bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identifying Cultivation Hotspots of Aquilegia fragrans Benth.-an Endangered Medicinally Important Plant via Ensemble Modelling under Climate Change Scenarios
Authors: Bhat Irshad Ahmad , Fayaz Mudasir , -ul-Qadir Roof , Rafiq Shah , Guleria Khushboo , Qadir Jasfeeda , wani Tareq A , Kaloo Zahoor A
Published: January 2023

Climate change is one of the main drivers for species redistribution and biodiversity loss, especially for endemic and medicinally important plant species with a restricted distributional range. For that reason, it is vital to comprehend "how" and "where" priority medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) might be effectively used to address conservation-related issues under rapid climate change. In the current study, we used an ensemble modelling approach to investigate the present and future potential distribution coupled with the range dynamics of the Aquilegia fragrans–a medicinally important endangered plant species in the entire spectrum of the Himalayan biodiversity hotspot. The findings of the current study revealed that, under current climatic conditions, the northwest states of India (Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, and the northern part of Uttarakhand); the eastern and southern parts of Pakistan Himalaya have highly suitable and optimal climatic conditions for the growth of A. fragrans. The ensemble model exhibited high forecast accuracy, with temperature seasonality (BIO4) and precipitation seasonality (BIO15) as the main climatic variables responsible for the distribution in the biodiversity hotspot. Furthermore, the study predicted that future climate change scenarios will diminish habitat suitability for the species by -46.922% under RCP4.5 2050 and − 55.052% under RCP4.5 2070. Likewise, under RCP8.5 the habitat suitability will decrease by -51.760% in 2050 and-94.351% in 2070. The current study also revealed that the western Himalayan area will show the most habitat loss. Some regions that are currently unsuitable such as the northern Himalayan regions of Pakistan will become more suitable under climate change scenarios. Hopefully, the current approach will provide a robust technique and showcases a model with learnings for predicting cultivation hotspots and devising scientifically sound conservation plans for this endangered medicinal plant in the Himalayan biodiversity hotspot.
Multidetector computed tomography angiography findings predicts the need for bronchial artery embolization for moderate to severe hemoptysis: a single-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Sakuranaka Haruyasu , Nakayama Ryouta , Yamakawa Yuji , Nakamoto Tadaharu , Igei Komei , Okamoto Naoki , Asai Yasuo , Ichioka Masahiko
Published: January 2023

Background
While the utility of multidetector computed tomography angiography (MDCTA) as a guide before bronchial artery embolization (BAE) has been demonstrated, its utility in determining the need for BAE is unclear. In the present study, we investigated whether MDCTA could identify the need for BAE in patients with moderate to severe hemoptysis.
Methods
This single-center retrospective cohort study included 32 patients with moderate to severe hemoptysis > 100 mL/day requiring hospitalization from April 1, 2012 to March 31, 2015. The relationship between MDCTA findings and the need for BAE was analyzed.
Results
MDCTA revealed normal bronchial arteries in 14 of the 32 patients. Among the remaining 18 patients with abnormally dilated bronchial arteries, the arteries remained within the mediastinum in 6 patients and extended from the mediastinum to the pulmonary parenchyma in 12 patients. None of the six patients’ bronchial arteries that remained within the mediastinum underwent BAE, regardless of the dilation status, and hemoptysis could be controlled with conservative treatment. BAE was required in 58% (7/12) of the patients with abnormally dilated bronchial arteries extending to the pulmonary parenchyma. There was a significant association between MDCTA findings and the need for BAE (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
MDCTA finding of abnormally dilated bronchial artery extending from the mediastinum to the pulmonary parenchyma may predict the need for BAE in patients with moderate to severe hemoptysis.
Assessment of Urban Expansion of Jaipur City and Its Impact on UHI With Respect to Lst Using Geoinformatics
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Jalem Kiran , Singh Harikesh
Published: January 2023

The spread of urban development is now related to the expansion of human and social development. Rapid urbanization is also causing an increase in urban temperature, which creates Urban Heat Island (UHI) and reduces vegetation space, so it is critical to monitor urban expansion and Land Surface Temperature (LST) to prevent the city's temperature from rising further. The current analysis focuses on Jaipur's urban development over the last 16 years. The change was influenced by the LANDSAT 7 ETM+ (2000, 2008 and 2016) satellite symbology. According to the findings, the city has experienced rapid changes in land use, particularly in terms of built-up area, which has nearly doubled in the last 16 years. The study also attempted to examine the impact of urbanization on UHI in relation to LST by employing MODIS data. The geographical study of Jaipur city is performed in order to determine the correlations between urban expansion rate and intensity, compactness ratio, and UHI. MODIS MOD11A2 V6 thermal band data from 2000, 2008, and 2016 were used to calculate land surface temperature (LST). The temperature typically varies from 24.50 C to 35.51 C during the day and 11.58 C to 22.61 C at night, according to the results. As demonstrated by the temperature ranges, the complete region has been divided into two classes: high temperature and low temperature. The output of land surface temperature shows that urban LST increases and the zone with high temperature have greatly extended.
Evaluation Method and Index System of Fault Diagnosis in Digitalized Distribution Substation Area
Authors: CHEN Jie , SHENG Wanxing , GUAN Shilei , ZHOU Feiyan , ZHAO Bo , SHI Changkai
Published: January 2023

Digitalized distribution substation area that constructed with intelligent transformer terminal could realize various advanced application scenarios by the use of IoT technology, which provides a new perspective for the fault diagnosis problem solving in power distribution system. This paper briefly introduces the principle of fault diagnosis based on digitalized substation area. Then propose a fault diagnosis effectiveness evaluation index system containing the first priority qualification index and the second priority performance index, and its index weight calculation method based on hierarchical analysis method and improved entropy weight method. And through the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, the comprehensive evaluation of the fault diagnosis effectiveness is carried out. At the end of this article, the effectiveness of the proposed evaluation method and index system is verified through example analysis.
Performance Analysis of Rate Adaptation Algorithms based on Mobility models and Propagation Loss in Wireless LANs
Authors: M Sri Vaishnavi , T Nishitha
Published: January 2023

Computer networks establish our day-to-day communications in this contemporary world. Wireless LANs (WLANs) have been beneficial for network connections within a small area referred to as a local area network. WLANs are elicited from the IEEE 802.11ac standard which is used in this paper. Because WLANs are widely used for networking purposes in order to augment the performance of wireless LANs rate adaptation algorithms are applied to the system. This paper primarily focuses on the performance of a few rate adaptation algorithms by changing different parameters’ average throughput and average delay so that their usage can be improvised in our daily lives.
Uncovering systems-level molecular similarities between Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases
Authors: Fallahi Hossein , Yadegari Zahra Sadat , Radak Mehran
Published: January 2023

Background: Two of the most prevalent central neuron system disorders are Alzheimer (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Interestingly, despite their differences in both pathological and molecular basis of the diseases, they exhibit some degrees of similarities. Here, we have conducted a comparative systems-level analysis study for these diseases. Cohort cortex samples from healthy control cases and AD/PD patients were obtained, then we have applied weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA).
Results: Network analysis identified key modules of genes related to each of these diseases. Gene ontology enrichment of the modules showed the involvement of both disease-specific and shared biological processes, including chemical synaptic transmission, nervous system development, and immune responses that are involved in both AD and PD. Surprisingly, the expression patterns for the gene members of the shared modules were strikingly identical. Additionally, we have introduced a handful of novel genes, including INPP4A, CREG2, ABI3, MYO1F, NAPB, NXN, DOCK6, CPSF6, and IKZF1, with potential functionality in both diseases; AD and PD.
Conclusions: In conclusion, besides unveiling the presence of high molecular level similarities between AD and PD, for the first time, several novel genes have been proposed that can open a new opportunity for diagnostic or treatment applications.
Combined adenovirus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is an independent risk factor for developing severe community-acquired pneumonia in children
Authors: Lin Xiaoliang , Chen Qihong , Lan Yuanmei , Zhang Ning , Lin Lihua , Sun Qiufeng , Yang Yungang
Published: January 2023

Background: To investigate the pathogenic characteristics and risk factors of pediatric severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).
Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of hospitalized children with severe CAP, including sex, age, results of sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) bacterial and fungal cultures, respiratory viruses, serum Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP)-IgM and Chlamydia Pneumoniae (CP)-IgM, and BALF or blood (1-3)-β-D-glucan/galactomannan test.
Results:679 children with severe CAP were included in the analysis. The number of cases infected with MP was higher in males than in females. There were significant differences between the ≤1-year and >1-year groups, namely for bacterial, viral, MP, and CP infections. The top three bacteria cultured were Haemophilus influenza, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The top three viruses detected were adenovirus (ADV), respiratory syncytial virus, and parainfluenza virus. The case numbers of ADV and MP infections in severe CAP were significantly higher than those of other infections, and ADV-positive infection was significantly associated with MP infection. MP infection was a risk factor for severe ADV-infected pneumonia, while sex, age, bacteria, CP, fungal, and ADV infections were risk factors for severe MP-infected pneumonia.
Conclusions: ADV-combined MP infection is an independent risk factor for the development of severe CAP in children.
Delayed rooting hormone application and stem cutting collection time improved Flacourtia indica rooting ability and root growth
Authors: Mng'omba Simon
Published: January 2023

Flacourtia indica is an important fruit and medicinal tree in southern Africa but has a low seed germination. Assessing rooting ability of mature (fruit bearing) F. indica stem cuttings is vital to attain early fruiting. The objectives were to assess responses of mature stem cuttings to different application time of a rooting hormone (Seradix® No. 2) and stem cutting collection time and to identify important pheno-phases of in F. indica yearly tree growth cycle. A significantly higher rooting percentage (P < 0.001) was obtained with delayed Seradix® No. 2 application than immediate application. Stem cuttings collected at flowering and leaf fall seasons were responsive to Seradix® No. 2 application, but all stem cuttings collected at fruiting time failed to produce roots. Stem cuttings significantly (P = 0.0482) produced more roots with immediate Seradix® No. 2 application than those subjected to delayed Seradix® No. 2 application for stem cuttings collected at flowering period. The failure to produce roots for cuttings collected at fruiting time could be due to low sugars (carbohydrates) in the stem cuttings. It is concluded that the best time to collect mature stem cuttings for rooting is either at flowering or leaf fall period and that delayed Seradix® No. 2 application improves rooting of mature F. indica stem cuttings.
Deep Handwritten Diagram Segmentation
Authors: Pravalpruk Buntita , Dailey Matthew
Published: January 2023

Handwriting has been a natural way to communicate since ancient times.Humans often prefer to write and draw to facilitate rapid exchange ofideas. When handwritten diagrams need to be converted to application-specific digital formats for later use, conversion requires skill and time.Automatic handwritten document conversion can save time, but dia-grams and text require different recognition engines. We propose tosolve the problem of segmentation of text and non-text elements ofhandwritten diagrams using deep semantic segmentation. Our model,DeepDP, can be tuned in complexity to a level appropriate for a particular dataset and diagram type. Experiments on a public flowchart datasetand a business process flow diagram dataset show excellent performance,with more than 95% accuracy, despite relatively small training datasets.
Evaluation of ocular surface involvement and systemic conditions in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases
Authors: Liu Yingyi , Wu Mengbo , Ren Yuerong , Feng Jianing , Shi Wen , Kang Huanmin , Tian Jing , He Yan
Published: January 2023

Purpose: To evaluate and explore the ocular surface involvement and systemic conditions in autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs).
Methods: 79 patients with ARDs were enrolled in our study, including 26 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 33 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and 20 patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS). All patients underwent ocular surface evaluation, including ocular surface symptoms and signs, conjunctival impression cytology, and tear multi-cytokine detection. The systemic conditions were also collected, including disease duration and disease activity.
Results: SLE patients have the shortest disease duration and nearly half of them have low disease activity, while RA patients and pSS patients have a relatively long disease duration and about 90% of them have moderate/high disease activity. The incidence of dry eye and the levels of pro-inflammatory tear cytokine in SLE patients is significantly lower than RA and pSS patients, while there was no significant difference between RA and pSS patients. However, pathologic squamous metaplasia on the ocular surface is more severe in SLE and pSS patients than RA patients. Dry eye severity in all ARDs patients was shown independent of disease activity, while the ocular surface Nelson’s grades are positively correlated with disease duration in RA patients.
Conclusions: Dry eye and ocular surface inflammation persist in most ARDs patients, and do not occur in parallel with the disease activity. Other than pSS, dry eye and ocular surface squamous metaplasia also exist in SLE and RA. Therefore, all patients with ARDs require a regular ophthalmologic evaluation and topical medications.
Screening of several microalgae revealed biopesticide properties of Chlorella sorokiniana against the strawberry pathogen Phytophthora cactorum
Authors: Jokel Martina , Salazar João , Chovancek Erik , Sirin Sema , Allahverdiyeva Yagut
Published: January 2023

Present agricultural production typically depends on the intensive use of synthetic pesticides with potentially harmful consequences for humans and the environment. To ensure food security for the rapidly rising global population it is necessary to develop more sustainable alternatives to synthetic pesticides. Microalgae possess a large diversity in antimicrobial compounds and are considered one of the most promising sustainable sources of novel biopesticides. Antimicrobial activities of 15 microalgae strains were investigated against a selection of seven common plant pathogens relevant to agricultural production. Several microalgae were identified to possess antimicrobial activity with an extract ofChlorella sorokinianashowing the strongest growth inhibition of the plant pathogenPhytophthora cactorum. Different pre-treatments like freeze-drying, solvents with different polarities, and extraction methods were analyzed in regards to the level of antimicrobial activity ofC. sorokiniana. The bestC. sorokinianaextract demonstrated potential for biopesticide application on strawberry leaves infected withP. cactorum. This study reveals the abundant potential of microalgae as natural biopesticide for organic or more sustainable regular agriculture.
Assessing the impact of anthropogenic stressors on water quality, sediment characteristics and benthic macroinvertebrates community in a Coastal Lagoon, Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Adesakin Taiwo , Ehikhamele Isaac , Ogunrinola Oluwaseun , Oloyede Oyebayo , Adedeji Adebukola , Odufuwa Phebian , Aimienoho Amowie , Adedeji Idowu , Adewumi Emmanuel
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of anthropogenic stressors on environmental variables, sediment properties and benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages of Lagos Lagoon. Four sampling stations were established with respect to their importance/ anthropogenic activities within Lagos Lagoon. Surface water, bottom substrates and benthic macroinvertebrate fauna samples were collected at all sampling stations for a year while samples were analyzed using appropriate standard methods and procedures. The highest pH ranged of 7.96–8.01 (7.98 ± 2.35) was recorded at Site IV while the lowest pH mean value of 6.15 ± 1.14 was observed at Site II. Seasonally, the highest values of temperature, electrical conductivity, nitrate and THB (38.10 ± 3.66°C, 61842.83 ± 11777.45 µs/cm, 6.09 ± 3.70 mg/L and 38174.83 ± 79509.21 cfu/ml) were observed at Site I during dry season. The highest sediment pH ranged of 6.18–9.18 (7.58 ± 0.27 mV/pH) for sediment was recorded at Site I while the lowest mean pH was observed at Site II (6.87 ± 0.19 mV). The mean of sulphate, lead, chromium, cadmium and total coliform counts were higher at Site II during the dry season while nickel was higher in the rainy season. A total number of 26 species of benthic macroinvertebrates were observed during the period of study belonging to 8 classes namely: grastropoda (11), polychaeta (7), malacostraca (3), bivalvia (2), clitellata (1), thecostraca (1) and insecta (1). Gastropoda recorded highest percentage contribution of 39.12% followed by Polychaeta accounting for 30.34%, while Malacostraca contribution was 2.63%. High abundance of macroinvertebrates was recorded at Site I (256 Indiv/m2) followed by Site IV (252 Indiv/m2) and least abundance was observed at Site II (195 Indiv/m2). Low macrobenthos recorded in this study could be due to high tolerate of physico-chemical changes. The encroaching into aquatic environment around the globe often introduce toxic chemicals into waterbodies which has led to loss of certain organisms, destabilization of sediments, and thriving of tolerant benthic macroinvertebrates. Concerned authority should pass a law to stop encroaching into aquatic environment for land reclamation as a result of high urbanization around the world.
Photometric Stereo of Surfaces with Heterogeneous Reflection using Adaptive Diffuse-Specular Segregation
Authors: Singh Siddharth , Furukawa Tomonari
Published: January 2023

Photometric Stereo (PS) techniques have been developed accounting for several material and surface characteristics. While various methods have achieved high accuracy, this has come at the cost of large datasets or intricate reflectance models. Statistical PS methods attempt to estimate the normals robustly, however, they are limited to sparsely specular surfaces. In this paper, we introduce a novel Adaptive Principal Component Analysis (APCA) based PS approach that can estimate the normals of surfaces with heterogeneous reflectance properties with a minimal number of images. The proposed approach adaptively estimates the dominant reflectance characteristic at each individual pixel and solves an optimization problem to estimate the surface normals. The effectiveness of the method is validated using both simulated and real-world data comparing it against representative past methods. The ability of the proposed method to handle heterogenous reflectance was verified. The proposed method shows improvement for surfaces with dominant heterogeneous reflectance. The repeatability and applicability of the proposed method are also verified using data collected by the authors.
Impact of changes in the fat phase on the peculiarities of the formation of quality indicators of semi-hard and hard cheeses
Authors: Mordvinova V. A. , Topnikova E. V. , Danilova E. S. , Ostroukhova I. L.
Published: January 2023

Cheesemaking is a complex process that involves  lactose metabolism, proteolysis and  lipolysis. The flavor bouquet  of ripening cheeses is formed  as a result of changes in all the  components of milk. The conditions of keeping and feeding  a ruminant, its type, breed,  as well as the  technological features of cheese production influence this  process. Milk fat  contributes to  the  formation of the  flavor  bouquet of cheese, which  undergoes separate changes in the  stage  of milk processing for cheese. We studied semi-hard cheeses — Dutch  and Vityaz and hard cheese — Italiko, made from the same raw milk using the microflora characteristic of these cheeses. The temperature  of the  second heating ranged from 39°C to 54°C, depending on the  type  of cheese. To assess  the  quality of cheeses, their physical and chemical composition and degree of maturity, organoleptic indicators and the content of volatile flavoring compounds, acid number, Reichert-Meissl number and  fatty acid composition of the  fatty phase of cheeses were determined. In comparative studies of cheeses, the features of the formation of their quality indicators, due to the composition and manufacturing technology, were revealed. They manifested themselves in the  flavor bouquet and texture of the  product, as well as in the  fatty acid composition of cheeses, confirming the importance of the fat phase in the quality formation of the studied cheeses during their production, ripening and storage. It has been  proven that even a slight  increase in the  acid number of fat during the  production of all cheeses contributes to the  further transformation of the  resulting free  fatty acids  into  volatile flavoring  compounds that take part  in the formation of the taste and aroma  of the finished product.
Authentication of vegetable oils using isotope mass spectrometry
Authors: Panasyuk A. L. , Sviridov D. A. , Shilkin A. A.
Published: January 2023

Vegetable oils play an important role in the  human diet. Both the  physiological value of the  product and its cost largely  depend on the  type of processed raw materials. In this  regard, the  establishment of the  type of vegetable raw materials used for the production of vegetable oils is an important area of research in the identification of this product type. To date,  one of the most  informative methods for assessing the authenticity of plant raw materials is the method of isotope mass spectrometry. Thirty  samples of vegetable oils produced from various  raw materials and places  of origin  (Italy, Greece, Spain, Turkey, Armenia, Russia, Slovenia)  were studied. The isotopic ratios of carbon, oxygen  and hydrogen were measured in the  samples. It is shown  that the  samples of corn oil (C4 type of photosynthesis) are characterized by the  highest values  of the  indicator δ13C, from –17.00‰ to –17.73‰. The rest of the studied samples of vegetable oils were produced from C3 plants (grape seed oil, olive, linseed, sesame, pumpkin, mustard, sunflower, etc.). For them, the values of δ13C lie in the range  from –26.60‰ to –31.14‰. Thus, the  method of isotope mass  spectrometry makes  it possible to detect the  introduction of corn oil into  a product produced from plants with C3 type of photosynthesis, even in small  quantities. In addition, this  method enables establishing the introduction of cheap  oils into  corn oil. The values  of the indicators δ18O and δ2H largely depend on the year of harvest and the climatic characteristics of the region where the raw materials grow. Thus, the values of the isotopic characteristics of the δ18O structural components of the oil samples from grape  seeds  produced in Turkey, Armenia and Italy have significant differences (19.40± 0.77‰, 16.55± 0.66‰ and 23.29± 0.93‰, respectively). The values  of the  isotopic characteristics of hydrogen δ2H of the  sample from Armenia differed from the values  of the samples from Turkey and Italy in the direction of a higher content of “light”  isotopes (–189.86± 1.13‰, —163.17 ± 0.97‰ and –160.72± 0.97‰, respectively). The annual monitoring of these values, the creation of a database, as well as the  use of statistical analysis methods will allow in the  future identifying vegetable oils by their geographical origin  with a high degree  of reliability.
Effective fractonic behavior in a two-dimensional exactly solvable spin liquid
Authors: Delfino Guilherme , Fontana Weslei Bernardino , Gomes Pedro R. S. , Chamon Claudio
Published: January 2023

In this work we propose a \mathbb{Z}_NℤN
clock model which is exactly solvable on the lattice. We find exotic
properties for the low-energy physics, such as UV/IR mixing and
excitations with restricted mobility, that resemble fractonic physics
from higher dimensional models. We then study the continuum descriptions
for the lattice system in two distinct regimes and find two qualitative
distinct field theories for each one of them. A characteristic time
scale that grows exponentially fast with N^2N2
(and diverges rapidly as function of system parameters) separates these
two regimes. For times below this scale, the system is described by an
effective fractonic Chern-Simons-like action, where higher-form
symmetries prevent quasiparticles from hopping. In this regime, the
system behaves effectively as a fracton as isolated particles, in
practice, never leave their original position. Beyond the large
characteristic time scale, the excitations are mobile and the effective
field theory is given by a pure mutual Chern-Simons action. In this
regime, the UV/IR properties of the system is captured by a peculiar
realization of the translation group.
Antihyperuricemia Potential in Ethanol Extract of Siamese Bamboo (Thyrsostachys siamensis) Leaves on Male White House Mice (Mus musculus L.)
Authors: Hidayah Muhamad Aditya , Tunjungsari Gerda Pintoko , Fikroh Retno Aliyatul , Mashadi Hisyam , Handayani Titik , Nurohmah Beta Achromi
Published: January 2023

Hyperuricemia is commonly treated with the synthesis drug allopurinol. Allopurinol lowers uric acid by inhibiting the enzyme xanthine oxidase but provides side effects on the skin and kidneys. In addition, it can be overcome with secondary metabolite compounds in plants. This compound is found in bamboo leaves that have long been used by Chinese people for treatment. This study aims to find out the ability of siamese bamboo leaf extract (Thyrsostachys siamensis) in lowering the uric acid levels of white house mice. Fine siamese bamboo leaves are extracted using 70% ethanol and then evaporated with a rotary evaporator. Obtained a viscous extract with a yield of 55.42% which was further analyzed the phytochemical content and obtained that siamese bamboo leaf extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and triterpenoids. The ability to reduce uric acid levels was tested in male white house mice (Mus musculus L) with six treatment groups, namely group I (without treatment), group II (negative control), group III (positive control), group IV (extract 5 mg / 20 g WW), group V (extract 10 mg / 20 g WW, group VI (extract 20 mg / 20 g WW) which had previously been adapted in the test cage environment. Tests of the activity of siamese bamboo leaf ethanol extract (Thyrsostachys siamensis) against the reduction of white house mouse uric acid showed the best percentage reduction at an extract dose of 5 mg / 20 g BB of 65.85%. This value does not differ much and is comparable to the decrease by allopurinol 0.78 mg / 20 g BB of 58.97%. Therefore, siamese bamboo leaves (Thyrsostachys siamensis) proved effective in lowering uric acid levels.  This proves that siamese bamboo leaves can lower the uric acid levels of white house mice and have the potential to be used as a treatment material for hyperuricemia and is expected to provide information on the use of bamboo plants (Thyrsostachys siamensis) as a lowering of uric acid levels. The results of this uric acid reduction test can be used as a reference to determine how to consume bamboo leaf extract (Thyrsostachys siamensis) for the treatment or prevention of gout.
Adsorption of Copper Ion from Acidic Wastewater by Local Natural Zeolite
Authors: Tahya Candra Yulius , Cornelia Melanie , Siregar Tagor M , Taipabu Muhammad Ikhsan
Published: January 2023

Natural zeolites are available in Indonesia in very large quantities and are available in the market at very affordable prices. The use of zeolite has developed in various fields of industry, water treatment and wastewater treatment. The study on the ability of local natural zeolite to adsorb copper from acidic wastewater from a laboratory in Tangerang has been conducted.  XRD data show that the local natural zeolite consists of mordenite as main mineral and quartz as an accessory mineral. Acid activation of zeolite with HCl 3 M could remove quartz impurities from natural zeolite based on XRD data. Mordenite is one of the most abundant zeolite minerals and commercially used for many purposes including adsorbents, catalyst, fertilizer, and gas separation. The crystallinity of mordenite decreases throughout the process of acid activation and calcination. The calcined zeolite has better copper adsorption ability compared to local natural zeolite without any treatment. The optimum copper adsorption percentage is 14.554% at solution pH of 0.3 by using 10 grams of calcined zeolite in 200 mL of wastewater solution.
Alginate-Based Nanoencapsulation on Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Parijoto Fruit (Medinilla Speciosa Blume) and Its Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Vifta Rissa Laila , Nurlaila Diah , Yanti Sahri
Published: January 2023

Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa Blume) has very strong antioxidant activity, but the bioavailability was low. Therefore, Parijoto should be formed into a nanoparticle. The research aimed to determine the characterization and IC₅₀ value of nanoencapsulated Parijoto. Encapsulation was done using ionic gelation with alginate: CaCl₂ ratio 0.05%:0.05% (b/v). The ultrasonication was modified by a variation in frequency and sonication time. The characterization of nanoparticles was carried out using PSA to show the particle size and polydispersity index (pdI), and UV-Vis Spectrophotometer to show the percent of transmittance. The antioxidant activity was determined using FRAP assay. The characterization of pre-sonicated nanoextract was 265 nm of particle size, 0,472 of PdI, and 98,29% of transmittance. The best condition of sonication effect is given from 45 Hz of frequency and 15 minutes in time. The lower particle size from sonicated nanoextract was 218 nm, 0,415 of PdI, 99,56% percent of transmittance, and IC50 value obtained 1.696±0,014 ppm with a very strong category.
Chitosan-Activated Charcoal of Modified Corn Cobs as an Antibiotics Adsorbent
Authors: Wardani Gatut Ari , Putri Clarisa Kartika , Gustaman Firman , Hidayat Taufik , Nofiyanti Estin
Published: January 2023

Excessive use of tetracycline hydrochloride can cause water pollution. The concentration of tetracycline hydrochloride in an aqueous solution can be reduced by an adsorption method that utilizes activated charcoal as an adsorbent. This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of chitosan on the characteristics of activated charcoal, the effect of pH, adsorption kinetics, the adsorption isotherm, and the effect of sonication on adsorption ability. The method used in this research is the batch method combined with the sonication method. Based on this research, it is known that the use of ultrasonic waves (sonication) can streamline the adsorption process of tetracycline hydrochloride. The time required for the adsorption process is faster with greater adsorption capacity and efficiency. Tetracycline solution can be absorbed optimally at an acidic pH, which is pH 4. The adsorption process using the sonication method can increase the adsorption capacity from 2.092 mg.g-1 to 5.330 mg.g-1. The adsorption mechanism in both methods (batch and sonication) that occurs follows the kinetic equation of the two Ho pessaries. In contrast to adsorption kinetics, the adsorption isotherm for the batch method corresponds to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation (R2 = 0.950), while the use of the sonication method corresponds to the Freundlich isotherm equation (R2 = 0.859).  Thus, corn cob waste can be utilized by converting it into activated charcoal modified by chitosan as an adsorbent for antibiotic waste, especially tetracycline hydrochloride.
Potential of Essential Oil Eucalyptus botryoides Leaves as an Antibacterial in Hand Sanitizer
Authors: Abubakar Andi Nur Fitriani , Karneng Syahdam , Firnanelty Firnanelty , Damayanti Rezki Nur , Aisyah St. , Bikharuddin Ahmad
Published: January 2023

Hand sanitizer is an antiseptic product that is widely used to prevent the spread of bacteria and viruses. Hand sanitizer preparations circulating in the market still use alcohol as an antibacterial agent. One of the natural antibacterial Eucalyptus is an antibacterial agent, and essential oil extracted from Eucalyptus can be named as natural ingredient. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of essential oil E. botryoides leaves as an antibacterial ingredient to make of hand sanitizer. Eucalyptus essential oil is extracted from its leave using steam distillation method and formulated in the making of hand sanitizer gel with various concentrations of 2%, 4%, and 6%. The formulation of hand sanitizer gel was tested for antibacterial, organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, and dispersibility. The results showed that the more concentration of essential oil from Eucalyptus botryoides leaves added to the hand sanitizer gel, the more its antibacterial activity increased. The results of organoleptic observations, homogeneity, pH, and dispersibility of hand sanitizer gel preparations have met the requirements of SNI No.06-2588-1992. Thus, essential oil from E. botryoides leaves has potential as an antibacterial in hand sanitizer gel products.
SGCF: Inductive Movie Recommendation System with Strongly Connected Neighborhood Sampling
Authors: Baskoro Jatmiko Budi , Yulianti Evi
Published: January 2023

User and item embeddings are key resources for the development of recommender systems. Recent works has exploited connectivity between users and items in graphs to incorporate the preferences of local neighborhoods into embeddings. Information inferred from graph connections is very useful, especially when interaction between user and item is sparse. In this paper, we propose graphSAGE Collaborative Filtering (SGCF), an inductive graph-based recommendation system with local sampling weight. We conducted an experiment to investigate recommendation performance for SGCF by comparing its performance with baseline and several SGCF variants in Movielens dataset, which are commonly used as recommendation system benchmark data. Our experiment shows that weighted SGCF perform 0.5% higher than benchmark in NDCG@5 and NDCG@10, and 0.8% in NDCG@100. Weighted SGCF perform 0.79% higher than benchmark in recall@5, 0.4% increase for recall@10 and 1.85% increase for recall@100. All the improvements are statistically significant with p-value < 0.05.
Analysis of Livestock Meat Production in Indonesia Using Fuzzy C-Means Clustering
Authors: Ais Chalawatul , Hamid Abdulloh , Novitasari Dian Candra Rini
Published: January 2023

The production of livestock in Indonesia is one type of food that the public can consume. Indonesia is still importing meat for food for its people. This study aims to classify provinces in Indonesia with high livestock meat production and low livestock meat production so that the government can maximize areas with high livestock meat production and can seek to increase livestock meat production in areas with low production. Clustering is needed to identify groups of livestock meat-producing provinces with high and low production. The data is grouped into 2 clusters using FCM with a silhouette index value of 0.95664, the first cluster with the highest meat production total in three provinces (West Java, Central Java, and East Java) and the second cluster with the lowest meat production total 31 provinces. West Java, Central Java, and East Java mostly work as livestock breeders due to the availability of sufficient land.
Improving Recognition of SIBI Gesture by Combining Skeleton and Hand Shape Features
Authors: Rakun Erdefi , Setyono Noer FP
Published: January 2023

SIBI (Sign System for Indonesian Language) is an official sign language system used in school for hearing impairment students in Indonesia. This work uses the skeleton and hand shape features to classify SIBI gestures. In order to improve the performance of the gesture classification system, we tried to fuse the features in several different ways. The accuracy results achieved by the feature fusion methods are, in descending order of accuracy: 88.016%, when using sequence-feature-vector concatenation, 85.448% when using Conneau feature vector concatenation, 83.723% when using feature-vector concatenation, and 49.618% when using simple feature concatenation. The sequence-feature-vector concatenation techniques yield noticeably better results than those achieved using single features (82.849% with skeleton feature only, 55.530% for the hand shape feature only). The experiment results show that the combined features of the whole gesture sequence can better distinguish one gesture from another in SIBI than the combined features of each gesture frame. In addition to finding the best feature combination technique, this study also found the most suitable Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) model for recognizing SIBI. The models tested are 1-layer, 2-layer LSTM, and GRU. The experimental results show that the 2-layer bidirectional LSTM has the best performance.
Gender Prediction of Indonesian Twitter Users Using Tweet and Profile Features
Authors: Mahendra Rahmad , Putra Hadi Syah , Faisal Douglas Raevan , Rizki Fadzil
Published: January 2023

The increasing use of social media generates huge amounts of data which in turn triggers research into social media analytics. Social media contents can be analyzed to explore public opinion on an issue or provide the insights reflecting proxy indicators towards real-world events. Understanding the demographics of social media users can increase the potential for applications of sentiment analysis, topic modeling, and other analytical tasks. To map demographics, we need to know the latent attributes of users, such as age, gender, occupation and location of residence. Since this attribute is not directly available, we need to do some inference from the social media data. This study aims to predict the gender attribute given a Twitter user account. We conducted experiments with several supervised classifiers with feature extraction, including the use of word embedding representations. The results of this study indicate that the combination of features extracted from Tweet contents and user profile structured data can predict the gender of Twitter users in Indonesia with accuracy above 80%.
Insecurity and Anxiety in Northeast Nigeria and Boko Haram Agenda Conspiracy Theories: Lake Chad Basin’s Oil and Water Polemics
Authors:   Social Science Units, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Abada Felicia C. , Chidi-Igbokwe Mary-Isabella A. ,   Theatre & Film Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Ejezie Chinedu ,   Political Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Alio Nneka ,   Theatre & Film Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Aniago Emeka ,   Theatre & Film Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Published: January 2023

In Nigeria and other nations with their territory being part of the Lake Chad Basin, anxiety is high and growing because Boko Haram’s “strident messages exacerbate intra-Muslim tensions and worsen Muslim-Christian relations in the region” (Thurston 2016: 5). In addition, because the agenda of Boko Haram appear jumbled and its sponsors indistinct, curiosity has led to the conceptualization of theories aimed at providing illumination. The study interpretively discusses how insecurity and anxieties in northeast Nigeria resulting from Boko Haram’s insurgency propel the articulation of several conspiracy theories explaining Boko Haram’s emergence, evolution and agenda, and the areas where lack of consensus subsists. The study classifies the theories into three categories, namely, the Freedom Fighter and Soldiers of Faith, Proxy Political Tool, and Islamic Caliphate Quest theories, and examines their suppositions and arguments to highlight the degree of plausibility. Substantially, the study expands the ‘Islamic Caliphate Quest’ theory to include the place of ‘oil’ and ‘water’ as likely variables that illuminate other trajectories.
Narratives of Plague in Arab Societies through the Lens of Select Western Travelers
Authors:   University of Bisha, Saudi Arabia, Al-Moghales Mashhoor Abdu , Adel Abdel-Fattah M. , Ahmad Suhail , Choudhury Monir A ,   University of Bisha, Saudi Arabia, JanMohamed Abdul R. ,   Department of English, University of California, Berkeley, USA
Published: January 2023

To examine the narratives of plagues in Arab societies, the paper, along with the postcolonial perspectives, uses the concepts like ‘empathy’ or ‘detached concern’ to bring fresh and new understanding of the travel texts. It selected John Antes’ Observations on the Manners and Customs of the Egyptians, the Overflowing of the Nile and its Effects (1800) and Richard F. Burton’s Personal Narrative of a Pilgrimage to El-Medinah and Meccah (1857) for the study. The paper analyses their narratives to understand their approaches in describing the ‘native’ Arab societies. The key findings show that while Burton tends to construct the people and their culture as ‘the Other’ although his mode of presentation tends to follow a mode of ‘detached concern’, Antes is, on the other hand, more objective but stood by the plague-infected people in empathy. The findings show that these Western travellers considered the concept of predestination, lack of quarantine, lack of sanitation, mass gatherings during the plague, and the unscientific local treatments as the root causes of the spread of the plagues among the ‘natives’.
The Effects of Social Media Networking on the Academic Performances of Students
Authors:   Universitas Bengkulu., Manap Somantri , Sumarsih  , Kartiwi Asti P. , Karwati Lilis
Published: January 2023

While there are more subtle functional contrasts between current cell phones and exemplary PCs, one distinction is still there: cells are almost consistently with you and allow you to interface with different administrations and organizations at practically anytime and any place. Present-day young people, who are oftentimes alluded to be “advanced locals” or “Homo Zappiens” because of their ability to all the while interacting with different enlightening channels, are being depicted as evolving. All in all, advanced youngsters are multitaskers. Undergraduates and postgraduates are supposedly the quickest adopters of wireless innovation, as per the reports taken in Indonesian Colleges and Universities. Moreover, new information recommends that incessant utilization of mobile phones might adversely affect youngsters’ well-being and conduct. In this way, utilizing an enormous example of undergraduate and postgraduate students in Indonesia (N = 298) and messaging (N = 298), we investigated the impacts of mobile phone use overall (N = 298) and messaging (N = 298). It was anticipated that nervousness and Scholastic Execution (GPA) would go about as go-between in the relationship. Two distinct way models showed that the messaging and mobile phone use models fit the information well in general. Thusly, GPA was well associated with SWL while tension was antagonistically connected with SWL. PDA use and messaging were adversely connected with GPA and emphatically connected with uneasiness. These outcomes add to the conversation around the utilization of phones by undergraduates and postgraduates and how this utilization might adversely affect learning, emotional wellness, and abstract prosperity or joy.
Racial Prejudice and Gender Discrimination against Northeast Indians amidst COVID-19
Authors:   Department of Basic Sciences & Humanities Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology Mizoram., Lalrinawmi Debbie , Shuchi  ,   Department of Basic Sciences & Humanities Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology Mizoram
Published: January 2023

The outburst of the COVID-19 pandemic has been largely racialized. With its origin rooted in China, Asians across the globe experienced labelling to be responsible for the pandemic. Asians or mongoloid looking individuals suffered discrimination, and contempt worldwide. In India, the pandemic restored and re-established the social problem i.e. racialism against the Northeast Indians which has been tackled over the years. While most of the Indians have non-mongoloid looks, the Northeast Indians are mainly Asiatic race. As such, they have Asian looks though Indian in blood. The fight of the Northeast Indians has been double. They have to fight against the virus as everyone, and against the negative mindset of their fellow Indians against them. The Indian government, as such, promptly established a committee to look into the matter. But there has been no law against it which makes it hard to act accordingly. Besides the racial affliction, there existed gender discrimination which doubled the affliction of the women of northeast Indians.
Expressões cristalizadas no livro didático de língua portuguesa
Authors: Picoli Larissa
Published: January 2023

Este artigo apresenta uma discussão sobre as Expressões Cristalizadas, como Eva tem horas e Eva ficou pra semente, e a maneira como os livros didáticos de Língua Portuguesa do primeiro ano do ensino médio tratam desse assunto. O estudo das expressões cristalizadas na sala de aula é relevante tendo em vista que empregamos expressões a todo o momento, seja na língua falada ou na escrita, por meio de variados gêneros textuais, formais ou informais. Um falante nativo, normalmente, consegue perceber o sentido dessas expressões, todavia, alguém que está aprendendo a Língua Portuguesa pode ter dificuldade para interpretar essas expressões e imaginar situações improváveis, pois buscaria o sentido literal, composicional da expressão. Por meio do estudo das expressões cristalizadas, os estudantes podem refletir sobre a língua em uso, já que essas construções permitem uma análise lexical, semântica e sintática dos elementos da frase. Com isso, esse trabalho se baseia no modelo teórico-metodológico do Léxico-Gramática, proposto por Maurice Gross (1975), para nos fundamentarmos quanto às propriedades das expressões cristalizadas.