bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seagrass Halodule wrightii as a new habitat for the amphioxus Branchiostoma californiense (Cephalochordata, Branchiostomidae) in the southern Gulf of California, Mexico
Authors: Campos-Dávila Lucía , Pérez-Estrada Claudia J. , Rodríguez-Estrella Ricardo , Morales-Bojórquez Enrique , Brun-Murillo Fernando G. , Balart Eduardo F.
Published: August 2019

The first record of the amphioxusBranchiostoma californienseon seagrass patches ofHalodule wrightiiin the Gulf of California is reported. Sixty individuals (19 males, 18 females, and 23 undifferentiated) were collected in May 2017 at Bahía Balandra, Gulf of California, from subtidal seagrass patches at a depth of 0.5 m at low tide. The length and weight ranged from 15.88–28.44 mm and from 0.01–0.11 g for females and 11.7–27.9 mm and 0.01–0.09 g for males, respectively. The minimum size of sexually mature individuals was 11.70 mm for males and 15.88 mm for females; 62% of the specimens were sexually mature. Analysis of the total length-weight relationship suggested an allometric growth pattern among females, males and undifferentiated individuals, whereas an analysis of the entire sample suggested an isometric growth pattern. Typical and additional morphological characters were used to identify the amphioxi. High morphological variability between individuals was found, suggesting the presence of several morphotypes.Branchiostoma californiensehad been previously reported as exclusively associated with bare sandy areas, but our study shows that this species can also be found in seagrass patches, using them as breeding and feeding grounds. Thus, seagrass patches are evidenced as suitable habitats for amphioxus.
Frankliniella species from China, with nomenclatural changes and illustrated key (Thysanoptera, Thripidae)
Authors: Wang Zhaohong , Mound Laurence , Tong Xiaoli
Published: August 2019

Species of the genus Frankliniella are almost all originally from the New World. Although eleven species in this genus have been listed from China before, only seven species here are recognised. The records of F. pallida and F. tritici from China are rejected as inadequately supported, F. hainanensis is a new synonym of F. schultzei, and F. zizaniophila is now considered a member of the genus Iridothrips. An identification key for the seven species is provided here, two of them are widespread across the Palearctic (F. intonsa and F. tenuicornis), one is presumably Oriental (F. lilivora), and four are introduced from the Americas (F. occidentalis, F. schultzei, F. cephalica and F. williamsi).
Measuring the Value of Academic Nurse Educator Certification: Perceptions of Administrators and Educators
Authors: Poindexter Kathleen , Lindell Deborah , Hagler Debra
Published: August 2019

Background:

Certification is one option for validating the professional competence of academic nurse educators. The relative value associated with such certification has not yet been established.

Method:

Psychometric analysis of a new Perceived Value of Certification Tool for Academic Nurse Educators (PVCT-ANE) was conducted. Certified nurse educators (CNE) and noncertified nurse educators and nursing program administrators responded to an online survey using the PVCT-ANE.

Results:

A sample of 718 nurse faculty members and administrators from 48 states in the United States participated. Academic nurse educator certification was valued by nurse educators and administrators as representing specialized knowledge, attainment of a professional standard, educator competence, and professional credibility. Value statements associated with satisfaction and professional accomplishments were rated higher than statements associated with professional recognition and marketing.

Conclusion:

The PVCT-ANE is useful for assessing how different groups perceive the value associated with academic nurse educator certification.

[
J Nurs Educ.
2019;58(9):502–509.]
Longitudinal Analysis of Postlicensure Student Competency Perceptions
Authors: Northrup-Snyder Kathlynn , Menkens Renee' , Stoyles Sydnee
Published: August 2019

Background:

A longitudinal evaluation of the final year of the Oregon Consortium of Nursing Education (OCNE) curriculum was undertaken to explore students' perception of competency and benchmark proficiency.

Method:

A retrospective, longitudinal mixed-methods study of postlicensure students was tracked from the initial Transition course to the final Capstone course to evaluate levels of attainment. Researchers used previously developed language categories of attainment for each benchmark to determine perceived competence.

Results:

Researcher analysis tested the narrative language of attainment levels using prior developed themes. Researchers coded student attainment levels in the Capstone course compared with the initial Transition course, with higher confidence for Competencies for Relationship-Centered Care and Clinical Judgment and lower confidence for Leadership and Population Care Competencies.

Conclusion:

This analysis provided a deeper understanding of RN-to-baccalaureate student confidence toward attaining 10 OCNE competencies, supporting the continued development of a curriculum to address areas of low perceived competence. Tracking these competencies may strengthen accreditation processes.

[
J Nurs Educ.
2019;58(9):510–518.]
African American and Latinx Adolescents' Perspectives of Nursing as a Career Choice
Authors: McGee Jerrihlyn , Stephenson Erin , Teel Cynthia , Moore W. Todd , Peltzer Jill
Published: August 2019

Background:

Ensuring a diverse nursing workforce that closely represents the diversity of the population is imperative for culturally competent and equitable care. To accomplish this, purposeful and strategic programs need to be integrated into secondary education. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to explore the perceptions and attitudes about the nursing profession among African American and Latinx adolescents.

Method:

Four focus group sessions were conducted, and content analysis of the focus group narratives was completed.

Results:

The majority of the 33 participants were female and 57% were Latinx. The three themes are Nursing Is a Caring Profession But…; Formation of Ideas About Nursing Often Come From Family, Friends, and the Media; and Deterrents to Pursuing Nursing.

Conclusion:

To decrease health disparities, nursing must address its lack of diversity. Based on these findings, our school of nursing has implemented a summer program for adolescents.

[
J Nurs Educ.
2019;58(9):519–524.]
Load Management Using Swarm Intelligence
Authors: Dzobo Oliver , Sun Yanxia
Published: August 2019

This chapter presents a generalized day-ahead combined dynamic economic emission dispatch (DEED) problem incorporating demand response (DR) strategy for power system networks with mutual communication between electricity customers and power utility. A nonconvex mixed binary integer programming technique is used to solve the demand response optimization problem. Fixed and flexible home appliances connected as load to the power system network are considered in the demand response strategy. The optimization of the DEED problem is done using particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique. The proposed PSO algorithm takes into account thermal power generation unit ramp rates and their power generation constraints.
Probabilistic Power System Reliability Assessment
Authors: Dzobo Oliver , Awodele Kehinde O.
Published: August 2019

This chapter presents the different dynamics in power system reliability as a result of the intrinsic behavior of distributed renewable energy sources. The output power of distributed renewable energy sources depends on the amount of available respective resource at any given time. This output power generally experiences fluctuations when compared with the output of conventional power generation units. The phenomenon is not usually included in traditional reliability worth evaluation methods for power system networks with distributed generation. In this chapter, a reliability worth evaluation model for power system networks with time-dependent distributed renewable generation resources is presented and analyzed. Time sequential Monte Carlo simulation technique is used, and the operational efficiency of the distributed generation unit is measured using the primary reliability worth index, ECOST. The derived index is fitted to a beta distribution function to show the inherent skewness of the supply reliability worth index.
Korean Immigrant Parents' Involvement in Children's Biliteracy Development in the U.S. Context
Authors: Cho Hyesun , Song Kwangok , Lee Ji-Yeon
Published: August 2019

Drawing on the experiences of Korean immigrant families in the United States, this chapter highlights the importance of parental involvement in the bilingual literacy development of young English language learners. Findings of two projects on Korean parents' engagement in Korean and English language development at home are presented. These findings yield several insights into Korean immigrant parents' perspectives of and experiences in supporting their children's biliteracy development. This chapter suggests not only the importance of parental role but also the teachers' role in bilingual literacy development among young children. Suggestions for educators to support immigrant families to enhance their children's biliteracy learning are provided.
New Tools, Gadgets, and Devices in Libraries
Authors: Adewuyi Kayode Wale
Published: August 2019

The internet explosions, proliferation of online resources, and the advent of free and open access resources in the last two decades provided the much-needed impetus for libraries to inject new energy into providing quality delivery of its services. More and more applications and databases are being provided to the libraries as mobile products. This chapter summarizes, to some extent and expatiate to a large extent, the various new tools, devices, and gadgets operational and adaptable to various aspects of librarianship. After an exploration of how these devices and tools work, and the different types, the author provided a comparison of current popular products, followed by a look at some of the new tools, gadgets and devices that we have available (to and around us). With the awareness that we are in the midst of an ongoing information revolution, the internet and personal computing have tremendous potential to transform library services. All tools, devices, and gadgets will be analyzed with an eye towards the future, cost-effectiveness, performance, and functionality.
Impact of Social Media Usage on Information Retrieval Among Undergraduate Students in Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Ilorin
Authors: Akinboro Evelyn Olakitan , Olayinka Taylor Morenikeji
Published: August 2019

The chapter examined the impact of social media on information retrieval among undergraduate students in Faculty of Management Science, University of Ilorin. It determined the social media network that undergraduate students are more exposed to for retrieving information, identifying the differences in undergraduate students' usage of social media network for information retrieval based on gender and age brackets, exploring preference for social media compared to other sources of information retrieval system available for students, exploring the types of information retrieved from social media network, and identifying the challenges faced by undergraduates in the use of social media networks. The population of the study was comprised of 3,634 students out of which a sample of 360 was chosen through stratified random technique. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect data. Five research questions were developed and answered by the study. The findings revealed that undergraduate students' exposure to social media is very high.
Effects of the Monetisation Policy on employee performance in the Nigerian civil service
Authors: Ukwandu Damian C. , Onyema Chiemeka
Published: August 2019

Background: This article examined the enormous financial burden placed on the Federal Government of Nigeria by the management and maintenance of its civil servants. The cost of governance in Nigeria continues to rise mainly because of the provision of fringe benefits (such as free residential accommodation, medical services, transport facilities and utilities, including telephone service, water and electricity) to public servants. Yet, public employees’ performance continues to decline, which leads to low levels of human and physical infrastructure development.Aim: This article examines the effects of the rising cost of governance in Nigeria and how to enhance employee performance. The article interrogates the effects of the monetisation of fringe benefits policy (the Monetisation Policy) of the Obasanjo Administration (2003–2007).Setting: The study was conducted in the Federal Civil Service Secretariat in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.Methods: This article is anchored in social exchange theory. The study participants comprised 1007 federal civil servants selected from 32 federal establishments. The participants were selected using the total population sampling technique. A structured questionnaire with a reliability coefficient estimate of 0.742 was used to generate the data for the study. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) aided the presentation and analysis of data relating to the research objectives using frequency distribution tables and testing research hypotheses with chi-square statistics and Pearson’s product–moment correlation statistic.Results: The findings revealed that the Monetisation Policy has helped to enhance employee payment packages. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between high monetised benefits and high employee performance. The study found that the Monetisation Policy has had positive effects on employee performance in the federal civil service in Imo State.Conclusion: This study concludes that the Monetisation Policy has helped to enhance employee motivation and morale, and to reduce employee work-related stress, which are vital indicators of work efficiency. These factors do not only affect the contextual performance of the civil servants, but also predispose their task performance. The researchers recommend that the Monetisation Policy should be sustained. It is also recommended that the government should introduce other measures aimed at enhancing the motivation of employees who receive lower monetised benefits so as to further improve the overall performance of the Nigerian civil service.
Blaise Pascal (1623-1662), um humano: recorte biográfico e proposta para a formação docente
Authors: Queiroz Daniel De Medeiros , Hidalgo Juliana Mesquita
Published: August 2019

Desde as últimas décadas do século XX, tem-se enfatizado a importância da inserção da História da Ciência na educação científica. Em paralelo, dificuldades de natureza historiográfica quanto à compreensão do que é História da Ciência e sua escrita são considerados fatores limitantes para tal inserção. Estão ainda presentes na educação científica histórias essencialmente laudatórias, anacrônicas, que se destinam a apresentar “heróis” da ciência e a estabelecer a paternidade das descobertas científicas. A estas nos contrapondo, construímos um brevíssimo recorte biográfico de Blaise Pascal (1623-1662) para a formação docente. Sendo contrários a uma descrição cumulativa e linear de início, meio e fins cronológico e teleológico que outrora caracterizou o gênero biográfico tanto na História quanto na História da Ciência, (re)interpretamos um passado com articulações entre a vida do biografado e seus contextos – indivíduo e sociedade em dialética –, diante da irresolúvel tensão entre um ser representativo e um ser único. Esse recorte possibilita trazer a licenciandos em Física a compreensão de elementos da historiografia da ciência, ao passo em que permite “humanizar” Pascal sob a égide da École des Annales e de sua perspectiva de história-problema, dando margem a discussões de viés filosófico. Este artigo apresenta o recorte biográfico de Blaise Pascal, bem como sugere a sua socialização em uma proposta de sequência didática para a formação de professores de física.
As referências de François Dubet nos periódicos científicos de Educação Física: limites e continuidades
Authors: Bungenstab Gabriel Carvalho
Published: August 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é mapear a presença do sociólogo François Dubet na produção científica do campo da Educação Física (EF) e analisar de que maneira suas contribuições teóricas aparecem na área. Dubet é um sociólogo francês referência no mundo acadêmico atual. Este texto apresenta a descrição que Dubet faz sobre a “sociologia da experiência” e da escola democrática contemporânea, demonstrando uma possível desinstitucionalização deste espaço. O artigo se ocupará por realizar um levantamento bibliográfico nos principais periódicos da EF a fim de analisar aqueles artigos que referenciaram Dubet. Aponta, ainda, que há pouco diálogo entre a EF e o sociólogo francês, contudo, o campo parece iniciar uma aproximação crítica com as teorias de Dubet.
Formação de professores universitários na pós-graduação stricto sensu em Educação Física no Brasil: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Teixeira Fabiane Castilho , Broch Caroline , Kravchychyn Claudio , Barbosa-Rinaldi Ieda Parra
Published: August 2019

O objetivo do artigo foi investigar como tem se configurado a formação de professores universitários nos programas brasileiros de pós-graduação stricto sensu em Educação Física. Recorremos à revisão sistemática de literatura para verificar as produções científicas que tratam do assunto. Realizamos a busca nas bases de dados Lilacs, Scielo, Web of Science e Sport InformationResource Centre (SportDiscus). A amostra final contou com quatro artigos científicos. A análise descritiva e o método de análise de conteúdo subsidiaram o tratamento dos dados. O estudo confirmou a incipiência de pesquisas na área que analisam a formação do professor universitário. As publicações destacam os reflexos positivos da formação para a docência na pós-graduação, bem como apontam as fragilidades na oferta dessa formação. Constatamos uma polarização entre pesquisa e docência nos estudos selecionados. A modo de conclusão, pensamos que a aproximação dos dois elementos nessa configuração pode enriquecer esse processo formativo.
A sala de aula invertida na Educação Física escolar
Authors: Belmont Rachel Saraiva , Osborne Renata , Lemos Evelyse Dos Santos
Published: August 2019

Apesar de inúmeros trabalhos publicados sobre a metodologia Sala de Aula Invertida, há uma lacuna sobre seus efeitos na Educação Física Escolar. O objetivo desse ensaio é discutir a potencialidade da Sala de Aula Invertida como estratégia facilitadora da aprendizagem significativa de conceitos na Educação Física Escolar. Foi discutido, na perspectiva da Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa, como a metodologia pode ser empregada nas aulas tanto como estratégia de ensino quanto de avaliação da aprendizagem conceitual. Acreditamos que as metodologias ativas que utilizem tecnologias como recursos, podem auxiliar no processo de aprendizagem significativa, se forem planejadas e desenvolvidas considerando as fases do ensino, o papel da interação social na aprendizagem e os elementos que influenciam no processo educativo.
El ethos de voluntarios de colectivos de educación no formal originados desde la sociedad civil
Authors: Pasmanik Diana , Mejías Rodríguez María Jesús , Ernst Montenegro Ricardo
Published: August 2019

Reportamos los resultados de la reconstrucción del ethos de voluntarias y voluntarios que trabajan en Chile en proyectos educativos comunitarios generados desde la sociedad civil. Mayoritariamente son estudiantes universitarios de carreras de las ciencias sociales. Presumimos que la participación en un proyecto educativo y político, que exige dedicación sostenida en el tiempo, se caracterizará por un sentido ético particular, alineado con sus fines y mediando en las prácticas del voluntariado. Se recabó información mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas, analizadas cualitativamente con el empleo del método de las comparaciones constantes, realizadas en 2014, después que el país había vivido una inflexión en su trayectoria política con la elección presidencial que dio término a 20 años de gobiernos ininterrumpidos de la Concertación de Partidos por la Democracia. En 2019 volvió a entrevistarse a algunos de los mismos voluntarios. Los resultados muestran un ethos con elementos nucleares y otros que diferencian entre dos grupos, uno de voluntarios temporales y otro que integra el voluntariado en su proyecto de vida. La contingencia política no parece ejercer influencia en la conformación del ethos.
Sujetos y comunidades frente a problemas contemporáneos
Authors: Reyes Espejo María Isabel , Jiménez Vargas Felipe , González Barrientos Marcela , Cáceres Serrano Pablo
Published: August 2019

Actualmente nuestras sociedades se caracterizan por los sistemáticos y progresivos procesos de cambio que se originan desde múltiples dimensiones, generando las consecuentes transformaciones sociales del espacio social que habitan los sujetos y las comunidades de las que éstos forman parte. Este número de Psicoperspectivas reúne nueve investigaciones de temáticas libres desarrolladas en Colombia, Portugal y Chile, y abordan a su vez diferentes ámbitos de investigación: educación, salud mental, comunidades y trabajo. El principio guía es la pregunta por los sujetos y las comunidades ante los problemas contemporáneos que atraviesan nuestras sociedades: multiplicación de los ejes de desigualdad, cambios en la esfera familiar y en las relaciones de género, surgimiento de nuevas estructuras de participación y gobierno multinivel. Estos cambios transforman los cuatro grandes espacios de intervención de las políticas sociales (protección, empleo, género y exclusión); a ello se agrega las nuevas regulaciones y modalidades de trabajo ligadas a la masificación de nuevas tecnologías así como la reconfiguración de los lazos sociales y las redes de apoyo que modelan y determinan el bienestar de las personas en el espacio social.
Theoretical and Experimental Heat Transfer in Solid Propellant Rocket Engine
Authors: Vicentin Izabel Cecilia Ferreira de Souza , Marchi Carlos Henrique , Foltran Antonio Carlos , Moro Diego , Silva Nicholas Dicati Pereira da , Campos Marcos Carvalho , Araki Luciano Kiyoshi , Diógenes Alysson Nunes
Published: August 2019

Accurate determination of heat flux is an important task not only in the designing aspect, but also in the performance analysis of rocket engines. In this purpose, this work deals with the heat flux determination in a combustion chamber through the inverse method. In this approach, the transient heat flux is determined from the experimental temperature data measured at the outer sidewall of the rocket engine. In this work the physical phenomenon was modeled by the transient one-dimensional heat equation in cylindrical coordinates and the material properties of the chamber were considered constant. Furthermore, the model is solved using the inverse heat conduction problem with least squares modified by the addition of Tikhonov regularization term of zero-order. Moreover, the sensitivity coefficients were obtained by Duhamel’s theorem. Through the regularization parameter, it was able to generate acceptable results even when using data with considerable experimental errors.
Imagining Cleopatra
Authors: Arshad Yasmin
Published: August 2019

Shakespeare’s characterization of Cleopatra may dominate the collective consciousness, but he was only one of several 16th-century writers fascinated by the enigmatic queen of Egypt. Early modern conceptions of Cleopatra offer a rich, complex, and variable set of models for understanding the period’s responses to race, female sovereignty, and classical antiquity. This interdisciplinary study investigates images of Cleopatra in the early modern period and examines how her story was mediated and used – from drawing lessons from history to being a symbol of female heroism. It draws on early historiographical works, political and philosophical treatises, coterie dramatic productions, and gender, race and performance studies, as well as evidence from material culture, to consider what was known and thought about Cleopatra in the period

This book provides a new literary and cultural history of one of the world’s most contested and politically-charged iconic female figures. It combines a close reading of literary and dramatic works with historical and political contexts, paying particular attention to the three major early modern Cleopatra plays: Mary Sidney’s translation of Robert Garnier’s Marc Antoine, Samuel Daniel’s The Tragedie of Cleopatra, and Shakespeare’s Antony and Cleopatra. By examining these conflicting historical and fictional identities, Yasmin Arshad offers a diverse and ground-breaking study of Cleopatra’s ‘infinite variety’.
Clothing in 17th-Century Provincial England
Authors: Tankard Danae
Published: August 2019

Featuring detailed analyses of clothing culture in 17th-century provincial Sussex, this original study draws on previously unexploited sources to create an intimate and nuanced portrait of people and their clothes. An introductory chapter uses 17th-century literature to identify and explore contemporary ideas about clothing, the individual and society, as well as the relationship between London and the provinces and the causes and consequences of conspicuous clothing consumption.

Subsequent chapters look at the production, distribution and acquisition of clothing in Sussex and the participation of consumers in these processes; the role of London as a centre of fashionable clothing consumption and the experience of wealthier consumers in shopping there; the clothing worn by individual men, women and older children of the ‘middle’ and ‘better’ sort and the extent to which they participated in contemporary, London-driven, fashion culture. A final chapter examines the clothing worn by the poor, including vagrants, parish paupers and the ‘labouring’ poor.

With over 40 images Clothing in 17th-Century Provincial England offers a new window onto early modern experiences of clothing.
The History and Theory of Environmental Scenography
Authors: Aronson Arnold
Published: August 2019

A classic work of theatre history and criticism when first published, Arnold Aronson's formative study surveyed the phenomenon known as environmental theatre. Now updated in this richly illustrated second edition to reflect developments and practice since the 1980s, it offers readers a comprehensive study of the theatre practice which has evolved to become the dominant mode of much contemporary innovative performance.

For most audiences, particularly in the Western tradition, theatre means going to a building in which seats face a stage on which actors perform a play. But there has always been a vital alternative that came to be known as environmental theatre. Whether in folk performances, street theatre, avant-garde performance, utopian architecture, Happenings, mass spectacles, or contemporary immersive theatre, the relationship of the spectator to the performance has been one in which the audience is surrounded or immersed in a shared space, in which the multiple events may be happening simultaneously, and in which the experience of theatrical space is visceral and often kinetic. This book examines the history of this phenomenon and looks at a range of contemporary practice.

New chapters examine how the ‘transformed spaces’ of earlier work have become the interactive and immersive productions that characterize the work of companies such as Punchdrunk, dreamthinkspeak, Teatro da Vertigem, En Garde Arts, and The Industry, among others. Updated to take account of the burgeoning scholarship on the subject, The History and Theory of Environmental Scenography remains the authoritative account that illuminates present day theatre practice and its antecedents.
Supercooled Liquid Water Clouds observed and analysed at the Top of the Planetary Boundary Layer above Dome C, Antarctica
Authors: Ricaud Philippe , Del Guasta Massimo , Bazile Eric , Azouz Niramson , Lupi Angelo , Durand Pierre , Attié Jean-Luc , Veron Dana , Guidard Vincent , Grigioni Paolo
Published: August 2019

Abstract. A comprehensive analysis of the water budget over the Dome C (Concordia, Antarctica) station has been performed during the austral summer 2018–2019 as part of the Year of Polar Prediction (YOPP) international campaign. Thin (~ 100-m) supercooled liquid water (SLW) clouds have been detected and analysed using remotely sensed observations at the station (tropospheric depolarization LIDAR, microwave radiometer HAMSTRAD, net surface radiation from Baseline Surface Radiation Network, BSRN), radiosondes and using satellite observations (CALIOP/CALIPSO) combined with a specific configuration of the Numerical Weather Prediction model: ARPEGE-SH. Two case studies are used to illustrate this phenomenon. On 24 December 2018, the atmospheric planetary boundary layer (PBL) evolved following a typical diurnal variation, that is to say with a warm and dry mixing layer at local noon thicker than the cold and dry stable layer at local midnight. Our study showed that the SLW clouds were observed at Dome C within the entrainment and the capping inversion zones at the top of the PBL. ARPEGE-SH was not able to correctly estimate the ratio between liquid and solid water inside the clouds. The SLW content was always strongly underestimated in the studied cases. The lack of simulated SLW in the model impacted the net surface radiation that was 20–30 W m−2 higher in the BSRN observations than in the ARPEGE-SH calculations, mainly attributable to longwave downward surface radiation from BSRN being 50 W m−2 greater than that of ARPEGE-SH. On 20 December 2018, a warm and wet episode impacted the PBL with no clear diurnal cycle of the PBL top height. SLW cloud appearance coincided with the warm and wet event within the entrainment and capping inversion zones. The amount of liquid water measured by HAMSTRAD was ~ 20 times greater in this perturbed PBL than in the typical PBL. Since ARPEGE-SH was not able to accurately reproduce these SLW clouds, the discrepancy between the observed and calculated net surface radiation was even greater than in the typical PBL period, reaching + 50 W m−2, mainly attributable to longwave downward surface radiation from BSRN being 100 W m−2 greater than that of ARPEGE-SH. The absence of SLW clouds in NWPs over Antarctica may indicate an incorrect simulation of the radiative budget of the polar atmosphere.
Improving air quality forecasting with the assimilation of GOCI AOD retrievals during the KORUS-AQ period
Authors: Ha Soyoung , Liu Zhiquan , Sun Wei , Lee Yonghee , Chang Limseok
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The Korean Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) satellite has monitored the East Asian region in high temporal and spatial resolution every day, providing unprecedented information on air pollutants over the upstream region of the Korean peninsula for the last decade. In this study, the GOCI Aerosol optical depth (AOD), retrieved at 550 nm wavelength, is assimilated to ameliorate the analysis quality, thereby making systematic improvements on air quality forecasting in South Korea. For successful data assimilation, GOCI retrievals are carefully investigated and processed based on data characteristics. The preprocessed data are then assimilated in the three-dimensional variational data assimilation (3DVAR) technique for the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem). During the Korea-United States Air Quality (KORUS-AQ) period (May 2016), the impact of GOCI AOD on the accuracy of air quality forecasting is examined by comparing with other observations including Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) observations at the surface. Consistent with previous studies, the assimilation of surface PM2.5 concentrations alone systematically underestimates surface PM2.5 and its positive impact lasts mainly for about 6 h. When GOCI AOD retrievals are assimilated with surface PM2.5 observations, however, the negative bias is diminished and forecasts are improved up to 24 h, with the most significant contributions to the prediction of heavy pollution events over South Korea.
CAM6 simulation of mean and extreme precipitation over Asia: sensitivity to upgraded physical parameterizations and higher horizontal resolution
Authors: Lin Lei , Gettelman Andrew , Xu Yangyang , Wu Chenglai , Wang Zhili , Rosenbloom Nan , Bates Susan C. , Dong Wenjie
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The Community Atmosphere Model version 6 (CAM6), released
in 2018 as part of the Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2), is a
major upgrade over the previous CAM5 that has been used in numerous global
and regional climate studies. Since CESM2–CAM6 will participate in the
upcoming Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) and is likely to be adopted in many future studies, its simulation fidelity needs to be thoroughly examined. Here we evaluate the performance of a developmental version of the Community Atmosphere Model with parameterizations that will be used in version 6 (CAM6α), with a default 1∘ horizontal resolution (0.9∘×1.25∘,
CAM6α-1∘) and a high-resolution configuration
(approximately 0.25∘, CAM6α-0.25∘), against various observational and reanalysis datasets of precipitation
over Asia. CAM6α performance is compared with CAM5 at default
1∘ horizontal resolution (CAM5-1∘) and a
high-resolution configuration at 0.25∘ (CAM5-0.25∘). With the prognostic treatment of
precipitation processes and the new microphysics module, CAM6α is
able to better simulate climatological mean and extreme precipitation over
Asia, better capture the heaviest precipitation events, better
reproduce the diurnal cycle of precipitation rates over most of Asia, and better simulate the probability density distributions of daily precipitation over Tibet, Korea, Japan and northern China. Higher horizontal resolution in CAM6α improves the simulation of mean and extreme precipitation over northern China, but the performance degrades over the Maritime Continent. Moisture budget diagnosis suggests that the physical processes leading to model improvement are different over different regions. Both upgraded physical parameterizations and higher horizontal resolution affect the simulated precipitation response to the internal variability of the climate system (e.g., Asian monsoon variability, El Niño–Southern Oscillation – ENSO, Pacific Decadal Oscillation – PDO), but the effects vary across different regions. For example, higher horizontal resolution degrades the model performance in simulating precipitation variability over southern China associated with the East Asian summer monsoon. In contrast,
precipitation variability associated with ENSO improves with upgraded
physical parameterizations and higher horizontal resolution. CAM6α-0.25∘ and CAM6α-1∘ show an
opposite response to the PDO over southern China. Basically, the response to
increases in horizontal resolution is dependent on the CAM version.
A comprehensive quasi-3-D model for regional-scale unsaturated–saturated water flow
Authors: Mao Wei , Zhu Yan , Dai Heng , Ye Ming , Yang Jinzhong , Wu Jingwei
Published: August 2019

Abstract. For computationally efficient modeling of unsaturated–saturated
flow in regional scales, the quasi-three-dimensional (3-D) scheme that
considers one-dimensional (1-D) soil water flow and 3-D groundwater flow
is an alternative method. However, it is still practically challenging for
regional-scale problems due to the highly nonlinear and intensive input data
needed for soil water modeling and the reliability of the coupling scheme.
This study developed a new quasi-3-D model coupled to the UBMOD 1-D soil water balance
model with the MODFLOW 3-D hydrodynamic model. A new implementation
method of the iterative scheme was developed in which the vertical net
recharge and unsaturated zone depth were used as the exchange information. A
modeling framework was developed to organize the coupling scheme of the soil
water model and the groundwater model and to handle the pre- and
post-processing information. The strength and weakness of the coupled model
were evaluated by using two published studies. The comparison results show
that the coupled model is satisfactory in terms of computational accuracy
and mass balance error. The influences of spatial and temporal discretization
as well as the stress period on the model accuracy were discussed.
Additionally, the coupled model was used to evaluate groundwater recharge in
a real-world study. The measured groundwater table and soil water content
were used to calibrate the model parameters, and the groundwater recharge
data from a 2-year tracer experiment were used to evaluate the recharge
estimation. The field application further shows the practicability of the
model. The developed model and the modeling framework provide a convenient
and flexible tool for evaluating unsaturated–saturated flow systems at the
regional scale.
DECISION MAKING ON DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN AGRICULTURE WITH SENTINEL APPLICATIONS
Authors: Doxani G. , Siachalou S. , Mitraka Z. , Patias P.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Climate change and increase of extreme weather events, besides the numerous consequences, affect significantly and put in risk the agriculture sectors. Natural disasters, such as floods and wildfires, are responsible for a great loss in agriculture production. National governments together with international bodies make an important effort to cooperate towards the response and resilience when a disaster occurs. In this frame the European Earth Observation Programme - Copernicus provides a series of observation data, in-situ measurements and services related, amongst others, to different types of disasters. Concerning the availability of this big volume of observation data, the aim of DiAS (Disaster and Agriculture Sentinel Applications) project is to revise the existing knowledge on remote sensing methods for mapping the extent of natural and/or man-made disaster over agricultural areas and propose improvements. The developed methodology will be implemented in a Decision Support System (DSS), which will be freely available and easy-to-use by non-experts. In this paper, the developed methodology focuses on mapping floods over agricultural areas. Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 imagery are used as input information for the comparison analysis before and after the event. The reference for results’ evaluation is the corresponding information delivered by Copernicus Emergency Management Service (EMS). Although, the evaluation results are in good agreement when they could be used, a reference of higher accuracy is needed in order to estimate accurately the quality of the output products.
APPLICATION OF OFF-NADIR SATELLITE IMAGERY IN EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE ASSESSMENT USING OBJECT-BASED HOG FEATURE DESCRIPTOR
Authors: Jabari S. , Krafczek M.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. One of the most crutial applications of very-high-resolution (VHR) satellite images is disaster management. In disaster management, time is of great importance. Therefore, it is vital to acquire satellite images as quickly as possible and benefit from automatic change detection to speed up the process. Automatic damage map generation is performed by overlaying the co-registered before and after images of the area of interest and, compring them to highlight the affected infrastructures. For speeding up image capture, satellites tilt their imaging sensor and take images from oblique angles. However, this kind of image acquisition causes severe geometric distortion in the images, which hinders image co-registration in automatic change detection. In this study, a Patch-Wise Co-Registration (PWCR) solution is used. In this algorithm, the before and after images are co-registered in a segment-by-segment manner. From the literature, this algorithm is followed by a spectral comparison to detect changes. However, due to the complicated structure of debris in damage detection applications, spectral comparison methods cannot perform well. In this work, we developed an object-based method using Histogram of Oriented Gradient descriptor to detect damges and compared our results to different existing spectral and textural change detection methods. The algorithm is tested on images from the 2010-Heidi earthquake, captured by DigitalGlobe. The achieved highly accurate results demonstrate the potential of using off-nadir remote sensing images for automatic urban damage detection possibly in early response systems as it speeds up the damage map generation by providing flexibility to utilize images taken from different anlges.
EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF BRIDGE MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION BY AN UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE
Authors: Kim J. O. , Lee J. K. , Kim K.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The economic development and infrastructure of a nation are closely interrelated. In addition, public trust in national infrastructure facilities is closely linked to the preservation of the advantages provided by these facilities to the public. Current maintenance works face certain limitations caused by various reasons: insufficient budget, increasing number of infrastructure facilities requiring maintenance, shortage of manpower, and rapidly increasing number of aging infrastructure facilities. To overcome these limitations, a new approach is required that is different from manual inspection methods under the existing rules and regulations. In this context, this study aimed to explore the efficiency of bridge inspection and maintenance by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) that could observe inaccessible areas, could be conveniently and easily controlled, and could offer high economic benefits. For which, various tests were performed on elevated bridges, and suitable UAV images were obtained. The obtained UAV images were inspected by using machine vision technology, thereby excluding subjective evaluations by humans. Methods for enhancing the objectivity of the inspection were also discussed. The test results showed that both the efficiency and objectivity of the proposed UAV-based method were better efficient than those of the existing bridge maintenance and inspection methods.
CONSTRUCTING THE FLOOD EVACUATION ZONES BASED ON USER-CENTRIC TIME-DISTANCE REPRESENTATION
Authors: Kim J. O. , Park S.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. In the current scenario, where there is no quantitative criteria for the location, size, etc. of the shelter, an empirical study was conducted on the location distribution of the shelter considering accessibility. In this study, a safety zone that can be immediately evacuated using a pedestrian-level network is set up for each shelter. For the case area, a GIS network analysis service area analysis was used to divide the area to be evacuated to each shelter and to generate a base map in which the shelter that can reach the shelter as soon as possible can easily be identified. It is possible to provide a suitable area and evacuation route using pedestrian networks. In an urgent situation, it should be possible to get to the evacuation shelter at least as soon as possible, to avoid the high risk of flooding. Therefore, the service area that considers the flooding maps to be effective for evacuation.
DESIGN OF APPLICATION ARCHITECTURE FOR 3D SAFETY STATUS INFORMATION PLATFORM
Authors: Kim T. , Youn J. , Kim D. , Choi W.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The Korean Government has executed the research project named “The development of spatial information-based high-reality contents provision technology for disaster management”. The goal of this project is to develop and verify a Safety Index Map and a 3D safety status information platform for spatial information based customized disaster management service. This paper deals with the design of application architecture for spatial information based 3D safety state information platform. First, we analysed the use cases of existing disaster management platform and the needs of business users. Second, based on the analysed results, target facilities were selected and possible service scenarios were created. Finally, we designed application architecture with service development strategy and users’ requirements. The results of this research could be used for detail design of technical architectures (DA/SA/HA/NA).
ANALYSIS OF URBAN PLANNING DOCUMENTS WITH THE USE OF DTM IN TERMS
OF THEIR OPTIMIZATION TO IMPROVE AIR QUALITY
Authors: Kulesza L.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. In recent years, the problem of air pollution in cities has significantly increased. According to the latest ranking published by the World Health Organization (WHO), there are 36 Polish urban centres among 50 European cities with the highest concentration of PM2.5 particulate matter. In order to improve the situation, corrective and preventive actions can be taken. The first of these mainly include the shift towards more ecological fuels and increasing the biologically active area. The second group includes, among others optimizing existing planning documents. From the point of view of the location of buildings, in particular industrial plants, the most favourable are the highest areas, where the dust generated as a result of fuel combustion can be dispersed much faster. Unfortunately, the applicable provisions of Polish law do not impose an obligation to include terrain elevation in spatial planning. The growing problem of smog has stimulated the analysis of planning documents for selected Polish cities from the list published by the WHO taking DTM into consideration. First of all, on the basis of DTM, three zones (unfavourable, advantageous and very favourable) were determined for each of the test areas from the point of view of the location of buildings. Then an index was established, which was called the Elevation Planning Potential that allows to determine whether and to what extent there are possibilities to make beneficial changes from the point of view of air quality in planning documents taking into account the terrain shape. It takes into consideration both information from DTM and data determined on the basis of urban planning documents covering the existing development and land-use as well as planned spatial development directions. The solutions developed can significantly improve the air quality in cities by optimizing the location of new buildings. In this paper the results are presented for the Żywiec commune.