bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
(1→3)-β–d-Glucan and Galactomannan for Differentiating Chemical “Black Particles” and Fungal Particles Inside Peritoneal Dialysis Tubing
Authors: Leelahavanichkul Asada , Pongpirul Krit , Thongbor Nisa , Worasilchai Navaporn , Petphuak Kwanta , Thongsawang Bussakorn , Towannang Piyaporn , Lorvinitnun Pichet , Sukhontasing Kanya , Katavetin Pisut , Praditpornsilpa Kearkiat , Eiam-Ong Somchai , Chindamporn Ariya , Kanjanabuch Talerngsak
Published: November 2015

Background

Aseptic, sheet-like foreign bodies observed inside Tenckhoff (TK) catheter lumens (referred to as “black particles”) are, on gross morphology, hardly distinguishable from fungal colonization because these contaminants adhere tightly to the catheter. Detection of fungal cell wall components using (1→3)-β–d-glucan (BG) and galactomannan index (GMI) might be an alternative method for differentiating the particles.

Methods

Foreign particles retrieved from TK catheters in 19 peritoneal dialysis patients were examined microscopically and cultured for fungi and bacteria. Simultaneously, a Fungitell test (Associates of Cape Cod, Falmouth, MA, USA) and a Platelia Aspergillus ELISA assay (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Marnes-La-Coquette, France) were used to test the spent dialysate for BG and GMI respectively.

Results

Of the 19 patients, 9 had aseptic black particles and 10 had fungal particles in their tubing. The fungal particles looked grainy, were tightly bound to the catheter, and appeared more “colorful” than the black particles, which looked sheet-like and could easily be removed by milking the tubing. Compared with effluent from patients having aseptic particles, effluent from patients with fungal particles had significantly higher levels of BG (501 ± 70 pg/mL vs. 46 ± 10 pg/mL) and GMI (10.98 ± 2.17 vs. 0.25 ± 0.05). Most of the fungi that formed colonies inside the catheter lumen were molds not usually found in clinical practice, but likely from water or soil, suggesting environmental contamination. Interestingly, in all 10 patients with fungal colonization, visualization of black particles preceded a peritonitis episode and TK catheter removal by approximately 1–3 weeks; in patients with aseptic particles, a 17-week onset to peritonitis was observed.

Conclusions

In all patients with particle-coated peritoneal dialysis tubing, spent dialysate should be screened for BG and GMI. Manipulation of the TK catheter by squeezing, hard flushing, or even brushing to dislodge black particles should be avoided. Replacement of the TK catheter should be suspended until a cause for the particles is determined.
RESOURCES, CAPABILITIES AND COMPETENCES FOR ECO-INNOVATION
Authors: DEL RÍO Pablo , CARRILLO-HERMOSILLA Javier , KÖNNÖLÄ Totti , BLEDA Mercedes
Published: November 2015

The existing literature on the determinants for the development and adoption of ecoinnovations has generally focused on analysing the influence of business strategies and external drivers (public policy and stakeholder impacts) on innovation processes in firms. Internal factors to the firm such as resources, capabilities and competences (RCCs), which are important drivers of business strategies and innovation performance, are seldom considered in the literature. This paper builds an integrated framework that incorporates the impact of those firm’s internal factors and their interactions with external drivers on the development and adoption of eco-innovations. The relevance of those factors regarding several dimensions of eco-innovation is illustrated with case studies. It is shown that, while all RCCs are relevant for the development and uptake of ecoinnovations, their relevance differs across eco-innovation dimensions.
USING A HYBRID MODEL TO EVALUATE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES FOR DIGITAL CONTENT
Authors: YEH Ching-Chiang
Published: November 2015

Digital content (DC) is one of the most important areas of growth within the global creative and knowledge-based economy. The paper aims to propose a systematic approach to evaluating strategies to develop DC industry and how it should be effectively implemented. Our analysis employs a hybrid multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) approach by using the interpretive structural modelling (ISM) method to deal with the interrelationship among criteria, and the analytic network process (ANP) method is employed to determine the relative weights of each criterion. Finally, in order to choose the alternative for the ideal solution of this problem, a technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) is used. To demonstrate the validity of this method, the Taiwan’s DC industry is used as an illustrative case. The study generates results that can serve as a reference for decision-makers in the formulation of their development strategies for DC. Moreover, the evaluation model constructed in this study goes beyond existing measures and may serve as a reference for a decision-maker.
INTEGRATED FAHP, ARAS-F AND MSGP METHODS FOR GREEN SUPPLIER EVALUATION AND SELECTION
Authors: LIAO Chin-Nung , FU Yan-Kai , WU Li-Chun
Published: November 2015

In recent years, determining the best supplier in the green supply chain has become a key strategic task for a firm. Since the decision usually involves several objectives or criteria, the green supplier selection process is a fuzzy multiple criteria decision-making (FMCDM) problem. Considering both qualitative and quantitative criteria, this study proposes new integrated fuzzy techniques for fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP), fuzzy additive ratio assessment (ARASF) and multi-segment goal programming (MSGP) approach to solve the green supplier selection problems. The advantage of this method is that it allows decision makers to set multiple segment aspiration levels for green supplier selection problems. The integrated model is illustrated by an example in a watch firm.
THE INTERNATIONAL STRENGTHENING OF IPR AND AIR POLLUTION ABATEMENT: THE ROLE OF THE TRIPS AGREEMENT
Authors: DI VITA Giuseppe
Published: November 2015

This paper comes in the wake of the literature considering technological progress as the main device to offset air pollution caused by economic activity. The issue has been extensively studied in general, but there is no previous research on the effects that an international strengthening of legal protection of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) due to the Uruguay Round Agreement and the Annex on Trade-Related aspects of the IPR (TRIPs, for short), underwritten in 1994, may have had on worldwide emissions, as a result of the discovery of new or more efficient air pollution abatement technologies. Different econometric models are used to give a quantitative measure of the TRIPs agreement to reduce air pollution. In particular, the impact of the TRIPs is addressed using a dummy variable and the index of Ginarte and Park (Ginarte, Park 1997) that is one of the more commonly used indicators of TRIPs enforcement employed in economic literature. The findings of this research partially support the idea that the strengthening of a uniform minimum standard protection level of IPR, among the member countries of the World Trade Organization, may help to reduce air pollution emissions.
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP FOR EARTHQUAKE MITIGATION INVOLVING RETROFIT AND INSURANCE
Authors: YAO Xijun , WEI Hsi-Hsien , SHOHET Igal M. , SKIBNIEWSKI Mirosław J.
Published: November 2015

Public-Private Partnerships involving governments and insurers have been used worldwide for mitigation of natural-hazards. However, the implementation of such systems in developing countries presents problems for their key stakeholders. On the one hand, property owners are hesitant to purchase insurance or invest in retrofit projects due to cost considerations. On the other hand, insurers are reluctant to cover potential seismic losses, because of uncertainties about the risk. This study introduces an innovative Public-Private Partnership framework for property owners, insurers and governments to facilitate decisions related to hazard insurance and structural retrofit of vulnerable buildings. This framework can also help insurance firms reduce the level of corporate financial assets available for payment of compensation to their clients, as required by regulations aimed at reducing the risk of insurer insolvencies. Property owners are motivated to participate in the framework by extra mitigation subsidies from the government. While the government will be reimbursed for part of the cost of these retrofit projects by insurance firms, whose own savings will be achieved through reductions to legally mandated corporate capital. A case study is presented to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach for mitigating seismic risk to residential buildings in a rural area.
The Process of Accession to NATO and Its Influence on Shaping the Czech Republic Security System
Authors: Borkovec Zdeněk
Published: November 2015

The accession of the Czech Republic to NATO is reflected in the Czech security system, especially in the political, institutional, organizational and legislative areas. The article describes the ways to achieve the NATO key requirements: political, institutional, legislative, defence, resources, as well as information security and public support. In order to become fully capable to consume benefits of NATO membership and fulfil its obligations, appropriate legislative changes must be adopted. Four North Atlantic Treaty Organization pillars had to be integrated: Washington Treaty, defence planning, information security, mutual solidarity.
Islamic Terrorism of Jemaah Islamiyah Organization as a Today's Topical Threat
Authors: Hrbata Michael
Published: November 2015

This paper refers about the threat of Islamic terrorism, its roots, motives, as well as its origins. Namely the author informs about the Jemaah Islamiyah, Islamic organization, which is less know in the Czech Republic. Indonesia has a larger Muslim population than any other country in the world, with approximately 202.9 million identified as Muslim (88,2 % of Indonesia´s population). It is generally regarded as a tolerant country, in which various religions living side by side without larger problems. Nevertheless even here the danger of violent Islamic terrorism has arisen. The theme is treated in a proper historical context, with regards to possible impacts on security situation in the world.
The Analysis of Internal Regulations and Regulative Acts in Armed Forces (Part II)
Authors: Nový Dalibor
Published: November 2015

Article analyses the relation between legal and internal regulations and other management acts in public administration, focusing on their own hierarchy, quantity, liability in specific areas of Czech armed forces. The first part was published in Military Review No. 4/2013; this following section focuses on the creation of internal management acts and their releasing for the recipients. The article also emphasizes the need for a stable organization, which is necessary for the effective implementation of personnel management, personnel control and the so-called internal and external legislations.
NATO Structural Reforms in Practical Terms
Authors: Procházka Josef
Published: November 2015

NATO has been permanently adapting to new outside and inside challenges. Lisbon summit in 2010 is one of the very important milestones in this transformation endeavour. Since 2010, the Alliance has embarked on meaningful structural reforms with the aim to enhance effectiveness, improve efficiency of all NATO entities and make the Alliance fit for its purpose. The main objective of this article is to introduce the scope of NATO reforms and their expected outcomes. Furthermore, this article will assess real achievements and draw at least some lessons from a reform implementation process in order to establish best practice in reforming complex organisations.
Operational Approach Development: Application of Operational Art Theory in Practice - 2nd part
Authors: Spišák Ján
Published: November 2015

The article deals with some aspects of applied theory of operational art within the operations planning process. It discusses the area of operational design concepts and suggests possible ways of this theory application in the process of operational approach development. The described theory is a sequel to the article published in this Military Review No. 1/2014.
Water Potential for Conflicts and Confusion of Global Hydropolitics
Authors: Říha Josef
Published: November 2015

This paper addresses a gap in the literature relating to the effects and implications of water scarcity and the potential for water wars. The theme has evident military consequences. Experts provide rather pessimistic forecasts about the situation with freshwater on the planet. The early warning models seem to be quite useful as well as early warning conflict indicators. The author deals with the problem from the level of the Czech Republic.
Resources for Defence of the Czech Republic: Perspectives and Opportunities
Authors: Mičánek František , Holcner Vladan , Odehnal Jakub , Olejníček Aleš , Šulc František
Published: November 2015

The paper is focused on the area of defence sources in the Czech Republic. Within an analysis of the actual situation in military spending in the Czech Republic, some potential approaches are defined to enable the reasonable and transparent allocation of resources for national defence. Based on these approaches, three courses of action are derived in order to deal with current resources inadequacy and instability in defence. The article is available only in the Czech language. For more information please contact editors.
Prospects of Artillery: Which Way Ahead for the Czech Armed Forces
Authors: Mráz Ivan , Kalina Milan
Published: November 2015

The fire support is an inevitable prerequisite for the success of combat forces in land military operations and artillery is its key provider. Will it be even in a future complex and uncertain operating environment? The article recalls high requirements on the current ACR artillery and with the use of the Alliance partner's findings, it points to selected aspects that might influence its capabilities development towards the future operations. The article defines artillery as an indirect fire system and clarifies its role and tasks in the framework of joint fire support. It proposes measures to increase the quality of its training and management. It discusses the issue of an operational concept and its importance for the future ACR artillery, together with introducing main trends in areas of its potential development.
Calculation of the Distance of the Object from Plane of Fire to Control Check the Barrel Artillery Fire Safety
Authors: Sotulář Bohuslav
Published: November 2015

The article aims to explain the possibility of calculating the perpendicular distance of object (observation, building etc.) from the barrel of fire artillery. The advancement calculation is not included in any legislation addressing the issue of fire safety in the barrel artillery. This paper discusses the mathematical reasoning and calculations that are useful in the preparation of documentation for shooting in the time preparation of shootings. The derived formula can be used by judges when firing safety control shooting.
Internet and emotions: New trends in an emerging field of research
Authors: Serrano-Puche Javier
Published: November 2015

Emotions have become increasingly important in our time, in all realms of social reality. This revaluation of the affective dimension of the person is revealed in its common presence as subject of research in many fields of knowledge. Also in Media and Communications studies, and specifically in relation to the use of digital technology, there is an academic interest in emotions. This paper maps the field of study where emotions and digital technology converge, specifically in the use of the Internet. There appears a vibrant, wide and complex field of study in which come together approaches of different types, both on the theoretical plane and on the methodological one. The article provides an overview of research carried out in this subject, which includes the study of social media as spaces of interaction where emotions are displayed, the massivescale emotional contagion or the sentiment analysis in the digital platforms, among other topics. We conclude that the Net not only arouses emotions in users and serves as a channel for the expression of affection, but also influences the way in which this affection is modulated and displayed, as well as the configuration of the personal identity of the users of the Internet.

Las emociones han adquirido una importancia creciente en nuestra época, en todos los ámbitos de la sociedad. Esta revalorización de la dimensión afectiva de la persona se ha reflejado, a su vez, en su inclusión como objeto de estudio en investigaciones de numerosas ramas del saber. También dentro de los estudios en Comunicación, y en concreto en relación con la tecnología digital, existe un interés académico por las emociones. Por medio de una profunda revisión bibliográfica, en este trabajo se traza un mapa del campo de estudio en el que convergen las emociones y la tecnología digital; más concretamente, en el uso de Internet. En él se advierte un campo de investigación vibrante, amplio y complejo, en el que confluyen aproximaciones de diferente tipo, tanto en el plano teórico como en el metodológico. El artículo presenta un panorama de las investigaciones realizadas en esta materia, que abarca desde el estudio de las redes sociales como espacios de interacción en el que las emociones son expresadas, el contagio emocional a gran escala o el análisis de sentimientos en las plataformas digitales. Se concluye que la Red no sólo despierta emociones en sus usuarios y sirve de cauce para la expresión de los afectos, sino que también influye en el modo en que dicho afecto se modula y despliega, así como en la configuración de la identidad de la persona.
Discriminatory expressions, the young and social networks: The effect of gender
Authors: Dueñas-Cid David , Pontón-Merino Paloma , Belzunegui-Eraso Ángel , Pastor-Gosálbez Inma
Published: November 2015

In the framework of the «Project I: CUD» (Internet: Creatively Unveiling Discrimination), carried out in the United Kingdom, Italy, Belgium, Romania and Spain, we conducted a study into the expressions of discrimination used by young people on social network sites (SNS). To do so we designed a methodological strategy for detecting discriminatory content in 493 Facebook profiles and used this strategy to collect 363 examples for further analysis. Our aims were to compile information on the various types of discriminatory content and how they function online in order to create tools and strategies that can be used by trainers, teachers and families to combat discrimination on the Internet. Through this study we have detected patterns between young men and young women that reveal that there is a feminine and a masculine way of behaving on the Internet and that there are different ways of expressing discrimination on SNS. Men tend to be more direct in their posting and sharing of messages. Their messages, which are also more clearly discriminatory, focus more on discrimination towards ethnic groups and cultural minorities. Women, on the other hand, tend to use indirect (reactive) discriminatory strategies with a less obvious discriminatory component that mainly focuses on sociocultural status and physical appearance.

En el marco del Proyecto «I:CUD» (Internet: Desenmascarando la discriminación creativamente), llevado a cabo en el Reino Unido, Italia, Bélgica, Rumanía y España, hemos desarrollado una investigación sobre las expresiones de discriminación utilizadas por los jóvenes en las redes sociales (SNS). Para la realización de esta investigación, se ha diseñado una estrategia metodológica de detección de contenidos discriminatorios en 493 perfiles de Facebook que ha permitido encontrar 363 ejemplos para su análisis. El objetivo de la misma ha sido la obtención de información acerca de los tipos de contenidos discriminatorios y su forma de funcionamiento on-line, para facilitar la creación de herramientas y estrategias para luchar contra la discriminación en la Red, y su utilización por parte de formadores, docentes y familias. Como resultado, hemos detectado algunos patrones diferenciales entre hombres y mujeres jóvenes que nos permiten afirmar la existencia de una forma femenina y otra masculina de comportarse en Internet y un uso diferencial de las SNS en relación con la discriminación. En cuanto a ésta, los hombres tienden a tener más actividad directa (publicando y compartiendo mensajes), con contenidos más claramente discriminatorios y, sobretodo, centrados en la discriminación hacia grupos étnicos y minorías culturales. Las mujeres, por su parte, tienden a utilizar estrategias de discriminación no directas (reactivas), con una menor evidencia del componente discriminatorio. Ellas, mayoritariamente, dirigen las actitudes discriminatorias hacia la situación sociocultural y la apariencia física.
Malebranche et les mondes impossibles
Authors: Bardout Jean-Christophe
Published: November 2015

Malebranche passe pour être, avec Leibniz, l’un des penseurs des mondes possibles à l’époque moderne. Il soutient que Dieu choisit le meilleur monde parmi une infinité d’autres, qu’il connaît comme possibles. Cette hypothèse se heurte pourtant à plusieurs éléments fondamentaux de son système. L’absence d’une doctrine de l’individuation des possibles et l’impossibilité consécutive d’articuler ces possibles dans des séries constituant des mondes possibles constituent deux obstacles insurmontables. Il s’ensuit que Dieu n’est pas véritablement libre de choisir parmi des mondes authentiquement possibles et qu’il actualise le seul monde vraiment créable, ce que Fénelon a parfaitement mis en évidence dans sa Réfutation du système de Malebranche.
Protocol-Based Arthroplasty: Less Is More
Authors: Gutowski Christina J. , Parvizi Javad , Purtill James J.
Published: November 2015

Educational Objectives

As a result of reading this article, physicians should be able to:

1.

State an argument for, and background information on, patient-centered arthroplasty protocols.

2.

Describe specific recommendations for designing a simplified arthroplasty care pathway that is reproducible in other institutions.

3.

Discuss cost-effectiveness research on the latest value-delivering protocols.

4.

Recognize areas of continued research and opportunities for future improvement in protocol development.

Total joint arthroplasty is a successful orthopedic procedure that is performed in high volume in the United States and internationally. As economic pressures continue to mount in the US health care system, it will become increasingly important to minimize cost and improve quality and value. At the authors’ institution, a protocol-based arthroplasty model is used, in many ways based on simplification of the patient care pathway. The largely evidence-based protocol has its foundation in eliminating unnecessary dogmatic practices, enhancing the patient experience, and achieving cost-effectiveness. The authors believe that a model like this can be applied to joint arthroplasty practices across the country in the future to maximize the value delivered to patients. [
Orthopedics.
2015; 38(10):631–638.]
Bilateral Portal Percutaneous Endoscopic Debridement and Lavage for Lumbar Pyogenic Spondylitis
Authors: Hsu Li-Chen , Tseng Tzu-Ming , Yang Shih-Chieh , Chen Hung-Shu , Yen Cheng-Yo , Tu Yuan-Kun
Published: November 2015

Common management approaches for spinal infections include conservative administration of antibiotics and aggressive surgical debridement. Minimally invasive endoscopic treatment has been reported and is gaining widespread attention because of its simplicity and effectiveness. This study retrospectively evaluated the clinical outcomes of bilateral portal percutaneous endoscopic debridement and lavage with dilute povidone-iodine solution in the treatment of patients with lumbar pyogenic spondylitis. From January 2007 to December 2011, a total of 22 patients diagnosed with single-level lumbar pyogenic spondylitis underwent bilateral portal percutaneous endoscopic debridement and lavage with dilute povidone-iodine solution at the authors’ institution. Clinical outcomes were assessed by careful physical examination, visual analog scale pain score, modified MacNab criteria functional score, regular serologic testing, and imaging studies to determine whether percutaneous endoscopic debridement and lavage treatment was successful or if surgical intervention was required. Causative bacteria were identified in 19 (86.4%) of 22 biopsy specimens. Eighteen patients had satisfactory relief of back pain and uneventful recovery after this treatment. The success rate was 81.8% (18 of 22). Both visual analog scale and modified MacNab criteria scores improved significantly in successfully treated patients. No major surgical complications were noted, except for 3 patients who had residual or subsequent paresthesia in the affected lumbar segment. Percutaneous endoscopic debridement and lavage is a minimally invasive procedure that can yield a higher bacterial diagnosis, relieve back pain, and help to eradicate lumbar pyogenic spondylitis. It is an effective alternative treatment for patients with spinal infection before extensive open surgery. [
Orthopedics.
2015; 38(10):e856–e863.]
Variability in Fluoroscopic Image Acquisition During Operative Fixation of Ankle Fractures
Authors: Harris Dorothy Y. , Lindsey Ronald W.
Published: November 2015

The goal of this study was to determine whether injury, level of surgeon training, and patient factors are associated with increased use of fluoroscopy during open reduction and internal fixation of ankle fractures. These relationships are not well defined. The study was a retrospective chart review of patients treated at an academic institution with primary open reduction and internal fixation of an ankle. Patient demographics, including sex, age, and body mass index, were collected, as was surgeon year of training (residency and fellowship). Image acquisition data included total number of images, total imaging time, and cumulative dose. Ankle fractures were classified according to the Weber and Lauge-Hansen classifications and the number of fixation points. Bivariate analysis and multiple regression models were used to predict increasing fluoroscopic image acquisition. Alpha was set at 0.05. Of 158 patients identified, 58 were excluded. After bivariate analysis, fracture complexity and year of training showed a significant correlation with increasing image acquisition. After multiple regression analysis, fracture complexity and year of training remained clinically significant and were independent predictors of increased image acquisition. Increasing fracture complexity resulted in 20 additional images, 16 additional seconds, and an increase in radiation of 0.7 mGy. Increasing year of training resulted in an additional 6 images and an increase of 0.35 mGy in cumulative dose. The findings suggest that protocols to educate trainee surgeons in minimizing the use of fluoroscopy would be beneficial at all levels of training and should target multiple fracture patterns. [
Orthopedics.
2015; 38(10):e864–e868.]
Orthostetrics: Management of Orthopedic Conditions in the Pregnant Patient
Authors: Matthews Leslie J. , McConda David B. , Lalli Trapper A. J. , Daffner Scott D.
Published: November 2015

Managing orthopedic conditions in pregnant patients leads to challenges that must be carefully considered so that the safety of both the mother and the fetus is maintained. Both perioperative and intraoperative considerations must be made based on physiologic changes during pregnancy, risks of radiation, and recommendations for monitoring. Operative timing, imaging, and medication selection are also factors that may vary based on trimester and clinical scenario. Pregnancy introduces unique parameters that can result in undesirable outcomes for both mother and fetus if not handled appropriately. Ultimately, pregnant patients offer a distinct challenge to the orthopedic surgeon in that the well-being of 2 patients must be considered in all aspects of care. In addition, not only does pregnancy affect the management of orthopedic conditions but the pregnant state also causes physiologic changes that may actually induce various pathologies. These pregnancy-related orthopedic conditions can interfere with an otherwise healthy pregnancy and should be recognized as possible complications. Although the management of orthopedic conditions in pregnancy is often conservative, pregnancy does not necessarily preclude safely treating pathologies operatively. When surgery is considered, regional anesthesia provides less overall drug exposure to the fetus and less variability in fetal heart rate. Intraoperative fluoroscopy can be used when appropriate, with 360° fetal shielding if possible. Lateral decubitus positioning is ideal to prevent hypotension associated with compression of the inferior vena cava. [
Orthopedics.
2015; 38(10):e874–e880.]
Radiostereometric and Radiographic Analysis of Glenoid Component Motion After Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Streit Jonathan J. , Shishani Yousef , Greene Meridith E. , Nebergall Audrey K. , Wanner John Paul , Bragdon Charles R. , Malchau Henrik , Gobezie Reuben
Published: November 2015

Aseptic glenoid component loosening is a common cause of total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) failure, but early detection is difficult because pain often appears late and radiolucent lines are of uncertain significance. This study sought to answer the following questions: (1) What types of glenoid component motion may be observed during the first 3 years following implantation?; (2) Is the appearance of radiolucent lines around the glenoid component a reliable indicator of component motion?; and (3) Are clinical outcomes correlated with early glenoid component motion within the first 3 years after TSA? Eleven patients (mean age, 60.6 years) underwent TSA using a cemented, all-polyethylene glenoid component with tantalum bead implantation. Clinical outcomes (American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons [ASES] score, visual analog scale [VAS] pain score, and range of motion) were compared pre- and postoperatively, and radiolucencies were graded according to the criteria of Lazarus et al. Patients were evaluated using radiostereometric analysis at 6 months and 1, 2, and 3 years postoperatively to measure component micromotion in translation and rotation. At a mean follow-up of 50.2 months, mean ASES score had improved from 30.3 to 81.3 (
P
<.001), mean VAS pain score had improved from 8 to 1 (
P
<.001), active forward flexion had improved from 109° to 155° (
P
=.001), active external rotation had improved from 28° to 54° (
P
=.003), and internal rotation had improved from the level of the sacrum to L3 (
P
=.002). Radiolucencies were detected around none of the components at 1 year, 6 components at 2 years, and 5 components at 3 years, and these radiolucencies were mostly found around components that experienced high levels of rotational motion. [
Orthopedics.
2015; 38(10):e891–e897.]
Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Association With Metabolic Disease in Korean Orthopedic Patients
Authors: Kim Ki-Tack , Kang Kyung-Chung , Shin Dong-Eun , Lee Sang-Hoon , Lee Jung-Hee , Kwon Tae-Yoon
Published: November 2015

Vitamin D is considered essential for bone and muscle health, and some studies have demonstrated the positive effects of vitamin D on metabolic diseases and cancer. Nevertheless, a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency has been reported in various populations, regardless of country or race. However, no studies regarding the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Korean orthopedic patients currently exist. This cross-sectional study included 272 male and 937 female patients aged 50 years and older who were consecutively admitted to the authors’ orthopedic department. Vitamin D (25-hydroxy vitamin D), bone turnover markers (osteocalcin, c-telopeptide), and bone mineral density were measured. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its association with other factors were evaluated. Mean patient age was 67.2±8.9 years, and mean level of vitamin D was 16.1±9.1 ng/mL. Overall, 91.2% of patients had deficient (<20 ng/mL; 70.6%) or insufficient (20–30 ng/mL; 20.6%) levels of vitamin D. Vitamin D level did not vary by age group or sex. The level of vitamin D was significantly associated with osteocalcin, c-telopeptide, calcium, alkaline phosphatase, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose (
P
<.01). Vitamin D level in Korean orthopedic patients of this region was extremely low, regardless of sex and age. Although vitamin D was not directly associated with bone mineral density, there were significant associations between vitamin D and other factors related to bone health and metabolic diseases. [
Orthopedics.
2015; 38(10):e898–e903.]
Relationship Between the Superior Gluteal Vessels and Nerve at the Greater Sciatic Notch
Authors: Collinge Cory A. , Ziran Navid M. , Coons David A.
Published: November 2015

Bleeding from the superior gluteal (SG) blood vessels at the greater sciatic notch is frequently encountered during acetabular fracture surgery. The purpose of this study is to define the positional anatomy of the superior gluteal vessels and nerve (SGVAN) at the greater sciatic notch. Twenty-three hemipelvi were dissected in whole human cadavers. The greater sciatic notch and SGVAN were visualized via a posterior surgical approach, identified deep in the greater sciatic notch, and traced superficially. Branches of the SGVAN and their anatomical relationship to each other were recorded. In the notch, SG arteries comprised a single vessel in 18 (78%) of 23 specimens, with all of these dividing at varying distances (1–3.5 cm) along the lateral ilium after dividing into superior and inferior branches. The SG artery branches were contiguous with periosteum of the bony notch in all specimens. More than 1 SG nerve branch was seen in the greater sciatic notch of all specimens, including an inferior branch that exited caudal or caudal-superficial to the SG vessels. The caudal-most SG nerve branch was directly adjacent to the bony notch’s periosteum in 15 (65%) of 23 specimens. The SGVAN are at risk in patients undergoing acetabular fracture surgery. Individuals performing surgery along the acetabulum’s posterior column would expect to encounter a major SG nerve branch (deep inferior) before encountering the SG vessels in all cases. Iatrogenic injuries to the SGVAN might be prevented by avoiding use of cautery in this area if hemorrhage is encountered. [
Orthopedics.
2015; 38(10):e929–e933.]
Cardiac Perforation and Multiple Emboli After Percutaneous Vertebroplasty
Authors: Shen Chong , Liu Gang , Hu Jun-Zu , Yang Xi-Heng
Published: November 2015

Percutaneous vertebroplasty is a minimally invasive technique for treating vertebral compression fractures and tumors. Although percutaneous vertebroplasty is considered a relatively safe and technically simple procedure, it is also associated with life-threatening complications as a result of cement leakage, including cardiac perforation and pulmonary embolism. A 63-year-old woman underwent percutaneous vertebroplasty for an L3 vertebral fracture and had cement leaks into the inferior vena cava, pulmonary arteries, and right heart chambers, with a free wall perforation. Surgical removal of the cement emboli was recommended as a result of apparent penetration of the ventricle and the fragile nature of polymethyl methacrylate. A cardiopulmonary bypass was immediately performed via a right atriotomy. A foreign body 10 cm in length was removed from the right atrium and ventricle. Arteriotomies were then performed, and 4 cement filaments were retrieved from the pulmonary arteries. The inferior vena cava was also surgically opened, allowing extraction of a cement fragment that was 12 cm long. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient fully recovered. This is the first report of the migration of a cement fragment larger than 10 cm that had migrated and embedded in the heart chamber. This report showed that imaging analysis is valuable when cement leakage is detected during percutaneous vertebroplasty and can be used to avoid serious complications and improve patient outcomes. [
Orthopedics.
2015; 38(10):e947–e950.]
The Impact of Disordered Gambling Among Older Adults
Authors: Kerber Cindy , Adelman-Mullally Theresa , Kim MyoungJin , Astroth Kim Schafer
Published: November 2015

The current study is a secondary analysis that describes the mental, social, and economic health impacts of disordered gambling in older adults recovering from pathological gambling. The study sought to answer the following research questions: (a) What are the problem behaviors in the mental, social, and economic health dimensions?; and (b) What is the association between mental, social, and economic health impact dimensions and the South Oaks Gambling Screen score? The study population comprised a convenience sample of 40 older adults recovering from pathological gambling in the Midwestern United States. Participants were originally recruited from Gamblers Anonymous
®
meetings and gambling treatment centers. Significant findings for the current study population were: gambling causing depression, being fired from a job due to gambling, and still paying off gambling debt. Nurses should evaluate effects of disordered gambling, assess for disordered gambling, and include a financial assessment in routine care of this patient population. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 53
(10), 41–47.]
Bienestar y patrones residenciales de la población que envejece y no convive en pareja. Europa occidental, 2004-2011
Authors: Miret Gamundi Pau , Zueras Pilar
Published: November 2015

Este trabajo analiza la población mayor de 65 años que no convive en pareja en diez países europeos que participaron en las cuatro ediciones de la Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, de 2004/5 a 2010/1. Mediante la regresión logística para panel se analiza la ratio entre convivir con otras personas y vivir solo (sin considerar a la población mayor que se institucionaliza). Controlando por edad, sexo, país de residencia y ciclo de observación, se presenta el efecto del nivel educativo, número de hijos, limitaciones para las actividades de la vida diaria y nivel de renta. Aparece con claridad la división regional, siendo el área con la menor probabilidad de vivir solo el sur de Europa, la intermedia la Europa central y la de mayor los países nórdicos. La corresidencia está asociada a la pérdida de autonomía funcional, al nivel de instrucción y al número de hijos. En contraste, no se ha encontrado una vinculación significativa con el nivel de renta.
René Clair et la résistance à la voix synchrone parlée. Ce que nous disent les « machines parlantes » d'À nous la liberté !
Authors: Boillat Alain
Published: November 2015

La présente étude entend inscrire le film À nous la liberté ! (1931) dans le contexte des premières années de la généralisation du parlant en montrant, à partir de l'analyse d'une séquence clé mettant en scène un appareil phonographique, comment le réalisateur René Clair procède pour contester la préséance de la parole parlée synchrone sur les autres types de son. La représentation des « machines parlantes » dans le film est corrélée au positionnement du cinéaste face à la nouvelle donne technologique : cette posture est abordée ici grâce à la prise en compte de variantes du film jusqu'à sa ressortie en 1950, de détails dégagés d'une étude des annotations du scénario relatives à deux séquences non retenues dans le montage final, et de discours émis sur le film dans le cadre de sa promotion et de sa réception.
Le machinisme et la révolution dans À nous la liberté ! de René Clair vus par trois périodiques de gauche
Authors: Albera François
Published: November 2015

Outre l'apport à la question du sonore, À nous la liberté ! donne une représentation du monde du travail, de l'usine moderne (comparée à une prison) et du travail à la chaîne. Comment la presse de gauche a-t-elle réagi à la fable clairienne qui s'achève sur un monde sans argent et où le travail est supplanté par l'automation ? On reprend ici le débat nourri qui s'étendit sur une année dans les colonnes de l'Humanité de la part de lecteurs ouvriers, la critique des surréalistes dans le Surréalisme au service de la révolution et celle de la revue Plans.
Technique/discours - Quand Bergson inventa son cinématographe
Authors: Tortajada Maria
Published: November 2015

Bergson développe le modèle cinématographique de la pensée dans l’Évolution créatrice en 1907 à partir de ses Cours au Collège de France de 1902-1903. Cette appropriation bergsonienne d’un appareil de la modernité n’est pas passée inaperçue : il a nourri, tout au long du xxe siècle, des positions souvent antagonistes sur le cinéma qui imposent à l’historien de s’interroger sur le statut du dispositif cinématographique de Bergson. Relevant purement du discours philosophique, celui-ci renvoie à un appareillage et à des procédures dont le mécanisme bien reconnaissable ne se résume pourtant pas au Cinématographe Lumière. Il faut donc se confronter à la dimension technique de ce dispositif pour en interroger le caractère très particulier. Qu’est-ce qui fait la technicité du dispositif de Bergson ? Comment se joue le passage de la référence technique à son appropriation par le discours dans des stratégies démonstratives qui en transforment la valeur ? Il s’agira d’interroger frontalement, à partir d’une étude de cas, le devenir de la technique dans les discours. En s’appuyant sur l’histoire des techniques, cet article tente de redessiner l’entrelacement du discours et du fait technique. Il propose de réfléchir à ce qu’on peut appeler un discours utilisateur dans son rapport au discours spécialisé et met en évidence la prédisposition des discours, quels qu’ils soient, à une osmose des concepts dont peut rendre compte l’épistémologie des dispositifs de vision.
Genèse d’une œuvre : Les Aventures de Till l’Espiègle ou l’épopée « im »populaire de Gérard Philipe
Authors: Beaujeault Camille
Published: November 2015

Star incontournable des années 1950, Gérard Philipe acteur fut aussi réalisateur d’un film, les Aventures de Till l’Espiègle. L’historiographie n’a guère retenu cette unique tentative. Échec artistique et critique, ce film est perçu comme une erreur dans la carrière de l’artiste. Sorti le 7 novembre 1956 dans un contexte de « guerre froide », ce film de cinéma populaire de qualité est la première des trois coproductions réalisées avec la République Démocratique Allemande. Associant des personnalités adhérentes au Parti communiste ou sympathisantes, il détient pourtant un statut particulier dans l’histoire du cinéma français. Film en costumes, les Aventures de Till l’Espiègle délivre un message sur le présent et fait écho aux tensions entre les puissances américaines et soviétiques. Cet article propose d’aborder la genèse de l’œuvre pour éclairer les enjeux de sa production et ses relations avec le contexte international qui ont déterminé sa réception. Par le biais de l’histoire culturelle, l’étude propose un parcours dans les archives privées de Gérard Philipe et les archives de presse. Au-delà des aspects esthétiques, l’histoire de ce film montre que le cinéma peut se trouver au carrefour d’appropriations politiques et idéologiques.
Une larme sur la joue du temps : le Retour d’Henri Cartier-Bresson
Authors: Tode Thomas
Published: November 2015

En août 1944, le photographe Henri-Cartier Bresson qui a déjà filmé des événements de la libération de Paris, est chargé de se rendre en Allemagne par le Mouvement National des Prisonniers de Guerre et Déportés (MNPGD) pour réaliser un film sur les prisonniers et déportés récemment libérés par les armées alliées. Avec l’appui du commissariat aux Prisonniers, Déportés et Réfugiés et avec la collaboration du service d’information de guerre américain il peut partir en avril-juin 1945. Le film se distingue des actualités américaines sur les Personnes Déplacées car Cartier-Bresson poursuit un double objectif : pour répondre à la demande politique du MNPGD et au ministère des Prisonniers, Déportés et Réfugiés il doit mettre l’accent sur le fait que les presque 2 millions de Français en Allemagne sont pris en charge, soignés. Lui-même ancien déporté (et évadé), comme l’auteur du commentaire, Claude Roy et le musicien, Robert Lannoy, entend introduire des « contre-images » à valeur thérapeutique pour le public, montrant notamment que les déportés organisent la justice dans les camps libérés et montrer qu’ensuite, par centaines de milliers, ils se mettent en route de leur propre chef pour rentrer dans leurs pays d’origine.
Bannières et drapeaux, sur quelques manières de les lever et de les représenter : l’exemple du Reichstag, mai 1945
Authors: Barbat Victor
Published: November 2015

Tout le monde connaît la photographie prise le 2 mai 1945 sur le toit du Reichstag où un soldat de l’Armée rouge victorieuse, soutenu par un camarade, arrime le drapeau soviétique au-dessus de Berlin en ruine. Due au photojournaliste Evguéni Khaldéi, ce symbole de la victoire soviétique sur le nazisme a fait le tour du monde : revanche vis-à-vis du régime hitlérien qui avait, en 1933, humilié et stigmatisé les communistes allemands en leur imputant l’incendie du parlement allemand. Depuis la chute du mur de Berlin en 1989 et l’ouverture d’un certain nombre d’archives concernant « la Grande Guerre Patriotique », des recherches ont été menées sur les documents relatifs à cette période de l’histoire qui ont conduit à une première monographie sur le photographe soviétique et à un début de généalogie de cette photographie devenue mythique. On a mis en lumière les retouches dont elle avait été l’objet puis on a découvert que les tirages successifs n’avaient pas cessé d’en modifier le cadrage, le fond. Toutes choses qui relèvent finalement d’un parti pris artistique revendiqué par l’auteur dans le cadre du contexte de mémorialisation et de célébration du conflit mondial lors des commémorations de 1965. Le rapprochement avec d’autres clichés célèbres (comme le Old Glory Goes Up on Mt. Suribachi de l’Américain Joe Rosenthal) et la comparaison avec les films d’actualités soviétiques sur le même sujet, permettent de mettre en évidence des régimes de représentation différents.
Les images interdites de la Section photographique de l’armée : quand l’État censure ses propres clichés
Authors: Guillot Hélène
Published: November 2015

C’est en 1915 que les autorités civiles et militaires françaises décident de mettre en place un service dévolu à produire des photographies de guerre officielles : la section photographique de l’armée (SPA). Sa mission est de répondre à la propagande ennemie par l’image exercée en direction des pays neutres. Son objectif inavoué est de contrôler la production d’images fixes en France en les produisant elle-même. À compter du moment où l’image est reconnue comme une nécessité d’État, les autorités s’imposent d’en contrôler toutes les étapes ; choix des sujets, formation et encadrement strict des reporters militaires, mise en place d’un comité de censure spécial. Cette section est un nouvel outil de l’appareil politique français qui s’en approprie toute la puissance. L’image est intégrée dorénavant au discours généralisé de la propagande. Pourquoi, des images sont-elles censurées ? Quand la censure commence-t-elle ? Quelles sont les images interdites, que montrent-elles ? Qu’y a-t-il derrière ces interdictions quels sont les enjeux ?
De 1895 à 1912 : Le cinéma forain français entre innovation et répression
Authors: Le Marchand Arnaud
Published: November 2015

Les forains participèrent à la diffusion du premier cinéma et à son évolution technique et esthétique. Leur marginalisation à partir de 1912 ne découle pas seulement de l’action des grands producteurs industriels, elle fut aussi une conséquence de la loi de 1912 régissant leur statut et accroissant leur précarité. Le déclin du cinéma forain fut moins lié à des raisons esthétiques qu’à l’instauration d’une gouvernance du cinéma qui excluait ses acteurs nomades.