bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KOTA TUA SEBAGAI RUANG KREASI DIGITAL: EKSPLORASI KOTA TUA SEBAGAI ARENA PRODUKSI KONTEN BAGI KONTEN KREATOR
Authors: Zahra Dinda Fatimah , Syuhada Nisa Haniatus , Nusantara Nabil Pratama , Amanulloh Naeni
Published: January 2025

Kota Tua Jakarta plays a crucial role as a center of historical and architectural wealth, serving as a primary source of inspiration for content creators in the digital era. This study aims to gain a deep understanding of the selection and digital representation by content creators in Kota Tua Jakarta. The research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach. Utilizing Bourdieu's theoretical framework, the study examines cultural capital, social structures, and symbolic practices shaping the digital creativity arena in Mangga Besar, Taman Sari District, West Jakarta, Special Capital Region of Jakarta. It explores various types of content creators, including vloggers, bloggers, podcasters, and digital artists. The findings reveal that Kota Tua Jakarta is not merely a visual backdrop but also provides rich historical narratives adapted by content creators to craft unique digital experiences. This research contributes to understanding how Kota Tua Jakarta functions as a dynamic arena for digital creativity. By enhancing appreciation for history and cultural richness, the study aspires to strengthen the global image of Kota Tua Jakarta as an inspiring historical destination. 
DAMPAK SMARTPHONE TERHADAP INTERAKSI SOSIAL MAHASISWA ASAL PEDESAAN
Authors: Renda Trijuliani , Kaut Aprilia
Published: January 2025

The use of smartphones in Indonesia is increasing, including in Kupang City, which affects the pattern of human social interaction with other humans in real and virtual encounters. This study aims to analyze the impact of smartphones on the interaction patterns of students from rural areas in Kupang City. The paradigm used in this study is constructivistic to focus on subjective understanding and individual experience with a qualitative approach. The method is a case study by taking data from 9 appropriate informants to obtain data through interviews in March-May 2023. The results showed: first, there was a change in students' misconceptions in using smartphones. Second, social interactions use smartphones as imitation and imitation, third but due to the disappearance of real space and virtual face boundaries, dissociative interactions shift to associative interactions that make students aware of using smartphones wisely. The implication of this research is the need to increase digital literacy among the younger generation.

 
GERAKAN PERPAG (PERSATUAN RAKYAT PENYELAMAT KARST GOMBONG) DALAM MELAKUKAN PENOLAKAN TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN PT. SEMEN GOMBONG)
Authors: Ardiansya Ichza
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the strategies, success factors, and challenges faced by the PERPAG (People's Association of Karst Gombong Rescuers) movement in rejecting the development of PT. Semen Gombong in Kebumen Regency. Social movements become agents to fight for democratic rights, justice, and forgiveness of the people from dissatisfaction with unfair treatment. PERPAG is one of the social movements in Indonesia to date that has been able to thwart the cement company's efforts to exploit limestone. The method used is qualitative research using a case study approach. The study's results show the background of the PERPAG movement with the plan of PT. Semen Gombong to explore limestone in the South Gombong Karst Landscape Area which is considered to damage the ecosystem. Then the PERPAG movement does not only use one strategy such as coercion to the relevant government, this movement elaborates several strategies in its objectives. The emergence of various inhibiting factors (internal and external) cannot be separated from the journey of the movement. Still, PERPAG's consistency has resulted in success with the unsuccessful efforts of PT. Semen Gombong to explore the limestone.
GLOBAL SOCIAL MOVEMENT : UPAYA MASYARAKAT INTERNASIONAL DALAM MERESPON TINDAK KEJAHATAN GENOSIDA MELALUI RESOLUSI KONFLIK NIR-KEKERASAN PADA KASUS ISRAEL – PALESTINA
Authors: Fadya Salsabila Nanda , Suhendra M. Nabil , Pinata Emil , Hasibuan Jurena , Sununianti Vieronica Varbi , Kurniawan Deni Aries
Published: January 2025

This article examines the social manifestations of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict by highlighting the role of global social movements, such as Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS), as a response to human rights violations, genocidal crimes and longstanding conflict. The main focus of this research is to analyze the potential of nonviolent movements in building dialogue, easing tensions, and supporting the effectiveness of diplomatic negotiations to achieve peaceful resolutions. This research uses a literature review approach by utilizing books, journal articles, and media reports as primary sources. The results show that resource mobilization theory can explain the success of the boycott movement, which is supported by a structured organization, cross-country cooperation, and global solidarity networks. The movement had an impact on the formation of public opinion, changes in international policy, and the development of diplomacy. However, to increase its effectiveness, broader support, solid international cooperation, and concrete diplomatic steps from the global community, including Indonesia's active role, are needed to realize justice and sustainable peace.
NEGOSIASI NILAI-NILAI KEAGAMAAN DALAM PEMILIHAN KOSMETIK BAGI PEREMPUAN MUSLIM SALAFI YANG BELUM MENIKAH
Authors: Rofiah Harisatun Naila , Sujadi Sujadi
Published: January 2025

This study examines how unmarried Salafi Muslim women navigate religious values in choosing cosmetics in the midst of modernity. The study uses an anthropological approach with in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and cultural artifact analysis. The findings show six main negotiation dimensions: (1) product halalness, (2) appearance in public spaces, (3) use of cosmetics at home and outside the home, (4) interaction with the cosmetics industry, (5) dependence on modern products, and (6) compatibility of cosmetics with worship. This dimension reflects a commitment to sharia while adjusting to social dynamics and modern aesthetics. Salafi Muslim women tend to prefer halal-certified cosmetics that fulfill the principle of tayyib (good and pure) and support the performance of worship. However, they face challenges, such as a lack of industry transparency, limited access to high-quality products, and social pressure to follow beauty trends. This study highlights the importance of collaboration between cosmetics manufacturers and halal certification bodies to improve product quality and transparency. This research provides new insights into the relationship between religion, culture, and consumption behavior, particularly in the context of Salafi Muslim women. Recommendations include quantitative research to expand the generalizability of the results and the development of more inclusive halal cosmetics. These results are relevant for global Muslim consumers and the cosmetics industry looking to respond to the needs of the halal market.
Congratulations! MURAKAMI Suminao Award 2024 and the JDR Annual Awards 2024
Authors:   Editorial Office
Published: January 2025

We are pleased to announce that the MURAKAMI Suminao Award for Disaster
Research and the JDR annual awards (the JDR Award for the Most Cited Paper,
the JDR Award for the Most Downloaded Article, and the JDR Award for the
Most Contributory Reviewer) of 2024 have been decided by the JDR Editorial
Board. The award ceremony was held on December 20, 2024 at Gakushikaikan,
Tokyo, Japan. We congratulate the winners and sincerely wish for their future
academic and professional success.
Special Issue on Migration, Dignity, Fragility, and Pandemics 2025
Authors: Fujikura Ryo , Sasaki Daisuke
Published: January 2025

This special issue presents a study on atoll countries vulnerable to climate change. The average elevation of these countries is only approximately 2 m above sea level. Therefore, as sea levels rise, the only possible adaptation measures would be to build large-scale infrastructure, such as artificial islands, or to migrate to other countries. This study focuses on three of the world’s four atoll countries: the Maldives, the Marshall Islands, and Kiribati. We analyzed residents’ attitudes toward and the costs associated with artificial island construction and land reclamation.

In the Maldives, where the construction of artificial islands is already underway, we examined the motivations for migration to these islands and the satisfaction levels after migration. The findings revealed that those who migrated from Malé, the capital, and a densely populated area, were more satisfied with their lives after migration, whereas those who migrated from other atolls reported lower levels of satisfaction. In addition, high costs of living, rent, and housing were barriers to migration.

In the Marshall Islands and Kiribati, which do not have artificial islands such as those in the Maldives, we conducted a causal analysis of religious, cultural, and educational factors affecting residents’ perceptions of climate change. In both countries, education has a universal impact on climate change awareness, however, the manner in which it affects people varies between the two. In the Marshall Islands, education-related variables are relatively isolated, whereas in Kiribati, variables related to education, religion, and culture form a complex network that influences each other.

A survey of college students in the Marshall Islands revealed that young people were highly aware of climate change and strongly desired to migrate. However, many expressed a desire to preserve Marshallese culture and way of life, and opinions on the construction of artificial islands were divided.

An analysis of the cost-effectiveness of adaptation measures, such as building protective infrastructure and raising land to address the vulnerability of coastal areas in the Marshall Islands, revealed that the amount of funding required to implement effective adaptation measures would far exceed the country’s economic strength. Moreover, the cost of major protective measures would be several to ten times the GDP. Despite assessing from a disaster risk reduction perspective, many adaptation measures were found to have a cost-benefit ratio of less than one.
Analysis of the growth of two maize cultivars under various combinations of inorganic and bio-fertilization
Authors: Hartanti Dyah Ayu Sri , Yuliana Anggi Indah
Published: January 2025

Enhancing maize plant growth can be achieved through the application of biofertilizers, inorganic fertilizers, and the use of appropriate cultivars. This study aimed to examine the effect of different dosage combinations of biofertilizers and inorganic fertilizers, as well as cultivar selection, on improving maize plant growth. The research was conducted from June to September 2024, in Sambirejo Village, Jogoroto Sub-district, Jombang Regency, at an altitude of 40 meters above sea level. The method used was a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two factors: combinations of biofertilizer and inorganic fertilizer doses (P), and maize cultivars (K), with 3 repetitions. Observations included stem diameter, leaf area, and plant growth rate measured at 15, 30, 45, and 60 days after planting (DAP), as well as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) uptake observed at 60 DAP. The results showed that the use of the ADV Jago cultivar, combined with 100% inorganic fertilizer and 10 ml of biofertilizer (P7), produced the most optimal leaf area at 60 DAP and plant growth rate from 45 to 60 DAP, while the use of the Hibrida P35 cultivar combined with 100% inorganic fertilizer and 10 ml of biofertilizer (P7) increased stem diameter at 15 DAP. The ADV Jago cultivar resulted in the most optimal leaf area at 30 DAP. Lower doses of inorganic fertilizer, 75% and 50%, combined with 10 ml of biofertilizer (P8 and P9) also resulted in stem diameter and leaf area that were not significantly different from the 100% inorganic fertilizer treatment.
Por un periodismo cómic de viajes. Un estudio de caso: Viajes dibujados (2018)
Authors: Pérez-Gómez Miguel Ángel
Published: January 2025

Comic journalism is one of the trends in the ninth art that is gaining importance within academic studies in graphic narrative. However, the concept of travel, inherent to that of reportage, has not been studied as much by the academy. Hence the desire to study the existence of comic travel journalism as an extension of this journalistic specialisation. To do so, a qualitative case study methodology was used to analyse the volume Viajes dibujados (2018) published as a monograph of the specialised travel magazine Altaïr Magazine. After the application of a theoretical framework to see the confluences of comic journalism with written travel journalism, it is shown that there are traits that indicate that there are elements that indicate that this specialisation is also transferred to the world of comics. The starting point of this research is corroborated, the analysis of the journalistic features of this volume indicates that there is a comic travel journalism.
Las relaciones entre el cómic y el periodismo en la obra de Victoria Lomasko
Authors: Samper Cerdán María
Published: January 2025

Victoria Lomasko is a graphic artist whose work lies at the intersection of comics and journalism. Her work focuses on exposing social and political issues, using comics as a tool for testimony and shedding light on oppressed realities. Through her graphic chronicles—such as those found in *Other Russias* (2020) and *The Last Soviet Artist* (2022)—the author addresses themes like political repression, human rights, and the injustices suffered by minorities in Russia and other Soviet regions. Her style combines visual narrative with in-depth journalistic investigation, creating a bridge between documentation and artistic illustration. By analyzing her work, it becomes evident how comics can transcend their apparent boundaries to become a form of committed journalism capable of raising social awareness.
Health risks assessment for trace elements accumulation in Amaranthaceae family cultivars and their correlation with macro-minerals
Authors: Sharma Pooja , Mahongnao Sophayo , Nanda Sarita
Published: January 2025

The Yamuna Floodplain, a vital agricultural hub feeding Delhi’s growing population, faces significant challenges from soil contamination and unsustainable farming practices. In a quest for solutions that prioritize both crop quality and environmental health, this study explores the transformative potential of organic waste compost. Spinach, green amaranth, and red amaranth were cultivated in two distinct soils amended with compost, irrigated with groundwater, and rigorously assessed for their nutrient content and safety. Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), we observed that compost amendments significantly boosted the concentrations of essential macro-minerals like phosphorus, sulfur, magnesium, and potassium, enhancing their contribution to Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) and Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) levels compared to chemical fertilizers. Health risk assessments revealed minimal non-carcinogenic risks, with hazard quotient (HQ) and health index (sum of Target Hazard Quotients, THQ) values well below 1. Moreover, compost amendments reduced risks associated with trace elements, including manganese, iron, copper, zinc, and selenium, while revealing interesting correlations between trace and macro-minerals. This study highlights urban organic compost as a sustainable soil amendment for the Yamuna Floodplain, promoting the production of high-quality, nutrient-rich vegetables with minimal health risks. These findings pave the way for environmentally friendly and health-conscious agricultural practices in a critical region.
Microbiome re-colonization dynamics of a moving bed biofilter in an Atlantic salmon recirculating aquaculture system.
Authors: Coca Yoandy , Sáez-Navarrete César , Caro Diego , Suárez Rudy , Bledsoe Jacob W. , Abanikannda Mosope F. , de Oca Marco Montes , Pontigo Juan Pablo , Rodríguez-Córdova Leonardo , Burbulis Ian , Kibenge Frederick S. B. , Godoy Marcos
Published: January 2025

Bacterial outbreaks commonly challenge fish health in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). Many practitioners believe that recycled biofilters may be a potential source of pathogen contamination during subsequent cycles of fish growth. Biofilters undergo rigorous chemical disinfection protocols, known as “knockout” procedures, as a precaution to neutralize the carry-over of infectious agents. However, the impact of these disinfection protocols on the re-establishment of nitrifying bacterial biofilms within plastic biofilter carriers remains unknown. In this study, a moving bed biofilter from a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) was used over time during a complete production cycle of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts, before their transfer to seawater. The analysis employed next-generation sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicons, alpha diversity metrics, and their correlation with fish health and water quality. Sampling was conducted every 15 d to collect data from biofilter carriers and the biofilter water. Our findings revealed that the “knockout” protocols affected the composition and abundance of nitrifying bacterial communities within the biofilter carriers. Contrary to the logic supporting aggressive “knockout” procedures, significant out-growth of freshwater bacterial pathogens, e.g., Aeromonas salmonicida, was not observed in the biofilter carriers when the RAS was cleaned using low salt conditions. Our findings corroborate those of previous reports showing that low salinity (2–5‰) may influence bacterial diversity and abundance during biofilm regrowth. Our findings suggest that aggressive disinfection may be unnecessary for safe and functional biofilm re-establishment in RAS.
Porphyromonas gingivalis levels correlate with Toll-like receptor 4 expression status and prognosis after esophagectomy for advanced thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yoneya Takatoshi , Sato Yusuke , Nomura Kyoko , Wakita Akiyuki , Nagaki Yushi , Sasamori Ryohei , Sasaki Yoshihiro , Nozaki Shu , Takahashi Tsukasa , Yamada Munehiro , Takahashi Mayu , Terata Kaori , Imai Kazuhiro
Published: January 2025

Background. Poor oral health is an independent risk factor for upper-aerodigestive tract cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), the most studied periodontal pathogen, is a Gram-negative bacterium with walls composed of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) recognizes LPS, and we previously reported that ESCC patients exhibiting high TLR4 expression also show significantly poorer survival than patients expressing lower levels of TLR4. We therefore hypothesized that P. gingivalis affects disease progression and prognosis in patients with ESCC.
Patients and Methods. We used an ESCC tissue microarray to assess the P. gingivalis status of ESCC patients and to determine whether P. gingivalislevels correlate with prognosis after curative esophagectomy. We also tested whether the combined P. gingivalisand TLR4 statuses correlate with prognosis in these patients.
Results. Clinical ESCC samples from 175 patients were tested for P. gingivalis. High P. gingivalis levels (3+ and 2+) correlated with significantly poorer 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) after esophagectomy than lower P. gingivalis levels (1+ and 0). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that the P. gingivalis status is an independent prognostic factor affecting 5-year OS and DSS. Moreover, the combined P. gingivalis and TLR4 statuses are also an independent prognostic factor affecting 5-year OS and DSS.
Conclusion. P. gingivalis infection leads to TLR4 expression and a poorer prognosis in ESCC patients after esophagectomy. Preventing P. gingivalis infection may be an effective strategy for improving the long-term outcomes of patients with ESCC.
Somatic Genomic and Transcriptomic Changes in Single Ischemic Human Heart Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Choudhury Sangita , Hilal Nazia , An Zheming , Prondzynski Maksymilian , Matsui Erica , Sahu Debesh , Mao Shulin , Jung Youngsook , Yang Yingxi , Epstein Sonia , Chen Ming , Pu William , Monte Federica del , Huang August
Published: January 2025

Heart failure is a multifaceted syndrome contributing significantly to mortality and hospitalization rates among the global population1. One of the prevalent causes of heart failure is ischemic heart disease (IHD), often caused by a blockage in a coronary artery, ultimately leading to the loss of myocardial tissue and contractile force2. The impact of this ischemic ambiance on the cardiomyocyte genome and transcriptome has not been thoroughly studied. During normal aging, cardiomyocytes progressively accumulate somatic mutations faster than many dividing cells, suggesting that internal and external factors specific to cardiomyocytes might influence this accumulation3. In this study, we analyzed single-cell whole-genome and transcriptome data from the left ventricle of 5 individuals with IHD and 10 healthy control individuals. We found that somatic DNA alterations significantly increase in IHD cardiomyocytes, with distinct mutational patterns indicating a disrupted DNA repair system and a cytotoxic environment, potentially associated with increased inflammatory response in the myocardium and a compensatory anti-inflammatory response in IHD. An in vitro iPS-derived hypoxic cardiomyocyte mutational profile indicates similar mutational spectra. Transcriptomic analysis revealed increased expression of EGR1, FOS, and collagen genes in ischemic heart cardiomyocytes, leading to a more fibrotic heart. The aberrant accumulation of DNA alterations and changes in transcriptional patterns in the ischemic heart cardiomyocytes provide insight into the development of IHD.
Burden of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in China from 1990 to 2021, with Projections to 2050: An Analysis of Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Authors: Wei Shuoshuo , Han Yonghui , Liu Min , Wang Hanli , Lu Zhiwei , Cheng Yusheng , Guo Jun , Zha Lei
Published: January 2025

Background
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe condition with high morbidity and mortality, yet its epidemiology in China remains poorly understood. This study aims to assess the burden of PAH in China from 1990 to 2021 and project trends to 2050, providing insights for effective management and prevention strategies.
Method
Data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021 were analyzed, focusing exclusively on PAH. Key metrics included incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), along with their corresponding age-standardized rates (ASRs). Average annual percent changes (AAPCs) were calculated using joinpoint regression analysis, and a Bayesian age-period-cohort model was employed to project trends through 2050.
Results
In 2021, there were 41,135 estimated prevalent cases of PAH (95% UI: 32,838.91 to 51,357.25) in China, with an age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) of 2.24 per 100,000. Females accounted for approximately 58% of cases. PAH caused 7,318 deaths (95% UI: 4,835.72 to 9,075.75; 3,683 males, 3,635 females), with an age-standardized death rate (ASDR) of 0.42 per 100,000. From 1990 to 2021, the ASPR increased slightly from 2.07 (95% UI: 1.68 to 2.54) to 2.24 (95% UI: 1.81 to 2.75), while the ASDR decreased from 0.61 (95% UI: 0.46 to 0.83) to 0.42 (95% UI: 0.28 to 0.51). Projections suggest declining trends in both ASPR and ASDR, although the overall prevalence of PAH is expected to rise over the next 30 years.
Conclusion
PAH imposes a significant disease burden in China, particularly among women and older adults. These findings highlight the urgent need to enhance diagnostic capabilities and develop improved treatment strategies to address this challenging condition in the Chinese population.
CALLY Index as a Comprehensive Biomarker for Heart Failure Risk: Findings from NHANES 1999–2010
Authors: Yang Boning , Zou Junhua , Zhou Run , Wang Anqi , Hu Yuchi , Wang Jing
Published: January 2025

Background
Heart failure (HF) is a critical global health issue characterized by high morbidity, mortality, and economic burden. The interplay of chronic inflammation, malnutrition, and immune dysregulation is central to HF pathogenesis. The C-reactive protein-Albumin-Lymphocyte (CALLY) index, a composite biomarker that integrates inflammatory, nutritional, and immune parameters, offers a novel, holistic approach to HF risk prediction. However, its association with HF prevalence and potential clinical utility remains underexplored.
Methods
This study utilized data from the NHANES 1999–2010 cohort, encompassing 14,900 participants after stringent inclusion criteria. The CALLY index was computed as albumin (g/L) × lymphocyte count (10⁹/L) / C-reactive protein (CRP, mg/L). Logistic regression models were utilized to assess the relationship between CALLY index quartiles and HF prevalence, with adjustments made for demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical factors. Nonlinear associations were examined using restricted cubic spline analysis, while subgroup analyses evaluated differences across age, gender, and ethnicity.
Results
Participants with HF (n = 659, 4.4%) exhibited significantly lower CALLY index values compared to those without HF. Multivariate analyses revealed a robust, dose-dependent association between higher CALLY index quartiles and HF risk (Q4 vs. Q1: adjusted OR = 7.49, 95% CI: 5.89–9.52, P < 0.001). Restricted cubic spline analysis identified a threshold value of 692, above which HF risk sharply increased. Subgroup analyses highlighted significant heterogeneity, with stronger associations observed among older adults (≥ 60 years), males, and non-Hispanic Black populations, suggesting demographic-specific predictive utility.
Conclusions
The CALLY index serves as a low-cost, readily accessible biomarker for HF risk stratification, integrating critical dimensions of inflammation, nutrition, and immune function. Its nonlinear association with HF risk and identified threshold offer practical insights for early detection and intervention. Tailored strategies for high-risk demographic groups, such as older adults and non-Hispanic Black individuals, could enhance its clinical application. Further longitudinal studies and interventional trials are required to confirm these findings and evaluate the broader applicability of the CALLY index in cardiovascular risk management.
Targeted downregulation of FIS1 in excitatory neurons within the spinal dorsal horn alleviates neuropathic pain through the mitigation of mitochondrial fragmentation
Authors: Zhu Chang-Lei , Li Shu-Jiao , Lin Zhi-Peng , Ni Zi-Wei , Tian Ke , Xia Yu-Lu , Tie Jing-Jing , Pu Xue-Yin , Huang Yun-Qiang , Wu Fei-Fei , Liu Hui , Zhang Kun-Long , Zhang Shuai , Wu You-Sheng , Tian Fei , Liu Nan-Nan , Yang Yan-Ling , Wang Ya-Yun
Published: January 2025

Background: Neuropathic pain has been shown to induce abnormal mitochondrial fission in neurons, yet the analgesic potential of inhibiting this process remains unclear. Our previous studies demonstrated that targeted regulation of the dynamin-related protein (DRP1) can alleviate neuropathic pain; however, the downstream molecular signaling mechanisms remain to be elucidated.
Methods: To investigate the role of mitochondrial dynamics in neuropathic pain, we utilized C57BL/6J mice, GAD2-Cre mice, and vGluT2-Cre mice. Mitochondrial network changes in pain states were assessed using GAD2-MITO and vGluT2-MITO transgenic mouse models combined with MiNA analysis. Pain thresholds and the expression levels of various molecules in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) were evaluated through behavioral tests, immunofluorescence, and Western blotting. Mitochondrial morphology and function in pain conditions were examined using electron microscopy, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species, and adenosine triphosphate assays. The effects of antioxidant analgesics epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and Cinnamic Acid on molecular changes in the SDH during pain states were also investigated.
Results: We observed that mitochondrial networks in both excitatory and inhibitory neurons of the SDH were disrupted in spared nerve injury mice, as evidenced by GAD2-MITO and vGluT2-MITO transgenic mouse models. Specifically, down-regulating FIS1 in excitatory neurons, but not in inhibitory neurons, within the SDH elicited analgesic effects, as evidenced by experiments conducted with vGluT2-Cre and GAD2-Cre mouse models. Additionally, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which effectively down-regulates FIS1 in the SDH, concurrently inhibited SNI-induced neuropathic pain. These findings suggest that reducing mitochondrial fragmentation by down-regulating FIS1 in SDH excitatory neurons can alleviate neuropathic pain.
The clinical efficacy of unilateral biportal endoscopic treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis with preservation of the ligamentum flavum
Authors: Li Kepeng , Jiang Bo , Han Ye
Published: January 2025

Background
As a minimally invasive surgical approach for treating lumbar spinal stenosis, Unilateral Biportal Endoscopy (UBE) is receiving significant attention from clinical practitioners. Conventional UBE surgery involves the removal of the ligamentum flavum, and to date, there is no research on UBE techniques that preserve the ligamentum flavum.
Method
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 100 patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) who underwent UBE treatment from January 2022 to March 2024. The surgical techniques of decompression of the lumbar canal while preserving the ligamentum flavum using UBE technology were summarized. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether the ligamentum flavum was preserved during surgery: the preservation group with 40 patients, and the removal group with 60 patients. The intraoperative surgical time and blood loss of the two groups were compared, as well as perioperative Visual Analogue Pain Scores (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and complications such as dural tears and epidural hematoma. The difference in radiological decompression between the two groups was assessed using the cross-sectional area of the dural sac on lumbar MRI.
Results
The average surgery time for the group with the ligamentum flavum preserved was (50.13±8.45) minutes, and the intraoperative blood loss was (30.57±6.64) ml. For the group with the ligamentum flavum removed, the average surgery time was (66.47±7.26) minutes, and the intraoperative blood loss was (58.70±6.19) ml. Compared to the group with the ligamentum flavum removed, the group with the ligamentum flavum preserved had a shorter surgery time and less blood loss, with these results being statistically significant (P < 0.01). There was no difference in the VAS scores and ODI scores between the two groups at 3 days and 6 months postoperatively. The postoperative dural sac cross-sectional area for the ligamentum flavum preserved group and the ligamentum flavum removed group was 164.31±26.35 mm²and 170.92±27.68 mm², respectively, with no statistically significant difference (P = 0.24). The incidence of postoperative complications was 1.92% in the ligamentum flavum preserved group and 5.77% in the ligamentum flavum removed group, which was not statistically significant (P = 0.61).
Conclusion
The technique of unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) for lumbar spinal stenosis, which preserves the ligamentum flavum, can reduce complications, surgical time, and blood loss, while simultaneously providing favorable surgical outcomes. It is recommended to preserve the ligamentum flavum as much as possible when using UBE for the treatment of patients with lumbar spinal stenosis.
Pure Laparoscopic Treatment of a Rare Giant Post-Mesenteric Benign Ovarian Seromucinous Cystadenoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Ye Yifan , Liu He , Huang Rui , Li NingBo , Tang Yaling , Chen Hong
Published: January 2025

Background
Ovarian seromucinous tumors, although relatively rare, represent a distinctive subset of ovarian neoplasms. These tumors are predominantly benign but carry a potential risk of malignant transformation over time. Early detection and management are crucial for improving outcomes. For large or complex masses, open surgery is preferred for better access and intraoperative histological assessment. However, with the advancement of laparoscopic techniques, minimally invasive surgery has emerged as a viable alternative for select patients, offering comparable efficacy, along with the advantages of reduced recovery times and minimal scarring.
Case report:
A 65-year-old female presented with a seven-month history of abdominal distension, a sensation of fullness beneath the xiphoid, left-sided discomfort, and intermittent morning cramping. Laboratory findings revealed a mild elevation in CA-125 to 46 U/mL, and CT imaging suggested a diagnosis of an ovarian cystadenoma or possibly a retroperitoneal mass. Preoperative assessment was complicated by the tumor's irregular shape, large size, and adhesions to nearby structures, making its origin unclear. A single-port laparoscopic approach was selected to minimize tissue damage, improve tumor handling, and reduce risks of fluid leakage or tumor spread. Postoperative pathology confirmed the lesion as a seromucinous ovarian cystadenoma.
Conclusion
This case emphasizes the need for a multidisciplinary approach in tumor diagnosis and treatment, highlighting the benefits of minimally invasive surgical techniques for better patient outcomes. Given the rarity of ovarian seromucinous tumors, continued research into their pathogenesis, classification, and treatment strategies is essential for advancing our understanding and optimizing management approaches for patients affected by these tumors.
Deep Learning Applications in the Resilience Critical Infrastructure Systems—A Systematic Review
Authors: Gururaj H L
Published: January 2025

Technological advancements like AI, blockchain, and IoT are merging to bring about a new level of digital change. Critical infrastructure systems (CISs) are vital to modern society, as they support crucial social functions, economic organization, and national defense. Recently, the resilience of CISs has garnered attention in academic and policy fields, particularly in light of increased natural and technological disasters. However, assessing CIS resilience remains challenging, particularly in its practical application to operational risk management. Integrating advanced technologies with critical infrastructure (CI) can significantly enhance the quality of life and boost national economic productivity. Nevertheless, the lack of robust cybersecurity in CI has given rise to advanced threats and vulnerabilities, undermining these potential benefits. The paper explores cyber vulnerabilities and dangers in various critical structures, including the financial, agricultural, energy, and health systems. Moreover, we examine the positive aspects of artificial intelligence and provide a rich taxonomy of solutions that show how well AI-based approaches deal with different types of cyberattacks on critical infrastructure.
Melatonin reduces cell motility and antioxidant defenses in ovarian cancer cell lines
Authors: Silveira Henrique Spaulonci , Cesário Roberta Carvalho , Simão Vinicius Augusto , Guimarães Fernando , Seiva Fábio Rodrigues Ferreira , Zuccari Debora Aparecida P. C. , Fernandes Glaura Scantamburlo Alves , de Souza Milena Cremer , Reiter Russel J. , Chuffa Luiz Gustavo de Almeida
Published: January 2025

Ovarian cancer (OC), a highly recurrent and fatal tumor, poses diagnostic challenges due to generic symptoms and chemoresistance. Melatonin (Mel) is an indoleamine acting against tumor progression and exhibiting pro-oxidative actions in tumor cells. This study explores the impact of Mel on antioxidant defenses of OC cells (SKOV-3 and CAISMOV-24 lines), focusing on its receptor-dependent and -independent effects. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT method and the antioxidant system was analyzed by preparing supernatants for assessing glutathione (GS), reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Mel stimulated its own intracellular levels, reducing cell viability in both cell lines. Notably, Mel independently of its membrane receptors, inhibited migration and invasion, thus showing its anti-tumoral potential. By investigating melatonin’s actions, we observed an impact on the antioxidant system primarily through the reduced activity of CAT and the GS axis. The modulation of these antioxidants by Mel demonstrates its multifaceted role in OC, emphasizing its therapeutic potential. We also demonstrated, for the first time, the theoretical ability of Mel to bind to CAT, which may be responsible for the reduction in enzyme activity. This study contributes with novel insights into Mel's receptor-independent actions, providing a foundation for further research in OC therapy.
Serum Mrgprx2 and Substance P Levels: Biomarkers of Disease Activity, Not of Antihistamine Response in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: a Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Cuc Nguyen Thi Kim , Minh Vu Nguyet , Lan Pham Thi , My Le Huyen , Doanh Le Huu
Published: January 2025

Background: In chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), the role of Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) and substance P (SP) as biomarkers of disease severity and the antihistamine response remains unclear. The study aims to examine the correlations between serum MRGPRX2 and SP levels, disease severity, and antihistamine response in patients with CSU.
Methods: This study included 120 CSU patients and 30 healthy controls. Based on the Urticaria Activity Score over 7 days (UAS7), the patients with CSU were divided into two categories: severe and non-severe. Severe CSU patients received 20 mg of bilastine, titrated up to 80 mg based on Urticaria Control Test (UCT) results at days 15, 30, and 60. Serum MRGPRX2 and SP levels were measured at baseline for all participants and after two months in severe CSU patients. The Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn’s corrections were used to examine differences in multiple comparisons. Spearman’s correlation assessed the relationships between MRGPRX2 and SP levels and various clinical and laboratory parameters. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were created to identify the optimal serum levels of MRGPRX2 and SP for distinguishing severe CSU. Additionally, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify risk factors associated with severe CSU.
Results: Serum MRGPRX2 and SP levels were significantly higher in severe CSU patients than in non-severe patients (P<0.001 and P=0.01) but comparable to controls (P>0.05). These levels were positively correlated with the UAS7 (P<0.001 and P=0.01), with no correlation between MRGPRX2 and SP levels (P=0.28). MRGPRX2 ≥ 11.67 ng/mL and SP≥97.66 pg/mL were identified as independent risk factors for severe CSU (OR 48.21 95%CI 13.00–178.82; P< 0.001 and OR 3.19 95% CI 1.10–9.24, P=0.03). Among the severe CSU patients, the baseline MRGPRX2 and SP levels did not significantly differ across the antihistamine response groups (P>0.05). Serum MRGRPX2 levels remained consistent over time after antihistamine treatment (P=0.41), whereas serum SP concentrations significantly decreased (P<0.001).
Conclusions: Serum MRGPRX2 and SP levels are associated with disease severity in CSU patients but do not predict antihistamine response in severe cases.
Investigating megakaryocytic transcription factor ARID3A in Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia of Down syndrome and healthy hematopoiesis
Authors:   , Weigert Karoline
Published: January 2025

This study dissects the mechanism behind the interplay of Gata1s mutation and deregulated expression of onco-miRNA miR-125b in leukemic transformation from preleukemic TAM to acute megakaryoblastic leukemia of Down syndrome (ML-DS). We verified transcription factor Arid3a as the main target of miR-125b in this context and delineate underlying molecular mechanisms.
We show that repression of Arid3a is sufficient to transform TAM-model Gata1s- fetal liver cells (G1s-FLCs) towards acute megakaryoblastic leukemia: both upregulation of miR-125b and repression of Arid3a were likewise able to induce an ML-DS-resembling hyperproliferative phenotype and gene expression signatures in G1s-FLCs. Moreover, both were able to cause megakaryoblastic leukemia in G1s-FLCs in vivo. Vice versa, restoring Arid3a rescued leukemic miR-125b phenotype and gene expression signatures.
Knockdown of Arid3a lead to a block in megakaryocytic maturation of G1s-FLCs and promoted stem cell and erythroid differentiation. On the contrary, upregulation of Arid3a enabled megakaryocytic maturation in G1s-FLCs.
ARID3A not only restored megakaryocytic maturation in ML-DS cell line CMK, but induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Pro-apoptotic and antiproliferative effects of ARID3A were further observed among human DS- and non-DS-AMKL PDXs and several other AML cell lines, assigning ARID3A a novel role as tumor suppressor in acute myeloid leukemia. Combining RNA-Seq data and Co- IP/mass spectrometry of proteomic interaction partners revealed that ARID3A cooperates with SMAD2/3 in TGF-ß-mediated apoptosis.
Overall, we assume that ARID3A is required for megakaryocytic maturation and TGF-ß-mediated apoptosis and cell cycle control, preserving Gata1s-perturbed TAM cells in preleukemic state. Upon miR-125b-mediated loss-of-ARID3A, megakaryocytic maturation and proliferation control fail, promoting development of megakaryoblastic leukemia.
Expression of Arid3a/ARID3A in healthy fetal and adult HSPCs strongly promoted megakaryocytic maturation at expense of erythroid differentiation. Hence, we ascribe a yet undetected role of ARID3A as a megakaryocytic transcription factor in healthy hematopoiesis.
Overall, we delineate how posttranscriptional gene deregulation by onco-miRNAs may promote oncogenic transformation and emphasize the relevance of future studies on non-coding genomic sequences in tumorigenesis. It is our hope to show a general approach for studying onco-miRNA interactions in cancer and lay the foundation for developing targeted treatment strategies focusing on ARID3A.
The development of a fully balanced active-RC high-pass filter
Authors: Thitapars Sarayut , Khwunnak Chadarat , Lertkonsarn Samran , Dujpen Thanakorn
Published: January 2025

This article presents the development and analysis of a fully balanced active-RC high-pass filter employing bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) as the active components. The filter design utilizes NPN transistors, along with resistors (RL and Ree), a capacitor (C), and two sets of biasing circuits (If) to control the transistors. The circuit architecture consists of four NPN transistors, four resistors, and a capacitor arranged symmetrically to handle differential signals effectively. The differential input voltage (VAB) is applied to the base terminals of transistors T3 and T4, while the differential output voltage (VED) is measured at the emitter terminals of transistors T1 and T2. The filter's functionality was simulated using PSpice, demonstrating the ability to tune the cutoff frequency (f0) of the transfer function by adjusting the bias current (If), capacitance (C), and resistance values (RL and Ree). Simulation results indicated a transfer function response of approximately –36.995 dB with a phase shift of 45 degrees. Further tests, varying the capacitance (C) and resistance (RL and Ree), demonstrated precise tuning of the cutoff frequency (f0). Measured frequencies of 435.338 Hz, 1.285 kHz, and 2.648 kHz correspond to bias currents (If) of 150 μA, 500 μA, and 1.3 mA, respectively. Total harmonic distortion (THD) of the output waveform, analyzed via fast Fourier transform (FFT), was found to be 9.824 %. This research highlights the efficiency and stability of the developed fully balanced active-RC high-pass filter across various operating conditions. The findings emphasize the importance of optimizing frequency response in filter design and demonstrate the potential for future development into integrated circuits (ICs)
Phytochemical profiling, molecular docking and ADMET prediction of essential oil of Ocimum basilicum
Authors: Başar Yunus , Gök Mesut , Erenler Ramazan , Demirtas İbrahim
Published: January 2025

Essential oils are widely used in pharmacology, cosmetics, and food industries, and they also have biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-rheumatic, and antimicrobial. Ocimum basilicum (basil) plant has a rich content of essential oils. Hence, the stem, leaf, and flower parts of the O. basilicum were analyzed freshly on the RSH/GC-MS device to determine the essential oil content. As a result of the analysis, α-elemene, linalool, and eucalyptol were detected as the main components. It was observed that the highest linalool content was in the flower part at 47.85%, and the eucalyptol content was in the leaf part at 44.00%. Additionally, it was determined that the α-elemene content was highest in the flower part with 12.49%. According to the analysis results, high amounts of linalool, eucalyptol, and α-elemene were detected. The inhibitory properties of these compounds against the DNA gyrase enzyme were investigated by molecular docking. MolDock score (-78.72, -47.50, -88.86) and binding energy (2.9, 4.6, 4.0 kcal/mol) of linalool, eucalyptol, and α-elemene compounds were determined respectively. According to the ADME/T properties of the molecules examined; The α-elemene did not show any toxic effects. As a result, the eucalyptol compound may be used as an inhibitor against the DNA gyrase enzyme. In addition, it can contribute to the economy by obtaining essential oils from the non-consumable flowers and stem parts of the basil plant and increasing its usability in industries such as cleaning, cosmetics, etc.
Bioactivity-guided isolation and quantification of Chlorogenic acid from Calystegia silvatica (Kit.) Griseb. (Convolvulaceae)
Authors: Yüzbaşıoğlu Baran Merve , Sener Sıla Özlem , Kanbolat Şeyda , Badem Merve , Özgen Ufuk
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to investigate the bioactivity-guided isolation and quantification of chlorogenic acid from Calystegia silvatica, a plant traditionally utilized for its medicinal properties. The most cytotoxic aqueous sub-extract was subjected to open column chromatography to assess its cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells using a resazurin reduction assay. The structure of the most active pure compound was determined to be chlorogenic acid (IC50= 36.44 ± 2.18 μg/mL) using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. A validated high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) method was employed for the quantification of chlorogenic acid, which resulted in a content of 10.05 mg/g crude extract. The results indicate the potential of Calystegia silvatica as a source of chlorogenic acid with cytotoxic activity.