bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical Solution and Experimental Validation on the Flow Property of Gel Propellants in Round Pipes
Authors: Xia Xue Li , Qiang Hong Fu , Liu De Song
Published: February 2012

To describe detailedly the flowing process and field of gel propellants in the round pipe, the experiments of the gel flowing in the tubes were conducted and the governing equations of the steady, incompressible, isothermal, laminar flow of a power-law, shear-thinning gel propellants in 3D pipe were formulated, discretized and solved. The results indicate that pressure drop per unit length increases with decreasing the tube diameter as well as increasing the mass flow rate, and the liquidity of gel is more difficultly than water, and the wall-slip effect of the tube flowing for gel propellants must be considered. The results indicate also that the velocity increases as the flow moves downstream as well as with decreasing the tube diameter, and the apparent viscosity decreases as the flow moves downstream, and the apparent viscosity on the radial center is the maximum. For the same tube geometry, the apparent viscosity at the exit plane decreases with increasing the mass flow rate. For the same tube length and the same mass flow rate, increasing the tube diameter results in an increase of the apparent viscosity at the exit plane.
A Computer Disassembly Method Based on Ontology-Case-Based Reasoning
Authors: Cheng Ying , Yi Jian Jun , Jiang Hui , Lin Yu , Chen Shao Li
Published: February 2012

The traditional computer disassembly method can only be used to deal with some simply disassembly. Meanwhile the process of disassembly solution is mainly done by manual with the help of specialists and computers. To solve these problems, a new computer disassembly method, ontology-case-based reasoning (OCBR) is presented in this paper. In this method, the traditional disassembly method CBR is improved. The ontology, which is employed to build the case structure and to describe the individual case, is applied to the modified CBR. Due to the properties of ontology, the new method performs quite in theory and it paves the way of computer disassembly research in future.
Modeling and Analysis of Magnetorheological Fluid Damper under Impact Load
Authors: Zhu Shi Xing , Liu Xin , Ding Li
Published: February 2012

Modeling of a multi- ring grooves Magnetorheological（MR）fluid damper designed by ourselves were respectively carried out based on the Bingham model and the Herschel-Bulkley model. By comparing the simulation results of the two models with the true drop experimental result, it was proved that the Herschel-Bulkley model is in good accordance with the experiment and outperformed the Bingham model under high shear rate and high magnetic field. Furthermore, the parameter n in the Herschel-Bulkley model reflects the densification of the MR fluids, and by identifying and selecting the value of n better models and simulation results can be obtained.
The Influences of Impeller Eccentricity on Front Leakage Flow
Authors: Yuan Zheng Wei , Wang Hai Juan , Zhang Jun
Published: February 2012

A numerical analysis on the steady-state front leakage flow of an eccentric impeller is done based on a bulk-flow model. A set of nonlinear partial differential governing equations is derived on a control volume from the flow. The SIMPLE algorithm is used to develop the computational procedure for solving the equations. A MATLAB computer program in accordance with the computational procedure is written to conduct the numerical calculations. Numerical results are represented with the diagrams of pressure and velocity distribution of the flow. The influences of the impeller eccentricity on the flow are examined in a limited range of engineering practice. Conclusions are reached that the impeller eccentricity has substantial effects on the pressure and velocity distributions of the front leakage flow.
Study of the Basic Structure of Reactive Muffler
Authors: Ma Jin Sheng , Yang Bo , Zhuang Da Min , Liu Zi Feng , Dang Zhi Quan , Zhou Ling , Dia Na Na
Published: February 2012

The principle of reactive and expansion mufflers is that it reflects sound wave back to the direction of sound source at certain sections where acoustic behavior changes abruptly in the pipe of mufflers, to achieve muffling performance. Usually it is used for muffling the noise created by diesel, alternator at low and media frequency. GT-Power software is used in this paper to build a computer stimulation platform, through which the influence of basic structure, single-expansion chamber and insertion pipe on muffling performance are analyzed, providing reference for better design of reactive mufflers.
Research of Virtual Grinding Technology for Planar Inserts with Various Linetypes
Authors: Wang Yuan Yuan , Zhang Chun Liang , Zhao Jun
Published: February 2012

Based on the simulation principles of 3d software, a virtual grinding system is developed by means of united customized development on UG and applied to simulating CNC tool grinding machine manufacturing planar inserts with various linetypes. Tool-path data is read from the file and the process of NC grinding is simulated by the virtual system. Entity modelings of the inserts are obtained by Boolean operation in virtual environment, and the basis is presented for analyzing accuracy of the models.As testing efficiency of NC code and reliability of high speed grinding are improved.
The Research of Methods of Pricing of Human Capital Based on Optimal Allocation of Residual Claims
Authors: Wang Xin Hua , Liu Xue , Gao Jiao
Published: February 2012

based on analyzing the prerequisite of the human capital market transactions, that is the existence of benefits of human capital market transactions, we apply optimal allocation of residual claims Model to analyze the optimum allocation principle between owners of human capital and non-human capital in the residual claim, which acts as the reference of different types of human capital pricing.
Research of Construction Schedule Optimization using Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Fang Xu
Published: February 2012

The particle swarm optimization (PSO)-based approach to resolve the resource-constrained project scheduling problem with the objective of minimizing project duration is introduced in this paper. Computational analyses are provided so as to investigate the performance of the PSO-based approach for the resource-constrained project scheduling problem. The results shows that it is feasible to apply PSO to construction schedule optimization.
Chaos and Manage of Minor Steel Enterprises in China
Authors: Ren Yi Zhuo
Published: February 2012

Although our country is the big steel country in the world, she is not the steel power in the world. One of the reasons is that in recent years the minor iron and steel enterprise springing up and this scene seriously disturbs the normal development of the steel industry in our country, thus weakening our right to decide the price of imports iron ore. Quantities of national wealth have been largely passed on. Therefore, building up a strong steel enterprise by merger and recombination, improving iron ore market and developing the circular economy become inevitable selection for enhancing China's power for iron ore pricing.
Emotional Design of Product in the Context of Modern Industry
Authors: Qiao Hong Juan , Huang Min
Published: February 2012

With the rapid development of modern industry, the demand for emotional experience in products becomes more and more intensified. This paper expounds the complexity of the emotional design necessities for emotional design of product in an era of experience economy and types of emotion needs for products. It also gives some advices on the method of emotional design and some criteria on emotional products.
Comprehensive Analysis for Air Supply Fan Faults Based on HVAC Mathematical Model
Authors: Dehestani Davood , Madadnia Jafar , Koosha Homa , Eftekhari Fahimeh
Published: February 2012

Due to the growing demand on high efficient heat ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, how to improve the efficiency of HVAC system regarding reduces energy consumption of system has become one of the critical issues. Reports indicate that efficiency and availability are heavily dependent upon high reliability and maintainability. Recently, the concept of e-maintenance has been introduced to reduce the cost of maintenance. In e-maintenance systems, the fault detection and isolation (FDI) system plays a crucial role for identifying failures. Finding healthy HVAC source as the reference for health monitoring is the main aim in this area. To dispel this concern a comprehensive transient model of heat ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems is developed in this study. The transient model equations can be solved efficiently using MATLAB coding and simulation technique. Our proposed model is validated against real HVAC system regarding different parts of HVAC. The developed model in this study can be used for a pre tuning of control system and put to good use for fault detection and isolation in order to accomplish high-quality health monitoring and result in energy saving. Fan supply consider as faulty device of HVAC system with six fault type. A sensitivity analysis based on evaluated model shows us three features are sensitive to all faults type and three auxiliary features are sensitive to some faults. The magnitude and trait of features are a good potential for automatic fault tolerant system based on machine learning systems
Simultaneous Increases of Tensile Strength and Electrical Conductivity by Deep Cryogenic Treating in Cu-Fe and Cu-Cr In-Situ Composites
Authors: Yang Yan Ling , Chen Jin Geng , Wan Zhen Zhen , Hu Qiang , Fu Qing Feng , Kang Lin Ping , Chen Zhi Bao , Lu De Ping
Published: February 2012

Deep cryogenic treating (DCT) was applied on Cu-14Fe and Cu-8Cr in-situ composites and its effects on mechanical property and electrical conductivity of the composites were investigated. For comparison, the effects of DCT on properties of the corresponding composites with 0.1%Ag alloying (i.e. Cu-14Fe-0.1Ag and Cu-8Cr-0.1Ag) were also investigated. The results showed that the ultimate tensile strengths of Cu-14Fe and Cu-8Cr were greatly raised by 106MPa and 56MPa after DCT, respectively, whereas those of the Cu-14Fe-0.1Ag and Cu-8Cr-0.1Ag remained unchanged. The increments of electrical conductivity in Cu-14Fe and Cu-8Cr were much higher than those in corresponding Cu-14Fe-0.1Ag and Cu-8Cr-0.1Ag. Before DCT, the electrical conductivities of Cu-14Fe and Cu-8Cr were lower than those of the Cu-14Fe-0.1Ag and Cu-8Cr-0.1Ag, respectively; whereas after DCT, the electrical conductivities of Cu-14Fe and Cu-8Cr were higher than those of the corresponding composites with 0.1%Ag micro-alloying. The possible mechanisms involved in the effects of DCT on the properties of composites were discussed in this paper
Dynamical Properties of a System of Heavy Lagrange Gyroscopes Formed in Closed Chain Applied in a Parallel System
Authors: Velasco-Herrera Graciela
Published: February 2012

One of the most important stages in the analysis of any mechanical model is to establish and find the solution of dynamical equations. Analytical Mechanics has developed a wide range of methods for obtaining equations of motion of coupled rigid body systems that represent a mechanical model. How to use the principles of the mechanics of setting up dynamic equations leads to different forms of presentation. This circumstance is often used to obtain a special form of the equation, which simplifies the study of the dynamic properties of interest to the mechanical model. In this paper we use the method Kharlamov 1 and the theorems of classical mechanics for the specific study of a parallel system, which represents a schematic model of parallel micro-manipulators, such as a finite set of bodies Si (i = 1 , ..., n). This model is to show a design of a parallel micro-platform, that it simulates the virtual movements of a flight simulator, it has three degrees of freedom, and it is a lightweight design. One of the innovations presented in this design consists of the application of a lever mechanism for the transmission of the movement.
A Switched Hyperchaotic System and Analysis of Dynamical Properties
Authors: Li Bian , Qi Ai Xue , Li Wei Bing
Published: February 2012

This paper introduces a new switched hyperchaotic system by utilizing symbolic function. The switched hyperchaotic system converts its states from one subsystem to another via symbolic functions. By the analysis of its dynamics, symmetry, dissipativity, Lyapunov exponent spectrum and bifurcation diagram of the system. The system is implemented by the FPGA hardware. It is shown that the experimental results are identical with numerical simulations, and the chaotic trajectories are much more complex.
Research on the Choice of the Third-Party Reverse Logistics Enterprise Based on the Method of AHP and Goal Programming
Authors: Sheng Xiao He , Yang Wei Ping , Chen Li Hua , Yang Hai Yan
Published: February 2012

In order to solve the choice of the third-party reverse logistics enterprise, this paper analyzed the goal factors involved in the choice of enterprise, confirmed the weight of choice index using the method of AHP, solve the multi-objective programming problems combined with the method of goal programming, established the model of the goal programming, chose the optimal solutions.
Non-Linear Model of Rubber Bearings under Random Excitation
Authors: Jing Hai Yan , Zheng Yan Ping , Fang Ming Xia
Published: February 2012

Through dynamics test and theoretical analysis about rubber bearings in Auto body’s sub-frame, and the past research results of sinusoidal excitation, a hysteretic non-linear mathematical model of the rubber bearings is established under the condition of random excitation. The model shows that the hysteretic renewed force of the rubber bearings under random excitation can be expressed with the mean value and variance of random excitation’s statistical characteristics and speed. Finally curves of the hysteretic renewed force - displacement are reconstructed with the model built, which match the test’s results well.
Material Property Research of High Performance Concrete on its early Age by Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor
Authors: Hu Cun Liang , Jang Il Young , Ji Yan Wu , Kim Il Soo , Li Hui Lin , Kim Seong Kyum , Xu Bi Peng , Yun Ying Wei
Published: February 2012

In this paper, properties of HPC beam during the early curing period are studied by FBG embedded strain sensors. Since FBG senses both strain and temperature simultaneously, FBG temperature sensors are used to compensate temperature effect of FBG strain sensors for accurate measurement of strain. Meanwhile FBG temperature sensors can monitor inner temperature changes of concrete. Simultaneous measuring of strain and temperature has been realized here. The results show that early age autogenous shrinkages of HPC concrete beams during the early curing period are pretty high. Also the content of water reducing agent on autogenous shrinkage has been analyzed.
Research on Software Key Technology of Implement EHR at Small Medium Enterprises
Authors: Hai Yan , Li Zhong Qiu
Published: February 2012

Solving the key technology of software system is the foundation of the enterprise implementation of EHR. For small medium enterprise data quantity is little, and lack of a large amount of money to support, carry on the key techniques of EHR software studies. First, research software framework technology, compare the characteristics of the J2EE framework and the.Net framework, recommend the latter, and give the frame structure; Study on performance evaluation index system, illustrate the basic idea of target management, design implementation procedures of target management; Finally, research system security, design three-dimensional framework based on OSI model network security system structure, make use of the SSL protocol to improve data security between application factors. The results of the study show that, software key technology for small medium enterprises implementation of EHR has the important practical significance.
International Ferry and RORO Ship Simulation in Eastern Asia Using Intermodal Freight Flow Model
Authors: Shibasaki Ryuichi , Fujiwara Toshihisa
Published: February 2012

This paper develops a simulation model to include the short-sea shipping (SSS) on the intermodal freight flow model the author already developed, in order to measure an impact of policy that encourages the utilization of the SSS. The developed model is applied to the real shipping network connecting the northern Kyushu area in Japan with China and Korea; as a result, the model reproduces the actual maritime shipping market well, and some implications are acquired such that in order to advance utilization of the SSS, a kind of drastic policy such as mutual recognition of chassis is needed.
Preparation of Chrome Carbide Coatings on T/P 24 by PIRAC
Authors: Wu Shou Jun , Elazar Gutmanas
Published: February 2012

In order to improve oxidation/erosion resistance of the T/P 24 steel components used in advanced power plants, chrome carbide coatings were prepared by PIRAC (Powder Immersion Reaction Assisted Coating) on T/P24 at 700-1000°C. Microstructure and phase composition of the obtained surface layers were characterized employing X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with chemical analysis (SEM/EDS). Results showed that homogenous smooth chrome carbide coatings can be formed on the substrate. Phase composition of the prepared coatings are differs with PIRAC temperatures. Prepared at lower temperatures or short times treatment, Cr23C6, Cr7C3 and Cr3C2 can be detected in the coatings. While, at higher temperatures or longer treatment times, Cr23C6 is subtotal phase of the produced coating. Moreover, the lower the PIRAC temperature is, the more of Cr7C3 and Cr3C2 are. Thermodynamics calculation based on Gibbs free energy is applied to explain phase composition difference of the coatings.
Logistics System Planning Based on Industrial Supply Chain - Yunnan Province as Example
Authors: Li Yan Feng , Fan Chong Lei
Published: February 2012

The logistics industry is the integration of transport, warehousing, freight forwarding and information industries, such as a composite service industry, is an important part of the national economy, involving wide areas, absorbing large employment, promoting production and consumption, it is always playing a positive role. Logistics has played an important role in promoting the industry structural adjustment, which can change the mode of economic development and enhance the competitiveness of the national economy. Logistics industry is relying on the industries, through the study of industrial supply chain logistics system architecture model, and submits the corresponding industry-based supply chain logistics network planning model, and propose relevant countermeasures and proposals based on the logistics industry in Yunnan Province as empirical Measure. The study of logistics can be start with three basic levels that is the enterprise logistics, trade logistics, and social logistics, finally to build a highly efficient, integrated logistics system of society. Construction of industrial supply chain logistics system, through the construction of industrial supply chain logistics system so that to integrate the social logistics resources of industry as a whole, to achieve large scale, efficiency, integration, can play a role in promoting socio-economic development .
The Water Transferred of Meandering River in Cellular Model
Authors: Zhang Min , Lai Rui Xun
Published: February 2012

We have known that many of the main features of river can be captured in a relatively simple cellular computer model. Here we examine some of the detailed characteristics of this model. We show a new tangential angle and special treatment method in curvature channel in a simple cellular model. The water distribute will be determined by the tangential angle which represent the flow direction. And the same tangential angle cellular in curvature reach will be transport in one group in filially. The results show it can make the flow routing conformed to the real river, and solve the question of curve bending coefficient is too large. The results of the routing scheme are compared with field measurements of cross-section, with the predictions of a more close to the real. It’s indicate that the curvature flow routing scheme outlined here is able to overcome some of the limitations of previous simple cellular automata models and may be suitable for use in curvature reach of river modeling water and sediment transport and channel change in complex fluvial environments. As such this research represents a small and ongoing contribution to the field of numerical simulation of curvature channel processes.
Influence of the Treatment with Sulfuric Acid on Adhesion of Natural Rubber and Cast Polyurethane Elastomers
Authors: Zhang Zhi Yi , Niu Hui Jun , Zhang Jia Jia , Cui Yan Yun
Published: February 2012

In this study, natural rubber (NR) was treated with sulfuric acid to improve its adhesion properties to polar polymer. T-peel strength tests, scanning electron microscopy, contact-angle measurement (water), Energy Dispersive X-ray Detector were used to analyze the nature of the NR surface modifications which were carried out with sulfuric acid. A noticeable decrease in contact angle was observed on the rubber surface by contact-angle measurements which can be ascribed to the increase of oxidized moieties on the rubber surface. EDX revealed that oxidized moieties were created through treatment with sulfuric acid. The surface modiﬁcation and mode of bond failure were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Immersion in sulfuric acid for 15min produced the maximum adhesion strength (10kN/m) and produced a mixed failure mode (interface & rubber failure in the rubber). Treatment with sulfuric acid produced improved wettability as well as chemical (surface oxidation) and morphological modiﬁcations (roughness) of the rubber surface.
Research on Middleware in Ubiquitious Sensor Network Envionment
Authors: Kim Marie , Lee Jun Wook , Bang Hoy Chan
Published: February 2012

IT infrastructure is evolving in a way to use physical information for providing context-aware services to the users and if necessary, to put some actions on the physical world for reacting appropriately based on perception on the physical world. Ubiquitous sensor network (USN) environment consists of various types of sensors and actuators to perceive and communicate with physical world. USN middleware is the system which collects physical information from various sensors and controls physical world with heterogeneous actuators on behalf of USN services. ETRI has been researching and developing USN middleware and this paper intends to introduce the results and the ongoing project.
Detection of False Data Injection Attack in the Internet of Things
Authors: Hu Xiang Dong , Yu Peng Qin
Published: February 2012

With the rapid development of ubiquitous network and its applications, the key technologies of the Internet of things are actively researched all over the world. The Internet of things has tremendous attraction for adversaries, and it is easily attacked due to poor resource and non-perfect distribution of sensor nodes, then false data maybe be injected into network. Security is one of the most important demands for applications in the Internet of things, an algorithm of malicious nodes detection is proposed to protect the network from destruction based on weighted confidence filter, namely, the cluster heads take charge of collecting messages from nodes and computing their average of confidence in cluster-based network, then they aggregate data from nodes with higher confidence than average and ignore the others, they update confidence of each node by comparing the aggregation value and the received data, and regard it as the weight of exactness of message from node. A sensor node is judged to be a malicious one if its weight is lower than the set threshold. The simulation results show that the algorithm can detect malicious nodes with high detection ratio, low false alarm ratio and outstanding scalability.
Research on Headquarter Relocation of Private Enterprise from the Perspective of Network Embeddedness
Authors: Ye Guang Yu , Zhang Jie , Ou Yan Fen
Published: February 2012

This article reviews the headquarter relocation theory and the network embeddedness theory, providing an initial understanding of headquarter relocation from the perspective of network embeddedness. The network embedding feature that has impact on private enterprise headquarter relocation is analyzed, including the relation embeddedness feature, as well as the structure embeddedness feature. After that, the research model of the relationship between network embeddedness and private enterprise headquarter relocation is built, and it shows that private enterprise headquarter relocation decision is a result of the interaction of relation embeddedness feature and structure embeddedness feature.
China’s New Nanofibrous Power Lithium-Ion Battery Separator and its Commercialization Status
Authors: Wang Ya Can , Wu Da Yong , Zheng Qi , Fang Zhe , Jiao Jie
Published: February 2012

The development of separator is the key issue in the development of lithium battery and further more in hybrid power automobile and BEV Nowadays, the lithium-ion battery separator industry in China falls short of independent innovations and global competitiveness, and is still at its early stages. In addition, the demand of separators in China still relies on import. The nanofibrous lithium-ion battery separators produced by electrospinning bears the quality of high cycle performance, strong thermal stability, and high discharge rate etc, thus can meet the needs of high-standard batteries. In this study, we introduce the new electrospun fibrous separators, present its manufacturing procedures and products properties, analyze the status of the lithium-ion battery separator industry and put forward possible solutions.
The Correlation between CRM Strategy for City Commercial Banks and Core Competency Cultivation-Evidence from China
Authors: Ren Wen Ju , Hu Ya Hui , Zhang Tong Jian , Li Ming Xing
Published: February 2012

In order to reveal the incentive functions of customer relationship management (CRM) strategy in the process of core competency cultivation, the structure equation modeling (SEM) is used in this paper. By research hypothesis, model deduction, reliability and verification test, and model checking, SEM can effectively reveal the correlation between CRM strategy and core competence cultivation in Chinese city commercial banks. For illustration, the collected copies are 300 banks, and 298 copies are valid. The sample ratio of sample data and indicators is 6:1, which meets the basic requirements for structural equation test. The empirical results show that the reliability and validity in the research measurement model are quite well and the reliability and validity in the model are also quite well. The empirical research has revealed the CRM-related strategy microcosmic mechanism in core competency cultivation, which can provide the effective theoretical references and support for banks to further strengthen CRM strategy and raise management efficiency.
A Mathematical Model for Predicting the Internal Parameters of Ball Mill
Authors: Wang Ze Hong , Han Yue Xin , Chen Bing Chen
Published: February 2012

The internal parameters of ball mill are very important in the grinding process and have significant impact on the grinding results. Accurate measurement of the internal parameters of ball mill is crucial and indispensable for optimization and control of grinding process. In this paper, a novel tri-sensor measurement method was used to measure the external signals (i.e., bearing pressure, sound intensity and power consumption) of ball mill. Mathematical models, which link the external signals of ball mill with its internal parameters, were established to predict the internal parameters of ball mill. Experimental results showed that the mathematical models could directly predict the internal parameters of ball mill once the external signals were obtained. The tri-sensor measurement method and the mathematical models proposed in this paper provided a new way and solid basis for optimization and control of ball milling.
Catalytic Oxidation Pretreatment of Sulfide-Rich Arsenic-Bearing Refractory Gold Concentrate by Hydrogen Peroxide in Sulfuric Acid in Tongling, China
Authors: Hong Jong Su , Yin Wan Zhong , Ma Ying Qiang , Kim Changs Sok
Published: February 2012

This paper summarizes the result of experiment that was fourced on investigation of oxidation pretreatment on sulfide mineral for leaching of refractory gold concentrate by hydrogen peroxide in sulfuric acid. For a viable option, extraction rate of Fe, Cu was low, but extraction rate of arsenic reached nearly 100%. As the result of oxidation, elemental sulfur was not produced.
Cold Isostatic Pressing–Normal Pressure Sintering Behavior of Amorphous Nano-Sized Silicon Nitride Powders
Authors: Luo Jun Ting , Zhang Chun Xiang , Ma Hai Feng , Wang Ge
Published: February 2012

The amorphous nano-sized silicon nitride powders were sintered by cold isostatic pressing –normal press sintering method. The sintering additives of Y2O3 and Al2O3 powders with average grain size less than 20nm were prepared by polyacrylamide gel method. Relative density of sintered materials rise and pore size reduce with increasing of cold isostatic pressing. When the pressure is 100MPa, the density is only 48% and average pores size is between 2μm and 20μm which obvious the first particle space. When the pressure is 200MPa, the density is 67% and agglomerated particle size reduce obviously as well as the pores size are between 0.1μm and 1.0μm which appears because of the second particle. Pressed compact with a relative density 74% and average pore size less than 0.5μm reach to a good density state at 300MPa pressure. Sintering material composites with Si2N2O and β-Si3N4 phases, compared with hot press sintering composites, which indicates that increasing of sintering press is conducive to the formation phase Si2N2O. Relative density is above 96% and average pore size is less than 500nm at sintering temperature 1800°C.
Effects of Surface Treatment on Photocattalytic Activity of TiO2 Coatings Using Microarc-Oxidation
Authors: Su Hui Dong , Shi Zhong Hua
Published: February 2012

Titanium oxide coatings （Ti/TiO2）were formed on the titanium net surface by micro-arc oxidation(MAO) in Na3PO4 solution using an AC power supply. Then the titanium oxide coatings were treated by acetic acid or La(NO3)3 aqueous solution to improve its activity. The structures and photocatalytic ability of titanium oxide coatings before and after surface treatment were characterized and evaluated by XRD, SEM, EDX. It was found that the titanium oxide film is mainly made of titanium and anatase .When acetic acid aqueous concentration is 0.1mol•L-1 and soak time is 6 hour ,the Ti/TiO2 films photocatalytic degradation rate increased from 15% to 33.6%. When La(NO3)3 aqueous concentration is 0.1mol•L-1 and soak time is 12 hour, the Ti/TiO2 films photocatalytic degradation rate increased from 15% to 34.8%.
Research on Pulverizing Characteristic of Woody Biomass by Cutting Mill
Authors: Sun Peng , Shang Zhi Xin , Gai Guo Sheng , Wu Cheng Bao , Yang Yu Fen
Published: February 2012

To investigate the pulverizing characteristic of wood biomass, the dried woody chip with moisture content of 0wt % were chose as the raw material, cutting mill was used to pulverize the wood biomass at different feed rates, the particle sizes (characteristic particle size and average particle size), uniformity coefficient, density, aspect ratio of wood powder and the specific energy consumption were measured, the morphology of the woody particle was observed by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), the pulverizing mechanism was also discussed. The results indicate that the specific energy consumption is in a range from 47 to 91 kWh/t; the characteristic particle size is about 600 μm, the average particle size is 750μm or so, and both characteristic particle size and average particle size increase with the growth of feed rate largely; the uniformity coefficient is range from 1.34 to 1.72; the bulk density is about 0.20 g/cm3, the tap density is about 0.30 g/cm3, both bulk density and tap density increase with the increase of the feed rate; the aspect ratio is in a range from 2.16 to 3.07.
Separation Test of Andalusite Ore Containing Carbon from Fengcheng City Liaoning
Authors: Wang Nai Ling , Yin Wan Zhong , Ji Zhen Ming , Luo Xi Mei , Sun Da Yong , Wu Hao
Published: February 2012

The paper studied on andalusite ore containing 6.58% carbon from FengCheng, Liaoning province for mineral processing. The study on the technical mineralogy of the ore showed that the main mineral were andalusite, biotite and quartz. The well results were obtained by adopting grinding-desliming-decarburization-flotation-magnetic separation and using sodium petroleum sulfonate as collecter. The mechanism of flotation reagents was analyzed in the end of the paper.
Stepped-Flotation of Mixed Magnetic Concentrate Carbonates-Containing in Donganshan
Authors: Shao An Lin
Published: February 2012

There are nearly 500 million tons of hematite ores carbonate-containing in Donganshang, China. However, the flotation flowsheet previously of in that area was seriously affected by the siderite. Therefore, many ores could not be processed by ordinary methods. In this study, mixed magnetic concentrate in scene was beneficiated by stepped-flotation, in which siderite was separated in first direct flotation step to eliminate its negative influence on hematite flotation, and then the high quality hematite concentrate could be obtained by second reverse flotation step. When the feed was mixed magnetic concentrate in scene with total iron grade of 42.84% and siderite content of 4.04%, an iron concentrate with iron grade of 67.84% and iron recovery of 69.47% was obtained in closed circuit of stepped-flotation.
Study on Effect of Lizardite Crystal Chemistry on Surface Properties and Flotability
Authors: Li Qiang , Yin Wan Zhong , Liu Ming Bao , Ma Ying Qiang , Luo Xi Mei
Published: February 2012

Lizardite was as the research mineral in the paper, and the surface properties of lizardite and magnesium in the surface properties of the solution and the the natural flotability of lizardite were studied. The surface of lizardite easily produced unsaturated groups, and lizardite in the slurry can be generated in the Mg2+, MgOH+, H3SiO3-, H2SiO42-, H6Si2O42- ions and acid molecules and Mg(OH)2 precipitation, that result in the high PZC of lizardite, and the natural flotability of lizardite was poor in sodium oleate and DDA flotation system.
Study on Different Depressants to Influence on Chalcopyrite Flotation
Authors: Bai Li Mei , Han Yue Xin , Yuan Zhi Tao , Li Guang Zhao
Published: February 2012

Depressants used in flotation can inhibit floatable gangue minerals to improve concentrate grade. In this paper, four different commonly used depressants were adopted in order to investigate the effect of depressants on chalcopyrite index and to investigate their inhibition effects on chalcopyrite flotation.The experimental results indicate that, in the flotation system of natural pH of pulp, mixed reagent of xanthate and aerofloat, sodium hexametaphosphate has the best effect on chalcopyrite separation, and the dosage range is 1.5-1.5kg/t, it can improve the concentrate recovery as well as concentrate grade. In the range of 0.5-2.5kg/t, sodium silicate can improve the concentrate grade and concentrate recovery, but the amplitude is small. CMC can improve the concentrate grade while lower the concentrate recovery. The effects of dextrin on concentrate grade and concentrate recovery is not so obvious.
The Experiment Study on a Copper-Molybdenum Ores in Mongolia
Authors: Meng Yu Qun , Dai Shu Juan , Hu Zhi Gang , Tian Li Nang
Published: February 2012

The main element of a ores are molybdenum and copper, which content is 0.056% and 0.16%.The main mental minerals are molybdenum, chalcopyrite and so on, and gangue minerals are mainly quartz, striped feldspar, calcite, et al. The disseminated size of Cu and Mo minerals is fine. The experiment index of concentrate grade of Mo is 45.17% including Cu 0.78%,the recovery of Mo is 78.24%, the concentrate grade of Cu is 13.30%,including Mo 0.03%, the recovery of Cu is 87.18% was got on the condition on the size of the first and the second grinding is -0.074μm 70%,-0.046μm 80%,using lime,sodium silicate as modifier, using butylamine black agent and kerosene as collector in the mix-flotation, using lime, sodium silicate and SK as the modifier,using kerosene as collector is In the separation flowsheet of Cu and Mo by using the flowsheet of mix-flotation of Cu and Mo, mixed concentrate regrinding, the separation flowsheet of Cu and Mo
The Ultrafine Grinding Process of Zirconium Silicate
Authors: Lv Jie , Zhu Lin Feng , Yang Yu Fen , Gai Guo Sheng
Published: February 2012

Zirconium silicate is an important raw material for ceramics. In this article, the author is going to have a brief introduction of the zirconium silicate which includes the raw material zircon, the grinding processing, the application and the future development.
Wet Pre-Concentration of Low-Grade Hematite in High-Pressure Grinding Roller
Authors: Yuan Zhi Tao , Liu Lei , Han Yue Xin
Published: February 2012

The wet pre-concentration of comminuted hematite in high-pressure grinding roller was studied, using the cylindrical ferromagnetic medium in a high gradient magnetic separator. The effects of various factors including rod diameter, rod gap and background magnetic field intensity (BMFI) on the performances of pre-concentration in different size feeds are emphatically investigated. The results showed that as the rod diameter increased, the rod gap decreased and the BMFI increased, the tailings grade and the tailings yield reduced, but the concentrates recovery raised. This variation was regardless of the feed size distribution. After the classifying pre-concentration, the overall concentrate grade increases by 9.56 percentage points and the concentrate recovery is up to the 82.67% with a tailing grade of 10.68% and a tailing yield of 40.31%. Compared with the classifying pre-concentration, the full size pre-concentration produced a concentrate with a lower grade only increased by 6.61 percentage points and the higher recovery of 92.32%. The tailings, with a lower yield of only 26.62% and a lower grade of 7.39%, was mainly produced from the fine feed. The coarse feed in the full size pre-concentration was not separated effectively.
Research in Toughening Wear-Resistant of Alumina Ceramic
Authors: Zheng Zhan Shen , Yang Rong , Li Rui Jiao
Published: February 2012

This article describes the alumina ceramic mixed with two kinds of additives in order to improve the performance of ceramic, such as mixed with submicron ZrO2 and Nano-SiC. The main use of monoclinic zirconia (m-ZrO2) and tetragonal zirconia (t-ZrO2) of reversible phase transition of volume change and use of nano-SiC particle dispersion toughening mechanism to improve the toughness and wear resistance of composite alumina ceramic. Through doing various tests about fired products, including hardness testing, SEM test and bulk density measurement, we can understand the microstructure and mechanical properties of some of the products for analysis.
Studies on the Removal of Humic Acid by Electro-Flotation—Photocatalytic Oxidation of Suspended TiO2
Authors: Guo Ying Qing , Yao Chang Ji , Du Er Deng , Lei Chun Sheng , Zhang Yu Xian
Published: February 2012

This paper gives an experimental research on slightly contaminated raw water by utilizing the combined technology of electro-flotation and suspending TiO2 photochemical catalysis. During the static experiment of degrading humic acid by electro-flotation—suspended TiO2 photochemical catalysis, the ratio of CODMn removal reaches 87.8% in such conditions as two ultraviolet germicidal lamps of 10W, the voltage of 20V, the current of 0.4A, 0.5cm intervals of two groups of plates, the TiO2 dosage of 1g/L and the reaction time of 150 minutes. The preferable synergistic effect can be achieved when combining electro-flotation and photocatalytic oxidation together.
Research on Features of Domestic Wastewater Treatment and Mechanism of Denitrification in Anaerobic MBBR Reactor
Authors: Yuan Hui Zhou , Zhao Jian Bang , Ke Shui Zhou
Published: February 2012

This paper studied on the treatment of urban domestic wastewater with Anaerobic MBBR in the tropical and subtropical areas in the South of China. The emphasis focused on the effects of the Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) and pH value to the CODCrconcentration and the NH3-N concentration of the outflow of the reactor. Moreover, the mechanism of denitrification was also explored. The results showed that the mechanism of denitrification of the reactor was found. When HRT was equal to or more than 8h, NH3-N was reduced mainly in the way of short-cut nitrification and denitrification. When HRT was less than 8h, the reactions of short-cut nitrification and denitrification & anaerobic ammonia oxidation both existed in the reactor.
Study of the Interference between the Diffuser Vanes with the Volute Tongue
Authors: Ji Chun Jun , Zhou Qi
Published: February 2012

the effect of the interference between the diffuser vanes with the volute tongue was studied in this paper, based on the 3-d model of the residual heat removal pump and the numerical flow analysis platform developed with the commercial CFD software NUMECA. Results indicate that poor matching of the diffuser vanes and the volute may cause serious flow losses. The relative position between the diffuser vanes and the volute was optimized by numerical experiments. Final modifications indicate that the efficiency is increased by 6.4%.
Modeling Heat and Moisture Transfer within Porous Textiles under High Temperature Gradients
Authors: Zhu Fang Long , Li Ke Jing
Published: February 2012

The paper consider heat and moisture transport within cotton fabric exposed to fire as drying process. A mathematical model of simultaneous heat and moisture transfer is proposed for the prediction of temperature distributions during high heat flux condition based on the theory of drying. Shrinkage occurring in the drying zone was incorporated into the present numerical model. Using the model, we will can understand the drying mechanism and process of flame retardant cotton fabric used for thermal protective clothing. The discrete calculation and experiments will be presented in the further study.
Effect of Complex Agent on Copper Dissolution in Alkaline Slurry for Chemical Mechanical Planarization
Authors: He Yan Gang , Wang Jia Xi , Gan Xiao Wei , Li Wei Juan , Liu Yu Ling
Published: February 2012

With the microelectronic technology node moves down to 45 nm and beyond, and to reduce the RC delay time, low-k dielectric materials have been used to replace regular dielectric materials. Therefore, the down force of chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) needs to decrease based on the characteristics of low-k materials: low mechanical strength. In this study, the effect of new complex agent on copper dissolution in alkaline slurry for CMP was investigated. Based on the reaction mechanism analysis of Cu in alkaline slurry in CMP, the performance of Cu removal rate and surface roughness condition were discussed. It has been confirmed that Cu1 slurry demonstrates a relatively high removal rate with low down force. And also, by utilizing the Cu1 slurry, good result of Cu surface roughness were obtained.
Effect of Colloidal Silica as Abrasive on Low-k Dielectric Materials in Chemical Mechanical Planarization
Authors: He Yan Gang , Wang Jia Xi , Gan Xiao Wei , Li Wei Juan , Liu Yu Ling
Published: February 2012

With low-k dielectric materials taking the place of oxide dielectrics as the primary dielectric materials, the low-k dielectric materials and interconnection Cu metals during Chemical Mechanical Planarization (CMP) is becoming a critical surface quality issue as well. In this study, experiments are carefully designed and conducted to investigate the effects of colloidal silica under compared acidic slurry and self-prepared alkaline slurry on k value of low-k dielectric materials, and in both of the slurry, colloidal silica (20~30nm) was used as polishing abrasive. The results showed that k value of low-k dielectric materials both increased within a similar range (self-prepared alkaline slurry, 3.27~3.33; commercial acidic slurry, 3.26~3.32), however, the results showed a obviously different result from reference’s report.
Separation of Liquiritin by Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Cong Jing Xiang , Wang Shao Yan , Gao Hong
Published: February 2012

Two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2DLC) is an important technology for the separation and analysis of complex samples. Liquiritin, an important active component in licorice, was chosen as the target compound and it was separated by three kinds of off-line 2DLC, i.e. size exclusion chromatography × reversed phase chromatography, normal phase × reversed phase chromatography and reversed phase chromatography × reversed phase chromatography (SEC×RP, NP×RP and RP×RP). The chromatographic conditions were selected and the 2D systems were combined. The results show that it is feasible to separate Liquiritin from licorice extract using 2DLC. Among the 2D modes mentioned above, the highest purity of Liquiritin was obtained in the RP×RP mode, and the concentration of Liquiritin was increased most significantly in the NP×RP mode.
Efficient Synthesis, Properties of a Novel Unsymmetrical Photochromic Diarylethene Based on Benzothiophene and Thienyl Group
Authors: Jiang Duo Hua , Liu Gang , Liu Wei Jun
Published: February 2012

An unsymmetrical diarylethene derivative was synthesized, and its photochromic properties and fluorescence switch were investigated in detail. The results showed that this compound exhibited reversible photochromism, undergoing reversible cyclization and cycloreversion reactions upon alternating irradiation with UV and visible light both in solution and in PMMA film, and its absorption maxima were observed at 548 nm in hexane and at 558 nm in PMMA amorphous film, respectively, upon irradiation with 297 nm UV light. The PMMA film of the diarylethene 1a exhibited relatively strong fluorescence at 413 nm when excited at 311 nm. The fluorscence intensity is highest at the concentration of 1.0×10-4 mol/L when excited at 311 nm.
Effects of NaF on Mould Flux Properties for Thin Slab Continuous Casting
Authors: Lu Yan Qing , Zhang Guo Dong , Yu Xiao Feng
Published: February 2012

Using industrial material and synthetic test instrument for the physical characteristics of slag, the effects of NaF on melting temperature, viscosity, fluidity, surface tension and Al2O3 inclusion adsorption of mould flux for thin slab continuous casting were studied. The results showed that with the increase of NaF content, melting temperature, viscosity and surface tension decreased obviously, and fluidity and Al2O3 inclusion adsorption increased. The effects of basicity on properties should be taken into account. NaF could play effective role when its content was less than 9%. The results would play a guiding role in designing of mould flux for thin slab continuous casting.