bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors for Decreased Pelvic Floor Muscle Strength: Which is More Effective?
Authors: Demir Omer , Comba Cihan
Published: July 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess whether cigarette smoking weakens the pelvic floor and to determine its effective impact relative to other factors.Study Design: Between September 2017 and September 2018, 250 patients admitted to an outpatient gynecology clinic was examined by a single physician and their anamnesis were taken, the data obtained were evaluated retrospectively. As a result of the examination, the pelvic floor muscle strength was evaluated according to the Modified Oxford Scale and the patients evaluated as 1/5 and 2/5 were grouped as having weak muscle strength and the rest were grouped as having high muscle strength. The intention was then to compare these two groups. The SPSS 21.0 for Windows program was used to perform statistical evaluations. Comparative analysis was performed with regression analysis.Results: 250 women participated in the study. 4 patients had muscle strength of 1/5; while 40 patients had muscle strength of 2/5 (17.6%). Patients with muscle strength of 1/5 and 2/5 were grouped as weak muscle strength. Advanced age, increased parity, smoking, and obesity are risk factors for a decrease in pelvic floor muscle strength (p < 0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine which of these factors has the greatest impact on pelvic floor muscle strength. Smoking has a 7-fold effect on decreased muscle strength (OR: 7.925) and obesity has a 5-fold impact (OR: 5.374).Conclusion: Although the mechanism of the effect of cigarette smoking on the pelvic floor is not known, it should be remembered that this effect has an adverse impact together with other factors which also have proven detrimental effects.
Experimental studies on scour of supercritical flow jets in upstream of screens and modelling scouring dimensions using artificial intelligence to combine multiple models (AIMM)
Authors: Sadeghfam Sina , Daneshfaraz Rasoul , Khatibi Rahman , Minaei Omar
Published: July 2019

Performances of screens in watercourses are investigated for dissipating energy of supercritical flows, capable of inducing scour or stabilising hydraulic jumps. Subsequent scouring pits are characterised by pit depth and pit length. Inherent processes are studied through laboratory tests by producing a set of empirical data to formulate a model of the scour for explaining subsequent processes. The experimental set-up comprises: (i) Froude number of supercritical flows (range: 3.5–8.0); (ii) particle densimetric Froude number (range: 2–10) using five granular samples; and (iii) two screen porosities (40% and 50%). Trained and tested artificial intelligence models explain the data by expressing depth and length of the pit through the following levels: Level 1: use the experimental data and test the models of: Sugeno fuzzy logic (SFL) and neuro-fuzzy (NF); and Level 2: use outputs of Level 1 models as inputs to support vector machine (SVM). The results reveal that the Level 2 model improves model performances compared with the single models with respect to R2, root mean square error (RMSE), Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient (NSC) and residual errors. While Level 1 models remain fit-for-purpose, the comparative improvement from Level 1 to Level 2 can be as high as 58% in terms of NSC for the testing phase.
A new framework for the optimal management of urban runoff with low-impact development stormwater control measures considering service-performance reduction
Authors: Mani Melika , Bozorg-Haddad Omid , Loáiciga Hugo A.
Published: July 2019

This paper presents a comprehensive framework for the quantitative management of urban runoff. The framework assesses the response of urban catchments to design rainfall events and identifies low-impact development (LID) stormwater control measures (SCMs) for runoff control and flood mitigation. This research's method determines the optimal areas in which to deploy SCMs to control runoff in urban catchments. The optimization method relies on a three-objective simulation-optimization model that (1) minimizes the volume of runoff at the catchment outlet and at flooding nodes, (2) minimizes the implementation and maintenance costs of LID SCMs, and (3) minimizes the service-performance reduction of LID SCMs. The storm water management model (SWMM) is applied for runoff simulation and is coupled with the multi-objective antlion optimization algorithm (MOALOA). The simulation-optimization method is exemplified with an application to District 6 of Tehran's municipality (Iran). The performance of the simulation-optimization method is compared with that of the multi-objective non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGAII), and, after confirming the superior capacity of the MOALOA, the latter algorithm is applied to District 6 of Tehran municipality, Iran. The identified optimal LID SCMs are ranked with the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method that reveals the preferences of the runoff managers concerning SCMs choices. The most desirable solution herein found shows the optimal LID SCMs provide a significant reduction in runoff volume at the catchment outlet and flooding nodes.
Harmful algal bloom and associated health risks among users of Lake Victoria freshwater: Ukerewe Island, Tanzania
Authors: Mchau Geofrey J. , Makule Edna , Machunda Revocatus , Gong Yun Yun , Kimanya Martin
Published: July 2019

There is a global concern regarding the occurrences of harmful algal blooms (HABs) and their effects on human health. Lake Victoria (LV) has been reported to face eutrophication challenges, resulting in an increase of bloom-forming cyanobacteria. This study is aimed at understanding the association of HABs and health risks at Ukerewe Island. A cross-sectional study conducted on 432 study subjects and water samples for cyanobacteria species identification were collected at LV shores. The results reveal that concentrations of cyanobacteria cells are beyond (WHO) acceptable limits; species of Microcystis aeruginosa range from 90,361.63 to 3,032.031.65 cells/mL and Anabaena spp. range from 13,310.00 to 4,814,702 cells/mL. Water usage indicates that 31% use lake water, 53% well water and 16% treated supplied pipe water. Vomiting and throat irritation was highly reported by lake water users as compared to wells and pipe water (P < 0.001). Gastrointestinal illness (GI) was significantly elevated among lake water users as compared to pipe and well water users (P < 0.001). Visible blooms in lake water were associated with GI, skin irritation and vomiting as compared to water without visible blooms (P < 0.001). The concentration of cyanobacteria blooms poses greater risks when water is used without treatment.
Removal of an anionic azo dye direct black 19 from water using white mustard seed (Semen sinapis) protein as a natural coagulant
Authors: Tie Jingxi , Zheng Zhihong , Li Guoting , Geng NanNan , Chang Ganfang , Yu Lu , Ji Yifan , Shi Ling , Chang Yangyang , Hu Leilei
Published: July 2019

In this study, standard jar tests were conducted using white mustard seed protein (WMSP) as a natural coagulant to remove direct black 19 (DB-19) from its aqueous solution. Comparative coagulation tests were performed using commercial polyaluminum chloride (PAC). The results showed that DB-19 removal by WMSP increased with increasing settling time and reached the maximum removal at 180 min. The DB-19 removal descended from 98.4 to 46.2% as pH increased from 4 to 10. The most effective temperature for DB-19 removal was 25 °C. The removal of DB-19 was weakened by the presence of Na2S2O4. Overall, WMSP was more efficient than PAC for DB-19 removal in all experiments except at pH 4 and 5. The mechanism of the removal of DB-19 by WMSP could be attributed to adsorption and charge neutralization processes.
ENTRE O SABER E A FÉ
Authors: Cerva Ana Carine
Published: July 2019

O presente artigo discute as implicações da coexistência de práticas religiosas populares, nomeadamente, as festas à Santa Isabel e os ritos ao Espírito Santo, em concomitância com as manifestações seculares na esfera pública do Estado Português. Em particular, questiona-se como o princípio da laicidade em Portugal contribui para a coexistência de dinâmicas religiosas e seculares, as quais podem gerar processos de aprendizagem complementar entre os dois saberes. Para tanto, a sociologia da religião e da moral de Durkheim é atualizada e colocada em dialogo com as ideias de pós-secularização de Habermas. O estudo segue uma metodologia qualitativa de base interpretativa. Por meio da análise dos materiais construídos visualizam-se algumas configurações pós-seculares no país lusitano. Compreende-se que a condição pós-secular e o pluralismo religioso e de valores são desafios das modernidades múltiplas.
COMO SE FAZ UM NEOCLÁSSICO NA SOCIOLOGIA
Authors: Freitas Carlos
Published: July 2019

Na teoria sociológica contemporânea, com frequência, a oposição entre universalismo e particularismo reaparece como uma questão de difícil resolução científica. Além da preocupação em se entender as condições de gênese dos valores, também se coloca a questão das condições objetivas de universalizaçãode determinados valores particulares. Em que medida os agentes sociais se guiam por critérios valorativos particularistas ou universalistas e sob quais condições, posições morais particulares podem se universalizar? Como se sabe, essa preocupação com a generalização dos valores recebeu na sociologia de Talcott Parsons o estatuto de problemática sociológica e foi explorada pelo sociólogo estadunidense ao longo de sua obra. Convém assinalar sua aplicação ao estudo dos quatro imperativos funcionais dos sistemas sociais. No entanto, recentemente, a problemática da generalização de valores vem recebendo diferentes atualizações teóricas em obras de nomes contemporâneos da sociologia. Em Habermas, a generalização dos valores é situada dentro de sua discussão sobre o processo de “linguistificação do sagrado”. Por conseguinte, em Hans Joas, reaparece vinculada ao tema da “comunicação referente a valores”. Não obstante, os dois sociólogos alemães convergem nos esforços de extrair o conceito de generalização de valores da moldura funcionalista onipresente na sociologia parsoniana. Mas a partir de estratégias diferenciadas. Neste ensaio, interessa-me examinar em particular o modo como Joas atualiza o conceito parsoniano de generalização de valores. E, na sequência, argumentar em defesa da atualidade de Parsons como um neoclássico das ciências sociais.

Palavras-chave: Sociológica Contemporânea. Neoclássico. Talcott Parsons. Generalização de valores.
"NÃO BATI NELA, BATI NO ATREVIMENTO DELA"
Authors: Morais Andressa
Published: July 2019

A Lei Maria da Penha207 entrou em vigor em setembro de 2006 a fim de punir os atos de violência praticados contra as mulheres. Maria da Penha é uma mulher real de 74 anos, cearense, farmacêutica e bioquímica, que deu nome à Lei nº 11.340/2006 por ter sido vítima de violência doméstica praticada por seu ex-marido durante 23 anos. Em 1983 sofreu duas tentativas de assassinato, a primeira através de um tiro com arma de fogo que deixou Maria da Penha paraplégica. Na segunda tentativa, o marido de Maria tentou eletrocutá-la e afogá-la. Em decorrência disto Maria decide denunciá-lo, no entanto a punição para tais atos de violência contra a mulher só ocorreu após 19 anos. Este ano a Lei Maria da Penha completará 13 anos, mas histórias como a de Maria de Penha continuam se reproduzindo. Essas e outras questões serão discutidas na entrevista com Érica Canuto, Promotora de Justiça do Ministério Público do estado do Rio Grande do Norte.
On the Measurement of Cooperativity and the Physico-Chemical Meaning of the Hill Coefficient
Authors: Bellelli Andrea , Caglioti Emanuele
Published: July 2019

Cooperative ligand binding is a fundamental property of many biological macromolecules, notably transport proteins, hormone receptors, and enzymes. Positive homotropic cooperativity, the form of cooperativity that has greatest physiological relevance, causes the ligand affinity to increase as ligation proceeds, thus increasing the steepness of the ligand-binding isotherm. The measurement of the extent of cooperativity has proven difficult, and the most commonly employed marker of cooperativity, the Hill coefficient, originates from a structural hypothesis that has long been disproved. However, a wealth of relevant biochemical data has been interpreted using the Hill coefficient and is being used in studies on evolution and comparative physiology. Even a cursory analysis of the pertinent literature shows that several authors tried to derive more sound biochemical information from the Hill coefficient, often unaware of each other. As a result, a perplexing array of equations interpreting the Hill coefficient is available in the literature, each responding to specific simplifications or assumptions. In this work, we summarize and try to order these attempts, and demonstrate that the Hill coefficient (i) provides a minimum estimate of the free energy of interaction, the other parameter used to measure cooperativity, and (ii) bears a robust statistical correlation to the population of incompletely saturated ligation intermediates. Our aim is to critically evaluate the different analyses that have been advanced to provide a physical meaning to the Hill coefficient, and possibly to select the most reliable ones to be used in comparative studies that may make use of the extensive but elusive information available in the literature.
Highly Significant Scaffolds to Design and Synthesis Cholinesterase Inhibitors as Anti-Alzheimer Agents
Authors: Pourshojaei Yaghoub , Eskandari Khalil , Asadipour Ali
Published: July 2019

:

Alzheimer, a progressive disease, is a common term for memory loss which interferes with daily life through severe influence on cognitive abilities. Based on the cholinergic hypothesis, and Xray crystallographic determination of the structure of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme, the level of acetylcholine (ACh, an important neurotransmitter associated with memory) in the hippocampus and cortex area of the brain has a direct effect on Alzheimer. This fact encourages scientists to design and synthesize a wide range of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) to control the level of ACh in the brain, keeping in view the crystallographic structure of AChE enzyme and drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

:

AChEIs have slightly diverse pharmacological properties, but all of them work by inhibiting the segregation of ACh by blocking AChE. We reviewed significant scaffolds introduced as AChEIs. In some studies, the activity against butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) has been evaluated as well because BuChE is a similar enzyme to neuronal acetylcholinesterase and is capable of hydrolyzing ACh. In order to study AChEIs effectively, we divided them structurally into 12 classes and briefly explained effective AChEIs and compared their activities against AChE enzyme.
Study of Serum Soluble Programmed Death Ligand 1 as a Prognostic Factor in Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Egyptian Patients
Authors: El-Gebaly Fatma , Abou-saif Sabry , Elkadeem Mahmoud , Helmy Amal , Abd-Elsalam Sherief , Yousef Mohamed , Elkhouly Reham Abdelkader , Amer Ibrahim Fathi , El-Demerdash Taher
Published: July 2019

Background:

The expression of programmed cell death ligands on tumor cells has a role
in the suppression of antitumor immunity, resulting in tumor immune evasion.

Objective:

In this study, we evaluated the prognostic value of the soluble form of programmed
death-ligand1 (sPD-L1) in Egyptian hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.

Methods:

This prospective cohort study was performed between November 2016 to November 2018
on 85 individuals (25 HCC patients, 25 HCC with vascular invasion and/or extrahepatic metastasis,
25 patients with liver cirrhosis, 10 healthy controls). The levels of sPD-L1 were determined in all
subjects and compared in different groups and stages of cirrhosis and HCC. The association between
sPD-L1 levels and overall survival (OS) was assessed.

Results:

Significant statistical difference in sPD-L1 was detected between different study groups.
The cut-off value for normal sPD-L1 was defined by high sPD-L1 levels determined in a healthy
control cohort. It was 2.522 ng/ml. In HCC patients, cut-off value was 7.42 ng/ml (sensitivity 88%,
specificity 100%). In HCC with vascular invasion or metastasis, cut–off value was 9.62 ng/ml (sensitivity
88%, specificity 88%). Patients with high serum sPD-L1 or serum bilirubin concentrations
had an increased risk of mortality.

Conclusion:

High sPD-L1 level could be a possible prognostic indicator for a poor outcome in liver
cirrhosis and HCC patients. The predictive value of sPD-L1 levels for a successful anti- PD1/PD-L1
therapy should be investigated in the future.
Research Progress on Solanesol Extraction from Tobacco Wastes
Authors: Yan Tiejun , Zhao Guojie , Wu Fengguang , Liu Jialei , Zhang Shaofeng
Published: July 2019

Solanesol has antibacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antiulcer biological activities, and is a key intermediate in the synthesis of coenzyme Q10, vitamin K2, and the anticancer synergist N-solanesyl-N,N'-bis(3,4-dimethoxy-benzyl)ethylenediamine (SDB) and other ubiquinone drugs. Due to its unique chemical structure, the chemical synthesis of solanesol is difficult, so solanesol is currently mainly isolated from solanaceous plants. Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) has the highest content of solanesol compared to other solanaceous plants. Currently, the research on the extraction of solanesol from tobacco focuses on its extraction and purification. This article reviews the extraction methods, saponification, separation and purification methods of solanesol, as well as the research progress on tobacco solanesol, in China and abroad in recent years. Studies show that the organic solvent extraction method is time-consuming and has a low extraction rate. Modern technology- assisted extraction methods, such as ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, and supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) extraction not only can improve the extraction rate but also can effectively shorten the extraction time. The separation and purification of solanesol from the extracting solution are critical steps to meet the purity requirements of synthetic drugs, and are also key in limiting the large-scale industrial production of high-purity solanesol. Molecular Imprinting Technology (MIT) has the advantages of small investment, simple operation and ease of large scale production compared to chromatographic methods. Solanesol separated by MIT can meet the requirements for synthesizing coenzyme Q10. Nowadays, the synthesis of molecularly-imprinted solanesol polymers with better adsorption efficiency is one of the important directions in the future research of solanesol purification.
Scabies: A Neglected Global Disease
Authors: Leung Alexander K.C. , Lam Joseph M. , Leong Kin F.
Published: July 2019

Background:

Scabies is a skin disease caused by an obligate human parasite mite Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. Children under the age of two and elderly individuals are at the greatest risk. Knowledge of this condition is important for an early diagnosis to be made and treatment to be initiated.

Objective:

The review aimed to familiarize physicians with the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, evaluation, and management of scabies.

Methods:

A search was conducted using Pubmed with the built-in "Clinical Queries" tool. The search term "Scabies" was used. The categories of "epidemiology", "diagnosis", "therapy", "prevention" and "prognosis" had a limited scope for primary clinical studies. Meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews were included. Only papers published in the English language were included. A descriptive, narrative synthesis was provided of the retrieved articles.

Results:

Worldwide, scabies affects 200 to 300 million individuals annually. The average prevalence is estimated to be 5 to 10% in children of developing countries. Transmission usually occurs after close prolonged skin-to-skin contact. Classic scabies is characterized by an erythematous papular eruption, serpiginous burrows, and intense pruritus. Sites of predilection include the webs of the fingers, volar wrists, lateral aspects of fingers, extensor surfaces of elbows and knees, waist, navel, abdomen, buttocks, groins, and, genitals. A clinical diagnosis of classic scabies can be made on the basis of the history and clinical findings. Other clinical variants include crusted scabies, nodular scabies, and bullous scabies. Finding the mite, ova, or fecal pellets on microscopic examination of scrapings taken from skin lesions confirms the diagnosis of scabies infestation. For eradication of scabies mites, the drugs of choice are topical permethrin and oral ivermectin.

Conclusion:

Scabies is a highly contagious parasitic cutaneous disease that is stigmatising and debilitating. Increased awareness, accurate diagnosis, and prompt treatment are essential for the effective control of scabies and for the prevention of the spread of the disease.
Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis and Aortic Stenosis: Connection and Therapeutic Implications
Authors: Penalver Jorge , Ambrosino Maxwell , Jeon Hee D. , Agrawal Akanksha , Kanjanahattakij Napatt , Pitteloud Marie , Stempel Jessica , Amanullah Aman
Published: July 2019

Background:

There is a growing interest in the observed significant incidence of
transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis in elderly patients with aortic stenosis. Approximately, 16% of
patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing aortic valve replacement have transthyretin cardiac
amyloidosis. Outcomes after aortic valve replacement appear to be worst in patients with concomitant
transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis.

Method:

Publications in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases were systematically
searched from January 2012 to September 2018 using the keywords transthyretin, amyloidosis, and
aortic stenosis. All studies published in English that reported the prevalence, association and outcomes
of transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis in patients with aortic stenosis undergoing were included.

Results/Conclusion:

The relationship between aortic stenosis and transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis
is not well understood. A few studies have proven successful surgical management when both
conditions coexist. This systematic review suggests that transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis is
common in elderly patients with aortic stenosis and tend to have high mortality rates after AVR.
The significant incidence of the two diseases occurring simultaneously warrants further
investigation to improve management strategies in the future.
Factors which Influence the Levels of ST-2, Galectin-3 and MMP-9 in Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Goenka Luxitaa , Jha Durga , Sharma Masum , Dhandapani V.E. , George Melvin
Published: July 2019

Background:

Several cardiac biomarkers are being studied to explore their potential in
the prognostication of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). However, there are limited studies
exploring the relationship between these biomarkers and clinical, laboratory and demographic
characteristics.

Objective:

We sought to determine the factors which influence the concentration of novel cardiac
biomarkers such as Galectin-3, suppression of tumorigenicity-2 (ST-2) and Matrix
Metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9) in patients with ACS.

Methods:

A total of 122 patients with ACS were enrolled in the study. The study patients were
categorized into two groups namely: STEMI (n=58) and NSTEMI/UA (n=64). Plasma samples
were used to determine the level of biomarkers, Galectin-3 and ST-2, and serum samples were used
to determine the levels of MMP-9 using the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The
association between the plasma and serum levels of biomarkers and, demographic, clinical and
laboratory variables were determined. Statistical analyses for the study were performed using SPSS
16.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).

Results:

Elderly aged [0.107 (0.012-0.969); p=0.047] patients had higher ST-2. Galectin-3 was
higher among female patients [3.693(1.253-10.887); p=0.018] and patients with low left ventricular
ejection fraction [2.882 (1.041-7.978); p=0.042]. Patients with lower body mass index [3.385
(1.241-9.231); p=0.017], diabetes [3.650 (1.302-10.237); p=0.014] and high total leukocyte count
[2.900 (1.114-7.551; p=0.029] had higher MMP-9 levels.

Conclusion:

The concentration of galectin-3, ST-2 and MMP-9 are independently influenced by
demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics. It is estimated that these factors should be
accounted for when interpreting the results of the biomarker assays.
Inflammatory Response and Endothelial Dysfunction Following Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Pathophysiology and Pharmacological Targets
Authors: Giacinto Omar , Satriano Umberto , Nenna Antonio , Spadaccio Cristiano , Lusini Mario , Mastroianni Ciro , Nappi Francesco , Chello Massimo
Published: July 2019

Background:

Endothelial injury occurring during cardiopulmonary bypass is a major contributing
factor in the development of organ dysfunction, which leads to many of the postoperative
complications occurring during cardiac surgery.

Objective:

This narrative review aims to summarize the main mechanisms of cardiopulmonary bypass -
related disease, evaluating the unfavorable events leading to tissue injury, with a description of current
pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic mechanisms to reduce CPB-related injury.

Methods:

A Medline/Pubmed/Scopus search was conducted using clinical queries with the key terms
"cardiac surgery", “cardiopulmonary bypass”, "inflammation" and “endothelial injury”, and related
MeSH terms, until July 2019. The search strategy included meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials,
clinical trials, reviews and pertinent references. Patents were searched using the same key terms from
https://patents.google.com/, www.uspto.gov, and www.freepatentsonline.com.

Results:

In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of the mechanisms of vascular endothelial
cell injury, the acute inflammatory response, and the regulatory factors that control the extent of vascular
injury during extracorporeal circulation, summarizing the main target of anti-inflammatory pharmacologic
and non-pharmacologic strategies.

Conclusion:

Inflammatory response and endothelial dysfunction following cardiopulmonary bypass are
the prices to pay for the benefits offered during cardiac surgery procedures. Counteracting the detrimental
effect of extracorporeal circulation appears to be crucial to improve clinical outcomes in pediatric
and adult cardiac surgery. The intrinsic complexity and the tight interplay of the factors involved
might require a holistic approach against inflammation and endothelial response.
Primary Healthcare Data Management Practice and Associated Factors: The Case of Health Extension Workers in Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Yitayew Segenet , Asemahagn Mulusew A. , Zeleke Atinkut A.
Published: July 2019

Background:

Collecting quality and timely healthcare data is crucial to improve health service performance.

Objective:

This study aimed at assessing data management practice and associated factors among health extension workers in East Gojjam zone, Northwest Ethiopia.

Materials and Methods:

An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted in 2014 among 302 health extension workers. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 20. The study objectives were described by descriptive statistics, and factors in data management were identified by multivariable logistic regression analysis.

Results:

A total of 302 health extension workers participated in the study. About 47.4% and 53.3% of respondents had good data management knowledge and practice, respectively. Inaccessibility of transportation, communication services, reference materials, and data collection/reporting formats were the mentioned challenges. Workload, data management knowledge, supervision, urban residence, reference materials access and clarity of formats were positively associated with better data management practice (p <0.05).

Conclusion:

Based on this study, the data management practice of health extension workers was low. Factors for low data management practice were organizational and technical related. Addressing knowledge gaps through professional development and improving supportive supervision are crucial to solve the problem.
Urtica dioica in the Management of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH)
Authors: Mahboubi Mohaddese
Published: July 2019

Background::

Benign Prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is known as a disease prevalent in men
after the age of 50 years old. Ninety percent of men with the age of 80 years and over have BPH.
BPH is associated with functional problems like dysuria, nocturia, polyuria, urinary incontinence
and recurrent urinary tract infections. Urtica dioica or nettle is a popular medicinal plant for management
of BPH in men.

Objective::

This article evaluates the efficacy and safety of nettle and its related possible mechanisms
in the management of BPH.

Methods::

For the preparation of this manuscript, all the information was gathered from accessible
and inaccessible resources (Web, Books, Thesis, etc.).

Results::

The results of preclinical and clinical studies confirmed the efficacy of nettle roots extracts
(methanol, ethanol, and petroleum ether) in the improvement of BPH in term of IPSS score, and patient's
life quality. An increase in mean and maximum urinary flow rates and a reduction in prostate
volume and residual urine level were observed after treatment with nettle extract. Nettle roots should
be used for 6-12 months as its use is possible for a long time without any serious adverse effects.

Conclusion::

Designing the clinical trials to compare the efficacy of different extracts from roots or
leaves and investigation of molecular mechanisms of action could be the approaches for future.
Chemically Nano-Engineered Theranostics for Phytoconstituents as Healthcare Application
Authors: Gilani Sadaf Jamal , Beg Sarwar , Kala Chandra , Nomani Mohammed Shivli , Mahapatra Debarshi Kar , Imam Syed Sarim , Taleuzzaman Mohamad
Published: July 2019

Background:

Nanomedicines are capable of disease diagnosis, drug delivery, and in monitoring
the therapeutic result to provide appropriate tasks towards research goals. The best therapeutic
pattern can be achieved by developing a theranostic nanomedicine, which is an emerging field. It has
the advantage of loading phytoconstituents as drugs and is useful for both imaging and therapeutic
function.

Methods:

Nowadays, the design of a novel drug delivery system of the herbal constituent is usually
done through the nanotechnology approach. This technique increases the biological activity and
counters the puzzles associated with plant medicines. Traditional medicine integration with nanocarriers
as an NDDS is very essential in the management of chronic diseases such as hypertension,
diabetes, and cancer.

Results:

The nanotechnology combination with plant science is a green revolution with a practical approach
for decreasing the therapeutic side effects. The object of the study is to review herbal
nanomedicine with an enhanced therapeutic profile and less toxicity.

Conclusion:

The development of herbal theranostic nanoformulation is very useful for the treatment
of different diseases.
Using Hyperbolic Shear Deformation Theory for Study and Analysis, the Thermal Bending of Functionally Graded Sandwich Plate Properties
Authors: Khaled Bendahane , Otbi Bouguenina , Allel Mokaddem , Bendouma Doumi , Khalil Belakhdar
Published: July 2019

Background:

Several studies and patents have been carried out on the realization and optimization
of structures and structural elements subjected to several-weights-critical-applications. Among
the structures optimized in engineering, there are sandwich structures that are mainly used to react under
these conditions.

Objective:

In this article, we have investigated the thermal bending response of simply supported Functionally
Graded Sandwich Plate (FGSP).

Methods:

Using simple Hyperbolic Shear Deformation Theory (HSDT). A type of FGSP with both
functionally graded materiel FGM face and ceramic hard core are considered. Based on the principle of
virtual work, the governing equations are derived and then these equations are solved via Navier procedure.
Analytical solutions are obtained to predict the deflection, axial and shear stress of FGSP.

Results:

To verify the efficiency of the present method a comparison with existing literature and patents
results is employed. The influence of the plate aspect ratio, the relative thickness, the gradient index,
the sandwich plate schemes, and the thermal loading conditions on the bending of FGSP are investigated.

Conclusion:

A good agreement is obtained between present results and the existing literature solutions.
It can be concluded that the proposed theory is accurate and simple in solving the thermoelastic bending
behavior of functionally graded sandwich plates. Various patents have been discussed.
Assessment of the Quality of Randomized Clinical Trials Published by Iranian Researchers in Persian Internal Journals in 2014
Authors: Rafiei Mohammad , Feizi Awat , Shariatpanahi Seyyed P. , Hamraz Iman , Habibi Danial
Published: July 2019

Introduction:

A randomized clinical trial is known as the best and most effective way
to assess the effects of interventions if it is properly planned and implemented. The purpose of this
study was to evaluate the quality of clinical trials published in Persian internal journals by Iranian
researchers.

Method:

In this cross-sectional study, all the clinical trials published by Iranian researchers in the
Iranian Journals in 2014, were evaluated according to entry criteria and finally 587 included articles
were reviewed and their quality was evaluated by using Consolidated Standards of Reporting
Trials (CONSORT) checklist.

Results:

The results revealed that the mean±SD adherence to the CONSORT checklist’s item in
our included articles was 59.61±24.99. The lowest adherence to the items was seen for random allocation
(76.1%), description of the sampling method (70.1%) and presenting RCT code registration
(60.4%), respectively. The highest adherence was observed for title suitability (96%), appropriate
presentation time and place of study (84.2%), a suitable expression of study participants
(82.8%) and time duration of the study (82.3%).

Conclusion:

The adherence to the various items of CONSORT checklist in Iranian Persian language
journals was not in satisfactory status. In this regard, the CONSORT checklist needs to be
carefully followed for conducting and reporting RCTs by Iranian researchers.
Disparities in Electronic Patient Portal Use in Prenatal Care: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ukoha Erinma P , Feinglass Joe , Yee Lynn M
Published: July 2019

Background

Electronic patient portals are websites that provide individuals access to their personal health records and allow them to engage through a secure Web-based platform. These portals are becoming increasingly popular in contemporary health care systems. Patient portal use has been found to be beneficial in multiple specialties, especially in the management of chronic disease. However, disparities have been identified in portal use in which racial and ethnic minorities and individuals with lower socioeconomic status have been shown to be less likely to enroll and use patient portals than non-Hispanic white persons and individuals with higher socioeconomic status. Electronic patient portal use by childbearing women has not been well studied, and data on portal use during pregnancy are limited.

Objective

This study aimed to quantify the use of an electronic patient portal during pregnancy and examine whether disparities related to patients’ demographics or clinical characteristics exist.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study of women who received prenatal care at an academic medical center from 2014 to 2016. Clinical records were reviewed for portal use and patient data. Patients were considered enrolled in the portal if they had an account at the time of delivery, and enrollees were compared with nonenrollees. Enrollees were further categorized based on the number of secure messages sent during pregnancy as active (≥1) or inactive (0) users. Bivariable chi-square and multivariable Poisson regression models were used to calculate the incidence rate ratio of portal enrollment and, if enrolled, of active use based on patients’ characteristics.

Results

Of the 3450 women eligible for inclusion, 2530 (73.33%) enrolled in the portal. Of these enrollees, 72.09% (1824/2530) were active users. There was no difference in portal enrollment by maternal race and ethnicity on multivariable models. Women with public insurance (adjusted incidence rate ratio; aIRR 0.60, 95% CI 0.49-0.84), late enrollment in prenatal care (aIRR 0.78, 95% CI 0.69-0.89 for second trimester and aIRR 0.50, 95% CI 0.39-0.64 for third trimester), and high-risk pregnancies (aIRR 0.82, 95% CI 0.75-0.89) were significantly less likely to enroll. Conversely, nulliparity (aIRR 1.10, 95% CI 1.02-1.20) and having more than 8 prescription medications at prenatal care initiation (aIRR 1.19, 95% CI 1.06-1.32) were associated with greater likelihood of enrollment. Among portal enrollees, the only factor significantly associated with active portal use (ie, secure messaging) was nulliparity (aIRR 1.11, 95% CI 1.01-1.23).

Conclusions

Among an obstetric population, multiple clinical and socioeconomic factors were associated with electronic portal enrollment, but not subsequent active use. As portals become more integrated as tools to promote health, efforts should be made to ensure that already vulnerable populations are not further disadvantaged with regard to electronic-based care.
Brief Intervention to Prevent Sexually Transmitted Infections and Unintended Pregnancies: Protocol of a Mixed Methods Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Stephenson Rob , Metheny Nicholas , Goldenberg Tamar , Bakunina Nataliia , De Vasconcelos Sofia , Blondeel Karel , Kiarie James , Toskin Igor
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND

Sexual well-being is fundamental to physical and emotional health, and the ability to achieve it depends on access to comprehensive sexuality information and high-quality sexual health care from evidence-informed, nonjudgmental providers. Adequate and timely delivery of these components to individuals who are at high risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV, and unintended pregnancies promotes sexual health and mitigates consequences arising from risky sexual behavior. Brief interventions that allow health care providers to improve the information available to clients and motivate and help them to develop risk-reduction skills are seen as efficient ways to improve knowledge, change client behavior, and reduce provider stigma regarding sexual health.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the study is to evaluate five aspects of feasibility (acceptability, willingness, safety, satisfaction, and process) of a brief sexuality-related communication (BSC) intervention based on motivational interviewing and behavior change techniques in primary health care settings in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

METHODS

This protocol outlines a multisite, multiphase study of feasibility of a BSC intervention in primary health care settings in LMICs that will be examined across four phases of the study. Phases I through III involve the collection of formative, qualitative data to examine provider and client perceptions of the feasibility of the intervention, adaptation of the intervention guide, and training providers on how to implement the final version of the BSC intervention. During phase IV, the feasibility of the intervention will be tested in a nonrandomized pre-post test trial where providers and clients will be followed for 6 months and participate in multiphase data collection.

RESULTS

Phase I is currently underway in Moldova, and phases I and II were completed in Peru in late 2019. Results are expected for the feasibility study in 2021.

CONCLUSIONS

This feasibility study will determine whether the implementation of brief intervention programs aimed at improving sexual health outcomes is possible in the constraints of LMIC health systems and will add to our understanding of factors shaping clinical practice among primary care providers.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/15569
Navigating through digital health outcome evaluation methodologies: an algorithm based on a scoping review and emerging methodologies. (Preprint)
Authors: Perrin Caroline , Randriambelonoro Mirana , Geissbuhler Antoine
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND

Digital health interventions are recognized for their potential and are increasingly implemented globally. The evidence base is growing, but currently there are still relatively few studies evaluating improvements of digital health interventions in health outcomes

OBJECTIVE

The objectives of this article were to understand, analyze and map how researchers approach digital health outcome evaluations in different settings through a scoping review and to develop an algorithm, based on these results, to provide a pedagogical overview of methods for evaluating health outcomes of digital health interventions.

METHODS

For the scoping review PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were scanned using a predefined search strategy to identify articles measuring the impact of digital health interventions on health outcomes. The algorithm was developed based on analysis and insights from the scoping review.

RESULTS

The database search retrieved 3584 citations of which 208 were included. These articles were reviewed in detail and were classified into different categories: level of income (of the country where the study was conducted), system categories, disease addressed by the intervention, and evaluation method. The gap analysis identified additional emerging approaches that were included in the algorithm.

CONCLUSIONS

Through analysis of the literature, we were able to demonstrate that digital health outcome studies rely on traditional clinical evaluation designs, even though these interventions are often more complex and depended on the context, culture, and the individual than classical interventions like insulin on its receptor. In addition to the methodologies extracted from studies through the database search we identified study methodologies through desk research, whose design features address some of the shortcomings of traditional clinical methodologies, when applying them to digital health interventions. We integrated all identified methodologies into an algorithm that provides a high-level overview, enables the user to navigate through these methodologies based on the design features and investigator’s priorities, and to facilitate the identification of one or more potential appropriate methodologies.
Implementasi Peraturan Kepala Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia Nomor 24 Tahun 2011 tentang Pedoman Penyelenggaraan Kearsipan di Lingkungan Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Handayani Tri
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini berjudul Implementasi Peraturan Kepala Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia (ANRI) Nomor 24 Tahun 2011 tentang Pedoman Penyelenggaraan Kearsipan di Lingkungan Perguruan Tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang bertujuan agar masyarakat, khususnya di perguruan tinggi mengetahui aspek-aspek apa saja yang diatur dalam peraturan tersebut. Selain itu, agar mereka juga mengetahui rujukan apa saja yang dapat digunakan dalam penyelenggaraan kearsipan perguruan tinggi. Penyelenggaraan kearsipan ini didorong untuk menerapkan model berkelanjutan (record continuum model). Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, maka aspek-aspek dalam penyelenggaraannya harus benar-benar dipersiapkan sesuai dengan tujuan yang ada. Aspek-aspek tersebut meliputi: aspek penetapan kebijakan penyelenggaraan kearsipan bagi perguruan tinggi, aspek penetapan kebijakan, aspek pedoman atau standar kearsipan, aspek pembinaan, aspek pengelolaan arsip dan aspek sumber daya pendukung. ANRI telah menyediakan berbagai peraturan kepala ANRI sebagai pedoman bagi perguruan tinggi dalam penyusunan pedoman yang berlaku di internal perguruan tinggi masing-masing.
STUDI PENGARUH JARI-JARI DALAM MAGNET TERHADAP TEGANGAN GENERATOR AKSIAL PADA BAHAN CAKRAM AKRILIK
Authors: Prihatmoko Pebri , Wijaya F. Danang , Suharyanto Suharyanto
Published: July 2019

The high cost of making rotor discs is one aspect that becomes an obstacle in the implementation of axial generator research. This study aims to compare acrylic discs with wooden discs in terms of axial generator output voltage and production costs, so that further research can use alternative discs with lower cost. This study uses an experimental method, where this method is used to find existing variables. On a generator with an acrylic disc, the average voltage is 16.6 volts with a manufacturing cost of 151,500 rupiah. Whereas on generator with wood disc, the average voltage is 17.2 volts with a manufacturing cost of 48,750 rupiah. Thus wood disc can be an alternative material in making cheap axial generator rotor discs.
EFEKTIFITAS PENAMBAHAN MEDIA GEOTEKSTIL PADA SARINGAN PASIR LAMBAT TERHADAP PENYISIHAN PARAMETER KEKERUHAN, JUMLAH COLI DAN COD
Authors: Kusumawardani Yustika , Astuti Widi
Published: July 2019

Slow sand filter processing is done by separating raw contaminant water which is passed slowly on sand. Fluctuating raw water quality resulted in the schmutzdecke layer not growing optimally. Therefore, it is needed media that help the performance of the sand filter. One of the media used is geotextile. The geotextile is useful as a medium to optimize the growth of microorganisms in the schmutzdecke layer. Geotextiles have similar surface structures such as sand filters as well as their pores. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of adding geotextiles in reducing turbidity parameters, number of coli and COD. This study used slow sand filter reactor with a continuous flow system of 0.3 m3 / m2.jam for 7 days. Based on the research, the addition of geotextile media is quite effective and can improve the performance of slow sand filter. Percentage of turbidity removal reached 94.27%, coli 99.40% and COD 92.85%. COD values tend to be dynamic as raw water conditions. Geotextiles is quite helpful in growing a layer of schmutzdecke because the structure resembles sand so as to increase the number of bacteria bed filters.
ESTIMASI PRODUKSI JAGUNG (Zea Mays L.) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN CITRA SENTINEL 2A DI SEBAGIAN WILAYAH KABUPATEN JENEPONTO PROVINSI SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Irsan Laode Muhamad , Murti Sigit Heru , Widayani Prima
Published: July 2019

Production is a real benchmark in successful crop management which is the most important output economically. Currently, corn production estimates are generally done by conventional means through field surveys. This conventional way requires a high cost and a long time. Appropriate agricultural management requires precise and accurate information or data to increase production and economic benefits. Sentinel 2A remote sensing satellite data is potential to be used in assessment of corn production estimation. The purpose of this research is to make land use mapping and corn production estimation by using spectral approach. Estimated data were obtained from Sentinel 2A image by mapping land use and modeling of vegetation index (NDVI, SAVI, MSAVI, TSAVI, EVI, and ARVI) then compared with data of corn production in the field. The result of data analysis shows land use mapping using Sentinel 2A image has 91% confidence level. Calculation of production estimation can show the accuracy of 74% with RMSE 0.69. The highest correlation is estimated production with EVI index model with regression correlation equal to 74% which shows strong correlation on both variables. Estimated production of corn in 2017 in Jeneponto Regency is 178,660,69 tons.