bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social support for integration practices of Ukrainian veterans in higher education
Authors:   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University 6, Svobody Sq., Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine, Sokurianska L. H. , Bataeva Е. V. ,   Kharkiv University of Humanities “People’s Ukrainian Academy” 27, Lermontovska Str., Kharkiv, 61000, Ukraine, Golikov A. S. ,   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University 6, Svobody Sq., Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine
Published: August 2021

The article studies the features of social adaptation of veteran students in Ukrainian universities. The motivation of Ukrainian veterans to enter universities has been analysed. The main problems of their social adaptation to the university environment are revealed. Some results of five in-depth semi-structured interviews with veteran students in Kharkiv universities are presented. In particular, the value foundations of veterans’ motivation to enrol in universities have been identified. It is emphasised that veteran students perceive higher education as both terminal and instrumental value. Attention is focused on the fact that the value ambivalence influenced the educational motivation of veterans, for whom entering the university is an opportunity, on the one hand, to become an educated and self-realised person (terminal value) and, on the other hand, to have a good salary, make a career, take a higher status position in society (instrumental value). The positive influence of the military experience of veterans on their educational practices has been revealed. The opinion of most respondents is given regarding the fact that the army has taught them discipline, punctuality, which made them more self-confident. It is concluded that military experience contributes to developing some metacognitive learning skills in veterans, such as discipline and punctuality. The problems of academic integration of veteran students are considered. It is emphasised that veteran students do not experience difficulties in communication with other students and teachers and are not inclined to segregate from them. At the same time, there is little involvement of Ukrainian veterans in the university environment, which can be optimized in terms of social support for veterans in Ukrainian higher education. The author’s model of social support for student veterans in Ukrainian universities is presented.
Empirical identification of the competence level of respondents in mass polls
Authors:   Institute of Sociology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 21, Shovkovychna Str., Kyiv, 01021, Ukraine, Stegnii O. G.
Published: August 2021

Paper dwells upon the methodological problems of empirical identification of respondents’ competence in mass surveys as a factor of reliability of empirical sociological knowledge in public space. In modern conditions of public life digitalisation, comprehensive access to various information sources is seen as an information management skill and an element of media literacy, primarily the sensitivity to distorted media content. This competence forms the respondents’ factual knowledge about the survey subject. The subjects of public opinion are the respondents of national representative surveys. The discursive aspect of the empirical sociological knowledge reliability determines the relevance of considering the social context of public opinion formation. The focus is on the differences between public opinion and mass sentiment. Public opinion is based primarily on knowledge of social reality, while the mass attitude is mainly a situational emotional attitude to such a reality. The author analyses the influence of the subjects of the media space on the level of respondents’ competence, in particular, the effect of replacing respondents’ own opinion with the reproduction of the narrative of the relevant media content. As a result, a wrong worldview is formed with an inadequate assessment by respondents of the activities of individual political figures and events in national history. The existing imbalance between the articulation of interest in socio-political issues and the patterns of political activity is recognized. The importance of methodological procedures for identifying the level of respondents’ competence, factual knowledge of the subject of the survey is emphasized. Evaluation judgments should be based on the respondent’s awareness of the nature of the questions asked, which is checked using special filters. At the same time, the pollster-sociologist is responsible for both the tools, the correspondence of the survey subject to the level of respondents’ competence, and the meaningful interpretation of the published data. This requirement is getting more essential in mass surveys on sensitive socio-political issues.
Discourse-structure of social cohesion as a category of social policy: experience of critical discourse-analysis application
Authors:   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University 4, Svobody Sq., Kharkiv, 61122, Ukraine, Deineko O. O.
Published: August 2021

The article is dedicated to identifying the discourses of social cohesion as a category of social policy, constructed by the textual structures of national governments, intergovernmental associations and international organisations documents. The paper is performed in the frame of a discourse-analytical approach; discursive events define the normative acts of national governments, intergovernmental associations, and international organizations during the 90s – 2000s, devoted to the issue of social cohesion; definitions of social cohesion and “textual situations” of their use are chosen as units of analysis. Based on the critical discourse analysis of N. Fairclough’s and some provisions of E. Laclau and S. Mouffe’s discourse approach, the author (re)constructs a discourse-structure of social cohesion, presented by discourses of social solidarity, neoliberalism, inclusion (involvement) and materialism. These discourses are further composed into interdiscursive spaces of neoliberalism and traditionalism. The need for methodological caution in the uncritical scholars’ application of political-legal definitions of social cohesion is emphasised to prevent the spread of constructed discursive ideologemes. It is concluded that social cohesion appears as a chameleon discourse, which content is not only socio-culturally, historically, politically contextual, but also chronologically dynamic (systemically fluid). The article emphasises the dominant positioning of social cohesion as an instrument of state policy, a “universal cure” for the social diseases and all the “best” against all the “worst” that ideologizes this concept, making it artificially dogmatic. The paper identifies “empty signs” of social cohesion discourses and the point of “hegemony intervention”. Considering delusions of the political-legal discourse of social cohesion, the relevance of applying a dialectical strategy for defining social cohesion within academic discourse is highlighted.
Middle-aged and elderly MSM: why is it difficult to engage in HIV service organizations
Authors:   Eurasian Coalition on Rights, Health, Gender and Sexual Diversity (ECOM) Pärnu mnt, 142, office 13502, Tallinn, 11317, Estonia, Kasianczuk M. H. , Varban M. Yu. ,   International Charitable Foundation "International HIV/AIDS Alliance in Ukraine", Kornilova M. S. ,   Alliance for Public Health 24 bld. 3, Bulvarno-Kudryavska Str., Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine, Trofymenko O. V. ,   Institute of Sociology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 12, Shovkovychna Str., Kyiv, 01021, Ukraine
Published: August 2021

The study (30 semi-structured interviews in 5 administrative-territorial units of Ukraine) covers men who have sex with men (MSM), middle-aged and elderly (over 35 years) to understand certain factors, which should be considered when planning new services or already those available in prevention projects. The authors tried to describe the lifestyle of middle-aged and elderly MSM as a power for mature individuals. The article describes that one of the main factors influencing the involvement of this socio-demographic group in the activities of HIV service organizations is the competition of the proposed services with other leisure activities, and the concept of services must meet the needs of potential clients (in the field of health, relationships with partners and their hobbies), daily life schedule and the use of ways to communicate with other members of the LGBT community. MSM and LGBT organisations should create a safe physical and psychological environment, advise on ageing, divorce, introduce safer models of living in stressful situations, support and shape behaviours aimed at maintaining health, forming a healthy lifestyle, and improving its quality both in the context of socialisation of clients, and preservation or restoration of sexual attractiveness and activity. Clients should be able to choose the services that best suit their needs from a wide range (including for same- and heterosexual couples) and how to receive services (with or without a visit to the organisation’s office). The organization of services should create a recognizable face of each organisation within the city or region and not offer the same set of services). The study has some limitations, mainly the impossibility of generalising the information obtained to the entire study population due to the purely qualitative nature of the applied methodology. The study group (MSM aged 35 years and older) consists of several distinct age groups, among which the oldest group had additional trauma in the past.
Relaciones de dominación en la literatura infantil y juvenil: la posición de la LIJ latinoamericana en el subcampo transnacional
Authors: Guijarro Arribas Delia
Published: August 2021

Esta nota analiza la posición de la literatura infantil y juvenil de América Latina a nivel internacional. Por un lado, el objetivo es mostrar la evolución de la posición de la LIJ latinoamericana gracias al desarrollo y la diversidad de la producción de libros infantiles y juveniles en América Latina, en particular en México, Colombia, Argentina y Brasil. Y, por otro lado, se pretende explicar por qué, a pesar de todo, su posición sigue siendo periférica en cuanto a las principales instancias internacionales de consagración de este tipo de literatura (IBBY, Feria Internacional del Libro Infantil y Juvenil de Bolonia, Biblioteca Juvenil Internacional de Múnich). Se pretende así poner de relieve, desde el punto de vista de la sociología de la literatura, las relaciones de dominación (entre lenguas y naciones) que rigen la literatura infantil y juvenil.
Educação (histórica) modeladora e negação do outro no Sul do Brasil
Authors: Picoli Bruno Antonio , Camine Lara Andrade , Caregnato Milena
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo apresenta questões sobre a educação histórica e as relações Eu-Outro baseadas na realidade de três municípios do Sul do Brasil, Arroio Trinta (SC), Treze Tílias (SC) e Áurea (RS), marcados pela (re)produção de uma história pública que enfatiza traços da cultura europeia imigrante. Problematiza essas narrativas, disponíveis em sites oficiais dos municípios, com base em pesquisa bibliográfica, especialmente Levinas e Gur-Ze’ev. Identifica a existência de uma educação modeladora e de histórias públicas, em cada um desses municípios, que negam e/ou atacam a outridade e criam obstáculos para o convívio pacífico entre diferentes. Conclui-se que, para a superação do etnocentrismo, é necessário o esforço para a construção de uma contramemória como ponto de partida para a contraeducação histórica, especialmente em tais localidades, distantes dos grandes centros urbanos, criando as oportunidades para o diálogo, para a ética e para a paz positiva.
Isolation of Lactobacillus species from fermented Parkia biglobosa seed and screening for their probiotic activity
Authors: Kuti K. , Hussaini I.M. , Usman A. , Isa A.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Food fermentation has been a tradition for decades due to its immense benefits. Lactic acid bacteria are known to possess probiotic potential due to various chemical antimicrobial substances they produce. This research was aimed at isolating Lactobacillus spp. from locally fermented locust beans and screening the isolates for their probiotic potential. A total of 20 samples of fermented locust beans (P. biglobosa) were collected and processed. The samples were inoculated onto de-Mann Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) media and incubated anaerobically. The isolates with characteristic colonial morphology of Lactobacillus sp. were characterized using Gram staining and biochemical tests. Lactobacillus spp. isolates were screened in-vitro for probiotic potential using the following parameters, tolerance of low pH, bile tolerance and antimicrobial activity. Four isolates of Lactobacillus species consisting of Lactobacillus fermentum and Lactobacillus plantarum were isolated from different fermented locust beans. All isolates showed tolerance to low pH and bile concentration of 3.04 and 0.3%, respectively. The Lactobacillus species isolates showed varying antibacterial activity against all test bacteria with isolate S06 (L. plantarum) showing the highest degree of antibacterial activity. In conclusion, the Lactobacillus species isolated from fermented locust beans can serve as probiotic candidate.
Prevalence and molecular mechanisms of colistin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Khoshbayan Amin , Shariati Aref , Shahmoradi Samane , Baseri Zohre , Mozafari Haniyeh , Darban-Sarokhalil Davood
Published: August 2021

Colistin is one of the last remaining active antibiotics against multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacteria. However, several recent studies reported colistin-resistant (ColR) Acinetobacter baumannii from different countries. In the current study, we investigated molecular mechanisms involved in colistin resistance in A. baumannii isolates from different clinical samples.

A total of 110 clinical A. baumannii isolates were collected from two hospitals in Tehran. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by broth microdilution according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. For the ColR isolates, mutation was detected in pmrA, pmrB, lpxA, lpxC, and lpxD genes using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Moreover, the relative expression of the pmrC gene was calculated using quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Three colistin resistant isolates were identified with MIC between 8 and 16 μg/mL and were resistant to all the tested antimicrobial agents. All the three isolates had a mutation in the pmrB, pmrA, lpxA, lpxD, and lpxC genes. Moreover, the overexpression of pmrC gene was observed in all isolates. Our results showed that the upregulation of the PmrAB two component system was the primary mechanism linked to colistin resistance among the studied colistin resistant A. baumannii isolates.
Wireless substitution : early release of estimates From the National Health Interview Survey, July-December 2020
Authors:   National Center for Health Statistics, Blumberg Stephen J. , Lake Julian V.
Published: August 2021

Using National Health Interview Survey data from the second six months of 2020, this Early Release report provides preliminary estimates of the percentages of adults and children living in homes with only wireless telephones.
Neo-deterministic seismic hazard maps of Kosovo
Authors: Brandmayr Enrico , Franco Vaccari , Fabio Romanelli , Gordana Vlahovic , Giuliano Francesco Panza
Published: August 2021

Kosovo is one of the most seismically active regions in Europe, lying within the Alpine-Mediterranean tectonic belt. Historical records for the region show several catastrophic earthquakes with epicentral intensity IX (MCS). However, due to Kosovo’s high population density, high prevalence of traditional construction, and insufficient enforcement of building codes, Kosovo is vulnerable to earthquake damage. In this study, we present earthquake hazard maps for bedrock conditions in Kosovo based on the well-known Neo-deterministic Seismic Hazard Assessment (NDSHA) method. NDSHA relies upon the fundamental physics of wave generation and propagation in complex geologic structures to generate realistic time series, used as input for the computation of several ground motion parameters, integrating the available knowledge of seismic history, seismogenic zones and morphostructural nodes. In accordance with continuum mechanics, the tensor nature of earthquake ground motion is preserved, producing realistic signals using structural models obtained by tomographic inversion and earthquake source information readily available in literature. Our maps are generally consistent with the observed intensity IX (MCS) and suggest that, in some instances, intensity X could be reached.
Comparative Analysis of the Market of Food Supplements in Russia, USA and China
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Lyabin Mikhail , Postnova Margarita ,   Volgograd State University, Bolkunov Alexey ,   Volgograd State University
Published: August 2021

This article is devoted to theoretical research of the market of food additives in Russia, the USA and China. The concept of food additives, their features, as well as aspects of the development and market conditions of food additives, such countries as Russia, China and the United States. The concepts of food ingredients and food stabilizers are specified. The use of micro-credits for the production of the main groups of food products is revealed. It shows the location of the largest markets for food additives in the countries studied, and describes in detail the benefits of importing food additives. Answers are found to the questions why domestic producers of food ingredients, in many cases, can not compete with foreign firms either in the nomenclature or in terms of production of a larger number of classes of food additives; and how the raw material category contributes to the optimization of production technology. The reasons complicating this competition are specified. The event, which became a “marker” for the food additives industry in 2014, is mentioned. Official definitions of food additives are disclosed, according to DSHEA (Law on health and education of food additives). The clarification is given due to what is carried out to ensure the growth of the market, and in what directions will develop Russian production in the near future.
Forest-Growing Conditions and State of Pine and Birch Species in the Northern Part of the Suburban Zone of Volgograd
Authors:   Federal Scientific Centre of Agroecology, Complex Melioration and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosheleva Olga , Koshelev Alexander ,   Federal Scientific Centre of Agroecology, Complex Melioration and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shinkarenko Stanislav ,   Federal Scientific Centre of Agroecology, Complex Melioration and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2021

The article presents the results of the assessment of forest conditions and the state of forest cultures of Scots pine and Silver birch in the suburban area of Volgograd. The relevance of the study is due to the need to select productive and resistant to dry conditions mixing schemes of tree species for the organization of forest-park areas in suburban areas of large cities. Studies were conducted on the example of a key area of 0,7 hectares in the northern part of the city. Soil forest availability was determined by the granulometric composition, organic matter content and groundwater level. Soil sections of light chestnut soils are described, the characteristics of the main physicochemical indicators of soils are given. A profile of groundwater occurrence has been compiled and its relationship with the relief of the site is shown. The condition of forest cultures was assessed by bonitet, stock and vital status of the stand. High vitality indicators of pine and birch testify to the optimal conditions for the growth of forest crops under dry pinery. The conducted research allowed recommending, during the silvicultural works in the north of the suburban zone of Volgograd, the cool way of mixing pine with birch to create highly productive and sustainable protective forest stands.
Prospects for Improving the Nature Protection Efficiency of the Wildlife Preserve of the Volgograd Region
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Kholodenko Anna , Grebennikova Aleksandra ,   Volgograd State University
Published: August 2021

Qualitative assessment of the current and perspective nature protection efficiency of specially protected natural areas as forms of the animals, plants biodiversity conservation directly in habitats and unique landscapes for optimization of territorial conservation is necessary. Environmental efficiency can be an assessment parameter of the completeness of the certain specially protected natural areas implementation, caused by its belonging to a category, the status, natural and ecological features of the territory. The technique developed by WWF of Russia in 2012 and published by M.S. Stishov is effective for such research. An advantage of this technique consists in an opportunity to estimate results in the sphere of conservation for some specially protected natural areas and their regional systems as in the current conditions, and in the long term, including at change ecological situations. Wildlife preserves areas of the Volgograd region which make 15 % of total number of natural protected areas of the region acted as the main object of research and occupy 26 % of the total area of protected areas, belong mainly to a faunal area. The contribution of wildlife preserves to the saving of regional biological and landscape diversity is very significant, especially in the absence of natural sanctuaries as a priority form of territorial conservation in the specially protected natural areas system of the Volgograd region. As a result of research, we estimated values of nature protection relevance, significance and effectiveness of wildlife preserves in the Volgograd region. Factors influencing realization of nature protection function by specially protected natural areas are allocated. The result received can be considered as a basis for plan of increase in the effectiveness of each wildlife preserve of the Volgograd region.
Studies of Floodplain Deposits in the Floodplain of Voja-River at S. Bagramovo
Authors:   Ryazan State University named S.A. Yesenin, Vorobyev Aleksey , Zaitsev Denis ,   Institute of Archaeology Russian Academy of Sciences, Kadyrov Aleksandr ,   Ryazan State University named S.A. Yesenin, Andreev Sergey ,   Tambov State University G.R. Derzhavina, Ostapenko Aleksandr ,   Centr of Science and Production «Chernozem’e», Lukyanov Maksim ,   Ryazan State University named S.A. Yesenin
Published: August 2021

Established the thickness of alluvium (loamy facia) on the segmental-maned and flattened floodplain of Voja-river near Bagramovo-village. Within the various morphological types of the floodplain, the presence of both relatively ancient and younger sites has been determined. Revealed spatial features of the distribution of the buried soils, their thickness in the profile, depth of occurrence. Showing the main features of the relief of the valley of Voja-river in the study area, the ratio of the width of the mainstream and floodplain, the presence of old channels, including significantly greater than the width of the modern channel of Voja-river.
Appearance of Heterosis in Onion Hybrids Obtained on Sterile Basis Applicated to Conditions of Azerbaijan
Authors:   Genetic Resources Institute of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Hasanov Sabir , Namazova Chimnaz ,   Genetic Resources Institute of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Abbaszadeh Zumrud ,   Genetic Resources Institute of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2021

The main goal of the study was to obtain hybrids having a heterositic effect using sterile lines of onions (Allium cepa L.) applicated to conditions of Azerbaijan. We used to study a valuable source material from the collection of the National Gene Bank of Azerbaijan. As a result of the combining ability evaluation of the sterile line and the pollinator, the most promising combinations (Arzamas S-1 × Hachmaz Mest, Luganskiy S-2 × Dusti, Arzamas S-2 × Ordubad-2, Luganskiy S-1 × Kaba, Arzamas S-2 × Sabir) were revealed the greatest heterosis efficiency of yield and shelf life quality were selected. The yield of hybrids obtained with the participation of varieties of Arzamas S-1 and Arzamas S-2 and paternal varieties, compared with the Strigunovsky variety, is 17.0–78.0 % higher on average for all the years of testing. The study of the keeping capacity of F1 hybrids showed that almost all of them have a higher keeping capacity than the original varieties. The keeping capacity of hybrids especially increases, the initial varieties of which do not have long-term storage sustainability. So, bulbs of varieties Dustu, Peshpazak, Sabir, Khachmaz mestniy, Ordubad-1 for 180-200 days of storage remained only 26-29 %. Hybrids, obtained with the participation of these varieties; by the end of the study period, the keeping capacity remained at 49.8-88.7 %, i.e. 1.9-3.1 times better. Many F1 hybrids perform heterosis and early maturation, the combinations Arzamas S-2 × Strigunovsky, Arzamas S-2 × Dusti, Arzamas S-1 × Strigunovsky, Lugansky S-2 × Vostochny, Lugansky S-2 × Dusti, Arzamas S-1 × Khachmaz mestniy, Luganskiy S-1 × Kabo were more early matured than the standard for 14-18 days.
Quality of Life, Using Science and Economic Growth and Mathematical Analogue Model of Their Indices
Authors:   Scientific Research Institute of Innovation Technologies, Zadneprovsky Rem
Published: August 2021

The aim of the work is to use the mathematical modeling apparatus to discover the relationship between real indicators of economic growth and well-being of the population with the quality of life of individual citizens. The subjective perception of the quality of life by the subject and the researcher makes this problem quite difficult for mathematical formalization. Digitalization of all types of human activity becomes one of the problematic aspects for modeling its status in the surrounding society. On the other hand, it allows you to Bank available solutions to the main tasks in human activity to create a comfortable living environment. The technique of formalization is considered and applied from the standpoint of General laws of motion and time dynamics of processes in natural environments (mechanical, electrical, biological systems), which may have a damping or exponential-wave character. Based on the proposed dependent equations, we offer a minimum list of factors that are necessary for the construction of predictive models. Taking into account the proposed factors, prognostic models are made that allow determining the current state of human quality of life with a sufficiently high probability in connection with the dynamic characteristics of the environment and socio-economic conditions of its life.
Determination of the Pyro-Factor Ecological Successions Duration in the Zonal Landscapes of the Volgograd Region According to the Remote Sensing Data
Authors:   Federal Scientific Centre of Agroecology, Complex Melioration and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shinkarenko Stanislav , Berdengalieva Asel ,   Volgograd State University, Doroshenko Valeriya ,   Volgograd State University, Oleynikova Kseniya ,   Federal Scientific Centre of Agroecology, Complex Melioration and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2021

The aim of the work is to determine the spatial characteristics of the distribution of the burnt areas of natural zonal landscapes of the Volgograd region with different duration of pyro-factor successions, taking into account the frequency of fires. Based on the previously developed thematic geo-information layers of the steppe fires in the region using overlay operations, the duration of post-pyrogenic periods in the municipal districts of the region was determined, taking into account the total number of fires from 1998–2018. The largest areas covered by fire have a succession duration of 2–3 years and 12–14 years at the beginning of 2019, which corresponds to the fires of 2016–2017 and 2005–2007, respectively. Large areas after the fires of 2001–2002 are located in Ilovlinsky, Kletsky, Pallasovsky and Surovikinsky districts. The largest area of land covered by fire in 2004–2006 is located in the Danilovsky, Ilovlinsky, Olkhovsky and Pallas districts. In our opinion, landscapes affected by fire no more than 5–7 years ago are suitable for the analysis of pyrogenic shifts. These territories are located in Frolovsky, Chernyshkovsky, Kotovsky, Ilovlinsky, Pallasovsky, Leninsky, Kamyshinsky, Staropoltavsky districts. The results will serve as the basis for field studies and the analysis of the spectral characteristics of overgrowing burns from remote sensing materials.
Groundwater of River Floodplains – Intra-Annual Dynamics and Mathematical Models
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Solodovnikov Denis , Shinkarenko Stanislav ,   Volgograd State University, Vishnyakov Nikolai ,   Volgograd State University, Khavanskaya Natalya ,   Volgograd State University
Published: August 2021

The doctrine of natural geographical zoning is a traditional and well-developed field of physical geography. Zonal landscapes of the planet are perfectly classified and have clear diagnostic signs. The situation is different with intrazonal landscapes. The criteria for their differentiation are not so obvious. Despite the objective differences in the landscapes of floodplains of forest and steppe natural zones, the principles of their differentiation and classification have not yet been eveloped. The most important factor in the functioning of floodplain landscapes is the seasonal dynamics of groundwater. The annual series of observations allows to graphically display this dynamic in the form of combined transverse profiles of river floodplains, reflecting the relief, the level of surface waters and the changing position of the upper boundary of groundwater. Two-dimensional figures on the profiles are subjected to mathematical processing and allow to develop mathematical models of annual groundwater dynamics. Such models can serve as a basis for classification of intrazonal landscapes of river floodplains. The idea of the study is to try to give an objective picture of natural processes in the floodplains of rivers of the arid zone, based on accurate quantitative characteristics comparable to each other. For mathematical processing, we selected field experimental plots, allowing to obtain a representative profile of the relief and the position of the groundwater mirror during the year. Two-year observations of groundwater have provided a comprehensive picture of their dynamics and relationships to the surface water regime. The results of this work were reflected graphically in the form of profiles. At the next stage, with the help of the Verner Graphical Analysis program, adequate mathematical models describing the process were selected. Verification of models showed a high degree of their reliability. The next stage of the work should be the comparative characteristics of floodplains of rivers of different natural zones and regions, based on the proposed approach. In combination with other criteria (humus content in soils, species composition of tree and shrub vegetation), this will make it possible to differentiate the landscapes of river floodplains and develop schemes for zoning intrazonal landscapes.
2020 Clinical practice guidelines for Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Gabrusenko S. A. , Gudkova A. Ya. , Koziolova N. A. , Alexandrova S. A. , Berseneva M. I. , Gordeev M. L. , Dzemeshkevich S. L. , Zaklyazminskaya E. V. , Irtyuga O. B. , Kaplunova V. Yu. , Kostareva A. A. , Krutikov A. N. , Malenkov D. A. , Novikova T. N. , Saidova M. A. , Sanakoev M. K. , Stukalova O. V.
Published: August 2021

Russian Society of Cardiology (RSC)

With the participation: Russian Association of Cardiovascular Surgeons

Endorsed by: Research and Practical Council of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Task Force: Gabrusenko S.A. (Chairman), Gudkova A.Ya.* (Chairman), Koziolova N.A. (Chairman), Alexandrova S.A., Berseneva M.I., Gordeev M.L., Dzemeshkevich S.L., Zaklyazminskaya E.V., Irtyuga O.B., Kaplunova V.Yu., Kostareva A.A., Krutikov A.N., Malenkov D.A., Novikova T.N., Saidova M.A., Sanakoev M.K., Stukalova O.V.
Diagnosis of soil fertility and banana crop nutrition in the state of Santa Catarina
Authors: Guimarães Gelton Geraldo Fernandes , Deus José Aridiano Lima de
Published: August 2021

Abstract Soil fertility and nutritional imbalance are among the main limitations in banana production. The present study aimed to diagnose soil fertility and nutrition of bananas trees cultivated in the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. Leaf and soil samples were collected, and banana yield was quantified in 2018 and 2019 in 53 orchards in the regions of ‘Vale do Itajaí’ and northern coast of Santa Catarina. Although orchards had satisfactory yield (42 t /ha/year), limitations related to soil fertility and banana crop nutrition were evident. The observed yield is 59.6 % of its full potential. Liming is still recurrent, mainly before orchard establishment. Fertilizer application is widespread, but in many cases, doses are overestimated. Ca, Zn, Cu, and B contents increased in leaves emitted in periods of higher soil water availability and higher temperatures. The results highlight the influence of weather conditions on the supply of these nutrients to banana plants. Nutritional factors are the main limiting factors in banana production in the state of Santa Catarina, compared to non-nutritional factors.
Nonconceptualism and content independence
Authors: Rodríguez Sebastián Sanhueza
Published: August 2021

Abstract: State Nonconceptualism is the view that perceptual states (not perceptual content) are different in kind from cognitive states (not cognitive content), insofar as a subject could be in perceptual states even if she lacked the concepts necessary to describe those states. Although this position has recently met serious criticism, this piece aims to argue on its behalf. A point I specifically want to highlight is that, thanks to State Nonconceptualism, it is possible to characterize perceptual experiences as nonconceptual or concept-independent without relying on the notion of perceptual content - a feature I term here the content independence of State Nonconceptualism. I think one should welcome this result: for, although a nonconceptualist characterization of perceptual experience is quite plausible, nonrepresentationalist approaches to perception have persuasively challenged the thought that perceptual experiences have representational content. This brief piece is divided into three parts: (i) I introduce two versions of Perceptual Nonconceptualism, namely, Content and State Nonconceptualism; (ii) I go on to stress State Nonconceptualism’s content independence; and (iii), I briefly address three prominent objections against the state nonconceptualist.
CARNE MACIA COM OS OSSOS AFIADOS: EPISTEMICÍDIO E MULTILINGUÍSMO EM HIBISCO ROXO, DE CHIMAMANDA ADICHIE
Authors: Cerqueira Fernanda de Oliveira , Bittencourt Rômulo Gonçalves
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Este trabalho propõe-se a analisar a obraHibisco Roxo(2011), de Chimamanda Ngozie Adichie - romance permeado por tensões de raça e de gênero, provocadas pelo imperialismo inglês na Nigéria, sob o prisma dos conflitos políticos e socioculturais ambientados no capitalismo. Partindo do conceito deepistemicídio, proposto por Carneiro (2005), com base em Foucault (1979) e Sousa Santos (1995), verificamos, nas práticas multilíngues, os valores atribuídos às línguas originais, com destaque para o Igbo, e à língua do colonizador na implementação e na vigência dos empreendimentos colonialista e imperialista. Considerando que a escrita de Adichie (2011) permite outra leitura possível dos conflitos vivenciados pela sociedade nigeriana atual, há, no âmbito linguístico, evidências de que a língua inglesa, elemento constitutivo da colonização, representaria, a partir das práticas linguísticas das personagens, uma vinculação ao processo imperialista - subjacente à ação do capitalismo sob o recente término da colonização. Já as práticas linguísticas do Igbo representariam estratégia de resistência, através do resgate às tradições ancestrais, como via de rasurar o epistemicídio, tensionando as estratégias de apagamento da cultura Igbo. Há, assim, um jogo de poder no qual a língua exerce um papel importante na marcação simbólica de processos de dominação/assimilação e/ou oposição/resistência sociocultural, ambos atravessados pela religião.
Adequação da frequência e tipos de refeições realizadas por idosos comunitários do sul do Brasil
Authors: Karpinski Caroline , Xavier Mariana Otero , Gomes Ana Paula , Bielemann Renata Moraes
Published: August 2021

Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi descrever a frequência e tipos de refeições realizadas por idosos de Pelotas-RS e fatores associados à frequência adequada de refeições. Foi realizado estudo transversal com indivíduos ≥60 anos. Questionou-se sobre as refeições diárias na semana anterior à entrevista. A adequação de refeições foi definida conforme recomendação do Ministério da Saúde (pelo menos três refeições principais e dois lanches por dia). As variáveis independentes foram as características sociodemográficas, de saúde e da rotina alimentar. Razões de prevalência e intervalos de confiança de 95% foram calculados por regressão de Poisson. Dos 1.438 idosos entrevistados, cerca de 40% afirmaram realizar quatro refeições diárias. O almoço foi a refeição mais relatada, seguido do café da manhã. Apresentaram frequên cia adequada de refeições 30,6% dos homens e 38,6% das mulheres (p=0,002). Homens com edentulismo (perda dentária total) tiveram 35% maior probabilidade de adequação, enquanto essa probabilidade foi cerca de 30% menor em mulheres de cor da pele não branca, não escolarizadas e que declararam falta de dinheiro para a compra de alimentos. Um a cada três idosos atendeu a recomendação da frequência adequada de refeições e algumas características sociodemográficas foram negativamente associadas com esse hábito.
Programa Bolsa Família e saneamento: uma revisão sistemática dos efeitos na diarreia e na desnutrição
Authors: Souza Anelise Andrade de , Heller Léo
Published: August 2021

Resumo O Programa Bolsa Família e intervenções em saneamento são políticas públicas que podem ter efeito combinado positivo no enfrentamento das iniquidades em saúde. O Programa Bolsa Família busca propiciar melhoria das condições de saúde, diminuição da insegurança alimentar e aumento da renda familiar. Intervenções em saneamento objetivam garantir a saúde pública e a proteção do meio ambiente. O estudo objetivou revisar a literatura, procurando indícios de interações entre estas duas intervenções, influenciando nos desfechos morbidade e mortalidade por diarreia e desnutrição em menores de cinco anos. Foi realizada busca nas bases LILACS, SciELO e PubMed e a metodologia dos artigos foi avaliada por meio de escores da escala de Downs & Black adaptada. Foram identificados 1.658 artigos, dos quais quatro apresentaram todos os critérios para inclusão no estudo. Os estudos selecionados mostraram evidências do efeito positivo do Programa Bolsa Família e de intervenções em saneamento relacionados aos desfechos de interesse, quando analisados de forma independente um do outro. No entanto, nenhum artigo apresentou resultados que pudessem esclarecer o efeito conjunto destas políticas públicas em um modelo de interação, revelando lacuna na literatura nestas doenças particularmente atribuíveis à pobreza.
Acessibilidade e trajetórias de cuidado para crianças com internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária
Authors: Leão Harley Medawar , Caldeira Antônio Prates
Published: August 2021

Resumo Objetivou-se analisar a acessibilidade e trajetórias de cuidado para crianças com internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária (ICSAP). Trata-se de estudo transversal de internações selecionadas ao longo de um ano, em cidade do norte de Minas Gerais. Utilizou-se o Instrumento de Avaliação da Atenção Primária (PCA-Tool Brasil, versão criança), para aferir a acessibilidade e entrevistas com os cuidadores para definição detalhada do percurso familiar até a internação. Entre as 379 hospitalizações avaliadas, 109 (28,9%) foram classificadas como ICSAP. Os escores de acessibilidade e utilização dos serviços de saúde foram baixos tanto para as ICSAP como para as demais internações e sem diferenças estatisticamente significantes (p<0,05). As trajetórias de cuidado revelam que a maioria das famílias procurou primeiramente o hospital, sendo frequente a busca por vários serviços de saúde, antes da hospitalização. Em 63,3% dos casos de ICSAP, as famílias não procuraram a atenção primária em nenhum momento. A acessibilidade se mostrou comprometida para o grupo estudado, independente do motivo que gerou a internação e as trajetórias de cuidado revelaram um padrão irregular de utilização dos serviços de saúde para crianças com ICSAP, sugerindo uma rede assistencial frágil.
Como os brasileiros acessam a Atenção Básica em Saúde: evolução e adversidades no período recente (2012-2018)
Authors: Sousa Allan Nuno Alves de , Shimizu Helena Eri
Published: August 2021

Resumo O objetivo do estudo é analisar o acesso à atenção básica (AB) no Brasil, entre 2012 e 2018, considerando a disponibilidade de serviços, as características físico-estruturais, temporais e organizacionais das unidades básicas de saúde e das equipes, apontando seus principais avanços e obstáculos para a sua melhoria, em diferentes contextos. Estudo descritivo transversal e longitudinal, que utilizou a base de dados secundários do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da AB e dados de cobertura populacional do Ministério da Saúde. Foram selecionadas 15.378 equipes e mobilizados dados de 59.354 usuários referindo-se às equipes selecionadas para 2012 e 56.369 para 2018. Constataram-se melhorias quanto à disponibilidade de serviços e nas condições de estrutura física e arquitetônica; a maioria das equipes implantaram e/ou qualificaram o acolhimento à demanda espontânea, incluindo atendimento a urgências, melhoraram os modos de organização da agenda para favorecer um contato mais fluído entre usuários e profissionais de saúde e qualificaram os modos de agendamento e diminuíram os tempos de espera entre o agendamento e o atendimento. Contudo, foram constatadas a persistência de problemas recorrentes que precisam ser enfrentados para a melhoria do acesso à atenção básica no país.
Fatores sociodemográficos e estilo de vida relacionados aos comportamentos violentos em universitários
Authors: Guimarães Fernando Silva , Flores Thaynã Ramos , Murray Joseph , Bertoldi Andréa Dâmaso
Published: August 2021

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar a prevalência de comportamentos violentos como agressão, roubo e porte de arma ou faca, segundovariáveis sociodemográficase de estilo de vida como inatividade física, uso de drogas ilícitas, uso prejudicial de álcool, tabagismo e consumo alimentar não saudável em estudantes universitários. Estudo transversal, do tipo censo, realizado com estudantes de 18 anos ou mais, em cursos presenciais de uma instituição pública de ensino superior no Sul do Brasil. Na análise dos dados utilizou-se a regressão de Poisson para obtenção das Razões de Prevalências (RP) com ajuste baseado em modelo hierárquico conceitual. A prevalência de um ou mais comportamentos violentos foi de 15,1%. Após ajuste, a prevalência foi significativamente maior para homens [RP=1,40 (IC95% 1,10;1,77), p=0,01]. Observou-se associação entre um ou mais comportamentos violentos com maior atividade física, maior uso de drogas ilícitas e maior consumo prejudicial de álcool. Os resultados são importantes para identificar o perfil sociodemográfico de estudantes perpetradores de comportamentos violentos, podendo ser úteis para o planejamento de ações de promoção a saúde voltadas à prevenção de fatores de risco modificáveis que se mostraram associados aos comportamentos violentos nesta população.
Reducing alcohol-related risks among adolescents: a feasibility study of the SHAHRP program in Brazilian schools
Authors: Amato Tatiana de Castro , Opaleye Emérita Sátiro , McBride Nyanda , Noto Ana Regina
Published: August 2021

Abstract The SHAHRP program was effective reducing drinking and alcohol - harms in Australia, but cross-cultural adaptation is required before replication. This study aimed at assessing the feasibility of SHAHRP in Brazil focused on implementation and acceptability. A mixed-methodsdesign was used: quantitative for implementing the program and evaluation and qualitative for acceptability. The quantitative design was a pilot of a randomized controlled trial. Private schools were randomly divided into four intervention (n=160) and four control (n=188) schools. Student’s mean age was 12.7 years. The fidelity of implementation and likely outcome measures were assessed. Qualitative data on acceptability were provided by students and teachers. The percentage of implementation varied from 62.5% to 87.5%. Behaviours such as alcohol-harms requires a larger cohort and longer follow-up to be adequately evaluated. The risk reduction approach and activities had good acceptability from students and teachers. Quantitative and qualitative outcomes on knowledge and decision-making indicated possible improvement in SHAHRP schools. The program is feasible and well accepted in a Brazilian setting, opening the way for a more comprehensive evaluation and dissemination.
Anthelmintic usage on the Reproductive Parameters in Captive reared Agoutis (Dasyprocta leporina) in Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies
Authors: Jones Kegan Romelle , Garcia Gary Wayne
Published: August 2021

Abstract The agouti (Dasyprocta leporina) is a rodent that is found in the Neo-tropical region. This animal is hunted for its meat but has recently been reared in captivity as a source of meat protein in rural communities. A 20-month experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of an anthelmintic on the reproductive performance of the agouti (Dasyprocta leporina) reared in captivity. This experiment was conducted in the humid tropics of Trinidad and Tobago. Sixteen animals (15 females, 1 male) placed in each of the two treatment groups in a completely randomized study design. In treatment 1 (T1) animals were given subcutaneous injections of Endovet Ces® (Ivermectin/Praziquantel) at 0.2 mg/kg every three months. Treatment 2 (T2) was the negative control group where animals were not exposed to an anthelmintic. Reproductive data were collected at parturition which included birth weight, litter weight, litter size and gender of offspring. The results showed that there was no statistical difference (p > 0.05) between the treatment groups with respect to birth weight, litter weight, litter size and gender. However, agoutis that were dewormed had a higher birth weight (220.24 g vs 209.1 g) and litter weight (369.8 g vs 343 g). The same values were obtained for the litter size (1.7 vs 1.7) and animals that were dewormed had a higher female offspring to male offspring (2.41:1 vs 1.11:1). This experiment demonstrated that the use of an anthelmintic strategically in the management of captive reared agoutis had no statistical effect (p > 0.05) on the reproductive parameters. Therefore, these animals can be kept in captive conditions without being dewormed and produce efficiently with proper feeding and housing management.