bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ømtålelige emner i historieundervisningen?
Authors: Poulsen Jens Aage
Published: April 2024

I anmeldelser og omtaler af Zandvliets spillefilm ”Under sandet” fra 2015 er det ofte fremhævet, at tyske soldaters rydning af miner langs den jyske vestkyst i sommeren 1945 har været en mørkelagt skamplet i dansk historie, som først med spillefilmen er bragt frem i lyset. Men hvad er op og ned i den historie? Og hvordan håndteres disse udfordringer i historieundervisningen?
Lærerstuderendes møde med omverdenen
Authors: Brunbech Peter Yding , Olesen Marie Bonde
Published: April 2024

Projektet Learning Museum blev gennemført i 2011-2013 med det formål at styrke samarbejdet mellem museer og læreruddannelser. Projektet var en succes, der har inspireret flere senere samarbejder, men selve den model for samarbejde, som projektet udviklede, er blevet sværere at implementere efter reformen af læreruddannelsen i 2013, bl.a. som følge af modulisering og kompetencemålstyring. Dette er en af konklusionerne i undersøgelsen Learning Museum Genbesøgt, der er udarbejdet for HistorieLab af Nordisk Center for Kulturarvspædagogik (NCK).
Hvad sagde Rikke? - om elevernes læring i GYMuSKO pilotprojektet
Authors: Thorhauge Sally
Published: April 2024

GYMuSKO står for gymnasium - museum - skole, hvilket var de tre typer af institutioner, som i skoleåret 2016-2017 gik sammen i triumvirater i pilotprojektet af samme navn. Hvert triumvirats folkeskolelærere, gymnasielærere og museumsinspektører samarbejdede om at udvikle og gennemføre et museumsbaseret undervisningsforløb, som folkeskoleelever og gymnasieelever arbejdede sammen om at gennemføre.

GYMuSKO pilotprojektet var en succes målt i forhold til dets formål. Triumvirat-samarbejdsformen blev afprøvet, og erfaringerne med de styrker og svagheder, som viste sig, vil blive brugt af deltagerne ved det egentlige GYMuSKO udviklingsprojekt (2017-2019). På samme måde blev folkeskole- og gymnasieelevernes samarbejde afprøvet som et nyskabende pædagogisk og didaktisk tiltag. Et delformål om at nytænke brobygning mellem folkeskole og gymnasium blev ikke konkretiseret som en udtalt faglig del af forløbene. Til gengæld bliver brobygning hovedfokus i det kommende GYMuSKO udviklingsprojekt.

Denne artikel har fokus på deltagende læreres og museumsinspektøreres syn på den læring, som de mente, at folkeskoleelever og gymnasieelever opnåede som følge af deres samarbejde.
At danne til demokratisk deltagelse – danske skolevalg i et samfundsfagsdidaktisk perspektiv
Authors: Kjærsgaard Simon Ege Dahl
Published: April 2024

Efter gode erfaringer med skolevalg i 2015 og 2017 har Folketingets Præsidium og undervisningsminister Merete Riisager besluttet, at der også fremover vil blive sat penge af til skolevalg for grundskolens 8.-10. klasser. Skolevalgsprojektet er knyttet til faget samfundsfag, og formålene kredser om dannelse til demokratisk deltagelse. Men hvad vil det i den sammenhæng sige at danne? Og hvilken type demokratisk deltagelse fremhæves som værdifuld? Artiklen præsenterer et sprog for diskussion af disse spørgsmål og søger at afdække, hvilken fortolkning af demokratisk dannelse, der er på spil i skolevalgsprojektet.
Peer feedback i historieundervisningen
Authors: Peters Rikke Alberg
Published: April 2024

Kan feedback i undervisningen på en meningsfuld måde varetages af eleverne selv? I denne artikel præsenteres en model for peer feedback, som kan anvendes både på mellemtrinnet og i udskolingen. Peer feedback er et særdeles velegnet procesredskab i den projekt- og problembaserede undervisning, hvor den fungerer som et væsentligt supplement til lærerens vurdering af elevernes arbejde.
Udvikling af historiekompetencer gennem museumsbesøg
Authors: Madsen Trine Elkjær , Villemoes Jacob Skeel
Published: April 2024

Ifølge HistorieLabs landsdækkende undersøgelse ‘Historiefaget i fokus - dokumentationsindsatsen’ opfattes historiefaget af eleverne som overvejende kedeligt og uvæsentligt. Denne artikel er et bud på, hvordan man ved hjælp af en brugerstyret kompetenceorienteret didaktik kan gøre historieundervisningen mere vedkommende for eleverne, når man samtidig vil arbejde med museumsbesøg som led i åben skole.
Digital formidling af nærområdet
Authors: Poulsen Jens Aage
Published: April 2024

I 2017 iværksatte HistorieLab det skolebaserede udviklingsprojekt ”Nærområdet i historieundervisningen”. I alt har ca. 25 skoler deltaget. En af dem var Sønderskov-skolen i Sønderborg. Her arbejdede eleverne i tre 6. klasser med at skabe digitale historiske fortællinger, som de formidlede via 360-graders billeder. Læs her om projektet og hvordan det gik.
Indhold og problemstillinger i historie
Authors: Pietras Jens
Published: April 2024

I den problemorienterede historieundervisning er det at stille spørgsmål fundamentalt vigtigt. Men erfaringen viser, at historielærere og elever ofte har svært ved at formulere disse spørgsmål og formulere relevante problemstillinger. Historietimerne må derfor i større grad end hidtil fokusere på, hvordan historisk indhold produceres, udvælges, analyseres og anvendes, snarere end at være bygget op omkring indlæringen af et konkret historisk indhold. Som en hjælp præsenterer artiklen forslag til, hvordan emner og problemstillinger kan sammentænkes og formuleres samtidigt.
Genforeningen – hvad nu hvis?
Authors: Poulsen Jens Aage
Published: April 2024

Genforeningen er på historiefagets kanonliste. I anledningen af 100-året vil de fleste klasser arbejde med emnet i 2020. I forløbet fra 1840’erne, der kulminerede med Genforeningen, var der en række afgørende situationer, hvor personer med magt kunne have truffet andre beslutninger – og historien havde udviklet sig helt anderledes. Artiklen giver eksempler på disse afgørende situationer, som kan bruges til at arbejde kontrafaktisk i et undervisningsforløb om Genforeningens forudsætninger, forløb og følger, ligesom den stiller spørgsmålstegn ved, hvorvidt de gængse fortællinger om genforeningens forløb bør tjene som forbillede for løsning af grænsekonflikter.
At opleve historiske erindringssteder som statuer og mindesten
Authors: Thomsen Thomas
Published: April 2024

Artiklen er skrevet på baggrund af erfaringer som historieunderviser på læreruddannelsen samt i forbindelse med observationer af undervisningen i grundskolen, som led i deltagelsen i HistorieLabs forsknings- og udviklingsprojekt "Historiske steder, artefakter, mindesmærker, erindrings- og historiekultur". Artiklen er rettet mod undervisere og studerende på læreruddannelsen samt lærere i grundskolen, der vil kunne anvende de tilhørende materialer, når erindringssteder inddrages i historieundervisningen.
Vikinger – her, der og allevegne – også i historieundervisningen
Authors: Pietras Jens
Published: April 2024

Vikingetiden er moderne. I tv-serier, i historiske fremstillinger, på centrale museer bl.a. Nationalmuseet - og i medierne generelt er vikingetiden i disse år særligt i centrum. Denne artikel sætter fokus på vikingetiden og forskellige aktørers brug af den. Artiklen giver bud på relevant anvendelse af vikingetiden i undervisningen – specielt i udskolingen.
Dialogens betydning for hensigtsmæssig brug af læremidler i historieundervisningen
Authors: Marie Møller Danielsen Astrid
Published: April 2024

Artiklen er skrevet på baggrund af projektet Praksisfortolkning af Læremidler (PaL). Projektet har til formål at kortlægge og bidrage til en forståelse af lærere og elevers brug af læremidler. I forbindelse med projektets historiedel er der indsamlet empiri fra seks forskellige skoler i tre regioner i Danmark. Det er empiriske undersøgelser af dialogens betydning for elevernes læremiddelbrug, der er udgangspunktet for denne artikel.
Historieundervisning og fagportaler
Authors: Pietras Jens
Published: April 2024

Denne artikel har fokus på de udfordringer, læreren kan møde, hvis undervisningen overvejende gennemføres gennem brug af fagportalers færdige forløb.
Hvad med indholdet i historieundervisningen?
Authors: Poulsen Jens Aage
Published: April 2024

I denne RADAR-artikel diskuterer Jens Aage Poulsen principper for valg af indhold og tilrettelæggelse af historieundervisning, der kan øge det fremtidsrettede sigte med faget.
Det er ondt at spise kød på grund af klimaet.
Authors: Peters Rikke Alberg
Published: April 2024

Rikke Alberg Peters fra UCL Erhvervsakademi og Professionshøjskole og HistorieLab argumenterer i denne RADAR-artikel for, at det er relevant at arbejde med kontroversielle emner i skolefaget historie.
Los materiales como posibilidad de un tercer espacio productor de interculturalidad en la Universidad Intercultural del Estado de Hidalgo (UICEH)
Authors: Peña Islas Dalia , Mesquida Peri
Published: April 2024

La Universidad Intercultural del Estado de Hidalgo (UICEH) fue fundada en 2012 y está ubicada en el municipio de Tenango de Doria Hidalgo en México. Dentro del modelo de universidades interculturales que rige a estas Universidades Interculturales (UIS) se establece que este tipo de Instituciones deben incorporar los saberes de las comunidades indígenas donde inciden, en este caso la UICEH ubicada en la Región Otomí-Tepehua con la tarea de producir diferentes materiales que incorporan conocimientos indígenas y occidentales. En ese tenor, este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación de un material titulado: “Diálogo de saberes. Comunidades indígenas y universitarios”, cuyo objetivo principal es analizar cómo a través del material “Diálogo de saberes, comunidades indígenas y universitarios” se construyó un tercer espacio de producción de interculturalidades para los estudiantes de la UICEH. Para la elaboración de esta investigación, las metodologías utilizadas fueron la etnografía digital y la doble reflexividad.Entre algunos de los resultados obtenidos, se encontró que los estudiantes vivieron procesos de reflexividad en la producción de este material, lo que les permitió conformar una interculturalidad desde el saber de sus territorios, pero vinculado al saber universitario, estableciendo así “diálogos vivos”. y posicionarse ética y políticamente. Además, esta experiencia de producción de materiales como “tercer espacio productor de reflexividades e interculturalidades” podría ser una forma de generar “terceros espacios cómodos” para que los estudiantes de la UICEH aprendan a gestionar aprendizajes y reflexividades diversas, especialmente aquellas vinculadas a la recuperación de saberes comunitarios e indígenas.
inclusão perversa
Authors: Gomes Fábio Alves , De Souza Torres Marck , Gonçalves Villar Valter Luciano
Published: April 2024

A crise sanitária e humanitária causada pela pandemia de COVID-19 no Amazonas teve impactos significativos em diversos setores da atividade humana, incluindo o campo educacional. Neste estudo, foi realizada uma análise sobre como a desigualdade socioeconômica, os desafios geográficos e as deficiências nas políticas públicas de acesso e permanência afetaram os jovens universitários no interior do estado durante o período pandêmico. O estudo contou com a participação de 143 universitários, com idades entre 18 e 44 anos (média de 23,5; desvio padrão de 5,1), sendo 58,7% mulheres cisgênero e 40,5% homens cisgênero. Em relação à raça, 67,1% se autodeclararam pardos e 19% indígenas. Os resultados evidenciaram as dificuldades decorrentes das condições geográficas, socioeconômicas e psicossociais enfrentadas pelos estudantes durante a pandemia. Essas dificuldades revelam mecanismos sutis presentes na dinâmica de inclusão/exclusão, desencadeando sentimentos de ansiedade, depressão e desafios para lidar simultaneamente com os efeitos da pandemia e o ensino remoto. Conclui-se, portanto, que é fundamental estar atento às armadilhas da exclusão, a fim de evitar uma inclusão perversa e a perpetuação do status quo de opressão, invisibilidade, reprodução e agravamento das desigualdades sociais no Amazonas. É necessário empreender esforços contínuos para a constituição de uma educação na região amazônica promotora de justiça social.
DOPRINOS PROUČAVANJU DNEVNIH LEPTIRA RHOPALOCERA (LEPIDOPTERA) ŠIREG PODRUČJA PLANINE ČEMERNICE
Authors: Filipović Slaven
Published: April 2024

Prva istraživanja dnevnih leptira bosanskog pobrđa (planine Uzlomac, Čemernica i Borja) obavlјena su početkom devedesetih godina XX vijeka od strane najvećeg poznavaoca dnevnih leptira BiH Rize Sijarića. Međutim, istraživanja su izvršena samo kroz nekoliko izlazaka na teren te je zabilјežen mali broj vrsta, pogotovo ako se analiziraju podaci za svaku planinu posebno. Stoga, ovaj rad predstavlјa dopunu ranijim istraživanjama na planini Čemernici i nastavak istraživanja bosanskog pobrđa. Istraživanja su obavlјena u periodu od 2006. do 2009. godine. Leptiri su sakupljani entomološkom mrežom, na prethodno utvrđenim tačkama istraživanja. Tom prilikom utvrđene su 94 vrste dnevnih leptira za pomenutu planinu. U radu je dat sistematski i faunistički prikaz nađenih vrsta dnevnih leptira, ekološka analiza i poređenje sa faunom dnevnih leptira sa drugih planina.
A CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF DAILY BUTTERFLIES RHOPALOCERA (LEPIDOPTERA) IN A WIDER ČEMERNICA MOUNTAIN AREA
Authors: Filipović Slaven
Published: April 2024

Rizo Sijarić, the renowned BiH expert on daily butterflies, initiated studies of the species in Bosnian mountains (mountains of Uzlomac, Čemernica and Borja) in early 1990s. His research was conducted with only a few fieldworks and the number of registered species was small, especially in terms of each mountain separately. Hence, this paper represents an addition to earlier studies on the Čemernica Mountain and a continuation of exploration of Bosnian mountains. The research was conducted from 2006 to 2009. The butterflies were collected with the entomological net at the previously marked research sites. 94 daily butterfly species were identified at the target mountain. The paper provides a systematic and faunistic representation of the collected species, accompanied by the ecological analysis and comparison with daily butterfly fauna of other mountains.
A CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF DAILY BUTTERFLIES (LEPIDOPTERA) OF THE UZLOMAC MOUNTAIN
Authors: Filipović Slaven
Published: April 2024

Rizo Sijarić conducted the initial studies on the daily butterfly fauna in the foothills of Bosnian Mountains (Uzlomac, Čemernica and Borja) in the last decades of the 20th century. For that reason, this study represents an appendix to the earlier studies which took place in the mountain Uzlomac. The research was conducted over the period between 2008 and 2011 when 78 species on the mountain were determined. The butterflies were collected with the entomological net at the previously marked research sites. In this study, a systematic review of the butterfly species found here has been given, together with a systematic review of the species, as well as the analyses and comparisons to other mountains.
MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS AND LENGTH-WEIGHT RELATIONSHIP OF PUMPKINSEED SUNFISH (LEPOMIS GIBBOSUS) FROM THREE RESERVOIRS OF NORTH-EASTERN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Authors: Halilović Sabina H. , Adrović Avdul , Dekić Radoslav
Published: April 2024

The aim of this paper is to analyse the morphometric characteristics, length-weight relationship and condition factor of pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus) from three reservoirs (Modrac, Vidara and Sniježnica) from the area of north-eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). The total sample was 61 individuals. The following morphometric parameters were measured: total length, standard length, forked length, head length, mouth width, mouth height, first gill arch length, intestine length and body mass. Length-weight relationship was described by the equation: W=a TLb. Fulton’s condition factor (K) was determined using the equation: K=100 (W/L3). Statistical analysis was performed using the ANOVA to determine differences in morphometric characteristics of individuals between the sites (populations). L. gibbosus from all three populations showed positive allometric growth, and the highest value of condition factor was fish from the reservoir Vidara. In accordance with this result, most of the morphometric characteristics of individuals from the reservoir Vidara were significantly higher compared to individuals from Modrac and Sniježnica reservoirs. This result leads to the conclusion that the L. gibbosus adapted best in Vidara reservoir.
DISTRIBUCIJA VRSTE Reynoutria japonica HOUTT. NA PODRUČJU GRADA BANJA LUKA
Authors: Lubarda Biljana , Marjanović Rajna
Published: April 2024

Reynoutria japonica Houtt. (syn.: Fallopia japonica (Houtt.) Ronse Decr.) je zeljasta višegodišnja dvodoma biljka koja je porijeklom iz Japana, Kine i Koreje. Stabljike su brojne, uspravne i jednogodišnje. Vrsta je za potrebe gajenja u baštama unijeta u Evropu sredinom 19. vijeka, međutim vrlo brzo se proširila i danas je jedna od najinvazivnijih vrsta u mnogim evropskim zemljama. Formira guste monodominantne sastojine koje istiskuju autohtonu vegetaciju predstavljajući ozbiljnu prijetnju biodiverzitetu. Na istraživanom području vrsta R. japonica zbilježena je na 103 lokaliteta, a najveći broj nalazi se u mjesnim zajednicama Obilićevo, Centar i Bulevar. Najviše su zastupljene manje sastojine čija je površina do 10 m2. Dosadašnji podaci o rasprostranjenu ove vrste na području grada Banja Luka oskudni su, pa je cilj ovog rada bio da se evidentiraju lokaliteti na kojima raste vrsta R. japonica, kako bi se u budućnosti mogle pratiti njene populacije.
NITRATE CONTENT AND NITRATE-REDUCTASE ACTIVITY IN VEGETABLES COLLECTED AT THE CITY MARKET IN BANJA LUKA AND THE RISK ASSESSMENT
Authors: Maksimović Tanja , Manojlović Maja , Dekić Radoslav
Published: April 2024

The high content of nitrates and nitrites in vegetables can have toxic and carcinogenic effects on the human body, and monitoring is necessary in order to apply appropriate protective measures. The aim of the research in this paper was to determine the nitrate content and monitor the activity of nitrate reductase in vegetables (chard, carrots, parsley, cabbage) taken from various stands of the city market in Banja Luka. The average concentration of nitrate in vegetable samples ranged from 1 to 650 mgkg-1, with the highest values obtained in chard and cabbage, and the lowest in parsley root. The nitrate reductase activity was increased in chard, while the lowest was found in parsley root. The nitrate content in the vegetable samples was within the limits prescribed by the World Health Organization so there is no potential danger to human health.
BIOCHEMICAL RESPONSES OF PURE AND MIXED FUNGAL CULTURES ISOLATED FROM WASTE WATER TO THE PRESENCE OF SODIUM TRIPOLIPHOSPHATES
Authors: Jakovljević Violeta , Đorđević Nataša , Veljković Bojana , Dolićanin Zana
Published: April 2024

Sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) has a wide application in different industrial processes but mainly as the builder in household cleaning products. The use of STPP has been associated with the environmental problem referred to as eutrophication. From the environmental point of view, it is important to identify microorganisms which have the ability to reduce STPP from environment. This paper investigated the chemical and biochemical responses of pure cultures Trichoderma viride and Geotrichum candidum and their mixed culture to the presence sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) at 0.5% concentration during 8 days of cultivation in the growth liquid medium. For this purpose, the changes in the pH value, redox potential, proteolytic activity of liquid growth media and total dry weight biomass (DWB) of cultures were measured. The addition of STPP in growth medium affected the increase in initial pH values and decrease in redox potential values compared to the control. The STPP caused an inhibitory effect on protease activity of all fungal cultures in the following order: T. viride (3.60%), mixed culture (9.77%) and G. candidum (60.33%). The dry weight biomass (DWB) of T. viride was slightly inhibited (1.06%) whereas DWB of G. candidum (0.58%) and mixed culture (9.53%) were slightly and moderately stimulated by STPP. The results obtained in this study indicate a potential role of tested cultures in polyphosphates removal from industrial and waste water treatment plants and their potential application in the biotechnological processes.
PHANEROPHYTE IN THE FLORA OF BILEĆA (THE REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA)
Authors: Marić Nataša , Petronić Slađana , Radovanović Anđela
Published: April 2024

The paper presents the data of the research on dendroflora collected in the municipality of Bileća. The floristic study as conducted during the 2017 and 2018 vegetation seasons. The presence of 114 species and subspecies of plants was confirmed, grouped into 73 genera and 35 families. In terms of life forms, phanerophytes from the group of deciduous trees were dominant. Phytogeographical analysis showed that species are most often from Sub-Mediterranean, Eurasian and Sub-Atlantic areal groups. The analysis of ecological indices for basic ecological factors determined the dominance of submezophytes. Most species prefer neutrophilic and basophilic soil reactions. In relation to light, the most numerous species are semi-sciophyte, half-shaded plants; in relation to temperature, the prevalent group is located at the transition between mesothermal and thermophilic plant species.
GEOMETRIJSKA MORFOMETRIJA U IHTIOLOŠKIM ISTRAŽIVANJIMA
Authors: Bajrić Alen , Sakić Amna , Hajdarević Edina , Adrović Avdul , Skenderović Isat , Golub Dragojla
Published: April 2024

Kao standardna metoda u istraživanju morfometrijskih karakteristika organizama dugo vremena primjenjivala se klasična morfometrija. Međutim, u zadnje dvije decenije 21. stoljeća aktuelizirana je primjena geometrijske morfometrije zbog doprinosa rješenju mnogih bioloških problema, naročito u pogledu naprednije kvantitativne analize oblika organizama. Njen razvoj prati razvoj novih tehnologija i to prvenstveno računarskih softvera. Geometrijska morfometrija može se definisati kao fuzija geometrije, biologije i informatike, te omogućava proučavanje bioloških oblika u dvodimenzionalnom ili trodimenzionalnom prostoru. Morfometrijski karakteri označavaju proporcije tijela i pojedinih dijelova tijela koji se mjere upotrebom određenih mjernih jedinica. Cilj ovog rada jeste predstavljanje geometrijske morfometrije i objašnjavanje njene primjene u ihtiološkim istraživanjima, te ukazivanje na njene prednosti i mogućnosti, na praktičan način.
GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRY IN ICHTHYOLOGICAL RESEARCH
Authors: Bajrić Alen , Sakić Amna , Hajdarević Edina , Adrović Avdul , Skenderović Isat , Golub Dragojla
Published: April 2024

Classical morphometry has long been used as a standard method in the studies of morphometric characteristics of organisms. However, in the last two decades of 21 century, the application of geometric morphometry has increased rapidly because of advances in quantitative biological shape analysis. Its development is accompanied by the development of new technologies, primarily computer software. Geometric morphometry can be defined as a fusion of geometry, biology and computer science, and enables the study of biological forms in two-dimensional or three-dimensional space. Morphometric characters indicate the body proportions as well as the proportions of individual body parts that are measured using certain measurement units. The aim of this paper is to present geometric morphometry and explain its application in ichthyological research, and point out its advantages and possibilities, in a practical way.
NULTO STANJE KVALITETA POVRŠINSKIH VODA NA PODRUČJU PLANIRANOG AUTO-PUTA BANJA LUKA-PRIJEDOR
Authors: Pešević Dušica , Knežević Nebojša
Published: April 2024

Predmetna lokacija dionice auto-puta Banja Luka-Prijedor nalazi u zapadnom dijelu Republike Srpske i pripada sjevernoj osovini razvoja, koja predstavlja pojas najintenzivnije privredno-socijalne aktivnosti. Prije nego što se pristupi izgradnji, neophodno je odrediti stanje zagađenosti površinskih voda, odnosno nulto stanje, da bi se kasnije imala realna slika o uticaju saobraćaja na kvalitet površinskih voda u toku eksploatacije auto-puta. U radu su prikazani rezultati analiza površinskih voda koji će biti osnova za dalju ocjenu eventualnih promjena kvaliteta kada se auto-put stavi u funkciju. U cilju detaljne analize postojećeg kvaliteta površinskih voda u istraživanom koridoru budućeg auto-puta, analizirani su fizičko-hemijski parametari Kozaračke rijeke i rijeke Luščice. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da se kvalitet voda ovih vodotoka u odnosu na pojedine parametre kreće od prve pa čak do četvrte klase kvaliteta.
The comparative effectiveness of first-line treatment EGFR TKIs in Asian lung cancer population: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Donowati Maria Wisnu , Kristin Erna , Hutajulu Susanna Hilda , Endarti Dwi , Nindrea Ricvan Dana
Published: April 2024

Nonsmall cell lung cancer is the most common carcinoma in Asia with more than half identified as epidermal growth factor receptor mutation-positive (EGFRm+). First- and second-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), a targeted therapy type, improved overall survival compared to platinum-based chemotherapy. We conducted an updated review comparing the clinical effectiveness of EGFR TKIs as a first-line treatment in Asian populations with EGFRm+. This systematic search was conducted in six databases, resulting in 30 eligible articles, which represented Asian ethnicity and were appraised quantitatively using the GRACE checklist. Thirteen eligible studies and 3,465 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Two models of effectiveness comparison were used to measure the pooled size effect: afatinib and dacomitinib. Afatinib in patients with brain metastases had a higher risk of progression and death, but lower time to treatment failure (TTF). Never-smoking patients had lower risk of TTF and death, but equivalent risk for progression. Dacomitinib had a lower risk of progression and death. Exon 19 deletion (e19del) or exon 21 substitution (L858R) benefited more from the second generation. L858R had a higher risk of survival, progression-free, and overall survival than e19del with second-generation agents. Coexisting e19del or L858R in uncommon mutation is associated with longer progression than without it.
Lipid-based berberine loaded lyophilized nanomicelles with enhanced antioxidant effect: Design and characterization
Authors: Mishra Rakesh , Aher Akash
Published: April 2024

Berberine (BERB), an isoquinoline alkaloid, is widely reported for its versatile pharmacological potential mainly due to its excellent antioxidant activity. However, solubility and permeability concerns limit its bioavailability resulting in a marked decrease in antioxidant prospective and subsequent therapeutic effects. The current work aimed to design BERB-loaded lyophilized nanomicelles formulations to enhance their antioxidant potential. Thin-film hydration technique was employed to develop BERB-loaded nanomicelles using ethanol as a solvent and Gelucire 44/14 and 50/13 were screened as a polymer stabilizer. A 32-factorial design was adopted to investigate the impact of the polymer: drug proportion along with stirring speed. The optimized batch of BERB nanomicelles formulation was also further lyophilized to improve the stability of prepared batches. Nanomicelles batches showed the size of particle and entrapment efficiency in the range of 69 ± 1.57 to 576 ± 1.73 nm and 61.84% ± 1.96% to 87.34% ± 1.88 %, respectively. The designed optimized nanomicelles system showed nearly 5-fold enhancement in the aqueous solubility with 2.38-fold enhancement in percent ex-vivo drug permeation compared with the drug. The drug nanomicelles formulation showed enhanced percentage peroxidation reduction and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl inhibition (81.12 ± 1.21; 73.12 ± 2.07) compared to the pure drug (31.99 ± 1.32; 38.71 ± 2.07). The obtained BERB-loaded lyophilized nanomicelles with enhanced antioxidant activity could be efficiently explored for their diverse potential therapeutic properties.
Toxicity and biodistribution of alginate-stabilized AgNPs upon 14-days repeated dose oral administration in mice
Authors: Perkasa Dian Pribadi , Arozal Wawaimuli , Kusmardi Kusmardi , Syaifudin Mukh , Purwanti Tri , Laksmana Roza Indra , Pratama Afiq Azfar , Sugoro Irawan , Rahayu Dien Puji
Published: April 2024

This study evaluated the effect of incremental doses of oral alginate-stabilized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on toxicity outcomes and biodistribution over 14 days. Twenty-five male ddY mice strain were randomly divided into five groups as follows: control, silver ion 5.0 mg/kg BW, and AgNPs 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mg/kg BW, respectively. There were no significant effects on body weight, organ index, hematology, or biochemical parameters in AgNP-treated mice at doses of up to 10 mg/kg BW. The silver content in tissue was undetectable, and no toxic effect was observed upon repeated oral administration at 2.5 mg/kg BW. However, histopathological analysis showed mild to severe colon and liver injuries in AgNPs groups at doses 5.0 mg/kg BW and higher. While, silver ion seems the most toxic form of silver which showed the highest silver deposition in all studied organs, an increase in Alt and lactate dehydrogenase levels, and perform severe pathological features in liver and colon tissues. These results suggest that the liver is the main target organ for toxicity of alginate-stabilized AgNPs. In the context of locally acting drugs, further bioactivity study on alginate-stabilized AgNPs is recommended at a dose lower than 2.5 mg/kg BW in which inconspicuous toxic effect is observed upon repeated oral administration.
A novel LC-MS/MS method development and validation for the determination of tezepelumab in rat plasma and its application in rat pharmacokinetic studies
Authors: Nimmakayala Madhusudhan Reddy , Kolli Deepti , Jatla Murali Prakash
Published: April 2024

By developing a quick, accurate, reproducible, and straightforward liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) system and employing trastuzumab as an internal standard, tezepelumab (TZP) quantification was achieved. This study explores the most recent advancement in bioanalytical LC-MS/MS technologies utilizing a 150 × 4.6 mm, 3.5 μ Waters Symmetry C18 column that was set for isocratic mode at ambient temperature. Methanol (MeOH): 0.1% formic acid in 40:60 v/v at 1.0 ml/minute was utilized as the mobile phase. The injection volume and runtime were 10 μl and 5 minutes, respectively. TZP’s retention time was 1.944 minutes, and a chromatographic duration total of 5.0 minutes. With a correlation value (r2) of 0.99971, the technique was validated for TZP throughout a linear range of 6.00–120.00 ng/ml. Findings for precision, accuracy, recovery, matrix effect, and stability all occurred within acceptable limits. Below the visual abstract is the concise summary of the article.
The rapidly evolving X-linked MIR-506 family fine-tunes spermatogenesis to enhance sperm competition
Authors: Wang Zhuqing , Wang Yue , Zhou Tong , Chen Sheng , Morris Dayton , Magalhães Rubens Daniel Miserani , Li Musheng , Wang Shawn , Wang Hetan , Xie Yeming , McSwiggin Hayden , Oliver Daniel , Yuan Shuiqiao , Zheng Huili , Mohammed Jaaved , Lai Eric C , McCarrey John R , Yan Wei
Published: April 2024

Despite rapid evolution across eutherian mammals, the X-linked MIR-506 family miRNAs are located in a region flanked by two highly conserved protein-coding genes (SLITRK2 and FMR1) on the X chromosome. Intriguingly, these miRNAs are predominantly expressed in the testis, suggesting a potential role in spermatogenesis and male fertility. Here, we report that the X-linked MIR-506 family miRNAs were derived from the MER91C DNA transposons. Selective inactivation of individual miRNAs or clusters caused no discernible defects, but simultaneous ablation of five clusters containing 19 members of the MIR-506 family led to reduced male fertility in mice. Despite normal sperm counts, motility, and morphology, the KO sperm were less competitive than wild-type sperm when subjected to a polyandrous mating scheme. Transcriptomic and bioinformatic analyses revealed that these X-linked MIR-506 family miRNAs, in addition to targeting a set of conserved genes, have more targets that are critical for spermatogenesis and embryonic development during evolution. Our data suggest that the MIR-506 family miRNAs function to enhance sperm competitiveness and reproductive fitness of the male by finetuning gene expression during spermatogenesis.
De novo-designed minibinders expand the synthetic biology sensing repertoire
Authors: Weinberg Zara Y. , Soliman Sarah S. , Kim Matthew S. , Chen Irene P. , Ott Melanie , El-Samad Hana
Published: April 2024

Synthetic and chimeric receptors capable of recognizing and responding to user-defined antigens have enabled “smart” therapeutics based on engineered cells. These cell engineering tools depend on antigen sensors which are most often derived from antibodies. Advances in the de novo design of proteins have enabled the design of protein binders with the potential to target epitopes with unique properties and faster production timelines compared to antibodies. Building upon our previous work combining a de novo -designed minibinder of the Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 with the synthetic receptor synNotch (SARSNotch), we investigated whether minibinders can be readily adapted to a diversity of cell engineering tools. We show that the Spike minibinder LCB1 easily generalizes to a next-generation proteolytic receptor SNIPR that performs similarly to our previously reported SARSNotch. LCB1-SNIPR successfully enables the detection of live SARS-CoV-2, an improvement over SARSNotch which can only detect cell-expressed Spike. To test the generalizability of minibinders to diverse applications, we tested LCB1 as an antigen sensor for a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR). LCB1-CAR enabled CD8+ T cells to cytotoxically target Spike-expressing cells. Our findings suggest that minibinders represent a novel class of antigen sensors that have the potential to dramatically expand the sensing repertoire of cell engineering tools.
FoxO factors are essential for maintaining organ homeostasis by acting as stress sensors in airway epithelial cells
Authors: Uliczka Karin , Bossen Judith , Zissler Ulrich M. , Fink Christine , Niu Xiao , Pieper Mario , Prange Ruben D. , Vock Christina , Wagner Christina , Knop Mirjam , Abdelsadik Ahmed , Franzenburg Sören , Bruchhaus Iris , Wegmann Michael , Schmidt-Weber Carsten B. , König Peter , Pfefferle Petra , Heine Holger , Roeder Thomas
Published: April 2024

Airway epithelia have the challenging task of maintaining functional and structural homeostasis, even when exposed to various stress factors. Transcription factors of the FoxO family can fulfill this complex task, as they act as integration hubs that translate extrinsic and intrinsic information into a physiologically appropriate response. We could show that FoxO factors in
Drosophila
, mouse, and human airway epithelial cells (AECs) respond to stressors like hypoxia, temperature, or oxidative stress by nuclear translocation. A complex activation pattern is revealed in human cell culture systems, which differs between individual hFOXO factors and cell types. Studies with
Drosophila
showed that hypoxia was the only stressor that induced a dfoxo-dependent, local immune response activation. Since
Drosophila
has only one ortholog of FoxO, it was possible to show that the absence of dfoxo in the airways strongly increases the stress sensitivity of the airways. This stress sensitivity finds its counterpart in mouse models of chronic and acute asthma, with reduced mFoxO expression in the lung, particularly mFoxO1 and mFoxO3A. Finally, it is also reflected in asthma patients who show reduced hFOXO transcripts in their sputum samples. We conclude that active FoxO signaling in AECs is necessary to respond appropriately to stressors. Impaired FoxO signaling limits this ability and thus promotes disease development.
RGS10 deficiency facilitates distant metastasis by inducing epithelial–mesenchymal transition in breast cancer
Authors: Liu Yang , Jiang Yi , Qiu Peng , Ma Tie , Bu Jiawen , Hu Yueting , Jin Ming , Zhu Tong , Gu Xi
Published: April 2024

Distant metastasis is the major cause of death in patients with breast cancer. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes to breast cancer metastasis. Regulator of G protein-signaling (RGS) proteins modulate metastasis in various cancers. This study identified a novel role for RGS10 in EMT and metastasis in breast cancer. RGS10 protein levels were significantly lower in breast cancer tissues compared to normal breast tissues, and deficiency in RGS10 protein predicted a worse prognosis in patients with breast cancer. RGS10 protein levels were lower in the highly aggressive cell line MDA-MB-231 than in the poorly aggressive, less invasive cell lines MCF7 and SKBR3. Silencing RGS10 in SKBR3 cells enhanced EMT and caused SKBR3 cell migration and invasion. The ability of RGS10 to suppress EMT and metastasis in breast cancer was dependent on lipocalin-2 and miR-539-5p. These findings identify RGS10 as a tumor suppressor, prognostic biomarker, and potential therapeutic target for breast cancer.
Predicting central cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: a practical nomogram based on retrospective study
Authors: Wang Lirong , Zhang Lin , Wang Dan , Chen Jiawen , Su Wenxiu , Sun Lei , Jiang Jue , Wang Juan , Zhou Qi
Published: April 2024

Background

In papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT), preoperative ultrasonography frequently reveals the presence of enlarged lymph nodes in the central neck region. These nodes pose a diagnostic challenge due to their potential resemblance to metastatic lymph nodes, thereby impacting the surgical decision-making process for clinicians in terms of determining the appropriate surgical extent.

Methods

Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent risk factors associated with central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in PTC patients with HT. Then a prediction model was developed and visualized using a nomogram. The stability of the model was assessed using ten-fold cross-validation. The performance of the model was further evaluated through the use of ROC curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis.

Results

A total of 376 HT PTC patients were included in this study, comprising 162 patients with CLNM and 214 patients without CLNM. The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age, Tg-Ab level, tumor size, punctate echogenic foci, and blood flow grade were identified as independent risk factors associated with the development of CLNM in HT PTC. The area under the curve (AUC) of this model was 0.76 (95% CI [0.71–0.80]). The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive predictive value of the model were determined to be 88%, 51%, 67%, and 57%, respectively.

Conclusions

The proposed clinic-ultrasound-based nomogram in this study demonstrated a favorable performance in predicting CLNM in HT PTCs. This predictive tool has the potential to assist clinicians in making well-informed decisions regarding the appropriate extent of surgical intervention for patients.
Association of time-averaged serum uric acid level with clinicopathological information and long-term outcomes in patients with IgA nephropathy
Authors: Weng Mengjie , Fu Binbin , Zhuo Yongjie , Lin Jiaqun , Zou Zhenhuan , Chen Yi , Cui Jiong , Li Guifen , Chen Caiming , Xu Yanfang , Jiang Dewen , Wan Jianxin
Published: April 2024

Objective

Whether serum uric acid (SUA) at baseline could been identiûed as a risk factor for progression in IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients remains unclear, therefore, long- term SUA control levels must be monitored. We aimed to investigate the relevant factors affecting time-averaged SUA (TA-SUA) and to assess the prognostic value of TA-SUA in IgAN.

Methods

This retrospective study included 152 patients with IgAN. The relationships between TA-SUA and clinicopathological features and renal outcomes (defined as the doubling of the baseline serum creatinine level or end-stage renal disease) were analyzed in groups divided by quartiles of TA-SUA levels, the presence of hyperuricemia, and sex.

Results

Patients with high TA-SUA levels had higher levels of baseline SUA, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), triglycerides, serum C3 and serum C4 and were more likely to be male and have hypertension, proteinuria, poor renal function, and pathological injuries including high grades of tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis (T1–T2). These patients had a poorer prognosis compared with patients with low TA-SUA levels. The TA-SUA level was positively correlated with baseline age and BUN, triglycerides, serum C3, and serum C4 levels, and negatively correlated with baseline eGFR. Survival curve analysis indicated that persistent hyperuricemia was associated with significantly poorer renal outcomes than normo-uricemia in both men and women. The TA-SUA level also was an independent predictor of renal outcome in patients with IgAN, with optimal cutoû values of 451.38 µmol/L (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.934) for men and 492.83 µmol/L (AUC = 0.768) for women.

Conclusions

The TA-SUA level is associated with triglyceride level, complement component levels, renal function, and pathological severity of IgAN, and it may be a prognostic indicator in male and female patients with IgAN.
Protagonismo e limitações do poder judiciário sobre o reconhecimento de posse de terras no processo demarcatório indígena e sua chancela na perspectiva ambientalista enquanto produto do novo colonialismo brasileiro
Authors: Braga Luíza Ribeiro Sampaio
Published: April 2024

O objetivo do artigo constitui em analisar o ativismo judicial sobre determinações de demarcações indígenas, partindo da análise do julgamento do Superior Tribunal Federal, da ação popular nº 3.388, que, por meio de seu Tribunal Pleno, decidiu por maioria, julgar o pedido parcialmente procedente, declarando constitucional a demarcação contínua da Terra Indígena Raposa Serra do Sol. A partir das condicionantes estabelecidas no voto do Ministro Menezes Direito, em que ficaram vencidos os Ministros Eros Grau, Carlos Britto e Carmen Lúcia, analisar-se-á para tanto, como à condição de número 17 (dezessete), a qual é determinada a vedação de ampliação de terra indígena já demarcada, estabelece, per meio do ativismo judicial,  a retirada de direitos indígenas do povo Apinajé sobre a demarcação da T.I Apinajé II no Estado do Tocantins sobre área já demarcada correspondente a 141.904 hectares. Utiliza-se como base a pesquisa bibliográfica e a análise jurisprudencial, para, inicialmente, apresentar o conceito de ativismo e a crise que a envolve. O objetivo deste trabalho é demonstrar, como os direitos indígenas que não demandem interesse político e internacional são minados pelo Estado brasileiro, por órgãos como a FUNAI e a UNIÃO, bem como fazer uma crítica ao ativismo judicial, que frequentemente, é utilizado como meio para garantir às minorias o acesso a direitos fundamentais, e demonstrar ao fim, como a demarcação do caso Raposa Serra do Sol atendeu a pauta do novo colonialismo brasileiro, mascarada sobre a tese do ambientalismo.
Effect of Increasing Public Debt on Agricultural Output in Nigeria: (1981-2022)
Authors: D. Ogwuche David , A Mohammed Musa.
Published: April 2024

The study was conducted to examine the effect of public debt on agricultural output in Nigeria using time series data from 1981 to 2022. The study adopted the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) unit root test, the Bound test for long run equilibrium relationship and the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL). The unit root test result showed that the dependent variable agricultural output and exchange rate are stationary at first difference while variables such as government agricultural expenditure and debt service ratio were stationary at levels. The bound test showed the presence of long run equilibrium relationship. The ARDL result estimated that   public debt has no significant impact on agricultural output in Nigeria. Public debt has a negative relationship with agricultural output in Nigeria for the period under study and there is a one directional causality relationship between public debt and agricultural output in Nigeria. Therefore, the study recommended that the country should allocate more funds and improve the institutional quality and policies that will boost the agricultural sector that will be beneficial to the country.
Thermo-Acoustical Study of Ascorbic Acid Interactions in Aqueous Solutions with Glycine and Glucose
Authors: Mutyala Shrilekha S. , Manik Urvashi P. , Mishra Paritosh L.
Published: April 2024

The Manuscript aims to show the noticeable and remarkable nature of intermolecular interaction that exists in the aqueous solution of Vitamin C + Glucose/Glycine at 2 MHz frequency. The Major data of ultrasonic velocity and density in Vitamin C+ Glucose /Glycine at various temperatures like (283K-298K) at different concentrations ranging from (0.02 to 0.2 Mol/kg). Experiment data have been used to evaluate some important parameters like Adiabatic compressibility, acoustic impedance, Relative Association, Relaxation strength, Internal pressure, and solubility Parameters which provide valuable information.  The result explains the structure-making breaking tendency and confirms the existence of solute-solvent interaction in (Vitamin C+ Glucose + H2O) rather than (Vitamin C + Glycine + H2O) because of the H-bonding present in their solution. A higher mass fraction is given stronger molecular interaction. According to these the proper combination of Vitamin C + glucose repair the human body cell and fast recovery from disease.
An Analytical Study on Dual Generalized Guglielmo Numbers
Authors: Yilmaz Bahadir , Soykan Yuksel
Published: April 2024

In this study, we investigate the generalized dual hyperbolic Guglielmo numbers and then various special cases are explored (including dual triangular numbers, dual triangular-Lucas numbers, dual oblong numbers, and dual pentagonal numbers). Binet's formulas, generating functions, and summation formulas for these numbers are presented. Additionally, Catalan's and Cassini's identities are provided, along with matrices associated with these sequences. Moreover, we give some identities and matrices related with these sequences.