bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Real-world size is automatically encoded in preschoolers’ object representations
Authors: Long Bria , Moher Mariko , Carey Susan , Konkle Talia
Published: August 2018

When adults see a picture of an object, they automatically process how big the object typically is in the real world (Konkle & Oliva, 2012a). How much life experience is needed for this automatic size processing to emerge? Here, we ask whether preschoolers show this same signature of automatic size processing. We showed 3- and 4-year-olds displays with two pictures of objects and asked them to touch the picture that was smaller on the screen. Critically, the relative visual sizes of the objects could either be congruent with their relative real-world sizes (e.g., a small picture of a shoe next to a big picture of a car) or incongruent with their relative real-world sizes (e.g., a big picture of a shoe next to a small picture of a car). Across two experiments, we found that preschoolers were worse at making visual size judgments on incongruent trials, suggesting that real-world size was automatically activated and interfered with their performance. In a third experiment, we found that both 4-year-olds and adults showed similar item-pair effects (i.e., showed larger Size-Stroop effects for the pairs of items, relative to other pairs). Furthermore, the magnitude of the item-pair Stroop effects in 4-year-olds did not depend on whether they could recognize the pictured objects, suggesting that the perceptual features of these objects were sufficient to trigger the processing of real-world size information. These results indicate that, by 3–4 years of age, children automatically extract real-world size information from depicted objects.
The role of stress-reactivity, stress-recovery and risky decision- making in psychosocial stress-induced alcohol consumption in social drinkers
Authors: Clay James M , Parker Matthew O
Published: August 2018

RationaleChronic alcohol misuse can escalate into alcohol use disorder (AUD). The causal mechanisms throughwhich recreational social drinking develops into compulsive uncontrolled alcohol misuse aremultifaceted. For example, stress is an important risk factor that influences alcohol craving in bothhealthy and addicted individuals. In addition, those that are high in impulsivity/risk taking drink moreand are at greater risk of developing addiction. At present, however, it is not possible accurately topredict those at risk of escalation in alcohol use, or of developing AUD.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate how underlying physiological and personality traits affectstress-induced craving for, and consumption of, alcohol, in a sample of healthy social drinkers. Theprimary hypothesis was that impulsivity/risk-taking would modulate stress-induced alcohol cravingand consumption.MethodsThirty-nine participants (22 male and 17 female; mean age = 23.92 years [SD = 4.90]) were randomlyallocated to “stress” and “no-stress” groups; in the stress group participants took part in the TrierSocial Stress Test (TSST). Participants completed several questionnaires and computer tasks in orderto assess prior alcohol use, impulsivity/risk-taking, stress-reactivity, craving and physiologicalbiomarkers of stress. Finally, participants completed a voluntary drinking task, in which increasingnumbers of presses on a computer keyboard were reinforced with 5ml shots of 37% ABV vodka (plusmixer).ResultsParticipants exposed to the TSST showed an increase in craving following the stressor. Severalfactors predicted voluntary drinking, including risky decision making, slow HR recovery from stress,poor vagal tone during recovery from stress and greater stress reactivity. Surprisingly, we found nocorrelation between craving and consumption.ConclusionsOur data suggest that variation in physiological stress parameters and poor decision-making abilitiesincrease risk of stress-induced alcohol consumption. This may provide a useful translationalframework through which we can further study early predictive markers for the shift betweencontrolled recreational drinking to uncontrolled alcohol misuse, including AUD.
Beyond confidence: Development of a measure assessing the 5C psychological antecedents of vaccination
Authors: Betsch Cornelia , Schmid Philipp , Heinemeier Dorothee K. , Korn Lars , Holtmann Cindy , Böhm Robert
Published: August 2018

BackgroundMonitoring the reasons why a considerable number of people do not receive recommended vaccinations allows identification of important trends over time, and designing and evaluating strategies to address vaccine hesitancy and increase vaccine uptake. Existing validated measures assessing vaccine hesitancy focus primarily on confidence in vaccines and the system that delivers them. However, empirical and theoretical work has stated that complacency (not perceiving diseases as high risk), constraints (structural and psychological barriers), calculation (engagement in extensive information searching), and aspects pertaining to collective responsibility (willingness to protect others) also play a role in explaining vaccination behavior. The objective was therefore to develop a validated measure of these 5C psychological antecedents of vaccination. Methods and FindingsThree cross-sectional studies were conducted. Study 1 uses factor analysis to develop an initial scale and assesses the sub-scales’ convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity (N = 1,445, two German convenience-samples). In Study 2, a sample representative regarding age and gender for the German population (N = 1,003) completed the measure for vaccination in general and for specific vaccinations to assess the potential need for a vaccine-specific wording of items. Study 3 compared the novel scale’s performance with six existing measures of vaccine hesitancy (N = 350, US convenience-sample). As an outcome, a long (15-item) and short (5-item) 5C scale were developed as reliable and valid indicators of confidence, complacency, constraints, calculation, and collective responsibility. The 5C sub-scales correlated with relevant psychological concepts, such as attitude (confidence), perceived personal health status and invulnerability (complacency), self-control (constraints), preference for deliberation (calculation), and communal orientation (collective responsibility), among others. The new scale provided similar results when formulated in a general vs. vaccine-specific way (Study 2). In a comparison of seven measures the 5C scale was constantly among the scales that explained the highest amounts of variance in analyses predicting single vaccinations (between 20% and 40%; Study 3). The present studies are limited to the concurrent validity of the scales. ConclusionsThe 5C scale provides a novel tool to monitor psychological antecedents of vaccination and facilitates diagnosis, intervention design and evaluation. Its short version is suitable for field settings and regular global monitoring of relevant antecedents of vaccination.
Statistical methods for evidence synthesis
Authors: Mathur Maya B , VanderWeele Tyler
Published: August 2018

In many empirical disciplines, scientific discovery is modularized into discrete papers each investigating one or more hypotheses. Synthesizing these modules of evidence is critical to inform a balanced and appropriately evolving view of the overall evidence on a topic as well as to identify where substantial uncertainty remains. This dissertation considers three realms in which such synthesis can occur: (1) when meta-analyzing multiple studies; (2) when subjecting a single study to independent replications; and (3) when testing related hypotheses within a study. We consider specific methodological challenges within each of these realms and propose statistical methods to address each. All proposed methods are implemented in R packages.
PERENCANAAN PEMELIHARAAN POMPA HIDRAM DI DESA NGADIRESO, PONCOKUSUMO-MALANG
Authors: L.B Diah Wilis , Rahmadianto Febi , S.W Widiyanto Hari
Published: August 2018

Desa Ngadireso Kec. Poncokusumo Kabupaten Malang terdiri dari 5 dusun. Di antara kelima Dusun tersebut adalahDusun Ngadireso dan Dusun Putuk. Desa Ngadireso terletak dikaki gunung semeru bagian barat dan berada disebelahtimur Kabupaten Malang. Wilayah Desa Ngadireso merupakan daerah berbukit-bukit yang merupakan konsekwensidari wilayah kaki gunung, sehingga berimplikasi pada penyediaan air untuk kebutuhan masyarakat yang tinggaldidaerah perbukitan. Jarak Desa Ngadireso dari pusat kota ± 52 km, sedangkan dari kampus ITN Malang sekitar ± 44km. Kebutuhan air bersih di desa ini telah dipenuhi oleh pompa air secara konvensional yaitu pompa hidram. Adapunjumlah pompa hidram yang ada sebanyak dua buah, berasal dari PNPM Mandiri dan pihak terkait. Untuk itu agarmendapatkan kwantitas air yang stabil perlu diadakan proses perbaikan dan perawatan yang tepat serta pengelolaannya.Pompa air yang digunakan masyarakat Dusun Ngadireso terdapat dua pompa hidram yang dibiayai oleh PNPM Mandiridan sumbangan dari pihak terkait, untuk itu perlu diadakan proses penyuluhan tentang perbaikan dan perawatan sertapengelolaan sehingga akan didapatkan biaya perawatan yang ringan, sehingga tidak akan menjadi beban masyarakat.Dengan demikian diperlukan informasi terkait operasional perbaikan pompa hidram dan mendapatkan perawatan yangmurah. Dari kondisi daerah dan masalah yang dihadapi, maka dengan dilakukannya program perawatan danpemeliharaan pompa hidram secara berkelanjutan akan megurangi biaya lebih dari perawatan pompa hidram danmengurangi tingkat kerusakan yang berlebihan. Program Pelatihan pompa hidram mampu memberikan pemahamandan skill yang lebih baik buat masyarakat dalam memelihara pompa hidram.
Features cephalometric indicators in boys and girls of various craniotypes with physiological occlusion
Authors: Gunas I. V. , Маrchenko А.V. , Kyrychenko Yu.V. , Anisimov E.M.
Published: August 2018

The study of the features of the general shape and size of the cerebral and facialskull is a necessary link in the system of complex morphometric evaluation of thestructures of the tooth-jaw system. The purpose of the study is to establish the featuresof cephalometric indices in young men and girls of different craniotypes with physiologicalbite. Cephalometric study consisted of determination of parameters of the cerebral andfacial sections of the head of 44 boys and 50 girls with physiological bite. The form ofthe head was determined by the formula ms_ms * 100 / g_op, where ms_ms is thelargest head width (occipital diameter); g_op - the largest length of the head (distancefrom glabella to opisthokranion). Up to a value of 75.9 men attributed to dolichocephals;76,0-80,9 - to mesocephals; 81,0-85,4 - to brachycephals. Statistical processing ofthe obtained results was carried out using the statistical software package "Statistica6.1" using nonparametric methods. The reliability of the difference between independentquantitative values was determined using the Man-Whitney U-criterion. Found thatdolichocephalic and hiperbrahitsefalichna shape of the head are the most rare: amongboys 6 dolichocephals found, 16 mesocephals, 19 brachycephals, 3hyperbrachycephals; and among girls - 1 dolichocephals, 16 mesocephals, 26brachycephals, 7 hyperbrachycephals. When comparing craniotypological differencesin cephalometric indices, it was found that the sagittal arc, the greatest length of thehead, the height of the red lumbar lobe in the mesocephals is significantly greater ortends to be larger than brachycephals. Conversely, the largest and smallest headwidth, face width, outer-orbital width, inter-orbital width, width of the mandible, thedistance from the auricular point to the angle of the mandible in the mesocephals issignificantly lower or tends to lower values compared to brachycephals. The value ofcephalometric parameters in young men is significantly higher than that of girls, whichis confirmed by the results of studies on the general tendency of preferences ofcephalometric linear dimensions in males. We did not detect significant sexualdifferences for only the average face width and forehead height. As a result of thestudies conducted, regardless of sex, there are significantly higher longitudinal andsmaller transverse dimensions of the facial and cerebellum of the skull in themesocephals than brachycephals.
Sonographic model parameters of kidney in men and women endo-mesomorphic somatotype depending on the anthropometric indices characteristics
Authors: Ustymenko O.S.
Published: August 2018

The application of the mathematical method for establishing quantitative relationshipsbetween the set of anthropometric parameters and sonographic parameters of thepatient allows in some cases to significantly improve early diagnosis of diseases, makeit not only timely, but accurate. The purpose of the work is to analyze the regressionmodels of individual sonographic sizes of the kidneys in practically healthy men andwomen of the endo-mesomorphic somatotype, depending on the peculiarities of thestructure and size of the body. Sonographic renal research conducted using ultrasonicdiagnostic system "CAPASEE" SSA-220A (Toshiba, Japan). For each kidney, the length,width (transverse size) and front and rear dimensions were determined; the area of thelongitudinal and transverse sections of the kidneys and their sinuses, as well as thevolume of the right and left kidneys. All of them had an anthropometric survey conductedby V.V. Bunak in the modification of P. P. Shapаrenko. The evaluation of thesomatotype was carried out according to the mathematical scheme of J. Carter and B.Heath. Determining the absolute amount of fat, bone and muscle components of bodyweight was calculated by the formula J. Matiegka and the muscular component - bythe formulas of the American Institute of Nutrition. For the construction of models ofindividual sonographic parameters of the kidneys, the method of stepwise regressionanalysis in the package "STATISTICA 6.1" was used. In practically healthy men andwomen of Podillia endo-mesomorphic somatotype of 16 possible 14 reliable regressionmodels of sonographic parameters of the right and left kidneys, based on anthropo-somatotypological indicators with a determination coefficient, from 0.767 to 0.966 andfrom 0.672 to 0.912 were constructed. The constructed models of sonographicparameters of both kidneys in men endo-mesomorphic somatotype most often includethe circumferential body dimensions (22.4%), cephalometric indices and the thicknessof skin and fat folds (17.1%), body diameters (14.5%), and longitudinal body dimensions(11.8%). The constructed models of sonographic parameters of both kidneys in womenendo-mesomorphic somatotype most often include circumferential body sizes (23.1%),body diameters (20.5%), cephalometric indices (19.2%) and thickness of skin and fatfolds (16.7%). In the analysis of entering into models of sonographic parameters of thekidneys anthropometric and somatotypological indicators, expressed manifestations ofasymmetry and sexual dimorphism
Computer-tomographic vestibular-tongue sizes of teeth in boys and girls with normal occlusion depending on face types
Authors: Pozur T.P.
Published: August 2018

Research of computed-tomographic size of teeth in representatives with differenttypes of faces and physiological occlusion allows dentists to make the correct approach toorthodontic treatment of patients in the clinic of orthodontics, orthopedic dentistry andmaxillofacial surgery. The purpose of the work is to establish the limits of the percentilescope and the peculiarities of the computed-tomographic vestibular-tongue sizes of teethin young boys and girls with physiological bite, depending on the type of face. Primarycomputer-tomographic dimensions of the width of the crowns of teeth, the width of theteeth at the anatomical neck, the distance from the anatomical neck to the apex of the rootand the distance from the middle of the cutting edge to the apex of the root of the teeth inthe vestibular-tongue direction, as well as the cephalometric parameters of 44 boys and 50girls with normal occlusion close to the orthognathic bite received from the data bank of theresearch center of the National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya. Face typewas determined using the Garson morphological index. The statistical processing of theobtained results was carried out using the statistical software package "Statistica 6.0" usingnon-parametric estimation methods. In boys and girls with physiological bite with differenttypes of face the boundaries of the percentile width of the crowns width, the width of theteeth at the level of the anatomical neck, the distance from the anatomical neck to theapex of the root and the distance from the middle of the cutting edge to the apex of the rootin the vestibular-tongue direction are determined. The analysis of gender differences inthe size of the teeth showed that all the indicators of the distance from the anatomical neckto the apex of the root and the distance from the middle of the cutting edge to the apex ofthe root of the corresponding teeth in the vestibular-tongue direction in young boys with abroad face are significantly higher than that of girls with a wide face; the vast majority of thesize of the width of the crowns of teeth and the width of the teeth at the level of theanatomical neck in the vestibular-tongue direction in the young boys with a broad face arealso significantly higher than that of girls with a wide face. Reliable or tendentious differencesin computed-tomographic sizes of the teeth in the vestibular-tongue direction betweengirls with a very wide and wide face are not established. The results broaden theunderstanding of the anatomical structure of permanent teeth in young boys and girls ofPodillia with a physiological bite with different types of faces, which will allow dentists toimprove the efficiency of treatment of defects in teeth and dentitions.
MORPHOFUNCTIONAL CHANGES IN KIDNEYS OF RATS WITH GENTAMICIN-INDUCED ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY AND USE OF MELATONIN
Authors: Dudka Ye.A. , Zamorskii I.I. , Petriuk A.Ye. , Shchudrova T.S.
Published: August 2018

Aminoglycosides are effective antibiotics, but their accumulation in kidney cortex causes nephrotoxic effects in 20-30% of patients, which significantly limits their use. For this reason, search for the new therapies aimed at prevention of gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is highly relevant. Thus, the objective of our research was to study the functional and histopathological changes in kidneys of rats with gentamicin-induced AKI, and estimate the renoprotective potential of pineal hormone melatonin, which possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. The study was conducted on 24 non-linear male rats. Gentamicin-induced AKI was modeled by daily administration of 4% gentamicin sulphate (80 mg/kg) for 6 days. Melatonin (Sigma Aldrich, USA) was injected daily at a dose of 5 mg/kg. Functional state of kidneys was assessed by diuresis, creatinine clearance, urine protein excretion, fractional excretion of sodium, and plasma potassium level. Documentation of the pathological processes was performed by the computer morphometry of objects in histological preparations. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS 17.0 software. Administration of gentamicin resulted in a significant impairment of renal function of experimental animals. A decrease in creatinine clearance by 3.1 times along with a reduction of diuresis by 1.9 times, and an increase in plasma creatinine concentration by 2.6 times was observed. There also was an increase in urine protein level by 5.2 times, an elevation of fractional sodium excretion and a reduction of plasma potassium level. Use of melatonin caused a significant improvement of renal function comparing to model pathology group. Functional disturbances were accompanied with the significant histopathological changes in kidney tissue: necrosis of the 27±5.2% epithelial cells of proximal tubules with the signs of hydropic vacuolization (7±2.1%) or reversible hydropic swelling (76±1.5%) in the rest of cells; swelling or deformation of some glomeruli. In the medulla tubular lumen were dilated and partially filled with hyaline casts, tubular cells had signs of dystrophy. Use of melatonin contributed to the restraint of the histopathological changes, confirmed by the decrease of the prevalence and severity of tubular necrosis (1.2%), dystrophy (64±2.3%), and injury of glomeruli. Obtained results verify the significant nephroprotective effect of pineal hormone melatonin, providing a background for the further in-depth study of its renal effects as well as its prospects as a nephroprotector.
VARIABILITY OF T-LYMPHOCYTES AND MACROFAGS COMPOSITION IN THE URINARY BLADDER UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF HEAVY METALS SALTS, CORRECTION OF THEIR EFFECT WITH VITAMIN E AND IN THE READAPTATION PERIOD
Authors: Sikora V.V.
Published: August 2018

In modern urology, it is important to study and understand the features of the development of various pathologies in the organs of the urinary system since the disturbances of the urodynamics is a widespread problem all over the world. Thus, the environment pollution caused by heavy metal salts has unpredictable consequences for the functioning of the urinary bladder. That is why the object of this study is to determine the features of the expression and the quantitative composition of T-cells and macrophages in the UB wall under the intake of the HMS and correction of their effect with vitamin E, as well as during the readaptation period. According to the experimental scenario, the experiment model was implemented by using male rats that were divided into six groups. The heavy metal salts mixture consisted of the most common potentially dangerous metals-microelements (zinc, cooper, iron, manganese, lead and chrome). Vitamin E was chosen as a corrector. To determine the quantitative composition of T-cells and macrophages the immunohistochemical identification by CD3 and CD68 antibodies was used. The main results are presented as M±SD, with the assessment of the differences and dependencies between the groups by using nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient. We found that the number of CD3+ lymphocytes and CD68+ macrophages differed between the groups and depended on the experimental conditions. Thus, the results of our study demonstrate that the number of T-cells and macrophages in the bladder increases under the influence of heavy metals salts. The simultaneous intake of the pollutants and vitamin E is accompanied by the decrease of expression intensity of the corresponding cells. When the intake of the heavy metals is canceled, the qualitative composition of the identified CD3 and CD68 cells gradually comes to the norm, but the speed of its reduction differs depending on the group of the readaptation. Discovered that the decrease of T-cells and macrophages in the groups with the use of vitamin E was more approached to the control. Based on the results of the immunohistochemical study, a strong correlation between an increased number of the expressed T-cells and macrophages was revealed in the urinary bladder during the whole period of the study that demonstrates the dependence of their activity.
MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS REMODELING VESSELS HEMOMICROCIRCULATORY BED OF JEJUNUM AT RESECTIONS OF LIVER
Authors: Hnatjuk M.S. , Tatarchuk L.V.
Published: August 2018

Liver resection is widely used in modern surgical departments. Removal of large volumes of the liver leads to postresection portal hypertension, which is complicated by bleeding from varicose veins of the esophagus, stomach, rectum, ascites, splenomegaly with secondary hypersplenism, parenchymal jaundice and portosystemic encephalopathy. The widespread prevalence of this pathology, high mortality from its complications indicates that it is an important medical and social problem. The aim of the study is quantitative morphological study of the features of remodeling the vessels of the hemomicrocirculatory bad of the jejunum at resection of different volumes of the liver. The studies were conducted on 45 sexually mature male rats, which were divided into 3 groups. The first group consisted of 15 intact virtually animals, 2-15 rats after resection of the left lateral part – 31.5% of the parenchyma of the liver, 3-15 animals after resection of the right and left lateral parts of the liver (58.1%). Euthanasia of experimental animals was carried out by bloodletting in conditions of thiopental anesthesia 1 month after the beginning of the experiment. The hemomicrocirculatory bad of the jejunum was studied by injection of its vessels into the carcass-gelatinous mixture, which was injected through the abdominal aorta. From the jejunum, lightened and histologic preparates were prepared and morphometrically studied the vessels of the microhemocirculatory bed. Quantitative indicators were processed statistically, the difference between the comparative values was determined by the Student's criterion. It was established that the severity of structural transformation of the vessels of the microhemocirculatory bad of the jejunum depends on the volume of the removed parenchyma of the liver. The analysis of the obtained results revealed that one month after resection of 31.5% of liver parenchyma, the morphometric parameters of the vessels of the haemomicrocirculatory bad of the jejunum were insignificantly altered. It was determined that resection of 58.1% of liver parenchyma caused postresection portal hypertension and marked remodeling of blood vessels of the hemomicrocirculatory bad of the jejunum, which was characterized by narrowing of arterioles by 23.4%, precapillary arterioles by 22.8%, hemocapillaries by 22.9%%, decrease in the density of microvessels – by 22.4%, the expansion of the capillary venules – by 35.5% and venules – by 28.7%, venous plethora, hypoxia, dystrophy, necrobiosis of cells and tissues, infiltrative processes and sclerosis. Resection of 58.1% of liver parenchyma leads to postresection portal hypertension, pronounced narrowing of lumen of the vessels of the adnexa and exchange units hemomicrocirculatory bed, expansion of the postcapillary venules and venules, venous plethora, hypoxia, dystrophy and necrobiosis of cells and tissues, infiltrative and sclerotic processes in wall of the jejunum.
STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE SMALL INTESTINE WALL IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE ARTIFICIAL URINARY RESERVOIR IN THE EXPERIMENT
Authors: Savchuk R.V. , Kostyev F.I. , Zhukovskij D.A. , Nasibullin B.A.
Published: August 2018

Morphological changes of the wall of the artificial urinary bladder are various and its investigation continues from the moment of the creation of the first conduit on the ileum’s section. The aim of the work is to explore the structural-functional transformation of the mucous and the neobladder wall in 12 months after ileocystoplasty in the experimental conditions on mini-pigs. The results of the neobladder’s experimental model, created by the execution of cystectomy and ileocystoplasty in 9 experimental mini-pigs are the material of this work. 12 months after the operation of modeling the urinary bladder, animals were removed from the experiment of nembutal overdosing, following the provisions of “The European convention for the Protection of vertebrate animals being in use for experiments or for other scientific purposes”. Our morphological changes of the artificial urinary bladder, formed from the segment ileum 12 months after the orthotopic ileoplasty proved significant ultra-structural changes in the neobladder’s epithelial layer. Ileum’s villi within the conditions of the artificial urinary bladder are decreased and smoothed, epithelial cells are similar to the interjacent epithelium. The connective-tissue plate is thickened and becomes callous, the muscular layer is also thickened. The samples of the ileum, that remained in the normal environment without the compatibility with urine, did not undergo the significant morphological transformations and did not differ from the samples of the intact ileum. The transplantation of the ileum segment for performing new, not-programmed functions causes it to adapt to new conditions, although the urinary bladder and the ileum have different origins and structures from the very beginning. New aggressive conditions and constant contact with urine lead to the transformation of the mucous of the ileum and acquire new features necessary for performing new functions.
EFFECT OF THE FORKAL ON HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES OF THE RAT’S MANDIBLE BONE TISSUE IN THE AREA OF THE TRAUMATIC DEFECT AT THE PATHOLOGY OF THE HEPATOBILIARY SYSTEM
Authors: Polischuk S.S. , Davydenko I.S. , Shuvalov S.M.
Published: August 2018

The leading place in the structure of general injuries and among facial injuries occupy fractures of the upper and lower jaws. An important factor in the occurrence of complications is the microbial factor, but the concomitant pathology, such as hepatobiliary diseases, is commonly associated with about 70% of the population. The purpose of the work was to study the features of reparative regeneration of the defect of the mandible in the pathology of the hepatobiliary system on the background of the administration of Forkal in the animal experiment. An experimental study was conducted on 100 white male Wistar rats weighing 240-270 g, aged from 5 to 6 months. During the work, the rats were divided into 5 groups: control (20 rats, in which histological changes of the bone tissue of the mandible of healthy rats with mandibular injury at the site of defect were investigated); experimental No. 1 (20 rats in which histological changes of mandibular bone tissue were studied at the site of defect at obstructive hepatitis, which was obtained by ligation and intersection of the common bile duct); experimental No. 2 (20 rats in which histological changes of bone tissue of the mandible were examined at the site of the defect in toxic hepatitis, which was obtained by administering per os four carbon monoxide); experimental No. 3 (20 rats in which histological changes of the bone tissue of the mandible were examined at the site of defect in obstructive hepatitis, which were obtained by ligation and intersection of the common bile duct, and then added Forkal); experimental No. 4 (20 rats in which histological changes in the bone tissue of the mandible of rats at the site of the defect in toxic hepatitis were studied, which was obtained by introducing per os four carbon monoxide, and subsequently added to Forkal). All rats were injured in the mandible with a standardized defect. In the future, we observed the histological signs of healing the area of the perforation defect. It was established that regeneration of the area of the defect of the mandible is worsening in the conditions of the experimental pathology of the hepatobiliary system: the rate of recovery of the specific volume of fibroreticular tissue during obstructive hepatitis is slowed down by 2.6 times and 3.4 times in the course of toxic hepatitis. With the use of Forkal in conditions of experimental pathology of the hepatobiliary system, the rate of regeneration of the defect site of the mandible improves and accelerates. Thus, in order to accelerate the rate of recovery of the specific volume of fibroreticular tissue for patients with mandible trauma and associated pathology of the hepatobiliary system, it is advisable to use Forkal.
INDICATORS OF THE CARDIOMYOCYTES` CELLS CYCLE UNDER INFUSION OF BLOOD SUBSTITUTES AND IN THE CORRECTION OF EXPERIMENTAL BURN INJURY BY 0,9% NACL SOLUTION
Authors: Radoga R.V.
Published: August 2018

According to the WHO, the thermal trauma is on the third place among other injuries. Burned injury is not only damage to the skin, but also the traumatization of all organs and systems of the body as a result of the stress response of the vascular system and the effects of toxic products coming from the area of burn injury. Firstly, such damages affect cardiomyocytes and the microcirculation vessels of the heart. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the changes in the cell cycle of myocardial cells in the left ventricle of rats under conditions of blood substitutes infusion and in the correction of experimental burn injury with a 0,9% solution of NaCl. The burn trauma was modeled using the Regas’ method and placed a catheter into the lower vena cava for intravenous infusion. The following solutions were used for infusion: 0,9% NaCl solution, lactoproteinum with sorbitol (Lactoproteinum-C) and colloidal-hyperosmolar HAES-LX-5% solution. Flow cytometry of the nuclear suspension of left ventricular cardiomyocytes was performed on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th days of the experiment. The statistical analysis of the results was carried out using the “STATISTICA 6.1” program package. The results of the performed study show a fairly stable picture of cell cycle parameters in myocardial cells of animals without burn injury with a predominance, on the one hand, of cells present in the G0G1 phase and the presence of a certain balance between the processes of creation of nuclear DNA synthesis and apoptosis. Changes in the phase of cardiac myocyte cell cycle against the background of the thermal injury of the skin throughout the observation time indicate a prolonged, uncorrected cell cycle disorder and a lack of effective normalization on the background of the physiological solution usage in the first 7 days after burning trauma of the skin. The protective effect of HAES-LX-5% prevents over-strain of cells, as evidenced by the lower synthetic activity of nuclei of cardiomyocytes at all times of the experiment.
Avaliação do escore de condição corpórea de cavalos de tração da cidade de Imperatriz, Estado do Maranhão
Authors: AZEVEDO SUELLEN , Barbosa Neylliany Jéssica Moraes , Azevedo Suellen Alves de , Braga Geovania Maria da Silva
Published: August 2018

The objective of this study was to analyze the mean values, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values of the weight and parameters of the body conditions score between males and females of the traction horses in the municipality of Imperatriz, State of MA. The animals were attended by the Healthy Horse Horse Program that had as objective to improve the equine welfare and consequently the socioeconomic profile of the cartwrights who have as income source these animals. A total of 146 animals were attended, weekly weighing and visualization of the scores (extremely thin, very thin, thin, moderately thin, moderate, moderately fleshy, fleshy, fat and obese). The statistical results revealed a mean weight for males of 283.08 and 289.33 for females, with a mean height of 142.37 and 139.31 and Pearson's correlation (0.452**), the R2 regression analysis recorded values of F = 33.12 **. The body score revealed for neck, garrote, shoulder, ribs, back and back of the males classification lean (3), females registered for neck, very thin (2), garrote, shoulder, costa, rib and lean back (3). Pearson's correlation recorded values highly significant for weight and height (0.452**), height with neck (0.234**), club (0276**), shoulder (0.348**) and ribs (0.253**). Neck with garrote (0.511**), shoulder (0.458**), rib (0.363**), coast (0.377**), back (0.330**), shoulder garment values (0.484**), rib 0.364**), back (0.429**), back (0.322**). Based on the data analyzed it is concluded that the average live weight of the horses examined being below the average required for the service provided by them, to mean height showed values ranging from 142.37 cm for males and 139.31 cm for females. The indices of body conditions of the animals examined are below the required range of 3 to 4.
Estudo clínico-oftálmico e citológico de felinos domésticos com conjuntivite e mantidos em adensamento populacional
Authors: Anderlini Giovana Patrícia , Neto Joaquim Evêncio , Anderlini Giulliano Aires , Omena Priscilla Nogueira de Melo , Souza Elton Hugo Lima da Silva , Silva Jéssica Karla Alves da , Barbosa Sheylla Márcia Vasconcelos , Ferri Rinaldo Cavalcante , Gomes Filho Manoel Adrião , Oliveira Filho Edmilson Ferreira de , De Sá Fabricio Bezzerra
Published: August 2018

Conjunctivitis spread easily among cats, especially in shelters and homes with large numbers of animals, this reality is objective of this study was to make an ophthalmic and cytological evaluation in cats with conjunctivitis and kept in high population density. For this purpose, 18 animals of the domestic feline, from kind of routine ophthalmic originated from two shelters and one home. Among the clinical signs, there was a predominance of conjunctival hyperemia, chemosis, and purulent secretion. In addition to the signs of conjunctivitis cats presenting ulcer dendítrica, symblepharon and phthisis bulbi were also treated. In the cytology, results showed in addition to epithelial cells, a higher frequency of neutrophils and cytoplasmic inclusions morphologically compatible with and Chlamydophila felis bacteria. The study allowed direct diagnosis with low cost and speed, making it possible to establish topical and / or systemic therapy for cats with conjunctivitis, as well as create opportunities for management guidelines aimed to minimize the spread of ophthalmopathy in animals kept in high population density.
Espécies da família euphorbiaceae na alimentação animal
Authors: Araújo Júnior George , Souza Marcondes de Sá , Simões Vicente José Laamon Pinto , Gomes Fabiana Torres , Jardim Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa Ferraz , Leite Maurício Luiz de Mello Vieira , Teixeira Vicente Imbroisi , Silva Thieres George Freire
Published: August 2018

The native vegetation of the caatinga constitutes an important food resource for the herds of the Brazilian semiarid region. In this type of vegetation, the Euphorbiaceae Family is represented by a large number of species, characterized by a high productive and nutritional potential of their forage. However, the lack of managerial information causes problems of forage waste in the rainy season and animal intoxication by substances present in the plants, and studies are needed to minimize such problems. Thus, this review was aimed at discussing the botanical family Euphorbiaceae, highlighting its economic importance and the use of some native species of the caatinga in animal feed, showing the forms of use and characterizing the productive, chemical and nutritional aspects of forages as well as compounds toxins present in these plants.
Características e preferências de consumo de carne ovina
Authors: Frias Juliana , Belo Ferreira Thiago , Eduardo Polaquini Luciano , Oliveira Cucki Thalita
Published: August 2018

The growing demand for animal protein is evident and is being increasingly valued in several respects. However, we must discuss the meat market broadly to know and understand what to produce, how to produce and who to produce. In this context, the present work aimed to identify information regarding the preference of consumption and purchase of sheep meat in order to favor new marketing strategies contributing with agents of the productive chain potentially demanded by consumers. Of the interviewees, 51% were women and 49% men, and of these 64% reported consuming sheep meat at least once a week (31%). Of those interviewed who consume sheep meat (36%), 25% reported having an interest in eating, thus expressing curiosity about experimenting. Regarding the characteristics of the sheep meat, the interviewees considered important that the meat shows flavor, softness and succulence. Regarding the fat content, 51% of the interviewees pointed out the marbled meat as the one of preference for consumption. The type of cut of the sheep meat most consumed is the shank (69%). However, the cart appears first as the cut type of preference for consumption. The low frequency of current consumption could be explained by the fact that 40% of current consumers showed some dissatisfaction related to the selling price of meat, and that 48% would have some type of difficulty in gaining access to the product. It was possible to observe a great market potential for the consumption of sheep meat. However, some negatives should be improved.
Atividade antitumoral da folha da Hymenaea martiana hayne em células mamárias de cães
Authors: Vieira Dielson , Bagagi Moura Jusciene , Eduardo Scardovelli  da Silva Felipe , Taniwaki Fábio , Cristina Cardoso Tereza
Published: August 2018

Neoplasms of the mammary gland in dogs are a major cause of death in canines due to treatment limitations and the complexity of surgical procedures. Therefore, new alternatives are needed, such as the crude ethanolic extract from the H. martiana leaf, which has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and cicatrizant activity. However, little is known about its antitumor effects and primarily on canine tumor cells. The objective of the study was to evaluate the antitumor and cytopathic effect of the crude ethanolic extract of the H. martiana Hayne leaf on dog tumor cells and VERO cells. In this study, we obtained an action of the extract in front of the tumor cells as the concentration of the extract increased. In addition, macroscopic alterations were seen, such as vacuoles formation, nucleus condensation and cell formation. When the MTT test was performed, mitochondrial function decreased as the phytotherapeutic concentration increased (P
Desenvolvimento de mudas de alface em função de substratos alternativos
Authors: Santana Juliano , Morais Igor Batista , Fernandes Cleiton Miguel , Lima Antônio Florentino de , Moreira Juracy Mendes , Silva Arinaldo Pereira da
Published: August 2018

This work had the objective of evaluating the effect of the addition of chicken litter and bovine manure to the coconut fiber in the formulation of a substrate for the production of Lucy Brown American lettuce seedlings. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Mossâmedes-GO, from October 2016 to November 2016. The cultivation was conducted in a greenhouse covered with translucent LDPE. The experiment was performed in a completely randomized design, with seven treatments of substrates (100% FC, 90% FC + 10% EB, 80% FC + 20% EB, 60% FC + 40% EB, 90% FC + 10% CF 80% FC + 20% CF, 60% FC + 40% CF) and 40 replicates. Physical and chemical analysis of seven substrates were performed. The percentage of germination was evaluated; The mass of the root system and aerial part at the time of transplanting. It was concluded that: pure coconut fiber without fertigation is not feasible for the production of lettuce seedlings; The substrates formulated with 80% coconut fiber + 20% tanned bovine manure and 60% coconut fiber + 40% tanned bovine manure are suitable for production of lettuce seedlings; The chicken bed showed to be a very saline material, even tanned, compromising the germination and development of the seedlings.
Leishmaniose canina na cidade de Caucaia, Ceará: Relato de Caso
Authors: Rodrigues Karina , Maia Silva Aline , Pinto de Almeida Anderson , Costa e Silva Michelle , de Araujo Viana Daniel , da Silva Durans Barreto Alain
Published: August 2018

Leishmaniasis is a major zoonosis, resulting from the parasitism by intracellular protozoa of the Leishmania genus of the Trypanosomatidae family. It is transmitted through the bite of hematophagous dipterous insects belonging to the subfamily Phlebotominae, with the dog as the main urban reservoir. Two clinical forms are known: visceral leishmaniasis characterized by systemic and sometimes cutaneous alterations, and tegumentary, which can produce manifestations with mucocutaneous lesions, formation of granulomatous background ulcers and protruding edges of difficult healing. The objective of this research was to report a case of a 10-year-old dog male with no defined race, who was treated with a history of ulceration in the nose, ear and tongue, with clinical manifestations aggravating since 2009. The histopathological examination was determinant for the visualization of amastigote forms of Leishmania spp, being possible the diagnosis of leishmaniasis.
Processos tecnológicos empregados no aproveitamento de carcaças suínas e bovinas parcialmente condenadas por cisticercose
Authors: Pastor Felipe , Adelaide Adão Jeniffer , Salve Guizardi Paula , Resende Paglis Brunoro Joana
Published: August 2018

Cysticercosis is considered to be one of the main parasitic diseases that cause economic losses in the meat market currently. In addition, the disease is considered an important zoonosis in Public Health due to the severity of the implications that it causes in the host. Therefore, the objective of this article was to review the literature in search of technological processes that allow a better use of swine and bovine carcasses affected by cysticercosis. The treatment by salting and cold are the main technologies currently used in Brazil to inactivate the parasite, due its effectiveness and the best cost-benefit for the industry. The use of these technologies is essential to obtain a product of satisfactory quality and safety for sale to the final consumer.
Dermatite atópica canina: Estudo de caso
Authors: Alves Breno , Viana José Antônio , Leira Matheus Hernandes , Rodrigues Natália do Prado Alves e , Pristo Ana Luiza de Pádua , Maia Lauren Silva , Silva Shayene Mara Vaz da , Marinho Karoline Alves de Oliveira , Pereira Mariana Braz , Bertoldo Jeferson Boareto
Published: August 2018

Canine atopic dermatitis is one of the most common allergic skin diseases in dogs that is genetic and is chronic inflammatory nature, recurrent and too itchy. The animals become sensitized to environmental antigens such as house dust mites and pollen of flowers. Because of its genetic character, has no clinical cure, but is likely to control. The objective of this study was to survey the records of clinical care of dogs diagnosed with atopic dermatitis in Veterinary Clinical Medicine of the Ant University Center between the years 2010 and 2015.During this period were carried out 1708 calls and of these, 33 (1.9%) dogs were diagnosed with atopic dermatitis. In this study, 22 (66.7%) of dogs were mixed breed and the sex, 22 (66.7%) was female. Because it is highly itchy disease, it is necessary to its rapid diagnosis and treatment to provide better quality of life to the animals and their owners.
Hepatite crônica focal em cão Golden Retriever: Relato de caso
Authors: Pereira Camila , Pereira de Godoy Nathália Fernanda , Terra Érika Maria , Gouveia Rocha Artur
Published: August 2018

Chronic canine hepatitis is a progressive and irreversible disease with a varied etiology that causes decreased liver regeneration and parenchyma replacement due to fibrosis, which may progress to cirrhosis. The objective of the present study was to report the case of a Golden Retriever bitch, 11 years and 3 months old, attended at the University Veterinary Hospital-HVU, São Carlos / SP, Brazil. The reason for the consultation was infection with Giardia sp, but laboratory tests to evaluate the biological functions of the patient resulted in high ALT (alanine aminotransferase) and FA (alkaline phosphatase), in addition to hypoalbuminemia, indicating severe hepatic injury, however, without presenting any other clinical signs common in hepatopathy dogs (jaundice, ascites, vomiting, etc.). Ultrasonography and computed tomography showed hepatomegaly and the presence of a single amorphous structure with irregular contours and heterogeneous parenchyma. As a surgical treatment, partial hepatectomy was chosen for removal of the right medial lobe where the mass was located. Ursacol (ursodeoxycholic acid), SAM-e (S-Adenosyl-Methionine) and vitamin E were prescribed for clinical treatment on a daily basis. Histopathology of the sample resulted in hepatocellular hyperplasia with formation of fibrin bridges and regenerative nodules, indicative of chronic hepatitis, in addition to absence of malignancy characteristics or infectious agents. The patient was followed up in the months following the treatment, with a marked reduction in serum liver enzymes and maintenance of good health. It is concluded that the diagnosis of chronic hepatitis, before the appearance of clinical signs, associated with partial hepatectomy and clinical treatment improves the prognosis and survival of patients with focal liver disease.