bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prescribing practices of antimicrobial prophylaxis in older patients in the surgical wards
Authors: Khan Zakir , Ahmed Naveed , ur Rehman Asim , Khan Faiz Ullah , Hamid Syed Muhammad
Published: September 2019

Background:

appropriate prescribing of antimicrobial prophylaxis (AP) is a main strategy of the antimicrobial stewardship programme.

Aim:

to investigate the prescribing practices of antimicrobial prophylaxis and adherence to recommended protocols in older patients in the surgical wards at a 600-bed teaching hospital in Islamabad, Pakistan.

Method:

researchers selected 240 surgical procedures retrospectively for patients aged 65 years and older admitted to four surgical specialties (abdominal, orthopaedic, urological and neurosurgery) during 1 year. The different parameters of antimicrobial prescription were compared with international clinical practice guidelines.

Findings:

There were more ‘clean’ surgical wound procedures (n=104; 43.3%) than ‘clean contaminated’ (n=97; 40.4%) and most of these were elective surgical procedures (n=226; 94%). The indication, selection, route, dose, and timing of antimicrobial were found to have adhered with the standard guidelines in 89.6%, 32.5%, 100%, 100% and 55.3% of cases, respectively (optimal value 100%). A statistically significant difference was observed between antimicrobial practices and surgical procedures (P< 0.001). The commonly prescribed antimicrobials were ceftriaxone followed by cefazolin.

Conclusion:

about 89% of participants who underwent surgical procedures received antimicrobials. The selection of therapeutic agent, the timing and use of broad-spectrum antimicrobial were the common problems in our setting.
Curating with Ecologies of Girlhood
Authors: Hofsess Brooke Anne , Ulmer Jasmine , Carlisle Jennie , Caldwell Shauna
Published: September 2019

In this visual essay we revisit a summer immersion, Ecologies of Girlhood. An array of women curators, storytellers, musicians, performers, artists, ecologists, scientists and scholars shared their practices in an intergenerational and interdisciplinary format with a group of girls between the ages of 7and 10. The immersion unfolded through a series of walking provocations sparked by local elements – indigenous plants, stories, poetry, ballads, sheroes, rivers, streetscapes and art. Exploring playful modes of curating, the girls gathered some of these moments and objects together, as last day overflowed into an exhibition with pop-up lectures, performances, and opportunities for making, learning and teaching. For us, curating with embraces our alongsideness with, rather than our acquisition of, what is ecologically threaded through girlhood, and offers a way of creatively placing and performing ourselves within the contributions of women in Appalachia, with the land and with one another.
La huella de Larra en la Argentina romántica
Authors: Moreno Alcaraz Rosa
Published: September 2019

El siglo XIX supone un momento determinante en la configuración del país argentino: las luchas políticas y culturales dadas anhelarán, en última instancia, la construcción de una nación libre íntegramente. En esta línea, emergen unos combatientes singulares que emplearán un arma inusual en semejante lucha: la Generación del 37 argentina, compuesta por jóvenes bonaerenses que buscan la configuración de una nación autónoma y que empuñará su pluma para publicar textos cuyo objetivo será la educación popular en aras de la independencia. No obstante, pese a la originalidad de tales obras, este estudio se propone analizar la huella que el español Mariano José de Larra habría legado a este grupo y, por tanto, a la literatura romántica argentina decimonónica.
Guerras de soledad, soldados de infamia. Representaciones de combatientes irregulares, clandestinos o mercenarios en la literatura española, editado por Eva María Flores Ruiz y Fernando Durán López, Genueve Ediciones, 2018.
Authors: Ayala Aracil María de los Ángeles
Published: September 2019

Reseña de la publicación: Guerras de soledad, soldados de infamia. Representaciones de combatientes irregulares, clandestinos o mercenarios en la literatura española, editado por Eva María Flores Ruiz y Fernando Durán López, Genueve Ediciones, 2018. ISBN: 9788494581458, 242 páginas.
Comparative immune responses of pups following modified live virus vaccinations against canine parvovirus
Authors: Vasu Jayalakshmi , Srinivas Mouttou Vivek , Antony Prabhakar Xavier , Thanislass Jacob , Padmanaban Vijayalakshmi , Mukhopadhyay Hirak Kumar
Published: September 2019

Background and Aim: Canine parvovirus (CPV) is the most important viral cause of enteritis and mortality in pups. Evaluation and monitoring of pre- and post-vaccine immune responses may help to determine the efficacy of the current vaccination schedule being followed in pups in India. This study aimed to evaluate and monitor the pre- and post-vaccine immune responses of CPV vaccinated pups using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay. The neutralizing antibody titer levels were also detected using serum neutralization test (SNT).

Materials and Methods: The pups were categorized into two groups, the double booster and the single booster groups. In this study, serum samples were subjected to HI and SNT for measuring the CPV antibody titer at frequent intervals for up to 6 months from 27 healthy pups following primary and booster CPV vaccinations.

Results: The antibody titers in double booster pups reached their peaks at the 21st day after the second booster vaccination with a geometric mean (GM) of 3.57. The antibody titers in single booster pups reached their peaks at the 21st day after the first booster vaccination with a lower GM of 3.18.

Conclusion: The double booster pups maintained a higher immune response throughout the period of the study compared to single booster pups though the difference in titers was not statistically significant. SNT results indicated that the raised antibody titer was also able to yield virus-neutralizing antibodies. No interfering maternally derived antibodies were found in the pups at the age of primary vaccination (45th day) in our study. Therefore, the second booster vaccination may be useful in maintaining the protective titer for a prolonged period.
IMMUNOINFLAMMATORY RHEUMATIC DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH TYPE I INTERFERON: NEW EVIDENCE
Authors: Nasonov E. L. , Avdeeva A. S.
Published: September 2019

Immunoinflammatory rheumatic diseases (IIRDs) are a large group of pathological conditions with impaired immunological tolerance to autogenous tissues, leading to inflammation and irreversible organ damage. The review discusses current ideas on the role of type I interferons in the immunopathogenesis of IIRDs, primarily systemic lupus erythematosus, and new possibilities for personalized therapy.
Victorian Mages: Robert Browning’s “Pietro of Abano” as a Critical Corollary to Alfred Tennyson’s Merlin
Authors: Manor Gal
Published: September 2019

Against the backdrop of Victorian celebrity culture, Robert Browning and Alfred Tennyson conjure the literary trope of the magician in order to convey their poetic choices and to examine the relationship between the poet and his audience. Whereas Browning’s magician, “Pietro of Abano” of Dramatic Idyls (1880), is subversive, odd and persecuted, the Poet Laureate’s Merlin of the Idylls of the King (1859–1875) is acknowledged and well admired. This essay will explore Browning’s Pietro as a critical response to Tennyson’s Merlin, reflecting the complex personal relationship between the two poets, their stylistic differences and their dissimilar reception by their contemporaries.
A left ventricular phantom for 3D echocardiographic twist measurements
Authors: Hjertaas Johannes Just , Matre Knut
Published: September 2019

Traditional two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) studies have shown a wide range of twist values, also for normal hearts, which is due to the limitations of short-axis 2D ultrasound. The same limitations do not apply to three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound, and several studies have shown 3D ultrasound to be superior to 2D ultrasound, which is unreliable for measuring twist. The aim of this study was to develop a left ventricular twisting phantom and to evaluate the accuracy of 3D STE twist measurements using different acquisition methods and volume rates (VR). This phantom was not intended to simulate a heart, but to function as a medium for ultrasound deformation measurement. The phantom was made of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and casted using 3D printed molds. Twist was obtained by making the phantom consist of two PVA layers with different elastic properties in a spiral pattern. This gave increased apical rotation with increased stroke volume in a mock circulation. To test the accuracy of 3D STE twist, both single-beat, as well as two, four and six multi-beat acquisitions, were recorded and compared against twist from implanted sonomicrometry crystals. A custom-made software was developed to calculate twist from sonomicrometry. The phantom gave sonomicrometer twist values from 2.0° to 13.8° depending on the stroke volume. STE software tracked the phantom wall well at several combinations of temporal and spatial resolution. Agreement between the two twist methods was best for multi-beat acquisitions in the range of 14.4–30.4 volumes per second (VPS), while poorer for single-beat and higher multi-beat VRs. Smallest offset was obtained at six-beat multi-beat at 17.1 VPS and 30.4 VPS. The phantom proved to be a useful tool for simulating cardiac twist and gave different twist at different stroke volumes. Best agreement with the sonomicrometer reference method was obtained at good spatial resolution (high beam density) and a relatively low VR. 3D STE twist values showed better agreement with sonomicrometry for most multi-beat recordings compared with single-beat recordings.
Retrieving the Law and Gospel Distinction for the Task of Dogmatics
Authors: Wisse Maarten
Published: September 2019

In this paper, I argue that contemporary dogmatics shares a common interest in the representation of God and God’s acts in human language, be this in a more narrowly propositional way or a more broadly defined doxological or dramaturgical way. I argue for an alternative way of looking at the task of dogmatics in terms of the classical distinction between Law and Gospel. I argue that this view of the task of dogmatics makes us understand premodern dogmatics better than from the perspective of dogmatics as oriented towards representation. Finally, I argue that this alternative can be a way of doing dogmatics nowadays in a fresh way. I illustrate these three points by reference to the doctrine of the Trinity, Christology and atonement.
The Voice of the People in Homer
Authors: Nikias Kyriaco
Published: September 2019

The informality of the Homeric assembly is often emphasised to distinguish it from the democratic bodies of the classical polis, and to show that the people in the Homeric society had no means to qualify the power of their aristocratic leaders. This article argues, to the contrary, that the lack of a formal system of command and control in the Homeric society conditioned the dependence of the leaders on a political model of persuasion. Since this was necessarily directed at the mass population of the society, they people were integrated in the system of government. This was maintained through three general mechanisms: first, the voice of the people was institutionalised, in the form of a popular assembly, the agorē; second, the people had a standardised, effective means by which to express consent and a limited amount of dissent to their leaders in the assembly; third, the people participated in a juridical function which was communal in purpose and form. This model seeks to show that, in these ways, the voice of the people held an important position in the structure of power, one which depended on the informality of that structure rather than being reduced by it.
Sprachliche Akkommodation in onkologischen Therapieplanungsgesprächen
Authors: Imo Wolfgang
Published: September 2019

Accommdation is ubiquitous in interaction. Depending on the situation, accommodation can be successful or it can fail, either intentionally or unintentionally, leading to under-accommodation, over-accommodation or contra-accommodation. Accommodation plays a vital role in interactional settings, especially in doctor-patient-communication, because accommodation is closely linked to the management of understanding, establishment of shared knowledge and building of trust. It is this interactional work of mutual adaption that this article is about. Using examples from a corpus of oncology consultations between doctors and patients in various oncology departments of a hospital, it is shown how doctors and patients accommodate both in a sequentially and temporally structured way or – only rarely – counter-, over- or underaccommodate.
„... und wenn etwas unglaubwürdig klingt, was man ihnen nachsagt, so könnt ihr versichert sein, daß es noch um die Hälfte hinter der Wahrheit zurückbleibt“. Wahr-Sagen als sprachliche Strategie des Widerstehens in Thomas Manns BBC-Reden
Authors: Markewitz Friedrich
Published: September 2019

Linguistics predominantly concentrate on the language use of the National Socialist regime. Resistance and oppostional discourses and their linguistic actions of resisting were only rudimentary taken into account and still represents a research desideratum. Based on a central actor of the exiled resistance – Thomas Mann – an important linguistic strategy of resisting – true saying – is to be made an issue in this context and worked on exemplarily in the BBC speeches held between 1940 and 1945. Based on the uses of the lexeme Wahrheit, wahr and wahrhaftig, their use in the individual speeches should be reflected against the background that it was Mann’s stated goal to discredit the constructions of reality of the NS propaganda and to convey alternative perspectives to the german listeners. The processing of his strategies are the subject of this essay.
Religious Change as a Challenge: Sociological Approaches in the Interpretation and Explanation of Religion
Authors: Gärtner Christel
Published: September 2019

I will demonstrate how religious change repeatedly confronts the sociology of religion with new problems of interpretation and explanation. In the first part (I), I will take a closer look at these problems at a macro sociological level. In doing so, I will provide a brief historical outline and link this to the respective problems of interpretation and explanation. This historical development allows us to discuss the various explanatory models. In the second part (II), I will take a different perspective and switch to the micro sociological level. I will show how responding to the question of meaning is still possible in secular societies, where the answers handed down by religious traditions are no longer accepted as a matter of course. In this part, I will take up the problems of explanation previously outlined and trace in particular the transformation of church-based religion into subjective forms of religiosity. My paper focuses on the following questions: How are social developments and religious change interwoven? How do theories in the sociology of religion explain religious change? What does social modernization and functional differentiation mean for the individual? What effects does modernity have on religion and in particular on the religiosity of individuals?
Colloidal Physicochemical Properties and Variation Mechanisms of Lithium Complex Grease under Limited Operating Temperature
Authors: Pan Jiabao , Cao Shuai , Wang Jianping
Published: September 2019

This study aims to investigate the colloidal physicochemical properties and variation mechanisms of lithium complex grease after heating at a limited operating temperature (180°C). Experimental lubricating grease samples were prepared by static heating in the laboratory for different times to simulate the limited operating temperature. The variations in grease mass loss and consistence were studied. Rheological behavior tests were carried out to explore the structural strength and structural recovery properties of all grease samples by using a continuous shear and oscillatory shear rheometry model of rotational rheometer. The fibrous microstructure was investigated by field emission scanning electron microscope, and infrared spectra were recorded using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. A structural evolution model of grease colloidal dispersion system was established and used to elucidate the variation mechanism of grease colloidal physicochemical properties under limited operating temperature conditions. The colloidal property of lithium complex grease gradually changed with prolonged heating time. The consistence of grease increased with increasing heating time. The typical shear yield phenomenon became less obvious, and the structural recovery property evidently weakened obviously with prolonged heating time. The variation mechanism of grease colloidal physicochemical properties could be mainly attributed to the thickener oxidation of grease. Results provide experimental support for grease application and failure analysis under harsh conditions.
The Prediction of Road Cracks through Acoustic Signature: Extended Finite Element Modeling and Experiments
Authors: Fedele Rosario , Praticò Filippo Giammaria , Pellicano Gianfranco
Published: September 2019

Traffic produces vibrations and noise that affect the livability and structural integrity of the built environment. Despite the fact that many studies focused on traffic-induced vibrations and noise, there is a lack of studies linking the vibrations propagating into the road pavement and the related acoustic response (or acoustic signature) as a means to assess the structural health status. Indeed, monitoring this response can lead to an estimation of the road layer structural condition and an identification of cracks that occurred because of the traffic. Consequently, the objectives of this study are to (i) model the involved phenomena through a Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis; (ii) compare data and simulations; and (iii) set up an Extended Finite Element Model (EXFEM) that is able to forecast the change of the road acoustic signature over time because of the presence of occurred cracks. Loads and sound-related phenomena (generation, transmission, interaction with cracks) were simulated through an EXFEM software. In addition, in order to estimate the effectiveness of the study, the aforementioned simulations were compared with real data gathered from a Dense Graded Friction Course road pavement in different and controlled structural conditions through a specially designed, microphone-based electronic system. Even if further studies are needed to better fix the measurement chain and better carry out the FEM analyses, preliminary results show that the EXFEM model is able to reproduce, with good approximation, the measured signals and that this model can be used to forecast the effects of different types of cracks on the propagation of vibration into road pavements.
DrosophilaBruton's Tyrosine Kinase Regulates Habituation Latency and Facilitation in Distinct Mushroom Body Neurons
Authors: Roussou Ilianna G. , Papanikolopoulou Katerina , Savakis Charalambos , Skoulakis Efthimios M. C.
Published: September 2019

Habituation is the adaptive behavioral outcome of processes engaged in timely devaluation of non-reinforced repetitive stimuli, but the neuronal circuits and molecular mechanisms that underlie them are not well understood. To gain insights into these processes we developed and characterized a habituation assay to repetitive footshocks in mixed sexDrosophilagroups and demonstrated that acute neurotransmission from adult α/β mushroom body (MB) neurons prevents premature stimulus devaluation. Herein we demonstrate that activity of the non-receptor tyrosine kinase dBtk protein is required within these neurons to prevent premature habituation. Significantly, we also demonstrate that the complementary process of timely habituation to the repetitive stimulation is facilitated by α′/β′ MB neurons and also requires dBtk activity. Hence our results provide initial insights into molecular mechanisms engaged in footshock habituation within distinct MB neurons. Importantly, dBtk attenuation specifically within α′/β′ neurons leads to defective habituation, which is readily reversible by administration of the antipsychotics clozapine and risperidone suggesting that the loss of the kinase may dysregulate monoamine receptors within these neurons, whose activity underlies the failure to habituate.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHabituation refers to processes underlying decisions to attend or ignore stimuli, which are pivotal to brain function as they underlie selective attention and learning, but the circuits involved and the molecular mechanisms engaged by the process therein are poorly understood. We demonstrate that habituation to repetitive footshock involves two phases mediated by distinct neurons of theDrosophilamushroom bodies and require the function of the dBtk non-receptor tyrosine kinase. Moreover, habituation failure upon dBtk abrogation in neurons where it is required to facilitate the process is readily reversible by antipsychotics, providing conceptual links to particular symptoms of schizophrenia in humans, also characterized by habituation defects and ameliorated by these pharmaceuticals.
Circuit-Specific Early Impairment of Proprioceptive Sensory Neurons in the SOD1G93AMouse Model for ALS
Authors: Seki Soju , Yamamoto Toru , Quinn Kiara , Spigelman Igor , Pantazis Antonios , Olcese Riccardo , Wiedau-Pazos Martina , Chandler Scott H. , Venugopal Sharmila
Published: September 2019

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease in which motor neurons degenerate, resulting in muscle atrophy, paralysis, and fatality. Studies using mouse models of ALS indicate a protracted period of disease development with progressive motor neuron pathology, evident as early as embryonic and postnatal stages. Key missing information includes concomitant alterations in the sensorimotor circuit essential for normal development and function of the neuromuscular system. Leveraging unique brainstem circuitry, we showin vitroevidence for reflex circuit-specific postnatal abnormalities in the jaw proprioceptive sensory neurons in the well-studied SOD1G93Amouse. These include impaired and arrhythmic action potential burst discharge associated with a deficit in Nav1.6 Na+channels. However, the mechanoreceptive and nociceptive trigeminal ganglion neurons and the visual sensory retinal ganglion neurons were resistant to excitability changes in age-matched SOD1G93Amice. Computational modeling of the observed disruption in sensory patterns predicted asynchronous self-sustained motor neuron discharge suggestive of imminent reflexive defects, such as muscle fasciculations in ALS. These results demonstrate a novel reflex circuit-specific proprioceptive sensory abnormality in ALS.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeurodegenerative diseases have prolonged periods of disease development and progression. Identifying early markers of vulnerability can therefore help devise better diagnostic and treatment strategies. In this study, we examined postnatal abnormalities in the electrical excitability of muscle spindle afferent proprioceptive neurons in the well-studied SOD1G93Amouse model for neurodegenerative motor neuron disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Our findings suggest that these proprioceptive sensory neurons are exclusively afflicted early in the disease process relative to sensory neurons of other modalities. Moreover, they presented Nav1.6 Na+channel deficiency, which contributed to arrhythmic burst discharge. Such sensory arrhythmia could initiate reflexive defects, such as muscle fasciculations in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, as suggested by our computational model.
Posterior Hippocampal Spindle Ripples Co-occur with Neocortical Theta Bursts and Downstates-Upstates, and Phase-Lock with Parietal Spindles during NREM Sleep in Humans
Authors: Jiang Xi , Gonzalez-Martinez Jorge , Halgren Eric
Published: September 2019

Human anterior and posterior hippocampus (aHC, pHC) differ in connectivity and behavioral correlates. Here we report physiological differences in humans of both sexes. During NREM sleep, the human hippocampus generates sharpwave ripples (SWRs) similar to those which in rodents mark memory replay. We show that while pHC generates SWRs, it also generates approximately as many spindle ripples (SSR: ripples phase-locked to local spindles). In contrast, SSRs are rare in aHC. Like SWRs, SSRs often co-occur with neocortical theta bursts (TBs), downstates (DSs), sleep spindles (SSs), and upstates (USs), which coordinate cortico-hippocampal interactions and facilitate consolidation in rodents. SWRs co-occur with these waves in widespread cortical areas, especially frontocentral. These waves typically occur in the sequence TB-DS-SS-US, with SWRs usually occurring before SS-US. In contrast, SSRs occur ∼350 ms later, with a strong preference for co-occurrence with posterior-parietal SSs. pHC-SSs were strongly phase-locked with parietal-SSs, and pHC-SSRs were phase-coupled with pHC-SSs and parietal-SSs. Human SWRs (and associated replay events, if any) are separated by ∼5 s on average, whereas ripples on successive SSR peaks are separated by only ∼80 ms. These distinctive physiological properties of pHC-SSR enable an alternative mechanism for hippocampal engagement with neocortex.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTRodent hippocampal neurons replay waking events during sharpwave ripples (SWRs) in NREM sleep, facilitating memory transfer to a permanent cortical store. We show that human anterior hippocampus also produces SWRs, but spindle ripples predominate in posterior. Whereas SWRs typically occur as cortex emerges from inactivity, spindle ripples typically occur at peak cortical activity. Furthermore, posterior hippocampal spindle ripples are tightly coupled to posterior parietal locations activated by conscious recollection. Finally, multiple spindle ripples can recur within a second, whereas SWRs are separated by ∼5 s. The human posterior hippocampus is considered homologous to rodent dorsal hippocampus, which is thought to be specialized for consolidation of specific memory details. We speculate that these distinct physiological characteristics of posterior hippocampal spindle ripples may support a related function in humans.
Perlindungan Mutasi Guru dengan Berlakunya Undang-undang No 23 tahun 2014 Pemerintahan Daerah
Authors: Kurniawan Itok Dwi , Al Muchtar Suwarma
Published: September 2019

Indonesia is a country based on the rule of law, this is in accordance with the mandate of the constitution. Citizens, in this case especially teachers must get protection in order to be able to carry out their rights and obligations comfortably. After the enactment of Law Number 32 Year 2004 to Law Number 23 Year 2014, secondary education became a provincial affair so there were a lot of teacher mutations. To anticipate this, the government issued a Circular Letter of the Minister of Home Affairs Number 120/5935 / SJ dated October 16, 2015 concerning the Acceleration of the Implementation of Affairs Under Act Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government. The aim of this research is to determine the protection of teacher mutations by the enactment of local government laws. Teachers' protection according to this study can be divided into two, namely preventive (cancellation of regulations / Perbup / Perwali) and repressive (lawsuit of the State Administrative Court). Legal protection for teachers can be done preventively and repressively. Preventively, it could be through the governor's authority as a representative of the government to overturn the decision and repressively, the teacher could submit a claim to the State Administrative Court to cancel the letter of its decision. The existence of this law is expected to improve the welfare of teachers throughout Indonesia.Negara Indonesia adalah negara yang berdasarkan pada aturan hukum, hal ini sesuai dengan amanah konstitusi. Warga negara, dalam hal ini khususnya guru harus mendapatkan perlindungan agar bisa menjalankan hak dan kewajibannya dengan nyaman. Setelah berlakunya UU Nomor 32 Tahun 2004 ke UU Nomor 23 Tahun 2014, pendidikan menengah menjadi urusan provinsi sehingga banyak sekali terjadi mutasi guru. Untuk mengantisipasi hal tersebut, pemerintah mengeluarkan Surat Edaran Menteri Dalam NegeriÂ  Nomor 120/5935/SJ tanggal 16 Oktober 2015 tentang PercepatanÂ  Pelaksanaan Pengalihan Urusan Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah. Tujuan peneitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perlindungan mutasi guru dengan berlakunya undang-undang pemerintah daerah. Perlindungan bagi guru menurut penelitian ini dibedakan menjadi dua, yaitu preventif (pembatalan perda/perbup/perwali) dan represif (gugatan Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara). Perlindungan hukum terhadap guru bisa dilakukan secara preventif danÂ  represif. Secara preventif, bisa melalui kewenangan gubernur sebagai wakil pemerintah untuk membatalkan keputusan tersebut dan secara represif, guru bisa mengajukan tuntutan kepada pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara untuk membatalkan surat keputusan mutasinya. Dengan adanya undang-undang tersebut diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan para guru di seluruh Indonesia.
ISLAMIC LAW AND BUSINESS ETHICS PERSPECTIVES TOWARDS BURNING FOREST AS METHOD TO LAND CLEARING
Authors: Arrisman Arrisman
Published: September 2019

Burning forest as one method to clear land has made many losses not only to the welfare of the people in Indonesia, but also to the environment. However, studies examined these issues from the perspectives of the government’s laws, the Islamic Law and the business ethics have been limited. For that reason, this study aims at discussing the perspectives of the government’s law, the Islamic law and business ethics toward forest burning as a method to land clearing. The method used is by undertaking doctrinal research. The sources of the data were from primary and secondary legal materials. The study found that there have been government’s laws and regulations to ban forest burning activity. These laws include the Law No. 32 of 2009 on the Protection and Environmental Management, the Law No. 41 of 1999 on Forestry, the Law No. 18 Year 2013 on the Prevention and Eradication of forest destruction, and the Law No. 39 of 2014 on Plantations to name only four laws. The Islamic law has given guidance to human beings in managing the natural resources. These guidance have been highlighted in Surah Albaqarah 2:30 and Surah Al-Ghashiyah 88:17. Also, it is argued that compliance with the existence of business ethics will be a strong reason for the establishment of a close relationship between the company and the community. The public will be very pleased with the company in running its operations in accordance with business ethics. For this reason, it is suggested that the business plantations and other corporations  should comply with the business ethics. This aims simply to maintain harmony between business activities and the nature. So that, the corporations will be able to sustain their business activities, while at the same time the people will have certainty to have healthy environment.
HPV Vaccine Delivery Practices by Primary Care Physicians
Authors: Kempe Allison , O’Leary Sean T. , Markowitz Lauri E. , Crane Lori A. , Hurley Laura P. , Brtnikova Michaela , Beaty Brenda L. , Meites Elissa , Stokley Shannon , Lindley Megan C.
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

To examine, among pediatricians and family physicians (FPs) (1) human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine delivery practices, (2) delivery experiences, and (3) attitudes regarding new 2-dose HPV vaccination schedules.

METHODS:

We surveyed nationally representative networks of pediatricians and FPs by Internet or mail from July 2018 to September 2018. Multivariable regression was used to assess factors associated with refusal or deferral rates of ≥50% among 11- to 12-year-old patients.

RESULTS:

The response rate was 65% (302 pediatricians and 228 FPs included). Pediatricians who strongly recommended the HPV vaccine ranged from 99% for patients ≥15 years old (female) to 83% for those 11 to 12 years old (male); FPs ranged from 90% for patients ≥15 years old (female) to 66% for those 11 to 12 years old (male) (P < .0001 between specialties). Sixty-five percent of pediatricians and 42% of FPs always or almost always used presumptive style when discussing the HPV vaccine (P < .0001). Overall, 40% used standing orders and 42% had electronic alerts. Among pediatricians, the proportion reporting a refusal or deferral rate ≥50% was 19% for female patients and 23% for male patients 11 to 12 years old; FPs reported 27% and 36%, respectively. In the multivariable regression (both sexes), refusal or deferral was associated with physicians not strongly recommending the HPV vaccine to 11- to 12-year-old patients, not using a presumptive style, perceiving less resistance when introducing the HPV vaccine to a 13-year-old patient versus an 11- or 12-year-old patient, and anticipating an uncomfortable conversation when recommending the HPV vaccine to an 11- or 12-year-old patient. Eighty-nine percent of pediatricians and 79% of FPs reported that more adolescents <15 years old are completing the HPV series now that only 2 doses are recommended.

CONCLUSIONS:

Although most physicians strongly recommend the HPV vaccine to 11- to 12-year-old patients, our data reveal areas for improvement in recommendation and delivery methods. Most physicians perceive that the 2-dose schedule is resulting in higher HPV completion rates.
Bootstrap Logistic Regression on Determining Factors Affecting the Level of Entrepreneurial Capability
Authors: Ridho Muhammad , Devianto Dodi
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that affect the level of entrepreneurial capability in tourism of rural area in Nagari Salayo of West Sumatra. The level of entrepreneurial capability is the response variable in this study with an ordinal scale consisting of four categories, they are lower, middle, high, or very high. Whereas the predictor variables consist of 4 socio-demographic factor variables, they are gender, education level, age group and occupation, and also 5 entrepreneurial motivation variables. To determine the predictor variables that are significantly affecting response variables, an ordinal logistic regression with a bootstrap estimation is executed. The study’s result shows two predictor variables that affect the response variable significantly, they are the entrepreneurial motive and social motive with the hit ratio of 61,667%. With that result, the model formed by bootstrapping logistic regression is able to determine the level of entrepreneurial capability in tourism of the rural area.
Multi Unit Spares Inventory Control-Three Dimensional (MUSIC 3D) Approach to Inventory Management
Authors: Ni'mah Zaidatun , Farida Yuniar
Published: September 2019

Inventory control is a series of efforts that need to be done for each company to generate the maximum profit from existing inventory. In this study inventory control was conducted through the Multi-Unit Spares Inventory Control – Three Dimensional (MUSIC 3D) approach at PT Fajar Mas Murni Surabaya using three analysis, namely ABC analysis, SDE analysis, and FSN analysis. The result of ABC analysis show that category A consists of 6 items (3%) which contribute 81% to company income, category B consists of 16 items (8%) which contributes 15% to company income, while category C consists of 190 items (89%) which contribute 4% to company income. The result of SDE analysis shows that category S consists of 127 items (60% of all items), category D consists of 43 items (20% of all items), while category E consist of 42 items (20% of all items). The result of FSN analysis show that category F consists of 15% (7% of all items), category S consists of 41 items (19% of all items) and category N consists of 156 items (74% of all items).
Ordinal Logistic Regression Analysis of Factors Affecting the Length of Student Study
Authors: Febrilia Baiq Rika Ayu , Rahayu Suning , Korida Baiq Dewi
Published: September 2019

The length of time a student completes the study period is a measure of the student's achievement and the success of his study program. Because the duration of the study period is quite influential on the quality of a study program and the learning process in it, it is necessary to do a more in-depth study of the factors that influence the duration of student studies. This study aims to model the factors that influence the length of the study period of students using ordinal logistic regression. These factors are the student's GPA and gender. Data on the length of study, GPA and gender were taken for students of the Mathematics Education Department, IKIP Mataram, who graduated in 2017 and 2018. The results of the study showed that the two factors had a significant effect on the length of the study period.
Neuroprotective Effect, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Potentials of Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) Fruit Extracts
Authors: GEZİCİ Sevgi
Published: September 2019

I

ntroduction: Rhus coriaria L. (sumac) is a traditional edible-plant in the Anatolia. The leaves and fruits of sumac have been

extensively used in folk medicine and alternative therapeutic approaches, because of the presence of many bioactive

phytochemicals. Material and Methods: In this study, we aimed to investigate in vitro neuroprotective, antimicrobial and

antioxidant properties of sumac extracts that were extracted with water, methanol, n-hexane, and dichloromethane. Results

and Discussion: According to research results, almost all the tested extracts of sumac remarkable biological activities in a

time and dose-dependent manner. Among the extracts, aqueous and methanolic extracts were demonstrated the highest

cholinesterase inhibitory activity on both AChE and BChE enzymes, values ranging from 16.16±0.18 to 41.08±0.02% at

200µg/mL concentration. Regarding of MIC assay, all the extracts exhibited more growth-inhibitory effects against gramnegative bacteria strains than gram-positive bacteria strain, and MIC values in range of 3.9-62.5 µg/mL. In terms of DPPH

radical scavenging activity, all the tested extracts demonstrated significant antioxidant capacity, methanol extract of

sumac seemed to possess stronger scavenging activity (56.11±1.08% at 100 µg/mL concentration) than the other extracts.

Conclusion: These findings provide contributions to medicinal uses of sumac in nervous system disorders and microbial

diseases as alternative therapeutic agents, along with traditional uses of sumac.
Plant virus hybrid materials based on tobacco mosaic virus and small organic cross-linkers
Authors: Icik Esra , Eiben Sabine , Schädel Nicole , Kupka Julia , Martini Maike , Wege Christina , Laschat Sabine
Published: September 2019

There is an increasing interest in the application of Michael addition reactions, which makes it possible to obtain simply and highly effective new materials at environmentally friendly conditions. This study employed this method to obtain tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)-based hybrid materials as interesting precursors for different applications. Therefore, the authors investigated the linker-enabled coupling of a cysteine-exposing mutant TMVCys nanorod that displays a thiol group on each of its 2130 protein subunits. These can undergo a thiol-Michael reaction with corresponding functional groups of different linkers to form several types of coupling products. The linkers varied in their central aryl or heteroaryl unit, the spacer length with different amounts of CH2 groups and the respective functional groups such as methacrylamide, acrylamide and maleimide. It could be shown that not only the reactivity of the Michael acceptor plays an important role in product formation but also the linker length and the composition of the core group.
Using seismic exploration to predict geological risk along tunnels and underground spaces
Authors: Dickmann Thomas
Published: September 2019

Dealing with adverse geology during construction of tunnels and underground spaces can lead to significant delays and cost increases if not adequately predicted. As described in this paper, seismic prediction during excavation allows sporadic or continuous prediction of geological uncertainties over 100 m ahead of the excavation face. To improve reliability, seismic exploration should be used at least every 100–120 m during excavation. In addition, seismic reflection data can provide useful information about the mechanical parameters of the surrounding ground.
Alternative method to determine the uniaxial-strain compressibility of cohesive sandstone
Authors: Hol Sander , van der Linden Arjan
Published: September 2019

Compaction and subsidence risk related to hydrocarbon production are frequently assessed using Geertsma models. The underlying theory assumes linear poroelastic reservoir rock to compress by pore pressure depletion under uniaxial-strain conditions. Adequate mechanical testing techniques have been developed to measure the uniaxial-strain compressibility, although the execution of these methods is technically difficult and requires a significant level of experience. In this paper, a simplified technique is proposed to approximate the compressibility from triaxial strain data, which is different from earlier hydrostatic stress/uniaxial-strain conversion approaches. The method is applied to Berea outcrop sandstone and Groningen reservoir material, employing pore pressure depletion protocols under triaxial stress and uniaxial-strain boundary conditions. By interpolation of triaxial stress–strain data and adopting linear poroelastic theory, the uniaxial-strain compressibility required for the application of the Geertsma model is yielded. This does not require a priori information of elastic constants. Moreover, the interpolation technique allows for an independent check of the technical performance of the radial strain control system. The method holds for rocks that are close to linear poroelastic, subjected to stress conditions below the critical state line.
Genomic DNA extraction from diatom P. multistriata v1
Authors: Manfellotto Francesco , Teresa Russo Monia , Annunziata Rossella , Ferrante Mariella
Published: September 2019

Genomic DNA extraction from diatom P. multistriata
The role of visualization in learning a foreign language
Authors: Revina Elena V.
Published: September 2019

In the article, the necessity to introduce visual aids to improve the effectiveness of the learning process is actualized. It is noted that the correct use of visualization is a means of gaining knowledge and makes it easier to remember the material. A number of modern methods of teaching a foreign language are distinguished and a description of possibilities of various visual aids is given in detail. The authors come to the conclusion that it is expedient to use visualization in the educational process, the effectiveness of which is confirmed by the growing cognitive activity of students, the possibility of individualizing the learning process, raising the level of positive motivation of future specialists.
Formation of military position in the valuable system of cadets
Authors: Sysolyatin Maksim V.
Published: September 2019

The article presents a brief theoretical review of existing scientific papers that address the problems of social and professional identity, value orientations, as well as studying the relationship of these psychological concepts in the context of the formation of social identity of an individual.It also presents the results of the conducted empirical research, in particular, a comparative analysis of the significance of values for cadets of higher military educational institutions at various stages of military-professional socialization, the dynamics of the integrated structure of their value orientations in each course are examined, and the dependence of military social identity on terminal and instrumental values. The sample of the study was 255 people, men, the average length of military service for 3.1 years.The cadets' value orientations were revealed using M. Rokich's “Value Orientations” questionnaire, the characteristics of military identity were determined using the average of four scales of military social identity from the identity questionnaire developed by us based on the questionnaire.The correlation and regression analysis, as well as the arithmetic average calculation of the values for each course, made it possible to identify the conformity of the officer’s ideas about the personality with the value orientations that are formed in the process of military-school education, the diachronic nature of the integration of the structure of value orientations at each of the military-professional stages socialization, as well as the formation of the internal value structure of the personality of the cadet as a future commander. The results obtained can be used by personnel agencies to prepare recommendations for the commanders of units on the formation of the value system of subordinates.
Intelligent Multisensor System For Analytical Control Of Sausages
Authors: Kalinichenko A.A. , Arseniyeva L.U.
Published: September 2019

The new technique of intelligent analysis of chemical aroma patterns of boiled sausages obtained by the electronic nose for authentication and microbiological safety assessment is developed. The informativeness of features extracted from steady-state responses of the multisensor system and robustness of chemometric algorithms for solving the objectives of qualitative and quantitative analysis of sausage volatile compounds are investigated. The classification model was built using maximum response values as input vectors of an optimized probabilistic neural network, which allows obtaining a 100 % accuracy of different sample grades identification and detection samples adulterated with soy protein. The method of partial least squares regression and area values as features were used for regression modelling and prediction of QMAFAnM with a relative error less than 12 % for a microbiological safety assessment of previously identified sausages. The use of the robust analytical technique to assess authentication, adulteration, total bacterial count for one measurement using the electronic nose in combination with machine learning algorithms will allow to significantly reduce the measurement time and the cost of analysis, and avoid subjective estimation of the results.
Money over Merit? Socioeconomic Gaps in Receipt of Gifted Services
Authors: GRISSOM JASON A. , REDDING CHRISTOPHER , BLEIBERG JOSHUA F.
Published: September 2019

In this essay, Jason A. Grissom, Christopher Redding, and Joshua F. Bleiberg investigate the receipt of gifted services based on the socioeconomic status (SES) of elementary school students and their families. Using nationally representative longitudinal data, they show that gaps in the receipt of gifted services between the highest and lowest SES students are profound, and these gaps remain substantial even after taking into account students' achievement levels and other background factors and using school fxed effects to explain school sorting. The authors discuss several potential approaches schools and districts can use to ameliorate the apparent disadvantages students from low-SES families experience in processes surrounding receipt of gifted services.