bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BUSINESS PROJECT RATIONALE FOR THE CREATION OF AN IT PRODUCT IN THE FIELD OF HOUSEHOLD WASTE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Litvinov Yurii , Prokopchuk Tatyana
Published: September 2023

The article highlights the problems of irrational household waste management at the state level and substantiates the feasibility of using information support for the implementation of household waste sorting and recycling projects. The theoretical foundations for the development and implementation of sustainable household waste management projects are analyzed on the example of Germany, Poland, and Switzerland. An analysis of information development projects is carried out and an overview of the methodological foundations of effective practices for household waste management in an environmentally friendly manner and the use of secondary materials, which are key elements of EU environmental policy, is presented. The achievements of Ukrainian startups aimed at creating an appropriate ecosystem for waste sorting are identified. The role of the state in creating uniform rules for the rational management of household waste is analyzed in detail. The development of approaches to choosing a way to motivate stakeholders to manage household waste rationally through the creation of a digital platform for stakeholder interaction is demonstrated. A project for the development of a mobile application is proposed, which is an appropriate digital environment for motivating all stakeholders to sort waste. The application allows citizens to communicate with businesses and vice versa, under the supervision of public organizations in the legal field created by the state. The main stages of project creation are identified. The principles for forming a team and project budget are substantiated. The measures of quality assurance and risk assessment of the project are developed.
INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF SEISMIC OBSERVATIONS IN KRYVYI RIH
Authors:   The Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, RSHCHERBYNA S.V. , KALINICHENKO O.O. ,   The Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, PIGULEVSKY P.G. ,   The Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, FESHCHENKO A.I. ,   The Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: September 2023

Надано інформацію про локальний землетрус 21 січня 2022 року з магнітудою 3.2, який стався о 6-й годині ранку за місцевим часом. Описано оптимальну структуру розташування точок спостережень для фіксації сейсмічних подій різного типу у м. Кривий Ріг на основі використання сертифікованої апаратури українського виробництва. Розглянуто можливості розвитку комплексної системи сейсмічних спостережень у м. Кривий Ріг на основі використання сучасної програми автоматичної обробки сейсмічних подій «SeisComР3».
CRITERIA FOR RECOGNISING THE BOUNDARIES OF STRATIGRAPHIC SUBDIVISIONS OF THE SARMATIAN STAGE OF REGIONAL OF SOUTHERN UKRAINE BY OSTRACODS
Authors:   Institute of geological sciences of the NAS of Ukraine, KOVALENKO V.A.
Published: September 2023

Наведено узагальнені результати, що отримані в результаті виконання державної тематики «Обґрунтування границь стратиграфічних підрозділів фанерозою України для геологічних карт нового покоління». Встановлено критерії розпізнавання границь стратиграфічних підрозділів сарматського регіоярусу Південної України за остракодами як за керівними видами, так і за палеоекологічними характеристиками видів остракод. Доводиться, що в неогенових товщах остракодові комплекси дають змогу виділяти породи волинського, бессарабського і херсонського регіональних ярусів неогену.
THE ROLE OF METASOMATIC FORMATIONS IN THE FORMATION OF COMPLEX COMPOSITION MINERALISATION WITHIN THE MIDDLE DNIPRO MEGABLOCK OF THE UKRAINIAN SHIELD
Authors:   Dnipro University of Technology, RUZINA M.V , DEMENTIEVA Y.V. ,   Dnipro University of Technology, ZHILTSOVA I.V. ,   Dnipro University of Technology, MALOVA M.L. ,   ТОВ «Геологічна компанія «Геонікс»
Published: September 2023

Проведено аналіз геологічних факторів контролю рудовміщуючих метасоматитів у межах Серед- ньопридніпровського мегаблока Українського щита. Визначено просторовий та генетичний зв`язок рудних формацій комплексного складу з телескопованими метасоматитами, які локалізовані у вузлах перетину глибинних розломів. Обґрунтовано роль метасоматичних процесів у рудоутворенні та визначено критерії рудоносності формацій.
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF CALCAREOUS NANNOPLANKTON IN THE LATE JURASSIC OF THE SOUTH OF UKRAINE AND ADJACENT TERRITORIES
Authors:   Institute of geological sciences of the NAS of Ukraine, MATLAJ L.M.
Published: September 2023

В пізній юрі Півдня України та суміжних територій на основі вивчення вапнякового нанопланктона встановлено п’ять етапів його розвитку: ранньооксфордський, середньо-пізньооксфордський, кімеріджський, ранньотитонський і пізньотитонський.
الاِستَدرَاكاَت الابستمولوجية في تَمكين البَحْث السُوسْيولوجي
Authors: علي حاتم
Published: September 2023

تَساءلَت الدراسة نحو الآتي: ما الاستدراكات الابستمولوجية؟ ما مؤشراتها في البحث السوسيولوجي العراقي الراهن؟، ما قَادَ نحو أسئلة أكثر تحديداً، ما الاستدراك النظري وما الاستدراك المنهجي في الرسائل والأطروحات المُجازة في جامعات بغداد والقادسية؟ فكان هدف الدراسة التعرّف الى الإشكاليَّات البحثية المتعلقة بالبناء النظري والمنهجي للرسائل والأطروحات والبدائل المُستدرَكة في ذلك، لذا تَطلَّبت الدراسة اختيار عينة من الرسائل والأطروحات، بواقع (25)، وفقاً لمدة زمنية عند أخر خمس سنوات، لغاية انجاز الدراسة الحالية، الى جانب مراعاة النوع الاجتماعي(باحثات/باحثون). وخَلُصت الدراسة الى بيان جملة إشكاليَّات بحثية، ثم استخلاص جملة اِستدراكات بمثابة بدائل داخل بِنية هذه الاشكاليَّات، لتَمكين البناء النظري والمنهجي في البحث السوسيولوجي العراقي.
الخصائص الاجتماعية والاقتصادية للأحداث الجانحين في مدينة الرياض بالمملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: الزهراني عبدالله
Published: September 2023

تناولت موضوع الدراسة وصفاً وتحليلاً للخصائص الاجتماعية والاقتصادية، وهدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على هذه الخصائص، إضافة إلى أنواع جرائمهم ودوافعها، وتم جمع بيانات الدراسة بواسطة استبانة أعدت لهذا الغرض وبلغ عدد افراد العينة 432 حدثاً، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة تم الاستخدام العديد من الأساليب الإحصائية لتفسير وتحليل النتائج مثل مربع كاي ومعامل كرامر، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى العديد من النتائج من أهمها: ارتفاع نسبة الجناة الاحداث في الفئة العمرية من 15-18 سنة، كذلك ارتفاع نسبة الجناة الأحداث من السعوديين، وأن أغلب الجناة يعيشون مع الأبوين، وترتفع نسبة الدخل المنخفض للأسرة، وأغلبهم يعيشون في فلل. ومن النتائج كذلك ارتفاع نسبة قضايا المال والعرض، وأن أغلب جرائم الأحداث لا تتم إلا بوجود شركاء، وأن من أهم أسباب اختيار مكان الجريمة قربه من المنزل، وتلعب الصدفة كبير في ذلك، وأن من أهم أسباب ارتكاب الجريمة تشجيع رفقاء السوء. وخلصت الدراسة بمجموعة التوصيات منها تكثيف الرقابة الأمنية، وزيادة فاعلية دور كل من المنزل والمدرسة، من حيث توفير احتياجاتهم، واستثمار أوقاتهم بكل ما هو مفيد.
العلامة محمد مهدي الأصفي والتجديد الفقهي والاصولي
Authors: الدراجي وهاب , البدري حسين
Published: September 2023

طرح العلامة محمد مهدي الآصفي افكار تجديدية و ابداعية في مجالات مختلفة علمية و فكرة اصيلة و هو ابدع فيها و من هذه العلوم الإسلامية الحوزوية، كالتفسير وعلوم القرآن وعلم الفقه ومستجداته وعلم أصول الفقه والسلوك وعلم الاخلاق واثارهما في تربية الفرد والمجتمع، والعلوم الاسلامية  الانسانية كعلم التاريخ وفلسفته، وعلم السياسة، وعلم الاجتماع والتربية وقد مزج العلامة الآصفي في طرحه الفكري وبيانه العلمي بين منهجين: المنهج الحوزوي المعتمد على التحليل والتدبر والتأمل العميقين، والفهم الدقيق والمنهج الاكاديمي في التنظير للعلوم  الاسلامية الانسانية  والمعارف العلمية الجديدة، و زاوج بين هذا وذاك فكانت الثمار والنتائج كبيرة، كما ان ملكاته العلمية مكنته من الحصول على درجة الاجتهاد، في المجال الحوزوي وكذلك شهادة الماجستير في العلوم الاكاديمية ولم تختصر ابداعاته على الفكرة بل تعدتها الى المنهج والاسلوب، اما المنهج فتميز منهج العلامة بالتتبع الواسع والاحاطة الكاملة بالفكرة وكذلك التعمق الكبيرو التأمل الطويل فيها و الاستفادة من المنهج الحوزوي الدقيق والاكاديمي الناجح والمزج بينهما في استخلاص الفكرة الناجحة والاسلوب الشيق  والمطلب الواضح و في هذا المقال نتناول مجالين مهمين طرحمها العلامة و ابدع فيهما و جدد و هما المجال الفقهي و المجال الاصولي و يختصر المقالة علي هذين المجالين
السلوك البحثي لدى أعضاء هيئة التدريس لاستخدام المكتبة الرقمية السعودية
Authors: الصاوي ياسر
Published: September 2023

هدفت الدراسة إلى تحليل السلوك البحثي لاستخدام المكتبة الرقمية السعودية، وما يرتبط به من اتجاهات لدى أعضاء هيئة التدريس بالكلية التطبيقية بجامعة الحدود الشمالية، حيث سعى الباحث نحو تطبيق معايير المنهجين المسحي والتحليلي، مع إعداد استبانة كأداة قياس رئيسة للدراسة، وتكون مجتمع الدراسة من 31 عضو هيئة تدريس، من إجمالي أعضاء هيئة التدريس بالكلية، يمثلون 61%، من خلال برنامج التحليل الإحصائي SPSS، وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى ارتفاع أعداد أعضاء هيئة التدريس المستخدمين للمكتبة الرقمية السعودية مع ارتفاع نسبي بالارتقاء بمهارات البحث العلمي، وإعداد الدراسات والبحوث والترقي الأكاديمي، مع أثر متوسط على الارتقاء بالعملية التعليمية، وارتفاع توافق المكتبة الرقمية السعودية مع المقررات الدراسية، كما أوصت الدراسة بضرورة عقد ورش عمل متخصصة لأعضاء هيئة التدريس لاستخدام أنظمة البحث، ومكوناتها، ونتائج البحث لقواعد البيانات، واستخدام المصادر الرقمية من كافة أماكن الدخول للمكتبة، مع ربطها بالتكليفات الدراسية مع الطلاب.
النزعة العربية في فكر النخبة الجزائرية مطلع القرن العشرين الميلادي
Authors: شترة خير الدين
Published: September 2023

كان المشرق العربي كما جسَّده المثقف الجزائري في أذهان مواطنيه مهد الحضارة وحرم العروبة ومهبط الوحي ومن ثمة فهو حلم الخلاص، وطريق الوحدة الشاملة، وقد وقف كثير من الكتاب والأدباء الجزائريين يدعون الشعوب العربية  ويوجهون شبابها لينهل من عمق الحضارة العربية الإسلامية، وكانوا بذلك قد أثروا المكتبة العربية بتراث أدبي وشعري غزير ممَّا يُعد إضافة إبداعية جليلة أغنت البعد العربي الإسلامي وطوَّرته.
 إن ما أسعى لإيضاحه في هذه الدراسة البحثية هو  تحليل بعض الدوافع الكامنة في الشخصية الجزائرية والتي أدت بنخبها إلى بلورة وإعادة صياغة الوعي القومي والملي للعروبة والإسلام ليس في الجزائر فقط بل في العالم العربي ككل، وأيضاً بحثاً عن جملة إجابات تتعلق ببعض الأسئلة الجوهرية في هذا الموضوع، ومنها: ما علاقة الشخصية الجزائرية بالوعي القومي في العصر الحديث؟ وما هي عوامل إنتشار الوعي القومي لدى النخب الجزائرية؟ وما هي مظاهر الاسهام الجزائري في الفكر  القومي العربي، وكيف نعالج معضلة صراع الهوية العربية لدى النخب  الجزائرية؟
البنية السردية في رواية "كمائن العتمة" للكاتبة فاطمة المزروعي
Authors: السركال نوره , بوعلي عبد الرحمن , الهاشمي بديعة
Published: September 2023

يسعى هذا البحث إلى دراسة البنية السردية في رواية "كمائن العتمة" للروائية الإماراتية "فاطمة المزروعي". والسبب في اختيار هذه الرواية موضوعاً للدراسة يكمن في موضوعها حيث عرضت هذه الرواية قضية اجتماعية، وهي معاناة المرأة في هذا المجتمع الذكوري، والقيود التي يتم فرضها عليها.
وقد حاولنا في هذا البحث الإجابة عن التساؤلات التالية: ما المقصود بالبنية السردية؟ وما مكوناتها في رواية "كمائن العتمة"؟ وكيف كان توظيفها في روايتها؟
 بالنسبة للمنهج اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي انطلاقا من أساسيات المنهج البنيوي، وذلك لكي يتم التوصل لفهم الظاهرة حيث قمنا باستخدام هذا المنهج لأنه يتناسب مع موضوع الدراسة ولأنه يساعدنا في تشخيص المكونات التالية: الأحداث، والشخصيات، والمكان، والزمان.
وتشتمل الدراسة على مقدمة،  وفيها عرضنا للرواية الحديثة، وللمنهج المتبع فيها، وللدراسات التي عالجت هذه الرواية، تلتها ثلاثة مباحث: المبحث الأول تناول تعريف البنية والسرد لغة واصطلاحاً، كما تناول أهم الدراسات التي قامت عليها، والمبحث الثاني عرضنا فيه نبذة عن حياة الروائية، وملخصا للرواية التي حازت جائزة العويس لأفضل عمل روائي، أما المبحث الثالث فتناولنا فيه البنية السردية في رواية كمائن العتمة من خلال أربع مكونات، وهي: أولاً بنية الحدث وعلاقته بالمكونات الأخرى، ثانيا بنية الشخصية وبينّت أهميتها في الرواية، ثالثا بنية المكان الروائي وأنواعه في الرواية، وأخيراً بنية الزمان وأهميته وكيف تم توظيفه في الرواية. ثم استعرضنا في الخاتمة النتائج التي توصلنا إليها بعد الدراسة والتحليل.
آياتُ النَّفادِ فِي القُرآنِ الكريمِ
Authors: جواد همسات
Published: September 2023

ترد في اللغة العربية بعض الأفعال المتشابهة في عدد حروفها وشكلها، لكنها تختلف في حرف واحد، فيؤدي هذا الاختلاف البسيط إلى اختلاف في نطق الفعل ومن ثم اختلاف معناه، وهذا كثير في لغتنا العربية المعطاء، من ذلك قولنا (نفِد ونفَذ) وقد ورد الفعلان في أربع آيات محكمات وعند النظر في آيات النّفاد، وجدت أنّ فيها ظواهر صوتية وصرفية ونحوية ودلالية، اجتمعت فيما بينها لبناء هذه النصوص القرآنية العظيمة؛ إذ لا بدّ من توجيه الأنظار إليها، وبيان عظمة كلام الله Y. قُسِّمَ البحث بحسب هذه الظواهر إلى ثلاثة مباحث، يسبقها تمهيدٌ بيّنتُ فيه، معنى النّفاد في اللغة، والفرق بين النّفاد والنّفاذ في الاستعمال اللغوي. المبحث الأول كان في المستوى الصوتي، المبحث الثاني خصصته للمستوى الصرفي، والمبحث الثالث جعلته للمستوى التركيبي.
الوظيفة التجارية في ناحية المأمون
Authors: صبر محمد
Published: September 2023

هدفت الدراسة الى تحليل توزيع الوظيفة التجارية في ناحية المأمون في قضاء الكرخ في مدينة بغداد، من خلال تسليط الضوء على حجم هذه الوظيفة في كل حي سكني داخل الناحية. وتحليل التغير الذي طرأ على استعمالات الارض التجارية في منطقة الدراسة، وتبين عدم وجود توزيع عادل للإستعمال التجاري في إحياء منطقة الدراسة، فهناك إحياء تتركز فيها كافة الخدمات التجارية المتخصصة والمتجمعة والحرفية والصناعية مثل حي التأميم والحضر، بينما نجد إحياء أخرى ينخفض فيها الإستعمال التجاري بشكل لا يتناسب مع حجم السكان فيه، مثل حي (زبيدة–تبوك–بدر–ميسلون–البويب). ولاحظ الباحث إن المنطقة التجارية المركزية في منطقة الدراسة لا تحتل موقعا مركزياً في الناحية، مما يسهل وصول أغلب سكنة المناطق المحيطة بها، حيث تقع في الجهة الشمالية من الناحية، مما يجعلها بعيدة نسبياً عن إحياء كثيرة. وركز الباحث على تزايد عدد السكان في منطقة البحث بشكل كبير جداً للمدة من (2007-2019)، مما يشكل بالتالي ضغطاً في منطقة البحث خاصة من المتطلبات الخدمية والسلعية التجارية، مما يحتم توسع في الإستعمال التجاري في منطقة البحث بما يتناسب مع حجم الطلب.
المادية لدى طلبة الجامعة
Authors: سعد هدى , الدغستاني سناء
Published: September 2023

تعد المادية ظاهرة معقدة تنشأ بسبب التفاعل بين الجوانب الفردية والاجتماعية والثقافية, وكذلك من التغيرات الاجتماعية والسياسية والاقتصادية, وكما تعد الأسرة أهم عامل في التنشئة الاجتماعية التي من خلالها تتشكل قيم الشخص ومعتقداته, ويضاف لهم الأقران كونهم مصدرًا يتعلم الشباب من خلاله المواقف المادية, ويعتبر والفقر والتفكك الاسري العامل المساهم في نقص الموارد الإنسانية مثل الحب والمودة مما يتسبب في تحويل العديد من الافراد الى ماديين وتم أجراء البحوث التجريبية والارتباطية من قبل علماء النفس والاجتماع والاقتصاد عن تأثير المادية على الفرد. وتألفت عينة البحث الحالي من (400) طالب وطالبة , إذ بلغ عدد الذكور (200) طالب، وعدد الإناث (200) طالبة، اختيروا من ثمانية كليات بشكل عشوائي، ولتحقيق أهداف البحث الحالي اعتمدت الباحثة نظرية السمات المادية لبيلك (Belk Trait Theory of Materialism 1984-1985) في تفسير المادية وقامت الباحثة بإجراءات تحليل الفقرات على مقياس البحث وفق طريقتي (المجموعتين المتطرفتين وكذلك طريقة الاتساق الداخلي) واستُخرج صدق البناء باستعمال معامل ارتباط بيرسون، وقد بلغ معامل الثبات لمقياس المادية(0,74) بطريقة  الفا كرونباخ .      وتوصل البحث الحالي إلى النتائج الآتية: 1-أن طلبة الجامعة لديهم مادية بدرجة منخفضة. 2-ليس هناك فروق في المادية لدى طلبة الجامعة تبعاً لمتغير الجنس والتخصص، أذ لا توجد فروق داله لدى طلبة الجامعة حسب الجنس والتخصص، وذلك لان القيمة الفائية المحسوبة البالغة (3,49) أصغر من القيمة الفائية الجدولية البالغة (3,84) عند مستوى (0,05) ودرجة حرية (1-396). واقترحه الباحثة مقترحات عدَة منها: 1- اجراء دراسة مشابهة للدراسة الحالية على فئات عمرية مختلفة كالمراهقين والاطفال والموظفين.2- أجراء دراسة عن السمات المادية وعلاقتها بالشراء القهري الاستهلاكي
Analysis of Adjacency Pairs of Cristiano’s Interview
Authors: Hamid Wisal , Hayif Emad
Published: September 2023

Conversation is a vital tool in communication for communicating meaningful pieces of interactions. Adjacency pairs are often seen as fundamental units in conversational organization. The form and purpose of a specific pair component, as well as the context beside the stage of the conversation, all play essential roles in determining the meaning and function of an utterance. Each pair has special intended meaning, purpose and function which cannot be fully understood without relying on the context at which the adjacency pairs appear. The present study tends to focus on adjacency pairs within sports interviews with the aim of studying these pairs pragmatically since defining the underlying expectations on which the regularities are founded is difficult. The study also aims at examining the adjacency pairs included in the exchanges between the TV interviewers as well as the footballers, finding out the communicative purposes behind the adjacency pairs usage that the player wishes to transmit when being interviewed. The method used for analysis is a mixed one (quantitative and qualitative) to analyze the latest interview for the player. The qualitative analysis examines the content of the utterances descriptively and the quantitative analysis relies on a table, under the interview, that shows the rates of the types of adjacency pairs. So, the selected interview is analyzed in terms of number, types, frequency and distribution of adjacency pairs. The adopted model is an eclectic one which composes Cook's (1989) model of Adjacency Pairs, Van Dijk's (2006) model of Context and Grice's (1975) model of Cooperative Principles.
تنافر الصورة الشعرية في الغزل
Authors: حسين أم البنين , محي إنعام
Published: September 2023

يعنى البحث بمفهوم التنافر في الصورة البيانية مما يتصل بموضوع الغزل، ولم يوظف المصطلح عند البلاغيين وصفا للصورة المتنافرة بين اجزائها بل اطلقوه وصفا للفظ المتقارب المخارج فهو تنافر صوتي او لعدم اتساق اجزاء النظم مما يتصل بالتركيب، أما تنافر الصورة من حيث عدم ملاءمة المشبه للمشبه به ولا المستعار للمستعار منه وغيرهما فشاعت كلمات القبح وعدم التلاؤم وما اشبه بذلك، واستهل البحث بعرض آراء النقاد في التنافر، وانماطه، ثم بيان الاسباب المؤدية لتنافر صور الغزل واختلاف الاذواق فيها بناء على اختلاف البيئات والعصر، وكيف تحدث الصورة التي افتقدت الانسجام بين اجزائها فجوة بينها وبين القارئ سعى النقد إلى ردمها من خلال تعديل النص بما يرتقي بمستواه التصويري إلى مرتبة الفن القائم على التناسب والتناغم مراعياً العوامل المتحكمة في التذوق وفي توجيه القراءة في تلقي  لغة الشعر التصويرية.
The effect of the diaphragm stretching technique in the diaphragm contraction rate and trunk muscle activity in back pain patients
Authors: Inyoung Kong
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: The diaphragm plays an important role in trunk stability. Therefore, diaphragmatic dysfunction is associated with low back pain. OBSECTIVE: This study aimed to confirm the effectiveness of diaphragm stretching technique as a treatment method for low back pain by evaluating the diaphragm contraction rate, trunk muscle activity in patients with low back pain. METHODS: Thirty-four patients with low back pain were randomly divided into two group: an experimental group and a control group. The diaphragm stretching technique was conducted in the experimental group and the placebo intervention was conducted in the control group. The diaphragm stretching technique was conducted once, maintaining the tension for 7 min. The placebo intervention was conducted in the same position as the diaphragm stretching technique but with only light contact maintained without pressure. The diaphragm contraction rate and trunk muscle activity were measured before and after the intervention, and the changes were compared and analyzed. A paired sample t-test was used to compare measurements before and after the intervention within the group. An independent t-test was used to compare the experimental and control group. Statistical significance (α) was set at 0.05. RESULTS: In the experimental group, the diaphragm contraction rate increased significantly after the intervention. Trunk muscle activity decreased significantly (p< 0.05). However, all domains in the control group receiving the placebo intervention were not significantly different (p> 0.05). Comparative analysis of changes before and after the intervention between the groups showed significant differences in the diaphragm contraction rate and trunk muscle activity in the experimental group (p< 0.05). CONCLUSION: The diaphragm stretching technique improved the diaphragm contraction rate and trunk muscle activity was lower due to the improved trunk stabilization function of the diaphragm. Therefore, the diaphragm stretching technique can be recommended as a physical therapy intervention to improve pain in patients with low back pain.
Conversational recommender based on graph sparsification and multi-hop attention
Authors: Zhang Yihao , Wang Yuhao , Zhou Wei , Lan Pengxiang , Xiang Haoran , Zhu Junlin , Yuan Meng
Published: September 2023

Conversational recommender systems provide users with item recommendations via interactive dialogues. Existing methods using graph neural networks have been proven to be an adequate representation of the learning framework for knowledge graphs. However, the knowledge graph involved in the dialogue context is vast and noisy, especially the noise graph nodes, which restrict the primary node’s aggregation to neighbor nodes. In addition, although the recurrent neural network can encode the local structure of word sequences in a dialogue context, it may still be challenging to remember long-term dependencies. To tackle these problems, we propose a sparse multi-hop conversational recommender model named SMCR, which accurately identifies important edges through matching items, thus reducing the computational complexity of sparse graphs. Specifically, we design a multi-hop attention network to encode dialogue context, which can quickly encode the long dialogue sequences to capture the long-term dependencies. Furthermore, we utilize a variational auto-encoder to learn topic information for capturing syntactic dependencies. Extensive experiments on the travel dialogue dataset show significant improvements in our proposed model over the state-of-the-art methods in evaluating recommendation and dialogue generation.
Design of laser image recognition system based on high performance computing of spatiotemporal data
Authors: Wu Zongfu , Hou Fazhong
Published: September 2023

Due to the large scale and spatiotemporal dispersion of 3D (three-dimensional) point cloud data, current object recognition and semantic annotation methods still face issues of high computational complexity and slow data processing speed, resulting in data processing requiring much longer time than collection. This article studied the FPFH (Fast Point Feature Histograms) description method for local spatial features of point cloud data, achieving efficient extraction of local spatial features of point cloud data; This article investigated the robustness of point cloud data under different sample densities and noise environments. This article utilized the time delay of laser emission and reception signals to achieve distance measurement. Based on this, the measured object is continuously scanned to obtain the distance between the measured object and the measurement point. This article referred to the existing three-dimensional coordinate conversion method to obtain a two-dimensional lattice after three-dimensional position conversion. Based on the basic requirements of point cloud data processing, this article adopted a modular approach, with core functional modules such as input and output of point cloud data, visualization of point clouds, filtering of point clouds, extraction of key points of point clouds, feature extraction of point clouds, registration of point clouds, and data acquisition of point clouds. This can achieve efficient and convenient human-computer interaction for point clouds. This article used a laser image recognition system to screen potential objects, with a success rate of 85% and an accuracy rate of 82%. The laser image recognition system based on spatiotemporal data used in this article has high accuracy.
EDSR: Empowering super-resolution algorithms with high-quality DIV2K images
Authors: A Jenefa , Kuriakose Bessy M. , V Edward Naveen , A Lincy
Published: September 2023

Remarkable strides have been made in Enhanced-resolution image reconstruction in recent times. In this research, we propose EDSR, a novel algorithm leveraging high-quality DIV2K images to enhance super-resolution algorithms’ performance. Our approach addresses challenges associated with capturing and reconstructing fine details and textures in low-resolution images. The training process utilizes a deep neural network fed with the extensive DIV2K dataset, comprising meticulously selected high-resolution images for super-resolution tasks. The network learns from these high-quality images to improve super-resolved outputs’ accuracy and fidelity. Extensive experimentation evaluates the effectiveness of the EDSR algorithm in achieving superior results. Experimental outcomes exhibit the remarkable progress made by EDSR compared to other leading super-resolution algorithms. The mean PSNR values obtained using EDSR on various test datasets indicate substantial improvement in image quality. The SSIM scores show enhanced preservation of fine details and textures. In the Nature category, the EDSR algorithm exhibits impressive performance, achieving a mean Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) of 35.92 dB and a Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) of 0.9321. When analyzing Portrait images, the algorithm consistently maintains high quality, delivering a mean PSNR of 34.17 dB and an SSIM of 0.9125. For Cityscape images, EDSR showcases excellent capabilities with a mean PSNR of 36.05 dB and an SSIM of 0.9382, highlighting its exceptional handling in this category. Lastly, in the Still Life category, the algorithm demonstrates competence, achieving a mean PSNR of 33.79 dB and an SSIM of 0.9024. In conclusion, the proposed EDSR algorithm empowers super-resolution algorithms by leveraging high-quality DIV2K images. The empirical findings validate that EDSR is highly efficient in enhancing image quality and preserving fine details.
Serotonin Degeneration and Amyloid-β Deposition in Mild Cognitive Impairment: Relationship to Cognitive Deficits
Authors: Smith Gwenn S. , Kuwabara Hiroto , Yan Haijuan , Nassery Najlla , Yoon Mark , Kamath Vidya , Kraut Michael , Gould Neda F. , Savonenko Alena , Coughlin Jennifer M. , Lodge Martin , Pomper Martin G. , Nandi Ayon , Holt Daniel , Dannals Robert F. , Leoutsakos Jeannie M.
Published: September 2023

Background:

Neuropathological and neuroimaging studies have demonstrated degeneration of the serotonin system in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Neuroimaging studies have extended these observations to the preclinical stages of AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Serotonin degeneration has been observed also in transgenic amyloid mouse models, prior to widespread cortical distribution of amyloid-β (Aβ).

Objective:

The present study evaluated the regional distribution of the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) and of Aβ in individuals with MCI and healthy older controls, as well as the contribution of 5-HTT and Aβ to cognitive deficits.

Methods:

Forty-nine MCI participants and 45 healthy older controls underwent positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of 5-HTT and Aβ, structural magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological assessments.

Results:

Lower cortical, striatal, and limbic 5-HTT and higher cortical Aβ was observed in MCIs relative to healthy controls. Lower 5-HTT, mainly in limbic regions, was correlated with greater deficits in auditory-verbal and visual-spatial memory and semantic, not phonemic fluency. Higher cortical A β was associated with greater deficits in auditory-verbal and visual-spatial memory and in semantic, not phonemic fluency. When modeling the association between cognition, gray matter volumes and Aβ, inclusion of 5-HTT in limbic and in select cortical regions significantly improved model fit for auditory-verbal and visual-spatial memory and semantic, but not phonemic fluency.

Conclusions:

These results support the role of serotonin degeneration in the memory and semantic fluency deficits observed in MCI.
Clinical and neurodevelopmental outcomes in premature infants exposed to intravenous fish- and soybean oil-based lipid emulsions
Authors: Anzueto Guerra D.G. , Winter L.A. , Moreira A.G. , Gong A.K. , Johnson-Pais T.L. , Blanco C.L.
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: The optimal composition of lipid emulsions in parenteral nutrition (PN) for premature infants remains controversial. This study examined the effects of a combination of soybean oil-based (SoyLE) and fish oil-based (FishLE) lipid emulsions compared to FishLE as monotherapy on the lipid and fatty acid profiles and clinical outcomes of premature infants requiring prolonged PN. METHODS: 42 premature infants received FishLE+SoyLE or FishLE. Serum concentrations of lipoproteins and 29 fatty acids (FA) were measured at baseline, 4, and 8 weeks of PN and growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes were measured at 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of life. RESULTS: Lipid profiles were similar between groups. Plasma concentrations of ω-6 fatty acids tended to decrease over time in both groups. Concentrations of most ω-3 fatty acids, in particular docosapentaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid, were significantly increased over time in the FishLE+SoyLE group whereas they did not change in the FishLE alone group. However, serum concentrations of almost all fatty acids were similar between groups at the end of the study period. No differences in growth parameters including weight, height, fronto-occipital circumference (FOC), and body mass index (BMI) were observed up to two years of age. Similarly, there were no differences in neurodevelopmental test scores at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of age. CONCLUSIONS: No substantial differences in lipid profiles and short clinical outcomes were found in infants exposed to FishLE+SoyLE when compared to FishLE.
The impact of in utero cannabis exposure on fetal growth
Authors: Nadolski K. , Dodge P. , Kopkau H. , Forrestal K. , Zablocki V. , Bailey B.A.
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: The goal of this study was to examine if in utero cannabis exposure predicted reduced birth size and if these effects were evident in specific growth parameters as early as the second trimester. METHODS: Eligible women had an initial prenatal visit between January 1, 2010, and March 31, 2020, completed an anatomy ultrasound between 18–24 weeks’ gestation, and had no self-reported alcohol, tobacco, or other biochemically verified drug use. The two primary study groups were cannabis users (n = 109) identified through self-report and urine toxicology screens, and a randomly selected control group of non-substance users (n = 171). Medical records were manually reviewed for background and medical information, anatomy ultrasound results, and birth size parameters. RESULTS: After controlling for significant confounders, regression results indicated significant (p < .05) deficits in birth weight associated with cannabis exposure, with a trend for increasing weight effects beginning in the second trimester. A significant decrease in head circumference was evident as early as the second trimester, with differences remaining significant until birth. Significant overall length and specific bone length deficits were not predicted by cannabis exposure, at birth or earlier in gestation, after control for confounding. CONCLUSIONS: Cannabis exposure predicted growth deficits at birth, with some effects evident as early as the second trimester. The biggest and earliest effects were seen for cranial size, with an adjusted deficit of more than 14 percentile points by birth. Overall weight was not impacted until at or near delivery.
Food environment index and preterm birth rate in the counties of the United States
Authors: Das A. , Trivedi M.M. , Bellingham-Young D.A.
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVES: To determine the relationship between Food Environment Index (FEI) and Preterm Birth (PTB) rate at the county level of the United States of America (USA) (primary), while evaluating the interaction of multiple factors within a framework of sociodemographic, maternal health, maternal behavioral, and environmental factors. METHODS: This is a population-based retrospective cohort ecological study from 2015-2018. The study compares the characteristics of the population of the counties of the USA. All counties with complete data on their PTB rate and the independent variables were included in the study. Independent variables with greater than 20% missing data were excluded from the study. Purposive sampling technique was applied. A total of 2983/3142 counties were included in the study. RESULTS: The median PTB rate of all counties was 9.90%. The highest PTB rate (23.3%) was in Tallapoosa County, Alabama and the lowest (3.4%) in San Juan County, Washington State. After adjusting for variables, PTB rate had a significant association with FEI (coefficient of correlation – 0.36, p < 0.01, 95% CI – 0.19 to – 0.04). Increase in the rate of unemployment, African American race, adult smoking, obesity, uninsured rate, sexually transmitted diseases (STD), high school education and air pollution was associated with an increase in PTB rate, while an increase in FEI and alcohol abuse rates was associated with a decrease in PTB rate. CONCLUSIONS: FEI can predict the PTB rate in USA counties after adjusting for sociodemographic, health, behavioral and environmental factors. Future studies are needed to confirm these associations and consider them when making policies to reduce PTBs.
Perinatal outcome in prenatally diagnosed cardiac rhabdomyoma case series
Authors: Kesrouani A. , Jaber L. , Daou L. , Mcheik C. , Nasr B. , Saliba Z.
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the characteristics and outcome of prenatally diagnosed cardiac rhabdomyomas. STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective descriptive study includes cases referred to our university hospital. We studied sonographic characteristics of rhabdomyoma along with the neonatal outcome. RESULTS: Eight cases were included, with a mean gestational age at diagnosis at 31 weeks of gestation and five patients diagnosed after 32 weeks. We noted a male gender in 75%, multiple rhabdomyoma in 50%, mostly situated in the interventricular septum (41%) and valvular regurgitation in 25%. Most patients delivered at term, including five cesareans (62.5%). Six babies survived (75%); three of them were later diagnosed with tuberous sclerosis (50%). CONCLUSION: Cardiac rhabdomyoma have variable ultrasound features. The usual favorable outcome can however be complicated by neonatal death (12%), valvular regurgitation and cerebral tuber.
Noninvasive high frequency oscillatory ventilation versus noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in preterm neonates after extubation: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ahmed W.O. , AbuSaif I.S.H. , Salaheldin S.A. , Hashem H.E. , Obaid O.A. , Obaid A.A. , AbdElrazik S.M. , Ibrahim M.E. , Shinkar D.M.
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: Weaning from mechanical ventilation is a challenging phase of neonatal respiratory support [1]. Choosing efficient and safe noninvasive modality to prevent re-intubation and choosing the optimal time for weaning are key points for weaning success. The aim of the study is to compare the efficiency and safety of noninvasive high frequency oscillatory ventilation (NHFOV) versus noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) as respiratory support after extubation in preterms with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Also, the study compared the lung ultrasound findings between these 2 modalities and assessed the use of lung ultrasound score (LUS) as predictor for extubation outcome. METHODS: This study is a randomized controlled trial conducted on 60 preterm neonates with RDS. Patients were allocated into one of 2 groups: NIPPV or NHFOV as post-extubation noninvasive respiratory support. The 2 groups were compared regarding the incidence of extubation failure within 72 hours from extubation, oxygen needs, duration of application of the noninvasive modality, duration of admission, safety and mortality rate. LUS was assessed pre-extubation and 2 hours post-extubation. RESULTS: The study did not show a statistically significant difference in re-ventilation rate in NHFOV group (23.3%) compared to NIPPV group (30.0%), p = 0.56. Oxygen needs were significantly lower in NHFOV group compared to NIPPV groups (mean FiO2 31.8±6.09 vs 38±0.55, p = 0.007). The duration of the used noninvasive modality, CO2 concentration, LUS, and mortality rate showed statistically insignificant difference between both groups. There was a significant correlation between LUS and extubation outcome. CONCLUSION: NHFOV is a feasible noninvasive modality for respiratory support post-extubation in premature infants. LUS is a good predictor of extubation outcome in neonates.
How much does a minimum weight at discharge delay discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit?
Authors: Desai R.K. , Bhola M. , Ronis S. , Ryan R.M.
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: Current American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines recommend discharge at physiologic maturity regardless of weight; however, our institution’s neonatal ICU policy requires a minimum weight of 1800 g for discharge even when infant is physiologically mature. So, we wanted to determine if discharge at physiologic maturity (PM), based on national guidelines, would decrease hospital days (HD). METHODS: We reviewed 129 infants with birthweight 1300g– 1800 g. Data were analyzed by paired t-test/ Wilcoxon-rank-sum test. RESULTS: Age at discharge vs. age at PM was 0.55d per infant higher (P-value 0.033) resulting in 71 total HD. For SGA babies, this difference was 1.47d vs 0.19d in non-SGA babies (P– value 0.0243) and this difference was an average of 2.63d (P-value < 0.001) for those who reached PM < 1800 g, contributing to 50 of 71 HD potentially saved. CONCLUSION: There was a 0.55–2.6-day difference between age at discharge and age at PM, greater in SGA infants and infants who reached PM prior to 1800 g. There might be an opportunity to send infants home earlier to their families if there is no minimum weight required.
Neonatal AKI: An update
Authors: Hu J. , Ananth D. , Sethi S.K. , Taliwal N. , Govindan S. , Raina R.
Published: September 2023

Neonatal acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication, especially in the neonatal intensive care unit, that is associated with long term consequences and poor outcomes. Early detection and treatment is critical. Currently, neonatal AKI is defined with urinary markers and serum creatinine, with limitations on early detection and individual treatment. There have been numerous biomarkers and risk factor scores that have been studied for their ability to predict neonatal AKI. To move towards personalized medicine, neonatal AKI must be categorized into phenotypes and subphenotypes that fully encapsulate the diverse causes and specific treatments. This review aims to advance our understanding of neonatal AKI detection through the use of biomarkers, subphenotypes, and phenotypes to move towards personalized treatment strategies.
The effect of Daikenchuto on blood flow of the superior mesenteric artery and portal vein in ELBW: A prospective study
Authors: Watanabe S. , Inoue M. , Miyata M. , Boda H.
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: Focal intestinal perforation (FIP) is a devastating complication of premature birth, and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants are at highest risk. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and portal vein (PV) blood flow velocities to investigate the association between intestinal blood flow and FIP. In addition, the herbal formula Daikenchuto (TJ-100) is expected to improve intestinal blood flow disorders; therefore, we evaluated its effect. METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study of 15 ELBW infants from January 2020 to August 2021. Measured variables included birth weight, 5-minute Apgar score, time of oral feeding initiation, ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure (percent), diastolic and systolic blood pressure, SMA and PV blood flow velocity, and FIP onset data. Fifteen infants were divided into three groups: a non-surgery group (Group I; 6), a surgery group with FIP (Group II; 4), and a TJ-100 administration group (Group III; 5). The main outcome parameters included SMA and PV blood flow velocities with TJ-100. RESULTS: SMA and PV blood flow differed significantly for the SMA of Group I and the SMA and PV of Group III (P < 0.01, P = 0.01, and P = 0.04, respectively). There was a correlation between SMA and PV in Group III (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: TJ-100 may increase SMA and PV blood flow and improve intestinal blood flow in ELBW infants at risk of FIP. Therefore, the effects of TJ-100 should undergo further study.
Profile of neonatal candidiasis in tertiary neonatal intensive care unit: A report from a developing country
Authors: Saha A.K. , Saha B.
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: Systemic candidiasis is an important nosocomial infection in neonatal intensive care units. The objective of this study was to identify the change in the profile of neonatal candidiasis in a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in eastern India in recent times. METHODS: It was a retrospective review of case records from 2014 to 2019 from a tertiary NICU of eastern India. Data of the fungal sepsis, demographic details, risk factors of fungal sepsis and mortality were collected from 103 neonates. RESULTS: One hundred and three neonates had blood culture positive for fungal species of which 91 (88.3%) infants weighed ≥1500 g and 66 (64%) infants were term. There was significant higher incidence of candidiasis among outborn (Relative risk of outborn 18.84, 95% CI 10.74–33.05). Prolonged antibiotic usage (>14 days), meropenem usage (>5 days), central catheterization (>5 days), invasive mechanical ventilation (>5 days), surgical intervention were found in 64 (62.1%), 46 (44.6%), 31(30.0%), 40 (38.8%) and 39 (37.8%) infants. Non albicans candida (NAC) was isolated as the predominant species (82/103, 79.6%). Resistance to both of fluconazole and amphotericin B were found in 19 (18.4%) babies. Presence of NAC infection and resistance to both amphotericin B and fluconazole were independent predictors of candida associated mortality in NICU. CONCLUSION: Neonatal candidiasis is found among outborn infants with higher birth weight and gestational age. NAC species are predominant organisms with resistance to common antifungal drugs.
Congenital neuroblastoma presenting as profound neonatal metabolic acidosis with systemic hypertension: Case report
Authors: Morris H.F. , Sran S.
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: Clinical collapse in the newborn most often occurs secondary to sepsis, delivery complications, congenital cardiac defects, or inborn errors of metabolism. We report on a neonate with respiratory, cardiac, and hepatic failure, with disproportionate metabolic acidosis and systemic hypertension, found to be caused by a congenital neuroblastoma. CASE DESCRIPTION: A term infant presented to our Level IV NICU via emergent transport at 12 hours of life with clinical and laboratory findings consistent with respiratory, cardiac, and hepatic failure. Typical workup for sepsis and cardiac etiology was unrevealing. The infant was noted to have systemic hypertension despite prolonged capillary refill. A profound metabolic acidosis led the primary team to pursue a genetics consult. In the course of the workup for disorders of metabolism, a urine organic acids panel revealed an elevated HVA (homovanillic acid) and VMA (vanillylmandelic acid), the metabolites of the neurotransmitters epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine. Subsequent abdominal ultrasound and chest/abdomen CT revealed a large heterogeneous mass with internal vascular flow and scattered calcifications arising from the medial limb of the left adrenal gland, consistent with neuroblastoma. CONCLUSION: Although rare, neuroblastomas can present clinically in the perinatal period in a manner requiring immediate life-saving intervention. Providers should consider the diagnosis in the setting of a newborn with a sepsis-like syndrome or profound metabolic acidosis presenting along with systemic hypertension without clear underlying etiology.
Rising Arsenic Level in Drinking Water: A Study of Schools and Local Areas of Multan, Pakistan
Authors: Zulfiqar Muhammad Zohaib , Rao Faiza , Rao Anam , Raza Zaidi Syeda Fizza
Published: September 2023

Water is the basic need for the survival of all living organisms; however, its contamination has caused disastrous effects on human health. Almost 80% of the total population in Pakistan is forced to use unsafe drinking water due to the scarcity of clean water sources. To assess, the risk involved and to monitor the amount of Arsenic and bacterial growth in drinking water, water samples were collected from different government schools and underdeveloped areas of Multan, Pakistan. Moreover, water samples were collected by randomly visiting areas and were sent for laboratory analysis to determine and detect the arsenic amount along with other parameters including aesthetic, physical, chemical, and bacteriological growth. The results indicated that all the data collected from Govt. schools and developed locality were having a large amount of arsenic in drinking water. A huge amount of Coliform growth was found in the Peer colony water, which indicated a highly unhealthy intensity of pollutant water for the population residing in this area. Therefore, urgent and regular monitoring of drinking water in Multan was required to prevent such contamination.
Screening of Actinomycetes Isolated from Soil and their Antimicrobial Activity against Plant Pathogens
Authors: Zamir Rahat , Mazhar Sumaira , Shafique Huma , Yasmin Roheela
Published: September 2023

Actinomycetes abundantly present in soil are renowned for various secondary metabolites production with a wide range of use in diverse fields of life. Many reports are available on the use of actinomycetes for the regulation of pathogenic microbes in plants. For this purpose, this study used  thirteen Actinomycetes strains, which were isolated from the fields of Piplan (district Mianwali) Punjab, Pakistan. However, out of thirteen, only seven were found active for the production of both primary and secondary screening. The active seven actinomycetes (AW1, AW2, AW3, AW4, AM1, AC1, and AC2) were separated for their microbial potential against pathogenic strains (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) isolated from the same agriculture soil. About 42.85% of isolated actinomycetes (three out of seven) showed antagonistic properties against S. aureu and E. coli in primary screening. Thus, it was noticed that the three strains (AW3, AM1, and AC1) had great antimicrobial potential, which showed the most promising results. Whereas in Secondary screening only AC1 showed the best result with ethyl acetate extract as compared to ethanol, methanol, and chloroform. Hence, It was concluded that actinomycetes isolates had great potential for antibacterial activity and they can be used in agriculture industry for the regulation of plant pathogens.
A Machine Learning Framework for E. coli Bacteria Detection and Classification
Authors: Naz Bushra , Shahzad Hyder  , Azlan Ahmed  , Ali Hasnain
Published: September 2023

Water plays an important role in physiological processes, such as the body's thermal equilibrium, the transfer of nutrients to the intended destination through the body, and the lubrication of joints. In Pakistan, the existing water availability is about 79%. Inadequate and adequate drinking water quality is a significant public health concern. In the project, we explain different machine learning techniques which are used to locate exact bacteria in a water sample, their shape, and scale. This technology promises sufficient identification and division. This invention allows for early identification of bacterial water pollution, requires minimal labor, etc. A robotic frame will speed up the treatment period without human power. It will reduce water emissions dramatically. The methods available for bacterial detection are effective but require lengthy waiting periods for results and expensive and laborious equipment. Via images with PYTHON (Its libraries), this research aims to detect bacteria utilizing images. This system tends to be effective and efficient way for water quality monitoring in different sectors in Pakistan. E.g., Wastewater treatment plants, Power plants, Industries, RO plants, and Laboratories.