bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caracterización epidemiológica de los casos de sífilis congénita en el norte de Brasil, de 2014 a 2019
Authors: Almeida Carolina Gomes , Ávila Gabriel Pereira , Teixeira Isabelly Montenegro , Rodrigues Raíza Júlia Viana , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Araújo Maria Helena Mendonça de , Fecury Amanda Alves
Published: September 2021

La sífilis es una enfermedad causada por la bacteria Treponema pallidum, adquirida, en gran parte, por transmisión sexual. La sífilis congénita es una enfermedad contagiosa de transmisión vertical (de la madre al feto). Este estudio tuvo como objetivo presentar el número de casos reportados de sífilis congénita en el norte de Brasil, entre 2014 y 2019, y caracterizar el perfil epidemiológico de los casos. Se realizó investigación descriptiva, transversal y retrospectiva utilizando la base de datos DATASUS. Hubo un aumento en el número de casos en el período evaluado, especialmente el Estado de Amazonas, que presentó el mayor número de notificaciones. En cuanto a la atención prenatal, un promedio de cuatro veces más mujeres se desempeñan que las que no lo hicieron. Las mujeres con grado escolar materno del 5º al 8º grado de la escuela primaria incompleta tuvieron un mayor número de casos de la enfermedad. Aunque la región norte tuvo un alto rendimiento prenatal, la mayoría de los casos de sífilis congénita se diagnosticaron solo después del parto, lo que indica interpretaciones erróneas con respecto a las pruebas y el consiguiente error en el diagnóstico y el tratamiento. Dado que la forma temprana (emergencia hasta el 2º año de vida) es la mayoría del número de casos, hay una evolución favorable de la enfermedad. La escolarización y los ingresos parecen ser factores que influyen en el diagnóstico tardío de la enfermedad. Existe la necesidad de aumentar las parejas tratadas, reduciendo la transmisión de la sífilis y, en consecuencia, la sífilis congénita.
El programa COSME en el marco de la política industrial de la Unión Europea
Authors: Fernández Alvárez Antonio , Alba Alonso José , Angione Alicia E.
Published: September 2021

Este trabajo tiene un doble objetivo. En primer lugar se examina la evolución de la política industrial en la Unión Europea (UE) a partir de los documentos emitidos por las instituciones europeas, prioritariamente las comunicaciones de la Comisión. Este examen trata de conocer las orientaciones y medidas que actualmente ordenan el sector industrial en Europa. En segundo lugar, y en el marco de ese sector industrial, se analiza el programa COSME (Programa para la Competitividad de las Empresas y para las Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas), cuyo objetivo es precisamente el apoyo financiero a las políticas adoptadas por la UE en el transcurso de los últimos años. Se describen sus objetivos y acciones específicas, se calculan los recursos asignados a cada Estado miembro y se evalúan sus efectos sobre los sectores beneficiados.
El Plan de Acción para la Internacionalización de la Economía Española 2021-2022
Authors: De Estrategia de Internacionalización Subdirección General
Published: September 2021

El Consejo de Ministros aprobó, el 11 de mayo de 2021, el Plan de Acción para la Internacionalización de la Economía Española 2021-2022, tercer plan bienal que desarrolla la Estrategia de Internacionalización de la Economía Española 2017-2027.  Este plan ha sido elaborado por el Ministerio de Industria, Comercio y Turismo a través de la Secretaría de Estado de Comercio y sus organismos e instrumentos dependientes, con la participación de todos los ministerios con actividad en materia de internacionalización, consultadas las comunidades autónomas y el sector privado. Tiene como objetivo impulsar la internacionalización de la economía española y posicionar al sector exterior como pilar de la recuperación económica y generador de empleo, con carácter estructural, a través de la mejora de la competitividad y la mayor presencia de las empresas españolas en el exterior. Sus medidas siguen las líneas orientativas que señaló el Plan de Choque frente a la COVID-19, puesto en marcha desde el inicio de la pandemia para mitigar el impacto de la crisis sobre el sector exterior y proteger el tejido exportador hasta que pueda recobrar su actividad con normalidad. Se busca que los instrumentos y herramientas de apoyo a la internacionalización ayuden a la transformación del sector exterior y a su adaptación a las nuevas tendencias, siendo más competitivo y resiliente. Asimismo, estas orientaciones están alineadas con el Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia.
Продуктивність нуту залежно від елементів технології в умовах півдня України
Authors: Влащук А.М. , Дробіт О.С. , Місєвич О.В. , Конащук О.П. , Кляуз М.А.
Published: September 2021

Мета. Встановити процеси формування урожайностіта посівних якостей насіння нуту залежно від застосу-вання гербіцидів за різних строків їх внесення в умовахпівдня України.Методи. Дослідження проводили протягом2018–2020 рр. на дослідному полі Інституту зрошуваногоземлеробства НААН, яке розташоване в південній степо-вій зоні України. Використовували такі методи, як польо-вий, візуальний, вимірювально-ваговий, лабораторний,математично-статистичний, розрахунково-порівняльний.Результати. За фактором А (гербіцид) максималь-ний середній показник сумарного водоспоживання посі-вів нуту, а саме 3 455 м3/га, встановлено на варіантахКонтролю 1 (без гербіцидів). За фактором В (строк вне-сення гербіциду) максимальне середнє значення показ-ника встановлено за використання препаратів гербіцид-ної до сівби нуту. За використання гербіцидів найменшийкоефіцієнт водоспоживання, а саме 2 058 м3/т, встанов-лено на варіантах досліду, де застосовували препаратМерлін – 0,13 л/га після сівби культури. Формуваннюнайвищої середньої врожайності насіння нуту за засто-сування гербіцидів (фактор А), а саме 1,58 т/га, сприяловикористання препарату Мерлін – 0,13 т/га. За факто-ром В (строк внесення гербіциду) максимальну середню урожайність, а саме 0,86 т/га, отримали за застосуванняпрепаратів гербіцидної дії після сівби нуту.Висновки. Максимальний середній показник сумар-ного водоспоживання за використання гербіцидів,а саме 3 424 м3/га, встановлено на варіантах досліду,де застосовували препарат Імі Віт – 1,0 л/га до сівбикультури. Мінімальний коефіцієнт водоспоживання,а саме 2 058 м3/т, встановлено на варіантах досліду, дезастосовували препарат Мерлін – 0,13 л/га після сівбикультури. Під впливом препаратів гербіцидної дії макси-мальну середню урожайність насіння, а саме 1,62 т/га,посіви культури сформували за застосування препаратуМерлін – 0,13 л/га після сівби культури.
Інтерв’ю кандидатів сільськогосподарських наук, провідних наукових співробітників відділу селекції Інституту зрошуваного землеробства Національної академії аграрних наук України Галини Базалій та Людмили Усик
Authors: Базалій Г. , Усик Л.
Published: September 2021

Інтерв’ю кандидатів сільськогосподарських наук, провідних наукових співробітників відділу селекції Інституту зрошуваного землеробства Національної академії аграрних наук України Галини Базалій та Людмили Усик
EFFECT OF ASIATIC MANGROVE (RHIZOPHORA MICRONATA) LEAVES EXTRACT AS ANALGESIC IN MALE ALBINO DDW MICE (MUS MUSCULUS L.) INDUCED BY 0,7% ACETIC ACID
Authors: Nanuru Erika Widianingsih , Dewi Lestari , Wibowo Prajogo
Published: September 2021

Background : Pain is an unpleasant emotional experience that illustrates ongoing tissue damage. Excessive use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can cause peptic ulcer to gastric mucosal damage and perforation. Indonesia contains the largest area of mangrove forest in the world. There are 45 species of mangrove found and one of them is Asiatic Mangrove (Rhizophora mucronata). This type is easy to find and rich of alkaloids and flavonoids which can be used as analgesics.
Method:  This study used post-test only control group design. The number of mice that used was 25 mice, divided into 5 groups. Which were given different therapies aquadest 10mL/KgBW, acetosal 150 mg/KgBW, extract of Rhizophora mucronata 250 mg/KgBW, 500 mg/KgBW, and 1000 mg/kg bw. The pain was induced by 0,7% glacial acetic acid at a dose of 10 mL/KgBW.  The writhes of the mice was being calculated with an interval of 10 minutes in 30 minutes.
Result:  The results of the analysis showed the decrease in writhes of mice  in acetosal group dose 150 mg/kg bw, Rhizophora mucronata leaves extract dose 250 mg/kg bw, 500 mg/kg bw, and 1000 mg/kg bw. There was a significant difference in the results of the Mann-Whitney U test with p<0,05 in the aquadest group and the acetosal group with the Rhizophora mucronata leaves extract group dose 500 mg/kg bw, the difference between the acetosal group and the Rhizophora mucronata leaves extract group dose 250 mg/kg bw, and the difference between the Rhizophora mucronata leaves extract group dose 500 mg/kg bw and the Rhizophora mucronata leaves extract group dose 1000 mg/kg bw.
Conclusion: Rhizophora mucronata leaves extract dose 500 mg/kg bw can provide analgesic effect and can reduce the writhing frequency in mice much better than acetosal group.
Ports, maritime transport, and industry: The immediate impact of COVID-19 and the way forward
Authors: Alamoush Anas S. , Ballini Fabio , Ölçer Aykut I.
Published: September 2021

The spread of coronavirus (COVID-19) has led to the implementation of unprecedented global restrictions and strict safety measures. Countries and authorities imposed, inter alia, lockdowns, social distancing, border closing, prechecks, and personal protective equipment. Nonetheless, the restrictions had consequences for the whole transport sector. This study endeavors to investigate COVID-19’s immediate impact and the ensuing issues for ports, shipping, and the maritime supply chains and industry. Therefore, we conducted an exploratory review of various sources and, in addition, utilized our findings to conduct a case study to investigate the responses to the pandemic and issues arising in the Port of Aqaba/ Jordan. The way forward for ports to follow after the pandemic was also identified. The results of the analysis of impacts were categorized into 6 different, yet interconnected, attributes. Impacts illustrated how adversely COVID-19 shocked maritime transport, supply chains, and industry, and how the consequent restrictions complicated operations. Findings indicate that ports need to maintain resilience through the pandemic- the same is true for any future shocks- by building risk management plans and expanding the circle of cooperation regionally and globally, not only within the port, but also including the maritime supply chains. Furthermore, despite its unfavorable impacts, the COVID-19 pandemic is considered as the spark for the reconfiguration of shipping and port operations, particularly by integration of smart and digital technologies and by enhancing sustainability, e.g., climate change adaptation and mitigation. Along these lines, post-COVID-19 economic recovery and the way forward should harness socioenvironmental pathways. While the study provides timely analysis, including insights and lessons learned, which can inform policymakers and practitioners on the severity of the pandemic and future pathways, it also contributes to scholarly discussions by pointing out future research agendas that could guide further academic investigations.
Oulunsalon Varjakan sahamiljöö moninaisten toimijoiden kulttuuriperintökohteena
Authors: Äikäs Tiina , Kuokkanen Tiina , Tranberg Annemari , Ikonen Tiia
Published: September 2021

Vanhat teollisuusympäristöt ovat viime vuosina saaneet osakseen huomiota, kun niitä on purettu, muutettu asuinalueiksi ja virkistyskäyttöön mutta myös käytetty sellaisenaan esimerkiksi urbaanin löytöretkeilyn ja taiteellisten projektien näyttämöinä. Artikkelissamme käsittelemme teollisuuskohteeseen liittyviä paikan muuttuvia merkityksiä käyttäen esimerkkinä Varjakan saha-aluetta Oulunsalossa. Muun muassa materiaalista kulttuuria, historiallisia lähteitä ja muistitietoaineistoa hyödyntäen pystymme tarkastelemaan Varjakan elinkaarta tehtaiden toiminnan ajalta aina nykypäivään ja tulevaan käyttöön asti. Aineistomme pohjaa Varjakassa tehtyihin koekaivauksiin, kartoitukseen, muistitiedon keruuseen sekä Varjakan materiaalin arkistotutkimukseen. Artikkelissamme nostamme esiin kysymyksiä sahaympäristöjen ja -yhteisöjen rakennettujen tilojen tulevaisuudesta sekä suojeltuina tiloina, erilaisten toimintojen näyttämöinä, paikallisten identiteetin osana että arkeologisina kohteina. Varjakan sahan kautta otamme kantaa siihen, kuinka hylätyt teollisuuskohteet saavat perinnöllistymisen kautta uusia merkityksiä ja käyttötarkoituksia, ja millainen on eri toimijoiden rooli tässä prosessissa.
Maanselältä merelle
Authors: Puolakka Hanna-Leena
Published: September 2021

Kesällä 2020 ja keväällä 2021 sain mahdollisuuden tuottaa kaksi uitto- ja metsätyöaiheista näyttelyä: Ensimmäinen nousi Savukoskelle kotiseututalo Puistolaan, toista rakennetaan parhaillaan Iin kotiseutumuseoon. Vaikka aihepiiri on käytännössä sama, löytyi paikkakuntien teollisuushistorian väliltä paljon mielenkiintoisia eroavaisuuksia. Molempia näyttelyitä yhdistää aiheena uitto ja metsätyö, mutta näyttelyistä muodostui lopulta muuten hyvin erilaiset. Savukoskella uitto jäi huomattavasti pienempään rooliin kuin metsätyömaat, sillä juuri savotoilla oli selvästi suurempi paikka Kemijoen alkulähteiden seutuvilla asuvien Saulaisten sydämissä. Iissä jokisuun asukkailla oli vain hataria mielikuvia suursavotoista, sillä suurin osa paikallisista oli ollut töissä paikallisesti, siis nimenomaan tukkien uitossa tai erottelulla. Iloitsin kuitenkin siitä, että itse olen päässyt läheisesti tutustumaan pohjoisen suurten jokien molempiin todellisuuksiin. Eniten jäin kaipaamaan enemmän aiheen sosiaalihistoriaan liittyvää tutkimusta.
Teolliset ja varhaisteolliset arkeologiset kohteet Metsähallituksen inventoinneissa
Authors: Tuovinen Tapani
Published: September 2021

Teollisuuden arkeologisten jäännösten luonne ja jakauma on paljolti yhteydessä siihen, miten pääomavaltaisia tuotannontekijöitä (varhais)teollisuuteen katsotaan kuuluvan. Tässä tarkastellaan teollista perintöä sen rajauksen perusteella, joka sisältyy Arkeologisen kulttuuriperinnön oppaaseen. Metsähallituksen mailla on tämänhetkisen arkeologisen inventoinnin tilannekuvan perusteella 808 mainitun rajauksen mukaista arkeologista kohdetta. Niihin kuuluu Kirjakkalan (1686) ja Kurimon (1854) ruukkien lisäksi mm. satoja hiilimiiluja ja niiden komplekseja, Lapin kultaryntäyksen keskeisiä paikkoja ja Vimpelin Huosianmaankallion kalkkiuunit. Lauhanvuoren kansallispuiston kankailla olevat jäljet hiekkakiven kaivuusta indikoivat 1800-luvun myllynkivikäsiteollisuuden merkitystä. Valtiollisen kaivostoiminnan jäännösten dokumentointi Raaseporin Jussarön rautalouhoksessa (1834−1861) toi esiin aineelliset todisteet vankityön epäinhimillisistä olosuhteista.
REFORMY DAŇOVÉHO PRÁVA V (NE)SOUVISLOSTI S COVID-19
Authors: Radvan Michal , Svobodová Tereza
Published: September 2021

Článek potvrzuje hypotézu, že velká většina změn v daňověprávních předpisech v České republice majících sloužit k překlenutí ekonomické krize způsobené pandemií covid-19 a snížení jejích negativních dopadů spadá do kategorie politicum. To platí zejména pro daňové právo hmotné, typicky pro zrušení daně z nabytí nemovitých věcí a superhrubé mzdy. Změny, až na výjimky, nemají s krizí či s nemocí nic společného a covid-19 je v českém prostředí zneužíván k prosazení politických záměrů. Je evidentní, že mnohé novelizace (typicky zrušení transferové daně a superhrubé mzdy) mohly být provedeny dávno před pandemií.
A Covid-19-fertőzés terhességi manifesztációi
Authors: Török Marianna , Vezér Márton , Zubek László , Keszthelyi Márton , Várbíró Szabolcs
Published: September 2021

Magyarországon 2020 márciusa óta tu­dunk igazolt Covid-19-fertőzöttekről. A SARS-CoV-2 okozta betegségről kez­detben úgy tudtuk, hogy nem jelent különösebb veszélyt a várandósokra, de va­lószínűleg az egyre növekvő esetszámok és az új mutációk létrejötte miatt ma már ezt nem állíthatjuk. A legújabb eredmények szerint várandósság esetén nő a kórházi kezelés, az invazív lélegeztetés, a ha­lál kockázata, fokozódik a koraszülés és csá­szár­metszés esélye. Úgy tűnik, hogy vertikális fertőzés csak az esetek kis százalékában jelentkezik. Magyarországon tudomásunk szerint eddig hét várandós nő vesztette életét a Covid-19 miatt. További szigorú vizsgálatokra van szükség a terhességi szövődmények pontosabb ismere­téhez.
Организационные предложения по сокращению сроков ввода объектов завершенного строительства в эксплуатацию
Authors: АГЕЕВ Сергей Михайлович , ЗЕЙНИЕВ Габил Ясинович
Published: September 2021

Введение объекта в эксплуатацию как этап, завершающий цикл строительного производства, имеет сроки, часто сравнимые со сроками строительства. Увеличение сроков ввода в эксплуатацию объектов капитального строительства ведет к значительным дополнительным затратам и снижению конкурентоспособности строительных организаций, работающих на рынке предоставления строительных услуг. Авторами предложены организационные мероприятия по сокращению сроков ввода объектов в эксплуатацию. Выполнена оценка вероятности ввода объекта в эксплуатацию на основе экспоненциального распределения. Проведено сравнение вероятностей при предлагаемом (параллельном) и традиционном (последовательном) порядке ввода объекта завершенного строительства в эксплуатацию и регистрации прав собственности при оптимистичном, усредненном и пессимистичном вариантах выполнения процедур. Анализ результатов расчетов показывает, что при предлагаемом порядке прохождения процедур сроки ввода объектов на завершающем этапе цикла строительного производства могут быть значительно снижены.
Интеграция железнодорожного транспорта в интермодальную транспортную систему города
Authors: ВЛАСОВ Денис Николаевич
Published: September 2021

Рассмотрены вопросы трансформации железнодорожного транспорта и его интеграции в систему пассажирского транспорта города. В мировой практике накоплен богатый опыт изменения железнодорожного транспорта из региональной транспортной системы, обеспечивающей эпизодические поездки жителей пригорода в город, в эффективную систему, которая формирует транспортный каркас агломерации и способствует ежедневным перемещениям жителей со всеми целями. Один из основных способов соединения разрозненных, радиальных железнодорожных направлений в единую систему - строительство линий, объединяющих их в диаметры. Планировочное развитие железной дороги в условиях сложившейся плотной городской застройки, нередко насыщенной памятниками архитектуры, озелененными территориями общего пользования, невозможно без решения вопроса о внеуличной трассировке линий. Прохождение линий железной дороги на эстакаде через центр города может быть в крайне редких, исключительных случаях. Тоннельное прохождение - это более дорогая, но наиболее эффективная альтернатива. Приведены основные системы, реализованные в мировой практике. Выполнен сравнительный анализ показателей систем и рассмотрены факторы, которые (с учетом отечественной специфики) могут быть использованы при разработке нормативных рекомендаций по планированию развития железнодорожного транспорта в крупнейших городах России. Проведен регрессионный анализ систем с целью определения действующих факторов. Предложены номограммы, использование которых возможно при долгосрочном планировании. Данный метод апробирован на примере Москвы. Изложены практически значимые рекомендации по дальнейшему развитию проекта Московских центральных диаметров и Московского центрального кольца.
Нелокальные модели демпфирования в динамических расчетах конструкций из композитных материалов
Authors: СИДОРОВ Владимир Николаевич , БАДЬИНА Елена Сергеевна
Published: September 2021

Статья посвящена исследованию и разработке нелокальных математических моделей демпфирующих свойств строительных конструкций, изготавливаемых из структурно сложных материалов (композитные и наноматериалы), для применения их в расчетах на действие динамических нагрузок. Классические модели демпфирования вполне удовлетворительно моделируют диссипативные свойства конструкций из традиционных строительных материалов (бетон, сталь). Однако результаты экспериментальных проверок показывают их существенное расхождение с результатами динамических расчетов конструкций из структурно сложных материалов. Один из прогрессивных современных подходов к адекватному моделированию диссипативных проявлений строительных конструкций из структурно сложных материалов при их сопротивлении динамическим воздействиям - аппарат дробного дифференцирования. Представлен альтернативный подход, основанный на положениях нелокальной механики. Разработанные нелокальные модели являются управляемыми, их калибровка осуществляется по результатам эксперимента с применением метода наименьших квадратов. При этом рассматриваются как аналитические модели, так и численные, органично включенные в алгоритмы расчета строительных конструкций, испытывающих нестационарные динамические воздействия, методом конечных элементов. Построение нелокальных моделей, а также обоснование их работоспособности и точности показаны на примерах динамических расчетов балок из термореактивного стеклопластика.
Ecological and typological features of forest vegetation of the object of the Emerald network «Dergachivskyi forest» of the north-eastern Forest Steppe
Authors: Tymochko I. , Solomakha V.
Published: September 2021

Forest typological and ecological properties are presented and the representation of natural complexes of the object of the Emerald Network of Ukraine «Dergachivskyi forest» (UA0000283 Dergachivskyi forest) in the territory of the Kharkiv region is covered, it has a total area of 8860.32 hectares. This object is located in the Dergachiv forestry of the State Enterprise «Kharkiv Forest Research Station» in the north-western part of the Kharkiv region. The studied area is a wavy plain with a well-defined valley-beam relief and a developed ravine-beam network. Forest areas covered with forest vegetation are represented by plantations of 24 tree species. The main forestforming tree species Quercus robur (8965.9 hectares, 87.94%); Pinus sylvestris occupies a much smaller area (671.1 hectares, 6.59%). Other tree species occupy minor areas: Betula pendula (128.8 hectares, 1.26%), Tiliacordata (98.8 hectares, 0.97%), Fraxinus excelsior (98.8 hectares, 0.97%), Robinia pseudoacacia (56.1 hectares, 0.55%), Acer platanoides (51.3 hectares, 0.50%) and others. Forest areas covered with forest vegetation are represented by 12 edatopes, covering all trophic groups and moisture levels from dry to moist. The most common types of forest vegetation conditions are fresh (7485.7 hectares, 73.43%) and dry (1922.3 hectares, 18.86%) oak woods. There are 18 forest types in the forest areas covered by forest vegetation, the most common of which are fresh maple-linden oak woods (7485.7 hectares, 73.42%), a slightly smaller area is occupied by dry maple-linden oak woods (1922.3 hectares, 18.86%); much smaller area is occupied by fresh oak-pine forest (496.6 hectares, 4.87%). Quercus robur grows in 6 forest types, the most common of which are fresh (7069.0 hectares, 78.84%) and dry (1882.7 hectares, 21.00%) maplelinden oak woods. Within this area, a number of Emerald forest habitats which are listed in Resolution 4 of the Berne Convention have been identified. So on the bases of the carried-out researches the following settlements of the Emerald network are revealed: E1.71, G1.11, G1.41, G1.A1, G3.4232.
Prospective directions regarding the management of forestry development in Podilsk economic region
Authors: Yaremko O.
Published: September 2021

The article considers theoretical and methodological approaches and prospects for stimulating the development of forestry in the Podilsk economic region. The main factors of negative impact on stimulation and development in the forest sector of the region are identified. Promising management approaches that will ensure effectiveness in the management of the timber industry are clarified. The stages of solving the problems of forestry in carrying out reforms with the use of foreign experience, as well as improving institutions, market mechanisms in combination with state support are given. It is proved that the development of the forest resource sphere of the Podilsk economic region should be based on the active cooperation of public-private partnership, which will attract additional financial resources for the development, modernization and creation of new forestry industries. And also change of the approach of administrative decisions will promote development of infrastructural maintenance of the Podolsk economic area. The introduction of modern management mechanisms will reduce the monopolization of the timber market in the region, and the attraction of private capital in forestry will lead to a competitive environment. In turn, forestries, as stakeholders in the regional market process, will be motivated to increase wood diversity with an emphasis on more valuable species of wood. The directions of improvement and improvement of conditions of forestry development in Podil economic region, and also regulation of forestry which should provide stable development of forestry by increase of rationality of management and multipurpose use of forest resources are defined.
Economic efficiency of growing grain corn using new biofertilizers based on sewage sludge
Authors: Krutyakova V. , Pilyak N. , Nikipelova O.
Published: September 2021

The results of evaluation of economic efficiency of grain corn cultivation in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine, in which biofertilizers on the basis of sewage sludge (SS) of biological treatment plants (BTP) «Southern» and «Northern» Odessa with the addition of vegetable fillers winter and sunflower seed husks) with the participation of phosphate-mobilizing bacteria Microbacterium barkeri LP-1 were used. The use of native SSs of both BTPs in comparison with the control increases the yield (by 0.7 t/ha or by 16.6% — BTP «Southern» and 1.0 t/ha or by 23.8% BTP «Northern») with an increase in costs per 1 hectare of sown area (3677 UAH or 40.4% — BTP «Southern» and 3703.2 UAH or 40.6% — BTP «Northern»). Under these conditions, the cost of 1 ton of product increases by UAH 500 UAH/t, which is 21.5% of BTP «Southern» and 351.4 UAH/t, which is 15.1% of BTP «North». In proportion to the growth of productivity, the amount of profit, which is UAH 853.4, also increased. UAH/ha or 3.8% of BTP «Southern» and 3001.3 UAH/ha, or 13.5% of BTP «North». As a result of additional costs associated with the use of organic fertilizers in the form of SSs, the level of profitability decreased by 26.0 percentage points. — BTP «Southern» and 19.2 percentage points. — BTP «North». Under the conditions of application of bioorganic fertilizer with straw in comparison with the absolute control, the grain yield of corn increases (by 1.5 t/ha or by 33.3% — BTP «Southern» and 2.2 t/ha or by 48.8% — BTP «Northern») with an increase in costs per 1 hectare of sown area (4221.7 UAH or 46.4% — BTP «Southern» and 4282.8 UAH or 47.0% — BTP «Northern»). In proportion to the increase in yield, the amount of profit, which amounts to UAH 6,034.6 / ha, also increased significantly. When applying bioorganic fertilizer with sunflower seed husk in comparison with absolute control, the grain yield of corn increases (by 1.5 t/ha or by 33.3% — BTP «Southern» and 2.3 t/ha or by 51.1 — BTP «Northern») with an increase in costs per 1 ha of sown area (4224.4 UAH or 46.4% — BTP «Southern» and 4294.2 UAH or 47.2% — BTP «Northern»). In proportion to the increase in yield, the amount of profit also increased significantly, amounting to UAH 6,032.0 / ha or 27.1% of BTP «Southern»and 11,760.3 UAH/ha, or 52.9% of BTP «Northern». Due to the outstripping growth of corn grain yield in comparison with the increase of costs when applying bioorganic fertilizer, the increase of indicators of economic efficiency of corn grain cultivation is achieved. The factors that underlie the increase in production efficiency — yield, profit and profitability.
Ecological and economical aspects of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growing on sod-podzolic soil depending on fertilization and amelioration
Authors: Poliovyi V. , Yashchenko L. , Rovna H. , Huk B. , Yuvchyk N.
Published: September 2021

Assessment of the state and changes forecast of balances of humus and nutrients under the influence of anthropogenic factors, in particular fertilizers which are the criteria for environmental monitoring is given in the article. At the same time, the introduction of an environmentally friendly fertilizer system should ensure the economic efficiency of growing crops on a par with the preservation of soil fertility. The aim was to study the influence of the system of winter wheat fertilization on the balance of humus and nutrient elements on sod-podzolic soil and to establish the economic efficiency in research’s variants. The fertilizer system includes variants with amelioration a 1,0 dose of dolomite flour by the hydrolytic acidity (Hh), mineral fertilizers N120Р60K90 with addition of sulfur S40 and microfertilizer Nutrivant Plus Cereals (2 kg/ha) in foliar application. Methods of research were field trials, calculation, comparative and statistical analysis. Research’s results. Ploughing of plants by-products of back into soil is a source of organic carbon and nutrients. The yield of winter wheat straw in the variants changed from 2.04 to 4.47 t/ha. The largest amount of root (1.27 t/ha) and surface (1.47 t/ha) residues were provided by application 1.0 dose CaMg(CO3)2 and N120Р60K90 with the addition of S40 and microfertilizer Nutrivant Plus Cereals. The above fertilizer system provided a positive humus balance of 1.39 t/ha. The difference of data in variants with and without straw showed that due to straw ploughing in the soil accumulated up to 27–31% of the relative values of the newly formed humus. Optimization of the nutrition conditions due to fertilizers and liming caused an increase uptake of nutrients by culture, which together with unproductive losses led to a decrease of elements balance. At the same time, an increase the elements removal occurred at indicators of the intensity of NPK balance above 100%. This allowed us to conclude that the winter wheat fertilization of N120Р60K90 with the addition S40 and microfertilizer in combination with 1Hh dose of dolomite flour provides extension of sod-podzolic soil fertility along with increasing economic profitability of wheat cultivation. In this case, the grain yield of 3.85 t/ha contributed to the highest (1.52 UAH/ha) payback of fertilizer and liming.
Assessment of the state of the Protoka river water system by toxicological and bioindicative indicators
Authors: Prysiazhniuk N. , Slobodeniuk O. , Vered P. , Horchanok A. , Pishchan S. , Hubanova N.
Published: September 2021

Water resources are one of the most important, but at the same time the most impressible components of the environment. This component is able to change very quickly under the influence of economic and human activities. The constant growth of anthropogenic pressure on the hydrosphere, changes in water regime and surface water reserves cause to impairment of quantitative and qualitative indicators of surface water. Biological tests play a special role in assessing the environment state. The results of chemical analysis performed with the help of complex equipment, in many cases do not allow assessing the true danger of pollutants on the environment, to predict the effects of their impact on living organisms. Various pollutants, getting into the environment, can undergo transformations, while increasing their toxic effects. For this reason, methods of integrated assessment of the quality of the aquatic environment are necessary. Biotesting methods play a huge role in this. Biotestingis used for express control over industrial waste, control of technological processes in real time; to determine the level of toxicity of new products, to control the toxic effects of materials, drugs, food, to determine the quality of drinking water, etc. The methodological possibilities of studying the toxicity of various substances on test organisms have significantly expanded over the last twenty years. We are intensively searching for the most sensitive test objects and indicators. Instrumental methods of analysis are being worked out. Various methods are used to assess the quality of the aquatic environment, changes in the parameters of physiological systems and the biochemical status of test organisms, test organs.The Protoka River ecological condition in Bila Tserkva district of Kyiv region was studied by bioindication methods (study of fluctuating asymmetry of aquatic organisms’ development, growth test to establish phytotoxicity of water and coastal soil). Toxicological investigation (pH determination, TDS, content of heavy metals in the coastal soil) were set. Histological parameters of silver carp parenchymal organs were conducted. Changes in the histostructure of the liver and kidneys of silver carp were detected. They indicate unfavorable conditions for fish. The obtained results can be used for ecological monitoring of the aquatic environment.
Рeculiarities of sunflower (Helianthus L.) growing on dried tury-podzolistic soil in the conditions of climate change
Authors: Savchuk O. , Melnychuk A. , Kochyk H. , Hurelya V. , Drebot O.
Published: September 2021

In the conditions of global warming, the area of cultivation of thermophilic crops, in particular sunflower, is shifted from the southern regions of cultivation to the Polissya zone. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the efficiency of growing sunflower on drained soils without regulating the water regime with different fertilizer systems. The study analyzes the state of moisture supply of drained sod-podzolic soil during the growing season 2018–2019. It is established that in the summer total reserves of productive moisture in the 0–100 cm soil layer decreased to critical parameters (60 mm), and the groundwater level dropped to 2.5–3.0 m (depth bookmarks drains — 1.1 m). The results of the influence of different levels of fertilizer on the yield and quality of sunflower seeds (Jason hybrid), which was placed in the crop rotation after winter wheat, are presented. It is established that in the conditions of deficit of moisture in the soil, use of the norm of mineral fertilizers recommended for the Polissya zone (N60P60K90) with 40 t/ha of manure, increased 1.5 times more than norm (N90P90K135) against 4,0 t/ha of straw and the recommended one — against the background of straw and foliar fertilization with microfertilizer Yarilo were equivalent. When using them, the same seed yield was obtained — at the level of 2.30–2.33 t/ha. When applying the recommended rate of mineral fertilizers in conjunction with the straw of the predecessor, there was a decrease in seed yield by an average of 14.0%. Double fertilization of crops with complex chelated microfertilizerYarilo significantly increased the yield of sunflower on the options without mineral fertilizers and when using N60P60K90 on a background of straw. The oil content in the seeds was 47.5–50.1%, no significant dependence on the fertilizer system was observed. The most cost-effective fertilizer system was identified — N60P60K90 compatible with straw and microfertilizer Yarilo, at which the yield of sunflower seeds was 2.3 t/ha and the level of profitability was 43.5%.
Populism as Communication: Political Campaigning on Facebook
Authors: Koc-Michalska Karolina , Klinger Ulrike
Published: September 2021

We adopt the notion of populism as a communication phenomenon that includes typical elements of content and of style, moving away from actor-centered approaches towards a content-centered approach. Empirically, our study measures populism to varying degrees and forms in 3564 Facebook postings of political parties in France, Germany and the United Kingdom during the 2014 EU elections campaigns, the 2017 national parliamentary election campaigns, and a non-electoral period in 2018 in each country. The results show that populism is not a marginal phenomenon, but that it is present in about one fourth of all postings in some form; that there is variance between countries, party types, policy fields, and over time. While radical parties are very exclusionary towards out-groups on the radical right and very anti-elitist on the radical left and the radical right, this observation provides only a partial view of the multifaceted phenomenon of populism.
COVID-19: The Awareness of Health-Related Complications of COVID-19 among College Students
Authors: Rosario Martín G. , Mathis Andrea , Roberts Emily
Published: September 2021

Background: COVID-19 affects the health and quality of life of the entire world. Despite the toll COVID-19 places on the diverse body systems involving the health of those who suffer from this illness and the communication capabilities of the current era, there are still gaps in information related to the repercussions of this virus.
Purpose: To identify the common proficiency of the complications of COVID-19 in a diverse population of college students.
Methods: The present study employed a survey created in Google forms and shared online with students from Texas Woman’s University Dallas and Denton Campus.
Results: The complications of COVID-19, which are thoroughly recognized and repeatedly selected, were a sense of smell, changes in taste, loss of appetite, and muscle pain. However, we identified a shortage of awareness regarding the more severe problems of the virus, such as heart failure, heart arrhythmias, liver damage, long-term musculoskeletal issues, and kidney failure.
Conclusion: Despite the health-related complications of COVID-19, the current study determined a disquieting disparity in education attributed to the long-and short-term impairments of this virus. We encourage anyone exposed to COVID-19 or with the possibility of being exposed to delve into all the various health issues created by this virus, such as those alluded to in this report. Future research should focus on strategies to assemble and disseminate the complications associated with COVID-19 more effectively.
PLANEJAMENTO DAS LICITAÇÕES
Authors: Pena Felipe Lopes , Carvalho João Francisco Sarno , Silva Sheldon William , Carvalho Giovani Brandão Mafra de
Published: September 2021

O trabalho objetivou estruturar a melhor maneira para se planejar as licitações, que são as compras realizadas pela Administração Pública, buscando sugestões para agilizar seus processos por meio da organização, sem infringir nenhuma lei, norma ou regra vigente, para que o setor solicitante receba adequadamente o que foi pedido em tempo hábil, prezando também pela economicidade dos recursos disponíveis. Para isso, foi feito um estudo de caso em uma empresa pública, onde foram verificadas as características específicas dos processos licitatórios e os fluxos de informações pelos quais eles passam. Verificou-se que, conhecendo o fluxo do processo, padronizando a forma de se fazer os pedidos de compras, marcando o tempo máximo em que a pasta permanece no responsável atual e utilizando um calendário anual de compras, é possível reduzir o tempo de entrega dos itens e dos serviços prestados. Como considerações finais foi constatado que seria necessário o acompanhamento da rotina em um setor de compras para saber até onde os funcionários conhecem o processo, até mesmo para sugestão de melhorias, considerando os entraves existentes.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO PROGRAMA RESIDÊNCIA PEDAGÓGICA NA FORMAÇÃO DO ALFABETIZADOR DA EJA
Authors: Procópio Elizabete Ramalho , Mucci Georgina Maria Faria , Iennaco Juliana de Paula
Published: September 2021

Este artigo buscou analisar e discutir as práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas na Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA), pelos acadêmicos (residentes) do curso de Pedagogia das Faculdades Integradas de Cataguases, participantes do Programa Residência Pedagógica (CAPES), bem como verificar as contribuições do programa para a formação docente. O programa foi realizado em uma escola pública em Cataguases – MG, e oportunizou aos acadêmicos de Pedagogia a experimentarem in loco as vivências e a dinâmica de uma sala de aula, supervisionados por professores da IES e da escola envolvida, além de possibilitar um exitoso estágio curricular. Essa imersão na educação básica permitiu ao residente uma relação reflexiva na construção de seu fazer docente. Os dados foram obtidos por meio da análise dos relatórios dos residentes, e de artigos sobre a temática de formação de professores, embasados nas discussões de autores referência na área. As bases da teoria de Paulo Freire direcionaram a práxis dos residentes/ acadêmicos. Para os discentes da escola campo, a presença dos residentes na sala de aula permitiu aos mesmos um atendimento mais específico. Pode-se dizer que no bojo do desenvolvimento do Programa Residência Pedagógica com alunos da EJA, os residentes obtiveram uma maior propriedade sobre as características dessa modalidade de ensino, e uma melhor percepção dos desafios para atuar na alfabetização de jovens e adultos na atualidade.
Female Peasant Crime in Russia (second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries)
Authors: Mukhina Zinara Z.
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the main features of female peasant crime during the post-reform period in Russia. The importance of this problem flows from the parallels between the current state of Russian society, which still retains some transformed peasant values and mentality, and the state of society at the boundary of XIX– XX centuries. The role of a woman in peasant life was as significant as the role of a man. The radical changes in the country in the post-reform period appear in a new light through the perspective of the female deviant behaviour, which contributes to a better understanding of Russia's past and its impact on the present.
Progress in the Application of Carbon Dots-Based Nanozymes
Authors: Jin Jun , Li Linlin , Zhang Lihui , Luan Zhihui , Xin Shuquan , Song Kai
Published: September 2021

As functional nanomaterials with simulating enzyme-like properties, nanozymes can not only overcome the inherent limitations of natural enzymes in terms of stability and preparation cost but also possess design, versatility, maneuverability, and applicability of nanomaterials. Therefore, they can be combined with other materials to form composite nanomaterials with superior performance, which has garnered considerable attention. Carbon dots (CDs) are an ideal choice for these composite materials due to their unique physical and chemical properties, such as excellent water dispersion, stable chemical inertness, high photobleaching resistance, and superior surface engineering. With the continuous emergence of various CDs-based nanozymes, it is vital to thoroughly understand their working principle, performance evaluation, and application scope. This review comprehensively discusses the recent advantages and disadvantages of CDs-based nanozymes in biomedicine, catalysis, sensing, detection aspects. It is expected to provide valuable insights into developing novel CDs-based nanozymes.
Diversity of Macrophages in Lung Homeostasis and Diseases
Authors: Hou Fei , Xiao Kun , Tang Li , Xie Lixin
Published: September 2021

Lung macrophages play important roles in the maintenance of homeostasis, pathogen clearance and immune regulation. The different types of pulmonary macrophages and their roles in lung diseases have attracted attention in recent years. Alveolar macrophages (AMs), including tissue-resident alveolar macrophages (TR-AMs) and monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages (Mo-AMs), as well as interstitial macrophages (IMs) are the major macrophage populations in the lung and have unique characteristics in both steady-state conditions and disease states. The different characteristics of these three types of macrophages determine the different roles they play in the development of disease. Therefore, it is important to fully understand the similarities and differences among these three types of macrophages for the study of lung diseases. In this review, we will discuss the physiological characteristics and unique functions of these three types of macrophages in acute and chronic lung diseases. We will also discuss possible methods to target macrophages in lung diseases.
Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: Potential Targets for Improving Prognosis After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Wu Fan , Liu Zongchi , Li Ganglei , Zhou Lihui , Huang Kaiyuan , Wu Zhanxiong , Zhan Renya , Shen Jian
Published: September 2021

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has a high mortality rate and causes long-term disability in many patients, often associated with cognitive impairment. However, the pathogenesis of delayed brain dysfunction after SAH is not fully understood. A growing body of evidence suggests that neuroinflammation and oxidative stress play a negative role in neurofunctional deficits. Red blood cells and hemoglobin, immune cells, proinflammatory cytokines, and peroxidases are directly or indirectly involved in the regulation of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the central nervous system after SAH. This review explores the role of various cellular and acellular components in secondary inflammation and oxidative stress after SAH, and aims to provide new ideas for clinical treatment to improve the prognosis of SAH.
Interpretable Recognition for Dementia Using Brain Images
Authors: Song Xinjian , Gu Feng , Wang Xiude , Ma Songhua , Wang Li
Published: September 2021

Machine learning-based models are widely used for neuroimage-based dementia recognition and achieve great success. However, most models omit the interpretability that is a very important factor regarding the confidence of a model. Takagi–Sugeno–Kang (TSK) fuzzy classifiers as the high interpretability and promising classification performance have widely used in many scenarios. TSK fuzzy classifier can generate interpretable fuzzy rules showing the reasoning process. However, when facing high-dimensional data, the antecedent become complex which may reduce the interpretability. In this study, to keep the antecedent of fuzzy rule concise, we introduce the subspace clustering technique and use it for antecedent learning. Experimental results show that the used model can generate promising recognition performance as well as concise fuzzy rules.
Bioenergetic Requirements and Spatiotemporal Profile of Nerve Growth Factor Induced PI3K-Akt Signaling Along Sensory Axons
Authors: Sainath Rajiv , Gallo Gianluca
Published: September 2021

Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) promotes the elaboration of axonal filopodia and branches through PI3K-Akt. NGF activates the TrkA receptor resulting in an initial transient high amplitude burst of PI3K-Akt signaling followed by a maintained lower steady state, hereafter referred to as initiation and steady state phases. Akt initially undergoes phosphorylation at T308 followed by phosphorylation at S473, resulting in maximal kinase activation. We report that during the initiation phase the localization of PI3K signaling, reported by visualizing sites of PIP3 formation, and Akt signaling, reflected by Akt phosphorylation at T308, correlates with the positioning of axonal mitochondria. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation but not glycolysis is required for Akt phosphorylation at T308. In contrast, the phosphorylation of Akt at S473 is not spatially associated with mitochondria and is dependent on both oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. Under NGF steady state conditions, maintenance of phosphorylation at T308 shows dual dependence on oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. Phosphorylation at S473 is more dependent on glycolysis but also requires oxidative phosphorylation for maintenance over longer time periods. The data indicate that NGF induced PI3K-Akt signaling along axons is preferentially initiated at sites containing mitochondria, in a manner dependent on oxidative phosphorylation. Steady state signaling is discussed in the context of combined contributions by mitochondria and the possibility of glycolysis occurring in association with endocytosed signalosomes.