bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of CSR activities on opinions of insurance service users when purchasing insurance
Authors: Slijepčević Milica , Popović-Šević Nevenka , Ašanin Gole , Ilić Milena
Published: September 2023

Corporate Social Responsibility implies a company's independent determination to direct its activities towards social welfare in the community in which it runs its business operations. Insurance companies, as institutional investors, contribute significantly to the development of the entire economy on one hand, while on the other, through socially responsible business, they support important projects for development of the entire community. In insurance sector, CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) is deemed a long-term investment, because a company makes voluntary contributions to support the community, thereby directly strengthening its position on the market. The paper presented opinions of five categories of insurance service users on CSR of insurance companies. Focus was on the extent to which insurance service users believed that insurance companies helped development of a local and wider community, whether they perceived their insurance company as a socially responsible company and whether they considered its socially responsible behaviour before choosing it. Results showed the necessity of promoting socially responsible activities of insurance companies in order to make the target group more aware of what their chosen insurance company actively undertook in the relevant field.
Influence of an emulsion coating on the corrosion resistance of hull plates made of mild steel in natural sea water
Authors: Santhi Thangaiyan , Krishnaveni Arjunan , Gnanasangeetha David , Kuppusamy Janani , Kuttipaiyan Sevvanthi , Duraisamy Kaniya , Elumalai Thulasi , Duraisamy Sarmina , Rajendran Dorothy , Sasilatha Thanappan , Rajendran Susai
Published: September 2023

The corrosion resistance of mild steel, used to make hull plates in ship technology, in sea water before paint coating [Nippon paint SUMO XTRA durable exterior emulsion coating (emulsion coating)] and after paint coating has been measured by electrochemical studies such as polarisation study and AC impedance spectra. It is observed that after paint coating, the corrosion resistance of mild steel hull plates increases. Polarization study reveals that after paint coating, the linear polarization resistance increases and corrosion current decrease. AC impedance spectra reveal that in the presence of paint coating charge transfer resistance value increases, impedance value increases, phase angle increases and double layer capacitance value decreases. The corrosion inhibition efficiency was greater than 99%. The hull plates made of mild steel may be coated with durable exterior emulsion coating (emulsion coating). This will control the corrosion of the hull plates in the sea water. There will be increase in the life time of the hull plates.
Comparison of 19-gauge conventional and Franseen needles for the diagnosis of lymphadenopathy and classification of malignant lymphoma using endoscopic ultrasound fine-needle aspiration
Authors: Okuno Mitsuru , Iwata Keisuke , Mukai Tsuyoshi , Kito Yusuke , Tanaka Takuji , Watanabe Naoki , Kasahara Senji , Iwasa Yuhei , Sugiyama Akihiko , Nishigaki Youichi , Shibata Yuhei , Kitagawa Junichi , Iwashita Takuji , Tomita Eiichi , Shimizu Masahito
Published: September 2023

Background/Aims: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) using a 19-gauge needle is an efficient sampling method for the diagnosis of lymphadenopathy. This study compared 19-gauge conventional and Franseen needles for the diagnosis of lymphadenopathy and classification of malignant lymphoma (ML).Methods: Patient characteristics, number of needle passes, puncture route, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of cytology/histology for lymphadenopathy were analyzed in patients diagnosed with lymphadenopathy by EUS-FNA using conventional or Franseen needles.Results: Between 2012 and 2022, 146 patients met the inclusion criteria (conventional [n=70] and Franseen [n=76]). The median number of needle passes was significantly lower in the conventional group than in the Franseen group (3 [1–6] vs. 4 [1–6], p=0.023). There were no significant differences in cytological/histological diagnoses between the two groups. For ML, the immunohistochemical evaluation rate, sensitivity of flow cytometry, and cytogenetic assessment were not significantly different in either group. Bleeding as adverse events (AEs) were observed in three patients in the Franseen group.Conclusions: Both the 19-gauge conventional and Franseen needles showed high accuracy in lymphadenopathy and ML classification. Considering sufficient tissue collection and the avoidance of AEs, the use of 19-gauge conventional needles seems to be a good option for the diagnosis of lymphadenopathy.
Ensayo de Inflamabilidad a Composite elaborado a partir de fibras y aglutinantes naturales
Authors: Batalla Rodríguez Ismael Eduardo , Molina Márquez George Javier
Published: September 2023

La investigación del ensayo es sobre la mescla experimental de las fibras y aglomerantes naturales, dicho componente es para ver la resistencia de material. Gran cantidad sobre los materiales basado en fibras naturales, limitadas a la fabricación que se ha llevado a cabo sobre la metodología o fabricación de los materiales estructurales así vemos de su resistencia a altas temperaturas y se determinara si es viable la utilización de estos aglutinantes en la vida cotidiana, estructurando pequeñas envergaduras cuya resistencia ya determinada con las pruebas realizadas de inflamabilidad para determinas si es inflamable. Tanto así que comprobaremos en el ensayo. La creación del ensayo de inflamabilidad sigue un enfoque metodológico mixto, recogiendo información cuantitativa y cualitativa ofrecida por otros autores que han escrito sobre temas relacionados. Como resultado, los resultados están determinados por las metas precisas que se han establecido. De acuerdo con la norma, el compuesto se crea utilizando fibras naturales que se han elegido específicamente para comportarse como fibras y un aglutinante natural. Las fibras elegidas fueron coco, aserrín, abacá y piña, y el aglutinante se elaboró ​​con un 45 % de harina de trigo, un 40 % de agua y un 15 % de vinagre blanco. Se pudo determinar que el compuesto elaborado a partir de fibras de coco, balsa y piña tiene la mejor composición después de elegir las fibras para el compuesto utilizando cuatro configuraciones diferentes entre las fibras además estas fibras son poco utilizadas en el ámbito de crear proyectos en la cual se utilicen.
THE PERCEPTION AND CONSUMER BEHAVIOR OF ORGANIC PRODUCTS IN SUPPORTING A SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Suminartika Eti , Deliana Yosini , Rochdiani Dini , Trimo Lucyana , Heryadi Yadi
Published: September 2023

Environmental problems must be addressed properly, one of which is by producing and consuming organic products. Although it is currently impossible to meet the demand of organic products in the world, it can at least reduce environmental problems. Consumer knowledge of a sustainable environment is seen from the knowledge of green products, Green Finance, Green Living, Green Transportation, Green Producers, Green Consumers, Green Communication , Green Institutions and Green Creativity. The purpose of this study is to see the perception and consumer behavior of organic products in supporting a sustainable environment. The study was conducted in June – October 2022 with 183 respondents using simple random sampling. The consumer criteria are consumers who often buy from these three organic commodities in daily shopping patterns and the data is analyzed with Multidimensioan Scalling (MDS). The results showed that consumer perceptions of sustainable environmental trends say that organic vegetables and chickens have similarities, then rice and organic vegetables. While rice and organic chicken have no similarities. Consumer behavior that is oriented towards being environmentally friendly is revealed that consumers in buying organic rice consider many factors including green products, green producers, green communication, and green institutions. As for organic chicken factor green consumer, and green creativity. Furthermore, for organic vegetables, only green finance. Thus, consumers in buying organic rice consider many factors compared to buying organic chicken and vegetables. This indicates that knowledge of sustainable environment still needs to be conveyed to the community considering that rice is a staple food in Indonesia and also other countries in the world.
El Impacto de la Enseñanza Ambiental en la Consciencia y Conducta Ecológica de Estudiantes de Educación Primaria
Authors: Fernández Carolina
Published: September 2023

Este artículo de revisión examinó la efectividad de la educación ambiental en la conciencia y el comportamiento ecológico de los estudiantes de nivel primario. Se seleccionaron 25 artículos de investigación publicados en Scopus, Scielo y Latindex en los últimos 5 años. Se encontró que la educación ambiental tiene un impacto positivo en la conciencia ambiental, las actitudes y el comportamiento de los estudiantes de nivel primario. La metodología utilizada en los estudios varió, pero la mayoría de ellos utilizó cuestionarios y encuestas para medir los resultados. Las limitaciones incluyen la falta de estudios longitudinales y la falta de estudios que evalúen la efectividad de diferentes métodos de educación ambiental. Se discuten las implicaciones prácticas de los hallazgos, incluyendo la necesidad de implementar programas de educación ambiental en el currículo escolar y la importancia de la capacitación de los educadores en la materia. Los desafíos futuros incluyen la necesidad de estudios longitudinales y la evaluación de diferentes métodos de educación ambiental. En resumen, la educación ambiental puede ser una herramienta efectiva para fomentar la conciencia y el comportamiento ecológico en los estudiantes de nivel primario.
Mechanical Properties of Concrete Contained Recycled PVC Additives
Authors: Dawood Abbas , Adnan Hamsa Mahir
Published: September 2023

This research is studied the possibility of reusing PVC pipes wastes as partial replacement of sand within concrete mixture. In this study, the fine aggregate is replaced with PVC at dosages 1.25%, 2.5%, 3.75% and 5% by weight of sand with superplasticizer (SP) admixture. The mechanical properties are evaluated, which included compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength, in which for each one, 60 specimens are tested for water to cement ratios 0.41 and 0.53. Also, the effect of these wastes on the strengths and serviceability of concrete beams are investigated by testing three simply supported reinforced concrete beams of dimensions 150×200×1400 mm.  It is concluded that w/c ratio of 41% of the replacement of fine aggregates with 1.25% PVC particles showed the optimum results for compressive, tensile and flexural strengths, namely 31.66 %, 6.45%, and 31.23%, respectively, more than control mixture. The beam specimen that contain on 1.25% of PVC particles showed an increase in ultimate load by about 6.06% compared to the reference beam. While the hybrid cross section beam showed a relatively small reduction in ultimate load compared to reference beam, i.e, 14.5%. Thus with hybrid sections considerable amount of plastic wastes could be recycled with relatively small reduction in ultimate capacity of beams.
The Estimation of Downstream Piping of a Dam (Case Study: Dewerige Dam- Iraq)
Authors: Resul Zahraa , Jassem Riaed S.
Published: September 2023

The study deals with the geotechnical and hydrological problems in Dewerige dam. It's a new hydraulic structure constructed on Dewerige river in the southeast of Misan governorate, which represents a multipurpose. The dam is used for flooding control, water storage for irrigation, and recharges groundwater. The current study aimed to study seepage quantity under a small concrete dam (weir). SEEP/W software has been used to solve a simulation model at steady stat to evaluate piping downstream (Toe) in saturated soil. Uplift pressure, seepage velocity, hydraulic gradient, and piping safety factor were calculated in SEEP/W. The model results explain that the piping safety factor was (1.7), Therefore, the dam is relatively safe against piping problems in flooding conditions.
Adherence to Road Safety Laws and Regulations in Tanzania: Case of Commercial Motorcycle Taxi Operators in Dar es Salaam
Authors: Luambano Hans , Lusohoka Zakeyo , Kimario Adela , Luwavi Eva , Rugemalira Julius
Published: September 2023

Commercial Motorcycle Taxis (CMTs) account for a significant number of road crashes and injuries in Tanzania. The fundamental question is whether commercial motorcycle operators in Tanzania adhere to the set road traffic rules and regulations. The present study explored the level of adherence of commercial motorcycle taxi operators in Dar es Salaam to road safety rules and regulations. The study involved 370 respondents who were motorcycle taxi operators from five (5) municipalities of the Dar es Salaam Region of Tanzania. Data for the study was collected using a structured questionnaire triangulated with in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with the help of SPSS (20 version) and presented in tabular form while the responses from the participants were raised in quotations. The study established a low level of adherence to rules and regulations governing commercial motorcycle taxis (CMTs) by the commercial motorcycle taxi operators in Dar es Salaam. This is partly due to low laws and regulations enforced by responsible authorities governing the operations of CMTs. Thus, most operators did not adhere to them. The study recommends strict enforcement of the rule and regulations that govern CMTs operations in Tanzania.
БАГАТОВЕКТОРНІСТЬ, МОБІЛЬНІСТЬ ТА ГНУЧКІСТЬ ЗМІСТУ Й ФОРМ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНО-ФАХОВОГО РІВНЯ КЕРІВНИКА ЗАКЛАДУ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Здрагат Світлана
Published: September 2023

У статті обґрунтовуються актуальні теоретичні та практичні засади формуванняорганізаційної моделі роботи з керівниками закладів освіти у системі післядипломної педагогічної освіті. Пропонується розглянути деякі практичні підходи до формування методичного змісту підвищення кваліфікації менеджера закладу освіти (з досвіду роботи).
An investigation into factors contributing to mortality of young terns at a managed colony
Authors: Bacco-Mannina Natassia , Acampora Heidi , Newton Stephen , O’Dwyer Katie
Published: September 2023

Terns are a highly migratory group of seabirds that are found worldwide. In Ireland, there are five species of commonly breeding tern: Little Tern Sternula albifrons, Roseate Tern Sterna dougallii, Arctic Tern S. paradisaea, Common Tern S. hirundo and Sandwich Tern S. sandvicensis. Prior work has demonstrated that whilst many Irish tern species, including Common and Roseate Terns, are increasing in abundance, the productivity of these species can be low. Multiple factors may influence the ability of adult terns to successfully raise chicks, including food availability, provisioning rates, colony density, dependence effects, and/or disease. Here, we investigated factors contributing to the mortality of young terns from Rockabill Island in the Republic of Ireland, which supports the largest breeding population of Roseate Terns in Europe. To better understand the factors contributing to the deaths of young birds, we analysed the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of necropsies of 60 young Common, Arctic and Roseate Terns. Of the carcasses that we examined, 41 showed congested blood circulation in the lungs and head simultaneously, and of the remaining 19 birds, only five presented a clear cause of death. Here, we outline descriptions of these carcasses in addition to recommendations of further investigations that might help to confirm the causal factors leading to young tern mortality.
Impacto positivo del COVID-19 en el ámbito educativo: Desarrollo de competencias digitales y oportunidades en la educación remota
Authors: Gutiérrez Vargas Lucía
Published: September 2023

La pandemia del COVID-19 ha tenido un profundo impacto en todos los aspectos de la vida humana, incluyendo el ámbito educativo. El cambio en el estilo de vida y la adopción de enfoques para enfrentar los desafíos nos lleva a explorar cómo esto ha influido en la educación tras más de dos años de implementación de herramientas digitales para brindar servicios educativos en distintos niveles y modalidades. Este estudio se propuso demostrar el impacto positivo que ha tenido la pandemia en el desarrollo de competencias digitales tanto para docentes como para estudiantes. Para lograr este objetivo, se llevó a cabo una revisión bibliográfica de trabajos de investigación realizados entre 2019 y 2022, así como la consulta de bases de datos bibliográficas relevantes sobre el tema, destacando las plataformas Elsevier (Mendeley) y EBSCOHost. Los hallazgos de la investigación demuestran una clara relación entre el impacto de la COVID-19 en el ámbito educativo y el uso de entornos virtuales o remotos. Se ha comprobado que esta situación ha impulsado el desarrollo de competencias digitales para optimizar el trabajo pedagógico a través de diversos medios digitales, facilitando el contacto entre estudiantes y docentes, así como el uso de herramientas virtuales que mejoran la experiencia de interacción en este entorno.
NETFLIX'S PROBLEMS WITH NET NEUTRALITY AND GATS PRINCIPLES WITH INDONESIAN NATIONAL REGULATIONS
Authors: Yosuadi Dolok
Published: September 2023

This research discusses the need for the application of strict regulations, especially for the Netflix Over The Top (OTT) service, as an Information Technology service run by telecommunication services with content in the form of data, information or multimedia that runs through the internet network, the services delivered are through the internet network. , infrastructure owned by the operator, but without any cooperation with the operator or the government in Indonesia. The presence of Netflix in Indonesia can be likened to a trader selling in a house without asking the owner for permission, because it does not respect state sovereignty by not taking care of licensing, and there is no protection for the user community. Regulations related to OTT services such as Netflix have not been explicitly regulated in existing laws in Indonesia, only in broad terms are regulated in regulations on telecommunications. The government should immediately issue regulations related to OTT services such as Netflix to ensure legal certainty and justice for parties in conducting business, especially in the telecommunications sector, according to Indonesia's international commitments and the state's commitment to protect the rights of all Indonesian citizens.
MARITAL PROPERTY IN INDONESIA
Authors: Akbar Wahyu , Kurniawan Rahmad
Published: September 2023

This study examines the position of marital assets in the law and customary law of the Dayak ngaju in the Indonesian legal system. Marital assets in the 1974 Marriage Law and KHI are legal products originating, one of them from Customary Law, which still leaves problems in its implementation. As a result, judges differ in decisions in settling marital assets in Indonesia. This paper applies a type of normative research. Besides that, it also uses the library research method, which examines the literature analyzed qualitatively using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach to Islamic Economic Law. The results of this study indicate that UUP marriage can be reviewed, one of which can be sourced from customary law, especially the institutionalized Dayak Ngaju. Marital assets should provide economic guarantees for women's and children's futures through the distribution of marital assets.
Amnesi i neuropsykologisk belysning
Authors: Willanger Rolf
Published: September 2023

Ophævet hukommelse (amnesi) har i den sidste halve snes år været analyseret med henblik på at studere om og hvordan hukommelseslagre er tilstede ved amnesi. Der er konstateret normal hukommelse på nogle områder, men denne er utilgængelig for personen selv. Resultaterne kaster nyt lys over videnssystemer og deres organisation og er frugtbare udgangspunkter til belysning af bevidsthed og dennes rolle i videnssystemerne.
Til ødipus-kompleksets problematik
Authors: Mey Jacob
Published: September 2023

En anmeldelse af Ole Andkjær Olsen: Ødipus-komplekset,Hans Reitzels Forlag, 1988; pris kr. 340.
Forældre uden opdragelse
Authors: Karpatschof Lone , Karpatschof Benny
Published: September 2023

Udgangspunktet for denne artikel er det praktiske arbejde som den ene af os ( Lone) til daglig er engageret i som forstander for et amtsligt familiecenter, der især beskæftiger sig med familier, hvis ofte omfattende problemer implicerer en mangelfuld omsorg og opdragelse af børnene. Eller rettere sagt dette er det ene udgangspunlå, for det andet udgangspunkt er teoretisk, nemlig spørgsmålet om sammenhængen mellem personlighedspsykologiske, sociale og pædagogiskeforhold, den sammenhæng som er søgt begrebsliggjort med metaforen: »Den sociale arv«. Det teoretiske spørgsmdl er: Hvordan kan vi forstå den slægthistoriske opretholdelse af socialt stigmatiserede problemfamilier generation efter generation gennem overførslen af forældrenes personlighedstræk til børnene via den transmissionsproces, som hedder omsorg og opdragelse? Det praktiske spørgsmdl er derimod: Hvordan kan forældrene gennem familiebehandling få hjælp til at bryde denne uheldsvangrekæde? Og grundenn til at vi vil behandle de to sæt af spørgsmdl i sammenhæng er at vi tror de begge vil have godt af det. Det praktiske arbejde forudsætter nemlig en teoretisk analyse- og forståelsesramme. Det teoretiske arbejde stiller på sin side krav til empiriske erfaringer som induktions- og afprøvningsmateriale.
Omgivelsernes faciliterende betydning
Authors: Hjulmand Knud
Published: September 2023

Der er en øget interesse for den britiske psykoanalytiker og pædiater D. W. Winnicott og hans bidrag til den såkaldte objektrelationsteori. Winnicott fremhæves i artiklen som efterkrigstidens mest originale nytænker i den psykodynamiske tradition, på linie med Klein, Bion og Lacan. Artiklen intenderer en introduktion til Winnicotts arbejde med en præsentation af hans originale begreber. Hovedvægten er lagt på en fremstilling af Winnicotts »teori« om barnets emotionelle udvikling i samspil med sine faciliterende omgivelser, især den vigtige periode hvor det lille barn i sin udvikling bevæger sig fra afhængighedaf moderens empatiske »holding« mod stadig større integration og uafhængighed. Det er i forbindelse med denne afgørende proces, Winnicott med begreberne om »overgangsfænomener« og »oovergangsobjekter« har beskrevet de grundlæggende aspekter ved menneskelig objektrelateren, som også er afgørende betydningsfulde for senere objektrelationer -herunder den terapeutiske relation. Foruden teoretiske bidrag fremstilles og vurderes også Winnicotts synspunkter påden terapeutiske proces og endelig søges Winnicott, hans arbejder og betydning relateret til hans personlige baggrwui og den psykoanalytiske bevægelses udvikling.
Kunsten: at være menneske
Authors: Karpatschof Benny
Published: September 2023

Artiklen beskæftiger sig med selve begrebet kunst, idet der først argumenteres mod en relativistisk afvisning af, at begrebet skullehave noget ensartet indhold. Der argumenteres imod såvel en kulturrelativistisk institutionsteori som en kommunikationsteoretiskoplevelsesrelativisme ud fra feltantropologisk og kunsthistorisk evidens. I stedet forsøges indkredset en kunstens antropologimed en positiv bestemmelse af kunstens universalitet, altså kunst som en antropologisk invariant. Denne bestemmelse er inspireret af Hegels begreber om modsigelse og ophævelse.
Den æstetiske oplevelse
Authors: Sode Funch Bjarne
Published: September 2023

Den æstetiske oplevelse er et af kunstpsykologiens centrale temaer. Nogle af forskningens senesteforsøg på at definere denæstetiske oplevelse fremstilles og tages som udgangspunkt for en differentieret fænomenologisk beskrivelse. Den æstetiske oplevelse som trancendentfænomen i forbindelse med billedkunst bestemmes som en oplevelse, der udmærker sig visuelt ved enenestdende og integreret formfuldendthed, hvis fremtræden er karakteriseret af usædvanlig klarhed og eksistentiel prægnans.Oplevelsens emotionelle aspekt overskrider kunstbetragterens almindelige følelsesregister ved at manifestere en nyfølelseskvalitet, som optræder sammen med en transcendent lystfølelse. Endelig bestemmes oplevelsensfokus som værendespirituelt reflektivt, hvilket betyder at betragterens personlighed indgår som en integreret del af perceptionsprocessen. Detkonkluderes, at den fænomenologiske beskrivelse af den æstetiske oplevelse vidner om et usædvanligt eksistentielt engagement.
PSYKODRAMA - Tanker omkring en bogudgivelse:
Authors: Krag Mette , Nissen Ellen
Published: September 2023

En anmeldelse af PSYKODRAMA - Om å spille hovedrollen i sitt eget livAf Eva RøineArtemis forlag, Oslo 1992.
Køn i formidlingsproces mellem kultur og individ. Nogle analytiske greb.
Authors: Søndergaard Dorte Marie
Published: September 2023

Artiklen bygger på socio-kulturel psykologisk tænkning og tager udgangspunkt i en forståelse af køn, der udpeger køn som etblandt mange strukturerende prinicipper i formidlingen mellem individ og kultur. Med dette teoretiske afsæt foreslås en rækkeanalytiske perspektiver og konkrete analytiske greb anvendt for arbejde med empirisk materiale, hvor køns kontekstspecifikkebetydning ønskes undersøgt. Eksempler hentes ind fra et konkret empirisk projekt om studenterlivsform og køn. Forskeren foreslåsat tænke i konstituenter, det vil sige at tænke i hvilke handleformer og forholdemåder, der fungerer konstituerende for en givensocial identitet, i.e. køn. Konstituerende træk kan samles til matricer eller til abstrakte figurer, og bevægeligheden i konstituenter,matricer og abstrakte figurer diskuteres gennem et begreb omforhandling. Endeligforeslås det forskeren at arbejde medanalysen af kulturelle koder, som et greb til at fange de strukturerende principper indenfor varierende kulturelle felter ellertematikker. Med disse analytiske greb og perspektiver er det intentionen også i empirisk arbejde at fastholde forståelsen afkøn som et betydnings- og handlingsstrukturerende princip mellem mennesker - og undgå tænkningen i køn som personligegenskab lokaliseret i enkeltindivider.
Blant hester og gorillaer i skolegården: utvikling i en kjønnet kultur
Authors: Gulbrandsen Liv Mette
Published: September 2023

Artikkelen bygger på en empirisk undersøkelse der 25 norske 8-9 åringer er intervjuet flere ganger over en periode på halvannetår. En kvalitativ intervjuform er benyttet for å få informasjon om barnas aktiviteter og relasjoner, konkretisert gjennom hvasom hendte »i går«. Et kulturpsykologisk utviklingsperspektiv legges til grunnfor analyser av kjønnete, kulturelle kodesystemerslik disse kommer til uttrykk i ung enes beretninger fra klasse rom og skolegård. Jenters og gutters utvikling betraktes som en aktivintegrering i etablerte systemer av meningssammenhenger, hvilket også omfatter kompetanse som er nødvendig for å forhandlekulturelle koder. Kjønnete handlingskoder synes å være mer bevegelige enn relasjonelle koder som bl.a. pålegger jentersosialt ansvar for forholdet mellom jenter og gutter. Artikkelen avsluttes med en diskusjon av henholdsvis kjønnete handlingskoderog relasjonelle koders tilgjengelighetfor analyse og forhandlinger i vår kultur.
Adskilt i forbundethed
Authors: Fog Jette
Published: September 2023

Artiklen handler om forholdet meUem terapeut og person i den terapeutiske proces, nærmere betegnet om det bestemte spændingsforhold, som eksisterer meUem symmetri og asymmetri i forholdet mellem de to mennesker. Abstrakt set deler det terapeutiske forhold forudsætninger med andre mellemmenneskelige forhold, mens det samtidig har træk, der er særegne for det. Dette undersøges gennem en blotlæggelse af det paradoks, som ligger i »be-handling«: Det er nødvendigt, at terapeuten er der. Uden er det indtil nu ikke gået. Og det er nødvendigt, at personen vil terapien, og nødendigt, at han gør arbejdet selv. Den bestemte ensidighed, som er i arbejdet, og som består i, at handlingens sted er hos klienten, og kun der, beskrives. I sidste ende ses paradokset som udsprunget af det alment psykologiske forhold, at vi lever vores liv, udviklet fra bestemte, og i forskelligegrader fælles, praksisformer. Vi lever adskilt og forbundet. Endelig berøres kort, hvad man ud fra dette perspektiv skal forstå ved ansvarlighed, hos personen og hos teraputen.
Challenges and Prospects for Dialogue between Europe and Latin America in Higher Education: Towards a System of Global Interuniversity Cooperation
Authors: Grishina Natalia , Kargovskaia Elena , Kuznetsova Viktoriia
Published: September 2023

The article analyzes the challenges and prospects for cooperation between Europe and Latin America in the field of higher education. The aim of the paper is to identify the potential for interregional dialogue in the context of globalization. The methodology used is a comparative analysis of higher education systems in Europe and Latin America. As a result, it is shown that despite the Europeanization of Latin American education, there are still significant differences that need to be taken into account when transferring European experience. The priorities for further interaction – creation of a common educational space and scientific-innovative networks - are outlined. The results can be useful for developing a strategy of internationalization of education. The novelty lies in the systematic comparison of approaches to the modernization of higher education in the two regions. The conclusion is made about the need for effective coordination and search for optimal formats of dialogue between Europe and Latin America for the formation of a global educational space.
Evolution of a Functionally Intact but Antigenically Distinct DENV Fusion Loop
Authors: Meganck Rita M. , Zhu Deanna , Dong Stephanie , Snoderly-Foster Lisa J. , Dalben Yago R. , Thiono Devina , White Laura J. , DeSilva Aravinda M. , Baric Ralph S. , Tse Longping V.
Published: September 2023

A hallmark of Dengue virus (DENV) pathogenesis is the potential for antibody-dependent enhancement, which is associated with deadly DENV secondary infection, complicates the identification of correlates of protection, and negatively impacts the safety and efficacy of DENV vaccines. ADE is linked to antibodies targeting the fusion loop (FL) motif of the envelope protein, which is completely conserved in mosquito-borne flaviviruses and required for viral entry and fusion. In the current study, we utilized saturation mutagenesis and directed evolution to engineer a functional variant with a mutated FL (D2-FL) which is not neutralized by FL-targeting monoclonal antibodies. The FL mutations were combined with our previously evolved prM cleavage site to create a mature version of D2-FL (D2-FLM), which evades both prM- and FL-Abs but retains sensitivity to other type-specific and quaternary cross-reactive (CR) Abs. CR serum from heterotypic (DENV4) infected non-human primates (NHP) showed lower neutralization titers against D2-FL and D2-FLM than isogenic wildtype DENV2 while similar neutralization titers were observed in serum from homotypic (DENV2) infected NHP. We propose D2-FL and D2-FLM as valuable tools to delineate CR Ab subtypes in serum as well as an exciting platform for safer live attenuated DENV vaccines suitable for naïve individuals and children.
Fungal–bacteria interactions provide shelter for bacteria in Caesarean section scar diverticulum
Authors: Chen Peigen , Chen Haicheng , Liu Ziyu , Pan Xinyi , Liu Qianru , Yang Xing
Published: September 2023

Caesarean section scar diverticulum (CSD) is a significant cause of infertility among women who have previously had a Caesarean section, primarily due to persistent inflammatory exudation associated with this condition. Even though abnormal bacterial composition is identified as a critical factor leading to this chronic inflammation, clinical data suggest that a long-term cure is often unattainable with antibiotic treatment alone. In our study, we employed metagenomic analysis and mass spectrometry techniques to investigate the fungal composition in CSD and its interaction with bacteria. We discovered that local fungal abnormalities in CSD can disrupt the stability of the bacterial population and the entire microbial community by altering bacterial abundance via specific metabolites. For instance, Lachnellula suecica reduces the abundance of several Lactobacillus spp., such as Lactobacillus jensenii, by diminishing the production of metabolites like Goyaglycoside A and Janthitrem E. Concurrently, Clavispora lusitaniae and Ophiocordyceps australis can synergistically impact the abundance of Lactobacillus spp. by modulating metabolite abundance. Our findings underscore that abnormal fungal composition and activity are key drivers of local bacterial dysbiosis in CSD.
Fungal-bacteria interactions provide shelter for bacteria in Caesarean section scar diverticulum
Authors: Chen Peigen , Chen Haicheng , Liu Ziyu , Pan Xinyi , Liu Qianru , Yang Xing
Published: September 2023

Caesarean section scar diverticulum (CSD) is a significant cause of infertility among women who have previously had a Caesarean section, primarily due to persistent inflammatory exudation associated with this condition. Even though abnormal bacterial composition is identified as a critical factor leading to this chronic inflammation, clinical data suggests that a long-term cure is often unattainable with antibiotic treatment alone. In our study, we employed metagenomic analysis and mass spectrometry techniques to investigate the fungal composition in CSD and its interaction with bacteria. We discovered that local fungal abnormalities in CSD can disrupt the stability of the bacterial population and the entire microbial community by altering bacterial abundance via specific metabolites. For instance,
Lachnellula suecica
reduces the abundance of several
Lactobacillus spp
., such as
Lactobacillus jensenii
, by diminishing the production of metabolites like
Goyaglycoside A
and
Janthitrem E
. Concurrently,
Clavispora lusitaniae
and
Ophiocordyceps australis
can synergistically impact the abundance of
Lactobacillus spp
. by modulating metabolite abundance. Our findings underscore that abnormal fungal composition and activity are key drivers of local bacterial dysbiosis in CSD.
Optimal Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and Potassium-competitive Acid Blockers
Authors: Park Jong Kyu
Published: September 2023

A variety of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have been developed in Korea since the introduction of omeprazole (the first PPI) in 1989. PPIs have served as the basic therapeutic approach for the management of gastric acid-related diseases for 30 years and remain among the most widely used drugs. Recently, potassium-competitive acid blockers (PCABs) have been developed both in Korea and abroad, demonstrating superior or non-inferior effects compared to existing PPIs in treating gastroesophageal reflux disease or Helicobacter pylori eradication, among others. Indications vary based on the various types and dosages of PPIs and PCABs, and several factors, including patients’ underlying disease, safety profile, particularly with regard to drug-drug interactions, and types of formulations of PPIs and PCABs need to be considered prior to prescribing these medications. In this article, we discuss the criteria for reimbursement of various PPIs and PCABs in Korea, along with considerations for prescribing these drugs based on patients’ underlying diseases.
History and Pharmacological Mechanism of Gastric Acid-suppressive Drugs
Authors: Yeom Dong Han , Kim Yong Sung
Published: September 2023

Gastric acid-related disorders are commonly encountered in clinical practice. Acetylcholine, gastrin, and histamine are physiological agonists that stimulate acid secretion from parietal cells. Histamine plays a decisive role in the transformation of parietal cells into acid-secreting forms. The H+, K+- ATPase proton pump, which represents the final step of acid secretion, translocates from cytoplasmic tubulovesicles to secretory canaliculi upon parietal cell stimulation and facilitates exchange of intracellular H+ with extracellular K+ in a 1:1 ratio. Histamine-2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used in clinical practice, and potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs) have gained attention in recent times. P-CABs address the unmet needs of patients who receive conventional PPIs and have broadened the spectrum of drug choices; however, further research is warranted to confirm long-term safety of these drugs. Comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of actions, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, and the adverse effect profile is essential for appropriate prescription of gastric acid-suppressive drugs. In this review, we provide a developing history and outline the pharmacological mechanisms underlying various gastric acid-suppressive drugs used in clinical settings.
Potassium-competitive Acid Blockers: A New Therapeutic Strategy for Helicobacter pylori Eradication
Authors: Ahn Byeong Yun , Cho Soo-Jeong
Published: September 2023

The escalating prevalence of clarithromycin resistance in cases of Helicobacter pylori, insufficient acid suppression, and pharmacodynamic variations secondary to inter-individual differences in CYP2C19 polymorphism collectively contribute to suboptimal eradication rates observed with proton pump inhibitor (PPI)-based therapy. Compared with PPIs, potassium-competitive acid blockers (PCABs) produce rapid, potent, and long-lasting suppression of gastric acid through reversible inhibition of gastric H+, K+-ATPase. PCAB-based therapy results in significant inhibition of acid secretion and has therefore emerged as a novel and effective approach for H. pylori eradication. In this study, we review the efficacy and safety profile of PCAB-based eradication regimens comprising vonoprazan, tegoprazan, and fexuprazan.
Role of Potassium-competitive Acid Blockers in the Treatment of Gastric Acid-related Disorders
Authors: Cho Mun Young , Cho Yu Kyung
Published: September 2023

Owing to their superior pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles, potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs) score over proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in the treatment of gastric acid-related disorders and may provide clinical benefit in the management of these conditions. Previous studies have compared P-CABs with PPIs for treatment of gastric acid-related disorders, and current data show that P-CABs are non-inferior to PPIs in the treatment of erosive esophagitis and as maintenance therapy. P-CABs are useful for effective healing and as maintenance medications in patients with severe esophagitis. These drugs also aid with healing of peptic ulcers and artificial ulcers secondary to gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Few studies have discussed prevention of delayed ulcer bleeding after gastric ESD and ulcers associated with long-term nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug administration. Well-controlled, large-scale prospective studies are warranted in future to compare P-CABs with PPIs.
Absence of enterotypes in the human gut microbiomes reanalyzed with non-linear dimensionality reduction methods
Authors: Bulygin Ivan , Shatov Vladislav , Rykachevskiy Anton , Raiko Arsenii , Bernstein Alexander , Burnaev Evgeny , Gelfand Mikhail S.
Published: September 2023

Enterotypes of the human gut microbiome have been proposed to be a powerful prognostic tool to evaluate the correlation between lifestyle, nutrition, and disease. However, the number of enterotypes suggested in the literature ranged from two to four. The growth of available metagenome data and the use of exact, non-linear methods of data analysis challenges the very concept of clusters in the multidimensional space of bacterial microbiomes. Using several published human gut microbiome datasets of variable 16S rRNA regions, we demonstrate the presence of a lower-dimensional structure in the microbiome space, with high-dimensional data concentrated near a low-dimensional non-linear submanifold, but the absence of distinct and stable clusters that could represent enterotypes. This observation is robust with regard to diverse combinations of dimensionality reduction techniques and clustering algorithms.
An Application of K-Nearest-Neighbor Regression in Maize Yield Prediction
Authors: Sitienei Miriam , Otieno Argwings , Anapapa Ayubu
Published: September 2023

Predictive analytics utilizes historical data and knowledge to predict future outcomes and provides a method for evaluating the accuracy and reliability of these forecasts. Artificial Intelligence is a tool of predictive analytics.  AI trains computers to learn human behaviors like learning, judgment, and decision-making while simulating intelligent human behavior using computers and has received a lot of attention in almost all areas of research. Machine learning is a branch of Artificial Intelligence that has been used to solve classification and regression problems. Machine learning advancements have aided in boosting agricultural gains. Yield prediction is one of the agricultural sectors that has embraced machine learning. K Nearest Neighbor (KNN) Regression is a regression algorithm used in machine learning for prediction tasks. KNN Regression is like KNN Classification, except that KNN Regression predicts a constant output value for a given input instead of predicting a class label. The basic idea behind KNN Regression is to find the K nearest neighbors to a given input data point based on a distance metric and then use the average (or weighted average) of the output values of these K neighbors as the predicted output for the input data point. The distance metric used in KNN Regression can vary depending on the data type being analyzed, but common distance metrics include Euclidean distance, Manhattan distance, and Minkowski distance. This paper presents the application of KNN regression in maize yield prediction in Uasin Gishu county, in north rift region of Kenya. Questionnaires were distributed to 900 randomly selected maize farmers across the thirty wards to obtain primary data. With a Train Test split ration of 80:20, KNN regression algorithm was able to predict maize yield and its prediction performance was evaluated using Root Mean Squared error-RMSE=0.4948, Mean Squared Error-MSE =0.2803, Mean Absolute Error-MAE = 0.4591 and Mean Absolute Percentage Error-MAPE = 36.17. According to the study findings, the algorithm was able to predict maize yield in the maize producing county.
Spending on and Use of Clinician-Administered Drugs in Medicare
Authors: Hyland Megan F. , Sachs Rebecca M. , Robillard Lara , Hayford Tamara B. , Bai Ge
Published: September 2023

Importance

Medicare Part B drug expenditures have increased in recent years. This trend is likely to persist given the increased use and availability of biologics.

Objectives

To assess the extent to which Medicare Part B spending growth was associated with changes in price vs quantity, and how these trends interacted with entry of new drugs into the marketplace.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cross-sectional study quantified the degree of spending concentration and the association between price and use of Part B drugs among fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries. Data on use and spending for separately payable Part B drugs were included. Source data were aggregated to the drug-year level and reported from 2016 to 2020. Descriptive decomposition and index analyses quantified the relative association of price and use changes separately for existing single-source drugs, existing drugs that faced competition, and new drugs that entered the market. Data analysis was performed from June to December 2022.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Part B drug spending by the fee-for-service Medicare program and beneficiaries, as well as use, defined as dosage units and beneficiaries using the drugs.

Results

The study included 535 unique Part B drug products. From 2016 to 2020, 15 or fewer products comprised half of all Part B drug expenditures. The set of 7 drugs that comprised the top 25% of spending was very consistent over time, and all were biologics. Part B drug products that cost $1.85 or less per administration accounted for more than half of the doses administered in 2020. Spending on Part B drugs increased by $15 billion from 2016 to 2020. The entry of new, nonbiosimilar drugs during this period accounted for $12 billion of this increased spending (80%), while shifts in use and price increases among existing single-source brand drugs accounted for the remaining increase in spending. Part B spending decreased among the subset of existing drugs facing generic or biosimilar competition. Among single-source drugs on the market in 2016, the index that varied dosage units exceeded the index that varied price in all years, confirming that changes in use were associated more with spending growth for those drugs.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cross-sectional study of Medicare Part B drug expenditures, spending was found to be concentrated among a small number of drugs. The entry of new products was a key factor associated with recent increases in Part B drug spending. These findings suggest that policies targeting top-selling drugs may have greater potential to curb Part B drug spending than those targeting price growth.
3D Printing of Liquid‐Metal‐in‐Ceramic Metamaterials for High‐Efficient Microwave Absorption
Authors: Xing Ruizhe , Xu Guoxuan , Qu Ning , Zhou Rui , Yang Jiayi , Kong Jie
Published: September 2023

This work reports a gallium indium alloy (EGaIn)‐doped SiBOC ceramic that possesses a unique liquid‐metal‐in‐ceramic feature. The low‐viscosity liquid nature of gallium‐based liquid metals (Ga‐LMs) and the reactive core‐shell structure provide possibilities for phase engineering inside polymer‐derived ceramics. As a demonstration, EGaIn nanoparticles (NPs) are directly mixed with a UV‐curable ceramic precursor (UV‐PBS) to obtain a resin suitable for digital light processing 3D‐printing. After pyrolysis at 800–1200 °C, SiBOC ceramics with uniformly distributed EGaIn NP domains (Si(GaIn)BOC) are obtained. EGaIn plays a key role in promoting carbonization and preventing crack formation during the polymer‐to‐ceramic process, resulting in an increase in both ceramic yield and mechanical strength. EGaIn NPs are also found to have a core‐shell structure (EGaIn@(GaxIn1‐x)2O3@SiBOC) inside the SiBOC matrix, which significantly enhances the dielectric properties and improves the interfacial polarization. As a result, an excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance is achieved across the C, X, and Ku bands, respectively. Through rational design, a novel metastructure design based on the Schwarz P minimal surface is proposed, which exhibits an ultrawide effective absorption band extending up to 11.36 GHz (within C‐Ku bands).