bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Process evaluation of paediatric fellowship training programs at a University Hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Saeed Sana , Chand Prem , Sulaiman Asna , Nisar Imran , Humayun Khadija Nuzhat , Malik Marib Ghulam Rasool , Jehan Fyezah
Published: August 2023

Background

Fellowship programs offer training in a subspecialty focusing on distinct and advanced clinical/academic skills. This advanced postgraduate training allows physicians, who desire a more specialized practice, to further develop clinical, academic, research, and leadership/administrative skills. The Aga Khan University (AKU) is one of the few institutes offering paediatric sub-specialty training in Pakistan. We aimed to evaluate the current Paediatric fellowship programs at AKU.

Methods

Process evaluation of six paediatric fellowship programs (cardiology, neurology, endocrinology, critical care medicine, neonatology, and infectious disease) was conducted from September 2020 to April 2021 by senior clinicians and medical educationists. Evidence was collected through document review (using existing postgraduate medical education program information form), observation of teaching and learning support, and focused group discussions/interviews with program faculty and fellows were conducted. A review of the evaluation report was done as part of this study. This study received an exemption from the ethical review committee. The quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS (22.0) while the reports of discussion with fellows and friends underwent content analysis.

Results

All fellowship programs met the criteria for having a robust competency-based fellowship curriculum as per the institutional and national guidelines. Formative assessment in the form of continuous evaluation was found to be integrated into all the fellowship programs, however, most of the programs were found to lack a summative assessment plan. Fellows in training and program faculty were satisfied with the opportunities for mentorship, teaching, and learning. Thematic analysis of the discussion reports with faculty and fellows revealed three key themes including, program aspects translating into strengthening the training, gaps in the training program in delivering the expectations, and making ways to reach par excellence.

Conclusions

The process evaluation of paediatric fellowship programs provided an opportunity to holistically review the current strengths and quality of the training in individual programs along with the unmet needs of the trainees. This will help the program stakeholders to prioritize, align and allocate the resources to further enhance the quality of training and outcome of individual fellowship programs to ensure wider impacts at a regional, national, and international health system level.
Improving the technical efficiency of public health centers in Cambodia: a two-stage data envelopment analysis
Authors: Beiter Dominik , Koy Sokunthea , Flessa Steffen
Published: August 2023

Background

Cambodia is undergoing a series of reforms with the objective of reaching universal health coverage. Information on the causes of inefficiencies in health facilities could pave the way for a better utilization of limited resources available to ensure the best possible health care for the population.

Objectives

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the technical efficiency of health centers and the determinants for inefficiencies.

Methods

This cross-sectional study used secondary data from a costing study on 43 health centers in six Cambodian provinces (2016–2017). Firstly, the Data Envelopment Analysis method with output-orientation was applied to calculate efficiency scores by selecting multiple input and output variables. Secondly, a tobit regression was performed to analyze potential explanatory variables that could influence the inefficiency of health centers.

Results

Study findings showed that 18 (43%) health centers were operating inefficiently with reference to the variable returns to scale efficiency frontier and had a mean pure technical efficiency score of 0.87. Overall, 22 (51%) revealed deficits in producing outputs at an optimal scale size. Distance to the next referral hospital, size and quality performance of the health centers were significantly correlated with health center inefficiencies.

Conclusion

Differences in efficiency exist among health centers in Cambodia. Inefficient health centers can improve their technical efficiency by increasing the utilization and quality of health services, even if it involves higher costs. Technical efficiency should be continuously monitored to observe changes in health center performance over time.
Disparities in healthcare utilization by insurance status among patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease
Authors: Witrick Brian , Kalbaugh Corey A. , Mayo Rachel , Hendricks Brian , Shi Lu
Published: August 2023

Background

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a common circulatory disorder associated with increased hospitalizations and significant health care-related expenditures. Among patients with PAD, insurance status is an important determinant of health care utilization, treatment of disease, and treatment outcomes. However, little is known about PAD-costs differences across different insurance providers. In this study we examined possible disparities in length of stay and total charge of inpatient hospitalizations among patients with PAD by insurance type.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of length of stay and total charge by insurance provider for all hospitalizations for individuals with PAD in South Carolina (2010–2018). Cross-classified multilevel modeling was applied to account for the non-nested hierarchical structure of the data, with county and hospital included as random effects. Analyses were adjusted for patient age, race/ethnicity, county, year of admission, admission type, all-patient refined diagnostic groups, and Charlson comorbidity index.

Results

Among 385,018 hospitalizations for individuals with PAD in South Carolina, the median length of stay was 4 days (IQR: 5) and the median total charge of hospitalization was $43,232 (IQR: $52,405). Length of stay and total charge varied significantly by insurance provider. Medicare patients had increased length of stay (IRR = 1.08, 95 CI%: 1.07, 1.09) and higher total charges (β: 0.012, 95% CI: 0.007, 0.178) than patients with private insurance. Medicaid patients also had increased length of stay (IRR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.24,1.28) but had lower total charges (β: -0.022, 95% CI: -0.003. -0.015) than patients with private insurance.

Conclusions

Insurance status was associated with inpatient length of stay and total charges in patients with PAD. It is essential that Medicare and Medicaid individuals with PAD receive proper management and care of their PAD, particularly in the primary care settings, to prevent hospitalizations and reduce the excess burden on these patients.
Assessing the mediating role of motivation in the relationship between perceived management support and perceived job satisfaction among family doctors in Jiangsu province, China
Authors: Xu Xinglong , Zhou Lulin , Ampon-Wireko Sabina , Quansah Prince Ewudzie
Published: August 2023

Background

The study aimed to examine the influence of perceived management support on job satisfaction through the mediating role of motivation among family doctors in the Jiangsu province of China.

Methods

Six dimensions of motivation were employed as mediators in the association between perceived management support and job satisfaction in collecting data to analyze the hypothesized relationships in the present study. A total of 600 questionnaires were distributed to family doctors in Jiangsu province. Structural equation model (SEM) in the analysis of a moment structure (AMOS) version 26 software was used to estimate the path coefficients.

Results

Perceived management support has a significant positive relationship with job satisfaction. Motivation had a fully mediated relationship with the association between perceived management support and job satisfaction.

Conclusions

The study's findings suggest motivation is important in enhancing family doctors’ satisfaction and must not be underestimated. It, therefore, offers diverse recommendations for enhancing motivation among healthcare professionals.
Long-term exposure to polystyrene microplastics triggers premature testicular aging
Authors: Wu Deyi , Zhang Meng , Bao Ting Ting , Lan Hainan
Published: August 2023

Background

Plastic pollution is greatly serious in the ocean and soil. Microplastics (MPs) degraded from plastic has threatened animals and humans health. The accumulation of MPs in the tissues and blood in animals and humans has been found. There is therefore a need to assess the toxicological effects of MPs on the reproductive system.

Results

In this study, we explored the effect of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) on premature testicular aging in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, we found that testicular sertoli cells (TM4 cells) was prematurely senescent following PS-MPs treatment by the evaluation of a range of aging marker molecules (such as Sa-β-gal, p16 and 21). TM4 cells were then employed for in vitro model to study the potential molecular mechanism by which PS-MPs induce the premature senescence of TM4 cells. NF-κB is identified as a key molecule for PS-MPs-induced TM4 cellular senescence. Furthermore, through eliminating reactive oxygen species (ROS), the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) was blocked in PS-MPs-induced senescent TM4 cells, indicating that ROS triggers NF-κB activation. Next, we analyzed the causes of mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) accumulation induced by PS-MPs, and results showed that Ca2+ overload induced the accumulation of mtROS. Further, PS-MPs exposure inhibits mitophagy, leading to the continuous accumulation of senescent cells. In vivo, 8-week-old C57 mice were used as models to assess the effect of PS-MPs on premature testicular aging. The results illustrated that PS-MPs exposure causes premature aging of testicular tissue by testing aging markers. Additionally, PS-MPs led to oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the testicular tissue.

Conclusion

In short, our experimental results revealed that PS-MPs-caused testicular premature aging is dependent on Ca2+/ROS/NF-κB signaling axis. The current study lays the foundation for further exploration of the effects of microplastics on testicular toxicology.
Prevalence of mental disorders among middle school students in Shaoxing, China
Authors: Pei Shuangyi , Wu Xiaoting , Ye Weijiang , Fang Linqi , Zhang Haoqiang , Zhou Fanghua , Du Xiaofei , Cao Xinyi , Ma Shengnan , Li Yuanchu , Xi Shuwen , Xu Pingping
Published: August 2023

Background

In China, adolescents account for about a quarter of those treated for mental disorders each year, and adolescent mental health issues have become a social hotspot. Although several epidemiological surveys of mental disorders have been conducted in China, no study has yet focused on the prevalence of mental disorders among adolescents in a certain region of Zhejiang.

Methods

In the first stage, 8219 middle school students aged 12–18 years in a city of Zhejiang Province (Shaoxing) were screened with the mental health screening checklist. In the second stage, participants who screened positive were tested with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents (MINI-KID) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV). Then, the prevalence of mental disorders were calculated.

Results

The overall prevalence in this population was 12.4%, with prevalence rates exceeding 20% in both the 17- and 18-year-old age groups. The most common mental disorders were obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) (9.1%) and major depressive disorder (MDD) (8.9%).

Conclusions

Mental disorders are common among middle school students, and girls are at higher risk than boys. As the most prevalent mental disorders, OCD and MDD should receive timely attention, especially for upper grade students.
Efficacy of a ‘lethal house lure’ against Culex quinquefasciatus from Bouaké city, Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Tia Innocent Z. , Barreaux Antoine M. G. , Oumbouke Welbeck A. , Koffi Alphonsine A. , Ahoua Alou Ludovic P. , Camara Soromane , Wolie Rosine Z. , Sternberg Eleanore D. , Dahounto Amal , Yapi Gregoire Y. , Thomas Matthew B. , N’Guessan Raphael
Published: August 2023

Background

Eave tube technology is a novel method of insecticide application that uses an electrostatic coating system to boost insecticide efficacy against resistant mosquitoes. A series of previous experiments showed encouraging insecticidal effects against malaria vectors. This study was undertaken to assess the effects of the eave tube approach on other Culicidae, in particular Culex quinquefasciatus, under laboratory and semi-field conditions.

Methods

Larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus from Bouaké were collected and reared to adult stage, and World Health Organization (WHO) cylinder tests were performed to determine their resistance status. WHO standard 3-min cone bioassays were conducted using PermaNet 2.0 netting versus eave tube-treated inserts. To assess the transient exposure effect on Cx. quinquefasciatus, eave tube assay utilizing smelly socks as attractant was performed with exposure time of 30 s, 1 min, and 2 min on 10% beta-cyfluthrin-treated inserts. Residual activity of these treated inserts was then monitored over 9 months. Field tests involving release–recapture of Cx. quinquefasciatus within enclosures around experimental huts fitted with windows and untreated or insecticide-treated eave tubes were conducted to determine house entry preference and the impact of tubes on the survival of this species.

Results

Bouaké Cx. quinquefasciatus displayed high resistance to three out of four classes of insecticides currently used in public health. After 3 min of exposure in cone tests, 10% beta-cyfluthrin-treated inserts induced 100% mortality in Cx. quinquefasciatus, whereas the long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN) only killed 4.5%. With reduced exposure time on the eave tube insert, mortality was still 100% after 2 min, 88% after 1 min, and 44% after 30 s. Mortality following 1 h exposure on 10% beta-cyfluthrin-treated insert was > 80% continuously up to 7 months post-treatment. Data suggest that Cx. quinquefasciatus have a stronger preference for entering a house through the eaves than through windows. Beta-cyfluthrin-treated inserts were able to kill 51% of resistant Cx. quinquefasciatus released within the enclosure.

Conclusions

Eave tubes are a novel method for delivery of insecticide to the house. They attract nuisance host-seeking Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes and are as effective in controlling them as they are against pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae, despite the high level of resistance Cx. quinquefasciatus have developed.

Graphical Abstract
A neuropathologic feature of brain aging: multi-lumen vascular profiles
Authors: Ighodaro Eseosa T. , Shahidehpour Ryan K. , Bachstetter Adam D. , Abner Erin L. , Nelson Ruth S. , Fardo David W. , Shih Andy Y. , Grant Roger I. , Neltner Janna H. , Schmitt Frederick A. , Jicha Gregory A. , Kryscio Richard J. , Wilcock Donna M. , Van Eldik Linda J. , Nelson Peter T.
Published: August 2023

Cerebrovascular pathologies other than frank infarctions are commonly seen in aged brains. Here, we focus on multi-lumen vascular profiles (MVPs), which are characterized by multiple vessel lumens enclosed in a single vascular channel. Little information exists on the prevalence, risk factors, and co-pathologies of MVPs. Therefore, we used samples and data from the University of Kentucky Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center (n = 91), the University of Kentucky Pathology Department (n = 31), and the University of Pittsburgh Pathology Department (n = 4) to study MVPs. Age at death was correlated with MVP density in the frontal neocortex, Brodmann Area 9 (r = 0.51; p < 0.0001). Exploratory analyses were performed to evaluate the association between conventional vascular risk factors (e.g., hypertension, diabetes), cardiovascular diseases (e.g., heart attack, arrhythmia), and cerebrovascular disease (e.g., stroke); the only nominal association with MVP density was a self-reported history of brain trauma (Prevalence Ratio = 2.1; 95 CI 1.1–3.9, before correcting for multiple comparisons). No specific associations were detected between neuropathological (e.g., brain arteriolosclerosis) or genetic (e.g., APOE) variables and MVP density. Using a tissue clearing method called SeeDB, we provide 3-dimensional images of MVPs in brain tissue. We conclude that MVPs are an age-related brain pathology and more work is required to identify their clinical-pathological correlation and associated risk factors.
Ridge mini-implants, a versatile biomechanical anchorage device whose success is significantly enhanced by splinting: a clinical report
Authors: Abu Arqub Sarah , Greene Renee , Greene Sara , Laing Kolbe , Kuo Chia-Ling , Da Cunha Godoy Lucas , Uribe Flavio
Published: August 2023

Objectives

This clinical report aims to highlight the factors affecting the clinical success of alveolar ridge mini-implants used for orthodontic anchorage and provide an overview of the biomechanical versatility of this miniscrew and steps involving the proper technique of its placement.

Methods

For this clinical report, charts for 295 patients who had temporary anchorage devices (TADs) were screened. Twenty patients [15 females and 5 males: mean age = 38.15 ± 15.10 years] with 50 alveolar ridge mini-screws were assessed. A descriptive summary of the main factors affecting their clinical success and the technique employed for their placement was comprehensively discussed and illustrated, in addition to the presentation of some clinical cases illustrating their potential clinical uses.

Results

The survival duration (7.32 ± 9.01 months) and clinical success of the alveolar ridge mini-implants that failed (19/50) seem to be affected primarily by 2 factors: splinting; none of the splinted mini-implants failed (0/10) compared to (19/40) of the single mini-implants that failed, and the length of the used mini-implant; the average length of the mini-implants that did not fail was 9.23 mm. Additionally, it appears that these mini-implants are biomechanically robust and durable, those that did not fail had an average survival duration of 35.97 ± 19.79 months.

Conclusion

Ridge mini-implants offer significant biomechanical versatility in patients with partially edentulous ridges needing complex pre-prosthetic orthodontic movements. The presence of splinting and the length of the used mini-implants are factors that might affect the clinical success of the alveolar ridge mini-implants.
Acute Effects of Single Versus Combined Inhaled β2-Agonists Salbutamol and Formoterol on Time Trial Performance, Lung Function, Metabolic and Endocrine Variables
Authors: Bizjak Daniel A. , Nussbaumer Dorle , Winkert Kay , Treff Gunnar , Takabajashi Kensuke , Mentz Lennart , Schober Franziska , Buhl Jasmine-Lèonike , John Lucas , Dreyhaupt Jens , Steeb Luise , Harps Lukas C. , Parr Maria K. , Diel Patrick , Zügel Martina , Steinacker Jürgen M.
Published: August 2023

Background

High prevalence rates of β2-agonist use among athletes in competitive sports makes it tempting to speculate that illegitimate use of β2-agonists boosts performance. However, data regarding the potential performance-enhancing effects of inhaled β2-agonists and its underlying molecular basis are scarce.

Methods

In total, 24 competitive endurance athletes (12f/12m) participated in a clinical double-blinded balanced four-way block cross-over trial to investigate single versus combined effects of β2-agonists salbutamol (SAL) and formoterol (FOR), to evaluate the potential performance enhancement of SAL (1200 µg, Cyclocaps, Pb Pharma GmbH), FOR (36 µg, Sandoz, HEXAL AG) and SAL + FOR (1200 µg + 36 µg) compared to placebo (PLA, Gelatine capsules containing lactose monohydrate, Pharmacy of the University Hospital Ulm). Measurements included skeletal muscle gene and protein expression, endocrine regulation, urinary/serum β2-agonist concentrations, cardiac markers, cardiopulmonary and lung function testing and the 10-min time trial (TT) performance on a bicycle ergometer as outcome variables. Blood and urine samples were collected pre-, post-, 3 h post- and 24 h post-TT.

Results

Mean power output during TT was not different between study arms. Treatment effects regarding lung function (p < 0.001), echocardiographic (left ventricular end-systolic volume p = 0.037; endocardial global longitudinal strain p < 0.001) and metabolic variables (e.g. NR4A2 and ATF3 pathway) were observed without any influence on performance. In female athletes, total serum β2-agonist concentrations for SAL and FOR were higher. Microarray muscle gene analysis showed a treatment effect for target genes in energy metabolism with strongest effect by SAL + FOR (NR4A2; p = 0.001). Of endocrine variables, follicle-stimulating hormone (3 h Post–Post-TT), luteinizing hormone (3 h Post–Pre-TT) and insulin (Post–Pre-TT) concentrations showed a treatment effect (all p < 0.05).

Conclusions

No endurance performance-enhancing effect for SAL, FOR or SAL + FOR within the permitted dosages compared to PLA was found despite an acute effect on lung and cardiac function as well as endocrine and metabolic variables in healthy participants. The impact of combined β2-agonists on performance and sex-specific thresholds on the molecular and cardiac level and their potential long-term performance enhancing or health effects have still to be determined.

Trial registration: Registered at Eudra CT with the number: 2015-005598-19 (09.12.2015) and DRKS with number DRKS00010574 (16.11.2021, retrospectively registered).
Yang Kun’s academic shifts: from the French Annales School to Marxist ethnology
Authors: Zhou Xing
Published: August 2023

As one of the first generation of Chinese Ethnologists, Yang Kun witnessed the development of Chinese ethnology in the twentieth century. Since his return from France in 1931, he had devoted almost 70 years before his death in 1998 to the teaching and research of Chinese Ethnology. The inheritor of the ethnology of the French Annales School in China, he was committed to promoting the School in China and applying its methodologies in the Chinese context. But after the 1950s, he shifted his academic focus to Marxist ethnology and became one of the founders of Chinese Marxist ethnology. The academic legacy left by Yang Kun has since emerged as a crucial academic foundation for Chinese Ethnology.
The E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme CfRad6 regulates the autophagy and pathogenicity of Colletotrichum fructicola on Camellia oleifera
Authors: Luo Jing , Chen Yan , Guo Yuan , Li He , Zhang Shengpei
Published: August 2023

Anthracnose is a common disease found in Camellia oleifera producing areas across China, whose primary pathogen is Colletotrichum fructicola. We previously revealed that autophagy is essential for the pathogenicity of C. fructicola. However, the function of ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS), which is a parallel protein degradation pathway to autophagy, remains elusive. Here, we report that CfRad6, an E2 conjugating enzyme in UPS, interacts with three putative E3 ubiquitin ligases, namely CfRad18, CfUbr1, and CfBre1. Importantly, we presented evidence showing that CfRad6 negatively regulates autophagy, revealing the first link between UPS and autophagy in pathogenic fungi. Targeted gene deletion showed that CfRad6 is involved in growth and conidiation. We further found that the ΔCfrad6 mutant is defective in appressoria formation and responses to environmental stresses. These combined effects, along with the abnormal autophagy level, lead to the pathogenicity defects of the ΔCfrad6 mutant. Taken together, our study indicates the pleiotropic functions of CfRad6 in the development and pathogenicity of C. fructicola.
d-dimer as a biomarker for COVID-19-associated pulmonary thromboembolism: a narrative review from molecular pathways to the imaging findings
Authors: Beidollahkhani Shadi , Fayedeh Farzad , Shoja Ahmad , Hassan Nejad Ehsan , Hoseinpour Mahdieh , Fazlpour Faezeh , Payandeh Asma , Pezeshki Rad Masoud , Moodi Ghalibaf AmirAli
Published: August 2023

Background

The coronavirus disease 2019, also known as COVID-19, imposed various challenges to healthcare and became a pandemic accompanied by a high rate of mortality. This infection has many manifestations and affects nearly all body systems. The circulatory and coagulation systems also seem to be affected. Studies show elevated rates of thrombotic events within COVID-19 patients such as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and pulmonary embolism (PE). Incidences of such coagulopathies were correlated to poor patient prognosis and mortality. Given the importance, complication, and mortality caused by thrombotic events (TEs) in COVID-19 patients, the goals of this study are to collect and analyze data on coagulopathy in COVID-19 patients and the pathophysiology and molecular events behind it. We also aim to bring attention to the role of d-dimer in COVID-19 infection by presenting the most recent information available from research studies evaluating d-dimer as a potential biomarker for disease severity, as well as mortality in COVID-19 patients.

Main body

Various mechanisms are described for COVID-19 coagulopathies such as endothelial cell dysfunction, fibrinolysis inhibitor overexpression, immuno-thrombosis, and imbalance between pro- and anticoagulants, to name a few. d-dimer which is a degradation product of fibrin is a helpful diagnostic tool for the assessment of clots and thrombosis. Given the pro-thrombotic nature of COVID-19 infection, within the current narrative review, we studied the diagnostic value of d-dimer for PE prediction. Several studies utilized d-dimer as a predictive tool for detecting PE, and the results were varied. Different cutoff points are proposed ranging from 0.5 up to over 4 mg/L with varying sensitivity and specificity. Although CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is the standard model for the prediction of PE, radiation exposure, contrast nephropathy, higher cost, and lack of adequate access can shift our diagnosis into models based on d-dimer.

Short conclusion

In summary, various coagulopathies have been associated with COVID-19 infection, and a safe and early diagnosis is needed. d-dimer showed various successes in PE prediction and can be a good candidate for further research and diagnostic model and algorithm development.
Transformative adaptation: from climate-smart to climate-resilient agriculture
Authors: Hellin Jon , Fisher Eleanor , Taylor Marcus , Bhasme Suhas , Loboguerrero Ana María
Published: August 2023

In response to the climate crisis, there has been much focus on climate-smart agriculture (CSA); namely, technologies and practices that enhance adaptation, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and contribute to food security; the so-called triple win. Success has tended to be measured in terms of the number of farmers adopting CSA with less focus given to the impacts especially on human development. CSA can inadvertently lead to ‘maladaptation’ whereby interventions reinforce existing vulnerabilities either by benefitting powerful elites or by transferring risks and exposure between groups. Such maladaptive outcomes often stem from overly technical adaptation programming that is driven by external objectives and discounts the social and political dynamics of vulnerability. Increasingly a more nuanced picture is emerging. This reveals how a failure to contextualize CSA in relation to the structural socio-economic dynamics associated with agricultural systems that render some categories of farmer especially vulnerable to climate change, undermines CSA’s contribution to reducing rural poverty and increasing equity. In response, there is a growing focus on transformative orientations that pursue a more deep-seated approach to social, institutional, technological and cultural change in order to address the structural contributors to vulnerability and differential exposure to climate risk. Addressing these questions requires a robust consideration of the social contexts and power relations through which agriculture is both researched and practiced. For agriculture to be transformative and contribute to broader development goals, a greater emphasis is needed on issues of farmer heterogeneity, the dangers of maladaptation and the importance of social equity. This entails recognizing that resilience encompasses both agro- and socio-ecological dimensions. Furthermore, practitioners need to be more cognizant of the dangers of (i) benefiting groups of already better off farmers at the expense of the most vulnerable and/or (ii) focusing on farmers for whom agriculture is not a pathway out of poverty. The success of these approaches rests on genuine transdisciplinary partnerships and systems approaches that ensure adaptation and mitigation goals along with more equitable incomes, food security and development. The greater emphasis on social equity and human well-being distinguishes climate-resilient from climate-smart agriculture.
Funcionário público - Procurador - Aposentadoria
Authors: Affonso Sebastião B.
Published: August 2023

Tribunal de Contas da União
Funcionário público - Cargo em comissão - Função gratificada - Agregação
Authors: Silva Glauco Lessa de Abreu e
Published: August 2023

Departamento Administrativo do Pessoal Civil
Funcionário público - Assistência social - Enquadramento
Authors: Silva Glauco Lessa de Abreu e
Published: August 2023

Departamento Administrativo do Pessoal Civil
Funcionário público - Enquadramento
Authors: Santos Waldyr dos
Published: August 2023

Departamento Administrativo do Pessoal Civil
Funcionário público - Agregação
Authors: Ramos Romeo de Almeida
Published: August 2023

Presidência da República
Funcionário público - Médico - Acumulação remunerada - Opção
Authors: Silva Glauco Lessa de Abreu e
Published: August 2023

Departamento Administrativo do Pessoal Civil
Acumulação remunerada - Cargo em comissão
Authors: Santos Waldyr dos
Published: August 2023

Departamento Administrativo do Pessoal Civil
Militar - Promoção
Authors: Ramos Romeo de Almeida
Published: August 2023

Presidência da República
Militar - Tempo de serviço
Authors: Ramos Romeo de Almeida
Published: August 2023

Presidência da República
Reforma administrativa - Administração indireta - Supervisão ministerial
Authors: Ramos Romeo de Almeida
Published: August 2023

Presidência da República
Obra pública - Apropriação - Consórcio construtor - Pessoas jurídicas
Authors: Wald Arnold
Published: August 2023

- A carga de obras deve ser atribuída a cada sociedade, embora entre ambas exista coligação.- Não se admitem, na legislação brasileira, efeitos da coligaçãoou do controle de sociedades que não sejam previstos em lei.
Ato complementar, Leis, Decretos-leis e Decreto (1973)
Authors: Desconhecido Autor
Published: August 2023

.
Desapropriação para urbanização
Authors: Meirelles Hely Lopes
Published: August 2023

1. Considerações gerais sobre o tema. 2. O conceito moderno de urbanismo. 3. A competência em matéria urbanística. 4. O planejamento urbanístico. 5. A desapropriação para urbanização. 6. A legislação e a jurisprudência pátrias .
Da não-incidência do ICM na importação de bens de uso
Authors: Machado Hugo
Published: August 2023

1. A entrada de mercadorias como fato gerador do ICM. 2. Bens de capital e bens de uso. 3. O conceito de mercadoria na legislação do ICM. 4. Pronunciamentos doutrinários e jurisprudenciais. 5. Conclusões.
Imposto de renda - Remessa de juros para o exterior
Authors: Flôres Thompson
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Imposto de renda - Empréstimo compulsório
Authors: Monteiro Barros
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Imposto sobre circulação de mercadorias - Produto industrializado destina à exportação
Authors: Trigueiro Oswaldo
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Imposto sobre circulação de mercadorias - Produto industrializado
Authors: Pinto Bilac
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Imposto sobre circulação de mercadorias - Cooperativas de consump
Authors: Falcão Djaci
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Impostos - Imunidade
Authors: Neder Antônio
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Imunidade tributária - Autarquia
Authors: Pinto Bilac
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Imposto - Repetição de indébito - Repercussão
Authors: Rocha Eloy da
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Taxa rodoviária - Incidência sobre proprietários de veículos
Authors: Falcão Djaci
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Débito fiscal - Cancelamento - Anistia - Remissão
Authors: Albuquerque Xavier de
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Imunidade tributária - Sociedade de Assistência Social
Authors: Falcão Djaci
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Funcionário público - Vinculação ou equiparação de vencimentos
Authors: Albuquerque Xavier de
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Funcionário público - Vencimentos - Isonomia
Authors: Gallotti Luiz
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Funcionário público - Procurador - Remuneração
Authors: Albuquerque Xavier de
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Funcionário público - Aumento de vencimentos
Authors: Monteiro Barros
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Funcionário público - Aumento de vencimentos - Isonomia
Authors: Baleeiro Aliomar
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Funcionário público - Substituição - Vencimento - Equiparação
Authors: Pinto Bilac
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Funcionário público - Relação estatutária - Reclassificação de cargos - Redução de percentagens - Regime de dedicação exclusiva - Opção
Authors: Falcão Djaci
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Funcionário público - Regime de dedicação exclusiva - Redução de vantagens
Authors: Flôres Thompson
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Funcionário público - Proventos - Revisão
Authors: Gallotti Luiz
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Funcionário público - Demissão - Ato administrativo
Authors: Rocha Eloy da
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Funcionário público - Demissão com base em ato institucional - Incompatibilidade
Authors: Rocha Eloy da
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Despachante aduaneiro - Nomeação - Direito adquirido
Authors: Albuquerque Xavier de
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Acumulação remunerada - Correlação de matérias - Aposentadoria - Compatibilidade de horários
Authors: Monteiro Barros
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Juiz temporário estadual - Estabilidade
Authors: Albuquerque Xavier de
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Desembargador - Aposentadoria - Cálculo de proventos - Direito adquirido
Authors: Flôres Thompson
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Código Nacional de Trânsito - Licença - Apreensão de veículo - Multa
Authors: Rocha Eloy da
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Transporte coletivo - Concessão - Preferência - Função judicial e atividade administrativa
Authors: Flôres Thompson
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Ministério Público - Serviço jurídico da União e das autarquias - Vencimentos - Recurso extraordinário
Authors: Neder Antônio
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Código de Organização Judiciária - Declaração de inconstitucionalidade
Authors: Gallotti Luiz
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Desapropriação - Pagamento retardado - Perdas e danos
Authors: Trigueiro Oswaldo
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Desapropriação - Correção monetária - Honorários de advogado
Authors: Falcão Djaci
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Inspeção ordinária - Defesa por negação - Presunções
Authors: Gallotti Luiz
Published: August 2023

Tribunal de Contas da União
Funcionário público - Substituição - Aposentadoria
Authors: Branco Francisco de Salles Mourão
Published: August 2023

Tribunal de Contas da União
Funcionário público - Órgão de deliberação coletiva
Authors: Silva Glauco Lessa de Abreu e
Published: August 2023

Departamento Administrativo do Pessoal Civil
Funcionário público - Consultor jurídico - Readaptação
Authors: Ramos Romeo de Almeida
Published: August 2023

Presidência da República
Funcionário público - Aproveitamento - Ex-combatente - Analfabeto
Authors: Silva Glauco Lessa de Abreu e
Published: August 2023

Departamento Administrativo do Pessoal Civil
Funcionário público - Enquadramento
Authors: Silva Glauco Lessa de Abreu e
Published: August 2023

Departamento Administrativo do Pessoal Civil
Correção monetária - Contratos imobiliários com órgãos de previdência social
Authors: Ramos Romeo de Almeida
Published: August 2023

Presidência da República
Empresa pública - Sindicalização
Authors: Ramos Romeo de Almeida
Published: August 2023

Presidência da República
Imposto de renda - Fundo de Garantia de Tempo de Serviço
Authors: Campos Vicente de Paulo
Published: August 2023

Ministério da Fazenda
Imposto de renda - Remessas para o exterior - Juros
Authors: Silva Fausto Rodrigues da
Published: August 2023

Ministério da Fazenda
Reexame da desapropriação face ao imposto de renda
Authors: Barreto Caio Plinio
Published: August 2023

1. Introdução. 2. Trabalhos anteriores sobre o assunto.3. Natureza jurídica da desapropriação. 4. Natureza jurídica da indenização. 5. Tratamento tributário da indenização. 6. A desapropriação como hipótese de não-incidência. 7. Aspectos de detalhe e complementares: A) O Decreto-lei n.O 1.260/73; B) O registro contábil do imóvel desapropriado. 8. Conclusão.
Confisco de bens - Desapropriação - Simulação - Fraude de execução
Authors: Viana Bonfim
Published: August 2023

- O ato confiscat6rio é uma penalidade imposta à pessoa físicaou jurídica, em decorrência de ato ou fato ilícito.- Na desapropriação a garantia do direito de propriedade surge com o pagamento da justa indenização.
Lei complementar, Leis, Decretos-lei e Decretos (1974)
Authors: Desconhecido Autor
Published: August 2023

.
Desenvolvimento e instituições políticas
Authors: Fagundes M. Seabra
Published: August 2023

Bases políticas do desenvolvimento. Declaração universal dos direitos do homem. A era tecnológica. Subdesenvolvimento e sistema democrático de govemo. Conclusão.
A missão do poder executivo no estado contemporâneo
Authors: Ferreira Manoel Gonçalves
Published: August 2023

1. Introdução. 2. A estrutura do Poder Executivo. 3. O PoderExecutivo e a segurança. 4. O Poder Executivo e o desenvolvimento. 5. Idéias para o aprimoramento.
Imposto de importação - Isenção tributária - Encargos - Contrato
Authors: Trigueiro Oswaldo
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Imposto sobre circulação de mercadorias - Beneficiamento de soja - Imunidade tributária
Authors: Alckmin Rodrigues
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Imposto sobre circulação de mercadorias - Cal hidratada
Authors: Pinto Bilac
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Imposto de transmissão - Promessa de venda de imóveis
Authors: Andrade Oliveira
Published: August 2023

Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo
Taxa de serviços rurais - Fato gerador - Base de cálculo
Authors: Baleeiro Aliomar
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Taxa de conservação de estradas de rodagem - Base de cálculo - Salário mínimo
Authors: Sampaio Maércio
Published: August 2023

Tribunal de Alçada de São Paulo
Taxa de pavimentação - Rede Ferroviária Federal
Authors: Azevedo Martiniano de
Published: August 2023

Tribunal de Alçada de São Paulo
Anistia fiscal - Multa
Authors: Monteiro Barros
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Dívida fiscal - Correção monetária
Authors: Albuquerque Xavier de
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Funcionário público - Posse - Inquérito administrativo
Authors: Monteiro Barros
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Funcionário público - Equiparação de vencimentos - Isonomia
Authors: Pinto Bilac
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Funcionário público - Aposentadoria - Direito adquirido
Authors: Arruda J. M.
Published: August 2023

Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo
Funcionário público - Aposentadoria - Cálculo de proventos - Redução
Authors: Albuquerque Xavier de
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Professor - Incompatibilidade e impedimento para a advocacia
Authors: Pinto Bilac
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Procurador da República - Concurso - Limite de idade
Authors: Monteiro Barros
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Juiz - Disponibilidade - Gratificação de exercício
Authors: Trigueiro Oswaldo
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Desapropriação - Direito à indenização - Prescrição
Authors: Trigueiro Oswaldo
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Reclamação administrativa - Prescrição - Suspensão - Interrupção
Authors: Albuquerque Xavier de
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Ação popular - Verba de representação para deputados
Authors: Baleeiro Aliomar
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Conselho Nacional de Trânsito - Uso obrigatório de equipamentos - Cinto de segurança - Ato administrativo discricionário
Authors: Falcão Djaci
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Tribunal de Justiça - Promoção - Juízes do Tribunal de Alçada - Advogados - Membros do Ministério Público - Declaração de inconstitucionalidade
Authors: Falcão Djaci
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Prefeito - Cassação de mandato - Cerceamento de defesa
Authors: Trigueiro Oswaldo
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Funcionário público - Aposentadoria - Contagem de tempo de serviço
Authors: Branco Francisco de Salles Mourão
Published: August 2023

Tribunal de Contas da União
Funcionário público - Locação de imóvel residencial
Authors: Ramos Sebastião Baptista
Published: August 2023

Tribunal de Contas da União
Funcionário público - Serviço gratuito - Aposentadoria
Authors: Silva Glauco Lessa de Abreu e
Published: August 2023

Departamento Administrativo do Pessoal Civil
Contribuição parafiscal - Adicional ao frete para renovação da Marinha Mercante - Imunidade tributária
Authors: Mayer Luiz Rafael
Published: August 2023

Presidência da República
I.O.S. - Investimento clandestino - Sanções - Retorno de valores
Authors: Queiroz Cid Heráclito de
Published: August 2023

Ministério da Fazenda
Terras da União - Ocupação
Authors: Queiroz Cid Heráclito de
Published: August 2023

Ministério da Fazenda
Empresas públicas - Caixa Econômica Federal - Seguros - Resseguros - SASSE
Authors: Silva Carlos Medeiros
Published: August 2023

- A Constituição veda a extensão de normas de direito administrativo às empresas privadas, ainda que exerçam atividades controladas ou sob fiscalização do Poder Público.- As operações de seguros e resseguros realizadas por empresas públicas ou sociedade de economia mista devem pautar-se pelas mesmas regras estabelecidas para as entidades de direito privado, sem discriminação ou exigências de formalidades especiais, como a concorrência pública e o sorteio.- Não cabe ao Instituto de Resseguros do Brasil impugnarcontrato de seguro, verificar de sua regularidade para depois realizar o resseguro ou repudiá-lo. - Interpretação do art. 170, § 2Q da Constituição.
Leis, Decretos-leis e Decretos (1974)
Authors: Desconhecido Autor
Published: August 2023

.
Da concessão de uso de bens públicos
Authors: Francisco Raimundo Nonato
Published: August 2023

1. Dos bens públicos segundo o respectivo uso. 2. Do regime jurídico da concessão de uso.
Funcionário público - Regime estatutário - Direito adquirido
Authors: Pinto Bilac
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Funcionário público - Professor - Estabilidade - Efetivação
Authors: Alckmin Rodrigues
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Funcionário público - Contagem de tempo de serviço
Authors: Pinto Bilac
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Funcionário público - Agregação - Licença especial
Authors: Albuquerque Xavier de
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Funcionário público - Aposentadoria - Direito adquirido
Authors: Falcão Djaci
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Funcionário público - Demissão - Inquérito administrativo - Direito de defesa
Authors: Albuquerque Xavier de
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Militar - Transferência compulsória para a reserva - Polícia estadual
Authors: Baleeiro Aliomar
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Imposto sobre circulação de mercadorias - Autarquia - Material inservível
Authors: Baleeiro Aliomar
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Imposto predial - Taxa de serviços urbanos - Base de cálculo
Authors: Gallotti Luiz
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Imposto sobre serviços - Fato gerador - Emissão de cartões de crédito - Analogia
Authors: Flôres Thompson
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Desapropriação - Valor da indenização - Correção monetária - Honorários de advogado - Juros compensatórios
Authors: Pinto Bilac
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Rios públicos - Navegabilidade - Margens
Authors: Albuquerque Xavier de
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Tribunal de Justiça - Tribunal de Alçada - Vagas reservadas a advogados e membros do Ministério Público - Representação
Authors: Neder Antônio
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Instituto de Previdência da Assembléia Legislativa - Aumento de despesa - Iniciativa do executivo - Declaração de inconstitucionalidade - Representação
Authors: Pinto Bilac
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Declaração de inconstitucionalidade - Ato do poder público - Tribunal Pleno
Authors: Albuquerque Xavier de
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Descaminho - Ouro em barra
Authors: Neder Antônio
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Serventuário de justiça - Direitos e vantagens - Competência tributária da União e dos Estados - Direto adquirido - Vitaliciedade e irredutibilidade de vencimentos
Authors: Falcão Djaci
Published: August 2023

Supremo Tribunal Federal
Memorial do Advogado da Associação dos Titulares de Ofício de Justiça do Estado da Guanabara
Authors: Silva Carlos Medeiros
Published: August 2023

.
Funcionário público - Estabilidade - Professor - Orientação jurisprudencial
Authors: Mayer Luiz Rafael
Published: August 2023

Presidência da República
Funcionário público - Ex-combatente - Aposentadoria - Pensão
Authors: Mayer Luiz Rafael
Published: August 2023

Presidência da República
Funcionário público - Aposentadoria
Authors: Duarte Clenício da Silva
Published: August 2023

Departamento Administrativo do Pessoal Civil
Militar - Exercício de cargo civil - Contagem em tempo de serviço
Authors: Mayer Luiz Rafael
Published: August 2023

Presidência da República
Militar - Graduação - Prescrição
Authors: Mayer Luiz Rafael
Published: August 2023

Presidência da República
Imposto de renda - Pessoas jurídicas - Aumentos de capital
Authors: Muzzi Rodrigo Thomaz Scotti
Published: August 2023

Ministério da Fazenda
Mina - Pesquisa - Lavra - Caducidade do manifesto - Abandono
Authors: Mayer Luiz Rafael
Published: August 2023

Presidência da República
Institucionalização das regiões metropolitanas
Authors: Azevedo Eurico de Andrade
Published: August 2023

1. A Federação Brasileira. 2. A linguagem constitucional. 3. A LeiComplementar no 14, de 8 de junho de 1973. 4. Os serviços de interessemetropolitano. 5. A administração metropolitana. 6. Os conselhos da região metropolitana. 7. A execução dos serviços comuns. 8. Os recursos financeiros e a participação da União.
Do poder administrativo, o poder entre poderes
Authors: Franco Sobrinho Manoel de Oliveira
Published: August 2023

1. O Estado e o indivíduo. 2. O Estado-síntese. 3. Executivo e poder administrativo. 4. O Estado-função. 5. Autonomia substancial. 6. Condições que validam atos. 7. O Estado administrativo. 8. Ordenamento e condicionamentos jurídicos. 9. Atuação permanente do direito. 10. As funções operacionais administrativas. 11. Os pressupostos políticos e jurídicos. 12. Conduta não discricionária. 13. Centralização-descentralização. 14. Os critérios de controle. 15. Conclusão.