bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resección y Anastomosis Primaria Laparoscópica en Perforación de Recto Pospolipectomía Endoscópica
Authors: Amarillo Hugo , Di Primio Natalia , Yromey Nicolas , Montilla Luis , Manson Roberto
Published: April 2021

Introducción: La perforación luego de una colonoscopia o de una polipectomía endoscópica, presenta un amplia gama de posibilidades diagnósticas y terapéuticas. Puede ser tratado en forma conservadora, con métodos endoscópicos y cirugía. Esta permite el abordaje mediante cirugía convencional o laparoscópica con posibilidad de realizar el diagnóstico definitivo de la perforación y todas las posibilidades terapéuticas resectivas y no resectivas. Objetivos: Presentar detalles técnicos del diagnóstico precoz luego de perforación por colonoscopia y tratamiento definitivo de la lesión, mediante resección de recto y anastomosis primaria laparoscópica. Materiales y métodos: Se presenta el caso de un paciente, varón de 61 años, que luego de colonoscopia por pesquisa se diagnostica lesión sésil de recto a 12 cm que se reseca con técnica de piece meal. Evoluciona a las 12 hs con dolor abdominal, fiebre y omalgia. En una radiografía de tórax se diagnostica neumoperítoneo difuso bilateral. Por signos incipientes de compromiso del estado general se decide laparoscopia exploradora. Resultados: Se realizó una laparoscopia exploradora evidencia líquido purulento en fondo de saco de Douglas. Se identifica sitio de la perforación por tatuaje distal realizado durante al colonoscopia. Se realiza resección anterior de recto oncológica por la lesión existente y anastomosis primaria mecánica sin protección. El paciente evoluciono en el postoperatorio en forma satisfactoria. Conclusión: Ante la necesidad de re intervención luego de perforación colonica o rectal luego de colonoscopia, el abordaje laparoscópico precoz permite el tratamiento correcto no solo de la complicación sino de la patología que motivo la perforación.

Palabras clave: Perforación; Colonoscopia; Polipectomia
The Concept of Pedagogical Education in the Family
Authors:   Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Chirchik State Pedagogical Institute, Tashkent Region, Abdujalilova Shoira
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the concept of pedagogical education in the family of Abdurauf Fitrat and draws methodological conclusions.
Bedside index (BISAP) v/s Ranson scores in predicting mortality and severity in patients with acute pancreatitis.
Authors: Nazir Najeeb Kapadia  , Emaduddin Siddiqui
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective: To determine diagnostic accuracy of BISAP in comparison to Ranson scores in predicting mortalities and severities in patients with acute pancreatitis coming to the emergency department.
Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in Department of Emergency Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium road Karachi, Pakistan. 136 patients were selected via non-probability consecutive sampling technique, those who fulfilled the criteria of inclusion. BISAP score was applied in the emergency department (ED) & the patients were followed in ward/intensive care unit where Ranson scores were calculated in the following 48 hours. Both the scores were calculated and compared for the prediction of severity and mortality for each patient. All the obtained data was recorded in Performa.
Results: In this study 136 patients, who fulfill the inclusion criteria were selected. On the basis of BISAP and Ranson score; mild acute pancreatitis to moderate acute pancreatitis (MAP to ModAP) was diagnosed in 123 (90.4%) and 119 (87.5) patients and severe AP (SAP) in 13 (9.6%) and 17 (12.5%) patients respectively. Specificity (Sp) 94.62% vs 91.54%, Sensitivity (Sn) 100.0% vs 100.0%, negative predictive value (NPV) 100.0% vs 100.0%, positive predictive value (PPV) 46.15% vs 35.29% and diagnostic accuracy (DA) 94.85% vs 91.91% of BISAP vs Ranson scores respectively.
Conclusion: It was concluded from the study that BISAP and Ranson score are very reliable tool for identification of acute pancreatitis patients at higher risk of severity and mortality. BISAP and Ranson score has same sensitivity but BISAP score has higher specificity than Ranson score.
Continuous...
Factors affecting Maternal-care during labour at maternity centres of Karachi, Pakistan: Exploratory study
Authors: Nirmal Shahzaib  , Tazeen Saeed Ali  , Nousheen Akber Pradhan  , Farina Abrejo  , Shahnaz Shahid  , Amir Ali Samnani
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Each year around 529,000 women die worldwide due to harmful consequences of childbirth in developing countries. Thus, this study aimed to explore barriers and facilitators that influence the provision of quality care during labor at maternity centers of Karachi, Pakistan. The qualitative exploratory study design was used to explore such factors from public and private maternity health facilities of Karachi, Pakistan. In-depth interviews were conducted through purposive sampling by using validated semi-structured interview guide. Data was analyzed using content analysis manually. Among major barriers; unhygenic environment, lack of basic equipment, supplies and medicine, unprofessional attitude of staff, physical infrastructre and  shotrage of staff were explored. Among facilitators; Caring and supportive attitude of healthcare personnel during labor were identified.
Continuous...
Condition of hard tissues of teeth and oral fluid in athletes-swimmers
Authors: Grebennikov Yu. A. , Golberg N. D.
Published: April 2021

Objective: to determine the state of dental hard tissues and saliva parameters changing in competitive swimmers, before and after a 2­hour training session in the chlorinated water swimming pool.

Materials and methods: saliva parameters of competitive swimmers trained in the sport club “Grifon”, city of St. Petersburg, Russia (n = 21), age of participants 18.1 ± 3.5 years, qualifications (1 category­Master of Sports) and track and field athletes of the sports schools “Nevsky district” and “Orlyonok”, city of St. Petersburg, Russia (n = 18), age of participants 18.80 ± 4.54 years, qualifications (1 category — Master of Sports), have been analyzed by various tests include a study of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), fluorine (F) levels, and pH before and after training sessions. All athletes in the experimental and control groups have passed an examination by dentist, including: examination of the oral cavity with the determination of the KPU index (the sum of carious, filled and removed permanent teeth in the subject), examination of the most common places of occurrence of dental enamel erosion (medical binoculars) and filling out specially designed questionnaires.

Results: there was a tendency to decrease of the average saliva pH in competitive swimmers’ group after a training session, varying from 6.9 ± 0.1 (before training) to 6.5 ± 0.1 (after training) (p > 0.05). In track and field athletes, saliva pH did not change significantly (7.1 ± 0.2 before training and 7.0 ± 0.1 after training) (p < 0.05). The competitive swimmers showed a statistically significant increase in Calcium (Ca) levels (1.25 ± 0.15 mmol/L before exercise and 1.56 ± 0.11 mmol/L after exercise) and Fluorine (F) (0.0010 ± 0.0003 mmol / L before exercise and 0.0090 ± 0.0004 mmol / L after training session) in saliva. The Phosphorus (P) level in saliva was significantly reduced after the training session (from 6.09 ± 0.39 to 3.89 ± 0.46 mmol / L) (p > 0.05). In track and field athletes, there were no significant changes in Ca, F and P levels before and after a training session. As a result of the dentist’s examination, competitive swimmers were found to have 3 athletes (14.3 %) with lesions of the teeth enamel, corresponding to dental erosion and caused by localized demineralization. In the control group of athletes, no such pathologies were revealed.

Conclusion: discovered saliva parameters changing in competitive swimmers (decrease in free salivation, pH level, and increase in the level of Ca and F in saliva) can contribute to the demineralization of tooth enamel. Timely and controlled use of fluorides (as part of mouth rinses, application gels, fluoride varnishes), regular preventive dental examinations, in order to prevent the loss of mineral composition of the teeth when swimming in chlorinated pools, will minimize the risk of staining and dental enamel erosions.
Environmental Physics Study of Natural Renewable Energy Resources in Socotra, Yemen
Authors: Serag Saif , Echchelh Adil
Published: April 2021

The best sources for energy production are renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, tidal energy, and other energy sources, which ensure the sustainability of power generation for life and even avoid the problems producing from fossil fuels combustion, which leads to air pollution, climate change, and many problems, but the main problem that facing Especially in developing countries, such as Yemen is the lack of a database and sufficient information to know the available capabilities for electricity production by natural resources that region possesses, especially the remote islands from the main power plant, which are powered by diesel and gas generators. In this paper, we will provide and list all-natural resources that possessed Socotra island, and its analysis to provide a clear vision that enables exploitation of these resources in the future on a clear scientific basis, as the study shows that mean wind speed is approximately 9.8 m/s, solar radiation reaches 180 kWh/m2, all these values ​​confirm island has the total ability to generate electricity from these sources with high efficiency.
A construção da saúde na escola: uma ação preventiva de doenças
Authors:   Claudia Márcia Fricks Jordao Belonia Terra, Alves Almeida Angelita , do Nascimento Claudiana , Gomes de Almeida Cristiani Jordão , Correia Santana Danielle , Nunes Viana Kamila Batista , Tonon Fontana Luciana , Silva Ventura Marciana dos Santos , Moreira Cacemiro Rita Maria Fernandes Leal
Published: April 2021

O Capítulo intitulado A construção da saúde na escola: uma ação preventiva de doenças escrito por Angelita Alves Almeida, Claudia Márcia Fricks Jordao Belonia Terra, Claudiana do Nascimento, Cristiani Jordão Gomes de Almeida, Danielle Correia Santana, Kamila Batista Nunes Viana, Luciana Tonon Fontana, Marciana dos Santos Silva Ventura, Rita Maria Fernandes Leal Moreira Cacemiro. Os autores abordam a escola como local de intervenção e possíveis trabalhos profissionais na prevenção de doenças a partir de uma perspectiva pedagógica. Os mesmos se propõem a trabalhar a construção da saúde na escola e apontar como que essa inserção pode agir na prevenção de doenças. Programas como o Saúde na Escola (PSE) são canais do Estado com a escola para unir as duas áreas e promover essa linhagem de ensino, além de garantir instruções em campos variados em áreas multidisciplinares. A escola se tornou o principal vínculo do poder público com a sociedade, pois é através dela que se pode alcançar quase que integralmente as futuras gerações e garantir modificações nos espectros sociais que não colaboram para o melhoramento da qualidade de vida. Apontar políticas de saúde na escola e observar os dados positivos relacionados a este tópico, está nos objetivos deste trabalho, além de buscar dentro da literatura embasamentos que justifiquem as situações descritas no desenvolvimento dessa pesquisa
Projeto social com práticas esportivas de apoio à inclusão no município de Presidente Kennedy - ES
Authors: Menezes Filho Daniel , Costa Barreto Sônia Maria da
Published: April 2021

O Capítulo Projeto social com práticas esportivas de apoio à inclusão no município de Presidente Kennedy – ES, escrito por Daniel Menezes Filho e Sônia Maria da Costa Barreto, fazem um resgate do Projeto Cidadão Kennedense, o qual envolveu a Secretaria Municipal de Cultura, Turismo, Esporte e Lazer, Secretaria Municipal de Educação, Secretaria Municipal de Assistência Social e Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, atendendo cerca de 200 crianças e adolescentes com idade entre 7 a 17 anos, promovendo a vivência com várias modalidades do desporto, no período de 2006 a 2009.A pesquisa será realizada no município de Presidente Kennedy, localizado no sul do Espírito Santo, com aproximadamente 12 mil habitantes, dos quais 65% da população reside na zona rural e 35% na zona urbana. O município é o maior arrecadador de royalties de petróleo do estado e uma dos maiores do Brasil. Avaliando a importância social de entender como acontece o processo de inclusão em projetos sociais de educação pelo esporte, esta pesquisa nasceu a partir do nosso envolvimento com o Projeto Cidadão Kennedense no ano de 2006, que fez despertar o interesse em resgatar o referido projeto. Diante disso, a pesquisa pretende apontar caminhos não apenas para a inclusão social através do esporte, mas também, mostrar como o desenvolvimento de programas esportivos pode contribuir para prevenção do uso de bebidas alcóolicas e outras drogas por crianças e adolescentes.
Avaliação diagnóstica como instrumento de aprendizagem no ensino fundamental em Presidente Kennedy-ES
Authors: Santos Marvila Cheila dos , Frigulha Guisso Luana
Published: April 2021

O capítulo Avaliação diagnóstica como instrumento de aprendizagem no ensino fundamental em Presidente Kennedy-ES, as autoras Cheila dos Santos Marvila e Luana Frigulha Guisso com base em suas experiências profissionais o estudo foi acrescido o aspecto descritivo, pelo fato de suscitar a compreensão, do percurso de avaliação diagnóstica do processo de ensino e de aprendizagem dos alunos no âmbito escolar. A preocupação durante a análise realizada foi a de refletir, e analisar de forma cautelosa, as manifestações dos professores que participaram da pesquisa, tanto no que tange aos seus posicionamentos referentes a avaliação diagnóstica, como é compreendida na sua íntegra. A necessidade de verificar entre os professores regentes das séries iniciais do ensino fundamental se o uso da avaliação diagnóstica, aplicada pelo município de Presidente Kennedy, contribui positivamente no processo de aprendizagem dos alunos, levando em consideração a busca pela qualidade do ensino. Diante disso, o problema do estudo trata de aferir se houve contribuição na avaliação diagnostica (Simulado Municipal), realizada pela Secretaria Municipal do município no processo de alfabetização de alunos nas turmas de Ensino Fundamental séries iniciais, nas EMEIEF “Bery Barreto de Araújo” e EMEIEF “Vilmo Ornelas Sarlo”. Para solucionar a indagação apresentada, o objetivo da pesquisa se estabelece no suscitar da compreensão da avaliação diagnóstica implementada pela SEME/PK, bem como investigar a qualidade da contribuição dentro do processo de alfabetização. Utilizou-se a metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva, por meio da coleta de dados, pela aplicação de questionários aos professores das referidas escolas, buscando-se vestígios de expressão de ideias, sentimentos e interesses em relação aos objetivos da avaliação. Mediante os resultados da pesquisa foi possível concluir que todo o processo que envolve o programa de Avaliação Diagnóstica da SEME/PK apresenta intercorrências várias que impedem a que os objetivos dessas avaliações sejam alcançados plenamente.
Marcos legais, Políticas e Programas e acesso à educação de nível Superior no Brasil
Authors: Barreto Fabiula de Carvalho , de Moura Luciana Telles
Published: April 2021

O Capítulo Marcos legais, Políticas e Programas e acesso à educação de nível Superior no Brasil, de autoria de Fabíola de Carvalho Barreto e Luciana Telles de Moura as autoras fazem uma imperiosa contextualização histórica sobre a educação de nível superior no Brasil. Ao longo dessa escrita descrevem como as questões de classe fizeram que durante muitos anos a educação superior na sociedade brasileira fosse exclusivamente um privilégio da nobreza. Entretanto, com as demandas dom sistema de produção capitalista houve necessidade de se formar profissionais capacitados para as exigências do mercado de trabalho. Neste ínterim os movimentos sociais começaram a reivindicar acesso a educação não apenas para atender os interesses do capital, mas fazer valer os direitos de cidadania, que foram instituídos com a Constituição Federativa de 1988. Entretanto as políticas neoliberais que se instauraram no país na década de 90, enxergam a educação como um produto rentável, viram a possibilidade de ampliar suas instituições a parti de programas do governo.
Contribuições da pedagogia no CREAS: enfrentamento e prevenção de violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes
Authors: Jordão Magna Terra , Guisso Luana Frigulha
Published: April 2021

O Capítulo Contribuições da pedagogia no CREAS: enfrentamento e prevenção de violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes de Magna Terra Jordão e Luana Frigulha Guisso, com base em sua em suas experiências profissionais na política nacional de assistência social, apresentam um campo de trabalho da pedagogia pouco explorado. Através de uma pesquisa de campo, descrevem os desafios da profissão nos Centros de Referência Especializados (CREAS), enfatizando o trabalho desenvolvido com crianças e adolescentes vítimas de violência sexual.
Diagnóstico das dificuldades do ensino de história no que tange à identidade quilombola em Presidente Kennedy-ES
Authors: Santos da Silva Vânia dos , Pimentel Franco Sebastião
Published: April 2021

Na mesma sequência o capítulo Diagnóstico das dificuldades do ensino de história no que tange à identidade quilombola em Presidente Kennedy-ES, Vânia dos Santos da Silva e Sebastião Pimentel Franco, discuti como nas comunidades quilombolas de Presidente Kennedy, as políticas públicas que podem ser adotadas em prol dos remanescentes de quilombo em consonância com o ambiente escolar, para contribuir com a autoafirmação dos alunos quilombolas. As comunidades quilombolas adentraram em pauta na década de 70, no entanto as escolas quilombolas só foram regulamentadas com a criação de Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais específicas em 2012, assim, a educação é de fundamental importância, admite que os sujeitos conheçam suas raízes e a educação priorize a identidade dos alunos e oferte uma educação de qualidade. Considerações finais: Como se aborda de comunidades que estão em constantes lutas, em uma sociedade em constante transformação histórica e cultural, que se dá com o passar dos anos, existe necessidade constante de entender o contexto, manter as tradições e batalhas por direitos individuais e coletivos dessas comunidades.
Bacteria, guano and soot: Source assessment of organic matter preserved in black laminae in stalagmites from caves of the Sierra de Atapuerca (N Spain)
Authors: Kaal Joeri , Martínez-Pillado Virginia , Martínez Cortizas Antonio , Sanjurjo Sánchez Jorge , Aranburu Arantza , Arsuaga Juan-Luis , Iriarte Eneko
Published: April 2021

Speleothems are a recognized source of paleoclimatic information, but their value as a source of signals from human activities in caves with an archaeological record has rarely been explored. Previous studies of speleothems in the Sierra de Atapuerca karst system (Burgos, northern Spain) revealed an important human fossil record, provided information about human activities in and around these caves, and the impacts on their natural environment. The present study reports the results of molecular characterization of dark-colored laminae from the stalagmites Ilargi (Galería de las Estatuas) and GS1, GS2, and GS3 (Galería del Silo), by pyrolysis-GC-MS (Py-GC-MS) and thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation (THM-GC-MS). The features of the organic matter demonstrate the presence of (1) a dominant aliphatic fraction probably from in situ bacterial and ex situ plant-derived lipids, (2) black carbon (from soot and/or charcoal), (3) polysaccharides and N-rich moieties (probably from bat guano and microbial sources), and (4) a signal of terpenoid derivatives that may originate from the overlying limestone (kerogen) and extant gymnosperm resin (soils) or cyanobacteria (cave). Some plant-derived lignin may be present as well but was not identified unambiguously. It is concluded that this approach allows identifying multiple general sources of organic matter which can help understand speleothem formation processes, and evidence of soot deposition could be clearly linked to human activities.
Risk of migraine in iron deficiency anemia patients with or without iron supplementation usage: a nationwide database analysis
Authors: Lee Herng-Sheng , Lee Shih-Yu , Huang Wan-Ting , Chen Solomon Chih-Cheng , Yang Hsin-Yi
Published: April 2021

Introduction

This study evaluated the association between iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and migraine and investigated the effects of iron supplementation, and comorbid conditions, including cardiovascular, respiratory, hepatic, endocrine, metabolic, and other diseases on migraine development.

Material and methods

All study subjects aged ≥20 years with newly diagnosed IDA in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database during 2000–2012 were enrolled. We matched IDA and non-IDA subjects according to age and sex at a 1:2 ratio. Our primary outcome was diagnosis of migraine, and the patients were monitored until the end of 2013. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to evaluate the risk of migraine events in IDA.

Results

The cumulative incidence of migraine in patients with IDA was 5.82 per 1,000 person-years, which was higher than that in the comparison group (3.99 per 1,000 person-years) during the follow-up period (log-rank test, p < 0.001). After controlling for potentially confounding factors, the risk of migraine was higher in the IDA group compared with the non-IDA group (the adjusted hazard ratio = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.51−1.87, p < 0.001). Female and ≤50 year-old IDA patients with or without iron supplementation use had an increased incidence of migraine (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Our study provided additional evidence of an increased risk of migraine in patients with IDA. We also found that females and ≤50 year-old IDA patients with or without iron supplementation use had an increased risk of migraines.
Sentiment Analysis through Big Data in online Retail Industry: A Conceptual Quantitative Study on linkage of Big-Data and Assortment Proactive of Online Retailers
Authors: Sultan Muhammad Faisal , Jabeen Mehwish , Mannan Muhammad Adeel
Published: April 2021

Big-Data is the recent trend in data sciences prevailing all over the globe. The tool aids significantly in optimization of knowledge and has predominant use in optimization of knowledge and productivity. However, there is lack of understanding of concept and its application in Pakistan as indicated by Gallup Pakistan (2018) and stream of data is going to be doubled in two years’ time Tankard (2012). Therefore, there is a definite need of research which optimizes understanding associated with technology and its application from the context of Pakistan. Hence considering the application of big-data in retail sector this study aims to explore the impact of sentiment analysis through relating impact of big-data with effective assortment s of online stores. Although data has been collected from IT experts associated with online retail sector via quota sampling and SMART-PLS has been incorporated for the purpose of analysis. Results of the study highlights that big-data is perceived as the major tool for the betterment of assortment in online retail stores although data scientist and their applicability might diminish the impact of the use of big-data.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF CYLINDRICAL FOOD PRODUCT DURING FORCED CONVECTION COOLING
Authors:   Mechanical Engineering Department, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India., Hussain Taliv , Alam Zafar ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India., Hafiz Adnan ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.
Published: April 2021

The objective of this work is to study the transient heat transfer behavior during precooling of cylindrical food product at different air flow rates. Temperature measurement is carried out at the center of the specimen at different air flow rates (3.8, 4.0, 4.2 & 4.5 m/s). These temperature distributions are plotted with time. The terms of Fourier equation were evaluated and thermal diffusivity was plotted against the temperature variation during cooling of the cylindrical food product.Surface film conductance values is also calculated in present work, at different air flow rates. These values are effective values, which included the additional cooling effect due to moisture evaporation from the exposed product surface. Variation of Reynolds number and Nusselt number is also plotted with different air velocities and it is found that more favorable results of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity is obtain at 3.8 m/s. Which ultimately saves energy and provide optimum cooling for the specimen at the given air velocity.
Simulation Study of Ignition Characteristics of Impinging Sprays in Constant Volume Chamber
Authors:   Combustion and Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, ZHCET,AMU, Aligarh, India., Rehman Sanaur , Shahood Alam Shah ,   Combustion and Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, ZHCET,AMU, Aligarh, India.
Published: April 2021

The present study involves the simulation of a constant volume, non-premixed, hot surface spray combustion of diesel fuel for a given set of injection pressure, compressed air pressure (cylinder air pressure) and hot surface temperature (hot plate temperature) and their effects on ignition delay period. Fuel injection pressure was varied from 100 bar – 300 bar in steps of 100 bar, cylinder air pressure in the range of 20 bar to 40 bar (in steps of 10 bar) and hot surface temperature from 623 K to 723 K (50 K steps). The problem was solved using 2D axisymmetric geometry. A structured mesh of about 1.24 lac nodal points was created and tested for grid independency. For solving flow behavior, a pressure solver was used with a turbulence model of k-ε with enhanced wall functions. While a volumetric eddy dissipation model was used to solve combustion phenomena. Ignition delay period was calculated with the help of static temperature versus time plot. It is found that keeping any two operating parameters constant, third operating parameter is inversely proportional to ignition delay period. The results of the present simulation study are in a fairly good agreement with the experimental studies at same operating conditions.
An Experimental Investigation on Vegetable Oils as a Cutting Fluid under Minimum Quantity Lubrication: A Sustainable Machining Approach
Authors:   Research Scholar, MIT Art, Design and Technology University, Pune, India., U. Gunjal Shrikant , B. Sanap Sudarshan ,   Professor, MIT Art, Design and Technology University, Pune, India., C. Ghuge Nilesh ,   Professor, Matoshri College of Engineering and Research Center, Nashik, India., Chinchanikar Satish ,   Profesor, Vishwakarma Institute of Information Technology, Pune, India.
Published: April 2021

Cutting fluid is a vital part of the machining process. Cutting fluid is significantly applied tolower the friction and heat generated in the machining zone. It also helps in easy chip removal, protection against oxidation, tool life improvement, and an overall improvement in the quality of the product. The current industrial practices are majorly emphasized on mineral-based oil application under flood lubrication to achieve superior quality. However, these oils and techniques are toxic and environmentally unfriendly. Machining under dry or with minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) has been mostly preferred to eliminate the use of abundant oil. The current research work has established the promising potential for vegetable oils as a cutting fluid under MQL during turning of AISI 4130 steel. The results inferred that vegetable-based cutting fluids performed better over mineral-based cutting fluids in terms of lower values of machined surface roughness, tool wear, cutting forces, and chip-tool interface temperature. The MQL machining performance in terms of cutting forces, surface roughness and tool life has been observed better in comparison to machining under flood and dry cutting conditions.
Fitted Operator Finite Difference Method for Singularly Perturbed Parabolic Convection-Diffusion Type
Authors: Aga Bullo Tesfaye , File Duressa Gemechis
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we study the numerical solution of singularly perturbed parabolic convection-diffusion type with boundary layers at the right side. To solve this problem, the backward-Euler with Richardson extrapolation method is applied on the time direction and the fitted operator finite difference method on the spatial direction is used, on the uniform grids. The stability and consistency of the method were established very well to guarantee the convergence of the method. Numerical experimentation is carried out on model examples, and the results are presented both in tables and graphs. Further, the present method gives a more accurate solution than some existing methods reported in the literature.
PREGNANCY OUTCOME IN FEMALES WITH HIGH BODY MASS INDEX (BMI)
Authors: Sadia Zahoor  , Tahira Malik  , Sadia Younas  , Zilla Huma  , Aalia Tayyba  , Saima Azhar
Published: April 2021

Objective: To determine the various pregnancy outcomes in females with high pre pregnancy BMI.

Study Design: Descriptive case series.

Setting: Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan.

Duration: 30-06-2016 to 31-12-2017.

Methodology; In the present study, pregnant females with age of gestation less than 12 weeks presenting with their first ante natal visit falling in the age range of 20-40 years having pre pregnancy BMI > 25 kg/m2  were included. Then these cases were followed for their whole pregnancy to look for various outcomes.

Results; In the present study there were 150 subjects enrolled with high pre pregnancy BMI. Mean age of the participants was 28.41±4.67 year and mean BMI was 28.31±3.57 kg/m2. Regarding various outcome the most common one was C section which was seen in 42 (28%) of the cases, followed by PIH seen in 35 (23.34%) of the cases, while pregnancy remained uneventful in only 21 (14%) of the cases.

Conclusion: High pre pregnancy BMI leads to various complication, which are seen in almost 8 out of 10 cases and the most common one is C section.

Key words: BMI, C section, PIH
The Need for Chess in School and Its Role in the Dynamics of Child Development
Authors: V. Glukhova Oksana
Published: April 2021

The article describes the methodology for studying the dynamics of increasing the level of development of intellectual processes in children learning to play chess with the help of the reﬂective-activity approach. It describes the formation of the mental plan of ac-tion and position of agency (subjectness position) in the planning of the student’s own developmental trajectory and learning. The results of the inﬂuence of chess lessons on the qualitative leap in the development of junior students in comparison with children not engaged in chess are considered. The developing potential of chess lessons for students is also described.
“Chess for overall development” software in the frame of Reflection and Activity
Authors: A. Chernysh Aleksei
Published: April 2021

The paper discusses “Chess for overall development” project, which is based on Reﬂection and Activity Approach in helping overcome learning diÿculties. The project has been running for over 12 years now, putting theory of the approach into practice in several cities throughout the Russian Federation. One of the key elements in this project is developing the ability to think in mind using chess problems and sequential progress through material where solving of problems becoming more idea-based and less action-based using the notion of the stage-by-stage formation of mental actions. Unlike other methods teachers use to teach chess, the Chess for Overall Development project views chess primarily as a psychological instrument for helping develop the ability to think in mind. The basis for the ideas of the project is L. S. Vygotsky’s cultural-historical psychology. Vygotsky’s notions on the development of the human psyche are implemented and partially expanded as part of the project. In recent years the software “Chess for overall development” was made designed with full compatibility with the principles of the reﬂection and activity approach and implementing the notion of the ability to think in mind development and sequential transition from material to ideal plane of mental actions. We present detailed description of the software features as well as its approbation results collected in schools, universities and hospitals.
Practice of Teachers’ Training on the Basis of the Ideas of Cultural and Historical Psychology of L. S. Vygotsky
Authors: S. Obukhov Alexey
Published: April 2021

In Russia, new standards of education, which are built in many respects on the basis of the ideas of cultural and historical psychology, are accepted. It is natural that there has occurred a question of modernization of vocational training of the teacher who would not simply listen to or read about these ideas, but would work out their practical way of realization in their everyday practice, self-reﬂect this experience, embody trial action with children, and selfreﬂect it again. As the basic ideas of L. S. Vygotsky and his school of sciences, the basis of the concept of modernization of pedagogical education was formed through the following concepts: the development as mastering the culture; the concept of age and logics of an age periodization; a ratio of training and development in a zone of the next development; the change of a social situation of development and crises of a growing; the roundabout ways of development; the causal biography; cultural mediation of the development of the highest mental functions; etc. The fundamental principles of modernization of pedagogical education are the following: logics of creation of education "from an action to a thought" (a practical action with its video ﬁxing – the criteria analysis of this action – the development of the theory describing action mechanisms – the following level of practical action) and social constructivism as the leading way of activity in the situation of uncertainty and variability. The experience of introduction of this model (about 2000 people) within three years has shown its eÿciency.
Subjectness Position Relative to Educational Activities in Different Age Periods
Authors: V. Zaretskii Yuriy
Published: April 2021

The concept of subjectness position relative to educational activities is considered in the article as one of the central one for the reﬂexive-activity approach. The author’s deﬁni-tion of this concept is given. The main results of the research concerning the attitude to educational activities in di˙erent age periods among Russian school’s pupils are given, which show that, on the one hand, it is the subjectness position that is extremely impor-tant for many aspects of educational activities, but at the same time the Russian pupils subjectness position intensity decreases in the adolescent period. Nevertheless, in Russia there are pedagogical systems that contribute to the development of the pupils’ subjectness position.
Collaborations interprofessionnelles et travail collectif dans une classe mixte genevoise : un environnement capacitant d’inclusion scolaire éclaire par les théories de l’activité
Authors: Ciavaldini-Cartaut Solange , Guilley Edith , Jendoubi Verena , Dutrévis Marion
Published: April 2021

Adoptant une posture dialectique ancrée dans la troisième génération des théories de l'activité, nous documentons la façon dont s’instaure un environnement capacitant d’apprentissage et de travail propice à l’école inclusive dans le contexte genevois (Suisse). À partir de l’analyse discursive de l’activité des professionnels de l’enseignement régulier et spécialisé à propos de leurs collaborations interprofessionnelles, nos résultats rendent compte de l’opérationnalisation du travail collectif dans une classe intégrée mixte (CLIM) du secondaire ainsi que des contradictions de premier niveau au sein du système d’activité liées au programme scolaire et à l'évaluation dont le dépassement permet l’atteinte des objectifs d’inclusion scolaire des élèves.
THE FORMATION OF BASICS HEALTH AND SAFETY LIFE COMPETENCIES FROM GENERAL EDUCATION SCHOOLSTUDENTS
Authors: Lakoza N. V.
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the problems of formulating health care and safety of life competence. The article presents the history of the formation and development of health care in pedagogy. The article identifies the main competencies of the 8th-grade courses “Fundamentals of Health” and “Human Biology”. Ascertaining experiment, which was conducted among 8‑form students indicates that the majority consider the course “Fundamentals of Health” — 57.2% necessary to study, but 34.5% of students want a more practical orientation of learning. The formation of students’ competencies of the basics of health and safety of life is considered in the article as a step-by-step process based on the theory of knowledge and should take place in the following stages: empirical, conceptual, and creative, corresponding to the levels of basic concepts: initial, medium, high. In the formative experiment the study of these natural disciplines is carried out using modular learning, which involves the transition of the student to the position of a real subject of educational activity, the basic concepts are highlighted. The use of the educational module involves the structuring of the material, the organization of independent work of students and the implementation of educational tasks, practical work with the application of active teaching methods (problem situations, business games). The structuring of educational material involves its division into blocks: information, practical, integration, control, and testing of knowledge. The humanistic approach is carried out by supplementing the course programs with topics of International Humanitarian Law. The content and activity component of the process, as well as the pedagogical conditions for the formation of students’ competencies in the basics of health and safety of life, have been developed. The methods which it is expedient to use in the course of formation of the given competence at students of comprehensive schools are defined.
MANAGEMENT OF THE INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Komlichenko О.O. , Rotan N. V.
Published: April 2021

The article defines that the intellectual capital of an educational institution is a set of intangible resources and competencies for their use, which provide the formation, accumulation, and transfer of knowledge, skills, and experience and create competitive advantages and conditions for the long-term development of educational establishments. Identified components of intellectual capital in the context of the institution of vocational pre-higher education are the following: human, organizational, and consumer. It is emphasized that the development of the intellectual capital of an educational institution should be considered as irreversible, directed, conforming to the law of nature, and qualitative changes in the state of the human, organizational, and consumer resources and competencies. Peculiarities of management of intellectual capital development of the institution of vocational pre-higher education are determined. It is substantiated that the increase of the educational institution’s effectiveness and the quality of its services mostly depend on the composition and quality of intellectual potential of scientific-pedagogical staff, teaching, informational and material support of the educational process, and the institution’s ties with different stakeholders. It is proved that the management of intellectual capital development is a system of actions aimed at the availability, demand, and increase of educational services quality, the implementation of innovative teaching forms and methods; and increasing the number of intelligent products. According to the mentioned criteria, the intellectual capital of Kherson Polytechnic Vocational College of Odesa National Polytechnic University was estimated by using the integrated method. The results of the calculations allow us to claim that during the analyzed period the level of the intellectual capital of the educational institution increased from optimal to high (above average). This attests to the development of the intellectual capital components and the effectiveness of its management in the educational institution. The directions of effectiveness increase of management of intellectual capital development in the institution of vocational pre-higher education are offered.
FEATURES OF FORMATION OF ENGINEERING STEM COMPONENT IN TEACHING PHYSICS AND TECHNICAL DISCIPLINES IN INNOVATIVE EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Kuzmenko O. S. , Savchenko I. M. , Demianenko V. B.
Published: April 2021

The article considers the current problems of implementation of STEM-technologies and the separation of engineering STEM-component, which is important for the formation of STEM-competencies in subjects of study. Teaching physics to students of non-physics specialties in technical institutions of higher education in the context of reforming physics education is carried out, as a rule, in the I–II courses. The content of the discipline “Physics” needs to be modernized in accordance with modern achievements of physics science and didactic principles of construction of the course of physics, considering the fundamentals, scientific, continuity and interdisciplinary connections. Therefore, the modernization of higher education in Ukraine requires taking into account the general trends in the development of higher education systems in the context of globalization and European integration processes, namely the trends in the development of STEM-education. It is established that the change in the field of higher education, in particular technics, taking into account the development of STEM-education involves revising the concept of training in each field, so modernizing the content of education requires updating the educational base (goals, content, methods, forms and means), through which in the future the implementation of modern innovative STEM-approaches will be carried out. Taking into account current trends and the main directions of improving the educational process, the method of teaching physics to effectively acquaint students with the basics of physics, which is required for further study of professionally oriented disciplines, should be aimed not only at qualitative, scientifically and methodologically sound teaching, provided by the educational activities of the teacher, and mainly to intensify the independent educational and research activities of students. Such a technique should develop and stimulate interest in knowledge and understanding of physics, their application in explaining the phenomena and processes of the microworld and the world as a whole and give students an effective system of knowledge, skills and form a natural worldview. The article outlines the peculiarities of the formation of the engineering STEM-component and gives an example of consideration of the work of the physics workshop with programming elements. It is determined that the physics experiment is an important factor in the development of STEM-education in higher education institutions of technical profile and methods of teaching physics. The use of STEM-technologies activates the independent cognitive-search activity of students before studying physics and technical disciplines.
EVALUATION OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Authors: Kutsenko O. I. , Yakovenko V. D. , Yakovenko Ye. O.
Published: April 2021

The article defines the essence of the concepts “assessment” and “internal audit” of the quality assurance system, the requirements of international ISO standards for the formation of an internal system for evaluating the effectiveness of management systems are analyzed, highlights the main aspects of the formation of the program and plan of internal audit, the competence of auditors, proposes a method of expert assessment in the quality management system of educational institutions in the context of a real educational process, proposes automated information and analytical management system. The authors noted that the effectiveness of the conducted internal audit (hereinafter IA) depends on an effective audit program, the competence of auditors and further improvement actions. The purpose, criteria and methods of the audit program are also determined, the example of the “Program of internal audit of structural units of the college” is given. The requirements for auditors were selected and substantiated. Attention is drawn to the fact that the functioning of the quality management system (hereinafter QMS) directly depends on the systematic nature and effectiveness of the IA and, as a consequence, the systematic improvement of the system itself. The proposed system of expert assessment of QMS is considered on the example of the management of the professional pre-higher education institution of the separate structural subdivision “Kherson Polytechnic College of the Odessa National Polytechnic University”. The basic requirements for the formation of a group of experts are defined, also for obtaining a quality forecast the requirements for the competence of experts are defined. The authors of the article concluded that obtaining a general assessment of all processes and identifying the most problematic aspects without automated management is very difficult, so it is proposed to use the suggested system of expert assessment of QMS.
DEVELOPMENT STEM-EDUCATION IN UKRAINE (ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH “THE STATE OF DEVELOPMENT STEM-EDUCATION IN UKRAINE”)
Authors: Chernomorets V. V. , Vasylenko I. V. , Kovalenko M. V.
Published: April 2021

The article considers the results of the research “The state of development STEM-education in Ukraine”, which was conducted by the Department of STEM-education of Institute of education content modernization. The study was conducted by questionnaire. The toolkit is Google Forms, for all groups of respondents: regional coordinators, methodologists of city/district methodological centers, heads of secondary education institutions, teachers of subjects: computer science, mathematics, physics, biology, chemistry, technology. The number of respondents is 2,988. The questionnaires contained different types and content of questions, the analysis of the answers to which allows us to draw conclusions about the state of development of STEM education in Ukraine. The process of developing the field of STEM-education is in the following main areas: creating a legal framework, methodological and scientific-methodological basis, conducting research on the content and results of the process, acquainting teachers with the best examples of foreign and domestic innovation experience, training, support and support STEMteachers, etc. Research of the content, processes and results of STEM-education provides prompt receipt of information that reflects the changing pedagogical reality, helps to introduce innovation into the practice of the educational process, allows to draw conclusions and adjust educational activities at a certain stage. Thanks to the generalized results of research we have the opportunity to draw conclusions, make recommendations, and sometimes improve the theoretical foundations of the field of STEM education.