bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prescription Patterns and Testosterone Concentrations Achieved with AndroForte 5% Testosterone Cream in Transgender and Gender Diverse Individuals
Authors: Nolan Brendan J. , Zwickl Sav , Locke Peter , Simpson Satu , Li Ling , Zajac Jeffrey D. , Cheung Ada S.
Published: March 2022

Background

Masculinizing hormone therapy with testosterone is used to align an individual’s physical characteristics with their gender identity in trans and gender diverse individuals. Standard testosterone doses and formulations recommended for hypogonadal cisgender men are typically administered. 100 mg AndroForte 5% testosterone cream is the recommended starting dose in hypogonadal cisgender men but there are no data evaluating the use of AndroForte 5% testosterone cream in gender-affirming hormone therapy regimens.

Aim

To assess the prescription patterns and serum total testosterone concentrations achieved with AndroForte 5% testosterone cream in trans and gender diverse individuals.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was undertaken of trans and gender diverse individuals at a primary and secondary care clinic in Melbourne, Australia. Seventy-two individuals treated with AndroForte 5% testosterone cream to the torso were included.

Outcomes

Testosterone dose and serum total testosterone concentration.

Results

Median age was 26 years (IQR 22–30) and median duration of testosterone therapy was 14 months (7–24). Fifty (69%) individuals had a non-binary gender identity. Initial median testosterone dose was 50 mg (50–100) daily. Thirty-eight (53%) commenced doses <100 mg daily, the recommended starting dose for hypogonadal cisgender men. Median total testosterone concentration achieved from 186 individual laboratory results was 11.9 nmol/L (8.1–16.4). Polycythemia was documented in 5 (7%) individuals.

Clinical Implications

AndroForte 5% testosterone cream can be used in individuals with a binary and/or non-binary gender identity seeking masculinization. It can be commenced at a lower dose than that administered to hypogonadal cisgender men for individuals seeking slow masculinization goals.

Strengths & Limitations

Limitations include the retrospective study design, lack of clinical end points and lack of standardization of timing of laboratory tests in relation to the last dose. This is the first study to evaluate AndroForte 5% testosterone cream in trans and gender diverse individuals and provides insights into prescription patterns in individuals with a non-binary gender identity.

Conclusion

AndroForte 5% testosterone cream represents an alternative formulation of testosterone administration for trans and gender diverse individuals seeking masculinization.
Fourier coefficients of functions in power-weighted L2-spaces and conditionality constants of bases in Banach spaces
Authors: Ansorena J. L.
Published: March 2022

We prove that, given $2< p<\infty$, the Fourier coefficients of functions in $L_2(\mathbb {T}, |t|^{1-2/p}\,{\rm d}t)$ belong to $\ell _p$, and that, given $1< p<2$, the Fourier series of sequences in $\ell _p$ belong to $L_2(\mathbb {T}, \vert {t}\vert ^{2/p-1}\,{\rm d}t)$. Then, we apply these results to the study of conditional Schauder bases and conditional almost greedy bases in Banach spaces. Specifically, we prove that, for every $1< p<\infty$ and every $0\le \alpha <1$, there is a Schauder basis of $\ell _p$ whose conditionality constants grow as $(m^{\alpha })_{m=1}^{\infty }$, and there is an almost greedy basis of $\ell _p$ whose conditionality constants grow as $((\log m)^{\alpha })_{m=2}^{\infty }$.
Identified risk factors for co-infection in hospitalised children infected with adenovirus in Hangzhou
Authors: Lao Qun , Han Ning , Pan Haipeng , Zhan Ming , Wu Yidong , Zhao Shiyong , Jia Yuzhu
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to describe the clinical manifestations of adenovirus infections and identify potential risk factors for co-infection with chlamydia, viruses and bacteria in hospitalised children from Hangzhou, China. From January to December 2019, the characteristics of hospitalised children infected with adenovirus at Hangzhou Children's Hospital and Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital were collected. The clinical factors related to co-infection with chlamydia, viruses and bacteria were assessed using multivariate logistic regression analyses. A total of 5989 children were infected with adenovirus, of which 573 were hospitalised for adenovirus infection. The severity of adenovirus respiratory infection was categorised as follows: mild (bronchiolitis, 73.6%), moderate (bronchopneumonia, 17.6%) or severe (pneumonia, 8.8%). Of the 573 children who were hospitalised, 280 presented with co-infection of chlamydia, viruses or bacteria, while the remaining 293 had only adenovirus infection. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analyses indicated that elevated ferritin was associated with an increased risk of chlamydia co-infection (odds ratio (OR) 6.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.56–27.11; P = 0.010). However, increased white blood cell (WBC) count was associated with a reduced risk of viral co-infection (OR 0.84; 95% CI 0.75–0.95; P = 0.006). The study indicated that co-infection with chlamydia could be affected by elevated ferritin levels. WBC levels could affect viral co-infection in hospitalised children infected with adenovirus.
Hong Kong triads: the historical and political evolution of urban criminal polity, 1842–2020
Authors: Wang Peng , Kwok Sharon Ingrid
Published: March 2022

This article examines the origins and evolution of Hong Kong triads since 1842 through official archival documents, media analysis, interviews with triad members and an analytical framework of criminal politics (organized crime–state relations). We propose ‘the urban criminal polity’ as a novel concept to explicate urban criminal organizations as a non-state power in the city. We argue that interactions between triad societies and the British colonial government were primarily characterized by enforcement–evasion rather than confrontation. Since the 1990s, alliances have grown between patriotic triads and the Chinese central government, which enhances the Chinese government's control over the city.
Sex, Sovereignty, and the Biological in the Interwar Arab East
Authors: Ferguson Susanna
Published: March 2022

This article frames the history of anticolonialism in the Arab world as a history of gender, sex, and power. By thinking with early twentieth-century Arab intellectuals, it revises the assumption that the heterosexual body enters into politics primarily as a site of regulation and control. Europeans justified colonialism in the Arab East by arguing that Arabs were like children who needed tutelage before self-rule. Arab writers contested these temporal assumptions through their own theories of human development. Some figured childrearing as a form of temporal engineering through which Arab women would control human and civilizational growth. Others, like cosmopolitan Arab nationalist Fuʾad Sarruf, advocated an anticolonial nationalism that tied the temporality of rupture and event to the sexual development of the male body. These responses by Arab intellectuals to assumptions of colonial belatedness show how the biological body entered anticolonial politics as an active agent of political transformation.
Weimar, Hitler und „die Deutschen“ – ein sozialpsychologisches Bedingungssystem
Authors: Frey Dieter , Rez Helmut , Hehnen Melissa
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung. Zahlreiche Studien weisen darauf hin, dass Menschen ein Grundbedürfnis nach Kontrolle haben. Die Theorie der kognizierten Kontrolle definiert ein Kontrollerleben als die Möglichkeit oder Wahrnehmung, Phänomene erklären, vorhersagen und / oder beeinflussen zu können. Aus Sicht der Autor_innen kann diese Theorie einen aufschlussreichen Beitrag zur Analyse des Aufstiegs der nationalsozialistischen Bewegung in Deutschland und der Akklamation weiter Teile der Bevölkerung leisten. Das Ende des Ersten Weltkriegs und die Jahre der Weimarer Republik waren geprägt von gravierenden Krisenerscheinungen, die vor dem Hintergrund der gesellschaftlich verbreiteten Wahrnehmungs- und Einstellungsmuster bei weiten Teilen der damaligen deutschen Bevölkerung das Erleben eines Kontrollverlustes auslösten. Gleichzeitig verliehen Hitler und die nationalsozialistische Bewegung diesem Erleben Ausdruck, dramatisierten es, griffen mit einfachen „Erklärungen“ und „Lösungen“ damals verbreitete Vorurteile und Sehnsüchte auf und stellten die kognizierte Kontrolle in der Wahrnehmung weiter Bevölkerungskreise nach ihrer „Machtergreifung“ durch ihre Aktivitäten und Propaganda wieder her. Auf Grundlage der Theorie der kognizierten Kontrolle werden die Etablierung der nationalsozialistischen Diktatur, ihre Akzeptanz und Unterstützung durch weite Teile der deutschen Bevölkerung in einem systematischen Rahmen analysiert. Zudem bietet die Theorie in Bezug auf gegenwärtige Entwicklungen hin zu antiliberalen Gesellschaften und Regimen einen aufschlussreichen Analyserahmen und Anhaltspunkte für die Prävention solcher Entwicklungen.
Infants with Down syndrome and congenital heart disease have altered peri-operative immune responses
Authors: Zakharchenko Lyudmyla , EL-Khuffash Afif , Hurley Tim , Kelly Lynne , Melo Ashanti , Padden Maureen , Franklin Orla , Molloy Eleanor J.
Published: March 2022

Background

Infants with Down syndrome (DS) have an altered immune response. We aimed to characterise the inflammatory response in infants with DS and congenital heart disease (CHD) peri-operatively in comparison to infants with CHD and a normal chromosomal complement, and to healthy infants pre-operatively.

Methods

Infants with DS/CHD, infants without DS but with CHD (CHD only) and healthy infants were prospectively recruited and serial serum cytokines evaluated peri-operatively using multiplex ELISA: tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and TNF-β; interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, IL-1β, IL-10, and IL-1ra; vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF); and erythropoietin (EPO).

Results

Ninety-four infants were recruited including age-matched controls (n = 10), DS/CHD (n = 55), and CHD only (n = 29). Children with DS/CHD had significantly lower concentrations of several cytokines (IL-10, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, VEGF) in the pre- and post-operatively vs CHD only and controls. EPO and GM-CSF were significantly higher in DS/CHD (p value <0.05).

Conclusions

Children with DS/CHD had significantly lower concentrations of several cytokines compared to controls or children with CHD only. EPO and GM-CSF were significantly higher in children with DS/CHD. The assessment of the immune response may be suitable for the predictable clinical outcomes in these children.

Impact

This study demonstrated that children with Down syndrome (DS) and congenital heart disease (CHD) have significant alterations in pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory immune responses peri-operatively.

These changes may contribute to adverse clinical outcomes, including sepsis, chylothorax, and autoimmunity. They may impact the pathogenesis and outcome post-operatively and long term in this population.

Children with DS and CHD have significantly lower cytokine concentrations, increased EPO and GM-CSF, and decreased VEGF pre- and post-operatively. Assessing their inflammatory state peri-operatively may facilitate the development of a predictive model that can inform tailored management of these infants using novel therapies including immunomodulation.
Mild hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE): timing and pattern of MRI brain injury
Authors: Li Yi , Wisnowski Jessica L. , Chalak Lina , Mathur Amit M. , McKinstry Robert C. , Licona Genesis , Mayock Dennis E. , Chang Taeun , Van Meurs Krisa P. , Wu Tai-Wei , Ahmad Kaashif A. , Cornet Marie-Coralie , Rao Rakesh , Scheffler Aaron , Wu Yvonne W.
Published: March 2022

Background

Mild hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for neonatal brain injury. We examined the timing and pattern of brain injury in mild HIE.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study includes infants with mild HIE treated at 9 hospitals. Neonatal brain MRIs were scored by 2 reviewers using a validated classification system, with discrepancies resolved by consensus. Severity and timing of MRI brain injury (i.e., acute, subacute, chronic) was scored on the subset of MRIs that were performed at or before 8 days of age.

Results

Of 142 infants with mild HIE, 87 (61%) had injury on MRI at median age 5 (IQR 4–6) days. Watershed (23%), deep gray (20%) and punctate white matter (18%) injury were most common. Among the 125 (88%) infants who received a brain MRI at ≤8 days, mild (44%) injury was more common than moderate (11%) or severe (4%) injury. Subacute (37%) lesions were more commonly observed than acute (32%) or chronic lesions (1%).

Conclusion

Subacute brain injury is common in newborn infants with mild HIE. Novel neuroprotective treatments for mild HIE will ideally target both subacute and acute injury mechanisms.

Impact

Almost two-thirds of infants with mild HIE have evidence of brain injury on MRI obtained in the early neonatal period.

Subacute brain injury was seen in 37% of infants with mild HIE.

Neuroprotective treatments for mild HIE will ideally target both acute and subacute injury mechanisms.
Analysis of the interaction of seeds with a centrifugal disk working body of a chamber-type treater
Authors: Sukhanova Mayya , Mudarisov Salavat , Zabrodin Victor , Bondarev Andrey , Gallyamov Faile
Published: March 2022

Presowing seed treatment is the first step in growing crops and obtaining a predicted high-quality yield. It plays a vital role in an integrated plant protection system. When treating seeds before sowing, it is crucial to avoid seed damage by the machine working bodies to obtain the planned harvest. For that reason, when designing new machines, it is necessary to exclude the use of auger working bodies and reduce the treatment speed. This paper analyzes the interaction of seeds with the working surfaces of centrifugal disk distribution bodies of pressown seed treatment machines. This paper considers the influence of geometric and kinematic factors on the distribution of particles at the outlet of the disk working body. Theoretical dependences that allow determining the relative speed of seed escape from the blades of a centrifugal disk have been obtained. An experimental plant allowing testing of the effectiveness of the proposed technical solution has been designed and manufactured. Theoretical and experimental studies allowed us to determine the conditions necessary for uniform chemical treatment of seeds and reduce the impact of centrifugal-type working bodies on seeds when treated with chemical or biological preparations before sowing.
Phenotypic and genotypic within-host diversity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa urinary isolates
Authors: Cottalorda Agnès , Dahyot Sandrine , Soares Anaïs , Alexandre Kevin , Zorgniotti Isabelle , Etienne Manuel , Jumas-Bilak Estelle , Pestel-Caron Martine
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to assess phenotypic and molecular inter-patient and within-host diversity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates responsible for urinary tract infection (UTI) or asymptomatic bacteriuria (AB). Clinical data of 120 consecutive P. aeruginosa UTI (n = 40) and AB (n = 80) were prospectively analyzed. Up to five P. aeruginosa isolates per sample were collected. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was determined for all isolates (n = 591); a subset of 358 was characterized by multilocus sequence typing. 444 isolates (75%) were non-multidrug resistant (MDR), 113 (19%) were MDR, and 34 (6%) were extensively drug resistant. A genetically highly diverse population was observed (64 sequence types [STs]), without strict correlation between genotypes and clinical settings. 35 patients (28%; 12 UTIs and 23 ABs) presented distinct antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles within a given urine sample, significantly associated with previous carbapenem and fluroquinolones exposure; five of them also exhibited polyclonal UTI or AB (with isolates belonging to two STs). P. aeruginosa urinary isolates of these 120 patients were highly diverse, in terms of AMR as well as genetic background. Both within-host AMR and molecular diversity can complicate AST, treatment and control of P. aeruginosa UTI.
Three-dimensional continuous gait trajectory estimation using single Shank-Worn inertial measurement units and clinical walk test application
Authors: Uchitomi Hirotaka , Hirobe Yuki , Miyake Yoshihiro
Published: March 2022

State-of-the-art estimation methods using inertial measurement units (IMUs) for global continuous gait path and local stepwise gait trajectory during walking have been developed. However, estimation methods for continuous gait trajectory integrating both these aspects with high accuracy are almost lacking. Thus, continuous gait trajectory estimation using a single shank-worn IMU with high accuracy is proposed in this study. This method calculates three-dimensional local stepwise gait trajectory based on IMU measurement data extracted between adjacent middle points of stance phases during walking. Continuous gait trajectory is estimated by concatenating adjacent local stepwise gait trajectories based on relative angles determined according to stride vectors and shank orientations. Evaluation experiments results obtained using the optical motion capture system with 12 healthy participants demonstrated estimation errors in the stride length (− 0.027 (− 0.054 to − 0.006) m) and turning angle (0.7 (− 0.2–1.7)°), and normalized endpoint position error (0.029 (0.019–0.04) m). Comparing with previous reports, the proposed method integrally achieves a continuous gait trajectory with a low estimation error level in both local and global aspects despite the continuous measurement of multiple gait cycles. The proposed simple and low-cost method can be applied in the medical field and contribute to expansion of the application of precise gait information in daily life.
Accelerating net zero from the perspective of optimizing a carbon capture and utilization system
Authors: Hao Zhimian , Barecka Magda H. , Lapkin Alexei A.
Published: March 2022

Digitalization and optimization can accelerate net zero by the efficient evaluation and decision-making for the energy systems.
Metallic vs. semiconducting properties of quasi-one-dimensional tantalum selenide van der Waals nanoribbons
Authors: Kargar Fariborz , Krayev Andrey , Wurch Michelle , Ghafouri Yassamin , Debnath Topojit , Wickramaratne Darshana , Salguero Tina T. , Lake Roger K. , Bartels Ludwig , Balandin Alexander A.
Published: March 2022

We studied the properties of TaSe3−δ quasi-1D nanoribbons using tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS), photoluminescence, and electrical transport measurements. The results show TaSe3−δ shifts from metallic to semiconductor at higher Se deficiencies.
Correction: Hierarchical microgroove/nanopore topography regulated cell adhesion to enhance osseointegration around intraosseous implants in vivo
Authors: Tian Yujuan , Zheng Huimin , Zheng Guoying , Hu Penghui , Li Ying , Lin Yi , Gao Qian , Yao Xiaoyu , Gao Rui , Li Changyi , Wu Xudong , Sui Lei
Published: March 2022

Correction for ‘Hierarchical microgroove/nanopore topography regulated cell adhesion to enhance osseointegration around intraosseous implants in vivo’ by Yujuan Tian et al., Biomater. Sci., 2022, 10, 560–580. DOI: 10.1039/D1BM01657A
Bisulfate transport in hydrogels for self-healable and transparent thermoelectric harvesting films
Authors: Cho Cheolhyun , Kim Byeonggwan , Park Sienoh , Kim Eunkyoung
Published: March 2022

A wearable and transparent thermoelectric hydrogel based on bisulfate transport was demonstrated to record a negative ionic Seebeck coefficient of −25.0 mV K−1and an ionic figure of merit of 7.2 at 80% relative humidity and room temperature.
Critical peeling of tethered nanoribbons
Authors: Silva Andrea , Tosatti Erio , Vanossi Andrea
Published: March 2022

Novel non-trivial scaling exponents rule the peeling dynamics of tethered graphene nanoribbons on incommensurate crystalline surfaces.
An activatable DNA nanodevice for correlated imaging of apoptosis-related dual proteins
Authors: Li Zhixiang , Feng Xueyan , Hu Wenping , Li Lele
Published: March 2022

An activated DNA nanodevice was developed for specific imaging of apoptosis-related dual proteins. The aptamer-based sensing function of the system was triggered by the two markers, enabling the imaging of apoptosis in real-time.
A novel quinoline-based NNN-pincer Cu(ii) complex as a superior catalyst for oxidative esterification of allylic C(sp3)–H bonds
Authors: Das Krishna Mohan , Pal Adwitiya , Adarsh Nayarassery N. , Thakur Arunabha
Published: March 2022

A stable Cu(ii) complex is found to catalyse the oxidative cross-dehydrogenative coupling of acids and alkenes to give allyl esters.
The silica mineralisation properties of synthetic Silaffin-1A1(synSil-1A1)
Authors: Daus Fabian , Xie Xiulan , Geyer Armin
Published: March 2022

The synthetic zwitterionic silaffin peptidesynSil-1A1allows the quantification of the numbers of cationic and anionic charges required to initiate the microemulsion-based silica mineralisation process.
A continuous flow-through strategy to produce highly isotactic poly(isobutyl vinyl ether)viacationic polymerization
Authors: Liao Daohong , Pang Wenmin , Bashir Muhammad Sohail , Chen Changle
Published: March 2022

Tubular reactor strategy is designed for the continuous flow cationic polymerization of isobutyl vinyl ether, which gives higher isotacticity than conventional batch process and demonstrates technical advantages for potential industrial applications.
TLR4 promoted endoplasmic reticulum stress induced inflammatory bowel disease via the activation of p38 MAPK pathway
Authors: Hu Tian , Zhao Yan , Long Yan , Ma Xiaoqing , Zeng Ya , Wu Weijie , Deng Chongtian , Li Mengling , Peng Siyuan , Yang Hanzhi , Zhou Mi , Hu Jinyue , Shen Yueming
Published: March 2022

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contribute to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the mechanistic link between toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and ER stress in IBD remains elusive. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which ER stress and TLR4 promote inflammation in IBD.

IBD mouse model was established by the induction of TNBS, and Grp78 and TLR4 in intestine tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. THP-1 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS), ER stress inducer or inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), or p38 MAPK inhibitor. The activation of MAPK signaling was detected by Western blot, and the production and secretion of inflammatory factors were detected by PCR and ELISA. We found that the expression levels of TLR4 and GRP78 were significantly higher in the intestine of IBD model mice compared with control mice but were significantly lower in the intestine of IBD model mice treated with ER stress inhibitor TUDCA. ER stress inducer significantly increased while ER stress inhibitor TUDCA significantly decreased the expression and secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8 in THP-1 cells treated by LPS. Only p38 MAPK signaling was activated in THP-1 cells treated by ER stress inducer. Furthermore, p38 inhibitor SB203580 inhibited the production and secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8 in THP-1 cells treated with LPS. In conclusion, TLR4 promotes ER stress induced inflammation in IBD, and the effects may be mediated by p38 MAPK signaling. TLR4 and p38 MAPK signaling are novel therapeutic targets for IBD.
Structural Validity, Internal Consistency, and Rater Reliability of the Modified Barium Swallow Impairment Profile: Breaking Ground on a 52,726-Patient, Clinical Data Set
Authors: Clain Alex E. , Alkhuwaiter Munirah , Davidson Kate , Martin-Harris Bonnie
Published: March 2022

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to extend the assessment of the psychometric properties of the Modified Barium Swallow Impairment Profile (MBSImP). Here, we re-examined structural validity and internal consistency using a large clinical-registry data set and formally examined rater reliability in a smaller data set.

Method:

This study consists of a retrospective structural validity and internal consistency analysis of MBSImP using a large data set (
N
= 52,726) drawn from the MBSImP Swallowing Data Registry and a prospective study of the interrater and intrarater reliability of a subset of studies (
N
= 50) rated by four MBSImP-trained speech-language pathologists. Structural validity was assessed via exploratory factor analysis. Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach's alpha for each of the multicomponent MBSImP domains, namely, the oral and pharyngeal domains. Interrater reliability and intrarater reliability were measured using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results:

The exploratory factor analysis showed a two-factor solution with factors precisely corresponding to the scale's oral and pharyngeal domains, consistent with findings from the initial study. Component 17, that is, the esophageal domain, did not load onto either factor. Internal consistency was good for both the oral and pharyngeal domains (α
oral
= .81, α
pharyngeal
= .87). Interrater reliability was found to be good with ICC
interrater
= .78 (95% confidence interval [CI; .76, .80]). Intrarater reliability was good for each rater, ICC
Rater-1
= .82 (95% CI [.77, .86]), ICC
Rater-2
= .83 (95% CI [.79, .87]), ICC
Rater-3
= .87 (95% CI [.83, .90]), and ICC
Rater-4
= .87 (95% CI [.83, .90]).

Conclusions:

This study leverages a large-scale, clinical data set to provide strong, generalizable evidence that the MBSImP assessment method has excellent structural validity and internal consistency. In addition, the results show that MBSImP-trained speech-language pathologists can demonstrate good interrater and intrarater reliability.
Sharing strategy development of a cloud energy storage system in energy management of a microgrid considering sustainable and telecommunication‐assisted architecture
Authors: Khoshniyyat Saeid , Majidzadeh Maryam
Published: March 2022

This paper explores residential microgrids (MG) which not only deploy smart algorithms and energy management strategies for appliances scheduling but also make benefit of insulated wall structures and modern windows ending to smart buildings with sustainable architecture. This amendment is shown to have a remarkable effect on avoiding thermal energy losses and hence lowering energy consumption of heat, ventilation, and air conditioning system (HVAC) in smart and sustainable homes. Moreover, frequency selective surfaces applied in modern windows are shown to greatly improve in‐service telecommunication signal transfer ratio, assuring a reliable communication for inhabitants. The proposed model adopts the most recent concept of cloud energy storage system (CESS) unit to provide a public access to charge/discharge capacity for smart home owners. Accordingly, a simple but applicable capacity sharing strategy of CESS is developed for the energy exchanges of smart homes in the MG. By establishing such an access to CESS, the proposed model allocates optimal shares of charge/discharge capacities for home owners, minimizes the daily operation cost of each home and grants an optimal operation of household appliances. The proposed model is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem and is assessed in several operating strategies.
Combustibles nucléaires : des avancées technologiques majeures à l’essai
Authors: Bolsee Gwen
Published: March 2022

En cours de qualification en réacteur, le développement des technologies de combustible encore plus tolérantes aux accidents a connu une accélération considérable dans la dernière décennie. Des progrès qui ouvrent la porte à des économies de coûts de production électronucléaire.
In Hot Water? The Growing Threat of Cyber Attacks to Water Distribution Systems
Authors:   American Society of Civil Engineers
Published: March 2022

rsecurity into the current practices of the public water infrastructure sector? ASCE collection on cybersecurity in water distribution networks Overview of smart water networks, their advantages and weaknesses, and growing challenges in securing resilience Lessons learned from past cybersecurity incidents AI-based algorithms for detecting and localizing cyber attacks Integrating cyber attacks into resilience and risk assessment procedures and emergency response measures Analyzing different types of cyber-physical attacks and their effects Modeling and simulation methodologies for managing water distribution security Understanding cybersecurity from the perspective of different stakeholders Cyber attacks will become a more serious and recurring threat the more we transition into smart water distribution systems—we must remain vigilant! This collection will help engineers and decision makers become familiar with the state-of-the-art in cybersecurity for water infrastructure networks, leading to: •Resilient and reliable drinking water infrastructure •Better guidelines and protocols C − In ASCE’s 2021 Report Card for America’s Infrastructure, the Drinking Water category got a ‘C −’ The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act supports cybersecurity for the public water system •Clean Water Resiliency and Sustainability Program: Grants to increase resiliency of public treatment systems and distribution networks to cyber attacks and natural hazards •$25 million annually for five years T
Social exchanges and peer-to-peer accommodation: residents' perceptions in a neighbourhood context.
Authors: Stergiou Dimitrios , Farmaki Anna , Efthymiadou Fani
Published: March 2022

The rapid growth of peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation has challenged the sustainability efforts of destinations, due to the numerous negative impacts accrued from the influx of tourists in residential areas. Even so, scant attention has been paid to the perceptions of local residents with regard to associated impacts. This chapter aims to examine the perceptions of the residents of Koukaki (Athens, Greece) regarding the impacts of Airbnb at the neighbourhood level, using social exchange theory. Findings reveal a dominance of negative perceptions of socio-economic and environmental impacts and identify attempts from residents to mitigate associated impacts. Drawing from the literature and empirical findings, the chapter offers a framework which acknowledges the mediating role of platforms and property owners in the social exchanges between residents and guests. The chapter concludes with a discussion of implications, contributing towards the adoption of an anthropocentric and inclusive approach on P2P accommodation.
Airbnb host responsibilities and community resilience: the case of Japan.
Authors: Kaniadakis Antonios , Hayakawa Chiga , Farmaki Anna
Published: March 2022

In Japan, the shortage of accommodation facilities has become a concern due to the increasing number of tourists. In light of the 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games (moved to 2021 due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic), this problem is likely to escalate and raises the need for the authorities to deal with the temporary influx of tourists. Private lodging emerges as a possible solution to this problem and also as a way to revitalize regions and repopulate vacant houses. Considering the Private Lodging Business Act recently established in Japan, this chapter explores Airbnb hosts' perceptions of their responsibilities. This leads to an increase in our understanding of the associated implications of these hosts' practice on the resilience of the local community. Drawing from semi-structured interviews with 16 Japanese hosts, we reveal insights on hosts' perceived responsibilities in the peer-to-peer accommodation context and how hosts and platforms can contribute to community resilience.
Collapsing banks and the cost of finance capitalism in Ghana
Authors: Akolgo Isaac Abotebuno
Published: March 2022

This briefing explains Ghana’s recent banking sector failures and renewed debt crisis as consequences of its uneven and deleterious integration into the global capitalist financial system, a situation that critical scholars in international political economy call international financial subordination.
Possible existence of chiral and multiple chiral nuclei in thallium isotopes *
Authors: Guo Rui-Ju , Lu Xiao , Qi Bin , Liu Chen , Wang Shou-Yu
Published: March 2022

The chirality in thallium isotopes is investigated using the adiabatic and configuration-fixed constrained triaxial relativistic mean field theory. Several minima with prominent triaxial deformation and proper configuration, where the chiral doublet bands may appear, are obtained in odd-odd nuclei

Tl and odd-mass nuclei

Tl. Furthermore, the possible existence of multiple chiral doublet bands (MχD) is demonstrated in

Tl. As the chiral doublet bands in

Tl and MχD in 195Tl have been observed experimentally, further experimental exploration for the chirality in

Tl and MχD in thallium isotopes is expected to verify the predictions.
Target dependence of isotopic cross sections in the spallation reactions 238U + p, d and 9Be at 1 AGeV *
Authors: Song Qu-Fei , Zhu Long , Su Jun
Published: March 2022

The spallation of 238U is an important way to produce rare isotopes. This work aims at studying the cross sections of isotopes produced in 238U + p, d and 9Be reactions at 1 A GeV and their target dependence. (1) A physical model dependent (Bayesian neural network) BNN, which includes the details of IQMD-GEMINI++ model and BNN, was developed for a more accurate evaluation of production cross sections. The isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics (IQMD) model is used to study the non-equilibrium thermalization of the 238U nuclei and fragmentation of the hot system. The subsequent decay of the pre-fragments is simulated by the GEMINI++ model. The BNN algorithm is used to improve the prediction accuracy after learning the residual error between experimental data and calculations by the IQMD-GEMINI++ model. It is shown that the IQMD-GEMINI++ model can reproduce the available experimental data (3282 points) within 1.5 orders of magnitude. After being fine tuned by the BNN algorithm, the deviation between calculations and experimental data were reduced to within 0.4 order of magnitude. (2) Based on the predictions by the IQMD-GEMINI++-BNN framework, the target dependence of isotopic cross sections was studied. The cross sections to produce the rare isotopes by the 238U + p, d and 9Be reactions at 1 A GeV are compared. For the generation of neutron-rich fission products, the cross sections for the 238U + 9Be are the largest. For the generation of neutron-deficient nuclei in the region of A = 200–220, the cross sections for 238U + p reaction are the largest. Considering the largest cross sections and the atomic density, the beryllium target is recommended to produce the neutron-rich fission products by the 238U beam at 1 A GeV, while the liquid-hydrogen target is suggested to produce the neutron-deficient nuclei in the region of A
= 200–220.
Electrocorticographic effects of acute ketamine on non-human primate brains
Authors: Yan Tianfang , Suzuki Katsuyoshi , Kameda Seiji , Maeda Masashi , Mihara Takuma , Hirata Masayuki
Published: March 2022

Objective. Acute blockade of glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors by ketamine induces symptoms and electrophysiological changes similar to schizophrenia. Previous studies have shown that ketamine elicits aberrant gamma oscillations in several cortical areas and impairs coupling strength between the low-frequency phase and fast frequency amplitude, which plays an important role in integrating functional information. Approach. This study utilized a customized wireless electrocorticography (ECoG) recording device to collect subdural signals from the somatosensory and primary auditory cortices in two monkeys. Ketamine was administered at a dose of 3 mg kg−1 (intramuscular) or 0.56 mg kg−1 (intravenous) to elicit brain oscillation reactions. We analyzed the raw data using methods such as power spectral density, time-frequency spectra, and phase-amplitude coupling (PAC). Main results. Acute ketamine triggered broadband gamma and high gamma oscillation power and decreased lower frequencies. The effect was stronger in the primary auditory cortex than in the somatosensory area. The coupling strength between the low phase of theta and the faster amplitude of gamma/high gamma bands was increased by a lower dose (0.56 mg kg−1 iv) and decreased with a higher dose (3 mg kg−1 im) ketamine. Significance. Our results showed that lower and higher doses of ketamine elicited differential effects on theta-gamma PAC. These findings support the utility of ECoG models as a translational platform for pharmacodynamic research in future research.
Analysis of hydrology parameters in a tropical wetland as an early approach to identify a drought risk in a peatland area
Authors: Amal Nilna , Helda Noordiah , Rusdiansyah Achmad , Ramadhani Wijayanto M. , Muammar Fadhiil
Published: March 2022

The hydrological condition can be determined by investigating local data or analyzing historical climatological records. Several methods can approach the wetland condition, including peatland in general. The definition of physical properties to assess critical groundwater table depths is one of them. Another way is to define the requirements in the area that can be approached by determining the condition of the wetland area for general. Understanding and assessing the wetland state is necessary to measure and evaluate the wetland situation, and it can be done by analyzing wetland hydrology parameters. Due to the necessity to mitigate change conditions in a wetland, it is common to know that either flood or drought will derive a difficult situation both in a wetland and a peatland but especially for a peatland, drought condition is severe. This study aims to observe the wetland condition and identify whether the wetland area has drought risk potential, especially in the peatland site. The study was conducted by directly taking data from the study location and downloading satellite data from local and regional websites: the local climatology agency Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG Indonesia), and the Jaxa website. The data from satellite needs to be used related to the limitation of ground data in the study location. The result showed that the satellite has an excellent relationship to the ground data with a pretty low root mean square error (RMSE) number. In addition, it showed the correlation between the amount of monthly rainfall and evapotranspiration with the water table elevation. It can be concluded at the initial conclusion that the decreased rainfall and the high evapotranspiration in a particular month can be expected the drought risk potentially will happen.
Identification of quality of irrigation water Danda Besar Swamp Irrigation Area in Barito Kuala District, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Noorsaly S R , Yuichiro M , Achyadi M A
Published: March 2022

Danda Besar Swamp Irrigation Area (SIA) is located in Danda Jaya Village in Rantau Badauh District, Barito Kuala Regency, South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. It is one of tidal swamp reclamation where tidal fluctuation of Barito River affects to the hydrological condition. Danda Besar SIA has potential agricultural land about 2, 200 ha, and the productivity of paddy field was only 2 ton/ha in average for each time planting year. Two ton/ha is too low productivity due to problem of water quality in irrigation canal. However, fundamental information for the management of water quality of irrigation, monitoring data of water quality, is not measured yet. This fundamental research was conducted to identify and analyze condition of irrigation water quality. The field survey was carried out in dry months, May and June 2021 at primary canal, secondary canal, tertiary canal and pond. The final result for 6 parameters of the 4 locations (primary canal, secondary canal, tertiary canal and pond) showed there were 3 parameters (TDS, DO, and Sulfate (SO4
2-)) fulfill the class II standard, meanwhile there were 3 parameters (pH, Iron (Fe) and BOD) not fulfill the class II standard according to Government Regulation No. 22 year 2021 regarding Implementation of Environmental Protection and Management. The high content of Iron (Fe) and low content of pH recorded in all water sources should be addressed with urgency since this phenomenon as a result of pyrite oxidation affect to pH condition and may cause the low productivity of paddy field.
Performance of Drip and Mist Irrigation to Supply Water for Vegetable
Authors: Murtiningrum Murtiningrum , Nawan Rasyid Ilham , Christyaningrum Lia , Fahrunisa Erlina , Ngadisih Ngadisih
Published: March 2022

Irrigation or water use for agriculture is the biggest water consumer. Reducing water use for irrigation means significantly to water saving. Drip and mist irrigations are methods of water application which consume water more efficiently and more agriculture products produce from same amount of water. This research aimed to assess performance off drip irrigation and mist irrigation to supply irrigation water for vegetables. The vegetables cultivated were spinach, mustard, and water spinach. The indicators employed were discharge, uniformity, dan water productivity. The research results showed that average discharges of drip and mist irrigations were 0.0056 litre/second and 0.0012 litre/second, respectively. The uniformity was measured using distribution uniformity (DU) and Christiansen uniformity index (CU). The DU of drip and mist irrigations were 0.84 and 0.76, respectively. The CU of drip and mist irrigations were 0.76 and 0.82, respectively. The biomass water productivities of spinach, mustard, and water spinach irrigated with drip irrigation were 2.23, 9.51, and 7.92, respectively. The biomass water productivities of spinach, mustard, and water spinach irrigated with mist irrigation were 0.98, 8.70, and 9.10, respectively.
Application of activated charcoal- sugarcane bagasse material for adsorption of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) on the sasirangan wastewater
Authors: Noor R , Annisa N , Paramitha D M , Prasetia H
Published: March 2022

In Indonesia, there is a significant amount of sugarcane bagasse waste that has not been utilized optimally. Around 50% of sugarcane bagasse waste is discarded as waste with little economic value. Sugarcane bagasse contains lignocellulose, composed of 20% hemicellulose, 52.75% cellulose, 20% pentosan, and 37.55% lignin and converted into activated charcoal. Sugarcane bagasse can be used as an alternative raw material for activated charcoal by carbonizing it in a batch process to remove organic compounds from the waste. On this basis, a study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of bagasse activated charcoal in reducing the COD content of sasirangan waste and the optimal dose of bagasse activated charcoal as an adsorbent in reducing the COD content of sasirangan wastewater.The steps to make activated carbon are by place small pieces of bagasse in the mortar and place in a 350°C furnace for 2 hours or until the sample turns black. Next, bagasse charcoal was sieved until smooth using a 100-mesh sieve. The following stage is chemical activation. Bagasse that has passed through the sieve is soaked in 0.1 N 20% HCl activator for the day—cleansing the activated charcoal with distilled water until the pH is neutral. The next step is physical activation, which involves heating the activated charcoal in an oven at 105°C for six hours to dehydrate it. The results indicated that bagasse activated charcoal with a pH of 5 and a contact time of 90 minutes could reduce the COD content of the Sasirangan wastewater by up to 95.37 % and that the dose of bagasse activated charcoal as an adsorbent had a significant effect on the COD content. The quantity of 5 g/L is the maximum number of COD that can be absorbed. Keyword: Activated Charcoal, COD, sasirangan wastewater
Edible Film Fabrication derived from Nagara Starch and Red Ginger Essential Oil as a Package of Instant Noodles Seasoning
Authors: Elma Muthia , Pradana Eggy A. , Sihombing Natalia , Noor Thala’ah Rizky , Rahma Aulia , Rampun Erdina L. A.
Published: March 2022

Instant noodles are very popular among Indonesian people. It is due to its cheap and easy to serve. Therefore, the consumption of instant noodles may increase every year based on the population. However, the increase in consumption of instant noodles has an impact on the plastic waste generated that will be caused pollution into the environment due to difficult to degrade. Edible film from Nagara starch with red ginger essential oil is potentially used as food packaging due to easily degraded and environmentally friendly. Nagara starch was synthesis from Nagara sweet potato which locally growth in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Edible film was fabricated by mixing and heating nagara sweet potato starch with demineralized water until boiled, then followed by added glycerol, sorbitol and stirrer until homogeneous for 45 min. The obtain solution was heating down until 40 °C which afterward added the red ginger essential oil with varied concentration (0-1.5 % wt.) and mixed for 20 min. The film was casted and dried in oven for 24 h at 60 °C. All edible film with different red ginger essential oil concentration characterized by water resistant, water solubility, thickness, elongation, tensile strength and microbial test. The nagara starch edible film has successfully fabricated with addition red ginger essential oil and shows physical characteristics of white, slightly yellow, clear, transparent, thin and tends to be elastic. The result exhibits nagara edible film (1 % red ginger essential oil) has good characteristic according to water resistant (58.3 %), water solubility (33 %), tensile strength (1.84 N/mm2), elongation (17.9 %), and thickness analysis (260 mm). The obtained edible film was suitable for packaging instant noodles seasoning. In other hand, the presence of red ginger essential oil in edible film has critical role for maintaining the food from microbes due to it acts as antimicrobial agent.
Improved bounds for colouring circle graphs
Authors: Davies James
Published: March 2022

We prove the first

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-bounding function for circle graphs that is optimal up to a constant factor. To be more precise, we prove that every circle graph with clique number at most

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\omega

has chromatic number at most

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2

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)
+
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2\omega \log _2 (\omega ) +2\omega \log _2(\log _2 (\omega )) + 10\omega

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Growth cone macropinocytosis of neurotrophin receptor and neuritogenesis are regulated by neuron navigator 1
Authors: Powers Regina M. , Daza Ray , Koehler Alanna E. , Courchet Julien , Calabrese Barbara , Hevner Robert F. , Halpain Shelley
Published: March 2022

Neuron navigator 1 promotes F-actin membrane ruffles in the neuronal growth cone and promotes macropinocytosis at the membrane ruffles. This process includes uptake of the neurotrophin TrkB in growth cones, suggesting a novel mechanism for regulation of neuritogenesis by neuron Nav1.