bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relevance of Sulfate Functionalization and Porous Structure of TiO2 Ceramic Foams in Photocatalytic Degradation of Dye Molecules
Authors: Moraes Paula , Alves-Rosa Marinalva , Santilli Celso , Pulcinelli Sandra
Published: May 2024

A one-step route was developed for sulfate functionalization of titania foam, consisting of integrating the sol-gel process with an emulsion template. The resulting material was used to evaluate the relevance of the porous structure and surface sulfate groups in the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B molecules in water under UV irradiation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the anatase crystalline phase was metastabilized by functionalization of the surface with sulfate species, which caused the crystallite size to decrease from 21 to 10 nm, while the specific surface area increased from 4 to 42 cm2 g-1. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements during heating of the non-sulfated (E-TiO2) and sulfated (E-TiO2/SO42-) sols emulsified with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as surfactant and isopropyl myristate as the nonpolar phase, revealed formation of the liquid crystalline structure. Elimination of this mesophase template allowed the preparation of ceramic foams with hierarchical structure formed by meso- and macropore families. The kinetics of photodegradation reaction of Rhodamine B followed a pseudofirst order mechanism. The most efficient photocatalytic activity (higher rate constant and shorter half-life time) was obtained for the foam templated using 20% of SDS (E-TiO2/SO42- 20SDS), which exhibited the highest values for porosity (93%) and specific surface area (80 m3 g-1).
Unpleasant emotions and associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in a university
Authors: Mejía Toiber Jana A. , Escobar Acevedo Marco A. , Cuéllar Castilla Ana María , Gutiérrez González Alejandro , Puga Castro Rodrigo
Published: May 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically impacted Mexico, leading to the closure of educational institutions nationwide. Two years into the pandemic, schools, including the Technological University of Querétaro, were officially reopened. We surveyed the university community to evaluate the prevalence of unpleasant emotions. We gather data on demographics, social connections, psychological factors, and significant lifestyle changes attributed to the pandemic. Our analysis, based on a multivariable logistic regression, included responses from 2,616 participants. We identified an 8-24% prevalence rate for unpleasant emotions within our sample. Exhaustion, boredom, and frustration were the most intensely experienced emotions. The analysis revealed several risk factors for heightened unpleasant emotions: being a student (odds ratio [OR] = 1.85), younger age (OR = 2.91-3.00), poly-drug use (OR = 1.21-6.23), and increased substance consumption attributable to pandemic stress (OR = 3.32). Additionally, gender differences were observed, with female participants reporting higher levels of unpleasant emotions (OR = 1.18). Other significant factors included being single (OR = 1.61), experiencing social isolation (OR = 12.07), psychophysiological changes (OR = 6.59-174), and suicidal ideation (OR = 33.25). Our findings indicate a broad variation in the prevalence of unpleasant emotions among the university community, influenced by a range of demographic and psychosocial factors.
Numerical modeling and simulation of water hammer phenomena using the MacCormack method
Authors: Toumi Abdelouaheb , Sekiou Fateh , Afoufou Fateh
Published: May 2024

Water hammer refers to pressure fluctuations caused by changes in fluid speed in hydraulic systems. This research proposes a model using the MacCormack method to study and control water hammer, specifically focusing on managing valve closure to reduce shock wave pressure during transient flow. Numerical simulations compare linear and quadratic closure laws for both rapid and gradual valve closure, with the goal of identifying the optimal laws. The findings show that with faster closure times, the overpressure at the valve section decreases linearly in the second quarter of the return period (t4). The application of the quadratic law results in reduced pressures at the valve compared to the linear law, with a maximum pressure difference of 0.05 bar between the highest and lowest values. When searching for the optimal valve closure law to mitigate overpressure, it is found that the exponent ‘m’ falls within the range of 1.117–1.599. As the slow closing time increases gradually, the range of variation for ‘m’ decreases. Furthermore, in the case of underpressure prevention, the exponent ‘m’ ranges from 0.95 to 1.419, and the range of ‘m’ remains relatively constant with the increase in closing time.
MiR-625-5p Modulates the Metastasis and Proliferation of Gastric Cancer Cells by Governing the M6A Demethylase ALKBH5
Authors: Jiang Wenjun , Guo Xiaodi , Ma Shanbo , Chang Yuanhong , Li Ya
Published: May 2024

Background:

Gastric cancer is a prevalent malignant tumor globally, with metastasis and
recurrence serving as primary contributors to the diminished survival rates observed in patients with
advanced stages of the disease. Despite numerous investigations into the pathogenesis of gastric
cancer, the significance of m6A demethylase ALKBH5 in the initiation and progression of the disease
has been established, yet its precise mechanism remains incompletely understood.

Methods:

Immunohistochemistry was utilized for the evaluation of ALKBH5 expression in gastric
cancer tissues, while RT-qPCR and WB were employed for the analysis of ALKBH5 expression in
cells. Additionally, the levels of m6A methylation in RNA were assessed using the EpiQuikTM m6A
methylation quantitative assay kit. The proliferative and metastatic potentials of gastric cancer cells
were assessed using the CCK-8 and Transwell cell assays, respectively. The binding site between
miR-625-5p and ALKBH5 was predicted through the TargetScan website, and the interaction was
confirmed using a dual luciferase reporter assay.

Results:

The research findings indicated a significant increase in m6A methylation levels in gastric
cancer cells, concomitant with a substantial decrease in ALKBH5 expression. ALKBH5 can inhibit
the proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer cells. Additionally, the interaction between miR-
625-5p and the 3'-UTR of ALKBH5 mRNA, resulting in the suppression of ALKBH5 expression,
was validated.

Conclusions:

Through its specific interaction with ALKBH5, miR-625-5p modulates the proliferation
and metastatic potential of gastric cancer cells, bridging a previously unexplored link in the
pathogenesis of gastric cancer between miR-625-5p and ALKBH5. This finding suggests that miR-
625-5p could be a potential target for treating gastric cancer, with the goal of enhancing patient outcomes
and quality of life.
Polymeric Nanoparticles for Wound Healing
Authors: Koliqi Rozafa , Uskokovic Vuk , Breznica Salmani Pranvera , Daka Grapci Arlinda , Mahapatra Chinmaya
Published: May 2024

Skin injury is one of the most prevalent lesions in humans, and many such wounds, including
deep burns and chronic skin wounds, are notoriously difficult to heal. It has been established
by medical practitioners that current wound therapies are not perfectly effective and are far from satisfactory.
Meanwhile, nanotechnologies have made it possible to develop pharmaceutical formulations
that can elevate the effectiveness of conventional pharmacotherapies to entirely new heights.
Most nanostructured biomaterials used to treat wounds, including those that have helped establish
this fascinating subject, have been polymeric. The bibliographic analysis presented here shows a
steady growth in the research output of studies on the use of polymeric nanoparticles in wound healing
therapies. This article provides an overview of polymeric nanoparticles for the treatment of
wounds with an emphasis on different chemistries and polymer-drug combinations that have been
proven the most effective. The wound age, pathophysiology, wound healing treatments of the present
and past, as well as the physicochemical nature and methods for the synthesis of polymeric nanoparticles,
are all covered in the opening parts of the review. The existing polymeric nano-drug delivery
systems with the greatest promise for wound healing and skin regeneration are subsequently
addressed and their potentials summarized.
The Quality of Communication and Depression Levels among Elderly Residents in Nursing Homes
Authors: Setyoadi Setyoadi , Setyorini Ika , Irmayanti Ni Kadek Ayu Depy , Ismail Dina Dewi Sartika Lestari
Published: May 2024

Nursing home residents are more likely to experience symptoms of depression compared to seniors living at home. Older individuals face various physical and psychological challenges, such as hearing loss, vision impairment, and memory decline, which can hinder effective communication and diminish their overall well-being. This study aims to investigate the link between the quality of communication among older people in nursing homes and their levels of depression. The study uses observational analytics with a cross-sectional approach. The sample comprises 50 older individuals living in nursing homes, selected through purposive sampling. The independent variable is communication quality, evaluated using the Quality of Communication (QOC) questionnaire, while the dependent variable is depression level, assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) questionnaire. Data analysis involves calculating the Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient at a 95% confidence level. The research findings show that 60% of the older participants exhibited moderate communication quality, while 88% experienced mild depression. The Spearman Rho statistical test resulted in a p-value of 0.009 and a correlation coefficient of -0.366, indicating a significant inverse relationship between communication quality and depression among older people. Nurses are encouraged to promote communication among nursing home residents by organizing activity groups, facilitating interactions, and creating environments conducive to social engagement. In conclusion, effective communication plays a crucial role in lowering the depression levels of nursing home residents.
Research on the Gatekeeper Mechanism of Data Platforms under the Perspective of Data
Authors: Chen Haozhe , Guo Boning
Published: May 2024

Since the fifth technological revolution, represented by artificial intelligence, emerged, data has become an essential driving force for social operation and an important engine for economic growth. Data analysis activities based on artificial intelligence big data analysis models have significantly improved social productivity, especially in promoting the tertiary industry. Data analysis enables precise user targeting, thereby making services more rational and refined. However, while these platforms apply and analyze data, non-compliant usage, illegal usage, and even criminal activities are prevalent. Consequently, the gatekeeper mechanism has been introduced in China as a safeguard mechanism for data compliance, serving as a baseline system to protect people's fundamental rights. This paper aims to explore the rationality of the "gatekeeper mechanism" and how to ensure the smooth implementation of this measure.
The External Construction of the Socialist Cultural Discourse System with Chinese Characteristics under the Threshold of Harmonizing Heterogenesis Translatology—Take the Cultural View of Harmonizing Heterogenesis Translatology as an Example
Authors: Li Mengying
Published: May 2024

This paper, based on the theory of Harmonizing Heterogenesis Translatology, explores the expression of the Chinese socialist cultural discourse system in external construction. By analyzing the practice of Harmonizing Heterogenesis Translatology in international cultural exchanges and its contribution to the enhancement of cultural soft power, it reveals the external perspective of the Chinese socialist cultural discourse system. The study found that the application of Harmonizing Heterogenesis Translatology in international communication can effectively disseminate China's cultural values, enhance China's cultural soft power, and contribute to the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind. Therefore, this research is of great theoretical and practical significance for strengthening the external dissemination of the Chinese socialist cultural discourse system and promoting the enhancement of cultural soft power.
A Study on the Problems and Prospects of Green Marketing in India
Authors: Meganathan Dr. R.
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Environmentalism has fast emerged as a worldwide phenomenon. Economic forces practicing green marketing strategies to respond the problems and issues of environmental challenges. Many consumers now display concern about environmental deterioration. Increasingly often they ask how much impact a product will have on the environment during its lifespan or during its disposal. This is the major impetus for green products and green marketing. Based on the data collected through a various literatures and studies, the paper makes an assessment of the extent of the problems and prospects of green marketing in India and lists implications of the study findings for the government and non-governmental organizations engaged in marketing of green ideas and products in the country. In the concluding section, suggestions provided for undertaking more thorough investigations in the area.
Study on Replacement of Fine Aggregate with Light Weighted Super Absorbent Material in Internal Curing Concrete
Authors: Chatale Ankita
Published: May 2024

Abstract: The process by which concrete gradually acquires hardened qualities because of cement's continuous hydration in the presence of enough heat and water is known as "curing." In order to preserve concrete and get the desired results for concrete structures—that is, sufficient concrete strength, durability, and dimensional stability curing becomes necessary. Water is becoming a more scarce resource by the day, so research into ways to save water when creating concrete and building is desperately needed. In order for concrete to acquire the desired qualities in its early phases, it must be cured, or kept at a suitable moisture content. Good curing, however, is frequently impractical. Concrete's microstructure and pore structure are developed by curing, which enhances the material's performance and longevity. Although they cause a decrease in the strength of the concrete, lightweight particles can enable internal curing (IC) in concrete and lessen autogenously shrinkage and accompanying cracking. In order to determine the impact of internal curing using recycled materials, an experiment was carried out. Sawdust (SD), granite fines (GF), and powdered recycled clay (PRC) was used in part place of conventional fine aggregates.
Enhancing Smart Contact through Java Spring Boot Integration
Authors: Banage Dikshant , Bhosale Shejal , Dalwale Pratham , Vishwakarma Shivam
Published: May 2024

Abstract: In the rapidly evolving landscape of digital interaction, effective contact management systems are pivotal for both personal and professional endeavors. This paper explores the integration of Java Spring Boot framework to enhance the efficiency and functionality of smart contact management systems. Leveraging the robust features of Spring Boot, developers can streamline the development process, improve scalability, and ensure seamless deployment. Through a comprehensive analysis, this research elucidates the design, implementation, and benefits of integrating Spring Boot in the development of smart contact management systems, promising a transformative approach to contact organization and accessibility.
Load Behaviour of Steel Beam with Opening using Finite Element Approach
Authors: Shiyekar Sandeep M. , Gawade Shrikrushna S. , Rathore Harsh K. , Hendre Rohan D. , Solanke Vishal M.
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This project investigates the structural behaviour of castellated steel beams through a combination of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and software investigation. Castellated beams, known for their web openings, offer improved structural performance with reduced weight. The study focuses on the deflection patterns of these beams under various loading conditions. ANSYS software was used to model and analyse the beams, both with and without stiffeners around the openings. The results indicate that the incorporation of stiffeners significantly enhances the beams' strength and reduces deflection, optimizing material usage without compromising structural integrity. The strategic placement of stiffeners led to a substantial reduction in steel volume, demonstrating an efficient design approach that balances weight reduction and strength. This work underscores the importance of FEA in optimizing structural designs, providing valuable insights into the behaviour of castellated beams and promoting innovative solutions for industrial applications. The findings contribute to the broader understanding of steel beam behaviour under different loading conditions, highlighting the effectiveness of stiffeners in enhancing performance and efficiency in structural engineering
Social challenge stressors and work engagement: the moderating role of political skill
Authors: De Moraes Romulo Matos , Miranda Valtair Afonso , Istoe Rosalee Santos Crespo
Published: May 2024

This study offers a counterpoint to the generalization of positive and linear effects resulting from challenge stressors in the workplace. The guiding objective was to verify whether social challenge stress impacts individuals' work engagement positively or negatively, according to the political skill degree available by professionals. We used moderation analysis and hierarchical regression to assess these relationships. The sample comes from civil servants of a Brazilian federal institution (N = 606). The results indicate that political skill moderates the relationship between social stress and engagement positively, except in cases where such skill is low, a situation in which the interaction becomes negative. The evidence also reveals that a positive curvilinear association better explains the association between social stress and work engagement. The findings suggest that the Challenge-Hindrance Stress Framework (CHF) has an application conditioned by the possible abilities that a given stressor demands to be evaluated as an obstacle or a challenge. We intended to extend the theory on stressors and contribute to the human resource management practice by elucidating conditions or portions of professionals in which the CHF does not apply or lacks contextualization.
Forming the benefit-oriented official assistance: Cross-country analysis
Authors:   CEMI RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation, Mikitchuk Marina ,   MSE MSU, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

We examine cross-country differences in the beneficent motive formation of aid to developing countries using data on 18 OECD donors for 2010–2019. The paper tested the theoretical determinants highlighted in the philosophy of collaboration on two subsamples of donors — those with a prevailing selfless motive and those with a mixed one. Our analysis shows that for the first group of countries, welfare and prosociality are significant factors of benefit-oriented aid, for the second — technological development. The components of civic culture, such as tolerance, trust, and public involvement in political decisions probably play a significant role regardless of the donor type . In addition, the paper explored key distinctions in the relationship between domestic and international aid. The results obtained expand the understanding of the cultural and historical contexts of untying aid, which remains one of the central tasks of the OECD.
Investigation of the impact of uncertainty indices on Bitcoin volatility using the ARDL model
Authors:   HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Pogorelova Polina
Published: May 2024

The article uses the ARDL model to study the impact of the VIX index and the indices of economic and market uncertainty based on data from the social network X (formerly Twitter, blocked in the Russian Federation) on the volatility of Bitcoin. To estimate the unobservable cryptocurrency volatility, the author uses a nonparametric estimator derived from 5-minute data on Bitcoin closing prices, considering adjustments if there are gaps within the day. The paper considers the data for the period from 02.01.2018 to 30.12.2022, divided into two half-periods: pre-COVID-19 period (from 02.01.2018 to 28.02.2020) and post-COVID-19 period (from 01.03.2020 to 31.12.2022). According to the results obtained by estimating the ARDL model at different half-periods, in the long term, there is a significant negative VIX index impact on the realized volatility of Bitcoin. This paper observed a short-term (instantaneous) significant positive effect on the realized volatility of Bitcoin for the index of market uncertainty TMU_ENG in the pre-COVID-19 period. The identified significant effects make it possible to use the VIX and TMU_ENG indices to improve the forecast quality in models for the volatility of the Bitcoin cryptocurrency.
Reconstruction of experimental thermal response functions from monitoring data of a borehole heat exchanger field
Authors: Heim Elisa , Pasquier Philippe , Dion Gabriel , Stoffel Phillip , Klitzsch Norbert
Published: May 2024

Thermal response functions are commonly used to describe the heat exchange capability of ground heat exchangers. When convolved with the ground thermal load, they allow for a quick and efficient prediction of the temperature evolution. Typically, thermal response functions are obtained through physical models of the heat transfer process. However, they can also be reconstructed directly from real experimental data, such as temperature measurements of the fluid leaving the boreholes. Here we reconstruct experimental response functions from monitoring data of 40 borehole heat exchangers. Each borehole is connected through a horizontal pipe to one of three underground vaults, in which sensors for fluid temperature and flow rate are installed. A data period of 27 days is used to deconvolve response functions for each borehole individually. The resulting functions reproduce the measured data with a root mean square error of less than 0.06 K. Moreover, they reveal subtle variations in the heat exchange potential of each individual borehole. Statistical analysis attributes those differences mainly to the length of the horizontal connecting pipes and the distance to neighboring boreholes. However, discrepancies for some boreholes suggest that not all variables affecting the heat transfer were taken into account.
A non-history dependent temporal superposition algorithm for the pint source solution
Authors: Lazzarotto Alberto , Basquens Marc , Cimmino Massimo
Published: May 2024

Optimal design and operation of borehole fields require accurate prediction of the dynamic heat transfer in the ground. For large borehole systems, current simulation algorithms do not have the scaling properties to enable complex borehole network simulations with both fine source discretizations as well as fine time resolution. This paper is focused on the so-called â€œnon-history dependentâ€ method, a procedure for the acceleration of the time superposition process with promising properties that could be instrumental to improve on current scaling limitations. In this development, we considered the case of the point source and we derived an analytical expression for the scheme. The computation of the temperature involves the integration of an oscillatory function. A scheme for the numerical integration step of the algorithm based on integration techniques for oscillatory integrals is proposed. We study the computational complexity of the algorithm, which is linear in the number of time steps and in the number of integration points. Additionally, refining the discretizations used to perform the numerical integral leads to accuracy close to double precision. As a result, we conclude that the algorithm presents both favorable accuracy and performance features.
Risk governance and financial stability of Islamic banks: A systematic literature review
Authors: Marnouch Bouchaib , El Khamlichi Abdelbari
Published: May 2024

The objective of this study is to identify studies that have addressed the impact of risk governance on the financial stability of Islamic banks. This study applied the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) method to identify and collect all studies that have addressed the impact of risk governance on the financial stability of Islamic banks. We worked only on articles published between 2000 and 2022. We found a wealth of literature on risk governance and financial stability. Our results identified 80 articles out of a total of 301 considered relevant to our analysis. Our results show that risk governance and financial stability are analyzed separately by researchers, and most researchers have analyzed the impact of risk governance on the performance of conventional, and Islamic banks. Battaglia et al. (2014), Jallali and Zoghlami (2022), and Raouf and Ahmed (2022) are among the researchers who have analyzed the impact of risk governance on financial stability. This study is the first to carry out a systematic review of the literature on the impact of risk governance on the financial stability of Islamic banks. It could be useful for future academic studies and researchers in this field.
Tannery effluent treatment in an effluent treatment plant enriched by microbial mixture is insufficient to remove contaminants
Authors: KATIYAR ARTI , BHASKAR MONIKA , Singh Amit , SHARMA DIVAKAR , GARG VISHAL , Singh Prashant , Yadav Mukesh Kumar
Published: May 2024

Tannery effluents (TE) are the major hazardous chemical wastes generated
by the leather or tannery industries during the processing and finishing
of the leather. Across the globe, India has secured second rank in
leather industries, contributing to producing hazardous chemical
wastes/tannery effluents that disturb the ecological balance. The
conventional microbial treatment strategy is one of the options, which
decreases the level of hazardous chemical wastes from tannery effluents.
This study aims to evaluate TE’s chemical composition, organic texture,
and metabolites using GC-MS, ICP-MS and other physiochemical analyses
after the conventional microbial treatment process at a common effluent
treatment plant (CETP). The results showed that most of the pollutant
parameters like COD, BOD, metal ions, sulphate, chromium, and organic
pollutants were significantly reduced in TE after the microbial
treatment. Moreover, results also showed that chlorophenols and
phthalate derivatives could not be biodegraded by the indigenous
microbial population in the aeration pond/tank of CETP.
Dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCF) assay on cell line showed that
untreated TE extract has the highest reactive oxygen species (ROS)
production than other samples (all p<0.01). The genotoxicity
of TE was reduced significantly in terms of Olive Tail Moment (OTM) and
% tail DNA after the conventional treatment process at CETP by 58.4%
and 36.45% in aerated tanks 1 and 2, respectively. However, TE samples
had higher pollution parameters and toxic effluents even after
conversion through microbial treatment. Therefore, results suggested
that adequate treatment of TE is crucial before its final
disposal/discharge into the environment.
Organic matter reaction kinetics in bioturbated sediments
Authors: Kuderer Matthias , Middelburg Jack J
Published: May 2024

Most organic matter delivered to the seafloor is degraded within the
bioturbated layer. Theory and empirical evidence have shown that organic
matter reactivity relates to the age of a particle. However, due to
particle mixing, the age-depth linear relation induced by sediment
accretion is obfuscated. Here we combine a Lagrangian particle tracking
model that resolves the age distribution of particles in the bioturbated
zone and couple it to age-dependent organic matter degradation. Depth
profiles for organic carbon concentration, reactivity and degradation
rate are presented for sediments receiving low-quality and high-quality
organic matter in coastal, continental slope and deep-sea environments.
Our results show that a simple first-order kinetics model suffices for
well-mixed sediments and systems receiving pre-processed materials. A
reactive continuum approach is needed for poorly-mixed sediments
receiving high-quality organic matter and for sediments below the
bioturbated layer.
Potential ecological and land management impacts of climate change on Andean ecosystems and agropastoral communities
Authors: Samanamud Melody Zarria , Boone Randall B
Published: May 2024

Mountain ecosystems are distributed across all continents, covering
about 27% of the world’s land surface. These regions support 1.1
billion people worldwide, about 15% of the global population, with 91%
in developing countries. Mountains are social-ecological systems
characterized by vertical gradients of climate and cultural and natural
diversity. Rapid shifts in topography and climatic regimes make mountain
ecosystems susceptible to climate change. People in these regions use
rangelands for extensive livestock production. However, many rangelands
previously used by local communities are currently under protection with
different use levels. Although it is anticipated that the effects of
climate change will be significant in the tropical Andes, the extent of
these impacts is still not well understood. This research explores
climate change’s potential ecological and land management impacts on two
agropastoral communities neighboring Huascarán National Park in the
Peruvian Andes. For this, we created the Agent-based model of laNd
management Dynamics and Ecosystem Services (ANDES) linked to L-Range, an
ecosystem-process model. L-Range simulates biogeochemical processes and
vegetation dynamics, e.g., monthly primary production, N and C cycling,
and plant population dynamics for rangeland ecosystems. Implementing
L-Range required parametrizing 54 climatic, edaphic, and plant variables
and using landscape and climatic information, e.g., fractional
vegetation cover, topographic features, soil properties, temperature,
and precipitation. The ANDES model is a spatially explicit model of
livestock grazing behavior, land and livestock management, and
households’ economies. The assessment of the model will involve using a
pattern-oriented approach, such as comparing simulated responses of the
daily fraction of biomass consumed by livestock and daily distance
traveled with information from reports and peerreview journals. The
validation of the L-Range model results also will require comparing the
model outputs, such as net primary production and vegetation cover, to
historic remotely sensed data. This research is in the phase of model
validation and data analysis. Thus, we present the methodology for
building the coupled model and preliminary findings.
ICESat-2 Satellite Altimetry Measurement of Ice Shelf Water influenced Fast Ice in Terra Nova Bay
Authors: Brett Gemma Marie , Gardiner Natasha Blaize , Rack Wolfgang
Published: May 2024

Coastal fast ice provides a protective barrier to continental land ice
and an important biological habitat. Antarctic fast ice extent has been
well quantified using satellite remote sensing but spaceborne
measurement of sea ice thickness remains challenging, especially near
the coast. Here, we present the first ICESat-2 laser altimeter fast ice
freeboard measurements and thickness retrievals in Antarctica. In north
Terra Nova Bay, ICESat-2 measured in situ validated fast ice freeboard
with high accuracy, detected higher freeboard of thicker Ice Shelf
Water-influenced fast ice with a sub-ice platelet layer beneath, and
distinguished smooth-thermodynamic and rough-dynamic fast ice
compositions. Estimates of sub-ice platelet layer thickness obtained by
comparing ICESat-2 ice thicknesses with projected fast ice thicknesses
and snow depths agreed with prior electromagnetic induction surveys.
ICESat-2 has significant potential for large-scale assessment of fast
ice thickness and for identifying regions of glacial meltwater outflow,
provided snow depth is constrained.
Challenges in submarine fiber-optic earthquake monitoring
Authors: Igel Jonas Karl Hans , Klaasen Sara , Noe Sebastian , Nomikou Paraskevi , Karantzalos Konstantinos , Fichtner Andreas
Published: May 2024

Utilizing existing telecommunication cables for Distributed Acoustic
Sensing (DAS) experiments has eased the collection of seismological data
in previously difficult-to-access areas such as the ocean bottom. To
assess the potential of submarine DAS for monitoring seismic activity,
we conducted an experiment from mid-October to mid-December 2021 using a
45 km long dark fiber extending from the Greek island of Santorini along
the ocean bottom to the neighboring island of Ios. This region is of
great geophysical and public interest because of its historical and
recent seismic and volcanic activity, especially along the Kolumbo
volcanic chain. Besides recording anthropogenic noise and around 1000
seismic events, we observe the primary and secondary microseisms in the
submarine section, the latter inducing Scholte waves in a sediment layer
where the cable is well-coupled. By using the spectral element wave
propagation solver Salvus, we compute synthetic strains for earthquakes
with varying degrees of model complexity. Despite including topography,
a water layer, and a heterogeneous velocity model, we are unable to
reproduce the lack of coherence in our observed earthquake waveforms.
Backpropagation simulations for four observed earthquakes indicate that
clear convergence of the wavefield, and thus the ability to constrain a
source region, is only possible when all model complexities are
considered. We conclude that, despite the promising emergence of DAS,
monitoring capabilities are limited by often unfavorable cable
geometries, cable coupling, and the complexity of the medium.
Interrogating multiple cables simultaneously or jointly analyzing DAS
and seismometer data could help improve future monitoring experiments.
Patterns of earthquakes and aseismic slip on a heterogeneous strike-slip fault with static/kinetic friction and temperature-dependent creep
Authors: Zhou Xiaoyu , Ben-Zion Yehuda
Published: May 2024

An earthquake simulator is developed to study the dynamics of seismicity
and seismic/aseismic slip partitioning on a heterogeneous strike-slip
fault using a generalized model of a discrete fault governed by
static/dynamic friction and creep in an elastic half-space. Previous
versions of the simulator were shown to produce various realistic
seismicity patterns (e.g., frequency-magnitude event statistics,
hypocenter and slip distributions, temporal occurrence) using friction
levels and creep properties that vary in space but are fixed in time.
The new simulator incorporates frictional heat generation by earthquake
slip leading to temperature rises, subsequent diffusion cooling into the
half space, and time-dependent creep on the fault. The model assumes a
power law dependence of creep velocity on the local shear stress, with
temperature-dependent coefficients based on the Arrhenius equation.
Temperature rises due to seismic slip produce increased aseismic slip,
which can lead to further stress concentrations, aftershocks, and heat
generation in a feedback loop. The partitioning of seismic/aseismic slip
and space-time evolution of seismicity are strongly affected by the
temperature changes on the fault. The results are also affected
significantly by the difference between the static and kinetic friction
levels. The model produces realistic spatio-temporal distribution of
seismicity, transient aseismic slip patterns,
foreshock-mainshock-aftershock sequences, and a bimodal distribution of
earthquakes with background and clustered events similar to
observations. The simulator (EQsim) may be used to clarify relations
between fault properties and different features of seismicity and
aseismic slip, and to improve the understanding of failure patterns
preceding large earthquakes.
Constraining the uncertainty associated with sea salt aerosol parameterizations in global models using nudged UKESM1-AMIP simulations
Authors: Venugopal Abhijith Ulayottil , Bhatti Yusuf A. , Morgenstern Olaf , Williams Jonny , Edkins Nicholas John , Hardacre Catherine , Jones Anthony Crawford , Revell Laura
Published: May 2024

Sea salt is the largest source of natural aerosol in the atmosphere by
mass. Formed when ocean waves break and bubbles burst, sea salt aerosols
(SSA) influence Earth’s climate via direct and indirect processes.
Models participating in the sixth Coupled Model Intercomparison project
(CMIP6) demonstrate a negative effective radiative forcing when SSA
emissions are doubled. However, the magnitude of the effective radiative
forcing ranges widely from -0.35 +/- 0.04 W/m^2 to -2.28 +/- 0.07
W/m^2, with the largest difference over the Southern Ocean.
Differences in the response to doubled SSA emissions arise from model
uncertainty (e.g. individual model physics, aerosol size distribution)
and parameterization uncertainty (e.g. how SSA is produced in the
model). Here, we perform single-model experiments with UKESM1-AMIP
incorporating all of the SSA parameterizations used by the current
generation of CMIP6 Earth system models. Using a fixed SSA size
distribution, our experiments show that the parameterization uncertainty
causes large inter-model diversity in SSA emissions in the models,
particularly over the tropics and the Southern Ocean. The choice of
parameterization influences the ambient aerosol size distribution, cloud
condensation nuclei and cloud droplet number concentrations, and
therefore direct and indirect radiative forcing. We recommend that
modelling groups evaluate their SSA parameterizations and update them
where necessary in preparation for future model intercomparison
activities
A potential vorticity diagnostics package for MPAS-Atmosphere
Authors: Chasteen Manda B , Wong May W S , Szapiro Nicholas
Published: May 2024

Ertel’s potential vorticity (PV) is an important quantity in atmospheric
dynamics that succinctly encompasses the principles of mass, momentum,
and energy conservation and is applicable to all scales of motion. In
this paper, we describe the implementation of a PV diagnostics package
into the atmospheric component of the Model for Prediction Across Scales
(MPAS), a fully compressible nonhydrostatic global model that enables
regional mesh refinement to convection-permitting resolutions and is
highly suited for studies on multiscale process interactions and
forecast error-growth dynamics.

The version of the PV diagnostics package emphasized herein will be
included in an upcoming MPAS release and significantly improves upon an
original version that was introduced in MPAS v5.0. Specifically, this
revised version enables the calculation of the full Eulerian PV budget
at each time step Δt (i.e., the instantaneous budget) and the
accumulation of PV tendencies throughout the model integration (i.e.,
the accumulated budget). Through the formulation of the discretized PV
budget equation and global simulations conducted on a 15–3-km
variable-resolution mesh, we demonstrate that the instantaneous PV
budget closes down to machine roundoff in both single- and
double-precisions. Further, we find that the PV budget computed using
accumulated PV tendencies leads to a small source of residual that
arises due to the inherent nonlinearity of PV, which leads to leads to
mathematical inconsistencies between the discretized equation for
calculating the PV budget over any arbitrary period longer than Δt and
that which results from accumulating the PV tendencies themselves over
successive time steps.
Space Environmental Effects on Multifunctional Radiation Shielding Materials
Authors: Sen Subhayu , O'Dell John Scott , Yan Yongzhe , Heilbronn Lawrence , Ning Haibin , Finckenor Miria , Carrico Meghan , Pillay Selvum
Published: May 2024

The two primary material requirements for a crewed habitat or spacecraft
to operate beyond low earth orbit (LEO) include effective radiation
shielding against the space radiation and secondary neutron environment
and sufficient structural and thermal integrity. In this context it is
mandatory to study the effect of long duration space environment on any
proposed multifunctional radiation shielding material. In this paper we
discuss two radiation shielding composite architectures and their long
duration performance in LEO. Samples were flown on NASA’s The Materials
International Space Station Experiment (MISSE) platform and their
structural, optical, and radiation shielding capabilities were
characterized pre and post flight. Results showed composite architecture
can be key in determining expected damage irrespective of sample
placement orientation on the space station. A surface layer with a
protective or sacrificial coating can be instrumental in minimizing
property degradation even when exposed to orientations with high
estimated sun hours and high fluence of atomic oxygen.
Minimum degree condition of Berge Hamiltonicity in random 3-uniform hypergraphs
Authors: Chen Ailian , Zhang Liping
Published: May 2024

A graph H has Hamiltonicity if it contains a cycle which covers each vertex
of H. In graph theory, Hamiltonicity is a classical and worth studying
problem. In 1952, Dirac proved that any n-vertex graph H with minimum degree
at least ?n/2? has Hamiltonicity. In 2012, Lee and Sudakov proved that if p
? logn/n , then asympotically almost surely each n-vertex subgraph of
random graph G(n,p) with minimum degree at least (1/2 + o(1))np has
Hamiltonicity. In this paper, we exend Dirac?s theorem to random 3-uniform
hypergraphs. The random 3-uniform hypergraph model H3(n, p) consists of all
3-uniform hypergraphs on n vertices and every possible edge appears with
probability p randomly and independently. We prove that if p ? logn/n2,
then asympotically almost surely every n-vertex subgraph of H3(n, p) with
minimum degree at least (1/4 + o(1))(n 2)p has Berge Hamiltonicity. The
value logn/n2 and constant 1/4 both are best possible.
Cocycle deformations for weak Hopf algebras
Authors: Alonso Álvarez , Vilaboa Fernández , Rodríguez González
Published: May 2024

In this paper we introduce a theory of multiplication alteration by
two-cocycles for weak Hopf algebras. We show that, just like it happens for
Hopf algebras, if H a weak Hopf algebra and H? its weak Hopf algebra
deformation by a 2-cocycle ?, there is a braided monoidal category
equivalence between the categories of left-right Yetter-Drinfel?d modules
HYDH and H?YDH?. As a consequence we get in this context that the category
Rep(D(H)) of left modules over the Drinfel?d double D(H) can be identified
with the category Rep(D(H?)) of left modules over the Drinfel?d double
D(H?).
ΨDOs with radial symbols and spaces of type G
Authors: Jaksic Smiljana , Pilipovic Stevan
Published: May 2024

We investigate various G type spaces on Rd+ and their relations with the
Gelfand-Shilov S type spaces on R2d through the mapping w : R2d ? Rd+, w(x,
?) = (2x21 + 2?21 ,..., 2x2d + 2?2d ). Sufficient conditions for the
hypoellipticity of symbols originating from the coordinante radial symbols
in G type spaces are also given. Two open problems explained in the
introduction are posed.
Remark on the dilation of truncated Toeplitz operators
Authors: Ko Eungil , Lee Ji
Published: May 2024

An operator Su ?,? on L2 is called the dilation of a truncated Toeplitz
operator if for two symbols ?,? ? L? and an inner function u, Su ?,? f = ?Pu
f + ?Qu f holds for f ? L2 where Pu is the orthogonal projection of L2 onto
K2 u and Qu = I ?Pu. In this paper, we study the squares of the dilation of
truncated Toeplitz operators and the relation among its component operators.
In particular, we provide characterizations for the square of the dilation
of truncated Toeplitz operators Su ?,? to be an isometry and a self-adjoint
operator, respectively. As applications of the results, we find the cases
where (Su ?,?)2 is self-adjoint (resp., isometric) but Su ?,? is not
self-adjoint (resp., isometric).
Some Euclidean Berezin number inequalities of a pair of operators and their applications
Authors: Guesba Messaoud
Published: May 2024

In this paper, wepresent several sharp lower and upper bounds for the
Euclidean Berezin number of a pair of bounded linear operators defined on a
reproducing kernel Hilbert space. As applications of these bounds we deduce
some new results in this field. Further, some applications of the newly
obtained inequalities are also provided.
Some new neutrosophic normed sequence spaces defined by Jordan totient operator
Authors: Khan Vakeel , Et Mikail , Faisal Mohd
Published: May 2024

In 2020 ?lkhan et al. [10] defined Jordan?s totient matrix operator. In
this paper, the Jordan totient matrix operator Ar and I ? conver1ence are
used to define two new sequence spaces, CI 0(?,?,?)(Ar) and CI( ?,?,?)(Ar),
as the domain of the Jordan totient matrix operator Ar with respect to the
neutrosophic norm. Some results about these sequence spaces are also
studied.
The multiplicity and asymptotic forms of eigenvalues of vectorial diffusion equations with some certain assumptions
Authors: Ergün Abdullah
Published: May 2024

The main motivation point of this study is to obtain some novel results on
the multiplicity of eigenvalues of diffusion equations. A diffusion equation
with some boundary and jump conditions have been analyzed and integral
equations have been obtained for the solution under certain initial
conditions. Later, integral representations of these solutions have been
provided. Finally, asymptotic formulas of eigenvalues with zeros of the
characteristic have been considered. A brief conclusion has been given.
Progressive-Era Racism and Another 'Blaming the Victim' Narrative
Authors: Fiorito Luca
Published: May 2024

This note reproduces a brief article by Thomas Nixon Carver, a leading Progressive Era American economist on what was then called the ‘Negro Question’. This virtually unknown piece represents a striking in-stance of blaming the victim for her/his condition which is to be found in the economic literature of the period.
Pengaruh Kombinasi Populasi Tumpangsari Kedelai-Singkong pada Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Benih Tanaman Kedelai dan Hasil Umbi Singkong
Authors: Pramono Eko , Manik Tumiar Katarina B. , Hadi Muhammad Syamsoel , Salsabila Erika Fadia
Published: May 2024

Intercropping soybeans with cassava can become one solution to increase the production of soybean in Indonesia. This research aimed to determine the most optimal population combination of soybean-cassava intercropping for the growth and yield of soybean seeds, cassava tuber yield, and land use efficiency (LUE)..  The research was carried out on the farm land of the Main Seed Center in Sekincau District, West Lampung Regency, Lampung Province, Indonesia at -5°02’27” South and 104°18’16” East at elevation of 1173.1 meter from sea level and at the Seed and Plant Breeding Laboratory Faculty of Agriculture University of Lampung during June 2022 - February 2023. The four treatments of population combination of soybean-cassava intercropping were applied in a completely randomized block design (CRBD) and replicated five times in five blocks. The four population combination treatments of soybean-cassava intercropping were a) 100% soybean and 0% cassava (monoculture) (p₁), b) 67% soybean and 97% cassava (p₂), c) 67% soybean and 89% cassava (p₃), and d) 50% soybeans and 97% cassava (p₄). The growth and the seed yield per soybean stem of monoculture did not differ to those of the soybean-cassava intercropping, but the soybean seed yield per plot area of the intercropping was lower than those of monoculture. Its mainly due to the soybean population of the intercropping was lower compared to monoculture. All population combinations in soybean-cassava intercropping were effective in supporting the growth and yield of soybean seeds, but the population combination of 50% soybean and 97% cassava (p₄) was also effective in supporting cassava tuber yield, and had the highest land use efficiency among other population combinations. Key words:  flowering age, plant height, seed weight, tuber weight of cassava