bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REPRESENTAÇÃO DO NEGRO: A LEI 10639/03 NO ENSINO PÚBLICO ESTADUAL NA CIDADE DE POUSO ALEGRE-MG.
Authors: Brito Bruna Fatima , Domingues Andrea
Published: May 2019

Este artigo teve como objetivo a realização de uma análise sobre denominado escravo e/ou afro-brasileiro — é representado nos livros didáticos, do 6º ano ao 9º ano, destinados ao ensino fundamental da rede pública estadual da cidade de Pouso Alegre e discutir a implementação da lei n.º 10639/03, que se refere à obrigatoriedade do ensino da cultura africana e afro-brasileira no sistema escolar. Metodologicamente exploramos as memórias diversas contidas no livro didático e nos discursos através das imagens, cabendo ainda reforçar que a utilização de livros didáticos atuais como fonte de análise. Em uma análise preliminar das memórias contidas nos livros didáticos adotados no ensino fundamental na rede pública estadual como fonte desta pesquisa, foi possível perceber que os conteúdos referentes à cultura africana e afro-brasileira ainda trazem as representações calcadas pela ideia de folclore — um indicativo do controle tendencioso da identidade nacional, pois as imagens representadas no cotidiano são facilmente apreendidas e absorvidas sem questionamento.Abstract: This study aimed to carry out an analysis of how the so-called slave and / or african-Brazilian - is represented in textbooks, 6th grade to 9th grade, for the elementary school of public schools in the city of Pouso Alegre and discuss the implementation of law No. 10639/03, which refers to the obligation of the African culture teaching and african-Brazilian in the school system. Methodologically, explore the various memories contained in textbooks and speeches through the images, leaving further enhance the use of existing textbooks as a source of analysis. In a preliminary analysis of the memories contained in textbooks adopted in primary education in public schools as a source of this research, it was observed that the contents related to African culture and african-Brazilian still bring the representations tamped by folklore idea - an indication of biased control of national identity because the pictures represented in everyday life are easily grasped and absorbed without question.
DESIGNAÇÕES E REFERÊNCIAS SOBRE A GUERRA NA OBRA O DIÁRIO DE ANNE FRANK
Authors: Holanda Layana Pereira , Silva Rodrigo Alves
Published: May 2019

Este trabalho apresenta um gesto analítico acerca das designações e referências sobre a Segunda Guerra Mundial, em especial o Holocausto, bem como sobre seus protagonistas. Pretende-se fazer uma abordagem semântico-discursiva que permite analisar o discurso materializado nos dizeres enunciados pelo sujeito Anne Frank da obra O Diário de Anne Frank (2015). Tem-se como subsídios teóricos Pêcheux (2002), Orlandi (2003/2006), Guimarães (1995/2005) e Lopes (2009/2013). Elegeu-se como corpus os escritos do Diário intimista de Anne Frank composto em 345 páginas, lançado em 1947. Nele, é possível identificar registros consideráveis de designações e referências à Segunda Guerra Mundial e ao Holocausto. A pesquisa é feita por meio de análises das palavras, termos e expressões presentes na obra, utilizadas pela posição-sujeito Anne Frank, a fim de materializar, simbolicamente, e referir-se ao acontecimento Segunda Guerra Mundial, a qual vivenciou enquanto estava no anexo secreto. O indivíduo é interpelado em sujeito pela ideologia de uma época sangrenta. No caso de Anne Frank, ela é assujeitada principalmente pelo aparelho ideológico do Estado na figura de Adolf Hitler que impôs a “superioridade da raça ariana”, assim exterminando as minorias.  Palavras-Chave: ANÁLISE DO DISCURSO; SEMÂNTICA; DESIGNAÇÕES; REFERÊNCIAS.
O PROFESSOR E O SEU TRABALHO REPRESENTADOS EM DICIONÁRIOS
Authors: Gurgel Manoelito
Published: May 2019

Neste trabalho, considerando que as obras lexicográficas materializam discursos sociais, que são necessariamente ideológicos, propomos que os dicionários contribuem para a circulação de representações sobre, por exemplo, as profissões. Sendo assim, pretendemos identificar, neste trabalho, as representações sobre o professor (re)veladas em dicionários, a fim de problematizarmos como as obras lexicográficas representam o trabalho do professor. Para isso, assumindo as orientações do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo (BRONCKART & MACHADO, 2009) no que se refere à discussão sobre o trabalho do professor, analisamos os verbetes “professor”, “ensinar” e “ensino” de três dicionários online: Aulete, Michaelis e Priberam. Na análise, constatamos que, de fato, emergem, dos dicionários, representações sobre o professor, as quais estão relacionadas a concepções estritas do trabalho docente.Abstract: In this study, we intend to identify the teacher´s representations revealed in dictionaries, in order to draw attention to the problem of how lexicographic writings represent the teacher´s work. For that, taking into consideration the sociodiscursive interactionism (BRONCKART & MACHADO, 2009) regarding the discussion about the teacher´s work, we analyzed the entries “teacher”, “learning” and “teach” in three online dictionaries: Aulete, Michaelis and Priberam. In the analysis, we concluded that in fact the dictionaries tend to relate the teacher to a conception restricted to the teaching work.
MAD MAX: ESTRADA DA FÚRIA: MACHISMO VS FEMINISMO
Authors: Moreira Patricia Veronica
Published: May 2019

Neste artigo, analisamos uma polêmica iniciada com o lançamento do filme Mad Max: Estrada da Fúria, seguido da publicação de matérias online, tanto nos Estados Unidos quanto no Brasil, em que jornalistas e blogueiros produziram simulacros dos discursos de si e do Outro, no que tange o machismo e o feminismo. Desta forma, seguiu-se como referencial teórico-metodológico a hipótese de polêmica proposta por Maingueneau, na sua relação interdiscursiva e na produção de simulacros.Abstract:In this paper, we analyze the polemics started with the release of the film Mad Max: Furious road, followed by the publication of articles on the internet, in the US as well as in Brazil, in which journalists and bloggers produced simulacra of their own discourses and the Other, related to chauvinism and feminism. For this reason, this paper followed as methodological and theoretical framework the polemic hypothesis proposed by Maingueneau, in the inter-discourse relationship and on the simulacra production.
OS SENTIDOS ENTRE O VERBAL E O NÃO VERBAL
Authors: Nascimento Ilderlândio Assis de Andrade , Francelino Pedro Farias
Published: May 2019

Este trabalho objetiva analisar a inter-relação entre elementos verbais e não verbais na construção de sentidos do enunciado capa de revista, evidenciando aspectos sócio-político-ideológicos que instauram o conteúdo do discurso e que se materializam em palavras, cores, imagens, gestos, traços. Para isso, analisa-se o enunciado da capa da revista Veja de 27 de novembro de 2013, que discorre sobre a prisão dos condenados no processo do Mensalão. Mobilizam-se, para essa investigação, os pressupostos teórico-metodológicos do Círculo de Bakhtin e os estudos realizados no âmbito da Análise/Teoria Dialógica do Discurso. A análise mostra que os sentidos do enunciado capa de revista são construídos a partir da relação de interdependência e de complementaridade entre a linguagem verbal e não verbal. O enunciado capa de revista é palco do encontro entre vozes em que o estilo, a construção composicional, o conteúdo semântico-objetal desse enunciado é construído a partir do encontro entre discursos. Abstract: This work aims to analyze the interrelationship between verbal and non-verbal elements at magazine covers, evidencing socio-political-ideological aspects that stablish the speech content that materialize in words, colors, images, gestures, traces. For this, we analyze the utterance from Veja, magazine cover from November 27, 2013, which discusses the imprisonment of convicted in the Mensalão process. We mobilize to this research the theoretical and methodological assumptions from Bakhtin Circle and studies under Analysis/Dialogic Theory of Speech. The analysis shows that the meanings of the utterance are constructed from the relationship of interdependence and complementarity between the verbal and nonverbal. Thus, Magazine cover utterance is like a stage in which, voices, style, compositional structure and objectal-semantic content is built from the meeting between speeches.
OS ESTUDOS DOS LETRAMENTOS ACADÊMICOS NO BRASIL: INFLUÊNCIAS, ORIGENS E PERSPECTIVAS
Authors: Oliveira Giovane Fernandes
Published: May 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo reconstituir o surgimento do campo dos Estudos dos Letramentos Acadêmicos no Brasil, particularmente o daqueles inspirados por Brian Street. Para tanto, inicialmente, apresenta as principais influências estrangeiras das pesquisas nacionais que tomam como objeto as práticas sociais de uso da língua escrita na universidade; em seguida, recupera as grandes linhas da instauração disciplinar da vertente do letramento acadêmico no Brasil; e, por fim, reflete acerca das perspectivas futuras desses estudos no país a partir de sua relação com as Teorias do Texto, do Discurso e da Enunciação Résumé:Cet article a pour but de reconstituer l’émergence du champ des Études des Littératies Universitaires au Brésil, tout particulièrement de ceux inspirés par Brian Street. Pour y parvenir, on présente d’abord les influences étrangères principales des recherches nationales concernant les pratiques sociales d’usage de la langue écrite à l’université ; ensuite, on reprend les grandes lignes de l’instauration disciplinaire du champ de la littératie universitaire au Brésil ; pour finir, on réfléchit sur les perspectives futures de ces études au pays à partir de leur rapport aux Théories du Texte, du Discours et de l’Énonciation..
A CONSTRUÇÃO IMAGINÁRIA DA FIGURA FEMININA E SUAS INFLUÊNCIAS VITORIANAS
Authors: Carvalho Raíssa Rodrigues de
Published: May 2019

O presente artigo tem o propósito de trazer reflexões a respeito da construção imaginária da figura feminina contemporânea e possíveis influências vitorianas de acordo com a “História da Sexualidade: a vontade de saber”, de Michel Foucault. O trabalho foi realizado a partir de recortes e análises de cenas do filme “Histeria” levando em consideração a Análise de Discurso e a Psicanálise. Abstract:The present article has the purpose of bringing reflections about the imaginary construction of the contemporaneous feminine figure and potential Victorian influences according to “The History of Sexuality: the will to knowledge”, by Michel Foucault. This work was accomplished from fragments and scenes analysis of the film “Hysteria” taking into consideration the Discourse Analysis and Psychoanalysis.
ENTRE A LACUNA JURÍDICA E O SILENCIAMENTO: A FAMÍLIA HOMOAFETIVA PARA O DIREITO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Santos Adriana De Moraes Pereira , Massmann Débora , Brasil Patricia
Published: May 2019

Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar a linguagem jurídica e os processos de interpretação que se produzem a partir do texto jurídico-legislativo. A partir de uma posição teórico-analítica de entremeio que se sustenta, de um lado, nas ciências da linguagem e, de outro, nas ciências jurídicas, objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o funcionamento do discurso jurídica no que concerne aos laços familiares homoafetivos e compreender como a materialidade da lei, e as interpretações que daí derivam, fazem significar as uniões homoafetivas no âmbito do direito de família. Résumé:Cette étude se propose à analyser le langage juridique et les processus d'interprétation qui sont produir à propos du texte juridique-législatif. Inscrit d'une part, dans les sciences du langage et, d'autre part, dans les sciences juridiques, l'objectif de ce travail est d'investiguer le fonctionnement du discours juridique dans les rapports familiaux homoafecttives et de comprendre comment la matérialité de la loi, et les interprétations qui en découlent, signifient des rapports homoaffectives dans le cadre du droit de la famille.
DA VIOLÊNCIA DO DISCURSO AO DISCURSO DA VIOLÊNCIA: CONSTRUÇÕES MIDIÁTICAS ACERCA DA VIOLÊNCIA URBANA
Authors: Miranda Cássio Eduardo Soares
Published: May 2019

Este ensaio tem como objetivo analisar os discursos construídos acerca da violência urbana pela revista Veja online no intuito de se verificar o modo de organização do discurso acerca do tema, bem como os saberes compartilhados pela revista. Assume como referencial as teorizações sobre o discurso midiático proposto por P. Charaudeau e seus efeitos nos imaginários sociais a partir de J. Lacan. Metodologicamente, o ensaio descreve o corpus coletado, apresenta as regularidades discursivas, identifica suas visadas e demonstra  a intencionalidade do veículo de comunicação. Por fim, apresenta os critérios comuns que regem a construção do discurso informativo. Como resultado preliminar, contata-se o uso recorrente da encenação argumentativa pelo sujeito argumentante jornalista com predomínio de fórmulas discursivas que acionam valores compartilhados por um grupo tendo em vista o alcance do horizonte de expectativas desse grupo pela fabricação do consenso social.Abstract: This essay aims to analyze the discourses about urban violence by Veja online magazine to verify the way of organizing the discourse about the theme, as well as the knowledge shared by the magazine. It assumes as reference the theories on the media discourses proposed by P. Charaudeau and its effects on the social imaginaries from J. Lacan. Methodologically, the essay describes the collected corpus, presents the discursive regularities, identifies its aims and demonstrates the intentionality of the communication vehicle. Finally, it presents the common criteria that govern the construction of informative discourse. As a preliminary result, we contact the recurrent use of argumentative staging by the argumentative journalist subject with a predominance of discursive formulas that trigger values shared by a group in order to reach the expectations horizon of this group by the fabrication of social consensus.
CULTURAL DIFFERENCES IN CREATIVE REACTIONS TO AN AMBIGUOUS STIMULUS
Authors: Potměšilová Petra , Potměšil Miloň
Published: May 2019

Art therapy has been used in the Czech Republic since the 1950s, and the only thing that has changed over the course of time has been the target group to which art therapy is applied. Art therapy is currently used in three key areas: psychology, social work, and education, or, more precisely, special education. The purpose of the present study is to demonstrate the specific cultural differences during the use of art therapy procedures in the field of education, specifically during work with creativity. The target group for the research consisted of university students from Poland and the Czech Republic. The students were all presented with the same ambiguous stimulus, to which they were to respond artistically. The individual artistic responses were then classified into specific categories, and cultural differences were subsequently evaluated and described
Prebiotic effect of two grams of lactulose in healthy Japanese women: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial
Authors: Sakai Y. , Seki N. , Hamano K. , Ochi H. , Abe F. , Masuda K. , Iino H.
Published: May 2019

Sixty healthy Japanese women with a defaecation frequency of 2-4 times/week participated in this randomised, double-blind crossover trial. Participants received 2 g/day lactulose for 2 weeks and placebo in a random order, separated by a washout period of 3 weeks. Eight participants were excluded who did not satisfy the conditions, and therefore data from 52 were analysed. The primary outcome was defaecation frequency and the secondary outcomes were the number of defaecation days, faecal consistency, faecal volume, and the number and percentage of Bifidobacterium in faeces. The defaecation frequency (times/week) was significantly higher during lactulose (4.28±0.23) than placebo (3.83±0.23) treatment (delta (Δ) 0.45 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.10-0.80], P=0.013). The defaecation days (days/week) was significantly higher during lactulose (3.77±0.17) than placebo (3.47±0.17) treatment (Δ0.30 [95% CI 0.04-0.56], P=0.024). Faecal consistency using the Bristol Stool Scale (/defaecation) was significantly higher during lactulose (3.84±0.10) than placebo (3.68±0.10) treatment (Δ0.16 [95% CI 0.00-0.31], P=0.044). Faecal volume (/week) was significantly higher during lactulose (21.73±3.07) than placebo (17.65±3.07) treatment (Δ4.08 [95% CI 0.57-7.60], P=0.024). The number of Bifidobacterium in faeces (log colony forming units/g faeces) was significantly higher during lactulose (9.53±0.06) than placebo (9.16±0.06) treatment (Δ0.37 [95% CI 0.23-0.49], P<0.0001). The percentage of Bifidobacterium in faeces was also significantly higher during lactulose (25.3±1.4) than placebo (18.2±1.4) treatment (Δ7.1 [95% CI 2.9-11.4], P=0.0014). Finally, straining at defaecation (/defaecation) during lactulose (3.62±0.24) treatment was significantly lower than during placebo (3.97±0.24) treatment (Δ0.35 [95% CI -0.69 – -0.02], P=0.037). No significant difference was observed between lactulose and placebo with regard to flatulence. Severe adverse effects did not occur. Thus, oral ingestion of 2 g/day lactulose had a prebiotic effect, increasing the number and percentage of bifidobacteria in faeces, softening the faeces, and increasing defaecation frequency, but without increasing flatulence.
Impact of processing methods on microbial load of reared and wild-caught edible crickets (Scapsipedus icipe andGryllus bimaculatus) in Kenya
Authors: Gatheru J.W. , Khamis F.M. , Ombura F.L.O. , Nonoh J. , Tanga C.M. , Maina J. , Mohamed S.A. , Subramanian S. , Ekesi S. , Fiaboe K.K.M.
Published: May 2019

The microbial composition of farmed and wildScapsipedus icipe andGryllus bimaculatus is presented. The aim of this study is to determine the microbial load of the two cricket species and evaluate the efficiency of processing methods (boiling, sun-drying, freeze-drying, snap-freezing and deep-frying) in reducing microbial counts. Farmed and wild species were compared based on microbial diversity. Fresh crickets had high microbial counts, bacterial and fungal populations ranged from 4.26-4.58 log cfu/g and 3.48-4.48 log cfu/g fresh weight, respectively. Upon processing, microbial counts reduced, bacterial counts ranged from 1.00-2.08 log cfu/g dry weight (boiled) and 2.70-3.34 log cfu/g dry weight (sun-dried). Fungal counts ranged from1.85-1.95 log cfu/g dry weight (boiled) and 2.95-3.51 log cfu/g dry weight (sun-dried). Deep-frying, freeze-drying and snap-freezing emerged as the best processing methods. Although there is no alarm in consuming fresh crickets, a processing method is advisable to minimize any possible risks.
Labour market participation of refugees and asylum seekers in Brussels: innovation and institutional complementarity
Authors: Garnier Adèle , Piva Annaelle
Published: May 2019

Following the arrival of many asylum seekers in 2015-2016, the participation of asylum seekers and refugees in the labour market has become a major political concern. In Brussels, this issue is part of a context of structural unemployment affecting non-European populations in particular, and of an employment support policy which is opposed to targeted measures for refugees and asylum seekers. In order to address these challenges, organisations which work to promote the participation of refugees and asylum seekers in the labour market must innovate. This article focuses on four recent initiatives and how they fit into pre-existing institutional dynamics, in order to provide an analysis which complements the literature on the “Brussels institutional puzzle”.
Formation of Clinker Containing Lithium
Authors: Staněk Theodor , Rybová Alexandra , Zezulová Anežka , Boháč Martin
Published: May 2019

Nowadays, in industrial production, lithium consumption is strongly increasing and it can be assumed that waste material with an increased content of this metal could also appear. One of the most important sectors where different types of waste can be utilized is the cement industry. Therefore, it is desirable to monitor the influence of lithium on formation and properties of the clinker. In the presented work, this effect was monitored in laboratory conditions up to 5 wt.% Li2O. X-ray diffraction, DTA and optical microscopy were employed as research methods. Among other things, it has been found that Li2O causes the decomposition of the alite, the major clinker phase, to a microcrystalline mixture of belite and free lime, depending on its content and clinker cooling rate.
Extremophiles - Platform Strains for Sustainable Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates
Authors: Pernicova Iva , Kucera Dan , Novackova Ivana , Vodicka Juraj , Kovalcik Adriana , Obruca Stanislav
Published: May 2019

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are biodegradable polyesters, which are produced by various bacteria including numerous halophiles. Employment of halophilic strain for PHA production brings numerous benefits such as robustness of the process against contamination by ubiquitous mesophiles or possibility to isolate polymer from bacterial biomass via hypotonic lysis. In this work, we screened three moderate halophiles – Halomonas halophila, Halomonas organivorans and Halomonas salina for the presence of phaC gene encoding for PHA synthase and, subsequently, we have investigated their PHA production potential on various sugars. Among tested strains, H. organivorans demonstrated the extraordinary capacity of PHA production in particular on galactose and mannose since on these saccharides PHA content in dried bacterial cells reached 83 and 90 wt. % on mannose and galactose, respectively. Therefore, H. organivoras can be considered being promising PHA producing strain in particular suitable for the valorization of lignocellulose materials rich in galactomannans such as spent coffee grounds.
In Situ Monitoring of the Curing of a Bisphenol-A Epoxy Resin by Raman-Spectroscopy and Rheology
Authors: Strobel Moritz Elias , Kracalik Milan , Hild Sabine
Published: May 2019

In this study the curing of an epoxy resin consisted of a diglycidyl ether of bisphenolA (DGEBA) resin and an aromatic Polyamine hardener was monitored combining a Raman-spectrometer and shear rheometry (Rheo-Raman). The set-up allow to carry out curing experiments at various temperatures (100, 120, 140 and 160 °C) where rheological measurements were performed using an oscillation rheometer and a plate-plate geometry while simultaneously Raman spectra were recorded. Raman-spectroscopy allows the determination of the reaction turnover and therefore the degree of cross-linking. Combined with the rheological data obtained, e.g. the gel point and the vitrification point, one can get a better insight in the processes occurring and the influence of different measurement parameters on the obtained rheological properties. Thus, the reaction turnover has been investigated at significant stages of the curing process.
Sediment classification in a Brazilian reservoir: Pros and cons of parametric low frequencies
Authors: Sotiri Klajdi , Hilgert Stephan , Fuchs Stephan
Published: May 2019

Sediment is the main factor that limits the reservoir lifetime. Therefore, sediment classification is an essential tool for planning and operating reservoir management measures. There has been important development in the hydroacoustic classification of lakebed, especially with linear systems. The main restrictions while using linear hydroacoustic systems for lakebed classification are the shallow penetration in high-frequency applications or the low vertical and horizontal resolution when using low frequencies. With the new developments in the area of echo sounders, parametric systems can achieve high penetration while preserving the high vertical and lateral resolution. To investigate the performance of parametric systems, a new lakebed classification approach was implemented by using a SES2000 Compact. The area studied was the Passauna reservoir in Parana State, Brazil. We used the first echo division method for processing the acoustic data combined with sediment core and grab sampling. The two physical parameters investigated, were the share of the finest fraction (<63 µm) and wet bulk density (WBD). The results showed a high correlation between the primary frequency of 100 kHz (166 µs pulse length) and the physical parameters. Additionally, a significant correlation was observed with the acoustic parameters at 10 kHz frequency. The best correlating acoustic parameter was Attack/Decay (E1´/E1). The gas presence was found to be an important factor determining the penetration depth of the parametric system and the performance of the classification. The advantages of parametric systems, such small directivity and layering effect, represent the major restrictions in sediment classification applications.
Priests’ experience of the meaning of integrity with special reference to vocation
Authors: Edwards S. D. , Edwards D. J.
Published: May 2019

In its traditional association with some divine calling, the vocation of priesthood poses great human and spiritual challenges and opportunities along the developmental paths towards personal and ultimate integrity. This study used an interpretive phenomenological paradigm and qualitative research methodology in thematically analyzing and synthesizing the responses of a convenient sample of five Christian priests, four males and one female, with a mean age of 50 years (SD 9.31), with regard to their experiences of the meaning of integrity. Consistent evidence was provided of the depth and meaning attributed to their experience of integrity in personal, interpersonal, congregational and spiritual terms. In addition to appropriate criticism of the Christian religious system and inevitable human failings, the participants provide relevant, authentic evidence of their immersion in their personal, vocational and spiritual choices. Findings, limitations and implications are discussed within the context of psychology of religion.
The African Joseph and his contribution to Africa and Ancient Israel (Gen. 41: 41-45)
Authors: Adamo D. T.
Published: May 2019

The contentious Africanness of ancient Egypt/Egyptians is discussed at a great length since most Eurocentric biblical scholars erroneously believe that ancient Egypt/Egyptians belong to either Europe or Asia, despite the ancient Egyptian claim in their monuments (inscription of Hasheptsut) that they belong to Africa, precisely Punt. A close examination of Genesis 41:41-45 shows that the purpose of the elaborate ceremony/ritual is not only for Joseph’s promotion to the position of a vizier, but also mainly to make Joseph a full citizen of Egypt/Africa in order that he may be able to perform his duty as an Egyptian Deputy Governor. Unfortunately biblical scholars miss this fact. I have also emphasized that Joseph’s contribution to ancient Israel and Egypt/Africa is of great importance, despite the underestimation of these achievements of an African Joseph. This article aims to emphasize the fact that Joseph was made an African citizen and that he made great contribution to ancient Israel and Africa which is seldom recognized by many biblical scholars.
A Reflection on the legacies of Charles Darwin
Authors: Agai J. M.
Published: May 2019

The biological theory of human evolution existed before Charles Darwin. His view on the origins of animals attracted much debate among scientists and Chris-tians since 1859. Darwin’s view on the causes of variation among species which led to the emergence of humans has contributed to the development of an ideology according to which he is the father of evolution. This research is a historical reflection on Darwin’s life and his theory of evolution. The author describes the views that existed and still exist as responses to Darwin's life and his theory of evolution. The research is aimed at appreciating Darwin’s legacies and his contribution to the development of the various schools of thoughts among Christians regarding the creation/evolution debate.
Spirituality as a determinant of health risk behaviour among black university students in Limpopo, South Africa
Authors: Makhubela S. , Mashegoane S.
Published: May 2019

Data from 333 Black university students in Limpopo, South Africa were used to investigate the association between the spirituality dimensions of religious and existential wellbeing (RWB and EWB) and health risk behaviours. The mean scores of almost all health risk behaviours, with the exception of the daily eating of healthy foods, varied according to the levels of RWB (p ≤ 0.05). On the other hand, with regards to levels of EWB, the analysis of physical activity produced a gender by EWB interaction only, and the results pertaining to the drinking of alcoholic beverages were marginal (p ≤ 0.10). There was a marginal gender by EWB effect for cigarette and marijuana use (p ≤ 0.10), with a 0.019 effect size (partial eta squared) for each analysis, and a gender effect for both (p ≤ 0.001 and 0.01, respectively). Effectively, there were no instances of statistically significant main effect of EWB (p > 0.05). Apparently, the type or dimensionality of spirituality used is important, and future studies should investigate varied measures of the construct to establish its relationship with health risk behaviour.
О формальных группах Бухштабера специального вида
Authors: Ustinov Alexey Vladimirovich
Published: May 2019

В настоящей работе дается полное описание
формальных групп Бухштабера
$$
F(u,v)=\frac{u^2 A(v)-v^2 A(u)}{uB(v)-vB(u)},
$$
для которых ряды $A(x)$ и $B(x)$ связаны соотношением
$A(x)^\ell=B(x)^m$. Получено новое семейство
формальных групп Бухштабера,
зависящее от двух алгебраически независимых параметров.
Библиография: 12 названий.
Оценка нормы интерполяционного оператора Эрмита-Фейера
в пространствах Соболева
Authors: Fedotov Aleksandr Ivanovich
Published: May 2019

Получены верхние оценки норм интерполяционных операторов
Эрмита-Фейера в одномерных в многомерных периодических
пространствах Соболева. Показано, что в одномерном случае
норма этого оператора ограничена. В многомерном же случае
верхняя оценка зависит от соотношения числа узлов
по каждой координате.
Библиография: 22 названия.
Новое доказательство теоремы Протасова-Войнова о полугруппах неотрицательных матриц
Authors: Alpin Yuri Abdullovich , Al'pina Valentina Sergeevna
Published: May 2019

Предлагается новое комбинаторное доказательство
теоремы Протасова-Войнова о структуре
неприводимых полугрупп неотрицательных матриц.
Первоначальное доказательство было получено
геометрическими методами.
Библиография: 12 названий.
Исследование разрешимости термовязкоупругой модели
движения растворов полимеров, удовлетворяющей принципу объективности
Authors: Zvyagin Andrey Viktorovich
Published: May 2019

В статье доказывается существование слабых решений
начально-краевой задачи для математической модели,
описывающей движение слабо концентрированных
водных растворов полимеров. В изучаемой модели
реологическое соотношение, которое определяет
тип рассматриваемой жидкости, удовлетворяет принципу объективности.
Для этого в реологическом соотношении рассматривается
сглаженная объективная производная Яуманна.
Также в изучаемой математической модели вязкость среды зависит
от температуры, что приводит к появлению дополнительного уравнения
баланса энергии. Доказательство разрешимости рассматриваемой задачи
основано на аппроксимационно-топологическом подходе к исследованию
задач гидродинамики, а также на теории дробных степеней
положительного оператора.
Библиография: 23 названия.
Предквантование по Костанту симплектических многообразий
с контактными особенностями
Authors: Zot'ev Dmitrii Borisovich
Published: May 2019

Рассмотрена связь между условием квантования Бора-Зоммерфельда и целочисленностью симплектической структуры в единицах постоянной Планка. Предложены конструкции сферических и торических $\Theta$-ручек, которые позволяют строить симплектические многообразия с контактными особенностями, сохраняют предквантуемость по Костанту-Сурьо и обещают интересные топологические приложения. В частности, торическая $\Theta$-ручка склеивает слоения Лиувилля, а сферическая порождает (пред)квантуемые связные суммы симплектических многообразий. Так могут возникать неориентируемые многообразия.
Библиография: 18 названий.
Примеры решения обратной задачи рассеяния и уравнений иерархии Веселова-Новикова по данным рассеяния точечных потенциалов
Authors: Agal'tsov Aleksey Dmitrievich , Novikov Roman Gennadievich
Published: May 2019

Мы рассматриваем обратную задачу рассеяния для двумерного уравнения Шрeдингера при фиксированной положительной энергии. Наши результаты включают решение обратной задачи рассеяния для простейших амплитуд рассеяния. В частности, мы даем полное аналитическое решение обратной задачи рассеяния, с фазовой информацией и в бесфазовом случае, для одноточечных потенциалов типа Бете-Пайерлса-Ферми-Зельдовича-Березина-Фаддеева. Затем мы изучаем численные решения обратной задачи рассеяния для простейших амплитуд рассеяния, полученные с использованием метода задачи Римана-Гильберта-Манакова из теории солитонов. Наконец, мы применяем вышеупомянутые результаты по обратной задаче рассеяния для численного построения соответствующих решений нелинейных уравнений из иерархии Веселова-Новикова при фиксированной положительной энергии.
Библиография: 21 название.
Топограф Конвея, $\mathrm{PGL}_2(\mathbb Z)$-динамика и двузначные группы
Authors: Buchstaber Victor Matveevich , Veselov Aleksandr Petrovich
Published: May 2019

Топографический подход Конвея к бинарным квадратичным формам и тройкам Маркова рассматривается с точки зрения теории двузначных групп. Это естественно приводит к новому классу коммутативных двузначных групп, которые мы называем инволютивными.
Мы показываем, что в этом классе особую роль играет двузначная группа нестрогих векторов Конвея. Группа $\mathrm{PGL}_2(\mathbb{Z})$, описывающая симметрии топографа Конвея, действует автоморфизмами этой двузначной группы. Бинарные квадратичные формы интерпретируются при этом как примитивные элементы 2-алгебры Хопфа функций на группе Конвея. Этот факт используется для построения явного вложения группы Конвея в $\mathbb R$ и, тем самым, для введения на ней полного группового порядка.
Мы классифицируем все двузначные алгебраические инволютивные группы с симметричным законом умножения и показываем, что все они получаются косет-конструкцией из закона сложения на эллиптических кривых. В частности, это проясняет особую роль модификации уравнения Маркова, предложенной Морделлом, и показывает ее связь с двузначными группами из $K$-теории.
Статья заканчивается обсуждением роли двузначных групп и группы $\mathrm{PGL}_2(\mathbb{Z})$ в контексте интегрируемости в многозначной динамике.
Библиография: 104 названия.
Analisando as dissertações e teses da área de ensino na perspectiva da história e da filosofia da ciência no ensino de química
Authors: Gama Russo Ana Lúcia Rodrigues , Ròças Giselle
Published: May 2019

O levantamento apresentado neste artigo analisa vinte e uma dissertações e teses defendidas nos programas de pós-graduação recomendados pela CAPES na Área de Ensino, e que abordaram a inserção de História e Filosofia da Ciência no ensino de Química (assumido como corpus da pesquisa). Apesar das recomendações oficiais e da defesa de vários autores de que esta inserção deve atuar como elemento positivo no processo de ensino aprendizagem, observa-se que pouco disto efetivamente chega às salas de aula. Assim, buscamos identificar o que vem sendo proposto/estudado no âmbito do ensino de Química, entre 2011 e 2015, momento posterior à mudança de escopo da área pela CAPES. Esta foi uma pesquisa bibliográfica, seguida da análise de conteúdo com base em categorias definidas previamente. Na análise de nossos resultados prevaleceram pesquisas ligadas aos argumentos de criticidade nas categorias analíticas e, nas categorias temáticas, a análise de livros didáticos. Depreendemos que a temática está em expansão, necessitando de uma maior aproximação entre academia e salas de aula.
Controvérsias sobre o aquecimento global e ato responsável: uma categoria bakhtiniana para ajudar a pensar questões sociocientíficas em aulas de ciências
Authors: Barbosa Luis Gustavo D' Carlos , Lima Maria Emília Caixeta Castro , Machado Andréa Horta
Published: May 2019

No presente trabalho objetiva-se identificar elementos e dimensões preponderantes nos movimentos discursivos de professora e estudantes do 1º ano do ensino médio, ao fazerem juízos teóricos, agirem responsavelmente ou “tentarem escapar” de suas responsabilidades frente às controvérsias circulantes sobre o aquecimento global. Recorreu-se a elementos da filosofia moral e Teoria da Enunciação de Mikhail Bakhtin, por meio da análise de cadeias de enunciados em dois episódios recortados de uma sequência didática de dez aulas sobre o tema. Flagrou-se compreensões em ritmos e acentuações diversas, as certezas e dúvidas teóricas como não correlacionadas linearmente ao agir responsável, e o “ser apenas um na multidão” como principal álibi de escape de tal responsabilidade. Por fim, discute-se a implicação de repensar a criticidade e as tomadas de decisão como metas de aprendizagem, além de se recomendar estratégias para a ignição de atos responsáveis dos estudantes durante a abordagem de questões sociocientíficas.
A escolha teórica em controvérsias científicas: valores e seus juízos à luz de concepções kuhnianas
Authors: Raicik Anabel Cardoso , Angotti José André Peres
Published: May 2019

O estudo de controvérsias científicas é um tema complexo por suas peculiaridades contextuais. Filósofos, sociólogos, historiadores da ciência e pesquisadores em ensino de ciências têm mostrado que a sua análise pode apresentar perspectivas diversas que abrangem tanto a apreciação de sua gênese e progresso como ponderações acerca de seu término. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo discute concepções de Kuhn sobre valores na escolha teórica que podem contribuir para o entendimento do processo de término de debates calorosos na ciência. Além disso, tratando-se de um artigo teórico, aborda uma classificação de McMullin envolvendo resolução, encerramento e abandono de controvérsias na ciência. Com efeito, apresenta implicações para o ensino de ciências visando, sobretudo, romper com a visão limitada de que exclusivamente por meio de experimentações as querelas são resolvidas.
Multiplicidade de conhecimentos matemáticos na educação do campo
Authors: Sachs Línlya
Published: May 2019

Este texto tem como objetivo abordar a multiplicidade de conhecimentos matemáticos no contexto da educação do campo. Duas questões norteiam a discussão: (a) Fala-se muito em “conhecimento acumulado pela humanidade”; que conhecimento é esse e que “humanidade” é essa?; e (b) Quais conhecimentos têm espaço nos currículos escolares (em especial, no que se refere a aulas de matemática)? Com relação à questão (b), é feita uma análise de uma coleção de livros didáticos destinados a escolas do campo; e, para responder à questão (a), em um movimento de “ir aos saberes locais”, são analisadas tarefas propostas por professores de anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola do campo e as falas desses professores sobre essas tarefas. Com essa discussão, argumenta-se a favor da não crença na uniformidade de conhecimentos matemáticos, mas na multiplicidade de conhecimentos.
Interactions between aerosol organic components and liquid water content during haze episodes in Beijing
Authors: Li Xiaoxiao , Song Shaojie , Zhou Wei , Hao Jiming , Worsnop Douglas R. , Jiang Jingkun
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Aerosol liquid water (ALW) is ubiquitous in ambient aerosol and plays an important role in the formation of both aerosol organics and inorganics. To investigate the interactions between ALW and aerosol organics during haze formation and evolution, ALW was modelled based on long-term measurements of submicron aerosol compositions from different seasons in Beijing. ALW contributed by aerosol inorganics (ALWinorg) was modelled by ISORROPIA-II, and ALW contributed by organics (ALWorg) was estimated with κ-Köhler theory, where a real-time hygroscopicity parameter of the organics (κorg) calculated from the real-time organic oxygen-to-carbon (O/C) was used. Particle overall hygroscopicity (κtotal) was computed by weighting component hygroscopicity parameters based on their volume fractions in the mixture. We found that ALWorg, which is often neglected in traditional ALW modelling, contributes a significant fraction (18–32 %) to the total ALW in Beijing. The highest ALWorg fraction appears in the cleanest days when both the organic fraction and κorg are relatively high. The distinct variation of O/C, from 0.2 to 1.3, indicates the wide variety of organic components. This emphasizes the necessity of using real-time κorg, instead of using a fixed κorg, to calculate ALWorg in Beijing. The significant variation of κorg which was calculated from O/C, together with the highly variable organic or inorganic volume fractions, leads to a wide range of κtotal (between 0.20 and 0.45), which exerts great impacts on the water uptake. The variation of organic O/C, or derived κorg, was found to be influenced by T, ALW, and aerosol mass concentrations. Among which, T and ALW both have promoting effects on O/C. During high-ALW haze episodes, although the organic fraction decreases rapidly, O/C, or derived κorg, increases with the increase in ALW, suggesting the formation of more soluble organics via aqueous/heterogeneous-phase process. A positive feedback loop is thus formed: during high-ALW episodes, the ever-increasing κorg, together with the decreasing particle organic fraction (or increasing particle inorganic fraction), increases κtotal, thus further promotes the ability of particles to uptake water.
How will the key marine calcifier Emiliania huxleyi respond to a warmer and more thermally variable ocean?
Authors: Wang Xinwei , Fu Feixue , Qu Pingping , Kling Joshua D. , Jiang Haibo , Gao Yahui , Hutchins David A.
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Global warming will be combined with predicted increases in thermal variability in the future surface ocean, but how temperature dynamics will affect phytoplankton biology and biogeochemistry is largely unknown. Here, we examine the responses of the globally important marine coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi to thermal variations at two frequencies (one-day and two-day) at low (18.5 °C) and high (25.5 °C) mean temperatures. Elevated temperature and thermal variation decreased growth, calcification and physiological rates, both individually and interactively. One-day thermal variation frequencies were less inhibitory than two-day variations under high temperature, indicating that high frequency thermal fluctuations may reduce heat‐induced mortality and mitigate some impacts of extreme high temperature events. Cellular elemental composition and calcification was significantly affected by both thermal variation treatments relative to each other, and to the constant temperature controls. The negative effects of thermal variation on E. huxleyi growth rate and physiology are especially pronounced at high temperatures. These responses of the key marine calcifier E. huxleyi to warmer, more variable temperature regimes have potentially large implications for ocean productivity and marine biogeochemical cycles under a future changing climate.
Understanding the mechanisms behind high glacial productivity in the southern Brazilian margin
Authors: Portilho-Ramos Rodrigo da Costa , Pinho Tainã Marcos Lima , Chiessi Cristiano Mazur , Barbosa Cátia Fernandes
Published: May 2019

Abstract. This study explores the mechanisms behind the high glacial
productivity in the southern Brazilian margin (SBM) during the last 70 kyr using
planktonic foraminifera assemblage and subsurface temperature information derived using the modern analogue technique. We show that enhanced glacial
productivity was driven by the synergy of two mechanisms operating in
different seasons: (i) enhanced productivity in the upwelling region
during short austral summer events; and (ii) the persistent presence of the
Plata Plume Water (PPW) due to prolonged austral winter conditions. We suggest
that the upwelling systems in the southern Brazilian margin were more
productive during the last glacial period due to the enhanced Si supply for
diatom production by high-Si thermocline waters preformed in the
Southern Ocean. We hypothesize that orbital forcing did not have a major
influence on changes in upwelling during the last glacial period. However,
the more frequent northward intrusions of the Plata Plume Water were
modulated by austral winter insolation at 60∘ S via changes in the
strength of alongshore southwesterly winds. After the Last Glacial Maximum, the reduced
Si content of thermocline waters decreased upwelling productivity, while
lower austral winter insolation decreased the influence of the Plata Plume
Water over the southern Brazilian margin, reducing regional productivity.
„Es war kein Job, es war eine Berufung“ – Gouvernementale Führung, fragmentierte Subjekte und contre-conduite in der nichtstaatlichen Entwicklungspraxis
Authors: Linnemann Kirsten
Published: May 2019

Abstract. With their donation appeals aid organisations procure a polarised worldview of the self and other into our everyday lives and feed on discourses of “development” and “neediness”. This study investigates how the discourse of “development” is embedded in the subjectivities of “development” professionals. By approaching the topic from a governmentality perspective, the paper illustrates how “development” is (re-)produced through internalised Western values and powerful mechanisms of self-conduct. Meanwhile, this form of self-conduct, which is related to a “good cause”, also gives rise to doubts regarding the work, as well as fragmentations and shifts of identity. On the one hand, the paper outlines various coping strategies used by development professionals to maintain a coherent narrative about the self. On the other hand, it also shows how doubts and fragmentations of identity can generate a critical distance to “development” practice, providing a space for resistant and transformative practice in the sense of Foucauldian counter-conduct.