bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diseño de un prototipo de sembrador mecánica de granos, alternativa agrícola
Authors: García-León Ricardo Andrés , Avendaño-Quintero Álvaro , Suarez-Castrillón Sir Alexci
Published: December 2021

El presente proyecto se apoya en la metodología proyectiva, que principalmente se fundamenta en los requerimientos o necesidades de organizaciones o grupos sociales, la cual se basa en la formulación de nuevas tecnologías, diseños, métodos o procesos que brinden una solución acertada al campo de acción. En consecuencia de ello con el avance y la apertura de nuevos mercados en el sector agrícola colombiano, específicamente en la zona nortesantandereana que se ha visto rezagado con el tiempo, debido a que la producción en el sector no cuenta con la tecnología necesaria para la optimización de los métodos y procedimientos adecuados para mejorar el  cultivo, en donde pueda ser competitivo tanto nacional como internacionalmente. Es por esta razón que surge la idea de desarrollar una sembradora mecánica de granos como solución al problema que se ha venido presentando en el sector agrícola y sea una alternativa económica, eficiente y de fácil manipulación humana.
Estrategia para el control de contaminación de fluidos en el tren de potencia de equipos mineros
Authors: Espinel-Blanco Edwin Edgardo , Flórez-Solano Eder Norberto , Guerrero-Gómez Gustavo
Published: December 2021

Los contaminantes en los Fluidos de un sistema de transmisión de potencia son la principal causa del mal funcionamiento y desgaste de la maquinaria, el control efectivo de la contaminación es la principal estrategia cuando se trata de implementar la filosofía del Mantenimiento Proactivo (Controlar y eliminar la causa de la falla). En la Empresa Carbones de la Jagua (CDJ) dedicada a la extracción de carbón a cielo abierto, se presentaban continuas fallas en los equipos mineros durante el periodo de garantía ocasionados por la degradación de los lubricantes y la contaminación del combustible, lo que obligaba al proveedor GECOLSA a responder por los daños en las máquinas, los cuales consumían grandes cantidades de recursos (mano de obra, repuestos, insumos), esto obligo a GECOLSA a diseñar unas estrategias que les permitió controlar los niveles de contaminación en los fluidos (en este caso las partículas microscópicas presentes en los aceites, grasas y combustible) para disminuir las fallas durante el periodo de garantía de los componentes. Se estableció el plan de control de contaminantes, que consiste en aplicación de tareas proactivas de limpieza e inspección y en una estandarización de los procedimientos para realizar dichas actividades y los trabajos de mantenimientos programados, además se aplicaron los principios del mantenimiento productivo para organizar el taller y el almacén de repuestos.
Automatización de un sistema de extracción, llenado y distribución de agua potable en Ocaña, Colombia
Authors: Pérez-Rojas Eduar , Lobo-Guerrero Camilo , Sánchez-Quintana Duvan
Published: December 2021

En la presente investigación se llevó a cabo el diseño de una propuesta del sistema de automatización para la extracción, llenado y distribución de agua potable en el municipio de Ocaña, Colombia. Inicialmente, se determinó la ubicación geográfica de la planta de tratamiento de agua potable del algodonal, tanques de distribución y el punto geográfico más alto del municipio, con la finalidad de establecer la estrategia de comunicación y control de las etapas de llenado y distribución de agua en los tanques. Los resultados demuestran que el corregimiento de Pueblo Nuevo es el punto geográfico estratégico donde se debe ubicar la antena repetidora para evitar interferencias de señal del control de los tanques. Finalmente, gracias a las estrategias de control y comunicación diseñada, se optimiza la perdida de agua relacionadas con daños externos en el sistema de acueducto y por lo tanto beneficiando económicamente a la empresa del municipio.
Determinación de los parámetros dinámicos en depósitos sedimentarios de Ocaña Norte de Santander, mediante métodos geofísicos
Authors: Martinez-Ovallos Ciro Andrey , Gallardo-Amaya Romel Jesús , Afanador-García Nelson
Published: December 2021

Las propiedades dinámicas determinan el comportamiento elástico de los suelos, y su cálculo es de interés en el estudio de la interacción-suelo estructura. En la ciudad de Ocaña se desconoce el valor de estas propiedades, por lo cual se desarrollaron un conjunto de ensayos geofísicos para la medición de ondas primarias y posterior cálculo de las propiedades que permitirían hacer un mejor análisis dinámico del suelo. Inicialmente se seleccionaron los sitios para la realización de los ensayos de Refracción sísmica y Análisis Multicanal de Ondas Superficiales. Posteriormente se inició la etapa de procesamiento con el software SeisImager/2D y SeisImager/SW2D para determinar el valor de la velocidad de onda P y S. Mediante fórmulas de la teoría de elasticidad se determinaron las propiedades dinámicas del suelo y finalmente se realiza un análisis estadístico de los resultados, se pudo determinarque la mayor parte de la ciudad de Ocaña se encuentra constituida por una formación geológica de origen sedimentario, compuesta por materiales areno-arcillosos y arcillo-limosos de alta plasticidad. Los valores promedio en estos materiales son: módulo de rigidez entre 135,98MPa y 242,19MPa, módulo de elasticidad entre 709,51MPa y 364,71MPa y coeficiente de Poisson entre 0,393 y 0,467.
A Novel High-Throughput Chaotic Advection Microreactor for the Preparation of Uniform BaSO4 Nanoparticles
Authors: Yang Hua , Wei Shi-Xiao , Chen Han , Chen Lang , Au Chak-tong , Xie Ting-Liang , Yin Shuang-Feng
Published: December 2021

Owing to high mixing efficiency, microreactors are used to synthesize
uniform BaSO4 nanoparticles, but application in industrial scale is
limited due to poor throughput. In this work, a high-throughput passive
four-stage asymmetric oscillating feedback microreactor using chaotic
mixing mechanism was developed to prepare BaSO4 nanoparticles of high
size uniformity. Three-dimensional unsteady simulations showed that
chaotic mixing could be induced by three unique secondary flows (i.e.,
vortex, recirculation, and oscillation), and the fluid oscillation
mechanism was examined in detail. Simulations and Villermaux-Dushman
experiments indicate that almost complete mixing in molecular level
could be achieved when total volumetric flow rate Qtotal was larger than
10 mL/min, and the prepared BaSO4 nanoparticles were with narrow
particle size distribution (PSD). Through the adjustment of Qtotal and
reactant concentrations, it is easy to control the average size. An
average size of 26 nm with narrow PSD could be achieved at Qtotal = 160
mL/min.
ClPIF3-ClHY5 module regulates ClPSY1 to promote watermelon fruit lycopene accumulation in advance under supplementary red lighting
Authors: Lv Tinghui , Zhang Shuting , Guan Jingyue , Li Meng , Xing Qiaojuan , Qi Hongyan
Published: December 2021

Lycopene content is one of important factor for determining watermelon
fruit quality. In this study, a small-type watermelon was grown in a
greenhouse with supplementary red lighting 10 h per day after
pollination 10 days. The results showed that supplementary red lighting
promoted the lycopene accumulation earlier in watermelon flesh than the
control. qRT-PCR analysis showed that among the lycopene metabolism
pathway genes, ClPSY1 (phytoene synthase) expression increased
significantly. Moreover, we identified PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORS 3
(ClPIF3) and bZIP transcription factor ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (ClHY5) in
watermelon flesh, and red light has opposing effects on ClHY5 and
ClPIF3 expression levels. The interaction experiments showed that
ClHY5, a potent ClPIF3 antagonist, regulated ClPSY1 expression by
directly targeting a common promoter cis-element (G-box). Collectively,
our findings unraveled that ClHY5 and ClPIF3 form a dynamic
activation-suppression transcriptional module responsive to red light
cues to regulate watermelon lycopene accumulation.
Population-based Carrier Screening for Spinal Muscular Atrophy in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Jumah Mohammed Al , Rajeh Saad Al , Eyaid Wafaa , Al-Jedai Ahmed , Mudaiheem Hajar Al , Shaheri Ali Al , Hussein Mohammed , Abdulkareem Ibrahim Al
Published: December 2021

Spinal Muscular Dystrophy (SMA) is one of the leading causes of death in
children from heritable diseases. It is reported that the incidence of
SMA is higher in the Saudi population. 4198 healthy volunteers between
18 to 25 years old were included in this study of which (54.7% males vs
45.3% females). Whole blood was spotted from finger pricks onto IsoCode
StixTM and genomic DNA was isolated using one triangle from the machine.
Carrier frequency and population-level data were used to estimate the
prevalence of SMA in the population utilizing the life table method.
Results showed the presence of one copy of the SMN1 gene in 108
samples, two copies in 4090 samples, and a carrier frequency of 2.6%.
Carrier figurine was twofold in females and 27% of participants were
children of first-cousin marriages. The birth incidence of SMA was
estimated to be 32 per 100,000 birth and the total number of people
living with SMA in KSA to be 2,265 of which 188 are type I, 1,213 are
type II, and 864 are type III. The SMA carrier rate of 2.6 % in Saudi
subjects is slightly higher than the reported global frequency with
links to the consanguineous marriages.
Intrahousehold Responses to Imbalanced Human Capital Subsidies: Evidence from the Philippine Conditional Cash Transfer Program
Authors: Raitzer David A. , Batmunkh Odbayar , Yarcia Damaris
Published: December 2021

This paper looks at investments in children’s health and education among participants of the Philippine conditional cash transfer program. It suggests reforms to incentivize more balanced investments in all the children of each family.
Psychological care for HIV-infected patientsat the St. Petersburg AIDS Center: history and the present time
Authors: Koltsova O. V.
Published: December 2021

The psychological state of people living with HIV is suffering from the moment when the diagnosis of HIV infection is perceived to the onset of remission during treatment. To achieve real effectiveness of HIV treatment, it is important to use not only the potential of modern pharmacotherapy, it is equally important that all people living with HIV receive psychological support in overcoming the difficulties arising from daily regular intake of drugs throughout their lives. Psychologists who are working at the AIDS Center are ready and conduct crisis counseling, extended counseling on adherence to treatment, psychological diagnostics to identify disorders which prevent the initiation and continuation of drug therapy, psychological correction in case of treatment interruptions. The use of traditional psychological methods should be based on knowledge of the characteristics of the disease and the specific treatment of HIV-infected people, which is currently being acquired in real clinical conditions. The article summarizes the many years of experience of the team of psychologists at the St. Petersburg AIDS Center and presents a model of modern psychological care for HIV-infected people based on knowledge of the characteristics of the disease, its prevention and specific treatment.
Damaging effects of vaccine geopolitics and the EU’s distorted soft power
Authors: Petrovic Milos , Jeremic Zlatan
Published: December 2021

The authors deliberate that the EU?s soft power leadership has been
inadequate during certain periods of the pandemic, being additionally
challenged by proactive campaigns of other international actors. According
to the authors, such EU underperformance primarily lies in the damaging fact
that the Union perceives and treats aspects like the inoculation process not
solely as a health-humanitarian issue, but also as a geostrategic activity.
The authors consider that EU logic has been largely shaped by the
pre-existing geopolitical distaste for China and Russia, and hence also
their subsequent COVID-19-related engagement in Europe. Apart from strategic
rivalries, EU international status has been exacerbated by deteriorating
relations with the UK. According to the authors, the aforementioned
international actors have been applying various soft power instruments
during the mass inoculation process against COVID-19 in Europe, which also
resulted in consequences that are usually attributed to hard power.
Antagonisms between the abovementioned stakeholders manifest in unfavorable
phenomena such as ?vaccine nationalism? and ?jab geopolitics?. The authors
argues that a less selective, and more flexible and pragmatic approach would
have been more beneficial both for public health and the EU?s impaired
reputation in certain parts of CEE.
Spontaneous splenic rupture in marginal zone lymphoma at presentation
Authors: Grubor Nikica , Colovic Natasa , Terzic Tatjana
Published: December 2021

nema
Responses against infectious disease pandemics: a narrative review on COVID-19
Authors: Chung Doo Ryeon
Published: December 2021

Currently, the world is facing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. With this, an emerging infectious disease pandemic in the absence of effective antiviral agents and vaccines for a novel virus is no different from the 1918 influenza pandemic, which became a great disaster for humankind. We also experienced a global lockdown with a stringent implementation of social distancing, which is a first for mankind living in the present day, and has led to enormous economic damage and restrictions on individual freedom. The microorganism that will cause the next pandemic may be a highly fatal avian influenza virus, another coronavirus, or a completely different microorganism. This COVID-19 pandemic is an enormous lesson for humankind and is tantamount to a vaccine in preparation for the next pandemic. Important and urgent undertakings were given to each country in terms of complementing laws and regulations for a stronger and more resilient healthcare system, such as investment in research and development for new rapid diagnostic technologies, vaccines, new therapeutic agents, among others.
Cristianismo e responsabilidade social
Authors: Oliveira Elizeu de , Aquino Eliosmar Oliveira de , Oliveira Elifânia Pereira Lima
Published: December 2021

O conceito de Responsabilidade social sempre esteve atrelado à essência do Cristianismo primitivo, o cuidado com os mais pobres e excluídos permeia o texto sagrado cristão. Em um cenário atual de incertezas, nunca foi tão necessário colocar em prática o amor e a misericórdia. Dessa forma, o presente artigo tem como objetivo construir uma breve reflexão histórico-teológica, analisando a atualidade dos ensinos contidos na epístola de São Tiago, principalmente no que se refere ao tema fé e obras. Para este fim, o embasamento bibliográfico é apoiado em grandes autores do universo religioso e da filosofia.
Sinuosos destinos
Authors: Barretto Nilce C. Muniz
Published: December 2021

Na literatura brasileira há certas produções que possibilitam descortinar horizontes ontológicos e de mundo ao se tornarem porta-vozes dos valores e dos sentidos da existência de forma real e fictícia, original e imaginária como é o caso do livro “Torto arado”, de Itamar Vieira Júnior. Essa resenha busca conduzir à reflexão daquilo que nos caracteriza enquanto seres humanos sujeitos a uma gama de sentimentos num micro & macro cosmo humanitário.
diálogo inter-religioso como estratégia de combate a intolerância religiosa sofrida pelas tradições afro-brasileiras
Authors: Barcelos Zuleica do Carmo Garcia de
Published: December 2021

O Diálogo Inter-religioso está na contemporaneidade e é alvo de grandes reflexões, sendo tema recorrente por parte das Ciências da Religião. O mesmo instaura a comunicação e o relacionamento entre fiéis de tradições religiosas diferentes, envolvendo partilha de vida, experiência e conhecimento. O respeito à identidade do outro e à sua religiosidade é o elemento mais importante durante o processo. Entretanto, o que se pode observar por parte de alguns grupos religiosos no Brasil, é a resistência para a escuta e a firmação de posições de hostilidade contra denominações que não comungam de seus conceitos e crenças. No Brasil, as religiões de matriz africana são as que mais sofrem intolerância religiosa através de grupos pentecostais e neopentecostais. Baseada no pré-conceito daquilo que não se conhece, a intolerância gera ações discriminatórias não somente contra a instituição religiosa, nesse caso, as de matriz afro, como a seus fiéis. Baseando-se nessa intolerância ainda sofrida pelas religiões afro-brasileiras, o objetivo desse artigo será analisar o Diálogo Inter-religioso como solução as questões de enfrentamento existentes às religiões afro-brasileiras. O artigo terá contribuições de Cecília Mariz, Vagner Gonçalves da Silva, Roberlei Panasiewicz entre outros.
GEODYNAMICS
Authors:   Subbotin Institute of geophysics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kushnir Anton , Burakhovych Tatiana ,   Subbotin Institute of geophysics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ilyenko Volodymyr ,   Subbotin Institute of geophysics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Shyrkov Bogdan ,   Subbotin Institute of geophysics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2021

In order to study the deep structure of the southwestern Ukrainian Carpathians, where the Carpathian conductivity anomaly is located, in 2015 and 2020, modern synchronous magnetotelluric studies were carried out on the profiles of Mukachevo-Skole, Seredne-Borynya and Karpatsky at twenty-three points and the spatiotemporal distribution and the electric field on the Earth's surface, which can be used to assess the conductivity and geoelectrical structure of the region, was obtained. Processing of experimental data was performed using the software PRC_MTMV, which provides a common noise-canceling impedance estimation for synchronous magnetotellurical recordings. Curves of apparent electrical resistivity (amplitude values and phases of impedance) from 10 to 10000 s were obtained reliably. A joint analysis of the apparent resistivity and impedance phases and the formal interpretation of the deep magnetotellurical sounding curves using the Niblett transformation indicate the presence of the spatially inhomogeneous conductor both in the earth's crust and in the upper part of the upper mantle. The chain of local conductive sections in the earth's crust coincides with the axial part of the Carpathian conductivity anomaly. High conductivity of the upper mantle was recorded in the Ukrainian Carpathians from the Transcarpathian Depression to the Skiba cover. It is shown that it is not a homogeneous layer, there is a general deepening of the upper edge to the northeast from 40-60 km (Transcarpathian depression) to 90-100 km (Krosno cover). Sharp deepening along the Porkulets and Dukla covers is revealed. Information about the existence of a deep conductor and its parameters should be the basis for quantitative interpretation and construction of the 3D deep geoelectrical model.
Case Report of a de Novo Mutation of PCDH19 in Saudi Family Limited to Females
Authors: Alsheikh, MD Rawan , Al-Qassmi, MD Amal
Published: December 2021

Up to date more than 60 different mutations in PCDH19 have been identified. Most of PCDH19 gene is located in Xq22 and produces nonclustered delta protocadherin. This disorder primarily manifests in heterozygote females due to random X chromosome inactivation leading to somatic mosaicism and abnormal cellular interference between cells with and without delta-protocadherin., but we a heterozygous nucleotide mutation causing amino acid 561 to change from Pro to Ser (p.Pro561Ser). This mutation was de novo, and this alteration was not found in her parents. PCDH19-related epilepsy is a distinct childhood-onset epilepsy syndrome characterized by brief clusters of febrile and afebrile seizures with onset primarily before the age of three years, cognitive impairment, autistic traits, and behavioral abnormalities. We describe the features of a de novo mutation in 3 sibling, presented with early onset of seizure, two of them were controlled and wean off medication was at age of six year and her sister at age of 10 year .The youngest sister still partially controlled on medication, she had seizure only during febrile illness.
SCHEDULING WORK UNDER INTEGRATED URBAN DEVELOPMENT USING THE METHOD OF UNCERTAIN RESOURCE COEFFICIENTS
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Bolotin Sergey , Bohan Haitham ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Dadar Aldyn-kys ,   Tuvan State University, Biche-ool Khenzig ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Planning integrated development of a residential area involves determining the composition of the objects to be built and creating an appropriate integration mechanism, backed up by a generalized work schedule. The existing methods of forming integrated work schedules do not use a systemic approach, based on a universal mathematical model, to describe the organizational and technological aspects of construction. Methods: The present study uses the method of uncertain resource coefficients to demonstrate a mechanism for systemically describing organizational and technological construction processes. We present a way of adapting this method to forming a generalized construction schedule during integrated development. The proposed adaptation mechanism is based on managing schedule calculations by rationally influencing the elements of the linear equation system that describes the organizational and technological processes. Results and Discussion: The solutions presented in the paper are fully consistent with the calculations obtained by different flow methods of organizing construction, as well as with the critical path method used in project management programs. The method described in the paper has been implemented in well-known project management software, Microsoft Project, as a macro program in the Visual Basic for Applications programming language, making it possible to form, calculate, and optimize a schedule for integrated territory development using the unified software toolkit.
AERODYNAMIC STABILITY OF BRIDGES WITH VARIOUS LEVELS OF STRUCTURAL DAMPING
Authors:   National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Poddaeva Olga , Churin Pavel ,   National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Structural damping is one of the most important parameters affecting the aerodynamic stability of bridge structures. Purpose of the study: We aimed to assess the effect that structural damping of a bridge structure has on its stability in a wind current. Methods: In the course of the study, we performed experimental studies of the aerodynamic stability in typical girder bridge structures (with two and four main girders) with different levels of structural damping, facilitated by a unique experimental unit: Large Research Gradient Wind Tunnel, courtesy of the National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (NRU MGSU). Results: The results of the experimental studies show that, despite the general trend towards the decrease in the amplitude of bridge span structure oscillations as the structural damping level increases, the dependence between these parameters is nonlinear. When providing R&D support in the design of real-life structures, in case it is necessary to increase the aerodynamic stability of the superstructure by increasing the level of structural damping (changing the type of joints in structural elements, using mechanical damping devices), it is recommended to conduct experimental studies in wind tunnels to assess the effectiveness of a given solution.
THE METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING CIVIL PROCEDURE (MEMORIES OF MIKHAIL KONSTANTINOVICH TREUSHNIKOV)
Authors: KUDRYAVTSEVA E.V.
Published: December 2021

The article is dedicated to the memory of Mikhail Konstantinovich Treushnikov, Doctor of Law, Professor, Honored Scientist, Head of the Department of Civil Procedure of the Law Faculty of the Lomonosov Moscow State University. The article analyzes the methodology of teaching civil procedure, focuses on the methodology of lecturing, seminars, and game processes. Mikhail Konstantinovich paid great attention to the methodology of teaching civil procedure. The author of the article offers a study of the section “Methods of Teaching Law” from the book “Creative Search in the Science of Civil Procedure Law” by M.K. Treushnikov published in 2020. This section presents methodological recommendations on how to prepare and give lectures for newly elected judges at the republican training courses for legal officers on two subjects: “Preparation of civil cases for trial is a mandatory stage of the process”, “Types of evidence in civil proceedings”. The other two articles in this section are devoted to different issues. One is devoted to the methodology of teaching law in non-law universities (on the example of Moscow State University), the other is written on the basis of a speech “Traditions and Innovations in Legal Education” at the conference meeting of the heads of the departments of social sciences of the Lomonosov Moscow State University on 16 February 2007 and shows the role of departments in solving the problems of legal education.
ON THE ROLE OF PROFESSOR M.K. TREUSHNIKOV IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SCHOOL OF CIVIL PROCEDURE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS
Authors: KOLYADKO I.N.
Published: December 2021

In this study the author confirms the thesis that the founder of the school of civil procedural law of Belarus is Professor S.V. Kurylev. It is emphasized that some of the main continuers of his ideas were V.G. Tikhini and N.G. Iurkevich, who conducted extensive work on training of scholars of procedural law. The main part of this work is devoted to the role of Professor M.K. Treushnikov in developing the school of civil procedural law of the Republic of Belarus, which was to a great extent realized through interaction with M.K. Treushnikov and V.G. Tikhini, which started with their monographic works that became the basis for their PhD theses. Another important milestone in the development of procedural science and legislation is that M.K. Treushnikov influenced as an organizer of lawmaking and educational process. Examples include his participation in the preparation of the draft of the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation as co-chair of the working group and organization of its discussion with the invitation of scholars from post-Soviet states.
ON THE ESSENCE OF EVIDENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE USE OF NEW DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN CIVIL PROCEDURAL ACTIVITIES
Authors: AFANASYEV S.F.
Published: December 2021

In this article, taking into account the historical aspect, an analysis of the immanent content of such a key category as “evidence” in civil procedure is given. A gradual change in theoretical and practical points of view on the essence of judicial evidence is revealed: from a simple indication that it should be understood as a fact that convinces the justice body of the rightness of the side of a legal incident (I. Vladislavlev and others); before argumentation – proof is a dialectical trinity of content, form and procedural method of obtaining and researching legally significant information (M.K. Treushnikov and others). In the aspect of the ongoing dynamic digital transformation of public relations, the question of what essentially constitutes electronic evidence, whether it should be allocated as an independent category, or whether it is covered by means of evidence already existing in the law, is being studied. Taking into account international and Russian experience, additional arguments are presented in favor of the fact that electronic evidence can be successfully used in the consideration and resolution of civil and administrative cases by courts, regardless of their autonomous consolidation in the current procedural legislation, along with written, material and other traditional means of proof. This is explained by the fact that by themselves electronic evidence fully meets the basic criteria that characterize any evidence in modern civil procedure.
CONCLUSIONS OF THE EXPERIENCED PERSONS
Authors: TEREKHOVA L.A.
Published: December 2021

The category of “knowledgeable (experienced) persons” is not limited to experts only. Arbitration assessors and specialists are also referred to as knowledgeable persons; some scholars believe that a witness and even a judge can perform the functions of a knowledgeable person. The article focuses on the figure of a specialist, his consultations and responses to court inquiries. There is a lack of unification of the norms on the participation of a specialist in the Civil Procedure Code and the Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation. The effectiveness of seeking advice from a specialist is substantiated – this is a faster and less costly way of obtaining special knowledge necessary for considering a case. Consultation and examination are mutually complementary, the consultation may precede the examination, or, on the contrary, follow after the completion of the examination of the expert opinion, when questions have arisen to such a conclusion and the problem is solved with the appointment of additional or repeated examinations. The consultations are varied and subject to classification. It is substantiated, based on the differences in the nature of the consultations, that the consultation of a specialist on the use of technical means in the study of evidence cannot be compared with the consultation of a specialist on a complex scientific issue. As a classification criterion, the author proposes to consider the need for research and assessment of consultation, or the lack thereof. In the latter case, there is technical assistance and it would be legitimate not to classify it as evidence. However, research and assessment of the information presented is an attribute of working with evidence, therefore, in such cases, the status of evidence should be recognized for consultation.
ON COGNITION AND PROVING IN CASES OF NON-CONTENTIOUS JURISDICTION
Authors: ARGUNOV V.V.
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the general theory of judicial knowledge and proof, its capabilities and implementation in the consideration and resolution of cases of special proceedings in civil, arbitration, administrative proceedings. The approaches to cognitive and evidentiary activities in controversial (claim) and indisputable (special) proceedings are compared. The author considers the original system of collecting, presenting and evaluating evidences, created in the field of voluntary jurisdiction in the countries of civil law, its advantages and disadvantages in comparison with the national tradition of the unity of legal regulation of judicial knowledge and proof. An overview of the current state of the doctrine and practice of proving in special proceedings is given, an opinion is expressed about the need to refine the general provisions on proving in special proceedings. The prospects for the normative establishment of the limits of judicial research in terms of the volume of facts and the depth of their knowledge are outlined. It is stated that in cases of special proceedings, the “standard of proof” has always been higher in comparison with cases of claim proceedings. A number of new rules for establishing the circumstances of cases and proving are proposed: the priority of direct personal perception of the judge in the cognition of facts that are important for the case before proving them; freedom of means of evidence – the ability to use information about the circumstances of the case without restrictions on its sources (means of proof); freedom in choosing the rules for extracting information from a source (means of proof); different regulation of the burden of confirmation and the burden of proof.
ADMISSIBILITY OF EVIDENCE AND JUDICIAL ACTIVISM IN THE MODERN PROCESS OF EVIDENCE
Authors: RESHETNIKOVA I.V.
Published: December 2021

In 1988 I was lucky to attend advanced training (4 months) at the department of civil procedure of the Lomonosov Moscow State University, which was headed by Mikhail Konstantinovich Treushnikov, an amazing man: a talented scholar, a former judge, intelligent, calm, who managed to preserve the Volga language and himself as he was – a Person and a Teacher for many generations of lawyers, among which not only Moscow State University graduates. Being already a teacher, I listened to his lectures with pleasure together with my students, and I truly enjoyed the content and the manner in which the material was presented. By the way, I used some examples later in my lectures, they were so colorful and multifaceted. Three decades later I found myself again at the department of civil procedure of Moscow State University, when I was congratulating a successfully defended scholar: the same atmosphere of intelligent staff, kind and very talented scientists, headed by the timeless Mikhail Konstantinovich. Mikhail Konstantinovich’s contribution to procedural science and to the development of procedure law is invaluable. It so happened that in scientific terms I joined a large number of proceduralists working on questions of evidence. And I have always learned from our great Scientist and Person, Mikhail Konstantinovich Treushnikov. Mikhail Konstantinovich was also a talented teacher and organizer. Textbooks, commentaries, practical works of the department are invariably interesting and executed at the highest level. There are already several generations of talented and successful scholars in the department of civil procedure, who themselves became teachers for the next generations – to open the way to the development and success of young people is also a talent of the Head and the Scientist.
Angiographic Therapies for Diabetic Foot Syndrome
Authors: Galimov O. V. , Khanov V. O. , Ishmetov V. Sh. , Ibragimov T. R. , Biglova A. F. , Sufiyarov R. S.
Published: December 2021

Background. The study aimed to improve treatment outcomes in diabetic foot syndrome patients by use of invasive pressure monitoring during arterial radiological interventions.

Materials and methods. A total of 36 patients with type 2 diabetes and purulent necrotic lesions of lower extremities have been treated at the surgery unit of Bashkir State Medical University Clinic during 2019—2020, with 12 persons forming the main cohort and receiving the measures complemented with the newly developed “X-ray endovascular intraoperative significance evaluation of lower limb arterial stenosis” technique (Patent RU 2737215 of 26.11.2020). The control cohort comprised 24 patients following pertinent standard treatment and recommendations in this pathology.

Results and discussion. Immediate treatment outcomes were evaluated by person in the main and control cohorts. Longterm outcomes were observed at 6, 12 and 24 months since hospital discharge in 10 (83.3 %) patients of the main and 19 (79.2 %) — of the control cohort. In a 2-year run, the limb was kept in 8 (66.7 %) patients having the new revascularisation technique and in 10 (41.7 %) persons of the control cohort (p < 0.05).

Conclusion. The use of endovascular radiology for limb revascularisation and intraoperative significance monitoring of lower limb arterial stenosis allow the volume determination of balloon angioplasty and statement of revascularisation completeness.
Anaesthesia-Specifi c Oxygen Transport Assessment in Robot-Assisted Pelvic Surgery: a Clinical Trial
Authors: Lutfarakhmanov I. I. , Lazarev S. T. , Zdorik N. A. , Lifanova A. D. , Grazhdankin A. A. , Galeev I. R. , Musin I. I. , Mironov P. I. , Pavlov V. N.
Published: December 2021

Background. Robot-assisted pelvic surgery rapidly becomes a choice in surgeries for gynaecological oncology and urology. These interventions require special settings (pneumoperitonaeum and Trendelenburg position), which inevitably and systemically impact oxygen transport. Low oxygen delivery during surgery associates with manifold adverse outcomes. A single universal oxygen delivery threshold is impractical, as oxygen consumption must be taken into account. This study examines the effects of pneumoperitonaeum and Trendelenburg position on oxygen transport in patients of ASA functional class I–III (as per American Society of Anaesthesiologists).

Materials and methods. Delivery, consumption, oxygen extraction, perioperative adverse events and type of general anaesthesia were prospectively studied in 126 adult patients.

Results and discussion. Mean oxygen consumption was 242 mL/min/m2 , mean oxygen delivery — 612 mL/min/m2 . Oxygen delivery was below median 529 mL/min/m2 in 54 (43  %) patients. Perioperative adverse events developed in 36 (29 %) patients. A strong correlation (r > 0.500; p<0.001) between oxygen delivery and consumption was observed in 54 patients. Blood lactate level of 2.7 mmol/L at surgery end was indicative of inadequate oxygen delivery.

Conclusion. No relationship was revealed between oxygen delivery and adverse perioperative events, and neither — between oxygen delivery and consumption relative to a particular anaesthetic.
Overhaul of Radiological Mammography Check-ups for Early Malignancy Diagnosis during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ermakova M. S. , Demidov S. M. , Demidov D. A.
Published: December 2021

Background. The article reports the number of examinations with stationary mammography systems, in outpatient screenings, as well as in a mobile mammography survey across the Sverdlovsk Region.

Aim. A study of expedience and design of radiological breast check-ups (exemplified by mammography) for early cancer diagnosis under the COVID-19 pandemic situation.

Materials and methods. A survey based at the Sverdlovsk Regional Oncology Dispensary’s Department of Diagnostic Radiology analysed the expedience and design of non-invasive diagnostic procedures in a case study of breast X-ray checkups (mammography) in the Sverdlovsk Region during 2019—2020. Th e survey used the Sverdlovsk Region population statistics on breast malignancy incidence for 2019—2020.

Results. According to reports, the number of outpatient screening surveys significantly decreased in 2020 vs. 2019 due to the coronavirus pandemic and effective ban on screenings and medical check-ups. Th e mobile mammography screening numbers increased more than twice in 2020 vs. 2019.

Discussion. Screening measures continued during the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinicians adhered to local guidelines, while fully complying with the recommendations to contain SARS-CoV-2 infection. Th e growth of mobile mammography screenings enabled completion of the annual check-up plan, however, the breast malignancy detection rate slightly dropped in 2020 compared to 2019.

Conclusion. Mammography screenings at the Sverdlovsk Regional Oncology Dispensary in 2019--2020 demonstrate the expedience and good organisation of breast radiological check-ups (mammography) in Sverdlovsk Region. Accounting for the epidemiological state of coronavirus infection, a positive trend is evident towards growing examinations and improved breast malignancy detection, which lowers mortality accordingly among the female population of Sverdlovsk Region.
Pancreatic secretion and pressure biomechanics in pancreatic acinus
Authors: G. Ya. Kostyuk  , O. G. Kostyuk  , M. V Burkov  , I. A. Golubovsky  , M. P. Bulko  , L. O. Bandura  , L. V. Fomina  , O. E. Bezkorovainy  , P. V. Zhornyak
Published: December 2021

The article highlights the mechanism of the mathematical model of acinus, the components of the formation of pressure in its cavity and the formation of pancreatic juice. It has been established that the mechanism for creating pressure in the acinus cavity is similar to the intraductal one. In this case, the question remains open about the causes of such high pressure, which is measured in several hundred millimeters of a mercury column, especially since, as histologically established, the pancreas and its ducts do not have muscle structures, and those rudiments of myofibrils, which are noted in some places of the flow system, of course, cannot ensure the development of such pressure. The increase in pressure in the cavity of the acinus is associated with the phenomenon of osmosis in its cells. Since cell membranes have the property of conductivity, as a result of osmosis, water through the membrane first passes from the blood to the cell, then from the cell through the membrane into the acinus cavity. In addition to the mechanism of osmosis through the membrane, in the cells of the acinus epithelium, there is a filtering mechanism through the pores of the layer of connective tissue to the lymph channel. It has now been established that, together with simple osmosis, the phenomenon of electroosmosis takes place in secreting cells and organs of excretion, not only accelerates the transfer of substances, but also increases the pressure on the other side of the membrane against the gradient by almost several first-order units. Thus, the outflow of fluid from the acinus cavity proceeds continuously, but only with a change in the speed of movement, it is determined by the pressure drop in the acinus – tubule – excretory duct system, the opening of the Oddi sphincter and the pulse of the cardiovascular wave, which creates dynamic pressure in the capillary. This whole mechanism, as a result, leads to the filling of the cavity of the acinus and the creation of a certain pressure in it.
Clinical and anatomical classification of odontogenic inflammatory diseases of Tashkent state dental institute adapted to ICD-10
Authors: M. Azimov  , J. A. Rizaev  , A. M. Azimov
Published: December 2021

Odontogenic inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region account for about 25-30 % of all dental diseases. They occupy up to 50 % of the bed fund of specialized clinics. In clinics of pediatric, adult maxillofacial surgery, in Tashkent State Dental Institute (TSDI) annually treats up to 3000 patients with odontogenic inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region. In some of them, the disease goes into a chronic form, often the process ends with an unfavorable outcome. All patients were the subject of research. The working classification of odontogenic inflammatory diseases of TSDI adapted to the ICD-10 classification will allow practitioners to clearly state the name of the disease, develop a treatment standard and conduct static processing of the material.
Blood supply of the esophagus in the early period of human ontogenesis
Authors: O. P. Antoniuk  , Y. M. Vovk  , O. F. Marchuk  , F. D. Marchuk
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of the primary enlage of the esophagus in embryos 6.0-7.5 mm PCL, the formation of blood vessels in the cervical, thoracic and abdominal parts of esophagus. Purpose of the study. Find out the period of laying and forming the blood vessels of the esophagus in the early period of human ontogenesis. Material and methods. The research is based on the study of 18 embryos, 20 prefetuses and 12 fetuses by the methods of micro-micropreparation, making of topographic anatomical sections in three extraperpendicular planes, morphometry. Results. The organs and structures of the chest cavity were reconstructed, the blood supply to the cervical, thoracic, and abdominal esophagus was studied in the early period of ontogenesis. Conclusion. Blood supply of the esophagus is carried out by the arterial branches of the thyroidcervical, costal-cervical trunks, vertebral arteries and the thoracic artery, the arterial branches of the descending thoracic aorta and the left gastric artery, the left inferior diaphragm artery.
Clinical justification of the device for the prevention of post-operating eventration
Authors: I. K. Morar
Published: December 2021

Postoperative surgery is one of the most dangerous complications, especially in patients with malignant tumors of the abdominal cavity, where secondary immunodeficiency, cachexia, anemia, etc. occur. Today, there are many ways to prevent postoperative surgery in patients at high risk for this complication, but all of them, along with their advantages, have a number of disadvantages that greatly limit their use. Developing an effective, non-invasive device for preventing postoperative surgery may to some extent solve this problem. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the effectiveness of the device for the prevention of postoperative events, by studying the frequency of development of postoperative complications in patients with malignant tumors of the abdominal organs. Material and methods. We have proposed a device for the prevention of postoperative surgery, the use of which does not require additional surgical techniques during surgery, and also allows the use of the latter in the event of the incomplete (subcutaneous) event (patent No. 120209 from 25.10.2017). The device consists of 5 soft plates lined with soft cloth and connected to each other by the widest parts. The central plate is adjustable depending on the width of the back surface of the patient's torso. The two side plates at the free edges have 11 lacing loops. To substantiate the effectiveness of the use of this device, we investigated 107 operated patients with malignant tumors of the abdominal cavity. The comparison group consisted of 60 people who did not use the proposed device. The main group consisted of 47 patients who used the above device in the early postoperative period. Results of the study and their discussion. The results obtained indicate a significant predominance of the incidence of postoperative events in patients in the main group. It should be noted that there is no significant difference in the frequency of development of "systemic" and other "local" postoperative complications between the two study groups of patients, which indicates the representativeness of the sample since "local" postoperative complications lead to the development of eventration. Patients in the main group, starting from day 2 after surgery, had a markedly lower intra-abdominal pressure during the first 12 days of the early postoperative period. Conclusion. The use of the proposed device for the prevention of postoperative surgery allows a non-invasive way to prevent the development of the latter, as well as the occurrence of the incomplete event to prevent the development of full, without significantly affecting the level of intra-abdominal pressure, compared with conventional use of the bandage.
HISTORY OF LAPAROSCOPIC INTERVENTIONS OR IS IT POSSIBLE TO PRESENTLY PREDICT THE FUTURE?
Authors: Gresko M. , Gresko A.
Published: December 2021

The main stages of formation of endoscopic surgery are analyzed in chronological sequence. It is shown that the development of surgical technologies at the end of 20th century was due to the fruitful work of individual surgeons, who, in close cooperation with engineers, "broke" the classic vision of the development of surgery of their colleagues. Their talent and persistence in the introduction of new therapies tended to reduce the traumaticity of the various methods of diagnosis and treatment and made it possible to perform high-tech surgeries with a high level of rehabilitation. Since 1992, endoscopic techniques have become widely used in hospitals in different cities of Ukraine and in 1996 were introduced in Bukovyna. Bukovynian surgeons continue to improve the methods of endoscopic treatment of patients, keeping in mind that this is the key to the progress of treatment and the prevention of intra - and postoperative complications.