bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teachers of public (primary) schools of Drohobych district of West Ukrainian People's Republic (1918–1919)
Authors: Haliv Mykola , Ilnytskyi Vasyl , Dubyna Kateryna
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the article is to analyze the number, national composition, and participation in state-building processes of primary school teachers of the Drohobych district of the West Ukrainian People's Republic (WUPR) from the time of the formation of the Ukrainian government in November 1918 until the Polish occupation of Drohobych district in May 1919. Research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, systematicity, authorial objectivity, as well as general scientific (analysis, synthesis) and special-historical (historical-systemic, historical-typological, historical-genetic, historical-comparative) methods. The Scientific Novelty: for the first time, the number, national composition, participation in state-building processes of primary school teachers of the Drohobych district of WUPR were investigated.
As a result of the research, it was established that by November 1, 1918, 370 primary school teachers worked in Drohobych district, of which only 87 were Ukrainians. At the end of November 1918, the Ukrainian educational authorities of the Drohobych district, headed by I. Lishchynskyi, obliged the teachers to take an oath of loyalty to the Ukrainian state. This act was initially performed by 132 teachers: 87 Ukrainians, 37 Jews and 8 Poles. By February 1919, 80 new teachers were accepted: 61 Ukrainians, 14 Poles, 5 Jews. Thus, the number of teachers in primary schools of the Drohobych district of WUPR reached 212 people. Some of the teachers (S. Kuzhil, E. Kuziv, I. Lishchynskyi, P. Lopata, K. Matsyuk, V. Ratalskyi, etc.) took an active part in the processes of building the Ukrainian state. It has been investigated that the branch of the Society "Mutual Aid of Galician and Bukovynian Teachers", which published the newspaper "New School" ("Nova Schkola") since March 1919, continued to be active in the Drohobych district.
Analysis of Russian Narratives Denying the Genocide of the Ukrainian Nation During the War, 2014-2024
Authors: Babichev Oleksandr
Published: June 2024

Russia's information campaign against Ukraine is multifaceted and open to different interpretations. As a rule, the Russian information campaign is flexible and contextualized, and each narrative has its own style that takes into account all its peculiarities. There is no agreed-upon model that can be used to explain the current narrative of Russia's information war against Ukraine. Instead of hiding information, the Russian Federation often "floods" the media, providing a large amount of information about this or that event, skillfully combining it with disinformation. These media campaigns evoke strong emotions, promote a culture of fear and create panic. Each publication has a certain style of journalism. Some publications maintain a balanced point of view and avoid emotionalism. Others incite hatred against Ukrainians and manipulate public opinion, portraying Ukrainians as puppets of the West, traitors, criminals, fascists, extremists, separatists and other "true patriots". This article analyzes the methods of Russian propaganda in Ukraine. In particular, the main narratives of Russian propaganda are the following: Ukraine is a country that never existed; Ukraine needs regime change; there is a "third Maidan"; Ukraine revives fascist and Nazi practices and is Russophobic; the Ukrainian army is a den of criminals, and NATO soldiers fight on the side of the Ukrainian state; The Russian Federation has nothing to do with the "Ukrainian conflict"; Western countries are trying to destroy Ukraine. Russian mass media disseminate propaganda messages prepared by the Kremlin and present them in a mutually agreed upon form. Today, these practices have become particularly acute. The tactics of Russian propaganda consist in focusing on emotions, creating enemies, biased presentation of information and creating theories without empirical basis to "explain" events.
MacroMind Director
Authors: Proctor Len
Published: June 2024

The MacroMind Director is a software package designed to turn the Macintosh into a sophisticated multimedia production studio. While other computer graphics packages do a very credible job of assisting the user to create and present computer generated slides or overhead transparencies, few tools allow the user to combine the attributes of sound, animation and graphics in one document. The MacroMind Director is one presentation authoring package that does have this kind of flexibility. It can be used to create presentations that range in complexity from the production of a simple black and white title slide to a full color, animated motion picture production with an accompanying sound track.
Love and Theft in Dance Economies
Authors: Aldape Muñoz Juan Manuel
Published: June 2024

The emergence of blockchain dance tokens is reshaping the dynamics of race in short-form dance videos within digital economies. While blockchain technologies primarily have been associated with cryptocurrencies like bitcoin, they are changing the arts sector, particularly dance and choreography. This transformation has significant implications for understanding the valorization of Black labor and aesthetics. By examining two distinct choreographic initiatives, we can grasp the profound impact of blockchain cultural production and distribution ecosystems. One example is the work of JaQuel Knight, renowned for choreographing iconic music videos, including Beyoncé’s. Knight's efforts to copyright his dances and empower Black choreographers reflect a shift towards artist ownership of dance steps. Another case study involves the Renegade dance, initially popularized on TikTok. Despite its viral success, choreographer Jalaiah Harmon struggled for recognition. Now, with the advent of dance Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), artists can monetize their work and bridge the gap between labor and circulation. These innovative legal and financial pathways mark the emergence of crypto-choreographies, enabling Black artists to reimagine and carry out a post-extractive dance world. This transcends conventional debates of dance appreciation versus appropriation, signaling a transformative shift in aesthetic economies and the limits of choreographic copyright law.
Dynamic panel data analysis of the impact of governance on bank capital structure in Indonesia
Authors: Titik Kristanti Farida , Fitriyani Hikmah , Krisnawati Astrie
Published: June 2024

The banking industry plays a crucial role in driving the Indonesian economy. Therefore, any financial upheaval within this sector would have a significant influence on the overall economy. Hence, this study examines the capital composition of banking institutions in Indonesia to assess the financial soundness of the banks. A bank’s susceptibility to default will adversely affect client confidence in the bank. This study investigates the influence of governance attributes, such as board size, board meeting frequency, risk committee presence, institutional ownership, and independent committee existence, on the capital structure of Indonesian banks. 31 samples were intentionally chosen using purposeful sampling. Data estimation was performed using a two-step Arellano-Bond Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator. The findings suggest that the bank risk committee, institutional ownership, and independent committee exert a notable and favorable influence on the capital structure of banks in Indonesia. Nevertheless, the size of the board and the frequency of board meetings do not exert a substantial impact. The size of the board and the use of leverage have no substantial impact. Developing efficient corporate governance procedures is essential for ensuring the bank’s financial stability. This involves maximizing the effectiveness of the risk committee, institutional ownership, and independent committee.
AcknowledgmentThis paper is funded by PPM-PTM Grants of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology of 2023 (03/SP2H/RT-MONO/LL4/2023).
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SUBSTITUTED GROUP CONTROLLED PYRENE DERIVATIVES WITH RADICAL CATIONS
Authors: Li Shunjie , Chen Jian
Published: June 2024

Two novel alkyl thiophene-modified pyrene derivatives (1)-(2) were created and synthesized using palladium-catalyzed Stille coupling processes and Friedel-Crafts reaction of pyrene. The polycyclic aromatic groups of the thiophene-modified pyrene were oxidized with Ag[Al(OC(CF3)3)4] to provide the insensitive radical cations 1•+-2•+ based on the alkyl thiophene-modified pyrene derivatives. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), UV-Vis spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, were used to investigate their structures and properties. The pyrene moieties were the primary location of the electron spin distribution, with a little overflow onto the outer thiophene moieties. Due to the different substituent groups, free radicals 1•+-2•+ exhibit some different properties. Compound 1•+ is the most extensive thiophene-modified pyrene radical cation that has been reported. These species are anticipated to have wide-ranging potential in the areas of optoelectronic materials and semiconductors.
Población invernante de milano real Milvus milvus en Gipuzkoa en el invierno 2023/2024 y evaluación sobre el papel de aves marcadas mediante GPS en la localización de dormideros
Authors: Olano Mikel , Arizaga Juan
Published: June 2024

La conservación de aves migratorias no solo depende de las condiciones que se dan en sus áreas de reproducción, sino también en las zonas que conforman sus destinos invernales. Determinar la localización de estas áreas y estimar los tamaños de las poblaciones que las ocupan es, así, fundamental. El milano real Milvus milvus es una de las rapaces más amenazadas del sur de Europa. Durante los últimos tiempos, la Diputación Foral de Gipuzkoa (DFG) está llevando a cabo un seguimiento de la población de milano real en esta provincia, tanto en época de reproducción como en invierno. Este artículo se desarrolla con el fin de actualizar la estima del tamaño de la población y la distribución geográfica de los dormideros que conforman la población no reproductora de la especie en la provincia y evaluar hasta qué punto el uso de datos de aves marcadas mediante GPS contribuye a la localización de dormideros. El número de milanos censados durante el invierno 2023/24 (censo de enero) ascendió a 838 individuos, distribuidos en 27 dormideros (aunque el número de estos ascendió hasta 46 si se considera todo el periodo de seguimiento -01.12.2023 al 14.01.2024-). Sobre el total de dormideros utilizados en 2024 (n = 27), 11 (40,8%) se localizaron a través de aves marcadas con GPS, albergando un total de 332 individuos (39,6%). La monitorización en 4 celdas del programa ‘LIFE EUROKITE’ de 5x5 km reveló una abundancia que no varió significativamente en relación a los tres inviernos anteriores. En conclusión, el censo de enero de 2024 duplicó los resultados del censo de enero de 2021. Parte de tal diferencia se deba posiblemente a sesgos causados por una detectabilidad imperfecta, si bien aún otra parte de la misma podría indicar un aumento real de la población en la zona de estudio, tanto de individuos locales residentes como de invernantes.
TIC como estrategias de mediación en la comprensión lectora de la educación básica y media
Authors: Garzón Beltrán Yaneth , Echenique Ortiz Martha Lucía
Published: June 2024

Actualmente, las TIC (Tecnologías de la Información y la comunicación) se han convertido en base fundamental para intervenir y desarrollar procesos en los cuales intervienen competencias cognitivas y habilidades comunicativas; por ello, esta investigación tiene como propósito analizar la implementación de recursos TIC como agentes mediadores en la comprensión lectora. La metodología se orientó a través de la revisión sistemática de la literatura, partiendo del interrogante: ¿Qué efectividad ha tenido la implementación de recursos TIC como agentes mediadores en la comprensión lectora de los estudiantes de las instituciones de educación básica y media en Colombia, durante los años 2015 a 2020? La secuencia metodológica se llevó a cabo teniendo en cuenta la pregunta problema, criterios de selección de documentos, estrategias de búsqueda, presentación de resultados, síntesis de la evidencia y conclusiones generales. La recolección de información se extrajo de trabajos de investigación y artículos científicos que responden a la pregunta problema. De este análisis se deriva el estado de desarrollo sobre la mediación pedagógica con las TIC propuesto ampliamente como un proceso alternativo para mejorar las habilidades lectoras.
METHOD OF LASER SPECKLE CONTRAST IMAGING: INVESTIGATION OF BRAIN BLOOD FLOW CONTROL IN EXPERIMENTS WITH RODENTS
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Bogotskoy К.А. , Tarasova O.S. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Panchin Yu.V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: June 2024

Laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) is used for real-time recording linear velocities of blood flow in cerebral surface vessels within a broad field of view. The review considers the underlying theory and provides several examples of the LSCI application for determining local and global changes of blood flow in murine somatosensory cortex evoked by whisker stimulation and respiratory hypercapnia, respectively.
BLOOD PROTEOMICS AND HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN FEMALES DURING MODELING THE EFFECTS OF SPACE FLIGHT BY IMMERSION
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Pastushkova L.Kh. , Rusanov V.B. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Kashirina D.N. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Popova O.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Goncharova A.G. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Nosovsky A.M. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Larina I.M. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: June 2024

The paper analyzes changes in blood proteome in a group of essentially healthy female subjects (30.17 ± 5.5 y.o.) following 3-day dry immersion (DI). Depending on the predominance of modulating vegetative effects determined by analysis of the heart rate variability (HRV), dynamics of the blood protein composition was analyzed using the dried blood spot sampling. It was demonstrated that in the period of baseline data collection with the usual motor activity, energy expenditure was provided mainly by carbohydrate contributors which, on the proteome level, varied with type of the pentose pathway regulation in individual subjects. Adaptation to DI in the group with the dominating parasympathetic tone was more acute than in the group with the sympathetic tone. Since in DI the motor activity is minimal, the proteomic changes represented a decrease in energy expenditure; vagus-mediated differences in regulation between the groups were leveled. In the post-DI period, differences in blood proteome modification shed light on the processes involved in functioning of heat shock and exosome proteins. After DI, the system of cardiovascular control remained still strained with dominating sympathetic regulation. These results are significant for understanding the gender-related difference in regulation of the CVS biological processes under the effects of modeled microgravity.
Variabilidad de resultados de la exploración geofísica de sitios usando métodos de ondas superficiales
Authors: Leyton Felipe , Montalva Gonzalo , Pastén César , Ruz Francisco , Sáez Esteban , Taiba Óscar , Tiznado Juan Carlos
Published: June 2024

Tras el terremoto del Maule 2010 (Mw 8.8), grandes cambios se produjeron en la normativa sísmica a nivelnacional. Uno de los aspectos interesantes fue el cambio en la metodología para la clasificación de suelos en la normaNCh433. En pocas palabras, se pasó del uso de parámetros de resistencia al uso de parámetros dinámicos del suelo,como el promedio armónico de la velocidad de propagación de ondas de corte en los 30 m superiores del terreno (Vs30)y el periodo predominante (Tg), que se evalúa incorporarlo. En este estudio, se comparan resultados obtenidos por4 equipos de trabajo que exploran seis sitios utilizando diversos sensores, geometrías y procedimientos, todos ellosusando Métodos de Ondas Superficiales (MOS). Se observa que, en general, la estimación de Vs30 y Tg son bastanterobustas, pero se encuentran importantes variaciones en los perfiles de velocidad obtenidos; es por ello que es necesariocontrarestar el resultado con la estratigrafia del sondaje. Estos resultados reflejan las limitaciones y potencialidadesde los MOS para estimar las propiedades dinámicas de sitios.
Estudio experimental en mesa vibradora de una estructura de madera de 3 pisos de entramado ligero con aisladores sísmicos friccionales resilientes a impacto
Authors: Quizanga Diego , Valdivieso Diego , Almazán José Luis , Guindos Pablo , López-García Diego
Published: June 2024

La construcción de edificios ha contribuido considerablemente en la contaminación ambiental. Por tal motivo, diferentes países han generado políticas públicas enfocadas a reducir la huella de carbono, incentivando el uso de la madera como material en la construcción. Por otra parte, la aislación basal es una tecnología probadamente eficaz de protección sísmica, que se ha implementado principalmente en edificios de concreto y acero, pero uno de los aspectos que más ha limitado su uso a nivel mundial, es el costo de su implementación (aisladores, losa de aislación, muro perimetral de impacto). En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de un estudio experimental en mesa vibradora de una estructura de madera de entramado ligero de 3 pisos a escala 1:2, con aisladores de tipo péndulo friccional resiliente a impacto lateral. Los resultados experimentales obtenidos indicaron que pese a haber sometido la estructura a excitaciones de gran intensidad, incluso con demandas superiores al sismo máximo posible, la superestructura no presentó daño. El uso de estos dispositivos evitaría la necesidad de construir un muro perimetral, ya que tienen la capacidad de absorber en forma controlada los efectos del eventual impacto de los deslizadores contra su propio anillo interno.
Análisis experimental de conexiones de momento viga-columna de racks de almacenamiento industrial
Authors: Sanhueza Marcelo , Maureira Nelson , Valdez Rodrigo
Published: June 2024

Se presentan resultados de ensayos de conexiones de momento viga-columna de racks de almacenamiento. Se realizaron ensayos cuasi-estáticos usando un actuador electromecánico controlado por desplazamiento a conexiones con dos diferentes torques de apriete de pernos. El montaje experimental contempla una columna 1.48 m de largo, rotulada en sus dos extremos, y una viga de largo 1.72 m. El actuador cuenta con una celda de carga de 900 kg de capacidad en su extremo de conexión con la viga y registra ladeformación aplicada mediante un sensor de desplazamiento de recorrido de 300 mm. La viga fue instrumentada con sensores de giro, disponiendo uno justo antes del apoyo, y dos en el perfil L que la conecta con la columna. El forzante corresponde a secuencias de desplazamiento cíclico tipo serrucho con amplitudes crecientes, adaptada del AISC341 (2022) sección K. Los resultados mostraronque, al incrementar el torque de 54.2 Nm a 108.5 Nm, la rigidez elástica se incrementó en un 45%. Un mayor torque de apriete generó reducción en el pinching y aumento en la energía disipada de la conexión, en comparación al caso con menor torque. En general, las conexiones fueron capaces de resistir rotaciones de hasta 0.07 rad.
Análisis no lineal estático con empuje incremental para la evaluación del nivel de desempeño de una edificación típica habitacional de muros de hormigón armado
Authors: Aguayo Ricardo , Vielma Juan Carlos , Carvallo Jorge
Published: June 2024

El análisis estático no lineal ha sido desarrollado en un edificio de hormigón armado para estudiar el comportamiento a flexo-compresión de los muros de corte y estimar el daño a partir del cumplimiento de estados límites definidos en el documento de Diseño basado en desempeño de ACHISINA. Un modelo refinado de fibra distribuida ha sido incorporado en toda la altura del edificio considerando el comportamiento confinado del hormigón a partir del detallamiento de las secciones estructurales. Un diafragma rígido ha sido considerado en la estructura para modelar el comportamiento de la losa de hormigón armado. El métodoN2 ha sido implementado considerando la demanda sísmica en formato aceleración - desplazamiento a partir del espectrode desplazamiento establecido en el DS61, redactado posteriormente al terremoto Mw = 8.8 del Maule del 2010. Considerando los resultados, se concluye que la estructura obtiene un nivel de desempeño de ocupación inmediata para drifts cercanos al 5‰ en la dirección simétrica Y, mientras que en la dirección asimétrica X se observa una mayor cantidad de daños proporcional a un nivel de seguridad de la vida.
Development and Validation of the Elderly Suicide Screening Scale
Authors: Silva Sabrina Piccinelli Zanchettin , Phinney Alison , Rebustini Flávio , Jamas Milena Temer , Bocchi Silvia Cristina Mangini
Published: June 2024

Background

This study stems from the need to develop and validate a tool for interprofessional teams in Primary health care for screening for suicide among the elderly in the community.

Objective

To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Non-Institutionalized Elderly Suicide Screening Scale (Escala de Rastreamento de Renúncia à Vida no Idoso não institucionalizado - ERRVI).

Methods

This is a psychometric study focused on evaluating evidence of content validity and internal structure. The ERRVI construction process followed the guidelines for scale development based on theoretical models derived from qualitative research, which followed the methodological and theoretical approaches of grounded theory and symbolic interaction. The instrument underwent content validity evidence analysis carried out by a panel of experts, considering the Content Validity Index (CVR). After the pre-test, the internal structure was evaluated using Exploratory Factor Analysis (AFE). Reliability was assessed using three indicators: Cronbach's alpha, Omega, and ORION scores. It involved 300 elderly individuals from two municipalities in the central-western region of Sao Paulo, Brazil, and was conducted from September to November 2020.

Results

The final version comprised 31 items, categorized into four dimensions: autonomy, self-governance, self-care, and life satisfaction. The total explained variance was 50.82%, with factor loadings ranging from 0.31 to 0.86. The reliability indicators revealed a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.88, McDonald's Omega of 0.95, and scores for the dimensions assessed by the Overall Reliability of Fully-Informative Prior Oblique N-EAP (ORION) ranging from 0.78 to 0.84.

Conclusion

The ERRVI showed evidence of content validity and internal structure in accordance with the recommended psychometric parameters. This is an innovative tool with the social value, given the scarcity of tools that screen the risk of suicide among the elderly in the community. It is the first of its kind in Brazil and the third globally.
Anxiety in Women with Endometriosis -A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Najdi Nazila , Vakilian Katayon , Almasi-Hashiani Amir , Mirzaie Fatemeh , Shokrpoor Maryam , Karimi Hourieh
Published: June 2024

Aim

The present study aims to assess the anxiety in endometriosis women.

Background

Endometriosis is a disease with chronic pain due to the presence of endometrial-like tissue in other organs of the body. Pain and infertility can reduce the quality of mental health in women’s underlying endometriosis.

Objectives

The present study wants to assess anxiety in endometriosis women and compare it with healthy women in Arak City in 2023.

Methods

The current research was conducted using a cross-sectional method. Eighty-four records of women who were diagnosed and treated by laparoscopy in one of the referral hospitals were included. In the control group, women who were referred to health centers for an annual checkup without any history of endometriosis were recruited for the study. They were entered into the study by convenience sampling. Two groups filled out the demographic and Anxiety Beck Inventory in 15 minutes. Data was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics using chi-square and t-tests using STATA software.

Results

The results showed that the mean age of patients in the case and control groups was 31.5 ±5.7 and 31.1 ±6.1, respectively (p=0.57). Findings revealed that there was a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of FSFI between the case and control, respectively (23.08 ±6.1vs 24.47 ±6.6; p=0.031).

Conclusion

The present study showed that women with endometriosis still experience more anxiety after surgery than healthy women. Therefore, the reasons for women's anxiety should be identified during consultations, and drug and non-drug treatment methods should be used to reduce their anxiety.
Variation of personality and ethical values in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Authors: Bung Nguyen Van
Published: June 2024

In searching for the face of Ho Chi Minh City's culture, the value theory approach has remarkable beginnings. Since 1986, the social scene in Ho Chi Minh City changed to a major turning point. Ho Chi Minh City accepts many economic sectors and many forms of ownership. A inherently static culture is seeking to transform into a dynamic culture that operates under the influence of market mechanisms. For culture, this is a real risk. Morality is associated with capacity, guaranteed by capacity. “City people” are understood as people who actively solve their life needs, do not passively rely on waiting, and are people who adapt to changes. Because of the two-sided changes and development needs, it is necessary to recognize the changes in personality values ​​and social ethics of Ho Chi Minh City according to Ho Chi Minh's principles.
Some Features of Islamic Educational Process of Dagestanis
Authors:   Institute of HAE DFRC RAS, Zaid Magomedovich Abdulagatov
Published: June 2024

The article demonstrates some features of Islamic educational process of Dagestanis in modern conditions. The research methodology included such methods as historical approach, statistics of Islamic educational process in the Republic of Dagestan, and sociological surveys. The author gives a critical analysis of official statistics of Islamic educational process in Dagestan, which, according to estimates, are rough regarding madrasas and foreign Islamic education of Dagestan Muslims. According to the author, a sharp decrease in the number of students in Islamic educational institutions of the republic is mainly the result of difficulties in obtaining licenses for educational activities, rather than the loss of interest of Dagestanis in Islamic education. The author emphasises the role of madrasas in the Islamic socialization of Dagestanis. Primary Islamic education involves a much larger number of young Dagestanis, especially schoolchildren, than madrasas and Muslim higher educational institutions. At the same time, there are no mechanisms for regulating this activity. The main feature of madrasas is that they form a religious worldview and a general view of the world and society. The author concludes that primary Islamic education in Dagestan should be brought in line with the legal norms of a secular state.
The Second Formation of Islamic Law in Premodern Maverannahr: Evidence of Manuscripts
Authors:   Independent researcher, Lola Nazarovna Dodkhudoeva
Published: June 2024

The collapse of the Timurid empire set in motion the complex mechanisms of the political reorgani-zation of Eurasia and led to the emergence of new political formations. The nomadic dynasty, Shi-banids Abu’l-khayrids (906–1007/1500–99), having established their power in Maverannahr, though powerful, but still a marginal stratum, as the Qarakhanids (381/606–991/1209), sought to reinforce their influence and authority. Both dynasties staked their claim on Sunni orthodoxy, which unified the basis of societal development. The struggle on the external contour against Shi’ism, which be-came the state ideology of Iran, required a reaffirmation of their legitimacy as an “al-firqa al-nājiyya”. In their state management, they needed a strong legal base. The region’s dominant Hanafi interpretative community, ulama, and faqihs launched a process of rethinking the Islamic legal her-itage. Ву identifying manuscripts of legal works in research holdings of Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, the author attempts to outline the corpus of writings that could help more accurately recreate the political-legal sphere of the Abu’l-khayrids khanate in the era considered as the second stage in the formation of Islamic law in pre-modern Eurasia.
The Role of the Afghan Armed Conflict of 1979–1989 in the Radicalization of Islam in Soviet Central Asia
Authors:   Department of Social Sciences of St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design, Taisiуa Vladimirovna Rabush
Published: June 2024

The Afghan War of 1979–1989 with the participation of the USSR became one of the significant factors in strengthening the influence of Islam throughout the world. The political leadership of the Soviet Union was concerned about the potential influence of the situation in Afghanistan on the radicalization of Islam in the Soviet Central Asian republics, with three of them having a land border with Afghanistan. Using American declassified documents, the author examines the plans and their execution by the foreign supporters of Afghan anti-government armed organizations regarding the Soviet Central Asian republics, as well as the religious situation in these republics. The author con-cludes that the situation in Afghanistan in the 1980s, although it had little impact on the position of Islam in Soviet Central Asia, created a basis for Islam’s further radicalization as early as in the post-Soviet period.
The influence of regional actors on the political status of the Afghan Taliban movement
Authors:   Center for Central Asian Studies, Institute of China and Modern Asia, Russian Academy of Sciences, Larisa Alexandrovna Shashok
Published: June 2024

This article examines the role of the countries of the Arab region and Asia in shaping the political status of the Taliban movement (prohibited in the Russian Federation) after its return to power in Afghanistan in 2021. The reaction of regional actors to regime change in the country is described. A comparative analysis of the relationship of these states with the first (1996–2001) and second (2021 – present) Tali-ban regimes is presented. The article highlights Afghanistan's interaction with other countries in the economic, financial and humanitarian fields, as well as in the field of infrastructure projects. Common interests that contribute to intensifying partnerships between Afghanistan and regional powers are as-sessed. At the same time, risks associated with the terrorist activities of militants stationed in the coun-try have been identified. Measures of supporting and counteracting the domestic and foreign policies of the Taliban movement by other countries are analyzed.
Contribuições de Dois Documentários Latino-Americanos Para uma Percepção Ampliada das Mudanças Climáticas a Partir de uma Leitura Decolonial
Authors: Tavares Denise
Published: June 2024

A constituição de uma nova sensibilidade em relação à crise ambiental tem sido pauta, direta ou indiretamente, de diversos atores sociais e produtos midiáticos. Destes, destacam-se os filmes e vídeos que focam a temática ambiental, em função do papel relevante que a cultura audiovisual representa hoje. Com essas premissas, este artigo foca os documentários latino-americanos Hija de la Laguna (2015) e A Mãe de Todas as Lutas (2021), com o propósito de discutir suas possíveis contribuições para uma percepção ampliada das causas climáticas. A partir da análise fílmica centrada nas protagonistas e nas escolhas estéticas e estilísticas de cada obra, este texto investiga como as narrativas dos dois documentários entrelaçam informação e conhecimento subjetivo; indivíduo e coletivo; local e global; memória pessoal e arquivos públicos; entre outros marcadores argumentativos. Essas categorizações são cotejadas ao posicionamento decolonial, assumido no texto de forma ampla, isto é, em diálogo com autores que incorporam as lutas das populações indígenas e/ou marginalizadas à teoria decolonial. Dentre os resultados encontrados, ressaltamos que os documentários estabelecem contranarrativas que permitem identificar a emersão do protagonismo feminino nas lutas pela posse da terra e da água, o posicionamento crítico em relação ao extrativismo (e neoextrativismo) e a permanência dos preconceitos étnico-raciais. Ressalta-se, ainda, nos dois filmes, a constituição de uma linguagem documentária que valoriza o sujeito, sem deixar de articulá-lo ao contexto social.
Identification of Knowledge and Technologies for Postharvest Use of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) and Its By-products: A Scientometric Analysis
Authors: Quintero Vásquez Luz Mary , Zambrano Muñoz Adriana del Pilar , Flórez Martínez Diego Hernando
Published: June 2024

Using crop by-products has become a key line of research in the current circular economy and bioeconomy scenario, specifically for extracting bioactive compounds of interest in designing and developing value-added products for food, cosmetics, health, biofuels, and animal feed industries. In Colombia, harvest and postharvest residues and crop surpluses have been underutilized as a potential source of bioactive compounds. Thus, the objective of this research is to analyze research insights and technologies used to take advantage of by-products from broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) cultivation through a methodological design that combines scientific intelligence, surveillance technology, and scientometric analysis methods and tools. We identified the current lines of research in postharvest and processing and the respective technologies in the topics of senescence, packaging and transport, shelf life, quality, drying process, and by-products, as well as research insights and technologies in health, integrated crop management, and genetics. Furthermore, the scarcity of research results on broccoli by-products and their use is highlighted, showing an opportunity to strengthen research on this topic. Finally, the challenges and future work for research on the exploitation of broccoli by-products are established based on the use of their bioactive compounds in value-added products.
Evaluación de las propiedades proximales, estructurales, morfológicas fisicoquímicas y de digestibilidad in vitro en mezclas de harinas de ñame y batata
Authors: Seña-Rambauth Karen Margarita , Hernández-Ruydíaz Jorge Emilio , Figueroa-Flórez Jorge Antonio , Salcedo-Mendoza Jairo Guadalupe , Ortega-Quintana Fabian Alberto
Published: June 2024

Yam (Dioscorea spp.) and sweet potato (Ipomeas batata) flours must be treated through modification processes because they have limitations in their physicochemical and structural properties for use in agri-food matrices. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different proportions of flours on the proximate, structural, morphological, physicochemical, pasting, and in vitro digestibility properties of yam and sweet potato flour blends. Flours were obtained by drying the tubers with hot air at 55 °C, and mixtures were prepared at 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25 w/w sweet potato and yam flour proportions, respectively. The yam starch granules were spherical, oval, irregular, and larger than those of sweet potatoes, which are ovoid and flared. Furthermore, yam and sweet potato granules presented with type-B and type-A diffraction patterns, respectively, which, together with the starch content, amylose, non-starch components, and their molecular interactions, influenced the decrease in the molecular order and degree of crystallinity of the flour blends, without altering the morphological characteristics of the simple flours. Additive and non-additive effects were observed on flour blends’ swelling power and water absorption capacity. Likewise, breakdown and setback viscosity increased, which decreased thermal stability, increased the tendency to retrogradation, and elevated the fractions of rapidly digestible starch and resistant starch. These results suggest the high potential of flour blends in preparing baked products from the Caribbean Region, such as white bread, cookies, and cakes.
Approaches to Evaluating Digital Health Technologies: Scoping Review
Authors: Rauwerdink Anneloek , Spinazze Pier , Gijsbers Harm , Molendijk Juul , Zwolsman Sandra , Schijven Marlies P , Chavannes Niels H , Kasteleyn Marise J
Published: June 2024

Background

Profound scientific evaluation of novel digital health technologies (DHTs) is key to enhance successful development and implementation. As such, we previously developed the eHealth evaluation cycle. The eHealth evaluation cycle contains 5 consecutive study phases: conceptual, development, feasibility, effectiveness, and implementation.

Objective

The aim of this study is to develop a better understanding of the daily practice of the eHealth evaluation cycle. Therefore, the objectives are to conduct a structured analysis of literature data to analyze the practice of the evaluation study phases and to determine which evaluation approaches are used in which study phase of the eHealth evaluation cycle.

Methods

We conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed including the MeSH term “telemedicine” in combination with a wide variety of evaluation approaches. Original peer-reviewed studies published in the year 2019 (pre-COVID-19 cohort) were included. Nonpatient-focused studies were excluded. Data on the following variables were extracted and systematically analyzed: journal, country, publication date, medical specialty, primary user, functionality, evaluation study phases, and evaluation approach. RStudio software was used to summarize the descriptive data and to perform statistical analyses.

Results

We included 824 studies after 1583 titles and abstracts were screened. The majority of the evaluation studies focused on the effectiveness (impact; 304/824, 36.9%) study phase, whereas uptake (implementation; 70/824, 8.5%) received the least focus. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs; 170/899, 18.9%) were the most commonly used DHT evaluation method. Within the effectiveness (impact) study phase, RCTs were used in one-half of the studies. In the conceptual and planning phases, survey research (27/78, 35%) and interview studies (27/78, 35%) were most frequently used. The United States published the largest amount of DHT evaluation studies (304/824, 36.9%). Psychiatry and mental health (89/840, 10.6%) and cardiology (75/840, 8.9%) had the majority of studies published within the field.

Conclusions

We composed the first comprehensive overview of the actual practice of implementing consecutive DHT evaluation study phases. We found that the study phases of the eHealth evaluation cycle are unequally studied and most attention is paid to the effectiveness study phase. In addition, the majority of the studies used an RCT design. However, in order to successfully develop and implement novel DHTs, stimulating equal evaluation of the sequential study phases of DHTs and selecting the right evaluation approach that fits the iterative nature of technology might be of the utmost importance.
Extent and Nature of Television Food and Nonalcoholic Beverage Marketing in 9 Asian Countries: Cross-Sectional Study Using a Harmonized Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Karupaiah Tilakavati , Rahman Shah Md Mahfuzur , Zhang Juan , Kumar Naveen , Jamiyan Batjargal , Pokharel Raj Kumar , Borazon Elaine Quintana , Thoradeniya Tharanga , Tho Nguyen Thi Thi , Mackay Sally , Kelly Bridget , Swinburn Boyd , Chinna Karuthan , Dashzeveg Enkhmyagmar , Ong Gild Rick , Narayanan Sreelakshmi Sankara , Sameeha Mohd Jamil , Uddin Mohammad Ahsan , Tang Yuxiang , Sharma Naresh Kumar , Pokharel Rishav , Rome Anna Christine , Wickramasinghe V Pujitha , Huy Phan Thanh
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Rising childhood obesity rates in Asia are adding risk for the future adult burden of obesity and noncommunicable diseases. Weak policies across most Asian countries enable unrestricted marketing of obesogenic foods and beverages to children. Television is the common medium for food marketing to reach this audience.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to assess the extent and nature of television food and nonalcoholic beverage marketing in 9 Asian countries (Bangladesh, China, India, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam) with capacity building support from the International Network for Food and Obesity/Non-Communicable Disease Research, Monitoring and Action Support, who enabled harmonization of data collection method and content analyses.

METHODS

Advertised foods were categorized as permitted or not permitted based on the nutrient profile models established by the World Health Organization regional offices for South-East Asia (SEARO) and the World Health Organization regional offices for Western Pacific (WPRO). Overall rates of food advertisements (advertisements per hour per channel) and persuasive strategy use were analyzed along with comparisons between children’s peak viewing time (PVT) and non-PVT.

RESULTS

Cross-country comparisons, irrespective of country income level, indicated that not permitted food advertising dominated children’s popular television channels, especially during PVT with rates as per WPRO or SEARO criteria ranging from 2.40/2.29 (Malaysia) to 9.70/9.41 advertisements per hour per channel (the Philippines). Persuasive strategy rates were also comparatively higher during PVT. Sugar-sweetened beverages, sugar-containing solid foods, and high salt- and fat-containing snacks and fast foods were frequently advertised. Evaluation of the application of WPRO and SEARO nutrient profile models identified inconsistencies due to regional taste and cuisine variations across Asia.

CONCLUSIONS

This study clearly showed that unhealthy food marketing through popular children’s television channels is widely occurring in Asia and is a clear breach of child rights. Evidence outcomes will benefit advocacy toward stronger policy regulations to control unhealthy food marketing and strengthen strategies to promote a healthier food environment for Asia’s children.
The Effect of Beneficial Controller Characteristics on True Surplus Management
Authors: Luo Danni
Published: June 2024

Surplus management, as a hot issue in economy, accounting, securities and other industries, is not only a simple accounting problem, but also a complex social problem. Surplus management and accounting information exist in a unity of opposites, the study of the impact of surplus management factors, is conducive to controlling and solving the enterprise surplus management problems brought about by the damage to the enterprise value. According to the purpose of surplus management and the theory of generating motives, we can know that surplus management is essentially a kind of specific means of the game of multiple interests. At the present stage, the way of surplus management has shifted, that is, from accrual to real surplus management, and the latter is difficult to be observed, which is more harmful to the enterprise. This paper selects China's A-share listed companies from 2013 to 2019 as a sample to empirically analyze the impact of the characteristics of the actual controller on real surplus management. The actual controller characteristics are categorized into the nature of equity, and the proportion of shareholding. It is found that (1) state-owned enterprises have a positive facilitating effect on the true surplus management of enterprises, while non-state-owned enterprises have a negative inhibiting effect on the true surplus management of enterprises; (2) the proportion of control has a negative effect on the true surplus management of enterprises. For the conclusion (2) also conducted a sample division to further verify the role of the control ratio on the management of corporate real surplus in enterprises with different equity nature, and the conclusion is consistent with the above.
Research on the Path of Total Factor Productivity Improvement in Multinational Enterprises: Based on fsQCA Methodology and TOE Framework
Authors: Chen Yuansheng
Published: June 2024

Promoting the improvement of Total Factor Productivity (TFP) in multinational enterprises (MNEs) is a crucial practical concern in light of global resource mobility. In this study, based on a sample of Chinese listed multinational enterprises in 2021, the multifaceted paths of MNEs to improve total factor productivity are explained based on the theoretical framework of TOE and empirically examined using the fsQCA method. This study finds that, on the one hand, MNEs can achieve high TFP through the technology-environment path, where innovation performance and government subsidies play a central role. On the other hand, MNEs can achieve development through the synergistic path of “technology-organization-environment”, in which innovation performance, firm size, and government subsidies are the key elements. This study elucidates the impact of technology, organizational structure, and environmental factors on the total factor productivity improvement of multinational enterprises. Practical insights are provided for optimizing the operations and management of MNEs.
APRENDER INGLÉS CON ANIMALES DE GRANJA
Authors: Torres Contreras Hugo , González Katherina
Published: June 2024

Las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación y su integración en los planes curriculares, son fundamentales para la educación infantil. En una escuela rural chilena, se utilizaron tablets y contenido de animales de granja para evaluar el aprendizaje de una segunda lengua (inglés) en preescolares. Mediante un diseño cuasi-experimental, se analizó cómo una estrategia de enseñanza, que integra un enfoque multisensorial y el concepto de biofilia, mejora el aprendizaje de inglés. La educadora de párvulos fue entrevistada para conocer sus metodologías de enseñanza, y los apoderados respondieron un cuestionario sobre el uso de tecnologías en el hogar. Los resultados muestran que los niños del grupo experimental aumentaron en un 176,3% su vocabulario en inglés, y aquellos con déficit de atención e hiperactividad reconocieron todas las palabras en una prueba posterior.
¿Qué le pasa a la montaña?
Authors: Micán Ruiz Karen Daniela , Rodríguez García Camilo Andrés
Published: June 2024

Este libro te invita a embarcarte en una travesía por la diversidad de situaciones que conforman la ruralidad colombiana. Descubre cómo, a través del trabajo comunitario y de la sabiduría ancestral de la montaña, podemos impulsar el cuidado de la naturaleza y enfrentarlos desafíos que la amenazan. Tú eres el protagonista en esta aventura, elige los senderos a seguir y da forma a la narrativa. Más que un libro, esta es una experiencia interactiva y reveladora.