bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptive filtering of harmonic interference when receiving signals with quadrature amplitude modulation.
Authors:   MIREA – Russian Technological University, Kulikov G. V. , Lelyukh A. A. , Grachenko E. N.
Published: September 2021

Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signals are widely used in modern information transmission systems. The quality of the receiver of such signals is significantly reduced if non-fluctuation interference is present in the communication channel. Narrow-band (harmonic) interference with the frequency of the useful signal is especially dangerous. The aim of this work is to develop and study an adaptive algorithm for suppressing such interference when receiving QAM signals. The algorithm is based on a non-recursive digital filter with adjustable weights. It uses known information about the shape of the phase pulse of the signal. The efficiency of the algorithm is investigated by the method of computer simulation. When checking the performance of the algorithm, the spectrum of the signal and noise, the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the adaptive filter and the change in its shape over time were estimated. For 4-QAM and 16-QAM signals, the dependences of the bit error probability on the intensity of harmonic interference and on the signal-to-noise ratio are obtained. It is shown that the adaptive filter effectively suppresses harmonic interference with a relative intensity µ> 0.2 when receiving a 4-QAM signal. The energy advantage is 2 dB or more. When receiving QAM signals with M ≥16, which also have amplitude modulation, the algorithm remains operational, but the efficiency of using this adaptive filter is much lower. The energy advantage does not exceed 0.5 dB.
PENGARUH PRICE EARNING RATIO TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PERUSAHAAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI JAKARTA ISLAMIC INDEX (JII)
Authors: Azzochrah Nurul Azizah , Mushlihin Muhammad Azhar , Makka Misbahul Munir
Published: September 2021

Nilai saham perusahaan dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor diantaranya return on equity, ukuran perusahaan, dan price earning ratio. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan secara empiris pengaruh Price Earning Ratio terhadap harga saham yang terdaftar pada Jakarta Islamic Index (JII). Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan melakukan pengumpulan populasi antara lain beberapa perusahaan yang terdaftar di Jakarta Islamic Index dengan sampel 8 perusahaan yang tidak pernah delisting selama priode 2018-2021 di Jakarta Islamic Index. Analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linear sederhana yang digunakan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara variabel dependen dengan variabel independen dengan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS. Selain analisis regresi sederhana, uji normalitas juga dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah data yang akan diolah nantinya benar atau dapat terdistribusi secara baik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Price Earning Ratio memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap harga saham di Jakarta Islmic Index. Investasi dilakukan khusus pada saham-saham yang berada pada Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) ternyata mendapatkan nilai positif yang menandakan bahwa ketika nilai Price Earning Ratio (PER) itu mengalami kenaikan.
An alternative approach for construction of strata using quantified sensitivity level
Authors: Agegnehu Dejen , Mahajan P. K. , Gupta R. K.
Published: September 2021

The study is investigated on an alternative method for the construction of strata using sensitivity level when the samples are selected with simple random sampling with replacement (SRSWR) and the data are collected by scrambled optional randomization technique on the sensitive characters. Thus, the optional randomized response model , where k is a random variable having value 1 if the response is scrambled and 0 otherwise, was considered for finding out Approximate Optimum Strata Boundaries by minimizing the variance of the estimator  . The cum.   was proposed for finding out Approximate Optimum Strata Boundary in Neyman allocation for the optional scrambled response. This is applicable for wider classes of sampling design and estimators in stratification. The proposed rule on optional scrambled randomized response is efficient and can be used effectively for the construction of optimum strata boundary via Rectangular, Right triangular and Exponential distribution.
Relationship between macrobenthos and abiotic characteristics of river Alaknanda in a stretch from Chamoli to Devprayag in Garhwal Himalayan region of Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Tomar Garima , Malik D. S. , Jain C. K.
Published: September 2021

Macrobenthos is the best water quality indicator for ecosystem health assessment. The present study aimed to examine the interrelationship between macrobenthos and different water quality parameters of the river Alaknanda at Garhwal Himalaya. Four demarcated sampling zones viz. zone-A (Chamoli to Nandprayag), zone-B (Karanprayag to Rudraprayag), zone-C (Rudraprayag to Srinagar) and zone-D (Srinagar to Devprayag) were taken from its approximately 170 km long stretch during 2016-2018.  River water characteristics were analyzed for the important parameters viz. substratum, water temperature (WT), water velocity, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) using standard methods. The results indicated that the river water velocity was the highest 1.02 m/s at zone-C, TDS of 114.19 mgl-1 was maximum at zone-A ; and Ca and Mg were recorded highest 23.17 mgl-1 and 5.44 mgl-1 at zone-A and zone-B, respectively. All abiotic parameters (pH, EC, TDS, DO, Ca and Mg) were recorded to be below BIS/WHO limits. A total of 27 macrobenthos taxa belonging to the five orders such as Coleoptera (6 ind./m2), Diptera (5 ind./m2), Ephemeroptera (8 ind./m2), Hemiptera (4 ind./m2),  and Odonata (4 ind./m2) were recorded. Macrobenthos represented an important relationship between the water current and water temperature. The lowest number was reported at zone-C due to the river's high water velocity (1.02 m/s). The changes like biota loss, presence of some  pollution indicator species (Cloeon sp., Bateis sp., Emphemera sp.) at zone-C, in sediment structure of habitat were due to the anthropogenic activities on the riverbank of different zones. The study will help in the conservation of macrobenthos diversity of the river Alaknanda.
Mapping of the urban tree population in gardens of Ulhasnagar, District Thane, Maharashtra using Geographic information system (GIS)
Authors: Menon Geetha , Gharge Shital
Published: September 2021

Urban trees today are a crucial component that defines the healthy and liveable environment of a city. A city’s database includes streets, building, footprints, overhead and underground utilities, workforce areas, pest/disease quarantine zones, parks, and pending development areas in addition to the tree database such as tree location, species, diameter at breast height (DBH), and canopy width. The present study aimed at mapping the tree population of some selected gardens and parks in Ulhasnagar using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). GIS is an integrated system of computer hardware, software, data and trained personnel for analyzing and displaying all forms of geographically referenced information. GIS-based map shows the location for each tree species found in the selected 12 gardens of Ulhasnagar. Green colour represents dense green canopy represented by the above-ground biomass,  and yellow represents moderate, while red indicates scarce or limited above-ground biomass. The green colour actually represents the volume of biomass and not the density or the number of trees and shows the concentration of carbon pools in the study area. Updating data in GIS is much more cost-efficient and less time consuming than having to redraw maps manually. Urban foresters and urban planners can work together using GIS for better management of this resource. This study is one of the pioneering footsteps towards appreciative resources and thus enabling the researchers in developing an appropriate management strategy. The data will help us to analyze and interpret better and eventually conceptualize the above-ground biomass in the entire area of gardens.
Effect of frying on physicochemical properties of sesame and soybean oil blend
Authors: Garg Meenakshi , Wason Surabhi , Meena Prem Lata , Chopra Rajni , Sadhu Susmita Dey , Dhyani Akriti
Published: September 2021

Most common cooking oil, such as soybean oil, can not be used for high-temperature applications, as they are highly susceptible to oxidation. Sesame seed oil rich in natural antioxidants provides high oxidative stability. Therefore, blending sesame oil with soybean oil offer improved oxidative stability. This study aims to determine the effect of frying on the physicochemical properties of sesame and soyabean oil blend. Soybean oil (SO) was blended with sesame seed oil (SSO) in the ratio of A-40:60, B-60:40 and C-50:50 so as to enhance its market acceptability. The changes occurring in soybean and sesame seed oil blend during repeated frying cycles were monitored. The parameters assessed were: Refractive index, specific gravity, viscosity, saponification value, free fatty acid (FFA) , peroxide value, and acid value. Fresh and fried oil blends were also characterised by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). No significant changes were observed for refractive index and specific gravity values in oil blends. Viscosity of blend B blend was the least, making it desirable for cooking purposes. However, FFA, acid value and peroxide value increased after each frying cycle. The increment of FFA and AV was found low for blend A (10% and 10%,) than blend B (27%,13%) and blend C (13%,13%). The peroxide value of all samples was within the acceptable range. The results of the present study definitely indicated that blending sesame oil with soybean oil could produce an oil blend which is economically feasible and provide desirable physicochemical properties for cooking purposes.
Use of zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model for research in toxicological studies
Authors: Singh Kalpana , Kashyap Satyendra Kumar , Garg Vandana
Published: September 2021

Danio rerio, commonly known as zebrafish, is a freshwater aquarium fish and is native to parts of South Asia. It is considered an important organism for analyzing the noxious effects of toxicants and pollutants of the environment. In terms of the molecular signaling pathway, molecular properties, organ functions and structures, and neurogenesis, zebrafish are similar to certain other higher-order vertebrates. The 3Rs, refinement,reduction, and replacement in researchhavegradually evolved with time. The accumulation of toxicants in the environment and the human health conditions from exposure to toxicants present in the environment is a serious concern, and zebrafish serves as an excellent model to research such effects. The three Rs are met by zebrafish, larvae can also be used to discover harmful medication compounds, permitting safer compounds to be explored in model organisms and it could also be used to substitute certain toxicological testing.Also, because embryos are fertilized outside and are visible during the initial days of life, the early larval model of zebrafish enables flexibility to animal research study, subsequently reducing the number of animals employed in experiments.For various experimentation studies, the larva of the zebrafish is proved to be a useful model for the system.Thus, being a good test system, zebrafish are used in environmental health and safety studies.This review focuses on the toxicological studiesin zebrafish and outlines the toxicological studies done on zebrafish with arsenic and 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) as well as microplastic toxicity.
First record of Octopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) (Octopodidae) in the Iraqi coastal waters, NW Arabian Gulf
Authors: Al-Maliky Anwar M.J. , Al-Khafaji Khaled Kh. , Al-Maliky Tariq H.
Published: September 2021

The present study identifies one species of the genus Octopus in the order: Octopoda (Cephalopoda: Mollusca), recorded forthe first time in the Iraqi coastal waters and Arabian-Persian Gulf. The study extended from January 2019 to December of thesame year. The Octopus specimens were seasonally obtained from the fishing trawlers operating in the Iraqi coastal waters inthe South of Al- Fao District, Basrah- Iraq, NW Arabian Gulf. The Octopus was identified as O. vulgaris in Iraqi coastal watersdepending on morphological features. The habitats of living specimens are briefly described. Some observations were reported on the occurrence of this species and the measurement of some environmental factors. The species was identified up to spe-cies level using standard literature. This species looks similar morphologically to the species which is already identified from the other areas around the world. The present study records significant expansion in the distribution range of this species.
A study on ectoparasites in Indian Mackerel, Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier, 1817) of Thiruvananthapuram coast, South India
Authors: Suresh Amrutha Shyla Suresh , Nair Balamurali Raghavan Pillai Sreekumaran , Unni Arya , Mangalathettu Binumon Thankachan
Published: September 2021

Parasitic infestation in marine fish requires urgent attention, especially those that infect economically important fishes, which affect their aesthetic quality and palatability. Ectoparasites in Indian Mackerel, Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier, 1817), have not been studied well. Morphological and seasonal study of ectoparasites in R. kanagurta from the Thiruvananthapuram coast was conducted during March-August 2018. The study investigated three parasitic groups: Trichodinids, Digenean cysts (Centrocestus Looss, 1899), and Cymothoids (Norileca indica Milne Edwards, 1840 and Nerocila phaiopleura Bleeker, 1857) from R. kanagurta during the present study. Of the 240 fishes examined, the Trichodinids and digeneans showed 100% prevalence on the gill samples. Seasons had no significant effect on trichodinids and digeneans prevalence. However, parasitic Cmothoids fluctuated significantly according to the season. They showed greater prevalence during the pre-monsoon (45%) and least in monsoon (25%) due to environmental parameters like rainfall, salinity, and temperature. Trichodinids parasitized gills of R. kanagurta showed increased mucus production, paleness in the gills, and multifocal whitish areas. The Cymothoid infested fish showed lesions with the erosion of the epidermis and underlying dermis at the site of attachment. The noticeable changes were observed in the gill epithelium due to the encystment of digeneans. The Trichodinid ciliates and Heterophyid digenean cysts (Centrocestus Looss, 1899) are reported for the first time in R. kanagurta.
Therapeutic effect of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds extract against arsenic induced toxicity in Charles Foster rats
Authors: Kumar Vikas , Akhouri Vivek , Singh Sushil Kumar , Kumar Arun
Published: September 2021

The prime objective of the present study was to establish fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) seeds extract as an antidote against arsenic induced hepato-renal toxicity in rats. The male Charles Foster rats (weighing 160-180 g) were selected to make arsenic intoxicated model. The arsenic treated group of rats were orally treated with sodium arsenite at the dose of 8 mg/kg body weight/day for 90 days. Thereafter, the arsenic pretreated rats were further administered with fenugreek ethanolic seeds extract at the dose of 250 mg/kg body weight/day for 90 days.  After the completion of the treatment, animals of all the groups were sacrificed for the biochemical and histopathological estimation. The arsenic treated rats showed significant (p < 0.0001) alterations at the various hepatic and renal biomarker parameters and at serum MDA levels in comparison to the control rats.  Significant (p < 0.0001) arsenic accumulation was also observed in the blood, liver and kidney tissues of the arsenic treated rats. However, after the administration with fenugreek seeds extract, significant (p < 0.0001) restoration was observed in the liver and kidney biomarker parameters and at haematological variables. Fenugreek seeds extract administration also significantly (p < 0.0001) reduced the serum MDA levels and arsenic concentration levels in blood, liver and kidney tissues, along with considerable restorations at the cellular architecture of liver and kidney tissues. The study concluded that fenugreek seeds possessed potential hepato-renal ameliorative effect against sodium arsenite induced toxicity in rats, and can be used for its therapeutic value against arsenic poisoning.
A novel technique of detecting DIF in items using z-score based on IRT model
Authors: Dey Ankita
Published: September 2021

A novel technique of detecting DIF in items using
z-score based on IRT model. A simple technique based on z-score is proposed and derived for Rasch Model and also compared with traditional DIF detection methods. The data set used for application is the State Level Achievement Survey data set from West Bengal, India. Binary responses on 40-item tests of 12518 examinees are taken.
Detecting malware samples with similar image sets
Authors: Gove Robert
Published: September 2021

This paper proposes a method for identifying and visualizing similarity relationships between malware samples based on their embedded graphical assets (such as desktop icons and button skins). We argue that analyzing such relationships has practical merit for a number of reasons. For example, we find that malware desktop icons are often used to trick users into running malware programs, so identifying groups of related malware samples based on these visual features can highlight themes in the social engineering tactics of today’s malware authors. Also, when malware samples share rare images, these image sharing relationships may indicate that the samples were generated or deployed by the same adversaries.To explore and evaluate this malware comparison method, the paper makes two contributions. First, we provide a scalable and intuitive method for computing similarity measurements between malware based on the visual similarity of their sets of images. Second, we give a visualization method that combines a force- directed graph layout with a set visualization technique so as to highlight visual similarity relationships in malware corpora. We evaluate the accuracy of our image set similarity comparison method against a hand curated malware relationship ground truth dataset, finding that our method performs well. We also evaluate our overall concept through a small qualitative study we conducted with three cyber security researchers. Feedback from the researchers confirmed our use cases and suggests that computer network defenders are interested in this capability.
Climate crisis and ecological emergency: why they concern (neuro)scientists, and what we can do
Authors: Rae Charlotte , Farley Martin , Jeffrey Kate , Urai Anne E
Published: September 2021

Our planet is experiencing severe and accelerating climate and ecological breakdown caused by human activity. As professional scientists we are better placed than most to understand the data that evidence this fact. However, like most other people, we ignore this inconvenient truth and lead our daily lives, at home and at work, as if these facts weren’t true. In particular, we overlook that our own neuroscientific research practices, from our laboratory experiments to our often global travel, help drive climate change and ecosystem damage. We also hold privileged positions of authority in our societies but rarely speak out. Here, we argue that to help society create a survivable future, we neuroscientists can and must play our part.In April 2021, we delivered a symposium at the British Neuroscience Association (BNA) meeting outlining what we think neuroscientists can and should do to help stop climate breakdown. Building on our talks, we here outline what the climate and ecological emergencies mean for us as neuroscientists. We highlight the psychological mechanisms that block us from taking action, and then outline what practical steps we can take to overcome these blocks and work towards sustainability. In particular, we review environmental issues in neuroscience research, scientific computing, and conferences. We also highlight the key advocacy roles we can all play in our institutions, and in society more broadly. The need for sustainable change has never been more urgent, and we call on all (neuro)scientists to act with the utmost urgency.
Visualizing Uncertainty due to Missing Data
Authors: Oberman Hanne Ida
Published: September 2021

Scientific uncertainty is often omitted from data visualization for communication, while it may enable audiences to assess study results more fairly. One source of uncertainty is of particular interest in this project: missing data. Missingness is ubiquitous, typically ignored, and poses a major threat to the validity of scientific results. We aim to find intuitive ways to express uncertainty due to missing data, and would like your feedback on our online pilot app.
INTERNATIONAL CONFLICTS IN CAMBODIA AND AFGHANISTAN
Authors: Onwudiwe Subira
Published: September 2021

A civil war marked by the intervention of foreign military troops is known as an internationalized non-international armed conflict.' This type of armed conflict happens often and presents a number of issues of concern to international lawyers. The scope of this article is confined to the application of international humanitarian law in such circumstances, and it does not address the validity of foreign involvement in a civil war. In civil conflicts involving foreign intervention, the sides seldom agree on the facts or their interpretation. As a result, this article is dependent on certain factual assumptions, assumptions for which evidence cannot always be provided.
The short-term, circumscribed, and conditional effects of cross-partisan conversation
Authors: Santoro Erik , Broockman David
Published: September 2021

Scholars and activists have raised alarm about affective polarization---voters' increasing dislike for supporters of opposing political parties---and its potential negative implications for democracy. Organizations, activists, and scholars have identified cross-partisan conversations as a promising paradigm for reducing affective polarization and, in turn, bolstering democratic accountability. However, existing theory and empirical work remains ambiguous. We argue that cross-partisan conversations have potential to reduce intergroup prejudices, but that such one-shot interactions are likely to have short-term effects that decay, would be circumscribed within the interpersonal domain and not extend to democratic attitudes, and would be conditional on topic, diminishing if the conversations dwell on group differences. We support this argument with results from two unique experiments where we paired outpartisan strangers in real time to discuss randomly assigned topics face-to-face over video calls. In Study 1, we found that non-political conversations between outpartisans dramatically decreased affective polarization, reversing over two decades' worth of increases. However, these impacts decayed completely in a follow-up survey. Moreover, the conversations had no effect on outcomes related to democratic accountability, such as support for outpartisan politicians. Study 2 replicated Study 1's results in a more representative sample and included conversations about group differences (i.e., politics). We again found large effects of non-political cross-partisan conversations on affective polarization, but that conversations about group differences had no effects. All conversations were again ineffective at changing democratic attitudes. Our results support our argument regarding the conditional, short-term, and circumscribed effects of cross-partisan conversations.
Terminal lucidity: mysteries at the end of life
Authors: Le Tam-Tri
Published: September 2021

I discuss some points about terminal lucidity in terms of information processing.
Moral Messaging in a Time of COVID-19
Authors: Misiak Michał , Tureček Petr , Curry Oliver Scott
Published: September 2021

Do appeals to moral values increase compliance with COVID-19 public health measures? According to the theory of ‘Morality as cooperation’, morality consists of a collection of cooperative principles that help us get along, work together and promote the common good. We experimentally investigated whether messages that appeal to these moral principles increase pandemic-related public health behaviour. We investigated: (a) Are moral messages more effective than non-moral messages? (b) Are some moral messages more effective than others? c) Is the effectiveness of moral messages dependant on the corresponding moral values of the individual? (d) Do these effects hold across cultures? Participants (recruited from the USA and India) were presented with one of ten messages, asked questions about their intentions to follow the restrictions, were asked to donate to a charity fighting COVID-19, and completed the Morality-as-Cooperation Relevance Questionnaire. We found that: (a) Moral messages were more effective in increasing the donation than a non-moral message and more effective in increasing the intentions to act prosocially than a lack of message. (b) Messages appealing to heroism increased the intentions to act prosocially in both samples. (c) The effectiveness of moral messages was better when they were concordant with participants’ moral values, but only in the USA sample. (d) We also found that some moral messages were effective only in a particular population. Thus, moral messages may increase compliance with public health guidelines, but it is necessary to appeal to particular values and to tailor these messages for a specific culture.
Measuring Affect Dynamics: An Empirical Framework
Authors: Pirla Sergio , Taquet Maxime , Quoidbach Jordi
Published: September 2021

A fast-growing body of evidence from experience sampling studies suggests that affect dynamics are associated with well-being and psychological health. But heterogeneity in experience sampling approaches impedes reproducibility and scientific progress. Leveraging a large dataset of 7016 individuals, each providing over 50 affect reports, we introduce an empirically-derived framework to help researchers design well-powered and efficient experience sampling studies. Our research reveals three general principles. First, a sample of 200 participants and 20 observations per person yields sufficient power to detect medium size associations for most affect dynamic measures. Second, for trait and time-independent variability measures of affect (e.g., S.D.), distant sampling study designs (i.e., a few daily measurements spread out over several weeks) leads to more accurate estimates than close sampling study designs (i.e., several daily measurements concentrated over a few days), whereas differences in accuracy across sampling methods were inconsistent and of little practical significance for temporally dependent affect dynamic measures (i.e., RMSSD, autocorrelation coefficient, TKEO, and PAC). Third, across all affect dynamics measures, sampling exclusively on specific days or time windows leads to little to no improvement over sampling at random times. Because the ideal sampling approach varies for each affect dynamics measure, we provide a companion R-package, an online calculator, and a series of benchmark effect sizes to help researchers address three fundamental how’s of experience-sampling: How many participants to recruit? How often to solicit them? And for how long?
Deep Deconvolution for Traffic Analysis with Distributed Acoustic Sensing Data
Authors: van den Ende Martijn , Ferrari André , Sladen Anthony , Richard Cédric
Published: September 2021

Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) is a novel vibration sensing technology that can be employed to detect vehicles and to analyse traffic flows using existing telecommunication cables. DAS therefore has great potential in future "smart city" developments, such as real-time traffic incident detection. Though previous studies have considered vehicle detection under relatively light traffic conditions, in order for DAS to be a feasible technology in real-world scenarios, detection algorithms need to also perform robustly under heavy traffic conditions. In this study we investigate the potential of roadside DAS for the simultaneous detection and characterisation of the velocity of individual vehicles. To improve the temporal resolution and detection accuracy, we propose a self-supervised Deep Learning approach that deconvolves the characteristic car impulse response from the DAS data, which we refer to as a Deconvolution Auto-Encoder (DAE). We show that deconvolution of the DAS data with our DAE leads to better temporal resolution and detection performance than the original (non-deconvolved) data. We subsequently apply our DAE to a 24-hour traffic cycle, demonstrating the feasibility of our proposed method to process large volumes of DAS data, potentially in near-real time.
The Aerodynamics of a Diabolo
Authors: Jia Darren
Published: September 2021

Diabolo is a popular game in which the object can be spun at up to speeds of 5000 rpm. This high spin velocity gives the diabolo the necessary angular momentum to remain stable. The shape of the diabolo generates an interesting air flow pattern. The viscous air applies a resistive torque on the fast spinning diabolo. Through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations it's shown that the resistive torque has an interesting dependence on the angular speed of the diabolo. Further, the geometric shape of the diabolo affects the dependence of torque on angular speed.
Visual discrimination of primate species based on faces in chimpanzees
Authors: Wilson Duncan , Tomonaga Masaki
Published: September 2021

Many primate studies have investigated discrimination of individual faces within the same species. However, few studies have looked at discrimination between primate species faces at the categorical level. This study systematically examined the factors important for visual discrimination between primate species faces in chimpanzees, including: colour, orientation, familiarity and perceptual similarity. Five adult female chimpanzees were tested on their ability to discriminate identical and categorical (non-identical) images of different primate species faces in a series of touchscreen matching-to-sample experiments. Discrimination performance for chimpanzee, gorilla and orangutan faces was better in colour than in greyscale. An inversion effect was also found, with higher accuracy for upright than inverted faces. Discrimination performance for unfamiliar (baboon and capuchin monkey) and highly familiar (chimpanzee and human) but perceptually different species was equally high. After excluding effects of colour and familiarity, difficulty in discriminating between different species faces can be best explained by their perceptual similarity to each other. Categorical discrimination performance for unfamiliar, perceptually similar faces (gorilla and orangutan) was significantly worse than unfamiliar, perceptually different faces (baboon and capuchin monkey). Moreover, Multidimensional Scaling analysis of the image similarity data based on local feature matching revealed greater similarity between chimpanzee, gorilla and orangutan faces than between human, baboon and capuchin monkey faces. We conclude our chimpanzees appear to perceive similarity in primate faces in a similar way to humans. Information about perceptual similarity is likely prioritised over the potential influence of previous experience or a conceptual representation of species for categorical discrimination between species faces.
A Different Road Towards a Better Personality Science
Authors: McLean Kate C. , Syed Moin
Published: September 2021

This is a commentary on Leising et al. (in press). We argue that a better personality science is one that is inclusive of diverse theories, methods, researchers, and participants. The road towards that science will involve serious reflective work on our history, biases, and the systemic inequities that we have built as personality scientists, which sustain the status quo. The suggestions proposed by Leising et al. systematically bias particular methods and tools, such as qualitative work, which we propose are necessary to better our science.
Irrelevant Robot Signals in a Categorization Task Induce Cognitive Conflict in Performance, Eye trajectories, the N2 component of the EEG signal and Frontal Theta Oscillations
Authors: Pérez-Osorio Jairo , Abubshait Abdulaziz , Wykowska Agnieszka
Published: September 2021

Understanding others’ nonverbal behavior is essential for social interaction, as it allows, among others, to infer mental states. While gaze communication, a well-established nonverbal social behavior, has shown its importance in inferring others’ mental states, not much is known about the effects of irrelevant gaze signals on cognitive conflict markers during collaborative settings. Here, participants completed a categorization task where they categorized objects based on their color while observing images of a robot. On each trial, participants observed the robot iCub grasping an object from a table and offering it to them to simulate a handover. Once the robot “moved” the object forward, participants were asked to categorize the object according to its color. Before participants were allowed to respond, the robot made a lateral head/gaze shift. The gaze shifts were either congruent or incongruent with the object’s color. We expected that incongruent head-cues would induce more errors (Study 1), would be associated with more curvature in eye-tracking trajectories (Study 2), and induce larger amplitude in electrophysiological markers of cognitive conflict (Study 3). Results of the three studies show more oculomotor interference as measured in error rates (Study 1), larger curvatures eye-tracking trajectories (Study 2), and higher amplitudes of the N2 event-related potential (ERP) of the EEG signals as well as higher Event-Related Spectral Perturbation (ERSP) amplitudes (Study 3) for incongruent trials compared to congruent trials. Our findings reveal that behavioral, ocular and electrophysiological markers can index the influence of irrelevant signals during goal-oriented tasks.
Why don’t cockatoos have war songs?
Authors: Moser Cody James , Ackerman Jordan , Dayer Alex , Proksch Shannon , Smaldino Paul E.
Published: September 2021

We suggest the accounts offered by the target articles could be strengthened by acknowledging the role of group selection and cultural niche construction in shaping the evolutionary trajectory of human music. We argue that group level traits and highly variable cultural niches can explain the diversity of human song, but the target articles’ accounts are insufficient to explain such diversity.
Konseling Kekinian dengan Melibatkan Dance and Movement Therapy
Authors: Pangestu Yohana Putri Damayanti Adi
Published: September 2021

Permasalahan individu yang semakin kompleks di masa kini dapat berpengaruh bagi menurunnya kualitas kesehatan mental. Individu yang tidak mampu menangani masalahnya akan merasa tertekan dalam ketidakberdayaannya. Hal ini apabila terus?menerus terjadi dapat menghalangi individu untuk mengaktualisasikan dirinya dalam keseharian. Bantuan profesional dari seorang konselor diperlukan agar individu dapat memperoleh bantuan profesional dalam menghadapi masalahnya. Berbagai teknik ekspresif dalam konseling seperti penggunaan terapi tari dan gerak (Dance and Movement Therapy) dapat mendukung berjalannya konseling agar semakin terapeutik. Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji pengetahuan dasar mengenai terapi tari dan gerak (Dance and Movement Therapy) yang bermanfaat bagi pertumbuhan pribadi dan proses konseling. Kajian literatur yang digunakan menggunakan beberapa database seperti Google Scholar dan Google Books serta sumber lain yang mendukung. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa manfaat Dance and Movement Therapy baik bagi fisik maupun mental individu serta dapat mendukung proses konseling agar berjalan secara terapeutik.
Experimental Semiotics: past, present, and future
Authors: Nölle Jonas , Galantucci Bruno
Published: September 2021

Experimental Semiotics (ES) investigates how novel semiotic systems emerge by observing people ground communication in lab games, thus exposing the fundamental principles of human semiosis and the pressures through which they originate. We review the past of ES and describe its key findings. We then discuss challenges and future directions for ES, including how a tighter integration with neuroscience can enrich our understanding of the social processes exposed by ES, and how ES can in turn help neuroscience investigate human semiosis in more realistic settings. ES provides neurosemiotics with new tool to integrate the social and biological components of communication.
Area wide management of white grub Holotrichia consanguinea Blachard through IPM modules in groundnut
Authors: JB Bhut , DM Jethva , R Naggana
Published: September 2021

Field experiments were conducted on groundnut for white grub Holotrichia consanguinea Blachard management using different IPM components in Gujarat during kharif 2018 and 2019. Two different eco-friendly modules were evaluated and compare with farmers practices. In Module I included on set of monsoon, spraying of chlorpyrifos 20 EC @ 0.04% on surrounding trees, seed treatment of chlorpyrifos 20 EC @ 20 ml/kg, Placement of aggregation pheromone on host tree (5 block/tree), Soil application of Beauveria bassiana @ 5 kg ha-1 (Min. 2 x 106 CFU/g) + castor cake (250 kg ha-1) before sowing, Application of B. bassiana @ 5 kg ha-1 in plant row with FYM (250 kg ha-1) after 30 days of germination. While Module II used Metarhizium anisopliae instead of B. bassiana. While in farmers practices included application of chlorpyriphos 10 G @ 10 kg ha-1 with urea at initiation of pest attack. Among the evaluated two ecofriendly module and farmers practices the lowest per cent plant mortality (3.03 %) and 0.56 grub/m2 was recorded in Module II. The highest pod and halum yield 2180 and 3942 kg ha-1, yield increase over control 31.00 and 39.37 %, avoidable loss 23.67 and 28.25% was recorded in module II. The maximum (32474 Rs/ha) net realization was found in the treatment of Module II. Looking to the NICBR, the highest (1:5.35) return was obtained with the treatment of Module II followed by Module I (1:2.93).
Retraction Notice - The Journal of Phytopharmacology
Authors: Rashmi  , Gupta Pankaj
Published: September 2021

The following article is being withdrawn.Rashmi*, Pankaj Gupta. In vitro anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative potential of roots extract of Euphorbia hirta Linn. The Journal of Phytopharmacology, 2021;10(1):7-9. DOI: 10.31254/phyto.2021.10102Editor,The Journal of Phytopharmacology
Predictors of well-being and burnout: the case of female professional footballers in the Netherlands
Authors:   School of Psychology, University of Guildford, UK, Mason Dr. Oliver
Published: September 2021

Background: Little is known about well-being and burnout in female professional soccer. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to delineate and predict these outcomes in female players in the Netherlands. Study design/setting: A cross-sectional study using validated self-report instruments assessed the basic emotional needs, work-life balance, coaching support and wellbeing/burnout in female professional football players. Materials and Methods: 67 players from across all nine Dutch Eredivisie league clubs completed a range of self-report measures. These assessed perceived coach autonomy support, work-life conflict, basic needs (for autonomy, competence and relatedness), subjective vitality and burnout on scales specific to elite athletes. Statistics/Results: These suggested that the environment in terms of coaching is broadly supportive for most individuals and is not leading to burnout and poor wellbeing across the sample. A minority of players were nevertheless identified to have significantly poor wellbeing and high levels of burnout. Conclusion: Consistent with basic need theory, poor wellbeing was predicted by several unmet needs, while burnout was predicted by both work-life conflict and unmet needs. There are clear implications that female professionals frequently experience high levels of work-life conflict
Figure bjelina
Authors: Košćak Nikola
Published: September 2021

Stylistics and rhetoric have always neglected stylogenic procedures associated with the writing level of the language message, procedures based on manipulating the spacing between the words remaining peripheral even in one of the most elaborate overviews of the figures of writing, that of the German rhetorician H. F. Plett, who displays a series of procedures the basis of which is playing of graphemes (or graphs), punctuation and spelling signs. The method of this research will be inspired by the research of Plett, who divides and defines the graphemic figures (as he calls the processes known as figures of writing) by the addition, subtraction, permutation, substitution and equivalence of individual elements of the writing. According to these operations, five subtypes of these figures will be identified and exemplified: the addition, subtraction, permutation, substitution and equivalence figures of spacing, depending on whether any conventional record is modified by adding, omission or displacement of spacing, by replacing spacing with any other means of writing, or about whether any equivalence of the methods of manipulating the spacing between the word within a record is shown. The corpus consists of examples from the Croatian advertising, journalistic and literary discourse, also including examples from other contexts, in order to address the omnipresence of these figures in contemporary culture.
Managing the toll of sex work with bounded agency: Perspectives of ex-sex workers
Authors: Turcotte Mathilde , Lanctôt Nadine
Published: September 2021

The present study builds upon qualitative narratives of ex-sex workers to explore if these women felt they had maintained a positive sense of self during involvement in sex work and, if so, how. Specific objectives were to identify strategies they used to protect their self-concept and better understand the challenges they faced in their efforts to keep sex work within their comfort zone. Fourteen participants were recruited in six different cities from the province of Quebec (Canada) and interviewed twice in 2016. Findings suggest that women were very aware of the effects sex work could have on their self-concept because of the stigma surrounding it, but also because of ambivalent experiences with clients and pimps. As a result, they used various strategies to protect their sense of self, the main one being the making and following of rules that govern sex work activities. Yet, our findings show that the protective quality of these self-concept protection strategies is limited, as women observed that they compromised with personal boundaries at various occasions during their pathways. They made strong associations between these compromises and a progressive fragilization of their sense of self.
Association between initial symptoms and subsequent hospitalization in outpatients with COVID-19: A cohort study
Authors: Zhabokritsky Alice , Daneman Nick , MacPhee Scott , Estrada-Codecido Jose , Santoro Aimee , Kit Chan Adrienne , Wai-Hei Lam Philip , Simor Andrew , Allen Leis Jerome , Mubareka Samira , Andany Nisha
Published: September 2021

Background: Most individuals with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) experience mild symptoms and are managed in the outpatient setting. The aim of this study was to determine whether self-reported symptoms at the time of diagnosis can identify patients at risk of clinical deterioration. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of 671 outpatients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 diagnosed in Toronto between March 1 and October 16, 2020. We examined the association between patients’ baseline characteristics and self-reported symptoms at the time of diagnosis and the risk of subsequent hospitalization. Results: Of 671 participants, 26 (3.9%) required hospitalization. Individuals aged 65 years or older were more likely to require hospitalization (odds ratio [OR] 5.29, 95% CI 2.19 to 12.77), whereas those without medical comorbidities were unlikely to be hospitalized (OR 0.02, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.17). After adjusting for age and presence of comorbidities, sputum production (adjusted OR [aOR] 5.01, 95% CI 1.97 to 12.75), arthralgias (aOR 4.82, 95% CI 1.85 to 12.53), diarrhea (aOR 4.56, 95% CI 1.82 to 11.42), fever (aOR 3.64, 95% CI 1.50 to 8.82), chills (aOR 3.62, 95% CI 1.54 to 8.50), and fatigue (aOR 2.59, 95% CI 1.04 to 6.47) were associated with subsequent hospitalization. Conclusions: Early assessment of symptoms among outpatients with COVID-19 can help identify individuals at risk of clinical deterioration. Additional studies are needed to determine whether more intense follow-up and early intervention among high-risk individuals can alter the clinical trajectory of and outcomes among outpatients with COVID-19.
Enterococcus gallinarum endophthalmitis and meningitis in an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant patient: A case report and literature review
Authors: Friedman Daniel ZP , Chesdachai Supavit , Shweta FNU , Mahmood Maryam
Published: September 2021

Endogenous endophthalmitis caused by Enterococcus gallinarum, an organism with intrinsic resistance to vancomycin, has rarely been reported. We present a case of persistent E. gallinarum bacteremia in a female recipient of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) complicated by endophthalmitis and meningoventriculitis, resulting in a fatal outcome despite treatment with intravenous ampicillin and daptomycin. Treatment of endophthalmitis often presents a challenge due to the lack of options for antimicrobials with reliable ocular penetration. Therapeutic decisions can become particularly complex with the involvement of drug-resistant pathogens and host characteristics that limit the choice of antimicrobials due to drug toxicity. This case illustrates a rare manifestation of an opportunistic pathogen.
Les premières maisons shoebox montréalaises de Rosemont et de Villeray
Authors: Gaudreau Guy
Published: September 2021

S'appuyant principalement sur les registres fonciers, les plans d'assurance incendie et les rôles des valeurs locatives de la ville de Montréal, cet article prend le relais d'une note de recherche publiée récemment par l'auteur dans cette revue. Le texte présente les maisons de type shoebox construites dans les quartiers Rosemont et Villeray et démontre que celles érigées à l'ouverture de ces quartiers, au début du XXe siècle, étaient principalement le fait de promettants-acquéreurs, c'est-à-dire d'individus qui, ayant obtenu des promesses de vente de la part des sociétés immobilières, ont pu ainsi mettre la main sur des lots à bâtir. Ces promesses de vente qui exigeaient un versement initial de quelques dollars pour accéder à la propriété ont permis notamment à de simples journaliers d'ériger sur leur lot de modestes et fort originales maisons. Par ailleurs, un coup d'œil sur celles construites au tournant des années 1920 dans ces mêmes quartiers démontre l'existence d'une autre catégorie de shoebox qui ne seraient plus l'apanage des plus humbles de la classe ouvrière.