bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phytotoxicity of Fungicide Coated Sugar Beet Seed Depends on Growth Condition
Authors:   Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58108, USA, ME Haque , MS Parvin ,   Leibniz University Hannover, Germany
Published: April 2024

Fungicide-coated seed protects sugar beet plants from soilborne diseases, but seedlings coming from coated seeds often encounter phytotoxicity under field conditions. To understand the phytotoxic impact, fungicide-coated seed and the uncoated seed of two cultivars were sown with holes or no holes in plastic trays in greenhouse conditions. Our study demonstrated without fungicide coat on sugar beet seed and holes in plastic trays resulted in just above 90% germination. While fungicide-coated seed and no hole’s underneath traysshowed the lowest germination (>20%). Fungicide-coated seed, having holes in plastic trays showed 90% germination. No fungicide coat on seed, having no hole’s underneath trays showed 70% germination. We further estimated the percentage of stunted seedlings in both cultivars. Fungicide-coated seed with holes underneath plastic trays showed above 5% stunted seedlings while fungicide-coated seed, having no hole’s underneath trays- showed the highest percentage of stunted seedlings (>10%) in both cultivars. In summary, our data demonstrated that the phytotoxicity of fungicide-coated sugar beet seed depends on growth conditions.
Cassava Periclinal Chimera: A New Plant Breeding Technique
Authors:   Department of Genetics and Morphology, University of Brasilia, Brazil, NMA Nassar
Published: April 2024

Periclinal chimera plants could be synthesized by a very easy grafting method. Thanks to this technique we can transfer useful characters from one genotype to another, we also can produce vigorous plants during a very short period. Recently in cassava, resistance to nematode could be transferred, and could develop vigorous plants by combining two types that have high combining ability. The most striking feature is that we can obtain enormous roots up to five times the common ones. By using this type of chimera we can replace traditional hybridization and no need to recurrent crosses cycles to transfer useful characters, reducing to a very short period developing a new variety and perpetuating it too.
Simvastatin, but not Pravastatin, Blocks L-Type Ca2+ Channels In Rat Islet -Cells, Inhibiting Glucose-Induced Cytosolic Ca2+ Signaling and Insulin Release
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy, Apollo Group of Institutions, Durg CG, India, Sonwani Hari Prasad , Sahu Pragya ,   Department of Pharmacy, Apollo Group of Institutions, Durg CG, India, Bandey Rashi ,   Department of Pharmacy, Apollo Group of Institutions, Durg CG, India, Chandrawanshi Yuvraj ,   Department of Pharmacy, Apollo Group of Institutions, Durg CG, India, Verma Prashant ,   Department of Pharmacy, Apollo Group of Institutions, Durg CG, India
Published: April 2024

Patients with type 2 diabetes who have hypercholesterolemia frequently need to take HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. A key factor in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes is altered pancreatic beta-cell activity, which results in a reduced ability of the pancreas to secrete insulin in response to glucose. The impact of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors on -cell function must therefore be investigated. The regulation of -cell function is greatly influenced by the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). The current work looked at how HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors affected the [Ca2+]i signaling and insulin release that glucose-induced in rat islet -cells. Simvastatin, a lipophilic HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, suppressed the initial phase increase and oscillation of [Ca2+]i caused by 8.3 mM glucose in single -cells at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 3 g ml—1. The fewer Simvastatin-acid, a lipophilic inhibitor, decreased the first [Ca2+]i rise but was two orders of magnitude less effective. Pravastatin (100g ml—1), a hydrophilic inhibitor, has little impact on [Ca2+]. Simvastatin (0.3g ml–1) reduced glucose-induced insulin production from islets more effectively than simvastatin-acid (30g ml–1), whereas pravastatin (100g ml–1) had no effect. Simvastatin, but not pravastatin, showed a reversible blockage of the L-type Ca2+ channels in -cells in whole-cell patch clamp recordings. Simvastatin also prevented the opening of L-type Ca2+ channels, which is how L-arginine and HCl enhance [Ca2+] Conclusion: By blocking L-type Ca2+ channels in -cells, lipophilic HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors can prevent glucose-induced [Ca2+]i signaling and insulin secretion, and their inhibitory potencies are inversely correlated with their lipophilicities. Precaution must be takenWhen HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors are utilized in clinical settings, attention should be given to these findings, especially in type 2 diabetic patients.
Synthesis of alkyne- and azide-functionalised aziridine and epoxide carbocycles for development of selective glucuronidase mechanism-based inhibitors
Authors: Ehren Helena , Jongkees Seino , Wennekes Tom
Published: April 2024

Heparanase (HPSE) is an endo-acting beta-glucuronidase and the only known enzyme responsible for the regulation of extracellular heparan sulfate (HS) structures, a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) occurring in conjugation with a protein class called heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) in the extracellular matrix (ECM). The enzyme is found to be significantly upregulated in aggressive cancer types aiding cell proliferation by increased degradation of HS. Inhibition of HPSE reduces cancer growth making it an interesting druggable target for cancer treatment and diagnostics. Only few of the known efficient HPSE inhibitors have progressed through clinical studies and none of them has been approved yet. We here present the synthesis of three cyclophellitol scaffolds, based on known mechanism-based inhibitors of HSPE. These novel scaffolds are amenable to facile elaboration via copper-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloadditions to aid in exploring the structure-activity relationship for selective inhibitors of HSPE.
Electrocatalytic Hydrogenation of Pyridines and Other Nitrogen-containing Aromatic Compounds
Authors: Shida Naoki , Shimizu Yugo , Yonezawa Akizumi , Harada Juri , Furutani Yuka , Muto Yusuke , Kurihara Ryo , N. Kondo Junko , Sato Eisuke , Mitsudo Koichi , Suga Seiji , Iguchi Shoji , Kamiya Kazuhide , Atobe Mahito
Published: April 2024

The production of cyclic amines, which are vital to the pharmaceutical industry, relies on energy-intensive thermochemical hydrogenation. Herein, we demonstrate the electrocatalytic hydrogenation of nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds, specifically pyridine, at ambient temperature and pressure via a membrane electrode assembly with an anion-exchange membrane. We synthesized piperidine using a carbon-supported rhodium catalyst, achieving a current density of 25 mA cm–2 and a current efficiency of 99% under a circular flow until 5 F mol–1. Quantitative conversion of pyridine into piperidine with 98% yield was observed after passing 9 F mol–1, corresponding to 65% of current efficiency. The reduction of Rh oxides on the catalyst surface was crucial for catalysis. The Rh(0) surface interacts moderately with piperidine, decreasing the energy required for the rate-determining desorption step. The proposed process is applicable to other nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds and could be efficiently scaled up. This method presents clear advantages over traditional high-temperature and high-pressure thermochemical catalytic processes.
Modeling intermolecular Coulombic decay with non-Hermitian real-time time-dependent density functional theory
Authors: Wang Yi-Siang , Zhong Manis James , Rohan Matthew , Orlando Thomas , Kretchmer Joshua
Published: April 2024

In this work, we investigate the capability of using real-time time-dependent density functional theory (RT-TDDFT) in conjunction with a complex absorbing potential (CAP) to simulate the intermolecular Coulombic decay (ICD) processes following the ionization of an innervalence electron. We examine the ICD dynamics in a series of non-covalent bonded dimer systems, including H2O-H2O, HF-HF, Ar-H2O, Ne-H2O and Ne-Ar. We consider an initial state generated from an inner-valence excitation on either monomer within each dimer, as the monomers are symmetrically not equivalent. In comparison to previous RT-TDDFT studies, we show that RT-TDDFT simulations with a CAP correctly capture the ICD phenomenon in systems exhibiting a stronger binding energy. The calculated time-scales for ICD of the studied systems are in the range of 5-50 fs in agreement with previous studies. However, there is a break-down in the accuracy of the methodology for the more weakly bound, pure van der Waals bonded systems. The accuracy in the former is attributed to both the use of the CAP and the choice of a long-range corrected functional with diffuse basis functions. The benefit of the presented real-time methodology is that it provides direct time-dependent population information without necessitating any a-priori assumptions about the electronic relaxation mechanism. As such, the RT-TDFFT/CAP simulation protocol provides a powerful tool to differentiate between competing electronic relaxation pathways following inner-valence or core ionization.
Unravelling the role of particle size and nanostructuring on the oxygen evolution activity of Fe-doped NiO
Authors: Rao Reshma , Bucci Alberto , Corby Sacha , Moss Benjamin , Liang Caiwu , Stephens Ifan , Lloret-Fillol Julio , Durrant James
Published: April 2024

Nickel-based oxides and oxyhydroxide catalysts exhibit state-of-the-art activity for the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline conditions. A widely employed strategy to increase the gravimetric activity of the catalyst is to increase the active surface area via nanostructuring or decreasing the particle size. However, fundamental understanding about how tuning these parameters influences the density of oxidized species and their reaction kinetics remains unclear. Here, we use solution combustion synthesis, a low-cost and scalable approach, to synthesize a series of Fe0.1Ni0.9O samples from different precursor salts. Based on the precursor salt, the nanoparticle size can be changed significantly from ~2.5 nm to ~37 nm. The OER activity in pH 13 trends inversely with the particle size. Using operando, time-resolved optical spectroscopy, we quantify the density of oxidized species as a function of potential and demonstrate that the OER kinetics exhibits a second order dependence on the density of these species, suggesting that the OER mechanism relies on O-O coupling between neighbouring oxidized species. With decreasing particle size, the density of species accumulated is found to increase, with a decrease in their intrinsic reactivity for OER, attributed to a stronger binding of *O species (i.e. a cathodic shift of species energetics). This signifies that the high apparent OER activity per geometric area of the smaller nanoparticles is driven by their ability to accumulate a larger density of oxidized species. This study not only experimentally disentangles the influence of the density of oxidized species and intrinsic kinetics on the overall rate of OER, but also highlights the importance of tuning these parameters independently to develop more active OER catalysts.
Chemical composition, antileishmanial, and antifungal activi-ties of essential oils from Cinnamomum cassia bark, Schinus molle dried leaves and their blends
Authors: Silva Aternoskaires , Fernandes Cássia , dos Santos Daiane , Mazza Maria , Silva Jackson , Magalhães Lizandra , Pires Regina , Miranda Mayker , Crotti Antônio
Published: April 2024

This study reports on the chemical composition and antileishmanial and anticandidal activities of essential oils (EOs) distilled from Schinus molle dried leaves (SM-EO), Cinnamomum cassia branch bark (CC-EO) and their blends against promastigote forms of Leishmania (Leishmania) ama-zonensis and nine Candida strains. Major constituents of SM-EO were spathulenol (26.93%), β-caryophyllene (19.90%), and caryophyllene oxide (12.69%), whereas cinnamaldehyde (60.11%), cinnamyl acetate (20.90%) and (E)-cis-2-methoxycinnamic acid (10.37%) were predominant in CC-EO. SM-EO (IC50 = 21.45 µg/mL) and CC-EO (IC50 = 23.27 µg/mL) displayed good activity against L. amazonensis. SM-EO and CC-EO also proved to be good or moderate activity against nine Can-dida strains, with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values ranging from 31.25 to 250 µg/mL. While the three SM-EO and CC-EO blends were not more active than the EOs tested in-dividually, they exhibited remarkably high antileishmanial activity, with IC50 values ranging between 3.12 and 7.04 µg/mL, which is very similar to the IC50 of amphotericin B (positive con-trol). These results show that SM-EO, CC-EO, and their blends may be considered to participate in the formulation of drugs with antileishmanial and antifungal activities.
EXPERIMENTAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LAND USE/LAND COVER AND UNDERGROUND FLOW IN AL BA COMMUNE IN THE CENTRAL REGION OF VIETNAM
Authors:   Southern Institute of Water Resources Research (SIWRR), Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam, NGUYEN-NGAN Ha , TRAN-THI THU Huong ,   Southern Institute of Water Resources Research (SIWRR), Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam, PHAM-QUOC Binh ,   Southern Institute of Water Resources Research (SIWRR), Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam, TRAN-THI Van ,   Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam,   Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, PHAM-THE Vinh ,   Southern Institute of Water Resources Research (SIWRR), Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
Published: April 2024

Rapid urbanization and intensive agricultural practices in Vietnam's Central Highlands have substantially transformed land use/land cover (LULC) patterns, with implications for groundwater resources necessitating measurement. The objective of this investigation is to examine the links between multi-temporal variations in LULC and changes in underground water flow in Al Ba Commune, Gia Lai Province. Supervised object-based classification of Landsat and Sentinel imagery from the past 25 years has produced consistent LULC maps as inputs for the model. Geospatial data of LULC, meteorological data, and in-situ data of groundwater flow (Q) were used to calibrate and validate the integrated hydrological MIKE SHE model and simulate past Q conditions for correlation analysis. With these data on LULC and groundwater flow, this study investigates the relationship between LULC changes and Q using Multivariate Linear Regression (MLR) and Ridge Regression models. The MLR model showed high R² (0.91) but positive impacts of all LULC classes on Q, contrary to expectations. Further analysis with Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) revealed multicollinearity among LULC variables, which was addressed using Ridge Regression with a bias factor to correct for this issue. The revised model demonstrated that non-vegetative covers negatively affect Q while vegetative covers have a positive impact. These results highlight the complex dynamics of LULC changes on groundwater resources, which can be detected by statistical approaches. The results of study could be important for sustainable land management.
ELECTROCOAGULATION SYSTEM FOR TREATMENT OF BALLAST WATER
Authors:   Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Riau, Indonesia, EFFENDI Irwan , GHIFARI Muhammad Fadil ,   Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Riau, Indonesia, NEDI Syahril ,   Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Riau, Indonesia, EFFENDI Sania ,   School of Vocation, University of Gajah Mada, Yogjakarta, Indonesia
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to determine the removal of hazardous materials in ballast water by using an electrocoagulation (EC) system. This research was carried out on January 16 – June 15 2023 in Batam City. Ballast water was supplied by tanker ships anchored at 5 ports in Batam Island, namely Batam Centre, Sekupang, Nongsapura, Telaga Punggur, and Batu Ampar. The ballast water was collected and processed through an electrocoagulation system at PT. Batam Air Cargo Village, Batam. Meanwhile, the quality of the treated ballast water was examined by PT. Mutuagung Lestari Batam, Batam, Indonesia. If the laboratory test results meet the requirements, then the remaining ballast water can be disposed of into nature. However, if the test results are not met, then the ballast water is re-processed and channeled to the mixing tank. The physical parameters of the treated ballast water showed a temperature of 28oC, total dissolved solids (TDS), and total suspended solids (TSS) of around 140 and 11 mg/L respectively. The main heavy metal content of ballast water after the electrocoagulation process showed cadmium (< 0.001 mg/L), chrome (< 0.02 mg/L), mercury (< 0.0001 mg/L), lead (< 0.005 mg/L), copper (0.14 mg /L), zinc (0.31 mg/L), and arsenic (< 0.0001 mg/L). The physical parameters of the treated ballast water showed a temperature of 28oC, total dissolved solids (TDS), and total suspended solids (TSS) of around 140 and 11 mg/L respectively. The main heavy metal content of ballast water after the electrocoagulation process showed cadmium (< 0.001 mg/L), chrome (< 0.02 mg/L), mercury (< 0.0001 mg/L), lead (< 0.005 mg/L), copper (0.14 mg /L), zinc (0.31 mg/L), and arsenic (< 0.0001 mg/L). Other chemical and biological parameters that were also measured included sulfide (< 0.002 mg/L), fluoride (0.11 mg/L), chlorine (0.05 mg/L), ammonia (0.78 mg/L), nitrate (< 0.05 mg/L), nitrite (< 0.004 mg/L), total nitrogen (0.78 mg/L), BOD5 (22.69 mg/L), methylene blue active compound (0.732 mg/L), phenol (0.001 mg/L), oil and fat (1.032 mg/L), pH (7.13), and total coliform (615 MPN/100). All parameters showed that the hazardous content of electrocoagulated ballast water waste has met the quality standards for ballast water waste. It has also been tested to process other liquid waste. So, it is very promising to be developed for other waste processing needs in the future.
Синтез и исследование пленок SiBCN, полученных в процессе плазмохимического осаждения из триэтиламинборана, гексаметидисилазана и аммиака
Authors: Ермакова Е.Н. , Максимовский Е.А. , Федоренко А.Д. , Шаповалова А.А. , Хижняк Е.А. , Косинова М.Л.
Published: April 2024

В данной работе синтез пленок SiBCN проводили методом плазмостимулированного химического осаждения из газовой фазы при пониженном давлении при температурах 500–600 °С. Потоки паров исходных соединений и добавочного газа (аммиак) поступали в реактор раздельно, без предварительного перемешивания. В качестве исходных веществ были выбраны элементорганические соединения кремния и бора – гексаметилдисилазан HN(SiMe3)2 и триэтиламинборан Et3N×BH3, ранее не исследованные в процессах синтеза пленок SiBCN. Химическое строение, состав, морфология поверхности, скорость роста осажденных пленок были изучены с привлечением методов ИК-, РФЭ-спектроскопии, волнодисперсионной рентгеновской спектроскопии, рентгенофазового анализа, сканирующей электронной микроскопии, спектроскопии комбинационного рассеяния света. Исследование морфологии поверхности образцов показало, что пленки являются сплошными, гладкими без особенностей. Варьирование соотношения веществ в исходной смеси позволило менять состав пленок в широком диапазоне. Содержание бора в четырехкомпонентных покрытиях достигало значения 45 ат.%. Исследование химического строения пленок выявило присутствие связей Si–C, Si–N, B–N, C–H, а также гибридной связи BСnN3–n.
EMERGÊNCIAS DERMATOLÓGICAS NO CONTEXTO DA COVID-19: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA
Authors: pereira Matheus santos samaritano , Silva Victor Hugo Góes
Published: April 2024

Introdução: A COVID-19 é uma doença causada pelo novo coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2), que pode afetar a pele de diversas formas. As emergências dermatológicas são situações que requerem atenção médica imedi
BIOMARCADORES E MÉTODOS DE IMAGEM PARA DIAGNÓSTICO PRECOCE DA APENDICITE AGUDA COMPLICADA EM CRIANÇAS
Authors: Vasconcelos Anna Victoria de , Seba João Pedro Carvalho , Pereira Marcelo Victor
Published: April 2024

Introdução: A apendicite aguda (AA) é a primeira causa de emergências cirúrgicas em crianças, apresentando diagnóstico desafiador devido a sintomas atípicos. Assim, o estudo objetiva investigar biomar
A REDUÇÃO DO RISCO DE BRONCOASPIRAÇÃO PELA INTUBAÇÃO DE SEQUÊNCIA RÁPIDA
Authors: Pereira Marcelo Victor , Vasconcelos Anna Victoria de , Seba João Pedro Carvalho
Published: April 2024

Introdução: A intubação de sequência rápida (ISR) é um procedimento que busca reduzir o risco de broncoaspiração, reduzindo o risco de morte por essa complicação. Essa técnica consiste, basicamente, e
VIVENCIANDO A ENFERMAGEM: RELATO ACADÊMICO SOBRE A CONVIVÊNCIA IMPACTANTE NA SALA DE EMERGÊNCIA
Authors: Leitão Gabriel Gurgel
Published: April 2024

Relatar a experiência abrangente na sala de emergência destacando os procedimentos emergenciais realizados por Acadêmicos de Enfermagem.
ANÁLISE DA CONJUNTURA DE TENSÃO ENTRE VENEZUELA E GUIANA
Authors: Nascimento Mário Brasil do
Published: April 2024

Este artigo objetiva apresentar a análise da conjuntura de tensão entre a Venezuela e Guiana decorrente da disputa pela região de Essequibo. Após a realização de um referendo junto à população, o Governo da Venezuela adotou ações que suscitaram a hipótese de início de um conflito armado na América do Sul. Após uma reunião promovida pelos países caribenhos, o presidente da Venezuela arrefeceu o ímpeto, todavia a situação se mantém incerta. A instabilidade doméstica venezuelana e o papel das grandes potências devem ser vistas com atenção. Mediante um conjunto de análises, busca-se entender a conjuntura e visualizar cenários futuros possíveis para o conflito, bem com os impactos para o Brasil.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DO APLICATIVO “CITY CONNECT” PARA A PROMOÇÃO DO TURISMO E HOSPITALIDADE EM SÃO LUÍS DO MARANHÃO
Authors: Cruz Walysson Viana Garcez , Lima Edilson Carlos Silva , Queiroz Jonathan Araújo
Published: April 2024

Atualmente, a busca por facilidade e segurança ao obter informações sobre locais cruciais em uma nova cidade é uma preocupação predominante para residentes e turistas. Visando oferecer uma solução inovadora para essas demandas em São Luís, Maranhão, desenvolvemos o aplicativo móvel ‘City Connect'. Este artigo destaca a utilização do framework Flutter, da Google, e a implementação do SOLID, entre outras tecnologias relevantes. O aplicativo foi estrategicamente concebido para proporcionar aos usuários acesso seguro e conveniente a informações relevantes, visando aprimorar significativamente a experiência durante suas estadias na cidade. Além disso, valores e insights essenciais foram obtidos por meio de uma pesquisa de satisfação, onde os usuários puderam avaliar desempenho, design e outros aspectos, contribuindo para um constante aprimoramento do aplicativo.

Palavras-chave: turismo, aplicativo móvel, entretenimento, flutter, Solid, API Rest.
PROTÓTIPO DE UMA MÁQUINA DE PRODUÇÃO DE FILAMENTO 3D UTILIZANDO RECICLAGEM DE GARRAFA PET
Authors: Santos Gustavo Fonseca , Lima Luís Henryc , Lima Edilson Carlos Silva , Queiroz Jonathan Araújo
Published: April 2024

As máquinas 3D, ou impressoras 3D, têm desempenhado um papel significativo em várias indústrias e campos, devido às suas capacidades únicas de criar objetos tridimensionais camada por camada a partir de modelos digitais. O filamento é o material usado em impressoras 3D para criar objetos tridimensionais, tornando a matéria prima par o desenvolvimento objetos tridimensionais. Portanto, neste estudo, descrevemos a construção de uma máquina de filamento 3D que utiliza o processo de reciclagem de garrafas PET como matéria-prima. A pesquisa aborda a demanda crescente por materiais sustentáveis na impressão 3D e a urgente necessidade de lidar com o problema dos resíduos plásticos. A máquina em questão demonstrou eficácia na transformação das garrafas PET em filamento 3D de alta qualidade, atendendo plenamente aos requisitos da impressão 3D. Esse projeto promove a economia circular ao reutilizar resíduos plásticos na produção de material de impressão, contribuindo para a sustentabilidade ambiental. Concluímos que a máquina de filamento 3D construída oferece uma solução prática para a produção sustentável de filamento, com potencial para impactar positivamente a indústria de impressão 3D e a gestão de resíduos plásticos. Este trabalho enfatiza a importância da reciclagem de garrafas PET e sua aplicação na impressão 3D, representando um avanço significativo em direção a um futuro mais sustentável e ecologicamente responsável.

Palavras-chaves: Filamento 3D, DIY, Reciclagem de garrafas PET.
FACILITANDO A VIDA FINANCEIRA: DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM APLICATIVO DE CONTROLE FINANCEIRO
Authors: Amorim Marcos Raffael Almeida , Lima Edilson Carlos Silva , Mesquita Leonardo de Castro
Published: April 2024

É crucial que os desenvolvedores web adotem práticas inclusivas e sigam padrões de acessibilidade, garantindo que suas plataformas online sejam acessíveis a todos, independentemente de suas habilidades ou deficiências. Isso não apenas amplia o acesso à informação, mas também promove uma sociedade mais equitativa e inclusiva. Neste contexto, propomos o aplicativo “Inclu Notícias” foi desenvolvido para superar as barreiras de acessibilidade que as pessoas com deficiência auditiva e/ou visual enfrentam na busca por informações na Internet. Utilizando o framework de desenvolvimento Flutter, o app oferece uma experiência de usuário adaptada às necessidades específicas desse público. Inclui recursos de acessibilidade, garantindo que todos os usuários possam desfrutar igualmente do conteúdo de notícias. Através da metodologia científica do tipo qualitativa este artigo descreve a base teórica para o desenvolvimento do “Inclu Notícias”, destacando os princípios norteadores da acessibilidade, as tecnologias utilizadas e os benefícios que oferece para a inclusão digital.

Palavras-chave: flutter, app, acessibilidade, inclusão digital.
Ballet scenes in the operas of M. I. Glinka in the reviews of his contemporaries
Authors: Grutcynova Anna Petrovna
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the problem of ballet scenes in the operas of M. I. Glinka, "A Life for the Tsar," and "Ruslan and Lyudmila," in the context of choreographic art of the 19th century. The author documents the composer's growing interest in dance and ballet theater, the place and significance of ballet scenes in opera productions of that time. The critical responses that emerged in the press after the premieres of Glinka's operas, containing judgments on the staging of the ballet scenes, are analyzed in the paper. As a result of the analysis, the author concludes that critics who highly appreciated the music of the dance scenes were critical of their choreographic embodiment, while those who focused on the ballet were dissatisfied with the music. Additionally, the author pays attention to the method of broad interpretation of opera music through the creation of folk dances based on it. As a result, the author concludes that the objective understanding of the significance of ballet scenes in Glinka's operas became possible only with the passage of time, but their practical influence on ballet and dance scenes in Russian operas in the second half of the 19th century is undeniable.
THE FACTOR OF LANGUAGE VARIABILITY IN FUNCTIONAL SEMANTIC ASSESSMENT OF LANGUAGE UNITS
Authors:   The Pacific National University, Khabarovsk, Russia, Pak Svetlana M.
Published: April 2024

The article puts forward the objective to disclose the means and features of language functioning in various discourse systems. The methodological basis of the research comprises the concept of language variability and the theory of synergetic linguistics. Different lexical units are explored in use within various discourse types in terms of their functions. The objective of correlating language unit functions to the discourse situation made it necessary to select the most representative discourse systems. Stemming from the basic principle that there are no ironclad borders between discrete forms of language use, the author claims that a typical discourse situation as a system-shaping attractor dictates functional specifics of language units. In distinguishing discourse types, the underlying principle is the degree of implementing the function of information and that of impact. Linguosynergetic method makes it possible to formulate universal principles of functioning language units of different types in the context of different discourse systems. These principles necessarily impose pragmatically conditioned meaning.
VARIABILITY OF STRATEGIES IN THERESA MAY’S SPEECHES REPRESENTING THE BRITISH POLITICAL DISCOURSE
Authors:   St. Petersburg University of Management Technologies and Economics, St. Petersburg, Russia, Gerasimenko Irina V.
Published: April 2024

The article dwells on the strategy variability of the political discourse of British politicians, presented on the material of T. May's public statements. The most frequently used strategies by T. May are discussed: struggle for power, retention of power, strategies of manipulation and self-presentation. The author points out the variety of tactics used by the politician, and the peculiarities of the use of these tactics by this politician.
THE IMPACT OF «SOFT POWER» POLICY ON LANGUAGE SHIFT IN SOCIETY
Authors:   Komsomolsk-na-Amure State University, Komsomolsk-na-Amure, Russia, Shusharina Galina A. , Petrunina Zhanna V. ,   Komsomolsk-na-Amure State University, Komsomolsk-na-Amure, Russia
Published: April 2024

The article shows that in throughout different historical epochs, languages have served as became an instrument of "soft power", promoting the interests of this or that state in the world. The main reasons for the emergence of an international language of communication is driven by are historical, political, economic, informational, and linguistic factors. Throughout the 20th and 21st centuries, we have witnessed the shift of language as a lingua franca. The world society has witnessed the dominance of German and English. The authors analyze the potential of Chinese to become an intermediary language in the international arena at present. It is suggested that despite the interest in the Chinese language, it is nevertheless not in conflict with English; rather it is possible to speak of a peaceful coexistence of several languages of international communication. The foundation for such a linguistic situation in the world is the desire of states to preserve their own linguistic identity and to protect their national interests in the geopolitical arena.
INTERRELATION OF VERBAL AND NON-VERBAL CODES IN POLITICAL METAPHOR (BASED ON MONO- AND POLYMODAL TEXTS OF POLITICAL CARICATURES)
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, Kabakhidze Ekaterina L.
Published: April 2024

The article depicts the interrelation between verbal and visual codes in a political metaphor from the perspective of linguosemiotics and cognitive linguistics exemplified by the integration of image and word in the representation of the meanings of political reality. The study is based on the mono- and polymodal texts of political caricatures. The research aims to describe metaphorical models of national leaders of two linguistic cultures – Great Britain (B. Johnson) and the USA (D. Trump). The schemes of interaction between verbal and nonverbal codes represented by substitution, comparison and hybridization, as well as their role in the formation of a metaphorical image of politician are revealed. The symbolic nature of polymodal texts of political caricatures is analyzed from the perspective of meaning formation by the interpretive consciousness, and the suggestive potential of political texts.
INTERPRETATION OF METAPHORS IN THE HEADLINES OF ECONOMIC TEXT IN THE PRESS
Authors:   Far Eastern State Transport University, Khabarovsk, Russia, Nikitina Maria A.
Published: April 2024

The aim of this article is to analyze the interpretation of metaphors in the headlines of economic texts in the press. The corpus for analysis consists of economic texts published under the section "Wirtschaft" in the German news and political magazine "Der Spiegel". The article examines the role and significance of metaphors in the headlines of economic publications, as well as their interpretation within the texts themselves. It analyses examples of economic headlines and focuses on the repetition of metaphorical units and expressions within the texts. The interpretation of metaphors in the headlines of economic texts published in the press plays an important role in organizing the content and coherence of the texts, as well as in shaping evaluative characteristics and convincing the reader of the legitimacy of the phenomena being presented.
NAMING VARIATION IN ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS OF RUSSIAN FAIRY TALES AND BYLINY TRANSLATED BY NICHOLAS KOTAR IN THE COLLECTIONS IN A CERTAIN KINGDOM
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, Tchemodanova Sofiya Mariya V.
Published: April 2024

This article examines the relation of translation strategies to the naming of Russian culture-bound words. The article reveals the naming variation of culture-specific words in Nicholas Kotar’s English translations of Russian fairy and folk tales in his collections In a Certain Kingdom. The author of the collections adapts Russian culturonyms and concepts from the source material for English speakers by effectively selecting and implementing translation strategies.
PROPER NAMES IN LANGUAGE, TRANSLATION, AND CULTURAL TRANSLATION
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University, St. Petersburg, Russia, Beloglazova Elena V.
Published: April 2024

The paper focuses on onomasticon’s problematic status in language and linguistics. In particular, we posit the following research questions: (1) What is place of onomasticon within a language’s lexicon? (2) Is the current lexicographic practice adequate to the language reality and the users’ needs? (3) Does the modern applied linguistics serve as an adequate theoretical framework for the current practice of intercultural communication, translation and foreign-culture-oriented discourse? The review of approaches towards the nature of the proper names and their place in a language’s lexicon prevalent in the fundamental linguistics allows us to conclude that regardless of the research aspect (semantic, grammatical, or functional), fundamental linguistics treats proper names as a specific category of words, opposed to the rest of the vocabulary basing on a series of parameters. A review of approaches to proper names within branches of applied linguistics, aimed at optimizing the communicative function of language, indicates that they inherit the biased attitude towards proper names, that has been established within fundamental linguistics. This bias results in the theory being inadequate to practical language use. Proper names are characterized by richness and dynamic semantics, formal variability, and functional complexity. Onomasticon in general is highly heterogeneous, with each class of proper names having its functional peculiarities. If we hold it that applied linguistics is meant to solve the problems of language users, facilitate and optimize the language functioning, then excluding a large and highly problematic lexical category from its object, applied linguistics defeats its purpose.
VARIATION IN GARY SHTEYNGART’S FICTION: LOST IN TRANSLATION
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, Lebedeva Irina L. , Vydrin Aleksandr A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
Published: April 2024

The article is aimed at describing various aspects of variation in regard to Gary Shteyngart’s novels, including his translingual background, the titles for his novels and the variety of English used for his novels as well as their translations into Russian. It has been identified that there is a variation in perception of the texts. This variability stems from the linguacultural identity of the readers, which in its turn triggers nonidentical, culture specific images from the same concepts, precedent names, toponyms, and other culture specific lexical units. Russian translators of the literature that encompasses or utilizes Russian English may encounter inconspicuous pitfalls stemming from the assumption of the shared linguaculture. This, in its turn, may lead to misrepresentation of the author’s idiostyle.
RUSSIAN BORROWINGS IN RUSSIAN-CULTURE-ORIENTED ENGLISH
Authors:   St. Petersburg School of Conference Interpreting & Translation (SCIT) at Herzen University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Antonova Anzhelika M.
Published: April 2024

Globalization has made it necessary for all nations to employ international languages, and primarily English, to promote their cultures. Application of a language to a foreign culture by necessity requires certain adaptations of the language. Such type of communication results in the formation of a specialized variety of the language: Foreign-Culture-Oriented (FCO) Language. Making use of the latest achievements in interlinguoculturology (a modern branch of Linguistics worked out by professor V. V. Kabakchi and his school), devoted to the study of the language in its secondary cultural orientation towards a foreign culture, we look at original English-language texts about Russian culture and analyze how culturonyms and in particular Russian borrowings are incorporated into Russian-Culture-Oriented English. We pay a special attention to the cultural adaptation of Russian borrowings in the foreign-culture-oriented language and the compromise of the precision of the text and its accessibility to the audience.
ENGLISH LOANWORDS IN THE AUSTRIAN VARIETY OF THE GERMAN LANGUAGE
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Shirlina Elena N ,   Moscow Pedagogical State University, Moscow, Russia
Published: April 2024

The article discusses loanwords from English in the Austrian variety of German. It deals with linguistic and extralinguistic reasons of foreign borrowings, language policy of German-speaking countries in relation to foreign language vocabulary, classification of English loanwords, as well as key aspects of their adaptation in Austrian German. In addition, the article sums up approaches to the study of English loanwords (mainly based on printed and digital newspapers) and describes the difficulties and prospects of research in this area.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE FORMATION OF COLOR PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS (BASED ON ENGLISH VARIETIES OF THE INNER, OUTER AND EXPANDING CIRCLES)
Authors:   Moscow Pedagogical State University, Moscow, Russia, Lazartseva Annа A.
Published: April 2024

This article analyzes the factors influencing the emergence of phraseological units with a color component. Examples of Englishes from countries with different language situations are used: countries where English is the first and main language, as a native language (ENL) (the Inner Circle, with Australia as an example); where English is a second language (ESL) (the Outer Circle, with Singapore as an example); where English is studied as a foreign language (EFL) (the Expanding Circle, with China as an example). Phraseological units are analyzed from the viewpoint of the applicability of B. Berlin and P. Kay’s theory, as well as influence of conceptual, sociocultural and historical factors on the process of phraseological unit formation. Based on the analysis, it can be assumed that the formation of phraseological units with a color component in the Australian and Chinese varieties of English was mostly influenced by a sociocultural and historical factors, while Singaporean phraseology is based on the conceptual image meaning. B. Berlin and P. Kay’s theory is applicable only to Australian variety of English.
“It's not a physical prison but you can't get out”. How autistic adults make sense of the experience of intimate violence and abuse
Authors: Pearson Amy , Rose Kieran , Mitchell Alex , Joseph Wendy , Douglas Sarah , Sedgewick Felicity , Botha Monique
Published: April 2024

Background: Autistic people are more likely to experience intimate partner violence (IPV) than non-autistic peers, but our knowledge about how they recognise abuse and make sense of what has happened to them is sparse. The aim of this study was to explore how autistic people recognise and make meaning after experiencing IPV.Method: We recruited 21 autistic adults to take part in a semi-structured interview about the experience of IPV. We asked questions about how they had made sense of their experiences, and how it had impacted them. We analysed the data using reflexive thematic analysis. One author coded all data, engaging in reflexive discussion with the whole team. They organised codes into themes in collaboration with a second team member. Results: We identified three themes in the data, which focussed on understanding and sense-making after intimate violence. Theme 1) 'Power' focussed on the role that power dynamics had played in sense-making. Theme 2 'Disruptions of self' explored feeling of dehumanisation, objectification and stigmatisation among participants that led to them feeling like they were worth less than others, and that they had to mould themselves to fit perpetrator expectations. Theme 3 'Now, with hindsight' focussed on how survivors had struggled to recognise the violence, with a sense that it could 'always be worse', and that they needed clearer understanding of what 'red flags' look like in a relationship. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that making sense of the experience of intimate violence among autistic adults is shaped by both individual, interpersonal, and societal factors which normalise violence against autistic people, making it difficult to leave abusive relationships. By highlighting the factors that shape understanding, we can explore how to prevent these occurrences in future (e.g. better early education about neurodiversity, and relationships).
Generative AI-Enabled Therapy Support Tool Improves Clinical Outcomes and Patient Engagement in NHS Talking Therapies
Authors: Habicht Johanna , Dina Larisa Maria , Stylianou Mona , Harper Ross , Hauser Tobias U. , Rollwage Max
Published: April 2024

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a highly effective treatment for depression and anxiety disorders. Nonetheless, a substantial proportion of patients do not respond to treatment. The lack of engagement with therapeutic materials and exercises between sessions - a necessary component of CBT - is a key determinant of unsuccessful treatment. Here we tested whether the deployment of a generative artificial intelligence (AI) powered personalised therapy support tool supporting patients in between sessions leads to improved treatment success and patient engagement with treatment. We conducted a real-world observational study of 137 patients receiving CBT in five of the UK’s National Health Service (NHS) Talking Therapies services. Ninety-three patients (68%) used the AI-enabled therapy support tool whilst forty-four patients were provided with the standard CBT worksheets. Patients using the AI-enabled therapy support tool exhibited greater attendance at therapy sessions and fewer dropouts from treatment. Furthermore, these patients demonstrated higher reliable improvement, recovery and reliable recovery rates when compared to the control group. Within the intervention group, the degree of usage of the AI-enabled tool was directly related to the number of attended therapy sessions and reduced dropouts. Our results thus show that an AI-enabled, personalised support tool is a promising avenue to improve treatment outcomes and patient adherence.
The Effect of Incentivizing Pro-Social Behavior is Context Dependent
Authors: Steward Grace , Galaro Joseph , Lacetera Nicola , Macis Mario , Kahn Jeffrey , Chib Vikram S.
Published: April 2024

Standard economic theory would predict that offering financial incentives to complete an altruistic act should increase individuals' willingness to donate. However, the existing evidence on this effect is mixed. We conducted a laboratory experiment to examine the effects of monetary incentives on an individual’s willingness to accept physical discomfort for donations to charity. Overall, we found that larger monetary incentives increased participants’ likelihood of incurring discomfort for donations to charity, when compared to a purely altruistic condition. However, we also observed an ordering effect, suggesting that if a participant is offered donations to charity alone in return for physical discomfort first, they remain highly motivated by donations to charity when personal incentives are added. These results suggest that context is critical when offering incentives to motivate prosocial behavior, such as blood donation.
Metamorphism (greenschist facia down) of terrigenous rocks in the northern part of the Kularsky gold-bearing district, Yakutia: mineral ratios with cleavage
Authors: Sustavov O. A.
Published: April 2024

In the Kularsky gold-bearing area, where 170 tons of gold were extracted from placers, primary gold deposits have not been well studied; therefore, their development requires detailed geological analysis including the study of rock metamorphism. A large Ulakhan-Sis anticline composed of Permian carbonaceous-terrigenous rocks is found on the northwestern ﬂank of the Kular-Nersky folded belt of the Verkhoyano-Kolyma orogenic region. In this article we describe the material composition of carbonaceous-terrigenous rocks prevalent in the northern part of the Kularsky district. The degree of their postdiagenetic transformations varies from metagenesis in Triassic rocks to muscovite-chlorite and biotite subfacies of the greenschist facia of metamorphism in Permian rocks of the Ulakhan-Sis anticline. As the transition from metagenesis to muscovite-chlorite and biotite subfacies of metamorphism the degree of recrystallization of rocks, the grain sizes of the recrystallization of clastic quartz and the width of newly formed muscovite ﬂakes are increasing, monazite, ilmenite, biotite ﬂakes appear in rocks. These changes occur before the completion of formation in the rocks of the S1 slate cleavage.

After the formation of the latter, mainly before the appearance of a later crenulation cleavage S2, crystallization of pyrite occurs in the rocks. Porphyroblasts of biotite and magnesiosiderite appear during the formation of a crenulation cleavage S2. The appearance of biotite during the formation of the S1 and S2 cleavages may correspond to the theories about the two-stage metamorphism of the rocks of the area. Thus, further metamorphism studies in this region are required.