To Which World Regions Does the Valence-Dominance Model of Social Perception Apply?
Authors: Jones Benedict C , DeBruine Lisa Marie , Flake Jessica Kay , Liuzza Marco Tullio , Antfolk Jan , Arinze Nwadiogo Chisom , Ndukaihe Izuchukwu Lawrence Gabriel , Bloxsom Nicholas , Lewis Savannah C , Foroni Francesco , Willis Megan , Cubillas Carmelo P. , Vadillo Miguel A. , Gilead Michael , Simchon Almog , Saribay Selahattin Adil , Owsley Nicholas Calbraith , Calvillo Dustin P , Wlodarczyk Anna , Qi Yue , Ariyabuddhiphongs Kris , Jarukasemthawee Somboon , Manley Harry , Suavansri Panita , Taephant Nattasuda , Stolier Ryan Mayer , Evans Thomas Rhys , Bonick Judson , Lindemans Jan Willem , Ashworth Logan Fox , Chevallier Coralie , Kapucu Aycan , Karaaslan Aslan , Leongómez Juan David , Sánchez Oscar R. , Valderrama Escallón Eugenio , Vásquez-Amézquita Milena , Aczel Balazs , Hajdu Nandor , Szecsi Peter , Andreychik Michael , Musser Erica D. , Batres Carlota , Chuan-Peng Hu , Liu Qing-Lan , Legate Nicole , Vaughn Leigh Ann , Barzykowski Krystian , Golik Karolina , Schmid Irina , Stieger Stefan , Artner Richard , Mues Chiel , vanpaemel wolf , Jiang Zhongqing , Wu Qi , Marcu Gabriela Mariana , Stephen Ian D , Lu Jackson G. , Philipp Michael Carl , Arnal Jack Dennis , Hehman Eric , Xie Sally Y , Chopik William J. , Seehuus Martin , Azouaghe Soufian , Belhaj Abdelkarim , Elouafa Jamal , Wilson John Paul , Kruse Elliott Tyler , Papadatou-Pastou Marietta , Barba-Sanchez Alan , DE LA ROSA GOMEZ ANABEL , G-Santoyo Isaac , Hsu Tsuyueh , Kung Chun-Chia , Hsiao-Hsin Wang , Freeman Jonathan B. , Oh DongWon , Schei Vidar , Sverdrup Therese E , Levitan Carmel , Cook Corey L. , Chandel Priyanka , Kujur Pratibha , Parganiha Arti , Parveen Noorshama , Pati Atanu Kumar , Pradhan Sraddha , Singh Margaret Messiah , Pande Babita , Bavolar Jozef , Kačmár Pavol , Zakharov Ilya , Solas Sara Álvarez , Baskin Ernest , Thirkettle Martin , Schmidt Kathleen , Christopherson Cody D , Suchow Jordan W , Olofsson Jonas , Lee Ai-Suan , Beaudry Jennifer L , Gogan Taylor Diarmuid , Oldmeadow Julian , Dixson Barnaby , Stevens Laura , Ribeiro Gianni , Brandt Mark John , Hoyer Karlijn , Jaeger Bastian , Ren Dongning , Sleegers Willem W. A. , Wissink Joeri , Kaminski Gwenael , Floerke Victoria A. , Urry Heather L. , Chen Sau-Chin , Pfuhl Gerit , Vally Zahir , Basnight-Brown Dana , IJzerman Hans , Sarda Elisa , Badidi Touhami , Van der Linden Nicolas , Tan Chrystalle B. Y. , Kovic Vanja , Colloff Melissa Fay , Flowe Heather D , Burin DI , Gardiner Gwendolyn , Protzko John , Schild Christoph , Scigala Karolina , Zettler Ingo , Kunz Erin O'Mara , Storage Daniel , Wagemans Fieke Maria Antoinet , Saunders Blair , Sirota Miroslav , Sloane Guyan , Lima Tiago Jessé Souza , Uittenhove Kim , Vergauwe Evie , Jaworska Katarzyna , Carvalho Lilian , Ask Karl , van Zyl Casper J J , Körner Anita , Weissgerber Sophia Christin , Boudesseul Jordane , Ruiz-Dodobara Fernando , Ritchie Kay L. , Michalak Nicholas Michael , Blake Khandis , White David , Gordon-Finlayson Alasdair R , Anne Michele , Janssen Steve M. J. , Lee Kean Mun , Nielsen Tonje Kvande , Tamnes Christian K. , Zickfeld Janis , Dalla Rosa Anna , Kocsor Ferenc , Kozma Luca , Putz Adam , Tressoldi Patrizio , Vianello Michelangelo , Irrazabal Natalia , Chatard Armand , Lins Samuel , Pinto Isabel Rocha , Lutz Johannes , Adamkovic Matus , Babinčák Peter , Baník Gabriel , Ropovik Ivan , Coetzee Vinet , Peters Kim Olivia , Steffens Niklas K , Tan Kokwei , Wei Tan Kok , Thorstenson Christopher A , Fernandez Ana Maria , Hsu Rafael M.C.S. , Valentova Jaroslava Varella , Varella Marco Antonio Correa , Corral-Frías Nadia Saraí , Frías-Armenta Martha , Hatami Javad , Monajem Arash , Sharifian MohammadHasan , Frohlich Brooke , Lin Hause , Inzlicht Michael , Lamm Claus , Pronizius Ekaterina , Voracek Martin , Olsen Jerome , Mac Giolla Erik , Akgoz Aysegul , Özdoğru Asil Ali , Crawford Matthew T , Bennett-Day Brooke , Koehn Monica A , Okan Ceylan , Ansari Daniel , Gill Tripat , Miller Jeremy K. , Dunham Yarrow , Yang Xin , Alper Sinan , Alaei Ravin , Lucia Martha , Sun Juncai Jun , Danvers Alexander Francois , Dranseika Vilius , Gilboa-Schechtman Eva , Hahn Amanda C , Jang Chaning , Marshall Tara , McCarthy Randy J. , Muñoz-Reyes José Antonio , Muñoz-reyes JA , Neyroud Lison , Polo Pablo , Rule Nicholas , Shiramizu Victor Kenji Medeiros , Tiantian Dong , Turiegano Enrique , Yan Wen-Jing , Balas Benjamin , Ferreira Paulo RS , Junger Julia , Mburu Georgina W , Sampaio Waldir M. , Santos Diana R , Gulgoz Sami , Stern Julia , Forscher Patrick S. , Chartier Christopher R. , Coles Nicholas Alvaro 
Published: July 2018

Over the past 10 years, Oosterhof and Todorov’s valence–dominance model has emerged as the most prominent account of how people evaluate faces on social dimensions. In this model, two dimensions (valence and dominance) underpin social judgements of faces. Because this model has primarily been developed and tested in Western regions, it is unclear whether these findings apply to other regions. We addressed this question by replicating Oosterhof and Todorov’s methodology across 11 world regions, 41 countries and 11,570 participants. When we used Oosterhof and Todorov’s original analysis strategy, the valence–dominance model generalized across regions. When we used an alternative methodology to allow for correlated dimensions, we observed much less generalization. Collectively, these results suggest that, while the valence–dominance model generalizes very well across regions when dimensions are forced to be orthogonal, regional differences are revealed when we use different extraction methods and correlate and rotate the dimension reduction solution.