bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Edukasi Peningkatan Kesiapsiagaan Masyarakat dalam Menghadapi Bencana Banjir di Kelurahan Mangga Dua Selatan Kecamatan Sawah Besar Kota Jakarta Pusat
Authors: La Ramba Hardin , Yari Yarwin , Kristoforus Marselinus , Heriyanto Sandra
Published: February 2025

Disasters are events that cause numerous casualties and result in significant property loss. Climate change, urbanization, rapid urban migration, and environmental degradation are major risk factors that exacerbate disasters and their impacts. This community service activity aims to enhance public preparedness in facing flood disasters. The method used involves lectures or material explanations on flood disaster preparedness, delivered directly to the heads of neighborhood associations (RT/RW) in the Mangga Dua Selatan sub-district, Central Jakarta. The session is followed by a question-and-answer discussion. Pre-test and post-test questions are given to the community to assess their knowledge of disaster management, flood disaster awareness, and their level of preparedness.Based on data tabulation and interpretation, community preparedness in facing flood disasters is primarily based on individual experiences. The community does not yet have uniform and structured knowledge regarding disaster preparedness. However, the health education provided has yielded positive results in improving flood disaster preparedness. The future program plan includes conducting disaster simulations for the community to further enhance their preparedness.
Persiapan Peningkatan Kemandirian dan Produktivitas ODGJ Melalui Edukasi Perawatan Diri, Social Skill Trainning, dan Psikoedukasi Keluarga pada Fase Recovery
Authors: Fitria Dian , Setyaningsih Tri , Silalahi Malianti , Rosliany Nia , Juliani Enni , Dameria Dameria
Published: February 2025

The recovery phase is an important phase for patients to be able to return to society and recover, be independent and productive. Failure in this phase results in relapse and readmission of the patient to health services. Recovery is not just a patient going to the hospital and taking medication, but it is more complex than that, it requires support from the family. Education on the importance of self-care, communication and social interaction for patients and family psychoeducation are the intervention packages provided in this activity program. This program aims to increase patient self-esteem so that they can communicate and interact socially, as capital to return to being independent and productive in society. This activity was carried out at social rehabilitation in Central Jakarta for all 20 patients and families. The method used is to provide education containing self-care knowledge for patients and family psychoeducation. The results of this activity increase the patient's knowledge and ability to care for themselves, communicate and social interaction, followed by an increase in the family's ability to care for the patient and carry out stress management. This program hoped that through this activity patients can recover, reduce patient recurrence rates, increase patient independence and productivity with support from family and community
Comparison of the effects of copper chlorophyllin, riboxin, indralin and the combined use of glutathione and ascorbic acid on the survival of mice during fractionated X-ray irradiation
Authors: Romodin L. A. , Moskovskij A. A. , Nikitenko O. V. , Bychkova T. M. , Rodionova E. D.
Published: February 2025

Introduction. The problem of effectiveness and safe pharmacological means of reducing the consequences of exposure to the ionizing effect is becoming increasingly urgent. This solution is difficult due to the high chemical toxicity of all known modern effective radioprotectors. Nowadays, much attention is paid to the study of the radioprotective properties of the so-called effects. But in most of these works, the experimental model was subjected to a one-time acute irradiation. At the same time, a safe and effective radioprotective drug under conditions of fractionated irradiation will be useful in radiation therapy for oncological diseases and during space missions, as well as in conditions of radiation contamination of territories.

Aim. Comparison of the radioprotective effect of copper chlorophyllin, riboxin, also called inosine, and the combined use of glutathione and ascorbic acid with that of the reference Russian radioprotector indralin during fractionated exposure to X-ray radiation.

Materials and methods. Male ICR (CD-1) mice were exposed to five daily irradiations of 2.5 Gy. On the days of each irradiation, experimental animals were administered chlorophyllin (20 μg/g), indralin (50 μg/g) in a solution of tartaric acid or glutathione (250 μg/g) and ascorbic acid (150 μg/g) before irradiation or riboxin (200 μg/g) after irradiation. The survival of mice was assessed within 30 days after the last irradiation.

Result and discussion. Only the use of Riboxin ensured the survival of 10 % of irradiated animals, but without a statistically significant increase in the average life expectancy of dead animals relative to the group of intact mice. A significant increase in this parameter was provided only by the use of indralin. Copper chlorophyllin had no radioprotective effect. Perhaps the use of metal-free chlorophyll derivatives in the future will be able to have a radioprotective effect under these conditions. The combined use of glutathione and ascorbic acid led to the death of 2 out of 10 mice during the period of irradiation and drug administration, without providing an increase in survival during the observation period.

Conclusion. The use of copper chlorophyllin and glutathione with ascorbic acid did not increase the survival rate and average life expectancy of deceased mice irradiated at a dose of 12.5 Gy, distributed into 5 fractions of 2.5 Gy. The use of indralin only increased the life expectancy of dead animals. Riboxin contributed to the survival of 10 % of the corresponding group.
Játék? Könyv? Játékkönyv!
Authors: Látics Barbara
Published: February 2025

A lapozgatós játékkönyvek világában az olvasó szabadon mozoghat a cselekményben, maga formálhatja azt. Olvasás közben dönthet arról, hogy milyen helyszíneket barangoljon be, milyen szerepekbe kerüljön, kikkel beszéljen. Választásai pedig hatással lesznek a történet végkimenetelére. A játékkönyvek mint történetmesélési eszközök mind ez idáig kevés tudományos figyelmet kaptak (Arnaudo 2023). Főként külföldi források (Aarseth 1997; Arnaudo 2023; Cook 2021; Fenici–Mosca 2024; Figueiredo–Bidarra 2015) tesznek róluk említést. A hazaiak (Kocsis 2022; Manxhuka 2022; Tisza 2022) egy-egy konkrét könyv felől ismertetik sajátosságaikat, s nem általánosságban. A szakirodalom nemcsak elhanyagolja, de esetenként degradálja vagy pontatlan megállapításokat fogalmaz meg velük kapcsolatban (Arnaudo 2023). Írásom célja a lapozgatós játékkönyv mint nem lineáris narratíva komplex bemutatása. Először sajátosságaikat összegzem regények és szakirodalmi források alapján, ezt követően ismertetem a hipertextualitás megjelenési formáit. A határterületeiket illetően szó lesz szótárregényekről, filmművészetről és videójátékokról is. Történeti hátterük kapcsán főként az 1980-as évek népszerű kalandkönyvei kerülnek előtérbe: a Kaland, Játék, Kockázat és a Choose Your Own Adventure című sorozatok. Napjainkban a lapozgatósok – a fantasy zsáneréből kilépve – meseként és ifjúsági regényként is hódítanak. Végezetül ezek közül ismertetek néhány konkrét művet, főként a pedagógiai hasznosíthatóságukra helyezve a hangsúlyt.
Engaging Residents in Planning a Community Garden: A Strategy for Enhancing Participation Through Relevant Messaging - Appendix
Authors: Ramos Athena , Trinidad Natalia , Bickford Sonja H. , Bickford Nate , Torquati Julia , Mushi Maria
Published: February 2025

Community Survey
From Parental Cooperation to Parental Participation: Exploring the Development of “Relevant Person” Status in the Children’s Hearings System and Implications for Reform
Authors: Evans Alyson
Published: February 2025

In 2023 the most recent review of the children’s hearings system, carried out by the Hearings System Working Group, reaffirmed the centrality of parental involvement in decision making that has always characterised children’s hearings. Alongside this, the Group highlighted the “increasingly complex legislative and rights-based environment” of a modern children’s hearing. This article explores the connection between these two conclusions and their implications for future practice within, and reform of, the children’s hearings system. It is concluded that while parental involvement in decision-making has always been a feature of the children’s hearings system there has been a shift from that involvement being about co-operating with the decision maker to address the child’s needs towards a recognition of the participation rights of the parent. This shift has contributed to increased legal technicality in the children’s hearings system; something which places more onus on the skills of children’s panel members and children’s reporters to practice in a manner that does not compromise the inquisitorial and less formal atmosphere characteristic of the children’s hearings system. While significant, this increased onus does not necessitate law reform. Rather it can be responded to by greater consideration of how the non-legally qualified actors in the system can be supported under the current legislation to enhance their knowledge and skills to implement the technical legislation more fully in practice.
Separación y planes de reunificación familiar después de la deportación a México desde Estados Unidos
Authors: Hamilton Erin R. , Langer Paola , Masferrer Claudia
Published: February 2025

El objetivo del artículo es analizar cómo las familias planean reorganizarse tras la separación forzada de padres e hijos utilizando datos de encuestas que cuantifican los planes de reunificación de padres deportados de Estados Unidos a México entre 2015 y 2019. Se utilizan registros administrativos estadounidenses y datos de la Encuesta sobre Migración en la Frontera Norte de México para estimar el número de adultos mexicanos deportados que fueron separados de sus hijos y sus planes de reunificación. Durante este período, hubo entre 97 000 y 105 000 adultos mexicanos que fueron deportados y separados de sus hijos menores de edad en Estados Unidos. De estos, 39 por ciento planeaba permanecer separado, 20 por ciento reunificarse en EE. UU. y 11 por ciento planeaba reunificarse en México. Además, se discute la necesidad de una mayor discrecionalidad judicial en las audiencias de deportación para proteger el bienestar de los menores migrantes
Climate change in the Himalayan region: susceptible impacts on environment and human settlements
Authors: Matta Gagan , Kumar Amit , Singh Tomar Dharmendra , Kumar Rupesh
Published: February 2025

The Himalayan region, home to the world’s highest mountain ranges, is an ecological and cultural hotspot crucial for the livelihood of nearly two billion people downstream. However, it faces significant vulnerabilities due to climate change, which threatens its fragile ecosystems and socio-economic frameworks. Notably, environmental risks include glacier retreat, biodiversity loss, and shifting water supplies, with adverse consequences for water availability and agricultural productivity. These climatic shifts exacerbate social and economic pressures, disrupting agro-based livelihoods, damaging infrastructure, and intensifying the frequency and severity of extreme weather events. This study highlights the urgent need for region-specific, sustainable development policies that integrate improved climate monitoring, ecosystem-based adaptation, and the synergy between indigenous knowledge and scientific advancements. A comprehensive framework is proposed to safeguard both ecological and socio-economic resilience in the face of ongoing climate change challenges in the Himalayas.
Research on the interface design of ASD children intervention APP based on Kano-entropy weight method
Authors: Zhang Bingchen , Qi Yunlin , Yang Yuling , Zhang Jiping
Published: February 2025

Background

In recent years, there has been a notable increase in the prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) among children in China. To enhance the efficacy of ASD intervention apps and streamline the design process for designers, this study proposes an interface design research method for ASD intervention apps based on the Kano-entropy weight method.

Methods

First, the basic research process for ASD children is extracted by combining the characteristics of the Kano model and the entropy method. Additionally, representative app samples currently available on the market are collected and organized. Subsequently, the representative needs of ASD children are subjected to analysis and synthesis. Secondly, the data obtained from the questionnaires are organized, and the entropy method is employed to calculate the weight of the need indicators. Subsequently, the characteristics of the intervention apps and the magnitude of the weight values are employed in the analysis of different categories of needs. The case design practice is conducted with a focus on strengthening the effectiveness of the intervention apps from a human-computer interaction perspective, with a particular emphasis on relevant ASD children’s intervention training. The study employs the Kano-entropy weight method to analyze the demand indicators for ASD intervention apps in terms of content, usability, and visual design through survey analysis.

Results

This study compiled 26 pieces of user demand information, extracted 17 specific indicators, and classified them into three types: content-based, operable, and visual. The interface design of the intervention app focuses on improving emotional abilities. Further enrich the content of the ASD children’s intervention app, improve its operation, enhance visual appeal, provide reference and basis for subsequent related designs, and improve the effectiveness of intervention training.

Conclusions

The objective is to enhance the efficacy of the apps from the perspective of human-computer interaction. This endeavor seeks to furnish pertinent theoretical references for the design of navigation interfaces for intervention apps and to provide effective assistance to educators and designers.
Changes in rat plasma proteomes during the first week after birth
Authors: Wei Lilong , Guo Zheng-guang , Wei Jing , Zhou Yun , Sun Wei , Han Chengwu
Published: February 2025

Blood plasma is the most informative body fluid, containing large amounts of substances that are released by active secretion or leakage from tissues and cells. Therefore, plasma changes reflect the body state. To explore changes in plasma during the early life of Wistar-rats, the plasma proteomes of newborn and first-week rats were investigated using liquid chromatography—tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 639 proteins were identified at both developmental stages and 570 proteins were used for quantitative analysis. The plasma of first-week rats, compared to that in newborn rats using label-free quantification, showed that the levels of 42 proteins significantly increased while those of 17 proteins decreased. Plasma proteomic patterns at both developmental stages can be easily separated using differential protein cluster analysis. Using the Ingenuity Pathway analysis tool, some pathways including LXR/RXR Activation, DHCR24 Signaling Pathway, Acute Phase Response Signaling, and Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species were significantly enhanced. Over 10 categories related to the development and functions were enriched. Plasma proteomes of first-week rats were distinct from those of newborn rats. These changes would make it easier for newborn rats to survive. This is the first study using liquid chromatography—tandem mass spectrometry to investigate newborn rat plasma proteome changes, providing a basis and clues for studying animal development.
Open Active Transparency in Spain: Regional Conglomerates and the Role of Accounting Information
Authors: Curto-Rodríguez Ricardo , Marcos-Sánchez Rafael , Ferrández Daniel
Published: February 2025

Active transparency is developed through the provision of information by public administrations. However, for this information to be reusable, it must be offered through free licenses and open formats, two characteristics present in open data. This paper aims to investigate the disclosure of information associated with active transparency that Spanish autonomous communities performed through open data in December 2023, ten years after the approval of Law 19/2013 on transparency, access to public information, and good governance, indicating their performance for comparison among them. Despite the modest magnitude of the observed scores, the disparities among the autonomous communities are substantial. Consequently, the cluster analysis identifies distinct groups of communities, which have been designated as “advanced”, “intermediate”, and “lagging”. Furthermore, while the balance between the accounting data block and the information block pertaining to the governors and the destination of spending is achieved for two-thirds of the autonomous communities, the remaining third exhibits a notable dearth of attention to accounting information.
Characterization of a Fragmentation in a Highly Elliptical Orbit via an Optical Multi-Observatory Survey Strategy
Authors: Rossetti Matteo , Cimino Lorenzo , Mariani Lorenzo , Varanese Simone , Zarcone Gaetano , Alessi Elisa Maria , Rossi Alessandro , Nastasi Alessandro , Arcidiacono Carmelo , Zaggia Simone , Simioni Matteo , Biagini Alfredo , Di Cecco Alessandra , Piergentili Fabrizio
Published: February 2025

Surveys of fragmentations, especially in the early stages of the given event, are fundamental for determining the number of fragments, identifying and cataloging them, and monitoring their future evolution. The development of a ground-based optical survey strategy, i.e., a suitable observation and detection method for the fragments generated by these events, is an important contribution to acquiring data and monitoring these catastrophic phenomena. An optical survey offers an interesting and cost-effective method that supports radar operations in the Low Earth Orbit regime and can monitor higher orbits where radar cannot be used. This paper presents a developed optical survey strategy for multi-observatory observations. The strategy was tested on the fragmentation event of FREGAT R/B CLUSTER 2, a rocket body with a “dummy” payload, fragmented on 8 April 2024 on a Highly Elliptical Orbit. The observational campaign involved different observatory systems, and it represented a key collaboration within the Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee. The survey started from a simulation of the cloud of fragments and was implemented by the planification and coordination of different observatory systems with different schemes and methods to scan the sky vault. The acquired survey data were analyzed using machine learning methods to identify the unknown objects, i.e., the fragments. The data acquired were compared with the simulated cloud used for the survey, and a correlation of measurements belonging to the same object was performed. Also, the parent body was characterized in its tumbling motion by the light curve acquisition.
Decoding Soil Color: Origins, Influences, and Methods of Analysis
Authors: Sirisathitkul Yaowarat , Sirisathitkul Chitnarong
Published: February 2025

Soil color serves as a critical indicator of its properties and conditions. It is shaped by a complex interplay of mineral and organic matter content, moisture levels, and other environmental variables. Additionally, human activities such as land-use changes and intensive agricultural practices can profoundly alter soil color. Soil color, driven by the presence of organic matter, plays a crucial role in understanding soil fertility. Its strong correlation with soil organic carbon content makes it a valuable parameter for assessing soil quality in agricultural practices. A variety of techniques have been developed to measure soil color, ranging from traditional Munsell color matching to modern color meters. Digital image colorimetry enables rapid on-site assessments of soil color, but environmental conditions such as soil water content and lighting conditions should be considered. Spectroscopic methods, particularly diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, pave the way for a more reliable and accurate composition analysis. Advances in remote sensing and computational methods are combined to explore the intricate relationships between soil color and environmental factors. Such an integrated approach not only enhances scalability but also leads to more insights and actionable strategies for environmental management and sustainable agriculture.
Changes of Catalase and Peroxidase Activity and Expression Under Cold Stress in Prunus persica Cultivars with Different Cold Tolerances
Authors: Vodiasova Ekaterina , Chelebieva Elina , Kladchenko Ekaterina , Grebennikova Oksana , Uppe Victoria , Tsiupka Valentina , Dolgov Sergey , Smykov Anatoly
Published: February 2025

Peach is one of the most common stone fruit crops, but it is also the most thermophilic. One of the main problems in peach cultivation is frost up to −8 °C in spring during pollen development, budding, and flowering. The adaptation of the plant to low temperatures could be related to the activation of the antioxidant system under cold stress. The aim of this work was to test the hypothesis of distinct adaptation mechanisms to cold stress in Prunus persica L. cultivars with various cold tolerances. The difference between this study and the previous ones is that previously, only contrasting varieties (resistant and sensitive) were studied. For the first time, we studied the effect of cold stress on cold-resistant varieties but with different degrees of resistance, such as “Loadel” and “Springold” (medium resistant) and “Podarok Like” and “Temisovskij” (highly resistant). The experiment was designed to simulate the effects of short-term cold snaps, which are a common occurrence during February and March in the south of Crimea. A series of tests were conducted on annual shoots that were frozen at −12 °C. The activity and gene expression of two major antioxidant enzymes, catalase and peroxidase, were studied by spectrophotometry and RT-qPCR, respectively. The experiment showed that these enzymes responded differently to cold stress in varieties with different cold tolerances. Catalase responded similarly in all four varieties. After frost, there was an increase in activity (7-fold in “Temisovskij” and 3-fold in “Podarok Like”) and a decrease in expression. In contrast to catalase, peroxidase showed an opposite response to cold stress in medium-tolerant and highly tolerant cultivars. Peroxidase activity after exposure to low temperatures increased in highly tolerant cultivars (1.5-fold in “Temisovskij”), while it decreased in medium-tolerant cultivars (1.5–2 fold in “Springold” and “Loadel”, respectively). The change in peroxidase expression was the opposite. It decreased in highly resistant varieties and increased in medium-resistant varieties. Thus, our results revealed the opposite response of one of the major antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase) in moderately resistant and highly resistant cultivars. The data obtained show that varieties with a high degree of resistance could have other adaptation mechanisms involved, which may be useful for selecting resistant varieties.
Peanut Growth Promotion and Biocontrol of Blight by Sclerotium rolfsii with Rhizosphere Bacterium, Bacillus siamensis YB-1632
Authors: Chang Yinghang , Dong Qianqian , Zhang Limei , Goodwin Paul H. , Xu Wen , Xia Mingcong , Zhang Jie , Sun Runhong , Wu Chao , Wu Kun , Xu Shuxia , Yang Lirong
Published: February 2025

A total of 34 strains of bacteria were isolated from peanut rhizosphere soil, and all showed some in vitro inhibition of the pathogen Sclerotium rolfsii in co-culture. Strain YB-1632 produced the highest level of inhibition and also produced relatively high levels of biofilm in culture. Cell-free culture extracts and volatiles from it were also inhibitory to S. rolfsii. Based on 16S rDNA, gyrA, and gyrB sequences, it was identified as Bacillus siamensis. In the greenhouse, seed treatment resulted in a level of control of peanut sclerotium blight (PSB) comparable to that of a standard fungicide seed treatment. In addition to its antifungal activity, YB-1632 could induce disease resistance in peanut seedlings based on increasing peanut defense enzyme activities and gene expression. The priming of defense gene expression against a necrotrophic pathogen is consistent with Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR). In addition, YB-1632 produced enzyme activities in culture associated with root colonization and plant growth promotion. In the greenhouse, it increased peanut seedling growth, indicating the YB-1632 is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR). In summary, YB-1632 is a promising novel PSB biocontrol agent and PGPR of peanut.
Malted Barley as a Potential Feed Supplementation for the Reduction of Enteric Methane Emissions, Rumen Digestibility, and Microbiome Community Changes in Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Min Byeng Ryel , Yutaka Uyeno , Ismael Hossam , Abdo Heba , Chaudhary Santosh , Hilaire Mariline , Kanyi Vivian
Published: February 2025

Three sets of in vitro rumen fermentation experiments were conducted to determine the effects of diets that included malted barley (MB) and basal diets (grain- and forage-based) on the in vitro gas production, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, rumen fermentation profiles, and microbiome changes in the rumen when supplemented with feedlot or dairy rations. The first experiment (Exp. 1) was conducted to evaluate the effects of various levels of MB (0% [referred to as a control], 10%, 20%, and 30%, as-fed basis) supplemented with a grain-based diet in a feedlot ration (2.5 g/bottle) after 48 h ruminal incubation on the in vitro gas production, GHG emissions, and rumen fermentation rate. The second two sets of in vitro experiments (Exp. 2a, b) were conducted to determine (1) the effects of linear dose levels of malted barley (MB; 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% as-fed) with two different basal diets (grain-based and forage-based) and (2) the effects of different sources of MB (control, Korean, Canadian, and the USA; 30% MB, as-fed) in a dairy ration after 24 h incubation on in vitro gas production, rumen fermentation profiles, GHG emissions (methane [CH4] and nitrous oxide [N2O]), in vitro dry matter disappearance rate (IVDMD), and microbiome changes. Commercially available α-amylase (0.2 g/100 mL) was used as a sub-control in Exp. 2a. Using gas chromatography, all gases were collected using an ANKOM Gas Production system and analyzed for CH4 and N2O. In Exp. 1, total gas production, cumulative gas, and GHG productions (CH4, N2O) linearly decreased (p ≤ 0.05) with increasing MB supplementation. In Exp. 2a, cumulative in vitro gas, total gas production, and rumen fermentation profiles (e.g., total VFA, acetate, butyrate, iso-butyrate, valerate, and iso-valerate) linearly decreased (p < 0.05–0.01) with increasing MB supplementation, with diet–treatment interactions (p < 0.001). In addition, CH4 and N2O production (mL/g DM) linearly and quadratically decreased (p < 0.01) with increasing MB supplementation across the diets. However, IVDMD linearly and/or quadratically increased (p < 0.01) with increasing MB, with diet–treatment interactions (p < 0.001). The average populations of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Spirochaetes were significantly decreased (p < 0.01–0.001) for MB treatment groups compared to the control group. Therefore, it may be possible to suppress methane production directly and indirectly by adding MB and α-amylase by modifying ruminal fermentation profiles.
The Dark Side of the Moon: A Good Adoption Rate Conceals the Unsolved Ethical Problem of Never-Adopted Dogs
Authors: Corsetti Sara , Natoli Eugenia , Malandrucco Livia
Published: February 2025

The no-kill policy for domestic dogs, adopted in Italy in 1991, reflects a growing interest in animal welfare and increases the chances of dogs being adopted and living with a family. However, unadoptable dogs must spend their entire lives in shelters. This paper reports the adoption numbers from the ‘Muratella’ shelter (Rome) during the periods 2012–2016 (first period) and 2018–2022 (second period), illustrating the outcomes of the no-kill policy in a large metropolitan area. Furthermore, it discusses the ethical implications after 34 years of implementing Italian laws on the management of free-ranging dogs. During the first period, 7888 dogs entered the shelter, of which 4247 (53.84%) were adopted and 307 (3.89%) were not adopted. Similarly, during the second period, 8853 dogs entered the shelter, of which 4251 (49.11%) were adopted and 278 (3.16%) remained in the shelter by the end of 2022. Furthermore, we report the fate of unadopted dogs by the end of 2024. Despite the success in adoptions, the small percentage of dogs condemned to lifelong shelter residence still represents a significant number and warrants ethical reflection.
Correction: Yu et al. Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli for Uncomplicated Cystitis: Korean Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System. Antibiotics 2024, 13, 1075
Authors: Yu Seong Hyeon , Jung Seung Il , Lee Seung-Ju , Oh Mi-Mi , Choi Jin Bong , Choi Chang Il , Kim Yeon Joo , Park Dong Jin , Bae Sangrak , Min Seung Ki ,   KAUTII Investigators
Published: February 2025

In the original publication [...]
Insight into the Phenolic Composition of Cabernet Sauvignon Grapevine Berries During Fermentation—Towards the Application of Winery By-Products for Antibacterial Purposes
Authors: Hatem Okba , Seres-Steinbach Anita , Schneider György , Szabó Éva , Kőrösi László
Published: February 2025

Background: Wine production generates significant amounts of grape marc, which can serve as a potential source of bioactive compounds, including polyphenols. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate the polyphenol content of skin and seeds separated from grape marc, and test their extracts against two significant bacteria, Listeria monocytogenes (LM) and Staphylococcus aureus (SA). Methods: A comprehensive analysis of the phenolic composition in the skin, seeds, and juice/wine derived from Cabernet Sauvignon grape berries was conducted over an 18-day fermentation period. High-performance liquid chromatography was performed to identify and quantify the main flavan-3-ols, flavonols, anthocyanins, and stilbenes. In addition, the total phenolic content (TPC) was determined by the Folin–Ciocalteu method. Results: The TPC of both seeds and skins significantly decreased over time. In parallel, the TPC in the wine gradually increased, indicating a release of phenolic compounds into the wine. We found that the TPC in seeds was consistently higher than in the skin at all examined time points. The main flavonoids in seeds were flavan-3-ols (catechin and epicatechin), while anthocyanins (delphinidin-, cyanidin-, petunidin-, peonidin-, and malvidin-3-O-glucoside) were the predominant ones in skins. Crude seed and skin extracts enriched in phenolics were prepared, of which only the crude seed extract was proven effective against LM and SA. Following the time-kill assay, our findings revealed that the minimal bactericidal concentration of the crude seed extract against LM was 5.02 mg/mL after 12 h incubation, demonstrating the eradication of the living bacterial cell number by ~6 log. A 24 h exposure time was required for complete inactivation of SA, but a lower concentration was sufficient (2.54 mg/mL). Conclusions: Grape waste remains a valuable source of polyphenols, with grape seeds, in particular, exhibiting significant antimicrobial activity against certain foodborne pathogens.
Oxidative Stress Induced by Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (NRF2) Dysfunction Aggravates Chronic Inflammation Through the NAD+/SIRT3 Axis and Promotes Renal Injury in Diabetes
Authors: Li Runyuan , Yan Xiaoyu , Zhao Yuanxin , Liu Huan , Wang Jian , Yuan Yuan , Li Qianyuan , Su Jing
Published: February 2025

Diabetic nephropathy (DN), one of the most common and severe microvascular complications of diabetes, significantly increases the risk of renal failure and cardiovascular events. A high-glucose environment can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction in macrophages, which, through remodeling of energy metabolism, mediates the polarization of a pro-inflammatory phenotype and contributes to the formation of a chronic inflammatory microenvironment. Recent studies have found that high-glucose stimulation induces dysregulation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) redox pathway in macrophages, leading to the generation of oxidative stress (OS) that further drives chronic inflammation. Therefore, it is crucial to fully understand how OS affects macrophage phenotypes and functions following NRF2 inhibition. This review analyzes the role of OS induced by NRF2 dysfunction in the chronic inflammation of DN and explores the relationship between OS and macrophage mitochondrial energy metabolism through the NAD⁺/NADH-SIRT3 axis, providing new therapeutic targets for targeting OS to improve the inflammatory microenvironment and vascular damage in DN.
Drilling Optimization by Means of Decision Matrices and VB Tool Applied to Torsional Vibration and MSE Surveillance
Authors: Barboza Thales Rodrigues , Nascimento Andreas , Mantegazini Diunay Zuliani , Reich Matthias
Published: February 2025

Nowadays, the exploration of different deep subsurface energy-related natural resources (oil/gas, natural hydrogen, geothermal, among others) is gaining importance. The exploration of these deep subsurface resources can present several challenges, such as complex lithology to be drilled, high depth to be reached, and considerable rock hardness, among others. In this context, the implementation of methodologies focused on real-time operational efficiency improvement has gained attention. Mechanical specific energy (MSE), rate of penetration (ROP), and even vibrations are key indicators that can be combined and used for drilling process optimization and efficiency improvement. These indicators are linked to operational drilling mechanic parameters, such as weight on bit (WOB), rotary speed (RPM), torque (TOR), and flow rate (FLOW). Despite this, multi-objective research considering both MSE and torsional vibration (stick–slip) has been largely overlooked in drilling optimization studies. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to analyze field data from carbonate reservoirs using a multi-objective optimization approach based on torsional vibration, by means of stick–slip and MSE analyses. The focus is to minimize MSE values and mitigate stick–slip using self-developed decision matrices which consider WOB, RPM, and FLOW as key elements. The research results demonstrated that FLOW is a crucial parameter for minimizing torsional vibrations and should be prioritized in drilling operations, also for mitigating undesirable events. The optimization process yielded optimal WOB values for each RPM range (from 100 to 180 [rev/min]) and FLOW range (from 2200 to 3900 [L/min]). The decision matrix revealed that regions with high desirability correspond to high RPM (above 120 [rev/min]), with WOB varying from 5 to 13 [tf], and FLOW rates above 2300 [L/min]. Critical drilling conditions occur when low RPM, low FLOW, and high WOB (above 13 [tf]) are applied, as these conditions and this combination of parameters are most susceptible to release severe torsional vibrations, indicating a higher risk of operational problems.
Application of Artificial Intelligence in Wind Power Systems
Authors: Bošnjaković Mladen , Martinović Marko , Đokić Kristian
Published: February 2025

Wind energy is an important renewable energy source, and artificial intelligence (AI) plays an important role in improving its efficiency, reliability and cost-effectiveness while minimizing its environmental impact. Based on an analysis of the latest scientific literature, this article examines AI applications for the entire life cycle of wind turbines, including planning, operation and decommissioning. A key focus is on AI-driven maintenance, which reduces downtime, improves reliability and extends the lifetime of the turbines. AI also optimizes the design of wind turbines, particularly in the development of aerodynamically efficient blade shapes through rapid design iterations. In addition, AI helps to reduce the impact on the environment, e.g., by reducing bird collisions, and improves wind energy forecasting, which is essential for balancing energy flows in power systems. Despite its benefits, AI applications face challenges, including algorithmic errors, data accuracy, ethical concerns and cybersecurity risks. Further testing and validation of AI algorithms is needed to ensure their effectiveness in advancing wind energy systems.
Oxygen Isotopic Compositions of San Carlos Olivine Standard NMNH 111312–42
Authors: Qu Kezhen , Wu Hongjie , Tang Guo-Qiang
Published: February 2025

San Carlos olivine geostandard developed by Gene Jarosewich and co-workers at the Smithsonian Institution, named NMNH 111312–44, was the most widespread olivine geostandard used in olivine oxygen isotopic determination. However, the NMNH 111312–44 olivine grains have run out completely. Another set of San Carlos olivine, whose grains are larger, named NMNH 111312–42, was distributed by the Smithsonian Institution. Whether they have the same oxygen isotopic composition is still unclear. This study analyzed the oxygen isotopic compositions of NMNH 111312–42 and NMNH 111312–44, using a CAMECA IMS–1280 secondary ion mass spectrometer. The results show that NMNH 111312–42 (5.28 ± 0.17‰, 1SD, N = 35) and NMNH 111312–44 (5.22 ± 0.16‰, 1SD, N = 29) olivine grains have indistinguishable δ18O values within analytical error, suggesting that NMNH 111312–42 olivine grains can be taken as the same geostandard as NMNH 111312–44 olivine grains for high-precision oxygen isotope analysis.
The Critical Link in the Successful Application of Advanced Clinical Decision Making—Revisiting the Physician–Patient Relationship from a Practical and Pragmatic Perspective
Authors: Musio Franco
Published: February 2025

Advanced clinical decision making has been rapidly evolving, primarily due to the ever-expanding field of healthcare technologies. Moreover, the physician–patient relationship has taken on new complexions, particularly in the realm of shared decision making, which champions patient autonomy, leading to contemporary “personalized medicine”. Models currently studied and employed in clinical decision making and the bonds between physician and patient will be explored to include their intricate interrelationships. Furthermore, both clinical decision making and the physician–patient relationship demonstrate dynamic reciprocal associations with each other in a synergistic fashion. Novel schematics will be highlighted for the elucidation of these labyrinthine processes, and real-life clinical examples will be shared. A strong bond between physicians and patients, particularly through the exercise of shared decision making, is inherent and necessary for the effectuation of clinical decisions and treatment plans. The vital ingredients of trust, empathy, and communication will be elaborated upon as underpinning the goals of thorough and meticulous patient care. Ultimately, the physician–patient relationship acts as a “filter” through which the processes of decision making must pass in order to be implemented. As such, the strength of this alliance is critical in today’s complex era of advanced healthcare technologies.
Collision Avoidance for Wheeled Mobile Robots in Smart Agricultural Systems Using Control Barrier Function Quadratic Programming
Authors: Amertet Sairoel , Gebresenbet Girma
Published: February 2025

The primary challenge is to design feedback controls that enable robots to autonomously reach predetermined destinations while avoiding collisions with obstacles and other robots. Various control algorithms, such as the control barrier function-based quadratic programming (CBF-QP) controller, address collision avoidance problems. Control barrier functions (CBFs) ensure forward invariance, which is critical for guaranteeing safety in robotic collision avoidance within agricultural fields. The goal of this study is to enhance the safety and mitigation of potential collisions in smart agriculture systems. The entire system was simulated in the MATLAB/Simulink environment, and the results demonstrated a 93% improvement in steady-state error over rapidly exploring random tree (RRT). These findings indicate that the proposed controller is highly effective for collision avoidance in smart agricultural systems.
Analysis of Research Hotspots and Trends in Confined-Space Work Safety Based on CiteSpace
Authors: Yang Chunli , Liu Yi , Dong Yan , Hao Shilin , Liu Yan , Qin Yan
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the current state of research on confined-space work safety both domestically and internationally. Utilizing literature from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Web of Science (WoS) databases as primary sources, CiteSpace was employed for a visual knowledge mapping analysis. By comparing the Chinese and English literature, research hotspots and developmental trends in this field across different regions were identified. The results indicate that research on confined-space work safety in China is relatively limited and commenced later than in other regions. There is a low level of cooperation among domestic organizations and authors, and interdisciplinary collaboration needs significant improvement, hindering the advancement of communication within the discipline. In China, research has long focused on accidents and asphyxiation in confined spaces, particularly within industrial and commercial enterprises, with chemical enterprise safety emerging as a potential future research hotspot. Conversely, the English-language literature has historically focused on the mechanisms of accidents, with recent years seeing a diversification of research topics. In the future, the prevention and control of risks associated with confined-space work will likely focus on mitigating risks at the source. This will include incorporating safety considerations during the design stage and utilizing automated technologies to minimize the necessity for personnel entry, thereby reducing inherent risks. This study can help researchers to comprehensively learn hotspots and trends in confined-space work safety in China and internationally, and to identify potential directions for future research.
Correlation Between Co-Design and Psychological Need Satisfaction Based on fNIRs Hyperscanning
Authors: Li Yan , Chen Junxian , Song Wu
Published: February 2025

With the increasing attention paid to user-oriented design and services, the term co-design, a form of user-participatory design, is increasingly mentioned. Previous studies have shown that co-design could better satisfy user needs in process and results, but there are few studies that have been empirically validated through neuroscience methods. Therefore, this study used fNIRS (functional near-infrared spectroscopy) to measure the brain blood oxygen data (HbO2 & Hb) of both “designer” and “user” participants from design and non-design majors during traditional and co-design tasks. The IBS (inter-brain synchronization) between participants was calculated using a wavelet coherence package in Matlab. Research has found significant consistency of DLPFC (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) and BROCA (pars triangularis Broca’s area) was observed in both tasks, with more significance observed in co-design tasks, and IBS activation was significantly positively correlated with need satisfaction rate. The results showed that co-design could better activate DLPFC and BROCA brain regions compared to traditional design, which further supports previous research and expands the possibility of collaborative task paradigms. The increase in co-design IBS compared to traditional design also represents better collaborative performance, and could provide empirical evidence for participatory design based on neuroimaging.
Evaluating the Tribological Properties and Residual Stress of TiCrN Thin Films Deposited by Cathodic-Arc Physical Vapor Deposition Technique
Authors: Mohapatra Sudipta , Oh Min-Suk
Published: February 2025

The present study reports the tribological properties and residual stress of titanium chromium nitride (TiCrN) coatings. Thin films of TiCrN were deposited on tungsten carbide substrates at 400 °C in a vacuum of 5 × 10−6 mbar using the cathodic-arc physical vapor deposition technique with chromium variation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy was employed to probe the structures of the deposited thin films. The phase constituent was found to gradually shift from cubic TiN to cubic CrN. Both the hardness and elastic modulus of the sheet changed from 29.7 to 30.9 GPa and 446 to 495 GPa, respectively. The biaxial compressive residual stress after an initial absolute scan in the range of 30–100° was determined using XRD (d-sin2ψ method). These mechanical and tribological properties of films were investigated with the help of instrumented nanoindentation and a ball-on-disk tribometer wear test. The wear test indicates that the TiCrN thin film, featuring a Cr/Ti ratio of 0.587, exhibits superior wear resistance and maximum compressive residual stress in comparison to other thin films.
Corn-Based Extruded Snacks Supplemented with Bilberry Pomace Powder: Physical, Chemical, Functional, and Sensory Properties
Authors: Blejan Ana Maria , Nour Violeta , Corbu Alexandru Radu , Codină Georgiana Gabriela
Published: February 2025

Corn-based extruded snacks are tasty and very popular food products; however, they have high starch and oil and low bioactive content. The aim of the present study was to improve the functional value of corn-based extruded snacks by enrichment with bilberry pomace powder (BPP). Proximate composition, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, physicochemical properties, including color and texture properties, titratable acidity, expansion ratio, bulk density, water absorption, and water solubility index were evaluated in snacks supplemented with BPP at 2%, 4%, and 6% addition levels compared with the control. The results showed that protein, fiber, and ash content increased with increasing addition levels of BPP. The fiber content increased in the extruded products by about 2.7 times at the 6% BPP addition level compared to the control. The addition of 4% and 6% BPP did not worsen the expansion ratio and hardness of the snacks but significantly decreased their cohesiveness, gumminess, resilience, chewiness, and fracturability. Total phenolic content increased by about 54%, 86%, and 118% for the 2%, 4%, and 6% addition levels, respectively, compared to the control. Based on the results, enrichment with 6% BPP produced a new healthy and attractive snack, which could be recommended for commercial production.