bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metal Chelating and Cupric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacities of Ammoides atlantica Aqueous Extract
Authors: Loucif Karima , Benabdallah Hassiba , Benchikh Fatima , Mehlous Soulaf , Kaoudoune Chahrazed , Souici Chawki Ben , Amira Smain
Published: August 2020

Reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS) are produced in all cells and play important roles in physiology. The loss of the redox balance, either by an increase of oxidant molecules ROS and RNS or by decreased antioxidant system activities cause a state of oxidative stress. Several studies are going on worldwide directed towards finding natural antioxidants of plant origin. Plants containing phenolic compounds have been reported to possess strong antioxidant activity. The objective of this study is to evaluate total polyphenols and flavonoids contents (TPC and TFC) as well as examine the in vitro antioxidative properties from aqueous extract of Ammoides atlantica (AqE). TPC was estimated utilizing Folin-Ciocalteu's reagent. TFC was evaluated utilizing the aluminum chloride method. The antioxidant properties were evaluated using metal chelating and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assays. Indeed, results showed that the AqE is rich in polyphenols (141.74±0.44 µg gallic acid equivalents/ mg of dry weight), and flavonoids (61.87±6.7 µg quercetin equivalent/ mg dry weight). These phytochemical compounds possess significant antioxidant activities. The results showed that AqE exhibited a good Metal chelating activity with an IC50 of 36.57±4.73 µg/ mL. CUPRAC assay showed that AqE extract exhibited high cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity with an A0.5 of 8.58±0.13 µg/mL. These findings provide evidence that AqE of Ammoides atlantica is a potential source of antioxidant which have many benefits towards human health.

Keywords: Ammoides atlantica, aqueous extract, phenolic compounds, metal chelating and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity.
A Review on Antimalarial 1,2,4-Trioxane Derivatives
Authors: Choudhary Amit , Sinha Manish , Devi Arti , Jindal Shammy , Goyal Kamya
Published: August 2020

Malaria in recent years becomes a major health hitch globally due to the surfacing of multidrug-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum parasite. In recent times, artemisinin (ART)-based drugs and combination therapies become the drugs of preference for the treatment and prophylaxis of resistant P. falciparum malaria. Endoperoxide compounds natural, semi-synthetic or synthetic signifying a massive number of antimalarial agents which possess a wide structural miscellany with needed antimalarial effectiveness against resistant P. falciparum malaria. The 1,2,4-trioxane ring system deficient the lactone ring which constitutes the most significant endoperoxide structural scaffold which is believed to be the key pharmacophoric moiety and is principally responsible for the pharmacodynamic potential of endoperoxide-based antimalarials. This becomes the main reason for the research related to endoperoxide particularly 1,2,4-trioxane-, 1,2,4-trioxolane- and 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane-based scaffolds gaining the noteworthy interest in recent years for developing antimalarial drugs against resistant malaria. In this paper, a comprehensive endeavour has been made to review the development of different endoperoxide antimalarial agents and structural diversity of endoperoxide molecules derived from 1,2,4-trioxane- based structural scaffolds.

Keywords: Endoperoxide; 1,2,4-trioxane; pharmacophores; artemisinin; antimalarial.
Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant Activities and GC-MS Profiling of Ethanol Bract Extract of Musa paradisiaca L.
Authors: Arumugam Perumal , Saraswathi Krishna , Dhivya Dhanasekar , Sivaraj Chandrasekaran
Published: August 2020

In recent year’s trend towards authentication, standardization and quality assurance of selected medicinal plants has been rapid increase for potential therapeutic significance. Despite the modern techniques, identification of plant drug by pharmacognostic study is more reliable. In Ayurveda, a traditional system of medicine Musa Paradisiaca is commonly used in Asthma, Diabetes, Anthelmintic, Hypertension, Insomnia, Snake bite. The whole plant as well as specific parts (leaves, ripe and unripe fruits, stems) of plant extract and its active constituents have been used for the treatment of large number of human ailments. Phytochemicals are virtually present in all the fruits, vegetables, pulses/legumes and grains which are commonly consumed, so it is quite easy to incorporate them in our daily diet. Current research studies were carried out for evaluating the antioxidant activities of ethanol bract extract of Musa paradisiaca. Antioxidant activities such as DPPH˙ radical, Superoxide (O2.-) radical, Nitric Oxide (NO) radical, ABTS●+ radical cation, phosphomolybdenum reduction and Fe3+ reduction were carried out for ethanol bract extract of Musa paradisiaca. The maximum DPPH˙ radical, Superoxide (O2.-) radical and Nitric Oxide (NO) radical scavenging activities were 52.05±0.38%, 57.71±0.45% and 49.63±0.32% at 120 µg/mL concentration and the IC50 values were 68.47 µg/mL, 71.37 µg/mL and 93.94 µg/mL concentrations respectively. The maximum ABTS●+ radical cation scavenging activity was 84.28±0.13% at 30 µg/mL concentration and the IC50 value was 10.04 µg/mL concentration respectively. The maximum Mo6+ reduction and Fe3+ reduction were 45.38±0.40% and 57.06±0.32% at 120 µg/mL concentration and the RC50 values were 121.44 µg/mL and 85.43 µg/mL concentrations respectively. Z-2-Tridecen-1-ol, Nonadecane-2,4-dione, a-Ketostearic acid, 2,5-Furandione, dihydro-3-(2-tetradecenyl)- were found to be the potent antioxidant compounds detected from GC-MS analysis.

Keywords: Antioxidant, phenolic compounds, Nitric Oxide (NO) radical, ABTS●+ radical cation, Fe3+ reduction and a-Ketostearic acid.
Phenolics Contents, Xanthine Oxidoreductase Inhibitory Potential, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Cachrys libanotis L. Root Extracts
Authors: AOUACHRIA Sana , Boumerfeg Sabah , Benslama Abderrahim , Boussoualim Naouel , Trabsa Hayat , Baghiani Abderrahmane
Published: August 2020

To date, no studies have investigated the phytochemical screening and biological activities of Cachrys libanotis L. traditionally used for the treatment of gout and rheumatism. Therefore, we aimed to investigate, for the first time, the phytochemical contents, the xanthine oxidoreductase inhibition, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities of extracts derived from the roots of C. libanotis L. Roots were submitted to extraction and fractionation using three different solvents sequentially, in the ascending order of polarity. Subsequently, XOR was purified from bovine milk and its inhibition was evaluated using xanthine/XOR system. The antioxidant activities were assessed employed superoxide scavenging, β- carotene bleaching, DPPH scavenging, ferrous iron chelation and FRAP assays). The antibacterial activity was tested by disc diffusion assay against 11 ATCC strains. Extraction and fractionation gave crude extract (CrE), hexane extract (HxE), chloroform extract (ChE), ethyle acetate extract (EAE) and aqueous extract (AqE).  EAE exhibited the highest XOR inhibitory effect. CrE exhibited the highest effect as DPPH scavenger. All fractions exhibited a good activity against linoleate oxidation. Both CrE and AqE had an excellent chelating activity. Extracts showed a medium reducing power with greatest value exhibited by EAE. The plant extracts exhibited moderate to good antibacterial activity where the HxE extract had the strongest antimicrobial activity. From the obtained results, C. libanotis roots might be helpful in preventing or slowing the progress of gout, and it could be used as an additive in the food industry providing good protection against oxidative damage.

Keywords: Cachrys libanotis, polyphenols, oxidative stress, xanthine-oxidoreductase (XOR), antimicrobial.
Early Phasic Containment of COVID-19 in Substantially Affected States of India
Authors: Mandal Manisha , Mandal Shyamapada
Published: August 2020

Introduction: India is experiencing the global COVID-19 pandemic caused with the infection of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). To explore the early epidemic course and the effectiveness of lockdowns on COVID-19 pandemic in some worst-affected Indian states.
Methods: Using publicly available real data and model-based prediction, the growth rate, case fatality rate, serial interval, and time-varying reproduction number (R) of COVID-19 were estimated, before and after lockdown implementation in India.
Results: The spread of COVID-19 epidemic in some highly-impacted Indian states displayed a characteristic sub-exponential growth projected up to 3 May 2020, as a consequence of lockdown strategies, in addition to improvement of reproduction number (R), serial interval, and daily growth rate, but not case fatality rate (CFR). The effect of COVID-19 containment was more prominent in second phase of lockdown with declining R, which was still >1.
Conclusion: The current findings suggest the requirement of sustained interventions for effective containment of COVID-19 pandemic in Indian context.
Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Indian states, epidemiological parameters, lockdown effect.
Herbal drugs Used on Parkinson Disease
Authors: Nagrik Shatrughna Uttam , Patil Prashant Arun , Nagrik Deepak M. , Zagare Vinayak , Avchar Priyamala , Bahurupi Samiksha , Ambhore Shubhangi
Published: August 2020

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the world's most widespread chronic neuron degenerative motion condition affecting more than 10 million people. The characteristic hallmark of PD involves a progressive loss of doperminergic neuron in the brain's Subetantia Nigra. Considerable Beware of this paid recently to the Bio-friendly Usage plant-based products for neuron prevention, cure and treatment Disease and is degenerative. The herbal drugs therefore are safer than other drugs. Herbal medicine has its roots in ancient civilizations. It includes the usage of medicinal plants to cure disease and enhance general wellbeing.

Keywords: Parkinson, Herbal Drug Treatment, Ayurveda
Pryazolylpyridine and Triazolylpyridine derivative of hydroxychloroquine as Potential Therapeutic against COVID-19: Theoretical Evaluation
Authors: Omar Ruwida M. K , Najar Adel M. , Bobtaina Eman , Elsheikh Awad F.
Published: August 2020

In attempt to improve the biological activity of the well-known drug hydroxychloroquine (HQC), eight derivatives (HQ1-4Py – HQ8-4Py) based on the core of HQC were design and their electronic properties including frontier molecular orbitals, total energy and structural parameters were estimated at semi-empirical PM3 levels. Pharmacological parameters such as physicochemical, pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness and medicinal chemistry friendliness have been evaluated to estimate the drugs similarity. Introducing these moieties affect both electronic and drug likeness properties, HQ5-Py shows promised  properties such large Eg and good clogP, The obtained results show that the suggested derivates may represent a potential drug candidate for COVID-19.

Keywords: Molecular similarity, COVID-19, Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ).
N-Acetylcystein has Potential Effect to Reduce Haematological Abnormalities in HIV/AIDS Patients Undergoing ARV Treatment
Authors: Yuniza Filia , Salim Eddy Mart , Kurniati Nova , Hudari Harun , Bahar Erial , Putra Agustian Dwi , Siregar Sri Sulpha , Baruara Guntur
Published: August 2020

Aims: to determine the effect of NAC administration on hematological abnormalities in HIV/AIDS patients who are undergoing ARV treatment.

Method: This was a pilot study using a double blind randomized clinical trial. A total of 32 subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into 2 groups, namely placebo and NAC. Subjects in the NAC group were given NAC at a dose of 3x200 mg/day, while the placebo group was given lactose at a dose of 3x200 mg/day. Each group was given treatment for 12 weeks. Before and after treatment, subjects were examined for hematologic parameters.

Results:  Most of subjects had normal hematological features. NAC administration did not have a significant effect on the mean levels of Hb, Ht, number of erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets (p> 0.05). However, NAC administration can reduce the degree of anemia and improve the condition of thrombocytopenia, leukopenia and lymphopenia.

Conclusion: NAC administration can reduce hematological abnormalities HIV/AIDS patients undergoing ARV treatment.

Keywords: ARV, Hematological abnormalities, HIV/AIDS, NAC.
Indirect pulp protection after selective caries removal: a preliminary 6 months randomised controlled trial
Authors: Azambuja Rafael Schultz de , Recchi Andrea Da Fontoura , Maltz Marisa , Jardim Juliana Jobim
Published: August 2020

This randomized controlled clinical trial evaluated the effectiveness of using indirect pulp protection with calcium hydroxide liner or universal adhesive over a period of 6 months in deep caries on permanent teeth after selective removal to soft dentin. The sample consisted of 68 patients with 55 molars and 21 premolars with deep caries lesion (with radiographic involvement ≥50% dentin deep caries), (median age 27 [distribution 7-54 years]), with signs of pulp vitality (positive response to cold test, absence of spontaneous pain, negative sensitivity to percussion tests, absence of radiographic imaging suggestive of periapical lesion) and absence of cuspid loss. After selective removal to soft dentin, the test group received a universal adhesive (n=38), whereas the control group indirect pulp protection with Calcium hydroxide (n=38). All teeth were restored with composite resin. The successful outcome for pulp vitality was assessed after six months. The results were submitted to the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and the Log Rank test. The baseline variables were analyzed for their distribution in the two treatment groups by ᵪ2 test and showed a similarly distributed between groups. Success rates to pulp maintenance vitality were 95.5% for the control group and 96.7% for the test group (P=0,986). Two cases of failure were recorded, one pulp necrosis (control group) and one pulpitis (test group). There is no difference between the use of calcium hydroxide or only universal adhesive in indirect pulp protection after selective removal to soft dentine followed by composite restoration at six months of follow-up, showing a high rate of success for both treatments.
Inserção da Odontologia Hospitalar na grade curricular dos cursos de Odontologia do sudeste brasileiro
Authors: Medeiros Yuri De Lima , Faria Luan Viana , Lopes Danielle Fernandes , Oliveira Iasminy Soares de , Fabri Gisele Maria Campos
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Avaliar a inserção da Odontologia Hospitalar nos Projetos Políticos Pedagógicos dos cursos de Odontologia das Instituições de Ensino Superior da Região Sudeste do Brasil. Materiais e Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo transversal e quantitativo, na qual as grades curriculares dos cursos foram analisadas, buscando-se as informações referentes às variáveis: inserção da disciplina, categoria administrativa da instituição, natureza do componente curricular, metodologia de ensino, período de oferta e carga horária. Os dados foram tabulados utilizando o programa GraphPad Prism 8.1.2, sendo analisados por meio de estatísticas descritivas. Resultados: Dentre as 176 universidades encontradas, 144 foram avaliadas e incluídas no estudo. Verificou-se que 46 instituições (31,9%) apresentavam a disciplina de Odontologia Hospitalar, sendo que destas, 38 (82,6%) possuem caráter obrigatório. Em relação à metodologia de ensino empregada, 21 (45,6%) possuem natureza apenas prática, 10 (21,7%) teórico-prática, 9 (19,5%) apenas teórica e 6 (13,6%) não especificaram a metodologia. A análise da carga horária reservada para a disciplina apresentou uma média de 73,83 horas, sendo a máxima de 176 horas e a mínima de 30 horas. Conclusão: A Odontologia Hospitalar como componente curricular nos cursos de Odontologia exibe-se ainda de maneira bastante discreta. Como o Projeto Político Pedagógico está em constante elaboração e deve acompanhar as transformações e exigências profissionais, estes dados alertam para necessidade de estruturação de diretrizes para consolidação desta área de conhecimento na formação do cirurgião-dentista.
Cistos odontogênicos inflamatórios e de desenvolvimento: estudo observacional e retrospectivo de 23 anos
Authors: Silva Iago Demétrio da , Lobo Fernanda , Silva Breno Gabriel da , Tolentino Elen De Souza , Iwaki Lilian Cristina Vessoni , Silva Mariliani Chicarelli da
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência e características dos cistos odontogênicos de forma observacional e retrospectiva, delineando o perfil epidemiológico destas lesões. Material e Métodos: Foram coletados os seguintes dados dos prontuários de pacientes com diagnóstico confirmado microscopicamente: idade, sexo, etnia, localização anatômica, diagnóstico histopatológico e tratamento, entre os anos de 1995 a 2018. Resultados: Dos 70 cistos, 75,7% eram inflamatórios e 24,2% de desenvolvimento. O cisto periapical inflamatório foi o mais prevalente (62,8%) seguido pelo cisto dentígero (71,0%). O cisto radicular lateral e queratocisto odontogênico obtiveram o mesmo percentual (5,7%), seguidos do cisto residual (4,3%), paradentário (2,8%) e a variável ortoqueratinizada (1,5%). As mulheres foram ligeiramente mais afetadas (1,12:1) com maior acometimento de leucodermas (80%). Idade e localização anatômica diferiram de acordo com cada lesão, embora a região anterior de maxila tenha sido mais afetada. A enucleação foi o tratamento mais utilizado (75,7%), exceto para o queratocisto odontogênico, no qual a marsupialização foi realizada em 75% dos casos. Conclusão: Os dados epidemiológicos fornecem uma visão importante para o entendimento da prevalência, extensão e gravidade dessas lesões, viabilizando o diagnóstico precoce e medidas preventivas, a fim de garantir a redução dos casos e melhorar a qualidade de vida da população.
Estudo dos acidentes com instrumentos perfurocortantes em clínica de graduação em odontologia
Authors: Martins Menara Elen Silva , Fernandes Thaís Christine Borges , Lyrio-Alvares Mariana Camilo Negreiros
Published: August 2020

Introdução: A biossegurança exerce papel fundamental na prevenção de acidentes ocupacionais na área da saúde, principalmente com os materiais perfurocortantes. Materiais e Métodos: O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar levantamento epidemiológico por meio de análise das fichas de notificação de acidentes ocorridos em clínica odontológica, preenchidas pelos alunos e funcionários de uma instituição de ensino superior, em Vitória/ES, durante o período de março de 2014 a março de 2019. Resultados: Foram avaliados um total de 76 fichas de notificação, registrando 69 (90,78%) ocorrências com alunos da graduação e 7 (9,22%) com funcionários. O local de maior incidência foi a clínica com 47 (61,84%) acidentes, 23 (30,27%) no expurgo e 4 (5,26%) na central de esterilização. Conclusão: Após a realização deste estudo pode-se concluir que o índice de acidentes com materiais ou instrumentos perfurocortantes é pequeno quando analisados os números de atendimentos realizados. Protocolos de biossegurança e normas de conduta clínica precisam ser seguidos para minimizar ainda mais os riscos de acidentes.
Analysis of Community’s Knowledge of Hepatitis A Disease and Vaccines in Indonesia
Authors: Endarti Dwi , Ahmad Irfan , Andayani Tri Murti
Published: August 2020

Hepatitis A is a viral disease with a high potential for morbidity and mortality which is also the second highest incidence in Indonesia after hepatitis B. The purpose of this research is to measure knowledge of Indonesian community about hepatitis A disease and vaccine and to analyze the factors related to knowledge. This study used an observational survey research design applying a cross-sectional multi-center approach. The number of sample was 500 respondents located in 5 provinces in Indonesia, namely DIY, Lampung, West Java, North Kalimantan, and Central Sulawesi. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire that was modified from the questionnaire in a similar study before. The results showed that the mean of knowledge score obtained was 75.2% ± 12.2% with a median of 76.9%. There are 2 items of knowledge that were lack understood by respondents, namely treatment of hepatitis A that cannot be treated with antibiotics and immunizations and hepatitis A is not included yet in the national immunization program in Indonesia. Statistical analysis using Mann-Whitney test showed that there were significant differences score of knowledge between groups on the characteristics of the number of dependents (p=0,000), experience of hearing a disease (p=0,000), experience of hearing a vaccine (p=0,000) and the experience of the child being vaccinated (p=0,000). It is recommended that the government conducts education programs for the community of Indonesia to improve knowledge related to hepatitis A diseases and the benefits of using hepatitis Avaccine.
Gobernanza de múltiples niveles el caso de la Unión Europea
Authors: Rodriguez Rodríguez Claudia Marcela
Published: August 2020

La Unión Europea, es un proceso notablemente complejo por sus diferentes características, tanto políticas, jurídicas y económicas, es por ello lo interesante del papel que juega en este aspecto la Gobernanza, ya no caracterizada como una Gobernanza jerárquica, en una sola instancia, sino que estamos hablando de una Gobernanza Multinivel o de múltiples niveles, esto es un ámbito supranacional, un ámbito nacional y uno subnacional. En esta Gobernanza se entremezclan diferentes actores, caracterizados por una interdependencia mutua, y cooperación ya que los actores persiguen objetivos comunes que no pueden conseguir por ellos mismos sino mediante la relación de diferentes actores; igualmente para implementar las políticas es necesario una conjunción de todos los actores siendo sin duda los más importantes para la implementación, el nivel subnacional o regional (tercer nivel). La Gobernanza Multinivel es un sistema poli céntrico en el que las unidades subestatales o subnacionales, se han incorporado al proceso político como portadoras, o como representantes de intereses y de identidades diferentes. Se realizó una revisión de varios textos que abordan el tema de la gobernanza multinivel para lograr entender el papel cada vez más importante de las regiones es el escenario de la Unión europea. Se concluye que cada vez es más importante la participación de los entes locales en la estructuración de políticas Públicas que respondan a la sinergia de los diferentes territorios y que estos encuentren voz e incidencia en el proceso de toma de decisiones dentro de la Unión, solo así se podrá seguir fortaleciendo el proceso político de integración de la Unión Europea.
Veinte años de la teoría de la securitización
Authors: Demurtas Alessandro
Published: August 2020

Este artículo ofrece una presentación general de la teoría de la securitización, elaborada por la Escuela de Copenhague para abordar los estudios sobre seguridad. Además de explicar los aspectos más relevantes de la teoría, se resaltan también las críticas de carácter meta-teórico y los problemas a la hora de aplicarla operativamente a los estudios de caso concretos.

La metodología consiste en una revisión de la literatura concerniente la teoría de la securitización y parte de los resultados concretos de la tesis doctoral del autor, que la aplica a 98 estudios de caso concretos. Los resultados de la publicación destacan que – a pesar de su amplia aplicación a lo largo de las últimas dos décadas en los estudios sobre seguridad – la teoría de la securitización presenta dos problemas. El primero es de carácter metateórico y concierne con la falta de análisis del contexto en el que ubicar la aplicación de la teoría. El segundo es de carácter operativo y se relaciona con la rigidez de la teoría planteada por la Escuela de Copenhague, hecho que obliga al investigador a manejar una ingente cantidad de datos heterogéneos entre ellos para cada estudio de caso analizado.
Optimización de los procesos productivos de la Fuerza Aérea de Colombia mediante la economía circular
Authors: Buitrago Leiva Jeimmy Nataly
Published: August 2020

El presente documento tiene como objetivo presentar una propuesta de toma de decisiones, que soporte la viabilidad de implementar mejoras en los procesos productivos de la Fuerza Aérea Colombiana (FAC) durante el periodo 2017, a través del concepto de economía circular, fundamentado en estrategias académicas y educativas generadas en los proyectos e investigaciones realizadas por parte de las Instituciones de Educación de la FAC. La metodología empleada fue de tipo exploratorio- descriptivo, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica y conceptual de las definiciones utilizadas aplicada a los procesos de toma de decisiones en la Institución por medio de variables cualitativas. El presente documento expone como conclusión, la pertinencia de la propuesta de la economía circular como ruta óptima hacia la calidad de los procesos productivos de la FAC.
VMAT2 safeguards beta-cells against dopamine cytotoxicity under high-fat diet induced stress
Authors: Admin Ada , Sakano Daisuke , Uefune Fumiya , Tokuma Hiraku , Sonoda Yuki , Matsuura Kumi , Takeda Naoki , Nakagata Naomi , Kume Kazuhiko , Shiraki Nobuaki , Kume Shoen
Published: August 2020

Vesicular
monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) uptakes cytoplasmic monoamines into vesicles for
storage. VMAT2 plays a role in modulating insulin release by regulating
dopamine levels in the pancreas, although the exact mechanism remains elusive. We
found that VMAT2 expression in beta-cells specifically increases under high
blood glucose conditions. The islets isolated from beta-cell specific Vmat2 knock-out (βVmat2KO) mice show elevated
insulin secretion levels in response to glucose stimulation. Under prolonged high-fat diet feedings, the βVmat2KO
mice exhibit impaired
glucose and insulin tolerance and progressive beta-cell dysfunction. We
demonstrate here that VMAT2 uptakes dopamine to protect it from degradation by
monoamine oxidase, thereby safeguarding beta-cells from excess reactive oxygen
species (ROS) exposure. When under high demand for insulin secretion, the
absence of VMAT2 leads to elevated ROS in beta-cells, which accelerates beta-cell
dedifferentiation and beta-cell loss. Therefore, VMAT2 controls the amount of
dopamine in beta-cells thereby protecting pancreatic beta-cells from excessive
oxidative stress.
Tinjauan Konstruksi Sosial Atas Nasionalisme Net Generation
Authors: Abrar Ana Nadhya
Published: August 2020

Net generation adalah generasi yang akrab dengan teknologi dan aktif menggunakannya. Generasi ini dipandang sebagai generasi yang diragukan rasa nasionalismenya. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menilai nasionalisme yang dianut oleh net generation. Pengambilan data dilakukan sebagai hasil studi evaluatif terhadap lima orang mahasiswa Fakultas Psikologi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, angkatan 2014 yang aktif mengakses internet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman mereka tentang nasionalisme berbeda dengan pemahaman yang ditularkan oleh para sejarawan. Mereka mencintai Indonesia dengan cara yang unik, terutama jika dibandingkan dengan ekspresi cinta tanah air yang ditunjukkan oleh generasi tua.
Analisis Semiotika Kritik Sosial dalam Balutan Humor pada Komik Faktap
Authors: Luthfi Alifia Hanifah
Published: August 2020

Komik Faktap merupakan komik strip yang mengangkat cerita mengenai isu sosial yang terjadi di masyarakat dan dikemas menggunakan cerita humor. Penelitian ini memakai metode analisis semiotika Roland Barthes dan menggunakan teori kritik sosial dan humor dalam media, serta bertujuan untuk mengetahui humor sebagai kritik sosial terhadap Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia (DPR RI). Komik yang menjadi objek penelitian terdiri atas enam episode yang terbagi menjadi dua kategori, yaitu: kritik terhadap anggota DPR RI dan kritik terhadap kebijakan DPR RI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa humor disampaikan dengan teknik allusion, satire, parodi kejadian, analogi, dan apologisme.
Rehabilitation of patients with cerebral palsy using hand exoskeleton controlled by brain-computer interface
Authors: Bobrov PD , Biryukova EV , Polyaev BA , Lajsheva OA , Usachjova EL , Sokolova AV , Mikhailova DI , Dement'eva KN , Fedotova IR
Published: August 2020

Cerebral palsy (CP) is one of the most severe central nervous system diseases in childhood associated with motor impairment. The study was aimed to assess the efficiency of the complex comprising brain-computer interface (BCI) and hand exoskeleton as an instrument for the motor function recovery in patients with CP complementing the essential therapy. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment scale, ARAT test and Jebsen–Taylor function test were used in 14 children and adolescents for the motor function improvement assessment after the therapy complemented by 7–10 BCI-exoskeleton based procedures. The EEG mu-rhythm sources properties during the motor imagery BCI control were studied. After the procedures completion, the significant improvement of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment scale score (7 (2; 11) for hand active movements; 4.5 (1; 6) for proximal arm and 2.5 (0; 5) for hand), ARAT test score (7.5 (1; 31) for total score, 1.5 (0; 12) for grasp movement and 1.5 (0; 8) for grip movement), as well as significantly different from the zero execution time reduction in three out of seven Jabsen–Taylor function test items (–1 (–4.13; 0.25) for simulated feeding; –1 (–2; 0) for moving light and heavy cans) were identified. The average BCI detection level was 0.51 (0.45; 0.54) (max = 0.70). In most EEG recordings the mu-rhythm sources were detected, both for intact and affected hemispheres. The mu-rhythm desynchronization associated with motor imagery was observed, significantly affecting the BCI accuracy. The results obtained indicate that the use of BCI-exoskeleton complex effectively complements the standard rehabilitation methods for children with CP, and suggest that its clinical effectiveness in individuals with CP may be proven by enrollment of more patients.
Development of key competences of junior bachelors specialised in the Humanities within the person-oriented educational paradigm
Authors: Lіtіnska Olena
Published: August 2020

The article describes the peculiarities of implementation of the person-oriented paradigm at an establishment of higher education. It has been established that the person-oriented teaching is based on such an organization of the interaction between the subjects of the teaching / learning process, when the maximum possible conditions for the development of this process participants’ abilities of self-education, self-determination, independence and self-realization in the sphere of professional activity are created.
The purpose of the article is to characterize the person-oriented educational paradigm as a major component of the development of the key competences of junior bachelors specialised in the Humanities. The objectives of the study are as follows: to clarify the content of the concepts “person-oriented teaching”, “person-oriented approach"; to formulate conceptual features of the person-oriented education at an establishment of higher education under modern conditions; to specify the content of the process of the development of the key competences of junior bachelors specialised in the Humanities through the prism of the person-oriented approach.
To achieve the aim of the study and to solve the designated issues, to check the starting points in the research, a set of methods of theoretical and empirical nature is used: analysis of scientific literature on the research topic; data collection and diagnostics; comparative and prognostic methods.
It is summarized that the person-oriented approach is a methodological position in the pedagogical sphere which relies on a system of interconnected concepts and ideas, forms and methods, and allows providing the processes of person’s self-discovery, self-improvement and self-realization, as well as the development of his / her uniqueness and individuality. When using this approach at a higher education institution, the tertiary teacher focuses on the student's personality, making major efforts for his / her development. Thus, according to the new educational paradigm, the education results are not knowledge, skills or abilities. The main education results are competences. The development of competences is now taking place in the context of each student's orientation towards creating his or her own individual educational trajectory. It is summarized that the individual educational trajectory of junior bachelors specialised in the Humanities is a person’s individual way of self-realization in the process of learning, which is manifested in conscious decision-making and choosing the best variants of acting.
El tiempo del arte. Genitivo objetivo y subjetivo
Authors: Castro Sixto J.
Published: August 2020

Hay diversas formas de analizar la temporalidad de la obra de arte. En este artículo presentamos diversos modos posibles de comprender el elemento temporal de las obras de arte. Por un lado, el tiempo es un marco exterior a las obras, que posibilita ordenarlas, medirlas, etcétera. Por otro el tiempo es una realidad generada por las obras mismas, que no se da sin ellas. Además, las obras de arte tienen un papel importante en la elaboración de cronosofías y en la fundación de una temporalidad histórica determinada.
¿Cómo lo hicieron? Rasgos comunes en la construcción de imágenes ficcionales en el arte
Authors: Belinche Daniel , Mansilla Pons Ramiro , Schwindt Juliana , Weingart Sabrina
Published: August 2020

Este artículo describe algunos lineamientos del trabajo áulico llevado a cabo en el seminario «¿Cómo lo hicieron? Rasgos comunes en la construcción de imágenes ficcionales en el arte», perteneciente al Departamento de Estudios Históricos y Sociales de la Facultad de Artes (FDA) de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), destinado a estudiantes de todas las disciplinas artísticas, donde se articula una metodología analítica que, sobre la base de contenidos específicos del arte, privilegia el estudio en torno a la forma, los procedimientos, las operaciones, los recursos y las técnicas desarrolladas en las obras, observando especialmente aquellos tópicos que resultan comunes a las distintas disciplinas. A modo de ejemplo, se incluyen algunos análisis de obras en las que el tiempo resulta un componente destacable.
Uma proposta interdisciplinar entre Literatura, Linguística e Ensino
Authors: Silva Lilian Barros de Abreu
Published: August 2020

Esta resenha apresenta discussões desenvolvidas no evento Abralin ao Vivo, durante a conferência Literatura, Linguística e Ensino, proferida pela professora Marisa Lajolo. Ela articulou dados recentes do PISA sobre os níveis de leitura no país com textos midiáticos que mostram valores sociais do século XIX para mostrar que os problemas nesse âmbito não são recentes. Além disso, a professora fez reflexões importantes sobre as práticas atuais de leitura, o que se ensina nos cursos de Letras e o que se aprende nas aulas de linguagens do ensino básico para, por fim, apresentar sua proposta interdisciplinar. Desse modo, a integração entre as pesquisas em estudos linguísticos e literários e a prática docente pode contribuir para um saber efetivo e crítico.
El Derecho Soporte de la Bioética para Garantizar la Salud en Colombia
Authors: Jiménez-Bacca Lina Marcela
Published: August 2020

Al momento de unificar la bioética, la salud y el derecho, se conforma una triada para la vida digna, desde el proceso socio jurídico que conllevaría al respeto de los derechos fundamentales e inalienables de los ciudadanos que accedan a la prestación de servicios de salud en las EPS (como la entidad que aprueba o recha un servicio de salud), IPS y clínicas en Colombia. El propósito principal es analizar cómo es necesaria la intervención jurídica en la práctica ética para garantizar los derechos a la salud, a partir del planteamiento de doctrinas que permitan el abordaje de los lineamientos médicos y jurídicos que orienten de la mejor manera a la toma de decisiones desde los conceptos del derecho, la ética, la vida humana y su relación con la prestación de los servicios asistenciales de la salud en Colombia.
Estado Actual de las Políticas Públicas a Favor de las Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas en Cartagena y Estrategias Aplicables al Plan de Desarrollo Distrital 2020 – 2023
Authors: Guzmán-Vega Yeison Manuel , Ramos-de-Ávila Natalia
Published: August 2020

En la presente investigación se analizaron cuáles fueron las acciones implementadas por el Distrito de Cartagena para incrementar la cultura del emprendimiento en el plan de desarrollo (2016-2019); de esta manera, se logró identificar los errores cometidos en las políticas públicas establecidas en ese lapso y así mismo, aquellas propuestas tendientes a incrementar la creación de empresas ejecutadas de forma exitosa por algunas ciudades o países, obtenteniendo al final las estrategias pertinentes y eficaces para fomentar el emprendimiento formal en el plan de desarrollo (2020-2023).
Análisis de Colisión de Principios y Confianza Legítima Frente al Derecho Público
Authors: Rodríguez-Lara Iván , Tamayo-Álvarez Luisa , Valencia-Peluf Kathy
Published: August 2020

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo explicarlos lineamientos jurisprudenciales entorno a lacolisión de los principios de confianza legítima yespacio público, asumiendo como el espaciopúblico es excluyente con el principio de confianzalegítima, partir de los análisis desarrolladas por laCorte Constitucional Colombiana, por otro parte seabordará el estudio de la Teoría de los Principiospropuesta por Robert Alexis y como los juecesconstitucionales en sus jurisprudencias aplicaronla ponderación de principios para resolver esacolisión que se presenta entre estos dos principiosconsagrados en nuestra Carta Política; la revisiónde ordenamiento jurídico de menor rango(Códigos, Leyes Colombianas).
Change in spectrum of hand injuries during COVID-19 lockdown period: Increase in mixer grinder and domestic violence related injuries in lieu of trauma sustained in outdoor activities
Authors: Gupta Rajat , Gupta Richie
Published: August 2020

Objectives:

There has been a rapid increase in respiratory infections due to COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, a novel coronavirus, which is believed to have originated from Wuhan in China. The disease has taken a form of pandemic and is now present in all countries across the globe with nearly 5.4 million infections and 344,000 fatalities till date. In late March, the Indian government initiated a lockdown, which confined nearly 1.3 billion people, around one-sixth of humanity to home, in an effort to decrease the community transmission of COVID-19 disease and flatten the curve so that Indian health care is able to deal with a manageable number of cases. This lockdown, which started on March 25, 2020, has now been extended to May 17, 2020, a duration of 54 days, with further planned extension to May 31. During this lockdown, the authors noted an increase in the number of mixer grinder injuries and a change in the demography of suicidal attempts due to frustration resulting in injuries to upper limb. The authors have studied this phenomenon and compared the data with cases from previous year.

Material and Methods:

The case records of all patients coming to the emergency department and department of plastic surgery in the period of March 25, 2020, to May 17, 2020 (54 days), with injuries of upper limb were analyzed and data compared with data from 2019. The demography and mode of injuries were studied.

Results:

There was an unusual increase in hand injuries due to mixer grinder in kitchen, 32 cases in 54 days (17.78/month) compared to 28 cases in 12 months in 2019 (2.34/month) with P < 0.001. There was also an increase in number of intended self-inflicted injuries in upper limb, as a result of psychological effects of rage and frustration with spouse due to long periods of confinement at home (3.89/month during lockdown period compared to 0.58 during 2019, P < 0.005) with change in demography compared to previous year. There was a decrease in upper limb injuries due to road traffic accidents, industrial accidents, assaults, sports, school, and work-related injuries, during the lockdown period, and this was along the expected lines.

Conclusion:

The period of lockdown initiated in India, to slow the community transmission of COVID-19 caused long periods of confinement together at home for families and forced the young adults to carry out some unaccustomed work, which resulted in a spike in mixer grinder injuries of hand. It also led to some rage and frustration, especially with spouses with a spike in suicidal attempt upper limb injuries.
Usefulness of YouTube™ videos in training patients for blood glucose self-monitoring in current coronavirus disease-19 pandemic
Authors: Mondal Himel , Mondal Shaikat
Published: August 2020

Objectives:

During the coronavirus disease-19 pandemic, due to restricted health-care access, patients may not get hands-on training for self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) from physicians. YouTube™ is a popular video-sharing web platform that can be used as a source of information for SMBG. This study aimed to assess the usefulness of YouTube™ videos on SMBG.

Material and Methods:

We searched the keywords “blood glucose self-monitoring,” “home blood glucose monitoring,” “blood glucose test,” and “blood sugar test” on YouTube™. The first 40 videos of each search were listed. After the two-stage screening, 49 videos were included for final data analysis. General characteristics and SMBG-specific characteristics (namely, strip handling, lancing device handling, measurement, and post- measurement action) were observed with pre-defined criteria having “yes” and “no” closed option. Data were tested statistically by the binomial test.

Results:

Average duration of 49 videos was 244.20 ± 72.61 s and those were online since 35.14 ± 20.52 months on YouTube™. Information about strip handling was mostly deficient, major being checking the expiry date (16.33% videos had the information). The handling of the lancing device was correct in the majority of the videos except for the disinfection of the tip of the lancing device (6.12% videos had the information). The measurement procedure was also correct in the majority of the videos except for the instruction to dry the hands (38.78% videos had the information) after washing. The post-measurement logbook entry was found in 48.98% videos.

Conclusion:

YouTube™ videos can be used as a potential source of information for patients’ education for SMBG. However, there are various levels of the incompleteness of the tutorials. Primary care physicians may suggest YouTube™ videos after exploring the videos and selecting the most appropriate one for their patients.
Lewis Base Promoted Delayed Copper Catalysis: Borylative α-C-H Allylation of Alicyclic Amines
Authors: Pérez-Saavedra Borja , Velasco-Rubio Álvaro , Saá Carlos , Fañanás-Mastral Martín
Published: August 2020

Functionalized alicyclic amines are important building blocks for the synthesis of bioactive natural compounds and drugs. Existing methods of functionalization are typically limited to the synthesis of protected amines or the use of highly basic organometallic reagents that can compromise functional group tolerance. Here, we report a novel approach for the synthesis of α-functionalized cyclic secondary amines. The method employs a copper/bisphosphine catalyst which promotes a regio-, stereo- and chemoselective coupling between allenes, bis(pinacolato)diboron and O-benzoyl hydroxylamines that involves trapping of an in-situ generated alicyclic imine by a catalytic boron-substituted allylcopper intermediate. Successful implementation requires that competing reaction between the allylcopper complex and hydroxylamine is suppressed while imine is formed. This challenge was met by using a catalytic amount of Lewis base additive which delays the catalyst function towards C-N coupling thus enabling selective C-C coupling.
Melanesian tok stori in leadership development: Ontological and relational implications for donor-funded programmes in the Western Pacific
Authors: Sanga Kabini , Reynolds Martyn
Published: August 2020

© 2018, Flinders University. Donor-funded programmes in areas such as leadership development take place in every continent. In the Western Pacific, Melanesia has been host to such programmes based on non-Melanesian thought and practice over the years. However, a review of donor-funded leadership programmes in the region reveals a history of concern regarding effectiveness but no significant change in programme orientation. This article provides a counter-story of a donor-funded leadership programme which utilizes a readily available cultural model of thought and practice of Indigenous origin: tok stori. Tok stori is a form of discursive group communication which is an everyday occurrence in Melanesia. The experiences of leadership mentors operating in a tok stori-centred leadership development programme located in the Solomon Islands provide an opportunity to explore and evaluate what cultural wisdom can contribute as the core of a leadership development programme. The benefits are many: leaders benefit when complex contextual matters can be introduced into leadership development by the openness of tok stori; depth of engagement is supported by the development of mentor-leader relationality as an integral part of the tok stori process; and mentors gain increased expertise in using a cultural form with which they are already familiar in new pedagogical contexts. Ultimately, this is a story of the value of honouring important aspects of culture for those who inhabit the ontology which gives them significance. Re-negotiating the way the cultures of donors and recipients are regarded by programme developers is an important factor in the centring of Indigenous thinking and practices such as tok stori in leadership and other person-centred programmes. The lesson of this article is that there are gains available to all where this occurs.