bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Characteristics of Family Farm Business of Farmers Selected for Young Farmer Project
Authors:   Korean Association of Agricultural and Food Policy, Shin Won Sang , Kim Tae Yeon , Ko Kyoung Ho
Published: November 2022

Improving the agricultural manpower structure is an urgent issue in our agriculture. The Young Farming Project is a major project of the youth farmer support policy, targeting young farmers who want to start a new independent farming by further developing the existing succession farm selection project. In our laws and regulations, agricultural holdings are defined as farmers and agricultural corporations, and individual economic units, such as youth successors, are targeted for support. However, since there are various individual economic units within the agricultural holdings, it is necessary to try the business target from various angles in the policy project to introduce new farmers from the outside. In this study, the production unit called the young successor farm, which has the characteristics of the production unit called the family farm, is identified as an individual production unit called the farmhouse, and its characteristics are examined through the concept of the family farm business. In Korea, we are used to understanding family farm and corporate farm as opposite concepts, but in the West, family farm and corporate farm are no longer viewed as opposing concepts due to the past debate on the existence of family farm, and the focus is on how family relationships and business activities are regulated within the farmhouse. By understanding family farm through the concept of a family business, it will be possible to provide a richer perspective for policy improvement in the future.
Marco jurídico nacional del uso de plaguicidas en la República Argentina. Fallos emblemáticos
Authors: González Acosta Gustavo
Published: November 2022

Si bien el uso de agroquímicos resulta fundamental en los sistemas de producción agraria actual de nuestro país, los peligros para el medio ambiente también se conocen. Estos incluyen la contaminación de los recursos hídricos, los suelos y la toxicidad aguda o crónica para los organismos no objetivo, lo que puede llevar a una alteración de las funciones de los ecosistemas tales como la polinización. Teniendo en cuenta que en Argentina algunos de esos peligros se han concretado en daños ambientales y a la salud de la población, nos propusimos la realización de lo que Ciuro Caldani (2012) en sus Bases del Pensamiento Jurídico, define como llevar a cabo: “un análisis de captaciones lógicas de la realidad social de un reparto proyectado” (p.19), a saber: diagnosticar la efectividad y aplicabilidad del corpus jurídico referido a los plaguicidas en la jurisprudencia de la República Argentina. Sostenemos que el régimen jurídico aquí analizado, en general, constituye un marco de análisis exploratorio bastante amplio a los efectos de la ordenación de la materia objeto de regulación. No obstante lo antedicho, la necesidad de una actualización de la misma se pone de manifiesto en las problemáticas percibidas pero no solucionadas en atención al carácter riesgoso, peligroso y tóxico de muchos pesticidas cuyos efectos sobre la salud y el ambiente no siempre son alcanzados por las normas.
El deber de corrección de los progenitores y la responsabilidad civil
Authors: Luis Rui
Published: November 2022

El ejercicio de las responsabilidades parentales incluye el poder-deber de educación. Durante el proceso de correción de los progenitores, a veces son cometidos excesos. Al realizar la evaluación de esos excesos, es necesario considerar las consecuencias y sus efectos en el niño/joven. En las situaciones más relevantes, éstas pueden caer dentro del ámbito de la responsabilidad civil. Para que se configure la responsabilidad civil, es necesario que se cumplan los distintos presupuestos, y es a este análisis al que nos abocaremos en el presente trabajo.
A Meta-Analysis on the Differences in Mathematical and Cognitive Skills Between Individuals With and Without Mathematical Learning Disabilities
Authors: Kroesbergen Evelyn H. , Huijsmans Marije D. E. , Friso-van den Bos Ilona
Published: November 2022

Types of mathematical learning disability (MLD) are very heterogeneous. Lower scores on mathematics and several cognitive skills have been revealed in samples with MLD compared with those with typical development (TD), but these studies vary in sample selection, making it difficult to generalize conclusions. Furthermore, many studies have investigated only one or few cognitive skills, making it difficult to compare their relative discrepancies. The current meta-analysis (k = 145) was conducted to (a) give a state-of-the-art overview of the mathematical and cognitive skills associated with MLD and (b) investigate how selection criteria influence conclusions regarding this topic. Results indicated that people with MLD display lower scores not only on mathematics but also on number sense, working memory, and rapid automatized naming compared with those with TD, in general independently of the criteria used to define MLD. A profile that distinguishes people with more serious, persistent, or specific MLD from those with less severe MLD was not detected.
Antibody-Drug Conjugates Targeting Tumor-Specific Mucin Glycoepitopes
Authors: Brassard Julyanne , Hughes Michael R. , Roskelley Calvin D. , McNagny Kelly M.
Published: November 2022

Finding the ideal epitope to target is a key element for the development of an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). To maximize drug delivery to tumor cells and reduce side effects, this epitope should be specific to cancer cells and spare all normal tissue. During cancer progression, glycosylation pathways are frequently altered leading to the generation of new glycosylation patterns selective to cancer cells. Mucins are highly glycosylated proteins frequently expressed on tumors and, thus, ideal presenters of altered glycoepitopes. In this review, we describe three different types of glycoepitopes that are recognized by monoclonal antibodies (mAb) and, therefore, serve as ideal scaffolds for ADC; glycan-only, glycopeptide and shielded-peptide glycoepitopes. We review pre-clinical and clinical results obtained with ADCs targeting glycoepitopes expressed on MUC1 or podocalyxin (Podxl) and two mAbs targeting glycoepitopes expressed on MUC16 or MUC5AC as potential candidates for ADC development. Finally, we discuss current limits in using glycoepitope-targeting ADCs to treat cancer and propose methods to improve their efficacy and specificity.
Jambi Malay Dance Fashion Aesthetics
Authors: - Fatonah , Bahar Mahdi , M Hartati
Published: November 2022

This research aimed to know the concept of dress aesthetics and art of traditional and creative dance of Jambi Malay, and dress development of Jambi Malay dance could be seen from a dress of traditional dance, creative dance, and contemporary dance. The research result was expected to be one of Jambi Malay culture inventory in social science. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative research method with a symbolic interaction approach. The background of the people of Jambi city which is multicultural makes Jambi city rich in cultural diversity, one of which is dance. Dance dress is included as an important element in dance performance. Dance dress is a symbol of aesthetics and artistry in dance performances. The dress wisdom of Malay dance is not separated from aesthetic and artistic concepts based on concepts of custom and Islam. The concept is based on message of Jambi culture, “adat bersendikan syarak, syarak bersendikan kitabullah, syarak mengato adat memakai”. The research conclusion is that the ideal dress aesthetically according to Jambi Malay tradition after converting to Islam is a dress that covers the genitals. Artistically it is the dress that is lost when moving, with not too much design based on Islamic custom and law while color is usually natural color and adapted.
Behaviour in sustainability transitions: A mixed methods literature review
Authors: Kaufman Stefan , Saeri Alexander K , Raven Rob , Malekpour Shirin , Smith Liam David Graham
Published: November 2022

Sustainability transitions require changing many behaviours embedded in production and consumption systems. Simultaneously, behavioural public policy is now a significant site of research-policy translation globally. Links between behaviour and system change are underdeveloped in both fields. Systematic review of current transitions literature found ~4% of papers focused on behaviour. Two prominent perspectives on behaviour (labelled: ‘everyday’ and ‘strategic’) are critical of a focus on individuals, preferencing broader analysis. Two additional perspectives were identified - ‘automatic’ and ‘reflective’ - which highlight immediate and local influences on behaviour but underemphasise context. All four perspectives on behaviour draw on different conceptualisations, causality, methods and disciplinary foundations, and yet all have value and application to transitions. We argue that a complimentary and flexible approach to behaviour would benefit the field, considering the diversity of phases, scales and contexts of sustainability transitions. Transitions’ own behavioural perspectives could also help address behavioural public policy’s challenges.
Human-likeness of feedback gestures affects decision processes and subjective trust
Authors: Parenti Lorenzo , Lukomski Adam W. , De Tommaso Davide , Belkaid Marwen , Wykowska Agnieszka
Published: November 2022

Trust is fundamental in building meaningful social interactions. With the advance of social robotics in collaborative settings, trust in Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) is gaining more and more scientific attention. Indeed, understanding how different factors may affect users’ trust toward robots is of utmost importance. In this study, we focused on two factors related to the robot’s behavior that could modulate trust. In a two-forced choice task where a virtual robot reacted to participants’ performance, we manipulated the human-likeness of the robot’s motion and the valence of the feedback it provided. To measure participant’s subjective level of trust, we used subjective ratings throughout the task as well as a post-task questionnaire, which distinguishes capacity and moral dimensions of trust. We expected the presence of feedback to improve trust toward the robot and human-likeness to strengthen this effect. Interestingly, we observed that humans equally trust the robot in most conditions but distrust it when it shows no social feedback nor human-like behavior. In addition, we only observed a positive correlation between subjective trust ratings and the moral and capacity dimensions of trust when robot was providing feedback during the task. These findings suggest that the presence and human-likeness of feedback behaviors positively modulate trust in HRI and thereby provide important insights for the development of non-verbal communicative behaviors in social robots.
A reward self-bias leads to more optimal foraging for ourselves than others
Authors: Contreras-Huerta Luis Sebastian , Pisauro M. Andrea , Kuechenhoff Svenja , Gekiere Arno , Le Heron Campbell , Lockwood Patricia , Apps Matthew A J
Published: November 2022

People are self-biased for rewards. We place a higher value on rewards if we receive them than if other people do. However, existing work has ignored one of the most powerful theories from behavioural ecology of how animals seek rewards in everyday life, Marginal Value Theorem (MVT), which accounts for optimal behaviour for maximising rewards. Does this self-bias help or hinder humans to maximise reward when foraging? Participants had to decide when to leave patches where reward intake was gradually depleting, in environments with different average reward rates. Half of the time participants foraged for themselves, and in the other half they collected rewards for an anonymous stranger. The optimal MVT derived solution states people should leave when the instantaneous reward intake in a patch equals the average rate in an environment. Across two studies, people were more optimal when foraging for self, showing a reduced sensitivity to instantaneous rewards when foraging for other. Autistic traits modulated sensitivity to reward rates when foraging for self but not for other. These results highlight that the self-bias may be adaptive, helping people maximise reward intake.
Personality and Intelligence: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Anglim Jeromy , Dunlop Patrick Damien , Wee Serena , Horwood Sharon , Wood Joshua K , Marty Andrew
Published: November 2022

This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the associations of personality and intelligence. It presents a meta-analysis (N = 162,636, k = 272) of domain, facet, and item-level correlations between personality and intelligence (general, fluid, and crystallized) for the major Big Five and HEXACO hierarchical frameworks of personality: NEO PI-R, Big Five Aspect Scales (BFAS), BFI-2, and HEXACO PI R. It provides the first meta-analysis of personality and intelligence to comprehensively examine (a) facet-level correlations for these hierarchical frameworks of personality, (b) item-level correlations, (c) domain- and facet-level predictive models. Age and sex differences in personality and intelligence, and study-level moderators, are also examined. The study was complemented by four of our own unpublished datasets (N = 26,813) which were used to assess the ability of item-level models to provide generalizable prediction. Results showed that openness (ρ = .20) and neuroticism (ρ = -.09) were the strongest Big Five correlates of intelligence and that openness correlated more with crystallized than fluid intelligence. At the facet-level, traits related to intellectual engagement and unconventionality were more strongly related to intelligence than other openness facets, and sociability and orderliness were negatively correlated with intelligence. Facets of gregariousness and excitement seeking had stronger negative correlations, and openness to aesthetics, feelings, and values had stronger positive correlations with crystallized than fluid intelligence. Facets explained more than twice the variance of domains. Overall, the results provide the most nuanced and robust evidence to date of the relationship between personality and intelligence.
Development of a Short Version of the Perceived Social Support Scale: Based on Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory
Authors: Wu Yunchou , Tang Jingqi , Du Zhuoran , ChenKe  , Chen Ke , Wang Fei , Sun Xiaonan , Zhang Guoying , Wu Yibo
Published: November 2022

Background：Despite the relatively small number of items on the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS-12), there has been a trend toward simplification of the scale in order to minimize testing time. In this situation, some researchers based on the responses of military spouses in the U.S., has simplified the PSSS-12 to develop the PSSS-6. This study aimed to develop a short version of the PSSS-12 suitable for the Chinese general population.Methods：A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was employed to collect data from 10,914 residents in 120 cities across the country. After randomly dividing the data into two parts, exploratory analysis and confirmatory analysis were conducted separately. During the exploratory analysis of dataset 1, the scale was simplified using both Classical Test Theory (CTT) and the Mokken model in Item Response Theory (IRT), resulting in one short form for each approach. Additionally, three short forms were obtained by introducing other short forms of the MSPSS scale derived from multidimensional item response theory in previous studies. The empirical validity of the three short forms were tested. Subsequently, the reliability, validity, and assumption of the Mokken model for the two short forms of the MSPSS scale were examined using dataset 2.Results:The 7-item short form developed based on the Mokken model assumption exhibited the best psychometric properties among all the short forms. Moreover, the 3-item short form composed of items with the highest factor loadings in each dimension also demonstrated good psychometric properties.Conclusions:In future research, if a short form of the MSPSS scale is needed for measurement purposes, the 3-item short form is suitable for clinical settings, large-scale cross-sectional studies, or longitudinal studies, while the 7-item short form is more appropriate for more precise measurements.Trial registration:This study underwent ethical review (JNUKY-2021-018) by Jinan University.
Thirty years of the Give-N task: A systematic review, reflections, and recommendations
Authors: Wege Theresa Elise , Bourque Taeko , Merkley Rebecca , Cheung Pierina
Published: November 2022

The Give-N (give-a-number) task has become a popular assessment of children’s number words and counting knowledge since Wynn’s (1990; 1992) seminal work over 30 years ago. Using the Give-N task, numerous studies have shown that children learn the first few number words slowly, before they understand how counting represents number. This learning trajectory and children's associated behaviors on the Give-N task are represented by “knower-levels” and form the basis for a large body of research assessing children’s number learning. Recent research has started to critically analyze the theoretical conceptualisation and reliability of knower-levels. We added to this work by conducting a systematic review of studies using the Give-N task. This review provides an overview of methodological practices and variations in the task’s administration and scoring of knower-levels which have theoretical and methodological implications. We argue that advancing methodology and theory for research in children’s number learning requires (1) consideration of Give-N task administration and scoring in study design and reporting and (2) reflection on the assumptions and limitations of classifying children’s performance on the Give-N task in the knower-level framework.
Prediction Versus Explanation in Educational Psychology: A Cross-Theoretical Approach to Using Teacher Behaviour to Predict Student Engagement in Physical Education
Authors: Noetel Michael , Parker Philip David , Dicke Theresa , Beauchamp Mark R. , Ntoumanis Nikos , Hulteen Ryan , Diezmann Carmel , Yeung Alexander , Ahmadi Asghar , Vasconcellos Diego , Mahoney John , Datta Poulomee , Doidge Scott , Lonsdale Chris
Published: November 2022

Educational psychology usually focuses on explaining phenomena. As a result, researchers seldom explore how well their models predict the outcomes they care about using best- practice approaches to predictive statistics. In this paper, we focus less on explanation and more on prediction, showing how both are important for advancing the field. We apply predictive models to the role of teachers on student engagement: the thoughts, attitudes, and behaviours that translate motivation into progress. We integrate the suggestions from four prominent motivational theories (self-determination theory, achievement goal theory, growth mindset theory, and transformational leadership theory), and aim to identify those most critical behaviours for predicting changes in students’ engagement in physical education. Students (N = 1,324 all from Year 7, 52% girls) from 17 low socio-economic status schools rated their teacher’s demonstration of 71 behaviours in the middle of the school year. We also assessed students’ engagement at the beginning and end of the year. We trained elastic-net regression models on 70% of the data and then assessed their predictive validity on the held- out data (30%). The models showed that teacher behaviours predicted 4.39% of the variance in students’ change in engagement. Some behaviours that were most consistently associated with a positive change in engagement were being good role models (! = 0.046), taking interest in students’ lives outside of class (! = 0.033), and allowing students to make choices (! = 0.029). The influential behaviours did not neatly fit within any single motivational theory. These findings support arguments for integrating different theoretical approaches, and suggest practitioners may want to consider multiple theories when designing interventions. More generally, we argue that researchers in educational psychology should more frequently test how well their models not just explain, but predict the outcomes they care about.
Depression Beliefs Among High-Symptom Adolescents: Correlates, Parent-Child Agreement, and Stability Over Time
Authors: Ahuvia Isaac , Fox Kathryn , Schleider Jessica L.
Published: November 2022

Beliefs about the cause and timeline of depression inform how people manage depression, and are important predictors of clinical outcomes. However, more research is needed to understand the relationship between these variables, especially among adolescents. We assessed causal and timeline beliefs, as well as related depression beliefs (e.g., confidence in the effectiveness of therapy or medication) and clinical variables (e.g., depression symptom severity), in a sample of N = 106 adolescents with elevated depression symptoms and their parents. All methods were pre-registered at https://osf.io/mu2jr/. Adolescents varied substantially in their endorsement of biological and environmental causes for depression, as well as in their beliefs about the timeline of depression. In contrast to prior research, we found that adolescents who held stronger biological causal beliefs also held stronger environmental causal beliefs (r = .39, p = .005). Moreover, neither causal beliefs were strongly linked with pessimistic timeline beliefs (prognostic pessimism) or with adolescents’ confidence in medication or therapy. We did find that pessimistic timeline beliefs were associated with more severe depression symptoms (r = .42, p = .003). Beliefs showed moderate stability across time, and adolescents’ beliefs did not correlate with those of their parents. Our results hold many important take-aways for future research, including that depressed adolescents do not hold biological causal beliefs at the expense of other explanations—as assumed by some existing research on biomedical explanations for depression—but rather tend to hold multiple causal beliefs simultaneously.
An open-source EEGLAB plugin for computing entropy-based measures on MEEG signals
Authors: Cannard Cedric , Delorme Arnaud
Published: November 2022

Machine learning (ML) is revolutionizing the field of biosignals processing and classification. Feature-based and feature-free (deep learning) ML perform equally well on MEEG (electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography) data classification problems. Yet, feature-based ML approaches dominantly rely on traditional, linear MEEG measures such as power spectral density, potentially missing useful information about the neural time series. There is a need for more advanced features that can capture the nonlinearity, complexity, and irregularities of such signals. Entropy-based measures are promising techniques to fill this gap but are difficult to apply to MEEG signals because of the variety of algorithms and parameters available, while user-friendly tools and methodological guidelines are lacking. Hence, we have developed a set of MEEG tools to fill that gap, where we gathered multiple entropy measures, tailored them for MEEG signal, and packaged them in an open-source EEGLAB plugin with a graphical user interface (GUI). We hope this newly accessible framework will help popularize the use of entropy measures with MEEG data, their cross-comparison, and their use as a feature for ML models.
Appraised: The Persistent Evaluation of White Neighborhoods as More Valuable than Communities of Color
Authors: Howell Junia , Korver-Glenn Elizabeth
Published: November 2022

In recent years, journalists have told the stories of families having to erase evidence of their Blackness so that their homes are appraised at similar amounts as their White neighbors. These accounts epitomize the broader trends of racial inequality in home values recently documented by scholars. Yet, previous examinations of racial inequality in home values have not had access to appraisals themselves. This changed on Monday, October 24, 2022 when the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) released the Uniform Appraisal Dataset (UAD) Aggregate Statistics, which includes more than 47 million appraisal reports gathered from licensed appraisers between 2013 and the second quarter of 2022. “Appraised” uses this novel UAD data to evaluate neighborhood racial inequality in appraised values. Among other results, we find that neighborhood racial inequality in appraised values grew by 75% in the past decade and that the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated monetary policy further exacerbated this inequity.Racial inequality in home values directly contributes to persistent racial wealth gaps and residential segregation, which in turn influences racial inequalities in health, income, and educational outcomes. Home value inequalities are the result of appraisal practices that elevate White spaces as the most valuable. Addressing the increasing inequalities requires altering appraising practices and rectifying past injustices.
Gender inequalities at work in Southern Europe
Authors: Ren Yijun , Guglielmi Alessandra , Maestripieri Lara
Published: November 2022

Despite a long-term trend towards reduction, the gender gap in employment keeps standing in Southern Europe. Numerous potential causes have been individuated, such as the household configuration, the human capital of the women, or the institutions that regulate the labour market. Less is know about the role of the locality. This paper explores what covariates influence women’s access to labour markets, and whether it is unevenly distributed across different countries and regions in the Southern Europe. The analysis is based on the dataset round 9 (2018) from the European Social Survey. We focus on the following countries available in the dataset: Cyprus, Italy, Spain and Portugal. Italy and Spain are further differentiated into vulnerable and affluent regions according to the regional GDP in 2018. We apply a regression model for the binary response that is the indicator of having been doing paid work for the last seven days of each individual in the sample. We adopt the Bayesian approach, in order to derive conclusions via a whole probability distribution, i.e., the posterior of all parameters, given data. The statistical goal is the selection of the most important covariates for access to labour market, focusing on gender differences. Our analysis finds out that the individual characteristics are mediated by household composition. Even though a higher education increases women’s employment, the presence of children and having an employed partner reduce such involvement. Moreover, a larger gender gap is detected in vulnerable regions rather than in affluent ones, especially in Italy.
Women in academia: Representation, tenure, and publication patterns in the STEM and social sciences fields
Authors: Krebsbach Jennifer
Published: November 2022

Women in the workplace experience inequity in their professional career options and in their upward mobility. One place this occurs frequently is in higher education. Whether it be their representation at various levels of professorship (wherein male full professors far outweigh the number of female full professors), the interactions with others on campus (especially regarding student expectations of professors), or the expectations that are placed upon them for success (over recruitment for teaching and service to the university; under recruitment for research opportunities and grants), women in academia are finding barriers that are preventing them from succeeding at a similar rate or frequency to that of their male counterparts. This review examines women’s experiences in academia, specifically those items related to promotion. The author describes the individual aspects of tenure (student evaluations, service to the university, and research) and the barriers that women have reported experiencing within each category, the previous data regarding the inequity between male and female professors, and how publication impacts promotion. Inequity exists in each of the three primary areas of the tenure process, but one area that has shown the greatest impact is within academic publication. The author reviewed the literature across Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) and social sciences regarding 1) the role of sex in publication (from both the authors of submissions and the editors-in-chief of the journal), and 2) discrepancies in acceptance rates. The article ends with recommendations for future study surrounding tenure for women in higher education. Although outside the scope of the current research, future researchers should further expand reviews of this type to include people of color in academia.
The impact of academic publication: Publication patterns of women in behavior analytic journals.
Authors: Krebsbach Jennifer
Published: November 2022

The number of women in higher education has increased over the past few decades but are still not at an equal level to their male counterparts, especially at the tenured level. One area of note within the tenure process is research. This area is highly valued by certain universities and could shed light on discrepancies in the number of female faculty as the faculty position becomes more prestigious. The author downloaded 21 years of publication data for seven prestigious behavior analytic journals and used quantitative methods to determine if the rates of publication differed between a previous study and today. There were 8,778 final articles yielding 27,225 authors in total. Data showed that women are represented more frequently overall, across time and all journals, less frequently in prestigious authorship positions, and more often when the sex of the editor at the time of publication was also female. While women's participation has increased over time, and since the original study, there is still disproportionate representation compared to the entirety of the field, in the order of authorship positions, and for editor-in-chief positions.
Isolation and toxicity evaluation of feruloyl ester and other triterpenoids from Synadenium glaucescens Pax
Authors: Rwegoshora Frank , Mabiki Faith , Machumi Francis , Chacha Musa , Styrishave Bjarne , Cornett Claus
Published: November 2022

The use of plants as sources of drug agents is attributed by factors among which are the easy accessibility to plants, less toxicity and little or no drug resistance. An improvement in both traditional medicine and drug discovery field necessitates investigation of pure compounds in any plant with medicinal value. Synadenium glaucescens Pax of the family Euphorbiaceae is among the medicinal plant in Tanzania which are proven to contain bioactive compounds against microbial infections. Analysis of ethanolic and methanolic extracts of root and stem barks respectively aided to isolated six pure compounds (SG1- 6). These compounds were analyzed by both 1D, 2D NMR and GC-MS while their spectral processing was achieved in the Bruker TopSpin 3.6.2. Among these compounds, one was a phenolic (hemicosanyl ferulate-SG1), three triterpenoids, (lupeol- SG2, epifriedelanol- SG4 and eupholSG5), one steroid (β-sitosterol- SG6) and a long chain alkene (1-nonacosene- SG2). Cytotoxicity evaluation by Brine shrimp lethality test (BLST) indicated the compounds under report were practically non-toxic.
A Community Based Cross Sectional Study to Estimate the Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hypertension in Rural Nepal
Authors: Chataut J. , Jonchhe S. , Tamrakar D.
Published: November 2022

Background Hypertension is a major global public health problem because of its high prevalence as it significantly increases the risk of heart attack, stroke, kidney failure and blindness. Epidemiological shift in prevalence of non-communicable diseases have been observed in Nepal and it is also evident that hypertension and related complications are major contributors to death and disability in Nepal.

Objective To estimate the prevalence and explore the associated factors of hypertension in study population.

Method A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in rural population of Nepal with multistage sampling design. A total of 422 participants aged 18 to 65 years of age participated in the study. The information was obtained using pretested questionnaire which included demographic information of individuals and other risk factors like alcohol and tobacco use, physical activity. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure was recorded and hypertension was defined as per JNC VII criteria.

Result The overall prevalence of hypertension was 27.7% (male: 32.7%, female: 19.8%). Mean systolic and diastolic BP were 123.79 ± 12.46 mmHg and 81.56 ± 8.32 mmHg, respectively. Age (eldest age group, AOR=4.92: CI: 1.24-19.46), participants with lower level of education (higher education, AOR=0.173: CI: 0.05-0.53), ethnicity (Janajatis, AOR=2.85: CI: 1.44-5.65) and smoking (current smokers, AOR=10.30: CI: 4.39-24.16) are found to be significantly associated with hypertension.

Conclusion This study showed the prevalence of hypertension is high in study population. Increasing age, low level of education, ethnicity and smoking were independent risk factors for hypertension.
Clinical Efficacy of Subgingivally Delivered Punica Granatum Chip and Gel in Management of Chronic Periodontitis Patients
Authors: Tyagi P. , Dodwad V. M. , Vaish S. , Chowdhery T. , Gupta N. , Kukreja J. B.
Published: November 2022

Background Periodontitis has a multifactorial etiology, and the pathogenic bacteria that reside in the subgingival area are the primary etiologic agent.

Objective The study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and benefits of herbal chip and gel made from extracts of Punica granatum as a subgingival adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP).

Method A randomized control clinical trial was conducted on 30 systemically healthy patient’s sites having chronic periodontitis, and they were randomly allocated to into three treatment groups followed by Scaling and Root Planing in all patients. Group 1 - Ten patients received Scaling and Root Planing and Punica granatum chip at selected sites. Group 2 - Ten patients received Scaling and Root Planing and punica granatum gel at selected sites. Group 3 - Ten patients with Scaling and Root Planing alone. Clinical parameters were recorded at baseline, 21 days and at 45 days which included plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD) and relative attachment level (RAL).

Result Plaque Index and Gingival index showed better reduction in group I compared to group II and group III at 21st day 45th day follow up. Analysing Pocket Probing Depth the intergroup comparison revealed similar results with maximum reduction being seen in group I from baseline to 21 and baseline to 45 days (p < 0.001). On analysing Relative Attachment Loss revealed reduction in all three groups with maximum reduction in group I from baseline to 45 days and reduction in group III was not statistically significant (p < 0.090).

Conclusion The study concluded that Punica granatum chip as an adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing was more effective than Punica granatum gel and scaling and root planing alone.
Spontaneous Pneumothorax: Follow up Treatment Outcome in a Tertiary Care Center of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Ghimire R. H. , Ghimire A. , Bista B. , Yadav S. , Shreewastav R. K.
Published: November 2022

Background Spontaneous pneumothorax is not an uncommon medical emergency in pulmonary practice. Related data are not available in our setting. In emergency departments, clinical presentation is often confused with other cardiopulmonary problems. Follow up outcome is important for better patient care.

Objective To study clinical profile and outcome after non surgical intervention in a tertiary care center.

Method This was a prospective observational study carried out in Nobel Medical College, Biratnagar over last 3 years. We enrolled consecutive spontaneous pneumothorax patients over 15 years of age. Each data related to individual patients were collected in predefined proforma. To study follow up outcome of management, we used OPD attendance or if not possible took, at least two telephone numbers from the patients. All patients were followed for recurrences. Data was statistically analyzed using SPSS software.

Result Over the last 3 years, we enrolled 65 spontaneous pneumothorax patients. Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax was more common (92.3%). Commonest presentations were acute pleuritic chest pain (92.3%), dyspnea (84.62%) and cough (92.3%). COPD (46.14%), PTB sequelae (15.38%), bronchiectasis (23.07%) and bullous lung disease (23.07%) were common risk factors. Tube thoracostomy (95.38%) with pleurodesis with iodopovidone (84.61%) led to lung expansion in 92.3% cases. During follow up, only 4.61% had recurrences of pneumothorax. There was one mortality.

Conclusion Spontaneous pneumothorax is a common pulmonary emergency. Meticulous and careful assessment of the patients may help reach the diagnosis even in primary care setting. Tube thoracostomy followed by pleurodesis with iodo-povidone suffices in most circumstances leading lower future recurrences.
Establishing PCR Testing in Nepal for Covid-19: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Khadka R. B. , Gyawali R.
Published: November 2022

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) invented by Kary Mullis (1983), has become the centrepiece of molecular detection of various infectious diseases including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Many developing countries like Nepal faces various challenges and grab many future opportunities during and after establishment of molecular PCR laboratories throughout the country. This viewpoint describes the involvement of laboratory employees, development and adoption of new protocols or framework, deliberate partnership with national and international community is very efficient for the establishment of PCR laboratories. Beside this, continued alliance and nation leadership is crucial to generate a unified and sustainable PCR laboratory network in the country like Nepal. In future the established PCR laboratories can be utilized for the diagnosis of others pandemic diseases and can be used for multipurpose like in verification of infectious diseases; Oncology; Blood test; Genetic testing.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Posyandu Pedukuhan Kayen Berbasis Web Dengan Waterfall
Authors: Saputro Eko
Published: November 2022

Posyandu di Pedukuhan Kayen Kalurahan Sendangsari Kapanewon Pajangan Kabupaten Bantul setiap bulan tanggal 7 melakukan berbagai kegiatan. Pelayanan terhadap balita, ibu hamil dan lansia, membantu pemeritah dalam usaha Kesehatan bersumberdaya masyarakat. Kegiatan pencataatan data masih manual menggunakan buku registrasi sehingga banyak hal yang harus diperbaiki. Permasalahan yang muncul data tercatat manual, kurang lengkap, bila mau laporan harus di susun ulang, melihat kondisi buku catatan yang ada sudah usang. Pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dalam pelayanan posyandu bisa mengurangi berbagai masalah dan kedepan bisa di kembangkan berbagai bentuk layanan sehingga lebih bermanfaat. Perancangan sistem informasi berbasis website untuk pelayanan Posyandu Pedukuhan Kayen ini menggunakan metode Waterfall. Kebutuhan penyimpanan di rancang setelah di Analisa, di buatkan database dan antar muka agar mudah pemakaian aplikasi. Dengan menggunakan sistem informasi yang baik pasti akan mampu meningkatkan pelayanan, data tersimpan rapi, informasi bisa dipakai bersama berbagai pihak yang terkait, laporan-laporan bisa lebih cepat dan manajemen bisa lebih transparan.
Police Prejudice or Logics?
Authors: Sausdal David
Published: November 2022

This article discusses a high-profile 2020 Danish murder case where a young man was brutally killed by two brothers on the small island of Bornholm—a case that became the center of attention not only in Denmark but internationally with the New York Times reporting on it, saying “A Black Man Was Tortured and Killed in Denmark. The Police Insist It Wasn’t about Race.” Building on my long-standing ethnographic research of police investigations in and beyond Denmark, the article contemplates why the Danish police so readily denied the existence of a hate crime. How, in other words, was it possible for the Danish police to deny what to others seemed so apparent? Was it indeed yet another case of police prejudice as both media and many others believed? Or could it, as this article suggests, also be an example of a specific mode of rationality that governs much police thinking and detective work specifically?
Study of the Ukrainian-Russian information counteraction during the war in Donbass and the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Veselkov N. L.
Published: November 2022

The implementation of attacks in cyberspace during the Ukrainian-Russian war, applications of both information and disinformation attacks and cyber attacks on the infrastructure of Ukrainian companies and the government are considered.
Human psychological and biometric factor in the development and use of social engineering methods in peacetime and wartime
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Ganchenko M. I.
Published: November 2022

The subject of this article is the process of influence of social engineers on people by manipulating consciousness, emotions, feelings without and with the use of modern information technology processing and simulation of biological characteristics of mankind in peacetime and wartime. The purpose and objectives are: consideration of existing methods of social engineering such as phishing, trojan, pretexting, watering hole, betting, quid pro quo, persecution, reverse social engineering through the prism of human feelings: naivety, inattention, greed, gullibility, curiosity, belonging fear; Consideration of modern technologies: handwriting forgery - My Text in your Handwriting algorithm, voice substitution - Descript's Ovrlab service, artificial dialogue - Replika application and face replacement - Deep Fake technology, which can help fraudsters to achieve their own goals of obtaining confidential data and carrying out further attacks based on them, as well as manipulating the consciousness of the real perception of events in wartime. The methods used are: psychological and sociological research methods, such as observation, social engineering methods, forecasting methods based on analysis and conclusions about future trends. The following results were obtained. Associations of methods of social engineering with feelings to which this or that psychological influence of the social engineer is directed are created. The potential of using emerging technologies with social engineering techniques to carry out more effective and sophisticated attacks, taking into account the favorite effects of criminals: haste, surprise, confusion, feelings of pity, anxiety, excitement and so on. The possibility of threats related to the procedures of authentication and authorization of users of biometric data on the basis of the considered modern technologies of imitation of biometric data of mankind: handwriting, voice, face. The scientific novelty of the research results is as follows: the importance and necessity of careful treatment of confidential information that people disseminate about themselves in all aspects of their social life; identified the main feelings on which social engineers play to achieve their own goals and benefit; the potential of development of modern technologies of imitation of biometric data of people in efficiency of carrying out attacks by methods of social engineering is specified, efficiency of use of means and methods of social engineering during information wars for influence on unstable psychological state is proved.
Threat analysis of web-applications based on REST architecture
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Prus K. V.
Published: November 2022

The paper analyzes the problem of cybersecurity of Web-applications, defines the purpose and objectives for securing Web-applications. The analysis of vulnerabilities of Web-applications is carried out. Based on the research conducted in the work, recommendations for the use of methods for protecting Web-applications have been developed.
Phishing techniques in mobile systems
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Alekseyenko O. A.
Published: November 2022

The rapid development of mobile devices and communication technologies has led to a sharp increase in the number of mobile device users. The mobile device has replaced many other devices and is used for many tasks, from making a phone call to important and confidential tasks such as cash payments. Because a mobile device accompanies a person most of the time, it is very likely that it contains that person's personal and confidential information. Wider use of mobile devices in everyday life has made mobile systems a great target for attacks. One of the most important attacks is a phishing attack, in which an attacker tries to obtain the victim's credentials and impersonate him. This paper analyzes different types of phishing attacks on mobile devices. Mitigation methods are also analyzed - methods of protection against phishing. An assessment of each method and a summary of its advantages and disadvantages are given. Finally, important steps are taken to protect against phishing attacks. The purpose of the work is to cover phishing attacks on mobile systems, inform people about these attacks and how to avoid them.
Legal bases and stages of building information security in Ukraine
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Barsukova K. I.
Published: November 2022

The article defines the legal basis for building an effective system of information protection by analyzing regulations. A study of legal methods of information security by analyzing and studying a comprehensive information security system and information security management system in accordance with the international standard ISO 27001. Describes the main stages of building a comprehensive information security system and information security management system, compares them.
Security monitoring and management based on the use of IBM QRadar SIEM system
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Gunder A. M.
Published: November 2022

The article clarifies general information about security monitoring and management (SIEM) systems; researched SIEM as a tool to achieve compliance with regulatory security requirements; studied the functionality of IBM QRadar as a typical SIEM sample.
Methodology for detecting network intrusions and signs of computer attacks based on an empirical approach
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Lukyanenko T. Yu.
Published: November 2022

The article analyzes the characteristics of detection of network intrusions into the information system and detection of signs of computer attacks at the enterprise; analysis of possible actions by attackers, methods and principles of establishing an optimal network intrusion detection system were investigated; considered the possibilities of developing and using systems for detecting network intrusions and detecting signs of computer attacks at the enterprise in modern conditions; researched and developed recommendations for the implementation of intrusion detection systems and detection of signs of computer attacks for possible further installation in the information protection system of any organization.
Investigation of cyber incidents in the corporate information system based on Autopsy and Volatility solutions
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Goncharenko M. F.
Published: November 2022

This article provides information on basic investigation methods for any organization based on Autopsy and Volatility solutions. Possible sources of data and the difficulty of extracting certain information from them are analyzed. General recommendations for conducting investigations are offered. The considered tools and the process of analyzing the received data.