bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ICT Adoption and Economic Growth Nexus: Evidence from Leading African Economies
Authors: BINUYO Adekunle Oluwole
Published: February 2020

This paper examines the impact of information and communication technology (ICT) on output growth in Nigeria, South Africa, Egypt, Algeria, Morocco, Libya, Sudan, Kenya, and Ghana. We use annual data on GDP (PPP) to proxy economic growth whilst internet users, mobile phone users, telephone users, personal computers users, and school enrolment (tertiary) covering from 1990 â€“ 2013 were used to proxy ICT. The data were analysed in a dynamic panel environment using the 2SLS method. The robustness of the 2SLS result was confirmed by the GMM regression. The results imply a positive relationship between ICT and economic growth in accord with earlier studies. Few of the earlier studies investigate the causality aspect of the relationship and the few that did use ICT directly without resolving it into its sub-variables as done in this study. The Granger causality test results indicate that only fixed wireless communication system Granger cause GDPPPP out of the five predictors suggesting that the other ICT predictors merely associate with GDP not necessarily Granger cause it as most of the earlier studies erroneously suggest. The policy implication is that the affected countries should give policy priority to development of ICT infrastructure with specific emphasis on the fixed wireless communication system as precursors for ensuring sustainable growth in the medium and long - term.
Examining the Evidence of the Feminization of Poverty in Botswana
Authors: Lekobane Khaufelo Raymond
Published: February 2020

Poverty in Botswana is more pronounced in female-headed households (FHHs) especially those residing in rural areas where employment opportunities are limited. Similarly, the proportion of the FHHs to the total poor increased between 2002/03 and 2009/10. However, no study has so far analyzed whether feminization of poverty has occurred. This paper therefore, examines feminization of poverty in Botswana using the 2009/10 Botswana Core Welfare Indicator Survey and the 2002/03 Household Income and Expenditure Survey datasets. The results indicate no evidence of feminization of poverty (at both national and regional levels). However, the results reveal evidence of feminization of poverty amongst the married couples, the widowed, the divorced, the unemployed, those working in own farms and the self-employed. Therefore, public policy should focus on gender sensitive poverty alleviation strategies, with specific focus on the vulnerable FHHs, especially the divorced/separated and the widowed, in order to fully address the feminization of poverty amongst these groups.
Choice of Intermediary for Leisure Travel Arrangements
Authors: Ezeuduji Ikechukwu O.
Published: February 2020

Travellers can plan and arrange holidays themselves online or through the supplier, or use the services of a travel organizer, such as a travel agent. Consumers of travel services will seek to optimize choices by selecting a distribution channel which will provide them with the greatest perceived value. The primary goal of this study is to explore the underlying factors that influence consumer behaviour in making travel decisions, with specific reference to choosing between booking through a travel agent or online. Research with a perspective on travel decision-making in South Africa is limited. This study surveyed 408 respondents residing in South Africa using a structured questionnaire examining preference in booking holiday flights or accommodation through a travel agent or Internet. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify factors influencing traveller decision-making. Factors that influence travel decision-making were identified to include â€˜trustâ€™, â€˜convenience and adoption of technologyâ€™, â€˜best deal and priceâ€™, and â€˜personal contactâ€™. Travellers who preferred booking through the Internet found the potential of technology to save time and effort and to be convenient, due to the Internet being available day and night, important advantages of booking online. Travellers who preferred booking through a travel agent placed a premium on personal contact and social interaction between traveller and travel agent. They further valued the travel experience and ability of the travel agent to group transactions.
The Role of Financial Intermediaries in the Internationalization of Capital Markets in Kenya: A Study of stock brokers in Kenya
Authors: Arasa Robert , . Prudensia Kaihula
Published: February 2020

Financial intermediaries continue to play a big role in the internationalization of capital markets. In Kenya all transactions in the Nairobi Securities Exchange must be carried out by an authorized stock broker. This study covered the stockbrokers and their role in the internationalization of capital markets within Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive survey. Population of interest comprised of 19 stockbrokerage firms licensed to operate at the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE). The study findings indicate that stock brokers contribute to the internationalization of capital markets through their roles in facilitating cross-listing, offshoring and foreign investor by aiding in sourcing for investment opportunities, provision of relevant information and transaction facilitation. Study findings further reveals that the government issues, lack of awareness and knowledge on innovative strategies, adequate financial resources, availability of adequate infrastructure and trading costs affects stock brokers role in the internationalization of capital markets. The study recommends that the government and policy makers should direct efforts towards addressing the various bottlenecks that hinder the effectiveness of the stock brokers in the internationalization of capital markets in Kenya. Further, towards realizing efficiency and effectiveness these firms need to embrace technology and innovation.
Evaluation of Bank Products Appeal across Demographic Consideration: A Comparative Study of Nigeria and South Africa
Authors: Binuyo Binuyo , . Aregbeshola , . Rafiu Adewale
Published: February 2020

Influence of demographic variables on banking has continued to attract the interest of researchers over the years with a good number focussing on impact of demographic variables on choice of banks by customers. This study however differs from previous studies in that its focus is on the evaluation of bank products appeal across demographic variables in South Africa and Nigeria. This descriptive study made use of primary data collected by administering validated and pre-tested questionnaires to 3,684 bank customers within selected strategic locations across Nigeria and South Africa using the snowball sampling technique. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data generated. High Chi-Square statistics (corroborated with cross â€“ tabulation and correlation analyses) coupled with very low probability values indicate highly significant associations between demographic variables and the dependent variables. The study recommends customer-centric approach on the part of banks to be able to provide customers with effective and unique value offers for various customer segments. Also, policy intervention is required to promote infrastructural upgrade for better product and service delivery. A more inclusive regulatory framework is required to draw more of the unbanked self â€“ employed populace in the interest of boosting the economic performance of both countries.
A Study on the Deterring Factors to Entrepreneurship among Graduates of Agriculture and Natural Resources: Case Study in Bushehr, Iran
Authors: Hedjazi Yousef
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this research was to study deterring factors to entrepreneurship among graduates of agriculture and natural resources. A survey approach was used in this research. The statistical population included ninety eight graduates of agriculture and natural resources who are working in private or governmental business units in the province of Bushehr, Iran. A questionnaire was developed to interview the subjects of the study of which the validity and reliability were estimated based on the opinions of a panel of experts and Cronbachâ€™s alpha coefficient respectively. The results indicated that among personality factors, low self-confidence and low spirit of independence were the most important deterring factors to entrepreneurship. The results also revealed that a weak relation between university and business environment, insufficient practical and theoretical education, high risk of investment in the agriculture, and legal and administrative restrictions were the most important environmentally deterring factors. Based on this research finding, male graduates had a higher spirit of opportunity recognition and independence than female graduates.
Scent in Mail: The Effect of Scented Direct Mailings
Authors: Amsteus Martin , . Vidar Hwang
Published: February 2020

The purpose of the present study is to test the effect of scent on response time and sales in direct mailings. It is proposed that congruent scent influences response time and sales in direct mailings. A total of 1571 direct mailings were sent out.The hypotheses were tested through a Mann-Whitney U test and a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The results show that scent influences response time to direct mailings but that it does not influence sales.Future research should perform exploratory studies to test the effect of scent with regard to various forms of direct marketing and offerings as well as in general product and service contexts. Managers may want to consider scenting direct mailings when a fast response is critical. The result provides empirical support for the idea that scent has an effect on response time in direct mailings.
Fiscal Policy Shocks and Private Consumption in Nigeria: Blanchard-Perotti (2002) Approach
Authors: Olasunkanmi OSENI Isiaq
Published: February 2020

This paper examines the effects of fiscal policy shocks on private consumption in Nigeria. Albeit, there is a considerable number of works examining the effects of fiscal policy shocks on private consumption globally but in Nigeria, no study has used the structural VAR approach by Blanchard and Perotti (2002) as used in this paper. This approach relies on institutional information about the tax and transfer systems and the timing of tax collection to identify the automatic response of taxes and spending to private consumption as well as to infer fiscal shocks. The key result of this paper is that positive government spending shocks in Nigeria have an instantaneous negative effect on private consumption. The effect becomes significant in the period following the shock. Also, positive tax shocks have a negative effect on private consumption in the period of a shock and the effect becomes statistically insignificant afterwards. On this premises, one-off changes in government spending and taxes in Nigeria are long-lived and short-lived respectively. Thus, the government expenditure changes can be used to support private consumption in the long-run while that of taxes can only be used to support private consumption for a short period.
Contribution of Financial Literacy to Behavior
Authors: Chaulagain Ramesh Prasad
Published: February 2020

Almost all the people around the world behave with money in daily lives whereas understanding how they behave is important. It is obvious that the education, which can not affect behavior of people, is worthless. Financial literacy also is believed to change financial behavior of individuals. Financial literacy implies two sides, i.e. concept and application of personal finance. The concept consists financial knowledge and basic skill of numeracy and financial decisions; the application consists the financial behavior. The focus of the article is to discuss how the financial literacy contributes financial behavior and thereby financial wellbeing of individuals. For this, the article presents a transmission mechanism of financial knowledge and skill to the financial behavior through a framework. However, there are some contexts, conditions and criterions to transmit the financial knowledge and skill into financial behavior and well-being. Moreover, categorizing the financial behavior of individuals is a significant issue in study of financial literacy. Particularly for the survey research, a new categorization and degree of the financial behavior is presented, which is ranked as good, moderate and weak financial behavior in comparative ways. The study establishes the relevancy of the evaluation criteria of financial behavior and also presents a framework on how the financial educations work contribute in financial behavior.
Do parents Influence the Choice of Tertiary Institutions for their Children? Some Statistical Analyses
Authors: Kyei Kwabena A.
Published: February 2020

The paper investigates whether or not parents influence their childrenâ€™s choice for tertiary institution to attend. Education has increasingly become more important in this present age to the extent that, without higher qualifications, employment and success become very difficult to achieve. Parents are trying to send their children to tertiary institutions so that these children will be employable. But the question is: Do parents choose the tertiary institutions for their children? The paper wants to find out whether or not parents have a say in their childrenâ€™s choice for tertiary institution; and if so, look at factors that could play in the choice. A survey was conducted at the University of Venda from February 2015 to June 2015 and 500 students were conveniently sampled and interviewed. Using some statistical analyses, including Generalized Linear Modelling (GLM), the study concludes that age and the campus environment are the only factors that determine parentsâ€™ influence on their childrenâ€™s choice for higher education. The study further shows that female students are more influenced by their parents than males in the choice of higher institution.
Antioxidantes naturales y su poder reductor frente a iones plata: alternativa en la recuperación de metales
Authors: Meléndez Balbuena Lidia , Cabrera Vivas Blanca Martha , Soto López Ismael , Castro Lino Alejandra , Ramírez García Juan Carlos
Published: February 2020

La contaminación de las aguas de ríos y mares por la presencia de metales es un problema de escala mundial debido principalmente al impacto de los relaves mineros. Se ha demostrado científicamente que, además de causar algunos de los problemas ambientales más graves, la exposición a metales en determinadas circunstancias es la causa de la degradación y muerte de vegetación, ríos, animales e incluso de daños directos en el ser humano, por lo que es esencial buscar formas para eliminarlos, o al menos reducir su impacto.

Este trabajo muestra los resultados obtenidos del comportamiento reductor de extractos de plantas frente a iones de plata, un proceso donde, en lugar de usar reactivos sintéticos, método simple y económico, los extractos son químicos utilizados como reactivos en la recuperación de un metal. Extractos que contienen sustancias antioxidantes como flavonoides, taninos y compuestos fenólicos, que son metabolitos secundarios de muchas plantas, cuya actividad antioxidante desempeña un papel fundamental en los procesos de reducción. Los extractos de plantas estudiados fueron los siguientes: diente de león (Taraxacun officianale), perejil (Petroselinum crispum) y hierbabuena (Camellia sinensis). Se realizaron pruebas analíticas de la identificación cualitativa de la presencia en los extractos acuosos de los flavonoides, ácidos fenólicos responsables de su poder reductor.

El poder reductor de los extractos fue probado a través de la formación de nanopartículas de plata, y monitoreando los espectros UV-Vis con la aparición de la banda del plasmón característico de nanopartículas metálicas, así como a través de la recuperación de la plata en forma de sólido limpio y brillante con buenos rendimientos, se cuantificó el rendimiento de la plata obtenida con cada uno de los extractos de plantas utilizados. A partir de los resultados obtenidos se puede concluir que es viable utilizar extractos vegetales para la reducción de metales y de esta forma recuperar metales en forma metálica.
PENGARUH BAP DAN NAA TERHADAP WAKTU PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KANTONG SEMAR (Nepenthes adrianii) SECARA IN-VITRO
Authors: Nuryadin Egi Nuryadin
Published: February 2020

Nepenthes adrianii (a carnivorous plant) is an endemic carnivorous plant of  Mount Slamet, which is listed the convention on international trade of endangered species ( CITES). One potential posses Nepenthes adrianii the biological control of insects and plants medicine. The objectives of this study were to: 1) know concentration BAP and NAA optimal and know the time appear the emergence of shoots , roots and leaves. This research has been carried out experimentally. That stage of growth in bring up shoots, roots and leaves use a Completely Randomised Design on a two factors factorial pattern was used.  The first factor was BAP concentrations with 4 levels 0 µM, 5 µM, 10 µM, and 15 µM.  The second factor was NAA concentration with 4 levels 0 µM, 0,5 µM, 1 µM, and 1,5 µM. The research results showed germination of seeds in plants Nepenthes adrianii using media vacin and went (VW) with the addition of substance of a substance controller of growing BAP 4 mM produce quite a lot germination and treatment 10 mM BAP and 0,5 mM NAA is the fastest in time to occur , appear leaves and appear roots.
HYMENOPTERA PARASITOIDS AND ITS PERCENTAGE OF PARASITIZATION ON VARIOUS LEAF EATING CATERPILLAR IN CIKASUNGKA OIL PALM PLANTATION PTPN VIII, CINDALI, BOGOR
Authors: Indra Putra Ichsan luqmana
Published: February 2020

Palm oil is one of the plantation commodities in Indonesia and had widespread in Indonesia. One of pests that attack oil palm is insect, and the most damaging pests usually from Lepidoptera. The aim of this study was to determine the parasitoids that parasitize palm leaf-eating pests in the oil palm plantation of PTPN VIII Cindali, Bogor. The study was conducted in 6 blocks of PTPN VIII Cindali oil palm plantation from September 2014 - June 2015 with observations once a month. Sample was taken by means of each block taken 5 plants in every plots randomly to be observed and palm leaf-eating insects taken to kept until the parasitoid was emerged. The outgoing parasitoids then counted and identificated. The results of the study founds 6 species of palm leaf-eating pests and 5 species of Hymenoptera parasitoids that parasitize these pests. Pests that found were Setora nitens, Amatissa sp., Birthosea bisura, Mahasena corbetti, Metisa plana and Pseudococcus sp. Whereas parasitoids that found were Spinaria spinator, Charops bicolor, Telenomus podisi, Aphanogmus sp. and Acerophagus sp.
The The differences in Biological, Chemical and Physical Qualities of Well Water In Various Soil Textures in Tegalsari, Banyuwangi
Authors: Saputri Indar aning , Waluyo Joko , Iqbal Mochammad
Published: February 2020

Water is a natural resource which is needed for his life by all sentient beings is therefore important to know the quality of the water before consumption. The condition and texture of soil can affect the quality of the water. In district of Tegalsari Banyuwangi Regency that has a textured ground clay loam and loam water murky conditions, smelling the salty taste while in other regions the same in the sandy loam textured soil condition the water crystal clear, odorless and not felt. This research was conducted to find out the difference in the quality of biology, chemistry and physics there is ground water well textured clay loam, loam and sandy loam. Water quality test using 3 parameters i.e. biological parameter using the method of the test chemical, MPN includes the measurement of pH, and DO, test of physics include the measurement of TDS and organoleptic color, smell and taste. Research results based on biological and chemical parameters showed that water wells on the land of textured clay loam, loam and sandy loam worthy for consumption, while based on physical parameters (TDS) water well on clay loam textured soil proved to be not worth value consumed with TDS > 500 mg/l. In organoleptik water wells are fit to be consumed is water wells on the land of textured sandy loam because the water is colorless, odorless and tasteless No. The entire research results have been adjusted to PERMENKES RI No. 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010.
Identifikasi Morfologi Spesies Sibling Anopheles vagus vagusdan Anopheles vagus limosusAsal Desa Bangsring, Banyuwangi
Authors: Wahyuni Ika , Senjarini Kartika , Oktarianti Rike , Wathon Syubbanul , Nur Uswatul Hasanah Lailly
Published: February 2020

Spesies sibling merupakan spesies –spesies yang memiliki kemiripan ciri morfologi serta terjadi isolasi reproduksi dalam suatu populasi. Identifikasi spesies sibling sangat penting dilakukan karena setiap spesies memiliki perbedaan kapasitas vektorial.Pengetahuan yang komprehensif mengenai identitas vektor Anophelespenting dalam upaya pengendalian penyakit malaria berbasis vektor. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi karakter morfologi An.vagus vagusdan An. vagus limosusasal Desa Bangsring Banyuwangi. Identifikasi morfologi dilakukan dengan mengamati bagian kaki, palpus, proboscis dan sayap dengan menggunakan mikroskop stereo berdasarkan beberapa buku kunci identifikasi. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa An. vagusvagusmemiliki karakteristik kaki tidak berbercak, proboscis dengan gelang pucat dan prehumeral sayap dengan pita pucat diantara dua pita gelap. Sedangkan An. vagus limosus memiliki karakteristik kaki tidak berbercak, proboscis keseluruhan gelap dan prehumeral sayap dengan pita gelap seluruhnya.
Profile of Creative Thinking Skills Students in One of Public Junior High School in Surakarta
Authors: Salsabila Hafsah
Published: February 2020

This study aims to determine the creativity students in one of the State Junior High School (JHS) in Surakarta. The method used in this research is descriptive method. The population in this study is all students of class VII and VIII SMP. The sampling technique uses stratified random sampling with the number of samples are 50 students. Creative thinking skills using written tests which developed by Dian Purnaman Sari (2017). Creative indicators consisting of fluency, flexibility, authenticity and detail. Data analysis techniques use descriptive statistics. The results showed that the level creativity of student in creative enough category, with level of fluency: 1,4, flexibility: 1, authenticity: 1,6, and detail: 1.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PREZI BERBASIS MNEMONIC PADA MATERI KLASIFIKASI MAKHLUK HIDUP
Authors: Iman Fauzul Fauzul
Published: February 2020

ABSTRAK
Penggunaan media pembelajaran yang terintegrasi teknologi diharapkan dapat mempermudah dalam menyampaikan informasi. Selain itu juga diharapkan dapat terjadinya proses pembelajaran yang interaktif. Salah satu pembelajaran yang interaktif yaitu media pembelajaran prezi. Media pembelajaran prezi akan lebih interaktif apabila berbasis mnemonic. Materi yang sesuai untuk media pembelajaran yang berbasis mnemonic adalah klasifikasi makhluk hidup, karena materi klasifikasi makhluk hidup membutuhkan media pembelajaran yang dapat mengurutkan tingkatan takson. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengembangan dan kelayakan dari media pembelajaran prezi. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development) media prezi berbasis mnemonic dimodifikasi dari model R & D dari Borg and Gall. Validasi oleh ahli materi mendapat kriteria sangat baik dengan persentase sebesar 88%, validasi oleh ahli media mendapat kriteria sangat baik dengan persentase sebesar 92%, dan validasi oleh ahli bahasa mendapat kriteria sangat baik dengan persentase sebesar 84%. Uji coba produk dilakukan oleh 22 orang peserta didik, mendapat kriteria sangat baik dengan persentase sebesar 90,98%. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa media prezi berbasis mnemonic valid dan layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran pada materi klasifikasi makhluk hidup.
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS TUMBUHAN PAKU TERESTRIAL DI KAWASAN HUTAN DENGAN TUJUAN KHUSUS (KHDTK) BANTEN
Authors: KURNIASIH YUNITA
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This study aims to determine the types of terrestrial ferns that exist in KHDTK (Kawasan Hutan Dengan Tujuan Khusus), the frequency and relative frequency of terrestrial ferns, the relative dominance and dominance of terrestrial ferns, the important value index of terrestrial ferns, and the dominance index of terrestrial ferns. The research method used was descriptive method with purposive sampling technique by looking at the composition of species and number of ferns in a particular area. This study was used to describe the species diversity of  ferns in KHDTK (Kawasan Hutan Dengan Tujuan Khusus), Pandeglang, Banten. Observations on environmental conditions include light intensity, environmental temperature, environmental humidity, soil pH, and altitude. The results of the research obtained were the discovery of three species of ferns in KHDTK, namely Selaginella plana, Lygodium salicifolium, and Diplazium esculentum. The highest INP is found in Selaginella plana and the lowest is found in Diplazium esculentum. Selaginella plana is more dominant than other species namely Lygodium salicifolium and Diplazium esculentum.
Menyusun Soal Literasi Saintifik untuk Pembelajaran Biologi Topik Plantae dan Animalia
Authors: Setiawan Adib Rifqi
Published: February 2020

Tujuan dari survei lintas bagian ini ialah untuk menemukan keabsahan dan keadanalan tes literasi saintifik untuk pembelajaran biologi di topik plantae dan animalia. Untuk mengungkap keabsahan, diuji berdasarkan penilaian ahli dan keandalan diukur menggunakan konsistensi inernal. Diperoleh bahwa keabsahan dari topik plantae ialah 5 soal sangat layak dan 1 soal cukup layak dengan nilai keandalan sebesar 0,779 serta keabsahan dari topik animalia ialah 4 soal sangat layak dan 2 soal cukup layak dengan nilai keandalan sebesar 0,869. Ini menunjukkan bahwa semua soal dapat digunakan untuk menganalisis kesulitan siswa sebagai bahan merancang rencana pembelajaran biologi berorientasi literasi saintifik di topik plantae dan animalia.
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA FOTONOVELA TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA KONSEP KERUSAKAN LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Noniwindayani Noni Windayani
Published: February 2020

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada konsep kerusakan lingkungan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu true exsperiment dengan populasi seluruh kelas X IPA sebanyak 6 kelas dengan jumlah peserta didik 213 orang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan disalah satu SMA di kabupaten Ciamis. Sample diambil menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling sebanyak 2 kelas. Untuk mengukur hasil belajar peserta didik, digunakan instrumen berupa tes pilihan ganda berjumlah 42 soal. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji anacova dengan 0,05. Uji anacova menunjukan corrected model sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 sehingga Ho ditolak. Hal ini menunjukan ada pengaruh media fotonovela terhadap hasil belajar.  Hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai N-Gain pada hasil belajar dikelas eksperimen dalam kategori sedang.
KEANEKARAGAMAN TANAMAN PAKU (PTERIDOPHYTA) DI JALUR CIWALEN TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG GEDE PANGRANGO, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Puspita Ervina
Published: February 2020

Abstrak
Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango merupakan salah satu zona konservasi di Jawa yang memiliki keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi. Di taman nasional ini tumbuh berbagai jenis tumbuhan paku. Tumbuhan paku adalah tanaman yang paling tua di bumi, baik dalam bentuk dan habitat, namun menunjukkan keanekaragaman yang besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui spesies tumbuhan paku yang berada di Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango, Jawa Barat yang dilakukan pada tanggal 3 - 5 November 2017. Metode yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini ialah metode deskriptif dengan teknik purposive sampling. Spesies yang ditemukan dan dideskripsikan sebanyak sepuluh spesies, yaitu Elaphoglossum sp., Thelypteridaceae, Nephrolepis sp., Cyclosorus sp., 2 jenis Diplazium sp., Diplazium proliferum, Cyathae sp., Stenochlaena sp., Hymenophyllum sp., Athyrium sp..
P PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN POE (PREDICT-OBSERVE-EXPLAIN) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR DAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PESERTA DIDIK PADA KONSEP KEANEKARAGAMAN HAYATI
Authors: Nurfiyani Indah Okta
Published: February 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran POE terhadap hasil belajar dan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada konsep keanekaragaman hayati di kelas X SMA Islam Cipasung Singaparna tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September  sampai bulan Oktober 2019. Metode yang digunakan adalah true exsperiment. Populasi seluruh kelas X MIPA SMA Islam Cipasung Singaparna sebanyak 6 kelas, dengan jumlah sebanyak 215 orang dan sampel 2 kelas, diambil dengan teknik cluster random sampling yaitu kelas X MIPA 1 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas X MIPA 4 sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes hasil belajar berupa soal multiple choice sebanyak 32 butir soal dan tes kemampuan berpikir kritis berupa soal uraian sebanyak 12 butir soal. Teknik pengolahan dan analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji ANCOVA dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh model pembelajaran POE terhadap hasil belajar dan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada konsep keanekaragaman hayati di kelas X MIPA SMA Islam Cipasung Singaparna Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020.
Identifikasi Tumbuhan Famili Solanaceae Yang Terdapat Di Kecamatan Tugumulyo
Authors: Febrianti Yuli
Published: February 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis tumbuhan famili Solanaceae di Kecamatan Tugumulyo. Adapun jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif eksplorasi. Teknik pengambilan data dengan observasi dan wawancara. Cara kerja yang dilakukan yaitu observasi lapangan dan observasi laboratorium. Data yang diperoleh dari penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif, yaitu dengan mencocokkan ciri-ciri sampel yang telah ditemukan dengan buku acuan yaitu buku karangan Gembong Tjitrosoepomo tahun 2010 dan Van Steenis., et al tahun 2008. Hasil penelitian didapat 5 genus dan 11 species yaitu Genus Solanum diperoleh 6 species: Solanum indicum (Terung peuheur), Solanum lycopersicum (Tomat), Solanum melongena (Terung), Solanum nigrum (Leunca) dan Solanum torvum (Takokak), Solanum tuberosum (Kentang). Kemudian genus Capsicum diperoleh 2 species: Capsicum annum (Cabe merah) dan Capsicum frutescens (Cabe rawit), genus Datura diperoleh 1 species: Datura metel (Kecubung), genus Brugmansia diperoleh 1 species: Cestrum nocturnum (Harum Dalu), dan genus Physalis diperoleh 1 species: Physalis angulata (Ceplukan).
Analisis Vegetasi di Sekitar DAS Kali Gendol (Area Bebeng) Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi
Authors: Ismana Larasati Nindya , Agnes Rifka , Amalia Brilliani Oktian , Kurniawati Rekhisa , Amalia Luthfia Putri , Shafira Istu Hanan
Published: February 2020

Abstrak
TNGM memiliki jenis ekologi yang unik, ekologi di wilayah sekitar gunung merapi seringkali mengalami perubahan ekosistem. Sejalan dengan kedinamisan ekosistem TNGM yang dipaparkan sebelumnya maka vegetasi yang berubah perlu diidentifikasi dan dianalisis untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman dan kondisi ekosistemnya pasca erupsi 2010. Metode pengambilan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan observasi langsung menggunakan pembuatan petak kuadrat, analisis vegetasi, quadrat sampling techniques dan prinsip representative. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif hasil observasi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah wilayah observasi memiliki 4 habitus utama yaitu lumut, herba, semak, dan tegakan. Dominansi dengan indeks nilai penting (INP) yang tertinggi pada setiap habitus meliputi Bryopsida sp. dengan INP 300% untuk lumut , Viburnum sp. dengan INP 87.43% untuk herba, Carex sp. dengan INP 132.63% untuk semak, dan Acacia sp. dengan INP 300% untuk tegakan. Sedangkan speies dengan dominasi paling rendah pada setiap  habitus meliputi Euphorbia sp. dengan INP 8.97% untuk herba dan Ageratina sp. Dengan INP 37.31% untuk semak.
Kata kunci: TNGM, Vegetasi, quadrat sampling techniques
 
Abstract
TNGM has unique type of ecology, the ecology in the area around Mount Merapi often undergoes ecosystem changes. In line with the dynamics of the TNGM ecosystem described before, changing vegetation needs to be identified and analyzed to find the diversity and condition of the ecosystem after the 2010 eruption. Data collection methods in this study were carried out by direct observation using quadratic plot making, vegetation analysis, quadrat sampling techniques and representative principles. Analysis of the data is descriptive analysis of observations. The results of this study are the observation area has 4 main habitus namely mosses, herbs, shrubs, and stands. Dominance with the highest importance value index (INP) in each habitus includes Bryopsida sp. with 300% INP for moss, Viburnum sp. with INP 87.43% for herbs, Carex sp. with INP 132.63% for shrubs, and Acacia sp. with a 300% INP for stands. While the species with the lowest dominance in each habitus include Euphorbia sp. with INP 8.97% for herbs and Ageratina sp. With INP 37.31% for shrubs.
Keywords: TNGM, Vegetation, quadrat sampling techniques
Analisis Vegetasi Gunung Merapi Menggunakan Quadrat Sampling Techniques
Authors: Wijayani Ni Kadek Sri Ayu , Nurvita Yulia , Widyaningsih Lestari , Kusumadyanta Vania diah salsabila , Fajriyati Ismi nur , Rahayu Aulia eka
Published: February 2020

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman vegetasi dan dominansi pada areal penelitian di kawasan Gunung Merapi menggunakan teknik quadrat sampling setelah terjadi suksesi pasca 9 tahun erupsi. Data klimatik dan edafik yang diukur antara lain, suhu udara; suhu tanah; kelembaban udara; pH tanah di daerah Kinahrejo, Umbulharjo, Cangkringan, Sleman. Penelitian ini menggunakan 2 area plot yaitu plot 1 ( bantaran sungai bekas aliran lahar dingin), plot 2 (sungai bekas aliran lahar dingin). Teknik analisis data yang digunakan berupa  analisis deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh tumbuhan dari 25 famili dan terdapat 36 spesies yang terbagi dalam 4 habitus. Vegetasi habitus Lichen, Parmelia saxalitas yang memiliki rerata INP tertinggi dengan jumlah 154,9509% yang ada di plot 2, Habitus herba dengan indeks nilai tertinggi adalah Cynodon dactylon 158,5050%. Indeks nilai penting tertinggi habitus semak adalah tumbuhan kelas Poaceae 64,6450 % pada plot 1, berjumlah 6 koloni. Indeks penting tertinggi habitus tegakan yaitu Tamarindus indica 124,3808 % yang berada di plot 1.
Abstract
This research aims to determine the diversity of vegetation and dominance in the research area in the Mount Merapi area using a quadrat sampling technique after a succession after 9 years of eruption. Climatic and edaphic data measured include air temperature; soil temperature; humidity; Soil pH in the area of ​​Kinahrejo, Umbulharjo, Cangkringan, Sleman. This research uses 2 plot areas, namely plot 1 (riverbanks of cold lava flow), plot 2 (river of cold lava flow). The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis. Based on the research results obtained by plants from 25 families and there are 36 species that are divided into 4 habitus. Lichen habitus vegetation, Parmelia saxalitas which had the highest INP rate with 154.9509% in plot 2, herbaceous herbals with value index the highest is Cynodon dactylon 158.5050%. The highest importance index of shrub habitus was 64,6450% Poaceae grade plants in plot 1, totaling 6 colonies. The highest important index of stand habitus is Tamarindus indica 124.3808% which is in plot 1.
Profil Miskonsepsi Materi Jaringan Tumbuhan pada Mahasiswa Biologi dan Pendidikan Biologi Salah Satu Perguruan Tinggi di Surakarta
Authors: Giyanti Aullya Retno , Fitriana Arin Laila , Devitasari Ayuni , Prayitno Baskoro Adi
Published: February 2020

A person’s understanding of a material is very important to know the level of success of a learning. Misconceptionis a condition where the recipient of the material understands concepts that are not in accordance with scientific theory. If the misconception is not immadiately dealt with, the subsequent learning will be hampered. Using a multiple choice diagnostic test instrument aided by CRI (Certainly Response Index). Samples were taken with a stratified proportionate random sampling of 15% carried out in December 2019 in one of the tertiary institution in Surakarta. Yhe method used was quantitative descriptive analysis with data collection techniques through the questionnaire methode. The results of this study showed 35% of student who experienced misconceptions, 15% did not know the concept, and 50% of students already know the concept. Besides that, between students of biology and biology education who take semesters 3 and 5 have a level of misconception that is not much different, namely 2%.
Power Normalizing Modified Hysteresis Controlled Inverter for Varying Irradiation and Temperature in Solar PV Modules
Authors: Patidar Vishnu Kumar , Khare Mr. Anurag
Published: February 2020

Worldwide renewable energy resources, especially solar energy, are growing dramatically in view of energy shortage and environmental concerns. This work are provide variable radiation and variable temperature input to each solar module and study its effect on the power output from the system. The work should extract maximum power in these varying input conditions from the solar system. And to stabilize and improve the active power output from the solar system by designing an efficient controller for the inverter for DC to AC conversion. Enhance the system reliability and efficiency by integrating it with the grid via a transformer with the desired grid voltage and frequency. The computational methodology of the proposed modulation technique is very easy and the technique can be applied to multilevel inverter with any number of levels. This implementation would be preferable in the solar system having different input parameters and still give output power stable and efficient.
Delay Optimization and Power Optimization of 4-Bit ALU Designed in FS-GDI Technique
Authors: Saxena Rimjhim , Sharma Kiran
Published: February 2020

In this thesis proposed a reduction of delay, leakage current, leakage power. First find out the leakage current and leakage power. This thesis uses a gate diffusion input technique. By using this no of transistor is reduced. If number of transistor is reduced, area is also reduced, leakage current also affected. To study all parameter in this thesis uses a 2x1 MUX, 4x1MUX,16x1 MUX and ALU. Applying a GDI technique and also implemented by using a CMOS technique. Then do comparisons on GDI and CMOS technique and do a capacitance calculation. To implement all those things use a microwind 3.1 and DSCH 2.0. It is an Electronic Design Automation (EDA) environment that allows implementing a integrating in a single framework different applications and tools, allowing supporting all the stages of IC design and verification from a single environment. The resulting layout must verify some geometric rules dependent on the technology (design rules). Now checked with a Design Rule Checker (DRC) to find any error in the layout diagram and them simulation is performed. In implementing and do a comparisons of GDI and CMOS technique we get a 75% advantage in 2x1 MUX in counting the number of transistor. In 4x1 MUX we get again a 75% gain in the number of transistor. In 8x1 MUX, give a 78% benefits in the number of transistor. In 16x1 MUX, give a 81% benefits in the number of transistor. In 1 bit ALU give a 54% benefits in the number of transistor. If related power consumption, get a 74% benefits in comparisons of GDI and CMOS technique in 2x1 MUX. In 4x1mux give the advantage of 79% in the power consumption in comparisons of GDI and CMOS technique. In 8x1mux give the advantage of 78% in the power consumption in comparisons of GDI and CMOS technique. In 16x1mux give the advantage of 79% in the power consumption comparisons of GDI and CMOS technique. In bit ALU give the advantage of 64% in the power consumption in comparisons of GDI and CMOS technique.
RELIGIOUS EXTREMISM AND RADICALISATION OF MUSLIMS IN MALAYSIA:
Authors: Akhmetova Elmira , Jaafar Muhammad Izzuddin
Published: February 2020

This study discusses the reasons behind the rise of religious extremism in Malaysia within the framework of international politics and the world order by highlighting the ties of Malay Muslims with the Mujahidin, Al Qaeda and the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) over the last four decades. For that purpose, a qualitative analytical approach is used, referencing secondary sources such as academic journal articles and scholarly books. In understanding the situation, online newspaper articles were also considered as secondary sources to extract the data to understand the destructive situation in Malaysia, which has gradually become a fertile ground for the sowing of radical ideas. The paper highlights that since the 1970s, religious extremism and radicalism have intensified due to the Cold War politics, the conflict between Palestine and Israel, and, later, foreign invasions of Muslim nation-states, giving rise to many local religious extremist groups with their relations to international extremist groups. Analysis of the secondary sources reveals the existence of a radical understanding of Islam by a substantial portion of the population, thus suggesting that the authorities should pay attention to extremist influences on the moderate nature of social relations in multi-ethnic and multi-religious Malaysia. At the same time, the paper argues that this negative transformation cannot be explained by external factors alone, as the internal factors have played an important role in the radicalisation of Malay society. The paper concludes with several practical recommendations such as improvisation of religious education that emphasises on peaceful cohesion, and discontinuation of foreign intervention policies and overgeneralisations. These recommendations are to regulate the escalation of extremism and radical understanding of Islam in Malaysia, which considerably threatens national security and citizens’ wellbeing.
 
Keywords: Al Qaeda, ISIS, Islamic radicalism in Malaysia, mujahidin, religious extremism.
 
Cite as: Jaafar, M. I., & Akhmetova, E. (2020). Religious extremism and radicalisation of Muslims in Malaysia: The Malay ties with the Mujahidin, Al Qaeda and ISIS.  Journal of Nusantara Studies, 5(1), 104-123. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol5iss1pp104-123
ASSESSING ECONOMIC IMPACT OF MICROCREDIT SCHEME: A REVIEW OF PAST STUDIES ON AMANAH IKHTIAR MALAYSIA (AIM)
Authors: Muda Noor Syafinas , Tuan Lonik Ku 'Azam
Published: February 2020

Background and Purpose: Microcredit scheme was introduced to provide credit facilities for poor people to start a business activity. Microcredit creates income-generating self-employment activities that allow poor people to venture into small businesses and achieve economic independence. The scheme has been recognised as a successful tool to uplift the socio-economic status among the poor. Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia (AIM) is the largest microfinance institution in Malaysia and therefore, its impact on the beneficiaries is crucial to be studied. This paper aims at reviewing the economic impact of AIM based on the existing literature.
 
Methodology: Four electronic databases, which are Scopus, Science Direct, Springer and Ebscohost were used to search the literature. Subsequently 118 articles were generated from this search. However, only 13 articles which met the selection criteria were analysed. We selected only empirical studies that focused on the economic impact of AIM.
 
Findings: Results of the review showed that income has dominated the economic impact assessment followed by asset, economic vulnerability and spending. Low concentration on the indicators other than income should be noted especially on spending as it provides a clear evidence that the recipients enjoy the economic well-being in terms of consumption expenditure.
 
Contribution: This review reveals that microcredit has a great potential to uplift the economic status of the poor.
 
Keywords: Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia, asset, economic impact, income, microcredit.
 
Cite as: Muda, N. S., & Tuan Lonik, K. A. (2020). Assessing economic impact of microcredit scheme: A review of past studies on Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia (AIM).  Journal of Nusantara Studies, 5(1), 124-142. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol5iss1pp124-142
SCHOOL PRINCIPALS AND 21ST CENTURY LEADERSHIP CHALLENGES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Adams Donnie , Muthiah Vicneswary
Published: February 2020

Background and Purpose: This systematic review article focuses on leadership challenges encountered by school principals in the 21st century. International evidence indicates principal leadership affects school and student performance. However, little systematic review has been carried out on the issue. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to analyse the existing literature on leadership challenges faced by school principals in the 21st century.
 
Methodology: Following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, a systematic review was done on two main databases, Web of Science and Scopus. There were three main stages in the process: identification of keywords, screening of articles, and determination of the articles. This resulted in a ﬁnal database of 16 eligible documents.  
 
Findings: The review of these documents resulted in three main themes – personal challenges, school context, and stakeholders, and 11 sub-themes. There were three subthemes for personal challenges such as lack of knowledge and skills, while school context challenges can be divided into six sub-themes such as lack of trained staff and inadequate facilities and resources. The two subthemes for stakeholders challenges are negative attitudes of parents and interventions from the Ministry.
 
Contributions: This systematic review expands the literature of principalship in the 21st Century by highlighting the challenges faced in the context of North American, African, European, and Australian schools. Further work on the challenges faced by school principals in other continents should be carried out to achieve a better understanding on the issue.
 
Keywords: 21st century, challenges, principal leadership, school leadership, systematic review.
 
Cite as: Adams, D., & Muthiah, V. (2020). School principals and 21st century leadership challenges: A systematic review.  Journal of Nusantara Studies, 5(1), 189-210. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol5iss1pp189-210