bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamical Analysis and Chaos Control of a Driven System with One Cubic Nonlinearity: Numerical and Experimental Investigations
Authors: Wang Zhen , Sun Wei , Wei Zhou Chao
Published: March 2012

The dynamics of a non-autonomous chaotic system with one cubic nonlinearity is studied through numerical and experimental investigations in this paper. A method for calculating Lyapunov exponents (LEs), Lyapunov dimension (LD) from time series is presented. Furthermore, some complex dynamic behaviors such as periodic, quasi-periodic motion and chaos which occurred in the system are analyzed, and a route to chaos, phase portraits, Poincare sections, bifurcation diagrams are observed. Finally, a first order differential controller for the non-autonomous system is designed. Also some dynamics such as Poincare sections, bifurcation diagrams for specific control parameter values of the controlled system are showed using numerical and experimental simulations.
Effect of Pretreatment and Dyeing Processes on the Physical Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Cotton Blended Fabric
Authors: Jantip Suesat , Porntip Sae Be , Suwanruji Potjanart
Published: March 2012

The properties of PLA spun yarn was investigated comparing with cotton and PET spun yarns of the same linear density. The PLA/cotton blended fabric (50/50) was prepared and the fabric properties were analyzed in comparison with the 100% PLA and cotton fabrics. It was found that in the PLA/cotton blended fabric, cotton was the component that imparted moisture absorption, strength and drapeability to the fabric, while, PLA provided dimensional stability to the blend. Investigation of the effect of the pretreatment and dyeing processes found that the bleaching process for cotton with H2O2 under alkaline conditions caused a significant strength loss to the PLA fabric. The dyeing processes exhibited a slightly negative effect on the fabric strength. Meanwhile, the strength of cotton fabric was much less affected by the pretreatment and dyeing processes used. The fabric hand properties, viz. stiffness and drapeability of PLA and cotton fabrics were also influenced by the pretreatment and dyeing processes.
A Service Life Prediction for Waste Disposal Facility Concrete Exposed to Chloride Attack
Authors: Kim Do Gyeum , Jung Hae Ryong , Kwon Ki Jung , Lee Jang Hwa , Kim Ki Beom
Published: March 2012

The concrete life was shown very differently according to the conditions surrounding the structure. Because the silo concrete structure (waste disposal facility) is geomorphologically located to underground-130m below at coast, the chloride injury rather than freezing and thawing as the more important factor for the service life evaluation. In this study, the service life of silo concrete was evaluated based on the results of chloride attack
Synthesis of Cu2O/NiFe2O4 Magnetic Complex and its Application in Photocatalytic Degradation
Authors: Yan Li Jun , Zuo Jun , Cheng Yue , Ge Tan Tan , Yan Xiao Juan , Hu Xue Feng
Published: March 2012

In order to enhance the re-collecting ability of Cu2O, Cu2O/NiFe2O4 magnetic complex was synthesized in this paper. XRD patterns showed the prepared material was the complex of Cu2O and NiFe2O4. The saturation magnetization (Ms) of Cu2O/NiFe2O4 magnetic complex was 12.056emu/g. The Cu2O/NiFe2O4 magnetic complex was used for the decolorization of P-nitrophenol solution in a photocatalytic degradation reactor under the visible light irradiation. In this work, the Cu2O/NiFe2O4 magnetic complex is recycled for 3 times, and the decomposition rates are all above 60%. The XRD also showed that the Cu2O/NiFe2O4 complex was neither oxidized nor deoxidized in the photocatalytic degradation process. It can be concluded that the prepared Cu2O/NiFe2O4 complex can be recycled applied to photocatalytic degradation treatment.
Preparation and Characterization of Nitrogen-Doped TiO2 Decorated with Different Metal Ion
Authors: Zhao Hui , Wang Yan
Published: March 2012

In this paper, nanotubular TiO2 obtained by hydrothermal method was selected as precursor to prepare metal ion decorated TiO2-xNxvia a facile and one-pot method. As-synthesized M/TiO2-xNx (M references to Pd, Fe, Ni, Li) photocatalysts were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, diffuse reflectance spectrometry, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activities of different metal ion decorated TiO2-xNx samples were compared by monitoring the photocatalytic oxidation of propylene under both ultraviolet light (UV) and visible light (Vis) irradiation. It was found that Pd/TiO2-xNx sample possessed the highest photocatalytic activity under both UV and Vis irradiation. The better crystallinity, better visible light absorption, higher hydroxy concentration were contributed to the best photocatalytic performance of Pd/TiO2-xNx.
Study on the Dyeing Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid) and Silk Yarns with Natural Dyes
Authors: Ujjin Suchada , Jantip Suesat
Published: March 2012

This research aimed to study the dyeing properties on the PLA and silk yarns of the natural dyes obtained from various materials, viz. marigold petals (Tagetes erecta L.), rhubarb rhizomes (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei), garcinia barks (Garcinia Dulcis Kurz), turmeric rhizomes (Curcuma Longa Linn.), sappan barks (Caesalpinia sappan Linn.) and catechu barks (Acacia catechu Willd.). The color properties of the dyed yarns was determined and compared. The results observed the different color properties (L*, a* and b* values) and a shift of λmaxof the dyes on the PLA and silk yarns. This change in color properties of each natural dye was expected to be affected by the types of substrate (textile fiber) and also the chemical nature of the natural dyes. The study of the build-up properties indicated that the turmeric dye is the only natural dye which showed an outstanding performance on PLA and silk. A high degree of color yield of turmeric dye was obtained on both yarns, whereas a poor build-up was observed for the rest of the dyes.
Sulfonation of Waste High Impact Polystyrene from Food Packaging as a Polymeric Flocculant
Authors: Haryono Agus , Harmami Sri Budi
Published: March 2012

Sulfonation of waste high impact polystyrene from commercial food packaging was studied in this work. The obtained sulfonated polystyrene was characterized by using Fourier Transformed Infrared spectroscopy. Effect of the reaction time and temperature on the degree of sulfonation was observed. Waste high impact polystyrene resin from food packaging showed degree of sulfonation at 72.2% level. This degree of sulfonation was lower than the same reaction on pure polystyrene and pure high impact polystyrene, which showed degree of sulfonation at 97.7% and 85.2% level, respectively. Simulation of flocculation test using kaolin suspension was conducted to evaluate the application of sulfonated polystyrene as a polymeric flocculant.
Pulsed Laser Crystallization of Silicon Films Deposited by PECVD
Authors: Zhang Hua , Hua Guo Ran , Cheng Hong
Published: March 2012

Pulsed laser was demonstrated to be effective for the crystallization of amorphous hydrogenated silicon (a-Si:H) films deposited on Si wafer. The amorphous films were deposited on (111) Si wafers by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). The crystallization treatment was carried out by a low frequency Nd:YAG laser. The crystallinity modifications induced by the laser treatment were evidenced by X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscope (AFM). The influence of laser frequency on the crystallization degree was analyzed in detail. The better crystallinity was obtained at the laser frequency of 10Hz.
Research and Development of a New Type of Water-Based Drilling Fluid
Authors: Lv Kai He , Shi Tao , Wu Xue Dong
Published: March 2012

To solve the problems of conventional water-based drilling fluid, a new type of water-based drilling fluid system that comprises of water, multi-functional treatment agent and soluble salts is developed. Multi-functional treatment agent provides the necessary properties and soluble salt maintains the required density. The composition of the drilling fluid is simple and it is easy to maintain. This new drilling fluid has the advantages of good rheology and filtration properties, strong plugging and inhibiting abilities, low solid content, pollution-free, wide adaptability, easy preparation and repeated use. It is a new type of drilling fluid system.
Analysis on the Causes of Cracks on the Concrete Structure of Large and Medium-Sized Pumping Station
Authors: Cao Qiu Lin , Ma Yong Fa
Published: March 2012

This paper mainly introduces that the overall simulation and numerical calculation model which includes the system of pumping station and groundwork is built to study the concrete structure of pumping station with 3-D finite element software Marc. By undertaking a study on stress and deformation of pumping station structure and combining the living example, the root cause of cracks is raised. By calculating and studying, the overall strength and displacement of structure can be reflected more intuitively and accurately with the method of 3-D finite element.
Influence of Nanoparticles in Lubricants on the Load Capacity of Hydrostatic Thrust Bearings
Authors: Weng Huei Chu , Kang Yuan
Published: March 2012

An analysis for the effect of nanoparticles in lubricants on load capacity is performed to study a rectangular thrust pad hydrostatic bearing with a central recess. The closed-form solution of the bearing load is derived analytically and presented for nanofluids with interparticle interaction. Results reveal that in the presence of nanoparticles, the enhanced viscosity could result in an increase in bearing load; moreover, this increase dramatically increases as particle volume fraction and/or interparticle interaction increases. The effect of nanoparticles on the bearing load can be magnified by decreasing the bearing gap.
Coupled Partial Differential Equations Method for InSAS Interferogram Filtering
Authors: Huang Pan , Yue Jun , Wang Mao Lin
Published: March 2012

In this paper, a coupled nonlinear diffusion partial differential equations (PDE) method for Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Sonar(InSAS) interferogram filtering was introduced. Many previous PDE methods in this area usually use Gauss pre-filtering. The choice of variance in Gauss function plays a very important role in the quality of the image obtained. Manually choice of the variance can hardly reach the self-adaptation aim. Using nonlinear diffusion equation to instead Gauss pre-filtering can overcome the disadvantage mentioned above. Numerical experiment results indicate that this coupled PDE method is able to effectively reduce the noise and preserve edge information. And it is important for InSAS real time processing.
Dynamic Analysis of DVG 850 High-Speed Machining Center
Authors: Zhang Gong Xue , Shen Xiao Kai
Published: March 2012

Purpose, with the application of workbench finite element analysis software, get the analysis results of DVG 850 high-speed vertical machining center via the modal analysis and harmonic response analysis. Use the calculation results for reference, put forward the improved method, and prove the credibility of the simulation analysis by testing DVG 850 prototype.
Design and Implementation of the Parametric Designing System Based on ADO
Authors: Li Jian Xia , Huang Jing Jing
Published: March 2012

With the example of the parametric CAD system of the rolling bearing, the parametric design method to the second development of the AutoCAD system based on VB by using extra database is introduced in this paper. This system can visit the extra database by ADO technique, complete the total design of the system, create the system database, realize the parametric design and parametric drawing.
Research on Simulation and Reconstruction of Vehicle-Pedestrian Collision Based on Multi-Body Dynamics
Authors: Wang Qiu Cheng , Xie Zhou Kai , Liu Wei Guo , Xiao Hai Tao
Published: March 2012

Vehicle-pedestrian collision is a major type traffic accident in China, which has been attracted close attention by people because of its high fatality rate. However, it is difficult for traffic management department to reconstruct such kind of accident. In this paper, a methodology for simulation of vehicle-pedestrian accidents based on the multi-body dynamics is presented. A multi-body dummy pedestrian model is established based on PC-CRASH programs, the features that represent the different parts of the pedestrian are defined such as geometry, mass, contact stiffness and coefficients of friction. And more the model is introduced to simulate the collision in a real case of vehicle-pedestrian accident in Hangzhou. Different impact speeds are discussed to predict the different throwing distance of the pedestrian. The relation curves and equations between pedestrian’s throwing distance and vehicle impact speed are established from regression analyses of the simulation data. Finally, the impact speed is estimated with correspond to the exact pedestrian throwing distance.
Computer Simulation of the Filling Process of Air Intake Hood Based on ProCAST
Authors: Liu Han Wu , Feng Fan , Yan Chuan Li , Zheng Xian Feng
Published: March 2012

The intake hood is the part which riveted in the external skin of the aircraft. During the flight of the aircraft, the engine casing is cooled down by the high-speed airflow which flows through the air intake duct. As the components suffer the impact of the high-speed airflow, the appearance of the intake hood must meet the requirements of the aerodynamic property. At the same time, its manufacturing quality has a certain impact on the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft, so its synthetic mechanical property is required high. The traditional air intake hoods are block-combination welded by the aluminum alloy sheet. Its complicated working procedure, long production cycle, high costs and the difficult weld methods make it difficult to guarantee the welding quality. In order to improve the useful life of the air intake hood, to lower the production difficulty and to solve the quality risks in the production due to the method of weld, in this article, the high-strength aluminum alloy ZL101A and plaster mould investment casting were used to mold the intake hood based on the three-dimensional geometric modeling of the air intake hood by software Pro/E, and then, the filling and solidification process of the air intake hood was simulated by the casting simulation software ProCAST to predict the defects such as misrun, cold shut, wrapped in air, the thermal centre and the residual stress and deformation which were displayed in the filling and the solidification processes of the metal. Then, the casting process of the air intake hood can be optimized to achieve a decrease or avoid casting defects in the actual production.
Observations on Mechanics Properties of Stitched Foam-Core Sandwich by Flexural Testing
Authors: Xie Wei , Xu Fei , Yang Hui Ming
Published: March 2012

Stitched foam-core sandwich structure is a new light weight sandwich structure material. In this paper, flexural testing was performed. For comparison purposes, the stitched foam-core sandwich structure with different stitch density and the unstitched foam-core sandwich structure were tested. The experimental results show the maximum failure loads was decreased owing to stitch for the flexural testing. The bending stiffness increases for stitched foam-core sandwich structure.
Study on TIG and SMAW Comprehensive Welding Process of 1Cr18Ni9Ti/Q235 Compound Steel
Authors: Guo Bi Xin , Du Xiao Wei , Hu Jin
Published: March 2012

This paper studies the properties of 1Cr18Ni9Ti/Q235 compound steel, it mainly introduces TIG and SMAW comprehensive welding technique of 1Cr18Ni9Ti/Q235 compound steel. This process adopts stepped groove, welding material and technics are chosen according to base layer and compound layer, the boundary of both base and compound layer are welded respectively, welding sequence is reasonably arranged. Experiments proves that corrosion resistance and compactness of the welding joint are good, welding joint strength is high, welding quality meets operating requirement well.
Friction and Wear Behavior of Copper-Graphite Composite Material in High-Speed Sliding with Current
Authors: Du San Ming , Zhao Fei , Zhang Yong Zhen
Published: March 2012

In the present study, the friction and wear behaviors of copper-graphite composite against GCr15 steel in high-speed sliding with current were investigated. The worn surfaces and wear debris were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and the wear mechanisms were discussed. It shows that the current plays an important role in the high-speed dry sliding of copper-graphite composite against GCr15 steel. With increasing current, the friction coefficient decreases, and the wear rate increases. The wear mechanisms of the copper-graphite composite are main abrasion and fatigue without current, and that of with current are main fatigue, arc ablation.
Analysis on Efficiency and Application of Water-Saving Ship Lock in Inland Navigation
Authors: Chen Ming Dong , Yang Zhong Chao , Wang Duo Yin , Yang Bin
Published: March 2012

The research of Yingpan shiplock has shown that the water-saving ship lock can not only decrease ship lock consuming water, but also lower ship lock working head so as to simplify hydraulics technical problems. In this paper the relationship between the area of storage pool, steps of storage pool and water-saving efficiency was deduced detailed based on the principle of water-saving ship lock. And that the paper has analysed the general application prospect of water-saving ship lock in inland river navigation.
Residual Strength of Multiple-Site Damage Structure on Aged Aircraft Using Interactions of Dugdale-Type Cracks and Stable Tearing
Authors: Xue Xiao Feng , Feng Yun Wen , Qin Qiang , Feng Yuan Sheng
Published: March 2012

Abstract. This paper presents an investigation method of residual strength of Multiple Site Damage (MSD) panel. Both interaction between cracks and the effect of stable tearing are considered together. Dugdale model of collinear cracks is employed in the MSD panel model. Swift strip-yield criterion is used to judge whether the cracks linkup. Compared with the test results, numerical results of 9 different configuration MSD panels of 2024-T3 aluminum alloy are compared with the test results. The average relative error is -2.09％and root-mean-square error is 0.048. The agreement between analysis and experiment is shown to be reasonable.
Numerical Simulation of Tensile Behaviors for Random Spruce Short Fiber Reinforced Composites
Authors: Shen Min , Xu Rui , Yuan Hai Tao
Published: March 2012

Natural short fiber reinforced composite is promising in motor industry, it is meaningful to study the tensile property of spruce short fiber reinforced polypropylene (PP) composite. In this paper, the finite element model is developed with the consideration of the fiber random orientation, random distribution, fiber volume content and interphase effect, especially the cohesive zone model to simulate the interphase property. The tensile behaviors of the short spruce/PP composite with kinds of fiber volume content are predicted. The results show that both strength or stiffness and experimental data are well identical.
Effects of Polarization on the Strontium Ferrite Modified 0-3 Cement-Based Piezoelectric Composite
Authors: Li Mi Mi , Zhou Mei Juan , Xie Shi Hui , Sun Min , Huang Shi Feng
Published: March 2012

Strontium ferrite modified 0-3 cement-based piezoelectric composites were produced with piezoelectric ceramic [0.08Pb(Li1/4Nb3/4)O•0.47PbTiO3•0.45PbZrO3], sulphoaluminate cement and strontium ferrite by compressing technique, and the effects of poling conditions on the piezoelectric and dielectric properties were investigated. In order to contrast, a unmodified 0-3 cement-based piezoelectric composite was fabricated. The results show that the higher the poling electric field, the longer the poling time and the higher the poling temperature, the composites have the higher piezoelectric strain factor d33, piezoelectric voltage factor g33, dielectric constant εr and dielectric loss tanδ， and the strontium ferrite modified composites are polarized more easily, and have better properties than the unmodified composites. In the meantime, the optimum poling conditions were obtained, and the optimum poling field E, poling time t and poling temperature T were 5 kV/mm, 20 min and 80 °C.
A Research on Loss Factor of Embedded and Co-Cured Composite Damping Structure
Authors: Mi Peng , Liang Sen
Published: March 2012

In this paper, modal strain energy method is employed to calculate the modal loss factor of embedded and co-cured composite damping structure (ECCDS). To illustrate the validity of modeling and calculating method, the simulation results are compared with the experimental data. The effects of thickness, number and location of damping layers on damping performance of ECCDS have also been studied in detail.
Effects of Polycarboxylate Superplasticizers on Hydration and Microstructure of Hardened Cement Paste
Authors: Gao Rui Jun , Lv Sheng Hua , Cao Qiang
Published: March 2012

Polycarboxylate (PC) superplasticizer was synthesized by radical copolymerization using ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator at 90 °C for 5 h. The effect of PC on the hydration process and microstructure of hardened cement at different hydration ages (4 h, 1 d and 7 d) was investigated. Hydration of cement paste results show that the nucleation and growth of hydration product of ettringite (Aft) was inhibited by PC at the early hydration ages, and the generation of the hydration products of calcium hydroxide (CH) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) was promoted at late hydration ages. SEM result indicates that PC can make the structure of hardened cement more homogeneous and more density.
Flame Retardant Properties of Fiber-Based Decorative Wallboard
Authors: Qin Zuo Dong , Duns G.J. , Lin Zhang , Chen Ji Shuang
Published: March 2012

In this study, bamboo pulp is utilized as the main raw material for the production of compression-molded, fiber-based decorative wallboard panels which have three-dimensional geometric structure and possess environmentally compatible “green” flame retardant properties. The effectiveness of several flame retarding agents, including the Al(OH)3 single component system, the Al(OH)3/Mg(OH)2 mixed system and the Al(OH)3/Mg(OH)2/Zinc Borate mixed system are examined in terms of the resulting flame resistance, physical properties and oxygen indexes of the fiber-based decorative wallboard. The results show that the Al(OH)3/Mg(OH)2/Zinc Borate multicomponent mixed system is the most ideal flame retardant system for such applications. Results indicate that the optimal formulation consist of: 30% Mg(OH)2/25% Al(OH)2 /15% Zinc borate (relative mass ratio). Under such conditions, the oxygen index of the fiber decorates wallboard is 34.4, and the level of formaldehyde release reaches a value of E0.
An Innovative Approach to Fiber-To-The-Home (FTTH)
Authors: Hsu Hsiang Chen , Liu Don , Tieh Shu Sen , Kuo Chun Hsien
Published: March 2012

In the last mile of optical access network, FTTX such as fiber-to-the-cabinet, curb, building, home and node construction cost per subscriber has always been a concern for the network operators. In order to cost down the fiber and transceiver deployment, passive optical network (PON) are developed to replace active point-to-point (P2P). Also the splitter placement problems are issued that make efforts to reduce fiber and splitters deployment cost. Cost down the optical components in PONs is one of the successful elements for building the business of fiber-to-the-home (FTTH). For an example of insertion loss (IL), a traditional 1x12 splitter module which is cascaded by one piece of 1x2 (67%:33% power ratio, 2.6dB:6.2dB IL) and 10 pieces of 1x2 (50%:50% power ratio, 3.7dB IL) splitters, the IL of module is 2.6+3.7x3=13.7dB. An economical and innovative 1x12 splitter module presented in this paper could be cascaded just by one piece of 1x3 (IL: 5.4 dB) and 3 pieces of 1x4 (IL: 7.2dB), the IL of module will be 5.4+7.2=12.6dB, 1.1dB less than the former. In the case of 1x36, an innovative one is cascaded by 4 pieces of 1x3 and 9 pieces of 1x4 splitters (IL: 18dB) to replace the traditional one which is cascaded by 35 pieces of 1x2 splitters (IL: 19.9dB). Another case of 2x24, an innovative one is cascaded by 1 piece of 2x2, 2 pieces of 1x3 and 6 pieces of 1x4 splitters (IL: 16.3dB) to replace the traditional one which is cascaded by 1 pieces of 2x2 and 22 piece of 1x2 splitters (IL: 17.4dB). Finally, bundle with less IL, the economical multi-output splitter module can be successfully built up by this novel fiber coupler manufacturing apparatus and method.
Study on the Preparation of Ceramic Membrane and the Treatment of Tanning Wastewater
Authors: Wang Jian Gen , Liu Ya Hui
Published: March 2012

Preparing 0.2μm, 3μm and 10μm three types of ceramic membrane with membranes pore size through solid state ion sintering process, and treat tanning process wastewater by them. Analyze hardness, sulfide content, ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and CODCr before and after the wastewater treatment, calculate and compare their removal rates. Results indicated that tanning process wastewater was treat by plate-type ceramic membrane, the removal rate of wastewater hardness was over 63%, the removal rate of sulfide, CODCr and NH3-N could be achieved 83%. It can get satisfactory removal efficiencies, and meet the national discharge standard, also can be recycled in industry.
Dynamic Economic Dispatch Incorporating Wind Power with Carbon Trading Scheme
Authors: Zhan Tung Sheng
Published: March 2012

This paper proposed an issue aiming at the goal of pierces the relationship between the emission trading scheme and dynamic economic dispatch (DED) problem for the electricity utility. A model of the CO2 emission trading market will be investigated and introduced into DED problem incorporating wind power plant and independent power providers (IPPs). Then, an accelerated particle swarm optimization (APSO) algorithm is introduced in order to avoid prematurity convergence of the original PSO and improve searching efficiency. Thus, APSO was used to determine the DED strategy of the utility with incorporation of wind power generation and contribution of IPPs. The CO2 emission trading is treated as the inner-cost, and the superfluous CO2 quotas will be resale into the market, whereas the shortage quotas can be purchased from the market.
Analysis of the Evolution and Structure of Systems Biology
Authors: Liu Chao , Liu Lian Fen , Li Fu Guo , Jiang Nai Hua , Guo Wen Juan , Li Ji Kui
Published: March 2012

Systems biology is a term used to describe a number of trends in bioscience research, and a movement which draws on those trends. Systems biology aims to understand the biology from the system level. The fundamental challenge of systems biology is to establish a complete, detailed description of the link between biological molecules and to study molecular interactions and the close association between the physiological responses. Systems biology methods in the system under the guidance will enable us to break the shackles of the old research model to study life from the grasp of the whole phenomenon. We must effectively grasp and follow the systems biology approach to guide our biological research practice.
Optical Properties of NiO Thin Films: A Potential Material for Optoelectronic Devices
Authors: Tyagi Manisha , Tomar Monika , Gupta Vinay
Published: March 2012

The influence of substrate temperature on the UV-Visible-near-IR optical properties, namely the band gap, the Urbach energy and the refractive index of NiO thin films deposited by RF sputtering has been investigated. The optical band gap of thin films showed the blue-shift in the transmission spectra with increase in the substrate temperature which is related to variation in carrier concentration of the deposited films. Urbach energy (EU) values indicate that the films deposited at 400 oC substrate temperature show least structural disorder. The refractive index of the films is found to decrease continuously with increase in the substrate temperature at all photon energies in the visible and near-IR region, and is attributed to the decreasing packing density of the films. Introduction
Using Modeling and Simulation in the Manufacturing of Medical Devices
Authors: Hussaini Sulaiman , Lahrman Gregory
Published: March 2012

This paper examines the importance of modeling and simulation in manufacturing, specifically medical device manufacturing. While the use of simulation analysis is steadily gaining acceptance in many industries, medical device manufacturers are still apprehensive of its use and value. It is seen as a non-value added approach given the widespread acceptance of other approaches like lean manufacturing, six-sigma, just-in-time manufacturing etc. Here we will explore the potential benefits of simulation in the manufacturing of medical devices and highlight how it can complement the other process improvement approaches and techniques. When a valid and credible model of a system is established it can be a very effective tool which manufacturers can use to address numerous challenges they face every day - broadly classified into Resource Allocation, Performance Evaluation and Operations Excellence. For manufacturers who are serious about remaining competitive in the 21st century, they cannot afford to ignore this powerful approach. The industry is well positioned to embrace this technology and can leverage key ingredients from existing systems. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) sees a lot of benefit in simulation technology and recommends its use to device manufacturers through a series of guidance documents. The relative benefit of using this approach along with other established approaches of process analyses and improvement like lean cannot be overemphasized. Towards the end of this study, a comprehensive simulation model of case in point manufacturing facility has been developed and its results demonstrate how effective this technology can be in solving real life manufacturing problems in a systematic manner, with a data driven approach.
Exploration on Infiltrating the Sense of Green Chemistry in University Teaching of Organic Chemistry
Authors: Lai Han
Published: March 2012

This paper introduces methods of solving problems of environmental contamination and health hazard caused by organic chemistry by using green chemistry though, discusses green chemistry concept implemented in colleges and universities’ education of organic chemistry through methods including updating education and teaching idea, reorganizing teaching contents and optimizing teaching design, and through combining teaching practices, analyzes how to penetrate green chemistry into each teaching link by combining teaching contents, so as to better accomplish teaching tasks, broaden the scope of knowledge for students and foster modern green chemistry awareness and scientific research awareness of students.
The Used of Pineapple Leaf Fiber, Banana Stem and Kenaf for Production of Paper
Authors: Yusof Yusri , Sha’ban Abdul Halim Md.
Published: March 2012

The paper explores the use of pineapple leaf fiber (PALF), banana stem fiber and kenaf fiber to produce paper has been done in order to find the alternative source and the method to recyle used newspaper. The decreasing of already material which is cause by the unstable ecosystem and taking long time to harvest. The alternative source can help to increase production of paper and reduce the cost of production. The experiments using PALF, banana stem fiber and kenaf fiber as raw material in paper production have been conducted to assess the advantages in terms of mechanical properties, especially tensile strength, tearing strength, thickness, and grammage of paper. The result obtained from the tests will be compared among the three types of material. Through the observation of the experiment, it was found that the data obtained with different properties of paper produced from the different material.
Environmental Performance as Key Performance Indicators in the Lean Six-Sigma Methodology
Authors: Pusporini Pregiwati , Abhary Kazem , Luong Lee H.S.
Published: March 2012

Lean six-sigma methodology focuses on continuous improvement approach with an emphasis on improving the product quality and reducing waste. Recent studies of lean six-sigma methodology indicated that this methodology commonly focus on four areas of performance namely quality, cost time and service. In this paper, an environmental performance is proposed into lean six-sigma methodology. An environmental performance needs to be integrated into lean six-sigma as a new paradigm of lean six-sigma methodology to achieve overall competitiveness of product.
Hypothesis of Rolling Bearing Performance Evolvement
Authors: Xia Xin Tao
Published: March 2012

Poor information means that characteristic information presented in the subject investigated is incomplete and insufficient, with a small sample and the lack in prior knowledge of probability distributions and trends. For a long time, experiments on the rolling bearing performance concern primarily with statistical evaluation of the fatigue life. With the development of aeronautic and astronautic undertakings, new requirements for the variability of the bearing performance, such as friction, wear, vibration, and temperature rise, are driven. Because the number of characteristic data is small and prior information on probability distributions and trends is poor, statistics has difficulty in assessing the bearing performance. How can the problem be solved There is a phenomenon in Nature, i.e., genetic variations of a species are likely to result in some strange change. Inspired by this, the paper advanced a hypothesis, viz., maybe some genetic variation drive the nonlinearly dynamical evolvement of the information poor process of the bearing performance. To demonstrate this hypothesis, the paper found the variant gene, presented the concept of the poor information equivalence relation, and proposed the method for construction of the information poor space to reveal the new properties of the nonlinearly dynamical evolvement of the modern bearing performance.
Reducing Setup Time in Manufacturing Cells in a JIT Environment
Authors: Sharifi Shahram , Chauhan Satyaveer S. , Bhuiyan Nadia
Published: March 2012

Setup time is a major issue in Just-in-time environments. Even with a cellular manufacturing configuration, reduction of setup time is not fully insured and needs to be explicitly targeted. We have introduced a mathematical programming model which would reduce sequence-dependent setup time in manufacturing cells. Since the BIP model is NP hard, a solution approach based on a Genetic Algorithm has been improvised.
Transport Properties of Chitosan/Peo Blend Based Proton Conducting Polymer Electrolyte
Authors: Shukur M.F. , Kadir M.F.Z. , Ahmad Z. , Ithnin R.
Published: March 2012

The polymer electrolytes were prepared using the solution cast technique. The polymer host consisted of chitosan and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) was added to the blend solution to provide the charge carriers for ionic conduction. The sample containing 40 wt.% NH4NO3 exhibited a conductivity value of 5.83 × 10-4 S cm-1 at 373 K. Conductivity-temperature relationship for all samples obeyed Arrhenius rule and the activation energy of each samples were obtained. The sample containing 40 wt.% NH4NO3 showed the lowest activation energy at 0.29 eV. The conductivity variation for the prepared electrolyte system was explained using the Rice and Roth model. Sample with 40 wt. % NH4NO3 exhibited the highest number density and mobility of charge carriers with values of 1.39 × 1020 cm-3 and 4.60 × 10-6 cm2 V-1 s-1 respectively. The increase in conductivity was attributed to the increase in the number density and mobility of charge carriers.
Some Aspects of Lean Manufacturing
Authors: Pathak Ajai Kumar
Published: March 2012

Lean manufacturing production system considers the expenditure for any goals other than the creation of value for the end customer to be wasteful. Only operation adds value to the product and other functions such as inspection, transportation, and delays of a permanent or temporary nature are waste and should be eliminated. The beginning of lean manufacturing can be seen in Just In Time (JIT). It was first implemented in Ford automobile in the form of line assembly. Lean manufacturing is based on pull system. In the pull system parts are produced when they are pulled by the process before that. Lean manufacturing defines the value of a product or a service with the customer point of view not on the basis of type of technology and amount of labour. In the lean manufacturing the organization is treated as a single unit. Team work is more important than individual effort. The implementation of lean manufacturing reduces lead time, reduces work in progress (WIP), saves floor space, increases productivity, improves quality and reduces overall cost. In this paper various aspects of lean manufacturing have been examined and discussed.
A Two Level DEA in Project Based Organizations
Authors: Hedayat Mehrdad Hamidi , Saghehei Ehsan , Khoshjahan Yazdan
Published: March 2012

This paper presents a systematic approach for evaluating the performance of a project based organization. We applied a two level fuzzy Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) technique in project based organizations. In order to determine the required inputs and outputs, important indicators have selected using both expert judgments and statistical analysis. Then the two-level DEA model is successfully adapted. In this model by considering the outputs through a hierarchical process, a large number of sub indicators have provided and then rolled up to the higher level. Since the exact amount cannot be attributed to the indicators and they includes interval of values during the project life cycle, the interval DEA model will be discussed as a model help to determine the most preferred solution. At the end, some of the projects have been successfully evaluated throughout the approach proposed in this paper.
Flow Mechanism of a Novel Active Micro-Rotor Mixer
Authors: Liou Y.C. , Miao J.M. , Liu T.L. , Cheng S.J.
Published: March 2012

The purpose of this study is to investigate the complex vortex flow patterns within a novel active micro-rotor mixer under various Reynolds numbers and rotating speeds by employing of CFD technique. The concept of present micro-rotor mixer is inspired from the Wankel-type combustor which is widely used in the power machines. The configuration of present micro-mixer is consisted of a rotor with shape of triangle column, a blending chamber and individual inlet and outlet ports. The blending chamber is served as the mixing chamber since the separated three sub-regions will change their volumes as the rotor undergoing the rotating motion with a fixed eccentricity. The dynamic flow patterns and mixing process of two species within the mixing chamber were simulated and visualized with streak lines. The governing equations are unsteady, two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equation and the two working fluids are pure water and alcohol. The concentration equation for species is also solved to reveal the mass transfer process in various sub-regions then being calculated on the outlet port to evaluate the mixing efficiency. The dynamic mesh technique was applied to re-distribute the computational meshes when the rotor finished a complete rotation cycle. Inspection on the flow developing stages within the mixing chamber over one complete cycle, it seems that multi-vortex flow field was generated due to the interaction of the shear force from the rotor, viscous force and inertial force of working fluids. The Coanda flow appeared in some conditions. When the Reynolds number is below of 10, the rotating speed of rotor has less influence on the mixing efficiency. An obvious enhancement in the mixing efficiency can be found in cases of the rotating speed of rotor changed from 30 rpm to 150 rpm when the Reynolds number in range of 25 to 100. Generally, the maximum mixing efficiency of 85% can be achieved for 1<Re<100 which demonstrated that present design was effective for μ-TAS.
Martensitic Transformation and Response Characteristics in Bias-SMA Spring Actuators with Thermal Cycling
Authors: Jee K.K. , Choi W.I. , Kim K.H. , Jang W.Y.
Published: March 2012

The effect of thermal cycling on the martensitic transformation and response characteristics has been studied in bias-SMA spring actuators aged at 350 °C ~ 500 °C. As the number of thermal cycling increases, the Ms temperature of the SMA spring showing only B2→B19' martensitic transformation by aging at 350 or 500 °C goes down. However, SMA spring in which B2→R→B19' martensitic transformation taken place by aging at 400 or 450 °C shows multi-step transformations i.e., M1 and M2 transformations with thermal cycling. The heat flow of M2 transformation increases while the transformation temperature difference between M1 and M2 transformations is enlarged as the number of cycling increases. The recovery displacement and force of bias-SMA spring actuator increase up to the 10th cycle and the extent of increase is the largest at aging temperature of 500 °C. However, both recovery properties decrease after the 103 or 104 cycles, while the decreasing tendency becomes larger with a rise in aging temperature. Such a change in recovery characteristics of bias-SMA spring actuator with thermal cycling is discussed in connection with training effect or lattice defects introduced during thermal cycling.
Process Parametric Optimization of Submerged Arc Welding by Using Utility Based Taguchi Concept
Authors: Deb Barma John , Roy Joydeep , Saha S.C. , Roy B. Saha
Published: March 2012

Achieving optimal weld parameters with desired quality features is very difficult because these quality features are highly correlated. There are several control parameters which directly or indirectly affect the response parameters. In the present study, an attempt has been made to search an optimal parametric combination, capable of producing desired high quality joint in submerged arc weldment by Taguchi method coupled with Utility theory. In the present investigation three process variables viz. Wire feed rate (Wf), stick out (So) and traverse speed (Tr) have been considered and the response parameters are hardness, tensile strength (Ts), toughness (IS).
Wind Tunnel Analysis on Performance of H-Rotor VAWTs with NACA 64xx Blades
Authors: Hsieh W.C. , Miao J.M. , Lai C.C. , Tai C.S.
Published: March 2012

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of wind speed, airfoil thickness and setting angle of blades on the output performance of a VAWT system. Three shapes of the blades as NACA6422, NACA6412, and NACA6404 were fabricated and installed in the support mechanism to test the effect of airfoil thickness on the output performance. Results indicated that the section shape of blade with a cambered NACA 64XX series is prior to the ordinary symmetric NACA0022 series used in VAWT systems. The statistic analysis showed that the contribution of setting angle on the output performance is 12.27%, which is higher than that of thickness of airfoil as 2.93% when the extra load was applied on the VAWT system during tests. For application of VAWT systems in the densely populated urban areas, it is suggested that the blades with cambered airfoil of NACA6422 is suitable for electrical power generation.
Numerical Simulation Applied to Study the Effects of Fractal Tree-Liked Network Channel Designs on PEMFC Performance
Authors: Cheng Shan Jen , Miao Jr Ming , Tai Chang Hsien
Published: March 2012

The effect of pressure drop and the flow-field of inhomogeneous transport of reactions gas are two important issues for bipolar flow channel design in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). A novel design through the imitation of biological development of the topology distribution of fractal tree-liked network channel is the main topic of this research. The effects of different Reynolds numbers and stoichiometric mass flow rate of reaction gas on the flow field distribution of tree-like channels were investigated by three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic analysis. According to numerical simulations, the fractal tree-liked network channel would have an excellent performance on the uniformity of multi-branching flow distribution and lower pressure drop along channels. The new type of fractal tree-liked bionic flow channel network design will be applied to assist in the experimental reference for improving the performance of fuel cell stack system in PEMFC for future.
Research of Legislation and Practice for Piercing the Corporate Veil under New Companies Act in China
Authors: Gu Guang Shu
Published: March 2012

Pierce the corporate veil rules together with the company's independent personality constitutes a complete, rigorous corporate system. Pierce the corporate veil rules as part of a corporate system, and improve its position in the supplement, which is the balance between corporate interests of shareholders and creditors of the company's results. Pierce the corporate veil rules apply to particular legal relationship, it is by denying the company's independent personality behind the company investigated for abuse of corporate personality and limited liability of shareholders independent of the liability of shareholders. Make up the deficiencies inherent in the corporate system to protect the legitimate interests of creditors of the company. Pierce the corporate veil in order to achieve the value of the rules of fairness and justice, our country should be based on the theory from abroad. With China's judicial practice, judicial interpretation and give full play to the role of a typical case, a reasonable allocation of the burden of proof. Prudential rules applicable to pierce the corporate veil and do advance prevention. Try to avoid piercing the corporate veil applies the rules to further improve the new company law in China under the rule of piercing the corporate veil.
Comparison of Fractional Model and Two Part Model for the Mortgage Risk Behaviours of Prepayment Assessment
Authors: Chen Hsin Hung , Wu Cheng Chung
Published: March 2012

This paper has debated between fractional and two part models in the context of prepayment behaviour, applications where a large proportion of zero observations are typically found. The predictive capacity in this paper is to provider the direction of consideration and very good fit result to the behaviours of prepayment for bank. From the perspective of practitioners, it could point of view the characteristics of borrowers of each variable would seem to be choosing in this paper. This paper also provides the simply looking at the extent to which policy decision of bank conclusions would differ depending upon the characteristics of customers’ behaviour consideration.
The Use of Uniform Design and Nelder-Mead Simplex Methods to Optimization of Suspension Parameters of a High Speed Railway Vehicle System
Authors: Cheng Yung Chang , Lee Cheng Kang
Published: March 2012

This paper has proposed an optimization process with two phases to optimize suspension parameters of a high speed railway vehicle for advancing system’s robustness and performance. The vehicle’s nonlinear coupled differential equations of motion with fourteen degrees of freedom are created based on Kalker’s linear theory and the heuristic nonlinear creep model. The performance measure of the vehicle system is critical hunting speed, which is determined by Lyapunov’s indirect method. The first phase of optimization is to execute a set of experiments which is planned based on uniform design method. The second phase of optimization is to apply the Nelder-Mead Simplex method to exploit the best solution obtained in the first phase. Finally, the presented optimization process can effectively not only advance the performance of the vehicle system but also increase the performance’s robustness.