bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Iran's Policies Towards Kurds in Northern Iraq (KRG)
Authors: DİNÇ Cengiz , ÖZTÜRK Murat
Published: June 2021

Regional geopolitical conditions shaped after the First World War enabled Iran to establish close relations with Iraqi Kurds. During this period, the relations between Iran, who wanted to protect its interests in the region against Iraq, and Iraqi Kurds who wanted to rule themselves, were shaped within the framework of Iran's general relations with the Baghdad administration.After the US invasion of Iraq in 2003, relations transformed. As a result of the fall of Saddam Hussein, Iran's priorities in the region have changed and the power in relations with Iraq has shifted from Kurds to Shiites. After 2007 Kurds began to develop relations with Western States, especially Turkey. This forced Iran to support Shiites even more in order to protect their interests in the region. While blocks were forming in the region, ISIL, which was a major threat to the region, emerged in 2014. Western powers supported the Iraqi Kurds against this organization that destroyed the security mechanism. The Erbil administration, which expanded its domain with support from the Western Bloc, decided to hold an independence referendum in 2017 and carried it out despite the difficulties. On the other hand, Iran hardened its policies towards the Kurds, and made some decisions in regard to sanctions. This study examines the change in Iran's policies towards the Iraqi Kurds.
THE DISCOURSE OF PATRIOTISM IN MODERN AMERICAN MASS CULTURE: THE CASE OF “WATCHMEN” TV SERIES
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Samarin Yaroslav
Published: June 2021

This article examines the role of popular culture products as a factor in changing the concept of patriotism in the United States. The discourse of patriotism is formed through a “sum” of images including an assessment of the political system, values and national history. According to American sociologist Jeffrey Alexander, “gaining power depends on the outcome of struggles for symbolic domination in the civil sphere”. The exacerbation in the last decade of problems related to race, gender and social justice led to a split in society and created the demand for a critical revision of the history of the United States, and as result the revision of the concept of patriotism. Nowadays, more and more graphic novels and media-shows based on patriotism are focusing on issues of social justice, and play an important role in the “culture wars” in the United States. An example of this is the popular series “Watchmen”, which has received various influential awards. Through the plot about superheroes, its authors construct a new narrative of civic patriotism. This narrative assumes that the racial issue has been a key factor in US history and that the country was founded on the principles of intolerance and oppression. In addition, it is suggested that the political system, in turn, is only formally democratic and the founding fathers created a state that is prone to authoritarianism and suppression, regardless of which political party is in power. Therefore, radical reforms are required for the United States to become a truly democratic and inclusive country.
The relationship between typical heavy metal content and physiological indexes of shrubs in bioretention facilities
Authors: Gong Yongwei , Zhou Zhihua , Xue Baolin , Ren Xiyan , Hao Yan , Li Junqi
Published: June 2021

Bioretention facilities have been widely constructed, but it is unknown whether rainfall runoff containing pollutants will hurt the plants in bioretention facilities. Experiments were carried out to explore the relationship between the heavy metal (Cd and Pb) contents of four shrubs and three physiological indexes. The results show the following: (1) The heavy metal absorption of shrubs may be directly proportional to the heavy metal content in stormwater runoff. (2) For the experimental devices, sand/soil-low concentration (SS-L) and sand/soil-high concentration (SS-H), except that the contents of Cd and Pb of L. vicaryi in SS-H showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, the contents of heavy metals in other shrubs showed a gradual increase. (3) For SS-L, the net photosynthetic rate (NPR) and transpiration rate (TR) of R. xanthina were in direct proportion to the contents of Cd and Pb in vivo. The NPRs and TRs of the other three shrubs and the chlorophyll content (CC) of L. vicaryi presented an inversely proportional relationship. For SS-H, the NPR of L. vicaryi was in direct proportion to its Cd and Pb contents. Almost all other conditions showed an inverse relationship.
Predicting relative energy dissipation for vertical drops equipped with a horizontal screen using soft computing techniques
Authors: Norouzi Reza , Sihag Parveen , Daneshfaraz Rasoul , Abraham John , Hasannia Vadoud
Published: June 2021

This study was designed to evaluate the ability of Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods including ANN, ANFIS, GRNN, SVM, GP, LR, and MLR to predict the relative energy dissipation (ΔE/Eu) for vertical drops equipped with a horizontal screen. For this study, 108 experiments were carried out to investigate energy dissipation. In the experiments, the discharge rate, drop height, and porosity of the screens were varied. Parameters yc/h, yd/yc, and p were input variables, and ΔE/Eu was the output variable. The efficiencies of the models were compared using the following metrics: correlation coefficient (CC), mean absolute error (MAE), root-mean-square error (RMSE), Normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) and Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE). Results indicate that the performance of the ANFIS_gbellmf based model with a CC value of 0.9953, RMSE value of 0.0069, MAE value of 0.0042, NRMSE value as 0.0092 and NSE value as 0.9895 was superior to other applied models. Also, a linear regression yielded CC = 0.9933, RMSE = 0.0083, and MAE = 0.0067. This linear model outperformed multiple linear regression models. Results from a sensitivity study suggest that yc/h is the most effective parameter for predicting ΔE/Eu.
ABSENTEÍSMO ENTRE TRABALHADORES DO SISTEMA ÚNICO DE SAÚDE: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Freitas Goltemberg Feitosa de , Alcântara Bárbara Danielle Calixto de , Siqueira Camila Alves dos Santos , Lima Kálya Yasmine Nunes de , Rodolfo Tomaz de Lima Rafael , Castro Janete Lima de , Souza Dyego Leandro Bezerra de
Published: June 2021

Introdução: Os avanços da sociedade moderna trouxeram grandes desafios aos mais variados setores do mercado de trabalho, levando os indivíduos a se readaptarem aos novos processos de trabalho. Um dos desafios remete a extensas jornadas e múltiplos vínculos empregatícios, fato que aumenta a vulnerabilidade, as chances de adoecimento e absenteísmo dos trabalhadores. Objetivo: Conhecer a prevalência do absenteísmo entre os trabalhadores do Sistema Único de Saúde, assim como os profissionais mais acometidos, a causa mais prevalente e o tempo médio de afastamento. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura guiada pelo protocolo PRISMA. As evidências, publicadas até 31 de dezembro de 2019, foram recuperadas das bases WEB OF SCIENCE, WHOLIS, PAHO, SCOPUS, SCIELO e PUBMED/MEDLINE e a avaliação da qualidade dos estudos foi conduzida por uma versão adaptada do protocolo STROBE. Resultados: Os achados dos 17 artigos incluídos nesta revisão revelam que a frequência de absenteísmo, assim como o tempo médio de afastamento entre os trabalhadores do Sistema Único de Saúde, é variável. Os estudos selecionados apontam os profissionais de enfermagem como a categoria que mais se ausenta do trabalho. Entretanto, ao considerar esse achado, precisa-se destacar que a quantidade de estudos encontrados para as demais categorias profissionais é limitada. Conclusões: As consequências do absenteísmo não recaem apenas sobre o trabalhador ou sobre o empregador, mas geram sobrecarga aos profissionais não faltosos, fato que compromete a qualidade da atenção aos usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde. Destaca-se que o conhecimento acerca do absenteísmo pode ser um importante instrumento para a gestão do trabalho em saúde.
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DO TRAUMA FACIAL EM UM HOSPITAL REGIONAL DO INTERIOR DA BAHIA
Authors: Costa Calheira Mariana , Silva de Carvalho Fábio , Alves Paz de Carvalho Cristiane
Published: June 2021

Introdução: Estudos retrospectivos sobre trauma facial são importantes para quantificar sua demanda para os serviços de saúde, além de contribuir para o planejamento de ações de educação e prevenção. Objetivo: Este estudo teve por objetivo traçar o perfil epidemiológico do trauma facial em um hospital regional do interior da Bahia. Metodologia: Realizou-se um estudo descritivo, transversal, por meio de análise retrospectiva dos prontuários de pacientes vítimas de trauma facial, atendidos no Hospital Geral Prado Valadares, em Jequié-BA, durante o período de janeiro de 2012 a dezembro de 2014. A análise estatística foi descritiva, sendo calculada em proporções e frequências absolutas e relativas. Resultados: Foram analisados 499 prontuários e observou-se que o sexo masculino (81,56%) e a etnia parda (50,30%) foram os mais acometidos pelo trauma facial. A faixa etária de maior prevalência foi de 19 a 59 anos (69,54%). O principal fator etiológico foi o acidente por motocicleta (30,06%) e houve elevada prevalência de traumatismo cranioencefálico (33,47%). Conclusões: No período estudado, verificou-se que indivíduos do sexo masculino, adultos jovens e de etnia parda foram os mais acometidos pelo trauma facial. Os traumas relacionados aos acidentes de trânsito em geral (acidentes com automóvel, motocicleta, bicicleta e atropelamento) foram os mais prevalentes.
INFLUÊNCIA DO USO DA PROANTOCIANIDINA EM UM ADESIVO AUTOCONDICIONANTE: AVALIAÇÃO DA RESISTÊNCIA DE UNIÃO
Authors: Cavalcanti de Paiva Taynã , Eduarda Lima do Nascimento Marinho Maria , Michelle Gonçalves Amorim Débora , Ferreira Gadelha de Araújo Diana , Flávio Soares Aragão Cícero , Álvares Ferreira Isana , Regalado Galvão Rabelo Caldas Marília
Published: June 2021

Introdução: Os sistemas adesivos possibilitam a execução de restaurações estéticas e minimamente invasivas, sendo, portanto, objeto de pesquisas para contornar os problemas que se apresentam no procedimento restaurador. Objetivo: Avaliar in vitro a resistência de união de um sistema adesivo autocondicionante, e deste modificado com soluções extrativas de semente de uva. Metodologia: Duas soluções extrativas foram preparadas com extrato de semente de uva em pó dissolvido em acetona e etanol. A partir delas e de um adesivo, seis sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes experimentais foram preparados, diferindo quanto ao solvente utilizado e às proporções entre adesivo puro e solução extrativa, esta, variando em 7,5%, 15% e 30%. Setenta incisivos bovinos hígidos tiveram as raízes removidas com disco de carborundum e as faces vestibulares desgastadas com lixas d’água de granulação 120, 240, 600 e 1200 sob refrigeração até expor a dentina superficial. Os dentes foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em sete grupos distintos: Controle; A7,5; A15; A30; E7,5; E15; e E30, contendo 10 elementos cada. A aplicação dos adesivos foi executada de acordo com as recomendações do fabricante do adesivo controle. A restauração foi realizada com uma matriz de silicone com dimensões 2 mm de altura e 4 mm de diâmetro e inserido o material restaurador em incremento único e fotopolimerizado por 40s. Após três meses armazenados em água destilada, os espécimes foram submetidos ao teste de resistência de união. Foi empregado o método estatístico Teste Paramétrico Anova 1 Fator e pós- teste de Tamhane (p<0,05). Resultados: Os grupos A7,5, E7,5 e E30 não apresentaram diferença em relação ao grupo Controle; A15 e A30 mostraram desempenho estatisticamente semelhante entre si; e E15 não apresentou diferença estatística em relação aos outros adesivos. Conclusões: A adição de proantocianidina teve efeitos diferentes, dependendo dos solventes e das concentrações utilizadas, mas sem alterar significativamente o desempenho do adesivo.
EFEITO DO ACABAMENTO E POLIMENTO SOBRE A TOPOGRAFIA SUPERFICIAL DE UMA RESINA COMPOSTA CONVENCIONAL E UMA BULK FILL
Authors: Cimarosti Figueiredo Bessa Stephany , Medeiros de Almeida Jéssika Raissa , Clístines de Medeiros Thiago , Michelle Gonçalves Amorim Débora , Ferreira Gadelha de Araújo Diana , Dos Santos Medeiros Maria Cristina , Álvares Ferreira Isana , Regalado Galvão Rabelo Caldas Marília
Published: June 2021

Introdução: Os compostos resinosos são materiais bastante presentes no dia a dia da clínica odontológica. Apesar de suas vantagens e ótimas propriedades, as resinas compostas convencionais ainda apresentam limitações, como o maior tempo clínico e falhas na adesão. Dessa forma tem-se o surgimento das resinas Bulk-Fill que entre as suas vantagens e propriedades temos: menor tempo clínico, baixa contração de polimerização, maior translucidez, além de propriedades que levam a sua melhor manipulação, tempo clínico e topografia superficial. Objetivo: Avaliar a topografia superficial de restaurações realizadas com diferentes tipos de resina composta antes e após submetê-las a diferentes sistemas de acabamento e polimento. Metodologia: Foram confeccionados 100 corpos de prova (CP), sendo 50 de cada composto resinoso, apresentando cinco grupos (n=10) sorteados de forma aleatória, de acordo com o sistema de acabamento e polimento (AP) empregado. Foram utilizadas as resinas Filtek Z350 XT (3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, EUA) e a Bulk Fill Filtek One Bulk Fill (3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, EUA) e os sistemas de acabamento e polimento: Discos de Lixa Sof-Lex Pop On Kit (DL); Discos Diamantado Espiral Sof-Lex (DE); Ponta Enhance (PE) e Broca Carbide Multilaminada nº 0283F (BM), que foram comparados com superfície deixada pela Tira de Poliester (Controle Negativo – CN). Após 7 dias de armazenamento em água destilada, os CP foram submetidos a análise da superfície por meio do Microscópio Eletrônico de Varredura (MEV). Resultados: Os CP da resina Bulk Fill tiveram como melhor resultado o sistema de AP com BM e resultado não satisfatório com DE, enquanto o PE e DL tiveram resultados semelhantes. Os CP da resina Filtek Z350 XT tiveram melhor aspecto visual de lisura superficial no grupo CN e pior resultado no grupo com DE. Conclusões: Dessa forma, o sistema que apresentou melhor resultado foi com a BM na resina Bulk Fill, enquanto a Filtek Z350 XT apresentou-se melhor no grupo C. Porém, ainda são necessários mais estudos que possam levar em considerações outras variações na metodologia empregada para se chegar em um protocolo de acabamento e polimento mais eficiente.
QUEIXAS DAS PUÉRPERAS QUE PROCURAM O BANCO DE LEITE HUMANO DE UMA MATERNIDADE ESCOLA EM MACEIÓ, ALAGOAS
Authors: Santos Felipe Manoel , Fernandes Marinília Cristina , Ribeiro Filho Dennis , Tavares Breno , Miranda Isis , Vieira Mirelle Patrícia , Gonçalves Marcos
Published: June 2021

Introdução: O Aleitamento Materno é o modo mais seguro, natural e saudável de alimentação para um recém-nascido, na qual é recomendado o aleitamento materno exclusivo até os seis meses de vida apesar dos inúmeros benefícios, pesquisadores apontam uma baixa frequência de aleitamento materno. Objetivo: Identificar a maior prevalência de queixas que acometem as doadoras de leite humano, que procuram o Banco de Leite Humano de uma Maternidade Escola em Alagoas. Metodologia: Estudo transversal, através de registros cadastrais de 2.909 puérperas doadoras entre 2015 a 2018. Os dados coletados foram apresentados e realizou-se uma análise descritiva. Resultados: A faixa etária mais frequente das puérperas foram 28 e 39 anos. As principais queixas relatadas foram: lactação e lesão mamária, mamas cheias (13,5%) e fissuras (5,6%). Encontraram-se associações estatisticamente significativas entre as queixas e as idades maternas - fissuras: 29 anos; mamas cheias: 25,9 anos. A doação voluntária do leite fora o principal motivo da procura ao Banco de Leite Humano, pois no serviço recebiam informações sobre a importância e os benefícios do aleitamento. Conclusões: É perceptível, que a busca pelas puérperas demonstra a escassez de informações, sendo esse serviço fundamental na orientação e conduta desses problemas.
İslâm açısından mahşerde ödüle layık olacakların özellikleri
Authors: Karataş Zübeyir
Published: June 2021

Kur’ân’ın indiriliş gayesi insanların dünya ve ahiret mutluluğunu temin etmektir. Kur’ân, kendisine tabi olup hükümlerini icra edenlere ahiret mutluluğunun yanı sıra dünya mutluluğunu da vadetmektedir. Bir başka ifadeyle Kur’ân, müntesiplerine mutluluk ve saadeti hem dünyada ve hem de ahirette vereceğini açık bir şekilde ifade etmiştir. Ancak Kur’ân’ın en büyük mükâfat ve ödülleri, şüphesiz ahirette gerçekleşecektir. Dünya hayatındaki ödül ve mükâfatlar ahiretteki ödül ve mükâfatlara nazaran kıyas kabul etmediği bir vakıadır. Aynı zamanda Kur’ân, ısrarlı bir şekilde insanları ebedi alem olan ahiret yurdu için çalışmaya ve hazırlıklarını o minval üzerinde yapmalarını talep etmiştir. Zira Kur’ân, ilk inen ayetlerinden başlamak üzere ahiret hayatının ne denli önemli olduğunu bir taraftan beyan ederken diğer taraftan da ahirette ödüle layık olacak olanların özelliklerini de zikretmektedir. Kur’ân, dünya hayatının gaye ve önemini; ebedi alem olan ahiret yurdunun kazanılmasına vesile olarak açıklar. Kur’ân’ın bu yaklaşımından yola çıkarak ahiret kelimesinin anlamını ve ahirette mükafata layık olacak olanların özelliklerini bilmek son derece önem arz etmektedir. Bu makalemizde Kur’ân’da ahiret kelimesinin kullanıldığı anlamlar ve ahirette mükâfata layık olacak olanların bazı özellikleri zikredilecektir.
Type Specific Human Papilloma Virus Prevalence and Distribution in Women with Abnormal Cervical Cytology: A Single Centre Retrospective Observational Study in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi
Authors: Revannasiddappa Krishi Gowdra , Sreehari Sreekala , Manjunath Shubha Shankari
Published: June 2021

Background:

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a major cause of cervical cancer and premalignant dysplasia. The prevalence and distribution of different
high-risk HPV genotypes can affect HPV vaccination strategies and the design of cervical cancer prevention programs.

Objective:

Here, we aimed to determine the prevalence of different HPV genotypes in women with abnormal Cervical cytology in the United Arab Emirates
(UAE), evaluate correlations between HPV genotypes and the degree of cervical dysplasia, and observe distributions of HPV genotypes across age
groups.

Methods:

The study included 442 women who underwent HPV genotyping at our institution between January 2018 and September 2019. A retrospective
chart review was conducted for all 442 cases, and data were collected from hospital records.

Results:

The overall HPV positivity rate was 56.1%. The prevalence of high-risk HPV was 48%; 35.4% of patients had multiple high-risk HPV strains,
whereas 64.6% had a single high-risk HPV strain. The most common high-risk HPV genotype was HPV-16 (15.2%), followed by HPV-31
(11.7%), HPV-53 (8.9%), HPV-66 (8.6%), and HPV-51 (8.3%). The prevalence of HPV-18 was only 3.8%. The high-risk HPV positivity rate
Increased from 39% in women with Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance (ASCUS) to 81% in women with Low-grade
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (LSILs), 81.3% in women with atypical squamous cells cannot rule out High-Frade Lesions, and 80% in women
with High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (HSILs). The multiple high-risk HPV strain positivity rate increased from 32.4% in ASCUS to
44.7% in LSIL and 62.5% in HSIL. Increased HPV positivity rates and prevalence of HPV-16 were noted with increasing severity of cervical
dysplasia. Decreased HPV positivity was observed with increasing age.

Conclusion:

Overall, because the prevalence and distribution of different high-risk HPV genotypes affect HPV vaccination strategies, our findings may be
useful for the design of cervical cancer prevention programs.
Application of Machine Learning Methods for the Development of Antidiabetic
Drugs
Authors: Zhao Juanjuan , Xu Pengcheng , Liu Xiujuan , Ji Xiaobo , Li Minjie , Sooranna Dev , Qu Xiaosheng , Lu Wencong , Niu Bing
Published: June 2021

:

Diabetes is a chronic non-communicable disease caused by several different routes, which has
attracted increasing attention. In order to speed up the development of new selective drugs, machine learning
(ML) technology has been applied in the process of diabetes drug development and opens up a new blueprint
for drug design. This review provides a comprehensive portrayal of the application of ML in antidiabetic drug
use.
1,2,5-Thiadiazole Scaffold: A Review on Recent Progress in Biological
Activities
Authors: Mali Suraj N. , Pandey Anima
Published: June 2021

Background:

Thiadiazoles can be considered as the privileged scaffold having
diverse pharmacological potentials such as antihypertensive, anti-HIV, antimicrobials,
antileishmanial agents, etc. In particular, 1,2,5-thiadiazoles and their fused analogues are
subjects of fast-growing interest due to their higher significance in the fields of biomedicine and
material sciences.

Objective:

This study aims to collect detailed medicinal information about aspects of 1,2,5-
thiadiazole.

Methods:

A systemic search has been carried out using PubMed, Google Scholar, CNKI, etc., for
relevant studies having the keyword, ‘1,2,5-thiadiazole’.

Results and Conclusion:

In this mini-review, we have covered known procedures of the synthesis
and explored in details all known advancements of this scaffold concerning to its biological
activities.
Comparison of the Characteristics of Breast Milk-derived Stem Cells with the Stem Cells Derived from the Other Sources: A Comparative Review
Authors: Rahmani-Moghadam Ebrahim , Zarrin Vahideh , Mahmoodzadeh Amir , Owrang Marzieh , Talaei-Khozani Tahereh
Published: June 2021

:

Breast milk (BrM) is not only a nutrition supply but also contains a diverse population of cells. It has been estimated that up to 6% of the cells in human milk possess the characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Available data also indicate that these cells are multipotent and capable of self-renewal and differentiation to other cells. In this review, we have compared different characteristics such as CD markers, differentiation capacity, and morphology of stem cells derived from human breast milk (hBr-MSC) with human bone marrow (hBMSC), Wharton's jelly (WJMSC), and human adipose tissue (hADMSC). The literature review revealed that human breast milk-derived stem cells specifically express a group of cell surface markers, including CD14, CD31, CD45, and CD86. Importantly, a group of markers, CD13, CD29, CD44, CD105, CD106, CD146, and CD166, were identified which were common in the four sources of stem cells. WJMSC, hBMSC, hADMSC, and hBr-MSC are potently able to differentiate into the mesoderm, ectoderm, and endoderm cell lineages. The ability of hBr-MSCs in differentiation into the neural stem cells, neurons, adipocyte, hepatocyte, chondrocyte, osteocyte, and cardiomyocytes has made these cells a promising source of stem cells in regenerative medicine, while isolation of stem cells from the commonly used sources, such as bone marrow, requires invasive procedures. Although autologous breast milk-derived stem cells are an accessible source for women who are in the lactation period, breast milk can be considered a source of stem cells with high differentiation potential without any ethical concern.
The relationship between social and financial performance with the objectives of the kingdom vision (2030)
Authors:   College of Business Administration, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia, Dkhili Hichem , Dhiab Lassad Ben ,   College of Business Administration, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
Published: June 2021

The objective of this paper is the study of the link between social and financial performance and the objectives of the Kingdom's Vision 2030. The methodological tool of this contribution tries to measure the effect of social and financial performance and the objectives of the Kingdom's Vision 2030. The main purpose of the research is focused on the empirical approach justified by the use of a linear model. The paper presents the results of an empirical analysis that showed a positive effect of social and financial performance on the objectives of the Kingdom's Vision 2030. The results found suggest that size, risk, and sector do not moderate the relationship between social responsibility and financial performance. The results showed a positive impact between social and financial performance with the objectives of the Kingdom Vision (2030) and implied that social and financial performance has a positive and significant relationship with the Kingdom Vision (2030). The results of the research can be useful for companies to promote the social and financial performance for a good realization of the Kingdom Vision (2030) and provide information to take the necessary policy suggestions to maintain the social performance and limit the average of financial performance.
Ecological Momentary Assessment of Weight-Related Behaviors in the Home Environment of Children From Low-Income and Racially and Ethnically Diverse Households: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Trofholz Amanda , Tate Allan , Janowiec Mark , Fertig Angela , Loth Katie , de Brito Junia N , Berge Jerica
Published: June 2021

Background

Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is an innovative tool for capturing in-the-moment health behaviors as people go about their daily lives. EMA is an ideal tool to measure weight-related behaviors, such as parental feeding practices, stress, and dietary intake, as these occur on a daily basis and vary across time and context. A recent systematic review recommended standardized reporting of EMA design for studies that address weight-related behaviors.

Objective

To answer the call for reporting study designs using EMA, this paper describes in detail the EMA design of the Family Matters study and how it was adapted over time to improve functionality and meet the needs of a racially, ethnically, and socioeconomically diverse sample.

Methods

Family Matters is an incremental, 2-phased, mixed methods study, conducted with a racially and ethnically diverse, immigrant and refugee sample from largely low-income households, designed to examine risk and protective factors for child weight and weight-related behaviors in the home environment. The Family Matters study intentionally recruited White, Black, Hmong, Latino, Native American, and Somali parents with young children. Parents in phase 1 of the study completed 8 days of EMA on their smartphones, which included signal-contingent surveys (eg, asking about the parent’s stress at the time of the survey), event-contingent surveys (eg, descriptions of the meal the child ate), and end-of-day surveys (eg, overall assessment of the child’s day).

Results

A detailed description of EMA strategies, protocols, and methods used in phase 1 of the Family Matters study is provided. Compliance with EMA surveys and participants’ time spent completing EMA surveys are presented and stratified by race and ethnicity. In addition, lessons learned while conducting phase 1 EMA are shared to document how EMA methods were improved and expanded upon for phase 2 of the Family Matters study.

Conclusions

The results from this study provided an important next step in identifying best practices for EMA use in assessing weight-related behaviors in the home environment.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/30525
Increasing Awareness of Osteoporosis Between Saudi Women Using a Risk Prediction Tool via Social Media Platform (Preprint)
Authors: Maha Ali Lashin; Msaad Altelhi Ala
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

Osteoporosis (OS) is a disease that affects many women in the country of Saudi Arabia. It can be detected and treated with proper intervention. Most studies' predictor analysis of current health conditions in regards to bone requires patients’ comprehensive data. Burdening patients with cost and exposing them to more medical procedures could be prevented with proactive intervention. Simple prediction, easy, and accessible tool needed for increasing women’s awareness of osteoporosis.

OBJECTIVE

The main aims of the presented work are increasing Saudi women's awareness of osteoporosis and improving their daily habits for preventing OS. For the first purpose, a tool was designed, developed, and evaluated as a prediction tool called OSPreKnow (Osteoporosis Pre-Know). OSPreKnow was designed to give an estimate of the possibility to have OS with current user data entered. The new concept of self-profiling is based on a programmed prediction algorithm in OS.

METHODS

The utility of OSPreKnow evaluated with designed science research. In our paper, the efficacy of OSPreKnow is explained for elevating knowledge about OS. A prediction tool is designed and implemented to gather input from 992 women. Knowledge and perception were measured to capture the tool’s impact.

RESULTS

Out of 992 who used the tool, 646 completed the post-tool survey and exhibited a significant satisfaction with the tool (69%) and level of knowledge after using the tool (74%). 480 reported more knowledge about OS which is 74% of respondents. This provided evidence of the usefulness of a prediction tool in levitation consciousness about Osteoporosis.

CONCLUSIONS

The presented work supplements the evidence base that an accessible prediction tool can help in raising disease awareness. In conjunction with knowledge provided by a medical doctor, OSPreKnow has beneficial impacts on improving the habits of women with risks of OS.

CLINICALTRIAL

Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (Institutional Review Board [IRB] number 21-0265)
Religion and Revolution: Joseph Smith, Abraham Lincoln, and the Book of Mormon
Authors: Das Sri Michael
Published: June 2021

The name Joseph Smith, b. 23 December 1803, d. 27 June, 1844 invokes words like heretic, false prophet, con artist and fruitcake. No stranger to con artistry or the interior of a prisoner cell, Smith was arrested numerous times on legitimate charges, he also accomplished something no other Prophet did: developed the character and strategies for First Citizen of Humanity, Abraham Lincoln and helped start a War Between the States that enslaved men might be free. Though he never lived to see his Book of Mormon accomplish its ends, he, along with the Latter Day Saints were never given recognition, not even informally for this, humankind’s the most important task. The most important in human history. In this paper I detail important elements of Smith’s and his Church’s work and also illuminate his ties to Mr. Lincoln, and mourn the wayward Church of today. Perhaps revisiting Mister Smith’s Vision will reignite all of us and cause us to rise up and wage one more War against tyranny, weaponry, waste, abuse, neglect, and utter ignorance of our innate spiritual principals.
Expansión del periurbano y conformación de territorios desiguales
Authors: Vieyra Medrano José Antonio ,   Centro de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental (CIGA, UNAM), Mariscal González Mónica ,   Espacio de la Ciudad S.A. de C.V, Montaño Salazar Rodolfo ,   Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo Territorial, Pfannenstein Bernd ,   Planstadt S.C., Anacleto Herrera Edgar Eduardo ,   Universidad de Guadalajara, Bollo Manent Manuel ,   Centro de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental (CIGA, UNAM), Peña Díaz Ana Lilia ,   Secretaría de Planeación Urbana y Obras Públicas, Gobierno del estado de Querétaro, Martínez Serrano Ayesa ,   Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Mérida (ENES-Mérida), Tello de la Torre Claudia ,   Centro Geo, Ruiz López Cinthia Fabiola ,   Centro de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental (CIGA, UNAM), Hernández Guerrero Juan Alfredo ,   Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Sevilla Villalobos Salvador ,   Universidad de Guadalajara
Published: June 2021

Analizando las consecuencias de la urbanización neoliberal, la presente obra indaga algunas problemáticas periurbanas en el contexto mexicano y revela, desde distintos posicionamientos teóricos y metodológicos, las geografías altamente desiguales y heterogéneas que surgen con la expansión urbana.
Integrin-mediated interactions with a laminin-presenting substrate modulate biosynthesis and phenotypic expression for cells of the human nucleus pulposus
Authors:   Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1097, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA, Speer J , Barcellona M , Jing L , Liu B , Lu M , Kelly M , Buchowski J , Zebala L , Luhmann S , Gupta M , Setton L
Published: June 2021

With aging and pathology, cells of the nucleus pulposus (NP) de-differentiate towards a fibroblast-like phenotype, a change that contributes to degeneration of the intervertebral disc (IVD). Laminin isoforms are a component of the NP extracellular matrix during development but largely disappear in the adult NP tissue. Exposing human adult NP cells to hydrogels made from PEGylated-laminin-111 (PEGLM) has been shown to regulate NP cell behaviors and promote cells to assume a biosynthetically active state with gene/protein expression and morphology consistent with those observed in juvenile NP cells. However, the mechanism regulating this effect has remained unknown. In the present study, the integrin subunits that promote adult degenerative NP cell interactions with laminin-111 are identified by performing integrin blocking studies along with assays of intracellular signaling and cell phenotype. The findings indicate that integrin α3 is a primary regulator of cell attachment to laminin and is associated with phosphorylation of signaling molecules downstream of integrin engagement (ERK 1/2 and GSK3β). Sustained effects of blocking integrin α3 were also demonstrated including decreased expression of phenotypic markers, reduced biosynthesis, and altered cytoskeletal organization. Furthermore, blocking both integrin α3 and additional integrin subunits elicited changes in cell clustering, but did not alter the phenotype of single cells. These findings reveal that integrin- mediated interactions through integrin α3 are critical in the process by which NP cells sense and alter phenotype in response to culture upon laminin and further suggest that targeting integrin α3 has potential for reversing or slowing degenerative changes to the NP cell.
LEGAL PROTECTION OF INTERIOR DESIGN IN INDUSTRIAL DESIGN INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
Authors: Sadnyini Ida Ayu , Putra I Gede Putu Agus Wistama , Gorda A.A.A.Ngurah Sri Rahayu , Gorda A.A.A. Ngurah Tini Rusmini
Published: June 2021

Intellectual property is creativity that results from human thought in order to meet the needs and welfare of human life. Currently, IPR issues are widely discussed in the context of international issues. IPR includes two parts, namely Copyrights and Industrial Property Rights. Industrial property rights include patents, industrial designs, integrated circuits layout designs, trade secrets, geographic indications, trademarks and plant variety protection (PVP). Interior design is part of industrial design. Interior design has experienced significant developments in recent years, including in Indonesia. Problems that arises is plagiarisms done by imitating or using the "similarity" of an interior design that already has an industrial design certificate without any permission from the design owner. This study aims to find out the legal protection of interior design in the intellectual property rights of industrial design and the legal basis used by judges in deciding industrial design rights disputes. The result of this study showed that the legal protection of interior design in the intellectual property rights of industrial design involved two legal protections; they are preventive legal protections and repressive legal protections. Furthermore, Gustav Radbruch's theory of legal ideals is used as a legal basis in deciding cases of disputes over industrial design rights based on justice, benefits, and legal certainty in the case of industrial design disputes Ecosfera Room.
Strategi Pengembangan Desa Pelaga Sebagai Destinasi Agrowisata di Kabupaten Badung
Authors: Marsitadewi Komang Ema
Published: June 2021

Badung Regency is more dominated by beach tourism. More than ten famous beaches in Bali are in Badung Regency. These beaches are only located in a few districts in Badung Regency. Inequality between sub-districts also occurs between areas that have tourism potential such as beaches and areas that have other tourism potential such as waterfalls or other tourism. This will create new problems for Badung Regency in the future. In fact, sub-districts that do not have coastal tourism potential have challenges as well as opportunities to develop. One of them is Petang District, Pelaga Village. This village does not have beach tourism but has other natural potentials that can be used as an attraction for tourists to come and visit Pelaga Village. These potential differences must be implemented which can then be used as opportunities for Pelaga Village. The purpose of this research is to produce a strategy to develop Pelaga Village as a tourism destination. This research is a qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Data obtained from primary data and secondary data. The data is then processed using data triangulation techniques to reduce the researcher's subjectivity and is also analyzed using SWOT analysis to produce a development strategy. In this study, it was found that Pelaga Village has a lot of potential for agro-tourism and can be developed such as asparagus and some hydroponic plants. . Not only that, the community's high interest in developing agro-tourism also supports the development of Pelaga Village. After assessing the potential that is owned by the opportunity, the threat from Pelaga Village came up with several development strategies for Pelaga Village, namely to further activate the community, especially farmer groups in developing their agro products. increasing the existence of the Agricultural Culture Festival in Pelaga Village, refining the missing destination components such as the availability of restaurants and inns, creating an organization that can bring together various farmer groups in Pelaga Village, in relation to the community in developing and managing the potentials of Pelaga Village.
New Invasive Insects Associated with Oak Forests in Lebanon
Authors:   Entomology Laboratory, Department of Plant Protection, Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute, Fanar, Lebanon, Moussa Zinette , Choueiri Elia ,   Department of Plant Protection, Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute (LARI), Tal Amara, Lebanon, Hanna Abdallah ,   Skaff Estate, Ammiq, Bekaa.
Published: June 2021

Oak forests (Fagaceae) are native in Lebanonand occupy the largest areas of approximately 40,000 ha. The most common species are Quercus calliprinos, Q. infectoria, Q. cerris var. pseudo cerris andQ.brantii. Due to climate change and human activities, oak forests have become more vulnerable to native and exotic invasive pests. A total of 26insect species associated with oak trees were recently identified in Lebanon. The most dangerous insect pestisthe gypsy moth Lymantria dispar (Lepidoptera), onQ. calliprinos andQ. Cerris. The oak leafminer Phyllonorycter libanotica (Lepidoptera)and the Eriophidae(Accari) arethe most species recorded on Q. infectoriaand Q.calliprinosfollowed by the giant mealybug Ceroputo pilosellae(Hemiptera) on Q. infectoriaand Q.calliprinosandthe oak mothThaumetopoea sp.(Lepidoptera) on Q. calliprinos and Q. Cerris. Eightnew species were recorded for the first time in Lebanon on oak and are listed in this paper. Fivespecies of Cinipidae (Hymenoptera): Andricus caputmedusae, A. cecconi, A. sternlichti, Plagiotrochus quercusilicisand Neuroterus quercusbaccarum, one speciesof Scolytidae,Xylosandrus compactus(Coleoptera),one species ofKermesidaeKermes echinatus (Hemiptera)and one species of Diaspididae,Koroneaspis aegilopos(Hemiptera).Keywords: Lebanon, oak, forest decline, invasive species, outbreak
A Study on Watermelon Wilt Caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis and Macrophomina phaseolina and its Control
Authors:   Tekreet University, Faculty of Agriculture,  Plant Protection Department, Al-Khazraji Nizar Khalaf ,   Tekreet , Iraq, Ismaeel Saleh ,   Tekreet University, Faculty of Agriculture,  Plant Protection Department ; Tekreet , Iraq
Published: June 2021

Results obtained from this study showed the compatibility between the pathogens Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis and Macrophomina phaseolina and melon plants cv. Galia F1 causing a severe disease
Evaluation of Activity of Tannases Produced by Isolated from Syrian Woody Soils Trichoderma citrinoviride and T. brevicompactum on Tannins Degradation
Authors:   Plant Life Department, Faculty of Science, Damascus University, Syria, Al-Nhlaoui Manal , Nizam Adnan ,   Plant Life Department, Faculty of Science, Damascus University, Syria, Daghestani Manal ,   Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damascus University, Syria
Published: June 2021

This study was conducted during the period 2019–2020 to identify Trichoderma spp. isolated from woody soils and assessing their efficacy for biodegradation of tannins through tannase enzyme activity produced. Results obtained confirmed the presence of two species; Trichoderma citrinoviride, which was isolated from Maysalon area near Damascus, and characterized by yellowish green colony with dense growth of spores at the center of the colony, and Trichoderma brevicompactum isolated from the Balluran area near Lattakia characterized by yellow colonies with concentric rings. Trichoderma citrinoviride had higher biodegradation activity, measured by degrading different tannins concentrations (2, 4, 6%) collected from Queircus coccifera from Bmelka area in Tartous in liquid medium and led to 85, 87 and 90% degradation, for the three concentrations, respectively, following 12 days incubation. The activity of the produced tannase was measured to be 37.9 units/mg. Whereas, the decomposition rate of the three tannin concentrations by Trichoderma brevicompactum reached 67, 80 , 89%, respectively, again after 12 days of incubation, with enzyme activity measured to be 35.2 units/mg. Keywords: Trichoderma, tannins, tannase, biodegradation, enzyme activit
Inversión en actividades de ciencia, tecnología e innovación: el caso de Colombia y Ecuador
Authors: Echeverría-King Luisa Fernanda , Pinto Jorge , Mosquera-Montoya María Angela Lorena
Published: June 2021

Las inversiones en actividades de ciencia, tecnología e innovación son indicadores de desarrollo y competitividad para los países. La presente investigación pretende describir y analizar las inversiones en actividades de ciencia, tecnología e innovación realizadas por Colombia y Ecuador entre 2010 y 2014, años marcados por la bonanza petrolera. Para ello se realizó una metodología de corte cuantitativa y exploratoria, por medio de una revisión documental y sistemática de informes oficiales, Durante el periodo estudiado se realizaron inversiones en maestría y doctorado para la formación de personal, especialmente en Ecuador, mientras que en Colombia la producción bibliográfica fue en aumento. Por otro lado, en Colombia solo se registraron un total de 806 patentes, frente a 2709 registradas del vecino país. Sin embargo, a Colombia se le concedieron un total de 2674 patentes en diseños industriales, mientras que, a Ecuador, solo le fueron concedidos 764. Asimismo, se identificó que la inversión privada en las actividades de ciencia, tecnología e innovación aún es baja y que se pueden fortalecer también las inversiones provenientes de otros sectores. Estos estudios ayudan a visibilizar los enfoques de las inversiones realizadas, y representan una oportunidad para observar cómo los países han concentrado sus esfuerzos hacia la generación de nuevo conocimiento. Se hacen necesarios estudios de impacto para evaluar cómo estas inversiones han apoyado a los países a ser más competitivos y a crear nuevos modelos económicos.
Alianzas para la innovación en organizaciones intensivas en conocimiento: el caso de México
Authors: Becerril-Elías Juan Carlos , Merritt Humberto
Published: June 2021

Las alianzas tecnológicas entre organizaciones intensivas en conocimiento enfrentan desafíos relativos a la eficiencia de la vinculación, su efectividad, su duración e incluso al impacto esperado en la innovación; además, algunas de ellas son desconocidas de forma anticipada por las organizaciones. Este artículo analizó los factores que influyen en la formación de este tipo de alianzas en el sector industrial mexicano. La hipótesis plantea que las alianzas entre organizaciones intensivas en conocimiento se ven afectadas por distorsiones, discrepancias y empirismos aplicativos debido a visiones incompletas por parte de los líderes. Para el desarrollo de este trabajo, se emplearon cuestionarios y entrevistas a actores relevantes de dos organizaciones mexicanas intensivas en conocimiento, una del sector académico y otra del sector productivo, esto con la finalidad de identificar los recursos que poseían previamente a la formalización de la alianza tecnológica y cómo sirven a la toma de decisiones. Los resultados revelaron que el rol que desempeñen los líderes tiende a robustecer la posición estratégica de las organizaciones involucradas, siempre que las actividades de investigación complementen los recursos y capacidades disponibles, sirviendo éstas para afianzar la colaboración. Se concluye que las alianzas interorganizacionales son fundamentales para lograr el éxito en el campo empresarial y en distintos sectores, sin embargo, debe tomarse en cuenta que no siempre estas asociaciones satisfacen las expectativas de los participantes.
Influencia de la religiosidad, la norma subjetiva y la efectividad percibida del consumidor en el consumo socialmente responsable
Authors: Mejía Juan Camilo , Currás-Pérez Rafael , Córdoba-Segovia Carlos Manuel
Published: June 2021

Esta investigación analizó la relación entre religiosidad, norma subjetiva y efectividad percibida del consumidor en la intención de compra de productos socialmente responsables. La investigación empírica se basó en un cuestionario repartido, en igual proporción, a 485 personas ubicadas en Colombia y España. Para su evaluación se realizó un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales a partir de la técnica Partial Least Square (PLS). Se encontró similitud en los resultados entre ambos países, comprobándose, en los dos casos, la influencia de la religiosidad sobre las dimensiones de consumo responsable. También se pudo determinar la importancia de la norma subjetiva sobre este tipo de consumo. Sin embargo, no fue posible comprobar la hipótesis que relacionaba la efectividad percibida por el consumidor en este tipo de compras. Con estos resultados se concluyó acerca de la importancia del papel de la religiosidad en las intenciones de consumo responsable, debido, principalmente, a su función simbólica y socializadora como elemento de aculturación y de expresión de identidad. Asimismo, fue posible ampliar la teoría del comportamiento planificado al explorar la norma subjetiva en este tipo de compras. El estudio sugirió investigaciones sobre consumo responsable y sus factores influyentes, y propuso estrategias de marketing para fortalecerlo en favor del medio ambiente, la sociedad y la economía de las organizaciones.