AGE specifics OF BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTORS IN THE POPULATION OF KUZBASS
Authors:   Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russia, Tsygankova Daria , Maksimov Sergey ,   National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia, Kurakin Mikhail ,   Kemerovo State University, Kemerovo, Russia, Kostina Natalia ,   Kemerovo State University, Kemerovo, Russia, Kotova Marina ,   National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia, Nakhratova Olga ,   Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russia, Bazdyrev Evgeny ,   Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russia, Artamonova Galina ,   Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russia
Published: October 2024

Significance. Studying prevalence of behavioral risk factors, especially at the population level, is extremely relevant for public health and disease prevention. However, it is clear that prevention programs require different approaches for different age groups. The purpose of the study is to analyze age-specifics of behavioral risk factors in the population of Kuzbass. Material and methods. The study sample was formed based on the results of two epidemiological studies conducted in the Kemerovo region. Primary monitoring was carried out in 2015-2017 among 1270 men and women aged 35-70 (random sample). The sample of young people was formed based on the study of individual and contextual conditions for developing behavioral risk factors among students at the Institute of Food Science and Technologies of the Kemerovo State University. The study was conducted in 2022 among 626 students; a non-random sampling method was used to form the sample. Data on smoking, alcohol consumption and physical activity were collected through interviews. The level of physical activity in the adult sample was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and in the sample of people aged 18-29 - using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). Statistical calculations were performed in SPSS version 22 (IBM Corp. USA). The critical level of statistical significance was taken to be 0.05. Results. The proportion of young people who smoked equaled to 35.1% and was 2.4 time higher than the proportion of smokers aged 60 and older, and 1.4 time higher than those aged 40-59 (p <0.001). Respondents aged 40-59 most often gave up smoking (23.2%, p<0.001). People in the middle and older age groups smoked exclusively traditional cigarettes (99.1% and 100.0%, respectively); while among young people, this figure was only 37.8%. The majority of young people preferred to use electronic cigarettes (68.4%), while people aged 40-59 only mentioned them as an option in 6.5% of cases. Persons aged 18-29 were 1.2 times more likely to consume alcohol on a regular basis than respondents aged 40-59 and 2.1 times more likely than people aged 60 and older. Episodic alcohol consumption, as well as complete abstinence was typical of persons aged 60 and older. In the age group of 18-29 years, 75.9% of those surveyed drank beer; in the group of 40-59 years, this figure decreased 1.2 times, while in the group of 60+ it decreased 1.9 times (p<0.001). Wine consumption had a similar trend: with age there was a decrease of 1.4 times and 1.6 times, respectively. The average MET/week was higher in the age group of 40-59 years and exceeded that in people aged 60 and older 1.4 times, and in people 18-29 years - 1.7 times (p<0.001). The share of working physical activity is also higher in people of the middle and older age groups. Transport and recreational physical activity is more typical of respondents aged 18-29. Conclusion. Behavioral risk factors (tobacco and alcohol consumption, physical activity patterns) have a number of age and gender characteristics that should be taken into account to ensure successful disease prevention. Scope of application. Preventive medicine.