bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Factor Affecting the Adoption of Jenius Digital Bank on Generation Y and Z in Indonesia
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Semarang, Cendrayani Berlian Dwi , Christina Budhi Adhiani ,   Politeknik Negeri Semarang, Hidayati Ulfah ,   Politeknik Negeri Semarang
Published: November 2024

This study aims to examine the determinants influencing the adoption of the Jenius digital bank among Generation Y and Z individuals in Indonesia. The research focuses on Generation Y and Z users of the Jenius application in Indonesia. A purposive sampling strategy was employed to gather data from 205 respondents who completed an online questionnaire disseminated via Google Forms. The obtained data was subsequently analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the assistance of SmartPLS Version 3 software. The results delineate that both perceived benefits and perceived risks exert significant influences on the adoption of the Jenius digital bank. The constituents underpinning perceived benefits comprise economic benefit, seamless transaction capabilities, and convenience. Conversely, the factors contributing to perceived risks encompass financial risk, security risk, and performance risk. The adoption of the Jenius digital bank by Generation Y and Z users in Indonesia is substantially driven by the perceived benefits and risks, with each of these dimensions encapsulating distinct and relevant factors pertinent to the users' decision-making process.
Feições decadentes: uma leitura de Estive em Lisboa e lembrei de você
Authors: Porto Elayne da Silva , Duarte Carina Marques
Published: November 2024

Em 2009, o escritor Luiz Ruffato publicou a novela Estive em Lisboa e lembrei de você, cujo protagonista, o mineiro Serginho, após recorrentes fracassos, decide migrar para Portugal. Durante a narrativa, são apresentadas personagens portuguesas, que, apegadas a um passado de conquistas, demonstram dificuldades em lidar com a realidade em que vivem. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho é verificar em que medida algumas personagens lusitanas de Estive em Lisboa e lembrei de você são caracterizadas por um déficit de realidade e como, frequentemente, na narrativa, a Portugal é endereçado o rótulo de país decadente. Além disso, analisamos a produtividade do diálogo com Fernando Pessoa para a feição decadente do protagonista. Para tanto, foram lidos e analisados os seguintes textos literários: Estive em Lisboa e lembrei de você e o poema “Tabacaria”, de Fernando Pessoa-Álvaro de Campos. A fim de investigar a representação de Portugal como um país decadente ou periférico, buscamos suporte teórico em Boaventura de Sousa Santos (2003) – em cujo texto “Entre Próspero e Caliban: colonialismo, pós-colonialismo e interidentidade” afirma que, desde o século XVII, Portugal ocupa uma posição semiperiférica –, Margarida Calafate Ribeiro (2003) e Eduardo Lourenço (2012). Foram indispensáveis, na elaboração da análise, as formulações teóricas de Laurent Jenny (1979) sobre a intertextualidade. Os resultados apontam para a conjugação de feições decadentes na novela: a das personagens portuguesas – que sugere a posição semiperiférica de Portugal – e a do protagonista, o brasileiro, que, desempregado, vai morar na periferia de Lisboa e aceita trabalhar como ajudante de pedreiro. Por fim, consciente de seu fracasso, o protagonista, ao final da novela, dialogando com o poema “Tabacaria”, de Pessoa-Campos, entra em uma tabacaria para comprar cigarros, único alívio para aquele que está cônscio de que falhou em tudo.
Process Improvements in Human Capital Management
Authors:   USA, Saini Ankur
Published: November 2024

Human Capital Management (HCM) is an insightful method of managing people in the workplace to achieve organizational goals. This paper examines the changes in HC, such as updating its technology and adopting new techniques to enhance the ability of human resources. These resources include the implementation of Human Resource Information Systems (HRIS). These applications automate most HR work, such as payroll processing and administration of employee benefits, and vigorous incorporation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning in matters concerning recruitment and performance evaluation. These technologies can facilitate the predictive analysis process so that organizations can make valuable decisions regarding employee engagement, staff retention, and staff training and development. Moreover, employee self-service (ESS) platforms are practiced to allow employees to manage data, thereby eliminating or minimizing bureaucracy. This paper also emphasizes the organization’s strategies for new hire retention and enlightened organizational culture through efficient onboarding techniques. Current performance management approaches involving regular feedback and appraisal are explored to enhance the employees’ growth and performance. Furthermore, improved learning and development opportunities and possibilities, particularly e-learning and individual training needs, are critical contributors to satisfaction and breakthrough to the next career level. Data analytics is highlighted in these areas, proving how it can help understand workforce trends, support more effective decision-making, and streamline HR operations. The concluding part of the paper addresses existing and developing trends in the field of HCM with an emphasis on the advances in artificial intelligence and data analytics as well as the focus on employees’ needs. Such advancements will redefine how organizations manage human capital and provide new avenues for getting, keeping, and growing talent in a competitive business environment..
Assessing Cognitive and Perceptual Abilities in Imaginative and Mainstream Elementary Schools: A Case Comparison
Authors: Mavrelos Emmanouil , Daradoumis Thanasis
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the impact of imaginative pedagogy on the cognitive and perceptual abilities of elementary school students aged 7-8, using a case comparison approach. Focusing on a Waldorf school as a case for imaginative education and a mainstream Greek school, the research examines abilities including Spatial, Linguistic, Kinesthetic, Naturalistic, Mathematical and Musical. The study utilized a mixed method consisting of playful assessment activities and classroom observations to evaluate these abilities comprehensively. The findings reveal that students in the Waldorf school demonstrate significant advantages in the Spatial, Linguistic, Kinesthetic and Naturalistic areas, attributed to the school's imaginative teaching methods. More specifically, imaginative pedagogy is shown to resonate well with competences related to physical activities, language processing, understanding of the natural world, and visual-spatial reasoning. In contrast, there are no significant differences in Math-Logic and Musical abilities between the two school types, despite the traditional emphasis on language and mathematics in mainstream Greek schools. The study highlights the potential benefits of imaginative pedagogy for holistic cognitive development, suggesting its applicability in mainstream education.
 
 
Received: 15 July 2024 | Revised: 21 October 2024 | Accepted: 30 October 2024
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in Mendeley Data at http://doi.org/10.17632/y2hkn43sd8.1.
 
Author Contribution Statement
Emmanouil Mavrelos: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing. Thanasis Daradoumis: Conceptualization, Writing - review & editing, Supervision.
Communicating the Methodology of Comparative Law Research in Legal Translator Training: A Gap to be Filled
Authors: Kusik Przemysław
Published: November 2024

This paper aims to discuss the role of comparative law methodology in legal translator training as well as to indicate certain shortcomings in this respect and make sugges tions for improvement. Although proposals to include comparative law in legal translation courses have been raised for decades, the review of academic literature and actual curricula conducted in this paper, supported by a survey ‑based case study of Polish sworn translators, implies that there is a considerable gap to be filled. This gap relates to the communication of comparative law methodology, especially the more recent and more pluralist developments in the field, going beyond the traditional functional method. Clear links between comparative law and legal translation suggest that more insights from comparative law in legal translator training – especially in the form of a standalone theory/methodology course – could improve legal translators’ performance and, in turn, enhance the quality of transnational legal commu nication in general.
Obtención de compuestos químicos de interés a partir de residuos agroforestales
Authors:   , Maisterra Udi Maitane
Published: November 2024

Lignocellulosic biomass is largest renewable feedstock of organic compounds. In this PhD Thesis, the valorization of lignocellulosic biomass from industrial residues is addressed. First, the valorization of the lignocellulosic biomass from Populus salicaceae (Populus sp.) sawdust, commonly known as 'poplar' is studied. Two different strategies are used. The first strategy consists on the isolation of the lignin from the biomass, obtaining technical lignins, which are further submitted to basic depolymerization, hydrogenolysis or a combination of both. The second strategy consists on the biomass catalytic fractionation, CF, using silica catalysts, or reductive catalytic fractionation, RCF, with either commercial catalyst as Ru/C or ad-hoc prepared catalysts as molybdenum carbide supported in activated carbon, according to ‘Lignin First’ strategies. CF and RCF results clearly outperformed those from lignin depolymerization, being very close to the theoretical maximum. Continuous flow FC and RCF was tested. The effect of the operation conditions on the fractionation yield, the integrity of the delignified pulp and the catalyst were thoroughly studied, obtaining the best results with the β-Mo2C catalyst in batch, at 200 ºC for 480 min with H2 with a yield of 34% w/w to monomers. In a second approach, the valorization of poplar bark was studied. For this purpose, different extractions have been carried out using Soxhlet, using solvents with different polarities. The as obtained extracts were further fractionated by chromatography with the aim of reducing their chemical complexity and enabling the identification of active compounds. Once the extracts and their fractions were obtained, they were studied using different protocols to evaluate their antioxidant activity (DPPH free radical method), to determine the total phenolic content (TPC) using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and to study the virucidal and antiviral activity of two different viruses, the Chikungunya virus and Herpes Simplex Type 1. Virucidal activity was found in a family of extracts. Although the active compound could not be unequivocally identified, the results that are gathered in this memory are highly promising.
Research on Student-Centered English Teaching Strategies in Higher Vocational Colleges
Authors: Jinfang Zhang , Dizon Carmela S.
Published: November 2024

In the process of implementing English teaching activities in domestic higher vocational colleges, students’ poor foundation of subject knowledge learning and students’ weak overall English learning ability are very prominent problems in the teaching process. These have adverse effects on the development of students’ learning and serve as obstacles to the achievement of the goal of talent training. In order to better meet the learning needs of higher vocational students, higher vocational colleges need to organize and carry out corresponding teaching activities around the student body, take student-centered teaching as the guidance, solve the teaching problems at the present stage, adopt corresponding teaching strategies to improve the adaptability of teaching methods and improve the teaching effect of English subjects.
THE RELEVANCE OF THE PHYSICAL EDUCATION PROFESSIONAL IN GUIDING EXERCISE AND ITS BENEFITS FOR WOMEN DURING PREGNANCY
Authors: De Nazaré Campos Soares Mesias , Dias de Araujo Rocilda , Carlos Vieira do Monte José , Miguel Paula de Melo Júnior Vicente , Santos da Silva Eriton , Emilio Gomes Dias Paulo , Luis Martins da Costa Jorge
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION Thais papear explore lhe benfeito desligado fiscal exercesse durinha pregnancy and. Lhe importante desligado Professional Fiscal Educativo guinche too censure afeta and. Maximize positive out comes for pregam homem. The min ressarce problem. Si too understand show lhe pratique desligado fiscal activities, under especialize guinche, can. Influencie lhe fiscal and. Mental hialita desligado pregam homem. OBJECTIVE The stud ais too anualize and. Highlight lhe positive impactos desligado regular fiscal exercesse durinha pregnancy, as gel as lhe mede for propor professional guinche. METHODOLOGY The metodólogo involves a literature review, selecting and analyzing relevant studies that address lhe relationship between fiscal exercesse and gestational health, emphasizing lhe benefits and necessary precautions to avoid complications. It includes scientific articles, clinical practice guidelines, and recommendations from recognized health institutions, indicating that regular fiscal exercesse durinha pregnancy significantly contributes to lhe improvement off cardiovascular, muscular, and mental health in pregnant women, in addition to assisting in weight control and preventing gestational complications such as gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia. The presence off a Physical Education professional is crucial to adapting exercises to lhe individual needs off pregnant women and ensuring lhe correct execution off activities, minimizing risks. CONCLUSIONThis reaffirms lhe importance off fiscal exercesse durinha pregnancy, highlighting lhe mede for professional guinche to ensure safety and efficacy. The results obtained are relevant for promoting maternal and fetal health, suggesting that lhe inclusion off a Physical Education professional in lhe monitoring off pregnant women can enhance lhe benefits off exercesse.
Horasan Valisi Nasr b. Seyyâr’ın İcraatlarının Abbâsî İhtilâline Yansımaları
Authors: Akyürek Yunus
Published: November 2024

Abbâsî ihtilâli, Irak eyaletinde yaşayan Emevî aleyhtarı Arap kabilelerin; Horasan, Sistân, Tohâristan ve Mâverâünnehir fetihlerinde görevlendirilen, süreç içerisinde buralara peyderpey yerleştirilen ve çeşitli isyanları bastırmaya zorlanan savaşçı Arap unsurların, yine Horasan’da yaşayan ve Emevî idaresinden memnun olmayan Acemler ile Hâricî ve Şiî bütün kesimlerin destek verdiği uzun soluklu toplumsal bir harekettir. Bu makalede Emevîlerin son Horasan Valisi Ebü’l-Leys Nasr b. Seyyâr b. Râfi‘ el-Leysî’nin (ö. 131/748) Abbâsî ihtilâli ile olan ilişkisi, Mâverâünnehir bölgesi ve Merv şehri üzerinden ele alınacaktır. Nasr’ın bütün tecrübe, feraset ve gayretine, pek çok müspet icraatına ve etkili tedbirler almasına rağmen ihtilâl gerçekleşmiştir. Araştırmada, ihtilâlin iç ve dış nedenleri üzerine odaklanılması amaçlanmıştır. Zira tarihin kırılma anlarından olan Abbâsî ihtilâlinin arka planına inilmesi, sonraki hadiselerin daha sağlıklı değerlendirilmesine önemli katkı sunacaktır. Nitel araştırma yöntemi, anlatı araştırması tekniğinin kullanıldığı çalışma; ihtilâl hareketini otuz yılı aşkın bir süre gizli ve açıktan destekleyen Horasan bölgesi, bu harekete güçlü bir destek vermediği anlaşılan Mâverâünnehir bölgesi ve Horasan hâkimiyeti için Merv şehri üzerinden mücadele eden Nasr b. Seyyâr - Ebû Müslim el-Horasânî ilişkileri ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Temel kaynakların ağırlıklı olarak kullanıldığı araştırma ile Emevîlerin yıkılma nedenleri ve Abbâsî ihtilâlinin başarıya ulaşma prensipleri üzerinden eleştirel bir bakış açısı geliştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Nasr’ın ortaya koyduğu müspet uygulama ve tedbirlerin, yürüttüğü siyasi ve askerî faaliyetlerin ihtilâlin hedefine ulaşmasını sadece bir süreliğine geciktirebildiği genel anlamda söylenebilir. Horasan ve Mâverâünnehir’de meskûn Türk unsurun süreci etkileyecek düzeyde ihtilâle katkı sunduğu iddiaları ise temkinle karşılanmalıdır.
Factores económicos y niveles de morosidad en la cartera de crédito del sector cooperativista en Ecuador
Authors: Riofrio Rivas Anabel María , Chamba Tandazo José Job , López-Lapo Jorge Luis
Published: November 2024

En el contexto de la economía, el sistema financiero popular y solidario tiene un rol fundamental al facilitar el ahorro, crédito e inversión, lo que promueve la inclusión y el desarrollo local. Por tanto, el estudio realizado tuvo como propósito cuantificar el impacto de los factores económicos sobre los niveles de morosidad registrados en la cartera de crédito del sector cooperativista segmento uno en el Ecuador, durante el periodo 2018-2022. Se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo, hipotético, deductivo, de diseño no experimental de tipo longitudinal y explicativo. El  muestreo empleado fue no probabilístico por conveniencia. Se usó fuentes secundarias disponibles en sitios web como la Superintendencia de Economía Popular y Solidaria (SEPS), Banco Central del Ecuador (BCE), Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (INEC). Se utilizó el modelo de regresión lineal múltiple por mínimos cuadrados ordinarios (MCO) que fue procesado en Gretl. A la morosidad se la considero como variable dependiente y a la tasa activa, tasa de desempleo y PIB como variables independientes. Los resultados mostraron que existe relación significativa de 59,16% entre la morosidad, las tasas activas y el desempleo, mientras que el PIB no mostró significancia en este estudio. En este sentido es importante que las instituciones financieras se preparen y se adapten a las fluctuaciones económicas que afecten el crecimiento económico del país, con el fin de aplicar estrategias que aseguren su estabilidad financiera a corto y a largo plazo, prestando servicios a los sectores más vulnerables contribuyendo a la inclusión financiera y al dinamismo económico.
İnsansız Hava Aracı Kullanarak Toprak Neminin Mısır Tarlası Örneğinde Haritalanması
Authors: Sönmez Erdoğan Fizyon , Erdoğan Mehmet Akif
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışma mısır ekili bir parsel örneğinde insansız hava aracı kullanımı, uzaktan algılama ve coğrafi bilgi sistemleri yardımıyla toprak neminin konumsal olarak tahmini amaçlamıştır. Dijital nem ölçer ile toplanan toprak nemi ölçümleri ile İnsanız Hava Aracı (İHA) sistemine entegre bir multispektral sensör kullanılarak üretilen ortomozaik görüntüsü ve de bu görüntüden üretilen vejetasyon indislerinin girdi olarak kullanıldığı çoklu doğrusal regresyon yöntemi ile toprak nemi tahmini gerçekleştirilmiştir. Üretilen sekiz vejetasyon indisi içinden %90 güven aralığına gerçekleştirilen geriye adım çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi sonucunda önem seviyesinde çıkan kızıl eşik ve yakın kızıl ötesi bantlar ile ARVI, NDVI, kızıl eşik EVI ve kızıl eşik SAVI katmanlarından toprak nemi tahmin denklemi (R2: 0,81) oluşturulmuştur. Elde edilen tahmin denklemi kullanılarak tüm tarla için toprak nemi haritalanmış ve yapılan doğruluk testine göre R2 değeri 0,74 olarak bulunmuştur. Elde edilen sonuç literatürde mısır ürünü için yapılan dünyanın farklı bölgelerinden benzer birkaç çalışma ile yakın doğruluk oranları sergilemekle beraber kullanılan sensör özellikleri, görüntü alım tarihleri ve vejetasyon indis kombinasyonları farklılık göstermektedir. Tüm bu sonuçlar göstermiştir ki uzaktan algılama, coğrafi bilgi sistemleri ve insansız hava aracı teknolojilerinin birlikte kullanılmasıyla çok daha ekonomik ve hızlı bir şekilde toprak neminin konumsal olarak tahmin edilmesi ve haritalanmasını olası hale getirmiştir. Bu durum aynı zamanda daha etkin tarımsal sulama planlamasına da yol açacaktır.
Operational Challenges and Prioritization of Potential Solutions for Integrating Vertiports into Airports
Authors: Tuncal Arif
Published: November 2024

The integration of vertiports into airports for eVTOL/UAV flights poses operational challenges. The aim of the study was to propose and prioritize solutions to overcome these challenges. A comprehensive literature review identified remote vertiport networks, geofencing technology, dedicated airspace corridors, advanced collision avoidance systems and dynamic airspace management as potential solutions. These solutions were prioritized using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) based on criteria such as safety, cost, efficiency, feasibility, and sustainability. Dynamic airspace management (=0.396) was the highest priority, followed by remote vertiport networks (=0.385), dedicated airspace corridors (=0.273), geofencing technology (=0.205), and advanced collision avoidance systems (=0.137). The study highlights the importance of dynamic data sharing and real-time planning through integrated ATM/UTM systems, enhanced by AI technologies, to ensure safety and efficiency. In addition, the development of remote vertiport networks and dedicated airspace corridors is essential to manage growing air traffic and ensure the safe coexistence of eVTOL/UAVs and traditional aircraft. Geofencing technology and advanced collision avoidance systems are also essential to maintain safety and operational integrity. It is recommended that future studies focus on the integration of ATM/UTM and the application of artificial intelligence. Continued collaboration between UAM stakeholders is essential to develop effective integration strategies.
Effects of Municipal Waste Discharge and its Re-Suspension on Water Quality in the Great Kwa River Estuary, Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Ekpo, P. B Ekpo, P. B , Etangetuk, N. A Etangetuk, N. A , Chinyere, O. A Chinyere, O. A , Effiong, N. M Effiong, N. M , Ekpo, I. P Ekpo, I. P , Okey, F. O Okey, F. O , Bebie, O. E Bebie, O. E , Job, I. E Job, I. E , Adie, E. Adie, E.
Published: November 2024

Effects of Municipal Waste Discharge and Its Re-suspension on Water Quality in the Great Kwa River Estuary, Cross River State, Nigeria investigates the impact of municipal waste discharge and its re-suspension on water quality in the estuary. The research was conducted at two locations, Obufa Esuk, and Idundu, utilizing heavy metal analysis and Pollution Load Index (PLI) calculations during dry and wet seasons. Water samples were collected and analyzed using standard methods for heavy metal detection, including atomic absorption spectroscopy, while the PLI was calculated based on the concentration of pollutants relative to background levels. Results show that copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) levels at both sites are within World Health Organization (WHO) safety limits. However, lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) concentrations are significantly high. At Obufa Esuk, cadmium reaches 0.76 mg/L in the dry season and 0.7 mg/L in the wet season, exceeding the WHO limit of 0.003 mg/L. Lead levels are elevated but below the WHO threshold of 0.01 mg/L. At Idundu, cadmium peaks at 0.85 mg/L in the dry season and 0.73 mg/L in the wet season, with lead concentrations also exceeding safe limits. These elevated metal levels are linked to severe pollution from municipal waste discharge and its re-suspension. The PLI values indicate moderate pollution at both sites, with Obufa Esuk showing values of 2.30 and 2.25, and Idundu showing 1.85 and 2.15. This pollution is associated with high turbidity and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS). The study highlights the urgent need for improved waste management practices, recommending upgrades to treatment facilities, stricter regulations, enhanced runoff, and erosion management, regular water quality monitoring, public awareness campaigns, and better stakeholder collaboration to protect water quality and public health in the Great Kwa River estuary.
Base synergy in freshly nucleated particles
Authors: Hasan Galib , Wu Haide , Knattrup Yosef , Elm Jonas
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Sulfuric acid (SA), ammonia (AM) and dimethylamine (DMA) are believed to be key contributors to new particle formation (NPF) in the atmosphere. NPF happens through gas-to-particle transformation via cluster formation. However, it is not obvious how small clusters grow to larger sizes and eventually form stable aerosol particles. Recent experimental measurements showed that the presence of mixtures of bases enhance the nucleation rate several orders of magnitude. Using quantum chemistry methods, this study explores this base synergy in the formation of large clusters from a mixture of SA, AM, and DMA. We calculated the binding free energies of the (SA)n(AM)x(DMA)n−x clusters, with n from 1 to 10, where x runs from 0 to n. The cluster structures were obtained using our recently developed comprehensive configurational sampling approach based on multiple ABCluster runs and metadynamics sampling via CREST. The structures and thermochemical parameters are calculated at the B97-3c level of theory. The final single point energy of the clusters is calculated at the ωB97X-DJB3/6-311++G(3df,3pd) level of theory. Based on the calculated thermochemistry, we found that AM, despite being a weaker base, forms more intermolecular interactions than DMA and easily becomes embedded in the cluster core. This leads to the mixed SA-AM/DMA clusters being lower in free energy compared to the pure SA–AM and SA–DMA clusters. We find that the strong base DMA is important in the very initial steps in cluster formation, but for larger clusters an increased ammonia content is found. We also observed that the cluster-to-particle transition point for the mixed SA–AM–DMA clusters occurs at a cluster size of 14 monomers, which is notably smaller than the transition points for the pure SA-AM (16 monomers) or pure SA–DMA (20 monomers) systems. This indicates a strong synergistic effect when both AM and DMA are present, leading to the formation of stable freshly nucleated particles (FNPs) at smaller cluster sizes. These findings emphasize the importance of considering several base molecules, when studying the formation and growth of FNPs.
Estimating biases during detection of leads and lags between climate elements across Dansgaard–Oeschger events
Authors: Slattery John , Sime Louise C. , Muschitiello Francesco , Riechers Keno
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Dansgaard–Oeschger (DO) events occurred throughout the last glacial period. Greenland ice cores show a rapid warming during each stadial to interstadial transition, alongside an abrupt loss of sea ice and a major reorganisation of the atmospheric circulation. Other records also indicate simultaneous abrupt changes to the oceanic circulation. Recently, an advanced Bayesian ramp-fitting method has been developed and used to investigate time lags between transitions in these different climate elements with a view to determining the relative order of these changes. Here, we critically review this method in both its original implementation and a new, extended implementation. Using ice core data, climate model output, and carefully synthesised data representing DO events, we demonstrate that both implementations of the method suffer from biases of up to 15 years. These biases mean that the method will tend to yield transition onsets that are too early. Further investigation of DO warming event records in climate models and ice core data reveals that the biases are on the same order of magnitude as potential timing differences between the abrupt transitions of different climate elements. Additionally, we find that higher-resolution records would not reduce these biases. We conclude that decadal-scale leads and lags between climate elements across DO events cannot be reliably detected, as we cannot exclude the possibility that they result solely from the biases we present here.
A Mathematical Model of Microbially-Induced Convection in Sea Ice
Authors: Kraitzman Noa , Grattepanche Jean-David , Sanders Robert , Klapper Isaac
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Through its role as a an interface between ocean and atmosphere, sea ice is important both physically and biologically. We propose here that the resident microbial community can influence the structure of sea ice, particularly near its ocean interface, by effectively lowering the local freezing point via an osmolytic mechanism. The lower freezing point can enhance fluid flow, linking a bottom, convective ice layer with the underlying ocean, resulting in improved nutrient uptake and byproduct removal. A mathematical model based on a previously suggested abiotic one dimensional simplification of mushy ice fluid dynamics is used to illustrate, and supporting measurements of freezing point depression by lab grown sea ice-associated organisms are provided.
Atmospheric Mixed Rossby Gravity Waves over Tropical Pacific during the Austral Summer
Authors: Braga Hugo Alves , Magaña Victor
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Atmospheric Mixed Rossby-Gravity Wave (MRGW) activity during the austral summer months (Dec-Jan-Feb) is examined by means of observational analyses for the 1991–2020 period. The main objective of the study is to explore the relationship between tropical circulations at upper and lower tropospheric levels and tropical convective activity. Using an Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis of the high-frequency meridional component anomalies of the wind at 200 hPa, for zonal wavenumber 5–6, episodes of intense MRGW activity are detected. Composite analyses based on an EOF analysis show a quadrature phase over the central-eastern equatorial Pacific between the MRGW structure in the upper and lower troposphere. Lagged correlations between the first two EOFs principal components, and the wind field and OLR, show that MRGWs are laterally forced at upper tropospheric levels over the westerly duct region and later propagate westward and downward. Once the MRGW reaches the lower tropospheric levels, it induces zones of moisture convergence that modulates convective activity. Tropical convection develops in the divergent region of the MRGW at 200 hPa and in the MRGW moisture convergence region at 700 hPa. Since the MRGW phase tilts eastward with height, moisture convergence at lower tropospheric levels tends to coincide with divergence at upper levels favoring intense convective activity which results in the antisymmetric outgoing longwave radiation anomalies off the equator near the MRGW. Therefore, the occurrence of MRGWs over the eastern Pacific, is a form of tropical – extratropical interaction that generates tropical convection anomalies by means of induced lower tropospheric moisture convergence and divergence anomalies.
Sensitivity Studies of Four‐Dimensional Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter Coupled With WRF-Chem Version 3.9.1 for Improving Particulate Matter Simulation Accuracy
Authors: Lin Jianyu , Dai Tie , Sheng Lifang , Zhang Weihang , Hai Shangfei , Kong Yawen
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Accurately simulate severe haze events through numerical models remains challenging because of uncertainty in anthropogenic emissions and physical parameterizations of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10). In this study, a coupled WRF-Chem/four-dimension local ensemble transform Kalman filter (4D-LETKF) data assimilation system has been successfully developed to optimize particulate matter concentration by assimilating hourly ground-based observations in winter over the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and surrounding provinces. The effectiveness of 4D-LETKF system and its sensitivity to ensemble member size and length of assimilation window have been investigated. The promising results show that significant improvements have been made by analysis in the simulation of particulate matter during severe haze event. The assimilation reduces root mean square errors of PM2.5 from 69.93 to 31.19 µg m-3 and of PM10 from 106.88 to 76.83µg m-3. Smaller RMSEs and larger correlation coefficients in the analysis of PM2.5 and PM10 are observed across nearly all verification stations, indicating that the 4D-LETKF assimilation optimizes the simulation of PM2.5 and PM10 concentration efficiently. Sensitivity experiments reveal that the combination of 48 hours of assimilation window length and 40 ensemble members shows best performance for reproducing severe haze event. In view of the performance of ensemble members, increasing ensemble member size improves divergence among each forecasting member, facilitates the spread of state vectors about PM2.5 and PM10 information in the first guess, favors the variances between each initial condition in the next assimilation cycle and leads to better simulation performance both in severe and moderate haze events. This study advances our understanding about the selection of basic parameters in the 4D-LETKF assimilation system and the performance of ensemble simulation in a particulate matter polluted environment.
Multiyear high-temporal-resolution measurements of submicron aerosols at 13 French urban sites: data processing and chemical composition
Authors: Chebaicheb Hasna , de Brito Joel F. , Amodeo Tanguy , Couvidat Florian , Petit Jean-Eudes , Tison Emmanuel , Abbou Gregory , Baudic Alexia , Chatain Mélodie , Chazeau Benjamin , Marchand Nicolas , Falhun Raphaële , Francony Florie , Ratier Cyril , Grenier Didier , Vidaud Romain , Zhang Shouwen , Gille Gregory , Meunier Laurent , Marchand Caroline , Riffault Véronique , Favez Olivier
Published: November 2024

Abstract. This paper presents a first comprehensive analysis of long-term measurements of atmospheric aerosol components from aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM) and multiwavelength Aethalometer (AE33) instruments collected between 2015 and 2021 at 13 (sub)urban sites as part of the French CARA (Chemical Characterization of Particles) program. The datasets contain the mass concentrations of major chemical species within submicron aerosols (PM1), namely organic aerosols (OAs), nitrate (NO3-), ammonium (NH4+), sulfate (SO42-), non-sea-salt chloride (Cl−), and equivalent black carbon (eBC). Rigorous quality control, technical validation, and environmental evaluation processes were applied, adhering to both guidance from the French Reference Laboratory for Air Quality Monitoring (LCSQA) and the Aerosol, Clouds, and Trace Gases Research Infrastructure (ACTRIS) standard operating procedures. Key findings include geographical differences in the aerosol chemical composition, seasonal variations, and diel patterns, which are influenced by meteorological conditions, anthropogenic activities, and proximity to emission sources. Overall, OA dominates PM1 at each site (43 %–60 % of total mass), showing distinct seasonality with higher concentrations (i) in winter, due to enhanced residential heating emissions, and (ii) in summer, due to increased photochemistry favoring secondary aerosol formation. NO3 is the second most important contributor to PM1 (15 %–30 %), peaking in late winter and early spring, especially in northern France, and playing a significant role during pollution episodes. SO4 (8 %–14 %) and eBC (5 %–11 %) complement the major fine-aerosol species, with their relative contributions strongly influenced by the origin of air masses and the stability of meteorological conditions, respectively. A comparison with the 3D chemical transport model (CTM) CHIMERE shows high correlations between simulations and measurements, albeit with an OA concentration underestimation of 46 %–76 %. Regional discrepancies in NO3 concentration levels emphasize the importance of these datasets with respect to validating air quality models and tailoring air pollution mitigation strategies. The datasets can be found at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13318298 (Chebaicheb et al., 2024).
River suspended-sand flux computation with uncertainty estimation using water samples and high-resolution ADCP measurements
Authors: Marggraf Jessica , Dramais Guillaume , Le Coz Jérôme , Calmel Blaise , Camenen Benoît , Topping David J. , Santini William , Pierrefeu Gilles , Lauters François
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Measuring suspended-sand fluxes in rivers remains a scientific challenge due to their high spatial and temporal variability. To capture the vertical and lateral gradients of concentration in the cross-section, measurements with point samples are performed. However, the uncertainty related to these measurements is rarely evaluated, as few studies of the major sources of error exist. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop a method to determine the cross-sectional sand flux and estimate its uncertainty. This SDC (for sand discharge computing) method combines suspended-sand concentrations from point samples with ADCP (acoustic Doppler current profiler) high-resolution depth and velocity measurements. The MAP (for multitransect averaged profile) method allows obtaining an average of several ADCP transects on a regular grid, including the unmeasured areas. The suspended-sand concentrations are integrated vertically by fitting a theoretical exponential suspended-sand profile to the data using Bayesian modeling. The lateral integration is based on the water depth as a proxy for the local bed shear stress to evaluate the bed concentration and sediment diffusion along the river cross-section. The estimation of uncertainty combines ISO standards and semi-empirical methods with a Bayesian approach to estimate the uncertainty due to the vertical integration. The new method is applied to data collected in four rivers under various hydro-sedimentary conditions: the Colorado, Rhône, Isère, and Amazon rivers, with computed flux uncertainties ranging between 18 % and 32 %. The relative difference between the suspended-sand flux in 21 cases calculated with the proposed SDC method compared to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 4363 standard method ranges between −40 % and +23 %. This method that comes with a flexible, open-source code is the first to propose an applicable uncertainty estimation that could be adapted to other flux computation methods.
The Global Forest Fire Emissions Prediction System version 1.0
Authors: Anderson Kerry , Chen Jack , Englefield Peter , Griffin Debora , Makar Paul A. , Thompson Dan
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The Global Forest Fire Emissions Prediction System (GFFEPS) is a model that estimates biomass burning in near-real time for global air quality forecasting. The model uses a bottom-up approach, based on remotely sensed hotspot locations, and global databases linking burned area per hotspot to ecosystem-type classification at a 1 km resolution. Unlike other global fire emissions models, GFFEPS provides dynamic estimates of fuel consumption, fire behaviour and fire growth based on the Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System, plant phenology as calculated from daily global weather and burned-area estimates using near-real-time Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) satellite-detected hotspots and historical burned-area statistics. Combining forecasts of daily fire weather and hourly meteorological conditions with a global land classification, GFFEPS produces fuel consumption and emission predictions in 3 h time steps (in contrast to non-dynamic models that use fixed consumption rates and require a collection of burned area to make post-burn estimates of emissions). GFFEPS has been designed for use in operational forecasting applications as well as historical simulations for which data are available. A study was conducted showing GFFEPS predictions through a 6-year period (2015–2020). Regional annual total smoke emissions, burned area and total fuel consumption per unit area as predicted by GFFEPS were generated to assess model performance over multiple years and regions. The model's fuel consumption per unit area results clearly distinguished regions dominated by grassland (Africa) from those dominated by forests (boreal regions) and showed high variability in regions affected by El Niño and deforestation. GFFEPS carbon emissions and burned area were then compared to other global wildfire emissions models, including the Global Fire Assimilation System (GFAS), the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED4.1s) and the Fire INventory from NCAR (FINN 1.5 and 2.5). GFFEPS estimated values lower than GFAS and GFED (80 % and 74 %) and had values similar to FINN 1.5 (97 %). This was largely due to the impact of fuel moisture on consumption rates as captured by the dynamic weather modelling. Model evaluation efforts to date are described – an ongoing effort is underway to further validate the model, with further developments and improvements expected in the future.
Unsupervised anomaly detection of permanent-magnet offshore wind generators through electrical and electromagnetic measurements
Authors: Dibaj Ali , Valavi Mostafa , Nejad Amir R.
Published: November 2024

Abstract. This paper investigates fault detection in offshore wind permanent-magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs) for demagnetization and eccentricity faults (both static and dynamic) at various severity levels. The study utilizes a high-speed PMSG model on the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) 5 MW reference offshore wind turbine at the rated wind speed to simulate healthy and faulty conditions. An unsupervised convolutional autoencoder (CAE) model, trained on simulated signals from the generator in its healthy state, serves for anomaly detection. The main aim of the paper is to evaluate the possibility of fault detection by means of high-resolution electrical and electromagnetic signals, given that the typically low-resolution standard measurements used in supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems of wind turbines often impede the early detection of incipient failures. Signals analyzed include three-phase currents, induced shaft voltage, electromagnetic torque, and magnetic flux (air gap and stray) from different directions and positions. The performance of CAE models is compared across time and frequency domains. Results show that in the time domain, stator three-phase currents effectively detect faults. In the frequency domain, stray flux measurements, positioned at the top, bottom, and sides of the outside of the stator housing, demonstrate superior performance in fault detection and sensitivity to fault severity levels. In particular, radial components of stray flux can successfully distinguish between eccentricity and demagnetization.
Effect of season on testicular morphometry and sperm production in adult guinea cocks
Authors:   School of Veterinary Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana, Atawalna Joseph , Kagya-Agyemang J. Kwame ,   College of Agriculture Education, Department of Animal Science Education, Akenten Appiah- Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development (AAMUSTED), Mampong-Ashanti, Ghana, Kwenin W.K. Jimah ,   College of Agriculture Education, Department of Animal Science Education, Akenten Appiah- Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development (AAMUSTED), Mampong-Ashanti, Ghana, Ayang A. Jacob ,   School of Veterinary Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
Published: November 2024

A study was conducted to investigate the effect of season on testicular morphometric parameters and sperm production in adult Guinea cocks. Five (5) Guinea cocks (GCs) were randomly selected from a group of thirty homogenous adult pearl Guinea cocks during the major rainy, minor rainy season, and dry seasons of the year. The selected GCs were humanely euthanized and used for determining testicular morphometric parameters, sperm reserve, and sperm production. The results of this study showed that the body weight of Guinea cocks (GCs) and testicular morphometric parameters were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the rainy season than in the dry season, while testicular weight and the gonado-somatic index (GSI) were similar. Sperm reserves and daily sperm production were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the rainy season than in the dry season. The study concluded that the season of the year affected the body weight of the Guinea cocks, testicular morphometric parameters, sperm reserve, and sperm production in adult Guinea cocks.
Zygomatic arch three-dimensional morphology of capuchin monkeys of the genus Cebus
Authors:   Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil, da Silva Jadir D. , Watanabe Luciane N.O. ,   Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil, Ferreira-Pileggi Beatriz C. ,   Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil, Botacin Paulo R. ,   Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brasil, Prado Felippe B. , Freire Alexandre R. ,   Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil
Published: November 2024

The zygomatic arch is an anatomical structure present in humans and monkey species. This study evaluated the three-dimensional morphology of the zygomatic arch of Cebus monkeys through microcomputed tomography scans. 13 dry skulls of Cebus apella from Southeastern Brazil were examined, 6 male and 7 female. The images were segmented in Mimics 18.0 (Materialise, NV, Belgium) software. Measurements were performed in Rhinoceros 5.0 (McNeel & Associates, Seattle, USA). With the transversal measurements, the zygomatic arch was classified as cylindrical (C), elliptical (E) or blade-like (Bl). Statistical analysis was performed by GraphPAD Prism v.8 software (San Diego, CA, USA) to compare measurements with types and sex. The Two-way ANOVA test with multiple comparisons using the Sidak test was employed to verify the relationship between sexes and types. The significance level was 5%. In males, there was an incidence on the left side of 25% of type E and 25% of type Bl and on the right side of 33% of type E and 17% of type Bl. In females, there was an incidence on the left side of 14% of type E and 36% of type Bl, and on the right side of 14% of type E and 36% of type Bl. The behavior of Cebus apella and its oral habits involving masticatory muscles may be related to the different shapes of the zygomatic arch found, as they have a direct relationship with this cranium structure.
Reorientación de la educación superior intercultural en México. Antecedentes y cuestionamientos
Authors: Garduño Everardo
Published: November 2024

En el 2020, el gobierno de México dio a conocer un documento de reorientación de la educación superior intercultural, en el que tomaba distancia del interculturalismo neoliberal de los gobiernos anteriores. En principio, los señalamientos en este documento están bien fundamentados y ampliamente documentados. No obstante, a partir de un ejercicio de análisis realizado en el proceso de creación de la primera universidad intercultural de la llamada Cuarta Transformación, la Universidad Intercultural de Baja California, el Grupo Académico Asesor y el Grupo Gestor de esta universidad hicimos algunos cuestionamientos a este documento. En este artículo se exponen cinco de los aspectos que en mi opinión son los más problemáticos: la relación que establece entre pluridiversidad y diversidad étnico-cultural y en esencia con la diversidad nacional-indígena, la cual a su vez es reducida a la diversidad lingüística y en la última de las instancias a los más pobres de México. Otros cuestionamientos se hacen desde la perspectiva del nomadismo como estilo de vida y como episteme, sobre la idea de que todos los indígenas viven en un tipo de comunidad mesoamericana y que las epistemologías indígenas se encuentran ancladas a esta.