bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tanggung Gugat Perusahaan Atas Hubungan Jual Beli Pihak Ketiga yang Menjanjikan Harga di Bawah Harga Resmi kepada Pembeli
Authors: Azzahra Annisaa , Satriojati Bima , Sabillah Jasmine Putri , Nanini Tazkia
Published: June 2022

Adanya perjanjian jual beli emas antara Budi Said selaku pembeli dan Eksi Anggraeni selaku penjual. Eksi Anggraeni menjual emas dengan berat 7 ton di bawah harga resmi dari sebuah perusahaan yang bernama PT ANTAM. Namun, Eksi Anggraeni bukan merupakan karyawan dari PT ANTAM. Ketika terjadi pengiriman emas dari Eksi Anggraeni kepada Budi Said, ternyata berat emas yang dikirimkan Eksi Anggraeni tidak sesuai dengan apa yang telah diperjanjikan di awal. Kemudian, Budi Said menggugat PT ANTAM dengan gugatan Perbuatan Melanggar Hukum. Seharusnya PT ANTAM tidak bertanggung gugat atas tidak dipenuhinya prestasi oleh Eksi Anggraeni kepada Budi Said.
Optimalisasi Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen (BPSK) dalam Upaya Proteksi Hak Konsumen di Ranah Siber
Authors: Lestari Maudy Andreana , Meliala Dewi Ari Shia Wase , Anudiwanti Puja , Amalina Nasya Nurul
Published: June 2022

Saat ini, keberadaan internet (interconnected-networking) merupakan wadah bagi masyarakat dalam melakukan transaksi secara digital dan memberikan tanggung jawab bagi pemerintah di Indonesia untuk dapat melindungi hak konsumen secara komprehensif melalui regulasi yang mampu mengakomodasi dengan baik. Sayangnya, eksistensi BPSK sebagai lembaga alternatif yang bertanggungjawab dalam menyelesaikan sengketa konsumen belum berperan maksimal dalam penyelesaian sengketa transaksi digital karena keterbatasan wewenang yang dimilikinya. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini akan menghasilkan suatu upaya dalam rangka optimalisasi peran dan fungsi BPSK untuk melindungi hak-hak konsumen pada ranah siber.
Tinjauan Yuridis Pasal 59 Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 35 Tahun 2021 Mengenai Ketentuan Pesangon Bagi Pekerja UMKM Berdasarkan Asas Perlindungan Pekerja
Authors: Afifah Rindi Putri , Aiza Didha Narin , Gawi Ikhsan Romansah
Published: June 2022

Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja diberlakukan Pemerintah Indonesia dengan tujuan menciptakan lapangan kerja seluas-luasnya, perlindungan UMKM, peningkatan investasi, serta perlindungan kesejahteraan pekerja. Namun, undang-undang itu memunculkan polemik-polemik, salah satunya terkait Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja tentang uang pesangon khususnya pada aturan turunannya di Pasal 59 Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 35 Tahun 2021. Disebutkan bahwa bagi pengusaha UMKM, besaran pesangon diberikan berdasarkan kesepakatan pekerja dengan pengusaha. Hal itu terlihat kabur dan bertentangan dengan Asas Perlindungan Pekerja karena membuka peluang penentuan uang pesangon sepihak oleh pengusaha.
Penegakan Hukum terhadap Tindak Pidana Penjualan Obat Kadaluwarsa Ditinjau dari Perspektif Hukum Positif di Indonesia
Authors: Rosalina Veni
Published: June 2022

Pengaturan, penegakan serta penindakan tindak pidana di Indonesia hampir mencakup keseluruhan bidang kehidupan manusia dan masyarakat, salah satunya dalam bidang kesehatan. Di bidang kesehatan khususnya penjualan sediaan farmasi berupa obat kadaluwarsa pun menjadi sasaran kejahatan para oknum nakal. Padahal, bidang ini dapat dikatakan sebagai bidang yang sangat vital dan menyangkut nyawa seseorang karena apabila obat tidak dikonsumsi sesuai dengan dosis atau takaran bisa menjadi racun bagi tubuh. Apalagi jika obat tersebut sudah kadaluwarsa atau melebihi Expired Date (ED) dengan cara mengubah label obat tersebut dengan kemasan yang baru serta tanggal kadaluwarsa yang baru. Kesehatan dan nyawa seseorang memang bukan hal main-main. Maka dari itu, diperlukan adanya penegakan hukum yang tegas dan tanpa ada toleransi terhadap pelaku penjualan obat kadaluwarsa agar menimbulkan efek jera bagi oknum tersebut dan menghentikan perbuatan tersebut terulang kembali khususnya oleh oknum pengedar obat kadaluwarsa yang lainnya. Penegakan hukum terhadap tindak pidana penjualan obat kadaluwarsa ini secara normatif telah diatur dalam hukum positif di Indonesia. Pengaturan tersebut dapat ditemukan di dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 tentang Kesehatan (Undang-Undang Kesehatan) dan Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen (Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen). Kedua undang-undang ini menjadi dasar acuan dalam penegakan hukum terhadap tindak pidana penjualan obat kadaluwarsa. Pengaturan tindak pidana pengedaran obat kadaluwarsa penting untuk diakomodasi pengaturannya dalam hukum positif di Indonesia terutama karena mengingat kesehatan merupakan modal utama serta mempunyai peranan penting dalam rangka pertumbuhan dan kehidupan bangsa Indonesia.
Perspektif Hukum Mengenai Penggunaan Securities Crowdfunding pada Masa Pemulihan Ekonomi Akibat Pandemi
Authors: Soemarsono Andini Astarianti , Sofianti Ukhti Dyandra
Published: June 2022

Pandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan UMKM mengalami kesulitan finansial dalam menjalankan usahanya. Pembiayaan melalui Securities Crowdfunding (“SCF”) hadir sebagai penguatan finansial UMKM, di mana investor dan pelaku usaha dipertemukan melalui aplikasi pengumpulan dana berbasis teknologi. Untuk mengetahui peluang dan risiko dari SCF sebagai bentuk investasi dan solusi pendanaan UMKM, tulisan ini akan menganalisis konsep SCF berdasarkan hukum pasar modal Indonesia dan POJK SCF. Hasil penelitian ini akan ditulis secara deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang diperoleh dengan metode yuridis-normatif. Tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahwa hadirnya SCF dapat menjadi solusi pendanaan bagi UMKM dan bentuk investasi yang menguntungkan investor.
Penguatan Hukum dan Urgensi Otoritas Pengawas Independen dalam Pelindungan Data Pribadi di Indonesia
Authors: Khansa Farah Naurah
Published: June 2022

Penggunaan serta pemanfaatan teknologi semakin berkembang selama masa pandemi COVID-19. Dalam pemanfaatan teknologi informasi, Perlindungan Data Pribadi merupakan bagian dari hak pribadi dan oleh karenanya, negara berkewajiban untuk memenuhi hak tersebut. Di Indonesia, terjadi kekosongan hukum terkait aturan tentang perlindungan Data Pribadi. Untuk memenuhi hak pribadi, langkah yang bisa ditempuh adalah dengan membuat aturan secara khusus terkait pelidungan Data Pribadi dan mempertimbangkan pembentukan otoritas independen sebagai pengawas perlindungan Data Pribadi secara menyeluruh untuk menjamin efektivitas dan efisiensi dari implementasi Undang-Undang Perlindungan Data Pribadi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, kasus, konseptual, dan komparatif.
Pembentukan Virtual Police dari Perspektif HAM di Indonesia
Authors: Putra Rahardian Satya Mandala , Ylma Felicia Tanalina , Nurfirdaus Azzahra Nabila
Published: June 2022

Kepala Kepolisian Republik Indonesia, melalui Surat Edaran Kapolri/2/11/2021 tentang Kesadaran Budaya Beretika untuk Mewujudkan Ruang Digital Indonesia yang Bersih, Sehat dan Produktif telah melakukan pembentukan Virtual Police. Munculnya unit tersebut menimbulkan polemik tanggung jawab negara dalam menjamin hak digital masyarakat. Di sisi lain, UUD NRI 1945 telah mencantumkan tanggung jawab negara dalam menjamin perlindungan, pemajuan, penegakan, dan pemenuhan HAM. Terlebih dalam UU HAM juga telah menjamin pengakuan negara terhadap HAM. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk meneliti kesesuaian kebijakan Virtual Police dengan amanat UUD NRI 1945 dan hukum nasional serta hukum internasional tentang HAM.
Perkembangan Hak Pengelolaan atas Tanah Sebelum dan Sesudah Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 18 Tahun 2021 tentang Hak Pengelolaan, Hak Atas Tanah, Satuan Rumah Susun, dan Pendaftaran Tanah
Authors: Devita Seventina Monda
Published: June 2022

UUPA merupakan wujud perlindungan hukum di sektor agraria. hukum agraria adalah hukum yang mengatur tentang tanah baik berkaitan dengan urusan keperdataan maupun pemerintahan (administratif) beserta institusi-institusi yang berwenang atas hal tersebut. Banyaknya peraturan yang terkait dengan tanah, membuat penulis tertarik untuk menulis tentang perkembangan dan perbedaan pengaturan antara pra Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 18 Tahun 2021 tentang Hak Pengelolaan, Hak Atas Tanah, Satuan Rumah Susun, dan Pendaftaran Tanah dan pasca diberlakukannya Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 18 Tahun 2021 tentang Hak Pengelolaan, Hak Atas Tanah, Satuan Rumah Susun, dan Pendaftaran Tanah.
Urgensi Sistem Pengamanan pada Sertifikat Tanah Digital
Authors: Negara Candya Upavata Kutey Karta , Pratiwi Ni Wayan Widya , Maylinda Prisca Dwi
Published: June 2022

Salah satu dampak pandemi Covid-19 ialah mengubah pola kerja masyarakat Indonesia ke arah dunia digital. Hal ini sejalan dengan agenda pemerintah tentang “Making Indonesia 4.0”. Di dalamnya, terdapat tata kelola untuk melakukan percepatan pembangunan digitalisasi infrastruktur nasional. Pembuatan sertifikat tanah digital merupakan langkah penunjang agenda pemerintah serta mengatasi persoalan sertifikat tanah konvensional. Adapun hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem Blockchain memberikan perlindungan terhadap sertifikat tanah digital karena cara kerjanya yang terdesentralisasi dengan menggunakan kriptografi enkripsi dan deskripsi untuk memvalidasi orisinalitas data. Oleh karena itu, Blockchain merupakan langkah solutif sebagai sarana untuk mengatasi permasalahan terkait digitalisasi infrastruktur nasional.
Arti Penting Mandatory Access Consular Notification dalam Hubungan Konsuler
Authors: Pustika Anna Anindita Nur
Published: June 2022

Salah satu hubungan yang dapat dilakukan di antara negara adalah melalui hubungan konsuler. Hubungan konsuler dapat terlaksana apabila ada kesepakatan di antara kedua belah pihak yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan mengirimkan perwakilan negaranya untuk ditempatkan di negara penerima. Salah satu kewajiban negara penerima maupun negara pengirim adalah memberikan perlindungan warga negara yang menghadapi masalah hukum di negara penerima. Hal ini disebut Mandatory Access Consular Notification, bahwa negara penerima wajib segera memberitahukan perwakilan konsuler negara asal warga negara yang menghadapi masalah hukum dan perwakilan konsuler wajib memberikan bantuan di wilayah negara penerima dalam batas-batas yang diperbolehkan oleh hukum negara penerima dan hukum internasional.
Penegakan Hukum Pelanggaran Kesehatan di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19 (Komparasi dengan Berbagai Negara)
Authors: Sinjar Muhammad Arafah
Published: June 2022

Mobilisasi massa merupakan problematika yang harus menjadi arus utama yang diperhatikan di masa Pandemi Covid-19 ini. Hal tersebut karena apabila tidak dikendalikan dengan baik, mobilisasi secara bebas justru menjadi medium penyebaran Virus Corona yang mengancam kesehatan masyarakat secara umum. Sehingga secara idealnya, ketentuan hukum menjadi garda terdepan dalam meminimalisasi setiap potensi transmisi Covid-19. Akan tetapi, hal ini juga harus dibarengi dengan kesadaran masyarakat akan ketentuan kesehatan. Penelitian ini berusaha untuk memetakan legalitas, problematika hingga kasus-kasus pelanggaran kesehatan yang terjadi di tengah masyarakat Indonesia pada saat momentum Pandemi Covid-19 ini. Penulis juga akan membandingkan situasi penegakan hukum di negara lain khususnya Australia dan Inggris.
Konsepsi Hak Cipta Ditinjau dari Distribusi Kekayaan Menurut Teori Hukum Ekonomi Syariah
Authors: Musyarri Fazal Akmal
Published: June 2022

Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HKI) merupakan hak yang timbul dari hasil olah pikir otak manusia yang menghasilkan suatu produk atau proses yang berguna bagi kehidupan manusia. Objek pengaturan HKI adalah karya yang timbul atau lahir dari kemampuan intelektual manusia. HKI sendiri memiliki banyak macam seperti hak cipta, hak merek, hak paten, desain industri, rahasia dagang, perlindungan varietas tanaman, hingga desain tata letak sirkuit terpadu. HKI sendiri dalam konteks Hukum Islam termasuk sebagai anugerah pemberian Allah S.W.T.. Dalam tulisan ini, penulis tertarik untuk mengkaji mengenai HKI ditinjau dari sudut pandang teori kepemilikan harta benda beserta implikasinya. Hal tersebut mengingat pemanfaatan dari HKI yang dapat mendatangkan nilai komersial bagi pemegang HKI sebagai hak ekslusif. Apakah konsepsi tersebut telah sesuai dengan syariat Islam atau terdapat konsep lain yang lebih ideal untuk diterapkan.
Scene Barrier Effects on Vehicle Deceleration Rate during Primary Accident in a Suburban Area
Authors: Rani M.F.H. , Abu Bakar S. , Hashim M.S.M. , Harun A. , Razlan Z.M. , Wan W.K. , Zunaidi I. , Ibrahim I. , Afendi M. , Efi N.E. , Ahmad Y. , Dalib M. , Mat Rudin S.S.
Published: June 2022

This study uses a simulation of primary accident to investigate the scene barrier effects on vehicle deceleration rate in the suburban area to assess driver behaviour. Several conditions were designed and experimented to determine the capability of scene barrier, which included free flow traffic without an accident, an accident without scene barrier and an accident with scene barrier. The vehicle deceleration rate was investigated by collecting speed-time data in normal traffic zone and rubbernecking zone. Results found that the average vehicle deceleration rate reached as high as - 1.93 km/h/s in rubbernecking zone compared to normal traffic zone (as high as - 0.49 km/h/s) especially when an accident was simulated without the scene barrier. Introduction of scene barrier during the simulated accident improved traffic flow and reduced rubbernecking phenomena by improving the average vehicle deceleration rate in rubbernecking zone by up to 43.0 %. However, sudden deceleration cannot be totally eliminated during the simulated accident with the scene barrier due to driver behaviour. For optimization of braking time during a primary accident, a study of the algorithm of Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB) system is necessary.
Improvement of Psychosocial Supportive Mobility through 7-seater Vehicles: The Scope of Child Restraint System
Authors: Ab Rashid A.A. , Mohd Jawi Z.
Published: June 2022

The regulation of Child Restraint System (CRS) in Malaysia will pose a psychosocial challenge for road users' mobility: specifically, the limitation of in-vehicle space to allow for the whole family to travel together. Secondary data that various agencies published indicate significant number of road users will face this issue as their family sizes are five and above. The country's collectivistic culture further contributes to the seriousness of the issue as people need to travel together to fulfil the demands and norms of the society, which includes various "makan- makan" and gathering events. While 7-seater are the potential solution for this issue, the users' financial constraints limit them to only selective options of such vehicles in the market requiring them to make trade-offs. The article ends with a calling to the government to consider various approaches as to make the mobility in Malaysia safer and more psychosocially supportive.
A Longitudinal Analysis of Traffic-Violation Behaviours among Two Groups of Motorcyclist in Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Joewono T.B. , Legi S.D. , Tarigan A.K.M.
Published: June 2022

The capability and limitations of car drivers or motorcyclists are believed to change over time as a response to external and internal triggers. As a fact, studies regarding behaviour of young motorcyclists from developing countries are very rare while motorcyclists from developed and developing are believed as different. This study aims to explore the change of behavior of young motorcyclists in committing traffic violations in urban areas from experience in developing countries. Analyses employed datasets collected using questionnaire survey from Bandung, Indonesia from two periods, namely 2010 and 2017. Comparison analyses were completed to compare traffic violations attributes between the two datasets. Two causal models from two data collections were estimated using structural equation modelling to analyse the influencing factors to traffic violations as well as to analyse the relationships of influencing factors, characteristics of motorcyclist, and type of violations. Between the two datasets it is found the difference of the type of violations which implies the change of attitudes in committing traffic violations, while the change of causal relationships is not found in the models. This study confirms the flexibility of behavior change in riding motorcycles between young motorcyclists, while relationships among constructs seem more stable.
Assessment of Road Safety Performance for Southeast Asian Countries
Authors: Jameel A.K. , Evdorides H.
Published: June 2022

The aim of this research is to assess the road safety performance in Southeast Asian countries to measure to what extent the new vision "safe system" is considered in the national road safety strategies. For this, a road safety index RSAI(ESA) is developed to use as a tool of assessment. The theoretical framework is based on the main pillars of safe system principles: safer roads and mobility, safer vehicles, and safer road users. A set of indicators are selected based on specific criteria. Each indicator is weighted, normalised, then aggregated using a simple linear additive aggregation method to construct the RSAI(ESA). This index is used to assess the performance of road safety in Southeast Asian countries, and then to rank the countries accordingly. The results show that the countries which have high rate of road crashes have started to take action to solve road safety problems, while some countries need to take further steps to apply the recommendations of the DARS 2011-2020. The setting of the minimum vehicle safety standards regulated by the United Nations (UN) is the most critical element that all the countries in this region should consider in their road safety strategies.
A Study of Malaysian Motorcyclists' Behaviour from the Perspective of Pickup Truck
Authors: Mazlan N.A. , Yahya W.J. , Ithnin A.M. , Ahmad Laili M.S.
Published: June 2022

The number of fatalities related to motorcyclists in Malaysia has exceeded 4,000 people a year in the recent years. The cause of each accident may vary from case to case but mostly related to human errors. Many studies have tried to relate motorcyclist behaviour and number of crashes through survey and statistical analysis. In this study, a pick-up truck equipped with a Video Camera Recorder (VCR) will be used to record motorcyclist behaviour in highway and urban areas for three months. The data from VCR was analysed and categorized into two groups; motorcyclist riding behaviour and safety requirement. The behaviour will be discussed and causes that can lead to accidents will be identified.
STAMP-Based Analysis on the Safety Management System of Bus Operators
Authors: Ahmad M.S. , Ariffin A.H. , Fathi M.S.
Published: June 2022

Road accidents involving commercial vehicles are showing an alarming trend from year to year. Ironically the accidents involving heavy vehicles would involve the third party such as cars, motorcycles and other vehicles; due to several factors such as fatigue, speeding, tire defect, road defect, road design issue and risky driving. When occurred, it normally involved higher number of fatalities. Therefore, in order to improve the situation with regards to road accidents involving heavy vehicles, especially buses, a holistic road safety strategy is necessary and vital towards better road safety in the future. This paper aims to understand Safety Management System of bus operators using Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes (STAMP) by analysing three case studies namely Genting, Tapah and Pagoh bus crashes in 2013, 2015 and 2016, respectively. Hazard analysis and causal factors were carried out on the bus operators' Safety Management System by using STPA (Systems- Theoretic Process Analysis) and CAST (Causal Analysis based on STAMP). The results of the analyses showed that the operating process could be revised or redesigned to improve the existing safety system. Moreover, STAMP could be a very useful approach to understand the whole safety system that may involve several complex factors.
Pandemic COVID-19 Effect on Future Courier Technologies
Authors: Yahya W.J.
Published: June 2022

In Malaysia, when Movement Control Order (MCO) took place, many economic sectors are forced to shut down to control the pandemic. Most of the households are trapped in the house and trying to adapt to many new normal activities such as “work from home”, “virtual learning”, “online shopping” and many more. These new normal activities are increasing the demand of certain economic sectors such as Information and Communication Technology (ICT), digital banking, delivery services, etc.
Experimental Setup of Driver Behavior on Road Darkness Level
Authors: Md Yusof N. , Karjanto J. , Hassan M.Z. , Sulaiman S. , Mustaffa N.
Published: June 2022

Most of the previous research on the road darkness effect in Malaysia focused on traffic flow characteristics such as traffic speed and its density. Only limited efforts have been made to assess the road darkness effect on driver behaviours. In this paper, an experimental setup is explained to study driver behaviours when approaching parked or slow- moving vehicles during nighttime. A single-carriageway was selected to conduct the study. The road lighting will be controlled to be switched on or switched off during the experiment. Three obstacles in the shape of a motorcycle, car, and lorry will be used to simulate the parked or slow-moving vehicle. The experimental setup is designed to collect driver behaviour data including the reaction time taken for breaking or slowing down when approaching the obstacle, the distance between the car and the obstacle, the speed of the car and its trajectory. This experimental setup is expected to be used in a study that investigates the effect of dark roads on driver behavior.
Road Traffic Crash Data Management in ASEAN: 3-5-2 Perspective
Authors: Zainal Abidin A.N.S. , Roslan A. , Shahril R. , Jamaludin A.S. , Muhd Razali M.N. , Abu Kassim K.A.
Published: June 2022

Every year approximately 1.3 million people are killed on roads around the world. Without new and effective actions, deaths in low to middle-income countries are forecasted to rise steeply, as the level of motorization is increasing. The availability of road safety data is fundamental to improving road safety outcomes, tracking progress, and achieving the road safety targets set by each country. With consistent and standardize collection and management, these data will provide beneficial and accurate insights for trends monitoring, future and time series prediction, and ultimately a reliable review of currently implemented programs. However, managing the data is a challenging aspect especially when it involves multiple agencies with different focuses and requirements and countless bureaucracy. By continued adoption of the "3-5-2" concept from football strategies, this paper will review the status-quo conditions of road crash data collection and management in the middle-income tier ASEAN countries. These shall be one of the core values for effective road safety management and improvement stipulated under the Decade of Action for Road Safety.
Motion Sickness Mitigation in Autonomous Vehicle: A Mini-Review
Authors: Saruchi S.A. , Ariff M.H.M. , Zamzuri H. , Rahman M.A.A. , Wahid N. , Hassan N. , Izni N.A. , Yakub F. , Husain N.A. , Abu Kassim K.A.
Published: June 2022

An autonomous vehicle is a rapidly evolving technology that received attention from researchers due to its potential benefits. Besides the advantages, there are also non-negligible issues that need to be overcome in the middle of the autonomous vehicle development process. Among all the challenges, one of the important topics that have not gained adequate consideration is motion sickness (MS). This paper reviews the benefit and challenges of autonomous vehicles, MS factors, the quantifying methods of MS, and the mitigation strategies of MS. Considering the importance of minimizing MS, it is concluded that the number of strategies to lessen MS's severity is still lacking; hence, requiring more attention from automotive researchers.
Exploring Characteristics and Contributory Factors of Road Crashes and Near Misses Recorded via Dashboard Camera
Authors: Ariffin A.H. , Solah M.S. , Hamzah A. , Ahmad M.S. , Mohamad Radzi M.A. , Zulkipli Z.H. , Salleh A.S. , Mohd Jawi Z.
Published: June 2022

The use of dashboard camera (dashcam), or also known as digital video recorder (DVR) is increasingly becoming popular among personal vehicle owners nowadays due to affordable prices and higher video qualities. Many road-related incidents including vehicle crashes and near-misses can be recorded using dashboard cameras and shared via social media as lessons learned to others. Recorded videos of the incidents in real-time can be observed and used for a variety of purposes, including as supportive evidence for investigation. This paper explores the potential use of recorded dashcam videos in determining the characteristics and factors contributing to road crashes and near-misses under different situations. Selected video records of road crashes and near-misses were obtained from the internet thru social media and were used for analysis. The findings concluded that a dashboard camera is an effective digital video technology for traffic and accident monitoring systems. It has a high potential in providing supportive evidence of many frequently occurring factors and understanding the causes of road crashes and near-miss incidents.
Lift and Drag Performance Based on Varying Flapping Wing Camber at Low Reynolds Number of Micro Air Vehicles (MAVs)
Authors: Yusoff H. , Arifin M.R. , Shaari N.S. , Zainuddin M. , Mahmod R. , Suhaimi S. , Wan Mohamed W.M.
Published: June 2022

Flapping-Wing Micro Air Vehicles (FW-MAVs) are small hand-held flying vehicles that can maneuver in constrained space owing to their lightweight, low aspect ratio and the ability to fly in a low Reynolds number environment. In this study, the aerodynamic characteristics such as time-averaged lift (CL avg) and time-averaged drag (CD avg) of camber wings with different five wind tunnel test models with 6, 9, 12, and 15 per cent camber were developed and the results were compared with a flat wing to assess the effects of camber wing on the aerodynamic performance for flapping flight applications. The experiments were performed in an open chamber with non-return airflow with a test section of (0.3 x 0.3) m and capable of speeds from 0.5 to 30 m/s. The (CL avg) and (CD avg) as functions of the angle of attack at 100, associated with flapping frequency at 9 Hz and low Re = 3600 of the flapping motions concerning the incoming flows are measured by using a strain gauge balance and KYOWA PCD- 300A sensor interface data acquisition system. It is found that camber would bring significant aerodynamic benefits in a higher lift in comparison to the flat wing and increase with increasing camber instead of drag shows contrary a decreasing of performance with increase drag when the camber raised.
Driving Performance Indicator (DPI) to Classify Distracted Driving Conditions in the Elderly Females
Authors: Loh W.P. , Tan K.S. , Yusop N.M. , Mohd Jawi Z. , Ibrahim M.K.A.
Published: June 2022

The driving performance and distracted driving conditions are among the key elements in road safety assessments. Quantitative measurements were reportedly used to characterize the driving performance. However, the main Driving Performance Indicators (DPI) that evaluate and distinguish the distracted driving conditions are unknown. The present study aimed to select the top three DPIs that best classify three levels of driving distractions targeting the elderly female group based on the publicly available database. Data involved eight driving session records of 15 subjects (female of elderly age group) captured in 62,284 instances x 6 attributes (5 DPI and 1 DriveCondition class) that were extracted based on the inclusion criteria set. The DPI features were selected based on the Correlation-based Feature Selection (CFS) and CorrelationAttributeEval (CA) algorithms of WEKA 3.8, reasoned by DPI's Pearson's correlation results. The Simple Random Undersampling approach was used to resolve the class imbalance state. The 'All' and 'with DPI feature selection DPI' (CFS and CA) datasets were classified using 1NN and J-48 algorithms at 10-fold cross-validation mode into three predefined classes of distracted driving conditions (Relax, Moderate and Intense). Classification accuracies achieved from 'All' and 'with DPI feature selection DPI' (CFS and CA) datasets were 66.10% to 68.86% (1NN) and 68.50% to 71.01% (J-48), respectively. The main DPI subsets nominated by CFS: {Speed, Acceleration, Steering, Laneoffset} and CA: {Speed, LaneOffset, Acceleration} each decreased classification accuracy from All datasets by a minimal 0.4% to 2.8% each. Findings demonstrated that Speed, Acceleration, and Lane Offset were high-ranked DPIs that sufficiently distinguished driving distraction classes for the elderly female drivers.
Participation of Nyishi women of Arunachal Pradesh in Panchayati Raj Institution
Authors: Bathey Yora
Published: June 2022

Since time immemorial the Nyishi women has been barred from making or taking any political or social decision related to public sphere. In the matter of decision making in Nyishi society it has always been seen as the man’s job and women were not allowed to take decision, especially in the public sphere. The consequence of this was that women were seen as inferior gender than man in Nyishi Society. The women though sometime in some cases ruled the house internally, it was believed that though the male took all the decision but it was the women who were governing the decision in real sense. The paper attempts to explore the status of women participation in Panchayati Raj.
Understanding Rural Development in Naga Villages: A Case Study of Magulong and Nzauna
Authors: Hainuebe Newme
Published: June 2022

This study has identified significant gaps between the intention of a series of rural development schemes and the experiences of the supposed beneficiaries – as in the case of the two Zeme Naga tribal villages located at the border of two administrative jurisdictions of Manipur and Nagaland. This study analyses the villagers’ perceptions of rural development programmes, their socio-economic status, and living condition based on interviews and observations. It attempts to understand the socioeconomic issues of the two villages, and further leads us to look at the concerns of the villagers and figure out what ought to be done.
Interrogating the gender spectrum; does the ‘biology’ or ‘culture’ debate still hold any currency?
Authors: A. Modi Zilpha A. Modi
Published: June 2022

More recently the world is witnessing an increasing trend in gender plurality. There is an increase in a number of people who refuse to be identified as either men or women. The previous male-female binary concept of gender is being stretched to include categories such as Lesbians, Gays, Bisexuals and Transgenders (LGBT). This has forced to radically alter the previous notion of gender. In this essay, in the light of these developments, I will argue that even though there has been an expansion on the idea of gender, gender as a binary concept continues to be accepted and articulated universally. The reason for this lies in the cultural construction of gender and not biology. Biological differences is culturally appropriated to reinforce gender binary.
Soil Dynamics of Pre- and Post- Slash-and-Burn Jhum Fields of Tirap District, Arunachal Pradesh
Authors: Tesia Phongam , Wangpan Tonlong , Taka Tapi , Giba Jentu , Tangjang Sumpam
Published: June 2022

Jhum agriculture is widely practiced on Arunachal Pradesh’s hill slopes, and it is more than just a means of subsistence; it is a way of life that has symbolic connotations for the socio-cultural life and natural landscapes, and it is an essential component of survival and economic existence. An attempt was made to study the soil characterization associated with pre-and post- burned jhum cultivation practiced by the ethnic Nocte and Tutsa tribes of Tirap district, Arunachal Pradesh. The soil samples were collected from the same location at the pre-and post-burnt fields from the various depth of soil profile A (0-20) cm, B (20-40) cm, and C (40-60) cm. The present study reveals an overall increase in porosity, temp, pH, Moisture, and bulk density because of the burning of the jhum field. In post-burned jhum fields of all the locations, there was an overall increase in the percentage of Sodium and Calcium in soil collected and a decrease in the percentage of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium. The pH was mostly found to be acidic and increasing with the depth of the soil profile. There was a significant difference in total nitrogen content of the soils, whereas phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and sodium showed little differences for pre-and post-burned jhum fields. The effects of the slashing and burning process promote changes in soil physical as well as chemical properties, thereby influencing the nutrient status. Deterioration of soil nutrients starts after the burning of vegetation and continues subsequently throughout the various stages of jhum cultivation.
Why we need Non absolute integral in place of Lebesgue integral?
Authors: Kalita Hemanta
Published: June 2022

In this survey note we discuss about non absolute integrable functions and we put our view about the question: Why we need Non absolute integral in place of Lebesgue integral? Various areas are discussed, where we can find Henstock-Kurzweil integral in place of Lebesgue integral.
On Λ-Fibonacci difference sequence spaces of fractional order
Authors: Yaying Taja
Published: June 2022

In this article, we introduce -Fibonacci difference operator of fractional order which is obtained by the composition of -Fibonacci matrix and backward fractional difference operator defined by and introduce the sequence spaces and We give some topological properties, and obtain the Schauder basis of the new spaces.
Aplikasi Laporan Kinerja Pegawai Kantor Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Sumatera Utara Berbasis Web
Authors: Adelia Ananda Lubis
Published: June 2022

Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Sumatera Utara merupakan dinas yang mengendalikan bagian Teknologi Informasi di Provinsi Sumatera Utara, termasuk pangkalan data, website dan jaringan. Kantor dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Sumatera Utara berlokasi di Jalan H.H Said No.7 Medan. Berdasarkan observasi yang telah dilakukan, laporan kinerja pegawai selama ini masih menggunakan Google Form, penulis menganggap cara ini kurang efektif dan perlu ditingkatkan dengan merancang sebuah aplikasi khusus yang digunakan untuk menampung seluruh laporan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research dan Development (R&D) dengan melakukan observasi secara langsung, menganalisa kebutuhan dan mengembangkan sebuah aplikasi untuk pelaporan kinerja pegawai tersebut. Hasil yang didapat dari penelitian ini bisa membantu Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Sumatera dalam pelaporan kinerja pegawai.
Manevi Danışmanlıkta Kurumsal Model Önerileri: Ahi Evran Kişisel Gelişim Akademisi & Fütüvvet Manevi Danışmanlık ve Rehberlik Merkezi Örnekleri
Authors: ATAK Mustafa
Published: June 2022

Anadolu’da Ahi Evran tarafından kurulan Ahilik anlayışı, kâmil insan olma yolunda nefs mertebelerinde olduğu gibi aşamalı bir şekilde ilerlemeyi gerektirmektedir. Bu ilerleme, psikoloji biliminin ulaşma amacında olduğu ‘kendini gerçekleştirme’ düzeyini ifade etmektedir. Ahilik, son yıllarda büyük önem kazanan nefs psikolojisi yaklaşımının toplum ve sosyal yapı içindeki pratik uygulamasıdır. Ahilik fikri temelini tasavvuftan ve fütüvvetten almaktadır. Dolayısıyla fütüvvet kavramı üzerinde durmak önemlidir. Ahiliğin temelini teşkil eden Fütüvvet; nefs tezkiyesi, güzel ahlak ve cömertlik merkezli bir yaşam tarzı olup, başkasını kendine tercih etmek (altruism), diğerkâmlık şeklinde ifade edilen bir yaşam biçimidir. Psikolojik bağlamda fütüvvet kavramı, kişinin anksiyete ve depresyon nedeniyle yaşadığı bunalma ve sıkışmayı aşma, zihinsel stagnasyondan (durgunluk) kurtulma, kendini gerçekleştirme gibi sonuçları içinde barındıran ve son yıllarda gelişmiş ülkelerde yaygınlaşan iyilik terapisini somutlaştıran bir kavramdır. İyilik terapisi yöntemine göre huzursuzluk, mutsuzluk, anlamsızlık ve yalnızlık gibi sıkıntılar yaşayan kişilerin zor durumda olan başka insanlara kendi güç ve imkânına göre maddi ya da manevi yardımlarda bulunması ve iyilik yapması psikolojik rahatlama sağlamaktadır. Son yıllarda sosyolojik terapi olarak da adlandırılan, “Bir kişiye yardım etmek için, kişilerarası düzenlemeler yapmak suretiyle kişinin çevresini düzenlemeye dayalı ve sosyalleşmeyi destekleyici bir terapi yaklaşımı şeklinde tanımlanan Sosyoterapi, yaygınlık kazanmaktadır. Sosyoterapi yaklaşımı, “kişilerarası” boyutları ve karşılıklı etkileşimi baz almasıyla psikoterapinin birey eksenli çalışmalarının ötesine geçmektedir. Sosyoterapi, terapist kadar grupta yer alanların da sağaltım sürecinde belirli rol ve işlevler yerine getirdikleri, kendileri psikolojik iyi oluş yaşarken karşılarındaki kişileri de iyileştirdikleri bir süreçtir. Bu bağlamda psikososyal yaklaşım olarak nitelendirebileceğimiz iki farklı model önerisine değinilmiştir. Birincisi, Türk sanayisinin gelişiminde mesleki derinleşme ve maddi-manevi dayanışmayı temel alarak fütüvvet ruhunu ticaret kurumlarıyla bu luşturmayı amaçlayan Ahi Evran Fütüvvet Kişisel Gelişim Akademisi; ikincisi, nefs psikolojisi yaklaşımında hayır-hasenat terapisi olarak adlandırılan terapötik uygulama; huzursuzluk, mutsuzluk, anlamsızlık ve yalnızlık gibi sıkıntılar yaşayan bireylerin ihtiyacı olan başka insanlara yardım etmesi ve karşılıksız olarak iyilik yapmasını vurgulayan Fütüvvet Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Merkezi modelidir.
Single nucleotide polymorphism-based analysis of the genetic structure of the Min pig conserved population
Authors: Meng Fanbing , Cai Jiancheng , Wang Chunan , Fu Dechang , Di Shengwei , Wang Xibiao , Chang Yang , Xu Chunzhu
Published: June 2022

Objective: The study aims to uncover the genetic diversity and unique genetic structure of the Min pig conserved population, divide the nucleus conservation population, and construct the molecular pedigree.Methods: We used KPS Porcine Breeding Chip v1 50K for SNP detection of 94 samples (31♂, 63♀) in the Min pig conserved population from Lanxi breeding Farm.Results: The polymorphic marker ratio (PN), the observed heterozygosity (Ho), and the expected heterozygosity (He) were 0.663, 0.335, and 0.330, respectively. The pedigree-based inbreeding coefficients (FPED) was significantly different from those estimated from runs of homozygosity (FROH) and single nucleotide polymorphism (FSNP) based on genome. The Pearson correlation coefficient between FROH and FSNP was significant (p<0.05). The effective population content (Ne) showed a continuously decreasing trend. The rate of decline was the slowest from 200 to 50 generations ago (r = 0.95), then accelerated slightly from 50 to 5 generations ago (1.40<r<1.50) and increased significantly in the last 5 generations (r = 2.6). According to the composition of Chinese lineage, we separated the nucleus conservation population (81 individuals) and the candidate conservation population (13 individuals) of Min pig, then the nucleus conservation population of Min pig was divided into 9 families by genomic information matrix.Conclusion: Our study indicated that the genetic diversity of the Min pig conserved population was inadequate. Due to the introgression of European commercial pig breeds and the unscientific breeding process, it is necessary to construct the molecular pedigree of the nucleus conservation population for the Min pig.
Effects of mixed selenium sources on the physiological responses and blood profiles of lactating sows and tissue concentration of their progeny
Authors: Kim Cheon Soo , Jin Xing Hao , Kim Yoo Yong
Published: June 2022

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of selenium benefits on the physiological responses, litter performance, blood profiles and milk composition of lactating sows and tissue concentration of their progeny when mixed form of selenium was provided in a lactation diet.Methods: A total of 45 multiparous sows (Yorkshire×Landrace) with similar body weight, backfat thickness, and parity were assigned to one of three treatments with 15 sows per treatment in a completely randomized design. Organic and inorganic selenium were mixed and added to the diet at 0.15 ppm and 0.25 ppm, respectively. A non-Se-fortified corn–soybean meal basal diet served as a negative control. Treatments were as follows: i) Control: corn–soybean meal based diet, ii) ISOS15: control+ inorganic Se 0.15 ppm+organic Se 0.15 ppm, iii) ISOS25: control+inorganic Se 0.25 ppm+organic Se 0.25 ppm.Results: Serum selenium concentrations of sows and piglets were increased by the supplemental Se mixture at 7 days of lactation compared with the control (p<0.01, respectively). The kidney and muscle selenium concentrations of piglets were increased by the supplemental Se mixture at 21 days of lactation compared with the control (p = 0.03; p = 0.04, respectively).Conclusion: Consequently, supplementation with mixed inorganic and organic selenium in a lactating diet could improve the selenium status of sows and piglets; no differences were observed among the mixing levels.
Screening of key miRNAs related with the differentiation of subcutaneous adipocytes and the validation of miR-133a-3p functional significance in goats
Authors: Li Xin , Zhang Hao , Wang Yong , Li Yanyan , Wang Youli , Zhu Jiangjiang , Lin Yaqiu
Published: June 2022

Objective: Adipocyte differentiation is regulated by a variety of functional genes and noncoding RNAs. However, the role of miRNAs in lipid deposition of goat white adipose tissue is still unclear. Therefore, this study revealed the miRNA expression profile in goat subcutaneous adipocytes by sRNA-seq.Methods: The miRNA expressed in goat subcutaneous preadipocytes and the mature adipocytes were sequenced by sRNA-seq. The differentially expressed miRNAs (DEm) were screened and gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia for genes and genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function combined with oil red O staining, Bodipy staining, and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were utilized to determine the effect of miR-133a-3p on adipocyte differentiation.Results: A total of 218 DEm were screened out. The target genes of these DEm were significantly enriched in GO items such as biological regulation and in KEGG terms such as FAK signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway. qPCR verified that the expression trend of miRNA was consistent with miRNA-seq. The gain-of-function or loss-of-function of miR-133a-3p showed that it promoted or inhibited the accumulation of lipid droplets, and CCAAT enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) and C/EBPβ were extremely significantly up-regulated or down-regulated respectively (p<0.01), the loss-of-function also led to a significant down-regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) (p<0.01).Conclusion: This study successfully identified miRNAs expression patterns in goat subcutaneous adipocytes, and functional identification indicates that miR-133a-3p is a positive regulator of the differentiation process of goat subcutaneous adipocytes. Our results lay the foundation for the molecular mechanism of lipid deposition in meat-source goats from the perspective of miRNA.
Targets Detection Using Multiple Foveas
Authors: Medeiros Petrucio R. T. , Gomes Rafael B. , Gonçalves Luiz M. G.
Published: June 2022

Target detection enables running a robotic task. However, their limited resources make large amount of data processing harder. Image foveation is an approach that can reduce processing demand by reducing the amount of data to be processed. However, as an important visual stimulli can be attenuated by this reduction, some strategy should be applied in order to keep/recover awareness of it. This work compares gradient descent (potential field), maximum likelihood, multilateration, trilateration, and barycentric coordinates to solve this problem in a multiple mobile foveas context. Our results demonstrate that the proposed methodology detects the target converging with an average euclidian distance of 51 pixels from the target's center position.
Semi-automatic Segmentation of Skin Lesions based on Superpixels and Hybrid Texture Information
Authors: Santos Elineide Silva dos , Veras Rodrigo de Melo Souza
Published: June 2022

This article exposes a semi-automatic method with the potential to aid the doctor while supervising the progression of skin lesions. The proposed methodology pre-segments skin lesions using the SLIC0 algorithm for the generation of superpixels. Following this, each superpixel is represented using a descriptor constructed of a mix from GLCM and Tamura texture features. The feature's gain ratios were utilized to choose the data applied in the semi-supervised clustering algorithm Seeded Fuzzy Cmeans. This algorithm uses certain specialist-marked regions to group the superpixels into lesion or background regions. Finally, the segmented image undergoes a post-processing step to eliminate sharp edges. The experiments were performed on a total of 3974 images. We used the 2995 images from PH2, DermIS and ISIC 2018 datasets to establish our method's specifications and the 979 images from ISIC 2016 and ISIC 2017 datasets for performance analysis. Our experiments demonstrate that by manually identifying a few percentages of the generated superpixels, the proposed approach reaches an average accuracy of 95.97%, thus giving a superior performance to the techniques presented in the literature. Even though the proposed method requires physicians' intervention, they can obtain segmentation results similar to manual segmentation from a significantly less time-consuming task.
Using images to avoid collisions and bypass obstacles in indoor environments
Authors: Medeiros David Silva de , Araújo Thiago Henrique , Silva Júnior Elias Teodoro da , Ramalho Geraldo Luis Bezerra
Published: June 2022

Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) has contributed a lot to the advancement of autonomous navigation techniques, and such systems can be adapted to facilitate the movement of robots and visually impaired people. This work presents an approach that uses images to avoid collisions and bypass obstacles in indoor environments. The constructed dataset uses information from forward and lateral speeds during walks to determine collisions and obstacle avoidance. VGG16, ResNet50, and Dronet architectures were used to evaluate the dataset. Finally, reflections on the dataset characteristics are added, and the CNNs performance is presented.
Automated Visual Inspection of Aircraft Exterior Using Deep Learning
Authors: Yasuda Yuri D. V. , Cappabianco Fabio A. M. , Martins Luiz Eduardo G. , Gripp Jorge A. B.
Published: June 2022

Aircraft visual inspections, or General Visual Inspections (GVIs), aim at finding damages or anomalies on the exterior and interior surfaces of the aircraft, which might compromise its operation, structure, or safety when flying. Visual inspection is part of the activities of aircraft Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO). Specialists perform quality inspections to identify problems and determine the type and importance that they will report. This process is time-consuming, subjective, and varies according to each individual. The time that an aircraft stays grounded without flight clearance means financial losses. The main goal of this work is to advance the state-of-the-art of defect detection on aircraft exterior with deep learning and computer vision. We investigate improvements to the accuracy of dent detection. Besides, we investigate new classes of identified defects, such as scratches. We also plan to demonstrate that it is possible to develop a complete system to automate the visual inspection of aircraft exterior using images of the aircraft acquired by drones. We will use deep neural networks for the detection and segmentation of defective regions. This system will aid in the elimination of subjectivity caused by human errors and shorten the time required to inspect an aircraft, bringing benefits to its safety, maintenance, and operation.