bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Referrals for Rheumatologic Evaluation Because of Positive Antinuclear Antibody: Analysis of a Retrospective Brazilian Cohort
Authors: Vecchia Leonardo Borgato Della , Assis Caio Delano Campos Oliveira , Salatiel Fernando de Oliveira , Cirino Maria Thereza Santos , Scarpante Maria Eduarda Vogel , Oliveira Vanessa Monteiro , Meneghin Letícia Pedroso , Silva Maria Júlia Gonçalves , Santos Victória Ferini dos , Catardo Natália Pavoni , Nemesio Isabela Pulini , de Paula Lívia Loamí Ruyz Jorge , Sasdelli Carolina Borges Garcia , Freitas Ana Beatriz Bacchiega
Published: December 2023

Background
In general, patients are referred for rheumatological evaluation due to isolated laboratory abnormalities, especially antinuclear antibody (ANA) positivity, with more severe patients remaining on the waiting list for longer. The aim of this study was to analyze the demographic, clinical, and laboratory information of patients referred to a specialized rheumatological care unit.
Methods
This is a retrospective study of 1670 patients seen by the same rheumatologist between 01/01/2011 and 01/01/2019. Patients whose referrals were exclusively due to the ANA test result and the specialist's final diagnosis being “abnormal finding of serum immunological test” (ICD-10 R769) were included. Sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory informations were extracted from the consulting rheumatologist’s report. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis.
Results
A total of 99 patients were included, most of whom were female (84.8%) with a median age of 49 years. At the moment of specialist’s appointment, 97 patients (97.9%) repeated the ANA test, and 77 patients remained positive. Of these, only 35 (35.35%) were in a high titer range (greater than or equal to 1:320). Complete blood count for cytopenia’s investigation was not performed in a high percentage of patients (22.2%), as well urinalysis (31.3%). In addition, more than 70% of patients score 0 to 1 classification criteria for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, according to SLE - ACR 1987 (American College of Rheumatology) and SLICC 2012 (Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics).
Conclusions
Most patients are still referred for specialized evaluation due to the misinterpretation of laboratory tests that were inappropriately requested in patients without clinical evidence of autoimmune rheumatic disease.
Machine learning reveals hierarchical spatial patterns in salt marsh mosquito ditching along U.S. Atlantic Coast
Authors: Aerni Karen , Bell Tom W. , Kimbro David L.
Published: December 2023

The loss of salt marshes and their ecosystem services following anthropogenic disturbances necessitates restoration built on a scale-dependent understanding of how the prevalence and intensity of these disturbances are linked to ecosystem functioning. A conspicuous legacy modification of marshes, which lacks a standardized and scale-able assessment, is mosquito ditching. Consequently, U.S. Atlantic coast resource managers must devote limited resources to quantifying local-scale ditching or make restoration decisions based on a literature of subjective ditching assessments (low vs. high) from a subset of locations with contradictory impacts to ecosystem functions. Here, we combined freely available satellite imagery with machine learning to generate a multi-scale database of ditching prevalence and intensity in 634 marshes from Maine through Florida. The algorithm consistently detected ditches despite the heterogeneous appearance of this disturbance and marshes across regions, seasons, and tidal stages. In contrast to the oft-quoted historical ditching prevalence of 90%, the algorithm quantified a much lower current average of 38%, with the size of this discrepancy varying regionally from an average prevalence of 87% in the Gulf of Maine to 20% in the South Atlantic Bight. Ditching intensity showed further hierarchical spatial variation, but at the state and within-state levels, as opposed to regional level. Within regions, intensely ditched states (5% area removed) were opposed by mildly ditched states (1.9% area removed). With this standardized database of ditching prevalence and intensity, researchers and resource managers may now conduct scale-dependent assessments of ecosystem responses to ditching to inform restoration and management of this valuable habitat.
Arbutin attenuates CFA-induced Arthritis by modulating expression levels of 5- LOX, NF-κB, IL-17, PGE-2 and TNF-α
Authors: Malik Abdul , Sial Nabeela Tabassum , Iqbal Urooj , Rehman Muhammad Fayyaz Ur
Published: December 2023

Arbutin, a naturally soluble glycosylated phenol has anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory properties. The current exploration appraises the treatment of arthritis by use of Arbutin (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) orally in CFA-induced rat Arthritis model. Body weight changes, paw size, and joint diameter were recorded till the 28th day in the arthritic-induced rats. Hematological, biochemical, oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers were measured through the blood samples of anesthetized rats. Arbutin markedly decreased paw volume, PGE-2, anti-CCP and 5-LOX levels, however, maintained metabolic and hematological balance and prevented weight loss. Radiology and histology changes improved significantly in the ankle joints of rats. Moreover, Arbutin increased gene pointers such as IL-10 and IL-4 while significantly reducing the levels of CRP and WBCs, whereas, Hb, Platelets and RBCs count markedly raised in post-treatments. Antioxidant levels of SOD, CAT and GSH were improved and MDA level was reduced in treated groups. Rt-PCR investigation showed a significant reduction of the interleukin-1β, TNF-α, interleukin-6, Cycloxygenase-2, NF-κB and IL-17 and increased expression of gene pointers like IL-4, and IL-10 in treated groups. Assessment of molecular docking revealed a strong binding interaction of Arbutin against 5-LOX, IL-17, TNF-alpha and interleukin-6, Cycloxygenase-2, nuclear factor-κB, IL-4 and iNOS providing a strong association between experimental and theoretical results. As a result, Arbutin has significantly reduced CFA-induced arthritis by modulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines i.e., IL-10 and IL-4, the pro-inflammatory cytokines panel like NF-κB, TNF-alpha, IL-1β, IL-6, PGE-2, 5-LOX and COX-2 and oxidative biomarkers.
Contribution of Newly Tested Species, Panicum maximum, for Faecal Sludge Treatment: A Comparative Study with Echinochloa pyramidalis and Typha domingensis
Authors: GOUSSANOU Baruc Kpèhouénou , Akowanou Akuemaho Virgile Onésime , Liady Mouhamadou Nourou Dine , Deguenon Hontonho Espérance Justine , Daouda Mohamed Moukorab Arêmou , Ayitchédéhou Olouwachêgun Esdras Moïse , Aina Martin Pépin , Labanowski Jérôme
Published: December 2023

This study evaluated the effectiveness of three plant species (Panicum maximum, Echinochloa pyramidalis, and Typha domingensis), in enhancing the removal of salinity, nitrogen, phosphorus, and chemical oxygen demand during sludge treatment within sludge treatment reed beds (STRBs). The experimental setup consists of 1 m3 tanks composed of sand and gravel, simulating the reed bed configuration. A total of twelve pilot-scale units were used, with each plant species tested in triplicate, while three units were used as non-planted control groups. Over a six-month period, the units received weekly loadings of faecal sludge sourced from a site in southern Benin. Sampling was carried out weekly in order to evaluate the removal efficiency of the assessed parameters. The results showed the superior efficacy of STRBs compared to control beds, attributing this enhancement to the presence of vegetation. At a loading rate of 300 kg TS/m2/yr, the system presented good performance. In particular, Panicum maximum and Echinochloa pyramidalis beds demonstrated the highest removal rates (Salinity: 97.95%, PO43-: 97.75%, TP: 98.08%, NH4+: 98.68, NO3-: 98.71%, TKN: 99.53%, TSS: 99.98%, COD: 99.94%). Moreover, the drying rates of Echinochloa pyramidalis and Panicum maximum beds (49.5% and 48.5%, respectively) surpassed those of Typha domingensis beds (34.7%). These findings highlight the potential of Panicum maximum, a newly tested species, for application in STRBs, emphasizing the need for dedicated research on this species.
Novel Climate-Specific Models for C-Factor Assessment: Insights from the Five-Parameter Logistic Function, the De Martonne Index, and NDVI
Authors: Okacha Abdelmonaim , Salhi Adil
Published: December 2023

Soil is a delicate natural resource that is vulnerable to erosional forces. Cover management, representing factor C, is one of the most important factors in mitigating soil and water losses. However, conventional methods for estimating factor C are often resource-intensive and slow to track rapid changes. Remote sensing-based models for estimating factor C exist, but they are not always adaptable to different climates. This study addresses two key gaps in soil erosion research: (i) introducing novel models to estimate Factor C across diverse climate zones and (ii) evaluating Factor C values across Morocco. This study proposes a novel approach to estimating C-factor values across humid, semi-humid/semi-arid, and arid/hyperarid zones. Three climate-specific models, each tailored to a distinct climate zone, were developed using the Five-Parameter Logistic (5PL) function, the De Martonne Aridity Index, and NDVI. The curve_fit() routine in Python is used to perform nonlinear regression curve fitting. These models offer several advantages over traditional methods, including: swift temporal resolution, enhanced cost-effectiveness, and precise spatial resolution. The findings of the study show that the proposed models are in good agreement with literature-based factor C values across all climatic zones. These models provide valuable tools for researchers studying soil loss and can help decision-makers to formulate and update effective land management strategies.
Technologies or institutions? The robustness and durability of institutional adaptations to climate change in African agriculture
Authors: Abidoye Babatunde , Akram Agha Ali , Kannan Sudha , Omotoso Kehinde
Published: December 2023

We provide evidence that institutional adaptations to climate change are more robust and durable than technological adaptations in African agriculture. Climate change has direct implications on agriculture globally but especially in Sub-Saharan Africa where a large number of small-scale farmers are dependent on it as their main livelihood. In this study, we analyze the impact of climate on farmers across Sub-Saharan Africa leveraging a unique dataset from a large and coordinated multi-country survey we conducted across Uganda, Zambia, Tanzania, Sierra Leone, Burkina Faso, and São Tomé and Príncipe. We find that an increase in spring and autumn temperatures, and an increase in winter and summer precipitation positively affect farmer net revenues. In contrast, an increase in summer and winter temperatures, and in spring and autumn precipitation negatively affect net revenue. We extend our analysis to account for farmer adaptations and evaluate the effects of future climate scenarios i.e., RCP 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5, over the short, medium, and long term i.e., 2021–2040, 2041–2060 and 2080–2100. We find that farmers can consistently offset the adverse impacts of climate change from a range of future climate scenarios across short-, medium, and long-term horizons through institutional adaptions, namely belonging to input buyer organizations, and output seller organizations. In contrast, technological and practice related adaptations—namely, use of irrigation, intercropping and mechanization—have relatively lower or no substantive benefits compared to institutional adaptations. We suggest more research to enhance our understanding of the types of institutional adaptations that will be most beneficial.
JEL codes: Q12, Q15, Q54
Application of seasonal climate forecasts in predicting winter chill for specialty crops.
Authors: Jha Prakash , Pathak Tapan
Published: December 2023

Many fruits and nuts crops in California require winter chill accumulation to break dormancy, and insufficient chill may result into delayed flowering and uneven budbreak which can impact quality and quantity of fruits. Early information on winter chill forecast can help growers prepare for a low chill year with management alternatives to alleviate some risks. This study assessed potential of state-of-the-art seasonal prediction systems to predict winter season (NDJF) chill anomaly and chill sufficiency for important specialty crops of California at different lead times. We found that it is possible to predict winter season Chill Portions category (above-normal, below-normal, normal) starting from October with 50–80% correct forecasts in the Central Valley and southern California. The anomaly correlation coefficients between model-predicted and reference winter season CP in the UKMO and ECMWF ranged from 0.5 to 0.8 in the Central Valley and above 0.7 in most of the southern California. All models were able to predict crop-specific winter season chill sufficiency from October with more than 90% accuracy for all the crops, except for the plums which was correctly predicted more than 60% of time. Results from this study might help growers to minimize risks associated with low chill.
Identification of Circulating tRNA-Derived Small RNAs As Potential Biomarkers for Sepsis-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Wang Huijuan , Zhang Jing , Wang Lu , Zhang Yunlong , Lei Jiaxi , Liu Shiping , Pan Mingliang , Zhu Xue , Hu Ming , Zhan Liying
Published: December 2023

Sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can significantly exacerbate disease severity and elevate patient mortality. However, the precise molecular mechanisms driving this phenomenon remain unclear. Recently, circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as carriers of tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), a novel class of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Nonetheless, the functional roles of these tsRNAs in sepsis-induced ARDS remain poorly defined. In this study, we collected peripheral blood samples from both healthy subjects and sepsis-induced ARDS patients to profile EV-encased tsRNAs, including tRNA-related fragments (tRFs) and tRNA halves (tiRNAs). Analysis revealed a total of 456 tRFs/tiRNAs in circulating EVs, with only one upregulated tsRNA and 22 downregulated tsRNAs in plasma EVs isolated from sepsis-induced ARDS patients (S-EVs) compared to healthy donor controls (H-EVs). In addition, higher levels of tiRNA-1:34-Glu-CTC-1-M2 and lower levels of tRF-52:71-chrM.Pro-TGG, tRF-1:28-chrM.Ser-TGA, tRF-60:76-Lys-TTT-3-M2, tRF-58:75-Cys-GCA-11-M7, tRF-1:15-Val-TAC-1-M3, and tRF-59:76-Tyr-GTA-1-M2 in S-EVs were validated by RT‒qPCR and further scrutinized through bioinformatics analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses demonstrated that the differentially expressed tsRNAs were primarily associated with Wnt, Hippo, circadian rhythm, FoxO, and ferroptosis signaling pathways. Notably, cellular activities implicated in these signaling pathways encompassed inflammation, oxidative stress, glucose metabolism, autophagy, and immune regulation. In summary, this study identifies a specific set of plasma EV-derived tsRNAs that potentially modulate signaling pathways relevant to sepsis-induced ARDS. Thus, tsRNAs may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced ARDS and hold significant potential as diagnostic biomarkers.
Epidemiology, Clinical Features and Outcomes of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 by Vaccination status: A Multicenter Historical Cohort Study
Authors: Alshanqeeti Shatha , Szpunar Susan , Anne Premchand , Saravolatz Louis , Bhargava Ashish
Published: December 2023

Introduction
COVID-19 disease resulted in over six million deaths worldwide. Although vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 demonstrated efficacy, breakthrough infections became increasingly common. There is still a lack of data regarding the severity and outcomes of COVID-19 among vaccinated compared to unvaccinated individuals.
Methods
This was a historical cohort study of adult patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in five Ascension hospitals in southeast Michigan. Electronic medical records were reviewed. Vaccine information was collected from the Michigan Care Improvement Registry. Data were analyzed using Student’s t-test, analysis of variance, the chi-squared test, the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and multivariable logistic regression.
Results
Of 341 patients, the mean age was 57.9 ± 18.3 years, 54.8% (187/341) were female and 48.7% (166/341) were black/African American. Most patients were unvaccinated, 65.7%, with 8.5% and 25.8% receiving one dose or at least two doses, respectively. Unvaccinated patients were younger than fully vaccinated (p = 0.001) and were more likely to be black/African American (p = 0.002). Fully vaccinated patients were 5.3 times less likely to have severe/critical disease (WHO classification) than unvaccinated patients (OR = 0.19, p < 0.001), after controlling for age, BMI, race, home steroid use and serum albumin levels on admission. The case fatality rate in fully vaccinated patients was 3.4% compared to 17.9% in unvaccinated patients (p = 0.003). Unvaccinated patients also had higher rates of complications.
Conclusions
More in-hospital complications, severe disease, and death were observed in unvaccinated and partially vaccinated than in fully vaccinated patients. Factors associated with severe COVID-19 disease included advanced age, obesity, low serum albumin and home steroid use.
A Proposed process for Trichlorfon and β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion complexation by DFT investigation
Authors: Chekkal Faiza , Naili Noura , Benaissa Amina , Zerizer Mohamed Amine , Zouchoune Bachir , Redjem Nawel
Published: December 2023

The current investigation uses the Density Functional Theory (DFT) with the M06-2X functional and 6-31G (d, p) basis set to examine the interaction between trichlorfon (TCF) and the cavity of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). The primary objective of our study is to gain an insight into the molecular characteristics of this interaction by analyzing quantum parameters such as the HOMO-LUMO gap, the HOMO and the LUMO. Two potential encapsulation modes, designated as A and B models, were identified for TCF. The thermodynamic assessments including complexation energies and alterations in enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy indicate a stable and advantageous encapsulation procedure. The Independent Gradient Model (IGMH) provides insights into the non-covalent interactions in developing the TCF@β-CD complex. The observed stability can be mainly attributed to a significant intermolecular hydrogen bond emphasized by the NBO and EDA and weak van der Waals forces. The results of our study indicate that β-CD as macrocycle has the potential to be a suitable trap for trichlorfon.
Research on CVD rotary dresser precision grinding technology based on error grading and real-time grinding wheel profile
Authors: Zhu Zhenwei , tie Ying , Zhao Huadong , Zhang Rui
Published: December 2023

Dressing wheels with CVD rotary dressers are widely used in the grinding process. To meet the accuracy requirements of dressing grinding wheels, the profile accuracy of CVD rotary dressers must be processed to the micron level. However, CVD diamond is a hard and brittle material, making it difficult to machine to a high degree of shape and dimensional accuracy. A graded grinding method is proposed in this paper to achieve precision machining of the CVD rotary dresser. The normal residual error is calculated by measuring the difference between the actual grinding profile and the target profile along the normal direction first, and then graded compensation processing is carried out based on the magnitude of the normal residual error. In the grinding process, it is proposed that the grinding path be planned according to the real-time profile of the grinding wheel. Experiments on a CVD rotary dresser for the NILES ZP 12 gear grinder showed that the profile accuracy (Peak to Valley, PV) of the CVD rotary dresser was improved from 14.79$\upmu$m to 1.57$\upmu$m after grinding. The fluctuation of the arc radii of CVD diamonds in different phases along the circumferential direction was reduced from 0.0117mm to 0.0019mm.
Thyrolinguofacial trunk arising from common carotid artery diagnosed by computed tomography angiography
Authors: Asami Shiho , ウチノ アキラ , Natsuyama Yuki , Usami Yoko , Arai Noriko , Suda Satoshi , Baba Yasutaka
Published: December 2023

Purpose Various variations in the head and neck vasculature have been reported. The purpose of this report is to describe an extremely rare case of thyrolinguofacial trunk (TLFT) arising from the common carotid artery (CCA).Methods A 66-year-old woman with vertigo, dizziness, and heaviness in the head underwent computed tomography (CT) angiography of the neck and head region for evaluation of cerebrovascular diseases.Results The TLFT originated from the anterior wall of the right CCA and was divided into the superior thyroid artery and linguofacial trunk (LFT). The LFT was divided into lingual and facial arteries. Additionally, we observed fusiform dilatation of the intracranial right vertebral artery, which might have caused these symptoms.Conclusion TFLT is an extremely rare variant that usually arises from the external carotid artery (ECA). Only one case of TFLT arising from CCA has been previously reported in the relevant English-language literature. The presence of a common trunk of the ECA branches increases the risk of complications such as bleeding and ischemia during treatment of the head and neck region, including chemoradiotherapy for oral bleeding and tongue cancer. Therefore, this is an area of significant interest across various medical specialties, including surgery, otolaryngology, and radiology. Understanding the diverse variations in the neck vasculature is expected to lead to a reduction in complications associated with various procedures.
Personality explains the relationship between psychedelic use and depression; a comparison study with non psychedelic users
Authors: Sjöström David K , Claesdotter-Knutsson Emma , Kajonius Petri J
Published: December 2023

Interest in psychedelics is increasing due to potential for improved mental health and quality of life. However, adverse effects on mental health are still a concern. Personality traits have been suggested to both influence the psychedelic experience and mental health, and even be changed by psychedelic use. The present study describes for the first time a national sample of Swedish psychedelic users (n = 400) compared to a sex and age-matched sample of non-users (n = 400) regarding mental health variables (depression, insomnia, problematic alcohol and drug use, and dissociation) and personality (Big Five). Data was collected in an online survey including individuals from 16 years of age who had at least one psychedelic experience. The main results reported psychedelic users as less depressed (Patient Health Questionnaire-9; PHQ-9) (d = -0.29) and having more use of drugs (Drug Use Disorders Identification Test; DUDIT) (d = 1.27). In the Big Five personality traits, openness differed notably (d = 1.72), and the between-group effects in PHQ-9 were explained by lower neuroticism. In summary, psychedelic users report less depression and higher drug use, and this is partly due to personality traits. These results could have implications on how we view psychedelic users and the use of psychedelic drugs.
Isavuconazole induces neurodevelopment defects and motor behaviour impairment in zebrafish embryos
Authors: Cao Zigang , Zhang Li , Li Xue , Yuan Qiang , Sun Sujie , Liu Fasheng , Liao Xinjun , Lu Huiqiang , Chen Jianjun
Published: December 2023

Isavuconazole is a broad-spectrum antifungal drug used for the treatment of serious infections caused by invasive aspergillosis and mucormycosis in adults. With the continuous use of this drug, its safety and environmental impact have received increasing attention. However, information on the adverse effects of the drug is very limited. Fish is a particularly important model for assessing environmental risks. In this study, the aquatic vertebrate zebrafish was used as a model to study the toxic effects and mechanisms of isavuconazole. We exposed zebrafish embryos to 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/L of isavuconazole 6 hours after fertilization. The results showed that at 72 hpf, isavuconazole exposure reduced heart rate, body length, and survival of zebrafish embryos compared to controls. Secondly, when isavuconazole reached a certain dose level, it caused morphological changes in the Tg(elavl3:eGFP) transgenic fish line, with the head shrunk, the body bent, and the fluorescence intensity becoming weaker, etc. At the same time, exposure of zebrafish embryos to isavuconazole down-regulated acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and adenosine triphosphate (ATPase) activities but up-regulated oxidative stress, thereby disrupting neural development and gene expression of neurotransmitter pathways. In addition, astaxanthin partially rescued the neurodevelopmental defects of zebrafish embryos by down-regulating oxidative stress. Thus, our study suggests that isavuconazole exposure may induce neurodevelopment defects and behavioural disturbances in larval zebrafish.
Elucidating the interplay between prostate cancer, education, and fat intake through causal inference and mediation analysis
Authors: Yang Feixiang , Mei Yunyun , Li Hao , Wang Kun , Li Jiawei , Ge Qintao , Tian Xuefeng , Zhang Meng , Zhou Jun , Liang Chaozhao , Meng Jialin
Published: December 2023

Objective
To disentangle the casual relationship between education and prostatic diseases and identify the potential pathways for these causal effects.
Methods
We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to estimate the causal effects of education on prostatic diseases. To distinguish causality from genetic correlation and linkage disequilibrium, linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) and colocalization analyses were implemented. We further investigated whether diet composition and obesity mediated the effect of education on prostate diseases.
Results
Our findings identified a significant adverse effect of higher education on prostate cancer risk that ORs were 1.20 (P = 9.0 × 10− 5) and the combined effects of two independent data were statistically significant (P = 4.5 × 10− 2). We also found suggestive evidence for a protective effect of higher education on prostatitis although the combined effects were not significant (P = 0.57). Additional genetic correlation and colocalization analyses reinforced these causal evidences. Further mediation analysis indicated that fat intake in diet composition and hip circumference in obesity partially mediated the effect of education on prostate cancer, with mediated proportions of 16.6% and 14.0%, respectively.
Conclusion
Higher educational attainment posed detrimental effect on prostate cancer, partly mediated by relative fat intake and hip circumference.
Avoiding abdominal drain placement after robot-assisted partial nephrectomy: Is there any impact on perioperative outcomes?
Authors: Ditonno Francesco , Bertolo Riccardo , Veccia Alessandro , Costantino Sonia , Montanaro Francesca , Artoni Francesco , Baielli Alberto , Boldini Michele , Brusa Davide , De Marco Vincenzo , Migliorini Filippo , Porcaro Antonio Benito , Rizzetto Riccardo , Cerruto Maria Angela , Autorino Riccardo , Antonelli Alessandro
Published: December 2023

Objective: To evaluate the impact of abdominal drain placement (versus omission) on perioperative outcomes of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN), focusing on complications, time to canalization, deambulation, and pain management.
Methods: A prospectively-maintained institutional database was queried to get data of patients who underwent RAPN for renal masses between January 2018 and May 2023 at our Institution. Baseline, surgical, and postoperative data were collected. Retrieved patients were stratified based upon placement of abdominal drain (Y/N). Descriptive analyses comparing the two groups were conducted as appropriate. After adjusting for potential confounders, a logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate significant predictors of any grade and “major” complications.
Results: 342 patients were included: 192 patients in the “drain group” versus 150 patients in the “no-drain” group. Renal masses were larger (p<0.001) and at higher complexity (RENAL score, p=0.01), in the drain group. Procedures in the drain group had statistically significantly longer operative time, ischemia time, and higher blood loss (all p-values<0.001). The urinary collecting system was more likely involved compared to the no-drain group (p=0.01). At multivariate analysis, abdominal drainage was not a significant predictor of any grade (OR 0.79, 95%CI 0.33-1.87) and major postoperative complications (OR 3.62, 95%CI 0.53-9.68). Patients in the drain group experienced a statistically significantly higher hemoglobin drop (p<0.01). Moreover, they exhibited statistically significant higher paracetamol consumption (p<0.001) and need for additional opioids (p=0.02).
Conclusions: Our results suggest the safety of omitting drain placement and remark the need for personalized decision-making, which considers patient and procedural factors.
Synthesis, theoretical analysis, and biological properties of a novel tridentate Schiff base palladium (II) complex
Authors: Jahangiry Samira , Lashanizadegan Maryam , Pourhosseini Pouneh Sadat , Zahedi-Tabrizi Mansoureh
Published: December 2023

Schiff base complexes play a crucial role in bioinorganic chemistry. A novel curcumin/phenylalanine tridentate Schiff base ligand and its palladium (II) complex were synthesized in order that they were stable in aqueous buffer. The structure of the complex was investigated using a variety of methods, including DFT, NBO analysis, FMOs, and MESP. The interaction of the complex with plasmid (pUC19) and CT-DNA was studied. The anticancer, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities of the complex were examined. The statistical analysis of MTT assay was compared using the 1-way ANOVA and Tukey test. Results showed that the complexes were stable in aqueous buffer, pH 8. The extrinsic fluorescence emission of the plasmid and CT-DNA was quenched while interacting with the complex. The complex had an IC50 of 72.47 μM against MCF-7 cells. The ANOVA and Tukey analysis of MTT data demonstrated a statistically significant difference between groups (P<0.0001). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the complex for E. coli and S. aureus were 300 and 200 μg/mL, with 96.3 % and 95.2 % biofilm growth inhibition at 250 μg/mL, respectively. The sample concentrations contributing to 50% radical inhibition in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test for curcumin, ligand, and palladium (II) complex were 33.62, 21.27, and 51.26 μM, respectively. The results suggest that the complex interaction with DNA is one of the potential mechanisms in the elimination of cancer cells and bacteria in the planktonic and biofilm. On the other hand, while stability in aqueous buffer at pH 8 increases, modified curcumin antioxidant effect decreases.
Attack, defense, and transitions in soccer: analyzing the physical demands of match-play
Authors: Gonçalves Luiz Guilherme , Silva Ana Filipa , Augusto Diego , Pasquarelli Bruno , Pastor Alejandro , Plato Felipe Okato , Bedo Bruno L. S. , Vasconcellos Fabrício , Aquino Rodrigo
Published: December 2023

Purpose
This study aimed to examine the effects of ball-in/out-play, ball possession, and different moments of soccer match play on running performance in professional Brazilian soccer players.
Methods
Twenty-four professional soccer players were monitored using GPS units during 14 matches from the Brazilian National 4th Division League. Distance- and accelerometry-based measures were calculated by dividing absolute values by the total duration of the matches. SBG Sports® generated a timeline of the match's duration to define ball-in-play, ball-out-play, ball possession, no-ball possession, offensive/defensive organizations, and offensive/defensive transitions.
Results
Ball-in-play presented higher running outputs than ball-out-play, and no-ball possession reported greater all match running performance (i.e., high-intensity) variables than ball possession (p < 0.001–0.033; ES = large–very large). Greater running outputs was observed during the offensive/defensive transition compared to offensive/defensive organization (p < 0.001–0.039; ES = medium–very large). Additionally, physical demands were higher in defensive organization/transition vs. offensive organization/transition (p < 0.001–0.041; ES = medium –very large). In contrast, wide midfielders and strikers showed higher distances, high-speed running distance, and accelerations during the offensive transition than the defensive transition (p < 0.001–0.04; ES = very large).
Conclusion
In conclusion, different phases and moments of the match of the match-play impact running performance in soccer. Coaches and practitioners should embrace a contextualized understanding of match physical demands, employing a holistic approach, to effectively prescribe training tasks aligned with real match requirements.
Transcriptome profiling reveals cuproptosis heterogeneity in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Song Xiao-Qing , Jiang Jun-Han , Sui Xin-Yi , Shao Zhi-Ming
Published: December 2023

Objective
Breast cancer has various subtypes, among which triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) stands out as the most malignant and heterogeneous form and has a poor prognosis. One area of focus is the phenomenon known as cuproptosis, which represents a recently identified and regulated type of cell death. Unlike previously recognized mechanisms, cuproptosis is characterized by its reliance on both copper and mitochondrial respiration. The relationship between TNBC and cuproptosis remains to be elucidated.
Methods
We obtained RNA-seq and clinical data form Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) TNBC cohort. We conducted K-means cluster analysis of TNBC based on the expression of 13 cuproptosis regulators (DLAT, DLD, FDX1, LIAS, LIPT1, PDHA1, PDHB, ATP7B, ATP7A, DLST, SLC31A1, DBT and GCSH). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to determine the survival difference among different clusters. To examine the sensitivity to cuproptosis inducer, cell viability assays was performed in TNBC cell lines with different ATP7B protein expression. Cox and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analyses were used to construct cuproptosis-associated risk score. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration curves were used to evaluated the performance of risk score.
Results
We classified TNBC into four clusters. Compared with other clusters, cluster 1 exhibited high ATPase copper transporting beta (ATP7B) expression, low immune infiltrate and poor prognosis. Through subsequent experimental validation, we demonstrated ATP7B as a crucial cuproptosis regulator, TNBC cells with low ATP7B expression or ATP7B knockdown indicated drug-sensitive to cuproptosis inducer. In addition, we constructed and validated a cuproptosis-associated signature of 11 genes (CFAP44, HLA-C, PLA2G16, RDH10, GPC4, NEBL, NCAM2, MKL2, TRIQK, ATP7B and TMEM178). The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year area under the ROC curve (AUC) in the training cohort were 0.69, 0.80, and 0.76, while in test cohort were 0.91, 0.85, and 0.82. The results suggested our cuproptosis-associated signature could accurately predict the progonosis for TNBC patients.
Conclusion
Our results provide new insights into heterogeneous phenotypes in cuproptosis for TNBC, and may inspire new approaches for TNBC treatment.
Potential Impacts of Forest Wildfires on Regional Water Quality: A Case Study of the "8·19" Forest Fire in Jiangjin, Chongqing
Authors: Hu Qixin , Zhang Lei , He Chao
Published: December 2023

In the evolving backdrop of anthropogenic climate change, forest wildfires have increasingly raised concerns due to their pronounced adverse impacts on regional water quality. These events could emerge as pivotal determinants in future water quality degradation trajectories. Building upon the outlined concerns regarding forest wildfires and their subsequent impact on water quality, this study embarks on a comprehensive exploration of such intricate relationships, using the Chongqing "8·19" forest fire as a representative case. Through leveraging regional water quality monitoring data, real-time meteorological surveillance data, and atmospheric pollutant concentration data (black carbon and organic matter), an integrative methodological approach is employed. This approach synergistically combines spatial statistics, buffer zone analysis, airflow trajectory analysis, and potential source apportionment models to holistically scrutinize this multifaceted relationship. Navigating through the ramifications of wildfires, notably exemplified by the Chongqing "8·19" forest fire, this study meticulously outlines the conspicuous impacts on regional water quality, unraveling pathways not solely confined to direct ash deposition but also intertwined with indirect interactions of atmospheric pollutants. Post-wildfire, an explicit diminution was documented in stations classified as Class III and above on the Water Quality Index (WQI), concurrently witnessing a sharp incline in Total Nitrogen and turbidity levels during August and September, reaching peaks at 3.33 mg/L and 111.7 NTU, respectively. Moreover, an alignment was discerned between the northern and northwestern particulate pollutant migration—subsequent to the fire—and areas recording elevated atmospheric Black Carbon and Organic Matter concentrations, concomitant with the principal zones of water quality impairment. This research unveils a complex, multifaceted conduit of wildfire repercussions on water quality, spotlighting an imperative for integrative future inquiries that encapsulate both the direct and indirect consequences of biomass burning. Such investigations propel us toward formulating comprehensive, actionable watershed management strategies, particularly crucial amidst escalating anthropogenic climate alterations.
Evaluation of Predictors of Ineffectiveness of Antiviral Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis C in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Maikenova Arailym , Nersesov Alexander , Kuantay Elmira , Kulimbet Mukhtar , Yerlanova Yerkezhan , Colombo Massimo Giuseppe , Pavlov Chavdar , Jumabayeva Almagul , Nugmanova Balzhan , Ayupova Venera , Yarunina Raissa , Kaulybekova Assel , Alimkhan Ulzhalgas , Churukova Nazugum , Kaltayev Ilyas , Alpysbayeva Gulnar , Atasheva Roza , Balabek Aliya , Kassymova Tatyana , Kurmangazin Meirambek , Kyzdarbekov Askar , Mukanova Gulnara , Nurpeisova Aiman , Sapargaliyeva Nazigul , Shamsivaliyeva Kunsulu , Zhumatayeva Saule , Ligay Yuliya
Published: December 2023

This study aims to identify the predictors of ineffectiveness in antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in Kazakhstan. The rising prevalence and mortality rates associated with CHC globally and within Kazakhstan underscore the need for effective antiviral treatment strategies. Despite the introduction of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) with high cure rates, a subset of patients fails to achieve a sustained virological response (SVR). We conducted a multicenter retrospective matched case-control study across 13 regions of Kazakhstan, including 812 patients with CHC. The study involved patients registered in healthcare organizations who had received DAAs, focusing on those who did not reach SVR. Variables such as demographic characteristics, virological status, stage of liver disease, comorbidities, lifestyle factors, therapy regimen, and patient adherence were analyzed. Logistic regression analysis identified multiple factors associated with increased risk of non-response to therapy, including comorbid conditions like arterial hypertension, hepatocellular carcinoma, and lifestyle factors. The study highlights the complexity of CHC treatment in Kazakhstan, emphasizing the need for personalized treatment plans and addressing comorbid conditions and lifestyle factors. This research contributes to understanding the multifaceted nature of CHC treatment response and aids in optimizing therapeutic strategies in similar healthcare settings.
Considering inequities in national dementia strategies: Breadth, depth, and scope
Authors: Godard-Sebillotte Claire , Navani Sanjna , Vedel Isabelle
Published: December 2023

Background: In response to the World Health Organisation’s call to address dementia as a public health priority, several countries have developed national dementia strategies. These strategies aim to improve the care, support, and resources available to meet the needs of persons living with dementia and their care partners and communities. Despite the known impact of social determinants of health on dementia risk, care, and outcomes, it is unclear whether dementia strategies adequately address related inequities. This study aimed to describe whether and how national dementia strategies considered inequities associated with social determinants of health.
Methods: We conducted an environmental scan of the national dementia strategies of countries that are part of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Included strategies had to be accessible in English or French. Sub-national or provincial plans were excluded. We synthesised information on strategies' considerations of inequity through a thematic analysis.
Results: Of the 15 dementia strategies that met inclusion criteria, 13 mentioned at least one inequity (M=2.4, median=2, range:0-7) related to Race/Ethnicity; Religion; Age; Disability; Sexual Orientation/Gender Identity; Social Class; or Rurality. Age and disability were mentioned most frequently, and religion most infrequently. 11 strategies included general inequity-focused objectives, while only 5 had specific inequity-focused objectives in the form of tangible percentage changes, deadlines, or allocated budgets for achieving equity-related goals outlined in their strategies.
Conclusions: Understanding if and how countries consider inequities in their dementia strategies enables the development of future strategies that adequately target inequities of concern. While most of the strategies mentioned inequities, few included tangible objectives to reduce them. Countries must not only consider inequities at a surface-level; rather, they must put forth actionable objectives that intend to lessen the impact of inequities in the care of all persons living with dementia.
RETRACTED: Investigating the spoken English stance markers used by Thai learners of English
Authors: Pan Zhaoyi
Published: December 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Nutritional Support and Prevention of Complications in Treatment Contribute to Improved Prognosis in Pediatric Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma Patients
Authors: Huang Jianhua , Zhang Ruihua , Zhao Li , Yang Chunxia , Ma Lijuan , Ren Chi , Zhang Hongwei
Published: December 2023

Background
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), a malignant brain tumor in children, lacks effective treatment options, often presents with multiple complications during treatment, and has a poor prognosis.
Objective
To define the correlation between nutritional status, complications, and prognosis in pediatric patients with DIPG.
Methods
Clinical data were retrieved from the hospital database and follow-up, and the following clinical data of patients were organized and analyzed: age, gender, Karnofsky performance status (KPS) score at admission, treatment received, occurrence of pneumonia, onset of bed rest, overall survival (OS), 12-month survival rate, time to progression, occurrence of venous thrombosis, and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) at three stages after onset, within one week after radiotherapy, and in the last follow-up.
Results
A total of 34 patients met the inclusion criteria from January 2017 to June 2022. The average age was 9.0 years, and 47.1% were female. The median KPS score was 70 at admission. 29.4% of the patients were definitively diagnosed with pneumonia during the treatment of the disease, 32.4% had upper extremity venous thrombosis, and 29.4% had lower extremity venous thrombosis. The median OS of the patients was 9.2 months, and the median progression time was 4.7 months. The PNI was correlated at three stages, and it was the highest after radiotherapy (43.6 ± 8.2). Through COX survival analysis, we found that the occurrence of venous thrombosis was a disadvantageous factor for patient prognosis. The prolongation of the median progression time and the increase of the PNI at the three stages were positively correlated with the good prognosis of the patients.
Conclusion
High PNI sore and prevention of complications exert positive role in the prognosis of DIPG patients.
Increasing global land surface soil organic carbon under climate change
Authors: Liu Yanli , Chen Xin , Zhang Jianyun , Yuan Xing , Guan Tiesheng , Jin Junliang , Wang Guoqing
Published: December 2023

Soil organic carbon (SOC), especially land surface SOC is sensitive to climate change as a sink or source of atmospheric carbon dioxide, which is an important component of the global carbon cycle and could play a key role in global carbon neutrality. However, it is still an open question about how global surface SOC change with climate warming. Here we show global SOC has a significant upward trend during 1981-2019. Temperature and precipitation are the dominant climate drivers at global scale, but vegetation cover is a crucial local factor. By integrating with climate scenarios of CMIP6 models, we project the future increase in global surface SOC with warming temperature, especially in middle and low latitudes. SOC change shows a lag feedback and limited balance role depending on the regional vegetation changes. Under 1.5oC global warming level, land carbon sink from SOC will maximally increase by 13.0 PgC from SSP2-4.5, but it only accounts for 19% of carbon emission capacity from current 1.1 to 1.5 oC global warming level. It is far from the Paris Agreement plan of four out of one thousand soil carbon stock of 40cm below the surface increase per year in the next 20 years (2.72 PgC yr-1). Moreover, this contribution is full of uncertainties and confined to support large-scale carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere. Over-reliance on natural carbon sinks is a risky strategy. These findings highlight the urgency to carry out mitigation and removal strategies of reducing greenhouse gas emissions for the global carbon equilibrium and the Paris Agreement target.