bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Different Stocking Density on the Growth of Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in Aquaponics Budikdamber System
Authors: Harahap Yopie Ryan Audy , Julyantoro Pande Gde Sasmita , Dewi Ayu Putu Wiweka Krisna
Published: February 2024

Budikdamber (fish farming in buckets) is an innovation from the aquaponics system that is carried out to keep catfish (C. gariepinus) and plants in the same container. In the Budikdamber system, it is important to pay attention to the high and low density of fish stocking because the rearing container used is a bucket. The purpose of this research was to determine the growth rate and survival rate of catfish at different stocking densities. This research was conducted with 3 treatments and each treatment had 3 repetitions, treatment A (40 fish/m3), treatment B (80 fish/m3), and treatment C (120 fish/m3). The observations showed that the highest specific growth rate of catfish was found in treatment A with a value of 12.74%, followed by treatment B 12.55% and treatment C 12.20%. The highest survival rate of catfish was found in treatment A, which was 90.8%, followed by treatment B at 87.9%, and treatment C at 86.7%. The highest feed conversion ratio (FCR) of catfish was found in treatment B, which was 0.475, followed by treatment A at 0.445, and the lowest FCR value was found in treatment C, which was 0.368. Water quality parameters measured during observations included dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, acidity (pH), nitrite and nitrate, where all water quality parameters were still considered optimal for growth and survival of catfish.
Degradation of the Aquatic Environment in Tujuh Muara Lake, Pamulang District, South Tangerang Affected by Urban Liquid Waste
Authors: Ewaldo Kevin , Fajrianshah Evans Azka , Supriatno Supriatno
Published: February 2024

Water is a natural resource requirement needed for every living thing. Water pollution will affect water availability, so efforts are needed to fix it. The purpose of this study is to determine the quality of the water, analyze the degradation that occurs and provide recommendations for efforts that can be made to improve the ecosystem of Lake Tujuh Muara. The research location was Tujuh Muara Lake, Pamulang District, South Tangerang. The method used in this research is by using storet. Water quality data were collected at two monitoring points: the inlet and outlet areas. Observation of environmental degradation is carried out using field observations. Parameters observed in this study were biological dissolved oxygen (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), detergent and coliform group. The analysis results show Tujuh Muara Lake's water quality exceeds the class II quality standard based on Government Regulation 22 of 2021. Two parameters exceed the quality standards: BOD and COD at the inlet point of 5.60 mg/L and 27.29 mg /l. The resulting BOD and COD values at the outlet point were 16.80 mg/L and 53.50 mg/L. Degradation of the aquatic environment is known by the abundance of water hyacinth plants that thrive and the turbidity and silting of the bottom of the lake waters. Efforts that can be made to improve the lake environment are by constructing constructed wetlands, building WWTPs, and implementing sustainable ecotourism
Potential And Carrying Capacity of Tourism Area in Onanbalu Beach, Bokonusan Village, Semau Island, Kupang District
Authors: Saraswati Suprabadevi Ayumayasari , Manu Fandrianus Dhena , Kangkan Alexander Leonidas
Published: February 2024

This research was conducted to know the physical potential of Onanbalu Beach and what attractions could be developed as well as the carrying capacity of the area. The research method used is a scoring method based on the value of tourism suitability and analysis of the carrying capacity of the area. The research shows that: (1) The physical potential of Onanbalu beach consists of a beach width of 1.77-2 m; The type of beach is white sand, rocky and rocky; The width of the beach is 40.30-58 m; The basic material of the waters is rocky sand; Current speed is 0.19-0.27 m/s; The slope of the beach is 7-10°; The brightness of the waters is 3 m; Closure of coastal land in the form of trees, thickets, and settlements; Dangerous biota in the form of sea urchins; Availability of fresh water, namely 1-2.21 km, (2) Attractions that are suitable for development on Onanbalu beach, namely beach recreation, sunbathing, swimming, beach volleyball, and boating as well as the carrying capacity of the area carried out on Onanbalu beach, which can accommodate 14,833 people every day, with a total tourist area of 47.2 Ha. The area of Onanbalu Beach which is utilized for all activities is 27.78 Ha.
The Effectiveness Of Citric Acid As An Anti-Ectoparasite Of Marine Leech (Zeylanicobdella arugamensis) Through Soaking
Authors: Nike Mustika Sari  , Gede Iwan Setiabudi  , Indah Mastuti  , Ketut Mahardika
Published: February 2024

Zeylanicobdella arugamensis infection causes health problems for cultured grouper. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of citric acid soaking as an anti Z. arugamensis ectoparasite. A total of ±120 Z. arugamensis were isolated from sick hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus x E. lanceolatus) placed in Petri dishes (6 Petri dishes). Citric acid solution with 0, 50, 100, 150, 250, and 400 ppm was added to the petri plates. Immersion of Z. arugamensis was carried out for 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. Each 30 Z. arugamensis/treatment/30 minutes was taken and placed in 3 petri dishes (10 individuals/petri dish) filled with seawater. Observations were made on the response of Z. arugamensis. Comments were made on cocoon development into larvae. The citric acid safety test was conducted on cantang hybrid grouper infected with Z. arugamensis. A total of 3 test fish were soaked with citric acid solution in seawater at concentrations of 0, 150, 250, and 300 ppm. Observations of fish condition were made after 30 and 60 minutes of immersion. The results showed that citric acid concentrations of 250 and 400 ppm effectively killed Z. arugamensis (76.67±15.28-100%), and their cocoon development reached (0%). A citric acid concentration of 300 ppm is still safe to use for immersion of cantang hybrid grouper infected with Z. arugamensis for 60 minutes. Citric acid concentrations of 250-300 ppm can also release Z. arugamensis from the fish body. Citric acid has antiparasitic properties and lowers the pH of seawater.
Households’ Factors Influencing Choice of Waste Management Strategies in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Adefunke Funmilayo Adebayo  , Taiwo Timothy Amos  , Jimoh Atanda Afolabi
Published: February 2024

The study examined the factors influencing Households' choice of waste management strategies in Lagos State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select respondents for the study. In the first stage, two states (Lagos state and Ogun state) were purposively selected based on their well-organized waste management systems, relatively advanced waste management arrangements and close proximity. In the second stage, three LGAs were purposively selected from Lagos state, while three LGAs were selected in Ogun state considering well-organized waste management systems. In the third stage, a stratified sampling technique was used to select four communities from each LGA into two different strata, namely: high-income and low-income stratum. In the fourth stage, fifteen respondents were selected using a systematic sampling technique. In all, 360 respondents were used for the study.

Primary and secondary data collected from 360 respondents were analyzed using descriptive statistics, multidimensional poverty index, multinomial logit, regression model, contingent valuation and probit regression model. The average age of the household head was 47 years, which implies that the respondents were mostly middle-aged people who were still within their economically active age group. This is expected to positively influence the respondents' decision-making as they would be making sound decisions regarding waste management since they are likely to be more exposed to different health-related information. The result further proves that the majority (51.1%) of the household heads in Lagos and Ogun States were male. The higher percentage of male-headed households in the study area suggests that they were the breadwinners of their respective households. The Multinomial logistic regression result showed that years spent in school, household size, cost of waste disposal, membership of cooperative, biodegradable and transfer payment were the major factors that determine the acceptance of waste management strategies alternatives available in the study area.
Influence of Heuristic Mathematics Teaching Method towards Students’ Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Moshi District, Tanzania
Authors: Valence Rwehabura  , Evastela Kaponga
Published: February 2024

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of heuristic mathematics teaching methods on students' performance in public secondary schools in Moshi District, Tanzania. The study was guided by Constructivism learning theory, which was pioneered by Jean Piaget (1936). The study employed a quantitative research approach whereby a cross-sectional survey design was used. The study’s target population was 61 public secondary schools, 73 mathematics teachers, and 28,134 students in Moshi District. Six schools and twelve teachers were selected using a straightforward random selection procedure, and 394 pupils were chosen using Slovin's formula. Both mathematics teachers and students were given access to quantitative tools (questionnaires). The reliability of Likert scale items was determined by the Cronbach Alpha technique. The collected data was sorted and analysed by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS – version 20) computer software. The study found that heuristic teaching method has a positive contribution towards students’ performance. The researcher concluded that heuristic teaching method used by mathematics teachers had a large number of contributions to students’ learning of mathematics. According to the study's recommendations, the government should make sure that mathematics teachers have access to training programs on using heuristic teaching techniques to boost students' performance.
Practicability of Fundraising Used by Heads of Schools in Mobilizing Physical Resources in Public Secondary Schools in Hai District, Tanzania
Authors: Jackline Mosha  , Dr. Catherine Muteti  , Dr. Bahiya Abdi
Published: February 2024

The study investigated the practicability of fundraising used by heads of schools in mobilizing physical resources in public secondary schools in Hai District. The study was guided by one research question. Convergent research design under a mixed methods approach was employed. The study anchored on Resource Mobilization theory. The targeted population was 1 District Secondary Education Officer, 624 teachers, and 31 heads of schools in public secondary schools in Hai District. Probability and non-probability sampling techniques were used to select 124 Teachers, 6 Heads of School and 1 DSEO, making a total of 131 respondents. Data were collected through Questionnaires, interview guides and document analysis guides. Validation of instruments was done by three research experts from Mwenge Catholic University. The reliability of quantitative data collection instruments was ensured through Cronbach alpha for Likert-type items where the coefficient determined was 0.7, hence acceptable for data collection. Credibility of qualitative data collection instruments such as interview guides and document analysis guides was ensured through triangulation. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics to generate percentages, frequencies and means scores. Qualitative data from the interview guide was organized and analyzed thematically. The study found fundraising to be an essential strategy to bridge resource gaps, improve the availability of physical resources, and common strategies for mobilizing physical resources in public secondary schools. The study recommends that teachers and heads of schools strengthen teamwork in conducting fundraising for the mobilization of physical resources.
Determinants of Knowledge Sharing among Employees of Tamale Technical University
Authors: Aboko Akudugu  , Nyaaba Mary  , Alidu Abraham
Published: February 2024

The research delved into how knowledge is shared among employees at Tamale Technical University. Using frequency and percentage scores, the study established a positive inclination towards knowledge sharing. The majority of participants demonstrated both an understanding (60%) and a willingness (71.1%) to actively engage in sharing knowledge. Also, the study identified workshops and training sessions as the primary methods for disseminating knowledge, with 28.7% of respondents preferring this approach. This underscores the significance of structured learning environments in facilitating the transfer of knowledge among employees. Additionally, the research revealed key factors influencing knowledge sharing. Trust (Beta = 2.052, Sig. = .020) computed at p < 0.05 emerged as a significant catalyst, indicating that as trust levels increase, so does the willingness to share knowledge. Moreover, both management support (Beta = 2.618, Sig. = .023) and university policies (Beta = 2.256, Sig. = .009) were found to have positive significant effects on knowledge-sharing behaviours, underscoring the crucial role of organisational support in fostering a collaborative knowledge-sharing environment. The study recommends a focus on initiatives such as open communication, transparent decision-making and mutual respect that will cultivate and fortify trust levels among employees for knowledge sharing.
Unlocking the Perceptions of Fishing Communities for a Credible and Effective Weather Forecasting and Early-Warning System in Zanzibar, Tanzania
Authors: Jamilah Ally Ramadhani  , Sara N Seme
Published: February 2024

Small-scale fishers are highly vulnerable to the impacts of weather conditions and climate variability, which can significantly affect their livelihoods and safety at sea. This study assessed the small-scale fishers' access and usage of weather forecasts and early warning systems in Zanzibar. It did so by examining the fishing communities' perceptions of the matter and patterns of utilisation of the weather information. It investigated the sources and accessibility of weather forecasts and early warning systems to the fishers. It utilised a descriptive and observational design using qualitative approaches. Data were collected through structured interviews, observation, and focus group discussions with samples of small-scale fishers in six villages in Unguja and Pemba in Zanzibar. The findings show that small-scale fishers in Zanzibar face significant challenges accessing reliable and timely conventional weather forecasts and early warning information. Limited access to communication technologies, including television and smartphones, emerged as a significant barrier. In addition, the utility of modern meteorological information and early warning systems is limited by their perceived unreliability to fishing communities. The fishing communities extensively use traditional weather forecasting methods informed by generations of tradition. Using informal communication channels and telephony services, local communities integrate conventional weather information served through short messaging services with traditional weather prediction systems. The integration provides credible results shared across the communities for collective decision-making on safer fishing practices. These findings are important for Zanzibar's policymakers, fisheries management agencies, and climate service providers. There is a need for the Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar and other stakeholders to deliberate and improve communities' access to reliable weather forecasts and early warning systems for their resilience and sustainable fishing practices. It is also important for the government and other stakeholders to promote integrating indigenous knowledge with scientific forecasting methods for a comprehensive and contextually relevant information framework for small-scale fishers and other consumers.
Analysis of the Role and Contribution of Fishermen's Wives to Family Income in Likupang Barat District, North Minahasa Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Grace O. Tambani  , Christian Ronald Dien  , Hanny Welly Mewengkang
Published: February 2024

Lembeh West Likupang District is one of the tourist destinations in North Sulawesi and even in Indonesia. West Likupang District consists of 20 villages and three of them are villages located on the coast that have quite well-known beach tourism potential, namely Bahoi Village, Jayakarsa Village and Bulutui Village. The existence of these three coastal tourist village destinations helps the economy of the people who live in this coastal tourist area. Women's contributions are made to help their husbands earn a living, which in the end is expected to increase family income so that family needs are met. This research is intended to be based on this.

The research aims to identify and analyze the forms of activities of fishermen's wives and forms of independent business apart from being a housewife as well as supporting the family economy in West Likupang District and to analyze how much income fishermen's wives contribute to the income of fishermen's families in West Likupang District.

The research location was in Bahoi Village, Jayakarsa Village, Bulutui Village, West Likupang District and purposive sampling research method was used to carry out the research. The criteria for respondents were being married to a fisherman and living in Bahoi Village, Jayakarsa Village, and Bulutui Village. The number of respondents in each village was 10 people, so there were 30 respondents in total.

The research results show that there are two roles for fishermen's wives in carrying out daily activities, namely, the domestic role and the public role. The contribution of fishermen's wives' income to family income is 42%. This value shows how big a role women play in increasing family income and meeting family needs.
Influence of Administration of Incentive Programs on Employees’ Job Performance at Kenya Seed Company, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya
Authors: Joseph Lutilo  , Dr. Peter Simotwo
Published: February 2024

With the devolution of government services, the realignment of staff and resources will follow the meeting of the objectives of the devolution process. It should be noted that human resources play a critical role in the functioning of both national and county governments. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of the administration of incentive programs on employees' job performance at Kenya Seed Company, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya. This study was guided by Hertzberg's Two-factor Theory. The study adopted a descriptive research design with a target population of 7,300 public service employees. A stratified random sampling technique was utilized with a sample size of 325 respondents determined using Krejcie & Morgan table. The study used structured questionnaires and interview guides as the main data collection tools. The supervisors validated the instruments. The reliability of the instrument was determined through a pilot study. Thereafter, Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0.79 was obtained from the instrument. This indicated that the instrument was reliable. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented in tables, while qualitative data were analyzed according to the themes based on research questions and the objectives and thereafter, inferences and conclusions were drawn. The study concluded that the administration of incentive programs such as recognition as a non-monetary reward, training and development strategies, job engagements, and job enrichment influence employees' job performance at Kenya Seed Company. It was recommended that the policymakers and community should consider the administration of incentive programs such as recognition as a non-monetary reward, training and development strategies, job engagements and job enrichment when working towards improving employees’ job performance at Kenya Seed Company, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya.
Influence of Supply Chain Integration Practices on Operation Performance at Trans-Nzoia County Government Treasury, Kenya
Authors: Peter Ndegwa  , Isaac Abuga  , Peter Simotwo
Published: February 2024

Supply chain integration practices are considered a powerful weapon to gain competitive advantages and linking performance measurement systems to supply chain integration practices can lead to increased success of supply chain initiatives. This study sought to analyze the influence of supply chain integration practices on operation performance at Trans-Nzoia County Government Treasury, Kenya. Porter's Value Chain Theory and Systems Theory guided the study. This study employed a descriptive research design. Data collection involved a diverse group of participants, totalling 1207 individuals, from which a sample size of 121 respondents was determined. Descriptive data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 28, enabling the examination of both quantitative and qualitative information through coding. The research instrument, a five-point Likert scale questionnaire, demonstrated high reliability through its internal consistency, with a Cronbach's Alpha correlation coefficient exceeding 0.7. To assess the data both descriptively and inferentially, statistical techniques, including means, standard deviations, Pearson's correlation, and regression analysis, were employed. The findings highlighted the significant impact of supply chain integration practices, encompassing efficient consumer response practices, customer relationship management practices, vendor-managed inventory practices, and enterprise resource planning practices on operation performance at Trans-Nzoia County Government Treasury. The regression analysis revealed that when considered together, these practices explained 73.4% of the variance in operation performance. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between these supply chain integration practices and operation performance. Based on these insightful findings, the study recommended a more substantial incorporation of supply chain integration practices, particularly in efficient consumer response practices, customer relationship management practices, vendor-managed inventory practices, and enterprise resource planning practices. These implications held value for various stakeholders, including policymakers, government entities, researchers, and academics. By providing actionable insights, this research facilitated informed decision-making, ultimately contributing to the enhanced operation performance at Trans-Nzoia County Government Treasury, Kenya.
Bank Credit and Loan Repayment Rates during COVID-19 in Kabale District, Uganda
Authors: Byamukama Dicky  , Agaba Moses  , Marus Eton
Published: February 2024

The study was to investigate the impact of bank credit on loan repayment rates in the Kabale region using Lyamujungu SACCO as the case study. Loan repayment performance at Lyamujungu SACCO has rapidly declined. This study used a cross-sectional survey method to examine, characterize and compare bank credit and loan repayment in Kabale district, using Lyamujungu SACCO as the case study. The sample size for each subject type was determined using the table of Krejcie and Morgan. Out of 150 samples, a sample of 108 people was selected for the study. The researcher used both purported sampling and simple random sampling to select members/clients of SACCO. Based on the results in the table, the null hypothesis for all three variables is rejected, with a significance level of (p = <.000, p = <.040, and p = <.001). This means that there is evidence that the distribution of mean scores for each of the three variables is not the same depending on the borrower's ability to repay. The study concluded that labor productivity growth decreased and therefore, income decreased, investment decreased and affected the borrower's ability to repay loans during the COVID-19 pandemic in Lyamujungu SACCO.
Effect of Capital Structure on Return on Assets of Kenya Tea Development Agency Tea Manufacturing Factories in Kericho and Bomet Counties, Kenya
Authors: Dr. Penina Chepkorir Langat
Published: February 2024

Capital structure decision is the mix of debt and equity that a company uses to finance its business. This study aimed to investigate the effects of capital structure on KTDA tea processing factories' performance in Kericho and Bomet counties. This study was carried out because it was not clear how capital structure influences the financial performance of tea processing factories. Secondary data were used in the study where the performance measure of return on assets was used as the dependent variable and four capital structure measures (including short–term debt, long-term debt, total debt to total assets, and total debt to total equity) as an independent variable. The study sample was from all the nine tea factories in Region Five of KTDA that had been in operation for more than five years and hence the readiness of Annual Reports for the financial year 2008-2013. The study employed a panel fixed effect regression model to establish the effects of capital structure on the ROA for the tea processing factories. The results indicate that ROA is significantly and positively associated with long-term debt and total debt at 1% and 5%, respectively, while on the other hand, short-term debt shows a negative and significant relationship at 5%. The negative relation between short-term debt and the profitability of tea processing factories means that supplying finance through short-term debts does not lead to profitability. The study recommends that the tea processing factories must consider using an optimal capital structure since it will minimize the cost of capital and, hence, the cost of financing the tea processing operations.
Procurement Practices and Performance of Public Institutions in Turkana County, Kenya
Authors: Zephaniah Kipkogei Bartilol  , Dr. Peter Kamoni  , Dr. Peter Simotwo
Published: February 2024

The success of any institution is majorly determined by the procurement practices adopted and how well they are implemented. Procurement concept has dominated most of the activities in public institutions because of the value attached to the role of procurement in enhancing the overall performance of the institutions; hence, the study seeks to investigate the procurement practices and performance of public institutions in Turkana County, Kenya. This research was pinned on Principal- Agency Theory, Contingency Theory, Stakeholder Theory and Porter Value Chain Analysis Theory. The study utilized a descriptive survey research design. The target population comprised 140 officials in various public entities in Turkana. The study used census techniques to come up with 140 participants as a sample size. Data were descriptively analyzed using means and standard deviations and inferentially by Pearson's correlation and regression analysis to measure strength and direction. Regression results demonstrated that procurement practices (procurement planning, E-procurement practices, sourcing ethics and evaluation practices) all yield statistically significant influence on procurement performance. The Coefficient of Determination or R square stood at (p<0.05; R2= 0.785), which implied that 78.5% of the variation in the procurement performance was explained by variability in the variables under procurement practices (procurement planning, E-procurement practices, sourcing ethics and evaluation practices). The study recommends more pursuit of procurement practices involvement in procurement planning, E-procurement practices, sourcing ethics and evaluation practices. Public institution management, government, researchers and academicians will greatly benefit from this study as it provides viable insights that could guide decisions to serve their interests on the critical subject of enhanced procurement performance.
Cost Strategy on the Performance of Level Four Public Hospitals in Nairobi County, Kenya
Authors: Samuel Achira  , Justice Mutua J.N.
Published: February 2024

Kenya's healthcare sector operates in a highly competitive and challenging environment, necessitating the adoption of effective strategies for sustainable performance. In today's dynamic and competitive landscape, organizations must continually assess their practices and outcomes to enhance their performance. This study sought to explore the effect of the cost leadership strategy on the performance of public Level Four hospitals in Nairobi County. The study employed a descriptive research design and structured questionnaires for data collection. The study revealed that while cost leadership (r= 0.131, p<0.05) exerts a positive influence on hospital performance, its effect remains modest. This modest effect is attributed to the predominant government sponsorship of services and products in these hospitals, with the government shouldering most associated costs typically borne by patients.
Digital Marketing and Performance of Zenith Bank Nigeria PLC
Authors: James Sylvanus Ogbuleka  , Dr. Florence Eguonor Omonzejele
Published: February 2024

The study was carried out to examine the impact of digital marketing on the performance of Zenith Bank Nigeria PLC, from 2013 to 2022. Website marketing and social media marketing were the factors of digital marketing examined in the study that impacted the performance of Zenith Bank Nigeria PLC for the period under review. The study employed the use of multiple regression to test the effects of the independent variables on the dependent variable. The results of the analyses showed that while social media marketing had a significant effect on the performance of Zenith Bank Nigeria, website marketing had no significant effect on the performance of Zenith Bank Nigeria PLC. The results also showed a statistically significant effect of the combined independent variables on the dependent variable. The study concluded that digital marketing has a significant effect, at least in the short run, on the performance of Zenith Bank Nigeria PLC. The study recommended, among others, that Zenith Bank should have well-spelled-out training for not only staff but also customers on the use of digital marketing platforms in carrying out their transactions with the bank.
Employee Work Values Orientation and Job Performance in the Motor Vehicle Industry in Kenya
Authors: Fredrick Olunga Wasike  , Peter K'obonyo  , Florence Muindi
Published: February 2024

The objective of the study was to establish the relationship between employee work values orientation and employee job performance in the motor vehicle industry in Kenya. This relationship was tested using corresponding null hypotheses. The motivation for the study arose from the observation of employee performance challenges that were witnessed in the motor vehicle industry in Kenya. Literature has shown that work values orientation has been associated with employee job performance. Intrinsically oriented employees have been linked to more positive performance outcomes than extrinsically oriented employees. This study was based on the goal content theory, social exchange theory and competence motivation theory. The study had four objectives and four corresponding hypotheses that were tested to approve or disapprove the study predictions. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was used in the study. The study had a population of 2,895 employees, out of which a sample of 351 respondents were randomly chosen for data collection. Data were collected by use of structured questionnaires that were dropped and picked back while others were scanned and emailed back. Data was analyzed using regression models. Test findings showed that work values orientation significantly influences employee job performance. The significant findings implied that all four null hypotheses were rejected, and the study objectives were positively determined. The study outcomes significantly contributed to the theory, policy, and practice of work values orientation and its influence on employee job performance. The limitation of the study comprised respondents' attitudes and subjectivity that may have crept in due to bias in choosing suitable responses. However, the use of structured questionnaires and supervisor responses was meant to corroborate and reduce personal or subjective ways of responding to statements posed. It was also suggested that a further study be done using similar variables on a longitudinal design for generalizability of results. Further, the study recommended that the motor vehicle industry adopts work values orientation, employee commitment and employee competence as joint factors that significantly improve employee job performance.
Contribution of Psychological Support to Risky Behavior Management of Selected High-Learning Institution Students: A Case of Kepler College, Rwanda
Authors: Eugenie Nikuze  , Dr. Ernest Safari
Published: February 2024

The students at universities have many things that affect their mental health, including peer pressure, heavy workload, substance abuse, and relationship management. It is a great job to evaluate the contribution of psychological support that mainly helps these students attain a good level of emotional and social interaction and spiritual and mental stability with their families and the community at large as a tool for risky behavior management. The purpose of the study is to assess how psychological support affects managing risky behavior and mental health in university students. The study emphasizes the need to address elements that have an impact on students' mental health, including peer pressure, a demanding workload, drug misuse, and relationship management. Students are given psychological assistance in controlling risky behavior through the application of the theoretical frameworks of Choice Theory, Behavior Theory, and Cognitive Behavior Theory. The study technique includes a census of 100 people: 97 students from cohort 2019B, a career and alumni affairs coordinator, a school counsellor, and an academic advisor. To classify results, data analysis uses coding and tabulation. The study findings dispel the misconception that college students are mature people who do not need help and show that all of them need psychological treatment. According to the report, institutions should provide young people's mental health care a high priority while they are still developing into adolescents. With a correlation value of 0.285, the study found that obtaining mental help and preserving mental stability had notable beneficial associations. Additionally, there was a positive association between seeking out counselling services and using mental assistance to manage activities, with correlation values of 0.500 (p 0.01) and 0.001 (p 0.001, respectively). With a correlation value of 0.625 (p 0.001), a strong positive relationship, social interactions and emotional support were shown to be related.
Risk-taking, Leadership, Innovation and Networking as Entrepreneurial Competencies of Growth of Micro and Small Enterprises in Nairobi City County in Kenya
Authors: Phynlee Otieno Owino  , Mary Namusonge
Published: February 2024

Micro and small enterprises play a crucial role in the economies of various nations around the world. However, they are constantly threatened by failure and the vast majority do not grow into large corporations. As a result, entrepreneurs are constantly challenged to use assets of skills to succeed in their entrepreneurs' ventures. The research sought to examine the effect of Risk-Taking, Leadership, Innovation and Networking on the growth of micro and Small Enterprises in Nairobi City County. Profit maximization theory, Schumpeter Innovation theory of profit, and Social networking theory served as the foundation for the study. The study employed a descriptive research design on a population of 1552 micro and small enterprises in Nairobi City County, with 318 respondents serving as the sample. Closed-ended, standardized questionnaires were used to collect the data, and descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data collected. The results showed that entrepreneurial competencies (risk-taking, leadership, innovation and networking) of the MSEs/managers (entrepreneurs) have a significant and positive influence on the growth of MSEs in Nairobi City County, thus improving their probabilities of growth. The research thus recommends the MSEs, through their strategic management, to embrace the four entrepreneurial competencies (risk-taking, leadership, innovation and networking) to enhance their growth and gain a competitive edge.
An Assessment of the Influence of Child Labour Activities on Academic Performance, Laikipia County, West Sub-County, Kenya
Authors: Willian Kirwa Kimurgor  , Dr. Peterson Oigara
Published: February 2024

The research study sought to main purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of child labour on academic performance in Kenya, Laikipia County, Laikipia West Sub-County. The study was founded on the following objectives:

To find out how domestic-based child labour activities influence academic performances; to investigate how parental contribution towards child labour influences academic performances,

To examine how livestock activities influence pupils' performance and

To find out how pupils' engagement in armed militia influences academic performance in primary schools in Laikipia West Sub-County.

Literature was reviewed on the concepts of child labour activities, parents' contribution towards child labour, the influences child labour class attendance and suggested ways of mitigating child labour. Based on a theoretical framework, the research was based on the theory of exploitative child labour, as explained by Carol and Swinnerton. This research adopted a descriptive survey design. The target population was 35 public primary schools with an average of about 1750 pupils, 35 head-teachers, 105 BOM and 6 QAOs. The research adopted a sample size of 257 respondents. The research findings were that, on the overall objective, correlation analysis showed that there exists a relationship (r = 0.76, α = 0.05). Pearson's correlation factor on the coefficient of correlation r = 0.76 (76%) indicates that there exists a strong relationship between the two variables. Secondly, the results showed that there exists a strong positive relationship on average (r = 0.53, α = 0.53). Pearson's correlation factor on the coefficient of correlation r = 0.53 (53%) indicates that there exists a strong relationship between the two variables. Thirdly, the correlation analysis was to determine whether parental contribution towards child labour influences academic performance. From the matrix table of inter-correlations, the results indicated that there exists a strong positive relationship beyond average (r = 0.89, α = 0.05). Pearson's correlation factor on the coefficient of correlation r = 0.89 (89%) indicates that there exists a strong relationship between the two variables. Fourthly, correlation analysis was to determine whether the pupil's engagement in armed militia influences academic performance in primary schools. The results showed that there exists a weak positive relationship below average (r = 0.32, α = 0.05). The study recommends that the government, in liaison with the Ministry of Education (MOE), should provide adequate financial resources to help fund education while parents and teachers should work hand in hand to eradicate and minimize any form of pupil child labour.
Assessment of the Influence of Parenting on the Increase of Students’ Suicidal Tendencies in Selected Public Universities in Kenya
Authors: Boss Onyina  , Catherine Kirimi
Published: February 2024

Suicide is one of the leading causes of death globally, with students being the most affected. Parents and relatives play a crucial role in eradicating suicidal thoughts in students. However, less has been done on how parenting contributes to suicidal tendencies in students, hence this study. A social survey that targeted second-year students in public universities was employed. Five universities were selected using the convenience sampling technique, while the purposive sampling technique was employed to select the respondents. Data were then analyzed using SPSS and Microsoft Excel. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and graphs, charts, and tables were generated. The study reported that many parents interacted well with students, with most variables recording above 70%. On the parental level of involvement in students' lives, fewer parents (<36%) were reported to be involved always. On parental availability, a higher percentage (56%) was recorded to be available in their children's lives only when they become aware of suicidal intentions. Even though parents interact with and are involved well in students' lives, their availability when the students experience suicidal thoughts is wanting, hence an increase in completed suicide. Therefore, a strong association between parents and their children is recommended to monitor and identify earlier any unusual change in the behaviour of the students. This information could be useful to policymakers on how to improve mental health in learning institutions.
Who is My Neighbour?: Law and Religion
Authors: Martin Onukwuba  , Paul Obo Idornigie  , I.P. Ekpe  , Pilani Michael Paul
Published: February 2024

The relationship between law and religion has a complex history. This article explores their convergence, divergence, and interdependence, focusing on the law of torts and religious principles. Specifically, the study examines negligence, which involves breaching a duty of care and causing harm. A key question arises: Who should be taken care of? This intersection between law and religion revolves around the concept of a "neighbour." The research employs a purely doctrinal methodology. Findings reveal that religious texts emphasize love, compassion and proximity in defining a neighbour, while the legal perspective emphasizes proximity, foreseeability, and reasonableness, disregarding love and compassion. Ultimately, the article concludes that law and religion demonstrate both convergence and divergence. Even in secular states, contemporary legal traditions still maintain theological roots and practices. Thus, theology continues to influence legal frameworks, highlighting the enduring interdependence between law and religion.
The Role of International Efforts in Combating Cybercrimes
Authors: Hamzah Suleiman Aldoghmi
Published: February 2024

Cybercrimes have become a modern type of crime pattern. They are characterised by the fact that they transcend the borders of states. This led to the direction of the international community to cooperate to confront cybercrimes, as they have a great impact on the national security of states. Therefore, states and international organisations have sought to take joint measures to protect individuals, societies and companies from cybercrimes by concluding international and regional agreements. The most important of these agreements is the Budapest Convention on Combating Cybercrime, the latest of which is the Paris Call for Confidence and Security in Cyberspace. The increase in the use of the internet results in an increase in exposure to the risk of cybercrime. Moreover, the increasing involvement of individuals and organised criminal groups with the internet can harm states, individuals and companies. This invites regional and international organisations to play an important role in concluding international agreements that consolidate international efforts in cybersecurity. However, although there are important international steps in combating cybercrimes, this effort faces several challenges. In addition, the implementation of international agreements approved by states in combating cybercrime is still problematic. Cybercrime is a global challenge, and any effective response requires coordination between the public and private sectors, including law enforcement agencies across many international jurisdictions. This paper discusses the role of international efforts in combating cybercrime in terms of international legal instruments and the role of international organisations in this context. The paper also presents the most important challenges facing the enforcement of these efforts to achieve international co-operation in confronting this type of emerging crime. The paper uses descriptive and interpretive approaches with analytical methods. It concludes with several recommendations for ways to improve international efforts in combating cybercrimes, including the establishment of an international system for responsibility sharing among states to combat cybercrimes.
The Role of Man on Land Cover Dynamics in the Jakiri Area, N.W. Region of Cameroon
Authors: Nkwemoh Clement Anguh  , Wirsir Destain Yungsi
Published: February 2024

The Jakiri Plateau is an epitome of sub-Saharan agglomerations where man has had an untold impact on the land cover dynamics. This research thus stood to decipher and view in detail the role of man in determining landcover change. The study relies on the collection of data from secondary and primary sources. Questionnaires were administered to 310 Farmers and 84 Pastoralists in 17 villages. Information from Focus Group Discussions and Interviews was beefed up with facts based on measurements and Observations from the Field. The Topographic Map of Nkambe NB32XVII, at the scale: 1:200 000, was exploited. Data from satellite images were derived using the Multi-Spectral Scanner (MSS), Thematic Mapper (TM), and Enhanced Thematic Mapper plus (ETM +). ASTER images for 2007 were used. Data were treated with the use of SPSS, ArcGIS and ERDAS IMAGINE software. The study reveals that anthropogenic actions are predominant in degradation; meanwhile, physical factors only contribute to the degradation process that rendered the Jakiri plateau susceptible to soil erosion and mass movement. The Normalized Different Vegetation Index (NDVI) revealed a decrease in NDVI values from +0.92 in 1988, +0.74 in 2001 and +0.5 in 2020, showing a vegetation decrease. Meanwhile, the Land Cover Classification revealed a change in forest/land cover, from 24.4% in 1988 to 9.83% in 2020, with a decrease in forest cover of 14.5%. On the contrary, built-up areas, grassland (savannah) and bare surfaces have witnessed an increase in land cover classes from 34.4%, 10%, and 31.2% in 1988 to 37.7%, 14%, and 38% in 2020, respectively. Our study equally identified population pressure, deforestation, rudimentary agricultural activities, overgrazing and forest exploitation Practices that transformed the landscape of Jakiri. The solutions that have been proposed focus on landscape restoration through improved farming systems such as agroforestry and also the application of certain technical methods. The proposed solutions are those that will take care of the needs of the present generation without jeopardizing that of the future generation.
Analysis of the Performance of Drip Irrigation System for Okra Production Using Wastewater at Zagyuri in Sagnerigu Municipal in the Northern Region of Ghana
Authors: Abdul Latif Husein Alhassan  , Nicholas Kyei-Baffour
Published: February 2024

In this study, a field evaluation was performed for the drip irrigation system. The results indicate that the average Christiansen's coefficient of uniformity (CU) for the drip up-stream of the plot system had a coefficient of uniformity (CU) value of 97.0% while the drip mid-stream was next with 96.0% and the least was the drip down-stream of 76.0% of (CU). Hence, the systems performed well. The average soil infiltration rate observed was 160.25 mm/ h. The crop water productivity of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) grown under drip irrigation was determined as 22.31 kg/m3 for the mid-stream, followed by 21.98 kg/m3 for the up-stream and down-stream was the least of 16.48 kg/m3.