bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Promoting a World Heritage Site through Social Media: Suwon City’s Facebook Promotion Strategy on Hwaseong Fortress (in South Korea)
Authors: Yoon Sung-Won , Chung Sae Won
Published: June 2018

This paper examines how Hwaseong Fortress, a UNESCO-designated World Heritage Site in South Korea, has been promoted by the city of Suwon by social media. Suwon is the capital of Gyeonggi-do, South Korea’s most populous province, which surrounds Seoul and embraces abundant historical heritages, such as the Hwaseong Fortress. To celebrating the creation of the fortress and its historical values, the city has hosted various cultural events every year, including the year 2016, when the city celebrated ‘2016 Visit Year Suwon Hwaseong.’ As for promotion, the city actively utilises social media platforms, such as Facebook, to raise public attention to the event. This paper attempts to examine how effectively and actively the city promoted the events through social media from 2015 to 2017. Facebook was a particular focus because of its popularity among the Korean public. By comparatively exploring network features, subordinate features and semantic features captured by Node XL for the targeted years, the authors examine any specific changes over time in the city’s promotion patterns. Furthermore, based on the key findings, some suggestions are provided for further development of the promotion strategy.
From Learner-Centered to Learner-Driven Sustainability Education
Authors: Herranen Jaana , Vesterinen Veli-Matti , Aksela Maija
Published: June 2018

Learner-centered sustainability education has been advocated to be used in higher education, but the pedagogy is blurry. In the discussions, also an idea of a learner-driven approach has been promoted. The aim of this study is to study how these pedagogies have been described and suggested to be used by a group of higher education students responsible for planning a teacher education course on sustainability education. This case study uses grounded theory to analyze the higher education students’ beliefs about learner-centered and learner-driven sustainability education. The data was obtained from audio-recordings of the planning process and two semi-structured interviews of five students acting as course designers. The course designers showed to have beliefs about the nature of learner-centered/learner-driven pedagogy, freedom, meaningfulness, acting and making an influence in the learning environment, the nature and ownership of sustainable development knowledge, the diversity of the learners, and pedagogical support. The results indicate that the learner-centered and learner-driven approach are fundamentally different in terms of all of the categories. In conclusion, it is suggested that the terminology concerning learner-centered and learner-driven approaches should be more precise, and sustainability education should be developed towards a more transformative, learner-driven education.
Extrinsic Value Orientation and Decreased Sustainability of Shared Resources: The Moderating Role of Situational Characteristics
Authors: Han Geurim , Kim Junghwa , Park Sun W.
Published: June 2018

In the present research, we investigated the roles of both personal values and situational characteristics in predicting environmentally irresponsible behavior using the tragedy of commons dilemma. Graduate or undergraduate students (n = 138) visited the laboratory as a group of four and completed measures of personal values and played a commons dilemma game online. Participants were led to believe that they were playing with the other three participants, but they were in fact playing with three bot players that were manipulated to use the shared resources either cooperatively or competitively. It was found that people who put more emphasis on extrinsic values (financial success, appealing appearance, and social recognition) relative to intrinsic values (personal growth, affiliation, and community contribution) consumed more shared resources than their counterparts. However, this link was significant only in the competitive condition, suggesting an interaction between personal and situational factors. Supplementary analyses indicate that financial success and community contribution are particularly important in predicting environmentally irresponsible behavior.
Pedestrian Crossing Environments in an Emerging Chinese City: Vehicle Encountering, Seamless Walking, and Sensory Perception Perspectives
Authors: Kim Hyung Min , Mateo-Babiano Iderlina
Published: June 2018

While pedestrian crossings play a vital role in providing seamless mobility for pedestrians, they have also continually been spaces of negotiation, contestation, and conflicts between and among different users. Several evidences have shown that such conflict has always been costly, risky, and even fatal to pedestrians. This research aims to assess the pedestrian crossing from an operational perspective in one emerging Chinese city, Suzhou. To evaluate, this research has developed three indices associated with vehicle encountering (VE index), crossing time (CT index) and H-index which refers to audio-sensory perception or a count on the number of horns. This research used video and audio recordings on sample pedestrian crossings. Pedestrians encountered 1.16 vehicles on average when crossing at the sample roads. The average CT index was 1.19 signifying that pedestrians waited for 19% more than their seamless walking when there was no pedestrian crossing. The H index was 5.8 on average at peak time, meaning that there were 5.8 horns (Hs) from vehicles every one minute or approximately one H per every 10 s at a pedestrian crossing. The analysis of these three indices was strengthened by multilevel regression and multi-variable regression analyses. The paper concludes with insights on how the level of safety of inferior walking environments associated with ambiguous traffic rules, vehicle-prioritised traffic behaviours and passive roles of traffic police officers can be improved.
“Action Space” Based Urban Land Governance Pattern: Implication in Managing Informal Settlements from the Perspective of Low-Income Housing
Authors: Shrestha Reshma , Zevenbergen Jaap , Masum Fahria , Banskota Mahesh
Published: June 2018

Understanding the governance pattern between civil society and market actors in allocation, access to, and use of land for low-income housing is important in managing the informal settlement. In this study, the concept of “action space” is conceptualized as a means to analyze the interaction between civil society and market actors. This novel approach is then applied to a resettlement project in Nepal as a case study. The analysis revealed the mechanism by which the “action space” was created and the push and pull of the “action space” among actors that led to various types of legitimacy. The results show that due to a regulatory vacuum a gap between market legitimacy and social legitimacy was created, resulting in a failure to cater land for low-income housing. Analysis of governance patterns using the lens of “action space” offers an important perspective on how to minimize the gap between market legitimacy and social legitimacy.
The Effect of the Relationship Characteristics and Social Capital of the Sharing Economy Business on the Social Network, Relationship Competitive Advantage, and Continuance Commitment
Authors: Kang Sungmin , Na Youn Kue
Published: June 2018

This study assessed relationship characteristics and social capital from the perspective of interdependent linkage between sharing economy businesses and consumers, which can create the social network and relationship competitive advantage. It verified the importance of the creative production process of the value network of sharing economy businesses. For this purpose, the statistical techniques were used to perform frequency, reliability/validity, suitability, and path analyses on 522 subjects active in sharing economy service communities. A structural model was thus proposed. The results of the study are as follows. First, the results of the path analysis between the relationship characteristics and social network (social relationships, social commitment) of sharing economy businesses showed that mutual influence and emotional connection had a significant effect on social relationships, and mutual influence, sense of belonging, and emotional connection had a significant effect on social commitment. Second, the results of the path analysis between social capital and social network (social relationships, social commitment) of sharing economy businesses showed that pursuit for self-fulfillment, social participation, and pleasure had a significant effect on social commitment. Third, the results of the path analysis between the social relationships, social commitment, relationship competitive advantage, and continuance commitment of sharing economy businesses showed that social relationships and social commitment had a significant effect on relationship competitive advantage, while relationship competitive advantage had a significant effect on continuance commitment.
Electronically Re-Configurable, Non-Volatile, Nano-Ionics-Based RF-Switch on Paper Substrate for Chipless RFID Applications
Authors: Methapettyparambu Purushothama Jayakrishnan , Vena Arnaud , Sorli Brice , Perret Etienne
Published: June 2018

This article reports the first results of a Nafion®-based, solid state, non-volatile, electronically reconfigurable Radio Frequency (RF)-switch integrated to a co-planar waveguide transmission line (CPW) in shunt mode, on a flexible paper substrate. The switch is based on a metal–insulator–metal structure formed respectively using Silver–Nafion–aluminum switching layers. The presented device is fully passive and shows good performance till 3 GHz, with an insertion loss less than 3 dB in the RF-on state and isolation greater than 15 dB in the RF-off state. Low-power direct current pulses in the range 10 V/0.5 mA and −20 V/0.15 A are used to operate the switch. The device was fabricated in an ambient laboratory condition, without the use of any clean room facilities. A brief discussion of the results and potential application of this concept in a re-configurable chipless RFID tag is also given in this article. This study is a proof of concept of fabrication of electronically re-configurable and disposable RF-electronic switches on low cost and flexible substrates, using a process feasible for mass production.
Hybrid Models Combining EMD/EEMD and ARIMA for Long-Term Streamflow Forecasting
Authors: Wang Zhi-Yu , Qiu Jun , Li Fang-Fang
Published: June 2018

Long-term streamflow forecast is of great significance for water resource application and management. However, accurate monthly streamflow forecasting is challenging due to its non-stationarity and uncertainty. Time series analysis methods have been proved to perform well in stationary time series forecasting, which can be derived from decomposition of the non-stationary sequence. As common decomposition methods in time domain, Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) are selected to decompose the components with different time-scale characteristics in the original hydrological time series in this study. The derived components are proved to be stationary by the stationarity test. Thus, Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model, a simple and effective time series analysis method, is used to forecast the components. A hybrid EMD/EEMD-ARIMA model is proposed in this study for long-term streamflow forecasting, which is applied to the upper stream of the Yellow River. The original daily streamflow time series of six years at the Tangnaihai station are firstly decomposed by EMD/EEMD into several stationary or simple non-stationary sub-series to explore detailed data information with different time scales. ARIMA models with appropriate parameters are then established for each subsequence to forecast the stream flow of the next year. Predicted ten-day and monthly stream flow is finally obtained combing the predictions of all the components. The EMD-ARIMA hybrid model performs best in forecasting high and moderate value of streamflow and fits best with the observation compared with EEMD-ARIMA and ARIMA models. The results not only verify the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid EMD/EEMD-ARIMA model in exploiting comprehensive information to improve the prediction but also indicate that the EMD-ARIMA model with end points disposal performs the best and can be used for long-term hydrological forecasting.
Synthesis of hafnium nanoparticles and hafnium nanoparticle films by gas condensation and energetic deposition
Authors: Michelakaki Irini , Boukos Nikos , Dragatogiannis Dimitrios A , Stathopoulos Spyros , Charitidis Costas A , Tsoukalas Dimitris
Published: June 2018

In this work we study the fabrication and characterization of hafnium nanoparticles and hafnium nanoparticle thin films. Hafnium nanoparticles were grown in vacuum by magnetron-sputtering inert-gas condensation. The as deposited nanoparticles have a hexagonal close-packed crystal structure, they possess truncated hexagonal biprism shape and are prone to surface oxidation when exposed to ambient air forming core–shell Hf/HfO2 structures. Hafnium nanoparticle thin films were formed through energetic nanoparticle deposition. This technique allows for the control of the energy of charged nanoparticles during vacuum deposition. The structural and nanomechanical properties of the nanoparticle thin films were investigated as a function of the kinetic energy of the nanoparticles. The results reveal that by proper adjustment of the nanoparticle energy, hexagonal close-packed porous nanoparticle thin films with good mechanical properties can be formed, without any additional treatment. It is shown that these films can be patterned on the substrate in sub-micrometer dimensions using conventional lithography while their porosity can be well controlled. The fabrication and experimental characterization of hafnium nanoparticles is reported for the first time in the literature.
The Multiple Pre-main-sequence System PR Ori and the Associated HH 305 Flow
Authors: Reipurth Bo , Herbig G. H. , Bally J. , Geballe T. R. , Bowler B. P. , Raga A. C. , Chiang H.-F. , Connelley M. S. , Aspin C.
Published: June 2018

A detailed imaging and spectroscopic analysis is presented of the little-studied T Tauri star PR Ori and its associated Herbig–Haro flow HH 305, located on the outskirts of the L1641-N cluster in Orion. PR Ori is shown to be a multiple system, where the A component is a close 0.″077 binary, and the B component, at a distance of 3.″50, is the driver of the large Herbig–Haro flow. A low-luminosity source, here called C, is located 9.″3 to the southeast and is shown spectroscopically to be straddling the stellar/brown dwarf boundary. The corresponding separations in projection are 32, 1450, and 3900 au, respectively. Although PR Ori A is a weak-line T Tauri star, high-resolution optical spectra reveal high-velocity outflowing winds and, at the same time, material infalling with speeds up to 200 km s−1. PR Ori B shows a similar combination of outflow and infall but is a strong Hα emission star, with a major near-infrared excess that dominates the luminosity of the system at wavelengths longer than ∼5 μm. HH 305 displays three pairs of knots symmetrically on either side of PR Ori, with higher velocities near the source and gradually decreasing velocities with increasing distance from the source. The innermost knots show bubble-like morphologies, very different from a collimated jet, with the northern lobe redshifted and the southern lobe blueshifted. The origin and nature of this unusual Herbig–Haro flow is discussed.
Free Neutron Ejection from Shock Breakout in Binary Neutron Star Mergers
Authors: Ishii Ayako , Shigeyama Toshikazu , Tanaka Masaomi
Published: June 2018

Merging neutron stars generate shock waves that disintegrate heavy nuclei into nucleons, especially in the outer envelope. It is expected that some of these neutrons, having avoided capturing positrons, remain as free neutrons even after the disappearance of electron–positron pairs. To investigate how many free neutrons can be ejected from merging neutron stars, we performed special-relativistic Lagrangian hydrodynamics computations with simplified models of this phenomenon in which a spherically symmetric shock wave propagates in the hydrostatic envelope and emerges from the surface. We systematically study a wide parameter space of the size of the merging neutron stars and the energy involved in the shock waves. As a result, it is found that the mass of remaining free neutrons is 10−7 to 10−6 M
⊙, which is smaller than the previously expected mass by more than two orders of magnitude. There is a preferred energy of the order of 1048 erg that yields the maximum amount of free neutrons for large sizes of the envelope. We briefly discuss the emission from the free neutron layer and estimate the luminosity in the optical band to be about 7 × 1041 erg s

∼30 minutes after the merger.
The Influence of Accretion Disk Thickness on the Large-scale Magnetic Dynamo
Authors: Hogg J. Drew , Reynolds Christopher S.
Published: June 2018

The evolution of the magnetic field from the large-scale dynamo is considered a central feature of the accretion disk around a black hole. The resulting low-frequency oscillations introduced from the growth and decay of the field strength, along with the change in field orientation, play an integral role in the accretion disk behavior. Despite the importance of this process and how commonly it is invoked to explain variable features, it still remains poorly understood. We present a study of the dynamo using a suite of four global, high-resolution, MHD accretion disk simulations. We systematically vary the scale height ratio and find the large-scale dynamo fails to organize above a scale height ratio of h/r ≳ 0.2. Using spacetime diagrams of the azimuthal magnetic field, we show the large-scale dynamo is well ordered in the thinner accretion disk models, but fails to develop the characteristic “butterfly” pattern when the scale height ratio is increased, a feature which is also reflected in the power spectra. Additionally, we calculate the dynamo α-parameter and generate synthetic light curves. Using an emission proxy, we find the disks have markedly different characters as stochastic photometric fluctuations have a larger amplitude when the dynamo is unordered.
On Cosmic-Ray-driven Grain Chemistry in Cold Core Models
Authors: Shingledecker Christopher N. , Tennis Jessica , Gal Romane Le , Herbst Eric
Published: June 2018

In this paper, we present preliminary results illustrating the effect of cosmic rays on solid-phase chemistry in models of both TMC-1 and several sources with physical conditions identical to TMC-1 except for hypothetically enhanced ionization rates. Using a recent theory for the addition of cosmic-ray-induced reactions to astrochemical models, we calculated the radiochemical yields, called G values, for the primary dust grain ice-mantle constituents. We show that the inclusion of this nonthermal chemistry can lead to the formation of complex organic molecules from simpler ice-mantle constituents, even under cold core conditions. In addition to enriching ice mantles, we find that these new radiation-chemical processes can lead to increased gas-phase abundances as well, particularly for HOCO, NO2, HC2O, methyl formate (HCOOCH3), and ethanol (CH3CH2OH). These model results imply that HOCO—and perhaps NO2—might be observable in TMC-1. Future detections of either of these two species in cold interstellar environments could provide strong support for the importance of cosmic-ray-driven radiation chemistry. The increased gas-phase abundance of methyl formate can be compared with abundances achieved through other formation mechanisms such as pure gas-phase chemistry and surface reactions.
Spectra and Structure of Accretion Disks with Nonzero Inner Torque
Authors: Dezen Theodore , Flores Bryan
Published: June 2018

We present numerical spectral and vertical structure calculations appropriate for near-Eddington-luminosity, radiation-pressure-dominated accretion disks around stellar-mass black holes. We cover a wide range of black hole spins and incorporate dissipation profiles based on first-principles three-dimensional MHD disk interior simulations. We also include nonzero stresses at the innermost stable circular orbit, which results in the disk effective temperature increasing rapidly toward the black hole and gives rise to rather extreme conditions with high temperatures and low surface densities. We found that local annulus spectra become increasingly characteristic of saturated Comptonization with decreasing distance to the black hole. While the spectra become harder with increasing black hole spin, they do not give rise to a broad power-law tail even at maximum spin. We discuss the implications of our results in the context of the steep power-law state and the associated high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations observed in some X-ray binary systems.