bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Cerebral Perfusion on Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) MRI with Brain Volumetry and Cognitive Performance in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia due to Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Soman Shania , Raghavan Sheelakumari , Rajesh PG , Varma Ravi Prasad , Mohanan Nandini , Ramachandran Sushama S. , Thomas Bejoy , Kesavadas Chandrasekharan , Menon Ramshekhar N.
Published: April 2021

Context:

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurement using arterial spin labelling (ASL) MRI sequences has recently emerged as a prominent tool in dementia research.

Aims:

To establish association between quantified regional cerebral perfusion and gray matter (GM) volumes with cognitive measures in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early Alzheimer's Dementia (AD), using three dimensional fast spin echo pseudo-continuous ASL MRI sequences.

Settings and Design:

Hospital-based cross-sectional study.

Methods and Material:

Three age-matched groups, i.e., 21 cognitively normal healthy controls (HC), 20 MCI and 19 early AD patients diagnosed using neuropsychological tests and who consented for multimodality 3T MRI were recruited for the study.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Statistical parametric mapping and regions of interest (ROI) multivariate analysis of variance was used to ascertain differences between patients and controls on MRI-volumetry and ASL. Linear regression was used to assess relationship between CBF with GM atrophy and neuropsychological test measures.

Results:

Compared to HC, patients with MCI and AD had significantly lower quantified perfusion in posterior cingulate and lingual gyri, over hippocampus in MCI, with no differences noted between MCI and AD. Atrophy over the middle temporal gyrus and hippocampus differentiated AD from MCI. No significant positive correlations were noted between perfusion and GM volumes in ROI with the exception of temporal neocortex. Significantly positive coefficient b-value (p < 0.01) were apparent between global cognition with CBF in precuneus, temporal neocortex and precuneus volume, with negative b-values noted between medial temporal CBF for global cognition and recall scores.

Conclusions:

ROI-based CBF measurements differentiated MCI and AD from HC; volumetry of medial and neocortical temporal GM separates AD from MCI. Correlations between CBF and neuropsychology are variable and require further longitudinal studies to gauge its predictive utility on cognitive trajectory in MCI.
Study of the efficiency and safety of subconjunctival triamcinolone acetonide in macular edema
Authors: Taoufik Abdellaoui , Yassmine Chaoui , Yassine Malek , Yassine Mouzari , Fouad Elasri , Karim Reda , Abdelbarre Oubaaz
Published: April 2021

Purpose

To evaluate through a prospective study the efficiency and safety of triamcinolone in subconjunctival injection on macular edema (ME), in the short and medium term.

Patients and methods

All the patients included in the study underwent ophthalmologic examination and optic coherence tomography of the macula. The injection of 0.2–0.3 ml (8–12 mg) of triamcinolone was done in the subconjunctival space. We evaluated its efficiency by measuring the best-corrected visual acuity and the central macular thickness at 1, 3, and 6 months. Safety was evaluated by following up the intraocular pressure; the presence or absence of cataract and conjunctival complications at 1, 3, and 6 months; and the glycemic control.

Results

A total of 44 eyes (36 patients) were included. The overall best-corrected visual acuity and central macular thickness improved after injection. Overall, 67% of diabetic patients required reinjection at the third month. In the cases of inflammatory ME (uveitis and Irvine–Gass), the evolution has remained stable for 6 months after a single injection. No significant variation in intraocular pressure was noted after 1 month (P=0.38), after 3 months (P=0.20), or after 6 months (P=0.13). However, four patients developed ocular hypertension (10 mmHg or more above baseline), which has been well controlled with local monotherapy. Overall, 9.5% of phakic patients developed a cataract at the control of the sixth month. The change in glycated hemoglobin before and after the injection was not significant (P=0.84).

Conclusion

Subconjunctival triamcinolone acetonide seems to be an interesting and well-tolerated alternative therapy of ME in the short and medium term.
Evaluation of deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty for anterior corneal stromal pathology
Authors: Hashish Aya M. , Awad Eman A. , Sabry Dalia , El-Awady Hatem E. , El-Metwally Mohamed N.
Published: April 2021

Settings

This study was conducted in Mansoura Ophthalmic Center, Mansoura University, Egypt, during the period from January 2018 to January 2019.

Purpose

This study aimed to evaluate the visual outcomes, topographic features, endothelial cell densities (ECD), and complications of deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty using big-bubble technique (BB-DALK) in different corneal stromal pathologies.

Patients and methods

This was a prospective, interventional study that included 24 eyes of 24 patients having corneal stromal pathologies, not involving Descemet membrane (DM) and endothelium. The primary outcome measures were the clinical, visual, and topographic outcomes (uncorrected visual acuity, best-corrected visual acuity, K1, and K2) throughout the follow-up period, whereas the secondary outcome measures were the refractive outcomes, central corneal thickness, ECD, and intraoperative and postoperative complications.

Results

A total of 21 (87.5%) patients underwent uneventful BB-DALK, and three (12.5%) cases were complicated by intraoperative DM microperforation who developed DM detachment and double anterior chamber (AC) postoperatively. One of them resolved spontaneously and the other two cases required intracameral air injection. Uncorrected visual acuity improved from 1.55±0.26 (logarithm of minimum angle of resolution) preoperatively to 0.63±0.2 1 year postoperatively (P<0.001) and best-corrected visual acuity improved from 1.08±0.11 (logarithm of minimum angle of resolution) to 0.30±0.12 (P=0.017). Refractive cylinder improved from −7.79±1.75 to −2.85±2.01 at 12 months of follow-up (P=0.007). Average K reading changed from 60.00±7.77 preoperatively to 43.43±2.98 postoperatively (P<0.001). Total ECD was 2248.08±431.13 by the end of the first year, with a mean of 8.2% endothelial cell loss. Loosening of the sutures occurred in five (20.8%) eyes between third and sixth months postoperatively. Urrets-Zavalia syndrome occurred in one of the two cases who were complicated with postoperative double AC and required intracameral air injection.

Conclusions

BB-DALK is an effective and safe technique for treatment of different corneal stromal pathologies sparing endothelium and DM.
Influence of Demographic Factors on Nerve Ultrasound of Healthy Participants in a Multiethnic Asian Population
Authors: Tan Cheng-Yin , Razali Siti Nur Omaira , Goh Khean-Jin , Shahrizaila Nortina
Published: April 2021

Background:

High-resolution nerve ultrasound provides morphological information of peripheral nerves. We aimed to determine the normal ultrasonographic reference values of nerve cross-sectional area (CSA) in multiethnic Malaysian healthy participants.

Methods:

Nerve ultrasound of the median, ulnar, radial, tibial, fibular, and sural nerves was performed in 84 healthy participants at anatomical-defined locations. The CSA at each scanned site was measured by tracing circumferentially inside the hyperechoic rim of each nerve. Comparisons were made between genders and ethnic groups. Correlations with age, ethnicity, gender, height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) were evaluated.

Results:

CSA values and reference ranges in healthy participants were generated. Nerve CSA was significantly different in different gender (P = 0.002–0.032) and ethnic groups (P = 0.006–0.038). Men had larger nerve CSA than women, and Malay participants had larger nerve CSA compared to other ethnic groups. Nerve CSA had significant correlations to age, height, weight, and BMI (r = 0.220–0.349, P = 0.001–0.045).

Conclusion:

This study provides normative values for CSA of peripheral nerves in a multiethnic Malaysian population, which serves as reference values in the evaluation of peripheral nerve disorders. The ethnic differences in nerve CSA values should be considered during nerve ultrasound.
Mosquito Net Ownership, Utilization, and Preferences among Mobile and Migrant Populations Sleeping in Forests and Farms in Central Vietnam: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Canavati Sara E. , Kelly Gerard C. , Vo Thuan Huu , Tran Long Khanh , Ngo Thang Duc , Tran Duong Thanh , Edgel Kimberly A. , Martin Nicholas J.
Published: April 2021

Strengthening vector control measures among mobile and migrant populations (MMPs) is crucial to malaria elimination, particularly in areas with multidrug-resistant malaria. Although a global priority, providing access and ensuring high coverage of available tools such as long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) among these vulnerable groups remains a significant challenge. We assessed mosquito net ownership, utilization, and preference among individuals who slept in a forest and/or on a farm against those residing only in village “home” settings in a priority malaria elimination area of Vietnam. Proportions of respondents owning bed nets were similar among forest, farm, and home sleeping sites, ranging between 96% and 98%. The proportion of respondents owning hammock nets was higher for the forest group (92%), whereas ownership of hammocks in general was significantly lower for the home group (55%). Most respondents (97%) preferred to bring hammock nets to their remote sleeping site, whereas a smaller proportion (25%) also considered bed nets as an option. Respondent preferences included thick hammock nets with zippers (53%), hammocks with a flip cover (17%), and thin hammock nets with zippers (15%), with none choosing polyethylene (hard) LLINs. Although there is high coverage and access to nets for this high-priority MMP group, there was a noted gap between coverage and net use, potentially undermining the effectiveness of net-related interventions that could impact malaria prevention and elimination efforts in Vietnam. The design and material of nets are important factors for user preferences that appear to drive net use.
Impact of Testing on Sexually Transmitted Infections among Female Brothel Sex Workers in Bangladesh: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Islam Asad , Tan HongQi Alexis , Bristow Claire C. , Hasnain Md Golam , Smyth Russell , Wang Liang Choon
Published: April 2021

Past studies that have designed interventions to reduce the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have typically provided onsite treatment to sex workers who tested positive, which were expensive and difficult to implement. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an intervention which tested for STIs and provided information on the closest treatment facility on reducing the prevalence of STIs among female brothel-based sex workers (BSWs) in Bangladesh. The study adopted a pre–post interventional design as well as a randomized controlled study design. A baseline sample and follow-up urine sample were collected to evaluate the prevalence of STIs among participants in the treatment, but not control group. A baseline survey and interviews were also conducted for both the groups. The study found a nonsignificant reduction from baseline to follow-up in STI prevalence among intervention participants (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.38, 1.45). However, the participants in the intervention group were significantly more likely to have a repeat client (aOR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.12, 2.29) and nonsignificantly less likely to engage with a client suspected of having an STI (aOR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.39, 1.00) than participants in the control group. The intervention testing of STIs and providing information to the positive cases about nearest treatment facilities were not effective in reducing the prevalence of STIs among BSWs. Further study of the clinical and behavioral impacts of such efforts to reduce STIs among BSWs is warranted.
Laboratory and Field Evaluation of the Crystal VC-O1 Cholera Rapid Diagnostic Test
Authors: Debes Amanda K. , Murt Kelsey N. , Waswa Ethel , Githinji Gerald , Umuro Mamo , Mbogori Caroline , Roskosky Mellisa , Ram Malathi , Shaffer Allison , Sack David A. , Boru Waqo
Published: April 2021

Cholera is a severe acute, highly transmissible diarrheal disease which affects many low- and middle-income countries. Outbreaks of cholera are confirmed using microbiological culture, and additional cases during the outbreak are generally identified based on clinical case definitions, rather than laboratory confirmation. Many low-resource areas where cholera occurs lack the capacity to perform culture in an expeditious manner. A simple, reliable, and low-cost rapid diagnostic test (RDT) would improve identification of cases allowing rapid response to outbreaks. Several commercial RDTs are available for cholera testing with two lines to detect either serotypes O1 and O139; however, issues with sensitivity and specificity have not been optimal with these bivalent tests. Here, we report an evaluation of a new commercially available cholera dipstick test which detects only serotype O1. In both laboratory and field studies in Kenya, we demonstrate high sensitivity (97.5%), specificity (100%), and positive predictive value (100%) of this new RDT targeting only serogroup O1. This is the first field evaluation for the new Crystal VC-O1 RDT; however, with these high-performance metrics, this RDT could significantly improve cholera outbreak detection and improve surveillance for better understanding of cholera disease burden.
Case Report: A New Mycobacterium ulcerans Genotype Causing Buruli Ulcer in Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Bahadoran Philippe , Hammoudi Nassim , Gaudart Alice , Saad Jamal , Di Filippo Yoan , Drancourt Michel , Ruimy Raymond
Published: April 2021

Mycobacterium ulcerans, the opportunistic pathogen causing Buruli ulcer, is reported to affect rural populations in 36 tropical countries. We report one case of Buruli ulcer in a peri-urban area in Côte d’Ivoire, confirmed by whole genome sequencing which indicated a M. ulcerans genotype previously unreported in Côte d’Ivoire.
Rapid Screening for Non-falciparum Malaria in Elimination Settings Using Multiplex Antigen and Antibody Detection: Post Hoc Identification of Plasmodium malariae in an Infant in Haiti
Authors: van den Hoogen Lotus L. , Herman Camelia , Présumé Jacquelin , Romilus Ithamare , Existe Alexandre , Boncy Jacques , Joseph Vena , Stresman Gillian , Tetteh Kevin K. A. , Drakeley Chris , Chang Michelle A. , Lemoine Jean F. , Eisele Thomas P. , Rogier Eric , Ashton Ruth A.
Published: April 2021

Haiti is targeting malaria elimination by 2025. The Grand’Anse department in southwestern Haiti experiences one-third to half of all nationally reported Plasmodium falciparum cases. Although there are historical reports of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium malariae, today, non-falciparum infections would remain undetected because of extensive use of falciparum-specific histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2) rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) at health facilities. A recent case–control study was conducted in Grand’Anse to identify risk factors for P. falciparum infection using HRP2-based RDTs (n = 1,107). Post hoc multiplex Plasmodium antigenemia and antibody (IgG) detection by multiplex bead assay revealed one blood sample positive for pan-Plasmodium aldolase, negative for P. falciparum HRP2, and positive for IgG antibodies to P. malariae. Based on this finding, we selected 52 samples with possible P. malariae infection using IgG and antigenemia data and confirmed infection status by species-specific PCR. We confirmed one P. malariae infection in a 6-month-old infant without travel history. Congenital P. malariae could not be excluded. However, our finding—in combination with historical reports of P. malariae—warrants further investigation into the presence and possible extent of non-falciparum malaria in Haiti. Furthermore, we showed the use of multiplex Plasmodium antigen and IgG detection in selecting samples of interest for subsequent PCR analysis, thereby reducing costs as opposed to testing all available samples by PCR. This is of specific use in low-transmission or eliminating settings where infections are rare.
UNEP ve Tiflis Bildirgesi’nin Amaç ve Hedeflerine Göre Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Öğretim Programının İncelenmesi
Authors: DILEK Merve , GOKCE Nazli
Published: April 2021

Çevre konuları, ülke sınırlarını aşarak tüm insanlığın ortak ortaklaşa geliştirilmektedir. Bu tür sorunlara çözüm bulabilmek için uluslararası toplantılar yapılmakta ve tüm ülkeleri bağlayan ortak kararlar alınmaktadır. Dünyada çevre ile ilgili konuların ele alınan ilk büyük toplantı 1972 yılında yapılan Stockholm Konferansı olmuştur. Konferansın ardından 1975 yılında Birleşmiş Milletler Çevre Programı (UNEP) kurulmuş ve Birleşmiş Milletler Eğitim, Bilim ve Kültür Örgütü (UNESCO) içinde Uluslararası Çevre Eğitim Programı (IEEP) başlatılmıştır. 1977 yılında Tiflis'de yapılan hükümetler arası konferansta ise çevre eğitimi konusunda uluslararası işbirliğinin gereğine işaretlenebilir UNESCO ve UNEP'in girişimlerinin tüm uluslararası toplumu kapsayacak şekilde genişletilmesi kabul edilmiştir. Bu belgelerde ulusal ve uluslararası çevre eğitiminin geniş çerçevesiyle birlikte nitelikleri, amaçları ve pedagojik esasları belirtilmiş, bunlar da ülke çevre eğitim programlarına kaynaklık yapılacak. Türkiye'de çevre eğitimi önemli derslerden biri sosyal bilgilerdir. Bu bilgi 2018 Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Öğretim Programının UNEP ve Tiflis Bildirgesi hedeflerine göre analiz edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu uluslararası belgelerin amaç ve hedeflerinin sosyal bilgiler dersi programına nasıl yansıdığı projelendirmeye çalışılmıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemi ve analizine göre araştırmada elde edilen verileri analiz etmek için çözümlenmiştir. Tiflis Bildirgesi ile UNEP'in amaç ve hedeflerinin sosyal bilgiler dersi çözme perspektifine, özel amaçlarına,
Development of Short-term Flood Forecast Using ARIMA
Authors: Wong Wei Ming , Lee Mohamad Yusry , Azman Amierul Syazrul , Rose Lew Ai Fen
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study is to use the Box-Jenkins method to build a flood forecast model by analysing real-time flood parameters for Pengkalan Rama, Melaka river, hereafter known as Sungai Melaka. The time series was tested for stationarity using the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and differencing method to render a non-stationary time series stationary from 1 July 2020 at 12:00am to 30th July 2020. A utocorrelation (ACF) and partial autocorrelation (PACF) functions was measured and observed using visual observation to identify the suitable model for water level time series. The parameter Akaike Information Information Criterion (AIC) and the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) were used to find the best ARIMA model (BIC). ARIMA (2, 1, 3) was the best ARIMA model for the Pengkalan Rama, with an AIC of 5653.7004 and a BIC of 5695.209. The ARIMA (2, 1, 3) model was used to produce a lead forecast of up to 7 hours for the time series. The model's accuracy was tested by comparing the original and forecast sequences by using Pearson r and R squared. The ARIMA model appears to be adequate for Sungai Melaka, according to the findings of this study. Finally, the ARIMA model provides an appropriate short-term water level forecast with a lead forecast of up to 7 hours. As a result, the ARIMA model is undeniably ideal for river flooding.
Experience of our clinic in intrauterine insemination cycles made with microfluidic sperm sorting chips
Authors: Sipahi Mehmet , Alanya Tosun Şebnem , Tutar Sadettin Oguzhan
Published: April 2021

Objective: Determination of the clinical pregnancy rate in intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles performed with microfluidic sperm sorting chips.

Material and Methods: In Giresun University Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital Infertility Clinic, 133 patients who underwent IUI after ovarian stimulation with gonadotropins in unexplained infertility, mild to moderate male factor, ovulatory dysfunction, mild endometriosis were retrospectively analyzed between January 2016-January 2020. Microfluidic sperm sorting chip was used for sperm preparation.

Results: The number of cycles was found to be 133. Mean female age was; 29.9±4.7 years, mean total motile sperm count was; 72.9±63.7 million, mean antral follicle count was; 18.1±10.1, the mean total gonadotropin dose used was 897.6±366 IU. Considering the causes of infertility; 54.1% unexplained, 8.3% mild male factor, 31.6% polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and 6% endometriosis. The clinical pregnancy rate was found to be 19.5% (26/133).

Conclusion: Microfluidic sperm sorting chips provide an increase in clinical pregnancy rates compared to conventional methods in IUI cycles and allow for a practical and rapid sperm preparation.

Key Words: IUI, microfluidic sperm sorting chip, clinical pregnancy rate.
La vulnerabilidad intencionada durante la dictadura en Chile, en las novelas La literatura nazi en América, Estrella distante y Nocturno de Chile de Roberto Bolaño
Authors: García Castillo Diana Elena
Published: April 2021

Las novelas La literatura nazi en América, Estrella distante y Nocturno de Chile del escritor Roberto Bolaño vislumbran que la vulnerabilidad de algunos personajes es un asunto intencionado y de interdependencia que se despliega en secuestro, tortura, asesinato y desaparición forzada a consecuencia de una subjetivación que sale de la norma que establece el poder de Estado neoliberal. Apoyo mis aseveraciones en la noción de vulnerabilidad e interdependencia que desarrolla Judith Butler; en el planteamiento de Adriana Fuentes sobre subjetividad; y en la propuesta de David Harvey acerca del neoliberalismo. El objetivo es mostrar cómo estas narrativas de Roberto Bolaño dialogan con personajes vulnerables que fueron aniquilados sistemáticamente a causa de una ideología política discrepante con los principios neoliberales. Mediante las reflexiones del artículo llego a la conclusión de que la postura de Bolaño al escribir sobre los personajes disidentes políticos es la de visibilizarlos como cuerpos que importan.
Некоторые процессуальные вопросы исполнения мер пресечения в виде запрета определенных действий, домашнего ареста и залога в деятельности уголовно-исполнительных инспекций
Authors: Колпакова Людмила А.
Published: April 2021

Введение: статья посвящена анализу процессуальных проблем в деятельности уголовно-исполнительных инспекций в связи с осуществлением контроля за подозреваемыми и обвиняемыми при исполнении мер пресечения в виде домашнего ареста, залога, запрета определенных действий. Цель: на основе обобщения судебной практики, деятельности уголовно-исполнительных инспекций выявить закономерности и процессуальные проблемы, возникающие при реализации отдельных мер принуждения, в рамках исполнения которых уголовно-исполнительные инспекции компетентны осуществлять контроль, а также выработать предложения по устранению правовых пробелов и дать рекомендации организационно-процессуального характера. Методы: применялись общенаучные (формальной и диалектической логики, системного анализа, интерпретации) и частнонаучные методы (историкоправовой, сравнительно-правовой, формально-догматический и метод толкования правовых норм). Результаты: в ходе анализа отечественной и зарубежной юридической практики в сфере избрания и исполнения мер пресечения в виде домашнего ареста, залога, запрета определенных действий выявлены некоторые закономерности и правовые пробелы, требующие законотворческих решений, а также сложности с интерпретацией соответствующих правовых норм и судебных решений в деятельности уголовно-исполнительных инспекций, выдвинуты предложения по преодолению выявленных проблем. Выводы: назначение и исполнение мер пресечения в виде домашнего ареста, запрета определенных действий, залога согласуются с нормами международного права, решениями Европейского суда по правам человека; контрольные функции в отношении подследственных при этом отнесены к компетенции уголовно-исполнительных инспекций, испытывающих затруднения в связи с непроработанностью отдельных механизмов реализации указанных мер принуждения; решение выявленных проблем видится в восполнении правовых пробелов в части некоторых процессуальных полномочий уголовно-исполнительных инспекций и совершенствовании судебной практики в плане достаточной конкретизации судебных решений и четкого выполнения требований законности Ключевые слова: домашний арест; запрет определенных действий; залог; уголовно-исполнительные инспекции; контроль; меры пресечения; судебные решения
Исследование жизнестойкости осужденных, отбывающих пожизненное лишение свободы в исправительной колонии особого режима
Authors: Корнилова Татьяна В. , Поздняков Вячеслав М. , Баламут Александр Н.
Published: April 2021

Введение: в статье подтверждена конструктивность опоры в исследовании жизнестойкости у осужденных к пожизненному лишению свободы на концепцию американского психолога С. Мадди, в рамках которой обоснован трехкомпонентный конструкт данного феномена и разработана методика его изучения, валидность и надежность которой также подтверждена как при первичной адаптации в научной группе Д. А. Леонтьева, так и в рамках многочисленных исследований отечественных психологов, в том числе на выборках осужденных. Цель: разобраться в причинах контрастности выводов, делаемых по осужденным пожизненно, а также выявить их уровень жизнестойкости и мотивации к просоциальной жизни на свободе на основе проведенного в 2020 г. на базе ФКУ ИК-5 УФСИН России по Вологодской области среди спецконтингента комплексного исследования. Методы: для изучения трансформации личности у осужденных-пожизненников на выборке из 46 лиц мужского пола (в возрасте от 28 до 64 лет, срок нахождения в колонии от 8 до 26 лет) были применены «Тест жизнестойкости», полуструктурированное интервью, а также эссе – рефлексивные самоотчеты спецконтингента о трудностях, возникающих в условиях исправительного учреждения. Результаты: выявлено, что высокий уровень общей жизнестойкости имеет лишь каждый десятый осужденный (10,9 %), а низкий уровень наблюдается у каждого четвертого (23,9 %). Среди компонентов жизнестойкости у обследованных наиболее низки значения по шкалам «принятие риска» и «вовлеченность» (низкий уровень соответственно у 37 и 30,4 %). Несколько более лучшие показатели по шкале «контроль» (низкий уровень у 26,1%), как показали данные интервью и эссе, связаны с влиянием жестких режимных условий отбывания наказания. Выводы: на основе всех результатов исследования, в том числе по особенностям доминирующих у осужденных-пожизнеников переживаний и мотивации к просоциальной жизни на свободе, обоснованы критерии оценки их психологической готовности к УДО и необходимость атропосоразмерного обращения со спецконтингентом с разным уровнем субъектной активности.

Ключевые слова: жизнестойкость; осужденные к пожизненному лишению свободы; вовлеченность; контроль; принятие риска; исправительные учреждения; наказание в виде лишения свободы; условно-досрочное освобождение пожизненно осужденных; личностные особенности осужденных к пожизненному лишению свободы.
THE CONSEQUENCE OF PARTNER RELATIONSHIP QUALITY TO PREDICT THE SUCCESSFUL PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMES) INTERNATIONAL JOINT VENTURES (IJVS) IN THAILAND INDUSTRIAL SECTORS
Authors:   Thonburi University, Bangkok, Thailand., Wadeecharoen Wanida
Published: April 2021

Purpose:This study highlighted the importance of partner relationship quality captured by bonding, empathy, reciprocity and trust in SME IJV firms. Despite, there has been no systematic analysis has found in the literature regarding partnership quality in terms of relationship marketing (RM) and its effect on IJV business performance across several Thailand’s industrial sectors.. Methodology/Sampling: By systematic random sampling, 835 questionnaires were distributed and 341 (42%) usable cases were returned for the final analysis. The study examines the direct and indirect effect of partner relationship quality and its consequence on SME IJV in Thailand across several industrial sectors. Findings: The results of the study confirmed the significant important of partner relationship quality represented by bonding, empathy, reciprocity and trust have fully mediated the relationship between MO and SME IJV performance. Practical Implications: Based on this finding, partner relationship quality is implicit to be important predictors to determine the success of SME IJV in Thailand.
CAN SME EXCHANGE REALLY PLAY A VITAL ROLE IN ACCELERATING START-UP GROWTH?
Authors:   Venture Nursery, India., Sharma Apoorv Ranjan
Published: April 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to understand whether SME Exchange can really play a vital role in accelerating small and medium enterprises (SME’s) and Start-ups growth. Can it create an effective alternative source of funding for Incumbent SME’s who are facing problems of fundraising due to weak debt market and non-availability of public market for small and medium size ventures?. Methodology/Sampling: Structured interview were conducted with cofounders of SME’s and start-ups who have raised capital from SME Exchange or likely to raise capital. Findings: SME’s are finding SME Exchange a cost-effective alternative to raise capital from public market. Bank loan and private equity / Venture capital investments have their own limitation. Practical Implications: SME Exchange can visibly impact the fundraising alternative for SME’s and start-ups and therefore impact the overall growth of SME’s.
LEADERSHIP STYLE AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN TRANSFORMATIONAL AND TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP STYLES
Authors:   Institute of Business & Technology, Karachi., Tahir Hammad
Published: April 2021

Purpose: This study has been conducted with objective to investigate the various leadership characteristics of Transformational and Transactional Leadership and then to empirically analyze the effect of each type of leadership on the organizational performance. Methodology/Sampling: This study considers a sample of 800 respondents has been interviewed to collect the required information. The sample includes employees at tactical and operational management in corporate sector. Factor analysis which has been applied to determine the key characteristics of each type of leadership, thereafter the OLS estimation has been applied to test the hypotheses of the study. Findings: The study concludes that the Charismatic Action, Intellectual Stimulation, Inspiration Motivation, Encouragement for High Morale characteristics of Transformational Leadership has significant positive effect on the Organizational Performance. In regard of the Transformational Leadership the further concludes that the Individual Consideration act of Transformational Leadership does not has significant effect on the Organizational Performance. A final conclusion based on the empirical analysis is that Transformational Leadership has significant positive effect on Organizational Performance, whereas, the Transactional Leadership has significant negative effect on the organizational Leadership. Practical Implications: This study provides empirical evidences that the Transformational Leadership is the most effective leadership in organizational performance. The key success factors or characteristics for a transformational leadership are Charismatic Action, Intellectual Stimulation, Inspiration Motivation, and Encouragement for High Morale characteristics of Transformational Leadership.
Mobilidade urbana por bicicleta em teresina: Contribuições teóricas e projetuais para um plano diretor intervencionista
Authors: Da Silva Raquel Feitosa Carvalho
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho apresenta um Plano de Mobilidade Ciclística para Teresina (Piauí), e tem como foco a elaboração de diretrizes intervencionistas para manutenção, requalificação e ampliação da infraestrutura cicloviária da cidade. Partindo do entendimento de que a saturação dos padrões urbanos de deslocamento significa retrocesso da cidade, a implantação dessa rede representaria a melhoria da qualidade de vida das pessoas a partir de uma potencial opção de circulação urbana sustentável. Com propostas sob formato de plano, o trabalho apresenta através de mapeamentos georeferenciados de que forma essa nova rede será inserida na malha urbana, como satisfará as necessidades de origem/destino, prevê a integração com os sistemas de transporte coletivo, caracteriza a rede proposta de acordo com o tipo de via ciclável prevista, e a hierarquiza em função da prioridade de implantação de cada ramal na malha viária. Trata também da arborização urbana, do mobiliário e dos equipamentos de apoio a serem inseridos na rede para viabilizar o uso da bicicleta nas adversidades do clima quente da cidade. Desta forma, o presente trabalho se coloca enquanto possibilidade na busca por uma Teresina mais inclusiva e equitativa, tendo a bicicleta como instrumento de transformação da realidade eminentemente caótica dos transportes motorizados privados.
Agrotóxicos e o trabalhador rural: reflexões necessárias pelo prisma do movimento ciência, tecnologia e sociedade
Authors: Genovese Cinthia Leticia de Carvalho Roversi , Araújo Michell Pedruzzi Mendes , Genovese Luiz Gonzaga Roversi , De Oliveira Laysla Caroline Rosa , De Oliveira Ângelo Antônio Santos
Published: April 2021

Com o intento de discutir o uso excessivo de agrotóxicos em nosso país, neste trabalho é analisado um recorte de um relato de vivência com agrotóxicos de um ex-trabalhador rural. A partir dessa análise, apresentam-se dois objetivos. O primeiro é contextualizar o trabalhador rural e sua ruralidade característica à imposição do capitalismo, frente à obrigatoriedade de utilizar agrotóxicos em suas lavouras (ou como empregado rural de proprietários de terras), a fim de obterem significativa produção de alimentos para sua própria subsistência e também como fonte de renda. O segundo objetivo é refletir a respeito    do papel da ciência e da tecnologia em nossa sociedade, corroborando com propostas curriculares para o Ensino de Ciências, sob a perspectiva do Movimento/Enfoque CTS (Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade), por meio do estudo de questões sociocientíficas. O relato do entrevistado demonstrou o alto grau de risco à saúde a que estão submetidos os trabalhadores rurais que utilizam agrotóxicos, tanto pela falta de orientações quanto ao manuseio do produto, quanto à própria toxidade elevada que possuem.
Obtenção de revestimento à base de Mn e Co por dip-coating sobre aço inoxidável ferrítico
Authors: Bervian Alexander , Korb Matias de Angelis , Ludwig Gustavo Alberto , Malfatti Célia de Fraga
Published: April 2021

Estudos vêm sendo desenvolvidos para melhorar a resistência à oxidação em temperaturas elevadas do aço inoxidável ferrítico, os quais têm sido propostos para fabricação de interconectores de células a combustível do tipo óxido sólido de temperatura intermediária (IT-SOFC). Dentre os revestimentos empregados, os revestimentos cerâmicos de óxidos do tipo espinélio têm sido os mais aplicados. Nesse contexto, no presente trabalho foram obtidos revestimentos à base de Mn e Co sobre aço inoxidável ferrítico (AISI 430), utilizando a técnica de dip-coating. Os filmes obtidos foram caracterizados quanto à morfologia por MEV e quanto à composição elementar por EDS. Foi possível obter do revestimento à base de Mn e Co continuo e aderente sobre o substrato metálico.
Análise da fotoatividade de fibras de tio2 observadas através da descoloração do corante alaranjado de metila
Authors: Da Silva Luana Góes Soares , Alves Annelise Kopp
Published: April 2021

O alaranjado de metila é um corante aniônico pertencente ao grupo dos azocorantes, muito empregado em ensaios de fotocatálise heterogênea. Sua utilização adquiriu relevância, devido ao fato dos corantes sintéticos, mais especificamente os corantes azo serem os contaminantes responsáveis por aproximadamente 10-20% da poluição dos efluentes. Estes resíduos podem gerar subprodutos perigosos resultantes da oxidação, hidrólise ou outras reações químicas. A sua elevada estabilidade química, dificulta a ação de tratamentos convencionais na purificação de águas contaminadas. A utilização da fotocatálise heterogênea se insere dentro deste contexto, pois além de ser um tratamento eficiente para a diminuição da toxicidade de águas superficiais contaminadas também não polui o meio ambiente com a geração de subprodutos. Neste processo, radicais hidroxila são gerados através da excitação de semicondutores, constantemente expostos a luz solar ou artificial. Na fotocatálise heterogênea a excitação do semicondutor ocorre através da absorção de fótons, com energia maior ou igual a energia de band gap, ocasionando a promoção do elétron da banda de valência (BV) para a banda de condução (BC), gerando assim o par elétron/lacuna. Dentre os vários semicondutores empregados como fotocatalisadores, o mais comumente utilizado na degradação/mineralização de poluentes orgânicos é o TiO2. Fotocatalisadores são sólidos semicondutores que se caracterizam por converterem a energia contida em fótons (luz) em energia eletroquímica disponível em um sistema químico, tanto para oxidação, como para a redução de compostos ou espécies químicas (íons). Diversas moléculas se mostraram capazes de promover a fotocatálise, entre elas o ZnO e o TiO2. O dióxido de titânio é um semicondutor do tipo n que possui três formas alotrópicas, anatase, brookita e rutilo. É utilizado comercialmente como um material para conferir opacidade às tintas, cosméticos, plásticos e papéis. A presente proposta, tem como objetivo a síntese de nanoestruturas de TiO2 através da técnica de electrospinning, utilizando polivinilpirrolidona e tetraisisopropóxido de titânio como reagentes precursores. Após a síntese das fibras, o material obtido foi tratado termicamente em diferentes temperaturas para análise microestrutural através da microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), das fases presentes através da difração de raios X (DRX), da energia de band gap por espectroscopia de reflectância difusa (ERD) e a atividade fotocatalítica. Acompanhou-se a degradação do corante alaranjado de metila em presença das fibras de dióxido de titânio sob iluminação UV-A. Observou-se que a formação e a presença majoritária da fase anatase é um fator fundamental para a maior atividade fotocatalítica das fibras nanoestruturadas de TiO2.
Automação em urinálise e microbiologia: determinação de valores de corte para detecção de infecção de trato urinário
Authors: Pichutti Guilherme Augusto , De Avó Lucimar Retto da Silva , Germano Carla MR
Published: April 2021

A infecção do trato urinário (ITU) é na prática clínica ambulatorial a segunda mais comum e no ambiente hospitalar, a primeira. Para o seu correto diagnóstico é imprescindível a correlação com a história clínica, exame físico e exames laboratoriais. O exame padrão ouro no diagnóstico é a urocultura, que é um teste que demanda de 24 a 48 horas para obtenção de resultado, além de ser dispendioso para o laboratório. Com a introdução da automação na urinálise, aumentou-se o interesse em utilizar esse exame para triar casos de ITU e assim reduzir o número de uroculturas necessárias. As amostras deste estudo foram obtidas em parceria com o laboratório de análises clínicas da Unimed São Carlos-SP (UNILAB). As amostras foram processadas pelos aparelhos Urisys 2400 e UF1000i e semeadas em cultura. Foram avaliadas 108 amostras de urina e determinadas relações entre valores de bactérias e urocultura em adultos acima de 40 anos e idosos. Observamos que houve relação entre o número de bactérias e urocultura positiva, com p<0,0001, mantendo significância estatística. Concluímos que a relação entre o número de bactérias e a positividade na urocultura permite definir valores de corte para realização de uroculturas na faixa etária estudada.
Os “Boomwhackers®” e a música compartilhada e arremessada
Authors: Kuhlmannn Uirá Abondanza
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo visa apresentar uma proposta de jogo musical para uma educação musical seguindo uma linha de pesquisa na sala de aula e fruto do resultado das práticas a partir dos métodos ativos. A pesquisa apresentará um jogo e o seu desafio na construção de uma peça musical, a escuta e a integração dos alunos na sala de aula eliminando a teoria da música e exigências de caráter técnico. Um jogo que utiliza os tubos percutidos melódicos denominados de “Boomwhackers®” trazendo resultados sonoros eficientes a partir da simples condução de dinâmicas, seus comandos e desdobramentos.
Produção, apropriação e reflexão sobre a difundida música não convencional: uma abordagem objetiva e pratica sobre a “Computer Music”
Authors: Ieger Eddy Wilton , Ventura Lucas Daniel Vieira , Sumigawa Luciana T. , Kleber Magali Oliveira
Published: April 2021

Este relato descreve aspectos da nossa trajetória como bolsista do PIBID edital Nº 058/2014, que relata nossa atuação até o presente momento (2014) na Colégio Estadual Antônio de Moraes Barros, situado na periferia urbana de Londrina, Paraná. Nossa proposta se aplica com alunos de oitavo e nono ano do Ensino Fundamental, mas podendo também ser aplicada no Ensino Médio. No intuito de induzir uma reflexão entre a composição musical tradicional e a Computer Music3, oferecendo questionamentos a respeito da composição musical tradicional e a música computacional, estimulando questionamentos sobre diferentes estéticas musicais.
Solitary intrascrotal neurofibroma in a child: A case report
Authors: Jaber Ghadir , Gupta Vipul , Javaid Usman , Mohammed Diary , AlMarzouqi Mamoun
Published: April 2021

Background: Neurofibroma (NF) remains a rare entity among various scrotal masses in the pediatric age group. We report a case of solitary intrascrotal extra testicular plexiform neurofibroma in a 6-year-old child with the clinical management of this rare entity and review of the literature.  
Case Summary: A 6-year-old male presented with incidentally noticed intrascrotal swelling. Clinical examination confirmed the presence of solitary intrascrotal swelling with normal testis. Radiological imaging showed the presence of a hypoechoic mass in the left hemiscrotum with normal both testes. Surgical exploration showed the presence of unencapsulated soft tissue mass and histopathological examination (HPE) confirmed the diagnosis of plexiform neurofibroma. Thorough evaluation ruled out features of neurofibromatosis 1 thus confirming the diagnosis of solitary intrascrotal extratesticular plexiform neurofibroma. Complete surgical excision resulted in satisfactory recovery with no recurrence on follow-up
Conclusion: Neurofibroma although rare should be considered as a differential in the diagnosis of an intrascrotal mass in the pediatric age group. The benign nature of the lesion and extratesticular origin usually makes testis sparing surgical excision feasible which remains the treatment of choice with excellent prognosis and minimal chances of recurrence. A thorough histopathological examination is mandatory to rule out neurofibromatosis.
Automatic planning of paediatric craniofacial deformities: new virtual facial-symmetry operative detection
Authors: Mannelli Giuditta , Marzola Antonio , Buonamici Francesco , Volpe Yari , Uccheddu Francesca , Spinelli Giuseppe
Published: April 2021

Background: The correction of craniofacial deformities is an ongoing challenge in maxillofacial surgery. However, conventional measurement methods for treatment planning are not appropriate for craniofacial surgery. Computer-assisted approaches can improve surgical outcomes. A new, non-invasive, patient-specific automatic method, proposed here, has been tested for assisting the surgeon in preoperative planning.
Case Presentation: In the case reported, the described method allows effective surgery planning that led to a significant decrease in asymmetries in the orbital region.
Conclusion: The multidisciplinary collaborative approach is a central element for the construction of effective personalized procedures and for the conception of new surgical approaches. The here proposed technology offers a good level of feasibility and has an achievable potential for breakthroughs in the improvement of facial deformities surgical treatment, thus representing an overwhelmingly useful tool in a clinical setting.
Metodologías activas en el área de inglés. Propuesta didáctica: The beach
Authors: Alonso Jose María Rabal , Cano Andrea Ganga , Zárate Marta Bermejo
Published: April 2021

Este trabajo de investigación consiste en una secuencia de enseñanza dirigida a alumnos y alumnas de un aula de 5 años. La temática principal de este será la playa, pero incluida dentro del área de inglés. El objetivo más importante que queremos conseguir es potenciar el conocimiento de esta materia a través de un tema motivador e interesante para propio alumnado, por tanto, será de gran interés para ellos y la puesta en práctica les producirá un alto grado de motivación y les incitará a participar. Además, es un tópico bastante cercano y familiar para niños de edades tempranas, ya que es un medio de escape recurrente para las personas cuando les interesa deshacerse del estrés y la planificación rutinaria.

Para colmo, es un tema que nos ayudará a trabajar diversas partes del currículo del segundo ciclo de Educación Infantil, no solo el apartado de lengua extranjera, por lo que diríamos que es globalizador. La secuencia contará con seis sesiones y la evaluación de esta será la creación de una “final task” o tarea final donde quedarán reflejados todos los contenidos tratados en esta unidad.
Covid-19 and Universities in Latin America
Authors: Rios-Campos Carlos , Campos Pilar Rios , Delgado Freddy Camacho , Ramírez Italo Maldonado , Hubeck Juan Avalos , Fernández Cristian Jurado , Vega Yajaira Carrasco , Méndez Mélida Campoverde
Published: April 2021

It is necessary to know the state of the Universities in Latin America. The general objective was raised, to analyze the situation of Covid-19 and Universities in Latin America, considering different aspects. Methodology, the research presents a qualitative-interpretative design, documentary type, 30 documents have been selected, carried out in the period 2020 - 2021; including: scientific articles, review articles and information from websites of recognized organizations. The keywords used in the searches were: Covid-19, Latin America, universities in Latin America and Covid-19 universities in Latin America. Results, COVID-19 is keeping children and adolescents around the world out of schools and universities. Conclusions, the teachers and students of Latin American universities make permanent efforts to continue their academic and research activities. COVID-19 has exposed the shortcomings in terms of infrastructure and mastery of ICTs.
Existence of solutions for a nonlinear elasticity equation
Authors: Gutiérrez Milton M. Cortez , Gutiérrez Hernan O. Cortez , Rivera Girady I. Cortez Fuentes Rivera , Rivera Liv J. Cortez Fuentes , Vallejo Deolinda E. Fuentes Rivera
Published: April 2021

Exists some applications for nonlinear elasticity such as was given a Landau theory for elastic non-linearity in biopolymer gels or Peyrard-Bishop model for DNA elasticity. Nonlinear functional analysis techniques are used. We analyze the local existence of solutions of the nonlinear elasticity equation with initial data and boundary condition.
Student Mobility Program in BINE's Bachelor's Degree in Special Education
Authors: Hernández Luis Ricardo Ramos , Barrera Sibiú Sánchez , Jonapá Francisco Javier Saucedo , Sánchez Adrián Cortés
Published: April 2021

The BINE mobility program has been generating exchange and student mobility experiences since 2010. In the first instance through the Young Teacher Exchange Programme, and subsequently with other teacher training institutions of the DGESPE.  The present study considers the following dimensions of the instrument shared by the BINE Mobility Program: Perception of the achievement of the traits of the graduate profile, perception of the subjects taken, general evaluation of the experience, and enrichment comments. The mobility program not only aims at academic improvement but also offers opportunities for future teachers to strengthen their autonomy and become better citizens. The aim of the program in the future should be to move from individual enrichment to genuine institutional development.