bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical calculations of structures, energetics, and kinetics of O (3P) + CH3OH reactions
Authors: Alves Marcel M. , Carvalho Edson F. V. , Machado Francisco B. C. , Roberto‐Neto Orlando
Published: April 2010

DFT methods are used in calculations of geometries, energies, and frequencies for O (3P) + CH3OH reactions. CCSD(T) single‐point calculations are carried out followed by extrapolation to the complete basis set (CBS) limit and inclusion of core correlation. The best estimate results of the reaction enthalpies (ΔH) for the first (−7.1 kcal/mol), second (2.0 kcal/mol), and the third (25.8 kcal/mol) reactions path are in excellent agreement with the experimental values, i.e., −7.2 ± 0.2, 1.2 ± 1.0, and 26.0 ± 1.2 kcal/mol, respectively. Rate constants and activation energies in the range of 300–2,000 K calculated with the variational transition state theory are in good agreement with previous studies. H/D and 12C/13C kinetic isotope effects are also calculated in good agreement with available experimental data. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010
Analysis of broadcasting delays in vehicular ad hoc networks
Authors: Tian Daxin , Leung Victor C. M.
Published: April 2010

High mobility of nodes in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) may lead to frequent breakdowns of established routes in conventional routing algorithms commonly used in mobile ad hoc networks. To satisfy the high reliability and low delivery‐latency requirements for safety applications in VANETs, broadcasting becomes an essential operation for route establishment and repair. However, high node mobility causes constantly changing traffic and topology, which creates great challenges for broadcasting. Therefore, there is much interest in better understanding the properties of broadcasting in VANETs. In this paper we perform stochastic analysis of broadcasting delays in VANETs under three typical scenarios: freeway, sparse traffic and dense traffic, and utilize them to analyze the broadcasting delays in these scenarios. In the freeway scenario, the analytical equation of the expected delay in one connected group is given based on statistical analysis of real traffic data collected on freeways. In the sparse traffic scenario, the broadcasting delay in an n‐vehicle network is calculated by a finite Markov chain. In the dense traffic scenario, the collision problem is analyzed by different radio propagation models. The correctness of these theoretical analyses is confirmed by simulations. These results are useful to provide theoretical insights into the broadcasting delays in VANETs. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Real world pricing and affine representation for forward contracts
Authors: Eddahbi M'hamed , El Qalli Yassine
Published: April 2010

This paper makes use of an integrated benchmark modeling framework that allows us to derive a term structure for the forward contract under real world probability measure. The benchmark or numeraire is chosen to be the growth optimal portfolio (GOP). In general forward prices are not martingales under the real world probability measures. To overcome this problem, we introduce the benchmarked forward measure under which we recover the martingale property for forward prices. Under the benchmarked forward measure we establish an actuarial pricing formula for contingent claims that are not necessarily independent of the GOP. Thereafter, the issue of relating state variables in forward price models to market observed quantities is addressed. The paper links state variables directly, and explicitly, to forward prices, and establishes that models are, in fact, affine with respect to a finite number of forward prices. Applying the methodology to Oil forward models we remark that the forward price is independent of fluctuations of the zero‐coupon bond price and therefore of those of the interest rate. The paper shows also that under the benchmark setting the contribution of the market price of risk is naturally included in the modeling of the zero‐coupon bond and the forward price, which is not systematic in the risk neutral setting. Copyright © 2010 Wilmott Magazine Ltd.
Systems analysis of salivary gland development and disease
Authors: Larsen Melinda , Yamada Kenneth M. , Musselmann Kurt
Published: April 2010

Branching morphogenesis is a crucial developmental process in which vertebrate organs generate extensive epithelial surface area while retaining a compact size. In the vertebrate submandibular salivary gland, branching morphogenesis is crucial for the generation of the large surface area necessary to produce sufficient saliva. However, in many salivary gland diseases, saliva‐producing acinar cells are destroyed, resulting in dry mouth and secondary health conditions. Systems‐based approaches can provide insights into understanding salivary gland development, function, and disease. The traditional approach to understanding these processes is the identification of molecular signals using reductionist approaches; we review current progress with such methods in understanding salivary gland development. Taking a more global approach, multiple groups are currently profiling the transcriptome, the proteome, and other ‘omes’ in both developing mouse tissues and in human patient samples. Computational methods have been successful in deciphering large data sets, and mathematical models are starting to make predictions regarding the contribution of molecules to the physical processes of morphogenesis and cellular function. A challenge for the future will be to establish comprehensive, publicly accessible salivary gland databases spanning the full range of genes and proteins; plans are underway to provide these resources to researchers in centralized repositories. The greatest challenge for the future will be to develop realistic models that integrate multiple types of data to both describe and predict embryonic development and disease pathogenesis. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2010 2 670–682

This article is categorized under:

Developmental Biology > Developmental Processes in Health and Disease

Translational, Genomic, and Systems Medicine > Therapeutic Methods
Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of macroinvertebrates in the littoral zone of Lake Biwa as indicators of anthropogenic activities in the watershed
Authors: Karube Zin'ichi , Sakai Yoichiro , Takeyama Tomohiro , Okuda Noboru , Kohzu Ayato , Yoshimizu Chikage , Nagata Toshi , Tayasu Ichiro
Published: April 2010

Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) of macroinvertebrates inhabiting littoral zones of lakes can serve as useful indicators of material loading from the watershed. We collected snails (Semisulcospira spp.) and bivalves (Unio douglasiae biwae Kobelt) from 29 littoral sites in Lake Biwa near the mouths of river tributaries with various human population density (HPD) and land‐use patterns. The δ13C and δ15N signatures were determined for three potential food sources: particulate organic matter in the pelagic zone (PPOM), riverine particulate organic matter from tributaries (RPOM) and epilithic organic matter in the littoral zone (EOM). The stable isotope mixing model revealed that snails relied mainly on EOM, and bivalves on PPOM and RPOM. Multiple regression analysis showed that intersite variation in δ15N for snails was best explained by HPD, while variation in δ15N of EOM and nitrate was explained to a lesser extent by HPD. Comparison with isotope signatures of their food sources and riverine nutrients revealed that snails assimilated anthropogenic nitrogen from wastewater in the watershed. Our results also showed that the δ13C value of bivalves was marginally related to the fraction of paddy fields in the watersheds. In conclusion, the isotope signatures of macroinvertebrates inhabiting the littoral zone can be useful indicators of anthropogenic impacts from the watershed.
A Markov Chain Monte Carlo Approach to Confirmatory Item Factor Analysis
Authors: Edwards Michael C.
Published: April 2010

Item factor analysis has a rich tradition in both the structural equation modeling and item response theory frameworks. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate a novel combination of various Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) estimation routines to estimate parameters of a wide variety of confirmatory item factor analysis models. Further, I show that these methods can be implemented in a flexible way which requires minimal technical sophistication on the part of the end user. After providing an overview of item factor analysis and MCMC, results from several examples (simulated and real) will be discussed. The bulk of these examples focus on models that are problematic for current “gold-standard” estimators. The results demonstrate that it is possible to obtain accurate parameter estimates using MCMC in a relatively user-friendly package.
Early Post-operative Periprosthetic Femur Fracture in the Presence of a Non-cemented Tapered Wedge Femoral Stem
Authors: Cooper H. John , Rodriguez José A.
Published: April 2010

Non-cemented femoral fixation in hip arthroplasty has become the standard of practice in the USA. However, recent literature has brought attention to an increasing incidence of periprosthetic femur fractures with certain stem designs. This study examines reasons for early periprosthetic femur fractures in patients with a hip arthroplasty performed using a non-cemented tapered wedge stem design. A multivariate analysis using a matched-cohort design was performed to assess any potential risk factors that may predispose to such fractures. Six of 2,220 hips (0.3%) suffered a periprosthetic femur fracture within the first year after surgery; five of six were Vancouver Type B2. The average time to fracture was 9 weeks. This group of patients had a significantly higher canal–flare index and lower canal–calcar ratio. This complication may be preventable by having a better appreciation of the fit between the implant and the bone during pre-operative planning, with the goal of avoiding a proximal–distal mismatch.
Determination of Sodium Fatty Acid in Soap Formulation Using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy and Multivariate Calibrations
Authors: Rohman Abdul , Che Man Yaakob Bin
Published: April 2010

Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy using an attenuated total reflectance (ATR) accessory has been investigated as a method for the determination of sodium‐fatty acid (sodium‐FA) in soap formulations. Multivariate calibrations namely partial least squares regression (PLS) and principle component regression (PCR) were developed for the prediction of sodium‐FA using spectral ranges on the basis of relevant IR absorption bands related to sodium‐FA. The sodium‐FA content in soap formulations was predicted accurately at wavenumbers of 1,570–1,550 cm−1, which is specific for RCOO− Na+ vibration. The PLS method was found to be a consistently better predictor when both PLS and principal component regression (PCR) analyses were used for quantification of sodium‐FA. Furthermore, FTIR spectroscopy can be an alternative technique to American oil Chemist Society methods which use a titrimetric technique because FTIR offers rapid, easy sample preparation and is friendly to the environment.
Brief report: Development of the family perceptions scale; a novel instrument for evaluating subjective functioning in the families of adolescents☆
Authors: Tiffin Paul A. , Kaplan Carole , Place Maurice
Published: April 2010

A pool of 75 items relating to family functioning was created and piloted in a sample of 12–18 year olds (N = 673). The responses were subjected to an exploratory factor analysis which indicated the presence of three significant latent traits. The results were then used to inform the development of a rating instrument with five subscales labelled Nurture, Problem Solving, Expressed Emotion, Behavioural Boundaries and Responsibility. These demonstrated high levels of internal consistency (Cronbach’s alphas .70–.81), high test‐retest reliability (rho = .70–.82), varying degrees of intercorrelation (rho = .18–.75) and significant associations with family functioning as defined by the McMaster Family Assessment Device (p < 0.0001 in all cases). This novel instrument is a promising tool for use in both clinical practice and research.
Brief report: Parsing the heterogeneity of adolescent girls’ sexual behavior: Relationships to individual and interpersonal factors
Authors: Hipwell Alison E. , Stepp Stephanie D. , Keenan Kate , Chung Tammy , Loeber Rolf
Published: April 2010

Clusters of pre‐sexual and sexual behaviors were identified in an urban US sample of 546 mid‐adolescent girls. No distinct group of girls engaging in sexually risky behavior was revealed. Sexually active girls were older, lived with a single parent, and reported more substance use and depression, but similar levels of conduct problems, impulsivity and deviant peers to girls engaging in pre‐sexual behavior.
Safe Handling of Chemotherapy in the Perioperative Setting
Authors: Mellinger Ellice , Skinker Linda , Sears Diane , Gardner Diane , Shult Piya
Published: April 2010

Safe handling of chemotherapeutic agents during administration and disposal is critical. Most antineoplastic agents are toxic compounds that are carcinogenic, mutagenic, or teratogenic. Direct contact may cause irritation of the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Perioperative personnel should know how to handle hazardous materials safely to protect the patient, other staff members, and themselves. These safety precautions include appropriately identifying the patient; correctly preparing, verifying, and documenting the chemotherapeutic agents being administered; consistently wearing personal protective equipment; transporting the chemotherapeutic agent in a puncture‐resistant container labeled “chemotherapy”; properly disposing of the chemotherapeutic agent and supplies; and handling a spill if one occurs.
Management of Exposure to Waste Anesthetic Gases
Authors: Smith Francis Duval
Published: April 2010

Anesthetic agents were developed in the 1700s, and nitrous oxide was first used in 1884. Research on the effects of waste anesthetic gas exposure started appearing in the literature in 1967. Short‐term exposure causes lethargy and fatigue, and long‐term exposure may be linked to spontaneous abortion, congenital abnormalities, infertility, premature births, cancer, and renal and hepatic disease. Today, perioperative staff members are exposed to trace amounts of waste anesthetic gas, and although this exposure cannot be eliminated, it can be controlled. Health care facilities are required to develop, implement, measure, and control practices to reduce anesthetic gas exposure to the lowest practical level. Exposure levels must be measured every six months and maintained at less than 25 parts per million for nitrous oxide and 2 parts per million for halogenated agents to be compliant with Occupational Safety and Health Administration standards.
Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Review of Treatment Options
Authors: Carpenter Deaun A. , Visovsky Constance
Published: April 2010

Stress urinary incontinence occurs when the support structures of the pelvic floor and the urinary system are stretched, damaged, or defective. This condition is common in women of all ages, and billions of dollars are spent each year to correct the condition and improve quality of life. This article reviews three current treatments for stress urinary incontinence: the Burch colposuspension procedure, urethral slings, and radiofrequency treatments. In one study, researchers reported that patient satisfaction rates were higher for the Burch procedure than for urethral sling procedures. Other researchers found that urethral sling procedures had high rates of success but that adverse events were more common. Adverse events for both types of procedures include voiding difficulties, postoperative urge incontinence, and urinary tract infections. Radiofrequency interventions can improve the quality of life for many patients and can provide a short‐term intervention for many patients who later may require a more‐invasive surgical procedure.
Clinical Issues—April 2010
Authors: Chard Robin
Published: April 2010

This Month

Assessing perioperative RN competency

Key words: perioperative nurse competency, professional standards, best practices, scope of practice.

Transfer of care communication

Key words: transfer of care, continuum of care, hand‐off communication, standardized communication.
Rejoinder to commentators on structural equations modeling primers: Bentler, Bagozzi, and Fabrigar, Porter, and Norris
Authors: Iacobucci Dawn
Published: April 2010

In this brief article, I applaud the commentators for the many points they make, their offering additional perspectives, and for expanding the territory of structural equations modeling coverage begun in the Journal of Consumer Psychology primers.
Late Quaternary megafloods from Glacial Lake Atna, Southcentral Alaska, U.S.A.
Authors: Wiedmer Michael , Montgomery David R. , Gillespie Alan R. , Greenberg Harvey
Published: April 2010

Geomorphic, stratigraphic, geotechnical, and biogeographic evidence indicate that failure of a Pleistocene ice dam between 15.5 and 26 ka generated a megaflood from Glacial Lake Atna down the Matanuska Valley. While it has long been recognized that Lake Atna occupied ⩾9000 km2 of south-central Alaska's Copper River Basin, little attention has focused on the lake's discharge locations and behaviors. Digital elevation model and geomorphic analyses suggest that progressive lowering of the lake level by decanting over spillways exposed during glacial retreat led to sequential discharges down the Matanuska, Susitna, Tok, and Copper river valleys. Lake Atna's size, ∽50 ka duration, and sequential connection to four major drainages likely made it a regionally important late Pleistocene freshwater refugium. We estimate a catastrophic Matanuska megaflood would have released 500–1400 km3 at a maximum rate of ⩾3×106 m3 s–1. Volumes for the other outlets ranged from 200 to 2600 km3 and estimated maximum discharges ranged from 0.8 to 11.3×106 m3 s–1, making Lake Atna a serial generator of some of the largest known freshwater megafloods.
Kierkegaard's Relations to Hegel Reconsidered
Authors: Stewart Jon
Published: April 2010

Jon Stewart's study is a major re-evaluation of the complex relations between the philosophies of Kierkegaard and Hegel. The standard view on the subject is that Kierkegaard defined himself as explicitly anti-Hegelian, indeed that he viewed Hegel's philosophy with disdain. Jon Stewart shows convincingly that Kierkegaard's criticism was not of Hegel but of a number of contemporary Danish Hegelians. Kierkegaard's own view of Hegel was in fact much more positive to the point where he was directly influenced by some of Hegel's work. Any scholar working in the tradition of Continental philosophy will find this an insightful and provocative book with implications for the subsequent history of philosophy in the twentieth century. The book will also appeal to scholars in religious studies and the history of ideas.
Israel in the Books of Chronicles
Authors: Williamson H. G. M.
Published: April 2010

This book analyses a much neglected writer's contribution to the debate within Judaism in the post-exilic period about who might legitimately be included within the reconstituted Jerusalem community, and notably the Chronicler's attitude to the status of the Samaritan sect. It has been almost universally accepted that Chronicles and Ezra-Nehemiah are all parts of a single work, and so the rather 'exclusive' attitude of Ezra-Nehemiah has been read back into Chronicles. Many believe that the Chronicles intended to reject the Samaritan claim to inclusion. Dr Williamson challenges both the assumption of unity of authorship and the attribution of an exclusive attitude to the Chronicler, providing evidence to support the case for separate authorship, and examining Chronicles in its own right. A study of the use of the word 'Israel' and an analysis of the narrative structure jointly lead to the conclusion that the Chronicler reacted against the over-exclusive attitudes of some of his contemporaries, and looked for the reunion of 'all Israel' around Jerusalem and its temple. This study will interest both Old Testament scholars and students of Jewish history and culture.
Institutional Change and American Economic Growth
Authors: Davis L. E. , North Douglass C.
Published: April 2010

This book presents a model for examining problems of institutional change and applies it to American economic development in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The authors develop their model of institutional change. They argue that if external economic factors make an increase in income possible but not attainable within the existing institutional structure, new organizations must be developed to achieve the potential in income. Their model is designed to explain the type and timing of these necessary changes in institutional organization. Individual, voluntary cooperative, and governmental arrangements are included in the discussion, although the latter differs considerably from the first two.
Church Wealth in Mexico
Authors: Costeloe Michael P.
Published: April 2010

The Juzgado de Capellanias was the most important fiscal institution within the Roman Catholic Church in Mexico. It operated in each diocese as a type of bank, receiving clerical revenues from various sources and investing them by way of loans at interest. The Roman Catholic Church in Mexico was both a cause and a victim of the political and economic chaos of this period. The liberals alleged that the concentration of much of the country's wealth in the hands of the clerical corporations hindered the political and economic progress of the nation. The clergy argued that they utilized much of their property and capital to the direct benefit of both society and the economy. Dr Costeloe examines these different views in relation to the Juzgado in Mexico. He discusses its complex internal administration, skilled employees, sources of revenue and the procedure for obtaining loans from it. Since the borrower was obliged to guarantee repayment of his loan by offering a property as security, the Church, through the Juzgado as creditor, gained control of the mortgaged property. Dr Costeloe analyses the effects of this investment and subsequent control of real estate via the clergy. In the final section, the author discusses the relations between the Juzgado and the State.
Divisors
Authors: Hall Richard R. , Tenenbaum Gérald
Published: April 2010

This is a systematic account of the multiplicative structure of integers, from the probabilistic point of view. The authors are especially concerned with the distribution of the divisors, which is as fundamental and important as the additive structure of the integers, and yet until now has hardly been discussed outside of the research literature. Hardy and Ramanujan initiated this area of research and it was developed by Erdös in the thirties. His work led to some deep and basic conjectures of wide application which have now essentially been settled. This book contains detailed proofs, some of which have never appeared in print before, of those conjectures that are concerned with the propinquity of divisors. Consequently it will be essential reading for all researchers in analytic number theory.
Fiber Optical Parametric Amplifiers, Oscillators and Related Devices
Authors: Marhic Michel E.
Published: April 2010

This book, published in 2007, provides comprehensive coverage of the theory and practice of OPAs and related devices, including fiber optical parametric oscillators (OPOs). After introducing the field, the theory and techniques behind all types of fiber OPAs are covered starting from first principles - topics include the scalar and vector OPA theory; the nonlinear Schrodinger equation; OPO theory; and quantum noise figure of fiber OPAs. Challenges of making fiber OPAs practical for a number of applications are discussed, and a survey of the state-of-the-art in feasibility demonstrations and performance evaluations is provided. The capabilities and limitations of OPAs; the potential applications for OPAs and OPOs, and prospects for future developments in the field are discussed. Theoretical tools developed in this text can also be applied to other areas of nonlinear optics. This is a valuable resource for researchers, advanced practitioners, and graduate students in optoelectronics.
Anthropology through the Looking-Glass
Authors: Herzfeld Michael
Published: April 2010

Despite having emerged in the heyday of a dominant Europe, of which Ancient Greece is the hallowed spiritual and intellectual ancestor, anthropology has paradoxically shown relatively little interest in contemporary Greek culture. In this innovative and ambitious book, Michael Herzfeld moves Greek Ethnography from the margins to the centre of anthropological theory, revealing the theoretical insights that can be gained by so doing. He shows that the ideology that originally led to the creation of anthropology also played a large part in the growth of the modern Greek nation-state, and that Greek ethnography can therefore serve as a mirror for an ethnography of anthropology itself. He further demonstrates the role that scholarly fields, including anthropology, have played in the construction of contemporary Greek culture and Greek identity.
Applied Multilevel Analysis
Authors: Twisk Jos W. R.
Published: April 2010

This is a practical introduction to multilevel analysis suitable for all those doing research. Most books on multilevel analysis are written by statisticians, and they focus on the mathematical background. These books are difficult for non-mathematical researchers. In contrast, this volume provides an accessible account on the application of multilevel analysis in research. It addresses the practical issues that confront those undertaking research and wanting to find the correct answers to research questions. This book is written for non-mathematical researchers and it explains when and how to use multilevel analysis. Many worked examples, with computer output, are given to illustrate and explain this subject. Datasets of the examples are available on the internet, so the reader can reanalyse the data. This approach will help to bridge the conceptual and communication gap that exists between those undertaking research and statisticians.
Mary Somerville
Authors: Neeley Kathryn A.
Published: April 2010

In an era when science was perceived as a male domain, Mary Somerville (1780–1872) became both the leading woman scientist of her day and an integral part of the British scientific community. She achieved this status through careful management of her gender identity and by creating rich, readable, and authoritative accounts of science that were rhetorically compelling, aesthetically satisfying, and valuable to the scientific community in the UK and abroad. This biography offers detailed analysis of the underlying patterns, themes, and rhetorical strategies of her major works and argues that Somerville employed a transcendent feminine style that retained the advantages but transcended the limitations usually associated with women's ways of knowing. The book advocates a new narrative for women's participation in science and demonstrates the many ways that gender relates to science and science functions in culture.
Liberal Pluralism
Authors: Galston William A.
Published: April 2010

William Galston is a distinguished political philosopher whose work is informed by the experience of having also served from 1993–5 as President Clinton's Deputy Assistant for Domestic Policy. He is thus able to speak with an authority unique amongst political theorists about the implications of advancing certain moral and political values in practice. The foundational argument of this 2002 book is that liberalism is compatible with the value pluralism first espoused by Isaiah Berlin. William Galston defends a version of value pluralism - liberal pluralism - and argues, against the contentions of John Gray and others, that it undergirds a kind of liberal politics that gives weight to the ability of individuals and groups to live their lives in accordance with their deepest beliefs about what gives meaning and purpose to life.
Rousseau
Authors: Gauthier David
Published: April 2010

Rousseau is often portrayed as an educational and social reformer whose aim was to increase individual freedom. In this 2006 volume David Gauthier examines Rousseau's evolving notion of freedom, where he focuses on a single quest: Can freedom and the independent self be regained? Rousseau's first answer is given in Emile, where he seeks to create a self-sufficient individual, neither materially nor psychologically enslaved to others. His second is in the Social Contract, where he seeks to create a citizen who identifies totally with his community, experiencing his dependence on it only as a dependence on himself. Rousseau implicitly recognized the failure of these solutions. His third answer is one of the main themes of the Confessions and Reveries, where he is made for a love that merges the selves of the lovers into a single, psychologically sufficient unity that makes each 'better than free'. But is this response a chimaera?
Fundamentals of Carrier Transport
Authors: Lundstrom Mark
Published: April 2010

Fundamentals of Carrier Transport is an accessible introduction to the behaviour of charged carriers in semiconductors and semiconductor devices. It is written specifically for engineers and students without an extensive background in quantum mechanics and solid-state physics. This second edition contains many new and updated sections, including a completely new chapter on transport in ultrasmall devices. The author begins by covering a range of essential physical principles. He then goes on to cover both low- and high-field transport, scattering, transport in devices, and transport in mesoscopic systems. The use of Monte Carlo simulation methods is explained in detail. Many homework exercises are provided and there are a variety of worked examples. The book will be of great interest to graduate students of electrical engineering and applied physics. It will also be invaluable to practising engineers working on semiconductor device research and development.
William Harvey's Natural Philosophy
Authors: French Roger
Published: April 2010

William Harvey's natural philosophy was a view of the world that he had put together during his education in Cambridge and Padua. It contained ways of structuring knowledge, formulating questions and arriving at answers that directed the programme of work in which he discovered the circulation of the blood. This book, the most extensive discussion of Harvey to be published for over twenty-five years, reports extensively on the views of those who wrote for and against him. It is a study of a major change in natural philosophy and of the forces which acted for and, equally important, against change. In a period traditionally central to historians of science, it is argued here that natural philosophy and particularly Harvey's speciality within it - anatomy - was theocentric. Harvey's contribution was experiment; and the revolution which occurred in the seventeenth century was concerned not with science but with experiment and the status of natural knowledge.
Corporations, Crime and Accountability
Authors: Fisse Brent , Braithwaite John
Published: April 2010

In modern society corporate activities frequently result in serious harm, whether to the environment, to victims of industrial accidents, or to persons who suffer loss from fraudulent operations. In such cases who should be held responsible, the corporation or individual employees? This book explains why accountability is rarely imposed under the present law, and proposes solutions which would help to extend responsibility to a wide range of actors. The authors develop an Accountability Model under which the courts and corporations work together to achieve accountability across a broad front.
Seneca the Elder
Authors: Fairweather Janet
Published: April 2010

A feature of Roman rhetorical education under the early empire was the dominance of the declamatio - the declamation on a mythological, historical or quasi-legal theme designed in the first place to train students for the law courts and political debating but indulged in for its own sake by amateurs as well as students and teachers of rhetoric. The elder Seneca, father of the philosopher and dramatist, compiled an anthology of the often bizarre utterances of the declaimers. Janet Fairweather's 1981 book is a detailed study of the anthologist's literary criticism. From Seneca's prefactory descriptions of declaimers and passing remarks on their work, she derives evidence for all the stages in the preparation and delivery of declamations; and from the same source, in conjunction with select declamatory extracts, she shows that rhetorical taste in Seneca's time was not so uniform as is commonly supposed.
Listening to the Cicadas
Authors: Ferrari G. R. F.
Published: April 2010

This full-length study of Plato's dialogue Phaedrus, now in paperback, is written in the belief that such concerted scrutiny of a single dialogue is an important part of the project of understanding Plato so far as possible 'from the inside' - of gaining a feel for the man's philosophy. The focus of this account is on how the resources both of persuasive myth and of formal argument, for all that Plato sets them in strong contrast, nevertheless complement and reinforce each other in his philosophy. Not only is the dialogue in its formal structure a dovetail of myth and argument, but the philosophic life that it praises is also shaped by an acknowledgement of the limitations of argument and the importance of mythical understanding. By means of this correlation of form and content Plato invites his readers, through the very act of reading, to take a first step along the path of the philosophical life.
The Humane Comedy
Authors: Kelly George Armstrong , Graubard Stephen R.
Published: April 2010

This book is the last completed work of one of the most distinguished political theorists and intellectual historians of our time. Focusing on the political ideas and activities of leading French liberals from approximately 1805 into the Second Empire, Professor Kelly presents a distinctive blend of ideological and intellectual history, biography, analysis of French regimes and their changes, and his own reflections concerning the wide and still highly pertinent range of issues considered. Beginning with a subtle analysis of the complex patterns of agreement and disagreement between the liberalisms of Benjamin Constant and Alexis de Tocqueville, the work offers a sophisticated examination of the attempts of a sequence of liberal thinkers to harmonize their commitments to political and civil liberty with one another, and with a profound desire for a legitimate and stable political order.
Discovering Relativity for Yourself
Authors: Lilley
Published: April 2010

Discovering Relativity for yourself explains Einstein's Theory of Relativity to readers who are daunted by the standard mathematical approach to that profound theory. For twenty years Sam Lilley taught this subject to adults with no science background. Now he has written an explanation of the theory that demands no prior knowledge of mathematics or physics beyond an ability to do simple arithmetic. The first quarter of the book uses no more than arithmetic and a little simple geometry to introduce some of the main concepts of the theory, as well as discussing an impressive experimental test, which comes down strongly in its favour. When eventually further progress demands use of algebra and other mathematical techniques, these are carefully explained in a way that makes them accessible to absolute beginners, using many new and unorthodox methods.
Sheaf Theory
Authors: Tennison B. R.
Published: April 2010

Sheaf theory provides a means of discussing many different kinds of geometric objects in respect of the connection between their local and global properties. It finds its main applications in topology and modern algebraic geometry where it has been used as a tool for solving, with great success, several long-standing problems. This text is based on a lecture course for graduate pure mathematicians which builds up enough of the foundations of sheaf theory to give a broad definition of manifold, covering as special cases the algebraic geometer's schemes as well as the topological, differentiable and analytic kinds, and to define sheaf cohomology for application to such objects. Exercises are provided at the end of each chapter and at various places in the text. Hints and solutions to some of them are given at the end of the book.
Introduction to the Representation Theory of Compact and Locally Compact Groups
Authors: Robert Alain
Published: April 2010

Because of their significance in physics and chemistry, representation of Lie groups has been an area of intensive study by physicists and chemists, as well as mathematicians. This introduction is designed for graduate students who have some knowledge of finite groups and general topology, but is otherwise self-contained. The author gives direct and concise proofs of all results yet avoids the heavy machinery of functional analysis. Moreover, representative examples are treated in some detail.
Cohomology of Drinfeld Modular Varieties
Authors: Laumon Gérard , Waldspurger Jean Loup
Published: April 2010

Cohomology of Drinfeld Modular Varieties provides an introduction, in two volumes, both to this subject and to the Langlands correspondence for function fields. These varieties are the analogues for function fields of the Shimura varieties over number fields. The Langlands correspondence is a conjectured link between automorphic forms and Galois representations over a global field. By analogy with the number-theoretic case, one expects to establish the conjecture for function fields by studying the cohomology of Drinfeld modular varieties, which has been done by Drinfeld himself for the rank two case. This second volume is concerned with the Arthur-Selberg trace formula, and with the proof in some cases of the Rmamanujan-Petersson conjecture and the global Langlands conjecture for function fields. It is based on graduate courses taught by the author, who uses techniques which are extensions of those used to study Shimura varieties. Though the author considers only the simpler case of function rather than number fields, many important features of the number field case can be illustrated. Several appendices on background material keep the work reasonably self-contained. It is the first book on this subject and will be of much interest to all researchers in algebraic number theory and representation theory.
Graphs, Codes and Designs
Authors: Cameron P. J. , Lint J. H. van
Published: April 2010

This book is concerned with the relations between graphs, error-correcting codes and designs, in particular how techniques of graph theory and coding theory can give information about designs. A major revision and expansion of a previous volume in this series, this account includes many examples and new results as well as improved treatments of older material. So that non-specialists will find the treatment accessible the authors have included short introductions to the three main topics. This book will be welcomed by graduate students and research mathematicians and be valuable for advanced courses in finite combinatorics.
Symmetric Designs
Authors: Lander Eric S.
Published: April 2010

Symmetric designs are an important class of combinatorial structures which arose first in the statistics and are now especially important in the study of finite geometries. This book presents some of the algebraic techniques that have been brought to bear on the question of existence, construction and symmetry of symmetric designs – including methods inspired by the algebraic theory of coding and by the representation theory of finite groups – and includes many results. Rich in examples and containing over 100 problems, the text also provides an introduction to many of the modern algebraic approaches used, through six lengthy appendices and supplementary problems. The book will be of interest to both combinatorialists and algebraists, and could be used as a course text for a graduate course.
Continuous Semigroups in Banach Algebras
Authors: Sinclair Allan M.
Published: April 2010

In these notes the abstract theory of analytic one-parameter semigroups in Banach algebras is discussed, with the Gaussian, Poisson and fractional integral semigroups in convolution Banach algebras serving as motivating examples. Such semigroups are constructed in a Banach algebra with a bounded approximate identity. Growth restrictions on the semigroup are linked to the structure of the underlying Banach algebra. The Hille-Yosida Theorem and a result of J. Esterle's on the nilpotency of semigroups are proved in detail. The lecture notes are an expanded version of lectures given by the author at the University of Edinburgh in 1980 and can be used as a text for a graduate course in functional analysis.
The Fourier Integral and Certain of its Applications
Authors: Wiener Norbert
Published: April 2010

The book was written from lectures given at the University of Cambridge and maintains throughout a high level of rigour whilst remaining a highly readable and lucid account. Topics covered include the Planchard theory of the existence of Fourier transforms of a function of L2 and Tauberian theorems. The influence of G. H. Hardy is apparent from the presence of an application of the theory to the prime number theorems of Hadamard and de la Vallee Poussin. Both pure and applied mathematicians will welcome the reissue of this classic work. For this reissue, Professor Kahane's Foreword briefly describes the genesis of Wiener's work and its later significance to harmonic analysis and Brownian motion.
Algebraic Homotopy
Authors: Baues Hans Joachim
Published: April 2010

This book gives a general outlook on homotopy theory; fundamental concepts, such as homotopy groups and spectral sequences, are developed from a few axioms and are thus available in a broad variety of contexts. Many examples and applications in topology and algebra are discussed, including an introduction to rational homotopy theory in terms of both differential Lie algebras and De Rham algebras. The author describes powerful tools for homotopy classification problems, particularly for the classification of homotopy types and for the computation of the group homotopy equivalences. Applications and examples of such computations are given, including when the fundamental group is non-trivial. Moreover, the deep connection between the homotopy classification problems and the cohomology theory of small categories is demonstrated. The prerequisites of the book are few: elementary topology and algebra. Consequently, this account will be valuable for non-specialists and experts alike. It is an important supplement to the standard presentations of algebraic topology, homotopy theory, category theory and homological algebra.
The Cauchy Problem
Authors: Fattorini Hector O. , Kerber Adalbert
Published: April 2010

This volume deals with the Cauchy or initial value problem for linear differential equations. It treats in detail some of the applications of linear space methods to partial differential equations, especially the equations of mathematical physics such as the Maxwell, Schrödinger and Dirac equations. Background material presented in the first chapter makes the book accessible to mathematicians and physicists who are not specialists in this area as well as to graduate students.
Protocols by Invariants
Authors: Schoone Anneke A.
Published: April 2010

When several computers have to cooperate to achieve a certain task (i.e. distributed computing) we need 'recipes' (i.e. protocols) to tell them what to do. Unfortunately, human minds are not well suited to keeping track of what might happen given even a very simple protocol. In this book Dr Schoone shows how we can derive properties of those protocols that always hold (i.e. invariants), irrespective of what actually happens in an execution of the protocol. From these invariants the basic attributes of the protocols can be obtained. Each protocol is explained intuitively, proved correct using invariants, and analysed to establish the relation between parameter settings and its essential features. The protocols belong to a wide range of layers in the ISO reference model hierarchy, and include the following: a class of communication protocols that tolerate and correct message loss, duplication, and resequencing; protocols for determining and maintaining routing information, both in a static and a dynamic environment; connection-management protocols; and atomic commitment protocols for use in distributed database management.
Within the Human Realm
Authors: Schmidt J. D.
Published: April 2010

This book is a study of the poetry of Huang Zunxian, one of the most famous authors of late nineteenth-century China. The first part consists of a detailed biography outlining Huang's literary and political career. This is followed by a critical discussion of Huang's poetry, including such topics as his theory of literature, his traditional verse, his highly original poetry on foreign lands, his political satire and his scientific verse. The book concludes with a generous sampling of his poetry in translation.
Implicature
Authors: Davis Wayne A.
Published: April 2010

H. P. Grice virtually discovered the phenomenon of implicature (to denote the implications of an utterance that are not strictly implied by its content). Gricean theory claims that conversational implicatures can be explained and predicted using general psycho-social principles. This theory has established itself as one of the orthodoxes in the philosophy of language. Wayne Davis argues controversially that Gricean theory does not work. He shows that any principle-based theory understates both the intentionality of what a speaker implicates and the conventionality of what a sentence implicates. In developing his argument the author explains that the psycho-social principles actually define the social function of implicature conventions, which contribute to the satisfaction of those principles. This challenging book will be of importance to philosophers of language and linguists, especially those working in pragmatics and sociolinguistics.
Thinking about Growth
Authors: Abramovitz Moses
Published: April 2010

The essays in this book explore the forces behind modern economic growth and, in particular, the causes of the extraordinary surge of growth since the Second World War. The introductory essay is an extended treatment of how economists now view the growth process and its causes. Other essays consider the contributions of capital formation, education, and the changed nature of industries and occupations. Professor Abramovitz asks why elevated incomes failed to bring the social progress and personal satisfaction that people had looked for. The final chapters in the book take up the causes of our discontent and consider whether the Welfare State has itself become an obstacle to further economic progress.The essays in this book explore the forces behind modern economic growth and, in particular, the causes of the extraordinary surge of growth since the Second World War. The introductory essay is an extended treatment of how economists now view the growth process and its causes. Other essays consider the contributions of capital formation, education, and the changed nature of industries and occupations. Professor Abramovitz asks why elevated incomes failed to bring the social progress and personal satisfaction that people had looked for. The final chapters in the book take up the causes of our discontent and consider whether the Welfare State has itself become an obstacle to further economic progress.