bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proximate analysis of some Jatropha curcas L. (Jatropha) Germplasm from Sokoto and Kebbi States
Authors: Sami R. A. , Usman M. , Abdulmalik R. O. , Abubakar H , Ibrahim A
Published: April 2024

Jatropha curcas (Linnaeus) belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae and is closely related to other important cultivated plants like rubber tree and castor. Nigeria being a tropical country has wide variations in climatic and soil conditions and therefore has a wide variety of oil crops such as Jatropha. But the paucity of information on the proximate composition and utilization of its seeds in Nigeria is a problem when it comes to the genetic improvement of the crop. Information about nature and extent of genetic variability present in the Jatropha germplasm and association of various proximate compositions is a pre-requisite in planning successful breeding programme. The objectives of the study were to determine the variation in the proximate composition of some Jatropha curcas L. genotype seeds, determine the correlation among the proximate compositions in the Jatropha and suggest the best genotypes in terms of the proximate composition. The experiment was conducted in the laboratory of Product Development Research Programme of the Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. Data were collected on the proximate compositions of the seeds: moisture, ash, protein, lipid, fibre and carbohydrate content and analyzed. Phenotypic correlations were computed for all the proximate compositions. Rank summation index was generated to identify the best genotype in terms of the proximate compositions. Significant differences were observed for all proximate compositions studied except the lipid which showed highly significant variation for all the genotypes. Highly significant correlations were observed between protein and lipid content (r = 0.67). Sokoto3 and Kebbi10 ranked first and last with rank summation indices of 14 and 118 respectively. The results obtained indicated the presence of appreciable amount of variability within the genotypes to be exploited for improvement. Sokoto3 was found to be the best genotype in terms of the proximate composition.
Soil chemical properties and heterotrophic bacterial population in the rhizosphere of oil palm plantations under different ages
Authors: Ogbemudia I, , Ogboghodo I. A.
Published: April 2024

This study was carried out to determine the soil chemical properties and heterotrophic bacterial population and species that are predominant in the rhizosphere of oil palms (Elaeis guineensis. jack) and to compare the bacteria population in the rhizosphere of matured (10 years and above) fruit bearing palms with those present in young (3 – 6 years) palms that are just bearing fruits for the first few years. Four plantations of different ages were sampled at the Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research (NIFOR) main station located in Ovia North Local Government Area of Edo State at soil depth of; 0 – 15 cm, 15 – 30 cm, 30 – 45 cm and 45 – 60 cm. The soil samples obtained were analyzed for their physical, chemical and microbial compositions and the bacteria counts found in the various oil palm plantations were tested for significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) using Duncan multiple range test in a Completely Randomized Design. The soil texture of Field 52 (3 – 6 years) was sandy in both top and sub soil (0 – 60 cm) while the older plantations had sandy-loam and loamy-sand at some depth. The nitrogen, phosphorus and organic carbon content of the soil were also observed to increase with age. The investigation further showed a high presence of bacteria at the top soil (0 – 15 cm and 15 – 30 cm) than in the sub soils (30 – 45 cm and 45 – 60 cm). This was in close relationship with the high presence of carbon and other primary nutrients that were also more at the top soils. On the basis of plant age, the heterotrophic bacteria populations were greater in the older plantations than found in the young (3 - 6 years) plantations. The specific bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere soils were Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Micrococcus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Coryrubacteria spp.
Effect of pig dung on the vegetative growth of Xanthosoma sagittifolium (Cocoyam)
Authors: Okoh C.I. , Enaboifo M.A.
Published: April 2024

This study was carried out at Edo State College of Agriculture, Iguoriakhi for a period of thirteen weeks. A 10m x 10m plot was cleared and made bare. The plot was divided into two equal halves of 10m x 5m plots each by bamboo pegs, the two plots were the control plot and the treatment plot. The topsoil of the treatment plot was removed to depth of 50cm. 60kg of pig dung was poured into the dug pit and covered with the sand removed and watered to quicken decomposition. After, five replicate plots of 50cm x 50cm plots were randomly located within the treated plots. In the same vein, 5 replicate plots of 50cm x 50cm were randomly located with the 5m x 10m control plot. Ten sets of cocoyam were planted, one on each of the replicate plots of control and treatment plot. Two weeks after planting, records of growth were taken. At the control plots on the 13th week, the following records were taken: 61:50 24.71cm (height), 19.600 4.65 leaves and 7.50 2.00 branches. The treatment plots at the 13th week recorded 84.20 31.96cm (height), 26.40 13.43 leaves and 15.50 5.10 branches. The growth rate of plants in the treatment plot with pig dung was higher than that of the control, this could have been due to the decomposition of the pig dung to form manure necessary for plant growth.
Heavy metal profile in smoked Atlantic cutlass fish (Trichiurus lepturus, linnaeus 1758) from some major markets in Benin metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Wangboje O.M. , Okhuarobo O. E
Published: April 2024

The concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn), in smoked Trichiurus lepturus (Trichiuridae) from some major Markets in Benin Metropolis, Nigeria, were determined employing Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric technique, in order to ascertain their suitability for human consumption against the dearth of data regarding the metal content of such fish. The mean concentrations of metals in fish ranged from 0.118 mg/kg for Cd to 72.738 mg/kg for Zn. The mean concentration of Zn in fish ranged from 51.80 mg/kg at New Benin Market to 89.28 mg/kg at Ramat Market while the mean concentration of Cu ranged from 6.58 mg/kg at Oba Market to 9.29 mg/kg at Ramat Market. The mean concentration of Cd ranged from below detection limits at Oba and New Benin Markets to 0.31 mg/kg at Ramat Market while the mean the mean concentration of Pb ranged from 0.39 mg/kg at New Benin Market to 0.75 mg/kg at Uselu Market. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the mean concentrations of metals in fish between Markets. The toxicity quotient for heavy metals ranged from 0.271 for Cu to 2.425 for Zn. The mean concentrations of Zn, Cd and Pb in fish exceeded the Food and Agriculture Organization and Commission Regulation maximum limits for heavy metals in fish indicating that fish must be consumed with caution, to avert heavy metal poisoning.
Effect of drum drying on the physical and chemical characteristics of instant cereal mixes from the blends of millet and sesame fortified with moringa leaf powder
Authors: Adgidzi E.A. , Ani J.C
Published: April 2024

The effect of drum drying on the physical and chemical characteristics of instant cereal mixes (ICM) from the blends of millet and sesame fortified with Moringa Leaf Powder (MLP) was investigated. Unfortified instant cereal mixes (uICM) were produced from graded levels of dehulled 0.75 % citric acid depigmented millet (100, 95, 90, 85 and 80 %) and dehulled sesame seed (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 %), while fortified ICM (fICM) from graded levels of dehulled 0.75 % citric acid depigmented millet (95, 90, 85, 80, and 75 %), dehulled sesame seed (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 %) and MLP (5 %). Slurries of blends was fed to drum drier to produce ICM and evaluated for physical and chemical properties. The MLP (25.33 %) and DSF (24.19 %) had comparable crude protein contents. The total ash and ether extract contents of DSF was 3.09 and 49.85 %, while MLP had 8.57 and 4.82 %, respectively. The fICM had decreased whiteness values (70.27 to 64.60), while uICM showed increased whiteness (78.18 to 80.77) values. The chemical composition of ICM showed increases in ash (0.68 to 1.75 %), protein (8.05 to 12.74 %), total dietary fiber (0.10 to 16.44 %), pro vitamin A (666.85 to 1184.30 μg/100g) contents and amino acids concentrations which increased with sesame and MLP inclusion. fICM showed higher concentration of amino acids, crude protein, total ash, and total dietary fiber than control sample while uICM showed higher L* values than fICM.
Farmers attitude towards commercialized extension system in Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Onyemekihia F. , Onyemekonwu R.C. , Ehiwario F.A.
Published: April 2024

The need for an alternative extension service becomes very crucial when the public extension system has not yielded good result. The study therefore investigated farmers’ attitude towards commercialized extension system and willingness to pay for extension services. Multi-stage sampling technique was adopted in the selection of 240 respondents. Frequency count, mean and percentage were used for data analysis while Correlation and Cochran test were used to test the hypotheses. Result revealed the respondents were fairly young (mean age was 46-years), majorly male (67.9%), married (67.9%), educated (99.2%) and experienced (19 years), had a family size of 6 persons and earned a mean annual income of ₦ 54,604.17. On the farmers attitude towards commercialized extension system, the farmers agreed that the commercialized extension system will be more timely in their delivery (mean=3.38), that payment pay for extension services is necessary for higher farm productivity (mean=3.35), that extension workers will be more effective under the system (mean=3.35), and that farmers stand to benefit more from this system in terms of income (mean=3.12), The farmers were willing to pay for improved planting materials (80%), linkage to farm input supplies (65%) and markets (64.2%). The study concludes that the respondents were positively disposed to commercialized extension service in arable crop production. It was recommended that commercial extension service providers should extend their services to the study area.
Socio-economic characteristics of artisanal fisher folks in Igbokoda Ondo State
Authors: Igejongbo T.F.
Published: April 2024

The fishery sector in Nigeria plays a major role in terms of national food security and employment. This study examined the socio-economic characteristics of the artisanal fisher’s folks in the study area, the dominant fish in the landing site, the type of fishing gear used at the location, their contribution to fish landing, the effect of by-catch on artisanal fish production and food security in Igbokoda, Ilaje Local Government Area of Ondo State. Data was collect by the random distribution of a questionnaire using statistical analysis such as; pie chart, bar graph and regression analysis to collate and show the data obtained from the study area. The output of an artisanal fisher was affected by gender and the season of fishing and not the educational status of the fisher men, 64% of the fishers were male and the highest age bracket was between 31-40 years. Only 10% of the respondents have tertiary education and 64% of the fishers have between primary and secondary education. The level of profitability was average (64%), 98% of by-catch were demanded for. This study hereby proves that fishing is profitable and therefore, suggests that policy variables such as extension, education, and credit identified in the study as important determinants of efficiency of artisanal fishers should be strengthen for sustainable fish production in the State and Nigeria at large
Determination of metal content in Ethmalosa fimbiata, Pseudotolilthus epipercus, Clupea harengus and Merluccious merluccious stored in commercial cold stores
Authors: Odiko A. E. , Eribo G. E. , Akenbor M
Published: April 2024

The levels of some metals (Fe, Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu, Mn, Cd, Pb and Ar) in four different species of imported frozen fish; Atlantic Herrings (Culpea harengus), Merluza (Merluccius merluccius), Bonga (Ethmalosa fimbriata) and Croaker (Pseudotolilthus epipercus) three cartons each of the different species were bought. A carton of each species was kept in three commercial cold-stores in Benin City, Edo State and was investigated for a period of five months during this study. One piece of each species in triplicate were collected every three weeks from these cartons from the three cold stores and transported to the laboratory in coolers with ice to prevent deterioration. Microwave digestion system (Closed Vessels Acid Digestion – MARS System - CEM) procedure based on the organic extraction technique was used for the digestion of all the fish samples, the mineral content was then determined by the use of atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). Data obtained were analyzed using computer software (SPSS version 22). One way analyses of variance test was used at 5% probability level and DMRT was used to analyze the significant differences between homogenous subsets. Significant differences were observed in the levels of the individual metal in the different fish samples. Levels were compared with safety standard levels set by FAO, WHO and EU legislation for fish and fishery products, and most of the values were within the recommended standards set by FAO, WHO and EU legislation for fish and fish products. However, Ni and Cr were detected at higher levels above the set permissible limits. Fe however was the most accumulated metal in all the fish species. This calls for concern by the relevant agencies and arm of government because of the attendant health implication if consistently consumed due to bio-accumulation of metal in man
Perception of the role of agricultural extension services by cassava processors in Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Onemolease E.A , Ehilenboadiaye C.O. , Omoregie O
Published: April 2024

This study assessed cassava processors perception of the role of the agricultural extension service in cassava processing in Edo State, Nigeria. Specifically, it ascertained the present role or services rendered by the agricultural extension service to cassava processors and explored the latter’s expectations or extension needs. Data were collected from 167 cassava processors in the State, and analysed using descriptive statistics, multiple regression, Friedman, and Cochran tests. The major cassava products processed were gari (95.8%) and fufu (69.5%). Cochran result (χ2 = 221.57; p<0.01) revealed that linking processors to cassava tuber producers (0.790), providing information on processing technologies (0.677), organizing trainings in processing methods (0.617) and disseminating information on storage methods (0.545) were the most significant roles presently played by the extension service in cassava processing. Friedman test result (χ2 = 122.21; p<0.05) showed the most significant extension needs of the processors included providing information on credit sources (mean rank = 6.82) and cassava processing technologies (6.67) and facilitating excursions to processing industries (6.61). Income (b=0.68) and education (b=0.69) were significantly related to the processors agricultural extension service needs in cassava processing. Major constraints faced were high diesel cost (mean = 3.80), irregular electricity (mean = 3.80), inadequate finance (mean = 3.77) and high equipment maintenance cost (mean = 3.75). To this end, processors should be linked to credit providers and exposed to trainings to manage modern processing facilities.
Reclaiming Eroded Soil Using Sawdust – Poultry Compost for Agricultural production
Authors: Dania S. O , Oason V. O. , Anthony J. A.
Published: April 2024

The removal of top soil withhigh organic matter content is a critical threatto soil functions in most tropical agricultural lands and compost can be utilized in build up of organic carbon stocks and the soil nutrient. A two-year experiment wasconducted to evaluate the effect of different rates of compost application on soil properties, yield and nutrient uptake of maize in an eroded soil. The treatments: control, 5, 10, 15 and 20tonnes per hectares (t ha-1)were laid out inCompletelyRandomizedDesign (CRD) and replicated thriceanddata collected were statistically analysed.The soil was acidic and sandyin texture, the application of compost reduced the acidity and significantly (p <0.05) increased organicmatter and nutrient contentof the soil. Maize grain yield of 3.08and 2.56 t ha-1were obtained in 2015 and in residualexperiment of 2016 respectively with the application of 20 t ha-1of compost. In conclusion, the application of 20t ha-1of sawdust –poultry compost significantly (p <0.05) improvedtheorganic matter and nutrients status of the soil. Also, the yield and nutrient uptake of maize were significantly (p <0.05) higherwith the application of 20 t ha-1of compost
Evaluation of moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf meal for broiler chicken performance and meat quality
Authors: Balarabe S. , Jibir M. , Duru S. , Abdu S. B.
Published: April 2024

The study evaluated dietary inclusion (0, 7, 14, and 21%) levels of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOL) on growth performance and meat quality of broiler chickens. A total of 240 broiler chicks (Chikun) were divided into four treatments with three replicates each (20 chicks per replicate) in a completely randomized design (CRD). The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. The results showed that live weight, dressed weight, dressing percentage, heart and liver weights differed (P˂0.05) significantly across the four treatment groups. All other parameters did not differ significantly among the treatment groups. Growth traits of broiler chickens fed dietary inclusion levels of MOL revealed that only feed conversion ratio and mortality rates were significantly (P ˂ 0.05) different across the treatments. Other traits such as final weight, weight gain, feed intake, average daily feed intake and average daily weight did not differ significantly among the treatment groups. Chemical compositional parameters of fresh broiler chicken meat revealed that per cent moisture, lipid, crude protein, ash and carbohydrate were significantly (P ˂ 0.05) different across the treatments. However, chemical composition of meat floss ‘‘dambun nama’’from broiler chickens fed dietary inclusion levels of MOL showed that per cent moisture, lipid, crude protein, crude fibre and carbohydrate differed significantly (P˂0.05) across the treatments. Furthermore, sensory attributes of meat floss from broiler chickens fed dietary inclusion levels of MOL showed that only juiciness differed significantly among the treatments. This study concludes that incorporation of MOL in the diet of broiler chickens at the inclusion levels of 0, 7, 14 and 21% had no deleterious effects on carcass and organ characteristics, chemical composition of both fresh meat and meat floss ‘‘dambun nama’’of broiler chickens. The processed meat floss was well-cherished by the sensory panelists and rated the product high for quality. It is suggested that other inclusion levels of MOL should be investigated in further studies using broiler chickens for growth and carcass performance re-evaluation for meat quality and its overall acceptance
Growth performance and meat quality of broiler chickens fed diet containing “Sabara” (Guiera senegalenses) leaf meal
Authors: Balarabe S. , Jibir M. , Duru S. , Abdu S. B.
Published: April 2024

The study evaluated dietary inclusion (0, 7, 14, and 21%) levels of Guiera senegalensis leaf meals (GSL) on growth performance and meat quality of broiler chickens. A total of 240 broiler chicks (Chikun) were divided into four treatments with three replicates each (20 chicks per replicate) in a completely randomized design (CRD). The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. The results showed that feed intake, average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio and mortality rates were significantly (P˂ 0.05) different among the four treatment groups. Other growth traits such as final weight, weight gain and average daily weight did not show significant differences across the treatments investigated. The compositional parameters of the fresh meat samples showed that per cent lipid, protein, ash and carbohydrate contents were significantly (P˂0.05) different across the treatments. There were no significant differences with respect to per cent moisture and crude fibre among the treatments. However, chemical composition of meat floss (dambun nama) from broiler chickens fed GSL revealed that parameters such as moisture, lipid, crude fibre and carbohydrate differed (P ˂ 0.05) significantly among the treatments. There were no significant differences in per cent crude protein and ash contents among the treatments. Sensory attributes of dambun nama from broiler chickens fed GSL showed that all the attributes (except juiciness) were not significantly similar. This study concludes that the incorporation of GSL in the diet of broiler chickens at 0, 7, 14 and 21% had no deleterious effects on carcass and organ characteristics, chemical composition of both fresh meat and processed meat floss. The meat floss was well - cherished by the sensory panelists and rated the product high for quality. However, GSL inclusions should be re-adjusted in further studies using broiler chickens for growth and carcass re-evaluation for meat quality.
Leveraging Machine Learning to Differentiate Legitimate versus Rogue Privacy Policies for Enhanced Decision Making
Authors: Kayes A. S. M. , Rahayu Wenny , Dillon Tharam , Alavizadeh Hooman
Published: April 2024

With the Internet of Things (IoT) generating vast amounts of data,
privacy breaches have become increasingly prevalent, exposing
individuals to serious risks such as identity theft and life-threatening
situations. This research addresses the challenge of identifying
cybersecurity threats and vulnerabilities leading to privacy breaches,
as evidenced by recent cyber-attacks on Australian Medibank, Optus, and
hospital networks. We propose a machine learning (ML)-based approach to
distinguish between legitimate and rogue privacy policies, defining
fundamental concepts of privacy, security, and access control in the
context of personal, confidential, and sensitive information breaches.
Our methodology introduces zero-privacy (ZP) and binary question-answer
(QA) models to discern legitimate versus illegitimate actions or
interests within privacy policies. Our experiments utilise natural
language processing (NLP)-based ML models to analyse the linguistics of
privacy policies. In experiments conducted on a dataset from the top 100
Forbes-listed companies, including 67 rogue policies, our privacy
classification approach demonstrates reliability, accurately
distinguishing between legitimate and rogue policies. With a dataset
split of 90% for training and 10% for testing, our model achieves
accuracy and precision exceeding 94% and 91%, respectively.
Additionally, we evaluate the probability of ZP occurrences in
organisations’ privacy and service-level agreements, revealing
significant privacy breach risks. Through case studies utilising our
proposed binary QA model, we underscore the urgent need for enhanced
privacy measures across various organisations’ policies. Introducing a
novel approach to access control, we specify permissions under
conditions of legitimate and rogue privacy policies, exemplifying the
applicability of our proposed access control mechanism through security
policy modelling.
Realistic Performance of Tightly-Integrated 2.4 GHz Antennas for Minimum-size PCB-based Wireless Sensor Systems
Authors: Brennan Luis , Burnett David
Published: April 2024

This paper presents simulation and measurement results from a variety of
compact PCBbased antenna designs suitable for wireless systems operating
at 2.4 GHz using realistic implementation conditions in contrast to
idealized, best-case, configurations. In particular, the input
impedance, radiation pattern, and radiation efficiency were measured
using a variety of simulated and physically constructed prototypes and
test fixtures. The results were compared with published application
notes and manufacturer specifications to obtain better estimates of
antenna performance in implementations, such as centimeterscale wireless
sensor nodes with size and/or weight constraints. Notable deviations
from published expectations of performance were exhibited in both
simulation and measurement, including absolute gain, input impedance,
and radiation pattern. Reasonably high radiation efficiency was also
demonstrated. Significant deviations from both simulation and
manufacturer-published results were observed in all investigated
parameters. Differences from datasheet values of as much as 11 dB in
antenna match and 12 dBi in maximum gain are reported. These results
indicate a number of important considerations for a wireless sensor
system designer, including that chip antennas are highly preferable to
PCB trace antennas if cost is not a concern, implementations of designs
tend to decrease directivity, and as much as half the efficiency
expected from simulation is seen in realistic implementation.
Correlation Between the Rh/ABO System and Infection Due to SARS Cov2 in Morocco*
Authors: Alaoui Sanaa Sabour , Bennouri Amine , Farhane Hamide
Published: April 2024

The association between COVID-19, ABO blood group system and Rhesus needs to be explored in order to suggest a model of the mechanism linked to SARS CoV2 infection. A retrospective case-control association study was performed on the different regions of Morocco and carried out on a population of size n = 5039 including a total of 4268 COVID-19 patients and 771 control groups. The differences in the Rh/ABO blood group distribution between COVID-19 patients and the control group were analyzed. The relationship between ABO blood type, sexes, Rhesus and COVID-19 characteristics was analyzed. The analyzes of association between the blood group and the infection related to SARS CoV2 showed a statistically significant difference in the individuals of groups B, O, AB) respectively, but not blood group A. In addition, patients with the Rh+ phenotype are less vulnerable to infection therefore the latter are considered to have a protective effect, however the Rh- categories are more vulnerable to infection so they are risk factors. Blood type was related to some clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19. The presence of the A and B antigens increase the risk of infection with SARS COV2. While the presence of anti A and anti B antibodies makes group O protector against infection. Patients with the Rh+ phenotype are less vulnerable to infection than Rh-therefore these are considered to have a protective effect which is the presence of the D antigen in red blood cells.
Hyperviscosity Syndrome Revealed by White-Centered Retinal Hemorrhages (Roth Spot)
Authors: Ghallab Youssef , Daidai Soukaina , Debbagh Yahya , Abdellaoui Taoufik , Fiqhi Aissam , Mouzari Yassine , Oubaaz Abdelbarre
Published: April 2024

White-centered retinal hemorrhages, also known as Roth spots, have long been considered pathognomonic of infective endocarditis but can be associated with several pathologies. They can be a presentation of a blood hyperviscosity syndrome in the context of multiple myeloma, light chain gammopathy, or cryoglobulinemia through a mechanism of retinal venous stasis, potentially progressing to vein occlusion. We present the case of a 55-year-old woman with no significant medical history who presented a gradual bilateral decline in visual acuity. Fundoscopic examination revealed multiple white-centered hemorrhages, and further investigation promptly linked them to a blood hyperviscosity syndrome.
Comparison of First Analgesic Demand in Post-Operative Period Among Diclofenac Group Versus Paracetamol Group
Authors: Khan Md. Mashfiqur Rahman , Uddin Mohammad Zishan , Rafsan Kazi , Haque Md Reazul , Arif Md Masum Hossain
Published: April 2024

Background: Pain after major surgery causes delays in patients' postoperative recovery, extended hospitalization periods, excessive use of analgesics, and is extremely stressful for both surgery and anesthesia. Preemptive analgesia is a treatment that begins before surgery to prevent the development of central sensitization caused by incisional and inflammatory damage that occur during surgery and in the early postoperative period. Opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) are commonly used for this purpose. Diclofenac sodium is a typical, inexpensive NSAIDS. Preemptive analgesia can reduce the severity and duration of pain while also delaying it. Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the Comparison of first analgesic demand in post-operative period among Diclofenac group versus Paracetamol group. Methods: This randomized controlled trial study was carried out in the Department of Anaesthesiology & ICU Bangladesh Medical College Hospital Dhaka, Bangladesh during 18th January 2020 to 17th July 2020. A total of 50 patients were participated in the study. Sample was selected by random sampling in two groups distributed as- group A (Oral diclofenac sodium), group B (Oral paracetamol). Statistical analyses of the results were be obtained by using window-based Microsoft Excel and Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS-24). Results: The majority of patients (63.0%) were between 40 and 59 years old, with a mean age of 48.3 ± 11.2 years. In groups A (58%) and B (56%), nearly two-thirds of the patients had an ASA grade of one. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05). At baseline, no significant change in heart rate, SBP, or DBP was seen across groups. The postoperative heart rate and other haemodynamic state were assessed at two, six-, and twelve-hours following surgery. Conclusion: Preemptive oral Diclofenac sodium had significant effect on reducing postoperative pain and postoperative .......
Impact of Anti Tubercular Drugs on Biochemical Changes in Newly Diagnosed Tuberculosis Patients
Authors: S Rahman , BR Das , A Rahman
Published: April 2024

Background: The disease tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major global health concern, with high rates of morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing nations. It affects multiple organs and has the ability to alter metabolic processes. The purpose of this study was to ascertain how patients' serum biochemical markers were affected by tuberculosis and the medications used to treat it. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate impact of anti-tubercular drugs on biochemical changes in newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients. Methods: The cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Netrokona Medical College Hospital, Netrokona, from 1st January 2022 to 31st December 2023. A total of 120 newly diagnosed cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were enrolled and analyzed in this study. The questionnaire was pretested, corrected and finalized. Data were collected by face-to-face interview and analyzed by appropriate computer based programmed software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 24. Results: In this study, majority 48 (40.0%) of the patients were in 31 - 40 years age group and 28 (23.3%) patients were in 41 - 50 years age group, Mean±SD of age was 36.13±11.03 years. Most of the patients 69 (57.50%) were male and 51 (42.50%) patients were female. Most of the patients 87 (72.5%) were in normal range (18.5 – 29.9 kg/m2), 15 (11.7%) of the patients were underweight (<18.5) and 19 (15.8%) of the patients were overweight (>30). Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase and Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase level were 18.00 (4.01), 21.04 (3.16) before treatment but after treatment the level became 20.10 (3.52), 22.57 (4.41). Urea and Creatinine level were 18.20 (2.31), 0.63 (0.15) before treatment but after treatment 20.01 (5.34) and 0.53 (0.13). After treatment by anti-tubercular drug gastrointestinal adverse drug effects were nausea 3 (2.5%), vomiting 6 (5.0%), diarrhea 3 (2.5%) and abdominal pain 5 (4.2%), followed by itching ......
Analisis Permintaan Uang di Indonesia
Authors: Adnan Muhammad , Nurmetri Sari
Published: April 2024

Kebijakan moneter yang dilakukan oleh pememrintah melalui Bank Sentral adalah untuk mempengaruhi dan mengarahkan berbagai aktivitas ekonomi dan keuangan yang bertujaun untuk kestabilan harga dengan mempertimbangkan pertumbuhan ekonomi.  Kebijakan moneter tersebut akan berpengaruh terhadap perputaran jumlah uang beredar dalam suatu  perekonomian yang tercermin  pada perkembangan jumlah uang beredar, kredit, nilai tukar, suku bunga serta berbagai variable ekonomi dan keuangan lainnya. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisi pengaruh Inflasi, Suku Bunga dan E-Money terhadap Permintaan Uang di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan adalah inflasi, suku bunga, e-money dan permintaan uang tahun 2017-2022. Sumber data dari Badan Pusat Statistik dan Bank Indonesia. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah model Error Correction Model (ECM). Hasil uji ECM untuk jangka panjang menyatakan inflasi berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap permintaan uang, sedangkan suku bunga untuk jangka panjang tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap permintaan uang. Variabel E-money untuk  jangka panjang berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap permintaan uang. Sementara uji ECM dalam jangka pendek, variabel inflasi dan suku bunga tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap permintaan uang di Indonesia, pada variabel e-money berpengaruh signifikan terhadap permintaan uang.
Perilaku Komunikasi Terhadap Anak Down Syndrome
Authors: Bello Maria Florencia Yunita , Sahan Meylisa Yuliastuti , Satu Innosensia E. I. N.
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini dibuat dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku komunikasi anak dengan down syndrome di panti asuhan bakti luhur kupang. Peran biarawati  dalam mengasuh dan mendidik anak down syndrome tentu saja berbeda dengan anak down syndrome yang diasuh langsung oleh orangtua mereka sendiri. Metode penelitian yang digunakanadalah penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peran biarawati sebagai pengasuh dalam meningkatkan kemandirian yang mempengaruhi perilaku komunikasi setiap anak down syndrome di panti asuhan bakti luhur. Bagaimana mereka membimbing, membina, mendidik, memotivasi, menjadi teladan, menasihati, dan melatih anak. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan komunikasi anak down syndrome dalam aspek self help dan self care, dan secara umum kemandirian dalam daily living skill.
Penghitungan Proporsi Kerugian pada Pendapatan Negara berdasarkan Kualifikasi Kesengajaan dan Kualifikasi Perbuatan Pelaku Tindak Pidana di Bidang Perpajakan
Authors: Widodo Wahyu , Darmawan Rizki Piet , Narindro Ariesto
Published: April 2024

Pembebanan kerugian pada pendapatan negara secara proporsional kepada para pelaku tindak pidana di bidang perpajakan telah diatur dalam Undang-Undang Ketentuan Umum dan Tata Cara Perpajakan. Ketentuan tersebut tercantum dalam penjelasan Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2021 tentang Harmonisasi Peraturan Perpajakan (UU HPP). Pembebanan proporsional tersebut mendasarkan pada prinsip "let punishment fit the crime" dan asas-asas penerapan pidana dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proporsi pertanggungjawaban pidana terkait pembebanan kerugian pada pendapatan negara kepada pelaku tindak pidana di bidang perpajakan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan interdisipliner. Keseluruhan analisis dalam penelitian ini selalu mempertimbangkan unsur mens rea dan actus reus dari pelaku tindak pidana, serta mengemukakan alternatif kerangka penghitungan proporsi kerugian pada pendapatan negara berdasarkan kualifikasi kesengajaan dan perbuatan dari masing-masing pelaku. Hasil analisis tersebut diharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang penerapan proporsionalitas dalam pertanggungjawaban pidana di bidang perpajakan, serta memberikan panduan praktis bagi penegak hukum dalam menentukan proporsi kerugian yang dibebankan kepada pelaku tindak pidana sesuai dengan tingkat keseriusan tindakannya. Selain itu, analisis ini juga diharapkan dapat menjadi kontribusi dalam pengembangan teori dan praktik hukum pidana di Indonesia, khususnya dalam konteks penegakan hukum perpajakan dan pidana ekonomi.
Constructing The Bridge of Understanding: The Role of Habit of Mind, Resilience, and Mathematical Self-Confidence in Solving HOTS Problems
Authors: Sofitri Devi Rinjani , Nugraheni Nursiwi
Published: April 2024

This study aims to analyze the influence of Habit of Mind, Mathematical Resilience, and Self-Confidence on the ability of fifth-grade students at SDN Gugus Gajah Mungkur, Gajah Mungkur District, Semarang City, to solve HOTS mathematics problems. Employing a quantitative approach with a correlational design, the research sample consists of 110 students, selected through proportional random sampling from a population of 136 students across five elementary schools within the Gajah Mungkur cluster. The research instruments include a mathematical reasoning ability test and a questionnaire to measure the independent variables. Data collection techniques involve tests and questionnaires, while data analysis employs descriptive analysis using Microsoft Excel 2016 and inferential analysis using statistical software such as SPSS. This includes conducting correlation tests, and regression tests, after verifying analysis requirements like normality, linearity, homoscedasticity, and autocorrelation. The results reveal a positive and significant relationship between Habit of Mind, Mathematical Resilience, and Self-Confidence, and the students' ability to solve HOTS Mathematics problems. Thus, this study highlights the importance of developing these three psychological aspects to enhance high-level mathematical problem-solving skills. Consequently, Habit of Mind, Mathematical Resilience, and Self-Confidence significantly contribute to improving students' abilities in solving HOTS Mathematics problems.
Analisa Kemugkinan Penerapan Tarif Tol Dinamis: Studi Kasus Pada Jalan Tol dalam Kota Jakarta
Authors: Anggoro Yoga Tri , Anas Eka Pria
Published: April 2024

Peningkatan jumlah kendaraan meningkat dengan cepat namun hal ini tidak sejalan dengan peningkatan jumlah dan panjang jalan, sehingga sering terjadi kepadatan kendaraan di suatu ruas jalan khususnya di jalan tol pada periode waktu puncak (peak hour). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji penerapan tarif tol dinamis dalam mengurai kepadatan jalan tol. Penelitian ini menggunakan variabel – variabel yang membentuk besaran dan waktu penerapan tarif dinamis antara lain tingkat kepadatan jalan tol, Ability-To-Pay (ATP), Willingness-To-Pay (WTP) serta tingkat sensitifitas tarif terhadap volume lalu lintas. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa penerapan tarif dinamis di jalan tol dapat merubah pola serta waktu perjalanan pengguna jalan tol. Penerapan tarif dinamis ini dapat mengurai kepadatan yang terjadi pada periode waktu puncak.
Peripheral Detention, Transfer, and Access to the Courts
Authors: Rofé Jessica
Published: April 2024

In the last forty years, immigration detention in the U.S. has grown exponentially, largely concentrated in the southern states and outside of the country’s metropoles. In turn, federal immigration officials routinely transfer immigrants from their communities to remote jails and prisons hundreds, if not thousands, of miles away, often in jurisdictions where the law is more favorable to the government. These transfers are conducted without notice or process and frequently occur on weekends or in the predawn hours, when offices are closed and interested parties are lucky to access voicemail.

Federal immigration officials’ use of peripheral detention and transfer significantly affects immigrants’ access to the courts and their ability to raise detention challenges. Lurking beneath these issues lies a seemingly technical Supreme Court decision relied on by the government to seek dismissal of habeas actions filed by immigrant petitioners who have been ferried to faraway jails and prisons.

In Rumsfeld v. Padilla, the Supreme Court held that the “default rule” in a habeas action challenging present physical confinement is that it must be brought in a petitioner’s “district of confinement” and that a petitioner can only name a single respondent: their “immediate custodian.” However, the history and development of immigration detention and of the habeas statute offer important insights into present debates about the primacy of Padilla in the context of transfer. A mining of these histories unravels the foundational premises on which Padilla relied and encourages us to question mechanical rules that silo immigrant habeas actions in faraway fora, away from evidence, witnesses, community, counsel, and the events giving rise to the detentions themselves.
Voting While Trans: How Voter ID Laws Unconstitutionally Compel the Speech of Trans Voters
Authors: Maluf Emmy
Published: April 2024

Thirty-five states currently request or require identification documents for in-person voting, and these requirements uniquely impact transgender voters. Of the more than 697,800 voting-eligible trans people living in states that conduct primarily in-person elections, almost half (43 percent) lack documents that correctly reflect their name or gender. When an ID does not align with a trans voter’s gender presentation, the voter may be disenfranchised—either because a poll worker denies them the right to cast a ballot or because the voter ID requirement chills their participation in the first place. Further, when a trans voter presents an ID that does not align with their gender presentation, they effectively out themselves. For both nonpassing and cispassing trans voters, presenting an ID that does not align with their gender identity compels them to express a message about their identity that they do not personally believe. In response to these problems for trans voters, this Note offers a novel legal avenue through which to challenge voter ID laws, arguing that voter-ID requirements as applied to trans voters constitute compelled speech in violation of the First Amendment.
Implementation of sustainable development goals in higher education modalities: Literature review
Authors: Alfathy Ragil Meita , Saputro Sulistyo , Sarwanto  , Ramli Murni
Published: April 2024

A systematic mapping review of the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in higher education has been carried out. Forty-six articles published from 2018 to 2022 were identified using the Systematic Literature Review. The purpose of this literature review was to derive a research framework that effectively raise awareness of SDGs from the realm of higher education and show SDGs research opportunities that have not been widely implemented. Research findings in the implementation of SDGs innovation in higher education have a trend in the categories of learning, stakeholders (institutions), teaching and approach. Based on the five modalities of higher education, the category is spread over the aspects of education (79%) and knowledge production (10%). The other three aspects such as public debate, provision of public services and embodiment only have quantities below 5%. Innovations include the development of SDGs-based courses by integrating aspects of knowledge production and provision of public services into one learning goal through the Project-based Learning Model. Mapping of the implementation of the SDGs in higher education provides information that supports researchers, educators and policy-making institutions interested in educational innovation. The results of the analysis show that the integration of these aspects can not only increase the understanding of higher education graduates regarding the SDGs but also increase public awareness regarding the SDGs through the provision of public services by universities.
CONSERVATION OF A PAINTED WOODEN COFFIN AT DAHSHUR ARCHAEOLOGICAL AREA
Authors:   Fayoum University, Faculty of Archaeology, Conservation Department, Al Mashtal, 32 Zaid Ibn Haretha, 63514
Fayoum, Egypt, ABDELMONIEM Abdelmoniem M. , MAHMOUD Naglaa ,   Fayoum University, Faculty of Archaeology, Conservation Department, Al Mashtal, 32 Zaid Ibn Haretha, 63514
Fayoum, Egypt, MOHAMED Saleh ,   Fayoum University, Faculty of Archaeology, Conservation Department, Al Mashtal, 32 Zaid Ibn Haretha, 63514
Fayoum, Egypt, ABDEL-FATAH Mostafa Ahmed ,   Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities, Adress, 33 El Buhouth St, 12622, Egypt, MOHAMED Wael S. ,   Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities, Adress, 33 El Buhouth St, 12622, Egypt, OMAR Ali M. ,   National Research Centre, Polymer Department, Dokki – Cairo, Ad Doqi, 33 El Buhouth St, 12622, Egypt, WALY Nahed ,   Cairo University, Faculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, Giza District, Oula, Egypt, HAMDY Rim ,   Cairo University, Faculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, Giza District, Oula, Egypt
Published: April 2024

This paper aims to document the conservation processes of a polychrome wooden coffin in the Dahshur archaeological area dating back to the late period. The exterior part of the coffin is decorated with a painted layer. Visual observation, 2D Program, and Optical Microscopy (OM) were used. wood identification. The coffin was in a bad condition. It was covered with a thick layer of dust, losing parts of the painted and gesso layers, as well as other parts of these layers, were lost. Some parts were missing from the head area of the lid coffin. The conservation processes of the wooden coffin included mechanical and chemical cleaning, reattachment of the separated parts of the ground layer and painted layers, filling the edge of the painted layer, and consolidating the painted layer. The conservation process included mechanical cleaning using soft brushes, chemical cleaning using ethyl alcohol and distilled water for painting, stabilization of the separated gesso layer using Paraloid B72, filling cracks of the gesso layers using glass microballoon with Paraloid B72 and consolidating the painted layer with calcium oxide nanoparticles with Klucel G (hydroxypropyl cellulose) 0. 5%
THE PLACE WITH THE WORLD’S HIGHEST RAINFALL AS A TOURIST ATTRACTION IN A PERIPHERAL AREA
OF NORTHEAST INDIA
Authors:   1Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warszawa, Poland., WIĘCKOWSKI Marek , WIEJACZKA Łukasz ,   Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Św. Jana 22, 31-018 Kraków, Poland, PROKOP Paweł ,   Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Św. Jana 22, 31-018 Kraków, Poland, TIMOTHY Dallen J. ,   School of Community Resources and Development, Arizona State University, Phoenix, USA; School of Tourism and Hospitality, University of Johannesburg, South Africa
Published: April 2024

This study illustrates the temporal dynamics of tourism development in a peripheral region of Northeast India (Cherrapunjee area) with an extreme rainfall. The analysis indicates that tourism development has accelerated in the last two decades as a result of the administrative opening of Meghalaya State and the dynamic development of tourism throughout India. Peripheral locations with curious environmental features may by potentially attractive tourism localities, with a common focal point for development of marketing opportunities and narratives about the location. A local leader in a strong position pointing the way additionally plays an important role in creating a tourism space.