bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
„Women: This is Your Job!”. Słów kilka o aktywności Amerykanek w I wojnie światowej
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Parafianowicz Halina
Published: March 2021

Artykuł dotyczy udziału Amerykanek w wysiłku wojennym Stanów Zjednoczonych podczas I wojny światowej w świetle poczytnego magazynu „The Ladies’ Home Journal”. Od kwietnia 1917 r., w związku z wypowiedzeniem wojny Niemcom, ruch amerykańskich sufrażystek stanął przed nowymi wyzwaniami i zadaniami. Na fali powszechnego patriotycznego zrywu niektóre działaczki kobiece, m.in. z National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) uznały, że w zaistniałej sytuacji należy poprzeć politykę rządu. W ramach National Council of Defense powołano oddzielną sekcję – Woman’s Committe (Komitet Kobiecy), którą kierowała Anna Howard Shaw, znana lekarka i zasłużona sufrażystka, honorowa przewodnicząca NAWSA. W kolejnych miesiącach wojny Komitet Kobiecy korzystał z „gościnności” redakcji „The Ladies’ Home Journal” propagując na jego łamach zaangażowanie Amerykanek i ich wsparcie wysiłku wojennego Stanów Zjednoczonych. W artykułach i felietonach zachęcano do różnych form obywatelskiej i patriotycznej aktywności, m.in. poprzez akcję oszczędzania żywności (hooverize), prace charytatywne, zakładanie ogródków wojennych, pomoc farmerom w sezonie letnim, etc. Liczne apele kierowano do dziewcząt i kobiet, zachęcając do pracy w Amerykańskim Czerwonym Krzyżu oraz Youth Women Christian Association (YWCA), a także w Salvation Army. Czas wojny stworzył dla Amerykanek okazję nie tylko na zademonstrowanie zaangażowanego patriotyzmu, ale i szanse na wkraczanie wielu z nich w obszary aktywności i do zawodów zdominowanych przez mężczyzn.
Cushing’s disease: Does low-dose pasireotide offer a comparable efficacy and safety to high-dose?
Authors: Wong Mimi , Malabu Usman H , Korah Ipeson , Tan YongMong
Published: March 2021

Whilst literature is expanding on pasireotide use in the management of Cushing’s disease (CD), there is still currently much unknown about long-term and low-dose pasireotide use in CD. We present a 60-year-old female with residual CD after transphenoidal surgery (TSS), being successfully managed with S.C. pasireotide for over 10 years. For 6 years, her S.C. pasireotide was inadvertently administered at 360 µg twice daily (BID), almost half the recommended dose of 600 µg BID. Despite the low-dose, her urinary free cortisol (UFC) normalised within 6 months and Cushingoid features resolved. She remained in biochemical and clinical remission on the same low-dose for 6 years, before a medication audit discovered her mistaken dose and directed her to take 600 µg BID. With the higher dose 600 µg BID for the next 5 years, her glycaemia worsened without any changes in her UFC and residual tumour volume. Our case showed the continuing effectiveness and safety of treatment with S.C. pasireotide for more than 10 years, and that a low-dose regimen may be considered an option for responders by its safety profile.

Learning points:

A lower dose of pasireotide may be effective in the initial treatment of CD than the recommended 600 µg BID dosage, though more studies are required to explore this.

Low-dose pasireotide use has the benefit of minimising adverse effects.

In the long-term, pasireotide has a sustained clinical and biochemical effect and is well tolerated.
El acaparamiento de tierras de China desde la ecología-mundo: la búsqueda de soja, arroz y caña de azúcar baratos y los límites a la acumulación de capital
Authors: Mora Sol Yamila
Published: March 2021

La oleada de inversiones en tierras desatada por la escalada en el precio de los alimentos durante el siglo XXI fue paralela a la prioridad que la República Popular China asignó al control de tierras a fin de responder a la demanda de alimentos de su población, acentuada por su consolidación como un polo de acumulación global. Este trabajo adopta el enfoque de ecología-mundo de Jason Moore para indagar las implicancias del acaparamiento de tierras de China con finalidad alimentaria alrededor del mundo sobre el proceso de acumulación capitalista. Para ello, estudia sus inversiones en tierras en el exterior para la producción de soja, arroz y caña de azúcar, en el período 2000-2019, en base a información extraída de la base de datos Land Matrix.
Se argumenta que el acaparamiento de tierras de China expresa e intensifica las contradicciones en el proceso de acumulación. Por un lado, supone una expansión de la participación del agronegocio chino en el sistema alimentario financiarizado para apropiarse de las tierras indispensables para responder a las necesidades alimentarias de sus trabajadores y su clase media. No obstante, por el otro, los altos costos que la crisis ambiental impone a esos proyectos no solo limitan su ejecución, sino también las posibilidades de una nueva expansión del capitalismo.
El primer apartado caracteriza el acaparamiento de tierras a partir de las nociones de comida barata y hegemonía del capital financiero. Además, introduce el concepto de valor negativo. Tras ello, se desarrollan las razones de las inversiones en tierras de China en función de su posición como polo de acumulación global. La tercera sección se concentra en el acaparamiento de tierras de China para la producción de soja, arroz y caña de azúcar. Finalmente, se reflexiona sobre los límites ambientales a la acumulación de capital mediante el acaparamiento de tierras.
Monotone iterative technique for time-space fractional diffusion equations involving delay
Authors: Li Qiang , Wang Guotao , Wei Mei
Published: March 2021

This paper considers the initial boundary value problem for the time-space fractional delayed diffusion equation with fractional Laplacian. By using the semigroup theory of operators and the monotone iterative technique, the existence and uniqueness of mild solutions for the abstract time-space evolution equation with delay under some quasimonotone conditions are obtained. Finally, the abstract results are applied to the time-space fractional delayed diffusion equation with fractional Laplacian operator, which improve and generalize the recent results of this issue.
Existence theorem for integral inclusions by a fixed point theorem for multivalued implicit-type contractive mappings
Authors: Ali Muhammad Usman , Pitea Ariana
Published: March 2021

In this article, we introduce fixed point theorems for multivalued mappings satisfying implicit-type contractive conditions based on a special form of simulation functions. We also provide an application of our result in integral inclusions. Our outcomes generalize/extend many existing fixed point results.
THE OPPOSITION BETWEEN LAW AND GRACE IN THE SPIRITUAL EXPERIENCE OF PIERRE BEZUKHOV IN WAR AND PEACE BY L. N. TOLSTOY
Authors: Kondratiev Alexander , Merinov Kirill
Published: March 2021

The problem of understanding Russian literature implies a grasp of the author’s concept of a human being, rooted in the spiritual tradition of Russian culture. Scientific analysis of the artistic refraction of the religious and philosophical opposition between Law and Grace, the divine power that saves from sin, in the formation of the character expands the idea of the semantic depths of the work, which open up new meanings in the “big time”. The idea of War and Peace was conditioned by the challenges of the cultural and historical turning point in the spiritual experience of the Russian people. In assessing events and people, Tolstoy is guided by the Christian tradition of the Russian culture. The previously undisputed assessment of the blessed results of Pierre Bezukhov’s spiritual biography needs to be clarified based on the conclusions and provisions of the Christian basis of Russian literature. Prince Andrey and Bezukhov were not accepted by the high society, but managed to find common ground. However, Bolkonsky’s interest in lawmaking faded after meeting Natasha, and when the war began, he refused Kutuzov’s proposal, felt responsibility for the doomed soldiers, forgave Kuragin in a Christian way and asked for the Gospel before dying, while Bezukhov never became Peter Kirillovich and was focused on self-determination in the subordinate spheres of earthly life, actualizing the importance of human efforts for the transformation of society. Bezukhov had never made a moral choice between Law and Grace, unlike Bolkonsky, who blessed his son. Thus, the title of the book appeals to the eternal Christian opposition of Law, or war, and Grace that is peace.
Influence of electrolyte additive of trimethylsilylisocyanate on properties of electrode with nanosilicon for lithium-ion batteries
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kuksenko S. P. , Kaleniuk H. O. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Tarasenko Yu. O. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kartel M. T. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: March 2021

Even partial replacement of graphite in the anode of lithium-ion batteries with silicon can significantly increase their specific energy. But the issue is the insufficient life cycle of such batteries due to the accelerated degradation of the liquid organic electrolyte with traditional lithium hexafluorophosphate, especially at elevated temperatures. The subject of discussions and further research are the processes involving a natural oxide layer on the surface of silicon in the manufacture and electrochemical litiation–delitiation of Si-containing electrodes. Among the most promising areas for solving the issues of practical application of silicon are new additives to the electrolyte and polymeric binders for electrode masses. This paper demonstrates the capability of trimethylsilylisocyanate (with aminosilane and isocyanate functional groups) as an additive to a liquid organic electrolyte (LiPF6 / fluoroethylene carbonate + ethyl methyl carbonate + vinylene carbonate + ethylene sulfite) to scavenge the reactive HF and PF5 species that alleviates the thermal decomposition of fluoroethylene carbonate at elevated temperatures. This makes it possible to increase the electrochemical parameters of half-cells with a hybrid graphite–nanosilicon working electrode when using water-based binders – carboxymethylcellulose and styrene-butadiene rubber. The addition of trimethylsilylisocyanate in the electrolyte significantly improves the reversible capacity of hybrid electrodes and reduces the accumulated irreversible capacity during prolonged cycling at normal temperature and after exposure at 50 °C, therefore to be effective for use in high-energy lithium-ion batteries.
Species of the genus Epilobium (Onagraceae) in plant communities in Ukraine
Authors:   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Fedoronchuk M.M. , Klimovych N.B. ,   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: March 2021

To assess the coenotic peculiarities of species of the genus Epilobium (Onagraceae), in particular their coenotic amplitudes in the syntaxa of vegetation of Ukraine, 986 relevés from literature sources were analyzed. The names of syntaxa are provided in accordance with the Prodromus of the vegetation of Ukraine. Species of the genus Epilobium are widely represented in many plant communities and participate in the formation of natural, semi-natural and ruderal coenoses, where they are often diagnostic or characteristic species of associations, alliances, orders and classes of vegetation, or only present in their floristic composition. Epilobium species are present in 28 classes, which is evidence of their broad coenotic amplitudes and representation in different vegetation types: wetland, grassland, halophytic, forest, shrubs, chasmophytic, alpine, and anthropogenic (synanthropic). The widest coenotic amplitudes were revealed in such species as: E. hirsutum, E. palustre, E. angustifolium, E. parviflorum, E. tetragonum, E. montanum, E. alsinifolium, and E. collinum. According to the range of coenotic amplitude, all species can be subdivided into three groups: hemistenotopic, which occur within one class (E. adenocaulon, E. dodonaei, E. lamyi, E. nutans), hemi-eurytopic (within two or three classes) – E. alpestre, E. roseum, and eurytopic (within more than three classes) – E. alsinifolium, E. angustifolium, E. collinum, E. hirsutum, E. montanum, E. palustre, E. parviflorum, E. tetragonum. As for participation of species in the coenosis, the vast majority of them are assectators, and only a small portion can be temporary edificators (in some groups, at certain successive stages of vegetation development: E. angustifolium). Plants of Epilobium species can reproduce rapidly, both vegetatively and by seeds, which promotes their active colonization of new habitats. However, they usually do not tolerate increased shading and coenotic competition with other plant species, so their strategy is mainly ruderal.
Comparing Patterns of Care for Febrile Infants at Community and University-Affiliated Hospitals
Authors: Cane Rachel , Kerns Ellen , Maskin Lauren , Natt Beth , Sieczkowski Lisa , Biondi Eric , McCulloh Russell J.
Published: March 2021

OBJECTIVES:

Most children in the United States receive treatment in community hospitals, but descriptions of clinical practice patterns in pediatric care in this setting are lacking. Our objectives were to compare clinical practice patterns primarily between community and university-affiliated hospitals and secondarily by number of pediatric beds before and during participation in a national practice standardization project.

METHODS:

We performed a retrospective secondary analysis on data from 126 hospitals that participated in the American Academy of Pediatrics’ Value in Inpatient Pediatrics Reducing Excessive Variability in the Infant Sepsis Evaluation project, a national quality improvement project conducted to improve care for well-appearing febrile infants aged 7 to 60 days. Four use measures were compared by hospital type and by number of non-ICU pediatric beds.

RESULTS:

There were no differences between community and university-affiliated hospitals in the odds of hospital admission, average length of stay, or odds of cerebrospinal fluid culture. The odds of chest radiograph at community hospitals were higher only during the baseline period. There were no differences by number of pediatric beds in odds of admission or average length of stay. For hospitals with ≤30 pediatric beds, the odds of chest radiograph were higher and the odds of cerebrospinal fluid culture were lower compared with hospitals >50 beds during both study periods.

CONCLUSIONS:

In many key aspects, care for febrile infants does not differ between community and university-affiliated hospitals. Clinical practice may differ more by number of pediatric beds.
Detection of non-polio and polio enteroviruses in Acute Flaccid Paralysis surveillance in Turkey
Authors: Korukluoglu Gulay , Ozdemirer Umit , Bayrakdar Fatma , Unal Zehra , Cosgun Yasemin , Atak Tunca , Karademirtok Hulya , Ata Isil , Kara Fatih
Published: March 2021

Poliomyelitis was a disease feared worldwide, striking suddenly and paralysing mainly children for life. Monitoring of suspected cases of poliomyelitis is carried out with Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) surveillance in Turkey. This study examines national data of AFP surveillance and the epidemiology of enteroviruses (EV) in Turkey from 2000 to 2019 and gives an overview of the detected serotypes of EVs. A total of 13,640 samples collected from patients with 5216 AFP pre-diagnosed cases (2 samples from each patient) and 3,208 contacts, during a 20-year period (2000–2019) were investigated. All isolated polioviruses were tested for their wild or vaccine origin according to the WHO recommended protocol by PCR and sequencing analysis were performed. Enterovirus positivity was detected in a total of 915 cases, which were identified as 204 Sabin-like polio virus (SLPV) and 711 non-polio enterovirus (NPEV). Of the 204 SLPV, 141 (69.1%) AFP were detected in patients and 63 (30.9%) were detected in samples taken from their contacts. Of the 711 NPEVs, 516 (72.5%) were from AFP cases and 195 (27.5%) were detected in samples taken from their contacts. It is concluded that the reason for the higher detection rate of NPEV in samples from AFP pre-diagnosed cases is attributed to the polio vaccination rates reaching 97% between 2008 and 2019 in Turkey. The most frequently detected NPEV serotypes were Coxackie A24, B3, and Echo 30. This retrospective study is the first comprehensive study in Turkey to evaluate the results of the AFP surveillance in the last 20 years.
Enlightenment from street art activities in urban public space
Authors: He Honghao , Gyergyak Janos
Published: March 2021

With the continuous development of society and cities, people’s demand for urban public space is constantly changing, and the methods for public space renewal are becoming more and more diverse. As a flexible space renewal strategy, street art activities can not only partially update the space, increase the vitality of the space, but also improve the quality of the space and meet people’s needs. This paper first discusses the concepts and types of street art and clarifies the scope of research, Then, through the analysis of the role and impact of “street art activities intervening in urban space”, and finally summing up the relevant enlightenment, to create a favorable material environment for the future art intervention space.
Moment carrying capacity of RSCC beams incorporating alccofine and fly ash
Authors: Kavyateja Bode Venkata , Jawahar J. Guru , Sashidhar Chundupalle , Panga Narasimha Reddy
Published: March 2021

This paper analyses the structural behavior of reinforced self-compacting concrete beams under two-point loading. A total number of five beams were cast with varying quantities of alccofine (i.e., 0, 5, 10, and 15%) and constant dosage of fly ash (i.e., 25%) and tested for examining the load-deflection curves and ultimate moment carrying capacity of reinforced self-compacting concrete beams. From obtained experimental results, it was found that the load-carrying capacity was increased when the beam with the addition of alccofine and fly ash is compared with the normal concrete beam. The experimental obtained ultimate strength values were compared with theoretically predicted values using IS 456-2000, ACI 318-11, and CSA A23.3-04 codes.
Investigation of metal built-up columns, Part I: Formulae
Authors: Baláž Ivan , Koleková Yvonna , Moroczová Lydia , Agüero Antonio
Published: March 2021

Eurocodes give guidance how to design built-up columns having effective bending stiffness, smeared shear stiffness and local bow imperfection amplitude e0 = L/500 under compression. The guidance is valid only for columns supported by hinges at their ends. The second order theory is presented, which allows analysis of the battened and laced built-up columns with initial imperfection under combined compression and bending with the bottom end fixed and the upper one free in the case of in-plane buckling. The application of the theory in several numerical examples is given in Part II.
O PAPEL EDUCATIVO DOS COMITÊS DE ÉTICA EM PESQUISA COM SERES HUMANOS NOS INSTITUTOS FEDERAIS: CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL E TECNOLÓGICA
Authors: Bendati Maria Mercedes de Almeida , Zucolotto Andréia Modrzejewski
Published: March 2021

Os Comitês de Ética em Pesquisa (CEPs) têm caráter educativo e atribuição de avaliar pesquisas com seres humanos. O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender o papel educativo dos CEPs dos Institutos Federais (IF) e a formação continuada em ética em pesquisa na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT). É um estudo de caso, descritivo e de abordagem qualitativa. Foi aplicado um questionário aos membros de CEPs, que constituiu o corpus da análise textual discursiva (ATD). Os resultados do estudo mostraram: a motivação para atuar no CEP (grupo de aprendentes e vinculantes); formação continuada acontece na forma individual e coletiva; e as atividades educativas do CEP dirigidas ao público externo ou ao membro do CEP. Destaca-se a importância do papel educativo do CEP nas instituições.
Roman Dmowski i sprawa Polski na konferencji wersalskiej
Authors: Krzysztonek Jakub
Published: March 2021

Artykuł dotyczy aspektów dyplomatycznej oraz organizacyjnej działalności – zarówno w wymiarze formalnym, jak i zakulisowym – Romana Dmowskiego, współtwórcy Narodowej Demokracji i nowoczesnej myśli nacjonalistycznej. Dmowski, stojący na czele Komitetu Narodowego Polskiego, był oficjalnym przedstawicielem rządu polskiego podczas konferencji pokojowej w Paryżu w latach 1919–1920, która ustalała europejski ład po zakończeniu I wojny światowej. W pierwszej części artykułu przedstawiono krótki rys biograficzny głównego bohatera oraz sytuację geopolityczną schyłku 1918 roku widzianą z perspektywy członków Komitetu Narodowego Polskiego. Zasadniczy prze‑kaz koncentruje się na działalności Dmowskiego od rozpoczęcia konferencji paryskiej (18 stycznia 1919 roku) aż po dzień podpisania przez delegację pol‑ską dokumentu przywracającego formalnie państwo polskie na mapę Europy (28 czerwca 1919 roku). W artykule poruszono również problem związany z wytyczeniem granicy wschodniej w kontekście sporu międzynarodowego o statut Galicji Wschodniej
When the pandemic opts for the lockdown: Secretion system evolution in the cholera bacterium
Authors: Santoriello Francis J. , Pukatzki Stefan
Published: March 2021

Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of the diarrheal disease cholera, is a microbe capable of inhabiting two different ecosystems: chitinous surfaces in brackish, estuarine waters and the epithelial lining of the human gastrointestinal tract. V. cholerae defends against competitive microorganisms with a contact-dependent, contractile killing machine called the type VI secretion system (T6SS) in each of these niches. The T6SS resembles an inverted T4 bacteriophage tail and is used to deliver toxic effector proteins into neighboring cells. Pandemic strains of V. cholerae encode a unique set of T6SS effector proteins, which may play a role in pathogenesis or pandemic spread. In our recent study (Santoriello et al. (2020), Nat Commun, doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-20012-7), using genomic and molecular biology tools, we demonstrated that the T6SS island Auxiliary Cluster 3 (Aux3) is unique to pandemic strains of V. cholerae. We went on to show that Aux3 is related to a phage-like element circulating in environmental V. cholerae strains and that two genetic domestication events formed the pandemic Aux3 cluster during the evolution of the pandemic clone. Our findings support two main conclusions: (1) Aux3 evolution from phage-like element to T6SS cluster offers a snapshot of phage domestication in early T6SS evolution and (2) chromosomal maintenance of Aux3 was advantageous to the common ancestor of V. cholerae pandemic strains.
The idea of free education in the national pedagogical thought of the late 19th - early 20th centuries
Authors: Ваховський Леонід
Published: March 2021

The article considers the influence of the idea of free education on the development of pedagogical theory and practice in Ukraine in the late XIX - early XX centuries. The peculiarities of free education principles usage to substantiate the concept of the national school are shown, the connection of the educational policy of the 1920s and the attempts to reform school education in this period with the approaches of theorists of free education are revealed.
Protagonismo do usuário na assistência em saúde mental: uma pesquisa em base de dados
Authors: Bossato Hércules Rigoni , Dutra Virginia Faria Damasio , De Azevedo Albert Lengruber , Cavalcanti Paula Cristina da Silva , Loyola Cristina Maria Douat , De Oliveira Rosane Mara Pontes
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: analisar na literatura científica global o tema protagonismo do usuário no serviço de saúde mental. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura, a partir de artigos em português, inglês e francês nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, CINAHL, SCOPUS e PubMed com palavras-chave e MESH, sem determinação temporal. Elegeram-se 21 artigos pelo fluxograma de seleção no período de agosto de 2017 a abril 2020. Resultados: o protagonismo na área da saúde mental é descrito como uma prática transformadora e humanitária pautada nas necessidades do usuário, os artigos nacionais e internacionais trouxeram concepções e ações sobre o protagonismo. Conclusão: o Modelo da Maré, as oficinas terapêuticas, o Projeto Terapêutico Singular, o Psicodrama e o teatro são ferramentas que se apresentam essenciais para o protagonismo do usuário na assistência em saúde mental, pois demarcam tecnologias e dispositivos de produção que permeiam a autonomia, a valorização e subjetividade da pessoa assistida.
The inverse coefficient problem of heat transfer in layered nanostructures
Authors: Abgarian K. K. , Noskov R. G. , Reviznikov D. L.
Published: March 2021

The rapid development of electronics leads to the creation and use of electronic components of small dimensions, including nanoelements of complex, layered structure. The search for effective methods for cooling electronic systems dictates the need for the development of methods for the numerical analysis of heat transfer in nanostructures. A characteristic feature of energy transfer in such systems is the dominant role of contact thermal resistance at interlayer interfaces. Since the contact resistance depends on a number of factors associated with the technology of heterostructures manufacturing, it is of great importance to determine the corresponding coefficients from the results of temperature measurements.The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the possibility of reconstructing the thermal resistance coefficients at the interfaces between layers by solving the inverse problem of heat transfer.The complex of algorithms includes two major blocks — a block for solving the direct heat transfer problem in a layered nanostructure and an optimization block for solving the inverse problem. The direct problem was formulated in an algebraic (finite difference) form under the assumption of a constant temperature within each layer, which is due to the small thickness of the layers. The inverse problem was solved in the extreme formulation, the optimization was carried out using zero-order methods that do not require the calculation of the derivatives of the optimized function. As a basic optimization algorithm, the Nelder—Mead method was used in combination with random restarts to search for a global minimum.The results of the identification of the contact thermal resistance coefficients obtained in the framework of a quasi-real experiment are presented. The accuracy of the identification problem solution is estimated as a function of the number of layers in the heterostructure and the «measurements» error.The obtained results are planned to be used in the new technique of multiscale modeling of thermal regimes of the electronic component base of the microwave range, when identifying the coefficients of thermal conductivity of heterostructure.
Prevalence of soft tissue calcifications in CBCT images from the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Service at UNAB, Viña del Mar, Chile.
Authors:   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile., Meléndez-Rojas Patricio , Arancibia-Mesas Leniz ,   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile., Poblete-Carrasco Carolina ,   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile.
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Soft tissue calcifications can indicate the presence of more serious, potentially life-threatening pathologies. Therefore, their study can lead to an early diagnosis of those conditions that have not yet become clinically apparent. Main objective: To determine the prevalence of calcifications in soft tissues of the head and neck in cone beam computed tomography images obtained from the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Service at Universidad Andrés Bello (UNAB), Viña del Mar, Chile. Material and Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional, quantitative study. A total of 288 images of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) were used. Images were obtained at random from the database of the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Service at UNAB, Viña Del Mar, between 2014 and 2019. Results: A prevalence of 59.72% of soft tissue calcifications was obtained. The most prevalent were: tonsilloliths and calcified stylohyoid ligament, accounting for 30.65% and 45.56%, respectively. Conclusion: A high prevalence of soft tissue calcifications was found in a population that has not been studied previously; therefore, it is important that the dentist perform a detailed analysis of the cone beam computed tomography.
Improvement in awareness levels and periodontal health among patients undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance therapy with established gingivitis and periodontal health maintenance program: A questionnaire based study
Authors:   Department Of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College. Mangalore, Karnataka, India., Rao Anupama , Hosadurga Rajesh ,   Department Of Periodontology, Melaka-manipal Medical College. Melaka, Malaysia., Vijaya Kumar ,   Department Of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College. Mangalore, Karnataka, India., Shankar Rajesh Kashyap ,   Department Of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College. Mangalore, Karnataka, India., Boloor Vinita A. ,   Department Of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College. Mangalore, Karnataka, India., Prathap Shruthy ,   Department Of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College. Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
Published: March 2021

Objetive: Home oral care practices in patients undergoing orthodontic therapy are often ineffective in maintaining optimal plaque control. The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of periodontal maintenance program in subjects with established gingivitis undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance therapy for one year. Material and Methods: Forty patients undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance therapy with established chronic gingivitis were recruited for the study. As a part of a periodontal maintenance program, a pre-validated structured questionnaire evaluating oral hygiene and periodontal health was administered at the baseline as well as at the end of the study. At the baseline Gingival Bleeding Index, Gingival Index, and Bonded Bracket Plaque Index scores were recorded, Scaling and polishing procedure was performed followed by a customised Oral Hygiene Advice (OHA) session was conducted for all the study subjects. Clinical indices were assessed and OHA was conducted at the 3rd, 6th, 9th, and 12th months of orthodontic treatment visits. Results: There was significant improvement in the clinical indices and awareness regarding oral hygiene and periodontal health level in the patients at the end of the 12th month. Conclusion: The periodontal maintenance program appeared to be effective in improving the periodontal health and awareness health awareness level about oral hygiene among patients undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy at the end of 12 months in our study population.
Prepare and run test on available dataset v1
Authors: Orlov Stepan , Zhuravlev Alexey , Усик Егор , Kuzin Alexey
Published: March 2021

This protocol shows how to perform tests whose results are presented in the manuscript dedicated to the ReVisE open source visualization system. The system implements interactive visualization of large datasets hosted on a remote server or a supercomputer. The protocol also refers to another protocol that describes how to build and install the ReVisE system; that step should be taken if ReVisE has not been built yet on the server machine. The entire process, as described in the protocols, has been tested on Ubuntu 18.04 and Ubuntu 20.04 Linux distributions.
Intracellular Accumulation of HiLyte-488-Aβ42 in DU145 and DU145-TXR Cells v1
Authors: Ammerman Lauren
Published: March 2021

Protocol to facilitate the imaging, and subsequent quantification, of the intracellular accumulation of HiLyte-488-Aβ42 in two cell lines - DU145 (paclitaxel sensitive, non-P-gp-overexpressing human cancer), and DU145-TXR (paclitaxel-resistant, P-gp-overexpressing human cancer) cells. Cells are grown on collagen-treated, sterile glass coverslips in complete medium for 24 hours at 37C in a humidified incubator. After the initial growth phase, complete medium is refreshed, and cells are treated with the following - 1) control solutions (DMSO and Ammonium Hydroxide vehicle controls), 2) 1μM HiLyte-488-Aβ42 and DMSO vehicle control, 3) 1μM Tariquidar (a potent P-gp inhibitor) and Ammonium Hydroxide vehicle control, or 4) 1μM HiLyte-488-Aβ42 and 1μM Tariquidar. Cells are incubated with treatments for 16 hours at 37C in a humidified incubator. After the 16 hour incubation, cells are washed, fixed with paraformaldehyde solution, stained with DAPI, washed twice more, and mounted on slides for imaging. Full details, including necessary calculations, reagent specifics, and notes are included in this protocol.
Neuro-muscular Impairments in Prolapsed Lumbar Intervertebral Disc (PLID) according to Structural Diagnosis and Management (SDM) v1
Authors: Shahadat Hossain Md. , M Amran Hossain K , Akter Sapia , Mohammad Mosiul Alom Foisal
Published: March 2021

The study aims to determine the Neuro-muscular Impairments in Prolapsed Lumbar Intervertebral Disc (PLID) according to Structural Diagnosis and Management (SDM). Structural Diagnosis and Management (SDM) of musculoskeletal medicine focuses on a comprehensive approach to assess both the contractile and non-contractile structures to generate a hypothesis to solve the specific sources hindering normal activities in the lumbar spine. This has been developed through 15 years’ experience of Dr. M Shahadat Hossain treating diverse cases of musculoskeletal medicine. The SDM assessment directs conservative management procedure in a way of taking history, examination of arthokinemetic and osteokinemtic motions of lumbar spine, stretching the series of muscles in lumbopelvic and lower extremities with biomechanical rationale, strength test to relative prime, segmental and regional stabilizer, neurological examination to the biomechanical contributor, myotomes and isolated neural structures to generate a diagnosis.
PERAN KONFLIK KERJA-KELUARGA DALAM MEMEDIASI KONTRIBUSI DUKUNGAN SOSIAL TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA PADA PERAWAT PEREMPUAN
Authors: Sirajuddin Alparisi , Permana M. Zein
Published: March 2021

This study to examine the role of work-family conflict in mediating relationships of social support and job satisfaction in female nurses. The approach used hierarchical regression analysis with social support as independent variable, job satisfaction as dependent variable, and work-family conflict (WFC) as mediator. Each variable was measured using a questionnaire given to participants consisting of 80 female nurses. The study found that social support had a significant positive contribution to nurse job satisfaction, and the contribution was mediated by work-family conflict.
PENGEMBANGAN SKALA SOCIAL DESIRABILITY
Authors: Oktapialdi Ricky , Tarigan Medianta , Musthofa M. Ariez
Published: March 2021

This research aims to develop a social desirability scale in Indonesian. The method used is mixed method. Participant in the exploration stage amounted to 400 subjects. Whereas, in the second stage, which purposed to identify a psychometric properties (reliability and validity), participant amounted to 501 subjects. Data analysis in the first stage was open coding. For the second stage data analysis consisted of reliability estimation using Cronbach’s Alpha and test of construct validity using factorial validity with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and convergent validity. The Result shows that the scale has a high reliability coefficient (α = 0.76). Whereas, the test of model fit with CFA shows that the scale fits with the data with index of fit value of Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.92, Goodness of Fit Index (GFI) = 0.93, Root Mean Square of Approximation (RMSEA) = 0.059, and Standardized Root Mean Residual (SRMR) = 0.052.  A convergent validity also tested by correlating social desirability Indonesian scale with social desirability scale by Reynolds (1982).
STUDI DESKRIPTIF GAYA EKSPLANATORI ANAK PENDERITA LEUKEMIA
Authors: Putri Anna Maria Amanda , Hidayat Sianiwati Sunarto , Sarintohe Eveline
Published: March 2021

This descriptive research conducted with 25 children under purposive sampling to obtain an overview of expanatory style of children with leukemia in the Foundation "X" Bandung. Measurement instrument is a modification of the Children's Attributional Style Questionnaire (CASQ) by Seligman (1990) which consists of 48 items forced choice. Explanatory style research showed that 60% respondents have a pessimistic, and the rest have an optimistic. There is a link between children's understanding of their significant person’s explanatory style, criticism from parents or the trustees, their crisis experience, as well as the stage of suffering from leukemia with the children with leukemia’s explanatory style. This research suggested further research with more sample sizes about children’s explanatory style in order to make normative constraints, also further investigate the factors that affect explanatory style and dimensions. It is also suggested that management of the Foundation "X" to design interventions that can improve children's explanatory style.
VALIDASI INSTRUMEN FOLLOWERSHIP MODEL KELLEY VERSI INDONESIA
Authors: Rosani Siti Asriyani , Tarigan Medianta
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to describe the psychometric properties of the Followership measurement. The participants of the research were 377 of employees with range of 16 - 59 years old. The research used internal consistency of Alpha and construct validity with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), convergent validity, and discriminant validity. The results were high internal consistency reliability of Indonesian Kelly’s followership styles (α = 0.882), and good fit indexes of modified two factor model (activity and independent), and finally showed the positive correlation to ledadership, work engagement, and religiosity measures.
IMPULSIVITAS SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH: PERAN MINDFULNESS DAN SELF-CONTROL
Authors: Nurida Ulfa , Widyasari Pratiwi
Published: March 2021

This research aims to determine the psychometric properties of MDS3 (Maryland's Safety and Supportive School) school climate measurement tools which are adapted in Indonesian to high school students. The study participants consisted of 200 public and private high school students in Bandung. The MDS3 instrument in the English version translated into Indonesian consists of 56 items that have three dimensions namely Safety, Engagement and Environment. Psychometric analyzes such as item-total correlation, Alpha reliability, and exploratory factor analysis were performed as empirical evidence of the psychometric quality of this instrument. The results of this study indicated that the reliability of this instrument is high, 0.881 with item discrimination power or total-item correlations that are relatively weak in the Safety Dimension. Exploratory factor analysis also showed unsatisfactory results on the Safety dimension because many items are different from the model of the factor structure of school climate measurement tools. The lack of fit models used in factor analysis could be due to inadequate or insufficient samples because only at state high schools, while only one respondent came from private high schools. Adding samples and repairing items needs to be done to improve the quality of the Indonesian version of the MDS3.
Minimizing the Use of Polyethene inside Paper Coffee Cups
Authors: Mahinpei Romina
Published: March 2021

Although made of paper, most coffee cups are not recycled because of the polyethene covering their internal surface area (1, 2). Instead, they are sent to landfills where they break down into microplastics and negatively impact organisms after entering the food chain (2, 3). This is an especially alarming issue due to the extensive usage of paper coffee cups around the world. As a result, many global companies have been searching for an eco-friendly cup that eliminates the use of polyethene, a challenge that remains unresolved to this day (9). While the search continues, many businesses have relied on temporary strategies to reduce polyethene production until a design that eliminates its use is developed (9, 10, 11, 12). Two major methods include public awareness and promotion of reusable cups (2). However, these approaches have only resulted in minor changes due to their reliance on customer cooperation (2).

To guarantee polyethene reduction, this report proposes a strategy that is independent of customer cooperation. This method determines the dimensions (i.e., height and bottom radius) that minimize the amount of polyethene needed to coat the internal surface area of a cup, while keeping the cup’s volume and lid size (i.e., top radius) the same. The resulting equation gives the surface area of the cup while the root to the first derivate of this equation corresponds to the optimal bottom radius. Using a derived equation for height, the optimal cup height is determined as well. To highlight its proper implementation, this strategy is applied to a Starbucks Grande coffee cup as a model for other companies to follow.
RELAÇÃO ENTRE O RISCO DE CARTEIRAS COM ALTOS DIVIDEND YIELDS E CARTEIRA DIVERSIFICADA NO MERCADO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Magnani Vinícius Medeiros , Pollo Heloísa Cintra , Stanzani Lívia Maria Lopes , Ambrozini Marcelo Augusto
Published: March 2021

Com base na Teoria Moderna de Finanças, espera-se que as empresas boas pagadoras de dividendos estejam associadas a um menor risco. Assim, esse trabalho tem como objetivo verificar se os portfólios de ações com altos dividend yields são menos arriscados do que o mercado, no contexto brasileiro. Foram analisados portfólios compostos pelas ações das empresas brasileiras que mais pagaram dividendos durante os anos de 1996 e 2017 e, por meio de testes de média, comparou-se a média do risco apresentado pelas carteiras com alto nível de dividend yield e a média do risco do Ibovespa. Os resultados encontrados sugerem que carteiras com altos dividend yields apresentam risco significativamente maior do que a carteira de mercado, o que contraria a hipótese de pesquisa. Ainda, observou-se que a relação existente entre o risco e o retorno das carteiras com altos dividend yields no Brasil é negativa, demonstrando uma peculiaridade do mercado brasileiro. Assim, o estudo contribui com a literatura ao mostrar que altos rendimentos de dividendos não estão ligados a um risco menor para o investidor, necessariamente, contrariando a relação teórica esperada.
Methylation profiles of genes in breast cancer luminal HER2-negative primary tumor during regional lymphnode metastasis
Authors: Krasnyi A.M. , Kurevlev S.V. , Sadekova A.A. , Sefikhanov T.G. , Kometova V.V. , Rodionov V.V.
Published: March 2021

Aberrant methylation is strongly associated with development of cancer, but limited data exist on correlation between methylation and regional lymph node metastasis (RLNM). The aim of this research was to study using of methylation levels of WIF1, RASSF1A, CDO1 and MEST aberrant methylated genes in a primary breast cancer for prediction of regional lymph node metastases. We used MS-HRM (Methylation Sensitive High Resolution Melting) to assess methylation levels. The results were confirmed by pyrosequencing. The study included 66 women with LumA and 46 women with HER2- (LumB-), 22 and 26 of them had metastasis in at least one lymph node respectively. It was found that methylation levels between LumA and LumB subtypes differed significantly in genes: WIF1 (p<0.001), CDO1 (p=0.002) and MEST (p=0.033). In the Lum A subtype statistically significant differences in level of methylation of WIF1 gene between patients with metastases in RLNM and patients without metastases were found (p=0.03). Analysis of tumors longer than 2 cm in the LumA subtype, revealed an increase of statistical significance of WIF1 gene — p=0.009 (AUC (95%CI) = 0.76 (0.59−0.93)). In LumB- subtype RASSF1A, CDO1 and MEST had statistically significant differences in methylation level between groups (p=0.03, p=0.048 and p=0.045 respectively). ROC analysis showed that combining of three genes by logistic regression, AUC (95%CI) was 0.74 (0.6−0.88). Analysis of tumors longer than 2 cm, did not increase statistical significance for these genes (p=0.046; p=0.089 and p=0.076, respectively). Thus, the study of methylation in primary tumors may be useful for prediction of lymph node metastasis, as well as for better understanding of biological process inside breast cancer.
Heterogeneidade do impacto do trabalho infantil no rendimento escolar do Paraná
Authors: Ramos Torres Carlos Alberto , Oliveira Garcias Marcos de
Published: March 2021

Neste estudo, estimou-se o impacto do trabalho infantil sobre o desempenho escolar em discentes do ensino fundamental público no estado do Paraná, avaliando a existência da heterogeneidade na magnitude do impacto. Para tanto, foram utilizados dados da Prova Brasil de 2007 a 2015, considerando os discentes da 5ª e 9ª séries. O impacto foi mensurado com o método Propensity Score Matching (PSM). Os resultados mostram que não houve mudanças temporais significativas nos níveis de trabalho infantil no estado nos anos avaliados, embora haja uma leve tendência de redução. Discentes que trabalham em casa e no mercado tendem a ter um pior desempenho acadêmico. Tal efeito negativo é menor em algumas mesorregiões, evidenciando que há heterogeneidade nesse impacto.
The IDB Group in the Central American Isthmus and the Dominican Republic: Activities Report 2020
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank,   IDB Invest,   IDB Lab
Published: March 2021

2020 was an unprecedented year for Central America and the Dominican Republic. The effect of the global COVID-19 pandemic, exacerbated by the impact of Hurricanes Eta and Iota in some countries, caused the greatest economic contraction the region has undergone in its recent history - surpassing the debt crisis of the 1980s and the international financial crisis of 2009. In 2020, the IDB Group helped the countries in the region respond to these emergencies through approvals that exceeded US$ 4,900 million and disbursements of more than US$ 4,327 million, both reaching historical records. This report highlights the Groups main activities in Central America and the Dominican Republic in 2020 at the regional and country level.
Online Learning: Notes for Achieving Effective Learning Outcomes
Authors: Syukur Ghazali Abdul
Published: March 2021

For successful online learning or e-learning, learners are required to be independent learners. According to Lucy M. and Paul J. Guglielmino (Getting the Most from Online Learning, 2004: 25–27), learners need to ask the following questions: (1) Why should a learner understand why they are learning through e-learning? (2) What do e-learners need to know about self-directed learning? (3) How can e-learners develop their readiness for self-directed learning? (4) What support systems should the learners develop or need?
Keywords: Effective Learning Outcomes, Online Learning, Online language learning