bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Metode Think Pair Share dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Asking and Giving Suggestion
Authors: Firmansyah Firmansyah
Published: July 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of applying the Think Pair Share method to improve English speaking skills in the asking and giving suggestion material for students in class XI IPA 1 in the odd semester of the academic year 2021/2022. This research belongs to the type of classroom action research with reference to the Kemmis and Mc Taggart model with the procedures for planning, implementing, evaluating, and reflecting. This study involved 40 students (31 female students and 9 male students) as research subjects. This classroom action research uses 2 cycles, each cycle consists of 2 meetings. The results of data analysis in the first cycle of the first meeting resulted in an average score of 67.8. The results of data analysis in the first cycle of the second meeting resulted in an average score of 71.3. The results of the data analysis of the first cycle of 2 meetings resulted in an average score of 75.4. The results of data analysis in the second cycle of the second meeting resulted in an average score of 77.5. The results of this study indicate that the use of the think pair share method can improve English speaking skills in asking and giving suggestion materials to Class XI Science 1 Language Odd Semester MAN 1 Muara Enim Academic Year 2021/2022.
Lógicas y modos de producción de conocimiento en política educativa. Análisis de la investigación producida en Chile (2000–2011)
Authors: Villalobos Cristóbal ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Band Alejandro , Torres Marioly , González Soledad
Published: July 2024

Como una forma de acercarse al estudio de las lógicas y modos de producción del conocimiento en Chile, este estudio caracteriza las investigaciones sobre política educativa realizadas en el país entre 2000 y 2011. A través de un análisis de contenido de distintas fuentes de información secundaria, se estudian las diferencias entre las investigaciones desarrolladas desde el Estado, la Academia y un modelo mixto de producción de las investigaciones. Los resultados muestran que existen similitudes en términos de las metodologías de investigación utilizada, pero importantes diferencias en los objetos, objetivos de investigación y aproximaciones teóricas de ambas lógicas de producción de conocimiento. Se concluye que estas diferencias podrían indicar la consolidación y complejización del campo de investigación sobre política educativa en Chile.
Educação em Ciências e Matemática com Orientação CTS Promotora do Pensamento Crítico
Authors: Tenreiro-Vieira Celina , Marques Viera Rui
Published: July 2024

As sociedades atuais, em particular as ocidentais, são profundamente marcadas pelos avanços da ciência e da tecnologia e seus impactos em todas as esferas da vida quotidiana. A educação em ciências enformada numa orientação CTS, visando o pensamento crítico, e potenciadora do estabelecer de conexões com outras áreas como a matemática, afigura-se basilar na formação de cada indivíduo de modo a ser capaz de tomar parte informada nas decisões e cursos de ação que afetam o seu bem-estar e o bem-estar da sociedade como um todo. Neste quadro, o estudo que se apresenta teve como finalidade desenvolver atividades de aprendizagem de ciências com orientação CTS, potenciando a promoção de capacidades de pensamento crítico e o estabelecimento de conexões com a matemática. O estudo segue um plano de investigação- ação por se ter considerado ser o mais viável e coerente para focar as questões do currículo em ação, as quais no presente estudo, se configuraram como sendo centrais à conceção, produção, implementação e avaliação das atividades de aprendizagem desenvolvidas. No decurso da implementação das atividades recolheram-se dados recorrendo a diferentes instrumentos e técnicas, que foram, posteriormente, sujeitos a uma análise de conteúdo. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que as atividades desenvolvidas contribuíram para a mobilização de capacidades de pensamento crítico dos alunos. O referencial teórico usado configura-se, pois, como uma ajuda relevante para fundamentar e explicitamente desenvolver as atividades de aprendizagem propostas, capazes de suportar práticas de ensino das ciências mais consonantes com a melhoria da literacia científica dos alunos.
Progressive bilateral visual loss diagnosed as adenocarcinoma lung
Authors: Sahu Siddharth ,   Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India., Datta Deepanksha , Verma Vikrant , Kumar Rajesh ,   Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.,   Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.,   Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.
Published: July 2024

A 50 year old female presented with rapidly progressive decline in visual acuity in both eyes over 1 month. There was no other associated features of headache, weight loss, cough, hemoptysis or bone pain. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) brain showed altered signal intensity in temporal aspect of left choroid and nasal aspect of right choroid, along with multiple space-occupying cortical lesions in brain parenchyma suspicious of metastases. To detect the primary malignancy, F- 18 FDG PET/CT was done that revealed lung mass as primary malignant site with multiple distant metastases. This finding was further confirmed on the histopathological examination.
Esthesioneuroblastoma: Case report
Authors: Goyal Harshit ,   Grant Medical College & Sir JJ Group of Hospitals, Mumbai, India.
Published: July 2024

Esthesioneuroblastomas (ENBs), first described by Berger and Luc, are rare tumours thought to arise in the olfactory receptors in the nasal mucosa or the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone and superior turbinate, extending to base of the skull and to the intracranial space. Due to uncertain histological origin, it has been described by various names in the literature, but most common terms used are ENBs and olfactory neuroblastoma. It manifests across all ages, but peak occurs at second and sixth decade of life. Most of these patients presents in locally advanced stages and require multimodality treatment in form of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Multimodality approach with a risk-adapted strategy is required to achieve good control rates while minimizing treatment related toxicity.
When Less is More? Entropy Based Subsampling for Big Data
Authors: Ghosh Sujit
Published: July 2024

In many real-life situations, not all information carries equal importance or significance. The variations and diversity among instances within a dataset contribute to its meaningfulness and value. In Information Theory, the entropy captures the uncertainty and amount of information in a dataset, highlighting the importance of diverse and informative instances. In practical terms, reducing the full dataset to a smaller, informative subset and conducting the same analysis can often yield similar estimation efficiency. However, the key challenge with such subsampling technique lies in striking the right balance between reducing computational cost and potential loss in efficiency. For multiple linear regression models, traditional subsampling techniques like leveraging methods have primarily measured information loss based only on covariates (design matrix) excluding the responses and thus often lead to a loss of statistical estimation accuracy. Unlike the idea of only keeping the subsample, the problem is viewed as extracting a representative set of the full data in terms of entropy. Two methods are presented: (i) a Likelihood-based Optimal Subsample Selection (LBOSS) given a desired sub-sample size; and (ii) a Bayesian-based Optimal Subsample Selection (BBOSS) which automatically determines the subsample size using posterior distribution. The proposed entropy-based criteria not only provide a better measure of the information loss due to subsampling but are also applicable to any likelihood-based estimation methods. In addition to some theoretical guarantees of the proposed methods, we provide extensive numerical illustrations to compare the proposed methods with some of the recently published methods in the literature. In terms of computational efficiency and statistical accuracy, the proposed methods are shown to perform relatively better.
Explorando Conexões e horizontes na dança
Authors: Leitão Michele Akiko Toyama , Alves Maria João
Published: July 2024

É com grande prazer que apresentamos o segundo número da Revista Estú(i)os de Dança!
Nesta edição, inauguramos a secção Conexões que tem como foco a publicação de materiais úteis para os Estudos de Dança em outros formatos, tais como: transcrições de entrevistas, textos biográficos, testemunhos e portefólios, de e com bailarinos/intérpretes, coreógrafos e outros profissionais da dança considerados de relevo.
Elena Aleksandrovna Kosareva
Authors: Королева Л.В.
Published: July 2024

В последние годы произошли большие изменения в базовых положениях, на которые традиционно опиралась сфера подготовки дизайнеров костюма. Все шире осознается потребность в их переоценке и даже незыблемые до последнего времени представления о методах обучения и воспитания подвергаются пересмотру. Тем важнее сегодня обращение к наследию основателя и первого руководителя кафедры моделирования костюма Е.А. Косаревой, особенно в части выстраивания стратегии, казалось бы, отдаленной во времени, но, тем не менее, созвучной современности.

Recent years have seen major changes in the basic foundations the training of costume designers had traditionally been based on. There is a growing awareness of the need for their reassessment, and even the beliefs about methods of training and development that have been unshakeable are now being revisited. It is all the more important today to address the legacy of the founder and the first head of the Department of Costume Design, Elena A. Kosareva, especially in terms of developing a strategy that, although distant in time, nonetheless resonates with the modern day.
Design Revitalisation of the Arctic Territories (as Examplified by Projects of the Environmental Design Laboratory of the Stieglitz Academy)
Authors: Бабурова Н.В. , Веселицкий О.В.
Published: July 2024

В статье приведены результаты исследования по теме дизайн-ревитализации арктических территорий и проект комплекса «Кольская сверхглубокая», выполненный лабораторией средового проектирования «Дизайн северных территорий» (кафедра средового дизайна Академии Штиглица) в рамках гранта Президентского Фонда Культурных Инициатив. Тема дизайн-ревитализации арктических территорий является актуальной для развития Арктической зоны Российской Федерации в целом. Заброшенные объекты промышленной, военной, а также социальной инфраструктуры постепенно преобразуются, становятся точками притяжения, появляются новые туристические маршруты, рекреационно-познавательные зоны. Применение средового (комплексного подхода) в перспективе способствует выявлению новых способов ревитализации городской и природной среды Арктики, в том числе и на Кольском полуострове, который является одним из центров экологического, индустриального, историко-культурного туризма в Арктической зоне Российской Федерации.

The article presents the results of research into design revitalisation of the Arctic territories and the project of the Kola Superdeep complex carried out by the Laboratory of Environmental Design “Design of Northern Territories” (Department of Environmental Design of the Stieglitz Academy) under a grant from the Presidential Foundation for Cultural Initiatives. The issue of design revitalisation of the Arctic territories is relevant for the development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation as a whole. Abandoned industrial, military and social infrastructures are gradually being transformed and are becoming points of attraction; new tourist routes, recreational and educational facilities are appearing. The application of the environmental (complex) approach in the long term helps to find new ways to revitalise the urban and natural environments of the Arctic, including the Kola Peninsula, one of the centres of ecological, industrial, historical and cultural tourism in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation.
Former les enseignants à et par la programmation informatique cocréative en formation initiale
Authors: Longuet Frédérique , Gómez-Zermeño Marcela Georgina
Published: July 2024

Ce chapitre porte sur la programmation. Il décrit un écosystème de recherche création pédagogique dans lequel les étudiants (enseignants stagiaires) développent des compétences en acte pour engager leurs élèves dans la pensée informatique. Guidé par une approche expérientielle, l’environnement proposé par le formateur est peuplé de défis et de ressources, mais surtout d’espaces d’interaction entre pairs permettant la collaboration et la créativité pour toucher à la pensée complexe à travers ces interactions variées. D’un point de vue méthodologique, les chercheurs s’appuient sur les portefeuilles de projets des étudiants pour y mesurer les niveaux de compétence de la pensée complexe, appliqués à la programmation cocréative.
Wyobraźnia i transmutacja. Składowe myślenia ezoterycznego w filozofii przyrody
Authors: Kazibut Radosław
Published: July 2024

The article presents selected aspects of the relationship between the tradition of Western esotericism and the development of the philosophy of nature. Adopting Antoine Faivre's characterization of Western esotericism, it analyzed how the esoteric thinking about nature influenced natural philosophy. The first part of the article focuses on the relationship, distinguished by Faivre, between the topos of imagination and natural philosophy. The second part outlines how transmutation was understood in philosophical reflection on nature.
Actualización en la detección de la tuberculosis a través de pruebas moleculares
Authors: Sánchez Figueroa Laura Sofía , Guillén Muñóz Valeria Alexandra , Pérez Pérez Juan Diego , Rodríguez Abrego Pablo Alberto , Caprile Mata Claudia María , Cartagena López Katherine Lisseth
Published: July 2024

La tuberculosis es una enfermedad infecciosa respiratoria que afecta a un tercio de la población mundial y es una amenaza significativa para la salud global. La detección de la tuberculosis de manera temprana es crucial para un tratamiento eficaz y prevenir su propagación. Una solución para mejorar el diagnóstico y abordar la resistencia a los medicamentos antituberculosos es el uso de pruebas moleculares de alto rendimiento para la identificación del Mycobacterium tuberculosis y su susceptibilidad. Este estudio de revisión narrativa busca describir las generalidades, la eficacia, la sensibilidad, las ventajas y las limitaciones de las principales pruebas moleculares; Truenat® MTB, MTB plus y MTB-RIF, Abbott RealTime MTB y MTB RIF/INH en el sistema m2000sp y m2000rt y FluoroType MTBDR, además, de compararlas con GeneXpert MTB/RIF o Xpert Ultra, utilizadas para la detección del patógeno resistente a medicamentos tuberculosos. Estas pruebas utilizan diversas técnicas para la detección del ADN del Mycobacterium tuberculosis y la cuantificación de la carga bacteriana con alta sensibilidad y especificidad, resultados rápidos, reducción de los errores humanos, así como la detección temprana de cepas drogo-resistentes. A pesar de que requieren infraestructura especializada y competencias profesionales para su implementación, representan avances significativos con el potencial de mejorar la atención sanitaria y la gestión de la tuberculosis. Estas pruebas moleculares, comparadas con el GeneXpert, son una alternativa viable, aunque esta última tecnología sigue siendo la preferida en áreas con recursos limitados.
Importancia del estado nutricional de la niñez en su desarrollo cognitivo
Authors: Bernal Regalado Luz Olivia
Published: July 2024

El estado nutricional de los niños es un tema prioritario para numerosas instituciones nacionales e internacionales. A pesar de los esfuerzos por mejorar su condición, aún persisten casos de malnutrición, tanto por exceso como por déficit de macro y micronutrientes. Las enfermedades asociadas a esta condición transmisibles o no, tienen un impacto directo en la salud física y psicológica de los infantes. Este artículo presenta la relación entre una nutrición adecuada y el desarrollo cognitivo óptimo durante las primeras etapas de la vida. Para ello, se consultó información de diversas fuentes como SciELO, PubMed, Scopus, Hinari, repositorios universitarios, e informes de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura, del Programa Mundial de Alimentos y de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Estas fuentes afirman que la malnutrición y el hambre oculta en los niños son causas de alteraciones en los procesos cognitivos, ya que la dieta diaria provee las sustancias necesarias para los procesos metabólicos cerebrales.
Concordancia diagnóstica de las imágenes torácicas para enfermedad por Covid-19
Authors: Granados Flores Neftalí Alexander , Lazo Ferrufino Marlon Alexander
Published: July 2024

Introducción: La reacción en cadena de la polimerasa de transcripción inversa (RT-PCR) es el estándar de oro para el diagnóstico de enfermedad por SARS-CoV-2. En el contexto de pandemia con accesibilidad limitada a esta prueba, las imágenes diagnósticas aportan hallazgos que sustentan la sospecha diagnóstica, evitando retrasos en atención médica. Objetivo: Determinar la sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo y negativo de las imágenes diagnósticas y su concordancia respecto al resultado de RT-PCR. Metodología: Estudio transversal analítico. Se comparó el resultado del reporte por imágenes con los resultados de RT-PCR en 138 pacientes. Se calculó la sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo y valor predictivo negativo para los rayos x de tórax y tomografía computarizada para el diagnóstico de infección por SARS-CoV-2. Se utilizó el índice Kappa de Cohen y el factor de Bayes para medir concordancia y fuerza de asociación entre las variables. Resultados: La tomografía computarizada presentó sensibilidad de 92,9 %, especificidad del 64 %, valor predictivo positivo de 92,1 % y el valor predictivo negativo de 66,7 %; mientras que, los rayos X presentaron sensibilidad del 86 %, especificidad del 52,9 %, valor predictivo positivo de 92,9 % y valor predictivo negativo del 34,6 %. Conclusión. La tomografía mostró concordancia diagnóstica moderada, su utilidad es mayor en casos de sospecha clínica moderada-alta, discrepancia diagnóstica o confirmación de complicaciones. Los rayos X mostraron concordancia diagnóstica baja, este método es de utilidad en casos de alta sospecha clínica, pero necesitará comprobación con RT-PCR para un diagnóstico definitivo.
Una mirada a los estudios de toxicología que se han realizado en Nicaragua en el período 2001-2022
Authors: Arana Blas Richard David , Delgado Cortez Orlando , Baca Sevilla Carlos Uriel , Gutiérrez Úbeda Sergio Ramón
Published: July 2024

Gran parte de los trabajadores están expuestos desde sus diferentes ambientes laborales a una variedad de elementos de origen químico que son denominados tóxicos: cualquier sustancia que produce efectos nocivos en el organismo (ATSDR, 2019), cuyos efectos sobre la salud son variables y no siempre son inmediatos. En este artículo se presenta una mirada a la toxicología laboral desde la investigación científica, como un componente importante que las empresas y los profesionales de la salud ocupacional deben aplicar en sus evaluaciones de salud laboral y ambiente. Para el desarrollo de este artículo de revisión documental se aplicaron distintos métodos de revisión de literatura, y sitios de información científico-técnicas e información publicada en instituciones que dan seguimiento a la toxicología. En la metodología de revisión documental y exploración de publicaciones acerca del tema, se implementaron cuatro dimensiones de revisión y análisis para el abordaje de la toxicología desde el enfoque de: concepción de la toxicología, rol de las instituciones vinculadas a ésta, sectores laborales más afectados e investigaciones en la materia. Se consultaron las bases de datos Google académico, Bireme, Pubmed, Latindex y revistas científicas indexadas como: Scielo, Aetox, Revista de ciencias sociales; sitios web de instituciones nacionales e internacionales como Ministerio de Salud, Instituto Nicaragüense de Seguridad Social, Ministerio del Trabajo, Comisión Nacional de Registro y Control de Sustancias Tóxicas, Organización Mundial de la Salud, Organización Panamericana de la Salud y la Organización Internacional del Trabajo. Entre las conclusiones la toxicología laboral es una ciencia que debe ser presentada a los profesionales de la salud ocupacional desde su formación base para brindar un adecuado abordaje desde diferentes sectores laborales, no sólo como una respuesta a incidentes generados por exposición, sino más bien en la prevención y protección de los trabajadores, reduciendo así el riesgo laboral de enfermedades y accidentes.
Estrategias del modelo por competencia y su implementación en la práctica de docentes de la UNAN-Managua
Authors: Arteaga Juárez Andrea del Carmen , López López Cristhiam José , Sánchez Fletes Jersson Ariel
Published: July 2024

Esta investigación tuvo como propósito principal identificar en los docentes del doctorado en Gestión y Calidad de la Educación (III- Cohorte), impartido por la Facultad de Educación e Idiomas de la UNAN-Managua, la metodología implementada para la integración de los colectivos docentes y las estrategias didácticas utilizadas en su práctica pedagógica para gestionar el modelo por competencia. Fue un estudio de campo, donde de acuerdo con el enfoque filosófico es una investigación cualitativa, porque se estudian las experiencias vividas desde la perspectiva de los informantes. Para la recopilación de la información se les aplicó un cuestionario en línea, esto no invalida el carácter cualitativo, ya que según Rodrigues (2023) los instrumentos de los métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos no son excluyentes entre sí. La muestra seleccionada fue de 13 participantes. Los criterios de selección fueron: ser docentes de la UNAN-Managua y estar impartiendo clases en el modelo por competencia en las diferentes carreras. Para el análisis de la información se trabajó con gráficos de barra. Los resultados evidenciaron que la metodología implementada permitió la integración del colectivo de docentes, de contenidos, así como, el aporte de los componentes a la estrategia integradora y destacaron como un área a reforzar el dominio que poseen los docentes del modelo por competencia. En relación con las estrategias didácticas y de evaluación que utilizan los docentes, estas se vinculan a un modelo ecléctico, dado a que convergen estrategias que favorecen al modelo por competencia: estudio de caso, trabajo cooperativo y Aprendizaje Basado en Problema (ABP), evaluación de pares y portafolios; además, estrategias de tipo tradicional como resúmenes, conferencias magistrales, exámenes y pruebas escritas. Se puede concluir que la práctica docente evidencia un proceso de transición de un modelo centrado en contenidos a un modelo por competencia.
Dimensiones de Personalidad y Conducta alimentaria en estudiantes de Contaduría Pública y Finanzas en FAREM–Carazo de UNAN-Managua, Nicaragua
Authors: Escobar López Marian De Fátima , López Jiménez Heydi Esperanza , López Ortiz Angelys Michell , Amador Jiménez Dustin Ezequiel
Published: July 2024

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo valorar las dimensiones de personalidad y la conducta alimentaria en los estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua – FAREM Carazo desde un enfoque cuantitativo y un diseño de corte transversal. El alcance de esta investigación fue descriptivo y correlacional, priorizando describir las variables mencionadas y así, determinar la predicción de las dimensiones de personalidad sobre conducta alimentaria. La muestra total se constituyó de 120 estudiantes universitarios de la carrera de Contaduría Pública y Finanzas de primero hasta quinto año de dicha carrera, para su selección se empleó una técnica de racimo dirigido. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron EPQR y EAT-26. Para el análisis de datos se realizó una regresión lineal con respecto a la predicción de las dimensiones de personalidad sobre conducta alimentaria. Los resultados encontrados indicaron que el 9% de la muestra se encuentran en riesgo de desarrollar un trastorno alimenticio. Con respecto a las dimensiones de personalidad, se encontró que en los estudiantes universitarios de la carrera de Contaduría Pública y Finanzas de la FAREM-CARAZO en la escala de Neuroticismo no posee una predicción significativa, no obstante, la dimensión de Psicoticismo si presenta mayor riesgo de conducta alimentaria en el género masculino.
Probabilidades de Riesgo de Exposición al Mercurio en Comunidades Pesqueras de la Cuenca Grandes Lagos de Nicaragua
Authors: Picado Pavón Francisco José , Lacayo Morales Rommel José , Méndez Doña Xaviera de Jesús
Published: July 2024

La contaminación ambiental por mercurio (Hg) es altamente tóxica y resulta en el detrimento de los ecosistemas acuáticos, así como en efectos negativos en la salud humana. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evidenciar las probabilidades de riesgo que tienen las comunidades pesqueras de los Grandes Lagos de Nicaragua, al consumir pescado con Hg procedente de estos ecosistemas. Para esto fue necesario diagnosticar la presencia de mercurio en el Lago Cocibolca. Entre enero y junio de 2022, se procedió a la colecta de agua y sedimentos del lago, se adquirieron pescados de acopios locales, se analizaron los niveles de Hg en las aguas, sedimentos y pescado y se aplicaron encuestas a cuatro comunidades de la cuenca de los Grandes Lagos para obtener información sobre el consumo de pescado y datos antropométricos para el análisis del riesgo. Los resultados muestran una baja biodisponibilidad del Hg en los Grandes Lagos de Nicaragua, sin embargo, el contenido de Hg en los pescados analizados es superior al de pescados proveniente de ambientes no contaminados (<0,008) mg/kg. El contenido de Hg en los peces (0,008 a 0,475) mg Hg/kg es significativamente menor (p<0,0001, α =0,05) en el Lago Cocibolca. Afortunadamente, las probabilidades del riesgo asociada al consumo de pescado son bajas (<4,4%) para las comunidades estudiadas de la cuenca del Lago Cocibolca. Sin embargo, las probabilidades de riesgo para las comunidades pesqueras de la cuenca del Lago Xolotlán sugieren vigilar la inocuidad, en cuanto al contenido de Hg, de estos recursos hidrobiológicos.
Research Plan PROCess
Authors: van Ravenzwaaij Don
Published: July 2024

The research plan for the PROCess project as it was submitted to the review board of the University of Groningen
Blockchain Mutabakat Protokollerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Bekmez İrem , Gençoğlu Hakan
Published: July 2024

Kripto paralarla finans dünyasında popüler bir konuma ulaşan Blockchain teknolojisi, merkezi yapıyı sonlandıran, dağıtık bir sistem olarak ifade edilmektedir. Her ne kadar Bitcoin ile tanınmaya başlasa da bu teknoloji, her geçen gün yeni bir uygulama alanı ile adından söz ettirmektedir. Güvenliğin son derece önemli olduğu bir sistemdir. Bu sebeple blok zincir teknolojisinde yapılan her işlemin doğrulanması gerekir, bunun için de mutabakat protokolleri kullanılır. Bu çalışmada, en yaygın olarak kullanılan protokollerden kapsamlı bir şekilde bahsedilmiştir.
Research on the Operation Mechanism of Science Popularization Bases Based on Actor-Network Theory
Authors: Lan Chengxia
Published: July 2024

Government-led, multi-stakeholder participation in social mobilization mechanisms and market-oriented operational models are important characteristics of the development of science popularization in the new era. Based on Actor-Network Theory, this paper employs methods such as questionnaires and structured interviews to analyze and sort out the relationships between various actors through the four steps of problem definition, interest allocation, recruitment, and mobilization in the translation process. The study examines the role of the Science and Technology Association (STA) as the core actor in the operational process, identifies the interests and obstacles of various actors, and proposes suggestions to better improve the operational mechanism of science popularization bases from aspects such as strengthening policy guidance, establishing alliances of science popularization base interests, and enriching the forms of activities at science popularization bases.
Create Gender-Equal City: A Comparison Between Vienna, Barcelona, and Shanghai City
Authors: Wu Qixiu
Published: July 2024

Urban inequality is a pressing issue that can significantly hinder a city's development. It is essential to recognize the importance of establishing gender equality within a city to ensure sustainable urban progress. This comprehensive study thoroughly investigated the urban planning perspective on creating gender-equal cities, specifically emphasizing successful models from Vienna and Barcelona. Furthermore, the study conducted a detailed comparative analysis of these two cities in contrast to Shanghai, delving into the fundamental principles that have made Vienna and Barcelona successful in promoting gender mainstreaming and enhancing gender sensitivity in urban planning. The research also critically examined Shanghai's current approach to urban planning, pinpointing areas that necessitate improvement in promoting gender equality. By drawing from the experiences of Vienna and Barcelona, the study offered practical and actionable recommendations to enhance gender equality within Shanghai's urban planning framework, ultimately fostering a more inclusive and fairer urban environment for all of its residents. The insights gained from Vienna and Barcelona are invaluable and should be shared and applied to various cities, taking into account their distinct and unique circumstances.
Enhancing transparency and security in blood donation management through blockchain technology
Authors: Wu Yiyang
Published: July 2024

In the context of the increasing importance of digitalization and cybersecurity, exploring the application of blockchain and smart contract technologies in blood donation management aims to enhance data transparency and privacy protection, addressing challenges in current healthcare systems. This paper explores the transformative potential of blockchain and smart contract technologies in digitalizing the blood donation process. By leveraging the Ethereum platform and employing a Browser/Server (B/S) architecture integrated with Solidity programming and web development practices, this paper proposes a novel framework designed to enhance the transparency, digitalization, and shared accessibility of blood donation data. The implementation of this system within a healthcare context promises to streamline the donation process, ensuring the integrity and confidentiality of donor data, thereby fostering trust among all stakeholders involved. The findings indicate that the application of blockchain technology not only facilitates a more efficient and secure management of blood donation records but also sets a precedent for future healthcare innovations.
Variance analysis and linear regression: Exploring the impact of location factors on the average logarithmic price of pre-owned housing in Shenzhen
Authors: Ding Yunzhong , Tang Zehua , Wang Minjia
Published: July 2024

The primary purpose of this report is to investigate the impact of locational factors on the average prices of second-hand homes in Shenzhen, providing a theoretical foundation for the pricing of such properties. To achieve this, the report first establishes indicators to describe the characteristics of second-hand homes. Then, it constructs an analysis of the variance model to explore the impact of multiple related factors on housing prices regarding the average logarithmic price of pre-owned housing in Shenzhen. The model results indicate significant correlations between administrative divisions, whether the property is in a school district, the orientation of the house, the age of the house, and the area with the logarithmic price per unit area of second-hand housing. At the end of the report, two inter-complimentary multivariate linear regression models are constructed, and simulated data produced through R studio are also provided, and the final model is used for practical application to accurately predict the price of second homes under the appropriate conditions.
A momentum quantification method for tennis matches based on t-SNE and k means clustering
Authors: Shen Wenhao , Zhao Runchen , Bu Tianqi , Wu Yuhan , Jiao Yanmei
Published: July 2024

Momentum is a crucial factor influencing the outcomes of sports competitions. This study proposes a method for visualising and quantifying momentum using various modern analytical techniques. These techniques include feature engineering, dimensionality reduction with the t-SNE algorithm, and k-means clustering. By analysing data from the past five years of Wimbledon, the study extracted various performance features such as serve success rate and scoring rate. By calculating the similarities between features and conducting cluster analysis, the study reveals changes in momentum during matches. This research employs data visualisation and clustering results to not only display the conditions of matches under different momentum states but also quantifies momentum changes by calculating the Euclidean distance between data points and cluster centroids and standardising these distances using the Z-score method. This approach provides a visual perspective that reveals the dynamic changes that occur within matches and quantifies momentum. It demonstrates that these changes in momentum can indeed reflect the progression and outcomes of matches.
Analysis of Glauber model Monte Carlo simulation of Pb+Pb collisions
Authors: Wang Wenyu , Gu Zhangshengyu
Published: July 2024

This review delves into the theoretical foundations, experimental methodologies, and observational aspects of the Glauber Model in the realm of relativistic heavy-ion physics. Our investigation utilizes Glauber Monte Carlo simulations to anticipate and evaluate the anticipated outcomes of an upcoming ultra-relativistic Pb+Pb collision study. Our primary focus centers on analyzing the initial geometric characteristics of these collisions, particularly with respect to the impact parameter. We also examine critical parameters such as the count of participating nucleons to gain insights into the collision dynamics. This comprehensive exploration provides a valuable perspective on the intricacies of heavy-ion interactions, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms and offering predictive power for future experiments in the field of relativistic heavy-ion physics.
The energy budget of the Mercury
Authors: Zhang Zhitong
Published: July 2024

With the exhaust of the earths energy, people need to find a new place to live. Mercury, one of the planets which is nearest to the earth, its energy budget is valuable to consider about. Energy budget can influence the surface temperature and the climate. If people want to move to any other planets, the energy budget of the planet is one of the things that must be concerned about, as it is directly proportional to the surface temperature of the planet. Plus, if the energy budget of the planet is not appropriate, then there will have no water on the surface or only ice, and moving to that planet is not available. In this studying, the energy budget of the Mercury is made, which is based on the previous research and use a way called Geebitt. This study has found that the income of solar energy of Mercury cannot be attracted by itself, leading to a enormous gap between the surface face to sun and the surface back to it. This research makes contribution to the further research about the Mercury, as it provides the idea and the process to move people to the Mercury.
Influence of temperature and momentum on heavy quark energy loss
Authors: Zhu Yue , Gan Ruoshui , Mou Jiaxuan , Wang Yaqing
Published: July 2024

We investigated the correlation between temperature and momentum, as well as the impact of temperature and momentum on energy loss in quark-gluon plasma (QGP), along with the primary mechanisms of energy dissipation. Our findings reveal that the threshold momentum increases with rising temperatures, indicating a greater possibility to energy loss at higher temperatures and momenta. Numerical estimates of the losses show that the energy loss in the hot matter is greater than the energy loss in the cold matter. Upon considering energy loss due to polarization, radiation, and collision, we observe that under low transverse momentum conditions, polarization dominates the energy loss, whereas under high transverse momentum conditions, radiation takes precedence. In addition, we found that heavy quarks with lower mass are more prone to energy loss because of the faster thermalization rate.
Representation of coxeter group and orthogonal group
Authors: Cai Di , Tian Yiding
Published: July 2024

The paper is primarily divided into two parts. The main focus of the first part is the construction of a representation of Coxeter groups. This begins with the definition of the Coxeter system and connected components, followed by the introduction of the length function and subsequent theorems. The faithfulness of this representation is then proven, allowing for the identification of isomorphisms that enable the final classification of finite Coxeter groups. This classification is achieved by leveraging the established relationship between irreducible representations of Coxeter groups and positive definite quadratic forms.
Given the strong connection between Coxeter groups and orthogonal groups, the primary objective of the second part is to create a specific representation of orthogonal groups. This is accomplished through an examination of the decomposition of harmonic polynomials into subspaces of homogeneous harmonic polynomials, using the action of O(2) on these subspaces. The paper concludes by drawing connections to results in Invariant Theory, demonstrating the applicability of the presented concepts in a more general duality context.
Investigation of traditional Chinese medicine for cancer treatment: Signaling pathways and anti-tumor microenvironment
Authors: He Mengqi , Liao Yi
Published: July 2024

Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) have performed great efficacy in carcinoma treatment. Due to bidireactional and multitargeting capability and the small side effects of TCM, it has been used in cancer treatment in China and has been studied a lot in other countries. In the early research, two possible anti-tumor mechanisms of TCM have been proposed, first is directly affecting cancer cells by regulating the signaling pathway, the second is indirectly affecting cancer cells by regulating the immune system and tumor microenvironment. Herein we want to discuss systematically how these anti-tumor mechanisms of TCM work together to influence carcinoma treatment. This review will include several kinds of active extracts of TCM, such as ginsenoside, baicalein, baicalin, astraglan, berberine and ferulic, and several pathways influenced by TCM in the pathogenesis of cancer, such as Fas/FasL pathway, PI3K/Akt pathway, TGF-/Smad pathway and the regulation of tumor microenvironment, such as repolarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and PD1/PD-L1 interactions.
Diagnostic analysis of cancer based on machine learning
Authors: Wang Xishi
Published: July 2024

Cancer, as the second leading cause of death in the world, caused an estimated 9.6 million deaths in 2018, accounting for one-sixth of all deaths. Early detection and early treatment is the best solution for cancer, and now, through machine learning methods, we can achieve accurate judgment of cancer so as to realize precise treatment and reduce the mortality rate of cancer. During this discussion, we will focus on the applications of machine learning methods to diagnose breast cancer, prostate cancer, oral cancer, which use machine learning methods including neural convolutional networks, K-clustering, support vector machine (SVM), and so on. As of now, machine learning has achieved better results than other methods, but due to the importance and complexity of cancer diagnosis and the cost of human computational capacity for diagnosis, we still hope to find a more accurate and effective method to realize the accurate judgment of cancer, and then introduce it into real-life applications.
Developments and applications of therapeutic tumor vaccines
Authors: Xu Lindi
Published: July 2024

The incidence and mortality rates of malignant tumors have rapidly increased. Cancer has become the leading cause of death worldwide. Traditional treatment methods such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation have limited effectiveness, with poor prognosis, drug resistance, and low specificity. As a result, cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach in biotechnology. The development and application of tumor vaccines in tumor immunotherapy have garnered significant attention. These vaccines employ TAA or TSA to activate the bodys specific immune response against tumor cells. This review provides an overview of the tumor microenvironment, tumor immunotherapy, and various types of therapeutic cancer vaccines, including peptide, cell, DC, nucleic acid (DNA and mRNA), and neoantigen vaccines. In conclusion, this review summarizes the current progress and future prospects of tumor vaccines.
Innovations in combating antimicrobial resistance: Unveiling nanotechnology, gene technology, and molecular diagnostics
Authors: Qiu Jiayang
Published: July 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) presents a substantial global menace, diminishing the effectiveness of antibiotics and posing challenges to combat bacterial infections. The excessive use of antibiotics accelerates the emergence of drug-resistant pathogens, resulting in prolonged illnesses, elevated mortality rates, and escalated healthcare expenditures. Consequently, there is a drive to explore novel solutions to address this pressing concerns. Nanotechnology, gene technology, and molecular diagnostics are being developed as innovative strategies to tackle AMR. These approaches enable precise drug delivery, genetic modifications, and rapid detection of drug-resistant strains. This review examines these advanced technologies, highlighting their potential in AMR management and advocating for a comprehensive approach.
Comparison between Carboplatin and Afatinib in the drug treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Yeung Ka Po Jace
Published: July 2024

One of the most prevalent kinds of cancer is lung cancer, and rates have been rising since the early 1900s. Non-small cell lung cancer is the most often diagnosed of all the many forms of lung cancer. Smoking plays a large role in contributing to cancer due to tobacco that damages DNA in epithelial cells. Moreover, it is rare yet proven that lung cancer can be inherited through a mutation in the EGFR gene. While Afatinib is used especially for non-small cell lung carcinoma, including the EGFR mutation, many cancers are initially treated with Carboplatin. What makes them unique, then? In essence, through their various chemical structures, they react in the body through separate mechanisms but share the same property of halting cell proliferation. Consequently, they lead to different side effects and have unique limitations when treating certain kinds of lung cancer. This review provides information about non-small cell lung cancer along with the two categories of medications that are used to treat it.
Altering adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus through varying glucocorticoid receptor concentrations
Authors: Cui Minheng
Published: July 2024

Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis, short for AHN, is an essential yet foundational process of producing new nerve cells in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. It is a fact that increasing AHN will enhance peoples ability to learn, memorize, regulate mood, etc. Therefore, scientists strive to pursue the factors which influence AHN. Until now, research had proved that GR activity is associated with the degree of AHN. Additionally, a high GR activity will potentially reduce the level of ANH and an optimal level of GR activity will create the optimized level of AHN. Consequently, how a low level of GR activity will possibly influence AHN will be examined in this paper. For Experiment 1, the GR antagonist reduces the GR activity in 8-year-old male mice: C57BL/6 and BrdU highlights the newly generated neurons in the dentate gyrus. As an ideal result compared to the control group, low GR activity will lead to a decrease in the AHN. For Experiment 2, 3 minor experiments will be constructed to test the GR activity and AHN of the mice in 3 different conditions (low, controllable, and uncontrollable stress). And Nanobit Assay that is separately attached to the GR and the ligands will present fluorescent when combined. Additionally, the method of CRISPR-CAS9 is used to knock down either GR or GR when the other one is measured, and BrdU is also used to light up the neurons to measure the degree of AHN. The ideal result will present a number greater than 1 for the ratio between GR/GR and AHN decreases for the low-stress group and uncontrollable-stress group. Oppositely, the ratio will be smaller than 1 for the controllable stress group, meaning AHN increases. Conclusively, the output will demonstrate a reversed U shape with the x-axis being the level of GR activity and the y-axis presenting the level of AHN. Despite the experiments that have proceeded on mice, the significance of them is people will have certain references to the influences of AHN to prevent those conditions or stress which will negatively affect AHN.
Comparing the photodynamic treatment of OSCC between natural and artificial photosensitizers
Authors: Ma David
Published: July 2024

Purpose: Since Verteporfin is the generally accepted photosensitizer for OSCC and other forms of skin cancer. Its synthetic structure and broad range in absorption has made it harmful to both tumor and healthy cells and tissues. The study aims to see whether a natural and herbal extract like Chlorophyllin, used in primarily bladder cancer, can become an alternative to Verteporfin. Methods: This study uses HSC-2 cell lines and mice models. The cancer cells in vitro and in vivo will be treated with increasing amounts and various durations of Chlorophyllin and Verteporfin. Killing in vitro is measured by MTT assay and in vivo is measured by xenograft tumor size. Positive control is Verteporfin, and negative control is DMSO in vitro or saline solution for the xenograft experiment. Possible results: The three main possible results: (1) Chlorophyllin kills more cancer cells in vitro and in vivo and it has less killed normal tissue. (5) Verteporfin kills more cancer cells but also has more damage to normal tissues when compared to Chlorophyllin. (8) Verteporfin kills more cancer cells in vitro and in vivo and it has less killed normal tissue. Conclusion: The results of the study will determine if natural alternatives are worth investing research into as they can be low-cost extraction, low toxicity, and high selectivity of cells to kill. Chlorophyllin can pave the way to more intensive research of natural photosensitizers in different types of cancers.