bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experience of Peer Bloggers Using a Social Media Website for Adolescents With Depression or Anxiety: Proof-of-Concept Study (Preprint)
Authors: Karim Sana , Hsiung Kimberly , Symonds Maria , Radovic Ana
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

Supporting Our Valued Adolescents (SOVA) is a moderated and anonymous social media website intervention. SOVA ambassadors are adolescents and young adults (AYA) asked to write monthly blog posts and comments on others’ posts on topics surrounding mental health.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to understand the feasibility and acceptability of peer blogging for a moderated mental health intervention website and explore whether bloggers—AYA who self-report symptoms of depression and anxiety—experience potential benefits.

METHODS

AYA aged 14 to 26 years with a self-reported history of depression or anxiety were recruited to the SOVA Peer Ambassador Program. Participants were asked to write one blog post a month and comment at least four times a month on other blog posts, for which they were compensated for up to US $15 monthly. Outcome variables measured at baseline and 3 months after intervention included website usability and feasibility, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, mental health treatment history, cybercoping, personal blogging style, self-esteem, loneliness, mental health stigma, social support, and positive youth development characteristics. Open-ended questions were asked about their blogging acceptability and usability.

RESULTS

Of 66 AYA showing interest and completing onboarding, 71% (47/66) wrote at least one blog post, with an average of 3 posts per person. A sample of 51% (34/66) of participants completed a 3-month survey for the full analysis. Almost all 34 participants were satisfied with the experience of blogging (32/34, 94%) and rated the website usability as good (80.1, SD 14.9). At 3 months, self-esteem scores increased by 2.1, with a small-medium effect size (P=.01; Cohen d=0.45), and youth competence and confidence increased by 0.7 (P=.002) and 1.3 (P=.002), with medium effect sizes (Cohen d=0.62 and 0.60), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

A blogging intervention for AYA with a history of depression or anxiety was feasible with regular and active engagement and shows evidence in a one-sample design for positive changes in strength-based assets—self-esteem, competence, and confidence—which map onto resilience.
THE IMPORTANCE OF LEAN MANUFACTURING AND SIX SIGMA CONCEPT FOR QUALITY MANAGEMENT OF SUPPLY CHAIN BUSINESS PROCESSES
Authors: Stojanović Jovana , Milovanović Goran
Published: December 2020

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the importance of lean and six sigma concepts and techniques on the basis of systematic knowledge gathered from relevant scientific sources, both for discovering supply chain processes where potential waste can occur and for improving the quality of those processes. The paper will first outline the key features and effects of applying lean and six sigma concepts in manufacturing and supply chains. The focus is on the frameworks and potentials of implementing the lean concept in the Republic of Serbia. Then, the possibilities of integrating these concepts into the lean six sigma concept are presented and its role in eliminating defects in business processes. The penultimate part of the paper outlines the key features of lean supply chain while the final part contains the mathematical frameworks for designing six sigma supply chains.
APPLICATION OF UNCONVENTIONAL MONETARY POLICY INSTRUMENTS IN MITIGATION OF THE ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF THE COVID 19 VIRUS PANDEMIC
Authors: Đorđević Marina , Đurović Todorović Jadranka , Ristić Cakić Milica
Published: December 2020

Unconventional monetary policy instruments are used in conditions when monetary policy has exhausted all the usual measures and instruments that are otherwise applied by the central bank in the regular process of conducting monetary policy. The most commonly used instruments are, of course, quantitative easing or quantitative alleviation.The aim of this paper is to point out the application of unconventional monetary policy instruments during the economic crisis caused by the COVID 19 virus pandemic in the most important banks in the world. After a theoretical overview of the concept of quantitative easing, the paper presents the empirical experiences of the Bank of Japan, the Fed, the ECB, and other central banks. Based on the analysis of applied measures and data on the use of quantitative facilities in selected central banks, it can be concluded that they resorted to the use of this instrument in times of crisis to a greater or lesser intensity. Also, the increased liquidity caused by their implementation had a significant impact on aggregate demand, inflation and GDP. This analysis can be useful to the monetary authorities in Serbia if they are to review the application of QE in the leading monetary institutions and help them to draw the conclusions that would lead to the most painless application of this instrument in the Republic of Serbia.
Cisto Sinovial Cervical. Relato de Caso
Authors: Gonçalves Romano Cruz Ribeiro Ramon , Pereira de Oliveira Rocha Thalita , Carolina Leite Ribeiro Ana , Maria Leal Rosas Carolina , Fernandes Klem Marina , Costa de Brito Barbosa Alves Maria , Gonçalves Romano Cruz Ribeiro Douglas
Published: December 2020

Cistos sinoviais são lesões extradurais benignas caracterizadas por um revestimento de epitélio sinovial que contêm líquido claro ou xantocrômico. Apresentam-se como herniação da cápsula articular da faceta intervertebral degenerativa. Podem desenvolver-se a partir de qualquer articulação revestida por membrana sinovial ou bainha tendinea, sendo relativamente incomuns na coluna vertebral e raros na topografia cervical. Objetivo: Descrever um caso de cisto sinovial cervical em paciente com sustentada radiculopatia dolorosa e discutir sobre a abordagem cirúrgica nestes casos. Métodos: Baseou-se em coleta de dados do prontuário da paciente e revisão de literatura nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS). Resultados: Obteve-se, através da abordagem cirúrgica com realização de hemilaminectomia de C6 à esquerda, a exérese do cisto, contribuindo para melhora da qualidade de vida da paciente, que evoluiu assintomática no pós-operatório. Conclusão: A maioria dos casos relatados de cistos sinoviais cervicais ocorreram no nível C7/T1. Assim, a formação dessa entidade ao nível de C6/C7 deve ser considerada como distinta, particularmente em pacientes com suspeita de hérnia de disco intervertebral. Visualiza-se assim, que devido à persistência dos sintomas na paciente, a ressecção cirúrgica mostrou-se eficaz e com bom resultado pós-operatório, sendo, também, uma boa alternativa.
Nascimento de um Neurocirurgião
Authors: Leitão de Carvalho Francisco Flávio
Published: December 2020

Estávamos no ano de 1962. Eu cursava o 4° ano da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Ceará. Presidia o país seu 24° presidente - o advogado epolítico João Goulart - que seria posteriormente deposto em face de suas Reformas de Base.
Vamos Recordar um Pouco
Authors: Landeiro José Alberto
Published: December 2020

Nasci na mesma cidade que nosso rei da música, Roberto Carlos, cidade de Cachoeiro do Itapemirim. Meu pai era bioquímico e professor de ciências e minha queridíssima mãe, uma professora de piano. Fui o mais velho de cinco irmãos. Meu sonho era ser jogador de futebol.
O Exame para Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh
Authors: Cirne de Azevedo Filho Hildo Rocha
Published: December 2020

Eu havia retornado da Inglaterra onde havia realizado meu treinamento na famosa The Radcliffe Infirmary, da Universidade de Oxford. O meu mentor foi Mr. Christopher Adams, neurocirurgião dotado de rara maestria e com um profundo conhecimento de neurologia clínica, visto que houvera feito dois anos detreinamento no Serviço de Neurologia do renomado National Hospital for Nervous Diseases, popularmente conhecido como The Queens’ Square. Adams teve como mestres Murray Falconer and Joe Pennybacher. Segundo a tradição, todo cirurgião é chamado de Mister apenas substituído quando alcança o título de Professor, enquanto Doctor é reservado para os clínicos.
Los caminos de los hijos del cielo. Estudio socio-territorial de los Kawillary del Cananarí y del Apaporis
Authors: Bourgue François
Published: December 2020

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Sistema de gestión de la calidad del proceso de extensión universitaria, una experiencia en la Universidad de La Habana.
Authors: González-Aportela Odette , Batista-Mainegra Amado , González Fernández-Larrea Mercedes
Published: December 2020

La gestión de la calidad es una necesidad y oportunidad en las Instituciones de Educación Superior para responder con eficiencia y eficacia a las demandas de la sociedad; por ello los procesos universitarios deben actualizar sus mecanismos de gestión. El presente trabajo persigue como objetivo, desarrollar un sistema de gestión de la calidad del proceso de extensión universitaria en la Universidad de La Habana, para lo cual se empleó una investigación mixta concurrente. Se obtuvo un sistema de gestión de la calidad del proceso extensionista en la Universidad de La Habana, el cual consta de siete etapas (Fundamentación, Diseño estratégico, Diseño de procesos, Diseño evaluativo, Diseño integrado, Implementación y evaluación), que es contextualizado, flexible, democrático, entendible y operativo. Los usuarios manifestaron satisfacción y reconocimiento de la efectividad y utilidad de la propuesta una vez implementada.
Guía para el manejo de colitis ulcerativa en población adulta (actualización)
Authors: Juliao Baños Fabian , Torres Amaya. Marcela , Otero Regino William , Vallejo María Teresa , Galiano María Teresa , Feliciano Jhon , Máquez Juan R , Concha Mejía Alejandro , Gil Parada Fabio
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: desde 2015, la Asociación Colombiana de Gastroenterología, con el apoyo del Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, realizó la guía de práctica clínica para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de colitis ulcerativa. Desde la publicación de esta guía, han aparecido nuevas alternativas terapéuticas y nuevos conceptos sobre los objetivos del tratamiento, por lo cual se consideró necesaria su actualización.

Materiales y métodos: esta actualización fue realizada por un equipo multidisciplinario con apoyo de la Asociación Colombiana de Gastroenterología y el Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Se desarrollaron preguntas relevantes a nuevos tratamientos y vigilancia endoscópica de los pacientes adultos con colitis ulcerativa y se realizó la búsqueda de guías nacionales e internacionales en bases de datos especializadas. Las guías fueron evaluadas en términos de calidad y aplicabilidad. El Grupo Cochrane llevó a cabo la búsqueda sistemática de la literatura. Las tablas de evidencia y recomendaciones fueron realizadas usando la metodología GRADE.

Resultados: se realizó una actualización de la guía para el tratamiento de la colitis ulcerativa en adultos en Colombia y se diseñaron nuevos algoritmos de tratamiento, teniendo en cuenta la extensión y la actividad de la enfermedad y los diferentes niveles de atención.

Conclusiones: se estableció la importancia para el tratamiento de la evaluación clínica y endoscópica y se especificaron las indicaciones para el adecuado tratamiento de los pacientes con colitis ulcerativa. Adicionalmente, se dieron recomendaciones de vigilancia endoscópica de cáncer colorrectal y la importancia de la cromoendoscopia.
Land Degradation in Nepal
Authors: Dahal Ramesh , Adhikari Pradeep
Published: December 2020

Nepal is a mountainous country sandwiched between China and India that
extends along the Hind Kush Himalayan range. The entire country sits on
a geological formation that has witnessed massive transformation in the
past several decades. Land degradation is active in Nepal. This study
reviews the causes of land degradation in Nepal based on publicly
available reports, books, journal articles, and government policy and
regulations. The review also uses publicly available global datasets to
contextualize local conditions. The review shows that topography; land
use and cover change driven by population growth and urbanization;
traditional agricultural practice in steep slope; soil erodibility due
to unscientific ways of farming; use of chemical fertilizers and, pest
and disease control techniques; unsustainable land management by the
government; unscientific infrastructure development has been the
proximate causes of land degradation in the majority of the cases. While
underlying causes include population and poverty; out migration;
deforestation; land tenure and property rights, non-farm employment; and
technological change. The situation when combined with the Landslide
Susceptibility Index and Land Cover data shows that the country needs to
make concerted effort to stop and minimize the damage of land
degradation in the country.
Premature delivery and cannabinoid receptor expression in the placenta after delivery: an observational study.
Authors: Feduniw Stepan , Woś Izabela , Pogoda Katarzyna , Laudanski Piotr , Tabarkiewicz Jacek , Raba Grzegorz
Published: December 2020

Objective: To investigate the relationship between cannabinoid receptor
expression within the placenta after delivery and the problem of preterm
delivery. Design, setting, and participants: The retrospective,
observational study was conducted on a multicenter material of 150
women. The study group included 115 women after premature delivery. The
control group consisted of 35 women after term delivery. Methods. To
determine the expression of cannabinoid receptors after the end of the
third stage of labour, several sections were taken from the placenta.
RNA isolation, reverse transcription, and Real-Time PCR were performed
to assess the expression of the cannabinoid receptors in the placenta.
Results: Cannabinoid receptor type 2 expression was lower in the
placentas of women after preterm delivery. Urinary tract infections and
bleeding at any stage of pregnancy occurred statistically more
frequently in the study group and correlated with cannabinoid receptor
type 2 expression. In the study group, the history of preterm labor,
history of intrauterine fetal deaths, pregnancies terminated by a
Caesarean section, and uterine tenderness correlated with lower
expression of cannabinoid receptor type 2 and 1a. Conclusions:
Cannabinoid receptors mRNA were present in human placental tissue during
pregnancy. Decreased cannabinoid receptor type 2 expression in preterm
delivered placentas should be further investigated, as perinatal
endocannabinoid receptor expression could serve as a predicting tool of
preterm birth. For example, liquid-based cytology could be used as a
noninvasive perinatal method of measuring the expression level of
cannabinoid receptors in decidual cells during pregnancy. KEYWORDS:
Cannabinoid receptor; CB2; endocannabinoid system; preterm delivery; PTB
Organo-montmorillonite modified by polyionenes for polymer composites
Authors:   State Higher Education Institution “Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology”, Sukhyi M. P. , Tomilo V. I. ,   State Higher Education Institution “Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology”, Sukhyi K. M. ,   State Higher Education Institution “Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology”, Belyanovskaya E. A. ,   State Higher Education Institution “Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology”, Vaivars G. ,   University of Latvia
Published: December 2020

The technology for producing montmorillonite modified with polyionenes has been developed. It was shown that macromolecular polymer intercalation of the quaternary ammonium salt of montmorillonite intercrystalline space is accompanied by an increase in interlayer distances from 1.08 to 1.67 nm. A method for the synthesis of montmorillonite modified with polyionenes is proposed. The optimal conditions for the sorption of polymeonene molecules by montmorillonite were found: the concentration of the aqueous dispersion of montmorillonite is 1%, the temperature of the reaction medium is 40 ° C, the ratio of montmorillonite-polyionene is 3: 1, the processing time is 24 hours.
Ilya Fondaminsky and the Spiritual Awakening of Asia
Authors: Cooper Matthew Franklin
Published: December 2020

The article tells about the life and the heritage of a significant person in Russian emigration, I.I. Fondaminsky. Being Jewish by birth, Fondaminsky became close to Slavophilism and Eurasianism. Shortly before his death, he was converted to Orthodoxy and was recognized as a saint of the Orthodox Church of Constantinople. Fondaminsky tried to reconcile leftist, Christian and monarchist ideas in his works. Another important aspect of his work was the expectation of an “awakening of the East” resulting then in the liberation of the East from spiritual and colonial oppression.
Spirituality as World Politics Factor
Authors: Perevezentsev Sergey V.
Published: December 2020

he article examines the phenomenon of the spiritual factor of historical development, its influence on the emergence of various historical phenomena, and proposes to take into account the spiritual factor along with other factors of historical development (economic, political, social, climatic, etc.). The concepts of “spirit”, “spirituality”, “spiritual crisis”, “spiritual confrontation” are considered in the traditional for those concepts religious key. From the traditionalist point of view, the concept of “humanism” as the religion of man-God is analyzed. The article shows the confrontation between the teachings of humanism and traditional religions, as spiritual confrontation of various religious teachings. The main spiritual and political processes in the modern world are revealed.
An Alternative Postsecularism
Authors: Hudson Wayne
Published: December 2020

This paper outlines an alternative version of postsecularism, one that involves a critique of many Western approaches to postsecularism. This alternative postsecularism accepts secularity for certain purposes and domains, but not secularism. It inherits the Enlightenment in some institutional respects, but not necessarily its philosophical conceptions or its anti-religion. It does not make detailed prescriptions for any specific context, but it does imply that a mature postsecularism will take account of spiritual performances in both the public and the private sphere.
Escritas dos professores-cursistas na formação continuada de professores: reflexão sobre dificuldades no manuseio de tecnologias no curso de extensão mídias na educação
Authors: Silva Ângela Aparecida de Souto
Published: December 2020

As Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) chegaram ao ambiente educacional, porém, ao utilizá-las, surgiram dificuldades no tocante ao desenvolvimento da formação continuada de professores. Diante dessa situação, o presente trabalho foi norteado pela seguinte questão: em que consistiram as dificuldades dos professores-cursistas do Curso de Extensão Mídias na Educação - Ciclo Básico? Partindo desta questão, o objetivo geral foi conhecer as dificuldades apresentadas pelos professores-cursistas durante o Curso de Extensão Mídias na Educação - Ciclo Básico. Trata-se de um recorte de uma pesquisa mais ampla, do tipo descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa, intitulada O Diário de Bordo como recurso para reflexão crítica na formação docente no âmbito do Programa de Formação Continuada Mídias na Educação, desenvolvida no Mestrado Acadêmico em Educação, da Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, no ano de 2016. Os dados advêm do Diário de Bordo, disponível no e-Proinfo. Foram sujeitos da pesquisa quatro professores-cursistas, do período de 2006-2007, tendo por lócus os polos de Porto Velho, Ji-Paraná e Vilhena, no estado de Rondônia, sudoeste da Amazônia brasileira. Os resultados apontaram que as dificuldades apresentadas são de natureza operacional, como: conexão lenta de internet, sites bloqueados e falta de tempo. Conclui-se que, apesar das dificuldades, há formas de superá-las a partir da reflexão sobre a situação no processo de formação do professor-cursista.
The Hidden Scar
Authors: Hei Muriwai
Published: December 2020

Every line, every curve, every scar there is a hidden message waiting to be discovered and this is my story, how I found a hidden message. Ko Te Miringa tōku ingoa. He uri au nō Te Whānau a Apanui, Te Whakatōhea me Ngāpuhi anō hoki. Do you want to hear something freaky? I’m going to tell you a crazy story of a little scar that changed my life. YES! A fucken scar. Here we go.
A Late Iron Age/early Roman Enclosed Settlement at Basing View, Basingstoke
Authors: Allen Martyn , Boothroyd John , Allen Leigh , Brady Kate , Cook Sharon , Donnelly Mike , Knight Robert , Poole Cynthia , Scott Ian , Shaffrey Ruth , Webb Helen
Published: December 2020

Excavation in advance of housing development at Basing View, Basingstoke, revealed the remains of an Early Roman enclosed settlement that possibly originated in the Late Iron Age and was occupied to the early 2nd century. The settlement was fairly low status, focussed on mixed farming
practices, but was notable for the presence of a possible sunken- featured building with a baby burial. The site adds to current knowledge of the Late Iron Age/Early Roman settlement archaeology of the area south of Silchester (Calleva Atrebatum).
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN KELUARGA TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER RELIGIUS PESERTA DIDIK DI SD ISLAM AS-SALAM DAN DAARUL FIKRI MALANG
Authors: Anisa Anisa
Published: December 2020

This study aims to ascertain the importance of the family environment on the religious character of students in As-salam Islamic Elementary School and Daarul Fikri Islamic Elementary School. This study is a survey research with a quantitative approach, data collected by questionnaire techniques, interviews, and documentation. The population is 128 people with a sample of 97 respondents consisting of 49 class V and 48 class V1. Data analysis techniques include Outer Model, Inner Model, and Bootstrapping. The results revealed that there was no significant positive effect between the family environment on a religious character with a p-value of 0.049 <0.05.  The level of influence of the family environment on a religious character is 0.045 or with a value of a precentage 4,5%.
MERAJUT PLURALISME DI DESA LINGSAR, KECAMATAN LINGSAR, LOMBOK BARAT, NUSA TENGGARA BARAT
Authors: Purna Made
Published: December 2020

Lingsar village on the island of Lombok is unique. It has two places of worship, a temple and kemaliq, and also perang topat which is respected by the Balinese ethnic of Hindu and Wetu Telu Islam Sasak tribe. This village also has a tradition that unites Hindu and Islam Wetu Telu, in the form of slamatan and a joint funeral. The main reference used in carrying out daily life and tradition by the two ethnic groups, and the two devotees, is to materialize state the pluralist attitude as a pace of mutual respect and tolerance. The purpose of this research is to describe the existence of Hindu and Islam Wetu Telu symbols as a worship media, and to find out society’s perceptions to pluralism in Taman Lingsar temple. This research uses a qualitative method. Primary data were obtained by observation and interviews with village officials, religious leaders, humanists, from the Hindu and Muslim Wetu Telu. Secondary data were collected from library sources. The result informs that the life of people in Lingsar Village is harmonious, with mutual respect, from the perceptions of Hindu and Islam Wetu Telu symbols. These symbols, both physical and nonphysical, are part of a symbol system that builds synergistic relationships, a religious social order between Hindu and Islam Wetu Telu in Lombok. Desa Lingsar di Pulau Lombok memiliki keunikan utama yaitu terdapat dua tempat ibadah, pura dan kemaliq serta perang topat yang dihormati bersama antara umat Hindu dari suku bangsa Bali dan Islam Wetu Telu dari suku bangsa Sasak. Selain itu desa ini juga memiliki tradisi yang menyatukan antara umat Hindu dengan Islam Wetu Telu, yaitu berupa tradisi slamatan dan pemakaman bersama. Rujukan utama yang dipakai dalam menjalankan kehidupan seharihari dan menjalankan tradisi tersebut oleh kedua suku bangsa dan dua umat tersebut, adalah dengan mewujudnyatakan sikap pluralis sebagai langkah saling menghormati dan toleran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan keberadaan simbol-simbol agama Hindu dan Islam Wetu Telu sebagai media pemujaan, dan untuk mengetahui persepsi masyarakat tentang pluralisme di Pura Taman Lingsar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Data primer didapat dengan cara observasi dan wawancara dengan aparat desa, tokoh agama, budayawan, dari umat Hindu dan Islam Wetu Telu. Sedangkan data sekunder dikumpulkan dari sumber-sumber pustaka. Hasil penelitian menginformasikan bahwa kehidupan masyarakat di Desa Lingsar harmonis, dengan saling menghargai dan menghormati satu sama lain, dari hasil persepsi terhadap simbol-simbol agama Hindu dan Islam Wetu Telu. Simbol-simbol tersebut baik berupa fisik maupun non fisik merupakan bagian dari sistem simbol yang membangun hubungan yang sinergis, membangun tatanan sosial religius antara umat Hindu dengan umat Islam Wetu Telu di Lombok.
ANALISA PENENTUAN PARAMETER MEKANIK BATUAN DENGAN METODE RMR DAN GSI PADA KAWASAN PANTAI MELASTI, BALI
Authors: Pramana I Made Wahyu , Arya I Wayan
Published: December 2020

Untuk dapat melakukan analisa stabilitas lereng batuan diperlukan penentuan karakteristik dan klasifikasi batuan serta parameter fisis dan mekanis dari batuan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai parameter mekanik batuan dengan metode RMR dan GSI. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah batuan kawasan pantai Melasti masuk ke dalam kelas batuan menengah (fair rock) dengan nilai GSI = 35 – 45. Parameter mekanik batuan kawasan pantai Melasti dari metode RMR adalah f = 25 – 35 dan c = 200 KPa – 300 KPa, sedangkan parameter mekanik dari batuan dengan menggunakan metode GSI adalah f = 24 – 29 dan c = 256 KPa – 330 KPa.
Hongkong – die Schwächen einer starken Autonomie. Gründe für ihre Krise – Aufbau und Vergleich mit Südtirols Rechtssystem
Authors: Peterlini Oskar
Published: December 2020

Hongkong (HK), eine frühere britische Kolonie, ging 1997 an die Volksrepublik (VR) China über. Eine weitreichende Autonomie sollte die Insel bei der Einverleibung in das große China schützen und den Bewohnern ihre bisherigen Freiheiten gewährleisten. Ein eigenes, freies Wirtschaftssystem, Grenzen mit Passkontrollen wie bei einer Staatsgrenze, ein eigener Pass, eine eigene Währung, totale Steuerhoheit, Kompetenzen in weitreichenden Bereichen, das sind nur einige der Kennzeichen dieser Autonomie, mit der sich keine Autonomie in Europa messen konnte. Südtirols Autonomie nimmt sich im Vergleich sehr bescheiden aus. Und trotzdem ist genau diese Autonomie schwer angeschlagen, für deren Verteidigung Zehntausende von Bürgern seit Jahren auf die Straße gehen. Die freie westliche Welt hat im Sommer 2020 endlich reagiert, als China ein scharfes Sicherheitsgesetz zum Eingreifen in HK erlassen hat. Der Beitrag will ergründen, wo die Achillesfersen liegen und wieso gerade diese Autonomie in eine schwere Krise rutschte.
Die Ladiner heute und vor hundert Jahren
Authors: Pescosta Werner
Published: December 2020

Die Ladiner sind eine kleine Sprachgruppe in Italien. Ungefähr 30.000 Leute sprechen heute noch Ladinisch, in den Dolomitentälern rund um den Sellastock - Gadertal, Gröden, Fassa, Buchenstein - und in Ampezzo. Seit 1923 bzw. 1927 ist das Gebiet auf zwei Regionen und drei Provinzen aufgeteilt. Diese vom Faschismus aufgezwungene Dreiteilung nach dem Prinzip des „divide et impera“ wurde bis heute beibehalten und hat vor allem die interne Kohäsion der Ladiner verhindert. Dies hat wiederum zu einer immer stärker werdenden sozialen und kulturellen „Zersplitterung“ geführt, die kaum noch aufholbar ist. Die derzeitige Gesetzgebung ist dafür gewiss unzulänglich.
Die dänische Minderheit in Deutschland
Authors: Kremser Holger
Published: December 2020

Der Aufsatz befasst sich mit der dänischen Minderheit im nördlichen Teil des deutschen Bundeslandes Schleswig-Holstein. Die Angehörigen der dänischen Minderheit in Deutschland bezeichnen sich als Südschleswiger. Dieser Minderheit auf dem nördlichen Territorium des Landesteils Schleswig gehören 50.000 Personen an, die in zahlreichen Vereinen organisiert sind. Die dänische Minderheit in Deutschland ist rechtlich und finanziell gut abgesichert und kann folglich als stabil bezeichnet werden.
The Ukrainian language: origin, developmentand present-day situation
Authors: Sydorenko Olesja , Matsko Lubov
Published: December 2020

The article highlights the milestones in the development of the Ukrainian language and discusses the current trends observed mainly in the lexical sub-system as one of the first to reflect social, economic, and political changes in the life of any society. We also present main distinctives features of Ukrainian as one of the Slavic languages and discuss selected aspects of the sociolinguistic situation in Ukraine, as well as the language problems of the Ukrainian diaspora that tries to find a balance between adaptation, blending in the environment and preserving one’s identity. The study of changes in the lexical sub-system of Ukrainian from the break of the Soviet Union to the present day gives an excellent opportunity to reveal the influence of extralinguistic factors, such as the emergence of new realities and certain looseness of speech caused by a sense of freedom in the new society on the enrichment of the general vocabulary with revived words, borrowings, and derivatives, significant changes in onomastics in connection with decommunization.
Identification and characterization of popular rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties through chemical tests
Authors: Nagendra M.S. , Selvaraju P. , Jerlin R. , Ganesamurthy K. , Senthil N.
Published: December 2020

Identification and characterization of crop varieties are crucial for ensuring the genetic purity of seeds. The present investigation was carried out to identify suitable chemical methods that are fast, reliable and easy for seed analysts, breeders and seed producers for identification of a variety. Twenty-five popular rice varieties in the seed supply chain of Tamil Nadu were subjected to phenol, modified phenol, NaOH, aroma, gelatinization temperature (alkali spreading value), GA3 and 2,4-D tests. The results of the experiment revealed that phenol and modified phenol tests changed the colour of TKM 9 and TRY 1 variety to brown but no colour change was observed in the variety I.W. Ponni variety. The NaOH test is useful for the identification of TKM 9 variety as it changed the colourless solution to red. GA3 and 2,4-D tests characterized the varieties based on the shoot growth into two and three groups respectively. However, all the variety lacked aroma and exhibited a high gelatinization temperature.
Chasing the Dragon: Driving the Paradigm Shift to Move Beyond Opioids
Authors: Film Roy J.
Published: December 2020

Synopsis

The opioid crisis is more severe in the United States than in any other country. This may be due, in part, to a cultural problem related to pain: Americans have come to expect quick, easy, physician-provided pain relief. Pharmaceuticals can neither cure injuries nor correct the underlying cause of any chronic musculoskeletal condition. Fortunately, people who regularly exercise have less pain, and guidelines for the management of painful chronic conditions already recommend exercise therapies over passive care. This suggests that self-care approaches emphasizing exercise are the logical, lowest-cost, first-line treatment. For patients who require guidance with exercise, the stepped-care approach to pain management commonly taught in medical school curricula should include guided physical rehabilitation early, if not first. This has been shown to be associated with fewer high-cost services and less opioid medication. Keeping people opioid naïve, when appropriate, could save tens of thousands of American lives annually and many more globally. Attitudes, behaviors, and policies must evolve to shed the culture of first-line pharmaceutical pain management. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2020;50(12):661–663. doi:10.2519/jospt.2020.0611
Analisis berpikir probabilistik dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika peserta didik kelas V SD Negeri 04 Kaliwuluh
Authors: Hidayati Yulia Maftuhah , Afifah Nurul
Published: December 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan berpikir probabilistik peserta didik kelas V SD Negeri 04 Kaliwuluh dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika berkaitan dengan geometri. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir probabilistik peserta didik berada pada tiga level berpikir probabilistik yaitu level satatistik, transisional dan kuantitatif Informal. Pada level subjektif, dimana pemikiran peserta dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika didasarkan pada alasan subjektif dari peserta didik yang bersumber dari asumsi, pemahaman awal peserta didik tentang materi dan pendapat individu itu sendiri. Level transisional ditandai dengan pemikiran peserta didik yang mulai menunjukkan perkembangan dengan memunculkan sketsa gambar dan perhitungan matematis yang didasarkan pada alasan subjektif untuk menyelesaikan masalah matematika. Selanjutnya level kuantitatif informal peserta didik telah mampu mendaftar semua anggota ruang sampel dan menuliskan notasi angka jumlah anggota ruang sampel dengan menggunakan pola tertentu.
Planar Hexacoordinate Carbons: Half Covalent Half Ionic
Authors: leyva-parra luis , Diego Luz , Yañez Osvaldo , Inostroza Diego , barroso jorge , vásquez-espinal alejandro , Merino Gabriel , Tiznado William
Published: December 2020

The global minima of thirteen combinations of atoms with formula CE3M3+ (E=S-Te and M=Li-Cs) adopt a planar structure with carbon covalently bonded to three chalcogens and ionically bonded to the three alkali-metals to stabilize the first global minima structures containing planar hexacoordinate carbon atoms.
Harnessing Plasma Environments for Ammonia Catalysis: Mechanistic Insights from Experiments and Large-Scale Ab-initio Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Yamijala Sharma , Nava Giorgio , Ali Zulfikhar A. , Beretta Davide , Wong Bryan , Mangolini Lorenzo
Published: December 2020

By combining experimental measurements with ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, we provide the first microscopic description of the interaction between metal surfaces and a low-temperature nitrogen-hydrogen plasma. Our study focuses on the dissociation of hydrogen and nitrogen as the main activation route. We find that ammonia forms via an Eley-Rideal mechanism where atomic nitrogen abstracts hydrogen from the catalyst surface to form ammonia on an extremely short timescale (a few picoseconds). On copper, ammonia formation occurs via the interaction between plasma-produced atomic nitrogen and the H-terminated surface. On platinum, however, we find that surface saturation with NH groups is necessary for ammonia production to occur. Regardless of the metal surface, the reaction is limited by the mass transport of atomic nitrogen, consistent with the weak dependence on catalyst material that we observe and has been reported by several other groups. This study represents a significant step towards achieving a mechanistic, microscopic-scale understanding of catalytic processes activated in low-temperature plasma environments.
Diastereoselective Cyclopropanation by Using Camphorpyrazolidinone Derived α,β-Unsaturated Amides and Ylide
Authors: Gondi Sudershan Reddy
Published: December 2020

Abstract: High to moderate diastereoselectivity and high chemical yield are observed in the Michael addition of ylide and chiral camphorpyrazolidinone ylide to an optically pure a,b-unsaturated carboxylic acid derivatives derived from a chiral camphorpyrazolidinone and a,b-unsaturated carbonyl respectively. A novel route to the asymmetric synthesis of cyclopropanation derivatives is described.
Photo-Induced Thiolate Catalytic Activation of Inert Caryl-Hetero Bonds for Radical Borylation
Authors: Wang Shun , Wang Hua , Koenig Burkhard
Published: December 2020

Cross-coupling reactions are essential tools in modern synthesis of drugs, natural products and materials. The recent developments in photocatalytic radical generation have improved and expanded the classic metal-catalyzed cross coupling reactions even further. However, for sp2 cross coupling reactions aryl halides or related active leaving groups, such as triflates, are required. Substituted arenes bearing strong C-X bonds remain inert to current methods. We describe now a new thiolate photocatalysis for the activation of inert substituted arenes in ipso-borylation reactions. This catalytic system exhibits strong reducing power and allows the borylation of stable Caryl−F, Caryl−O, Caryl-N and Caryl−S bonds, which are considered as chemically stable at mild reaction conditions. Our method considerably widens the available substrate scope of aryl radical precursors and we anticipate that this report will inspire new chemistry based on inert chemical bond activation.
Charge Transfer Excitation and Asymmetric Energy Transfer at the Interface of Pentacene-Perfluoropentacene Heterostacks
Authors: Hansmann Anna-Katharina , Döring Robin C. , Rinn Andre , Giesen Steffen M. , Fey Melanie , Breuer Tobias , Berger Robert , Witte Gregor , Chatterjee Sangam
Published: December 2020

The formation pathways of CT-excitons at the model crystalline donor-acceptor interface of pentacene-perfluoropentacene (PEN-PFP) is studied by a combination of advanced experimental and theoretical techniques. More specifically, we compare the one-photon photoluminescence excitation (PLE) and absorption spectra of three different PEN-PFP heterostructures with different molecular alignment at the interface at cryogenic temperatures.
Engineering of TMDC-OSC Hybrid Interfaces: The Thermodynamics of Unitary and Mixed Acene Monolayers on MoS2
Authors: Kachel Stefan R. , Dombrowski Pierre Martin , Breuer Tobias , Gottfried Michael , Witte Gregor
Published: December 2020

Here, we use temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations

of TPD traces to characterize the desorption kinetics of pentacene (PEN) and perfluoropentacene (PFP) on MoS2 as a model system for OSCs on TMDCs. We show that the monolayers of PEN and PFP are thermally stabilized compared to their multilayers, which allows to prepare nominal monolayers by selective desorption of multilayers. This stabilization is, however, caused by entropy due to a high molecular mobility rather than an enhanced molecule-substrate bond. Consequently, the nominal monolayers are not densely packed films.
Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of «Chaos and Clues», «Triage Amalgamated Dermoscopic Algorithm» dermatoscopic algorithms and BLINСK techniques in the diagnosis of melanoma and other skin cancers depending on previous dermatoscopy experience
Authors: Silina L. V. , Khvostovoi V. V. , Ovsianikov V. V. , Zubtsov M. S.
Published: December 2020

Aim.Comparison of the results of the use of dermatoscopic algorithms Chaos and Clues, Triage Amalgamated Dermoscopic Algorithm (TADA) and BLINCK technique in the diagnosis of melanoma and other malignant skin tumors depending on the presence of previous dermatoscopy experience.
Materials and methods.Algorithms were tested on 85 patients with 85 skin formations who visited the polyclinic of Kursk Regional Clinical Oncology Clinic in 20172019. The average age of the patients was 54.8 years old. Dermatoscopy was performed by the non-polarized dermatoscope HEINE mini 3000, photo documentation by the Canon PowerShot SX540 HS camera. Immersion medium ethyl alcohol (conc. 70%). Patients were carefully examined physiologically and clinically. A clinical and epiluminescence pattern of all neoplasms was obtained, their morphological examination was performed. For the research 2 groups of 3 participants were formed based on the criterion of previous dermatoscopy experience. Each algorithm was evaluated by objective (sensitivity, specificity) and subjective (speed, convenience) criteria. The dermatoscopic results obtained by the techniques used were compared to the histological findings.
Results. Using algorithms by a group having previous dermatoscopy experience, the following results were obtained: in the method Chaos and Clues sensitivity 93.753.3%, specificity 77.44.6%, speed 3 points, convenience 3 points. TADA sensitivity 96.82.2%, specificity 79.24.8%, speed 4 points, convenience 5 points. BLINCK sensitivity 96.82.2% specificity 77.44.6%, speed 4 points, convenience 5 points. In the group with no previous dermatoscopy experience, the results were as follows: in the Chaos and Clues algorithm, sensitivity 93.753.3%, specificity 62.35.7%, speed 3 points, convenience 3 points. TADA sensitivity 84.44.6%, specificity 64.25.8%, speed 4 points, convenience 5 points; BLINCK sensitivity 80.64.4%, specificity 77.44.6%, speed 5 points, convenience 4 points. Thus, these algorithms can be used in the diagnosis of malignant skin neoplasms. At the same time, individuals with no experience of dermatoscopy are encouraged to use the Chaos and Clues algorithm. In a group having experience in dermatoscopy, both the TADA and the BLINCK technique can be used equally.
Meta-analysis of the studies dedicated to the predictive significance of circulating tumor DNA in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Popova A. S. , Fedyanin M. Yu. , Pokataev I. A. , Tyulyandin S. A.
Published: December 2020

The method of liquid biopsy allows detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in patient blood, but the clinical significance of this approach in pancreatic cancer is still unclear. In this regard, we have carried out a meta-analysis of the studies dedicated to the predictive significance of ctDNA in pancreatic cancer.
Materials and methods.We carried out the search for the articles and abstracts in PubMed, ASCO and ESMO databases published before February 2020, containing data about the connection between ctDNA and the prognosis of pancreatic cancer. The exclusion criteria were the studies including 10 or less participating patients, absence of the data about the relative risk of mortality and/or progression, and the 95% confidence interval. The meta-analysis was carried out by using the Review Manager software (RevMan), Version 5.3.
Results.There were no significant systematic errors associated with the publications. The presence of ctDNA in patient blood showed poor overall survival of patients (odds ratio OR 2.21, 95% confidence interval CI 1.35-3.33,p=0.001) regardless of the prevalence of the disease. In case of the resectable process, the detection of ctDNA in patient blood both before and after surgery was a factor of worse progression-free survival (OR 2.32, 95% CI 1.543.5,p0.001 and OR 3.06, 95% CI 1.635.76,р=0.0005 and overall survival (OR2.01, 95% CI 1.123.63,р=0,02 and OR 3.39, 95% CI 2.125.44,р0.00001, respectively).
Conclusions.The detection of ctDNA in the bloodstream in pancreatic cancer patients is a factor of poor prognosis in both localized and advanced cancer. It is very important to make further prospective studies to develop the optimal protocol for detecting ctDNA in patient bloodstream.
STUDY OF THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EUROPIUM (III) COMPLEX WITH HIGH-MOLECULAR HEPARIN
Authors: Скобин Михаил Игоревич , Крюков Тимофей Владимирович , Феофанова Мариана Александровна , Баранова Надежда Владимировна
Published: December 2020

Синтезировано твердое комплексное соединение высокомолекулярного гепарина с европием (III) ([EuHep]•3HO). Проведен синхронный термический анализ [EuHep]•3HO. Определены термическая устойчивость, температура дегидратации и количество кристаллизационной воды, количество металла в комплексе. Описаны наиболее значимые стадии термодеструкции и на основе данных ИК-спектроскопии предположены образующиеся продукты.

A solid complex compound of high molecular weight heparin with europium (III) was synthesized. A synchronous thermal analysis of [EuHep]•3HO was performed. Thermal stability, dehydration temperature and the amount of crystallization water, the amount of metal in the complex are determined. The most significant stages of thermal degradation are described and, based on the data of IR spectroscopy, the products formed are assumed.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Osorio Spuler Ximena
Published: December 2020

Sin duda alguna, las enfermeras y enfermeros han jugado un papel fundamental para enfrentar la pandemia producida por el SARS-CoV-2, han demostrado su vocación, su esencia, respetando la dignidad de las personas, entregando un cuidado humanizado.
中国包头机场地面风和大风的特征分析及其风对飞行的影响
Authors: 赵 小飞
Published: December 2020

利用机场气象常规资料，论文对中国包头机场近几年来的地面平均风向风速及大风进行分析，找到影响飞行安全的大风出现的月份、时段以及引起大风的主要天气现象和大风出现的天气状况，并总结其特点，为以后可能出现的影响飞行安全的大风和风切变的预测提供参考依据。
АНАЛИЗ СОВРЕМЕННОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ И ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ НЕБАНКОВСКИХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ В РФ
Authors: Ибрагимов Магомед Камилович , Умавова Лейла Арсеналиевна
Published: December 2020

Цель работы. Анализ ситуации, сложившейся в современных условиях в сфере контроля и надзора за банковской деятельностью в Российской Федерации. Метод. Проведен статистический анализ изменений, в котором рассматриваются структура кредитования, качество ссудного портфеля небанковских организаций и оценка их эффективности. При проведении анализа использовались отчетные данные ЦБ РФ, а также исследования и научные труды российских экономистов. Результаты. В ходе проведенного анализа были выявлены некоторые проблемы, среди которых существенной проблемой для совершенствования банковского надзора и контроля можно назвать недостаточный уровень развития риск-менеджмента. В статье рассматриваются особенности небанковских организаций. Анализируется рынок небанковского сектора, выявляются их перспективы в России. Анализ функционирования контроля и надзора за банковской деятельностью предполагает изучение общего количества действующих в стране банков, а также его динамику за период 2018‒2019 гг. Для полноты анализа изучена сегментация банков с отозванной лицензией по рейтингу объемов активов в 2018 г. Поскольку собственные ресурсы банка являются фундаментом его деятельности и показателем его надежности, на основании данных ЦБ РФ проведен анализ собственного капитала банков в 2019 г. Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы при изучении современного состояния и тенденции развития небанковских организаций в РФ. Вывод. Таким образом, можно сделать вывод, что в целях контроля банковской системы в предстоящий период будет также продолжена работа по укреплению координации мер, принимаемых при выполнении возложенных на нее функций. Иначе по наихудшему сценарию банковская система может стать источником проблем, способных сбросить российскую экономику в новую рецессию.