bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gestão tecnológica na empresa estatal
Authors: Júnior Roberto Gregório da Silva
Published: November 2020

Ciência e Tecnologia (C&T) cada vez mais se tomam indispensáveis ao desenvolvimento de um país. Tal situação pode ser exemplificada ela evidência de que o crescimento econômico gerado pela industrialização tem na tecnologia uma de suas bases principais. Os países industrializados, segundo algumas estimativas, detêm cerca de 90% das instalações industriais e das destinadas à capacitação em C&T, representando para os países não totalmente industrializados, inclusive o Brasil, uma dependência tecnológica de vários significados, entre os quais, baixa produtividade, problemas nos balanços de pagamentos, desnacionalização da estrutura industrial, precária utilização da capacitação tecnológica existente, dependência de indústrias  extrativas e também a impossibilidade de aproveitar, de modo efetivo, os conhecimentos e experiências alheias, face ao vertiginoso aumento do  progresso tecnológico.
BASA, experiência de racionalização
Authors: Gomes Carlos Thadeu de Freitas
Published: November 2020

O volume de operações mal realizadas no passado, a baixa capacidade de captaçãode recursos e o impacto do Plano Cruzado em suas receitas conduziram o Banco da Amazónia à maior crise de sua história, que culminou, ao final do 1? semestre de 1986, com o déficit operacional de Cz$ 377,4 milhões, o mais alto dentre as instituições financeiras oficiais.
Na Espanha, existe relação de confiança
Authors: Fernandez Xavier Garcia
Published: November 2020

Estou aqui para falar da experiência constitucional espanhola, experiência muito recente, que não tem dez anos de concreto, no que se refere à relação Executivo/ Legislativo. Não vou me referir aos aspectos mais importantes dessa evolução, porque tenho observado na apresentação deste seminário que estão suficientemente informados. Logo, não vou me referir mais que a alguns pontos que são os que caracterizariam o regime parlamentar na Espanha.
Centro-Sul Garante o Próximo Presidente
Authors: Lafer Celso
Published: November 2020

A reflexão que hoje fazemos sobre o parlamentarismo e o presidencialismo se insere, evidentemente, no contexto político em que atualmente nos encontramos, e diz respeito às grandes direções que pretendemos imprimir ao nosso país nesse momento de definição dos rumos constitucionais. O direito público, em geral, e o direito constitucional, em particular, trata de um conjunto de regras que repassam incompetência e permitem o exercício do poder.
Lucena Pediu Uma Nova Organização Política
Authors: Enap RSP
Published: November 2020

O Senador Humberto Lucena, Presidente do Congresso Nacional e do Senado Federal, fez a abertura solene do 2? Dia dos debates do Seminário Internacional, apresentando os conferencistas principais e moderando os debates. Anfitrião do Seminário, realizado no Auditório Petrônio Portella do Senado, Lucena destacou a necessidade premente de a  Assembléia Nacional Constituinte prover uma nova organização do poder político- dministrativo para o País.
EUA não está longe de um parlamentarismo
Authors: Young James
Published: November 2020

Há duzentos anos atrás, nesta época do ano, delegados dos novos Estados Unidos estavam se preparando para partirem à Philadelphia Para escrever uma nova Constituição. A tarefa deles não era fácil. A nova Nação tinha pouco mais de dez anos. Após a Revolução Americana estava em crise de regime, a autoridade do governo central estava sendo desrespeitada, os Estados que lutaram juntos pela independência estavam se desagregando, estavam formando exércitos, falava-se em guerras entre os Estados, e as contendas comerciais prosseguiam. Os delegados levaram três meses para escrever a nova constituição e um pouco mais do que isso para convencer os Estados a ratificá-la.
Parlamentarismo não Resolve Nossa Crise
Authors: Richa José
Published: November 2020

Naturalmente, dentre os debatedores, o Senador Jarbas Passarinho, erudito, leva uma vantagem muito grande. Eu não tenho a sua erudição , mas aceitei vir aqui debater porque considero, ao longo desses anos, ter acumulado alguma experiência prática. Teoricamente não entendo quase nada do assunto, mas tenho uma vivência praticamente muito grande, que me permite fazer uma análise política da questão que se Coloca neste seminário para o debate. E confesso que eu tenho uma grande simpatia pelo sistema parlamentarista de governo. Eu acho que o parlamentarismo permite que o poder seja compartilhado e, portanto, não exercido de forma absoluta por ninguém.
Risco de duplificação da burocracia existe
Authors: Thayssen Uwe
Published: November 2020

Quando aqui cheguei, parti do princípio que teria que relatar sobre um sistema político, ou seja, sobre o sistema político da República Federal da Alemanha. Quanto mais assistia às conferências e debates, tanto mais aprendia sobre seus problemas aqui no Brasil, e mais me convencia de que deveria relatar sobre dois sistemas, a saber, sobre o sistema da República de Weimar e sobre o da República Federal da Alemanha. Este último não poderia ser entendido sem os erros da República de Weimar e porque, no Brasil, exatamente este problema tem um importante papel, ou seja, o que diz respeito a quantas competências e direitos deve ter o Presidente e quantas competências e direitos deve ter o Parlamento. Neste ponto, exatamente aqui, os criadores da Constituição de 1949 muito tiveram que aprender da História da República de Weimar. Irei abordar, portanto, dois sistemas políticos, como dito, o da República de Weimar, de 1919 até 1933, e o da República Federal da Alemanha, de 1949 até hoje. Inicialmente, gostaria de dizer o que pretendo também mencionar aqui. Penso que lhes devo uma definição do que eu, no decorrer da conferência, quero entender com o conceito de regime governamental parlamentarista e presidencialista.
Presidencialismo é a história do compadrio
Authors: Fogaça José
Published: November 2020

“No pouco tempo que devo utilizar para fazer a minha explanação, pretendo, a n te s de mais nada saudá-los pela iniciativa magnífica desse que é um dos mais operosos ativos e dignos ministros brasileiros, querido Ministro Aluízio Alves. Porque esta é uma iniciativa que está de acordo com o momento político que estamos vivendo hoje no país. Com muita dignidade o Presidente da República declarou, na televisão, que ele, o Dr. José Sarney, enquanto cidadão, era favorável ao presidencialismo com um Congresso forte. Mas o fez, e isto foi clarificado de forma cabal, na condição de cidadão. No dia seguinte pela manhã, o Ministro Aluízio Alves, num canal de televisão se declarava favorável ao parlamentarismo.
Como Organizar um Sistema Eficiente
Authors: Castro Andresa de Moraes e
Published: November 2020

Este Sistema foi concebido como instrumento de informação, objetivando dotar a Administração Pública de meios adequados ao desempenho das atividades decorrentes de suas funções, através da administração documental, visando à economicidade e a eficácia dos procedimentos do apoio à tomada de decisões. A ausência de normas, fluxos e procedimentos técnicos reguladores da Administração de Arquivos gera uma série de dificuldades de ordem técnico-administrativa a saber:— dificuldades na recuperação de documentos;— irracionalidade na tramitação de documentos;— morosidade na disseminação da informação— desconhecimento quanto à localização da informação— possibilidade de extravio de documentos;— destinação incorreta dos documentos;— proliferação indiscriminada de papéis.O presente trabalho é uma proposta para minimizar tais disfunções, através da implantação do Sistema de Arquivos e Controle de Documentos — SIARq.
A Garantia dos Direitos Sociais na Constituição
Authors: Farias Oswaldo Henrique Pinto de
Published: November 2020

O ano de 1948 foi, sem dúvida, um marco para as conquistas no campo do Direito Internacional. Nele foi adotada pela Assembléia- Geral das Nações Unidas (ONU), a “Declaração Universal dos Direitos do Homem”, na qual têm sido inspiradas as modernas constituições. Particularmente no capítulo dos direitos sociais, foram editados textos da maior importância para o progresso do Direito Constitucional. Ao abordar esse tema — os direitos sociais na Constituição — o presente artigo objetiva subsidiar a confecção da futura Carta Magna brasileira, que ora vem se processando através da Constituinte.
Participação e planejamento: arranjo preliminar
Authors: Demo Pedro
Published: November 2020

Intenciona este trabalho construir sugestões de atuação do Estado no planejamento, de tal modo a possibilitar o que se tem chamado de "planejamento participativo" , ou a  "participação", de modo geral.
The Role of Bahraini Law on Online Copyright Infringement
Authors: Alawsi Dr Husham
Published: November 2020

The main aim of this research paper is to look at the role of Bahraini law in copyright infringement. In Bahrain, many commercially pirated audio and video markets have been eliminated through various laws. However, video, software and audio piracy by end-users is still a huge problem. A copyright infringement is considered to be a violation of an organization or individual’s copyright. It describes the copyrighted material’s unauthorized use, such as images, text, videos, software, music and other original content. Copyright infringements have been formally addressed through various copyrights law in Bahrain, but there are some glaring omissions as well. No other protect has been attacked more than computer hardware and software in Bahrain, copying of computer software is “out of control” in Bahrain. Many companies have been accused of using illegal copies of Microsoft computer software products. The study argues that country might have a beautifully tidy and coherent law, but it might not be followed. The mechanisms of criminal and civil enforcement, and the working of patent and trademark offices and of the judicial system itself, are essential to the enforcement of copyright laws in practice. The absence of governmental interference helps Bahraini software pirates to work at will. The study concludes while contended that there should be a law with regard to compulsory licensing since this compulsory licensing would be required by the companies to transfer data to a domestic partner. Furthermore, stricter enforcement of copyright laws is essential because they would help prevent copyright infringements in Bahrain.
Testing for Causality between Oil Prices and Money Supply in Saudi Arabia (Note 1)
Authors: Rasasi, PhD Moayad Al , Qualls, PhD John H. , Almutairi Sultan
Published: November 2020

The impact of oil price shocks on a country’s economy has been well studied in the economic literature. However, until now, articles analyzing the impact of these shocks on the Saudi Arabian economy have been relatively sparse. This paper attempts to shed some light on this important topic by examining the causal relationship between oil prices and an important monetary variable, the M3 (broad-based) money supply. Monthly data going back to 1982 were used in this study, which employs unit root tests and Granger causality analysis to test whether there is a causal relationship or not. No discernable causality relationship was found; this lack of such link leads the authors to conclude that this may be due to the prudent and stable fiscal and monetary policy on the part of the Kingdom’s government and its central bank, the Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority (SAMA).
MOLECULAR DOCKING ANALYSIS OF NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE RECEPTOR-C TOWARDS THE DESIGN OF POTENTIAL ATRIAL FIBRILLATION INHIBITORS
Authors: Dev Shubhda
Published: November 2020

Atrial fibrillation (AF) stands the most widely recognized kind of clinical arrhythmia. Right now accessible anti-Atrial Fibrillation drugs are restricted by just moderate adequacy and an unfavorable safety profile. There is a perceived requirement for enhanced antiarrhythmic agents including activities that are specific for the fibrillating atrium. Therefore, it is of interest to design an appropriate medication for the disease Atrial Fibrillation using Molecular Docking techniques through protein-ligand interaction analysis. Hence, we document the Molecular docking analysis of natriuretic peptide receptor-C towards the design of potential Atrial Fibrillation inhibitors (Aprindine, Inclacumab, and Budiodarone) with the most favorable binding features for further consideration. This study centers around the process for drug discovery finding appropriate medication for the disease Atrial Fibrillation by Molecular Docking technique through protein-ligand interaction. The examination uncovered that out of a couple of molecules that were chosen as target, three of them were seen as most reasonable having the least energies compared to the other molecules. Aprindine, which is utilized in arrhythmia patients as a cardiac depressant. Inclacumab, which is an investigational sedate utilized in trials to look at the treatment and evasion of Myocardial Infarction, Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD), and Coronary Heart Disease. Budiodarone, which is an antiarrhythmic drug at present in clinical preliminaries identified with amiodarone.
Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on glyphosate dissipation rate in okra cultivated sodic soil of Tamil Nadu
Authors:   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College & Research Institute, Tiruchirapalli-620 027, India, Brindhavani P.M. , Janaki P. ,   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College & Research Institute, Tiruchirapalli-620 027, India, Gomadhi G. ,   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College & Research Institute, Tiruchirapalli-620 027, India, Ramesh T. ,   Department of Agronomy, Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tiruchirapalli- 620 027, India, Ejilane J. ,   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College & Research Institute, Tiruchirapalli-620 027, India
Published: November 2020

Aim: To elucidate the influence of non target Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on glyphosate dissipation in okra cultivated sodic soil of Tamil Nadu. Methodology: A field experiment was carried out during Rabi 2017-18 to study the interactive effect of glyphosate and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM) on glyphosate dissipation in sodic soil from okra (A. esculentus) grown field. Experiment was laid adopting Randomized Block Design (RBD) with different rates of glyphosate and with and without AM fungi. Glyphosate was applied as pre-plant herbicide 20 days before sowing, and AM biofertilizer was applied as basal before sowing of okra. Soil samples were collected from the field at different time interval after glyphosate application and analysed for glyphosate and Amino Methyl Phosphonic Acid (AMPA) residues. Results: Glyphosate persistence decreased with time and degraded with the mean half-life ranging from 5.09 to 10.35 days by following first order reaction kinetics. AMPA was witnessed from day 1 and increased up to 15th day and followed first order reaction kinetics dissipation with the mean half-life of 8.62 to 13.06 days. Glyphosate and AMPA residues were recorded below detection limit (0.01 mg kg-1) on 45th and 60th days, respectively, in soil. Interpretation: The higher rates of glyphosate showed enhanced persistence of glyphosate and its metabolite AMPA in soil, hence application of AM fungi 100 kg ha-1 with lower glyphosate rate of 6 ml/L can be recommended for okra cultivated sodic soil with the safer waiting period of after 45 days harvest.
Dietary shatavari, Asparagous racemosus root extract promotes growth, feed conversion and nutrient utilization in Labeo rajasthanicus
Authors:   Division of Aquaculture, Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai-400 061, India, Keer N.R. , Chadha N.K. ,   Division of Aquaculture, Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai-400 061, India, Saini V.P. ,   Directorate of Research, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur-313 001, India, Ojha M.L. ,   College of Fisheries, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur-313 001, India, Sawant P.B. ,   Division of Aquaculture, Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai-400 061, India
Published: November 2020

Aim: The objective of the study was to assess the effect of supplementation with dietary shatavari, Asparagous racemosus root extract on growth, feed conversion and nutrient utilization in Labeo rajasthanicus. Methodology: Two-hundred-seventy fingerlings of equal size (8.19±0.03g) were stocked in 18 fibre reinforced plastic tanks following complete randomized design. Six iso-nitrogenous (30% crude protein) and iso-caloric (390 kcal digestible energy per 100 g) diets were prepared with graded level of ethanolic shatavari root extract, i.e., 0.00, 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, 0.60, 0.75 g kg-1 and designated as control, T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 were fed to L. rajasthanicus twice a day for 45 days. The growth performance, feed conversion and nutrient utilisation were considered as response parameters. Results: Significantly (P<0.05) higher growth performance (weight gain %, specific growth rate, net yield and mean daily weight gain percentage) and better feed conversion and nutrient utilization (protein efficiency ratio and lipid efficiency ratio) were observed in T1 group than in other experimental groups. Interpretation: Based on these findings, it can be concluded that ethanolic extract of shatavari root can be used as a growth promoter and can be included at the supplementation level of 0.15 g kg-1 diet for Labeo rajasthanicus.
Effects of heavy metals on Antarctic bacterial cell growth kinetics and degradation of waste canola oil
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Zahri K.N.M. , Zulkharnain A. ,   Department of Bioscience and Engineering, College of Systems Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama, 337 8570, Japan, Gomez-Fuentes C. ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Magallanes, Avda. Bulnes, 01855, Punta Arenas, Región de Magallanes y Antártica Chilena, Chile, Sabri S. ,   Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Ahmad S.A. ,   National Antarctic Research Centre, B303 Level 3, Block B, IPS Building, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: November 2020

Aim: The aim of the present study was to study the effect of heavy metals on growth kinetics of Antarctic bacterial in degradation of waste canola oil. Methodology: The BS14 Antarctic bacterial community was introduced in the minimal salt media containing 1 ppm of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Al, Zn, Ni, As and Co) with 1% waste canola oil, and the effects of heavy metals on biodegradation of waste canola oil was analysed by gravimetric analysis. The turbidity of bacteria was obtained through UV-visible spectroscopy at 600 nm of wavelength for every 24 hr within seven days of incubation period, and the data were regressed with linear and non-linear kinetic equations. Results: The results demonstrated that Co was the most active metal that led to 4.217% increase in waste canola oil and the least active metal in biodegradation of oil was zinc, as it degraded the waste canola oil only to 29.26%. Overall, the bacterial growth was inhibited in increasing order of Al > Cd> As> Zn> Ni> Cr> Co whereas the waste canola oil biodegradation was inhibited in the order of Zn> Cr> Ni> Al> Cd> As> Co. The best fitted-regression model was determined by comparing the kinetic parameters estimated between linear and non-linear model equations, where the R2 value for non-linear regression was highest at 0.8421, and low sy.x at 0.324 for Ni with a maximum growth rate (0.01131 hr-1) of the Antarctic bacterial in degrading waste canola oil, meantime best-fitted in the linear regression model was Zn with high R2 and growth constant values (0.9082 and 0.2075 hr-1, respectively) as well as low value of statistical error, which was 0.2075. Interpretation: The presence of heavy metals in Antarctic bacterial community could suppress the ability of bacteria to degrade waste canola oil, and this can slower the rate of bacterial growth in the kinetics studies. Hence, this work would be helpful in actual bioremediation operations by understanding and manipulating the process of the kinetics parameters.
Conversions of Localized Excess Electrons and Spin States under External Electric Field: Inter-Cage Electron-transfer Isomer (C20F20)3&K2
Authors: Tang Jia-Min , Wang Yin-Feng , Qin Tian , Liu Xue-Xia , Wang Zhijun , Huang Jiangen , Zhang Hua-Rong , Yang Kai , Li Zhi-Ru
Published: November 2020

By doping two potassium atoms among three
CF cages, peanut-shaped single
molecular solvated dielectron
(CF)&K
was theoretically presented. The triplet structures with two excess
electrons individually inside left and middle cages (isomers I
or II) are thermodynamically more stable than both open-shell
(OS) and close-shell (CS) singlet ones with lone pair of excess
electrons inside middle cage. Applying an oriented external electric
field (OEEF) of -20 × 10 au (-0.1018 V/Å) or a
larger one can result in both left-to-right transfers of the two excess
electrons, and then releasing the OEEF can form new kind of inter-cage
electron-transfer isomers (III or IV). Each triplet
I ~ IV with three redox sits may be
new members of mixed-valent compounds, namely, Robin-Day Class II. For
electrified I of
(CF)&K
, the following spin states are ground state: 1) triplet state in field
ranges of -120 × 10 <
F < -30 × 10 au
and 30 × 10 < F
< 111 × 10 au; 2) CS singlet state in
range of F ≥ 111 × 10 and ≤
-120 × 10 au; 3) OS singlet state in ranges of -30 ×
10 ≤ F ≤ -5 ×
10 au and 5 × 10 ≤
F ≤ 30 × 10 au.
Spatiotemporal interactions of predators and prey of a neotropical mammal community in southern Mexico
Authors: Briones-Salas Miguel , Galindo-Aguilar Elena , Luna-Olivera Beatriz , Ramírez-Ibáñez Marcelino , Lavariega Mario C.
Published: November 2020

Predator-prey interactions are one of the central themes in ecology due
to their importance as a key mechanism in structuring biotic
communities. In the predator-prey systems, the no-trophic interactions,
such as persecution and avoidance, have more impact on ecosystems than
the trophic ones. We analyze the spatiotemporal relations between prey
and predators of a community of medium and large-size mammals in a
tropical region. We analyzed time data series of camera-trap data. The
observed data of time lags among occurrences of pairs of species were
compared with random data using the Bootstrap method. We generate a
network of co-occurrences to describe the significant spatiotemporal
patterns between predators and prey and used the kernel density
estimator to analyze the overlap of daily activity patterns themy. We
found 26 predator-prey interactions (p<0.05), which involved
14 species. The results suggest that prey perceives the risk of
predation and display avoidance behavior both spatially and temporally
which is consistent with fear theory. Predators may be deploying
opportunistic and / or intermittent foraging strategies to reduce prey
mobility caused by previous predation encounters. This study provides a
new approach to understand the interactions between predators and prey
through camera-trapping or similar data of spatiotemporal
co-occurrences.
CytoBas: Precision component-resolved diagnostics for allergy using flow cytometric staining of basophils with recombinant allergen tetramers
Authors: McKenzie Craig , Varese Nirupama , Aui Pei , Wines Bruce , Hogarth P , Thien Francis , Hew Mark , Rolland Jennifer , O'Hehir Robyn , Zelm Menno van
Published: November 2020

Background: Diagnostic tests for allergy rely on detecting
allergen-specific IgE. Component-resolved diagnostics incorporate
multiple defined allergen components to improve the quality of diagnosis
and patient care. Objective: To develop a new approach for determining
sensitization to specific allergen components that utilizes fluorescent
protein tetramers for direct staining of IgE on blood basophils by flow
cytometry. Methods: Recombinant forms of Lol_p_1 and Lol_p_5
proteins from ryegrass pollen (RGP) and Api_m_1 from honeybee venom
(BV) were produced, biotinylated and tetramerized with
streptavidin-fluorophore conjugates. Blood samples from 50 RGP-allergic,
41 BV-allergic and 26 controls were incubated with fluorescent protein
tetramers for flow cytometric evaluation of basophil allergen binding
and activation. Results: Allergen tetramers bound to and activated
basophils from relevant allergic patients but not controls. Direct
fluorescence staining of Api_m_1 and Lol_p_1 tetramers had greater
positive predictive values than basophil activation for BV and RGP
allergy, respectively, as defined with receiver operator characteristics
(ROC) curves. Staining intensities of allergen tetramers correlated with
allergen-specific IgE levels in serum. Inclusion of multiple allergens
coupled with distinct fluorochromes in a single tube assay enabled rapid
detection of sensitization to both Lol_p_1 and Lol_p_5 in
RGP-allergic patients and discriminated between controls, BV-allergic
and RGP-allergic patients. Conclusion: Our novel flow cytometric assay,
termed CytoBas, enables rapid and reliable detection of clinically
relevant allergic sensitization. The intensity of fluorescent allergen
tetramer staining of basophils has a high positive predictive value for
disease and the assay can be multiplexed for a component-resolved and
differential diagnostic test for allergy.
Spatial and temporal variation in the generation time of a bird metapopulation: density regulation and the evolutionary potential of a pace-of-life measure
Authors: Araya-Ajoy Yimen , Niskanen Alina , Ranke Peter , Froy Hannah , Kvalnes Thomas , Rønning Bernt , Pedersen Michael , Ringsby Thor-Harald , Jensen Henrik , Sæther Bernt-Erik , Wright Jonathan
Published: November 2020

Generation time determines the pace of key demographic and evolutionary
processes. Quantified as the weighted mean age at reproduction, it can
be studied as a trait that varies within and among populations and may
evolve in response to ecological conditions. We combined quantitative
genetic analyses with age- and density-dependent models to study
generation time variation in a bird metapopulation. Generation time was
heritable, and males had longer generation times compared with females.
Individuals with longer generation times had a higher lifetime
reproductive success but not a higher expected population growth rate.
Density regulation acted on recruit production, suggesting that longer
generation times should be favored when populations are closer to
carrying capacity. Furthermore, generation times were shorter when
populations were growing, and longer when populations were closer to
equilibrium or declining. These results support classic theory
predicting that density regulation is an important driver of the pace of
life-history strategies.
Anchoring among German financial analysts: An empirical and background analysis
Authors: Tomfort Andre , Wiegand Paulina
Published: November 2020

The paper investigates whether financial analysts in Germany were subject to cognitive and emotional constraints. The focus was on the heuristic of anchoring. An evaluation based on 224 individual forecasts for seven DAX-listed companies for the period from 2011 to 2018 with respect to the earnings per share of the current business year was done. Three issues were analysed in particular: Whether anchoring was found at all, to what extent anchoring has led to a deterioration of the forecast quality and if the effect of anchoring was still measurable shortly before the incurred earnings had been announced. For the assessment of the data, descriptive statistical measures, and tests such as the non-parametric Wilcoxon rank-sum test or the parametric t-test were used. For the German capital market there are currently very few empirical behavioural studies dealing with the forecast quality of financial analysts. This study is aiming to close this gap by investigating to what extent behavioural aspects have led to a significant deterioration in the forecast quality of financial analysts for the German stock market. The quality and reliability of analysts' forecasts is of high relevance to the capital market, since the assessments of financial analysts are used as a basis for investment decisions by private and institutional investors and are thus essential for a high degree of efficiency in the allocation of capital in a financial system.
Adequacy of DEA in Measuring the Efficiency of Public Sector Entities in Nigeria: A Comparative Analysis Approach
Authors: Olawale Odewole, Philip
Published: November 2020

The study examined the efficiency of Decision- Making Units (DMUs) in the public sector entities in Nigeria. The study focused on the efficiency in the utilization of personnel cost releases to the federal educational and health institutions by the Federal Government of Nigeria. Secondary data were sourced from the Annual General Warrants from Audited financial statements of the Public Sector entities. Sampled size for the study comprised twenty-five (25) DMUs each from both sectors out of the major Federal Ministries from four (4) geo-political Zones and Abuja. Data were analyzed using Data Envelopment Analysis Model (DEA). The results of the average efficiency scores from both Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes Model (CCR) and Banker, Charnes and Cooper (BCC) on the DMUs showed that the sectors were marginally inefficient. The summary of the overall results therefore revealed that the DMUs under health sector performed averagely better than education sector in the utilization of personnel cost allocations. The study recommended that a central monitoring team be created jointly by the Federal Ministry of Finance and Accountant-General’s office to ensure full utilization of personnel cost releases to the DMUs. The study therefore concluded that only continuous assessment and periodic appraisal of the personnel cost utilization by the supervising ministries, can guarantee full efficiency in the utilization of personnel cost releases.
Pull: The Science of a Nuisance
Authors: Pottinger Marion G.
Published: November 2020

All tire constructions exhibit some inherent offsets in forces and moments, generically called pull forces. When the radial became the predominate tire construction, pull forces became a nuisance to tire and automotive manufacturers. Over the past four decades, the science has become essentially complete, but confusion still occurs and scientific work is repeated. This is partially because there is not a comprehensive reference uniting the existing information. This article is a comprehensive reference dealing with effects, measurement, sources, and how a frustrated service person can decide what is really going on within the context of a service facility.
A Novel Approach for Thermomechanical Analysis of Stationary Rolling Tires within an ALE–Kinematic Framework
Authors: Suwannachit Anuwat , Nackenhorst Udo
Published: November 2020

A new computational technique for the thermomechanical analysis of tires in stationary rolling contact is suggested. Different from the existing approaches, the proposed method uses the constitutive description of tire rubber components, such as large deformations, viscous hysteresis, dynamic stiffening, internal heating, and temperature dependency. A thermoviscoelastic constitutive model, which incorporates all the mentioned effects and their numerical aspects, is presented. An isentropic operator-split algorithm, which ensures numerical stability, was chosen for solving the coupled mechanical and energy balance equations. For the stationary rolling-contact analysis, the constitutive model presented and the operator-split algorithm are embedded into the Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE)–relative kinematic framework. The flow of material particles and their inelastic history within the spatially fixed mesh is described by using the recently developed numerical technique based on the Time Discontinuous Galerkin (TDG) method. For the efficient numerical solutions, a three-phase, staggered scheme is introduced. First, the nonlinear, mechanical subproblem is solved using inelastic constitutive equations. Next, deformations are transferred to the subsequent thermal phase for the solution of the heat equations concerning the internal dissipation as a source term. In the third step, the history of each material particle, i.e., each internal variable, is transported through the fixed mesh corresponding to the convective velocities. Finally, some numerical tests with an inelastic rubber wheel and a car tire model are presented.
ACTIVE CHARCOAL FROM WASTE OF AVOCADO SEEDS AS A CHROMIC (CR) METAL ADSORBENT USING CHLORIDE ACID (HCL) AND SULFURIC ACID (H2SO4) ACTIVATOR
Authors: Guntama Dody , Mahardini Ika , Purnamasari Regzinta , Nulhakim Lukman
Published: November 2020

Avocado seeds are one of the wastes generated from restaurants that serve avocado juice. This avocado seed waste can be used as activated charcoal by carbonization at high temperatures and chemical activation using HCl and H2SO4 activators. The results showed that the optimum concentration of HCl and H2SO4 activator was 5%, which at a concentration of 5% produced the smallest water content values, namely 0.5825% and 0.6763%, the lowest ash content was 0.2993% and 0.2296%, while the adsorption to iodine amounted to 252.2419 mg / g and 279.8959 mg / g. The charcoal from avocado seeds has the potential to absorb chromium metal, which at optimum conditions can absorb 0.1673 mg / L and 0.1535 mg / L.
COMPULSORY ENFORCEMENT OF ARBITRAL AWARDS IN RUSSIA - A DANGEROUS LEGAL PRECEDENT HAS OCCURRED
Authors: SCHAER M. , GAIDAENKO SCHAER N.I. , ZAYTSEV O.V.
Published: November 2020

In this article, the authors study and analyze the recent decisions of the courts of general jurisdiction (the appeal ruling of the Judicial Collegium for Civil Cases of the Moscow City Court of 26 July 2019 in case No. 33-34038/19 and the ruling of the Second General Jurisdiction Court of Cassation of 12 March 2020 in case No. 88-3792/2020). The authors, in the process of analyzing these examples of law enforcement law, come to the conclusion that the lack of a pro-arbitration approach in the courts of general jurisdiction to the application of the provisions of the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation on the procedure for enforcing decisions of arbitration courts may not only block for a long time decision, but also to help reduce the popularity of arbitration proceedings as a way to resolve commercial disputes in Russia. In addition, the researchers note that the existing norms of the procedural law contribute to the emergence of situations that increase the time and cost of enforcing the arbitral award and create additional risks, including those associated with both delaying the process and blocking the execution of the arbitral award.
TYPOLOGY OF ADMINISTRATIVE COURT PROCEDURE AND WAYS OF UNIFICATION OF CIVIL PROCEDURE
Authors: SAMSONOV N.V.
Published: November 2020

Within a matter of a theoretical discussion about the legal nature of administrative court procedure, the article investigates the issue of issue of a type of this procedure. In order to reach the research goal the author solves the following problems: defines the essence of the protective legal relationship in the administrative court procedure; finds out whether it is typical for administrative court procedure to deal with dispute about personal right; makes a comparative analysis of the targets of administrative court procedure, its main principles with similar institutions in administrative and civil procedure. The methodological basis of the research is the dialectic approach. The author uses the methods of system analysis, formal logical analysis, formal legal and comparative legal methods. The following conclusions are made: as examining the cases in terms of administrative court procedure, the courts resolve the conflicts about personal right, that is typical for civil procedure; the main aim of administrative court procedure, civil and arbitration process is defense of violated or contested personal rights, freedoms and legal interests, that is not similar to the goal of administrative law and process; administrative court procedure and civil and arbitration process have common principles that differ essentially from the principles of administration law and process. The empirical data that confirm these conclusions are analyzed. The author concludes that administrative court procedure can be estimated as a new protsessual form of civil procedure. The unification of the general provisions of civil law procedural legislation is proposed.
SEVENTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF PRC CIVIL PROCEDURE LEGISLATION
Authors: ZHIHUA WAN
Published: November 2020

In this article, the author examines the history of the development of legislation on civil proceedings over 70 years since the formation of the New PRC. The article analyzes the historical prerequisites for the adoption of the CPC of the PRC, describes the features of the development of legislation on civil procedures in different periods, and also reveals the connection between the evolution of legislation on civil procedures and the development of social life in China. Achievements and successes achieved in civil procedure legislation, prospects for the development of Chinese civil procedure legislation are summarized. In particular, in the study, the author emphasizes that at present, artificial intelligence is widely used in all aspects of people’s daily life, including in the judicial sphere. On the one hand, artificial intelligence contributes to improving the efficiency, fairness and speed of justice, and on the other hand, numerous disputes related to Internet transactions and human rights violations on the Internet are inevitably associated with the use of artificial intelligence in the process of legal proceedings in the collection, verification or certification of evidence. Another finding is that citizens are increasingly advocating that the state guarantees their legal rights and interests. The process of democratization and the rule of law at the global level also exerted significant pressure on the judiciary, which led to a very active development of the civil procedure system in China for a further long period.
…AND JUSTICE FOR ALL
Authors: ARTEBYAKINA N.A.
Published: November 2020

The article discusses some problems that have arisen in the field of civil and arbitration proceedings generated by the threat of the spread of coronavirus infection in the territory of the Russian Federation in late March – early May 2020. Subjects of civil procedural and arbitration procedural relations were faced with insurmountable circumstances restricting the right to access to justice. The situation is considered from the point of view of the principle of judicial proceedings within a reasonable time, the principle of procedural economy, legality. The category «cases of urgent nature» is analyzed, the correctness of its use in judicial practice is questioned. The question is raised about the independence of judges and their subordination only to the Constitution of the Russian Federation and federal law as a guarantee of the right to an independent and fair trial. The threat of the spread of coronavirus infection on the territory of the Russian Federation entailed a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of persons participating in cases in civil and arbitration proceedings. It was revealed that civil disputes (in the broad sense of the word) at the end of March – beginning of May 2020 were left without proper attention from the courts; the courts were unable to promptly respond to the current situation, effectively carry out their functions, and provide large-scale remote access to justice.
SPECIFICS OF ESTABLISHING JURISDICTION OVER ENVIRONMENTAL DISPUTES
Authors: SHABALINA M.A. , KRYUCHKOVA Yu.A.
Published: November 2020

This article deals with the problems of establishing jurisdiction over environmental disputes. The issues under consideration are relevant in the context of Russian regulation because both commercial courts and courts of general jurisdiction could be competent to hear the disputes, which inevitably entails difficulties for both the applicants and the courts themselves as the provided case law demonstrates. Besides, the issues are topical because of the numerous changes of Russian supreme courts’ approaches towards them, and also due to the procedural reform of 2019. Relevance in the context of international regulation is due to lack of specialised rules for establishing international jurisdiction over environmental disputes, while the rules on international jurisdiction over tort disputes are not fully effective. The article also analyses the rules on jurisdiction over tort disputes provided for by Russian procedural codes. The article concludes that in the absence of clear rules on the competence of arbitration and general courts to hear environmental disputes, significant differences between the rules of the codes affect the implementation of the principle of legal certainty in considering this type of disputes.
REVIEW OF THE MONOGRAPH BY S.A. KUROCHKIN “THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CIVIL PROCEEDINGS”
Authors: SKVORTSOV O.Yu.
Published: November 2020

This review is a brief review of the monograph by S.A. Kurochkin “The Effectiveness of Civil Proceedings”. The effectiveness and efficiency of judicial protection of rights, freedoms and legitimate interests remains one of the urgent problems of modern jurisprudence. The book describes the concept of the effectiveness of civil proceedings, which made it possible to look at the issues of the effectiveness and efficiency of judicial activity in a comprehensive manner, to apply the methods of sociology of law, a systematic approach and economic analysis of law. The theoretical and applied aspects of effective going to court, an effective procedure for considering a case, an effective court decision and effective verification procedures, which together become the result of the implementation of effective rules of civil and arbitration procedural law, are considered. Conditions, criteria and performance indicators, as well as procedural means of ensuring and increasing the efficiency of modern Russian civil proceedings are proposed. Also, the author makes a very interesting remark that in the great and powerful Russian language there were not enough synonyms for the term “efficiency”, so it is used by the author much more often than stylistic considerations require. In contrast, it is noted that at least three consonant terms are used in the English-language legal literature, reflecting different aspects of such a complex and rich phenomenon as efficiency.
ON THE “BENEFIT” OF HIGHER LEGAL EDUCATION
Authors: SKURATOVSKY M.L.
Published: November 2020

The main topic of the article is the discussion of the doctrinal, legislative and applied nuances of introducing educational qualifications in the arbitration process for representatives, highlights the history of the issue and the results of a mini-sociological study. As the results of the analysis of all aspects of the problem, the author gives recommendations on the application of the norm. In particular, the author notes that now, when the beginning of professionalization has been laid, the author does not at all call to return to what was. The best option is, in our opinion, the introduction of a mixed system, that is, when everyone who has the appropriate powers, formalized in a power of attorney or other legal document, gets admission to meetings. Let them be – even as a mandatory supplement to a lawyer, after all – the presence of a lawyer, after all, both disciplines and morally encourages: he can immediately and competently respond to an unexpected petition of the enemy and suggest a word and participate in a meeting of lawyers.
REALIZATION OF INTELLECTUAL RIGHTS AS COLLATERAL (PROCEDURAL ASPECTS)
Authors: NOVOSELOVA L.A. , GRIN O.S.
Published: November 2020

This paper addresses the issues pertaining to the usage of intellectual property, with the main focus being the use of exclusionary rights as a collateral; economic and legal obstacles hindering the development of this institution in Russia are also identified. Imperfect system of exclusionary rights appraisal is highlighted as a prime reason for the under-utilization of intellectual property as a collateral. The procedure of foreclosing the intellectual property is investigated; legal gaps that have negative impact on its efficiency are identified and evaluated. In conclusion, the authors note that the features of levy of execution on exclusive copyright provided by the law and the conclusion of court practice based on this that copyright manuscripts cannot be levied at all, reflect the optimal model of regulation that takes into account the moral rights of authors (including the right to promulgation). The law provides an opportunity both for the author of a work, the performer in relation to performance, and for their heirs to decide whether to give the exclusive right the opportunity to be an economic asset with security value or not.
JUDICIAL EVIDENCE OF SUBJECTIVE INTEGRITY
Authors: GOLUBTSOV V.G.
Published: November 2020

The author refers to the practice of enforcing the rules of subjective integrity. Subjective integrity is seen as a special construct reflecting the circumstances of apologetic ignorance in the structure of objective integrity. According to the author, the facts of apologetic ignorance should be distinguished from situations of simple ignorance, which do not need to be legally assessed by the court, and unlike situations of apologetic ignorance, are included in the debt provided for by law. The article groups the cases of subjective integrity mentioned by the legislator and analyses their application as unrelated to imputed knowledge. The practice of the courts with regard to obtaining, examining and evaluating evidence of subjective impossibility to recognize facts by an unknown person acting without real consideration of these circumstances is investigated. Proposals are made to change judicial practice in order to take into account the achievements of domestic civilistics and to eliminate problems caused by disregard of subjective integrity in certain categories of court cases.
Jaringan Sosial Tanah Ombak dalam Mengembangkan Budaya Literasi
Authors: Sajidah Anisaq Qastalani , Fitriani Erda
Published: November 2020

Latarbelakang penelitian ini adalah munculnya jaringan sosial Tanah Ombak untuk mengembangkan budaya literasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan apa bentuk jaringan sosial Tanah Ombak dalam mengembangkan budaya literasi di Kampung Purus III, Kelurahan Purus, Kecamatan Padang Barat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan tipe penelitian studi kasus. Pemilihan informan secara purposive sampling dengan jumlah 13 informan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara observasi partisipasi pasif, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik analisis interaktif Miles dan Huberman dengan cara reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa : A. Jaringan Sosial yang dilakukan Tanah Ombak diantaranya: 1) Jaringan Sosial Pertemanan, 2) Jaringan Sosial dengan Pihak Pemerintah Daerah, 3) Jaringan Sosial dengan Pihak LSM, 4)Jaringan Sosial dengan Pihak CSR Perusahaan, 5) Jaringan Melalui Media Sosial.