bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Human Airway Epithelial Tissue Stem Cell Differentiation by β-Catenin, P300, and CBP
Authors: Malleske Daniel T. , Hayes Don , Lallier Scott W. , Hill Cynthia L. , Reynolds Susan D.
Published: September 2018

The wingless/integrase-1 (WNT)/β-catenin signaling pathway is active in several chronic lung diseases including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Although this WNT/β-catenin pathway activity is associated with an increase in mucus cell frequency and a decrease in ciliated cell frequency, a cause and consequence relationship between signaling and cell frequency has not been established. We previously demonstrated that genetic stabilization of β-catenin inhibited differentiation of mouse bronchiolar tissue stem cells (TSC). This study determined the effect of β-catenin and its co-factors P300 (E1A-binding protein, 300 kDa) and cAMP response element binding (CREB)-binding protein (CBP) on human bronchial epithelial TSC differentiation to mucus and ciliated cells. We developed a modified air–liquid interface (ALI) culture system in which mucus and ciliated cell frequency is similar. These cultures were treated with the β-catenin agonist CHIR99021 (CHIR) and antagonists to β-catenin (XAV939), P300 (IQ1), and CBP (ICG001). We report that human TSC differentiation to mucus and ciliated cells can be divided into two stages, specification and commitment. CHIR treatment inhibited mucus and ciliated cell commitment while XAV939 treatment demonstrated that β-catenin was necessary for mucus and ciliated cell specification. Additional studies demonstrate that a β-catenin/P300 complex promotes mucus cell specification and that β-catenin interacts with either P300 or CBP to inhibit ciliated cell commitment. These data indicate that activation of β-catenin-dependent signaling in chronic lung disease leads to changes in mucus and ciliated cell frequency and that P300 and CBP tune the β-catenin signal to favor mucus cell differentiation.
The European Union's aging population: Challenges for human resource management
Authors: Chand Masud , Markova Gergana
Published: September 2018

The European Union (EU)'s aging population is leading to a workforce that is rapidly aging and gradually beginning to shrink. Businesses will have to prepare for an older workforce that will have different priorities compared to the historically younger workforce. In this article, we examine the aging population of the EU and analyze how organizations can best manage the transition to a workforce that is rapidly aging. We explain how the changing demographic outlook translates into challenges for acquiring and retaining talent, and how employers can best manage this transition. We provide examples of organizations that have implemented human resource policies to make their workplaces more elderly friendly and their workforces more efficient. We conclude by pointing out some steps that organizations can take to better integrate older workers and help make their aging workforces more productive.
A multi‐institutional assessment of a short‐form personality questionnaire for use with macaques
Authors: Hopper Lydia M. , Cronin Katherine A. , Ross Stephen R.
Published: September 2018

There are two commonly‐used methods for calculating primates’ personality dimensions, behavioral assessments and surveys, which can be used separately or in conjunction. However, these methods have limitations. Behavioral assessments, such as the novel object test or human intruder test, often require subjects to be separated and demand highly‐controlled conditions. This is likely not feasible in many zoological institutions. Furthermore, it may be difficult to replicate methods across institutions. While surveys are easier to implement, the most commonly used one – the Hominoid Personality Questionnaire (HPQ) – is long and can be time consuming to complete, especially if multiple individuals need assessing. Therefore, we developed a short‐form personality questionnaire for use with macaques. We aimed to retain elements of published scales while creating a tool that would be less time consuming to complete. After creating a novel 26‐item scale (28 fewer items than the HPQ), we gathered ratings for 63 Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) living in eight zoos accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums. Using principal components analysis, we identified four components to describe the Japanese macaque personality: Openneness, Friendliness, Dominance, and Anxiety/Reactivity. While further testing is required to fully validate this scale, we tested for the convergent validity of our questionnaire by correlating the responses of a subset of the monkeys to a novel object and assessed the face validity of our scale in comparison to previously‐published scales.
A Cardy formula for off-diagonal three-point coefficients; or, how the geometry behind the horizon gets disentangled
Authors: Romero-Bermúdez Aurelio , Sabella-Garnier Philippe , Schalm Koenraad
Published: September 2018

Abstract

In the AdS/CFT correspondence eternal black holes can be viewed as a specific entanglement between two copies of the CFT: the thermofield double. The statistical CFT Wightman function can be computed from a geodesic between the two boundaries of the Kruskal extended black hole and therefore probes the geometry behind the horizon. We construct a kernel for the AdS3/CFT2 Wightman function that is independent of the entanglement. This kernel equals the average off-diagonal matrix element squared of a primary operator. This allows us to compute the Wightman function for an arbitrary entanglement between the double copies and probe the emergent geometry between a leftand right-CFT that are not thermally entangled.
Human T-Lymphotropic Virus-1–Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis Is Associated With Sexual Dysfunction in Infected Women of Reproductive Age
Authors: Lopes Martins Adenilda Lima , Rios Grassi Maria Fernanda , de Aquino Firmino Alisson , Lacerda Araujo Jean Paulo , Paixao Taiane Silva , Galvão-Castro Bernardo , Boa-Sorte Ney
Published: September 2018

Introduction

Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-1–associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is a neurological disorder that mostly affects women. This disease is characterized by a progressive loss of motor function and disruptions in sensory function in the lower limbs. HTLV-1 is also associated with isolated neurologic dysfunctions, overactive bladder, and erectile dysfunction. The occurrence of sexual dysfunction in HTLV-1–infected women remain unclear.

Aim

To investigate associations between HTLV-1 infection and sexual dysfunction in both asymptomatic infected women and those diagnosed with HAM/TSP compared with uninfected women.

Methods

HTLV-1–infected and uninfected women were assessed for sexual dysfunction using the Female Sexual Function Index instrument. Sexual dysfunction was considered if global Female Sexual Function Index scores were <26.5. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% CI were calculated to identify associations between sexual dysfunction (outcome) and HTLV infection status–asymptomatic or HAM/TSP (main exposure), compared with uninfected women, and adjusted by sociodemographic and/or clinical characteristics (covariables).

Results

HTLV-1–infected women (n = 72; 57 asymptomatic; 15 HAM/TSP) and HTLV-1 uninfected women (n = 49) were evaluated. The overall sexual dysfunction prevalence was 53.7% (65/121), which was higher in the HAM/TSP group (80.0%; adjusted PR 1.89; 95% CI 1.23–2.90) when compared with non-infected individuals (44.9%). Sexual dysfunction was found in 54.4% of the HTLV-1–infected asymptomatic women (PR 1.21; 95% CI 0.82–1.79). Sexual dysfunction was associated with income lower than 1 minimal wage (∼US $300, October 2017) and number of previous birthday.

Conclusion

The obtained results indicate that sexual dysfunction is associated with HAM/TSP in women infected with HTLV-1 of reproductive age.
Publisher Correction: Radiations effects in ISG glass: from structural changes to long-term aqueous behavior
Authors: Peuget Sylvain , Tribet Magaly , Mougnaud Sarah , Miro Sandrine , Jégou Christophe
Published: September 2018

The email address of the corresponding author in the original version of the Article was incorrect. This has now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
PIWI genes and piRNAs are ubiquitously expressed in mollusks and show patterns of lineage-specific adaptation
Authors: Jehn Julia , Gebert Daniel , Pipilescu Frank , Stern Sarah , Kiefer Julian Simon Thilo , Hewel Charlotte , Rosenkranz David
Published: September 2018

PIWI proteins and PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) suppress transposon activity in animals, thus protecting their genomes from detrimental insertion mutagenesis. Here, we reveal that PIWI genes and piRNAs are ubiquitously expressed in mollusks, similar to the situation in arthropods. We describe lineage-specific adaptations of transposon composition in piRNA clusters in the great pond snail and the pacific oyster, likely reflecting differential transposon activity in gastropods and bivalves. We further show that different piRNA clusters with unique transposon composition are dynamically expressed during oyster development. Finally, bioinformatics analyses suggest that different populations of piRNAs presumably bound to different PIWI paralogs participate in homotypic and heterotypic ping-pong amplification loops in a tissue- and sex-specific manner. Together with recent findings from other animal species, our results support the idea that somatic piRNA expression represents the ancestral state in metazoans.
Self-immolative colorimetric, fluorescent and chemiluminescent chemosensors
Authors: Yan Jiatao , Lee Songyi , Zhang Afang , Yoon Juyoung
Published: September 2018

This tutorial review provides an overview of self-immolative chemosensors, including their design strategies, sensing mechanisms, and applications.
The mechanism and conformational changes of polybrominated diphenyl ethers to TTR by fluorescence spectroscopy, molecular simulation, and quantum chemistry
Authors: Xu Jie , Wei Yuchen , Yang Wu , Yang Lulu , Yi Zhongsheng
Published: September 2018

Free energy contribution of amino acid LYS (B and D chains) and PDBEs was analyzed combining quantum chemistry and molecular modeling.
Analysis of human menisci degeneration via infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopy
Authors: Wang Pei , Balko Jonas , Lu Rui , López-Lorente Ángela I. , Dürselen Lutz , Mizaikoff Boris
Published: September 2018

Degeneration of human meniscal tissue induces impairment of normal knee functions, and is a highly relevant etiology of knee joint tears and osteoarthritis.
A background-subtraction strategy leads to ratiometric sensing of oxygen without recalibration
Authors: Zhang Yinglu , Ding Longjiang , Zhang Wei , Zhang Xiao-ai , Lian Ying , Wang Xu-dong
Published: September 2018

After background subtraction, oxygen sensors with different probe concentrations, instrumental setups, surface roughnesses, and supporting matrixes present identical calibration curves.
Collagen formation observed from healing calvarial defects with principal component analysis of Raman scattering
Authors: Ahmed Rafay , Wang Wenhao , Zia Abdul Wasy , Lau Condon
Published: September 2018

Raman, along with PCA and optical techniques, helps in diagnosis of bone compositional changes during healing calvarial defects.
Building better rechargeable Zn–Mn batteries with a highly active Mn3O4/carbon nanowire cathode and neutral Na2SO4/MnSO4electrolyte
Authors: Ma Lai , Li Linpo , Liu Yani , Zhu Jianhui , Meng Ting , Zhang Han , Jiang Jian , Li Chang Ming
Published: September 2018

A more reliable/eco-friendly secondary Zn–Mn battery system is built with highly active Mn3O4@carbon nanowires and near-neutral electrolytes. Such configured batteries show high reversibility and superior behavior in terms of both stored capacity and cycling durability, holding great promise in near-future power-supply applications.
Neutral and cationic tungsten(vi) fluoride complexes with tertiary phosphine and arsine coordination
Authors: Levason William , Monzittu Francesco M. , Reid Gillian , Zhang Wenjian
Published: September 2018

The dodecahedral [WF4{o-C6H4(EMe2)2}2]2+ dications (E = P, As) present the highest oxidation state metal fluoride complexes with soft donor ligands.
Sydnone-coumarins as clickable turn-on fluorescent sensors for molecular imaging
Authors: Decuypère Elodie , Riomet Margaux , Sallustrau Antoine , Bregant Sarah , Thai Robert , Pieters Grégory , Clavier Gilles , Audisio Davide , Taran Frédéric
Published: September 2018

Sydnone-coumarin compounds are interesting turn-on fluorogenic probes for protein labeling.
A new approach for controlling the crystal phase of NiPc in ionic liquids
Authors: Xiao Yan , Zhang Long , Pan Ge-Bo
Published: September 2018

α-NiPc and β-NiPc are obtained via a physical vapor deposition process which uses high density and low density ionic liquids (ILs) as substrates, respectively.
Dicarboxylate-induced structural diversity of luminescent ZnII/CdII coordination polymers derived from V-shaped bis-benzimidazole
Authors: Yao Shu-Li , Zheng Teng-Fei , Tian Xue-Mei , Liu Sui-Jun , Cao Chen , Zhu Ze-Hao , Chen Yong-Qiang , Chen Jing-Lin , Wen He-Rui
Published: September 2018

Six ZnII/CdII CPs (1–6), derived from V-shaped bbib and dicarboxylates, have been synthesized; complex 2 is a good bifunctional chemosensor for the detection of Fe3+ and MnO4−.
Probing hydrogen bonding interactions and impurity intercalation in gibbsite using experimental and theoretical XANES spectroscopy
Authors: McIntosh Grant J. , Chan Andrew
Published: September 2018

Application of theoretical NEXAFS calculations to locating impurities and surface chemistry interactions in important aluminium oxides and hydroxides.
Lysine residues control the conformational dynamics of beta 2-glycoprotein I
Authors: Buchholz Ina , Nestler Peter , Köppen Susan , Delcea Mihaela
Published: September 2018

We report on a strategy to permanently open up the closed conformation of soluble blood protein beta 2-glycoprotein I by chemical acetylation of lysine residues.
Strong and insusceptible photo-emissions from an intramolecular weak hydrogen bond strengthened twisted fluorophore
Authors: Yu Binhong , Liu Danyang , Wang Yi , Zhang Ting , Zhang Yu-Mo , Li Minjie , Zhang Sean Xiao-An
Published: September 2018

A fluorophore with violent emission in both dissolved and aggregated states is obtained by introducing intramolecular weak hydrogen bonds (IMWHBs) into a highly twisted molecular skeleton.
Quantum tunneling dynamical behaviour on weakly bound complexes: the case of a CO2–N2 dimer
Authors: Lara-Moreno Miguel , Stoecklin Thierry , Halvick Philippe , Hochlaf Majdi
Published: September 2018

The dynamics induced by quantum tunneling is found to be closely connected to the shape of the potentials for weakly bound complexes.
Electrical property and Schottky behavior of a flexible Schiff-base compound: X-ray structure and stabilization of 1D water chain
Authors: Dutta Basudeb , Datta Joydeep , Maity Suvendu , Sinha Chittaranjan , Sun Di , Ray Partha Pratim , Mir Mohammad Hedayetullah
Published: September 2018

A flexible Schiff-base compound has been synthesized and structurally confirmed by X-ray crystallography. The compound behaves as a Schottky diode, as supported by the impedance spectroscopy.
Secondary structures in synthetic polypeptides from N-carboxyanhydrides: design, modulation, association, and material applications
Authors: Song Ziyuan , Fu Hailin , Wang Ruibo , Pacheco Lazaro A. , Wang Xu , Lin Yao , Cheng Jianjun
Published: September 2018

This article highlights the conformation-specific properties and functions of synthetic polypeptides derived from N-carboxyanhydrides.
Biochemical sensing with macrocyclic receptors
Authors: Pinalli Roberta , Pedrini Alessandro , Dalcanale Enrico
Published: September 2018

This review summarizes recent developments in biochemical sensing using macrocyclic receptors, from molecular recognition to device fabrication and testing.
Rhenium-catalyzed deoxydehydration of renewable triols derived from sugars
Authors: Wozniak Bartosz , Li Yuehui , Tin Sergey , de Vries Johannes G.
Published: September 2018

An efficient method for the catalytic deoxydehydration of renewable triols, including those obtained from 5-HMF, is described.
Photon event evaluation for conventional pixelated detectors in energy-dispersive X-ray applications
Authors: Baumann Jonas , Gnewkow Richard , Staeck Steffen , Szwedowski-Rammert Veronika , Schlesiger Christopher , Mantouvalou Ioanna , Kanngießer Birgit
Published: September 2018

We analyze and compare 6 different approaches for evaluating energy and position of single X-ray photons detected with conventional pixelated detectors.
Joint utilization of double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and X-ray computed tomography for volumetric information of geological samples
Authors: Prochazka D. , Zikmund T. , Pořízka P. , Břínek A. , Klus J. , Šalplachta J. , Kynický J. , Novotný J. , Kaiser J.
Published: September 2018

Joint utilization of high-resolution X-ray computed tomography and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy advanced 3D elemental imaging.
Splitting and separation of colloidal streams in sinusoidal microchannels
Authors: Schlenk Mathias , Drechsler Markus , Karg Matthias , Zimmermann Walter , Trebbin Martin , Förster Stephan
Published: September 2018

Splitting of colloidal streams in sinusoidal microchannels.
Microfluidic affinity separation chip for selective capture and release of label-free ovarian cancer exosomes
Authors: Hisey Colin L. , Dorayappan Kalpana Deepa Priya , Cohn David E. , Selvendiran Karuppaiyah , Hansford Derek J.
Published: September 2018

An elution technique selectively captures and releases intact, label-free exosomes from a microfluidic device for characterizing ovarian cancer serum.
Manganese(ii) complexes with the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs naproxen and mefenamic acid: synthesis, structure, antioxidant capacity, and interaction with albumins and DNA
Authors: Dimiza Filitsa , Raptopoulou Catherine P. , Psycharis Vassilis , Papadopoulos Athanasios N. , Psomas George
Published: September 2018

The structure, antioxidant activity and interaction with DNA and albumins of a series of manganese(ii) complexes of mefenamic acid or naproxen are presented herein.
A ratiometric hypochlorite sensor guided by PET controlled ESIPT output with real time application in commercial bleach
Authors: Gangopadhyay Ankita , Ali Syed Samim , Guria Uday Narayan , Samanta Sandip Kumar , Sarkar Ripon , Datta Pallab , Mahapatra Ajit Kumar
Published: September 2018

A ratiometric hypochlorite sensor based on enhancement of radiative ESIPT by switching off non-radiative PET amenable to quality control of commercial bleach.
Author Response to Peck (2018), “Questionable Use of ‘Nonorganic’ in ‘Estimating Nonorganic Hearing Thresholds’”
Authors: Norrix Linda W. , Muller Thomas
Published: September 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this letter is to respond to Dr. Peck's (2018) letter to the editor regarding the use of the term “nonorganic” to describe hearing loss, demonstrated by the pure tone audiogram that cannot be explained or is greater than what can be explained by a physiological auditory disorder.

Conclusions

We prefer the term “nonorganic” rather than the term “false and exaggerated hearing loss.” “Nonorganic,” in our view, is a nonjudgmental term and, as stated by Austen and Lynch (2004), implies “as little as possible about its cause” (p. 450).
Computer modeling of glued laminated timber beam reinforced with steel bars fixed with epoxy resin
Authors: Blokhina Nina , Nazarenko Sergei
Published: September 2018

Structures of glued laminated timber have many technical and economic benefits compared to metal or reinforced concrete: lower weight, sufficient strength and durability. Competent design of such structures requires numerical analysis that best meets specified conditions. This article describes a 3D analysis of a beam composed of glued laminated timber, reinforcement bars and epoxy resin. When determining the stress-strain state of the structure, anisotropic properties of wood were also taken into account. Computer analysis of material behavior of timber, reinforcement bars and epoxy resin was performed with the help of ANSYS software package.
Calculation of the stressed state of a soil massif in the filtration of a liquid from a point source
Authors: Andreev Vladimir , Avershyev Anatoliy
Published: September 2018

The rupture of water and sewer pipes leads to numerous accidents (subsidence, swelling, etc.). This is especially characteristic for clay, loess, peat and other soils. We consider the stress state of clay array at different models on fluid propagation from a fracture site. Accordingly, the problems are solved in cylindrical and spherical coordinates. The problem is solved by the methods of stationary and non-stationary moisture elasticity. The feature of the calculation is the accounting of the inhomogeneity of the clay during moistening.
On the Dynamic Stability of a Reinforced Concrete Plate, Taking into Account the Material Creep
Authors: Kosheleva Elena
Published: September 2018

The problem of the dynamic stability of a reinforced concrete plate armoured in two directions parallel to its edges is considered. To describe the viscoelastic properties of concrete, an integral dependence was adopted with an exponential kernel. The use of this dependence led to a linear differential equation of plate vibration. In addition to the creep of concrete, the work of the reinforcement was taken into account. The solution of the differential equation of vibrations of a plate in the form of a series with separated variables is considered, which satisfies the plate fastening conditions. Differential equations are obtained for the time function by the Bubnov-Galerkin method. The task was to find the main areas of dynamic instability. For this, the critical frequency equation was obtained. The influence of the coefficients entering into the equation of critical frequencies on the position of the main regions of dynamic instability is investigated.
Discrete design models of buildings at dynamic calculation
Authors: Mondrus Vladimir , Shutovskiy Stanislav
Published: September 2018

In the article settlement models of the buildings and constructions having periodic (regular) structure with a masses concentrated in nods are considered. Analysis method for finding modal frequencies of free fluctuations for step-periodic buildings are shown.
Features of the numerical solution of boundary value problems on Python algorithmic programming language
Authors: Mondrus Vladimir , Sizov Dmitrii
Published: September 2018

The solution of most practical problems arising in the calculation of structures requires a numerical solution of boundary value problems. In the article, examples of solving specific boundary-value problems describe the capabilities of the modern object-oriented programming language Python.
Conditions of equivalence of effects for the solid body from incompressible material
Authors: Agakhanov Elephan , Agakhanov Murad , Sultanova Lyudmila , Hizriyeva Zabiya
Published: September 2018

Polemicizing with the existing opinion that modern numerical methods allow to solve practically any problem of mechanics, it should be noted that analytical and experimental methods still are relevant, and a complex of methods leads to development of mechanics of a deformable solid body. At present one of the most important directions of development of mechanics of a deformable solid body is creation of the approaches that allow to combine organically great computing opportunities of modern supercomputers with experimental methods of the material and design research. In engineering practice at production of designs and products incompressible materials are widely used. Assessment of their durability requires detailed studying of deflected mode caused by action of various loadings and forces. For a solid body from incompressible material, using the resolving equations set of mechanics of a deformable solid body, at action of the compelled deformations of a general view, volume and superficial forces conditions of equivalence are established. It is shown that the known solutions are special cases of the established equivalence conditions. The efficiency of the analytical solution of a three-dimensional task on the rotating disk from incompressible material is shown by the method of equivalence of effects.
The limit states of polymetallic plates with piecewise elliptic contours
Authors: Nemirovskii Yuri
Published: September 2018

A unified approach to the study of plastic deformation of polymetallic isotropic plates with smooth and piecewise smooth support contours under the influence of static loads is developed. Plates of various types are considered: elliptical; semi-and quarter-elliptical; elliptical belt, «elliptical» sector. Materials of the layers can be ideally plastic or linear hardening. The first limit loads for ideally plastic materials and the second limit loads (initial destruction loads) for hardening materials are determined.
The longitudinal-transverse bending of reinforced concrete rods
Authors: Nemirovskii Yury , Tikhonov Sergey
Published: September 2018

The longitudinal transverse bending of multilayer rods made of reinforced concrete of arbitrary cross-section is considered. It is assumed that the coefficients in the connection equation between stresses, strains and temperature are different in each layer. The achievement of maximum deformation of the permissible limit value at stretching or compression is accepted as the criterion of conditional limit state in the i-layer. The case of longitudinal-transverse bending of a hinged rod is considered as an example of this method of solution. The distribution of bending moments and longitudinal forces, displacements and deformations is determined.
Dynamic comfort inside the building during pedestrian traffic
Authors: Mkrtychev Oleg
Published: September 2018

Dynamic comfort of people inside buildings and structures has been studied in the works of [1, 2], but these works cover only industrial, manufacturing, and sports facilities. Currently, public (exhibition centers, shopping malls, etc.) and residential buildings and structures are challenged with providing dynamic comfort as well. This is due to the possibility of using high-strength and lightweight materials in construction, making the building more sensitive to dynamic effects.

The main purpose of the dynamic comfort analysis is to remove vibrations or reduce such vibrations to an acceptable level stipulated in the regulations.

A source of vibrations can be external (underground and surface transport, construction work, etc.) and internal (equipment at factories, workshops, etc.). One of the internal factors are dynamic vibrations from pedestrian traffic.
Evolutionary Spreadsheet Solver in Optimal Engineering Design
Authors: Gajewski Ryszard Robert
Published: September 2018

Spreadsheet solver proved to be an excellent tool to solve operational research problems modelled as linear programming problems. Majority of engineering design problems are nonlinear in nature. The paper presents ability of spreadsheet solver to solve such problems as: four bar statically determinate truss, compound gear train problem and sequence determination problem by means of evolutionary engine.
Modelling of single degree of freedom SMA oscillators by using rheological schemes
Authors: Zbiciak Artur , Wasilewski Kacper
Published: September 2018

The article describes the approach to modelling of single degree of freedom SMA oscillators by using rheological schemes. Certain sets of rheological components are presented and their influence on the oscillator response is examined. Regarding the field of civil engineering, the devices incorporating SMA elements mostly find applications in mitigation of natural disaster hazards, such as earthquakes. The promising results of applications are possible due to unique properties of SMA, such as shape memory effect (recovering of relatively high strains while material is heated) and superelasticity (recovering of strains upon load removal). The most common approach to the formulation of SMAs constitutive relations is a thermomechanical modelling, in which constitutive equations are dependent on internal state variables. One of the advantages of the phenomenological modelling approach presented in the article is a possibility of formulation of constitutive relationships as a set of explicit differential equations. Such system of equations can be easily implemented in mathematical software or in the commercial FEM codes as a user's subroutines. As an example of numerical application of presented approach, the simple one-dimensional oscillator is used in order to solve the case of forced vibrations of a cantilever with embedded SMA reinforcement.
Selected aspects of numerical modelling in prediction of building vibrations due to traffic
Authors: Dudziak Sławomir , Kozyra Zofia
Published: September 2018

Dynamic analyses play an important role in the process of designing buildings in the vicinity of transportation routes. The Finite Element Method is the most popular modelling technique, because it allows to simulate the structure response in the higher frequency range properly. However, the results of such analyses depend on many factors and can differ a lot. This paper discusses the impact of the building mass estimation and neglecting or including damping in the analysis on the assessment of influence of vibrations due to traffic on people.
High-strength Reinforced Concrete Matrices, Hardening Under Pressure
Authors: Murashkin Gennadiy , Snegireva Antonina , Kretov Dmitriy
Published: September 2018

The paper analyses ways of increasing strength and durability of reinforced concrete matrices for explosive stamping. One of the means to increase the strength of the structure is a technological method of hardening concrete mixture processing. This technique is known as concrete hardening under pressure. The research reveals advantages and disadvantages of this method. It shows that the improvement of matrix characteristics is achieved through engineering changes. The authors describe their design of the matrix, to which they additionally install a compensation layer and a hydraulic chamber. The chamber allows creating pressure inside the structure not only at the moment of its manufacture, but also at any moment of its operation. The paper further describes the developed method of calculating ring-shaped reinforced concrete matrices with a compensation layer. It proposes equations of a matrix and its separate elements motion, necessary for other calculations. The results of calculation of the matrix and its developed structure are described. Graphs of matrix motion and graphs of relative deformations in time done in MathCAD complex are given.
Stress-strain behaviour of pre-stressed slabs of off-shuttering formation reinforced by carbon fiber
Authors: Panfilov Denis , Pischulev Alexander , Zhiltsov Yuriy
Published: September 2018

The paper presents calculations result of an assembled reinforced concrete hollow core slab of off-shuttering formation which has been reinforced with pre-stressed wire in its top and bottom areas reinforced with carbon fiber, in their turn. The research also examines the existing practice of using carbon fiber as reinforcement elements of reinforced concrete structures, existing specification documents regulating carbon fiber application of carbon in the Russian Federation as well as specification documents containing information about carbon fiber strength and stress-strain properties. The article contains the information on the scheme of loading, conditions of the slab fastening, geometrical characteristics of floor slab panels, physical characteristics of concrete and reinforcement of the experimental sample; technical characteristics of carbon reinforcement elements. The research results are represented as graphs of variance of construction deflections under loading in operating conditions of a slab wIth and without cracks before its reinforcement, and also in the moment of reinforcement. The research shows that using of carbon fiber to reinforce flexural elements with preliminary stress allows to increase rigidity and crack resistance of reinforced concrete elements.
Using rigidity elements to strengthen one-storey buildings frames
Authors: Veremeenko Oleg
Published: September 2018

The study focuses on strengthening industrial buildings frames by introducing rigidity elements. Materials concentration principle in rigidity elements in the form of reinforced concrete columns is used and the influence degree on a building frame operation is estimated. This changes the performance of the overlay disk as an element that distributes horizontal forces. The paper describes basic dependencies determining the correlation between rigidity characteristics of rigidity elements and ordinary columns. They are determined by reinforced concrete frame movements when the lower section columns moments reach limit values. In resulting exposure rigidity elements accept basic horizontal efforts, and ordinary columns work as centrally compressed. Calculation results are presented as graphs of force variation depending on correlation between rigidity characteristics of rigidity elements and ordinary columns. The paper outlines that after introducing rigidity elements they act as basic distributing horizontal loads element. The overlay disk has the final load bearing capacity and regulates the limit distances between rigidity elements. The introduction of rigidity elements into the building frame should be accompanied by appropriate measures to strengthen structure foundations. The research proves that this method of one-storey industrial buildings frames reinforcement enables to use materials and technologies during reconstruction more efficiently.
The deformability of short pillars in various loading options and external composite reinforcement
Authors: Polskoy Petr , Georgiev Sergey , Muradyan Viktor , Shilov Aleksandr
Published: September 2018

The test results on deformation and rigidity of short compressed reinforced concrete pillars with various types of external transverse and longitudinal composite reinforcement are given. The samples from heavy concrete with design strength class B30-35 were tested, having the same cross-section 250x125 (h) mm and length 1200mm with flexibility λh = 10. The pillars were reinforced with 4Ø12A500 in the longitudinal direction and with tied clamps Ø6B500, installed with the step of 180 mm - in the transverse direction. The purpose of the experiment was to determine the effect of the rigidity of reinforced elements on the deformability of short experimental samples. It was necessary to determine how the eccentricity of the load application influences on the variation in the rigidity of the reinforced elements. The purpose was also to obtain data on the deformability of pillars loaded with small eccentricities, i.e. when e0 = 0.16h. It was found that the most effective type for short pillars reinforcement is a three-layer holder, which has maximum rigidity and minimal deformability. However, its efficiency gradually decreases when the eccentricity of the load application increases.
New reinforcement structures of reinforced concrete floor slabs and their technical and economic efficiency
Authors: Serbinovskiy Pavel , Mailyan Dmitry , Serbinovskiy Andrey
Published: September 2018

The article deals with the new reinforcement structures of reinforced hollow core slabs, their advantages and disadvantages. Thearticle analyses their technical and economic efficiency.

Along with the new construction, the reconstruction and the total renovation of existing buildings are being actively carried out. The given works are produced both for defectselimination of building structures, and for buildings re-profiling, which causes loads increase on the floors. Therefore, issues related to the reinforcement of building structures are getting more and more urgent [1-4]. Here, it is worth paying special attention to the prefabricated reinforced concrete structures.

Several types of reinforcement structures for these slabs have been developed and patented [5-15]. Based on these patents, four (4) basic types of reinforcement structures were developed. In the first type, the reinforcement bar is located below the hollowness of the slab. In the second type, the reinforcement bar is located in a slot punched between the bottom of the hollowness and the bed of the slab. In the third type, the reinforcement bar is located under the bed of the slab. In the fourth type, the reinforcement bar is located at a certain distance from the bed of the slab in a monolithic rib, connected with the hollowness of the slab. The technical characteristics of reinforcement were checked and confirmed experimentally on full-scale samples. For the experiment, five series of slabs PC-42.12-6T were manufactured on the basis of the working drawings of the series 1.141-1 at.60, one series for each type of reinforcement and one for testing without reinforcement.
Evaluating containment operational reliability of nuclear power plant units with the VVER-1000 reactor in operation
Authors: Pimshin Yuri , Zayarov Yuri , Zabaznov Yuri , Naumenko Galina
Published: September 2018

The theory of the containment technical condition estimation of NPP units is considered in the paper. The theory is that the results of a regular built-in system intended for determining and evaluation of the containment stress-strain state during the acceptance and operation period must be duplicated by the mobile geodetic system results, obtained at the same stages of the containment existence. At the same time, the proposal for applying this theory to the containments constructed in 1980-2010 has been developed. The possible initial working environment is considered and the proposals for this technique implementation are introduced in the conditions under consideration. The proposals presented provide an objective control of the containment for an unlimited period of their operation.
Simulation and measurement of microclimate in roof space on a gothic truss construction
Authors: Ponechal Radoslav , Krušinský Peter , Pisca Peter , Korenková Renáta
Published: September 2018

Research in the field of historical trusses has long been performed at the workplace of the authors. In each truss, there was recorded the general technical state and some even monitoring and analysing microclimate with the aim of specifying environmental conditions that would be suitable for preservation of a historical structure. The article shows the results of temperature and relative humidity measurement in roof space of the Roman-Catholic church in the historical centre of the village of Bela-Dulice as well as result of thermodynamic simulation of this space. The selected measurement was compared to the simulation results.
Elaboration of testing technique of flat slabs on punching shear strength using finite element modeling
Authors: Filatov Valery , Galyautdinov Zulfat , Suvorov Alexander
Published: September 2018

The results of researches on finite-element models of stress-strain state of flat reinforced concrete slabs of beamless frame under punching by columns of square and rectangular cross-section are presented. The purpose of the study was to develop a technique for testing samples plates for punching in the presence of bending moments in a column. The results of the study of deflections of reinforced concrete slabs, the distribution of bending moments in the punching zone of the plate under various loading schemes are presented. Variable parameter was the ratio of the sides of the column cross-section. Comparative analysis of studies results on finite element models has made it possible to choose the optimal variant of applying the load to the test samples, depending on the aspect ratio of rectangular section of column. Results of the conducted research will allow simulating the stress-strain state in the punching zone of natural reinforced concrete slabs of monolithic beamless frame during the test of samples.
Calculating methodology of large base slabs: compressible strata capacity and foundation settlement
Authors: Isaev Veniamin , Maltsev Andrey , Karpov Andrey
Published: September 2018

The paper focuses on determining foundation active zones and calculating foundation settlement which is the question of great scientific and practical interest. According to existing methodologies, researchers apply the theory of homogeneous isotropic linear-deformable medium to determine the deformation of soil foundations. In this study the authors propose to use the theory of soils compression seal and its one-dimensional problem solution to calculate the sediment of large base slabs. To justify this methodology, the authors specify the minimum size of foundation slabs. They analyze the Boussinesq's Formula and prove that compacting pressure is evenly distributed throughout the area of the slab bottom. The researchers delimit concepts of the active zone and the compressible strata. It is assumed that the compressible strata is a part of the active zone. The existing methods on calculating compressible strata capacity introduced by N.A. Tsytovich and K.E. Egorov (SP 22.13330.2016) are also analyzed in the paper. Besides, formulas of determining compressible strata capacity and of calculating slab foundation settlement are presented. Calculation results of this methodology and the method suggested in the existing code specification (CS) are produced and compared. The researches come to the conclusion that, according to CS, compressible strata capacity increases with the increase of foundation space under the same load. This corresponds to the theory of linear-deformable half-space. The authors believe that the size of slab foundation settlement depends only on the compacting pressure capacity (which coincides with the Winkler's hypothesis), and on the properties of foundation soils. The authors assign the application area of the spatial problem solution for calculating foundation settlement.
Evaluation criteria of landslide stability
Authors: Simonyan Vladimir , Labuznov Alexander
Published: September 2018

The theoretical issues related to the definition of the landslide movement for rectilinear and circular cylindrical sliding surfaces are considered. Based on the concepts of the theory of measurement errors, an analysis of the impact of the parameters on the landslide velocity is performed. The formulas obtained allow us to calculate the speeds of landslides during seismic and atmospheric action.
Compaction of water-saturated soil by surface vacuuming
Authors: Cherkasova Lyudmila
Published: September 2018

The results of laboratory studies of compaction of weak water-saturated soils using surface vacuuming are presented. Experiments on the compaction of water-saturated peat by the method of surface vacuuming under the screens were carried out on a special installation. The vacuum was created under round sealed screens of different sizes and stiffness. As the results of the experiments showed, the mechanism of compaction of weak water-saturated soils during vacuuming from the surface under the protection of a sealed coating is determined by the action of volumetric filtration forces. When vacuuming, in contrast to the compaction load, there is no soil venting around the perimeter of the compacted surface area, which significantly increases the efficiency of this method. And the use of flexible screens (geo-membrane) opens up opportunities for construction. A series of compression tests was carried out to identify the similarities and differences in the consolidation processes when compacting different materials by vacuuming and equivalent load created by the press.
Footings of Residential Buildings, Erected on Clay Soils with Organic Content
Authors: Chunyuk Dmitry , Kopteva Olga
Published: September 2018

In the proposed article the author examines issues determining physical and mechanical soils with organic matter content. Conditional definitions of organic soils depending on the value of the relative organic content matter are determined. The biogenic soils are examined using three groups - peat, blocked soils and sapropels. Depending on the relative content of organic substances, the author compares various peat types. The division of the soils with organic content is presented. A definition of sapropels is presented. The problem of complexity of determination of the amount of organic substances by calcination of samples is described. The current methods used to determine the amount of organic substances currently in Russia isexamined. The paper reviews physical and mechanical properties of organic soils. The on-site test-plate data is compared with laboratory test data. The problems of sapropel tests are described. The results of experimental studies, conducted at a construction site in the new suburban district of Moscow are shown.
Optimal resource allocation of the servicing companies in the field of housing and public utilities on the basis of the theory of multiphase queueing systems
Authors: Khayrullin Rustam
Published: September 2018

The mathematical model describing technological process of functioning of the servicing companies in the sphere of housing sector and communal services is offered. The model allows you to manage the resources of serving companies in the housing sector in order to improve the quality of service. The problem statement and the solution of a problem of rational distribution of resources of the service company on the example of functioning of the center of maintenance of the measuring equipment used in the sphere of housing and communal services is given. The service center is modeled as a multiphase queueing system, which includes single-phase Queuing systems with limited and unlimited queue length. Used in the paper a method of sequential linearization allows to solve tasks of control production capacity of multiphase queueing systems for the simplest incoming flows with exponential service of requirements and free streams of requirements that are describing by means of simulation modeling methods. The software was developed. The results of applying the method of consistent linearization and corresponding software to the problem of optimal redistribution of production capacity of the center for maintenance of measuring equipment used in the sphere of housing and communal services are presented.
Nano-level management of calcium silicate-hydrate nanoparticles structure formation during portland cement hydration process
Authors: Guryanov Alexander , Kozlov Vyacheslav , Sidorenko Yulia
Published: September 2018

Cement-containing building materials durability depends both on the original clinker composition and on the structure of hydrated portland cement compositions on micro and nanoscales. To calculate structural parameters of silicate-hydrate calcium nanoparticles during portland cement hydration process, the researchers applied the method of small-angle neutron scattering which included distribution of nanoparticles in size, medium nanoparticles radius, fractal dimension. Modifying nanoparticles blending with portland cement composition affects structural parameters of silicate-hydrate calcium nanoparticles. The authors used complex modifying nanoparticles in this study. Nanoparticle composition included a component that served as a filler and a chemically active component that was used as a modifier. The first component was a mixture of alpha oxide aluminum, gamma oxide aluminum and carbonate sludge. The second component presented a mixture of alumoalkaline sludge with alumocalcite sludge. These sludges were of technogenic origin. The research showed that application of complex nanoagents made it possible to control process of silicate-hydrate calcium nanoparticles structure formation, and, as the result, to influence durability of cement stone.