bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corticosteroids in Oral Medicine Practice
Authors: Andabak Rogulj Ana , Lončar Brzak Božana , Vidović Juras Danica
Published: December 2024

Corticosteroids are one of the most useful and commonly prescribed drugs in oral medicine practice. They are hormones of the adrenal cortex with strong anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. Topical and systemic corticosteroids are used in the treatment of many diseases with oral mucosal manifestations such as oral lichen planus (OLP), pemphigus vulgaris (PV), pemphigoid, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), as well as in the treatment of chemical injuries, traumatic lesions, recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU), and many other. Rarely occurring side effects of topical steroid therapy are oral candidiasis and mucosal atrophy. Side effects occur more often with the systemic use of corticosteroids, such as adrenal insufficiency, hypertension, diabetes, infection, glaucoma, and osteoporosis. However, despite various side effects, corticosteroids still remain irreplaceable in the treatment of numerous diseases and conditions.
Perspective Chapter: SDG 9 – Sustainable Innovation in the Foreign Trade and Logistics Value Chain
Authors: Vicente Villa-García Jorge
Published: December 2024

The evolution of the service industry and the development and advancement of society on a global scale have been influenced by strategic decision-making in the administration of the various economic sectors. Likewise, the challenges of caring for the environment, hence the analysis of the actions of the 2030 Agenda and specifically infrastructure, industry, and innovation, make up Goal 9. This is a cross-cutting issue that has become a pillar and a precursor to the various phases of growth and development of society. It encompasses Supply Chain and Integral Logistics Services, as well as Freight Transport, Storage, and Supply Services. It is the international commerce value chain. In the following domains: government, business, academia, chambers associations, and consulting services, the systemic approach’s digitalization of services and their chronological progression are examined using the Quality Health System (QHS) Methodology. A conclusion regards the impact of digital innovation on productivity, efficiency, efficacy, and competitiveness in localized global business intelligence. The development of standards of labor, professional, and research competencies through applied research through postgraduate thesis projects strengthens competitiveness and the learning curve for generational renewal in businesses in the value chain of foreign trade, customs, and logistics.
The Role of Inherited Coagulopathies in the Development of Primary and Secondary Postpartum Hemorrhage
Authors: Schmiedl Jolana , Castaman Giancarlo
Published: December 2024

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) remains the leading cause of maternal death worldwide, despite advances in diagnostic and management of massive bleeding in recent decades. It accounts for 25 percent of maternal deaths annually. Nearly 14 million women experience PPH each year, leading to 280,000 deaths globally [World PPH Summit 2023, Dubai]. PPH is preventable and requires increased attention to inherited causes of massive bleeding, which are often underestimated and lead to late diagnosis. The recent report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) emphasizes the urgent need for action in low- and middle-income countries. However, high-income countries are also impacted by global movements that may negatively affect trends in maternal deaths. This chapter addresses the role of different coagulation factors in developing primary and secondary PPH, the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, and the significance of treatment protocols in obstetric settings. Additionally, we discuss the current guidelines for managing PPH and how recent developments in the diagnosis and treatment of inherited bleeding disorders could influence the management of PPH.
Pathology of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
Authors: Singh Aman , Singh Krishna
Published: December 2024

The proposed chapter will involve role of different mechanisms in renin-angiotensin system (RAS) leads to regulation of blood pressure and diseases such as hypertension, heart failure and renal disease. We will also discuss how RAS provides potentials therapeutic target in the treatment of hypertension, kidney disease, and heart disease. There are many drugs which affects different mechanisms of the RAS system and accordingly being used to block different targets in different diseases. We will talk about the success and failures of these drugs. At the end we will discuss clinical trials and their outcomes and how an adverse outcome can be modulated.
Analysis of Rayleigh and Love Waves in the Valley of Mexico and their Effect on Ground Motion Amplification
Authors: Gómez-Bernal Alonso
Published: December 2024

The propagation of Rayleigh and Love waves in the basin of Mexico City during the two catastrophic earthquakes of September 19, the events of 1985 and 2017 are investigated. The analysis of the strong ground motion characteristics observed during the Michoacán Earthquake of September 19, 1985, M8.1, included accelerations recorded in stations near to the source, in the path, and in Mexico City. The motions consist of a group of superficial waves of different periods: the fundamental mode of Rayleigh wave is identified with a period about 12 sec, with retrograde elliptical motion; later waves of periods with 5–2 sec with prograde motions are identified. Besides, a Love wave with period of 10 sec is identified. As a complement to the observations, we use a sedimentary layer model of the Valley of Mexico. In the analysis of the Puebla-Morelos earthquake of September 19, 2017, M7.1, with its epicenter roughly 120 km to the SE of Mexico City, shear and surface waves were compared in the acceleration waveforms. Additionally, analyses of microearthquakes occurred on December 12, 2023, with epicenters inside Mexico City were included in this work, showing the generation of surface waves inside the basin during local events.
Big-Five Personality Traits of Manufacturing Managers Engaged in Mass Customization
Authors: Raghavendra Kumar Sharma Renduchintala , Singh Dhananjay , Kumar Vishvakarma Niraj
Published: December 2024

In literature, mass customization is achieved through job shop (supported by MRP-2), flexible manufacturing system (FMS) and modularization. Job of organization leaders (in mass customized firms) is to integrate the demands of the marketing department (high product variety, short lead times and excellent delivery performance) and the manufacturing department (seeking longer production runs and more accurate demand forecasts). We argue that leaders of mass customization firms need to be high on extraversion (to keep everyone on the same page: not supported), low on agreeableness (so that the organization does not make a blunder: supported but not statistically significant), high on openness to experience (to try out newer things and innovate: not supported), high on conscientiousness (more systematic to reduce chaos: supported), low on neuroticism (greater emotional stability under stressful conditions: supported), high on perception and low on judgmental (MBTI type personality) so that one takes a good look at different alternatives available (supported). We argue also that leaders of MC firms are thinkers (supported) and need to be more intuitive (Jungian personality type) to handle higher complexity and dynamism (not supported). We discussed reasons why some hypotheses were not supported.
Dialog as a Catalyst: Examining Cultural Influence and Knowledge Development in Organizational Settings
Authors: Brown Nicola , Olushola Ogunrinde Joyce
Published: December 2024

This chapter explores dialog as a catalyst for cultural influence and knowledge development in organizations. It examines how structured and spontaneous conversations shape organizational culture, foster innovation, and promote collective learning. The discussion delves into the interplay between communicative practices and the formation of shared values, dissemination of ideas, and evolution of institutional knowledge. Drawing from practitioner experiences in human factors and ergonomics along with scholarly articles in organizational psychology, sociology, and communication studies, the chapter analyzes mechanisms through which dialog facilitates cultural exchange and knowledge creation. It offers insights into leveraging dialogic approaches for enhancing organizational performance, promoting cultural intelligence, and cultivating adaptive learning environments in today’s dynamic business landscape.
Leadership in Digital Project Management World
Authors: Lapshun Alex
Published: December 2024

Discussion on leadership and leadership styles is not new for the business and academic worlds. However, with the development of Industry 4.0 and the digitalization of the world, this discussion entered a new phase to answer whether leadership principles are different in a digital world and whether the traits of a successful leader differ from those we knew 20 years ago. Three years of the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the digitalization of businesses and business processes, shaping the definition of leadership. This chapter aims to verify the validity of blended mini-ethnography and case study research in the wake of the pandemic and answer the question about a leadership style in a hybrid environment that fosters a high-performance organizational culture. This chapter validates the outcomes of this research in the post-pandemic world by analyzing it with 76 peer-reviewed papers published during and after the pandemic on digital leadership. The future of leadership will demand a continuous commitment to learning, adaptability, and a focus on driving innovation and human connection. Successful leaders will embrace the complexities of a digitally driven world while remaining grounded in trust, respect, and empathy. These leaders will shape the future of work and the future of organizations in an increasingly digital, yet undeniably human, world.
Role of Micronutrients in MAFLD
Authors: Liberati Pršo Ana-Marija , Krznarić Željko
Published: December 2024

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has become recognized as a global public health issue and one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease, potentially progressing to conditions such as steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocarcinoma. Diet and lifestyle changes are vital for preventing and treating MAFLD, but they can also play a role in its development. Micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) derived from the diet are essential for optimal functioning due to their antioxidant properties, influence on enzyme activities, and role in immune system regulation. However, data suggest that their intake can have both beneficial and detrimental effects on fatty liver disease, potentially leading to toxicity or exacerbating MAFLD. This chapter aims to explore the important micronutrients linked to MAFLD, with a particular focus on vitamin D, which has been largely studied and frequently prescribed in recent years.
Biobased Activated Carbon and Its Application
Authors: Zakir Hossain Md. , Badrul Islam Chowdhury Muhammad
Published: December 2024

The increasing environmental concerns regarding the depletion of fossil resources and the excessive production of waste have shifted attention toward sustainable materials derived from renewable resources. Biobased activated carbon (BAC), derived from biomass, has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional fossil-derived activated carbon (AC), offering numerous advantages in terms of sustainability, cost-effectiveness, environmental impact, and wide-ranging applications. The production process of BAC involves the carbonization of biomass materials followed by activation, which enhances its porosity and surface area. These characteristics make BAC highly effective for applications in water and air purification, energy storage, and environmental remediation. In water treatment, BAC is used to remove pollutants like heavy metals, organic contaminants, and microplastics through adsorption. In air purification, it helps eliminate harmful gases and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Additionally, BAC has emerged as a key material in energy storage technologies, particularly in supercapacitors, due to its high surface area and electrical conductivity. Its use in soil amendment and environmental remediation is also gaining attention for removing toxic substances from contaminated environments. The development of BAC is aligned with global efforts to reduce carbon footprints and promote circular economies. Its versatility and sustainability make BAC a promising material in addressing environmental challenges while providing an alternative to fossil fuel-derived products. This chapter will cover all the possible applications where BAC is being used.
Regional Weak and Strong Stabilization of Time Delay Infinite Dimensional Bilinear Systems
Authors: Hassan Zerrik El , Akoubi Abdelkarim , Ait Aadi Abderrahman
Published: December 2024

This chapter centers its attention on achieving regional stabilization for infinite-dimensional bilinear systems with time delay that evolves within the spatial domain Ω. The central objective is to investigate the asymptotic patterns of such systems within a designated subregion ω of Ω. Subsequently, we proceed to showcase the realization of regional weak stabilization through the application of conditions related to weak observability. Furthermore, the potential for regional strong stabilization is demonstrated, contingent on the fulfillment of exact observability conditions. To validate the precision of the theoretical outcomes, we incorporate illustrative examples and simulations.
The Effect of Sourcing Models on Marketing Expenditure, Medical Schemes – South Africa
Authors: Mncedisi Willie Michael , Chivandi Abigail
Published: December 2024

The business sourcing model and various structural components, including sourcing models, exert a significant influence on a company’s performance and sustainability in various ways. Research has consistently shown that the structural characteristics of an organization have a notable impact on its performance outcomes. This study specifically investigated how the sourcing model employed by a medical plan impacts its marketing expenditures. The examination of this relationship was guided by two fundamental theories: the resource-based perspective and the dynamic capabilities theory (DCT). Additionally, the selection of specific variables was based on empirical analysis of the study’s variables. The research adopted a population-based quantitative research methodology for its analysis. Data for the study was sourced from three years’ worth of expenditure data provided by the regulatory authority. The findings of this study indicate that sourcing models do not serve as deterministic factors in determining marketing expenditures. Consequently, it is recommended that further evaluation of the sourcing models utilized by medical schemes be conducted, particularly in terms of their impact on marketing capabilities. When feasible, medical schemes are encouraged to consider insourcing their marketing activities. In cases where insourcing is not a viable option, medical schemes should consider the implementation of performance-based contracting linked to specific performance targets.
Simulation of Ozone Gas Absorption Cross-Section: A Concentration-Based Analysis for Green Communication
Authors: David Michael , Haniff Ibrahim Mohd , Mahdaliza Idrus Sevia , Ching En Marcus Tay
Published: December 2024

This chapter explores the impact of ozone concentration on its absorption cross section in the visible spectrum. We used a computer program called Spectralcalc.com and a database of ozone absorption lines (HITRAN 2012 line list) to simulate how ozone absorption cross-section changes with different concentrations. While transmittance through a 50 cm gas cell exhibited a continuous dependence on concentration, the absorption cross section of 5.1055×10-25m2 /molecule itself remained constant for wavelengths around 603 nm at concentrations of 170 ppm and above. This finding deviates slightly (between 1.41 and 2.44%) from previous studies. Our simulations suggest that ozone concentrations between 170 and 1200 ppm have a negligible effect on the absorption cross section at this specific wavelength.
Pidotimod in pediatrics: new evidence and future perspectives
Authors: Ciprandi Giorgio , Marseglia Gian Luigi
Published: December 2024

Pidotimod is a synthetic dipeptide that exerts immunomodulatory activity, modifying innate and adaptive immunity. Pidotimod firstly acts on Toll-like receptors, then on antigen-presenting cells and other immunocompetent cells. Pidotimod also affects immunoglobulin production and their switching. Evidence shows that pidotimod effectively and safely prevents respiratory infections, mainly in children with recurrent and frequent infectious episodes. In addition, pidotimod may be helpful as an add-on strategy in managing children with infections. Finally, there is evidence that pidotimod, thanks to its immunomodulatory activity and preventing respiratory infections (the main trigger for asthma exacerbation), may be beneficial in managing subjects with asthma and allergic diseases. The present review presents and discusses the most recent studies conducted in children with asthma, allergic rhinitis, recurrent respiratory infections and acute infections. Lastly, pidotimod is safe and well-tolerated in children.
ADDNet - An Enhanced Convolutional Neural Network for Detection and Classification of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Chamakuri Radhakrishna , Janapana Dr. Hyma
Published: December 2024

The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the principal factor that causes dementia, diminishing cognitive abilities of people across the globe. Early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) using non-invasive methods is critical for long-term human health. Health and wellbeing for all is one of the sustainable development goals set by the United Nations (UN). In line with this goal, there has been a significant research effort in the healthcare domain to detect Alzheimer's disease. Methodologies based on learning for automatic diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have increased in significance with the development of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL). Existing AI-enabled methods for medical image processing modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are efficient because they are based on profound understanding techniques like convolutional neural networks (CNN). Motivated by this, our investigation on CNN-based methods revealed that there is a need for leveraging network efficiency with the configuration of layers and optimizations. At the end of this research, we provide a system that can automatically detect and classify AD. The framework is based on a deep knowledge of how to detect AD in a given patient using a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) image. The proposed CNN model, known as Alzheimer's Disease Detection Net (ADDNet), enhances the baseline CNN model. This model has improved the architecture for progressive generation of characteristics and enhanced it for early AD detection. The suggested method, called learning-based Alzheimer's disease detection (LbADD), makes use of ADDNet. We conducted our empirical research using the frequently used Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset as a benchmark. The results of our experiments demonstrate that ADDNet clearly demonstrates its robustness, as it achieves an overall accuracy of 98.83%, which is superior to that of other models. The Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) can incorporate our approach in healthcare units to assist doctors in AD detection, diagnosis, and correlation of facts.
A Deep Learning-based Psychometric Natural Language Processing for Credit Evaluation of Personal Characteristics
Authors: Praveenchandar Dr.J. , Karthi S. Sankalp , Sowndharya R. , Dayanand Lal Dr.N. , Biswas Debarghya , Nandy Manish
Published: December 2024

Psychometric assessments that gauge individuals' skills, competencies, mindsets, and personality characteristics are essential for several practical applications, including online shopping, healthcare, and cybercrime. Conventional approaches cannot collect and measure extensive psychometric characteristics promptly and discreetly. As a result, despite their significance, psychometric factors have garnered less focus from the Natural Language Processing (NLP) and data sectors. This paper presents Deep Learning (DL), the Proposed model, designed to extract psychometric variables from user-generated texts. The proposed model incorporates an innovative representation insertion, a regional insertion, a Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) encoder, and a multitasking method, all functioning collaboratively to tackle the distinct issues of obtaining complex, nuanced, and user-focused psychometric measurements. The trials on three real-world datasets involving 11 psychometric characteristics, such as confidence, nervousness, and literacy, demonstrate that Proposed model significantly surpasses conventional feature-based classifications and leading DL frameworks. Ablation research indicates that every component of the Proposed model substantially enhances its general efficacy. The findings illustrate the effectiveness of the suggested design in enabling comprehensive psychometric examination.
A Conceptual Framework and Examination of Online Learning Applications Using Software Infrastructure for Pedagogy
Authors: Saydazimova Dr. Umida , Lutfullaeva Dr. Durdona , Ziyamukhamedov Dr. Jasur , Mustafaeva Dr. Samida , Saidov Dr. Shavkat , Ubaydullaeva Dr. Saodat , Khudayberdieva Dr. Dilfuza , Kholmuradova Dr. Leyla , Karimov Nodir
Published: December 2024

Integrating modern technology into teaching is not recent; hence, studies in this field have been conducted over the years. The implementation of Augmented Reality (AR) as a software infrastructure has captured the interest of educators and generated new possibilities in teaching. The advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has enabled educators to adopt innovative approaches and tactics for evaluating and analyzing teaching and learning processes. Learning Analytics (LA) has developed the capacity to revolutionize traditional teaching methodologies through systematic and multifaceted approaches aimed at improving the effectiveness of online education. The study seeks to establish a conceptual framework for expanding online learning, particularly incorporating mobile apps into educational activities. This is accomplished by analyzing the current techniques implemented to improve academic standards via the active application of technology advancements and the existing frameworks for online learning. The results indicated that incorporating technology gadgets in classrooms is crucial for pupils to succeed, highlighting the imperative for exemplary educators to adjust to digital innovations and prepare learners for opportunities in the changing digital environment. The study contended that successful curriculum implementation requires a synthesis of technical advancement and business platform modification as essential mechanisms for achieving worldwide educational sustainability.
Neural Machine Translation Model Using GRU with Hybrid Attention Mechanism for English to Kannada Language
Authors: Spandan Gunti , Theerthagiri Dr. Prasannavenkatesan
Published: December 2024

Neural machine translation is a machine translation system that uses artificial neural networks to identify nonlinear relationships between bilingual sentence pairs. The language English-Kannada pair has met with less attention in the field of Neural Machine Translation (NMT), mostly due to lack of parallel corpora and the complexity of Kannada's linguistic structure. This research proposes a novel NMT model based on Gated Recurrent Units (GRU) and a Hybrid attention mechanism designed specifically for Kannada's morphological complexity and compared with existing models. By adding language-specific preprocessing techniques and employing data augmentation tactics, our model outperforms previous LSTM, GRU and Bi-LSTM-based algorithms in terms of BLEU and METEOR scores. The proposed model with hybrid attention might be a useful substitute in low-resource settings because transformers and other large models require more resources. The comparative study indicates that the proposed methodology improves the translation by 10% increase in Bilingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU) and accuracy of 80% and achieved a Rouge Score of 0.9.
Congestion-aware Weighted Sum Routing for Enhanced Network Lifetime in Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks
Authors: Prasad L.V.R. Chaitanya , Kamatham Dr. Yedukondalu , Sunehra Dr. Dhiraj
Published: December 2024

Conventional Energy-Efficient routing in Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks (CRSNs) often compromises network lifespan. This research proposes a congestion-aware routing scheme that improves both energy efficiency and longevity. Unlike existing protocols, our approach uses a weighted sum of five parameters: distance, energy load, link quality, data flow rate, and neighbor density to guide packets along less congested, energy-efficient paths. The reduced Energy Consumption by 5.67 J, lowering End-to-End delay by 0.05-0.35 ms, decreased network overhead by 0.25-0.65% are attained and this will result in extending the operational Network Lifetime as demonstrated by Network Simulator 2 simulations.
Enhanced Accuracy for Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD) Prediction based UMAP Feature Using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Jyothi B. , Mary Gladence Dr.L.
Published: December 2024

The Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), a common histopathological manifestation of carcinoma of the lungs as well as a variant, grouped as Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC), makes up 45-5% of every instance of cancer of the lungs. Different variables, notably environmental exposures and genetic makeup have been discovered to contribute to the onset and advancement of LUAD. It has been shown that combining the expression of genes with other information can help detect lung cancer patients. It offers several more perspectives that improve the categorization of cancers. Based on the results, it is believed that identifying the genes that have an extensive expression in malignant cells as opposed to typical ones is a difficulty, which calls for the application of computational tools. Applied computing techniques encountered more problems with this data set because of its elevated resolution and small sample size. Many supervised and unsupervised educational strategies have been developed for the classification of GED cancer. Since the most important traits remain unidentified, ML techniques have not been very successful in reducing dimensionality or classifying malignancy in GED patients. This research aims to address these challenges by leveraging the power of Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) to enhance the feature space representation. This paper offers a unique Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model to predict, particularly LUAD types of cancer among the other gene expression data such as BRCA, COAD, KIRC, and PRAD cancer. The results of the proposed UMAP with ANN model 3 demonstrate for the detection of LUAD data when evaluated using performance measures has the highest accuracy of 99.53%.
Pengaruh Lingkungan Belajar Terhadap Motivasi dan Kreativitas Siswa di SMP Negeri 20 Surabaya
Authors: Galih Rachmad Pratama  , Siti Aminah  , Amira Wahyu Utami  , Shelma Devanatasha  , Kaniati Amalia
Published: December 2024

This study aims to see how motivation and learning environment affect students' motivation and creativity at SMPN 20 Surabaya. Motivation and learning environment have an important role in the learning process that can improve student learning outcomes. A comfortable and supportive environment can encourage creativity and increase students' enthusiasm for learning to achieve learning goals. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach to understand how a positive environment affects students' motivation and creativity. The results show that a comfortable environment and complete facilities, such as reading corners, libraries and laboratories, are very influential in developing students' creativity. In addition, the role of teachers is also very important to create a supportive and conducive learning atmosphere, appreciate the ideas put forward by students, and encourage them to be more creative and motivated to do more activities in the future. Therefore, schools need to create a supportive learning environment and provide opportunities for students to develop their talents and interests to the fullest.
ASSESSMENT OF THE CONTRIBUTION OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICE DELIVERY TO TOMATO FARMERS’ LIVELIHOOD IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Momodu, S.S.  , Yusuf, O.H.  , Musa, B.M.
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to assess the contribution of Agricultural extension service delivery to tomato farmers’ livelihood in Kaduna State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling procedure was employed in selecting 214 tomato farmers. Data were collected using questionnaire and analyzed Z-test estimation analysis. The findings revealed that there was a significant increase (Z-value = 9.336) in the yield of tomato production at 1% level of probability due to agricultural extension services delivery. Based on the income and level of living of the tomato farmers, the results show that income (Z-value = 2.643) and level of living (Z-value = 2.880) were significant at 1% probability level. It is concluded that there was an improvement in yield, income, and level of living of tomato farmers as a result of utilizing extension service activities in the study areas. The study therefore recommends that to build on the success of participating farmers in tomato production, ensuring the long-term sustainability of agricultural extension services is crucial, thereby solidifying the gains made and supporting continued progress in the sector.
Pozitivna specijalna prevencija i nove tendencije u kriminalnoj politici - o nedostacima eliminatornog Feindstrafrecht-krivičnog prava i značaju primenjene kriminologije za kriminalnu politiku po meri ljudske zajednice
Authors: Bock Michael
Published: December 2024

Primenjena kriminologija je posebna kriminologija koja sadrži naučne metode za analizu pojedinačnog slučaja - kriminalne ugroženosti pojedinca. Bez tih metoda de lege lata je nezamisliva ozbiljna implementacija i ostvarivanje pozitivne specijalne prevencije, koja je počev od Franca Lista, već decenijama oblikovala nemačko krivično pravo. Poslednjih godina političke kampanje i pritisak medija znatno su naškodili pozitivno-specijalnopreventivnom kriminalnopolitičkom konceptu. Drugačije od represivne i punitivne reakcije, ali i većine kriminoloških škola, primenjena kriminologija sudijama, socijalnim radnicima i drugim praktičarima pruža pouzdan instrument za ocenu kriminalne ugroženosti pojedinca. Otuda je primenjena kriminologija neophodna za svakoga ko veruje da cilj krivične reakcije nije da eliminiše učinioca kao stranog neprijatelja, već da ga pridobije za zajednicu i život koji je u njoj bez prestupa moguć.
Analysis of crack response on structures due to blasting and non-blasting factors
Authors: Vojinović I. , Stojadinović S. , Svrkota I. , Stojanović M. , Šabaz D.
Published: December 2024

Seismic waves caused by blasting activities can be a source of damage to structures. The most common damage is the appearance of cracks or the widening of existing cracks. Structures are also affected by environmental factors. Depending on the conditions, temperature and humidity can cause a stronger reaction in the cracks than blasting. However, the effects of non-blasting factors last much longer than those of blasting, so the load gradually increases, allowing for an even and timely distribution of stress around the crack tip. On the other hand, blasting factors act over a short period of time, resulting in a rapid increase in the stress intensity factor at the crack tip and a faster release of stress energy. The FEM (finite element method) analysis of these impacts was conducted on a model in the ABAQUS CAE software. The results of the analysis show that the influence of blasting factors is significantly higher compared to the influence of non-blasting (environmental) factors. The strain energy and the stress intensity factor per unit time are much higher under the influence of blasting factors. The strain energy is 9.58 × 1010 times higher, and the stress intensity factor at the crack tip is 309583 times higher due to the dynamic load, observed over a period of 0.033 seconds.
Silk of the Indian meal moth Plodia interpunctella (Hübner, 1813) affects the human colon cancer cells
Authors: Nikodijević Danijela , Milutinović Milena , Radenković Nikola , Blagojević Stefan , Vasiljević Anđela , Jurišić Vladimir , Predojević Dragana , Vukajlović Filip , Pešić Snežana
Published: December 2024

The insect silk protects the larvae that produce it. This implies that it may contain biologically active substances that can be used in medicine. In this paper, the cytotoxic and proapoptotic potential of Indian meal moth (Plodia interpunctella) silk extract was examined after 72 h of exposure to the SW-480 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line. Apoptosis was examined by monitoring the cell morphological changes by fluorescent staining, acridine orange/ethidium bromide, and DAPI, as well as by flow cytometry. The results showed that silk extract has a very good cytotoxic and proapoptotic activity. The selective effect of silk indicates the presence of a high level of biocompatibility with normal human cells. Based on the results of increased gene expression for caspase 8 and 9 in silk extract-treated cells compared to control, apoptosis was induced by a caspase-dependent pathway.
Opial inequalities for a conformable ∆-fractional calculus on time scales
Authors: Mirković Tatjana , Bajić Tatjana
Published: December 2024

In this paper, an Opial-type inequality is introduced on time scale for a conformal ∆-fractional differentiable function of order a, a ∈ (0, 1]. In the case where the certain weight functions are included, one generalization of the Opial inequality is proved using conformal ∆-fractional calculus on time scales. Moreover, for n times conformal ∆-fractional differentiable function on time scale, n ∈ N, an Opial inequality is obtained. In particular, through examples, the main results from the paper are compared with classical ones on generalized time scales. At the end of the paper, we indicate possible applications of the obtained Opial-type inequalities in the consideration of stochastic dynamical equations where conformal ∆-fractional calculus on time scales is included, which requires further research.
Corporate income tax: Experiences of implementation in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Božić-Miljković Ivana
Published: December 2024

Companies are independent economic entities that have the competence and legitimacy to carry out a certain type of activity. As such, companies act in the market, are in the role of buyers and sellers, enter into contracts, own property, incur debts and resolve potential problems in legal disputes. Just like any other person who engages an activity and earns income from it, the company must pay taxes on the profit it earns from this activity. Profit tax belongs to the category of direct taxes. Revenue from corporate income tax accounts for approximately 6% of the total tax revenue of the Republic of Serbia. The rights and obligations of companies as taxpayers under this measure of tax policy in the Republic of Serbia are regulated by the Law on Profit Tax of Legal Entities. The importance of profit tax as a measure of tax policy can be observed and analyzed from the aspect of its impact on state revenues. In this context, the corporate income tax is one of the elements of achieving the basic fiscal goal: collecting public revenues to cover public expenditures. Also, the application of regulations in the field of taxation of positive business results has certain implications for the company's operations, and as such, is very important for business decision-makers in the company. That part of the fiscal policy determines the total volume of investments in equipment and facilities, the types of those investments and the method of their financing. The effects of the application of legal provisions, which in practice regulate the issue of profit tax, on domestic companies are often compared with the effects that this measure of fiscal policy has on companies and states from the region. On the other hand, the experiences of the European Union in this area are of great importance, and the monitoring of those experiences, as well as the application of European regulations in this area, can be extremely useful from the perspective of the state and its economic entities.
Basic characteristics of unjust enrichment in domestic and comparative law
Authors: Nikolova-Marković Aleksandra
Published: December 2024

In this scientific paper, an analysis of the basic characteristics of unjust enrichment in domestic and comparative law was made. During the research and preparation of scientific work, methods of analysis, inductive-deductive method and historical method were used. Unjust enrichment is a special source of obligation law. Its beginnings date back to Roman law, where condiction and version lawsuits were formed. The importance of unjust enrichment is reflected in the possibility of eliminating the violation of the principle of equivalence in the broadest sense of the word and returning material values to the subject to whom they belong by law. This paper will also include an analysis of the terminology of unjust enrichment, its definition, its dilemmas, the necessary conditions for its emergence, the effect, that is, the content of the obligation, both in domestic legislation and in comparative law.
Specifics of military leadership
Authors: Hatidža Beriša , Barišić Igor
Published: December 2024

The paper starts from consideration of the theoretical basis of leadership, as well as its relationship with management as a basic approach in managing the organization, in order to arrive at a certain definition of military leadership. Leadership exists as long as man himself, throughout history it has been instinctively understood and experienced almost as a natural phenomenon. There were always leaders and every activity of a group of people was led by someone. Leadership came into the focus of the scientific community, as a subject worth studying, only at the beginning of the 20th century. Through more than a century, until today, definitions of leadership have changed, evolved and been conditioned by a large number of factors, ranging from the dominant philosophy of the historical moment to the point of view of the scientific discipline for whose needs leadership is defined. Through paper, the authors strive to single out the basic characteristics of the military organization and military calling and look at their influence on leadership in the military context. The focus of the research is to highlight the characteristics of the extreme military environment and identify the essential characteristics of military leadership in such extreme dangerous conditions. The goal of the paper is to comprehensively look at the essential characteristics of military leadership, while respecting the fact that it is about specifics, and not about a new, fundamentally different approach to leadership and management compared to civilian organizations. Pointing to the specifics of the military call, the unjustification of the tendency to equate the military profession with other less dangerous and riskier occupations is highlighted, which also reflects the social importance of paper.
Realidad virtual para evaluar la competencia en gestión del aula: estudio sobre afrontamiento de conflictos
Authors: Alvarez Ibis M. , Morodo Andy , Romero-Hernández Alejandro , Manero Borja
Published: December 2024

Este estudio subraya la importancia de utilizar escenarios realistas para evaluar la Competencia en Gestión de Aula (CGA), tradicionalmente medida mediante cuestionarios. Se evaluó la CGA de futuros docentes de secundaria con Didascalia Virtual Classroom, una plataforma de simulaciones en realidad virtual para fomentar esta competencia. El objetivo fue identificar y categorizar las estrategias de afrontamiento del profesorado en formación para gestionar incidentes en un entorno de Realidad Virtual Inmersiva. El estudio, realizado en el máster de formación del profesorado, incluyó a 39 estudiantes de ocho disciplinas de dos universidades españolas. Se diseñaron tres escenarios simulados que representaban comportamientos disruptivos: perturbaciones en la relación profesor-alumno, entre compañeros y durante el trabajo en grupo. Se utilizó un enfoque metodológico mixto con una aproximación exploratoria-descriptiva. Los datos se recogieron mediante vídeos de las actuaciones de los participantes y se realizó un análisis de contenido temático basado en los estilos de gestión de conflictos de Thomas y Kilmann (2008): cooperación, compromiso, complacencia, evitación y dominación. Los resultados mostraron que los participantes tendían a usar estrategias asertivas y reactivas, como dominación y compromiso. Se identificaron dos subgrupos con perfiles distintos: uno asertivo, pero no cooperativo y otro con baja asertividad y moderada cooperación. Se observaron diferencias en la implementación de estrategias según los escenarios. Esto sugiere que los futuros docentes deben desarrollar flexibilidad en la gestión del aula, adoptando un enfoque proactivo y adaptando estrategias a diferentes contextos y comportamientos disruptivos.
Nivel de preparación para aprendizaje en línea en aspirantes a ingresar a Educación Superior a distancia
Authors: Hernández-Gutiérrez Myrna , García-Minjares Manuel , Sánchez-Mendiola Melchor
Published: December 2024

La Educación a Distancia exitosa requiere que los estudiantes posean habilidades y competencias para lograr un aprendizaje satisfactorio, como colaboración, autorregulación y comunicación. No todos los aspirantes a programas de educación superior en línea cuentan con las habilidades necesarias, por lo que es necesario investigar el tema con instrumentos sustentados académicamente. Para examinar la preparación de los aspirantes para aprender en modalidad a distancia, se recabaron durante tres años las respuestas de 32,789 aspirantes a ingresar a carreras a distancia en una universidad pública de gran tamaño, empleando el cuestionario Student Readiness for Online Learning (SROL). Se realizó la traducción inversa del cuestionario. Con análisis factorial de componentes principales, se identificó que la preparación para el aprendizaje en línea se asocia con la valoración/ejecución del aprendizaje autónomo, del uso de herramientas tecnológicas y de la comunicación en ambientes virtuales. Con un indicador de preparación de aprendizaje en línea se encontró que 40 % de los aspirantes cuentan con un alto nivel de preparación para estudiar en línea, con área de oportunidad en el aprendizaje autónomo; destaca que la comunicación entre pares es el aspecto identificado como de menor importancia por los aspirantes. En conclusión, el instrumento SROL para evaluar la preparación para el aprendizaje en línea, adaptado al español, posee evidencia de validez y confiabilidad en una universidad pública latinoamericana. Los aspectos con mayor área de oportunidad son el aprendizaje autónomo, ser autodisciplinado y concentrarse en el estudio sin distracciones.
Intelligent Systems Model For Selective Laser Melting (Slm) Additive Modeling Of The Damping Of Ti-6al-4v In Turbulent Flow During Powder Bed Melting In The Manufacturing Process
Authors: Belgada Rihab Rihab
Published: December 2024

With industrial modernity and its multiple advantages over global industry. The use of 3D printers has become a primary necessity for the industry. The laser melting process (SLM) is one of the most widely used processes for the manufacture of metal parts from a powder. Thanks to laser fusion manufacturing, very complex structures and geometries can be produced with very good quality. The materials used in SLM are metals that come in the form of granules. During the manufacture of the parts, the metal powder cannot be compacted as much during the process. It is therefore necessary to use supports for cantilevered structures. The interest of our research is to model the suspension mechanism of Ti-6Al-4v granules in a turbulent flow of Newtonian fluid due to the fusion of granules in a powder bed. We will start with a mathematical study based on the transport equation for Ti-6Al-4v granules and the Navier-Stokes equations. Then the mathematical and numerical discretization of the equations is done by using the finite volume method, for the resolution of the equations we use the Gauss-Seidel method. And finally, we built a numerical code for the resolution of the fluid velocity equations and the concentration profile of the granules in the FORTRAN language.
Numerical study of turbulent separated flows in axisymmetric diffusers based on a two-fluid model
Authors: Kholboev Bokhodir , Malikov Zafar M , Madaliev Murodil E , Shoev Mardon , Masharipov Sirojiddin
Published: December 2024

This paper discusses a numerical study of turbulent flow at Re = 1.56×104 in an axisymmetric diffuser with half-angle expansion α=14°, 18° и 90°. The results obtained are compared with known experimental data. The flow at the diffuser inlet is fully developed turbulent. To simulate the flow, a relatively recently developed two-fluid turbulence model in the Comsol Multiphysics software package was used. The paper also presents numerical results of the well-known SST and SA turbulence models, which are included in the Comsol Multiphysics software package. It is shown that the two-fluid turbulence model in the Comsol Multiphysics software package is capable of producing more accurate results than known models. In addition, it demonstrated good convergence and stability.
A Practical Alternative Model To Approximate A Fully Two Dimensional Thermally Non-Symmetric Annular Fin Efficiency
Authors: Hadjira Benallel , Najib Bouaziz Mohamed
Published: December 2024

A new practical and approximate two-dimensional is developed to take into account the thermally non-symmetric annular tick fin model and to avoid the laborious solution involving additional calculation of infinite eigenvalues. Using the perturbation method, a representative with satisfactory accuracy model is produced. For convenience, the developed analytical model is used here, in its numerical version, to show its validity and for an investigation of the effects of significant parameters on the efficiency of the annular fin. The same outcomes are obtained when the 1-D and present model are compared using the corresponding values. Then, different and easier calculations are carried out to illustrate the impact of the three primary parameters- the thickness, the asymmetry ratio, and the end Biot number- that define the annular fins. It is shown that, for thick or thin fins, the unequal convection heat coefficients of the the two surfaces have a significant impact on the distribution temperature and fin efficiency. With high thermal conductivity thick fins can increase cooling efficiency. For thicker fins, a significant impact of the end Biot on fin efficiency is observed.