bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing an algorithm for predicting depth as well as number of passes during CO2 laser machining on thermoplastic material
Authors: Varsi Arif M. , Shaikh Abdul Hafiz
Published: November 2018

Polymethylmethacrylate has an advantage of absorbing the maximum intensity of the radiation incident on it. This makes it suitable to be machined by a laser machining process for creating spherical and rectangular cavities. The most important parameter for achieving the required depth of the cavity is the number of passes of the laser probe along with laser power and scanning speed. This paper deals with the development of an algorithm for predicting the depth of cut for a given number of passes. Further, an attempt is made to develop an algorithm to predict a number of the laser beam passes for a required depth of cut. Both the proposed algorithms show good convergence with the experimental results. The major concern in both the proposed algorithms is the focused distance and depth of cut, which go on changing nonlinearly with an increase in the number of passes.
Critically Evaluate the Capabilities of Ultrasonic Techniques Used for Tracing Defects in Laminated Composite Materials
Authors: THABET Senan , JASİM Yaser , THABİT Thabit
Published: November 2018

A Non-Destructive Test (NDT) technique is the fundamental strategy to look at a large portion of the materials, composite materials specifically. There are an excessive number of NDT techniques to assess the materials, for example, Visual Inspection, Liquid Penetrate Inspection, Eddy-Current Inspection, Phased Array Inspection, Magnetic Particle Inspection and Ultrasonic Inspection. The report delineates the Ultrasonic Test (UT) research centre examination that was directed with the group number 5 in the University lab, a few references and resources are utilised as a part of this investigation to completely exhibit the applications and deformity traceability of UT in covered composites. The paper finishes up the examination with the capacities and restrictions of the two systems and prescribes techniques to endeavour lessening the confinements.
Modern technology applications and rainfall flooding disasters prevention.
Authors: Mohamed Gar Al-nabi Ibrahim , Althobiani Faisal Wahiss
Published: November 2018

The paper presents a case study that investigated the role of modern technology applications in rainfall flooding disasters prevention. The results reported demonstrated that modern technology facilities can be used to derive preventive measures for rainfall flooding disasters. Free of charge application programs and space technology data can be downloaded and used to achieve this purpose. The derived parameters of the hydrological and topographical models can be integrated with the drainage network of the area to ensure the draining of the water and prevent it from backing up and accumulating in the low land areas. An appreciated relief effort had been made by the local governments and non-government organizations related to rainfall flooding disasters across the world. However, it is high time to devote some of this effort to the application of modern technology facilities to tackle these rainfall disasters existing causes and provide future preventive measures.
A glance of genetic relations in the Balkan populations utilizing network analysis based on in silico assigned Y-DNA haplogroups
Authors: Šehović Emir , Zieger Martin , Spahić Lemana , Marjanović Damir , Dogan Serkan
Published: November 2018

The aim of this study is to provide an insight into Balkan populations’ genetic relations utilizing in silico analysis of Y-STR haplotypes and performing haplogroup predictions together with network analysis of the same haplotypes for visualization of the relations between chosen haplotypes and Balkan populations in general. The population dataset used in this study was obtained using 23, 17, 12, 9 and 7 Y-STR loci for 13 populations. The 13 populations include: Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), Croatia, Macedonia, Slovenia, Greece, Romany (Hungary), Hungary, Serbia, Montenegro, Albania, Kosovo, Romania and Bulgaria. The overall dataset contains a total of 2179 samples with 1878 different haplotypes.

I2a was detected as the major haplogroup in four out of thirteen analysed Balkan populations. The four populations (B&H, Croatia, Montenegro and Serbia) which had I2a as the most prevalent haplogroup were all from the former Yugoslavian republic. The remaining two major populations from former Yugoslavia, Macedonia and Slovenia, had E1b1b and R1a haplogroups as the most prevalent, respectively.

The populations with E1b1b haplogroup as the most prevalent one are Macedonian, Romanian, as well as Albanian populations from Kosovo and Albania. The I2a haplogroup cluster is more compact when compared to E1b1b and R1b haplogroup clusters, indicating a larger degree of homogeneity within the haplotypes that belong to the I2a haplogroup. Our study demonstrates that a combination of haplogroup prediction and network analysis represents an effective approach to utilize publicly available Y-STR datasets for population genetics.
Dental health status of skeletal remains excavated from an abandoned well at Ajnala, India: a bioarchaeological study
Authors: Sehrawat Jagmahender Singh , Singh Monika
Published: November 2018

Present study was conducted to assess dental health status of the mid-19th century skeletal remains excavated from an abandoned ancient well and to scrutinize the demographic affiliations of the remains. Thousands of bones, teeth and contextual items were excavated non-scientifically from an abandoned well situated underneath a religious structure at Ajnala (Amritsar, India). Four thousands four hundred and seventy five teeth of each type were examined for presence of dental pathologies of caries, wear and linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH). The frequency distribution of each pathological state was calculated for each tooth type using international dental standards available in the literature. The overall dental status was characteristic of young individuals having low prevalence of dental caries and enamel hypoplasiac lesions.

Very few teeth had seriously exposed dentine and pulp cavity; indicating consumption of some cariogenic food items. The maxillary and posterior teeth were more affected with dental caries than the mandibular and anterior teeth. LEH defects were found more commonly distributed in the lower canines (44.9%) and upper incisors (34.8%) than their corresponding counterparts and statistically significant differences were noticed in LEH prevalence between anterior and, posterior dentition. The overall percentage of LEH has been found as 15.8%; with 15.4% maxillary and 16.2% mandibular teeth being affected with LEH. The paleodontogical examinations, contextual items and the preliminary molecular findings supported the written versions that victims of Ajnala skeletal remains had sound dental health status and probably belonged to adult males who were killed in 1857 as per written versions.
Autores en este número
Authors: GAPP Revista
Published: November 2018

Autores que han colaborado en el número 20 de la revista GAPP.
PERBANDINGAN PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN GERAKAN SHOLAT BERBASIS MULTIMEDIA DENGAN DESKRIPSI FUNDAMENTAL PADA PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Nita Sekreningsih
Published: November 2018

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis multimedia dengan deskripsi fundamental pada pendidikan anak usia dini. Desain rancangan penelitian menggunakan pre-test dan post-test, pre-test digunakan untuk mengetahui tingkat kesetaran dari masing-masing populasi dalam memahami materi gerakan sholat yang akan disampaikan. Sedangkan post-test dilakukan untuk mendapatkan hasil belajar siswa yang digunakan untuk menganalisa dalam menguji hipotesa yang diajukan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa RA Al-Hadiid kelas A berusia 5 tahun yang terbagi untuk kelas kontrol 20 anak dan kelas eksperimen 25 anak, sehingga total populasi 45 anak yang sudah diuji tingkat homogenitasnya. Sedangkan untuk mengetahui hasil akhir antara kelas kontrol dengan kelas eksperiment dilakukan Uji Anova.  
EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (ESD) MELALUI PEMAHAMAN MASYARAKAT UNTUK MENGURANGI SAMPAH POPOK SEKALI PAKAI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN POPOK REUSE
Authors: Marthaliakirana Angsoka Dwipayana
Published: November 2018

With regard to the environment, waste has a wide impact such as environmental pollution. Development of monitoring in terms of pengelolahan and conservation of river ecosystems needs to be done, the habit of disposing waste disposable diapers is certainly very dangerous to the quality of river water and for the sustainability of the river in the future, because disposable diapers are disposable waste products that contain dirt (stool) and urine from infants, which can have a negative impact on the community's most potent impacts of river pollution. The use of reuse diapers in modern packaging is a product that has long-term economic value because it can be reused, in addition to having medical benefits compared to disposable diapers, is also an important concept to educate the public about the benefits of reuse diapers on the environment. An activity is needed to understand the importance of protecting the environment by reducing the use of disposable diapers, in order to realize Sustainable Development or future sustainable development. The methods used in this research are: lectures through counseling and qualitative descriptive, Counseling is used to give an overview of the effect of disposable diaper use and the solution through the use of reuse diapers, and descriptive qualitative to analyze the outcomes of early and late community understanding before and after being given counseling. The result of the research shows that the society understanding is reduced by 88,2% for the not understood category seen from the first oral test of the end, for the sufficient understanding category increased by 11,7%, the criterion of understanding increased 17,6%, and for category very understand from the previous 0% increased his understanding by 58.9%.
Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar IPS dengan Menerapkan Metode Picture and Picture dan Menyanyi pada Siswa Kelas VII SMP Negeri 2 Saradan Madiun
Authors: Kusrini Yunita
Published: November 2018

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar IPS dengan menggunakan model picture and picture berbantuan metode menyanyi.Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan 2 siklus.Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII A SMP Negeri 2 Saradan. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini adlah observasi, tes dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan model picture and picture berbantuan metode menyanyi dalam pembelajaran IPS dalam materi kondisi geografis dan penduduk dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar Siswa kelas VII A di SMP Negeri 2 Saradan Madiun.Hal ini ditunjukkan pada siklus I sebanyak 46% tinggi, 36% sedang dan 18% rendah pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 22,72% sangat tinggi, 72,78% tinggi dan 4,5% sedang. Peningkatan nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa juga mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I 77,95% menjadi 82,05% pada siklus ke II. Pada aspek afektif pada siklus I sebanyak 78,75% menjadi 83,12% pada siklus II.

 

 
Sifat histerisis pada konstanta dielektrik dan indeks bias minyak zaitun dengan variasi suhu
Authors: Cahyono Bowo Eko , Misto M , Mukarromah Luluk
Published: November 2018

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik kurva histerisis melalui pengukuran konstanta dielektrik dan indeks bias. Kurva histerisis konstanta dielektrik digunakan untuk mengetahui karakteristik bahan dalam menyimpan energy listrik sementara kurva histerisis indeks bias dipakai untuk menggambarkan kemampuan bahan dalam menyimpan energy termal. Bahan yang diteliti berupa 3 jenis minyak zaitun. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode rangkaian kapasitif dan difraksi Fraunhofer celah ganda. Diketahui bahwa ketiga jenis minyak zaitun memiliki lebar kurva histerisis yang berbeda pada pengukuran konstanta dielektrik maupun indeks bias dengan variasi suhu. Hubungan antara nilai konstanta dielektrik terhadap suhu menunjukkan peningkatan, sedangkan untuk nilai indeks bias menunjukkan penurunan. Pada pengukuran konstanta dielektrik menunjukkan bahwa minyak zaitun virgin olive oil memiliki lebar kurva histerisis paling besar dibandingkan minyak zaitun extra virgin olive oil dan extra light olive oil, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa minyak zaitun virgin olive oil memiliki kemampuan paling besar untuk menyimpan enegi listrik. Sedangkan pada pengukuran indeks bias menunjukkan bahwa minyak zaitun extra virgin olive oil memiliki lebar kurva histerisis paling besar dibandingkan minyak zaitun extra light olive oil dan virgin olive oil. Hal ini juga  menunjukkan bahwa minyak zaitun extra virgin olive oil memiliki kemampuan paling besar untuk menyimpan enegi termal.
IMPLEMENTASI CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT DI USAHA MIKRO KECIL DAN MENENGAH BIDANG OTOMOTIF
Authors: Manurung Nicholas Arizona , Nugroho Agung
Published: November 2018

Abstract. This research discuss the Implementaion of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) strategy in Small and Medium Entreprise ‘Trijaya Ban 83’ workshop that focusing on service repairment industry. The mapping of business condition mention that there is no service differentiation with big and small customer. There are some gap situation in Trijaya Ban 83 workshop such as there is no intense service treatment for customers who generate biggest profit and there is no comprehensive customer database. In this business coaching, coach want to help the business to create a comprehensive Customer Relationship Management Strategy in purpose to increase customer loyalty and keep contributing profit to Trijaya Ban 83 workshop. Methods used in this thesis is qualitative method to gather and analyze customer data of Trijaya Ban 83 workshop in 2016. The result of this research is to create a customer categorization that needs service differently also the implementation to the focus category. The purpose of this Customer Relationship Management implementation is for the workshop to have a systematic selling dan the customer become more loyal in the thight competition of service repairment industry.

Keywords: Customer Relationship Management, Automotive Industry, Customer Loyalty, Business Coaching, Small and Medium Entreprises

 

 

Abstrak. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai implementasi strategi Customer Relationship Management (CRM) pada Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah / UMKM yang bergerak di bidang jasa bengkel yaitu Trijaya Ban 83. Pemetaan kondisi UKM memperlihatkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan perlakuan service antara pelanggan besar dan kecil. Beberapa kesenjangan yang terdapat di bengkel Trijaya Ban 83 adalah belum adanya pelayanan lebih terhadap pelanggan yang memberi kontrbusi pendapatan terbesar dan belum ada database konsumen yang lengkap. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari business coaching ini untuk membantu UKM merumuskan sebuah sistem Customer Relationship Management dengan harapan pelanggan akan semakin loyal dan terus memberikan laba untuk bengkel Trijaya Ban 83. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif untuk mengumpulkan dan menganalisis data pelanggan bengkel Trijaya Ban 83 selama tahun 2016. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pengelompokan pelanggan fokus yang harus dilayani secara berbeda serta implementasi service yang diberikan kepada kelompok fokus tersebut. Harapan dari implementasi Customer Relationship Management adalah agar bengkel memiliki sistematis penjualan yang teratur dan pelanggan semakin loyal terhadap bengkel dikala kompetisi bengkel semakin ketat.

Kata kunci: Customer Relationship Management , Industri Otomotif, Loyalitas Pelanggan, Business Coaching, Usaha Kecil dan Menengah
DEEMPHASIZE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS ON MIGRAN WORKERS
Authors: Chawa Anif Fatma , Al Yusainy Cleoputri , Adila Isma , Kusumastuti Ayu
Published: November 2018

Abstract.This study wants to address how migrant workers and their choices to work abroad have impacted its family, especially for economy and infrastructure sector. This paper explains that community development tend to adopt two approaches: micro or macro perspective. Macro perspective focuses on the people or agencies only in terms of their relationship to the large-scale structure, whilst micro-perspective places a greater emphasis on the individual level as the main focus and objective in the development programs. The objective of this research is to seize the structural issues of the migrant workers, and therefore, social mapping method is used. Social mapping is a visual method of showing the relative location of households and the distribution of different types of people (such as male, female, adult, child, landed, landless, literate, illiterate, and so on) together with the social structure and institutions of an area. This research was conducted in Sukowilangun village, near Malang, East Java, as this regency is named one of the largest migrant workers origins.

Keywords: Migrant Workers, Indonesia, Social Mapping, Community Development

 

 

Abstrak. Penelitian ini ingin membahas bagaimana pekerja migran dan pilihan mereka untuk bekerja di luar negeri telah mempengaruhi keluarganya, terutama dalam sektor ekonomi dan infrastruktur. Makalah ini menjelaskan bahwa pengembangan masyarakat (community development) cenderung mengadopsi dua pendekatan perspektif yakni mikro atau makro. Perspektif makro hanya berfokus pada orang atau badan yang berkaitan dengan struktur yang berskala besar, sementara perspektif mikro lebih menekankan pada tingkat individu sebagai fokus utamanya dan program pembangunan sebagai objeknya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menangkap isu struktural dari pekerja migran, penelitian ini menggunakan metode pemetaan sosial (social mapping). Social mapping adalah metode visual untuk menunjukkan lokasi relatif rumah tangga dan distribusi orang dari berbagai jenis (seperti laki-laki, perempuan, dewasa, anak-anak, rumah berubin atau tak berubin, terpelajar, buta huruf, dan lain-lain) bersama dengan struktur sosial dan institusi yang ada di area tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Sukowilangun, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur, karena kabupaten ini merupakan salah satu asal pekerja migran terbesar.

Kata kunci: Buruh Migran, Indonesia, Pemetaan Sosial, Community Development

 
Improving Letter Writing Skills Using Contextual Approach in Elementary School
Authors: Muliadi Muliadi
Published: November 2018

The purpose of this research is to improve skill in writing letter using contextual approach. The subject of this research is fourth-grade students of Aris 04 State Elementary School. The form of this research is descriptive research with classroom action research as the method. The means of this research is to investigate a condition, situation, or other things has been mentioned that the result is exposed in research report because the researcher does not change, add, or manipulate object or research area. The tools of data collecting IPKG I observation sheet, IPKG II observation sheet, Students’ observation sheet. In the first cycle, the mean score of students who passed the evaluation test is 72.73% or eight students. In the second cycle, the mean score increase until 81.82% or nine students, and in the third cycle, the mean score is 90.91% or ten students. In conclusion, contextual approach can improve students’ skill in writing letter.
Synthesis of 3-Substituted Pyrrolidines via Palladium-Catalysed Hydroarylation
Authors: Sweeney Joe , Doulcet Julien
Published: November 2018

Metal-catalysed reactions have revolutionised synthetic chemistry, allowing access to unprecedented molecular architectures with powerful properties and activities. Nonetheless, some transformations remain sparse in number, or out of reach, even with the diverse modern catalytic chemical arsenal, including bimolecular alkene hydroarylation reactions. We report here the first palladium-catalysed alkene hydroarylation to give 3-aryl pyrrolidines, a class of small molecule with potency in a diverse range of biological scenarios. The process has broad substrate scope and can be used to directly deliver drug-like molecules in a single step from readily available precursors.
Pengembangan Model Blood Mobile Collection Routing Problem (BMCRP) pada Proses Pengumpulan Darah
Authors: Iswari Titi , Setiawan Fran , Sitompul Carles
Published: November 2018

This research develop a model of blood mobile collection using blood donor vehicle efficiently by determining the optimal route of blood collection to the points of blood collection. The model developed in the form of mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) and this model is called Blood Mobile Collection Routing Problem (BMCRP). The purpose of this model is to minimize the total distance of the blood collection routing process in which each place of blood collection has the opening hours and the closing time (time windows) and the service time in each place. This study considers the blood age (spoilage time) for 6 hours to ensure blood quality. The mathematical model is then verified to determine whether the solution is in accordance with the characteristics of BMCRP. Verification is done by solving Blood Mobile Collection Routing small cases. The simulation of solving BMCRP is done by generating eight hypothetical data sets of small cases based on vehicle routing data problems with different characteristics. Verification of BMCRP uses LINGO software. From the simulation results, the BMCRP model can obtain optimal solutions with minimum total distance travelled and does not violate any constraints on BMCRP.
Criteria for aggregating sustainable development indicators as a way of modeling through “live-and-work” city index
Authors: Fouda Yasser ElSayed , Elkhazendar Deena Mohamed
Published: November 2018

Measuring and comparing sustainable development levels of cities, regions, and projects is an essential procedure in creating and maintaining sustainable urban futures.Introducing a new urban sustainable development assessment model: The Live and Work (LaW) City Model, as an indicator-based sustainable development indexing model, it aims to assist planners and policy makers in their decision-making procedures and development of cities by providing an integrated assessment framework. Several efforts were done to develop composite indicators, but it was concluded that most of them focused on environmental dimensions and neglected the overlapping of the other influential ones.The paper gives an overview of the nature and importance of composite indicators and how it can be structured and implemented precisely; overcoming its drawbacks, to gauge and rank the performance of cities across the demands of people, planet, and profit, as a way of achieving the live and work balance criteria.The methodology of the model is developed by following a set of logical steps such as; weighing, normalization, and aggregation of individual indicators. From here, a functional form for aggregation was derived to compute the index. Also, the structure of the model was illustrated in the form of a Pie/Radar chart.The visualized LaW City Index has the communicative advantage of being easy to convey comparative levels of different values. The total values computed could be used to rank cities in a tabular format and gauge their comparable sustainable development performance accordingly.The model can also estimate the sustainable development outcomes of alternative development scenarios during different year’s intervals. This can be achieved by stacking up different model scenarios; making it a relatively simple exercise for both the general public and decision-makers to comprehend
Honey bees ensure the pollination of Parkia biglobosa in absence of bats
Authors: Lassen Kristin Marie , Ouédraogo Moussa , Dupont Yoko Luise , Kjær Erik Dahl , Nielsen Lene Rostgaard
Published: November 2018

One of the socio-economically important West African parkland trees, Parkia biglobosa yields pods consumed by people and animals. Being animal-pollinated, it is unknown how climate change will affect the species if the guild of pollinators changes. Here, we compare the pollinator guilds and the pod production at two climatically different study sites: the first site, Tiba was drier with lower tree density and fewer fruit bats, whereas the second site, Pinyiri was more humid, with higher tree density and more fruit bats. We carried out a pollinator exclusion trial with bags separating the flower-visitors and made observations of the flower-visitors. Furthermore, we calculated pollination distances based on paternity analysis of the seeds produced within the trial. The numbers of immature fruits were similar for the sites, but the drier site, Tiba experienced more abortion and decreased pod set. At both sites, exclusion of bats led to marginally reduced pod set, while exclusion of bats and honey bees led to significantly reduced pod set. We found a small effect of stingless bees and solitary bees but only at the more humid site, Pinyiri. Tiba experienced a higher level of self-pollination, fewer pollen donors per tree, and longer median distances of pollen flow, compared with Pinyiri. Implications of the results for management of the species and its pollinators in the face of climate change are discussed.
Description of biologically active protein hydrolysates of whey and colostrum
Authors: Halavach Т. M. , Tarun E. I. , Dudchik N. V. , Romanovich R. V. , Bubra I. A. , Kurchenko V. P.
Published: November 2018

Antioxidant, antimutagenic and antigenic properties of partial hydrolysates of whey and colostrum obtained using bacterial endopeptidase (alcalase) have been investigated. It was found that the depth of proteolysis, qualitative and quantitative composition of protein component of samples determined the level of their antiradical and antimutagenic activity. According to SDS-electrophoresis whey hydrolysate contains cleaved allergen proteins, whereas colostrum hydrolysate possesses a high molecular weight fraction (>10 kDa) of partially digested immunoglobulins. Proteolysis of β-lactoglobulin, which has a high allergenic potential, is confirmed by results of immunoprecipitation reaction. In accordance with the ORAC method antioxidant action of hydrolysed whey and colostrum increased by 2.8 and 5.0 times, respectively. Antimutagenic effect for whey hydrolysate was 15.7–49.2 % when tested on the strain Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 and 18.8–52.1 % for strain TA 100. It exceeded values of colostrum hydrolysate. Samples of whey and colostrum hypoallergenic hydrolysates with confirmed antioxidant and antimutagenic properties have been obtained.
Design of genetic construction for creation DNA vaccine against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
Authors: Kravchenko L. M. , Kudzin K. V. , Prakulevich U. A.
Published: November 2018

The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) caused the serious economic damage to swine breeding around the world. It is a viral infective disease against which live attenuated and inactivated vaccines are not always successful. Development of new types of drugs such as DNA vaccines is necessary for improving the protection against the virus. DNA vaccines induce the development of both a cellular and humoral immune response. Such vaccines consist of a plasmid or viral vector with genes of potentially immunogenic proteins. The expression of these genes realized in cells of the vaccinated animal. It leads to the synthesis of antigen proteins triggering the immune response. The purpose of this work is to create a genetic construction that can be used as DNA vaccine against PRRS virus. The construction consists of the commercial vector pVAX1 and open reading frame of two structural proteins of PRRS virus, a lysosomal localization signal sequence of the invariant chain gene and regulatory elements necessary for the expression of cloned genes in mammalian cells.
New locations of rare and protected plant species of the aquatic ecosystems of Minsk Region and National park “Belovezhskaya Pushcha”
Authors: Savitskaya K. L. , Dzhus М. A.
Published: November 2018

There is a review of floral studies of the water bodies in Minsk Region and National Park “Belovezhskaya Pushcha”. 75 new locations of 20 rare aquatic and riverside plant species coming at the water and 1 hybrid were found. 7 of these species are listed in the Red Book of the Republic of Belarus, 5 species are included into the category of Least Concern and Data Deficient. Potamogeton berchtoldii Fieber, Utricularia minor L., Potamogeton acutifolius Link, P. nodosus Poir., Salvinia natans (L.) All. are reported for the first time from National Park «Belovezhskaya Pushcha». The spreading of Berula erecta (Huds.) Coville on the territory of National Park is considered in detail. New locations of Nuphar pumila (Timm) DC., Ranunculus kauffmannii Clerc., Najas major All., Berula erecta, Glyceria lithuanica (Gorski) Gorski, Conioselinum tatari­ cum Hoffm. in Minsk Region, which were not included in 4th edition of the Red Book, have been described. A brief description of habitat environmental conditions is given for the revealed species of aquatic plants, and their phytocoenotic confinement is also pointed out. New information on the locations of protected aquatic plant species should be used to monitor their populations and prepare the documents of protection.
Spatial distribution of ionizing radiation sources in contaminated forest stands in Belarus
Authors: Dvornik A. A. , Dvornik A. M.
Published: November 2018

Currently, there are critical ecosystems that accumulate radionuclides and determine the duration of radiation exposure on biota. The dose of external exposure caused by two factors – radioactive contamination of forest stands and the human behavior mode. In this work, authors represent the analysis of structure of ionizing radiation sources in forest stands at the territory with radioactive contamination. A method for estimating values of external radiation dose is based on calculation of protection against extended sources of ionizing radiation. A calculation data source is information on contamination density, wood species and forest type. We used taxation characteristics of pine stands to determine configuration and radiation sources composition. Calibration and verification of proposed model were carried out by dose rate in situ measurements by different methods. The results of comparison of the exposure dose rate in the meadow-forest areas confirmed the existence of the so-called “edge effect”. Experimental data is in a good agreement with the model calculations. A forecast of external exposure dose in pine forests for a remote period after the accident at ChNPP has been obtained. The method allows to improve radiation safety measures of forestry engineers, worked at forest sites.
Representatives of the genus Abies Mill. as part of the cultural dendroflora of Belarus
Authors: Torchyk U. I. , Karaneuski R. I.
Published: November 2018

The article provides information about biological properties (taxation characteristics, dynamics of the current average period growth in diameter, seed production, natural renewal) of 8 species and 12 decorative forms from the genus Abies Mill.

Under the conditions of introduction, the explored species of fir and their decorative forms showed a sufficiently high winter hardiness, resistance to diseases and pests, they successfully seed, and some of them give self-seeding. In the cultural dendroflora, fir trees are rare. Among the species, the most common fir on the territory of the republic is Abies concolor Lindl. et Gord, and among the decorative forms cultivars it is Abies koreana Wils.
Morphobiological characteristics of pink-crowned Narcissus from the collection of the Central Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Authors: Zavadskaya L. V.
Published: November 2018

Data on a genus of the Daffodils have been given in the article. The areas of species have been designated. Dates of selection work for the Daffodils have been determined. Countries and number of plant breeders of the Daffodils have been presented. The first cultivar of the Daffodil with pink crown has been specified, too.

Group accessory for the 55 Daffodils from the collection of the Central Botanical Garden of NAS of Belarus has been defined. The age and authorship of the studied cultivars have been established. Assessment of their biological features in the conditions of the Central area of Belarus has been carried out. Periods and duration of some phenological phases have been established. Height of plants and sizes of flowers have been estimated. Periods of the Daffodils with a pink crown blossoming have been established. The abundance of blossoming depends on cultivar’s features and duration of their cultivation without grafting. The flowers of Daffodils with a pink crown have been measured from 6.5 to 11.5 cm. For the long-cupped Daffodils sizes and forms of crowns are various. The multiplication factor during the three years cultivation fluctuates from 5 to 16 units. Grades are rather steady in local conditions against diseases and pests.

From studied cultivars the 13 best ones have been recommended for cultivation.
Seasonal rhythm of growth and development of new cultivars of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) introduced into the Belarusian Polesie
Authors: Drozd O. V.
Published: November 2018

Based on the data of seven-year observations of the rhythms of seasonal growth and development, the features of the passage of the phases of phenological development of 15 cultivars of highbush blueberry and 1 cultivar of lowbush blueberry have been presented in the article. The rhythmic plasticity of the blueberry cultivars introduced in Belarus appeared in the ability to change phenorhythmics by the reason of different weather conditions during the years of observation. It was reflected in the variation of dates of the main phenological phases onset. At the same time, inter-branch differences in the early phases of development (vegetative) were insignificant, they became much more pronounced in terms of the passage of the phenological phases associated with the development of the generative sphere of the highbush blueberry. The investigated blueberry cultivars under the conditions of the introduction point retain their inherent order of fruit ripening, characteristic of their homeland.

The climatic conditions of the Belarusian Polesie ensure the passage of a full cycle of seasonal development by the investigated highbush blueberry of the entire spectrum of ripening of the crop. At the same time, inter-branch differences in the duration of the growing season are insignificant. The obtained results testify to the prospects of the investigated blueberry cultivars of different maturation periods for homestead and industrial gardening in the Belarusian Polesie and determine the expediency of carrying out further introductory research.
Fruiting of varieties of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) in Belarus
Authors: Pavlovskiy N. B.
Published: November 2018

The features of entering into the stage of generative development, industrial fruiting, productivity, the variability of fruiting of 20 cultivars of blueberry and a large variety of blueberry, introduced in Belarus have been shown on the base of results during many years of researches. All the investigated blueberry cultivars in conditions of Belarus fulfill their target functions – they form fruits. It indicates successful implementation of their adaptive potential at the introduction point. The introduction into the generative phase of the development of blueberry plants occurs at the age of 4, in the stage of industrial fruiting – in the 6-year-old. . In different years of fruiting, the yield of blueberry cultivars varies greatly. While the cultivars Bluecrop, Bluetta, Denise Blue, Duke, Earliblue, Elizabeth, Jersey, Northblue, Northcountry, Northland, Patriot, Weymouth are characterized by a higher berry productivity then other ones, Blueray, Northland and Jersey are characterized by more regular fruit bearing. The variability  of fruiting of blueberry plants mainly is caused by the death of flowering buds in winter and/or by the drought during the period of their forming. The weight of the blueberry fetus is very variable, depending on the varietal characteristics and the year. A close size of berries correlation dependence has been established concerning to the moisture content in the period of their growth, and to its temperature regime especially.
Classical solution to the mixed problems for the Klein–Gordon–Fock-type equation with curve derivatives in boundary conditions
Authors: Korzyuk V. I. , Stolyarchuk I. I.
Published: November 2018

The mixed problem for one-dimensional Klein–Gordon–Fock-type equation with curve derivatives in boundary conditions is considered in half-strip. The solution of this problem is reduced to solving the second type Volterra integral equations. Theorems of existence and uniqueness of the solution in the class of the twice continuously differentiable functions were proven for these equations when initial functions are smooth enough. It is proven that fulfillment of the matching conditions on the given functions is necessary and sufficient for the existence of the unique smooth solution when initial functions are smooth enough. The method of characteristics is used for the problem analysis.

This method is reduced to the splitting the original area of the definition to the subdomains. The solution of the subproblem can be constructed in each subdomain with the help of the initial and boundary conditions. Then obtained solutions are glued in common points, and received glued conditions are the matching conditions. This approach can be used in constructing as analytical solution, in case when solution of the integral equation can be found in explicit way, so for approximate solution. Moreover, approximate solutions can be constructed in numerical and analytical form. When numeric solution is constructed, then matching conditions are essential and they need to be considered while developing numerical methods.
Photo- and electroluminescence of oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon structures for silicon-based optoelectronics
Authors: Romanov I. A. , Vlasukova L. A. , Komarov F. F. , Parkhomenko I. N. , Kovalchuk N. S. , Mohovikov M. A. , Mudryi A. V. , Milchanin O. V.
Published: November 2018

Oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon (SiO2/SiN0.9/SiO2/Si) structures have been fabricated by chemical vapor deposition. The elemental composition and light emission properties of “SiO2/SiN0.9/SiO2/Si” structures have been studied using Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS), photo- and electroluminescence (Pl, El). The RBS measurements has shown the presence of an intermediate silicon oxynitride layers at the SiO2–SiN0.9 interfaces.

It has been shown that the photoluminescence of the SiO2/SiN0.9/SiO2/Si structure is due to the emission of a SiN0.9 layer, and the electroluminescence is attributed to the emission of silicon oxide and oxynitride layers. A broad intense band with a maximum at 1.9 eV dominates the Pl spectrum. This band attributed to the radiative recombination of excited carriers between the band tail states of the SiN0.9 layer. The origin of the less intense Pl band at 2.8 eV is associated with the presence  of nitrogen defects in the silicon nitride.

El was excited in the electrolyte-dielectric-semiconductor system. The electric field strength in the SiO2 layers reached 7–8 MV/cm and exceeded this parameter in nitride layer nearly four times. The electrons accelerating in electric field of 7–8 MV/cm could heat up to energies more than 5 eV. It is sufficient for the excitation of luminescence centres in the silicon oxide and oxynitride layers. The SiO2/SiN0.9/SiO2/Si composition El bands with quantum energies of 1.9 and 2.3 eV are related to the presence of silanol groups (Si–OH) and three-coordinated silicon atoms (≡Si•) in the silicon oxide layers. The El band with an energy of 2.7 eV is attributed to the radiative relaxation of silylene (O2=Si:) centers in the silicon oxynitride regions. It is observed the least reduction of this band intensity under the influence of strong electric fields after a charge flow  of 1–3 C/cm2.
Influence of mononitrogen fertilizer system on biochemical status of Luvisol sandy loam soil with high contents of phosphorus and potassium
Authors: Lapa V. V. , Mikhailouskaya N. A. , Kasyanchyk S. A. , Mezentseva E. G.
Published: November 2018

The effect of mononitrogen fertilizer system on biochemical status of high fertility Luvisol sandy loam soil was studied during five years in the field experiment. Data interpretation of enzyme diagnostics was done based on the resulting estimation criteria, which is a biochemical coefficient including four key enzymatic parameters and representing the ratio of average speeds of humification and mineralization activities in С and N cycles. Five-year application of mono nitrogen fertilizer system resulted in progressive increase of organic substances mineralization, which enhanced with nitrogen dose rising. It is ecologically advisable to fertilize the soil with the complete mineral fertilizer with the minimal doses of phosphorus and potassium. Thus, humification and mineralization processes are balanced and organic matter is saved.
Structure and optical properties of diamond-like carbon coatings
Authors: Chekan N. M. , Akula I. P. , Shpak E. P. , Navitskii A. N.
Published: November 2018

Using a hybrid method of cathodic arc (PVD) and chemical (CVD) deposition from the gas phase, a new type of coatings containing high amount of sp3 bonds of carbon, capable of absorbing effectively light has been developed.

This thin film material is a promised one for optical devices operating in open space environment as antireflective coating  for photoreceiver bodies. The hybrid method permits to obtain effective light absorbing coatings having excellent mechanical and tribological properties and is able to sustain temperature cycling in a range from plus 150 to minus 100 oC.  The optical characteristics of DLC coatings were studied depending on the content of sp2bound content. The combined physical and chemical deposition of DLC coatings allows to achieve a sufficiently high light absorption (a~10 5 cm–1) and low reflection with a relatively small coating thickness about 1 mm. It has been established that the antireflective properties of such coatings depend on the conditions for their preparation, first of all on hydrocarbon gas pressure
Investigation of the regularities of vortical flows in a cyclone-bed chamber
Authors: Pitsukha E. A. , Buchilko E. K. , Teplitskii Yu. S.
Published: November 2018

Experimental investigation of the radial distributions of tangential and longitudinal velocities, total and static pressures in the vortex zone of a cyclone-bed chamber of diameter 0.21 m has been carried out. The experiments were carried out at various regime parameters (fraction of bottom blast, total air volume flow) and geometric parameters (diameter and shape of the outlet) of the chamber, and also in the presence of a fixed or fluidized bed of granular material. The influence of nonisotherm of bottom and tangential blast on the distribution pattern of velocity and pressure in the vortex zone of the cyclone-bed chamber is investigated. There was determined the influence of bottom blast temperature on the longitudinal velocity of air in the central part of the vortex zone chamber.  It is shown that the diameter of the outlet has a significant effect on the pressure in the chamber. The longitudinal velocity in the central part of the chamber is practically independent of the shape of the outlet. The presence of the fluidized bed has an effect on the hydrodynamics of the cyclone-bed chamber vortex zone. In the presence of the fluidized bed there has been a violation of the self-similarity of hydrodynamic dimensionless parameters distribution in the vortex zone. The obtained experimental data were summarized within the framework of the similarity theory with the use of a dimensionless quantity characterizing the hydrodynamics of an inhomogeneous fluidized bed – the Froude number (Fr). The use of the Froude number makes it possible to take into account the effect of the fluidized bed hydrodynamics on the features of air velocity and pressure distributions in the vortex zone, and also takes into account the influence of such an important factor as the fraction of bottom blast.
Calculation of the kinetics of heat transfer using the experimental data of moisture exchange in the process of convective drying of thin flat materiаls
Authors: Ol’shanskii A. I. , Zhernosek S. V. , Gusarov A. M.
Published: November 2018

In the paper, the authors analyzed the solution of the differential equation of non-stationary heat conduction for an unbounded plate during the heat exchange of plate surfaces with the surrounding medium according to Newton’s law at a constant temperature of the medium. To use the results of solving the equations in the drying of thin flat materials, the dependence of the heat transfer coefficients on temperature and moisture content was studied. As a result of studying and analyzing a number of literature sources, the regularities of the change in the heat transfer coefficients during drying are established with high reliability. Studies of drying of thin wet plates of white and red clays with known heat transfer coefficients have shown that for small values of the heat transfer criterion of the Bio and small temperature gradients over the section of a thin material, application of the results of solutions of the heat transfer equations gives completely satisfactory agreement between the calculated and experimental values of the temperatures and the duration of drying. It is established that for small Bio numbers, the main factor is the external heat and mass transfer of the surface of the material with the surrounding medium and the rate of drying depends little on internal mass transfer. It is shown that the use of numerical methods for solving differential equations is possible with varying degrees of approximation only for accurate and reliable dependences of heat and mass transfer coefficients on moisture content and temperature. For a number of materials with known heat transfer coefficients, the use of analytical methods in calculations is of considerable interest and brings the theory closer to the practice of drying.