bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on the Integration Model of Chinese Modern Style Education and Marxist Philosophy-related Development Theories
Authors:   Zhejiang Business Technology Institute, Jing Guohua
Published: July 2023

As a country with rich historical tradition and cultural heritage, China has always adhered to the concept of people-oriented and comprehensive development education, and is committed to cultivating socialist builders and successors with morality, wisdom, innovation, and practical ability. Marxism is the theoretical cornerstone of scientific socialism, and the Chineseization of Marxism is the combination of Marxist theory with the actual situation in China, gradually forming a Marxist theoretical system and practical path with Chinese characteristics. In the process of Chinese-style modernized education, the idea of Marxist Chineseization of the times is fused with China's modern education philosophy to form a unique education development model that is in line with China's national conditions. The article discusses the integration mode of Marxism Chineseization and Chinese-style modernized education, to provide some useful inspiration and reference for China's educational reform and development.
THE RIGHTS OF AUTISTS IN BRAZILIAN LEGISLATION
Authors: Juliane Barros Generoso Cibele , Cristiane Barros Moreira Érica
Published: July 2023

The Federal Constitution of Brazil ensures, since 1988, that every citizen has a public, free, secular and quality education, regardless of their social, financial or physical conditions. The Declaration of Human Rights (1945) provides that every citizen has the right to live a life of freedom, justice, equality and equity. In this sense, laws are important instruments that ensure that such rights are enforced. In this way, we define as the general objective of this article to understand in the legislation what are the rights that autistic people have and what is assured to them. Through the specific objectives we will conceptualize the term “autism”, we will dialogue about the characteristics of these subjects and we will reflect on their inclusion in the educational space. The research was developed based on qualitative methodology, literature review and legislation study. It is argued that the theme is relevant, since the citizen’s quality of life and the realization of their rights must be a struggle for the whole of society in general. We believe that debate, research and reflection constitute valuable means for building an inclusive, fair and democratic society.
Efficiency of the d-240 diesel engine by adding a water-methanol mixture to the air supply system
Authors:   State Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals, Ivanov Konstantin , Storozhev Ivan
Published: July 2023

In this article, we have reviewed the process of supplying methanol to the diesel engine power system. The scheme of water-methanol supply to the air supply system of the d-240 engine was presented. The selection of nozzles was carried out, for the best dispersed spray at an operating pressure of 7MPa, the supply of water-methanol to each nozzle was adjusted at an average liquid flow rate of 30 ml / minute. The next stage of development of our development will begin with laboratory tests of the working model. Keywords: METHANOL, INJECTION, PRESSURE, SPRAYER, NOZZLE, VALVE, PRESSURE REDUCER, PUMP, WATER, SPRAY, DIESEL, AIR
Some Reflections of Jain Ahimsa thought on the Current COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Asia Social Science Academy, Zhan Yifang
Published: July 2023

The teaching of Non-violence (अहिंसा, Ahimsa) refers to not harming all sentient beings. It is the core idea of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and the other religions originated in India. Especially in Jainism, the teaching and practicing on “Ahimsa” were heavily emphasized. In modern times, Mahatma Gandhi's philosophy of non-violence and non-cooperative thoughts were deeply influenced by the creed of Jainism, which served as a banner to win the national independence and liberation of India from the British. The Nonviolence thinking possesses respect for one's own life, all life forms as well as restraining and balancing on three levels of one’s physical body, speech, and mindset. In order to achieve “harmlessness” in behavior, speech, and thinking. When the COVID-19 Pandemic was raging around the world since early 2020, and countries from all over the world are facing a massive crisis, the teaching of non-violence (अहिंसा, Ahimsa) in Jainism thus becoming very precious. Under the circumstances of the overwhelming consumerism addition to the deterioration of human morality. In consequence, the natural environment is seriously damaged at the global scale. Today, what will we learn from the teachings of Jain Thirthankaras, such as Mahavira, the ancient Indian philosopher and founder of Jainism? The question is becoming quite reflective.
Development Status and Economic Effects of India's Service Outsourcing
Authors:   Asia Social Science Academy, Yin Yan-E
Published: July 2023

Major multinational corporations can boost their core competitiveness, streamline the supply chain, and cut expenses by outsourcing services. India has been leading the development of the global service outsourcing business under the trend of service globalization, and its service outsourcing industry has also developed some very clear tendencies and characteristics. This paper analyzes and studies the current economic effects of India's service outsourcing industry, which is conducive to a better understanding of the current situation and prospects of India's service outsourcing. It is based on the analysis of the long-standing driving factors and unfavorable factors in the development of India's service outsourcing industry.
Exploring the Significance and Interpretation of Animal Motifs in Rock Art: A Systematic Review
Authors:   Asia Social Science Academy, Zhao Tie , Daorina Daorina , Chen Guofeng , M Omer
Published: July 2023

Rock art has been a subject of fascination for scholars, archaeologists, and enthusiasts for centuries due to its unique aesthetic qualities and cultural significance. This systematic review paper provides an overview of the significance of rock art motifs and their interpretations. Through a comprehensive analysis of the literature, we identified common rock art motifs and themes, as well as various interpretative approaches and theoretical frameworks used to understand the meanings and contexts of these motifs. The review also explores variations in interpretations across time and space and discusses the implications of these findings for rock art studies. The results reveal that rock art motifs and their interpretations are shaped by diverse cultural, social, and historical contexts, and that interdisciplinary and community-engaged research is needed to better understand, preserve, and appreciate this unique cultural heritage. The limitations and recommendations for future research are also discussed. This review contributes to our understanding of the cultural, symbolic, and aesthetic significance of rock art and highlights the importance of interdisciplinary perspectives and engagement with local communities in the study and conservation of rock art sites and cultural heritage.
Bhutan's Living Buddhist Traditions: Past, Present, and Future
Authors:   Asia Social Science Academy, Tashi Jigme , Sonam Choki
Published: July 2023

The study looks at the present state of Buddhism in Bhutan, highlighting the key features of the country's religious practices and the role of the monastic community. The research investigates how the government has incorporated Buddhist principles into its development policies, including the adoption of the Gross National Happiness (GNH) philosophy, which emphasizes the importance of spiritual and cultural values alongside economic growth. Finally, the paper explores the challenges and opportunities facing Buddhism in Bhutan in the future. The study identifies the impact of globalization, modernization, and technological advancement on Bhutan's traditional Buddhist practices and values. The research also examines the ways in which Bhutan can continue to promote and preserve its Buddhist heritage in the face of these challenges. In conclusion, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of Bhutan's living Buddhist traditions, highlighting their historical roots, present state, and future prospects. The research underscores the importance of Buddhism in shaping Bhutan's identity and provides insights into how the country can continue to preserve and promote its unique cultural heritage in the 21st century.
A Study of Bangladesh’s Maritime Strategy Options and Its Development Prospects
Authors:   Asia Social Science Academy, He hongmei
Published: July 2023

The Bay of Bengal, the largest bay in the world, is of strategic importance to the littoral countries including Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka and Thailand. With 118,000 square kilometres of territorial waters, a 200 nautical mile exclusive economic zone and a portion of the continental shelf, following the successful resolution of maritime boundary disputes with its neighbours, Bangladesh has an excellent new opportunity to make full use of the sea and its resources. Bangladesh has placed a high priority on the Blue Economy in its maritime strategy in recent years, with an emphasis on driving the country's blue economic growth and achieving sustainable development goals. The vast potential for commerce and trade, tourism, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and access to deep-water ports is an opportunity to develop Blue Economy. In view of its interests in the vast maritime areas of the Bay of Bengal, an in-depth understanding of Bangladesh's maritime strategy would be useful to gauge the overall strategic situation in the Bay of Bengal in a timely and effective manner.
Measurements of C10-C15 biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) with sorbent tubes
Authors: Hellén Heidi , Tykkä Toni , Schallhart Simon , Stratigou Evdokia , Salameh Thérèse , Iturrate-Garcia Maitane
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Biogenic Volatile Organic Compound (BVOCs; e.g. terpenes) are highly reactive compounds with very low amount fractions in the air. Due to this, their measurements are challenging and they may suffer losses during sampling, storage and analyses. In this study, the performance of an off-line technique for the measurement of BVOCs based on sorbent tubes sampling was evaluated. Even though online measurements of BVOCs are becoming more and more common, the use of sorbent tubes is expected to continue since they have greater spatial coverage compared to online GC measurements and no infrastructure is needed for sampling. Tested compounds included 8 monoterpenes, 5 sesquiterpenes and 5 oxy BVOCs, which are generally either directly emitted (1,8-cineol, linalool, bornylacetate) or oxidation products (nopinone and 4-methylacetylcyclohexene). Two sorbent materials (Tenax TA and Carbopack B) and four tube materials (stainless steel (SS), SilcoNert 1000, glass and glass coated SS) were used. The laboratory evaluations determined storage stability, breakthrough volumes, suitable tube materials, recoveries from ozone scrubbers and particulate filters and the sampling efficiency. In addition, an intercomparison between two laboratories was conducted. Of the sorbent materials Tenax TA showed acceptable results for these BVOCs, while with Carbopack B losses and increases of some compounds were detected. Studied compounds were found to be stable in Tenax TA tubes for at least one month at ±20 °C. Breakthrough tests indicated that α- and β-pinene have clearly lower breakthrough volumes in Tenax TA (4–7 and 8–26 L, respectively) than other terpenes (>160 L). SS, SilcoNert 1000 and glass were all shown to be suitable tube materials. Results from Tenax TA sorbent tube sampling agreed with online sampling for most compounds. Heated SS tubes, sodium thiosulfate filters and KI/Cu traps were found to be suitable ozone scrubbers for studied BVOCs. Tested particle filters had a greater impact on limonene than on α- and β-pinene. The laboratory intercomparison of α- and β-pinene measurements showed that in general, measured values by the two laboratories were in good agreement with Tenax TA.
Lahar events in the last 2,000 years from Vesuvius eruptions. Part 2: Formulation and validation of a computational model based on a shallow layer approach
Authors: de' Michieli Vitturi Mattia , Costa Antonio , Di Vito Mauro A. , Sandri Laura , Doronzo Domenico M.
Published: July 2023

Abstract. In this paper we present a new model for the simulation of lahars, based on the depth-averaged code IMEX-SfloW2D with new governing and constitutive equations introduced to better describe the dynamics of lahars. A thorough sensitivity analysis is carried out to identify the critical processes (such as erosion and deposition) and parameters (both numerical and physical) controlling lahar runout, using both synthetic and real cases topographies. In particular, an application of the model to a syn-eruptive lahar from a reference-size eruption from Somma-Vesuvius, affecting the Campanian Plain (Southern Italy), described in Di Vito et al. (this issue), is used in this work for the sensitivity analysis. Effects of erosion and deposition are investigated by comparing simulations with and without these processes. By comparing flow thickness and area covered by the flow and their evolution with time, we show that the modelling of both the processes is important to properly simulate the effects of the bulking and debulking and the associated changes in rheology. From a computational point of view, the comparison of simulations obtained for different numerical grids (from 25 m to 100 m), scheme order, and grain size discretization were useful to find a good compromise between resolution and computational speed. The companion paper by Sandri et al. (this issue) shows an application of the presented model for probabilistic volcanic hazard assessment for lahars from Vesuvius deposits in the Neapolitan area.
Modeling biochar effects on soil organic carbon on croplands in the MIMICS (MIcrobial-MIneral Carbon Stabilization) model
Authors: Han Mengjie , Zhao Qing , Wang Xili , Wang Ying-Ping , Ciais Philippe , Zhang Haicheng , Goll Daniel S. , Zhu Lei , Zhao Zhe , Guo Zhixuan , Wang Chen , Zhuang Wei , Wu Fengchang , Li Wei
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Biochar application in croplands aims to sequester carbon and improve soil quality, but its impact on soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics is not represented in most land models used for assessing land-based climate mitigation, therefore we are unable to quantify the effect of biochar applications under different climate conditions or land management. To fill this gap, here we implemented a submodel to represent biochar into a microbial decomposition model named MIMICS (MIcrobial-MIneral Carbon Stabilization). We first calibrate MIMICS with new representations of density-dependent microbial turnover rate, adsorption of available organic carbon on mineral soil particles, and soil moisture effects on decomposition using global field measured cropland SOC at 58 sites. The calibration of MIMICS leads to an increase in explained spatial variation of SOC from 38 % in the default version to 47 %–52 % in the updated model with new representations. We further integrate biochar in MIMICS resolving its effect on microbial decomposition and SOC sorption/desorption and optimize two biochar-related parameters in these processes using 134 paired SOC measurements with and without biochar addition. The MIMICS-biochar version can generally reproduce the short-term (≤ 6 yr) and long-term (8 yr) SOC changes after adding biochar (mean addition rate: 25.6 t ha-1) (R2 = 0.65 and 0.84) with a low root mean square error (RMSE = 3.61 and 3.31 g kg-1). Our study incorporates sorption and soil moisture processes into MIMICS and extends its capacity to simulate biochar decomposition, providing a useful tool to couple with dynamic land models to evaluate the effectiveness of biochar applications on removing CO2 from the atmosphere.
Academic health sciences libraries' outreach and engagement with North American Indigenous communities: a scoping review
Authors: Cruise Allison , Ellsworth-Kopkowski Alexis , Villezcas A. Nydia , Eldredge Jonathan , Rethlefsen Melissa L.
Published: July 2023

Objective: We sought to identify trends and themes in how academic health sciences libraries in the United States, Canada and Mexico have supported engagement and outreach with Native Americans, Alaska Natives, First Nations, and Indigenous peoples, in or from those same countries. We also sought to learn and share effective practices for libraries engaging with these communities.
Methods: We conducted a scoping review utilizing Arksey and O’Malley’s framework for scoping reviews and followed principles from JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. We searched seven bibliographic databases, E-LIS (Eprints in Library and Information Science repository), and multiple sources of grey literature. Results were screened using Covidence and Google Sheets. We reported our review according to the PRISMA and PRISMA-S guidelines. We determined types of interventions used by academic health sciences libraries in engagement with our included populations, the level of public participation reached by these interventions, what partnerships were established, and what practices emerged.
Results: Database searching returned 2,020 unique results. Additional searching resulted in 211 further unique results. Full text screening of relevant articles found 65 reports meeting criteria for inclusion. Data extraction was conducted on these programs to identify partners, intervention type, and evaluation method. The programs were categorized using the IAP2 Spectrum of Public Participation.
Conclusion: Our scoping review found that many programs were health information trainings and did not move beyond informing the public with little further involvement. The need for sustained funding, greater community participation and more publishing on engagement and outreach are discussed.
The Accuracy Analysis of Different Machine Learning Classifiers for Detecting Suicidal Ideation and Content
Authors: Dewangan Divya , Selot Smita , Panicker Sreejit
Published: July 2023

Suicide is the matter of purposely causing one’s death and suicidal ideation refers to thoughts or preoccupations with ending one’s own life. Studies have explored verbal and written communications related to suicide, including analyzing suicide notes, online discussions, and social media posts to identify linguistic and content markers that may help in early detection and intervention. The primary purpose of this study is to detect signs of risk of suicide/self-harm in social media users by investigating several frequency-based featuring and prediction-based featuring methods along with different baseline machine learning classifiers. The algorithms applied for analysis are Decision Tree, K-Nearest Neighbors, Random Forest, Multinomial Naïve Bayes, and SVM. Our experimental results showed that the best performance is obtained by the FastText embedding with SVM model having the highest accuracy of 93.76% which outperforms other baselines. The aim of this work is to learn the significance of analysis and do a comparative study of algorithms to find the best suited algorithm.
Measuring low formaldehyde exposure values in the dissection hall after embalming human body donors with ethanol-based fixation methods
Authors: Schnapper-Isl Anke , Klose Frank , Schmiedl Andreas
Published: July 2023

The dissection course plays a central role in teaching anatomy and body donors are also needed in clinical-anatomical courses. In order to reduce formaldehyde exposure of students, participants and staff during these courses, we employed fixation solutions with low formaldehyde content. In this study, we present two ethanol-based protocols, and elucidate their suitability for the dissection process and compliance with occupational exposure limits for formaldehyde and other hazardous substances. Body donors were fixed according to an ethanol- based fixation protocol for the dissection course or an ethanol-glycerin-based fixation protocol for specialist training courses. The quality of fixation was determined during the dissection process. Exposure to hazardous substances (formaldehyde, ethanol, 2-phenoxyethanol) was measured in a regular dissection course setting at different locations (room-related and person-related measurements), and exposure indices were calculated. The quality of fixation of both methods was good and fulfilled all requirements of the student dissection course and the specialist training courses, respectively. Exposure to all hazardous substances remained well below the exposure limits. Room-related air concentration measurements were 0.073/0.058 mg/m³ (2016/2017) for formaldehyde and 65/107 mg/m³ (2016/2017) for ethanol. Person-related measurements amounted to 0.107-0.229 mg/m³ for formaldehyde and 268- 388 mg/m³ for ethanol. Room-related and person- related concentrations of 2-phenoxyethanol remained below the detection limit. The ethanol-based embalming protocols presented here offer a good alternative for the different applications. The protocols are discussed regarding current regulations and further measures to reduce formaldehyde exposure.
Persepsi Petani Terhadap Kompetensi Penyuluh Pertanian di Desa Tallang Bulawang dan Saga Kecamatan Bajo Kabupaten Luwu
Authors: Lestari Ameliah , S M Zainal
Published: July 2023

Penyuluh pertanian sebagai pendamping petani dalam mengembangkan ilmu pengetahuan, perilaku serta keterampilan petani dalam mengelola usahatani. Penyuluh pertanian dituntut memiliki kompetensi yang mumpuni. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan analisis persepsi petani terhadap kompetensi penyuluh pertanian lapang dan pengaruh karakteristik petani dan penyuluh terhadap persepsi petani tentang kompetensi penyuluh. Metode penelitian ini melalui pendekatan survei dan dilakukan di Desa Saga dan Desa Tallang Bulawang Kecamatan Bajo pada bulan Agustus sampai November 2022. Populasi penelitian merupakan petani padi yang berjumlah 75 orang dan melalui teknik sensus. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Persepsi petani terhadap kompetensi penyuluh pertanian tergolong tinggi dan berkompetensi dalam melaksanakan kegiatan penyuluhan. Faktor pendidikan formal petani, status kepemilikan tanah dan lama berpengaruh positif terhadap persepsi petani tentang kompetensi penyuluh pertanian.  Berbeda dengan faktor internal penyuluh yang direfleksikan indikator umur, pendidikan formal, pelatihan yang diajarkan dan masa kerja penyuluh tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap persepsi petani tentang kompetensi penyuluh. Kata kunci: Penyuluh pertanian; kompetensi penyuluh; persepsi
Beberapa Konsentrasi Ekstrak Umbi Gadung (Dioscorea hispida Dennst.) Sebagai Insektisida Nabati Terhadap Spodoptera litura Fabr. Secara In Vitro
Authors: Najmi Novi Nafisah , Windriyanti Wiwin , Purnawati Arika
Published: July 2023

Spodoptera litura merupakan hama penting yang dapat menyebabkan kerugian cukup tinggi pada tanaman sawi dan pengendalian yang dilakukan saat ini menggunakan insektisida yang berbahaya untuk manusia dan lingkungan, menyebabkan resistensi hama, resurgensi hama, musnahnya musuh alami, dan residu pestisida pada produk pertanian sehingga perlu cara pengendalian alternatif menggunakan umbi gadung. Umbi mengandung senyawa aktif bersifat racun bagi serangga hama. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji toksisitas ekstrak umbi gadung terhadap S. litura in vitro, dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus-Desember 2022 di Laboratorium Kesehatan Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 10 perlakuan, setiap perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam dan BNJ 5%. Hasil penelitian adalah : (1) waktu kematian tercepat terjadi pada hari kedua dengan konsentrasi 9% dan 10% pada saat 4 jam setelah aplikasi dan (2) mortalitas tertinggi pada konsentrasi 9% dan 10% sebesar 100%. Nilai terendah pada konsentrasi 10% selama 25,4 jam. Nilai  dan  berturut-turut sebesar 5,40% dan 9,71%.
Uji Mortalitas Wereng Batang Coklat (Nilaparvata lugens) dengan Pestisida Nabati Ekstrak Daun Sukun (Artocarpus altili)
Authors: Yuliawati Yuliawati , Banu Luluk Syahr , Suryani Suryani
Published: July 2023

Wereng batang coklat (Nilaparvata lugens stal.) merupakan hama utama pada tanaman padi. Hama ini menyerang mulai dari fase persemaian sampai panen, pada populasi tinggi hama wereng batang coklat dapat menimbulkan kerusakan berat hingga gagal panen. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan pengendalian hama yang ramah lingkungan untuk menanggulanginya dengan menggunakan ekstrak daun sukun (Artocarpus altilis). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pemberian ekstrak daun sukun (Artocarpus altilis) pada berbagai konsentrasi terhadap mortalitas wereng batang coklat (Nilaparvata lugens stal.) serta konsentrasi efektifnya. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca dan laboratorium pestisida nabati Balai Besar Peramalan Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan Kementrian Pertanian karawang. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan RAL dengan 5 variasi konsentrasi yaitu 1 gr/lt, 3 gr/lt, 5 gr/lt, 7 gr/lt dan kontrol tanpa ekstrak daun sukun, dengan lima kali pengulangan. Metode pengujian dengan dua cara yaitu uji sifat racun kontak dan sifat racun perut yang terkandung dalam ekstrak daun sukun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi ekstrak daun sukun sebesar 7 gram/liter merupakan konsentrasi yang efektif baik pada uji sifat racun kontak maupun sifat racun perut dengan menghasilkan  mortalitas hama wereng batang coklat sebesar 74% pada uji sifat racun kontak dan 86% untuk uji sifat racun perut.Kata kunci: Pestisida nabati, ekstrak daun sukun,  wereng batang coklat
The Effect of Grit in Learners at Lifelong Educational Centers on Their Satisfaction with Education: Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Positive Psychological Capital
Authors:   The Korean Society for Lifelong Education, Choi Min A , Han Soo Jeoung
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to investigate the role of positive psychological capital as a mediator in the relationship between learners’ grit, and their satisfaction with lifelong education. In this study, we included 220 lifelong education learners over the age of 20 enrolled in lifelong education courses in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. Data analysis was conducted using the SPSS 26.0, AMOS 21.0 program. We found the following results. First, regarding the relationships between grit, positive psychological capital, and the educational satisfaction of students at lifelong education institutions, there was a statistically significant relationship between the variables. Second, positive psychological capital was found to have a mediating role in the relationship between the students’ grit levels in lifelong education institutions and their overall educational satisfaction. Based on these results, we provided practical and theoretical implications for lifelong learning and education.
Muwidang Jang Il-soon's Life and Educational Thought: Implications for Lifelong Education
Authors:   The Korean Society for Lifelong Education, Shin Min Sun
Published: July 2023

Research exploring the value of lifelong education by connecting the life of a leader who made the living ground into a place of education and led change is significant. This study aims to realize the implications of lifelong education by examining the life and educational ideology of Muwidang Jang Il-soon, who is considered to have lived as an ordinary person all his life with a consistent attitude in Korean modern history. More specifically, the meaning of teaching and the principle of lifelong education in his life are examined, and the implications of Jang Il-soon's educational thought for today's lifelong learning society are discussed. Regarding the research method, qualitative research was conducted for interpretative research, such as exploring historical data and performing a literature analysis on Jang Il-soon. In the results of the study, Jang Il-soon's teachings are presented as 'Gaemunryuha', 'Illinillgi', 'Gyohaksangjang', and 'Gyojachaesin'. The principles of lifelong education that appeared in Jang Il-soon's educational thought are categorized into 'the principle of equality', 'the principle of practice', 'the principle of coexistence', and 'the principle of liberation'. The implications of Jang Il-soon's educational thought for a lifelong learning society are identified as 'the provision of equal lifelong education opportunities', 'practice-oriented educational activities and social transformation', 'the implementation of meaning and value of learning community', 'instructors' critical reflection and action', etc. As an educator and a learner simultaneously, Jang Il-soon's educational ideology has implications for the reality of lifelong education centered on the delivery of knowledge by instructors and for the education movement and practitioners' educational activities at the private level, suggesting means for the realization of a lifelong learning society.
Interpretation of Literary Text
Authors:   Alisher Navo'i Tashkent State university of Uzbek language and literature, Sirojiddinov Shuhrat
Published: July 2023

The study guide provides a brief summary of the latest theoretical literary knowledge, excerpts from literary and linguistic studies of recent years. The second analytical part presents examples of the interpretation of the stories of English and American authors of the 20th century. The manual is intended for students of Faculty of English Philology and is designed for undergraduates and philologists.
Beliefs of Alisher Navoi
Authors:   Alisher Navo'i Tashkent State university of Uzbek language and literature, Sirojiddinov Shuhrat
Published: July 2023

Khazrat Navoi widely used the teachings of Sufism in explaining the philosophy of man and being, and in realizing the great mission of educating a perfect Man and Society. The book explains the essence of Navoi's Sufi beliefs and ideological goals by clarifying how the great intellectual approached the human phenomenon, religion and society.
The discovery and characterization of handaxes in the Baise Basin, China - with a focus on the Fengshudao site
Authors:   한국구석기학회, Wang Xi
Published: July 2023

This paper collates information on the current status of investigations and related handaxes in the Baise Basin over the last 50 years, focusing on the Fengshudao site, through a metrological analysis of handaxes Type,Shape, size, lithology and other attributes) and other areas (other sites in the Baise Basin, the Luonan Basin, the Imjin/Hantan River Basins , the Geum River Basin, the Yeongsan River Basin, the Acheulian handaxes in the western Old World) for comparative analysis and to understand their nature.
The Baise handaxe belongs to the pebble industry in southern China. Because its cultural attributes include Acheulean technology, it occupies a pivotal position in the pebble culture of southern China and Asia. From its discovery in the early 1970s to the present, in the past 50 years, relevant investigations and research have achieved scientific research results, which have attracted widespread attention from the international academic community. Therefore, Chinese academic circles have also begun to discuss the ‘Movius line’. At present, there are 41 sites containing handaxes in the Baise Basin, and a total of 499 handaxes have been found. Among them, 11 were excavated from strata, and the rest were collected from the surface.
The Fengshudao handaxes were basically made from large flakes and pebbles, with three types of stone: sandstone, quartzite and igneous rock. The sandstone is the most abundant and has the most stable ‘broadness’(B/L) and ‘flatness’(Th/B). According to the results of the metrological analysis, the ‘broadness’ (B/L) and ‘flatness’ (Th/B) indices of the Fengshudao handaxes are relatively high, and the ‘Pointness’ (B1/B2) index is relatively low. A comparison with other sites in the Baise Basin, the Luonan Basin, the Imjin/Hantan River Basins , the Geum River Basin, the Yeongsan River Basin, the Acheulian handaxes in the western Old World Acheulean handaxe shows that the Fengshudao handaxe is broader, thicker and has a more pointed base. In terms of industrial assemblages, handaxes and picks are common forms of assemblage in the Baise Basin, while Cleavers are rare, which is a clear difference from the Acheulian industry of the western Old World.
Chaucer the Mage: A Brief Exploration of Magic in the Squire’s Tale, the Canon’s Yeoman’s Tale, and the Franklin’s Tale
Authors: Driver Martha W.
Published: July 2023

For a writer so disparaging about magic, Chaucer’s understanding of occult practice seems to have been considerable. In the Squire’s Tale, magic objects drive the (truncated) plot. For the Canon’s Yeoman’s Tale, Chaucer consulted alchemical works to construct his story. And in the Franklin’s Tale, Chaucer’s vivid depictions of illusions reflect his broad knowledge of magical practice. These tales include learned references to alchemy, astral prayer, astrology (regarded, to some extent, as a science in Chaucer’s day), automata, and clerical magic, as are explored here.
Prevalence of high risk of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with stroke and its epidemiological profile
Authors: Novais Aurea Maria Lago , Rogério Beatriz Santos , Branco Renan Carvalho Castello
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disease of upper airways diagnosed with polisomnography that is well associated with stroke throught diverse mechanisms. Either because of the cost of the diagnosis or because of the incipient topic, it lacks studies about its prevalence in Brazil and the epidemiological profile. Methods: This study aims to elucidate the epidemiological profile of patients with stroke and OSA in Brazil. We performed a transversal study, part of a cohort of stroke patients. Patients were evaluated of risk of OSA with STOP-Bang and SOS scores; also,data of age,hipertension,diabetes,atril fibrillation (AF), obesity,body mass index (BMI), smoking,alcoholism,renal disfunction,dyslipid emia,asthma, sleep disorders and previous stroke were collected. Results: We obtained 190 patients: 48.9% female, mean age 63.6 ± 6.43 years, mean BMI 25.69 ± 5.64 kg/m2 , mean SOS 11.65 ± 6.43, mean STOP-Bang 3.22 ± 1.45. Twenty-six were obese, 33 alcoholic, 37 smokers, 72 hypertensive, 71 diabetic, 15 with renal disfunction, 5 asthmatics, 8 with AF, 25 dyslipidemic, 28 with sleep disorders and 56 with previous stroke. 62.1% were classified as high risk with STOP-Bang (mean age 65.62±10.18, mean BMI 26.96±5.96) of which 71 were female, 23 obese, 23 alcoholic, 26 smokers, 102 hypertensive, 51 diabetic, 15 with renal disfunction, 1 asthma, 4 AF, 13 dyslipidemic, 19 with sleep disorders and 35 with previous stroke. 54.7% were high/moderate risk with SOS: (mean age 63.11±11.89, mean BMI 26.12±6.52) of which 55 were female, 19 obese, 13 alcoholic, 19 smokers, 82 hypertensive, 44 diabetic,12 with renal disfunction, 2 asthma, 5 AF, 12 dyslipidemic, 17 with sleep disorders and 32 with previous stroke. Conclusion: An importante number of previous diseases were found in patients with high risk of OSA, which hypothetizes the role of obstructive sleep apnea in these diseases and the presence of them as comorbidities that lead to high rates of stroke and recurrence of stroke.
Poorer prognosis and higher chance of death in Guillain-Barré syndrome associated to COVID-19: a cohort study
Authors: Dousseau Gabriella Corrêa , Santos Isabel de Oliveira , Ogusuku Caroline Suemi , Arthuzo Lorrane Campidelli , Nepomuceno Camila Rodrigues , Leati Maria Fernanda Hamamoto , Estephan Eduardo de Paula , Rocha Maria Sheila Guimarães
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is the most common neuromuscular complication in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and dysimmune response has been considered as the most important mechanism. In the literature, there is a male preponderance and amongst the GBS-variants, acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) is the most common type. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of GBS hospitalization in the Brazilian health system from 1 February 2020 to 1 February 2023. Our objective was to compare the patients COVID-19 (COV19) against those of nonCOVID-19 (nCOV19). The primary outcome was poorer prognosis and the secondary outcome was in-hospital mortality. SARS-COV-2 RT-PCR testing was performed on all patients. Results: Sixty patients were included, 78.3% nCOV19 and 21.7% COV19 asymptomatic or with mild respiratory symptoms. They aged 4-79 years (IQ 27.3-61.5) with median age COV19 of 48 years (IQ 27.5-61) and nCOV19 of 43 years (IQ 25-56). The majority of COV19 were female (61.5%) and nCOV19 were male (57.4%). The most frequent subtype in both groups was AIDP, but we found 38.4% axonal forms in COV19 compared with 21.2% nCOV19 (OR 2.31; P < 0.102). When comparing Modified Erasmus GBS Outcome Score (EGOS ≥ 7), we found 46.1% in COV19 and 27.65% nCOV19 (OR 2.24; P < 0.102). In the Erasmus GBS Respiratory Insufficiency Score (EGRIS ≥ 3), we found 53.8% in COV19 and 36.2% nCOV19 (odds ratio [OR] 2.06; P < 0.125) with orotracheal Intubation in 30.7% COV19 and 27.6% nCOV19 (OR 1.16; P < 0.048). Finally, when comparing deaths, we found 15.3% in COV19 and 2.1% nCOV19 (OR 8.36; P < 0.026). Conclusion: Despite COVID-19-associated GBS does not seem to differ in clinical presentation and treatment. However, in our cohort, COV19 had a relatively poorer outcome than GBS occurring otherwise, including higher odds of in-hospital mortality.
Incidence of neurologic syndromes after diagnostic of arboviroses in reference center
Authors: Figueiredo Emilly Gomes Couto , Dias Tereza Cristina Batista , Dunga Lucas Medeiros , Almeida Fabricia dos Santos , Araujo Ana Luiza Bezerra de , Oliveira Bianca Etelvina Santos de
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Arboviruses, such as Dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), and Chikungunya (CHIKV), are infectious diseases that have become a public health challenge in Brazil. These viruses are transmitted by mosquitoes and can cause a range of symptoms, from mild flu-like illness to severe and sometimes fatal neurological syndromes. Objectives: To analyze the prevalence of neurologic syndromes related to the arboviroses in the state of Paraíba. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, documentary, descriptive, quantitative and observational study. Analysis of sociodemographic data, neurological symptoms and imaging findings from the medical records of patients with a history of ZIKV, DENV or CHIKV infection was performed. Results: This study analyzed 580 medical records, with 52 records showing arbovirus before neurological symptoms. Among which, 42 medical records were selected, 13 with confirmed serology. The majority of patients were female (78.6%). The most common arbovirus was chikungunya, followed by dengue. Regarding neurological symptoms, 24 patients had multiple sclerosis, 4 had myelitis, 3 had optic neuritis (ON), 3 had neuromyelitis optica (NMO), 1 had acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), and 7 are under investigation. Of the patients with ON, 3 reported previous infection with dengue and 2 with chikungunya (CKG). Of the patients with myelitis, 3 reported previous CKG, 1 dengue and 1 zika. The most prevalent symptoms were paresthesias (43%) and fatigue (24%). Imaging exams, 8 patients without alterations; the most frequent was a sign of hypertension in the brain (29%). Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of early detection and management of arbovirus infections to prevent the development of neurological complications. Further research is necessary to better understand the pathophysiology of these diseases and develop effective treatments.
History of neurology in Belo Horizonte: a systematic review
Authors: Silveira Laura Victória Miranda , Costa Mateus Magalhães Soares da , Pereira João Pedro de Sá
Published: July 2023

The modern neurology in Belo Horizonte was inaugurated in the late 1950s, influenced by the Rio de Janeiro´s Medical School and the international scenario. This article aims to analyze the emergence of Neurology in the capital of Minas Gerais and the influences it received. To this end, it was conducted a systematic search in electronic databases, such as Google Scholar and Scielo, using the keywords “History”, “Neurology” and “Minas Gerais”, articulated with boolean descriptors, selecting a total of three articles focused on historical approaches. In this regard, in the XIX century, modern neurology has been established on the basis of three major neurological schools in Germany, England and France, in which neurology was initiated as a medical speciality in 1882, at the Medical Faculty of the University of Paris. In Brazil, until 1911, Neurology was taught by professors of Medical Clinic and, later, by neuropsychiatrists, inaugurating the discipline of Neurology, distinct from Psychiatry, in 1912, in Rio de Janeiro´s Medical School, ruled by the “Father of Brazilian Neurology”, the professor Antônio Austregésilo Rodrigues Lima. In Belo Horizonte, the Medical School of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) was created in 1911. From this regard, until the 1950s, neurology, in Minas Gerais´ capital was exercised by neuropsychiatrists and neurosurgeons, when it was introduced modern Neurology by the doctors José Geraldo Albernaz, who, in 1962, assumed the position of full professor on neurological clinic and starts the Medical Residency in Neurosurgery at the Hospital das Clínicas of the UFMG, and Gilberto Belisário, who was oriented by Professor Albernaz and was elected, in 1997, Professor Emeritus of the Faculty of Medicine of UFMG. Therefore, neurology has gone a long way to becoming recognizedly a medical specialty in medical schools. Currently, it is the area of study of diseases of the Nervous System, whose specialist in diagnosing and treating them is the neurologist doctor.
Correlation between neurological deficit at admission and functionality at discharge of patients from a clinical hospital stroke program
Authors: Bitencourt Tamires Cristine , Costa Caio Henrique Veloso da , Mello Ana Lucia de Carvalho , Ribeiro Saulo Ramos , Domingues Renan Barros
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Stoke is one of the main causes of disability in Brazil, with an average hospital stay (HS) of 11 days and prolonged HS can generate functional impairment to patients. Objectives: To correlate neurological deficit at admission with functionality and days of HS. Methods: Patients were selected from the clinical program of post-stroke care, from March to December 2022 with HS time greater than or equal to 4 days. They were divided into 2 groups: Group 1, between 4 and 11 days of HS and group 2, greater than 11 days of HS. The Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) were applied at admission and discharge. Data analysis was performed with Microsoft Excel© 2016 with descriptive statistics, Pearson’s Correlation Test was also performed, considering P < 0.05 for the variables studied. Results: 86 subjects were included. 41 were excluded due to lack of informations in medical records, and 45 patients were analyzed. Group 1: Included 32 patients, 24 with ischemic stroke (IS), 2 hemorrhagic stroke (ICH) and 6 transient ischemic attack (TIA), 56.2% were female and 69 ± 15.2 years and 5.9 ± 15.9 days HS with 5.2 ± 4.8 points in the FIM/days of hospitalization and NIHSS admission of 2.9 ± 4.2. Group 2: 13 patients, 11 with IS, 2 ICH, 61.5% male, with 67±15.2 years, NIHSS admission of 7.3 ± 4.2, there was a gain of 1.14 ± 4.7 points in the FIM/days of hospitalization and 21.3 ± 15.7 days HS. There was a negative correlation between Days of Hospitalization and FIM/days of hospitalization (r = -0.3), Days of Hospitalization and FIM at Discharge (r = -0.57) and NIHSS admission and FIM of discharge (r = -0.6). Conclusion: We observed a correlation between neurological deficit at admission, functional outcome at discharge and time of HS related to systematized assistance to a clinical stroke program.
Atypical presentation of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient with ataxic syndrome and retrovirus with infra-tentorial involvement: a case report
Authors: Silva Diógenes Emanuel Dantas da , Ribeiro Roberta Lessa , Dantas Iony Santana Santos , Fernandes Lucca Ferdinando Queiroz , Guimarães Matheus Procópio , Dias Tereza Cristina Batista , Dantas Iury Hélder Santos
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare demyelinating disease of the central nervous system caused by reactivation of the JC virus. It usually occurs in immunocompromised patients. The majority of PML cases present with supratentorial involvement. In contrast, infratentorial involvement is exceedingly rare in PML. The aim to report an atypical presentation of PML in a patient with ataxic syndrome and retrovirus with infra-tentorial involvement. This is a case report study. The information of this work was obtained through review of the medical record. Case report: A 38-year-old, female, HIV-infected since 2015 and started antiretroviral therapy only in 2018. In June 2019, she developed paresthesia in lower limbs, imbalance and difficulty walking, requiring support. Two months later she evolved with dysphagia, dysarthria, and limitation in activities of daily living. In September 2019, she presented for evaluation in a wheelchair. On neurological examination, she had bi-directional horizontal nystagmus, cervical dystonic tremor, global ataxia, altered deep sensation and spastic gait. Her metabolic profile was normal. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed atrophy of the cerebellar leaflets and vermis associated with extensive T2/FLAIR inversion recovery hyperintensities involving the cerebellum and bilateral middle cerebellar peduncle. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed hyperproteinorraquia and posterior examination revealed positive JC virus DNA. Conclusion: In the diagnosis approach of acquired ataxias, it is essential to establish a propaedeutic directed to the patient’s clinical context. Investigating opportunistic infectious diseases is essential in care and treatment especially for immunosuppressed patients.