bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construction of Cinnamomun bodinieri cDNA library and screening of upstream regulators of CbP5CS using yeast one hybrid
Authors: Han Haozhang , Zhang Lihua , Li Suhua , Zhao Rong , Wang Fang , Wang Xiaoli
Published: October 2022

Alkaline soil is a main factor limiting the introduction and popularization of Cinnamomun bodinieri. Proline is one of the most important compatible solutes that plants accumulate for osmotic adjustment in response to alkali stress. Therefore, it is of great significance to identity the key transcription factors that regulate the biosynthesis of proline and illustrate the underlying molecular mechanisms. In the present study, we constructed a C. bodinieri cDNA library using alkali treated root tissues. The titer of the library is 4.88×107CFU/mL. The average size of the inserts is 1000 bp, and the recombination efficiency is 100%. Then we cloned the promoter region of CbP5CS and screened the CbP5CS promoter interacting proteins by yeast one hybrid and high-throughput sequencing. Our results showed that 31 unique CbP5CS-interatcting ESTs were identified and 6 of them were annotated as transcription factors, including GW020491 (zinc finger CCCH domain-containing protein 25 isoform X1), GW028183 (AtbHLH104), GW000650 (transcription factor TFIIIC), GW007525 (RING/FYVE/PHD zinc finger superfamily protein), GW015686 (GATA type zinc finger transcription factor family protein), GW027120 (AtbHLH96). These transcription factors may play a key role in regulating the production of proline.
WRKY genes in black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.): duplicate and conquer
Authors: Felipez Winder , Pegoraro Camila , Maia Luciano , de Oliveira Antonio Costa
Published: October 2022

WRKY transcription factors regulate several biological processes in plants, including responses to biotic stresses and tolerance to abiotic stresses, and are part of a gene superfamily in higher plants. There are many studies on the functions of WRKY proteins in several model species, aiming at identification and functional characterization, but there has not yet been a comprehensive analysis of the RoWRKY protein family in black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.) as shown here. In this study, the investigation of the complete genome of the black raspberry identified 62 RoWRKY genes that were evaluated and are unevenly distributed in all seven chromosomes. The proteins encoded by these genes were classified into four groups (I, II, III and IV), with those of group II divided into five subgroups (IIa - IIe) based on their conserved domains and zinc finger domain types. Motif analysis showed that all RoWRKYs contained one or two WRKY domains and that proteins from the same group had similar motif compositions. Five pairs of RoWRKY genes in segmental duplication and two pairs in tandem duplication were detected. Analysis of the structure of RoWRKY genes showed that they have 1–11 introns, with most RoWRKY genes consisting of two introns and three exons. A cis element analysis showed that all promoters of the RoWRKYs genes contain at least one cis stress-response element. Differential expression analysis of 10 samples of RNA-seq data, reviewed RoWRKY genes from black raspberry, show preferential or specific expression in tissue samples. These findings provide a complete overview of the evolution and modification of the RoWRKYs protein family, which will help the functional characterization of these proteins in the response to biotic and abiotic stresses of black raspberry.
Context-based Detecting Fake News
Authors: Bouzidi Zair , Boudries Abdelmalek , Amad Mourad
Published: October 2022

In recent years, deep learning methods have successfully solved many fake news problems. Investing in fake news detection is an important for modern people's life, notably manager. In this paper, we utilized multiple factors for detecting and fighting fake news. It is treated as time series problem. The state-of-the-art natural language processing tool BERT is used to recognize the context of text, and the Hybrid of Deep CNN-Bi-Directional LSTM model, convenient in temporal dimension analysis, is applied to detect fabricated information. We have incorporated context as an important feature to improve the accuracy: we investigates the proposed method performance using two different data sets, showing, with the results that the proposed model, namely context-based a hybrid of Deep CNN-BLSTM approach performs well, in comparison with other results and methods.
The research of a novel WOG-YOLO algorithm forautonomous driving object detection
Authors: Xu Lingzhi , Yan Wei , Ji Jiashu
Published: October 2022

Object detection has been one of the critical technologies in autonomous driving. To improve the detection precision accuracy, a novel optimization algorithm is presented to enhance the performance of the YOLOv5 model. First, by improving the hunting behavior of the grey wolf algorithm(GWO) and incorporating it into the whale optimization algorithm(WOA), a modified whale optimization algorithm(MWOA) is proposed. The MWOA leverages the population’s concentration ratio to calculate ph for selecting the hunting branch of GWO or WOA. Tested by four benchmark functions, MWOA is proven to possess better global search ability and stability. Second, the C3 module in YOLOv5 is substituted by G-C3, and an extra detection head is added, thus a highly optimizable detection G-YOLO network is constructed. Based on the self-built dataset, 12 initial hyperparameters in the G-YOLO model are optimized by MWOA using a score fitness function of compound indicators, thus the final hyperparameters are optimized and the whale optimization G-YOLO(WOG-YOLO) model is obtained. In comparison with the YOLOv5s model, the overall mAP increases by 1.7%, the mAP of pedestrians increases by 2.6%, and the mAP of cyclists increases by 2.3%.
In-vitro evaluation of PCL-based film for guiding segmental bone defect
Authors: Khodabakhshi Vahid , Soleimanimehr Hamid , Haghighi Shahram Etemadi , Emam Ali
Published: October 2022

Segmental bone tissue engineering is a highly effective approach for the repair of large bone defects. In this paper, a PCL-based guide film was developed for controlling segmental bone tissue engineering. 3D bioprinting was used to fabricate the PCL/NaCl-based cylindrical films. The effects of the film's thickness and NaCl concentration on the mechanical properties, degradability, swelling behavior, porosity, and cytotoxicity of the samples were investigated. Response surface methodology was employed to study the mechanical behavior using the central composite design (CCD) results showed that increasing the NaCl concentration up to 10% wt. significantly improved the degradability, swelling, and hydrophilicity of the films. It was also indicated that the maximum stiffness of the guide films under vertical loading was almost 5 times more than the maximum stiffness in the horizontal loading direction, but the samples showed greater compressive strength and elongation under horizontal compressive loading. All the evidence indicated that the mechanical properties of the films were more dependent on the film thickness so the thicker films with an 800µm thickness had better mechanical properties in both vertical and horizontal loading. Cytotoxicity assay also approved the non-toxic effect of the PCL films on the MC3T3 osteoblast cell line. Based on the results, the PCL-based films were a suitable candidate to act as a guide for segmental bone tissue engineering.
Effect of number of well and core radius on the binding energy and optical properties of multishell spherical quantum dot with parabolic potential
Authors: Kirak Muharrem
Published: October 2022

In the current study, the probability densities and binding energy of the ground state and first excited sate in multishell quantum dot with parabolic confinement potential have been examined. Also, the effects of core radius, the number of well in structure and the presence of impurity on the total optical absorption coefficient have been investigated. The finite difference method has been used to obtain the energy levels and related wave functions of the system within framework effective mass approximation. The results obtained reveal that the number of well, especially the first five values, have a considerable impact on the critical core values of binding energy. It is found that the presence of impurity and the number of wells cause a blue shift in the peak positions of total absorption coefficients. Moreover, our results show that these factors have an important effect on the magnitude of optical properties.
Subclonal evolution in the mutational landscape of early Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) on multi-agent chemotherapy: Comparison of Pre- And Post-Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (NAC) Samples Of TNBC Patients With Residual Disease
Authors: Singh Ashish , Georgy Josh Thomas , Dhananjayan Sakthi , Sigamani Elanthendral , John Ajoy Oommen , Joel Anjana , Chandramohan Jagan , Abarna Rajadurai , Rebekah Grace , Backianathan Selvamani , Abraham Deepak Thomas , Paul Mazhuvanchary Jacob , Chacko Raju Titus , Manipadam Marie Therese , Pai Rekha
Published: October 2022

Background
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) with residual disease post chemotherapy, have increased chance of relapse and lower survival with varying degree of pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). However, the risk of recurrence is high among those who do not achieve pCR and characterizing the mutational landscape of this fairly heterogeneous subset of patients might provide some valuable insights.
Methods
The archival paired (pre- and post-NAC) samples of 25 patients with histopathologically confirmed TNBC with residual disease who received anthracycline-taxane as NAC, were processed by next-generation sequencing using a 72-gene panel. Somatic mutations were identified using UMI corrected .clc pipeline; gene annotation of the variants performed using VeP program. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics v23 and R v4.1.2 (RStudio 2021.09.1). The K-means algorithm was used to classify the samples into k number of clusters.
Results
Among all 50 tumour samples, a median of 12 mutations (IQR 7-17.25) per sample was observed. Missense mutations accounted for the overwhelming majority (73.5%). The predominant mutations in the pre-NAC samples were TP53(80%), PMS2(64%), PTEN(64%), ERBB2(48%), NOTCH1(44%) while the mutational profile was slightly different among the post-NAC samples: TP53(84%), AR(60%), PTEN(60%), PMS2(44%), ERBB2(40%). The burden of mutations did not differ among patients who received platinum or not (12.8 ± 6.9 Vs 11.25 ± 4.9; p-value 0.94), though there were several private mutations in the former group. Similarly, the tumor mutation burden was not very different among those with (n = 5) and without recurrence (14 ± 7.2 Vs 12.2 ± 6.6; p-value 0.49). The K-means clustering demonstrated two clusters -all patients with recurrence, except one, in the larger cluster.
Conclusions
The burden of mutations among the pre- and post-NAC samples mostly remained the same, although, mutations in specific genes for example- increase in mutations in the AR gene post-NAC, was noted. TP53 mutations predominated pre- and post-NAC. There was no significant difference in mutational burden and there were no recurrent / co-occurring mutations among those who received platinum therapy after NAC or among those with recurrence. The data throws significant light on the somatic mutational load, spectrum and heterogeneity, among TNBCs with residual disease.
Chaotic image encryption algorithm based on bit-plane and DNA multiplex operation
Authors: Zhang Yun tian , Zhao Bing
Published: October 2022

A novel bit-plane chaotic image encryption algorithm is proposed further to improve image encryption systems' security and anti-attack ability. This paper combines bit layer scrambling and Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) encoding. In this paper, we design a novel bit-plane scrambling method using parity alignment and plaintext correlation chaotic sequences, which can significantly reduce the correlation between image pixels and the correlation between RGB layers. Then the intermediate ciphertext is DNA encoded by hyper-chaotic sequences with plaintext correlation, after the designed multiple operation diffusion, the ultimate ciphertext is generated. Furthermore, devised a new way of generating keys, which are highly correlated with plaintexts. This increases the algorithm's resistance to selective plaintext attacks. According to the simulation results, this paper's proposed image encryption algorithm can effectively resist differential and statistical attacks, has ample key space and sensitivity, and has ideal information entropy.
Double inertial steps with single projection method for variational inequalities involving pseudomonotone and non-Lipschitz mappings
Authors: Viet Thong Duong , Tien Dung Vu , Huong Huyen Pham Thi , Thanh Tam Hoang Thi
Published: October 2022

In this work, we investigate pseudomonotone and non-Lipschitz continuous variational inequality in real Hilbert spaces
and introduce a projection-type method with double inertial terms for solving them. The proposed algorithm combines the techniques of double inertial steps and the projection and contraction method. One only projection in the algorithm is used per iteration and the proposed algorithm does not require Lipschitz continuous condition of the variational inequality mapping and a sufficient condition for the weak
convergence is established under pseudomonotonicity and uniform continuity assumptions. Next, we also obtain an R-linear
convergence rate of the proposed method under strong pseudomonotonicity
and Lipschitz continuity assumptions. Finally, In order to illustrate the computational effectiveness of our algorithm, some numerical results
are also provided. The main results obtained in
this paper extend and improve some related works in the literature.
Order-dependent sampling control of uncertain fractional-order neural networks system
Authors: Ge Chao , Zhang Qi , Zhang Ruonan , Yang Li
Published: October 2022

The asymptotic stability of the fractional-order neural networks system with uncertainty by sampled-data controller is addressed in the article. First, considering the influence of uncertainty and fractional-order on the system, a new sampled-data controller is designed with alterable sampling period. In the light of the input delay approach, the fractional system is simulated by the delay system. The main purpose of the method presented is to design a sampled-data controller, which the closed-loop fractional-order system can guarantee the asymptotic stability. Then, the fractional-order Razumishin theorem and linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) are utilized to derive the stable conditions. A stability conditions are presented in the form of LMIs on the new delay-dependent and order-dependent. Furthermore, the sampling controller can be acquired to promise the stability and stabilization for fractional-order system. A numerical example is gotten to demonstrate the effectiveness and advantages for the provided method.
The thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of midazolam ring closure from benzophenone to benzodiazepine form, its acid-base equilibria and aromaticity. A quantum-chemical study
Authors: Oziminski Wojciech Piotr , Matysiak Michał
Published: October 2022

The process of midazolam ring closure was studied from the thermodynamic and kinetic points of view by means of quantum-chemical methods. B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) model was employed for gas-phase and water environment (Polarizable Continuum Model) calculations. It was concluded that the reaction rate determining step is the first step - carbinolamine formation from amine and carbonyl ends of the opened benzodiazepine ring. The Gibbs free energy of activation was calculated as 35.1 kcal/mol for gas-phase and 33.9 kcal/mol for water environment. Thermodynamically, this reaction is endoergic with ΔG = 9.6 kcal/mol for gas-phase and 10.0 kcal/mol for water environment. However the next step – carbinolamine protonation with immediate water molecule loss is expected to be fast and activation barrierless, which enables further progress of the ring closure, despite the positive ΔG of the fist step. Next, the protonated imine undergoes deprotonation to final closed-ring, pharmacologically active molecule of midazolam. The whole chain of reaction is exoergic with ΔG equal to -5.6 kcal/mol for gas-phase and -7.7 kcal/mol for water environment. In order to understand the role of other than benzodiazepine/imidazole molecular fragments on the ring closure process, a model was build which contains only benzodiazepine and imidazole rings. The activation barrier for the carbinolamine formation of the model is similar to midazolam in the gas-phase but higher by about 10 kcal/mol for water environment. The most interesting difference is however that for the model, the carbinolamine formation step is exoergic with ΔG equal to -2.2 kcal/mol for gas-phase and -1.8 kcal/mol for water environment. This difference can be connected to complicated conformational shape of the midazolam molecule, which during the ring closure undergoes unfavourable deformations with accompanying rise of the energy of the molecule. The protonation sites for both midazolam and the model were also studied. In the case of midazolam the preferred protonation site is the imidazole ring nitrogen atom, but in the case of the model it is the benzodiazepine ring nitrogen atom. The aromaticity of the 5- and 7-membered rings were analysed using two aromaticity indices – HOMA and pEDA. It follows that larger stability of the cation protonated at the benzodiazepine ring is accompanied with substantial increase of the 7-ring aromaticity in the model of midazolam. The complexes of midazolam and its model with a water molecule were analysed because they are needed for evaluation of the energy of the whole process of ring closure. In the case of midazolam the water molecule preferentially connects to imidazole ring, but in the case of the model, complexes with both imidazole and benzodiazepine rings have similar stability.
Using Oligoagar to improve the survival rate of Neoporphyra haitanensis conchocelis infected by Vibrio mediterranei 117-T6
Authors: Mao Yangying , Ke Lei , Chen Haimin , Chen Juanjuan , Luo Qijun , Yang Rui
Published: October 2022

Neoporphyra haitanensis is a vital economic seaweed in China. As an infectious disease with a high incidence in the conchocelis sporeling culture of Porphyra, yellow spot disease (YSD) seriously affects the industrial development of seaweed cultivation. In the present study, we analyzed the protective effect of oligoagar (OA) on YSD caused by Vibrio mediterranei 117-T6 (Vm 117-T6). The experiment was conducted under the standard culture conditions of N. haitanensis conchocelis. The results showed that OA treatment (0.1‰ OA treatment for 1 h and performed twice with a 48 h interval) could significantly improve the survival rate of N. haitanensis conchocelis infected with Vm 117-T6 (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, OA treatment could stabilize the physiological and biochemical indexes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), phycobiliprotein and photosynthetic pigment content of Porphyra. Therefore, OA treatment had good application potential for preventing YSD caused by Vm 117-T6.
Nonlinear Love-Type Waves in a Heterogeneous Layer Sandwitched Between TwoSemi-Infinite Media
Authors: Ozdemir Ekin Deliktas
Published: October 2022

Generalized Love-type wave propagation in a nonlinear, heterogeneous, isotropic, low-velocity intermediate layer of uniform thickness lying between two nonlinear, homogeneous, elastic different half spaces is examined. The heterogeneity of the layer is considered to result from the exponential change of rigidity and density in the thickness direction. Nonlinear self-modulation of waves is characterized by a nonlinear Schrödinger equation with the aid of multiple scales asymptotic method. The influence of both nonlinearand heterogeneous characteristics of the slow intermediate layer on the existence of bright and dark soliton Love-type waves is investigated numerically. Furthermore, the considerable effect of the layer’s linear and nonlinear heterogeneity properties on the nonlinear evolution of bright and dark solitary waves is graphically shown.
Microbial community succession along a chronosequence in constructed salt marsh soils
Authors: Kim Carol , Staver Lorie W. , Chen Xuan , Bulseco Ashley , Cornwell Jeffrey C. , Malkin Sairah Y.
Published: October 2022

In this study, we examined the succession of soil microbial communities across a chronosequence of newly constructed salt marshes constructed primarily of fine-grained dredge material, using 16S rRNA amplicon sequences. Alpha diversity in the parent material was initially low and increased to reference levels within 3 years of marsh construction, while in the newly accumulating organic matter-rich surface soils alpha diversity was initially high and remained unchanged. Microbial community succession was fastest in the surface horizon (~ 24 years to reference equivalency) and became progressively slower with depth in the subsurface horizons (~ 30–67 years). Random forest linear regression analysis was used to identify important taxa driving the trajectories toward reference conditions. In the parent material, putative sulfate-reducers (Desulfobacterota), methanogens (Crenarchaeota, especially Methanosaeta), and fermenters (Chloroflexi and Clostridia) increased over time, suggesting an enrichment of these metabolisms over time, similar to natural marshes. Concurrently in the surface soils, the relative abundances of putative methane-, methyl-, and sulfide oxidizers, especially among Gammaproteobacteria, increased over time, suggesting the co-development of sulfide and methane removal metabolisms in the marsh soils. Finally, we observed that the surface soil communities at one of the marshes did not follow the trajectory of the others, exhibiting a greater relative abundance of anaerobic taxa. Uniquely in this dataset, this marsh was developing signs of excessive inundation stress in terms of vegetation coverage and soil geochemistry. Therefore, we suggest that soil microbial community structures may be effective bioindicators of salt marsh inundation and are worthy of further targeted investigation.
The development of radiotherapy quality indicators for lung cancer- a modified Delphi technique protocol
Authors: Chiew Kim-Lin , Donnelly Candice , Harden Susan , Vinod Shalini
Published: October 2022

Background
Radiotherapy is an effective evidence-based treatment modality for the definitive management of both early and locally advanced lung cancer. Whilst the literature reports a wide range of quality indicators (QIs) to assess the surgical management of lung cancer there is a deficit of robust QIs available to measure the quality of radiotherapy received by patients[1]. We propose a literature review and modified Delphi technique to develop a set of radiotherapy specific quality indicators and benchmarks aimed at evaluating the processes involved in the planning and delivery of radiotherapy for lung cancer.
Methods
A modified Delphi technique will be used and will include an international expert panel in two formal rounds with a target of 40 participants and intervening steering committee review with a minimum of 9 stakeholders. Candidate radiotherapy QIs will be selected from literature review and assessed by a steering committee to be included in the Delphi process. Both QIs and proposed benchmarks will be ranked by the expert panel in 2 rounds and included in the final set of QIs if a pre-defined consensus definition for importance is met by at least 70% of responses with a score of 7 or more on a 9-point Likert scale. Consensus criteria for feasibility and proposed benchmarks will be achieved if at least 70% of responses are reported as 3 or more on a 3-point Likert scale.
Discussion
We aim to address the current lack of quality indicators for assessing radiotherapy in lung cancer by using a robust modified Delphi method to attain international expert consensus for a set of QIs specific to the process involved in planning and delivering radiotherapy for definitive management of lung cancer. These have the potential to provide a foundation for QI measurement and benchmarking to guide quality improvement in radiotherapy for lung cancer.
Do different methods of specimen extraction in laparoscopic low rectal cancer surgery affect loop ileostomy closure?
Authors: Chen Haipeng , Huang Fei , Yang Ming , Zhao Zhixun , Guan Xu , Liu Zheng , Jiang Zheng , Liu Qian , Zheng Zhaoxu , Wang Xishan
Published: October 2022

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare whether laparoscopic low rectal cancer surgery with three different specimen extraction methods affects loop ileostomy closure.
Materials and methods: A consecutive series of patients with low rectal cancer who underwent laparoscopic low anterior resection plus protective loop ileostomy (LAR-PLI) were enrolled. Three main techniques, namely specimen extraction through auxiliary incision (EXAI), specimen extraction through stoma incision (EXSI), and specimen eversion and extra-abdominal resection (EVER), were employed. The postoperative outcomes of the three techniques and the impact on loop ileostomy closure were compared.
Results: In all, 254 patients were enrolled in this study: 104 (40.9%) in the EXAI group, 104 (40.9%) in the EXSI group, and 46 (18.1%) in the EVER group. For primary surgery, EXAI group had significantly longer operative time (P<0.001), more intraoperative bleeding (P<0.001), longer length of abdominal incision (P＜0.001), longer time to first flatus (P<0.001), longer time to first defecation (P<0.001), longer time to first eat (P<0.001), and longer postoperative hospital stays (P=0.005) than the EXSI and EVER groups. The primary postoperative complication rate in the EXAI and EVER group was significantly higher than in the EXSI group (P=0.005). In loop ileostomy closure, EXAI group had significantly longer operative time (P=0.001), more bleeding volume and longer postoperative hospital stays (P<0.001) than the EXSI and EVER groups.
Conclusions: All three techniques of LAR-PLI for low rectal cancer were safe and feasible, but specimen extraction via EXAI had no advantages in terms of early postoperative recovery and loop ileostomy closure.
Cohort Profile: CITIC-Xiangya Assisted Reproductive Technology Cohort (CXART Cohort)
Authors: Ma Shujuan , Xiong Yiquan , Hu Liang , Peng Yangqin , Wang Xiaojuan , Tan Lu , Hocher Berthold , Sun Xin , Tan Jing , Lin Ge
Published: October 2022

To address the data source gap between the wide use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) and deficiencies in clinical and biological research, the CITIC-Xiangya Assisted Reproductive Technology (CXART) Cohort began to enroll infertile patients who attended the Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya for ART treatment since January 2016, and enrollment is expected to be completed in January 2026. By November 30, 2020, 223,494 ART cycles were recorded from 119,590 infertile couples. In addition to the detailed medical, treatment and laboratory records, examination and detection results, billing information captured from the hospital’s pre-designed and ART-specialized electronic medical records system; and follow-up data at four time points (14 and 28 days after transfer, 42 days and 1 year after delivery) collected by the active follow-up team, we also investigated lifestyle habits, environmental exposure, dietary nutrition and psychological emergencies of 26,747 infertile couples by proactive investigation. To date, a total of 71,689 biological samples have been collected from infertile couples, including peripheral blood, follicular fluid, cumulus cells, and semen. The cohort has the capacity to examine the causes and elucidate the mechanisms of infertility, novel therapeutic targets, and better reproductive outcomes, and provides a theoretical basis for the exploration of personalized precision medicine, especially in Chinese populations.
The Knowledge Mapping of HIV/AIDS in Indonesians Living on Six Major Islands Using the Indonesian Version of the HIV-KQ-18 Instrument
Authors: Arifin Bustanul , Rokhman M. Rifqi , Zulkarnain Zulkarnain , Perwitasari Dyah Aryani , Manggau Marianti , Rauf Saidah , Noor Rasuane , Padmawati Retna Siwi , Massi Muhammad Narum , Schans Jurjen van der , Postma Maarten J.
Published: October 2022

Background
Indonesia's total number of HIV/AIDS cases is still high. Inadequate knowledge about the risk of HIV infection will influence HIV prevention and therapy. This study aimed to map the level of HIV-related knowledge among Indonesians living on six major islands in Indonesia and investigate the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and HIV/AIDS knowledge.
Methods
This cross-sectional study used the Bahasa Indonesia version of the HIV Knowledge Questionnaire-18 items (HIV-KQ-18) Instrument. Data collection was done online through the Google form application.
Results
A total of 5,364 participants were recruited. The participants from Java had the highest degree of HIV/AIDS knowledge, which was 12.5% higher than participants from Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Papua, and Maluku. Linear regression showed that region, educational level, monthly expenditure, occupation, background in health sciences, and workshop attendance were significantly correlated with HIV knowledge. Participants typically understand that "HIV/AIDS transmission" only happens when sex partners are changed. Additionally, the government still needs improvement in HIV/AIDS education, particularly in the HIV incubation period, HIV transmission from pregnant women to the fetus, and condom use as one method of protection.
Conclusion
There are disparities in HIV/AIDS knowledge levels among the major islands of Indonesia. Based on these findings, the government's health promotion program to increase public awareness of HIV/AIDS must be implemented vigorously. Additionally, in line with our research findings, it is essential to broaden the scope of HIV/AIDS education and promotion materials.
A randomized Multi-index sequential Monte Carlo method
Authors: Cotter Simon L. , Law Kody J. H. , Liang Xinzhu , Yang Shangda
Published: October 2022

We consider the problem of estimating expectations with respect to a target distribution with an unknown normalizing constant, and where even the unnormalized target needs to be approximated at finite resolution. Under such an assumption, this work builds upon a recently introduced multi-index Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) ratio estimator, which provably enjoys the complexity improvements of multi-index Monte Carlo (MIMC) and the efficiency of SMC for inference. The present work leverages a randomization strategy to remove bias entirely, which simplifies estimation substantially, particularly in the MIMC context, where the choice of index set is otherwise important. Under reasonable assumptions, the proposed method provably achieves the same canonical complexity of MSE$^{-1}$ as the original method, but without discretization bias. It is illustrated on examples of Bayesian inverse problems.
FAM3 family genes are associated with prognostic value of human cancer: a pan-cancer analysis
Authors: Dong Qingtai , Ma Dandan , Gong Qi , Lin Zhenyu , Li Zhonghu , Ye Jiaxin , Qin Chunhui , Jin Weidong , Zhang Jianxin , Zhang Zhiyong
Published: October 2022

Background: Family with sequence similarity three member (FAM3) plays a crucial role in the malignant development of various cancers of human. Our study aimed to investigate the role of FAM3 family genes in prognosis, immune subtype, tumor immune microenvironment, stemness score, and anticancer drug sensitivity of pan-cancer.
Methods: The expression, survival, immune subtype, tumor microenvironment, stemness score, and anticancer drug sensitivity analysis data of FAM3 family genes associated with pan-cancer from UCSC Xena GDC and CellMiner databases. Furthermore, we investigated the tumor cellular functions and clinical prognostic value FAMC3 in pancreatic cancer (PAAD) using cellular experiments and tissue microarray.
Results: The results revealed that FAM3 family genes are significantly differential expression in tumor and adjacent normal tissues in 7 cancers (CHOL, HNSC, KICH, LUAD, LUSC, READ, and STAD). The expression of FAM3 family genes were negatively related with the RNAss, and robust correlated with immune type, tumor immune microenvironment and drug sensitivity. Meanwhile, overexpression FAM3C promoted PAAD cell proliferation, migration, invasion and suppressed PAAD cell apoptosis. While knockdown of FAM3C triggered opposite results. High FAM3C expression was associated with duodenal invasion, differentiation and liver metastasis.
Conclusion: This study provided a new perspective on the potential therapeutic role of FAM3 family genes in pan-cancer. In particular, FAM3C may be a new marker for PAAD, providing a new idea for the treatment of PAAD.
Risk assessment of cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules with integrated molecular testing and repeat biopsy: a surgical decision-oriented tool
Authors: Guan Xuhuizi , Yu Tian , Zhang Zheng , Chen Lan , Yan An , Li Yao , Li Jiankun , Wang Dongdong , Sun Jie , Wang Feiliang , Miao Gang
Published: October 2022

Background: The preoperative diagnosis of cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules (ITNs) is very challenging. In this study, we aim to provide an integrated risk assessment for thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology to guide surgical decision-making.
Methods: The study retrospectively included 265 ITNs between June 2019 and April 2022. According to our integrated risk assessment that includes the results of blood tests, molecular tests and repeat fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), we divided the ITNs into high-risk and low-risk groups. Performance was evaluated with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value(NPV), area under the receiver operating characteristiccurve (AUC), and the consistency between the risk evaluation and histological results.
Results:Of the 265 ITNs, 87 were included in the risk assessment process. The risk assessment had a sensitivity of 84.1%, specificity of 83.3%, PPV of 95.1%, NPV of 57.7% and AUC of 0.837. The nodules with consistent results between the risk groups and histological outcomes, which included malignant cases in the high-risk group and benign cases in the low-risk group, accounted for 83.9% of all risk-assessed nodules.
Conclusions: These data suggest that the integrated risk assessment might provide proper information for surgical decision-making in patients with ITNs.
Perceptible Sentiment Analysis of Students' WhatsApp Group Chats in Valence, Arousal, and Dominance Space
Authors: Roy Baishali , Das Sourav
Published: October 2022

Sentiment analysis is a vastly established domain for social media monitoring, feedback insights, and commercial or political campaigns, as it allows us to gain an overview of the wider public opinion on certain topics. Nowadays, different social media platforms play a crucial role in web-based sentiment analysis and emotion detection from distinct perspectives. Likewise, WhatsApp is probably the most popular messaging app, allowing users to send messages, images, audio, or videos. However, it is still highly under-explored for any type of linguistic synthesis and analysis. Like many other groups of people, students use WhatsApp for various purposes, even more since the last two years of the pandemic phase. For instance, class communication, study group communication, etc. In this paper, we present a novel approach to analyze the sentiments and emotions of students in valence, arousal, and dominance space by classifying the messages from their WhatsApp group chat. The emotional dimensions of Valence, Arousal and Dominance (VAD) can derive a person’s interest (attraction), level of activation, and perceived level of control for a particular situation from textual communication. We propose a vanilla SVM model fused with a language classifier to calculate each message's sentiment ratings. Finally, using the SVM classifier we classify the sentiment ratings concerning the degree of the VAD scale. The data were analyzed using a qualitative content analysis method. The results of the study in the form of cumulative sentiment scale and sentiment clustering in VAD space reveal that the students' WhatsApp groups were mostly used for sharing information, exchanging ideas, and discussing issues, with mostly neutral to positive sentiment viewpoints for the provided topics of discussions.
A semiautomated radiomics model based on multimodal spectral CT for preoperative discriminating of the invasiveness of pure ground-glass nodules.
Authors: Wang Yue , Chen Hebing , Chen Yuyang , Guang Zhongzhen , Huang Haoyu , Sun Peng , Zhang Xiaohui , Wan Yiliang , Li Lingli , Ye Tianhe , Pan Feng , Yang Lian
Published: October 2022

Background
To investigate the value of dual-layer spectral CT-based multimodal radiomics in accessing the invasiveness of lung adenocarcinoma manifesting as ground glass nodules (GGNs).
Method
In this study, 125 GGNs with pathologically confirmed preinvasive adenocarcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma were divided into a training set (n = 87) and a test set (n = 38). Each lesion was automatically detected and segmented by the pre-trained neural networks (SCPM-Net and 3D-RCNN), and 63 multimodal radiomic features were extracted. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was used to select target features, and a rad-score was constructed in the training set. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to establish a joint model which combined age, gender, and the rad-score. Diagnostic performance of the two models were compared by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and precision-recall (PR) curve. The test set was used to evaluate the predictive performance and calibration of the model.
Results
Five radiomic features (a_ED_original_firstorder_90Percentile, a_ID_original_firstorder_Entropy, p_original_shape_Maximum2DDiameterSlice, v_ED_original_firstorder_90Percentile and v_Zeff_original_firstorder_Uniformity) were selected. In the training and test sets, the AUC of the radiomics model was 0.896 (95% CI: 0.830, 0.962) and 0.881 (95% CI: 0.777, 0.985) respectively, and the AUC of the joint model was 0.932 (95% CI: 0.882–0.982) and 0.887 (95% CI: 0.786, 0.988) respectively. There was no significant difference in AUC between the training and test sets (0.896 vs. 0.932, p = 0.088; 0.881 vs. 0.887, p = 0.480).
Conclusion
Multimodal radiomics based on dual-layer spectral CT showed good predictive performance in differentiating the invasiveness of GGNs, which could assist in the decision of clinical treatment strategies.
Risk factors associated with prolonged postoperative intensive care unit stay in total anomalous pulmonary venous connection
Authors: Huang Jinjin , Tang Jian , Fan Yong , Wang Dongpi , Ye Lifen
Published: October 2022

Objective
Prolonged intensive care unit stay occupies medical resources and increases medical cost. The present study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with prolonged postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) stay in total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC).
Methods
The medical records of 85 patients who underwent TAPVC correction surgery were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the prolonged stay group and the standard stay group. The prolonged stay group included all the patients exceeding the 75th percentile for duration of ICU stay, and the standard stay group included all the remaining patient. The effect of patient variables on the ICU stay duration was investigated using univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis.
Results
The median age of 85 patients was 41 (18–103) days, median weight was 3.80 (3.30–5.35) kg. According to the grouping criteria, the postoperative duration of ICU stay in prolonged stay group (n = 23) was 11–68 days and the postoperative duration of ICU stay in standard stay group (n = 62) was 2–10 days. Preoperative lower saturation of pulse oximetry (SpO2), intraoperative higher plasma lactate level and prolonged postoperative mechanical ventilation were independent risk factors for prolonged ICU stay in children with TAPVC. When the preoperative SpO2 was lower than 88.5%, the highest plasma lactate value was more than 4.15 mmol/L, and the postoperative mechanical ventilator duration was longer than 53.5 hours, the risk of prolonged ICU stay was increased. Young age, low body weight, subcardiac type, need for vasoactive drug support, emergency operation, long anesthesia time, low SpO2 after anesthesia induction, long cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time and aortic clamp time, high level lactate, low temperature and large volume of ultrafiltration during CPB, large amount chest drainage, large red blood cells (RBCs) and plasma transfusion, postoperative cardiac dysfunction might be associated with prolonged ICU stay.
Conclusions
Preoperative lower SpO2, intraoperative higher plasma lactate level and prolonged postoperative mechanical ventilation were independent risk factors for prolonged ICU stay in children with TAPVC. When the SpO2 was lower than 88.5%, the highest plasma lactate value was more than 4.15 mmol/L, and the postoperative mechanical ventilator duration was longer than 53.5 hours, the risk of prolonged ICU stay was increased. Improved clinical management including early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention to reduce hypoxia time, intraoperative cardiac function protection, etc. can help to reduce ICU stay time.
High-performance flipped voltage follower based low input resistance current mirror with wide current mirroring range and high output resistance
Authors: Jindal Caffey , Pandey Rishikesh
Published: October 2022

This paper presents a high performance current mirror with a large current mirroring range. The advantages of folded flipped voltage follower (FVF) cell and super cascode transistor are combined in proposed current mirror, which make it suitable for high performance applications. The folded FVF cell provides low resistance node which is utilized to inject the input current and therefore, proposed current mirror shows input resistance of 24.15 Ω. By employing a super cascode transistor at the output node, the output resistance is increased to 28.3 G. The presented current mirror achieves bandwidth of 280 MHz and wide current mirroring range of 0 to 500 µA. The suggested current mirror is designed using CMOS technology at 0.18 µm in virtuoso, and it is simulated using Cadence’s spectre. The physical layout has been made using the layout XL editor. The efficiency of the proposed current mirror is shown by post-layout simulation results.
Capnodynamic monitoring of lung volume and pulmonary blood flow during alveolar recruitment: a prospective observational study in postoperative cardiac patients
Authors: Keleher Elise , Iftikhar Hareem , Schulz Luis F , McCanny Peter , Austin Danielle , Stewart Antony , O’Regan William , Hallbäck Magnus , Wallin Mats , Aneman Anders
Published: October 2022

Purpose

Alveolar recruitment manoeuvres may mitigate ventilation and perfusion mismatch after cardiac surgery. Monitoring the efficacy of recruitment manoeuvres should provide concurrent information on pulmonary and cardiac changes.

Methods

This study in postoperative cardiac patients applied capnodynamic monitoring of changes in end-expiratory lung volume and effective pulmonary blood flow. Alveolar recruitment was performed by incremental increases in positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) to a maximum of 15 cmH2O from a baseline of 5 cmH2O over 30 minutes. The change in systemic oxygen delivery index after the recruitment manoeuvre was used to identify responders (> 10% increase) with all other changes (≤ 10%) denoting non-responders. Mixed factor ANOVA using Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons was used to denote significant changes (p < 0.05) reported as mean differences and 95%CI. Changes in end-expiratory lung volume and effective pulmonary bloods flow were correlated using Pearson’s regression.

Results

Twenty-seven (42%) of 64 patients were responders increasing oxygen delivery index by 172 (95%CI 61 — 2984) mL min− 1 m− 2 (p < 0.001). End-expiratory lung volume increased by 549 (95%CI 220 — 1116) mL (p = 0.042) in responders associated with an increase in effective pulmonary blood flow of 1140 (95%CI 435 — 2146) mL min− 1 (p = 0.012) compared to non-responders. A positive correlation (r = 0.79, 95%CI 0.59 — 0.90, p < 0.001) between increased end-expiratory lung volume and effective pulmonary blood flow was only observed in responders.

Conclusions

Capnodynamic monitoring of end-expiratory lung volume and effective pulmonary blood flow early in postoperative cardiac patients identified a characteristic parallel increase in both lung volume and perfusion after the recruitment manoeuvre in patients with a significant increase in oxygen delivery.
This study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05082168, 18th of October 2021).
Renewable electricity capacity planning with uncertainty at multiple scales * † ‡
Authors: Ferris Michael C. , Philpott Andy
Published: October 2022

We formulate and compare optimization models of investment in renewable generation using a suite of social planning models that compute optimal generation capacity investments for a hydro-dominated electricity system where inflow uncertainty results in a risk of energy shortage. The models optimize the (possibly risk-adjusted) cost of capacity expansion and operation allowing for investments in hydro, geothermal, solar, wind, and thermal plant, as well as battery storage for smoothing load profiles. A novel feature is the integration of uncertain seasonal hydroelectric energy supply and short-term variability in renewable supply in a two-stage stochastic programming framework. The models are applied to data from the New Zealand electricity system and used to estimate the costs of moving to a 100 % renewable electricity system by 2035. We also explore the outcomes obtained when applying different forms of CO2 constraint that limit respectively non-renewable capacity, non-renewable generation, and CO2 emissions on average, almost surely, or in a chance-constrained setting, and show how our models can be used to investigate the merits of a proposed pumped-hydro scheme in New Zealand’s South Island.
Three main short-chain fatty acids attenuate 5-FU-induced THP-1 cells inflammation via glycerolphospholipid and sphingolipid metabolism
Authors: Zhang Yanyan , Wu Liang , Yang Changshui , Mao Haoyu , Wang Chengyin
Published: October 2022

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a common antitumor drug, but there is no effective treatment for its side effect, intestinal mucositis. The inflammatiory reaction of macrophages in intestinal mucosa induced by 5-FU is an important cause of intestinal mucositis. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of the three main short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), sodium acetate (NaAc), sodium propionate (NaPc), and sodium butyrate (NaB), on human mononuclear macrophage-derived THP-1 cells induced by 5-FU. The inhibition mechanism of macrophage inflammation was studied by untargeted metabolomics. The THP-1 cells were pre-incubated with 100 μmol/L of NaAc, NaPc, and NaB for 24 h, then treated with 2.5 mmol/L 5-FU for 24 h. The expressions of ROS, NF-κB p65, NLRP3 inflammasome, pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines were determined, and the cell metabolites was analyed by untargeted metabolomics techniques. It is found that the three main SCFAs could inhibite the pro-inflammation factors expressions including NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-6 when treated with 5-FU. The ROS expression and NF-κB pathway activity of THP-1 cell were inhibited by the three main SCFAs pre-incubated. Our results indicated that the three main SCFAs can effectively suppress the THP-1 cell inflammation via ROS/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway, and affect 20 kinds of THP-1 cell metabolites which belong to amino acids and phosphatidylcholine. These significantly altered metabolites were involved in amino acid metabolism, glycerolphospholipid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism., This is the first time that the three main SCFA had been found to inhibit 5-FU-induced macrophage inflammation through the above metabolic pathways through untargeted metabolomics.