bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of root resorption levels in patients with bruxism
Authors: Vargas Sabrina Mascarenhas , Carvalho Ronaldo Luís Almeida de , Verner Francielle Silvestre , Leite Fabíola Pessôa Pereira
Published: May 2015

The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of the degree of apical root resorption by making a digital radiographic analysis of patients with bruxism and also to check whether there is any correlation between bruxism and root resorption. A total of 22 patients with the habit of parafunctional bruxism were selected. The patients underwent six digital periapical radiographs to evaluate teeth numbers 13 to 23 and 33 to 43 (a total of 264 teeth). These were evaluated by a calibrated radiologist and classified as: grade 0 - no root resorption; grade 1 - mild resorption; grade 2 - moderate resorption; grade 3 – severe resorption; grade 4 - extreme resorption. The result of the overall analysis was: grade 0 appeared in 223 teeth (84.5%), grade 1 in 34 teeth (12.9%), grade 2 in 7 teeth (2.7%) while grades 3 and 4 were not seen in any teeth in the study (0%). It was concluded that the 0 degree of root resorption (no resorption) had the highest frequency (84.5%); there was no positive correlation between bruxism and root resorption and tooth number 13 presented a rate of 27.13% for grade 1 root resorption (mild resorption).
Durability of silorane repair with silorane and methacrylate resin.
Authors: Costa Thays Regina , Cecchin Lucielle Cristina , Loguercio Alessandro Dourado , Reis Alessandra
Published: May 2015

Objective: The durability of bonded interface between silorane (SIL) and methacrylate-based (MET) composite resins wasn’t investigated yet. The purpose was to evaluate the repair strength (RS) and nanoleakage of the SIL repair using silorane- or methacrylate-based materials immediately [IM] or after 6 months of water storage [6M]. Materials and Methods: fifteen resin blocks (Filtek P90, 3MESPE) were polished, sandblasted with 50-µm aluminum oxide sandblasting and cleaned with 37% phosphoric acid. Then the specimens were divided into three groups: SIL-SIL (adhesive and composite resin); SIL-MET (silorane adhesive and methacrylate based composite) and MET-MET (methacrylate-based adhesive and composite resin) were used for the repair. Composite-composite bonded sticks (0.9 mm2) were sectioned and divided to be tested in tension (1.0 mm/min) IM or 6M. Two sticks from each tooth, at each time, were immersed in a 50% silver nitrate solution and evaluated by SEM. Data were analyzed by two-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey´s tests. Results: The RS of the SIL was not dependent upon the adhesive and composite used for the repair. A significant reduction of the RS was observed for all groups after 6M. Conclusions: Both materials can be used for the repair of the silorane composite, despite degradation occur after 6M.
Influence of sandblasting distance on enamel and ceramic structure bond strength
Authors: Garcia Lorena Rincon , Reyes Ana Cecilia Roso , Canal Maria Isabel , Castilho Mauricio Peña , Gomes Osnara Maria Mongruel , Dominguez John Alexis
Published: May 2015

Objetive: The purpose of this study is was to evaluate the influence of sandblasting ceramic and enamel structure on bond strength, changing  distance.Material and methods: 60 third molars , were selected, enamel surfaces were ground flat with wet 600 - 2000 grit aluminum oxide abrasive papers  and polished with three, one, and one-fourth micrometer-grit diamond pastes. Obtained 120 lithium disilicate-based core ceramic discs ( 2 mm diameter;1 mm thickness), divided into 7 groups  [Group C, don’t sandblasting, Group SB-E(5-10) enamel sandblasting 5 and 10 mm, Group SB-C(5-10)  ceramic sandblasting 5 mm and 10 mm, Group SB-EC(5-10)  enamel and ceramic sandblasting 5 mm and 10 mm]   after was performed microshear and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Statistic Teste of normality , after one-way ANOVA and Tukey test (?: 0.05).Results: The group C present bond strength (59.2±12.5), the group SB-E 5 mm (21.7±08.8) (p<0.005), the group SB-E10 (53.6±14.3).Conclusion: The use of sandblasting treatment of the enamel surface a 5 mm by 20 seconds decreases the bonding strength to microshear.
Imaging aspects of the dentigerous cyst magnetic in resonance imaging and ultrasound
Authors: Pinto Antonione Santos Bezerra , Araújo Thyago Leite Campos de , Dias Sávia Francisca Lopes , Guimarães Maria Adelaide , Pinto Moara e Silva Conceição , Lopes Sérgio Lúcio Pereira de Castro
Published: May 2015

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a type of imaging study considered the gold standard in the analysis of the internal structure and content of intraosseous lesions, allowing for their inherent characteristics of acquisition, determine the nature and differential diagnosis between changes that have aspects Similar to other imaging modalities, such as on radiographs and computed tomography (CT) and also has the great advantage of not being an invasive method, since it does not use ionizing radiation.The ultrasound (U.S.) and MRI provides images without showing deleterious effects to living organisms, enabling the differentiation between solid and cystic lesions, however, lacks the ability of MRI to provide an anatomical detailing determined, nor information about the chemical composition of the lesions, which would be crucial in determining the diagnosis of the same. The dentigerous cyst is among the most frequent odontogenic lesions that affect the maxillomandibular complex, requiring a thorough assessment of its extent and proximity to anatomical structures as well as the differential diagnosis with other lesions. This study aimed to emphasize the use of MRI and U.S. in the diagnosis of lesions dentomaxilofaciais, describing a clinical case of dentigerous cyst in these imaging modalities were used as complementary tests.
Human umbilical cord vein as a source of osteoblastic cells
Authors: Nascimento Glauce Crivelaro , Bighetti Rayana Longo , Passos Júnior Geraldo Aleixo da Silva , Bombonato-Prado Karina Fittipaldi
Published: May 2015

Objective: Regenerative medicine and tissue engineering are searching for novel stem cell based therapeutic strategies that will allow for efficient treatment or even potential replacement of damaged organs. The purpose of this work was to study the behaviour of human umbilical cord vein cells (UCVs) through osteoblastic differentiation. Material and Methods: Cells were isolated, expanded and cultivated in osteogenic medium. After 7, 14 and 21 days of culture, there were evaluated cell morphology, proliferation, viability and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Immunolocalization of ALP was performed  after 1, 7 and 14 days of culture and cells were analysed in a fluorescence microscope. Statistical test utilized was Mann-Whitney (p<0.05). Results: The results showed that osteogenic medium induced morphological changes in the UCVs. Besides, it permited cell viability and proliferation, as well as an increase in the alkaline phosphatase expression and activity. Conclusion: It is concluded that these cells can differentiate into osteoblastic-like cells, contributing to applications for cell therapy and tissue engineering.
Clinical comparison of fiber-reinforced composite and stainless steel wire for splinting periodontally treated mobile teeth
Authors: Akcalı Aliye , Gümüş Pınar , Özcan Mutlu
Published: May 2015

Objective: This clinical study evaluated the success of two different splint materials bonded on periodontally treated mobile teeth.Methods: A total of 14 patients were included in the study. Patients were randomly assigned to the groups to receive either with or wire composite splint (WCS) or fiber-reinforced composite splint (FCS). Clinical periodontal parameters were performed and periotest values were recorded at baseline, and after 6 and 12 months. Patients were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire after the splinting procedures. Failure types for the splints were categorized.Results: Baseline PI values showed significant decrease at 6 month follow up in the WCS (p=0.0019) and FCS (p<0.0001) groups and remained stable after 12 months (WCS; p=0.36, FCS; p=0.63). During the course of the study, PD and RD values exhibited no change between and within groups. Clinical parameters including PD, RD, PI and BOP were stable at 6 and 12 months follow-up period. In 6 patients (4 FCS, 2 WCS), reparable failures occurred during the observation period. In four patients (3 FCS, 1 WCS) splints failed completely and were removed. The periotest values of the failing teeth ranged between 47.3 and 50. In 3 patients in the WCS and 1 patient in the FCS group, periotest values were ? 40 but no splint failures were observed.Conclusion: FCS tends to show increased mechanical limitations compared to WCS. Teeth with periotest values above 40 may be more prone to splint failures independent of the splint material.
Comparative evaluation of blood pressure measuring equipment
Authors: Oka Erika Kaori , Fleury Curado Liza Taveira , Santos Lucio Murilo dos , Santamaria Mauro , Moraes Michelle Bianchi , Nascimento Rodrigo Dias , Haldi Fernando Vagner
Published: May 2015

Objective: This study evaluated the agreement of blood pressure measurements obtained through different auscultatory and oscillometric automated/semi-automated monitors. Material and Methods: The blood pressure of 30 participants was evaluated by a single calibrated examiner. The measurements were carried out through either auscultatory monitor (mercury column or aneroid) or automated/semiautomated oscillometric pulse monitors. For each participant, 5 min rest was established by sitting on dental chair and the measurements were always carried out on the left arm, at the heart level. Three consecutive measurements were performed with the four monitors in each participant with a minimum time interval of five minutes between each measurement. All monitors were properly calibrated and certified by INMETRO. The results were submitted to intraclass correlation coefficient and Friedman’s analysis of variance. Results: The measurements of systolic blood pressure for both auscultatory and oscillometric methods were similar. The measurements of diastolic blood pressure for auscultatory monitors were similar (p > 0.05); as well as for oscillometric monitors (p > 0.05). However, when auscultatory and oscillometric monitors were compared, there were statistically significant differences in diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It was verified a difference in the results between the auscultatory and oscillometric blood pressure monitors. The systolic blood pressure measurements exhibited similar correlations, whilediastolic blood pressure measurements showed different correlations.
Patients’ satisfaction with complete dentures: an update.
Authors: Marchini Leonardo
Published: May 2015

Population aging is a worldwide phenomenon and, even though there is a downward trend in edentulism, the need for complete dentures is not likely to decrease in the near future. Furthermore, patients’ satisfaction with their dentures is fundamental to improving oral health-related quality of life among edentulous individuals. Considering this, a search was performed for literature since 2001 on the factors that may influence patient satisfaction with complete dentures. Many factors were reported that related to technique, patient, and dentist, as well as their likelihood of influencing patient satisfaction. The factors presenting reasonable evidence of influencing patient satisfaction are the kind of therapy chosen (implant-retained overdentures rated more favorably than conventional dentures); patient personality and psychological factors; patient oral conditions; patient perception of the dentist and dental care; and patient-dentist communication issues. Several other factors that may influence patient satisfaction were not addressed in the recent literature or presented contradicting results, highlighting the need for more research in this topic.
Bonding to bleached enamel treated with 10% sodium bicarbonate: a one-year follow-up
Authors: Ramos Carla Müller , Bim Junior Odair , Rodrigues Raphaela Farias , Maenosono Rafael Massunari , Alencar Marina Studart , Wang Linda , Borges Ana Flávia Sanches
Published: May 2015

Objective. This article is a brief review about in vitro proposals to overcome the low bond strength values to bleached dental surfaces through a one-year follow-up case report of the immediate replacement of composite resin restorations after enamel bleaching. Clinical considerations. The presence of residual oxygen after bleaching may be responsible for inhibiting the polymerization of the monomers present in the adhesive systems, leading to the failure of the restorative procedure. The use of antioxidants, especially the 10% sodium bicarbonate solution (SB), could be a fast and practical alternative to improve the bond strength of these restorations. In office bleaching with hydrogen peroxide 35% (Lase Peroxide Sense, DMC, Ribeirão Preto, SP, BRA) was performed followed by the removal of the unsatisfactory restorations. Then, the BS was applied and the new adhesive restorations were placed. After one year, the clinical performance of the restorations were successful, showing no signs of failure nor infiltration. Conclusions. The use of the 10% sodium bicarbonate in bleached enamel seems to be a viable alternative for clinical practice.
Undifferentiated osteosarcoma of the mandible oblique line: a case report.
Authors: Camargo Angela Jordão , Cheade Mayara , Martinelli Celso , Watanabe Plauto Christopher Aranha
Published: May 2015

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone. However, osteosarcoma located in the jaw (JOS) is rare, aggressive and malignant, constituting 5% to 13% of all cases of skeletal OS. JOS has a male predilection with 34 to 36 years old. Prognostic is associated with several variables, such as tumor location, initial size, existence or absence of metastasis, gender, age, cytogenetic chances and respond to chemotherapy. We report the unusual case of osteosarcoma in the mandible on retromolar area arising from primitive bone forming mesenchyme; most often arises in the metaphysis of long bones of the extremities.
Regression of large periapical lesion using calcium hydroxide therapy: a six-year follow-up case report
Authors: Pieper Cari Maristela , Münchow Eliseu Aldrighi , Piva Evandro
Published: May 2015

Periradicular lesions occur in non-vital teeth as the result of a chronic aggression by the presence of microorganisms into the root canal, which may appear as a radiolucent lesion in the radiographic exam; treatment varies according to surgical or nonsurgical methods. This case report describes the regression of a periradicular lesion using a nonsurgical endodontic treatment in association with intracanal calcium hydroxide-based medicament. After patient examination and radiographic analysis, a 13 mm (in maximum diameter) radiolucent lesion was observed in tooth number 12. The endodontic treatment was done and Calen-CMCP (S.S. White Artigos Dentários Ltda., Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil) was placed into the root canal, which was changed after every two weeks during two months. It was observed a progressive centrifugal regression of the lesion after every renewing of the medicament. In addition, after six-year follow-up the tooth was still free of re-infection and bone tissue was completely regenerated. In conclusion, calcium hydroxide therapy can conservatively stimulate the regression of large periradicular lesions.
Methodology of problematization with the maguerez’s arch: an alternative method for teaching, research and study in dentistry
Authors: Rêgo Heleine Maria Chagas , Rodrigues José roberto
Published: May 2015

Objective: evaluate the application of the problematization methodology(PM) (Arch Maguerez), as an alternative teaching-learning method in formation post-graduation students. Material and Methods: 25 post-graduate students of  the program in Restorative Dentistry at the  School of Dentistry of ICT-Office of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, São Paulo State University – UNESP, who were part of the discipline of Applied Teaching Higher Education , developed activities that characterized the problematization methodology (PM) and the traditional teaching methodology in force. By means of a questionnaire it was possible to assess the perception the students had of the activities made. Results: It was observed that problematization methodology (PM) was a valid alternative teaching-learning method for formation of new professors, in the opinion of students. Conclusion: problematization methodology (PM) can be applied as a complementary tool in the construction of the future professors’ knowledge, in addition to being a strategy for research and study.
Wear of depth perception and shade matching outcome in the pre-clinical setting
Authors: Diniz Ivana Márcia Alves , Santos Eric Mayer , Souza-Rodrigues Renata Duarte de , Donda Thiago Ribeiro , Vieira Glauco Fioranelli
Published: May 2015

Objective: the present study aimed to investigate whether dental wear depth perception has influence on the final quality of aesthetic direct restorations in the pre-clinical setting. Material and Methods: eighty one participants were assigned to one of three groups (n=27): G1, beginning dentistry students; G2, intermediate dentistry students; and G3, advanced dentistry students. All groups were required to prepare a tooth for facet of 1mm in depth. Subsequently, teeth were restored with opaque or translucent composite resin. Results: dental wear was different among the groups (p<0.05). G1 obtained a median of 1mm, G2 obtained a median of 0.5mm, while G3 obtained a median of 0.8mm. G3 presented more consistent accuracy in dental wear. Color values did not vary according to the dental wear depth or to the type of resin composite used in the restoration (p> 0.05). Conclusion: technical training and clinical experience contribute to the better dental wear depth perception of undergraduate dental students. No direct correlation between the dental wear depth perception and the quality of shade matching of restored artificial teeth could be performed in the pre-clinical environment. Keywords: Dental education; Motor skills; Color; Dental Aesthetics
The effect of piezosurgery with cvd tip in osteotomy in rat parietal bone: histologic and histomorphometric analysis
Authors: Macedo Nelson Luiz , Monteiro Adriana Socorro Ferreira , Sato Tabata Prado , Macedo Luís Guilherme Scavone
Published: May 2015

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the response of bone tissue in osteotomy under piezosurgery using a CVD tip in rat parietal bone in contrast with the standard protocol using low-speed tungsten burs. Material and Methods: A bone defect model was created in parietal bone of 20 male Wistar rats using CVD tip and drill. Five animals were sacrificed after 3, 7, 14 and 28 days and the bone containing the defects was submitted to the histologic and histomorphometric analysis. The results of histomorphometry were statistically analyzed using RM ANOVA with a significance level of ? = 0.05. The results were still subjected to Tukey's multiple comparison test. Results: The results showed statistically significant difference (p <0.05) between the two types of treatment in the analyzed periods. Piezosurgery promoted slower and more precise cut with less bone loss and less bleeding during surgery, promoting conditions for a faster repair compared to the traditional method of osteotomy, fewer inflammatory cells, faster bone formation, cleaner surgical wound in the experimental group in all periods. Conclusion: It was concluded that the use of CVD tip in piezosurgery was proven to be valid for osteotomy, with more precise cuts, less tissue damage, fewer pronounced inflammatory response and faster bone formation in the early periods when compared with low-speed tungsten burs.
Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs among down syndrome sudanese individuals
Authors: Ibrahim Hiba A , Abuaffan Amal H
Published: May 2015

Objective: To determine the prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs in Sudanese’s Down syndrome individuals in Khartoum area. Material and Methods: A total of 75 (37 males and 38 females) Down syndrome individuals age ranging from 6-28 years of age, were clinically examined after obtaining their guardian’s consent. Malocclusion was determined based on Angle and Incisor classification of malocclusion. The data were analysed and presented in tables using the Statistic Package for social sciences (SPSS) program version17 descriptive statistic, Frequency distribution tables and graph were utilized to perform the results. Results: Angle Class III malocclusion (58.7%) and Incisor III malocclusion (53.3%) represents the most prevalent types of malocclusions. Angle class III malocclusion was more frequent among females (60.5%) than males (56.8%).The majority of individuals with Down syndrome are in great need for orthodontic treatment (85.3%). Conclusion: The prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need among Sudanese Down syndrome individuals was high.  Angle and Incisor class III malocclusions represent the commonest trait of malocclusion and reported more frequency in females than males. Orthodontic treatment for Down syndrome individual should be multidisciplinary in order to conservative superior treatment pattern. Keywords: Down syndrome; Class III malocclusion; Orthodontic treatment.
Evaluation of different types of polishing of composite resin surfaces after the removal of metal and ceramic brackets
Authors: Viana Mariana de Oliveira , Dias Adriana Aparecida Faziolli Almeida , Vedovello Silvia Amélia Scudeler , Flório Flávia Martão , Motta Rogério Heladio Lopes , Rodrigues Jose Augusto
Published: May 2015

Objective: To evaluate the effectivenessof different methods ofcomposite resin polishingafter the removaloforthodontic brackets. Material and Methods: 160resindiscsmade froma matrix ofacrylic resinwere divided into4 groups,according to thetype of composite resinused: G1 - microfilled(n = 40), G2 -microhybrid(n = 40), G3 -nanohybrid(n = 40)and G4-nanofilled(n = 40). One half of the samples wassubjectedto thermocycling, at 2000 cycles from 5 ? 2 ºC to 55 ? 2 ºC, for 1 min each. Halfof each group of resins was bonded with Gemini™ metallic brackets (3MUnitek) andthe otherhalf with Transcend™ ceramic brackets (3MUnitek). Thebrackets were transferred to auniversal testing machine (EMIC DLmodel2000).Half of the specimensfrom eachsubgroupwere polishedwith diamond burs andthe other halfwithSof-Lex discs. The averagesurface roughness of composite resin discswas measured,using aprofilometer,before the bondingof brackets, after the removal of brackets, after removing theexcess resinandafter polishing. Results: After removal of bracketsandafter polishing, the surface roughnesswas greater in the microhybridgroup(ANOVA, p < 0.05).After removalof ceramicbrackets, the groups showedhigher surfaceroughness (ANOVA, p < 0.05). There was no significantdifference inroughnessrelated tothermocyclingand the type ofpolishing.Conclusion:The qualityof thepolishis subjectedto the type ofresinused. Ceramicbrackets provided rougher surfacesafter removal. Both types ofpolishingusedare effective.
Intra pulp chamber temperature variation caused by Nd:YAG and Diode LASER irradiation
Authors: Ishikiriama Sérgio Kiyoshi , Maenosono Rafael Massunari , Brianezzi Letícia Ferreira de Freitas , Cunha Vanessa Maira Vieira , Mondelli Rafael Francisco Lia
Published: May 2015

Objective: Neodymium (Nd:YAG) and Diode LASER irradiation on adhesive systems canincrease bond strength to dentin, however, concerns about the temperature variation inside pulp chamber still remain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intra pulp chamber temperature variation caused by irradiation with Nd:YAG or Diode LASER on different adhesive systems. Material and Methods: This study presented experimental design with two factors: LASER on two levels (Diode [D] and Nd:YAG [N]) and adhesive system on four levels (Adper™ Scotchbond™ Multi-Purpose [MP], Adper™ SingleBond 2 [SB], Clearfil™ SE Bond [CSE] and Adper™ Easy One [EO]). The quantitative response variable was the temperature variation (?t) in  C. Forty bovine teeth, distributed into 8 groups (n = 5), had the buccal surface flattened up to1 mm thickness of dentin. After the application of each adhesive system, but previously to the light curing, specimens were irradiated with Nd:YAG or Diode LASER with standardized parameters. The ?t was obtained through a thermocouple inserted into pulp chamber. The values of ?t were submitted to two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey (p < 0.05) for individual comparisons. Results: The means (± standard deviation) of ?t were: N-MP: 12.60 (± 2.51), N-SB: 10.40 (± 5.03), N-CSE: 11.80 (± 5.12) and N-EO: 10.20 (± 2.39), D-MP: 4.4 (± 1.82), D-SB: 5.20 (± 1.54), D-CSE: 4.60 (± 1.14), D-EO: 3.60 (± 1.52). Conclusion: The type of adhesive system  was not significant in temperature changes generated by LASER irradiation, but Nd:YAG LASER may provide a higher potential to cause pulp damage.
Heimat auf Zeit
Authors: Peißker-Meyer Cosima
Published: May 2015

Räumliche Mobilität ist eine Signatur der modernen Weltgesellschaft, und die Zahl derjenigen, die ihre Heimat verlassen, um für eine begrenzte Zeit im Ausland zu leben und zu arbeiten, nimmt stetig zu. Obwohl die Gruppe der so genannten »Expatriates« im Globalisierungsprozess unbestritten eine Schlüsselposition einnimmt, sind ihre besonderen Lebensbedingungen bislang kaum untersucht worden. Die Studie »Heimat auf Zeit« beleuchtet die bei den »Expats« vorgefundenen praktischen Dimensionen von Globalisierung im Alltag am Beispiel der syrischen Hauptstadt Damaskus. Dabei entsteht ein detailreiches Bild der global-lokalen Expat-Gemeinschaft und der individuellen Anstrengungen von Frauen, für sich und ihre Familien eine »Heimat auf Zeit« zu schaffen.
Imagerie des Anderen im Weimarer Kino
Authors: Kabatek Wolfgang
Published: May 2015

Die Imaginationsmaschine des Kinos wird in der Moderne zu einem mächtigen Agenten der Repräsentation des Anderen. Populärkulturelle Motive mit garantiert hohem Schauwert bestimmen besonders publikumsträchtige Abenteuerfilme wie »Die Spinnen« von Fritz Lang oder »Das indische Grabmal« von Joe May. Als Weltgenerierungs- und Zeitmaschine erscheint das Kino als Mythendistribuent par excellence und verbreitet unter den Bedingungen einer als entzaubert apostrophierten Moderne massenwirksame Verzauberungen und Remythisierungen. Das Unbekannte, Fremde, Andere wirkt in der industriellen Moderne gleichsam an die Ränder der Welt zurückgedrängt, verschwunden ist es damit jedoch nicht. In einer kleinen Medien- und Kulturgeschichte des Anderen im Weimarer Kino wird anhand beispielhaft analysierter Filme verschiedener Genres den populären historischen Verarbeitungsmustern nachgegangen, in denen in dieser Zeit Rätselhaftes, Differentes und Heterogenes verhandelt wird.
Vom Eigenen und Fremden
Authors: Kramer Stefan
Published: May 2015

Kultur erschafft und kommuniziert sich seit den 1980er Jahren auch in der Volksrepublik China zusehends durch das Fernsehen als Leitmedium von Wissen und Bedeutung. Sie verortet sich in den nationalen Diskursen vor allem im imaginären Spannungsfeld zwischen dem technisch-ökonomischen Dispositiv dieses Mediums und einer vermeintlich eigenen kulturellen Tradition. Die materialreiche Pionierstudie von Stefan Kramer zeigt jedoch ein noch erheblich differenzierteres Bild: Jenseits aller politisch konstruierten Oppositionen von Eigenem und Fremdem sowie von Hegemonie und Widerstand entwickeln die chinesischen Medienteilnehmer immer wieder neue Strategien, mit denen sie ihr lokales Eigenes mit Hilfe des transnationalen Mediendispositivs konstituieren und gegenüber allen hegemonialen Tendenzen behaupten.
Kampf der Zivilisten
Authors: Heins Volker M. , Warburg Jens
Published: May 2015

Die Aufgeregtheit des Publikums angesichts jedes neuen Krieges steht in deutlichem Kontrast zur geringen systematischen Beachtung, die dem Militär gewidmet wird. Volker Heins und Jens Warburg beleuchten den dramatischen Wandel militärischer Institutionen und Praktiken in den Gesellschaften der Gegenwart und stellen Verbindungen her zwischen neuen Berufsbildern und Aufgabenfeldern der Soldaten, der Rolle von Echtzeit-Technologien, des Medienpublikums und seiner Moral sowie veränderter Geschlechterverhältnisse. Im Zentrum steht dabei die Frage, ob wir in einem soziologisch genauen Sinne in einer nach-militärischen Gesellschaft leben oder ob sich lediglich das Gesicht dessen, was lange Zeit als »Militarismus« kritisiert worden ist, verändert.
Ägyptische heilige Orte I: Konstruktionen, Inszenierungen und Landschaften der Heiligen im Nildelta: 'Abdallah b. Salam
Authors: Stauth Georg
Published: May 2015

Der Band präsentiert eine »Ortsbegehung« sehr alter heiliger Orte in Ägypten. Er führt die Leser zu drei Grabstätten im Ostdelta des Nils, die dem jüdischen Konvertiten und Prophetengenossen ³Abdallah b. Salam gewidmet sind. Zwei der Grabmäler befinden sich innerhalb ausgegrabener Stätten, die bereits aus der Zeit der Pharaonen stammen. Das dichte intermediale Ensemble aus Text und Bild vermittelt faszinierende Zugänge zur jahrtausendealten Konstruktion von heiligen Orten und thematisiert dabei gleichzeitig die identitätsstiftenden Bezüge zur Archäologie des Nildeltas, zur Frühgeschichte des Islams, zum modernen Sufismus und sogar zum aktuellen islamischen »Fundamentalismus«. All diese Bezüge sind heute - das zu zeigen ist das Anliegen des Bandes - Gegenstand eines produktiven Ringens um eine moderne islamische Lokalkultur. Der großzügige Bildteil mit einfühlsamen Fotografien von Axel Krause dient der dokumentarischen Aktualisierung dieser Orte und gibt zugleich Auskunft über deren Topologie und Ästhetik.
Reputationsnetze
Authors: Glückler Johannes
Published: May 2015

In den letzten zwanzig Jahren hat die Unternehmensberatung ein starkes Wachstum und ein hohes Maß an internationaler Verbreitung erfahren. Wie aber erschließen Unternehmensberater erfolgreich neue internationale Märkte? Mit Hilfe eines institutionellen Ansatzes untersucht der Autor die Funktion sozialer Netzwerke zur Überwindung geographischer Ferne. Empirische Fallstudien in London, Madrid und Frankfurt zeigen die fundamentale Bedeutung von Reputation und Vertrauen für die Internationalisierung. Das Buch leistet damit einen systematischen Beitrag zu einem sozio-institutionellen Verständnis wirtschaftlicher Globalisierungsprozesse.
Affektbilder
Authors: Löffler Petra
Published: May 2015

Kann man am Gesicht ablesen, was Menschen fühlen? Die moderne Psychologie glaubt daran, dass sich Affekte in dem zeigen, was man nicht kontrollieren kann: unbedachte Bewegungen und Nuancen der Mimik. Lesbar wird das expressive Gesicht nun durch Bilder von Affekten, die solche marginalen Körperbewegungen sichtbar machen. Dabei spielen technische Medien eine entscheidende Rolle: An Fotografien lassen sich noch die geringsten mimischen Details studieren, die filmische Großaufnahme exponiert mimische Bewegungen. Die Geschichte der Affektbilder ist gekoppelt an die Diskurse und Medien, die mimische Expressivität als Gegenstand des Wissens erst begründen.
Despoten auf der Bühne
Authors: Sprenger Veit
Published: May 2015

Die Bühnendespoten sind die Feinde des medialen Gutmenschentums. Sie sind die bösen Männer und Frauen des Entertainment, die in ihren Bühnenshows am ausfransenden Rand einer spektakulären Gesellschaft ein Spiel um Macht und Dominanz inszenieren und mit Formen körperlicher und verbaler Gewalt ein Publikum in ihren Bann ziehen. Als Show-Vorsteher sind sie zwielichtige Gestalten, die ihre theatralischen Gebilde gegen den Ansturm des Realen behaupten müssen. Ihre lustvollen Darstellungen von Macht und Ohnmacht beinhalten immer auch die Möglichkeit des eigenen katastrophalen Scheiterns. Die historische Entwicklung dieser Figuren reicht von Randphänomenen der Populärkultur, wie Schaustellern, Wunderdoktoren und Wild-West-Hasardeuren, über Minstrel, Freak Show, Circus Side Show, Black Comedy und politischen Stand-up, bis hin zu einem erweiterten Show-Begriff in Sport, Musik, Wirtschaft und Politik. »The judge is high as a Georgia pine! Everybody is going to jail today! And to show you I don't mean nobody no good this morning I'm giving myself six months. And if I'm gonna do six months, district attorney, you can imagine what you're gonna do.« Pigmeat Markham
Wim Wenders
Authors: Fleig Horst
Published: May 2015

Etliche Spielfilme von Wim Wenders kreisen insgeheim, in einer hermetischen Bildersprache, um Gestalten der antiken Mythologie. Der verkappte Held gleich dreier seiner Filme ist der trickreiche Hermes, der sich in unterschiedlicher Manier und Absicht als moderner 'Seelenführer' zu bewähren hat. Auch Heroen und Götter der »Odyssee« holt Wenders quasi vom Sockel, setzt sie als unsere Zeitgenossen in Szene und lässt sie mit unterschiedlichem Erfolg agieren. Zu bewundern ist eine künstlerisch eigensinnige, so ernste wie witzige »Arbeit am Mythos«, die Wenders seit Jahrzehnten quasi ohne öffentliche Resonanz durchgehalten hat.
Kulturstaat Deutschland
Authors: Scheytt Oliver
Published: May 2015

Dieses Buch markiert ein neues und zeitgemäßes Verständnis von Kulturpolitik. Der Enquetebericht des Deutschen Bundestages »Kultur in Deutschland« von Ende 2007 hat deutlich werden lassen, dass unser Kulturstaat durch das Zusammenwirken von Staat, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft geprägt wird. Als Sachverständiges Mitglied der Kommission und einer der profiliertesten Kulturpolitiker plädiert Oliver Scheytt für eine »aktivierende Kulturpolitik«, die alle kreativen Kräfte mobilisiert. Aufgrund seiner Erfahrungen aus mehr als zwei Jahrzehnten Praxis in Kulturpolitik und Kulturmanagement hält er das Konzept einer »Kultur für alle« für überholt, da sich Kulturangebote angesichts von Globalisierung, Medialisierung und Pluralisierung zunehmend an wechselnde Minderheiten in der Kulturgesellschaft richten. Der Autor verabschiedet sich vom Bildungsbürgertum klassischer Prägung und fordert, das Individuum als »Kulturbürger« zum Bezugspunkt von Kulturpolitik zu machen.
Produktive Anarchie?
Authors: Taubert Niels
Published: May 2015

Freie Software erlaubt es jedermann, die Computerprogramme zu nutzen und zu verändern. Gestartet »von Experten für Experten« sind Linux, Firefox und Co. mittlerweile in einer Vielzahl von Anwendungsbereichen vertreten und machen der etablierten Software erfolgreich Konkurrenz. Der Band untersucht erstmalig aus soziologischer Perspektive Voraussetzungen und Bedingungen dieser Form der Softwareentwicklung. Es wird gezeigt, wie die zum Kollektivgut werdende Software eine bestimmte Organisation des Entwicklungsprozesses begründet, die ihrerseits wesentlich die Programmgestalt formt.
Women's Mental Health
Authors: Dech Heike
Published: May 2015

Obwohl die weitaus häufigste psychische Erkrankung, die Depression, große Geschlechterunterschiede aufweist, wird »Gender« als zentralem Gesundheitsfaktor bislang weder in der Forschung noch in der Behandlung hinreichend Rechnung getragen. Unter einer transkulturellen Perspektive ist dies von noch größerer Tragweite, da Frauen häufig in besonderer Weise von den negativen Auswirkungen von Urbanisation und Globalisierung betroffen sind. Am Beispiel einer stark benachteiligten Gruppe, nämlich afrikanischen Frauen in einem traditionellen Kontext, stellt die Autorin den Zusammenhang von sozialen Ursachen, Depressionsentstehung, kulturvarianten Ausdrucksformen und Krankheitserklärungskonzepten dar. Dieser in einer klinisch-empirischen Studie sorgfältig herausgearbeitete und anhand von Falldarstellungen veranschaulichte Befund unterstützt die in transkultureller Perspektive zunehmende Erkenntnis, dass gender- und kultursensible Behandlungsansätze gestärkt werden müssen.
Platons Schauspiel der Ideen
Authors: Schmidt Ulf
Published: May 2015

Als Platon das Theater aus seinem idealen Philosophenstaat ausweisen wollte, verurteilte er nicht einfach eine bestimmte Kunstform. Vielmehr wollte er eine an die Augen gebundene Wissensformation verbannen und durch eine neue, schrift- und logos-gebundene ersetzen. Allerdings zeigt sich nicht nur am Fortbestehen des Theaters, dass sich diese ältere Formation nicht verbannen lässt. In Platons Schriften selbst ist das phantasmatische Nachbild dieser Wissensformation aktiv: als die Schauspiele des un-toten Sokrates. Die Studie geht dem Verhältnis dieser Wissensformationen nach und analysiert dabei insbesondere die vielfältigen Funktionen des Sehens.
Erziehung bei Tisch
Authors: Audehm Kathrin
Published: May 2015

Die gemeinsame Mahlzeit zählt zu den wichtigsten Alltagsritualen in Familien. Im Rahmen einer pädagogischen Ethnographie wird in diesem Buch zum einen verdeutlicht, wodurch sich die soziale Situation bei Tisch von Gewohnheiten oder Routinen abhebt und mit der Kategorie »Ritual« sinnvoll untersucht werden kann. Zum anderen zeigt die umfangreiche empirische Analyse, wie sich bei Tisch die Konstitution der Familie im Hinblick auf die Anerkennung von Autorität vollzieht. In Anlehnung an Pierre Bourdieus Konzept der sozialen Magie wird der Zusammenhang von symbolischer Praxis, pädagogischen Interaktionen und Autoritätsstrukturen rekonstruiert. Das Tischritual erweist sich als ein Mittel der familialen Differenzbearbeitung, dessen pädagogisches Potential bislang unterschätzt wurde. Die Studie leistet einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Analyse von Familienritualen und ist wegweisend für die Erforschung pädagogischer Interaktionsformen.
Zwischen Bewusstseinsphilosophie und Naturalismus
Authors: Henrich Daniel C.
Published: May 2015

Im Gegensatz zu Adorno hat Habermas kein Interesse mehr daran, sich mit der Metaphysik im Augenblick ihres Sturzes solidarisch zu erklären. Daher behauptet er explizit, ohne »metaphysische Rückendeckung« zu philosophieren und macht dies auch theoriestrategisch deutlich. Die Studie untersucht zunächst die Strategie der Metaphysikkritik bei Habermas, um anschließend die Folgen dieses Vorgehens zu analysieren. Dabei kommt sie zu dem Schluss, dass Habermas eine Naturalisierungsstrategie einschlägt, deren Folgen auf die Konzeption der Diskursethik bisher nicht berücksichtigt worden sind. Dies hat zur Konsequenz, dass Habermas wichtige Aspekte seiner eigenen Ethik unterminiert und damit gerade jener Form von Naturalismus Vorschub leistet, die er eigentlich kritisieren wollte.
Zwischen Auflösung und Fixierung
Authors: Hanke Christine
Published: May 2015

Die Evidenz von ›Rasse‹ und ›Geschlecht‹ in der physischen Anthropologie um 1900 verdankt sich vor allem metrisch-statistischen Verfahren und mechanisch-objektiven Visualisierungen. Die materialreiche Studie analysiert die anthropologische Wissensproduktion als heterogenen, unabgeschlossenen Prozess, in dem ›rassische‹ und ›geschlechtliche‹ Differenzen hervorgebracht und gleichzeitig unterlaufen werden. Es wird eine medientheoretische und methodische Perspektive entworfen, die Diskursanalyse (Foucault) mit dekonstruktivistischer Lektürepraxis (Derrida, Butler) produktiv verbindet und an aktuelle Science Studies (Latour, Rheinberger) anknüpft.
Shanghai XXL
Authors: Schoon Sonia
Published: May 2015

Reform, Öffnung und rasante Globalisierung sorgen für eine extreme Entwicklungsdynamik in chinesischen Metropolen. Allen voran steht - als Vorzeigemodell - der ecdynamische Raum Shanghai: Hier treffen wirtschaftlicher, städtebaulicher, kultureller und sozialer Wandel in einer weltweit einzigartigen Intensität aufeinander. Diese Studie verbindet in einer speziell für diese neuen Phänomene entwickelten theoretischen Herangehensweise die vielfältig vernetzten Dimensionen des urbanen Wandels mit der mikroperspektivischen Sicht der jungen Bevölkerung auf ihre eigene Lebenswelt. So wird ein ganzheitlicher Zugang zum Raum der Zukunft ermöglicht.
Companies in Peace Processes
Authors: Joras Ulrike
Published: May 2015

The role of private companies in violent conflicts has gained increasingly more attention in recent years. Although the private sector is often associated with sustaining conflicts, companies are also assumed to be self-interested as well as able to support the prevention, settlement and transformation of violent conflicts. This book explores the role of the private business sector during the civil war and the peace process in Guatemala. It examines and analyses the corporate positions during this period, aiming to add to a better understanding on the potentials and limits of integrating private business actors in conflict transformation.
Subjektivität und Ästhetik
Authors: Szczepanski Jens
Published: May 2015

Das Buch widmet sich einer systematischen Rekonstruktion der ästhetisch bestimmten Subjektivität. Ausgehend von einer Analyse der neuzeitlichen (Subjekt-)Metaphysik werden dieser kritisch gegenüberstehende Theorieansätze gelesen, die unter dem Titel »Ästhetik« operieren. Damit wird versucht, konstruktiv an die Kritik der Subjektmetaphysik in den letzten Dekaden (u.a. durch Derrida) anzuschließen und ihre Ressourcen für eine zu dieser Metaphysik alternativen Theorie des Subjekts auszuloten. Die postmoderne Kritik am Subjekt führt nicht zu einer Nivellierung des Subjekts, sondern zu einer Neubeschreibung, die diese Kritik fruchtbar zu machen versucht.
Bewegung im Dazwischen
Authors: Lowinski Felicitas
Published: May 2015

Jugendliche bewegen sich in zahlreichen Zwischenräumen - und oftmals in belasteten Situationen. Dieses Buch zeigt, wie kulturelle Bildung besonders durch einen körperorientierten Ansatz die Lebenskunst junger Menschen fördern kann. Neu ist dabei die Verbindung des kreativen Tanzes mit gruppenpädagogischem Arbeiten. Dies wird in einem konkreten Projekt für sozial- und bildungsbenachteiligte Jugendliche vorgestellt. Das Ziel liegt darin, vielfältige körperliche Erfahrungen auch jenseits kulturell festgelegter Bilder neuartig erlebbar, spielerisch handhabbar, ironisch reflektierbar und eigenständig gestaltbar zu machen, da das junge Wissen vom eigenen Leben nicht im Denken aufgeht, sondern vom Bewegen und Fühlen mit beeinflusst wird.
Seeing the Novel, Reading the Film: Unveiling Masculinity, Englishness and Power Struggle in Arthur Conan Doyle’s The Hound of the Baskervilles
Authors: Simonova Strout Irina I.
Published: May 2015

Masculinity as a notion encompasses a number of identities, including psychic and social ones. During the late Victorian and early Edwardian period, masculinity as a construct underwent many changes, which affected notions of work, property ownership, sexuality, as well as power struggle with men-rivals and women. The concept of ‘manliness’ became a new moral code as well as a social imperative. Embracing this ideal was a challenging and testing experience for many men as they negotiated power, privilege and status in both the private and the public spheres of life. The Edwardian age, a transitional time in British history, became preoccupied with the consequences of the Boer Wars, gender formation, imperial policy, economic changes and many other factors. This article explores the paradigms of English masculinity and the construction of male identity as a cultural signifier in Arthur Conan Doyle’s novel The Hound of the Baskervilles and its Russian film adaptation by Igor Maslennikov. Doyle contextualizes multiple facets of masculinity from the normative to the transgressive, from the private to the public, as well as from the effeminate to the manly as his characters are affected by the anxieties and tensions of their society. After an in-depth analysis of manhood in the novel, the focus of the article shifts to Maslennikov’s adaptation and its cinematic use of the literary text, as the film interrogates masculine codes of behavior, relationships with women and the male power struggle represented in the novel. The film becomes a visual interpretation and a powerful enhancement of the narrative’s tensions and concerns.
American Art Criticism between the Cultural and the Ideological (I)
Authors: Gherasim Gabriel C.
Published: May 2015

Starting from the presupposition that art and art criticism in the United States of America are closely linked and that the very meanings and receptions of art works have been reflected by various writings in the field of art criticism, this first part of a comprehensive study on the topic attempts, on the one hand, to divide the historical evolution of American fine arts and art criticism into several distinct periods, and on the other, to evaluate the major directions of art criticism by considering its historical periods as being markedly ideological or cultural, as the case may be. Thus, considering the approximately 150 years of historical accomplishments of art criticism in the United States, I will argue that the starting point of American art criticism is visibly cultural, while the next two periods are characterised by ideological art criticism, noting that the ideological orientation differs in the two time frames. The fourth moment in the evolution of art criticism marks the revival of the cultural, so that, within the fifth, the postmodern art criticism could no longer grasp a clear distinction between the cultural and the ideological. The present article will focus on the first two important orientations in art criticism in the United States, 1865-1900 and 1908-1940, respectively; a future study will consider the remaining three periods, following this historicist approach of art criticism in the United States.
The Endoscopic Treatment of the Temporomandibular Joint with Internal Disorders
Authors: Jurkemik J. , Gengelova P. , Janickova M. , Malachovsky I. , Rozic L. , Statelova D.
Published: May 2015

The aim of the study is the evaluation of the clinical outcome and effectiveness of the arthroscopic procedures of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in cases resistant to the conservative therapy. The monitored group consisted of 31 patients, who underwent the arthroscopy of the TMJ and have been followed up for 3 years. The followed up patients have underwent a MRI examination of TMJ. The authors evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment in relationship to the clinical picture, radiodiagnostical imaging methods and to the arthroscopy of the TMJ.
Development and optimization of the activated charcoal suspension composition based on a mixture design approach
Authors: Ronowicz Joanna , Kupcewicz Bogumiła , Pałkowski Łukasz , Krysiński Jerzy
Published: May 2015

In this study, a new drug product containing activated charcoal was designed and developed. The excipient levels in the pharmaceutical formulation were optimized using a mixture design approach. The adsorption power of the activated charcoal suspension was selected as the critical quality attribute influencing the efficacy of medical treatment. Significant prognostic models (p < 0.05) were obtained to describe in detail the interrelations between excipient levels and the adsorption power of the formulation. Liquid flavour had a critical impact on the adsorption power of the suspension. Formulations containing the largest amount of liquid flavour showed the lowest adsorption power. Sorbitol was not adsorbed onto activated charcoal so strongly as liquid flavour. A slight increase in the content of carboxymethylcellulose sodium led to a marked decrease in adsorption power. The obtained mathematical models and response surface allowed selection of the optimal composition of excipients in a final drug product