bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enthesopathy and Calcifications around the Hip: Should these be Considered Normal Variations?
Authors: De Grove Veerle , Roose Ruben , Hendrickx Jan , Wuertzer Scott , Buls Nico , Maeseneer Michel
Published: June 2023

Purpose:
Calcific tendinopathy, heterotopic ossification, enthesopathy, and bone erosions are common findings around the hip. These findings, which are typically seen at tendon attachments, may not always be associated with symptomatic disease. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of these findings at eight separate tendon sites around the hip in an asymptomatic population.
Material and methods:
Our study included 50 patients who underwent a pelvic CT examination for a non-musculoskeletal indication. The patients completed a questionnaire to exclude any hip or pelvic pain, any prior trauma within the hip or pelvis, or any known rheumatological conditions. Two upper-level residents (PGY-4), who received specific training to identify enthesophytes, linear and round calcifications, bone erosions, geodes, and heterotopic bone, independently interpreted the transverse images in a bone kernel. The residents evaluated 8 separate tendon sites around the hip, including: the origins of the conjoint tendon (biceps femoris and semitendinosus) and semimembranosus at the ischial tuberosity; peritrochanteric insertions of gluteus minimus, gluteus medius, and gluteus maximus; the origins of tensor fascia latae and the direct head of rectus femoris; and the insertion of the iliopsoas tendon at the lesser trochanter. At each site, round calcifications, linear calcifications, bone erosions, and enthesophytes were identified, measured, and placed into an appropriate group based on size (< 1mm, 1-5mm, 5-10mm, > 10mm). Descriptive analysis and intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated.
Results:
The study included 50 patients, 22 men and 28 women, ranging in age from 24 to 94 years (mean age, 61 years). Enthesophytes, which were the most common finding at all the tendon sites, were typically small (< 5 mm); however, larger (> 10 mm) enthesophytes were found at all eight sites. Although less common, linear and round calcifications and erosions were seen at nearly all sites. Geodes, osteophytes, and heterotopic ossification were not identified at any of the investigated sites. The interobserver correlation was good with a calculated intraclass correlation coefficient of 0,697 (95%CI: 0,618-0,759).
Conclusion:
Enthesophytes are often observed at tendon insertion or origin sites around the hip and are typically asymptomatic, even when larger than 10 mm in size. While calcifications and osseous erosions are less common than enthesophytes, they are also present at nearly all the tendon sites around the hip in asymptomatic populations. Much like enthesophytes, their presence alone should not be attributed to clinical symptoms.
Effect of Heart Rate on Poor Outcome in Stroke Patients Treated with Intra-arterial Thrombectomy
Authors: Wang Huaishun , Xu Longdong , Dong Li , Li Yingzi , Liu Huihui , Xiao Guodong
Published: June 2023

Background and Purpose— The relationship between heart rate and the prognosis of patients with large vessel occlusion strokes treated with mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is not well established. This study aimed to evaluate the association of mean heart rate and heart rate variability with the clinical outcomes after MT therapy.
Methods— Acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing MT therapy were prospectively recruited from March 2020 to November 2022. Their heart rate was continuously collected hourly within the initial 72 hours after MT procedure, and the variability of heart rate was measured by standard deviation(SD) and coefficient of variation (CV). All-cause mortality and worsening of functional outcome (a shift of entire range of modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score) at 3-month were captured.
Results— Among 191 MT-treated patients, 51(26.7%) patients died at 3-month after stroke. Increased mean heart rate per 10-bpm, heart rate SD and CV per 5-unit were all associated with the increased risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] with 95% CI: 1.29 [1.09-1.51], 1.19 [1.07-1.32], 1.14 [1.03-1.27]; respectively). Patients in the highest tertile of heart rate SD was associated with the increased risk of mortality (4.62, 1.70-12.52). Furthermore, increased mean heart rate per 10-bpm, heart rate SD and CV per 5-unit were associated with the worsening of functional outcome (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] with 95% CI: 1.35 [1.11-1.64], 1.27 [1.05-1.53], 1.19 [1.02-1.40]; respectively). A linear relationship was observed between mean heart rate or heart rate SD and mortality; while all of the heart rate measures in this study showed a linear relationship with the worsening of functional outcome.
Conclusions— Higher mean heart rate and HRV were associated with the increased risk of 3-month all-cause mortality and worse functional outcome after MT therapy for AIS patients.
Robust expressions of stem cell markers, including leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein- coupled receptor 5, in association with early embryonic expression patterns of niche factors in untreated and chemoradiation-treated rectal cancer
Authors: Tsuji Kentaro , Sekine Sachi , Kawata Hirotoshi , Kamiakito Tomoko , Nakaya Takeo , Miyakura Yasuyuki , Suzuki Koichi , Rikiyama Toshiki , Tanaka Akira
Published: June 2023

Purpose
This study aimed to ascertain the involvement of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in therapy resistance by estimating CSC markers, niche factors, and WNT/β-catenin-relating molecules in untreated and chemoradiation-treated (CRT) rectal cancer.
Methods
Expression ratios of leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR), proto-oncogene and polycomb ring finger 1 (BMI1), yes-associated transcriptional regulator (YAP) and its paralog TAZ (hereafter; YAP/TAZ), and nuclear β-catenin were compared in untreated and CRT rectal cancer using in situ hybridization and immunostainings. Niche factors and WNT/β-catenin-relating molecules were also immunohistochemically compared in human rectal cancer specimens and with early embryonic intestine.
Results
The mean ratios were 15% and 14% in LGR5; 30% and 33% in BMI1; 2.7% and 7.6% in YAP/TAZ; 38% and 32% in nuclear β-catenin in untreated and CRT rectal cancer, respectively, suggesting their robust expressions after CRT. LGR5 and nuclear β-catenin expression was significantly correlated in the CRT cohort. High mobility group AT-hook 1, but not c-MYC and SRY-box transcription factor 9, was significantly upregulated in CRT tumors. WNT2B and GREM1 were uniformly expressed with similarity to the pattern of early embryonic intestine, whereas WNT3A and HES1 expressions were limited. Additionally, stromal GLI1 and YAP/TAZ were more expressed in the CRT cohort.
Conclusions
Stem cell markers of LGR5 and BMI1 as well as nuclear YAP/TAZ, a marker of stem cell regeneration, were robustly expressed in untreated and CRT rectal cancer. WNT2B and GREM1 were aberrantly and uniformly expressed in untreated and CRT rectal cancer with similarity to the early embryonic expression pattern.
Major adverse cardiovascular events of enzalutamide versus abiraterone in prostate cancer: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Lee Yan Hiu Athena , Hui Jeremy , Leung Chi-Ho , Tsang Christopher Tze Wei , Hui Kyle , Tang Pias , Dee Edward Christopher , Ng Kenrick , McBride Sean , Nguyen Paul , Ng Chi Fai , Tse Gary
Published: June 2023

Background While the cardiovascular risks of androgen receptor pathway inhibitors have been studied, they were seldom compared directly. This study compares the risks of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) between enzalutamide and abiraterone among prostate cancer (PCa) patients.Methods Adult PCa patients receiving either enzalutamide or abiraterone in addition to androgen deprivation therapy in Hong Kong between 1 December 1999 and 31 March 2021 were identified in this prospective cohort study. Patients who switched between enzalutamide and abiraterone, initiated abiraterone use without steroids, or experienced prior cardiac events were excluded. Patients were followed-up until 31 September 2021. The primary outcome was MACE, a composite of stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), Heart failure (HF), or all-cause mortality. The secondary outcomes were individual components of MACE. Inverse probability treatment weighting was used to balance covariates between treatment groups.Results In total, 1015 patients were analyzed (559 enzalutamide users and 456 abiraterone users; mean age 70.6 ± 8.8 years old) over a median follow-up duration of 11.3 (IQR: 5.3–21.3) months. Enzalutamide users had significantly lower risks of 4P-MACE (weighted hazard ratio (wHR) 0.71 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.59–0.86], p < 0.001), which remained consistent in multivariable analysis (p < 0.001). Such an association may be stronger in patients aged ≥ 65 years or without diabetes mellitus and was independent of bilateral orchidectomy. Enzalutamide users also had significantly lower risks of MI (wHR 0.57 [95% CI 0.33–0.97], p = 0.040) and all-cause mortality (wHR 0.71 [95% CI 0.59–0.85], p < 0.001).Conclusion Enzalutamide was associated with lower cardiovascular risks than abiraterone in PCa patients.
Optimized Load Flow Solution of An Active Distribution Feeder Under Diverse Loading
Authors: Kumar Gaurav , Kumar Sourabh , Bhadoriya Jitendra Singh , Verma Rishabh , Singh Diljinder
Published: June 2023

This article presents a load flow analysis strategy for an operational active distribution feeder network. ETAP is used for load flow calculation while MATLAB is utilized for optimized operation of feeder components. Integration of wind and photovoltaic (PV) distribution generator is considered along with static compensator capacitor banks. The optimal operation of the feeder network is achieved by analyzing the feeder parameters such as total power loss, nodal voltage drop, and reactive power requirement. Static capacitor banks operation is optimized using feeder parameters. Under-load and over-load scenarios are executed and tested to achieve real-life operational scenario of diverse loading. Standard IEEE-33 bus feeder network is used for this study. A wide range of scenarios are performed in the case study and results are presented in both graphical and numerical format.
Neurocognitive Assessment in Relation to Hearing Impairment and Retinal Neurodegeneration
Authors: Lee Chan Ho , Kim Jae-Ik , Lee Kang Min , Park Joo Hyun , Bae Kunho
Published: June 2023

Background
Sensory impairments significantly contribute to cognitive dysfunction development. However, the interplay between cognitive decline and various categories of neurosensory degeneration remains inadequately understood. This study's primary aim was to assess retinal layer neurodegeneration and hearing impairment within the general Korean population, utilizing cognitive evaluations.
Methods
This cross-sectional, retrospective study included participants who underwent Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA), and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Participants were grouped based on MMSE scores: control group (> 27), mild cognitive impairment (MCI, 23–27), and dementia group (< 23). We computed the average threshold for the four PTA frequencies (0.5 kHz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz, and 4 kHz) using the weighted four-frequency average formula. OCT images were analyzed to determine the Ganglion Cell Inner Plexiform Layer (GC-IPL), Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (ppRNFL), and total macular thickness. We then compared these parameters across the three groups.
Results
The analysis included a total of 196 participants (average age, 67.1 years). Overall, MMSE scores had an inverse correlation with age and PTA thresholds, and a positive correlation with OCT parameters (all P < 0.05). After adjusting for age, all groups exhibited significant differences in PTA thresholds. However, only the dementia group presented a significant decrease in OCT parameters and best corrected visual acuity, in contrast to the other groups (all P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Sensory measures serve as reliable indicators of cognitive function, with hearing loss proving a more consistent and superior predictor of functional decline from an early stage compared to retinal thickness measurement. Advanced cognitive impairment stages are closely associated with retinal neurodegenerative changes and visual impairment, necessitating careful monitoring.
Impact of stretch on sarcomere length variability in isolated fully relaxed rat cardiac myocytes
Authors: Lookin Oleg , Boulali Najlae , Cazorla Olivier , Tombe Pieter
Published: June 2023

The contractility of cardiac muscle is greatly affected by preload via the Frank-Starling Mechanism (FSM). It is based on the preload-dependent activation of sarcomeres – the elementary contractile units in muscle cells. Recent findings show a natural variability in sarcomere length (SL) in resting cardiomyocytes that, moreover, is altered in an actively contracting myocyte. SL variability may contribute to the FSM but it remains unresolved whether the change in the SL variability is regulated by activation process per se or simply by changes in cell stretch, i.e. average SL. To separate the roles of activation and SL, we characterized SL variability in isolated fully relaxed rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (n = 12) subjected to a longitudinal stretch with the carbon fiber (CF) technique. Each cell was tested in three states: without CF attachment (control, no preload), with CF attachment without stretch, and with CF attachment and ~ 10% stretch of initial SL. The cells were imaged by transmitted light microscopy to retrieve and analyze individual SL and SL variability off-line by multiple quantitative measures like coefficient of variation or median absolute deviation. We found that CF attachment without stretch did not affect the extent of SL variability and averaged SL. In stretched myocytes, the averaged SL significantly increased while the SL variability remained unchanged. This result clearly indicates that the non-uniformity of individual SL is not sensitive to the average SL itself in fully relaxed myocytes. We conclude that SL variability per se does not contribute to the FSM in the heart.
Identification of Immune-Associated Genes in Diagnosing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Metabolic Syndrome by Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis
Authors: Xu Yi , Gu Yihui , Shen Yang , Feng Wen
Published: June 2023

Background: Dysregulated immune system and metabolic dysfunction take an essential impart on the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and metabolic syndrome (MS). The purpose of this study is to identify the key immune-Associated genes of PCOS patients with MS.
Methods: Three PCOS and one MS dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were downloaded. After the data sets were combined with the de-batch effect, analysis was conducted using methods such as differentially expressed genes (DEGs), weighted gene co-expression networks (WGCNA), functional enrichment, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction, and LASSO regression, which were used to identify candidate immune-related essential genes for diagnosing the combination of these two diseases. Evaluate the obtained genes through ROC and ultimately explore abnormalities in PCOS through immune cell infiltration analysis.
Results: The merged PCOS dataset contains 1513 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with 691 identified by MS. DEGs of MS were primarily enriched in immune regulation and metabolic dysfunction. The crossed gene functions of DEGs in PCOS and module genes in MS are also mainly enriched in the immune system and metabolic dysfunction. We screened 35 node genes from 57 cross genes through the PPI network and selected six candidate genes using the lasso regression method. Five genes analyzed by the ROC curve had high diagnostic values (RAB4B, SFP91, ARHGAP33, LIME1, and SHMT2) (area under the curve from 0.72 to 0.89). Finally, an imbalance in the proportion of immune cells in PCOS was also observed.
Conclusion: Five candidate genes were identified as the final diagnostic markers. Our conclusion can provide potential diagnostic candidate genes for patients of MS with PCOS.
Compositional shifts and assembly in rhizosphere-associated fungal microbiota throughout the life cycle of Japonica rice under increased nitrogen fertilization
Authors: Dong Hangyu , Sun Haoyuan , Chen Conglin , Zhang Mingyu , Ma Dainrong
Published: June 2023

Background
Soil fungal microbiomes facilitate a range of beneficial functions for their host plants, and rhizosphere fungal community composition, richness, and diversity affect plant growth, development, and crop yield. Therefore, exploring the community structure and assembly of the rhizosphere fungal microbiome and its relationship with soil biochemical properties are fundamental to elucidating how rice plants benefit from their fungal symbionts.
Results
In this study, soil samples were collected at seedling, tillering, heading, and ripening stages of rice subjected to three levels of nitrogen fertilization. Plant growth demonstrates a substantial influence on fungal community composition and diversity. From the tillering to ripening stage, the fungal communities were governed by homogenizing dispersal and dispersal limitation. The prevalence of Glomeromycota, the beneficial fungi, was considerably higher during the heading stage compared to the three other growth stages. This increase in abundance was strongly associated with increased levels of soil nutrients and enhanced activity of nitrogen acquisition enzymes. This may be a strategy developed by rice grown in flooded soil to recruit beneficial fungi in the rhizosphere to meet high nitrogen demands.
Conclusions
Our study findings contribute to elucidating the influence of plant development and nitrogen fertilization on the structure and composition of the fungal community as well as its relationship with soil key nutrient content and nitrogen-related enzyme activities, and illustrate how a shift in the fungal community mediates and reflect the effects of nitrogen fertilization input in rice agroecosystems. These findings provide new insights into the effects of changes in nitrogen application in rice rhizosphere at different growth stages on fungal communities and soil biochemical characteristics.
Axial intensity characteristics of Hypergeometric-Gaussian type II beam in maritime turbulence
Authors: Khannous F. , Chib S. , Belafhal A.
Published: June 2023

In this study, the propagation characteristics of the Hypergeometric-Gaussian type II (HyGG-II) beam in a turbulent maritime atmosphere are investigated theoretically. Using the extended Huygens-Fresnel integral formula, the on-axis average intensity of these beams traveling through in maritime turbulence is derived in closed-form under the Rytov method. Also, some special cases of average intensity of the HyGG-II beam are been extracted from the obtained results. The dependence of the on-axis intensity on the parameters of the incident HyGG-II beam and the turbulence strength has been determined. From typical numerical examples, it is shown that the HyGG-II beam loses its dark central spot, when its on-axis intensity reaches a limit value at certain propagation distance zmax, and after that the beam returns to its original hollow shape. For small constant strength turbulence, small parameter hollowness large initial beam waist size and large topological charge, the disappearance speed is slow. The obtained results can be used in the design of an optical wireless communication link design operating in marine atmosphere.
Nasal symbiont Staphylococcus epidermidis restricts influenza virus replication via the creation of a polyamine-deficient cellular environment
Authors: Jo Ara , Kim Kyeong-Seog , Won Jina , Shin Haeun , Kim Sujin , Kim Bora , Kim Da Jung , Cho Joo-Youn , Kim Hyun Jik
Published: June 2023

Background
Studies on the immune-regulatory roles played by the commensal microbes residing in the nasal mucosa consider the contribution of mucosal immune responses. Here, we sought to identify the nasal microbiome, Staphylococcus epidermidis-regulated antiviral immune responses and the alteration of polyamine metabolites in nasal epithelium.
Results
We found that polyamines were required for the life cycle of influenza A virus (IAV) and depletion of polyamines disturbed IAV replication in normal human nasal epithelial (NHNE) cells. Inoculation of S. epidermidis also suppressed IAV infection and the concentration of polyamines including putrescine, spermidine, and spermine was completely attenuated in S. epidermidis-inoculated NHNE cells. Interestingly, the activity of enzymes related to polyamine production was reduced and the cellular export of polyamines was activated in NHNE cells depending on S. epidermidis inoculation.
Conclusion
Our findings demonstrate that human nasal commensal S. epidermidis contributes to shape a polyamine-deficient cellular environment and restricts IAV replication in the nasal epithelium.
Investigating the Effect of Spatial and Temporal Variabilities of Rainfall on Catchment Response
Authors: Ziaee Pardis , Abedini Mohammad J.
Published: June 2023

Rainfall, as the most important process of the hydrological cycle, has significant variabilities in time and space. Obviously, when it comes to flood management decisions, an insight on the impact of such variabilities can play a key role in reducing flood-related losses. In this study, the effects of rainfall spatiotemporal variabilities and the storm center location on the characteristics of the catchment outflow hydrograph, by using numerical experiments based on synthetic data, have been investigated. For this purpose, by introducing two different deterministic and stochastic rainfall generation models, more than 600 rainfall events with special specifications and correlation structures have been generated for Walnut Gulch catchment which is located in Arizona, the US. After calibrating the distributed MIKE-SHE rainfall-runoff model for a sub-catchment in the basin, the model is implemented over the entire catchment with synthetic rainfall of specified characteristics to answer the research questions raised. The results of the simulations indicate: 1- The location of the storm center has a significant effect on the characteristics of the outflow hydrographs. The nearer the location of the storm center to the outlet is, the higher the peak magnitude and the lower the time to peak will be. 2- Spatial and temporal resolution of the monitoring network has a considerable effect on the outflow hydrograph characteristics, especially on the peak magnitude. As spatial and temporal resolutions decrease, peak magnitude is underestimated and time to peak is overestimated. 3- The lower the correlation of rainfall events in space is, the higher the effect of spatial resolution on outlet hydrograph characteristics will be. 4- Rainfall correlation in time doesn’t seem to alter the effect of rainfall temporal resolution on the catchment response. In conclusion, it can be said that the accurate estimation of the outflow hydrograph requires access to a relatively high spatial and temporal resolution monitoring network.
Reproductive Phenotypes of Dehydroepiandrosterone-Induced Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Mouse Model Cannot be Maintained after Treatment Withdrawal
Authors: Wu Haowen , Zhao Bining , Yao Qiyang , Kang Jihong
Published: June 2023

Background
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy associated with infertility and metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age. Animal models have been developed and used as tools to unravel the pathogenesis of PCOS, among which most postnatal models employ continuing experimental manipulations. However, the persistence and stability of these animals after modeling is unknown. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-induced PCOS mouse model is commonly used in PCOS studies. Thus the aim of the present study was to investigate the reproductive features of DHEA-induced PCOS mice fed a normal chow or an high-fat diet (HFD) with treatment withdrawal or consecutive treatments after PCOS mouse models were established.
Methods
Prepubertal C57BL/6J mice (age 25 days) were injected (s.c.) daily with DHEA on a normal chow or a 60% HFD for 20 consecutive days to induce PCOS mouse models. Mice injected with the vehicle sesame oil were used as controls. After 20 days, mice were divided into 2 groups, namely “Continue dosing group” and “Stop dosing group”. The animals were consecutively treated with DHEA or DHEA + HFD, or housed without any treatment for 2 or 4 weeks. Estrous cycles were evaluated during this period. At the end of the experiment, serum testosterone (T) levels were measured and the morphology of ovaries was evaluated.
Results
The mice in Continue dosing groups maintained reproductive phenotypes of PCOS mouse models. In contrast, 2 or 4 weeks after PCOS models were established, the mice with treatment withdrawal in Stop dosing groups exhibited normal serum testosterone levels, regular estrous cycle, and relatively normal ovarian morphology. In addition, even with consecutive treatments, there was no marked difference in body weight between DHEA mice on the normal chow or an HFD in Continue dosing groups and the control animals 3 weeks after modeling.
Conclusions
After PCOS mice were induced with DHEA or DHEA + HFD, the mice still need consecutive treatments to maintain reproductive phenotypes to be regared as PCOS mice that meet the diagnostic criteria of PCOS defined by the 2003 Rotterdam criteria.
Effect of different culture media on the cells growth of Isochrysis galbana, Tetraselmis suecica and Chaetoceros calcitrans
Authors: Tahiri Sanaa , Elmtili Nour Eddine , Boudoudouh Hamza , Elhassani Driss Ameziane , Loulad Hamdi , Aamri Fatima El Aamri El
Published: June 2023

The aim of the present study was to determine the optimal culture medium for the growth of Isochrysis galbana, Tetraselmis suecica and Chaetoceros calcitrans. These microalgae were cultured in three replicates using seven different culture media, including commonly used agricultural fertilizers in hatcheries. The study was conducted in 20 L polycarbonate aquariums, with 15 L of culture under standard experimental conditions of temperature, light intensity, photoperiod, and salinity. The performance of the microalgae was evaluated based on various parameters such as cell concentration, growth rate, division rate, doubling time, cell biovolume, and pH. The results showed that different culture media significantly affected (p < 0.05) the cell concentration of the microalgae. The culture medium based on Kw-21 liquid fertilizer produced the best cell concentrations for Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros calcitrans, while the culture medium based on CE fertilizer was the most suitable for Tetraselmis suecica. Other parameters were also significantly affected (p < 0.05) by the experimental factors, except for cell biovolume in Tetraselmis suecica at the stationary phase. The study suggests that using agricultural fertilizers is a viable and cost-effective alternative for mass production of microalgae.
Geometry-Inference based Clustering Heuristic: A New kmeans initialization technique for Gaussian data and Experimental Proof of concept
Authors: Khattabi Mohammed-Zakariae El , Jai Mostapha El , Lahmadi Youssef , Oughdir Lahcen
Published: June 2023

Kmeans is one of the most algorithms that are utilized in data analysis adopting a variety of different metrics; but kmeans was shown to be sensitive to sensitive to the initialization step. Hence, in this paper, a new Geometry-Inference based Clustering heuristic is proposed for selecting the optimal numbers of clusters for kmeans of in other terms, the algorithm initialization. The conceptual approach proposes the “Initial speed rate” as the main geometric parameter to be statistically analysed. The distributions of this latter are then fitted using classical parametric probability distributions. The resulting fitted parameters show salient 2-stages linear behaviour according to the number of clusters within the kmeans process. Thus, the optimal number of clusters k* was assigned to the intersection of the 2 detected lines for all datasets adopted in this work. The benchmark analysis showed that the proposed heuristic is very competitive compared to other kmeans classical metrics.
Secure 3D: Secure and Energy Efficient Localization in 3D Environment using Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: V Kalpana A , Vijayaraghavan Geetha , Jagade Malla Sree , J Shobana
Published: June 2023

In recent decades, there has been tremendous technological advancement in innovative communications, consumer electronics, and medical electronics. The hot spot of communication technology offers low cost and low power nodes, which led to Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). In WSN, the location of the node is vital to decide the location of an incident called event detection. Localization technologies have been technologically advanced over the last few years by using technical improvement in digital circuitry to offer location and navigation facilities to its users. Localization is required to further functionalities such as routing, self-organization capability, etc. Many methodologies and algorithms have been proposed to solve the localization problem for a 2D or 3D region. Although various studies have been conducted in this field, many of the proposed approaches have yielded unsatisfactory results in 3D localization. However, the usual localization techniques, such as the 3D APIT algorithm and the 3D DV-Hop algorithm, have the following drawbacks: 1) Beacon node localization accuracy is low; 2) coverage rate in sparse environments is low. Obtaining higher localization accuracy is a significant challenge due to the target of an attacker, and the overall network gets collapsed by providing malicious information. The presence of malicious nodes degrades the viability of WSN and offers misguiding location information to sensors, and reduces battery life. The location information in a 3D environment should withstand against malicious nodes and also needs to be secure against attacks. In this paper, a novel Secure 3D algorithm is proposed to overcome the problem of malicious beacon nodes in WSN and provides lower Average Localization Error (ALE) by consuming less energy
Bibliometric analysis of the Vogt‒Koyanagi‒Harada disease literature
Authors: Li Liangpin , Yuan Liyun , Zhou Xueyan , Hua Xia , Yuan Xiaoyong
Published: June 2023

Background:
As an autoimmune disease, Vogt‒Koyanagi‒Harada disease (VKHD) is one of the main types of uveitis in many countries and regions significantly impacting patent’s vision. At present, information regarding VKHD is still limited, and further research is needed. We conducted a bibliometric analysis to characterize the overall status, current trends, and current focus of VKHD research.
Methods:
Literature published from 1975 to 2022 was obtained from the Web of Science core collection and analyzed by the R-language packages Bibliometrix, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace software.
Results:
A total of 1050 papers on VKHD were retrieved from 261 journals and 16,084 references were obtained from the papers in the original search. The average annual number of published articles is approximately 21.9, and the number of publications rapidly increased after 2004. Ocular Immunology and Inflammation is the journal that published the most papers on VKHD, while the American Journal of Ophthalmology has the highest cited frequency. The leading countries were Japan, China (PRC), and the United States of America (USA). Yang PZ. from Chongqing Medical University is the most prolific and cited author. The most frequently cited literature is the literature on the revision of VKHD diagnostic criteria. An analysis of high-frequency keywords showed that the research focused on the treatment, diagnosis, and pathogenesis of VKHD and its relationship with other related diseases. At present, the urgent research direction is the relationship and specific mechanism between COVID-19 or COVID-19 vaccines and VKHD.
Conclusion:
Bibliometrics can clearly show the research history, development trends, and research hotspots of VKHD through dynamic and visualization tools. It is an efficient way to study the literature and is helpful for future researchers.
Effect of graphite particle size on the thermal properties of EG/erythritol CPCM
Authors: Li Yan , Wang Shuo , Tan Wangwang , Zhu Qunzhi
Published: June 2023

Erythritol is a promising medium and low-temperature organic phase change material. To solve the problems of supercooling, leakage, and low thermal conductivity, expanded graphite (EG) with four different particle sizes of 32 mesh, 50 mesh, 80 mesh, and 100 mesh was used as the support material. Shape-stable composite phase change materials (CPCMs) with a mass content of 10% EG were prepared by the "ultrasonic impregnation-drying-pressing" method. The properties were studied. The experimental results showed that 50 mesh EG was more suitable as an adsorption carrier for erythritol. Compared with pure erythritol, the 50 mesh EG/erythritol composite had a lower supercooling degree and higher enthalpy of phase transition, which improved the heat storage/heat release capacity of the material. In this study, the relationship between the supercooling degree of erythritol and EG particle size was analyzed, and EG/erythritol thermal storage materials with high thermal storage density and exothermic density were prepared. It helps to promote the application of EG-based composite thermal storage materials and the development of thermal storage technology.
Effect of steam explosion pretreatment of fast-growing poplar (Populus deltoides x maximowiczii) wood on selected properties of structural substances
Authors: Szadkowski Jan , Szadkowski Jan , Výbohová Eva , Kučerová Viera , Čabalová Iveta , Antczak Andrzej , Szadkowska Dominika , Drożdżek Michał , Zawadzki Janusz
Published: June 2023

The aim of this study was to determine the changes occurring in the wood cellulose of the fast-growing poplar (Populus deltoides x maximowiczii) under the influence of steam explosion (SE) pretreatment. Cellulose from native wood and after pretreatment at 160°C and 205°C was isolated. Cellulose polymerization degree by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and cellulose crystallinity index by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) were determined. The profiles of sugars in the native wood and in the solid fraction after pretreatment (using the acid hydrolysis method) were also determined. In addition, the profile of monosaccharides in the liquid fraction obtained after steam explosion and in the liquid fraction after acid hydrolysis of the oligosaccharides were investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This allowed to determine the change in the content of hexoses and pentoses in the studied material. The behavior of cellulose in wood subjected to steam explosion at 160°C and 205°C and isolated by the Kürschner-Hoffer method was studied by determining the absorption bands of FTIR-ATR spectra. The Lateral Order Index (LOI) of cellulose was calculated from the ratio of the intensity of the corresponding absorption bands A1422 cm-1/ A896 cm-1. Total crystallinity index (TCI) of cellulose was calculated from the ratio of the intensity of absorption bands A1372 cm-1/ A2900 cm-1. TCI of Kürschner-Hoffer cellulose isolated from wood subjected to steam explosion at 160°C and 205°C decreased by 5.6% and 5.0% respectively with regard to the applied temperature. LOI increased in cellulose isolated from wood subjected to steam explosion at 160°C (by 0.7%) and at 205°C (by 19.2%) in relation to the index of cellulose isolated from native wood. Kürschner-Hoffer cellulose isolated from wood subjected to steam explosion at 160°C and 205°C exhibited, respectively, a reduced degree of polymerization of about 11% and about 8%. Polydispersity index in Kürschner-Hoffer cellulose was 1% lower after both pretreatments then native sample.
Symptom Burden, Coagulopathy and Heart Disease after Acute SARS- CoV-2 Infection in Primary Practice - Results from the Study of HEarT DiseAse and ImmuNiTy After COVID-19 in Ireland (SETANTA)
Authors: Colleran Roisin , Fitzgerald Sean , Rai Himanshu , McGovern Laurna , Byrne Roger J. , Mansur Ahmed , Cradock Andrea , Lavery Ros , Bisset James , McKeogh Shane , Cantwell Gordon , O’Ciardha Darach , Wilson Hannah , Begossi Nicoletta , Blake Nial , Fitzgibbon Maria , McNulty Jonathan , Széplaki Gábor , Heffernan Emma , Hannan Margaret , O’Donnell James P. , Byrne Robert A.
Published: June 2023

Purpose:
The aim of SETANTA (Study of HEarT DiseAse and ImmuNiTy After COVID-19 in Ireland) study was to investigate symptom burden and incidence of cardiac abnormalities after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)/COVID-19 and correlate these results with immunological response and biomarkers of coagulation.
Methods:
SETANTA was a prospective, single-arm observational cross-sectional study in a primary practice setting, prospectively registered with ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04823182. Patients with recent COVID-19 infection ≥6 weeks and ≤12 months before enrolment were enrolled. Primary outcomes of interest were markers of cardiac injury detected by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including left ventricular ejection fraction, late gadolinium enhancement and pericardial abnormalities, and serum biomarker levels.
Results:
100 patients (n= 129 approached) were included, 64% were female. Mean age was 45.2 years. The median (interquartile range) time interval between COVID-19 infection and enrolment was 189 [125, 246] days. 83% had at least one persistent symptom. 96% had positive serology for prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Late gadolinium enhancement, pericardial effusion, was present in 2.2% and 8.3% respectively; left ventricular ejection fraction was below the normal reference limit in 17.4% of patients. Von Willebrand factor antigen was elevated in 32.7% of patients. Fibrinogen and D-Dimer levels were raised in 10.2% and 11.1% of patients, respectively.
Conclusion:
In a cohort of primary practice patients recently recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection, prevalence of persistent symptoms and markers of abnormal coagulation were high, despite a lower frequency of abnormalities on cardiac MRI compared with prior reports of patients assessed in a hospital setting.
Trial Registration:
Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04823182 (prospectively registered on 30th March 2021)
New type of cross-conjugated cyclopentanones as of ketocyanine dye - 2-arylidene-5-((dimethylamino)methylene)cyclopentanones: synthesis and photophysical properties
Authors: Batalin Sergey
Published: June 2023

A simple and efficient method for the synthesis of a new type of ketocyanine dye based on 2-arylidene-5-((dimethylamino)methylene)cyclopentanone by reaction of 2-arylidenecyclopentanones with dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal was discovered. The fluorescent properties of the synthesized compounds are considered depending on the structure, the polarity of medium.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Antimicrobial activities of Two Silver(I) Complexes Based on Bis(pyrazole) and Carboxylic Acid Co-ligands
Authors: Yang Hong , Zhang Heng-Hui , Li Changqing , Guo Li-Jun , Yang Miao , Hu Tuoping
Published: June 2023

Two dinuclear and centrosymmetric silver-containing complexes namely [Ag2(3,5-dmpz)2(3,5-dmpz methanol)2(tbtc)] (1) and [Ag2(3,5-dmpz)2(3,5-dmpz methanol)2(dbtc)] (3,5-dmpz: dimethypyrazole; 3,5-dmpz methanol: 3,5-dimethylpyrazole methanol; tbtc: Tetrabromoterephthalic acid; dbtc: 2,5-Dibromoterephthalic acid) were prepared and characterized. X-ray crystallographic data of 1 and 2 revealed that trigonal environment of the Ag ions have a “Compressed Y’s” geometry. The antimicrobial activity of 1 and 2 was tested against the Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and fungus, displaying the better inhibiting activity than the individual AgNO3 and 3,5-dimethylpyrazole, especially for Candida albicans (IC50-2.54 mg mL− 1 and 2.79 mg mL− 1). The quantified IC50 values displayed that complexes 1 and 2 were more effective against fungus than the Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria.
A three-dimensional model with two-body interactions for endothelial cells in angiogenesis
Authors: Sakai Kazuma , Hayashi Tatsuya , Mada Jun , Tonami Kazuo , Kurihara Hiroki , Tokihiro Tetsuji
Published: June 2023

We introduce a three-dimensional mathematical model for the dynamics of vascular endothelial cells during sprouting angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is the biological process by which new blood vessels form from existing ones. It has been the subject of numerous theoretical models. These models have successfully replicated various aspects of angiogenesis. Recent studies using particle-based models have highlighted the significant influence of cell shape on network formation, with elongated cells contributing to the formation of branching structures. While most mathematical models are two-dimensional, we aim to investigate whether ellipsoids also form branch-like structures and how their shape affects the pattern. In our model, the shape of a vascular endothelial cell is represented as a spheroid, and a discrete dynamical system is constructed based on the simple assumption of two-body interactions. Numerical simulations demonstrate that our model reproduces the patterns of elongation and branching observed in the early stages of angiogenesis. Furthermore, we show that the pattern formation of the cell population is strongly dependent on the cell shape. Our study is expected to contribute to the understanding of how lumen structures are formed in the future.
CEREBRAL ABSCESS WITH HYDROCEPHALUS MANIFESTATION: A CASE REPORT IN 10-MONTH-OLD INFANT
Authors: UTOMO NUNKI PUSPITA , ASTUTI MERARI PANTI
Published: June 2023

Background Alongside hydrocephalus, cerebral abscess poses as space-occupying lesion altering consciousness and intracranial pressure. Cerebral abscesses commonly presented vague clinical symptoms in infants, including weeks of fever and late-onset neurologic deterioration. However, limited studies denote cerebral abscesses, especially in children under one year old. 

Objective We reported a case of a 10-month-old male infant with cerebral abscess and hydrocephalus.

Case description A 10-month-old male infant was taken to the hospital due to 6 days progressing fever. Neither clinical nor laboratory findings were abnormal. After being discharged from the hospital, the patient has admitted again 2 days later, reserved for 5 days of fever until unfortunate symptoms of raised intracranial pressure coincide with hypothermic body temperature. A brain CT-Scan showed an area of hypodense lesion in the parieto-occipital region suspected of brain abscess- resulting in non-communicating hydrocephalus. After a total of 12 days of intensive treatment with antibiotics, anti-convulsant, and steroid agents, the patient was comatose and passed away due to respiratory failure. 

Conclusion Brain abscesses should be investigated thoroughly despite the probable absence of a pathognomonic feature. Radiology imaging ought to demonstrate the early process of abscess pathogenesis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report published in Indonesia of an infant with a cerebral abscess resulting in hydrocephalus.
Fenomen dijalektike razračunavanja u Heideggerovu djelu
Authors: Grbić Safer
Published: June 2023

U suvremenim sustavima za pohranu akademskih članaka možemo pronaći mnoštvo radova pisanih o tome što je Heidegger mislio, ali mali je broj radova koji nastoje razotkriti kako je Heidegger mislio. Ovaj članak pretendira ukazati na jedan aspekt pitanja »kako?« Heideggerova mišljenja. U djelima interpreta, povjesničara filozofije i mislilaca, prevladava stav da je pitanje bitka središnje pitanje onoga »što?« Heideggerova mišljenja. Budući da je pitanje »kako?« izvornije od pitanja »što?«, te stoga što povijest mišljenja ukazuje kako sadržaj mišljenja uvijek biva mišljen prema nekom prethodno zadanom sustavu mišljenja, ovaj rad ima za cilj dokazati hipotezu o jednom izvornijem, prvotnijem, prisutnijem i kontinuiranijem fenomenu od pitanja bitka u Heideggerovu opusu; fenomenu na kojemu je sazdano i samo pitanje bitka. To je fenomen koji možemo imenovati »dijalektika razračunavanja«. Zadatak je dokazati da se odgovor na pitanje »kako?« Heideggerova mišljenja daje u dijalektici razračunavanja, koja »pastira bitka« čini »pastirom razračunavanja«.
Global symmetry and conformal bootstrap in the two-dimensional $Q$-state Potts model
Authors: Nivesvivat Rongvoram
Published: June 2023

The Potts conformal field theory is an analytic continuation in the central charge of conformal field theory describing the critical two-dimensional QQ-state Potts model. Four-point functions of the Potts conformal field theory are dictated by two constraints: the crossing-symmetry equation and S_QSQ symmetry. We numerically solve the crossing-symmetry equation for several four-point functions of the Potts conformal field theory for Q\in\mathbb{C}Q∈ℂ. In all examples, we find crossing-symmetry solutions that are consistent with S_QSQ symmetry of the Potts conformal field theory. In particular, we have determined their numbers of crossing-symmetry solutions, their exact spectra, and a few corresponding fusion rules. In contrast to our results for the O(n)O(n) model, in most of examples, there are extra crossing-symmetry solutions whose interpretations are still unknown.
Experiência de ensino da ética de virtudes em administração
Authors: Carneiro Lucas Carregari da Rosa , Ames Maria Clara Figueiredo Dalla Costa , Serafim Mauricio Custódio
Published: June 2023

O ensino de ética em Administração envolve inúmeros métodos e perspectivas. Ações éticas têm sido sustentadas por disposições estáveis do caráter: as virtudes. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir como ensinar virtudes em Administração, considerando o caso de estudantes de pós-graduação de uma disciplina eletiva de doutorado. A perspectiva da ética das virtudes desenvolvida em ética empresarial compõe o arcabouço teórico deste estudo, oferecendo métodos de ensino e aprendizagem para se cultivar virtudes morais e intelectuais. Por um estudo de caso de abordagem qualitativa, realizou-se observação participante e entrevista em grupo focal com doutorandos, fornecendo dados que foram codificados e interpretados com o suporte do Atlas.ti. Os resultados evidenciam que discussões teóricas articuladas às atividades experienciais - como aprendizagem baseada na aventura em ambiente natural e análise fílmica - permitem aos estudantes expressar um repertório de virtudes, bem como vivenciar virtudes nas atividades conduzidas. Destaca-se a importância do conhecimento teórico, da liderança e dos métodos para a condução das práticas. A articulação entre métodos, envolvendo teoria e experiência prática, contribui para a sensibilidade dos estudantes para questões éticas, agregando conhecimento, decisões e ações reais que demandam algumas virtudes, tais como coragem e prudência. A pesquisa reúne métodos de ensino-aprendizagem de ética em Administração, indicando que a articulação entre métodos contribui para enriquecer o conhecimento, reflexão e percepção sobre virtudes.