bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of chondrocyte antigen presentation in osteoarthritis
Authors:   , Sengprasert Panjana
Published: April 2023

Osteoarthritis (OA) is an inflammatory disorder characterized by degeneration of joint components, especially the cartilage. Chondrocytes are found in articular cartilage and play a role in cartilage production and degradation. Several studies found that chondrocytes not only control the cartilage metabolism, but also play a role in immune responses. However, the role of chondrocytes in the pathogenesis of OA is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the responses of OA chondrocytes after stimulating with IFN-γ and proteoglycan aggrecan and also determined antigen presentation function of chondrocytes to present proteoglycan aggrecan peptide to T cells. We found that OA chondrocyte upregulate MHC class I and II on their cell surface after IFN-γ stimulation. Proteoglycan aggrecan peptides, especially P16-31 and P263-280, can stimulate chondrocyte to express CD80 and 86, and secrete high levels of IL-6, IL-8 and TNFα. Moreover, chondrocytes were able to present the P263-280 and P16-31 peptides to autologous T cells isolated from infrapatellar fat pads and stimulated T cell proliferation. These results indicate proteoglycan aggrecan peptides in the presence of IFN-γ induces antigen presentation function of chondrocytes. The knowledge from this study might be used as a foundation for further therapeutic development.
Molecular detection of viable Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in clinical specimens
Authors:   , Petsong Suthidee
Published: April 2023

Tuberculosis (TB) is the global health concern because of the rising incidence and mortality. TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and transmitted via inhalation of infectious droplet nuclei circulating in the air. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the use of Acid-fast (AFB) smear microscopy, MTBC culture, and molecular detection of MTBC DNA for diagnosis of TB. The response to treatment should be acquired as soon as possible to reduce disease transmission and drug resistance. Although MTBC culture is a gold standard, it is laborious, expensive, and may take up to 8 weeks. The AFB staining and molecular detection of MTBC DNA are faster, but they cannot differentiate live and dead MTBC. Ribosomal RNA precursor (pre-rRNA) was previously used as a molecular biomarker to indicate viable bacteria. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate pre-rRNA MTBC detection by RT-PCR (pre-rRNA MTBC) as a new method to detect viable MTBC in clinical specimens. The total number of 564 clinical specimens were processed by the conventional WHO protocol of decontamination and concentration before RNA extraction. The results showed that pre-rRNA MTBC detection had a sensitivity of 33.33% for all specimens and 52.77% for positive AFB specimens. The specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) is 100%. When 45 specimens were prepared by the modified protocol to remove NaOH in the decontamination solution and washing before used, the sensitivity increased to 57.14% for all specimens and 76.92% for positive AFB specimens and the specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) is100%, which were comparable to those of the Fluorescein diacetate (FDA) vital staining. The modified method of sample preparation (protocol 2) can improve sensitivity of pre-rRNA MTBC for detection viable MTBC, especially in positive AFB specimens. In summary, pre-rRNA MTBC RT-PCR can be used for rapid detection of viable MTBC in clinical specimens.
Factors related to health-related quality of life in patients with acute coronary syndrome in west java, Indonesia
Authors:   , Imam Haerul
Published: April 2023

This descriptive study aimed to examine the relationship between age, self-efficacy, functional status, pain, dyspnea, social support, and health-related quality of life in patients with acute coronary syndrome in west java, Indonesia. The participants were 186 patients who has acute coronary syndrome or history of acute coronary syndrome visited cardiovascular outpatient clinic in the main national public hospital type A in west java province, Indonesia. The instruments used for data collection were Demographic Questionnaire, General Self-efficacy Scale, Seattle Angina Questionnaire, Rose Questionnaire for Angina, Rose Dyspnea Questionnaire, ENRICH Social Support, and MacNew Health Related Quality of life. These instruments were tested for their content validity by a panel of experts. Internal consistency reliability for each questionnaire tested by Cronbach’s alpha were 0.67 for ESSI and 0.91 for MacNew health-related quality of life. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistic and Spearman-rank correlation.
The study findings revealed that: 1. The mean score of health-related quality of life in patients with acute coronary syndrome was 4.98 (SD = 0.98). 2. Self-efficacy, functional status, pain, and social support were positively significant correlated to health-related quality of life in patients with acute coronary syndrome (r = 0.299, r=0.601, r=0.296, p<0.01) and (r=0.186, p<0.05) respectively. 3. Dyspnea was negatively significant correlated to health-related quality of life in patients with acute coronary syndrome (r = -0.438, p<0.01). 4. Age was not correlated to health-related quality of life in patients with acute coronary syndrome (r = 0.081, p = 0.270).
Effect of vitamin c solution on microtensile bond strength and fracture resistance of non-vital bleached tooth restored with resin composite
Authors:   , Sivavong Pimduean
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin C containing sodium ascorbate prepared solution on dentin bond strength of resin composite to non-vital bleached tooth and on fracture resistance of restored non-vital bleached tooth. Sixty (30 pairs, left and right) extracted sound human maxillary premolar teeth were collected from 30 patients. All teeth were endodontically treated and each pair was randomized assigned into microtensile bond strength and fracture resistance tests. The teeth were divided into 3 groups for each test which were 1) non-bleach tooth, 2) bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide and immediately restored with resin composite, and 3) bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide, followed by application of 10% vitamin C prepared solution and immediately restored with resin composite. Samples of microtensile bond strength test were cut to obtain stick-shaped specimens and tested with a universal testing machine. Samples of fracture resistance test were embedded in acrylic resin with simulated periodontal ligament before subjecting to an axial compression test in the universal testing machine. Results showed that the bleached tooth followed by 10% vitamin C solution application group had the highest microtensile bond strength (55.566 ± 3.514 MPa) while the bleached group had the significant lowest bond strength (36.571± 2.609 MPa). The non-bleached group showed the highest fracture strength (1053.44 ± 183.65 N) and the bleached group had significant less strength (616.98 ± 97.07 N). There was no significant difference between the non-bleached group and vitamin C solution application group in both microtensile bond strength and fracture strength tests (p>0.05). The most failure mode in the microtensile bond strength test for all groups was adhesive failure and was favorable failure in the fracture resistance test. The microtensile bond strength was positively correlated to the fracture resistance (r=0.639, p<0.001). In conclusion, the use of 10% vitamin C containing sodium ascorbate prepared solution could increase the microtensile bond strength and fracture strength of non–vital bleached tooth comparable to non-bleached tooth.
Histone deacetylase inhibitor induces the odontogenic differentiation in human dental pulp cells: comparison of trichostatin a (TSA) and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA)
Authors:   , Sulistyowati Indrani
Published: April 2023

Human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) have shown their plasticity to differentiate into odontoblast-like cell lineages under the treatment of two-members of hydroxamates HDAC inhibitors (HDACis), Trichostatin A (TSA) and Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA). However, a comparison of the potency for stimulating odontoblast-like differentiation and mineralization process among these two HDACis has not been reported. Therefore, we aimed to confirm and compare the stimulatory effect of TSA and SAHA in inducing odontoblast-like differentiation and promoting mineralized-nodule formation. The primary cultured hDPCs was used for MTT assay, ALP activity assay, and alizarin red staining in the presence and absence of TSA and SAHA, with various concentration. Odontoblast-related gene expression was observed by RT-qPCR. Scratch wound healing assay was performed to observe the TSA and SAHA effects on cell migration. Either TSA or SAHA treatment have no effect on hDPCs viability as observed by MTT assay. The presence of TSA and SAHA induced odontoblast-like differentiation, confirmed by; the significant increase of ALP activity and mineral deposition during TSA 400 nM or SAHA 1µM treatment, the significant acceleration pattern of NFI-C, KLF4, DMP1, DSPP, COL1, ALP, BSP, OC, VEGF, and p21 gene expressions analyzed by RT-qPCR, at 24h, 72h, 7d and 5d. Furthermore, Scratch wound healing assay displayed the enhanced cell migration at 72h after TSA or SAHA treatment. Our findings showed that TSA and SAHA might have similar stimulatory effect in inducing odontogenic differentiation and mineralization process of hDPCs and proposed another potential application of TSA and SAHA to promote dentin regeneration.
Treatment effects of amitriptyline on pain symptoms, quality of life and heart rate variability in burning mouth syndrome patients
Authors:   , Chaiworn Chanida
Published: April 2023

The objectives of this research project were 1) To evaluate the effectiveness of amitriptyline therapy on improving pain and the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in BMS patients when compared to palliative topical therapies (sodium bicarbonate mouthwash). 2) To determine the association between therapy of amitriptyline and heart rate variability (HRV) parameters. 3) To assess the association between pain outcomes and fluctuations in HRV parameters. This project was composed of a retrospective and a prospective study, and subjects were primary BMS patients recruited at the Oral Medicine Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University. In the retrospective study, 20 female participants were phone interviewed with 3 validated questionnaires and specific data was retrieved from the subject's clinical charts. Four females already taking amitriptyline or sodium bicarbonate mouthwash were then recruited into a pilot prospective study to evaluate changes on pain, OHRQoL and HRV between baseline, 3-month and 6-month follow-up visits. No significant differences on patient global impression of change (PGI-C) and OHRQoL between different age groups, working status, treatment options or psychological profile were found in the retrospective study (p<0.05). Regarding the prospective study, pain intensity in the sodium bicarbonate group was decreased from baseline to 3 months, while in amitriptyline group it increased and PGI-C was not changed. OHRQoL in sodium bicarbonate group and amitriptyline group were comparable at baseline and 6 months. HRV parameters in the amitriptyline group was higher than subjects in sodium bicarbonate group. These findings emphasize the value of PGI-C and OHRQoL assessments when it comes to adjust strategies during pain management in each individual with primary BMS. However, this is a pilot prospective study and must be interpreted with caution because of the limited sample size. Future investigations should be performed to confirm our findings with a randomized controlled clinical trial and also to determine the number of primary BMS patients that need to be treated (NNT) to have a clinical impact.
Strategies for reducing anxiety in language learning: Measuring the effective techniques for managing anxiety in the language learning process
Authors: Kawa Shokhan
Published: April 2023

Abstract—Education is often regarded as an effective means of guiding students in the process of altering their behavior to conform to the requirements of both themselves and the expectations of society. Both students' anxiety and their attitudes toward learning are seen as essential elements of the educational process; as a consequence, these factors play an important part in the development of second language skills. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the factors that contribute to the anxious feelings experienced by students attending private institutions in Erbil while they are studying a foreign language. A quantitative study approach was used to measure the students' anxiety, and the factors that were taken into consideration were fear of receiving an unfavorable evaluation, communication apprehension, and exam anxiety. The researcher was successful in collecting the necessary data after adapting and modifying a survey that had been established by previous academics. The researcher was successful in collecting 108 surveys that had all of the required fields filled out. The use of multiple regression analysis allowed for the evaluation of each of the research hypotheses. The findings of this research showed that a student's fear of experiencing negative anxiety was associated with a greater degree of anxiety when it came to the process of learning a new language, whereas a student's fear of performing poorly on a test was associated with a lower value among a number of other variables.
Konkari kaapissa – ideaaliopiskelija työkokemusta omaavien varhaiskasvatuksen opettajaopiskelijoiden diskursseissa
Authors: Mykkänen Arttu , Itäkare Susanna , Paasovaara-Pösö Salla , Rantavuori Laura
Published: April 2023

Opiskelijat, joilla on aikaisempaa varhaiskasvatuksen alan työkokemusta, ovat olleet viime vuosina kasvava joukko varhaiskasvatuksen yliopistokoulutuksessa. Aikaisempi tutkimus on antanut viitteitä, että kyseisen opiskelijaryhmän odotukset opiskelulta ja toiminta opettajankoulutuksen kannalta keskeisissä opetusharjoitteluissa voivat poiketa opiskelijoista, jotka edustavat traditionaalista yliopisto-opiskelijan normia. Tässä tutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin aikaisempaa varhaiskasvatuksen alan työkokemusta omaavien varhaiskasvatuksen opettajaopiskelijoiden tuottamia diskursiivisia subjektipositioita opetusharjoittelun kontekstissa. Haastatteluaineisto (n = 12, haastatteluiden kesto 10 h 13 min) analysoitiin kriittisen diskurssianalyysin keinoin. Tuloksissa tuotettiin kuusi subjektipositiota: oppimiseen orientoitunut opiskelija, työkokemusasiantuntija, mentorin kollega, konkari kaapissa, mentorin tai yliopiston kriitikko ja noviisiopettajaopiskelija. Lisäksi tutkimuksessa tuotettiin subjektipositioiden synteesinä ideaaliopiskelijan diskurssi. Ideaaliopiskelijan diskurssi on ristiriitaisten ominaisuuksiensa vuoksi saavuttamattomissa, ja se haastaa aikaisempaa traditionaalista yliopisto-opiskelijan ideaalia. Tulosten perusteella esitetään ehdotuksia varhaiskasvatuksen opetusharjoittelun kehittämiseen ja monenlaisista taustoista tulevien opiskelijoiden kohtaamiseen.
КОГНИТИВНАЯ МОДЕЛЬ «ТЕАТР ВОЕННЫХ ДЕЙСТВИЙ» ПЕРИОДА XIХ В. «THE THEATER OF WAR» COGNITIVE MODEL
Authors:   Международный гуманитарный университет им. П.П. Семёнова-Тян-Шанского, г. Санкт-Петербург, Россия, Пименова М.В. , Бодриков А.Б. ,   Международный гуманитарный университет им. П.П. Семёнова-Тян-Шанского, г. Санкт-Петербург, Россия
Published: April 2023

Цель статьи – описать тенденции развития когнитивной модели «театр военных действий» в русской лингвокультуре в период ее зарождения – XIХ в. Актуальность проведенного исследования заключается в описании стереотипов русской лингвокультуры, связанных с когнитивной моделью «театр военных действий», в аспекте осмысления эволюции когнитивной модели от XIX вв. Научная новизна исследования состоит в первом опыте обращения к теме когнитивной модели «театр военных действий» в русской лингвокультуре. Для описания изучаемой когнитивной модели в качестве источника языкового материала выступает Национальный корпус русского языка (www.ruscorpora.ru). Работа выполнена в рамках Санкт-Петербургско-Кемеровской школы концептуальных исследований. Основными в статье являются: описательный, концептуальный и интерпретативный методы исследования. Сценарий когнитивной модели «театр военных действий» состоит из следующих признаков: 1. Событие; 2. Время; 3. Пространство; 4. Субъект; 5. Объект; 6. Действие; 7. Цель; 8. Условие; 8. Взаимодействие руководства; 9. Штаб-квартира, военный лагерь; 11. Обмен информацией; 12. Идеологическая составляющая. Вклад авторов: М.В. Пименова – теоретическое осмысление и описание материала, оформление выводов; А.Б. Бодриков – сбор материала, оформление списка литературы. Ключевые слова: когнитивные признаки, когнитивная модель, милитарные концепты, символический концепт, концептология, языковая картина мира, лингвокультурология.
WORD-COMBINATIONS В ПОТОКЕ + GENITIVE AND БЫТЬ В ПОТОКЕ IN MODERN RUSSIAN SPEECH
Authors: Faleeva A.S.
Published: April 2023

The article deals with the problem of metaphorical verbalization of the inner state of a person using the example of a non-predicative combination в потоке + Genitive and a predicative combination быть в потоке. Attention to the semantics of the lexeme поток (flow) and to the connotative features of these combinations is due to the high frequency of metaphorical use of the word поток and combinations like “Я в потоке” in the texts of modern media and social networks. The purpose of the article is to identify semantic features and connotative signs of combinations в потоке + Genitive and быть в потоке in the modern Russian speech. The research relies on component and contextual analysis. The work explicates the connotative semes of the noun поток, which are presented in its dictionary definitions; connotative semes that are actualized when using combinations в потоке + Genitive and быть в потоке in specific types of contexts are identified and analyzed on the data from the National Corpus of the Russian language. It is shown that the phenomenon поток in the Russian language consciousness is evaluated mainly negatively, which is expressed by certain lexical-semantic and morphological-syntactic language means that are regularly encountered in contexts.
Placement Management System
Authors:   Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology / Anna University, Tamilnadu, India., V S Kathirvel , M Ramachandran. , K Saran , DR. R.P.S. Manikandan
Published: April 2023

The Placement Management System (PMS) is a piece of software created to automate and streamline the management of student placements at educational establishments. The system's main goals are to increase productivity and lessen the load of paperwork involved in overseeing student placements. For managing student data, employer data, and placement possibilities, PMS offers an intuitive user interface. The system automates processes like interview scheduling, job offer management, and monitoring student progress. Administrators and stakeholders can access reporting features in PMS to learn more about placement patterns and performance. Institutions may modify the software to their individual needs thanks to the system's scalability and customization features. In general, PMS provides an extensive method for controlling.
Online Dental Appointment Booking System
Authors:   Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering And Technology / Anna University, Tamilnadu, India., K Sugashini , M Jayendra , K R Siddharth , A Kirubha Shankar , M Abishek
Published: April 2023

In today’s fast-paced world, patients are seeking more efficient and convenient ways to schedule appointments with healthcare providers. With the increasing demand for convenient and efficient healthcare services, online appointment booking systems have become essential for dental practices. In response to this need, we have designed and implemented an online dental appointment website using ASP .Net and SQL Server. This paper discusses the features of online appointment booking systems, how they can enhance the overall experience for patients and dental clinics, and the website's design and implementation, including the database schema, user interface, and server-side scripting. The website allows patients to schedule appointments, view their appointment history, view and download their medical reports and update their personal information. Dentists can view their upcoming appointments, update their schedules, generate the patient’s medical reports and manage their patient database. Key Word: Online Dental Booking, Managing schedules, Download the reports, Sql Server.
Excess mortality and Covid-19 deaths: Preliminary data from Serbia and comparison with European experience
Authors: Arsenović Daniela
Published: April 2023

Mortality statistics is underlay for public health measures and action and consequently it is one of the major indicator in measures of Covid-19 impact on population. This study aim to explore excess mortality during the Covid-19 pandemic in Serbia. Excess mortality compares expected and observed number of deaths during the given period. Analysis in this paper was based on excess deaths and excess mortality rate. Data was downloaded from the national COVID-19 database and obtained from a relevant source from the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. In order to provide better understanding of excess death, the excess mortality rate was calculated for the period January 2015-June 2022. For the period January 2015-February 2020, 38 months were observed without excess deaths, while in months with excess deaths, almost in all months excess mortality rate was below 12%. Since March 2020, the excess mortality rate has increased significantly, with highest values in December 2020 (91.4%), October (84.3) and November (67.8) 2021.
Confessional pluralism in Central and Eastern Europe: A GIS approach
Authors: Csikós Nándor , Máté-Tóth András
Published: April 2023

In this recent study, we analyse the religious diversity of Central and Eastern Europe, from the Balkans up to the Baltic region. This region has many religious confessions, without claiming completeness, Roman Catholic, Reformed, Lutheran, Orthodox, Islam, Hussite and many people without any religion. The recent spatial distribution of the religious confessions has been shaped by different drivers across Central and Eastern Europe. We chose a quantitative method to visually interpret the pluralism of the religious confessions and we selected diversity indices. We calculated the diversity of the religious confessions and ethnicities in a very detailed resolution, at municipality level of each country, based on population census data of 2011. We found statistically significant relationship between the diversity of religious confessions and the diversity of ethnicities. We have also shown that near the national borders, the religious pluralism is higher than in another areas. There is statistically significant connection between the former national borders (1900s and 1930s) and the religiously plural areas. The results of this study provide the evidence of the spatial distribution of borderline syndrome and serves as a good basis for further research (theoretical and statistical) of the religion pluralism in Central-Eastern Europe.
Pre-demolition concrete waste stream identification: Classification framework
Authors: Nedeljković Marija , Tošić Nikola , Schlangen Erik , Fennis Sonja
Published: April 2023

Demand for high quality recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) to offset the use of primary materials is significantly rising due to circular economy goals and high-value reuse of concrete. The quality of RCA significantly affects their availability for new concrete production due to the variability of parent concrete streams. The optimization of recycling procedures is under development to improve the quality of RCA, however, the costs and energy efficiency of such processes are of practical concern. With this in mind, this paper presents a new framework for reducing the variability of RCA quality by identifying concrete members before their demolition. The goal of identifying demolished concrete members from a structure is to provide groups of concrete members with similar mechanical and chemical properties through a systematic classification of the structural members. The quality assessment of concrete structures and their mechanical and chemical (composition, contamination) properties prior to demolition is generally recognized as challenging due to the absence of guidelines and the lack of easy-to-use in situ characterization techniques. This paper proposes experimental approaches that can non-destructively determine the properties of concrete structures, with a major emphasis on the measurement of the chemical composition of concrete before demolition. Characteristic quality indicators to classify concrete members are first proposed and can be instrumental in setting up future studies. A new method is proposed for in situ chemical composition testing of existing concrete structures; assuming that no records about the parent concrete are available. Next, the challenging parameters for in situ, non-destructive measurements are outlined. The practical application of the proposed method and its uptake in industry can potentially unlock a huge potential for optimized material recovery and contribute greatly to a fully circular construction industry.
Numerical thermal performance analysis of light steel insulated walls under fire
Authors: Hassoune Mohammed , Kada Abdelhak , Menadi Belkacem , Lamri Belkacem
Published: April 2023

Light-gauge steel-framed (LSF) walls are being adopted by the Algerian construction industry as a new alternative to the traditional infilled frames due to the advantages they provide. The strength-to-weight ratio of Cold Formed Section (CFS) leads to lighter structures and a decrease in the building cost. However, in the case of fire, the high shape factor combined with the loss of material properties of the unprotected, slender CFS can result in structural failure. Because of their conductivity, elevated temperatures have an effect on the thermal performance of panels, necessitating the use of appropriate insulation. The purpose of this paper is to perform a numerical analysis of the thermal behavior of LSF walls protected by plasterboard or magnesium oxide board, as well as cavity insulations. Numerical models are developed, using ANSYS software to simulate the thermal performance of LSF walls under ISO 834 fire. Thermal simulations are done to predict temperature profiles, maximum temperatures, and the estimated fire resistance level (FRL). This research has produced results to better evaluate the influence of different systems of protection and insulation used for the CFS under fire.
Rapid dentification of etiological agents of respiratory tract infections during the COVID-19 pandemic using the multiplex-PCR method
Authors: Zornić Sanja , Petrović Ivana , Luković Bojana , Živadinović Jelena , Arsić Jelena , Bezarević Lazar , Đorđević Zorana
Published: April 2023

Objective. Most respiratory infections have similar symptoms, so it is clinically difficult to determine their etiology. This study aimed to show the importance of molecular diagnostics in identifying the etiological agent of respiratory infections, especially during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods. A total of 849 samples from patients hospitalized at the University Clinical Center Kragujevac (from January 1 to August 1, 2022) were examined using automated multiplex-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. The BioFire-FilmArray-Respiratory Panel 2.1 test was used for 742 nasopharyngeal swabs [identification of 19 viruses (including SARS-CoV-2) and four bacteria], while the BioFire-FilmArray-Pneumonia Panel was used [identification of 18 bacteria and nine viruses] (BioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) for 107 tracheal aspirates. The tests were performed according to the manufacturer's instructions, and the results were available within an hour. Results. In 582 (78.4%) samples, the BioFire-FilmArray-Respiratory Panel 2.1 plus test identified at least one pathogen. The rhinovirus (20.6%), SARS-CoV-2 (17.7%), influenza A (17.5%), respiratory syncytial virus (12.4%), and parainfluenza 3 (10.1%) were the most common. Other viruses were found less frequently, and Bordetella parapertussis was detected in one sample. In 85 (79.4%) samples, the BioFire-FilmArray-Pneumonia Panel test identified at least one bacterium or virus. The most prevalent bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (42.4%), Haemophilus influenzae (41.2%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (36.5%), Moraxella catarrhalis (22.3%), and Legionella pneumophila (2.4%). Among viruses, rhinovirus (36.5%), adenovirus (23.5%), influenza A (11.8%), and the genus Coronavirus (4.7%), were detected. Conclusion. Multiplex-PCR tests improved the implementation of therapeutic and epidemiological measures, preventing the spread of the COVID-19 infection and Legionnaires' disease.
Knowledge and attitudes of adolescents about human papillomavirus and the HPV vaccine
Authors: Ristić Dajana , Krstović-Spremo Vesna
Published: April 2023

Objective. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major health problem. It is the cause of cervical cancer and the most common sexually transmitted disease. There are several types of HPV (high risk - 16, 18). Primary prevention of infection, education of young people and vaccination are very important in the prevention of cervical cancer. Determining the level of knowledge and attitudes towards HPV and HPV vaccine, and the importance of education adapted to the age of the respondents. Methods. The research was conducted in the population of high school students, aged 15 to 19. The sample consisted of 260 respondents. Adult respondents voluntarily gave their written consent to participate in the research, and minors participated with the consent of their parents. SPSS was used for statistical data processing, and descriptive statistics and the ch2 test were used for statistical analysis. Results. Out of the total number of respondents, only 3% of students gave completely correct answers to the questions directed towards HPV and the HPV vaccine. Almost half of the respondents (49%) do not want to be vaccinated, and 80% do not know if there is a vaccine in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Conclusion: The knowledge shown by the students is unsatisfactory.
Neurocognitive and behavioral basis of performing simple and complex movements, imitations and practices in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Zrnić Lana
Published: April 2023

Imitation of simple movements is the basis for all kinds of learning. It is a necessary prerequisite for symbolic functioning and functioning in the social environment. The motor execution of imitation movements is at an unsatisfactory level, in children with an autistic spectrum disorder, especially in the domain of movement. By reviewing the relevant literature from both aspects: neurocognitive and behavioral, we get the data on the motor functioning of children with autism spectrum disorders. Based on the results of the research, children with autism spectrum disorders show reduced activity in certain regions, especially in the areas of the frontal and parietal lobes. When conducting motor tests of imitation and practice, children with autism spectrum disorders show more errors in performing repetitive movements. By looking at the overall functioning of people with autism, especially their neurocognitive functions and their behavior, we can discover new ways for interventions and for therapeutic work with these people.
Outcome of vacuum assisted dressing in open comminuted tibial fracture with primary fixation
Authors: Kumar Akash , Hosangadi Adiveppa , Ramesh Manikya
Published: April 2023

Background/Aim: Wound management of the compound open tibia (Gustilo-Anderson grade 2, 3a, 3b) is complicated by a higher infection and the problem of adequate soft tissue coverage is significant. Primary wound closure is not easily advisable in these types of compound open tibial fractures. Early tissue flap or graft procedure might increase the complication rate due to temporary graft rejection and wound infections. The aim of this study was to analyse the duration required for formation of healthy granulation tissue, duration required for making wound fit for skin cover procedure and duration of hospital stay in compound open tibia fracture treated with vacuum assisted closure (VAC). Methods: A prospective interventional study of 22 patients aged 18 to 60 years was done. After assessing the size of the wound, primary bone fixation and wound debridement were carried out as soon as possible and then VAC was applied. Assessment of VAC therapy was based on mean decreases in wound size and "modified Johner and Wruh's criteria", used for assessment of the functional outcome of tibial shaft fracture was recorded during each follow-up. Results: Twenty two patients suffered comminuted open fractures of tibia-fibula. Primary fixation of bone were done with vacuum dressing. During follow-up, the good decrease in wound size considering vacuum dressing remedy was once 18.75 ± 18.36 cm2 (p = 0.001). Six patients achieved excellent results according to "modified Johner and Wruh's criteria" of tibial shaft fracture. Conclusion: This technique effectively reduced wound size, accelerated the formation of healthy granulation tissue of wound with open fracture bone and provided a better functional outcome. The VAC treatment had suggestively increased wound closure rate, decreased morbidity and costs for patients.
Atraumatic isolated bilateral fibular shaft fragility fracture: A rare case
Authors: Kalluraya Suryakanth , Hosangadi Adiveppa , Munavalli Prabhu , Kumar Akash
Published: April 2023

Fragility fractures, a form of stress fracture brought on by physiological stress on weak bones are not common. It might be challenging to diagnose a fragility fracture, since a standard X-ray shows signs of fracture repair rather than the actual fracture. Here is presented a case of a young woman who has been complaining of pain in both legs for 4 months and has been unable to stand for 1 week. A further analysis revealed that patient's vitamin D levels were insufficient.
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with healthcare: Associated Clostridioides difficile infection before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Knežević Darija , Jović Duška , Petković Miroslav
Published: April 2023

Background/Aim: Diarrhoea that occurs as a result of the presence of Clostridium difficile (reclassified as Clostridioides difficile) is usually manifested as a hospital infection, usually after antibiotic treatment. The study aim was to assess the incidence, characteristics and outcomes of hospitalised patients with healthcare - associated Clostridioides difficile infection (HA - CDI) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients older than 18, who met the HA - CDI case definition. The CDI diagnosis was made by demonstrating toxins A and B in stool samples using an immunochromatographic assay test and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: The incidence of HA - CDI has significantly decreased from the preCOVID-19 period to the COVID-19 period (11.04 per 10,000 vs 6.49 per 10,000, p < 0.001). Before establishing the HA - CDI diagnosis, 41.4 % of patients used one antibiotic, 25.9 % used two and 11.2 % were treated with three or more antibiotics. Almost one half of the applied antibiotics were from the group that represents high risk for the development of HA - CDI. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that older age (OR = 3.4; 95 % CI = 0.9-12.4; p = 0.038) and complicated disease course (OR = 11.8; 95 % CI = 2.6-53.6; p ≤ 0.001) were associated with a higher risk of death. Conclusion: The incidence of HA - CDI has decreased during the observed period of the COVID-19 pandemic, however, no clear connection between the impact of the pandemic and incidence reduction was found. Due to unfavourable outcome of the treatment of HA - CDI patients during COVID-19 pandemic, the rational use of antibiotics is necessary.
The gastroprotective role of yellow kepok Banana (Musa x Paradisiaca L. Var. Kepok) peel extract and influence on markers of oxidative stress: Malondialdehyde and nitric oxide
Authors: Samiasih Amin , Khoiriyah Khoiriyah , Norma Ethica , Rahmawati Sulistyaningtyas , Pranata Satriya , Rino Vanchapo
Published: April 2023

Background/Aim: Flavonoids, tannins, saponins and polyphenols in yellow kepok banana (Musa x paradisiaca L. var. kepok) peel potentially could be a solution for peptic ulcer prevention. This study aimed to prove the efficacy of kepok banana peel extract as gastroprotective by analysing the number of gastric ulcers and markers of oxidative stress - malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO). Methods: The study was performed on 33 female Wistar rats aged 3-4 months, weighed 100-250 g. Rats were divided into 3 groups: Musa Paradisiaca Var Kepok 1 (MPVK1) treatment group, Musa Paradisiaca Var Kepok 2 (MPVK2) and control group (K). In MPVK1 kepok banana peel extract at a dose of 80 mg / 200 g body weight (BW) was given and the MPVK2 group dose was 160 mg / 200 g BW. The gastritis induction was performed by using 5 % acetylsalicylic acid at a dose of 1500 mg/kg BW. MDA examination by HPLC method, NO examination by ELISA method and macroscopic examination by counting the number of ulcers on the gastric mucosa was performed. Results: The results showed that the lowest average MDA level, as well as the highest average NO level was in the MPVK2 group 3.27 and 286.17, respectively. The highest mean number of ulcers was in the control group 3.55. By analysing all the results it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in the average levels of MDA (p = 0.013), NO (p < 0.001) and the number of ulcers (p < 0.001) in the three groups. Conclusion: Banana peel extract was proven to be effective as a gastroprotective through markers of MDA, NO and the number of ulcers in Wistar rats.
Knowledge, attitudes and nursing self-evaluation related to clinical research
Authors: Stoisavljević-Šatara Svjetlana , Stojaković Nataša , Golić-Jelić Ana , Maksimović Žana , Gajić-Bojić Milica , Petrović-Tepić Snežana
Published: April 2023

Background/Aim: Clinical research nursing is a well-known concept in Europe and other countries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the nurses' knowledge and attitudes towards clinical research and their opinions and self-evaluation about clinical research nursing and factors affecting them. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at the University Clinical Centre of the Republic of Srpska (UCCRS). A questionnaire included 50 questions/ statements was created in order to address the aims of the research and afterwards distributed to 120 nurses from 6 departments. Results: Response rate was 91.6 %. Most of the respondents showed a low level of knowledge, but positive attitude related to clinical research. Nurses who participated in clinical research were confident in their competencies according to their self-evaluation. Conclusion: Systematic approach to the additional nurses education could have a significant impact on a success of clinical research.
Uterus-sparing surgical treatment of suture necrosis after caesarean section: Case series report
Authors: Cerović-Popović Radojka , Jovana Ćupić , Mihaljević Olga , Pantović Kosta , Radojević Miloš
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Delivery by caesarean section (CS) accounts for approximately 32% of all deliveries worldwide, and it may be associated with early and late complications. Although postpartum uterine suture necrosis is not a common condition, it is associated with high morbidity and mortality in puerperal women, as well as permanent loss of fertility in these patients. In this article, we present seven patients successfully treated conservatively, who were diagnosed with uterine suture necrosis, during puerperium, after caesarean section. Case series report: We present 12 female patients in whom, in the period between February 1, 2019 and November 10, 2022, infection occurred after caesarean section was performed at the Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics of the University Clinical Center of Serbia (CGO, UCCS), and clinical suspicion of the presence of uterine suture necrosis arose. Of the total number of patients diagnosed with uterine suture necrosis, seven patients were successfully treated conservatively. Conclusion: The uterus-sparing surgical treatment approach to uterine suture necrosis is a possible alternative to standard treatment, which may allow fertility preservation in patients who have not completed reproduction.
Health personnel and the reform of primary health care in Montenegro
Authors: Šćepanović Lidija
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Universal health coverage reform activities in primary health care in Montenegro were conducted in the period between 2004 and 2012, with the aim of increasing the efficiency of the health care system by ensuring rational use and availability of resources. Aim: The purpose of this study is to describe the health personnel during and after the reform activities in Montenegro. Materials and methods: We adapted the four-dimensional World Health Organization framework to examine availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality of the health personnel in public primary health care facilities, in Montenegro, during and after the reform. Availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality of health personnel were examined using a defined set of proxies. In addition, the latest available data on density rates of health personnel were presented, in order to examine the sustainability of the implemented reforms. The data used included primary health care information system data, data published by the Institute of Public Health of Montenegro, as well as data from a number of official and expert reports by relevant experts and institutions. Results: The total number of physicians employed in primary health care was reduced during the reform by 5%, while the number of nurses was decreased by 35%. At the same time, the number of GPs (chosen doctors for adults) increased, which improved their availability (54.4 in 2015 vs. 36.3 in 2004, per 100,000). Accessibility showed great variations among municipalities. The utilization of health care services, at the national level, increased by 25% in adult health care services. The reduction of the number of nurses was tailored to meet set norms in health care services for adults, women, and children. Reform activities improved the professional competencies of primary health care teams. Conclusion: Primary health care reform improved the availability and accessibility of health personnel and implemented activities that improved their acceptability and quality. It is recommended to establish a permanent body which would continuously monitor the functioning of the primary health care (PHC) system, as well as the changes that occur in PHC, thus ensuring that reform results are maintained and further improved.
Anaplastic Classic Kaposi Sarcoma: PD-L1 Expression and Response to Immunotherapy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Lolli Ivan , Valentini Anna Maria , Ricci Angela Dalia , Armentano Raffaele
Published: April 2023

Anaplastic classic Kaposi sarcoma (CKS) is an extremely rare pathologic variant of CKS characterized by high aggressiveness and poor prognosis. We report the clinical course of this malignant histologic form in an otherwise healthy 67-year-old male from Apulia in Southern Italy. The anaplastic progression arose during a long history of CKS and developed after multiple local and systemic treatments. The extremely aggressive and chemorefractory nature of the disease dictated amputation of a lower limb and, later, surgery for metastatic pulmonary involvement. At subsequent relapse, therapy with the anti–PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab was started. The immunotherapy was selected based on the PD-L1 expression in the tumor and tumor microenvironment. Remarkably, PD-1 blockade induced a complete and durable response in the patient, with a disease-free survival that has exceeded 18 months, and follow-up is still ongoing.
Formation of Living Space in Adolescence
Authors: Shilova Natalia Petrovna
Published: April 2023

The article presents the results of a study of the formation of the living space of boys and girls, conducted on a sample of 1,394 boys and girls aged 14 to 23 years. Based on the analysis of existing theoretical and empirical data on adolescence, it was found that adolescence is a period when the time perspective increases, the life path is determined and, in general, the living space is formed. The aim of the study was to identify and analyze age norms and dynamics of the formation of living space in adolescence, through the differences of the most important events in the lives of boys and girls. As a result of the study, it was shown that there is an age-related multidirectional dynamics in the formation of the structure of a person's living space in adolescence. Early youth is a time of formation of the future, but the future is mainly associated with recreation and entertainment, and late youth is a time of analysis of past events, where the most important for a young man or girl are studies and professional activity tests, and the future is significantly shortened and associated with communication and interpersonal relationships. It is established that recreation and entertainment with increasing age in youth become less significant.
Composite Ecological Wastewater Treatment Technology and Data Feedback System Based on Cloud Computer Background
Authors: Zhang Xiao
Published: April 2023

This article briefly introduces the development and application of urban sewage treatment based on data feedback system, and introduces the background of cloud computing and the development history of composite ecological treatment technology for sewage treatment. By constructing a bacteria-algae-floating bed composite system, based on the study of its effect on water purification, its mechanism characteristics were discussed. Construct a bacteria-algae-floating-bed composite system to purify sewage with different concentrations, and explore the distribution characteristics of nitrogen cycle bacteria and the evolution process of phytoplankton community.
Phonetic Feature Extraction and Recognition Model in Korean Pronunciation Practice Based on AdaBoost
Authors: Wang Chunying
Published: April 2023

This paper proposes a phonetic feature extraction and recognition model in Korean pronunciation exercises based on AdaBoot moments. Feature extraction algorithms have a great influence on speech emotion recognition algorithms, among which Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) is the most commonly used feature in speech emotion recognition. The feature extraction method and the influence of SVM kernel function and parameter selection on the recognition result are studied, and the existing speech feature extraction algorithms and their respective advantages and disadvantages are analyzed, as well as the influence of different kernel functions, kernel parameters and penalty parameters on the recognition performance. An improved grid optimization method is used to further improve the recognition time of voice information.