bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Serum Lp-PLA2 Level Predicting Coronary Artery Lesions in Children with Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Zhang Xiong , Ya-Wang Shao  , Ya-Lan Zhang  , Yi Liu
Published: July 2021

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is an inflammatory disease associated with coronary vasculitis in children. In this study, we explored the correlation between Lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) and coronary artery lesions (CAL) in children with KD.
Methods: Ninety-three children with KD were divided into a normal coronary artery (NCA, 54 cases) group and coronary artery lesions (CAL, 39 cases) group, according to the results of echocardiography. Another 42 healthy children were selected as the control group. The serumal levels of Lp-PLA2, Interferon-γ(IFN-γ) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) were determined by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level were analyzed. The left main coronary artery (LMCA), diameters of left anterior descending coronary artery (LADC), right proximal coronary artery (PRCA), and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) were obtained by color Doppler ultrasound. The correlation between the above indexes and KD was analyzed.
Results: The levels of white blood cell counts (WBC), ESR, CRP, IFN-γ, IL-6 and Lp-PLA2 as well as IMT were significantly increased in KD children (P < 0.05), and the levels of CRP, IFN-γ, IL-6 and Lp-PLA2 as well as IMT in the CAL group increased more significantly (P < 0.05). An increasing trend also has been described in the diameters of LMCA, LADC and PRCA for KD children with CAL compared with with NCA. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the elevated levels of CRP, IFN-γ, IL-6 and Lp-PLA2 were independent risk factors for KD with CAL. Correlation analysis showed that Lp-PLA2 level was positively correlated with the levels of IFN-γ, IL-6 and CRP in CAL group and NCA group (respectively, all P < 0.01). In addition, a similar correlation was also described between Lp-PLA2 level and the diameters of LMCA, LADC and PRCA in CAL group (respectively, all P < 0.01).
Conclusion: Lp-PLA2 may participate in the pathological mechanism of KD. Detection of the serum Lp-PLA2 level can be used in the diagnosis of KD disease and the assessment of coronary artery lesions in KD children.
A New Current to The Armamentarium: Is the CHA2DS2-Vasc-HS Score Predictive of Low Left Internal Mammary Artery (LIMA) Flow in Patients Underwent Coronary Bypass Surgery?
Authors: SOYLEMEZ Nihat , BALLI Mehmet , KÖKSAL Fatma , YILMAZ Mahmut , ERTURK SAG Fazilet , ERTURK TEKIN Esra , YESILTAS Mehmet Ali , VEZIR Özden , AYDINLI Bahar , OZKAN Bugra
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Left internal mammary artery (LIMA) grafts should be used in patients undergoing CABG. No other procedure results in patency equivalent to that of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD)–LIMA bypass graft. The CHA2DS2-Vasc-HS scoring system can be used to successfully predict CAD severity in stable CAD patients. We aimed to investigate the relationship between LIMA flow and the CHA2DS2-Vasc-HS score.
Methods: A total of 684 patients, who underwent CABG surgery, were included in this study. Previous history of bypass surgery, emergency operations, patients with Leriche syndrome and patients with severe obstructive pulmonary and subclavian artery disease were excluded from our study. Patients with a LIMA flow that was suitable for bypass grafting, as determined during the intraoperative evaluation, were included in the low LIMA flow group, and the CHA2DS2-Vasc-HS score was calculated for all patients.
Results: Patients in the low LIMA flow group (Group 1) were older. The CHA2DS2-Vasc-HS score (P < 0.001), presence of mild or moderate COPD (P = 0.022), number of severely diseased vessels (P = 0.036), and BMI (P < 0.001) were independent predictors of poor LIMA flow. The cutoff value of the CHA2DS2-VASc-HS score for the prediction of poor LIMA flow was >5.5, with a sensitivity of 92.9% and specificity of 83.4% (AUC: 0.938, 95% Cl: 0.906 – 0.970, P < 0.001).
Conclusion: A preoperative high CHA2DS2-Vasc-HS score can be used to predict low intraoperative LIMA flow. The CHA2DS2-Vasc-HS score is an easy-to-use and reliable estimation method and can be used as an additional preoperative of LIMA flow in patients undergoing CABG due to severe CAD.
Concomitant Transapical Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement and Transapical Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty to Treat Severe Aortic Stenosis with Severe Mitral Stenosis
Authors: Peijian  , Liu Jian , Guo Huiming
Published: July 2021

This paper reports concomitant transapical transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TA-TAVR) and transapical balloon mitral valvuloplasty (TA-BMV) for the first time. A 72-year-old man with a diagnosis of rheumatic severe aortic stenosis with mild insufficiency and rheumatic severe mitral stenosis with mild insufficiency was referred to the Department of Cardiac Surgery of Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital. After the interdisciplinary discussion in the heart team (cardiac surgeon, cardiologist, anesthesiologist and image specialist), we decided to perform concomitant TAVR and BMV through one transapical approach considering the patient’s preference, NYHA class IV heart failure, and the calculated perioperative risk (Euroscore II 3.74%, STS score for the combined mitral and aortic procedure is not available). No intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed.
The Importance of Prognostic Nutritional Index in Predicting Acute Renal Failure After On-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Operations in Patients with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: GUCU Arif , Ozluk Ozlem Arıcan , Guvenc Orhan , Sunbul Sadık AHmet , Engin Mesut
Published: July 2021

Background: After coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) operations, acute kidney injury (AKI) appears at 5-30% rates, and this rate increases even more in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is known as a valuable parameter that affects cardiovascular surgery outcomes. In this current study, we aimed to investigate the importance of PNI value in predicting AKI after on-pump CABG operations in insulin-dependent diabetic patients.
Methods: A total of 254 consecutive patients with insulin-dependent diabetes who underwent on-pump CABG in our clinic between January 2016 and January 2020 retrospectively were included in this study. In the postoperative period, patients were registered as the renal failure group (Group 1), and those who did not develop renal failure were registered as Group 2.
Results: A total of 255 patients with DM were included in the study. There were 82 patients in Group 1 and 173 patients in Group 2. There was no difference between the groups, in terms of age, gender, smoking, and hyperlipidemia rates. Hypertension rate significantly was higher in Group 2 (P = .001). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, hypertension (OR: 1.226, 95% CI: 1.114-2.459, P = .026), need for inotropic support (OR: 1.128, 95% CI: 1.070-1.784, P = .033), increased blood product use (OR: 1.291, 95% CI: 1.112-2.156, P = .021) preoperative high creatinine (OR: 3.563, 95% CI: 2.497-5.559, P < .001), and PNI (OR: 1.327, 95% CI: 1.118-2.785, P = .012) were independent predictors of AKI.
Conclusion: In our study, we determined PNI value as an independent predictor in predicting acute renal injury occurring after on-pump CABG operations in patients with insulin-dependent DM.
Thoracoscopic Lung Cancer Resection with Simultaneous Heart Valve Procedure
Authors: Wei Shixiong , Ming Shen , Gang Liu
Published: July 2021

Comorbidity of primary lung cancer and heart valve disease, both requiring surgical therapy, characterizes a high-risk group of patients necessitating prompt diagnosis and treatment. Recently, the rate of minimal invasive approach for patients who were not indicated for conventional thoracotomy surgery due to their high-risk status with the procedure has increased as treatment for heart valve disease. We herein report four patients of lung cancer resection with simultaneous valve procedure though thoracoscopic technique [Bablekos 2016].
Financial institutions and financial control
Authors:   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Khmelkov Andrii
Published: July 2021

The article points out that the institution of financial control has clearly defined limits of application in society, while the scope of its direct application is the formation, distribution and use of public finances. The author shows that the institution of control has a binary nature, whose consideration allows to distinguish between its formal and informal content and to find ways to improve the efficiency of its use. The informal content of the institution of control is related to the financial morality of society and its members, and the formal one — to the competence or practice of agents of the institution of control as its structural elements for the benefit of society in the form of financial gain. It is proved that the public utility of the institution of control is determined by the financial and institutional benefits of its operation. Based on the calculations, it is shown that the institution of control is in a state of dysfunction. The author proposed various ways to overcome the established dysfunction, in particular, are proposed – giving the institute control over the powers to prevent financial violations and to effect full compensation.
Childhood-Onset Sjögren Syndrome Presenting as Pulmonary Hemorrhage
Authors: Wang Christine , Simpkin Charles , Vielkind Monica , Galambos Csaba , Lin Clara , Liptzin Deborah R. , Curran Megan L.
Published: July 2021

Primary Sjögren syndrome is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of the salivary and lacrimal exocrine glands but can also present with systemic extraglandular manifestations, including pulmonary disease. Commonly described pulmonary manifestations of Sjögren syndrome include airway disease, interstitial lung disease, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and lymphoproliferative disorders. However, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage as a sequela of Sjögren syndrome has rarely been described in the adult literature and has never been described in a child. Here we report the case of an 11-year-old girl who presented with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and was diagnosed with childhood-onset Sjögren syndrome who otherwise lacked typical clinical features, such as sicca symptoms, at the time of presentation. She was successfully treated with corticosteroids and rituximab, with sustained pulmonary remission 1 year post diagnosis. Our case highlights the heterogenous presentation of Sjögren syndrome in the pediatric population and the need for increased awareness among pediatric providers to recognize potential systemic manifestations of this disease to avoid delayed diagnosis.
Community SARS-CoV-2 Surge and Within-School Transmission
Authors: Zimmerman Kanecia O. , Brookhart M. Alan , Kalu Ibukunoluwa C. , Boutzoukas Angelique E. , McGann Kathleen A. , Smith Michael J. , Maradiaga Panayotti Gabriela M. , Armstrong Sarah C. , Weber David J. , Moorthy Ganga S. , Benjamin Daniel K.
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVES

When the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic began, experts raised concerns about in-person instruction in the setting of high levels of community transmission. We describe secondary transmission of SARS-CoV-2 within North Carolina kindergarten through 12th-grade school districts during a winter surge to determine if mitigation strategies can hinder within-school transmission.

METHODS

From October 26, 2020, to February 28, 2021, 13 North Carolina school districts participating in The ABC Science Collaborative were open for in-person instruction, adhered to basic mitigation strategies, and tracked community- and school-acquired SARS-CoV-2 cases. Public health officials adjudicated each case. We combined these data with that from August 2020 to evaluate the effect of the SARS-CoV-2 winter surge on infection rates as well as weekly community- and school-acquired cases. We evaluated the number of secondary cases generated by each primary case as well as the role of athletic activities in school-acquired cases.

RESULTS

More than 100 000 students and staff from 13 school districts attended school in person; of these, 4969 community-acquired SARS-CoV-2 infections were documented by molecular testing. Through contact tracing, North Carolina local health department staff identified an additional 209 infections among >26 000 school close contacts (secondary attack rate <1%). Most within-school transmissions in high schools (75%) were linked to school-sponsored sports. School-acquired cases slightly increased during the surge; however, within-school transmission rates remained constant, from presurge to surge, with ∼1 school-acquired case for every 20 primary cases.

CONCLUSIONS

With adherence to basic mitigation strategies, within-school transmission of SARS-CoV-2 can be interrupted, even during a surge of community infections.
Mujeres, cuestión social y subsidio familiar en Colombia: un escenario clave en la producción del orden de género durante las décadas de 1950 y 1960
Authors: López-Oseira Ruth
Published: July 2021

en la década de 1950, la crisis económica y los conflictos sociales llevaron a implantar en Colombia el subsidio familiar. La historia de las mujeres y la crítica feminista de la economía política han subrayado que las representaciones de género subyacentes a políticas sociales como el salario familiar contribuyeron a apuntalar el orden patriarcal. También han restituido al registro histórico propuestas alternativas como el salario de madres, mediante las que las organizaciones feministas procuraron emancipar a las mujeres y llevaron a la agenda pública la importancia del papel de estas en la reproducción social. La práctica de pagar el subsidio familiar a las madres de familias trabajadoras en lugar de a los trabajadores —adoptada también en Colombia— representa una posición intermedia entre el patriarcalismo rampante y la alternativa feminista. Para entender cómo las representaciones culturales sobre el género llegaron a dominar momentáneamente el debate sobre el subsidio familiar en Colombia se analizan las relaciones entre los gerentes de las Cajas de Compensación Familiar, las asistentes sociales que las administraban y las mujeres y hombres beneficiarios.
Carolina Vanegas. Disputas monumentales. Escultura y política en el Centenario de la Independencia (Bogotá, 1910)
Authors: Vargas-Álvarez Sebastián
Published: July 2021

Reseña del número 41 Carolina Vanegas. Disputas monumentales. Escultura y política en el Centenario de la Independencia (Bogotá, 1910). Bogotá: Instituto Distrital de Patrimonio Cultural, 2019. 271 pp.
Desabastecimiento hídrico en el sistema de ciudades de Colombia: ordenamiento ambiental y territorial en el Área Hidrográfica Magdalena-Cauca
Authors: Peralta Mahecha Gustavo , Alarcón García Sharon Johana , Garzón Camacho Juan Carlos , Neuta Niño Diego Fernando , Rodríguez Arregocés Nubia Xiomara
Published: July 2021

El artículo describe el problema de desabastecimiento hídrico en el sistema de ciudades localizado en las zonas más susceptibles del Área Hidrográfica Magdalena-Cauca (AHMC). Tal problema es tratado desde la perspectiva conceptual de los servicios ecosistémicos hídricos, el ciclo hidrológico y el ciclo de uso del agua, en relación con el desabastecimiento hídrico y el ordenamiento ambiental, de un lado, y el uso del agua para consumo humano y el ordenamiento territorial, de otro lado. A partir de información proveniente exclusivamente de fuentes secundarias, se describen los servicios ecosistémicos hídricos, el desabastecimiento hídrico y el uso del agua en el sistema de ciudades localizado en el ahmc. También se analiza el ordenamiento ambiental en el AHMC, enfatizando en el Plan de Ordenación y Manejo de Cuencas Hidrográficas (Pomca) como instrumento básico de ordenamiento ambiental y su relación determinante con el Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial (POT), como instrumento básico de ordenamiento territorial, que, recíprocamente, coadyuva a la conservación y preservación de los servicios ecosistémicos hídricos en el sistema de ciudades del AHMC.
CORPORATE OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE AND FIRM VALUE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE OF JSE-LISTED FIRMS, SOUTH AFRICA
Authors:   University of KwaZulu Natal, South Africa, Sunday Adeyanju Adebiyi , Kwenda Farai ,   University of KwaZulu Natal, South Africa
Published: July 2021

This paper examines the relationship between corporate ownership structure and firm value of JSE-listed firms in the phase of the Black Economic Empowerment program in South Africa. Since the end of the apartheid era, corporate governance practices have evolved and the enactment of the BBE Act has altered ownership and control in the South African corporate sector. Using data from 187 firms between 2004 and 2016, we observed that ownership concentration measured by five large shareholders and foreign ownership has a negative impact on firm value proxied with Tobin’s Q and return on assets, while domestic share ownership has a positive relationship with corporate performance. Contrary to the agency theory notion on the role of large shareholders in minimizing losses that arise from the separation of ownership and control and significant foreign investors corporate governance practices in the host countries, the results obtained in this study suggest that local shareholders in the host capital market are important in strengthening corporate governance practices and improve corporate performance. This study contributes to the ownership-firm value relationship literature by offering new evidence on the impact of ownership concentration, foreign ownership, and domestic ownership in an emerging market undergoing transformation through programs addressing its historical inequalities.
Ensayo controlado aleatorizado de un programa multicomponente para cuidadores informales de pacientes con Alzheimer
Authors: Cerquera Córdoba Ara Mercedes , Tiga Loza Diana Carolina , Álvarez Anaya William Armando , Dugarte Peña Edwin , Jaimes Espíndola Lisseth Rocío , Plata Osma Leidy Johanna
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia del programa multicomponente más respiro en la sobrecarga y el apoyo social de cuidadores informales de pacientes con Trastorno Neurocognitivo Mayor tipo Alzheimer. Materiales y Método: Ensayo controlado aleatorizado en paralelo en 58 cuidadores aleatorizados a uno de los tres grupos de comparación: Grupo de intervención multicomponente más respiro (n=19), grupo de sólo respiro (n=19) y grupo control (n=20), se evaluaron la sobrecarga y el apoyo social mediante las escalas de Zarit y Medical Outcomes Study, en línea de base, post intervención a 5 meses y un seguimiento a 10 meses. La evaluación del efecto se realizó mediante un modelo de efectos mixtos de covarianza no estructurada. Resultados: Los cuidadores fueron en su mayoría los hijos de los pacientes (72%), mujeres (76%) con una edad media de 55.1(12) años y con educación inferior a secundaria (58%). Se encontró una reducción significativa de la sobrecarga de 13.1 (IC95% -19.3:6.9) puntos en el grupo multicomponente más respiro, con un sostenimiento del efecto a 10 meses (p<0.001). Se encontró un incremento, aunque no significativa del apoyo social post intervención de 10.8 (-1,7; 23,4) para el grupo multicomponente y respiro, sin embargo, el efecto se incrementó en el tiempo logrando un aumento a 13,2 puntos (p=0.039) a los 10 meses de seguimiento. No se observó un efecto significativo en la sobrecarga ni apoyo social para el grupo que solo recibió respiro. Conclusiones: El programa multicomponente más respiro mostró tener un efecto benéfico en la sobrecarga y apoyo social de cuidadores de Alzheimer. Como citar este artículo: Cerquera Córdoba Ara Mercedes, Tiga Loza Diana Carolina, Álvarez Anaya William Armando, Dugarte Peña Edwin, Jaimes Espíndola Lisseth Rocío, Plata Osma Leidy Johanna. Ensayo controlado aleatorizado de un programa multicomponente para cuidadores informales de pacientes con Alzheimer. Revista Cuidarte. 2021;12(2):e2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2002
Guías de práctica clínica para el tratamiento de la enfermedad por Covid-19 en Brasil: revisión sistemática
Authors: Lanes Taís Carpes , Ribeiro Mariane Albuquerque Lima , Oliveira Daianny Seoni de , Junior Marcos Gabriel do Nascimento , Garcia Filipe  Reis , Melo Jéssyca Maria França de Oliveira , Tiguman Gustavo Magno Baldin
Published: July 2021

Introducción: La enfermedad por coronavirus (Covid-19) es una patología infecciosa que afecta al sistema respiratorio, la cual se originó en China y se extendió rápidamente por todo el mundo. Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad metodológica y la transparencia de las guías de práctica clínica brasileñas para el tratamiento de la enfermedad por coronavirus (Covid-19). Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática en 2020 en las bases de datos Medline (vía PubMed), Embase, Scopus, LILACS, National Guideline Clearinghouse y Guidelines International Network, además de consultas en los sitios web del Ministerio de Salud de Brasil, Asociación Médicas Brasileña, Consejo Federal de Medicina, Consejo Federal de Enfermería y Consejo Federal de Fisioterapia. La evaluación de la calidad metodológica y la transparencia de las guías se realizó con el instrumento Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE), segunda versión realizada por cuatro autores. Resultados: Se encontraron 33 guías, de las que se incluyeron 14 en el análisis. Hubo una sola guía que obtuvo una puntuación superior al 60% en todos los dominios. Entre los seis dominios, se presentaron puntuaciones más altas en los siguientes tres dominios: alcance y objetivo, participación de las partes interesadas y claridad de la presentación. Discusión: A pesar de la fragilidad metodológica, los autores se interesaron por presentar las recomendaciones de forma clara y concisa a través de información clave y opciones terapéuticas que faciliten la toma de decisiones. Conclusión: Las guías de práctica clínica brasileñas mostraron tener una baja calidad metodológica, de las que solamente una guía fue recomendada y clasificada como de alta calidad y transparencia metodológica.
Como citar este artículo: Lanes, Taís Carpes; Ribeiro, Mariane Albuquerque Lima; Oliveira, Daianny Seoni de; Junior, Marcos Gabriel do Nascimento; Garcia, Filipe Reis; Melo, Jéssyca Maria França de Oliveira; Tiguman, Gustavo Magno Baldin. Diretrizes de prática clínica para o tratamento da Covid-19 no Brasil: uma revisão sistemática. Revista Cuidarte. 2021;12(2):e2025 http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2025
Assessment of technological gap and performance of management of common scab of potato
Authors: Balai Laxman Prasad , Sharma D.R. , Singh Navab , Meena S.M.
Published: July 2021

Common scab (Streptomyces scabies) disease of potato is becoming prominent in many potato-growing districts of Rajasthan resulting in economic losses, since a decade. The experiment was executed out to assess the technological gap and performance of management approaches. Potato tubers of cultivar Kufri Bahar was treated with 3.0 per cent boric acid before planting (spray) for the duration of time 30 min and evaluated against the pathogen. This experiment was conducted as on farm trials (OFT) at different villages likewise Phoospura, Naurangabad, Moosalpur, Saktpur and Sarkankhera in Dholpur district for two years (2017-18 to 2018-19). As a result of this experiment treated tuber plants registered the lowest disease incidence (10.6%) and disease control (75.05) as compared to existing farmer practices (FP). The adoption of demonstrated technology was improved potato production and plant protection measures. The OFT was effective in changing the attitude, skill and knowledge of plant protection approach. Potato yield also increased upto 10.37 per cent as compared to the existing FP. Results indicates that plant protection approach increased the net income by Rs. 80580/- ha over the existing FP. It is suggested to organize demonstrations at farmers field on technology assessed through OFT by agriculture department for minimizing the technological gap and increased yield of quality potato.
Variability in pathological characters in Gloeocercospora sorghi isolates from sorghum
Authors: Mamta  , Singh Y.
Published: July 2021

Zonate leaf spot caused by Gloeocercospora sorghi Bain and Edgerton (1943) is one of the most destructive diseases of sorghum in India and Uttarakhand is considered as a hot spot for this disease. The present investigation was carried out to record the pathogenic variability of thirty isolates of Gloeocercospora sorghi on five different lines of sorghum. The G. sorghi isolates differed significantly from each other on the basis of pathological attributes viz., latent period, aggressiveness and virulence index and thus, grouped into three virulence categories. The findings suggest that analysis of variance for latent, aggressiveness, per cent disease intensity (PDI) and virulence index showed that the variations in latent period and virulence disease reaction were attributed more to the isolates and aggressiveness to the host lines than to the isolate × host line interactions.
IDM practices for the management of foliar diseases of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
Authors: Mahalakshmi P.
Published: July 2021

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is the most ancient and important oilseed crop, with rich source of protein, high quality seed oil and many antioxidant properties is extensively grown in India. Occurrence of foliar diseases are Alternaria leaf spot and powdery mildew become a major constraint in recent years for successful and profitable cultivation of sesame. Field experiment was conducted on integrated disease management practices to combat foliar diseases and to increase the seed yield of sesame during two consecutive years (2015 and 2016) at Regional Research Station, Vridhachalam, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu. Integrated management of Alternaria leaf spot and powdery mildew of sesame were conducted with eight treatments. Among the different treatments tested in field condition, the minimum incidence of Alternaria leaf spot (15.14 % and 13.72%) with higher yield of 642 kg/ha and 657 kg/ha were recorded in seed treatment with T. viride @ 10 g/kg + furrow application of T. viride (2.5 kg/ha enriched in 100 kg of FYM) @ 250 kg/ha + foliar spray of myclobutanil @ 1 g/l during Kharif 2015 and 2016.The reduction of Alternaria leaf spot was also directly associated with an increase in seed yield. In case of powdery mildew, the minimum incidence 5.83 and 9.65 PDI with higher yield of 642 kg/ha and 657 kg/ha were recorded in Kharif - 2015 and 2016 with spray of myclobutanil 10% WP @ 1 g/l.
Management of purple blotch of onion caused by Alternaria porri by using some novel fungicides under field condition in western Odisha
Authors: Mandal Dipankar , Pal Rini , Mohanty Ashok Kumar
Published: July 2021

A field experiment was conducted at Regional Research and Technology Transfer Station, OUAT, Chiplima, Sambalpur, Odisha, India for the management of purple blotch of onion. From the experiment it was found that all the treatments were effective to reduce the severity of the disease as compared to untreated control. Among the treatments, seed treated with Carboxin 37.5%+Thiram 37.5%@ 2g/kg and three foliar sprays of Trifloxystrobin + Tebuconazole @0.4g/l of water at 10 days interval starting from initiation of the disease was most effective in reducing the purple blotch disease of onion (69.5% disease control) and was closely followed by seed treated with Carboxin 37.5%+Thiram 37.5% @ 2 g/kg and three foliar sprays of Tebuconazole @ 1.0ml/l of water (62.3% disease control). A maximum increase of yield (83.4%) with highest cost benefit ratio (1.97) was also achieved with the same treatment.
Saúde mental e a qualidade organizacional dos serviços de atenção primária no Brasil
Authors: Sanine Patricia Rodrigues , Silva Letícia Isabel Ferreira
Published: July 2021

Resumo: Objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade das práticas de atenção às pessoas com sofrimento relacionado à saúde mental nos serviços de atenção primária à saúde do Brasil e sua associação com variáveis de estrutura organizacional por meio de pesquisa avaliativa com dados do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB), coletados em 2018. Foram excluídas as equipes que informaram não realizar esse tipo de cuidado. A soma dos 13 indicadores de saúde mental selecionados gerou um escore que foi distribuído em três grupos de qualidade: G1 (0 a 5 pontos - menor qualidade), G2 (6 a 9 pontos - qualidade mediana) e G3 (10 a 13 pontos - maior qualidade), e seus resultados foram associados a nove variáveis de contexto organizacional favorecedoras à permanência das equipes nos respectivos grupos de qualidade. Foram avaliadas 36.384 equipes, localizadas em 5.026 municípios. O escore variou entre 1 e 13 pontos (G1 = 9,7%; G2 = 25,1% e G3 = 65,2%). Ter ambiente que propicie dispensação de medicamento e privacidade na consulta, existência de médico especialista, psicólogo e farmacêutico, apoio matricial pelo Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família (NASF) e Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS), além de reuniões de equipe semanal e/ou quinzenal, estiveram presentes em maior número entre as equipes que compuseram o grupo de maior qualidade (p < 0,001). Concluiu-se que condições estruturais relacionadas à infraestrutura e à disponibilidade de profissionais, assim como apoio matricial e espaços de reflexão para discutir a (re)organização dos processos de trabalho na atenção aos usuários com sofrimento relacionado à saúde mental são fatores que influenciam a qualidade da atenção, precisando ser considerados, especialmente, diante dos retrocessos políticos vivenciados.
Major threats and habitat use status of Demoiselle crane (Anthropoides virgo), in district Bannu, Pakistan
Authors: Rehman J. U. , Alam S. , Khalil S. , Hussain M. , Iqbal M. , Khan K. A. , Sabir M. , Akhtar A. , Raza G. , Hussain A. , Habiba U.
Published: July 2021

Abstract Cranes are the large and attractive Creatures of nature with long necks, legs, and life-span. Adults of both sexes are the same with similar color patterns. Demoiselle cranes spend most of their lifespan on dry grasses. They are also found around the stream, rivers, shallow lakes, natural wetlands, and depressions. To evaluate the current status of habitat use and major threats a study was conducted in tehsil Domel district Bannu. Line transect method and water quality tests (temperature, PH, contamination of E-coli bacteria) were used. To determine the major threats questionnaire method was used. The whole data was analyzed by using SPSS 21 version. Based on the distribution four study sites were selected and four water samples from each study site were taken. Most sites were moderate to highly degraded except Kashoo and kurram river mixing point which was low degraded with livestock grazing and human activities. Water quality tests showed PH ranges from 7-9, temperature 6.5-8.5, and contamination of E-coli in all samples. The social survey revealed that hunting, habitat degradation, and pollution as major threats. Effective long-term conservation and management in the study area are needed to focus on the protection of disturbance-free habitat.
Sentidos e significados atribuídos por homens ao vivido na pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Sousa Anderson Reis de , Queiroz Aline Macêdo , Florêncio Raíssa Millena Silva , Alves Gilson Vieira , Pedreira Larissa Chaves , Teixeira Elizabeth
Published: July 2021

RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender os sentidos e significados atribuídos por homens ao período vivido na pandemia da Covid-19. Método: Estudo qualitativo estruturado nos conceitos da fenomenologia, embasada na interpretação ôntica heideggeriana, realizado com 400 homens residentes no Brasil. A produção de dados foi por meio de um formulário disponibilizado online. As respostas foram processadas no software NVIVO12 e analisadas segundo o discurso do sujeito coletivo. Resultados: Emergiram duas unidades de significados analíticos acomodados em discursos-sínteses, sustentadas por ideias centrais, ordenadas em cinco subunidades que representam a coletividade do fenômeno investigado, quais sejam: Ser e estar no mundo no contexto da pandemia vivenciando suas possibilidades e O vigor de ter sido e a atualidade se apresentam como possibilidades de um novo “porvir” para além da pandemia. Conclusão: Os sentidos e significados revelaram um estar no contexto da pandemia a partir deles próprios com modificações da rotina, dos sentimentos e do abrir-se à novas possibilidades e transformações, o que gerou impactos psicossociais e estratégias de enfrentamento e cuidado no período do processo pandêmico. Como implicações, há que se ter uma nova compreensão do ser-homem, pois demonstrou precisar de cuidado, o qual está para além do físico.
Enhancing sustainability through structural concrete system selection
Authors: Szoke Stephen S , Nahlawi Khaled , Casilio James
Published: July 2021

The primary advancements related to improving the sustainability of concrete continue to focus on the reduction of carbon dioxide associated with the ingredients. The second most significant efforts are focused on the durability and longevity of concrete. While efforts in all these areas are very important, there are other ways to further improve the sustainability of the built environment with concrete, some having more significant long-term environmental benefits than further reductions of carbon dioxide of materials used to produce concrete. These benefits are often overlooked without proper consideration of available concrete systems. Proper consideration requires integrating the concrete system that economically satisfies the overall project requirements at the beginning of the design process. The discussion and examples provide information for designers and owners to consider the sustainability benefits of appropriate concrete system selection and consideration of the multi-attributes of concrete. This information is presented to encourage designers and owners to select concrete systems that minimise negative environmental impacts and improve the understanding of concrete construction compared with construction using other systems.
Acquired Decline in Ultrafiltration in Peritoneal Dialysis: The Role of Glucose
Authors: Krediet Raymond T.
Published: July 2021

Ultrafiltration is essential in peritoneal dialysis (PD) for maintenance of euvolemia, making ultrafiltration insufficiency—preferably called ultrafiltration failure—an important complication. The mechanisms of ultrafiltration and ultrafiltration failure are more complex than generally assumed, especially after long-term treatment. Initially, ultrafiltration failure is mainly explained by a large number of perfused peritoneal microvessels, leading to a rapid decline of the crystalloid osmotic gradient, thereby decreasing aquaporin-mediated free water transport. The contribution of peritoneal interstitial tissue to ultrafiltration failure is limited during the first few years of PD, but becomes more important in long-term PD due to the development of interstitial fibrosis, which mainly consists of myofibroblasts. A dual hypothesis has been developed to explain why the continuous exposure of peritoneal tissues to the extremely high dialysate glucose concentrations causes progressive ultrafiltration decline. First, glucose absorption causes an increase of the intracellular NADH/NAD+ ratio, also called pseudohypoxia. Intracellular hypoxia stimulates myofibroblasts to produce profibrotic and angiogenetic factors, and the glucose transporter GLUT-1. Second, the increased GLUT-1 expression by myofibroblasts increases glucose uptake in these cells, leading to a reduction of the osmotic gradient for ultrafiltration. Reduction of peritoneal glucose exposure to prevent this vicious circle is essential for high-quality, long-term PD.
Long-distance phonological processes as tier-based strictly local functions
Authors: Burness Phillip Alexander , McMullin Kevin James , Chandlee Jane
Published: July 2021

Whether we analyze phonological processes using a system of rules or constraints, the resulting map from underlying representations to surface pronunciations can be characterized as a function. Viewing processes as mathematical objects in this way allows us to study properties of phonology that hold no matter how it is implemented. Work in this vein has found that a majority of phonological processes only consider information within a finite window, placing them in the highly restrictive class of Strictly Local (SL) functions (Chandlee 2014; Chandlee et al. 2014; 2015). Long-distance phonological processes, however, lie outside the capabilities of the SL functions since they consider information that can be arbitrarily distant. The more powerful class of subsequential functions has been offered as a potential characterization of long-distance phonology (Heinz & Lai 2013; Luo 2017; Payne 2017), but we argue that an intermediate class offers a more natural model. Specifically, by incorporating an autosegmental tier (e.g., Goldsmith 1976) into the structure of an SL function, the non-local information crucial for applying long- distance processes can be rendered local. In addition to assessing the typological coverage of these Tier-based Strictly Local functions (Burness & McMullin 2019; Hao & Andersson 2019; Hao & Bowers 2019), we show that they fail to generate two pathological behaviours (minimum distance requirements and modulo counting) that can be accomplished with a subsequential function. We therefore conclude that tier-based computation is a better characterization of long-distance phonology than subsequential computation.
Games e moralidade: como os jogadores se relacionam com os conteúdos morais dos jogos?
Authors: Evangelista Vítor de Morais Alves , Kadooka Aline , Lepre Rita Melissa
Published: July 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: Os jogos eletrônicos se tornaram parte fundamental de uma sociedade marcada pelo uso da tecnologia e pela virtualização das relações humanas. Considerados como produto de uma cultura de consumo tecnológica recente, os jogos apresentam a seu respeito diversas opiniões contraditórias, principalmente às que se referem aos seus conteúdos morais e suas supostas influências.  OBJETIVO: A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar como os jogadores se relacionam com os conteúdos morais presentes nos jogos eletrônicos.  METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de um estudo quanti-qualitativo envolvendo 30 jogadores. Recorreu-se a entrevistas semiestruturadas com a apresentação de dilemas virtuais baseados em jogos eletrônicos. As entrevistas foram transcritas e analisadas por meio de análise de conteúdo e estatística descritiva, sendo os resultados discutidos à luz das teorias morais. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: Os resultados apontam que a maioria dos jogadores considera o ambiente virtual como um espaço de permissividade, satisfação dos desejos e livre de qualquer sanção, apresentando um número bem maior de respostas utilitaristas aos videodilemas. CONCLUSÃO:Os resultados sugerem que a ação moral no ambiente virtual pode ser vista como um construto independente para o julgamento moral.
Низовая организация досуга в заброшенных зданиях Воркуты
Authors: Литвинова София Александровна , Кузинер Евгения Николаевна , Гладченко Екатерина Андреевна
Published: July 2021

В условиях институциональных и пространственных ограничений молодежь в Воркуте активно осваивает нефункционирующие заброшенные здания. Цель данной статьи — представить результаты исследования особенностей низовой организации досуга в заброшенных городских пространствах Воркуты, а также результаты анализа переплетений социальных и пространственных аспектов существования в городе различных молодежных групп, которые самостоятельно организуют досуг, создавая уникальные досуговые пространства в ситуации ограниченности ресурсов.

Для исследования были выбраны два кейса: байк-клуб «Полярные волки» и скейт-площадка в заброшенном здании. Эмпирический материал исследования был собран в ходе социологической экспедиции 7–13 июля 2019 года в Воркуте в рамках проекта «Открываем Россию заново» и включает в себя 20 глубинных интервью с воркутинцами в возрасте от 16 до 35 лет, а также более 200 часов включенного наблюдения. При анализе материала авторы опирались на сценовой подход и концепцию третьих мест Рэя Ольденбурга. При этом досуговое пространство молодежи определяется в исследовании как место, в котором существует молодежная сцена (или сцены). Для определения сцены и последующего анализа материала используется концепт «культурной сцены», предложенный Еленой Омельченко и Святославом Поляковым, где сцены — это связь досуговых практик сообществ и культурных пространств. В ходе анализа были выделены особенности низовой организации досуговых пространств в Воркуте — молодежь повторно использует заброшенные здания и создает внутри них свой особый социальный и связанный с ним пространственный порядок. Авторы пришли к заключению, что постоянные преобразования зданий молодежью являются развитием и продолжением сцены. Когда-то заброшенные здания становятся местами с определенной социальной динамикой, которая постоянно воспроизводится через пересечение повседневных практик участников сцен.

Поскольку исследованиям организации досуга молодежи в отдаленных от Центральной России арктических городах уделяется мало внимания, результаты данной статьи способны привлечь ученых к изучению форм досуга молодежи в регионах Арктики как ответа на институциональные ограничения в месте проживания.
SHARE-seq V1 v1
Authors: Ma Sai , Regev Aviv , Buenrostro Jason
Published: July 2021

SHARE-seq for joint profiling of chromatin accessibility and gene expression at scale.
MinION Sequencing protocol for Rabies virus of Indian subcontinental lineage v1
Authors: not provided pramadaprasad , P.K. Harsha , Pattabiraman Chitra
Published: July 2021

An ONT MinION based sequencing protocol to retrieve whole genomes of Rabies virus of the Indian subcontinental lineage. Primers were selected using PrimalScheme (https://primalscheme.com/) and protocol was modified from the Zika and SARS-CoV-2 sequencing protocols using the same tool.
Clinical and morphological portrait of tumors with microsatellite instability
Authors: Musaelyan A. A. , Nazarov V. D. , Budnikova A. S. , Lapin S. V. , Vorobyev S. L. , Emanuel V. L. , Zakharenko A. A. , Orlov S. V.
Published: July 2021

Background. Microsatellites are short tandem nucleotide repeats, the change in length of which plays a key roles in the pathogenesis of various malignant neoplasms. This change is called microsatellite instability. It is caused by aberrations in the genes of DNA mismatch repair system. Tumors with microsatellite instability are a special subtype regardless of location and are characterized by high sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Objective – determination of characteristic clinical and morphological patterns of tumors of various localizations with microsatellite instability.

Materials and methods. The study included 512 patients with malignant tumors of different localizations. Of these, 359 patients were diagnosed with colorectal cancer, 57 with uterine body cancer, and 57 with stomach cancer. Determination of the status of microsatellite instability was performed by a PCR-based method using 5 mononucleotide markers: BAT-25, BAT-26, NR-21, NR-24, NR-27.

Results. The prevalence of microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer, uterine neoplasm and gastric cancer was 6.4; 22.8 and 1.75 %, respectively. Patients with MSI-positive colorectal cancer are characterized by yonger age (p = 0.023), right-sided localization of the tumor (p <0.0001), presence of multiple primary tumors (p = 0.0299), poorly differentiation (p = 0.0025), mucinous component (p <0.0001), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (p <0.0001) and Crohn-like reaction (p = 0.0006). Patients with uterine neoplasms with microsatellite instability are characterized by the presence of endometrial adenocarcinoma (p = 0.047), as well as the presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (p = 0.0022) and cribriform growth (p = 0.0011).

Conclusion. A common pattern for colorectal cancer and uterine neoplasms is the presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Certain clinical and morphological features of tumors of these localizations will more accurately identify candidates for microsatellite instability status determination for further immunotherapy.
Modern concepts of the molecular pathogenesis of thyroid cancer
Authors: Mikhailova A. A. , Shestakov A. V. , Chubakova K. A. , Kolokolova E. V. , Eliseev V. Yu. , Kostyaeva M. Ya. , Akperov E. G. , Pilipenko V. E. , Saprina T. V. , Mukhamedov M. R. , Choinzonov E. L.
Published: July 2021

Thyroid cancer remains the most common malignancy of the endocrine system worldwide. The indicators of its morbidity and mortality rates have been increasing rapidly over the last decades. Most cases of differentiated thyroid cancer (follicular and papillary histotypes) are clinically manifested by nodular goiter frequently combined with uncertain results of cytological diagnosis (categories III and IV according to the Bethesda (Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology) classification). All of that makes it difficult to choose a proper tactic for patient treatment. It is known that the development, progression, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells are regulated by a variety of molecular mechanisms. This review describes several molecular aspects of thyroid nodules oncogenesis, as well as its most promising diagnostic tumor markers. Following molecular pathways are described in particular: gene mutations, protein tumor markers, and epigenetic effects of micro-RNA, histones, as well as DNA methylation. The study of the pathogenesis of this disease has a prognostic value and contributes to the search for effective therapeutic and diagnostic methods and their improvement. That is why we also reviewed modern test panels aimed at preoperative differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules. Summarizing the results of world research on this topic allows us not only to expand the understanding of the fundamental processes of oncogenesis, but also to outline promising areas for future experimental research projects. All of that together will contribute to developing new prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic technologies, and as a result, will improve the quality of medical care for patients with thyroid cancer.
Chemoreactome screening of pharmaceutical effects on SARS-CoV-2 and human virome to help decide on drug-based COVID-19 therapy
Authors: Torshin I. Yu. , Gromova O. A. , Chuchalin A. G. , Zhuravlev Yu. I.
Published: July 2021

Background. So-called rational drug design is suboptimal when it comes to finding effective and safe drug-based treatment for COVID-19. Another approach seems promising: to reprofile the pharmaceuticals registered in the Anatomical, Therapeutic, and Chemical Classifier (ATC).

Material and methods. Chemoreactome screening, a method that simulates the results of inhibiting viral growth in a cell culture, models the effects of pharmaceuticals on the human virome, and estimates the adverse effects of medicines, was used to reprofile about 2700 pharmaceuticals from the ATC. The information technology behind chemoreactome analysis is based on the topological recognition theory advanced by the Institute of Pharmaceutical Informatics, Federal Research Center for Informatics and Control, Russian Academy of Sciences.

Results. Sixty two pharmaceuticals and 20 micronutrients were found to have a pronounced antiviral effect with minimal side effects. Comparison against data of basic research and clinical trials showed 31 out of 62 pharmaceuticals to have been independently confirmed usable in COVID-19 treatment. These inhibit coronaviral proteins and/or function as adaptogenic molecules that improve the functioning of cells exposed to viral stress. Glucosamine sulfate was found to have the best safety profile and minimum effects on the healthy human virome out of all the tested anticoronaviral micronutrients.

Conclusions. Reprofiling of pharmaceuticals registered in the ATC could significantly speed up the search for more effective and safer drugbased COVID-19 treatments. Several micronutrients show promise for long-term coronavirus prevention, especially in the elderly.