bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPACT OF ANCHOR BORROWER’S PROGRAMME ON FOOD SECURITY STATUS OF SMALLHOLDER RICE FARMERS IN KANO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Gwadabe, M*.  , Saddiq, N.M.  , Yusuf, H.O.  , Oladimeji, Y.U.
Published: October 2024

The study was to assess the impact of anchor borrower’s program on food security status of rice farmers in Kano Sate, Nigeria. Primary data was used for this study. Multi stage sampling procedure was used where power analysis software was used to arrive at the accurate sample size of 606 ABP rice farmers with actual power of 0.95 at two tail tests. The date was analyzed using z-statistics to comparing between food security status of beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries in the study area. Based on this power analysis, the farmers were stratified into beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of ABP. Data were collected from 303 beneficiaries and 303 non- beneficiaries’ farmers through the use of interview schedule. The result shows that majority of the two groups were Low food secured with 284 (93.4%) and 252 (83%) respectively. that there were no significance differences in the food security status between the two groups. In conclusion, Majority of the rice farmers were low food secured It was recommended that. Majority of the rice farmers were low food secured. It is therefore recommended that all stakeholders should consider these as major problems and look for way out because it has reciprocal effect in community which could lead to social verses among the people. It was also recommended that proper measures should be taken im implementing an important program like this.
ESTIMATION BREEDING VALUE FOR HEAT TOLERANCE (HT EBV) IN BUNAJI DAIRY CATTLE
Authors: Onwuneme, P. C.  , Mancha, Y. P.  , Bello, K. M.  , Wamagi, I. T.
Published: October 2024

The study was conducted at the Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Dairy Research and Development Center Gubi campus to estimate the breeding value for heat tolerance (HT EBV) in Bunaji dairy cattle. A total of twenty four (24) Bunaji dairy cattle were used for the study out of which fifteen (15) were lactating during the period of the study. The heat stress parameters used in the experiment were; rectal temperatures [Morning Rectal Temperature (MRT), Evening Rectal Temperature (ERT) and Increased Rectal Temperature (IRT)] and Subsequent Day Milk Yield (SDMY). The result from the study revealed a significant (P < 0.05) variation within the Bunaji breed in all the parameters studied, except the IRT. The cows with tag numbers B162 and B429 recorded the lowest value of mean MRT of 37.4 ℃ each while B430 recorded the highest of 38.6 ℃. The B158 recorded the lowest value of mean ERT of 38.3℃ while B177 recorded the highest of 39.3℃. The B162 recorded the highest value of mean SDMY of 4.0 l/day with mean IRT of 0.1 ℃, mean regression coefficient of -0.11 l/℃, a significant negative correlation (P < 0.05) of -0.71, an intercept of 4.1 l/day, mean % decline in SDMY per unit increase in IRT of 2.7 %/℃ and an estimated breeding value for heat tolerance (HT EBV) of +61.6% /℃. The B193 recorded the lowest value of mean SDMY of 0.7 l/day with mean IRT of 1.2 ℃, mean regression coefficient of -0.54 l/℃, a significant negative correlation (P < 0.05) of -0.93, an intercept of 1.2 l/day, mean % decline in SDMY per unit increase in IRT of 45 %/℃ and HT EBV of -25.0%/℃. The findings from this study showed that, there were significant variations (P < 0.05) in HT EBV within the Bunaji dairy cows used, thus selective breeding is recommended in order to improve the population mean of HT EBV of the Bunaji breed in the farm.
FACTORS INFLUENCING POTATO FARMER’S SATISFACTION WITH THE QUALITY OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES IN PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Bedima, C. G.  , Garba, M.  , Abdullahi, S.
Published: October 2024

The study examined the factors influencing potato farmers’ satisfaction with quality of agricultural extension services in Plateau State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was employed in selecting 209 farmers. Data were collected through the administration of structured questionnaires and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that majority (63.4%, 79.7% and 64.9%) of the Irish potato farmers were male, married and had attended tertiary levels of education respectively. The results also reveal that majority (70.8%, 67.8% and 67.3%) of the Irish potato farmers had a farm size of 0.5-2.6ha, 110 persons per household and were within the age bracket of 32-45 years respectively. The result also shows that Irish potato farmers were highly satisfied with method of farmers training (2.7), provision of inputs (2.7) and relevance of innovation to farmers (3.1). On the other hand, the result also shows that sex (r= 6.680), marital status (r= 6.513) and membership of association (r= 7.055) were significant (P<0.01) in influencing Irish potato farmers satisfaction with extension service delivery . The study further reveals that inadequate training to farmers (93.6%), financial constraints (88.6%) and poor farmers outreach (68.8%) were the major constraints to Irish potato farmers satisfaction with extension services delivery. The study concludes that sex, marital status and membership of associations were the factors influencing Irish potato farmers satisfaction with extension service delivery. The study recommends that irish potato farmers should form and actively participate in farmers’ cooperatives/association to increase their access to extension services and credit, government should assist irish potato farmers by providing inputs at subsidized rates.
GROWTH AND YIELD OF FLUTED PUMPKIN [Telfairia occidentali (Hook F)] AS INFLUENCED BY TILLAGE PRACTICE AND STAKING METHODS IN THE SUDAN SAVANNAH OF NIGERIA
Authors: Rufa’i, S.
Published: October 2024

Field trials were conducted to study the influence of tillage practices and staking methods on the growth and yield of fluted pumpkin, during 2018 rainy session at the Teaching and Research Farm, Bayero University, Kano (Latitude 11°58’N and Longitude 8°25'E), and Kano Institute of Horticulture Bagauda, Kano (Latitude 11°33'N and Longitude 8°34'E) both located in the Sudan savanna of Nigeria. The treatments consisted of three (3) tillage practices (zero tillage, conventional tillage, and conservational tillage) and three (3) staking methods (individual, pyramidal, and non-staked), these were factorially combined to give nine (9) treatments and laid out in a split plot design, replicated four (4) times with tillage practices allocated to the main plot while staking methods were placed in sub-plots. Results indicated that tillage practices had distinct effects on many growth parameters (vine length, number of leaves) depending on the location. In some cases, minimum and conservational tillage practices resulted in more leaves at Bagauda and longer vines at 6 WAS (94.5 cm) and at 12 WAS (160.1cm) at BUK, potentially due to improved soil properties across the locations. Staking methods significantly influenced branching only at Bagauda and later in the growth cycle. Similarly, non-staking (4.091) and pyramidal staking (4.225) encouraged more branching compared to individual staking (3.667), likely due to better support and resource allocation. Tillage and staking methods generally did not significantly impact leaf length across locations, suggesting a potential genetic influence on leaf size in the fluted pumpkin variety used. The combination of tillage and staking methods can influence leaf growth, but the optimal combination depends on the growth stage and location. Therefore, conservational tillage with pyramidal staking could be employed by farmers of fluted pumpkin in the study area to enhance growth and yield.
PRELIMINARY ROOTING STUDY OF TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.) IN RESPONSE TO DROUGHT STRESS AS MANAGED BY AQUAGRAIN APPLICATION
Authors: Adnan. A. A.  , Shittu, E. A.  , Mansur, A. I.
Published: October 2024

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Aquagrain application, a proteinbased SAP, on tomato root development during the 2024 dry season at the Center for Dryland Agriculture (CDA) Research and Training Farm, Kano, Nigeria. The treatment consisted of four rates of aquagrain (0, 200, 225, and 250 kg/ha) and two tomato varieties (local and improved) which were factorially combined and laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Data were collected on plant growth and root parameters and subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using GENSTAT (11th edition). Significant means were separated using the Student Newman's' Test (SNK). Result of the experiment revealed that, Aquagrain application improved soil moisture retention and consequently plant growth (height, leaves, branches). The most significant positive effects were observed at the highest concentration (250 kg/ha) with the improved tomato variety. These findings suggest protein-based SAPs hold promise for mitigating drought stress in tomatoes. However, further research is required to assess long-term impacts on soil quality, crop yield, and the environment alongside optimizing application rates for various crops and growing conditions.
RESPONSE OF FINISHER BROILER CHICKENS TO DIETARY LEVELS OF BAUCHI RED SORGHUM VARIETY
Authors: Doma, U. D.  , Adamu, N.  , Jama’a, N. A.  , Mubarakat, Y.
Published: October 2024

This experiment was conducted to determine the response of finisher broiler chickens to dietary replacement levels of Bauchi Red Sorghum (BRS) for maize. Five experimental diets were formulated in which BRS replaced maize at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% levels, coded as diets A, B, C, D and E, respectively. Two hundred (200) broiler chickens weighing between 1147.50 and 1180.00g were allotted to the five diets in replicates of two containing 20 birds each in a Complete Randomized Design. Feed and water were served ad libitum and the study lasted for 21 days. Data for growth performance indices (feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, feed efficiency, survivability) and cost benefit (feed cost, feed cost per kg gain and cost saving) were collected. Results showed that total weight gain was higher (P<0.05) on diet E (1052.50g) which was similar to diet B (1027.50g), diet C (1014.00g) and diet D (1005.00g) than on diet A (995.00g). The daily weight gain also followed the same trend with significantly (P<0.05) higher value on diet E (50.12g), which was similar to the values observed on diet B (48.93g), diet C (48.29g) and diet D (47.86g) while the lowest value of 46.43g was obtained on diet A (control diet). Similarly, feed conversion ratio was also better in broiler birds fed diets C and E (2.74) whereas the poorest feed conversion ratio of 2.97 was found on diet A. Feed cost (N/kg) declined progressively from N500.00 on diet A to N380.00 for diet E. Similarly, feed cost per kg gain also decreased from N1474.49 on diet A to N1038.57 on diet E. Consequently, the highest percent cost saving was realized on diet E. It is therefore concluded that Bauchi red sorghum variety can completely replace maize in the diets of finisher broiler chickens with improved performance and better cost benefits.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CONSUMER PREFERENCE FOR ORANGE AND WHITE-FLESHED SWEET POTATO IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Yusuf, O. J.  , Olatinwo, L. K.  , Komolafe, S. E.  , Ambali, Y. O.  , Ajibade, L. A.
Published: October 2024

This study examined the consumer preference for orange-fleshed sweet potatoes (OFSP) compared to white-fleshed sweet potatoes (WFSP) in Kwara State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was used in selecting 140 respondents from the study area. Data were collected through the administration of questionnaire and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings show that 66.4% were males while 82.1% were married. The average age was 46.1 years with the standard deviation ±8.26, and an average household size of 5 persons. Majority (51.4%) of the respondents had formal education. The findings also reveal that the respondents agreed that ‘OFSP is more nutritious than WFSP’ (x̄ =3.9±1.40), ‘OFSP is healthier than WFSP’ (x̄ =3.9±1.41) and ‘OFSP has more vitamins and minerals than WFSP’ (x̄ =3.6±1.21). Consumers’ willingness to purchase and consume OFSP instead of WFSP was high among the respondents with 83.6%. The results also show that nutritional content (x̄ =3.9), taste (x̄ =3.8) and health benefits (x̄ =3.7) were the factors influencing the choice of OFSP’s consumption over WFSP. In addition, the results of regression analysis showed that higher education supports preference for OFSP (β=0.233, p<0.05) while age (β= .012, p<0.05) had a negative influence on the preference for OFSP over WFSP. The study concluded that consumers preferred OFSP over WFSP due to its nutritional content, taste and health benefits. It is recommended that marketing efforts should be directed at showcasing the nutritional benefits and palatability of OFSP that provide consumers with better taste and good health.
EFFECT OF TILLAGE PRACTICES AND STAKING METHODS ON THE PERFORMANCE AND NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION OF FLUTED PUMPKIN
Authors: Rufa’i, S.  , Alobo, A. I.  , Shittu, E. A.
Published: October 2024

A field experiment was conducted during 2018 rainy season at the Teaching and Research Farm of Bayero University in Kano (11°58′ N, 8°25′ E), and Kano Institute of Horticulture in Bagauda, Kano (11°33′ N, 8°34′ E) to study the effects of tillage practices (no tillage, conservation tillage, and conventional tillage) and staking methods (individual stakes, no stakes, and pyramidal stakes) on the growth, yield, and seed quality of fluted pumpkin. A splitplot design with four replicates was employed, with tillage practices occupying the main plots and staking methods assigned to subplots. Findings revealed that leaf area was not significantly (P>0.05) affected by either tillage or staking methods. Minimum or zero tillage resulted in the highest leaf fresh weight (30.58 and 31.58) at later growth stages at Bagauda and BUK. Tillage and staking methods individually had minimal impact on the number of fruits per plant, fruit diameter, fruit length, and fruit weight at both locations. Furthermore, seed nutrient composition was minimally affected by tillage practices, except for protein content under conservation tillage. Staking methods, particularly individual staking, decreased the seed protein content. These findings suggest that the optimal combination of tillage and staking methods for fluted pumpkin production may vary depending on location and desired outcome. Further research is recommended to explore mechanisms behind the observed interaction effects and to investigate strategies for mitigating decrease in seed protein content associated with staking.
PERFORMANCE, HAEMATOLOGICAL INDICES AND ORGANOLEPTIC PROPERTIES OF BROILER CHICKENS FED DIET CONTAINING CINNAMON (Cinnamomum cassia) AS FEED ADDITIVE
Authors: Sulaiman, R.  , Sulaiman, Z.  , Jaafar, A.M.  , Sabo, A.
Published: October 2024

This experiment was conducted to determine the performance, hematological indices and organoleptic properties of broiler chicken fed different inclusion levels of cinnamon powder as feed additive. Three Hundred 300 day old Agrited Lohman strain of broiler chicken were used for the experiment and were randomly distributed to five treatments of 60 birds each with three replicate consisting of 20 birds per replicate in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The dietary treatment consisted of T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 with cinnamon supplementation at 0.0g, 0.5g, 1.0g, 1.5g, and 2.0g respectively in drinking water. Feed and water were supplied ad libtum and the experiment lasted for seven (7) weeks. At the end of the 7th week, data were collected on growth performance, organoleptic properties and hematological indices by starving bird of feed overnight. Blood samples for analysis were collected in different set of bottles from three birds per treatment through their wing vein. The result showed that there is significant difference (p < 0.05) across the body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio and the haematological parametres measured. However, the results of organoleptic properties also indicate significant difference (p < 0.05) among the properties tested. Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that inclusion T5 with 2.0g of cinnamon powder in chicken drinking water improved performance and hematological status of the chickens without compromising it performance, health status and overall meat quality as such its recommended to poultry farmers
GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS FED DIETARY LEVELS OF SWEET POTATO PEEL MEAL AS REPLACEMENT FOR MAIZE
Authors: Auta, Y. I.  , Muhammad, A. S.  , Sani, I.  , Jama’a, N. A.
Published: October 2024

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth performance of broiler chickens fed graded levels of sweet potato peel meal (SPPM) as replacement for maize. The treatment consists of five diets (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) formulated using SPPM as replacement for maize and coded as diets 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively, in both starter (23% crude protein) and finisher (20% crude protein) phases. Two hundred and twenty five broiler chicks were allotted to the diets in four replicates of fifteen chicks each in a completely randomized design (CRD). The feeding trial lasted for six weeks and feed and water were given ad libtum. Data were collected on initial weight, feed intakes and body weight changes. The result obtained at starter phase indicated significant (P<0.001) differences on all the productive performance parameters which include 218.25-364.45g final weight, 141.58-277.45g total weight gain, 6.74-13.21g daily weight gain, 2.19-3.98 feed conversion ratio and 0.25-0.46 feed efficiency) except on initial weight (76.67-87.00) and daily feed intake (24.76-28.90) were no significant difference was observed. The result at finisher phase further showed that, except on daily feed intake (82.54-110.66g) where no significant (P>0.05) difference was observed, a significant (P<0.001) difference was observed at fourth week (218.25-364.45g) and final (608.801278.10g) weights. Significant differences were found on total and daily weight gains, feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency with their values ranging between 390.55-913.65, 18.6043.51, 2.54-4.44 and 0.23-0.39 respectively. Overall phase followed similar trend as in starter phase where all the productive performance parameters were highly (P<0.001) significant with values ranging from 608.80-1278.10 (final weight), 532.13-1191.10 (total weight gain), 12.6728.36g (daily weight gain), 2.19-3.98 (feed conversion ratio) and 0.23-0.41 (feed efficiency) except on initial weight (76.67-87.00) and daily feed intake (53.66-69.78). However, the best value of feed conversion ratio was recorded on diet T1 (2.46), followed by diet T2 (3.01) while diet T3, T4 and T5 were statistically similar. It was concluded that SPPM can replace maize at 25% level in the diets of broiler chickens at both starter and finisher phase without affecting growth performance and is recommended for broiler chickens production in the study area.
ASSESMENT OF SULPHUR IN RELATION TO SELECTED PROPERTIES IN SOILS OF ILORIN EAST LOCAL GOVERNMENT, KWARA STATE
Authors: Abdulrasak*, Y. L.  , Ambali, M. I.  , Raji, B. A.  , Dunmoye, A. Y.  , Ebosele, E. O.  , Abdullahi, O. M.
Published: October 2024

A study was conducted on the sulphur content and its relationship with some selected soil properties at Ilorin East Local Government, Kwara State in 2021. An analysis of twenty samples each from two depths (0 - 15 cm and 15 – 30 cm) of soil on the study site was conducted to determine selected physical and chemical properties, total and available sulphur content. Results showed that the total sulphur content ranges from 1.15 to 37.25 mgkg-1, the available sulphur content (HCL) ranges from 0.04 to 2.5 mgkg-1 and the available sulphur content (EDTA extracted) ranges from 0.1 to 4.5 mgkg-1. There were positive correlations observed between the different forms of sulphur within the soils, although total sulphur showed a negative correlation to available suphur (HCL) in the surface soils. All the forms of sulphur showed a negative correlation with organic carbon content and pH. Sodium, calcium, and potassium correlated positively with different forms of sulphur. It was observed that, sulphur content of the soils of Ilorin East Local Government Area were generally deficient. The top layer of the soils was low in sulphur content. Equilibrium between the different forms of sulphur present in the soil was also observed.
SOIL FERTILITY EVALUATION UNDER DIFFERENT LAND USE TYPE IN IKORODU, LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Abdulrasak*, Y. L.  , Sanni, K. O.  , Oduntan, A. O.  , Ambali, M. I.  , Dunmoye, A. Y.  , Ebosele, E. O.
Published: October 2024

The study was conducted to assess the fertility status and nutrient index of the soils under two land use types (oil palm plantation and cassava farmland) in Ikorodu, Lagos State in 2024. Reconnaissance Survey of two land use types was carried out and samples were collected using systematic random sampling from each slope position at 0-20 and 20-40 cm depths. The samples were analysed to determine selected physical and chemical properties. Results indicated that the fertility status of soils under two land use types were medium to high, with high organic carbon contents and slightly acidic pH. The available phosphorus and potassium content were also high within both soils. The soils generally possessed high sand content with sandy loam and loamy sand texture. The results also shows that there is potential for improvement in soil fertility condition. As a result, manure application, balanced fertiliser usage, suitable cultivation techniques, and nutrient management are necessary to improve soil fertility and achieve optimal crop production levels.
EFFECTS OF COVID19 ON FOOD SECURITY IN WESTERN AGRICULTURAL ZONE OF BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Bello, I. S.  , Abdullahi, S.  , Bala, A. H.
Published: October 2024

The study examined the effects of Covid-19 on food security in Western Zone of Bauchi State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technic was employed in selecting 200 respondents for the study. Data were obtained using structured questionnaires and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The result reveals that majority (79.5%, 77.5% and 73%) of the respondents were primarily farmers, non-members of cooperatives and agree that covid19 affects household food security, respectively. The findings also shows that majority (75%, 69% and 60.5%) of the respondents were male, married and had no access to extension contact. The mean age and household size of the respondents were 42 years and 8 person respectively. The result also show that the mean farm size, income and years’ experience of the respondents were 2.1ha, ₦319,725 and 7 years, respectively. The findings also reveals that socioeconomic factors such as marital status, educational level and occupation were significant (P<0.01 and P<0.05) in influencing food insecurity among farming households. The results further reveals that fear of disease contraction, high cost of transportation and bias in palliative distribution were the major constraints to food security and were ranked 1st, 2nd and 3rd, respectively. The study concludes that marital status, educational level and occupation were the factors influencing food insecurity. Based on the findings the study recommends that farming household should obey medical instructions to avoid disease contraction, farmers should form cooperative in order to ease cost of transportations and government should involve farmers’ cooperatives in palliatives distribution.
RESPONSE OF GARDEN EGG (Solanum melongena) TO TWO METHOD OF N.P.K APPLICATION
Authors: Aderemi, F. T.  , Aderemi, A. M.  , Aluko, A. K.  , Elesho, R. O.  , Roberts, E. A.  , Majekodunmi, O. A.
Published: October 2024

The experiment was carried out at the Horticultural garden, Federal College of Forestry, Ibadan to study response of garden egg to two methods of NPK application during the rainy season of 2022.The treatment consist of two application methods (foliar and side placement) of fertilizer. Foliar method of application consists of four treatments (which were T1 (1ml/l), T2 (2ml/1), T3 (3ml/) and T4 (4ml/1), while the side placement application also consist of four treatments (which were T5 (100kg/ha), T6 (120kg/ha), T7 (140kg/ha) and T8 (160kg/ha) and a control. These were replicated 4 times and laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Parameters assessed were plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, number of fruits, number of days to first flower and weight at harvest. The growth parameters were assessed weekly for 9 weeks while the experiment was terminated at harvest (11weeks). Data collected were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The result of study showed that 140 kg NPK/ha had the highest mean plant height of 49.97cm while control recorded the lowest value of 18.77cm. In terms of stem diameter and number of leaves 160 kg/ha had the highest values. There were significant differences observed among the treatments in the growth parameters. 4 ml/L recorded the lowest number of days first to flower while 160 kg/ha had the heaviest fruits (1279.0g) at harvest. It can therefore be recommended that T8 (160kg/ha) side placement method and a little above T4 around 5ml/l foliar method of fertilizer application should be used for the production of Garden egg in the study area.
Analysis of the practical implementation of law on the prevention of domestic violence by competent authorities in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Marković Saša
Published: October 2024

The paper focuses on the analysis of the practical application of the Law on the Prevention of Domestic Violence which prescribes a proactive way of work of competent authorities. Research results have been presented, encompassing registered events with elements of domestic violence in the Republic of Serbia in the 2018 - 2023 period, as well as the measures taken by the competent authorities (police, public prosecutor's office, and court) in order to prevent domestic violence and protect victims. A comprehensive analysis of the practical implementation of the law was made, where the data related to statistical regions in the Republic of Serbia were compared in order to establish the effects of the law implementation in each part of the country. The research results showed that the work of competent authorities needs to be standardized in the future as there were significant differences in the manner of operation. The problems encountered in the practical implementation of certain legal provisions were considered and certain recommendations were given. The work of coordination and cooperation groups formed in 63 areas throughout Serbia, whose primary task is to take timely and effective measures aimed at protecting victims, defined by the individual victim protection plan, following a high-quality comprehensive risk assessment regarding the possibility of recurrence of violence and the occurrence of the gravest consequences for the victim. The author concludes that the implementation of the pre-crime concept in this area and targeting potential perpetrators prior to commission of the criminal offence, regardless of whether the offence would ever be committed, renders certain positive effects which are mostly reflected in the decrease in the number of the most serious forms of domestic violence which result in the loss of a family member's life, especially those affecting female victims of violence, who are the most threatened by this type of crime. Achieving this goal was one of the reasons for passing the law under review.
The right to strike as a collective right of employees
Authors: Škorić Sanja , Čičovački Tamara
Published: October 2024

Collective labor law, among other things, also includes instruments for solving collective labor disputes, such as: mediation, arbitration and strike as a last resort to fulfill the demands of employees. As one of the instruments for solving collective labor disputes, a strike is a collective interruption of the work of employees, which is organized with the aim of exerting economic or other forms of pressure on the employer, employers' association or the state, due to the violation or threat of the collective labor rights and interests of employees. At the same time, the strike is considered one of the strongest, most applicable and most effective means of labor struggle, which has been used for centuries in order to protect the rights, professional and economic interests of employees. As a rule, a strike, as a means of labor struggle, can only be used if all available possibilities for the peaceful settlement of labor disputes have been exhausted. The right to strike is guaranteed by numerous international acts, such as the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights from 1966, the International Charter on Social Guarantees from 1948 and the European Social Charter from 1961. When we talk about the right to strike within the national legislation, it is guaranteed by the Constitution of the Republic of Serbia, while it is regulated in more detail by law.
Legal consequences of opening the bankruptcy proceedings on the bankruptcy debtor
Authors: Kozar Vladimir , Maraš Ivana
Published: October 2024

The paper analyzes legal provisions, the standpoints of court practice, as well as opinions of jurisprudence regarding the legal consequences of opening bankruptcy proceedings on the status of the bankruptcy debtor. Special attention was paid to the transfer of rights and obligations to the bankruptcy manager as the most important consequence of opening bankruptcy proceedings on bankruptcy debtor. It was pointed out that the representation and management function are merging in the person of the bankruptcy manager. It was pointed out the importance of terminating previously acquired contractual and legal preemptive rights, as a legal consequence of opening bankruptcy proceedings, and thus avoiding a collision with the legal preemptive right of the secured creditor on the subject of separate or pledge right. Problems related to the termination of the legal pre-emptive right on the subject of restitution in case of bankruptcy of the endowment, then the pre-emptive right on cultural goods, as well as the termination of the legal pre-emptive right in a multi-shareholder limited liability company were analyzed. Issues related to the issuance of an inheritance statement if the bankruptcy debtor acquired the inheritance after the opening of bankruptcy proceedings on the basis of a will are explained.
180 years since the enacted of the Serbian Civil Code: Possession then and now
Authors: Stefanović Nenad , Milojević Goran
Published: October 2024

The year 2024 will be remembered for one jubilee. 180 years ago, on March 25, 1844 (according to the old calendar), a code was passed that will be remembered as the most significant code from this area in the field of civil law - the Serbian Civil Code (Civil Code for the Principality of Serbia). Much has been written about its importance and influence on civil law institutes. A large number of these institutes were introduced with this code for the first time and began to be applied in the territory of today's Central Serbia, given that the Austrian Civil Code (ACC) from year 1811 was applied in the territory of Vojvodina, which was then part of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. AGZ was also a role model for Jovan Hadžić during the writing of the Serbian Civil Code, but also the starting point for the reception of legal institutes of Roman law. The eternally disputed institution of the possession is regulated by this code in chapter II of section II entitled "On real rights" and has been causing conflicting views and opinions for many decades. From terminological disputes, whether it is "hold" or "possession", through an insufficiently precise definition of "as a factual authority over things recognized by law," all the way to the possession as an institution that is not a law, but can become a law, the possession is the goal of research in this paper. Using the historical, analytical and comparative method, the authors will try to explain the chronology of the adoption of the Serbian Civil Code and comparatively show the institution of the possession, pointing out its importance then and now, 180 years after its introduction into the legal system of Serbia.
Types of compensation for non-pecuniary damage in the function of human dignity protection
Authors: Despotović Danijela , Rašević Živorad
Published: October 2024

Compensation for non-pecuniary damage has long been a contentious issue in legal doctrine and judicial practice. Before delving into the specific types of nonpecuniary damage and compensation for these types, the authors will briefly outline its essence, definition, content, legal nature, purpose, and the core of awarding compensation for non-pecuniary damage. A correct understanding of these concepts in the context of constitutional guarantees of human dignity, enables lawful judicial decision-making for non-pecuniary damage. The essay will provide a concise overview of non-pecuniary damage recognized in previous case law in the Serbian legal system, provisions of the Law on Obligations, and the principles of civil law.
Evidential importance of expertise in civil proceedings: Application of findings and opinions of experts in theory and practice
Authors: Stanković Marko , Lukavac Sanja
Published: October 2024

Expert opinion is one of the most reliable means of evidence used in civil proceedings. Expert testimony, as one of the pieces of evidence, along with documents, provides the court with confidence in making a substantive decision. In a large number of cases, the above-mentioned pieces of evidence are applied in civil proceedings, and the court relies on them when verifying disputed facts. Besides expert testimony and documents, on-site inspections are also used as one of the more reliable pieces of evidence, while witnesses and the parties involved are considered less reliable pieces of evidence in civil proceedings. Is the finding and opinion of an expert witness an indisputable means of evidence on which the court bases its decision? Does the finding and opinion of an expert witness decide the outcome of a lawsuit? The proposal to present evidence through expert testimony is made by the party, which also proposes the expert's identity and defines the scope of the expertise. Given that this party finances it, how objective is the expertise and can the opposing party interpret the finding and opinion without engaging an expert of the same professional background? In practice, there are situations where the court unreservedly accepts the finding and opinion of the expert witness, disregarding other presented evidence. This paper will present the institution of expert witnessing through theory, as well as its application in practice.
Gender equality at European and Serbian law: Labour law significance
Authors: Gligorić Slađana
Published: October 2024

In the light of the expansion of the protection of human rights from civil and political to economic, social and cultural rights, in the last century initially it intensified in Anglo-Saxon law, primarily through social movements and later through the norming of ideas about the prohibition of discrimination and the empowerment of women, and consequently, legal protection, the concept of gender equality. Although initially, due to the unequal position of women in society, the family and in the field of work and employment, it is presented as a struggle for the protection and strengthening of the so-called "women's rights", it essentially means and implies the equality of members of both sexes. Simultaneously with the development of the concept of gender equality, there is a gradual expansion of legal protection, along with changes in relationships in the family, in such a way that women become active in the labour market, and now, the previous role that was primarily related to taking care of home and family, adds a new, labour law one, which, viewed from a public policy and legal point od view, imposes and opens the problem of increasingly difficult reconciliation of professional and private life, which becomes a special challenge for labour law theory, legislation and practice. In recent decades, we have received the concept of a dual breadwinner model, where both adult members of the traditional family, work in order to ensure the material existence of the family. By applying the normative and historical method in this article, we will try to determine how the gender equality concept has brought changes in the field of labour and labour relations in European law, with reference to the regulations in the Republic of Serbia. In this connection, the question of the justification of the obligations for employers is raised as a challenge, in the public and private sector, in terms of established administrative and technical reporting requirements, especially from the aspect of real need with such scope of norming.
Geopolitics and maritime terrorism: Challenges and the legal complexities in the Red Sea
Authors: Sotiropoulos Leonidas
Published: October 2024

This research paper critically examines the legal complexities and implications arising from the Houthi's actions in the Red Sea, with a particular focus on the application and potential limitations of international public law and the law of the sea. Drawing on a comprehensive literature review, expert interviews, and analysis of case studies, the study adopts a multidisciplinary approach to explore the various classifications of attacks on international vessels in the Red Sea and Persian Gulf. It considers whether these actions constitute acts of guerrilla warfare, maritime terrorism, or outright acts of war, and examines the resulting legal implications. The paper also analyses the Houthi rebels' interference with shipping destined for Israel, and the potential role of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea in addressing such disputes. It explores the scenario of a potential escalation of conflict, where the sinking of a US destroyer by Houthi forces could trigger a broader military confrontation with consequences for global trade and energy supplies. Additionally, the research examines the geopolitical complexities surrounding the multinational coalition, Operation Prosperity Guardian, aimed at safeguarding navigation in the Red Sea, and the reluctance of some coalition members to fully commit. It highlights the distinct impact of maritime terrorism, as opposed to traditional piracy, on global supply chains, and the disruptions caused by the reluctance of shipping companies to utilise the Red Sea passage. In conclusion, the paper discusses measures available to the United Nations and governments to address the challenges posed by congested maritime chokepoints, emphasising the need for collaborative efforts, supply chain diversification, and adaptive strategies to maintain the resilience of international trade and commerce.
Analysis of the criminal offense of computer fraud in the legislation of the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Čordarov Teodora
Published: October 2024

One of the common phenomenological forms of financial crime, which dimensions have become worrying in the modern world, is the crime of computer fraud. The development of information and communication technologies, accompanied by increasingly frequent transactions in cyberspace, has led to numerous benefits in all spheres of business and social life, but also to numerous opportunities for their abuse. These changes, in addition to numerous advantages and benefits in business, have also brought a series of challenges related to the emergence of computer crime and its various forms, threats, risks and consequences. One of them is computer fraud, which is prescribed by the Criminal Code of the Republic of Serbia and which includes various ways of manipulating computer data and computer systems with the intention of obtaining illegal property benefits for oneself or others. Taking into account the aforementioned legal provision, it is evident that there is a very diverse phenomenological framework for the execution of computer fraud in practice. Therefore, the subject of this research paper will be the analysis of this criminal offense in the legislation of the Republic of Serbia as well as the relevant case studies.
Negligent treatment and criminal liability with reference to Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Pirić Adnan , Šipovac Vladimir
Published: October 2024

Human activity is subject to error. A mistake committed in a way that indicates a deviation from the rules of the medical profession, science and ethics, in cases where there is an obvious lack of caution and professionalism and due diligence, constitutes a criminal offense. Prosecution of health care workers for criminal offenses committed by negligent treatment in Bosnia and Herzegovina is not a frequent occurrence, although there are no officially relevant statistical data on this. However, if we follow European and world trends, it is reasonable to expect an increased number of reports, investigations and indictments against healthcare workers. This paper analyzes the characteristics of certain criminal acts committed by negligent treatment, i.e. the basic elements of those acts, the form of culpability, criminal procedural aspects of proving negligent treatment or medical errors. The purpose and goal of the work is to point out the importance of criminal procedural measures and actions when proving a cause-and-effect relationship between a medical error, negligent treatment, worsening health condition or death of a patient. In connection with the above, the intention is to eliminate certain dilemmas that often arise in practice when it comes to the act of committing these criminal acts.
Phenomenology of the hybridization of law in the digital society
Authors: Vasić Milica , Petrović Maja
Published: October 2024

The phenomenology of hybridization is becoming increasingly relevant in the era of globalization and the affirmation of Industry 4.0, which conceptualizes rapid technological changes, innovations in production processes, as well as changes in organizational structures and business models. Hybridization of law leads to legal plurality, where multiple legal systems, principles, or approaches coexist and operate within the same social space. This can result in a complex legal landscape where different legal norms and practices need to be harmonized. The subject of this research is the phenomenological analysis of the hybridization of law in the context of the digital society, characterized by rapid technological changes and variable market demands within the framework of Industry 4.0. The primary aim of this paper is to understand how different legal systems merge and integrate in the digital society, and the consequences such hybridization has on legal practice, legal certainty, and social cohesion. Through the role of digital technologies in contemporary legal frameworks, the paper highlights the complexity and multilayered nature of hybridized legal structures. The author primarily aims, through this paper, to enhance the understanding of the process of legal hybridization and to offer guidelines for developing regulations capable of adequately responding to the challenges and opportunities of the digital society. The research task is to identify and understand the mechanisms through which legal systems hybridize and function together within a shared legal space. The final observations highlight the need for critical reexamination of traditional legal categories and open up possibilities for the development of new theoretical and practical approaches in legal science and practice, in order to adequately respond to the challenges of legal hybridization in the digital society.
Drug-induced thrombocytopenia
Authors: Suvajdžić-Vuković Nada , Cvetković Mirjana
Published: October 2024

Drugs could cause thrombocytopenia, mostly in hospitalized patients. The incidence of this adverse reaction to medicines is around 10/1,000,000 inhabitants/ year. Depending on the pathophysiological mechanism, drug-induced thrombocytopenia can be classified into immune and non-immune. Drugs such as cytostatics, linezolid, ganciclovir, valacyclovir, aspirin, and vancomycin can induce a non-immune form of thrombocytopenia. They achieve this by exerting direct cytotoxic effects on megakaryocytes and platelets, or through proapoptotic mechanisms that affect platelets. On the other hand, the immune form is caused by drug-specific antibodies, which, in the presence of the drug or its metabolite, bind to platelet antigens, leading to accelerated destruction of platelets. Apart from this classic form of drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia (DITP), which is characterized by the acute onset of severe thrombocytopenia (nadir platelet counts < 20 x 109 /L) and bleeding, special forms such as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), thrombocytopenia caused by the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors, and vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) are identified. HIT is the most common DITP in which nadir platelet count is usually around 60x109 /L and the clinical presentation is dominated by thrombosis (venous and less often arterial). Conversely, VITT is characterized by the onset of thrombosis and thrombocytopenia between 4 and 30 days after the administration of adenoviral vector vaccines. The mortality in this form of LITP ranges between 25% and 60%.
Clinical characteristics and survival outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia patients: Single center experience
Authors: Virijević Marijana , Pravdić Zlatko , Cvetković Mirjana , Trajković Lazar , Pantić Nikola , Sabljić Nikica , Rajić Jovan , Milošević Violeta , Jaković Ljubomir , Bogdanović Andrija , Kraguljac-Kurtović Nada , Jovanović Jelica , Đorđević Vesna , Todorović-Balint Milena , Vidović Ana , Suvajdžić-Vuković Nada , Mitrović Mirjana
Published: October 2024

Introduction/Aim: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease, in terms of its biological characteristics and response to therapy. Numerous prognostic factors at diagnosis related to the disease itself, the treatment, and the response to treatment influence the outcome of AML. Despite the high rate of complete remission, overall survival (OS) is still poor. This study aims to determine the clinical and biological profile of patients with AML and its prognostic impact on the OS rate and disease-free survival (DFS). Materials and methods: The retrospective analysis included 271 patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia at the University Clinical Center of Serbia (UCCS) Hematology Clinic, between January 2018 and January 2023. Demographic parameters, the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS), comorbidities, and the parameters of laboratory analysis and hematological diagnosis of AML were analyzed as potential risk factors for OS and DFS, using the univariate Cox regression model. Results: Out of a total of 271 patients, 206 (76%) were treated with intensive chemotherapy, of whom 108 were men and 98 were women. The average age of these respondents was 50.3 years. According to the European Leukemia Network (ELN) risk classification, the patients were mostly in the group with intermediate risk, i.e. 128 (62.1%) patients. The most common subtype of AML was AML NOS (AML not otherwise specified), present in 123 (59.7%) patients. Univariate analysis showed that age ≥ 60 years (p = 0.009) and WBC ≥ 30 x 109 /l (p = 0.031) were unfavorable prognostic parameters for OS. AML subtype, MRC (myelodysplasia-related changes) was the most significant risk factor for shorter disease-free survival (p = 0.027). Conclusion: In the analyzed group of AML patients treated with intensive therapy, we demonstrated a low OS rate and showed that age and the MRC subtype of AML represent unfavorable risk factors for shorter OS and DFS, respectively.