bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Population mixing mediates the intestinal flora composition and facilitates invasiveness in a globally invasive fruit fly
Authors: Wang Yidan , Li Zhihong , Zhao Zihua
Published: September 2023

Background

Changes in population heterozygosity and genetic diversity play important roles in mediating life history traits of organisms; these changes often lead to phenotypic evolution in offspring, which become superior to their parents. In the present study, we examined phenotypic differentiation, the intestinal microbiome composition, and metabolism shift in the oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis) by comparing an inbred (monophyletic) original population and an outbred (mixed) invasive population.

Results

The results showed that the outbred population of B. dorsalis had significantly higher biomass, adult longevity, and fecundity than the inbred population. Additionally, intestinal microflora analysis revealed that both Diutina rugosa and Komagataeibacter saccharivorans were significantly enriched in the outbred population with higher genetic heterozygosity. D. rugosa enrichment altered amino acid metabolism in the intestinal tract, and supplementing essential amino acids (e.g. histidine and glutamine) in the diet led to an increase in pupal weight of the outbred population. Additionally, transcriptome analysis revealed that the HSPA1S gene was significantly downregulated in the outbred population. HSPA1S was involved in activation of the JNK-MAPK pathway through negative regulation, caused the upregulation of juvenile hormone (JH), and led to an increase in biomass in the outbred flies.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the outbred population had an altered intestinal microbe composition, mediating metabolism and transcriptional regulation, leading to phenotypic differentiation; this may be a potential mechanism driving the global invasion of B. dorsalis. Thus, multiple introductions could lead to invasiveness enhancement in B. dorsalis through population mixing, providing preliminary evidence that changes in the intestinal microbiome can promote biological invasion.
Evaluation of remote radiologist-interpreted point-of-care ultrasound for suspected dengue patients in a primary health care facility in Colombia
Authors: Osorio Lyda , Prieto Iñigo , Zuluaga Daniela , Ropero Deliana , Dewan Neelesh , Kirsch Jonathan D.
Published: September 2023

Background

Early identification of plasma leakage may guide treatment decisions in dengue patients. This study evaluated the value of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) to detect plasma leakage and predict hospitalization or referral to a higher level of care in suspected dengue patients under routine conditions at a primary care facility in Colombia.

Methods

We conducted a cohort study between April 2019 and March 2020 in a primary care hospital in Cali, Colombia. We prospectively included and followed 178 patients who were at least 2 years old with fever of less than 10 days and clinician-suspected dengue. A trained general practitioner performed a standardized POCUS protocol. Images were quality-rated and overread by an expert radiologist, and her results and those of the general practitioner were compared using the Kappa index. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with plasma leakage at enrollment and explore its prognostic value regarding hospital admission or referral to a higher level of care.

Results

Half (49.6%) POCUS images were of suitable quality to be interpreted. The proportion of plasma leakage reported by the radiologist was 85.1% (95% CI: 78.6–90.2%) and 47.2% by the study physician (Kappa = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.15–0.35). The most frequent ultrasound findings were ascites (hepatorenal 87.2%, splenorenal 64%, or pelvic 21.8%) and gallbladder wall thickening (10.5%). Plasma leakage was higher in subjects with thrombocytopenia (aOR = 4, 95% CI: 1.3–12.1) and lower in patients 30–59 years old (aOR = 0.1, 95% CI: 0.0–0.4) than in those 18 years old or younger. POCUS evidence of plasma leakage (aOR = 8.2, 95% CI: 2.2–29.9), thrombocytopenia (aOR = 6.3, 95% CI: 2.4–16.0) and pulse pressure (aOR = 1.1, 95% CI: 1.07–1.2) were associated with hospital admission or referral to a higher level of care.

Conclusions

Ultrasound is useful to detect plasma leakage in primary care and, challenges remain to guarantee high-quality images and diagnostic accuracy, for which a standardized dengue POCUS protocol and training program is needed.

Graphical Abstract
The current state of Carceral health data: an analysis of “Listening Sessions” with stakeholders
Authors: Cullins Zaire , Behne Michael Forrest , Brinkley-Rubinstein Lauren
Published: September 2023

Background

Understanding the health conditions of those under carceral control is often made difficult due to lack of access to data. Yet, as has been made clear during the COVID-19 pandemic, is that data is essential to understand the scope of disease and how best to allocate resources. To better understand the needs of criminal legal oriented research and non-profit organizations, we interviewed stakeholders to better understand how they use existing data, what data they lack, and what data they would like to have to optimally assess the health of people who are incarcerated.

Results

Stakeholders reported a lack of trust and data availability as key issues. Many perceived the few institutions that do collect and disseminate data as obfuscating data or having a bias in collection and reporting. Additionally, concerns such as balancing the interest of systems-impacted people with advocacy were described as concerning for participants.

Conclusions

To tackle these issues of transparency and availability, the authors believe that an independent oversight body could be instrumental to ensuring accurate and timely data collection and reporting. As many participants turned to creating their own data, coalition building could be influential as a large network of resources may support capturing the varied experiences of people who are incarcerated.
The smartphone as a “significant other”: interpersonal dependency and attachment in maladaptive smartphone and social networks use
Authors: Gritti Emanuela S. , Bornstein Robert F. , Barbot Baptiste
Published: September 2023

Smartphones are increasingly widespread throughout the world and, although smartphones provide various benefits, excessive and maladaptive use is often reported. Given the penetration of smartphones in the individual’s daily life, it is relevant to identify the mechanisms sustaining their use, including the affective bond that the owner may develop with the device. The aim of the current study is to test a novel model to explain smartphone and Social Network Sites (SNS) use from an interpersonal perspective. We hypothesized that adult attachment style and interpersonal patterns (i.e., features of interpersonal dependency) generalize to the emotional bond with the mobile device, interacting with psychological correlates and background factors to predict smartphone and SNS consumption. 341 nonclinical adults (57.2% females; age M = 35.5, SD = 14.6) completed a battery consisting of the Attachment Style Questionnaire, the Relationship Profile Test, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, the Young Adult Attachment to Phone Scale, and the Social Network Intensity and Social Network Access via Mobile phone Applications. A multi-mediation model supported the hypothesis regarding the influence of interpersonal style in the relationship of the individual with their smartphone and use of SNS. A parallel between attachment style and the emotional bond with the smartphone emerged, with anxious attachment style and destructive overdependence being potential risk factors for maladaptive smartphone use especially in individuals involved in a romantic relationship. Findings are discussed in terms of theoretical implications and intervention strategies towards smartphone dependency.
Non-fullerene acceptor based photoelectric material for retinal prosthesis
Authors: Song Hyunsun , Roh Hyeonhee , Kim Jae Young , Lee Byung Chul , Walker Bright , Im Maesoon
Published: September 2023

Microelectronic retinal implants can restore a useful level of artificial vision in photoreceptor-damaged retina. Previously commercialized retinal prostheses require transocular connection lines to an external power supply and/or for data transmission, which are unwieldy and may cause unwanted side effects, such as infections. A recently reported wireless device used a rigid silicon substrate. However, it had the potential for a long-term mechanical mismatch with soft retinal tissue. In this work, we used organic photovoltaic materials which can be fabricated on flexible substrates as well as be operated without any physical connection to the external world. The present study employed PCE10 as an active layer for retinal prosthetic application for the first time. Compared to previously studied organic photovoltaic materials used in retinal prosthesis research (such as P3HT), our PCE10 devices showed higher efficiency, providing a huge advantage in this field. When the PCE10 was blended with other non-fullerene acceptors achieving a ternary organic photovoltaic layer (PCE10:ITIC:Y6 blend), it showed lower reduction of photocurrent under same irradiation frequency condition. The fabrication method for our organic photovoltaic device was simple and easy to control its thickness. The fabricated devices showed adequate photocurrent to stimulate the retinal neurons with a smaller reduction in generated photocurrent during repeating stimuli compared to P3HT or PCE10 alone.Author names: Please confirm if the author names are presented accurately and in the correct sequence (given name, middle name/initial, family name). Author: Given name [Jae Young] Last name [Kim]. Author: Given name [Byung Chul] Last name [Lee].Yes, they are correct.
HEAD-MIP–(HEAlth Dialogues for patients with Mental Illness in Primary care)—a feasibility study
Authors: Milos Nymberg Veronica , Pikkemaat Miriam , Calling Susanna , Nymberg Peter
Published: September 2023

Background

Patients with mental illness have an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality compared to the rest of the population, which is partly related to unhealthy lifestyle habits. To individualise lifestyle counselling in primary care, the Swedish-developed Health Dialogue (HD) can be used as an educative tool at recurrent measurement points with the goal to improve non-healthy lifestyle habits. HD has not been aimed specifically at patients with mental illness, and the effect of a systematic approach with repeated HDs in patients with mental illness in primary care has not been previously studied. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the feasibility of the study design for a larger-scale cohort study using repeated HDs focused on the improvement of lifestyle habits in patients seeking primary care due to anxiety, depression, sleeping problems or stress-related symptoms.

Methods

Patients were recruited after a visit to a Primary Health Care Center due to mental illness between October 2019 until November 2021 and received a Health Dialogue, including an assessment of cardiovascular risk factors through a Health Curve. Specific feasibility objectives measured were dropout rate, time to follow-up, and risk improvement rate for different lifestyle changes.

Results

A total of 64 patients were recruited and 29 (45%) attended a second HD, with a mean follow-up time of 15 months. All participants had at least one elevated cardiovascular risk level on the Health Curve for the assessed lifestyles. Risk level improvement rate was good except for tobacco use.

Conclusion

Despite a higher dropout rate than expected, we suggest that the proposed methodology for a full cohort study within general practice of patients with mental illness in primary care is both acceptable to practice and feasible.

Trial registration

NCT05181254. Registered January 6th, 2022. Retrospectively registered.
Glossopharyngeal neurinoma of incidental finding in a 65-year-old female patient: case report
Authors: Kabulo Kantenga Dieu Merci , Takeuchi Kazuhito , Yamada Yasuo , Sharafundeen Afsal , Kalangu Kazadi Kaluile Ntenga , Kato Yoko
Published: September 2023

Background

The glossopharyngeal nerve is both a sensitive and motor entity that emerges from the posterior lateral sulcus of the bulb and exits the skull through the jugular foramen. Schwannomas arising from glossopharyngeal nerves are extremely rare, and the clinical and imaging features of glossopharyngeal schwannomas closely resemble that of acoustic schwannomas.

Case presentation

We report a case of a 65-year-old female patient with glossopharyngeal neurinoma of incidental finding on brain CT scan requested after she sustained a minor traumatic brain injury. She was taken to the operating room, and the tumor was excised endoscopically via a retrosigmoid approach and the postoperative course was simple and uneventful. Histopathology of the sample showed short spindle-shaped cells with poor atypia proliferated in fascicles, and shelf-like arrangement of nuclei was seen partially, which was in keeping with a neurinoma.

Conclusions

Glossopharyngeal neurinoma may not present with obvious symptoms and signs related to its compression and may also be found incidentally compared to its counterpart vestibular schwannoma.
Video-EEG monitoring as a valuable tool for antiseizure medication withdrawal in patients with epilepsy: implications for clinical practice and public health policies
Authors: Apochi Obed Okwoli
Published: September 2023

This letter to the editor discusses “the use of video-EEG monitoring to guide antiseizure medication (ASM) withdrawal in patients with epilepsy” [1]. The author highlights the potential benefits of this approach, including reduced risk of seizure recurrence and improved patient outcomes. The author also notes the need for further research to refine the criteria for identifying patients who are good candidates for ASM withdrawal and to evaluate the effectiveness of this approach in different patient populations and settings. Finally, the author discusses the implications of these findings for public health policies related to epilepsy management.
A modified decomposition method for the analysis of porous triangular fin with a power exponent of thermal properties and magnetic effect
Authors: Roy Pranab Kanti , Das Joy Prakash
Published: September 2023

A closed-form solution of the triangular porous fin with a simultaneous variation of power law-dependent heat transfer coefficient, internal heat generation, and surface emissivity parameters under the influence of external magnetic and electric fields is carried out. Darcy’s model has been used to simulate flow in the porous triangular fin with insulated boundary conditions. The governing singular value equation is nondimensionalized and solved by modified Adomian decomposition method (MADM) and the results of MADM are compared with the numerical solution obtained from the finite difference method (FDM) in the limiting conditions. The graphical analysis of the significant power law variation of thermophysical parameters, Hartmann number and important design parameters such as the half-thickness parameter of the triangular fin are performed and physically interpreted. A comparative study has been carried out with multiple power law parameters at different values while other thermophysical parameters were kept at a fixed level and it has been found that fin temperature is highest at higher values of power index parameters. From this study, it has been found that with the increasing value of the Hartmann number as well as the porosity parameter, the efficiency of the triangular porous fin increases rapidly.
For We Are Also What We Have Lost
Authors: Yong Kee Howe
Published: September 2023

This essay describes and analyzes a historical situation of loss in Thailand's far south since the annexation of the Sultanate of Patani by Siam and its recurring conflict since the late 1940s. What was felt to be lost for my Malay Muslim interlocutors was a history of protracted struggles against a Thai Buddhist kingdom—the implications of which varied widely and were experienced unevenly. For some elites, the present violence reflected the loss of a past glorious kingdom. For ordinary civilians facing a reality of unending violence, what was lost was quotidian liveliness, embodiment, and emplacement. For others, the history of their struggles and its attendant losses had become constitutive of the present. Over the course of the essay, the relationship between loss and history (in its multiple temporalities) is ethnographically shown to be unstable, given the uneven effects on a population that was never homogenous in the first place.
Afghanistan, Racial Melancholia, and Loss That Exceeds Loss
Authors: Daulatzai Anila , Ghumkhor Sahar
Published: September 2023

What does it mean for mourning and racial melancholia to inhabit (and exceed) the geography of Afghanistan, structured by serial wars and serial foreign occupations? As Afghans are subjected to immense forms of loss, what forms of melancholia take hold? This article builds on the critical scholarship on racial melancholia and mourning with a focus on the decades-long (and ongoing) US war and occupation of Afghanistan and considers how to think with loss that exceeds loss. Yet this is not a chronicling of the material and other losses that have transpired in Afghanistan, their quantifications, or thick (or even thin) descriptions of the serial deaths, sufferings, hardships, and forms of degradation over the past forty-five years. When summoned to evidence Afghan pain and Afghan injury, for whose recognition does one catalog this loss and to what end? In refusing to narrate loss with the requisite ethnographic and other authority, this article interrogates the demand for evidence of loss, and signals the decades of refusal to attend to Afghanistan as a place being brutalized. While refusing to narrate loss, the article demands sitting with the Afghans who are living and those who have left this world, introducing the Afghan corpse as witness to the violence of serial imperial war, and witness to the violence of Afghanistan as erasure.
Improving Regulatory Effectiveness through Better Targeting: Evidence from OSHA
Authors: Johnson Matthew S. , Levine David I. , Toffel Michael W.
Published: September 2023

We study how a regulator can best target inspections. Our case study is a US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) program that randomly allocated some inspections. On average, each inspection led to 2.4 (9 percent) fewer serious injuries over the next 5 years. Using new machine learning methods, we find that OSHA could have averted as much as twice as many injuries by targeting inspections to workplaces with the highest expected averted injuries and nearly as many by targeting the highest expected level of injuries. Either approach would have generated up to $850 million in social value over the decade we examine. (JEL C63, J28, J81, K32, L51)
Immigration, Crime, and Crime (Mis)Perceptions
Authors: Ajzenman Nicolás , Dominguez Patricio , Undurraga Raimundo
Published: September 2023

This paper studies the effects of immigration on crime and crime perceptions in Chile, where the foreign-born population tripled in less than ten years. We document null effects of immigration on crime but positive and significant effects on crime-related concerns and on preventive behavioral responses, such as investing in home security. We explore several channels and provide suggestive evidence related to low- versus high-education immigrants, ethnicity-related intergroup threats, and the role of local media. (JEL D83, D91, J15, K42, L82, O15, O17)
Discrimination in Times of Crises and the Role of the Media
Authors: Zussman Asaf
Published: September 2023

Can the extent of ethnic discrimination change quickly, and what circumstances and mechanisms make such changes possible? I address these questions by using scraped data to study the daily evolution of customer discrimination against Arab doctors in Israel from January 2020 to June 2021. Results show that: (1) the outbreak of the coronavirus crisis in March 2020 led to a dramatic decline in discrimination; (2) the eruption of a wave of ethnic riots in May 2021 had the opposite effect; (3) media coverage of the contribution of Arab doctors to the fight against the pandemic helped bring about the first change. (JEL D91, I12, J15, J44, L82)
Κριτική ανάγνωση του βιβλίου «Σημείο Δι-επαφής: Συντροφικότητα & Σχέσεις οικειότητας στην ψηφιακή εποχή»
Authors: Νίκα Βασιλική
Published: September 2023

Κριτική ανάγνωση του βιβλίου «Σημείο Δι-επαφής: Συντροφικότητα & Σχέσεις οικειότητας στην ψηφιακή εποχή»
The post-award effort of managing and reporting on funded research: a scoping review
Authors: Crane Ksenia , Blatch-Jones Amanda , Fackrell Kathryn
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Reporting on research is a standard requirement of post-award management, and is increasingly required for ‘compliance’ and to show the impact of funding decisions. The demand for information on research is growing, however, approaches in reporting and post-award management appear inconsistent. Altogether, this can lead to perception of unnecessary effort and ineffiency that impacts on research activity. Identifying this effort is crucial if organisations and Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are to better streamline and support on their processes. Here, we review the ‘effort’ and processes in post-award management, explore current practices and the purposes of reporting on research. We also identify where effort is perceived as unnecessary or improvements are needed, using previous reports of solutions to inform recommendations for funders and HEIs. 

Methods: We conducted a scoping review of the relevant research and grey literature. Electronic searches of databases, and manual searches of journals and funder websites, resulted in inclusion of 52 records and 11 websites. Information on HEI and funder post-award management processes was extracted, catalogued, and summarised to inform discussion. 

Results: Post-award management is a complex process that serves many purposes but requires considerable effort, particularly in the set up and reporting of research. Perceptions of unnecessary effort stem from inefficiencies in compliance, data management and reporting approaches, and there is evidence of needed improvement in mechanisms of administrative support, research impact assessment, monitoring, and evaluation. Solutions should focus on integrating digital systems to reduce duplication, streamlining reporting methods, and improving administrative resources in HEIs. 

Conclusions: Funders and HEIs should work together to support a more efficient post-award management process. The value of research information, and how it is collected and used, can be improved by aligning practices and addressing the specific issues highlighted in this review.
Protocol for assessment and correlation of Brandwein-Gensler criteria with P53 immunoexpression in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective study
Authors: Akolkar Sakshi , Hande Alka , Gawande Madhuri , Patil Swati , Sonone Archana , Pakhale Aayushi
Published: September 2023

Introduction: The commonest type of malignancy in the head and neck region is oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Brandwein provided a risk model that includes scores for the following three factors: worst invasion pattern, lymphocytic host response and perineural invasion. This risk model accounts for overall survival and local recurrence. p53 is considered to be one of the most significant prognostic markers.

Objectives: To assess and correlate Brandwein-Gensler criteria with p53 immunoexpression in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods: In this study, a total of 80 samples will be included from histopathologically diagnosed OSCC patients will be taken for the study. H&E-stained slides of all cases will be evaluated using Brandwein-Gensler criteria and then immunostaining will be done for p53 immunoexpression. A correlation between Brandwein-Gensler criteria and p53 immunoexpression will be determined.

The present study will assess and correlate Brandwein-Gensler criteria with p53 immunoexpression. If the Brandwein-Gensler criteria score increases, the intensity of p53 immunoexpression will also increase.

Conclusions: We hypothesize that Brandwein-Gensler criteria may be significantly correlated with p53 immunoexpression in OSCC.
Motivation, inclusivity, and realism should drive data science education
Authors: Savonen Candace , Wright Carrie , Hoffman Ava , Humphries Elizabeth , Cox Katherine , Tan Frederick , Leek Jeffrey
Published: September 2023

Data science education provides tremendous opportunities but remains inaccessible to many communities. Increasing the accessibility of data science to these communities not only benefits the individuals entering data science, but also increases the field's innovation and potential impact as a whole. Education is the most scalable solution to meet these needs, but many data science educators lack formal training in education. Our group has led education efforts for a variety of audiences: from professional scientists to high school students to lay audiences. These experiences have helped form our teaching philosophy which we have summarized into three main ideals: 1) motivation, 2) inclusivity, and 3) realism. To put these ideals better into practice, we also aim to iteratively update our teaching approaches and curriculum as we find ways to better reach these ideals. In this manuscript we discuss these ideals as well practical ideas for how to implement these philosophies in the classroom.
The SCOPE framework – implementing the ideals of responsible research assessment
Authors: Himanen Laura , Conte Erica , Gauffriau Marianne , Strøm Tanja , Wolf Baron , Gadd Elizabeth
Published: September 2023

Background:Research and researchers are heavily evaluated, and over the past decade it has become apparent that the consequences of evaluating the research enterprise and particularly individual researchers are considerable. This has resulted in the publishing of several guidelines and principles to support moving towards more responsible research assessment (RRA). To ensure that research evaluation is meaningful, responsible, and effective the International Network of Research Management Societies (INORMS) Research Evaluation Group created the SCOPE framework enabling evaluators to deliver on existing principles of RRA. SCOPE bridges the gap between principles and their implementation by providing a structured five-stage framework by which evaluations can be designed and implemented, as well as evaluated.

Methods:SCOPE is a step-by-step process designed to help plan, design, and conduct research evaluations as well as check effectiveness of existing evaluations. In this article, four case studies are presented to show how SCOPE has been used in practice to provide value-based research evaluation.

Results:This article situates SCOPE within the international work towards more meaningful and robust research evaluation practices and shows through the four case studies how it can be used by different organisations to develop evaluations at different levels of granularity and in different settings.

Conclusions:The article demonstrates that the SCOPE framework is rooted firmly in the existing literature. In addition, it is argued that it does not simply translate existing principles of RRA into practice, but provides additional considerations not always addressed in existing RRA principles and practices thus playing a specific role in the delivery of RRA. Furthermore, the use cases show the value of SCOPE across a range of settings, including different institutional types, sizes, and missions.
Performance of the TIMI and GRACE scores in identifying the risk of death from acute coronary ischemic syndrome: a retrospective study in patients with chest pain at a Peruvian Hospital
Authors: Herrera-Castillo Yessenia , Inolopú Jorge , Bendezu-Quispe Guido , Rosales-Rimache Jaime
Published: September 2023

Background. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is one of the significant causes of death in the adult population globally, and mortality risk assessment is essential to improve prevention strategies. This study aimed to determine the performance of the TIMI and GRACE predictive models in identifying the risk of death from acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients with chest pain at a public hospital in Tumbes, Peru.

Methods. We designed a retrospective cross-sectional study of medical records of patients with ACS treated at the José Alfredo Mendoza Olavarría Regional Hospital in Tumbes, Peru, from May to December 2022. The performance of the scores TIMI and GRACE for risk of death from ACS was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and calculating the area under the ROC curve (AUC) value with its 95% confidence interval. The AUC values of both scores were compared using Pearson's chi-square test.

Results. Data from 106 patients were analyzed. The average age of the patients was 65 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 55-73), with 63.2% being male. The AUC values for the TIMI and GRACE scores were 95.1% (CI95: 90.9-99.2%) and 95.2% (85.7-100.0%), respectively, p=0.982.

Conclusion. No difference was found in using the TIMI and GRACE scores to assess the risk of death in patients with ACS who attend a hospital for chest pain. Hence, either of the two scores would be helpful for the prognosis of death in patients with ACS.
Cultivar-specific responses of tomato essential oils to tomato red spider mite (Tetranychus evansi): Implications for pest management
Authors: Murungi Lucy Kananu , Agong Stephen , Masinde Peter , Hassanali Ahmed , Knapp Markus
Published: September 2023

Background: The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a widely cultivated and nutritionally valuable plant species, known for its culinary and health benefits. However, tomato crops are susceptible to various pests, including the tomato red spider mite (Tetranychus evansi), which can cause substantial yield losses. Essential oils from plants have shown potential as natural alternatives for pest management.

Methods: This study investigated the interaction between essential oils from seven different tomato accessions namely; 1 (money maker), 13 (marglobe), 51 (PI 134417), 162 (JKUAT 22/202183), 182 (JKUAT 19), 428 (LA 2185) and 460 (LO 3279) and T. evansi. The aim was to understand the role of essential oils in shaping mite behavior. Essential oils were extracted from these diverse tomato accessions using steam distillation. The response of spider mites to these essential oils was assessed using Y-tube olfactometer and glass slide bioassays. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to analyze the composition of volatile compounds released by the essential oils.

Results: Spider mite responses to different concentrations of essential oils were not significantly different among accessions. However, specific accessions, such as 51 and 428, elicited negative responses across concentrations. Analysis of volatile compounds revealed qualitative and quantitative variations in essential oil composition among accessions. Compounds like 2-tridecanone, 2-undecanone, β-caryophyllene, and α-humulene exhibited distinct abundance patterns across accessions.

Conclusions: The study provides insights into the complex interaction between tomato essential oils and spider mite behavior. While concentrations of essential oils did not strongly influence mite responses, the unique composition of essential oils in different accessions played a crucial role. These findings suggest the potential for selective breeding of tomato varieties with specific essential oil profiles to enhance resistance to spider mites. The research contributes to our understanding of natural pest management strategies and underscores the importance of phytochemical diversity in shaping arthropod behavior.
Data Note: The Digital Ludeme Project Database
Authors: Browne Cameron , Stephenson Matthew , Crist Walter
Published: September 2023

This document outlines the types of data collected for the Digital Ludeme Project, an ERC-funded research project that aims to improve our understanding of the development of games throughout human history through computational analysis of the available (partial) historical data of games. This document outlines how this data is collected, formatted and stored, and how it can be accessed. It is the aim of the Digital Ludeme Project to provide a data resource of unprecedented depth and scope for the benefit of historical games researchers worldwide. Special attention is paid to the FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship.
How the Workplace Influences Teachers’ Creativity: A Two-Wave Study on Workplace Bullying, Organisational Bullying Risk Factors and Creativity
Authors: Elżbieta Strutyńska-Laskus  , Madeja-Bień Kamila , Gamian-Wilk Małgorzata
Published: September 2023

Based on affective events theory, the present two-wave study investigated the predictive role of organisational features and exposure to workplace bullying in generating decreased creativity. Although several inhibitors of creativity at work have been identified, few longitudinal studies have aimed to determine whether affective events such as workplace bullying impact employees’ creativity. In the present two-wave, time-lagged panel design study (N = 261), teachers. completed the Negative Activities Questionnaire, the Risk Assessment of Workplace Bullying Questionnaire and the Creative Behavior Questionnaire twice, with a six-month interval between waves. The results indicate that specific negative workplace conditions – that is, workplace bullying risk factors – in the first wave were related to exposure to workplace bullying in the first and second waves and also led to a decrease in individual creativity in the second wave. Moreover, exposure to workplace bullying in the first wave predicted a drop in two creativity facets, self-realisation and ego strength, in the second wave. However, when organisational factors were included in the model, exposure to bullying no longer predicted a decrease in creative aspects. It is suggested that to promote teachers’ creativity, it is essential to prevent workplace bullying by building a constructive social climate and fostering proper leadership practices.
Theoretical Foundations and Management Models in Education as a Response to Risk and Uncertainty. Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of Education Management Models
Authors: Nowosad Inetta , Weissbrot-Koziarska Anna Danuta
Published: September 2023

The process of building knowledge in the field of management of education started relatively late and it is still being developed. It is also closely interrelated with the effectiveness of educational processes. This article is meant to show the paradigm shift, which is occurring in contemporary education, in which the abandonment of the centralised models of political interventions has resulted in the search for new solutions that would fit into the current need to accelerate the development. This need is reinforced by the pace of the ongoing socio-economic changes, some of which may be difficult or impossible to predict. The situation gives birth to new, more challenging problems as well as to the need to impose new models of education management. It is therefore of utmost importance to provide an overview of the main theoretical positions and management models in education, the evaluation of which is a response to the new prerequisite to cope with risk and uncertainty.
The aim of the article is, therefore, to conduct a metanalysis of these theoretical positions and models. The order of the analyses consisted of three key categories (analysis criteria) adopted by the OECD in the description of the education system: input resources, internal school processes and output resources, as well as the relationships between them as the basis for showing the ongoing changes while rejecting the existing paradigms. In English-language literature, systematic literature reviews are already standard today. Hence the proposal to use such a method, the purpose of which is to indicate the need to develop a model for managing education processes in a dynamically changing socio-cultural space based on available publications.
Odkrywanie żydowskiej tożsamości w powojennej Austrii na przykładzie filmu Śpiące psy Hanny Andreasa Grubera
Authors: Wesołowska Olga
Published: September 2023

REDISCOVERING JEWISH IDENTITY OF POST-WAR AUSTRIA IN ANDREAS GRUBER’S HANNA’S SLEEPING DOGS The trauma of the Holocaust, despite being dismissed for many years, has profoundly shaped the identity of successive generations of Jews. The main character of the film Hanna’s Sleeping Dogs (Hannas schlafende Hunde, 2016, Andreas Gruber) inherits the trauma of the tragic events of World War II, even though she initially remains unaware of her Jewish heritage. Upon discovering the family secret, the nine-year-old Johanna embarks on a journey to unravel her true identity. This task proves challenging in Austria, where anti-Semitism still prevailed in the 1960s, and “the myth of Hitler’s first victim” dominated the public discourse. The article aims to identify the stylistic devices employed in depicting the struggle between memory and (post)memory of tragic events. It also focuses on how Gruber narrates the story of trauma passed down from generation to generation and examines the representation of Jewish figures in his films. In addition, the film is analyzed within a sociocultural context to highlight its relevance to public discussions about Jewish identity in post-war Austria.
When Do Boards of Directors Contribute to Shareholder Value in Firms Targeted for Acquisition? A Group Information-Processing Perspective
Authors: Pavićević Stevo , Haleblian Jerayr (John) , Keil Thomas
Published: September 2023

We draw on group information-processing theory to investigate how target boards of directors may contribute to target value capture during the private negotiations phase in acquisitions. We view target boards as information-processing groups and private negotiations as information-processing tasks. We argue that target board meeting frequency is associated with increased processing—gathering, sharing, and analyzing—of acquisition-related information, which improves target bargaining and, ultimately, target value capture. We further posit that this value-enhancing effect of target board meeting frequency is more pronounced when target board composition improves the ability of target boards to process acquisition-related information. Finally, we expect that meeting frequency is more consequential for target bargaining and value capture when acquisition complexity imposes high information-processing demands on the target boards during private negotiations. Empirical evidence from a sample of acquisitions of publicly listed firms in the United States offers support for our group information-processing perspective on board contribution to shareholder value in firms targeted for acquisition.

Funding: This work was supported by the Strategy Research Foundation [Dissertation Grant SRF-2015DP-0016].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1643 .
Hypertension and small vessel disease: do the drugs work?
Authors: Nash Philip S , Simister Rob J , Wheeler David C , Werring David J
Published: September 2023

Associations of hypertension with ischaemic stroke and intracerebral haemorrhage, particularly when attributed to cerebral small vessel disease, are well established. While it seems plausible that treating hypertension should prevent small vessel disease from developing or progressing, there is limited evidence demonstrating this. This article critically appraises the evidence answering this clinical question. Hypertension is also closely associated with chronic kidney disease, with anatomical and functional similarities between the vasculature of the brain and kidneys leading to the hypothesis that shared multi-system pathophysiological processes may be involved. Therefore, the article also summarises data on prevention of progression of chronic kidney disease. Evidence supports a target blood pressure of <130/80 mmHg to optimally prevent progression of both small vessel disease and chronic kidney disease. However, future studies are needed to determine long-term effects of more intensive blood pressure treatment targets on small vessel disease progression and incident dementia.
Validity Evaluation for Identifying Dental Hygiene Activities
Authors: Kwak Seon-Hui , Bae Soo-Myoung , Shin Sun-Jung , Lim Hee-Jung , Han Soo-Yeon , Shin Bo-Mi
Published: September 2023

Objectives: This study evaluated the validity of dental hygiene activities to improve the oral health of clients in the clinical field. Methods: A qualitative content analysis was performed to derive the dental hygiene domain and dental hygiene activities, which were reorganized via the researcher's internal review. Validity, homogeneity, mutual exclusivity, content validity, classification suitability, and clarity were evaluated through an expert Delphi survey. Results: The activities performed by dental hygienists were classified into a total of 15 areas and 156 activities. The homogeneity of the dental hygiene domain was 4.75±0.19, and the mutual exclusivity was 4.64±0.24. Classification of the dental hygiene activities CVI (Content Validity Index) was over 0.65 and CVR (Content Validity Ratio) was over 0.20. Conclusions: It was confirmed that dental hygiene activities contribute to the efficiency and quality of dental treatment, improve dental treatment satisfaction, take full responsibility for patient safety, and affect oral disease prevention, oral health promotion, and successful treatment results based on dental hygiene care. Therefore, in the future, according to the development of dental hygiene science and the dental hygienist system, dental hygiene activities should be continuously revised and supplemented through research, and discussions in the academic world should be carried out.
Association between Stress and Periodontal Health on Obesity in Adults Aged 20-59
Authors: Park Eun-Seon
Published: September 2023

Objectives: This study was conducted to analyze the relationship between stress and periodontal health due to adult obesity. Methods: From May 3, 2021, to May 12, 2021, an online survey was conducted targeting adults between 20-59 years in Seoul and Gyeonggi. A total of 270 responses were received and the collected data were tested using the χ²-test with SPSS 24.0. Pearson's correlation analysis was also performed. Results: Obesity was higher in the males than in the females, in the age range of 30-39 years it was higher in the married people, and finally abdominal obesity was higher in the males. Both obesity and abdominal obesity were higher in the group brushing less than twice a day and sleeping less than 5 hours; obesity was also higher in the smoking group (p<0.05). With an increase in age, the periodontal health status was 'unhealthy' in the stressed group and the general health status and oral health status was also 'unhealthy' in this group (p<0.05). The higher the body mass index, the more unhealthy the periodontal condition was perceived to be, and the lower the stress (p<0.001). Conclusions: Obesity is related to stress and oral health, therefore not only stress management but also oral health programs should be applied efficiently in the obesity management process.
The Effect of Web-based Pre-learning Applied to Class on Periodontal Instrumentation
Authors: Kim Hae-Sun
Published: September 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to apply web-based pre-learning and evaluate the self-directed learning ability, confidence in manual periodontal instrumentation skills, and learning satisfaction of dental hygiene students after being provided with a class using this technique. Methods: A survey was conducted among 62 dental hygiene students at ‘B’ university in the Chungnam taking periodontal care practice classes. All subjects were evaluated with a selfdirected learning questionnaire. Data was analyzed using a t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: The results of this study showed that the self-directed learning ability was 3.44, confidence in manual periodontal instrumentation skills was 6.82, learning satisfaction was 4.17. The analysis of correlations among the variables showed that selfdirected learning ability has a positive correlation with confidence in manual periodontal instrumentation skills (r=0.32, p<0.05) and learning satisfaction (r=0.34, p<0.01), and confidence in manual periodontal instrumentation skills has a positive correlation with learning satisfaction (r=0.45, p<0.01). Conclusions: It was identified that self-directed learning ability, confidence in manual periodontal instrumentation skills, and learning satisfaction were improved in the event that a good amount of web-based pre-learning was applied to the periodontal care practice classes. Therefore, web-based pre-learning is recommended to improve the manual periodontal instrumentation skills of students because it can be provided without any time or locations.
Factors Influencing Oral Examination Among Korean Adults: A Multilevel Analysis
Authors: Kwak Seon-Hui
Published: September 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to identify factors influencing oral examination among adults aged ≥19 years and older in Korea. Methods: This study utilized raw data from the 2017 Community Health Survey. The study population included 228,335 individuals who completed the oral examination questionnaire. Individual-level independent variables encompassed factors such as demographics, socioeconomic status, oral health behaviors, and health status. Regional-level independent variables comprised the social deprivation index, the number of dental clinics per 10,000 people, the proportion of individuals aged ≥65 years, and access to health care within the reference time. Results: After adjusting for demographic factors, higher household income was associated with significantly higher rates of oral examination. At the regional level, a higher deprivation index was associated with a 0.88-times lower oral examination rate (p<0.001), while a higher number of dental clinics per 10,000 people was associated with a 1.04-times higher rate (p=0.004). Conclusions: Adults' oral examination in Korea was influenced by both individuallevel and regional-level factors. Therefore, while planning local health projects to promote oral examination among adults, it is necessary to develop a customized approach strategy for each region that considers both individual characteristics of adults and regional characteristics in a multifaceted manner
Assessment of the Susceptibility of Chlorhexidine to Specific Microorganisms
Authors: Bae Sung-Suk , Lee Jeong-Hyun
Published: September 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the range of susceptibility of E. coli, S. enterica, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus to chlorhexidine. Methods: First, an antibacterial evaluation was conducted using the zone of inhibition by disc diffusion method. For the statistical analyses, Shapiro-Wilk was used to verify normality, Kruskal-Wallis' H analysis was performed for comparison between groups, and Bonferroni was carried out as a post-hoc analysis. Results: The zone of inhibition for each concentration of chlorhexidine by disc diffusion was different for each strain at 2%, 1%, and 0.1% (p<0.05). The Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of chlorhexidine were 0.003% for E. coli, 0.005% for S. enterica, 0.009% for P. aeruginosa, and 0.006% for S. aureus; the Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) was measured as 0.1% for E. coli, 0.1% for S. enterica, 0.2% for P. aeruginosa, and 0.1% for S. aureus. Conclusions: The results of this study confirmed that the disc diffusion, MIC, MBC, and sensitivity of chlorhexidine to specific microorganisms are different depending on the microorganism type. Therefore, in the hospital environment, frequently used disinfectants should be managed more frequently, and susceptibility evaluation should be monitored more regularly.