bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extreme Rarefaction of Solar Wind: A Study on Origin and Characteristics Using Ulysses Observations
Authors: Hajra Rajkumar , Tsurutani Bruce T. , Lu Quanming , Shan Lican , Du Aimin , Wang Rongsheng , Lu San , Gao Xinliang
Published: September 2023

From the Ulysses observation of the solar wind between the heliocentric distance r

h
of ∼1.0 and ∼5.4 au during 1990–2009, we identified 53 intervals when the solar wind exhibited extreme rarefaction, ∼2 orders of magnitude decreases in the solar wind proton density N

p
from their ambient values. These extremely low-density solar wind (ELDSW) events, characterized by an average (median) N

p
of ∼0.28 ± 0.09 (∼0.30) cm−3, ram pressure of ∼0.07 ± 0.04 (∼0.07 nPa) and mass flux of ∼166 ± 84 (∼159) 10−22 kg cm−2 s−1 all normalized to 1 au, have an average (median) duration of ∼6.0 ± 3.5 days (∼5.5 days), and radial extent of ∼1.9 ± 1.1 au (∼1.9 au). A clear hemispheric asymmetry is noted in their solar/interplanetary origin, with 70% being identified in the south hemisphere, and 30% in the north hemisphere of the heliosphere. About 23% of the events were encountered between r

h
of 2.25 and 4 au, and 77% at r

h
> 4 au, indicating that these are not intrinsic properties of the Sun/solar corona but are created by the evolution of the solar wind with increasing radial distance from the Sun. The majority (49%) of the events occurred during magnetic clouds, 34% in solar wind high-speed stream (HSS) tails, 11% during the proper HSSs, and 6% during interplanetary sheaths. The identification of ELDSWs will have important consequences for their interaction with the magnetospheres of Jupiter and Saturn.
Autriche. 20 e congrès de l’ÖGB et changement climatique vers un syndicalisme de transformation sociale ?
Authors: Guillas-Cavan Kevin
Published: September 2023

Résumé Au cours de son 20e congrès, la Confédération autrichienne des syndicats s’est emparée pour la première fois de la question du changement climatique. D’ordinaire, elle laisse de tels développements au Parti social-démocrate, mais l’affaiblissement des liens historiques entre la confédération et le parti explique ce changement majeur. La réflexion syndicale dans le domaine écologique repose sur trois piliers : une sécurisation des trajectoires professionnelles des travailleurs, la propriété publique des entreprises stratégiques et un très fort développement du logement social.
Allemagne. Les nouvelles mesures gouvernementales pour renforcer la participation des femmes au marché du travail : un défi impossible ?
Authors: Fagnani Jeanne
Published: September 2023

Résumé En Allemagne, les entreprises et les services publics se heurtent à des pénuries de personnel qualifié et à des difficultés croissantes de recrutement. La coalition gouvernementale dirigée par le chancelier Scholz a donc adopté des mesures en 2022-2023 pour inciter les femmes – en particulier les mères –, très nombreuses à travailler à temps partiel ou qui occupent des emplois précaires à s’investir davantage dans leur vie professionnelle. Ces mesures restent toutefois insuffisantes face aux obstacles structurels qui réduisent les chances d’une plus importante participation des femmes au marché du travail.
Robust equilibrium reinsurance and investment strategy for the insurer and reinsurer under weighted mean-variance criterion
Authors: Su Yiming , Liu Haiyan , Chen Mi
Published: September 2023

This paper investigates the time-consistent robust optimal reinsurance problem for the insurer and reinsurer under weighted objective criteria. The joint objective criterion is obtained by weighting the mean-variance objectives of both the insurer and reinsurer. Specifically, we assume that the net claim process is approximated by a diffusion model, and the insurer can purchase proportional reinsurance from the reinsurer. The insurer adopts the loss-dependent premium principle considering historical claims, while the reinsurance contract still uses the expected premium principle due to information asymmetry. Both the insurer and reinsurer can invest in risk-free assets and risky assets, where the risky asset price is described by the constant elasticity of variance model. Additionally, the ambiguity-averse insurer and ambiguity-averse reinsurer worry about the uncertainty of parameter estimation in the model, therefore, we obtain a robust optimization objective through the robust control method. By solving the corresponding extended Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation, we derive the time-consistent robust equilibrium reinsurance and investment strategy and corresponding value function. Finally, we examined the impact of various parameters on the robust equilibrium strategy through numerical examples.
Malware Forensics
Authors: Babu C. V. Suresh , Suruthi G. , Indhumathi C.
Published: September 2023

Malware continues to plague all organizations causing data loss and reputational damage. Malware forensics helps protect companies from such attacks. The data is going to be organized in a manner that covers the multiple malware attacks, the methods for detecting them, and then makes a suggestion for a tool that is comparable but also equivalent to reach the attacker. Considering that the concept signifies that malware forensics will be performed using a variety of tools and techniques, a procedure will be followed in order to get the desired outcome. This chapter discusses these issues in detail with an intensive literature review and feasible recommendations and suggestions.
Linguistic and Cultural Competence at Hospital Discharge
Authors: Austad Kirsten , Jack Brian W.
Published: September 2023

Hospital discharge is one of the most vulnerable moments in a patient's experience of care. One relatively unexplored area to improving transitions of care is how to meet the needs of diverse populations in a growing multicultural world. The intersectionality of language, race, ethnicity, and culture adds an additional layer of complexity to the hospital discharge process and raises the already high risk of communication failures. This article aims to review the role of language, race, ethnicity, and culture during the hospital discharge process; to discuss potential solutions to improve discharge outcomes amongst diverse populations; and to identify priority areas for future research.
Effects of the Full-Body in-Bed Gym program on quality of life, pain and risk of sarcopenia in elderly sedentary individuals: preliminary positive results of a Padua prospective observational study
Authors: Maccarone Maria Chiara , Caregnato Allegra , Regazzo Gianluca , Carriero Alessandra , Casellato Giacomo , Finamoni Claudia , Jirillo Rossella , Laskova Olena , Marigo Elena , Sánchez Daniela Yolanda , Seno Irene , Venturin Chiara , Veronese Hillary , Ravara Barbara , Giurati Walter , Carraro Ugo , Masiero Stefano
Published: September 2023

Age-related muscle loss poses a significant health concern in an aging population. This study aimed to assess the impact of a home Full-Body in-Bed Gym protocol on quality of life, pain and risk of sarcopenia in elderly subjects. A total of 22 subjects with a median age of 71.90 years were included in the study. Patients participating in the Full-Body in-Bed Gym program, with a frequency of three times a week for two months, demonstrated a significant enhancement in their quality of life, as indicated by the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) Mental Component Summary (p = 0.04), and an improvement in pain levels (p = 0.03). Although not statistically significant, there was also an improvement in sarcopenia risk. Patients were given the freedom to decide whether to continue treatment after the evaluation of outcomes. Patient compliance with the exercise protocol over six months indicated its feasibility and sustainability, even in the long term. These findings suggest that the Full-Body in-Bed Gym protocol may play a valuable role in mitigating age-related muscle loss, emphasizing the importance of further investigation into such rehabilitation and prevention strategies.
Predictive model for diabetes mellitus occurrence in Iran’s southeastern region: a study based on American diabetes association guidelines
Authors: Khoshnazar Seyedeh Mahdieh , Najafipour Hamid , SoltaniNejad Lida , Pezeshki Sara , Yousefzadeh Gholamreza
Published: September 2023

To control diabetes in a society, risk assessment tools are used to predict disease risk. We aimed to assess the value of different risk factors for diabetes mellitus in a remarkable community in the city of Kerman, one of the vast areas in the southeast of Iran, with the final goal of designing a predictive model for diabetes in this region. This study was a cross-sectional study with the aim of investigating the predictive value of risk factors indicating the presence of diabetes in the population of Kerman City based on the guidelines of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) risk assessment tool. The information of 4000 people participating in the comprehensive screening plan for cardiovascular risk factors in Kerman City was extracted by reviewing the relevant data registry. According to the ADA guideline, 32.5% of participants were at risk for diabetes mellitus. The hazard ratio of diabetes mellitus in the subgroup with the ADA final score ≥5 as compared to those with a lower final score was 1.9. Advanced age, history of gestational diabetes, family history of diabetes mellitus, history of hypertension, low physical activity, and higher body mass index were the main determinants of diabetes mellitus. According to ADA guidelines and the diabetes mellitus risk assessment tool, 32.5% of the population residents in Kerman City are potentially at risk for diabetes mellitus that can be successfully predicted aide by the ADA risk assessment tool.
Efficacy and Safety of Evogliptin Add-on Therapy to Dapagliflozin/Metformin Combinations in Patients with Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A 24-Week Multicenter Randomized Placebo-Controlled Parallel-Design Phase-3 Trial with a 28-Week Extension
Authors: Moon Jun Sung , Park Il Rae , Kim Hae Jin , Chung Choon Hee , Won Kyu Chang , Han Kyung Ah , Park Cheol-Young , Won Jong Chul , Kim Dong Jun , Koh Gwan Pyo , Kim Eun Sook , Yu Jae Myung , Hong Eun-Gyoung , Lee Chang Beom , Yoon Kun-Ho
Published: September 2023

Background: This study investigates the long-term efficacy and safety of evogliptin add-on therapy in patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) previously received dapagliflozin and metformin (DAPA/MET) combination.Methods: In this multicenter randomized placebo-controlled phase 3 trial, patients with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels 7.0% to 10.5% (n=283) previously used DAPA 10 mg plus MET (≥1,000 mg) were randomly assigned to the evogliptin 5 mg once daily or placebo group (1:1). The primary endpoint was the difference in the HbA1c level from baseline at week 24, and exploratory endpoints included the efficacy and safety of evogliptin over 52 weeks (trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04170998).Results: Evogliptin add-on to DAPA/MET therapy was superior in HbA1c reduction compared to placebo at weeks 24 and 52 (least square [LS] mean difference, –0.65% and –0.55%; 95% confidence interval [CI], –0.79 to –0.51 and –0.71 to –0.39; P<0.0001). The proportion of patients achieving HbA1c <7% was higher in the triple combination group at week 52 (32.14% vs. 8.51% in placebo; odds ratio, 5.62; P<0.0001). Evogliptin significantly reduced the fasting glucose levels and mean daily glucose levels with improvement in homeostatic model assessment of β-cell function (LS mean difference, 9.04; 95% CI, 1.86 to 16.21; P=0.0138). Adverse events were similar between the groups, and no serious adverse drug reactions were reported in the evogliptin group.Conclusion: Long-term triple combination with evogliptin added to DAPA/MET showed superior HbA1c reduction and glycemic control compared to placebo at 52 weeks and was well tolerated.
2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Mellitus of the Korean Diabetes Association
Authors: Choi Jong Han , Lee Kyung Ae , Moon Joon Ho , Chon Suk , Kim Dae Jung , Kim Hyun Jin , Kim Nan Hee , Seo Ji A , Kim Mee Kyoung , Lim Jeong Hyun , Song YoonJu , Yang Ye Seul , Kim Jae Hyeon , Lee You-Bin , Noh Junghyun , Hur Kyu Yeon , Park Jong Suk , Rhee Sang Youl , Kim Hae Jin , Kim Hyun Min , Ko Jung Hae , Kim Nam Hoon , Kim Chong Hwa , Ahn Jeeyun , Oh Tae Jung , Kim Soo-Kyung , Kim Jaehyun , Han Eugene , Jin Sang-Man , Choi Won Suk , Moon Min Kyong ,   Committee of Clinical Practice Guidelines,   Korean Diabetes Association
Published: September 2023

In May 2023, the Committee of Clinical Practice Guidelines of the Korean Diabetes Association published the revised clinical practice guidelines for Korean adults with diabetes and prediabetes. We incorporated the latest clinical research findings through a comprehensive systematic literature review and applied them in a manner suitable for the Korean population. These guidelines are designed for all healthcare providers nationwide, including physicians, diabetes experts, and certified diabetes educators who manage patients with diabetes or individuals at risk of developing diabetes. Based on recent changes in international guidelines and the results of a Korean epidemiological study, the recommended age for diabetes screening has been lowered. In collaboration with the relevant Korean medical societies, recently revised guidelines for managing hypertension and dyslipidemia in patients with diabetes have been incorporated into this guideline. An abridgment containing practical information on patient education and systematic management in the clinic was published separately.
Blood-brain barrier pathology in cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: Jia Ruxue , Solé-Guardia Gemma , Kiliaan Amanda J.
Published: September 2023

Cerebral small vessel disease is a neurological disease that affects the brain microvasculature and which is commonly observed among the elderly. Although at first it was considered innocuous, small vessel disease is nowadays regarded as one of the major vascular causes of dementia. Radiological signs of small vessel disease include small subcortical infarcts, white matter magnetic resonance imaging hyperintensities, lacunes, enlarged perivascular spaces, cerebral microbleeds, and brain atrophy; however, great heterogeneity in clinical symptoms is observed in small vessel disease patients. The pathophysiology of these lesions has been linked to multiple processes, such as hypoperfusion, defective cerebrovascular reactivity, and blood-brain barrier dysfunction. Notably, studies on small vessel disease suggest that blood-brain barrier dysfunction is among the earliest mechanisms in small vessel disease and might contribute to the development of the hallmarks of small vessel disease. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to provide a new foundation in the study of small vessel disease pathology. First, we discuss the main structural domains and functions of the blood-brain barrier. Secondly, we review the most recent evidence on blood-brain barrier dysfunction linked to small vessel disease. Finally, we conclude with a discussion on future perspectives and propose potential treatment targets and interventions.
Developing a diagnostic model for predicting prostate cancer: a retrospective study based on Chinese multicenter clinical data
Authors: Wang Chang-Ming , Yuan Lei , Liu Xue-Han , Chen Shu-Qiu , Wang Hai-Feng , Dong Qi-Fei , Zhang Bin , Huang Ming-Shuo , Zhang Zhi-Yong , Xiao Jun , Tao Tao
Published: September 2023

The overdiagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) caused by nonspecific elevation serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and the overtreatment of indolent PCa have become a global problem that needs to be solved urgently. We aimed to construct a prediction model and provide a risk stratification system to reduce unnecessary biopsies. In this retrospective study, clinical data of 1807 patients from three Chinese hospitals were used. The final model was built using stepwise logistic regression analysis. The apparent performance of the model was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis. Finally, a risk stratification system of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) was created, and diagnosis-free survival analyses were performed. Following multivariable screening and evaluation of the diagnostic performances, a final diagnostic model comprised of the PSA density and Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) score was established. Model validation in the development cohort and two external cohorts showed excellent discrimination and calibration. Finally, we created a risk stratification system using risk thresholds of 0.05 and 0.60 as the cut-off values. The follow-up results indicated that the diagnosis-free survival rate for csPCa at 12 months and 24 months postoperatively was 99.7% and 99.4%, respectively, for patients with a risk threshold below 0.05 after the initial negative prostate biopsy, which was significantly better than patients with higher risk. Our diagnostic model and risk stratification system can achieve a personalized risk calculation of csPCa. It provides a standardized tool for Chinese patients and physicians when considering the necessity of prostate biopsy.
Florid Cemento-osseous Dysplasia Associated with Secondary Infection - A Case Report
Authors: Demyati Abrar Khalid
Published: September 2023

Rationale:

The term cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD) refers to a bony fibro-osseous lesion, in which fibrous tissue and cementum-like tissue replace normal bone. There are three types of COD: periapical, focal and florid. The condition is usually asymptomatic and treatment is unnecessary; however, a secondary infection could occur, which requires treatment.

Patient Concern:

A 58-year-old female patient presented with symptoms in the mandibular posterior region of the right jaw for six months.

Diagnosis:

Infected florid COD (FCOD).

Treatment:

A pre-operative antibiotic, followed by extraction of non-restorable teeth, debridement of the infected tissue and necrotic bone removal.

Outcome:

The patient was followed for one year, during which all previously reported signs and symptoms were resolved.

Take-away Lessons:

Early lesion detection is essential. Treatment depends on the presence or absence of clinical and radiographic manifestations. The current case was treated surgically to minimise complications.
Glycogen synthase kinase-3β mediates toll-like receptors 4/nuclear factor kappa-B-activated cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through regulation of fat mass and obesity-associated protein
Authors: Xu Kaiwei , Du Wenwen , Zhuang Xiuxiu , Liang Dongdong , Mo Yunchang , Wang Junlu
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:

Glycogen synthase kinase-3b (GSK3β), fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO), and toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) take on critical significance in different biological processes, whereas their interactions remain unclear. The objective was the investigation of the interaction effect in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury.

METHODS:

The function of the cerebral cortex in the mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model (each group n = 6) and P12 cells oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model was analyzed using short hairpin GSK3β lentivirus and overexpression of FTO lentivirus (in vitro), TLR4 inhibitor (TAK242), and LiCl to regulate GSK3β, FTO, TLR4 expression, and GSK3β activity, respectively.

RESULTS:

After GSK3β knockdown in the OGD/R model of PC12 cells, the levels of TLR4 and p-p65 were lower than in the control, and the level of FTO was higher than in the control. Knockdown GSK3β reversed the OGD/R-induced nuclear factor kappa-B transfer to the intranuclear nuclei. As indicated by the result, TLR4 expression was down-regulated by overexpressed FTO, and TLR4 expression was up-regulated notably after inhibition of FTO with the use of R-2HG. After the inhibition of the activity of GSK3β in vivo, the reduction of FTO in mice suffering from MCAO was reversed.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our research shows that GSK3β/FTO/TLR4 pathway contributes to cerebral I/R injury.
Simultaneous Acute Occlusion of Right and Anterior Descending Coronary Arteries in Acute Myocardial Infarction in a Young Man
Authors: Ma Huan , Guo Lan
Published: September 2023

We report a case of a 36-year-old male presented with symptoms of chest pain and the electrocardiographic evidence of ST-segment elevation in inferior and anterior leads. An emergent coronary angiogram showed that both the distal right and mid left descending coronary arteries were totally occluded. Both arteries were successfully ballooned and stented. Multiple cases of simultaneous coronary occlusion have been reported, but the mechanism was still not well understood. In this case, the man had neither coronary risk factors nor positive family history. The laboratory studies revealed a decreased serum-free protein S.
“Broken Heart Syndrome” Cardiovascular Manifestations of Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Padilla-Zambrano Huber S. , Garcia-Ballestas Ezequiel , Rojas Alexis Narvaez , Moscote-Salazar Luis Rafael , Ghosh Amrita , Pal Ranabir , Agrawal Amit
Published: September 2023

Cardiovascular dysfunction frequently complicates outcomes of traumatic brain injury (TBI), resulting in higher morbidity and mortality. TBI results in dysfunctions of the autonomic nervous system (mediated by catecholamines), altered systemic circulation homeostasis medicated by neurogenic stimuli, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic abnormities, and change in serum cardiac enzyme levels (not attributed to primary cardiac pathology). The present review attempts to find cardiovascular alterations following TBI, management to these patients, and their outcome.
Combination between Dunbar Syndrome and May–Thurner Syndrome: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Farina Renato , Galioto Federica , Castiglione Davide , Basile Antonio
Published: September 2023

Dunbar syndrome (DS) and May–Thurner syndrome (MTS) are part of a group of rare vascular disorders known as “vascular compression syndromes.” Dunbar’s syndrome is caused by the median arcuate ligament of diaphragm, which, due to an abnormal course, causes celiac artery compression. MTS is caused by the left common iliac vein compression pushed against the spine by the right common iliac artery causing progressive flow congestion and leading to thrombosis. Ultrasound is the first-level examination for the diagnosis of these rare pathologies and allows to recognize vascular compressions and to obtain an estimate of stenosis degree. We describe a very rare case of DS and MTS combination in a young man with postprandial pain and left lower limb thrombosis.
Megacystis in the First Trimester as an Unreported Sonographic Finding of Alveolar Capillary Dysplasia with Misalignment of Pulmonary Veins Confirmed by Whole-exome Sequencing
Authors: Yang Yan-Dong , Li Dong-Zhi
Published: September 2023

A pregnant woman was revealed to have fetal univentricular heart and megacystis by a routine first-trimester ultrasound. Chorionic villus sampling with the use of karyotyping and microarray found no causative etiologies. A further investigation with whole-exome sequencing (WES) demonstrated a FOXF1 variant. Autopsy confirmed the prenatal findings, and a histological study of the lungs showed the characteristic features of alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of pulmonary veins (ACDMPV). This study indicates that although ultrasound itself has no ability of the identification of pulmonary histological malformations associated with ACDMPV, the early markers of univentricular heart and megacystis might alert clinicians to consider this genetic disorder which is facilitated considerably by the increasingly used WES in prenatal diagnosis.
Shear-wave Elastography of Palatine Tonsils: A Normative Study in Children
Authors: Aydin Sonay , Senbil Duzgun Can , Karavas Erdal , Kadirhan Ozlem , Kantarci Mecit
Published: September 2023

Background:

Shear-wave elastography (SWE) was used to determine normal elasticity values of palatine tonsils (PTs) in children and adolescents who did not have any health problem, and the relationship between these values and various parameters influencing this result was examined.

Methods:

The current prospective study has been approved by the local Institutional Review Board. Our study included 122 people aged 2–18 years. SWE values for both PTs, as well as gender, age, and body mass index (BMI), were recorded. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used to determine whether the data had a normal distribution. Numerical variables with a normal distribution are reported as mean ± standard deviation, while variables with a nonnormal distribution are reported as medians with minimum and maximum values. Numbers and percentages are used to report categorical variables.

Results:

The study group’s average age was 10.77 ± 4.35 years. The mean SWE values were 9.89 ± 2.494 kPa for the right PT and 9.57 ± 2.631 kPa for the left PT. Both PT volumes were found to be 1.6 ± 0.9 mm3. There was no significant correlation between the SWE values obtained and age, height, weight, and BMI. Tonsil dimensions show a positive correlation with age, height, weight, and BMI.

Conclusion:

PT dimensions have a positive correlation with age, height, weight, and BMI, but not with SWE values. SWE may be a reliable diagnostic criterion independent of anthropometric values.
Imperatives of Mathematical Model of Arterial Blood Dynamics for Interpretation of Doppler Velocimetry: A Narrative Review
Authors: Abubakar Umar , Ugwu Anthony Chukwuka , Mbah Godwin Christopher Ezike , Tivde Tertsegha , Sidi Mohammed , Luntsi Geofery , Ochie Kalu , Ali Alhaji Modu , Mohammed Anas
Published: September 2023

Clinicians frequently study arterial Doppler velocimetric waveforms depicted by Doppler sonography of the kidneys, the heart, the brain, and the feto-maternal circulation to assess the well-being of the aforementioned vital organs. The waveform interpretation of the Doppler indices can be studied using a mathematical model. The developed models serve as teaching tools and for easy comprehension of the regulatory mechanism of the organs. It will also obtain accurate wall shear stress (WSS) and likely atherosclerotic sites can be predicted early. The aim of this review is to reveal the imperatives of mathematical models in the study of the physical interpretation of Doppler velocimetry. The models will explore sonographic Doppler velocimetry and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in determining the segments of the arteries that are prone to the development of atheromatous plaque. It will be achieved by comparing and computing the measurement differences of the WSS. A thorough literature review was carried out between 1971 and 2021 on the mathematical modeling of blood dynamics and Doppler velocimetry of different blood vessels, across various electronic databases including NC AHEC Digital Library, PUBMED, ERIC, MEDLINE, Free Medical Journals, and EMBASE. The results of the literature search were presented using the PRISMA flow chat. The narrative review of the mathematical models of arterial blood dynamics is based on incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, the Windkessel model, and CFD. It was deduced that the blood flow velocity decreased with time across the varying frequency from 0.2Hz to 0.50Hz in the interlobar arterial channels. The review also revealed that adult humans’ Doppler indices of the renal-interlobar artery agree with developed models of renal interlobar arterial blood dynamics. The mathematical model measurements of the great vessels matched the sonographic Doppler velocimetry with <15% variation. In our fast-paced world of epidemiological transition, the imperatives of mathematical modeling of arterial flow dynamics based on the Navier–Stokes equations to represent various physiologic and pathologic situations cannot be overstated. The practical consequences include the possibility of mathematical models to acquire precise WSS distribution and early detection of potential atherosclerotic sites during cardiovascular Doppler sonography.
Mono-dysplasia Score Based on Automated Cell Counter (Sysmex) – A Novel Parameter for Differentiating Reactive Monocytosis from Hematological Malignancies
Authors: Moule Priyanka , Langer Sabina , Gupta Nitin , Kotwal Jyoti
Published: September 2023

INTRODUCTION:

In India, there is a high burden of infections such as tuberculosis, dengue, and malaria which are common causes of monocytosis. This increases the workload of smear examination by the pathologist. “Mono-dysplasia score” is obtained with a simple complete blood count on an automated cell counter and includes the parameters neutrophil (Ne) and monocyte (Mo) count and Ne-WX which is a Ne dispersion parameter. It is operator independent, objective, and does not require a high level of expertise.

AIMS:

The aims of the study were to assess the utility of Monoscore/mono-dysplasia score calculated using research parameters of Sysmex XN automated cell counter, as a screening tool for differentiating reactive monocytosis from hematological malignancies associated with monocytosis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Samples sent in EDTA vacutainer for routine hemogram fulling the criteria for monocytosis (WHO criteria – absolute monocyte count ≥1 × 109/L and accounting for ≥10% of the total white blood cell count) were included in the study. Monoscore was calculated using the formula established by Schillinger et al. Flow cytometry, bone marrow examination, etc., were done as and when needed as standard-of-care tests to establish a final diagnosis.

RESULTS:

One thousand two hundred and fifty-seven samples were analyzed out of which 41 samples were chronic myelomonocytic leukemia and 126 were other hematological malignancies (HD) including acute leukemias, myelodysplastic syndrome, myeloproliferative neoplasm, etc. Using receiver operating characteristics curves, we established the cutoff 0.212 which showed a sensitivity of 97.6% and specificity of 96.4% to differentiated reactive monocytosis form HD.

CONCLUSIONS:

A sample showing monocytosis and Monoscore <0.212 and without any other flags can be safely auto-authorized without peripheral blood smears examination, reducing the burden of slides to be reviewed.
Fatal podophyllin poisoning with multi-organ toxicity: A case report
Authors: Sarangi Bhakti U. , Jadhav Shridhar , Walimbe Ajay , Reddy Manikiran , Gawhale Siddhi , Priya R. Hema
Published: September 2023

Accidental poisoning with household products is one of the leading causes of involuntary injuries among children in low- and middle-income countries. Podophyllin poisoning is a rare and potentially fatal occurrence. The podophyllotoxin is a lipid-soluble cytotoxic compound with no antidote and its toxicity includes life-threatening neurological and multisystem complications. We report a case of a 2-year-old girl with accidental podophyllin poisoning causing multi-organ dysfunction who did not survive despite timely aggressive support and explore the possibility of early use of activated charcoal and role of extra-corporeal therapies such as hemoperfusion as a life-saving measure in such situations.
Comparing outcomes of venovenous versus venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in neonatal and pediatric respiratory failure: A retrospective review of Extracorporeal Life Support Organization registry
Authors: Furlong-Dillard Jamie M. , Feygin Yana B. , Reeder Ron W. , Wilson Johnna S. , Blauvelt David G. , Todd-Tzanetos Deanna R. , Carter Stewart R. , Alexander Peta M. A. , Bailly David K.
Published: September 2023

Background:

The ideal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) modality choice (venoarterial [VA] versus venovenous [VV]) for a primary respiratory reason is complex and multifactorial. There is an increasing need to identify the ideal (VV vs. VA) support modality in this population. The objective of this study was to compare survival outcomes of subjects with respiratory failure who could have received VV or VA ECMO.

Subjects and Methods:

Children ≤20 kg requiring ECMO for respiratory indications from January 2015 to December 2019 were identified retrospectively from the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization registry. To identify a cohort eligible for VV, we excluded subjects receiving cardiac support therapies and included only those receiving mechanical ventilation with a positive end expiratory pressure ≥10 or high frequency oscillatory ventilation or had a PaO2/FiO2 ratio ≤200 or an oxygenation index ≥16. Subjects were grouped by initial cannulation strategy. Statistical approach utilized doubly robust propensity weighted logistic regression and primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge.

Results:

Of 1686 VV candidates, 871 underwent VV and 815 VA ECMO for a respiratory indication. VV ECMO was associated with higher survival (odds ratio: 1.57; confidence interval: 1.22–2.03, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

VV ECMO selection for subjects with respiratory failure was associated with lower mortality in small pediatric and neonatal patients.
Using Games as an Effective Intervention for Supporting Families Living with Dementia
Authors: Liu Noreena
Published: September 2023

This paper explores the role of games in supporting dementia family caregivers during the pre- and early stages of the disease. It provides a comprehensive review of existing studies that focus on support mechanisms for both dementia patients and their caregivers, with a specific emphasis on games designed for this purpose. This paper outlines a research study conducted in two experiments. The first experiment involved conducting separate focus groups to explore how technology can assist older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath. Group A consisted of 9 participants from the UK, while Group B comprised 8 participants from Taiwan. The aim was to gather insights and perspectives from different cultural contexts. The second experiment of the study involved testing games with dementia family caregivers to assess their effectiveness and identify areas for refinement and improvement. A total of 20 participants took part in this experiment. By conducting focus groups and game testing with participants from different regions, this research aimed to gather diverse perspectives and insights, enhancing the validity and applicability of the findings. The findings of this project extend beyond the scope of dementia care and have implications for addressing various long-term health conditions. Games platforms have the potential to serve as effective tools for supporting communities that provide care for individuals with dementia. They offer opportunities for promoting self-understanding, accessing relevant resources, and facilitating informed decision-making within the context of health journeys.
Early Alzheimer’s Disease Detection Using Deep Learning
Authors: Lokesh Kokkula , Challa Nagendra Panini , Satwik Abbaraju Sai , Kiran Jinka Chandra , Kumar Rao Narendra , Naseeba Beebi
Published: September 2023

The early detection of Alzheimer's disease, a neurodegenerative ailment that affects both cognitive and social functioning, can be accomplished using deep learning technology. Deep learning is more accurate and efficient than human diagnosis in detecting functional connectivity and changes in the brain networks of people with MCI. Early detection of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) can reduce the disease's development. However, achieving high accuracy levels is difficult due to the dearth of reliable biomarkers. The dataset was picked up from the Kaggle database. It contains magnetic resonance images of the brain, each image being unique and in different stages of the disease for classification purpose for our project, as it was most suitable for our project’s needs. We developed a deep learning model using learning AZ net, Dense net, Resnet, Efficient Net and Inception Net with a maximum accuracy of 99.96% for classifying Alzheimer's disease stages and early detection using transfer learning and other approaches.
A Big Data Survey on Lower Extremity Injuries and Prevention of Athletic Students in General Colleges and Universities
Authors: Shang Yunxiang
Published: September 2023

INTRODUCTION: Athletics is trendy; many events rely heavily on lower body coordination. With the development of track and field, lower extremity injuries in track and field also occur frequently. In general colleges and universities, lower limb injuries in track and field not only affect students' physical and mental health but also affect students' daily life and Training.
OBJECTIVES: This paper examines the causes of lower limb injuries in students and suggests measures and recommendations for preventing lower limb injuries to increase the importance of lower limb injuries and reduce the rate of lower limb injuries in students.
METHODS: Combined with big data, the linear regression model was used, along with the literature method, questionnaire survey method and logical analysis method, to investigate the lower limb injuries of track and field students in general colleges and universities and analyze the survey results.
RESULTS: The following points were summarized: the lower limb injury rate of track and field students was as high as 79.03%, mainly focusing on ankles, followed by knees and joints; joint sprains dominated lower limb injuries, and the degree of injuries mainly was mild to moderate; the main factors affecting lower limb injuries included preparatory activities, technical movements, physical fitness and self-protection awareness; and the students did not have enough knowledge of and paid enough attention to the prevention of injuries.
CONCLUSION: The research in this paper can provide some references for more track and field students to help them have better careers.
A CDIO Education Model for Hospitality Management in Context of Artificial Intelligence and Informatization
Authors: Liu Langlang
Published: September 2023

INTRODUCTION: Currently, demand for travel in China remains strong, and the tourism industry continues to grow. In the post-epidemic era, China's tourism industry is recovering and prospering, which also means that the tourism industry needs talent. As the demand for talent increases, basic hotel management training is gradually becoming the most significant factor affecting the development of applied professionals.
OBJECTIVES: To enhance the development of online higher education based on the Internet in China and promote the informatization of tourism management and hotel management teaching; to solve the current problems of deviation between theory and practice in hotel management majors and the inability of hotel management students to engage in related professions; and to promote the fusion of the CDIO education model and the traditional education model, and to fundamentally improve the quality of teaching in hotel management majors.
METHODS: In the study, firstly, literature research and theoretical research are used to conduct a detailed survey of CDIO education mode; then, the academic research results of CDIO are used to compare with the traditional hotel management teaching mode to summarize the problems existing in the conventional hotel management professional education; finally, information technology is measured through the empirical method to enhance the teaching and learning of hotel management.
RESULTS: There is currently a deviation between the theory and practice of online teaching in the hotel management program; the CDIO education model can better enhance hotel management teaching; and the overall understanding of on-campus practice-based learning, off-campus practice-based learning, and self-study skills of hotel management students is higher than average.
CONCLUSION: The concept and content of practice learning, the idea and standards of CDIO, the practice learning model of the Bachelor's degree in hospitality management, and the theoretical direction and feasibility of constructing a practice learning model for the Bachelor's degree in hospitality management based on CDIO theory were explored. The importance of referencing values and leadership in conjunction with progressive learning, curriculum renewal, and course design was found.
Software quality models: Exploratory review
Authors: Pinedo Lloy , Valles-Coral Miguel , Navarro-Cabrera Jorge Raul , Injante Richard , Cárdenas-García Ángel , Ruiz-Saavedra Fernando , García-Rivas-Plata Cecilia , Flores-Tananta César Augusto
Published: September 2023

INTRODUCTION: The emerging industrialization of software promotes the continuous development of new evaluation models that adapt to the product's characteristics and the organizations' needs.
OBJECTIVES: This article aims to identify the software quality models proposed between 2016 and 2020.
METHODS: We conducted an exploratory systematic review in the SciELO, IEEE Xplore, and Scopus databases, resulting in 14 research papers proposing new models for assessing software quality.
RESULTS: 79% of the research papers were extracted from IEEE Xplore, and 50% of them were authored by individuals affiliated with European institutions. We presented various software quality models focused on assessing both product quality and usability for specific purposes. Additionally, we reported that the proposed models are based on common software quality metrics standards such as CMMI, ISO/IEC 9126, and others.
CONCLUSION: The review serves to update the state of the art regarding the software quality models proposed in recent years, which will be valuable for researchers and software developers when seeking evaluation models that align with their specific needs.
Innovative Mode of English Education Based on Internet
Authors: Yan Juan
Published: September 2023

INTRODUCTION: With the deepening application of cloud computing, mobile Internet, and big data technology in education, China's education informatization presents a new trend of integration and innovation, especially in the areas of resource sharing and interconnection, online and offline integration of teaching and learning, and good management and education governance based on big data, "Internet+Education" will have a systematic change impact on education. It will systematically impact education and open new paths for developing and utilizing English curriculum resources in colleges and universities in the Internet era.OBJECTIVES: To enhance the development level of online education in China and promote the sustainable development of online English education in China; to solve the problems of rigidity and unremarkable innovation in English education mode in colleges and universities and to promote the development of the integration of Internet technology and English teaching, and to improve the level of combining the theory and practice of English online education in China.METHODS: Firstly on the use of literature theoretical research to find the necessity of the Internet's English education innovation model research and adapt to the theoretical model; secondly, through the method of questionnaires and interviews from the teachers and students of two perspectives to study the effect of the Internet-based English education innovation model; finally, the use of empirical methods to validate the level of efficiency of the Internet's English education innovation model.RESULTS: The research on the innovative model of English education based on the Internet is necessary; the result that "Internet+" education can improve the teaching effect can be obtained from both the teachers' and students' perspectives; the empirical method verifies that the efficiency of the innovative model of English education based on the Internet is higher than that of the traditional one.CONCLUSION: Most teachers and students know or have come into contact with online college English course resources, but their understanding could be better. Moreover, they have used them but have yet to have the opportunity to participate in their development, which is related to the level of teachers' and students' professional knowledge and ability and also predicts the growth and utilization of course resources by college English teachers. The comparison of teachers' and students' expectations leads to the conclusion that teachers and students in the studied universities have positive attitudes and high expectations and expect to develop and use more systematic and scientific online English course resources.
Word Embedding for Text Classification: Efficient CNN and Bi-GRU Fusion Multi Attention Mechanism
Authors: Salini Yalamanchili , Eswaraiah Poluru , Brahmam M. Veera , Sirisha Uddagiri
Published: September 2023

The proposed methodology for the task of text classification involves the utilization of a deep learning algorithm that integrates the characteristics of a fusion model. The present model is comprised of several attention-based Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Gate Recurrent Units (GRUs) that are organized in a cyclic neural network. The Efficient CNN and Bi-GRU Fusion Multi Attention Mechanism is a method that integrates convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and bidirectional Gated Recurrent Units (Bi-GRUs) with multi-attention mechanisms in order to enhance the efficacy of word embedding for the purpose of text classification. The proposed design facilitates the extraction of both local and global features of textual feature words and employs an attention mechanism to compute the significance of words in text classification. The fusion model endeavors to enhance the performance of text classification tasks by effectively representing text documents through the combination of CNNs, Bi-GRUs, and multi-attention mechanisms. This approach aims to capture both local and global contextual information, thereby improving the model’s ability to process and analyze textual data. Moreover, the amalgamation of diverse models can potentially augment the precision of text categorization. The study involved conducting experiments on various data sets, including the IMDB film review data set and the THUCNews data set. The results of the study demonstrate that the proposed model exhibits superior performance compared to previous models that relied solely on CNN, LSTM, or fusion models that integrated these architectures. This superiority is evident in terms of accuracy, recall rate, and F1 score.