bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of asprin use on the outcome of patients admitted to the intensive care unit with COVID-19 infection
Authors: Aidouni Ghizlane El , Bouchlarhem Amine , Bkiyar Houssam , Ismaili Nabila , Ouafi Noha El , housni Brahim
Published: November 2022

Background
Our objective in this study is to know the impact of the use of asprin in anti-aggregation dose on the evolution during hospitalization of patients admitted in intensive care unit for a severe infection by SARS-COV-2.
Methods
We conducted a prospective study of patients admitted to our department with severe COVID-19 infection during the period between March 2020 and March 2022, analyzing the difference between the placebo group and the aspirin group on the primary endpoint of all-cause hospital mortality and the composite secondary endpoint of use of mechanical ventilation and thromboembolic events.
Results
Out of 1124 patients included, 32.6% died, with a protective effect of aspirin against placebo (Hazard-ratio = 0.691, p = 0.003), for thrombo-embolic complications, 104 events were observed, with a protective effect of aspirin (Hazard-Ratio = 0.448 and p = 0.001), finally regarding mechanical ventilation, there was no remarkable benefit on our sample.
Conclusion
Given the divergence of results of studies published in the literature, the availability of results of large randomized controlled trials is a necessity.
Cellular and non-cellular antioxidant properties of vitamin E loaded metallic- quercetin/polycaprolactone nanoparticles for the treatment of melanogenesis
Authors: Ramzan Nasreen , Hanif Muhammad , Mahmood Khalid , Shah Shahid , chughtai Fazal Rahman Sajid , Ameer Nabeela , Azeem Muhammad , Bashir Zakia , Siddique Farhan , Qaiser Muhammad
Published: November 2022

Inhibition of melanogenesis by quercetin and vitamin E are extensively reported in the literature, independently, with the limitations of their antioxidant potential owing to less permeation, slight solubility in water, decreased bioavailability and reduced stability. Aim of the present study was to enhance antioxidant properties of quercetin by the incorporation of zinc and copper that was proved by docking study, along with investigating the synergistic effect of vitamin E loaded nanoformulation. Optimized metallic complexes of quercetin was additionally used in graftingnovel transdermal absorbable nanoparticles of polycaprolactone with Vit. E (PCL-NPs, Q-PCL-NPs, Zn-Q-PCL-NPs, Cu-Q-PCL-NPs). Physiochemical analysis was used to characterize nanoparticles, polyphenol-metal-Vitamin E conjugation was strengthened by FTIR, zetasizer and PDI. Percentage release of vitamin E was 80 ± 0.54% in case of Cu-Q-PCL-NPs-E which may be due to increase in particle size even after 8h. Non-cellular antioxidant effect by DPPH was observed 93 ± 0.23% in Cu-Q-PCL-NPs-E which was double as compared to Zn-Q-PCL-NPs-E. Reactive oxidative spices (ROS) for cellular antioxidant properties on MCF-7 cell was observed 90 ± 0.32% with the addition of its anticancer behavior 89 ± 0.64% of Cu-Q-PCL-NPs-E after 6 and 24h. Interestingly, 80 ± 0.53% inhibition of melanocytes cells and 95 ± 0.54% increases of keratinocytes cells that proved the tyrosinase enzyme inhibition of Cu-Q-PCL-NPs-E with their 17 months shelf life. Conclusively, use of pure quercetin and its copper complex in simple and in vitamin E loaded nanoparticles, can provide better antioxidant properties with inhibition of melanin, which can be utilized in treatment of melanogenesis disease.
Warfarin dosing prediction algorithm assessments in Asian patients after aortic surgery
Authors: Peng Wenxing , Shi Xiujin , Zhang Yi , Zhang Yuwen , Han Jialun , Yan Jialing , Qiao Huanyu , Lin Yang
Published: November 2022

Background: To evaluate the accuracy and predictive performance of multiple linear regression algorithms, Gage algorithm and International Warfarin Pharmacogenetics Consortium (IWPC) algorithm, and Bayesian algorithm for the maintenance dose of warfarin in Asian patients after aortic surgery.
Methods:The predictive performance of Gage, IWPC and Bayesian algorithm were compared by calculating mean prediction error (MPE), mean squared error (MSE), root-mean-squared error (RMSE), and the percentage of patients whose predicted warfarin dose fell within 20% of the maintenance dose. Then the predictive performance of each algorithm was calculated separately in conventional dose group (dose of warfarin between 3mg and 3.75mg) and unconventional dose group (dose less than 3mg or more than 3.75mg).
Results: Among three algorithms, the Gage algorithm predicted the warfarin dose with the highest percentage within 20% (58.1%). Bayesian-priori (dose estimation before starting therapy) algorithm had the highest RMSE (1.45 mg/day) and the lowest percentage within 20% (40.9%). The algorithm of Gage method tended to perform better in the conventional dose group (percentage within 20%: 70.0%), and Bayesian-priori method performed better in the unconventional dose group (percentage within 20%: 38.5%). And as the number of international normalized ratio (INR) observations increases, the predictive performance of Bayesian-posteriori (dose estimation after initiating therapy) algorithm showed an increasing trend in both groups and a significantly higher advantage, especially in the unconventional dose group.
Conclusion: For Asian patients after aortic surgery, the Gage algorithm was appropriate for patients requiring conventional dose (2.25-3.75mg). Bayesian-posteriori algorithm might be more appropriate for patients requiring high dose or low dose (＜2.25mg or＞3.75mg).
The detection of goat milk adulteration with cow milk using a combination of voltammetric fingerprints and chemometrics analysis
Authors: Demiati Demiati , Wahyuni Wulan Tri , Rafi Mohamad , Putra Budi Riza
Published: November 2022

In this study, a novel analytical approach was developed for detecting and predicting adulteration of goat milk with cow milk using a combination of voltammetric fingerprints and chemometrics analysis. The fresh milk samples were obtained from local farmers and analyzed using cyclic voltammetry technique using a glassy carbon electrode as the working electrode and KClO4 as the supporting electrolyte. The voltammetric fingerprint was obtained from both milk samples and showed an anodic peak between a potential range of 0.40 to 0.75 V vs. Ag/AgCl. This anodic peak is mainly attributed to several electroactive species contained in both milk samples. The current intensities at the potential range of 0 V to + 1 V vs Ag/AgCl were further selected due to the majority of electroactive components in the milk samples having their oxidation potential in this potential range. The current intensities were further pre-treated using maximum normalization and submitted to the chemometric tools for multivariate analysis. Orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis provided clear discrimination between goat and cow milk. Meanwhile, the prediction of goat milk adulteration with cow milk was achieved using partial least squares regression analysis. These multivariate analysis enabled a satisfactory discrimination and successful model to predict the percentage of cow milk as adulterants in goat milk samples. The demonstrated results revealed that a combination of voltammetric fingerprints and chemometrics tools might offer a low-cost, simple, and rapid analysis which might be possible as a promising method to be developed further for the detection of adulterants.
The effect of congestion on the estimation of the rate of progress and regression of decision- making units in data envelopment analysis
Authors: Mirakhorli Atieh , Valami Hadi Bagherzadeh
Published: November 2022

DEA is a technique for measuring the efficiency and performance of decision-making units (DMUs) with multiple inputs and outputs. The term overload in the literature DEA refers to the overuse of the source, which reduces the output and thus the efficiency. This problem changes over time, and the progress and rate of decline of the units can be measured by these changes. In this paper, the Malmquist productivity index and congestion are used to measure the progress and regression of units over time. The proposed model can change the congestion changes in addition to calculating the efficiency and technology changes by changing the relative distances in the Mamquist productivity index. The criterion for congestion is the fraction \(({e}_{o}^{i}\)(j))/\({c}_{o\left(j\right)}^{i}\), and the lower it is, the lower the congestion to be evaluated, and if it is 1, there is no congestion. Thus, by applying this criterion to the structure of the Malmquist productivity index, two categories of distances, performances, and congestion are used in the calculation of progress and regression of unity.
Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study highlights the global, regional, and national trends of gout and its risk factor, 1990 to 2050
Authors: Wu Junyun , Lin Xiling , Zhang Tianyue , Ye Lingxia , Huang Xing , Shen Yuyan , Qiao Jie , Shan Pengfei , Shan Peng-Fei
Published: November 2022

Background The long-term and future trends in gout burden have rarely been reported. We aimed to analyze the trends in gout-related burden from 1990 to 2019 and forecast the trends from 2020 to 2050.
Methods We extracted data on incidence cases, age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and age-standardized DALY rates, and calculated age-specific age-standardized rate (ASR). We also calculated the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) to quantify trends in gout-related incidence and DALYs. The ASIRs and age-standardized DALY rates were predicted to 2050 using the Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. The 95% uncertainty interval (UI) were calculated for all the estimates.
Result Persistent increasing trends in gout-related ASIRs and the age-standardized DALY rates were observed from 1990 to 2019.The trends will remain increasing until in 2050. High BMI played a more vital role in causing gout in both younger and middle-aged group, while gout in older-aged was more often caused by the kidney disfunction. Moreover, group 65 and over years old were more susceptible to gout, and males were more likely to suffer from gout than females.
Conclusion Gout-related both the ASIRs and the age-standardized DALY rates are expected to increase in most regions by 2050.Thus, gout remains a worldwide public health challenge, especially in high SDI countries, where more attention and health project services are needed. Given the differences on burden of gout, future successful interventions should be based on country-, age- and sex-specific distributions so as to reduce the burden of gout.
Interference Recommendation for the Pump Sizing Process in Progressive Cavity Pumps using Graph Neural Networks
Authors: Starke Leandro , Hoppe Aurélio Faustino , Sartori Andreza , Stefenon Stefano Frizzo , Leithardt Valderi Reis Quietinho
Published: November 2022

Pump sizing is the process of dimensional matching an impeller and stator to provide a satisfactory performance test result and good service life during the operation of progressive cavity pumps. In this process, historical data analysis and dimensional monitoring are done manually, consuming a large number of man-hours and requiring a deep knowledge of progressive cavity pump behavior. This paper proposes the use of graph neural networks in the construction of a prototype to recommend interference during the pump sizing process in a progressive cavity pump. For this, data from different expert applications were used in addition to individual control excel spreadsheets to build the database used in the prototype. From the pre-processed data, complex network techniques and the betweenness centrality metric were used to calculate the degree of importance of each order confirmation, as well as to calculate the dimensionality of the rotors. Using the proposed model a mean squared error of 0.28 was obtained for the cases where there were recommendations for order confirmations. Based on the results obtained, it was realized that there is a similarity with the dimensional defined by design engineers during the pump sizing process and this approach can be used to validate the project definitions.
Prescription Pattern Analysis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study in Isfahan, Iran
Authors: Ziad Elnaz , Malekpour Mohammad-Reza , Farzadfar Farshad
Published: November 2022

Background
Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) are at a higher risk of polypharmacy and more susceptible to irrational prescriptions; therefore, pharmacological therapy patterns are important to be monitored. The primary objective of this study was to highlight the current prescription patterns in TD2M patients and compare them with the existing standards of medical care in diabetes. The second objective was to analyze whether age and gender affect prescription patterns.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted using Iran Health Insurance Organization (IHIO) prescription database. It was mined by an Association Rule Mining (ARM) technique, named FP-Growth, in order to find co-prescribed drugs with anti-diabetic medications. The algorithm was implemented on different levels of Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system, which assigns different codes to drugs based on their anatomy, pharmacological, therapeutics and chemical properties, to provide in-depth analysis of co-prescription patterns.
Results
Altogether the prescriptions of 914,652 patients, out of which 91,505 were diabetic, were analyzed. According to our results, prescribing Lipid Modifying Agents (C10) (56.3%), Agents Acting on The Renin-Angiotensin System (C09) (48.9%), Antithrombotic Agents (B01) (35.7%), and Beta Blocking Agents (C07) (30.1%) were meaningfully associated with the prescription of Drugs Used in Diabetes. Our study also revealed that female diabetic patients have a higher chance of taking Antithyroid agents, and the older the patients were, the more they were prone to take neuropathy-related medications.
Conclusions
Almost all of the association rules found in this research were clinically meaningful, proving the potential of ARM for co-prescription pattern discovery. Moreover, implementing level-based ARM was effective for detecting difficult-to-spot rules. Additionally, the majority of drugs prescribed by physicians were consistent with the Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes.
Multiple primary cancers composed of lung cancer and cardiac lymphoma：a case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Qian , Li Yi , Wang Qiu
Published: November 2022

Background: Malignant tumors originating from the heart are rare. Here, we report a case of lung squamous cell carcinoma and primary cardiac lymphoma.
Case Presentation: A 74-year-old man with a 10-year history of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung was admitted to the hospital for 1 year due to chest tightness and pressure in the precordial area during activities. PET-CT showed multiple metastases throughout the body, but multiple punctures obtained no clear pathological evidence. To improve the patient's cardiac symptoms, combined with the known history of squamous cell carcinoma, the chemotherapy of albumin-paclitaxel + carboplatin combined with intensity-modulated radiotherapy for residual lesions was performed, and the effect was improved. The patient developed tumor progression during re-examination, and a pathological examination was obtained, confirming the diagnosis of primary cardiac diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Unfortunately, the patient died of heart failure while awaiting medical examination, with a total overall survival (OS) of 10 months.
Conclusions: Primary cardiac lymphoma (PLC) is rare and has an extremely poor prognosis. Therefore, rapid diagnosis is crucial for patient outcomes. If no pathological evidence can be obtained, understanding how to make a clinical diagnosis becomes essential. The characteristics of this case and examinations provide a foundation for clinical diagnosis and aim to improve treatment methods and options for PCL patients.
Rehabilitation Methods for Patients with Geographic Atrophy due to Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Effects of Rehabilitation on Quality of Life
Authors: Acar Damla Erginturk , Batioglu Figen , Idil Aysun , Sahli Esra , Goksuluk Dincer
Published: November 2022

Purpose
To evaluate the low vision rehabilitation methods and to investigate the effectiveness of visual rehabilitation on quality of life in patients with low vision with geographic atrophy due to age-related macular degeneration (ARMD).
Methods
Seventy-eight well-sighted eyes of 78 patients with geographic atrophy due to ARMD were included in the study. Sociodemographic characteristics, eye examination findings, low vision aid methods chosen for near and far distance of patients were recorded. Fifty eight patients using a low vision aid device were named as the rehabilitation group, whereas 21 patients who never used the device were named as the control group. The National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25) was applied to all patients at the initial examination and at least 6 months after the visual rehabilitation/or initial examination.
Results
In the rehabilitation group, statistically significant increases were found in the overall composite score, general vision, near and distance activities, social functioning, mental health, role difficulties, and dependency subscale scores of the NEI-VFQ-25 quality of life scale after low vision rehabilitation (p = 0.009 general vision, p < 0.001; for others )In the control group, there was no statistically significant change in any of the overall score and subscales of the quality of life scale.
Conclusions
Low vision patients with ARMD-related geographic atrophy should meet with low vision rehabilitation methods as soon as possible and should be included in low vision rehabilitation programs.
Efficacy of two topical fluralaner formulations (Bravecto® ; Bravecto® Plus) against Asian longhorned tick (Haemaphysalis longicornis) infestations of cats
Authors: Petersen Melissa , Maree Riaan , Pretorius Henda , Liebenberg Julian E , Guerino Frank
Published: November 2022

Background

The invasive tick species, Haemaphysalis longicornis, is becoming established in the United States, presenting a growing threat to dogs and cats. Two 90-day studies were initiated, the same protocol in each, to confirm the efficacy of a single application of two fluralaner formulations against H. longicornis infestations of cats.

Methods

Cats were randomized between three groups in a 1:1:1 ratio (10 cats/group). Group 1 cats were untreated controls; Group 2 cats were treated with a topical fluralaner formulation (Bravecto®); Group 3 cats received a topical formulation containing fluralaner and moxidectin (Bravecto® Plus). Treatments were administered once (Day 0) at the label dose rates. Each cat was infested with 50 H. longicornis on Day − 7 for study qualification, and Days − 2, 28, 58, and 88. Tick counts were completed on Days − 5, 2, 30, 60 and 90. To allow between-group comparisons at any assessment, at least six Group 1 cats were required to retain at least 25% of the infestation dose. The primary objective was based on percentage reductions in arithmetic mean tick counts.

Results

Pre-study infestations showed all study cats were susceptible to tick challenge. Except for Day 2 in one study, at least six control cats retained ≥ 25% of each challenge, demonstrating an adequate infestation for efficacy assessments. Across studies on Days 2, 30, 60 and 90, the mean live tick infestation rate (number of ticks recovered from each cat/infesting challenge to each cat) of Group 1 cats ranged from 25.0 to 69.6%. Efficacy of each formulation, based on live tick counts, was 100% on Day 2 and > 95 to 100% at each subsequent assessment. Between-group differences were statistically significant (P < 0.0001) for each treatment versus control comparison.

Conclusion

At the label dose rate, both topical fluralaner formulations were 100% effective in eliminating H. longicornis ticks from cats infested at the time of treatment. Efficacy of > 95 to 100% was then maintained through 90 days following a single application. Fluralaner is therefore a treatment of choice for protecting cats against this invasive tick species.
Efficacy of fluralaner chewable tablets (Bravecto ® ) against Asian longhorned tick (Haemaphysalis longicornis) infestations of dogs
Authors: Petersen Melissa , Maree Riaan , Viljoen Alta , Liebenberg Julian E , Guerino Frank
Published: November 2022

Background
The parthenogenic reproductive ability of Haemaphysalis longicornis, facilitating quick life cycle completion and rapid geographic spread, and its pathogen vector potential make infestations a risk to human and canine health. Two 90-day studies were initiated to evaluate the efficacy of a single fluralaner administration for the treatment and prevention of H. longicornis infestations on dogs.
Methods
Dogs were randomly assigned (10 dogs/group) to either an untreated control group or a group treated once (Day 0) with 13.64% w/w fluralaner chewable tablets (Bravecto®) at the minimum label dose rate of 25 mg/kg. Each dog was infested with approximately 50 H. longicornis ticks on Days − 9 or -6 and on Days − 2, 28, 58, and 88. A different US tick isolate was used in each study. Tick counts were completed on Days − 7 or -4, 2, 30, 60 and 90. The primary efficacy criterion was a 90% reduction in arithmetic mean tick counts between the treated and control groups. For between-group comparisons at any assessment, at least six control dogs were required to retain at least 25% of the infestation dose (13 live ticks).
Results
Pre-study infestations demonstrated susceptibility of all study dogs to challenge with H. longicornis. At each subsequent assessment in both studies, at least seven untreated control dogs retained ≥ 25% of the challenge, demonstrating adequate infestations for each efficacy calculation. On Days 2, 30, 60 and 90 the mean live tick infestation rate (number of ticks recovered from each dog/infesting challenge of each dog) of untreated control dogs ranged from 27.8 to 60.8%. No live ticks, free or attached, were found on any fluralaner-treated dog in either study. Between-group differences were statistically significant (P ≤ 0.0002) at each assessment.
Conclusion
At the minimum recommended label dose rate of 25 mg/kg, fluralaner chewable tablets were 100% effective in eliminating H. longicornis ticks from dogs infested at the time of treatment. Complete efficacy against both US isolates of this tick was maintained through 90 days following a single treatment. Therefore, fluralaner is a treatment of choice for protecting dogs against this invasive tick species.
The association of HHLA2 and PD-L1 expression with prognosis and immune microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Chun-Hua , Chen Shi-Lu , Yang Xia , Wu Ting , Liu Li-Li , Yun Jing-Ping
Published: November 2022

Background
HHLA2, a newly discovered B7 family member, is widely expressed in numerous tumors and regulates the immune microenvironment. However, its prognostic value remains controversial, and the roles of HHLA2 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression patterns of HHLA2 and PD-L1 in HCC and elaborate their relationship with TILs (tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes) and the prognosis of patients with HCC.
Methods
HHLA2 and PD-L1 expression were evaluated through immunohistochemistry (IHC) and analyzed in relation to clinicopathological characteristics in cancer tissues from HCC cases (n = 547). When membranous or cytoplasmatic expression of PD-L1 > = 1% was considered a positive expression. The percentage (%) and quantification (per mm2) of TILs were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining (HE). The quantification of CD3+, CD4 + and CD8 + TILs (per mm2) was evaluated by IHC.
Results
The positive rates of HHLA2 were comparable with those of PD-L1 in HCC tissues according to immunohistochemistry score. HHLA2-positive expression was significantly associated with old age, low serum AFP level and well tumor differentiation, and indicated a better overall survival (OS). Besides, HHLA2 expression was significantly associated with a low density of stromal TILs. However, PD-L1 expression on TC (Tumor cells) was significantly associated with a high density of stromal TILs, CD3 + and CD8 + TILs, similarly, PD-L1 expression on IC (Inflammatory cells) were also correlated with high density of stromal TILs, CD3+, CD4 + and CD8 + TILs. Notably, a new immune classification, based on HHLA2/PD-L1, successfully stratified OS, and patients with HHLA2(+)/PD-L1(-) status had the longest survival.
Conclusion
HHLA2 has a critical impact on the immune microenvironment and can be used as an independent prognostic factor for HCC. Combined the expression of HHLA2 and PD-L1 can be used as a new classification to stratify the risk of progression and death for patients with HCC. Our study may provide evidence for improving responses to immunotherapy-included comprehensive treatment for HCC in the future.
Existence of three solutions for the fractional p-LAPLACIAN elliptic Dirichlet problems
Authors: Heidarkhani Shapour , Gharehgazloue Fariba , Barilla David , Caristi Giuseppe
Published: November 2022

An optimization problem is formed of maximizing or minimizing a real function. Optimization problems appear in the mathematical modeling of real-world systems and cover a very broad range of applications aris- ing in economics, finance, physics, engineering and computer science. Global optimization has its focus on finding the maximum or minimum over all input values. Global optimization has its focus on finding the maximum or minimum over all input values. In our work, we shall look for local minima for the Euler functional corresponding to the prob- lem. In recent years, a great attention has been focused on the study of fractional and nonlocal operators of elliptic type, both for the pure mathematical research and for concrete real-world applications. In this article, we consider the fractional p-Laplacian elliptic Dirichlet prob- lem that possesses one control parameter and a Lipschitz nonlinearity order of p − 1. The multiplicity of the weak solutions is proved by means of the variational method and critical point theory. We investigate the existence of at least three solutions to the fractional p-Laplacian.
Existence results for a discrete fractional boundary value problem driven by p-Laplacian operator
Authors: Heidarkhani Shapour , Moradi Shahin , Barilla David , Caristi Giuseppe
Published: November 2022

Global optimization concentrates on finding the maximum or mini- mum over all input values. Optimization problems are ubiquitous in the mathematical modeling of real-world systems and cover a very broad range of applications arising in all branches of economics, finance, chemistry, materials science, astronomy, physics, structural and molec- ular biology, engineering, computer science, and medicine. In this paper, we shall discuss the existence of at least one weak solution and infinitely many weak solutions for a discrete fractional bound- ary value problems driven by p-Laplacian operator. In particular, in our work, we shall look for local minima for the Euler functional cor- responding to discrete fractional boundary value problems involving p-Laplacian. On the other hand, equations involving the discrete p- Laplacian operator, subjected to classical or less classical boundary conditions, have been widely studied by many authors using various tech- niques. Our technical approach is based on variational methods. Some recent results are extended and improved. Moreover, some examples are presented to demonstrate the application of our main results.
Assessment of Multiple Model Algorithms to Predict Earthworm Geographic Distribution Range and Biodiversity in Germany: implications for soil-monitoring and species-conservation needs
Authors: Salako Gabriel , Russell David John , Stucke Andres , Eberhardt Einar
Published: November 2022

Identifying the potential distribution of soil-biodiversity with its density and richness relationships, including constituent species, is a pre-requisite for the assessment, conservation and protection of soil biodiversity and the soil functions it drives. Although the role of earthworms in improving soil quality has long been established, to quantitatively and spatially assess how this soil-animal group’s distribution changes along environmental gradients and geographic space and the identification of the drivers of such change has not been fully investigated. This comprehensive study aimed at modelling and mapping earthworm spatial distribution and diversity patterns to determine their conservation needs and provide baseline reference data for Germany. The study compared multiple modelling algorithms to map earthworm community parameters and 12 species-specific distribution probabilities, calculate their geographic range sizes and determine responses to environmental predictor variables. Three general patterns of spatial distribution ranges were identified by the model predictions (large-range, mid-range, and restricted-range species) with the corresponding environmental contributions to the predictions. Modelled species responses to environmental predictors confirm observed environmental drivers of earthworm distribution in Germany. The range classes based both on distributional level and geographic space provide the necessary information for identifying conservation and decision-making priorities, especially for restricted-distribution species as well as those with clearly defined habitat preferences.
Acetylation of Smad1 promotes tumorigenesis and chemoresistance via competitive attenuation of p300-mediated p53 acetylation in glioblastoma
Authors: Gong Lingli , Xu Daxing , Pu Zhening , Zhang Bo , Yin Ying , Ji Li , Wang Jingjing , Hu Yaling , Meng Jiao , Zhang Rui , Fang Xiangming , Jiao Jiantong , Zou Jian
Published: November 2022

Aberrant post-translational modification (PTM) is a key molecular event inciting p53 tumor suppressor function loss or transformation. Here, we report that p53 acetylation, independent of the overall level of p53 expression, predicts improved survival in glioblastoma (GBM). It revealed that acetylation at the C-terminal domain (CTD) reversed tumorigenic gain of function (GOF) of p53 mutants in GBM. An important finding was that acetylation not only strengthened the tumor suppression of wild-type p53, but also reinforced the chemosensitivity of GBM cells with missense mutant p53, as evidenced by attenuated DNA damage repair. Mechanical exploration revealed that the acetylation of p53 in GBM was negatively regulated by Smad1. Smad1 served as an oncoprotein in GBM by promoting tumorigenesis and chemoresistance in a BMP or TGF-β independent manner. It formed a ternary complex with p53 through the MH1 domain and with p300 through the MH2 domain, inhibiting p300-mediated p53 acetylation via competitively binding of the C-terminus of p300. Acetylated Smad1 was identified by p300 at the lysine site 373 (K373). Smad1 acetylation was indispensable due to its transcriptional activity and onco-functions. Collectively, this study highlights that acetylation is critical for p53 and Smad1 functions, and that Smad1 acts as an oncoprotein partially by impairing p53 acetylation in GBM.
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of IL1RAPL1 in stem cells highlights a role in neural cell migration during cortical development
Authors: Holden Katie , Rath Phalguni , Drydale Edward , Bancroft James , Handunnetthi Lahiru
Published: November 2022

Genetic risk factors contribute to cortical developmental abnormalities observed in a range of neurodevelopmental disorders including autism and schizophrenia. Emerging evidence suggests that IL1RAPL1is a common risk gene across many neurodevelopmental disorders. We combined CRISPR gene editing with induced pluripotent stem cell derived neuronal and microglia model systems to study the function effects of a disease relevant deletion in IL1RAPL1. We investigated several key aspects of human cortical development ranging from radial glia extension, neuronal progenitor migration, excitatory synapse formation and synaptic pruning by microglia. We found that the IL1RAPL1 deletion restricted neural cell migration and excitatory synapse formation in our model system. These findings provide new insight into how rare genetic mutations in IL1RAPL1 can exert deleterious effects on the developing human cortex.
Ultrasound stimulation of piezoelectric nanocomposite hydrogels boosts cartilage regeneration
Authors: Ricotti Leonardo , Cafarelli Andrea , Manferdini Cristina , Trucco Diego , Vannozzi Lorenzo , Gabusi Elena , Fontana Francesco , Dolzani Paolo , Saleh Yasmin , Lenzi Enrico , Columbaro Marta , Piazzi Manuela , Bertacchini Jessika , Aliperta Andrea , Cain Markys , gemmi mauro , Parlanti Paola , Jost Carsten , Fedutik Yirij , Nessim Gilbert , Telkhozhayeva Madina , Teblum Eti , Dumont Erik , Delbaldo Chiara , Codispoti Giorgia , Martini Lucia , Tschon Matilde , Fini Milena , Lisignoli Gina
Published: November 2022

Osteoarthritis implies a progressive degeneration of the whole joint. Cartilage is particularly affected, with inflammation playing a pivotal role1. In recent years, cartilage regeneration has been pursued through several bioengineering strategies and using different stem cell types2-6. Adipose -derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASCs) constitute an intriguing and minimally invasive option. However, the use of ASCs for cartilage regeneration is hampered by a relatively inefficient expression of key chondrogenic markers7. Thus, new strategies to boost both in situ targeting and chondrogenesis of ASCs are highly desirable. Here we show that ASCs embedded in a nanocomposite hydrogel including piezoelectric nanomaterials and graphene oxide nanoflakes, and stimulated with ultrasound waves with precisely controlled parameters (1 MHz and 250 mW/cm2, for 5 min once every two days for a period of 10 days) dramatically boost cell chondrogenic commitment. Furthermore, this stimulation regimen also has a considerable anti-inflammatory effect. The proposed nanocomposite hydrogel also shows excellent biocompatibility in vivo. Our results show for the first time the chondrogenic potential of the combined piezoelectric nanoparticle-ultrasound stimulus; the proposed paradigm has the potential to trigger cartilage regeneration in osteoarthritis, focal cartilage defects and other pathological conditions involving cartilage lesions and degeneration. Future efforts should expand preclinical data, and target clinical applications of this therapeutic strategy.
Description of the demicyclic life cycle of Puccinia sherardiana in Sphaeralcea angustifolia in Mexico.
Authors: Sánchez-Pale Jesús Ricardo , Leal-León Ivan , QUEZADA-SALINAS ANDRES , Moreno-Velazquez Magnolia
Published: November 2022

During 2017 and 2018, plants with dark brown lesions containing hypophilic telia surrounded by chlorotic halos were collected on leaves and stems of Sphaeralcea angustifolia located in Axapusco, Estado de México. Based on the morphological characteristics of pycnia, aecia and telia observed in light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, the fungus Puccinia sherardiana was identified. No uredinal status was present during the observation period. Verification of identity was performed by phylogenetic analysis with a ribosomal DNA 28S gene sequence. Additionally, pathogenicity tests were performed on leaves of S. angustifolia by inoculation of teliospores. The inoculated plants developed symptoms 15 days after inoculation, beginning with the presence of errupent aecia in the epidermis of the host and later telia were formed, completing Koch's Postulates. Puccinia sherardiana was previously described as a rust with a microcyclic life cycle on species of the genera Alcea, Malvastrum, Sidalcea and Sphaeralcea, belonging to the Malvaceae family, however, this study showed that this phytopathogenic fungus has a demicyclic life cycle.
Dynamic Evolution Analysis of Social Network in cMOOC Based on RSiena Model
Authors: Xu Yaqian , Du Junlei
Published: November 2022

The network is a key concept which has been highly valued in connectivism. Research about the static characteristics of social networks in connectivist learning has been carried out in recent years, however, little knowledge exists regarding the principles of network evolution from a dynamic perspective. This article chose the first connectivist massive open and online course (cMOOC) in China, “Internet plus Education: Dialogue between Theory and Practice” as the research object, using the dynamic analysis method of social networks which is based on stochastic actor-oriented models, to reveal the influence of the individual attributes and network structural attributes on the dynamic evolution of social networks in a cMOOC. We found that: 1) the learners with the same sex, the same social identity, and the same type of behaviour tendency found it much easier to interact with each other; 2) there is a heterogeneous phenomenon with course identity, meaning that compared to communicating with other learners, learners are more inclined to reply to a facilitator; and 3) the reciprocity and transitivity have significant effects on social network evolution. This study is valuable for understanding the network evolution and has implications for the improvement of cMOOC design, in turn improving the online learning experience for cMOOC learners.
The Interconnectivity of Heutagogy and Education 4.0 in Higher Online Education
Authors: Kim Jeanne
Published: November 2022

Industry 4.0 advancements in technology are creating a dynamic and fast changing world that affects how we live and work. Educators need to rethink existing teaching approaches to better prepare learners for future careers that Industry 4.0 will create. The World Economic Forum defined a new education model, called Education 4.0, which contains eight major changes to redefine learning in the new economy. Heutagogy, or self-determined learning, is an approach that promotes critical thinking, social-emotional skills, and life-long learning. These skills are necessary for Education 4.0. The purpose of this paper is to recommend the principles of heutagogy as an effective teaching and learning approach to meet the needs of Education 4.0. The approach of the study examines existing literature on Education 4.0 and heutagogy. A conceptual model that interconnects heutagogy to the four learning principles of Education 4.0 will be offered as a key finding to answer the research question: How does heutagogy in higher online education meet the needs of Education 4.0? The paper provides a base for further research and discussion into how heutagogy and other approaches can support the needs of Education 4.0 to prepare learners for a changing world.
Defining and Exploring Broadband Connections and Education Solutions in Canada’s North
Authors: Soanes-White Tammy
Published: November 2022

The use of technology and need for connection across distance permeates all education environments; nowhere is this more important than in Canada’s Northwest Territories. Broadband and telecommunications issues within the Northwest Territories are complex due to its vast geographical area and community dispersion, making connectivity and accessibility inconsistent. Due to these conditions, the North relies on a variety of broadband solutions to improve Internet speeds and access to education at a distance. This paper analyzes the impacts that broadband capacity and Internet access have on remote education by examining geographic information system data, which offers a framework that connects spatial and temporal data to analyse accessibility of remote education. Characteristics such as spatial location of communities, infrastructure (road systems), and the overlay of various broadband options will illustrate constraints and (dis)connectivity in various regions and inform readers about the complexity of remote connections. Analysis of current upload and download speeds from various regions and their impact on access to education supports geospatial data and analysis that the digital divide in remote regions of Canada has increased and is widening. Improving equitable access to postsecondary education will require a greater reliance on technology-enabled practices to improve learning opportunities.
Artificial Intelligence in the Fourth Industrial Revolution to Educate for Sustainable Development
Authors: Ally Mohamed , Perris Kirk
Published: November 2022

There has been increasing interest in the use of Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies such as artificial intelligence to help achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Recently, multilateral organizations have sponsored initiatives to make countries aware of the benefits of using artificial intelligence for sustainable developm­ent and to educate citizens to improve quality of life. This paper explores aspects of employing artificial intelligence for sustainable development, with a focus on lifelong learning, and inclusive and equitable quality education. Data are drawn from a thematic review of 32 academic peer-reviewed journal articles and interviews with six international experts. Findings include examples of benefits and challenges of artificial intelligence to address sustainable development and education.
Editorial
Authors: Ally Mohamed , Zhang Weiyuan
Published: November 2022

This special issue of the Canadian Journal of Learning Technology contains articles presented at the Rethinking Online Education in the Knowledge Society with Emerging Technology Symposium jointly hosted by Beijing Normal University, Athabasca University, and Chongqing Open University in November 2021. The symposium was organized by the Chongqing Open University, China.
Perception and Acceptability of Reusable Menstrual Pads among Secondary School Girls in Ilorin, Kwara State
Authors: Olayinka A Onasoga,
Published: November 2022

The inability to afford disposable menstrual pads is a major problem in girls and women in the developing. Therefore, there is a need for low-cost options like reusable sanitary pads. Reusable sanitary pads are a cheap, effective and empowering tool for young girls who cannot afford disposable materials. A cross- sectional descriptive research design was used to determine perception and acceptability of reusable menstrual pads among secondary school girls in Ilorin, Kwara State. Data were collected using a self-structured questionnaire and a purposive sampling technique was used to select 262 respondents from the target population. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and the level of significance was set at 5%. The findings of the study revealed that the majority of the respondents attain menarche at the age of 10 and 12 years. More than half of the respondents had poor perception 145 (55.3%) and poor acceptability 148 (56.5%) about reusable menstrual pads. The major reasons for non-acceptability of reusable menstrual pad were lack of awareness 72 (27.5%), stress of washing reusable menstrual pads36 (13.7%), risk of contracting infection 24 (9.2%) and inability to afford it 10 (3.8%). This study therefore recommended that menstrual health promotion campaigns and interventions should be put in place to promote positive perception and accessibility to reusable menstrual pads among young girls in the face of the Nigeria economic crisis where women and young girls constantly experience period poverty. Keywords: Acceptability, Menstruation, Perception, Reusable pads, Secondary school girls.
Recent Trends in the Incidence of Salivary Gland Malignancies
Authors: Seok Jungirl , Park Eun Hye , Jung Kyu-Won , Chang Jae Won
Published: November 2022

Due to the low incidence and histologic diversity of salivary gland cancer, analyzing the incidence of salivary gland cancer is necessary to understand the macroscopic aspects. We intend to investigate the international trend of the reported incidence rate of salivary gland cancer. Using the Korea Central Cancer Registry data, the domestic change in the incidence rate was examined. As a result, a significant increasing trend was confirmed, consistent with the United States and Japan trends. The etiology of the change is unclear, and various factors that may influence the direction are reported. Additional research is needed to understand the pathophysiology of salivary gland cancer, and further efforts are required to understand salivary gland cancer.
A Case of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Presenting as Cervical Lymphadenopathy
Authors: Kang Hyun Seok , Park Jae Seon , Kim Tae Hwan , Lee Sang Hyuk
Published: November 2022

Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) is a multisystemic disorder of autoimmune etiology. SLE can occur commonly in young women, and the early symptoms include fever, myalgia, arthralgia, weight loss, lymphadenopathy and these nonspecific symptoms develop into skin rash, splenomegaly, serositis and encephalopathy. Diagnosis of SLE requires clinical and serologic criteria, and treatment choices are hydroxyquinolone and NSAIDs for mild disease, corticosteroids and immunosuppressant for severe disease.In lupus patient, the prevalence of lymphadenopathy is 12~59%. Although lymphadenopathy is common finding in SLE, it is hard to distinguish in early phase of SLE.A 38-year-old woman visited our hospital for cervical lymphadenopathy with polyarthritis and malaise. Multiple cervical lymph nodes enlargement was found on Neck CT, and serologic laboratory test including ANA, antiphospholipid antibody, and anti-dsDNA was positive. For excluding lymphoma, PET-CT and excisional biopsy were performed. The patient finally diagnosed with SLE, and got regular follow-up without complication.
Giant Lipoma in the Lateral Neck Causing Internal Jugular Vein Deformity
Authors: Choi Jun Ho , Oh Sang Seong , Kim Kwang Seog , Hwang Jae Ha , Lee Sam Yong
Published: November 2022

Lipoma is one of the most common benign soft tissue tumors. However, giant lipomas compressing and deforming the neurovascular structure rarely occur in the lateral neck. A 70-year-old man visited our outpatient clinic for treatment of a visible painless neck mass that had been identified 2 years prior. Neck magnetic resonance imaging revealed that a 10 × 9 × 4 cm fatty mass located between the sternocleidomastoid and sternohyoid muscles invaded the carotid sheath. Under general anesthesia, the mass was excised without damage to the adjacent neurovascular structures. Upon histopathological examination, the mass was identified as a lipoma. During the surgery, enlargement of the internal jugular vein was observed under the resected mass. However, on ultrasound examination, the function of the internal jugular vein was evaluated as good. No recurrence or neurological and vascular complications were reported during a 6-month follow-up after the surgery. As a giant lipoma located in the deep layer of the lateral neck can deform important cervical structures, its impact on the surrounding structures should be carefully assessed preoperatively to minimize the rate of possible complications.
gravidez de menina nos coloca muito no espelho”
Authors: Carneiro Rosamaria
Published: November 2022

Neste artigo realizo o esforço teórico de refletir sobre o parentesco como um sistema aberto e como um organismo vivo, tomando de empréstimo as ideias de “linhas de vida” e de “malha” de Tim Ingold (2001). Para isso, dialogo com o campo que tenho desenvolvido nos últimos anos junto à mulheres de uma mesma família, mas de gerações diferentes. Nesse sentido, tomo suas experiências de maternagem como os nós que adensam e que podem diluir (CARSTEN, 2013; 2014) as relações de parentesco entre essas mulheres; alojando assim a sua materialidade no ato de maternar. Dessa feita, contorno as categorias de tempo e de geração, tomando uma das narrativas femininas de nosso universo empírico: o caso de Joyce, que nos fala enquanto neta, mãe e filha, mas também como parteira que outras tantas estórias sobre famílias de mulheres já ouviu.