bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
(Post)tiesa ir žinojimas filosofiniu, sociologiniu ir komunikaciniu požiūriu
Authors: Rimkus Edvardas
Published: April 2023

Straipsnyje apžvelgiama mokslinė konferencija „(Post)tiesa ir žinojimas filosofiniu, sociologiniu ir komunikaciniu požiūriu“, įvykusi Lietuvos mokslų akademijoje. Kon­ ferencijoje nagrinėtos temos: tiesa ir posttiesa Rusijoje, žmogaus tapatumas medijo­ se, tiesos problema Martino Heideggerio filosofijoje, techninės posttiesos galimybės sąlygos, pedagogika (post)tiesos sąlygomis, nesutarimo etika ir diplomatija bei racio­ nalumų įvairovė, politinis veikimas posttiesos sąlygomis, politinis ethos, posttiesos apraiškos medijose ir propagandoje, sąmokslo teorijos ir posttiesos santykis, taip pat analizuota posttiesos būklė per žaidimo fenomenologijos prizmę ir kt. Straipsnyje ap­ tariamos pagrindinės konferencijos pranešėjų mintys, su kai kuriomis jų polemizuoja­ ma, apžvelgiami svarbesni diskusijų momentai.
What Western Democracies can Learn from China?
Authors: Svigaris Žilvinas
Published: April 2023

Western democracies have become neoliberal with all the disproportions of economic and political power that have emerged in capitalist society. The power acquired in the free market not only deforms the integrity of society and economic and political balance, but also it has become virtually impossible for democracy as a form of government to exist. As the scale of the free market became global, the economic entity has also gone global creating disproportions that have led Western democracies to be ruled by economic entities rather than political ones. However, proper education, the use of new economic decentralisation trends, changing the role of politicians and the activity of citizens, and emerging new possibilities of digital democracy give us a glimpse of how to use the opportunities of the free market for strengthening democracies. At the same time, the reforms that have taken place in China in recent years have paradoxically shown that neoliberalism can also have positive aspects for society, which, as a new balance of economic and political capital, can be applied in the West as well.
Heidegger: German Idealism and Ecstatic Temporality
Authors: Stasiulis Nerijus
Published: April 2023

The article discusses the significance of Hegel’s and especially Schelling’s concepts for the formation of Heidegger’s conceptions of Being and ecstatic time. It is argued that the authors of German Idealism began to think about the Absolute in temporal and historical terms, and that this set the stage for Heidegger’s historical and temporal understanding of Being. Crucially, negativity is included in the structure of Being. The ecstatic structure of Being and time itself is shaped by Schelling’s thought on the dialectic of ground and existence.
The Third Translation of Gediminas’s Letters in to Lithuanian
Authors: Baranauskas Tomas
Published: April 2023

Gedimino laiškai. Sudarė ir iš lotynų kalbos vertė S. Narbutas.

Įvadą ir komentarus parašė D. Kuolys. Iliustracijas piešė Marius Jonaitis.
Performer les pensées par les langages : un agir éthique
Authors: Cayet Anne-Sophie
Published: April 2023

Philosopher avec des élèves allophones nouvellement arrivés en France implique un ethos particulier: le refus de participer à l’assimilation des individus à un modèle dominant en niant leur singularité et la complexité de leur parcours biographique et socioculturel. Il s’agit au contraire de chercher à inclure l’Autre (sa pensée, son imaginaire, ses langues) en mettant en place des dispositifs favorisant l’intercompréhension et la construction commune, dans la diversité. Dans cette optique, les ateliers de philosophie mis en place avec ces jeunes s’appuient sur une démarche performative et interprétative. Cette posture et cette pratique rejoignent l’éthique du care, à la fois dans son appréhension de la vulnérabilité et dans sa conception de la culture démocratique.
Penser une éducation dialogique et non relativiste des droits humains : l’apport des ambitions théoriques de Lipman et Sharp à la lumière des éthiques du care
Authors: Dufourt Pénélope
Published: April 2023

Cet article a pour objet de présenter en quoi le projet pédagogique de Lipman et Sharp pourrait offrir un certain éclairage sur les conditions de possibilité d’une éducation aux droits humains qui se voudrait plus respectueuse du pluralisme existant au sein des sociétés humaines. Pour ce faire, un détour par les éthiques du care semble essentiel car, du fait de leur origine philosophique pragmatiste, elles apportent une réflexion théorique sur les fondements épistémologiques et éthiques d’une éducation promouvant le pluralisme épistémique. Nous nous demanderons dans quelle mesure la communauté de recherche philosophique de Lipman et Sharp peut ainsi instituer une pratique éducative de care, elle-même condition de possibilité d’une éducation dialogique et non relativiste, répondant en partie aux enjeux soulevés par la volonté de promouvoir une éducation pluraliste des droits humains.
Mobiliser des traces du travail réel en formation : la photographie adressée
Authors: Filippi Pierre-Alain , Félix Marie-Christine , Mouton Jean-Claude
Published: April 2023

Cette contribution vise à présenter une méthode de formation, la «photographie adressée», qui est adossée à un cadre théorique inscrit dans une tradition historico-culturelle et à l’analyse du travail. Élaborée à partir des traces du travail réel, cette méthode s’appuie sur l’usage de la photographie comme outil de médiation dans l’alternance entre le stage en milieu scolaire et les cours dans l’institut de formation initiale des enseignants. Elle s’intéresse au développement de l’expérience des stagiaires en cherchant à le provoquer et l’accompagner à partir d’une succession de prises de conscience au cours des différentes phases contribuant à la multiplication des contextes – temps et espaces – de formation.
Challenge Based Learning: uma análise do treinamento de competências profissionais em empreendedores
Authors: De Aquino Leonardo Mohandas Pantoja , Roazzi Antonio , De Souza Bruno Campello , De Paula Silvio Luiz , Pinto Jananda da Silva
Published: April 2023

O presente estudo teve por objetivo verificar a eficácia da Challenge Based Learning-CBL no treinamento de competências profissionais de empreendedores em comparação com método tradicional de ensino. Foi realizado um experimento baseado em intervenção educacional e realizadas avaliações por três especialistas em empreendedorismo. Participaram do experimento 49 alunos de cursos de administração e áreas afins da região metropolitana do Recife. Estes foram divididos em grupo de controle com 26 participantes treinados por metodologia tradicional, e grupo experimental com 23 participantes treinados por metodologia CBL. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva para análise sociodemográfica da amostra e análises de variância multivariada e teste post-hoc de Tukey para realização das comparações dos dados experimentais. Os resultados indicam que o grupo experimento (CBL), quando comparado ao grupo controle, apresentou um melhor desempenho com diferenças estatisticamente significantes.  Este resultado evidencia que a CBL seja uma metodologia relevante no treinamento de empreendedores, sobretudo no que tange ao desenvolvimento de suas competências profissionais.
Metodologias ativas de ensino em administração e ciências contábeis: um estudo bibliométrico entre 2011 e 2021
Authors: Spezia Ricardo Artur , De Souza Júlio Cesar Lopes
Published: April 2023

A utilização de metodologias ativas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem na educação superior valoriza o desenvolvimento profissional do sujeito considerando, além do conhecimento técnico, as habilidades sociais, afetivas e emocionais, sendo uma contraproposta ao método passivo tradicional. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho é mapear pesquisas empíricas sobre o uso de metodologias ativas de ensino nos cursos de administração e ciências contábeis no Brasil entre 2011 e 2021. O estudo caracteriza-se como descritivo, documental e quantitativo, e utiliza a abordagem da bibliometria para a identificação de trabalhos e análise de dados. A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados Portal CAPES e Google Scholar. A busca inicial retornou 66 trabalhos, e após a aplicação de cinco critérios, restaram 18 trabalhos para a análise. A análise foi conduzida em linha com as leis de Bradford, Lotka e Zipf da bibliometria. Os resultados indicam os periódicos com maior número de publicações no período, o momento de crescimento na publicação de estudos, metodologias ativas mais disseminada, autores mais citados, entre outras decorrências do estudo. Além disso, na análise das experiências de aplicação das metodologias ativas em sala de aula, nota-se que as metodologias cumprem o papel de desenvolvimento de habilidades sociais, em consonância com a literatura, e motivam a participação dos acadêmicos em sala de aula, sendo consideradas superior que o método tradicional de ensino na percepção dos alunos.
Percepção dos alunos do curso de logística quanto às competências necessárias ao seu exercício profissional
Authors: Ferreira Luciano da Silva , Kanaane Roberto
Published: April 2023

O artigo apresenta uma análise da percepção dos discentes do curso de Tecnologia em Logística da Faculdade de Tecnologia (FATEC) Guarulhos, tendo em vista a relevância das competências relacionadas ao exercício profissional em Logística. A metodologia assumiu caráter descritivo, sob o enfoque da pesquisa de campo, originando-se em uma amostra não probabilística e fazendo o uso da aplicação de um questionário e sua respectiva análise. Como resultado identificou-se as dez principais competências, na opinião dos alunos, destacando-se entre elas o relacionamento com os clientes.
Modus vivendi de los mineros de carbón en la provincia del Sugamuxi en Boyacá – Colombia
Authors: Millán Oscar Ulises González , Millán Jose Javier Gonzalez , Gutiérrez Diego Ferney Patarroyo
Published: April 2023

La minería en los últimos años se ha convertido en un tema controversial, puesto que por una parte ha beneficiado económicamente al país y a las familias que dependen de esta actividad, pero también se ha evidenciado el daño ambiental que las malas prácticas y la poca responsabilidad social han hecho del sector y de la explotación minera una de las más discutidas. Por lo cual, con la presente investigación se exploran los diferentes conceptos, practicas, normas, estadísticas y caracterización del talento humano vinculado al trabajo de la minería de carbón en la provincia de Sugamuxi, caracterizada por ser de vocación minera y por ser la región objeto de estudio en el proyecto macro de caracterización minera. Se considera que, para alcanzar el objetivo de la investigación, se utilizó como instrumento de recolección de información la encuesta ajustada de RELAVE (2002), la cual como es un estudio en proceso se aplicó a 100 trabajadores de las minas de carbón de los municipios de Sogamoso (incluida Morca), Iza y Gameza distribuidos en 21 minas que se encuentran en dichos sectores.
Mark granovetter nos estudos do empreendedorismo e da inovação: uma revisão bibliométrica da última década
Authors: Fortes Gustavo Passos , Oliveira Túlio Silva , Borges Junior Cândido Vieira
Published: April 2023

O presente estudo verifica a produção científica que utiliza a nova sociologia econômica (NSE) de Granovetter nos estudos sobre empreendedorismo e inovação. Foi realizado um estudo bibliométrico, selecionando trabalhos da base Scopus, organizando-os em duas amostras: uma com trabalhos que enfocam o empreendedorismo e outra com trabalhos que enfocam a inovação, de modo a realizar análises comparativas entre os dois campos de estudo. Realizou-se também análise qualitativa de quatro principais artigos extraídos da amostra, para melhor visualização de uma agenda de pesquisa. A NSE de Granovetter dá ênfase nas relações entre os indivíduos, especialmente nas suas ações econômicas e organizacionais. Nos estudos de empreendedorismo e inovação, a abordagem discute os efeitos das relações interpessoais nas ações empreendedoras e nos processos de inovação, influenciando no comportamento econômico dos agentes. Como resultado da análise, este estudo aponta as principais referências, autores, países e redes de relacionamento. Além disso, esta pesquisa também contribui com sugestões para pesquisas futuras sobre a NSE na perspectiva de Granovetter nas temáticas do empreendedorismo e da inovação.
Variations in Renal Arteries- A Cadaveric Study in Telangana, India
Authors: Sirikonda Parimala , Mariya . , Sugavasi Raju , Katikireddi Raja Sekhar
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Regarding the disorders associated with multiple renal arteries, they are of specific interest to urologists, nephrologists, surgeons, and radiologists. Aim: To identify the presence of multiple renal arteries in the human cadavers. Materials and Methods: An observational cadaveric study was conducted on 50 formalin-fixed human cadavers in Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, from May 2017 to July 2022. Dissection procedure was followed according to standard techniques. Variations and patterns of renal arteries were observed. Descriptive statistics were used and results were expressed in terms of frequency (N) and percentages (%). Results: Out of 50 cadavers, variations in the renal artery were seen in eight cadavers. Four cadavers showed double renal arteries (one right side and three left side). Three cadavers showed early division and one cadaver which has shown double Right Renal Artery (RRA) also showed Early Division of RRA (ED of RRA) and one cadaver showed an Accessory Renal Artery (ARA) on the left side. Conclusion: Variations observed were mainly double renal arteries, early division of the renal arteries, and ARA. This kind of different pattern of variations may play an important role in renal transplants and any surgeries involving the renal arteries.
An Evaluation of the Colour Stability and Surface Roughness of High Translucency Zirconia Dental Ceramic after Immersion in Different Acidic Media: An In-vitro Study
Authors: Shetty Mallika , Shetty Sanath Kumar , Harini K , Sarfaraz Hasan , Zahid Mohammed , Mohammad Fahad
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Demand for increasingly appealing metal-free ceramic restorations drives research. With its exceptional mechanical and biological properties, zirconia crown outperforms other traditional ceramic materials. With outstanding mechanical and biological qualities, zirconia has several therapeutic applications. Temperature, environment, diet, and smoking habits all affect colour and surface roughness of dental restorations. Aim: To investigate the colour stability and surface roughness of high translucency monolithic zirconia following immersion in various acidic solutions. Materials and Methods: This in-vitro study was conducted at Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India. Duration of the study was 6 months, from December 2019 to June 2020. Thirty rectangular samples from a CAD (computer-aided Design)/ Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) machined Zirconia blank with 10x8x1 mm dimensions was sintered at 1350°C, tested for colour stability (E) and surface roughness prior to immersion (R). Classified into Groups CO (coffee), TO (tobacco) and CA (citric acid medium). Colour stability and surface roughness were re-evaluated post immersion on all samples using spectrophotometers and profilometer respectively. A significant difference in surface roughness and colour stability between the test groups was assessed using the paired-t test. The data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0. Results: Colour stability and surface roughness variations between the baseline value and three groups were found to be unaltered by different acidic media. The intergroup comparison of spectrophotometric analysis between the three groups had a standard deviation of 0.422 for citric acid medium, 0.316 for Coffee medium and 0.422 for Tobacco medium with an overall p-value of 0.804. The intergroup comparison of profilometric analysis had a standard deviation of 0.316 for Citric acid medium, 0.00 for Coffee medium and 0.00 for Tobacco medium with an overall p-value of 0.381. The paired-t-test study showed that immersion in different acidic media had little effect on surface roughness of samples with a p-value of 0.343 but it was under clinically acceptable range. Conclusion: According to the present study, high translucency monolithic zirconia had greater colour stability when treated with citric acid, followed by tobacco and then with coffee media, whereas, zirconia in coffee media had greater surface roughness, followed by tobacco, and then with citric acid media. However, both the results were clinically acceptable, indicating a 10 year lifespan when properly glazed.
Unravelling the Gaps in Anaemia Control among Pregnant Women- A Qualitative Study from an Urban Setting
Authors: Jain Timsi , Charumathi B , Mohan Yogesh , Sangzuali Hmangaih , Jayasurya M , Heera P
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Nutritional anaemia is one of the biggest public health problems of our country. Inspite of anaemia control being one of the oldest National Health Programmes, the prevalence of anaemia among the pregnant women has practically remained the same since the last five decades. This implies that something critical is being missed in the entire chain of operations of the programme. Aim: To explore the missing links and real factors impacting the success of anaemia control among pregnant women. Materials and Methods: A qualitative study was conducted among currently pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of a Tertiary Care Hospital in urban Chennai, India from June 2022 to August 2022. In-depth interviews were conducted with the pregnant women to discover the pregnant mothers’ perspectives and challenges in cmpliance with the anaemia control initiatives. Results: A total of 25 pregnant mothers were interviewed in the study. The mean age was 28.3±4.07 years. Eight mothers were primiparous, and seventeen multiparous. Twelve mothers were anaemic as per their last Hb estimation. Though there was reasonably good knowledge among the pregnant mothers regarding anaemia and its treatment, there was a significant gap in compliance to the anaemia prophylaxis/treatment. Several common critical issues surfaced in the study which was related to the social norms, family dynamics, health system and support related to management of side-effects. Conclusion: It is essential to address the operational gaps and the unique issues of treatment compliance in our society. Behavioural change communication needs to be specific and targeted, mothers need a better health and social support system to manage the side-effects of Iron-Folic Acid (IFA) and the healthcare system needs to involve other key decision makers in the household like husbands, mother in laws to provide a supportive environment.
Studies on the Optical Dispersion Parameters and Electronic Polarizability of Cadmium Sulphide Thin Film
Authors: Okorie O. , Buba A. D. A.
Published: April 2023

Thin film of Cadmium Sulphide (CdS) was deposited onto a precleaned transparent glass substrate by chemical bath deposition technique from a bath containing Cadmium acetate, ammonium acetate, thiourea and ammonium hydroxide. The deposition time was varied from 10 minutes to 50 minutes at an interval of 20 minutes keeping the bath at a constant temperature of  using 78HW-1 constant magnetic stirrer. CdS thin film was characterized by UV-Visible spectrophotometer within the wavelength range of 280 nm – 920 nm using Single – Beam Helios Omega UV – VIS spectrophotometer. The optical parameters; extinction coefficient, refractive index and dielectric constant of CdS thin film were analyzed from the absorption spectra and were found to be affected by the deposition time. The optical band gap energy was obtained by Tauc’s equation and were found to decrease from 3.78 eV – 3.70 eV as the deposition time increases. The dispersion parameters (dispersion energy , oscillation energy , moment of optical dispersion spectra and , static dielectric constant and static refractive index ) were calculated using theoretical Wemple-DiDomenico model. The result show that only  and  behaved differently but other parameters increase as the deposition time increases. The oscillator strength , oscillator wavelength , high frequency dielectric constant and high frequency refractive index were calculated using single Sellmeier oscillator model. While  behaved differently other parameters increase as the deposition time increased. Also, Lattice dielectric constant , N/m* and plasma resonance frequency  were equally obtained. While  decrease with increase in deposition time, N/m* increase with deposition time. The electronic polarizability  of CdS thin film was estimated by Lorenz - Lorentz equation and Clausius Mossotti local field polarizability model. The value is an indication that the films showed good response on the application of photon energy. However, its response reduces as the deposition time increases.
Effect of Nano Nitrogen and Zinc Application on Dry Matter at Different Stages and Grain, Straw Yield of Paddy
Authors: Reddy J. Akshay , Patnaik M. Chandini , Anjaiah T. , Sreelatha D. , Reddy P. Naga Seshi
Published: April 2023

A Pot culture experiment was carried out at Agriculture Research Institute, Rajendranagar, To study the impact of Nano Nitrogen in combination with zinc (soil application or foliar spray) on yield, in paddy crop. The soils employed in net house experiment were selected based on low, medium and high zinc availability classes obtained from the zinc analysis data of surveyed samples. They are low (0.4 mg kg-1), medium (0.71 mg kg-1) and high (1.30 mg kg-1).  The results revealed that the highest dry matter at Panicle initiation, Grain and Straw yield were observed in the treatment applied with  hundred percent recommended dose of nitrogen through NCU granules along with RDPK and soil application of 25 kg zinc sulphate ha-1 resulted in an increase in grain and straw yields by 23 & 24 % over basal application of 1/3rd of 100 % RDN through NCU granules along with RDPK coupled with Nano nitrogen sprays (each at MT & PI stages in rice) and soil application of 25 kg zinc sulphate ha-1
Effect of Nanoparticles and Organic Extract Preservatives on Vase Life of Cut Flowers: A Review
Authors: Konsam Sunaina , Sahu Jitendra Kumar
Published: April 2023

Cut flowers are used to express appreciation, affection and express emotions on various special occasions. The international trade in cut flowers has expanded in recent years and is expected to grow with the promotion and use of horticultural plants for their therapeutic benefits. Vase life is the period during which a cut flower maintains its appearance in the vase. This is a crucial factor in determining which plant species are ideal for use in floristry, with long vase life plants being considerably more  desirable than short vase life plants. Chemical treatments that extend the life of vases are a major part of floristry. Adding sugars to a vase solution with cut flowers is known to delay aging and extend the life of the vase. Nano-sensors could therefore also help to extend the life of vases with cut flowers and thus enable the monitoring of ethylene concentrations in the warehouses of large growers and wholesalers. In floriculture, nanotechnology has increased yield to potential market value, particularly for essential micronutrients essential for host defence.
Economics and Public Health Implications of Solid Waste Management in Nigeria: A Review
Authors: Benjamin G. O. , Benjamin E.
Published: April 2023

Nigeria's population growth as a result of urban techno-economic development and changes in the production and consumption of materials has increased the amount of solid trash produced. The nation's existing waste management procedures are unsustainable and are putting both the environment and the economy in danger. In this research, we evaluate the major elements of the available literature, including waste characterization, waste management techniques, economic impacts of solid waste management as well as the consequences on public health. From the result of the investigation, it was determined that the country's current waste management practices are unsuccessful and that improper solid waste management has a detrimental influence on public health, contributing to diseases like typhoid, cholera, polio, malaria, and yellow fever. Yet, properly managed solid waste can also provide some economic benefits, such as providing industries with raw materials and a means of subsistence for the individuals who are employed in the management process. So, to handle solid waste efficiently, households must be educated on proper disposal methods, and waste management organizations must create recycling facilities.
A Case Study of Gastro Paresis in a Patient with New Corona Virus Infection after Rectal Cancer Surgery
Authors: Jun Fu Zhi , Long Wu Wen , Abbas Muhammad , Guang LI Shu , Jie Bi Ren , Fu Cao Ming
Published: April 2023

Background: In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, surgical personnel and patients experience many diagnosis and treatment-related challenges. COVID-19 is highly virulent, and thus, immediate, safe, and effective solutions to the patients’ management are required. Research collaboration and knowledge dissemination are necessary to optimize medical and surgical approaches to the individual patients’ needs.

Gastric manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection are not uncommon and may even precede respiratory symptoms. Common gastrointestinal symptoms include loss of appetite, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain.

Case Presentation: A 50-year-old male patient complained of "blood in the stool and tenesmus for half a year" and was admitted to the hospital on March 2, 2023. Half a year ago, the patient had blood in the stool without obvious incentives, the bleeding was bright red, the habit of defecation changed, the stool became thinner, and the frequency of defecation increased, 3-5 times a day, and the amount was not much. At that time, he went to a regular medical institution for any treatment measures.
Investing Data Flow Issue by using Rayleigh Model in Cloud Computing
Authors: N Gunalan , R Kavin Kumar , B Saravanan , S Surya , T Saran Sujai
Published: April 2023

Programming groups benefit significantly from programming error forecasting, which also advances current achievement. Programming imperfection expectation has been the subject of experimental studies on both inside- and outside-project deformity forecast. However, current analyses dont appear to be able to provide a method for estimating the number of flaws in a soon-to-be-released product. This paper describes such an approach and determines the relationship between each indicator variable and the total number of defects using indicator variables obtained from the deformity speed increase, namely the imperfection thickness, deformity speed, and imperfection presentation time. We describe how a coordinated AI strategy was used in light of relapse models created using these indicator criteria. 3 distinct datasets with 228 occurrences were taken from the Kaggle store and subjected to analysis. The modified R-square for the relapse model developed as a component of the usual deformity speed was 98.6%, with a p-value of 0.001 being achieved. With a connection value of 0.98, the average deformity speed is clearly correlated with the number of flaws. As a result, it is demonstrated how this process might provide a framework for programmer testing in order to increase the viability of programming advancement activities.
Opportunities to Promote Food and Nutrition Security as the Federal Public Health Emergency Ends
Authors: Bleich Sara N. , Fiechtner Lauren , Kenney Erica L.
Published: April 2023

This JAMA Forum discusses key changes to the social safety net after the COVID-19 public health emergency ends and provides information regarding the ways health care professionals can support individuals experiencing food and nutrition security.
Trends in Severe Outcomes Among Adult and Pediatric Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program, March 2020 to May 2022
Authors: Mitchell Robyn , Cayen Joelle , Thampi Nisha , Frenette Charles , Bartoszko Jessica , Choi Kelly Baekyung , Comeau Jeannette L. , Conly John , Ellis Chelsey , Ellison Jennifer , Embil John , Evans Gerald , Johnston Lynn , Johnstone Jennie , Katz Kevin C. , Kibsey Pamela , Lee Bonita , Lefebvre Marie-Astrid , Longtin Yves , McGeer Allison , Mertz Dominik , Minion Jessica , Rudnick Wallis , Silva Anada , Smith Stephanie W. , Srigley Jocelyn A. , Suh Kathryn N. , Tomlinson Jen , Wong Alice , Pelude Linda
Published: April 2023

Importance

Trends in COVID-19 severe outcomes have significant implications for the health care system and are key to informing public health measures. However, data summarizing trends in severe outcomes among patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Canada are not well described.

Objective

To describe trends in severe outcomes among patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design, Setting, and Participants

Active prospective surveillance in this cohort study was conducted from March 15, 2020, to May 28, 2022, at a sentinel network of 155 acute care hospitals across Canada. Participants included adult (aged ≥18 years) and pediatric (aged 0-17 years) patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 at a Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program (CNISP)–participating hospital.

Exposures

COVID-19 waves, COVID-19 vaccination status, and age group.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The CNISP collected weekly aggregate data on the following severe outcomes: hospitalization, admission to an intensive care unit (ICU), receipt of mechanical ventilation, receipt of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and all-cause in-hospital death.

Results

Among 1 513 065 admissions, the proportion of adult (n = 51 679) and pediatric (n = 4035) patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 was highest in waves 5 and 6 of the pandemic compared with waves 1 to 4 (77.3 vs 24.7 per 1000 patient admissions). Despite this, the proportion of patients with positive test results for COVID-19 who were admitted to an ICU, received mechanical ventilation, received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and died were each significantly lower in waves 5 and 6 when compared with waves 1 through 4. Admission to the ICU and in-hospital all-cause death rates were significantly higher among those who were unvaccinated against COVID-19 when compared with those who were fully vaccinated (incidence rate ratio, 4.3 and 3.9, respectively) or fully vaccinated with an additional dose (incidence rate ratio, 12.2 and 15.1, respectively).

Conclusions and Relevance

The findings of this cohort study of patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 suggest that COVID-19 vaccination is important to reduce the burden on the Canadian health care system as well as severe outcomes associated with COVID-19.
Patient Perception of Education, Care Coordination, and Psychological Distress After Developing Facial Paralysis
Authors: Kenton Natalie R. , Estafanous Merai , Itamura Kyohei , Filus Ania , Gowrinathan Shanthi , Martin Neil A. , Sivakumar Walavan , Barkhoudarian Garni , Byrne Patrick J. , Kochhar Amit
Published: April 2023

Importance

The management of vestibular schwannoma may include observation, microsurgical resection, or radiation of a tumor near the facial nerve. Injury to the facial nerve can result in facial paralysis with major functional, social, and psychological sequelae, and the experiences of patients after paralysis are not well studied.

Objective

To (1) identify patient preparedness for developing facial paralysis and how well their care is coordinated following its development and (2) present in their own words outcomes of facial paralysis in terms of physical health, emotional health, self-perception, and social interactions.

Design, Setting, and Participants

A qualitative observational study was performed using semistructured interviews at a tertiary care academic medical center. Semistructured interviews were conducted between January 1, 2018, and June 30, 2019, with adults aged 25 to 70 years who developed facial paralysis after treatment for vestibular schwannoma. Data were analyzed from July 2019 to June 2020.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Perceptions of the educational and emotional experiences of individuals who developed complete facial paralysis after surgical treatment of vestibular schwannoma.

Results

Overall, 12 participants were interviewed (median age, 54 years [range, 25-70 years]; 11 were female). Saturation was achieved after 12 interviews, indicating that no further information could be elicited from additional interviews. Four major themes were identified: (1) lack of sufficient patient education about the diagnosis of facial paralysis; (2) lack of appropriate care coordination related to facial paralysis; (3) changes in physical and emotional health following facial paralysis; and (4) changes in social interactions and external support following facial paralysis.

Conclusions and Relevance

It is well-known that patients with facial paralysis have reduced quality of life, severe psychological and emotional sequelae. However, little is currently done to help prepare patients for this undesirable outcome. In this qualitative study of facial paralysis, patients express, in their own words, their feeling that the education and management of facial paralysis by their clinicians was inadequate. Before patients undergo surgery, and certainly after injury to the facial nerve, clinicians should consider the patient’s goals, preferences, and values to ensure that a comprehensive educational program and psychosocial support system are implemented. Facial reanimation research has not adequately captured these key patient factors associated with the quality of communication.
Alleviating the Work Function of Vein‐Like CoXP by Cr Doping for Enhanced Seawater Electrolysis
Authors: Song Yanyan , Sun Mingzi , Zhang Shucong , Zhang Xiaoyan , Yi Peng , Liu Junzhe , Huang Bolong , Huang Minghua , Zhang Lixue
Published: April 2023

For mass production of hydrogen fuel by electrochemical water splitting, seawater is preferred because of its abundant reserves on Earth. However, the current seawater electrolysis technology is seriously hindered by the low selectivity and poor stability of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at anode due to undesirable chloride electrochemistry and severe corrosion in practical application. Herein, based on the “work function optimization” concept, vein‐like Cr‐doping CoxP is rationally designed as a highly‐efficient OER electrocatalyst for direct seawater electrolysis, achieving current densities of 20 and 100 mA cm–2 at overpotentials of 268 and 325 mV, respectively, together with high OER selectivity and long‐term stability. Experimental data and theoretical calculations reveal that the regulation of the electronic structure of CoxP induced by Cr doping strongly alleviates the work function of CoxP, which not only accelerates the electron transfer between the catalyst surface and the absorbates but also lowers the energy barriers of water dissociation and rate‐determining step for both OER and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Moreover, Cr doping also protects the Co sites with robust valence states to maintain their high performance during the OER process, providing a new avenue to design non‐noble metal‐based catalysts for hydrogen generation from seawater electrolysis.
An Artificial Neuromuscular System for Bimodal Human–Machine Interaction
Authors: Geng Sunyingyue , Fan Shuangqing , Li Hangfei , Qi Yashuai , An Chunhua , Wu Enxiu , Su Jie , Liu Jing
Published: April 2023

Neuromuscular system enabled muscle functions are critical for body movements, such as rhythmic motions and other complexed movements. Imparting artificial neuromuscular system to advanced robots and interactive systems can potentially improve their sensorimotor coordination and interactivity. Here, an artificial neuromuscular system is reported to mimic the sensing, processing, and manipulation of neuromuscular information, which consists of a triboelectric nano‐generator (TENG), SnErOx neuromorphic transistors (SENTs), and the signal‐converting system. The synaptic performance of the SENT is optimized to implement multiple operation modes of muscle upon receiving signals from TENG, including muscle contraction, fast/slow muscle fiber shift, conscious/unconscious muscle movements, and transformation. As a proof‐of‐concept demonstration, the artificial neuromuscular system is used to develop contact human–machine interaction (HMI) by decoding the surface electromyogram (sEMG) and non‐contact HMI based on supercapacitive iontronic effect. Importantly, both HMI demonstrate real‐time gesture recognition and robotic manipulation, indicating the potential of developing next‐generation smart electronics that desire multiple interaction patterns.
Dynamical Behaviors of Oscillating Metallosurfactant Coacervate Microdroplets under Redox Stress
Authors: Yan Yue , Mu Wenjing , Li He , Song Chuwen , Qiao Yan , Lin Yiyang
Published: April 2023

Living systems create complex structures and functions by mastering self‐organization in a variety of equilibrium and non‐equilibrium states. Mimicking the dynamical phenomena with synthetic cell‐like entities (protocells) under non‐equilibrium conditions offers an important step toward the representation of minimum life. Here, the cell‐sized coacervate microdroplets assembled from associative metallosurfactant coacervation via liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) that exhibits non‐equilibrium behaviors are reported. The compartmentalized protocell coacervates display collective dynamics that synchronize into system oscillations, showing autonomous death/regeneration and contraction/expansion cycles with external redox stress. The collective oscillation of abiotic metallosurfactant microdroplets can sustain both in solution and at the colloidal interface, allowing for dynamic sequestration, mass transport, and passing through nanosized channels, reminiscent of red blood cells that can deform and squeeze through narrow capillaries. The design of self‐oscillating cell‐sized constructs will shed a light on the creation of life‐like soft materials with autonomous motion driven by complex chemical stimuli, which can be further used as nonbiological models for dynamic aggregates and intercellular communication.
Diradicaloid Strategy for High‐Efficiency Photothermal Conversion and High‐Sensitivity Detection of Near Infrared Light
Authors: Li Huaqing , Zou Xiaolan , Chen Hanjiao , Lian Wenru , Jia Hanyu , Yan Xinhao , Hu Xiaoguang , Liu Xuying
Published: April 2023

Organic molecules are promising near infrared (NIR) photothermal materials because of their structural flexibility and fine‐tuned properties. However, weak NIR absorption and strong fluorescence character lead to low photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE). Herein, NIR quinoidal diradicaloids are designed and synthesized by a heteroaromatic‐bridged Blatter radical strategy. Benefiting from the relatively planar framework and diradical character, these singlet diradicaloids exhibit strong and broad absorption in the NIR region (750–1100 nm) in both solution and aggregate states, which do not show any fluorescence. High PCE up to 71.4% is evaluated under 808 nm laser. On this basis, a NIR detector employing a blend of the diradicaloids and conductive ionic liquid is fabricated, yielding a remarkably high thermal response of 1100% at 0.5 W cm−2. This work reveals that π‐conjugated diradicaloids are promising candidates for NIR detection.
Elevated Nuclear PHGDH Synergistically Functions with cMyc to Reshape the Immune Microenvironment of Liver Cancer
Authors: Zhu Hongwen , Yu Hua , Zhou Hu , Zhu Wencheng , Wang Xiongjun
Published: April 2023

Herein, we observed that nuclear localization of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) is associated with poor prognosis in liver cancer, and Phgdh is required for liver cancer progression in a mouse model. Unexpectedly, impairment of Phgdh enzyme activity exerts a slight effect in a liver cancer model. In liver cancer cells, the aspartate kinase‐chorismate mutase‐tyrA prephenate dehydrogenase (ACT) domain of PHGDH binds nuclear cMyc to form a transactivation axis, PHGDH/p300/cMyc/AF9, which drives chemokine CXCL1 and IL8 gene expression. Then, CXCL1 and IL8 promote neutrophil recruitment and enhance tumor‐associated macrophage (TAM) filtration in the liver, thereby advancing liver cancer. Forced cytosolic localization of PHGDH or destruction of the PHGDH/cMyc interaction abolishes the oncogenic function of nuclear PHGDH. Depletion of neutrophils by neutralizing antibodies greatly hampers TAM filtration. These findings reveal a nonmetabolic role of PHGDH with altered cellular localization and suggest a promising drug target for liver cancer therapy by targeting the nonmetabolic region of PHGDH.
Dual Functioned Hexapeptide‐Coated Lipid‐Core Nanomicelles Suppress Toll‐Like Receptor‐Mediated Inflammatory Responses through Endotoxin Scavenging and Endosomal pH Modulation
Authors: Ji Yuting , Sun Liya , Liu Yuan , Li Yanhui , Li Tongxuan , Gong Jiameng , Liu Xiali , Ma Huiqiang , Wang Jingying , Chen Bing , Fung Shan‐Yu , Yang Hong
Published: April 2023

Excessive activation of Toll‐like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways and the circulating endotoxin are key players in the pathogenesis of many acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Regulation of TLR‐mediated inflammatory responses by bioactive nanodevices represents a promising strategy for treating these diseases. In searching for novel, clinically applicable nanodevices with potent TLR inhibitory activities, three types of hexapeptide‐modified nano‐hybrids with different cores of phospholipid nanomicelles, liposomes, and poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) nanoparticles are constructed. Interestingly, only the peptide‐modified lipid–core nanomicelles (M‐P12) display potent TLR inhibitory activities. Further mechanistic studies disclose that lipid–core nanomicelles have a generic property to bind to and scavenge lipophilic TLR ligands including lipopolysaccharide to block the ligand–receptor interaction and down‐regulate the TLR signaling extracellularly. In addition, the peptide modification enables M‐P12 a unique capability to modulate endosomal acidification upon being endocytosed into macrophages, which subsequently regulates the endosomal TLR signal transduction. In an acute lung injury mouse model, intratracheal administration of M‐P12 can effectively target lung macrophages and reduce lung inflammation and injuries. This work defines a dual mechanism of action of the peptide‐modified lipid–core nanomicelles in regulating TLR signaling, and provides new strategies for the development of therapeutic nanodevices for treating inflammatory diseases.
Field‐Induced Ferroelectric Phase Evolution During Polarization “Wake‐Up” in Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 Thin Film Capacitors
Authors: Saini Balreen , Huang Fei , Choi Yoon‐Young , Yu Zhouchangwan , Thampy Vivek , Baniecki John D. , Tsai Wilman , McIntyre Paul C.
Published: April 2023

As an emerging nonvolatile memory technology, HfO2‐based ferroelectrics exhibit excellent compatibility with silicon CMOS process flows; however, the reliability of polarization switching in these materials remains a major challenge. During repeated field programming and erase of the polarization state of initially pristine HfO2‐based ferroelectric capacitors, the magnitude of the measured polarization increases, a phenomenon known as “wake‐up”. In this study, the authors attempt to understand what causes the wake‐up effect in Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) capacitors using nondestructive methods that probe statistically significant sample volumes. Synchrotron X‐ray diffraction reveals a concerted shift in HZO Bragg peak position as a function of polarization switching cycle number in films prepared under conditions such that they exhibit extremely large (≈3000%) wake‐up. In contrast, a control sample with insignificant wake‐up shows no such peak shift. Capacitance – voltage measurements show evolution in the capacitance loop with switching cycle number for the wake‐up sample and no change for the control sample. Piezoresponse force microscopy measurements are utilized to visualize the domain switching with wake‐up. The combination of these observations clearly demonstrates that wake‐up is caused by a field‐driven phase transformation of the tetragonal phase to the metastable ferroelectric orthorhombic phase during polarization switching of HZO capacitors.
Long‐term effectiveness of enzyme replacement therapy in Fabry disease with the p.Arg227Ter variant: Fabry disease in Ostrobothnia (FAST) study
Authors: Pietilä‐Effati Päivi , Saarinen Jukka T. , Löyttyniemi Eliisa , Saarenhovi Maria , Autio Reijo , Kantola Ilkka
Published: April 2023

Fabry disease (FD) is an X chromosome‐linked, life‐threatening lysosomal disease caused by one of more than 1000 currently known variants in the α‐galactosidase A (GLA) gene. The follow‐up part of the Fabry Disease in Ostrobothnia (FAST) study reports the long‐term effect of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) on a prospectively collected cohort of 12 patients, 4 males and 8 females, mean age 46 years (SD 16), with the classical variant c.679C > T p.Arg227Ter, which is one of the most common FD variants worldwide. In the natural history period of the FAST study, half of the patients in both sexes had at least one major event, of which 80% were of cardiac origin. During 5 years of ERT, four patients had a total of six major clinical events consisting of one silent ischemic stroke, three ventricular tachycardias and two increased left ventricular mass indexes. In addition, four patients developed minor cardiac events, four patients minor renal events, and one patient a minor neurological event. ERTs may delay but not prevent the progression of the disease in most patients with the variant Arg227Ter. This variant might be suitable for investigating the efficacy of second‐generation ERTs compared to the currently used ERTs regardless of sex.