bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of the effect size of an observed factor based on a multi-variate model for evaluating practical significance of differences between two groups of case-control design
Authors: Hui Liu
Published: April 2020

Background: To determine the effect size of an observed factor for a disease by using consistency in a cohort study (CRC) for evaluating practical significance of differences between two groups of case-control design. Methods: A model of multiple pathogenic factors was established by analyzing the number and distribution of observed factors in a study population. The difference in the incidence between two groups (exposed and unexposed) was calculated according to the model as CRC. The relationship of Youden’s index and true and false-positive ratio (TFR) in case-control design were observed with CRC. Results: The CRC was able to correctly reflect the number of factors combined in the models, and therefore, indicates that CRC is a reasonable indicator of effect size. Difference scores <0.25 indicate that one of four or more factors plays a role in a disease; scores >0.50 indicate one of two factors plays a role in disease and implies a high intensity level of the factor. TFR could correctly reflect CRC. Accordingly, a factor with an effect size (i.e., TFR) less than 6.0 should not be considered a clinically significant factor, even if the observed difference is statistically significant. Conclusions: A CRC over 0.25 OR TFR over 6.0 is suggested as an indicator of a substantial effect size.
Application of Principal Component Analysis and Logistic Regression Model in Lupus Nephritis Patients with Clinical Hypothyroidism
Authors: Huang Ting , Li Jiarong , Zhang Weiru
Published: April 2020

Background : Previous studies indicate that the prevalence of hypothyroidism is much higher in patients with lupus nephritis (LN) than in the general population, and is associated with LN’s activity. Principal component analysis (PCA) and logistic regression can help determine relevant risk factors and identify LN patients at high risk of hypothyroidism; as such, these tools may prove useful in managing this disease. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study of 143 LN patients diagnosed by renal biopsy, all of whom had been admitted to Xiangya Hospital of Central South University in Changsha, China, between June 2012 and December 2016. The PCA–logistic regression model was used to determine the influential principal components for LN patients who have hypothyroidism. Results : Our PCA–logistic regression analysis results demonstrated that serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, blood uric acid, total protein, albumin, and anti-ribonucleoprotein antibody were important clinical variables for LN patients with hypothyroidism. The area under the curve of this model was 0.855. Conclusion : The PCA–logistic regression model performed well in identifying important risk factors for certain clinical outcomes, and promoting clinical research on other diseases will be beneficial. Using this model, clinicians can identify at-risk subjects and either implement preventative strategies or manage current treatments.
Dynamic RMST Curves for Survival Analysis in Clinical Trials
Authors: Liao Jason , Liu G. Frank , Wu Wen-Chi
Published: April 2020

Background The data from immuno-oncology therapy trials often show delayed effects, cure rate, crossing hazards, or some mixture of these phenomena. Thus, the common assumption of proportional hazards is often violated such that the commonly used log-rank test can be very underpowered. In these trials, the conventional hazard ratio for describing the treatment effect may not be a good estimand due to the lack of an easily understandable interpretation. To overcome this challenge, restricted mean survival time (RMST) has been strongly recommended for survival analysis in clinical literature due to its independence of the proportional hazard assumption as well as a more clinically meaningful interpretation. The RMST also aligns well with the estimand associated with the analysis from the recommendation in ICH E-9 (R1), and the test/estimation coherency. Currently, the Kaplan Meier (KM) curve is commonly applied to RMST related analyses. Due to some drawbacks of the KM approach such as the limitation in extrapolating to time points beyond the follow-up time, and the large variance at time points with small numbers of events, the RMST may be hindered.Methods To fully enhance the RMST method, the survival curve using a mixture model is proposed in this paper to construct dynamic RMST curves to evaluate and monitor survival analysis in clinical trials.Results This new dynamic RMST curve overcomes the drawbacks from the KM approach. The good performance of this new proposal is illustrated through three real examples.Conclusions RMST provides a clinically meaningful and easily interpretable measure for survival clinical trials. The proposed dynamic RMST approach provides a useful tool for assessing treatment effect over different time frames for survival clinical trials. This dynamic RMST curve can also be useful for checking whether the follow-up time for a study is long enough to demonstrate a treatment difference. The prediction feature of the dynamic RMST analysis may also be used for determining an appropriate time point for an interim analysis , and an evaluation tool for study recommendation from DMC .
Use of Missing Indicators as Proxies for Unmeasured Variables: Simulation Study
Authors: Sperrin Matthew , Martin Glen P.
Published: April 2020

Background Within routinely collected health data, missing data for an individual might provide useful information in itself. This occurs, for example, in the case of electronic health records, where the presence or absence of data is informative. While the naive use of missing indicators to try to exploit such information can introduce bias when used inappropriately, its use in conjunction with other imputation approaches may unlock the potential value of missingness to reduce bias and improve prediction.Methods We conducted a simulation study to determine when the use of a missing indicator, combined with an imputation approach, such as multiple imputation, would lead to improved model performance, in terms of minimising bias for causal effect estimation, and improving predictive accuracy, under a range of scenarios with unmeasured variables. We use directed acyclic graphs and structural models to elucidate causal structures of interest. We consider a variety of missingness mechanisms, then handle these using complete case analysis, unconditional mean imputation, regression imputation and multiple imputation. In each case we evaluate supplementing these approaches with missing indicator terms. Results For estimating causal effects, we find that multiple imputation combined with a missing indicator gives minimal bias in most scenarios. For prediction, we find that regression imputation combined with a missing indicator minimises mean squared error.Conclusion In the presence of missing data, careful use of missing indicators, combined with appropriate imputation, can improve both causal estimation and prediction accuracy.
Barriers and facilitators in the usability of an integrated blended care program in patients with medically unexplained physical symptoms from the healthcare professionals’ perspective; a qualitative study
Authors: Toonders Suze Adriana Johanna , Poolman Eva Y , Nieboer Marianne E , Pisters Martijn Frits , Veenhof Cindy
Published: April 2020

Background: Increasingly, healthcare policies have changed focus from cure and care to behaviour and health. Prevention is becoming more important, which requires a change in the role of healthcare professionals. Healthcare professionals’ role is changing from being a therapist to taking on the role of a coach. To prevent chronicity in Medically Unexplained Physical Symptoms (MUPS), an integrated blended care program was developed. To apply this new program in daily practice, it is important to gain insight into the usability. From the healthcare professionals’ point of view the concept of usability consists of performance, satisfaction and acceptability. Methods: Data were collected from semi-structured interviews, which were recorded and transcribed. Data were analysed manually and independently by two researchers. Results: Ten healthcare professionals (six physical therapists and four mental health nurses) were interviewed. Six core themes on usability were identified: (1) selection and motivation of patients, (2) training and doing, (3) program procedure, (4) maturity of the e-Coaching application, 5) interprofessional collaboration and (6) expectations and experiences. Conclusion: An integrated blended care program offers the possibility to personalize treatment. This study gathered healthcare professionals’ experiences with and attitudes towards integrating healthcare and offering blended care programs. Findings show attention should be given to the new responsibilities of healthcare professionals, and their role in integrated and blended care. This new approach of delivering healthcare can facilitate interprofessional collaboration. Achieving sustainable change in patients however still requires instruction and support for healthcare professionals implementing behavioural change techniques. Trail registration: The study was approved by the Medical Ethical Committee Utrecht, by number 17/391. Registered 14 June 2017, https://www.metc-utrecht.nl/
Factors associated with the choice of primary treatment at the community level among the elderly in China
Authors: TAO Tiantian , HOU Lili , Shao Rong
Published: April 2020

The authors have removed this preprint from Research Square.
Knowledge regarding 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection among final year health science students at Arbaminch College of Health Sciences, Southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wogayehu Biruk , Taye Wondimagegn , chisha Yilma , Faraja Kahssay
Published: April 2020

Introduction In January 2020, World Health Organization declared the outbreak of novel coronavirus a pandemic (global health emergency). The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge about novel coronavirus and its determinant factors among health science students at Arbaminch Health Sciences College, Southwest Ethiopia.Method A cross-sectional study design was employed to assess the level knowledge about novel coronavirus among 304 graduating class students in Arbaminch Health Science College. The study participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique. The data collection tool consisted of 33 items (10 items about demographic and education related and 23 items about knowledge on novel coronavirus). Multivariable logistic regression was performed using SPSS.Results The vast majority of students 228(75%) scored below 50% and were considered to have poor knowledge on COVID-19. Only 7.6% of participants knew that muscle pain is a symptom of 2019-nCoV infection. One hundred forty three (47%) of the participants did not know any symptoms of COVID-19. Only 24.3% of the respondents answered correctly that rubbing hands with alcohol based sanitizers can help in prevention of disease transmission. Sex, residence and social media use were significantly associated with adequate knowledge on novel coronavirus (p < 0.05).Conclusion Health science students had poor knowledge on COVID-19. The health science college and health authorities should re-examine their capability to manage the deadly virus
Perlocutionary Act of Euphemism in Indonesian Presidential Election Debate 2019
Authors: Wahyuningsih Wahyuningsih , Nirmala Deli
Published: April 2020

Presidential election debate attracts public attention toward general election. Through the presidential debate, euphemism is uttered by candidates, and it creates effect to other debaters. This paper is focused on examining effect (perlocutionary act)of euphemism in presidential election debate 2019. The corpus covers the utterances containing euphemism and their responses as the effect produced by the candidates in the prime presidential election debate 2019. The methods used in analyzing data were pragmatics identity method and referential method. The results show that the effect of using euphemism includes verbal perlocutionary act acceptance namely agreement and verbal perlocutionary act refusal includes contradiction, rebuttal, disagreement, denial and criticism. Verbal perlocutionary act acceptance is only expressed by a candidate from the same party as support. However, the verbal perlocutionary act of refusal is expressed by candidates respectively. It indicates that each candidate has different ideology and communication strategy.
“Cabelo (crespo e cacheado) pro alto, me levando a saltos” em meio à ressignificação das identidades de mulheres negras em contextos sociais e organizacionais
Authors: Mesquita Juliana Schneider , Teixeira Juliana Cristina , Silva Caroline Rodrigues
Published: April 2020

Este artigo tem coEste artigo tem como objetivo analisar processos de ressignificação de identidades de mulheres negras em sua relação com o processo chamado transição capilar e a maneira como a sociedade e as organizações vêm reagindo a essa ressignificação. O estudo contribui para o campo dos Estudos Organizacionais ao problematizar identidades em construção que transitam por diversos espaços sociais e organizacionais que precisam ser repensados a fim de compreender tal processo como muito mais amplo do que meramente estético, no sentido estrito deste termo. A pesquisa é qualitativa e envolveu a realização de entrevistas com roteiros semiestruturados com mulheres que passaram ou estão passando pela transição capilar, cujos enunciados discursivos foram analisados pela abordagem teórico-metodológica da análise francesa do discurso. Os principais resultados evidenciam que as entrevistadas, ao passarem pela transição capilar, tiveram suas identidades ressignificadas e que essa ressignificação traz relevantes alterações nas suas relações na sociedade e nas organizações.
Principales características de la agricultura en los estados fronterizos: evolución del patrón de cultivos
Authors: Pérez Espejo Rosario
Published: April 2020

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo señalar algunas de las características más relevantes de la agricultura en los estados de la frontera norte, poniendo especial énfasis en los cambios ocurridos en el patrón de cultivos en un período que va de 1960 a 1983. El trabajo fue dividido en tres apartados: en el primero se señalan las características generales del sector atendiendo a tres elementos con una tendencia común en la agricultura mexicana. En el segundo apartado se analiza la evolución al interior del sector a través del uso del suelo realizada por la agricultura y la ganadería; y en el último apartado se presenta la evolución de la agricultura con base en su participación dentro de la agricultura nacional y los cambios presentados en el patrón de cultivos.
A REVIEW STUDY ON THE ADOPTION OF CLOUD COMPUTING FOR HIGHER EDUCATION IN KURDISTAN REGION- IRAQ
Authors: Ahmed Abbas Mahmood , Allawi Osamah Waleed
Published: April 2020

Cloud computing is considering as a popular computing model in the Western World. It is still not well understood by much higher education (HE) institutions in the developing world. CC will have a huge effect on the academic and learning environment which will enable their users (i.e., students, educators, and heads) to play out their undertakings adequately with less expense by using the accessible applications based on the clouding offered by the cloud specialist organizations. This study aims to evaluate the factors that influence the adoption of CC for Higher Education within the Kurdistan Region in Iraq. The study was performed utilizing a non-experimental study exploratory research design. This exploratory study included an essential investigation into secondary data. The study development and modeling of secondary data to highlight the final results of the research. Through reviewing the literature of the existing frameworks in CC adoption, it is showed that there are limited institutions developed over the latest years. Moreover, HE in Kurdistan Region needs continued attention to get government support and redesign the educational system to cover all the core aspects in a better way. Here, at any time there is a need to access the applications, software and hardware, platform, and infrastructure; the most required is to have the internet service.
Development and Validation of a Comprehensive Well-Being Scale for People in the University Environment (Pitt Wellness Scale) Using a Crowdsourcing Approach: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zhou Leming , Parmanto Bambang
Published: April 2020

Background

Well-being has multiple domains, and these domains are unique to the population being examined. Therefore, to precisely assess the well-being of a population, a scale specifically designed for that population is needed.

Objective

The goal of this study was to design and validate a comprehensive well-being scale for people in a university environment, including students, faculty, and staff.

Methods

A crowdsourcing approach was used to determine relevant domains for the comprehensive well-being scale in this population and identify specific questions to include in each domain. A web-based questionnaire (Q1) was used to collect opinions from a group of university students, faculty, and staff about the domains and subdomains of the scale. A draft of a new well-being scale (Q2) was created in response to the information collected via Q1, and a second group of study participants was invited to evaluate the relevance and clarity of each statement. A newly created well-being scale (Q3) was then used by a third group of university students, faculty, and staff. A psychometric analysis was performed on the data collected via Q3 to determine the validity and reliability of the well-being scale.

Results

In the first step, a group of 518 university community members (students, faculty, and staff) indicated the domains and subdomains that they desired to have in a comprehensive well-being scale. In the second step, a second group of 167 students, faculty, and staff evaluated the relevance and clarity of the proposed statements in each domain. In the third step, a third group of 546 students, faculty, and staff provided their responses to the new well-being scale (Pitt Wellness Scale). The psychometric analysis indicated that the reliability of the well-being scale was high.

Conclusions

Using a crowdsourcing approach, we successfully created a comprehensive and highly reliable well-being scale for people in the university environment. Our new Pitt Wellness Scale may be used to measure the well-being of people in the university environment.
Document-Level Biomedical Relation Extraction Using Graph Convolutional Network and Multihead Attention: Algorithm Development and Validation
Authors: Wang Jian , Chen Xiaoyu , Zhang Yu , Zhang Yijia , Wen Jiabin , Lin Hongfei , Yang Zhihao , Wang Xin
Published: April 2020

Background

Automatically extracting relations between chemicals and diseases plays an important role in biomedical text mining. Chemical-disease relation (CDR) extraction aims at extracting complex semantic relationships between entities in documents, which contain intrasentence and intersentence relations. Most previous methods did not consider dependency syntactic information across the sentences, which are very valuable for the relations extraction task, in particular, for extracting the intersentence relations accurately.

Objective

In this paper, we propose a novel end-to-end neural network based on the graph convolutional network (GCN) and multihead attention, which makes use of the dependency syntactic information across the sentences to improve CDR extraction task.

Methods

To improve the performance of intersentence relation extraction, we constructed a document-level dependency graph to capture the dependency syntactic information across sentences. GCN is applied to capture the feature representation of the document-level dependency graph. The multihead attention mechanism is employed to learn the relatively important context features from different semantic subspaces. To enhance the input representation, the deep context representation is used in our model instead of traditional word embedding.

Results

We evaluate our method on CDR corpus. The experimental results show that our method achieves an F-measure of 63.5%, which is superior to other state-of-the-art methods. In the intrasentence level, our method achieves a precision, recall, and F-measure of 59.1%, 81.5%, and 68.5%, respectively. In the intersentence level, our method achieves a precision, recall, and F-measure of 47.8%, 52.2%, and 49.9%, respectively.

Conclusions

The GCN model can effectively exploit the across sentence dependency information to improve the performance of intersentence CDR extraction. Both the deep context representation and multihead attention are helpful in the CDR extraction task.
COVID-19 and the 5G Conspiracy Theory: Social Network Analysis of Twitter Data
Authors: Ahmed Wasim , Vidal-Alaball Josep , Downing Joseph , López Seguí Francesc
Published: April 2020

Background

Since the beginning of December 2019, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread rapidly around the world, which has led to increased discussions across online platforms. These conversations have also included various conspiracies shared by social media users. Amongst them, a popular theory has linked 5G to the spread of COVID-19, leading to misinformation and the burning of 5G towers in the United Kingdom. The understanding of the drivers of fake news and quick policies oriented to isolate and rebate misinformation are keys to combating it.

Objective

The aim of this study is to develop an understanding of the drivers of the 5G COVID-19 conspiracy theory and strategies to deal with such misinformation.

Methods

This paper performs a social network analysis and content analysis of Twitter data from a 7-day period (Friday, March 27, 2020, to Saturday, April 4, 2020) in which the #5GCoronavirus hashtag was trending on Twitter in the United Kingdom. Influential users were analyzed through social network graph clusters. The size of the nodes were ranked by their betweenness centrality score, and the graph’s vertices were grouped by cluster using the Clauset-Newman-Moore algorithm. The topics and web sources used were also examined.

Results

Social network analysis identified that the two largest network structures consisted of an isolates group and a broadcast group. The analysis also revealed that there was a lack of an authority figure who was actively combating such misinformation. Content analysis revealed that, of 233 sample tweets, 34.8% (n=81) contained views that 5G and COVID-19 were linked, 32.2% (n=75) denounced the conspiracy theory, and 33.0% (n=77) were general tweets not expressing any personal views or opinions. Thus, 65.2% (n=152) of tweets derived from nonconspiracy theory supporters, which suggests that, although the topic attracted high volume, only a handful of users genuinely believed the conspiracy.

This paper also shows that fake news websites were the most popular web source shared by users; although, YouTube videos were also shared. The study also identified an account whose sole aim was to spread the conspiracy theory on Twitter.

Conclusions

The combination of quick and targeted interventions oriented to delegitimize the sources of fake information is key to reducing their impact. Those users voicing their views against the conspiracy theory, link baiting, or sharing humorous tweets inadvertently raised the profile of the topic, suggesting that policymakers should insist in the efforts of isolating opinions that are based on fake news. Many social media platforms provide users with the ability to report inappropriate content, which should be used. This study is the first to analyze the 5G conspiracy theory in the context of COVID-19 on Twitter offering practical guidance to health authorities in how, in the context of a pandemic, rumors may be combated in the future.
Preference of Specialty Selection In MBBS Medical Students in Government and Private Medical Colleges of Pakistan (Preprint)
Authors: Khan Qudsia Umaira
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

The graduate students of medical colleges comparatively have distinct intentions and certain interests upon whom they decide to enter any specific and specialized practical field of medicine. In fact, career selection of medical students perceived to be very honorable because it provides them an opportunity for serving mankind more than that of any other aspect.

OBJECTIVE

To study the trends selection in MBBS Medical students and to compare the preferences in private and government medical colleges

METHODS

The study is cross-sectional observational study that was carried out from July -2019 to Jan- 2020 in first to third year male and female undergraduate (MBBS) medical students at CMH Lahore Medical College of Lahore, Punjab and undergraduate students (MBBS) from Fatima Jinnah Medical University. Data from 588 questionnaires was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21.0. The normality of the data was analyzed using shipharo wilk test. Modified Schwartz method was used to classify the specialties as having either a controllable or uncontrollable lifestyle. Chi square test was used to evaluate differences between the choice of preference of specialties along with choice of controllable and uncontrollable lifestyle careers among the public and the private medical college students. A p-value≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

Of the 660 questionnaires administered, 588 (98%) were completed and returned comprising more of females respondents 54% compared to males. The prime most reason for the specialty selection was interest, comprising more than half of the students in all the groups preferred to choose their specialty on their interest basis. Surgery was in the top most of the trend but a statistically significant inclination towards medicine was noted in 3rd year student when compared to 1st year students in both the categories of the colleges p value (0.05). More female students preferring pediatrics, medicine and gynecology p value (p=0.000).

CONCLUSIONS

: Most students perceive surgery as a very preferred and fascinating specialty when the students enter medical field .As the years advance they are inclined towards medicine. Females prefer pediatrics, medicine and gynecology .
Сучасні критерії діагностики та принципи лікування множинної мієломи (огляд літератури)
Authors: Yamenko O.O.
Published: April 2020

Множинна мієлома (ММ) становить близько 1 % від усіх злоякісних новоутворень та 10–15 % у структурі гемобластозів. У більшості пацієнтів ММ розвивається на основі моноклональної гаммапатії неясного генезу, що діагностується, зазвичай, випадково у 3–5 % людей віком понад 50 років. Середній ризик прогресування ММ дорівнює близько 1 % у рік. Завдяки сучасним методам діагностики діагноз ММ наразі встановлюють швидше, що дозволяє розпочати лікування в найкоротші терміни. Провідну роль в комплексному лікуванні ММ відіграє поліхіміотерапія. На сучасному етапі розроблені нові, зокрема таргетні, препарати, застосування яких є більш ефективним. Важливе місце в лікуванні ММ посідає високодозова хіміотерапія з подальшою трансплантацією стовбурових клітин. Окремі проблеми діагностики та лікування хворих із ММ залишаються не до кінця вирішеними, тому потребують детальнішого доопрацювання, подальшої розробки фармакологічних препаратів та схем лікування, проведення додаткових клінічних досліджень. Огляд літератури базується на даних клінічних досліджень, рекомендацій European Society for Medical Oncology, National Comprehensive Cancer Network, отриманих з використанням пошукового ресурсу PubMed.
Fatty Acid Characterization of Beef Longissimus from Steers Finished on Fodder Beet or Traditional Winter Forages in New Zealand Compared to US Grain-Fed Beef
Authors: Milopoulos Jillian , Garmyn Andrea , Wilkinson R. C. , Miller Mark
Published: April 2020

Fatty acids were evaluated to characterize lipid profiles of beef from 3 feeding programs: New Zealand (NZ) fodder beet (FB), NZ grass/non-FB (NFB), and United States grain. Strip loins were selected within each program based on expected eating quality focusing on marbling, ossification, and pH. Selection resulted in 6 treatments: FB high quality, FB low quality, NFB high quality, NFB low quality, US Top Choice, and US Select. Samples were aged 21 d or 35 d postmortem. A subset of 152 samples (12–13 per treatment combination) were used for fatty acid characterization. Within the polar lipid fraction, US treatments had lower monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and greater polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) than NZ treatments (P < 0.05). Within the neutral lipid fraction, concentrations of total neutral lipids and proportions of saturated fatty acid, MUFA, and PUFA were affected by treatment (P < 0.05). Total neutral lipids were greatest in Top Choice (P < 0.05) and greater in FB high quality than all other treatments (P < 0.05). Proportions of satu- rated fatty acid in the neutral lipid fraction were greater in NFB treatments than US treatments (P < 0.05); FB treatments were intermediate. Proportions of MUFA were greatest in Top Choice (P < 0.05). Proportions of PUFA were greatest (P < 0.05) in Select, greater in Top Choice than all NZ treatments (P < 0.05), and greater in NFB treatments than FB treatments (P < 0.05). No interactions occurred for any groups of fatty acids in either fraction ( P > 0.05), and aging did not affect fatty acid composition. Lipid profiles were impacted by finishing diet; however, most differences were between US grain-fed beef and NZ treatments—with limited differences between FB and NFB samples—when product was selected based on quality descriptors. Therefore, FB could be substituted for grass forages to sustain the NZ beef industry through winter months and limit seasonality without detrimental effects on product quality.
From Youth for 74 Years of Independence of the Republic of Indonesia (Masohi Militancy: Youth Efforts to Eradicate Radicalism And Terrorism)
Authors: Anakotta Marthsian Yeksi , Disemadi Hari Sutra , Roisah Kholis
Published: April 2020

Youth is an important figure of the national movement because youth are the pillars of national development and the future State of Indonesia. However, one of the problems facing Indonesia today is the involvement of youth in radicalism and terrorism. Answering this problem, this research uses normative juridical research methods with a statutory and conceptual approach. This research shows the need for the role and responsibility of youth in tackling radicalism and terrorism. The active role of youth is a reflection of moral strength, social control and agents of change in the development of the nation and the State of Indonesia, while the responsibility of youth can be carried out with masohi militancy efforts. Masohi militancy is a youth attitude that reflects resilience, enthusiasm and passion to cooperate with each other in tackling radicalism and terrorism in Indonesia which is realized through “Panca-P” namely Pembangunan kepemudaan, Pelayanan kepemudaan, Penyadaran pemuda, Pemberdayaan pemuda and Pengembangan pemuda (Youth Development, Youth Services, Youth Awareness, Youth Empowerment, and Youth Development).
Strategy Of Illegal Technology Financial Management In Form Of Online Loans
Authors: Wahyuni Raden Ani Eko
Published: April 2020

The existence of technological development has an impact on aspects of people's economic life. The emergence of financial technology in the form of online loans makes it easy to get the desired funds in a short and easy process. This study aims to discuss the practice of illegal online lending from the perspective of business ethics. The research method used is Normative Juridical with descriptive analytical research specifications. In the practice of Financial Technology (fintech), namely online loans, several problems have been discovered, such as the emergence of illegal online loans, recorded from January 2018 to April 2019, the Financial Services Authority has blocked 947 types of fintech entities in the form of loans between unlicensed online parties. The existence of illegal financial technology can lead to criminal acts such as fraud, money laundering or misuse of consumer's data. This condition was triggered by many people who did not yet know about the technology financial business. Even for legal online loan services that already have risks, the illegal ones will certainly be more risky, and the last many reports from the public as victims of unethical debt collection by online loan service companies. This happens because of the lack of public knowledge about the legality of online loan service companies
Sharia Life Insurance: Legal Basis and Operational Systems
Authors: Idris Munawir , Darminto Hartono Paulus
Published: April 2020

Islamic life insurance is a non-bank financial institution that is used by the Muslim community as a medium in anticipating risks that might arise in the future. So that people make insurance, especially sharia life insurance as an alternative in dealing with future risks related to one's life. This study aims to determine the legal basis for sharia life insurance and its operating system as a forum for information for Muslim communities in Indonesia. In this study, the author uses the doctrinal research method in which the approach used is the regulatory approach (Islamic law) and the conceptual approach. This research prioritizes secondary data in its management such as primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. This study shows the origin of Islamic insurance is derived from the traditions of the Arab community at the time of the Prophet Muhammad, called Akilah. If someone dies (killed) by someone, then the family of the murderer is obliged to pay blood money (diyat) to the heirs of the victim. The blood money was collected from murderous families and then handed over to the heirs of the victims. This tradition later developed into Islamic insurance known today. Sharia insurance operational system is to use two contracts, namely Tabarru contract and mudharabah contract. With the existence of these two contracts, the elements of gharar, maysir and riba can be removed.
The Analysis of Tax Planning Implementation on Added Tax (Case Study at PT Toyotomo Indonesia and PT RKN Forge Indonesia)
Authors: Nurdiansyah Dian Hakip , Ruchjana Eva Theresna , Alfarisi Moriska
Published: April 2020

Tax is one of the main sources of state revenue. The bigger the tax, the better the state finances. However, for the taxpayers, tax payments are a burden. On the other hand, the company is subject to state tax because its’ activities are the tax object, which is a value-added tax. The aim of this study were to find out the policy of the implementation of Tax Planning of Value Added Tax implemented by PT Toyotomo Indonesia and PT RKN Forge Indonesia, to analyze the proper implementation of Tax Planning in the efficiency of the amount of Value Added Tax Payable, and to analyze the impact of the Tax Planning Implementation on Value Added Tax at PT Toyotomo Indonesia and PT RKN Forge Indonesia. The method used was descriptive quantitative. The data used in this research were primary and secondary data. The data collecting techniques used were interviews, observation, and documentation. The data analysis used was descriptive quantitative analysis with study case approach. The results of the research of Taxation Implementation at PT Toyotomo Indonesia and PT RKN Forge Indonesia related to Value Added Tax to efficient the VAT payable is good and in accordance with the applicable tax regulation. The impact of the tax planning implementation on VAT is minimizing the taxes by conducting activities that are likely to minimize the tax costs such as tax saving, avoiding violations of tax regulations, optimizing the creditable input tax, utilizing the 0% tax facilities.
Competitive Dynamic between Individual Behaviors of the Mass Media Industry
Authors: Yogi Yunanto Yogi Yunanto
Published: April 2020

Abstract-Competitive behavior is also a major factor in the competitive media industry is now getting very tight. This is caused by the print media competition with online or Internet-based media in getting news and advertising to attract participants from readers. This research method uses historical depth case study intended to produce an institutional explanation of the characteristics of the typical behavior shown by principal component analysis. The study also incorporates the classical approach to the historical focus on qualitative interpretation of data, In order to survive, the print media should be able to maintain the credibility and public trust on the information presented is now more attractive and more accurate. The print media began to be threatened because of the rapid development of emerging online media via internet access has encouraged people to seek to access online media simply and easily via mobile phones or gadgets. Connoisseurs of the print media loyal readers will turn to online news media. Reality has happened would threaten the print media industry, but the print media already have the characteristics of the first, namely: the news that is always clear, complete and detailed, online media faster and more cangih to broadcast news and always up to date but the online news can only be enjoyed by using the tool cangih not all communities have the tools and not all people can use technology cangih to always follow the news online.
The Effect of Service Quality on Customer Loyalty Mediated by Customer Satisfaction in Tourism Villages in Badung Regency
Authors: Surahman I Gusti Ngurah , Yasa Putu Ngurah Suyatna , Wahyuni Ni Made
Published: April 2020

The aims of this research was to determine the effect of service quality with customer loyalty. And customer satisfaction as a mediator between the relationship of service quality with customer loyalty. This research was collected data from 100 respondents who were customers who visited the Tourism Village in Badung Regency. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling with partial least square approach. The results indicate an insignificant direct effect of service quality on customer loyalty. Significant direct influence on service quality with customer satisfaction, and customer satisfaction with customer loyalty. Furthermore, the results show an indirect effect between service quality and customer loyalty, which is mediated by customer satisfaction. The findings was empirically indicate that service quality has a negative effect on customer satisfaction. And customer satisfaction has a full mediating effect, customer satisfaction is important explaining the quality of service to drive customer loyalty. Based on the results it can be concluded that this research offers empirical evidence of the relationship of service quality, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. This research makes a theoretical contribution to clarifying the high level of service quality increasing customer loyalty through customer satisfaction.
The Effect of Attitude, Normal Subjective and Perceived Behavioral Control (Pbc) on Actual Purchasing Through Purchases of Online Purchase in The Online Retail Industry
Authors: HEPTARIZA ANITA
Published: April 2020

Online shopping activities are currently growing. Online shopping activities are supported by the increasing number of Internet users. With the growing number of people who know the internet and along with the presence of Generation Z who was born in the digital age make the habit of spending goods and services slowly but surely have to switch online. One of the factors that affect online shopping is the intention of purchasing online. Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) explains that consumer behavior is shaped by attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) that form the intention of online purchasing. This study aims to analyze the effect of attitudes on online purchase intentions, to analyze the effect of subjective norms on online purchasing intentions, to analyze the effect of PBC on online purchase intentions and to analyze the effect of online purchase intentions on actual purchases. The research was conducted at Prama Sanur Beach Hotel. The technique of data collection used are observation, interview, documentation, questionnaires. Data analysis technique using quantitative analysis with PLS program. The results show that attitudes have a positive and significant influence on the intentions of online purchasing. Subjective norms have a positive but insignificant effect on online purchase intentions. Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC) has a positive and significant effect on online purchasing intentions, and online purchase intentions have a positive and significant effect on actual purchases.

 

Keywords: Attitude, Subjective Norm, Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC), Intention Online Purchase, Actual Purchase.
О линейных приближающих формах
Authors: Иванков Павел Леонидович
Published: April 2020

Обобщенная гипергеометрическая функция определяется суммой степенного ряда, коэффициентами которого являются произведения значений некоторой дробной рациональной функции. Взятые со знаком минус корни числителя и знаменателя этой рациональной функции называются параметрами соответствующей гипергеометрической функции. Для исследования арифметической природы значений гипергеометрических функций и их производных (включая производные по параметру) часто используют метод Зигеля. Соответствующее рассуждение, как правило, начинается с построения функциональной линейной приближающей формы. Если параметры гипергеометрической функции рациональны, то для построения этой формы можно применить принцип Дирихле. При этом построение возможно не только для самих гипергеометрических функций, но и для произведений их степеней. Этим объясняется общность результатов, получаемых таким методом. Если, однако, среди параметров имеются иррациональные числа, то применение принципа Дирихле невозможно, и для проведения соответствующего исследования приходится привлекатьдополнительные соображения.

Одним из способов преодоления затруднения, связанного с наличием иррациональных чисел среди параметров гипергеометрической функции является применение эффективного построения линейной приближающей формы, с которой начинается рассуждение. Первоначально эффективные конструкции построения таких приближений появились для функций специального вида (числитель рациональной функции, с помощью которой определяются коэффициенты гипергеометрической функции должен был равняться единице). Изучение свойств этих приближений показало, что они могут оказаться полезными и в случае рациональных параметров: получаемые с помощью эффективных методов количе ственные результаты оказались точнее их аналогов, полученных методом Зигеля. В дальнейшем методы эффективного построения линейной приближающей формы обобщались в различных направлениях.

В данной работе предлагается новая эффективная конструкция линейной приближающей формы для случая, когда для гипергеометрических функций рассматриваются также и производные по параметру. Эта конструкция используется для уточнения оценки снизу меры линейной независимости значений соответствующих функций.
Интервалы малой длины, содержащие алгебраическое число заданной высоты
Authors: Калоша Николай Иванович , Корлюкова Ирина Александровна , Гусева Елена Васильевна
Published: April 2020

Рациональные числа распределены равномерно, хотя расстояния между соседними рациональными числами в последовательности Фарея могут сильно разниться. Для алгебраических чисел это свойство не выполняется. В 2013 г. Д. Коледа [6, 7] нашел функцию плотности распределения действительных алгебраических чисел любой степени при их естественном упорядочивании.

Можно доказать, что количество действительных алгебраических чисел $ \alpha $ степени $n$ и высоты $H(\alpha ) \le Q$ асимптотически равно $c_{1}(n)Q^{n+1}$. Недавно было доказано, что существуют интервалы длины $Q^{- \gamma }, \gamma >1$, свободные от алгебраических чисел $ \alpha , H( \alpha ) \le Q$, однако уже при $0 \le \gamma <1$ их не менее чем $c_{2}(n)Q^{n+1- \gamma }$.

В работе показано, что специальные интервалы длины $Q^{- \gamma }$ и при больших $ \gamma $ могут содержать алгебраические числа, однако их количество не превосходит $c_{3}Q^{n+1- \gamma }$. Ранее аналогичный результат был получен А. Гусаковой \cite{Gus15} лишь для случая $\gamma = \frac{3}{2}$.
Асимптотическая структура собственных чисел и собственных векторов некоторых треугольных ганкелевых матриц
Authors: Матиясевич Юрий Владимирович
Published: April 2020

Ганкелевы матрицы, рассматриваемые в статье, возникли при одной переформулировке гипотезы Римана, предложенной ранее автором. Компьютерные вычисления показали, что в случае дзета-функции Римана собственные числа и собственные вектора таких матриц обладают интересной структурой.

В статье изучается модельная ситуация, когда вместо дзета-фунции взята функция, имеющая единственный нуль. Для этого случая указаны первые члены асимптотических разложений наименьшего и наибольших (по абсолютной величине) собственных чисел и соответствующих им собственных векторов.
Периодические элементы $\sqrt f$ в эллиптических полях с полем констант нулевой характеристики
Authors: Платонов Владимир Петрович , Петрунин Максим Максимович , Штейников Юрий Николаевич
Published: April 2020

Исследование проблемы периодичности функциональных непрерывных дробей элементов эллиптических и гиперэллиптических полей было начато около 200 лет назад в классических работах Н.~Абеля и П.~Л.~Чебышева. В 2014 году В.~П.~Платоновым был предложен общий концептуальный метод, базирующийся на глубокой связи трех классических проблем: проблема существования и построения фундаментальных $S$-единиц в гиперэллиптических полях, проблема кручения в якобианах гиперэллиптических кривых и проблема периодичности непрерывных дробей элементов в гиперэллиптических полях. В 2015-2019 годах в работах В. П. Платонова с соавторами был достигнут большой прогресс в исследовании проблемы периодичности элементов в гиперэллиптических полях, в особенности в эффективной классификации таких периодических элементов. Так, например, в указанных работах В.~П.~Платонова с соавторами были найдены все эллиптические поля $\mathbb{Q}(x)(\sqrt{f})$ такие, что $\sqrt{f}$ разлагается в периодическую непрерывную дробь в $\mathbb{Q}((x))$, а также были получены дальнейшие продвижения в обобщении указанного результата, как на другие числовые поля констант, так и на гиперэллиптические кривые рода $2$ и выше. В настоящей статье мы приводим полное доказательство анонсированного нами в 2019 году результата о конечности числа эллиптических полей $k(x)(\sqrt{f})$ над произвольным числовым полем $k$ с периодическим разложением $\sqrt{f}$, для которых соответствующая эллиптическая кривая содержит $k$-точку четного порядка не превосходящего $18$ или $k$-точку нечетного порядка не превосходящего $11$. Для произвольного поля $k$ являющегося квадратичным расширением $\mathbb Q$ найдены все такие эллиптические поля, а для поля $k=\mathbb Q$ было получено новое доказательство конечности числа периодических $\sqrt{f}$, не использующее параметризацию эллиптических кривых и точек конечного порядка на них.
Определение поля смещений в неоднородном покрытии упругой пластины при прохождении через неё плоской звуковой волны
Authors: Толоконников Лев Алексеевич , Нгуен Тхи Шанг
Published: April 2020

В статье рассматривается краевая задача для системы линейных обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений второго порядка, построенная для определения поля смещений в непрерывно-неоднородном упругом покрытии пластины при прохождении через неё плоской звуковой волны.

Полагается, что однородная изотропная упругая пластина с неоднородным по толщине упругим покрытием граничит с идеальными жидкостями.

Методом степенных рядов получено приближенное аналитическое решение краевой задачи. Краевая задача сведена к задачам с начальными условиями. Решение краевой задачи представлено в виде линейной комбинации фундаментальных решений. Найденное аналитическое решение краевой задачи справедливо для широкого класса законов неоднородности материала покрытия.

Проведены численные расчеты зависимостей компонентов вектора смещения на границах покрытия от угла падения плоской волны.