bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formation conditions of the bronze age metallurgical slags
of the South Urals and Kazakhstan
Authors: Ankushev M.N. , Artemyev D.A. , Blinov I.A.
Published: October 2020

Four main mineralogical types are identifed among a wide variety of metallurgical slags from the bronze Age sites of the South Urals and Kazakhstan: chromite-bearing olivine, sulfde-bearing olivine, glassy sulfde-bearing and pyroxene. The slag types signifcantly difer in morphology, major and accessory minerals and composition of melt inclusions. The temperature of melt and the dynamics of its changes are estimated from phase diagrams and experimental studies. Crystallization models are proposed on the basis of ontogeny of newly formed minerals, relict inclusions, and possible temperatures for all slag types.
Figures 15. Tables 3. References 46.
Detection limit of carbon concentration measurement in Si for photoluminescence method after electron irradiation
Authors: Satake Yuta , Tajima Michio , Asahara Shota , Ogura Atsushi
Published: October 2020

We investigated the detection limit of carbon in Si for the photoluminescence (PL) method after electron irradiation. The detection limit was obtained from the intensity ratio of the G-line to the free exciton line with the G-line intensity twice as high as the noise level and was estimated at 4 × 1013 cm−3 under the measurement condition in accordance with the standard [JIS H0615] for quantification of donor and acceptor impurities in Si at 4.2 K. We showed that the limit is extendable down to 2 × 1013 cm−3 by optimizing the excitation power and sample temperature.
TO STUDY THE INCIDENCE, ETIOLOGY AND CORRELATION BETWEEN SERUM AMYLASE LEVELS AND BALTHAZAR SCORE (SEVERITY) IN PATIENTS OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Purandare Snehal N. , Chavan Aishwarya U. , Patil Brijesh U.
Published: October 2020

Acute pancreatitis is a heterogeneous disease ranging from minimal pancreatic inflammation seen in mild interstitial pancreatitis to extensive pancreatic necrosis and liquefaction of severe attacks.
The incidence of acute pancreatitis is 33.3 per 100,000 population. Maximum number of patients with acute pancreatitis belong to the age groups of 26 – 35 years and 36- 45 years with 34.8% of cases in each of the mentioned age groups. The mean age of presentation was 39 years.
Out of the 89 patients who were diagnosed with pancreatitis, only 5 patients were females while all others were males. The male to female ratio was 16.8: 1 with male preponderance. On presentation, all 89 patients (100%) had pain in abdomen, 89.9% of the cases had vomiting and 64% of the cases had radiating back pain as the presenting symptoms.
Alcohol abuse was found to be the most common cause of pancreatitis isolated in 89.9% of the patients which explains the 16.8:1 male female ratio. The second most common cause was gallstone induced pancreatitis (9%) while idiopathic pancreatitis was found in 1.1% of the cases. None of the patients had other rare causes of pancreatitis amongst the miscellaneous category.
The sensitivity of serum amylase was 84.3% while the specificity of serum amylase was 55.9%. For Balthazar score (inflammation) 1, 2, 3 the mean serum amylase value (U/L) was 696.5, 829.6 and 822.0 respectively. [Normal Range: 22 – 80U/L in our institute] For Balthazar score (necrosis) 0, 2, 4 the mean serum amylase value (U/L) was 738.1, 57.7 and 43 respectively. [Normal Range: 22 – 80U/L in our institute]
As the Balthazar score (necrosis) increases, the value of serum amylase remains in the normal limits and does not increase suggesting an inverse correlation between the two.
It may be time to improve the neuron of artificial neural network
Authors: Liu Gang
Published: October 2020

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have won
numerous contests in pattern recognition, machine learning, or artificial
intelligence in recent years. The neuron
of ANNs was designed by the stereotypical knowledge of biological neurons 70
years ago. Artificial Neuron is expressed as f(wx+b) or f(WX). This design
does not consider dendrites' information processing capacity. However, some recent studies show that biological dendrites participate in the
pre-calculation of input data. Concretely, biological dendrites play a role in
extracting the interaction information among inputs (features). Therefore, it
may be time to improve the neuron of ANNs. According to our previous studies
(DD), this paper adds the dendrites' function to artificial Neuron. The
dendrite function can be expressed as Wi,i-1Ai-1 ○ A0|1|2|...|i-1 . The generalized new neuron can be expressed as f(W(Wi,i-1Ai-1 ○
A0|1|2|...|i-1)).The simplified new neuron
be expressed as f(∑(WA ○ X)). After improving the neuron, there
are so many networks to try. This paper shows some basic architecture for
reference in the future.

Interesting things: (1) The computational
complexity of dendrite modules (Wi,i-1Ai-1 ○ Ai-1) connected in series is far lower than Horner's method. Will this
speed up the calculation of basic functions in computers? (2) The range of sight of animals has a
gradient, but the convolution layer does not have this characteristic. This
paper proposes receptive fields with a gradient. (3) The networks using Gang
neurons can delete traditional networks' Fully-connected Layer. In other words,
the Fully-connected Layers' parameters are assigned to a single neuron, which
reduces the parameters of a network for the same mapping capacity.

One important thing: ResDD can replace the current all ANNs' Neurons (ResDD modules+One Linear module)! ResDD has controllable precision for better generalization capability!

Gang neuron code is available at https://github.com/liugang1234567/Gang-neuron.
Lift-off tolerant pancake eddy-current sensor for the thickness and spacing measurement of non- magnetic plates
Authors: Lu Mingyang , Meng Xiaobai , Huang Ruochen , Chen Liming , peyton anthony , yin wuliang
Published: October 2020

The lift-off spacing distance between the eddy current sensor and test piece will influence the detected signals and accuracy of the measurement. Various techniques including novel sensor designs, features (lift-off point of intersection, lift-off invariance phenomenon), and algorithms have been proposed for the compensation of error caused by the lift-off effect using the eddy current sensor. However, few of these have directly measured the lift-off spacing distance, particularly for the distance up to 15 mm. In this paper, a lift-off tolerant pancake sensor has been designed. By analysing the sensitive region of the magnetic vector potential change (due to the test piece), the receiver of the sensor is designed as a circular spiral pancake coil with a large mean radius and span length (the difference between inner and outer radius). Experiments on the inductance measurement of three different non-magnetic samples have been carried out using both the designed pancake sensor and the previous triple-helix sensor. From the experiment result, the detected signal of the designed sensor has been proved much larger than that of the triple-helix sensor. Besides, simplified algorithms have been proposed for the measurement of the lift-off spacing and thickness of non-magnetic samples when using the proposed pancake sensor. Results show that the lift-off spacing and thickness can be measured with a small error of 0.14 mm (absolute error under 209.66 kHz), and 1.35 % (relative error, under low working frequencies of 142, 238, and 338 Hz) for the lift-off spacing from 1 to 15 mm.
Análisis bibliométrico de la Revista Ciencias Agropecuarias de la Universidad de Cundinamarca en el período 2015-2019
Authors: Martin Culma Nazly Yolieth
Published: October 2020

El acceso al conocimiento científico y la difusión de este son fundamentales para el desarrollo de las sociedades. La Revista Ciencias Agropecuarias (RCA) posee una gran importancia en la transferencia de conocimiento en la región del Sumapaz. Para evaluar el crecimiento de la revista en el período 2015-2019, se realizó un estudio bibliométrico para determinar su crecimiento e impacto durante 4 años. Para la elaboración de este estudio bibliométrico se utilizó Google Académico y los registros de la RCA. La información se analizó estadísticamente en frecuencias, porcentajes y promedios. Se determinó que la RCA está en crecimiento y tiene visibilidad científica nacional e internacional.
Comportamiento productivo y calidad de la carne en pollos de engorde utilizando trigo tropical (Coix Lacryma Jobi)
Authors: Núñez-Torres Óscar Patricio , Pilatuña-Gualaceo Jeaneth Guadalupe , Almeida-Secaira Roberto Ismael
Published: October 2020

El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar el efecto de la inclusión de trigo tropical (Coix Lacryma Jobi), sobre los índices productivos y la calidad de la carne pollos de engorde Cobb 500 de 1 día, en la parroquia Veracruz perteneciente al cantón Puyo, provincia de Pastaza, Ecuador. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques completamente al azar, el ensayo duró 42 días dispuestos en 4 tratamientos y 5 repeticiones, se manejaron tratamientos con diferentes niveles de inclusión (20 %, 30 %, 40 %) y un testigo (0 %). En la etapa inicial presentaron para Ganancia de Peso 382.1 g vs. T0 = 334.5 g, conversión alimenticia 1.04 vs. T0 = 1.17. Para la etapa de crecimiento se obtuvo una conversión alimenticia de 1.23 vs. T0 = 1.29 y en la etapa de engorde se obtuvo una ganancia de peso 1289.84 g vs. T1 = 1243.98 g, conversión alimenticia de 1.06 vs. T1 = 1.66, con mortalidad de 2 % en la etapa de crecimiento y engorde. Se evaluaron los Índices de Eficiencia Europea e Ingalls-Ortiz obteniendo valores de 401.18 y 1.45, respectivamente. Para el rendimiento a la canal, T3 = 1864.2 g, comparando con los demás tratamientos. En las pruebas fisicoquímicas se obtuvieron mejores resultados con T2 con un pH = 6.02 vs. T3 = 5.84, color y capacidad de retención de agua 46.48 % vs. T1 = 23 %, y mejor rentabilidad con la T3. Concluyendo que una inclusión de 40 % de trigo tropical en las dietas de pollos de engorde ayuda a mejorar los parámetros zootécnicos, calidad de carne y rendimiento económico.
Estimation of morphological characteristics of Seedlings of Genipa americana L. (Rubiaceae)
Authors: Farias C. B. M. , Correa A. S. A. S. , Silva M. C. M. , Cruz R. R. , Ramos L. P. N. , Souza S. A. M.
Published: October 2020

Genipa americana L. is a tree species with socioeconomic and environmental potential. Popularly known as jenipapeiro, it is used in the production of wood and its fruits are considered one of the main recipes of small farmers, being also used in the recovery of degraded areas. The work aimed to evaluate and compare the traditional method (Pachymeter) and digital image obtained through a photographic camera to determine the height of the plant, height of insertion of the first leaf and diameter of the neck of American genipa. The study was carried out in the Flora-action-Seedlings nursery and in the Didactics II laboratory. In the nursery, 30 seedlings were analyzed randomly. In the same numerical sequence were the seedlings on the phenotyping platform where the images were captured, with a Sony Gps Hd Avchd progressive digital camera, attached at a height of 50 cm. The diameter of the stem (CD), the total height of the plant and the height of insertion of the last leaf were measured using the free ImageJ software, using images from digital cameras. Statistical analyzes were performed with the aid of the Sigmaplot program and analyzed using descriptive statistics to estimate measures of central tendency (mean) and dispersion (standard deviation and coefficient of variation). Through the results, it is possible to observe the high proportion of the two methodologies, being validated both for the traditional methods (caliper) and for the innovative method (digital image). Where the coefficients were high, showing the accuracy of the methods. Thus, it indicates that the digital camera can be very useful to measure the total height of a plant and can also be indicated for trees, shrubs and others. According to the data obtained, it can be said that there is precision between the methodologies used with manual measurement and digital images, using the ImageJ software, and its use is recommended for the analysis of the morphological characteristics of the species Genipa americana L.
Availability of boron in clayey and sandy soil due to the application of different borated sources in soybean cultivation
Authors: Bento K. F. , Carniel E. , Raimundo C. B. , Rocha R. R. , Schoninger E. L.
Published: October 2020

Boron deficiency in the soil is commonly found throughout the country, mainly in cerrado soils, making it extremely necessary to fertilize such a micronutrient. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the availability of boron in clay and sandy soils with different sources of borated fertilizers in soybean cultivation in the 2018/19 soybean harvest. The availability of boron was evaluated by the method with hot water extraction in a soil sample in different soil layers and at a different time of collection. The experiment was assembled in randomized blocks (DBC), with 5 treatments and 4 replications, as follows: split boric acid: twice, total boric acid: one application of the integral dose, Granulex ®️, Produbor®️ and control treatment Granulex provided higher B content in the soil in the 1st collection, in the 10-20 cm layer in cl In sandy soil, the different sources did not defer under the availability of B at all depths and collections. In general, clayey soils retain B more when compared to sandy soils
Pulmonary Rehabilitation – Historical Outline,
Programs and Physiotherapeutic Treatment
Authors: Lewińska Agnieszka , Dolecki Włodzimierz , Rongies Witold
Published: October 2020

Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is the basis of an integrated treatment program for patients suffering from chronic respiratory diseases. Contributing to the reduction of dyspnoea and fatigue, increase in exercise tolerance and improvement in functional capabilities and emotional state, PR growths participation in social life, and reduces utilization of health care. Despite the scientifically proven benefits of its use, it is very often, for a variety of reasons, insufficiently exploited or even unavailable. The article presents a brief history of pulmonary rehabilitation and emphasizes the importance of developing PR programs. The aim of the paper is to increase interest in issues related to pulmonary rehabilitation, including its key element - physiotherapy and to persuade professionals dealing with the treatment of respiratory diseases, to implement this form of therapy and become familiar with the current international guidelines, that create foundation of pulmonary rehabilitation programs.
Diezmos en Huamanga
Authors: Huertas Lorenzo
Published: October 2020

The tithe: "part of the fruits that the faithful pay to the church of God, which is regularly a tenth" or tenth of the fruits that are harvested, although sometimes less depending on the case and custom of the places". To these definitions we can add that the tithe was a form of coercive taxation paid by the owners of "decimal lands"; failure to comply implied major excommunication late sentisa ipso facto. When this penalty was applied, the name of the excommunicated person was put on the door "of the churches of where they were parishioners and he did not order them to absolve or remove them from the tablet until they have fulfilled the payment".
Sprache – Macht – Schule
Authors: Zingg Irène
Published: October 2020

This article reflects on how language can be a hegemonic practice, as illustrated by the term linguicism. This linguistic discrimination is used to legitimate an unequal division of power and needs to be tackled through decolonial approaches. Switzerland has an offcial tradition of multilingualism, yet people in Switzerland experience discrimination depending on the languages they speak. Pupils in Switzerland are increasingly multilingual but, given their transnational family backgrounds, not always in an offcial Swiss language. Pupils and teachers perceive and value languages differently, often at a subconscious level. Where pupils speak a prestigious language, their language skills are more highly valued. If multilingualism is coupled with a language of migration, a negative connotation occurs and students experience linguicism.
Contribution to cultural-geographical research: Possible evaluations of cultural aspects by statistical methods
Authors: Kuldová Silvie
Published: October 2020

The aim of this article is to show that an evaluation of cultural aspects does not always mean an operation with "soft", non-quantifiable data. It is possible to refer to cultural variety of regions also with the help of numeric indicators, so-called "hard" data. As an example, differences between the Czech borderland and inland are studied in this article. The used characteristics are the percentage of native persons and number of municipality parts per municipality. Dissimilarity ratio of these indicators in space is evaluated by statistical analysis methods: independent-samples T test, one-way ANOVA, chi-square tests. Component analysis outputs help to complete the findings. Statistically significant differences between the identity of the Czech borderland and inland were proved. The impact of the former Czech-German linguistic boundary on the degree of regional identity of the inhabitants is still sensible.
A New Class of Fifth and Sixth Order Root-Finding Methods with Its Dynamics and Applications
Authors: Sharma Debasis , Sanjaya Kumar Parhi  , Shanta Kumari Sunanda
Published: October 2020

In this paper, we deal with the construction, analysis and applications of a modified uniparametric family of methods to solve nonlinear equations in R. We study the convergence of new methods which shows the order of convergence is at least five and for a particular value 3/2 of the parameter γ, the method is sixth order convergent. We discuss several applications such as Max Planck’s conservative law, chemical equilibrium and multi-factor effect to demonstrate the productiveness and capability of the suggested method (for γ = 3/2 ). At every iteration our method is compared with Maroju et al. method[1] and Parhi and Gupta method[2] in terms of the values |f (xn)| and |xn − xn−1|. From the numerical experiments, advantages of our method is observed. Furthermore, we study the complex dynamics to determine the stability and dynamical properties of the methods.
A proposal to teach implicature to intermediate students of English
Authors: Araujo Portuga Juan Carlos
Published: October 2020

Teaching pragmatics in language learning is growing more and more relevant in order to achieve the goal that the speakers of a language can communicate effectively with both native and non-native speakers. As a result, misunderstandings when communicating will be avoided. Within pragmatics, implicature is one of the most problematic aspects for students to grasp. Besides, not being able to handle it correctly may interfere or even hinder communication. Therefore, teaching implicature effectively becomes a must for twenty-first century teachers. This means that their goal has to be to equip their students with the necessary skills they will need to manage successfully in a globalised world where English is used as a lingua franca. This paper begins by revising the main concepts about pragmatic competence, together with the most common and effective ways to teach pragmatics. Then, some possible ways to assess the acquisition of pragmatic competence, as well as a proposal to teach implicature to intermediate students of English are presented in this paper. The proposal takes as a reference the different stages, activities, kind of input, materials and ways to teach and assess implicature that have proven effective in previous research studies into this issue. The different parts of this proposal are described, as well as the materials to be used with it. They are mainly authentic input, as well as examples of the most habitual types of activities employed for this purpose. Finally, the results which are expected to be achieved through this proposal are outlined.
Laburpen zientifikoen izaera diskurtsiboa: Ikastorratza aldizkariaren azterketa
Authors: Bereziartua Garbiñe , Boillos Mari Mar
Published: October 2020

The abstract is a discursive genre with an autonomous nature in the academic field. Research into the structure and composition of abstracts has been carried out in a variety of languages, and these characteristics vary according to the language or field of knowledge, among others. This research aims to find out what are the characteristics of the abstracts written in Basque in the field of Social Sciences. To this end, the Basque language summaries published since the creation of the Ikastorratza journal have been analyzed in articles originally published in Basque. Considering Hyland's model (2000), the fundamental quantitative and discursive characteristics of these texts have been examined, together with their evolution over time. The results show heterogeneous patterns and a lack of discursive systematization in the construction of these texts. All of this has implications for the teaching of academic writing.
GEOECOLOGICAL FEATURES OF SOLID MUNICIPAL WASTE STORAGE FACILITIES PLACEMENT IN VORONEZH REGION
Authors: Ashikhmina T. V. , Ovchinnikova T. V. , Kuprienko P. S. , Ashikhmin A. M.
Published: October 2020

The article discusses the geo-environmental conditions of Voronezh region, which have a significant impact on potential environmental threat of solid municipal waste (MSW) facilities. Zoning of the region was carried out according to the priority of potentially dangerous geoecological factors to be assessed when choosing the location of MSW landfills. Conclusions made in this work can serve as recommendations in formation of a resource-saving environmentally friendly waste management system in the territory of the Voronezh region.
Innovative Teaching Techniques for Entrepreneurship Education in the Era of Digitalisation
Authors: Mavlutova Inese , Lesinskis Kristaps , Liogys Mindaugas , Hermanis Janis
Published: October 2020

Nowadays, in the digital age, automated software with machine learning and artificial intelligence is widely used in both business and everyday life, therefore it has to be used in education and achieving of its sustainability. The young generation makes extensive use of a wide range of software, so teaching with an auto-mated tool would be very attractive for students, but there is a need to increase teachers' digital skills and com-petencies. When studying entrepreneurship, students prefer innovative, practical teaching methods, involving automatic tools for validation of business idea feasibility.The aim of the study is to identify multidisciplinary and innovative educational approaches and techniques in entrepreneurship, containing training that uses automated software to test and improve the viability of students' business ideas.The authors followed the objectives of the Europe 2020 Strategy and the Entrepreneurship 2020 Action Plan. Digitalization creates and will create more and more possibilities in future to use automatic digital tools in edu-cation and solutions in form of artificial intelligence that might be scalable and widely applied for the distance learning as evidenced by the crisis caused by COVID-19.The research is based on existing researches and comparative analysis of teaching entrepreneurship, statistical data analysis and survey conducted by authors. Discussion on and identification of innovative learning and teach-ing techniques in entrepreneurship education is also included.
Diagnostic Patterns of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre
Authors: Nadjafi M. , Sung M.R. , Santos G.D.C. , Le L.W. , Hwang D.M. , Tsao M.S. , Leighl N.B.
Published: October 2020

Background: Accurate classification of lung cancer subtypes has become critical in tailoring lung cancer treatment. Our study aimed to evaluate changes in diagnostic testing and pathologic subtyping of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) over time at a major cancer centre. Methods: In a review of patients diagnosed with advanced NSCLC at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre between 2007–2009 and 2013–2015, diagnostic method, sample type and site, pathologic subtype, and use of immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and molecular testing were abstracted. Results: The review identified 238 patients in 2007–2009 and 283 patients in 2013–2015. Over time, the proportion of patients diagnosed with adenocarcinoma increased to 73.1% from 60.9%, and diagnoses of NSCLC not otherwise specified (NOS) decreased to 6.4% from 18.9%, p < 0.0001. Use of diagnostic bronchoscopy decreased (26.9% vs. 18.4%), and mediastinal sampling procedures, including endobronchial ultrasonography, increased (9.2% vs. 20.5%, p = 0.0001). Use of IHC increased over time to 76.3% from 41.6% (p < 0.0001). Larger surgical or core biopsy samples and those for which IHC was performed were more likely to undergo biomarker testing (both p < 0.01). Conclusions: Customizing treatment based on pathologic subtype and molecular genotype has become key in treating patients with advanced lung cancer. Greater accuracy of pathology diagnosis is being achieved, including through the routine use of IHC.
The Risk of Diarrhea and Colitis in Patients with Lung Cancer Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bishay K. , Tandon P. , Bourassa-Blanchette S. , Laurie S.A. , McCurdy J.D.
Published: October 2020

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (icis), including inhibitors of PD-1, PD-L1, and ctla-4, are relatively novel therapies for lung cancer, although their use might be limited by gastrointestinal toxicity. The aim of the present study was to determine the risk of diarrhea and colitis associated with icis in lung cancer and the rates of discontinuation because of those toxicities. Methods: Electronic databases were searched for prospective trials reporting the risk of diarrhea and colitis in patients with lung cancer treated with PD-1, PD-L1, and ctla-4 inhibitors. The incidences of diarrhea and colitis and their grades were assessed clinically using standardized reporting criteria. Pooled incidence and weighted relative risk estimates for diarrhea and colitis with 95% confidence intervals (cis) were estimated using a random effects model. The incidence of discontinuations for gi toxicity was also calculated. Results: Twenty-seven studies were included: sixteen studies with PD-1 inhibitors, nine studies with PD-L1 inhibitors, and four studies combining PD-based strategies with ctla-4 inhibitors. The incidence of all-grade diarrhea was 9.1% (95% ci: 7.8% to 10.5%) for anti–PD-1 therapy and 11.0% (95% ci: 7.5% to 14.5%) for anti–PD-L1 therapy. The incidence of all-grade colitis was 0.9% (95% ci: 0.4% to 1.3%) for anti–PD-1 therapy and 0.4% (95% ci: 0.0% to 0.8%) for anti–PD-L1 therapy. The relative risk for all-grade diarrhea was higher with combination anti–PD-1 and anti–ctla-4 than with anti–PD-1 monotherapy (relative risk: 1.61; 95% ci: 1.14 to 2.29). Anti–PD-1 therapy was discontinued in 4.1% of patients with diarrhea (95% ci: 0.7% to 7.4%) and in 35.7% of those with colitis (95% ci: 0.0% to 81.1%); combination therapy was discontinued in 10.1% of patients with diarrhea (95% ci: 4.8% to 15.4%) and in 39.9% of those with colitis (95% ci: 3.9% to 75.9%). Conclusions: Diarrhea is a relatively frequently encountered gi toxicity when ici therapy is used in lung cancer treatment. Colitis is less frequently encountered, although when it does occur, it often results in therapy discontinuation.
Quality of Life in a Real-World Study of Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Treated with Trifluridine/Tipiracil
Authors: Cheung W.Y. , Kavan P. , Dolley A.
Published: October 2020

Background: Quality of life (qol) is important for oncology patients, especially for those with late-stage disease. The present study was initiated to address the lack of published prospective data about the qol benefits of trifluridine/tipiracil (ftd/tpi) compared with best supportive care (bsc) in patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mcrc). Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional, non-interventional study used multidimensional validated scales to evaluate patient-reported qol in two study cohorts of patients and also to measure differences in mcrc-related symptoms and pain in a real-world clinical setting. Results: Our findings demonstrate that patients with refractory mcrc report better overall qol when treated with ftd/tpi than with bsc alone. In that population, statistically significant differences in mean qol measures favoured ftd/tpi over bsc for physical symptom distress, psychological distress, activity impairment, overall valuation of life, and symptomatology. The overall better qol for patients receiving ftd/tpi implies that treatment was well tolerated and was associated with a lower symptom burden. No significant differences for pain were observed between the groups. Conclusions: This study suggests that ftd/tpi is a well-tolerated option for the treatment of patients with refractory mcrc, showcasing the value of capturing real-world qol data in routine clinical practice.
Factors Influencing Survival in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension: a Review from Single Pulmonary Hypertension Center Registry Baseline Data
Authors: Gurevičienė Giedrė , Hoppenot Deimantė , Ereminienė Eglė , Miliauskas Skaidrius
Published: October 2020

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) – is a severe progressive disease leading to the right heart failure. The survival of these patients ranges from several months to several years. The aim of the study: to investigate factors influencing PH patient survival. Matherial and methods. Data from the medical charts from the Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno klinikos (Kauno klinikos) PH center were retrospectively analyzed and 59 cases of adult patients diagnosed with PH confirmed by right heart catheterization during the period 2010–2017 were included into the study (18 men and 41 women). The statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 20.0. P values of <0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance. Results. Mean patient age was 59 years. Mean of overall survival of all cases was 50 months and was higher for patients with N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) ≤1,500 ng/l, than for patients with NT-proBNP>1,500 ng/l. Risk of death was five times higher in patients with NT-proBNP>1,500 ng/l, comparing with the patients with NT-proBNP≤1,500 ng/l. The shortest survival was in PH associated with connective tissue disease group. The risk of death was lower in IPAH and Eisenmenger’s syndrome group, comparing with PH associated with connective tissue disease (CTD). Worse survival was associated with right ventricular (RV) enlargement and severity of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) at the baseline. Conclusions. According to our data, PH associated with CTD, higher baseline NT-proBNP concentration and severe RV enlargement as well as greater TR are associated with worse survival and higher risk of death in PH.
Idiopatine plaučių fibroze sergančių pacientų, 2016–2017 m. gydytų Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universiteto ligoninės Kauno klinikose, klinikinė analizė
Authors: Kondratavičienė Laima , Malakauskas Kęstutis
Published: October 2020

Tyrimo tikslas. Įvertinti sergančiųjų idiopatine plaučių fibroze (IPF) klinikinius duomenis ir gydymo priešfibroziniais vaistais veiksmingumą Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universiteto ligoninėje Kauno klinikose (toliau – Kauno klinikose). Metodika. Išanalizuoti 2016–2017 m. Kauno klinikų Pulmonologijos klinikoje stebėtų pacientų, sergančių IPF, duomenys. Iš medicininės dokumentacijos surinkti pacientų demografiniai duomenys, rizikos veiksniai, taikyti IPF diagnostikos metodai, plaučių funkcijos tyrimų rezultatai, skirtas gydymas. Pradiniai spirometrijos duomenys lyginti dinamikoje po 6 ir 12 mėn. Rezultatai. Į analizę įtraukti visi 25 nuo 2016 m. pradžios iki 2017 m. pabaigos klinikoje stebėti ir gydyti IPF sergantys pacientai: 10 moterų (40 proc.) ir 15 vyrų (60 proc.). Tiriamųjų amžiaus vidurkis – 66±11 metų. 13 pacientų (52 proc.) rūko arba rūkė anksčiau. 11 pacientų (44 proc.) IPF diagnozė nustatyta po plaučių audinio histopatologinio tyrimo, likusiems 14 pacientų (56 proc.) – didelės skiriamosios gebos kompiuterinės tomografijos duomenimis. Priešfibroziniais vaistais (nintedanibu arba pirfenidonu) gydyta 17 pacientų, penkiems pacientams šis gydymas neskirtas. Per stebėsenos laikotarpį dviem pacientams atliktos plaučių transplantacijos operacijos, vienas pacientas įtrauktas į plaučių transplantacijos laukiančiųjų sąrašą. Pacientams, kuriems skirtas priešfibrozinis gydymas, FVC (angl. Forced Vital Capacity, liet. forsuota gyvybinė plaučių talpa) 12 mėn. laikotarpiu nežymiai pakito (po 6 mėn. gydymo FVC vidutiniškai padidėjo 60 ml, po 12 mėn. – 30 ml). Pacientų, negydytų priešfibroziniais vaistais, FVC žymiai sumažėjo (po 6 mėn. FVC vidutiniškai sumažėjo 180 ml, po 12 mėn. – 410 ml). Dažniausiai užfiksuotas nintedanibo nepageidaujamas poveikis – viduriavimas (n = 6; 86 proc.), pykinimas ir vėmimas (n = 3; 43 proc.), pirfenidono – kepenų fermentų padidėjimas (n = 3; 30 proc.), pykinimas ir vėmimas (n = 3; 30 proc.). Per stebėsenos laikotarpį keturiems pacientams (16 proc.) užregistruotas IPF paūmėjimas. Išvados. 2016–2017 m. Kauno klinikų Pulmonologijos klinikoje stebėti arba gydyti 25 pacientai, sergantys IPF. 17 pacientų buvo skirtas gydymas priešfibroziniais vaistais, kuris stabilizavo plaučių funkciją. Priešfibroziniai vaistai pasižymėjo dažnu nepageidaujamu poveikiu, tačiau daugeliu atvejų jie nebuvo sunkūs.
Pacientų, gydomų stacionare dėl vaistams jautrios tuberkuliozės, žinių apie tuberkuliozę įvertinimas
Authors: Paškevičiūtė Rūta , Barkauskienė Diana
Published: October 2020

Tyrimo tikslas. Pasaulio sveikatos organizacijos (PSO) Europos regione Lietuva išlieka tarp pirmaujančių pagal užsikrėtusiųjų daugeliui vaistų atsparia tuberkulioze (DVA-TB) skaičių. Siekiant mažinti sergamumą tuberkulioze (TB), be kitų priemonių būtinas visuomenės žinių apie šią ligą gilinimas, todėl atsirado poreikis išsiaiškinti, kiek gyventojai žino apie TB bei veiksnius, lemiančius jų žinių kokybę. Tyrimo metodika. Vykdytas momentinis tyrimas, apklausos metu naudotas tyrimo autorių parengtas klausimynas. Apklausti 84 pacientai, gydyti Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universiteto ligoninės Kauno klinikų filiale Romainių TB ligoninėje. Rezultatai. Mažiausiai teisingų žinių apie TB turėjo vyresni nei 60 metų pacientai (p = 0,019) bei turintys tik pradinį išsilavinimą (p = 0,008). Kiti socialiniai ir demografiniai veiksniai reikšmingos įtakos žinių apie TB lygiui neturėjo. 57,6 proc. apklaustųjų netikėjo, jog TB yra visiškai išgydoma. Bendros respondentų žinios apie TB buvo vidutinio lygio arba nepakankamos. Išvados. Mokymai TB tema būtini ir turėtų būti orientuoti į rizikos grupes. Geriau informavus pacientus apie DVA-TB, galimai padidėtų pacientų sąmoningumas ir motyvacija nenutraukti gydymo.
Change in strength characteristics of glass composite valves at short-term exposure to temperature
Authors:   NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev JSC Research Center of Construction, Stepanova Valentina , Buchkin Andrey ,   NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev JSC Research Center of Construction, Kuznetsova Irina ,   NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev JSC Research Center of Construction, Ryabchenkova Vera ,   NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev JSC Research Center of Construction, Yurin Evgeny ,   NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev JSC Research Center of Construction
Published: October 2020

В статье приведены результаты испытаний стеклокомпозитной арматуры в условиях кратковременного воздействия повышенных и высоких температур. На основании полученных результатов испытаний и обобщения данных о влиянии повышенных температуры на изменение прочности АКП оценена возможность ее применения для армирования бетонных конструкций с позиции огнестойкости и пожарной безопасности.
Evaluation of methods for calculating reinforced concrete structural members for the fatigue limit state
Authors:   NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev JSC Research Center of Construction, Sharipov Ravil , Zenin Sergey ,   NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev JSC Research Center of Construction, Krylov Sergey ,   NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev JSC Research Center of Construction, Volkov Yuri ,   NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev JSC Research Center of Construction
Published: October 2020

В нормах по проектированию железобетонных конструкций зданий и сооружений (начиная с 1962 г. и по настоящее время) содержится методика расчета на выносливость, которая была составлена с учетом обобщения и анализа данных многочисленных экспериментально-теоретических исследований. Последующее использование данной методики в практике проектирования железобетонных конструкций показало, что при эксплуатации конструкций, рассчитанных с учетом требований по выносливости, разрушений не происходило. Вместе с тем, анализ показал отличие отечественной методики от подходов иностранных норм в части расчета по растянутой арматуре. Дальнейшие исследования показали некоторые неcовершенства нормативной методики расчета по растянутой арматуре (как ненапрягаемой, так и предварительно напряженной). С учетом данных проведенных расчет-но-теоретических исследований, а также в целях гармонизации с основными положениями расчета на усталость, принятого в нормах проектирования ряда ведущих стран, представляется полезным в расчете на усталость по растянутой арматуре наряду с максимальным напряжением в пределах цикла нагрузки учитывать и предельную амплитуду напряжений. В этой связи предполагается проведение актуализации существующей методики расчета на выносливость, которая будет дополнена новыми положениями расчета по растянутой арматуре. При актуализации методики наиболее правильным будет максимально учесть другие положения существующей методики. В частности, будет сохранен прежний подход к определению действующих напряжений в бетоне и арматуре, а также расчет на усталость по сжатому бетону.
Analysis of the test methods' standardization state for the basic characteristics of concrete
Authors:   NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev JSC Research Center of Construction, Korevitckaya Maria , Kuzevanov Dmitry ,   NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev JSC Research Center of Construction
Published: October 2020

Методы испытаний бетона являются основой для установления ключевых характеристик при проектировании бетонных и железобетонных конструкций и контроле их качества. Проводимая актуализация стандартов и нормативных документов в указан-ной области требует методичного анализа всей нормативной базы в этой области: имеет место определенное количество дублирований требований межгосударственных и национальных стандартов в сводах правил в части правил строительного контроля характеристик бетонов. В то же время существуют различия с международными стандартами в области методов испытаний бетона, в том числе неразрушающего контроля прочности, что затрудняет общую гармонизацию нормативно-технической базы в части проектирования и возведения бетонных и железобетонных конструкций. Зачастую отмечается наличие пробелов в национальной нормативной базе, например, на методы испытаний фибробетонов. В статье приводятся результаты проведенного мониторинга и анализ системы отечественных нормативных документов в области методов испытаний основных характеристик бетона. Формулируются приоритетные направления дальнейших исследований с целью развития методов испытаний и их стандартизации.
To the calculation of concrete structures with polymer composite reinforcement
Authors:   NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev JSC Research Center of Construction, Mukhamediyev Takhir
Published: October 2020

Рассмотрены вопросы расчета конструкций из бетона, армированных полимерной композитной арматурой. Представлены предложения по нормированию относительных деформаций в базовой точке двухлинейной диаграммы бетона при осевом растяжении, используемой для расчета железобетонных элементов по второй группе предельных состояний. Даны рекомендации по назначению коэффициента, учитывающего неупругие свойства бетона растянутой зоны сечения элементов при расчете момента образовании трещины. Представлены предложения по расчету переармированных конструкций таврового или двутаврового сечений с полкой в сжатой зоне и по подбору рабочей арматуры таких конструкций.
Application in construction the Russian standards, identical to the Europeans
Authors:   NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev JSC Research Center of Construction, Podmazova Svetlana , Sokolov Boris ,   NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev JSC Research Center of Construction, Glushkova Marina ,   NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev JSC Research Center of Construction, Dmitriev Nikita ,   NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev JSC Research Center of Construction
Published: October 2020

В статье представлен сравнительный анализ отечественных нормативных документов и европейских стандартов, содержащих технические требования и эксплуатационные характеристики бетонов и правила их изготовления. Установлены связи между техническими требованиями и возможностью прямого применения европейских стандартов в российской строительной индустрии. В процессе работы проводились исследования качественных характеристик бетона, полученных на основе применения европейских и отечественных методик. По результатам выполненного мониторинга нормативных документов и лабораторных исследований сделан вывод о необходимости выполнения работ по определению возможности взаимосвязи требований ГОСТ 31384-2017 «Защита бетонных и железобетонных конструкций от коррозии. Общие технические требования» по прочности, водонепроницаемости и морозостойкости с частью рекомендуемых технологических требований по предельным величинам, назначаемым при подборе состава бетона по ГОСТ Р 57345-2016/EN 206-1:2013 «Бетон. Общие технические условия».
The Emergence Of Religious Views Is Exemplified By The Southern Regions
Authors:   Lecturer Of Termez State University, Uzbekistan, Yusupovich Kushokov Safarali
Published: October 2020

According to ethnographic data, religious beliefs have been one of the main beliefs of the tribes, mainly engaged in hunting and herding. Later, as a result of the development of agriculture, the world of land and plants, their renewal, transformation and other properties of nature, the aspects necessary for man, led to the worship of them and led to the development of this condition.
Shaping Mathematical Thinking Skills In Primary Schools
Authors:   Lecturers Of Tashkent State Pedagogical University Named After Nizamiy, Uzbekistan, Komiljanovna Durdona Toshpulatova , Muhtarovich Turdali Sultonov ,   Lecturers Of Tashkent State Pedagogical University Named After Nizamiy, Uzbekistan
Published: October 2020

The arithmetic material forms the main content of the course. The core of the elementary course consists of arithmetic of natural numbers and basic quantities. In addition, the basic concepts of geometry and algebra are combined in this course.
The Effect Of The Russian Empire On The Political Life Of The Emirate Of Bukhara (1868-1917)
Authors:   Lecturer Of Termez State University, Uzbekistan, Uktamovna Yangiboeva Dilnoza
Published: October 2020

The article describes the influence of the Russian Empire on the socio-political life of the Emirate of Bukhara in the late XIX - early XX centuries during the reign of Mangit emirs Muzaffar (1860-1885), Abdulahad (1885-1910) and Alimkhan (1910-1920). There were many people who looked at this country, which has beautiful nature, fertile soil and rich in minerals. The Central Asian khanates, which were part of a constantly changing world, did not undergo renewal, despite their obsolescence. At the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, when the Emirate of Bukhara became politically and economically full of the policy of the Russian Empire and officially became its vassal, many historical events took place in its social life.
Some Aspects Of Contemporary Saudi Literature Development
Authors:   Tashkent State University Of Oriental Studies, Uzbekistan, Saidova Nargiza
Published: October 2020

This article is devoted to some aspects of the development of modern Saudi literature. The article describes the first attempt to create a prose genre, the development of the short story genre, and the changes that have occurred in modern Saudi literature in recent years.
Expansion Of Irrigation Networks Is A Priority For The Agricultural Sector (On The Example Of Fergana Region)
Authors:   Teacher At The Department Of Humanities Of Andizhan Institute Of Agriculture And Agrotechnology, Andizhan Region, Republic Of Uzbekistan, Akhmedova Umidakhon Maripjanovna
Published: October 2020

The article analyzes the current archive materials and scientific literature that the expansion of irrigation networks in Ferghana region is a priority for the agricultural sector.
Studying Stone Paintings: Tepakiyasoy Petroglifs
Authors:   Lecturer Of The Department Of History Of Uzbekistan And Source Studies, Termez State University, Uzbekistan, Goyibnazarovich Oynazarov Holiyor
Published: October 2020

By studying the Tepakiyasay petroglyphs, it is possible to enrich the scientific understanding and conclusions about the emergence and development of the first works of art in the territory of Uzbekistan. These stone paintings serve as an important source for studying the mythological and religious worldviews and imaginations of the ancient people who lived there.
On the issue of exhaustiveness of the inspection order
Authors: Kotenko Artem
Published: October 2020

Problem setting. The article, based on the analysis of the practice of the Supreme Court, considers the issue of the exhaustiveness of the order of the tax audit. Emphasis is placed on the erroneous practice of the Supreme Court, according to which a taxpayer who believes that the procedure and grounds for a tax audit have been violated must protect his rights and legitimate interests by not allowing officials of the controlling body to such an audit.
Target of research. The purpose of the article is to analyze the question of the exhaustiveness of the order of the tax audit.
Article’s main body. It is proved that the documentary on-site and actual inspection begins on the day specified in the specific date in the order. It is possible to carry out the control settlement operation before the beginning of carrying out check, but after acceptance of the order. The period of time between the date of issuance of the order and the date of the start of the inspection is not regulated. From the date of the start of the inspection specified in the order, the possibility of conducting a control settlement operation is not provided. Thus, an order is an individual act that is exhausted by its execution or is exhausted by the expiration of a certain period. At the same time, if the order is exhausted by execution, then we should talk about the implementation of the order to conduct an inspection. It is impossible to implement the order by application, as stated in the Resolution. If the inspection is not started on a specific date specified in the order as the start date of the inspection, the order expires after the expiration of the term and is not implemented.
Conclusions and prospects for the development. It is noted that the order to conduct an inspection determines the legality of its conduct. It is emphasized that the legal position of the Supreme Court, formed in the Resolution on case № 826/17123/18, in terms of the implementation of the order to conduct an inspection does not comply with the provisions of the Tax Code of Ukraine and the CAS of Ukraine.