bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Semaglutide: The First Anti-Obesity Agent Shown to Decrease Cardiovascular Events
Authors:   Endocrinology Division, David-Geffen UCLA Medical School, USA, Mikhail Nasser , Wali Soma ,   Department of Medicine, David-Geffen UCLA Medical School, USA
Published: April 2024

The anti-obesity agent, semaglutide (2.4 mg/week) was evaluated in a large (n=17,604) multinational randomized trial called SELECT to examine its effects on cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in overweight/obese patients with preexisting CV disease and no diabetes. The primary outcome of SELECT trial was a composite of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), and nonfatal stroke. Over a mean duration of follow-up of 39.8 months, a primary CV outcome occurred in 6.5% in the semaglutide group and 8.0% in the placebo group; hazard ratio (HR) 0.80 (95% CI, 0.72 to 0.90; P<0.001). Mean change in body weight over 104 weeks was -9.4% and -0.9% with semaglutide and placebo, respectively; estimated treatment difference (ETT) -8.5% (95% CI, -8.5 to -8.3). There was significant amelioration in blood pressure and plasma levels of lipids, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and C- reactive protein (CRP). The incidences of diabetes and prediabetes were reduced by 73% and 67%, respectively with semaglutide. 16.6% of patients discontinued semaglutide due to adverse effects, mainly gastrointestinal (GI) compared with 8.2% who discontinued placebo (P<0.001). In conclusion, semaglutide is the first anti-obesity agent shown to decrease CV events in overweight/obese subjects with CV disease without diabetes. Further studies are needed to examine the impact of semaglutide on CV events in obese subjects without underlying CV disease.
The Influence of Good Corporate Governance and Disclosure Corporate Social Responsibility towards Mining Sector Company Value
Authors: Haisyah Nurul , Hendarmin Rum , Pebriani Reny Aziatul
Published: April 2024

This study aims to determine and explain the effect of GCG and CSR on firm value. The population of this study was all mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2019 period as many as 47 companies. The sample in this study was 16 companies. The sampling technique was purposive sampling. The data analysis technique in this research was Partial Least Square (PLS). The results show that (1) Good Corporate Governance (GCG) has an insignificant and negative effect on firm value, (2) Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has a significant effect but negative coefficient on firm value, (3) Good Corporate Governance ( GCG) and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) simultaneously have a significant and positive effect on firm value.
Editorial
Authors: Piedimonte Fabián César
Published: April 2024

Estimados amigos de NeuroTarget:

Sin duda alguna la disciplina que nos reúne ha presentado un vertiginoso crecimiento en la última década, y lejos de llegar a una meseta sigue evolucionando con indicaciones emergentes relacionadas a patologías sin tratamiento unos pocos años atrás, en el desarrollo e implementación de nuevas tecnologías que apuntan a una mayor precisión, menor morbilidad y por ende mejor resultado de nuestros procedimientos.Pero por sobre todas las cosas es imprescindible recalcar la adhesión a esta disciplina por parte de numerosos jóvenes neurocirujanos -cada vez más- a lo largo y a lo ancho de Latinoamérica.Esto nos renueva el entusiasmo y nos estimula a redoblar el compromiso para difundir a través de NeuroTarget la actividad científica original, producida en nuestra región con el fin de mantener una comunicación permanente, fortaleciendo los lazos de cooperación
Comparison of Sitz bath alone versus Sitz bath with Antibiotic therapy in the management of uncomplicated Perianal Abscess
Authors: Hafeezullah  , S H Waqar  , Sajid Ali Shah  , Isbah Rashid  , Fatima Shahzad
Published: April 2024

Objective: To compare the outcome of sitz baths alone vs. sitz bath with antibiotic treatment in uncomplicated cases of perianal abscess.
Methodology: A prospective comparative clinical trial was carried out in Department of General Surgery Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) Islamabad from January 2018 to December 2019. All uncomplicated cases of perianal abscess who underwent incision & drainage were included in the study. Patients were divided randomly in two groups: group A was advised to use sitz bath alone thrice daily, while group B was advised to use sitz bath along with antibiotics.  Pain score was measured by Visual Analogue Score (VAS) and wound healing was assessed fortnightly. Data was recorded and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Standard deviation was calculated for quantitative variables like age and size of wound. Chi-square test was applied to compare pain and healing between two groups. P value ?0.05 was taken as significant.
Results: A total of 147 patients were included, 72 patients in group A and 75 in group B. The mean age of the patients was 40.25±15.35 and mean wound size was 6.55 ± 2.45. The difference in pain score by VAS is not statistically significant (p=0.329) at follow up, while wound healing at fortnightly visit in group A (56, 77.77%) was more than in group B (47, 62.66%) with statistically significant difference (0.003).
Conclusion: The use of the Sitz bath alone showed significant results as compared to sitz bath with antibiotics in wound healing among patients with perianal abscess.
Emergence of Multidrug Resistant Microbial Species in the Bacterial Profile of Burn Wounds: A Cohort Study from Pak Italian Modern Burn Center, Multan
Authors: Muhammad Naveed Shahzad  , Irum Ayesha  , Muhammad Hussain
Published: April 2024

Objective: To document the prevalence of microflora causing burn wound infections in our setup, track any trends of change in the flora after a 7-day treatment period, and document any rise in the incidence of multidrug-resistant microbes.
Methods: This cohort study was conducted at the Pak Italian Modern Burn Centre (PIBC), Multan, over a one-year period from January 2022 to December 2022. Surface wound swabs were collected from 150 patients admitted to the Burn unit on day 3, day 10, and day 17 after sustaining burns. Standard procedures for isolation and identification of microorganisms were followed, and the growth of microflora obtained was subjected to antibiotic sensitivity testing following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines.
Results: Gram-negative isolates included Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Citrobacter spp., Proteus vulgaris, and Providencia mirabilis. Gram-positive isolates included Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Pseudomonas aeruginosa caused 39.3% of wound infections within 72 hours of admission and 56.9% of wound infections by the first week post-burn. Proteus vulgaris (36%) was the most frequently isolated microorganism in the second week post-burn. All these isolates exhibited an alarming level of resistance to routinely used antibiotics, necessitating the use of older, less safe antibiotics like colistin for gram-negative infections.
Conclusions: The rising incidence of antimicrobial resistance can be attributed to the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial species found in burn patients. Overcrowding in burn treatment facilities further exacerbates the risk of cross-contamination.
Effect of probiotic biopreparation on fatness, organoleptic, and chemical parameters of broiler chicken meat
Authors: Bogatko Alona , Bogatko Nadiia , Bukalova Nataliia , Lyasota Vasyl , Tkachuk Svitlana
Published: April 2024

The relevance of this study was to use the probiotic biopreparation Subtiform in the production of broiler chickens to increase productivity and improve the organoleptic and chemical characteristics of poultry slaughter products. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a probiotic biopreparation on the fatness of broiler chickens, the chemical composition of meat and chemical parameters using the developed patented express and optimised methods. The following methods were used: physical, organoleptic, chemical. It was found that the use of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis (2.5×109 CFU/g) with whey powder filler increased productivity, specifically, the live weight of broiler chickens increased by 4.02% (P<0.001) when fed at a dose of 2.0 g/10 dm3 of water and by 4.75% (P<0.001) in experiment 3 compared to the control group. An increase in indicators in the experimental group 3 was found, namely, the average daily weight gain of carcasses – by 8.33% (P<0.001); total weight of the bird carcass and neck giblets – by 26.48% (P<0.001); weight of internal fat – by 1.89 times (P<0.001) compared to the control. Statistical significance (P<0.001) was also found in the increase in the weight of internal organs (stomach, liver, heart, adrenal gland) in experimental groups 2 and 3 compared to the control. The improvement in organoleptic and tasting characteristics of poultry meat and meat broth after feeding the probiotic preparation, specifically in experimental group 3, was summarised. The obtained quantitative and qualitative chemical parameters using express and optimised methods indicated the freshness of broiler chickens meat at (0-4)°C cooling, at which it is allowed to sell poultry carcasses up to 5 days, of control and experimental groups 1, 2, 3. The practical value of this study lies in the use of a probiotic biopreparation by veterinary specialists at broiler chick production facilities to increase the productivity of broiler chickens and improve the quality and safety of their slaughter products
Effect of an ultra-high frequency electromagnetic field on the physical properties of spelt grain
Authors: Osokina Nina , Kostetska Kateryna , Herasymchuk Olena , Podopriatov Hryhorii , Piddubnyi Volodymyr
Published: April 2024

Since spelt grain is one of the most promising non-conventional types of plant material for healthy food products, it is important to investigate environmentally friendly technologies for post-harvest processing of this crop. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical changes in spelt wheat grain under the influence of microwave electromagnetic radiation. The study presented the results of research on how the electromagnetic field of ultra-high frequencies and the duration of processing affect the quality characteristics of spelt grain of the Holikovska wheat variety harvested in Cherkasy region in 2020 and 2021. During the experimental study, physical methods of grain quality research were used following the developed and existing methods and industry standards. The complex structural changes in spelt grains during their treatment with an ultra-high frequency electromagnetic field with an increase in grain size, shape, and volume were investigated. Analysis found that the grain fractional composition changed towards reducing the passage depending on the processing time by 1.5-4.0 times. It was found that the treatment of spelt grain with high-frequency waves for 20-180 s reduces grain moisture content by 2-36% compared to the control, with a significant decrease after the first minute of exposure. Moreover, during the first minute of intensive grain heating, the grain temperature increased, while during the next two minutes, the intensity of grain heating decreased by 1.5-3 times. It was also proved that irradiation with ultra-high frequencies decreased the number of vitreous grains, while the number of floury grains, on the contrary, increased. The analysis also found that the vitreousity of treated spelt wheat grain by electromagnetic waves of ultra-high frequency decreases by 1.3-1.5 times during the last 2-3 minutes of treatment. The developed recommendations for the use of ultra-high frequency electromagnetic waves in the technological processes of storage and processing of spelt grain can be used by enterprises to intensify the production of environmentally friendly products
Technical efficiency in several levels of adoption of garlic farming standard operating procedures in production centre in Indonesia
Authors: Kurniasih Dian , Syaukat Yusman , Nurmalina Rita , Suharno
Published: April 2024

The relevance of this study lies in overcome obstacles to garlic development in Indonesia, such as low productivity and limited use of technology, which can hinder self-sufficiency and import-reducing programs. The purpose of this study was to identify the technical efficiency, the determinants of technical inefficiency, and the level of technical efficiency at various levels of adoption of the standard operating procedures of garlic farming in production centres in Indonesia. The cross-sectional data was gathered through interviews with 227 farmers chosen using a simple random selection technique. The Cobb-Douglass production function and the stochastic frontier analysis were used to determine the factors influencing garlic production, the technical efficiency level, and the determinants of technical inefficiency. The Maximum Likelihood Estimation was used to analyse the data. The level of technical efficiency at various levels of standard operating procedures adoption was measured using descriptive statistical analysis. Farm size, seeds, urea and NPK fertiliser, herbicides, yellow sticky traps, family labour, mulch, and farmers’ participation in garlic development programs significantly affected garlic production. The technical efficiency varied within 0.37-0.99, with a mean of 0.71. Farmers’ practices and standard operating procedure adoption significantly reduced technical inefficiency. Generally, the level of standard operating procedure adoption is moderate. In the high standard operating procedure adoption group, the mean technical efficiency is 0.77, while in the moderate level group, it is 0.68. The findings of this study can be used as a model for other garlic-importing countries to enhance production and strengthen food security
La resiliencia e inteligencia emocional en estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa Manabí del Ecuador
Authors:   Unidad Educativa Pichincha, BARAHONA Cesar F.
Published: April 2024

El objetivo fue analizar la resiliencia e inteligencia emocional de una muestra de 90 estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa Manabí en Ecuador, verificando la relación de estas variables entre sí. Basados en estudio exploratorio, los participantes respondieron a dos instrumentos: cuestionario de competencia emocional y la escala de evaluación de resiliencia global. Se concluyó que existe relación positiva directa y significativa del valor total de resiliencia y las subescalas de inteligencia emocional, es decir, cuando una variable aumenta la otra también aumenta.
Potenciando la evaluación del aprendizaje en línea del inglés en el contexto de una metodología activa en educación superior
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, REYES-CRUZ Connie , RAMAS-ARAUZ Francisco ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, NAVARRETE-HERNÁNDEZ Emma ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Published: April 2024

Este estudio busca potenciar, a través de las voces docentes, las perspectivas en constante evolución de las nuevas prácticas de evaluación del aprendizaje en línea del inglés, a partir del contexto una metodología activa y sobre la base del modelo de Evaluación Alternativa de Reeves. El estudio involucra a estudiantes de diversas licenciaturas de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). Los resultados son alentadores, aunque se requiere desarrollar mayores estrategias de autoevaluación y coevaluación para promover una evaluación más completa, efectiva y autónoma.
Revisión histórica del sector laboral informal en Guatemala y la carencia del pensamiento estratégico de este grupo
Authors:   Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana de México, DE LEON Carlos H. , ABREGO Adrian
Published: April 2024

El artículo desarrolla el problema histórico del bajo nivel educativo de los trabajadores del sector informal, y cómo este se convierte en una barrera que imposibilita el desarrollo personal, así como la capacidad de sostenibilidad y crecimiento en el futuro de la labor desarrollada, careciendo de pensamiento estratégico; el objetivo principal de esta investigación es identificar limitaciones que históricamente, les ha impedido a estos pensar en el largo plazo y visualizar la actividad ejecutada como una fuente digna de subsistencia.
Estudio bibliométrico sobre competencias digitales docentes
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, PEREZ-GARCIA Jesus A. , MARTINEZ-GARCIA Maria D. ,   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, GARCIA-HERNANDEZ Yessica ,   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo
Published: April 2024

El objetivo es analizar los estudios en español sobre competencias digitales docentes (CDD) publicados de 2020 a 2023 en Web of Science (WOS), mediante el análisis bibliométrico, con la finalidad de conocer las líneas de investigación en los últimos años. El análisis descriptivo indica que el año con más publicaciones es 2022, España lidera la producción científica y el autor con más trabajos es Cabero-Almenara. Se generaron cuatro clústeres y se abordan aspectos relevantes de la investigación sobre competencias digitales docentes.
Optimal Placement of Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storages in a Distribution Network with Embedded Wind Power Generation
Authors: Sesay Steven Foday , Wekesa Cyrus Wabuge , Ngoo Livingstone M. H.
Published: April 2024

The prevalence of distributed generation in most power grids can negatively affect their performance in terms of power loss, voltage deviation, and voltage stability. Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storages (SMESs) can help in addressing this problem as long as they are optimally placed in the distribution network. This paper presents a hybrid Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm and a Simulated Annealing (GOA-SA) method to determine the optimal placement of SMESs in a distribution network with an embedded wind power generation system. The optimization was formulated as a multi-objective problem to minimize active power losses, reactive power losses, and voltage deviation and maximize the voltage stability index. An IEEE 57-node distribution network was employed and simulations were performed using MATLAB R2020b. Based on simulations using 200 kW SMESs in discharge mode, the active power loss decreased by 82.57%, the reactive power loss decreased by 80.71%, the average voltage deviation index decreased by 66.91%, and the voltage stability index improved by 34.97%. In the charging operation mode, the active power loss increased by 24.86%, the reactive power loss increased by 8.21%, the average voltage deviation increased by 12.86%, and the voltage stability index increased by 12.79%. These results show that SMESs can improve the technical performance of a distribution network.
A Metaheuristic Approach of predicting the Dynamic Modulus in Asphalt Concrete
Authors: Amir Ilham Yahya , Yusuf Abdinasir Mohamed , Uwanuakwa Ikenna D.
Published: April 2024

The prediction of the asphalt dynamic modulus (E*), which measures the material's ability to withstand changes in shape or structure, is important. Previous studies indicated that the well-known Witczak 1-40D model for E* is outperformed by machine learning models. Additionally, the application of machine learning algorithms requires manual fine-tuning of their hyperparameters. In this study, the artificial Hummingbird and Harris Hawks optimization algorithms were employed in the automatic calibration of the Random Forest and Gradient Boost algorithms' hyperparameters for modeling E* using the Witczak 1-40D model and additional parameters. In addition, the model was interpreted using the Shapley value and permutation feature importance. The results indicate that the optimized artificial hummingbird algorithm model performed better, with R² reaching 0.97. The interpretability of the model suggests that the binder parameters exhibited the highest effect on the variance of E*.
Wind Resource Evaluation in Libya: A Comparative Study of Ten Numerical Methods for the Estimation of Weibull Parameters using Multiple Datasets
Authors: Kassem Youssef , Camur Huseyin , Mosbah Almonsef Alhadi Salem
Published: April 2024

This study examines Libya's pursuit of sustainable wind energy solutions, using nine sites with mast measurements before the 2011 civil war and six gridded datasets, including CFSR, ERA5, EAR5-Ag, MERRA2, EAR5-Land, and TerraClimate. Employing the Weibull distribution function with ten methods, the empirical method of Justus proved to be optimal for calculating Weibull parameters across datasets. Al Bayda and Darnah exhibit substantial wind power potential (116.80-123.00 W/m²) based on MERRA2 data, making them ideal for large-scale wind turbine deployment. Furthermore, the results showed that wind power density was estimated below 100 W/m² for all selected locations according to CFSR, ERA5, EAR5-Ag, EAR5-Land, and TerraClimate. This study emphasizes the need for new mast measurements to refine dataset selection, which is crucial for accurate assessments and large wind farm planning. Consequently, this study provides key insights into optimizing wind energy utilization in diverse Libyan regions, addressing both the potential and the challenges in sustainable energy development.
Assessing Real-Time Health Impacts of outdoor Air Pollution through IoT Integration
Authors: Mullangi Pradeep , Madan Kumar K. M. V. , Nirmala Gera Vijaya , Komperla Ramesh Chandra Aditya , Rajeswaran Nagalinagam , Jaffar Amar Y. , Alwabli Abdullah , Malky Saeed Faisal
Published: April 2024

Air pollution constitutes a significant global challenge in both public health and the environment, particularly for countries undergoing industrialization and transitioning from low- to middle-income economies. This study aims to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of a real-time air quality prediction system based on data collected from Internet of Things (IoT) sensors to help people and public institutions track and manage atmospheric pollution. The primary objective of this study was to investigate whether an IoT-based approach can provide accurate and continuous real-time air quality forecasting. The standard dataset provided by the Indian government was analyzed using regression, traditional Long-Short-Term Memory (LTSM), and bidirectional LSTM (BLSTM) models to evaluate their performance on multivariate air quality features. The results show that the proposed BLSTM model outperformed the other models in minimizing RMSE errors and avoiding overfitting.
A Low-Profile Electrically Small Serrated Rectangular Patch Antenna for RFID Applications
Authors: Majji Naveen Kumar , Madhavareddy Venkata Narayana , Immadi Govardhani , Ambati Navya
Published: April 2024

This paper presents the design and analysis of a global system for mobile communication applications, as well as the design and analysis of a compact, bidirectional Electrically Small Antenna (ESA) at 0.9 GHz for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) applications. In order to attain results at lower frequencies while keeping a compact size, the proposed design consists of a microstrip patch antenna in which an SRR and a semicircular-shaped SRR were subtracted from the ground plane. The dimensions of the FR4 substrate, on which this ESA was designed, were 20 × 18 × 1.6 mm. Ansys HFSS was used for the design and simulation of the antenna. Chemical etching was implemented to fabricate the ESA and MS2037C Anritsu Combinational Analyzer was applied for testing. The simulated results show that at 0.9 GHz, the ESA achieves a bandwidth of 300 MHz (700 MHz-1000 MHz). At the resonance frequency, a bidirectional radiation pattern with a 80% radiation efficiency is obtained in both H and E planes. A 90% agreement between the simulated and the fabricated results has been achieved.
Smart Vacuum Cleaning Robot
Authors: Divyani Khandare  , Bhavana Kalaskar  , Renuka Saraf  , Rajnandani Jawale
Published: April 2024

In today's fast-paced world, the demand for efficient and convenient household technologies continues to surge. Among these, smart vacuum cleaning robots have emerged as indispensable tools, promising automated cleaning solutions that integrate seamlessly into modern lifestyles. This abstract presents a comprehensive overview of a cutting-edge smart vacuum cleaning robot embedded system, featuring five key components for enhanced functionality. The system is anchored by an Arduino Nano-based model, leveraging the versatility and reliability of Arduino technology to orchestrate the robot's operations. Through a Bluetooth-operated interface facilitated by a dedicated mobile application, users can effortlessly control the robot's movements and cleaning schedules, offering unparalleled convenience and flexibility. Equipped with a dry vacuum cleaning system optimized for dust collection, the robot ensures thorough cleaning performance while minimizing maintenance hassles. Additionally, an ultrasonic sensor serves as a robust obstacle detector, enabling the robot to navigate intelligently and avoid collisions with furniture and other obstructions. Crucially, the entire system operates on a battery-powered module, granting the freedom to traverse various spaces without constraints imposed by traditional power sources. By synergizing these components, the proposed smart vacuum cleaning robot embedded system epitomizes the convergence of innovation and practicality, poised to revolutionize the landscape of home cleaning automation.
Moskau holt X5 nach Hause
Authors: Stockburger Manfred
Published: April 2024

Moskau wendet ein Putin-Gesetz an, um den Lebensmittelhändler X5 komplett unter russische Kontrolle zu holen: Die Holding in Amsterdam wird ausgebootet.
Central Group plant Luxus-Imperium
Authors: Brändlein Philip , Paoli Nicola de
Published: April 2024

Der Kollaps von Signa sorgt bei den britischen Selfridges-Warenhäusern ebenso für Unruhe wie bei der KaDeWe-Gruppe. Die Central Group plant offenbar die Vereinigung zu einem Luxus-Kosmos.
Drohnen-Test zeigt gute Nutzung
Authors: Federmann Benjamin
Published: April 2024

Die Entwicklungen bei der automatisierten Belieferung von Gütern des täglichen Bedarfs zeigen: Drohnen können eine sinnvolle Ergänzung vorhandener Lieferkonzepte in Deutschland sein. Das gilt für den Odenwald, aber auch den ersten Drohnenflugbetrieb im Umfeld von Lüdenscheid.
Verpackungsindustrie: Zurück zur Normalität?
Authors: Mühling Winfried
Published: April 2024

Mit Erleichterung hat die europäische Verpackungsindustrie aufgenommen, dass die Trilog Gespräche zwischen dem Europäischen Parlament, Rat und Kommission zu einer gemeinsamen Schlussfolgerung geführt haben. Von Winfried Mühling, Pro Carton
Willkommen in der Klima-Ökonomie
Authors: Baumann Daniel
Published: April 2024

Die Wirtschaft schaltet um in den grünen Modus, das Zeitalter der Klima-Ökonomie hat längst begonnen. Für Gesellschaft und Unternehmen ergeben sich daraus enorme Veränderungen – und große Chancen.
„Nachhaltigkeit ist ein Wettbewerbsvorteil“
Authors: Maurer Bettina
Published: April 2024

Tim Kemper ist Nachhaltigkeits-Manager beim Spezialisten für Schneid- und Wickeltechnik Kampf. Mit nur 25 Jahren besetzt er eine strategisch wichtige Schlüsselposition. Denn seine Aufgabe ist es, die Nachhaltigkeits- Strategie seines Arbeitgebers voranzutreiben.
Rundtischlager: Mehr Genauigkeit und Prozesssicherheit
Authors:   Julia Hartung
Published: April 2024

Hohe Stei gkeit, große Belastbarkeit und sehr hohe Genauigkeit:Mit diesen Eigenschaften erfüllen Rundtischlager von Rodriguez die hohenAnforderungen im Werkzeugmaschinenbau. Die RTB-Lager sind Garant fürstabile Produktionsprozesse und präzise Ergebnisse. Der Beitrag gibtEinblicke in aktuelle Wälzlagertechnologie. Insbesondere der Typ RTB-ABSüberzeugt mit einer zukunftsweisenden Weiterentwicklung.
Cybersecurity in der Automation: Risk Management weiterdenken
Authors:   Michael Pfeifer
Published: April 2024

Arbeiten Maschinen, Anlagen und System vernetzt, sind sie reaktionsschneller, flexibler und effizienter. Zunehmend digitalisiert werden sie aber auch anfälliger für Manipulationen. Mit dem Enhanced Risk Assessment (ERA) finden Industriebetriebe die richtige Balance zwischen Leistungssteigerung sowie Safety und Security. Erfahren Sie in diesem Beitag, wie das gelingt.
Guidelines for an alcohol clinic in primary healthcare clinics
Authors: Jung Jin-Gyu , Kim Jong-Sung , Yoon Seok-Joon , Hong Jang-Hee , Sunwoo Jung
Published: April 2024

Background: In clinical practice, primary healthcare physicians commonly encounter patients with alcohol-related problems. This review article introduces the concept of an alcohol clinic for treating patients with these issues at primary healthcare clinics.Current Concepts: Alcohol-related problems often give rise to health problems, which prompts primary healthcare physicians to be required to develop screening, treatment, and counseling skills. Primary healthcare clinics should actively screen for alcohol-related problems. Screening involves questions regarding the frequency, quantity, and maximum consumption of alcohol to determine risk levels. For Koreans, moderate alcohol consumption is defined as ≤8 drinks per week (1 drink=14 g of alcohol) for men aged up to 65 years, and ≤4 drinks per week for men over 65 years; consumption for women is set at half of the amount defined for men. Individuals experiencing facial flushing after alcohol consumption are advised to limit their alcohol intake to half the amount consumed by those who do not experience flushing.Discussion and Conclusion: The focus for these patients should be on their environment, particularly when implementing a family-oriented approach. The decision to initiate drug treatment should be based on the symptoms of the patient, with follow-up evaluations performed at appropriate time points. The “FRAMES Motivational Enhancement Interview” and “Insight Enhancement Counseling” are recommended for an effective counseling of patients.
Guidelines for nutrition counseling in primary healthcare clinics
Authors: Lee Gyeongsil , Oh Seung-Won
Published: April 2024

Background: Chronic diseases are a significant burden on the healthcare system. Nutrition counseling plays a pivotal role in the management and prevention of chronic diseases. Despite its importance, primary healthcare clinicians face practical challenges in providing effective nutritional guidance owing to time limitations, lack of information, and resistance of patients.Current Concepts: This review identifies the main barriers to nutrition counseling that are encountered by primary healthcare clinicians. We propose general strategies to overcome these obstacles, emphasizing the need for simple and easy approaches in clinical settings. In addition, specific one-point counseling methods according to gender and age that can be applied in various situations, techniques related to behavior change for motivating and guiding patients, and practical tips to cope with common conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity are also discussed. Additionally, utilization of education materials, apps, and websites as convenient resources for patients is highlighted.Discussion and Conclusion: Real-life cases demonstrated successful application of nutrition counseling in clinical practice that benefitted both the patients and clinicians. This review suggests enhancing nutrition education in medical schools and residency programs, along with activating nutrition counseling fees to motivate and support clinicians. In conclusion, this review reaffirms the importance of nutrition counseling and stresses the need for continuous learning and practice by clinicians. In the future, nutrition counseling is envisioned as a more integrated and patient-centered approach, necessitating active engagement and adaptation by primary healthcare providers.
Updated sedative basics guide: everything you need to know about sedatives in clinical practice
Authors: Lee Oh Haeng
Published: April 2024

Background: As interventional procedures become more common in clinical practice, sedatives are being increasingly used to enhance patient experience, overall safety, and procedural efficacy. An appropriate sedation depth, which is crucial for patient safety, is determined according to sedative dosage, procedural stimuli, and patient status. Thus, it is important that clinicians understand the continuous nature of sedation levels.Current Concepts: Although sedation offers benefits, it also carries risks. Thus, vigilant monitoring during and after a procedure is important for preventing excessive sedation depth and related complications. Combining sedatives with analgesics, including opioids, often has a synergistic effect that necessitates a dosage reduction. Interdisciplinary guidelines for moderate sedation were recently developed to address expanding procedural scopes and patient population diversity.Discussion and Conclusion: To ensure sedation safety and success in new procedures, healthcare providers should refer to relevant studies. In cases with limited evidence, sedative dosages should be determined based on their pharmacological characteristics.
KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT THAY LẠI KHỚP HÁNG NHÂN TẠO TẠI BỆNH VIỆN HỮU NGHỊ VIỆT ĐỨC
Authors: Đặng Văn Long , Nguyễn Mạnh Khánh , Dương Đình Toàn
Published: April 2024

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá nguyên nhân và kết quả phẫu thuật thay lại khớp háng nhân tạo tại Bệnh viện Hữu nghị Việt Đức. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: nghiên cứu mô tả hồi cứu 34 bệnh nhân (BN) thay lại khớp háng tại khoa Chấn thương chỉnh hình 1- Bệnh viện Hữu nghị Việt Đức từ 1/2018 đến tháng 1/2023. Các BN sau mổ được theo dõi triệu chứng lâm sàng và X-quang để đánh giá các biến chứng, điểm chức năng Harris và mức độ hài lòng. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình là 60,8 (từ 32 đến 83 tuổi). Giới nam chiếm tỉ lệ 71%. BMI trung bình là 22,6. Thời gian giữa 2 lần thay khớp trung bình là 59,6 tháng, Nguyên nhân thay lại khớp háng chủ yếu là lỏng khớp chiếm tỉ 41.2%, nhiễm trùng khớp chiếm 23.5%, trật khớp và gãy xương quanh khớp lần lượt chiếm 17.6% và 14.7%. Nguyên nhân phổ biến trong 5 năm đầu là nhiễm trùng khớp và trật khớp, sau 5 năm là lỏng khớp vô khuẩn. Thời gian phẫu thuật trung bình 89.2 phút. Thời gian nằm viện trung bình 7.62 ngày (6-15 ngày). Đa phần các BN có cải thiện điểm đau và điểm chức năng theo Harris. 72.5% khớp có chức năng tốt và rất tốt. 17.6% mức độ trung bình và 8.8% mức độ kém. Kết luận: Lỏng khớp vô khuẩn, nhiễm trùng khớp là những nguyên nhân chính của thay lại khớp háng. Trong 5 năm đầu, nhiễm trùng trật khớp là nguyên nhân thất bại chính, từ sau 5 năm lỏng khớp là nguyên nhân chính. Phẫu thuật thay lại khớp háng giúp cho BN cải thiện được chức năng vận động khớp háng và chất lượng cuộc sống.
KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT ÍT XÂM LẤN THAY VAN ĐỘNG MẠCH CHỦ QUA ĐƯỜNG MỞ NGỰC KHOANG LIÊN SƯỜN II CẠNH ỨC PHẢI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TIM HÀ NỘI
Authors: Nguyễn Tiến Hùng , Nguyễn Sinh Hiền , Phạm Hữu Lư , Nguyễn Minh Ngọc , Nguyễn Thái Minh , Lê Quang Thiện , Hà Đức Linh
Published: April 2024

Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng, chỉ định phẫu thuật và nhận xét kết quả của phẫu thuật ít xâm lấn thay van động mạch chủ qua đường mở ngực khoang liên sườn II cạnh ức phải tại Bệnh viện tim Hà Nội.  Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang hồi cứu trên 53 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán bệnh lý van ĐMC được phẫu thuật ít xâm lấn thay van ĐMC đơn thuần tại Bệnh viện Tim Hà Nội từ tháng 07/2019 đến tháng 12/2022. Kết quả: Nghiên cứu bao gồm 53 bệnh nhân (BN) được phẫu thuật ít xâm lấn thay van ĐMC  qua đường mở ngực trước phải. Tuổi trung bình 60,2±11,6 (25-82), nam giới chiếm 47.2% (29 bệnh nhân). 22.6% BN có bệnh mạch máu ngoại vi. 20.8 % đặt ống thông ĐM trung tâm, 3 BN (5.7%) có viêm dính màng tim, 1 trường hợp được phẫu thuật mở rộng gốc ĐMC. Tử vong sớm 0%, chảy máu mổ lại 2 BN (3.8%). Thời gian theo dõi trung bình là 12.8 tháng, 86.5% BN có NYHA I, 1 bệnh nhân (1.9%) tử vong do xuất huyết não. Kết luận: phương pháp phẫu thuật ít xâm lấn thay van động mạch chủ qua đường mở ngực khoang liên sườn II bên phải với một số cải tiến kỹ thuật mang lại kết quả phẫu thuật tốt về ngắn hạn và trung hạn.
KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT ĐIỀU TRỊ UNG THƯ BIỂU MÔ ĐẠI TRÀNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TỈNH VĨNH PHÚC
Authors: Trương Tiến Thịnh , Trịnh Hồng Sơn , Qúach Văn Kiên
Published: April 2024

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết phẫu thuật điều trị ung thư biểu mô đại tràng tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa tỉnh Vĩnh Phúc giai đoạn 01/2019 - 12/2022. Thiết kế nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên toàn bộ người bệnh có chẩn đoán là ung thư biểu mô đại tràng và được điều trị bằng phẫu thuật tại bệnh viện đa khoa tỉnh Vĩnh Phúc từ tháng 01/2019 đến 12/2022. Thông tin lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng, phương pháp phẫu thuật, kết quả gần và xa được thu thập. Kết quả: Trong khoảng thời gian nghiên cứu có 99 người bệnh được thu thập số liệu. Tuổi trung bình là 65,6 tuổi. Triệu chứng lâm sàng thường gặp nhất là đau bụng chiếm 91,9%. Giải phẫu bệnh có 49,5% là thể loét sùi, 81,8% có độ biệt hóa vừa, 82,8% là UTBM tuyến. Thời gian phẫu thuật trung bình 172 phút, không có sự khác nhau giữa bên trái và bên phải; biến chứng gặp nhiều nhất là nhiễm trùng vết mổ (15,2%); thời gian nằm viện sau phẫu thuật trung bình 12,53 ngày. Thời gian sống thêm sau phẫu thuật trung bình 21,83 tháng, giai đoạn IV ngắn hơn các giai đoạn I, II, III; khả năng sống thêm ở người bệnh có hóa chất sau phẫu thuật cao hơn so với người bệnh không hóa chất. Kết luận: Nghiên cứu cho thấy kết quả điều trị ung thư đại tràng ở bệnh viện đạt kết quả tốt, cũng như kéo dài thời gian sống thêm cho bệnh nhân mắc ung thư đại tràng.
HIỆU QUẢ CỦA CAN THIỆP PPM ĐỐI VỚI THỰC TRẠNG CHĂM SÓC LAO Ở KHU VỰC Y TẾ TƯ NHÂN TẠI HÀ NỘI GIAI ĐOẠN 2020-2022
Authors: Nguyễn Hoài Bắc , Ngô Minh Độ , Nguyễn Bình Hòa , Nguyễn Đăng Vững
Published: April 2024

Nhằm đánh giá hiệu quả của mô hình PPM đối với chất lượng chăm sóc NB Lao tại khu vực y tế tư nhân, chúng tôi tiến hành nghiên cứu can thiệp cộng đồng có đối chứng trên 100 CSYTTN tại Hà Nội. Các can thiệp bao gồm: tập huấn Lao đối với các CBYT; hỗ trợ xét nghiệm tại các CSYTTN; hỗ trợ báo cáo ca bệnh và hỗ trợ chi phí. Kết cục chính trong nghiên cứu là số lượt báo cáo chẩn đoán và chuyển gửi NB Lao tới CTCLQG. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, can thiệp đã tạo ra mức cải thiện cao hơn về số lượt báo cáo chẩn đoán và số lượt chuyển gửi ở nhóm can thiệp so với nhóm đối chứng, với trung bình khác biệt lần lượt là 36,65 lượt/CSYT/năm và 27,59 lượt/CSYT/năm (p < 0,05). Tác động từ những can thiệp này tạo ra những hiệu quả tích cực trong công tác phòng chống Lao, do đó, mô hình PPM nên được khuyến cáo nhân rộng trên quy mô toàn quốc.
NHẬN XÉT ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ PHÂN TÍCH MỐI LIÊN QUAN VỚI DI CĂN HẠCH NÁCH Ở BỆNH NHÂN UNG THƯ VÚ
Authors: Vũ Anh Hải , Lê Việt Anh
Published: April 2024

Nghiên cứu mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và phân tích mối liên quan của một số đặc điểm này với tình trạng di căn hạch nách ở bệnh nhân ung thư tuyến vú giai đoạn từ I đến IIIA, được phẫu thuật điều trị triệt căn tại Bệnh viện Quân y 103, thời gian từ tháng 01/2020 đến 05/2023. Kết quả cho thấy: tuổi trung bình 53,4±1,7 (26-84), bệnh nhân còn kinh tỷ lệ 41,0%, mãn kinh 59,0%. Đa số trường hợp phát hiện bệnh do người bệnh tự sờ thấy khối u vú (chiếm 96,7%), vị trí khối thường gặp nhất là ¼ trên ngoài (tỷ lệ 59,0%), khối ung thư thường có ranh giời không rõ, mật độ chắc và di động kém (tỷ lệ lần lượt là 67,2%, 88,5% và 52,5%), bất thường ở núm vú tỷ lệ 14,6%, bao gồm: tụt (11,4%), chảy dịch (1,6%) và viêm tấy (1,6%). Trên siêu âm, khối u có đặc điểm giảm âm chiếm đa số (tỷ lệ 88,5%), chủ yếu có phân độ Birads 4 và 5 (tỷ lệ 72,1 và 19,7%). Típ biểu mô ống xâm nhập chiếm chủ yếu (tỷ lệ  75,4%), phân nhóm lòng ống B có tỷ lệ cao nhất (58,3%). Nhóm kích thước u trên 2cm và đặc điểm mất cấu trúc rốn hạch trên siêu âm có giá trị tiên lượng di căn hạch nách (p < 0,05).
NGHIÊN CỨU BIẾN ĐỔI KÍCH THƯỚC, CHỈ SỐ XẸP TĨNH MẠCH CHỦ DƯỚI TRƯỚC VÀ SAU CUỘC LỌC BẰNG SIÊU ÂM Ở BỆNH NHÂN BỆNH THẬN MẠN TÍNH GIAI ĐOẠN CUỐI CÓ LỌC MÁU CHU KỲ
Authors: Nguyễn Thanh Xuân , Nguyễn Huy Thông , Phạm Quốc Toản
Published: April 2024

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá biến đổi kích thước, chỉ số xẹp tĩnh mạch chủ dưới bằng siêu âm 2D trước và sau cuộc lọc ở bệnh nhân bệnh thận mạn tính giai đoạn cuối có lọc máu chu kỳ. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang ở 70 bệnh nhân bệnh thận mạn tính có lọc máu chu kỳ từ tháng 01 năm 2022 đến 6 năm 2023. Đo kích thước tĩnh mạch chủ dưới bằng siêu âm ở thời điểm trước và sau cuộc lọc máu. Kết quả: Bệnh nhân bệnh thận mạn tính giai đoạn cuối có lọc máu có kích thước tĩnh mạch chủ dưới trên siêu âm giảm rõ rệt sau lọc máu: Dmax IVCe giảm từ 1,8 ± 0,409 (cm) xuống 1,6 ± 0,365 (cm) (p<0,01), Dmax IVCi giảm từ 1 ± 0,409 (cm) xuống 0,75 ±  0,32 (cm) (p <0,01); Chỉ số xẹp tĩnh mạch chủ dưới IVC-CI tăng lên có ý nghĩa sau lọc máu: từ 0,42 ± 0,116 lên 0,497 ± 0,134 (p<0,01). Kết luận: kích thước tĩnh mạch chủ dưới biến đổi giảm và chỉ số xẹp tăng có ý nghĩa sau cuộc lọc ở bệnh nhân bệnh thận mạn có lọc máu chu kỳ
ĐÁNH GIÁ TỶ LỆ ĐÁP ỨNG VÀ THỜI GIAN SỐNG THÊM HÓA XẠ TRỊ ĐỒNG THỜI UNG THƯ PHỔI KHÔNG TẾ BÀO NHỎ	TẠI BỆNH VIỆN UNG BƯỚU NGHỆ AN
Authors: Nguyễn Khánh Toàn , Ngô Văn Lâm , Phạm Thị Hường , Nguyễn Tuấn Anh , Lê Văn Thành
Published: April 2024

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá tỷ lệ đáp ứng và thời gian sống thêm bệnh không tiến triển phác đồ hóa xạ trị đồng thời ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ giai đoạn III tại bệnh viện ung bướu Nghệ An. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả, hồi cứu kết hợp tiến cứu 139 bệnh nhân UTPKTBN giai đoạn III bằng hóa xạ trị đồng thời tại bệnh viện Ung Bướu Nghệ An từ tháng 3/2019 đến tháng 3/2023. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ đáp ứng toàn bộ là 74,8%, tỷ lệ kiểm soát bệnh là 84,9%, trong đó đáp ứng hoàn toàn 1,4 %, đáp ứng một phần 73,4%, bệnh ổn định 10,1% và 15,1 %  trường hợp bệnh tiến triển. Ghi nhận khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê của tình trạng đáp ứng với các phân nhóm giai đoạn bệnh và liều xạ trị. Trung vị thời gian sống thêm bệnh không tiến triển là 10,0 tháng. Thời gian sống thêm bệnh không tiến triển có liên quan với tình trạng đáp ứng (HR=0,2, KTC 95%: 0,11 – 0,35, p=0,001), tình trạng giai đoạn bệnh IIIA (HR=0,27, KTC 95%:0,03-0,95, p = 0,044), phác đồ hóa xạ trị Pemetrexed – Carboplatin (HR = 0,41, KTC 95%: 0,19 – 0,89, p = 0,03). Kết luận: Hóa xạ trị đồng thời điều trị UTPKTBN giai đoạn III tại bệnh viện ung bướu Nghệ an có tỷ lệ đáp ứng toàn bộ 74,8% và trung vị thời gian sống thêm bệnh không tiến triển là 10,0 tháng
Universities as Thinking Spaces for Society: Moving from Welfare to Development
Authors: Ogunsanya Olajumoke , Anwana Emem , Dlamini Nolwazi
Published: April 2024

South Africa's developmental challenges offer a fertile ground for collaborative efforts among various stakeholders, including higher education institutions, government bodies, industries, and civil society organizations. Such collaboration fosters channels for knowledge generation, opportunities for resource sharing, and strategies for policy enhancement, all aimed at driving South Africa's progressive transformation through its development agenda. This special issue is the result of a partnership between the Faculty of Management Sciences at Durban University of Technology, South Africa, and the Population Promotion Directorate of the KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Department of Social Development in South Africa. This special issue serves as a concerted effort to cultivate interdisciplinary collaboration between government institutions and universities, aiming to generate knowledge for the betterment of citizens' lives. As such, the papers within cover a range of themes addressing significant issues within South African society. Their findings are intended to serve as credible inputs for the development and implementation of policies in relevant domains. Utilizing both qualitative and quantitative data, these papers offer deeper insights into their respective subject matters, contributing to evidence-based policymaking and decision-making processes across various levels of government in South Africa.
Optical density and atomic ratios N/S of humic acids of bottom sediments of lakes of the Middle Ob region
Authors:   Yugra State University, Shpynova Natalia , Sartakov Mikhail , Osnitskiy Evgeny
Published: April 2024

The paper presents the results of studies of the optical density of alkaline solutions of humic acids (HA) and himatomelanic acids (MMC) characteristic of the Middle Ob bottom sediments of lakes of silicate, organo-silicate and organic class and their dependence on the atomic ratios of H/S of HA macromolecules. It is established that the results of spectroscopy of the UV and visible regions of the HA spectrum depend on the results of the elemental composition. With an increase in the atomic ratios of N/S, the values of E465 quantities (quasi-extinction coefficients) decrease, which reflects the composition of the aromatic part of GC macromolecules. MMCs have been studied, however, they contain more peripheral groups than GC and do not have patterns of the relationship of E465 quantities from N/S, therefore, correlation dependencies are not given in the article. The highest content of aromatic carbon in GC was found for samples of GC K-6 of the silicate class of the Kondinsky province (left bank of the Ob) and C-5 of the organic class of the Sredneob province (right bank of the Ob). The general correlation dependence of N/S and E465 values is higher in the samples of the GK of the Kondinsky province. Keywords: SAPROPEL, HUMIC ACIDS, HIMATOMELANIC ACIDS, UV SPECTROSCOPY, MIDDLE OB
USING INDIRECT HEMAGGLUTINATION ASSAY FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF CATTLE BRUCELLOSIS
Authors: Mikailov M.M. , Gunashev Sh.A. , Yanikova E. A. , Halikov А. А. , Bulashev А. К.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The possibility of using indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA) with milk (IHA/m) to differentiate post-infectious antibodies from post-vaccination ones in cows immunized with the Brucella abortus 82 was studied. Anti-Brucella antibodies by IHA/m were detected in the milk of all lactating animals (n=20) culled on the results of tube agglutination test (AT) and/or complement fixation test (CFT), while the milk ring test (MRT) were negative in 20% of cases. IHA/m, as well as IHA with blood serum (IHA/s), confirmed brucellosis in cows with AT- and/or CFT- negative or questionable results. The correlation coefficient between the results of the two IHA variants was very high (r = 793), and the hemagglutinin titers in the blood serum were significantly higher - 1:760 (+13.3%; -11.7%) than in AT-1:260 (+8.7%;-8.0%) (P≤0.01). Vaccination of cows caused increased production of complement-fixing, agglutinating and precipitating antibodies, which tended to weaken during observation of the animals: 30, 60 and 90 days post-vaccination (p.v.). By the end of the experiment, all vaccinated animals showed questionable AT; positive  RID/O-PS and IHA/s were noted in 10% and 20% of cases, respectively. However, complement-fixing antibodies remained at diagnostic values in all animals until the end of the experiment. Despite the intense antibody immune response to the vaccine injection, there were no Brucella-specific agglutinins detected by IHA/m and MRT in the milk of cows even on the 30th day p.v. The results show the need for further study on a large population to determine the diagnostic value of IHA/m for differentiating infected from vaccinated animals.