bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INVESTIGATION OF TOOLING GEOMETRY USING A FINITE ELEMENT SIMULATION OF UHMWPE UNIDIRECTIONAL THERMOFORMING
Authors: WHITE KARI , SHERWOOD JAMES
Published: November 2023

Thermoforming is an economical and fast process for transforming a flat sheet of thermoplastic composite material into a complex-shaped preform. A binder ring is used to induce in-plane tension to mitigate wrinkling and to drive the dominant deformation mechanism to be in-plane. The degree of shear can vary over the part, creating variations in thickness and subsequent challenges with uniform consolidation for a stack of preforms. While material attributes and processing parameters are critical in successful preforming, variations in the tool geometry may also lead to significant changes in the preform outcome. The goal of this research was to develop a virtual process simulation that can guide design changes in the processing conditions, ply blank geometries and tooling to achieve a well consolidated part. A discrete mesoscopic modeling approach was implemented in LS-DYNA using thickness-change shell elements (ELFORM25) that can incorporate 3D material properties, including through-plane thickness changes. The current state of the simulation effectively incorporates material behavior, tool/ply friction and thickness changes that reflect variations in pressure during consolidation to radius. In the current study, the simulation is used to investigate the significance of tooling geometry, including the punch/die gap size. The die fillet results were verified through comparison to experimental results with two types of tooling geometry. A parametric study was performed to investigate tooling changes in relation to the number of layers, or thickness, of a unidirectional UHMWPE material. Observations show that the radius of the die fillet has significant impact on wrinkle onset as the material passes through that juncture.
MICROSTRUCTURE CORRELATION METHOD FOR FIBER ORIENTATION CHARACTERIZATION AND PLY SEGMENTATION IN X-RAY CT SCANS OF COMPOSITE LAMINATES
Authors: NIKISHKOV YURI , SEON GUILLAUME , SHONKWILER BRIAN , MAKEEV ANDREW
Published: November 2023

This work is a part of an on-going effort to develop effective methods and algorithms enabling automated conversion of X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) scan data into finite element (FE) models for as-built composite parts. In particular, this paper is focused on the automated methods of segmentation of composite plies in X-ray CT scans and finding resulting ply waviness as well as local fiber directions and ply orientations, including average fiber misalignment and fiber direction variability. Sample applications of the proposed algorithm are provided for as-manufactured tape composite laminates as well as additively manufactured composites. Effects of X-ray CT scan quality on the algorithm performance are demonstrated.
INFLUENCE OF DEFORMATION OF COMPLIANT ROLLERS ON TAPE STEERING DURING AUTOMATED TAPE PLACEMENT
Authors: FUESSEL LUKAS , CENDER THOMAS , GILLESPIE, JR. JOHN W.
Published: November 2023

Automated tape placement with tape steering represents a process to manufacture lightweight composite structures. In our experimental studies, a Mikrosam Tape placement system with laser nip-point heating and a compliant consolidation roller has been used to quantify the limits of steering of continuous and highly aligned short fiber tapes (AS4/PEI with a fiber length of 3 mm). The minimum radius is typically limited by the compressive strain in the fiber direction that will buckle/wrinkle the inner radius of the tape. In the case of the aligned short fiber tapes, order of magnitude reduction in the minimum radius (50-100 mm) has been demonstrated by exploiting the in-plane extensibility of these tapes compared to inextensible continuous fiber (500-1000 mm). The tape deformation and path accuracy during steering experiments has been quantified using DIC methods. These results have indicated that the deformation of the compliant roller during compaction, placement and steering is a major factor. In this study, the deformation of the roller over the full range of consolidation forces (400-900 N) has been quantified to include load-deformation response, and pressure distribution within the contact area. In addition, DIC is used to measure the 3D deformation and strain fields within the roller across the width and circumference as well as to provide insight into the frictional interaction between the rubber surface and the substrate during static loading and constant velocity steering paths. A finite element model of the compliant roller is developed, and a parametric study is conducted investigating the effects of rubber durometer and friction within the rubber/substrate contact area. Relatively good correlation has been achieved using a rubber durometer of Shore hardness 45 in terms of load-deformation response. In the case of steering where the AFP head rotates, a torsional moment is imparted on the roller and the rubber is predicted to undergo shear deformation as well as compression deformation from the consolidation force. Steering of the deformable roller at 25 mm radius is simulated and shows centerline deviations of around 2 mm. To analyze the rubber deformation DIC is conducted during steering and shows that 1000 mm steering radius deforms differently from 25 mm. The results of this study show that the deformation of the roller is an important factor in controlling the tape deformation and critical for accurate path control during steering of the highly aligned short fiber tape with a small steering radius.
TO THE MESOSCALE AND BEYOND! CAPTURING COMPLEX DAMAGE MECHANISMS IN COMPOSITES VIA SIMPLE, PHYSICS-BASED, DISCRETE MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF FIBERS AND MATRIX
Authors: SALVIATO MARCO , . PHENISEE SEAN E. , DELEO ANTONIO A. , PELESSONE DANIELE , FLORES MARK
Published: November 2023

Unidirectional (UD) and 2D/3D textile composites are increasingly being employed in systems acrossed many industrial sectors including aerospace, automotive, and wind energy. This is due to the excellent specific mechanical properties and tailorability of composites, paving new avenues for structural optimization and weight savings. One of the challenges with the simulation of the mechanical response of composite materials is that their damage mechanisms depend strongly on the material micro- and mesostructures. Phenomena such as fiber micro-buckling and kinking in compression or fiber scissoring and matrix microcracking in shear in UD composites are only a few examples. Homogenized continuum models that describe these mechanisms are extremely mathematically complex, lack generality, and can only be used to fit experimental data. In fact, the constitutive equations compensate for not modeling fibers and matrix explicitly by introducing several complex equations and fitting parameters of unclear physical meaning. This makes model calibration extremely cumbersome and limits the predictive capability of the model. In reality, the modeling of damage and fracture in composite materials does not have to be complex if the physics of the micro-and mesostructures is simulated explicitly. This is the goal of the Discrete Model for Composites (DM4C), a novel discrete mesoscale modeling framework that simulates the mechanical behavior of UD and textile composites. Specifically, this framework is only based on physical laws and does not depend on element erosion to simulate fracture. As it will be shown in this presentation, in DM4C, fibers, groups of fibers, and tows are simulated explicitly as Timoshenko beam elements while the matrix is described by vectorial constitutive laws defined on the facets of a tetrahedral mesh anchored to the nodes of the beam elements. These vectorial laws describe both the elastic and inelastic behavior of the matrix, including the traction-separation laws governing the fracture process and the friction between facets governing the compressive behavior. Thanks to the facet-based formulation, fracture is modeled in a discrete way and the need for element erosion can be avoided. Furthermore, since fibers and matrix are now simulated explicitly, the constitutive laws of each material can be physics-based, simple, and with clearly defined material parameters. To demonstrate the predictive capability of the proposed framework, simulations of several typical damage mechanisms in composites will be compared to experimental data such as shear band formation in transverse compression, fiber micro-buckling and kinking in longitudinal compression, and sub-critical matrix microcraking in off-axis layers.
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF CRACK MIGRATION IN CARBON-EPOXY COMPOSITES SUBJECTED TO SHEAR LOADING
Authors: LANGLO ERIK , MOLLENHAUER DAVID , CZABAJ MICHAEL
Published: November 2023

This study investigates shear-driven intralaminar crack migration and delamination in tape-laminate carbon-epoxy composites. A new test procedure is proposed using the end-loaded-split (ELS) test configuration combined with a dual actuator load frame to control the crack migration process caused by shear loading. Several experimental ELS tests were completed to gain a full understanding of the migration process, with results indicating that the crack migrations and delaminations are repeatable and can be used for numerical validation. Numerical models were able to replicate the linear elastic response of experimental specimens but had discrepancies when simulating crack growth. Migrations could be captured but transverse damage growth and delamination following migration events gave inconsistent results.
A NEW TEST FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF INTERLAMINAR TENSILE STRENGTH OF TAPE-LAMINATE COMPOSITES
Authors: FISHER JOHN , CZABAJ MICHAEL
Published: November 2023

Interlaminar tensile strength (ZT) is an important property of polymer matrix composites (PMCs). Accurate characterization of ZT is critical for material screening, failure analysis, and design of laminates. However, current methods for determining ZT suffer from several drawbacks that prevent accurate and unambiguous measurement of this property. With this in mind, the aim of this study is to develop a new test specimen and method for accurate measurements of ZT. This new test is developed such that the measured ZT values can be directly compared to intralaminar tensile strength (YT) obtained using the same specimen geometry and batch of material. Consequently, the ZT test geometry is based on a three-point bend flexure configuration, which has been previously used to measure YT. The material orientation in the proposed specimen configuration begins with the configuration used for measuring YT, where the specimen is subjected to tensile flexure stresses along the transverse (in-plane) 2-direction. This geometry is subsequently modified by extracting the central portion of the specimen, rotating the resulting central core by 90° about the 1-direction, and reattaching it to the other two parts of the specimen using a paste adhesive. In the resulting configuration, the central portion of the specimen is subjected to tension along the 3-direction, which allows for characterization of ZT at the onset of beam failure during flexure loading. The proposed test is evaluated using two microstructurally distinct carbon/epoxy systems, namely Hexcel’s IM7/8552 and Toray’s T800/3900-2C. To obtain a sense of variability in ZT for each material, at least 30 specimens are tested per configuration. Additional testing is performed to determine whether the bonded core and the adhesive used affect the measurements of ZT. Overall, the experimental data demonstrates that the new configuration provides a reliable measure of ZT that is independent of the specimen manufacturing method. More importantly, a direct comparison between ZT and YT demonstrates that the two properties appear to be different, with ZT being the lower of the two. Although no direct links between lower values of ZT and the specimen microstructure are discovered, this effect is likely influenced by the local microstructure of each composite system, and specifically, by the presence and location of resin-rich regions relative to the tensile stresses.
ACCURATE TENSION-TENSION FATIGUE TESTING OF UNIDIRECTIONAL COMPOSITES
Authors: FAZLALI BABAK , LOMOV STEPAN V. , SWOLFS YENTL
Published: November 2023

The fatigue behavior of composites is generally described by the S-N curve of unidirectional (UD) composites. However, obtaining reliable fatigue data hinges on a test method that guarantees uniform stress distribution over the gauge section. The standard methods introduce stress concentrations close to the end tab edge and hence lead to premature failure. To find the method yielding the highest fatigue life, the current work examines different specimen configurations. The standards and two well-known configurations as well as a novel arrow-shape one are studied. The standard configuration, rectangular specimens with rectangular and tapered end tabs, yielded the highest fatigue life. Moreover, the effect of the test setup on fatigue life is investigated. The results show a considerable effect of specimen configuration and test setup on the fatigue life of UD composites. The results of this study assist reliable fatigue tests.
THREE COMMON MISTAKES IN MECHANICS OF COMPOSITES
Authors: YU WENBIN
Published: November 2023

Mechanics of composite materials is a well-established subject after active research for more than fifty decades. The two most fundamental theories in the mechanics of composites are the Rules of Mixtures (ROMs) and the Classical Lamination Theory (CLT). ROMs are the simplest micromechanics theories which are used to compute the effective properties of a composite material in terms of its constituents. CLT is the simplest structural mechanics theory to model composite laminates in terms of lamina constants and layup angles. During the course of researching and teaching the mechanics of composites for over two decades, the author has discovered three common mistakes made in most textbooks and other literature related to the mechanics of composite materials. The first mistake is that most textbooks and other literature claim an incorrect upper bound. The second mistake is the in-compatibility of the plane-stress assumption and the Kirchhoff assumption used in deriving the CLT. The third mistake is the common belief that the extension-bending coupling stiffness B must be symmetric, which is only true for laminated plates. Symmetric B is not guaranteed for curved panels or panels with microstructures featuring arbitrary heterogeneity and anisotropy, such as sandwich panels with corrugated cores or 3D woven composite panels. It is the intention of this paper to disclose these mistakes so that they will not be propagated into future generations.WENBIN YU
Comunicación y paz. La negociación entre el Gobierno de Colombia y las FARC-EP
Authors: Torres Rodríguez Jessica Fernanda
Published: November 2023

Este libro explora cómo la comunicación ha sido clave en el proceso de paz en Colombia. El texto destaca la importancia de la comunicación en la construcción de confianza y reconciliación entre las partes, y analiza las estrategias de comunicación utilizadas para lograr estos objetivos. Además, esta monografía ofrece lecciones valiosas sobre la importancia de la comunicación en la resolución de conflictos.
Data protection law to be reformed — again
Authors: Bernstein Adam
Published: November 2023

Data protection law can be tricky to navigate for businesses, and clinics are no exception. Adam Bernstein discusses what you need to know about updates in data protection law
The advantages and challenges associated with the Government's legislation for the aesthetics sector in England
Authors: Mather Linda
Published: November 2023

Regulation of the aesthetic sector is long overdue. Aesthetic nurses are standing on the threshold of a new era for aesthetic practice — they have been handed a ‘golden egg’ of opportunity, but many remain fearful that they may drop it
The importance of progesterone in pregnancy establishment in cattle
Authors: Lonergan Pat
Published: November 2023

Progesterone (P4) plays a key role in reproductive events associated with the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy through its effects on oocyte quality and its action on the uterine endometrium. Reduced P4 concentrations during growth of the ovulatory follicle are associated with lower fertility, while low concentrations of circulating P4 after ovulation have been associated with a reduction in conceptus growth and elongation, a decrease in interferon-tau production and lower pregnancy rates in cattle. In contrast, elevated concentrations of circulating P4 in the immediate post-conception period have been associated with an advancement of conceptus elongation, an increase in interferon-tau production and, in some cases, higher pregnancy rates in cattle. Despite the potential beneficial effects of exogenous P4 supplementation on fertility, results of supplementation studies have been inconsistent. This article highlights some of the recent findings in relation to embryo maternal interaction during bovine pregnancy establishment and the role of P4 in in uterine biology and embryo development.
Mortal condition in an unusual localization, analysis of isolated tongue and tongue base abscesses
Authors: Bal Kemal Koray , Gür Harun , Demir Ibrahim , Ismi Onur , Vayisoglu Yusuf , Gorur Kemal , Ozcan Cengiz , Unal Murat
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Tongue abscess (TA) is a very rare clinical condition and its treatment is very important. Surgical drainage is at the forefront in the treatment. Our study includes patients with tongue and tongue base abscesses.

AIM

To discuss the clinical and laboratory findings of these patients emphasizing the underlying causes and treatment options with the largest patient series in the English literature.

METHODS

We included patients with isolated TA who applied to our clinic between January 1, 2020 and January 1, 2023. Those who lack the recorded data, those who are not between the ages of 18-66, those who have not undergone surgery-interventional procedure, and those who have infection and/or abscess in another place were excluded from the study.

RESULTS

There were two female (18%) and nine male (82%) patients in our series consisting of 11 patients. Their ages ranged from 18 to 66, and the mean ± SD was 48.63 ± 16.3. Considering the localization of the abscess, three anterior abscesses (27%), two lateral abscesses (18%), and six abscesses at the base of the tongue (54%) were detected.

CONCLUSION

Tongue abscesses can cause acute upper airway obstruction and respiratory collapse. It may be necessary to act quickly for the tracheotomy procedure and this procedure can usually be performed under local anesthesia as intubation cannot be achieved. When we encounter an abscess in an unexpected organ, difficulties may be encountered in the management of the patient.
Effect of anesthesia induction with butorphanol on postoperative nausea and vomiting: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Xie Fang , Sun De-Feng , Yang Lin , Sun Zhong-Liang
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are common complications that affect the recovery and well-being of elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal laparoscopic surgery.

AIM

To investigate the effect of butorphanol on PONV in this patient population.

METHODS

A total of 110 elderly patients (≥ 65 years old) who underwent gastrointestinal laparoscopic surgery were randomly assigned to receive butorphanol (40 μg/kg) or sufentanil (0.3 μg/kg) during anesthesia induction in a 1:1 ratio. The measured outcomes included the incidence of PONV at 48 h after surgery, intraoperative dose of propofol and remifentanil, Bruggrmann Comfort Scale score in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU), number of compressions for postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA), and time to first flatulence after surgery.

RESULTS

The results revealed a noteworthy reduction in the occurrence of PONV at 24 h after surgery in the butorphanol group, when compared to the sufentanil group (T1: 23.64% vs 5.45%, T2: 43.64% vs 20.00%, P < 0.05). However, no significant variations were observed between the two groups, in terms of the clinical characteristics, such as the PONV or motion sickness history, intraoperative and postoperative 48-h total infusion volume and hemodynamic parameters, intraoperative dose of propofol and remifentanil, number of postoperative PCIA compressions, time until the first occurrence of postoperative flatulence, and incidence of PONV at 48 h post-surgery (all, P > 0.05). Furthermore, patients in the butorphanol group were more comfortable, when compared to patients in the sufentanil group in the PACU.

CONCLUSION

The present study revealed that butorphanol can be an efficacious substitute for sufentanil during anesthesia induction to diminish PONV within 24 h following gastrointestinal laparoscopic surgery in the elderly, simultaneously improving patient comfort in the PACU.
Persistent left superior vena cava in right hemiarch replacement under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest: A case report
Authors: Mi Ze-Yu , He Gang , Gao Hong-Li , Li Chao
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC), a relatively rare thoracic vascular malformation, can inconvenience perfusionists and operators when encountered during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA).

CASE SUMMARY

Herein, we describe the case of a patient with concurrent giant aortic arch aneurysm, aortic stenosis, and PLSVC. To treat these conditions, we performed right hemiarch and aortic valve replacements under DHCA. Notably, we applied “bilateral superior vena cava retrograde cerebral perfusion (RCP)” for cerebral protection, which significantly optimized the surgical procedure and reduced the risk of postoperative complications. The patient was discharged 14 d after surgery with no complications.

CONCLUSION

Surgical intervention for PLSVC under DHCA can be performed using the bilateral superior vena cava RCP approach.
Type II Abernethy malformation with cystic fibrosis in a 12-year-old girl: A case report
Authors: Zhang Li-Jie , Liu Xing-Yu , Chen Teng-Fei , Xu Zhong-Ya , Yin Han-Jun
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Abernethy malformation, also known as congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt, is an uncommon malformation resulting from aberrant development of the portal venous system. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disease caused by mutations in the CFTR gene. It mainly affects the exocrine glands of the respiratory, digestive and reproductive systems. It is considered extremely rare in the Asian population. We present a clinical case involving a pediatric patient of Asian descent who was diagnosed with Abernethy malformation and CF.

CASE SUMMARY

A 12-year-old girl presented with a medical history of recurring respiratory infections and hemoptysis, and chest computed tomography (CT) showed bronchiectasis. Whole exome sequencing was performed for the patient, yielding findings that revealed a compound heterozygous variant of the CFTR gene: c.233_c.234insT/p.Trp79fsTer3 (maternal origin); c.2909G>A/p.Gly970Asp (paternal origin). CF was diagnosed. The physician’s attention was drawn to the presence of splenomegaly during disease progression. Abdominal enhanced CT revealed splenomegaly, compression of the left kidney, and multiple tortuous dilated vascular shadows were seen at the splenic hilum, which flowed back into the left renal vein and portal vein, suggesting Abernethy malformation type II. Intraoperatively, the abnormal blood flow was seen to merge into the inferior vena cava through the left renal vein without hepatic processing, and the pathology of liver biopsy showed hypoplastic, dilated or absent portal vein branches, both of which supported the diagnosis of Abernethy malformation type II. This represents the initial documented instance of Abernethy malformation accompanied by a CFTR gene mutation in the existing body of literature.

CONCLUSION

Coexisting Abernethy malformation and CF are rare. Detailed medical history information, abdominal enhanced CT, venography and genetic testing contribute to diagnosis as well as differential diagnosis.
Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma misdiagnosed as lung squamous cell carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Yin Chang-Jie , Wang Guang-Jie , Su Xiao-Mei , Li Dong
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (PPLELC) is an uncommon subtype of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung, closely associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. The pathological features of PPLELC closely resemble those of SCC, which makes it prone to misdiagnosis. Surgical intervention constitutes the primary treatment approach for PPLELC.

CASE SUMMARY

This report describes a 44-year-old woman who was hospitalized for 1 mo due to left chest pain. Computed tomography revealed a mass shadow in the anterior basal segment of the left lower lobe, and a subsequent needle biopsy suggested SCC. The patient underwent radical tumor resection in the lower left lobe of the lung, and postoperative pathological examination indicated lymphoepithelial carcinoma, and the test for EBV encoded small RNA was positive. Following surgery, the patient was scheduled to receive four cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy, using the paclitaxel + carboplatin regimen, but the patient refused further treatment.

CONCLUSION

PPLELC is an exceptionally rare subtype of lung SCC and is prone to misdiagnosis.
Uterine rupture due to adenomyosis in an adolescent: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Kim Nah Ihm , Lee Ji Shin , Nam Jong Hee
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Uterine rupture is a fatal medical complication with a high mortality rate. Most cases of uterine rupture occur in late pregnancy or during labor and are mainly related to uterine scarring due to previous surgical procedures. Adenomyosis is a possible risk factor for uterine rupture. However, spontaneous uterine rupture due to severe adenomyosis in a non-gravida-teenaged female has not been reported in the literature to date.

CASE SUMMARY

A 16-year-old girl was referred to our hospital for acute abdominal pain and hypovolemic shock with a blood pressure of 90/50 mmHg. Radiologic studies revealed a huge endometrial mass with multiple nodules in the lung, suggesting lung metastasis. The patient underwent an emergency total hysterectomy and wedge resection of the lung nodules. Histologically, the uterus showed diffuse adenomyosis with glandular and stromal dissociation. Lung nodules were endometrioma with massive hemorrhage. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the tumor cells were positive for PAX8, ER, and PR expression, leading to a final diagnosis of pulmonary endometriosis and uterine adenomyosis. Following surgery, the patient remains in good condition without recurrence.

CONCLUSION

This is the first case of spontaneous uterine rupture due to adenomyosis in a non-gravida adolescent.
Multiple therapies relieve long-term tardive dyskinesia in a patient with chronic schizophrenia: A case report
Authors: Lv Liang , Guo Ping , Feng Min , Fang Yu , Wang Shi-Kai , Chen Huan-Xin
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a serious and disabling movement disorder; it impairs social function and quality of life and increases the mortality rate. TD is usually induced by the use of antipsychotic drugs; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Pharmacotherapy of TD includes cholinergic drugs, benzodiazepines, ginkgo biloba extract (GBE), antioxidants, amantadine, propanolol, botulinum toxin, valbenazine, and deutetrabenazine, whereas the non-pharmacotherapy approach includes modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) and deep brain stimulation. We successfully treated a chronic schizophrenia patient with comorbid long-term severe TD using deutetrabenazine, clozapine, and MECT.

CASE SUMMARY

A 69-year-old woman who was diagnosed as having schizophrenia 16 years ago developed severe TD after 6-mo prescription of risperidone oral solution. Her TD symptoms did not resolve despite various treatments, such as GBE, vitamin E, trihexyphenidyl, promethazine, benzodiazepines, and switching to quetiapine and olanzapine. After admission, she was given deutetrabenazine 6 mg bid. Her buccal tremor was slightly resolved 3 d later; however, her tongue remained protruded and could not be retracted. Quetiapine was switched to clozapine on day 4, and the buccal tremor remarkably resolved, and the tongue could be retracted into the mouth from day 6 onward. After three sessions of MECT, the buccal tremor resolved further. Since then, she has been able to take a semifluid diet, and her quality of life improved remarkably during 6 mo of follow-up.

CONCLUSION

TD is a serious condition which could be caused by antipsychotic medications; however, the best strategy against TD is prevention and monitoring during using antipsychotics. For patients with TD caused by antipsychotic medication use, multiple measures should be considered like switching to clozapine, adjunction with deutetrabenazine, or even MECT.
Lung ultrasound for the early diagnosis of acute lung injury: A case report
Authors: Zheng Xin , Liu Na
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

The extensive availability of ultrasound (US) technology has increased its use for point-of-care applications in many health care settings. During anaesthesia and surgery, acute respiratory failure or pulmonary oedema are common life-threatening events that, if not recognized and treated appropriately, result in a high mortality rate.

CASE SUMMARY

We report a patient under anaesthesia whose lung US examination showed multiple vertical artefacts (B-lines) in the lung tissue, indicating pulmonary oedema. The respiratory state improved with the resolution of the pulmonary oedema after our treatment.

CONCLUSION

We believe that US of the lungs may be a useful tool for dynamic respiratory monitoring at the bedside during anaesthesia.
Potential and limitations of ChatGPT and generative artificial intelligence in medical safety education
Authors: Wang Xin , Liu Xin-Qiao
Published: November 2023

The primary objectives of medical safety education are to provide the public with essential knowledge about medications and to foster a scientific approach to drug usage. The era of using artificial intelligence to revolutionize medical safety education has already dawned, and ChatGPT and other generative artificial intelligence models have immense potential in this domain. Notably, they offer a wealth of knowledge, anonymity, continuous availability, and personalized services. However, the practical implementation of generative artificial intelligence models such as ChatGPT in medical safety education still faces several challenges, including concerns about the accuracy of information, legal responsibilities, and ethical obligations. Moving forward, it is crucial to intelligently upgrade ChatGPT by leveraging the strengths of existing medical practices. This task involves further integrating the model with real-life scenarios and proactively addressing ethical and security issues with the ultimate goal of providing the public with comprehensive, convenient, efficient, and personalized medical services.
Invited Essay: Archer M. Huntington's "Dream Team"
Authors: Espinosa Noemí
Published: November 2023

Abstract: Little is known about the history of women's curatorial work in museums, particularly the work of deaf women. The contributions of Archer M. Huntington, founder of the Hispanic Society Museum and Library (HSM&L) in New York City and the women to whom he entrusted library and museum work deserve to be better known. Some of these women were deaf, and two of them, Eleanor Sherman Font and Margaret Sherman, were great-granddaughters of Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet, founder of the first public school for the deaf in the United States. These women not only worked as curators but also led overseas research expeditions. Information about the deaf women who worked at HSM&L and an examination of the philosophy of the HSM&L founder provide insight into how deaf women succeeded in this unique work, and how their contributions were crucial to consolidation of the HSM&L collections.
An Orchestrated Awakening: Latent Irish-ness at the Heart of Yeats's Seminal Work
Authors: Fowler Jaclyn Maria
Published: November 2023

Abstract: "The Lake Isle of Innisfree" is more subtle than the poet's more myth- and folklore-facing poems like "Cuchulainn's Fight with the Sea" and "A Faery Song." Yet, it fits squarely in the realm of the nineteenth-century movement known as the Celtic Revival. At its core, the movement sought to reestablish the rich artistic and folkloric traditions of the Irish that had long been outlawed under British rule. To inspire understanding of what it meant to be Irish, writers and artists of all stripes reintroduced Celtic art and dancing, music and theatre, poetry, athletics, and spiritual practices. Myth cycles and pseudo-historical figures took their places once more in the imagination of the Irish, and as a major contributor to the Celtic Revival, Yeats became the high priest of Irish-ness.
Convergence: Qualitative and Quantitative Research Methods in English Studies for Undergraduate English Majors
Authors: Kinkead Joyce
Published: November 2023

Abstract: No doubt the concept of "Writing Intensive" (WI) courses is familiar. In addition to WI, our institution also requires "Quantitative Intensive" (QI) courses for graduation, based on the belief that literacy in numbers is also important for professionals and an educated citizenry. In essence, QI means math/stat across the curriculum, paralleling writing across the curriculum. Each department is to have on the books a QI course that demonstrates how numbers apply to the field.
Symbolizing Reverence and Imperial Identity: The Elephant on the epi ton barbaron Seal
Authors: Clark Quentin
Published: November 2023

Abstract: Recent scholarship on Byzantine seals has broadened our understanding of both the practical and symbolic functions of these objects, as it primarily concerns their material, iconographic, and epigraphic content. This article focuses on one of only two known Byzantine seals featuring an image of an elephant. This eleventh-century seal belonged to an individual bearing the title “ἐπὶ τῶν βαρβάρων” ( epi ton barbaron ). Receiving little scholarly attention, this object is generally discussed in the context of other seals of the Byzantine period. I offer a new reading of this object and its image, arguing that the elephant on this seal served two primary functions: it represented its owner’s claim to imperial identity, and it also symbolized its owner’s reverence for the emperor. Through close iconographic and social art historical analysis, I examine the elephant’s use during the Roman and Byzantine periods in three distinct categories: as a motif, as material, and as a living animal. I draw upon primary texts, seals, and ivory objects of the Byzantine period to emphasize the elephant’s imperial associations. I also analyze this seal’s image in conjunction with the administrative titles present in this object’s inscription— epi ton barbaron , in particular. This article expands the ways in which both the iconographic and epigraphic content of Byzantine seals can be used to interpret the symbolic identities their owner’s often project.
Louise of Savoy’s Epistles of the Heroines as a Fashion Statement
Authors: Huang Juliet
Published: November 2023

Abstract: This article examines issues that surround portraits of ancient heroines in a manuscript commissioned by the French noblewoman Louise of Savoy at the end of the fifteenth century. With a focus on the images of Phaedra and Laodamia, this article explores how clothes worn by the sitter amplify, confirm, and transform the subject’s identity in relation to the many roles women played at the French court, such as wives and regents, and through which they exercised their influence. Through meaningful representations of dress, the manuscript emerges as a subtle commentary on contemporary court politics in light of the ancient examples and moral principles they illustrate, and in particular as an implicit and subtle argument in support of the significant role and efficacy of women in politics. The multiplicity of identity that clothing constructs for the sitter ushers in new understandings of royal- and noblewomen’s political, social, and intellectual aspirations.
Investigating Identities in Late Antiquity: A Case Study of the Roman Weapons Burial Deposit from the Sintrivani Basilica in Thessaloniki
Authors: Maniotis Errikos
Published: November 2023

Abstract: The identification of “peoples” is the oldest purpose that the study of burial rites has been made to serve. Written sources tell us that in late antiquity different peoples migrated into the Roman Empire, both in the Western and in the Eastern half. Cemetery archaeology provides one of the most important sources for early medieval social history. Weapon deposits should not be excluded from this process. The current paper investigates the armament of a soldier’s burial found in a grave attached to the so-called Sintrivani Basilica in Thessaloniki, Greece, dated to the early fifth century CE and how the study of arms and armor combined with other archaeological findings could help us to explore identities in late antiquity. The most interesting weapon of the deceased from the whole hoard is the sword that had been found bent. This striking and critical feature led me to correlate it with the ritual of “killing a weapon.” The bent sword expresses complex social statements about status and identity and functions as a clue that the soldier was a “Romanized” Goth or from another Germanic tribe who served as a mercenary (foederatus) in the imperial Roman forces. Considering the importance of the burial location, it is also clear that the deceased was a high-ranking officer of the Roman army.
Visiting a Friend on a Snowy Night: AWP Intro Journals Winner
Authors: He Chengru
Published: November 2023

Abstract: “Visiting a Friend on a Snowy Night” is a lyric poem meditating on a walk on a snowy night, alluding to the legendary story “Visiting Dai on a Snowy Night,” in which the East Jin calligrapher Wang Huizhi traveled the whole night in a small boat, but turned back just when he arrived at his artist friend Dai Kui’s door, as his impulse was gone.
Agápē, and: Birthday
Authors: Chu Jonathan W.
Published: November 2023

Abstract: “agápē” is designed as an exploration in the tension of inadequate delight. The idea that the insatiable curiosity for love remains insatiable—a selfish terror that the body cannot give what is needed, that we, in gesturing desire, lose control over ourselves completely and irremediably so. “Birthday” is a poem which unravels itself within its own grief. It refers, most cardinally, to the unshakeable pining that accompanies loss; where the body moves towards bereavement with the subconscious delusion that death is a returnable state, believing that what is ceased can be started.
The End of the Line
Authors: Stein Eugene
Published: November 2023

Abstract: Alison, a happily remarried teacher, muses on her mind-body problem, which is exacerbated by the presence of her ex-husband, a carpenter, as he completes a home improvement project for her and the daughter they share.
Chupacabra, and: Our People
Authors: Salazar Petra
Published: November 2023

Abstract: “Our People” is about the complexity of race, kinship, and community membership. “chupacabra” evokes a Latinx mythical monster to explore anger.
Love Is an Animal We Can’t Catch
Authors: Dyal K. S.
Published: November 2023

Abstract: Over the course of 24 hours, two cousins and best friends deal with the ups and downs of being single women in their thirties.
The Archer: AWP Intro Journals Project Winner, selected by Sonya Huber
Authors: Hall Jacob M.
Published: November 2023

Abstract: A lyric essay that braids research threads on Sagittarius, the Milky Way, Ptolemy, Anaximander, and black holes with a narrative section on a father’s attempted suicide. The essay focuses on curiosity, memory, and the distance between objects and people.
Night but Unlike Night, and: Peel the Black Walnut Bark like Small Fists in Our Fists
Authors: Citro Christopher
Published: November 2023

Abstract: “Night but Unlike Night” A short lyric verse poem in which a speaker sees the woodpecker he’s been only hearing for weeks and goes on to reflect on the power and the futility of communication, the limits of speech, hunger, desire, the struggle to continue living. “Peel the Black Walnut . . .” A lyric verse poem in which a speaker reflects on the change of seasons, his desire to resist loss, the fragility of love, the death of loved ones, and the beauty inherent in continuing to struggle for life.
Clouds, and: Brindisi Argonautica
Authors: Kinsella John
Published: November 2023

Abstract: These poems reflect on the impositions of the rural on non-human life and issues of agency and design.
Blackbirds
Authors: Drager Lindsey
Published: November 2023

Abstract: A short story in which a young girl in Michigan copes with the challenges of her mother’s postpartum depression.
Letter to Those Who Wanted Me
Authors: Welch Tana Jean
Published: November 2023

Abstract: This poem expresses a woman’s regret over being unfaithful to herself and her sexual identity during her youth.
Reconsidering the Sunflowers
Authors: Harrison Stephanie
Published: November 2023

Abstract: In this personal essay the author reflects on her father’s late-in-life diagnosis of the behavior variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and its possible connection with his sudden and obsessive interest in painting. She considers his identification with the troubled artist Vincent van Gogh, who in turn idolized the troubled artist Adolphe Monticelli. She also grapples with the impact her father’s disease has had on the people around him.
Confluence and Change: The Emergence of Configurations
Authors: Knoespel Kenneth J.
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT: This reflection recognizes the diligence of many colleagues and institutions that participated in founding Configurations . Founding the journal came through building on important changes in university education. Its presence enabled research between multiple disciplines and contributed to the emergence of new curricula, degrees, and critical theory. Kate Hayles and Bruno Latour were central in building the vision for the new journal, and they remain a lasting legacy for its future.
Roald Hoffmann: An Appreciation
Authors: Labinger Jay A.
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT: Roald Hoffmann’s unsurpassed accomplishments on both sides of the humanities/sciences border (which much of his career has been aimed at demolishing) have been recognized by, inter alia, the 2022 SLSA Lifetime Achievement Award and the 1981 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. His work spans a wide range of SLSA-related topics: the creative nature of science in general and chemistry in particular, the central role of narrative in scientific investigation and reporting, the nature of the scientific article, the importance of artistic representation for chemistry, and others. He has also written several science-themed plays and an extensive body of poetry, and worked to make chemistry accessible to the nonspecialist. This essay highlights some of his most significant contributions to SLSA’s mission and goals.
Thomas Prince’s Travels and the Invention of Britain
Authors: Trigg Christopher
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT: From 1709 to 1711, Thomas Prince (1687–1758), recent Harvard graduate and future minister of Boston’s Old South Church, traveled between Boston, Barbados, and London. His travel journal (now in the collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society) excerpted passages from English poetry and popular song from the previous five decades. By transcribing the works of a politically and religiously diverse range of authors (Whig and Tory, Nonconformist and Anglican), Prince made the case for a tolerant, patriotic, and cosmopolitan Britishness. In late February and early March 1710, while Prince was in London, Anglican minister Henry Sacheverell was impeached by Parliament for preaching a sermon questioning Nonconformists’ loyalty. During his trial, anti-Dissenter rioting broke out in London and spread across England and Wales. As Prince transcribed poems for and against Sacheverell, he bemoaned the factional contention that was undermining British unity. In the middle of the nineteenth century, Chandler Robbins Gilman and Chandler Robbins, both great-grandnephews of Prince, incorporated brief excerpts from his travel journal in fictional tales and sketches. Gilman and Robbins used these fragments to symbolize the cultural continuity between England, New England, and the United States, overlooking the contingency and fragility of British identity in Prince’s account.
Modern Chivalry ’s Colonialism
Authors: Brasch Ilka
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT: Hugh Henry Brackenridge’s seven-volume novel Modern Chivalry comments on and satirizes the people and politics of the early Republic. In the narrative, Indigenous characters are largely absent, yet the novel insists on the idea of their former presence. Imagined Indigenous absence in the text serves to help frontier settlers seek integration into a national whole and avoid feeling subjugated by Philadelphia’s political elites. A close analysis of the novel reveals a western perspective that aimed to colonize without being colonized. Modern Chivalry ’s publication history echoes the West’s hopes to integrate into the expansionist nation, and specific deletions from later editions of the text further erase even the idea of an Indigenous presence on the frontier. Brackenridge’s novel and its publication and editorial histories thus work in concert to effect settler colonialism and a nationally palatable literature.
The Azotobacter vinelandii AlgU regulon during vegetative growth and encysting conditions: A proteomic approach
Authors: Chowdhury-Paul Sangita , Martínez-Ortíz Iliana C. , Pando-Robles Victoria , Moreno Soledad , Espín Guadalupe , Merino Enrique , Núñez Cinthia
Published: November 2023

In the Pseduomonadacea family, the extracytoplasmic function sigma factor AlgU is crucial to withstand adverse conditions. Azotobacter vinelandii, a closed relative of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, has been a model for cellular differentiation in Gram-negative bacteria since it forms desiccation-resistant cysts. Previous work demonstrated the essential role of AlgU to withstand oxidative stress and on A. vinelandii differentiation, particularly for the positive control of alginate production. In this study, the AlgU regulon was dissected by a proteomic approach under vegetative growing conditions and upon encystment induction. Our results revealed several molecular targets that explained the requirement of this sigma factor during oxidative stress and extended its role in alginate production. Furthermore, we demonstrate that AlgU was necessary to produce alkyl resorcinols, a type of aromatic lipids that conform the cell membrane of the differentiated cell. AlgU was also found to positively regulate stress resistance proteins such as OsmC, LEA-1, or proteins involved in trehalose synthesis. A position-specific scoring-matrix (PSSM) was generated based on the consensus sequence recognized by AlgU in P. aeruginosa, which allowed the identification of direct AlgU targets in the A. vinelandii genome. This work further expands our knowledge about the function of the ECF sigma factor AlgU in A. vinelandii and contributes to explains its key regulatory role under adverse conditions.