Foreign language urban planning terminology in Russian professional discourse of the 21st century
Authors:   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Banschikov Dmitry S. ,   Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, Shchitova Olga G. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University
Published: December 2024

Foreign language terminological units in the sphere of urban planning that function in Russian professional discourse of the 21st century are studied on the basis of scientific publications, standards, and Internet communication texts on urban planning. The relevance of the topic of this study is due to the fact that foreign language urban planning nominations are not fully reflected in terminological dictionaries and require further study to harmonize professional communication. In modern linguistics, the term systems of construction, building materials, technologies, and design of the architectural environment have been examined for borrowings, but foreign language urban planning terminology in the Russian language has not yet been studied in the linguistic aspect. The work aims to identify and describe term units of foreign language origin in the modern discourse of urban planning, determine the time and sources of borrowing, features of assimilation in the system of the receiving language, namely in the sublanguage of urban planning. The object of study are terminological units borrowed from foreign languages and functioning in the Russian sublanguage for special purposes in the sphere of urban planning at the present stage of its development. The focus of the study is a reflection of the processes of transposition of foreign language vocabulary from the source language to the recipient language. The material for the study was terms of foreign language origin selected by a continuous sampling method from such sources of urban planning discourse as textbooks, building codes and regulations, scientific articles, professional sites on urban planning issues, Internet blogs, etc. In total, about 300 foreign language nominations were considered and analyzed. The basis for the study was the works of linguists E. Haugen, D.S. Lotte, S.V. GrinevGrinevich, and others. According to the accepted classification of borrowings, taking into account the stages of assimilation of foreign language terminological units in the Russian language, the following types of terminological units of foreign language origin
are identified and discussed in the article: lexical borrowings (foreign language inclusions; transcribed/transliterated foreign language terminological units; exoticisms and borrowed words); morphemic borrowings; syntactic borrowings; semantic borrowings: calque and half-calque terms. To determine the degree of assimilation of foreign terminological units in the sublanguage of urban planning, a linguistic experiment was carried out, in which 50 respondents took part (students of TSUAB and urban planning specialists). Based on the results of the work, mastered and unmastered foreign language terminological units were identified, infographics were built based on the survey results, a classification of borrowings was made, and the main methods of borrowing
were determined.