bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Curcumin phytosomal softgel formulation: Development, optimization and physicochemical characterization
Authors: Allam Ahmed N. , Komeil Ibrahim A. , Abdallah Ossama Y.
Published: October 2015

Curcumin, a naturally occurring lipophilic molecule can exert multiple and diverse bioactivities. However, its limited aqueous solubility and extensive presystemic metabolism restrict its bioavailability. Curcumin phytosomes were prepared by a simple solvent evaporation method where free flowing powder was obtained in addition to a newly developed semisolid formulation to increase curcumin content in softgels. Phytosomal powder was characterized in terms of drug content and zeta potential. Thirteen different softgel formulations were developed using oils such as Miglyol 812, castor oil and oleic acid, a hydrophilic vehicle such as PEG 400 and bioactive surfactants such as Cremophor EL and KLS P 124. Selected formulations were characterized in terms of curcumin in vitro dissolution. TEM analysis revealed good stability and a spherical, self-closed structure of curcumin phytosomes in complex formulations. Stability studies of chosen formulations prepared using the hydrophilic vehicle revealed a stable curcumin dissolution pattern. In contrast, a dramatic decrease in curcumin dissolution was observed in case of phytosomes formulated in oily vehicles.
Anti-breast cancer activity of some novel quinoline derivatives
Authors: Ghorab Mostafa M. , Alsaid Mansour S.
Published: October 2015

To discover new bioactive lead compounds for medicinal purposes, 2-cyano-3-(4-substituted)-N-(quinolin-3-yl) acrylamide derivatives 2–24, chromenes 25, 26 and benzochromenes 27, 28 were synthesized. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental analyses, IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopies. In addition, the structure of compound 1 was confirmed through X-ray crystallography. All the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against the breast cancer cell line MCF7. The corresponding 2-cyano-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-N-(quinolin-3-yl) acrylamide (15), 3-oxo-N-(quinolin-3-yl)-3H-benzol[f] chromene-2-carboxamide (27), 2-cyano-3-(4-fluorophenyl-N-(quinolin-3-yl) acrylamide (7), 2-cyano-5-(4-(dimethyl-amino) phenyl)-N-(quinolin-3-yl) penta-2,4-dienamide (19) exhibited higher activity compared to doxorubicin (with IC
50 value of 47.9 μmol L−1) as a reference drug, with IC
50 values of 29.8, 39.0, 40.0, 40.4 μmol L−1, resp. Also, quinoline acrylamides containing 2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl 17, 2-chlorophenyl 10, benzo[d][1,3]dioxol 12, 2-methoxynaphthalen 22, 2,4-dichlorophenyl 18 and quinoline carrying a chromene-3-carboxamide moiety 25 were nearly as active as doxorubicin, while quinoline acrylamides incorporating unsubstituted phenyl 2, p-tolyl 3, 2,4-dienamide 8, 3-nitrophenyl 13, 4-nitrophenyl 14, 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl 16 and chromene 26 exhibited a moderate activity. In addition, quinoline with acetamide 1, 4-hydroxyphenyl 4, 4-dimethylaminophenyl 9, 4-chlorophenyl 11, 3-bromophenyl 20, 4-bromophenyl 21 and 3-thienyl moiety 24 showed less activity than doxorubicin. On the other hand, quinoline having 2-methoxyphenyl 5, 4-methoxyphenyl 6, 4-metho xynaphthalene 23 and chromene-2-carboxamide 28 showed no activity.
A General Fixed Point Theorem For Implicit Cyclic Multi-Valued Contraction Mappings
Authors: Popa Valeriu
Published: October 2015

In this paper, a general fixed point theorem for cyclic multi-valued mappings satisfying an implicit relation from [19] different from implicit relations used in [13] and [23], generalizing some results from [22], [15], [13], [14], [16], [10] and from other papers, is proved.
Exponential Convergence For Markov Systems
Authors: Ślęczka Maciej
Published: October 2015

Markov operators arising from graph directed constructions of iterated function systems are considered. Exponential convergence to an invariant measure is proved.
The analysis of parameters of the cryogenic oxygen unit cooperating with power plant to realize oxy-fuel combustion
Authors: Hnydiuk-Stefan Anna , Składzień Jan
Published: October 2015

The paper examines from the thermodynamic point of view operation of coal fired power unit cooperating with the cryogenic oxygen unit, with a particular emphasis on the characteristic performance parameters of the oxygen unit. The relatively high purity technical oxygen produced in the oxygen unit is then used as the oxidant in the fluidized bed boiler of the modern coal fired power unit with electric power output of approximately 460 MW. The analyzed oxygen unit has a classical two-column structure with an expansion turbine (turboexpander), which allows the use of relatively low pressure initially compressed air. Multivariant calculations were performed, the main result being the loss of power and efficiency of the unit due to the need to ensure adequate driving power to the compressor system of the oxygen generating plant.
Mycoplasma bovis infections and co-infections with other Mycoplasma spp. with different clinical manifestations in affected cattle herds in eastern region of Poland
Authors: Szacawa Ewelina , Niemczuk Krzysztof , Dudek Katarzyna , Bednarek Dariusz , Rosales Ruben , Ayling Roger
Published: October 2015

The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of Mycoplasma bovis infection and co-infections with other Mycoplasma spp. infections in cattle. The tested population was one in the eastern region of Poland containing 66 dairy cows and 23 calves showing different clinical signs and suffering from pneumonia, mastitis, and arthritis. The incidence of M. bovis in co-infections with other Mycoplasma spp. was examined using serological traditional mycoplasma culture methods, and the molecular methods - PCR and polymerase chain reaction/denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR/DGGE). The PCR/DGGE method for detecting Mycoplasma spp. in cattle was used for the first time in Poland. The seroprevalence of M. bovis in the affected cattle herds in the eastern region of Poland was 47.8% in calves and 19.7% in dairy cows. The direct detection and identification of M. bovis from nasopharyngeal swabs by PCR revealed that 56.5% of calves were positive, but all of the dairy cows were negative. The PCR/DGGE identified eight (34.8%) instances of M. arginini and eight (26.1%) instances of M. bovirhinis co-infecting with M. bovis in ten calves. The seroprevalence of M. bovis in the tested population was 33.7%. Any future attempts to control mycoplasma infections require an insight into the current epidemiological situation of M. bovis infection and its relationship to other mycoplasmas in causing clinical disease in cattle. Using these diagnostic methods we have demonstrated that mycoplasmal infections are often caused by multiple species of Mycoplasma and not just the primary M. bovis pathogen.
First report of the giant liver fluke (Fascioloides magna) infection in farmed fallow deer (Dama dama) in Poland – pathomorphological changes and molecular identification
Authors: Karamon Jacek , Larska Magdalena , Jasik Agnieszka , Sell Bartosz
Published: October 2015

A 3-year-old female fallow deer was subjected to the necropsy and virological testing, due to a suspected infectious disease in the herd of farmed deer in the Southeastern region of Poland. The animal was found negative for the presence of BVDV, BoHV-1, BTV, and EHDV antibodies and BVDV antigen. The toxicological examination did not reveal any coccidiostats, mycotoxins, rodenticides, carbamate pesticides, and organophosphorus pesticides. The flukes found during postmortem examination were first characterised microscopically as Fascioloides magna and later their identity was confirmed by PCR and sequencing. The autopsy revealed lesions characteristic for F. magna infection, including different size cystic spaces in the liver, filled with brownish mucous fluid and flukes, and black pigment covering the surface of parietal and visceral peritoneum with the highest concentrations localised next to the liver. The changes observed in the liver tissue were typical of liver cirrhosis. The results demonstrated that in Poland, where the cervid farming is developing dynamically, the problem of fascioloidosis is present and may probably exert a significantly negative influence on the productivity of such farms if no antiparasitic treatment is performed.
Impact of low-concentrated acidic electrolysed water obtained by membrane electrolysis on the decontamination of meat microbiota
Authors: Brychcy Ewa , Jarmoluk Andrzej , Marycz Krzysztof
Published: October 2015

The influence of acidic electrolysed water (AEW) treatment on inactivation of pure bacterial cultures inoculated onto the surface of agarised media and surface microbiota of pork meat were examined. Low-concentrated AEW (low concentration of sodium chloride and low current electrolysis) was generated by electrolysis (5 or 10 min) of 0.001% or 0.01% NaCl solution. The number of viable microorganisms was determined using a plate count method. The effect of AEW on bacterial cell morphology were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). After treatment with AEW, a significant, about 3.00 log reduction of Pseudomonas fluorescens, Yersinia enterocolitica, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Listeria monocytogenes, and Micrococcus luteus populations was observed. In the AEW treatment of pork, the highest reduction of total number of microorganisms (2.1 log reduction), yeast and moulds (2.5-2.6 log reduction), and psychrotrophs (more than 1 log reduction) was observed after spraying with 0.001% NaCl subjected to 10 min electrolysis. SEM revealed disruption and lysis of E. coli and S. aureus cells treated with AEW, suggesting a bactericidal effect. Higher available chlorine concentration (0.37-8.45 mg/L), redox potential (863.1-1049.8 mV), and lower pH (2.73-3.70) had an influence on the shape of bacteria and the number of breaks in the bacterial membrane.
Percentage of CD4+, CD8+, and CD25+ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood of pigs in the course of experimental burns and necrectomy
Authors: Aleksiewicz Roman , Kostro Krzysztof , Kostrzewski Marek , Lisiecka Beata , Bojarski Marcin , Mucha Paweł Adam
Published: October 2015

The aim of the study was the evaluation of changes in the percentage profile of CD4+, CD8+, and CD25+ T lymphocytes, and their predictive value with respect to the course of experimental skin burns and early necrectomy in pigs. Thirty Large White Landrace pigs of both genders, weighing 50 kg (±2 kg), were used. Burns to their skin were performed with the use of a computer-controlled heating plate, applied to the animal’s body and heated to 2000°C, using 2.5 kg pressure for 10 s. It produced a burn of 30% (±2%) of body surface with a range of damage between II b° and III°. In animals of each experimental group fascial necrectomy was performed, according to the testing module. Blood from experimental and non-treated control animals was collected from the external jugular vein before the beginning of the experiment (hour 0) and at 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120, 132, 144, 156, 168, and 180 h of the experiment. An immune response profile was evaluated using flow cytometry analysis of the level and expression dynamics of CD4+, CD8+, and CD25+ particles on the surface of T lymphocytes. The study demonstrated that experimentally-induced burns in pigs caused cell-mediated immune response reflected in the changes in the percentage of CD4+, CD8+, and CD25+ T lymphocytes, and that early necrectomy in burnt pigs acted in a protective manner for the organism, based on the immunological index values. The study also proved that the dynamics of cell-mediated immunological response intensification determined on the basis of the percentage of CD4+, CD8+, and CD25+ T lymphocytes is conditioned by the size of the burnt surface and the time of necrectomy procedure.
Approaches to assessment in CLIL classrooms: Two case studies
Authors: O’Dwyer Fergus , de Boer Mark
Published: October 2015

This article presents two case studies that show how learner involvement and collaboration in assessment are valid pedagogic tools to encourage learner reflection and engagement, particularly where a very traditional approach to language learning is the norm. The authors, who teach in universities in Japan, discuss different but related approaches to assessment in CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) classrooms. The first case study describes how assessment in the classrooms in focus requires more engagement on the part of learners as they must work things out for themselves. Collaborating with classmates, which entails discussing assessment decisions, can foster language development. If learners engage in informal discussion about their learning performance, they can review previous learning, affirm progress, and make suggestions about future learning goals and how to improve their learning outcomes. In the authors’ view these processes help learners to develop self-regulation and self-efficacy. The second case study involves students developing collaboration skills during project work in which they are also involved in the assessment process. They give slide and poster presentations, write reports, and analyze scientific information while collaborating with their classmates. During this process they are also responsible for self- and peer-assessment. As a result of their collaboration they acquire language, but they also develop the ability to collaborate further. The article concludes by briefly discussing learner involvement and collaboration, and the central role that feedback practices can play in learning.
Integrated learner support through language advising: Initial experiences and considerations at Padova University Language Centre
Authors: Bisset Mariana , Gödeke Barbara
Published: October 2015

The Language Centre at the University of Padova provides language courses for students of all disciplines and with a wide range of needs. Over the years, the number of students having to deal with a language requirement has increased exponentially, while the teaching personnel and general resources have struggled to keep up. Catering to all of the various needs, expectations, time commitments and background experience of the students poses quite a challenge. Fostering autonomy in learners by helping them to develop skills related to self-management, self-monitoring and self-assessment (
Spatial Analyses in the Research of Land Cover Changes (A Case Study)
Authors: Mazurek Kinga
Published: October 2015

Increasing human activity significantly influences the geographic environment. The effects of excessive anthropogenic pressure are manifested by changes in land cover and in landscape structure, and land cover changes can particularly well observed in river valleys. In this study we aimed to determine the transformations of land use in 13.9 sq km of the Silesian Voivodeship in southern Poland, including parts of the city of Ruda Slaska and Mikolow County by analyzing changes in land cover that occurred from 1827-2012 and archival and contemporary topographic maps, and aerial photos were used as primary source materials. All materials were prepared with the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), using spatial analyses, such as kernel density and point density in order to define land cover structure changes.

Results show the development of residential areas and the fragmentation of large structures that have occurred over the time period.
Strategies For Immobilization Of Bioactive Organic Molecules On Titanium Implant Surfaces – A Review
Authors: Panayotov Ivan V. , Vladimirov Boyan S. , Dutilleul Pierre-Yves C. , Levallois Bernard , Cuisinier Frédéric
Published: October 2015

Numerous approaches have been used to improve the tissue-implant interface of titanium (Ti) and titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V). They all aim at increasing cell migration and attachment to the metal, preventing unspecific protein adsorption and improving post-implantation healing process. Promising methods for titanium and titanium alloy surface modification are based on the immobilization of biologically active organic molecules. New and interesting biochemical approaches to such surface modification include layer-by-layer deposition of polyelectrolyte films, phage display-selected surface binding peptides and self-assembled DNA monolayer systems. The present review summarizes the scientific information about these methods, which are at in vitro or in vivo development stages, and hopes to promote their future application in dental implantology and in oral and maxillofacial surgery.
Reconstruction Of Glenoid Bone Deficiency With Porous Titanium Nickelide In Recurrent Anterior Shoulder Instability
Authors: Prokhorenko Valery M. , Fomenko Sergey M. , Filipenko Pavel V. , Turkov Petr S.
Published: October 2015

Introduction:One of the main causes of recurrent shoulder instability is a bone defect of the front edge of the glenoid. The available techniques for reconstruction of this bone defect, however, have some disadvantages.

Objective:The aim of this study was to develop a new method that can reduce the number of postoperative complications and improve the efficiency of surgical treatment of recurrent anterior shoulder instability with glenoid bone defect.

Materials and methods:We present here a new method for surgical treatment of post-traumatic recurrent anterior shoulder instability with bony defects using porous NiTi. We operated 5 patients using this method. Computed tomography was used in the preoperative preparation of the NiTi graft. The graft was sawed from a cylindrical billet about 1 cm in thickness. Two screw holes were then made with a drill. The prepared graft was subsequently installed in the area of the glenoid bone defect.

Results:There were no recurrences of the dislocation after the surgical treatment. All patients returned to their previous levels of physical activity.

Conclusions:The proposed method is an alternative to Latarjet procedure and iliac crest bone grafting. The advantages of this method are accurate reconstruction of the bone defect, minimal risk of recurrences, no resorption, and reduction of procedure time.
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis – Dermoscopic Findings And Cryotherapy
Authors: Dobrev Hristo P. , Nocheva Desislava G. , Vuchev Dimitar Iv. , Grancharova Rumyana D.
Published: October 2015

We present a 60-year-old male patient who, three months after a holiday in Southern Greece, found a small ‘pimple’ on his back, which gradually got as big as a small walnut, the central part becoming ulcerated and scabby. Dermatological examination found an erythematous-to-livid nodular lesion on the right shoulder; it was 16 mm in diameter with central ulceration, covered with brownish crust which discharged pus-like secretion upon pressure. Microscope examination of Romanowsky-Giemsa stained lesion material detected amastigote forms ofLeishmania tropica. The culture investigation and serological tests for leishmaniasis were negative. Dermoscopy of the lesion found the following features: erythema, hyperkeratosis, central ulceration covered with brownish crust, “yellow tears-like” structures and “white starburst-like” patterns, and various vascular structures (including dotted vessels, comma-shaped vessels, hairpin- and glomerular-like vessels). The patient was diagnosed with cutaneous leishmaniasis and underwent four cryotherapy sessions every other week with excellent therapeutic results - complete resolution of infiltrate with subsequent gentle hypopigmented scarring. In conclusion, dermoscopy is an easily accessible non-invasive method which can be useful for the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Cryotherapy is the treatment of choice for single skin lesions.
Thoracic Meningioma In Combination With Severe Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Presenting With Atypical Neurological Deficit
Authors: Kehayov Ivo I. , Raykov Stephan D. , Hubavenska Iveta N. , Davarski Atanas N. , Kitova Tanya T. , Zhelyazkov Christo B. , Kitov Borislav D.
Published: October 2015

We report on a case of a 47-year-old female patient with a long history of low back pain irradiating bilaterally to the legs. Twenty days before admission to our clinic, she had developed progressive weakness in the legs, more pronounced on the left side. The initial neurological examination revealed signs of damage to both the cauda equina and the spinal cord. The neuroimaging studies (computed tomography, myelography and magnetic-resonance tomography) found spinal stenosis most severe at L4-L5 level, and right lateral thoracic intradural-extramedullary tumor at T9-T10 level.

The patient underwent two neurosurgical procedures. The first stage included microsurgical resection of the thoracic lesion and the second stage aimed at decompressing the lumbar spinal stenosis.

To avoid missing a diagnosis of thoracic lesions, it is necessary to perform a thorough neurological examination of the spinal cord motor and sensory functions. In addition, further MRI examination of upper spinal segment is needed if the neuroimaging studies of the lumbar spine fail to provide reasonable explanation for the existing neurological symptoms.
Characterizing evidentiality
Authors: Brugman Claudia M. , Macaulay Monica
Published: October 2015

This article examines theoretical and typological characterizations of evidentials. Based on the literature and newly analyzed data from Karuk (a Native American language of California), we argue that two properties are criterial: (i) marking source of evidence and (ii) membership in grammatical systems. Other properties vary crosslinguistically: presence of epistemic, illocutionary, or mirative meaning; speaker deixis; obligatoriness; complementarity of meaning with other items; and truth-conditionality. The values of these variable properties cannot be assumed but must be empirically determined for individual items and languages. Our characterization can serve as a guide for research, examination of the relationship between evidentiality and other categories, and typological work on evidentials.
Continued Smoking in Lung Transplant Patients: A Cross Sectional Survey
Authors: Zmeškal Miroslav , Králíková Eva , Kurcová Ivana , Pafko Pavel , Lischke Robert , Fila Libor , Bartáková Lucie Valentová , Fraser Keely
Published: October 2015

Introduction

Smoking is associated with a higher incidence of post-lung transplantation complications and mortality. Prior to inclusion on the lung transplant waiting list in the Czech Republic, patients are supposed to be tobacco free for at least 6 months. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of smoking, validated by urinary cotinine, among patients post lung transplantation and prior to inclusion on the transplant waiting list.

Methods

Between 2009 and 2012, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of urinary cotinine to assess tobacco exposure in 203 patients in the Lung Transplant Program in the Czech Republic. We measured urinary cotinine in 163 patients prior to inclusion on the transplantation waiting list, and 53 patients post bilateral lung transplantation.

Results

5.1% (95% CI 0.078 to 0.269) of all lung transplant recipients had urinary cotinine levels corresponding to active smoking; and a further 3.8% (95% CI 0.007 to 0.116) had borderline results. Compared to patients with other diagnoses, patients with COPD were 35 times more likely to resume smoking post-transplantation (95% CI 1.92 to 637.37, p-value 0.016). All patients who tested positive for urinary cotinine levels were offered smoking cessation support. Only one Tx patient sought treatment for tobacco dependence, but was unsuccessful.

Conclusion

Smoking resumption may be an underrecognized risk for lung transplantation recipients, particularly among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. More rigorous screening, as well as support and treatment to stop smoking among these patients are needed.
α1B-Adrenoceptor signaling molecule expression in Alzheimer’s disease brain tissue / Alzeimer hastalığı olan beyin dokusunda α1B-Adrenoseptör Sinyal Molekülü Ekspresyonu
Authors: Kim Jin Hee , Lee Sang Cheol , Lim Jae Yong , Kim Dong Seok , Yun Hye Young , Kwon Nyoun Soo , Im Mie Jae , Baek Kwang Jin
Published: October 2015

Objective: Gαh (tissue transglutaminase; TGII), known as the α1B-adrenoceptor signal mediator, is a bifunctional enzyme possessing transglutaminase and guanosine triphosphatase activities. The microtubule-associated protein tau plays a role in formation of neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brain. Tau is also known as a substrate of transglutaminase. We aimed to better understand the correlation between α1B-adrenoceptor signaling and AD.

Methods: We examined not only the cross-linking ability of TGII for tau, but also the expression level of tau as well as α1B-adrenoceptor signaling molecules, TGII and phospholipase C-δ1, in the human brain.

Results: When the tau protein was assayed as a transglutaminase substrate of TGII, tau proteins formed cross-linked products. However, phospholipase C-δ1 inhibited transglutaminase activity in TGII to cross-link with tau in vitro. The amount of expressed mRNA in AD brain tissue was elevated 2~10 fold for tau and 3~20 fold for TGII. Consistent with these observations, the densities of expressed proteins in AD brain tissue also increased 9 fold for tau and 15 fold for TGII. Moreover, phospholipase C-δ1, which is a negative regulator for transglutaminase activity of TGII, also increased 2~25 fold for mRNA as well as 8 fold for protein in AD brain tissue. In contrast, expressed mRNA and protein activity for α1B-adrenoceptor were almost the same between AD and normal brains.

Conclusion: These results suggest that the α1B-adrenoceptor signal mediator, TGII and tau, as a substrate of TGII might have a pathophysiological role in AD, but this correlation may be independent of the α1B-adrenoceptor signaling system, including α1B-adrenoceptor and phospholipase C-δ1.
Spectroscopic characterization of synthetic heteroatom-functionalized fluorescent probes for bioimaging / Sentetik heteroatom-fonksiyonelize floresans probların biyogörüntüleme uygulamaları için spektroskopik karakterizasyonu
Authors: Dilek Özlem
Published: October 2015

Objective: Fluorescent probes are essential tools for monitoring biological systems in cellular environment. Several boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) derived fluorescent probe derivatives have been synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reaction and their spectroscopic properties have also been determined.

Methods: Initial BODIPY dye framework was prepared from the reaction of pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde and benzaldehyde and then readily reacted with heteroatom-based nucleophiles at 3- and 5- position of BODIPY core. The spectroscopic properties of these new molecules have been reported.

Results: Amine based nucleophiles tend to produce broad absorption bands on the spectra. Our studies indicated that heteroatom-based nucleophiles on the BODIPY core resulted in a red shift on the absorption and emission spectra.

Conclusion: The synthesized fluorophores can therefore be potentially used as imaging agents for biological labeling.
Reaction of the CF3 Radical with Various Cations (Ar+, Xe+, O2
+, NO+, CO2
+, C2F5
+)
Authors: Shuman Nicholas S. , Wiens Justin P. , Sawyer Jordan C. , Ard Shaun G. , Martinez Jr. Oscar , Miller Thomas M. , Viggiano Albert A.
Published: October 2015

The kinetics of reactions of the trifluoromethyl radical
(CF3) with several simple cations (Ar+,
Xe+, O2
+, NO+, CO2
+,
C2F5
+) are studied via the variable electron and
neutral density attachment mass spectrometry (VENDAMS)
technique. CF3 is produced via dissociative electron
attachment to CF3I, resulting in radical concentrations that
are smaller than produced using pyrolysis methods, but better
quantified. Rate constants and product branching fractions are
reported, with typical uncertainties of ∼ 30%. Three of
the reactions, Ar+, O2
+, and
C2F5
+ proceed near the calculated collisional rate
constant, while the other reactions are between 10% – 30%
efficient. The inefficiency of the reactions of Xe+ and
CO2
+ can be explained by the reactions strictly obeying
spin-conservation. The reaction of Ar+ yields predominantly
(90%) CF2
+ via dissociative charge transfer,
with a minor channel to CF3
+. The reaction of
C2F5
+ yields predominantly CF3
+ with
a second channel (∼ 25%) yielding
C2F4
+ and CF4, the only example here of
a bond-breaking and bond-making reaction. For the other four
reactions, only charge transfer to yield CF3
+ is
observed. Rate constants for these same ions with CF3I are
also reported and found to be rapid with a variety of products formed.
Accelerometer-Based Monitoring of Upper Limb Movement in Older Adults With Acute and Subacute Stroke
Authors: Narai Emi , Hagino Hiroshi , Komatsu Taiki , Togo Fumiharu
Published: October 2015

Background and Purpose:

Use of the affected extremity during daily life is important if disuse atrophy is to be prevented after stroke. This study examined whether objectively measured real-world upper limb movement is associated with the amount of use of the affected upper limb, as assessed by a standardized assessment tool in older adults with acute or subacute stroke. This study also examined whether the real-world upper limb movement is associated with the extent of impairment of upper and lower extremities.

Methods:

The participants were 19 older adults with hemiparesis from acute or subacute stroke [17 (7) days after the stroke]. All the participants wore 3 accelerometers—1 on each wrist (bilateral accelerometry) and 1 on the waist—throughout a 24-hour period. They were interviewed about use of their upper limb in the real-world setting using a Motor Activity Log. Functions of the affected upper limb or upper and lower limbs were assessed using the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, the Brunnstrom Recovery Stage (BRS), the Simple Test for Evaluating Hand Function, and the Functional Independence Measure tests.

Results and Discussion:

Movement counts measured with the wrist accelerometer on the affected upper limb (unilateral accelerometry) over 24 hours and during the 12-hour daytime period (08:00 to 20:00) were significantly correlated with scores for affected upper limb use (the Motor Activity Log) and functions (the upper extremity BRS and the affected side Simple Test for Evaluating Hand Function), upper and lower extremity functions (the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, the lower extremity BRS, and the motor Functional Independence Measure), and step counts measured over the same period. To estimate the affected upper limb use or disuse, we subtracted the movement counts of the unaffected upper limb from those of the affected upper limb. As a result, the subtracted counts over 24 hours and during the 12-hour daytime period were only related to scores for affected upper limb use and functions.

Conclusions:

Bilateral accelerometry for monitoring upper limb movements in a real-world setting might be useful to clinicians for objective assessment of affected upper limb use or disuse and function among older adults with hemiparesis from acute or subacute stroke.
High-Velocity Quadriceps Exercises Compared to Slow-Velocity Quadriceps Exercises Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Clinical Study
Authors: Doerfler Deborah , Gurney Burke , Mermier Christine , Rauh Mitchell , Black Liza , Andrews Ron
Published: October 2015

Background and Purpose:

Despite improvement in pain and perceived function in older adults following total knee arthroplasty (TKA), objective outcome measures of muscular impairment and ambulatory function demonstrate significant deficits. Evidence suggests that quadriceps power may play a greater role in ambulatory function than measures of strength alone following TKA. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of high-velocity (HV) quadriceps exercises with that of slow-velocity (SV) quadriceps exercises on functional outcomes and quadriceps power following TKA.

Methods:

This study was a randomized clinical study conducted in an outpatient physical therapy clinic. Twenty-one participants who were 4 to 6 weeks post unilateral TKA were randomly assigned to an HV or SV group. Participants performed an evidence-based standardized progressive resistance exercise program in addition to HV quadriceps exercises or SV quadriceps exercises. Participants attended 2 sessions per week for 8 weeks. Before and after the 8-week exercise intervention, participants completed a functional questionnaire, health survey, functional testing, and underwent quadriceps strength and power testing.

Results:

Both groups demonstrated improvements in ambulatory outcome measures, strength, speed, and power. The HV group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in distance walked and quadriceps strength than the SV group.

Limitations:

These data should be considered preliminary because of a small sample size.

Conclusion:

HV quadriceps exercises may be an effective rehabilitation strategy in conjunction with a standardized progressive resistance exercise program beginning 4 to 6 weeks after TKA.
Research infrastructure in Slovenia and the role of academic libraries
Authors: Pušnik Miro , Smrekar Dekleva Doris , Bartol Tomaž
Published: October 2015

In Slovenia, the scientific research infrastructure is implemented through a variety of information systems, and through other many times integrated systems. Due to the development of information and communication technologies, academic libraries are able to create, develop and maintain new library and information services by using the research infrastructure, which has not been used before. Some of these infrastructure systems in which the Central Technological Library at the University of Ljubljana participates are described in this paper. The paper discusses the activities of the Central specialized information centres as part of the Slovenian Current Research Information System SICRIS, consortial procurement of international scientific literature, and library's participation in some of the research projects. A new niche for the affirmation of academic libraries, special information services, such as the information support to the researchers in the process of publication in open access, are also discussed.
Histone deacetylase inhibition reduces hypothyroidism-induced neurodevelopmental defects in rats
Authors: Kumar Praveen , Mohan Vishwa , Sinha Rohit Anthony , Chagtoo Megha , Godbole Madan M
Published: October 2015

Thyroid hormone (TH) through its receptor (TRα/β) influences spatio-temporal regulation of its target gene repertoire during brain development. Though hypothyroidism in WT rodent models of perinatal hypothyroidism severely impairs neurodevelopment, its effect on TRα/β knockout mice is less severe. An explanation to this paradox is attributed to a possible repressive action of unliganded TRs during development. Since unliganded TRs suppress gene expression through the recruitment of histone deacetylase (HDACs) via co-repressor complexes, we tested whether pharmacological inhibition of HDACs may prevent the effects of hypothyroidism on brain development. Using valproate, an HDAC inhibitor, we show that HDAC inhibition significantly blocks the deleterious effects of hypothyroidism on rat cerebellum, evident by recovery of TH target genes likeBdnf,Pcp2andMbpas well as improved dendritic structure of cerebellar Purkinje neurons. Together with this, HDAC inhibition also rescues hypothyroidism-induced motor and cognitive defects. This study therefore provides an insight into the role of HDACs in TH insufficiency during neurodevelopment and their inhibition as a possible therapeutics for treatment.
Autoridad, soledad y mundo: un diálogo entre Jaspers y Arendt
Authors: Straehle Porras Edgar
Published: October 2015

Este artículo explora la relación filosófica entre Arendt y Jaspers desde la idea de autoridad, en parte como contrapunto de la influencia ejercida por Heidegger. Jaspers desarrolló una filosofía de la existencia fundada en el concepto de comunicación y abierta a la figura del otro que estaba comprometida con la política y el presente en general. Sin embargo, Arendt se desmarcará más tarde de su pensamiento al considerar que Jaspers no llega a alcanzar la verdadera dimensión de la pluralidad.
desarrollo de la doctrina de la “Ley natural” en los maestros de la Universidad de Évora
Authors: Delgado de la Rosa Juan Antonio
Published: October 2015

Buscar y bucear en las raíces de ésta cuestión: el planteamiento que afirmaba que el deber procedía exclusivamente de un precepto divino. Los maestros eborenses declaran con absoluta precisión que la obligatoriedad de la ley natural es anterior a todo precepto, esta concepción, impugnada con frecuencia posteriormente, ha dado lugar a una controversia que aún en nuestros días se mantiene viva.
Mckittrick-Wheelock syndrome: A rare case report of acute renal failure
Authors: Mois Emil Ioan , Graur Florin , Sechel Roxana , Al-Hajjar Nadim
Published: October 2015

Giant tubular-villous adenoma of the rectum can determine secretory diarrhea, associated with a depleting syndrome of prerenal acute renal failure, hyponatremia, hypokalemia and hypoproteinemia. These symptoms are known as the McKittrick-Wheelock syndrome, and there are about 50 cases reported in literature. We present the case of a 59-year-old woman presented to our emergency department with abdominal pain, prerenal azotemia, and electrolyte disturbances with a background of chronic diarrhea, caused by a giant rectal tumor. Conservative therapy initially improved and normalized renal function, and made surgical resection of the tumor possible.
PERSPECTIVES OF UKRAINIAN RAILWAY TOURISM DEVELOPMENT ON NARROW-GAUGE LINES OF ZAKARPATTIA
Authors: Kuznetsov V. G. , Pshinko P. O. , Klimenko I. V. , Gumenyuk A. V. , Zahorulko S. M.
Published: October 2015

Purpose.The purpose of the paper is: (1) the definition of perspectives development of Ukrainian railway tourism on the narrow gauge lines of Zakarpattia; 2) technical condition analysis of Borzhava narrow gauge railway for the project to restore the effective functioning of mountain railways track, width 750 mm in the Carpathian region, with the possibility of their accession to the distributed travel network; 3) the study of the modern state and tendencies of development of tourist industry of Ukraine and the passenger economy of national railways; 4) clarification of the role and place of the railway tourism in the transportation system. Methodology. The expert group has carried out field inspections and field investigations of facilities track facilities and passenger infrastructure, rolling stock and ancillary industries involved in the functioning narrow-gauge railway. It was estimated the overall technical condition of the railway track and engineering structures section of narrow-gauge Railways in the Carpathian region. Findings. In the framework of on-site examinations of the expert group found that the objects of tracks, passenger and freight infrastructure, rolling stock and ancillary industries involved in the operation of narrow-gauge Railways are in poor condition and require significant updates and major repairs. But the routes of passenger trains remain fit for participation in the project of development of railway tourism of Ukraine Originality. For the first time the state of the narrow-gauge railway for further implementation of the project on the development of rail tourism in Ukraine was realized. The analysis of foreign experience of organization of railway tourism has been carried out. The modern state and tendencies of development of tourist industry of Ukraine was studied, the factors of competitiveness of rail transport for providing tourist transport in Ukraine were identified and systematized.Practical value. The recovery and effective functioning of mountain railways with a width of 750 mm in the Carpathian region will give an impetus to the tourism development, engineering, construction and energy. At the same time, these actions will allow us to finally implement a scientifically-based effective flood control measures that will protect the population from natural environmental disasters.
SIMULATION OF SUBGRADE EMBANKMENT ON WEAK BASE
Authors: Petrenko V. D. , Sviatko I. O.
Published: October 2015

Purpose. This article provides: the question of the sustainability of the subgrade on a weak base is considered in the paper. It is proposed to use the method of jet grouting. Investigation of the possibility of a weak base has an effect on the overall deformation of the subgrade; the identification and optimization of the parameters of subgrade based on studies using numerical simulation. Methodology. The theoretical studies of the stress-strain state of the base and subgrade embankment by modeling in the software package LIRA have been conducted to achieve this goal. Findings. After making the necessary calculations perform building fields of a subsidence, borders cramped thickness, bed’s coefficients of Pasternak and Winkler. The diagrams construction of vertical stress performs at any point of load application. Also, using the software system may perform peer review subsidence, rolls railroad tracks in natural and consolidated basis. Originality. For weak soils is the most appropriate nonlinear model of the base with the existing areas of both elastic and limit equilibrium, mixed problem of the theory of elasticity and plasticity. Practical value. By increasing the load on the weak base as a result of the second track construction, adds embankment or increasing axial load when changing the rolling stock process of sedimentation and consolidation may continue again. Therefore, one of the feasible and promising options for the design and reconstruction of embankments on weak bases is to strengthen the bases with the help of jet grouting. With the expansion of the railway infrastructure, increasing speed and weight of the rolling stock is necessary to ensure the stability of the subgrade on weak bases. LIRA software package allows you to perform all the necessary calculations for the selection of a proper way of strengthening weak bases.
Altura, número de folhas, composição química e produção de massa seca de Estilosantes Campo Grande sob níveis de potássio e zinco
Authors: Gomes Françoise Mara , Guimarães Cíntia Gonçalves , Ribeiro Karina Guimarães , Silva Janaína de Lima , Santos Regina Silva , Pereira Odilon Gomes
Published: October 2015

Objetivou-se determinar a altura de plantas, o número de folhas totais e vivas, a composição química e a produção de massa seca, no primeiro corte e aos 21 dias de rebrota, do estilosantes cv. Campo Grande, sob diferentes níveis de potássio (K2O), com e sem zinco (Zn). O experimento foi realizado em esquema fatorial 4 x 2, no delineamento em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Foram utilizados quatro níveis de K2O (0; 120; 240 e 360 mg/dm3), com e sem Zn (0 e 6 mg/dm3). Não houve efeito da interação níveis de K2O e Zn, nem efeitos independentes de níveis de K2O e de Zn sobre as características estruturais do estilosantes cv. Campo Grande. Os valores médios para altura de plantas, número de folhas totais e número de folhas vivas foram de 21,2 cm, 30,2 folhas e 27,2 folhas vivas, respectivamente. A produção de massa seca não variou com os níveis de K2O e Zn com valor médio de 3,7 g/vaso. Não houve efeito da interação níveis de K2O e Zn, nem efeitos independentes de níveis de K2O e Zn sobre os teores de matéria seca e de fibra em detergente neutro, obtendo-se valores médios de 29,3% e 46,9% MS, respectivamente. No entanto, foi observado efeito da interação níveis de K2O e Zn para os teores de proteína bruta, que apresentaram resposta quadrática. A rebrota aumentou de forma linear com os níveis crescentes de K2O. Embora o mais alto teor de proteína bruta tenha sido obtido nos níveis zero de potássio e zinco, a adubação com potássio é vantajosa por incrementar a rebrota aos 21 dias do estilosantes cv. Campo Grande.
Efeito do ácido fítico e do ferro inorgânico dietéticos na qualidade da carne suina refrigerada
Authors: Monteiro Renilda Terezinha , Silva Caio Abercio , Bridi Ana Maria , Obra Alexandre , Lozano Arturo Pardo , Peres Louise Manha , Novais Aliny Ketilim , Oliveira Eduardo Raele de
Published: October 2015

O estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da suplementação do ferro inorgânico e do ácido fítico na dieta de suínos em terminação sobre a qualidade da carne após 24 horas e 7 dias de refrigeração. Foram utilizados 40 suínos machos castrados, na fase de terminação, de genética comercial, com 64,34 ± 6,64 kg de peso médio inicial e 108 dias de idade. Os animais foram pesados e alojados individualmente em baias de alvenaria com área de 3 m2 e piso compacto, onde receberam água e ração à vontade durante o período de 30 dias. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, em modelo fatorial 2 x 2, sendo os fatores correspondentes às dietas com e sem ferro inorgânico suplementar (FeI) e com dois níveis de ácido fítico (AF) na ração, alto (4,85%) e baixo (2,98%). Ao atingirem 100,76 ± 6,54 kg de peso médio, os animais foram abatidos, sendo coletadas amostras do músculo longissimus dorsi para análise da qualidade da carne. As amostras foram submetidas às avaliações de pH, cor, marmorização, perda de água por pressão, força de cisalhamento, composição de ferro e oxidação lipídica. Os valores das variáveis avaliadas não foram diferentes entre os fatores, excetuando-se a concentração de ferro no músculo, que foi superior para a dieta com a inclusão de ferro inorgânico. A oxidação lipídica não foi influenciada pela presença ou não do AF e FeI. Os resultados demonstraram que dietas com níveis de AF mais elevados, com ou sem a suplementação de FeI, podem ser utilizadas para suínos em fase de terminação sem prejuízos à qualidade da carne durante a fase de refrigeração
Ensaio de tração em disco circular em misturas asfálticas reforçadas com geogrelhas
Authors: Bastos Gerson Alves , Casagrande Michéle Dal Toé , Da Motta Laura Maria Goretti , Folle Daiane
Published: October 2015

Apresenta-se, neste trabalho, uma avaliação de misturas asfálticas ensaiadas em corpos de prova cilíndricos convencionais, tendo quinze centímetros de diâmetro, reforçadas ou não com dois diferentes tipos de geogrelhas (fibra-de-vidro e poliéster), através do ensaio de tração em disco circular com fenda. Este ensaio, normalizado pela ASTM (ASTM D7313-07), busca avaliar a resistência ao fraturamento de misturas asfálticas. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, constatou-se que as amostras que apresentavam o reforço de geogrelha apresentaram maiores resistência ao fraturamento, quantificada pela energia de fratura. Assim, pela comparação nos ensaios realizados, as amostras com geogrelhas tiveram um melhor comportamento quanto ao faturamento que as amostras sem presença de geogrelha.
Tratamento do chorume de aterro de resíduos sólidos urbanos utilizando um coagulante à base de Tanino, tratamento biológico e ozonização
Authors: Ribeiro Edir Filipe , Buss Marta Verônica , Menezes Jean Carlo Salomé dos Santos
Published: October 2015

A crescente produção de resíduos sólidos, demanda a realização de pesquisas visando atenuar os impactos ambientais decorrentes da destinação desses despejos. Sabe-se que as características qualitativas dos resíduos produzidos no Brasil, são predominantemente de origem orgânica, sendo que a pluviosidade causa a geração de grandes volumes de chorume.O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar duas diferentes alternativas para o abatimento da carga poluidora do chorume gerado, no aterro sanitário de resíduos sólidos urbanos, localizado em um município do meio oeste de Santa Catarina. Através da caracterização e tratamento por processos biológicos seguido de físico-químicos usando um coagulante a base de tanino e um floculante catiônico de alto peso molecular, a fim de se obterem efluentes com características que permitam o seu descarte de acordo com a legislação. Potencializando a eficiência do processo de tratamento, de forma que, a empresa operadora possa adotar em escala real o processo estudado em laboratório.