bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Personality Traits in College Students and Caregiving for a Relative with a Chronic Health Condition
Authors: Trujillo Michael A. , Perrin Paul B. , Elnasseh Aaliah , Pierce Bradford S. , Mickens Melody
Published: September 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate among college students the relationship between personality traits and willingness to care for a relative with a chronic health condition. 329 undergraduate students completed an online questionnaire. Hierarchical multiple regressions found that after controlling for demographics personality traits explained 10% of the variance in willingness to provide emotional care, 7% in instrumental care, and 7% in nursing care. Within these models, greater empathy was uniquely associated with willingness to provide emotional, instrumental, and nursing care for a family member in the future. Similarly, participants with high agreeableness were more willing to provide emotional care, and participant older age was a unique predictor of instrumental care. The results can help shape research on interventions that incorporate perspective taking, motivational interviewing, and training in life skills as a means of boosting college students’ willingness to provide care for a relative with a chronic health condition.
Comparison of Dual-Channel Supply Chain Structures: E-Commerce Platform as Different Roles
Authors: Wang Cong , Yang De-li , Wang Zhao
Published: September 2016

E-commerce platforms can act as an e-tailer or a third-party intermediary that charge a commission and allow manufacturers to sell products on their platform directly. These two forms of dual-channel supply chain structures have different impacts on decisions and profits of manufacturers and traditional retailers. This paper establishes different Stackelberg game models for both dual-channel supply chain structures and achieves the equilibrium results. The results state that both structures can increase the consumer surplus and social welfare. More importantly, when the platform acts as an e-tailer, the manufacturer and the traditional retailer can form a “win-win” situation. Nevertheless, when the platform acts as a third-party intermediary allowing manufacturers to sell products on the platform directly, it is bound to harm the interests of the traditional retailer.
Study of Soluble HLA-G in Congenital Human Cytomegalovirus Infection
Authors: Rizzo Roberta , Gabrielli Liliana , Bortolotti Daria , Gentili Valentina , Piccirilli Giulia , Chiereghin Angela , Pavia Claudia , Bolzani Silvia , Guerra Brunella , Simonazzi Giuliana , Cervi Francesca , Capretti Maria Grazia , Fainardi Enrico , Luca Dario Di , Landini Maria Paola , Lazzarotto Tiziana
Published: September 2016

Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) is a nonclassical HLA class I antigen that is expressed during pregnancy contributing to maternal-fetal tolerance. HLA-G can be expressed as membrane-bound and soluble forms. HLA-G expression increases strongly during viral infections such as congenital human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infections, with functional consequences in immunoregulation. In this work we investigated the expression of soluble (s)HLA-G and beta-2 microglobulin (component of HLA) molecules in correlation with the risk of transmission and severity of congenital HCMV infection. We analyzed 182 blood samples from 130 pregnant women and 52 nonpregnant women and 56 amniotic fluid samples from women experiencing primary HCMV infection. The median levels of sHLA-G in maternal serum of women with primary HCMV infection were higher in comparison with nonprimary and uninfected pregnant women (p<0.001). AF from HCMV symptomatic fetuses presented higher sHLA-G levels in comparison with infected asymptomatic fetuses (p<0.001), presence of HLA-G free-heavy chain, and a concentration gradient from amniotic fluid to maternal blood. No significant statistical difference of beta-2 microglobulin median levels was observed between all different groups. Our results suggest the determination of sHLA-G molecules in both maternal blood and amniotic fluid as a promising biomarker of diagnosis of maternal HCMV primary infection and fetal HCMV disease.
A Case of Successful Coil Embolization for a Late-Onset Type Ia Endoleak after Endovascular Aneurysm Repair with the Chimney Technique
Authors: Igari Kimihiro , Kudo Toshifumi , Toyofuku Takahiro , Inoue Yoshinori
Published: September 2016

Juxtarenal aortic aneurysms (JRAAs) are challenging to treat by endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) procedures. The chimney technique with EVAR (Ch-EVAR) is one of the feasible and less invasive treatments for JRAAs. However, the main concern of Ch-EVAR is the potential risk of “gutters,” which can lead to type Ia endoleak (EL). Most type Ia ELs after Ch-EVAR procedures occurred intraoperatively, and these ELs could be treated using an endovascular technique. However, late-onset type Ia ELs could be extremely rare, which might have a fear of conservative treatment. Type Ia ELs are associated with an increased risk of aneurysm rupture; therefore reintervention is recommended as soon as possible, and we should be aware of the occurrence of type Ia ELs after the Ch-EVAR procedure.
A Forecasting Model for Feed Grain Demand Based on Combined Dynamic Model
Authors: Yang Tiejun , Yang Na , Zhu Chunhua
Published: September 2016

In order to improve the long-term prediction accuracy of feed grain demand, a dynamic forecast model of long-term feed grain demand is realized with joint multivariate regression model, of which the correlation between the feed grain demand and its influence factors is analyzed firstly; then the change trend of various factors that affect the feed grain demand is predicted by using ARIMA model. The simulation results show that the accuracy of proposed combined dynamic forecasting model is obviously higher than that of the grey system model. Thus, it indicates that the proposed algorithm is effective.
Early Diagnosis and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for IL10R Deficiency Leading to Very Early-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease Are Essential in Familial Cases
Authors: Karaca Neslihan Edeer , Aksu Guzide , Ulusoy Ezgi , Aksoylar Serap , Gozmen Salih , Genel Ferah , Akarcan Sanem , Gulez Nesrin , Hirschmugl Tatjana , Kansoy Savas , Boztug Kaan , Kutukculer Necil
Published: September 2016

Alterations of immune homeostasis in the gut may result in development of inflammatory bowel disease. A five-month-old girl was referred for recurrent respiratory and genitourinary tract infections, sepsis in neonatal period, chronic diarrhea, perianal abscess, rectovaginal fistula, and hyperemic skin lesions. She was born to second-degree consanguineous, healthy parents. Her elder siblings were lost at 4 months of age due to sepsis and 1 year of age due to inflammatory bowel disease, respectively. Absolute neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, immunoglobulin levels, and lymphocyte subsets were normal ruling out severe congenital neutropenia and classic severe combined immunodeficiencies. Quantitative determination of oxidative burst was normal, excluding chronic granulomatous disease. Colonoscopy revealed granulation, ulceration, and pseudopolyps, compatible with colitis. Very early-onset colitis and perianal disease leading to fistula formation suggested probability of inherited deficiencies of IL-10 or IL-10 receptor. A mutation at position c.G477A in exon of the IL10RB gene, resulting in a stop codon at position p.W159X, was identified. The patient underwent myeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from full matched father at 11 months of age. Perianal lesions, chronic diarrhea, and recurrent infections resolved after transplantation. IL-10/IL-10R deficiencies must be considered in patients with early-onset enterocolitis.
Protective Effect of Galectin-1 duringHistoplasma capsulatumInfection Is Associated with Prostaglandin E2and Nitric Oxide Modulation
Authors: Rodrigues Lílian Cataldi , Secatto Adriana , Sorgi Carlos A. , Dejani Naiara N. , Medeiros Alexandra I. , Prado Morgana Kelly Borges , Ramos Simone Gusmão , Cummings Richard D. , Stowell Sean R. , Faccioli Lúcia Helena , Dias-Baruffi Marcelo
Published: September 2016

Histoplasma capsulatumis a dimorphic fungus that develops a yeast-like morphology in host’s tissue, responsible for the pulmonary disease histoplasmosis. The recent increase in the incidence of histoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients highlights the need of understanding immunological controls of fungal infections. Here, we describe our discovery of the role of endogenous galectin-1 (Gal-1) in the immune pathophysiology of experimental histoplasmosis. All infected wild-type (WT) mice survived while only 1/3 of Lgals1−/−mice genetically deficient in Gal-1 survived 30 days after infection. Although infected Lgals1−/−mice had increased proinflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide (NO), and elevations in neutrophil pulmonary infiltration, they presented higher fungal load in lungs and spleen. Infected lung and infected macrophages from Lgals1−/−mice exhibited elevated levels of prostaglandin E2(PGE2, a prostanoid regulator of macrophage activation) and prostaglandin E synthase 2 (Ptgs2) mRNA. Gal-1 did not bind to cell surface of yeast phase ofH. capsulatum,in vitro, suggesting that Gal-1 contributed to phagocytes response to infection rather than directly killing the yeast.The data provides the first demonstration of endogenous Gal-1 in the protective immune response againstH. capsulatumassociated with NO and PGE2as an important lipid mediator in the pathogenesis of histoplasmosis.
A Comparative Study of AlCl3and FeCl2-Modified TiCl4/MgCl2/THF Catalytic System in the Presence of Hydrogen for Ethylene Polymerization
Authors: Niyomthai Thanyathorn , Ratchadaphet Aniroot , Jongsomjit Bunjerd , Praserthdam Piyasan
Published: September 2016

Ethylene homopolymerization over TiCl4/MgCl2/THF catalysts modified with different metal halide additives (AlCl3and FeCl2) with and without hydrogen was investigated based on catalytic activity and polymer properties. Lewis acid modification can improve activity because it can remove the remaining THF in the final catalyst, which can poison the catalyst active sites via the ring-opening of THF that was confirmed by XRD measurements. Moreover, the activity enhancement was due to the formation of acidic sites by modifying the catalysts with Lewis acids. Thus, FeCl2doped catalyst (Fe-THF) exhibited the highest activity followed by AlCl3doped catalyst (Al-THF) and undoped catalyst (None-THF). In H2/C2H4molar ratio of 0.08, Fe-THF showed a better hydrogen response than Al-THF due to more titanium cluster distribution. Fe-THF is considered to have more clustered Ti species than Al-THF. As a consequence, it led us to obtain more possible chances to precede chain transfer reaction by hydrogen. The molecular weight, melting temperature, and crystallinity of obtained polymers were investigated by GPC and DSC measurement, respectively.
Altered Macrophage and Dendritic Cell Response inMif−/− Mice Reveals a Role of Mif for Inflammatory-Th1 Response in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Sánchez-Zamora Yuriko Itzel , Juarez-Avelar Imelda , Vazquez-Mendoza Alicia , Hiriart Marcia , Rodriguez-Sosa Miriam
Published: September 2016

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (Mif) is highly expressed in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, there is limited information about how Mif influences the activation of macrophages (Mφ) and dendritic cells (DC) in T1DM. To address this issue, we induced T1DM by administering multiple low doses of streptozotocin (STZ) toMif−/−or wild-type (Wt) BALB/c mice. We found thatMif−/−mice treated with STZ (Mif−/−STZ) developed lower levels of hyperglycemia, inflammatory cytokines, and specific pancreatic islet antigen- (PIAg-) IgG and displayed reduced cellular infiltration into the pancreatic islets compared to Wt mice treated with STZ (WtSTZ). Moreover, Mφand DC fromMif−/−STZ displayed lower expression of MHC-II, costimulatory molecules CD80, CD86, and CD40, Toll-like receptor- (TLR-) 2, and TLR-4 than WtSTZ. These changes were associated with a reduced capacity of Mφand DC fromMif−/−STZ to induce proliferation in ovalbumin-specific T cells. All the deficiencies observed inMif−/−STZ were recovered by exogenous administration of recombinant Mif. These findings suggest that Mif plays a role in the molecular mechanisms of Mφand DC activation and drives T cell responses involved in the pathology of T1DM. Therefore, Mif is a potential therapeutic target to reduce the pathology of T1DM.
Formation Control for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles with Directed and Switching Topologies
Authors: Qi Yahui , Zhou Shaolei , Kang Yuhang , Yan Shi
Published: September 2016

Formation control problems for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarm systems with directed and switching topologies are investigated. A general formation control protocol is proposed firstly. Then, by variable transformation, the formation problem is transformed into a consensus problem, which can be solved by a novel matrix decomposition method. Sufficient conditions to achieve formation with directed and switching topologies are provided and an explicit expression of the formation reference function is given. Furthermore, an algorithm to design the gain matrices of the protocol is presented. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
Dynamic Characterization of Typical Electrical Circuits via Structural Properties
Authors: Avila-Becerril Sofía , Espinosa-Pérez Gerardo , Fernandez Paul
Published: September 2016

The characterization of a class of electrical circuits is carried out in terms of both stability properties and steady-state behavior. The main contribution is the interpretation of the electrical topology (how the elements that conform the circuits are interconnected) in terms of mathematical properties derived from the structure of their models. In this sense, at what extent the topology by itself defines the dynamic behavior of the systems is explained. The study is based on the graph theory allowing capturing, departing from the well-known Kirchhoff laws, the topology of the circuits into several matrices with specific structure. The algebraic analysis of these matrices permits identifying conditions that determine whether the system is stable in the sense of Lyapunov and the kind of steady-state behavior that it exhibits. The approach is mainly focused on typical topologies widely used in practice, namely, radial, ring, and mesh networks.
Identification of the Metabolic Enzyme Involved Morusin Metabolism and Characterization of Its Metabolites by Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time‐of‐Flight Mass Spectrometry (UPLC/Q‐TOF‐MS/MS)
Authors: Shi Xianbao , Mackie Brianna , Zhang Gang , Yang Shuman , Song Yonggui , Su Dan , Liu Yali , Shan Lina
Published: September 2016

Morusin, the important active component of a traditional Chinese medicine, Morus alba L., has been shown to exhibit many vital pharmacological activities. In this study, six recombinant CYP450 supersomes and liver microsomes were used to perform metabolic studies. Chemical inhibition studies and screening assays with recombinant human cytochrome P450s were also used to characterize the CYP450 isoforms involved in morusin metabolism. The morusin metabolites identified varied greatly among different species. Eight metabolites of morusin were detected in the liver microsomes from pigs (PLMs), rats (RLMs), and monkeys (MLMs) by LC‐MS/MS and six metabolites were detected in the liver microsomes from humans (HLMs), rabbits (RAMs), and dogs (DLMs). Four metabolites (M1, M2, M5, and M7) were found in all species and hydroxylation was the major metabolic transformation. CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP3A4, and CYP2C19 contributed differently to the metabolism of morusin. Compared to other CYP450 isoforms, CYP3A4 played the most significant role in the metabolism of morusin in human liver microsomes. These results are significant to better understand the metabolic behaviors of morusin among various species.
Research on the Concentration Prediction of Nitrogen in Red Tide Based on an Optimal Grey Verhulst Model
Authors: Hu Xiaomei , Wang Yubin , Yu Yue , Wang Dong , Tian Yuan
Published: September 2016

In order to reduce the harm of red tide to marine ecological balance, marine fisheries, aquatic resources, and human health, an optimal Grey Verhulst model is proposed to predict the concentration of nitrogen in seawater, which is the key factor in red tide. The Grey Verhulst model is established according to the existing concentration data series of nitrogen in seawater, which is then optimized based on background value and time response formula to predict the future changes in the nitrogen concentration in seawater. Finally, the accuracy of the model is tested by the posterior test. The results show that the prediction value based on the optimal Grey Verhulst model is in good agreement with the measured nitrogen concentration in seawater, which proves the effectiveness of the optimal Grey Verhulst model in the forecast of red tide.
Validation of Prediction Models for Near Adult Height in Children with Idiopathic Growth Hormone Deficiency Treated with Growth Hormone: A Belgian Registry Study
Authors: Straetemans Saartje , De Schepper Jean , Thomas Muriel , Verlinde Franciska , Rooman Raoul ,   and the members of BESPEED
Published: September 2016

Background/Aim: To validate prediction models for near final adult height (nFAH) by Ranke et al. [Horm Res Paediatr 2013;79:51-67]. Methods: Height data of 127 (82 male) idiopathic growth hormone (GH)-deficient children, treated with GH until nFAH, were retrieved from the database of the Belgian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology (BESPEED). nFAH was predicted after first-year GH treatment, applying prediction models by Ranke et al. Bland-Altman plots and Clarke error grid analyses were performed to assess clinical significance of the differences between observed and predicted nFAH. Results: In males, the predicted nFAH was higher than the observed nFAH (difference: 0.2 ± 0.7 SD; p < 0.01). In females, there was no significant difference. Bland-Altman analyses showed that the means of the differences between observed and predicted nFAH were close but not equal to zero, with overprediction for smaller heights and underprediction for taller heights. Clarke error grid analysis: in males, 59-61% of the predicted nFAH were within 0.5 SDS and 88% within 1.0 SDS from the observed nFAH; in females, 40-44% of the predicted nFAH were within 0.5 SDS and 76-78% within 1.0 SDS from the observed nFAH. Conclusion: Ranke's models accurately predicted nFAH in females and overpredicted nFAH in males by about 1.5 cm. In most individuals, the predicted nFAH was within 1 SDS of observed nFAH. These models can be of help in giving realistic expectations of adult height.
Phase I Study of CHK1 Inhibitor LY2603618 in Combination with Gemcitabine in Patients with Solid Tumors
Authors: Calvo Emiliano , Braiteh Fadi , Von Hoff Daniel , McWilliams Robert , Becerra Carlos , Galsky Matthew D. , Jameson Gayle , Lin Ji , McKane Scott , Wickremsinhe Enaksha R. , Hynes Scott M. , Bence Lin Aimee , Hurt Karla , Richards Donald
Published: September 2016

Objective: LY2603618, a selective inhibitor of checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) and key regulator of the DNA damage checkpoint, may enhance the effects of antimetabolites. This phase I study defined the recommended phase II dose of LY2603618 combined with gemcitabine. Patients and Methods: Patients with advanced/metastatic disease were administered doses of LY2603618 (70-250 mg/m2 or flat-fixed doses of 200 or 230 mg) after gemcitabine (1,000 mg/m2). Safety and pharmacokinetics (PK) were assessed. Results: Among the 50 patients enrolled, frequent adverse events possibly related to study drug treatment included fatigue (44%), decreased platelets (42%), decreased neutrophils (32%), nausea (26%), and decreased hemoglobin (20%). Systemic exposure of LY2603618 increased dose dependently, while clearance was relatively dose independent. The mean LY2603618 half-life varied; however, the durations were still suitable for maintaining human exposures while minimizing accumulation. LY2603618 PK were not altered by gemcitabine administration. Plasma exposures that correlate with the maximal pharmacodynamic effect in nonclinical models were achieved for all doses. One patient with non-small cell lung cancer carcinoma achieved a partial response; 22 patients had stable disease. Conclusions: The maximum tolerated dose of LY2603618 combined with gemcitabine was 200 mg/m2, but a fixed LY2603618 dose of 230 mg combined with gemcitabine was selected as the recommended phase II dose.
Bilateral Ocular Myositis Associated with Whipple's Disease
Authors: Parkash Vivak , Mudhar Hardeep Singh , Wagner Bart E. , Raoult Didier , Batty Ruth , Lepidi Hubert , Burke John , Collini Paul , de Silva Thushan
Published: September 2016

Purpose: To describe the clinical features of a Caucasian female patient with a history of treated gastrointestinal Whipple's disease (WD) who developed new-onset diplopia, with a description of the histopathological features of the extraocular muscle biopsies. Methods: A previously fit 38-year-old Caucasian female presented with acute-onset diplopia after being on a sustained medication regime for biopsy-proven gastrointestinal WD. A magnetic resonance imaging scan of her orbits with gadolinium revealed diffuse enhancement of the bellies of the extraocular muscles bilaterally, particularly the medial rectus, superior rectus, and superior oblique muscles, consistent with an infiltrative myositis. She underwent unilateral extraocular muscle biopsies. Results: The extraocular muscle biopsies contained macrophages between the muscle fibres. These contained periodic acid-Schiff-positive cytoplasmic granules. Immunohistochemistry with an antibody raised to Tropheryma whipplei showed positive staining of the same macrophages. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of effete T. whipplei cell membranes in lysosomes. Conclusion: This case describes bilateral WD-associated extraocular muscle myositis. The exact mechanism for this unusual presentation is unclear, but both a WD-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome and treatment failure are possibilities, with a good response observed to antibiotic therapy and adjunctive corticosteroids.
Risk Factors for Failure of Male Slings and Artificial Urinary Sphincters: Results from a Large Middle European Cohort Study
Authors: Hüsch Tanja , Kretschmer Alexander , Thomsen Frauke , Kronlachner Dominik , Kurosch Martin , Obaje Alice , Anding Ralf , Pottek Tobias , Rose Achim , Olianas Roberto , Friedl Alexander , Hübner Wilhelm , Homberg Roland , Pfitzenmaier Jesco , Grein Ulrich , Queissert Fabian , Naumann Carsten Maik , Schweiger Josef , Wotzka Carola , Nyarangi-Dix Joanne , Hofmann Torben , Ulm Kurt , Bauer Ricarda M. , Haferkamp Axel ,   Debates on Male Incontinence (DOMINO)-Project
Published: September 2016

Introduction: We analysed the impact of predefined risk factors: age, diabetes, history of pelvic irradiation, prior surgery for stress urinary incontinence (SUI), prior urethral stricture, additional procedure during SUI surgery, duration of incontinence, ASA-classification and cause for incontinence on failure and complications in male SUI surgery. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively identified 506 patients with an artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) and 513 patients with a male sling (MS) in a multicenter cohort study. Complication rates were correlated to the risk factors in univariate analysis. Subsequently, a multivariate logistic regression adjusted to the risk factors was performed. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A history of pelvic irradiation was an independent risk factor for explantation in AUS (p < 0.001) and MS (p = 0.018). Moreover, prior urethral stricture (p = 0.036) and higher ASA-classification (p = 0.039) were positively correlated with explantation in univariate analysis for AUS. Urethral erosion was correlated with prior urethral stricture (p < 0.001) and a history of pelvic irradiation (p < 0.001) in AUS. Furthermore, infection was correlated with additional procedures during SUI surgery in univariate analysis (p = 0.037) in MS. Conclusions: We first identified the correlation of higher ASA-classification and explantation in AUS. Nevertheless, only a few novel risk factors had a significant influence on the failure of MS or AUS.
Formações nacionais de classe e raça
Authors: Guimarães Antonio Sérgio Alfredo
Published: September 2016

Neste texto, proponho a releitura de dois conceitos-chave nos estudos históricos sobre racismo e movimentos sociais negros nas Américas - racialização e formação racial -, examinando-os à luz das teorias das classes sociais e da formação de grupos sociais em geral. Meu ponto de partida é de que esses conceitos não podem ser operacionalizados na análise de processos históricos senão em concomitância com análises concretas de formações nacionais e de classes. Tomo o Brasil moderno e contemporâneo para sustentar empiricamente os processos históricos que podem fundamentar empiricamente a minha proposta conceitual.
Classes sociais e simbolização na cidade do Porto. Elementos teóricos e resultados de pesquisa empírica.
Authors: Pereira Virgilio Borges
Published: September 2016

O presente texto procura demonstrar a relevância do trabalho de Pierre Bourdieu para o desenvolvimento de pesquisa sociológica sobre classes sociais e processos de simbolização na cidade. A partir de uma leitura de La Distinction, o texto documenta o percurso teórico-empírico formulado na análise da cidade do Porto, em Portugal. Com recurso à técnica de análise de correspondências múltiplas, demonstra-se a relevância das perspetivas topológicas para o conhecimento das relações entre divisões sociais e simbólicas na cidade. Para esse efeito, elabora-se uma síntese interpretativa dos resultados das pesquisas efetuadas neste âmbito na cidade e analisa-se, mais pormenorizadamente, o modo como tais relações se estruturam num dos seus bairros.
Apresentação
Authors: Bertoncelo Edison , Pereira Virgílio Borges
Published: September 2016

O texto faz a apresentação ao dossiê e aos artigos.
DEPOIMENTO SOBRE OS 100 ANOS DA REVISTA ORPHEU
Authors: Moisés Carlos Felipe
Published: September 2016

Transcrição do depoimento conduzido por Lilian Jacoto, gravado em vídeo por Roberta Ferraz.
ENTREVISTA COM HELDER MACEDO
Authors: Joaquim Ana Cristina , Sousa Rui Daniel Nascimento
Published: September 2016

ENTREVISTA COM O POETA, ESCRITOR DE PROSA DE FICÇÃO, ENSAÍSTA E PROFESSOR HELDER MACEDO (POR ANA CRISTINA JOAQUIM E RUI DANIEL NASCIMENTO SOUSA).
NA MADRUGADA IRREAL DO QUINTO IMPÉRIO: DA HISTÓRIA PROFÉTICA EM MENSAGEM DE FERNANDO PESSOA
Authors: Alves Daniel Vecchio
Published: September 2016

Desde a cronística, a história de Portugal inscreve-se num horizonte mítico e profético, história convertida em objeto de lenda e acontecimento de ordem simbólica. Para essa inscrição, veremos que a representação épica da expansão marítima foi fundamental para a manutenção da grandiloquencia do passado europeu, sobretudo em Portugal, justamente em momentos de regime e opressão. Por outro lado, veremos que Fernando Pessoa transforma essa herança épica em instrumento de crítica, abrindo-se para o sentido da esperança no que remete ao futuro. Torna-se, assim, necessário frisar que o épico, sob esse enfoque combativo, jamais perdeu seu potencial expressivo, ainda que algumas das suas manifestações tenham recebido um tratamento antitético. Nesse estudo, observaremos como Pessoa aponta, em Mensagem, a existência de uma outra Índia por descobrir, localizada nos recantos do imaginário e da vontade onírica de busca dos próprios portugueses.
“TUDO QUE VEMOS É OUTRA COISA”. SUBJETIVIDADE E REAL NO FAUSTO DE PESSOA
Authors: Cardoso Patrícia Da Silva
Published: September 2016

A figura de Fausto e seu vínculo com o demônio é tema longevo, remontando suas primeiras aparições ao Novo Testamento, associável que é a Simão, o mago. Acompanhá-lo como tema nas muitas retomadas de que é objeto pela literatura de ficção interessa quando se pensa que, através dele, podem-se observar as mudanças operadas na relação entre o divino e o humano, entre o mundo natural e o sobrenatural, entre bem e mal. O ponto de virada nestas abordagens pode ser identificado na versão de Fausto de Christopher Marlowe, escrita em finais do século XVI, na qual se lê Mefistófeles a afirmar que o inferno é, na verdade, onde estamos. Alguns séculos mais tarde, Fernando Pessoa contribuiria para aprofundar significativamente a imagem esboçada por Marlowe – e depois, em certa medida, desenvolvida por Goethe – ao deslocar o problema de Fausto para o campo da existência subjetiva. Enquanto em algumas versões antigas o personagem era fisicamente dilacerado pelo demônio ao ter sua alma arrebatada em cumprimento do pacto, o Fausto de Pessoa é desde sempre um dilacerado de alma, alguém atormentado pela consciência aguda sobre os limites da consciência, para quem é inútil desejar saber mais quando se sabe que tudo no universo é absolutamente limitado, finito, a começar pela condição de cada um como indivíduo, a de ver o mundo exterior a partir de um olhar interior, subjetivo, insuficiente para abarcar qualquer totalidade e, ao mesmo tempo, saber que o exterior inexiste. Este artigo procurará aprofundar a complexa contribuição de Fernando Pessoa para o tema ao conduzi-lo para a problemática da subjetividade e seus vínculos com o real.
Thyroid Function and Sudden Cardiac Death
Authors: Chaker Layal , van den Berg Marten E. , Niemeijer Maartje N. , Franco Oscar H. , Dehghan Abbas , Hofman Albert , Rijnbeek Peter R. , Deckers Jaap W. , Eijgelsheim Mark , Stricker Bruno H.C. , Peeters Robin P.
Published: September 2016

BACKGROUND:

The association between thyroid function and cardiovascular disease is well established, but no study to date has assessed whether it is a risk factor for sudden cardiac death (SCD). Therefore, we studied the association of thyroid function with SCD in a prospective population-based cohort.

METHODS:

Participants from the Rotterdam Study ≥45 years with thyroid-stimulating hormone or free thyroxine (FT4) measurements and clinical follow-up were eligible. We assessed the association of thyroid-stimulating hormone and FT4 with the risk of SCD by using an age- and sex-adjusted Cox proportional-hazards model, in all participants and also after restricting the analysis to euthyroid participants (defined by thyroid-stimulating hormone 0.4–4.0 mIU/L). Additional adjustment included cardiovascular risk factors, notably hypertension, serum cholesterol, and smoking. We stratified by age and sex and performed sensitivity analyses by excluding participants with abnormal FT4 values (reference range of 0.85–1.95 ng/dL) and including only witnessed SCDs as outcome. Absolute risks were calculated in a competing risk model by taking death by other causes into account.

RESULTS:

We included 10 318 participants with 261 incident SCDs (median follow-up, 9.1 years). Higher levels of FT4 were associated with an increased SCD risk, even in the normal range of thyroid function (hazard ratio, 2.28 per 1 ng/dL FT4; 95% confidence interval, 1.31–3.97). Stratification by age or sex and sensitivity analyses did not change the risk estimates substantially. The absolute 10-year risk of SCD increased in euthyroid participants from 1% to 4% with increasing FT4 levels.

Conclusions:

Higher FT4 levels are associated with an increased risk of SCD, even in euthyroid participants.
The Renewal of Early-Modern Scholarship on the Ambassador: Pierre Ayrault on Diplomatic Immunity
Authors: Fedele Dante
Published: September 2016

This article deals with the doctrine of diplomatic immunity elaborated by the French jurist and humanist Pierre Ayrault (1536–1601). After a brief outline of the debate on diplomatic immunity from the end of the Middle Ages to the middle of the sixteenth century, the article focuses on Ayrault’s discussion of the topic in the works he published between 1563 and 1588, and points to some important changes that occurred in the way in which the figure of the ambassador was conceived at that time. These changes offer us a number of elements which could lead to a better understanding of the transition from the medieval to the early-modern conceptions of diplomacy and ius gentium.
Two new species of Diastatotropis Lacordaire (Coleoptera: Anthribidae) from east Madagascar with a key to species of the genus
Authors: TRÝZNA MILOŠ , BAŇAŘ PETR
Published: September 2016

Two new species, Diastatotropis lepidus Trýzna & Baňař sp. nov. and Diastatotropis humeralis Trýzna & Baňař sp. nov. (Anthribidae: Anthribinae: Cappadocini), from Madagascar are described. Colour habitus photographs are provided. A key to the known species of the genus Diastatotropis is provided.
Bodotria jejuensis sp. nov. (Crustacea, Cumacea, Bodotriidae), a new Korean cumacean
Authors: LEE CHANG-MOK , KIM SUNG-HYUN , KIM YOUNG-HYO
Published: September 2016

A new species of Cumacea belonging to the genus Bodotria Goodsir, 1843 was collected from the Jeju-do Island, Korea. The new speices, Bodotria jejuensis sp. nov. is similar to B. similis Calman, 1907, B. rugosa Gamô, 1963, B. carinata Gamô, 1964, and B. biplicata Gamô, 1964 in having a pitted carapace, prominent dorso-lateral carina, and unarticulated endopod of uropod. However, longish elliptical shape of carapace, well-developed dorso-lateral carina and distinct lateral ridge are the major characteristics which serve to distinguish the new species from its congeners. The new species is fully illustrated and extensively compared with related species. A key to the Korean Bodotria species is also provided.
A new species of Hyphessobrycon Durbin (Characiformes: Characidae) from rio Aripuanã, rio Madeira basin, Brazil
Authors: PASTANA MURILO N. L. , OHARA WILLIAN M.
Published: September 2016

A new species of Hyphessobrycon is described from the rio Aripuanã, rio Madeira basin, Amazonas State, Brazil. Hyphessobrycon procyon can be distinguished from its congeners by the unique combination of the following features: elongation of the dorsal fin in mature males, absence of dark blotches on the dorsal fin, and presence of two humeral blotches. The possibility of a relationship of the new species within H. elachys, H. heliacus, H. loweae, H. moniliger, and H. peugeoti is discussed based on the sharing of characteristics related to the sexual dimorphism and tooth morphology.
Cerambycidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) of Quixadá, Ceará State, Brazil: new records and new species
Authors: NASCIMENTO FRANCISCO E. DE L. , BRAVO FREDDY , MONNÈ MIGUEL A.
Published: September 2016

A checklist of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) of Quixadá County, Ceará State, Brazil is presented. Fifty-six specimens were examined and 32 species were identified, distributed in 29 genera, 19 tribes and two subfamilies. Fifteen species are new distributional records for Ceará State. Nealcidion latipenne (Bates, 1863) is recorded by the first time in Caatinga Biome. Lathroeus immaculatus sp. nov. (Acanthocinini, Lamiinae) is described and figured.
THORPEX Research and the Science of Prediction
Authors: Parsons D. B. , Beland M. , Burridge D. , Bougeault P. , Brunet G. , Caughey J. , Cavallo S. M. , Charron M. , Davies H. C. , Niang A. Diongue , Ducrocq V. , Gauthier P. , Hamill T. M. , Harr P. A. , Jones S. C. , Langland R. H. , Majumdar S. J. , Mills B. N. , Moncrieff M. , Nakazawa T. , Paccagnella T. , Rabier F. , Redelsperger J.-L. , Riedel C. , Saunders R. W. , Shapiro M. A. , Swinbank R. , Szunyogh I. , Thorncroft C. , Thorpe A. J. , Wang X. , Waliser D. , Wernli H. , Toth Z.
Published: September 2016

The Observing System Research and Predictability Experiment (THORPEX) was a 10-yr, international research program organized by the World Meteorological Organization’s World Weather Research Program. THORPEX was motivated by the need to accelerate the rate of improvement in the accuracy of 1-day to 2-week forecasts of high-impact weather for the benefit of society, the economy, and the environment. THORPEX, which took place from 2005 to 2014, was the first major international program focusing on the advancement of global numerical weather prediction systems since the Global Atmospheric Research Program, which took place almost 40 years earlier, from 1967 through 1982. The scientific achievements of THORPEX were accomplished through bringing together scientists from operational centers, research laboratories, and the academic community to collaborate on research that would ultimately advance operational predictive skill. THORPEX included an unprecedented effort to make operational products readily accessible to the broader academic research community, with community efforts focused on problems where challenging science intersected with the potential to accelerate improvements in predictive skill. THORPEX also collaborated with other major programs to identify research areas of mutual interest, such as topics at the intersection of weather and climate. THORPEX research has 1) increased our knowledge of the global-to-regional influences on the initiation, evolution, and predictability of high-impact weather; 2) provided insight into how predictive skill depends on observing strategies and observing systems; 3) improved data assimilation and ensemble forecast systems; 4) advanced knowledge of high-impact weather associated with tropical and polar circulations and their interactions with midlatitude flows; and 5) expanded society’s use of weather information through applied and social science research.
Oceanic Rossby Waves over Eastern Tropical Pacific of Both Hemispheres Forced by Anomalous Surface Winds after Mature Phase of ENSO
Authors: Abe Hiroto , Tanimoto Youichi , Hasegawa Takuya , Ebuchi Naoto
Published: September 2016

The present study examined ENSO-related wind forcing contribution to off-equatorial Rossby wave formations in the eastern tropical regions of the North and South Pacific using satellite altimeter data and atmospheric reanalysis data during the period of 1993–2013. After mature phases of ENSO events, the sea surface height anomaly fields showed that off-equatorial Rossby waves propagated westward along 11°N and 8°S from the eastern Pacific. Starting longitudes of the westward propagation were distant from the eastern coast, especially for weak El Niño events in the 2000s, in contrast to the strong 1997/98 El Niño event in which the propagations started from the coast. Based on observational data, it was hypothesized that the Rossby waves could be formed by off-equatorial zonal belts of wind stress curl anomalies (WSCAs) in 135°–90°W rather than by wave emissions from the eastern coast. A numerical model forced only by WSCAs, that is, without wave emissions from the coast, successfully reproduced observed features of the Rossby waves in 180°–120°W, supporting the study’s hypothesis. During mature phases of El Niño events, equatorially symmetric negative sea level pressure anomalies (SLPAs) resulting from hydrostatic adjustment to the underlying warm sea surface temperature anomalies dominated over the eastern tropical Pacific. Anomalous surface easterlies blowing around the negative SLPA area as geostrophic winds were a major contributor in forming the anticyclonic WSCAs. The polarity of the anomalies is reversed during La Niña events. Therefore, spatial patterns of the SLPAs associated with the ENSO events are necessary to understand the Rossby wave formations.
The Sensitivity of WRF Daily Summertime Simulations over West Africa to Alternative Parameterizations. Part II: Precipitation
Authors: Noble Erik , Druyan Leonard M. , Fulakeza Matthew
Published: September 2016

This paper evaluates the performance of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model as a regional atmospheric model over West Africa. It tests WRF’s sensitivity to 64 configurations of alternative parameterizations in a series of 104 twelve-day September simulations during 11 consecutive years, 2000–10. The 64 configurations combine WRF parameterizations of cumulus convection, radiation, surface hydrology, and the PBL. Simulated daily and total precipitation results are validated against Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) data. Particular attention is given to westward-propagating precipitation maxima associated with African easterly waves (AEWs). A wide range of daily precipitation validation scores demonstrates the influence of alternative parameterizations. The best WRF performers achieve time–longitude correlations (against GPCP) of between 0.35 and 0.42 and spatiotemporal variability amplitudes only slightly higher than observed estimates. A parallel simulation by the benchmark Regional Model version 3 achieves a higher correlation (0.52) and realistic spatiotemporal variability amplitudes. The largest favorable impact on WRF precipitation validation is achieved by selecting the Grell–Devenyi convection scheme, resulting in higher correlations against observations than using the Kain–Fritch convection scheme. Other parameterizations have less obvious impacts. Validation statistics for optimized WRF configurations simulating the parallel period during 2000–10 are more favorable for 2005, 2006, and 2008 than for other years. The selection of some of the same WRF configurations as high scorers in both circulation and precipitation validations supports the notion that simulations of West African daily precipitation benefit from skillful simulations of associated AEW vorticity centers and that simulations of AEWs would benefit from skillful simulations of convective precipitation.
BLM Sagebrush Managers Give Feedback on Eight Climate Web Applications
Authors: Brown Melanie , Bachelet Dominique
Published: September 2016

Sagebrush ecosystems have endured fragmentation and degradation from multiple disturbances. Climate change poses an additional threat that can exacerbate current stresses. Web-based climate applications can provide information to help land managers prepare for challenges. To develop useful and usable tools for land managers’ needs, the collaboration of scientist, web tool developer, and user is needed. Climate scientists and web tool developers at Conservation Biology Institute (CBI) worked with Oregon and Idaho Bureau of Land Management (BLM) sagebrush land managers assessing managers’ needs and defining criteria for useful and usable web-based climate applications. During phone interviews, land managers evaluated a series of climate-related web applications and provided insight on how future applications can best meet their needs. They identified climate variables associated with their management activities, such as the seasonality of precipitation and temperature. They provided feedback about website accessibility, terminology, climate model description, spatial and temporal scale appropriateness, graphics effectiveness, and general content credibility and consistency. Managers are interested in changes in climate, but also in climate change impacts, such as vegetation shifts. Managers need seasonal and multiannual weather forecasts for routine activities and 10–20-yr climate projections for planning exercises, but currently an information gap exists between available weather forecasts (≤12 months) and climate projections (30-yr averages). It was also found that scientific jargon contributes to misunderstandings and misinterpretation of climate information, and this study confirmed the need for better climate science education, through enhanced explanation and collaborative efforts that promote understanding and use of existing web applications.
Leadership and motivation: a qualitative study of transformational leadership and public service motivation
Authors: Andersen Lotte Bøgh , Bjørnholt Bente , Bro Louise Ladegaard , Holm-Petersen Christina
Published: September 2016

Transformational leaders work to clarify a vision, share it with their employees and sustain it in the long run, and this is expected to result in increased employee public service motivation (PSM), that is, orientation towards doing good for others and society. Based on 48 in-depth interviews with 16 childcare leaders and 32 of their employees combined with 16 days of observation in these childcare centers, this article investigates the association between transformational leadership and PSM. When the leaders clarify, share and maintain an organizational vision, their employees are more motivated to do good for society and others, and this motivation tends to be less paternalistic and slightly more society-oriented. This implies that it is relevant to ask not only whether transformational leadership increases PSM, but also how it affects the type of PSM.

Points for practitioners

Transformational leadership happens when leaders strive to develop a vision for the organization, share the vision with the employees and sustain the employees’ attention to the vision. Transformational leadership seems to increase PSM and make employees less paternalistic and more focused on contributing to society.
A Multilevel Test of Constrained Choices Theory
Authors: Vuolo Mike , Kadowaki Joy , Kelly Brian C.
Published: September 2016

According to Bird and Rieker’s sociology of constrained choices, decisions and priorities concerning health are shaped by the contexts—including policy, community, and work/family—in which they are formulated. While each level received attention in the original and subsequent research, we contend their constrained choices theory provides a powerful multilevel framework for modeling health outcomes. We apply this framework to tobacco clean air restrictions, combining a comprehensive database of tobacco policies with the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 from ages 19 to 31. Using multilevel panel models, we find that clean air policies lower the odds of past 30 day smoking and dependence while controlling for other policy-, city-, and individual-level constraints. We also find unique between- and within-person effects, as well as gender effects, for the constraint levied by smoking bans. We argue for the theory’s broad applicability beyond commonly cited findings regarding gender and biological influences.
Uncertain Expertise and the Limitations of Clinical Guidelines in Transgender Healthcare
Authors: shuster stef m.
Published: September 2016

To alleviate uncertainty in the specialized field of transgender medicine, mental and physical healthcare providers have introduced the rhetoric of evidence-based medicine (EBM) in clinical guidelines to help inform medical decision making. However there are no diagnostic tests to assess the effectiveness of transgender medical interventions and no scientific evidence to support the guidelines. Using in-depth interviews with a purposive sample of 23 healthcare providers, I found that providers invoked two strategies for negotiating the guidelines. Some used the rhetoric of EBM and closely followed clinical guidelines to contain uncertainty. Others flexibly interpreted the guidelines to embrace uncertainty. These findings raise questions about the effectiveness of EBM and guidelines in medical decision making. While trans medicine involves an identity and not a biomedical illness, providers use the same strategies to respond to uncertainty as they may in other medical arenas.