bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF VIETNAMESE WOMEN'S BODY SHAPE FROM ANTHROPOMETRIC DATA
Authors: Tran Thi Minh Kieu , Tran Thi Ngoc Hu , Nguyen Thanh Tung , Hoang Sy Tuan
Published: August 2024

This study aims to classify and analyze the body shapes of Vietnamese women aged 18 to 50 using 3D anthropometric data. Research data was collected from 480 females across three regions: North, Central, and South. The five body types result from data analysis involving principal component analysis, K-means cluster analysis, numerical discriminant analysis, ANOVA test, and T-test comparison using SPSS software. Group 1, accounting for 15.23 %, represents the “short, thin, small-shouldered” body type with medium hip height and a bust-waist ratio higher than the hip-waist ratio. Group 2, accounting for 18.36 %, can be described as the “tall, slightly fat and large-shoulders” body type, characterized by high stature and hip height, with a bust-waist ratio smaller than the hip-waist ratio. Group 3, accounting for 35.94 %, falls under the category of the "Medium body type", with an average height stature and a fit body, and a bust-waist ratio equal to the waist-to-hip ratio. Group 4, representing 21.88 %, has a low hip height, a bust-waist ratio higher than the hip-waist ratio, and can be called the “short, fat, medium-shoulder” body type. Finally, group 5, which comprises 8.59 %, embodies the “too fat, average height, big shoulders” body type, featuring low hip height, and a bust - waist ratio higher than the hip-waist ratio. The method of body classification in this study is scientifically sound and reliable. The new research results can serve as a reference for the garment industry while contributing to the goal of building a virtual model library within 3D design software.
Ni-doped ZnO nanorods/Ti3C2 MXene composites and their photocatalytic performance
Authors:   College of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, P. R. China, Zeng W. J. , Zhuang Y. ,   Mechanical-Electrical Engineering Faculty, Hunan Institute of Traffic Engineering, Hengyang 421001, P. R. China, Khan M. ,   College of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, P. R. China, Ning X. T. ,   School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hunan University of Humanities, science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, P. R. China, Shan L. F. ,   School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hunan University of Humanities, science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, P. R. China, Zeng B. ,   College of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, P. R. China
Published: August 2024

Herein, composites based on Ni-doped ZnO nanorods and Ti3C2 MXene structure (Ni-ZnO NR/Ti3C2) were produced via a simple hydrothermal method for photocatalytic applications. Special attention was paid to their structural and optical properties. The composite exhibited a photocatalytic effectiveness of 88.2% in degrading methyl orange (MO) within a duration of 75 minutes when exposed to a xenon lamp. The enhancement of the catalytic activity was due to the one-dimensional ZnO nanostructure, the Ni doping, and the Schottky heterojunction is formed by the interface within ZnO and Ti3C2. Therefore, this work provides an effective strategy to fabricate metal oxide/MXene photocatalysts.
First-principles investigation of electronic, structural, and magnetic properties of Si substituted cerium phosphide compounds CeSixP1-x
Authors:   Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University (KSU), Riyadh,11421, Saudi Arabia, Mahmood A. , Al Masary W. A. ,   Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University (KSU), Riyadh,11421, Saudi Arabia, Ramay S. M. ,   Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University (KSU), Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia
Published: August 2024

Cerium compounds have invited enough attention from scientists and researchers with respect to practical and fundamental implications having exotic physical, electronic, and magnetic properties like the kondo effect, anisotropic magnetic order, giant Hall effect and superconductivity. Hereby, we describe the mechanical stability and present the electronic, structural, and magnetic properties of new silicon-doped alloys of Cerium Phosphide with generic formula CeSixP1-x (x=0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0) by using Wien2k code through DFT formalism. The simulation employs generalized gradient approximation through Perdew Bruke Ernzerhof with spin mode. The computed variables are lattice constants, volume, bulk modulus, pressure derivatives, and energy for structural studies. The partial and total densities of states and electronic energy band structures are calculated for electronic studies of these compounds. The magnetic properties of these compounds are described by computing spin magnetic moments. These doped alloys are predicated on being structurally stable, metallic, and non-magnetic materials.
Investigate the effect of co-doping on the grain size and diffuse phase transition of barium titanate ceramics
Authors:   Department of Physics / CCET / Federal University of São Carlos, CEP 13565905, São Carlos-SP, Brazil, Alkathy M. S. , Goud J. P. ,   Department of Physics, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Bowrampet, Hyderabad, 500043, Telangana, India, Ibrahim K. E. ,   Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia, Kassim H. A. ,   Department of Physics, College of Science, P.O. BOX 2455, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Published: August 2024

An investigation examined the impact of co-doping BaTiO3 ceramics with La3+ and Nd3+ on their microstructural, dielectric, and phase transition properties. The synthesis of BaTiO3 with co-doping of La3+ and Nd3+, using the general formula Ba1-x(La1/3, Nd1/3)xTiO3 (BLNdTx) with varying concentrations of x (0%, 2%, 4%, and 8%), is achieved by the solid-state reaction technique. A temperature-dependent dielectric permittivity investigation was conducted at four distinct frequencies (1 kHz, 10 kHz, 100 kHz, 500 kHz, and 1 MHz) within the 30–200 °C temperature range. The findings indicate that the samples show a diffuse phase transition and a noticeable divergence from the typical Curie-Weiss equation. The diffuseness parameters γ for phase transition rose from 1.15 to 1.75 as x grew from 0 to 8%, respectively. The concurrent impact of surface phenomena, mechanical stress phenomena, and the external effect of grain boundaries might explain the substantial size reduction. An in-depth understanding of the grain size effect and its underlying mechanism would be advantageous for advancing and practically using BaTiO3-based ceramics and other ferroelectrics.
Lipids of cold soils of Transbaikalia
Authors: Чимитдоржиева Э.О.
Published: August 2024

Сняты 13С-ЯМР-спектры и определен элементный состав липидов серых лесных почв(Greyic Phaeozems), дисперсно-карбонатных черноземов (Haplic Chernozem Hypocalcic) и каштановых почв(Kastanazems) Западного Забайкалья. Рассчитан вклад углерода, содержащегося в липидах, в общие запасы органического углерода. Впервые представлена характеристика липидной фракции органического вещества холодных почв Западного Забайкалья. Дан анализ спектров, включающий отнесение сигналов этоксигрупп, фенольных производных и алкеновых фрагментов, а также указан диапазон химических сдвигов, характерных для определенных типов ядер углерода. Выполнено сравнение содержания различных типов структурных элементов в исследованных липидах. Показано, что основная часть липидов состоит из эфиров и жирных кислот. Анализ состава липидов выявил, что содержание атомов углерода составляет 65–73 %, а водорода – 8–10 %. Высокая концентрация атомов кислорода в липидах указывает на то, что функциональные группы, содержащие кислород, сосредоточены в алифатической части липидов. Доля углерода липидов в общем запасе органического углерода составляет6,5 % для каштановых почв,5,8 % – для серых лесных почв, 4,1 % – для дисперсно-карбонатных черноземов.

The13C-NMR spectra and elemental composition of lipids of gray forest soils (Greyic Phaeozems), dispersed carbonate chernozems (Haplic Chernozem Hypocalcic) and chestnut soils (Kastanazems) of Western Transbaikalia were determined. The contribution of carbon contained in lipids to the total reserves of organic carbon is calculated. For the first time, the work presents the characteristics of the lipid fraction of organic matter in cold soils of Western Transbaikalia. An analysis of the spectra was carried out, including the assignment of signals from ethoxy groups, phenol derivatives and alkene fragments, as well as an indication of the ranges of chemical shifts characteristic of certain types of carbon nuclei. A comparison was made of the content of various types of structural elements in the studied lipids. The results obtained showed that the main part of lipids consists of esters and fatty acids. Carbon atoms in the molecular structure of lipids are predominantly represented by aliphatic chains. Analysis of the composition of lipids showed that the content of carbon atoms is 65–73 %, and hydrogen –8–10 %. The high concentration of oxygen atoms in lipids indicates that functional groups containing oxygen are concentrated in the aliphatic part of the lipids. The share of lipid carbon in the total reserve of organic carbon is 6.5 % for chestnut soils, 5.8 % for gray forest soils, 4.1 % for dispersed carbonate chernozems.
Empowering Adolescents: Exploring the Relationship between Self-Esteem and Test Anxiety
Authors: Y Bhave Dr. Swati , P Meghana , Kariya Dr. Prashant , Baheti Pooja , Soni Dr. Neeti , Kabra Aabha
Published: August 2024

Background: Test anxiety is a major cause of student non-performance, despite adequate preparation. This paper is part of a multi-centric youth behavior study project done in 2022 by the Association of Adolescent and Child Care in India (AACCI). Aims: to study self-esteem and test anxiety in school children. Methods: The tools used were RSES- Rosenburg Self-esteem Score (scores >25 are considered high self-esteem and FTAS- Freidben Test Anxiety Scale (scores > 7 are considered significant). Sample: 242 students (10-18 years) studying in a coaching class in Aurangabad (males 53.31%, females 46.69%). Validity & reliability: The RSES - Guttman scale coefficient of reproducibility is 0.92, indicating excellent internal consistency. Test-retest reliability over 2 weeks reveals correlations of 0.85 and 0.88. FTAS- the internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) of the total and the three sub-scales of the FTA (range: .81-.91validity, 0.82 (girls) and 0.84 (boys). It has also been shown to be significantly correlated with peer evaluations of the degree to which test-related stress is experienced (Total: 0.54; Fear of Social Derogation: 0.52; Cognitive Obstruction: 0.64; and Tenseness: 0.78. Ethical issues: This project has been cleared by the AACCI IEC. Parental permission and assent of students were taken. Statistical analysis was done using t-test/ANOVA by GNU PSPP. Results: Analysis of our data showed that this sample had significant mean test anxiety scores: total FTAS (9.19±5.37). SD-Social Derogation (3.84±2.61), CO-Cognitive Obstruction (2.46±2.17), and T-Tenseness (2.88±1.95). Females showed higher scores - total FTAS (10.23±5.10) and SD (4.40±2.54). A strong correlation was found between FTAS score and SD factor across all ages with the strongest positive correlation coefficient for early adolescent female students r (24) =.92, p<.001. Conclusion: Females had higher test anxiety scores, and lower self-esteem scores and will need specific intervention. Being judged by marks affects the self-esteem of adolescents. SD factor was significant across ages in this sample. AACCI conducts awareness programs for parents and teachers to reduce social pressure on children given high SD scores. We also conduct intervention programs for improving CO scores by instilling good study skills and habits and relaxation and stress relief methods to reduce T scores in the context of test anxiety.
Prefácio
Authors: M. R. Viscardi Cláudia
Published: August 2024

com renovada esperança que recebi esta nova publicação e, com ela, o honroso convite de prefaciá-la. Depois de décadas de silenciamento sobre os temas que envolveram a política da Primeira República, o novo milênio trouxe à baila pesquisas inovadoras, fundamentadas em fontes alternativas e com abordagens diferenciadas no campo da história e da sociologia políticas. Este livro, organizado pelos renomados pesquisadores Jaqueline Zulini e Paolo Ricci, reúne jovens pesquisadores de diversas regiões do país, a tratar de um tema muito caro para a historiografia brasileira: os partidos e as eleições.
Partido, periódico e poder: a trajetória do Partido Republicano Construtor sob a lógica da tríplice relação (1890-1905)
Authors: do Carmo Quintão Leandro
Published: August 2024

Este capítulo procura analisar o uso estratégico dos jornais partidários pela política capixaba entre os anos de 1891 e 1905, período hegemônico da oligarquia alojada no Partido Republicano Construtor (PRC), sob a liderança de Moniz Freire, o qual esteve à frente dos rumos políticos do Espírito Santo. Tal análise se faz relevante sob pelo menos dois prismas: 1) investigar os rebatimentos políticos da tumultuada primeira década republicana em uma unidade federativa tradicionalmente considerada coadjuvante no cenário nacional; 2) compreender de que modo a primeira oligarquia a se estabelecer por mais de uma década à frente do governo estadual lidou com os tumultos políticos da referida década e respondeu ao arranjo político-oligárquico arquitetado por Campos Salles (1898-1902), almejando perpetuar sua hegemonia política no estado.
Para a Bahia e a campanha da União Sagrada”: trabalho eleitoral na última eleição da Primeira Republica (Salvador, 1929-1930)
Authors: Brito Jonas
Published: August 2024

Nos anos 1980, pesquisadores problematizaram teses clássicas sobre política e economia na Primeira República (1889-1930), despertando interesse por um período cuja própria denominação, frequentemente, anuncia interpretações esquemáticas: “República elha”, “República Oligárquica” e “República dos Coronéis”. Uma primeira fase desses estudos mostrou, entre outras coisas, a autonomia relativa do Estado perante interesses sociais dominantes, expressa na política fiscal, monetária e cambial. Esses trabalhos inaram a tese do “café com leite”, segundo a qual os dirigentes políticos de Minas Gerais e São Paulo exerciam controle sobre a política republicana (Gomes; Ferreira, 1989).
Roles de equipo según la teoría de Belbin y su relación con el rendimiento estudiantil en Ingeniería Civil: una revisión de la literatura
Authors: García Ramírez Yasmany Damián
Published: August 2024

El campo de la ingeniería civil requiere que las personas profesionales desarrollen habilidades para trabajar efectivamente en equipos. La educación universitaria facilita la adquisición de estas habilidades. El estudio revisa críticamente la literatura sobre el modelo de roles de Belbin en equipos estudiantiles de ingeniería civil y su impacto en el rendimiento académico. Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática en bases de datos académicas, centrándose en estudios que utilizaron el cuestionario de Belbin en ingeniería civil y examinaron su relación con el rendimiento estudiantil entre 2000 y 2023. Se encontró que se necesita más investigación a nivel de pregrado, donde las relaciones entre roles y rendimiento fueron débiles o inconsistentes, especialmente con equipos balanceados o desbalanceados. Sin embargo, los resultados fueron más sólidos en posgrado, con ciertos roles (Cerebro, Cohesionador/a, Finalizador/a) correlacionados con el desempeño y una percepción positiva del cuestionario. Esta revisión es relevante para el cuerpo docente universitaria cuyo interés sea mejorar las habilidades de trabajo en equipo, y señala áreas para futuras investigaciones en este campo.
Perfil y desempeño académico del estudiantado ingreso especial: Análisis de una política pro-inclusión educativa en una universidad pública
Authors: Rodríguez-Garcés Carlos René , Romero Garrido David , Espinosa Valenzuela Denisse
Published: August 2024

Dada la importancia de promover y articular un sistema educativo que garantice la equidad y aprendizajes de calidad en el estudiantado, este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar comparativamente las trayectorias académicas, en particular permanencia y rendimiento de estudiantes universitarios ingresados mediante cupo especial y vía tradicional. En términos de metodología, se analizan datos de 9258 estudiantes que participan de los procesos de admisión universitario 2018 a 2021, se realizan modelamientos estadísticos según vía de ingreso tradicional o especial. Los hallazgos reportan que el estudiantado ingreso especial presentan mejor rendimiento escolar e inferiores puntajes en las pruebas de selección universitaria que su par tradicional, pero en su trayectoria académica exhiben mejores calificaciones y tasas de deserción ajustadas. Las conclusiones destacan la importancia predictiva del desempeño escolar; además, permiten suponer que la vulnerabilidad y la deficiente calidad de la exposición educativa no constituyen necesariamente una desventaja que condicione la trayectoria académica universitaria.
Exploración del engagement académico de estudiantes: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Padilla Hernández Juan Carlos , García García Jesús Alberto
Published: August 2024

El propósito de esta investigación es llevar a cabo una revisión de la literatura sobre el engagement académico en estudiantes universitarios. Se realizó un análisis de la literatura que sigue el modelo PRISMA, esta metodología involucró la recolección de artículos, selección, evaluación crítica y síntesis de datos. Se obtuvieron 22 artículos, de diversos países, escritos en español e inglés, de buscadores científicos como: Mendeley, Refseek, Erick y SpringerLink. Se excluyeron trabajos no confiables y trabajos anteriores al año 2019. Como resultados de la investigación se encontró que las dimensiones más utilizadas de manera global para evaluar el engagement académico son el vigor, la dedicación y la absorción, con efectos en el ámbito estudiantil y laboral. Existen diversos instrumentos para su valoración y el interés sobre el tema se observa en el aumento de las publicaciones científicas en los años 2022 y 2023, con mayor participación de las mujeres. En conclusión, el compromiso académico está asociado al logro de las metas y expectativas del estudiantado. Se recomienda continuar con la realización de más investigaciones que permitan coadyuvar a la comprensión del tema desde diferentes contextos culturales. Dentro de las implicaciones prácticas del estudio se encuentra la integración actualizada de la información sobre el tema, que podrá ser un aliciente para la construcción de nuevas políticas educativas que pongan en el centro del proceso de aprendizaje-enseñanza al engagement académico como parte fundamental de la formación integral de las y los estudiantes.
Una experiencia de trabajo colaborativo en tiempos de COVID 19 entre estudiantado en práctica profesional y profesorado del sistema escolar
Authors: Sierra Suazo Priscilla Aracelly , Cabrera Ramos Juan Francisco
Published: August 2024

Durante la crisis sanitaria COVID 2019, la búsqueda de estrategias para la continuidad formativa ha sido esencial en los procesos de formación inicial docente (FID), donde la integración del estudiantado en práctica profesional en las lógicas de colaboración de los establecimientos educativos ha sido un desafío. El presente estudio describe el trabajo colaborativo que se desarrolla en la pandemia entre el profesorado del sistema escolar y estudiantes en práctica profesional de una Facultad de Educación de la Región de la Araucanía, en Chile. Se utilizó un método mixto de investigación, a través de la estrategia de combinación metodológica cualitativa-cuantitativa. En el proceso de recogida de información se aplicaron 11 entrevistas semiestructuradas y se analizó un cuestionario de creencias aplicado a 388 estudiantes en práctica profesional. Los resultados revelan una categoría central vinculada a cinco códigos asociados al asesoramiento en el uso de TIC, la co- enseñanza, el trabajo colaborativo, la comunicación y apoyo y las competencias interpersonales. Se concluye que en el desarrollo de un trabajo colaborativo efectivo en el contexto de crisis sanitaria COVID-19 ha sido clave las habilidades interpersonales, la comunicación y el dominio de Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) facilitó la integración de estudiantes en práctica al trabajo colaborativo de sus establecimientos educativos. Futuras investigaciones deberán profundizar en el estudio de este fenómeno en otros contextos y su impacto en la presencialidad.
Noteworthy records of Myotis Kaup, 1829 species in northeastern Guatemala, including the first record of M. volans (H. Allen, 1866) (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) from the country
Authors: Trujillo Luis A. , Mischler Cyril , Gutiérrez-López Luis E. , Herrera Mariandre , Martínez-Fonseca José G.
Published: August 2024

Myotis is the most diverse genus of bats in Central America, with 10 species currently reported for Guatemala. Here, we present the ﬁrst record of M. volans (H. Allen, 1866), and third record of M. auriculus Baker & Stains, 1955 in Guatemala, both from the cloud forest of the highlands of Sierra de las Minas Biosphere Reserve. This new locality may serve as one of the southernmost habitats akin to North American ecosystems for these two species. Our record of M. volans increases the number of bats in Guatemala to 105. Our ﬁndings underscore the importance of further research to understand patterns of biodiversity in Guatemala and Central America.
HUMANIST ETHOLOGY
Authors: Finch Robert D.
Published: August 2024

Ethology is the study of animal behavior and consequently includes the morals and ethics of the human animal. This essay concerns the question of how we might optimize our ethology in the broadest sense in order to live in the best possible way. Assuming we are nontheists then the question becomes how we might construct an ethology based on human reason and serving our human motivations or, in other words, a humanist ethology.
“Who Do We Think We Are?”
Authors: Nolan Caitlin , Farr Fiona
Published: August 2024

For many, professional teacher identities begin to develop purposefully and dynamically during the discussions and activities that happen during formal teacher education. Of course, identity formation begins much earlier in one’s lifetime and is influenced by variables such as biographic and cultural background, as well as life experiences. This study aims to explore the narrated identities of L1 and L2 English-speaking TESOL student teachers undertaking an MA TESOL programme at an Irish university. The data from questionnaires and focus groups, analysed through thematic corpus-based discourse analysis, reveal that three major factors contribute to the formation of the professional identities of the TESOL student teachers. These are (1) cultural identity; (2) linguistic identity; and (3) status as student teachers. Discussions highlight the specific details of each from the point of view of both L1 and L2 English-speaking student teachers. The conclusion suggests future pathways for the critical exploration of identity-related issues as a key imperative for student teachers during teacher-education programmes.
TESOL Teacher Education
Authors: Farrell Thomas S. C.
Published: August 2024

Most language teacher educators assume that what they provide to their pre-service ESL teachers will help them transition smoothly into the real school setting, yet we also have evidence that some novice TESOL teachers may be struggling when trying to implement what they have learned in their TESOL teacher education once they begin teaching in their first years. In addition, most early-career TESOL teachers are abandoned once they graduate from their TESOL teacher education programs and left to survive on their own, and/or with the help of school appointed mentors, induction programs or other such assistance. This conceptual paper focuses on these two issues and discusses each as “inconvenient truths”, while also offering ways that both can be rectified by following a novice-service approach to TESOL teacher education.
The effect of silicon dioxide on the structural, thermal and transport properties of an organic ionic plastic crystal (n-C4H9)4NBF4
Authors: Stebnitskii Ivan , Mateyshina Yulia , Uvarov Nikolai
Published: August 2024

Composite solid electrolytes based on an organic ionic plastic crystal (n-C4H9)4NBF4 with highly dispersed SiO2 with specific surface area of Ss = 324±10 m2/g have been studied for the first time. By methods of X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry, it was found that the introduction of SiO2 leads to amorphization of the salt. An unusual size effect was observed in the composites: the temperature of the polymorphic transition of the salt shifted from 67 °C to 60 °C, while the melting point did not change. The 0.15(n-C4H9)4NBF4–0.85SiO2 composite was found to possess the highest electrical conductivity (σ = 2∙10–5 S/cm at 150 °C), which is 1.5 orders of magnitude higher than that of the initial salt. Modelling of the concentration dependences of the electrical conductivity of composites using the mixing equation showed that the reason for the increase in electrical conductivity is the formation of an amorphous layer of salt, the electrical conductivity of which is 3 orders of magnitude higher than that of the crystalline phase (n-C4H9)4NBF4. The obtained results can be used for the design of high-performance composites based on organic ionic plastic crystals for application in electrochemical devices.
Enhancing the self-healing properties of engineered cementitious composites by the application of super-sulfated cement
Authors: Zokaei Shahin , Siad Hocine , Lachemi Mohamed , Mahmoodi Obaid , Şahmaran Mustafa
Published: August 2024

No research has been reported on the self-healing performance of engineered cementitious composites (ECCs) prepared with super-sulfated cement (SSC), despite its potential to reduce carbon dioxide emissions compared with ordinary Portland cement (OPC). This significant gap in the research literature was addressed by exploring the influence of SSC on the recoverability of pre-cracked ECC samples. In addition to mechanical characterisation of sound samples, an exhaustive investigation was undertaken to comprehensively assess the self-healing ability of pre-loaded SSC-based ECCs by means of flexural strength tests, deflection measurements, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) tests and rapid chloride permeability tests. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was used to evaluate the microstructural changes and development of self-healing products within the microcracks of SSC mixtures prepared with various amounts of fly ash. The SSC-based ECCs, while maintaining comparable mechanical and ductility properties, exhibited significant improvements in recovery rates (more than 27%, 7% and 76% for flexural strength, UPV and chloride permeability, respectively, compared with the OPC-based control ECC). The SEM–EDS results confirmed the enhanced precipitation of ettringite as a new self-healing product related to the inclusion of SSC in ECCs, along with conventional calcium silicate hydrate/calcium aluminium silicate hydrate (C-S-H/C-A-S-H) gels.
Evaluating urban population carrying capacity of Surat: probability-satisfaction approach
Authors: Tailor Jay V. , Tailor Ravin M.
Published: August 2024

With around 36% of urbanisation, Indian cities are becoming saturated because of increased migration. This results in excessive utilisation of natural resources and physical infrastructure. Given its limited resources and infrastructure, it is important to evaluate an urban area’s true population carrying capacity. It helps planners and policymakers in managing cities better. This paper shows an estimation of the urban population carrying capacity of Surat City using the probability-satisfaction method with the help of factors like water treatment, solid waste management, employment, and hospital beds, which cover physical as well as social factors. Analysis shows the population carrying capacity of Surat City at different probability-satisfaction levels and compares it with the current scenario. Some important results are that when the probability-satisfaction level changes from acceptable to ideal level, Surat City’s health infrastructure has a maximum population carrying capacity of 112.1 to 102.2 million simultaneously and solid waste management has the lowest population carrying capacity, which is 4.7 to 3.9 million simultaneously. Also, it is observed that factors such as healthcare, wastewater treatment, and green area show less rigidness, while factors such as wastewater treatment, road area, and electricity show more rigidness in increasing carrying capacity.
Characterization of Citrus × Poncirus Embryo Rescued Hybrids as Rootstock Candidate using Morphological Markers
Authors: Kurt Şenay , Koyuncu Fatma
Published: August 2024

Generally, there are both nucellar and zygotic embryos in the citrus seeds after cross breeding. Since genetic variations are very important for the success of plant breeding, morphological traits of individuals are evaluated to identify diversity. The present study aimed to characterize of citrus hybrids for new rootstock genotypes based on their morphological characters at the seedling stage. A total of 335 putative interspecific hybrids, derived from 3 crosses [Common sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.) × Troyer citrange (Citrus sinensis L. × Poncirus trifoliata L.), Common mandarin (Citrus deliciosa Ten.) × Troyer citrange (Citrus sinensis L. × Poncirus trifoliata L.) and King mandarin (Citrus nobilis L.) × Carrizo citrange (Citrus sinensis L. × Poncirus trifoliata L.)], were observed by their plant morphology. The eight qualitative and five quantitative characteristics of hybrid plants such as seedling growth, leaf and thorniness characteristics were evaluated. The average plant height of the population was found between 70.2 cm and 133.2 cm. The average stem diameter varied between 5.9 mm and 8.0 mm. Hybrid seedlings were separated on the basis of dominant trifoliate leaf marker. There was wide diversity among the accessions with respect to quantitative leaf characters. In terms of leaf division, 268 genotypes have bifoliate and 67 were trifoliate in all combinations, and many intermediate forms were also observed. In addition 66 of the genotypes were thornless while 269 of the genotypes were thorny. The genotype No. 4, has been assessed as triploid, from Common mandarin × Troyer citrange combination, has the longest and dense spines. Morphological markers data were analyzed by clustering method to compare similarities of hybrids. The dissimilarity index was observed between 0.004 and 17.318 within three hybridization combinations. The hybrids obtained at 110 days after pollination were more distant relative to each other in all hybridization combination.
An investigation into mining coal losses at Klipspruit Colliery
Authors: Ntsekhe M.J. , de Graaf WW.
Published: August 2024

Klipspruit Colliery is experiencing coal losses, which leads to a negative impact on coal production and subsequently loss in revenue. This study aimed to identify the possible causes of coal losses in the No. 4 upper and lower seams. The objectives were to identify potential sources of coal losses through a literature survey, to identify areas where the coal losses occurred, to determine factors affecting coal losses, and to identify the most cost-effective methods to reduce coal losses. Highwall losses, top-of-coal losses, and coal edge losses were identified as the major areas of coal loss at Klipspruit. These losses were mostly attributed to the drilling and blasting practises of the pre-split, interburden waste, and the coal seams. Recommendations include re-visiting the current pre-split design and the tolerances adopted for the interburden and coal seam drilling and blasting design. It is furthermore recommended that Klipspruit implement a continuous improvement plan for the drilling and blasting and refresher training for the blasting crew and operators.
Full-waveform automatic location of small seismic events in an underground mine using synthetic strain Greens tensors
Authors: Brijraj S. , Moolla S. , Lynch R.
Published: August 2024

A reliable method to locate microseismic evets is an important objective for routine mine seismic monitoring. We developed an algorithm that can automatically and reliably locate an event from a single uniaxial trace. Signals created by microseismic events are recorded as seismograms that consist of direct P- and S-waves as well as the waves reflected off the underground excavations. We take advantage of the extra complexity these reflections introduce as they make the signal more unique. In our investigation we cross-correlated unaltered synthetic seismograms against trial waveforms created from a linear combination of appropriate waveforms from a library of numerically calculated strain Green's tensors. We use a single uniaxial synthetic seismogram to invert for the source location, six moment tensor components, and frequency. The resulting cost functions are constructed as maximal correlations at each node in the mine grid through the true source x-planes. This function is maximized by differential evolution to simultaneously yield the source parameters. Sensitivity tests such as shifting the mine plans and altering the background velocities of the media are investigated to test the robustness of the method. We contaminate the data with 40% white noise to test the resolution against simulated real recorded seismograms. The method is demonstrated using synthetic data calculated with a realistic underground 3D velocity model.
The status of extended reality technology in South Africa's mining industry
Authors: Buthelezi S.M. , Maritz J. , de Beer K.
Published: August 2024

The economic upheaval of COVID-19 forced companies to invest in emerging technologies to aid recovery. One such technology is extended reality, which is becoming a mature and innovative tool. Early adopters are seeing significant benefits in learning, training, immersive data visualization, and remote assistance. In South Africa, the mining industry is increasingly interested in using extended reality to optimize and innovate operations. The Minerals Council of South Africa's July 2021 report highlighted the potential of extended reality's to achieve zero-harm production and modernize the industry. However, the extent of extended reality adoption in mining remains unclear due to limited information on its usage. This study addressed this gap by distributing an online survey to assess awareness, knowledge, and current uses of extended reality in South Africa's mining sector. The results indicated that virtual and augmented reality had the highest levels of awareness and usage, primarily for learning and training. Mixed reality, however, had the lowest awareness and knowledge levels. In terms of applications, visualization and remote assistance had the least use cases. These findings highlight that the South African mining industry is deficient in its understanding and use of extended reality technologies. Without better awareness and application, the South African industry risks missing out on the full benefits of extended reality. The study underlines the need for the South African mining industry to improve its outlook on extended reality technologies to fully leverage their potential applications and benefits.
Kinetic study of reaction formation of phosphate products from thermal dissolution of wolframite using fusion technique
Authors: Chiweshe T.T. , Mokhahlane L.S. , Welman-Purchase M.
Published: August 2024

This study examined an alternative technique of extracting tungsten from wolframite ore using a fusion method with ammonium phosphate salt. Current techniques use alkali salts to decompose tungsten ores and use various purification methods to produce ammonium paratungstate, which is a key intermediate precursor in the extraction of tungsten. In this study, a two-step extraction process, which involves thermal decomposition of the ore using fusion and a separation stage, is examined. The novelty of this technique is the ability to completely decompose wolframite ore and form an unstable tungsten oxide phosphate (WO2(PO3)2) compound. The instability of WO2(PO3)2 in deionized water enables selective isolation of tungsten as insoluble precipitates of WO3 and WO2. The decomposition reaction of WO2(PO3)2 is influenced by the presence of oxygen and determined to be first order under ambient conditions. Scanning electron micrographs and X-ray diffraction analysis showed above 80% of the tungsten precipitated compared with the amount that remained in the filtrate solution.
Suspension stability of passion fruit nectar formulated with carboxymethyl cellulose: Analysis of sedimentation kinetics
Authors: Noel-Cuya Jesús , H. Ureta Sheyla , Torres-Pino Felix , Aredo Victor
Published: August 2024

This study evaluated the suspension stability of passion fruit nectar formulated with different concentrations of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Passion fruit nectars with 0, 0.02, 0.1 and 0.2% (w/v) CMC were placed at rest in test tubes at room temperature (~25 °C) to measure the phase separation height for 87 h. Passion fruit nectars with 0 and 0.02% (w/v) CMC showed notable phase separation, while those with 0.1 and 0.2% (w/v) CMC were relatively stable suspensions. The analysis of sedimentation kinetics revealed that passion fruit nectars with 0 and 0.02% (w/v) CMC presented respectively: maximum sedimentation velocity of 0.426 m/s and 0.260 m/s, equilibrium sedimentation index of 46.494% and 20.434%, and sedimentation rate speed of 0.0362 and 0.0556%/s. A concentration of 0.2% (w/v) CMC is recommended in passion fruit nectar to maintain the appearance of a stable suspension, which is a characteristic desired by the consumer.
Нестабильная экосома
Authors: Мирошниченко Максим Дмитриевич
Published: August 2024

В статье рассматривается концепция виртуального в ее связи с этикой. На примере иммунологии внимание уделяется тому, как виртуальность определяет самость и индивидуальность человека и других форм жизни. Автор начинает рассуждения с анализа концептуализации виртуальности в современной континентальной философии. Затем автор показывает, как этика виртуального деконструирует дихотомию субъекта и мира и раскрывает онтологическое поле мирного сосуществования различных форм и способов жизни. Мир, где виртуальное более изначально, чем реальное, децентрализован и не ориентирован на человеческое понимание реальности. Человеческая реальность в таком мире есть не что иное, как продукт неподконтрольных человеку процессов. Далее автор обращается к энактивистской концепции иммунитета и исследует идею Франсиско Варелы о виртуальных, безличных самостях как составляющих психосоциального «Я». С этой точки зрения утверждается, что органическая автономия — это не продукт агрессивной дифференциации или защиты самости организма от других, а динамический процесс взаимодействия, который ставит под сомнение идею атомизированной, эгоцентрической индивидуальности. Субъект — это не замкнутая автономная тотальность, а процесс слияния и разграничения живой системы и ее окружения. Индивидуация субъекта происходит в материальных процессах тела, окружающей среды и технологий. Отсюда следует, что его существование зависит от виртуальности: он является одним из множества способов актуализации возможного. На этой основе дается набросок биоэтики мирного сосуществования взаимодействующих живых систем, погруженных в жизненные миры, в отличие от некрополитики текущих социальных взаимодействий.
От алгоритмического общества к негантропоцену
Authors: Ненадыщук Евгений Максимович
Published: August 2024

За первые десятилетия XXI века проблематика автоматизации и технологической безработицы обрела высокую актуальность, в том числе и для философской мысли. Возможным последствием технологической безработицы является возникновение «бесполезного класса» не участвующих в производстве людей, что выдвигает на первый план как вопросы смысла жизни и источников для деятельности в условиях будущего без труда, так и проблему углубления неравенства между элитой творцов и оставленных на произвол судьбы безработных людей. В статье мы обращаемся к выявлению новых перспектив трудовой деятельности человека в контексте предотвращения разрушительных последствий автоматизации и технологической безработицы в философской рефлексии Бернара Стиглера. Уникальность подхода Стиглера заключается в определении автоматизации как техносоциальной силы, ответственной за исчезновение интеллектуальных способностей человека и производимых им личностных знаний, которые, согласно философу, являются условием любой трудовой деятельности. Для решения проблемы негативных последствий автоматизации и технологической безработицы Стиглер обращается к таким понятиям как «пролетаризация», «фармакон» и «негантропоцен», значение которых раскрывается в данном исследовании на основе метода концептуального анализа. На основе проведенного анализа можно заключить, что автоматизация, вопреки общераспространенным теоретическим перспективам, рассматривающим ее преимущественно с положительных сторон, как средство эмансипации от труда, может привести к негативным последствиям для человеческой экзистенции. Ответ на автоматизацию Стиглер видит в социально-политическом проекте негантропоцена, основанном на локальном и темпоральном прерывании автоматизации, что должно способствовать сохранению и реактуализации человеческих интеллектуальных функций. В свою очередь, труд в будущем сможет справиться с вызовом технологической безработицы, если будет переосмыслен вне занятости как творческая сила, направленная на поддержание и развитие социальной сложности.
Истоки агностицизма
Authors: Лаврищев Даниил Евгеньевич
Published: August 2024

Анализ современного дискурса вокруг агностицизма в русскоязычном пространстве позволяет говорить о том, что концептуализация и понимание этого термина затруднено сложной историей его интерпретации. В частности, ряд авторов обращает внимание на неопределенность или даже бессмысленность использования понятия «агностицизм» в современных текстах. В связи с этим интерес представляет статья «Агностицизм» Т.Г. Гексли, опубликованная им в 1889 году. Сам Гексли является непосредственно автором этого термина. Основываясь на анализе его текста, в настоящей работе рассматривается история возникновения агностицизма и связь указанной статьи с современным состоянием теоретического осмысления понятия агностицизма. В первую очередь, затрагивается вопрос о происхождении современных трактовок агностицизма в русскоязычной и иноязычной литературе; дается краткий обзор современного представления об агностицизме как феномене религиозного мировоззрения и научной рациональности. Далее рассматривается три ключевых аспекта, определивших изначальные роль и значение понятия агностицизма в английской интеллектуальной среде конца XIX века. Во-первых, речь пойдет о социальном смысле агностицизма как средства защиты от обвинений в атеизме и преследования со стороны консервативно настроенной общественности. Во-вторых, агностицизм рассматривается как выражение научной рациональности, тесно связанной с традицией британского эмпиризма. Значимым аспектом этого рассмотрения становится тот факт, что агностицизм Гексли опирается на ряд теоретических новшеств — вероятностный подход к знанию, фальсификацию и верификацию — получивших осмысление в философии науки начала XX века. В-третьих, анализируются историко-философские взаимосвязи агностицизма с рядом учений европейских мыслителей — прежде всего с Д. Юмом и И. Кантом.
Комментарий к решению Международного Суда от 31 января 2024 года по делу о применении Международной конвенции о борьбе с финансированием терроризма и Международной конвенции о ликвидации всех форм расовой дискриминации (Украина пр. Российской Федерации)
Authors: Нальгиев Адам Мухажирович , Польшакова Виктория Владимировна , Гавкалюк Анна Богдановна
Published: August 2024

В статье анализируются ключевые аспекты решения Международного Суда от 31 января 2024 по делу о применении Международной конвенции о борьбе с финансированием терроризма и Международной конвенции о ликвидации всех форм расовой дискриминации (Украина против Российской Федерации), производство по которому Украина инициировала в связи с событиями 2014 года в Крыму (далее — Решение от 31 января 2024 года). Истец утверждал, что Россия нарушила ряд положений указанных конвенций, в частности уклонившись от сотрудничества в рамках режима Международной конвенции о борьбе с финансированием терроризма (далее — МКБФТ) при расследовании возможных случаев финансирования террористической деятельности, в которой украинская сторона обвиняла вооруженные формирования на территории Донецкой и Луганской Народных республик, а также осуществляя политику расовой дискриминации в отношении крымских татар и этнических украинцев, проживающих на территории Крыма, противоречащую Международной конвенции о ликвидации всех форм расовой дискриминации (далее — МКЛРД). Суд обоснованно отклонил большую часть требований Украины, корректно применив соответствующие положения МКБФТ и МКЛРД и дав взвешенную оценку доказательствам, представленным сторонами. В то же время некоторые выводы Суда представляются непоследовательными. Так, Суд не оценивал содержание возражения России, основанного на доктрине «чистых рук», сославшись лишь на неопределенный статус этой доктрины в международном праве и приведя формальный довод о ее неприменимости на стадии рассмотрения дела по существу. В равной степени сомнительным является и утверждение о презумпции дискриминации этнических украинцев и нарушении их права на получение образования на родном языке, основанное лишь на статистических данных, показывающих, что после 2014 года число учеников, получавших образование на украинском языке, значительно уменьшилось. Тем не менее, сдержанным подходом к аргументам о толковании МКБФТ и МКЛРД и к представленным сторонами доказательствам в Решении от 31 января 2024 года Суд продемонстрировал ясное понимание своей роли, функций и пределов мандата по МКБФТ и МКЛРД.
RSV standard and copyback genomes PCR Protocols v1
Authors: Lopez Carolina
Published: August 2024

Protocol for the detection of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) standard and copyback genomes by PCR
Evaluation of readiness of the technical system using the semi-Markov model with selected sojourn time distributions
Authors: Kozłowski Edward , Borucka Anna , Oleszczuk Piotr , Leszczyński Norbert
Published: August 2024

Mechanization of forestry work is crucial in forest management, and the specific nature of the tasks performed requires reliable machines with a high level of technical readiness. Therefore, models describing the exploitation process of multi-operational machines used to obtain wood raw materials, and especially assessing the level of their technical readiness, are extremely important. For multi-tasking objects performing random activities in given time intervals, calculating readiness measures is a complex issue. Forecasting subsequent operational states and their durations allows to predict the behavior of technical objects and schedule work. In addition to identifying the sequence of states, it is also important to identify the sojourn time in these states. This article presents a method for identifying the semi-Markov process and then assessing the technical readiness of a Harvester machine. This allowed for conclusions regarding the timely completion of assigned tasks, and also made it possible to adjust the activities carried out to the requirements of forest management.