bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermal analysis of molten salts and their mixtures with metals
Authors:   NETZSCH-Gerätebau GmbH, Sergeev D , Qi J ,   Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Gezgin S ,   NETZSCH-Gerätebau GmbH, Rapp D ,   NETZSCH-Gerätebau GmbH, Lichtinger A ,   NETZSCH-Gerätebau GmbH, Beckstein F ,   NETZSCH-Gerätebau GmbH, Müller M ,   Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
Published: September 2024

Salts and their mixtures play an important role for industrial and energy sectors, eg metallurgy, biomass gasification and combustion, nuclear and solar powerplants and electrochemical processes. Depending on the composition of salts (eg Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+ // NO3-, F-, Cl-, CO32-, SO42-, etc), the temperature range for different applications can vary starting from room temperature and going up to 1500°C. For the proper design and modelling of heat exchangers and other equipment, it is necessary to have reliable and validated data sets of thermophysical properties. The 50 mol per cent NaNO3 – 50 mol per cent KNO3 salt mixture as a well-studied composition was selected for validation of relevant thermophysical properties (heat capacity, enthalpy of phase transitions, thermal expansion, viscosity and thermal conductivity). To study these properties of the liquid phase, special crucibles and approaches should be implemented. Verification of these crucibles for different methods (differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermomechanical analysis (TMA), laser flash analysis (LFA) and rheometers) has been performed. The low thermal conductivity of salts is one of the main problems in implementing latent heat storage. In this project, the authors intend to develop a fundamental solution to this problem using chemically bonded metals with salts. These are known as metal-salt solutions. To fit the main parameters of new phase change materials to the requirements of thermal energy storage, a wide variety of possible combinations should be considered. CALPHAD modelling is used together with thermal analysis for the development of a consistent thermodynamic database including chloride salts (Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca // Cl) and corresponding metals (Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca). The results of the study of quasi-binary and multicomponent metal-salt (eg Mg-KCl and Ca-KCl) systems as well as the selection of suitable crucible materials and challenges by studying of these systems will be discussed.
Prognostic models for electroslag remelting process and slag engineering
Authors:   Tianjin Heavy Industries Research and Development Co, Ltd & EO Paton Electric Welding Institute of NASU, Stovpchenko G , Medovar L ,   Tianjin Heavy Industries Research and Development Co, Ltd & EO Paton Electric Welding Institute of NASU, Lisova L ,   Technical University of Munich & EO Paton Electric Welding Institute of NASU, Stepanenko D ,   ZI Nekrasov Iron and Steel Institute NASU, Togobitskaya D ,   I Nekrasov Iron and Steel Institute NASU
Published: September 2024

Classical electroslag remelting of consumable electrodes is a drop-by-drop melt feeding through a slag layer into a renewing molten metal bath, slowly solidifying into a homogeneous, dense, defect-free ingot in a copper water-cooled mould. The new look at the additive nature of the electroslag remelting (ESR) process in a protective atmosphere allowed us to formulate the principles of a comprehensive thermodynamic-based model that can predict dynamic changes in slag and metal composition at certain ingot remelting. The model considers drastically different slag-to-metal mass ratios at the beginning and end of remelting and predicts gas, slag and metal composition in a chain of thermodynamic subsystems. Despite consisting of calcium fluoride and stable oxides, the ESR slag can oxidise main and active elements from steel and alloys (primarily aluminium, titanium and silicon) due to chemical reactions between slag and metal. ESR is not an electrochemical process in its nature. However, slags are ionic melts and deviation in their composition causes a change in their properties, affecting both operation mode and ingot quality. Another important understanding derived from the modern metallurgy technological route is that the ability to refine metal from impurities is not a priority for the ESR because consumable electrode has already passed all stages of refining and deep degassing at ladle treatment that changes ESR slags engineering principles. The critical importance became slag’s ability to generate process heat and keep the melting composition in the metal bath unchanged (except for non-metallic inclusions assimilation). Slag engineering for ESR required a compromise between chemical inertness to a metal composition and desired physical properties deriving from technological reasons. The Directed Chemical Bonds Concept (DCBC) in a multicomponent oxide system was used to build predictive models of electric conductivity and the melting temperature of fluoride-oxide slag based on their chemical composition. Both models help to design a customised composition of effective slags for steel and alloy groups or individual grades, and they are significant steps in the development of a comprehensive model of electroslag remelting.
On the development of a viscosity model for molten multicomponent slag systems with several glass-forming, amphoteric and modifier oxides
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Zhomin G M , Arkhipin A S ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kondratiev A ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: September 2024

Viscosity of multicomponent slags is one of the crucial physicochemical properties for many industrial processes and technologies. While the viscosity-temperature relationship of completely molten slags can well be described by an Arrhenian-type law, the compositional dependence of viscosity is still not fully understood, especially in compositional regions with the lack of experimental data (eg at the glass-former concentration of 90 molar per cent or higher). In the present work major compositional relationships of the activation energy of viscous flow have been revised for numerous binary and ternary slag systems on the basis of experimental data collected and stored in the viscosity database OxiVis. For example, it has been found that the activation energy relevant to the polymerisation effect in binary systems of the MO-GFO type, where MO is the modifier oxide (ie monovalent K2O, Na2O, Li2O and bivalent CaO, MgO, BaO, MnO, PbO etc) and GFO is the glass-forming oxide (SiO2 or B2O3) is not always proportional to the third power of XGFO (contrary to the Urbain formalism) and can vary significantly dependent on the slag system. Also, the activation energy of the charge compensation effect has been revised for ternary systems of the AO-MO-GFO and AO-MO type, where AO is the amphoteric oxide (Al2O3, Fe2O3 or other). A simple polynomial model has been proposed on the basis of the carried-out analysis for estimation of viscosities of multicomponent slag systems. The model has been optimised against the experimental viscosities in the selected binary, ternary, and higher-order oxide systems and has been shown reasonable agreement with the experimental data.
Manufacturing of FeSiB high-temperature phase change material by silicothermic reduction
Authors:   Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Jiao J , Wallin M ,   Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Polkowski W ,   Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Tangstad M ,   Norwegian University of Science and Technology
Published: September 2024

Fe-26Si-9B (wt per cent) alloy has been identified as a potential high-temperature phase change material (PCM) due to its attractive properties, such as its high latent heat of fusion and low volumetric change during solid/liquid transition. For the successful utilisation of this alloy into thermal energy storage (TES) systems, the development of a cost-effective production method is essential. Presently, the Fe-26Si-9B alloy is produced by mixing FeSi alloys with either pure boron element or FeB alloys. However, the use of pure boron is financially prohibitive, and the carbothermic reduction results in high greenhouse gas emissions and high energy consumption in the production of FeB alloys. In this regard, our study proposes a silicothermic reduction method to produce Fe-26Si-9B PCM by using FeSi alloys and B2O3-based oxides. Accordingly, the influence of various parameters on the production process was investigated, including operating temperature, holding time, B2O3 content in the added oxides, and initial Slag/Metal (S/M) ratio. Based on the experimental results, the optimal parameters for producing FeSiB alloys with over 9 wt per cent boron were determined. Consequently, it was documented that the FeSi alloys and the added oxides enriched with 50–65 wt per cent B2O3 should be subjected to temperatures ranging from 1550–1650°C, maintain an initial S/M ratio exceeding 1, and ensure a holding duration beyond 1 hr. Moreover, the energy consumption of this process was estimated to be ~1.86 MWh/t metal and the mass loss was lower than 7 per cent. Therefore, silicothermic reduction offers a sustainable approach for producing FeSiB alloys with a boron content above 9 wt per cent.
Sulfur loss from the slag during desulfurisation of liquid steel
Authors:   JSW Steel, Sharma A , Jain M ,   JSW Steel, Kumar S ,   Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Karosiya S ,   Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Pande M M ,   Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Viswanathan N N ,   Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Kumar D ,   Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
Published: September 2024

Desulfurisation of steel during ladle refining is governed by both thermodynamics and kinetics. For effective desulfurisation, thermodynamically, a low partial pressure of oxygen at the steel-slag interface and highly basic slag which possess a large sulfide capacity are desired. Kinetically, the mass transfer coefficient of sulfur in the liquid steel and in the slag determines the rate of desulfurisation. A fast desulfurisation rate is achieved by maintaining sufficiently strong argon stirring of the melt. In the present work, sulfur mass balance for steel and slag was performed after the desulfurisation treatment for several industrial heats. The decrease in the sulfur quantity of the liquid steel was more than the increase in the sulfur quantity of the slag. The discrepancy in the sulfur mass balance suggests that the sulfur could be transferred to: (a) the gas (via slag) phase; or to (b) the refractory (crucible) phase. The preliminary investigation of the refractory samples taken at slag-refractory and steel-refractory interface showed no interaction of sulfur with the refractory. Therefore, the possibility of sulfur transfer to the gas phase was verified by carrying out melting experiments of sulfur containing slag in an argon/air atmosphere. Sulfur containing slag was initially melted in an MgO-C crucible under an argon atmosphere followed by creating the air atmosphere just above the melt. Careful sampling and analysis from the cold spots of the crucible, much above the melt surface, revealed formation of a fibrous structure. Scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analysis of these fibrous deposits confirmed the presence of oxides and sulfides. Oxidation of sulfur containing slag under air atmosphere was also performed using a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) set-up. It showed a constant sulfur loss in the range of 1300–1500°C. Thermodynamic calculations carried out using FactSage™ ver 8.3 for these experimental conditions are in good agreement with the observed results.
Effect of liquefaction controlling components in carbon-free mould powder for the continuous casting of ultra-low carbon steels
Authors:   Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Gruber N
Published: September 2024

In the continuous casting of ultralow carbon (ULC) steels, free carbon is used to control the melting behaviour of mould powders. If the carbon is not completely removed during melting, it is enriched at the top of the slag pool. Liquid steel may come into contact with this layer because of the turbulence of the molten metal, resulting in its recarburisation, which negatively affects the desired product quality. Thus, a reduction in carbon input is desirable. For this purpose, SiC and/or Si3N4 with and without antioxidants were selected as melt-control additives to replace carbon in the mould powders. Thermodynamic calculations were performed to quantify their effect on the melting behaviour based on the chemical composition of a flux already applied to ULC steels. To experimentally assess the liquefaction behaviour, laboratory mould powders were prepared and annealed in steel crucibles closed with a lid. Crucibles were inserted into a furnace that was already preheated to selected temperatures between 900–1200°C for 10 mins and quenched to room temperature. Subsequently, the samples were mineralogically investigated. The results confirmed those obtained from the thermodynamic calculations. Si3N4, and SiC in particular, are suitable raw materials for delaying the solid-solid reactions of raw material components during melting. Owing to their stability at high temperatures, the necessary SiO2 content to form a liquid phase is not available, resulting in lower amounts of the liquid phase. The addition of antioxidants to delay the oxidation of SiC further reduces this positive effect. Attempts to decrease the SiC content without negatively affecting the melting behaviour resulted in a reduction in the CO2 emission by at least 27 g CO2/kg of mould powder when compared to the carbon-containing standard mould powder. These investigations revealed differences in the melting behaviours of granules and loose powders, which are related to their respective production processes.
Effects of Inflation on the Rate of Returns of Commercial Real Estate Investment in South-South Geopolitical Zone of Nigeria
Authors: Ekpo Mbosowo Ebong , Akpan Kufre Ekereke , Nissi Chicheta Francis
Published: September 2024

Commercial real estate investment returns have now taken on a greater significance in the development of the economy of any nation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of inflation on the rate of returns in the south-south geopolitical zone of Nigeria. In order to attain the stated aim, the following objectives were set; to examine the inflationary trend in the study area; to determine the rate of returns of commercial properties in the study area and to establish a relationship between the inflation rate and rate of returns of commercial properties in the study area. The research employed the survey design. The independent variable was the inflation rate while the dependent variable was the rate of returns. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were employed in the analysis of the data, with the help of the SPSS and Microsoft Excel software. Primary data for this research was obtained from Estate Surveyors and Valuers in the study area through questionnaire survey. The data comprising rental and capital values of commercial real estate was subsequently translated to returns using the Holding Period Returns formula. Similarly, secondary data about inflation rates for the period between 2014 and 2023 were collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria. The research adopted the stratified random sampling technique to divide the South-South geopolitical zone of Nigeria into six (6) strata: each stratum representing each state and the data used for the research were analysed using simple linear regression model. The research found out that there was a persistent year-to-year rise in the rate of inflation. The research also found out that the highest return rate was observed in Bayelsa in 2014 when the rate of inflation was the lowest at 8.05%. On the other hand, in 2022, the lowest return was recorded in Edo State as 10.20 when the inflation rate rose to 18.85%. The study also presented the result of a simple linear regression analysis conducted between the actual inflation rates and the rate of returns of each of the six states. The study concluded that there was a statistically significant relationship between inflation rate and rate of return of commercial properties in each of the six states constituting the south-south geopolitical zones of Nigeria. The investment information provided in this study has significant implications for both local and foreign investors desiring to invest in the Nigerian commercial real estate market.
Impact of Natural, Physical and Human Capital Formation on Economic Growth in Pakistan: An ARDL Analysis
Authors: Ishfaq Mubasher , Rasool Adnan , Muzammil Asghar Muhammad , Karim Sana , Ahmad Rashid
Published: September 2024

Attaining sustained economic growth is one of the key objectives of any country to improve the well-being of its people and strengthen its economic position in the world. Capital formation is one of the crucial factors of economic growth as it promotes productivity, efficiency, and higher output growth. Therefore, this paper intends to analyze the impact of natural, physical, and human capital formation on economic growth in Pakistan by employing annual time series data from 1971 to 2020. Different econometric approaches such as unit root test, bound test, and ARDL model are utilized to estimate the results. The study found that labor force participation rate, physical capital, human capital, natural capital, FDI, and financial development are positively associated with economic growth in Pakistan. Instead of FDI, all the variables are found to be significantly related to economic growth in Pakistan. Considering the study’s findings, it is concluded that capital formation is essential to progress the economy of Pakistan, so policymakers must concentrate on investing in physical infrastructure, improvement in health and educational facilities, and efficient utilization of natural resources to promote economic growth.
Robust Estimation of Variance Using Supplementary Information
Authors: -Ul-Ain Sajid Durrani Qurat , Ali Nasir , Shahzad Usman , Hanif Muhammad , Ghaffar Sehresh
Published: September 2024

This study introduces robust exponential ratio-type estimators for finite population variance, incorporating the minimum covariance determinant (M.C.D.) and minimum volume ellipsoid (M.V.E.) robust covariance matrices in the context of simple random sampling. We utilize a first-order approximation to derive expressions for the bias and mean square error (M.S.E.) of these proposed estimators. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature, it is evident that these robust estimators outperform other alternatives in terms of efficiency. Both the M.C.D. and M.V.E. methods are known for their resilience to outliers, making them particularly effective when such anomalies are present in the data. Simulation studies and empirical results consistently demonstrate that the proposed robust exponential ratio-type estimators yield lower mean square errors compared to traditional estimators under simple random sampling. Additionally, the efficiency of these estimators is further validated through simulated studies and real-world data sets. Theoretical analysis and numerical evidence collectively affirm that the proposed class of estimators consistently outperforms competing methods across various scenarios.
Analysis of Dumpling House Msmes From The Perspective of Mc Kinsey 7s
Authors: Salim Elizabeth Gina Mitayanny , Harianto Eric
Published: September 2024

Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSMEs) play a significant role in Indonesia's economy, absorbing up to 97% of the workforce. Particularly, the food and beverage sector within MSMEs has shown substantial growth, indicating high potential in the industry. However, intense competition poses challenges, necessitating a competitive edge for sustained growth. This paper examines the case of Dumpling House, an MSME in the frozen food sector, which initially experienced rapid expansion but faced challenges due to the evolving business landscape. Using the McKinsey 7s framework, the internal analysis reveals areas for improvement in strategy, structure, system, shared values, skills, style, and staff. While Dumpling House demonstrates strengths in certain areas, such as product quality and employee camaraderie, there are evident gaps in strategic planning, leadership, and system optimization. The study suggests enhancing management insights, conducting regular evaluations, strengthening leadership roles, and addressing identified issues comprehensively to facilitate Dumpling House's continued growth and success.
International marketing mix for export in the seafood sector of the Riohacha DETC
Authors: Cantillo Campo Nair , Pedraza Reyes Carlos Julio
Published: September 2024

Companies, especially SMEs, seek access to international markets in search of economic development as a factor of sustainability and competitiveness. The objective of this paper was to analyze the importance of the international marketing mix for export in the seafood sector of the Special Tourist and Cultural District (STCD) of Riohacha. Methodologically, this research is descriptive and is framed in a quantitative paradigm. The population was composed of 14 managers of fishmongers registered in the Chamber of Commerce of Riohacha. The results indicate that, in terms of products, the marketers recognize that they are competitive for the foreign market. In relation to price, transactions in foreign currencies such as dollars are adequate and competitive. Regarding distribution channels, there are adequate means to export and maintain the cold chain. However, in terms of communication strategies, it was observed that no company has effective tools to make itself known abroad. It is concluded that the entrepreneurs perceive that their products are in demand in the destination markets and that prices and distribution channels are adequate, although the latter could be improved. However, their means and forms of communication are not being used effectively
Productivity and Impact of the Scientific Production on Human-Computer Interaction in Scopus from 2018 to 2022
Authors: Gonzalez-Argote Javier , Castillo-González William
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Bibliometrics plays a crucial role in scientific research by providing valuable insights and guiding future research endeavors.Objective: To assess the productivity and impact of the worldwide scientific production on HCI in Scopus (2018-2022).Method: A descriptive observational bibliometric study of scientific production on HCI in Scopus (2018-2022) was conducted. A population of 178,914 documents in the “Human-Computer Interaction” research area was identified using SciVal. All data were extracted from SciVal. IBM SPSS Statistics 27 was used to determine Pearson's correlation coefficients, with statistical significance for p < 0.05.Results: The number of documents (Ndoc) and field-weighted citation impact (FWCI) showed a quantitative increase during the period studied. The highest Ncit corresponded to the oldest documents. Conference papers and articles were the main types of documents. ACM International Conference Proceeding Series led the list of sources in both Ndoc and Ncit. The highest FWCI corresponded to Computers in Human Behavior. A positive and statistically significant correlation (r = 0.494, p < 0.001) was found between the authors’ Ndoc and Ncit and between the countries’ Ndoc and Ncit (r = 0.967, p < 0.001). China was the most productive country while the United States led in terms of Ncit and FWCI. International collaboration was the most common type of collaboration.Conclusions: The examination of the scientific production revealed a trend characterized by quantitative expansion. This, coupled with impact indicators reliant on citations, substantiates the prominence of the investigated research domain
Reconstruction of the history of the agroecological transition experience: El Cananguchal case in the municipality of Florencia, Caquetá.
Authors: Medina-Castañeda Paola Andrea , Toledo-Garzón Ingrith Mirlency , Sánchez Castillo Verenice
Published: September 2024

The present investigation was carried out in order to reconstruct the history of the property "El Cananguchal" of the Ortegón Jiménez family in relation to the process of agroecological transition that takes place in it. The information was collected through interviews and participant observation on the property, later, it was processed in the Atlas.ti version 23 software through two types of analysis (exploratory and deductive). Among the main findings is that the agroecological experience has the purpose of reconsidering different agroecological productive events aimed at promoting improvements in the quality of life in homes, related to food sovereignty, food security and economic capacity from maintenance. uniform agricultural production to meet demand and improve development.
Identification of management practices in broiler chicken producers in the Ceibas Arriba village, San Vicente del Caguán, Caquetá
Authors: Trujillo Becerra Lina Fernanda , Ortiz Guaca Niyireth , Castañeda Gutiérrez Juan Pablo , Sánchez Castillo Verenice
Published: September 2024

Broiler production is a globally relevant agricultural activity, with chicken meat being one of the most consumed meat products worldwide. In 2018, per capita consumption experienced an increase, led by countries such as Brazil, Israel, the United States and Colombia. At the continental level, the Americas produced around 48.4 million tons of chicken meat, with Brazil as the largest contributor. A significant increase in global chicken meat consumption is expected by 2030, according to FAO. Despite the growth of Colombia's poultry industry, the department of Caquetá has a modest share of national production. San Vicente del Caguán, traditionally focused on livestock, is experiencing growth in poultry production, driven in part by the presence of a veterinary school. In the village of Ceibas Aribas Arriba, about 20 families are engaged in intermittent broiler production. They face challenges such as high feed costs, susceptibility to disease, sudden death and marketing difficulties. Although some families have experienced losses, others have managed to recover with the support of other production systems. Given these challenges, there is a need for research to understand the factors that affect poultry production in this region of San Vicente del Caguán. Poultry farming, despite its influence on the local economy, faces obstacles that limit its development.
Relevance of ultrasound detection and assessment of vascular calcifications in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Auza-Santivañez Jhossmar Cristians , Apaza-Huanca Blas , Diaz-Guerrero Jose Luis , Vallejos-Rejas Daniel Ramiro Elías , Zelaya-Espinoza Yenifer , Vargas-Gallego Ismael , Sosa Remón Ariel
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects approximately 10% of the Spanish population and constitutes an independent cardiovascular risk factor. Vascular calcifications, especially in the abdominal aorta, are significantly associated with increased cardiovascular mortality in patients with CKD. This systematic review evaluates the evidence on the usefulness of ultrasound to detect and assess vascular calcifications in patients with CKD, and its relevance as a cardiovascular risk factor.Methods: A systematic search of multiple electronic databases was conducted until July 2024. Original studies published between 2000 and 2024 evaluating the use of ultrasound to detect vascular calcifications in adult patients with CKD at any stage were included. Reviews, letters, editorials, animal studies and those not published in English or Spanish were excluded. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for observational studies and the Cochrane tool for clinical trials.Results: Twenty-eight studies were included with a total of 50 to 3,000 participants per study. Most were observational studies, with 3 randomised clinical trials. Ultrasound showed good correlation with computed tomography (r=0.65-0.82) to quantify aortic and femoral calcifications. The presence of aortic calcifications was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.8-3.2) in patients with advanced CKD and on haemodialysis. Iliac/femoral calcifications were associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events (RR 1.6-2.4) in patients with stage 3-5 CKD. Incorporation of ultrasound assessment of calcifications into CKD-specific risk algorithms significantly improved their predictive performance.Discussion: Ultrasonography emerges as a valuable tool for the detection of vascular calcifications due to its non-invasive nature, low cost and ability to perform repeated assessments. However, limitations such as heterogeneity in assessment methods, variable sample sizes and lack of long-term follow-up in some studies were identified. Further research is needed to standardise protocols and assess the long-term impact of interventions based on ultrasound detection of calcifications.Conclusions: Ultrasonography is an effective and accessible tool for detecting and assessing vascular calcifications in patients with CKD, providing relevant prognostic information for cardiovascular risk stratification. Its consideration as a first-line tool in nephrological practice is recommended. However, large-scale prospective studies are needed to definitively validate its prognostic value in different stages of CKD and to evaluate the efficacy of early interventions based on these findings.
Unveiling the Power of the Internet of Things: Exploring Services, Applications, and Overcoming Challenges
Authors: Dinkar Amit Kumar , Haque Alimul , Hossain Alamgir , Raza Shams , Rahman Moidur , Choudhary Ajay Kumar
Published: September 2024

The Internet of Things (IoT) has transcended its futuristic perception and become an omnipresent reality. Its pervasive nature encompasses devices, sensors, clouds, big data, and business interactions. This revolutionary concept amalgamates traditional embedded systems with wireless microsensors, automation-driven control systems, and other elements to establish a vast infrastructure. The integration of wireless communication, micro electro mechanical devices, and the Internet has given rise to novel IoT applications. The IoT is essentially a network of interconnected objects accessible through the Internet, each object uniquely identifiable. The advent of IPv6, superseding IPv4, plays a pivotal role in expanding the address space for IoT development. The primary objective of IoT applications is to imbue objects with intelligence, eliminating the need for human intervention. However, the proliferation of smart nodes and the exponential data generated by each node present new challenges pertaining to data privacy, scalability, security, manageability, and other critical issues, which we delve into in this comprehensive exploration
Detection of diabetic retinopathy using artificial intelligence: an exploratory systematic review
Authors: Injante Richard , Julca Marck
Published: September 2024

Diabetic retinopathy is a disease that can lead to vision loss and blindness in people with diabetes, so its early detection is important to prevent ocular complications. The aim of this study was to analyze the usefulness of artificial intelligence in the detection of diabetic retinopathy. For this purpose, an exploratory systematic review was performed, collecting 77 empirical articles from the Scopus, IEEE, ACM, SciELO and NIH databases. The results indicate that the most commonly used factors for the detection of diabetic retinopathy include changes in retinal vascularization, macular edema and microaneurysms. Among the most commonly applied algorithms for early detection are ResNet 101, CNN and IDx-DR. In addition, some artificial intelligence models are reported to have an accuracy ranging from 90% to 95%, although models with accuracies below 80% have also been identified. It is concluded that artificial intelligence, and in particular deep learning, has been shown to be effective in the early detection of diabetic retinopathy, facilitating timely treatment and improving clinical outcomes. However, ethical and legal concerns arise, such as privacy and security of patient data, liability in case of diagnostic errors, algorithmic bias, informed consent, and transparency in the use of artificial intelligence.
Use of artificial intelligence in nursing
Authors: Valencia-Contrera Miguel , Rivera-Rojas Flérida , Villa-Velasquez Jenifer , Cancino-Jiménez Daniella
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Artificial Intelligence (AI) encompasses technologies such as machine learning and neural networks, with applications across various fields. The World Health Organization recognizes its potential to enhance healthcare, yet emphasizes the need to address ethical considerations in its implementation. In nursing, AI has the potential to increase autonomy and efficiency in care, though its use remains limited and poorly understood within the profession.Objective: To analyze the use of AI in nursing by evaluating its impact on care functions, administrative tasks, educational activities, and research.Methods: A literature review was conducted, including original articles, reviews, and bibliometric studies. The research focused on AI applications across the four primary functions of nursing.Results: AI has demonstrated benefits in predictive analytics and improving patient care efficiency, as well as in administrative management and patient classification. In education, generative AI facilitates the development of educational materials, although it presents risks of bias. In research, AI serves as an assistant in data search and analysis, despite facing ethical and methodological challenges.Conclusions: AI has the potential to significantly transform nursing practice, enhancing both the quality and efficiency of care. However, its integration necessitates careful management to address its limitations and ensure a positive impact in the field.
Assessment of medical interns in India using Directly Observed Procedural Skills in the workplace
Authors: Londhey Vikram , Londhe Charulata
Published: September 2024

Internship is an appropriate time for enhancement and assessment of clinical skills. This study was undertaken with an objective to assess the interns at their workplace by DOPS for the procedural skill of blood collection. Mean scores of DOPS rating increased from 1st DOPS (5.45±0.43) to 2nd DOPS (7.56±0.51) and were sustained during the 3rd DOPS (7.84±0.34). Confidence levels and satisfaction of interns increased from 72% to 88% to 95% by third DOPS. DOPS tests the ability to perform a particular procedure in a real-life clinical setting. This study shows that DOPS is one of the useful tools in WPBA.
Exploring the determinants of community-oriented health professions education: A narrative review
Authors: Talaat Wagdy , Hamed Omayma
Published: September 2024

Background: Community-oriented education is increasingly prioritized in health professions curricula, but evidence on determinants for effective implementation is dispersed. This study aimed to synthesize the key determinants to guide curriculum design, implementation and evaluation. Methods: This narrative review searched PubMed and Scopus databases for relevant studies which were screened against eligibility criteria. The main search terms that were utilized: (community* or “communityoriented” or “community-oriented curriculum” AND “health professions” OR “health professions education”). Determinants were extracted, analyzed thematically, and synthesized narratively. A concept framework was developed to visualize relationships between determinants. Results: Of 2789 records screened, 88 studies were included. Determinants were organized into eight themes: community needs´ relevance, priority health problems, integration level, community involvement, cultural sensitivity, social accountability, health systems science, and collaboration with organizations. Determinants centered on aligning education with local contexts and priorities through engaged partnerships. The relationships between determinants were suggested. Discussion: This study presents a preliminary framework of determinants crucial for effective community oriented education in health professions curricula. The expected hurdles were discussed and mitigating actions were suggested. Eight key themes were synthesized from disparate literature sources that underscore the importance of aligning educational initiatives with local contexts and emphasizing partnerships with communities. While this proposed framework provides a valuable starting point, further rigorous inquiry and validation through systematic reviews are necessary to establish definitive determinants.
Seeing people, not patients: a strength-based approach to health and healing through asset mapping
Authors: Nanez Jennifer , Fleg Shannon , Covington Tonya , Fleg Anthony
Published: September 2024

A deficits model is the cornerstone for health professions education, practice and scholarship. Focusing on diseases, addictions, social risk factors, and other deficits leads us to see medicalized beings with problems, also known as “patients”. This approach does particular harm to those who come from marginalized communities, groups who have always been viewed through the deficits lens by their colonizers/oppressors. When we focus on understanding strengths—including culture, language, resilience, skills, and resources we can begin to see "people" as full human beings possessing the tools necessary for their own healing. This approach, also known as “asset mapping”, will allow us to provide more effective, decolonized care, and will open the door to deeper healing for all involved.
What are the Impacts of Food Losses on the Nutrition?
Authors: Todorova Stela , Haralampiev Kaloyan
Published: September 2024

Reducing food loss and waste is enshrined in Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12 on Responsible Consumption and Production, and specifically in target 12.3, which seeks, by 2030, to halve per capita global food waste at the retail and consumer levels and reduce food losses along production and supply chains, including post-harvest losses. Food loss is for any food removed from the supply chain between maturity and sale, including inedible parts as these are integral to the marketed product. The main hypothesis is that the greater the loss of food, the less the supply of food per capita will be, from where the possibilities for feeding the population decrease. Based on data from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), a mediation analysis will be performed with food losses as independent variables, with dependent variables measuring population nutrition and mediator variables measuring per capita food supply. Various survey methods have been applied, secondary data analysis, сimultaneous equations model(SEM), mediation analysis, as well as desktop research. The results of the study showed that the relationships between Losses Animal Products and the mediator variables are positive – greater losses lead to greater per capita supply. The relationships between per capita supply and prevalence of undernourishment are negative – larger per capita supply leads to a smaller prevalence of undernourishment.
Peningkatan motivasi dan hasil belajar peserta didik melalui multimedia pembelajaran interaktif (MPI) pada materi menjauhi perilaku takabur
Authors: Munsoji Munsoji
Published: September 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat motivasi dan hasil belajar peserta didik melalui mutimedia pembelajaran interaktif pada materi menjahui perilaku takabur. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (Classroom Action Research) yang dilakukan secara kolaborasi antara peneliti, kepala sekolah dan guru atau teman sejawat. Prosedur penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam kegiatan yang berbentuk siklus dengan mengacu pada model spiral dari Kemmis dan Tagart. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa melalui model pembelajaran kooperatif dengan teknik Video comment, peserta didik mampu mengkonstruksi pengetahuannya sendiri, mengidentifikasi tahapan dalam menemukan jawaban atas suatu topik, baik secara individu maupun kelompok.
Efektivitas metode sorogan terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik dalam pembelajaran al Qur`an
Authors: Nurokhmiyati Nurokhmiyati
Published: September 2024

Untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran yang optimal dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar di kelas, seorang pendidik memerlukan strategi mengajar yang tepat. Gaya mengajar merupakan faktor terpenting yang harus diperhatikan oleh pendidik agar siswa dapat menyerap dengan benar informasi yang disampaikan oleh pendidik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendemonstrasikan efisiensi pendekatan sorogan dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas VII C SMP Negeri 5 Depok Sleman dalam pembelajaran Al-Qur'an. Langkah-langkah metodologi dalam penelitian ini meliputi mengidentifikasi masalah melalui angket tentang pembelajaran Al Qur`an dan pretest kemampuan belajar Al Qur`an. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dengan mengumpulkan dan menilai hasil pekerjaan peserta didik. Data tersebut kemudian dibandingkan. Hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan metode sorogan dalam pembelajaran Al Quran berhasil sangat baik dan efektif. Setelah diadakan tindakan pada kedua siklus penerapan metode sorogan dalam pembelajaran Al Quran terbukti dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik.
Strategi pembelajaran tarikh dan kebudayaan Islam melalui model pembelajaran kooperatif menggunakan Quinn Card pada siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 2 Wonosari Gunungkidul
Authors: Karyono Panggung
Published: September 2024

Upaya meningkatkan hasil belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam dengan implementasi penggunaan Media Peta Konsep pada siswa kelas VIIIB SMP N 2 Wonosari Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penggunaan Media Peta Konsep untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa, apa kelebihan dan kelemahannya, serta bagaimana efektivitasnya yang dilaksanakan di kelas VIIIB SMP N 2 Wonosari Gunungkidul. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan dalam dua siklus, dimana setip siklus memuat kegiatan perencanaan, pelaksanaan. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah seperangkat tes dan pengumpulan data dengan tes pula.Analisis data menggunakanrerata skor, data prestasi dari tes dengan persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan penggunaan media peta konsep secara tepat dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa Mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam kelas VIIIB SMP N 2 Wonosari Gunungkidul tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 Model pembelajaran dengan penggunaan Media Peta Konsep memiliki kelebihan yaitu siswa langsung membuat bagan dari materi pelajaran, sehingga para siswa lebih mudah dlam memahami materi pelajaran. Kelemahannya yaitu perlu persiapan yang matang, para siswa dalam membuat peta konsep belum tentu sekali jadi perlu adanya latihan. Penggunaan media Peta konsep terbukti sangat efektif dalam upaya meningkatkah hasil belajar siswa.
Upaya peningkatan prestasi belajar PAI materi wudhu melalui metode demonstrasi pada siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Wates
Authors: Kadarsih Sri
Published: September 2024

Kemampuan praktik wudhu merupakan kunci utama untuk ibadah selanjutnya yaitu sholat, baik sholat wajib maupun sunat. Wudhu merupakan perbuatan yang disyaratkan dengan tegas berdasarkan dalil dalam Al-Qur’an Allah SWT, sehingga materi ini sangat penting disampaikan kepada para siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan praktik-praktik pembelajaran di kelas terutama materi wudhu. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa Kelas VII C SMP Negeri 1 Wates. Penelitian ini didesain sebagai Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang akan dilakukan dengan beberapa siklus. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode demonstrasi pada pembelajaran PAI dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa kelas VII C SMP NegeriI 1 Wates. Prestasi belajar pada siklus I sebesar 44% atau 14 siswa dengan KKM 75, siklus II sebesar 56% atau 18 siswa dengan KKM 75 dan pada siklus III sebesar 81% atau 26 siswa untuk materi rukun wudhu dan sebesar 87,5% atau 28 siswa untuk materi sunah wudhu dengan KKM 75.
Implementasi metode jigsaw sebagai upaya meningkatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik pada kompetensi dasar tarih kelas IX
Authors: Susiani Susiani
Published: September 2024

Di SMP Negeri 1 Minggir kompetensi dasar Tarih belum mencapai kriteria ketuntasan minimal tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik menggunakan metode jigsaw. Metode penggambilan data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, angket. Sasaran penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas IX E SMP Negeri 1 Minggir. Instrumen pengumpulan data dalam Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) ini ada dua, yaitu istrumen tes dan non tes. Hasil penggunaan model pembelajaran Jigsaw yang diterapkan pada Kelas IX E dapat menyebabkan meningkatnya prestasi siswa dilihat dari prestasi siklus I dan siklus II terjadi peningkatan nilai yang didapat oleh siswa.
Meningkatkan hasil belajar tarekh (sejarah islam) melalui model pembelajaran market place activity siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 2 Mlati Kabupaten Sleman
Authors: Ernawati Ernawati
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar sejarah Islam (Tarehk) siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 2 Mlati Sleman melalui metode Market Place Aktivity (MPA). Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) . Sebagai subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IX B SMP Negeri 2 Mlati dengan jumlah siswa muslim 25 anak. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik observasi, tes dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dalam menerjemahkan jenis data dari hasil observasi dan tes menjadi data kualitatif dalam bentuk deskriptip kualitatif. Kegiatan penelitian ini dibagi ke dalam 2 siklus dengan rancangan tindakan meliputi penyusunan rencana tindakan, pelaksankan tindakan, observasi terhadap pelaksanaan tindakan, refleksi dan tindak lanjut. Analisis data kualitatif dilakukan dengan lembar observasi dan data kuantitatif dihitung dari hasil tes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar dari pra siklus I ke siklus II. Pra Siklus rata-rata kelas 72,6 setelah dilakukan tindakan siklus I menjadi 80,00 dan meningkat menjadi 82,24 setelah dilakukan tindakan siklus II. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan metode Market Place Activity (MPA) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas IXB SMP Negeri 2 Mlati Sleman.
Upaya meningkatkan prestasi belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran pakem pada siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 4 Ngawen Gunungkidul
Authors: Saminu Saminu
Published: September 2024

Metode atau strategi pembelajaran memiliki kedudukan yang sangat signifikan untuk dapat mencapai tujuan pendidikan, namun dalam pembelajaran Agama Islam, prestasi belajar tidak terlihat naik, sehingga peninjauan metode perlu dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi peningkatan prestasi belajar pendidikanagama Islam dengan model pembelajaran Pakem. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam 3 siklus. Alat pengumpul data dalam penelitian ini adalah tes buatan guru. Haasil penelkitian menunjukkan jika pembelajaran model PAKEM memiliki dampak positif dalam meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa yang ditandai dengan peningkatan ketuntasan belajar siswa dalam setiap siklus, yaitu siklus I (66,67%), siklus II (76,67%), siklus III (86,67%).