bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tertiary sedimentation and tectonics in the Judge Daly Basin, Northeast Ellesmere Island, Arctic Canada
Authors: Miall A D
Published: March 2016

Scattered outliers of nonmarine Tertiary deposits are present at Carl Ritter Bay, Daly River and Pavy River on Judge Daly Promontory, and at Watercourse Valley. At Carl Ritter Bay the section comprises four members: I. Coarse to pebbly sand stone, 650+ m; 2. Fine
grained sandstone, siltstone and shale, 630 m; 3. Siltstone, side ritic mudstone, 460 m; 4. Boulder conglome rate, 630+ m. Members l t o 3 are folded into an anticline - syncline pair and separated from member 4 by an angular unconformity. At Daly River and Pavy River sandstones comparable to (and
tentatively correlated with) member l at Carl Ritter Bay are exposed, and at Watercourse Valley a basal breccia is followed by a succession of fine sandstone and siltstone with coal. An outlier previously mapped as Tertiary at Lincoln Bay probably consists of Pleistocene glacial deposits.
Paleocurrent and petrographic evidence suggests that these outliers were originally part of a single depositional entity, herein named Judge Daly Basin. Limited biostratigraphy data indicate that all the strata are Paleocene in age. Most of the sediment was deposited by a fluvial system flowing
north eastward, down the axis of the basin, with some input by transverse drainage entering from the margins. Sandstones of member l at Carl Ritter Bay are rich in volcanic fragments, particularly feldspar-phyric basalt, possibly derived from an offshore volcanic centre. This detrital component
decreases in abundance northeastward, probably due to rapid weathering du ring transportation. Member 4 at Carl Ritter Bay is a syntectonic conglomerate, formed during Paleocene fault movements. This tectonic episode is a hitherto unrecognized phase of the Eurekan Orogeny.
Geology of the Manigotagan area, Manitoba
Authors: Ermanovics I F
Published: March 2016

Arkoses that lie stratigraphically above rhyodacite (U-Pb zircon age 2732 Ma) of the Black Island succession unconformably overlie metatonalite (U-Pb zircon age 2999 Ma) at Hole River. Metagreywackes and aluminous schists at Manigotagan were metasomatized during
intrusion of later tonalite and granodiorite about 2690 Ma ago but the contact with ear ly metatonalite, thought to be unconformable, is not exposed. Hole River arkose and Manigotagan metasediments were derived from a granitic source and are correlated with the San Antonio Formation at Bissett,
Manitoba. Metavolcanic rocks, hornblende gneiss and layered tonalite gneiss may predate the 2999 Ma old metatonalite. Mafic schist s, metagabbro, and serpentinized ultramafic rocks occur as small bodies in metatonalite. Manigotagan metasediments were metamorphosed to lower amphibolite facies and
retrogressed to greenschist facies in localized shear zones. Early metavolcanics and tonalites record at least two periods of regional metamorphism in the amphibolite facies and retrogress ion to greenschist in shear zones.
Uranium exploration 75
Authors: Darnley A G ,   Geological Survey of Canada, Ruzicka V , Dyck W , Cameron E M , Richardson K
A
Published: March 2016

Nuclear energy offers a viable solution to the major energy problem that faces the world. This publication comprises five papers that were presented orally to the Prospectors and Developers Association in March 1975. The main emphasis is on geoscience applied to
uranium exploration but one paper considers projected demand and the conclusion reached is that presently known conventional types of uranium deposit will not meet future needs. The geological features of some lesser known types of deposits are considered and the various aspects of geophysics and
geochemistry that can be applied to current uranium exploration programs are discussed. The concluding paper describes the Federal-Provincial Uranium Reconnaissance Program which begins in the summer of 1975.
Petrology and economic geology of the Dumont Sill: an archean intrusion of komatiitic affinity in northwestern Quebec
Authors: Duke J M
Published: March 2016

The komatiiti c, synvolcanic Dumont Sill occurs within a sequence of iron-rich tholeiite lavas in the Abitibi greenstone belt. Its Ultramafic Zone comprises the Lower Peridotite Subzone, an olivine+chromite cumulate, the Dunite Subzone, an olivine ±sulphide
cumulate, and the Upper Peridotite Subzone, an olivine+chromite cumulate. The overlying Mafic Zone comprises the Clinopyroxenite Subzone, a clinopyroxene cumulate, the Gabbro Subzone, a clinopyroxene+plagioclase cumulate, and the Quartz Gabbro which includes plagioclase + pyroxene cumulates as well
as noncumulate gabbros. The parent magma was a peridotitic komatii te liquid (27 .5% MgO) that carried 12.5% olivine crystals in suspension. The Lower Peridotite formed by the settling and accumulation of these intratelluric phenocrysts whereas the overlying cumulates accumulated by a bottom
crystallization process. Olivine+sulphide cumulate layers occur in the Dunite and formed by the accumulation of olivine and molten sulphide in their "cotectic" proportions. Sulphide saturation occurred when fractionated, sulphur-enriched intercumulus liquid was expelled upward by filterpressing of
the partially molten Lower Peridotite and mixed with less evolved liquid at the floor of the magma chamber. The intrusion is pervasively altered with the development of lizardite+brucite+magnetite+diopside+chlorite in the Ultramafic Zone and actinolite+epidote+chlorite assemblages in the Mafic Zone.
The secondary textures and assemblages are indicative of nonequilibrium, retrograde, low-temperature alteration which probably resulted from an influx of water during initial cooling of the sill.
Windsor group salt in the Minas Subbasin of Nova Scotia
Authors: Howie R D
Published: March 2016

The Paleozoic fold belt of Atlantic Canada forms the northeastern part of the Appalachian Mountains. Within the fold belt, the Carboniferous Windsor Group includes the only marine rocks of Late Paleozoic age in southeastern Canada. The Windsor Group evaporites,
preserved on land in outliers or as part of a northeast trending basin under the Gulf of St. Lawrence, form part of a much larger depositional area, the Magdalen Basin. Based on present structural trends, the Magdalen Basin has been divided into subbasins of which the Minas subbasin is one. The
structural and depositional history of the Windsor Group in the Minas subbasin has been determined through a detailed study of the evaporite sequence. Salt occurs as bedded deposits or flow structures that vary in thickness from a few centimeters to 300 m. The present distribution and thickness of
the salt can be attributed to the environment of deposition or tectonism, or both.
Inventory of Quaternary Geology, southern Labrador: an example of Quaternary Geology - Terrain Studies in Undeveloped Areas
Authors: Fulton R J , Hodgson D A , Minning G V
Published: March 2016

The Quaternary geology inventory of southern Labrador was the first attempt at adapting helicopter field-mapping techniques, which have accelerated bedrock mapping, to the Quaternary geology-terrain mapping program of the Geological Survey of Canada. This
description of the techniques used and the problems encountered is presented as a guide to the planning, execution and evaluation of future projects of this type. A new method of describing deposits and terrain was devised owing to the sporadic distribution anti variable quality of the basic data,
the legend had to be flexible so that it could be applied to both general and specific information. This legend designates terrain units in terms of broad genetic categories, with implicated textural character, which can be subdivided in terms of geomorphic expression. If the actual texture of a
deposit is known, this specific information can be used as a further stage of subdivision. Two basic assets of the legend are: 1) it can be used to depict information at a variety of levels of detail, and 2) it is descriptive and largely objective. Certain inherent difficulties that should be given
special attention are identified. These include problems in airphoto interpretation, difficulties in the collection of pertinent field information, and the problem of obtaining the necessary time and resources. The concluding section describes a model plan for this type of project which is designed
to handle such problems more efficiently.
Association Between Schistosoma haematobium Exposure and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Among Females in Mozambique
Authors: Brodish Paul Henry , Singh Kavita
Published: March 2016

Recent evidence suggests an association between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) in sub-Saharan Africa, especially in Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe. Women with FGS have increased numbers of HIV target cells and cell receptors in genital and blood compartments, potentially increasing the risk of HIV transmission per sexual exposure, and the association may explain the high female:male ratio of HIV prevalence unique to sub-Saharan Africa. We investigate this association in Mozambique by linking two georeferenced, high-quality secondary data sources on HIV prevalence and Schistosoma haematobium: the AIDS Indicator Survey, and the Global Neglected Tropical Diseases (GNTD) open-source database, respectively. We construct a schistosomiasis exposure covariate indicating women reporting “unimproved” daily drinking water sources and living no more than 2–5 km from high-endemic global positioning system (GPS) coordinates in the GNTD. In logistic regression analyses predicting HIV-positive status, we show that exposure increases the odds of HIV-positive status by three times, controlling for demographic and sexual risk factors.
Bacteriology of Naja atra Snakebite Wound and Its Implications for Antibiotic Therapy
Authors: Mao Yan-Chiao , Liu Po-Yu , Hung Dong-Zong , Lai Wei-Cheng , Huang Shih-Ting , Hung Yao-Min , Yang Chen-Chang
Published: March 2016

A total of 112 cases of Naja atra envenomation were examined at two referring hospitals: Taichung Veterans General Hospital in central Taiwan and Taipei Veterans General Hospital (VGH-TP) in northern Taiwan. Overall, 77% (86/112) of cases developed clinically suspected wound infections and 54% (61/112) required surgery secondary to tissue necrosis, finger or toe gangrene, and/or necrotizing fasciitis. Morganella morganii was the most abundant gram-negative bacterial strain isolated from bite wounds, followed by Proteus spp., Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Providencia spp. in descending order; Enterococcus spp. were the most common gram-positive bacteria and Bacteroides spp. were the only anaerobic bacteria. A few episodes of bacteremia were caused by Bacteroides and Shewanella spp. There were no significant variations in the distribution of bacterial species between these two hospitals except for a higher incidence of M. morganii, Enterococcus spp., and polymicrobial infection observed at VGH-TP, which may have been related to variations in the fecal flora of prey and oral flora of individual snakes in different geographic areas in Taiwan. According to the susceptibility test involving various pathogens, first-line drug options for the management of N. atra snakebite wound infections may include monotherapy with ureidopenicillin or combination therapy with aminopenicillin and a third-generation cephalosporin or fluoroquinolone. A prospective evaluation of empiric antibiotic therapy for the management of N. atra snakebite should be considered.
Chronic Chagas Disease Diagnosis: A Comparative Performance of Commercial Enzyme Immunoassay Tests
Authors: Santos Fred Luciano Neves , de Souza Wayner Vieira , Barros Michelle da Silva , Nakazawa Mineo , Krieger Marco Aurélio , Gomes Yara de Miranda
Published: March 2016

There is a significant heterogeneity in reported performance of serological assays for Chagas disease diagnosis. The conventional serology testing in laboratory diagnosis and in blood banks is unsatisfactory because of a high number of inconclusive and misclassified results. We aimed to assess the quality of four commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests for their ability to detect Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies in 685 sera samples. Cross-reactivity was assessed by using 748 sera from patients with unrelated diseases. Initially, we found that the reactivity index against T. cruzi antigen was statistically higher in sera from Chagas disease patients compared with those from non-chagasic patients, supporting the notion that all evaluated tests have a good discriminatory ability toward the diagnosis of T. cruzi infection in patients in the chronic phase of the disease. Although all tests were similarly sensitive for diagnosing T. cruzi infection, there were significant variations in terms of specificity and cross-reactivity among them. Indeed, we obtained divergent results when testing sera from patient with unrelated diseases, particularly leishmaniasis, with the levels of cross-reactivity being higher in tests using whole T. cruzi extracts compared with those using recombinant proteins. Our data suggest that all four tests may be used for the laboratory diagnosis and routine blood screening diagnose for Chagas disease. We also emphasize that, despite their general good performance, caution is needed when analyzing the results when these tests are performed in areas where other diseases, particularly leishmaniasis, are endemic.
Vitamin D Status in Botswana Children Under 2 Years Old With and Without Active Tuberculosis
Authors: Ludmir Jonathan , Mazhani Loeto , Cary Mark S. , Chakalisa Unoda A. , Pettifor John M. , Molefi Mooketsi , Redwood Abiona , Stallings Virginia A. , Gross Robert , Steenhoff Andrew P.
Published: March 2016

Additional strategies are needed to prevent and treat tuberculosis (TB). Although vitamin D may have antimycobacterial effects, it is unknown whether low vitamin D status confers a risk for active TB in African children. This case–control study assessed serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration in children with and without active TB in Gaborone, Botswana. A total of 80 children under 2 years old with and without active TB, seen at hospitals and clinics in the greater Gaborone area between September 2010 and November 2012, were enrolled. Of these, 39 cases did not differ from the 41 controls in median 25(OH)D levels (P = 0.84). The 25(OH)D was < 20 ng/mL in 8/39 (21%) cases and 7/41 (17%) controls (P = 0.69, χ2). Univariate analyses of subject clinical characteristics (other than 25(OH)D levels) showed that any degree of weight loss was associated with a diagnosis of TB (P = 0.047). Other clinical characteristics, including age (P = 0.08) or weight below third percentile (P = 0.58), showed no association with TB. There was no significant difference in vitamin D status between children under 2 years old with and without active TB. Lower vitamin D status did not appear to be a risk factor for TB in this small Gaborone cohort.
The ovulation rate, plasma progesterone and estradiol concentration, and litter size of a local ewe breed kept in a barn vs. those kept under an overhead shelter
Authors: Kuźnicka Ewa , Rant Witold , Radzik-Rant Aurelia , Kunowska-Slósarz Małgorzata , Balcerak Marek
Published: March 2016

Abstract. A herd of sheep (40 heads) was divided into two equal groups: group 1 was kept under an overhead shelter and group 2 in a warm barn. The effect of maintenance on ewe's reproductive performance, corpora lutea and corpora lutea of pregnancy rate, as well as the concentration of plasma progesterone and estradiol in peripheral blood was investigated. At the first laparoscopy fewer corpora lutea than during the following one were observed (P ≤ 0.01). In sheep kept under the overhead shelter, a greater number of corpora lutea were noted. More corpora lutea of pregnancy were observed in group 1 than in the group from the barn. On the first day after mating the average level of progesterone was 190 pg mL−1, and after 2 weeks it increased to more than 300 pg mL−1 (P ≤ 0.01). The positive correlation between the number of corpora lutea of pregnancy and progesterone concentration (P ≤ 0.01) and the negative correlation (P ≤ 0.01) with number of corpora lutea of pregnancy, as well as between the litter size and estradiol concentration, were observed. Harsh environmental conditions did not cause a significant decrease of the reproduction performance of ewes kept under the overhead shed.
Errors in radial velocity variance from Doppler wind lidar
Authors: Wang Hui , Barthelmie Rebecca J. , Doubrawa Paula , Pryor Sara C.
Published: March 2016

Abstract. A high-fidelity lidar turbulence measurement technique relies on accurate estimates of radial velocity variance that are subject to both systematic and random errors determined by the autocorrelation function of radial velocity, the sampling rate, and the sampling duration. Using both statistically simulated and observed data, this paper quantifies the effect of the volumetric averaging in lidar radial velocity measurements on the autocorrelation function and the dependence of the systematic and random errors on the sampling duration. For current generation scanning lidars and sampling durations of about 30 minutes and longer during which the stationarity assumption is valid for atmospheric flows the systematic error is negligible but the random error exceeds about 10 %.
Technical Note: Calculating state dependent equilibrium climate sensitivity from palaeodata
Authors: Köhler Peter , Stap Lennert B. , von der Heydt Anna S. , de Boer Bas , van de Wal Roderik S. W.
Published: March 2016

Abstract. The evidence from both data and models indicate that specific equilibrium climate sensitivity S[X] – the global annual mean surface temperature change (∆Tg) as a response to a change in radiative forcing X (∆R[X]) – is state dependent. Such a state dependency implies that the best fit in the scatter plot of ∆Tg versus ∆R[X] is not a linear regression, but for instance a higher order polynomial. While for the conventional linear case the slope (gradient) of the regression is correctly interpreted as the specific equilibrium climate sensitivity S[X], the interpretation is not straightforward in the non-linear case. We here elaborate how such a state dependent scatter plot needs to be interpreted, and provide a theoretical understanding how to calculate S[X] in the non-linear case.
Influence of meteorological factors on rockfall occurrence in a middle mountain limestone cliff
Authors: D'Amato Julie , Hantz Didier , Guerin Antoine , Jaboyedoff Michel , Baillet Laurent , Mariscal Armand
Published: March 2016

Abstract. The influence of meteorological conditions on rockfall occurrence has been often highlighted, but knowledge of it is still not sufficient due to the lack of exhaustive and precise rockfall databases. In this study, rockfalls have been detected in a limestone cliff by annual terrestrial laser scanning, and dated by photographic survey over a period of 2.5 years. A near-continuous survey (one photo every 10 min) with a wide-angle lens has made it possible to date 214 rockfalls larger than 0.1 m3, and a monthly survey with a telephoto lens has dated 854 rockfalls larger than 0.01 m3. Analysis of the two databases shows that the rockfall frequency can be multiplied by a factor as high as 7 during freeze–thaw episodes and 26 when the mean rainfall intensity (since the beginning of the rainfall episode) is higher than 5 mmh−1. Based on these results, a three-level scale has been proposed for predicting the temporal variations of rockfall frequency. The more precise database and freeze–thaw episode definition make it possible to distinguish different phases in freeze–thaw episodes: negative temperature cooling periods, negative temperature warming periods and thawing periods. It appears that rockfalls occur more frequently during warming and thawing periods than during cooling periods. It can be inferred that rockfalls are caused by thermal ice dilatation rather than by dilatation due to the phase transition. But they may occur only when the ice melts, because the cohesion of the ice–rock interface can be sufficient to hold the rock compartment which has been cut.
Automatic landslide flow direction estimation based on the geometric processing of the bounding box and the geomorphometric analysis of DEMs
Authors: Niculiţă Mihai
Published: March 2016

Abstract. Landslides are geomorphologic and hydrologic phenomena, which produce a certain morphology, influenced by the slide/flow of the material downslope. Usually the distance of the movement of the material is greater than the width of the displaced material (especially for flows, but also the majority of the slides enter in the same category), the resulting landslides having the length bigger than the width. In some specific environments (monoclinic regions, with cuesta landforms) or some types of landslides (translational slides, bank failures, complex landslides), the distance of the movement is smaller than the width of the displaced mass, the resulting landslides having the length smaller than the width. When dealing with landslide inventories which contain both the classes of landslides presented above, the analysis of the length and width of landslides will be biased. To correct this aspect, I present an algorithm which uses both the geometry of the landslide polygon minimum oriented bounding box and a DEM of the landslide topography for identifying the long versus wide landslides, in a landslide inventory covering 131.1 km2 in Moldavian Plateau, Eastern Romania, and containing 1327 landslides (518 long and 809 wide). In a first step, the difference in elevation of the length and width of the minimum oriented bounding box is used to separate long from wide landslides (long landslides having the greatest elevation difference along the length of the bounding box). In a second step, the long landslides are checked if their length is greater than the slope length (estimated with a flow routing algorithm), in which case the landslide is labelled as wide. By using this approach the AUROC value for the classification of the two cases is 87.8%. An intensive review of the wrong classified cases is made, and discussions are included about the prospects of improving with further steps the approach, to reduce the number of misclassified cases.
Volume transport and mixing of the Faroe Bank Channel overflow from one year of moored measurements
Authors: Ullgren Jenny E. , Darelius Elin , Fer Ilker
Published: March 2016

Abstract. One-year long time series of current velocity and temperature from eight moorings deployed in the Faroe Bank Channel (FBC) are analysed to describe the structure and variability of the dense overflow plume on daily to seasonal timescales. Mooring arrays were deployed in two sections: located 25 km downstream of the main sill, in the channel that geographically confines the overflow plume at both edges (section C), and 60 km further downstream, over the slope (section S). At section C, the average volume transport of overflow waters ( < 3 °C) from the Nordic Seas towards the Iceland Basin was 1.3 ±  0.3 Sv; at section S, transport of modified overflow water ( < 6 °C) was 1.7  ±  0.7 Sv. The volume transport through the slope section was dominated by mesoscale variability at 3–5-day timescales. A simplified view of along-path entrainment of a gravity current may not be accurate for the FBC overflow. As the plume proceeds into the stratified ambient water, there is substantial detrainment from the deeper layer (bounded by the 3 °C isotherm), of comparable magnitude to the entrainment into the interfacial layer (between the 3 and 6 °C isotherms). A time series of gradient Richardson numbers suggests a quiescent plume core capped by turbulent near bottom and interfacial layers in the channel. At section S, in contrast, the entire overflow plume is turbulent. Based on a two-layer heat budget constructed for the overflow, time mean vertical diffusivities across the top of the bottom layer and across the interfacial layer were (30  ±  15) × 10−4 and (120  ±  43) × 10−4  m2 s−1, respectively.
A 2D model for simulating heterogeneous mass and energy fluxes through melting snowpacks
Authors: Leroux Nicolas R. , Pomeroy John W.
Published: March 2016

Abstract. Accurate estimation of the water flux through melting snowpacks is of primary importance for runoff prediction. Lateral flows and preferential flow pathways in porous media flow have proven critical for improving soil and groundwater flow models, but though many physically-based layered snowmelt models have been developed, only 1D matrix flow over level ground is currently accounted for in snow models. Snowmelt models that include these processes may improve snowmelt discharge timing and contributing area calculations in hydrological models. A two-dimensional snow model (SMPP – Snowmelt Model with Preferential flow Paths) is presented that simulates heat and water flows through both snowpack matrix and preferential flow paths, as well as snowmelt and refreezing of meltwater. The model assumes thermodynamic equilibrium between solid and liquid phases and uses the latest improvements made in snow science to estimate snow hydraulic and thermal properties. A finite volume method is applied to solve for the 2D heat and water equations. The use of a water entry pressure for dry snow combined with consideration of the impact of heterogeneities in surface fluxes and internal snow properties – density, grain size and layer thickness – allowed calculation of the formation of preferential flow paths in the snowpack. The simulation of water flow through preferential flow paths resulted in liquid water reaching the base of the snowpack earlier than for a homogeneous wetting front. Moreover, the preferential flow paths in the model increased the exchange of energy between the snow surface and the internal snowpack, resulting in faster warming of the snowpack. A sensitivity analysis, conducted on the snow internal properties showed that initial conditions such as density and temperature, should be carefully measured in the field to accurately estimate liquid water percolating through the snowpack. Furthermore, two empirical coefficients used in the water flow equation were showed to greatly impact model outputs. This heterogeneous flow model is an important tool to help understand snowmelt flow processes in complex and level terrains and to demonstrate how uncertainty in snowmelt-derived runoff calculations might be reduced.
Pyogenic Arthritis in Qatar
Authors: Nahman A. , Hammoudeh M.
Published: March 2016

A retrospective study of patients diagnosed with pyogenic arthritis at Hamad Medical Corporation over the fiveyear period January 1st 1996 to December 312000 showed that only 24 patients out of 63 fulfilled the criteria for bacterial arthritis. Staph. aureus was the main organism isolated from the synovial fluid (72%). The mean duration between the onset of symptoms and admission was 11 days. Nearly half the patients (45%) were under 12 years of age. Earlier diagnosis and treatment gives a better outcome.
Percutaneous Nephropexy
Authors: Ismail A. , Zaghmout O. , Muzrakchi A. , El Sherif A. , Al Dabbagh M.
Published: March 2016

A seven-year-old girl presented with recurrent left renal pain, generalized weakness and lack of energy. Ultrasound scanning showed bilateral pelvic kidneys. Intravenous urography (IVU) demonstrated bilateral floating kidneys. Nuclear scintigraphy performed in both the upright and recumbent positions showed slight impairment of drainage in the upright position on both sides.
Trace Elements: Are They Important?
Authors: Al Juffairi Noura Yacoob
Published: March 2016

Our daily food contains:

• 3 – major nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium)

• 6 – minor nutrients (calcium, chloride, magnesium, iron, sodium, sulphur)

• 5 – trace elements as monitored and maintained in agricultural soils (boron, copper, manganese, molybdenum, zinc)

• 3 – trace elements as added at other stages of our nutrition (iodine in table salt; cobalt in salt licks for cattle & sheep; and selenium in fortified chicken feed)
Dispêndios com alimentos no Brasil: uma contribuição ao estudo da forma funcional
Authors: Ikehara Hideharu Carlos
Published: March 2016

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Contribuição ao estudo das formas funcionais de demanda agregada de alimentos, utilizando dados de corte seccional do ENDEF, a técnica de Box-Cox e modelos tradicionais de demanda. Resultados mostraram que o emprego de formas funcionais arbitrárias tende a produzir erros de estimação em até 552%, Verificou-se, também, que resultados obtidos com o procedimento de Box-Cox, são perfeitamente coerentes com as expectativas a priori e com evidência empírica, permitindo um ajustamento superior ao obtido pelos modelos tradicionalmente utilizados.
Citogenética de aves. IV. Citotaxonomia e evolução
Authors: Waldrigues Aldo
Published: March 2016

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Revisão bibliográfica em que se apresenta a importância dos rearranjos cromossômicos como fonte de variabilidade genética dentro dos processos evolutivos, e do cariótipo no relacionamento filogenético das espécies, com especial ênfase na Classe Aves.
Cálculo do segundo momento da linha de EPR para a perturbação devida ao efeito do campo cristalino
Authors: Juraitis Klemensas Rimgaudas , Domiciano João Batista , Sano Walter
Published: March 2016

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No presente trabalho calculamos a contribuição do efeito do campo cristalino no cálculo do segundo momento de uma linha de EPR, considerando uma direção de distorção arbitrária.
Estudo dos estágios curriculares na universidade estadual de londrina parte I- Os estágios curriculares no 3o. grau
Authors: Berbel Neusi Aparecida Navas
Published: March 2016

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Conceituação e caracterização dos estágios curriculares no ensino de 3° grau, diferenciando-os dos estágios extracurriculares. Implicações de um estágio voltado para a obtenção de resultados efetivos. Identificação de características da legislação de ensino vigente no país e os principais atos normativos que, em âmbito nacional, respaldam o enfoque dado a este trabalho.
Agricultura brasileira: considerações sobre a contribuição da produtividade no período 1960/80
Authors: Ikehara Hideharu Carlos
Published: March 2016

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Análise das contribuições da produtividade e do aumento da área cultivada no crescimento da produção agrícola brasileira, no período de 1960 a 1980, utilizando o instrumental analítico de "Shift-Share". Os resultados mostram que nesse período o crescimento da agricultura ocorreu, basicamente, em função do aumento da área cultivada, o que caracteriza, no agregado, como um setor agrícola tradicional.
O polimorfismo da esterase D
Authors: Nogueira Christine Pietraróia
Published: March 2016

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Trabalho de revisão sobre caracterização da Esterase D (ESD - E.C. 3.1.1.1), freqüências gênicas em diversas populações e nos continentes.
‘Living in Sin’: A Reform Proposal for Financial Relief Following Cohabitation Breakdown
Authors: Tattersall Luke
Published: March 2016

‘Living in Sin’: A Reform Proposal for Financial Relief Following Cohabitation Breakdown

The number of adults choosing to cohabit has increased by over 67% since 1991. Despite such a dramatic shift in social norms, the law governing financial relief upon relationship breakdown remains inept to handle the significant increase in cohabitants. This article examines how the current system of family trusts constitutes an archaic and inadequate means of dividing cohabitants’ assets. The law of trusts fails to reflect the subtleties of personal relationships, often resulting in financial injustice. The author goes on to consider the notion of common law marriage, highlighting how despite attempts by both the government and policy makers to dispel the concept it nevertheless remains prevalent throughout the United Kingdom. The core counterargument to extending financial relief is that it would undermine the institution of marriage and obscure the boundaries between cohabitant and spouse. This article critically examines this claim, adopting cross-jurisdictional analysis by considering the experiences of Scotland, Ireland and Australia where cohabitants have greater financial rights before concluding that the argument fails to stand up to scrutiny. The author ends by advancing a series of reforms designed to vindicate cohabitants, resulting in a fairer distribution of assets and bringing legal recognition to the United Kingdom’s largest growing family unit.
Effectiveness of Antipseudomonal Antibiotics and Mechanisms of Multidrug Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: ZOWALATY MOHAMED E. EL , GYETVAI BÉLA
Published: March 2016

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a leading human pathogen that causes serious infections at various tissues and organs leading to life threatening health problems and possible deadly outcomes. Resistance patterns vary widely whether it is from hospitals or community acquired infections. Reporting resistance profiles to a certain antibiotics provide valuable information in a given setting, but may be extrapolated outside the sampling location. In the present study, P. aeruginosa isolates were screened to determine their susceptibilities against anti-pseudomonal antimicrobial agents and possible existing mechanisms of resistance were determined. Eighty-six isolates of P. aeruginosa were recovered. Isolates representing different resistance profiles were screened for the existence of three different resistance mechanisms including drug inactivation due to metallo-β-lactamases, drug impermeability by outer membrane proteins and drug efflux. All tested isolates showed uniform susceptibility (100%, n = 86/86) to piperacillin, meropenem, amikacin, and polymyxin B. A single isolate was found to be imipenem resistant (99%, n = 85/86). The possible mechanisms of resistance of P. aeruginosa to imipenem involve active drug efflux pumps, outer membrane impermeability as well as drug inactivating enzymes. These findings demonstrate the fundamental importance of the in vitro susceptibility testing of antibiotics prior to antipseudomonal therapy and highlight the need for a continuous antimicrobial resistance surveillance programs to monitor the changing resistance patterns so that clinicians and health care officials are updated as to the most effective therapeutic agents to combat the serious outcomes of P. aeruginosa infections.
Biochemical and Molecular Characterization of Carotenogenic Flavobacterial Isolates from Marine Waters
Authors: SOWMYA RAMA , SACHINDRA NAKKARIKE M.
Published: March 2016

Carotenoids are known to possess immense nutraceutical properties and microorganisms are continuously being explored as natural source for production of carotenoids. In this study, pigmented bacteria belonging to Flavobacteriaceae family were isolated using kanamycin-containing marine agar and identified using the molecular techniques and their phenotypic characteristics were studied along with their potential to produce carotenoids. Analysis of random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) banding patterns and the fragment size of the bands indicated that the 10 isolates fall under two major groups. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis the isolates were identified as Vitellibacter sp. (3 isolates), Formosa sp. (2 isolates) and Arenibacter sp. (5 isolates). Phenotypically, the isolates showed slight variation from the reported species of these three genera of Flavobacteriaceae. Only the isolates belonging to Vitellibacter and Formosa produced flexirubin, a typical yellow orange pigment produced by most of the organisms of the family Flavobacteriaceae. Vitellibacter sp. and Formosa sp. were found to produce higher amount of carotenoids compared to Arenibacter sp. and zeaxanthin was found to be the major carotenoid produced by these two species. The study indicated that Vitellibacter sp. and Formosa sp. can be exploited for production of carotenoids, particularly zeaxanthin.
Streptococcus anginosus (milleri) Group Strains Isolated in Poland (1996–2012) and their Antibiotic Resistance Patterns
Authors: OBSZAŃSKA KATARZYNA , KERN-ZDANOWICZ IZABELLA , KOZIŃSKA ALEKSANDRA , MACHURA KATARZYNA , STEFANIUK ELŻBIETA , HRYNIEWICZ WALERIA , SITKIEWICZ IZABELA
Published: March 2016

Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus intermedius and Streptococcus constellatus form a group of related streptococcal species, namely the Streptococcus Anginosus Group (SAG). The group, previously called “milleri” had been rarely described until 1980/1990 as source of infections. Nowadays SAG bacteria are often described as pathogens causing predominantly purulent infections. The number of infections is highly underestimated, as SAG strains are often classified in the microbiology laboratory as less virulent “viridans streptococci”. Epidemiological situation regarding SAG infections in Poland has been unrecognized, therefore we performed a retrospective analysis of strains isolated between 1996 and 2012. Strains suspected of belonging to SAG were re-identified using an automated biochemical approach (Vitek2) and MALDI-TOF MS. We performed first analysis of antibiotic resistance among SAG strains isolated in Poland using automated methods (Vitek2), disk diffusion tests and E-Tests. We also performed PCR detection of resistance determinants in antibiotic resistant strains. Clonal structure of analyzed strains was evaluated with PFGE and MLVF methods. All three species are difficult to distinguish using automated diagnostic methods and the same is true for automated MIC evaluation. Our analysis revealed SAG strains are rarely isolated in Poland, predominantly from purulent infections. All isolates are very diverse on the genomic level as estimated by PFGE and MLVF analyses. All analyzed strains are sensitive to penicillin, a substantial group of strains is resistant to macrolides and the majority of strains are resistant to tetracycline.
Isolation and Characterization of α-Endosulfan Degrading Bacteria from the Microflora of Cockroaches
Authors: OZDAL MURAT , OZDAL OZLEM GUR , ALGUR OMER FARUK
Published: March 2016

Extensive applications of organochlorine pesticides like endosulfan have led to the contamination of soil and environments. Five different bacteria were isolated from cockroaches living in pesticide contaminated environments. According to morphological, physiological, biochemical properties, and total cellular fatty acid profile by Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAMEs), the isolates were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa G1, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia G2, Bacillus atrophaeus G3, Citrobacter amolonaticus G4 and Acinetobacter lwoffii G5. This is the first study on the bacterial flora of Blatta orientalis evaluated for the biodegradation of α-endosulfan. After 10 days of incubation, the biodegradation yields obtained from P. aeruginosa G1, S. maltophilia G2, B. atrophaeus G3, C. amolonaticus G4 and A. lwoffii G5 were 88.5%, 85.5%, 64.4%, 56.7% and 80.2%, respectively. As a result, these bacterial strains may be utilized for biodegradation of endosulfan polluted soil and environments.
Etiologic Agents and Antifungal Susceptibility of Oral Candidosis from Romanian patients with HIV-infection or type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: MINEA BOGDAN , NASTASA VALENTIN , KOLECKA ANNA , MARES MAGDALENA , MARANGOCI NARCISA , ROSCA IRINA , PINTEALA MARIANA , HANCIANU MONICA , MARES MIHAI
Published: March 2016

This is the first Romanian investigation of oral candidosis in patients suffering of HIV-infection or type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Candida albicans was the dominant species in both types of isolates: n = 14 (46.7%) in T1DM, n = 60 (69.8%) in HIV. The most frequent nonalbicans Candida spp. were Candida kefyr (n = 6; 20%) in T1DM and Candida dubliniensis (n = 8; 9.3%) in HIV. Resistance to fluconazole was detected only in the HIV non-albicans Candida group (n = 8; 9.3%). All isolates were susceptible to VOR. The experimental drug MXP had MIC values equal or close to the ones of VOR. Echinocandin resistance was more frequent than azole resistance.
Molybdenum disulfide / mesoporous carbon nanocomposite as electrode material for supercapasitors
Authors: Shyyko Lyudmyla , Kotsyubynsky Volodymyr , Budzulyak Ivan , Rachiy Bogdan
Published: March 2016

The article describes the features of MoS2/mesoporous carbon nanocomposite creation and application as an electrode material for hybrid supercapacitors. The combination of these two materials improved the electrochemical characteristics in comparison with molybdenum disulphide or mesoporous carbon on their own; in particular the synergetic effect between them led to the reduction of internal resistance and increase of electric conductivity that are reflected in the maximum power of the capacitor. In spite of a large surface area of the mesoporous carbon obtained from the raw material of plant origin (2200 m2 g–1), the synthesized nanocomposite (430 m2 g–1) has almost twice higher specific capacity (57 Fg–1 and 110 Fg–1, respectively) due to the summary effect of EDL and faradaic processes in the material. The samples were characterized by X-ray difractometry (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), porosimetry, impedance spectroscopy, voltammetry, and chronopotentiometry.
The mediatization of ethical consumption
Authors: Eskjær Mikkel Fugl
Published: March 2016

Over the years, mediatization studies have investigated the influence of media in numerous sections of contemporary society. One area that has received limited attention is the mediatization of consumption, particularly issues concerning ethical consumption. This article presents a study of how mediatization is transforming modern consumption and contributing to the mainstreaming of ethical consumption. Based on a study of a Danish online eco-store, the article argues that modern ethical consumption increasingly depends on new media practices to present sustainable consumption as practical and fashionable while effacing underlying processes of rationalisation and commercialisation.
Factors enhancing learning possibilities in digital workshops
Authors: Kobbernagel Christian
Published: March 2016

This article presents a study of processes supporting student learning possibilities in digital workshops planned and held at art museums in Denmark. The investigation aims to provide insights into factors enhancing learning possibilities, including the educator’s dialogic performance, experiences of art, and perceived qualities of digital content creation processes in art museum education workshops. To address the research question of what conditional and processual factors can be said to support learning possibilities, a model was developed on the basis of fieldwork and theories of media education, art pedagogy and motivation. The model was then analyzed using structural equation modelling (SEM) on data collected (N= 502) after workshops in two museums. The results suggest that the dialogic performance of museum educators, a positive art experience and positive perceptions of working with digital media are factors that strongly support student participation and reflection – although to various degrees. The findings also show that, in cases in which students are disinterested and see little value in participating during the workshop, this amotivation is likely to be lower when their art experiences and their perceptions of the media production process are positive.
Digital distinctions: mechanisms of difference in digital media use
Authors: Bengtsson Stina
Published: March 2016

This article aims at understanding to understand the distinctive mechanisms of digital media use, seen in relation to cultural practices at large. The empirical material is a survey study of university students at the Business Administration, Media and Communication Studies, Political Science and Philosophy departments at Södertörn University, Sweden. The empirical analysis deals with the students’ digital media use and preferences, and how these are related to their broader cultural practices and preferences. Specific attention is paid to the webpages the students mention in the survey, and how these are distributed among the groups. By showing detailed information on these areas, the mechanisms of difference of digital media use are revealed.