bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Penerapan Perusahaan terhadap Perhitungan, Penyetoran, dan Pelaporan Pajak Penghasilan (PPH) Pasal 21 atas Penghasilan Karyawan Tetap pada PG Pesantren Baru
Authors: Syarla Martiza  , Dyah Puspasari
Published: October 2024

Pajak Penghasilan (PPh) Pasal 21 merupakan salah satu jenis pajak penghasilan yang dikenakan atas penghasilan berupa gaji, upah, honorarium, tunjangan, dan pembayaran lain dalam bentuk apapun sehubungan dengan pekerjaan, jabatan, jasa, dan kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh orang pribadi dalam negeri sehubungan dengan pekerjaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah perhitungan, penyetoran, dan pelaporan Pajak Penghasilan (PPh) Pasal 21 atas penghasilan karyawan tetap di PG. Pesantren Baru telah sesuai dengan Peraturan Direktur Jendral Pajak Nomor PER-16/PJ/2016 dan Undang-Undang No. 7 Tahun 2021 Tentang Harmonisasi Peraturan Perpajakan. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif dengan melakukan survei (observasi) yang dilakukan secara langsung untuk memperoleh data yang sesuai dengan fakta lapangan. Sampelnya adalah data yang diperoleh langsung dari perusahaan dan merupakan data pada tahun 2023. Hasil yang diperoleh penelitian ini yaitu bahwa PG Pesantren Baru dalam perhitungan, penyetoran dan pelaporan PPh Pasal 21 PG Pesantren Baru telah menerapkan dan sesuai dengan peraturan perpajakan. Dari hasil tersebut, PG Pesantren Baru diharapkan selalu memantau dan mengikuti jika terdapat perubahan peraturan perpajakan dalam penanganan PPh Pasal 21 agar tetap terlaksana dengan baik dan benar.
MONITORING OF A SEVERE COVID-19 PATIENT WITH PNEUMOTHORAX COMPLICATIONS THROUGH RADIOLOGICAL AND LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS
Authors: Tomić Darko , Marušić Jasmina , Majher Tomić Vesna , Makotić Dragana , Stojak Ivana , Đido Vedran
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Monitoring and treatment of severely ill patients with the coronavirus disease who are on mechanical ventilation due to the severity of the disease with the development of many complications remains a challenge. The increased incidence of pneumothorax in Covid-19 patients on mechanical ventilation may be due to a combination of infection-induced parenchymal injury and infl ammatory response with additional positive pressure ventilation. Materials and methods: In our study, we report a case of a severe Covid-19 patient with a pneumothorax complication through radiological and laboratory diagnostics. The performed radiogram of the lungs was taken each time in the AP projection in a semi-sitting position. A digital mobile X-ray device was used for imaging. All laboratory parameters that were monitored in the patient are performed in the panel of standard routine controls for patients with Covid-19. Results: The radiogram was better as the administration of therapy and chest drain were eff ective. Biochemical and hematological parameters are performed, which indicate a decrease in the number in blood count and biochemistry. The patient spent a total of 80 days in the hospital. Conclusion: Survival of a severe form of Covid-19 infection with the complication of pneumothorax is very rare, but still possible, as shown in our case. A chest radiograph with laboratory monitoring of the condition is of great importance in establishing the diagnosis of Covid-19 infection, and in the fi nal assessment of the patient's condition upon discharge from the hospital. Keywords: Covid-19, mechanical ventilation, pneumothorax, radiological diagnostics, laboratory diagnostics.
The Effect of Framing and Emotional Intelligence on Audit Judgment with Task Complexity as a Moderating Variable (Empirical Study at a Public Accounting Firm in DKI Jakarta)
Authors: Diningrum Putri Hanny Febry Puspa , Mappanyukki Ratna
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to analyze the effect of Framing and Emotional Intelligence on Audit Judgment with Task Complexity as a moderating variable. The method used is Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) to evaluate whether task complexity strengthens or weakens the relationship between the independent variable (Framing and Emotional Intelligence) and the dependent variable (Audit Judgment). The results showed that Framing and Emotional Intelligence have a positive and significant effect on Audit Judgment, with T-statistic values of 3.367 and 7.378, respectively, and P-values of 0.001 and 0.000, supporting the hypothesis that both variables affect Audit Judgment. However, Task Complexity could not moderate the effect of Framing and Emotional Intelligence on Audit Judgment, as evidenced by a T-statistic value smaller than 1.96 and a P-value greater than 0.05. Therefore, task complexity did not play a role in strengthening or weakening the relationship between Framing and Emotional Intelligence with Audit Judgment.
Assessment of Trichoderma Species Isolated From Volcanic Soil of a Durian Field in Sisaket Province, Thailand for Plant Growth Promotion and Biocontrol Potential
Authors: Sutthisa Waraporn , Kunseekhaw Bunyisa , Khankhum Surasak , Pimvichai Piyatida , Yutthasin Rattikan
Published: October 2024

Trichoderma species are ubiquitous saprophytic fungi commonly found in soil, with potential as fungal biocontrol agents for plant disease control and growth promotion. This research aimed to assess the attributes of Trichoderma sp. as plant growth promoters, focusing on nitrogen fixation, siderophore production, plant nutrient solubilization and indole-3-acetic acid production. Out of 19 isolates tested, 6 (T05, T19, T25, T27, T28 and T33) showed superior plant growth promotion abilities. These isolates were further evaluated for their capacity to enhance the germination of Khao Dawk Mali 105 rice seeds. Seeds were soaked in a suspension of conidia at a concentration of 1×1012 conidia/mL, and germination rates were measured. The germination rate ranged between 77.67 - 86.67 %, statistically significantly higher than the control rate of 33.33 %. Among the isolates, T05 exhibited the highest promotion of plant growth, evidenced by root length (7.27 cm), shoot length (8.50 cm), fresh weight (0.54 g) and dry weight (0.27 g), all significantly different from the control. Additionally, the potential of isolates to inhibit the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum sp. MN-3 was assessed using a dual culture method, with T35 showing the highest inhibition percentage (60.90 %). Morphological classification and nucleotide sequencing of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region of rDNA gene identified the isolates as T. harzianum, T. reesei, T. asperellum and T. longibrachiatum. These findings underscore the effectiveness of Trichoderma sp. in promoting plant growth and suppressing plant pathogenic fungi.
HIGHLIGHTSSix Trichoderma isolates (T05, T19, T25, T27, T28 and T33) exhibited superior plant growth promotion abilities. These isolates significantly enhanced germination rates of Khao Dawk Mali 105 rice seeds compared to the method. Among the isolates, T05 showed the greatest promotion of plant growth, as evidenced by root length, shoot length, fresh weight and dry weight. Trichoderma isolates demonstrated potential for inhibiting the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum sp. MN-3. Morphological classification divided the Trichoderma sp. into 4 groups, and species identification through nucleotide sequencing revealed T. harzianum, T. reesei, T. asperellum and T. longibrachiatum.
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Bike stunt gone wrong – Fatal Impalement by Liquor Bottle, landing into the death
Authors: Sharma Balraj , Mittal Pawan
Published: October 2024

Sharp force injuries are the leading cause of death worldwide. Accidental deaths  due to sharp force wounds are extremely rare compared to homicide and suicide  cases. Therefore, their exact incidence or prevalence is not accurately known. This  paper presents an accidental death due to massive blood loss resulting from the  sharp cutting of the left femoral artery by glass fragments that impaled the left  groin region of a young male. He was allegedly performing a bike stunt under  the influence of alcohol. The body was found in a pool of blood, surrounded by  multiple glass fragments from a broken alcohol bottle that was lying shattered  next to the body. The autopsy revealed a near-total transection of the left femoral  artery and significant glass injuries to the skin. Evidence of self-mutilation and  scarification in multiple body regions highlighted risky behavior. To determine  the circumstances of death in cases of accidental glass injuries, a thorough medico legal investigation, including details of the death scene, post-mortem examination,  and chemical analysis of viscera for any intoxicants or stupefying agents, is always  necessary.
TRAUMA AND HANGING- AN UNUSUAL CASE OF COMPLICATED SUICIDE
Authors: Kumari Divya , Ali Sufa , Kumar Arvind , Verma S K
Published: October 2024

Suicidal deaths are very frequently encountered by forensic experts in day-to-day practice.  Here, we shed light on an unusual complicated suicide case, with features of hanging, head  trauma and traumatic asphyxia. Allegedly, a dead body of a 65 years old man was found stuck  in a shaft between the elevator and a wall, in a multistorey building, with ligature material placed  around his neck. The ligature material was torn in two parts and the other part was found tied  over the railing upstairs, in proximity to the elevator shaft, in front of his room. Suicide notes  were found with the body. During the autopsy, two loops of faint ligature marks were present on  the neck and on further exploration, extravasation of blood was present over the strap muscles  of neck and carotid sheath. Upper part of the body was congested and there was a clear line of  demarcation. Head injury was also present with skull fractures and cerebral haemorrhages.  Signs of asphyxia were seen on the internal organs. This case, illustrating a peculiar pattern of  injuries is reported for future reference of pathologists to help in identifying and anticipating such  injuries in similar cases of suicide.
SafeDrive Pro IoT Based Driver Verification System
Authors: Awate Gauri  , Gorade Shradha  , Jadhav Anurag  , Prof. Dnyanesh Gaikwad
Published: October 2024

SafeDrive Pro is an IoT-based Driver Verification System designed to address the rise in vehicular accidents involving underage and unlicensed drivers. By integrating multi-factor authentication, including age verification, facial recognition, and driver license validation, SafeDrive Pro ensures only authorized individuals can operate vehicles. The system aims to improve vehicle security, reduce unauthorized usage, and enhance road safety. The proposed system leverages IoT technology, machine learning for facial recognition, and RFID for license validation. Initial results indicate that the system can effectively prevent unauthorized access, offering a robust approach to reducing road accidents and promoting vehicle security
A Guide to Mental Health Issues in Girls and Young Women on the Autism Spectrum
Authors: Eaton Dr Judy
Published: October 2024

This book addresses the specific mental health needs of girls and young women with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Looking at the ways autism presents differently in girls than in boys, and the mental health conditions that occur most frequently in girls with ASD, this is the essential guide for clinicians and educators on tailoring interventions and support to meet girls’ needs.

Describing the current assessment process for autism diagnosis, the book explains why girls are under- or mis-diagnosed, leading to later mental health issues. It outlines the types of intervention that are particularly helpful for working with girls to reduce anxiety, improve social interaction skills, and manage self-harm. The book also covers how to manage eating disorders and feeding difficulties, focusing on working with girls with sensory processing difficulties. There is advice on how to deal with the emotional impact on parents, carers and families, and the challenges they face when negotiating appropriate psychological and educational support.
Camouflage
Authors: Bargiela Dr Sarah
Published: October 2024

Autism is associated with many qualities that are highly sought after by employers such as reliability, persistence, attention to detail, creativity in problem solving and many others. The key to success in the workplace is understanding these strengths and identifying the support you need to help you flourish.

This self-guided workbook provides advice, strategies and activities to manage the difficulties that can arise at work. You will be given the tools to help minimise anxiety, sensory overload, unhelpful thinking patterns, difficulties with social communication, and organisation and planning problems.

The activities are interactive, and you can approach them on your terms. They can be dispersed throughout the day or week, and the workbook and accompanying videos include everything you need to set and achieve your employment goals. The course can also be undertaken with the assistance of a mentor, and the workbook includes resources and videos to help them support you.
A Comprehensive Guide to Intersex
Authors: Petersen Jay Kyle
Published: October 2024

This comprehensive yet accessible resource provides readers with everything they need to know about intersex – people who are born with any range of sex characteristics that might not fit typical binary notions about male and female bodies.

Covering a wide variety of topics in an easy-to-read way, the book explores what intersex is, what it is not, a detailed overview of its 40 or so different variations, historical and social aspects of intersex and medical intervention, along with practical, proven advice on how professionals can help and support intersex people.

Written by an intersex man with over 65 years of first-hand experience, this book is an ideal introduction for any medical, health and social care professional or student, as well as family members and friends, seeking to improve their practice and knowledge.
Case Studies in Clinical Practice with Trans and Gender Non-Binary Clients
Authors: dickey lore m.
Published: October 2024

Exploring clinical examples of the lived experiences of trans people across the lifespan, this unique and authoritative book addresses topics such as attending school, puberty, employment issues, suicide, bullying, autism and intersecting identities. Divided into three sections, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood, the book brings the case studies to life and dispels common myths by including short responses from leading professional experts.

By enabling a greater knowledge of work with trans people and therefore filling an important gap in available literature, Case Studies in Clinical Practice with Trans and Gender Non-Binary Clients allows mental health providers to understand the nuanced differences of handling clinical concerns for their trans clients.
Queerly Autistic
Authors: Ekins Erin
Published: October 2024

LONGLISTED FOR THE POLARI CHILDREN’S & YA BOOK PRIZE

‘An essential guide’ LIZZIE HUXLEY-JONES

‘This book is perfect’ WENN LAWSON

‘One of the most important books in autism literature’ CHARLOTTE AMELIA POE

‘Wonderfully diverse and vibrant’ FOX FISHER

In this empowering and honest guide for LGBTQIA+ autistic teens, Erin Ekins gives you all the tools you need to figure out and explore your gender identity and sexuality.

From coming out to friends and family, staying safe in relationships and practicing safe sex, through to self-care and coping with bullying, being out and about in the LGBTQIA+ community and undergoing gender transition, this book is filled with essential information, advice, support and resources to help you on your journey, and also works as a primer on all things LGBTQIA+ for non-autistic teens who are just figuring it all out.

Written by an inspirational autistic queer woman, this is a must-read for every autistic teen wanting to live their very best queer life.
In Their Shoes
Authors: Windust Jamie
Published: October 2024

LONGLISTED FOR THE POLARI FIRST BOOK PRIZE 2021

‘Beautiful, heart-breaking and hilarious.’ SCARLETT CURTIS

‘A love-letter to our non-binary siblings.’ PAULA AKPAN

‘Jamie is a pioneer‘ JUNO DAWSON

“There is no one way to be non-binary, and that’s truthfully one of the best things about it. It’s an identity that is yours to shape.”

Combining light-hearted anecdotes with their own hard-won wisdom, Jamie Windust explores everything from fashion, dating, relationships and family, through to mental health, work and future key debates. From trying on clothes in secret to iconic looks, first dates to polyamorous liaisons, passports to pronouns, Jamie shows you how to navigate the world and your evolving identity in every type of situation.

Frank, funny, and brilliantly feisty, this must-read book is a call to arms for non-binary self-acceptance, self-appreciation and self-celebration.
Autism and Eating Disorders in Teens
Authors: Bullivant Fiona Fisher , Woods Sharleen
Published: October 2024

The relationship between autism and eating disorders is often overlooked or misunderstood. Written by two experienced clinicians working with young people, Autism and Eating Disorders in Teens covers topics including identification of both conditions, diagnosis and the recovery process, challenging current thinking and promoting new ways of working to promote treatment and awareness.

Autism and eating disorders often present in similar ways, whether through restrictive or selective eating behaviours, or rigid or obsessive thought patterns. As a result, individuals may receive treatment for one condition with the other - although present - going undiagnosed. This is a practical guide for the adults supporting this group of teens, recommending changes in policy and practice in order to improve the care of young people experiencing these conditions. Drawing on in-depth case studies highlighting the need for young people and their families to feel understood and listened to, the authors show how we can empower these young people to reach their full emotional and physical potential.
Auditory Processing Disorder (APD)
Authors: Mountjoy Alyson
Published: October 2024

Auditory Processing Disorder (APD) is a debilitating neurological condition in which the brain is unable to effectively process sounds and speech. An estimated 5 - 10% of children are affected uniquely. APD can have a significant impact on all aspects of lifelong communication.

This authoritative guide includes advice on how to identify, diagnose and support the condition in children, teenagers and adults. It provides everyday strategies based on 20 years of research to try at home, at school and at work. This book aims to help families, teachers and other professionals to understand and support those living with this complex invisible disability. Containing supportive case studies, the book addresses a range of prevalent issues, including relationships, self-esteem, confidence and mental health, making this a comprehensive guide for all things APD.
The Beginner’s Guide to Being a Trans Ally
Authors: Whittlesey Dr. Christy
Published: October 2024

What does cisgender mean? What are people saying when they refer to “assigned” gender? Why is it not OK to say ‘preferred pronouns’? What is cis privilege? If you’re curious about the answers to these questions and want to learn more, this book is for you.

This easy-to-read guide offers information and advice to anyone wanting to understand more about trans experiences. It explains what gender identity is and arms you with the correct terminology to use. Filled with real-life examples and FAQs, it offers helpful strategies to navigate respectful conversations, speak up against transphobia and create inclusive relationships and spaces. It’s the ideal tool for anyone wanting to become a better ally to transgender and/or nonbinary people.
Sounds Fake But Okay
Authors: Costello Sarah , Kaszyca Kayla
Published: October 2024

‘Somehow, over time, we forgot that the rituals behind dating and sex were constructs made up by human beings and eventually, they became hard and fast rules that society imposed on us all.’

True Love. Third Wheels. Dick pics. ‘Dying alone’. Who decided this was normal?

Sarah and Kayla invite you to put on your purple aspec glasses - and rethink everything you thought you knew about society, friendship, sex, romance and more.

Drawing on their personal stories, and those of aspec friends all over the world, prepare to explore your microlabels, investigate different models of partnership, delve into the intersection of gender norms and compulsory sexuality and reconsider the meaning of sex - when allosexual attraction is out of the equation.

Spanning the whole range of relationships we have in our lives - to family, friends, lovers, society, our gender, and ourselves, this book asks you to let your imagination roam, and think again what human connection really is.

Includes exclusive ‘Sounds Fake But Okay’ podcast episodes.
Trans Sex
Authors: Sparks Kelvin
Published: October 2024

Does a post-vaginoplasty vagina have a G-spot? Why do some trans people find they enjoy anal sex more after testosterone? And can people with post-surgical vaginas experience vaginismus?

Written by renowned sex blogger and educator Kelvin Sparks, Trans Sex is the essential guide to sex and bodies for all trans, non-binary and intersex people. Covering everything from post-surgical anatomy and hormone replacement therapy to sex toys, kink and safe sex, this empowering and practical guide also explores desire, pleasure and arousal (and why these aren’t the same thing), how to navigate sex and consent with other people, as well as the difficulties many trans people experience in relation to sex, such as dysphoria and violence.

Raw, honest and nothing like the sex education you received at school, this guide is here to help you on your journey to sexual discovery and fulfilment.
Practice Leadership in Challenging Behaviour Services for Autism and Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Osgood Tony
Published: October 2024

Practice Leadership refers to individuals who have direct front-line responsibility for leading the practice of staff on a day-to-day basis, such as operational leaders and managers in services for people with autism and intellectual disabilities. A good practice leader creates cultures and puts values into action. They deliver great support. A practice leader implements our best endeavours. A good leader makes all the difference.

This book lays out the steps to achieving great practice leadership in services for people with autism and intellectual disabilities, such as care homes or supported living. It explains how practice leadership delivers support and care using the principles of Positive Behaviour Support (PBS). The book outlines what practice leadership should look like in context, how to do it and why it matters. It draws from real-life case studies throughout and each section encourages discussion and reflection.

Refreshingly warm, humorous and jargon free, this is an indispensable guide for professionals in services working with people with intellectual disability or autism at any level.
Gay Man Talking
Authors: Harding Daniel
Published: October 2024

'Essential reading' LORRAINE KELLY

'Hugely relatable' PAUL BAKER

'Read this book!' JAMES MAX

Son, Brother, Gay Best Friend. Lover, Enemy, Homo. Twink, Otter, Bear.

For many gay men, the relationships they have with other people are coloured by stereotypes, shame, and internalised beliefs that are often left unchallenged. Is being the 'gay best friend' really as fun and inclusive as people think? Sure, coming out to your parents is the hard part, but what happens next? And what if you're not the sexually promiscuous party boy everyone assumes you to be?

Through candid and humorous conversations with those closest to him, Daniel Harding unpacks modern gay relationships - from parents, siblings and friends, through to lovers, enemies, technology and ourselves - to explore how it's the relationships around us, breaking us down and making us back up, that are our defining moments.

Combining poignant and entertaining anecdotes with powerful interviews with other gay men and influential figures, alongside valuable insight from behavioural expert Judi James, this wise and witty book will help you to challenge the relationships you have with others - and yourself - allowing you to be truly proud of who you are.
Havayolu Operasyonlarında DEA Yöntemi ile Yeni Uçuş Rotasının Belirlenmesi
Authors: Akbaba Ali
Published: October 2024

Havayolu işletmelerinin faaliyetlerine devam edebilmeleri için büyümeleri kritik öneme sahiptir. Taşınan yolcu sayısını ve/veya kargo miktarını bir önceki döneme göre arttırmak pazardan daha fazla pay alamanın yollarından biridir. Havayolları bir önceki döneme göre daha fazla yolcu veya kargo taşıyarak büyüme hedeflerine ulaşabilir. Uçak ve ekip kaynağını ilave yolcu seferi ile değerlendirmek daha fazla yolcu ve/veya kargo taşımak anlamına gelmektedir. Bu noktada potensiyel uçuş rotaları arasında maksimum kar edecek olanın seçilmesi kaynağın optimum değerlendirlmesinde önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı havayolu sektöründe uçak kaynağının optimum fayda sağlayacak şekilde kullanılması için DAE (data envelopment analysis) yönetimi ile potensiyel uçuş rotaları arasından Pazar analizi sonucu oluşan talep tahminleri ile sağlanan gelir ve gider temelinde etkin olanların seçilerek bunlar arasından uçuş saati ve transit yolcu sayısı gibi faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi sonucunda sefer düzenlenecek uçuş rotasının belirlenmesi olarak ifade edilebilir. Çalışma iki fazdan oluşmaktadır. Ilk fazda üç aşamalı olarak VZA yöntemi ile etkin olan uçuş rotaları belirlenmektedir. Ikinci fazda ise uçuş saati ve transit yolcu sayısı verileri değerlendirilerek etkin olarak belirlenen uçuş rotaları arasından sefer düzenlenecek uçuş rotasına verilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda havayollarının yeni uçuş rotası belirlerken VZA yönteminin uçuş rotası ile ilgili diğer faktörler ile birlikte kullanılabileceği belirtilebilmektedir.
REABILITAÇÃO FISIOTERAPÊUTICA EM PACIENTES SUBMETIDOS À CIRURGIA DE REVASCULARIZAÇÃO DO MIOCÁRDIO: PRÉ E PÓS- OPERATÓRIO
Authors: Castro Giovanna Sabrina Santos , Cardoso Leigiane Alves
Published: October 2024

A cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (CRM) é bastante utilizada para o tratamento de doenças cardíacas, principalmente em doenças com obstrução arterial. No entanto, esse procedimento tem riscos e complicações respiratórias e perda funcional. Com o objetivo em apresentar condutas fisioterapêuticas importantes a serem usadas no tratamento de pré e pós cirúrgico de CRM. A apresentação dessas condutas é fundamental para promover a recuperação segura e eficaz dos pacientes e reduzir a morbidade e a mortalidade associadas à cirurgia. Foi realizada um revisão de literatura de artigos científicos publicados entre 2011 e 2022, selecionados na base de dados MedLine, SciELO e PubMed. A análise mostrou que a reabilitação cardíaca tem sido vista como essencial na reabilitação de pacientes cirúrgicos cardiovasculares, visando oferecer o melhor condicionamento cardiovascular, proporcionando uma melhor qualidade de vida ao paciente, no pré-operatório e no pós-operatório, diminuindo complicações cirúrgicas e auxiliando na recuperação mais rápida.
Dynamical downscaling and data assimilation for a cold-air outbreak in the European Alps during the Year Without a Summer of 1816
Authors: Stucki Peter , Pfister Lucas , Brugnara Yuri , Varga Renate , Hari Chantal , Brönnimann Stefan
Published: October 2024

Abstract. The “Year Without a Summer” in 1816 was characterized by extraordinarily cold and wet periods in central Europe, and it was associated with severe crop failures, famine, and socio-economic disruptions. From a modern perspective, and beyond its tragic consequences, the summer of 1816 represents a rare opportunity to analyze the adverse weather (and its impacts) after a major volcanic eruption. However, given the distant past, obtaining the high-resolution data needed for such studies is a challenge. In our approach, we use dynamical downscaling, in combination with 3D variational data assimilation of early instrumental observations, for assessing a cold-air outbreak in early June 1816. We find that the cold spell is well represented in the coarse-resolution 20th Century Reanalysis product which is used for initializing the regional Weather Research and Forecasting Model. Our downscaling simulations (including a 19th century land use scheme) reproduce and explain meteorological processes well at regional to local scales, such as a foehn wind situation over the Alps with much lower temperatures on its northern side. Simulated weather variables, such as cloud cover or rainy days, are simulated in good agreement with (eye) observations and (independent) measurements, with small differences between the simulations with and without data assimilation. However, validations with partly independent station data show that simulations with assimilated pressure and temperature measurements are closer to the observations, e.g., regarding temperatures during the coldest night, for which snowfall as low as the Swiss Plateau was reported, followed by a rapid pressure increase thereafter. General improvements from data assimilation are also evident in simple quantitative analyses of temperature and pressure. In turn, data assimilation requires careful selection, preprocessing, and bias-adjustment of the underlying observations. Our findings underline the great value of digitizing efforts of early instrumental data and provide novel opportunities to learn from extreme weather and climate events as far back as 200 years or more.
A novel formation mechanism of NH2SO3H and its enhancing effect on methanesulfonic acid-methylamine aerosol particle formation in agriculture-developed and coastal industrial areas
Authors: Wang Hui , Wei Shuqin , Yang Jihuan , Yang Yanlong , Li Rongrong , Wang Rui , Zhu Chongqin , Zhang Tianlei , Zhang Changming
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Sulfamic acid (SFA) significantly impacts atmospheric pollution and poses potential risks to human health. Although traditional source of SFA and its role on sulfuric acid-dimethylamine new particle formation (NPF) has received increasing attention, the formation mechanism of SFA from HNSO2 hydrolysis with CH3SO3H and its enhancing effect on methanesulfonic acid-methylamine APF has not been studied, which will limit the understanding for the source and loss of SFA in agriculture-developed and coastal industrial areas. Here, the gaseous and interfacial formation of SFA from HNSO2 hydrolysis with CH3SO3H was investigated using quantum chemical calculations and BOMD simulations. Furthermore, the role of SFA in CH3SO3H-CH3NH2 system was assessed using the Atmospheric Cluster Dynamics Code kinetic model. Our simulation results indicate that the gaseous SFA formation from the hydrolysis of HNSO2 with CH3SO3H can be competitive with that catalyzed by H2O within an altitude of 5–15 km. At the air-water interface, two types of reactions, the ions forming mechanism and the proton exchange mechanism to form NH2SO3-•••H3O+ ion pair were observed on the timescale of picosecond. Considering the overall environment of sulfuric acid emission reduction, the present findings suggest that SFA may play a significant role in NPF and the growth of aerosol particle as i) SFA can directly participate in the formation of CH3SO3H-CH3NH2-based cluster and enhance the rate of NPF from these clusters by approximately 103 times at 278.15 K; and ii) the NH2SO3- species at the air-water interface can attract gaseous molecules to the aqueous surface, and thus promote particle growth.
Sea ice-associated algae and zooplankton fecal pellets fuel organic particle export in the seasonally ice-covered northwest Labrador Sea
Authors: Chen Shao-Min , Dezutter Thibaud , Cote David , Lalande Catherine , Edinger Evan , Sherwood Owen A.
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Ocean warming and Arctic sea ice decline are expected to affect biological pump efficiency by altering the timing, quantity, quality, and composition of export production. However, the origins and composition of sinking organic matter are still understudied for the oceans generally, and in ice-covered areas especially. Here we use compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) of amino acids (AAs) to investigate the sources and composition of exported organic matter from a sediment trap-derived time-series of sinking particles collected at depths of 469 m and 915 m at the edge of Saglek Bank in the northwest Labrador Sea from October 2017 to July 2019. The outer edge of Saglek Bank is located at the confluence of cold and fresh Arctic outflow and relatively warmer Atlantic waters. The area is subject to seasonal sea ice cover and is a biological hotspot for benthic organisms including deep-sea corals and sponges. Sea ice was present for ~50–60 % of the deployment days in both cycles. Phytoplankton blooms at our study site cooccurred with the onset of sea ice melt. Microalgal taxonomy indicated the presence of ice-associated diatoms in the sinking particles during the spring bloom in 2018, confirming that sea ice algae contributed to the organic particle export at our study site. Abundant copepods and copepod nauplii caught in the sediment traps was consistent with a high abundance of copepods in overlying epipelagic waters. Stable carbon isotopes (δ13C) of essential amino acids (EAAs) of the sinking particles revealed a potentially important contribution of sea ice algae as a carbon source at the base of the food web to sinking particles, with only minor modification by microbial resynthesis. Stable nitrogen isotopes (δ15N) of AAs of sinking particles provided independent evidence of the minor bacterial degradation and Bayesian mixing models based on normalized δ15N-AA values revealed dominant contribution of fecal pellets (76–96 %) to the sinking particles. Our study demonstrates the importance of sea ice algae and fecal pellets to the biological pump in the seasonally ice-covered northwest Labrador Sea, with sea ice algae exported either directly via passive sinking or indirectly via zooplankton grazing, with fecal pellets dominating the organic particle fluxes.
A fast and stable calibration method for VLP system without any geometric measurement
Authors: Huang Tianming , Zhuang Yuan , Yang Xiansheng , Sun Xiao
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Visible light positioning (VLP) is one of the most promising technologies for providing high-precision, low-cost indoor positioning and navigation services. However, the traditional calibration methods of VLP are complex and unfriendly to users, which hinders the large-scale commercial deployment of VLP systems. In this letter, a fast and stable calibration method for Lambert model in the received signal strength (RSS)-based VLP system is proposed, which dispenses with geometric measurement and greatly simplifies the calibration procedures. The proposed method calibrates the Lambert model through two steps, firstly using a ratio method to calibrate the Lambert order, and then estimating the constant term. The actual processes only require moving a robot equipped with a photo-detector (PD) along a rectangular trajectory once, and then the program will automatically estimate the required parameters by analyzing the RSS during this period. Experimental results show a good stability of the calibrated parameters, as well as a excellent distance measuring accuracy within 12 cm. And the entire processes, including signal collection and processing, only take a total of no more than four minutes.
Ground Constrained 3D Lidar SLAM Design and Implementation
Authors: Tian Wenwen , Yang Puwei , Yang Chao , Zlatanova Sisi
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Synchronized positioning and mapping techniques based on multi-line LIDAR are mainly used for mobile platforms that require high-precision positioning, such as UAVs and self-driving cars. However, multi-line LiDAR is limited by vertical field of view and vertical angular resolution, which can affect the vertical accuracy of attitude estimation. In this paper, we aim to extract the ground information in the environment and fuse it into a factor map to constrain the vertical accuracy of the attitude. Different from the traditional geometric information-based ground plane segmentation, this paper utilizes point cloud distribution information to extract the ground cloud and uses high-confidence ground features to constrain the attitude drift by considering their distribution weights. Finally, the laser range factor, ground constraint factor and closed-loop factor are integrated under the factor graph optimization framework. The effectiveness of the method is validated on a self-constructed dataset.
Privacy-preserving Indoor Localization in Cloud Environments Based on Ranging Transformation and Inner Product Encryption
Authors: Wang Zhiheng , Xu Yanyan , Zhang Bo , Ouyang Xue
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Cloud-based indoor positioning services offer advantages over non-cloud approaches, but also face serious privacy concerns. How to utilize an untrusted cloud server for location computation while not allowing the server to obtain the localization results is the most challenge in solving the privacy concerns, which has not been solved by the existing research. In this paper, a privacy-preserving indoor positioning scheme was designed to address this challenge. Based on the previous work using Inner Product Encryption for the protection of ranging information and anchor location information during the localization process, a transformation method was additionally proposed for the protection of localization results. The ranging information was transformed by the target, which enables the localization server to get only the transformed localization result, and only the target can recover the real location from it. In addition, this transformation is designed to be performed on the ciphertexts of the Inner Product Encryption so that the private information required for transformation is in the ciphertext form thus avoiding privacy leakage. Theoretical analysis and experimental results demonstrated that this scheme can protect the ranging information, localization results and anchor location information. At the same time, it has lower computation and communication overhead and hardly degrades the localization accuracy.
Elucidation of spatiotemporal structures from high-resolution blowing-snow observations
Authors: Nishimura Kouichi , Nemoto Masaki , Ito Yoichi , Omiya Satoru , Shimoyama Kou , Niiya Hirofumi
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Systematic observations were conducted to investigate the spatiotemporal structures of blowing snow. Along a line perpendicular to the dominant wind direction on the lee side of a flat field, 15 snow particle counters (SPCs) and ultrasonic anemometers (USAs) were placed 1.5 m apart. Data were recorded at high frequencies of 100 kHz for SPCs and 1 kHz for USAs. The horizontal mass flux distributions, representing the spatiotemporal variability of blowing snow, exhibited non-uniformity in both time and space and manifested periodic changes akin to snow waves. Additionally, the presence of “snow snakes”, meandering near the snow surface, was observed. Quadrant analysis revealed predominant snow fluxes in quadrants Q1 (u′>0, w′>0) and Q4 (u′>0, w′<0). However, a more detailed parametric curve analysis indicated the existence of ejection events in Q2 (u′<0, w′>0) before snow waves and in front of snow snakes, shifting to Q1 and Q4 afterward, implying the consideration of both top-down and bottom-up mechanisms for burst sweep events.
Age Well, Work Well: Relationship of Healthy Aging with Career Commitment and Bridge Employment Intentions among Pre-Retirees
Authors: Khalid Samia , Arshad Arooj
Published: October 2024

Old age is considered an achievement to complete the milestones of one's life. However, the aging population presents significant economic, social, and health challenges. There is a need to address these challenges by focusing on bridge employment after retirement and considering healthy aging an essential part of later life. This correlational research aims to study the relationship between healthy ageing, career commitment and bridge employment intention among pre-retirees. Sample of 308 older employees (M= 57.79, SD= 1.88) was selected from government educational sector of Lahore, Pakistan by using non probability purposive sampling technique. The measure included Attitudes to Ageing Questionnaire, The Occupational Commitment Scale, and Bridge Employment Intention Scale. Results indicate a significant positive relation of healthy aging with career commitment (r = .27, p< .05) and bridge employment intention (r = .17, p< .05) of pre-retirees. Inversely, employee’s education has significant negative relationship with healthy ageing (r = -.12, p< .05), career commitment (r = -.19, p< .01) and bridge employment intention (r = -.29, p< .01). Further, the mediation analysis through Hayes process macro model 4 revealed that career commitment mediates the relationship between healthy aging and bridge employment intention. The study provides a valuable insight and suggested that the organizations should value experienced employees for institutional growth and implement flexible work arrangements, continuous learning opportunities and health and wellness programs to promote work after retirement.
Exploring the Association between Sexual Orientation Beliefs and Ambivalent Sexism in Young Adults
Authors: Younas Faiz , Qayyum Shazia , Younas Fatima
Published: October 2024

This paper investigated the association between sexual orientation beliefs and ambivalent sexism in young adults. It was hypothesized that sexual orientation beliefs would correlate with and predicate ambivalent sexism, while there would be significant sociodemographic differences across the study variables. Selecting a cross-sectional (correlation) approach, a non-probability convenient sample of 221 young adults (Mage = 24.84, SDage = 5.82) was recruited. After filling out a detailed sociodemographic information sheet, the participants responded to original (English) versions of the Sexual Orientation Beliefs Scale (Arseneau et al., 2013) and the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (Glick & Fiske, 1996). The analysis revealed that all sub-scales of the Sexual Orientation Beliefs Scale (discreetness, naturalness, informativeness and homogeneity) had positive correlations with hostile sexism and benevolent sexism. Moreover, discreetness, informativeness, and homogeneity beliefs predicted hostile sexism, while only the homogeneity belief predicted benevolent sexism. The socio-demographic variables of age and education emerged as significant correlates. Muslims held stronger ambivalent sexism than non-Muslims but no difference was found in sexual orientation beliefs. Hostile sexism was higher in men and those from a nuclear family system. Benevolent sexism was higher in unemployed and non-heterosexual individuals. Lastly, the discreetness belief was stronger in men and heterosexuals. This study would be a valuable addition to the academic scholarship as it provided insights into the indigenous patterns of sexual orientation beliefs and their relationship with specific forms of sexism.
Caring for Carers: Association between Care-giving and Quality of Life of Family Carers of Spinal Cord Injury Survivors in Pakistan
Authors: Bibi Neelam , Aslam Naeem
Published: October 2024

Caring for someone with a spinal cord injury (SCI) has always been a family endeavor in developed as well as developing countries like Pakistan. Majority of people with SCI need assistance of others to carry out daily life activities i.e., eating, self-care, transportation and this functional dependence of patients on their attendant affect Quality of Life (QOL) of caregivers. Present study was designed to find the relationship between caregiver burden, psychosocial factors and QOL among caregivers. Caregiver Burden Inventory-SCI and WHOQOL was used to measure study variables. Cross-sectional research design having purposive sampling technique was used to gather data from spinal units of various hospitals of Pakistan. Sample size includes N= 255 family caregivers of SCI patients. Correlation analyses were applied to find the relationship between psychosocial factors, caregiver burden and QOL. Results showed that caregiver burden was significantly negatively correlated with quality of life and positively correlated with care-giving hours, duration of injury, and number of helpers involved in care-giving process. Furthermore, female caregivers showed high level caregiver burden and low levels of quality of life as compared to male counterparts. Similarly, married persons scored higher on caregiver burden and whose patients had paraplegic nature of injury. In Pakistan, there are no respite care programs for carers, The abovementioned findings are helpful in planning psychotherapeutic interventions and tailored caregiver training programs to lessen the impact of caregiver burden on caregivers and to boost their quality of life.
Long-term pulmonary and extra-pulmonary consequences of COVID-19: A comprehensive review of current evidence and future perspectives
Authors: Wanjari Mayur , Late Sampada , Sharma Ranjana , Munjewar Pratiksha
Published: October 2024

The global impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been significant, affecting countless individuals worldwide. The existence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to considerable levels of illness and mortality. While considerable attention has been devoted to the immediate handling of COVID-19, there is a growing concern about the long-term effects of this disease. The recent studies have brought to light various complexities associated with COVID-19, encompassing both respiratory and non-respiratory problems such as lung scarring, heart diseases, neurological effects, and psychological consequences. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the persistent repercussions of COVID-19. It presents a summary of recent studies that have examined the frequency and severity of these complications, as well as an exploration of the potential mechanisms that contribute to their development. Specifically, it delves into the role of immune dysregulation, prolonged inflammation, and dysfunction of blood vessel linings in the origin of these complications. Moreover, the clinical significance of these long-term consequences is discussed, including their potential impact on healthcare systems and society as a whole. Our review highlights the necessity for continuous monitoring and management of patients diagnosed with COVID-19, along with the importance of conducting follow-up studies over an extended period to determine the most effective strategies for prevention and treatment of these complications.