bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comorbidities and the use of comedications in people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Japan: a cross-sectional study using a hospital claims database
Authors: Ruzicka Daniel J , Imai Kentaro , Takahashi Kenichi , Naito Toshio
Published: June 2018

Objectives

To investigate the prevalence of chronic comorbidities and the use of comedications in people living with HIV (PLWH) and on antiretrovirals in Japan, by using a hospital claims database.

Design

Observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study.

Setting

A hospital claims database of Japanese hospitals that have advanced medical treatment capabilities (ie, advanced treatment hospitals, general hospitals, acute care hospitals), which include those providing acute and chronic care (excluding nursing homes or hospices).

Participants

A total of 1445 PLWH aged ≥18 years and with a prescription record of antiretrovirals between January 2010 and December 2015 were identified from the database.

Outcome measures

The number and types of chronic comorbidities, as well as the number and types of comedications, in different age groups of the PLWH.

Results

The median (range) age of patients was 45 (18–90) years, and 90.4% were men. Of the 1445 patients, 972 (67.3%) had at least one chronic comorbidity. Common chronic comorbidities included lipid disorders (31.6%), diabetes (26.8%), hypertension (18.2%) and hepatitis B/C coinfection (18.2%). Patients in the older age groups had greater numbers of chronic comorbidities. The most common chronic comorbidities in the older age groups were hypertension, diabetes and lipid disorders. The majority of patients used at least one comedication, and those in the older age groups used greater numbers of comedications. The most common therapeutic category of comedication included antacids, antiflatulents and antiulcerants (31.7%). Of 151 malignancies reported in 117 patients, 84 were AIDS-defining cancers and 67 were non-AIDS-defining cancers.

Conclusions

Chronic comorbidities and comedications were common among PLWH in Japan taking antiretrovirals; particularly among older patients, who more frequently used comedications. This suggests the need for giving special attention to the appropriate management of this patient population.
Prevalence and clustering of cardiovascular risk factors: a cross-sectional survey among Nanjing adults in China
Authors: Hong Xin , Ye Qing , He Jing , Wang Zhiyong , Yang Huafeng , Qi Shengxiang , Chen Xupeng , Wang Chenchen , Zhou Hairong , Li Chao , Qin Zhenzhen , Xu Fei
Published: June 2018

Objectives

To estimate prevalence and clustering of cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs), and investigate the association between relevant characteristics and CRF clustering among adults in eastern China.

Design

Community-based cross-sectional study.

Setting

Data were collected by interview survey, physical measurements and laboratory examinations from the 2011 Nanjing Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance.

Participants

A representative sample of 41 072 residents aged ≥18 years volunteered to participate in the survey, with a response rate of 91.3%. We excluded 1232 subjects due to missing data or having a history of cardiovascular diseases; a total of 39 840 participants were included in the analysis.

Outcome measures

Prevalence and clustering of five major CRFs including hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, overweight or obesity and current smoking.

Results

Of 39 840 participants (mean age 47.9±16.2 years), 17 964 (45.1%) were men and 21 876 (54.9%) were women. The weighted prevalence of CRFs ranged between 6.2% for diabetes and 35.6% for overweight or obesity. The proportion of CRFs tended to be higher in men, the elderly, participants who lost a life partner, or lived in rural areas, or had lower level of education and total annual income. Overall, 30.1% and 35.2% of participants had one and at least two CRFs, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that men, older age, loss of a life partner, lower level of socioeconomic status, rural areas, insufficient physical activity or unhealthy diets were positively associated with CVD risk factor clustering, compared with their counterparts.

Conclusions

High regional prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidaemia, overweight or obesity and their clustering are present in Nanjing. The Nanjing government should develop effective public health policies at the regional level especially for high-risk groups, such as enhancing the public’s health awareness, organising health promotion programmes, implementing smoke-free law, producing healthy nutrient foods, providing free or low-cost public sports and fitness facilities.
Pathways linking socioeconomic status to small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants among primiparae: a birth cohort study in China
Authors: Luo Xiu , Liu Lingfei , Gu Huaiting , Hou Fang , Xie Xinyan , Li Xin , Meng Heng , Zhang Jiajia , Xu Shunqing , Song Ranran
Published: June 2018

Objectives

Evidence about the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants was insufficient among Chinese primiparae. In addition, factors that may mediate this relationship are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk of and mediators between SES and SGA.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

Wuhan, Hubei, China.

Method

Participants were recruited from patients who gave birth in the maternity care hospital of Wuhan between September 2012 and October 2014. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between SES and SGA. Pathway analysis was performed to examine the contribution of maternal lifestyles and pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome (PIH) to the relationship between SES and SGA. Total effect, direct effect and indirect effect of SES on SGA were measured. Effect sizes were evaluated by unstandardised estimates (B) and standardised estimates (ß).

Results

Among 8737 primiparae, 927 (10.61%) pregnant women had babies with SGA. High SES was inversely associated with risk of SGA (OR 0.856; 95% CI 0.737 to 0.995) after adjustment for potential confounders. Maternal obstetric characteristics, lifestyles and PIH completely mediated SES and SGA (indirect effect: B=−0.067, 95% CI −0.108 to –0.026). The indirect effect of SES was strengthened by PIH (B=−0.029), a multivitamin supplement (B=−0.021), prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥18.50 (B=−0.009) and prepregnancy BMI ≥18.50 to gestational weight gain (GWG) not below the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations (B=−0.003).

Conclusions

Women from high SES predicted lower risk of PIH, more chances to take a multivitamin supplement during early pregnancy, keeping prepregnancy BMI ≥18.50 kg/cm2and gaining adequate gestational weight which was not below IOM recommendations. Furthermore, lower risk of PIH, more chances to take a multivitamin supplement, prepregnancy BMI ≥18.50 kg/cm2and GWG not below IOM recommendations were associated with a lower risk of SGA infants.
Improved multiple discreet-continuous extreme value model
Authors: Sindi Alaa Rashad , Easa Said M. , Abd El Halim Abd El Halim Omar
Published: June 2018

One of the advanced methods of modeling activity duration is the multiple discrete-continuous extreme value (MDCEV) model. The translating satiation parameter of the model is intended to capture the constant marginal utility effect, but model testing shows that it does not do so. In this paper, the structure of the translating satiation parameter was modified to incorporate an additional parameter that enables the model to capture this effect. Two datasets from cities in Saudi Arabia and Germany were used to test the applicability of the modified model for any dataset. The results showed that the proposed model structure increased the accuracy of activity duration prediction by up to 74%. The modified model represents an improvement to the conventional MDCEV model in terms of accuracy and flexibility, and as such should be a valuable tool in transportation planning and management.
Fe-doped Bi4O5Br2visible light photocatalyst: A first principles investigation
Authors: Zhang Weibin , Zhu Gangqiang , Yang Woochul , Sun Qijun , Wu Qingfeng , Tian Yonghong , Zhang Zhijun , Zhang Shaolin , Cheng Shubo , Zhang Chuanzhao , Chen Shanjun , Zhang Fuchun
Published: June 2018

This study employed first principles calculations to investigate Fe-doped Bi4O5Br2as a potential photocatalyst with high efficiency. Based on formation energy calculation, the Fe atoms prefer to replace the Bi atoms with coordination bond of 3, and the optimal concentration for Fe-doping is 6.06[Formula: see text]wt.%. From surface energy calculations, the [Formula: see text] surface has the lowest surface energy, and therefore the easiest cleavage facet is [Formula: see text]. The key factors for the improvement of photocatalytic efficiency after Fe-doped Bi4O5Br2are estimated as follows. First, the band gap decreases from 2.63[Formula: see text]eV in pristine case to 2.40[Formula: see text]eV in 4 Fe-doped Bi4O5Br2case, resulting in the photon absorption edge shift to lower energy range and the absorption coefficient increase. Secondly, the work functions decrease from 5.66 eV (pristine) to 4.92[Formula: see text]eV (4 Fe-doped Bi4O5Br2), which facilitate the electrons escaping from the surface. Thirdly, the relative mass ratio of photo-induced electrons and holes increases with Fe concentration. Because the Fe 3[Formula: see text] impurity states in the forbidden band gap become wider, the relative ratio increased after Fe-doped Bi4O5Br2. Finally, the Fe doping process introduces more active sites on the surface, which can effectively improve the capacity of target molecules adsorption. Therefore, it is reasonable to believe that Fe-doped Bi4O5Br2can effectively improve the photocatalytic efficiency because the abovementioned key factors have tremendously improved. Our work provides a reasonable reason for choosing Fe as a dopant, which can help our experimental work and provide explanation for photocatalytic efficiency improvement.
Overall Survival Benefit from Trastuzumab-Based Treatment in HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Lv Shuzhen , Wang Yunchao , Sun Tao , Wan Donggui , Sheng Lijun , Li Wei , Zhu Huayun , Li Yanping , Lu Janice
Published: June 2018

Aim: The purposes of our study were to compare the clinical outcomes of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive metastatic breast cancer (mBC) patients with or without trastuzumab treatment and HER2-negative patients, and to explore factors that might predict the survival benefit associated with trastuzumab treatment in HER2-positive breast cancer. Patients and Methods: A total of 421 patients with mBC were analyzed in this retrospective study. All patients had first-line chemotherapy with or without trastuzumab. They were classified into 3 groups according to their HER2 status and trastuzumab treatment: HER2-positive mBC patients with or without trastuzumab treatment and HER2-negative patents. Results: Trastuzumab administration in HER2-positive mBC patients significantly prolonged overall survival (33 vs. 26 months; P = 0.003) and led to a 49.8% reduction in death risk. In the subgroup analysis, HER2-positive patients with hormone receptor (HR)-negative status (29 vs. 17 months; P = 0.000) or visceral metastasis (30 vs. 21 months; P = 0.000) had more survival benefit when treated with trastuzumab. Conclusions: Trastuzumab administration significantly improved the overall survival in HER2-positive mBC patients, who gained a prognosis comparable to that of patients with HER2-negative disease. HR status and metastasis site might be important surrogate makers that predict survival benefit from trastuzumab-based treatment.
Multidisciplinary Late Effects Clinics for Childhood Cancer Survivors in Germany - a Two-Center Study
Authors: Gebauer Judith , Rieken Sarah , Schuster Sonja , Hahn Birgit , Gebauer Niklas , Meidenbauer Norbert , Brabant Georg , Metzler Markus , Langer Thorsten
Published: June 2018

Background: Childhood cancer survivors are at risk for therapy-related sequelae and, therefore, require long-term follow-up. At 2 university hospitals in Germany collaborative multidisciplinary late effects clinics were installed to provide specialized care and to evaluate the current health status of these patients in a clinical setting. Patients andMethods: Every patient who visited the late effects clinics at the university hospital in Lübeck and Erlangen over a period of 3 years and met the inclusion criteria was included in the study. Patients' characteristics as well as cancer diagnosis, treatment related factors and the prevalence of chronic health conditions were assessed. Results: 220 patients attended the late effects clinics during the observation period. The median follow-up period was 16 years (range 5-45 years). In total over 64% of the patients were affected by at least 1 chronic health condition, including endocrine disruptions in 19.1% of the patients. Moreover, secondary neoplasms occurred in 9.1% of the study participants. Conclusion: German childhood cancer survivors are affected by multiple therapy-related sequelae. A comprehensive network of late effects clinics should be established to ensure specialized and risk-adapted care for every childhood cancer survivor in Germany.
Evidence for the Detection of Subclinical Retinal Involvement in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Sjögren Syndrome: A Potential Association with Therapies
Authors: Conigliaro Paola , Triggianese Paola , Draghessi Gianluca , Canofari Claudia , Aloe Gianluca , Chimenti Maria Sole , Valeri Claudia , Nucci Carlo , Perricone Roberto , Cesareo Massimo
Published: June 2018

Background: Retinal involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sjögren syndrome (SS) may be subclinical and thus underdiagnosed. Objectives: We aimed at evaluating morphological and functional visual abnormalities in a cohort of SLE and SS patients in the absence of an overt clinical visual impairment. We also investigated potential associations between retinal disorders and disease activity, organ involvement, and treatment with steroid and/or hydroxychloroquine. Methods: The study comprised 42 SLE and 36 primary SS patients and 76 healthy controls (HC). Ophthalmological examination, standard automated perimetry, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, and fundus perimetry were performed. Results: Retinal thickness of the posterior pole was not different between SLE and HC groups, but it was reduced in the SS group compared with both the HC and the SLE group. In SLE and SS patients, mean defect and pattern standard deviation by standard automated perimetry were higher than in HC. Visual field index values were lower in both SLE and SS patients than in HC. SLE patients with nephritis displayed increased mean defect and pattern standard deviation and reduced visual field index values compared to patients without nephritis. In SLE and SS patients, fundus perimetry differential sensitivity was reduced, and mean defect values were higher than in HC. Disturbances in fundus perimetry in the SLE group were more prevalent in steroid-naïve patients and in SS patients who received a cumulative hydroxychloroquine dose > 1,000 g. Conclusions: Functional eye impairment was demonstrated in SLE patients, possibly associated with kidney involvement. In SLE, corticosteroids might exert a protective role. Morphological alterations and functional impairment were detected in SS patients, which may be linked to hydroxychloroquine toxicity.
Autosomal Recessive Oculodentodigital Dysplasia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Taşdelen Elifcan , Durmaz Ceren D. , Karabulut Halil G.
Published: June 2018

Oculodentodigital dysplasia (ODDD) is a rare condition characterized by a typical facial appearance and variable findings of the eyes, teeth, and fingers. ODDD is caused by mutations in the GJA1 gene in chromosome 6q22 and inherited in an autosomal dominant manner in the majority of the patients. However, in recent clinical reports, autosomal recessive ODDD cases due to by GJA1 mutations were also described. Here, we report on a 14-year-old boy with microphthalmia, microcornea, narrow nasal bridge, hypoplastic alae nasi, prominent columnella, hypodontia, dental caries, and partial syndactyly of the 2nd and 3rd toes. These clinical findings were concordant with the diagnosis of ODDD, and a novel homozygous mutation (c.442C>T, p.Arg148Ter) was determined in the GJA1 gene leading to a premature stop codon. His phenotypically normal parents were found to be carriers of the same mutation. This is the third family in the literature in which ODDD segregates in an autosomal recessive manner.
Medicare Accountable Care Organizations Are Not Associated With Reductions in the Use of Low-Value Coronary Revascularization
Authors: Hollingsworth John M. , Nallamothu Brahmajee K. , Yan Phyllis , Ward Sarah , Lin Sunny , Colla Carrie H. , Lewis Valerie A. , Ayanian John Z. , Hollenbeck Brent K. , Ryan Andrew M.
Published: June 2018

Background:

Because specialty care accounts for half of Medicare expenditures, improving its value is critical to the success of Medicare accountable care organizations (ACOs) in curbing spending growth. However, whether ACOs have reduced low-value specialty care without compromising use of high-value services remains unknown.

Methods and Results:

Using national Medicare data, we identified 2 cohorts: beneficiaries for whom the value of coronary revascularization is lower (those with ischemic heart disease without angina, congestive heart failure, or recent admission for acute myocardial infarction) and beneficiaries for whom its value is higher (those with recent acute myocardial infarction admission). We then determined the provider groups who cared for the cohorts, distinguishing between those participating (n=298) and those not participating in a Medicare ACO (1329). After measuring the provider groups’ use of coronary artery bypass grafting and percutaneous coronary intervention among the 2 cohorts, we fit multivariable models to test the statistical significance of rates of change in low- and high-value revascularization after ACO participation. During the pre-ACO period, participating and nonparticipating provider groups had similar rates of low- and high-value revascularization. Our multivariable model results show that rates of change for low- and high-value coronary revascularization were not altered by a provider group’s participation in a Medicare ACO (lower value: difference, −0.04 per year; 95% confidence interval, −0.11 to 0.03; higher value: difference, 0.96 per year; 95% confidence interval, −0.46 to 2.4).

Conclusions:

We found no association between provider group participation in a Medicare ACO and use of low- or high-value coronary revascularization.
Mass Influxes and Protection in Europe: A Reflection on a Temporary Episode of an Enduring Problem
Authors: Koo John
Published: June 2018

This article assesses Temporary Protection (TP) in Europe in response to refugee crises. In 2001 the European Union (EU) adopted a Directive for TP to provide a regional response to a mass influx. It was considered that TP offered a double-win: addressing protection needs of asylum seekers, while enabling states to maintain control based on the understanding that asylum seekers would return home after a short period of stay. The Directive has been endorsed in UNHCR Guidelines on ‘Temporary Protection or Stay Arrangements’ (2014). Notwithstanding, the analysis in this article indicates that TP was a strategy that failed: it did not give states control nor promote solidarity between them. Failure explains its absence in the responses to the 2015–16 crisis. However, national forms of TP have re-emerged signalling efforts to re-assert control in the face of an enduring problem.
Miconia goldenbergiana (Melastomataceae, Miconieae): a new species from the Atlantic Forest, Brazil
Authors: CADDAH MAYARA K. , MEIRELLES JULIA
Published: June 2018

Miconia goldenbergiana, a new species from the Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil, is described and illustrated. The new species have been extensively collected since the end of the XIX century but have been confused with M. budlejoides and M. formosa, species that also have discolorous and suprabasal leaves and glomerulate inflorescences. From the first species, it can be distinguished by papyraceous leaves with the abaxial surface covered by lepidote trichomes. From the second species, it can be distinguished also by the texture of leaves, and by its narrower size, crenulate to serrulate margins and acute base, besides the smaller size of the flowers. The new species is known from the states of Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro and eastern São Paulo, and is in danger of extinction.
Phylogenetic and divergence time analysis of the Chelonoidis chilensis complex (Testudines: Testudinidae)
Authors: SÁNCHEZ JULIETA , HOLLEY JUAN A. , POLJAK SEBASTIÁN , BOLZÁN ALEJANDRO D. , BRAVI CLAUDIO M.
Published: June 2018

We present a phylogenetic and divergence time analysis of the Chelonoidis chilensis complex (the southernmost tortoises of South America) within crown Testudinidae. We compiled a dataset of 1118 bp cytochrome b (cyt b) sequences derived from 111 individuals sampled across the known geographic range of the species, and performed a phylogenetic analysis employing Maximum Parsimony, Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference methods. The resulting trees showed similar topologies and support values. The C. chilensis complex was always recovered as a monophyletic group composed by two major clades (i.e. haplogroups). The biogeographic distribution of one of these clades overlaps with the Dry Chaco eco–region, while the biogeographic distribution of the other overlaps with the Monte eco–region. In order to date the origin and diversification time of these two clades, we employed a previously published two-step molecular clock method. In the first step we dated the time of origin of C. chilensis as a clade within the Testudinidae family using new and previously published sequences, extinct testudinid taxa for age calibration and the Fossilized Birth-Death (FBD) model. In the second step we dated the divergence between the haplogroups of C. chilensis based on the time of origin estimated in the first step and a coalescent evolution model. Our results suggest that divergence between Dry Chaco and Monte tortoises may have occurred about 2.47 million of years ago. We interpret these results in the light of the environmental and geological changes that occurred during the late Pliocene to Middle Pleistocene of South America.
Novel phosphorylation states of the yeast spindle pole body
Authors: Fong Kimberly K. , Zelter Alex , Graczyk Beth , Hoyt Jill M. , Riffle Michael , Johnson Richard , MacCoss Michael J. , Davis Trisha N.
Published: June 2018

Phosphorylation regulates yeast spindle pole body (SPB) duplication and separation and likely regulates microtubule nucleation. We report a phosphoproteomic analysis using tandem mass spectrometry of enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae SPBs for two cell cycle arrests, G1/S and the mitotic checkpoint, expanding on previously reported phosphoproteomic data sets. We present a novel phosphoproteomic state of SPBs arrested in G1/S by a cdc4-1 temperature sensitive mutation, with particular focus on phosphorylation events on the γ-tubulin small complex (γ-TuSC). The cdc4-1 arrest is the earliest arrest at which microtubule nucleation has occurred at the newly duplicated SPB. Several novel phosphorylation sites were identified in G1/S and during mitosis on the microtubule nucleating γ-TuSC. These sites were analyzed in vivo by fluorescence microscopy and were shown to be required for proper regulation of spindle length. Additionally, in vivo analysis of two mitotic sites in Spc97 found that phosphorylation of at least one of these sites is required for progression through the cell cycle. This phosphoproteomic data set not only broadens the scope of the phosphoproteome of SPBs, it also identifies several γ-TuSC phosphorylation sites that influence microtubule formation.
The slack test does not assess maximal shortening velocity of muscle fascicle in human
Authors: Hager Robin , Dorel Sylvain , Nordez Antoine , Rabita Giuseppe , Couturier Antoine , Hauraix Hugo , Duchateau Jacques , Guilhem Gaël
Published: June 2018

The application of a series of extremely high accelerative motor-driven quick releases while muscles contract isometrically (i.e. slack test) has been proposed to assess unloaded velocity in human muscle. This study aimed to measure gastrocnemius medialis fascicle (VF) and tendinous tissues shortening velocity during motor-driven quick releases performed at various activation levels to assess the applicability of the slack test method in human. Maximal fascicle shortening velocity and joint velocity recorded during quick releases and during fast contraction without external load (ballistic condition) were compared. Gastrocnemius medialis fascicle behaviour was investigated from 25 participants using high-frame rate ultrasound during quick releases performed at various activation levels (from 0% to 60% of maximal voluntary isometric torque) and ballistic contractions. Unloaded joint velocity calculated using the slack test method increased whereas VF decreased with muscle activation level (P≤0.03). Passive and low-level quick releases elicited higher VF values (≥ 41.4±9.7 cm.s−1) compared to ballistic condition (36.3±8.7 cm.s−1), while quick releases applied at 60% of maximal voluntary isometric torque produced the lowest VF. These findings suggest that initial fascicle length, complex fascicle-tendon interactions, unloading reflex and motor-driven movement pattern strongly influence and limit the shortening velocity achieved during the slack test. Furthermore, VF elicited by quick releases is likely to reflect substantial contributions of passive processes. Therefore, the slack test is not appropriate to assess maximal muscle shortening velocity in vivo.
Modulation of joint and limb mechanical work in walk-to-run transition steps in humans
Authors: Pires Neville J. , Lay Brendan S. , Rubenson Jonas
Published: June 2018

Surprisingly little information exists of the mechanics in the steps initializing the walk-to-run transition (WRT) in humans. Here we assess how mechanical work of the limbs (vertical and horizontal) and the individual joints (ankle, knee and hip) are modulated as humans transition from a preferred constant walking velocity (WLK) to a variety of running velocities (RUN; ranging from a sprint to a velocity slower than WLK). WRTs to fast RUNs occur nearly exclusively through positive horizontal limb work, satisfying the goal of forward acceleration. Contrary to our hypothesis, however, positive mechanical work remains above that of WLK even when decelerating. In these WRTs to slow running, positive mechanical work is remarkably high and is comprised nearly exclusively of vertical limb work. Vertical-to-horizontal work modulation may represent an optimization for achieving minimal and maximal RUN velocity, respectively, while fulfilling an apparent necessity for energy input when initiating WRTs. Net work of the WRT steps was more evenly distributed across the ankle, knee and hip joints than expected. Absolute positive mechanical work exhibited a clearer modulation towards hip-based work at high accelerations (> 3 m s−2), corroborating previous suggestions that the most proximal joints are preferentially recruited for locomotor tasks requiring high power and work production. In WRTs to very slow RUNs, high positive work is nevertheless done at the knee, indicating that modulation of joint work is not only dependent on the amount of work required but also the locomotor context.
Independent voluntary correction and savings in locomotor learning
Authors: Leech Kristan A. , Roemmich Ryan T.
Published: June 2018

People can acquire new walking patterns in many different ways. For example, we can change our gait voluntarily in response to instruction or adapt by sensing our movement errors. Here we investigated how acquisition of a new walking pattern through simultaneous voluntary correction and adaptive learning affected the resulting motor memory of the learned pattern. We studied adaptation to split-belt treadmill walking with and without visual feedback of stepping patterns. As expected, visual feedback enabled faster acquisition of the new walking pattern. However, upon later re-exposure to the same split-belt perturbation, participants exhibited similar motor memories whether they had learned with or without visual feedback. Participants who received feedback did not re-engage the mechanism used to accelerate initial acquisition of the new walking pattern to similarly accelerate subsequent relearning. These findings reveal that voluntary correction neither benefits nor interferes with the ability to save a new walking pattern over time.
Os jardins sicilianos por Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa
Authors: Dalla Bona Fabiano
Published: June 2018

Percorrer o jardim literário significa traçar o diagrama de um mito que fascinou artistas e escritores em todos os séculos, mas que ao mesmo tempo significa refletir sobre a história civil e cultural dos locais onde encontrou a sua atuação aquele original conúbio entre arte e natureza que distingue o espaço do jardim.  A relação entre literatura e natureza que envolve o interesse e as emoções de tantos autores, convida a refletir sobre a possibilidade de ler a paisagem natural como aquela de uma composição literária.  O presente artigo trata dos jardins descritos por Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa em duas de suas obras, O Leopardo e Recordações de infância. Discute-se o conceito de jardim, a tipologia dos jardins, o papel dos jardins na literatura sob o viés metodológico da crítica literária de Sicotte (2011), Nigro (2012; 1996) e Jakob (2005) e dos estudos da paisagem Terra (2013), Roger (2009) e Assunto (1994) entre outros.
UMA ANÁLISE DO CONTO/TESTEMUNHO NADA DE NOVO NA FRENTE OCIDENTAL, DE LYGIA FAGUNDES TELLES
Authors: Campos de Lucena Suênio
Published: June 2018

Esse artigo analisa “Nada de Novo na Frente Ocidental”, narrativa que encerra o livro Invenção e memória (2000), da escritora Lygia Fagundes Telles. A partir do hibridismo que conjuga fatos reais e ficção, a autora realiza um conto/testemunho que inclui a abordagem em torno da lembrança e do esquecimento. Assim, esta análise destaca tanto a questão das tensões entre verdade e criação literária, quanto à relação da autora/protagonista, ao relembrar o passado com saudosismo e nostalgia, no caso, a São Paulo dos anos 1950, quando foi legionária. Um episódio marcante norteará um corte e tentativa de esquecimento a todo custo: a morte do pai, fazendo com que ela tente bloquear e sobrepor tristes recordações. Tendo por base a Psicanálise, a discussão deste conto possibilita reflexões sobre a lembrança, o esquecimento e, também, sobre a passagem do tempo e a morte.
Dois diários, um ensaio e um romance: a presença de “Incidentes” e “Noites de Paris” na escrita narrativa desejada por Roland Barthes
Authors: Pesce Lopes de Oliveira Priscila , Amigo Pino Claudia
Published: June 2018

Em seus últimos anos de vida Barthes tornou público o projeto de escrever um romance, provisoriamente intitulado Vita Nova, trabalho cujos traços aparecem no curso “A Preparação do Romance”. Ao longo do curso ele escreveu também seu último livro publicado em vida, A Câmara Clara: nota sobre a fotografia, ao mesmo tempo em que trabalhava sobre os diários “Incidentes” e “Noites de Paris”, possivelmente buscando integrá-los a Vita Nova (PINO, 2010). Esses dois diários relacionam o biográfico com a imagem de autor, a autoimagem, o afeto e a escrita, questões em pauta no romance pretendido. Seus procedimentos formais, em especial os relacionados à negociação do espaço entre narração e relato, podem mostrar-se de suma importância para uma leitura d’A Câmara Clara, onde essa questão concentra-se na relação do narrador com as fotografias seletas. Este artigo traça a presença de “Incidentes” e “Noites de Paris” em aspectos narrativos d’A Câmara Clara que podem apontar caminhos escriturais do romance desejado por Barthes.
O ESTUDO DO ADVÉRBIO NAS SENTENÇAS DO PORTUGUÊS BRASILEIRO
Authors: XAVIER GLAUCIA DO CARMO , HERMONT ARABIE BEZRI , DO COUTO ISADORA PEREIRA
Published: June 2018

A presente pesquisa pretende demonstrar que o posicionamento do advérbio na sentença não é livre, conforme já afirmam alguns autores como Cinque (1999) e Rocha e Lopes (2015). Ancorada na Teoria Gerativa, esta pesquisa postula que o advérbio se posiciona fixamente em posições determinadas, na maioria das vezes. Cinque (1999) demonstra que determinados advérbios se mantêm em posições fixas, pois como são, em algumas circunstâncias, traços de tempo, eles não poderiam ocupar posições à direita em representações arbóreas. Para indicar tempo e aspecto em uma sentença, os advérbios precisam ocupar posições à esquerda nos sintagmas para que ocorram movimentos no momento da derivação. Essa pesquisa, por meio de análise de transcrição de falas reais, analisou e tabulou 548 advérbios presentes em diálogos de falantes nativos do português brasileiro e classificou dezoito tipos de advérbios e suas posições. O corpus foi construído a partir de gravações de aulas de uma escola privada, em Belo Horizonte, e trazido para esta investigação em uma abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa. O trabalho demonstrou que os advérbios, tidos como termos acessórios da oração, podendo aparecer em diversas posições na sentença, nem sempre são livres e que determinados tipos de advérbios só se encontram em posições fixas. Isso nos leva a afirmar que, no momento da derivação da sentença, em nosso módulo mental, de acordo com os pressupostos da Teoria Gerativa, o advérbio ocupa a posição de especificadores de projeções máximas e que cada tipo de advérbio se posiciona em especificadores de sintagmas funcionais já determinados.
El papel de los padres en la prevención del acoso: aprender a resolver conflictos en la familia
Authors: Oria de Rueda Ramón , Cáceres Patricia
Published: June 2018

La mediación escolar es un recurso esencial para prevenir el acoso, pero debemos poner más énfasis en el papel fundamental de los padres en este asunto.
Silencio
Authors: Sevilla Merino Diego , Pereira Domínguez Carmen
Published: June 2018

La cristianización del Japón se inició en el siglo XVI por los jesuitas. Japón era una nación cerrada a las influencias extranjeras, con todo, la cristianización fue avanzando sin grandes dificultades. En el siglo XVII, las autoridades decidieron que el cristianismo suponía una influencia peligrosa y persiguieron a los cristianos que quedaron sin sacerdotes y obligados a ocultarse.En esta situación, dos jóvenes jesuitas portugueses viajan a Japón en busca del que fue su maestro y por el que sienten gran admiración, el misionero Padre Ferreira. Los últimos rumores indican que, tras ser perseguido y torturado, Ferreira ha renunciado a su fe y vive como budista y al servicio de las autoridades japonesas. Sin embargo, los dos jesuitas no quieren creerlo y parten en su búsqueda. En Japón ellos mismos vivirán el suplicio y la violencia con que las autoridades japonesas persiguen a los cristianos a los que torturan hasta apostatar o morir.
L' histoire d’un succès en qualité totale
Authors: Laflamme Marcel
Published: June 2018

(Version originale parue dans le vol. 8 nos. 1-2 (1999))
Les processus croisés de diffusion des innovations dans l’administration publique
Authors: Harrisson Denis
Published: June 2018

(Version originale parue dans le vol. 16 no. 1 (2007))
Productivité
Authors: Fujita Takeshi
Published: June 2018

Entrevue avec Monsieur Takeshi Fujita, Deputy Director au Japan Productivity Center par La Revue de l’Entreprise – Tunisie
Acalasia: abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico
Authors: Quesada Víquez Verónica , Vargas Navarro Francisco , Piedra Carvajal Willian
Published: June 2018

La acalasia es un trastorno poco común de la motilidad esofágica, con una incidencia que varía de1-10 casos por 100.000 pacientes. Su fisiopatología, si bien no está completamente descrita, se basa enun proceso de inflamación, fibrosis y destrucción de neuronas del plexo mientérico, que lleva a los síntomas propios de la enfermedad. Para su diagnóstico son de utilidad diferentes técnicas, siendo el estándar de oro la manometría esofágica.En el tratamiento de esta entidad se han utilizado múltiples procedimientos, que van desde el tratamiento farmacológico hasta métodos invasivos como la resolución quirúrgica con miotomía. En los años más recientes ha ganado importancia el uso de técnicas endoscópicas como el POEM, el cual es un procedimiento mínimamente invasivo con el que se logra realizar la miotomía del EEI, sin necesidad de accesar al mediastino, lo que ha generado una disminución en las complicaciones con una adecuada resolución de síntomas de los pacientes.
Mad Men (AMC 2007-2015): relato, discurso, ejes temáticos
Authors: Rodríguez Jiménez. Leda
Published: June 2018

El presente artículo propone un acercamiento a la serie de televisión Mad Men (AMC, 2007-2015) del guionista, director y productor norteamericano Matthew Weiner.  Primeramente, el análisis se enfoca en el relato como suceso y como discurso. Esto quiere decir que considera tanto la instancia relatora –quién o qué narra- como los aspectos que competen a la recepción de la serie –a quién o a qué le narra- y, por tanto, a las diversas propiedades narrativas orientadas a la construcción de la mirada. En segundo término, el ejercicio analítico discurre sobre tres grandes ejes temáticos que, para quién escribe estas líneas, organizan buena parte de la estructura que compone el mundo representado. Estos ejes son: la prostitución como marca (identitaria y corporativa), la maternidad como obstáculo y la mujer como relato masculino. Aunque el artículo tiene sentido en sí mismo, se constituye como la continuación de un trabajo anterior que versa, grosso modo, sobre los espacios, las temporalidades y la forma del relato.
Business Development Independent Populist Economic Owned Enterprises as a Village
Authors: Sunada I Ketut , Sandi I Ketut
Published: June 2018

Bumdes is a village business unit whose capital comes from village-owned funds . The goal is to float the village potential into an independent village. Thus it takes effort and strategic and appropriate tips to achieve that goal. The first tip is to establish a forum for the development of economic networks in this case is the establishment of BUMDES. Some of the things that can be done are: (i) development of human resources capability so as to provide added value in the management of village economic assets, (ii) integrating rural economic products so as to have good bargaining position in market network, (iii) (iv) strengthening village economic institutions, (v) developing supporting elements such as micro-credit, market information, technological and management support, economic infrastructure and communication networks as well as support for guidance and regulation.
Internal audit functions and corporate governance: Evidence from Hungary
Authors: Rabóczki Mária Borda
Published: June 2018

This study examines the relationship between the existence and independence of internal audit and other corporate governance factors in an emerging market, building on disclosed data from Hungarian listed companies in 2011. The results indicate that almost half of the listed fi rms use internal audit, however, independence of the function is less common. Ordinal regression results confi rm the negative impact of concentrated foreign ownership on the need of internal audit, and the complementary relation between internal audit and supervisory board monitoring. The complementary role of internal audit to external one is partially evidenced. The results also indicate that larger fi rms are supposed to establish internal audit and strengthen its independence more than smaller ones. The fi ndings of the study have important implications for sound corporate governance in Hungary. The study, by assessing the institutional and regulatory context of an emerging market, contributes to the literature by providing an improved understanding of the existence and independence of internal audit.
“Doctors’ Lounge” podcast to teach clinical reasoning to first-year medical students
Authors: Brown Shilpa , Wood Elena , McCollum Daniel , Pelletier Allen , Rose Jennifer , Wallach Paul
Published: June 2018

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. In the first year of medical school, our students have a comprehensive course in history taking, physical examination skills, clinical reasoning, and patient-centered care. We have observed that first year students struggle to conduct a focused history and perform a focused physical examination on a given chief complaint. We developed an innovative program to address this concern in our Essentials of Medicine- Physical Diagnosis course.We created an online outline and audio podcast for students to review illustrating the key elements of the history of presenting illness, review of systems, other historical patient information, and focused physical examination for 3 specific chief complaints to assist them in their approach to these patients. This resource also included the discussion of the work up and treatment plans and was created in collaboration of Internal, Family, and Emergency Medicine to account for the various approaches to the same chief complaint within the various specialites of medicine. Students completed a brief pre- and post-session survey to assess their utilization of the resource, quality of the content, and delivery of the session materials. The preceptor's were also surveyed regarding the students' ability to conduct a patient encounter and discuss their assessment and plan comparing current students to those in previous years who did not use this resource. We also asked for feedback on how these resources might be improved for future use.The resource was highly effective for first-year medical students in preparation for focused history taking and physical examination of a patient with a specific chief complaint. Students were more engaged in the critical reasoning discussion of the case assessment and plan after using this resource and preceptors were in agreement.We believe this model we called the "Doctors' Lounge" developed for the chief complaints of sore throat, chest pain, and abdominal pain can be replicated at any medical school desiring to introduce or enhance teaching of clinical reasoning skills to their preclinical students.
Mutation induction as a strategy to overcome the restricted genetic base in Physalis
Authors: Trevisani Nicole , Melo Rita Carolina de , Bernardy João Pedro Fossa , Pierre Patrícia Maria Oliveira , Coimbra Jefferson Luís Meirelles , Guidolin Altamir Frederico
Published: June 2018

Abstract The restricted genetic base in physalis in Southern Brazil is a challenge that requires genetic breeding for the achievement of fruits with superior agronomic quality. Therefore, genetic changes were induced in physalis for the selection of populations with superior fruit quality. To that end, seven populations of physalis were submitted to gamma irradiation (0,100 and 200 Grays – Gy), which provided 21 populations. Significant population difference was observed, which indicates the existence of variability between at least two populations of physalis. The contrasts showed difference for Colômbia01, Colômbia02, Caçador and CAV. The mutation induction was effective at causing genetic variations in these populations. For Colombia01 (100 Gy), it was observed reduction of 3.97 mm and 2.56 mm (200 Gy) in the transverse fruit diameter (DTF). In the Colombia02 population (200 Gy), there was an increase of 2.99 mm in the longitudinal fruit diameter (DLT) and 4.90 mm in the DTF. For CAV (200 Gy), it was found the increase of 1.81 ºBrix. Mutation induction was beneficial in these cases, but fruit quality is still below the potential of the crop, when compared to fruits from Andean countries. It is possible to suggest that quantitative traits, such as fruit mass (MF) and total soluble solids (SST), and the degree of ploidy in physalis (2n = 4x = 48) reduce the mutagenic agent ability to cause variations.
Supply chain planning and management method:the fruit purchasing company case
Authors: Nakatani Julio Kyosen , Neves Marcos Fava
Published: June 2018

Abstract On the world stage, Brazil is the third largest world fruit producer. However, purchasing fruit companies are suffering from the effects of fluctuations in production and demand, inefficiency in production and information trade, lack of understanding of the dynamics of supply and reduction in profitability for all members of the fruit production chain. The supply chain management has been touted as one of the ways to reduce this volatility and improve outcomes for all involved with the supply chain. However, results of recent researches do not relate it directly to the fruit industry. To solve this problem, the present research aimed to analyze the planning and management of the supply chain of a fruit purchasing company and identify contributions and improvements to the theories and methods related to supply chain management to propose a method for planning and management the supply chain of fruit purchasing companies. It was conducted a case study from a mango fruit purchasing company using interviews with industry experts to assess the applicability, functionality and usefulness from the managerial point of view of the proposed method. Data analysis was done through the cross analysis of the methods of the supply chain management and the description of the case. The results of the study allowed the development of a method for planning and management the supply chain of fruit purchasing company. With the proposition of this method is expected to contribute with a sequence of steps to assist in planning and management of supply chain managers and specialists from a fruit purchasing company.
Alacranes en la Habana: el cuento policial cubano de Lino Novás Calvo
Authors: Gómez-de-Tejada Jesús
Published: June 2018

Resumen: Este artículo enfoca los ocho cuentos policiales que Lino Novás Calvo publicó en la revista Bohemia entre 1948 y 1952. Se presentan estos textos como antecedentes del neopolicial cubano contemporáneo, especialmente caracterizado por el profundo signo social de sus narraciones. El contraste entre diversos escritos del autor (cartas, artículos y los propios cuentos policiales) permite establecer la importancia que este concedió a la atmósfera y a los personajes que pueblan sus relatos, en cuya representación se concilia lo cubano y lo universal. Ambientes deletéreos y seres alacranados le posibilitaron profundizar en el lado más desgarrado de una sociedad habanera caracterizada, según él, por la falsedad, la violencia y la corrupción. Finalmente, se subraya cómo la inmediatez de espacios y acontecimientos, el reflejo de circunstancias político-sociales -el bonchismo, especialmente- y el registro de modalidades lingüísticas propias del contexto son usados por Novás Calvo como recursos para representar La Habana con total nitidez.
Tanta vida mutua (mujeres y precariedad animal)
Authors: De Mauro Martin
Published: June 2018

RESUMEN Desde los albores del neoliberalismo hasta la más reciente precariedad neoliberal como normalidad democratizada (Lorey, 2016), la vida precaria apunta a una nueva configuración alrededor del cuerpo femenino y su capacidad de agenciamiento. Así, en Um sopro de vida (Pulsações) de Clarice Lispector y en La mujer de los perros de Laura Citarella y Verónica Llinás, la emergencia de este modo de vida precaria se reconoce bajo el signo de la exposición y la vulnerabilidad. Pero estos materiales tienen que ver también con interrogaciones formales que intervienen sobre los presupuestos antropocéntricos en la noción de vida precaria, y específicamente, sobre las jerarquías entre cuerpos y formas de vidas. Es por ello que el entorno físico, afectivo y existencial que es compartido con el resto de los vivientes (ese entre cuerpos y entre-cosas humano perruno que delinea otras epistemologías), nos permite postular una noción de precariedad no-humana o de otro modo lo que G. Giorgi (2016) formula en términos de precariedad animal.