bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Substantiation of the methodology for studying the level of formation of STEM-competencies in students
Authors: Gorbenko Svitlana , Patrikeeva Olena , Lozova Oksana
Published: July 2022

The article presents the substantiation of the methodology for studying the level of formation of STEM-competencies in students of basic general secondary education. The authors assume that the study of this problem will help to correct the conditions for the effective implementation of educational tasks of educational institutions.

The authors noted that natural-mathematical education (STEM-education) is an integral system of natural and mathematical educational branches, the purpose of which is the development of personality through the formation of STEM-competencies, a natural-science picture of the world, based on the practical application of scientific, mathematical, technical and engineering knowledge to solve practical problems

STEM-competencies are defined as a dynamic system of knowledge, skills and attitudes of the individual, which forms the ability to effectively innovate. The basis for studying the features of the levels of formation of STEM-competencies of students is to determine the content of the studied phenomenon. The components of the formation of STEM-competencies were defined as semantic - knowledge of mathematical competence and competence in the field of natural sciences, engineering and technology, engineering; emotional-motivational - attitude to STEM-competencies; behavioral - practical implementation of STEM skills.

The study of the levels of formation of structural components of STEM-competencies is proposed to be carried out on a number of indicators, namely: semantic was analyzed for completeness, adequacy, awareness of knowledge of mathematical competence and competence in science, technology and engineering; emotional and motivational - for a positive or negative attitude to the application of mathematical competence and competence in the field of natural sciences, technology, engineering, its stability and effectiveness; behavioral - on the adequacy, stability and independence of the skills of STEM-competencies.

The study of STEM-competencies formation levels of students will help to correct the conditions for the effective implementation of educational and educational tasks of educational institutions.
Tutoring support for the development of social and personal competencies of high school students: the results of the organizational and preparatory stage of the experiment
Authors: Shvets Tetiana
Published: July 2022

The article is dedicated to the results of the first stage of the all-Ukrainian experiment «Tutor support in the development of social and personal competencies of high school students» on the basis of schools in Kyiv, Cherkasy and Lviv regions. Based on the study, analysis and generalization of scientific, pedagogical and philosophical literature, the methodological principles of the study of tutoring of social and personal competencies of high school students are clarified and theoretically substantiated. The author describe the main scientific approaches to the problem of tutoring as an educational method that can provide individualization of modern education, namely: development of personality and character of the student, directing them to independent activities, focusing on individual characteristics of students, building trusting relationships. The following concepts of the experiment are described: «tutor», «tutor support», «tutoring», «social and personal competencies».

The author give a brief description of the evolution of tutoring in retrospect of the introduction of tutoring in different countries, which allowed to understand its philosophical basis and, accordingly, to determine the main approaches on which to base experimental work in educational institutions. The following approaches were chosen: humanistic, axiological, systemic, synergetic, sociocultural, dialogical, anthropological, personality-oriented, activity-oriented.

The article presents the results of studying the state of readiness of teachers for innovative educational activities, in accordance with the program of the experiment. According to the results, conclusions were made about the lack of orientation of teachers to the interests of students, and insufficient use of the most popular educational methods in tutoring: critical thinking, project technology, problem-based learning, situational modeling and personality-oriented learning.
Education of the personality who shares a sense of national consciousness in the conditions of the Russian-Ukrainian war based on the usage of new experimental technologies in the educational sphere of Ukraine
Authors: Boiko Svitlana
Published: July 2022

The article substantiates the importance of educating for the personality who shares a sense of national consciousness in war conditions. The general conceptual approaches towards the study of this issue, its methodological and instrumental components are analyzed. The author of the article addresses various aspects of the national education of young students based on the usage of the systemic methodology and new experimental technologies in the educational field, focused on the priority of method of oral history in the education of the personality who shares a sense of national consciousness in general secondary education institutions in Ukraine.

The author analyses the effectiveness of the method of oral history, which is considered as one of the important and relevant research methods in education, which involves the collection of oral reports (testimonies) of people (military personnel, volunteers, former participants or witnesses of a specific historical event) relating to a specific historical period or process. While using this method, students independently and naturally form their own view of historical events, carry out investigation and research activities, and learn to think critically.

The main forms, methods, and measures in which oral history is used to educate a nationally conscious person are highlighted in the article. They include biographical interviews, communication with family members on a specific historical topic, communication with combatants, participation in project activities, conducting memory lessons and lessons of courage, organizing summer military sports camps, etc.

It is proved that oral history is actively used not only in educational institutions but also at the national level in the form of various educational projects and allows effective implementation of the requirements belonging to the Concept of the New Ukrainian School.
The problem of pre-medical care skills training in higher education
Authors: Kit Lyubov , Firman Volodymyr
Published: July 2022

The article focuses on the pre-medical training of applicants for non-medical higher education. The organizational and legal principles of training and first aid are analyzed. The need to involve a wide range of people without medical education in the provision of pre-medical care was emphasized and substantiated. For this purpose, appropriate training should be organized. In particular, authors recommended to resume the studying of the discipline "Fundamentals of pre-medical care" in different educational institutions or to include the pre-medical care skills training to the course «Life safety» with an increase in academic hours. Additionally, it was emphasized that when teaching the course "Fundamentals of pre-medical care", it is necessary today to take into account the peculiarities of its provision in the war zone. The article highlights a list of basic skills of pre-medical care that must be acquired by higher education students, regardless of their profession. Training sessions are an effective form of education for knowledge acquisition and the formation of practical pre-medical care skills.
Formation of basic national values in accordance with the concept of the New Ukrainian School in wartime conditions
Authors: Kijan Olga
Published: July 2022

The article highlights the importance of universal and national spiritual values and ways and means of their formation in modern conditions, in the implementation of the Concept «New Ukrainian School», the establishment of the national system of education and upbringing, and reveals theoretical and practical aspects of universal and national-patriotic principles. student youth, the formation of their high national consciousness and self-awareness, active citizenship, moral and spiritual, legal culture, and readiness to build and defend the Fatherland. An organizational and methodological analysis of the practical implementation of the values of the New Ukrainian School is presented, which is a response to the challenges that modern society addresses to education during major socio-economic transformations. The key in this situation seems to be the creation of a new pedagogical reality, which would be aimed at raising the growing personality to the heights of humanity. increasing attention to the educational potential of the educational environment of the New Ukrainian School and assisting general secondary education institutions in organizing the educational process through the integration of educational efforts of society, including the community, as well as education of basic universal values, social values of society and small groups, its competence and readiness to show responsible citizenship and patriotism.
Big Data Analytics Framework for Effective Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Matto George
Published: July 2022

There has been an increased dependency on Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in undertaking various activities in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) ecosystems. Because of that, huge volumes of data have increasingly been generated. There have been, for instance, considerable amounts of data generated through electronic platforms involved in students’ admission and registration process, students’ academic records management, teaching and learning data, curriculum related data, and several other administrative data. Analysis of data generated from these platforms stands to give students, lecturers, HEIs Management, policy makers and implementers, and other stakeholders useful insights that would help in improving HEIs’ effectiveness. Unfortunately, literature have identified several challenges associated with existing big data analytics frameworks in HEIs. It was on this line that the present study, which was based on desk research, was carried out to propose an effective big data framework for analytics of such data. The proposed framework is composed of five stages; data collection, data pre-processing, data storage, data analytics, and data visualization. The stages were arranged systematically to address the identified challenges in the existing frameworks. Effective implementation of this framework will help HEIs to make a productive use of various data they generate. This will ultimately be beneficial to not only HEIs but also to aspired students, labour market, the government and the public at large.
Real-Time Data Analytics for Monitoring Electricity Consumption Using IoT Technology
Authors: Sanya Waheed , Bajpai Gaurav , Kombo Omar , Twahirwa Evariste
Published: July 2022

Rising electricity bills as a result of climate variability and new home electrical and electronic appliances are becoming a major source of concern for most end users. Consumers are typically unaware of their household electricity consumption patterns and the costs associated with them, making proper planning and budgeting difficult. Monitoring and controlling energy consumption on appliances can reduce energy costs for end-users. The Internet of Things (IoT) has the potential to provide remote monitoring and control of devices via automated monitoring and control. In this study, we propose an IoT-enabled system for monitoring and controlling energy consumption in homes to save money and make electricity more affordable to low-income people. Autonomous sensor nodes attached to power outlets collect and route power consumption data to the GSM-enabled gateway. Data aggregation is performed by the gateway for data received from all end-nodes within its coverage area. The gateway sends the data to the cloud, where real-time data analytics is performed. We also developed an algorithm that enables users to not only understand their usage patterns but also remotely control their appliances at any time. Mobile phones are used to remotely turn on and off household appliances via a machine-to-machine interface, as well as to provide real-time visualization of household energy consumption patterns.
Adversarial Attacks on Variational Autoencoders
Authors: Tabacof Pedro
Published: July 2022

Adversarial attacks are malicious inputs that derail machine-learning models. We propose a scheme to attack autoencoders, as well as a quantitative evaluation framework that correlates well with the qualitative assessment of the attacks. We assess — with statistically validated experiments — the resistance to attacks of three variational autoencoders (simple, convolutional, and DRAW) in three datasets (MNIST, SVHN, CelebA), showing that both DRAW’s recurrence and attention mechanism lead to better resistance. As autoencoders are proposed for compressing data — a scenario in which their safety is paramount — we expect more attention will be given to adversarial attacks on them.
Towards AutoML in the presence of Drift
Authors: Madrid Jorge , Escalante Hugo , Moales Eduardo
Published: July 2022

In many real-world scenarios AutoML systems are necessary due to the limited expertise in Machine Learning by developers. Research in this field has lead to the development of state-of-the-art solutions for supervised Machine Learning tasks that work effectively in different application areas. However, these don’t consider the changing nature inherent to several real-world situations (e.g. recommendation systems, spam-filtering). We briefly describe a first attempt to cope with such situation. We extended Auto-Sklearn with intuitive mechanisms to allow it to cope with data distributions that change over time. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. An extended version of this work was presented in AutoML Workshop @ ICML2018.
Acute Toxicity Evaluation of a new Benzimidazole derivative on the wistar rat
Authors: Bouayyadi Abdellatif , Moussaif Ahmed , Bouayyadi Lahcen , El Hessni Aboubaker , Essassi El Mokhtar , El Mzibri Mohammed , Mesfioui Abdelhalem
Published: July 2022

3-[2-(1H-Benzimidazol-2-ylsulfanyl)-ethyl]-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one (OXB1) is a new Benzimidazole derivative which was synthesized in our laboratory then characterized with several physicochemical techniques. However, its related toxic effect remains unknown. The present work aims to study its acute toxicity in normal Wistar rats. Six groups of rats received an intrapéritonéale (i.p.) injection of different doses of OXB1 (500, 700, 900, 1000 and 1200mg/kg) and were daily monitored for 14 days. Mortalities, changes in food and water uptake, behavioral changes and weight were monitored. The OXB1 Lethal Dose 50 (LD50) was 1084mg/kg. The administration of the studied molecule at a dose of 900mg/kg did not affect animal viability and body weight (bw). In addition, food and water intake are unchanged. Furthermore, at the this dose, the levels of hematological and biochemical values and organ’s weights were not affected which confirm that the No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level (NOAEL) dose of OXB1 is 900 mg/kg in normal Wistar rats and could possibly be tested after further analysis in a preliminary clinical test.
EVALUATION OF CONVULSIVE SYNDROME AFTER SURGICAL TREATMENT OF SUPRATENTORIAL CAVERNOUS MALFORMATIONS
Authors: НУРИМАНОВ Ч.С. , МАХАМБЕТОВ Е.Т. , ЖАКСЫБАЕВ Д.К. , УТЕУОВА С.А.
Published: July 2022

Проведен ретроспективный анализ хирургического лечения 42 случаев кавернозных мальформаций, ассоциированных с эпилепсией. Впервые в Казахстане на основании статистических данных показано положительное влияние хирургического лечения кавернозных мальформаций на динамику судорожного синдрома. Оценка проводилась на основании шкалы Энгеля исходов хирургического лечения эпилепсии (Engel Outcome Scale), а также шкалы ILAE, предложенной международной лигой по борьбе с эпилепсией (ILAE Outcome Scale). Для анализа данных исхода лечения использовались статистические формулы x2МакНемера, критерий Краскела — Уоллиса. Выявлено, что наилучшего результата удалось добиться при расположении кавернозных мальформаций в лобных долях, локализация же образования в височных долях явилась наименее благоприятной. Полного купирования судорог удалось добиться у 14 человек (33,3%). Также получены данные о том, что длительность судорог в анамнезе не влияет на исход лечения.

A retrospective analysis of surgical treatment of 42 cases of cavernous malformations associated with epilepsy was carried out. For the first time in Kazakhstan, a positive effect of surgical treatment of cavernous malformations on the dynamics of convulsive syndrome was shown on the basis of statistical data. The assessment was based on the Engel Outcome Scale of surgical treatment of epilepsy, as well as the outcome scale proposed by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE Outcome Scale)., Statistical formulas Mcnemer's x2and Kruskal—Wallis test were used to analyze the treatment outcome data. It was found that the best result was achieved when the cavernous malformations were located in the frontal lobes, while the localization of liason in the temporal lobes was the least favorable. Complete seizure relief was achieved in 14 patients (33.3%). There was also evidence that duration of seizures did not affect the outcome of treatment in history.
Institutional Ownership Volatility and Investment Behavior of REITs
Authors:   Saint Joseph’s University, Lantushenko Viktoriya , Nelling Edward ,   Drexel University
Published: July 2022

We find that the volatility of institutional ownership affects the investment behavior of real estate investment trust (REIT) managers. REITs exhibit stronger growth in real estate assets when they experience more volatility in institutional ownership. Debt is the likely source of financing these investments, whereas institutional ownership volatility does not explain for the equity issuance decisions of REITs. The effect of ownership dynamics on the investment decisions of REITs is mostly driven by institutions that hold highly diversified portfolios, which are classified as quasi-indexers and transient investors. The contribution of ownership volatility emerging from individual trading decisions of institutional stakeholders matters more than the ownership volatility of the institutional sector as a whole. Our findings suggest that REITs may cater their portfolios to the preferences of certain institutional investors.
Does Religion Affect Mortgage Delinquency?
Authors:   California State University Fullerton, Li Lingxiao , Ucar Erdem ,   California State University Fullerton
Published: July 2022

We provide evidence that religiosity deters mortgage delinquency. Religiosity is the percentage of the total county population who adheres to a religion. The results show that locations with a higher level of religiosity have a significantly lower mortgage delinquency rate after controlling for income, employment, education, population, etc. A one-standard-deviation increase in religiosity in a county leads to almost a 0.096 standard-deviation decrease in the mortgage delinquency rate, which corresponds to nearly 9.1% (12.3%) of the sample average (median) mortgage delinquency rate. The impact of religiosity increases during and after the global financial crisis period. Previous studies in the literature indicate that religiosity is related to a preference to save, higher aversion to risk as well as moral values towards mortgage default, all of which are linked to mortgage default decisions. This new evidence suggests the role of local religiosity in evaluating and modeling mortgage default risk.
A Corpus-Driven Study of the Style Variation in The Grapes of Wrath
Authors: Hu Yiyang , He Qingshun
Published: July 2022

The novel The Grapes of Wrath is distinctive in the arrangement of intercalary chapters and narrative chapters. Existing studies of the narratological distinction of this novel are primarily qualitative. This article conducted a corpus-driven study of the variation of styles in this novel from the perspectives of word cluster, type-token ratio, descriptivity and activity, keyness, and sentiment. The cluster analysis shows that the choice of words in the narrative chapters is more consistent than that in the intercalary chapters. The type-token ratio analysis testifies to the heterogeneity of the intercalary chapters in terms of lexical richness. The descriptivity and activity analysis and the keyness analysis reveal that the narrative chapters are more active than the intercalary chapters. The sentiment analysis finds that the novel is pervaded by negative sentiments and that negative sentiments are more prevalent in the narrative chapters than in the intercalary chapters. The research concludes that the corpus-driven study can provide insights into the narrative structure and the stylistic variation of the novel.
COMMON ANALYSIS METHODS FOR GASEOUS AND SOLIDCONTAMINANTS EMITTED FROM DIFFERENT POLLUTIONSOURCES: A REVIEW PAPER
Authors: AJAJ QAYSSAR MAHMOOD , SHAFRI HELMI ZULHAIDI MOHD , WAYAYOK AIMRUN , RAMLI MOHAMMAD FIRUZ
Published: July 2022

Cement is widely used for building construction and infrastructural purposes. In the last thirteen years, this productâs global annual production has increased by 78 percent, to 4,200 Mtpa. However, cement factories have been found to be harmful to air quality, plantations, and houses. Dust emission occurs through all the stages of cement production, such as storage, frying, packing, and even in the transportation stage. Cement factories cause environmental contamination worldwide, including in developed countries facing problems related to managing and controlling pollution, and also enforcing stringent legislation to prevent it. By reviewing different studies concerning cement plant emissions, we observed that various mathematical and statistical models have been applied to analyse and determine the effect of these emissions on the environment. Our study is focused on these analytical and statistical methods for analysing gaseous pollutant and particulate matter emissions from various pollution sources, especially cement plants. Identifying the elements of emissions and the development stages of other authorsâ analysis methods allowed us to conduct the most precise report possible. Our study also depicts the determinants of these strategies and their advantages, limitations, and implementation variables. The findings of these other studies were discussed, and it was discovered that the output differed depending on the technique used. The frameworks utilised ranged from using a single model to two or more models, in order to compare or combine them. GIS was used as an additional tool to improve the modelâs functionality in several studies. Some authors used programming languages such as Python and R to make their models more realistic.
ASSESSMENT OF RADIOACTIVE ELEMENTS IN THE RAMUNICKEL AND YANDERA MINING SITES OF PAPUA NEW GUINEARELATED TO RADIATION POLLUTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: D. KOLKOMA , F. B. PEREIRA , P. J. JOJO , K. MICHAEL
Published: July 2022

Radioactive elements present in the soil emit radiation of different types that poses a threat for human life. Mining waste and residues create environmental pollution and these have to beproperly monitored and managed. Measurement of ambient radiation doses and determination of radio nuclides in the mining waste and soil were performed in six riverside locations of Ramu Nickel and Yandera mining sites in Usino Bundi district of Madang and in a nearby place, Lae, in Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea. The average dose rate in air in the mining sites and in Lae have been calculated and it was observed that the annual dose rate in the mining site varies from0.9 mSv/y to 1.1 mSv/y whereas in Lae, it is only 0.78 mSv/y. The outdoor dose rate was found to vary from 126.8 mGy/y to 155.4 mGy/y and the indoor dose rate was found to vary from 507.2 mGy/y to 621.7 mGy/y in the mining sites. The soil samples were analyzed using NaI(Tl) gamma rayspectrometer. Radioactive elements Ca45, I129,Hg203, Cr51, Au198, Fe59, Co60, Ti201, Cd109, Bi214 and Sc47were observed to be slightly higher in the mining area compared to that observed in nearby sites. Though radioactivity level in the mining sites is slightly higher, it is well below the global standards.
THE EFFECT OF SARULLA NATURAL ZEOLITE MODIFICATION ONENHANCEMENT OF PB(II) AND CD(II) CONTAMINANTADSORPTION
Authors: JASMIDI Ms. , SARI SRI ADELILA , NASUTION HAFNI INDRIATI , DEWI RATNA SARI , PULUNGAN AHMADNASIR , TARTIYOSO SEGET , ZUBIR MOONDRA
Published: July 2022

Sarulla natural zeolite was prepared as an adsorbent to remove heavy metals of Pb (II) and Cd (II)in wastewater. Natural Zeolite was activated with HCl 1N and to increase the surface area thenSarulla Natural Zeolite was modified with Phosphate (P-Zeolite). The presence of phosphate in zeolitecavity was effective to create higher surface area and pore size as main contribute to increase their adsorption amount. Surface area of modified zeolite (P_Zeolite) is 88.65 m2/g and pore size become100.8 Ao. It is higher than zeolite before modification which surface area is 70.02 m2/g and pore size is 50.16 Ao. The optimum adsorption amount of Pb (II) is 12.28 mg/g after 30 minutes adsorption time with used 0.2g P-Zeolite. It is a significant increase if compared with Natural Sarulla Zeolite before modification which adsorbed only 5.57 mg/g by 0.4g adsorbent mass with longer time after50 minutes. On the other hand, the optimum adsorption of Cd(II) was adsorbed when used 0.4gP-Zeolite after 50 minutes as 7.09 mg/g. In this optimum adsorption condition, adsorption amount of Cd(II) also increased if compared with Zeolite before modification as 5.98 mg/g with used 0.2g P-Zeolite and 30 minutes adsorption time.
Development of Ethnomathematics-Based Line and Angle e-Module for Asynchronous Online Learning Effectiveness
Authors: LATIF NILA SARI
Published: July 2022

The development of interactive mathematical teaching materials in the form of e-Module lines and angles based on ethnomathematics using local wisdom of the Bugis-Makassar tribe that is valid, practical, and effectively adopts the Dick and Carey model consisting of the stages of needs analysis, product design, validation, and evaluation. e-Modules are developed using an interactive book creator application containing learning videos, audio, interactive quizzes, animations, and images to make them look more attractive. For assignment activities, e-Modules are equipped with ethnomathematics -based LKPD using the local culture of the Bugis-Makassar tribe and are associated with mathematical concepts of line and angular materials. Some of the supporting applications used such as QR code, Microsoft form, Google form, Sparkol, Kine Master, PPT, and videos from Youtube about local culture. Based on the results of research and development of ethnomathematics -based e-Modules and angles from expert validation results, teacher, and student responses, it shows that this e-Module deserves to be used as teaching material for mathematics subjects in asynchronous online learning with a score of 3.60 expert validation results, a score of 3.5 for practicality from teachers, and 3.3 for practicality from learners. In addition, the use of e-Modules also shows an increase in learners' learning activities, motivation, and learning outcomes shown from posttest learners after completing learning in e-Modules that meet the category of at least 80% complete with a minimum score of 70
The Development Of Two Room Board Media With Ilustrated Story Boards Based On Realistic Mathematics On Integers Through Blended Learning Strategies
Authors: Aisyah Dwi Wahyuning
Published: July 2022

Blended learning as a combination of synchronous and asynchronous learning is a limited face-to-face learning solution in the current pandemic era. For this reason, the authors develop two-space boards interactive media  to facilitate students learning integers material with realistic math-based illustrated story books. The development uses a 4D model from Tiagarajan (1974) which consists of four steps: define, design, develop, and disseminate. Through a blended learning strategy that provides opportunities for students to interact with a two-room board media  combined with realistic math-based illustrated story books about the application of integers, it is hoped that students will be able to understand the concept of integers better. This teaching aid was tested on sixth grade students of SDN Jenang 02 Academic on 2021/2022. The result is that the use of a two-room board combined with a picture story book about the application of integer arithmetic operations in everyday life can improve understanding of the concept of counting integers, and the integration of its use with question cards can improve students' skills in arithmetic operations of addition and subtraction of integers.
A study on hydogeomorphological status of kadalundi river basin in kerala using geospatial technology
Authors: Bindu K B
Published: July 2022

Detailed hydro geomorphologic study has been carried out for Kadalundi River Basin in Kerala to understand the drainage pattern, spatial and temporal water availability using secondary data collected from different Departments. Geomorphological parameters have been estimated as a part of this study and it is found that Kadalundi river basin is a sixth order stream. The drainage pattern is complex with considerable variation in spatial arrangements, which are controlled by topography, slope, rock type and structural deformations. The basin is characterized by dendritic type of drainage pattern with variable density. The densest dendritic pattern is developed on the hard Charnockite and Gneissic rocks. In some areas, the drainage pattern is sub dendritic reflecting structural control. The existing land use pattern is derived from Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS – LISS II1, P6) using ERDAS software. Using hydrological toolset of Spatial Analyst, an extension of ArcGIS software, slope map, aspect map and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) have been derived. In addition, the basic thematic map on geology and soil also been derived.. For annual period, the rainfall varies from 1800- 4100 mm, 1400- 2600 mm for South –West monsoon period and 600-1100 mm for the North-East monsoon period.
comparison of cephalometric measurements with conventional lateral cephalic 2D and reconstructed lateral cephalic of CBCT
Authors: Calderón Manuel Estuardo Bravo , Pinos Marco Vinicio Bernal , Llivizaca Karina Viviana Morocho
Published: July 2022

Lateral cephalic radiography is mainly used to describe the morphology and growth of the craniofacial skeleton. It is considered a valuable diagnostic aid in orthodontics to plan treatment and evaluate the results. (1)(2) Cephalometric analyses requires identifying specific reference points and calculating various angular and linear dimensions. (3) Because cephalometry has been one of the most important diagnostic tools available to orthodontists for more than seven decades, different cephalometric norms have been published by leading physicians and researchers and it is used for: diagnosis, treatment progress, post-treatment evaluation, and research. (4) According to the orthodontic literature, other reconstructions such as lateral cephalic are known from more recent 3D cone beam computed tomography images. The attempt to develop 3D analysis and diagnosis is more interesting today. (4) (15) (23) Lateral cephalic radiographs are two-dimensional (2D) images that are used to represent three-dimensional (3D) structures. (5) Due to the different disadvantages of a 2D lateral cephalic X-ray: geometric distortion and the superposition of anatomical structures, 3D imaging has overcome the hurdle of 2D imaging by allowing orthodontists to visualize craniofacial structures without overlap or distortion.(6)(7)
Effect of apical negative irrigation on lateral canals of extracted teeth in endodontic treatment
Authors: Jaroli Shraddha , Singh Harmeet , Agrawal Nitin , Sharma Trapti , Ahmed Zubair , Janapala Ramesh Naidu
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of continuous apical negative ultrasonic irrigation into simulated lateral canals and the apical third in straight and curved root canals. Material and methods: Two simulated lateral canals were created 2, 4 and 6 mm from the working length in 120 single‑rooted teeth (6 canals/tooth, n = 360 straight, n = 360 curved). The teeth were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups: positive pressure irrigation (PPI) (n = 20); passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) (n = 20); continuous apical negative ultrasonic irrigation (CANUI) (n = 20). 20% Chinese ink was added to a 5% sodium hypochlorite solution and delivered into the root canals. Results: The results showed a significantly higher(P < 0.05) penetration of irrigant into the lateral canals and up to working length in the CANUI group for straight and curved roots. Conclusion: CANUI improves penetration into the lateral canals and up to the working length of the cleared teeth in straight and curved roots.
levels of depression in self-harming youths with a heterosexual and non-heterosexual orientation
Authors: Demuthova Slavka , Demuth Andrej , Jurcigova Zuzana
Published: July 2022

Self-harm is a high-risk behaviour that mainly occurs in youths as a response to psychological burdens. Its prevalence increases during psychologically demanding situations, under the influence of stress, within specific social groups (e.g., minorities) or in groups that have some mental or psychological conditions. The study concentrates on self-harming youths (aged from 15 to 25, AM = 19.32 years) and investigates the presence of a specific clinical category – depression – while also taking into account the sexual orientation of participants (N=252). The results show that self-harming youths have an extremely high score in the rating of depression (59.9% of participants reported extremely severe levels). The levels of depression are significantly higher (sig. of Mann-Whitney U test = 0.034) in non-heterosexual youths than those found in heterosexual self-harming peers (the majority). The influences of social stressors (stigmatization, victimization, prejudice, or discrimination) on minorities are discussed, together with a recommendation to examine the interrelationships between psychological stressors, clinical categories, and self-harming behaviour with an emphasis on the identification of risk factors for self-harm.
Design development alternatives for Alubijid Municipal water system in Misamis oriental, Philippines using EPANET
Authors: Caingles Vera Karla S. , Liwanag Florife D. , Calibara Jonathan B.
Published: July 2022

Providing safe and clean water is a concern and responsibility of the local government unit (LGU) in the Philippines. However, this is a great challenge to the LGU because of several factors such as availability of water supply, increasing population, low or no maintenance of existing water systems, and lack of engineering expertise. The general objective of this study is to come up with design development alternatives for Alubijid municipal water supply system in Misamis Oriental using EPANET. This study consists of two major stages, namely: the modelling stage and the design stage. The former includes modeling the physical features of the existing water supply system to EPANET. The design stage focused on the evaluation of the different sustainable alternatives available. The sources of potable water include groundwater through deepwell and surface water collected from springs. The design displays information on the projected population, supply-demand analysis, hydraulic design and analysis, and alternative network design for the area.
Comparative evaluation of epidural 0.75% ropivacaine and 0.75% ropivacaine with dexmedetomidine in lower abdominal surgeries, Govt Medical College
Authors: Naik Ravinder S. , Naik Giridhar L.
Published: July 2022

Background: For the lower abdomen, perineum, and lower limb surgery, spinal anesthetic is the most usually used block. Fentanyl, ketamine, tramadol, neostigmine, magnesium sulfate, and other adjuncts have been used to extend the analgesic impact of local anesthetics. Aim and objective: In this study, We looked for research that compared epidural with 0.75% ropivacaine and 0.75% ropivacaine with dexmedetomidine. The length of sensory and motor block, postoperative analgesia, and adverse effects of epidural anesthesia for lower abdominal procedures were all secondary objectives. Materials and Methods: Following the permission of the Institutional Ethical Committee and valid informed consent from all patients. This research looked at 100 ASA Grade I and II patients who had lower abdomen operations and were between the ages of 20 and 55. The patients were divided into two groups at random. Patients in Group A (n=50) received 20 mL of 0.75 percent Ropivacaine 150 mg epidurally. Patients in Group B (n=50) were given 20ml of 0.75 percent Ropivacaine with dexmedetomidine (1 g/kg body weight). The Student's t-test was used to compare categorical variables between groups.
Formulation and evaluation of polymeric microspheres of a poorly soluble drug celecoxib
Authors: Kundu Rajshekhar , Das Avinab , Maity Sourav , Sarkar Mainak Chakraborty Nilanjan , Mukherjee Swarupananda
Published: July 2022

The aim of this present work was to formulate microspheres of BCS Class II drug Celecoxib. The drug was identified by melting point study and FT-IR spectroscopy. Therapeutic success of a drug is greatly depended on its bioavailability. Majority of the recently discovered drugs shows poor solubility (BCS Class II) which decreases the bioavailability upon oral administration. Microspheres are a novel technique to circumvent this obstacle, which can increase bioavailability of drugs significantly. Polymeric microspheres with Polyvinylpyrrolidone and Eudragit L-100, prepared by Emulsion Solvent Diffusion and Evaporation technique, showed a range of drug release profile at intestinal pH 6.8. Different batches of microspheres were prepared by varying the drug-polymer ratio. Microparticulate systems like microspheres improve absorption which increases the bioavailability, ultimately leading to more efficient drug therapy. The microsphere system also provides protection to the gastric mucosa from GIT-irritant drugs thus decreasing toxic effects and sustained releases allows lower dosage frequency. Prepared microspheres were evaluated on various parameters like entrapment efficiency, %yield, particle size, scanning electron microscope analysis, and in-vitro drug release profile. Solid spherical microspheres were produced which showed good entrapment efficiency (43%-91%) and released 70-90% of the drug content in 10hrs.
Cadmium biological treatment with Saccharomyces bloulardii
Authors: Walli Hazim A. , Mosa Malak Abid
Published: July 2022

The bio removal process was carried out using Saccharomyces bloulardii and cadmium at concentrations (0.1,0.2,0.3 mg/ml) at temperature of 37°C and PH7 for a period (24,48,72 hours). The results showed that the highest of cadmium removal at concentration of 0.1 mg/ml. Also, it has been study of effect of incubation period on removing heavy element ions and it was found that the best period was72   hours compared to48   and 24 hours.
Education policy in the context of Vietnam's international integration
Authors: Van Vu Hong
Published: July 2022

Education plays an important role in the development of the country. Emphasizing this importance, the Communist Party of Vietnam has emphasized the "top national policy" position of education, which is concretized by the policies and laws of the state. In the context of Vietnam's international integration, education is considered a fundamental and important resource for national construction and development. However, there are many limitations in the implementation of the policy. This study focuses on analyzing the current situation of education policy, and the problems posed to education, thereby proposing solutions to improve education policy, meeting the needs of economic development - of Vietnam society in the future.
Phonocardiogram event-based delineation method using continuous wavelet transform
Authors: Shervegar Vishwanath Madhava
Published: July 2022

Objective: This paper represents a new method of Phonocardiogram delineation using the heart sound events extracted from the Continuous Wavelet transformation of the Phonocardiogram. Methods: The Phonocardiogram signals were filtered using the Chebyshev bandpass Type-II filter to remove the noise. A two-dimensional Time-Frequency Continuous Wavelet Transform operator was applied to the Phonocardiograms to convert the audio signal into the time-frequency Spectrogram. The Row sum of the Spectrogram matrix was evaluated by summing the matrix for all frequencies along with the time axis. The average of the row sum was calculated. This average value was then subtracted from the row sum. The intersection of the deduced row sum, after subtraction, indicated the boundaries of the Phonocardiogram. Beat identification in the Phonocardiogram was done using Fast Fourier Transform. Conclusion: The method can identify the boundaries of the sounds in the Phonocardiogram and indicate the presence of the First heart sound-systole-Second heart sound-diastole sequence with an accuracy of 90.1% and an F1 score of 94.8%. Significance: The method can be used to delineate Phonocardiograms without any external reference like ECG, PPG, or carotid Pulse. No additional signal processing overheads like noise threshold, activity detection, or feature extraction are involved.
morphometric CT- scan study of abdominal aorta
Authors: Arti Arti , Nagar Alka , Nidhi Nidhi
Published: July 2022

Background: The aorta consists of an ascending segment, a transverse segment or arch, and a descending segment consisting of descending thoracic aorta and descending abdominal aorta. Material and methods: The study group included 52 patients including 32 males and 20 females of age ranging between 6 yrs to 65yrs. The patients underwent computed tomographic aortic angiographic scan for various indications, at 64-slice CT center of the Department of Radio diagnosis. Results: In the present study, we found that the diameter at the level of T12 ranged from 10mm to 28.3 mm with a mean value of 17.77± 3.48 mm. Conclusion: The knowledge of the diameters of abdominal aorta at various levels can help in effective diagnostic tool in a case of abdominal aortic aneurysm and also for the endovascular treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm by vascular endograft implantation. Such more type of study required more region wise.
HR role in delevering effective corporate social responsibility (CSR)
Authors: Dadhabai Sundari , Kamara Sorie Saidu
Published: July 2022

Corporate social responsibility has gained significance in the present day due to increased expectations of public and Government from the organizations especially after the outbreak of COVID 19.  Now a day’s customers prefer only those companies which are contributing for the well being and they are finding it proud to be associated with such company products. Thus organizations started using CSR as a means of image building, competitive edge etc. Usually CSR indicates corporation's activities towards environmental protection, pollution prevention and social wellbeing..CSR is also known as "corporate citizenship" as every corporate is considered to be a citizen of the society it which it is functioning. CSR activities involve costs that may not provide any financial benefit to the organization, but CSR activities promote positive impact in the long run. Organizations started realizing that a company cannot prosper unless the society around it is safe, healthy, and prosperous. The present study was undertaken to know the role and contribution of HR department and Manager in creating awareness and enthusiasm among employees on one side and contributing for its effectiveness both in financial and non financial terms.
Impact of COVID-19 on the educational system of Sierra Leone
Authors: Kamara Sorie Saidu , Dadhabai Sundari
Published: July 2022

The COVID-19 outbreak has affected over 1.6 billion students in over 200 countries. Educational institutions' closures have impacted 94 percent of the students’ world population. The pandemics have caused crises in social, economic, political, educational, and other dimensions. Social distancing and policies of limited movement have completely disrupted the traditional technique of education; Sierra Leone is not an exception. As a result of the changes in the globe due to the pandemic of COVID-19 in 2020, the academic area has undergone significant alterations. Because of COVID-19 epidemic, many researchers have published their findings about classroom instruction. There were suspicions that 2020 academic year and even beyond might be lost. Due to this unique set of circumstances, the academic state of affairs has nearly completely changed. As a result, the epidemic presented an opportunity to prepare the path for online training, maintaining proper classroom spacing, and maintaining a teacher-to-student ratio in classrooms. The quality of such programmes, as well as what can be learned from them, is worthy of further consideration.
Drug resistant bacterial contamination of inanimate surfaces, equipment and health care workers in ICU of a tertiary care Hospital in North India
Authors: Farooq Shaika , Rishi Saqib , Dewani Safura , Bashir Lenah , Mahnoor Mahnoor
Published: July 2022

ICU-acquired infections are a challenging health problem worldwide as the patient’s immunity is already compromised and these infections are usually caused by MDR pathogens. In ICUs inanimate surfaces and equipment may be contaminated by bacteria. Cross-transmission of microorganisms from inanimate surfaces may have a significant role for ICU-acquired infections. Contamination may result from HCWs hands or by direct patient shedding of bacteria. This study was conducted to determine the rate of bacterial contamination on environmental surfaces and health care workers of ICU our hospital. Swabs from healthcare workers and surrounding environmental surfaces were collected randomly from Adult Intensive care units. Bacterial isolates were identified by standard microbiological techniques. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method and data was analyzed. A total of 35 samples were collected, of which 29 (82.8 %) samples yielded positive bacterial growth. Of these 29-positive growth, 10 (34.1%) were from hand swabs of HCWs, 10(34.1%) were from nasal swabs and 9(31.0%) were from environment. Seven different bacterial isolates were identified. Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus (CONS) 10(28.5%), MRSA 5(14.2%) and Klebsiella spp 5(14.2%) accounted for majority of the isolates followed by MSSA 3(8.5%), Pseudomonas spp 1(2.8%), E.coli 1(2.8%) and ASB 4(11.4%).