bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indywidualne teorie pedagogiczne nauczycieli na temat szkoły, jako miejsca rozwijania kreatywności oraz samodzielności myślenia i działania uczniów (raport z badań)
Authors: Dusza Bożena
Published: May 2021

Wprowadzenie

W badaniach nad szkołą wykorzystywane są różne kategorie. W prezentowanych badaniach wykorzystuję kategorię indywidualnych teorii pedagogicznych nauczycieli. Teorie te będąc efektem min. wiedzy nauczycieli wyniesionej ze studiów, ich doświadczeń zawodowych, przekonań, stereotypów, w istotny sposób wpływają na ich pracę w szkole.

Cel badań

Tekst jest raportem z badań przeprowadzonych w 2019r  wśród nauczycieli szkół podstawowych (N=550). Celem badań było odkrycie indywidualnych teorii pedagogicznych nauczycieli odnoszących się do szkoły, jako miejsca rozwijania kreatywności ucznia oraz jego samodzielności myślenia i działania. 

Metoda badań

W badaniach wykorzystano metodę sondażu diagnostycznego. Techniką była ankieta własnej konstrukcji.   

Wyniki i wnioski z badań

Wyniki badań jakie otrzymano wskazują, że 43% badanych nauczycieli jest przekonanych o tym, że kluczowym zadaniem szkoły jest przekaz wiedzy, a nie rozwój samodzielności i kreatywności uczniów. Ich osobiste teorie w tym względzie różnią się w zależności od wielkości szkoły, stażu pracy oraz poziomu kształcenia. Niepokojące jest to, że 40% badanych uważa, że by odnieść sukces szkolny konieczne jest rozwinięcie „szkolnego sposobu myślenia” u ucznia. Tym samym odsłania się paradoksalna rzeczywistość, w której system szkolny nie oczekuje od uczniów radzenia sobie w świecie i nie przygotowuje do takiegoż, a wymaga kompetencji ucznia potrzebnych mu jedynie, by w tym systemie przetrwać.
Promocja i intensyfikacja komunikacji interpersonalnej bezpośredniej rodzic – dziecko, nauczyciel – uczeń w świecie technokracji i osaczania kapitałem materialnym.
Authors: Miąso Janusz
Published: May 2021

Reizacja człowieka (łac. res – rzecz), szczególnie dziecka, czyli osaczanie na ogromną skalę światem materialnym, w tym szczególnie gadżetami medialnymi, to aktualnie jeden z największych problemów psychologicznych i pedagogicznych i zarazem jedno z największych wyzwań.
Świat rzeczy to także piękny świat, dziś także świat multimediów, które bardzo pomagają w codziennym życiu, szczególnie w kontekście pandemii, ale równocześnie wszystko to wymaga wielkiej mądrości, aby nie zniszczyć świata bezcennych relacji międzyludzkich, interpersonalnych – międzyosobowych, bezpośrednich, face to face, bliskości, które są szczególnie ważne i bezcenne dla prawidłowego rozwoju dziecka i każdego człowieka, zawsze i wszędzie.
Celem niniejszych badań jest zwrócenie uwagi na powyższy problem i szczególna mobilizacja do promowania i wzmacniania super ważnych i bezwzględnie koniecznych relacji interpersonalnych bezpośrednich, których zauważa się poważny deficyt. W tej kwestii wydaje się, że iż badania są ciągle konieczne. Wielu nauczycieli z moich osobistych rozmów i wywiadów potwierdza potężny deficyt wiedzy o komunikacji interpersonalnej wśród rodziców a także trudność z jej asymilacją w życiu codziennym, z powodu między innymi tempa życia i przeniesienia komunikacji w komunikację zapośredniczoną medialnie. Promowanie i permanentny trening komunikacji interpersonalnej od najmłodszych lat przez rodziców i nauczycieli z dziećmi i uczniami, a także między sobą to nadzieja na uratowanie esencji człowieczeństwa i społeczeństwa.
Mediatyzacja edukacji na poziomie akademickim. Szanse i zagrożenia z perspektywy studentów i pracowników naukowych – wyniki badań własnych
Authors: Golonka Izabela
Published: May 2021

Celem artykułu jest zbadanie szans i zagrożeń wynikających z procesu mediatyzacji edukacji na poziomie akademickim. Po teoretycznym przeglądzie koncepcji mediatyzacji oraz zaprezentowaniu transformacji zachodzących w edukacji pod wpływem nowych mediów i ich logiki opisano postrzeganie samego procesu mediatyzacji edukacji przez studentów i pracowników naukowych Wydziału Politologii i Dziennikarstwa Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie. Badania o charakterze eksploracyjnym, z zastosowaniem wywiadów indywidualnych w formie online, pozwoliły na poznanie i przeanalizowanie zmian zachodzących w edukacji oraz sposobów ich postrzegania przez studentów i naukowców. Przemiany w systemie edukacji napędzane przez media są bowiem coraz szybsze i bardziej radykalne. Wyniki badań mogą stanowić podstawę do dyskusji na temat przyszłości szkolnictwa wyższego w obliczu mediatyzacji.
Wiedza potoczna uczniów w młodszym wieku szkolnym na temat istoty i sposobów uczenia się
Authors: Bartoszewicz Magdalena
Published: May 2021

W artykule przedstawiono zagadnienie psychologicznych koncepcji, istoty oraz metod uczenia się. Głównym celem badań było poznanie potocznych koncepcji uczniów w młodszym wieku szkolnym na temat istoty i sposobów uczenia się. Autorka opisała założenia wywiadu fokusowego przeprowadzonego wśród 246 uczniów w młodszym wieku szkolnym. Analiza wyników badań wykazała, że wiedza uczniów w młodszym wieku szkolnym na temat istoty i metod uczenia się jest szeroka. Dzieci potrafią zdefiniować uczenie się, opisać różne rodzaje uczenia się oraz przedstawić wiele sposobów uczenia się.
Administrative Law in the Time of Corona(virus): Resiliency of the Hungarian Administrative Law?
Authors: Hoffman István , Balázs István
Published: May 2021

The Hungarian administrative law has been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Several rules – which were introduced during the state of danger based on the epidemic situation – have been incorporated into the Hungarian legal system. The administrative procedural law has been influenced by the epidemic transformation. However, the rules on e-administration have not been reformed significantly (due to the digitalisation reforms of the last years), but the rules on administrative licenses and permissions have been amended. The priority of the general code on administrative procedure has been weakened: new, simplified procedure and regime have been introduced. The local self-governance has been impacted by the reforms. The transformation has had two opposite trends. On the one hand, the Hungarian administrative system became more centralised during the last year: municipal revenues and task performance has been partly centralised. The Hungarian municipal system has been concentrated, as well. The role of the second-tier government, the counties (megye), has been strengthened by the establishment of the special economic (investment) zones. On the other hand, the municipalities could be interpreted as a “trash can” of the Hungarian public administration: they received new, mainly unpopular competences on the restrictions related to the pandemic. Although these changes have been related to the current epidemic situation, it seems, that the “legislative background” of the pandemic offered an opportunity to the central government to pass significant reforms.
Legal Act as the Subject of Mythologization: Remarks on the Reception of the JUST Act of 2017 in Poland
Authors: Kwiatkowski Bartosz
Published: May 2021

The article presents a legal act as a potential subject of mythologization. The tools derived from the studies on political myth were used to describe a phenomenon that strictly belongs to the political and legal reality – the American JUST Act of 2017, which in recent years has caused many controversies in Polish public debate. While using the theoretical methods of the most notable researchers of the political myth, such as R. Barthes or E. Cassirer, it has been shown that legal acts, as well as their reception and interpretation, are not always based on rational forms of cognition. They can also be affected by a political myth and a mythical form of cognition, which is depicted in this study by means of methodology implemented from the studies on political myth. The article formulates interesting comments that may be useful for a better understanding of the phenomena on the border of Polish jurisprudence, political science and mythology.
Solidaryzm vs marksizm czyli o „Poglądach prawnych niewolników i proletariuszy rzymskich” Borysa Łapickiego raz jeszcze
Authors: Słapek Dariusz
Published: May 2021

In the history of Polish Romanist studies in the period of the Polish People’s Republic, Borys Łapicki attracts considerable attention due to his controversial monograph Legal Views of Slaves and Roman Proletarians from 1955. It seems that the work is not quite rightly treated as a breach in the career of the Romanist from Lodz. Reasons for this uniqueness are usually sought in a complicated biography of the author which is treated as a kind of a “sign of the times”. Meanwhile, reviews of the work published right after it had been issued unequivocally showed that the dogmatic Marxism was in a way assessed as an adaptation by Łapicki, trying to reconcile it with the ideas of solidarism he had long accepted and belief in ethical values of the Roman law. Loyalty to these ideas made this amalgam of barely reconcilable concepts (class struggle in the light of harmony based on freedom and brotherhood) impossible to be accepted. It seems that this eclectic formula was never imposed by anyone on Łapicki – it was not a manifestation of the author’s conformism or opportunism. Despite very severe criticism, he did not abandon it even in the times when historical materialism left the dogmatic phase of its development. This article is a case study – a contribution to the studies on a broader problem of identity and attitude of Polish Romanists in the period of Stalinism.
Gdy niewolnica „wyzionie ducha w mękach” – kanon 5 synodu w Elwirze w świetle norm rzymskiego prawa karnego
Authors: Zalewski Bartosz
Published: May 2021

This article aims to analyse canon 5 of the Synod of Elvira (beginning of the 4th century) taking into account the norms of Roman law concerning the legal protection of slaves. This canon provided for the punishment of repentance and a prohibition of giving Eucharistic Communion to a woman who, in anger caused by jealousy, caused the death of her slave as a result of whipping. It was probably adopted based on a certain, particularly shocking matter, perhaps related to the intimate life between the master and her slave. The content of the canon suggests that the person responsible for its editing was familiar with Roman law, including probably in particular Emperor Hadrian’s rescripts – especially those addressed to the Governor of Baetica, where Elvira was located. The canon provided slaves with a wider scope of protection than the norms of Roman law did, both those in force at the time of its release and later introduced by Emperor Constantine the Great. It was also an expression of the generally discernible attitude of Christian communities towards the institutions of slavery. On the one hand, the existence of slavery was accepted and, on the other hand, there were efforts to improve the situation of slaves, especially if they were Christians.
AVALIAÇÃO DO SISTEMA DE INFORMAÇÃO DE CUSTOS EM UMA INSTITUIÇÃO FEDERAL DE ENSINO: PROPOSTAS DE MELHORIAS E APLICABILIDADE
Authors: Oliveira Fontes José Isak , Oliveira Thiago , Gurgel André Morais
Published: May 2021

Este trabalho objetiva avaliar a modelagem do sistema de custos de uma Instituição Federal de Ensino Superior (IFES), indicando melhorias para sua aplicabilidade. Trata-se de um estudo de caso com abordagem qualitativa, a qual se utilizou da análise documental, observação não participante, análise de conteúdo e artefatos. Os resultados demonstram que os custos da IFES podem ser melhor gerenciados a partir da adoção das melhorias propostas no sistema. Essas melhorias facilitarão a gestão dos custos e dos recursos da instituição que assumem um papel estratégico em apoiar todas as suas atividades e operações. Como contribuições, destacam-se a aplicação de um instrumento inovador na realidade de uma instituição da administração pública, a qual exige a adoção de novos procedimentos e políticas estratégicas de custos para implantação.
RATING PARA AVALIAÇÃO DE COOPERATIVAS DE CRÉDITO: UMA APLICAÇÃO DO MODELO PEARLS
Authors: Huscher Paulo Fabrício , Moreira Vilmar Rodrigues , Silva Rodrigo Alves
Published: May 2021

Para executar suas atividades as cooperativas de crédito, assim como outras organizações financeiras, realizam operações de empréstimo e intermediação, oferecendo risco de crédito aos demais agentes. Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar um modelo de rating para avaliação de cooperativas de crédito. A pesquisa utilizou dados financeiros disponibilizados pelo sistema COSIF do Banco Central do Brasil, o modelo PEARLS de análise econômico-financeira de cooperativas de crédito e a metodologia de classificação do Fundo Garantidor (FGCOOP). O modelo de rating foi estimado por meio de regressão logística multinomial. A acurácia total foi de 80,1%. Com os resultados obtidos, considerando o grau de acurácia do modelo, é possível verificar que o uso do modelo PEARLS permitiu o desenvolvimento de um modelo para monitoramento do risco de crédito que as cooperativas representam para o mercado financeiro. O modelo se mostrou simples e com relevância prática para os agentes. A relevância acadêmica está relacionada à metodologia de avaliação econômico-financeira de cooperativas de crédito, podendo ser usada como referência para trabalhos futuros. Este estudo também se justifica pela incipiência de pesquisas sobre ratings para avaliação de instituições financeiras no Brasil.
A párkapcsolat, a gyermeknevelés és a társadalmi tőke szerepe a szubjektív jóllét alakulásában
Authors: Rövid Irén , Erát Dávid , Füzér Katalin
Published: May 2021

Az egyének szubjektív jóllétére ható kapcsolati tényezőket vizsgáló elemzésünket a globális COVID-19 járvány elleni védekezésben világszerte alkalmazott azon fizikai interakciókat korlátozó társadalmi gyakorlatok inspirálták, amelyeknek célja egyrészt minél inkább az egy háztartásban élők körére szűkíteni a kapcsolattartást, másrészt érdemben nehezíteni a társadalmi interakciókat a társadalmi tőke mindhárom típusában. Az elemzés alapjául szolgáló nagymintás adatfelvétel, a 2016-os mikrocenzus (N=2 millió 724 ezer), ami lehetővé teszi, hogy számot adjuk mind a párkapcsolati-gyermeknevelési státusszal megragadható kapcsolati tényezők, mind a társadalmi tőke három típusában érintett kapcsolati tényezők szerepéről a szubjektív jóllét kognitív dimenziójának, az életelégedettségnek az alakulásában a 20–49 évesek körében. Elemzésünk kiindulópontját az a tény adja, hogy az életelégedettség összefügg azzal, párkapcsolatban él-e valaki (és milyen jellegűben), illetve nevel-e gyermeket a háztartásában (Rövid 2020). Elemzésünk középpontjában az a kérdés áll, hogy mennyiben érinti hasonlóképpen vagy különbözőképpen a párkapcsolati-gyermeknevelési státusz szerint elkülönülő hat háztartástípusba tartozók életelégedettségét a háztartáson kívüli fizikai kapcsolattartás. Eredményeink szerint a járványhelyzetben is érintett kapcsolati tényezők életelégedettségre gyakorolt hatása hasonlóan alakul egyrészt a szinglik és a gyermeküket egyedül nevelők körében, másrészt a párkapcsolatban élők körében, gyermeknevelési státusztól függetlenül. A kapcsolati tényezők közül tehát a párkapcsolatnak kiemelt jelentősége van a szubjektív jóllét alakulásban, ami a párkapcsolatok minőségének, sérülékenységének mintázataira is ráirányítja a figyelmet (Erát 2020). Elemzésünk alapján hipotéziseket fogalmazzuk meg a további kutatások számára. Átfogó hipotézisünk szerint a járványhelyzet a háztartáson kívüli kapcsolati tényezőkre gyakorolt korlátozó hatásán keresztül összességében jelentős mértékben, azonban párkapcsolati-gyermeknevelési státusz szerint differenciáltan rontja az életelégedettséget a 20–49 évesek körében.
SOSYAL TRANSFER HARCAMALARI-GELİR EŞİTSİZLİĞİ İLİŞKİSİ: KARŞILAŞTIRMALI PANEL NEDENSELLİK ANALİZİ
Authors: AKTAŞ Emin Efecan , DOKUZOĞLU Sevi
Published: May 2021

Pek çok gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülke açısından gelir eşitsizliği seviyelerinde meydana gelen

artışlar; kamunun vergiler, transfer ödemeleri ile kamusal mal ve hizmet sunumu aracılığıyla ekonomiye

müdahalesinin yetersiz ve etkinsiz gerçekleşmesi nedeniyle kaçınılmaz olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır.

Özellikle, kamu harcamaları çerçevesinden bakıldığında düşük gelir gruplarına yapılan transfer

ödemelerinin gelir eşitsizliğini azaltmakta kilit bir rol oynadığı öne sürülebilmektedir. Zira, birçok

çalışmada toplam gelir eşitsizliğinin analiz edilmesinde en yaygın kullanılan ölçüt olan Gini katsayısının

kamunun yeniden dağıtım politikaları içerisinde en fazla transfer harcamalarına duyarlı olduğu sonucuna

ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, sosyal transfer harcamaları ve gelir eşitsizliği ilişkisinin ülkelerin gelir

düzeyindeki farklılıkların analize dâhil edilerek ortaya koyulmasıdır. Bu çerçevede, analize konu edilen 60

adet ülke Dünya Bankası’nın sınıflandırmasına göre ayrıştırılmış ve 1996-2018 yıllarını kapsayan

dönemde sosyal transfer harcamaları-gelir eşitsizliği ilişkisinin tespiti için Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel

nedensellik analizi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, hem yüksek gelir grubuna dâhil ülkelerde hem de

yüksek-orta ve düşük-orta gelir grubuna dâhil ülkelerde sosyal transfer harcamaları ve gelir eşitsizliği

arasında çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi bulunduğuna işaret etmektedir. Ancak, yüksek gelir grubuna dâhil

ülkelerde bu ilişki göreli olarak daha güçlü ortaya çıkmaktadır.
A Review on SECS/GEM: A Machine-to-Machine (M2M) Communication Protocol for Industry 4.0
Authors:   National Advanced IPV6 Centre Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Laghari Shams A. , Manickam Selvakumar , Karuppayah Shankar
Published: May 2021

Industry 4.0 has imminently emerged as the fourth industrial revolution. It garners emphasis primarily on the interaction between factory equipment and machines involved in entire value-chain activities for boosting efficiency and production with limited human intervention. The M2M communication protocols have gained significant prominence amidst sage minds in recent years, particularly in the manufacturing industries. Several M2M communication protocols have been developed for the industry, such as SECS/GEM, OPC UA, DDS, and MQTT. Among these protocols, SECS/GEM is a semiconductor’s equipment interface protocol for equipment-to-host data communications. It is not a modern, but decades-long protocol, and has been again brought to the fore by Industry 4.0. Thereupon, it was imperative to review amenability of SECS/GEM protocol in the context of adaptation of features depicted by industry 4.0, and limelight plethora of shortcomings and limitations. In this paper, comparisons of prominent features and limitations of the aforementioned M2M communication protocols in general and review of the SECS/GEM protocol in particular, have been made. Findings include deficiencies in security, point to point communication, discovery mechanism, fixed message format, interoperability, extendibility, and manual integration.
Effect of onion and garlic biowaste on germination and growth of microgreens
Authors: Patil Madhuri , Jana Pooja , Murumkar Chandrashekhar
Published: May 2021

Background: Biowaste of onion and garlic peel is remaining unexploited for their sustainable use having potential as source of organic fertilizer. The present work was intended to investigate biowaste of onion and garlic peel water extract on germination and growth of fenugreek, mustard, falooda and garden cress seeds which could resource as microgreens

Methods: Germination studies in selected seeds are carried out by water extracts of onion and garlic peel.

Results: As far as growth is concerned variation is observed in all seeds. Significant escalated results were observed in garlic peel extract on fenugreek seeds as compared to other seeds. However, after treatment of onion extract moderate enhancement in growth observed in falooda and garden cress seeds. It is observed that there is no significant influence of treatment on germination of all seeds.

Conclusions: Onion and garlic peels biowaste can be used as a natural growth enhancer in a sustainable way for growing microgreens of fenugreek and falooda seeds whereas onion and garlic peel extracts could inhibit the growth of Mustard and garden cress seeds.
Toward an Integrated Statistical System Based on Registers
Authors: Wallgren Anders , Wallgren Britt
Published: May 2021

This note describes how Latin American and Caribbean countries can join a revolution in statistical systems, moving from data collection based on geographic frames to one based on administrative registers, and the advantages of making this change. Northern European countries have already shifted from a traditional area frame-based statistical system to a register-based system, in which all surveys are based on statistical registers. Among the key advantages of the shift are: i) lower production costs; ii) potential for higher levels of geographic disaggregation and greater frequency; and iii) reduce the burden on informants by following the maxim of “ask once, use many times”. Evidence from Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, and Peru points to the viability of this transition in the region. However, to take better advantage of the new strategy, countries should invest to improve the quality and coverage of their administrative systems and should create an integrated register system, allowing for efficient data use, and ensuring consistency and coherence across statistical registries.
Costos y beneficios de la carbono-neutralidad en Perú: Una evaluación robusta
Authors: Quirós-Tortós Jairo , Godínez-Zamora Guido , De La Torre Ugarte Pierrend Daniel Gerardo , Heros Carlos , Lazo Lazo Juan , Ruiz Elías , Quispe Berioska , Diez Canseco Daniella , Garro Freddy , Mora Jimena , Eguren Lorenzo , Sandoval Milagros , Campos Silke , Salmeri Micol , Baron Richard , Fernández-Baca Jaime , Iju  Fukushima Ana Saori , Saavedra Valentina , Vogt-Schilb Adrien
Published: May 2021

Cumplir con las metas del Acuerdo de París requiere que todos los países lleguen a cero emisiones netas de carbono alrededor del 2050. Este estudio evalúa los costos y beneficios de rutas de descarbonización en los sectores de agricultura, silvicultura y otros usos de suelo; transporte; energía; residuos; y procesos industriales en el Perú. Demuestra que es posible lograr cero emisiones netas de CO2 al 2050, usando transformaciones sectoriales como generación de electricidad a base de energía renovable, electrificación de la flota vehicular y de los usos de la energía, eficiencia energética, reducción de la deforestación, mejores prácticas agrícolas y ganaderas, cambio de dietas, y mejoras en el manejo de residuos y en los procesos industriales. Estas transformaciones brindan un beneficio neto de US$161 mil millones gracias a ahorros operativos (incluyendo ahorros de energía), mejora de productividad, servicios ecosistémicos, y mejoras en la salud, entre otros. Además, el estudio evalúa 1000 posibles rutas de descarbonización para analizar el efecto de 201 factores de incertidumbre sobre emisiones, costos, y beneficios, utilizando un método de toma de decisión robusta. Las transformaciones sectoriales modeladas traen beneficios netos de entre US$13 y 250 mil millones y permiten reducir las emisiones entre 215 MtCO2e y 480 MtCO2e al 2050. Estos resultados permiten informar la actualización de la Estrategia Nacional ante el Cambio Climático del Gobierno del Perú y sus políticas de reactivación económica post pandemia.
La Guardia Indígena del Cauca: Una forma de alter-geopolítica.
Authors: Benítez Loaiza José David
Published: May 2021

Desde hace décadas la Republica de Colombia ha enfrentado un conflicto armado donde convergen diferentes grupos guerrilleros y paramilitares, carteles de narcotráfico, y el mismo estado. En este escenario, y pese a los esfuerzos para alcanzar la paz en los últimos años, existen todavía territorios como el Cauca, donde la violencia está latente. Ante ello los pueblos indígenas han adoptado diferentes formas de resistencia al conflicto armado per se y sus consecuencias derivadas. En este artículo se hace un análisis de estos escenarios de terror y a la implementación de la “guardia indígena” de los pueblos indígenas del Cauca, aplicando las líneas teóricas de “geografías del terror” y “alter-geopolítica” pertenecientes a la geopolítica critica.
Sovereignty within Feminist International Relations Theory
Authors: González Melissa
Published: May 2021

El texto representa un análisis de los conceptos “soberanía” y “estado-nación” a través de las diferentes corrientes teóricas feministas dentro del campo de Relaciones Internacionales. Como objetivo principal se destaca la necesidad de deconstruir conceptos desde diferentes perspectivas teóricas, especialmente aquellos conceptos altamente masculinizados que han sido construidos históricamente desde una lógica androcéntrica. Desde la teoría crítica se plantea la necesidad de cuestionar el poder tanto de las estructuras como de los conceptos que rigen la organización societal. Finalmente, se expone varias corrientes feministas con el fin de enfatizar en la diversidad teórica dentro de esta rama y entender a los feminismos desde su inherente pluralidad.
The effect of indium introduction method on the properties of Pt/In/Al2O3-Cl reforming catalyst
Authors: Tregubenko V. Yu. , Veretelnikov K. V. , Gulyaeva T. I. , Belyi A. S.
Published: May 2021

The effect of 0.3 wt.% indium, which was introduced at the steps of alumina peptization or impregnation, on the properties of platinumalumina reforming catalysts was studied. Doping with indium at the impregnation step produced a smaller decrease in the total acidity of the support and hence in the heptane conversion for the corresponding Pt/In/Al2O3-Cl catalyst. The most pronounced decrease in selectivity of hydrogenolysis and hydrocracking and the maximum i-C5-7 : toluene selectivity ratio were observed for this sample as compared to the undoped catalysts with indium introduction at the peptization step.
Catalysts in the direct synthesis of organotin compounds. II. Reactions of halogenoalkanes with metallic tin
Authors: Storozhenko P. A. , Magdeev K. D. , Grachev A. A. , Shiryaev V. I.
Published: May 2021

This is the second part of a series of reviews devoted to the direct synthesis of organotin compounds. This review considers conditions and results of the interaction between metallic tin and halogenoalkanes. Different catalysts used in the synthesis are systematized, their efficiency is analyzed, and possible mechanisms of these processes are discussed.
Catalytic properties and chemical stability of potassium polyferrites with the addition of four-charged cations
Authors: Anikanova L. G. , Dvoretskii N. V.
Published: May 2021

In order to elucidate the effect exerted by the addition of four-charged cations on the composition, chemical stability and catalytic properties, samples of potassium polyferrites with the β′′-alumina type structure of the composition K2FeII1+qFeIII10–2q MeqIVO17, where Me is Ce, Ti, Zr, and q = 0÷1.0, were synthesized. The mechanism of the effect of four-charged cations on the activity, selectivity of action and corrosion resistance of β′′-potassium polyferrite has been determined. Polyferrites doped with four-charged cations are characterized by a decrease in the specific rate of styrene formation and an increase in the selectivity of action in the ethylbenzene dehydrogenation reaction. The destabilizing effect of titanium additives is revealed, which is expressed in facilitating the emission of an alkali metal from the crystal lattice of polyferrite. Cerium additives lead to the destruction of the polyferrite structure due to the reduction of Ce4+ → Се3+ at the q parameter values above 0.6. Zirconium additives do not reduce the corrosion resistance of ferrite systems under the conditions of the dehydrogenation reaction.
A EJA EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA DE COVID-19: REFLEXÕES SOBRE OS DIREITOS E POLÍTICAS EDUCACIONAIS NA AMAZÔNIA BRAGANTINA
Authors: Cunha Alessandra Sampaio , Neves Joana d’Arc Vasconcelos , Costa Nívia Maria Vieira
Published: May 2021

Este trabalho teve como temática a discussão do direito e das políticas educacionais, dando ênfase na Educação de Jovens e Adultos- EJA em tempos de pandemia na Amazônia bragantina. O objetivo da investigação foi analisar o alcance do direito a educação de jovens e adultos diante das políticas educacionais brasileiras e em tempos de pandemia na Amazônia bragantina.  A metodologia utilizada preocupou-se em abranger uma abordagem qualitativa, por meio pesquisa documental articulando informações de pareceres e legislações / estatísticas da EJA do município de Bragança-PA, no sentido de cruzar os dados e informações num movimento circular (SAMPIERI, CALLADO E LUCIO, 2013) e qualificar o corpus de análise. Os resultados levantados mostram antigas e novas questões sobre uma Educação de Jovens e Adultos pautadas em políticas compensatórias de diminuições de tempos e conteúdos, de fechamento de turmas, de diminuição do número de matrículas, fechamento dos programas específicos para a EJA, agravado ainda mais em tempos de pandemia em virtude do silenciamento diante garantia do acesso as instituições de ensino ao público desta modalidade de ensino.
APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA COMO ALICERCE PARA METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS NO ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS: UMA INTERLOCUÇÃO EM PROL DA EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS
Authors: Augustinho Elizabeth , Vieira Valéria Da Silva
Published: May 2021

O artigo apresenta reflexões sobre como a educação de jovens e adultos pode ser ressignificada, na busca de uma participação ativa do aluno, na qual ele seja protagonista e sujeito de sua aprendizagem. Destaca a importância da formação docente para atuar nessa modalidade de ensino. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, descritiva, elaborada com base na experiência em sala de aula e por meio de leitura de vasto material bibliográfico, que motivaram o aprofundamento do tema, priorizando autores de referência, como: Freire, Ausubel, Moran, Chassot. Além de apresentar conceitos fundamentais relacionados à aprendizagem significativa, é destacada a importância das metodologias ativas, que podem se tornar estratégias eficazes para a aprendizagem significativa em ciências na educação de jovens e adultos.
Feasibility of cardiovascular risk screening in Portuguese community pharmacies
Authors: Fonseca Anabela , Tacio Lima  , Castelo-Branco Margarida , Figueiredo Isabel Vitória
Published: May 2021

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of human mortality. As highly accessible and qualified health professionals, community pharmacists can be included in the early detection of patients at risk for CVD by implementing CVD screening programs.

Objective: To assess the feasibility of CVD risk screening services in Portuguese community pharmacies from the evaluation of customers acceptability.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a community pharmacy in Portugal. The purpose of entering the pharmacy was recorded for all customers. Afterwards, the customers were invited to be interviewed by the pharmacist, who registered their willingness to participate and collected the participants’ data and biochemical and physical parameters to assess their CV risk by applying the Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) model. For the participants who were not eligible for the SCORE-based risk assessment, the pharmacist considered the major modifiable CVD risk factors - hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking habits, obesity, impaired fasting glucose and sedentary behavior - according to the ESC guidelines.

Results: Picking up medication was the most prevalent reason 69.8% (n=1,600) for entering the pharmacy, and among the contacted customers, 56.4% (n=621) agreed to have their CVD risk assessed. Of the 588 participants, 56.6% (n=333) were already on CV pharmacotherapy and were therefore not eligible for screening. Of the 43.4% (n=255) CV pharmacotherapy-naïve participants, 94.9% (n=242) were screened with at least one CVD risk factor; 52.9% (n=135) were not eligible for the SCORE assessment, of which 92.6% (n=125) presented CVD risk factors. Of the 120 SCORE eligible participants, 80.0% (n=96) were at least at moderate risk of CVD.

Conclusions: We determined the feasibility of CVD risk screening in Portuguese community pharmacies, as we found high customer acceptability, noted the reasons for nonattendance, and found a high prevalence of CVD risk factors in at-risk patients. This is an opportunity for Portuguese community pharmacists to take a leading role in the early detection of CVD.
Photophysical properties of a newly synthesized unsymmetrically substituted zinc phthalocyanine
Authors: KALKAN BURAT Ayfer , PEKBELGİN KARAOĞLU Hande Rezan
Published: May 2021

A novel unsymmetrically substituted zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) containing six hexylthio units and a morpholinoethoxy group was synthesized and characterized. Statistical condensation reaction of two different phthalonitriles was used for the preparation of unsymmetrical ZnPc. The novel compound was purified using chromatographic methods with the help of high solubility differences of phthalonitrile derivatives. Characterization of the compound was achieved by using NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis, and mass spectroscopic methods. The photophysical measurements were made in tetrahydrofuran (THF). Fluorescent quantum yield (ΦF) and fluorescence lifetime (τF) of unsymmetrical ZnPc were determined. Fluorescent quenching experiments were done by adding benzoquinone (BQ) in THF, and Stern-Volmer constant (Ksv) and quenching constant (kq) values were calculated.
TERSANE İŞLETMELERİNDE ETİK İKLİMİN ÖRGÜTSEL GÜVENE ETKİSİNDE ÖRGÜTSEL ADALET ALGISININ ARACILIK ROLÜ
Authors: YORULMAZ Murat
Published: May 2021

Çalışanların örgütsel tutum ve davranışları üzerinde etkili olan etik ikliminin, örgütsel güvenin ve örgütsel adalet algısı kavramlarının birbirlerinden bağımsız olarak düşünülmesi ve değerlendirilmesi mümkün değildir. Bu noktadan hareketle bu çalışmanın amacı, tersane çalışanlarının etik iklim algısının, örgütsel güven üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek ve bu etkide örgütsel adalet algısının ara değişken rolünün olup olmadığını ortaya çıkartmaktır. Araştırma, Yalova-Altınova Tersaneler Bölgesindeki tersane işletmelerinde kadrolu 430 tersane çalışanıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada anket tekniği kullanılarak elde edilen veriler ile araştırma değişkenleri arasındaki doğrudan ve dolaylı ilişkileri ortaya çıkartmak için yapısal eşitlik modellemesi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, etik iklim ile örgütsel güven arasındaki ilişkide, örgütsel adalet algısının tam ara değişken rolünün olduğunu göstermektedir. Başka bir ifade ile tersane işletmelerinde etik iklimin, örgütsel güveni olumlu yönde etkilediği ancak bu etkinin tamamının örgütsel adalet algısı aracılıyla oluştuğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Çalışma sonunda, tersane işletmelerinde etik iklimin, örgütsel güveni oluşturabilmesinin yolunun, tüm paydaşlara eşit ve adil davranıldığı örgüt ortamının yaratılmasına, diğer bir ifade ile örgütsel adaletin tesis edilmesine bağlı olduğu vurgulanmıştır.
A BRINQUEDOTECA COMO ESPAÇO DE APRENDIZAGEM NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Oliveira Aline Inacio de , Camargo Gislene
Published: May 2021

RESUMO: O artigo busca refletir sobre a Brinquedoteca como espaço de aprendizagem na Educação Infantil. Dessa forma, formulou-se o problema: Como a brinquedoteca pode contribuir com a aprendizagem na Educação Infantil? Como objetivo geral buscou-se analisar as contribuições do espaço da brinquedoteca nos processos de aprendizagem na Educação Infantil. Assim, objetivando reconhecer a importância do brincar e do espaço da brinquedoteca no processo de aprendizagem de acordo com os documentos legais da Educação Infantil e identificar formas de ensino e aprendizagem por meio da brinquedoteca. Os referenciais teóricos utilizados para dialogar com os dados coletados são: Azevedo (2014), Brasil (2018), Brasil (1998), Criciúma (2016), Gimenes; Teixeira (2011) e Kishimoto (2011). A metodologia da pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativa, inserindo-se no campo da Educação Infantil, utilizando a entrevista como instrumento. Os sujeitos da pesquisa são sete (7) professoras de um CEIM da rede municipal de Criciúma/SC. Concluiu-se, que são poucos os espaços destinados à brinquedotecas nas instituições de ensino, sendo que as que existiam, foram desativadas. No entanto, as entrevistadas demonstram conhecer o papel significativo do espaço brinquedoteca e a suas contribuições nas práticas pedagógicas na Educação Infantil. PALAVRAS CHAVES: Brinquedoteca. Aprendizagem. Educação Infantil.
A CONCEPÇÃO DO GESTOR ESCOLAR SOBRE A IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DOS DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS PRESENTES NO ESTATUTO DA CRIANÇA E DO ADOLESCENTE (ECA) EM ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS DE MARACAJÁ, SC
Authors: Martins Daiana Simões , Paulino Caroline da Graça Jacques
Published: May 2021

RESUMO: O presente artigo analisa a perspectiva do gestor escolar sobre a implementação dos direitos fundamentais presentes no Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA), nas instituições de ensino. Para essa finalidade foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com uma gestora escolar da rede pública estadual e uma gestora escolar da rede municipal da cidade de Maracajá (SC). O foco das questões compreendeu o conhecimento do gestor escolar a respeito do texto do ECA, quais os processos efetivam a proteção integral e a implementação dos direitos fundamentais na escola e quais relações são estabelecidas entre a instituição escolar e o Conselho Tutelar. A pesquisa mostrou que a maior dificuldade em se fazer legitimar os direitos fundamentais do ECA está na falta de participação da família na escola. As gestoras têm conhecimento do ECA como uma norma que protege as crianças e adolescentes. Em contrapartida, houve momentos em que se colocaram fora da responsabilidade de garantir o direito e a proteção do público infanto-juvenil, de maneira a compreender que o ECA fosse o único responsável pelas crianças e adolescentes. Assim, torna-se importante a escola aproximar e unir outras entidades juntamente à instituição. A escola deve ser a mediadora dos princípios do ECA aos pais e aos alunos para deixar claro a responsabilidade de todos perante a proteção integral e aos direitos fundamentais das crianças e adolescentes. PALAVRAS CHAVE: Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente. Proteção integral. Direitos fundamentais. Escolas Públicas.
IMPLICAÇÕES FORMATIVAS DA RELAÇÃO ENTRE A INDÚSTRIA CULTURAL E A INFÂNCIA:UM OLHAR SOBRE A SOCIEDADE CONTEMPORÂNEA
Authors: Almeida Gracilene dos Santos , Silva Alex Sander da
Published: May 2021

RESUMO: Este trabalho aborda a relação entre a infância, mas especificamente o período que vai desde o nascimento até aproximadamente o décimo-segundo ano de vida e a indústria cultural, no contexto da sociedade contemporânea. Tem como objetivo analisar e refletir como ocorre a dinâmica da influência da indústria cultural no decorrer da formação da criança, enfatizando os meios pelos quais esse vínculo se constrói e como se caracteriza essa relação. Também ressaltamos no texto as problemáticas internas a essas relações, bem como os impactos acentuados e predominantes que podem afetar a sociedade contemporânea. Procuramos discutir a dialética da indústria cultural, assim como a condição das crianças ao serem expostas excessivamente aos recursos midiáticos para se desobrigarem da atenção à infância. Para isso, apresentamos a relação da indústria cultural, a ideia de infância em suas implicações formativas no contexto da sociedade atual. Palavras-chave: Indústria Cultural. Infância. Sociedade Contemporânea.
A PRÁTICA AVALIATIVA DE PROFESSORES DAS SÉRIES INICIAIS DE UMA ESCOLA PÚBLICA DO SUL DE SANTA CATARINA
Authors: Debiasi Miryan Cruz , Bertolino Helen Paola Vargas
Published: May 2021

Resumo: A presente pesquisa trata de discutir a temática da avaliação da aprendizagem e tem como objetivo analisar a prática avaliativa de professores nos anos iniciais no Ensino Fundamental. O processo de análise decorreu por meio de um questionário com questões abertas e fechadas, aplicadas aos professores que atuam no 1º ao 5º ano de uma escola Estadual do município do Sul de Santa-Catarina. Para aprofundar a discussão, também foi realizada uma análise do Projeto Político Pedagógico - PPP da escola investigada, com objetivo de articular com as respostas das professoras. Os resultados evidenciam que ainda persistem dúvidas, por parte dos professores investigados, sobre o processo de avaliação e percebeu-se também que o documento norteador da escola apresenta algumas fragilidades com relação a concepção de avaliação e as orientações pedagógicas para o trabalho avaliativo. Palavras-chave: Concepções de avaliação. Ensino e aprendizagem. Projeto Político Pedagógico. Práticas Avaliativas.
Forcible medical intervention as a violation of Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights
Authors: Dacar Rok
Published: May 2021

The European Court of Human Rights has on multiple occasions considered the question of whether an act of forcible medical intervention constituted a violation of Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights. It found that it did not if the applicant could not prove he dissented to the medical intervention being carried out, if the act was one of medical necessity or if the medical intervention was necessary for obtaining evidence for use in criminal proceedings. However, national authorities must follow strict rules both in the determination of whether forcible medical intervention will be carried out and in its methods of execution.
Attempt and Crimes Against Life and Limb
Authors: Stajnko Jan
Published: May 2021

When dealing with attempts to commit a crime against life and limb, it is not always easy to distinguish between mere preparatory conduct and criminal attempt. This contribution seeks to first outline some issues which arise when trying to set a clear demarcation line between those two phases of iter criminis. In the second part, the search for suitable differentiation theories in Slovene criminal legal doctrine is briefly outlined, while the third part seeks to establish that the individual-objective theory of differentiation can further help us to distinguishing between different steps (“acts”) of the perpetrators conduct. What is more, it is argued that the individual-objective theory can be a useful tool for distinguishing between essential and nonessential steps. In the final part of this contribution, author warns that the individual-objective criteria should not be abused as an instrument for arbitrary extension of criminal attempts towards the field of (decriminalized) preparatory conduct.
Genetic Transformation for Pod Borer Resistance in Dolichos Bean [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet]
Authors: Kshirsagar J.K. , Sawardekar S.V. , Bhave S.G. , Gokhale N.B. , Narangalkar A.L. , Burondkar M.M. , Sawant G.B.
Published: May 2021

Background: Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation experiments were carried out in Dolichos bean Cv. (Konkan Bhushan) showing better regenerability. Methods: Three cry genes viz. cry1Aabc, cry1Fa1 and cry2Aa were used for the transformation each of which were linked to CaMV35S promoter and nptII gene under control of nos promoter and terminator. A vector system consisting of the disarmed hyper virulent Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA-105 harboring pBinAR or BinBt3 was used. Mature embryo axis with single cotyledon was used as explant. Kanamycin as well as PCR screening was carried out to assess the transformation frequency. Progeny analysis using PCR was also carried out to assess the transgene segregation and stable transformation. Result: Kanamycin concentration of 500 mg/l was found as optimum for selection of a transgenic turning leaf blades albino. Among five methods of colonization used, the method employing mild injury to explant with dipping in Agrobacterium culture for 20 minutes followed by co-cultivation for 48 hours, cefotaxime washing and sowing in soil resulted in maximum survival (74.80%) associated with maximum transformation frequency through PCR analysis (2.13%). Among three cry genes, the gene cry2Aa was found the most effective in transforming Dolichos bean. The progeny analysis of transformants has shown the 3:1 mendelian segregation ratio confirming stable transformation of transgene.
A citação na chancelaria – a comuna de Roma no Medievo
Authors: Internullo Dário
Published: May 2021

O artigo discute alguns aspectos retóricos das atas públicas provenientes da comuna de Roma (o Senado) entre os séculos XII e XIV. Particularmente, analisando as citações que emergem de tais atas (Cassiodoro, Riccardo da Pofi, Pier delle Vigne), reconstrói algumas práticas escriturárias da chancelaria romana e detecta a presença de determinados manuscritos nesse ambiente.
A “retórica cortês” e suas sutilezas
Authors: Mongelli Lênia
Published: May 2021

Os dois termos que compõem a expressão “retórica cortês”, em geral referindo a produção lírica dos trovadores e a prosa de ficção do romance medieval, têm implicações muito específicas: o primeiro remonta à antiguidade greco-romana e foi retomado, com acréscimos e novidades, pelas Artes Poéticas dos séculos XII e XIII; o segundo, cunhado por Gaston Paris em 1883, traz imbricado em si o derivado “cortesia”, com suas normas comportamentais que guiaram a sociedade aristocrática e cavaleiresca nas cortes senhoriais do medievo. Para exemplificar as sutilezas de concepção e de estilo que podem resultar da aplicação deste modelo retórico às cantigas galego-portuguesas, tomamos o texto “Senhor genta” (atribuído a João Lobeira, ativo na segunda metade do século XIII), e a segunda versão dele, “Leonoreta, fin roseta”, inserta no Amadis de Gaula (1508).
Retórica e Hagiografia: a Vita Martini
Authors: Campos Glícia
Published: May 2021

Este trabalho visa a identificar os elementos retóricos que estão presentes na Vita Martini, de Sulpício Severo, texto hagiográfico que data do século IV da nossa era. Tomamos como referência para a análise do tema proposto, sobretudo, a Arte Retórica, de Aristóteles, obra que influenciou profundamente os sistemas retóricos posteriores, principalmente no que se refere à Idade Média. Procuramos ressaltar, ainda, na obra em foco, as matrizes do gênero hagiográfico que se desenvolveria no decorrer do medievo, tendo em vista o fato de a Vita Martini ser considerada o primeiro texto do gênero em língua latina.
A HISTÓRIA DA PESTE NA EUROPA SOB A ÓPTICA DA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Schmitt Jean-Claude
Published: May 2021

La pandémie de Covid 19 à partir de janvier 2020 - depuis la Chine vers le reste de l’Asie, puis l’Europe et l’Afrique, et enfin les deux Amériques -, n’est pas sans rappeler des épidémies du passé, souvent bien plus meurtrières encore, en premier lieu celles de la peste (qui emporta le tiers de la population européenne en 1348). Trois épidémies de peste ont frappé l’Europe à travers l’histoire : la Peste de Justinien (541-770), la Peste Noire (1348-1352, suivie de nombreuses récidives jusqu’en 1720) et la peste de Chine (qui n’a touché en fait que les ports européens et américains, entre 1850 et 1940). La peste, par ses agressions ou ses retraits, a une valeur systémique pour le « long Moyen Âge » qui commence dans l’Antiquité tardive et se poursuit jusqu’au XVIIIe siècle : par ses assauts répétés tout au long de cette période, mais aussi par ses retraits comme entre l’époque de  Charlemagne et le XIVe siècle ; cet âge « sans peste »  correspond à la phase du plus grand essor des campagnes médiévales. Au contraire, quand la peste est de retour entre le XIVe et le XVIIe siècle, elle est un des facteurs décisifs d’une longue stagnation démographique. Jamais la cause véritable de la peste (qu’on attribuait à la corruption de l’air ou à un châtiment de Dieu)  n’a été reconnue tout au long de ces siècles. Pourtant on observe dès la fin du Moyen Âge une progression des conceptions « contagionistes » et non-officielles qui anticipent sur la découverte du bacille de la peste par Alexandre Yersin en 1894, en même temps que du rôle des puces et des rats. La peste a suscité des comportements de toutes natures, qui évoquent parfois les mesures prises aujourd’hui pour freiner ou empêcher la progression de l’épidémie (par exemple la quarantaine). Elle a nourri de nouveaux élans de piété et aussi la recherche de boucs-émissaires dont les communautés juives furent les premières victimes. Sur le plan culturel, elle suscita de brillants témoignages littéraires (tel le Decameron de Giovanni Boccacio), mais on ne peut pas lui attribuer la naissance de l’art macabre, car celui-ci lui est antérieur.