with foliar top dressing was 0,80 t/ha. Agro-products Aquadon-Micro (0,58 t/ha) and ZSS (ZSB) 0,41 t/ha were somewhat inferior to Polydon Amino Mix in their effectiveness. The most responsive to agricultural products were hybrids LG5478 and P64LL125.
Some features of small mammalian’s ectoparasite communities formation in the mixed forests of the Nizhny Novgorod Region
Authors: Fadeeva Galina Anatolievna , Boryakova Elena Evgenievna
Published: August 2022

The paper deals with some features of small mammalians ectoparasite communities formation in the mixed forests of the Nizhny Novgorod Region. It has been shown that on rodents and insectivores in the mixed forests and in the ecotone community from forest to agrocoenosis typical ectoparasite communities are observed. Only rare species demonstrate specificity in the choice of hosts. Two species of rodents Myodes glareolus and Apodemus flavicollis, being typically forest species, are characterized by the highest biodiversity of ectoparasites and high rates of their abundance. The presence of the same species of ectoparasites on the different species of small mammals indicates possible contacts between rodents and insectivores in the ecosystem and exchange of parasites. Using the method of principal components (PCA), the factors influencing parasite community have been identified. It has been shown that out of 10 factors influencing the small mammalian ectoparasites community, 5 are the most significant. Many factors influence the communities of ectoparasites of small mammals. The degree of that effect depends on different mammalian and mites biology. Factors regulate the number of parasite populations, and as a result, stable communities functioning for a long time are formed. Parasites, not showing specificity in the choice of hosts during interspecific contacts of animals in biocoenoses, spread from forest habitats to neighboring territories.
A comparative analysis of stray dogs color in Yakutsk
Authors: Yakovleva Maria Leonidovna , Shadrina Elena Georgievna
Published: August 2022

In this study we consider the frequency of coat color variation among Yakutsk stray dogs. The study was carried out at the same time in three city districts: Centralniy, Saysarskiy and Stroitelniy. The districts differ in urban development and population density of stray dogs. The Stroitelniy and Saysarskiy Districts belong to a one-two-storey residential type of the building, the Centralniy one to a multi-storey residential type. 8 types of colors were distinguished: black, white, red, wolf-gray (agouti), yellow with a mask, black-backed, white large-spotted and black with white spots. The analysis of the morphs was carried out in percent, as well as Zhivotovskys indications: the average number of morphs (), proportion of rare phens (h), phonetic similarity of groups (r). The most frequent is a black-backed color 21,42% (95% confidence interval: 17,3326,92). The wolf-gray type of color 18,56% (CI: 14,0025,00) and the black with white spots type 15,62% (CI: 11,5420,00) are also very frequent. The white large-spotted color (4,62% CI: 3,336,67) is the least frequent among the selected types. It is proved that the population of stray dogs in Yakutsk is quite homogeneous. One-to-one comparison of stray dog groups from different districts of Yakutsk showed that the groups from the Centralniy and Stroitelniy Districts turned out to be the closest (r = 0,972 0,024). The lowest connection between dogs groups were observed in the Saysarskiy and Stroitelniy Districts (r = 0,933 0,029). The collation of the Centralniy and Saysarskiy Districts also revealed an analogy between these groups of stray dogs (r = 0,956 0,034). Therefore, the morphotype of stray dogs in Yakutsk is formed mainly without any human influence, mostly have a random pattern. Conditions of life can impact to the selection; as a result the most accommodated individuals survive on the street in the region with a severe climate.
New data on the absolute age of the Eneolithic complexes of the forest-steppe Volga region
Authors: Korolev Arkady Ivanovich , Kulkova Marianna Alekseevna , Shalapinin Anton Aleksandrovich
Published: August 2022

The paper is devoted to the publication of a series of radiocarbon dates obtained for the Eneolithic complexes of the forest-steppe Volga region. The paper provides a description of the dated samples, the context of their finding and cultural attribution. The materials from the Bolshaya Rakovka II site, the Lebyazhinka VI settlement and from the Maksimovka I burial ground were subjected to radiocarbon dating. In total, thirteen radiocarbon dates were obtained; they belong to various Eneolithic cultural-chronological groups, namely, the complexes of the Samara culture, Lebyazhinsky, Alekseevsky, Chekala types, ceramics with an inner edge. The new dates do not go beyond the previously defined chronological framework of the Eneolithic of the forest-steppe Volga region, however, they make it possible to correct the existing ideas about the time of existence of individual ceramic and economic complexes of this region. The most representative series of radiocarbon dates was obtained for ceramics of the Chekala type from the Bolshaya Rakovka II site. New data on the absolute chronology of materials of this type make the time of existence of these complexes somewhat older. The ⁴C determinations for ceramics with an inner edge from the settlement of Lebyazhinka VI turned out to be somewhat older than the existing dates. For ceramics of the Samara culture, Lebyazhinsky and Alekseevsky types, one radiocarbon date was obtained.
Equestrian cohors amicorum in the system of social ties in the early Roman Empire
Authors: Telepen Sergey Valeryevich
Published: August 2022

The paper analyzes cohors amicorum (cohort of friends) as one of the institutions of social organization and political system of the early Roman Empire. Based on the study of mainly literary sources, the origin of this institution and its role in strengthening the social positions of the equites, that is, Roman horsemanship, are investigated. The ambiguity of the concept of cohors amicorum is argued, which is considered in connection with the analysis of such concepts as amici (friends) and comites (companions) of the princeps, as well as amicitia (friendship) in their specific Roman sense. The paper substantiates a largely informal nature of the cohors amicorum, which was determined by a specific system of social ties during the period of the Principate. This system did not imply the formalization of all forms of social life, as it was based on polis traditions. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that in the early Roman Empire, clans and groups formed, only partially formalized, where complex relations intersected, not reducible to their official forms. The principle of personal and moral (in the Roman sense) responsibility determined the fulfillment by all parties of amicitia of traditional duties, in connection with which the members of the cohors amicorum had the opportunity to strengthen their social status, which during the period of the Principate was most relevant for the equites, who gradually became the main personnel resource of the princeps.
The history of the study of bacteriophages by the Soviet microbiologist Zinaida Vissarionovna Ermolyeva in the 1930s
Authors: Gorshenin Aleksandr Vladimirovich
Published: August 2022

2022 marks the 130th anniversary of the discovery of the first virus. It was the tobacco mosaic virus, which was described by the Russian botanist D.I. Ivanovsky in 1892. Following the discovery of the plant virus, animal and human viruses were discovered. A little more than two decades later, after the publications of D.I. Ivanovsky, bacterial viruses called bacteriophages were discovered and described. The doctrine of the bacteriophage, which first appeared as a particular problem of microbiology, after several decades acquired great importance in the study of the most important issues of biology and medicine. In recent years, the interest of various specialists in bacterial viruses has not just not weakened, but is gaining strength. In this regard, in our opinion, it is important to turn to the historical analysis of the first decades in the study of bacteriophages. In the USSR one of the prominent scientists involved in this topic in the 1930s was microbiologist Zinaida Vissarionovna Ermolyeva (18981974). Based on the material of scientific works on biology and medicine published during the period under review, involving documents from the State Archive of the Russian Federation and the Russian State Archive of Economics, in this publication we analyze the participation of Z.V. Ermolyeva and her laboratory staff in studying the phenomenon of bacteriophagy, conducting clinical trials and establishing the production of various drugs based on phages. Attention is also paid to Zinaida Vissarionovnas speeches at major scientific forums of the 1930s with reports on the results of the study of bacteriophages.
Problems of historical research methodology in G.S. Fridlyand’s publications
Authors: Mochalov Dmitrii Petrovich
Published: August 2022

The purpose of the paper is to consider methodological issues in the works of the Soviet historian Grigoriy Samoylovich Fridlyand. Based on the material of his journal publications, a number of topics are traced that represent an original development of the provisions of historical materialism in relation to historical science and specific problems of historical research. The influence that participation in philosophical discussions of the 1920s could have on G.S. Fridlyands conclusions is indicated. The author traces Fridlyands attitude to the problems of the categorical apparatus, the theory of socio-economic formations, the question of the role of personality in history and the influence of the researchers methodology on determining the range of historical sources involved. In all the questions raised, both the concretization of the general provisions of the materialist understanding of history, characteristic of that time, and the entry into new frontiers, which represent an original attempt to develop Marxist constructions, are demonstrated. Special attention is paid to the prognostic elements of Fridlyands constructions, in which he foresaw the future vector of the development of historical science. The conclusion is made about the need to study the formation of the Soviet methodology of history as an important stage in the development of historical science in our country and overcoming nihilism towards it, formed by the historiographical situation of the perestroika period.