bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penggunaan Metode Integratif dalam Pembelajaran Kemampuan Membaca Bahasa Jerman
Authors: Reski Nur , Usman Misnawaty
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to obtain data and information regarding the effectiveness of using integrative method in learning to read and understand German for class XI students of SMA Negeri 11 Makassar. This type of research was Pre-Experimental Design (one group pre-test post-test design). The population of this research was the students of class XI SMA Negeri 11 Makassar which consists of 3 classes. The sample was 1 class, namely class XI IPS 3 which consistsed of 34 students. The sample of this study was selected using purposive sampling. Data were analyzed by t-test. The results of data analysis showed that the value of tcount 54.41 ttable 1,998 at a significant level of 0.05. The results of this study indicate that the use of integrative method in learning to read and understand German in Class XI SMAN 11 Makassar was very effective.Keywords: Effectiveness, Integrative Method, Reading Understand
Kemampuan Menyimak melalui Film “ Nicos Weg A1” dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Jerman
Authors: Januarti Hilda Purnama , Rijal Syamsu
Published: May 2024

Abstract. This study aims to determine the improvement in listening comprehension of X SMA Negeri 2 students through film media. The type of research used is Classroom Action Research's Kemmis and Me Taggart models. The subjects in this study were Class X MIPA 5 students, a total of 36 people. This research was conducted in two cycles, namely Cycle I and Cycle II, and each cycle consisted of four phases, namely planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The students' grades resulted in an average score of 70.4. in the first cycle and increased in the second cycle with an average value of 87.4. The results of this study show that the use of German film media can improve the listening comprehension of the students as well as the positive attitude and activity of the class X students MIPA 5 SMA Negeri 2 Makassar.Keywords: Improvement, German Listening, Media Film Nicos Weg A1
Tindak Tutur Ilokusi dalam Film ‘’Amelie Rennt (An Unexpected Friendship)’’
Authors: Devi Nilam Sandra , R Mantasiah , Azizah Laelah
Published: May 2024

Abstract. This research aims to describe the types and functions of illocutionary speech acts in the film Amelie Rennt (an unexpected friendship). The data source of this research is the dialogue between characters in the film Amelie Rennt (an unexpected friendship) which was released in 2017 by Tobias Wiemann. This research is descriptive qualitative, data collection is done through the method of listening and noting. The validity and reliability of the data can be checked by interrater and intrarater. Data analysis using pragmatic equivalent technique. The data obtained were   then   classified   according   to   the speech act theory by Searle and Leech. The results show that 1) in the film Amelie Rennt (an unexpected friendship) there are five types of speech acts, namely directive, assertive, declarative, expressive, and commissive speech acts. 2) there are four illocutionary functions in the conversation between players in the film Amelie Rennt (an unexpected friendship), namely competitive, collaborative, conflictive and convivial.Keywords: Illocutionary Speech Acts, Film, Amelie Rennt
Kemampuan Membaca Memahami Dongeng (Märchen)
Authors: Gamrin Silfani , Saud Syukur , Asri Wahyu Kurniati
Published: May 2024

Abstract. This study aims to determine the ability to read and understand German fairy tales and the factors that influence the ability to read and understand German fairy tales in class XI SMA Negeri 8 Makassar. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method. The technique of collecting data is using written test instruments and questionnaires. Data analysis using percentage technique. The population in this study were all students of class XI MIPA at SMA Negeri 8 Makassar which is consisted of 4 classes with a total of 142 students. The sample in this study were students of class XI MIPA 6 as many as 35 students who were selected (purposive sampling). The results of this study indicated that the ability to read and understand German fairy tales in class XI MIPA 6 SMA Negeri 8 Makassar was 84% or very good category.Keywords: Ability, Reading Comprehension, German Fairy Tales
On conceptual construal in Salvador Dalí’s Surrealist representations of sexuality: A cognitive linguistic perspective
Authors: Kosecki Krzysztof
Published: May 2024

Both verbal and visual communication rely on figurative strategies of metaphor and metonymy to give meaningful form to perception. Three Freud-inspired Surrealist classics by Salvador Dalí (1904-1989) – the newspaper gouache Mae West’s Face Which Can Be Used as a Surrealist Apartment (1934-1935), the painting Anthropomorphic Chest of Drawers (1936), and the assemblage Lobster Telephone (1938) – represent various aspects of sexuality by means of complex interplays of visual metaphors and metonymies. Though most of them have conventional verbal counterparts, their source domains have been elaborated in novel ways. As a result, the metaphors and the metonymies function as multimodal prompts that ‘open’ subconscious associations and thus allow the viewer to interpret Dalí’s ideas in terms of surreal scenarios related to sexuality.
ANALISA PERFORMA HEAT EXCHANGER TIPE SHELL AND TUBE PADA PROSES PENDINGINAN PELUMAS SAG MILL DI AREA GRINDING CONCENTRATOR AREA 130 PT. AMMAN MINERAL NUSA TENGGARA
Authors: Joniarta I Wayan , Santosa Wahyudi , Wijana Made
Published: May 2024

In the industrial world, the use of heat exchanger has an important role in helping the production process, especially in PT. Amman Mineral Nusa Tengggara. Heat exchanger which is used in various production process installations is basically a place to exchange energy in the from of heat from one fluid source to another. In the operation of a heat exchanger on a Semi Autogenous (SAG) mill this process is called oil conditioning, namely oil conditioning involving cooling and filtration in oil to coll the lubricant on the bearing SAG mill. This shell and tube type heat exchanger greatly influences the entire set of processes, because the operation caused by mechanical or operational failure can stop the operation of the unit. In this study do a comparison between the design specifications with the results of observations in the field in the morning and evening. Observations for 5 times were then analyzed using heat transfer to determine thermal load, heat transfer rate, heat transfer coefficient, LMTD, TDC. The results of these calculations can show that the heat exchanger in the morning has better performance.  This is evident from its high effectiveness in the morning. However, the heat exchanger damages the leakage of the tube resulting in the mixing of oil with water and impurities from the cooling water quality from poor water flow can cause a decrease in performance on the heat exchanger.
Profil Penyakit Kulit pada Pasien Anak yang Berobat di Poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin RSUD Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat Periode Januari 2020â€“Juni 2023
Authors: Hendrawan I Wayan , Pratama Deddy , Nurlalwani Dita Kholida , Sungkar Humam
Published: May 2024

Skin diseases can affect all ages, children are no exception. Skin diseases in children can cause considerable discomfort, parental anxiety, and embarrassment in children and impact on absenteeism rates in school-age children. The purpose of this study was to determine the statistical epidemiology of pediatric skin diseases so that they could provide information regarding the prevalence of the disease so that it could be a way to evaluate the causes of skin diseases to help prevent and treat skin diseases.  This study using descriptive retrospective method from secondary data from medical records of children aged 0 to 18 years undergoing treatment at the Dermatology and Venereology Polyclinic at Nusa Tengara Barat Province Hospital in the period January 2020 - June 2023. Then processed with software for presentation in tabular form. During this period, there were 475 pediatric patients with 448 new patients and 27 old patients. Generally men numbered 282 (59.4%). The most common categories of skin diseases in children were infectious diseases with 288 cases (60.6%), dermato-allergo-immunology with 89 cases (18.7%) and non-infectious diseases with 59 cases (12.5%). Most skin diseases are caused by infections, mainly parasitic infestations (mostly scabies), fungal infections (mostly pityriasis versicolor) and followed by bacterial infections (mostly impetigo crustosa).
EVOLUÇÃO DA ABORDAGEM PRIMÁRIA EM PACIENTES GRAVES: IMPORTÂNCIA DAS INOVAÇÕES NO PROTOCOLO ABCDE
Authors: Teixeira Maycon Gabriel Duarte , Possobon Mariana da Silva , Hoss Louise Etienne , Zago Matheus , Daumichen Cinthia Sousa , Silva Natalia Magagnin , Barboza Nicoly de Oliveira , Schmidt Rosana Maciel , BUCKER EROS GUEDES , Santos Karoline Mieczikowski Dos
Published: May 2024

O protocolo ABCDE do trauma quando aplicado em um contexto de urgência e emergência tem uma alta eficácia, auxiliando na abordagem primária e estabilização inicial do paciente grave politraumatizado.
Service needs of elderly members in Bangkok Youth Center (Thai-Japan)
Authors: Nathakorn Thammapilan  , Jintanee Ru-Zhue  , Somnuk Aujirapongpan
Published: May 2024

The objective of this research is to study the service needs and factors related to elderly members who use the services of the Bangkok Youth Center (Thai-Japan). The study used a questionnaire survey as a data collection tool for 200 samples. The statistics used in the data analysis were frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, t-test (Independent Sample t-test, F-test (Independent Sample F-test)One-way ANOVA, and the Pearson’s correlation coefficient to test the relationship between variables. According to the study, the majority of the samples were men, between 60 – 65 years old, marital status, had a bachelor’s degree, owned business as a career before retirement, did not work after retirement and had a monthly income of 20,001-50,000 baht. The results of testing the demographic factors on service needs, by using t-test and F-test statistics, showed that the different of gender, age, status, career before retirement and career after retirement were not different, whereas educational and monthly income were. The result of testing the motivation factors on service needs, by using the Pearson’s correlation coefficient statistic, showed that both intrinsic motives and extrinsic motives were related in medium level in the same way. Therefore, the study’s results could be useful for involved organization for operation planning.
The occurrences and reclassification of eagle ray Aetobatus flagellum (Bloch & Schneider,1801) in Iraqi Marine waters
Authors: Ahmed Chasib Al-Shamary
Published: May 2024

The species Aetobatus flagyllem was caught and reclassified in the Iraqi marine waters on board the boat Anwar 2, and from its specifications, 17 morphometric traits were calculated. The species contains three thorns to defend against prey. It is noted that some morphometric traits are close to each other after using the PCA analysis for some traits of the species from different environments.
Characterization of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) resistant to drought stress as a result of selection using PEG 6000
Authors: Endang Nurcahyani  , Hardoko Insan Qudus  , Amirah Afifah Melta  , Nur Aisyah Amini  , Bambang Irawan  , Sri Wahyuningsih  , Diky Hidayat
Published: May 2024

Cassava is a source of carbohydrates that grows in tropical areas. The largest cassava producing province in Indonesia is Lampung, and Central Lampung Regency is the main cassava production center in Lampung Province. Plant responses in response to drought vary, such as plants wilting, stomata closing, and chlorophyll content decreasing. The drought stress inducer used in this research was polyethylene glycol. Drought-sensitive cassava will show reduced growth, while tolerant plants will obtain new genotypes that are resistant to drought stress conditions. The aim of this research was to determine the drought tolerant concentration of PEG 6000; distinguish between chlorophyll a, b, and total; and determine the differences in stomata density and stress tolerance index in cassava treated with PEG 6000 and the control. The PEG 6000 treatment consisted of 5 concentration levels, namely 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% with each treatment repeated 5 times. The tolerable concentration of PEG 6000 is 40%. The higher the concentration of PEG 6000, the lower the chlorophyll a, b and total content. As the concentration of PEG 6000 increases, the stomata density increases. The stress tolerance index of cassava is categorized into medium tolerant at concentrations of 10% and 20%, and tolerant at concentrations of 30% and 40%.
Balancing the mind: The critical role of carbamazepine as a mood stabilizer in bipolar and schizoaffective disorders
Authors: El Fellah Sara  , Adali Imane  , Manoudi Fatiha
Published: May 2024

This case study explores the therapeutic application and associated challenges of using carbamazepine as a mood stabilizer in the management of schizoaffective disorder. The patient, a 42-year-old male with a history of schizoaffective disorder, exhibited acute manic symptoms exacerbated by substance use and non-compliance with medication. The introduction of carbamazepine initially showed promise in stabilizing mood and reducing psychotic symptoms. However, the treatment course was complicated by a significant adverse dermatological reaction. This necessitated a switch to valproic acid, which was better tolerated. The case underscores the importance of careful monitoring and readiness to adjust treatment in response to carbamazepine-induced side effects. This study highlights the critical need for individualized treatment plans and emphasizes the role of pharmacogenetic testing in predicting adverse drug reactions, ensuring safer and more effective management of psychiatric conditions.
Peripartum cardiomyopathy: How to be sure of the diagnosis?
Authors: Carlos Rebolledo Maldonado  , Iván Darío Sánchez Arguelles  , Evasandrid Romero Jiménez  , Iván Alberto Salas Pinzón  , Alwis Jeaniell Vega Cataño  , Iván De Ávila Consuegra
Published: May 2024

Peripartum cardiomyopathy is an entity within the spectrum of heart failure that is related to pregnancy, which can debut with a clinical variety whose diagnosis in many cases is late. Because the diagnosis is usually of exclusion, it is of interest to the physician, a high clinical suspicion is required to initiate management and avoid irreversible sequelae.
Enhancing College Access in Zimbabwe: Impact of Student Loans and Grants
Authors: Muchimba Lackson , Dwi Liestiawati Fibria Indriati
Published: May 2024

This study explores how government interventions, grants, and loans influence college access in Zimbabwe, focusing on understanding the factors affecting college access and retention rates. The research aims to inform evidence-based decision-making regarding college access through a mixed research approach integrating qualitative and quantitative methods. Combining both qualitative and quantitative methods to ensure the validity and reliability of the findings. It analyses secondary data sources, such as literature, reports, and statistical datasets, to explore aspects like college access, enrollment trends, poverty rates, financial aid programs, and student loan systems in Zimbabwe. Triangulation techniques enhance the credibility of the study's findings by integrating evidence from various sources and employing diverse data collection and analysis methods, enriching perspectives and strengthening the validity and reliability of the study's conclusions. Key findings suggest that grants and loans significantly contribute to increasing college enrollment rates, particularly among economically disadvantaged groups. However, enrollment disparities persist, especially among marginalized populations like women. Despite a modest increase in government spending on education, concerns arise due to a slowdown in overall enrollment growth. Barriers to student loan uptake include complex application processes, concerns about debt burdens, and uncertainties regarding post-graduation employment prospects. The study emphasizes the importance of comprehensive policy interventions to simplify eligibility criteria, enhance financial literacy, and promote employment pathways. Using human capital and open systems theories, the research lays a groundwork for evidence-based decision-making to enhance access to higher education in Zimbabwe.
Communicating educational innovation projects in Latin America mediated by the scaling of complex thinking: Contribution of the UNESCO-ICDE Chair in Mexico
Authors: George-Reyes Carlos Enrique , López-Caudana Edgar Omar , Gómez-Rodríguez Víctor Gustavo
Published: May 2024

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Chair in the open educational movement for Latin America aims to promote scientific, technological, entrepreneurial, and innovative development. In Mexico, face-to-face bootcamps occur every two years, where prototypes of high-value solutions for education are developed using design and active learning methodologies, with the aim of scaling complex thinking and sustainable development. In the 2023 edition, 94 academicians from 12 countries participated (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Germany, Guatemala, Mexico, Peru, Spain, the Dominican Republic, and the United Kingdom). Experts from Tecnológico de Monterrey, the Open University, the University of Leeds, and Siemens Stiftung supervised the process. This article presents the prototyped proposals and the results of applying the Play2Train4C methodology, enabling participants to develop educational innovation projects under the paradigm of complex thinking. The results indicate that (1) the participants managed to prototype ten proposals validated by experts and (2) their perceptions of their systemic, critical, scientific, and innovative thinking (sub-competencies of complex thinking) improved by the end of the bootcamp. The conclusion was that the UNESCO Chair boosted solution-building skills for the complex problems arising in Latin America and enabled key agents in education to improve their complex thinking skills for quality education, as promulgated by sustainable development goal 4.
ECTOPARASITES OF DOMESTIC DOGS UNDER ONE YEAR OF AGE IN MOSCOW
Authors: Glamazdin I. G. , Panova O. A. , Sysoeva N. Y. , Chernigovtseva Y. V. , Smirnova Y. E.
Published: May 2024

Ectoparasites of domestic dogs continue to be regularly recorded in the city. Young
animals under one year of age are most susceptible to the infection. The purpose
of our research was to study the spread of ectoparasites in domestic dogs under
one year of age in Moscow. The study was carried out on 543 dogs admitted to a
veterinary clinic in 2018–2022. The animals were both with clinical manifestations
of diseases and clinically healthy. All animals were examined, the coat condition was determined, and microscopy of ear exudate, superficial and deep skin scrapings,
trichoscopy, and a wet paper test were performed. Ectoparasites were found in
30.9% of examined dogs under the age of one year. Ixodid ticks (9.2%), Demodex
sp. (8.3%), Ctenocephalides sp. (5.3%), and Cheyletiella yasguri (4.0%) were most
frequently diagnosed. Ticks Otodectes cynotis (2.2%) and Sarcoptes canis (1.3%) and
biting lice Trichodectes canis (2.0%) were found less frequently. Combined infection
by several types of ectoparasites was diagnosed in 8 cases (1.5%). Having compared
our data with those previously published, it becomes obvious that the ectoparasite
infection of young domestic dogs under the age of one year remains high in Moscow.
STUDY OF THE SPREAD OF BIO- AND GEOHELMINTH INFECTIONS ON THE KURSK REGION USING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Elizarov A. S. , Malysheva N. S.
Published: May 2024

The Research Institute of Parasitology of the Kursk State University has been
conducting research to determine the distribution of geo- and biohelminths in the
Kursk Region. During the research, 6,111 positive samples were obtained of which
1,967 were water samples; 1,269, storm drains; 1,191, soil samples; and 1,684,
sediments from the bottom of reservoirs. The study areas were selected empirically,
considering environmental factors and habitats of definitive, intermediate, and
supplementary hosts. Sampling was carried out in Rylsky, Korenevsky, Konyshevsky,
Zheleznogorsky and Dmitrievsky Districts of the Kursk Region. Interactive maps
were compiled in the Axioma Geographic Information System (GIS) registered in
the Unified Register of Russian Programs for Electronic Computers and Databases
under no. 2174. When mapping the studied areas, modern hardware was used,
namely, control data tablets with special software, and software and hardware
navigators. The maps obtained in the research allow you to operate with scientific
data and change the overview, add or remove layers with their thematic information,
make predictive models and determine the course of further research.
MORPHOMETRIC FEATURES OF INVASIVE
OESOPHAGODONTUS ROBUSTUS LARVAE AND SPREAD OF
EQUINE OESOPHAGODONTOSIS IN THE ALTAI MOUNTAINS
Authors: Efremova E. A. , Marchenko V. A.
Published: May 2024

The research purpose was to characterize morphometric features of invasive larvae
of Oesophagodontus robustus and to study the spread of equine oesophagodontosis
in the Altai Mountains. Fecal samples from animals spontaneously infected with
helminths were examined using the Berman-Orlov larvoscopic method followed by
calculation of abundance rates (prevalence, %) and infection intensity (larvae/g).
Infective Oesophagodontus larvae were identified with reference to morphometric
features. It was found that the average larvae length and width were 1022.4±14.2
(min, 939.5 µm, max, 1068.4 µm) and 34.5±0.2 µm (min, 33.1 µm, max, 35.5 µm),
respectively, including the length of esophagus, intestines, body and caudal end of
the larval cap of 187.0; 387.3; 682.8 and 339.6 µm, respectively. In view of the results
obtained, species of the family Strongylidae, Oesophagodontus robustus Giles, 1982;
Railliet et Henry, 1902, were recorded in the community of gastrointestinal equine
nematodes for the first time in the Altai Mountains. Their widespread distribution
was detected within boundaries of the Altai Mountains; the infection rate in horses
was low and varied from 12.2 to 17.6 and averaged 16.7%. The average number of
larvae per gram of feces was 0.7 larvae/g. The high infection intensity rates in horses in the mountain-forest zone of the Kosh-Agachsky District were due to landscape
features of the area.
SPECIES COMPOSITION AND SIMPTOMS OF HELMINTHOSIS OF HORSES IN THE TYUMEN REGION
Authors: Kalugina E. G. , Stolbova O. A.
Published: May 2024

One of the problems in horse breeding in the Tyumen Region is significant spread
of helminthiasis. The purpose of our research was to study the species composition
and symptoms of equine helminth infections on the farms in the Tyumen Region. We
performed clinical examinations of the animals and coprological studies of horse feces
for intestinal helminth infections. We also check the surface contents with perianal,
circumanal and perineum swabbing taken with a stick and clear adhesive tape. Тhe
diagnosis was confirmed by common laboratory research methods (Fülleborn’s
method, helminthoscopy, G. A. Kotelnikov and V. M. Khrenov flotation method). The
results of studies found that the horses had Class Nematoda helminths of the suborder
Strongylata (Delafondia vulgaris, Strongylus equinus and Trichonema sp.) recorded
most frequently with the prevalence of 67.20±2.07% and the infection intensity of
647.10±5.47 eggs per gram of feces; the Parascaris equorum prevalence, 48.00±1.52%
with the infection intensity, 409.7±5.4 eggs/g; the Oxyuris equi prevalence,
20.2±1.16% with the infection intensity, 436.40±3.67 eggs/g; and the Strongyloides
westeri prevalence, 9.4±0.53% with the infection intensity, 87.60±2.78 eggs/g. Class
Cestoda helminths of the species Anoplocephalata perfoliata were found less frequently
with the prevalence of 0.20±0.03% and the infection intensity of 10.30±0.74 eggs/g.
INFECTION OF DONKEYS BY TREMATODA FASCIOLA GIGANTICA (COBBOLD, 1855) IN KARAKALPAKSTAN
Authors: Kaniyazov A. J. , Dilmanova A. I. , Sarsenbaev I. E.
Published: May 2024

The research purpose was to study the infection of donkeys by the trematode Fasciola
gigantica (Cobbold, 1855) of the Fasciolidae family in Karakalpakstan. Materials for
the study were collected throughout the Republic of Karakalpakstan. During this
period, 31 animals were examined by complete or partial helminthological dissections
per Academician K. I. Skryabin (1928). In addition, 156 fecal samples were taken
from the donkeys and examined using helminthocoprological methods. When
determining the species composition of helminths found in the research conducted
in the Republic of Karakalpakstan, attention was paid to their morphological
characteristics and localization. According to the development cycle, Fasciola
gigantica is a biohelminth and develops with an intermediate host. The intermediate
host’s functions are performed by freshwater mollusks of the Lymnaeidae family.
The results of the analysis found Fasciola gigantica in the examined donkeys and
determined that it belonged to the phylum Plathelminthes, class Trematoda, order
Fasciolida, family Fasciolidae, genus Fasciola. The Fasciola gigantica prevalence
in the body of the donkeys was 6.4%, and the invasion intensity, 3–19 specimens.
Throughout the study, morphological characteristics of the species Fasciola gigantica
were studied. Based on the morphological characteristics, the body of Fasciola
gigantica was somewhat oblong with the length of 30–75 mm.
FAUNA OF ENDOPARASITES IN CATS AND DOGS IN THE PRIMORSKY AND THE KAMCHATKA TERRITORIES
Authors: Konyaev S. V. , Prilepsky Y. O.
Published: May 2024

A coproovoscopic study of cats and dogs living in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky,
Ussuriysk and Vladivostok was conducted. The study material was fecal samples
collected from August to December 2023 from 99 dogs from the Primorsky Territory
(the cities of Ussuriysk and Vladivostok) that were brought to a veterinary clinic or
a trap-neuter-return facility in Vladivostok – the analysis of this sample of animals
is given cumulatively. In the Kamchatka Territory, we examined samples from 19
dogs and 82 cats from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, and from animals kept in shelters
and brought to a subsidized neutering center. Thirteen parasite species were found
in the study area. The animals from Ussuriysk and Vladivostok were found to have
2 protozoan species, 2 species of flatworms and 3 species of roundworms. The
infection intensity in the dogs reached 40.4% (95% CI, 30.7-50.7). Five protozoan
species, 1 species of flatworms and 4 nematode species were found in the animals
in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. The prevalence in the dogs and cats reached 36.8%
(95% CI, 16.3-61.6) and 23.2% (95% CI, 14.6-33.8).
EFFICACY OF THE MOXIDECTIN AND SPINOSAD COMBINATION AGAINST CANINE IXODIDOSIS
Authors: Koshkina N. A. , Engasheva E. S.
Published: May 2024

The article presents the results of a study on acaricidal efficacy of the combination
of Moxidectin and Spinosad, which are part of ExpressTabs®, in transfer of ixodid
ticks on dogs. The study was carried out at the Animal Welfare Center of SVS-N
LLC on 24 clinically healthy mixed breed dogs which were divided into two groups
of 12 animals each: experimental (with ExpressTabs®) and control (the drug was
not given). Acaricidal activity of the drug was determined in accordance with MG
3.5.2.1759-03. As a result of the studies, ExpressTabs® was found to be 100% effective
against ixodidosis at 24 hours after the use. Two weeks after ExpressTabs®, 57.0, 95.8,
and 100% efficacy was found against ixodidosis in the dogs at 24, 48, and 72 hours
after tick transfer, respectively. Four weeks after ExpressTabs®, 57.8, 91.0, and 100%
efficacy was found against ixodidosis in the dogs at 24, 48, and 72 hours after tick
transfer, respectively. Six weeks after ExpressTabs®, 41.6, 77.1, and 91.5% efficacy
was found against ixodidosis in the dogs at 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours after
tick transfer, respectively.
TO THE 95th BIRTH ANNIVERSARY OF ACADEMICIAN ANDREY S. BESSONOV (1929–2005)
Authors: Uspensky A. V. , Arisov M. V.
Published: May 2024

Andrei Stefanovich Bessonov, a well-known Russian parasitologist, coordinator of scientific research in parasitology in the Russian Federation and the CIS countries, Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Laureate of the USSR State Prize, Full Member of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, was born on April 10, 1929, in the Krasnodar Territory. After graduating from the Novocherkassk Zoological Veterinary Institute in 1952, he worked as the Chief Veterinarian of the Syamzhensky District, the Vologda Region, and in 1955 he entered the Ph. D. Program at the All-Union Institute of Helminthology named after K. I. Skryabin (VIGIS). After graduation
from the post-graduate studies and defending his Ph. D. thesis in 1959, he worked at the same Institute. From 1982 to 2002, A. S. Bessonov was the director of the VIGIS. The A. S. Bessonov’s works on epizootology, diagnosis and prevention of trichinellosis are very famous among parasitologists. Theoretical principles and
practical studies on trichinellosis were reflected in two unique monographs by A. S. Bessonov, Epizootology (Epidemiology) and Prevention of Trichinellosis (1972) and Diagnostics of Trichinellosis (1975). The results of the research by A. S. Bessonov and his students in echinococcosis (Echinococcus granulosus) in animals are well known. In 2003, the monograph Alveolar Echinococcosis and Hydatid Disease (2003) was published. Under his direct influence, the VIGIS actively developed research to create genetically engineered vaccines and new
dosage forms of antiparasitic drugs (liposomal, etc.), as well as research in the helminth genome. Together with foreign scientists, A. S. Bessonov participated in creating Guidelines of the FAO, WHO and UNEP on the prevention and control of trichinellosis, echinococcosis and cysticercosis in animals and humans. He was a member of the editorial boards of the following scientific and production journals: Veterinary Medicine, Helminthologia (Slovakia) and Riview in Parasitology (Spain).
VIRAL AND NEMATODE INFECTIONS IN PLANTINGS OF THE GARDEN STRAWBERRY
Authors: Petrova A. D.
Published: May 2024

Protecting strawberries from various diseases and phytoparasites plays an important
role in providing high yields. Ditylenchiasis caused by the stem nematode Ditylenchus
dipsaci (Kuhn, 1857, Filipjev, 1936) is a wide-spread and highly dangerous disease
with the greatest economic impact worldwide. The disease is common in industrial
gardens, on farms and subsidiary farms. The stem nematode being a serious pest
reduces strawberry yield by almost 3-5 times. Berries become small and ugly on
damaged plants and their sugar content decreases. The plant reproductive capacity
decreases by 6-10 times. The most dangerous and economically significant viruses
for strawberries are arabis mosaic vitis ArMV, strawberry latent ringspot virus
SLRSV, tomato black ring virus TBRV, and raspberry ringspot virus RpRSV. The
symptoms of strawberry damage by nepoviruses appear as dwarfism and a chlorotic
pattern in the form of rings, lines, and spots on leaves. The harmfulness of the viruses
on strawberries is shown in decreased yield to 42%, decreased peduncles, ovaries and
fruit weight, and the changed chemical composition. The research was carried out
on farms of different types of ownership in the Moscow, Yaroslavl, and Tver Regions.
The species composition of the viruses on strawberry varieties and hybrids, and the
Ditylenchus dipsaci prevalence were studied. In 18% of the studied private subsidiary
farms, the infection with the stem nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci was detected. The
infection degree ranged from 9 to 28% of the plants on the site. The infected bush
yield fell by 40%. The overall virus prevalence was 53.6%. The variation was from 5
to 24% in individual viruses. The cucumber mosaic virus infection was found in 18%
of the samples.
EPIZOOTIC SITUATION ON CONTAMINATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECTS WITH INFECTIVE ELEMENTS IN PIG FARMING ENTERPRISES
Authors: Safiullin R. T.
Published: May 2024

The study of the epizootic situation on contamination of environmental objects with
infective elements in pig farming enterprises of the Moscow and Kaluga Regions
showed their contamination with parasitic protozoa oocysts and cysts and nematode
eggs and larvae, which was influenced by the infection of livestock with such parasites,
and quality of veterinary and sanitary, and therapeutic and preventive measures.
According to the contamination degree with infective elements of parasitic protozoa
and nematodes, the external environment objects in sow houses and nursing piglet
sites were milking bail floors and passages, as well as feeders. The milking bail walls
were least contaminated with parasitic protozoa oocysts and cysts and helminth eggs
and larvae. In the studied commercial pig farming enterprises, the epizootic process
for parasitic protozoa: cryptosporidia, isospores, Eimeria and Balantidium, was
constantly active due to the presence of all epizootic process components: the source
of invasion was infected animals; vectors were environmental objects contaminated
with infective elements and susceptible animals, especially piglets.
SCARBILOVICH TATIANA S. (TO THE 120th BIRTH ANNIVERSARY)
Authors: Shesteperov A. A. , Lychagina S. V.
Published: May 2024

It marked 120 years since the birth of Tatyana Semenovna Skarbilovich, the founder of
Soviet and Russian phytonematology and helminthology (January 24, 1904). While in
the Moscow University, T. S. Skarbilovich studied in a helminthological group organized
by Academician K. I. Skryabin in 1924. In 1926 to 1933, T. S. Skarbilovich mainly
worked in zoohelminthology. During this period, she published 20 scientific papers on
helminth fauna of domestic and wild animals, as well as biology of some helminths.
T. S. Skarbilovich stood at the origins of phytohelminthology in our country. From 1929
until the end of her life (1988), T. S. Skarbilovich’s scientific activity was associated
with the All-Union Institute of Helminthology where she headed the Laboratory of
Phytohelminthology for more than 25 years, and then continued to work as a consulting
Professor. Tatyana Semenovna studied dozens of phytohelminth species that cause
nematode diseases of agricultural, medicinal, and ornamental plants. The results of
these studies were presented in the monograph that was translated into Chinese and
published in the PRC. An in-depth and detailed study of biology and ecology of, and
control measures against, the beet cyst nematode formed the basis of her doctorate thesis.
She was the author of over 100 scientific papers. Bibliography "Domestic literature on
nematodes of plants, insects, soil and aquatic environments for 1874 to 1980" published
by T. S. Skarbilovich was translated into English in India.
DETECTION OF DIOCTOPHYME RENALE (GOEZE, 1782) EGGS IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL MATERIALS IN MANGAZEYA (YAMALO-NENETS AUTONOMOUS OKRUG)
Authors: Sivkova T. N. , Kosintsev P. A. , Krapivina V. V.
Published: May 2024

Parasitological studies of material from archaeological sites make it possible to
establish not only the diet and health status of the population and animals, but also
to trace some cultural and even social changes. We have conducted a parasitological
analysis of 29 samples of dogs` coprolites, cultural layer and manure from the
excavations of Mangazeya, the first Russian transpolar city of the 17th century
located in the north of Western Siberia in the permafrost zone. It was found that
26 (89.66%) samples contained well-preserved helminth eggs that allowed their
identification by morphological characteristics. Among other things, for the first
time for this archaeological site, 5 eggs of the nematode Dioctophyma renale (Goeze,
1782) (4.17%) were discovered in coprolites of dogs. The eggs were about 60–70
micrometers long, elongated in shape, with two plugs at opposite poles. They had a
thick shell with characteristic ornamentation and a brownish-yellow color. In terms
of morphological indicators, they fully correspond to modern descriptions. The
discovery of the eggs of the giant kidney worm in the cultural layer of Mangazeya can
be explained by the importation by its residents with dogs from the Moscow Region
and the northern regions of Russia, where natural foci of dioctophimosis were and
currently exist.
MICROMORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN PLANORBIS (MÜLLER, 1774) TISSUES IN EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION WITH MIRACIDIA COTYLURUS SP. (SZIDAT, 1928)
Authors: Sivkova T. N. , Lokteva D. A.
Published: May 2024

During their life cycle at larval development stages, trematodes use various molluscs
as their first intermediate host, migrate and reproduce asexually in them causing
various responses in the form of degenerative changes and inflammatory processes.
The purpose of our research was to study histological pattern of tissues in the first
intermediate hosts in response to miracidia infection. For this purpose, we performed
a histological study of tissue samples of trumpet snails of the genus Planorbis
(Müller, 1774) experimentally infected with miracidia Cotylurus sp. isolated from
the mallard Anas platyrhynchos (Linnaeus, 1758) of the Perm population and stained
by two methods, hematoxylin and eosin, and PAS (periodic acid Schiff reaction).
It was found that there were areas of granulation tissue formation in the muscular
layer of the leg, which was indicative of the scarring in this organ after mechanical
action. Miracidium was also found during migration accompanied by muscle fiber
separation and edema development in adjacent tissues. The planorbids’ organism
reaction to Cotylurus infection was similar to changes in other related gastropods in
response to any infective agent, regardless of its location.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOME BIOCHEMICAL BLOOD PARAMETERS IN OPISTHROCHISIS
Authors: Sidelnikova A. A.
Published: May 2024

Biochemical blood parameters were analyzed in the chronic phase of opisthorchiasis
in rabbits in an experiment for the first time. Sexually mature males were infected
with 50 Opisthorchis felineus (Rivolta, 1884) metacercariae isolated from the muscle
tissue of Leuciscus leuciscus per one animal (n = 10). After confirmation of occurred
invasion in the animals, serum was examined at 61 months (about 5 years). Glucose,
urea, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were
determined in serum using a hematological analyzer. Own data obtained in the
acute phase of opisthorchiasis at 1.5 months after infection were used as test and
control. We found that glucose corresponded to normal values in the chronic phase
as compared to the acute phase, and the data were statistically significant. Urea was
normal as compared to the acute phase, and the data were statistically significant.
AST level was within normal range and ALT was above normal values as compared
to the acute phase. The data for liver enzymes among the invasion periods were not
statistically significant. Thus, the studied biochemical parameters returned to normal
in the chronic phase of opisthorchiasis compared to the acute phase except for ALT.
DISTRIBUTION OF TREMATODES OF VERTEBRATES BY REGIONS OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors: Shakarboev E. B. , Berdibaev A. S. , Khosilova G. A. , Abdukodirova Z. S.
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this research is to study the distribution of trematodes of vertebrates
by individual regions of Uzbekistan. Helminthological material was collected
from vertebrates in the eastern, northeastern, central, southern, and northwestern parts of the Republic. The trematode infection rate in vertebrates was determined
by complete and partial helminthological dissections of animals. During 2000-
2023, 3,380 vertebrate animals were examined using the method of complete
helminthological dissections. Trematodes of the vertebrate fauna in Uzbekistan were
represented by 186 species (174 species in adult form and 12 species in larval form)
belonging to 89 genera, 35 families, 13 orders and two subclasses (Bucephalidea
and Prosostomidea) of the Trematoda class. The research results showed that the
quantitative ratio of trematodes of vertebrates prevailed in the northeastern region
where 128 species were recorded; 70 in the northwestern region; per 31 species in the
central and eastern regions, and 21 species in the southern region. Of 186 trematode
species, the most pathogenic were representatives of the families Fasciolidae,
Echinostomatidae, Paramphistomatidae, Dicrocoeliidae, Prosthogonomidae,
Alaridae, Diplostomidae, Brachylaimidae, Notocotylidae, Bilharziellidae and
Schistosomatidae in Uzbekistan and had epizootological and epidemiological
significance. In this connection, when organizing anthelminthic measures, it is
necessary to consider the degree of species distribution and its morphobiological
characteristics. This will ensure the effectiveness of taken measures and livestock
survival and increase animal productivity.
THE STUDY ON SAFETY (TOLERANCE) OF UNICOCCIDUM ON RABBITS
Authors: Shelyakin I. D. , Semenov S. N. , Cheskidova L. V.
Published: May 2024

Preclinical study of new medicines allows us to determine their specific
pharmacological activity, indications for use and contraindications. However, in
addition to the efficacy, the choice of a drug depends on its safety profile. The research
purpose was to study tolerance (safety) of the anticoccidial drug Unicoccidum on
rabbits. The experiment was conducted on rabbits divided into 3 groups. Animals of
the first group (n = 6) (control) were prescribed no drugs; rabbits of the second group
(n = 8) were administered Unicoccidum once orally, individually, at a therapeutic dose (0.4 mL/kg); and rabbits of the third group (n = 7) were administered the drug
at a five-fold therapeutic dose (2.0 mL/kg). Blood for the study was taken from
the rabbits’ auricular veins at 7 days after Unicoccidum. The cellular composition
of peripheral blood was determined using standard cell counting techniques.
Hemoglobin, total protein, urea, calcium, phosphorus, cholesterol, glucose,
creatinine, bilirubin, AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, and γ-GT were determined
with Vital kits (Saint Petersburg) using a Hitachi-902 biochemical analyzer. It was
found that Unicoccidum in the studied doses did not significantly affect the clinical
status, behavior, or appetite of the rabbits. Morphological and biochemical blood
parameters in the experimental animals did not differ from the control and were
within the physiological range for this animal species. Thus, Unicoccidum has good
tolerance and is safe for animals.
PARASITOCENOTIC ASPECTS IN PHYTOPARASITOLOGY
Authors: Shesteperov A. A. , Starostina E. S.
Published: May 2024

The term "microparasitocenosis" proposed by A. P. Markevich, who combined
parasitizing forms of resident microflora of the organism and parasites that
entered from external environment. Viruses, viroids, bacteria, fungi, protozoa,
phytohelminths, phytoparasitic mites and insects form the parasitocenosis in a
macroorganism (plant) and represent a damaging complex that contributes to
pathological changes in the macroorganism. The intention to simplify complex
biological processes as much as possible has led to artificial isolation of any single
pathogen. This turned out to be necessary and effective in studying causative agents of
dangerous plant parasite infections. But it turned out to be inconsistent for associated
infections and invasions since complex diseases develop when they are combined
with other phytoparasites. Their synergism contributes to high harmfulness of
complex diseases. Unfortunately, the problem of plant parasite infection and invasion
has not been sufficiently studied in phytoparasitology. As defined, plant parasitism
has boundaries from positive to neutral interactions of other types that are precisely
outlined by pathogenicity. Harmfulness is exactly what can explain centuries-old hostility towards parasites. We considered the plant parasite cenosis of strawberries
that included 27 plant parasites and 25 pathogens. The discovery of relationships
between phytopathogens and phytoparasites has resulted in a qualitative change in
cognitive tools and the interpretation of various pathogenic process phases. Based
on systemic analysis, phytoparasites at different levels (plants, plant populations,
biocenosis) are considered not as a mechanical population but as an integral system
that functions under specific laws. Systemic quality of the plant parasitic cenosis
appears in its interactions with other organisms.
DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF TRICHINELLA LARVAES IN MUSCLES OF WILD ANIMALS
Authors: Bondarenko G. A. , Solovyеva I. A. , Trukhina T. I.
Published: May 2024

Trichinellosis is a natural focal disease. Despite all sanitary and preventive measures,
outbreaks of trichinellosis periodically occur in humans which is commonly caused
by meat from wild animals that does not undergo veterinary and sanitary examination.
In the Far Eastern Federal District, wild animals are hunted in inaccessible areas,
over long distances from laboratories, and the provision of carcasses is problematic
but identifying the most infected muscle groups is important for diagnosis. As a
result of the research, the muscles most infected with Trichinella larvae were found
in the common fox, wolf, badger, lynx and raccoon dog. The largest number of
Trichinella larvae was concentrated in the hyoid muscle and the superficial digital
flexor in the common fox; the superficial digital flexor and cranial tibial muscle in
the wolf; and the hyoid muscle and the superficial digital flexor in the raccoon dog.
The muscles most infected by Trichinella larvae were the hyoid muscle and muscle
tissue of the tongue in badgers, and the hyoid and mastication muscles in lynxes. The
above muscle groups may be recommended for selection in diagnostic studies for
trichinellosis in corresponding species of wild animals in the Amur Region.
PREVALENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF POTATO DITYLENCHIASIS IN BELARUS
Authors: Volchkevich I. G. , Khalaeva V. I. , Konopatskaya M. V.
Published: May 2024

The stem nematode (Ditylenchus destructor Thorne, 1945) is the causative agent
of ditylenchiasis and occupies one of the first places in harmfulness among potato
phytohelminth infections and causes significant damage to the crop both in the
growing season and storage. The stem nematode is widespread in all areas where
potatoes are cultivated and has a quarantine status for many countries. To study
ditylenchiasis spread and development in 2019-2023, route surveys of tubers were
conducted at typical potato storage houses in Belarus. The results of phytosanitary
monitoring of tubers showed an annual increase in their damage by ditylenchiasis. It
was determined that the prevalence rate in tubers varied from 0.1 to 3.3% in the preplanting period. We found that the first signs of tuber damage by stem nematode were
observed already during the harvesting period. The prevalence rate of ditylenchiasis
on potato tubers of new crop when grown in the artificial infectious background
can reach 46.7%. The largest number of tubers damaged by the phytohelminth was
found in the early Lilea variety, and the smallest number, in the late Vectar variety.
The prevalence of the disease increased for the storage period by an average of 1.8,
and the development, by 8.8, with the maximum rate of infection development in
the first two months of storage.