bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sex and Birth Control in West Germany
Authors: O’Sullivan Michael E.
Published: November 2021

Pius XII’s Addresses to the Catholic Union of Midwives on October 29, 1951 and the National Congress of the Family Front and the Association of Large Families on November 27, 1951 were a pivotal moment in the history of sexuality in the Catholic Church because the pope permitted the use of the rhythm method for the purposes of family planning. They occurred at a moment of transition between Pius XI’s condemnation of contraception and abortion in 1930 and Paul VI’s denunciation of the birth control pill in 1968. This essay argues that these two speeches require greater scholarly attention and that West Germany represents a compelling case study for their reception. Other scholars document well the importance of Germany to the life and papacy of Pius XII, but little light has been shed on how Central European Catholics responded to his views about sex. In a fresh reading of the papal intervention, this essay suggests that the speeches only endorsed practices that had been common since the 1930s. In the midst of changing norms about sex and increased access to birth control as well as anxiety about rapid social change, Pius XII’s attempt at conciliation was significant but ultimately failed.
La „Chronica Danielis“: il Barbarossa, i della Torre e la battaglia di Desio (1277)
Authors: Galbiati Roberto
Published: November 2021

The „Chronica Danielis“ is a fantastical chronicle dedicated to the mythical Inglexio family, purported to have ruled Milan from the 7th to the 12th centuries. According to this legend, the emperor Frederick I was responsible for the family’s demise: when he destroyed Milan with the help of some Milanese traitors in 1145 (sic!), he either killed the last members of the Inglexio family or deported them to Germany. Jörg W. Busch has proved that the legend of the Inglexio was written during the rule of the della Torre family (1259–1277) to legitimise their power in Milan. The hypothesis is correct, but the „Cronica Federici primi“ – the third part of the text – is not a work of propaganda. On the contrary, it is a fictional reconstruction of the end of the della Torre family’s power after their defeat at Desio in 1277. Specifically, this article analyses the „Cronica Federici primi“ and provides a new edition of the text.
Wer ist Fra Dolcino?
Authors: Spadaccini Michele
Published: November 2021

This paper investigates the image of the heretic fra’ Dolcino as presented in both medieval documentary sources and modern literature. Using a wide range of documentary and literary sources, at least two images of fra’ Dolcino can be outlined: the first is the ‚sharply defined‘ image of the legendary figure featuring in literary texts such as the „Divine Comedy“ by Dante Alighieri or „The Name of the Rose“ by Umberto Eco. The second, which emerges from historical documents, is the ‚blurred‘ image of Dolcino from Novara, the leader of a heretical sect that prospered between the 13th and the 14th centuries. This paper offers a study of the events linked to the figure of fra’ Dolcino and to his group of heretics, considering both the historical perspective and the quality of the information conveyed by literary and documentary sources.
Imperium und Gesundheit
Authors: Parodi Alessandra
Published: November 2021

Libya was a special Italian colony. It was geographically close to Italy and had a similar climate; moreover, it had been part of the Roman Empire, a feature that was equally stressed in the colonial ideology of the liberal and Fascist eras. The aim of this study is to illustrate the role of Italian colonial medicine in Libya from 1911–1912 to the Fascist period. Continuities, resemblances and differences, and the meaning ascribed to the „health“ of the colonizers and the colonized, are investigated using publications by doctors and political writers.
Neue Perspektiven auf die questione meridionale
Authors: Carbone Antonio
Published: November 2021

Starting from the determination that the questione meridionale – the southern Italian question – has lost its former centrality in the Italian debate, this article suggests new avenues of research and gives an example of the results that such perspectives can provide. The first section of the article outlines some key positions in the political and historiographical debate on the questione meridionale and identifies the reasons underlying the decline of interest in the history of Italy’s North-South divide in recent years. Based on this analysis, the second part presents new potential prospects for research on the history of Southern Italy, principally by connecting it to recent scholarship in global and international history. The final section of the article applies the proposed research methodology to the specific instance of the Centro studi sullo sviluppo economico, a research centre founded in the mid-1950s to disseminate the Southern Italian economic development model in the Mediterranean and Latin America. The analysis of the history of the Centro studi, born out of a collaboration between the Italian Svimez and the American Ford Foundation, illustrates the ambiguity of the relationship between Italian and American development economists and the way in which the knowledge acquired through economic intervention in Southern Italy became a tool to foster contacts between Italy and other ‚southern‘ countries.
Offenheit für unterschiedliche Formungen der Erkenntnis
Authors: Krahn Carolin , Trabant Jürgen
Published: November 2021

Multilingualism is of central importance for the human experience of alterity in culture and scholarship. In this discussion, Carolin Krahn and Jürgen Trabant explore the challenges and benefits of multilingualism in academia, especially in the humanities. The dominance of the English language in global academic life is addressed, as are the Bologna reform and the role of international research institutes such as the German Historical Institute. The dialogue illustrates the importance of language for intellectual life, addressing further topics ranging from Wilhelm von Humboldt and the city of Rome to the relationship between music and language and the question of European identity.
Contralesional plasticity following constraint-induced movement therapy benefits outcome: contributions of the intact hemisphere to functional recovery
Authors: Kerr Abigail L.
Published: November 2021

Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. A common, chronic deficit after stroke is upper limb impairment, which can be exacerbated by compensatory use of the nonparetic limb. Resulting in learned nonuse of the paretic limb, compensatory reliance on the nonparetic limb can be discouraged with constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT). CIMT is a rehabilitative strategy that may promote functional recovery of the paretic limb in both acute and chronic stroke patients through intensive practice of the paretic limb combined with binding, or otherwise preventing activation of, the nonparetic limb during daily living exercises. The neural mechanisms that support CIMT have been described in the lesioned hemisphere, but there is a less thorough understanding of the contralesional changes that support improved functional outcome following CIMT. Using both human and non-human animal studies, the current review explores the role of the contralesional hemisphere in functional recovery of stroke as it relates to CIMT. Current findings point to a need for a better understanding of the functional significance of contralesional changes, which may be determined by lesion size, location, and severity as well stroke chronicity.
Was sagt uns ein Gesetz?
Authors: Seibert Thomas-Michael
Published: November 2021

What kind of rhetoric does a statute present? In the following essay, you will find, after the introduction (1.), the answer in studying interpretants (2.). When you look at written law, you find at least four different types: the academic Roman today antecedent (3.a), the modern blanket clause of the police (3.b), the constitutional clauses which date from the same time (3.c), and finally the last post-modern product as a type of rule which determines the legal form itself (3.d). With tables of measures, figures, and clauses of discretion, it attempts to suppress the disturbance of interpretants (4.).
The Evolutionary Force of Behavioral Economics in Law
Authors: Levmore Saul
Published: November 2021

This paper explores the interaction, rather than the competition, among incentivist (or rationalist), behavioral, and evolutionary explanations of legal rules and approaches to problems of public policy. It suggests that behavioral economics can play an important role in influencing people where an incentive-based approach to affecting behavior was tried first and failed on a subset of the targeted group. The discussion ranges across examples including savings rates, the performance of educational institutions, health care, rescue, and even university admissions to explore a range of behavioral tools, with a focus on endowment effects and N-of-1 thinking, in order to bring out the clash among – and the teamwork that is possible with – these three approaches.
Menschen zu sein...
Authors: Kiklewicz Aleksander , Mazurkiewicz-Sułkowska Julia , Pociechina Helena
Published: November 2021

This essay focuses on the sociocultural and semiotic aspects of the discourse of protests sparked by the rigged presidential election in Belarus, in August 2020. The mass demonstrations, using symbolic items (such as posters, slogans, exclamation marks, performances, posts in the social networks on the Internet, etc.) have been analyzed as a type of social discourse. The focus is on the peculiarity and the most distinctive features of the protest movement in Belarus. In particular, the following socio-political and cultural characteristics of Belarusian protest discourses are considered: 1) rejecting stereotypes (especially the tolerance stereotype, blr. pamjarkoŭnas’c’); 2) Belarusian protest tradition; 3) historical and geopolitical factors of the Belarusian protest movement; 4) the discursive systems; 5) the carnival. The emphasis is on linguistic forms of creativity, especially the protest slogans. In addition, the extensive scientific literature addressing such discourses is discussed.
Adam Naruszewiczs Oda do sprawiedliwości im Kontext des politischen Denkens und der Gelegenheitsdichtung der Aufklärung
Authors: Jekutsch Ulrike
Published: November 2021

The article discusses Adam Naruszewicz‘s famous Ode to Justice (1773) and the engagement of occasional poetry in contemporary discussions about the handling of justice in political trials. Looking at the trial of 1773 the Ode addresses the question of finding a just sentence for the abortive attempt two years earlier to abduct king Stanisław August. The article presents the pertinent aspects for such an analysis in three parts: 1) an introduction to the conceptualization of royal justice in European thought of the Enlightenment, 2) the known facts about the abduction and its historical contexts, 3) an overview of the occasional poetry written by Naruszewicz about the incident from 1771 to 1773 leading to an analysis of the Ode to Justice in regard to the political reasoning of its author.
Der Religionsdisput in Feofan ProkopovyčsVladimir
Authors: P. Franz Norbert
Published: November 2021

Usually Feofan Prokopovyč’stragedokomedija Vladimiris considered an early example of the author’s ecclesiastical reform concerns, which he realized in the Russian Empire from 1716 onwards. However, a detailed analysis of the religious dispute, which is at the center of the play, and its literary sources gives rise to a more biographical reading, according to which the young author recommended himself to the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy for his work as a professor in rhetoric. He, the former supporter of the Union, emphasizes the Greek roots of Eastern Christianity and presents himself as a loyal representative of Moscow-orientated Orthodoxy. There is no evidence that he disagreed with Hetman Mazepa on the political position of Ukraine at the time.
A New Interpretation of the Expression in the Tale of
Two Brothers
Authors: Orriols-Llonch Marc
Published: November 2021

In the tale of Two Brothers, when Bata tells his brother Inpu the whole truth about what happened with his wife, he insults her by calling her , a hapax that has been interpreted in many ways. F. Servajean has proposed to translate the expression by vagin perturbé and associates this “perturbation” with menstruation. The translation is totally adequate, but, given the context in which it is found, it does not seem right to associate it with menstruation. Bata insults the wife of his brother because she has tried to be unfaithful, so it seems more consistent that the “perturbation” of the vagina is due to an act of adultery rather than because of the woman’s menstruation.
Ägyptologiegeschichte digital
Authors: Hermes-Wladarsch Maria
Published: November 2021

Adolf Erman is one of the founders of modern Egyptology. His life and achievements are deeply connected with the changes in this field, which starting as a romanticized activity and turned into a modern discpline. His extensive correspondence is as important for the history of Egyptology as it is for the general history of science. Because of family connections, Adolf Erman’s estate was almost completely bequeathed to the Bremen State and University Library. Between 2019 and 2021, the whole estate has been described and digitized in a project funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG). The paper describes the estate, its digitization and the range of its possible usage.
Archive Archaeology: Preserving and Sharing Palmyra's Cultural Heritage through Harald Ingholt's Digital Archives. A case study in the accessibility and potential of archives
Authors: Miranda Amy , Raja Rubina
Published: November 2021

Despite growing focus, archives remain under-utilised in archaeology and cultural heritage research. Regrettably, COVID-19 exacerbated archive inaccessibility, as researchers were largely cut off from physical resources, thereby underlining the need to develop best practice scenarios. Here we present a case study that demonstrates the potential of archives when made freely available.
Negros y mulatos libres del Golfo y el Pacífico en las fronteras de la independencia de México (1767–1810)
Authors: de León Antonio García
Published: November 2021

La participación en la guerra de independencia de México de “negros”, “mulatos” y otras denominaciones de los descendientes de quienes fueron traídos a la Nueva España como esclavos desde el África subsahariana ha sido considerablemente relegada por la historia oficial posterior. Tal abandono historiográfico se debió a una exclusión surgida desde la época fundacional de la nación. En primera instancia, la perspectiva criolla presentaba una evocación romántica del pasado prehispánico y los aportes de la cultura peninsular y católica. En segunda instancia, el mito del mestizaje, que manifestaba que los mexicanos son el resultado prístino y gradual de una mezcla exclusiva entre “indios” y “españoles”, dio origen a la “raza cósmica”. Por otro lado, la participación de los “afrodescendientes” en la guerra de independencia también ha sufrido un tratamiento parcial y al margen de la realidad social al presentarlos como una comunidad identitaria aparte o los portadores de una supuesta conciencia racial reivindicativa y exclusiva. Desde una perspectiva matizada, este artículo muestra como negros y mulatos experimentaron identidades ambivalentes. Por una parte, estuvieron insertos en diversas identidades de las estructuras de antiguo régimen –por ejemplo, corporaciones y estamentos–. Por otra parte, tales identidades se usaban con una gran ductilidad y flexibilidad en el contexto novohispano. Este ensayo abunda en la complejidad de tales identidades en las que se vieron involucrados los negros y mulatos, o los “morenos” y “pardos”, desde su incorporación a los ejércitos hispanos hasta su participación en la revolución de independencia. De forma concreta, muestra que negros y mulatos formaron parte tanto de las fuerzas realistas como de las insurgentes en las regiones del Golfo y Pacífico durante el período 1767–1810.
Breaking New Spain, 1808–21
Authors: Tutino John
Published: November 2021

In 1800, New Spain was the richest region of the Americas, socially diverse, deeply unequal, stabilized by a regime of judicial mediation. The Iguala movement, led by Agustín de Iturbide, in 1821 severed the tie between Spain and New Spain, the bond that had long sustained the power of the Spanish Empire. But the Mexico proclaimed in 1821 came out of years of revolution. The break began when Napoleon invaded Spain in 1808, setting off debates about sovereignty in Mexico City, leading to military a coup that kept silver flowing to Spain. Two years of political debates and social predations led to the 1810 Hidalgo revolt. Attacks on property and trade broke silver capitalism by 1812, when the Cádiz Constitution promised liberal rights to back armed powers in Spain and New Spain. Insurgents fought on, making new communities and breaking oligarchic families while women challenged patriarchy. New Spain was gone in 1821, when military commanders and struggling oligarchs claimed independence. This essay offers a synthesis of the pivotal transformations—underway from 1808—that made the break with Spain possible, perhaps inevitable—and made the construction of the Mexico envisioned in Iguala impossible.
El espíritu liberal: el Congreso por la Libertad de la Cultura en México
Authors: Carrasco Daniel Kent
Published: November 2021

El artículo analiza la historia del Congreso por la Libertad de la Cultura (CLC) en México durante las décadas de 1950 y 1960. En base al análisis documentos localizados en los archivos de la International Association for Cultural Freedom, el ensayo plantea que el CLC contribuyó a cimentar la aceptación de un “espíritu liberal” –definido por ideales antiestatistas, “postideológicos” y antiutópicos– entre las élites intelectuales del México de la temprana Guerra Fría. Un argumento central del texto es que, a través de su promoción de este ideal, el CLC jugó un papel central en la conformación de las coordenadas del debate público en torno a las ideas de democracia, el autoritarismo y el comunismo durante las últimas décadas del siglo XX en México.
When Opposites Attract
Authors: Bruhn Kathleen
Published: November 2021

Pre-electoral coalitions form across a variety of political contexts. Prevailing explanations suggest that ideological proximity between coalition partners and the size of the contribution that parties make explain the character of coalitions. These expectations hold only partially true in the case of Mexico. Rather, as this article suggests, parties also evaluate the degree to which they consider prospective coalition partners reliable and trustworthy. Some otherwise viable coalitions fail to form because of lack of trust or form despite ideological disparities, when a party’s contribution to defeating a common enemy is considered.
Synthesis and characterization of nano-fibrillated cellulose derived from green Agave americana L. fiber
Authors: Krishnadev Paladugu , Subramanian Kizhaeral S. , Janavi Gnanaguru Janaki , Ganapathy Shanmugam , Lakshmanan Arunachalam
Published: November 2021

Excessive exploitation of petroleum-based plastics and synthetic fibers is harming the environment. This study isolated nano-fibrillated cellulose (NFC) from plant fiber (Agave americana). The as-extracted Agave fibers were chemically treated (alkali, bleaching, and acid hydrolysis coupled with ultrasonication). Functional and structural analysis were performed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The surface morphological changes and thermal decomposition behavior were studied by scanning electron microscopy and by thermogravimetry and derivative thermogravimetry, respectively. Fourier-transform infrared peaks confirmed the absence of lignin and hemicellulose in the NFC samples. X-ray diffraction data revealed that the crystallinity index increased from 50.1% to 64.1% from the raw fiber to the NFC. Thermogravimetry and derivative thermogravimetry showed that the stability increased notably from the raw fiber to the NFC stage. The average particle size was 18.2 nm ± 10.14 nm in the NFC sample, which was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy.
Approaches to organize the econetwork of the Transnistria region in the conditions of urban landscape
Authors: Hudzevych Anatoliy V. , Nikitchenko Lilia O. , Hudzevych Ludmila S. , Bronnikova Lina F. , Demets Renata O.
Published: November 2021

The article focuses on the relevant topic of the development of the ecosystem consisting integral landscape formations of biocentric-network type, which has been done in many countries of Europe since the 1990s. The article emphasizes certain achievements of independent Ukraine regarding the methodological developments of the concept of ecosystem, first of all at the national and regional levels and also the low level of its introduction at the local level. In the process of performing (based on studying foreign and domestic experiences) the scientific study of development and perspectives of the development of local ecosystem of a residential area as a basis for the regional ecosystem in the conditions of Yampil city of Vinnytsia Oblast, we determined its extremely high biotic and landscape diversities, and also the threats of its significant transformation. As an important step to prevent negative influence of agrarian activity of inhabitants of Yampil on the environment with restoration of diversity it is characteristic of, we considered the development of the city`s ecosystem. The scientific substantiations made by applications of tools became the basis for the development of local ecosystem. In the developed scheme “Local ecosystem of Yampil city”, we indicated the structural elements of the ecosystem, their localization, toponyms, made corresponding indications on the map and provided all its elements with descriptions. The key and connective territories of the local ecosystem of Yampil city are compartmentalized based on the adopted criteria of the selection. Their internal structures that we characterized in details allowed us to assess the special roles of the key and connective territories in the preservation of biodiversity, landscape basics of the formation and further development of Yampil city. The territories of the city which were not included in the local elements of the ecosystem are considered restorative and buffer territories within the local and regional ecological networks. The suggested scheme of the local econetwork is basic concerning the implementation of the following stages of the development of the ecosystem by composing schemes at the regional and general national levels and is the main condition for the balanced development of the Transnistria region. We obtained the results so as to preserve and effectively use the biotic and landscape diversities combined with non exhaustive use of natural resources, which is the main goal of contemporary nature use, ecological safety and nature protection. The recommendations were developed for the use of nature-protection and administrative bodies in decision making and any kind (land use, nature protection, ecological, etc) of studies.
The discovery of structural elements and zones of hydrothermal alterations by using ASTER satellite data in the margins of Gadabay and Murovdag ore districts (Lesser Caucasus, Azerbaijan)
Authors: Mansurov Mamoy I. , Imamverdiyev Nazim A. , Karimov Vagif M. , Ganbarova Eyzangul F. , Damirov Turgay J. , Mursalov Samir S. , Pashayev Namet V.
Published: November 2021

The article considers the discovery of structural elements, zones of hydrothermal alterations and mineralization in the margins of Gadabay and Murovdag regions and the study of prospective areas for mineralization characterized by them by using ASTER satellite data. The main purpose of the research is the definition of the lithological composition of rocks, ring and linear structures and zones of hydrothermal alterations with the help of remote-sensing methods and by better technological development of special radiometric data. In order to detect the lithological composition of associated rocks of alteration zone of endogenous ores, 14 channel data of ASTER has been used. By using stereoscopic images obtained from ASTER data, it was determined that hydrothermal alterations are mainly represented by alunitization, kaolinization, sericitization, silication, pyropilitization and silification in the studied ore regions. These changes were shown to be characteristic for copper-porphyry, gold- copper pyrite, copper-polymetal and gold-copper-porphyry deposits. Strip ratios, principal component analysis (PCA), minimum of noise fraction (MNF) and selection method for least squares (LS) have been used to map hydrothermal alteration zones. The ring structures detected in the area, different fault fractures and lineaments are assessed as favourable geological structural factors for alteration and mineralization. The results obtained by ASTER image analysis confirm the presence of derivative minerals which are considered to be the product of hydrothermal alterations which are densely concentrated (kalium spathization, kaolinization, serictization, pyrophyllitization, alunitization) has been confirmed. The points each with private coordinates have been determined (defined) within separate areas with the help of remote data and relevant anomalous maps prepared. These points are considered favourable geological condition in terms of the type and intensity of hydrothermal alterations in the area. Such areas are considered a sign of indirect search significant for the detection of copper-polymetallic, copper-porphyry, copper-pyrite and gold-pyrite type of mineralization with epithermal origin in the region.
Conditions of localization and patterns of distribution of gold-poly-metal mineralization of the Dagkesaman deposits (Lesser Caucasus, Azerbaijan)
Authors: Mansurov Mamoy I. , Kerimli Ulker I. , Guseynov Azer I.
Published: November 2021

We studied the structural-morphological types and mineral composition of ore bodies, stages of ore development and conditions of development of the deposits. The research revealed significant elements of the corresponding conditions of localization of gold-polymetallic mineralization, the most characteristic being albitophyre subvolcanic bodies and steeply-dipping damages related to them. According to the structural-morphologic peculiarities, the ore bodies should be united under three categories: 1) simple vein; 2) complex vein; 3) veinlet-impregnation types. The positions of gold ore bodies and their morphological peculiarities were found to be determined by structural factors. Presence of small ruptures, differently-oriented systems of fractures and faults, which run across the area, gentle curves of these systems and other structural elements –all of this promotes gold ore development. There research determined aureoles of ore-containing altered rocks (serialization, chloritization, kaolization and calcinations, and limonitization from hypergenical zones) and presence of zonal structure. Gold-productive areas were identified as the quartz-pyrite association with disperse gold, and especially, the second mineral association where there is a notable close paragenetic connection between noticeable gold and chalcopyrite-galena parageneis of polymetallic stage. In the process of ore development, the physical-chemical conditions have presumably changed from average deep (quartz-pyrite-sericite) to shallow (quartz-galena- sphalerite-gold ore) and close-to-the-surface (quartz-chalcocite-hematite). Gold that occurs with all the mentioned minerals of this stage has developed in the temperature interval of 220–160 °C. The study found the ores to be complex, containing the following dditional elements: Fe, Cu, S, Bi, Zn, Pb, As, Se, Te. The main fossil component is gold. Industrially valuable are also cadmium, zink, copper and silver, found in the ores. We found the following morphological types of grains of native gold: homogenous, zonal, mono-granular, spotted, which are of great significance for concluding on genesis of the deposits, prognoses, explorations and assessments.
Rendimiento e inclusión de ensilaje de avena forrajera (Avena sativa L.) AV25 en dietas para ganado lechero (Bos primigenius Taurus)
Authors: Campuzano-Duque Luis Fernando , Castro-Rincón Edwin , Castillo-Sierra Javier , Torres-Cuesta Daniel , Nieto-Sierra David , Portillo-López Paola
Published: November 2021

Introducción. Utilizar ensilaje de avena forrajera (Avena sativa L.) en la ganadería de leche en épocas deficitarias de alimento, permite mitigar pérdidas de biomasa por sequía en el trópico alto colombiano. Objetivos. 1) Determinar el rendimiento en materia seca (RMS) de cinco genotipos de avena forrajera y la estabilidad fenotípica y la calidad bromatológica de su ensilaje, y 2) evaluar la inclusión de ensilaje del genotipo AV25-T en dietas para ganado lechero. Materiales y métodos. Se realizaron en el trópico alto colombiano dos experimentos: 1) prueba de evaluación agronómica (octubre de 2016 a febrero de 2017) en un diseño de bloques completos al azar con cinco genotipos, ocho localidades y cuatro repeticiones; se determinó el rendimiento en materia seca (RMS) y en ensilaje los contenidos de proteína, fibra en detergente neutro (FDN) y nutrientes totales digestibles (NTD) y 2) estudio de respuesta animal (enero 2018) con la inclusión del genotipo AV25-T en dietas, en un diseño Crossover simple con dos factores: animal (5) y dietas (3); las dietas fueron: D1: solo pradera; D2: 35 % de ensilaje AV25-T + pastoreo y D3: 65 % de ensilaje AV25-T + pastoreo. Se determinó en la leche la producción, la proteína, la grasa y los sólidos totales, y en el animal el cambio de peso. Resultados. AV25-T presentó adaptación con el mayor RMS. La inclusión de ensilaje de AV25-T en la dieta animal, mostró un cambio significativo en el peso del animal (0,1 y 0,25 kg con D2 y D3), el rendimiento de leche (27,2 - 29,7 L/vaca/día con D3 y D2) y el contenido de grasa (3,2 - 3,9 % con D3 y D2), sin detrimento en proteína y sólidos totales. Conclusión. El uso del ensilaje de avena forrajera AV25-T permitió en vacas lecheras Holstein incrementos en el peso animal, el rendimiento de leche y el contenido grasa sin afectar la proteína y los sólidos totales.
Sykepleievitenskap ved universitet i Bergen opkomst 1979 – og afviklet 2019/2020.
Authors: Petersen Karin Anna
Published: November 2021

Abstract:

Artiklen præsenterer descriptivt oprettelse og nedlægglese af faget Sykepleievitenskap ved universitet i Bergen (UIB). Sykepleievitenskap konstituerede 1979 med et professorat i Bergen, det første i Norden, og institutt for højere sykepleirutdanning oprettedes. UIB er det eneste sted sykeplejersker på Vestlandet har haft mulighed for at blive skolet i grundvidenskaplige teorier, begreber og metoder og aflægge eksamen på master- og ph.d niveau i studier om sykepleie. UIB har 2019 nedlagt studietilbudet. Efter en lang planlæggelse og oprettelsesproces siden 1960’årerne, begyndte nedlæggelse gradvis i 2003, da Sykepleievitenskap gik fra at være et autonomt fag md en egen logik til at blive en studieretning, og fra at organiseringen var på et eget institut som forvandles til en seksjon, senere faggruppe- (sykepleievitenskap) og forskninggrupper, og til sidst helt at forsvinde når instituttet forvandler organisering af helsefag i fagområder (flere helsefag undtagen sykepleievitenskap og fysioterapivitenskap) og etablerer undervisningsgrupper (pluralis for flere fag). Sykepleievitenskap gik fra hovedfag, til mastergrad i helsefag med studieretning sykepleievitenskap til at ophøre helt som fag ved UIB. Og en ny grad: Master i helse og samfunn – oprettes - ordet vitenskap er fjernet fra titlen (man fastholder 3 studieretninger: genetisk, yrkeshygiejne, Ulike perspektiv på sentrale helseutfordringar), ligesom Manuel terapi fortsat findes ved institutionen. (tabell 1). De studieretninger som understøtter den dominante majorprofession medicin opretholdes og udvikles, mens de to studieretninger, sykepleievitenskap 1978/1979 og fysioterapivitenskap 1991, som etableredes som autonome fag med egne logikker, og fik institutionel tilknytning for sygepleje først til samfundsvidenskab og medicin, siden alene til det medicinske fakultet, afvikles og absentreres.
Influencia de las emociones en el aprendizaje de la lengua inglesa: análisis de las distintas destrezas lingüísticas
Authors: López-Pérez Magdalena , Retamar Guadalupe de la Maya
Published: November 2021

Los estudios publicados sobre las emociones que experimentan los alumnos en el aprendizaje del inglés como lengua extranjera se han centrado en analizar las emociones que sienten y cómo estas inciden en su proceso de aprendizaje. Sin embargo, la relación entre las diferentes destrezas lingüísticas y las emociones que despiertan en el alumnado ha sido poco analizada. En este artículo pretendemos explorar cuáles son las emociones de los aprendices de EFL cuando realizan actividades de comprensión y producción de textos orales y escritos. Para ello, hemos pasado el cuestionario EFL Skills Emotions Scale (Pishghadam et al., 2016), a un total de 217 estudiantes de la Universidad de Extremadura. Los resultados muestran que las emociones más experimentadas son la diversión para las competencias de listening y reading, la ansiedad para el speaking y la esperanza en relación con el writing, siendo la ira la emoción menos presente en las cuatro destrezas. Tras la discusión de los resultados obtenidos, se presentan algunas implicaciones para la enseñanza, así como se diseñan futuras líneas de investigación.
Proposta de dicionário das ciências do léxico com base nas publicações dos membros do gtlex/anpoll
Authors: Silva Fernando Moreno da , Bevilacqua Cleci Regina
Published: November 2021

Nos estudos linguísticos, é comum chamar de “Ciências do Léxico” o conjunto de disciplinas (notadamente Lexicologia, Lexicografia e Terminologia) que se ocupam do estudo das unidades lexicais da língua. Com o objetivo de organizar a terminologia dessa área do conhecimento, este artigo apresenta uma proposta de construção de um Dicionário das Ciências do Léxico. A pesquisa foi baseada na Linguística de Corpus (Berber Sardinha, 2004) e nos postulados da Teoria Comunicativa da Terminologia (Cabré, 1999). O corpus foi constituído pela produção (artigos, livros, teses e dissertações) dos 50 membros efetivos do GTLex da ANPOLL, publicada entre os anos de 2000 e 2018 e disponível on-line. Ao final do levantamento, com um corpus constituído de 580 arquivos (com mais de sete milhões de tokens, contendo 526 artigos, 27 livros, 19 teses, 5 dissertações e 3 dossiês de periódicos), chegou-se a uma nomenclatura provisória de 717 termos. A nomenclatura apresentou cerca de 60% de termos complexos, confirmando a tendência da formação sintagmática nas terminologias por conta da especificação cada vez maior do conhecimento.
Evaluation of the relationship between the mastoid process and some anthropometric points on the skull and facial reconstruction
Authors: TUNCEL ÇİNİ Nilgün , IŞIKLAR Sefa , ARI İlknur , GÖKALP Gökhan
Published: November 2021

Aim: Facial reconstruction is a method that estimates the face shape of the unidentified person using clay and similar material in cases where only the skull is present. Due to natural events and animals, the integrity of the skeletal remains can be disrupted and this makes identification hard. The aim of the study is to estimate the skull shape by reference to the mastoid process in case of fragmentation of the skull at the scene.
Material and Methods: In the study, computerized tomography images of a total of 96 individuals of 51 women and 45 men which were obtained from xxx University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, were used. The variables determined in the images taken in the Frankfurt Horizontal plan were measured using the Image J program. Statistics of the data obtained were carried out using SPSS 22.0 program.
Results: The descriptive values of the variables were given. Correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between the variables. Regression formulas were developed to predict missing parts if the integrity of the skull was compromised in facial reconstruction.
Conclusion: In this study we tried to evaluate the facial reconstruction from a different point of view. We believe this study set an example for future studies and help the forensic sciences.
Preventing Paediatric Scalds: A 5 Year Descriptive Analysis, Do We Need to Change Our Approach?
Authors: N Saghir , J Stallard , R Saghir , A Phipps , U Anwa , P Muthayya
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Scald injuries are the most common type of thermal injury in the paediatric population [1]. Despite domestic accidental scalds being so common, there is limited awareness of the frequency and severity of these injuries. Awareness of trends in paediatric scalds including age, mechanism of injury and first aid would help guide future allocations of funding for burns prevention and first aid treatment in the paediatric cohort.
Achieving Immunization Equity in a Pandemic
Authors: LYS Terence , CY Khoo
Published: November 2021

In the presence of a rapidly progressing pandemic, rapid mitigating measures must be taken to curb further spread of disease. One such measure is the development of vaccines targeted at the disease of interest to induce immunity, preventing further disease transmission. Immunization is the process of rendering an individual immune to a disease, usually via the act of inoculation, or vaccination. Vaccinations provide both direct protection (to immunized individuals) as well as indirect protection (via herd immunity). While essential in the resolution of any pandemic, the “me first” mentality will result in inequitable distribution of vaccines amongst countries and regions. This vast disparity in vaccine distribution will result in far greater global mortality, and measures must be put in place to ensure equitable vaccines allocation.
Queen Victoria at the Pictures
Authors: Brooker Jeremy , Dixon Bryony , Plunkett John
Published: November 2021

Queen Victoria was enthusiastically taken up by the shows, exhibitions, and lectures that blossomed in the nineteenth century. This collaborative article demonstrates the way Victoria’s life and reign was embraced by the moving-image and projected-image formats that proliferated during the period, particularly touring panoramas, magic lantern shows, and early film. Victoria and Albert were themselves intermittent visitors to these new pictorial shows in London, while, across both nation and empire, local communities were able to participate in key royal events thanks to their replaying and broadcasting by media such as the magic lantern and early film.
Differences in Rent Growth by Income 1985-2019 and Implications for Real Income Inequality
Authors: Larsen Daryl , Molloy Raven
Published: November 2021

Large and growing income differentials in the US have generated a mounting interest in income inequality among economists. The average income in the highest quintile of households increased by about 70 percent in real terms from 1985 to 2019, whereas the average income of the lowest quintile only increased by 20 percent during this period (Semega et al. 2020).
Development of Academic Writing Block Scale (AWBS): A Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: GÜLAY Ersin , UNGAN Suat
Published: November 2021

Academic writing block is a psychology-based writing problem that has a productivity-lowering effect on the publishing process. This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable assessment tool to measure academic writing block. To this end, during the pre-trial and trial applications, academicians were interviewed face to face. The main application was realized through the online form. A pre-reliability test, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and total item correlation were conducted in the trial application. In the main application, reliability test, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and total item correlation were performed for construct validity. After the trial application, it was determined that the scale has a four-factor structure consisting of 23 items. Cronbach Alpha values were calculated to determine the preliminary reliability of the scale. CFA was conducted to test the construct validity of the Academic Writing Block Scale (AWBS). It was observed that the structure with four implicit variables determined in CFA was confirmed by the remaining 18 items in the scale. Besides, the total item correlation was used to test construct validity. Cronbach Alpha values were calculated to determine the reliability of AWBS. According to these values, it can be said that AWBS is a valid and reliable assessment instrument that can be used to measure academic writing block.
Speaking Performance and Anxiety Levels of Chinese EFL Learners in Face-to-Face and Synchronous Voice-based Chat
Authors: Chew Shin Yi , Chen Yanqiu
Published: November 2021

In recent, mobile technology is experiencing a highly development, it is necessary to explore whether it holds the potential to boost EFL learners’ language acquisition based on its instant messaging apps in synchronous voice chat (SVC) mode. With a focus on Chinese EFL learners, this study aimed to compare their speaking performance in SVC and face-to-face (F2F) chat modes. It also explored the relationship between learners’ speaking performance and anxiety levels in these two chat modes which allow real-time communication. In this mixed methods study, WeChat instant messaging was used as the platform for SVC. Forty students from a public university in China participated in 4 chat sessions in SVC and F2F chat modes over 4 weeks. Quantitative data were collected through the oral scores of the participants’ performance in the chat sessions and anxiety questionnaires. Then, qualitative data were obtained from a focus group interview. The findings revealed a significant difference in learners’ speaking performance in SVC and F2F chat. Students’ speaking performance outperformed in SVC chat compared to F2F chat. This could be linked to students’ anxiety levels which were slightly higher in F2F chat. Despite that, most of the students preferred F2F chat to SVC chat due to the practicality of F2F chat.
Exploring the Relationship Between L2 Listening and Metacognition After Controlling for Vocabulary Knowledge
Authors: Wallace Matthew P
Published: November 2021

Metacognition is known to be important for L2 listening comprehension. However, it is unclear how much variance in listening performance it can explain after controlling for vocabulary knowledge. To examine this, data from the listening section of the TOEFL Junior test, the Metacognitive Awareness Listening Questionnaire (MALQ), and the Listening Vocabulary Levels Test were collected from 76 high school EFL learners in Japan. The MALQ measured five subscales of metacognition representing metacognitive skills and metacognitive knowledge. Representing skills, the MALQ measured perceptions of the ability to (1) plan and evaluate performance, (2) direct attention, and (3) overcome listening problems. Representing knowledge, it measured strategic knowledge of (4) avoiding mentally translating speech and person knowledge of (5) maintaining positive attitudes about listening. The descriptive results showed that participants used their metacognition moderately. Of the subscales, they directed attention the most, planned and evaluated performance least, and perceived their ability to avoid mental translation, solve problems, and maintain optimism equivalently. The results from the hierarchical regression analysis further showed that vocabulary knowledge and metacognition overall predicted listening performance. Of the MALQ subscales, only person knowledge predicted comprehension. These findings indicate that, contrary to earlier findings, metacognition was important for listening comprehension after accounting for vocabulary knowledge.
Listening Boredom, Listening Boredom Coping Strategies, and Listening Performance: Exploring the Possible Relationships in Saudi EFL Context
Authors: Shehzad Muhammad Waleed , Albesher Khaled Besher , Sarfraz Summaira , Razzaq Shazma
Published: November 2021

Researchers paid ample attention to an important variable called boredom in numerous contexts; however, limited research exists regarding the association of boredom with listening comprehension performance in EFL settings. Thus, the current study aims to establish the association between listening boredom and listening comprehension performance by deploying listening boredom coping strategies as a mediating construct. A quantitative research approach, and a cross-sectional and correlational research design was used to conduct this study. A listening comprehension test and questionnaires were used to gather the data from 313 Saudi EFL learners. Results directed that there exists a negative yet significant association between listening boredom and listening comprehension performance. In addition, listening boredom showed a positive and significant association with all of the four listening boredom coping strategies. Furthermore, three out of four listening boredom coping strategies (i.e., behavioral, cognitive, and behavioral avoidance) showed a positive and significant association with listening performance; however, cognitive avoidance strategies showed a significant yet negative association with listening comprehension performance. Lastly, results regarding mediation indicated that listening boredom coping strategies mediated the relationship between listening boredom and listening comprehension performance. Based on the results, various recommendations were presented to EFL learners, instructors, and policymakers.
Harbiye (Daphne) Şelalesi Mesire Alanının rekreasyonel potansiyelinin belirlenmesi
Authors: YİĞİT Şeyma
Published: November 2021

Kentler sosyo-kültürel ve ekonomik ihtiyaçlar başta olmak üzere pek çok açıdan ihtiyaçlara cevap vermektedir. Bu nedenle ülke nüfusunun yarısından fazlası kent ekosistemi içerisinde yaşamını sürdürmektedir. Fakat kentlerdeki artan nüfus nedeniyle yoğun ve plansız yapılaşma meydana gelmektedir. Dolayısıyla insanların rekreasyon faaliyetlerini gerçekleştirecekleri açık ve yeşil alanlar azalmaktadır. Bu durum ise insanların her geçen gün doğadan uzaklaşmasına neden olmaktadır. Fakat özellikle son yıllarda fiziksel, sosyal, psikolojik, kişisel beceri - yeteneklerin geliştirilmesi ve duygusal ihtiyaçların karşılanması amacıyla insanlar rekreasyon alanlarına daha fazla ihtiyaç duymaktadırlar. Bu rekreasyon alanlarından biri ise orman içi dinlenme alanları diğer ismiyle mesire alanlarıdır. Bu çalışma Hatay iline bağlı Defne ilçesi sınırları içerisinde yer alan Harbiye (Daphne) Şelalesi mesire alanının rekreasyon potansiyelinin belirlenmesini amaçlamıştır. Çalışmada “Gülez Yöntemi” uygulanmıştır. Yöntem kapsamında alanı en az bir kez ziyaret etmiş olan öğretim elemanlarına anket soruları yöneltilmiştir. Literatür taraması – anket verileri – yerinde analiz ile mesire alanının rekreasyon potansiyeli %65 (rekreasyon potansiyeli yüksek) olarak belirlenmiştir. Fakat mesire alanının rekreasyon potansiyelini “çok yüksek” yapabilmek için insan müdahalesi ile değişebilecek “ulaşılabilirlik, rekreatif kolaylık ve olumsuz etkenler” kriterleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu kriterlerin rekreasyon potansiyeli üzerindeki etkisi istatistiksel açıdan incelenmiştir. Böylelikle bu kriterlerin öğeleri arasında ilişkiler saptanmış ve çalışma sonucunda mesire alanı için geliştirilen önerilerin temelini oluşturmuştur.