bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrated bioinformatics analysis of microarray data from the GEO database to identify the candidate genes linked to poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Xiaoling , Li Lu , Xie Xueqin , Zhuang Duohan , Hu Chunsheng
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most common cancers with high morbidity and mortality and remains a crucial factor endangering human health. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to elucidate the potential treatment target and prognostic biomarker in patients with LUAD through a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. METHODS: The three public microarray datasets of GSE118370, GSE116959, and GSE43767 were obtained from the GEO data resource. The DEGs were explored between LUAD and non-malignant samples using GEO2R online tool in GEO data resource. GO along with KEGG analysis of DEGs were examined using WebGestalt tool. The STRING web resource was employed to develop the PPI network of DEGs, whereas Cytoscape software was employed to perform module analysis. Finally, the mRNA, protein expression along with survival analysis of hub genes were explored via GEPIA, HPA along with Kaplan-Meier plotter web resource, respectively. RESULTS: Only 82 upregulated and 105 downregulated DEGs were found among the three datasets. Further, GO analysis illustrated that 187 DEGs were primary enriched in extracellular structure organization, tube development along with cell adhesion. The KEGG enrichments showed that these DEGs were primary linked to leukocyte transendothelial migration, vascular smooth muscle contraction along with ECM-receptor interaction. Among the 187 DEGs, the 10 hub genes (P4HB, SPP1, CP, GOLM1, COL1A1, MMP9, COL10A1, APOA1, COL4A6, and TIMP1) were identified. The mRNA along with protein levels of hub genes in LUAD tissues were further verified by Oncomine, UCSC Xena, GEPIA and HPA databases. Additionally, overall survival curves illustrated that LUAD patients with the higher levels of P4HB, SPP1, COL1A1, and MMP9 were dramatically linked to shorter overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: The current study identified DEGs candidate genes (P4HB, SPP1, COL1A1, and MMP9) and pathways in LUAD using bioinformatics analysis, which could enhance our understanding of pathogenesis along with underlying molecular events in LUAD, and these hub genes and pathways may help provide candidate treatment targets for LUAD.
A novel multi-view X-ray digital imaging stitching algorithm
Authors: Kang Yang , Wu Rui , Wu Sen , Li Peizheng , Li Qingpei , Cao Kun , Tan Tingting , Li Yingrui , Zha Gangqiang
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:

In fan beam X-ray imaging applications, several X-ray images sometimes need to be stitched together into a panoramic image because of the size limitations of the detector.

OBJECTIVE:

This study aims to propose a novel multi-view X-ray digital imaging stitching algorithm (MVS) based on the CdZnTe photon counting linear array detectors to solve the problem of fan beam X-ray stitching deformation.

METHODS:

The panoramic image is generated in four steps including (1) multi-view projection data acquisition, (2) overlapping positioning, (3) weighted fusion and (4) projected pixel value calculation. Images of a globe and foot are scanned by fan beam X-rays and a CdZnTe detector. The proposed method is applied to stitch together the scanned images of the globe. Three other methods are also used for comparison. Finally, this MVS algorithm is also used in the stitching of scanned images of the foot.

RESULTS:

Compared with the 50% stitching accuracy of other methods, the new MVS algorithm reached a stitching accuracy of 94.4%. Image distortion on the globe and feet is also eliminated and thus image quality is significantly improved.

CONCLUSIONS:

This study proposes a new multi-view X-ray digital imaging stitching algorithm. Study results demonstrate the superiority of this new algorithm and its feasibility in practical applications.
Reporte de Mercados Financieros - segundo trimestre de 2010
Authors: Vargas Hernando , Tolosa José , Cardozo Pamela , Gómez José Eduardo , Benítez Sandra , Rojas Juan Sebastián , Buitrago María Alejandra , Leiton Karen , Patiño Lina , Venegas Tatiana , Periñán María de los Ángeles , Ramírez María Fernanda
Published: November 2022

Este reporte hace una descripción del comportamiento de los mercados financieros colombianos, y realiza comparaciones internacionales. El análisis se centra en el periodo comprendido entre abril y junio de 2010, meses en los que algunas medidas de percepción de riesgo internacional aumentaron, principalmente por la incertidumbre con respecto a la capacidad de pago de Grecia, Portugal y España, que tuvo como consecuencia la reducción en sus calificaciones de deuda.
COCCINEA GRANDIS (L.) VOIGT. (CUCURBITACEAE): MORFOLOGI DAN PERSEBARANNYA DI PAPUA
Authors: Louisyane Puhili Amelia , Chikmawati Tatik , Rugayah Rugayah
Published: November 2022

Coccinia grandis yang dikoleksi dari Jayapura memiliki dua varian yang berbeda pada bentuk, ukuran buah, dan corak buahnya. Pertelaan dan kunci determinasi kedua varian disajikan dalam makalah ini.
Effects of 8-Week Anaerobic Gymnastics Training on Weight Loss and Related Growth Factors in Obese Children: A Clinical Trial
Authors:   Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran., Saleh Vahid , Afroundeh Roghayyeh ,   Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
Published: November 2022

Background: Overweight and obesity are prominent threats to pediatric health. The prevalence of childhood obesity has dramatically been increasing worldwide. Objectives: In this study, we analyze the effects of 8-week anaerobic gymnastic training on weight loss and related growth factors in obese children. Methods: In this clinical trial study, 30 obese elementary gymnasts in the age range of 8 to 12 years were randomly divided into control (n=15) and experimental (n=15) groups. The experimental group performed 45 minutes of anaerobic gymnastics training. Anthropometrical and body composition characteristics, maximal oxygen consumption, and the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and vascular endothelial growth factor were measured before and after 8 weeks of training. Results: At the baseline, there were no significant differences for any of the dependent variables between the two groups (P≥0.05). After 8 weeks of training, values of weight, waist-hip ratio, body fat percentage, body fat weight, lean body weight, and maximal heart rate decreased significantly (P<0.05) while maximal oxygen consumption and BDNF increased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusions: We concluded that weight loss because of anaerobic gymnastic training may lead to a high serum concentration of BDNF. High BDNF may help in maintaining a reduced weight after intervention for obesity and may increase fat oxidation. The inhibitory effects of weight loss on vascular endothelial growth factor may have abolished the stimulatory effects of exercise and prevented a significant increase in the vascular endothelial growth factor level.
Prevalence of Eating Disorders in Iran From Preschool to Old Age: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors:   Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Hashemi Seyede Hakime , Hosseini Seyed Hamzeh ,   Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran., Moosazadeh Mahmood ,   Non-communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran., Shamspour Marjan ,   Department of Psychiatry, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran., Hajizadeh-Zaker Reihaneh ,   Islamic Republic of Iran Navy, Golestan Hospital, Tehran, Iran., Hashemi Seyed Bagher ,   Research Student Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Published: November 2022

Background: Eating disorders are among the deadliest psychiatric diseases that have become increasingly prevalent in different societies in recent years. Various biological, social, and psychological factors are involved in the emergence of different types of eating disorders. Several studies have been conducted by medical and non-medical researchers in Iran to estimate the prevalence of this disorder and its subcategories, which have been associated with different epidemiological methodologies and instruments and inconsistent results. Objectives: This study aims to statistically analyze all available findings to determine the total estimate of the prevalence of eating disorders in the general population of Iran and to investigate the reasons for the heterogenous results in previous studies. Methods: The articles were collected by searching the following databases: SID, Magiran, Irandoc, Iran Medex, PubMed, and Google Scholar. All studies evaluating the prevalence of eating disorders in any region of Iran from 1990 to the end of 2021 were included in the study. Meanwhile, articles that were irrelevant in terms of subject or methodology were excluded. Three researchers independently extracted the data from the articles based on a pre-prepared list that included the author’s name, study title, year of publication, journal name, city and study population, sample size, study instruments, and eating disorder prevalence. Results: The estimated point prevalence of any eating disorder in Iran was 22% (95% CI, 7%-38%). The estimated lifetime prevalence of eating disorder, anorexia nervosa, and bulimia nervosa was 1% (95% CI, 1%-2%), 1% (95% CI, 0%-1%), and 1% (95% CI, 0%-1%), respectively. Conclusions: The prevalence of eating disorders and its subcategories is much lower in Iran compared to high-income and developed countries. The available data are insufficient to determine the exact prevalence of this disorder in the general population, especially among Iranian men.
"The Beerdrinker", "the Butcher" and "the Snake": the Nicknames of Roman Emperors of the Late 4th - Early 6th Centuries AD
Authors:   Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vedeshkin Mikhail
Published: November 2022

This article is part of a series of papers on late Roman emperors’ nicknames, which began with the study of unofficial names of Flavius Claudius Julianus. The analysis of informal naming of rulers from the dynasties of Valentinian-Theodosius, Leo and the last augusti of the Western Roman Empire offers insights into how certain aspects of their ruling practices were perceived by various strata of society and makes it possible to trace the metamorphoses of their images in later tradition.
Incompatibility and interchangeability in molecular evolution
Authors: Sloan Daniel , Warren Jessica , Williams Alissa , Kuster Shady , Forsythe Evan
Published: November 2022

There is remarkable variation in the rate at which genetic incompatibilities in molecular interactions accumulate. In some cases, minor changes – even single nucleotide substitutions – create major epistatic incompatibilities when hybridization forces new variants to function in a novel genetic background from an isolated population. In other cases, genes or even entire functional pathways can be horizontally transferred between anciently divergent evolutionary lineages that span the tree of life with little evidence of incompatibilities. In this review, we explore whether there are general principles that can explain why certain genes are prone to epistatic incompatibilities while others maintain interchangeability. We summarize evidence pointing to four genetic features that may contribute to greater resistance to functional replacement: 1) function in multisubunit enzyme complexes and protein-protein interactions, 2) sensitivity to changes in gene dosage, 3) rapid rate of sequence evolution, and 4) overall importance to cell viability, which creates sensitivity to small perturbations in molecular function. We discuss the relative levels of support for these different hypotheses and lay out future directions that may help explain the striking contrasts in patterns of incompatibility and interchangeability throughout the history of molecular evolution.
Nanocellulose–cationic starch– colloidal silica systems for papermaking: Effects on process and paper properties
Authors: GARLAND LARDEN J. , LIEB BRANDON D. , BARRIOS NELSON A. , HUBBE MARTIN A.
Published: November 2022

Laboratory tests were conducted to better understand effects on the papermaking process and handsheets when recycled copy paper furnish was treated with combinations of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), cat-ionic starch, colloidal silica, and cationic retention aid (cPAM; cationic polyacrylamide). Dosage-response experiments helped to define conditions leading to favorable processing outcomes, including dewatering rates and the efficiency of fine-particle retention during papermaking. Effects were found to depend on the addition amounts of cationic starch and colloidal silica added to the system. It was shown that the presence of a polymer additive such as cationic starch was essential in order to achieve large strength gains with simultaneous usage of NFC.
Trends and Challenges of Teaching English Grammar and Vocabulary under Befaqul Madarisil Arabia Bangladesh
Authors: Md. Abdul Karim Ruman
Published: November 2022

English, being an optional subject, does not enjoy as much importance as other religious subjects in Qawmi madrasas [Islamic educational institutes] of Bangladesh. Since the government of Bangladesh recognized the highest degree of the said academy as equivalent to a Master’s in Arabic or Islamic Studies from a university, it is significant to explore the English language competence of BEFAQ [Befaqul Madarisil Arabia Bangladesh] graduates who subsequently might opt for similar careers because the English language proficiency is an indispensable prerequisite to the current competitive job market. My previous study focused on the English language education of macro-level skills in the institutions in the title, and this article concentrates on the development of micro-level skills, i.e., grammar and vocabulary teaching to the same research population. In fact, an abundant stock of words and a knowledge of grammar-use are required for anybody who wants to use a language. Integrating the data collected from questionnaires, interviews and classroom observations, it is found that Grammar-Translation Method is implemented in English language teaching, especially grammar and vocabulary. To be more specific, deductive demonstration of grammatical rules and examples and memorization of word meanings from a bilingual word list are the regular teaching-learning activities found in these institutions. Consequently, the students cannot be able to carry out their communication purposes in English which indeed should have been their principal goal, as implied in the English course objective of madrasa education. Hence, some recommendations are suggested to the policymakers as well as curriculum and textbook designers with expected support from the government and private donors.
Review of The Rise of AI: Implications and Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Academic Libraries
Authors: Kramer Whitney
Published: November 2022

Review of Hervieux, S. & Wheatley, A. (Eds.). (200). The Rise of AI: Implications and Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Academic Libraries. Chicago, IL: Association of College and Research Libraries.
Empirical Voronoi wavelets
Authors: Gilles Jerome
Published: November 2022

Recently, the construction of 2D empirical wavelets based on partitioning the Fourier domain with the watershed transform has been proposed. If such approach can build partitions of completely arbitrary shapes, for some applications, it is desirable to keep a certain level of regularity in the geometry of the obtained partitions. In this paper, we propose to build such partition using Voronoi diagrams. This solution allows us to keep a high level of adaptability while guaranteeing a minimum level of geometric regularity in the detected partition.
RASCH MODELLING TO EVALUATE REASONING DIFFICULTIES, CHANGES OF RESPONSES, AND ITEM MISCONCEPTION PATTERN OF HYDROLYSIS
Authors: Laliyo Lukman A. R. , La Kilo Akram , Paputungan Mardjan , Kunusa Wiwin Rewini , Dama Lilan , Panigoro Citra
Published: November 2022

This study evaluates the difficulties in concept reasoning, changes in response patterns, and item misconception hydrolysis patterns using Rasch modeling. Data were collected through the development of 30 distractor-based diagnostic test items, measuring ten levels of conceptual reasoning ability in three types of salt hydrolysis compounds: 〖〖Na〗_5 P〗_3 O_10, NaOCl and 〖〖(NH〗_4)〗_2 〖SO〗_4. These 30 written test items were completed by 849 students in Gorontalo, Indonesia. The findings show empirical evidence of the reliability and validity of the measurement. Further analysis found that the students’ reasoning difficulty levels of the concept of saline solutions were varied; the calculation of saline solution’s pH level is the most difficult construct to reason. In particular items, changes in response patterns were found; the misconception curve showed a declining trend and disappeared along with the increase of comprehension along the spectrum of students’ abilities. The item misconceptions pattern was found repeatedly in similar items. This finding strengthens the conclusion that resistant misconceptions potentially tend to cause students' conceptual reasoning difficulties and are difficult to diagnose in conventional ways. This study contributes to developing ways of diagnosing resistant misconceptions and being a reference for teachers and researchers in evaluating students' chemical conceptual reasoning difficulties based on Rasch modeling.
Keywords: reasoning difficulties, hydrolysis, misconception, Rasch model.
DEVELOPING COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE IN DIGITAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS FOR PRIMARY SCIENCE STUDENTS
Authors: Legvart Polonca , Kordigel Aberšek Metka , Kerneža Maja
Published: November 2022

Effective natural science teaching in primary schools helps students to form and change their conceptions about nature and natural processes. This is only possible through communicating about learners’ existing misconceptions and the process of transforming them into correct scientific concepts – using a socio-constructivist learning approach. The aim of this study was to find out what happens when the natural science teaching/learning process moves into digital learning environments. Immediately after the end of the Covid-induced school lock down, a sample of 183 first-, second- and third-grade teachers in Slovenia were asked to report about what happened in their science classes during the 11-week school lock down. The results reveal problems originating in very limited digital literacy competences as well as a lack of basic skills (in the first grade), and slowly emerging basic literacy in grades two and three. This had a great impact on the communication between teachers and students and between students themselves. According to research results, the problem significantly affects science teaching and is particularly urgent in didactics of chemistry and physics.
Keywords: basic literacy, communication competence, digital literacy, primary school, science class, socio-constructivist learning approach
EFFECTS OF SOCIO-SCIENTIFIC ISSUES BASED ON THINKING MAPS APPROACH ON FUTURE THINKING OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Siew Nyet Moi , Abd Rahman Mohammad Syafiq
Published: November 2022

This study was conducted to examine the effects of the socio-scientific issue (SSI) approach assisted by the future thinking map (FTM) on five constructs of future thinking, namely i) understanding the current situation, ii) identifying the trends, iii) analyzing the relevant drivers, iv) synthesizing the possibilities or needs of the future and v) choosing with the justification of the desired future. The future-thinking test instrument was developed to measure the level of future thinking. A quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test control group design was employed. A total of 255 form four students (age 16) from three randomly selected rural secondary schools in Tawau District, Malaysia were assigned to i) SSI-FTM (n = 85), ii) SSI (n = 85), and iii) conventional (CV, n = 85) teaching and learning (TL) strategies. The results of the MANCOVA analysis showed that there was a statistically significant effect across all three groups of TL strategies. The ANCOVA analysis showed that there was a statistically significant effect of the SSI-FTM TL strategies compared to the SSI and CV TL strategies on the five future thinking constructs. The quasi-experimental study proves that the SSI-FTM TL strategy is effective in nurturing future thinking among form four students in science lessons.
Keywords: future thinking, future thinking map, secondary schools, socio-scientific issue
Burnout en estudiantes de enfermería en las prácticas hospitalarias en áreas críticas
Authors: Balseca Narváez Jaime Rolando , Armas Freire Paulina Isabel , Cuvi Freire Gabriela Silvana , Reyes Castillo Jeaneth Verónica
Published: November 2022

Introducción: en muchas ocasiones los estudiantes de enfermería se enfrentan a diversas presiones, como ocurre en personas que estudian y trabajan, de igual manera, al avanzar en la carrera aumenta el nivel de exigencia en los estudiantes, así como en la realización de prácticas clínicas en unidades críticas, esto puede conllevar a que los estudiantes presenten síntomas de burnout académico. Objetivos: se realizó una investigación, la cual determino el nivel de burnout en los estudiantes de enfermería del octavo semestre de la Universidad Central del Ecuador, al realizar prácticas hospitalarias en las unidades críticas. Metodología: fue cuantitativa, diseño de campo, descriptivo y transversal. Para la recolección de los datos, la muestra seleccionada fueron los estudiantes del octavo semestre de la carrera de enfermería, que han realizado prácticas hospitalarias en áreas críticas como lo son las emergencias y las UCIs. Resultados: la carrera de enfermería es cursada mayormente por mujeres de edades jóvenes, algunas de ellas tienen empleo lo que les genera estrés, aumentando el riesgo de presentar el síndrome de burnout, por otro lado, las prácticas hospitalarias en áreas críticas, así como la exigencia académica y el nivel de dificultad de las pruebas aumenta a medida que el estudiante avanza en la carrera. En cuanto, al síndrome de burnout, se evidenció que, gran parte de los estudiantes presentan cansancio emocional nivel medio y alto, con respecto a la despersonalización, predominó el nivel alto y en la realización personal en los niveles alto y medio. Conclusiones: gran parte de la población estudiantil está de acuerdo con la realización de prácticas hospitalarias en áreas críticas, ya que esto les ayuda a desarrollar habilidades y destrezas en la atención al paciente, así como ampliar sus conocimientos en diversas patologías y procedimientos; sin embargo, son estas generadoras del burnout académico. Área de estudio: educación, psicología.
Pattern of Tobacco Use Among the Students of Selected Public and Private Universities
Authors: Hira Hasina Momotaj , Chowdhury Md Wahid
Published: November 2022

Background: The objective of the study performed were to compare the pattern of tobacco use among the students of selected public and private universities. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted on 250 students of Dhaka University and East West University who were selected by convenient non probability sampling technique by face-to-face interview using a written questionnaire which was pre-tested on small number of students of NIPSOM. During the study period (January to June 2011) data concerning socio-demographic differentials with distribution, duration and pattern of smoking, per day frequency, smoking-initiation, daily expenditure for smoking and relation of type of university to tobacco use. Results: 61.2% was male and 38.8% was female and their age ranged between 18 to 29 years. 31.6% was habituated to tobacco use. 38.4% and 24.8% were habituated of smoking in public and private university respectively. Pattern of smoking showed that 59.5% had used filter tipped cigarette and 32.91% had used plain cigarette among the smokers. The mean smoking duration was 2.2 years, per day mean frequency was 8.58 times, mean daily expenditure for smoking was Tk. 49.70 and 56.96% initiated their smoking by friends. Conclusion: There was restriction of tobacco use in private university campus, but in public university, there was no restriction. Restriction of tobacco use in campus and an effective awareness program is required to discourage the use of tobacco.

JCMCTA 2019 ; 30 (1) : 16-20
EKSPLORASI KONSEP MATEMATIKA PADA BANGUNAN MENARA SIGER LAMPUNG
Authors: Merliza Pika
Published: November 2022

Etnomatematika adalah suatu upaya untuk menemukan konsep matematika yang terintegrasi pada suatu budaya. Pengkaitan matematika dan nilai budaya dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber belajar matematika yang lebih bermakna bagi peserta didik. Unsur-unsur budaya tersebut dapat berupa kain tradisional, makanan tradisional, tradisi dan budaya setempat, bangunan-bangunan bernilai budaya dan sebagainya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengeksplorasi unsur matematika pada bangunan di Provinsi Lampung, yakni Menara Siger Lampung. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini diantaranya pengamatan langsung, wawancara, serta studi literatur. Teknik analisis data menggunakan skema interaktif Miles and Huberman, terdiri dari tahap reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  bangunan menara siger lampung yang menjadi ikon bagi masyarakat Lampung mengandung unsur-unsur matematika sekolah, diantaranya bilangan, bangun datar, bangun ruang, serta simetri lipat.
Sistem Distribusi Data Kontrol Pada Differential Drive Mobile Robot Menggunakan Robot Operating System
Authors: Al Azhar Gillang , Winarno Totok , Izza Syarifatul
Published: November 2022

Pada umumnya mikrokontroler untuk menggerakkan sistem robot hanya menggunakan satu buah saja. Hal ini dapat mengakibatkan berlebihnya beban yang diterima oleh mikrokontroler. Kelebihan beban pada mikrokontroler mengakibatkan tidak akuratnya waktu sampling yang digunakan pada sistem robot tersebut dan dapat berujung pada error atau hank pada robot. Untuk mengurangi terjadinya error, maka diujicobakan sistem multikontroler pada robot Differential Drive(DDMR). Sistem distribusi data antar kontroler memanfaatkan protokol komunikasi serial I2C, dan komunikasi antara kontroler dengan mini komputer menggunakan protokol rosserial yang disediakan oleh Robot Operating System (ROS). Hasil yang didapatkan untuk melakukan distribusi data dengan serial I2C membutuhkan waktu sebesar 1.4 ms, sedangkan untuk melakukan komunikasi ketiga slave dibutuhkan waktu sebesar 4.18 ms, dengan waktu untuk saling berkomunikasi antara master dan slave didapatkan sebesar 8.36 ms. Untuk distribusi dengan rosserial dibutuhkan sebesar 4.7 ms. Sehingga total waktu untuk distribusi data sebesar 13.06 ms. Pengujian juga dilakukan ketika robot menjalankan algoritma lain yang dibutuhkan, dan menghasilkan rata - rata waktu sampling sebesar 63.5 ms.  Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan sistem multi kontroler dengan distribusi data menggunakan Serial I2C dan rosserial dapat berjalan secara optimal, karena waktu sampling yang dibutuhkan masih lebih cepat dari 80 ms.
An Evaluation of COVID-19 Infected Patients Using the Strannik Virtual Scanning Test
Authors: GW Ewing , EN Ewing
Published: November 2022

The medical profession lacks a screening modality which can provide a rapid and inexpensive screen of the patient’s health. The Strannik technology – which is based upon a mathematical model of the digital relationship between sense perception, brain function, the stable and coherent function of the autonomic nervous system and/or physiological systems, and cellular and molecular biology – has been proposed for this task. An opportunity arose to evaluate how the Strannik Virtual Scanning (SVS) test was able to determine the pathological correlates of two patients who had recently been diagnosed, using a lateral flow test, with COVID-19. This report illustrates how, in the hands of trained and competent practitioners, this test was able to precisely determine the complex range of pathological correlates which had evolved in these patients over many years including the pathological correlates or comorbidities arising from the infection. It reports the many and various medical conditions known to be of concern to the two patients, which were correctly determined by the SVS test, and also indicates how COVID-19 influences the function of the nose, brain, and conceivably also the heart, lungs, kidneys and liver. Nevertheless, it should be noted that the two patients are not severely affected or inconvenienced by the COVID-19 viral infection and hence that the scale of the medical conditions in these patients are evident but are not especially pronounced. It presents to the NHS an excellent and inexpensive way to screen the health of most patients e.g. it could be possible to screen the complex genetic and phenotypic profile in >50M of the UK’s ca 65+M population for ca £3BN pa and it solves the problem identified by McShane that the NHS does not currently have the technological capacity to inexpensively screen and treat patients who have complex multi-systemic and multi-pathological conditions.
A Review of On the Psychobiological Differences among Tetrahydrocannabinol, Cannabinol, Cannabidiol and Cannabigerol
Authors: Messina Giusy , Rovelli Franco , Lissoni Paolo
Published: November 2022

The endocannabinoid system plays a physiological natural anti-inflammatory anticancer role and the pharmacological effects of cannabinoids from Cannabis plant simply reflect the action of the endogenous ones. Therefore, from a therapeutic point of view Cannabis plant cannot be understood without taking into consideration the physio-pathological role of the endocannabinoid system. Despite the great number of potentially therapeutic molecules with the Cannabis plant, they may be synthetized within four archetypic molecules, which consist of tetra-hydro-cannabinol (THC), cannabinol (CBN), cannabigerol (CBG) and cannabidiol (CBD). All molecules play a similar anticancer activity, whereas their psychological effects are different. THC is the only psychotropic sychedelic cannabinoid, whereas the other three cannabinoids have no psychotropic effect, but exert an important anxiolytic activity. Moreover, only THC acts as a direct enzyme responsible for annabinoid degradation, by enhancing the endogenous cannabinoid content. Unfortunately, despite the great number of experimental studies, the clinical use of cannabinoids in the treatment of systemic human diseases is still at the beginning.
Analisis Perbaikan Kualitas Proses Produksi di PT. XYZ Dengan Menggunakan Metode Fuzzy FMEA
Authors: Made Ayu Chyntia Dewi Puspitaloka  , Yurida Ekawati
Published: November 2022

Pengendalian kualitas merupakan tindakan perbaikan dan evaluasi untuk mencegah dan meminimalkan produk cacat dari hasil produksi. PT. XYZ adalah perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang industri makanan roti yang proses pembuatannya menggunakan tenaga manusia dan mesin. PT. XYZ memproduksi beberapa roti yaitu COK2, CKPJ, KW, dan SMSJ. Selama proses produksi di PT. XYZ ditemukan produk afkir yang harus dilakukan sebuah perbaikan. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah FMEA dengan pendekatan fuzzy. Metode FMEA dapat mengidentifikasi potensi kegagalan, namun memiliki kelemahan yaitu nilai RPN dapat menghasilkan nilai yang identik. Kelemahan tersebut dapat diusulkan dengan pendekatan fuzzy. Pendekatan fuzzy yang digunakan adalah fuzzy inference system (FIS) yang menggunakan konsep Mamdani berdasarkan aturan linguistik melalui tahapan fuzzifikasi, if-then rules, dan defuzzifikasi yang menghasilkan nilai fuzzy RPN (FRPN). Perhitungan FRPN dengan bantuan software MATLAB dapat menentukan prioritas perbaikan pada produk roti. Prioritas perbaikan yang akan dilakukan berada pada peringkat 1-5. Implementasi perbaikan yang dilakukan adalah pelatihan operator mixing dan oven, maintenance mesin forming dan oven, perbaikan jalan yang tidak rata menuju mesin oven, dan peristirahatan mesin forming selama 1 jam setiap pergantian produksi. Selain itu, usulan perbaikan lainnya adalah pemeriksaan mesin forming dan oven setiap per satu minggu dan penggunaan form checksheet untuk memudahkan bagian karyawan maintenance memeriksa serta memperbaiki apabila ditemukan kendala yang terjadi pada mesin di PT. XYZ. Hasil implementasi dapat mengurangi kecacatan produk mencapai 1%.
When the Nail Appearance Plays Tricks: A Case of Longitudinal Melanonychia
Authors: Starace Michela , Piraccini Bianca Maria , Brandi Nicolò , Alessandrini Aurora
Published: November 2022

A paediatric nail consultation is often required to reduce parents’ concerns regarding their child’s abnormal nail appearance. Nail pigmentation in children is a dermatological challenge because guidelines are not standardised, causing many doubts for dermatologists. In general, the majority of cases of melanonychia are benign in children and nail melanoma cases are very rare. However, alarming clinical and dermoscopic features can be observed, requiring nail surgery to confirm a diagnosis. Here, we present a case of longitudinal melanonychia in a teenager with atypical signs and a good prognosis.
Developments in the Treatment and Management of Psoriasis
Authors: Shadanbaz Shaylin
Published: November 2022

The oral session consisted of a talk on the 2-year efficacy and safety of guselkumab in the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis from the Phase III VOYAGE 1 trial. This was followed by an oral session consisting of presentations regarding the clinical efficacy of tildrakizumab in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis over 2 years of treatment, presented from the two Phase III trials, reSURFACE 1 and 2. In the poster session, data were presented on the association between psoriasis and severity index measures, the distribution of improvement measures in psoriasis, and the efficacy of guselkumab in treatment-experienced patients, as well as its impact on the comorbidities of anxiety and depression.
From Registry Data to Real-Life Experiences: A Holistic Perspective of Psoriasis Treatment
Authors: Lozano-Wilhelmi Marta
Published: November 2022

Registries provide very high-quality data on the persistence of different therapies in the real world and can be used to compare and guide therapeutic guidelines. Dr Warren gave an overview of the different types of registries that capture data on patients with psoriasis. Furthermore, he discussed findings from the British Association of Dermatologists Biological Interventions Register (BADBIR), the Psoriasis Longitudinal Assessment and Registry (PSOLAR), and the Danish Biologic Interventions Registry (DERMBIO) data that help to gain insight on how best to prescribe drugs in a clinical setting. Prof Puig and Prof Gniadecki presented cases encountered in clinical practice to illustrate how real-world data can support the clinical decision-making process. Throughout their presentations, Prof Puig and Prof Gniadecki engaged the audience in interactive discussion on how to improve patient monitoring and management of comorbidities, and addressed issues such as drug survival, safety, and economics.
Chronic Urticaria in Children: A Review
Authors: Del Pozzo-Magaña Blanca R.
Published: November 2022

Chronic urticaria (CU) is characterised by the recurrence of hives/angioedema for >6 weeks. It affects children and adults and has a worldwide distribution. In children, CU is substantially less common than acute urticaria but is associated with larger decrease in quality of life. The current classification divides CU into two groups: 1) chronic spontaneous urticaria, which includes idiopathic urticaria (by far the most common type), autoimmune urticaria, and those associated with drugs, food, or additives allergies; and 2) chronic inducible urticaria, constituted by cholinergic urticaria and physical urticarias. Diagnosis of CU is based on the history and characteristics of the lesions. Although laboratory and specific testing could establish the diagnosis of some subtypes of CU, frequently the aetiology is never found; therefore, an extensive workup is not recommended. Once the trigger has been identified, it must be avoided. Specific treatment may be tried, but unfortunately this is not always possible. Currently, the first-line treatment for children with CU are second generation H1-antihistamines (SG-H1AH), such as cetirizine, fexofenadine, desloratadine, and rupatadine, among others. If, after 2–4 weeks, the patient has not improved, an increment from 2 to 4-times the regular dose is recommended. Patients that fail to respond to this treatment may be switched to another SG-H1AH or a second agent, such as H2-antihistamines (e.g., cimetidine, ranitidine), ketotifen, cyclosporine, or a leukotriene receptor inhibitor (e.g., montelukast), may be added to the H1-antihistamine therapy. Recently, omalizumab, an anti-immunoglobin-E monoclonal antibody has been approved in several jurisdictions for patients 12 years or older with recalcitrant CU; however, its high cost has limited its use.
Value in Psoriasis Care: From Patients to Payers
Authors: Mayor Susan
Published: November 2022

The symposium explored new approaches to optimising the value of psoriasis management from the perspective of physicians, patients, and healthcare systems, drawing on research and evidence from real world clinical practice. The value in improving the management of psoriasis means boosting the efficacy of patient management, improving the power of outcomes measurement, raising the quality of care, and working more effectively with payers.

Many patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis do not currently receive high quality care and are often undertreated, with many not receiving systemic therapy despite this being recommended by evidence-based guidelines. Reasons for not initiating or maintaining systemic therapy included long-term safety concerns, convenience of use, and cost, even though psoriasis can result in irreversible cumulative life impairment.

The growing recognition that psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory disorder that is associated with a wide range of comorbidities, including obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, and depression, underlines the need for systematic evaluation and treatment of comorbidities and the use of systemic treatment. Setting and implementing treatment goals is considered essential for driving up the value of psoriasis care. These should include measures that matter most to patients, taking into account the impact of psoriasis on their quality of life, including involvement of visible areas and nails, pruritus, and recalcitrant plaques, in addition to objective measures such as their Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) score. Comprehensive management of psoriasis should provide treatment or referral to relevant specialists working in an integrated way across a networked service.
Will Biosimilars Change the Treatment Paradigm in Psoriasis?
Authors: Smithers Lucy
Published: November 2022

Prof Augustin opened the meeting and reviewed the use of systemic treatments recommended for moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Data indicating a lack of access to biologic treatments were presented, and barriers to the use of biologics, including both patient and physician-related cost, were discussed. The opportunity for improved access to biologic treatment options, portrayed by the availability of biosimilars, and the potential to improve healthcare for patients with psoriasis was presented.

Dr Schiestl explained that the demonstration of biosimilarity for regulatory requirements is based on the totality of evidence generated from analytical, non-clinical, and clinical data. The physicochemical and biological assessments performed for comparison of the proposed biosimilar and the originator molecule, using state-of-the-art technology, are most sensitive. Comparative, analytical, and functional testing therefore represent the major part of the comparability exercise, proving that the biosimilar and originator product contain essentially the same active substance. After demonstration of similarity at an analytical and functional level, suitable comparative pharmacodynamics (PDs) and/or pharmacokinetics (PKs) and/or safety studies in animal models are performed. Comparative clinical PKs/PDs and safety is assessed in healthy volunteers as an essential part of the clinical development programme. A final confirmatory Phase III clinical study is conducted in a sensitive patient population to confirm similar safety and efficacy of the biosimilar compared to the originator molecule.

Dr Gerdes explained why psoriasis is a sensitive and robust indication for confirming clinical efficacy of a biosimilar. He presented data from the EGALITY confirmatory study of the etanercept biosimilar (GP2015) in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis to compare safety and efficacy, and provided data on multiple switches between the originator etanercept (ETN) and the biosimilar. The trial confirmed the clinical equivalence of the efficacy and safety of GP2015 with ETN; no new safety signals were observed. Switching between the originator and biosimilar had no effect on safety or efficacy over the 52-week study.
Advancing Science: Driving Progress Today for a Clearer Tomorrow
Authors: Heyraud Stéphanie
Published: November 2022

Dermatologists today have more tools than ever at their disposal for managing psoriasis, including newer-generation biologics, which target molecular drivers of psoriatic inflammation that were scarcely known a decade ago. With a deeper understanding of epidermal immunology, we now recognise key pathogenic roles for multiple cytokines and cytokine receptors. Among current treatment targets, we now include not only the tumour necrosis factor pathway, but also interleukins (IL) of the IL-17 family (which are produced by T helper 17 [Th17] cells, among other skin cells) and IL-23 (which polarises the immune response toward Th17 production), as well as the corresponding receptors and intracellular signalling molecules. Rapid and complete skin clearance has become increasingly feasible, as suggested by studies of the newer biologics, including ustekinumab (targeting Th1 and Th17 cell development), secukinumab and ixekizumab (targeting the IL-17A cytokine), and brodalumab (targeting the IL-17 receptor subunit A). Paralleling the improved skin-related outcomes, we see a lightening of the burden of disease that patients experience with this chronic condition.

The bar is being raised when it comes to treatment goals investigated as endpoints in Phase III trials, and we see a shift from control to partial, or even complete, clearance. A similar evolution toward ambitious and personally tailored treatment goals is needed in the clinic. The speakers in this symposium addressed the promise of the new approaches, and the continuing challenge of choosing the optimal therapeutic approach, to ensure that each patient gets the best results from their therapies, whether old or new.
Chronic Venous Insufficiency: Management and Treatment
Authors: Legg Ewen
Published: November 2022

This expert masterclass, supported by an independent grant from OM/Vifor Pharma, brought together physicians specialising in vascular surgery, gynaecology, and dermatology from Pakistan, Egypt, Turkey, Lebanon, and Germany to discuss the current management of chronic venous disease (CVD) and haemorrhoidal disease. The meeting included plenary lectures and interactive case study discussions, allowing delegates and presenters to take part in high-level discussions of pressing issues in the field.
Useful Photoprotection in Dermatological Practice
Authors: Cahill Mia
Published: November 2022

The main objectives of this symposium were to explore the effect of light on individuals with hyperpigmentation disorders and acne, present the latest clinical research on the importance of photoprotection, and discuss the role of adapted photoprotection to improve patient adherence. Prof Passeron introduced the topic of hyperpigmentation by providing a brief background of pigmentary disorders and the mechanisms involved in ultraviolet (UV)B-induced pigmentation and the physiology of UVA pigmentation, and describing the latest findings from clinical studies that compared the effects of visible light and UVB on pigmentation and melasma. Dr Moyal presented the latest research on sun protection to prevent hyperpigmentation, focussing on the need for products to contain very high-level and well-balanced protection against UVA and UVB light, and discussed adherence, as well as how formulations can be adapted to meet patient needs by skin type, texture preference, and climatic requirements. Dr Moyal also presented the latest research on post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) as a long-lasting sequela of acne, photoprotection to prevent drug-induced phototoxicity, and whether adapted dermocosmetics and photoprotection can be used to prevent acne outbreaks. Prof Trautinger provided an overview of the epidemiology, physiology, and interaction with light and presented studies regarding the effect that sunlight has on acne severity. Prof Trautinger also discussed why photoprotection is important for patients with acne, focussing on the phototoxic side effects of conventional acne treatment.
Immunopathogenesis of Leprosy: A Model for T Cell Anergy
Authors: Nath Indira
Published: November 2022

Leprosy is a model disease for understanding human immune responses underlying diseases caused by intracellular pathogens, as well as providing valuable insights into autoimmune disorders and cancer. This review addresses the unresponsiveness/anergy of host T cells to the causative pathogen Mycobacterium leprae and describes both the adaptive and innate immune responses observed during the clinical course of the disease. Leprosy presents as a clinicopathological spectrum, with divergence in antigen-specific T cell responses and antibodies in patients at the two ends of the spectrum. Tuberculoid leprosy at one end presents with localised hypopigmented paucibacillary skin patches, and shows effective antigen-specific T cell responses and low antibodies. In contrast, lepromatous leprosy at the other end presents with generalised lesions with bacillary proliferation, abundant antibodies, and T cell unresponsiveness/anergy to M. leprae. Recent advances that may explain clinical divergence and T cell unresponsiveness/anergy associated with lepromatous leprosy include: cytokine dysregulation, T helper (Th)1, Th2 paradigm, Th17 cells, FOXP3+ regulatory T cells, and pathogen-induced accessory cell subversion.