bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formation of guava seedlings under salt stress and foliar application of hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Silva Saulo S. da , Lima Geovani S. de , Ferreira Jean T. A. , Soares Lauriane A. dos A. , Gheyi Hans R. , Nobre Reginaldo G. , Silva Fellype J. L. da , Mesquita Evandro F. de
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT The occurrence of water with high concentrations of salts hinders the expansion of irrigated agriculture in the semi-arid region of the Brazilian Northeast, making it necessary to adopt strategies capable of minimizing the effects of salt stress on plants. In this context, the objective of present study was to evaluate the effects of hydrogen peroxide application on water relations, gas exchange, photosynthetic pigments, and growth of guava cv. Paluma under irrigation with saline waters in the seedling formation stage. A randomized block design was used, in a 5 × 4 factorial scheme, with three replicates, with five levels of electrical conductivity of water - ECw (0.3, 1.3, 2.3, 3.3, and 4.3 dS m-1) and four concentrations of hydrogen peroxide - H2O2 (0, 25, 50, and 75 µM). Irrigation water salinity above 0.3 dS m-1 increased electrolyte leakage in the leaf blade and reduced the relative water content, synthesis of photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange, and growth of seedlings of guava cv. Paluma, at 80 days after sowing. Foliar application of hydrogen peroxide at concentrations of up to 75 µM reduces the relative water content in the leaf blade of guava seedlings and did not mitigate the effects of salt stress on guava plants in the seedling formation stage.
Sectoral analysis of the impact of IFRS 16 and COVID-19 on the indicators of Brazilian lessees
Authors: Cardoso Vanessa Rodrigues dos Santos , Britto Paulo Augusto Pettenuzzo de
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT The objective of this article was to analyze the impact of International Financial Reporting Standard 16 (IFRS 16) and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the indicators of Brazilian lessee companies, segregated by economic sector. The effects of IFRS 16 after its entry into force and of COVID-19 simultaneously with the concession of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) on the indicators of lessee companies, segregated by Brazilian economic sectors, were not yet known. The study contributes to the literature by providing evidence on the consequences of the accounting standard setters’ decisions, as well as the COVID-19 pandemic, on the indicators of different economic sectors. The study helps both preparers and regulators to understand the impact of the accounting standardization and COVID-19 on the indicators of lessee companies according to economic activity. For investors, it shows the importance of anticipating the impact of the standards on their decision making. A comparative analysis of the indicators before and after the adoption of the new standard and the pandemic was carried out, as well as a statistical relevance analysis for the indicators of public companies, by economic sector and using the difference in differences method and multiple linear regression with panel data, for the period from 2010 to 2020. The study showed that the impact of IFRS 16 on the indicators was differentiated by sector, with healthcare, oil, gas, and biofuels, and cyclical consumption being the most affected. The standard was not relevant to the value of most sectors, with the exception of healthcare and non-cyclical consumption, showing that investors were positively surprised by the adoption of IFRS 16 by these sectors. The effect of COVID-19, combined with the IASB’s concession to lessees, was positive for profitability and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA) in the healthcare sector, but did not reverse the deterioration in leverage and profitability of the industrial goods sector and the lessees as a whole and the profitability of the cyclical consumption sector, highlighting the partial effectiveness of the measure.
Tax installment plans as a determinant of tax aggressiveness in Brazilian listed companies
Authors: Marinho Ludimila Lopes da Silva , Machado Lúcio de Souza
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT The aim of this article was to study the impact of tax installment plans on the tax aggressiveness of Brazilian listed companies. Despite the relevance and timeliness of the topic, there are no studies that examine the use of special tax installment plans as a determinant of the tax aggressiveness of Brazilian listed companies. Tax installment plans have been used repeatedly by Brazilian companies and the number of adherents has grown significantly over time, where this resource can be understood by companies from the perspectives of tax regularization and tax savings. The research contributes to the scientific knowledge on the subject by providing evidence on the determinants of tax aggressiveness, and it is believed that the government can use the results to improve the offer of tax installment plans and the understanding of tax legislation, such as through the development of restrictions on access to installment plans, by allocating them to companies in real financial difficulties, as well as through improvements in its inspection process, considering that companies that pay taxes in installments are more tax aggressive. The data were obtained from explanatory notes, through the Ministry of the Economy’s access to information service, and from the Economatica® database. The Special Tax Regularization Program (PERT) 2017 was used as a reference for tax installment plans, and tax aggressiveness was measured using the effective tax rate (ETR), ETR Cash, and book tax difference (BTD). The period analyzed is from 2017 to 2020, and the statistical method applied was multiple linear regression for panel data with random effects. The results show that companies that choose to pay their taxes in installments tend to take a more aggressive tax position. The evidence contributes to extending the theory of the determinants of tax aggressiveness and can help the government in its inspections and in improving tax installment offers and tax benefits.
Parcelamento tributário como determinante da agressividade fiscal em empresas brasileiras abertas
Authors: Marinho Ludimila Lopes da Silva , Machado Lúcio de Souza
Published: January 2024

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo foi verificar a influência do parcelamento tributário na agressividade fiscal de empresas brasileiras abertas. Apesar da relevância e atualidade do tema, não há estudos que tratam do uso do parcelamento tributário especial como determinante da agressividade fiscal de empresas brasileiras abertas. O parcelamento tributário tem sido utilizado de forma recorrente pelas empresas brasileiras e o número de adesões tem crescido significativamente ao longo do tempo, quando esse recurso pode ser compreendido pelas empresas sob as perspectivas de regularização fiscal e economia tributária. A pesquisa contribui para o conhecimento científico da temática ao disponibilizar evidências a respeito dos determinantes da agressividade fiscal, e acredita-se que o governo possa fazer uso dos resultados para aprimorar as ofertas de parcelamentos tributários e melhorias de entendimento na legislação tributária, como elaboração de restrições para acesso aos parcelamentos, ao destiná-los para empresas com reais dificuldades financeiras, assim como aperfeiçoamento de seu processo de fiscalização, considerando que as empresas que parcelam tributos são mais agressivas tributariamente. Os dados foram obtidos em notas explicativas, por meio do serviço de acesso à informação do Ministério da Economia e no banco de dados Economatica®. Utilizou-se do Programa Especial de Regularização Tributária (PERT) 2017 como referência ao parcelamento tributário, e a agressividade fiscal foi mensurada por meio da effective tax rate (ETR), ETR Cash e book tax difference (BTD). O período analisado refere-se a 2017 a 2020 e o método estatístico aplicado foi a regressão linear múltipla para dados em painel com efeitos aleatórios. Os resultados revelam que empresas que optam por parcelar seus tributos tendem a assumir uma posição mais agressiva tributariamente. As evidências contribuem para expansão da teoria de determinantes da agressividade fiscal e podem auxiliar o governo em suas fiscalizações e aprimoramento de ofertas de parcelamentos tributários e benefícios fiscais.
PERFIL RACIAL DOCENTE E A EDUCAÇÃO PARA RELAÇÕES ÉTNICO-RACIAIS
Authors: Luz Fabiana Cristina da
Published: January 2024

Resumo Este artigo busca compreender se a presença de profissionais negras/os influencia na abordagem racial presente no projeto político pedagógico e nos planos de ensino de quatro escolas do município de São Paulo, sendo as duas com maior percentual de professoras/es brancas/os e as duas com maior percentual de professoras/es negras/os. Assim, por meio dos dados analisados, foi possível constatar que: (i) de maneira geral os documentos pedagógicos ainda não reconhecem a importância estrutural da questão racial; (ii) a presença de docentes negras/os pouco impacta a incorporação da temática nos projetos políticos pedagógicos; e (iii) o ensino da história e cultura afro-brasileira e africana tem sido realizado por um grupo minoritário de docentes.
BARREIRAS E SUPORTES NA CARREIRA ACADÊMICA EM MATEMÁTICA: UMA QUESTÃO DE GÊNERO?
Authors: Oliveira Daniele Aparecida de , Cavalari Mariana Feiteiro
Published: January 2024

Resumo Este trabalho objetivou identificar fatores que graduandos e pós-graduandos percebem como barreiras ou suportes na carreira acadêmica em matemática e analisar suas relações com o gênero dos estudantes. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados questionários e entrevistas com acadêmicos de duas instituições brasileiras. Os dados foram analisados com base em âmbitos citados na literatura, a saber: interno/individual; social; parental/familiar; institucional/escolar; ambiental; e financeiro. Os estudantes citaram percepções de mais suportes que barreiras ao longo das trajetórias, e entende- -se que as barreiras podem afetar principalmente as estudantes. Foram identificadas inter-relações entre os âmbitos investigados e a forte influência de fatores sociais em todos eles.
RECUPERAÇÃO PARALELA: REPERCUSSÕES NA PERMANÊNCIA ESCOLAR E NA APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Novaes Gláucia Torres Franco , Bauer Adriana , Barretto Elba Siqueira de Sá , Lombardi Maria Rosa
Published: January 2024

Resumo O artigo apresenta os principais resultados de pesquisa sobre projeto de recuperação paralela no ensino fundamental, realizada em parceria com a Secretaria Municipal de Educação (SME) de São Paulo entre 2018 e 2020, por meio da plataforma Pátio Digital. Analisam-se dados primários e secundários com o objetivo de caracterizar as unidades escolares, os coordenadores pedagógicos, professores de apoio pedagógico e estudantes envolvidos, bem como entender o desenvolvimento do programa e fornecer subsídios para aprimorá-lo. Os resultados revelam uma relação positiva entre aprovação e recuperação de aprendizagens e entre reforço escolar e aumento da proficiência dos estudantes. O presente estudo confirma em larga escala tendências apontadas por outros estudos, tais como a maior participação de estudantes do sexo masculino, negros e mais pobres nas turmas de recuperação, e indica a necessidade de a SME prestar maior apoio às escolas e seus profissionais.
DESAFIOS À ADAPTAÇÃO AO ENSINO SUPERIOR EM GRADUANDOS DE ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Nery Thayná Bragagnollo , Rossato Lucas , Scorsolini-Comin Fabio
Published: January 2024

RESUMO A transição para o Ensino Superior envolve expressivas mudanças. Este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer os principais desafios relatados por alunos ingressantes do primeiro ano de um curso de Bacharelado e Licenciatura em Enfermagem de uma Universidade pública. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada com 78 estudantes que participaram de dois grupos reflexão, um com ingressantes em 2018 (n=38) e outro em 2019 (n=40). Esses encontros foram audiogravados, transcritos e submetidos à análise de conteúdo temática. Os temas emergentes referem-se ao suporte social, à saúde mental e à elevada carga horária no curso. Os alunos veteranos podem compor uma significativa rede de apoio pelo fato de terem passado por situações semelhantes. Sugere-se que os desafios narrados em grupo possam ser apreciados coletivamente, evitando uma posição de culpabilização individual. Recomenda-se que a transição para o Ensino Superior possa ser refletida pela gestão universitária, disparando políticas mais inclusivas e acolhedoras voltadas a esse público.
CHALLENGES TO THE ADAPTATION TO HIGHER EDUCATION IN NURSING UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS
Authors: Nery Thayná Bragagnollo , Rossato Lucas , Scorsolini-Comin Fabio
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT The transition to Higher Education involves significant changes. This study aimed to understand the main challenges reported by students entering the first year of a Bachelor’s and Licentiate in Nursing course at a public university. This is a qualitative research carried out with 78 students who participated in two de reflexão groups, one with freshmen in 2018 (n=38) and another in 2019 (n=40). These meetings were audio-recorded, transcribed and subjected to thematic content analysis. Emerging themes refer to social support, mental health and the high course load. Veteran students can form a significant support network because they have been through similar situations. It is suggested that the challenges narrated in a group can be appreciated collectively, avoiding a position of individual blame. It is recommended that the transition to Higher Education can be reflected by university management, triggering more inclusive and welcoming policies aimed at this public.
EVASÃO ESCOLAR OU EXPULSÃO: POR QUE ALUNAS-MÃES ABANDONAM A ESCOLA?
Authors: Ratusniak Célia , Silva Carla Clauber da
Published: January 2024

RESUMO Este artigo problematiza os efeitos da judicialização da evasão escolar na vida de alunas-mães citadas nos processos judiciais por abandono intelectual, instaurados em uma comarca do sul do Paraná, em 2018. Utiliza como aporte teórico os estudos foucaultianos, de desigualdade de gênero e raça. As fontes de dados são o Questionário Evasão Escolar e dados dos históricos escolares e das matrículas, empreendendo uma análise interseccional dos marcadores sociais raça e gênero. Os resultados encontrados indicam um percurso de reprovações e desistências anteriores à maternidade e à judicialização da evasão escolar, escondendo um longo processo de fracasso escolar, que resultou na expulsão. Os processos judiciais reforçam os deslocamentos das biopolíticas para as alunas grávidas e com filhos/as, produzindo a desigualdade de gênero e raça no espaço escolar, e evidenciam a fragilidade das políticas públicas que garantam, de fato, o direito à educação para as alunas-mães.
STUDENTS WHO USE DRUGS: WHAT TEACHERS THINK AND HOW THEY HANDLE THE SITUATION
Authors: Cavalcanti Lara Patrícia de Lima , Oliveira Flávia Mazitelli de , Fonseca Rafaela Maria Alves Martins , Gallassi Andrea Donatti
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT In order to describe and analyze teachers’ perceptions and attitudes regarding the use of alcohol/drugs (AD) by High School students from public schools in Águas Lindas-GO/Brazil, this mixed study was carried out in 11 schools, with 91 teachers, using a sociodemographic questionnaire, a semi-structured interview about the perception of AD use by students, and questions about the judgment of those who use it. Most (57%) were male, average age 37.2 years; most participants believed that students who use AD are morally weak (51%), a danger to society (47%), and may commit crimes in their own families (98%); on the other hand, they consider them as important as anyone else (98%). They claim that they do not feel qualified to address the DA theme, nor to deal with students who use it. The study reveals and reinforces that health education should form part of teacher training for a preventive and welcoming approach.
ESTUDANTES QUE USAM DROGAS: COMO PROFESSORES LIDAM E PENSAM SOBRE ELES
Authors: Cavalcanti Lara Patrícia de Lima , Oliveira Flávia Mazitelli de , Fonseca Rafaela Maria Alves Martins , Gallassi Andrea Donatti
Published: January 2024

RESUMO Descrever e analisar percepções e atitudes de professores quanto ao uso de álcool/drogas (AD) por estudantes do Ensino Médio de escolas públicas de Águas Lindas-GO/Brasil. Estudo misto realizado em 11 escolas, com 91 professores, por meio de questionário sociodemográfico, entrevista semiestruturada sobre a percepção em relação ao uso de AD por estudantes, e questões sobre o julgamento daqueles que fazem uso. A maioria (57%) era do sexo masculino, idade média 37,2 anos; acredita que alunos que fazem uso de AD são moralmente fracos (51%), um perigo para a sociedade (47%) e podem cometer delitos na própria família (98%); em contrapartida os consideram tão importantes quanto qualquer outra pessoa (98%). Afirmam que não se sentem capacitados para abordar o tema AD, tampouco para lidar com alunos que usam. O estudo revela e reforça que a educação em saúde deveria compor a formação dos professores para uma abordagem preventiva e de acolhimento.
In-vitro effect of a single application of CPP-ACP pastes and different fluoridated solutions on the prevention of dental caries around orthodontic brackets
Authors: LEITE Karla Lorene de França , MARTINS Mariana Leonel , MONTEIRO Amanda Souza Nunes , VIEIRA Thiago Isidro , ALEXANDRIA Adílis Kalina , ROCHA Gustavo Miranda , FONSECA-GONÇALVES Andréa , PITHON Matheus Melo , CAVALCANTI Yuri Wanderley , MAIA Lucianne Cople
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the in-vitro effect of single applications of CPP-ACP pastes and different fluoridated solutions on the prevention of dental caries around orthodontic brackets. Material and Methods: Tooth/bracket sets (n=65) were immersed in artificial saliva (1h at 37ºC) and randomly subjected to single applications (100µL; 1min) of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP emulsion), CPP-ACP with fluoride (CPP-ACPF emulsion), solutions of titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) or sodium fluoride (NaF), or no treatment (CG). Multispecies biofilm (5 x 105 CFU/mL) was formed in the presence of 2% sucrose. After 24 h, the pH and the concentration of total soluble fluoride (TSF) were analyzed by culture medium. The presence of active white spot lesions (WSL) evaluated by macroscopic examination and the percent surface mineral loss (%SML) were analyzed. Also, the topography of enamel was detected by analysis of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The data was assessed by chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney tests (p < 0.05). Results: Fluoride-containing compounds led to a smaller pH reduction than did CPP-ACP and CG (p<0.05). There was difference in TSF between the groups (p<0.05), denoted as TiF4> NaF > CPP-ACPF > CPP-ACP > CG. Regarding the presence of WSL and %SML, the NaF group obtained lower values (p<0.05), while TiF4 and CPP-ACPF were similar (p>0.05). SEM demonstrated that fluoride-free groups had a larger surface dissolution. Conclusion: Fluoridated groups including solutions and CPP-ACPF were more effective than CPP-ACP in reducing enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets after a single application.
Dentoalveolar effects of skeletally anchored extrusion arch in anterior open bite patients: A prospective clinical trial
Authors: ELSHAL Noheir Samir , MOHAMMAD Mohammad Hasan , TAWFIK Marwa Ali , FOUDA Maher Abd El-Salam
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this prospective clinical trial was to explore the dental and soft tissue changes accompanying the use of skeletally anchored nickel-titanium (NiTi) extrusion arch in the correction of anterior open bite (AOB). Material and Methods: Twenty female patients with a mean age of 16.5 ± 1.5 years and a mean dentoalveolar AOB of 2.38±0.7 mm participated in this study. All patients were treated with an maxillary 0.017×0.025-in NiTi extrusion arch, with the aid of miniscrews inserted between the maxillary second premolars and first molars bilaterally, to act as indirect anchorage. Three-dimensional digital models and lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken just before the insertion of the extrusion arch (T0) and after 10 months (T1). Paired-sample t-tests were used in analyzing the data, to evaluate the changes after treatment (T1-T0). A significance level of p < 0.05 was used. Results: AOB was successfully closed in all patients, with a 4.35 ± 0.61 mm increase in the overbite. Maxillary incisors significantly extruded (2.52 ± 1.02 mm) and significantly reclined (5.78 ± 0.77°), with a resultant decrease in the overjet of 1.58 ± 0.5mm. A significant intrusion of maxillary first molars with no change in their inclination was observed. The upper lip showed a significant retraction tendency to the E-plane, and a significant increase in the nasolabial angle was observed. Conclusion: The skeletally anchored NiTi extrusion arch was an effective technique in treating AOB, with no adverse effects on the molars.
Uso de agrotóxicos e mortes por câncer no estado do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Farias Roberto Nascimento de , Thaler Sílvia Medeiros
Published: January 2024

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar as regiões de saúde do estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS) quanto ao uso de agrotóxicos e à mortalidade por câncer de próstata, linfoma não Hodgkin (LNH) e leucemias. Para cada região de saúde foram estimados o volume total de agrotóxicos utilizado, o volume usado por área plantada, a proporção de lavouras com uso, a proporção de agricultura familiar e o grau de desigualdade na distribuição das terras. A mortalidade pelos três tipos de câncer foi descrita com base na mortalidade proporcional e na taxa de mortalidade ajustada por idade. A associação entre as variáveis foi estimada pelo coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. A mortalidade por câncer de próstata mostrou-se relacionada à produção agrícola intensa, utilização de elevado volume de agrotóxicos e menor proporção de agricultura familiar. Já a mortalidade por linfoma não Hodgkin e leucemias esteve associada positivamente à proporção de agricultura familiar. Mortalidade proporcional e taxa de mortalidade ajustada por idade mostraram-se positivamente correlacionadas para os três tipos de câncer. Este estudo demonstrou que, nas regiões de saúde do RS, a mortalidade pelos três tipos de câncer investigados está vinculada, em diferentes intensidades, ao uso de agrotóxicos e a características da agricultura praticada.
MRI MORPHOMETRY OF LUMBAR DISCS AND VERTEBRAL BODIES IN CORRELATION WITH SERUM VITAMIN D LEVEL
Authors: MISHRA AAYUSHI , BAGRI NEHA , CHANDRA RANJAN , MISRA RITU , MALIK AMITA
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT Introduction: The knowledge of the intervertebral disc morphology and its relation with the vertebrae is vital for managing degenerative spine disease. It is imperative to study the role of preventable and treatable causes, such as Vitamin D deficiency, so that standard guidelines can be framed for apt management. Objective: To evaluate the correlation between serum vitamin D levels and MRI morphometry of lumbar intervertebral discs. Methods: A total of 100 subjects (20-40 years) underwent an MRI of the lumbosacral spine. Intervertebral disc and vertebral body heights were measured, and disc degenerative changes were noted. Serum vitamin D levels were correlated with disc changes using the Pearson/Spearman rank correlation coefficient. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Vitamin D deficiency showed a high prevalence in patients with disc degenerative diseases, even in young adults and females with more severe vitamin D deficiency than males (p-value < 0.001). However, a significant relationship between vitamin D levels and disc or vertebral body heights could not be established. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is more prevalent in patients with disc degenerative changes; however, its effect on disc and vertebral body heights needs to be extrapolated further in larger studies. Level of Evidence I; Cross-Sectional, Observational Study.
Phytoplankton community diversity, dominance, and rarity: a case study of tropical urban lakes
Authors: Martins Marlon Pablo Miranda , Soares Khályta Willy da Silva , Carvalho Priscilla de , Bortolini Jascieli Carla
Published: January 2024

Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate how phytoplankton community diversity, dominance, and rarity are influenced by different local environmental conditions in urban lakes. We expect that richness will be negatively influenced in lakes with higher nutrient concentrations and high turbidity, while abundance will be positively influenced. Thus, lakes with these conditions will have greater dominance of a few species and lower rarity, and the opposite in lakes with lower nutrient concentrations and less turbidity. Methods Phytoplankton and abiotic variables samples were collected in fourteen lakes distributed in the municipality of Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil, during a rainy period. Results It was possible to identify an environmental heterogeneity among the lakes. We identified a separation of the lakes according to phytoplankton richness and density, especially due to the contribution of green algae, desmids, and cyanobacteria. Most lakes showed high diversity and evenness values, with a predominance of rare taxa and few dominant species. The main variables associated with phytoplankton were water temperature, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and nutrient concentrations. Conclusions Therefore, the study of species diversity, dominance, and rarity based on phytoplankton richness and abundance and their relationship with different local environmental conditions can be an important model for assessing water quality in urban lakes.
Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) species on the herbaceous host plants in the Tekirdağ Province (Türkiye)
Authors: TAYAT Esra , ÖZDER Nihal
Published: January 2024

This research was conducted between 2018 and 2020 in Tekirdağ province and its districts in Türkiye, aiming to identify species of aphids belonging to the Aphididae family on the herbaceous plants in non-agricultural and agricultural fields, urban parks, gardens, and roadsides. The morphological diagnoses of aphids were performed, and based on that, the species from the subfamilies of the Aphididae family belonging to the Hemiptera order, namely Aphidinae, Eriosomatinae, Lachninae, and Chaitophorinae, were identified. Echinophora tenuifolia (L.) and Cachyrs sp. (L.) (Apiaceae) for Anuraphis cachyros (Barbagallo & Stroyan, 1982), Malva neglecta (Wallr.) (Malvaceae) for Aphis (Aphis) nasturtii (Kaltenbach, 1843), Cichorium intybus (L.) (Asteraceae) for Hyperomyzus (Hyperomyzus) lactucae (L., 1758) Achillea sp. (L.) (Asteraceae) for Macrosiphoniella (Macrosiphoniella) tanecetaria (Kaltenbach, 1843), Amaranthus retroflexus (L.) (Amaranthaceae) for Macrosiphum (Macrosiphum) euphorbiae (Thomas, 1878) and Slybum marianum (L.) (Asteraceae) for Uroleucon (Uromelan) aeneum (Hille Ris Lambers, 1939) have been identified as new host plants in Türkiye.
Optimization of a drink with cacao Theobroma cacao L. CCN51 exudate and lactic serum using surface response
Authors: Rivera-Rojas H. , Tafur-Pereda H. , Pisco-Caldas J. , Crispín Sánchez Fredy , Porturas Olaechea Raúl
Published: January 2024

The aim of this research was to characterize rheologically a drink formulated and elaborated with exudate of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) CCN51 and lactic serum. The formulation was optimized using the response surface methodology for the attributes color, smell, taste and acceptability; subsequently, a multiple surface analysis was performed to determine the global optimal parameters by means of the desirability function. The results ensure that the proportion exudate and lactic serum should be 40/60 with 10% sucrose. The rheology of the beverage shows that it is a non-Newtonian fluid of the pseudoplastic type. In general, temperature and storage time have a significant effect on the flow index and consistency index. The proximal and microbiological chemical tests meet the standards, and the drink is suitable for human consumption. The rheological results of drinks based on cocoa exudate and lactic whey can be used as a parameter for quality control and sizing of machines, equipment, pipes, connections, filters, drive pumps and research provide knowledge for the use of agro-industrial residue. and the dairy industry.
Application of microencapsulated Trichoderma spp. against Moniliophthora roreri during the vegetative development of cocoa
Authors: Avilés Daniel , Espinoza Fernando , Villao Liliana , Alvarez José , Sosa Daynet , Santos-Ordóñez Efrén , Galarza Luis
Published: January 2024

Ecuador is one of the leading producers of fine aroma cocoa worldwide, involving around 100,000 producer families. On the American continent, the largest producer is Brazil, with 18%, followed by Ecuador and Colombia, and it is estimated that more than 20 million people depend directly on this crop. Moniliophthora roreri, the causal agent of frost pot rot, has been a cause of great concern due to the production losses it has caused, which in 2022 amounted to 80% in different cocoa-producing provinces of Ecuador and worldwide losses of 30% performance they are estimates. This study aimed to determine the biological control potential of microcapsules made with Trichoderma spp spore solution against M. roreri. The In vitro evaluation of the microcapsules did not show significant results in the percentage of inhibition, and this was not the case in the direct evaluation on the farm, where the severity in the 15-day-old fruits showed 0% external and internal affectation with the use of microcapsules in its liquid presentation. Additionally, the evolution of the microcapsules in 28-day-old fruits was observed in severity from 1 to 25% with intercalated applications. Beneficial fungi were applied first, followed by pathogens; though, when the pathogen was applied first, and then the beneficial fungus, the increased severity of external and internal disease was 26-75% and 80-100%, respectively. In conclusion, using microcapsules based on Trichoderma strains at the early ages of the fruits generates protection against M. roreri throughout the vegetative development of the fruit.
Percepções Ambientais de residentes do entorno de uma Unidade de Conservação: instrumento para a Educação Ambiental Crítica
Authors: Rodrigues Karlen , Tenfen Camila Esser , Sereia Diesse Aparecida de Oliveira , Obara Ana Tiyomi
Published: January 2024

Os estudos da percepção ambiental de moradores de Unidades de Conservação (UCs) ou do seu entorno, podem trazer subsídios na compreensão de como as pessoas percebem o meio onde vivem ou se relacionam, bem como, de questões relacionadas à conservação da natureza. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar as percepções ambientais de estudantes e professores, residentes do entorno de uma UC, acerca das mudanças climáticas, da conservação da biodiversidade e das ameaças enfrentadas pela fauna e flora. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, de caráter qualitativo, do tipo observação participante. Para a condução do estudo, foram realizadas diferentes atividades, como palestras, trilha interpretativa e dinâmicas. A coleta dos dados se deu através da aplicação de questionários estruturados e diário de campo, posteriormente submetidos à Análise de Conteúdo. Como resultados, esta pesquisa destaca a relevância da trilha interpretativa na promoção da sensibilização e conexão com a natureza, ratificada a partir do entusiasmo e interesse dos participantes pelos temas trabalhados. Verificou-se também, que os participantes têm compreensão e percepção sobre as questões ambientais trabalhadas. No entanto, essa compreensão ainda se apresenta de forma superficial, evidenciando-se a necessidade de desenvolvimento de ações educativas elaboradas a partir da realidade da população. A pesquisa de percepção ambiental realizada pode trazer subsídios para a gestão da UC, no desenvolvimento de ações que envolvam comunidades nos processos decisórios e na conservação da biodiversidade.
O perfil do egresso em engenharia ambiental entre os anos 2012 e 2017: estudo de caso em uma Universidade do Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Santos Arthur Pereira dos , Simionatto Henzo Henrique , Américo-Pinheiro Juliana Heloisa Pinê , Silva Darllan Collins da Cunha e , Lourenço Roberto Wagner
Published: January 2024

Este trabalho tem por finalidade caracterizar o perfil do engenheiro ambiental. Para isso, elaborou-se um questionário, contendo 3 perguntas-chave, além de outros questionamentos acerca da vida acadêmica e profissional de 220 egressos que se graduaram entre os anos de 2012 e 2017 numa Universidade localizada na cidade de Sorocaba, São Paulo (SP). Foi possível constatar um crescimento gradual da quantidade de engenheiros ambientais formados por ano, o que pode estar relacionado com o aumento da procura por cursos que envolvem a temática ambiental e o estímulo das políticas públicas por meio de financiamentos e bolsas de estudo. Entretanto, notou-se que uma grande quantidade desses profissionais (25,8%) estava desempregada, fato que indica para uma possível saturação do mercado de trabalho na região analisada. Verificou-se que a maior parte dos egressos atuam como Analista Ambiental em empresas privadas dos mais diversos ramos, situação essa que, muito provavelmente, se relaciona com o fato de que mais de 50% dos engenheiros amostrados recebem até R$3.000,00. Além disso, a maior parte dos engenheiros ambientais já estavam inseridos no mercado de trabalho, como técnicos, corroborando à situação de fomento por meio do governo federal e as possíveis oportunidades. Por fim, constatou-se que a maioria dos profissionais acreditam que a profissão do engenheiro ambiental é nova, e a multidisciplinaridade em sua formação o torna um profissional com uma visão holística e sistêmica, de forma a aturem em conjunto com outros especialistas. Entretanto, ainda assim, acreditam que seria necessário alterações na grade curricular da graduação.
Effect of Oleanolic Acid on the Gene Expression of Pulmonary MUC5AC Mucin through IKK/IκBα/NF-κB p65 in Human Airway Epithelial Cells
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Lee Hyun Jae , Lee Choong Jae
Published: January 2024

In the present study, we investigated whether oleanolic acid, an anti-inflammatory natural product, significantly affects the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced gene expression of airway MUC5AC mucin. Confluent NCIH292 cells were pretreated with oleanolic acid for 30 min and then stimulated with PMA for 24 h or the indicated periods. The MUC5AC mucin mRNA expression was measured by RT-PCR. Production of MUC5AC mucin protein was measured by ELISA. To elucidate the action mechanism of oleanolic acid, effect of oleanolic acid on PMA-induced NF-B signaling pathway was investigated by western blot analysis. The results were as follows: (1) Oleanolic acid significantly inhibited the production of MUC5AC mucin protein and down-regulated the expression of MUC5AC mucin mRNA; (2) Oleanolic acid inhibited PMA-induced activation (phosphorylation) of inhibitory kappa B kinase (IKK), and thus phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitory kappa Ba (IB); (3) Oleanolic acid inhibited PMA-induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-B) p65, led to the down-regulation of MUC5AC mucin gene expression in NCI-H292 cells. These results suggest that oleanolic acid can regulate the gene expression of mucin by acting on airway epithelial cells through regulation of NF-B signaling pathway.
Analyzing Regulatory Approval Pathways and Clinical Strategies for AAV-based Gene Therapies Approved by the FDA and EMA
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Ahn Yoenhee , Kim Jongwon , Kwon Kyenghee
Published: January 2024

Gene therapy, involving the transfer of genetic materials into a patient to alter gene or protein expression, is a promising approach for treating a variety of human diseases. In vivo gene therapy uses gene-based materials to modify target cell genomes. Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) vectors, known as the safest and the most effective vector to deliver genes of interest into a broad range of cell types, are gaining prominence. Luxturna's the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval marked a turning point for AAV-based gene therapy. Subsequently, Zolgensma and Hemgenix received approval from both the FDA and the European Medicines Agency (EMA), increasing interest in AAV based gene therapies for rare or untreatable diseases. Despite this progress, the regulatory and clinical trial processes for AAV-based gene therapy drugs are underexplored. Our study compares the approval processes of three prominent AAVbased gene therapy drugs: Luxturna, Zolgensma, and Hemgenix. We found that all three received expedited approvals from the FDA and EMA, primarily based on meticulously designed clinical trials demonstrating safety and efficacy. These trials underwent multiple adaptations to meet tight timelines, deviating from traditional regulatory pathways. These findings offer valuable insights for domestic AAV-based gene therapy developers, helping them refine clinical strategies for future innovations. This knowledge would further guide the development and regulation of future AAV-based gene therapies.
Evaluation of Anti-atopic Efficacy of Centella asiatica using Animal Model
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Bae Jae Pil , f f , Park Jun Woo , Park Jin Hong , Park Youngmin , Lee Kiman , Kang Tae Jin
Published: January 2024

Centella asiatica (C. asiatica) is currently widely used in wound healing and has recently been reported to have
immune suppressive properties. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory and allergic disease. We herein
investigated the anti-atopic effect of C. asiatica in vivo. To examine the anti-atopic dermatitis activity of C. asiatica the
ovalbumin-induced BALB/c mouse model was used. Ovalbumin mixture was injected into the abdominal cavity and
patched on the back to induce AD, and then treated by orally administering C. asiatica. C. asiatica reduced major signs
of clinical skin severity such as erythema, pruritus, lichenification, edema/escoriations, and dryness. A decrease in the
number of scratch was also seen in scratching counts. The level of serum IgE was also reduced in mice treated with C.
asiatica. We therefore suggested C. asiatica extract can be used as a therapeutic agent for AD treatment.
Formulation and Dissolution Behavior of a New OROS Tablet containing Sarpogrelate Hydrochloride
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Park Jin Su , Gil Myung-Chul , Cho Young Ho , Lee Gye Won
Published: January 2024

Sarpogrelate hydrochloride (SGH) is a drug that improves ischemic symptoms such as ulcers, pain, and feeling of cold caused by chronic arterial occlusion, and has a short half-life of 0.6 to 0.8 hours. Also, reference drug (SarpodipilⓇ SR tablet) is affected by drug release depending on pH. To overcome this, the osmotic controlled release oral delivery system (OROS) utilizes push-pull osmotic pump (PPOP) technology that can achieve zero-order drug release over 24 hours by osmotic pressure. OROS tablet is double-layer tablet consisting of a drug layer (L200-PEO) and a push layer (H5,000- PEO). OROS tablet coated with a semi-permeable film has a orifice of a certain size made by a laser drill, so that the drug is released at a constant rate. The dissolution of the OROS tablet was not affected by the amount of sodium chloride in the drug layer and the number of orifice, but was affected by amount of coating, cellulose acetate (CA) : polyethylene glycol 3350 (PEG 3350) ratio and the size of orifice. Accordingly, as the amount of coating increased and PEG 3350 decreased, the dissolution rate decreased. The developed OROS tablet (formulation C), unlike the reference drug, is not affected by pH, showing high similarity factors of 76.0, 86.1, and 91.2 at pH 1.2, pH 4.0, and pH 6.8 when compared to distilled water. In conclusion, we developed OROS tablet containing SGH, showing zero-order release that continuously releases the drug for 24 hours regardless of pH, and confirmed the factors affecting dissolution.
Development of Nilotinib HCl-loaded solid SNEDDS (Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System) using Mesoporous Colloidal Silica
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Lee Su Man , Jeong Ju Hwan , Lee Jeong Gyun , Kim Kyeong Soo
Published: January 2024

The objective of this study was to develop a novel nilotinib HCl-loaded solidified self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) formulation with enhanced solubility and dissolution rate. Various oils and surfactants were screened, resulting in the selection of Peceol (oil) and Tween 80 (surfactant) and Transcutol P (co-surfactant). Pseudoternary phase diagram was constructed to detect the nanoemulsion zone. Among the SNEDDS formulations tested, the SNEDDS consisting of Peceol (oil), Tween 80 (surfactant), and Transcutol P (co-surfactant) at a weight ratio of 30/50/20 produced an emulsion droplet size of 182.1±1.0 nm. The spray drying technique, using mesoporous silicon dioxide as an inert carrier, was employed to solidify the selected nilotinib HCl-loaded SNEDDS. The resulting nilotinib HCl-loaded solid SNEDDS (S-SNEDDS) was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffractometry (PXRD), dynamic light scattering, saturation solubility and in vitro dissolution study. The S-SNEDDS produced an emulsion droplet size of 185.2±0.9 nm and there was no change in emulsion particle size upon the addition of drug. SEM and PXRD results suggested that nilotinib HCl existed in an amorphous form in nilotinib HCl-loaded S-SNEDDS. Solubility tests across various pH levels showed a significant improvement in nilotinib HCl solubility. Similarly, dissolution tests demonstrated enhanced dissolution rates in all tested solutions, consistent with the solubility results. These results indicate that the employed methodologies were effective in increasing both the solubility and dissolution rates of nilotinib HCl across different pH environments, suggesting a successful enhancement of its bioavailability.
Patterns of National Health Insurance Spendings for High-Priced Medicine in Korea
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Lee Hye-Jae , Hong Jihyung , Bae Eun-Young
Published: January 2024

In recent years, the introduction of high-priced innovative pharmaceuticals has been on the rise, placing a burden on the national pharmaceutical expenditure. This study aimed to analyze the spending trends of high-priced drugs in South Korea over the past ten years and derive policy implications for the management of pharmaceutical expenditure. The claims data of National Health Insurance (NHI) were used as the data source, and drugs with annual per-patient costs exceeding ten million KRW were defined as 'high-priced drugs.' The study selected the each year’s list of high-priced drugs from 2010 to 2021 and analyzed the trends considering their spending size, manufacturer types, therapeutic groups, Risk-Sharing Agreements, and Economic Evaluation Exemption. The spending on high-priced drugs accounted for 8.0% of the NHI pharmaceutical expenditure in 2021, and it has been increasing annually by 14.3% since 2010. The expenditure on high-priced drugs introduced through the RSA (Risk-Sharing Agreement) rapidly increased, especially for oncology drugs and immunosuppressants. This study defined high-priced drugs based on per-patient costs and observed the trends in the expenditure of these drugs according to pharmaceutical characteristics. Based on this, it is significant in proposing issues and policy implications for noteworthy drug categories.
Study for Anti-inflammatory Effects of Centella asiatica Extract Powder
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Bae Jae Pil , Lee Kiman , f f , Park Jun Woo , Park Jin Hong , Kang Tae Jin
Published: January 2024

Centella asiatica (C. asiatica) is currently widely used in wound healing and has recently been reported to have immune suppressive properties. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effect with ethanol-extract of C. asiatica cultivated in a smart farm. Analysis of asiaticoside in C. asiatica extract was performed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and as a result, the asiaticoside content of C. asiatica extract was 23.17 mg/g. The effect of C. asiatica extract on the expression of inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and nitric oxide (NO) was examined in murine macrophage cell line, RAW264.7 using ELISA method. C. asiatica extract inhibited the production of NO, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at a dose dependent manner. C. asiatica extract also suppressed the expression of IL-6 and IL- 8 in HaCaT cells, a human keratinocytes, stimulated with TNF-α/IFN-. These results suggest that C. asiatica cultivated in a smart farm can be effectively utilized as a therapeutic agent for inflammatory disease.
Comparative Analysis on Common Technical Document Module 1 Submission Form of Drug Labeling in South Korea, United States and Europe
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Yang Jinwook , Kwon Kyenghee
Published: January 2024

National efforts to enhance the readability and utilization of drug labeling information are ongoing, emphasizing the pivotal role of effective systems influenced by regulatory frameworks. A comparative analysis of drug labeling submissions within the administrative context of Module 1 of the Common Technical Document revealed the potential to discern disparities in managing drug labeling information across distinct nations. Consequently, this study scrutinized the structure of drug labeling submissions in Module 1 within the jurisdictions of Korea, the United States, and Europe. Significantly, the United States and Europe require data assessing the consumer’s understanding of drug labeling, subject to regulatory review. In contrast, the Korean regulatory framework overlooks audience considerations and lacks data evaluating labeling appropriateness. These differing submission practices result in significant disparities in drug labeling content and format. Regulatory specifications heavily shape drug labeling, leading to differences in the depth of oversight due to submission format disparities. While the administrative content encompassed within Module 1 of the Common Technical Document acknowledges national discrepancies, we aspire to establish a more sophisticated and consumer-centric drug-labeling system in Korea.
Conseils sur l'utilisation de contrôles d'analyse pour la détection directe des poliovirus par séquençage des nanopores v1
Authors: Akello Joyce
Published: January 2024

Ce document décrit le processus de laboratoire pour l'utilisation de contrôles d'analyse (contrôles positifs et négatifs) pour effectuer la détection directe du poliovirus par séquençage des nanopores (le test DDNS).
Determining Teachers' Views and Behaviors Towards Current Physical Education in the Changing Understanding of Education: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: ÖZTÜRK İnci Ece , KORKMAZ Nimet
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study is to present multiple facts and reveal an in-depth understanding by examining teachers' views and behaviors towards current physical education from a holistic perspective. The study was conducted with 21 physical education teachers. The phenomenology design was used. The data were collected using the interview technique and a semi-structured interview form. As a result of the content analysis, three themes were identified: Physical Education Course Content, Distance Physical Education and Technology Use and Health-Based Physical Education. As a result, although the distance education process is described as a difficult experience by the teachers, it has provided some gains in terms of health-based physical education and the use of technology in physical education. We recommend creating sharing environments that will unite in-service and pre-service teachers. Schools should follow approaches that will encourage healthy living and physical activity for everyone along with the task of bringing talented children together with sports.