bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The atopic dermatitis blood signature is characterized by increases in inflammatory and cardiovascular risk proteins
Authors: Brunner Patrick M. , Suárez-Fariñas Mayte , He Helen , Malik Kunal , Wen Huei-Chi , Gonzalez Juana , Chan Tom Chih-Chieh , Estrada Yeriel , Zheng Xiuzhong , Khattri Saakshi , Dattola Annunziata , Krueger James G. , Guttman-Yassky Emma
Published: August 2017

Beyond classic “allergic”/atopic comorbidities, atopic dermatitis (AD) emerges as systemic disease with increased cardiovascular risk. To better define serum inflammatory and cardiovascular risk proteins, we used an OLINK high-throughput proteomic assay to analyze moderate-to-severe AD (n = 59) compared to psoriasis (n = 22) and healthy controls (n = 18). Compared to controls, 10 proteins were increased in serum of both diseases, including Th1 (IFN-γ, CXCL9, TNF-β) and Th17 (CCL20) markers. 48 proteins each were uniquely upregulated in AD and psoriasis. Consistent with skin expression, AD serum showed up-regulation of Th2 (IL-13, CCL17, eotaxin-1/CCL11, CCL13, CCL4, IL-10), Th1 (CXCL10, CXCL11) and Th1/Th17/Th22 (IL-12/IL-23p40) responses. Surprisingly, some markers of atherosclerosis (fractalkine/CX3CL1, CCL8, M-CSF, HGF), T-cell development/activation (CD40L, IL-7, CCL25, IL-2RB, IL-15RA, CD6) and angiogenesis (VEGF-A) were significantly increased only in AD. Multiple inflammatory pathways showed stronger enrichment in AD than psoriasis. Several atherosclerosis mediators in serum (e.g. E-selectin, PI3/elafin, CCL7, IL-16) correlated with SCORAD, but not BMI. Also, AD inflammatory mediators (e.g. MMP12, IL-12/IL-23p40, CXCL9, CCL22, PI3/Elafin) correlated between blood and lesional as well as non-lesional skin. Overall, the AD blood signature was largely different compared to psoriasis, with dysregulation of inflammatory and cardiovascular risk markers, strongly supporting its systemic nature beyond atopic/allergic association.
Sulfate Reduction in Sediments Produces High Levels of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter
Authors: Luek Jenna L. , Thompson Kaitlyn E. , Larsen Randolph K. , Heyes Andrew , Gonsior Michael
Published: August 2017

Sulfate reduction plays an important role in altering dissolved organic matter (DOM) in estuarine and coastal sediments, although its role in the production of optically active chromophoric DOM (CDOM) and a subset of fluorescent DOM (FDOM) has not been previously investigated in detail. Freshwater sediment slurries were incubated anaerobically with added sulfate and acetate to promote sulfate-reducing bacteria. Ultraviolet visible (UV-Vis) absorbance and 3-dimensional excitation emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectra were measured over a five weeks anaerobic dark incubation period. Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC) of FDOM determined components that increased significantly during dark and anaerobic incubation matching three components previously considered of terrestrially-derived or humic-like origin published in the OpenFluor database. The observed FDOM increase was strongly correlated (R2 = 0.96) with the reduction of sulfate. These results show a direct experimental link between sulfate reduction and FDOM production, which impacts our understanding of coastal FDOM sources and early sediment diagenesis. As 3D fluorescence techniques are commonly applied to diverse systems, these results provide increasing support that FDOM can have many diverse sources not consistently captured by common classifications such as “humic-like” fluorescence.
Risk factors for chronic post-traumatic stress disorder development one year after vaginal delivery: a prospective, observational study
Authors: Sentilhes Loïc , Maillard Françoise , Brun Stéphanie , Madar Hugo , Merlot Benjamin , Goffinet François , Deneux-Tharaux Catherine
Published: August 2017

Our study aimed to assess the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after childbirth one year after vaginal delivery and to identify characteristics of women and deliveries associated with it. Questionnaires were mailed a year after delivery to 1103 women with prospectively collected delivery and postpartum data, including a question on day 2 assessing their experience of childbirth. PTSD was assessed a year later by the Impact of Event and Traumatic Event Scales; 22 women (4.2%, 95%CI 2.7–6.3%) met the PTSD diagnostic criteria and 30 (5.7%; 95%CI 3.9–8.0%) PTSD profile criteria. Factors associated with higher risk of PTSD profile were previous abortion (aOR 3.6, 95%CI 1.4–9.3), previous postpartum hemorrhage (Aor 5.3, 95%CI 1.3–21.4), and postpartum hemoglobin <9 g/dl (aOR 2.7, 95%CI 1.0–7.5). Among 56 women (10.3%) reporting bad childbirth memories at day 2 postpartum, 11 (21.1%) met PTSD diagnosis and 11 (21.1%) PTSD profile criteria a year later, compared with 11 (2.4%) (P < 0.001) and 18 (3.8%) (P < 0.001), respectively, of the 489 (87.7%) women with good memories. PTSD is not rare at one year after vaginal delivery in a low-risk population. A simple question at day 2 post partum may identify women most at risk of PTSD and help determine if early intervention is needed.
Bladder Cancer Treatment Response Assessment in CT using Radiomics with Deep-Learning
Authors: Cha Kenny H. , Hadjiiski Lubomir , Chan Heang-Ping , Weizer Alon Z. , Alva Ajjai , Cohan Richard H. , Caoili Elaine M. , Paramagul Chintana , Samala Ravi K.
Published: August 2017

Cross-sectional X-ray imaging has become the standard for staging most solid organ malignancies. However, for some malignancies such as urinary bladder cancer, the ability to accurately assess local extent of the disease and understand response to systemic chemotherapy is limited with current imaging approaches. In this study, we explored the feasibility that radiomics-based predictive models using pre- and post-treatment computed tomography (CT) images might be able to distinguish between bladder cancers with and without complete chemotherapy responses. We assessed three unique radiomics-based predictive models, each of which employed different fundamental design principles ranging from a pattern recognition method via deep-learning convolution neural network (DL-CNN), to a more deterministic radiomics feature-based approach and then a bridging method between the two, utilizing a system which extracts radiomics features from the image patterns. Our study indicates that the computerized assessment using radiomics information from the pre- and post-treatment CT of bladder cancer patients has the potential to assist in assessment of treatment response.
Association of Matrix Gla protein gene (rs1800801, rs1800802, rs4236) polymorphism with vascular calcification and atherosclerotic disease: a meta-analysis
Authors: Sheng Kaixiang , Zhang Ping , Lin Weiqiang , Cheng Jun , Li Jiawei , Chen Jianghua
Published: August 2017

Association between the MGP gene rs1800801, rs1800802, rs4236 polymorphisms and vascular calcification and atherosclerotic disease was inconsistent. To clarify precise association, we performed this meta-analysis. Medline, Embase and China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database were systematically searched through December 2016. A total of 23 case-control studies, consisting of 5280 cases and 5773 controls, were included. The overall results suggested that the -7A polymorphism was associated with an increased risk for vascular calcification and atherosclerotic disease in the recessive model (OR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.01–2.24, P = 0.045). Subgroup analyses of Caucasians showed significant associations in the allelic model, recessive model, and homozygote model: allelic model (OR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.06–1.34, P = 0.004), recessive model (OR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.26–2.03, P < 0.001), homozygote model (OR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.18–2.81, P = 0.006). Subgroup analysis of the Asian population did not demonstrate any significant associations in any of the genetic models. No significant association was found in any genetic model amongst the rs1800802 and rs4236 polymorphisms. The findings of this meta-analysis indicate that the MGP gene rs1800801 polymorphism is significantly associated with vascular calcification and atherosclerotic disease, especially in the Caucasian population.
Crows Rival Monkeys in Cognitive Capacity
Authors: Balakhonov Dmitry , Rose Jonas
Published: August 2017

The present study compares the ‘bandwidth of cognition’ between crows and primates. Working memory is the ability to maintain and manipulate information over short periods of time – a core component of cognition. The capacity of working memory is tightly limited, in humans correlated with individual intelligence and commonly used synonymously with cognitive capacity. Crows have remarkable cognitive skills and while birds and mammals share neural principles of working memory, its capacity has not been tested in crows. Here we report the performance of two carrion crows on a working memory paradigm adapted from a recent experiment in rhesus monkeys. Capacity of crows is remarkably similar to monkeys and estimated at about four items. In both species, the visual hemifields show largely independent capacity. These results show that crows, like primates evolved a high-capacity working memory that reflects the result of convergent evolution of higher cognitive abilities in both species.
Prevalence of pain and its socio-demographic and clinical correlates among heroin-dependent patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment
Authors: Yang Ying-Jia , Xu Yan-Min , Chen Wen-Cai , Zhu Jun-Hong , Lu Jin , Zhong Bao-Liang
Published: August 2017

To date there have been no studies investigating the characteristics of pain in Chinese heroin-dependent patients (HDPs) receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). This study examined the frequency and socio-demographic and clinical correlates of pain in HDPs under MMT. A consecutive sample of 603 HDPs was recruited from three MMT clinics in Wuhan, China. These patients completed a standardized questionnaire concerning socio-demographic and clinical data. Pain intensity was assessed with the 5-point Verbal Rating Scale (“Overall, how intense is your pain now?”) with responses of: 1 = none, 2 = mild, 3 = moderate, 4 = severe, 5 = very severe. A pain score of three or higher was used to denote clinical significant pain (CSP). The prevalence of CSP in HDPs receiving MMT was 53.6%. Factors significantly associated CSP in multiple logistics regression analysis were old age, marital status of “non-married”, unemployment, having religious beliefs, a history of injecting heroin, a high dose of methadone, and more depressive symptoms. Over a half of Chinese HDPs receiving MMT have CSP. Services for HDPs in MMT settings should include periodic screening for pain, psychosocial supports, and professional treatment for pain.
Biogeography shaped the metabolome of the genus Espeletia: a phytochemical perspective on an Andean adaptive radiation
Authors: Padilla-González Guillermo F. , Diazgranados Mauricio , Da Costa Fernando B.
Published: August 2017

The páramo ecosystem has the highest rate of diversification across plant lineages on earth, of which the genus Espeletia (Asteraceae) is a prime example. The current distribution and molecular phylogeny of Espeletia suggest the influence of Andean geography and past climatic fluctuations on the diversification of this genus. However, molecular markers have failed to reveal subtle biogeographical trends in Espeletia diversification, and metabolomic evidence for allopatric segregation in plants has never been reported. Here, we present for the first time a metabolomics approach based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for revealing subtle biogeographical trends in Espeletia diversification. We demonstrate that Espeletia lineages can be distinguished by means of different metabolic fingerprints correlated to the country of origin on a global scale and to the páramo massif on a regional scale. Distinctive patterns in the accumulation of secondary metabolites according to the main diversification centers of Espeletia are also identified and a comprehensive phytochemical characterization is reported. These findings demonstrate that a variation in the metabolic fingerprints of Espeletia lineages followed the biogeography of this genus, suggesting that our untargeted metabolomics approach can be potentially used as a model to understand the biogeographic history of additional plant groups in the páramo ecosystem.
The preparation and application of a graphene-based hybrid flame retardant containing a long-chain phosphaphenanthrene
Authors: Chen Wenhua , Liu Yuansen , Liu Pengju , Xu Changan , Liu Yuan , Wang Qi
Published: August 2017

A novel hybrid flame retardant combining graphene oxide (GO) with long-chain phosphaphenanthrene was fabricated via surface grafting reaction. Taking advantageous of the double barrier effects, including the physical shield contributed by graphene nanoplates during the initial stage and the chemical char contributed by phosphaphenanthrene during the later stage, greatly decreased the release rate of decomposed volatiles from the resin, as well as minimized the release of oxygen and combustion heat. Hence, such hybrid flame retardant can overcome the shortcomings of early acid catalyzed degradation effects caused by conventional flame retardants containing phosphorus. Satisfactory flame retardance was achieved (UL94 V-0 rating) with only 4% addition of the hybrid flame retardant to the epoxy resin laminate. Due to the long-chain and bulky phosphaphenanthrene groups, the interlayer attractive forces of the modified GO were effectively weakened, thus favoring the exfoliation and dispersion of graphene sheets. As a result, the incorporation of the flame retardant slightly enhanced the mechanical properties of the polymer composites, rather than deteriorating them, as occurs with traditional additive flame retardants. As a potential application for graphene, it is believed that the reported hybrid flame retardant has promising future prospect.
Dynamics of Hydration Water Plays a Key Role in Determining the Binding Thermodynamics of Protein Complexes
Authors: Chong Song-Ho , Ham Sihyun
Published: August 2017

Interfacial waters are considered to play a crucial role in protein–protein interactions, but in what sense and why are they important? Here, using molecular dynamics simulations and statistical thermodynamic analyses, we demonstrate distinctive dynamic characteristics of the interfacial water and investigate their implications for the binding thermodynamics. We identify the presence of extraordinarily slow (~1,000 times slower than in bulk water) hydrogen-bond rearrangements in interfacial water. We rationalize the slow rearrangements by introducing the “trapping” free energies, characterizing how strongly individual hydration waters are captured by the biomolecular surface, whose magnitude is then traced back to the number of water–protein hydrogen bonds and the strong electrostatic field produced at the binding interface. We also discuss the impact of the slow interfacial waters on the binding thermodynamics. We find that, as expected from their slow dynamics, the conventional approach to the water-mediated interaction, which assumes rapid equilibration of the waters’ degrees of freedom, is inadequate. We show instead that an explicit treatment of the extremely slow interfacial waters is critical. Our results shed new light on the role of water in protein–protein interactions, highlighting the need to consider its dynamics to improve our understanding of biomolecular bindings.
Identification of a short sequence in the HCMV terminase pUL56 essential for interaction with pUL89 subunit
Authors: Ligat G. , Jacquet C. , Chou S. , Couvreux A. , Alain S. , Hantz S.
Published: August 2017

The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) terminase complex consists of several components acting together to cleave viral DNA into unit length genomes and translocate them into capsids, a critical process in the production of infectious virions subsequent to DNA replication. Previous studies suggest that the carboxyl-terminal portion of the pUL56 subunit interacts with the pUL89 subunit. However, the specific interacting residues of pUL56 remain unknown. We identified a conserved sequence in the C-terminal moiety of pUL56 (671WMVVKYMGFF680). Overrepresentation of conserved aromatic amino acids through 20 herpesviruses homologues of pUL56 suggests an involvement of this short peptide into the interaction between the larger pUL56 terminase subunit and the smaller pUL89 subunit. Use of Alpha technology highlighted an interaction between pUL56 and pUL89 driven through the peptide 671WMVVKYMGFF680. A deletion of these residues blocks viral replication. We hypothesize that it is the consequence of the disruption of the pUL56-pUL89 interaction. These results show that this motif is essential for HCMV replication and could be a target for development of new small antiviral drugs or peptidomimetics.
Fermi surface and effective masses in photoemission response of the (Ba1−x
K
x
)Fe2As2 superconductor
Authors: Derondeau Gerald , Bisti Federico , Kobayashi Masaki , Braun Jürgen , Ebert Hubert , Rogalev Victor A. , Shi Ming , Schmitt Thorsten , Ma Junzhang , Ding Hong , Strocov Vladimir N. , Minár Ján
Published: August 2017

The angle-resolved photoemission spectra of the superconductor (Ba1−x
K
x
)Fe2As2 have been investigated accounting coherently for spin-orbit coupling, disorder and electron correlation effects in the valence bands combined with final state, matrix element and surface effects. Our results explain the previously obscured origins of all salient features of the ARPES response of this paradigm pnictide compound and reveal the origin of the Lifshitz transition. Comparison of calculated ARPES spectra with the underlying DMFT band structure shows an important impact of final state effects, which result for three-dimensional states in a deviation of the ARPES spectra from the true spectral function. In particular, the apparent effective mass enhancement seen in the ARPES response is not an entirely intrinsic property of the quasiparticle valence bands but may have a significant extrinsic contribution from the photoemission process and thus differ from its true value. Because this effect is more pronounced for low photoexcitation energies, soft-X-ray ARPES delivers more accurate values of the mass enhancement due to a sharp definition of the 3D electron momentum. To demonstrate this effect in addition to the theoretical study, we show here new state of the art soft-X-ray and polarisation dependent ARPES measurments.
An electrochemiluminescence cloth-based biosensor with smartphone-based imaging for detection of lactate in saliva
Authors: Yao Yong , Li Huijie , Wang Dan , Liu Cuiling , Zhang Chunsun
Published: August 2017

An electrochemiluminescence cloth-based biosensor with smartphone-based imaging is firstly proposed, and is applied for facile detection of lactate in saliva.
Sequence-specific validation of LAMP amplicons in real-time optomagnetic detection of Dengue serotype 2 synthetic DNA
Authors: Minero Gabriel Antonio S. , Nogueira Catarina , Rizzi Giovanni , Tian Bo , Fock Jeppe , Donolato Marco , Strömberg Mattias , Hansen Mikkel F.
Published: August 2017

Loop-targeting detection probes are used to discriminate true positive from spurious DNA amplicons in a real-time optomagnetic LAMP nanobead assay.
Pulsed-field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance measurements (PFG NMR) for diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) mapping
Authors: Pagès G. , Gilard V. , Martino R. , Malet-Martino M.
Published: August 2017

The advent of Diffusion Ordered SpectroscopY (DOSY) NMR has enabled diffusion coefficients to be routinely measured and used to characterize chemical systems in solution. Indeed, DOSY NMR allows the separation of the chemical entities present in multicomponent systems and provides information on their intermolecular interactions as well as on their size and shape.
Colorimetric sensor for highly sensitive and selective detection of copper ion
Authors: Gao Qi , Ji Ling , Wang Qiaoning , Yin Kun , Li Jinhua , Chen Lingxin
Published: August 2017

Colorimetric detection of Cu2+based on the inhibiting effect of Cu2+on the reaction ofl-cysteine with the established probe Cy-NB.
An efficient grafting technique for producing molecularly imprinted film via reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization
Authors: Wang Y. , Jiao S. Q. , Chen X. L. , Wei T. X.
Published: August 2017

Herein, an efficient approach towards obtaining molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) film for the detection of 17β-estradiol (E2) with water-compatible properties using a reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) via photo-initiation is described.
Ionic manipulation of charge-transfer and photodynamics of [60]fullerene confined in pyrrolo-tetrathiafulvalene cage
Authors: Bähring Steffen , Larsen Karina R. , Supur Mustafa , Nielsen Kent A. , Poulsen Thomas , Ohkubo Kei , Marlatt Craig W. , Miyazaki Eigo , Takimiya Kazuo , Flood Amar H. , Fukuzumi Shunichi , Jeppesen Jan O.
Published: August 2017

A TTF cage confining [60]fullerenes in which the Li+@C60 produces electron-transfer dynamics with the cage.
High-throughput and tunable synthesis of colloidal CsPbX3 perovskite nanocrystals in a heterogeneous system by microwave irradiation
Authors: Long Zi , Ren Hong , Sun Jianghui , Ouyang Jin , Na Na
Published: August 2017

A high-throughput and controllable synthesis of colloidal CsPbX3 perovskite NCs with tunable properties and morphologies was achieved by microwave irradiation within minutes.
Biguanides, anion receptors and sensors
Authors: Pushina Mariia , Anzenbacher Pavel
Published: August 2017

Biguanides are strong bases (pKa > 10), their protonated forms bind anions and may therefore act as receptors for anions.
Structural, optical and phonon properties of formate-based MOF phosphors with ethylammonium cations
Authors: Ptak M. , Pasińska K. , Głuchowski P. , Łukowiak A. , Ciupa A.
Published: August 2017

We report the structural and spectroscopic properties of metal–organic phosphors.
Self-aggregation propensity of the Tat peptide revealed by UV-Vis, NMR and MD analyses
Authors: Macchi Sara , Nifosì Riccardo , Signore Giovanni , Di Pietro Sebastiano , Boccardi Claudia , D'Autilia Francesca , Beltram Fabio , Cardarelli Francesco
Published: August 2017

The self-aggregation propensity of unlabeled and TAMRA-labeled Tat11 peptides has been revealed for the first time by UV-Vis, NMR and MD analyses.
Amine coupled ordered mesoporous (Co–N) co-doped TiO2: a green photocatalyst for the selective aerobic oxidation of thioether
Authors: Zou Mingming , Feng Lu , Thomas Tiju , Yang Minghui
Published: August 2017

Selective aerobic oxidation (conversion ∼76.4%) of thioether to sulfoxide is achieved using triethylamine-coupled mesoporous Co–N–TiO2 (specific surface area: 124 m2 g−1) visible-light photocatalysts.
An enhanced chemotherapeutic effect facilitated by sonication of MSN
Authors: Ding Yi , Song Ziyi , Liu Qian , Wei Shaohua , Zhou Lin , Zhou Jiahong , Shen Jian
Published: August 2017

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a non-invasive therapeutic modality for cancer treatment.
Probing the modulated formation of gold nanoparticles–beta-lactoglobulin corona complexes and their applications
Authors: Yang Jiang , Wang Bo , You Youngsang , Chang Woo-Jin , Tang Ke , Wang Yi-Cheng , Zhang Wenzhao , Ding Feng , Gunasekaran Sundaram
Published: August 2017

Understanding the interactions between proteins and nanoparticles (NPs) along with the underlying structural and dynamic information is of utmost importance to exploit nanotechnology for biomedical applications.
Biomimetic nanofibers can construct effective tissue-engineered intervertebral discs for therapeutic implantation
Authors: Yang Junchuan , Yang Xinglong , Wang Le , Zhang Wei , Yu Wenbo , Wang Nuoxin , Peng Baogan , Zheng Wenfu , Yang Guang , Jiang Xingyu
Published: August 2017

We developed a tissue engineered intervertebral disc (TE-IVD) based on biomimetic electrospun PCL/PLGA/Collagen nanofibers to address IVD degradation. Our study provides a novel approach for constructing TE-IVD.
PhenDV, a turn-off fluorescent quadruplex DNA probe for improving the sensitivity of drug screening assays
Authors: Beauvineau Claire , Guetta Corinne , Teulade-Fichou Marie-Paule , Mahuteau-Betzer Florence
Published: August 2017

PhenDV is a light-up probe for G4-fluorescent intercalator displacement. This potent G4-DNA binder discriminates between medium and high-affinity ligands.
Further enhanced oil recovery by branched-preformed particle gel/HPAM/surfactant mixed solutions after polymer flooding in parallel-sandpack models
Authors: Gong Houjian , Zhang Hao , Xu Long , Li Kangning , Yu Long , Li Yajun , Dong Mingzhe
Published: August 2017

How to further sweep residual oil from unswept areas is crucial to enhance oil recovery after polymer flooding, which is widely used.
A DFT analysis on the radical scavenging activity of oxygenated terpenoids present in the extract of the buds of Cleistocalyx operculatus
Authors: Ngo Thi Chinh , Dao Duy Quang , Nguyen Minh Thong , Nam Pham Cam
Published: August 2017

The antioxidant capacity of twenty-one oxygenated monoterpene and oxygenated desquiterpene compounds in the extract from Cleistocalyx operculatus has been computationally evaluated.
DOX-loaded pH-sensitive mesoporous silica nanoparticles coated with PDA and PEG induce pro-death autophagy in breast cancer
Authors: Duo Yanhong , Li Yang , Chen Changke , Liu Baiyun , Wang Xinyu , Zeng Xiaowei , Chen Hongbo
Published: August 2017

The development of multifunctional nano drug delivery carriers has been one of the most effective and prevailing approaches to overcome drug non-selectivity, low cell uptake efficiency and various side effects of traditional chemotherapy drugs.
Porous silicon filled with Pd/WO3–ZnO composite thin film for enhanced H2 gas-sensing performance
Authors: Kumar Arvind , Sanger Amit , Kumar Ashwani , Chandra Ramesh
Published: August 2017

FESEM surface morphology and the schematic view of the Pd/WO3–ZnO composite sensor with Ag paste contacts.
Multi-band visible photoresponse study of Co2+ doped ZnO nanoparticles
Authors: Jacob Anju Anna , Balakrishnan L. , Shambavi K. , Alex Z. C.
Published: August 2017

Cobalt doping enhances visible absorption in ZnO nanoparticles as a result of d–d transitions. By co-precipitation method, Zn1−xCoxO nanoparticles had been synthesised and multiband photodetectors were fabricated after characteristic analysis.
Fabrication of mechanically robust superhydrophobic steel surface with corrosion resistance property
Authors: Wang Peng , Yao Tao , Sun Bo , Ci Tiejun , Fan Xiaoliang , Han Huilong
Published: August 2017

This paper reports a simple and cheap method for preparing robust superhydrophobic steel surface, which could withstand sandpaper abrasion (24.50 kPa) for 2.24 m without losing superhydrophobicity.
Flexible piezocapacitive sensors based on wrinkled microstructures: toward low-cost fabrication of pressure sensors over large areas
Authors: Baek Seolhee , Jang Hayeong , Kim So Young , Jeong Heejeong , Han Singu , Jang Yunseok , Kim Do Hwan , Lee Hwa Sung
Published: August 2017

Wrinkled elastomeric templates prepared by stretching and releasing are utilized for demonstrating highly sensitive, simple, and low-cost piezocapacitive pressure sensors over large area.
Gas-switchable carbon nanotube/polymer hybrid membrane for separation of oil-in-water emulsions
Authors: Abraham Sinoj , Kumaran Surjith Kumar , Montemagno Carlo David
Published: August 2017

A gas responsive hybrid membrane is fabricated by surface-grafting PDEAEMA on carbon nanotubes.
Facile fabrication of raspberry-like composite microspheres for the construction of superhydrophobic films and applications in highly efficient oil–water separation
Authors: Yu Mingguang , Wang Qing , Zhang Min , Deng Qianjun , Chen Dongchu
Published: August 2017

Inspired by the “lotus effect”, we proposed a facile synthetic route toward raspberry-like PS@SiO2 microspheres, which further lead to superhydrophobic surfaces.
Inhomogeneous-collapse driven micelle–vesicle transition of amphiphilic block copolymers
Authors: Liu Biaolan , Wang Jian , Zhang Yu , Wu Shuaishuai , Ru Geying , Feng Jiwen
Published: August 2017

Inhomogeneous collapse of micelle shell driven micelle–vesicle transition of PDEAEMA133-b-PNIPA322 in alkaline solution supported by the two-step phase transition of core–shell micelles revealed by NMR integral is demonstrated.
Does Access to Visual Input Inhibit Auditory Development for Children With Cochlear Implants? A Review of the Evidence
Authors: McDaniel Jena , Camarata Stephen
Published: August 2017

Purpose

We review the evidence for attenuating visual input during intervention to enhance auditory development and ultimately improve spoken language outcomes in children with cochlear implants.

Background

Isolating the auditory sense is a long-standing tradition in many approaches for teaching children with hearing loss. However, the evidence base for this practice is surprisingly limited and not straightforward. We review four bodies of evidence that inform whether or not visual input inhibits auditory development in children with cochlear implants: (a) audiovisual benefits for speech perception and understanding for individuals with typical hearing, (b) audiovisual integration development in children with typical hearing, (c) sensory deprivation and neural plasticity, and (d) audiovisual processing in individuals with hearing loss.

Conclusions

Although there is a compelling theoretical rationale for reducing visual input to enhance auditory development, there is also a strong theoretical argument supporting simultaneous multisensory auditory and visual input to potentially enhance outcomes in children with hearing loss. Despite widespread and long-standing practice recommendations to limit visual input, there is a paucity of evidence supporting this recommendation and no evidence that simultaneous multisensory input is deleterious to children with cochlear implants. These findings have important implications for optimizing spoken language outcomes in children with cochlear implants.
Are We Slipping Them Through the Cracks? The Insufficiency of Norm-Referenced Assessments for Identifying Language Weaknesses in Children With Hearing Loss
Authors: Werfel Krystal L. , Douglas Michael
Published: August 2017

Children with hearing loss who use listening and spoken language increasingly reach performance within or above the average range on norm-referenced assessments of language ability prior to entering school; however, they continue to perform below expectations on language-based academic skills, such as reading. The purpose of this article was to identify limitations of making service provision decisions primarily on the basis of norm-referenced assessments for children with hearing loss. We offer evidence from a group of children with hearing loss who scored within 1.5 standard deviations of the mean on a norm-referenced omnibus language measure. These children with hearing loss performed more poorly than age-matched children with normal hearing on several measures derived from a naturalistic language sample. Based on the limitations of norm-referenced assessments and the findings of this study, we propose that language sample analysis should be used as primary evidence of language weakness for children with hearing loss.
Iron-Catalyzed C3-Formylation of Indoles with Formaldehyde and Aqueous Ammonia under Air
Authors: Yang Jin-Ming , Zeng Bu-Bing , Wang Qing-Dong , Zhou Bin , Fang Dong , Ren Jiangmeng
Published: August 2017

An efficient iron-catalyzed C3-selective formylation of free (N–H) or N-substituted indoles was developed by employing formaldehyde and aqueous ammonia, with air as the oxidant. This new method gave 3-formylindoles in moderate to excellent yields with fairly short reaction times. Moreover, this procedure for catalytic formylation of indoles can be applied to gram-scale syntheses.
Propensity Score Adjusted Comparison of Minimally Invasive versus Open Thymectomy in the Management of Early Stage Thymoma
Authors: Fadayomi Ayotunde , Iniguez Carlos , Chowdhury Ritam , Coppolino Antonio , Jacobson Francine , Jaklitsch Michael , Mody Gita
Published: August 2017

Background The benefits of minimally invasive versus open thymectomy for the management of thymoma are debatable. Further, patient factors contributing to the selection of operative technique are not well elucidated. We aim to identify the association between baseline patient characteristics with choice of surgical approach.

Methods Medical records of early stage thymoma (stages I and II) patients undergoing thymectomy between 2005 and 2015 at a single center were identified. Baseline characteristics and surgical outcomes such as prolonged length of stay (LOS ≥ 4 days), 90-day postoperative morbidity, completeness of resection, and recurrence or mortality free rates were compared by surgical approach.

Results Fifty-three patients underwent thymectomy (34 open [64.15%] vs. 19 minimally invasive [35.85%]). There were no statistical differences between the two surgical approaches in demographic variables, smoking status, lung function, comorbidity, tumor size, or staging. Open thymectomy had significantly prolonged LOS (≥4 days) compared with minimally invasive procedures (odds ratio: 11.65; p < 0.01). There were no significant differences in postoperative composite morbidity (p = 0.56), positive margin (p = 0.40), tumor within 0.1 cm of resection margin (p = 0.38), and survival probability estimates (log rank test; p = 0.48) between the two groups.

Conclusion Baseline patient characteristics were not associated with surgical approach selected for thymectomy. Minimally invasive thymectomy patients had shorter LOS but no significant differences in 90-day composite morbidity and recurrence or mortality. Larger multicenter studies are needed to evaluate factors contributing to patient selection for each approach, which may include surgeon preference.
The Global Initiative for Children's Surgery: Optimal Resources for Improving Care
Authors: Goodman Laura , St-Louis Etienne , Yousef Yasmine , Cheung Maija , Ure Benno , Ozgediz Doruk , Ameh Emmanuel , Bickler Stephen , Poenaru Dan , Oldham Keith , Farmer Diana , Lakhoo Kokila ,   GICS Collaborators
Published: August 2017

Background The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery reported that 5 billion people lack access to safe, affordable surgical care. The majority of these people live in low-resource settings, where up to 50% of the population is children. The Disease Control Priorities (Debas HTP, Donkor A, Gawande DT, Jamison ME, Kruk, and Mock CN, editors. Essential Surgery. Disease Control Priorities. Third Edition, vol 1. Essential Surgery. Washington, DC: World Bank; 2015) on surgery included guidelines for the improvement of access to surgical care; however, these lack detail for children's surgery.

Aim To produce guidance for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) on the resources required for children's surgery at each level of hospital care.

Methods The Global Initiative for Children's Surgery (GICS) held an inaugural meeting at the Royal College of Surgeons in London in May 2016, with 52 surgical providers from 21 countries, including 27 providers from 18 LMICs. Delegates engaged in working groups over 2 days to prioritize needs and solutions for optimizing children's surgical care; these were categorized into infrastructure, service delivery, training, and research. At a second GICS meeting in Washington in October 2016, 94 surgical care providers, half from LMICs, defined the optimal resources required at primary, secondary, tertiary, and national referral level through a series of working group engagements.

Results Consensus solutions for optimizing children's surgical care included the following:

An “Optimal Resources” document was produced detailing the facilities and resources required at each level of care.

Conclusion The Optimal Resources document has been produced by surgical providers from LMICs who have the greatest insight into the needs and priorities in their population. The document will be refined further through online GICS Working Groups and the World Health Organization for broad application to ensure all children have timely access to safe surgical care.
Endoscopic submucosal dissection of colitis-related dysplasia
Authors: Suzuki Noriko , Toyonaga Takashi , East James
Published: August 2017

Background and study aims Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) offers en bloc resection of lesions, allowing precise pathological assessment. Although possible in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, the chronic inflammation may increase the procedural risks and reduce the complete resection rate. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of ESD for UC and to consider the factors contributing to its technical difficulty.

Patients and methods Multicenter experiences of ESD for UC were retrospectively analyzed by reviewing endoscopic videos, pictures, reports, and clinical notes.

Results A total of 32 dysplastic lesions were included (23 in British patients, 9 in Japanese patients). The lesions were macroscopically flat or with subtle extension macroscopically in 30 patients (94 %), with a median size of 33 mm (range 12 – 73 mm), and were located in the distal colon, including one on a pouch anastomosis. Submucosal fibrosis and adipose deposition were observed in 31 (97 %) and 13 lesions (41 %), respectively. En bloc resection was possible in 29/32 lesions (91 %). One patient had delayed bleeding. Advanced pathology was observed in 11 lesions (35 %). Recurrence was observed in only one patient (after a median of 33 months [range 6 – 76 months]); however, three patients developed metachronous lesions.

Conclusions ESD is feasible for UC dysplasia without an increased rate of complications. Submucosal fibrosis and fat deposition were frequently observed and contributed to the technical complexity. Careful and intensive follow-up should be organized to detect metachronous lesions.
Didactic training vs. computer-based self-learning in the prediction of diminutive colon polyp histology by trainees: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Khan Taimur , Cinnor Birtukan , Gupta Neil , Hosford Lindsay , Bansal Ajay , Olyaee Mojtaba , Wani Sachin , Rastogi Amit
Published: August 2017

Background and study aim Experts can accurately predict diminutive polyp histology, but the ideal method to train nonexperts is not known. The aim of the study was to compare accuracy in diminutive polyp histology characterization using narrow-band imaging (NBI) between participants undergoing classroom didactic training vs. computer-based self-learning.

Participants and methods Trainees at two institutions were randomized to classroom didactic training or computer-based self-learning. In didactic training, experienced endoscopists reviewed a presentation on NBI patterns for adenomatous and hyperplastic polyps and 40 NBI videos, along with interactive discussion. The self-learning group reviewed the same presentation of 40 teaching videos independently, without interactive discussion. A total of 40 testing videos of diminutive polyps under NBI were then evaluated by both groups. Performance characteristics were calculated by comparing predicted and actual histology. Fisher’s exact test was used and P < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results A total of 17 trainees participated (8 didactic training and 9 self-learning). A larger proportion of polyps were diagnosed with high confidence in the classroom group (66.5 % vs. 50.8 %; P < 0.01), although sensitivity (86.9 % vs. 95.0 %) and accuracy (85.7 % vs. 93.9 %) of high-confidence predictions were higher in the self-learning group. However, there was no difference in overall accuracy of histology characterization (83.4 % vs. 87.2 %; P = 0.19). Similar results were noted when comparing sensitivity and specificity between the groups.

Conclusion The self-learning group showed results on a par with or, for high-confidence predictions, even slightly superior to classroom didactic training for predicting diminutive polyp histology. This approach can help in widespread training and clinical implementation of real-time polyp histology characterization.
Psychoanalyse und Psychiatrie-Enquete: Zeitzeugengespräche und Akten
Authors: Söhner Felicitas Petra , Fangerau Heiner , Becker Thomas
Published: August 2017

Hintergrund Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, die Rolle der Psychoanalyse in der Vorbereitung der Psychiatrie-Enquete und der Arbeit der
Enquetekommission in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland aus verschiedenen Perspektiven zu analysieren.

Methode Es wurden Experteninterviews inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet und durch Literaturrecherche und die Analyse von Archivalien
ergänzt.

Ergebnisse Zeitzeugengespräche, Literatur und Dokumente verweisen auf Einflüsse der Psychoanalyse als Fach auf die Erarbeitung der
Psychiatrie-Enquete. Akteure der Psychoanalyse waren im Vorfeld und in der Arbeit der Enquetekommission wirksam.

Schlussfolgerung Konzepte der Psychoanalyse wurden von Zeitzeugen als für die Vorbereitungszeit und die Arbeit an der
Psychiatrie-Enquete bedeutsam wahrgenommen. Inhaltliche Beiträge und Akteure wurden als Impulsgeber angesehen.
Analysis of InGaN nanodots grown by droplet heteroepitaxy using grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering and electron microscopy
Authors: Woodward J. M. , Nikiforov A. Yu. , Ludwig K. F. , Moustakas T. D.
Published: August 2017

We present a detailed structural investigation of self-assembled indium gallium nitride nanodots grown on c-plane aluminum nitride templates by the droplet heteroepitaxy technique in a plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy reactor. Various growth parameters, including the total coverage of the metal species, relative and total metal effusion fluxes, and nitridation temperature were investigated. Analyses of in situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction patterns and comparison with simulations showed that the resulting crystal structure was a mixture of wurtzite and twinned zinc blende phases, with the zinc blende phase increasingly dominant for lower metal coverages and lower nitridation temperatures, and the wurtzite phase increasingly dominant for higher nitridation temperature. Studies by field emission scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy revealed that the nanodots exhibit trimodal size distributions, with the dot morphologies of the intermediate size mode often resembling aggregations of distinct clusters. Nanodots grown at higher nitridation temperatures had larger inter-dot spacings, with hexagonal in-plane ordering observable at a sufficiently high temperature. Using grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering, we determined the nanodots to be approximately truncated cone shaped, and extracted the mean radius, height, and inter-dot distance for each distribution. Microstructural investigations of the nanodots by cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy indicated that the majority of the dots were formed in dislocation-free regions, and confirmed that the intermediate size dots were approximately truncated cone shaped and consisted of both zinc blende and wurtzite regions. Mapping of the elemental distributions by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy in scanning transmission electron microscopy mode indicated highly nonuniform indium distributions within both small and intermediate size dots which are potentially indicative of indium clustering and kinetically controlled nanoscale phase separation rather than the spinodal decomposition associated with bulk diffusion. The observed enrichment in indium concentration towards the tops of the nanodot layers could be ascribed to the compositional pulling effect.
Pulsed laser deposition for the synthesis of monolayer WSe2
Authors: Mohammed A. , Nakamura H. , Wochner P. , Ibrahimkutty S. , Schulz A. , Müller K. , Starke U. , Stuhlhofer B. , Cristiani G. , Logvenov G. , Takagi H.
Published: August 2017

Atomically thin films of WSe2 from one monolayer up to 8 layers were deposited on an Al2O3 r-cut (11¯02) substrate using a hybrid-Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) system where a laser ablation of pure W is combined with a flux of Se. Specular X-ray reflectivities of films were analysed and were consistent with the expected thickness. Raman measurement and atomic force microscopy confirmed the formation of a WSe2 monolayer and its spatial homogeneity over the substrate. Grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction uncovered an in-plane texture in which WSe2 [101¯0] preferentially aligned with Al2O3 [112¯0]. These results present a potential to create 2D transition metal dichalcogenides by PLD, where the growth kinetics can be steered in contrast to common growth techniques like chemical vapor deposition and molecular beam epitaxy.
Scanning tunneling spectroscopy to probe site-selection in heterovalent doping: Zn(II)-doped Cu(I)In(III)S2 as a case study
Authors: Kundu Biswajit , Pal Amlan J.
Published: August 2017

We report scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) of a heterovalent-doped ternary compound semiconductors and their binary counterparts. The effect of dopants in the semiconductors that yielded a shift in Fermi energy has been found to be manifested in the density of states (DOS) spectrum. The shift infers the nature of doping, which the heterovalent dopants induce, and hence the site of the ternary system that the dopants occupy. For example, in the present case with Zn(II)-doped Cu(I)In(III)S2, the DOS spectra showed a shift in Fermi energy towards the conduction band and hence a n-type doping due to the introduction of electrons. Such a shift inferred that the bivalent dopants occupied the cuprous site. The results have been substantiated by STS studies of doped binary components, namely, Cu2S and In2S3 and shift in Fermi energy thereof. With the tuning in the Fermi energy, the homojunctions between undoped and doped semiconductors have a type-II band-alignment at the interface resulting in current rectification through the junctions. The band-diagram of the homojunctions formed through STS substantiated the direction of current-rectification in the junctions.
Development of a wavy Stark velocity filter for studying interstellar chemistry
Authors: Okada Kunihiro , Takada Yusuke , Kimura Naoki , Wada Michiharu , Schuessler Hans A.
Published: August 2017

Cold polar molecules are key to both the understanding of fundamental physics and the characterization of the chemical evolution of interstellar clouds. To facilitate such studies over a wide range of temperatures, we developed a new type of Stark velocity filter for changing the translational and rotational temperatures of velocity-selected polar molecules without changing the output beam position. The translational temperature of guided polar molecules can be significantly varied by exchanging the wavy deflection section with one having a different radius of the curvature and a different deflection angle. Combining in addition a temperature variable gas cell with the wavy Stark velocity filter enables to observe the translational and rotational temperature dependence of the reaction-rate constants of cold ion-polar molecule reactions over the interesting temperature range of 10–100 K.