bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Road Travel Time Prediction Based on Improved Graph Convolutional Network
Authors: Xu Miao , Liu Hongfei
Published: November 2021

Travel time prediction is playing an increasingly important part in advanced traveler information system (ATIS), which is of great significance to alleviate urban traffic congestion. Although graph convolutional networks have been widely used in road network traffic prediction, spatiotemporal dynamic modeling of urban traffic is still an intractable task. In this study, we propose an improved graph convolutional network (IGC-Net) for travel time prediction. Specifically, we design a modified adjacency matrix by fusing distance and correlation matrix with original adjacency matrix to capture spatial dynamic feature. We then establish three components based on temporal property to capture recent, daily-periodic, and weekly periodic correlations. The comparison experiments with baseline models and variants on a real-world dataset in Beijing are conducted. The results show that the IGC-Net outperforms baseline models in different prediction horizons and has stronger robustness for dynamic traffic prediction.
A Novel Study of Synthesis and Experimental Investigation on Hybrid Biocomposites for Biomedical Orthopedic Application
Authors: Rao C. V. Subba , Sabitha R. , Murugan P. , Rao S. Rama , Anitha K. , Rao Y. Sesha
Published: November 2021

In recent years the biocomposites are highly utilized in the biomedical applications, due to excellent strength as well as weight ratio. A lot of natural fibers, namely, flax, hemp, jute, kenaf, and sisal are cheaply available in colossal amount. Aim of this study, a novel approach, is executed for construction of biomedical orthopedic parts by using mixture of natural fibers. This work handled biocomposites such as flax fiber (FX), chicken feather fiber (CF), kenaf fiber (KF), and rice husk fiber (RH) effectively. From all these composites, four sets of mixed fibers with reinforcement of polylactic acid polymer used for creating orthopedic parts. The hand-lay-based methodology is undertaken for preparation of hybrid biocomposites. Parameters involved for this study are fiber types (KF + RH, RH + FX, FX + CF, and CF + KF), laminate count (2, 4, 6 and 8) infill density (30%, 60%, 90%, and 120%), and raster angle (0/60, 30/120, 50/140, and 70/160). Finding of this work is dimensional accuracy, flexural strength, and shore hardness that are analyzed by L16 orthogonal array. ANOVA statistical analysis is enhanced and enlightens the results of flexural strength and source hardness of the biocomposites. Amongst in four parameters, the fiber type parameter extremely contributes such as 40.50% in the flexural analysis. Similarly, laminate count parameter highly contributes such as 31.01% in the shore hardness analysis.
Taming the Factor Zoo: New Evidence from China
Authors: Chen Dongxu , Shen Xieyang , Liu Tao
Published: November 2021

We address the well-known “factor zoo” problem in the Chinese stock market. By replicating a generation of pricing factors, we verify the Liu–Stambaugh–Yuan four-factor model which subsumes other counterparts in the Chinese A-share market. We further construct a characteristic library and apply the double-selection LASSO approach to explore whether significant anomalies contribute to current pricing factors. We find that some anomalies indeed play a significant role in pricing cross-sectional returns, but the improvement to the Liu–Stambaugh–Yuan four-factor model is limited.
CT Image Feature Diagnosis on the Basis of Deep Learning Algorithm for Preoperative Patients and Complications of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Zheng Xiong , Qian Zhang , Wang Xiaofang , Zhang Zhen , Liu Lei
Published: November 2021

This work was aimed to explore the role of CT angiography information provided by deep learning algorithm in the diagnosis and complications of the disease focusing on congenital aortic valve disease and severe aortic valve stenosis. 120 patients who underwent ultrasound cardiography for aortic stenosis and underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in hospital were selected as the research objects. Patients received CT examination of deep learning algorithm within one week. The measurement methods were long and short diameter method, area method, and perimeter method. The deep learning algorithm was used to measure the long and short diameter, area, and perimeter of the target area before CT image processing. The results showed that the average diameter of long and short diameter measurement was 95% CI (0.84, 0.92), the average diameter of perimeter measurement was 95% CI (0.68, 0.87), and the average diameter of area measurement was 95% CI (0.72, 0.91). Among the 52 patients, 35 cases were hypertension (67%), 13 cases were diabetes (25%), 6 cases were chronic renal insufficiency (Cr > 2 mg/dL) (11%) (2 cases were treated with hemodialysis, 3.8%), 11 patients had chronic pulmonary disease (21%), 9 patients had cerebrovascular disease (17.3%) and atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation. Deep learning can achieve excellent results in CT image processing, and it was of great significance for the diagnosis of TAVI patients, improving the success rate of treatment and the prognosis of patients.
Genetic Analysis of Acid β-Glucosidase in Patients with Multiple Myeloma from Central Taiwan: A Small-Cohort Case-Control Study
Authors: Lin Wei-De , Tsai Fuu-Jen
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable, biologically heterogeneous disease of the plasma cells, associated with older age and is more common in men. Gaucher disease, caused by mutation in acid β-glucosidase (glucocerebrosidase, GBA) gene, has been linked to multiple cancers, especially MM. Pathological accumulation of glucosylceramide and complex glycosphingolipids coupled with chronic inflammation may be the cause of cancer in patients with Gaucher disease. In this study, we hypothesized patients with MM have mutations in the GBA gene and analyzed patients with MM to determine whether they have a higher frequency of GBA variants. Methods: Twenty-four MM samples were acquired from the Human Biobank, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. GBA mutations were detected by polymerase chain reaction-directed DNA sequencing. Results: We found no mutations in the coding regions of GBA in any of the 24 study subjects. However, two single-nucleotide polymorphisms, rs2070679 and rs2361534, were identified. A significant difference was observed between the study and control groups (p = 0.0028) in rs2361534 allele distribution, with the C allele frequency being higher in patients (1/48, 2.1%) than in the control group (5/3030, 0.16%, Taiwan Biobank). Conclusion: In this study, the sample size was limited and GBA enzyme activity was not measured; therefore, we could not establish a direct correlation between MM and GBA mutations. However, the association of rs2361534 suggests that regions around this single-nucleotide polymorphism may be involved in MM. The relationship between MM and GBA mutations remains unclear. A large sample is required for a detailed analysis of this potential relationship.
Modernismo global: um olhar a partir de Nova York
Authors: Karmel Pepe
Published: November 2021

Enquanto crítico de arte, historiador e curador cuja carreira iniciou-se em Nova York em 1980, eu cumpri uma longa jornada da minha formação eurocêntrica à minha atual orientação global como autor e docente. Essa mudança foi motivada pelo meu envolvimento com a arte contemporânea: seu caráter “pós-moderno” a torna inerentemente mais aberta à perspectiva pós-colonial. A criação de uma história global do modernismo de 1870 a 1970 ainda é um desafio, no entanto. A narrativa convencional da arte moderna como uma série de inovações formais está assentada de modo incontornável na Europa e América do Norte. A história do modernismo global precisa, ao invés disso, abordar a arte moderna como uma série de respostas à mudança econômica, social e política.
Humanism and Sustainable Development
Authors: Davidson Marc D.
Published: November 2021

Just as other philosophies of life, humanism has to position itself in the societal debate on sustainability. In this article, various tendencies in humanism are discussed that may have contributed to our disturbed relationship with our environment. At the same time, it is also shown that humanism can do without these tendencies and that humanism has a unique voice to offer in the sustainability debate. Because humanists do not believe in a metaphysical afterlife, but instead believe that life only continues here on Earth, humanists in particular have a reason to ensure that the projects to which we contribute and which we cherish have the opportunity to continue to flourish in the future. Without the prospect of a sustainable development, our ability to attach meaning to our present lives diminishes, at least if we are looking for secular sources of meaning.
On Knowing and Seeing: Groundwork for a New Empiricism
Authors: Sickinger Mira Magdalena
Published: November 2021

This is a discussion note on Michael Ayers’ Knowing and Seeing. Groundwork for a New Empiricism.
At Work in the Fields of the True
Authors: Travis Charles
Published: November 2021

This essay outlines a certain 20th century Oxonian tradition in epistemology, contrasting it with another line of thought set out by Michael Ayers. The tradition begins with Cook Wilson and the idea that knowing is never having evidence, no matter how strong. It takes a turn in J.L. Austin, introducing two ideas into philosophy: disjunctivism and occasion-sensitivity. The last section considers whether either can really live without the other. The first part of the essay is a general consideration of the relation between two forms of awareness: perceptual, and ‘propositional’ (awareness-that), and of how the first may furnish proof of the second. The second part considers Ayers’ view of the relation, particularly as expressed in his idea of primary and secondary knowledge, and its relation to disjunctivism about knowledge.
Reflexivity, Realism, and Consciousness
Authors: Madden Rory
Published: November 2021

The author raises a puzzle about the compatibility of the two features which, according to Ayers, jointly characterize paradigmatic cases of seeing, viz. ‘perspicuity’ and ‘immediacy’. In Section 1, the author explains why Ayers’s explanation of these two features suggests an inconsistent combination of reflexivity and realism about sense experience. Some of Ayers’s comments about our awareness of causation suggest a way of giving up on reflexivity. In Section 2, the author uses a thought-experiment to support the view that realism rather than reflexivity ought to be given up. In Section 3, the author gives a further reason for Ayers to take this option: it furnishes a response to a troublesome challenge concerning the epistemic significance of consciousness, a challenge which Ayers himself anticipates at the end of Chapter 2 of Knowing and Seeing but does not fully resolve.
The Challenge of Evil in Islamic Thought: A Brief Survey
Authors: Rizvi Sajjad , Terrier Mathieu
Published: November 2021

The challenge of evil to rational Abrahamic religions has clearly been articulated in modern philosophy of religion predicated on the incompatibility of the omnipotence, omnibenevolence, and omniscience of God with the existence of evils. Even within the Islamic theological and philosophical traditions, there is a venerable history of theodicies and defences of a good God and the efficacy of human free will. That is the context in which we wish to locate the contributions in this special issue that examine the ways in which evil is considered in Islamic philosophical accounts (particularly of the Šiʿi traditions) from the classical period to the present.
The Role of Government Measures in University-Industry Collaboration for Economic Growth: A Comparative Study across Levels of Economic Development
Authors: Kopczynska Ewa , Ferreira Joao J.
Published: November 2021

Nowadays, countries across the world aspire to increase their innovation for the common good. In this scope, and among others, the Triple Helix thesis emphasizes the role of collaboration between stakeholders from academia, industry and government to bring about effective innovation. Despite efforts to encourage university-industry (U-I) collaboration, bridging U-I barriers remains among the relevant economic and policy challenges. Among other aspects, it has been argued that the tendency to transfer tools from developed to underdeveloped countries hinders the capacity to obtain the full potential of U-I collaboration. As no empirical study validating such hypothesis has been identified, our study tests i/ whether U-I collaboration has a different impact on growth depending on the level of economic development, ii/ whether the impacts of specific governmental measures on U-I collaboration differ at different levels of economic development. Our findings suggest that up till now the potential of U-I collaboration remains underutilized across all levels of development. Our results show that diversified policy measures are relevant at different development levels. Furthermore, their relevance may also evolve over time. However, such factors as quality of research institutions and private R&D investments are critical across development levels and time.
Laemophloeus souzalimai, a new species of lined flat bark beetle (Coleoptera, Cucujoidea, Laemophloeidae) from Southeast Brazil
Authors: BENTO MATHEUS
Published: November 2021

Distinctive, remarkable specimens from Bauru, São Paulo state, Brazil are recognized as a new species of the genus Laemophloeus Dejean (sensu stricto), which is described and illustrated in this paper. Laemophloeus souzalimai sp. nov. is most similar to L. germaini Grouvelle and can be readily distinguished from all New World species of the genus by the dorsal color testaceous, without elytral maculae, antennal club of 6 antennomeres, genal processes anteriorly projected, male head with somewhat pedunculated eyes, and frons with a broad, V-shaped impressed line. Additionally, the preexisting key to Laemophloeus species with antennal club of 6 or more antennomeres is modified to include the new species, and new records for five Brazilian species of the genus are provided.
Hugh of St. Victor: Medieval Wisdom for Modern Educators
Authors: Sullivan John William
Published: November 2021

Using Hugh of St. Victor (1096–1141) as an example, the article outlines key features of medieval educational assumptions and practices that can be drawn upon to challenge and offer an alternative to the ethos and priorities in universities today. Hugh’s writings are analysed with a view to demonstrating how an approach to education that is illuminated by religious faith has the resources to provide a more holistic route to higher learning than is currently available. His understanding of the arts, reading, memory and restoration, together with his treatment of the discipline of the body, the role of example and imitation, and the influence of living in community on student learning – all combine to promote rationality, realism and virtue in service of wisdom.
Prediction and evaluation of health state for power battery based on Ridge linear regression model
Authors: Huang Bixiong , Liao Haiyu , Wang Yiquan , Liu Xintian , Yan Xiao
Published: November 2021

The state of health (SOH) of power battery reflects the difference between the current performance of the battery and the time it left the factory. Accurate prediction of it is the key to improving battery cycle efficiency. This paper studies the application of data-driven algorithms in power battery health estimation. Firstly, Using the data of actual operating vehicles which are monitoring in the data platform as the research objects. The charging event segmentation algorithm is designed for the full amount of data, and the K-means clustering model is used to extract slow charging events. Secondly, feature engineering is performed on the data, including the use of Pearson and Spearman coefficients analysis for numerical features, the use of one-hot encoding for category features to determine the final input features of SOH model. Eventually, using the Ridge linear regression model to predict the health status of the power battery. The research shows that the MAE is less than 5%, which meets the needs of practical use. In addition, this paper comparing Ridge with three other models named Linear Regression, Lasso, and Elastic Net. The result showed that the linear regression model with L2 regularization is more applicable in low-dimensional feature application scenarios without cell data in prediction of SOH.
Analyzing factorial survey data with structural equation models
Authors: Weijters Bert , Davidov Eldad , Baumgartner Hans
Published: November 2021

In factorial survey designs, respondents evaluate multiple short descriptions of social objects (vignettes) that experimentally vary different levels of attributes of interest. Analytical methods (including individual-level regression analysis and multilevel models) estimate the weights (or utilities) assigned to the levels of the different attributes by participants to arrive at an overall response to the vignettes. In the current paper, we explain how data from factorial surveys can be analyzed in a structural equation modeling framework using an approach called structural equation modeling for within-subject experiments. We review the use of factorial surveys in social science research, discuss typically used methods to analyze factorial survey data, introduce the structural equation modeling for within-subject experiments approach, and present an empirical illustration of the proposed method. We conclude by describing several extensions, providing some practical recommendations, and discussing potential limitations.
Korean Immigrant Fathers’ Perceptions and Attitudes Toward Their Parenting Involvement
Authors: Choi Kyung-Mee , Kim Caleb , Jones Brady
Published: November 2021

This paper examines Korean immigrant fathers’ lived experiences of their parenting involvement by using interpretative phenomenological analysis of seven participants who were recruited through Korean ethnic churches in a Midwestern city. In semi-structured interviews, we explored five main areas affecting Korean immigrant fathers’ perceptions and attitudes toward parenting involvement and found the following issues to be especially salient for participants: limited acculturation progress, economic difficulties, low self-esteem, experiences of intergenerational conflict, and involvement in religious faith and church activities. This study contributes to the field’s understanding of Korean immigrant fathers’ perceptions of intergenerational and intercultural conflicts when raising their Americanized children and underlines for mental health providers the importance of providing culturally competent parenting education on the topic of positive fathering.
Evaluation of the relationship between placental stiffness measured by shear wave elastography and perinatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Anuk Ali Taner , Tanacan Atakan , Erol Seyit Ahmet , Alkan Mihriban , Altinboga Orhan , Oguz Yuksel , Celen Sevki , Keskin Huseyin Levent , Sahin Dilek
Published: November 2021

Background

Recently, studies on placental elastography in high-risk pregnancies continue to increase. The shear wave technique can contribute to the management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and improve perinatal outcomes by measuring placental stiffness. Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between placental stiffness measured by shear wave elastography (SWE) and perinatal outcomes in women with GDM. Material and Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at our hospital between March and October 2020. The participants were divided into three groups: GDM-A1 group (regulated by dietary modifications); GDM-A2 group (needed pharmacologic treatment); and low-risk pregnancy (LRP) group. Both SWE and shear wave velocity (SWV) were measured in the placenta during pregnancy.

Results

In total, 111 women were included in the study. The mean SWE (kPa) values for the GDM-A1, GDM-A2, and LRP groups were 10.4 (range 3.1–23.3), 13 (range 4.3–29.6), and 8.3 (range 3.2–15.1), respectively. The mean HbA1c and fasting glucose values of diabetes groups showed strongly positive correlation with mean SWE and SWV values ( P < 0.001, r=0.875; P < 0.001, r=0.856; P < 0.001, r=0.791; P < 0.001, r=0.740), respectively. The SWE values of central maternal and fetal surfaces of the placenta ( P=0.01, r=0.242; P < 0.001, r=0.333) showed a moderately positive correlation with admission to the neonatal intensive care unit.

Conclusion

Placental stiffness has increased in the GDM-A2 group when compared to the GDM-A1 and LRP groups. We also observed a strong positive correlation between HbA1c, fasting glucose values, and increased elasticity values in diabetic patients with metabolic dysregulation that may have clinical value.
“Based on a true story” podcast: a journey into the world of young patients with cancer
Authors: Ferrari Andrea , Silva Matteo , Facchetti Gianfelice , Patriccioli Alice , Grampa Paolo , Casanova Michela , Livellara Virginia , Signoroni Stefano , Clerici Carlo Alfredo , Massimino Maura
Published: November 2021

This article describes a creative project undertaken by a group of adolescent and young adult patients with cancer as part of the Milan’s Youth Project, a scheme dedicated to young patients with cancer with the dual aim of optimizing medical aspects of their care and promoting a holistic approach to their needs. The project was based on audio recordings and focused on the theme of “the journey,” such as a holiday or an adventure, or as a metaphor of the cancer experience. The podcast installments were published on the main streaming platforms. Talking about their disease and how they feel is of importance for young patients to process their feelings surrounding the cancer experience and to find the inner resources they need to facilitate coping.
Visualizing clustering characteristics of multidimensional arable land quality indexes at the county level in mainland China
Authors: Ye Sijing , Song Changqing , Gao Peichao , Liu Chenyu , Cheng Changxiu
Published: November 2021

The evaluation of the arable land ecosystem services capacity and arable land use intensity is important for recognizing regional key factors that impact the change of arable land attributes. A chronic lack of cooperation persists between these two fields of study, which makes providing sufficient information to support developing arable land use management and control policies difficult. In this study, the clustering characteristics of four arable land quality indexes have been assessed using the K-means algorithm to indicate the regional coordination between arable land resource protection and arable land use. The clustering results have been visualized using circular cartogram. This study can contribute to the identification of key regional challenges in China's arable land use and help to build the framework of other countries’ arable land protection policies.
‘SYRIZA and Podemos, we shall overcome’? Left transnational cooperation in times of crisis
Authors: Bortun Vladimir
Published: November 2021

The Eurozone crisis and its austerity-centred management opened up a fertile ground for the so-called ‘radical left parties’ (RLPs) and their anti-austerity agenda. Moreover, it provided a unique opportunity for this party family to enhance its rather underdeveloped transnational cooperation. Sharing several objective and subjective features, SYRIZA (Greece) and Podemos (Spain) – arguably the two most prominent European RLPs today – seemed particularly well-placed to develop a strong transnational cooperation. However, the current literature has hardly addressed whether such expectations have been borne out. Indeed, despite a recently increased interest in the radical left, there are still very few studies focusing on the transnational cooperation among RLPs. Building on documentary research and qualitative elite interviews covering the 2014–2017 period, the article has two main objectives: first, to map the cooperation between SYRIZA and Podemos by identifying the key channels and actors of this process; second, to assess their cooperation over said period, with a focus on the factors fuelling and obstructing it. The article argues that the relationship between the two parties reached its peak around SYRIZA’s electoral victory in January 2015 but declined following its deal with the ‘Troika’ 6 months later, which blatantly contradicted SYRIZA’s anti-austerity programme. It is shown that while the main incentives behind their cooperation have been their shared opposition to neoliberalism, the European Union’s (EU) reaction to the crisis, and the similarities in their countries’ economic situations, the main obstacles hindering that cooperation have been the primacy of national politics and the diverging views on the EU. The findings arguably provide useful insights for the wider left transnational cooperation today, in a time of renewed global capitalist crisis, when such cooperation is perhaps more relevant than ever.
Nonprofit Role Classification Using Mission Descriptions and Supervised Machine Learning
Authors: LePere-Schloop Megan
Published: November 2021

Scholars have used both quantitative and qualitative approaches to empirically study nonprofit roles. Mission statements and program descriptions often reflect such roles, however, until recently collecting and classifying a large sample has been labor-intensive. This research note uses data on United Ways that e-filed their 990 forms and supervised machine learning to illustrate an approach for classifying a large set of mission descriptions by roles. Temporal and geographic variation in roles detected in mission statements suggests that such an approach may be fruitful in future research.
The Nonprofit Starvation Cycle: Does Overhead Spending Really Impact Program Outcomes?
Authors: Altamimi Hala , Liu Qiaozhen
Published: November 2021

The nonprofit starvation cycle raises a fundamental question about the impact of overhead spending on nonprofit program outcomes and organizational effectiveness. We test this relationship using data on the U.S. nonprofit arts and cultural subsector from 2008 to 2018. Contrary to the conventional wisdom that lower overhead is better, the results of different model specifications consistently show an optimal level of overhead captured by an inverted U-shaped relationship between the overhead cost ratio and program outcomes. Increased spending on overhead can improve program outcomes up to the optimal point. Beyond this point, further spending on overhead can yield negative returns. The study contributes to correcting the unrealistic expectations surrounding overhead costs and argues for investing more in building sustainable nonprofit capacity. We discuss the implications of our findings for nonprofit charity monitors, donors, scholars, and other stakeholders concerned about nonprofit accountability and effectiveness.
Servant Leadership, Volunteer Retention, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Nonprofit Organizations: Examining the Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction
Authors: Ngah Nor Syamaliah , Abdullah Nor Liza , Mohd Suki Norazah
Published: November 2021

Nonprofit organizations (NPOs) face great challenges in attracting and retaining volunteers due to the short-term nature of most voluntary posts. This study examines the mediating effect of job satisfaction on the relationship between servant leadership and volunteer retention and organizational citizenship behavior in NPOs among university students in the context of a developing nation. The Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach reveals that job satisfaction is the most important predictor of volunteer retention in NPOs. Moreover, the significantly mediating effects of job satisfaction on the relationship between servant leadership and volunteer retention and organizational citizenship behavior in NPOs is evinced. Volunteers report being highly satisfied with the NPOs’ communication of their vision and mission and confirm that they are provided with support networks when volunteer-related problems occur and when they are autonomous in fulfilling their volunteer assignments.
Nonprofit Board Governance Policy Adoption: Toward an Integrated Board Interlock Network and Institutional Perspectives
Authors: Yoon Nara
Published: November 2021

Previous research lags behind in illuminating theoretical mechanisms that shape governance decision-making on board practices. Using an integrated theoretical approach, I examine how board interlock network and institutional factors are associated with board governance policy adoption in nonprofit organizations. A linear regression model is employed to investigate policies adopted by a panel of public charities in three cities in Upstate New York during 2008 and 2014. Results show that not only the presence of board interlock networks but also central network positions relate to extensive policy adoption. Results also reveal that the use of paid professionals in management relates to institutional isomorphism reflected by more extensive governance policy adoption. These results provide insights for nonprofit leaders seeking to facilitate good governance practices by paying attention to board members’ affiliations and institutional environment considerations.
Research issues in breastfeeding
Authors: Dadhich JP
Published: November 2021

Enough scientific evidence is available in favour of breastfeeding as the optimal way of providing nutrition to the newborn infants and the preferred way of feeding in the sick neonates. Global and national guidelines for infant feeding recommend initiation of breastfeeding with in one hour of birth and exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life. However, it remains a challenge to implement these recommendations. There are several factors such as traditional practices, cultural beliefs, availability of skilled support to the lactating mother, commercial influence, maternity benefits, hospital practices, infant feeding in HIV positive mothers etc. which impacts successful breastfeeding. Though a variety of published literature is available on these subjects, there is a need to have more studies. This article is an attempt to highlight some of these issues.
Researchable issues in neonatal sepsis
Authors: Dutta Sourabh
Published: November 2021

Sepsis is the major killer of neonates in our country and the rates of neonatal sepsis are 10–20 times that of the developed countries. However, most of the information related to diagnosis or management comes from the western world. There are numerous clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic issues which need local context specific research in view of the different profile of organisms and their epidemiology.
Research issues in perinatal HIV
Authors: Balakrishna Hari , Nanavati Ruchi N. , Mondkar Jayashree A. , Kabra Nandkishor
Published: November 2021

India has a huge burden of maternally transmitted HIV. There are unique socio-cultural, economic, nutritional and system issues which require different approaches and solutions. This article summarizes the major research issues and gaps in knowledge in the Indian set-up,
Meningococcal Disease Burden in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ghia Canna Jagdish , Rambhad Gautam Sudhakar
Published: November 2021

Objective:

To perform systematic review and meta-analysis of meningococcal disease burden in India.

Methods:

We searched publications on meningococcal disease in India between 1996 and 2020 using PubMed and Google Scholar. Prevalence (proportion) of Meningococcal meningitis and Case-fatality ratio (CFR) were pooled using random effects model. Other outcomes were pooled qualitatively.

Results:

The prevalence of Meningococcal meningitis in epidemic and endemic conditions was 12.1% (95% CI: 5.2-21.4) and 0.76% (95% CI: 0.3-1.4), respectively, with a CFR of 12.8% (95% CI: 6.8-20.4) in epidemic settings; N. meningitis caused 3.2% (95% CI: 1.6-5.3) of Acute Bacterial Meningitis (ABM) cases in endemic settings. The disease appeared in infants, adolescents, and adults with Serogroup A prevalence. Treatment and prophylaxis were limited to antibiotics despite increased resistance.

Conclusion:

The study reveals epidemic and endemic presence of the disease in India with high fatality and serogroup A prevalence. Further monitoring and immunization are required to prevent outbreaks.
Public pedagogy and leadership in sports organisations: Futebol dá força for sustainability?
Authors: Andersson Erik
Published: November 2021

Sport is a key educational and leadership arena for societal change and today’s sustainability challenges. Sports organisations have the potential to provide, initiate and create processes, situations and spaces for learning, socialisation and meaning making that go beyond traditional schooling and lead community change and capacity building towards sustainable development. This article is located in the research fields of public pedagogy and the intersection of leadership and sport for development, and contributes knowledge about how sports organisations’ public pedagogical practices and leadership support community change towards sustainability. The study is confined to soccer and the non-governmental sports organisation Futebol dá força (Football gives strength). The approach of public pedagogical leadership is developed and used to analyse and reflect on the function of sports organisations’ pedagogical leadership in community change and capacity building towards sustainability.
Gaze correlates of view preference: Comparing natural and urban scenes
Authors: Batool A , Rutherford P , McGraw P , Ledgeway T , Altomonte S
Published: November 2021

When looking out of a window, natural views are usually associated with restorative qualities and are given a higher preference than urban scenes. Previous research has shown that gaze behaviour might differ based on the natural or urban content of views. A lower number of fixations has been associated with the aesthetic evaluation of natural scenes while, when looking at an urban environment, a high preference has been correlated with more exploratory gaze behaviours. To characterise gaze correlates of view preference across natural and urban scenes, we collected and analysed experimental data featuring subjective preference ratings, eye-tracking measures, verbal reasoning associated with preference and nature relatedness scores. Consistent with the literature, our results confirm that natural scenes are more preferred than urban views and that gaze behaviours depend on view type and preference. Observing natural scenes was characterised by lower numbers of fixations and saccades, and longer fixation durations, compared to urban views. However, for both view types, most preferred scenes led to more fixations and saccades. Our findings also showed that nature relatedness may be correlated with visual exploration of scenes. Individual preferences and personality attributes, therefore, should be accounted for in studies on view preference and gaze behaviour.
Ethics of care and moral resilience in health care practice: A scoping review
Authors: Selvakumar Sharon , Kenny Belinda
Published: November 2021

Background

Ethics of care provides a framework for health care professionals to manage ethical dilemmas and moral resilience may mitigate stress associated with the process and outcomes of ethical reasoning. This review addresses the empirical study of ethics of care and moral resilience, published in the health care literature, and identifies potential research gaps.

Methods and procedure

Arksey O’Malley's framework was adopted to conduct this scoping review. A literature search was conducted across six databases: CINAHL Plus with full text, PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Scopus and MEDLINE. We collected and synthesised information on the nature of studies including study design, methods and key findings.

Results

While there is an abundance of literature describing the potential strengths of an ethics of care approach to ethical reasoning and growing interest in the role of moral resilience in protecting against moral distress, both concepts have received little empirical attention. A total of six relevant publications were selected for review. No studies explored the relationship between ethics of care and moral resilience. However, studies focused upon ethics of care approach as a facilitator of patient-practitioner professional relationships and effective ethical decision making in health care practice. Current evidence explores key characteristics consistent with moral resilience in health care professionals.

Conclusion

This review identified a dearth of research in ethics of care and moral resilience in healthcare practice. Further empirical investigation may provide a deeper understanding of the translation of ethics of care and moral resilience to health care practice to facilitate workplace culture.
A Comparison of Complications and Reoperations Between Open Reduction and Internal Fixation Versus Primary Arthrodesis Following Lisfranc Injury
Authors: So Eric , Lee Jonathan , Pershing Michelle L. , Chu Anson K. , Wilson Matthew , Halaharvi Chandana , Mandas Vincent , Hyer Christopher F.
Published: November 2021

There is a lack of consensus in the literature regarding optimal treatment methods for Lisfranc injuries, and recent literature has emphasized the need to compare open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with primary arthrodesis (PA). The purpose of the current study is to compare reoperation and complication rates between ORIF and PA following Lisfranc injury in a private, outpatient, orthopaedic practice. A retrospective chart review was performed on patients undergoing operative intervention for Lisfranc injury between January 2009 and September 2015. A total of 196 patients met the inclusion criteria (130 ORIF, 66 PA), with a mean follow-up of 61.3 and 81.7 weeks, respectively. The ORIF group had a higher reoperation rate than the PA group, due to hardware removal. When hardware removals were excluded, the reoperation rate was similar. Postsurgical complications were compared between the 2 groups with no significant difference. In conclusion, ORIF and PA had similar complication rates. When hardware removals were excluded, the reoperation rates were similar, although hardware removals were more common in the ORIF group compared with the PA group.

Levels of Evidence: Level III
What's Playing in Your Waiting Room? Patient and Provider Stress and the Impact of Waiting Room Media
Authors: Fryburg David A.
Published: November 2021

Patients enter the healthcare space shouldering a lot of personal stress. Concurrently, health care providers and staff are managing their own personalstressors as well as workplace stressors. As stress can negatively affect the patient–provider experience and cognitive function of both individuals, it is imperative to try to uplift the health care environment for all. Part of the healthcare environmental psychology strategy to reduce stress often includes televisions in waiting rooms, cafeterias, and elsewhere, with the intent to distract the viewer and make waiting easier. Although well-intentioned, many select programming which can induce stress (eg, news). In contrast, as positive media can induce desirable changes in mood, it is possible to use it to decrease stress and uplift viewers, including staff. Positive media includes both nature media, which can relax and calm viewers and kindness media, which uplifts viewers, induces calm, and promotes interpersonal connection and generosity. Careful consideration of waiting room media can affect the patient–provider experience.
Community Effectiveness of Masks and Vaccines
Authors: Moody James W. , Keister Lisa A. , Pasquale Dana K.
Published: November 2021

Recent controversies about wearing masks and getting vaccinated to slow the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 highlight the potential for individual rights and decision making to create widespread community-level outcomes. There is little work demonstrating the collective spillover effects of pandemic mitigation efforts. The authors contribute by visualizing the proportion of unvaccinated people who would become infected at different combinations of mask wearing and vaccination in a hypothetical community. A common pattern emerges across all assumptions: below some joint threshold of mask and vaccination rates, almost all unvaccinated people will eventually become infected, and beyond that threshold there is a steep drop leading to widespread community-level protection. What differs across settings is the timing and shape of the drop-off after crossing the threshold. The authors conclude that masking and vaccination are sensible and in the best interest of the population.
From Future Orientation to Readiness for Reentry: An Exploratory Study of Prelease Cognitions of Incarcerated Men
Authors: Vuk Mateja , Applegate Brandon K.
Published: November 2021

The literature suggests that individual characteristics of offenders are related to cognitive patterns before their release from prison. Empirical evidence shows that such cognitions can influence the extent to which offenders take an active role in rehabilitation. Given that many studies upon which these conclusions are made are dated, qualitative, or use bivariate analyses, it is unclear how salient, strong, and significant these associations are. Therefore, the aim of this exploratory study is to identify the factors that are associated with two prelease cognitions, future orientation and readiness for release, and to investigate whether future orientation is associated with greater involvement in structured activities. This study uses survey data collected from a sample of 503 people incarcerated in medium-security prisons in South Carolina in the United States. Ordered logistic regression models reveal that idleness, marital status, and drug dependence are associated with future orientation, while idleness, engagement in work and education, age, marital status, sentence phase, and mental health issues are related to readiness for release. Negative binomial regression shows that future orientation is associated with more extensive involvement in structured activities. Overall, the study concludes that while inmates are generally future-oriented, they are less confident that they are prepared for release from prison. The limitations of this study, including low scale reliabilities for key variables and a substantial amount of missing data, are also discussed.
Sustaining suicide prevention programs in American Indian and Alaska Native communities and Tribal health centers
Authors: Haroz E.E. , Wexler L. , Manson S.M. , Cwik M. , O’Keefe V.M. , Allen J. , Rasmus S.M. , Buchwald D. , Barlow A.
Published: November 2021

Background:

Research on sustaining community-based interventions is limited. This is particularly true for suicide prevention programs and in American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) settings. Aiming to inform research in this area, this paper sought to identify factors and strategies that are key to sustain suicide prevention efforts in AIAN communities.

Methods:

We used a modified Nominal Group Technique with a purposeful sample of N = 35 suicide prevention research experts, program implementors and AIAN community leaders to develop a list of prioritized factors and sustainability strategies. We then compared this list with the Public Health Program Capacity for Sustainability Framework (PHPCSF) to examine the extent the factors identified aligned with the existing literature.

Results:

Major factors identified included cultural fit of intervention approaches, buy in from local communities, importance of leadership and policy making, and demonstrated program success. Strategies to promote these factors included partnership building, continuous growth of leadership, policy development, and ongoing strategic planning and advocacy. All domains of the PHPCF were representative, but additional factors and strategies were identified that emerged as important in AIAN settings.

Conclusions:

Sustaining effective and culturally informed suicide prevention efforts is of paramount importance to prevent suicide and save lives. Future research will focus on generating empirical evidence of these strategies and their effectiveness at promoting program sustainability in AIAN communities.
Simple-to-use nomogram for predicting the risk of syphilis among MSM in Guangdong Province: results from a serial cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhao Peizhen , Yang Ziying , Li Baohui , Xiong Mingzhou , Zhang Ye , Zhou Jiyuan , Wang Cheng
Published: November 2021

Background

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a simple-to-use nomogram for the prediction of syphilis infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Guangdong Province.

Methods

A serial cross-sectional data of 2184 MSM from 2017 to 2019 was used to develop and validate the nomogram risk assessment model. The eligible MSM were randomly assigned to the training and validation dataset. Factors included in the nomogram were determined by multivariate logistic regression analysis based on the training dataset. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves was used to assess its predictive accuracy and discriminative ability.

Results

A total of 2184 MSM were recruited in this study. The prevalence of syphilis was 18.1% (396/2184). Multivariate logistic analysis found that age, the main venue used to find sexual partners, condom use in the past 6 months, commercial sex in the past 6 months, infection with sexually transmitted diseases (STD) in the past year were associated with syphilis infection using the training dataset. All these factors were included in the nomogram model that was well calibrated. The C-index was 0.80 (95% CI 0.76–0.84) in the training dataset, and 0.79 (95% CI 0.75–0.84) in the validation dataset.

Conclusions

A simple-to-use nomogram for predicting the risk of syphilis has been developed and validated among MSM in Guangdong Province. The proposed nomogram shows good assessment performance.