bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Rate of Leaf Respiration for Six Cultivars of Highbush Blueberry1
Authors: Coorts G. D. , Hapitan J. G. , Shutak V. G.
Published: September 2022

Respiration is of primary importance to the plant since it liberates energy to do chemical work in synthesizing energy-rich materials involved in growth. Although the respiratory rate of many plant tissues and organs have been studied (1), no data on respiratory rate of blueberry leaves was found in a search of the literature. It is felt that data on the respiratory rate of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) would be of value since it will provide basic information for comparison with other genera.
Fungi from Floral Parts of Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.)1
Authors: Jones Alfred , Jackson C. R.
Published: September 2022

Sweetpotato breeders are confronted with the problem of extremely low seed set. Based on counts made of seed set in tagged flowers, only about 2 or 3% of the potential seed production is realized (2). This problem is compounded by the occurrence of flower bud abscission prior to opening. Although low seed set may be primarily due to genetic incompatibility, sterility or physiological disharmony in developing seed, insect or disease damage could also be involved. This study provides information on the fungi of sweetpotato floral parts and preliminary results of their effect on seed set.
Effects of Field Seeding and Transplanting on Earliness, Quality, and Yield of Cantaloupe Varieties
Authors: Norton J. D.
Published: September 2022

Three-week old plants of 10 cantaloupe varieties grown in 3-inch peat pots were transplanted to the field from April 15 to 24 for a S-year period. Field seeded plots were direct seeded the same day and 7-10 days earlier.

The yield and fruit weight from transplants were significantly higher than those from field seeded plants. The total soluble solids content of fruit from transplants averaged more than 2 per cent higher than that of field seeded plants started the same date. When field seeded 7-10 days earlier, the difference was not as great; however, total soluble solids were consisently higher in fruit from transplants. Two factors were possibly responsible for the higher yields, fruit weights, and soluble solids. Because field seeded plants matured later, foliar diseases were more severe and plants were also exposed to additional cloudiness and rainfall.

Fruit of transplants matured approximately 14 days earlier than that of field seeded plants started the same date. When field seeding was accomplished 7-10 days before transplanting, fruit from field seeded plants matured only 7-10 days after the transplants.
Soil Compaction and Soluble Salt Accumulation in Amended Turf Soils1
Authors: Thurman P. C. , Pokorny F. A.
Published: September 2022

Soil compaction is considered to be a major factor in the loss of grass in established turf plantings. Associated with the onset of soil compaction is a decrease in soil aeration (1), a reduction in gaseous exchange, and reduced water infiltration rates (2, 6, 7). Attempts to increase turf vigor and putting green resiliency by applying higher rates of fertilizer and by increased irrigation have often accentuated long-standing problems of diseases, poor root development, and low water infiltration rates (3,7). Frequent but light irrigations may also contribute to a buildup of harmful salt concentrations in compacted soils (5, 8).
Organisms Found Growing under Nutrient Mist Propagation1
Authors: Coorts G. D. , Sorenson C. C.
Published: September 2022

Intermittent mist is widely used by plant propagators in the rooting of cuttings. However, it has been demonstrated that under this method of propagation nutrients are leached from cuttings. Recent work (1, 2, 3) has shown that by adding fertilizer to mist during the propagation of cuttings, the nutrient content of the cuttings may be replenished. Due to the length of time in the propagation bench, sanitation is much more critical when propagating woody ornamental plants under a nutrient mist than when propagating herbaceous plants.
Reciprocal Benefits of Coordinated Research in Physiological Genetics and Plant Breeding
Authors: Gabelman W. H.
Published: September 2022

Most biologists agree that the genetic composition of the plant determines the potential response of the plant. Against this genetic background, the environment exerts its effect by enhancing or limiting the myriad of potential biochemical sequences that reside in the plant genotype.
Organizing and Presenting a Technical Paper1
Authors: Maxie E. C.
Published: September 2022

At each annual meeting of the Society a number of papers are presented poorly. Not the only offenders are inexperienced graduate students and junior horticulturists. Most of us share some blame - and should do something about it!
Seasonal Distribution of Manganese in Leaves and Shoots of Red Delicious Apple Trees Showing Internal Bark Necrosis (IBN)
Authors: Zeiger D. C. , Shelton J. E.
Published: September 2022

Mn in apple leaves rose to a late summer maximum prior to or at abscission. The average levels, or the maxima, were not related to the severity of IBN symptoms. There are indications, but no conclusive evidence, that some withdrawal into the bark of shoots may occur. If such movement does occur, the resulting increase in bark Mn concentration is not great and cannot account for levels of bark Mn associated with IBN by Berg, et al. (1). No redistribution of Mn between bark and wood appears to occur during the winter.
Effects of Certain Growth Regulators on Low Temperature Injury of Cultivars of Chrysanthemum morifolium1
Authors: Bruckel D. W. , Wiggans S. C.
Published: September 2022

The growth substances Alar, gibberellin, maleic hydrazide, and phosfon were applied to Chrysanthemum morifolium cultivars and their effects on low temperature injury resistance determined electrolytically. Single and repeated applications of Alar and maleic hydrazide were found to reduce effectively low temperature injury, but gibberellin and phosfon applications did not affect resistance to injury.
Starch Content in Cherry Stems Near Loci of Graft, Banding and Scoring1
Authors: Carlson R. F. , Yu Kyung
Published: September 2022

Sweet cherries (Prunus avium L.) budded on Mahaleb (P. mahaleb L.) in some instances exhibit incompatibility symptoms, but less frequently when on Mazzard rootstock (4). The symptoms of incompatibility of sweet cherry cultivars on Mahaleb are over-growth above the graft union and premature defoliation in the fall. Longitudinal sections through the graft union reveal a thick phloem and bark just above the graft union, whereas, no major abnormalities appear in the xylem area of the graft union (4).
Bighart, An Improved Pimiento Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Variety1,2
Authors: Greenleaf W. H. , Hollingworth M. H. , Harris Hubert , Rymal K. S.
Published: September 2022

Bighart, an improved Pimiento pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) variety (Fig. 1), was developed at the Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, and released to the Associated Pimiento Canners in February 1969. Bighart averaged 74% more yield than the commercial Truhart variety in 2 years’ trials at the North Alabama Horticulture Substation, Cullman, Alabama. Bighart fruits were 37% heavier, had 13% thicker walls and gave a 10% higher recovery of canned product than those of Truhart. In addition, the concentrated fruit set and fruit maturity of Bighart promises suitability for machine harvest.
The Relationship of Sulfur Fumes to Defoliation and Fruit Drop of Apples1
Authors: Hoyt S. C. , Benson N. R. , Burts E. C.
Published: September 2022

In early September 1963, extensive leaf drop on Winesap apple trees was reported from an orchard in Yakima County, Washington. Later a high percentage of fruit dropped prematurely, and the remaining fruit failed to color and mature normally.
Relationship Between Length of Vernalization, Stem Apex Size, and Initiatory Activity in Lilium longiflorum cv. ‘Ace‘1
Authors: Wang S. Y. , Roberts A. N. , Blaney L. T.
Published: September 2022

A study of shoot apex size and initiatory activity in August-harvested ‘Ace’ bulbs following 0, 6, and 18 weeks vernalization at 40°F showed negetative correlations between leaf and flower number and length of vernalization treatment, and between apex size and this cold treatment. Growth acceleration as reflected in earlier shoot emergence, internode elongation and rapid leaf unfolding was evident following 6 weeks’ 40°F storage, but prolonged (18 weeks) treatment drastically reduced subsequently initiatory activity and rate of leaf unfolding.
Effects of Herbicides on the Dry Matter Content, Total Soluble Solids, and Pungency of Onion1
Authors: Saghir A. R. , Senzai M. D.
Published: September 2022

Demand for dehydrated onions, Allium cepa L., is becoming considerable in world markets. Any changes in dry matter, total soluble solids, or pungency of onions may affect quality of the dehydrated product. Several studies have been made on the influence of herbicides on weed control and onion yield (2, 4, 5) but little has been reported on the effects of herbicides on quality characteristics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of chlorbromuron (N'-(4-bromo-3-chlo-rophenyl)-N-methoxy-N-methylurea), chloroxuron (N’-4-(4-chlorophenoxy) phenyl-N,N-dimethylurea), propachlor (2-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide), CP-50144 (2-chloro-2′,6′-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl) acentilide), Sindone 0263 (1, 1-dimethyl-4,6-diisopropyl-5-indanylethylketone + 7-indanylisomer), propanil (3’, 4′-dichloropropionanilide), and prometryne (2,4-bis(iso-propylamino)-6-(methylthio)-s-triazine) on dry matter content, total soluble solids, and pungency of onions.
Introduction to the Symposium
Authors: Dickson Michael H.
Published: September 2022

Quality is rather nebulous and often difficult to measure objectively. This is not surprising since edible quality comprises a number of attributes, both physical and chemical. Some of the components of quality have been measured objectively for a long time; others, such as flavor and aroma, have only recently been measured objectively. Previously they were, and in most cases they still are, subject to personal preferences and prejudices.
Plant Constituents as they Affect Quality in Vegetables
Authors: McCollum J. P.
Published: September 2022

Assays for quality in vegetables are not generally considered difficult. Even the constituents of flavors may be determined readily by modern analytical methods. Characteristics such as color, sweetness, tenderness, crispness, pungency, and acidity can be readily observed. The apparent simplicity of a study of quality often obscures its complexity.
About Our Cover
Authors: Watson Donald P.
Published: September 2022

Sterculia Jbetida Linn. from East Africa, India, Malaysia and Northern Australia is a fast growing large deciduous tree up to 100 feet high. The palmate leaves are composed of 5 to 9 elliptic leaflets, which are pink when young. The yellow vile smelling flowers with purple markings almost an inch in diameter are foetid, woolly and borne on 12 inch green panicles on the ends of the twigs.
A Strawberry Harvest Mechanization System1
Authors: Quick Graeme R. , Denisen Ervin L.
Published: September 2022

The development of a narrow bed cultivation technique, concentrated ripening varieties, and a novel machine for harvesting is presented as a potential solution to problems of strawberry production for processing.

Results of tests in the 1969 season and the steps in the development of this system are described. The harvester itself can readily be mounted on certain conventionally designed garden tractors.

The cost of equipment required and results obtained are sufficiently encouraging to suggest that an economical minimum labor production system might again be possible in areas which have been forced to abandon strawberry production by rising costs.
Observations on the Performance of Grape Cultivars in Nova Scotia1
Authors: Bishop R. F. , Craig D. L. , MacEachern C. R.
Published: September 2022

Field trials with grape cultivars, conducted at three locations in the Annapolis-Cornwallis Valley in Nova Scotia, show that the successful growth of wine cultivars is not feasible. While there were differences between locations, apparently lack of sufficient heat units to fully mature the fruit is responsible for the area’s unsuitability.
Comparative Effects of Gibberellin and Parthenocarpy on the Shape and Maturation of Peaches1
Authors: Stembridge G. E. , Gambrell C. E.
Published: September 2022

A 500 ppm gibberellin A3 (GA) spray applied shortly after full bloom to unemasculated peach flowers caused some fruit to develop parthenocarpically. Nonparthenocarpic fruit sprayed with GA were similar to parthenocarpic fruit in their elongated shape and advanced maturity, and dissimilar to unsprayed control fruit. The applied GA, rather than a lack of ovule development, is therefore primarily responsible for alterations in shape and maturity of parthenocarpic peaches.
Production Efficiency of a Large and a Small ‘McIntosh’ Apple Tree1
Authors: Forshey C. G. , McKee M. Wayne
Published: September 2022

There were no differences between a large (29.0 ft branch spread) and a small (10.5 ft branch spread) ‘McIntosh’ apple tree in total dry matter accumulated per unit of occupied land. However, the small tree produced 80.6% more fruit on a unit area basis. In terms of leaf efficiency, the small tree produced 60.4% more dry matter per unit weight of leaves than the large tree.
Storage Response of Green and Bleached Lima Beans (Phaseolus lunatus L.)1
Authors: Bass Louis N. , James Edwin , Clark Dorris C.
Published: September 2022

Green and bleached beans designated as high and low vigor lots were stored at 21C and 50, 70, and 90% relative humidity. At the end of 36 months, no significant loss in viability occurred in either lot at 50% relative humidity. No significant loss of viability was found in the high vigor lot stored at 70% relative humidity but the low vigor lot lost all viability. Both lots were worthless for planting purposes when stored at 90% relative humidity for 3 months.
The Inheritance of Mature Fruit Color in Capsicum pubescens R. & P.1
Authors: El Hassan Gaafar M. , Smith Paul G.
Published: September 2022

Red and yellow mature fruit color in Capsicum pubescens is controlled by a single gene with yellow (y) recessive to red (y+).
Incompatibilities Between Herbicides and Insecticides in Direct-Seeded Brassica Crops1
Authors: Freeman Jack A. , Finlayson D. G.
Published: September 2022

The compatibility of 5 preemergence herbicides and 3 insecticides applied in silt loam was assessed in 4 brassica crops by comparing their effects on germination, plant stand, and yield. Several combinations were deleterious. The herbicides CDEC and DCPA in combination with the insecticide thionazin reduced plant stand in cabbage and cauliflower. Herbicide C-7019 in combination with the insecticide fensulfothion was incompatible for cabbage and broccoli. Cabbage germination was reduced; while with broccoli both the germination and crop yield were affected. C-7019 alone reduced the germination of cauliflower and in combination with fensulfothion the damage was increased. This herbicide was phytotoxic to rutabaga. When nitrofen was combined with the insecticides, plant stands of cauliflower and rutabaga were affected. Nitrofen and thionazin together reduced the plant stand of cabbage. Propachlor at 4 lb./acre was compatible with any of the three insecticides for the four crops. However, the plant stand and yields of all four crops were reduced in plots treated with propachlor at 6 lb./acre in combination with thionazin. Propachlor with the insecticide carbofuran injured only broccoli. The herbicides did not affect the efficacy of the insecticides.
Effect of Auxin-Herbicides on Plant and Animal Biochemistry1
Authors: Cherry Joe H.
Published: September 2022

Joe H. Cherry received his BS from the University of Tennessee (1957) and MS (1959) and PhD (1961) from the University of Illinois. He spent a year at the Seed Protein Pioneering Research Laboratory, U. S. Department of Agriculture, in New Orleans before coming to Purdue in 1962 where he is now Professor of Horticulture. A “Molecular Horticulturist” and proud of it, Dr. Cherry believes that the exciting arena for horticulture today is unraveling the biochemistry of gene action in relation to regulation of fundamental plant processes.
2, 4-D as an Air Pollutant: Effects on Growth of Representative Horticultural Plants1
Authors: Sherwood C. H. , Weigle J. L. , Denisen E. L.
Published: September 2022

Experimental techniques are described for concentric circular test patterns with intentional exposure to a 2,4-D source at the center. With the intensity of exposure as a function of distance from the center, various degrees and symptoms of expression of 2,4-D damage were obtained for a wide variety of horticultural plants. Observations were made on overwintering damage, carry-over effects on potted specimens returned to the greenhouse, seed carry-over effects (none), and effects on virus-infected plants.
Relation of Stress-Strain Properties of Tomato Skin to Cracking of Tomato Fruit1
Authors: Batal K. M. , Weigle J. L. , Foley D. C.
Published: September 2022

Stress-strain measurements of the skin from fruit of 5 tomato cultivars were related to field data for fruit cracking. No relationship was found between modulus of elasticity and fruit cracking, but ultimate force and breaking elongation showed inverse relationships to fruit cracking. Breaking elongation, which reflects both elasticity and plasticity of the skin, should be of value in estimating crack resistance of tomato fruit. The Instron instrument was used to determine these mechanical properties.
Turnip Root Production Studies in Regard to Different Cultural Practices1
Authors: del Valle C. G.
Published: September 2022

Field experiments with turnips (Brassica rapa L.) from 1963 to 1968 compared fertilizer placement methods, seeding rates, boron sources, and different methods of precision seeding on Tifton loamy sand. No consistent yield differences were found among the 4 methods of fertilizer placement. Yield was reduced as spacing was reduced from 6 to 3 inches within the rows. Borate 65 was not phytotoxic and was better than borax in controlling brown heart of roots. It was equally effective as a control measure whether applied at seeding time or sidedressed 30 days after seeding. Among methods of precision seeding the Keystone seed tape was most precise in controlling spacing and resulted in 2 days earlier emergence.
The Effectiveness of Succinic Acid 2, 2-Dimethylhydrazide in Preventing Preharvest Drop of ‘Bartlett’ Pears1
Authors: Martin George C. , Griggs William H.
Published: September 2022

‘Bartlett’ pear trees were sprayed 2 weeks after full bloom or 4 weeks before harvest with a single application of succinic acid 2,2-dimethylhydrazide (Alar) at 1,000 or 2,000 ppm. Some trees that received 1,000 ppm were given a second application of Alar at 1,000 ppm 3 weeks after full bloom or 3 weeks before harvest. Alar was as effective as NAA at 10 ppm in preventing preharvest drop of fruits. Alar applied as a double spray early in the season or as a single or double spray late in the season was equally effective. Use of Alar as a preharvest drop spray provides great flexibility as it can be applied over a wide range of time. No undesirable side effects were noted from the use of Alar.
Accumulation of Simazine in Mulch Residue under Apple Trees and its Effect on Apple Rootstocks and Soil Microorganisms1
Authors: Lord W. J. , Gunner H. B. , Robinson D. E.
Published: September 2022

Simazine, especially from granular application, accumulated in hay mulch residue under apple trees and reduced soil contamination from this herbicide.

No marked build-up of simazine occurred in the soil. Simazine residues in soil ana mulch caused injury or death of EM VII rootstock, particularly after application in granular form.

Simazine in mulch had little influence on microbial populations. In soil, granular simazine increased numbers of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in the spring.
Preharvest Sprays with 2-Chloroethylphosphonic Acid to Degreen ‘Robinson’ and ‘Lee’ Tangerine Fruits
Authors: Young Roger , Jahn Otto , Cooper W. C. , Smoot J. J.
Published: September 2022

2-Chloroethylphosphonic acid (Ethrel) applied at 50 to 200 ppm as a preharvest spray, showed considerable promise in degreening ‘Robinson’ and ‘Lee’ tangerine fruit. The preharvest degreening resulted in less postharvest degreening time required for acceptable color and less fruit decay during storage. Ethrel concn between 100 and 200 ppm caused abscission of some old leaves, but had no apparent effect on external appearance other than color.
Pesticides and Pollution
Authors: Paul Larsen R.
Published: September 2022

No domestic issue since the depression of the 1930‘s has generated so much concern and emotion as “pollution. ” Like it or not, we as horticulturists are being swept along in an accelerating tide of public opinion against anything which may seem to add another gram of contamination to our earthly environment. In the public mind, pollution and pesticides have become synonymous. That is, pesticides are environmental poisons regardless of form, use or purpose. This unfortunate fear has been very effectively promoted by certain special interest groups who believe in strict protection and preservation of the environment, but only in accordance with their viewpoint.
Cold Injury as Related to Cultural Management and Possible Protective Devices for Dormant Peach Trees
Authors: Savage Earl F.
Published: September 2022

In the peach growing areas of southeastern United States, it is only occasionally that peach trees are cold injured in early winter. The fruit is harvested in July, and there are nearly 3-1/2 months during which the leaves remain active on the trees, replenishing carbohydrate reserves. The fall months are warm with little rainfall so that the trees enter the dormant season in a non-vigorous condition. In the normal season, sufficient hours of cold below 45°F have accumulated, usually by late January, to break the rest period of most peach varieties and during warm periods in late winter the trees gradually resume growth and become susceptible to injury from low temperature. Thus, cold injury to immature tissues in the Southeast usually occurs during late winter whereas cold injury in the northern states, unless it results from extremely low temperature, occurs in early winter.
Crop Protection by Heating, Wind Machines, and Overhead Irrigation1
Authors: Gerber J. F.
Published: September 2022

Cold weather can change the yield of fruit crops faster than any other factor. This change may range from mild effects to total disaster involving not only the current year’s crop, but also future year’s. Much effort has gone into the protection of fruit crops from the damage of cold weather by the producer; much less effort has been spent by the researcher. No doubt, a part of the reason is the multitude of disciplines that are required to solve the problem of prevention of cold injury by microclimatic modification.
Effects of Gibberellic Acid and Nitrogen on the Strawberry cv. ‘Redcoat’1
Authors: Blatt C. R. , Crouse D. N. A.
Published: September 2022

Field grown plants receiving gibberellic acid (GA) 4 weeks or 4 and 8 weeks after planting produced significantly more runners than the control. Compared with the controls, there were no significant vegetative or cropping differences due to rate of GA application. Increasing the rate of applied nitrogen increased runner, runner plant, and % leaf N values in greenhouse grown plants and a GA spray of 50 ppm combined with 120 ppm N gave the highest runner plant yield. Time of GA application was the significant factor in the vegetative response of this cultivar; however, compared with the control the increases were relatively small.
Cork Spot (Pit) of ‘Anjou’ Pear Related to Calcium Concentration in Fruit1
Authors: Mason J. L. , Welsh M. F.
Published: September 2022

Normal fruits of ‘Anjou’ pear and fruits with cork spot (pit) symptoms collected at harvest time from trees of various ages, were peeled, cored, and halved and the calyx ends analyzed for mineral nutrient concentration. Pitted fruits were significantly lower in Ca concentration, but there were no differences in Mg, K, Zn, Fe, Mn or Cu. Pitted fruits had a mean of 219 ppm Ca (dry-weight basis) with a range from 187 to 255 ppm. Normal fruits had a mean of 319 ppm with a range of 244 to 453 ppm.
Frost Protection with Foam Applied in Small Trenches
Authors: Heilman M. D. , Bartholic J. F. , Gonzalez C. L. , Farris B. M.
Published: September 2022

Foam was applied for frost protection to January planted cantaloupes (Cucumis melo L.) in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas. Two planting configurations consisting of shallow trenches and conventional beds were compared to evaluate volume of foam required and durability. The trench planting technique increased the foam’s durability and reduced the volume approximately three-fourths. The cost of foam application to a low profile crop in the shallow trenches was approximately $74.00 per hectare. Leaf temperature in the foamed trenches was up to 12°C warmer than nonfoamed conventional beds.
Horticultural Teaching nn Non-Baccalaureate Programs
Authors: Roberts Eliot C.
Published: September 2022

The topic “non-baccalaureate programs” has received increasing attention during the past year. The September 1968 issue of the Journal of the National Association of Colleges and Teachers of Agriculture features papers on this subject. The committee on Less-Than-Baccalaureate Degree Programs in Agriculture sponsored by RICOP issued proceedings of an October 1968 conference held at Pennsylvania State University entitled A National Conference for Less-Than-Baccalaureate Degree Programs in Agriculture. Interest in these programs reflects the need of the agricultural industry for the services of graduates at this level.
Generalised Gibbs Ensemble for spherically constrained harmonic models
Authors: Barbier Damien , Cugliandolo Leticia , Lozano Gustavo , Nessi Nicolas
Published: September 2022

We build and analytically calculate the Generalised Gibbs Ensemble
partition function of the integrable Soft Neumann Model. This is the
model of a classical particle which is constrained to move, on average
over the initial conditions, on an NN
dimensional sphere, and feels the effect of anisotropic harmonic
potentials. We derive all relevant averaged static observables in the
(thermodynamic) N\to\inftyN→∞
limit. We compare them to their long-term dynamic averages finding
excellent agreement in all phases of a non-trivial phase diagram
determined by the characteristics of the initial conditions and the
amount of energy injected or extracted in an instantaneous quench. We
discuss the implications of our results for the proper Neumann model in
which the spherical constraint is imposed strictly.
Detection and Segmentation of Lungs Regions Using CNN Combined with Levelset
Authors: Sousa Júnior Pedro Cavalcante , Souza Luís Fabrício de Freitas , Nascimento José Jerovane da Costa , Santos Lucas Oliveira , Marques Adriell Gomes , Ribeiro Francisco Eduardo Sales , Rebouças Filho Pedro Pedrosa
Published: September 2022

Lung diseases are among the leaders in ranking diseases that kill the most globally. A quick and accurate diagnosis made by a specialist doctor facilitates the treatment of the disease and can save lives. In recent decades, an area that has gained strength in computing has been the aid to medical diagnosis. Several techniques were created to help health professionals in their work using Computer Vision Techniques and Machine Learning. This work presents a method of lung segmentation based on deep learning and computer vision techniques to aid in the medical diagnosis of lung diseases. The method uses the Detectron2 convolutional neural network for detection, which obtained 99.89% accuracy for detecting the pulmonary region. It was then combined with the LevelSet method for segmentation, which got 99.32% accuracy in segmentation in Lung Computed Tomography images being equivalent in state of the art, surpassing different deep learning models for segmentation.
Perioperative anxiety in patients undergoing septorhinoplasty
Authors: DEĞİRMENCİ Nazan
Published: September 2022

Aim: Septorhinoplasty is a frequently performed surgery in otolaryngology clinics that may induce perioperative anxiety in patients. Although such anxiety is considered a normal part of the surgical experience, it has negative consequences. This study aimed to evaluate the perioperative depression, anxiety, and postoperative pain scores of patients who underwent septorhinoplasty, as knowing this information has the potential to improve their recovery process.Methods: A total of 46 patients who underwent septorhinoplasty in 2019–2021 were included in this prospective study. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to measure anxiety and depression, and the Visual Analog Scale was used to measure patients’ postoperative pain (POP).Results: A comparison of preoperative and first postoperative day HADS-A scores revealed a significant decrease in the scores (p=0.001). HADS-A and HADS-D scores decreased significantly after internal nasal splints were removed (p<0.05). A positive correlation was found between postoperative HADS-A scores and POP values (p<0.001).Conclusion: Perioperative anxiety should be mindfully considered in patients undergoing septorhinoplasty. Early removal of the internal nasal splints may reduce patients’ anxiety.
ANÁLISE DOS NÍVEIS DE NITRATO NAS ÁGUAS URBANAS DE SÃO GONÇALO DA AMARANTE/RN ENTRE 2016 E 2019
Authors: Justino Felipe , Troleis Adriano Lima
Published: September 2022

O estudo avalia as possíveis alterações que o processo de urbanização espontâneo pode ter ocasionado na qualidade das águas distribuídas para consumo humano das áreas urbanas do município de São Gonçalo do Amarante/RN. Para isto realizou-se a análise e espacialização dos dados referentes ao parâmetro Nitrato (NO³) obtidos através do monitoramento contínuo de qualidade de água realizado pelo Serviço Autônomo de Água e Esgoto de São Gonçalo do Amarante (SAAE) entre 2016 e 2019. Os resultados indicam a presença de contaminação de origem orgânica, em diferentes níveis, em todos os pontos analisados na área de estudo, apontando a necessidade de intervenção do poder público e da concessionária devido às águas captadas serem destinadas ao consumo humano e a sua contaminação pode trazer sérios riscos à saúde da população.
Impact of Coumarin Hybrids upon Imperative Clinical Targets against Cancer
Authors: Bhatia Rohit , Singh Amandeep , Kumar Bhupinder , Rawal Ravindra K.
Published: September 2022

The severity, prevalence, and complexity of cancer do not need any
introduction at present. The coumarin scaffold has been explored intermittently for its
anti-cancer potential for a long time, and continuous research is further in progress. The
concept of molecular hybridization has opened new doors towards the design and
development of therapeutic candidates, capable of binding to multiple targets. This has
been proven to be a promising approach for diseases with complex pathophysiology
involving a variety of targets. In this direction, several research groups have explored
the therapeutic potentials of coumarin and its derivatives against cancer. Coumarin
possesses multiple sites for substitution/tethering/fusion, providing ease for
constructing coumarin hybrid molecules. Coumarin and its derivatives have the ability
to exert anti-cancer activity by interacting/binding with several targets, including
aromatase, sulphatase, protein kinases, telomerase, carbonic anhydrase, caspases,
SERD (selective estrogen receptor downregulators), tubulin, phosphoinositide 3-
kinases (PI3K), topoisomerase and hormones. These targets are involved in complex
pathological events during the development of cancer. Several heterocyclic moieties
beyond coumarin are also capable of binding to one or more of these targets. Therefore,
conjuring such a heterocycle with coumarin moiety is an ideal approach to target more
than one target simultaneously. In this chapter, the authors have highlighted important
targets along with their significance in the development of cancer. A description of
reported potent anti-cancer coumarin hybrids (in the past five years) inhibiting/interacting with particular targets has been provided. Although there is a tremendous
advancement in developing hybrid molecules against cancer, still no suitable candidate
has been launched in the market for a long time. So, further clinical and toxicological
investigations on reported lead molecules should be carried out on priority.
Progress in Nitrogen and Sulphur-based Heterocyclic Compounds for their Anticancer Activity
Authors: Koli Preeti , Singh Rajesh K.
Published: September 2022

Cancer is a widespread disease worldwide. Researchers and scientists have
been giving much attention to the drug design and drug discovery of nitrogen (N) and
sulfur (S)-based heterocyclic compounds in the last decade. These heteroatoms
containing heterocyclic compounds have an imperative role in medicinal chemistry in
developing new anticancer drugs. These N and S-based heterocyclic compounds such
as pyrrole, quinazoline, thiadiazole, and quinoline are widely used in the rational drug
design for anticancer drugs with a favorable therapeutic index. They inhibit the
cancerous cells by different mechanisms like inhibiting FGFR, VEGFR, EGFR
receptors and inducing apoptosis. They also act as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor,
dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma inhibitor, and
PI3K inhibitor. This chapter highlights the SAR study of recent literature (2016-2020)
in which N and S heterocyclic compounds are present as core structures in molecules.
This chapter also emphasizes the benefits of hybrid molecules acting on multiple target
mechanisms. In the future, N and S- based heterocyclic compounds will be essential
lead compounds for the designing of new anticancer drugs.
Machine learning algorithm model for predicting heart failure and all-cause death in peritoneal dialysis patients (Preprint)
Authors: Xu Liping , Lin Miao , Liu Weihua , Gao Meizhu , Li Zhang , Ruan Yiping , Hong Fuyuan
Published: September 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

Objective The study presented here aimed to establish a predictive model for heart failure and all-cause mortality in PD patients with machine learning algorithm. Methods The baseline clinical variables of 606 patients on PD were collected. We implemented machine learning algorithm to construct the models to predictive the risk of the heart failure and all-cause mortality. In addition, the prediction performance of machine learning methods and cox regression was compared. Results Over a median follow-up of 49 months.298 patients developed heart failure required hospitalization. According to randomforest model (AUC=0.82), the risk factors were cci2, SBP, BMI, etc. 79 patients developed heart failure during the first year follow-up. According to randomforest (AUC=0.82) model, the risk factors were BMI, age, SBP, etc. 246 patients developed heart failure during 5-year follow-up. According to xgboost (AUC=0.81) model, the risk factors were cci score, BMI, SBP，etc. The machine learning model (AUC =0.885) demonstrated better discrimination than cox regression (C-Index=0.77) for heart failure. Regarding all-cause mortality, 199 patients died during the follow-up. According to randomforest model (AUC=0.86), the risk factors predicting death were age, cci score, creatinine, etc. 64 patients died during the first year follow-up. According to xgboost model (AUC=0.84), the predictive risk factors for 1-year all-cause mortality were age, HDL-C, Total cholesterol, etc. A total of 161 patients died during 5-year follow-up. According to randomforest model (AUC=0.84), the predictive risk factors were age, cci score, eGFR, etc. The machine learning model (AUC=0.83) demonstrated better discrimination than cox regression (C-Index=0.79) for all-cause mortality. Conclusion We developed a novel method to predict the risks of heart failure and all-cause mortality on PD patients that integrates readily available clinical, laboratory variables.
Estado de excepción y pandemia de violencia en México
Authors: Azaola Garrido Elena
Published: September 2022

Este trabajo traza el panorama de graves violaciones a los derechos humanos que enfrenta México y analiza los efectos de políticas de seguridad durante los últimos años. Conceptos propuestos por especialistas de diversas disciplinas ayudan a crear un marco de referencia para entender la pandemia de violencia que hasta ahora no ha sido posible contener. Se concluye que se debe construir un nuevo modelo de seguridad basado en instituciones de carácter civil, así como fortalecer las capacidades y mejorar el desempeño, tanto de las instituciones de justicia, como de los organismos públicos y de la sociedad civil de derechos humanos.
Infidelidad en jóvenes universitarios: relaciones interpersonales y comportamiento sexual a partir del análisis de variables proximales
Authors: Peña Peña Aníbal Uriel , MENDOZA  GONZÁLEZ BRENDA
Published: September 2022

La infidelidad es un fenómeno multicausal, con consecuencias individuales, familiares y sociales, que afectan la salud física y la emocional. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar a grupos de jóvenes universitarios con relación de pareja en el último año, a partir de la variable infidelidad y describir sus características desde variables proximales. En la investigación participaron 172 mujeres y 44 hombres de entre 18 y 30 años. Se midieron las variables infidelidad, manejo del conflicto, comunicación, celos y conducta sexual. Como resultado se identificaron tres grupos con particularidades diferentes: “deseo de infidelidad emocional” quienes establecen vínculos románticos; “no infieles” que no cometen adulterio e “infieles sexuales” que son aquellas personas que practican la infidelidad sexual; concluyendo que los “no infieles” son menos celosos, se comunican asertivamente y resuelven conflictos de pareja más efectivamente en contraste con los “infieles sexuales”.
O ponto cego de Madame Bovary
Authors: Bange Patrick
Published: September 2022

O artigo examina o estilo indireto livre de Gustave Flaubert, lendo-o como um gancho (com Georges Bataille) que impede o leitor de escorregar de vez para dentro do mundo interno dessa célebre personagem, Emma Bovary, e acompanhando, na casa das máquinas do romance, as inquietações do autor, que precisa se levantar e como que tomar alguma distância para não se perder na obra. Esse "ataque de nervos" está fora, mas está dentro da obra, sobretudo quando Emma se aproxima de um cego. Proponho, então, relendo a cena da morte, haver um ponto psicótico, impulsionado pela tensão entre Emma e o cego, ponto em que a narrativa alucina. Walter Benjamin, Jean-Pierre Vernant e Erik Porge dão as condições para uma leitura a contrapelo do romance realista.
Why We Need Black-feminist Poetry
Authors: Foscolo Guilherme , Adão Alessandra Barbosa
Published: September 2022

This essay aims at a double goal: reconstructing the problem of  how Enlightenment created and sharpened the conceptual weapons that made possible the European colonialist/slavery-machine (reframing thus universal history as a project of universalization of European/colonialist reason); and arguing how black-feminist poetry plays a fundamental anti-colonial role not only in exposing/forcing into review colonialist/racist thought, but also in creating non-totalitarian worlds of possibilities. Mostly, these two poles are put in motion in a non-systematic argumentative movement: our medium of/for reflection are an assembly of Theodor Adorno’s philosophy and black-feminist poetry and thought. The analyses of Brazilian black-feminist inventions – particularly, Conceição Evaristo’s concept of “escrevivência”, Priscila Rezende’s Bombril (2010) performance and Tamara Franklin’s videoclip for Wakanda (2019) – is meant to allow for an innovative take on Adorno’s concept of art as social monad, which will be revisited in view of the key-concepts of technopolitics/technopoiesis.
Mostra-me como gozas e te direi quem és!: A pedagogia sexual de Georges Bataille e Janaina Leite
Authors: Pessoa Patrick
Published: September 2022

“Qual é a sua relação com a pornografia?” Essa pergunta, endereçada diretamente ao público, é o fio condutor do espetáculo História do olho: um conto de fadas pornô-noir, escrito e dirigido por Janaina Leite com base no romance de Georges Bataille. Este ensaio realiza uma análise da História do olho de Janaina Leite à luz do romance de Bataille. Nele são reveladas possíveis articulações entre as assim chamadas “perversões sexuais” e a sexualidade infantil, entre a pornografia e o circo, entre a performance e a comédia.
Voz y resistencia
Authors: Locoselli Larissa Fostinone , Usaquin Angélica Moreno , Bravo Laura Alejandra Lemos
Published: September 2022

Las canciones a veces nos sorprenden, traen cargados algunos mensajes que detonan en determinados momentos. “No azara”, composición creada en mayo de 2021 en medio de un Paro Nacional en Colombia, ha sido creada por la cantautora latinoamericana Laura Ramírez Ocampo y hace eco de la protesta social de un sector muy importante de la sociedad. Hemos escogido hacer un análisis discursivo de la canción para vislumbrar y evidenciar sentidos que entran en juego en la acción y resistencia de los pueblos. El análisis se llevará a partir del propio recorrido que hace la canción, en cada frase de las siete estrofas de la obra, y se tendrá en cuenta: la construcción del sujeto de la resistencia en la letra de la canción, a partir de las memorias de sentido convocadas en ella, frente al contexto socio-histórico (en especial algunos aspectos histórico-políticos y culturales de Colombia), la performance musical y vocal). Articula nuestro análisis el hecho de que asumimos una lectura de la canción desde el feminismo, de modo que le proponemos un diálogo con el pensamiento feminista afrolatinoamericano de Lélia Gonzalez, la perspectiva del feminismo para el 99% planteada en el manifiesto de Cinzia Arruzza, Tithi Bhattacharya y Nancy Fraser y, finalmente, la mirada decolonial acerca de la cuestión del género, a partir de María Lugones y Françoise Vergès.
Population Genetics of Parasites and Their Arthropod Hosts
Authors: Bezányiová Kateřina , Straka Jakub
Published: September 2022

In comparison to organisms parasitising vertebrates, parasites of
arthropods are direly understudied despite their abundance, importance,
and potential usefulness. Due to their close relationship and
coevolution with the host, parasites can be used as tools allowing the
inference of information on host life history, ecology, and past events
the host species has experienced. Even though parasites comprise a
diverse assemblage of taxa, it is possible to identify convergent
patterns in their genetic population structure. Predictions of congruent
population genetic co-structuring between hosts and parasites can be
thus based on a few traits such as host specificity, life cycle
complexity or parasite and/or host dispersal. The parasite may even
provide better resolution of population structure than the host itself,
serving as a proxy that can be used to direct conservation projects of
both the host and parasite. Our review provides an overview of known
cases of host-parasite population co-structuring in arthropods,
identifies their common patterns, and discusses practical applications
of these findings.
Clinical and Paraclinical Characteristics of Fatalities due to Influenza A (H1N1) Virus in Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Hasannezhad Malihe , Alijani Neda , Zoorpaikar Mostafa , Tootee Ali , Tirgar Samane
Published: September 2022

Background: H1N1 influenza has a high mortality rate due to its
potentially life-threatening complications. The current study aims to
investigate the relationship between the outcomes of the disease and
clinical, paraclinical, and imaging findings in patients with H1N1
influenza. Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study carried
out at Imam Khomeini Hospital, Iran, medical records of 64 patients
hospitalized from 21 March to 21 September 2019 were analyzed. Recorded
clinical information and paraclinical and imaging findings of the
patients were extracted and compared with the course of their disease.
Clinical outcomes were defined as the death or survival of the patients.
The data were analyzed using the SPSS software. Results: The mortality
rate in the patient was 9.4% (6 patients). 81% had the following
concurrent predisposing diseases: hypertension (17.8%), cardiovascular
disease (13.7%), and diabetes mellitus (11%). Approximately 80%
(51%) had received oseltamivir. In the patients, the most common
presentations were cough (13.4%), fever (13.2%), and myalgia (10.8%).
In the deceased patients, the oxygen saturation was decreased (P=0.037),
and the pulse rate (P=0.012), respiratory rate (P<0.0001),
alkaline phosphatase levels (P=0.001), and ALT levels (P=0.003) were
increased. In the CT scan reports, in more than 53% of the patients,
all lung lobes were involved with ill-defined margins in 94% of the
patients, with the most common sites of the lesion being central and
peripheral (27%) and posterior (22%) regions. Conclusion: Oxygen
saturation, pulse rate, breathing rate, and laboratory findings (ALP and
ALT) can predict the prognostic of the patients with H1N1 influenza.
Host plant chemistry enhances herbivore cellular immunity with differential effectiveness against two parasitoid species
Authors: Ghosh Enakshi , Ode Paul , Paul Ryan
Published: September 2022

Insect herbivores must simultaneously balance bottom-up effects of plant
defensive chemistry and the top-down effects of natural enemies. At the
intersection of these effects are herbivore immune systems, an herbivore
trait that has largely been overlooked in studies of plant-insect
interactions. Counter to the majority of studies showing that herbivores
feeding on plants containing higher levels of toxins are
immunocompromised, we demonstrate that Pieris rapae caterpillars feeding
on more toxic host plants have enhanced cellular immunity at the cost of
reduced growth rates and body size. However, whether enhanced immune
systems are effective defense against parasitoids depends on parasitoid
identity. Whereas enhanced immunity provided increased protection
against the parasitoid Cotesia glomerata, it did not provide protection
against C. rubecula that suppressed and evaded the host’s immune system.
Our study demonstrates that both herbivore immunity and species identity
of trophic participants are crucial in determining the structure of
multitrophic interactions.
The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on consumer savings and retail sales: Evidence from a postcommunist transition economy
Authors: Harri Ardian , Imami Drini , Zhllima Edvin
Published: September 2022

When coupled with strong external shocks such as COVID-19, the high levels of
uncertainty that characterise fragile economies can have a strong impact on
household consumption and saving behaviour. This paper analyses household
consumption and saving behaviour in conjunction with COVID-19 in the context
of a post-communist economy. Models and intervention analysis are used to
identify the effect of catastrophic events such as the COVID-19 pandemic on
two key macroeconomic measures for the Albanian economy. The findings show
that the pandemic period caused a significant contraction of consumer
spending and a significant increase in savings. Higher uncertainty appears
to have been a key driver of such household behaviour. The effect on savings
will endure in the long run, while retail trade is expected to recover.
These findings call for a more astute use of fiscal and monetary policies to
address the harmful emerging short-run effect of reduced household spending.