bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of donor human milk on the length of hospital stay in very low birthweight infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Rui , Chen Danqi , Deng Qingqi , Xu Xinfen
Published: October 2020

Background

Donor human milk (DHM) is an alternative to preterm infant formula if the mother’s own milk is not available. Since the lactation period and preservation treatment of DHM are different from those of mother’s own milk, we aimed to determine the reduction in the length of hospital stay by DHM compared to preterm infant formula.

Methods

In this systematic review, we searched PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library to retrieve studies on the impact of DHM on the clinical outcomes of preterm infants published before 1 November 2019. The study included very low birthweight (VLBW) infants taking either DHM or infant formula with data on the length of hospital stay. Data were analysed using Review Manager 5.3 software.

Results

The literature search yielded 136 articles, and four randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and eight observational studies met the inclusion criteria. A meta-analysis of the RCTs (N = 725) showed no reduction in the length of hospital stay in both the DHM and infant formula groups (− 0.22 days; 95% CI -6.38, 5.95 days), whereas that of the eight observational studies (N = 2496) showed a significant reduction in the length of hospital stay in the DHM group (− 11.72 days; 95% CI -22.07, − 1.37 days). A subgroup analysis of the RCTs revealed that the incidence of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) was significantly lower in the DHM group when the analysis included high-quality RCTs (RR = 0.32; 95% CI 0.15, 0.69).

Conclusions

This systematic review of RCTs showed that DHM neither prolonged nor shortened the length of hospital stay in VLBW infants compared to preterm infant formula; however, it reduced the incidence of NEC, further validating the protective role of DHM in the health and safety of VLBW infants.
The worldwide prevalence of the Dupuytren disease: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Salari Nader , Heydari Mohammadbagher , Hassanabadi Masoud , Kazeminia Mohsen , Farshchian Nikzad , Niaparast Mehrdad , Solaymaninasab Yousef , Mohammadi Masoud , Shohaimi Shamarina , Daneshkhah Alireza
Published: October 2020

Background

The Dupuytren disease is a benign fibroproliferative disorder that leads to the formation of the collagen knots and fibres in the palmar fascia. The previous studies reveal different levels of Dupuytren’s prevalence worldwide; hence, this study uses meta-analysis to approximate the prevalence of Dupuytren globally.

Methods

In this study, systematic review and meta-analysis have been conducted on the previous studies focused on the prevalence of the Dupuytren disease. The search keywords were Prevalence, Prevalent, Epidemiology, Dupuytren Contracture, Dupuytren and Incidence. Subsequently, SID, MagIran, ScienceDirect, Embase, Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science databases and Google Scholar search engine were searched without a lower time limit and until June 2020. In order to analyse reliable studies, the stochastic effects model was used and the I2 index was applied to test the heterogeneity of the selected studies. Data analysis was performed within the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software version 2.0.

Results

By evaluating 85 studies (10 in Asia, 56 in Europe, 2 in Africa and 17 studies in America) with a total sample size of 6628506 individuals, the prevalence of Dupuytren disease in the world is found as 8.2% (95% CI 5.7–11.7%). The highest prevalence rate is reported in Africa with 17.2% (95% CI 13–22.3%). According to the subgroup analysis, in terms of underlying diseases, the highest prevalence was obtained in patients with type 1 diabetes with 34.1% (95% CI 25–44.6%). The results of meta-regression revealed a decreasing trend in the prevalence of Dupuytren disease by increasing the sample size and the research year (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

The results of this study show that the prevalence of Dupuytren disease is particularly higher in alcoholic patients with diabetes. Therefore, the officials of the World Health Organization should design measures for the prevention and treatment of this disease.
Impact of extracellular matrix stiffness on genomic heterogeneity in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cell line
Authors: López-Carrasco Amparo , Martín-Vañó Susana , Burgos-Panadero Rebeca , Monferrer Ezequiel , Berbegall Ana P. , Fernández-Blanco Beatriz , Navarro Samuel , Noguera Rosa
Published: October 2020

Background

Increased tissue stiffness is a common feature of malignant solid tumors, often associated with metastasis and poor patient outcomes. Vitronectin, as an extracellular matrix anchorage glycoprotein related to a stiff matrix, is present in a particularly increased quantity and specific distribution in high-risk neuroblastoma. Furthermore, as cells can sense and transform the proprieties of the extracellular matrix into chemical signals through mechanotransduction, genotypic changes related to stiffness are possible.

Methods

We applied high density SNPa and NGS techniques to in vivo and in vitro models (orthotropic xenograft vitronectin knock-out mice and 3D bioprinted hydrogels with different stiffness) using two representative neuroblastoma cell lines (theMYCN-amplified SK-N-BE(2) and theALK-mutated SH-SY5Y), to discern how tumor genomics patterns and clonal heterogeneity of the two cell lines are affected.

Results

We describe a remarkable subclonal selection of genomic aberrations in SK-N-BE(2) cells grown in knock-out vitronectin xenograft mice that also emerged when cultured for long times in stiff hydrogels. In particular, we detected an enlarged subclonal cell population with chromosome 9 aberrations in both models. Similar abnormalities were found in human high-risk neuroblastoma withMYCNamplification. The genomics of the SH-SY5Y cell line remained stable when cultured in both models.

Conclusions

Focus on heterogeneous intratumor segmental chromosome aberrations and mutations, as a mirror image of tumor microenvironment, is a vital area of future research.
Primitive ovarian carcinosarcoma: a clinical and radiological analysis of five cases
Authors: Xu Qiong , Zhang Xiaofei , Zou Yu
Published: October 2020

Background

Ovarian carcinosarcomas (OCS) are very rare tumors composed of a mixture of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements. There have been only scattered case studies that have described the imaging findings. In order to improve the awareness of this rare tumor, this study aimed to analyze the clinical and imaging features of five cases of OCS confirmed by surgical pathologic evaluation.

Methods

This retrospective study includes five OCS patients diagnosed and treated at our institute. The clinical course and imaging findings of all patients were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were 31 to 59 years of age. All five patients underwent CT scans, two underwent MRI scans.

Results

The five patients have no specific symptoms. Four patients had elevated CA 125 levels and three patients had elevated CA 153 levels. All patients had unilateral tumors, four in the left ovary, one in the right ovary. The largest transverse diameter of the tumors ranged from 11 cm to 14 cm. Two tumors showed solid masses with unequally sized cystic areas or necrosis, one showed a multilocular cystic mass with a large solid protrusion, two tumors showed a larger cystic mass with multiple mural nodules. The solid components of the tumors demonstrated restricted diffusion (the average ADC value being 998 mm2/s and 1102 mm2/s, respectively), and showed moderate or obvious enhancement. All five patients were treated by surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy. One patient is currently undergoing post-operative chemotherapy 1 month after operation and clinical stable. Three patients survived and showed no obvious recurrence and / or metastasis in follow-up from 9 to 59 months. One patient died from recurrence and metastasis.

Conclusions

OCS are rare and demonstrate variable CT and MRI morphological appearances. Due to the heterogeneous nature and very low morbidity of OCS, combination of careful analysis of imaging findings and clinical features might be useful for a more accurate diagnosis of OCS.
Emergency department crowding and hospital transformation during COVID-19, a retrospective, descriptive study of a university hospital in Stockholm, Sweden
Authors: af Ugglas Björn , Skyttberg Niclas , Wladis Andreas , Djärv Therese , Holzmann Martin J.
Published: October 2020

Objectives

COVID-19 presents challenges to the emergency care system that could lead to emergency department (ED) crowding. The Huddinge site at the Karolinska university hospital (KH) responded through a rapid transformation of inpatient care capacity together with changing working methods in the ED. The aim is to describe the KH response to the COVID-19 crisis, and how ED crowding, and important input, throughput and output factors for ED crowding developed at KH during a 30-day baseline period followed by the first 60 days of the COVID-19 outbreak in Stockholm Region.

Methods

Different phases in the development of the crisis were described and identified retrospectively based on major events that changed the conditions for the ED. Results were presented for each phase separately. The outcome ED length of stay (ED LOS) was calculated with mean and 95% confidence intervals. Input, throughput, output and demographic factors were described using distributions, proportions and means. Pearson correlation between ED LOS and emergency ward occupancy by phase was estimated with 95% confidence interval.

Results

As new working methods were introduced between phase 2 and 3, ED LOS declined from mean (95% CI) 386 (373–399) minutes to 307 (297–317). Imaging proportion was reduced from 29 to 18% and admission rate increased from 34 to 43%. Correlation (95% CI) between emergency ward occupancy and ED LOS by phase was 0.94 (0.55–0.99).

Conclusions

It is possible to avoid ED crowding, even during extreme and quickly changing conditions by leveraging previously known input, throughput and output factors. One key factor was the change in working methods in the ED with higher competence, less diagnostics and increased focus on rapid clinical admission decisions. Another important factor was the reduction in bed occupancy in emergency wards that enabled a timely admission to inpatient care. A key limitation was the retrospective study design.
Local and distant tumor dormancy during early stage breast cancer are associated with the predominance of infiltrating T effector subsets
Authors: Aqbi Hussein F. , Coleman Cara , Zarei Melika , Manjili Saeed H. , Graham Laura , Koblinski Jennifer , Guo Chunquing , Xie Yibin , Guruli Georgi , Bear Harry D. , Idowu Michael O. , Habibi Mehran , Wang Xiang-Yang , Manjili Masoud H.
Published: October 2020

Background

Although breast cancer mortality is a result of distant recurrences associated with the establishment of tumor dormancy, current clinical practice guidelines recommend a wait and watch approach for tumor recurrences. This is because of our limited understanding of tumor dormancy and insufficient evidence in support of immunological control of tumor dormancy.

Methods

We used FVBN202 transgenic mice expressing rat neu oncogene in the mammary glands, and their parental FVB strain lacking neu expression. These models allowed the detection of tumor dormancy at distant sites using the rat neu protein as a tumor marker. We also used Ki67 for the detection of the indolent and quiescent types of tumor dormancy. Multicolor flow cytometry was used to detect dormant tumor cells and T cell subsets. Co-culture studies were performed to determine the role of T cells in preventing regrowth of dormant cells.

Results

We demonstrated that dormant tumor cells were present at the site of primary breast cancer and at distant sites in the lungs and in the liver very early in the course of early stage breast cancer when no distant metastasis was evident. Dormant tumor cells were characterized as neu expressing Ki67−and Ki67lowfractions associated with the induction of local immune responses predominated by CD4+ and CD8+ T effector cell subsets. The presence of neu-autoreactive T cells from FVBN202 mice only prevented regrowth of dormant cells. On the other hand, presence of neu-alloreactive anti-tumor T cells in FVB mice prior to tumor challenge resulted in the protection of mice from the dissemination of dormant tumor cells to distant organs.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that immunotherapeutic targeting of semi-allogeneic mutant neoantigens during tumor dormancy might prevent distant recurrence of the disease.
Autologous peripheral blood-derived stem cells transplantation for treatment of no-option angiitis-induced critical limb ischemia: 10-year management experience
Authors: Fang Gang , Jiang Xiaolang , Fang Yuan , Pan Tianyue , Liu Hao , Ren Bichen , Wei Zheng , Gu Shiyang , Chen Bin , Jiang Junhao , Shi Yun , Guo Daqiao , Liu Peng , Fu Weiguo , Dong Zhihui
Published: October 2020

Background

Previous studies have demonstrated that no-option angiitis-induced critical limb ischemia (NO-AICLI) could be significantly improved by transplantation of peripheral blood-derived stem cells (PBDSCs). Additionally, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) recently conducted by us suggested that peripheral blood-derived purified CD34+ cells (PCCs) were not inferior to non-purified peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) at limb salvage in treatment of NO-AICLI. However, most of these clinical trials whether RCT or single-arm studies were characterized with a small sample size and absence of long-term outcomes.

Methods

To analyze long-term clinical outcomes of PBDSCs transplantation for NO-AICLI, we reviewed clinical data of patients with NO-AICLI receiving PBDSCs transplantation at our center during the past decade. Meanwhile, we first compared the long-term safety and efficacy of intramuscular transplantation of PCCs versus PBMNCs in a sizable number of patients with NO-AICLI.

Results

From May 2009 to December 2019, a total of 160 patients with NO-AICLI patients were treated by PBDSCs transplantation (82 with PCCs, 78 with PBMNCs) at our center. Baseline characteristics between two groups were similar. Up to June 2020, the mean follow-up period was 46.6 ± 35.3 months. No critical adverse events were observed in either group. There was one death during the follow-up period. A total of eight major amputations occurred. The cumulative major amputation-free survival (MAFS) rate at 5 years after PBDSCs transplantation was 94.4%, without difference between two groups (P = .855). Wound healing, rest pain, pain-free walking time, ankle-brachial index, transcutaneous oxygen pressure, and quality of life (QoL) also significantly improved after PBDSCs transplantation.

Conclusions

Autologous PBDSCs intramuscular transplantation could significantly decrease the major amputation rates and improve the QoL in patients with NO-AICLI. Long-term observation of a large sample of patients confirmed that the clinical benefits of PBDSCs transplantation were durable, without difference between the PCCs and PBMNCs groups.
Body mass index and self-reported body image in German adolescents
Authors: Sarrar Lea , Vilalta Marie , Schneider Nora , Correll Christoph U.
Published: October 2020

Background

Despite knowledge about eating disorder symptoms in children and adolescents in the general population, relatively little is known about self-reported and sex-specific eating-disorder-related psychopathology, as well as its specific correlates.

Methods

880 German school-attending adolescents (15.4 ± 2.2 years) and 30 female patients with AN (16.2 ± 1.6 years) were studied. All participants completed the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 and a Body Image Questionnaire.

Results

There were more overweight males than females (15.2% vs 10.1%, p < 0.001), but more females with underweight than males (6.2% vs. 2.5%, p < .001). Negative body evaluations (p < .001) and dissatisfaction (p < .001) were significantly more frequent in females. Compared to underweight female patients with AN, underweight school-attending females had less negative body evaluations (p < .001) and lower scores on 5 of the 11 EDI-2 subscales (p < .001; p < .05).

Conclusions

Males were more overweight than females, females more underweight. Body image was more important to female than to male youth, yet without reaching pathological values when compared to female patients with AN. Complex emotional and cognitive challenges seem to be a representative factor for eating pathology rather than simply being underweight. These aspects may be relevant for the shift from a thinness-related focus in girls in the general population to the development of an eating disorder.
Comparison of approaches for intrusion detection in substations using the IEC 60870-5-104 protocol
Authors: Egger Michael , Eibl Günther , Engel Dominik
Published: October 2020

Electrical networks of transmission system operators are mostly built up as isolated networks without access to the Internet. With the increasing popularity of smart grids, securing the communication network has become more important to avoid cyber-attacks that could result in possible power outages. For misuse detection, signature-based approaches are already in use and special rules for a wide range of protocols have been developed. However, one big disadvantage of signature-based intrusion detection is that zero-day exploits cannot be detected. Machine-learning-based anomaly detection methods have the potential to achieve that. In this paper, various such methods for intrusion detection in substations, which use the asynchronous communication protocol International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 60870-5-104, are tested and compared. The evaluation of the proposed methods is performed by applying them to a data set which includes normal operation traffic and four different attacks. While the results of supervised and semi-supervised machine learning approaches are rather encouraging, the unsupervised and signature-based methods suffer from general bad performance and had difficulties to detect some attacks.
State description of cyber-physical energy systems
Authors: Klaes Marcel , Narayan Anand , Patil Amit Dilip , Haack Jonas , Lindner Martin , Rehtanz Christian , Braun Martin , Lehnhoff Sebastian , Meer Hermann de
Published: October 2020

The integration of ICT into power systems has increased the interdependencies between the two systems. The operation of power system depends on several ICT-enabled grid services which manifest the interdependencies. ENTSO-E system state classification is a tool that is widely used by operators to determine the current operational state of the power system. However, it does not adequately describe the impact of ICT disturbances on the operation of the power system. Despite their interconnections, the operational states of both systems have been described separately so far. This paper bridges the well-established ENTSO-E systems state classification with an ICT system state classification, forming a new model considering the state classification of the ICT-enabled grid services. The model is developed by first identifying the ICT-enabled services, remedial actions and the respective performance requirements that are required by the power system. Then the states of these services are specified based on the supporting ICT system. The resulting joint state description shows how performance degradation of ICT-enabled services (introduced by disturbances) can affect the operation of the interconnected power system. Two case studies of such ICT-enabled services, namely state estimation and on-load tap changer control, are investigated in terms of how their operational states affect the states of the power system. A third case study highlights the interdependencies that exist between the services. These case studies demonstrate the interdependencies that exist between power and ICT systems in modern cyber-physical energy systems, thus highlighting the usage of a unified system state description.
Non intrusive load monitoring for demand side management
Authors: Salani Matteo , Derboni Marco , Rivola Davide , Medici Vasco , Nespoli Lorenzo , Rosato Federico , Rizzoli Andrea E.
Published: October 2020

In the context of a pilot project, the Lugaggia Innovation Community (LIC), we address the problem of non-intrusive load monitoring for the purpose of demand side management on low voltage grids in presence of distributed power generation (photovoltaic). From the power readings of smart meters, we estimate the photovoltaic production and detect the activation of major loads (heatpumps and domestic water heaters). Experiments, conducted with real data and in silico, show that exploiting meter readings only, we can estimate PV production with MAPE ranging from 4.6% (best case) to 41.9% (worst case). Even with non negligible photovoltaic production estimation errors, the proposed method is capable of detecting the activation of heatpumps and domestic water heaters.
Features of the Regulation of Information Exchange Risks in the Internal Control System
Authors: Zemskov V.
Published: October 2020

The article deals with the problems of analysis and risk assessment of information exchange in the internal control system. It is concluded that further improvement of the internal control infrastructure contributes to the management function of an economic entity, provides timely collection, synthesis and analysis of primary and summary information for making timely management decisions.
Institutional Characteristics of Market Economy in International Financial Reporting Standards
Authors: Mislavskaya N.
Published: October 2020

The article analyzes the influence of the fundamental characteristics of a market economy on the methodological component of International Financial Reporting Standards. On the basis of a comparative analysis of the principles of market and organization functioning, the causes of modern problems in the presentation of accounting (financial) statements are identified, and options for solving complex methodological issues are proposed. The author is inclined to the need to reform the accounting system on the principles of not copying, but adapting to International Financial Reporting Standards.
Methodological and ethical challenges while conducting qualitative research on spirituality and end of life in a Muslim context: a guide to novice researchers
Authors: Lalani Nasreen , Ali Gulnar
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Spirituality could be understood as a personal belief, a relation with sacred, divine experience, a sense of purpose and meaning towards life, authenticity and connectedness. It is a continually evolving, highly complex, contextual, subjective, and sensitive construct. A continuous development is seen around understanding about spirituality and spiritual concepts, such as spiritual experiences, spiritual pain and spiritual distress, especially among patients and families at the end of life. The concepts, values, attitudes, and beliefs around spirituality, spiritual needs and expressions vary among different individuals, cultures, and religions. There is a dearth of literature around spirituality, especially among Muslim patients and families at the end of life. The complexities around the concept of spirituality in the literature raise several ethical and methodological concerns for a novice researcher while planning and conducting a study on spirituality during end-of-life care in a hospice setting, especially among a Muslim population. This paper aims to share some of the methodological and ethical challenges that can be faced by qualitative researchers while conducting research around spirituality and end-of-life care in an Islamic/Muslim context. Major challenges include defining the term spirituality, spirituality and culture, communication, power relations, language and translation, recruitment and selection of the participants, emotional distress, and reflexivity and reciprocity. Having an in-depth understanding of these challenges can guide researchers to address these issues adequately in their spirituality research in a Muslim context.
Investigation of Prospective Teachers' Spiritual Well-Beings and Life Satisfactions in Terms of Specified Variables
Authors: Cetinkaya Bunyamin
Published: October 2020

This study was conducted to investigate prospective teachers' spiritual well-beings and life satisfactions in terms of specified variables. 298 students from various departments of universities participated in the study. The Spiritual Well-Being Scale developed by Paloutzian and Ellison, and adapted to Turkish by Eksi and Kardas, the Life Satisfaction Scale developed by Diener et al. and translated and adapted to Turkish by Koker and a Personal Information Form prepared by the researcher were used in the study. This study was a descriptive study based on survey model. The study data were subjected to normality tests and analyzed accordingly. Mann Whitney U Test, Kruskal-Wallis H Test and Spearman Rho correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. Results of the study, indicated that spiritual well-being levels of prospective teachers significantly varied by gender, year of study, field of study and educational status of father. Life satisfaction levels of prospective teachers significantly varied by field of study. Furthermore, there was a moderate positive correlation between total score for spiritual well-being and life satisfaction.
Decay behavior and optical parameter identification for spatial-frequency domain imaging by the radiative transport equation
Authors: Machida Manabu , Hoshi Yoko , Kagawa Keiichiro , Takada Kazuki
Published: October 2020

The decay behavior of specific intensity is studied for spatial-frequency domain imaging (SFDI). It is shown using the radiative transport equation that the decay is given by a superposition of different decay modes, and the decay rates of these modes are determined by spatial frequencies and Case’s eigenvalues. This explains why SFDI can focus on shallow regions. The fact that light with nonzero spatial frequency rapidly decays makes it possible to exclusively extract optical properties of the top layer of a layered medium. We determine optical properties of the top layer of a solid phantom. This measurement is verified with different layered media of numerical phantoms.
Single-frame far-field diffractive imaging with randomized illumination
Authors: Levitan Abraham L. , Keskinbora Kahraman , Sanli Umut T. , Weigand Markus , Comin Riccardo
Published: October 2020

We introduce a single-frame diffractive imaging method called randomized probe imaging (RPI). In RPI, a sample is illuminated by a structured probe field containing speckles smaller than the sample’s typical feature size. Quantitative amplitude and phase images are then reconstructed from the resulting far-field diffraction pattern. The experimental geometry of RPI is straightforward to implement, requires no near-field optics, and is applicable to extended samples. When the resulting data are analyzed with a complimentary algorithm, reliable reconstructions which are robust to missing data are achieved. To realize these benefits, a resolution limit associated with the numerical aperture of the probe-forming optics is imposed. RPI therefore offers an attractive modality for quantitative X-ray phase imaging when temporal resolution and reliability are critical but spatial resolution in the tens of nanometers is sufficient. We discuss the method, introduce a reconstruction algorithm, and present two proof-of-concept experiments: one using visible light, and one using soft X-rays.
Frequency-tunable terahertz graphene laser enabled by pseudomagnetic fields in strain-engineered graphene
Authors: Sun Hao , Qi Zhipeng , Kim Youngmin , Luo Manlin , Yang Bo , Nam Donguk
Published: October 2020

Graphene-based optoelectronic devices have recently attracted much attention for the next-generation electronic-photonic integrated circuits. However, it remains elusive whether it is feasible to create graphene-based lasers at the chip scale, hindering the realization of such a disruptive technology. In this work, we theoretically propose that Landau-quantized graphene enabled by strain-induced pseudomagnetic field can become an excellent gain medium that supports lasing action without requiring an external magnetic field. Tight-binding theory is employed for calculating electronic states in highly strained graphene while analytical and numerical analyses based on many-particle Hamiltonian allow studying detailed microscopic mechanisms of zero-field graphene Landau level laser dynamics. Our proposed laser presents unique features including a convenient, wide-range tuning of output laser frequency enabled by changing the level of strain in graphene gain media. The chip-scale graphene laser may open new possibilities for graphene-based electronic-photonic integrated circuits.
Suitability analysis of holographic vs light field and 2D displays for subjective quality assessment of Fourier holograms
Authors: Ahar Ayyoub , Chlipala Maksymilian , Birnbaum Tobias , Zaperty Weronika , Symeonidou Athanasia , Kozacki Tomasz , Kujawinska Malgorzata , Schelkens Peter
Published: October 2020

Measuring the impact of compression on the reconstruction quality of holograms remains a challenge. A public subjectively-annotated holographic data set that allows for testing the performance of compression techniques and quality metrics is presented, in addition to a subjective visual quality assessment methodology. Moreover, the performance of the quality assessment procedures is compared for holographic, regular 2D and light field displays. For these experiments, a double-stimulus, multi-perspective, multi-depth testing methodology was designed and implemented. Analysis of the quality scores indicated that in the absence of a suitable holographic display and under the presented test conditions, non-holographic displays can be deployed to display numerically reconstructed holograms for visual quality assessment tasks.
Frustrated nonsequential double ionization of Ar atoms in counter-rotating two-color circular laser fields
Authors: Xu Tong-Tong , Gong Wei-Jiang , Zhang Lian-Lian , Qi Yang
Published: October 2020

We theoretically investigate the frustrated double ionization (FDI) of Ar atoms with counter-rotating two-color circular (CRTC) laser fields using the three-dimensional (3D) classical ensemble method. Our results show that the FDI probability depends upon the intensity ratio of the CRTC laser fields. The FDI event accompanied with the recollision excitation with subsequent ionization is prevalent and three pathways exist in FDI processes driven by CRTC laser fields. The momentum distribution of a recaptured electron at the ionization time after recollision indicates that the momentum being close to the vector potential is a necessary condition for FDI events to occur. In addition, the recaptured electron most probably transitions to a Rydberg state of which the quantum number is ten in the CRTC fields.
Exploring the Complexity of Protein-Level Dosage Compensation that Fine-Tunes Stoichiometry of Multiprotein Complexes
Authors: Ishikawa Koji , Ishihara Akari , Moriya Hisao
Published: October 2020

Proper control of gene expression levels upon various perturbations is a fundamental aspect of cellular robustness. Protein-level dosage compensation is one mechanism buffering perturbations to stoichiometry of multiprotein complexes through accelerated proteolysis of unassembled subunits. Although N-terminal acetylation- and ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation by the Ac/N-end rule pathway enables selective compensation of excess subunits, it is unclear how widespread this pathway contributes to stoichiometry control. Here we report that dosage compensation depends only partially on the Ac/N-end rule pathway. Our analysis of genetic interactions between 18 subunits and 12 quality control factors in budding yeast demonstrated that multiple E3 ubiquitin ligases and N-acetyltransferases are involved in dosage compensation. We find that N-acetyltransferases-mediated compensation is not simply predictable from N-terminal sequence despite their sequence specificity for N-acetylation. We also find that the compensation of Pop3 and Bet4 is due in large part to a minor N-acetyltransferase NatD. Furthermore, canonical NatD substrates histone H2A/H4 were compensated even in its absence, suggesting N-acetylation-independent stoichiometry control. Our study reveals the complexity and robustness of the stoichiometry control system.
Salud mental global, hegemonía y desinstitucionalización psiquiátrica en Ecuador
Authors: Silva Villavicencio Eduardo Raul
Published: October 2020

En 2014, Ecuador realizó el lanzamiento del Plan Estratégico y Modelo de Atención en Salud Mental Comunitaria, que tiene como antecedente el Plan Nacional de Salud Mental, de 1999. En salud mental, el tratamiento tradicional, establecido desde una visión en apariencia científica, desde el discurso biomédico-diagnóstico y de las evidencias, sostiene una práctica que ha mantenido al hospital psiquiátrico en el centro de su sistema. La gobernanza global en salud articula objetivos interdependientes que sostienen la intervención diagnóstica como paradigma hegemónico. La reforma de salud mental en Ecuador acoge la garantía en derechos humanos para personas con padecimientos mentales, más allá de lo que se establece en su “condición diagnóstica”; en un sentido amplio su subjetividad (política y particular) no sólo se conforma desde el saber hegemónico, sino en las prácticas sociales, la inclusión familiar, emocional, laboral, de participación en sus sociedades y del reconocimiento del deseo de cada uno.
La retórica de la financiarización para la reducción de la “pobreza”
Authors: Caballero Hilda
Published: October 2020

Este trabajo plantea una crítica a las concepciones del pensamiento dominante expresadas en las políticas sociales capitalistas “neoliberales”, que naturalizan la desigualdad y legitiman la “pobreza”. La perspectiva de la Colonialidad del Poder explica que a nivel mundial se configura, desde el siglo XVI hasta la actualidad, una estructura de poder (dominación, explotación y conflicto), asociada al capitalismo, que en el ámbito del trabajo se manifiesta en la heterogeneidad histórico-estructural, como resultado de la distribución jerárquica de la población, a partir de la idea de “raza” (articulada al sexo-género y a la clase), en lugares y roles materiales y simbólicos, en las relaciones de poder. Se analiza el proceso de estructuración social desde la década de 1960 y la disputa capital-trabajo para explicar la emergencia de la marginalidad social que, en la fase “neoliberal” del capitalismo global, se expresa, en dos procesos: 1) el incremento del desempleo estructural, del polo marginal y de la “pobreza”, debido, entre otros factores, al predominio del capital financiero en la economía global y, 2) la refuncionalización de las actividades del polo marginal, mediante la separación entre la esfera de la producción económica y la de la reproducción social, esto se expresa en el divorcio entre la política económica y la política social, de acuerdo a los intereses del capital. En este contexto, se ubica la política social en México, en la última década, orientada a contener el incremento de la pobreza a partir del despliegue de una retórica que recrea la ilusión discursiva de inclusión productiva, laboral y financiera y el establecimiento de mecanismos de financiarización que naturalizan y reproducen la desigualdad social, legitiman la dominación y la explotación de sectores considerados culturalmente inferiores, atrasados, premodernos, mediante una forma colonial de ejercer el poder, que reproduce la marginalidad social, expresada en el incremento de la “pobreza”.
Pobreza y programas sociales en México
Authors: Villarespe Reyes Verónica , Quintanilla Yerena Carlos , Ramírez Pablo Bernardo
Published: October 2020

Del siglo XVI al XIX, aproximadamente, la concepción de la pobreza tenía un fuerte contenido moral. La pobreza de quienes estaban sanos y no trabajaban provenía de la lujuria, el vicio, la pereza y la arrogancia. Es por ello que el trabajo adquiere un carácter rehabilitador. Así, el problema de la pobreza ha estado presente, en el mundo occidental, a través de casi cinco siglos, tanto como la preocupación de cómo aliviarla, de qué hacer con los pobres. El contenido de la pobreza, así como su concepción han cambiado a través de las épocas históricas. La aparición de programas contra la pobreza es contemporánea y pasa por los lineamientos que proponen los organismos internacionales, principalmente el Banco Mundial. En México, por ejemplo, los programas de transferencias monetarias condicionadas se instrumentaron a partir de 1997, nos referimos a Progresa-Oportunidades-Prospera. La pobreza es funcional al sistema, por ende, entonces no ha podido ni puede ser cancelada por un programa. Así, muchos esfuerzos se han hecho para aliviar la pobreza, nunca para cancelarla.
La no-ciudad en la narrativa de Maximiliano Barrientos
Authors: Diz Villanueva Alba
Published: October 2020

El presente trabajo analiza la dimensión espacial en la narrativa de Maximiliano Barrientos, centrándose fundamentalmente en dos tipos de escenarios: lugares vacíos de contenido (no-lugares) y, contrapuesto a ellos, el espacio privado por excelencia, la casa, que porta múltiples significaciones.
El español porteño y el italiano meridional
Authors: Baditzné Pálvölgyi Kata
Published: October 2020

El propósito de esta investigación es descubrir a partir de un corpus propio hasta qué punto se reflejan las características entonativas del italiano meridional en el dialecto porteño y describir estos rasgos desde una perspectiva puramente fonética. El corpus lo constituyen 200 declarativas neutras, provenientes de grabaciones espontáneas en el marco del Interactive Atlas of Romance Intonation (Prieto et al., 2010-2014) y de vídeos descargados de YouTube que representan el habla espontánea de periodistas y actores argentinos. El análisis acústico se lleva a cabo mediante el programa Praat y usando la metodología Melodic Analisis of Speech (MAS), concebida por Cantero – Font-Rotchés (2009). En nuestro análisis partimos de melodías estandarizadas y nos enfocamos en las peculiaridades de las inflexiones descendentes, tales como el punto de partida del descenso y su amplitud tonal. Según nuestros resultados, existen ciertos paralelismos melódicos entre las variedades examinadas.
Impact of Different Storage Conditions on Composition of Lemongrass
(Cymbopogon citratus L.) Essential Oil of Tien Giang Province, Vietnam
Authors: Ngan Tran Thi Kim , Dao Tan Phat , Quyen Ngo Thi Cam , Tran Thien Hien , Dat Ung Thanh , Cang Mai Huyng
Published: October 2020

Essential oils are known to be susceptible to changes and degradation that can lead to loss of quality
and pharmacological properties. In this work, lemongrass essential oil is stored under different storage
conditions under the influence of light and temperature, assessing the physical and chemical properties
as well as the chemical composition of the citronella essential oil respectively. The change in the
chemical composition of citronella oil is determined based on the storage time of 4 months under
different conditions i.e. light (45 ºC) and in dark (4 ºC). To determine the change in the composition of
the essential oil, based on the results of GC-MS analysis methods to monitor the chemical changes of
the essential oil. The content of main components of citral and β-myrcene increases significantly after
storage time under the influence of light and temperature. Some low content components (β-citronello,
β-caryophyllen, p-cymen-8-ol, etc.) are likely to be oxidized and lost under light conditions, even in the
dark. Therefore, the importance of external storage factors for the chemical and physical stability of
essential oils is a matter of concern to control the quality of scientific evaluation.
Synthesis and Characterization of Surfactant Assisted Copper Nanomaterials
Authors: Krishna P. Murali , Reddy K. Hussain , Rashmitha N. , Sravanthi M. , Sujathamma D.
Published: October 2020

In this work, a simple and low cost synthetic method for four different copper nanomaterials having
uniform shape and size using copper(II) acetate and cis-bis(glycinato)copper(II) complex in presence
of non-ionic surfactants Tween-80 and Triton X-100 in the presence of ascorbic acid as reducing agent
is described. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized using FT-IR, UV-visible, powder XRD,
EDX and SEM techniques. The characterization data reveals that all the copper nanomaterials formed
are less than 30 nm size with spherical shape.
in silico Design, ADME Prediction, Molecular Docking, Synthesis of Novel Triazoles,
Indazoles & Aminopyridines and in vitro Evaluation of Antitubercular Activity
Authors: Triveni S. , Babu C. Naresh , Bhargav E. , Jyothi M. Vijaya
Published: October 2020

To design and synthesize novel triazoles, indazoles and aminopyridines from various
(thiophene-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one derivatives as antitubercular leads by in silico and in vitro methods.
in silco Drug design, ADME prediction and molecular docking studies were performed to assess drug
likeliness and antitubercular potential of all 30 novel triazoles, indazoles and aminopyridines. in silico
Drug design studies revealed that the synthetic routes applied were appropriate according to the
calculations of Swiss-ADME that measure synthetic accessibility. Most of the synthesized compounds
found to have considerable binding score with enoyl ACP reductase enzyme of Mycobacterium
tuberculosis. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for antitubercular potential against Drug
Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain by Luciferase reporter assay method. Most of
the synthesized compounds exhibited remarkable antitubercular potential against resistant strain.
Enhancement Supercapcitive Behaviour of Cobalt(II) Tetrasulfanilamide
Phthalocyanine with Composite rGO on Modified GCE
Authors: Venugopala Reddy K.R. , Praveenkumar N.Y. , Mounesh  , Sharanakumar T.M. , Ganiger Sangappa K.
Published: October 2020

A novel method for the fabrication of tetrasulfanilamide cobalt(II) phthalocyanine (CoTSPC) was
developed and the synthesized product was characterized using various techniques namely UV-visible,
infrared and X-ray diffraction spectroscopic and thermal gravimetric analysis. An electrode with glassy
carbon was modified on CoTSPC with an rGO composite. The effect of experimental parameters,
such as precipitation agent, precursor concentration, reaction time and stabilizing agent, was
systematically studied to investigate possible CoTSPC formation. The electrochemical properties of
prepared CoTSPC/rGO/GCE were explored through cyclic voltammetry (CV) by using a three-electrode
system. The results showed that the specific capacitances and sizes of the fabricated compounds are
related. Due to a large surface area, within an operated voltage range of −0.2 to 0.4 V, synthesized
CoTSPC/rGO/GCE exhibited an excellent long-cycle life and the highest capacitance (157 F g−1),
thereby indicating that fabricated CoTSPC/rGO/GCE can be used as an outstanding electrode material
in supercapacitors.
New Copper(II) Complexes of Pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde-N-(2-pyridyl)hydrazone and
2-Hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde-semicarbazone: Synthesis, Characterization,
DNA Binding and Antimicrobial Activity Studies
Authors: U-wang Oinam , Bhubon Singh Raj Kumar , Singh Usam Ibotomba , Ramina  , Singh Thoudam Surchandra , Swu Toka , Singh Ch. Brajakishore
Published: October 2020

Two new copper(II) complexes of pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde-N-(2-pyridyl)hydrazone
[Cu(PCPH)(H2O)2](NO3)(H2O)2 (1) and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde-semicarbazone
[Cu(II)(HNSC)H2O]·NO3·H2O (2) have been synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic techniques
and single crystal X-ray diffraction study. Complex 1 crystallized as square pyramidal coordination
complex in triclinic crystal system while complex 2 crystallized as square planar complex in monoclinic
crystal system. EPR spectral patterns are of normal order of energy levels, i.e. x2-y2 >> z2 > xy > xz, yz,
with partial covalent character. Both copper(II) complexes were found to be groove binding to
calf-thymus DNA and showed activity against E. coli, S. aureus, B. cereus and E. faccium.
Effect of Heavy Metals on the Andrographolide Content, Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activity of Andrographis paniculata
Authors: Antony Anna , Nagella Praveen
Published: October 2020

Andrographis paniculata is a medicinal plant that has several medicinal properties and has been traditionally used in different medicinal preparations. The present study deals with the influence of heavy metals (lead, mercury and silver) on andrographolide, phytochemicals and antioxidant activity in Andrographis paniculata. Two months old saplings were subjected to heavy metal stress of two different concentrations (0.2 mM and 0.4 mM) for three different times at 3 day time interval. The results showed that the saplings treated with heavy metals showed increased concentration of andrographolide content. The saplings treated with 0.4 mM silver showed the highest increase in the andrographolide content (24.58 ± 2.85 mg/g of DW) compared with control (9.41 ± 1.26 mg/g of DW) and other treatments. Variations in the biochemical parameters like total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, etc. were also prominent with all the treated samples when compared to that of control.
Synthesis and Catalytic Properties of Ruthenium and
Iron Nanoparticles/Mesoporous Carbon Composites
Authors: Hou Yanmin , Zhao Xiaojun , Li Hao
Published: October 2020

The mesoporous carbon material of Fe-MC loaded iron nanoparticles was obtained by pyrolysis of
Fe-MIL-88A under nitrogen and reducing gas atmosphere. Addition of Ru(III) in the liquid phase,
Ru(III) was reduced to ruthenium nanoparticles (RuNPs) by iron nanoparticles (FeNPs), led to the
formation of mesoporous carbon composite of Ru@Fe-MC, where 0.77 wt% of Ru was completely
wrapped on the surface of iron nanoparticles. The hydrolysis performance of Ru@Fe-MC to
aminoborane was studied and the results showed a good catalytic performance, where the conversion
frequency (TOF) was found to be 234.3 mol H2 min-1 (mol Ru)-1, and the activation energy was 33.6 kJ
/ mol. The reusbility catalyst performance of Ru@Fe-MC remained highly active after ten experiments.
Chemometric Profile of Calotropis gigantea and its Antioxidant Activity through Bioactive Compounds from Latex, Leaves and Flower Extracts
Authors: Prabhu V. , Manjula V. , Santhiya K. , Tamileela Kanali G.P. , Saravanakumar P. , Sibi G.
Published: October 2020

In present study, antioxidant effect was compared among latex, leaf and flower extract of Calotropis gigantea and is first report on comparing the chemometric profiling of various parts of C. gigantea. Ethanol and chloroform extracts of C. gigantea revealed the presence of 28 different chemotypes in latex, 27 in leaves and 32 in flowers. Major phtyochemicals present were of which fatty acid ethyl esters, fatty alcohols, terpenes, coumarins and carbocycles. C. gigantea leaf extract recorded 78% of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity and IC50 values of 14.44, 6.74 and 21.35 μg/mL were observed for latex, leaves and flower extracts respectively. For 2,2′-azinobis-(3- ethylbenzthiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) [ABTS+] assay, IC50 values ranged between 6.74 and 21.25 μg/mL by various components of C. gigantea. The results represent free radical-scavenging activities of extracts of several parts of C. gigantea. The findings will definitely use in new directions in pharmacological and therapeutic investigations on C. gigantea latex, leaves and flowers.