bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transformando la Sociedad: de la jerarquía a la gobernanza de innovación social y democrática en el interés público
Authors: Seijo Javier
Published: December 2024

El presente estudio propone una análisis interpretativo y descriptivo de la evolución paradigmática de la Administración Pública y su visión de cambio social transformador. De otra parte, la propuesta indaga en cómo emerge el significado de la Ciencia de la Administración Pública, la relevancia de los estudios asociados a la gestión, cuáles son los campos principales de desarrollo y el cómo se implementa una evolución híbrida a partir de tres enfoques ideales de interacción entre ciudadanos y servidores públicos. El primero, la Vieja Administración Pública. El segundo, el enfoque de conservadurismo y Nueva Gestión Pública. El tercero, el ideal de democratización de la Administración Pública. Por último, la propuesta analiza la visión de vertebración que consolida la función de Administración y gestión pública por medio de una acción de cambio social, en la academia, con el concepto de innovación social y democrática.
Influencia de la ideología en las actitudes hacia la legalización del cannabis en España
Authors: Plaza Gómez Nicolás
Published: December 2024

Estas páginas buscan establecer una posible relación entre las actitudes hacia el cannabis y la ideología. Partimos de la idea de que, si bien tradicionalmente las tendencias favorables o en contra se identificaban con determinados grupos sociales y posiciones ideológicas, la actual diversidad de narrativas individuales y complejidad social puede haber difuminado esta asociación. Existe una multiplicidad de factores sociales que influye en las opiniones sobre el cannabis. En este trabajo nos centramos en la relación entre ideología y actitud hacia la legalización de la venta de cannabis en España, para saber si ambas variables se condicionan entre sí o son independientes. Para ello hemos utilizado el estudio 3318 del CIS, el barómetro realizado para abril de 2021, que incorpora datos sobre estas dos cuestiones. Extraemos información sobre las pruebas de independencia, las fuerzas y la naturaleza de la asociación, para comprender las relaciones entre ambas. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que existe una asociación entre la ideología de los entrevistados y las actitudes hacia la legalización de la marihuana, tanto para su venta como para su uso medicinal.
Effect of silver ions on the optical properties of colloidal solutions of CdS/L-Cysteine nanoparticles
Authors: Krupko O. , Shcherbak L.P. , Khalavka Yu.B. , Pylypko V.G.
Published: December 2024

The synthesis of CdS/Ag+ heterostructures was carried out based on colloidal solutions of CdS nanoparticles stabilized by the amino acid L-cysteine ​​by the method of ion substitution and co-precipitation from aqueous solutions at room temperature and a hydrogen index value of 7.
The effect of argentum ions on the optical properties of colloidal solutions of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles in the conditions of an oxidizing environment was investigated.
Argentum ion concentrations were determined, the introduction of which leads to an increase in the photoluminescence of the system and the growth of nanoparticles compared to the original colloidal solution of CdS/L-Cysteine ​​NPs.
Analysis of nutritional components in the bran of debranned wheat and comparison with endosperm flour
Authors: Yang Tianqi , Tian Shuangqi , Chen Yanyan , Lu Jing , Niu Yongwu
Published: December 2024

Compared to ordinary white wheat, colored wheat has an enhanced nutritional profile, with nutrients primarily distributed in the bran layers. In this study, debranning technology was utilized to regulate debranning times and selectively debranned outer layer, middle layer, and aleurone layer of colored wheat bran to analyze the distribution of nutrients within these layers. Iron, selenium, zinc, and calcium in the bran of black wheat were more than five times higher than in the flour. Iron and calcium were concentrated in the outer layer of the bran, while selenium and zinc were mainly found in the aleurone layer. Pigment compounds and total phenolics were distributed in the middle layer of the wheat bran, with the anthocyanin content in this layer being over 20 times higher than that in the flour. The majority of dietary fiber was found in the endosperm layer. The outer layer of the bran was dominant in iron, selenium, and dietary fiber. The middle layer had higher levels of lutein, alkylresorcinols, and anthocyanins, while the aleurone layer featured a more even distribution of nutritional components. This article provides theoretical support for incorporating nutrient-rich bran layers into flour in future applications.
Lipase-producing Aspergillus niger LP4 isolated from banana plantations: Lipase production optimization via central composite design and environmental applications
Authors: Al-Khattaf Fatimah S. , Punitha Amirtha Mani , Hatamleh Ashraf Atef , Nandhakumari Ponnumuthu
Published: December 2024

Lipases degrade triglycerides and are used in detergent, biodiesel production, and chemical industries. In this work, lipase-producing fungal strains were enriched. A total of 10 morphologically different fungi were isolated and screened for lipase production. The isolated indigenous Aspergillus niger LP4 utilized a mixture of Calophyllum inophyllum oil cake and coconut oil cake (1:1), showing greater lipase production (127.5 ± 5.5 U/g substrate) than Calophyllum inophyllum oil cake (120.2 ± 3.4 U/g substrate) and coconut oil cake (103 ± 1.8 U/g substrate). A one-variable-at-a-time approach revealed optimum pH at 6.5 (139.2 ± 4.5 U/g substrate), 30 °C (152.4 ± 7.3 U/g substrate), 6% (v/w) inoculums (174.1 ± 5.4 U/g substrate), and 60% moisture content (180.5 ± 3.3 U/g substrate). After screening bioprocess variables by the traditional method, the selected three variables (pH, inoculum concentration, and moisture level) were optimized by the central composite design experiment. The central composite design gave 2.1-fold more lipase production compared to an unoptimized medium. The F-value of the designed model was 12.98, and the p-value was 0.0002. In this model, the terms A, B, C, A2, and C2 were significant model terms. The crude lipase showed exceptional compatibility with detergents, improved wash performance, and released free fatty acids from the wastewater.
Dimitriy Rostovsky reading menologion between Kyiv, Moscow and Rila monastery: A page of the history of slavonic editing and establishing a comprehensive publishing process in the Russian Empire in the 18th century
Authors: Zagorov Vasil , Angelova Gabriela
Published: December 2024

The article focuses on proofreading copies of Dimitriy Rostovskyi’s well-known Reading Menologion Lives of the Saints from the library of the biggest Bulgarian monastery – Rila Monastery. The Lives of the Saints was initially printed in the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra, then went under the Most Holy Governing Synod’s patronage in Moscow, and was published there in 1756-9. The Rila Monastery copies contain proofreading marks, and a detailed study shows that they represent the final stage of the editorial and publishing process of the first Moscow edition. The study of Rila Library Menologion copies highlights an important issue from the book history of Eastern Europe.
The Secrets of Salantai Engraving Studio: Stanisław Czerski, the Mysterious Byks, and ‘The Wrong’ Plater
Authors: Braziūnienė Alma
Published: December 2024

In the early 19th century, the short-living Salantai Engraving Studio became an exceptional phenomenon of the culture of Lithuania: it was here that engravings with Lithuanian (Samogitian) inscriptions were being made. Its founder Stanisław Czerski (1777–1833), who also worked there for a while, was denoted by a talented personality of broad interests. He was a talented philologist, a translator, pedagogue, engraver, ethnologist, a canon of the Samogitian Cathedral Chapter, and a Doctor of Theology. The article investigates the nature of the activity of Salantai Engraving Studio: whether the engravers using the fictitious name of Byks was related to it, if this could be Albert Gorski (1808–1860), the owner of Salantai Manor, with whom of the Plater family Stanisław Czerski was maintaining friendly relationships, as well as other debatable issues which, so far, have been presented in historiography in a multitude of different ways. The objective of this article is to specify some claims on Stanisław Czerski as a promoter of culture and Salantai Engraving Studio while challenging a number of misconceptions that previously were firmly established in historiography, while also providing novel insights in terms of explicating pseudonyms and other relevant issues. The sources of this research are publications in encyclopedias, reference publications and scholarly articles, while also touching upon the relevant archival sources in a number of memory institutions. This research employs content and source analysis methods along with the historical comparative method. The article raises a hypothesis that Salantai Studio was making not only copper engravings, but also publishing lithographs. Meanwhile, the Byks alias appears to have been used by two different engravers. The exact date of birth of Albert Gorski, the owner of Salantai Manor, and a disciple of Stanisław Czerski has been established. Archival sources were used to determine some facts of the biography of Albert Gorski, and his relationship with Stanisław Czerski has been outlined. The claim by Vaclovas Biržiška on the friendship between Stanisław Czerski and Jurgis Plateris (1810–1836) has been disproven. Hopefully, this article will serve for further more extensive research on Salantai Engraving Studio and its founder Stanisław Czerski.
THE INFLUENCE OF BIFIDOBACTERIUM ANIMALIS AND LECTIN OF B. SUBTILIS IMV B-7724 ON THE ANTITUMOR IMMUNE RESPONSE OF MICE WITH EHRLICH ADENOCARCINOMA
Authors: FEDOSOVA N. , CHEREMSHENKO N. , GOGOL S. , BEZDIENIEZHNYKH N. , TIKHONOV V. , VOYEYKOVA I. , KONOVALENKO V. , CHEKHUN V.
Published: December 2024

Aim. To investigate the effect of bacteria of the genus Bifidobacterium and the extracellular metabolite of B. subtilis IMV B-7724 on the antitumor immune response of mice with a model tumor. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on Balb/c mice with transplanted solid Ehrlich adenocarcinoma (ACE). Starting from the 2nd day after the transplantation of tumor cells, the animals of the experimental groups were treated with lectin of B. subtilis IMV B-7724 (s/c, 1 mg/kg of weight), Bifidobacterium animalis (per os, 7 × 105 CFU/mouse) or their combination. The immunological studies were performed on the 21st and 28th days of tumor growth. The functional activity of natural killer cells (NK), cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL), as well as the ability of lymphocytes from the peripheral lymph nodes (PLN) to transform into blast cells under the influence of T- (Con A) and B-cell (LPS) mitogens were determined. Results. Administration of probiotic components to the mice with ACE led to the activation of innate immune responses, that is, to a significant increase in the cytotoxic activity of NK, especially in the case of their combined use. The NK cytotoxicity index was higher than that in the non-treated ACE-bearing mice and the intact control by 3.7 and 2.1 times, respectively (p < 0.05). Similarly, the highest specific cytotoxic activity of spleen lymphocytes was observed upon the combined use of the microbial preparations: the CTL cytotoxicity index was nearly 2.5-fold higher than in the non-treated ACE-bearing mice. The data on the ability of PLN lymphocytes to transform into blast cells under the influence of Con A and LPS indicated the preservation of the functional activity of lymphocytes in the animals of the experimental groups during ACE growth. Conclusion. Both B. animalis and lectin of B. subtilis IMV B-7724 have a significant influence on the effectors of the natural and adaptive immunity of mice with ACE. Their combined use was found to be the most effective.
FACTORS AFFECTING COVID-19 OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH HEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCIES
Authors: RUDZITE A.M. , AUZINA D. , LEJNIECE S.
Published: December 2024

Background. Patients with hematological malignancies (HM) are considered to have a high risk of developing severe and life-threatening infections including COVID-19 because of immune deficiency and immunosuppressive treatments. Although the COVID pandemic spread worldwide, morbidity and mortality data varied from country to country. A more accurate identification of risk factors would allow the improvement of the clinical management of HM patients. Aim. This study aimed to determine real-life data — the mortality rate, clinical outcomes, and risk factors affecting mortality in patients with HM and COVID-19 at the Riga East University Hospital (REUH) in Latvia. Materials and Methods. In this retrospective non-interventional cohort study, we included adult patients treated in REUH with ongoing HM and laboratory- confirmed COVID-19 observed between December 1st, 2020, and March 31st, 2023. All data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, binary logistic regression, univariable Cox regression model, and other methods. Results. We registered 156 patients with 11 different HMs. Multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and acute myeloid leukemia were the most common HM. COVID-19 mortality rate was 19.9% (31/156). Factors increasing the risk of death included the severity of COVID-19 (p < 0.001), the accession of bacterial infection (p < 0.001), longer hospital stay (p = 0.037), absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≤ 0.5 × 109/mm3 (p = 0.014), fever (p = 0.039), and acute myeloid leukemia (p = 0.002). We also confirmed that the mortality in the third pandemic wave was significantly lower than in the second wave (p = 0.002). Although vaccination seemed to be a risk-mitigating factor (58.8% [10/17] of those who died from COVID-19 were not vaccinated), no statistically important correlation was found (p = 0.690). Conclusion. This survey confirmed that the COVID-19 mortality rate was higher in patients with HM (19.9% [31/156]) than in the population. ANC, severity of COVID-19, accession of bacterial infection, hospital stay, fever, and acute myeloid leukemia were the factors that increased mortality in HM patients.
Implementation of ERACS to Optimize High-Demand Delivery Services at a Secondary Public Hospital in The Jakarta Region
Authors: Oktavia Eva , Wahyoedi Soegeng , Gunardi Wani Devita
Published: December 2024

The Enhanced Recovery After Cesarean Section (ERACS) method is an effort to improve the quality of cesarean delivery service through standardization of perioperative management, supported by evidence-based medicine. This study assessed the impact of implementing ERACS method on hospital service quality, focusing on patient recovery time and satisfaction. Furthermore, it also measures the influence of age and educational background in moderating the effect of service quality. A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted using a consecutive sampling method on 75 patients who underwent ERACS and were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Documentation on patients’ perception of service quality and satisfaction was reviewed post-surgically before discharge. The hypothesis test showed that ERACS has a significant positive effect on patient satisfaction (β= 0.9, p= <0.05), and it has a significant negative effect on length of hospital stay (β= -0.29, p= <0.01). Age and educational background did not moderate the effect of ERACS on patient satisfaction (β= 0.001, p= >0.05 and β= 0.01, p= >0.05, respectively). The education factor also did not moderate the effect of ERACS on the length of hospital stay (β= 0.01, p= >0.05). In contrast, the age factor moderated the effect of ERACS on the length of hospital stay (β= 0.31, p= <0.05). The ERACS method is feasible to be carried out at a level two public hospital with good patient outcomes and satisfaction. Young aged group of patients were good candidates for ERACS accelerated recovery time protocol.
Qualitative Evaluation of Antibiotics Use for Ventilator Associated Pneummonia (VAP) Patient in ICU Dharmais Cancer Hospital Using Gyssens Method
Authors: Ramadhanti Shahyawidya , Radji Maksum , Andalusia Rizka
Published: December 2024

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a pulmonary infection that occurs after more than 48 hours of mechanical ventilation or endotracheal intubation. VAP is the most common nosocomial infection in ICU (Intensive Care Unit), and of course the use of antibiotics will affect the treatment of the infection. This study aims to evaluate the quality of antibiotic use for VAP treatment in ICU Dharmais Cancer Hospital using Gyssens method, evaluate the different outcomes of antibiotic therapy that are rational and irrational according to the Gyssens method, and evaluating the distribution of rational (category 0) and irrational (category 1-5) antibiotic use. This prospective study was carried out from February to May 2017 with descriptive analyses. Antibiotic uses were documented prospectively by a pharmacist and analysis by using Gyssens method. Pharmacist was used total sampling method, which is included all adult VAP patients in ICU. A total of 29 patients (18,24%) were reviewed from 159 patients. The most dominant antibiotic use for VAP empiric treatment was meropenem and the most dominant antibiotic use for VAP definitive treatment was levofloxacin. Factors affecting the quality of antibiotic use include type of the therapy, number of antibiotics used by patient and length of stay (P>0,05). Factors affecting the therapy outcome of VAP patient was time of antibiotic use (P<0.05). The relationship between outcome therapy and quality of antibiotic use based on Gyssens method shows on category 0 which died 64,3%, category 2 died 66,7% and the category 4 died 75%. The relationship between outcome therapy and quality of antibiotic use based on Gyssens method shows more irrational use of antibiotics then the therapy outcome is not getting better.
Language maps and sociolinguistic data
Authors: Di Carlo Pierpaolo
Published: December 2024

Drawing language maps is not normally considered an important part of linguists’ work. Nonetheless, language maps influence their users’ perceptions and understandings of the characteristics of the languages that they represent. Therefore, given their communicative power, wide accessibility, and generalized use for educational purposes, attention must be paid as to what messages language maps convey about the languages that they visualize since different cartographic styles can be suited to representing some language ecologies better than others. However, decisions at this level are not normally made explicit by cartographers, and the ways in which certain ideologies surface in language maps can escape the attention of both linguists and cartographers alike. This article clarifies why these issues are especially relevant in a domain such as that of the study of Bantoid languages and proposes some novel cartographic models that have been used for representing the languages of Lower Fungom in western Cameroon. These include some cartographic strategies for the representation of the language ideologies of speaker communities and of individual multilingualism. The latter is both a key and under-researched feature in Bantoid sociolinguistics and the article suggests how scholars who are not sociolinguists may nevertheless contribute to its exploration.
Effect of animal fat replacement by oleogel as an innovative strategy on the composition of fatty acids, technological, oxidative, and sensory properties in hamburgers
Authors: Roufegarinejad L. , Khiabani A. Habibzadeh , Kheiri F. , Gharekhani M. , Toker O. Said , Karimidastjerd A. , Alizadeh A.
Published: December 2024

The present work evaluates the effect of the incorporation of 6% carnauba wax (CW) and 7% monoglyceride (MG) oleogels for production of a healthy lipid mixture (linseed and sunflower oils) oleogels as a fat replacer at 30, 50, and 70% in hamburger formulation. Hamburgers' fatty acid composition, cooking loss, fat absorption, and texture and oxidative stabilities were evaluated. Incorporation of oleogels in hamburger formulation resulted in a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in amounts of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), as well as a decrease in the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids and atherogenic indices, and an increase in linoleic and linolenic acids (PUFAs) content. Substitution of animal fat with CW and MG based oleogels improved the manufactured hamburgers' quality by reducing cooking loss and fat absorption. In addition, the use of oleogel improved the oxidative stability during the storage of burgers. The lower hardness of oleogels compared to animal fats, as well as their nutritional and technological properties, make them a desirable candidate for animal fat substitution.
The impact of early physical rehabilitation in the intensive care unit on the mental state and cognitive functions of patients with COVID-19
Authors: Kovalenko Viacheslav , Kuchyn Iurii
Published: December 2024

As of 2021, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), over 700 million cases of COVID-19 have been recorded globally, of which approximately 20 % required hospitalisation and 5 % were transferred to Intensive Care Units (ICU). The primary cause for hospitalisation of patients in ICU is respiratory failure caused by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with COVID-19. Breathing problems, prolonged ICU stays, and the need for mechanical ventilation significantly affect patients' overall health, reducing their ability to self-care, decreasing muscle strength, and negatively impacting cognitive functions. Early physical rehabilitation is considered a potentially effective method to improve treatment outcomes, particularly in reducing anxiety and depression and restoring cognitive functions.
The aim of our study is to investigate the impact of early physical rehabilitation in the ICU on cognitive function and mental state in patients with COVID-19.
Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study on patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 who required hospitalisation in the ICU between October 2020 and March 2021. We compared the effects of one and two daily sessions of physical rehabilitation on anxiety and depression levels, as well as cognitive functions in these patients.
Results: We found that two daily sessions of physical rehabilitation significantly reduced anxiety and depression levels in patients with COVID-19, especially among males. Cognitive function dynamics did not show significant differences between the groups, which may indicate the limited impact of physical rehabilitation on cognitive functions in the short term.
Conclusion: Early physical rehabilitation is an important component of the treatment for patients with COVID-19 in the ICU. Increasing the frequency of physical rehabilitation sessions per day contributes to improving patients' mental state, reducing anxiety and depression, and also holds potential for preserving cognitive functions, which is critically important for the long-term recovery of patients after severe illness
Antimicrobial activity of a new compound of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives against pathogens of poultry bacterial diseases
Authors: Vashchyk Yevheniia , Safonov Andriy , Zakhariev Andriy , Shapovalova Olga , Demianenko Denys
Published: December 2024

The aim: study of the antimicrobial activity of a new compound of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives against pathogens of poultry bacteriosis.
Materials and methods. Research was conducted on the bactericidal activity of a new compound of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives against pathogens of poultry bacteriosis. Dimethylsulfoxide was used to dissolve the ASP compound. In order to study the bactericidal activity of the compounds, reference and field strains of S. typhimurium, E. coli, St. aureus, P. aeruginosa, P. vulgaris, K. pneumoniae, L. monocytogenes, E. faecalis were used. The study of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was carried out by the method of serial dilution in Muller-Hinton broth, the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) - by seeding from transparent tubes on Petri dishes with differential nutrient media.
The results. The inhibitory effect of the ASP compound at a concentration of 62.5 μg/ml against E. coli, L. Monocytogenes, E. faecalis, and at a concentration of 125 μg/ml against S. typhimurium, E. coli, St. aureus, P. aeruginosa, P. vulgaris, K. pneumoniae, L. monocytogenes, E. faecalis was established. The bactericidal effect of the ASP compound was detected at a concentration of 62.5 μg/ml against L. monocytogenes, at a concentration of 125 μg/ml - against E. coli, St. aureus, L. monocytogenes and E. faecalis. The ASP compound at a concentration of 250 μg/ml has the inhibitory and bactericidal effect on all tested reference and field strains of poultry bacteriosis pathogens.
Conclusions. A new synthesized compound of 1,2,4 triazole derivatives of ASP exhibits the inhibitory effect at a concentration of 125 μg/ml - in relation to E. coli, St. aureus, L. monocytogenes and E. faecalis and the bactericidal effect against bacteriosis pathogens S. typhimurium, E. coli, St. aureus, P. aeruginosa, P. vulgaris, K. pneumoniae, L. monocytogenes, E. faecalis at a concentration of 250 μg/ml
Optimizing micropropagation of Indonesian conserved orchid Vanda celebica using organic compounds and a temporary immersion system
Authors: LAILY Ainna N. , MAHARIJAYA Awang , WULANDARI Dyah R. , PUSPITANINGTYAS Dwi M. , ARIATI Siti R. , MARTIN Andri F. , HAPSARI Betalini W.
Published: December 2024

Vanda celebica is an orchid species endemic and protected in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. To overcome such difficulties, micropropagation methods have been widely used, incorporating modified media and culture systems to improve success rates. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the viability of dry seeds stored at -20 °C for five years and the micropropagation of their protocorms using organic compounds, enhanced by a temporary immersion system (TIS) bioreactor. The genetic similarity between regenerants and the parental plant was also assessed using inter-sequence simple repeats (ISSR) markers to support conservation efforts. The results showed that V. celebica seeds stored for five years retained viability, with germination rates ranging from 56.16% to 73.45%. The addition of 40 g L-1 potato puree to the germination media significantly enhanced protocorm development. For further proliferation, ½-MS media supplemented with 150 ml L-1 coconut water and 50 ml L-1 carrot juice was found to be the most effective, resulting in a protocorm-like body (PLB) induction rate of 2.22 per explant, with an initiation time of 14.43 weeks, a 96.54% survival rate, and 30.56% of explants successfully induced. Dividing stage-4 protocorms yielded the best response, producing an average of 4.54 induced explants with an initiation time of 8.18 weeks. The TIS bioreactor system showed optimal results for shoot regeneration, achieving 64.84% and 37.07% regeneration rates. Genetic analysis indicated a similarity coefficient of 0.74-0.89 between regenerants and the parental plant, suggesting a genetic diversity comparable to Vanda species in their natural habitat.
A IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DA REFORMA DO ENSINO MÉDIO NA REDE PÚBLICA PAULISTA
Authors: Randazzo Ortega André , Germano Hollerbach Joana D'arc
Published: December 2024

O artigo tem por objetivo investigar o processo de implementação da Reforma do Ensino Médio (Lei nº 13.415/2017) na rede pública do estado de São Paulo tendo no horizonte a seguinte problemática: como a Exposição de Motivos (EM) nº 84/2016, que acompanhou a Medida Provisória (MP) nº 746/2016, se transportou para as ações e para os documentos engendrados pelo governo estadual por ocasião da concretização da Lei nº 13.415/2017? Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo de base materialista histórico-dialética, que utiliza a pesquisa bibliográfica e a análise documental como técnicas de coleta de dados. A pesquisa bibliográfica revelou que a literatura e a produção acadêmica entendem que a Reforma do Ensino Médio em São Paulo se apoia em um tripé composto pelo Currículo Paulista e pelos programas Inova Educação e Novotec. Dialogando com esse resultado, a análise documental revela que os elementos contidos na EM se transportaram com fluidez para as ações e os documentos engendrados pelo governo estadual por ocasião da concretização da Lei nº 13.415/2017, o que demonstra um alinhamento entre a visão de educação gestada pelo PSDB desde 1995 na rede pública paulista àquela presente na reforma.
Implementation of Problem Based Learning in Mechatronics System Design course
Authors:   School of Mechanical Engineering, KLE Technological University, Hubbali-580031, Khatawate Vinayak , Udapudi Prashant ,   Department of Automation and Robotics, KLE Technological University, Hubbali-580031, Kotturshettar B. B. ,   School of Mechanical Engineering, KLE Technological University, Hubbali-580031, Giriyapur Arun ,   Department of Automation and Robotics, KLE Technological University, Hubbali-580031, M Vijayalakshmi ,   School of Computer Science and Engineering, KLE Technological University, Hubbali-580031
Published: December 2024

Abstract—This paper presents the implementation and evaluation of Problem Based Learning (PBL) in a Mechatronics System Design (MSD) course aimed at 3rd year undergraduate engineering students. Integrating PBL into the course curriculum seeks to enhance student's understanding of complex mechatronic systems and their ability to design innovative solutions. The implementation process involved the identification of authentic, real-world problems relevant to mechatronics engineering. The System composer module of MATLAB tool is used to build virtual prototype, integrate, and test the problem. This module helps to follow the V model or VDI2206 guidelines. Throughout the course, students engaged in active problemsolving activities, conducting research, analyzing data, and applying theoretical concepts to develop practical solutions. Faculty members serve as facilitators, guiding students through the problem-solving process while encouraging self-directed learning and collaboration among peers. Assessment methods evaluate the student’s technical competence and ability to work effectively in teams, communicate ideas, and use modern tools. Preliminary results indicate that implementing PBL in the Mechatronics System Design course has led to positive outcomes in student learning and engagement. Surveys and student feedback reveal increased motivation, confidence, and satisfaction with the learning experience. Furthermore, students demonstrate improved problem-solving skills, a deeper understanding of mechatronic principles, and enhanced abilities to collaborate in interdisciplinary teams.

Keywords— MATLAB System composer, V model or VDI2206 guidelines, Virtual prototyping
TP in Oshiwambo subject nominalizations
Authors: Lee Soo-Hwan , Ndapo Olivia
Published: December 2024

Subject nominalizations have been argued to be deprived in verbal structure and lack extended verbal projections such as TP (Baker & Vinokurova 2009). We show that TP is realized in Oshiwambo (R20, Bantu) subject nominalizations. Other functional elements associated with passive, causative, and applicative constructions are observed in Oshiwambo subject nominalizations. Anaphor binding is also attested. We further demonstrate that subject nominalizations are different from reduced and headless relative clauses. An implication of this work is that Oshiwambo subject nominalizations are best described under a phrasal layering approach (Alexiadou & Schäfer 2010, among others) and that their syntactic size can be as articulated as a finite clause.
Artificial intelligent systems and the problem of experience
Authors:   Institute for Philosophy and Law, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Biricheva Ekaterina V.
Published: December 2024

The development, implementation, and further improvement of artificial intelligence (AI) systems tend to be related to the problem of experience. Unlike programs as closed algorithms, such systems interact with the environment and are able to change it in practice. Thus, contemporary discourse appears to ascribe «abilities», «learning skills», «decision-making», etc. to artificial agents. However, is it correct to extrapolate to artificial intelligent systems (AIS) the sense of phenomena characteristic of living beings? Is a machine truly able to gain experience, learn, and make decisions? The search for answers to such questions encourages investigation into the category of experience, its structure, and its gaining by living beings. Due to the ambiguity of this category itself, the use of the phenomenological approach seems to be the most productive. It allows us not only to clarify the essential features of experience but also to explore its multidimensional connections with practice, memory, imagination, will, setting and achieving goals. An analysis of specific examples also helps in evaluating analogues of these components for artificial agents and in systematizing problems that arise with further improvement of AIS. The presented results show that the category of experience, in the strict sense of the word, is not applicable to the currently functioning «weak/narrow» AI. However, the possibility of modeling this phenomenon seems to be open within the framework of future developments of «strong/general» AI. In conclusion, the reader may find factors that should be taken into account and implemented when creating AIS that would be able to gain experience and to carry out conscious practical activity.
Manipulation of emotional security by cybercriminals using social engineering technologies: a case study
Authors:   Perm State University, Ignatova Ekaterina S.
Published: December 2024

In psychology, the pervasive social fraud is only becoming a matter of interest. The article looks at fraud from the perspective of manipulative influence on the mental state of a potential victim who «voluntarily» violates information security. The study raises the problem of the need to recognize the mechanism of fraudulent influence on a person and their behavior. The theoretical foundations of this problem are considered. The historical aspect of the application of social engineering technologies to obtain personal information and regulate human behavior is shown. The types of social fraud are described. The heterogeneity of fraudulent schemes is indicated. The factors of fraudulent influence that act as targets are presented, including empirically confirmed personal characteristics of potential and real victims, their thinking systems and basal emotional regulation. The role of cognitive distortions that reduce the effectiveness of critical thinking in an emotionally insecure state is shown. The stages of manipulative influence by fraudsters have been identified. A psychological analysis of a case of manipulative influence on emotional security by cybercriminals using social engineering technologies is described, with the results of a study into the victim’s identity presented. The study has found correspondence between the personal characteristics of the subject and the empirical portrait of a fraudsters’ victim in expressed indicators of benevolence, conscientiousness, anxiety, orientation to the value of security, conviction in the moral qualities of Another. The analysis of the victim’s narrative made it possible: to describe the criminals’ scenario within the range «situational tension – removal of psychological tension», when the victim is consistently deprived of key components of emotional security: calmness, confidence in the controllability of what is happening and the possibility of predicting the consequences; to establish the dynamics of the victim’s emotional experience and its influence on the perception of reality, on the mental system and, ultimately, on irrational behavior. Recommendations for the prevention of victimized behavior of a victim of fraud are formulated. The data obtained can be used in psychological counseling, in the field of risk management and forecasting in various industries where social fraud is represented in one way or another.
Formation of non-metallic inclusions in production of 08Kh18N10T corrosion-resistant steel
Authors: Em A. Yu. , Komolova O. A. , Grigorovich K. V. , Rumyantseva S. B.
Published: December 2024

Corrosion-resistant steels are in demand in the modern world due to their high performance properties and a wide range of applications. Such areas of application include kitchenware, furniture, medical equipment, nuclear reactors, spacecraft, etc. Oxygen in steel, especially in corrosion-resistant steel, is one of the most harmful elements. Oxide inclusions disrupt the homogeneity of the metal, negatively affect the ductility, fracture toughness, fatigue strength and corrosion resistance of steel. In corrosion-resistant steels, non-metallic inclusions (NI) lead to the formation of defects in cold-rolled sheets. Aluminate inclusions also lead to clogging of steel-casting equipment. An analysis of the production technology of corrosion-resistant steel 08Kh8N10T was carried out in order to determine the causes of NI formation that affect the pourability of steel and its quality. The studies determined the content of total oxygen and nitrogen, as well as oxygen bound in various non-metallic inclusions at the stages of ladle processing and continuous steel casting. It was shown that after the introduction of titanium wire into the melt, the total nitrogen content decreases due to the formation and subsequent removal of titanium nitrides. At the same time, the content of titanium oxides in the melt increases. It was shown that the causes of clogging of steel-pouring nozzles during continuous casting are complex non-metallic inclusions based on titanium oxides, which were deposited on the inner surface of the pouring nozzle-doser. Recommendations were made to adjust the technology of steel melting in EAF and ladle processing. Based on the results of electron microscopic analysis, it was established that mixing of refining liquid-mobile slag in ladle steel processing units contributed to the assimilation of non-metallic inclusions by slag and a decrease in their sizes in the metal. After the implementation of the corrective recommendations, clogging of steel-pouring nozzles during continuous casting was not observed.
Structural-phase states and properties of high-speed surfacing after tempering and electron beam processing
Authors: Gromov V. E. , Chapaikin A. S. , Bashchenko L. P.
Published: December 2024

In this work, the authors used the methods of modern physical materials science to investigate the structure, defective substructure, phase composition, tribological and mechanical properties of the surfacing subjected to high-temperature tempering at 580 °C and subsequent electron beam processing. The deposited layers up to 10 mm thick are formed by plasma surfacing with PP-18YU powder wire in a nitrogen medium. According to the phase composition, the deposited layers consist of α-Fe and carbides of Me6C composition. After tempering, the polycrystalline structure of the deposited layer contains grains of 7.0 – 22.5 μm in size with layers of the second phase along the boundaries and at the joints of grains with composition V4C3 , Cr7C3 , Fe3C, Cr23C6 , WC1 – x . Electron beam processing forms a thin surface layer (30 – 50 μm) with grains of cellular (columnar) structure of high-speed crystallization of submicron (100 – 250 nm) size. Particles of the second phase of the nanoscale range of globular and faceted shapes were detected in the volume of grains and along the boundaries.
Microheterogeneous structure of liquid cast irons IChKh28N2 and ICh310Kh24M2F4TR
Authors: Tsepelev V. S. , Sinitsin N. I. , Chikova O. A. , Potapov M. G. , V’yukhin V. V.
Published: December 2024

The paper presents original experimental data on the viscosity and electrical resistivity of liquid cast irons IChKh28N2 and ICh310Kh24M2F4TR. The authors discuss the measurement results within the framework of the concept of metal melts microheterogeneity. Liquid cast iron in a micro­heterogeneous state is considered as a dispersed system consisting of dispersed Fe – 30 % Cr particles distributed in a Fe – 3 % C dispersion medium. The concept of colloidal microheterogeneity (microheterogeneity) of Fe – C melts was first formulated by Wertman & Samarin more than 80 years ago and found another confirmation in this work. The introduction of theoretical approaches to the rheology of dispersed systems into the analysis of the temperature dependences of the viscosity of microheterogeneous melts made it possible to estimate the parameters of microheterogeneity: the volume fraction and size of dispersed particles. The volume fraction of dispersed particles was determined using the Taylor equation for the viscosity of dispersed systems and size of dispersed particles – within the framework of the theory of absolute reaction rates. Analysis of the temperature dependences of microheterogeneous melts electrical resistivity within the framework of the theory of transport phenomena (in this case, conductivity) in inhomogeneous media (microheterogeneous melts) made it possible to estimate the volume fraction of dispersed particles. The volume fraction of dispersed particles based on data on the electrical resistivity of liquid cast iron was determined using the Odelevsky equation for the inhomogeneous media conductivity. The cluster size was determined by the ratio of the melt electrical resistivity at the liquidus temperature and the analysis temperature, taking into account the known data for the mean free path and the electron scattering coefficient of liquid iron. The volume fraction of dispersed particles in liquid cast iron was 0.2 – 0.1 at the liquidus temperature. With increasing temperature, the volume fraction of dispersed particles decreases. The cluster size in liquid cast iron was about 3 nm at the liquidus temperature, and with increasing temperature the cluster size decreased to 1 – 2 nm. The results obtained are of practical importance: increasing the performance properties of cast iron castings is possible by high-temperature melt treatment (HTMT) in order to change the crystallization conditions and obtain a modified structure. Studies of the microheterogeneous structure of liquid cast irons and assessment of microheterogeneity parameters make it possible to substantiate and propose the optimal HTMT mode in order to improve the performance characteristics of products made of wear-resistant cast irons alloyed with chromium.
Type of generalized mathematical model for describing large hot deformations
Authors: Belomyttsev M. Yu.
Published: December 2024

The relationship between temperature-strain-force parameters in hot deformation processes is important in the forming practice. Of the two options for searching and describing such relationships (based on physical laws and mathematical techniques), in some cases the method of mathe­matical search for the desired dependence turns out to be simpler. This is exactly the path implemented in the abstracted message. For this propose, a matrix of initial data was created from digitized strain diagrams of the samples made of heat-resistant 1Cr12Ni3Mo2VNbN 12 % Cr steel deformed to a true deformation degree of ~1 at 1253 – 1453 K and a compression rate of 0.01 – 10 s–1 in true coordinates (φ and S). In this matrix, for each point of the experimental deformation diagram the stress S, the deformation degree φ, the deformation rate φ′, and the temperature T were indicated. The required mathematical model has a multiplicative form, which made it possible to bring it into a linear form by taking logarithms and to search for coefficients with the factors (and after logarithm, with terms in a polynomial) to use standard Mathcad operators with calculation algorithms based on the least squares method. The quality of the model was assessed quantitatively by calculating Q – the sum of squared differences between the calculated and experimental stress values ​​with its normalization to the average stress value S from the entire array. For the found best form of relationship S = f (φ, φ′, T) as \(\log (S) = A + B\log (\varphi ) + C{[\log (\varphi )]^2} + D{[\log (\varphi )]^3} + E\log (\varphi ') + F\log (\varphi )\log (\varphi ') + G\frac{\varphi }{{\varphi '}} + \frac{{H + K\varphi  + M\log (\varphi ) + N\log (\varphi ') + P\log (\varphi )\log (\varphi ')}}{T}\) the Q value was 6 % of Sav = 130 MPa. It was established that the found type of mathematical description of hot deformation is applicable to the analysis of hot deformation processes of a wide variety of metal materials, while the accuracy of the predictive characteristics of the deformation stress is 3 – 11 %.
IMPACT OF NEUTRON DATA UNCERTAINTY ON THE ACCURACY OF CRITICAL PARAMETER CALCULATIONS FOR NEUTRON-MULTIPLYING MEDIA CONTAINING METASTABLE AMERICIUM-242
Authors:   Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering - a branch of the National Research Nuclear University «MEPhI», ANDRIANOV A.A. , ANDRIANOVA O.N. ,   Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering - a branch of the National Research Nuclear University «MEPhI», KARPENKO M.P. ,   Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering - a branch of the National Research Nuclear University «MEPhI», KUPTSOV I.S. ,   Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering - a branch of the National Research Nuclear University «MEPhI», UVAROVA A.A. ,   Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering - a branch of the National Research Nuclear University «MEPhI»
Published: December 2024

The metastable isomer of americium-242 (242mAm) is of interest due to its neutron-physical properties: an anomalously high fission cross-section in the thermal energy region and high yield of neutrons during fission. These features make it possible to achieve a critical mass of multiplying media based on 242mAm of only a few tens of grams. This paper presents a review of publicly available experimental data for 242mAm, sourced from the international databases of the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency and the IAEA. Modern evaluations of neutron data for this nuclide are compared. The paper also presents the results of assessing the influence of different sets of evaluated nuclear data for 242mAm on the calculation of the effective multiplication factor of infinite aqueous solutions and the critical parameters of aqueous solutions with a reflector containing 242mAm. The obtained results are compared with similar calculations for the main fissile fuel nuclides 235U and 239Pu. It is shown that, despite the convergence of the estimates of main neutron cross-sections of 242mAm in different libraries of evaluated nuclear data, significant differences remain in the energy-angle distributions of neutron interaction reactions, fission neutron spectra, and average numbers of neutrons emitted in the fission process. This leads to a significant (several times compared to the main fissile nuclides 235U and 239Pu) increase in the relative spread of the calculated values of critical parameters of multiplying media with 242mAm obtained using different sets of neutron data.