bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radiation-dose-dependent functional synergisms between ATM, ATR and DNA-PKcs in checkpoint control and resection in G2-phase
Authors: Mladenov Emil , Fan Xiaoxiang , Dueva Rositsa , Soni Aashish , Iliakis George
Published: June 2019

Using data generated with cells exposed to ionizing-radiation (IR) in G2-phase of the cell cycle, we describe dose-dependent interactions between ATM, ATR and DNA-PKcs revealing unknown mechanistic underpinnings for two key facets of the DNA damage response: DSB end-resection and G2-checkpoint activation. At low IR-doses that induce low DSB-numbers in the genome, ATM and ATR regulate epistatically the G2-checkpoint, with ATR at the output-node, interfacing with the cell-cycle predominantly through Chk1. Strikingly, at low IR-doses, ATM and ATR epistatically regulate also resection, and inhibition of either activity fully suppresses resection. At high IR-doses that induce high DSB-numbers in the genome, the tight ATM/ATR coupling relaxes and independent outputs to G2-checkpoint and resection occur. Consequently, both kinases must be inhibited to fully suppress checkpoint activation and resection. DNA-PKcs integrates to the ATM/ATR module by regulating resection at all IR-doses, with defects in DNA-PKcs causing hyper-resection and G2-checkpoint hyper-activation. Notably, hyper-resection is absent from other c-NHEJ mutants. Thus, DNA-PKcs specifically regulates resection and adjusts the activation of the ATM/ATR module. We propose that selected DSBs are shepherd by DNA-PKcs from c-NHEJ to resection-dependent pathways for processing under the regulatory supervision of the ATM/ATR module.
Kirchhoff’s metasurfaces towards efficient photo-thermal energy conversion
Authors: Nishijima Yoshiaki , Balčytis Armandas , Naganuma Shin , Seniutinas Gediminas , Juodkazis Saulius
Published: June 2019

Thermo-optical properties of the nanodisc and metal hole array plasmonic perfect absorber (PPA) metasurfaces were designed and characterized at mid-infrared wavelengths. Both, radiation emitter and detector systems operating in various spectral domains are highly sought after for a diverse range of applications, one example being future sensor networks employed in the internet-of-things. Reciprocity of the absorbance and emittance is shown experimentally, i.e., the PPAs are demonstrated to follow Kirchhoff’s law where the patterns exhibiting a strong optical absorption were found to be effective thermal emitters. Hence, the Kirchhoff’s law is experimentally validated for the metasurfaces in the IR spectral domain where there is a lack of solutions for spectrally narrow-band emitters. The highest efficiency of radiation-to-heat and heat-to-radiation conversion was obtained for Au-Si-Au composite structures.
The effects of nitrogen addition on dissolved carbon in boreal forest soils of northeastern China
Authors: Shi Liang , Dech Jeffery P. , Yao Huaxia , Zhao Pengwu , Shu Yang , Zhou Mei
Published: June 2019

Understanding the effects of nitrogen (N) addition on dissolved carbon in boreal forest soils is essential for accurate evaluation of regional carbon balances. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different levels and types of N addition on soil dissolved carbon concentration in a cold-temperate coniferous forest through an in-situ fertilization experiment. Simulated atmospheric N addition was applied in a factorial experiment with N addition level (control, 10, 20 and 40 kg of N ha−1yr−1) and N type (NH4Cl, KNO3 and NH4NO3) treatments. The experiment was conducted over the 2010 growing season (May-September) at the Kailaqi farm of Genhe Forestry Bureau, located in the northern Great Xin’an mountain range, northern China. Monthly N addition treatments were applied in three replicate plots per treatment (n = 36), and measurements of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) were derived from monthly sampling of the organic and mineral soil horizons. There was a significant effect of N type, with the combined N source (NH4NO3) producing significantly higher DOC than the control (ambient addition) or the NH4Cl treatment in both the organic and mineral layers. The N addition treatment increased DIC in the organic layer at the low levels only, while N type did not have a significant effect. There was a significant interaction of the month and the N level treatment, as low level N addition tended to increase the content of soil DOC while high level N tended to inhibit soil DOC content, with these trends being most pronounced in the middle of the growing season. These results elucidate the importance of the type and timing of N additions to the dynamics of soil carbon pools.
Stacking up: a new approach for cell culture studies
Authors: Soto Veliz Diosangeles , Zhang Hongbo , Toivakka Martti
Published: June 2019

A novel cell culture device compatible to coating and printing techniques, facilitating future experimental customisation, functionalisation, and cell monitoring.
A specific electrochemiluminescence sensor for selective and ultra-sensitive mercury(ii) detection based on dithiothreitol functionalized copper nanocluster/carbon nitride nanocomposites
Authors: Liu Huitao , Gao Xueqing , Zhuang Xuming , Tian Chunyuan , Wang Zhenguang , Li Yanxiu , Rogach Andrey L.
Published: June 2019

A novel electrochemiluminescence sensor based on the combination of copper nanoclusters and carbon nitride nanosheets was fabricated for detecting Hg2+.
High quantum yield blue- and orange-emitting carbon dots: one-step microwave synthesis and applications as fluorescent films and in fingerprint and cellular imaging
Authors: Deng Zhiqin , Liu Chang , Jin Yanzi , Pu Jianlin , Wang Bin , Chen Jiucun
Published: June 2019

Nitrogen-doped CDs with high quantum yield have been synthesized by one-step microwave synthesis and successfully used for films and bioimaging.
Optimization of the sample preparation method for adherent cell metabolomics based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Kun , Zhang Xiaohan , Bai Yunfan , Yang Lijun , Wu Tong , Zhang Jie , Li Li , Zhang Honglian , Wang Huiyu
Published: June 2019

Sample preparation plays a crucial role in generating data with satisfactory quality and stability for metabolomics studies, especially those conducted on cells culturedin vitro.
Prediction of chemical component contents of the fruit of Xanthium strumarium L. during processing based on a computer vision system combined with a support vector machine
Authors: Fan Wenxiang , Xu Qiang , Wang Li , Li Lin , Wang Jiaolong , Wei Zhiqiang , Fan Linhong , Zhang Dayong , Peng Wei , Wu Chunjie
Published: June 2019

A novel method for predicting the component contents of Xanthii Fructus during processing by using a computer vision system combined with a support vector machine.
Analysis of volatile organic compounds from patients and cell lines for the validation of lung cancer biomarkers by proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry
Authors: Sun Yun , Chen Yibing , Sun Chuanqiang , Liu Haipei , Wang Yan , Jiang Xuehui
Published: June 2019

Exhaled breath samples from 60 volunteers (30 lung cancer patients, 30 healthy people), and headspace VOCs from lung cancer cells (A549 and H1703) were analyzed using proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS).
Rapid quantitative analysis of the acidity of iron ore by the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique coupled with variable importance measures-random forests (VIM-RF)
Authors: Wang Ping , Li Nan , Yan Chunhua , Feng Yaozhou , Ding Yu , Zhang Tianlong , Li Hua
Published: June 2019

The LIBS technique coupled with VIM-RF was applied for the rapid analysis of the acidity of iron ore.
Membrane deformation and layer-by-layer peeling of giant vesicles induced by the pore-forming toxin pneumolysin
Authors: Drücker Patrick , Iacovache Ioan , Bachler Simon , Zuber Benoît , Babiychuk Eduard B. , Dittrich Petra S. , Draeger Annette
Published: June 2019

Membranes under attack by the pore-forming toxin pneumolysin reveal a hitherto unknown layer-by-layer peeling mechanism and disclose the multilamellar structure.
Stem–loop clutch probes for sequence-specific dsDNA analysis with improved single-mismatch selectivity
Authors: Lu Xing , Zhou Guobao , Lu Yixia , Li Lei
Published: June 2019

A stem–loop clutch probe based strategy has been proposed to guide sequence-specific dsDNA analysis with enhanced single-base mismatch selectivity.
Enhanced K-ion kinetics in a layered cathode for potassium ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Haoyang , Xi Kaiying , Jiang Kezhu , Zhang Xueping , Liu Zhaoguo , Guo Shaohua , Zhou Haoshen
Published: June 2019

A layered cathode for K-ion storage was achieved using electrochemical ion-exchange.
FeCl3-Promoted ring size-dictating diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS) of N-heterocycles using in situ-generated cyclic imines and enamines
Authors: Dhandabani Ganesh Kumar , Mutra Mohana Reddy , Wang Jeh-Jeng
Published: June 2019

The FeCl3-promoted ring size-controlled oxidative activation of o-alkynylanilines opens up a complementary appealing protocol for poly-N-heterocycle synthesis.
B10M2 (M = Rh, Ir): finally a stable boron-based icosahedral cluster
Authors: Liang Wei-yan , Barroso Jorge , Jalife Said , Orozco-Ic Mesías , Zarate Ximena , Dong Xue , Cui Zhong-hua , Merino Gabriel
Published: June 2019

The putative global minimum of clusters with formula B10M2 (M = Rh, Ir) corresponds to icosahedral structures formed by two alternately stacked B5 rings with the metals located at the top and bottom vertices.
Development of a safely handleable synthetic equivalent of cyanonitrile oxide by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of nitroacetonitrile
Authors: Nishiwaki Nagatoshi , Kumegawa Yuta , Iwai Kento , Yokoyama Soichi
Published: June 2019

Cyano-aci-nitroacetate serves as a safely handleable precursor of nitroacetonitrile that undergoes 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition to form 3-cyanoisoxazol(in)es.
Inducing magnetism in non-magnetic α-FeSi2 by distortions and/or intercalations
Authors: Zhandun Vyacheslav , Zamkova Natalia , Korzhavyi Pavel , Sandalov Igor
Published: June 2019

The intercalation of some atoms along with a small lattice distortion can produce magnetic moment and spin-polarization in non-magnetic α-FeSi2.
Oxygen vacancy-confined CoMoO4@CoNiO2 nanorod arrays for oxygen evolution with improved performance
Authors: Du Xiaoqiang , Ma Guangyu , Zhang Xiaoshuang
Published: June 2019

Experimental and DFT calculation results show that the presence of oxygen vacancies can decrease the adsorption energy of intermediates at active sites and facilitate the adsorption of intermediates, thus improving the catalytic properties.
Roll-to-roll prelithiation of Sn foil anode suppresses gassing and enables stable full-cell cycling of lithium ion batteries
Authors: Xu Hui , Li Sa , Zhang Can , Chen Xinlong , Liu Wenjian , Zheng Yuheng , Xie Yong , Huang Yunhui , Li Ju
Published: June 2019

LixSn foil anode prepared by mechanical prelithiation suppresses gassing and achieves stable full-cell cycling in lithium ion batteries.
Evidence for non-electrostatic interactions between a pyrophosphate-functionalized uranyl peroxide nanocluster and iron (hydr)oxide minerals
Authors: Sadergaski Luke R. , Perry Samuel N. , Tholen Luke R. , Hixon Amy E.
Published: June 2019

Electrophoretic mobility measurements and ATR-FTIR provide the first evidence of non-electrostatic interactions between a uranyl-based polyoxometalate and iron oxide surface.
Influence of functional groups on the degradation of graphene oxide nanomaterials
Authors: Shams Mehnaz , Guiney Linda M. , Huang Lijuan , Ramesh Mani , Yang Xiaoning , Hersam Mark C. , Chowdhury Indranil
Published: June 2019

The influence of functional groups on the degradation of graphene oxide nanomaterials under direct sunlight was investigated by systematically varying the surface chemistry.
Bambusurils as a mechanistic tool for probing anion effects
Authors: Jašíková Lucie , Rodrigues Maitê , Lapešová Jana , Lízal Tomáš , Šindelář Vladimír , Roithová Jana
Published: June 2019

We present bambusurils, macrocycles which strongly bind anions of different sizes, as a mechanistic tool to probe counter ion effects in metal catalysis.
A holistic view of gallic acid-induced attenuation in colitis based on microbiome-metabolomics analysis
Authors: Li Yuan , Xie Zhiyong , Gao Tingting , Li Lin , Chen Yongda , Xiao Dan , Liu Wen , Zou Baorong , Lu Biyu , Tian Xing , Han Bo , Guo Yaping , Zhang Shaobao , Lin Lei , Wang Mengxia , Li Pei , Liao Qiongfeng
Published: June 2019

GA enema can treat UC by influencing microbiota-mediated metabolism.
Synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes under dry grinding conditions, promoted by a Lewis acid–surfactant–SiO2-combined nanocatalyst
Authors: Wu Zhiqiang , Wang Gang , Yuan Shuo , Wu Dan , Liu Wanyi , Ma Baojun , Bi Shuxian , Zhan Haijuan , Chen Xiaoyan
Published: June 2019

The Lewis acid–surfactant–SiO2-combined (LASSC) nanocatalyst synthesizes BIMs, and has the advantages of being non-toxic, multi-cycle, highly stable and efficient.
A pH-regulated drug delivery dermal patch for targeting infected regions in chronic wounds
Authors: Jiang Hongjie , Ochoa Manuel , Waimin Jose Fernando , Rahimi Rahim , Ziaie Babak
Published: June 2019

A low-cost, passive, and flexible dermal patch using wound pH to regulate topical drug delivery in chronic wounds.
Biochemical and microbiological evaluation of N-aryl urea derivatives against mycobacteria and mycobacterial hydrolases
Authors: Vartak Abhishek , Goins Christopher , de Moura Vinicius Calado Nogueira , Schreidah Celine M. , Landgraf Alexander D. , Lin Boren , Du Jianyang , Jackson Mary , Ronning Donald R. , Sucheck Steven J.
Published: June 2019

N-Aryl urea derivatives were synthesized and some showed activity against mycobacterial hydrolases while others showed antimicrobial activity against mycobacterial species.
Visualized simulation for the nanostructure design of flexible strain sensors: from a numerical model to experimental verification
Authors: Liu Jize , Zhao Fengyuan , Tao Qingchuan , Cao Jie , Yu Yanmei , Zhang Xinxing
Published: June 2019

A visualized digital analysis is presented to reveal the effect of structural evolution on the sensing performance.
Using evolved gas analysis – mass spectrometry to characterize adsorption on a nanoparticle surface
Authors: Martínez-Esaín Jordi , Puig Teresa , Obradors Xavier , Ros Josep , Farjas Jordi , Roura-Grabulosa Pere , Faraudo Jordi , Yáñez Ramón , Ricart Susagna
Published: June 2019

EGA-MS is presented as an experimental technique to characterize the surface of LnF3 nanoparticles as a complementary approach to surface chemistry.
Facile synthesis of uniform yolk–shell structured FeS@mesoporous carbon spheres for high-performance sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Chen Xiaoning , Wang Dandong , Chen Jiangping
Published: June 2019

The uniform yolk–shell structured FeS@meso-C spheres synthesized by a facile one-pot coating method deliver high Na-storage capacity.
Mononuclear complexes of FeII, CoII and CoIII containing imine-based ligands of 8-aminoquinoline and 7-aminoindazole: spin state tuning of FeII complexes in solution
Authors: Sánchez-Viveros José Manuel , Bucio-Ortega Job , Ortiz-Pastrana Naytzé , Olguín Juan
Published: June 2019

Careful selection of the fused ring heterocycle and aldehyde synthons resulted in the spin state tuning of iron(ii) complexes in solution.
Output current enhancement of hexylthiophene functionalized D–π-extended–A triphenylamine in dye sensitized solar cells
Authors: Vincent Joseph K. L. , Mary Rosana N. T. , Easwaramoorthi R. , Judith Vijaya J. , Karthikeyan S. , Kim J. K.
Published: June 2019

In this work, we report the synthesis of triphenylamine based D–π-extended–A hexylthiophene functionalized MY-102 dye and its solar power conversion efficiency improvement in dye sensitized solar cells (DSCs).
Combination of a protic ionic liquid-like surfactant and biocompatible solvents to generate environmentally friendly anionic reverse micelles
Authors: Dib Nahir , Silber Juana J. , Correa N. Mariano , Falcone R. Dario
Published: June 2019

imim–DEHP, a versatile protic IL-like surfactant to formulate aqueous RMs in biocompatible non-polar solvents.
The transition structure of chromatin fibers at the nanoscale probed by cryogenic electron tomography
Authors: Zhou Zhongwu , Li Kunpeng , Yan Rui , Yu Guimei , Gilpin Christopher J. , Jiang Wen , Irudayaraj Joseph M. K.
Published: June 2019

We show that the extracted native chromatin presents a bifurcated hierarchical structure. The transitional 30 nm chromatin branching structure is the penultimate structure presenting 30 nm chromatin fiber unwinding into multiple nucleosomal arrays. Some nucleosomal arrays form the helix ribbon structure, while others randomly twist. Our work provides structural insights on the regulation of eukaryotic transcription.
The molecular basis of interaction domains of full-length PrP with lipid membranes
Authors: Pan Yangang , Wang Bin , Reese R. Alexander , Xu Bingqian
Published: June 2019

A new method combining AFM measurements and molecular modeling was used to unravel the molecular basis of the interaction domains of full-length PrP with lipid membranes.
Correction: Lacto-N-tetraose synthesis by wild-type and glycosynthase variants of the β-N-hexosaminidase from Bifidobacterium bifidum
Authors: Schmölzer Katharina , Weingarten Melanie , Baldenius Kai , Nidetzky Bernd
Published: June 2019

Correction for ‘Lacto-N-tetraose synthesis by wild-type and glycosynthase variants of the β-N-hexosaminidase from Bifidobacterium bifidum’ by Katharina Schmölzer et al., Org. Biomol. Chem., 2019, DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00424f.
Interfacial engineering of metal–organic frameworks/graphene oxide composite membrane by polyethyleneimine for efficient H2/CH4gas separation
Authors: Liu Di , Pang Guangsheng , Tang Zhiyong , Feng Shouhua
Published: June 2019

Interfacial engineering has demonstrated a significant effect on fabricating highly efficient membranes for gas separation.
Synthesis of rigidified shikimic acid derivatives by ring-closing metathesis to imprint inhibitor efficacy against shikimate kinase enzyme
Authors: Pernas Marina , Blanco Beatriz , Lence Emilio , Thompson Paul , Hawkins Alastair R. , González-Bello Concepción
Published: June 2019

The rigidification of the high-energy conformation of shikimic acid was used to enhance inhibitor efficacy against shikimate kinase enzyme, an attractive target for antibiotic drug discovery.
Consumption of post-fermented Jing-Wei Fuzhuan brick tea alleviates liver dysfunction and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in high fructose diet-fed mice
Authors: Zhang Xiangnan , Wu Qiu , Zhao Yan , Aimy Alim , Yang Xingbin
Published: June 2019

Fuzhuan brick tea can improve non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and intestinal microbiota imbalance induced by a high fructose diet (HFD) intake in mice.
Correction: Anti-ulcerogenic effect of KFP-H008 against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer via p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway
Authors: Su Mei , Li Cheng-yuan , Zhou Lin , Yan Yun-yi , Ao Lu-yao , Wang Guang-ji , Fang Wei-rong , Li Yun-man
Published: June 2019

Correction for ‘Anti-ulcerogenic effect of KFP-H008 against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer via p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway’ by Mei Su et al., RSC Adv., 2017, 7, 49423–49435.
Use of 15N NMR spectroscopy to probe covalency in a thorium nitride
Authors: Staun Selena L. , Sergentu Dumitru-Claudiu , Wu Guang , Autschbach Jochen , Hayton Trevor W.
Published: June 2019

The first isolable molecular thorium nitride, [(NR2)3Th(μ-N)Th(NR2)3]−, was synthesized by reaction of [Th{N(R)(SiMe2)CH2}(NR2)2] with NaNH2 and characterized by X-ray crystallography, 15N NMR spectroscopy, and DFT calculations.
A flexible graphene–carbon fiber composite electrode with high surface area-normalized capacitance
Authors: Sun Xiaoming , Lu Hao , Rufford Thomas E. , Gaddam Rohit Ranganathan , Duignan Timothy T. , Fan Xin , Zhao X. S.
Published: June 2019

The effective surface area utilization, carbon nanostructure and pores all contribute to high surface area-normalized capacitance.
Simultaneous CO2 removal from biomass conversion product gas and carbon nanotube formation via catalytic chemical vapour deposition
Authors: Fuente-Cuesta Aida , Savaniu Cristian , Carins George M. , Miller David N. , Lenzi Manfred , Irvine John T. S.
Published: June 2019

Catalytic chemical vapour deposition (CCVD) was evaluated as a multi-functional process to provide value-added products, syngas (CO + H2) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), from a biomass gasification stream with the use of stainless steel and alumina supported catalysts.
Weakly charged droplets fundamentally change impact dynamics on flat surfaces
Authors: Gao Fan , Yi Hao , Qi Lehua , Qiao Rui , Deng Weiwei
Published: June 2019

Weakly charged droplets eliminate gas entrapment and bubbles during an impact on flat surfaces.
A novel energy-dependent p-semiconductor–metal–n-semiconductor heterojunction for selectively steering charge flow in a Z-scheme photocatalyst
Authors: Li Xiyu , Eshete Mesfin , Li Xin , Xie Tian , Zhang Guozhen , Xie Liyan , Jia Chuanyi , Luo Yi , Jiang Jun
Published: June 2019

The synergistic effect of two interfacial junctions of a p–m–n composite was indicated to enable energy-dependent charge-flow steering for photocatalysis.
Constructing Z-scheme SnO2/N-doped carbon quantum dots/ZnSn(OH)6 nanohybrids with high redox ability for NOx removal under VIS-NIR light
Authors: Lu Yanfeng , Huang Yu , Cao Jun-ji , Li Haiwei , Ho Wingkei , Lee Shun Cheng
Published: June 2019

Photocatalysts with a wide optical response range and high oxidation ability are essential for their application in air pollution control.
Ultralow thermal conductivity of Tl4Ag18Te11
Authors: Shi Yixuan , Mashmoushi Nour , Wegner Wojciech , Jafarzadeh Parisa , Sepahi Zahra , Assoud Abdeljalil , Kleinke Holger
Published: June 2019

This thallium telluride is bestowed with an ultralow thermal conductivity in comparison to state-of-the-art thermoelectrics.
UGT2B17 and miR-224 contribute to hormone dependency trends in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus
Authors: Lian Xiangyao , Baranova Ancha , Ngo Jimmy , Yu Guiping , Cao Hongbao
Published: June 2019

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) are the two main subtypes of esophageal cancer. Genetics underpinnings of EA are substantially less understood than that of ESCC. A large-scale relation data analysis was conducted to explore the genes implicated with either EA or ESCC, or both. Each gene linked to ESCC but not EA was further explored in mega-analysis of six independently collected EA RNA expression datasets. A multiple linear regression (MLR) model was built to study the possible influence of sample size, population region, and study date on the gene expression data in EA. Finally, a functional pathway analysis was conducted to identify the possible linkage between EA and the genes identified as novel significant contributors. We have identified 276 genes associated with EA, 1088 with ESCC, with a significant (P<5.14e-143) overlap between these two gene groups (n=157). Mega-analysis showed that two ESCC-related genes, UGT2B17 and MIR224, were significantly associated with EA (P-value <1e-10), with multiple connecting pathways revealed by functional analysis. ESCC and EA share some common pathophysiological pathways. Further study of UGT2B17 and MIR224, which are differentially dysregulated in ESCC and EA tumors, is warranted. Enhanced expression of UGT2B17 and the lack of miR-224 signaling may contribute to the responsiveness of EA to the male sex steroids.
LncRNA SAMMSON negatively regulates miR-9-3p in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and has prognostic values
Authors: Yang Shouzhang , Cai Huajie , Hu Bingren , Tu Jinfu
Published: June 2019

In the present study, we investigated the role of lncRNA SAMMSON in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We found that SAMMSON was up-regulated in HCC tissues, and patients with high levels of SAMMSON in HCC tissues had significantly lower overall rate within 5 years after admission. miR-9-3p was down-regulated in HCC tissues and inversely correlated with SAMMSON. SAMMSON expression was not significantly affected by HBV and HCV infections in HCC patients. In HCC cells, SAMMSON overexpression resulted in down-regulated miR-9-3p expression, while miR-9-3p overexpression caused no significant changes in expression levels of SAMMSON. SAMMSON overexpression led to increased, while miR-9-3p overexpression resulted in decreased migration and invasion rates of HCC cells. Therefore, SAMMSON negatively regulated miR-9-3p in HCC cells to promote cancer cell migration and invasion.
Iterated extended Kalman filter‐based grid synchronisation control of a PV system
Authors: Swain Sudarshan , Subudhi Bidyadhar
Published: June 2019

A new control scheme employing the Iterated Extended Kalman Filtering (IEKF) algorithm for synchronization of a PV system with a three‐phase grid is proposed. IEKF accurately estimates the fundamental sinusoidal component of the distorted voltage signals at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) and the current signal of the load. The Kalman gain is updated through the minimization of the estimation error covariance yielding accurate estimation of the fundamental component of the aforementioned voltage and current signals. IEKF uses an iterative loop to reduce the mean square error and also increases the convergence speed. The proposed IEKF‐PI control scheme is implemented using MATLAB/Simulink first and then it is realised on a prototype of a single stage grid connected PV system developed in the laboratory. From the results obtained from both the simulation and experimental studies, it is concluded that after compensation, the grid current reaches the steady state faster using IEKF‐PI than using EKF‐PI and STF‐PI. The Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of the grid current is compensated to a lowest value of 3.5% using the proposed IEKF‐PI control scheme than that obtained using both EKF‐PI and STF‐PI, despite distortion of PCC voltage and PCC voltage sag and swell condition.
Research on multi‐objective optimisation coordination for large‐scale V2G
Authors: Zhou Tianpei , Sun Wei
Published: June 2019

Vehicle‐to‐grid (V2G) technology plays an important role in solving the large‐scale disordered charging and discharging behaviour of the electric vehicles (EVs). V2G mode based on microgrid is used for multi‐objective optimisation coordination between the EVs and the power grid, and a multi‐objective optimisation model, in which minimum grid load fluctuation, maximum renewable energy utilisation and maximum benefits for the EV users as the optimisation objectives are established. In order to solve the optimisation model, searching valley scheduling algorithm, variable threshold optimisation algorithm and variable charge/discharge rate optimisation algorithm are proposed successively. In order to verify the control effect, the three proposed algorithms are compared with the without optimisation algorithm. The results show that the three proposed algorithms, in a manner, could improve the imbalance between power supply and demand of the microgrid; increase utilisation of renewable energy; and bring certain benefits to the EV users. By analysis of experimental data, the control effect of variable charge/discharge rate scheduling algorithm is the best in the three scheduling algorithms.
Allocating resources based on a model of coarse‐grained reconfigurable architecture
Authors: Zhang Huizhen , Pan Yubiao , Zhang Yiwen , Wang Cheng
Published: June 2019

Reconfigurable resource utilisation is a key factor that impacts the performance of reconfigurable instruction set processors (RISPs), which can customise their instruction set for special applications. In this study, the authors propose a novel method to improve reconfigurable resource utilisation of RISPs based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) chips. The method provides a graph multi‐colouring allocating algorithm based on a simplified reconfigurable resource model. In the model, they construct three kinds of FPGA‐based coarse‐grained reconfigurable resources and abstract their attributes mainly through their location and area. The authors’ algorithm employs a graph multi‐colouring method to allocate the coarse‐grained reconfigurable resources to custom instructions for RISPs. Experimental results demonstrate that their model and algorithm reinforce a state‐of‐the‐art resource utilisation method for RISPs, and reveals some interesting regularities which provide creditable new insights of reconfigurable resource utilisation.
Reproductive cycle of the blue jack mackerel,Trachurus picturatus(Bowdich, 1825), off the Portuguese continental coast
Authors: Costa Ana Maria
Published: June 2019

This work provides for the first time a description of the reproductive biology ofTrachurus picturatusin Portuguese continental waters (between 41° 49′ and 36° 57′ latitude North). From January 2010 to December 2016 a total of 7409 individuals were sampled from bottom trawlers operating on the northwestern coast of Portugal. The observed sex ratio was 0.56 in favor of the females. Monthly variations in gonadosomatic index, proportion of actively spawning individuals, hepatosomatic index and Fulton′s condition factor were analyzed. More than 60% of spawning individuals were recorded in the first quarter, corresponding to the highest values of GSI, and Fulton's K and hepatosomatic index increased after the start of spawning. The morphometric relationships between total length and gutted weight showed significant correlations (high determination coefficient,r2 > 0.9) and isometric growth (b = 3) for both sexes. Results indicate that the spawning season ofT. picturatusstarts in December and extends until April–May, with a peak in March, which agrees with what has been indicated by other authors for the northeast Atlantic. This work provides important biological information on a species that although not subject to stock assessment is currently the 5th species landed by weight in Portuguese continental waters.
Risikoscores für chronisch nierenkranke Menschen
Authors: Schneider Markus P. , Eckardt Kai-Uwe
Published: June 2019

Was ist neu?

„Tangri“-Formel zur Abschätzung der renalen Prognose Seit kurzem gibt es die Möglichkeit, das Risiko eines Nierenversagens für Patienten im CKD–Stadium G3a–G5 (eGFR 10 – 59 ml/min/1,73 m2) mithilfe der „Tangri“-Formel quantitativ abzuschätzen. Für diese Berechnung benötigt man mindestens die Variablen Alter, Geschlecht, eGFR und Albuminurie (4-Variablen-Formel). Eine erweiterte Formel mit den zusätzlichen Variablen Kalzium, Phosphat, Bikarbonat und Albumin (8-Variablen-Formel) ermöglicht eine noch präzisere Abschätzung.

Modelle des CKD-Prognose-Konsortiums Bei Patienten mit fortgeschrittener CKD im Stadium 4 oder höher (GFR-Kategorie ≥ 4, d. h. eGFR < 30 ml/min/1,73 m2) kann zudem durch neue Modelle des CKD-PC neben dem Risiko für eine terminale Niereninsuffizienz auch das Risiko für kardiovaskuläre Ereignisse und Tod in einem Zeitraum von 2 – 4 Jahren ermittelt werden. Diese neuen Prognoseformeln sind über das Internet öffentlich zugänglich gemacht worden.
Recent Advances in Photoredox Catalysis Enabled Functionalization of α-Amino Acids and Peptides: Concepts, Strategies and Mechanisms
Authors: Liu Jian-Quan , Shatskiy Andrey , Matsuura Bryan S. , Kärkäs Markus D.
Published: June 2019

The selective modification of α-amino acids and peptides constitutes a pivotal arena for accessing new peptide-based materials and therapeutics. In recent years, visible light photoredox catalysis has appeared as a powerful platform for the activation of small molecules via single-electron transfer events, allowing previously inaccessible reaction pathways to be explored. This review outlines the recent advances, mechanistic underpinnings, and opportunities of applying photoredox catalysis to the expansion of the synthetic repertoire for the modification of specific amino acid residues.

1 Introduction

2 Visible-Light-Mediated Functionalization of α-Amino Acids

2.1 Decarboxylative Functionalization Involving Redox-Active Esters

2.2 Direct Decarboxylative Coupling Strategies

2.3 Hypervalent Iodine Reagents

2.4 Dual Photoredox and Transition-Metal Catalysis

2.5 Amination and Deamination Strategies

3 Photoinduced Peptide Diversification

3.1 Gese-Type Bioconjugation Methods

3.2 Peptide Macrocyclization through Photoredox Catalysis

3.3 Biomolecule Conjugation through Arylation

3.4 C–H Functionalization Manifolds

4 Conclusions and Outlook
Standard and Advanced Imaging of Hip Osteoarthritis. What the Radiologist Should Know
Authors: Huang Brady K. , Tan Weiken , Scherer Kurt F. , Rennie Winston , Chung Christine B. , Bancroft Laura W.
Published: June 2019

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip is caused by degeneration of articular cartilage and the underlying bone and can be divided into two types: primary (associated with advancing age) and secondary (subsequent to fractures, avascular necrosis, infection, developmental dysplasia, and femoroacetabular impingement). Radiography remains the first-line imaging modality for diagnosing and monitoring OA, due to its accessibility, low cost, and ease of interpretation. Kellgren-Lawrence and Tönnis classification systems are radiographic OA grading systems used primarily in research, and they reflect the degree of joint space narrowing, sclerosis, cysts, deformity of the femoral head and acetabulum, and osteophytes. Unenhanced computed tomography (CT) provides detailed visualization of the hip joint segments that may be difficult to appreciate on radiographs, such as the inferoposterior and posterolateral hip joint. CT arthrography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and magnetic resonance arthrography with two-dimensional reconstructions can delineate labral abnormalities, cartilage lesions, and other intra-articular hip pathology. T2 and T2* mapping, delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage, T1rho, ultra-short echo time, and zero echo time are investigative MR techniques with promising evaluation of hip OA.
Femoroacetabular Impingement: What the Surgeon Wants to Know
Authors: Rego Paulo , Beaulé Paul E. , Ayeni Olufemi R. , Tey Marc , Marin-Peña Oliver , Dantas Pedro , Wilkin Geoffrey , Grammatopoulos George , Mafra Inês , Smit Kevin , Kurz Adrian Z.
Published: June 2019

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for early hip degeneration in young active patients. The diagnosis depends on clinical examination and proper imaging that should be able to identify abnormal and sometimes subtle morphological changes. Labral tears and cartilage lesions rarely occur without underlying bone abnormalities. Surgical approaches to treat FAI are increasing significantly worldwide, even without a clearly defined consensus of what should be accepted as the standard imaging diagnosis for FAI morphology.

Hip abnormalities encompass many variations related to the shape, size, and spatial orientation of both sides of the joint and can be difficult to characterize if adequate imaging is not available.

This article presents a comprehensive review about the information orthopaedic surgeons need to know from radiologists to plan the most rational approach to a painful hip resulting from a mechanical abnormality.
Evaluation of Parasitological Homeopathic Complex in the Control of Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Peripartum Sheep
Authors: Pacheco Poliana Araújo , Marconato Michael Nunes , dos Reis Letícia Liepkaln , Katiki Luciana Morita , de Paz Cláudia Cristina Paro , da Costa Ricardo Lopes Dias
Published: June 2019

Background The appearance of anthelmintic resistance has made it difficult to control verminosis in sheep, leading to increased research to find alternative nematode control. The use of homeopathy in veterinary medicine has been studied as an alternative for the treatment and control of some diseases. In this study, ewes received an anti-parasitic homeopathic complex medicine during the critical peripartum period of increased susceptibility to nematodes.

Methods Three randomized groups containing 16 animals each were assigned as follows: ‘H10’ received 10 g homeopathic complex added to concentrated food per day; ‘H20’ received 20 g homeopathic complex added to concentrated food per day; ‘C’ (control group) did not receive a homeopathic complex. Animals were tested to evaluate the effect of homeopathy on several health parameters during a period of 110 days.

Results The parasite that prevailed in the copro-cultures of both treatments throughout the experiment was Haemonchus contortus (78.26%). Packed cell volume averages did not present statistically significant differences between the treatments (24.5, 24.4 and 23.9% to C, H10 and H20, respectively; p < 0.05). For total white cell count, lower mean values ( ±  standard error of mean) were observed for the H20 treatment (5,490.9 ± 0.02/µL; p < 0.05), whereas the H10 (5,919.4 ± 0.02/µL) and control (6,098.5 ± 0.02/µL) presented higher and similar averages (p > 0.05). The values for erythrocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes did not show differences between treatments (p > 0.05). Body weight was greater in the H10-treated animals compared with control. For the fecal egg count (FEC) of Trichostrongylidae and Strongyloides spp., respectively, the averages of the H20 treatment (1,523.0 and 30.6) were not different from control (1,616.0 and 31.6) and H10 (1,038.0 and 27.6); for Trichostrongylidae, however, H10 presented a lower FEC than the control (p = 0.02). For Cooperia, H10- and H20-treated animals showed FEC reductions of 97% and 98%, respectively.

Conclusions H20 treatment in peripartum sheep resulted in greater body weight and lower leukocyte count. H10 was associated with lower FEC for Trichostrongylidae. Both H10 and H20 justify a label of ‘effective anthelmintic’ for Cooperia.
Advanced MRI Patterns of Muscle Disease in Inherited and Acquired Myopathies: What the Radiologist Should Know
Authors: Caetano António Proença , Alves Pedro
Published: June 2019

Myopathies represent a heterogeneous group of skeletal muscle disorders characterized by morphological and functional changes in the muscle, such as replacement of muscle tissue by connective tissue, fatty infiltration, and/or inflammation. They can be classified as hereditary, acquired idiopathic, and secondary myopathies.

Diagnosis of hereditary and acquired myopathies is challenging, with often overlapping clinical and pathologic features, and it generally relies on a multimodal approach. Current imaging modalities used in neuromuscular imaging include computed tomography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Topographical patterns of muscle involvement have been described for several myopathies, and they can be identified using whole-body MRI. Indeed, this technique has proven to be an invaluable tool for diagnostic work-up, guidance of muscle biopsy, and biochemical and genetic investigation, as well as disease monitoring and follow-up.
Red Blood Cell Transfusion Practices in the Neurointensive Care Unit: A Narrative Review
Authors: Surve Rohini M. , Bansal Sonia , Muthuchellappan Radhakrishnan
Published: June 2019

Anemia is common in neurointensive care unit (NICU) patients and is one of the common causes of systemic insults to the brain. Though the recent literature favors restrictive blood transfusion practices over liberal transfusion to correct anemia in the general ICU, whether a similar practice can be adopted in NICU patients is doubtful due to lack of strong evidence. Impairment of cerebral autoregulation and cardiac function following acute brain injury affects the body's compensatory mechanism to anemia and renders the brain susceptible to anemic hypoxia at different hemoglobin (Hb) thresholds. Hence, red blood cell transfusion (RBCT) practice based on a single Hb threshold value might be inappropriate. On the other hand, allogenic RBCT has its own risks, both in short and in long run, leading to adverse outcomes. Thus, instead of relying only on arbitrary Hb values, a better way to decide the need for RBCT in NICU patients is to target parameters based on systemic and regional cerebral oxygenation. This approach will help us to individualize RBCT practices. In this narrative review, based on the available literature, authors have discussed the impact of anemia and blood transfusion on the immediate and late neurological outcomes and the current role of regional brain monitoring in guiding blood transfusion practices. In the end, authors have tried to update on the current RBCT practices in neurosurgical and neuromedical patients admitted to the NICU.
Temporoparietal Fascia Free Flap for a Large Nasal Septal Perforation
Authors: Cuccolo Nicholas G. , Cauley Ryan P. , Sieber Brady A. , Hussain Syed M.D. , Chandler Laurel K. , Ibrahim Ahmed M.S. , Lin Samuel J.
Published: June 2019

Reconstruction of large nasal septal perforations can be a considerable challenge for surgeons. Reconstructive modalities are often determined by the size of the defect and the quality of local tissue and vasculature. Local and regional flaps may not provide enough tissue to achieve successful closure in patients with large perforations and those with baseline compromise of the nasal mucosa and blood supply from prior intervention or underlying medical condition. Microvascular free tissue transfer is a possible approach to reconstruction in these patients. We report a case of a 30-year-old man who presented with a large, symptomatic, 4 × 3.5 cm perforation as a result of prior functional septoplasty at an outside hospital. Reconstruction of the defect was accomplished in this setting with a free temporoparietal fascia (TPF) flap anastomosed to the columellar branch of the labial artery and the angular vein. Postoperative follow-up visits showed successful closure of the perforation without complications. As illustrated by this case, TPF flap is a versatile tool for complex nasal reconstructions. With minimal donor-site morbidity and rich vascularity capable of promoting remucosalization without the need for prelamination, the TPF flap may be suited for the repair of large nasoseptal perforations.
Screening Young Children for Latent Tuberculosis in England: Lessons Learned from the Field
Authors: Phipps Emily , Clear Anita , Holland Margaret , Shahidi Mitra , Tamne Surinder , Cohen Jonathan , Mearkle Rachel , Morris Jill
Published: June 2019

Objective Tuberculosis (TB) can affect young children, resulting in serious disease at a young age or reactivation later in life. Identifying cases of latent TB infection (LTBI) in children exposed to active cases is important to prevent morbidity and mortality. There is currently limited guidance on appropriate testing methods in situations involving mass screening of children in low TB incidence settings such as England. This study describes case reports of two separate occasions in which nursery-age children in England underwent LTBI screening and explores the decisions involved in choosing the most appropriate test and screening process.

Methods A literature search, review of health protection case and incident management notes, and interviews with key stakeholders were conducted.

Results Two different tests—tuberculin skin testing and interferon gamma release assay—were used in each respective screening situation and the decision between the two was taken based on cohort, organizational, and index case risk factors. Screening took place in dedicated secondary care clinics. No cases of LTBI were identified from either screening incident.

Conclusion Our study highlights the lack of definitive guidance for mass LTBI screening of young children and presents the approaches to decision making that can be adopted by others. Further research is required to test the approach suggested in this article and to ensure that evidence-based national guidance provides a consistent and effective approach to such incidents.
Coherent two-dimensional Fourier transform spectroscopy using a 25 Tesla resistive magnet
Authors: Paul Jagannath , Stevens Christopher. E. , Smith Ryan P. , Dey Prasenjit , Mapara Varun , Semenov Dimitry , McGill Steven A. , Kaindl Robert A. , Hilton David J. , Karaiskaj Denis
Published: June 2019

We performed nonlinear optical two-dimensional Fourier transform spectroscopy measurements using an optical resistive high-field magnet on GaAs quantum wells. Magnetic fields up to 25 T can be achieved using the split helix resistive magnet. Two-dimensional spectroscopy measurements based on the coherent four-wave mixing signal require phase stability. Therefore, these measurements are difficult to perform in environments prone to mechanical vibrations. Large resistive magnets use extensive quantities of cooling water, which causes mechanical vibrations, making two-dimensional Fourier transform spectroscopy very challenging. Here, we report on the strategies we used to overcome these challenges and maintain the required phase-stability throughout the measurement. A self-contained portable platform was used to set up the experiments within the time frame provided by a user facility. Furthermore, this platform was floated above the optical table in order to isolate it from vibrations originating from the resistive magnet. Finally, we present two-dimensional Fourier transform spectra obtained from GaAs quantum wells at magnetic fields up to 25 T and demonstrate the utility of this technique in providing important details, which are obscured in one dimensional spectroscopy.
Cross-shaped nanostructures for the study of spin to charge inter-conversion using spin-orbit coupling in non-magnetic materials
Authors: Pham V. T. , Vila L. , Zahnd G. , Noël P. , Marty A. , Attané J. P.
Published: June 2019

Several spin–orbit effects allow performing spin to charge interconversion due to the spin Hall effects or the spin-momentum locking at Rashba interfaces and topological insulator surface states. Here, we focus on how these interconversions can be made electrically, using three different cross-shaped nanostructures. We apply the measurement configurations to the case of the spin Hall effect in Pt using CoFe electrodes to detect or inject spins. Both the direct and inverse spin Hall effects can be detected, with spin Hall signals up to two orders of magnitude higher than that of nonlocal measurements in metallic lateral spin valves, and with a much simpler fabrication protocol. We compare the respective signal amplitude of the three proposed geometries. Finally, we show that finite element method calculations allow extracting the spin Hall angle and the spin diffusion length of Pt from these measurements.
Ultrafast photocarrier dynamics in a 3D Dirac semimetal Cd3As2 film studied with terahertz spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Wenjie , Yang Yunkun , Suo Peng , Zhao Wanying , Guo Jiajia , Lu Qi , Lin Xian , Jin Zuanming , Wang Lin , Chen Gang , Xiu Faxian , Liu Weimin , Zhang Chao , Ma Guohong
Published: June 2019

By employing optical pump Terahertz (THz) probe spectroscopy, a three dimensional (3D) Dirac semimetal, Cd3As2 film, was investigated systematically at room temperature. After photoexcitation at 400/800 nm, the rise time of photoenhanced THz photoconductivity (PC) is about ∼1.0 ps, increasing slightly with the pump fluence, in which time scale, photoexcited electrons and holes establish separate Fermi distribution with electrons in the conduction band and holes in the valence band via fast carrier-carrier scattering and carrier-phonon coupling. The subsequent THz PC relaxation shows single exponential decay with a time constant of ∼6.0 ps that is independent of pump fluence. The relaxation process is dominated by the electron-hole recombination via a radiative and nonradiative way, which is mediated by the phonon-phonon scattering. The optically induced THz complex PC can be well fitted with the Drude-Smith model. Our experimental results shed light on understanding the photocarrier dynamics of the 3D Dirac semimetal materials at THz frequency.