bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Varieties and Variable Rates of Potassium Fertilizer on Yield and Yield-Related Traits at Areka, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Loha Gobeze , Silas Merkineh , Gidago Gifole
Published: February 2023

Yield and yield components of common bean varieties reacted differently in response to variable levels of potassium (K) fertilization under different growing areas. Hence, it is necessary to integrate varieties with optimum K rates in order to maximize bean yield. On the other hand, insufficient K supply has a negative influence on stomata’s functionality, delaying stomatal closure and leaving pores partially closed. Thus, it is essential to find high-yielding varieties with balanced K fertilization. To evaluate common bean varieties at various K rates, a field experiment was carried out during the 2019/20 cropping seasons at the Areka Agricultural Research Center Experimental Field in Southern Ethiopia. Treatments consisted of three common bean varieties (SER 119, SAB 736, and Awassa Dume) and five K rates (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 kg/ha K2O) combined in factorial and laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The phenological, growth, yield components, and yield of common bean varieties reacted differently to the varieties, K rates, and their interactions. Parameters such as branches per plant, leaf area, LAI, pods per plant, biomass, and grain yield were significantly affected by varieties, K rates, and their interactions. Conversely, plant height, seeds per pod, and HI were significantly affected only by the main effects of varieties and K fertilizer rates. This investigation indicated that variety SER 119 exhibited superior performance over others with the highest grain yield at K rate of 40 kg/ha. Hence, variety SER 119 at K rate of 40 kg/ha could be used for production in the study area and similar agroecologies.
Sustainable Development and Saudi Vision 2030: Entrepreneurial Orientation of Students Toward E-Businesses and Proposed Model of “Virtual Business Incubator” for SEU
Authors: Ahmad Alam , Albarrak Mansour Saleh , Akhtar Samreen , Akram Hafiz Wasim
Published: February 2023

This study aims to explore Saudi students’ entrepreneurial orientation (EO) toward e-businesses in the line of achieving the strategic objectives of Saudi Vision 2030. Saudi Vision 2030 (hereafter, Vision 2030) is a strategic framework to attain the sustainable development of Saudi Arabia. It was first announced by Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman in April 2016. Authors have proposed a Saudi Vision Linkages Model to show the role and importance of university education (UE) and entrepreneurial culture in fulfilling the specific requirements of the Saudi labor market to attain the ultimate strategic objectives of Vision 2030. The authors also proposed a conceptual model of the study to depict the relationships of EO with their entrepreneurial intention toward online businesses (e-EI). The study used a multidimensional model of the EO where three subdimensions, namely risk-taking propensities (RTP), innovativeness (INV), and pro-activeness (P-ACT), are used. The conceptual model of the study also shows UE and gender (GEN) as moderating variables. The authors used convenience sampling to collect cross-sectional data and conducted an online survey among the students at Saudi Electronic University (SEU) using a 5-point Likert-type scale to collect the data through a questionnaire, observing a total of 17 items and 408 filled questionnaires were received. Authors proposed six hypotheses where four hypotheses build the direct relations, namely, RTP (H1), INV (H2), P-ACT (H3), and UE (H4) with e-EI and hypotheses H5 and H6 are further divided into the subhypotheses, respectively, in H5a, H5b, H5c and H6a, H6b, H6c to show the moderating effect of UE (H5) and GEN (H6). SmartPLS 4.0 software is used to apply structural equation modeling for the analysis of data. Reliability, composite validity, discriminant validity, and model-fit indices of the measurement model are assessed before running a bootstrapping to measure the significance and standardized β estimates of the paths of hypotheses (structural model analysis). After analyzing the results, in the suggestions section, the authors have suggested that the university build a university business incubator for the students to promote entrepreneurial activities on all the campuses with a head office in the Riyadh campus.
Modeling and Investigation of the Velocity-Dependent Cutting Process with PDC Cutters Using the Discrete Element Method
Authors: Fu Zhiyi , Ostermeyer Georg-Peter , Kueck Armin , Schiefer Frank , Reckmann Hanno , Huang Xu , Bomidi John
Published: February 2023

Polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) bits with multiple fixed cutters drill through deep formations and are used in oil and gas, geothermal, and mining industry. The bit-rock interaction excites drill string vibrations, which need to be mitigated to improve drilling performance. A velocity-weakening characteristic of the bit torque can cause severe self-excited high-frequency torsional oscillations (HFTO) of the bottom hole assembly (BHA). The dependency on velocity can be attributed to rate-sensitive rock cutting forces at each cutter. The purpose of this paper is to model the rate effect of cutting forces and determine influencing factors in the single-PDC cutting process. In this paper, a modified bonded-particle model (discrete element method, DEM) for rock in deep drilling environments is applied to the pressurized cutting process. Potential modification strategies considering rate indicators at different scales are compared and discussed to reproduce rate dependency in the particle contact model. Two specific models, incorporating cutting-speed-dependent bond strength or grain elastoplasticity, are implemented and verified. The relationship between rate-sensitive cutting forces and the causal rock failure mechanisms is then clarified by interpreting the results from a continuum perspective. Moreover, the influences of axial force and cutter wear state on the rate dependency are investigated. In cutting simulations at a constant depth of cut and various cutting speeds, both models result in rate-dependent cutting forces in good qualitative agreement with rock experiments: Significant hardening is reflected in the axial force component. The modification of contact models combined with a macroscopic rate indicator (i.e. cutting speed) has proven to be a feasible and effective way to reproduce the rate effects in the cutting simulations. In subsequent simulations with constant axial force, the steady-state tangential force decreases as the cutting speed increases, matching the reduction of torque on the bit with increasing RPM. Rate dependency intensifies at higher axial forces or with dull cutters, which agrees with laboratory full-scale bit tests in the literature. This study proposes a practical approach to integrating observed rate effects of downhole rock cutting processes into numerical rock models. The results enhance our understanding of the rock cutting process and have positive implications for the improvement of the cutter design against undesirable rate effects.
Power Operation Violation Identification Method Based on Point Cloud Data Preprocessing and Deep Learning under the Architecture of IoT
Authors: Yang Shibo , Fu Weiping , Zhang Lishuo , Wang Zhaolei
Published: February 2023

Aiming at the problems of low recognition accuracy and large memory occupation when using point cloud information for power operation violation, A power operation violation recognition method based on point cloud data preprocessing and deep learning under the architecture of Internet of things (IoT) is proposed. First, voxel filtering and statistical filtering methods are used to properly simplify the power operation point cloud data on the premise of ensuring the quality of reverse modeling, and the moving least square method is used to smooth the point cloud to obtain a complete and closed three-dimensional model; second, the process of power operation violation behavior recognition is divided into two stages. In the first stage, PointRCNN extracts the semantic features of each point, separates the front scenic spots, and extracts the preselection box. In the second stage, the candidate box is refined by integrating the semantic features and classification confidence of the first stage to obtain a more accurate bounding box. Finally, the experiments show that the average accuracy of the proposed method is the highest, with an average accuracy of 0.919 in the simple difficulty scenario, 0.897 in the medium difficulty scenario, and 0.839 in the difficult difficulty scenario, which are higher than those of the compared methods. Therefore, the proposed method can effectively improve the accuracy of power operation violation identification.
Developing Nonlinear Customer Preferences Models for Product Design Using Opining Mining and Multiobjective PSO‐Based ANFIS Approach
Authors: Jiang Huimin , Sabetzadeh Farzad , Chan Kit Yan
Published: February 2023

Online customer reviews can clearly show the customer experience, and the improvement suggestions based on the experience, which are helpful to product optimization and design. However, the research on establishing a customer preference model based on online customer reviews is not ideal, and the following research problems are found in previous studies. Firstly, the product attribute is not involved in the modelling if the corresponding setting cannot be found in the product description. Secondly, the fuzziness of customers’ emotions in online reviews and nonlinearity in the models were not appropriately considered. Thirdly, the adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is an effective way to model customer preferences. However, if the number of inputs is large, the modelling process will be failed due to the complex structure and long computational time. To solve the above‐given problems, this paper proposed multiobjective particle swarm optimization (PSO) based ANFIS and opinion mining, to build customer preference model by analyzing the content of online customer reviews. In the process of online review analysis, the opinion mining technology is used to conduct comprehensive analysis on customer preference and product information. According to the analysis of information, a new method for establishing customer preference model is proposed, that is, a multiobjective PSO based ANFIS. The results show that the introducing of multiobjective PSO method into ANFIS can effectively solve the defects of ANFIS itself. Taking hair dryer as a case study, it is found that the proposed approach performs better than fuzzy regression, fuzzy least‐squares regression, and genetic programming based fuzzy regression in modelling customer preference.
The Efficacy of Focused Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy and Ultrasound Therapy in the Treatment of Calcar Calcanei: A Randomized Study
Authors: Topalović Ivana , Nešić Dejan , Mitrović Sindi , Jerković Vera Miler , Konstantinović Ljubica
Published: February 2023

The prospective, simple randomized study assesses the effect of focused extracorporeal shock wave therapy (f‐ESWT) on pain intensity and calcification size compared to the application of ultrasound physical therapy in treating patients with calcar calcanei. A total of 124 patients diagnosed with calcar calcanei were consecutively included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups: the experimental group (n = 62), which included the patients treated with f‐ECWT, and the control group (n = 62), consisting of patients treated with the standard ultrasound therapy method. The experimental group’s patients received ten therapy applications spaced seven days apart. The patients in the control group had ten ultrasound treatments on ten consecutive days over two weeks. All patients in both groups were tested using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) to measure pain intensity before the beginning and at the end of treatment. The size of the calcification was assessed in all patients. The study hypothesizes that f‐ESWT reduces the pain and the size of the calcification. Pain intensity reduction was registered in all patients. The calcification size in patients in the experimental group was reduced from the initial range of 2 mm–15 mm, to a content of 0.0 mm–6.2 mm. The calcification size in the control group ranged from 1.2 to 7.5 mm, without any change. None of the patients experienced any adverse reactions to the therapy. Patients treated with standard ultrasound therapy did not have a statistically significant reduction in the calcification size. In contrast, the patients in the experimental group treated with f‐ESWT showed a substantial decrease in the calcification size.
AKT Blocks SIK1-Mediated Repression of STAT3 to Promote Breast Tumorigenesis
Authors: Sun Zicheng , Jiang Qiwei , Gao Bing , Zhang Xiaomei , Bu Lang , Wang Lei , Lin Ying , Xie Wei , Li Jie , Guo Jianping
Published: February 2023

The PI3K–AKT signaling pathway is frequently dysregulated in cancer, and it is hyperactivated in approximately 50% of breast cancers. Although inhibitors directly targeting the PI3K–AKT axis have been developed, clinical efficacy has been limited to only a subset of patients. Identification of mechanisms underlying AKT-driven tumorigenesis could lead to alternative approaches to block pathway signaling and suppress breast tumor growth. Mass spectrometry–based analyses demonstrated that salt-inducible kinase 1 (SIK1) binds AKT and undergoes AKT-mediated phosphorylation, which compromises SIK1 tumor-suppressive functions. As a result, AKT relieved the binding and repression of STAT3 by SIK1 in a phosphorylation-dependent manner, resulting in breast cell tumorigenesis. Following AKT-mediated phosphorylation, SIK1 interacted with 14-3-3 and was translocated to the cytoplasm where the isomerase Pin1 facilitated SIK1 interaction with the E3 ligase ITCH to promote SIK1 ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These findings indicate that SIK1 is a substrate of AKT that links AKT oncogenic function to STAT3 activation, highlighting targeting of the JAK2–STAT3 axis as a strategy to treat AKT-driven breast cancer.

Significance:

AKT binds and phosphorylates SIK1 to overcome SIK1-mediated repression of STAT3, indicating that STAT3 is a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer with hyperactive AKT signaling.
Systolic Blood Pressure Is Associated with Increased Brain Amyloid Load in Mild Cognitively Impaired Participants: Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiatives Study
Authors: Fungwe Thomas V. , Ngwa Julius S. , Johnson Steven P. , Turner Jilian V. , Ramirez Ruiz Mara I. , Ogunlana Oludolapo O. , Bedada Fikru B. , Nadarajah Sheeba , Ntekim Oyonumo E. , Obisesan Thomas O.
Published: February 2023

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD), including elevated blood pressure (BP), is known to promote Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk. Although brain amyloid load is a recognized hallmark of pre-symptomatic AD, its relationship to increased BP is less known. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship of BP to brain estimates of amyloid-β (Aβ) and standard uptake ratio (SUVr). We hypothesized that increased BP is associated with increased SUVr. Methods: Using data from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), we stratified BP according to the Seventh Joint National Committee (JNC) on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure Classification (JNC VII). Florbetapir (AV-45) SUVr was derived from the averaged frontal, anterior cingulate, precuneus, and parietal cortex relative to the cerebellum. A linear mixed-effects model enabled the elucidation of amyloid SUVr relationships to BP. The model discounted the effects of demographics, biologics, and diagnosis at baseline within APOE genotype groups. The least squares means procedure was used to estimate the fixed-effect means. All analyses were performed using the Statistical Analysis System (SAS). Results: In non-ɛ4 carrier MCI subjects, escalating JNC categories of BP was associated with increasing mean SUVr using JNC-4 as a reference point (low-normal (JNC1) p = 0.018; normal (JNC-1) p = 0.039; JNC-2 p = 0.018 and JNC-3 p = 0.04). A significantly higher brain SUVr was associated with increasing BP despite adjustment for demographics and biological variables in non-ɛ4 carriers but not in ɛ4-carriers. This observation supports the view that CVD risk may promote increased brain amyloid load, and potentially, amyloid-mediated cognitive decline. Conclusion: Increasing levels of JNC classification of BP is dynamically associated with significant changes in brain amyloid burden in non-ɛ4 carriers but not in ɛ4-carrier MCI subjects. Though not statistically significant, amyloid burden tended to decrease with increasing BP in ɛ4 homozygote, perhaps motivated by increased vascular resistance and the need for higher brain perfusion pressure.
Mutated Transcripts of ZEB2 Do Not Undergo Nonsense-Mediated Decay in Mowat-Wilson Syndrome
Authors: Güleray Lafcı Naz , Karaosmanoglu Beren , Taskiran Ekim Z. , Simsek-Kiper Pelin Ozlem , Utine Gülen Eda
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is an autosomal-dominant complex developmental disorder characterized by distinctive facial appearance, intellectual disability, epilepsy, and various clinically heterogeneous abnormalities reminiscent of neurocristopathies. MWS is caused by haploinsufficiency of ZEB2 due to heterozygous point mutations and copy number variations. Case Presentation: We report on two unrelated affected individuals with novel ZEB2indel mutations, molecularly confirming the diagnosis of MWS. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the comparison of total transcript levels and allele-specific quantitative real-time PCR were also performed and demonstrated that the truncating mutations did not lead to nonsense-mediated decay as expected. Conclusion: ZEB2 encodes a multifunctional pleiotropic protein. Novel mutations in ZEB2 should be reported in order that genotype-phenotype correlations might be established in this clinically heterogeneous syndrome. Further cDNA and protein studies may help elucidate the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms of MWS since nonsense-mediated RNA decay was found to be absent in only a few studies including this study.
Brain Biometry Reveals Impaired Brain Growth in Preterm Neonates with Intraventricular Hemorrhage
Authors: Steiner Mirjam , Schwarz Hannah , Kasprian Gregor , Rittenschober-Boehm Judith , Schmidbauer Victor , Fuiko Renate , Olischar Monika , Klebermass-Schrehof Katrin , Berger Angelika , Goeral Katharina
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Preterm birth and cerebral hemorrhage have adverse effects on brain development. Alterations in regional brain size on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be assessed using 2D biometrical analysis, an easily applicable technique showing good correlation with 3D brain volumes. Methods: This retrospective study included 74 preterm neonates with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) born <32+0 weeks of gestation between 2011 and 2019. Cerebral MRI was performed at term-equivalent age, and 2D measurement techniques were used for biometrical analysis and compared to normative data of two control groups. Finally, the correlation and association of brain parameters and patterns of impaired brain growth and outcome at 2 and 3 years of age were evaluated. Results: Interhemispheric distance (IHD), the 3rd ventricle, and lateral ventricles presented larger, in contrast, cerebral biparietal width (cBPW), fronto-occipital diameter (FOD), and the length of the corpus callosum were smaller in IVH patients compared to respective controls. The strongest correlations with outcome were observed for the parameters FOD, anteroposterior diameter of the vermis, transverse cerebellar diameter (tCD), corpus callosum, 3rd ventricle, and left ventricular index. Patients with the small FOD, small BPW, and increased IHD pattern reached overall lower outcome scores at follow-up. Discussion: Preterm neonates with IVH showed reduced total brain sizes and enlarged pericerebral spaces compared to neurologically healthy controls. Biometric analysis revealed that several 2D brain parameters as well as different patterns of impaired brain growth were associated with neurodevelopmental impairment in early childhood. These findings may support prediction of long-term outcome and parental counseling in patients with IVH.
Capsule Endoscopy-Based Diagnosis of Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Associated with Abdominal Pain and Metastasis to Small Intestine: A Case Report
Authors: Zhong Yihua , Tang Xianjun , Deng Bowen
Published: February 2023

Gastrointestinal metastases of lung cancer are relatively uncommon, yet occur at a higher frequency than would be expected among patients that exhibit a longer survival interval. Metastases that arise in the small intestines are often associated with no or few symptoms such that their early diagnosis can be challenging. In this report, we describe an extremely rare case of a lung squamous cell carcinoma that had metastasized to the small intestine and was associated with symptoms of abdominal pain. The patient underwent capsule endoscopy which detected an irregular mass in the distal ileum that was hemorrhagic, after which laparoscopic ileal resection and anastomosis in parallel with partial bladder resection were performed. Subsequent pathological biopsy confirmed that the intestinal mass was consistent with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. With surgery and subsequent maintenance therapy with targeted drugs, the survival of the patient was more than 6 months. As a noninvasive testing strategy, capsule endoscopy can be easily performed to support etiological diagnostic efforts in cases where other diagnostic options are lacking. Early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention can contribute to better prognostic outcomes for GMLC patients.
Visual Acuity and Visual Field Changes in Patients with End-Stage PACG with Tubular Visual Field after Cataract Surgery
Authors: Hu Tian , Xu Lingjuan , Chen Xuhui , Liu Binbin , Zhang Hong
Published: February 2023

Introduction: To investigate the impact of cataract surgery on visual acuity and visual field (VF) in patients with end-stage glaucoma with tubular VF, and assess the risk of severe visual impairment. Methods: Retrospective analysis of the case data of patients with end-stage glaucoma with tubular VF who underwent cataract surgery in our hospital in the past 7 years. Results: A total of 59 patients with 63 eyes were enrolled, 62 eyes were primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and 1 eye was primary open-angle glaucoma. The last follow-up time was an average of 9 months, and no cases of severe vision loss occurred. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved significantly after surgery (0.57 ± 0.46 vs. 0.45 ± 0.43 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution, p < 0.01), and there was a significant drop in intraocular pressure (IOP; 22.85 ± 9.7 vs. 16.07 ± 3.38, p < 0.01), a reduced number of glaucoma medications (2 ± 1.32 vs. 0.5 ± 1, p < 0.01), statistical improvement in VF index (VFI) and mean defect (MD) (12.3% ± 7.65% vs. 16.1% ± 9.84%, p < 0.01; −29.09 ± 2.16 vs. −28.31 ± 3.01, p < 0.01) after surgery. The higher the preoperative VFI and MD were, the better the postoperative BCVA (r = −0.387, r = −0.347, respectively). The degree of postoperative VFI improvement was significantly correlated with preoperative MD (r = 0.372, p < 0.01). During the follow-up period, 5 eyes (8%) underwent anti-glaucoma surgery due to elevated IOP. Conclusion: Cataract surgery can significantly improve visual acuity and VF in patients with end-stage PACG with tubular VF, and no patients have severe visual impairment. The less preoperative VF damage there is, the greater the postoperative visual acuity and VF improvement. Poor IOP control is the main cause of further damage to postoperative visual acuity and VF.
Recurrences of Atrial Fibrillation Despite Durable Pulmonary Vein Isolation: The PARTY-PVI Study
Authors: Benali Karim , Barré Valentin , Hermida Alexis , Galand Vincent , Milhem Antoine , Philibert Séverine , Boveda Serge , Bars Clément , Anselme Frédéric , Maille Baptiste , André Clémentine , Behaghel Albin , Moubarak Ghassan , Clémenty Nicolas , Da Costa Antoine , Arnaud Marine , Venier Sandrine , Sebag Frédéric , Jésel-Morel Laurence , Sagnard Audrey , Champ-Rigot Laure , Dang Duc , Guy-Moyat Benoit , Abbey Selim , Garcia Rodrigue , Césari Olivier , Badenco Nicolas , Lepillier Antoine , Ninni Sandro , Boulé Stéphane , Maury Philippe , Algalarrondo Vincent , Bakouboula Babé , Mansourati Jacques , Lesaffre François , Lagrange Philippe , Bouzeman Abdeslam , Muresan Lucian , Bacquelin Raoul , Bortone Agustin , Bun Sok-Sithikun , Pavin Dominique , Macle Laurent , Martins Raphaël P.
Published: February 2023

Background:

Recurrences of atrial fibrillation (AF) after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) are mainly due to pulmonary vein reconnection. However, a growing number of patients have AF recurrences despite durable PVI. The optimal ablative strategy for these patients is unknown. We analyzed the impact of current ablation strategies in a large multicenter study.

Methods:

Patients undergoing a redo ablation for AF and presenting durable PVI were included. The freedom from atrial arrhythmia after pulmonary vein-based, linear-based, electrogram-based, and trigger-based ablation strategies were compared.

Results:

Between 2010 and 2020, 367 patients (67% men, 63±10 years, 44% paroxysmal) underwent a redo ablation for AF recurrences despite durable PVI at 39 centers. After durable PVI was confirmed, linear-based ablation was performed in 219 (60%) patients, electrogram-based ablation in 168 (45%) patients, trigger-based ablation in 101 (27%) patients, and pulmonary vein-based ablation in 56 (15%) patients. Seven patients (2%) did not undergo any additional ablation during the redo procedure. After 22±19 months of follow-up, 122 (33%) and 159 (43%) patients had a recurrence of atrial arrhythmia at 12 and 24 months, respectively. No significant difference in arrhythmia-free survival was observed between the different ablation strategies. Left atrial dilatation was the only independent factor associated with arrhythmia-free survival (HR, 1.59 [95% CI, 1.13–2.23];
P
=0.006).

Conclusions:

In patients with recurrent AF despite durable PVI, no ablation strategy used alone or in combination during the redo procedure appears to be superior in improving arrhythmia-free survival. Left atrial size is a significant predictor of ablation outcome in this population.
Higher Maternal Cortisol Associated With Lower Blood Pressure in Offspring From 3 Months to 5 Years of Age in the Odense Child Cohort
Authors: Al-Jorani Hajir , Jensen Richard Christian , Jonasson Mikaela T.E. , Birukov Anna , Schmedes Anne Vibeke , Christesen Henrik Thybo , Dreyer Anja F. , Jensen Tina K. , Glintborg Dorte , Jensen Boye L. , Andersen Marianne S.
Published: February 2023

Background:

Synthetic glucocorticoid exposure in late pregnancy may be associated with higher blood pressure in offspring. We hypothesized that endogenous cortisol in pregnancy relates to offspring blood pressure (OBP).

Objective:

To investigate associations between maternal cortisol status in third trimester pregnancy and OBP.

Methods:

We included 1317 mother-child pairs from Odense Child Cohort, an observational prospective cohort. Serum (s-) cortisol and 24-hour urine (u-) cortisol and cortisone were assessed in gestational week 28. Offspring systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were measured at age 3, 18 months, and 3 and 5 years. Associations between maternal cortisol and OBP were examined by mixed effects linear models.

Results:

All significant associations between maternal cortisol and OBP were negative. In boys in pooled analyses, 1 nmol/L increase in maternal s-cortisol was associated with average decrease in systolic blood pressure (β=−0.003 mmHg [95% CI, −0.005 to −0.0003]) and diastolic blood pressure (β=−0.002 mmHg [95% CI, −0.004 to −0.0004]) after adjusting for confounders. At 3 months of age, higher maternal s-cortisol was significantly associated with lower systolic blood pressure (β=−0.01 mmHg [95% CI, −0.01 to −0.004]) and diastolic blood pressure (β=−0.010 mmHg [95% CI, −0.012 to −0.011]) in boys after adjusting for confounders, which remained significant after adjusting for potential intermediate factors.

Conclusions:

We found temporal sex dimorphic negative associations between maternal s-cortisol levels and OBP, with significant findings in boys. We conclude that physiological maternal cortisol is not a risk factor for higher blood pressure in offspring up to 5 years of age.
Role of PARP and TRPM2 in VEGF Inhibitor‐Induced Vascular Dysfunction
Authors: Neves Karla B. , Alves‐Lopes Rheure , Montezano Augusto C. , Touyz Rhian M.
Published: February 2023

Background

Hypertension and vascular toxicity are major unwanted side effects of antiangiogenic drugs, such as vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors (VEGFis), which are effective anticancer drugs but have unwanted side effects, including vascular toxicity and hypertension. Poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, used to treat ovarian and other cancers, have also been associated with elevated blood pressure. However, when patients with cancer receive both olaparib, a PARP inhibitor, and VEGFi, the risk of blood pressure elevation is reduced. Underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear, but PARP‐regulated transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2 (TRPM2), a redox‐sensitive calcium channel, may be important. We investigated whether PARP/TRPM2 plays a role in VEGFi‐induced vascular dysfunction and whether PARP inhibition ameliorates the vasculopathy associated with VEGF inhibition.

Methods and Results

Human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), human aortic endothelial cells, and wild‐type mouse mesenteric arteries were studied. Cells/arteries were exposed to axitinib (VEGFi) alone and in combination with olaparib. Reactive oxygen species production, Ca
2+
influx, protein/gene analysis, PARP activity, and TRPM2 signaling were assessed in VSMCs, and nitric oxide levels were determined in endothelial cells. Vascular function was assessed by myography. Axitinib increased PARP activity in VSMCs in a reactive oxygen species‐dependent manner. Endothelial dysfunction and hypercontractile responses were ameliorated by olaparib and a TRPM2 blocker (8‐Br‐cADPR). VSMC reactive oxygen species production, Ca
2+
influx, and phosphorylation of myosin light chain 20 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (Thr
495
) were augmented by axitinib and attenuated by olaparib and TRPM2 inhibition. Proinflammatory markers were upregulated in axitinib‐stimulated VSMCs, which was reduced by reactive oxygen species scavengers and PARP‐TRPM2 inhibition. Human aortic endothelial cells exposed to combined olaparib and axitinib showed nitric oxide levels similar to VEGF‐stimulated cells.

Conclusions

Axitinib‐mediated vascular dysfunction involves PARP and TRPM2, which, when inhibited, ameliorate the injurious effects of VEGFi. Our findings define a potential mechanism whereby PARP inhibitor may attenuate vascular toxicity in VEGFi‐treated patients with cancer.
The Political Dimension of Modernity and the Unsurpassable Exteriority of ‘Nature’
Authors: Domingues José Maurício
Published: February 2023

The environment and climate change have achieved global, imaginary and institutional, centrality. Yet, despite efforts by social movements and intellectuals to change the status of ‘nature’ in social life, its unsurpassable exteriority in relation to ‘society’ remains a defining feature of modernity. While the imaginary is to a large extent fluid, these are core elements that hardly change, and by the same token are hard to change, one of the reasons being that they are crystalized in institutions, which contributes to their recursiveness and reiteration. This article explores the reasons for this, reconstructing the modern perspective, the role of subjectivity in it and some alternative views while focusing on the political dimension of modernity. It then goes on to tackle contemporary issues. If we aim to bring about a different world, and this does not exclude recourse to different civilizational alternatives, I argue that it is mostly from within the modern imaginary and institutional framework that we must face up to present challenges. I also suggest that the concepts of collective subjectivity and materiality may contribute to a renewed understanding of these questions within a critical theory perspective.
Gender Between Imaginary Institution and Cultural Incorporation
Authors: Pechriggl Alice
Published: February 2023

In this article, the author tries to show how the concept of anaclisis forged by Freud and further elaborated by Castoriadis can help to conceive ‘gender’ as a phenomenon between body and imaginary, between bios and nomos or, in Castoriadis’s words, between a ‘first natural stratum’ and ‘imaginary institution’. By analyzing the concept of imagination as related to the body in Castoriadis’s latest text and in an unpublished seminar on psychoanalysis, the article furthermore opens the gaze to the chiasmatic interrelation between body and psyche on the one hand, and between imaginary representation (mise en scène) as well as institution and cultural incorporation on the other. Revisiting the concept of anaclisis as well as its limits should permit a better understanding of the gender-imaginary and its relation to the body.
A Conversation on Social Imaginaries: Culture, Power, Action, World
Authors: Adams Suzi , Arnason Johann P.
Published: February 2023

The conversation begins with reflections on social imaginaries as a crossroads concept, capable of integrating insights from multiple sources; this point is developed through references to the works of Marx, Durkheim and Weber, and followed by comments on Charles Taylor’s hermeneutical realism, as well as on the task of rethinking psychoanalysis. Marcel Gauchet’s approach is noted as the most promising perspective on the latter field. Further discussion deals with the concept of imaginary significations as a key to the theory of culture, and then moves on to two foreshadowed but notably underdeveloped themes in Castoriadis’s work: the symbolic and the problems of theorizing action. Both of them are linked to the phenomenological notion of the world. The final section raises the question of power and emphasizes the affinity of social imaginaries with a relational understanding of power.
Names validly published in Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) by Louis-René ‘Edmond’ Tulasne in 1857, with reference to names proposed in sched. by Hilsenberg and Bojer for two Malagasy species, and with notes on the type of the name K. tubiflora
Authors: SMITH GIDEON F. , FIGUEIREDO ESTRELA
Published: February 2023

The French botanist Louis-René ‘Edmond’ Tulasne validly published three new names in Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) in 1857. These are K. eriophylla, K. miniata, and K. floribunda, with the first two of these names being based on material that was collected more than 30 years earlier in Madagascar by Carl Hilsenberg and Wenceslas Bojer, who are jointly credited as having made the first significant plant collections in the interior of the island. The third name, K. floribunda, was published for a species from the Comoros, but is an illegitimate later homonym, for which a lectotype is designated here. The fourth species that Tulasne dealt with in his treatment of Malagasy kalanchoes was included under the name Bryophyllum calycinum, which is now regarded as a synonym of K. pinnata. In the past, Bryophyllum was sometimes accepted as a genus distinct from Kalanchoe, but at present it is treated as K. subg. Bryophyllum. The nomenclature of the three names published in Kalanchoe and the one treated in Bryophyllum by Tulasne is reviewed and discussed in a historical context. The type of the name K. tubiflora, which was collected during a British expedition that lasted from 1822 to 1826 to South and East Africa, is clarified.
Bauhinia orbiculata (Cercidoideae, Leguminosae), a new species from Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil
Authors: DOS SANTOS ANTONIO C.B. , DE QUEIROZ LUCIANO P. , DA SILVA MARIA A.P. , PAULA ANTONIO P.O. , FEITOZA LIDIANE DE L. , DE CARVALHO REGINALDO
Published: February 2023

Bauhinia orbiculata is a new species of Leguminosae found in the northern portion of the Chapada Diamantina mountain range in the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. It occurs in the seasonally dry shrubby vegetation locally known as ‘carrasco’, and is characterized by entire unifoliolate leaves with nine primary veins, rounded to obtuse apex and cordate base, dark ferruginous lower leaf surface, and linear and smooth floral buds. A detailed description, distribution map and illustrations are provided and its relationship with other eastern Brazilian species with entire leaves is discussed.
Two new species of Optatus Pascoe and Macroptatus Heller (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Baridinae), with a reappraisal of generic characters
Authors: PRENA JENS
Published: February 2023

Macroptatus deppens Prena new species is described from México and El Salvador. Optatus stockwelli Prena new species is described from Panamá. Optatus Pascoe, 1889 and Macroptatus Heller, 1906 are maintained as distinct genera based on the development of the prosternal process separating the procoxae. Other previously used characters on the rostrum, tarsus, and metaventrite grade together across species or are deemed species-specific. Species of these genera appear to be associated with Annona fruits.
Attributing the Urban–Rural Contrast of Heat Stress Simulated by a Global Model
Authors: Qin Yue , Liao Weilin , Li Dan
Published: February 2023

The two-resistance mechanism (TRM) attribution method, which was designed to analyze the urban–rural contrast of temperature, is improved to study the urban–rural contrast of heat stress. The improved method can be applied to diagnosing any heat stress index that is a function of temperature and humidity. As an example, in this study we use it to analyze the summertime urban–rural contrast of simplified wet bulb globe temperature (SWBGT) simulated by the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory land model coupled with an urban canopy model. We find that the urban–rural contrast of SWBGT is primarily caused by the lack of evapotranspiration in urban areas during the daytime and the release of heat storage during the nighttime, with the urban–rural differences in aerodynamic features playing either positive or negative roles depending on the background climate. Compared to the magnitude of the urban–rural contrast of temperature, the magnitude of the urban–rural contrast of SWBGT is damped due to the moisture deficits in urban areas. We further find that the urban–rural contrast of 2-m air temperature/SWBGT is fundamentally different from that of canopy air temperature/SWBGT. Turbulent mixing in the surface layer leads to much smaller urban–rural contrasts of 2-m air temperature/SWBGT than their canopy air counterparts.

Significance Statement

Heat leads to serious public health concerns, but urban and rural areas have different levels of heat stress. Our study explains the magnitude and pattern of the simulated urban–rural contrast in heat stress at the global scale and improves an attribution method to quantify which biophysical processes are mostly responsible for the simulated urban–rural contrast in heat stress. We highlight two well-known causes of higher heat stress in cities: the lack of evapotranspiration and the stronger release of heat storage. Meanwhile, we draw attention to the vegetation types in rural areas, which determine the urban–rural difference in surface roughness and significantly affect the urban–rural difference in heat stress. Last, we find the urban–rural contrasts of 2-m air temperature/SWBGT are largely reduced relative to their canopy air counterparts due to the turbulent mixing effect.
The Impact of Alcohol Level on Elderly Trauma Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department
Authors: Wasfie Tarik , White Hutton , Casey Taylor , Hella Jennifer , Barber Kimberly , Shapiro Brian
Published: February 2023

Alcohol is a chemical substance that alters cognitive ability and judgment. We looked at our elderly patients that arrived at the Emergency Department (ED) following trauma and evaluated the factors that may influence outcome. Retrospective analysis of patients seen in ED with positive alcohol was performed. Statistical analysis was performed to identify the confounding factors for outcomes. Records collected on 449 patients with a mean age of 42 ± 16.9 years. There were 314 males (70%) and 135 females (30%). Average GCS was 14, and average ISS was 7.0. Mean alcohol level was 176 g/dL ± 91.6. There were 48 patients aged 65 years and older with significantly higher hospital stay (4.1 and 2.8 days, P = .019) and ICU stay (2.4 and 1.2 days, P = .003) compared to the 64 and younger group. Elderly trauma patients had a higher mortality and length of stay due to a higher number of comorbidities.
Health education and promotion of #PhysicalActivity on Twitter before and during COVID-19
Authors: Farley Zachary S , McDonough Kalyn , Richards Elizabeth A , Smock Carissa R
Published: February 2023

Objective:

Twitter, a microblogging service, allows users to post short messages (tweets) and link posts through hashtags, creating online communities to enable dissemination of health education. The objective of this descriptive study was to examine Twitter’s #PhysicalActivity health education and promotion efforts, including differences in response before (March 2019–February 2020) and during (March 2020–February 2021) the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design, setting and methods:

A codebook was developed to conduct a quantitative content analysis of #PhysicalActivity tweets before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Twitter’s Advanced Search parameters included minimum 1 reply, 25 likes and 5 retweets. Tweets were double-coded for user characteristics, community response, tweet elements (video, photo, link, questions, events, original text, survey/response, journal article, infographic) and intended audience. T-tests examined differences in researcher-generated NET response (replies + retweets + likes) between COVID-19 and comparison years.

Results:

Data were collected from 400 tweets. Eighty percent of tweets were from personal accounts, with over half indicating the possession of a health professional degree. Twenty-nine percent of tweets gave behavioural recommendations of which 56.8% provided a rationale. Nearly all used at least two components, text and photos most common. The general public was the most intended audience with health professionals second. While the NET response was greater during COVID-19 ( M = 139.6, SD = 156.8) than prior to it ( M = 116.8, SD = 105.1), the difference was not statistically significant ( p = .091).

Conclusion:

Twitter platform provided an opportunity to disseminate health education, specifically for the promotion of physical activity, while adhering to public health recommendations to #StaySafeStayHome. Our findings provide insights into engaging this online community to inform future physical education and promotion dissemination.
Use of Karl Fischer titration for the localized measurement of water content in FRP composite aircraft parts removed from service
Authors: Gillet Camille , Splawski Wilfried , Aguirre Florian , Hassoune-Rhabbour Bouchra , Tchalla Tatiana , Nassiet Valérie
Published: February 2023

Moisture content measurements are performed on scrapped Outlet Guide Vanes (OGV) that have operated in different climates. These measurements are made by three Karl Fischer titration methods. The results are separated into two parts. On one side, a comparison of these different techniques highlights their advantages and disadvantages. The methods for studying the samples and the duration of the tests differ. The standard method is not sufficient to extract all the water from the samples. The chemical extraction and grinding methods provide higher water content. On the other side, a mapping of the water content through three scrapped OGV blades is performed with the Karl Fischer titration. Differences are observed according to the service area climate. Concentration gradients are also visible within the part, with more water at the leading edges and less water in the foam. Parts that have flown in hot and humid regions have the lowest water contents by standard Karl Fischer titration. These measurements are compared with the analysis of the damage they have been subjected to. They allow to highlight the composite material degradation, manifested by resin erosion, which is more significant for parts that have operated in wet and humid areas. This erosion involves a lower resin percentage and could explain the lower water contents measured.
Simulation of the dynamics of a flexible fiber in the swirling airflow in a nozzle containing cylindrical and divergent conical sections
Authors: Pei Zeguang , Xi Chuanzhi
Published: February 2023

Swirling airflow plays a key role in textile production processes. The structure and properties of a textile processed by utilizing swirling airflow depend to a large extent on the dynamics of the fibers in the flow. This work presents a numerical investigation of the dynamics of a flexible fiber in the tangentially injected swirling airflow in a nozzle containing cylindrical and divergent conical sections, which is frequently encountered during textile production. Simulation of the three-dimensional, transient, compressible and turbulent swirling airflow field in the nozzle is first conducted. A model for the particle-level simulation of a flexible fiber in a wall-bounded flow is consequently adopted for studying the fiber motion in the nozzle. This model assumes the fiber to be composed of several massless elastic rods connected by rigid ball–socket joints where various forces and torques are exerted. The stretching, bending and twisting deformations of the fiber as well as the fiber–wall collision can all be modeled. The motional characteristics of the flexible fiber can be obtained by solving the translational and rotational equations for all the ball–socket joints in the fiber model. Based on the model, the effects of two process and nozzle geometric parameters – the nozzle pressure and radial position of the injectors – on the fiber motion are studied. The results show that the model and methods presented in this work can provide effective and useful insights into the dynamics of flexible fiber in the swirling airflow field inside complex-structured nozzles employed in the textile production processes.
Simple post-treatment of cotton fabric for efficient personal moisture management
Authors: Zheng Maorong , Gu Jiatai , Zhang Hongxia , He Xinyang , He Mantang , Wang Liming , Qin Xiaohong
Published: February 2023

Wet comfort is an important indicator for evaluating human wearing comfort, and personal moisture management fabrics can quickly transfer sweat from the skin surface to meet the human body's requirements for wet comfort. Although cotton fabrics have an excellent water absorption capacity, the inability of moisture to transfer quickly causes the fabrics to cling to the skin and causes discomfort. Here we demonstrate personal moisture management cotton fabric by two-step grafting treatments, which are relatively simple and usually do not fall off as easily as a simple coating process. Moreover, unlike traditional double-layer or sandwich structures that absorb water and grow heavy, the fabric's quick-drying qualities are accomplished by expanding the area of water evaporation. According to the results of liquid moisture management and water evaporation rate tests, this fabric's moisture diffusion radius is 5 mm larger than that of pure cotton fabrics, and its evaporation rate can reach 0.2082 g/(m2 · d). In addition, it is also suitable for high-volume apparel fabrics. This work paves the way for personal moisture management cotton fabric.