bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Small Incision Femtosecond Laser-assisted X-ray-irradiated Corneal Intrastromal Xenotransplantation in Rhesus Monkeys: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Jin He , Liu Liangping , Ding Hui , He Miao , Zhang Chi , Zhong Xingwu
Published: January 2019

Background:

Gamma-ray irradiation could significantly induce widespread apoptosis in corneas and reduced the allogenicity of donor cornea. And the X-rays may have similar biological effects. The feasibility and effects of X-ray-irradiated corneal lamellae have not been assessed yet.

Methods:

Different doses (10 gray unit (Gy), 20 Gy, 50 Gy, 100 Gy) of X-ray irradiated corneal lamellae were collected from SMILE surgery. These corneal lamellae were assessed by physical characterization, hematoxylin and eosin (H-E) staining, Masson’s staining, TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), cell viability assay and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We selected the optimum dose (100Gy) to treat the corneal lamellae to be the grafts. The human grafts and fresh allogeneic monkey corneal lamellae were implanted into rhesus monkeys via the small incision femtosecond laser-assisted surgery, respectively. Clinical examinations and the immunostaining were performed after surgery.

Results:

There were no significant changes in the transparency of the corneal lamellae, but the absorbency of the corneal lamellae was increased. According to the H-E and Masson’s staining results, irradiation had little impact on the corneal collagen. The TUNEL assay and cell viability assay results showed that 100Gy X-ray irradiation resulted in complete apoptosis in the corneal lamellae, which was also confirmed by TEM observations. In the following animal model study, no immune reactions or severe inflammatory responses occurred, and the host corneas maintained transparency for 24 weeks of observation. And the expression of CD4 and CD8 were negative in the all host corneas.

Conclusion:

X-ray irradiated corneal lamellae could serve as a potential material for xenogeneic inlay, and the small incision femtosecond laser-assisted implantation has the potential to become a new corneal transplantation surgical approach.
Hair Care Cosmetics Regulation in Different Countries – A Comparative Study
Authors: Pathak Kamla , Akhtar Nida
Published: January 2019

Background:

Hair care cosmetics are meant for the purpose of cleansing, modifying,
promoting growth and grooming the hair. These products are designed to provide nourishment and
prevent hair damage; these are mainly comprised of shampoos, conditioners, grooming products,
etc. The products have gained prominent deliberations across the globe due to increasing issues of
hair related problems. As these problems are enhancing at a greater rate, use of hair care cosmetics
should be regulated in order to make them safe and effective to the consumer. However, manufacturers
across the globe are conducting safety analysis to ensure the safety, non- irritating potential
of these products and that the product should not cause any allergic reaction.

Objective: The review highlights several regulatory as well as clinical aspects of hair cosmetics
that govern the use of hair products worldwide. Laws and regulations followed by various countries
are highlighted. The write up also unfolds clinical and safety aspects of different hair care
products.

Methods: Regulatory guidelines and clinical reports have been retrieved using sites
www.usfda.gov and www.clinicaltrials.gov, respectively.

Conclusion:

The FDA has recommended that hair care cosmetics should be evaluated for the type
of allergic reactions and the products should not be contaminated. An appropriate antimicrobial
agent must be added in order to prevent any type of microbial contamination. The product's safety
should be observed in market-place via consumer comments and complaints.
Gaming With Stigma: Analysis of Messages About Mental Illnesses in Video Games
Authors: Ferrari Manuela , McIlwaine Sarah V , Jordan Gerald , Shah Jai L , Lal Shalini , Iyer Srividya N
Published: January 2019

Background

Video game playing is a daily activity for many youths that replaces other media forms (eg, television); it serves as an important source of knowledge and can potentially impact their attitudes and behaviors. Researchers are, thus, concerned with the impact of video gaming on youth (eg, for promoting prosocial or antisocial behavior). Studies have also begun to explore players’ experience of gameplay and video game messages about violence, sexism, and racism; however, little is known about the impact of commercial video games in the sharing and shaping of knowledge, and messages about mental illness.

Objective

The aim of this review was to identify how mental illness, especially psychosis, is portrayed in commercial video games.

Methods

We performed keyword searches on games made available between January 2016 and June 2017 on Steam (a popular personal computer gaming platform). A total of 789 games were identified and reviewed to assess whether their game content was related to mental illness. At the end of the screening phase, a total of 100 games were retained.

Results

We used a game elements framework (characters, game environment/atmosphere, goals, etc) to describe and unpack messages about mental health and illness in video games. The majority of the games we reviewed (97%, 97/100) portrayed mental illness in negative, misleading, and problematic ways (associating it with violence, fear, insanity, hopelessness, etc). Furthermore, some games portrayed mental illness as manifestations or consequences of supernatural phenomena or paranormal experiences. Mental illness was associated with mystery, the unpredictable, and as an obscure illness; its treatment was also associated with uncertainties, as game characters with mental illness had to undergo experimental treatment to get better. Unfortunately, little or no hope for recovery was present in the identified video games, where mental illness was often presented as an ongoing struggle and an endless battle with the mind and oneself.

Conclusions

The game elements of the identified commercial video games included mental illness, about which many perpetuated well-known stereotypes and prejudices. We discuss the key findings in relation to current evidence on the impact of media portrayals of mental illness and stigma. Furthermore, we reflect on the ability of serious video games to promote alternative messages about mental illness and clinical practices. Future research is needed to investigate the impact that such messages have on players and to explore the role that video games can play in fostering alternative messages to reduce the stigma associated with mental illness.
Automatic Near Real-Time Outlier Detection and Correction in Cardiac Interbeat Interval Series for Heart Rate Variability Analysis: Singular Spectrum Analysis-Based Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND

Heart rate variability (HRV) is derived from the series of R-R intervals extracted from an electrocardiographic (ECG) measurement. Ideally all components of the R-R series are the result of sinoatrial node depolarization. However, the actual R-R series are contaminated by outliers due to heart rhythm disturbances such as ectopic beats, which ought to be detected and corrected appropriately before HRV analysis.

OBJECTIVE

We have introduced a novel, lightweight, and near real-time method to detect and correct anomalies in the R-R series based on the singular spectrum analysis (SSA). This study aimed to assess the performance of the proposed method in terms of (1) detection performance (sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy); (2) root mean square error (RMSE) between the actual N-N series and the approximated outlier-cleaned R-R series; and (3) how it benchmarks against a competitor in terms of the relative RMSE.

METHODS

A lightweight SSA-based change-point detection procedure, improved through the use of a cumulative sum control chart with adaptive thresholds to reduce detection delays, monitored the series of R-R intervals in real time. Upon detection of an anomaly, the corrupted segment was substituted with the respective outlier-cleaned approximation obtained using recurrent SSA forecasting. Next, N-N intervals from a 5-minute ECG segment were extracted from each of the 18 records in the MIT-BIH Normal Sinus Rhythm Database. Then, for each such series, a number (randomly drawn integer between 1 and 6) of simulated ectopic beats were inserted at random positions within the series and results were averaged over 1000 Monte Carlo runs. Accordingly, 18,000 R-R records corresponding to 5-minute ECG segments were used to assess the detection performance whereas another 180,000 (10,000 for each record) were used to assess the error introduced in the correction step. Overall 198,000 R-R series were used in this study.

RESULTS

The proposed SSA-based algorithm reliably detected outliers in the R-R series and achieved an overall sensitivity of 96.6%, specificity of 98.4% and accuracy of 98.4%. Furthermore, it compared favorably in terms of discrepancies of the cleaned R-R series compared with the actual N-N series, outperforming an established correction method on average by almost 30%.

CONCLUSIONS

The proposed algorithm, which leverages the power and versatility of the SSA to both automatically detect and correct artifacts in the R-R series, provides an effective and efficient complementary method and a potential alternative to the current manual-editing gold standard. Other important characteristics of the proposed method include the ability to operate in near real-time, the almost entirely model-free nature of the framework which does not require historical training data, and its overall low computational complexity.
Automatic Identification of Physical Activity Type and Duration by Wearable Activity Trackers: A Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Dorn Diana , Gorzelitz Jessica , Gangnon Ronald , Bell David , Koltyn Kelli , Cadmus-Bertram Lisa
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND

Activity trackers are now ubiquitous in certain populations, with potential applications for health promotion and monitoring and chronic disease management. Understanding the accuracy of this technology is critical to the appropriate and productive use of wearables in health research. Although other peer-reviewed validations have examined other features (eg, steps and heart rate), no published studies to date have addressed the accuracy of automatic activity type detection and duration accuracy in wearable trackers.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to examine the ability of 4 commercially available wearable activity trackers (Fitbits Flex 2, Fitbit Alta HR, Fitbit Charge 2, and Garmin Vívosmart HR), in a controlled setting, to correctly and automatically identify the type and duration of the physical activity being performed.

METHODS

A total of 8 activity types, including walking and running (on both a treadmill and outdoors), a run embedded in walking bouts, elliptical use, outdoor biking, and pool lap swimming, were tested by 28 to 34 healthy adult participants (69 total participants who participated in some to all activity types). Actual activity type and duration were recorded by study personnel and compared with tracker data using descriptive statistics and mean absolute percent error (MAPE).

RESULTS

The proportion of trials in which the activity type was correctly identified was 93% to 97% (depending on the tracker) for treadmill walking, 93% to 100% for treadmill running, 36% to 62% for treadmill running when preceded and followed by a walk, 97% to 100% for outdoor walking, 100% for outdoor running, 3% to 97% for using an elliptical, 44% to 97% for biking, and 87.5% for swimming. When activities were correctly identified, the MAPE of the detected duration versus the actual activity duration was between 7% and 7.9% for treadmill walking, 8.7% and 144.8% for treadmill running, 23.6% and 28.9% for treadmill running when preceded and followed by a walk, 4.9% and 11.8% for outdoor walking, 5.6% and 9.6% for outdoor running, 9.7% and 13% for using an elliptical, 9.5% and 17.7% for biking, and was 26.9% for swimming.

CONCLUSIONS

In a controlled setting, wearable activity trackers provide accurate recognition of the type of some common physical activities, especially outdoor walking and running and walking on a treadmill. The accuracy of measurement of activity duration varied considerably by activity type and tracker model and was poor for complex sets of activity, such as a run embedded within 2 walking segments.
MORALIDAD Y POLÍTICA EN ÁGNES HELLER
Authors: Hernández Arteaga Laura
Published: January 2019

En el texto que aquí se presenta, se explica la relación entre política y moral contenida en el trabajo intelectual de la filósofa húngara Ágnes Heller. La profundidad en la reflexión social y política de Heller se observa en la pretensión por construir un acompañamiento del individuo moderno en su contingente vida cotidiana, mediante la elaboración de los fundamentos morales de un orden político que garantice los valores de la libertad y la buena vida en común.

Se explica la manera en que Heller considera que la constitución de una vida civil dinámica, ética y justa, radica en “dos pilares”, a partir de lo que ella denomina un “posmodernismo reflexivo”: el hombre bueno y el buen ciudadano. La presencia de buenas normas es uno de los aspectos que garantiza el mantenimiento de la vida y la libertad. Desde su perspectiva, tanto el buen juicio moral (phronesis) como la constitución de una ciudad buena y justa no pueden estar separados: el buen juicio moral depende de la conexión entre la racionalidad orientada al valor y la racionalidad orientada a los fines, configurando de esta manera una autoridad moral que nos guía para tomar decisiones específicas. En suma, el desarrollo de este trabajo versa sobre las ideas que Ágnes Heller tiene acerca de lo que significa la filosofía moral y política, cuya concepción considera a la persona ética y al buen ciudadano como los engranajes centrales de la sociedad contemporánea.
Drought Stress Affecting Growth and Some Physiological Characters of Three Cocoa Clones at Seedling Phase
Authors: Zakariyya Fakhrusy , Indradewa Didik
Published: January 2019

Drought stress can have substantial negative impacts on cocoa plant growth until affect the death of plant. The present study aimed to determine theeffect of drought stress on the some physiological characters of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) seedlings. The research was carried out at the Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute, Jember, East Java, Indonesia. This research was conducted from January–December 2017. The experiment was designed by using completely randomized block design with two factors and with three replications. The first factor was clones, namely ICS 60, Sulawesi 1 and KW 641 clones. The second factor was interval of watering treatment, namely watering every 2 days (control/adequate water condition), watering every 5 days (moderate stress), and watering every 8 days (severe stress). Result of this study concluded that drought stress reduced the growth of cocoa seedlings, mainly as a result of reducing photosynthetic activities in all stressed cocoa clone seedlings. Under drought stress, KW 641 and Sulawesi 1 had higher leaf area, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll content, relative water content, and photosynthetic rate than ICS 60 clone.
COMPLEX CLINICAL AND RADIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF PATIENTS WITH HIP JOINT TRAUMATIC LESIONS BEFORE AND AFTER ENDOPROSTHESIS REPLACEMENT
Authors: Karlova N. A. , Boitsova M. G. , Zorin Y. P. , Sevryukova E. V.
Published: January 2019

Complex clinical and radiological examination has a great value for control of the patients with traumatic lesions of hip joint before and after endoprosthesis replacement. The high risk of possible complications due to mineral metabolism disorders which must be detected before and controlled after operations.
Tissue plasminogen activator for dysfunctional tunneled vascular catheters for hemodialysis - single center experience
Authors: Todorov Verica , Jankovic Aleksandar , Djuric Petar , Bulatovic Ana , Popovic Jovan , Dimkovic Nada
Published: January 2019

Introduction/Objective. Thrombosis of hemodialysis catheters is one of the major complications, which leads to catheter dysfunction. Although tissue plasminogen activator has been proven to be effective in reestablishing blood flow rate through dysfunctional catheters, clinical data in Serbia are missing. The objective of the study was to analyze tissue plasminogen activator efficacy in reestablishing blood flow rate and the influence on catheter survival. Methods. The study included 53 tunneled catheters from 32 patients on hemodialysis. After catheter dysfunction was established, 580,000 units of tissue plasminogen activator was applied into each catheter lumen for about two hours before hemodialysis. The criteria for success was blood flow rate on the next hemodialysis ? over 200 mL/minute was considered to be complete success, 180?200 mL/minute partial success, and under 180 mL/minute was considered a failure. Results. Out of 53, 25 catheters (47%) had dysfunction with an incidence of 3.8/1,000 catheter days. Catheters placed in femoral veins, ?after-first? catheters, catheters with infection, and catheters in older patients had higher risk for dysfunction. Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that only older age was significantly related to catheter dysfunction. Of the total of 50 applications of tissue plasminogen activator, 35 (70%) were successful, seven procedures (14%) were partially successful and eight (16%) dysfunctional catheters failed to respond to therapy. Six-, 12- and 24-month survival was 87%, 81%, and 20%, respectively, for catheters without dysfunction, and 71%, 47.5%, and 12%, respectively, for catheters with dysfunction. Conclusion. Tissue plasminogen activator dosing is noninvasive, efficient, and safe in reestablishing blood flow rate through dysfunctional catheters, thus prolonging catheters life and sparing patients from additional vascular procedures.
Hysteroscopy - history and development
Authors: Rudic-Biljic-Erski Ivana , Vasiljevic Mladenko , Rakic Snezana , Mihajlovic Sladjana , Dzatic-Smiljkovic Olivera , Biljic-Erski Aleksandar
Published: January 2019

Hysteroscopy is the gold standard for diagnosing and managing endocervical and endometrial pathology. The development of today?s hysteroscopy begins in the early 19th century. Initially, hysteroscopy was used solely for diagnostics. Operative hysteroscopy surfaced with the development of distension media, the hysteroscope, and its associated instruments. Operative hysteroscopy underwent the most significant development in the early 1970s, when new hysteroscopes were introduced, and the distension media became more widely used. A multitude of hysteroscopic procedures are performed with the common goal of removing pathological changes in the endometrial cavity. In the 1980s, small cameras, also known as ?chip? cameras, were developed, leading to the transition of endoscopy into videoendoscopy. Bettocchi revolutionized modern hysteroscopy in 1996 when he used the first operative office hysteroscope. Operative resectoscopes, containing monopolar and bipolar energy, were also constructed. Hysteroscopic morcellators have been in use since the beginning of the 21st century. Today?s modern hysteroscopy represents a safe diagnostic and operative endoscopy.
Who's in Control of the Ark? A Study of Internal Controls in Operating and Auditing A Small Preschool
Authors: Grace Elizabeth V. , Davis Ashley
Published: January 2019

This instructional case encourages analytical thinking about internal controls in both the operations and audit of a small, not-for-profit organization. Students examine a control environment characterized by unauthorized expenditures, lack of documentation, and missing documents. Using the COSO (2013) framework, students demonstrate understanding of business processes as they identify internal control risks and deficiencies, and recommend control improvements. Auditing students additionally apply management assertions about financial transactions and assess auditor independence. Students gain practical experience in developing flowcharts of accounting processes and writing a management letter for a familiar organization: a preschool.
Integration in Latin America: centripetal and centrifugal trends
Authors: Yakovlev Petr P.
Published: January 2019

Latin American countries were the first in the developing world on the path of economic integration. In the region, back in the early 1960’s were created the integration groupings, with the aim of strengthening trade ties between the neighboring States and their position in the world economy. As a result, the integration process has been going on for about six decades, transforming the economies of Latin America. Integration largely determines the main vectors of development of foreign trade relations, affects the direction of cross-border investment flows, strengthens corporate relationships and the emergence of various forms of production cooperation, stimulates scientific and technological cooperation, “pushes” the countries of the region towards closer political interaction. At the same time Latin American integration appears a complex and contradictory phenomenon, its history has known periods of high activity and long pauses, reversals, attempts by individual States to revise the rules of the game, receive unilateral benefits. In recent years, the integration process in Latin America acquires new features and characteristics, increasing its importance for the social and economic future of the region.
Respiratory Insufficiency Scale Validity in Patients with Acute Neural Lesion
Authors: Nazarenko M. B. , Kiselyov K. V. , Shchedrina E. I. , Kalmykov A. B. , Kruglyakov N. M. , Parinov O. V. , Udalov Y. D. , Zabelin M. V. , Samoylov A. S. , Popugayev K. A.
Published: January 2019

The aim of study: to investigate validity of respiratory insufficiency scale (RIS) in patients with acute lesions of nervous system.

Material and methods. The prospective observational study included neurocritical care patients (n=179), admitted to the resuscitation and intensive care unit with independent breathing and RIS score 1 and higher. Patients were assessed according to RIS every 12 hours during the the period of RICU stay until the beginning of artificial lung ventilation or transfer to a specialized department. The RIS score did not influence the physician's decision upon intubation. The treatment was performed in accordance with national and international recommendations.

Depending on the tracheal intubation and ALV, patients were divided into 3 groups. Group I (n=65): 0% tracheal intubation and ALV; Group II (n =54): 42,6% cases of intubation and ALV; Group III (n=60): 100% patients requiring intubation and ALV.

The statistical analysis was performed using Shapiro—Wilk test, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal—Wallis test, Chi-squared test. The ROC analysis was carried out to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the RIS scale.

Results. Patients with RIS score 1 — 2 did not require intubation and ALV. Patients with RIS 5 or more required urgent intubation and ALV. In patients with RIS score 3—4 the need for intubation and ALV was unpredictable. If RIS score 4 was sustainig during several hours, or if increased from 3 to 4, a patient required intubation and initiation of ALV.

Conclusion. RIS helps objectify indications for intubation and ALV in patients with acute neural lesions.
PENERAPAN METODE ROLEPLAYING DALAM PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN GERAK SHALAT ANAK TK AL-LATIF KECAMATAN TAMBANG KABUPATEN KAMPAR
Authors: Joni J.
Published: January 2019

Peneliti melihat bahwa pembelajaran gerak shalat belum begitu menjadi perhatian serius oleh para pengajar TK Al-Latif, Kecamatan Tambang, Kabupaten Kampar sehingga ketuntasan belajar belum tercapai, sementara itu pembelajaran shalat pertama adalah pembelajaran gerak shalat bukan pembelajaran bacaan, hakekat metode role playing terletak pada keterlibatan emosional pemeran dan pengamat dalam situasi masalah yang secara nyata dihadapi melalui bermain peran, masih menurut Mulyasa, E, terdapat empat asumsi yang mendasari pembelajaran bermain peran untuk mengembangkan perilaku dan nilai-nilai sosial, yang kedudukannya sejajar dengan model-model mengajar lainnya Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen model desain control group pre-test-post-test (Arikunto, S 2006:86). Model tersebut bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan membandingkan data hasil nilai sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan pada subjek yang sama. Di dalam desain ini observasi dilakukan sebanyak 2 kali yaitu sebelum eksperimen dan sesudah eksperimen. Observasi yang dilakukan sebelum eksperimen (O1) disebut pre-test, dan observasi sesudah eksperimen (O2) disebut post-test. Penelitian dilakukan dengan dua kelompok sampel yaitu kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Hasil uji secara statistik terhadap keterampilan shalat  dengan metode role playing pada anak TK saat pretest dengan posttest menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (p-value =0,000 < 0,05). Hasil pengujian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perubahan yang signifikan pada keterampilan shalat  dengan metode role playing pada anak TK setelah mendapat perlakuan. Terdapat perubahan yang signifikan pada keterampilan melakukan gerak shalat melalui metode role playing, sehingga metode ini dapat digunakan dalam keterampilan melakukan gerak shalat di TK Al-latif Kecamatan Tambang adapun Permasalahan yang ditemukan  Guru TK masih kaku dan mengalami kecanggungan dalam menerapkan metode role playing, siswa belum dapat memahami instruksi guru dengan benar dalam peran yang akan dimainkan oleh anak. Adapun yang menjadi rekomendasi sebagai berikut: Kepada Guru TK, bahwa dalam penerapan metode role playing harus melaksanakan semua tahapan penerapan sehingga akan memudahkan guru dalam mencapai tujuan pembelajarannya, terutama dalam keterampilan melakukan gerak shalat
STUDI KASUS WANITA BEKERJA MENJELANG MASA MELAHIRKAN
Authors: Adiyanti Adiyanti , Nanda Nanda
Published: January 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menggali informasi yang berasal dari subjek dengan kriteria wanita bekerja yang sedang memasuki masa kehamilan denngan usia di atas 30 minggu. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah Wanita yang masih aktif bekerja atau tidak mengambil cuti hamil minimal 1,5 bulan sebelum tanggal persalinan yang ditentukan oleh dokter, dengan menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi untuk mengkaji bagaimana kehamilan dapat mempengaruhi produktivitas pada wanita yang bekerja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari enam subjek yang telah diwawancarai menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada kendala yang berarti dalam bekerja pada saat mereka mendekati masa kelahiran sekalipun. Para subjek mengungkapkan bahwa dukungan lingkungan penting dalam menjalani kehidupan kantor. Latar pendidikan subjek juga turut berpengaruh dalam memotivasi subjek tetap bekerja menjelang persalinan.
KONTROL SOSIAL PADA REMAJA YANG MENGAKSES CYBERSEX
Authors: Anggreiny Nila , Sarry Septi Mayang
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran deskriptif mengenai kontrol sosial pada remaja yang mengakses cybersex serta gambaran perilaku cybersex di kota Padang. Subjek pada penelitian ini berjumlah 496 orang remaja. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan kriteria remaja yang memang sudah pernah mengakses cybersex. Instrumen penelitian mengunakan kuesioner kontrol sosial dan skala cybersex. Selanjutnya, sampel penelitian yang sudah dianalisis, sebanyak 26 remaja yang masuk ke kategori beresiko dan beresiko tinggi akan melakukan Focus Group Discussion (FGD) untuk memperdalam hasil penelitian. Secara umum, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gambaran cybersex pada remaja di Kota Padang termasuk kategori beresiko. Berdasarkan aspek kontrol sosial yang muncul pada remaja mengakses cybersex di kota Padang, mereka memiliki kedekatan dengan orang lain di sekitar mereka namun tidak mencapai kelekatan (attachment). Pada umumnya, remaja yang masuk kategori beresiko ini menolak peraturan, sering melanggar dan tidak jera dengan adanya hukuman dari guru dan orang tua.
PELATIHAN PENDIDIKAN SEKSUAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN TENTANG SEKSUALITAS ANAK PADA GURU DI KAB. TANAH DATAR
Authors: Ningsih Yuninda Tria
Published: January 2019

Pelatihan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan tentang seksualitas anak kepada guru SD diKab. Tanah Datar. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran menggunakan uji t diketahui bahwa ada peningkatan pengetahuan guru tentang pendidikan seksual sebelum dan sesuah dilakukan pelatihan. Artinya, pelatihan pendidikan seksual mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan guru tentang pendidikan seksual untuk anak. Sebelumnya, peserta tidak memahami apa itu pendidikan seksual. Ketidaktahuan ini terlihat dari jawaban atas pertanyaan narasumber yang belum tepat seperti kata “seks” masih dianggap negatif, alat kelamin tidak diberi nama sesuai nama yang sebenarnya, dan keputusan guru memisahkan siswa laki-laki dan perempuan saat menyampaikan informasi tentang alat reproduksi serta mengajarkan pendidikan seksual kepada siswa adalah sesuatu yang tabu. Namun setelah diberikan pengetahuan tentang pendidikan seksual, guru-guru mengubah pandangan mereka yang selama ini belum tepat dan pengetahuan mereka tentang seksualitas anak menjadi meningkat sehingga guru mau untuk mengajarkan pendidikan seksual terhadap anak.
Técnicas de inteligencia artificial utilizadas en el procesamiento de imágenes y su aplicación en el análisis de pavimentos
Authors: Reyes Ortiz Oscar Javier , Mejia Marcela , Useche Castelblanco Juan Sebastian
Published: January 2019

Debido al incremento en los costos de mantenimiento, rehabilitación y construcción de vías, estudiar las estructuras de pavimento para determinar su comportamiento y sus características mecánicas propias analizando la distribución y posición de sus partículas, se ha vuelto un campo de gran importancia en la ingeniería. Las nuevas herramientas de análisis buscan hacer este estudio más eficiente reduciendo su costo y tiempo de ejecución mediante el procesamiento digital de imágenes. El procesamiento digital tradicional está limitado en su sensibilidad ante perturbaciones externas que puedan modificar la imagen, por eso se han implementado diferentes técnicas de inteligencia artificial (IA) para optimizar los algoritmos. Este trabajo presenta una revisión de las diferentes aplicaciones de técnicas de IA recientes en el procesamiento de  imágenes. Después se revisan los trabajos realizados específicamente con imágenes de pavimentos y se proponen posibles aplicaciones para implementar en este campo con inteligencia artificial
WACANA KESETARAAN GENDER DALAM AL-QUR'AN DAN HADIS MENURUT HUSEIN MUHAMMAD
Authors: Rabiatun Andi
Published: January 2019

The thought of Husein Muhammad regarding the teachings of Islam in society still raises many questions in the world of Qurâ€™anic study and Hadith, especially his thoughts on the relation between men and women known as gender equality. As a person who wrestles in the world of pesantren, this gender deviation takes place because of the perspective of societys influenced by religious doctrines, in this classical Islamic literature is considered biased toward women. The mainstream interpretation by the classical scholars is still believed by the majority of Muslim societies to this day, still placing men as superior beings against women. This perspective is clearly contrary to the ideals of the Qurâ€™an itself, namely equality and freedom to determine lifeâ€™s choices without any threat and violence or coercion from anyone. The interpretation that is considered biased towards women, caused by mistakes in interpreting religious texts, does not occur because of the inability to interpret a text, but because of the sociocultural influence on the interpreter in which they live, involved in interpreting the texts . Not only that, the taking of traditions of the Prophet as explanation and advocate of opinion of scholars sometimes not known the quality, not shahih, maudhu â€˜even daiâ€™f. Huseinâ€™s ideas are different from other Islamic feminists. The peculiarity of Huseinâ€™s ideas in carrying the discourse of Islam and gender is the depth of Islamic classical literature in analyzing or counterarging arguments against gender inequalities in societies rarely shared by other feminists. It is considered necessary to know how Husein Muhammad reinterpreted verses of the Qurâ€™an that were considered biased against women. Though his thoughts were widely opposed by the â€˜ulama, Husein has given so much to the idea of defending and liberating women from oppression.
MEMBANGUN PREFERENSI MERER MELALUI PEMAHAMAN TERHADAP KEPRIBADIAN KONSUMEN
Authors: . Indraini
Published: January 2019

Consumer brand preference related to many factors which one is consumer personality. Under consumer behavior studies, personality means personel characteristic which determines and reflects how someone's respons to the environments. Personality theory which relevant to study the consumer behaviour are Freudian Theory, Neo Freudian Theory, and Trait Theory.A consumer tend to choose a specific product or brand which suitable which exiting aspects on his/her self personality. Beside that, they prefer to choose product or brand which can be used to enforce personality element for being confidence.The implementation of personality aspects weer focused on market segmenting that classified based on its personality. Market segmenting based on personality approach has advantage value on the product, because according that the company can promote its product based on its consumer personality which can build brand preference. Here, if the company can succesfully build brand preference, it will have impact on sales and consumer's loyalty.
The specific nature of ideological influence on power functioning in modern Russia
Authors:   Zernograd branch of  Don State Agrarian University, Glushko Irina Vasilyevna , Zueva Tatyana Mikhailovna ,   Zernograd branch of  Don State Agrarian University
Published: January 2019

The paper considers the development paths of modern political ideologies in Russia, their continui-ty and relationship with the USSR ideology, the role of the state in the creation of the ideological com-ponent of public policy. The study demonstrates the specific nature of power in modern Russian reality. It substantiates the functions of political ideology and its levels and divides into periods the evolution of the ideological situation in post-Soviet Russia. Pat-riotism is characterized as one possible reason for a new ideology. The research identifies that the mod-ern development path of political ideology is situa-tional (it is largely determined by both foreign and domestic political moment) and hybrid in nature (it combines the elements of social conservative or neo-conservative and liberal ideologies). The au-thors conclude that new political ideology should determine ideological cores and guidelines articulat-ed with the moral, historical, religious, legal and other social moral values attractive to all generations and social strata.
Reforms of state institutions in Poland: a conflict aspect
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Smal Svetlana Vladimirovna , Pashkovsky Evgeny Aleksandrovich ,   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia
Published: January 2019

The paper deals with the political process in Poland. There have been major changes in both domestic and foreign policy of the country after the 2015 elec-tion resulting in the consolidation of power and political institutions by the representatives of the Law and Justice party. This situation can be regard-ed as a crisis which is confirmed by the unified theo-ry of conflict analysis by V.A. Svetlov. The authors designed two digraphs reflecting the relationship of Polish authorities, opposition groups with the ex-ternal actors after coming to power and conducting political reforms by the Law and Justice party. These digraphs illustrate the difference in the conflict from the system and ordinary perspective. Further devel-opment and resolution of system conflict are antag-onistic; however, the system becomes sustainable, retains and enhances its integrity and multiple varia-tions of its development.
Provisional application of treaties as a legal means of promoting national interests of states (problem statement)
Authors:   Moscow University  for Industry and Finance Synergy, Lapshin Ivan Sergeevich , Shushaniya Shorena Semenovna ,   Moscow University  for Industry and Finance Synergy
Published: January 2019

The study discusses the need for provisional appli-cation of treaties. The institution of provisional ap-plication of treaties is analyzed in the context of promoting national interests of states. This phe-nomenon is considered as an outcome of such technique as a legal fiction. The correlation between the provisional application of treaties and the related concepts is analyzed. The authors justify the pro-posal to introduce a prior constitutional control as an obligatory stage of making decisions about the feasibility of the provisional application of treaties in the Russian Federation. The research demonstrates the need to develop a mechanism for preparing and reviewing the proposal for provisional application of a treaty that will exclude the provisional application of a treaty contradicting national interests and (or) the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
Design of kinesiological constructs for higher education female students within the elective course on Physical Education
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg  Polytechnic University, Vengerova Natalia Nikolaevna , Kudashova Lyudmila Timofeevna ,   St. Petersburg State  University of Economics
Published: January 2019

The study deals with the possibility of developing an individual physical activity plan for girls aged 17–18 in order to improve the effectiveness of kinesiological constructs within the elective course on Physical Education and Sports in higher education institutions. When this category of students performs basic exercises of physical training, it is advisable to use pulse rate and energy expenditure measurement techniques to develop kinesiological programs aimed at improving the level of students’ physical fitness and somatic health. The constructs developed should be used during the course on Physical Education and individual physical exercises. They encourage girls to lead healthy lifestyles, increase mobility, develop value and motivational needs for sports, and successfully generate the appropriate skills.
Career guidance practices of federal universities
Authors:   North-Eastern Federal University, Panina Svetlana Viktorovna
Published: January 2019

Career guidance of federal universities is regarded in the paper as an agent of development in Russian regions from the perspective of system, resource, competency-based, information, and management approaches. The management component of career guidance at federal universities is demonstrated through the specific nature of the management bodies in this regard (department, center, service, pre-university education department). Traditional pre-university training models (skills contests, competitions, conferences, schools) are described. New formats of career guidance at universities (online webinars, virtual skills contests, festivals, virtual classrooms, vocational guidance quest games) are presented. They are created to meet modern challenges and demands of digital education and labor market, the requirements of the social and economic development of Russian regions. The study reveals the contradictions of modern career guidance and ways to resolve them.
Social functions of imam in the modern Russian Islamic society (by a case study of Muslims in the Republic of Bashkortostan)
Authors:   Russian Islamic University of  the Central Spiritual Muslim Board of Russia, Mavlikasov Aibulat Khaidarovich , Nuriaslyamov Rinat Nakibovich ,   Russian Islamic University of  the Central Spiritual Muslim Board of Russia
Published: January 2019

The study describes the main qualities of imam, an Islamic religious leader, required for his successful activities. The research defines the social functions of imam in the Russian Muslim society by a case study of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The major social functions of imam include holding religious rites, spiritual activities as a psychologist, preacher, and prayer, educating and controlling functions, organizational and social work with people, preserving and maintaining traditions of mutual respect and tolerance. The paper considers certain factors that have an adverse impact on imam preaching (the lack of religious knowledge, negligence). The authors believe that imam plays a special role in promoting interfaith harmony in Russia in general and the Republic of Bashkortostan in particular, improving religious education of the population, and resolving conflicts between people.
KLARISSENBILDUNG IN UNGARN DER BAROCKZEIT
Authors: BAJÁKI Rita
Published: January 2019

Education of the Poor Clares in Hungary during the Baroque period. Éva Franciska Csáky (1662–1729) entered the Order of Saint Claire in 1669, and she got into the Bratislava convent. Later she played a very important role in the life of Clarissa nuns as an abbatissa. After leaving Bratislava, she organized and led the order’s settling in Buda and Pest. Her literary work is also remarkable; her translations in manuscript form give us a picture of the erudition of the Clarissa nuns as well as everyday life in their convents. This paper presents the education of Poor Clare novices in the Baroque period based on Éva Franciska Csáky’s works.
COLLEGIALITÀ E SINODALITÀ: SINTESI TEOLOGICO-STORICA POST CONCILIO VATICANO II
Authors: BEJAN-PISER Ciprian
Published: January 2019

Collegiality and Synodality: theological-historical synthesis after the Second Vatican Council. The theme of the synodality of the Church and, within it, the concept of synod includes a rather vast picture of the period of the Middle Ages and of the Modern Age. Consequently, a more detailed historical-theological treatment would be necessary to link the synodality of the ancient Church to the ecclesiology of communion of the Second Vatican Ecumenical Council. Today, in the twenty-first century, perhaps too often we hear different opinions, even from some ecclesiastical authorities, about how the Church should be, the role of the single Bishop in the local Church or the competence of the Roman Pontiff over the whole Church, perhaps forgetting that the Church is of Christ and that it is He who determines how it should be and what the role and competence of each one of them is. It is therefore necessary to try to better understand the meaning of some terms such as: Church, communion, „collegiality”, synod, synodality, college and collegiality in the light of the Holy Scriptures, Tradition and the Magisterium, in our case referring to the post-conciliar period. A good understanding would help us to live better the reality given by Christ and that is Him and the faith in the One and Triune God who unites us in a single Body that is the Church.
GRUNDRISS DER TRINITARISCHEN COMMUNIO-EKKLESIOLOGIE: DIE KIRCHE ALS SAKRAMENT DER COMMUNIO GOTTES
Authors: VIK János
Published: January 2019

A floor plan of the trinitarian communion ecclesiology: the Church as the sacrament of communion with God. This essay sets itself the task to critically present a layout of the Second Vatican Council’s definition of the Church that understands the Church as the community of believers and the sacrament of communion with God, as well as states the essential relationship of the Church to the triune God. In this sense, the Church understands herself as the ultimate goal of creation, the ultimate fulfillment of God’s – the Father’s – will of salvation. The relationship of the Church to Jesus Christ is constitutive, insofar as the Church on the one hand comes entirely from Christ and is constantly related to him, and on the other hand the Church differs from him. The saving action of God in the ministry of Jesus Christ is enlivened and accomplished by the Holy Spirit. This makes the Church the sacrament of salvation by the Holy Spirit.
DUKUNGAN INSTRUMENTAL KELUARGA BAGI ANAK DENGAN DISABILITAS TUNA DAKSA
Authors: Nandang Mulyana , Chrisnalia Silalahi Ria Agnes , Nurwati Nunung
Published: January 2019

ABSTRAK Kajian ini mempunyai tujuan untuk mengetahui, memahami dan mendeskripsikan setiap bentuk pemberian dukungan instrumental keluarga bagi anak penyandang disabilitas tunadaksa yang diberikan oleh keluarga.Metode penelitian yang digunakan kajian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualtatif. Teknik penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah Wawancara mendalam, Observasi   non-partisipasi   dan   Studi   dokumentasi.   Teknik   analisis   data   yang digunakan  adalah  Reduksi  data,  Kategorisasi  data  dan  Penarikan  kesimpulan. Informan utama dalam penelitian ini berjumlah enam orang yang terdiri dari orang tua dan anak penyandang disabilitas tunadaksa.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa keluarga sebagai orang terdekat memiliki peran yang besar untuk memberikan aspek-aspek dari dukungan instrumental bagi anak dengan disabilitas tunadaksa. Secara umum memang kebutuhan dukungan instrument keluarga bagi anak dengan disabilitas tunadaksa sudah terpenuhi. Akan tetapi masih ditemukan beberapa dukungan Instrumental keluarga yang belum maksimal dalam pemberian dukunganya. ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to find out, understand and describe every form of providing  instrumental support family for children with physical disabilities.. The research method used in this study is descriptive qualitative research method. The research technique used is descriptive study. Data collection techniques used were in- depth interviews, non-participation observations and documentation studies. Data analysis  techniques  used  are  data  reduction,  data  categorization  and  conclusion drawing. The main informants in this study amounted to six people consisting of parents and children with physical disabilities. The results showed that the family as the closest person had a big role to provide aspects of  social  support  which  had  an  impact  on  individual  resilience  of  children  with disabilities, in general indeed the need for four aspects of social support for children with physical disabilities was fulfilled. but there are still some social support that has not been maximized in the provision of support.