bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Żona magika wobec francuskiej kolonizacji Algierii. Powieść historyczna w ujęciu Briana Moore’a
Authors: Filipczak Dorota
Published: May 2017

Artykuł omawia ostatni utwór Briana Moore’a pt. Żona magika (wyd. anglojęz. 1997, wyd. pol. 2000) jako powieść historyczną. Pochodzący z Belfastu pisarz, który otrzymał obywatelstwo kanadyjskie, a zmarł w USA, miał w swej młodości epizod „algierski”. Pod koniec życia, zainspirowany najprawdopodobniej źródłem historycznym pt. Confidences d’un prestidigitateur Roberta Houdina, Moore stworzył w swej powieści nieoficjalną wizję wydarzeń, które miały doprowadzić do ostatecznego opanowania Algierii przez Francję. Pobyt słynnego francuskiego iluzjonisty w Algierii związany był z powierzoną mu misją polityczną. Jego sztuczki miały wzbudzić przekonanie wśród lokalnych przywódców, że Francuzi dysponują mocą, która przyczyni się do ich zwycięstwa. Istotą zamysłu Moore’a było ukazanie tych działań z perspektywy żony magika, która w odróżnieniu od swojego pierwowzoru nie jest tylko bierną obserwatorką.
Dialektyka przemocy w ofiarniczych tragediach Cypriana Norwida
Authors: Grabowski Mateusz
Published: May 2017

Wśród badaczy twórczości Cypriana Norwida wciąż żywy wydaje się spór o przynależność autora Pierścienia Wielkiej-Damy do romantyzmu lub modernizmu. Pytanie o nowoczesność Norwidowskiej myśli jest jednocześnie trudnym pytaniem o no­woczesność polskiego romantyzmu. Na ile poeta uwikłany był w artystyczne idee stworzone przez swoich wielkich poprzedników – Mickiewicza, Słowackiego i Krasińskiego – a na ile jego refleksja jest wyjątkowa i przełomowa? W artykule autor postanowił skupić się na ukazaniu późnej Norwidowskiej twórczości dramatycznej jako w pełni podporządkowanej nowoczesnej refleksji, ukazując autora Kleopatry i Cezara jako prekursora koncepcji stworzonych przez tak wybitnych reprezentantów krytyki nowoczesności jak René Girard, Walter Benjamin i Michel Foucault.
Modernistyczne przejawy dezintegracji psychicznej… Wokół Marzyciela Władysława Stanisława Reymonta
Authors: Borowski Dominik
Published: May 2017

Celem artykułu jest analiza i interpretacja szkicu powieściowego Marzyciel Władysława Stanisława Reymonta. Na początku scharakteryzowany został kontekst społeczno-kulturowy Młodej Polski z uwzględnieniem przemian powieści młodopolskiej i jej zainteresowań psychologicznych. Następnie krótko omówiona została twórczość Reymonta. W dalszej części następuje dokładna analiza zachowania tytułowego bohatera pod kątem obecności w nim przejawów dezintegracji psychicznej (dereizm, dysforia, depersonalizacja).
Kalendarium życia kulturalnego Łodzi luty–marzec 1945
Authors: Dakowicz Przemysław
Published: May 2017

Publikacja niniejsza, fragment Kalendarium łódzkiego życia kulturalnego w latach 1945–1946, obejmuje swoim zakresem luty i marzec roku 1945, miesiące organizowania się kultury po przeszło pięciu latach niemieckiego terroru okupacyjnego. W dziejach miasta był to okres szczególny – wobec niemal całkowitego zburzenia Warszawy przez Niemców, na terenie Łodzi ulokowały się niektóre spośród komunistycznych urzędów, zaczęli tu także zjeżdżać ważni przedstawiciele życia umysłowego i kulturalnego. Oferowano im mieszkania, pracę w dynamicznie rozwijającej się, kontrolowanej przez władzę prasie oraz w tworzonych naprędce instytucjach kultury i uczelniach. Autor tekstu próbuje – poprzez szczegółową denotację faktów z pogranicza historii, polityki, życia umysłowego i artystycznego – przedstawić mechanizmy i dynami­kę najwcześniejszego etapu kulturowo-ideologicznej rewolucji przeprowadzonej w Polsce w latach 1945–1948.
Solfatara, czyli dziesięć dni rewolucji rybaka. Z Maciejem Henem rozmawia Ewa Tyszko
Authors: Hen Maciej , Tyszko Ewa
Published: May 2017

W rozmowie z Ewą Tyszko Maciej Hen opowiada o powstawaniu powieści-kroniki Solfatara, której akcja rozgrywa się w siedemnastowiecznym Neapolu.
Między tragedią antyczną i mieszczańską – postdramatyczna estetyka Heinera Müllera
Authors: Jabłkowska Joanna
Published: May 2017

Artykuł zajmuje się adaptacjami tragedii antycznych i motywów mitologicznych w dramatach Heinera Müllera, znanego niemieckiego dramatopisarza, uważanego za spadkobiercę Brechta. Swoją działalność pisarską wiązał Müller z NRD; mimo że często miał problemy z cenzurą, nie zdecydował się na emigrację. Adaptacje Müllera można czytać – jak inne jego dramaty – jako utwory politycznie zaangażowane, kontestujące w wyrafinowanej argumentacji ułomności systemu komunistycznego. Nie z tego jednak powodu utwory Müllera są aktualne do dziś. Ich estetyczna atrakcyjność polega na propozycji dialektycznego powiązania dwóch tradycji dramatu. Na przykładzie trzech reprezentatywnych tekstów Müllera, Der Horatier, Filoktet oraz Gnijący brzeg. Materiały do Medei. Krajobraz z Argonautami artykuł prezentuje strategię poetologiczną autora, łącząca tragedię z bürgerliches Trauerspiel, dwie wykluczające się formy niemieckiego dramatu. Z syntezy tej wynika ważna konkluzja polityczna, w oczywisty sposób nieodczytana przez enerdowskich cenzorów.
What Is the Status Quo of Evidence-Based Community Health Nursing?
Authors: Im Eun-Ok , Kong Eun-Hi
Published: May 2017

Background and Purpose:With an increasing emphasis on evidence-based nursing in general,evidence-based practicehas become a buzzword among community health nurses in many countries. Despite the global interests, evidence-based community health nursing is not even clearly defined in the literature and very little is known about the current status of evidence-based community health nursing. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to identify the status quo of evidence-based nursing in community health nursing through an integrative literature review.Methods:Four electronic databases were searched from the earliest year to 2016 with combinations of keywords. Twenty-six eligible articles were reviewed, and the characteristics reflecting the current status of evidence-based community health nursing were extracted.Results:Through the content analysis process, 6 characteristics were identified. First, in evidence-based community health nursing, the needs of clients, families, caregivers, and health care professionals were identified and assessed. Second, interventions were planned based on systematic reviews on various relevant sources. Third, various types of research methods were used. Fourth, available resources were assessed and used, and the findings of cost estimation, cost/effectiveness, or cost/benefit analyses were reported. Fifth, training, support, monitoring, and coordination were included as major components. Finally, the evidence used and/or found in the studies was evaluated, disseminated, and updated as the last step.Implications for Practice:Community health nurses are required to continuously integrate, implement, evaluate, disseminate, and update their evidence for future evidence-based community health nursing.
The Road to Licensure of the IBCLC
Authors: Walker Marsha , Aldridge Leah S.
Published: May 2017

Licensure of the IBCLC has been sought for many years. The purpose of such licensure is to protect the public, advance the profession, and assure access for all mothers to the clinical lactation services of an IBCLC. The path to licensure can be long and convoluted but worth the effort. Thirty-eight states are working on licensure, and two states have achieved this goal. This exploration of the historical context of licensure, the importance of licensure, how licensure happens, and the objections and barriers to licensure endeavors to help light the path to the achievement of licensure of the IBCLC.
Nota dos Editores
Authors: Suzigan Wilson , Furtado João Eduardo de Morais Pinto
Published: May 2017

Este segundo número da Revista Brasileira de Inovação, que completa o primeiro volume, correspondente a 2002, reflete um esforço destes Editores e dos Editores Associados no sentido de ampliar o espaço dedicado a temáticas mais diretamente relacionadas ao Brasil na seção de artigos, sem prejuízo de reflexões teóricas e avaliações de experiências internacionais...
A Distribuição Espacial da Produção Científica e Tecnológica Brasileira: uma Descrição de Estatísticas de Produção Local de Patentes e Artigos Científicos
Authors: Albuquerque Eduardo da Motta e , Simões Rodrigo , Baessa Adriano , Campolina Bernardo , Silva Leandro
Published: May 2017

Tomando como unidade de análise o município, o objetivo deste artigo é descrever a distribuição espacial das atividades científicas e tecnológicas no Brasil, a partir de estatísticas de patentes, artigos científicos e pesquisadores. A hipótese básica é que a relação produção científica versus produção tecnológica deve ser mediada por dimensões da análise econômica que contemplem tanto as variáveis diretamente relacionadas ao sistema de inovação como também seus determinantes espaciais. Para isto, são realizados alguns exercícios estatísticos, tais como o cálculo de Coeficientes de Gini para a produção científica tecnológica; análise de uma Matriz de Associação Geográfica e uma Análise de Regressão.
A Rica Fauna da Política Industrial e a sua Nova Fronteira
Authors: Castro Antonio Barros de
Published: May 2017

O artigo apresenta três abordagens da política industrial. A primeira deriva, diretamente, da teoria econômica, e tem por referência central a noção de "falhas de mercado" – a serem corrigidas mediante política industrial. A segunda, nasce das frustrações com o desenvolvimento de nações, regiões ou setores. Reúne, em suma, esforços visando a (rápida) superação do atraso acumulado. A terceira e última tem por referência contextos em que as empresas são (ou começam a ser) capazes de competir via inovações, no sentido amplo da palavra. Neste caso ganham crescente importância funções corporativas como o P&D, o design e o marketing. Às políticas cabe apoiar as empresas de variadas formas, para que possam lançar mão destas armas da competição. Não é tratada a importante e complexa temática das políticas de infra-estrutura. Uma brevíssima menção ao tema será no entanto feita, tendo por objeto a "infra-estrutura da inovação", questão primordial no terceiro grupo de políticas objeto deste trabalho. O trabalho conclui com uma referência ao caso brasileiro, concebido como um caso peculiar de reestruturação pós-abertura, que crescentemente requer políticas do terceiro tipo aqui examinado.
Capacitação Técnica e Competitividade na Petroquímica Brasileira nos anos 1990: O Caso de Camaçari - BA
Authors: Santana Lindaura Maria de , Hasenclever Lia , Mello José Manoel Carvalho de
Published: May 2017

O artigo enfoca e avalia a importância da capacitação tecnológica na estratégia de empresas petroquímicas selecionadas do pólo de Camaçari, na Bahia. Para tanto analisa as variáveis P&D e qualificação profissional na estratégia para a competitividade dessas empresas nos anos 1990, após a abertura comercial e a reestruturação patrimonial, através de dados secundários e de uma pesquisa de campo com entrevistas abertas. Concluiu-se que os investimentos feitos em P&D e na qualificação profissional apresentam-se tímidos, destinando-se principalmente para inovações incrementais. No entanto, é possível inferir que há um certo esforço em capacitação tecnológica por parte da maioria das empresas pesquisadas, principalmente as empresas produtoras de petroquímicos finais, embora seja necessário vencer muitos desafios em relação à eficiência produtiva, rentabilidade e competitividade no mercado interno e externo.
A Relação Universidade-Empresa no Brasil e o "Argumento da Hélice Tripla"
Authors: Dagnino Renato
Published: May 2017

A relação universidade-empresa (relação U-E) é abordada tendo como guia o “argumento da Hélice Tripla” (argumento HT), entendido como combinação de duas correntes de pensamento elaboradas nos países avançados — a “Segunda Revolução Acadêmica” e a que ressalta a importância das relações com o entorno na competitividade das empresas — e de uma proposição de Política Científica e Tecnológica (PCT) — os Pólos e Parques Tecnológicos — delas decorrente. Analisando a evolução das interpretações sobre a relação U-E na América Latina — os marcos de referência utilizados, as posturas analíticas ou disciplinares, sua influência junto à comunidade de pesquisa e na elaboração de PCT — mostra-se como o argumento HT contribuiu para que a interpretação que até o final dos anos 1980 era dominante perdesse influência e como o debate em curso entre essas duas atuais posições parece encaminhar-se. Por oferecer um padrão para análise crítica das mudanças nos modelos explicativo e normativo-institucional da PCT em países avançados e periféricos, o argumento HT pode informar novas interpretações, mais aderentes ao cenário de democratização ora em construção no País.
Sectoral Systems and Innovation and Technology Policy
Authors: Malerba Franco
Published: May 2017

Este artigo usa o conceito de sistema setorial de inovações que permite a utilização de uma visão multidimensional integrada e dinâmica da inovação em seus setores. Sistemas setoriais apresentam três dimensões que afetam tanto a geração e adoção de novas tecnologias quanto a organização da inovação e produção nos seguintes níveis setoriais: conhecimento, atores e redes e instituições. O artigo discute o escopo conceitual dos sistemas setoriais, apresenta cinco análises de setores principais e examina suas tendências principais, seus desafios e suas transformações. O artigo também oferece uma análise sobre implicações políticas públicas e sugestões do ponto de vista do sistema setorial de inovações.
Política de Ciência e Tecnologia no III PBDCT (1980/1985)
Authors: Salles Filho Sérgio
Published: May 2017

Neste número da Revista Brasileira de Inovação chegamos ao final desta série de três publicações que recuperam a memória de algumas das idéias fundamentais do planejamento de ciência e tecnologia no Brasil, expressas nos três Planos Básicos de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (PBDCT). É espantosa, para os dias de hoje, a coerência e o alinhamento da política de C&T de então com as políticas de desenvolvimento econômico, industrial e agrícola. Talvez pelo fato de estarmos há muito tempo sem planejamento neste País, ou no máximo com fragmentos de planejamento, aqui e acolá, sem coesão, os PBDCTs revelam uma fase em que havia planejamento integrado. Uma coisa não acontecia sem a outra, pelo menos no plano dos "Planos". Tal qual o Primeiro e o Segundo PBDCTs, o Terceiro foi publicado como "detalhamento do tema especial 'Ciência e Tecnologia' do Capítulo VI do III Plano Nacional de Desenvolvimento”. Aprovado na 18a reunião do Conselho Científico e Tecnológico do CNPq, o III PBDCT foi publicado em 3 de setembro de 1980, em Decreto assinado pelo presidente João Baptista de Oliveira Figueiredo e pelo Ministro do Planejamento, Antonio Delfim Netto.
David Kupfer & Lia Hasenclever (orgs.) - Economia Industrial: Fundamentos Teóricos e Práticas no Brasil
Authors: Pinho Marcelo Silva
Published: May 2017

Quem, em agosto de 2003, procurasse na base de dados da livraria eletrônica Amazon Books títulos que incluíssem as expressões “Industrial Organization” ou “Industrial Economics” obteria como resposta uma listagem com 210 itens. Mesmo suprimindo as repetições e os volumes relativos a outras disciplinas — particularmente numerosas quando se trata da acepção diversa que a sociologia empresta ao termo organização industrial —, ainda restariam 154 referências. 89 delas são de natureza propriamente teórica e nada menos que 60 têm as características típicas de manuais ou compilações.
¿Podemos integrar la atención nutricional en los distintos niveles asistenciales? Reflexiones desde la cronicidad y la complejidad clínica
Authors: Blay Pueyo Carle
Published: May 2017

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¿Podemos integrar la asistencia nutricional en los distintos niveles asistenciales? La experiencia catalana. Visión del clínico
Authors: Burgos Peláez Rosa
Published: May 2017

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PRODUCTION AND QUALITY ENHANCEMENT OF MANGO USING FAN JET SPRAYER IRRIGATION TECHNIQUE
Authors: Heryani Nani , Kartiwa Budi , Apriyana Yayan , Syahbuddin Haris
Published: May 2017

Lack of water in reproductive phases (flowering, fruit formation and maturation) of mango can reduce fruit production and quality. In these phases the plant must be protected from water stress. The aim of the research was to assess the effect of irrigation on the productivity and quality of mango fruits. The study was conducted at the Cukurgondang Experimental Station, Pasuruan, East Java, from April to December 2013, using 40 mango trees of 21 year-old Arumanis variety. Mangoes were planted on five rows with eight plants for each row and 6 m x 6 m spacing within the row. Fan jet sprayer irrigation was installed using hose according to plant diameter. The irrigation technique of fan jet sprayer with four nozzles per plant was applied at 125, 100, 75, 50 and 0% of crop water requirements or equal to 828, 663, 497, 331 and 0 liters of water per tree, every seven days. The parameters observed were the number and weight of fallen fruits and the number, weight and quality of mangoes harvested. The results showed that irrigation of 50% and 75% of crop water requirement had the highest and lowest number of fallen fruits (26% and 14% of total production), respectively. The highest and lowest total number of mangoes were 3.108 and 1904 fruits, respectively, which were achieved at irrigation of 50% and 75% of crop water requirement. Further, the highest and lowest total weight of mango fruits were 1036.2 and 677.9 kg respectively which were achieved at irrigation of 50% and 125% of crop water requirement. Mango fruits produced were dominated by grades 2 and 3 with A quality.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens-MEDIATED IN-PLANTA TRANSFORMATION OF INDONESIAN MAIZE USING pIG121Hm-Cs PLASMID CONTAINING nptII AND hpt GENES
Authors: Listanto Edy , Riyanti Eny Ida , Sustiprijatno Sustiprijatno
Published: May 2017

Maize (Zea mays L.) productivity in Indonesia is challenged to be increased using genetic engineering. Recent advances in Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated in-planta transforma-tion makes it possible to transform maize with low cost, and simple method. This study aimed to confirm pIG121Hm-Cs plasmid in A. tumefaciens, and to estimate the efficiency level of  A. tumefaciens-mediated in-planta transformation of Indonesian maize by using pIG121Hm-Cs plasmid containing nptII and hpt genes. A series of studies were conducted including confirmation of gene construct of pIG121Hm-Cs plasmid in A. tumefaciens, transformation of four maize lines through A. tumefaciens-mediated in-planta technique, acclimatization of transformant plants and molecular analysis of selected plants using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The pIG121Hm-Cs plasmid was confirmed via PCR analysis using specific primers of nptII and hpt genes and resulted 700 bp and 500 bp for fragments of nptII and hpt, respectively. After selection, acclimatization and molecular analysis steps, the efficiency levels of transformation of four maize lines were low, ranging from 3.8% to 12.8%. The level of transformation efficiency of ST-27 line was the highest accounting for 12.8% of 45 planted embryos on selection medium based on PCR analysis using specific primer for nptII gene. Overall, A. tumefaciens-mediated in planta transformation on maize floral pistil in this study proved to be successful and rapid. Therefore, this enhanced transformation method will be beneficial for Indonesian maize genetic engineering.
GENOMIC VARIATION OF FIVE INDONESIAN CACAO (Theobroma cacao L.) VARIETIES BASED ON ANALYSIS USING NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING
Authors: Tasma I Made , Satyawan Dani , Rijzaani Habib , Rosdianti Ida , Lestari Puji , Rubiyo Rubiyo
Published: May 2017

Indonesian cacao productivity is still low mainly due to the lack availability of superior cacao planting materials. A new breeding method is necessary to expedite cacao yield improvement programs. To date, no study has yet been done to characterize Indonesian cacao varieties at the whole genome level. The objective of this study was to characterize genomic variation of five superior Indonesian cacao varieties using next-generation sequencing. Genetic materials used were five Indonesian cacao varieties, i.e. ICCRI2, ICCRI3, ICCRI4, SUL2 and ICS13. Genome sequences were mapped to the cacao reference genome sequence of Criollo variety. Sequence alignment and genomic variation discovery were done using Bowtie2 and mpileup software of Samtools, respectively. A total of 2,326,088 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 362,081 insertions and deletions (Indels) were obtained from this study. In average, a DNA variant was identified in every 121 nucleotides of the genome sequence. Most of the DNA variants were located outside the genes. Only 347,907 SNPs and Indels (13.18%) were located within protein coding region (exon).  Among the DNA variations within exon, 188,949 SNPs caused missense mutation and 1,535 SNPs induced nonsense mutation.  Unique gene-based SNPs were also discovered from this study that can be used as fingerprints for the particular cacao variety. The DNA variants obtained were excellent DNA marker resources to support cacao breeding programs. The SNPs discovered are useful as materials for genome-wide SNP chip development to be used for gene and QTL tagging of important traits for expediting national cacao breeding program.
Blowout Prevention and Relief-Well Planning for the Wheatstone Big-Bore Gas-Well Project
Authors: Upchurch Eric R. , Falkner Sam , House Andrew , Nguyen Chinh , Russell Ken
Published: May 2017

The offshore Wheatstone liquefied natural gas (LNG) project in Western Australia uses subsea big-bore gas wells as the preferred method of producing the field. Wheatstone wells use a 9⅝-in. production conduit from the top of the gas pay zone to the ocean floor. Wellbores of this size are necessary to match the large productive capacity of the gas reservoirs they penetrate. This producing scenario provides the obvious benefit of yielding large volumes of gas through the use of relatively few wells. Each of those highly productive wells, however, also represents a source of gas that, if accidentally allowed to flow unhindered, could present an uncommonly difficult well-control challenge. It is for this reason that the Wheatstone Drilling and Completions (D&C) Team evaluated a wide range of possible reservoir- and well-architecture scenarios to fully understand the possible scale of relief-well responses that might be necessary in the event of a blowout. The conclusions from this evaluation were surprising. Our original well-design concept called for penetrating the Wheatstone gas reservoirs with a casing shoe set 3,100 ft vertically above. Our analysis indicated that three or four relief wells would be simultaneously required to bring a blowout under control. Because of these results, both the well- and drilling-execution plan were redesigned to minimize the number of required relief wells. In summary, the redesign amounted to setting the casing immediately (i.e., ≤ 10 ft) above the gas reservoir before actually penetrating it, with the resulting benefit of reducing the required number of relief wells to two. Although this reduction is beneficial, it should be noted that there is only one documented subsea case where two or more relief wells have been drilled with the intent of simultaneously pumping into both to effect a dynamic kill. Given this fact, our well-control-related preparations for executing this project were more extensive than those of preceding projects.

This paper chronicles the full extent of the engineering and operational planning performed to ensure that no uncontrolled hydrocarbon releases occurred during the execution of the Wheatstone Project's subsea big-bore gas wells and, if a blowout were to occur, that the response to such an unprecedented event would be sufficient and robust. Covered in this paper are reservoir-deliverability modeling, dynamic-kill modeling, gas-plume modeling, relief-well trajectory and mooring planning, pilot-hole-execution planning, a newly applied logging-while-drilling (LWD) technology for sensing resistivity vertically below the drill bit, and a discussion of future research identified as necessary to better define the fluid-injectivity capabilities of subsea relief wells.
“Vaguely Right or Precisely Wrong?”: Making Probabilistic Cost, Time, and Performance Estimates for Bluefield Appraisal
Authors: Surovtsev Dmitry , Sungurov Anton
Published: May 2017

We conducted a practical case study that aims at estimating the shapes and parameters of probability distributions for key cost, time, and activity performance inputs required by a risk, resource, and value simulator to conduct a stochastic valuation of a new exploration asset.

We analyzed a sample of 73 shallow offshore fields in Australia retrieved from a global field-by-field database that includes reserves, production profiles, financials, valuation, breakeven prices, ownership, and other key metrics for global oil and gas fields, discoveries, and exploration licenses.

The reviewed facilities concepts include 40 steel platforms, 2 concrete gravity-based developments, 10 projects with extended-reach drilling, 4 floating production, storage, and offloading (FPSO) vessels, and 17 subsea tiebacks. The aggregate capital expenditure (Capex) of projects in the sample during 1965–2015 is USD 99.1 billion (in nominal terms), which is commensurate with the total asset size of the Australian offshore petroleum industry.

We estimate probability distributions for all full-cycle parameters required to generate Monte Carlo Capex, operating expenditure (Opex), and production profiles. In particular, these include facility Capex per unit peak, development-phase duration and scheduling rules, drilling expenditures per barrel of oil equivalent (BOE), cost of exploration and appraisal wells, Opex/Capex ratio, abandonment cost ratio, fraction of hydrocarbons produced yearly at plateau, fraction of hydrocarbons remaining at end of plateau, terminal production rate, and fraction predrilled wells. Most of the aforementioned were found to be log-normally distributed.

The paper illustrates a practical application of a simple, yet robust, work flow relying on real industry data to assess the value, risks, and uncertainties of an exploration prospect. It can be seamlessly extended to other basins because of a rich coverage of the online field-analogs database.
Modeling Finite-Fracture Networks in a Partially Fractured Reservoir in the Middle East
Authors: Ozkaya Sait I.
Published: May 2017

Dual-porosity/dual-permeability simulation formulae are derived from reservoirs with an infinite network of fully interconnected conductive fractures. One aspect of fractured reservoirs is that not all have fully interconnected fracture networks. Most of the fractured reservoirs are only partially fractured. Partially fractured reservoirs, in contrast, consist of discrete bundles of conductive fractures and/or isolated fractures. The discrete-fracture bundles are interconnected within but are isolated from other bundles nearby. In case of partially fractured reservoirs, location, size, and shape of discrete-fracture bundles must be determined to populate the fracture grid of the dual-porosity or dual-porosity/dual-permeability simulation model.

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how the location, size, and shape of interconnected-conductive-fracture bundles can be determined by integrating borehole-image data with depletion-curve analysis. The method was devised to populate a fracture grid of a preliminary dual-porosity simulation model for a small field in the Middle East. The field produces from a partially fractured carbonate reservoir and has only a few vertical wells. Fractures in the field are dispersed or layer-bound and seem to be related to folding.

Depletion-curve analysis and image logs yield location, size, and shape of discrete-fracture bundles. Fracture porosity, permeability, and size of matrix block bounded by fractures within each fracture bundle can be calculated by use of fracture data from borehole-image logs. A critical justification for integrating image logs with depletion-curve analysis is that it is not possible to predict finite-fracture-network (FFN) location, size, and spacing only from analytical connectivity measures or stochastic discrete-fracture-network (DFN) models.
Data-Driven Optimization of Injection/Production in Waterflood Operations
Authors: Temizel Cenk , Nabizadeh Mehdi , Kadkhodaei Nematollah , Ranjith Rahul , Suhag Anuj , Balaji Karthik , Dhannoon Diyar
Published: May 2017

Decision making in waterflooding operations is a crucial process in petroleum oilfield activities where numerous attributes and uncertainties exist in the complete process. This study investigates the reservoir management of waterfloods in terms of injection/production practices. A well-organized historical database that also collects real-time data is especially important in utilization of data-driven methods in the process of determination of optimum injection/production practices for waterfloods that will result in better recovery and sweep, which is illustrated in this paper.

Statistics is a strong tool to turn information or data into knowledge when used with care and physical understanding of the cause-effect relation between attributes and the outcome. Unfortunately, historical data and learnings from the past cannot be used in an efficient way in oilfield decisions due to the lack of systematically organized historical data where there is a huge potential of turning terrabytes of data into knowledge and understanding for improved decisions and results. Historical injection and production data at pattern level is utilized to determine the optimum injection levels in light of significant factors that affect the success of a waterflooding displacement process with commercial data analysis tools.

Analysis of injection/production data at associated injectors and producers reveals the optimum injection levels depending on the significant factors including but not limited to subsurface conformance, number and location of producers, vintage of wells, completion practices and injection history. The optimum injection levels change depending on the changing variables that affect the displacement and injection processes, thus, a real-time data flow from producers and injectors is required to capture and maintain the optimum operating levels.

The significance of each parameter in this process is obtained in a dynamic manner with real-time feed of field data and efficiently used to determine the optimum levels of injection at a specified time. Change of important factors in the process in time is also important by means of adding another dimension on the relative significance of parameters in the process, thereby shedding light on future decisions.
PHA Based on First Principles Qualitative and Quantitative Models and Empirical Knowledge
Authors: Wu Jing , Lind Morten , Asheim Bjarne André , Jørgensen Sten Bay , Jensen Niels
Published: May 2017

Industrial processes contain inherent risks and to assess such risks the use of Process Hazard Analysis (PHA) are commonly applied. The benefits of first principles qualitative and quantitative models and empirical knowledge support for PHA are explored. The use of qualitative hazard analysis based on functional modelling to guide hazard analysis is emphasized.

The study proposes a framework for investigating potential hazard scenarios based on functional modeling, e.g. Multilevel Flow Modeling of process system. Subsequently quantitative hazard analysis is used to prioritize the hazard scenarios with highest potential. MFM represents the process on several levels of abstraction and supports logical inference. The potential hazard scenarios are ranked by likelihood and severity. Judgment about likelihood, severity and the tolerability of the resulting risk is made on a subjective basis using the empirical knowledge of the PHA team members. The potential hazard scenario generation procedure can be computer-aided. The proposed framework is applied for a water injection system to increase oil recovery from existing reservoir with better safety performance.

Qualitative functional models are efficient for detailed description of possible accident scenarios. Domino effects can be visualized in an MFM model. The possible major accident scenarios are selected by likelihood and severity of their effects. The major accident scenarios can be examined in detail through further quantitative analysis. The hazard analysis of a water injection system demonstrates the feasibility and applicability of the proposed framework.

In industrial practice, formulation of the major accident scenario is usually based on historical incidents and the outcome of HAZOP/HAZID type hazard identification studies. Such studies are dependent on the team and their collective knowledge rather than being systematic and objective in nature. The proposed framework performs systematic and comprehensive plant failure and consequence path generation by a computer-aided tool.
Thoracoschisis associated with Limb Body Wall Complex
Authors: Vujovic Dragana , Sretenovic Aleksandar , Raicevic Maja , Lukac Marija , Krstajic Tamara , Ljubic Vesna , Sindjic-Antunovic Sanja
Published: May 2017

Thoracoschisis is a rare condition. A female newborn presented with right-sided thoracoschisis, associated with diaphragmatic hernia and protrusion of an accessory liver lobe through the chest wall defect along with deformity of the right forearm and hand duplication. Diagnosed as part of the limb-body wall complex (LBWC), management included resection of the exteriorized liver lobe followed by right hemidiaphragm and thoracic wall reconstruction.
Short-term Dietary Interventions for the Management of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver
Authors: Stokes Caroline S. , Lammert Frank , Krawczyk Marcin
Published: May 2017

Background:

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects millions of individuals on a global scale and currently no gold standard treatment exists. The risk of developing NAFLD is considerably higher with increasing body mass index. Consequently, weight loss should be recommended to all overweight patients with fatty liver. However, lifestyle interventions, irrespective of weight status, may also influence the condition. The aim herein is to present examples of short-term interventions which assess direct effects of dietary-related components on hepatic steatosis.

Methods:

This review includes studies with short-term dietary-related interventions of up to 16 weeks that evaluate their efficacy in reducing intrahepatic lipid contents (hepatic steatosis). This review primarily focuses on the three main macronutrients: dietary carbohydrates, fats and proteins.

Results:

High saturated fat intake and high consumption of carbohydrates, particularly from simple sugars such as fructose are reported as risk factors for hepatic steatosis. Overall, shortterm hypocaloric diets have shown beneficial effects in reducing intrahepatic lipid contents. Macronutrient manipulations such as carbohydrate restriction as well as the consumption of unsaturated fatty acids are also reported to have efficacious effects.

Conclusion:

This review highlights the different dietary interventions that can influence hepatic steatosis in the short term, illustrating both pro and anti-steatotic effects.
Isolated Compounds from Natural Products with Potential Antidiabetic Activity - A Systematic Review
Authors: Frode Tania S. , Munhoz Antonio C.M.
Published: May 2017

Background: Worldwide, Type 2 diabetes has become a growing health problem. While many
research articles in the field of ethnopharmacology have focused on the antidiabetic properties of medicinal
plant species, insufficient evidence remains regarding their therapeutic use. Studies using both in
vitro and in vivo models are necessary to evaluate various medicinal plants species, used in folk medicine,
by using scientific criteria.

Methods: This review focuses on isolated compounds from medicinal plant species that have reported
antidiabetic activity in diabetes models. Searches using MEDLINE/PUBMED and SCOPUS databases
were conducted to find articles in English on compounds isolated from plant species that have been
tested using in vivo and/or in vitro diabetes models and published between 01/01/2005 and 12/31/2015.

Results: The majority of studies involved in vitro assays that used the analysis of enzymes and receptors
to investigate the antidiabetic mechanisms of active compounds at the molecular level. Compounds that
have been reported to have important anti-diabetic activity with defined mechanisms were identified,
including quercetin, oleanolic acid, kaempferol, ursolic acid, rutin, β-sitosterol, and mangiferin.

Conclusion: This review contributes to the field of ethnopharmacology and should impact the design of
new strategies in the search of novel compounds for the treatment of diabetic conditions.
Designed Ankyrin Repeat Proteins: A Look at their Evolving Use in Medicine with a Focus on the Treatment of Chorioretinal Vascular Disorders
Authors: Smithwick Elizabeth , Stewart Michael W.
Published: May 2017

Background: Antibodies constitute an important drug development platform for
drugs to treat several ophthalmic, oncologic, and immunologic conditions, but due to limitations
inherent in antibody production and structure, a wide range of other protein binding
scaffolds are being investigated. Designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins) are simple to
produce and offer a range of advantages over antibodies because of their stability, high
binding affinity, and rigid structure.

Objective: DARPins are being developed for a wide variety of medical applications, and the
most studied molecule, abicipar pegol, is used to treat chorioretinal vascular diseases. This
mini-review will discuss the current state of DARPin technology and will summarize drug
development with a focus on abicipar.

Methods: PubMed searches with keywords “DARPin” and “designed ankyrin repeat proteins”
were performed and the reference lists of identified articles were examined for additional
research material. Studies using DARPin molecules were identified at Clinicaltrials.
gov. Non-peer reviewed data were found through Google searches of pertinent websites.

Results: Abicipar prevents angiogenesis by binding all isoforms of vascular endothelial
growth factor (VEGF)-A with single-digit picomolar affinity. Abicipar has a long intraocular
half-life in rabbits and has produced promising results in pre-clinical studies. Pivotal
phase III registration trials for the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration
are ongoing and a phase II/III trial for the treatment of diabetic macular edema has been
announced.

Conclusion: Abicipar pegol has the potential to effectively treat chorioretinal vascular conditions
with an extended duration of action beyond those of currently used anti-VEGF
drugs.
Constitutive Modelling for Anisotropic Damage in Woven E-Glass Reinforcements
Authors: Yang Ping , Tong Ying
Published: May 2017

It is easy for composite laminates to be damaged by relative lower velocity impact which could give rise to internal delamination that will strongly weaken the compressive strength of laminates. In order to predict the occurrence of matrix failure, the elastic-brittle behaviors of fiber-reinforced composites were modeled constitutively by an anisotropic damage model. The dynamic tensile testing was performed at a constant velocity of 2 mm/min until the sample broke to achieve the mechanical parameters of E-glass reinforcements. The elastic constitutive equation and the constitutive damage model were obtained on basis of the fundamental theory of mechanics about the orthotropic constitutive of reinforcements. The methodology for this constitutive model which is developed by Hashin considered both the effect of fiber and matrix failure. Then, the developed constitutive equations were incorporated into the FE (finite element) codes, ABAQUS, through the user subroutine module to simulate the process of projectile impacting GFRP composite laminates. The results show that the material deformation reaches a maximum at 24 μs, then occurs rebound with the increase of the time. The stress of reinforcements traverse section linearly increases outward from 0 MPa to 509.8 MPa. Material damage area increases with the prolonging of time, and for a fixed time, material damage gradually increases from the edges to the center and reaches a constant value of 1, which means the rupture of the damage process.
Innovative Maintenance Model: Methodology of Decision Making and Global Economic Cost – Based Choice Using Fuzzy Logic Concepts
Authors: Bouzoubaa Zakaria , Soulhi Aziz , El Alami Jamila , El Alami Noureddin
Published: May 2017

Background:

In this paper, we propose the Development of a knowledge-based expert system applied to Electricity distribution Network maintenance.

Method:

The expert system utilizes the Matlab®platform, using its proprietary Fuzzy Logic Toolbox. The inputs to the expert system are the different situations related to cost variables to and the implementation of one of the maintenance optimizing solutions pertaining to the Live Work-Redundancy-Simultaneity-Security model as defined by the maintenance unit during a the global life cycle of the equipment. The output of the system indicates the economic feasibility and benefit of the solution to be adopted of for our Maintenance model. Application of the expert system methodology is shown as a simulation.

Conclusion:

The expert system may be of valuable assistance to utility engineers or asset managers in making strategic maintenance decisions such as “Economic solution”.
Dental and Oral Problem Patterns and Treatment Seeking Behavior of Geriatric Population
Authors: AlZarea Bader K.
Published: May 2017

Background:

The manifestations of oral changes and disorders affecting the geriatric population are different from the rest of the population. Inaccessibility to dental care is a compelling impediment to avail oral health services.

Objective:

The aims were to assess the dental and oral problems and to find out the determinants of oral health seeking behaviour among elderly population of Al-Jouf province, Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

The present cross sectional study included geriatric patients of 60 years and above, who visited the College of Dentistry, Al-Jouf University. A simple pre-structured questionnaire was filled by the patients, which comprised of demographic details and the different oral complaints of elderly and the type of health care utilized for those complaints.

Results:

Out of total 892 elderly persons included, 51.79% were males and 48.21 were females. The most common oral problem was missing tooth (78.69%) followed by gum problems (74.21%). 39.5% males and 28.0% females visited general dental practitioners for oral health care. Majority of the participants (32.8%) suggested accessibility as a basic factor in determining the health care source. The difference in the distribution of male and females or association between the type of care and gender and distribution for choosing a health care source was found to be statistically significant (p< 0.05).

Conclusion:

Inaccessibility to dental care emerged as an important barrier to avail oral health services. Adequate access to medical and dental care can reduce premature morbidity and mortality, preserve function, and enhance overall quality of life.
Use of Proviral DNA to Investigate Virus Resistance Mutations in HIV-infected Zimbabweans
Authors: Musingwini Tutsirai V. , Zhou Danai T. , Mhandire Doreen , Duri Kerina , Gomo Exnevia , Oktedalen Olav , Chimukangara Benjamin , Shamu Tinei , Shawarira-Bote Sandra , Dandara Collet , Stray-Pedersen Babill
Published: May 2017

Background:

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) to suppress HIV replication has reduced morbidity and mortality yet effectiveness of current HIV drugs is threatened by HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) mutations.

Objective:

To determine HIVDR mutations using proviral DNA from specimens of patients presenting to an HIV treatment clinic.

Methods:

DNA from 103 patients, 86 treatment-experienced, 17 treatment-naïve, were genotyped for the HIV-1C reverse transcriptase gene (RT; codons 21-304) using Sanger sequencing and sequences analyzed using Sequencher software. Resistance mutations were interpreted using Stanford HIVDR reference database.

Results:

Median age was 39 (IQR, 33-46) years and 80% of patients were female. Six-percent (n=6) had at least one HIVDR mutation, comprising NRTI-associated mutations, (M184V, T69D, T69N and V75I); NNRTI-associated mutations (G190A, K103N, V106M, Y181C) and thymidine analogue associated mutations (D67N, K70R, K219Q, L210W, M41L, T215Y). Of the six participants, with at least one HIVDR mutation, all were treatment experienced, five were on tenofovir, lamivudine and nevirapine and one was on tenofovir, lamivudine and atazanavir. There was no difference in median CD4 count and viral loads when patients were compared by presence of HIVDR mutations.

Conclusion:

We demonstrated the use of proviral DNA in HIVDR testing in adult patients and present that all the patients with various kinds of HIVDR mutations were treatment experienced, pointing to the role of drug regimens in driving viral mutations. Thus, the use of proviral DNA has potential to help provide surveillance on risk of HIVDR in HIV-infected individuals who are on treatment, which may assist in corrective treatment.
Adoption of the HPV vaccine: a case study of three emerging countries
Authors: Caro Martínez Araceli , Espín Balbino Jaime , Lemgruber Alexandre , Martín Ruiz Eva , Olry de Labry Lima Antonio , García-Mochón Leticia , Lessa Fernanda
Published: May 2017

Background:The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has recently attracted considerable attention in emerging countries, due to its potential to reduce the impact of HPV-related diseases. This case study sheds new light about the variety of HTA arrangements, methods and processes involved in the adoption and use of HPV vaccines in a selected sample of central, eastern and southern Europe and Latin America and the Caribbean, all of them emerging in the use of HTA.Materials & Methods:A multi-country case study was designed. Mixed methods, document review, semi-structured surveys and personal communication with experts, were used for data collection and triangulation.Results:This study shows that common elements of good practice exist in the processes and methods used, with all countries arriving at the same appraisal recommendations. However, the influence of socio-politico-economic factors appears to be determinant on the final decisions and restrictions to access made.Conclusion:This case study intends to draw useful lessons for policymakers in emerging settings interested in the adoption of the HPV vaccine supported by evidence-informed processes, such as those offered by institutionalized HTA. Future studies are also recommended to elucidate the specific roles that social values and uncertainties play in vaccine decision-making across different societies.
Querying stakeholders to inform comparative effectiveness research
Authors: Hong Yoon Duk , Goto Daisuke , Mullins C Daniel
Published: May 2017

Despite the growing recognition of the value of stakeholder engagement in research, there is limited guidance on effectively eliciting stakeholder views during the comparative effectiveness research (CER) process. This article outlines the potential role of each stakeholder (patient, provider, policymaker and payer) throughout the CER process and provides examples of practical questions that researchers can ask the four primary stakeholder groups at each step of the CER process. This guide aims to assist in the development of meaningful stakeholder–researcher shared decision-making to incorporate stakeholder views in the design, conduct and dissemination of patient-centered CER.