bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enabling change in public health services: Insights from the implementation of nurse mentoring interventions to improve quality of obstetric and newborn care in two North Indian states
Authors: Kane Sumit , Dayal Prarthna , Mahapatra Tanmay , Kumar Sanjiv , Bhasin Shikha , Gore Aboli , Das Aritra , Reddy Sandeep , Mahal Ajay , Krishnan Suneeta , Kermode Michelle
Published: June 2020

Background: Few studies have explicitly examined the implementation of change interventions in low- and middle-income country (LMIC) public health services. We contribute to implementation science by adding to the knowledge base on strategies for implementing change interventions in large, hierarchical and bureaucratic public services in LMIC health systems.

Methods: Using a mix of methods, we critically interrogate the implementation of an intervention to improve quality of obstetric and newborn services across 692 facilities in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar states of India to reveal how to go about making change happen in LMIC public health services.

Results: We found that focusing the interventions on a discreet part of the health service (labour rooms) ensured minimal disruption of the status quo and created room for initiating change. Establishing and maintaining respectful, trusting relationships is critical, and it takes time and much effort to cultivate such relationships. Investing in doing so allows one to create a safe space for change; it helps thaw entrenched practices, behaviours and attitudes, thereby creating opportunities for change. Those at the frontline of change processes need to be enabled and supported to: lead by example, model and embody desirable behaviours, be empathetic and humble, and make the change process a positive and meaningful experience for all involved. They need discretionary space to tailor activities to local contexts and need support from higher levels of the organisation to exercise discretion.

Conclusions: We conclude that making change happen in LMIC public health services, is possible, and is best approached as a flexible, incremental, localised, learning process. Smaller change interventions targeting discreet parts of the public health services, if appropriately contextualised, can set the stage for incremental system wide changes and improvements to be initiated. To succeed, change initiatives need to cultivate and foster support across all levels of the organisation.
La distinción entre problem-solving y teoría crítica: una reflexión desde las Relaciones Internacionales
Authors: Jiménez-Peña Gabriel
Published: June 2020

En este escrito, en primer lugar, se busca determinar qué puntos de vista de determinados autores han sido asociados en las Relaciones Internacionales (RRII) con la categoría de “críticos” y por qué razones. En segundo lugar, se busca mostrar que hay diferencias no solo de matiz, sino de fondo entre los diferentes enfoques “críticos”, pero también al interior de ellos. Finalmente, se concluye explorando las razones plausibles por las cuales esta clasificación entre teorías puede ser o no de utilidad actual en las rrii, al argüir que hay un sentido en el que dicho concepto abarcador es útil, pero otro en el que promueve la confusión y las generalizaciones espurias.
Complexity Results and Effective Algorithms for Worst-Case Linear Optimization Under Uncertainties
Authors: Luo Hezhi , Ding Xiaodong , Peng Jiming , Jiang Rujun , Li Duan
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we consider the so-called worst-case linear optimization (WCLO) with uncertainties on the right-hand side of the constraints. Such a problem often arises in applications such as in systemic risk estimation in finance and stochastic optimization. We first show that the WCLO problem with the uncertainty set corresponding to the [Formula: see text]p-norm ((WCLOp)) is NP-hard for p ɛ (1,∞). Second, we combine several simple optimization techniques, such as the successive convex optimization method, quadratic convex relaxation, initialization, and branch-and-bound (B&B), to develop an algorithm for (WCLO2) that can find a globally optimal solution to (WCLO2) within a prespecified ε-tolerance. We establish the global convergence of the algorithm and estimate its complexity. We also develop a finite B&B algorithm for (WCLO∞) to identify a global optimal solution to the underlying problem, and establish the finite convergence of the algorithm. Numerical experiments are reported to illustrate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithms in finding globally optimal solutions to medium and large-scale WCLO instances.
Labor Boundaries and Skills: The Case of Lobbyists
Authors: Espinosa Miguel
Published: June 2020

What are the determinants of in-house employment versus outsourcing in the service sector? I use detailed data on U.S. lobbying services to answer this question. I argue with a series of correlational exercises that firms tend to outsource lobbying tasks that demand a large amount of general skills, whereas they are more likely to assign firm-specific tasks to in-house lobbyists. I provide causal evidence that the need to do tasks that vary in their general skill component leads to a change in outsourcing. Using difference-in-difference estimations, I show that the 2010 British Petroleum oil spill increased the general skills needed by oil and gas firms and that, consequently, their use of lobbyists for hire increased.

This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy.
Dynamic Pricing and Routing for Same-Day Delivery
Authors: Ulmer Marlin W.
Published: June 2020

An increasing number of e-commerce retailers offers same-day delivery. To deliver the ordered goods, providers dynamically dispatch a fleet of vehicles transporting the goods from the warehouse to the customers. In many cases, retailers offer different delivery deadline options, from four-hour delivery up to next-hour delivery. Due to the deadlines, vehicles often only deliver a few orders per trip. The overall number of served orders within the delivery horizon is small and the revenue low. As a result, many companies currently struggle to conduct same-day delivery cost-efficiently. In this paper, we show how dynamic pricing is able to substantially increase both revenue and the number of customers we are able to serve the same day. To this end, we present an anticipatory pricing and routing policy (APRP) method that incentivizes customers to select delivery deadline options efficiently for the fleet to fulfill. This maintains the fleet’s flexibility to serve more future orders. We model the respective pricing and routing problem as a Markov decision process (MDP). To apply APRP, the state-dependent opportunity costs per customer and option are required. To this end, we use a guided offline value function approximation (VFA) based on state space aggregation. The VFA approximates the opportunity cost for every state and delivery option with respect to the fleet’s flexibility. As an offline method, APRP is able to determine suitable prices instantly when a customer orders. In an extensive computational study, we compare APRP with a policy based on fixed prices and with conventional temporal and geographical pricing policies. APRP outperforms the benchmark policies significantly, leading to both a higher revenue and more customers served the same day.
Inflammatory bowel disease fatigue: an analysis of definitions, risk factors and impact and their implications for assessment and management
Authors: Dhalaigh Doireann Ni , Greaney Anna Marie , Farrell Dawn
Published: June 2020

Background:

Fatigue is an insufficiently understood, assessed and managed symptom of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Aim and method:

A literature review using concept analysis was carried out to determine the definitions, risk factors and impact of IBD fatigue and their implications for assessment and management.

Findings:

The findings suggest that IBD fatigue may be defined as ‘a multifactorial, multidimensional feeling of mental and/or physical weariness, which varies in frequency and severity. It can be overwhelming and is not typically relieved by rest or sleep.’

Conclusions:

This definition of IBD fatigue should help patients and clinicians recognise the significance of this symptom and begin a productive dialogue on more effective assessment and management.
Helping people to live well with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Fraser Simon , Taal Maarten
Published: June 2020

Reduced glomerular filtration rate and presence of albuminuria are both associated with increased risk of several poor outcomes. People with chronic kidney disease also commonly suffer from lower quality of life than their age-matched peers. The experiences reported by patients with chronic kidney disease include being shocked by the diagnosis, being uncertain about the cause and worrying about progression and future treatment. Issues such as depression, pain and fatigue are common in people with chronic kidney disease. Helping people to live well with a long-term condition like chronic kidney disease should include efforts to reduce the risk of adverse events occurring in the future, and consider what can be done to enhance quality of life now. Clinicians can help by being aware of the patient perspective, communicating clearly and recommending interventions that reduce future risk as well as recognising and treating symptoms. Assessing overall treatment burden is an important component of management and non-pharmacological interventions that may improve mobility, strength and pain should be considered.
Real-time retinal layer segmentation of OCT volumes with GPU accelerated inferencing using a compressed, low-latency neural network
Authors: Borkovkina Svetlana , Camino Acner , Janpongsri Worawee , Sarunic Marinko V. , Jian Yifan
Published: June 2020

Segmentation of retinal layers in optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an essential step in OCT image analysis for screening, diagnosis, and assessment of retinal disease progression. Real-time segmentation together with high-speed OCT volume acquisition allows rendering of en face OCT of arbitrary retinal layers, which can be used to increase the yield rate of high-quality scans, provide real-time feedback during image-guided surgeries, and compensate aberrations in adaptive optics (AO) OCT without using wavefront sensors. We demonstrate here unprecedented real-time OCT segmentation of eight retinal layer boundaries achieved by 3 levels of optimization: 1) a modified, low complexity, neural network structure, 2) an innovative scheme of neural network compression with TensorRT, and 3) specialized GPU hardware to accelerate computation. Inferencing with the compressed network U-NetRT took 3.5 ms, improving by 21 times the speed of conventional U-Net inference without reducing the accuracy. The latency of the entire pipeline from data acquisition to inferencing was only 41 ms, enabled by parallelized batch processing. The system and method allow real-time updating of en face OCT and OCTA visualizations of arbitrary retinal layers and plexuses in continuous mode scanning. To the best our knowledge, our work is the first demonstration of an ophthalmic imager with embedded artificial intelligence (AI) providing real-time feedback.
Topological control of the nonlinear-optical response of hybrid quantum systems
Authors: Crowell Ethan L. , Kuzyk Mark G.
Published: June 2020

We map the topological properties of a one-dimensional Kronig–Penny +
sinusoidal superlattice to the optical properties of an electronic
system. We find that the nonlinear-optical response is optimized for
electrons that live in the transitional morphology between
topologically protected edge states and delocalized eigenstates. This
provides a novel means of tuning any nonlinear-optical response of a
hybrid quantum system, which we demonstrate for the important examples
of second- and third-harmonic generation, and the optical Kerr effect.
We show how these characteristics can be used to mimic saturable
absorption and illustrate how “quantum cords” can be used to build an
efficient all-optical switch.
Methodology of selective metallic thin film ablation from susceptible polymer substrate using pulsed femtosecond laser
Authors: von der Heide Chresten , Grein Maria , Bräuer Günter , Dietzel Andreas
Published: June 2020

Electronic devices on flexible polymeric substrates allow new fields of applications. A maskless and flexible structuring process for such systems is offered by ablation using ultra-short pulse laser irradiation. Hereby, certain areas of a functional thin film coating (e.g. nickel-chromium) are locally removed from a substrate (e.g. polyimide) to yield the needed device structures. Micro laser patterning quality is influenced by the beam properties (beam profile, fluence) as well as by the pulse overlap, the substrate material and many other factors. A clear distinction must be made between the material ablation at the surface of a bulk material and the substrate selective removal of a thin metallic film. For the latter, general rules for the prediction of ablation results especially in the case of areal ablation, which were not known from the literature so far, are derived here in the form of mathematical criteria. A methodology for the parameter finding in different cases of ablation (dot, line, areal) is presented and exemplified using a practical example, but is also applicable to other flexible thin film based systems.
Integrating-sphere-free reflectometry of blackbody cavity emissivity using the ratio of hemispherical–given solid angle reflections
Authors: Song Jian , Hao Xiaopeng , Yuan Zundong , Ding Lei
Published: June 2020

Blackbody cavity reflectivity is normally measured using an integrating sphere to collect hemispherical reflected radiation from a blackbody opening when illuminated by a directional light source. The challenge of taking this method without an integrating sphere arises for blackbody cavity emissivity measurement in satellites due to space constraints. The ratio of hemispherical–given solid angle reflections is proposed to calculate the total reflected power from a blackbody cavity by multiplying a measurable reflected power in a given solid angle. The ratio is obtained by simulating the distribution relationship between the total hemispherical reflected light power and the reflected light power in the given solid angle under different coating emissivity. The emissivity measurement results are consistent with radiometric method measurements and simulation results, with an uncertainty of 0.0005.
High-performance stationary solar tracking through multi-objective optimization of beam-steering lens arrays
Authors: Johnsen Håkon J. D. , Aksnes Astrid , Torgersen Jan
Published: June 2020

Beam-steering lens arrays enable solar tracking using millimeter-scale relative translation between a set of lens arrays. This may represent a promising alternative to the mechanical bulk of conventional solar trackers, but until now a thorough exploration of possible configurations has not been carried out. We present an approach for designing beam-steering lens arrays based on multi-objective optimization, quantifying the trade-off between beam divergence and optical efficiency. Using this approach, we screen and optimize a large number of beam-steering lens array configurations, and identify new and promising configurations. We present a design capable of redirecting sunlight into a <2° divergence half-angle, with 73.4% average yearly efficiency, as well as a simplified design achieving 75.4% efficiency with a <3.5° divergence half-angle. These designs indicate the potential of beam-steering lens arrays for enabling low-cost solar tracking for stationary solar concentrators.
Size dependence of quantum efficiency of red emission from GaN:Eu structures for application in micro-LEDs
Authors: Denier van der Gon D. , Timmerman D. , Matsude Y. , Ichikawa S. , Ashida M. , Schall P. , Fujiwara Y.
Published: June 2020

GaN-based micro-LEDs typically suffer from a size-dependent efficiency due to the relatively long carrier lifetime and sidewall-related recombination effects. We demonstrate that for red-emitting Eu-doped GaN, sidewall-related recombination is hardly an issue for emission efficiency. We determine the photoluminescence quantum efficiency (PL QE) of Eu-related emission as a function of the size of square structures ranging from 3 to 192 µm. With the support of finite-difference time-domain simulations, we show that the light extraction efficiency and material losses are responsible for the decrease in PL QE for large sizes. For sizes smaller than 24 µm, there is an influence of the sidewall-related non-radiative recombination of carriers on the PL QE; however, it is only minor as a result of the limited carrier diffusion lengths in the Eu-doped material. These properties combined with the high efficiency of luminescence indicate the potential of this material for micro-LED applications.
Analytic HG-mode propagation through circular apertures with Zernike phase offset
Authors: Weaver Alexander , Fulda Paul , Mueller Guido
Published: June 2020

Mode expansion methods (MEMs) have been used in both the scientific and commercial world to accurately propagate monochromatic light fields. Compared to classical methods for light propagation from scalar diffraction theory, it is often less costly and much more easily implemented into optical chains. We provide an analytic expression for the overlap between incoming and outgoing Hermite Gauss (HG) TEM modes over an aperture with potential wavefront error represented by Zernike terms for the purpose of propagating light through apertures. We show agreement between our results and those of prior studies of the topic, as well as an application of this method to an ongoing interferometry mission.
Reconfigurable time-stretched swept laser source with up to 100  MHz sweep rate, 100  nm bandwidth, and 100  mm OCT imaging range
Authors: Huang Dongmei , Li Feng , Shang Chao , Cheng Zihao , Wai P. K. A.
Published: June 2020

The sweep rate, sweep range, and coherence length of swept sources, respectively, determine the acquisition rate, axial resolution, and imaging range of optical coherence tomography (OCT). In this paper, we demonstrate a reconfigurable high-speed and broadband swept laser by time stretching of a flat spectrum femtosecond pulse train with over 100 nm bandwidth and a repetition rate of 100 MHz. By incorporating an optical modulator and utilizing appropriate dispersive modules, the reconfiguration of the swept source is demonstrated with sweep rates of 25 and 2.5 MHz. The 2.5 MHz swept source enables an imaging range of

>
110
  
mm

with 6 dB sensitivity roll-off in OCT, which is the longest imaging range ever reported for megahertz OCT.
Drug-Induced Liver Injury Associated With Alpha Bolic (RAD-140) and Alpha Elite (RAD-140 and LGD-4033)
Authors: Barbara Mary , Dhingra Sadhna , Mindikoglu Ayse L.
Published: June 2020

We report a 52-year-old man who developed drug-induced liver injury after taking Alpha Bolic (contains RAD-140) and Alpha Elite (contains both RAD-140 and LGD-4033) supplements. Liver biopsy demonstrated diffuse centrilobular canalicular cholestasis, prominent ductular reaction, and mild lobular inflammation with rare non-necrotizing epithelioid granuloma suggestive of drug-induced liver injury. Liver enzymes returned to normal levels approximately 3 months after the patient stopped both supplements. We present the mechanism of drug-induced liver injury associated with 2 selective androgen receptor modulators, including RAD-140 and LGD 4033.
COVID-19 and Informal Settlements - Implications for Water, Sanitation and Health in India and Indonesia
Authors: parikh priti , Bou Karim Yasmin , Paulose Jacob , Factor-Litvak Professor Pam , Nix Dr. Emily , Nur Aisyah Dr. Dewi , Chaturvedi Hemant , Manikam Dr. Logan , Lakhanpaul Professor Monica
Published: June 2020

Informal settlements are home to over one billion people worldwide and are characterised by high population densities and poor environmental conditions. The authors identify the impact of COVID-19 on existing water and sanitation practices and potential pathways for transmission of COVID-19 in informal settlements in India and Indonesia. In the short term, there is an urgent need for mobile hand washing, washing/bathing facilities and toilets. In the long term, COVID-19 provides an opportunity to invest in centralised water and sanitation networked solutions appropriated for high-density settings to integrate those settlements into the city, improve environmental conditions and health in cities.
Discursos e regimes de verdade em enunciados sobre o sujeito quilombola na mídia
Authors: Sousa Claudemir
Published: June 2020

Os conceitos atuais de quilombo e quilombola são resultantes de embates históricos em torno da manipulação da memória social brasileira acerca da participação do negro na formação do povo brasileiro. Assim, neste artigo analisaremos quais regimes de verdade sustentaram a produção enunciativa sobre o sujeito quilombola na mídia. Para tanto, recorreremos a dois enunciados do jornal O Estado do Maranhão que têm como objeto o quilombola. A ancoragem teórica para essas análises serão os Estudos Discursivos Foucaultianos, assentados na proposta teórico-metodológica de Michel Foucault, que toma os discursos em sua dimensão histórica para analisar os enunciados em sua dispersão e no campo adjacente do qual fazem parte. Nesse sentido, além de nos referirmos a outros enunciados, também nos apoiaremos em outros autores que contribuem para essa discussão. Concluímos que os discursos da mídia acerca do sujeito quilombola na história de construção da sociedade brasileira elaboram regimes de verdade que se pautam no acontecimento da assinatura da Lei Áurea, em 13 de maio de 1888, e nas lutas pela liberdade dos escravizados travadas por Zumbi dos Palmares, morto em 20 de novembro de 1695.
Trust without Confidence: Moving Medicine with Dirty Hands
Authors: Rubaii Kali
Published: June 2020

As participants in a small trust network smuggle medication across ISIS-controlled northern Iraq to hospitals in the besieged city of Mosul, they theorize their pragmatic entanglements with unknown others. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in 2014 and 2015, as well as the author’s participation in this network, the essay introduces enunciatory trust, or trust without confidence, as an analytical framework for surviving (in)security in Iraq.
Structures of Resentment: On Feeling—and Being—Left Behind by Health Care Reform
Authors: Mulligan Jessica M. , Brunson Emily K.
Published: June 2020

Described by many as an emotional state rooted in having been treated unfairly, resentment has surged over the past decade. Resentment politics troubled the passage and implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA, 2010) in the United States. While some people gained access to health insurance through the ACA, others experienced continued exclusion from affordable coverage. Drawing on ethnographic interviews with poor whites from Florida, Rhode Island, and Texas, we show how uninsured individuals talked about and experienced resentment through contradictory tropes of “us versus them,” deservingness, and personal responsibility. We argue that policies based in resentment, occurring on both national and state levels, structured these individuals’ experiences and amplified their resentment sentiments. Through this case study we argue that resentment is more than an emotion: it is also a force that structures policies and their implementation. Resentment policies in turn create the social, political, and economic circumstances that generate resentment feelings.
Establishing the Intimate Link: 20th Century Tropical Agriculture and the Establishment of the Coconut Zone
Authors: Cerepak Philip Jan
Published: June 2020

This paper examines the role of colonial science institutions in imagining and developing the Coconut Zone, an area of intense coconut production that extends from the small Pacific island chains encompassing the Caroline and the Marshall Islands, all the way to northern Papua, the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, and Southern India. Through an examination of European colonial science institutions, as well as the Philippine Bureau of Science, and Agriculture, this paper establishes the intimate connection between western consumers and tropical producers. Here, within the agricultural institutions, we are able to see the burgeoning demand for copra production and a formation of a distinct Coconut Zone. This paper builds upon Sydney Mintz’s theoretical articulation of sugar production to situate copra, the dried meat of the coconut, in conversation with other global, colonial commodities.
A Reflection of “Indonesian Maritime Fulcrum” Initiative: Maritime History and Geopolitical Changes
Authors: Ali Ismail , Sulistiyono Singgih Tri
Published: June 2020

The announcement of a maritime economic initiative known as the 21st Century Maritime Silk Route (MSR) by Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2013 created a new paradigm shift in the geo-economy and geo-politics of countries in the Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean. With this initiative, China aims to rebuild maritime lines in the seas and oceans where China once was regarded as one of the world's leading powers. In contrast to countries in Southeast Asia, which still hold divergent views on the Chinese initiative, Indonesia sees it as an opportunity to develop regions that have long been marginalized from development. It is in line with the shift in Indonesia’s global economic-political agenda in the 21st century through a doctrine known as "Indonesia as a Maritime Fulcrum," which was initiated by “Jokowi” Widodo and Jusuf Kalla in 2014. Taking into account the importance of this idea in Indonesia's geo-economic and geo-political agenda, this study is to reflect on Indonesia’s history as a global maritime and trade power before it was undermined by the Dutch occupation. In addition, using historical approach, this study aims to see and evaluate how the idea of "Indonesia as a Maritime Fulcrum" can restore Indonesia’s reputation as a major maritime power in the Southeast Asian archipelago.
Yield and quality of two sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris var. altissima Döll) cultivars are influenced by foliar application of salicylic acid, irrigation timing, and planting density
Authors: ABDELAAL Khaled A.A. , RASHED Sahar H. , HOSSAIN Akbar , EL Sabagh Ayman
Published: June 2020

Two field experiments were conducted to evaluate the time of foliar application of 100 ppm salicylic acid (SA), two irrigation (IR) timings, three levels of spacing (SP) hill-1 with different plant density on growth, yield and quality characters of two sugar beet cultivars (‘Samba’ and ‘Farida’). The results revealed that the foliar application of 100 ppm SA at 30 days after planting (DAP) and 14 days after the first application significantly influenced top fresh mass and root biomass of sugar beet plants. Conversely, the increasing period between planting and first irrigation scheduling led to significant differences in fresh mass, sugar yield, and sucrose % as well as purity % of sugar beet. Plants density with 60 × 20 cm spacing hill-1 was found to be better than the other two spacings for major characters, particularly root fresh mass, and Total soluble solids and purity %. Inversely, spacing at 60 × 15 cm, between hills gave the maximum levels of top fresh mass, root yield and sugar yield in the first season. The interaction effect between spacing hill-1 at 60 × 20 cm and 100 ppm SA applied at 30 DAP gave the maximum levels of increment for most of the studied characters, particularly for cultivar ‘Farida’.
Insecticidal activity and sublethal effects of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. isolates and essential oils against Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Authors: MOUSAVI Mahdieh , GHOSTA Youbert , MAROOFPOUR Nariman
Published: June 2020

The cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877, is a polyphagous species and one of the most important pests of cucumber crops in Iran. In this study, virulence of three Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill isolates, IRAN 108, IRAN 429C and LRC 137, as well as insecticidal activity of two essential oils extracted from Matricaria chamomilla L. and Cuminum cyminum L. were evaluated against adult stage of A. gossypii under laboratory conditions. The data for life table were analyzed using the age-stage, two-sex life table theory. Results showed that all isolates were pathogenic on aphid, but their virulence was varied in different isolates. The lowest calculated LC50 was belonged to IRAN 429C (3.9 × 104conidia ml-1). The lowest LT50 was obtained at concentration of 108 and 107 conidia ml-1 for IRAN 429C (2.9 and 3.55 days, respectively). M. chamomilla essential oil had the lowest LC50 and LT50 values (19 µl l-1 air and 11.4 h), respectively. Longevity and population growth parameters, including the intrinsic rate of increase (rm), gross reproduction rate (GRR), net reproductive rate (R0), generation time (T) and finite rate of population increase (λ), were affected negatively by both agents. According to the results obtained in this study, both entomopathogenic fungi and essential oils could be used as an alternative to chemical insecticides in aphid IPM programs.
Senecio vulgaris L. recorded as a new host plant for the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne luci
Authors: SUSIČ Nik , ŠIRCA Saša , UREK Gregor , GERIČ STARE Barbara
Published: June 2020

Meloidogyne luci is a polyphagous plant parasitic nematode species with a potential to cause great losses in agricultural production. M. luci can parasitize over thirty important crop species as well as ornamentals, herbs and weeds. In this report we documented a weed plant common groundsel (Senecio vulgaris L.) as a new naturally-infected host species which could act as a reservoir for this pest.
Faber Method Classical Piano Learning In Purwacaraka Music School Purwokerto
Authors: UTAMI NUR AINI PUTRI , WIDJAJANTIE KUSRINA
Published: June 2020

Purwacaraka Purwokerto Music School is able to give birth to talented classical piano students so they can win various championships. From the observations, this is influenced by the use of the faber method in learning. This study aims to describe learning methods faber at Purwacaraka Purwokerto Music School. The research approach applied in this study is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques are carried out by observation, interview and document study. The results of this study indicate that the use of the faber method in classical piano learning in Purwacaraka Purwokerto Music School is only used at the beginner level (Grade Preparatory) and is an excellent method for learning at the beginner level because it uses books specifically designed for beginners with many bring up colorful images that make students imagine, so students understand learning material in their own way. The advantages of the faber method are that students get a strong foundation in reading beam notation, dynamics games and articulation in a score of songs played and this method is a very good method used as a basis for learning piano because it has material and theory that is emphasized to provide basic reference piano playing with piano playing techniques.
DEFINITIONS AND THEORIES OF PUBLIC SPACE
Authors: Łupienko Aleksander
Published: June 2020

The part of the book ‘Order in the Streets. The Political History of Warsaw’s Public Space in the First Half of the 19th Century’Detailed information is here https://storage.googleapis.com/flyers.peterlang.com/March_2020/978-3-631-80070-6_normal_English.pdf
Architectural Conservation Proposal of Kashinath Bhaban: A Vivid Example of Colonial Architecture in Bengal
Authors: Shirajom Monira Khondker  , Nuzaba Binte Kabir
Published: June 2020

During the Colonial period, Bangladesh with a rich cultural heritage and cultural identity is vividly conveyed and navigated as an image of power, pride and creativity. For this research study, the authors carefully chosen a unique ancient building named “Kashinath Bhaban” of Panam Nagar. Panam Nagar is an old settlement as a part of Sonargaon area of Bangladesh. This edifice abides the evidence to the style and design of Colonial architecture in Bengal. It is absolute that the whole Panam city including the building Kashinath Bhaban play an important role to represent our cultural heritage or our glorious past. Therefore an urban conservation of Panam Nagar is needed. This study concentrates on the proposal for the architectural conservation of the building Kashinath Bhaban of Panam which have precious and research worthy documentation or information. The overall research study conducted here is focused on the demonstration of the possible directions of architectural conservation which is based on the building’s plan layout, elevations, sectional details, structure as well as construction materials, decoration and ornamentation. For the architectural conservation of the building, here the authors consider restoration procedure as a conservation technique which will help to represent own belief with historical value and cultural exclusivity to the architecture.
Spatial Logic of Shopping Malls: Application of Space Syntax in understanding Economics of Architecture
Authors: Sumanta Deb  , Keya Mitra
Published: June 2020

Research findings of architecture and environmental psychology espouse the supremacy of built environment in influencing human behavior in general and movement behavior within buildings and urban areas in particular. Retail management studies on the other hand highlight the importance of influencing human movement as a determining factor for tenant-mix design. Identifying a proper mix of tenant stores in a shopping mall is responsible for its economic performance and is considered a strategic mall management decision. In practice, this decision is taken by management professionals, based mostly on gut feeling or rule of thumb. So, there is a scope for integration of knowledge of these two different disciplines for significantly enhancing tenanting decision making in shopping malls, which will ultimately lead to its economic success. A proper methodology is required in this juncture to relate spatial configuration with movement. Verbal description of space, prevalent in the architectural practice, makes it difficult for correlating with measurable variables like footfall. Space syntax analysis is a potential evidence based approach for quantitative description of configuration in explaining movement through space. The purpose of this paper is twofold: identifying the supremacy of space syntax measures over normal metric measures and establishing a spatial rationale behind tenanting decision making (optimal area and rent of tenant stores) through developing the standard bid-rent model with tenant store specific variables and solving under the conditions of maximizing profit and situation of perfect competition. Consequently, retail space planning will not only be an accommodator of functional requirements but will be a potential tool for economic success through generating, controlling and predicting movement.
Agencias, mundos y ontologías como escenarios de problematización de la antropología contemporánea
Authors: Perdomo Juan Camilo
Published: June 2020

Una parte importante de los debates antropológicos contemporáneos busca subvertir la división naturaleza/cultura y redefinir el contexto de investigación para tomar en cuenta a las entidades no-humanas como agentes inmanentes de significación. Este artículo tiene como propósito dar cuenta de la multiplicidad de abordajes propuestos. Se enfoca en sus desencuentros, puntos compartidos y fricciones productivas. Para ello señala que dichas teorizaciones se concentran en torno a tres interrogantes entrelazados: ¿qué es y qué posee capacidad de agencia?, ¿habitamos uno o varios mundos?, ¿debemos abandonar la oposición naturaleza/cultura por el concepto de ontología? Este ejercicio comparativo permite mapear las especificidades de las nuevas apuestas disciplinares y dimensionar sus falencias y potencialidades.
Evaluación de Lactobacillus plantarum microencapsulado y su viabilidad bajo condiciones gastrointestinales simuladas e inhibición frente a Escherichia coli O157:H7
Authors: Jurado Gámez H. , Sinsajoa Tepud M. , Narváez Rodríguez M.
Published: June 2020

Se evaluó la viabilidad de Lactobacillus plantarum microencapsulado, su efecto de inhibición sobre Escherichia coli O157:H7 y crecimiento en condiciones gastrointestinales simuladas. Se utilizaron a L. plantarum ATCC 8014® y E. coli ATCC 43888®. Se realizó pruebas de Inhibición de L. plantarum sobre E. coli y test de susceptibilidad a CTX (30 µg), P (10 IU), GN (10 µg) DCX (1 µg), CIP (5 µg) y KF (30 µg) para ambas cepas. En la bacteria láctica se determinó la cinética de fermentación, y la presencia de péptidos y aminoácidos por HPLC en ambas cepas. Se evaluó el crecimiento a 37°C y 45°C de L. plantarum y se valoró la viabilidad de su microencapsulación mediante condiciones gastrointestinales (Bilis, Sales biliares y pH ácido), al igual que la supervivencia y estabilidad de preparado y sus características físicas y morfológicas. Los resultados indicaron que L. plantarum inhibió a E. coli y el  microencapsulado resultados positivos con una viabilidad del 83,3%, eficiencia 88,4%, Humedad 7,79%, actividad de agua 0.4, humectabilidad de 1 min: 56 s, solubilidad del 96%, morfología esférica y tamaño entre 15,18 a 35,68 µm. Finalmente, se observó un alto potencial de L. plantarum como agente inhibidor para E. coli O157:H7.
Tumor venéreo transmissível canino com resistência quimioterápica e metástase esplênica - Relato de caso
Authors: Duzanski A. P. , Ortiz A. D. , Fonseca M. W. , Flórez M. M. , Rodrigues L. T. , Michelon F. , Rocha N. S.
Published: June 2020

O Tumor Venéreo Transmissível Canino (TVTC) é uma neoplasia de células redondas que tem a particularidade de se implantar em mucosas que tenham perdido a sua integridade. Nesse local o tumor prolifera e ocasionalmente origina metástase. Em geral, o tumor responde ao tratamento com sulfato de vincristina, porém a resistência quimioterápica associada ao fenótipo tumoral tem sido documentada. Objetivou-se relatar um caso de TVTC genital de fenótipo citológico misto com metástase esplênica e o insucesso da quimioterapia com sulfato de vincristina, em uma fêmea canina, da raça Australian Cattle Dog, de cinco anos de idade. Após diagnóstico citológico e histológico, o tumor primário foi ainda caracterizado em fase de progressão e mostrou baixa expressão de moléculas do complexo principal de histocompatibilidade MHC (4,4 ± 2% classe I e 11 ± 4,1% classe II). A cadela foi submetida à ovariohisterectomia e esplenectomia terapêutica e não apresentou recidiva do tumor após 12 meses de acompanhamento clínico.
Analysing the relationship between unemployment benefits and unemployment duration
Authors: Rotar Laura Južnik , Krsnik Sabina
Published: June 2020

The aim of this paper is to analyse the relationship between unemployment benefits and durations of unemployment with respect to different approaches in social policy. The hypothesis of the research is that unemployment benefits negatively affect the duration of unemployment. An analysis of the relationship concerning unemployment benefits and duration of unemployment within the European Union Member States (EU-28) between 2006–2018 using panel data regression approach was conducted. The sample was split into sub-samples in order to get more homogeneous groups of EU-28 countries. Estimation results suggest that the more generous a social policy, the more prevalent the negative relationship between unemployment duration and unemployment benefits. Our results also revealed that the better the economic situation, the less pressure is put on unemployment benefits and on the duration of unemployment.
Analisis Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) Dalam Penentuan Jalur Evakuasi, Tempat Evakuasi Sementara (TES) Beserta Kapasitasnya di Kota Pariaman
Authors: Purbani Dini , - Ardiansyah , M.P Harris , Salim Hadiwijaya Lesmana , Ramdhan Muhammad , - Yulius , Prihantono Joko , Dewi Lestari Cendikia
Published: June 2020

Kota Pariaman tahun 2009 mengalami gempabumi dua kali dengan kekuatan gempa (Mw) 7,9 dan 6,2 (USGS, 2009). Dampak yang ditimbulkan terjadi korban jiwa meninggal 46 jiwa, luka berat 64 jiwa dan luka ringan 363  jiwa (BPK - RI 2010).Upaya yang dilakukan untuk meminimalisasi korban jiwa, pemerintah daerah membuat rute evakuasi menuju TES di lokasi yang aman. Lokasi penelitian berada di Desa Naras Satu, Desa Ampalu, Desa Kampung Baru, Desa Karan Aur, Desa Taluak, Desa Marabau dan Desa Pasir Sunur. Upaya yang dilakukan agar meminimalisasi korban bencana dengan mengevakuasi warga menuju TES  dengan jarak tempuh 270 m yang dapat dicapai dalam waktu 6 menit. Proses analisis SIG menggunakan jaringan jalan (network analysis). Parameter yang digunakan adalah  jaringan jalan dan sebaran rumah penduduk.Dari Hasil analisis SIG dapat diketahui usulan TES berjumlah 39 unit yang berada di Desa Naras Satu sejumlah 8 unit, Desa Ampalu 5 unit, Desa Kampung Baru 11 unit, Desa Karan Aur 7 unit, Desa Taluak 1 unit, Desa Marabau 4 unit dan Desa Pasir Sunur 3 unit. Kelayakan TES yang dapat menampung warga antara lain Kantor lama Walikota Pariaman Karan Aur, Mesjid Pasir Sunur, SDN 5 Marabau, SMPN2 Kampung Baru dan SDN 15 Ampalu.
Joint Entity and Relation Extraction with a Hybrid Transformer and Reinforcement Learning Based Model
Authors: Xiao Ya , Tan Chengxiang , Fan Zhijie , Xu Qian , Zhu Wenye
Published: June 2020

Joint extraction of entities and relations is a task that extracts the entity mentions and semantic relations between entities from the unstructured texts with one single model. Existing entity and relation extraction datasets usually rely on distant supervision methods which cannot identify the corresponding relations between a relation and the sentence, thus suffers from noisy labeling problem. We propose a hybrid deep neural network model to jointly extract the entities and relations, and the model is also capable of filtering noisy data. The hybrid model contains a transformer-based encoding layer, an LSTM entity detection module and a reinforcement learning-based relation classification module. The output of the transformer encoder and the entity embedding generated from the entity detection module are combined as the input state of the reinforcement learning module to improve the relation classification and noisy data filtering. We conduct experiments on the public dataset produced by the distant supervision method to verify the effectiveness of our proposed model. Different experimental results show that our model gains better performance on entity and relation extraction than the compared methods and also has the ability to filter noisy sentences.
The Value of Paraphrase for Knowledge Base Predicates
Authors: Xue Bingcong , Hu Sen , Zou Lei , Cheng Jiashu
Published: June 2020

Paraphrase, i.e., differing textual realizations of the same meaning, has proven useful for many natural language processing (NLP) applications. Collecting paraphrase for predicates in knowledge bases (KBs) is the key to comprehend the RDF triples in KBs. Existing works have published some paraphrase datasets automatically extracted from large corpora, but have too many redundant pairs or don't cover enough predicates, which cannot be improved by computer only and need the help of human beings. This paper shows a full process of collecting large-scale and high-quality paraphrase dictionaries for predicates in knowledge bases, which takes advantage of existing datasets and combines the technologies of machine mining and crowdsourcing. Our dataset comprises 2284 distinct predicates in DBpedia and 31130 paraphrase pairs in total, the quality of which is a great leap over previous works. Then it is demonstrated that such good paraphrase dictionaries can do great help to natural language processing tasks such as question answering and language generation. We also publish our own dictionary for further research.
An Open-Label Single-Arm Phase II Study of Treatment with Neoadjuvant S-1 Plus Cisplatin for Clinical Stage III Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus
Authors: Kanda Mitsuro , Koike Masahiko , Iwata Naoki , Shimizu Dai , Tanaka Chie , Hattori Norifumi , Hayashi Masamichi , Yamada Suguru , Omae Kenji , Nakayama Goro , Kodera Yasuhiro
Published: June 2020

Trial Information

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Lessons Learned

Two courses of neoadjuvant therapy using S-1 plus cisplatin for clinical stage III esophageal squamous cell carcinoma did not achieve expected response rate according to endoscopic evaluation of primary tumors. Subsequent esophagectomy was safely performed.

Background

In Japan, esophagectomy after two courses of 5-fluorouracil plus cisplatin is regarded a standard strategy for treating stage II or III esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, 5-fluorouracil plus cisplatin does not benefit cohorts with clinical stage III ESCC, suggesting the need for a more effective regimen.

Methods

A single-arm, open-label phase II trial was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of two courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy using S-1 plus cisplatin (NAC-SP) for clinical stage III ESCC. The primary endpoint was overall response rate as defined by endoscopic evaluation of primary tumors.

Results

We enrolled 26 patients. The completion rate for the two courses of NAC-SP was 61.5%. Grade 3 or higher adverse events were experienced by 38.4% of patients. The treatment response rate according to endoscopic findings, acquired before the second course, was 34.6% and below the expected level (55.0%). The morbidity rate of patients who underwent radical subtotal esophagectomy (96.2%) was 32.0%. Repeat surgery was unnecessary, and surgery-associated deaths did not occur. The 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 84.6% and 92.2%, respectively.

Conclusion

We demonstrate safety of NAC-SP, but not its efficacy, for patients with clinical stage III ESCC. Subsequent esophagectomy was safely performed.