bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengujian Black Box pada Sistem Informasi Praktek Kerja Industri (PRAKERIN) dengan menggunakan Metode Boundary Value Analysis
Authors: Rizaldi Muhammad Indra , Ramadhan Sandi , Majid Mochammad Noor Holik , Yulianti Yulianti
Published: August 2020

Praktek Kerja Industri (PRAKERIN) information system is a system used to record grades and other student data relating to the implementation of work practices in industry. This information system must be error free. If an error occurs can cause losses to stakeholders. To provide assurance that the information system developed has been free from errors, it is necessary to test. Testing is one level of the program implementation process that must be passed in order that an error can be found. Tests that can be said to be good are if the tests were initially found no errors and then errors can be found, even if only a small error. In testing the Praktek Kerja Industri (PRAKERIN) information system it is proposed as a Black Box. Black Box testing has various techniques. Of the many testing methods currently available, the current testing will use the Boundary Value Analysis method. The technique of determining the limits that exist in the lower and upper values to be able to produce the actual value. The test results show that the information system developed has been error free and has good quality.
Pengujian Aplikasi Pemesanan Tiket Kereta berbasis Website Menggunakan Metode Black Box dengan Teknik Equivalence Partitioning
Authors: Trengginaz Riro Bregas , Yusup Ade , Sunyoto Daniel Sovian , Jihad Muhammad Ruhul , Yulianti Yulianti
Published: August 2020

The train ticket booking application is an important application because it involves financial transactions. If something goes wrong can be detrimental to the parties involved. The developer of the train ticket booking application must be able to provide a guarantee that the application has been made according to the requirements and has good quality. To provide a guarantee can be done by testing the application. Testing on a product intends to check if a program has been running as per its capacities or still have blunders that should be adjusted so as to have a decent quality program. A famous testing strategy and broadly utilized by analyzers to investigate the program works out in a good way or not is Black Box Testing and White Box Testing. In this examination, the product that will be surveyed utilizing Black Box Testing is a train ticket booking framework that has two structures: the login structure and the booking type of the train pass to be filled by the administrator. The application will test utilizing Black Box Testing in which the test is just planned to see whether the program is as per the capacity that the program needs without realizing the program code utilized. The sort of testing of the Black Box Testing technique shifts one of which is Equivalence Partitions utilized by the creators in this investigation. Comparability Partitions procedure is a test dependent on entering information on each structure on the framework, each info menu will be tried and assembled by work either legitimate or invalid. Incorrect test results can be found and corrected immediately. So after testing, all requirements have been met and can be guaranteed that the train ticket booking application that has been made is error free and meets all the requirements specified.
Recomendaciones para la implementación de soporte respiratorio pediátrico en COVID-19. Kinesiología Intensiva y Terapia Respiratoria Pediátrica de Chile
Authors: Martínez Fuenzalida Santiago , Maturana Arenas Danny , Riquelme Muñoz Hugo , Bustos Gajardo Fernando , Cortés Molina Pablo , Godoy Salinas Sebastián , Pettinelli Díaz Gonzalo , Wegner Araya Adriana
Published: August 2020

De acuerdo a la información disponible, los pacientes pediátricos con COVID-19 tendrían una menor frecuencia, se presentarían en su mayoría con un cuadro clínico de leve a moderado, y con una baja tasa de morbimortalidad asociada5 . Sin embargo, es incierto el comportamiento real que tendrá el SARS-CoV-2 en Chile, así como tampoco sabemos el impacto que tendrá su interacción con otros virus respiratorios en el desenlace clínico. Asumiendo que los pacientes pediátricos que requieran hospitalización por sospecha o confirmación de COVID-19 necesitarán de diferentes niveles de soporte respiratorio, hemos elaborado recomendaciones transversales fundamentadas en el óptimo manejo del apoyo respiratorio pediátrico, basados en los principios de calidad y eficiencia en la entrega del soporte, en parámetros de bioseguridad y en el uso apropiado de recursos6 . Estos elementos que se encuentran relacionados al armado y filtrado de los aerosoles producidos por algunos equipos de soporte ventilatorio, son recomendados en esta guía con el fin de unificar criterios técnicos que permitan entregar un apoyo óptimo al paciente pediátrico, manteniendo la mayor bioseguridad posible para el paciente y el equipo de salud.
Orientaciones Deporte y COVID-19: Recomendaciones sobre el retorno a la actividad física y deportes de niños niñas y adolescentes
Authors: Kalazich Rosales Cesar , Valderrama Erazo Paulo , Flandez Valderrama Jorge , Burboa Gonzalez Jair , Humeres Terneus Daniel , Urbina Stagno Raúl , Jesam Sarquis Francisca , Serrano Reyes Andres , Verdugo Miranda Francisco , Smith Plaza Raul , Valenzuela Contreras Luis
Published: August 2020

La pandemia por COVID-19, originada en diciembre de 2019 en Wuhan, China, obligó a los países, incluido Chile, a un confinamiento masivo para evitar la propagación de SARS-CoV2. Desde marzo de 2020 en Chile, también se afectó la realización de actividad física y deporte en los niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA). En un esfuerzo por reunir la escasa evidencia disponible sobre el retorno a la práctica de ejercicio en NNA post pandemia COVID-19 y la opinión de expertos de 4 sociedades científicas y académicas (Sociedad Chilena de Medicina del Deporte, Sociedad Chilena de Pediatría, Sociedad Chilena de Kinesiología Deportiva y la Consejo Académico Nacional de Educación Física) se han generado recomendaciones para un retorno seguro a la actividad para el ramo Educación Física y Salud, deporte escolar y federado tanto para disminuir los riesgos asociados a los efectos del confinamiento como para evitar la propagación de COVID-19. Adicionalmente, se incluyen una guía de recomendación para padres y profesores y otra para médicos sobre la vigilancia y evaluación de los pacientes NNA que sostendrán enfermedad COVID-19 y deseen volver al deporte y ejercicio.
Herba Reudeuep With Modification of Heating In Virgin Cocanut Oil
Authors: Wahyuzan Wahyuzan , Hakim Lukmanul , Afrizal Rahmat , Lamona Asmeri , Khairuni Khairuni , Fitriyana Liya
Published: August 2020

Traditional medicine in Indonesia has been known by the public before formal health services using modern medicine. Indonesia has many type of herbal plants which have medicinal properties including dadap (Erythrina orientalis). This study aims to utilized dadap herbal liniment by modifying heating in Vigin Cocanut Oil. The study conducted in the laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing using a Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The first factor is the addition of 250 ml (M1), 375 ml (m2), and 400 ml (M3) Virgin Cocanut Oil treatment. The second factor is the heating tim of 5 minutes (L1), 10 minutes (L2), and 15 minutes (L3). Observation variable consisted of yield, Specific gravity, and organoleptic test of aroma and colored. The result showed an average yield of 87.70-91.88%. The highest yield was found in the treatment of adding 400 ml Virgin Cocanut Oil and 15 minutes of heating time. The highest type of weight was found in the treatment of addition of 325 ml Virgin Cocanut Oil and 5 minutes heating time. Based on the organoleptic scent test, the everage penalist gives a like answer. Organoleptic colors of reudeuep herbal products is according to SNI number 06-23-2006.
HUBUNGAN PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN BISNIS DAN PARIWISATA TERPADU DI KOTA MAKASSAR TERHADAP KAWASAN PESISIR KECAMATAN GALESONG UTARA KABUPATEN TAKALAR
Authors: Fuady Khairul , Surur Fadhil
Published: August 2020

Integrated business and tourism development in Makassar was an effort to utilize the potentials of the region in supporting the development activities. One of the areas that identified as having influence activities from the business and tourism area in Makassar City was North Galesong District.  The area was located in the north and was approximately 27 kilometers from the capital of Takalar Regency. North Galesong District was one of the connecting routes to Akkarena Beach which was an alternative route for people from and headed to Makassar City. This study was aim to determine the relationship between the development of integrated business and tourism area in Makassar City and the coastal area in North Galesong District. Correlation analysis test was used to determine the effect of the development program. The pond, the number of fisherman, trade services and facilities, as well as road infrastructure were used as  parameter. This study showed that the relationship between trade facilities and services and road infrastructure gave a positive contribution. The development of trade service activities and the increase in the length of roads were closely linked to the development of integrated business and tourism areas in Makassar City.
PERENCANAAN PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN WISATA BANYUURIP DESA JATIMULYO, KECAMATAN DLINGGO, KABUPATEN BANTUL
Authors: Widyaningsih Eka
Published: August 2020

Two objectives of this study are the development of tourism potentials and the environmental conservation in Banyuurip tourism area, Jatimulyo Village, Dlinggo District, Bantul Regency, Special region of Yogyakarta. Our goal is to improve the physical quality of the site for competitive capacity. The issue concerning comprehensive spatial planning, tourist attractions, and optimization of human resources should be address more seriously. The spatial planning development concept applies in Banyuurip area should covered 4 planning approaches (4A) : Attraction, Accessibility, Amenity, and Ancillary.
PERENCANAAN GAPURA DI KAWASAN MCK TERPADU JL. TIRTARONA RT 03, RW 07, KELURAHAN TLOGOMAS, KECAMATAN LOWOKWARU, KOTA MALANG
Authors: Hidayati Agustina Nurul , Reza Mohammad , Qonita Fardiah , Murtado M. Dafa , B Andhyka Putra , Pangintan Utas Satrio , Evan Evan
Published: August 2020

The gate as an identity in an area can be a center for depicting partnerships between the Tirtarona Foundation as a tour manager caring for changes in the Integrated Sanitation area with the National Institute of Technology Malang as a university in the field of technology that can enable to introduce the seriousness of the National Institute of Technology in developing technology in seeking the vision of the National Institute of Technology Malang to the community. For this reason, in the community service program we hope to provide a choice of the concept of the gate that will be built in the Integrated Sanitation Area.
PENENTUAN ZONASI DAERAH RAWAN BENCANA LONGSOR STUDI KASUS DI KECAMATAN TUMPANG, KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Reza Mohammad , Kusumo Ghestiar Kharisma , Sari Mita Nur Bulan , Rahmah Alisya Fahza Nur , Putri Tasya Almira Syah , Natalino Yohanes Kurnia , Ilham Muhammad
Published: August 2020

Tumpang Subdistrict is one of the sub-districts in Malang Regency which has many steep slopes especially in the east of Tumpang Subdistrict, this area has a high potential for natural disasters, one of which disasters is landslides, so it needs to be repaired. Landslides by tracing the areas that caused landslides in order to minimize losses caused. The purpose of this study is to know the cause and distribution areas which has high potential of landslides. This research method is scoring and weighting, and overlapping with physical digital basic map Tumpang to get areas that use landslides, which are processed using ArcGis 10.2 software. The results of this study are Landslide Prone Maps which are maps that describe areas with the level of landslide vulnerability assessment in the study area. With this result, then it becomes a reference in landslide disaster mitigation to assist the government in diverting landslide disasters in the area
Philosophy of Education and Its Significance
Authors: Supriyanto Supriyanto
Published: August 2020

Education is a very important capital of life in the lives of humanity. However, education sometimes cannot develop sustainably without being approached with a philosophical approach. Education requires philosophy to open its perspective in order to be able to respond to various actual problems that always arise in the world of education. The nature of education is a process of learning and searching, as well as the development of knowledge that has no finishing point. In this frame of meaning, true education is an intellectual, emotional, as well as spiritual ascent all towards new peaks. And one of the keys that is able to uncover that awareness is philosophy. Therefore, this paper will try to explore the understanding and meaning of educational philosophy, the significance of philosophy on education, educational goals, and concludes with a conclusion.
Perilaku Manusia Berkonsumsi dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Islam
Authors: Ilyas Rahmat
Published: August 2020

The Qur'an describes humans as biological, psychological and social beings. All three dimensions must be integrally integrated within human beings. No one can dominate the other. Like, his tendency as a biological creature is more prominent than his psychological dimension. The human dimensions depicted in the Qur'an also show that humans have diverse needs. As a biological creature, man needs things that can be healthy and protect his body. As human psychological beings need things that can nourish their intellectual and spiritual growth. As social beings humans need to socialize with other creatures.
Perencanaan dan Pengelolaan Pesantren Darul Abror Melalui Pengembangan Kurikulum PAI
Authors: Ramami Dwi Saprida , Suparta Suparta , Rifa'i Andi Arif
Published: August 2020

This study reports on the planning and management of Islamic Boarding School  Daarul Abror in developing curriculum of Islamic Education Subject. This study attempts to address the following question; (1) How is the administration management at Islamic Boarding School DaarulAbror?  (2) How are the development and implementation Islamic Education Subject at Islamic Boarding School DaarulAbror? It is conducted at Islamic Boarding School Daarul Abror Bangka, Bangka Belitung Islands Province. The data for the study are obtained through two instruments; The interview and observation.The interview is conducted to obtain the clarification and expanation from the boarding school. The observation is done during the interaction in the teaching learning process to observe the activities done in the school. The subject of this study is the vice-head master of the school  who has been a teacher as well as curriculum developer in the Islamic Boarding School. The finding reveal that, (1) the administration management at Islamic Boarding School Daarul Abror is conducted based on the educational institutions of the Ministri of Religious Affair and the Ministri of Education and Culture Republic Indonesia. (2) the development of and the implementation of Islamic Education subjetcs is by applying education in a classroom as well as out of classroom refering to the achievement life skill and the Islamic character building in dayly life. Based on the finding it is recommended that the stakeholders of the Islamic Boarding School should keep managing their institution to develope and applying nowdays educational system.
Adab kepada Guru dan Orang Tua: Studi Pemahaman Siswa pada Materi Akhlak
Authors: Sari Leni Elpita , Rahman Abdul , Baryanto Baryanto
Published: August 2020

A good moral character is a keyword for the success of educational processes. Everyone will never be able to control themselves if only relying on the knowledge they have without being espoused by a noble moral character. Hence, each teacher who establishes interactions with students is given a big responsibility to guide his/her students’ moral character. Seeing that responsibility, the current study aimed at finding out the depiction of the teacher’s efforts to give understanding to students in a public school, MTS No. 2 Kepahiang, as regards good manners to parents and teachers, using a qualitative approach with the primary informant, namely the Akidah Akhlak teacher in that school. This study concluded that the teacher handling Akidah Akhlak lesson had made good efforts and been adequately helpful in giving understanding to students about good manners to parents and teachers. This entity was seen from students’ behavior in doing their activities both at school and afterschool although based on the evaluation results, it was not a hundred percent of students who had been able to apply their understanding of the importance of good manners to parents and teachers.

Akhlak yang baik adalah kata kunci keberhasilan proses pendidikan. Setiap orang tidak akan mampu mengendalikan dirinya jika hanya bersandar pada pengetahuan yang dimilikinya kecuali dibarengi dengan akhlak mulia. Dengan demikian setiap guru yang melakukan interaksi dengan murid diberikan tanggungjawab yang besar untuk membina akhlak anak didiknya. Melihat besarnya tanggungjawab itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan gambaran tentang upaya guru dalam memberikan pemahaman kepada siswa di MTs. Negeri 02 Kepahiang tentang adab baik kepada orang tua maupun guru, melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan informan utama yaitu guru Akidah Akhlak di sekolah tersebut. Peneltian ini memperoleh simpulan bahwa guru pelajaran akidah akhlak sudah berusaha dan cukup membantu dalam memberikan pemahaman kepada siswa dalam hal adab kepada orang tua dan guru, hal ini terlihat dari perilaku peserta didik dalam menjalani aktivitas di sekolah maupun di luar sekolah meskipun dari hasil evaluasi belum sepenuhnya siswa mampu menerapkan pemahaman mereka tentang pentingnya adab baik kepada orang tua maupun guru.
The Campaign Strategy of 2019 Presidential and Vice-Presidential Elections on Social Media
Authors: Ulfa Khalida , Purnomo Eko Priyo , Kasiwi Aulia Nur
Published: August 2020

Social media has changed the ways of the political campaign to win their candidates. The media has been prepared for disseminating vision and mission of political candidates since social media has been a promising strategy campaign. This study aims to analyze the campaign strategy of the 2019 Presidential and Vice-Presidential elections on Social Media. The method used was descriptive qualitative. The Data sources were obtained through the winning team accounts of Jokowi and Prabowo on Twitter. Data analysis techniques used Nvivo 12 plus through the crosstab feature. The results of the study found that the two winning team accounts on Twitter @BK52bersamaJKW and @PrabowoSandi_ID were very enthusiastic during the campaign. However, in the consistency level of Twitter account @BK52bersama JKW from February to April was not stable during the campaign process. Meanwhile, the Twitter account @PrabowoSandi_ID Twitter from November to December was inactive and it increased in January. Between the two winning teams; the Prabowo team was more enthusiastic in disseminating the candidate by using the hashtag where the percentage level is higher than the winning team of Jokowi.
Constance Gunderson, Human Trafficking: The Trafficking of Women in Northern Germany for the Purpose of Sexual Exploitation. Systematic Overview of Community Based Responses and Challenges (Bremen: Lit Verlag, 2012)
Authors: Meckl Markus
Published: August 2020

Gunderson examines in her PhD dissertation the challenges that social service providers in Northern Germany have been facing while dealing with human trafficking.
Jonathan Schlefer, The Assumptions Economists Make (Cambridge, Mass., and London: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2012)
Authors: Winchester Stuart
Published: August 2020

As we approach the sixth year of grave financial and economic uncertainty, capitalism keeps calm and carries on. The ideology’s most influential temples and high priests (the central banks, ratings agencies, regulators, media and universities, the traders, bankers, politicians, journalists and academics) neither prophesied nor avoided the 2007-08 economic crisis.[1] Nevertheless, they continue preaching the same creed and using the same economic models to drive ‘post-crisis’ policies.[2] It seems the believers have not questioned their beliefs, at any fundamental level.
C. Raudvere & J.P. Schjödt (eds.), More Than Mythology – Narratives, Ritual Practices and Regional Distribution in Pre-Christian Scandinavian Religions (Lund: Nordic Academic Press, 2012)
Authors: Mustonen Tero
Published: August 2020

What kind of evidence is needed to propose convincing interpretations?
Hematological profile of pig blood for feeding cellulose amylolytic additive
Authors: Novakovska V.
Published: August 2020

The level of provision of animals with basic nutrients, feeding conditions, physiological condition, age, sex was assessed according to blood parameters. Researched the content of total blood protein, albumin, globulins, glucose, calcium, phosphorus, hemoglobin, erythrocyte count and hematocrit, also calculated blood indices using a set of hematological techniques. The aim was to clarify the biochemical and morphological parameters of the blood of pigs for fattening, by adding additives to the diet. The eff ect of feeding cellulose amylolytic enzyme additive on the productive qualities of pigs for fattening was studied. The cellulose amylolytic additive comprises 0.5% of the enzyme cellulase, 1 gram of which provides 2700 units of activity, and 0.1% of the enzyme α-amylase, 1 gram of which provides 9342 units of activity, with an activity ratio of 1: 4, respectively. Studies in pigs were performed in two stages: the equalization period (15 days) and the main (71 days). Grain fodder grown directly on the farm - barley, wheat, soybeans - was used for feeding pigs. The diet of the control group consisted of 63% barley grain, 27.5% wheat grain, 9% soybean meal 0.5% mineral supplement. Pigs of the experimental group were fed cellulose amylolytic feed additive at the rate of 5 g of cellulase and 1 g of amylase per 1 kg of feed. The use of the above additive in the diets of pigs was observed to increase the immunity of animals due to an increase in gamma globulin in blood proteins by 9%. The increase in the amount of hemoglobin by 8% and erythrocytes by 14% during fattening, due to improved housing conditions and external antigenic stimulation of physiological processes. Decisions on the appropriateness of the inclusion of cellulose amylolytic additive in the diet are made on the basis of production tests of the proposed drug, which increased the average daily gain of live weight by 19.7% during the period of fattening pigs.
Key words: pigs, blood, erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocytes, thrombocytes, albumins, globulins.
The cytogenetic influence of physical water indicators on the number of micronuclears in cells of predatory fish species
Authors: Vodianitskyi O. , Hrynevych N. , Khomiak O. , Prysiazhniuk N.
Published: August 2020

During the monitoring of cytological parameters of embryos and fi sh larvae under changing environmental conditions, it was found that the body adapts to the environmental temperature conditions at the cellular level. Threshold temperature is the limit of the resistance of body cells to the action of extreme ambient temperatures. Since this ability is diff erent for diff erent species, their temperature threshold is not the same. It is proved that for each fi sh species there is a certain temperature amplitude, within which their embryonic development is possible. The rate of passage of embryogenesis depends on temperature. Deviation from the optimal temperature and its approach to the “threshold” causes disturbances in the embryogenesis of fi sh, leads to the death of embryos or to the appearance of anomalies in their development. Under the infl uence of a threshold temperature on fertilized eggs, polyploidy of cells is possible. Genetic changes in somatic cells is an integral indicator of homeostasis disturbance. They characterize the pr esence of environmental mutagens and the eff ectiveness of the body's immune response. Normally, most genetic disorders are eliminated. The presence of such disorders is an indicator of stress, which leads to the appearance of abnormal cells and a decrease in the body's immune status. Such abnormalities can be detected at the chromosomal level. It has been proved that critical periods in the embryonic development of fi sh are manifested at the stages of crushing of morula cells and gastrulation in embryos during organogenesis. However, the presence of sensitive periods is not always associated with diff erentiation processes, for example, the onset of cell crushing, the period of embryo exit from the membranes. Key words: predatory fi sh species, temperature regime, metabolism, micronuclear test, embryonic cell, nucleoli, stress factors, abiotic effect.
The optimization of the recipe storage of frozen pancakes with minced meat
Authors: Dzyundzya O. , Merna I. , Trubuh Yu.
Published: August 2020

The purpose of the article is to optimize the formulation of frozen pancake with minced meat of extra biological value. Based on the monitoring of the foodmarket, it was concluded that the range of frozen pancakes with minced meatisone of the most popular. The analysis of modern researches in this direction is carried out.It is also established the necessity for developmentof new resource-saving technologies of frozen uncooked food of highbiological value. The subject of the research is technology, semi-fi nished pancakes, minced meat, Jerusalem artichoke and eggplant food powders. It has been identifi ed the upcoming food supplements. A recipe for a semi-fi nished pancake has been developed. When working out the technological solutions for the production of coat for pancakes with Jerusalem artichoke powder, the dosage of powder varied from 1 to 5% in increments of 1%. For minced meat, the replacement of raw meat with reconstituted eggplant powder was from 2 % to 20% in increments of 4% . Based on the analysis of organoleptic quality indicators of the semi-fi nished pancake (shell), the rational dosage of Jerusalem artichoke powder, equal to 2%, was fi nally established. Based on the results of the research, a rational amount of reconstituted eggplant powder was established, that is 10% of the total weight of semi-fi nished products. We can see the quoted results of research with organoleptic, microbiological indicators of quality. It was found that the chemical composition of the developed pancakes with the addition of Jerusalem artichoke powder (shell) and eggplant (minced meat) have a more balanced composition in terms of nutrients and essential substances. It is investigated that according to microbiological indicators the developed pancake semi-fi nished product is safe. The results of the experiments prove that the chosen eggplant and Jerusalem artichoke powders, as well as other vegetable powders are eff ective products of functional nutrition. Therefore, these products can be off ered for mass use in the production of fl our products, namely pancakes.
Key words: pancake semi-fi nished product, food powder, eggplant, Jerusalem artichoke, minced meat, pancakes.
PEROXIDATION PROCESSES IN THE RABBIT ORGANISM DURING POSTNATAL ONTOGENESIS
Authors: Rol N.V. , Tsekhmistrenko S.I. , Vovkogon A.G. , Polishchuk V.M. , Polishchuk S.A. , Ponomarenko N.V. , Fedorchenko M.M.
Published: August 2020

One of the pressing problems of modern biochemistry is the problem of adaptation of animal organism to the environment and the formation of an adaptive reaction to the negative impact of production stress factors. Among such adaptive mechanisms for rabbits in the conditions of intensive rabbit meat management is the development of oxidative stress, which causes the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the body and the development of reactive oxygen pathology. An important role in the mechanism of adaptation of the body belongs to lipids, because they are a structural component of cell membranes and act as energy and signal systems in cells. Peroxide oxidation of lipids is a compensatory reaction that ensures the functioning of the organism for changes in the environment. The content of total lipids and peroxide oxidation products of lipids, as well as the activity of enzymes of the antioxidant defense system in rabbits from birth to 90 days of age was investigated. It has been established that the content of total lipids in brain tissues increases throughout the period of postnatal ontogenesis due to the peculiarities of the functional and metabolic activity of brain cells. The content of common lipids is closely related to the processes of lipid peroxide oxidation and the activity of enzymes of antioxidant defense. The growth in concentration of peroxide oxidation products is accompanied by a decrease in the content of total lipids in the rabbit tissues. Reduced content of TBARSproducts in rabbit brain tissue from birth to 90-day age was noted. A moderate (r = 0.66) correlation between the content of lipid conjugated dienes and lipid hydroperoxides, as well as the strong correlation (r = -0.77) between the contents of lipid conjugated dienes and TBARS-products has been established. In the heart of rabbits a reversible moderate (r = -0.62) correlation between the content of lipid conjugated dienes and lipid hydroperoxides has been revealed.
Key words: rabbits, development, lipid peroxidation, brain, heart, longest muscle of the back.
The dependence of the productive qualities of pigs on the ventilation system of the premises during the suckling period of their cultivation
Authors: Zhyzhka S. , Povod M.
Published: August 2020

The dependence of the growth rate, the safety of young pigs in growing and fattening and their feeding qualities on the ventilation system of negative and uniform pressure in the suckling period of their cultivation was studied. We have found that the growth rate of piglets, and their payment of feed by growth during rearing, did not depend on the design features of the room ventilation system during suckling period. We have established some better preservation of piglets in growing with an unchanged ventilation system in the suckling and growing periods. It was revealed the tendency to insignificantly improve of the growth rate and feed payment by growths in piglets, which were grown during ventilation with uniform pressure in the suckling period. It was found that pigs that were raised during the suckling period with a uniform pressure ventilation system reached a mass of 100 kg at the age of 158.4 days, while their counterparts that were raised at that time with a negative pressure ventilation system reached the age of 159.8, that is later on 1, 4 days, or 0.88%. It wasn’t found a significant dependence of the feeding qualities of pigs on the ventilation system of the premises during the suckling period of their cultivation. There was a tendency to a slight improvement in the safety index by 1.9% in animals that were kept in the suckling period with a uniform pressure ventilation system, compared with analogues that were raised during this period with negative pressure ventilation. According to the calculation of the index of feeding qualities according to the formula M.D. Berezovsky, a comprehensive indicator of feeding qualities in animals that were raised during the suction period with uniform pressure ventilation was 21.4% higher compared to peers that were kept during negative pressure ventilation. In general, the growth rate of pigs during rearing and fattening, their safety during these periods and fattening qualities did not significantly depend on the ventilation system of the premises during the suction period of their rearing.
Key words: ventilation, microclimate, sow, pig, multiplicity, growth, safety.
The reproductive qualities of sows of irish breeding depending on the length of the suckling period and the season of the year in the conditions of an industrial complex
Authors: Shvachka R. , Povod M.
Published: August 2020

In this research the influence of the season of the year and reduction of the weaning time of piglets on the reproductive qualities of sows were compared. It was established that the sows of the control group were distinguished by the best largefruited sowing, with the excess of the experimental one by 1.45–5.76%. A high percentage of piglets’livability was found in the sows of the experimental group (0.6–3.59%) compared with the control. The highest value of this indicator is observed in winter (92,62%), and the lowest – in spring (89,16%). The best indicator of multiplicity was observed in animals with a shortened feeding period during the winter and summer season with an excess of sows of the control group by 0.50-4.14%. The largest number of piglets of the experimental group is observed in the spring season (14.35 heads), and the smallest – in the autumn (13.11 heads). In the winter and spring seasons in the experimental group of animals the number of piglets at birth was higher by 0.21-2.84%, and in the summer and autumn time the sows of the control group were dominated by animals with shortened suckling period by 0.54-5.34 %. There is a well-marked trend towards a decrease in the number of piglets weaned during the winter and autumn period in the animals of the control and experimental groups. The largest number of piglets was weaned in winter (12.66 heads) and the smallest in autumn (11.86 heads) in the experimental group. It was established the probable influence of the season of the year on multiplicity (1.77%), preservation (6.20%) and number of piglets at weaning (3.33%). The influence of the suckling period factor was found to be significant for indicators of multiplicity (0.68%), safety (3.04%), and number of piglets at weaning (2.4%). The interaction of the factors of the suckling period and the season on the multiplicity was 3.29%, the preservation – 0.13% and the number of pigs in weaning – 1.42%. According to a comprehensive assessment of the reproductive qualities of the sows of the control group were better during the spring and summer season (46,68-47,56 points), the animals of the control group received more points in winter and autumn.
Key words: sow, weaning, piglets, suckling period, daily gain, multiplicity, preservation.
MENINGKATKAN SAINS PERMULAAN UNTUK ANAK USIA DINI DENGAN PEMANFAATAN MEDIA HERBARIUM
Authors: Imran Ranny Fitria , Partikasari Rika , Jahniar Iit Sektian
Published: August 2020

This research was conducted in RA Babul Jannah Bengkulu City. This study conducted a qualitative descriptive study. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation. The purpose of this study is to develop science for early childhood by using herbarium media at 5-6 years old in RA Babul Jannah Bengkulu City. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that early childhood science through herbarium media in RA Babul Jannah Bengkulu City increased, with categories starting to develop (MB) there were 3 children with a percentage rate of 25%, the category developed according to expectations (BSH) there were 3 children with a percentage rate of 25%, including the category of developing very well (BSB) there are 9 children with a percentage rate of 50%.
Incidence of Natal Teeth in Sarlahi District of Nepal
Authors: Agrawal Nitin Kumar , Khatry Subarna K , LeClerq Steven C , Katz Joanne , Mullany Luke C
Published: August 2020

Background: The presence of natal or neonatal teeth, which have been associated with environmental factors and hereditary syndromes, can have an impact on the psychosocial growth of children. Methods: We aimed to estimate the incidence of natal tooth in Sarlahi district of Nepal.Live births from Sarlahi district in Nepal were assessed for natal teeth and other related factors.Results: Among 28,695 live births between 2010 and 2017, we observed 7 cases of natal teeth accounting for an incidence rate of 2.44 per 10,000 (95% CI: 0.98 – 5.03). Out of 7 neonates with natal tooth, 4 were female and 3 were low birth weight (<2500 grams). None were preterm or had any associated cleft lip or palate.Conclusions: Incidence of natal tooth in Nepal is rare.It is important for health care providers to know about the possibility of occurrence of natal tooth and its management.Keywords: Incidence of natal tooth; natal tooth; neonatal tooth; Nepal.
Comparison of Ultrasonic Device Versus Bipolar Diathermy Tonsillectomy in Children
Authors: Sah Mukesh Kumar , Neupane Yogesh , Guragain Rajendra Prasad
Published: August 2020

Background: Intraoperative bleeding and postoperative pain are two commonest concerns for both patient and surgeon in tonsillectomy. This study was aimed to compare intraoperative blood loss and early postoperative pain between ultrasonic device and bipolar diathermy tonsillectomy in children.Methods: Prospective, interventional, single blinded, comparative study was carried out from September 2016 to September 2017 including children up to age 15 years who underwent tonsillectomy either by bipolar diathermy or ultrasonic device. Intraoperative blood loss was recorded using standard sized gauge technique. Post-tonsillectomy pain on first five postoperative days (early postoperative pain) was assessed using Visual analog scale for children older than 5 years and FLACC score for children up to 5 years respectively.Means were compared.Results: 38 children (76 tonsils) were included in the study out of which 31 were boys (62 tonsils) and 7 were girls (14 tonsils). The mean intraoperative blood loss in ultrasonic dissection group was 13.94 ml and 13.91 ml in bipolar diathermy group. This difference was not statistically significant (p=0.974). Post-operative pain on 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th days were significantly less (p<0.05) in ultrasonic device group compared to bipolar diathermy group. Post-operative pain was less also on 5th post-operative day in ultrasonic device but was not statistically significant (p=0.172).Conclusions: Tonsillectomy in children using ultrasonic device did not differ from bipolar diathermy tonsillectomy in respect to intraoperative blood loss. However, early postoperative pain was significantly lower in ultrasonic device group.Keywords: Bipolar diathermy; tonsillectomy; ultrasonic device.
Prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection among Tuberculosis Patients in Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Nilaramba , Bhattarai Ratna , Basnet Rajendra , Tinkari Bhim Singh , Gyawali Badri Nath , Joshi Lok Raj
Published: August 2020

Background: National Tuberculosis Program has envisioned to provide human immunodeficiency virus testing for all tuberculosis patients. However, human immunodeficiency virus testing coverage among notified tuberculosis patients is very low in Nepal. Hence, it is difficult to reflect the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection among Tuberculosis patients based on the information available from the routine system. Hence National Tuberculosis Program carried out sentinel surveillance to assess the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection among tuberculosis patients and its associated factors in Nepal.Methods: This study is cross-sectional study type conducted at six sentinel sites across the country. This study lasted for six months starting from March 2017 to August 2017. The sample size was calculated using Epiinfo STATCAL application assuming confidence interval at 95%, 85% power and 5% non-response rate. The required sample size was 1672 tuberculosis patients. Ethical approval was obtained from Nepal Health Research Council. All types of tuberculosis patients who were equal or above 15 years were included in the study. Human immunodeficiency viruse testing was performed among tuberculosis patients as per the testing algorithm recommended by national guideline.Results: The study was carried out among 1664 tuberculosis patients registered for tuberculosis treatment during the study period. More than two thirds of tuberculosis patients (67%) were male. The median age of tuberculosis patients was found 32 years. During human immunodeficiency virus testing, 41 out of 1664 tuberculosis patients were found human immunodeficiency virus positive resulting human immunodeficiency virus infection seroprevalence among tuberculosis patients to 2.5%. Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection was significantly associated with age (P=0.002), caste/ethnicity (P=0.025), religion (P=0.015) and occupation (P=0.014) of tuberculosis patients.Conclusions: Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection among tuberculosis patients was found 2.5%. Information and access to tuberculosis/human immunodeficiency virus services needs to be increased toaddress tuberculosis-human immunodeficiency virus co-infection in Nepal.Keywords: HIV; prevalence; TB; TB-HIV coinfection.
Menopause Rating Scale: Validation and Applicability in Nepalese Women
Authors: Baral Gehanath
Published: August 2020

Background: Menopausal Rating Scale is one of the globally used tools to assess quality of life in menopause and peri-menopause. The aim of this study is to validate the standard menopausal rating scale in Nepalese menopausal women and to test menopausal symptoms during clinical consultation at hospital.Methods: Cross sectional validation study at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital, Thapathali, Kathmandu. Five-step language translation of menopausal rating scale from English to Nepali, questionnaire clarity assessment with gynecologists and Likert scale questionnaire based interview to the clients. Reliability and validity tests applied. Each component of rating scale analyzed.Results: Nepali version of menopausal rating scale developed. Acceptable level (Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.77) of tools reliability obtained. Barlett’s test of sphericity was highly significant and Pearson correlation between variables was significant. Average age of menarche was 15 years, and mean and modal value of menopause was 48 and 50 years respectively. First menopausal symptom was vasomotor flush in 62%, one-forth didn’t experience flush, half experienced mild to moderate flush and rest one-fourth had severe to very severe form; 50% had significant sleep, bladder and sexual dysfunction. Three-fourth had vaginal dryness and musculoskeletal problem. One-half had some degree of mental dysfunction.Conclusions: Nepali version of menopausal rating scale developed. Baseline menopausal parameters obtained.Keywords: Applicability; menopause; rating scale; validation.
Prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern
Authors: Pokharel Khilasa , Dawadi Bishwa Raj , Bhatt Chandra Prakash , Gupte Satish
Published: August 2020

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen which causes most of the chronic infection in humans. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that is isolated from various clinical specimens along with its antibiotic susceptibility pattern.Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital (KMCTH) from February to May 2018. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from various clinical specimens were processed in clinical laboratory, Department of Microbiology, KMCTH. Isolation, identification and sensitivity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to antibiotics were measured.Results: A total of 7527 samples were been processed of which 46 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were obtained. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated mainly from Pus, Wound swab, Sputum and Tracheal aspirate. Here 63.04% Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were resistant to Ceftazidime, 65.21% to Cefixime, 56.52% to Ceftriaxone and Cefotaxime followed by 56.52% to Piperacillin. Furthermore, the current study reveals antibiotics like Imipenem, Meropenem, Piperacillin/Tazobactam, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, Amikacin and Tobramycin were found to be good choice for the treatment of infection caused by this organism.Conclusions: Continuous monitoring of antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is essential and rational treatment regimens prescription by the clinicians is required to limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance.Keywords: Antibiotic resistance; clinical isolates; Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Analisis Pemahaman Pajak dan Keadilan Pajak Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Usaha Mikro dan Kecil di Kota Palembang
Authors: Amalia Rizki Fitri
Published: August 2020

This study aims to determine whether the variable tax fairness and understanding of taxes can affect the taxpayer compliance of Micro and Small Enterprises in the city of Palembang. The theory used in this research is attribution theory. The population in this study were all Micro and Small Enterprises in the city of Palembang. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. The data analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis used to determine the effect of tax fairness variables and understanding of taxes on tax compliance of Micro and Small Businesses in Palembang. The results obtained indicate that the tax fairness variable does not affect the taxpayer compliance of Micro and Small Enterprises in fulfilling the obligations of their tax, while understanding of taxes affects the taxpayer compliance of Micro and Small Enterprises in fulfilling the obligations of their tax
Pengujian Gaya Kepemimpinan Organisasi
Authors: Rachmayuniawati Yuyun , Mulyeni Sri
Published: August 2020

This research tries to test leadership style in organizations. The research directed to evaluate the sentences stated by the leaders which signify their leadership style. In this study we propose three types of leadership: transformational (), pseudo-transformational (), and laissez-faire leadership (). Then we examine what factors that make a leader transformational leader, pseudo-transformational, and or laissez-faire leader. We pose three variables as independent variables: satisfaction (),  trust (), and respect (). Based on the result, in case of transformational leadership we find that only satisfaction that influences positive significant on leadership style. In case of laissez-faire leadership, only trust which can influence positive significant on leadership style. Meanwhile in the pseudo-transformational case, we do not find any variable that influences on leadership style. This finding confirms factor of followers that make leaders a leader: environment and circumtances.