bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Superspreading of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.23 among vaccinated Finnish adults: symptomatic COVID-19 only contracted by those without recent infection
Authors: Riekkinen Marianna , Kajova Mikael , Eriksson Mari , Luukkainen Annika , Holmberg Ville , Aro Tuomas , Pakkanen Sari H , Miettinen Simo , Montonen Reetta , Smura Teemu , Lääveri Tinja , Kantele Anu
Published: July 2023

An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed after an academic party in Helsinki, Finland, in 2022. All 70 guests were requested to fill in follow-up questionnaires; serologic analyses and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) were conducted when possible.

Of those participating – all but one with ≥3 vaccine doses – 21/53 (40%) had test-confirmed symptomatic COVID-19: 7% of those with earlier episodes and 76% of those without. Half (11/21) were febrile, but none needed hospitalisation. WGS revealed subvariant BA.2.23.

Compared to vaccination alone, our data suggest remarkable protection by hybrid immunity against symptomatic infection, particularly in instances of recent infections with homologous variants.
Assessing the impact of a test and vaccinate or remove badger intervention project on bovine tuberculosis levels in cattle herds
Authors: Doyle Liam Patrick , Gordon Alan W. , Molloy Colm , O’Hagan Maria J. H. , Georgaki Anastasia , Courcier Emily A. , Harwood Roly G. , Menzies Fraser Duncan
Published: July 2023

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a chronic, zoonotic infection of domestic and wild animals caused mainly by Mycobacterium bovis. The Test and Vaccinate or Remove (TVR) project was a 5-year intervention (2014–2018) applied to Eurasian badgers (Meles meles) in a 100 km2 area of County Down, Northern Ireland. This observational study used routine bTB surveillance data of cattle to determine if the TVR intervention had any effect in reducing the infection at a herd level. The study design included the TVR treatment area (Banbridge) compared to the three adjacent 100 km2 areas (Dromore, Ballynahinch, and Castlewellan) which did not receive any badger intervention. Results showed that there were statistically lower bTB herd incidence rate ratios in the Banbridge TVR area compared to two of the other three comparison areas, but with bTB herd history and number of bTB infected cattle being the main explanatory variables along with Year. This finding is consistent with other study results conducted as part of the TVR project that suggested that the main transmission route for bTB in the area was cattle-to-cattle spread. This potentially makes any wildlife intervention in the TVR area of less relevance to bTB levels in cattle. It must also be noted that the scientific power of the TVR study (76%) was below the recommended 80%, meaning that results must be interpreted with caution. Even though statistical significance was achieved in two cattle-related risk factors, other potential risk factors may have also demonstrated significance in a larger study.
Shaming Through Photographic Denunciation in Nazi Germany, 1933–1938
Authors: Keresztes Julie R.
Published: July 2023

After seizing power in 1933, the Nazis added photographic denunciation to the repertoire of modern European public shaming practices to forge a new consensus about who belonged in German society. Photographic denunciation, in which Nazi functionaries took and displayed pictures of non-Jewish Germans shopping at Jewish-owned businesses advanced the Nazi dispossession of German Jews while coercing non-Jewish Germans into severing ties with Jewish neighbours . Contrary to what most historical scholarship has implied, photographic denunciation lasted well into the 1930s in Germany and even transcended German borders. Ultimately, photographic denunciation was among the Nazis’ most successful tools to turn non-Jewish Germans against Jews, a key precursor to the ability of the Nazi regime to perpetrate the Holocaust.
On-Again, Off-Again Lake Cahuilla Likely Enhanced Earthquakes in Southern California
Authors: Scharping Nathaniel
Published: July 2023

The disappearance of the ephemeral lake has made earthquakes along the San Andreas Fault even more unpredictable.
Top-down identification of keystone taxa in the microbiome
Authors: Amit Guy , Bashan Amir
Published: July 2023

Keystone taxa in ecological communities are native taxa that play an especially important role in the stability of their ecosystem. However, we still lack an effective framework for identifying these taxa from the available high-throughput sequencing without the notoriously difficult step of reconstructing the detailed network of inter-specific interactions. In addition, while most microbial interaction models assume pair-wise relationships, it is yet unclear whether pair-wise interactions dominate the system, or whether higher-order interactions are relevant. Here we propose a top-down identification framework, which detects keystones by their total influence on the rest of the taxa. Our method does not assume a priori knowledge of pairwise interactions or any specific underlying dynamics and is appropriate to both perturbation experiments and metagenomic cross-sectional surveys. When applied to real high-throughput sequencing of the human gastrointestinal microbiome, we detect a set of candidate keystones and find that they are often part of a keystone module – multiple candidate keystone species with correlated occurrence. The keystone analysis of single-time-point cross-sectional data is also later verified by the evaluation of two-time-points longitudinal sampling. Our framework represents a necessary advancement towards the reliable identification of these key players of complex, real-world microbial communities.
Leaf-level coordination principles propagate to the ecosystem scale
Authors: Gomarasca Ulisse , Migliavacca Mirco , Kattge Jens , Nelson Jacob A. , Niinemets Ülo , Wirth Christian , Cescatti Alessandro , Bahn Michael , Nair Richard , Acosta Alicia T. R. , Arain M. Altaf , Beloiu Mirela , Black T. Andrew , Bruun Hans Henrik , Bucher Solveig Franziska , Buchmann Nina , Byun Chaeho , Carrara Arnaud , Conte Adriano , da Silva Ana C. , Duveiller Gregory , Fares Silvano , Ibrom Andreas , Knohl Alexander , Komac Benjamin , Limousin Jean-Marc , Lusk Christopher H. , Mahecha Miguel D. , Martini David , Minden Vanessa , Montagnani Leonardo , Mori Akira S. , Onoda Yusuke , Peñuelas Josep , Perez-Priego Oscar , Poschlod Peter , Powell Thomas L. , Reich Peter B. , Šigut Ladislav , van Bodegom Peter M. , Walther Sophia , Wohlfahrt Georg , Wright Ian J. , Reichstein Markus
Published: July 2023

Fundamental axes of variation in plant traits result from trade-offs between costs and benefits of resource-use strategies at the leaf scale. However, it is unclear whether similar trade-offs propagate to the ecosystem level. Here, we test whether trait correlation patterns predicted by three well-known leaf- and plant-level coordination theories – the leaf economics spectrum, the global spectrum of plant form and function, and the least-cost hypothesis – are also observed between community mean traits and ecosystem processes. We combined ecosystem functional properties from FLUXNET sites, vegetation properties, and community mean plant traits into three corresponding principal component analyses. We find that the leaf economics spectrum (90 sites), the global spectrum of plant form and function (89 sites), and the least-cost hypothesis (82 sites) all propagate at the ecosystem level. However, we also find evidence of additional scale-emergent properties. Evaluating the coordination of ecosystem functional properties may aid the development of more realistic global dynamic vegetation models with critical empirical data, reducing the uncertainty of climate change projections.
An electroluminescent and tunable cavity-enhanced carbon-nanotube-emitter in the telecom band
Authors: Ovvyan Anna P. , Li Min-Ken , Gehring Helge , Beutel Fabian , Kumar Sandeep , Hennrich Frank , Wei Li , Chen Yuan , Pyatkov Felix , Krupke Ralph , Pernice Wolfram H. P.
Published: July 2023

Emerging photonic information processing systems require chip-level integration of controllable nanoscale light sources at telecommunication wavelengths. Currently, substantial challenges remain in the dynamic control of the sources, the low-loss integration into a photonic environment, and in the site-selective placement at desired positions on a chip. Here, we overcome these challenges using heterogeneous integration of electroluminescent (EL), semiconducting carbon nanotubes (sCNTs) into hybrid two dimensional – three dimensional (2D-3D) photonic circuits. We demonstrate enhanced spectral line shaping of the EL sCNT emission. By back-gating the sCNT-nanoemitter we achieve full electrical dynamic control of the EL sCNT emission with high on-off ratio and strong enhancement in the telecommunication band. Using nanographene as a low-loss material to electrically contact sCNT emitters directly within a photonic crystal cavity enables highly efficient EL coupling without compromising the optical quality of the cavity. Our versatile approach paves the way for controllable integrated photonic circuits.
Nanoscale multistate resistive switching in WO3 through scanning probe induced proton evolution
Authors: Zhang Fan , Zhang Yang , Li Linglong , Mou Xing , Peng Huining , Shen Shengchun , Wang Meng , Xiao Kunhong , Ji Shuai-Hua , Yi Di , Nan Tianxiang , Tang Jianshi , Yu Pu
Published: July 2023

Multistate resistive switching device emerges as a promising electronic unit for energy-efficient neuromorphic computing. Electric-field induced topotactic phase transition with ionic evolution represents an important pathway for this purpose, which, however, faces significant challenges in device scaling. This work demonstrates a convenient scanning-probe-induced proton evolution within WO3, driving a reversible insulator-to-metal transition (IMT) at nanoscale. Specifically, the Pt-coated scanning probe serves as an efficient hydrogen catalysis probe, leading to a hydrogen spillover across the nano junction between the probe and sample surface. A positively biased voltage drives protons into the sample, while a negative voltage extracts protons out, giving rise to a reversible manipulation on hydrogenation-induced electron doping, accompanied by a dramatic resistive switching. The precise control of the scanning probe offers the opportunity to manipulate the local conductivity at nanoscale, which is further visualized through a printed portrait encoded by local conductivity. Notably, multistate resistive switching is successfully demonstrated via successive set and reset processes. Our work highlights the probe-induced hydrogen evolution as a new direction to engineer memristor at nanoscale.
A diet rich in fermentable fiber promotes robust changes in the intestinal microbiota, mitigates intestinal permeability, and attenuates autoimmune uveitis
Authors: Nakamura Yukiko K. , Metea Christina , Llorenç Victor , Karstens Lisa , Balter Ariel , Lin Phoebe
Published: July 2023

Therapeutic approaches for noninfectious uveitis have expanded greatly over the past 10 years, but are limited by potential side effects and limited efficacy. Thus, therapeutic approaches that include less toxic, potentially preventative strategies to manage noninfectious uveitis are essential areas of study. Diets rich in fermentable fiber are potentially preventative in various conditions such as metabolic syndrome and type 1 diabetes. We studied the effects of various fermentable dietary fibers in an inducible model of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) and found that they differentially modulated uveitis severity. A high pectin diet was the most protective, reducing clinical disease severity through the induction of regulatory T lymphocytes and the suppression of Th1 and Th17 lymphocytes at peak ocular inflammation in either intestinal or extra-intestinal lymphoid tissues. The high pectin diet also promoted intestinal homeostasis as shown by changes in intestinal morphology and gene expression, as well as intestinal permeability. Pectin-induced modulation of intestinal bacteria appeared to be associated with protective changes in immunophenotype in the intestinal tract, and correlated with reduced uveitis severity. In summary, our current findings support the potential for dietary intervention as a strategy to mitigate noninfectious uveitis severity.
The engineered single guide RNA structure as a biomarker for gene-editing reagent exposure
Authors: Ryan Emmarie C. , Huggins Leslie M. , Podlevsky Joshua D.
Published: July 2023

CRISPR arrays and CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins comprise a prevalent adaptive immune system in bacteria and archaea. These systems defend against exogenous parasitic mobile genetic elements. The adaption of single effector CRISPR-Cas systems has massively facilitated gene-editing due to the reprogrammable guide RNA. The guide RNA affords little priming space for conventional PCR-based nucleic acid tests without foreknowledge of the spacer sequence. Further impeding detection of gene-editor exposure, these systems are derived from human microflora and pathogens (Staphylococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus aureus, etc.) that contaminate human patient samples. The single guide RNA—formed from the CRISPR RNA (crRNA) and transactivating RNA (tracrRNA)—harbors a variable tetraloop sequence between the two RNA segments, complicating PCR assays. Identical single effector Cas proteins are used for gene-editing and naturally by bacteria. Antibodies raised against these Cas proteins are unable to distinguish CRISPR-Cas gene-editors from bacterial contaminant. To overcome the high potential for false positives, we have developed a DNA displacement assay to specifically detect gene-editors. We leveraged the single guide RNA structure as an engineered moiety for gene-editor exposure that does not cross-react with bacterial CRISPRs. Our assay has been validated for five common CRISPR systems and functions in complex sample matrices.
Rapid imaging and product screening with low-cost line-field Fourier domain optical coherence tomography
Authors: Zhang Zijian , Yang Xingyu , Zhao Zhiyi , Zeng Feng , Ye Sicong , Baldock Sara J. , Lin Hungyen , Hardy John G. , Zheng Yalin , Shen Yaochun
Published: July 2023

Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) is a well-established imaging technique that provides high-resolution internal structure images of an object at a fast speed. Modern FD-OCT systems typically operate at speeds of 40,000–100,000 A-scans/s, but are priced at least tens of thousands of pounds. In this study, we demonstrate a line-field FD-OCT (LF-FD-OCT) system that achieves an OCT imaging speed of 100,000 A-scan/s at a hardware cost of thousands of pounds. We demonstrate the potential of LF-FD-OCT for biomedical and industrial imaging applications such as corneas, 3D printed electronics, and printed circuit boards.
Viability of HepG2 and MCF-7 cells is not correlated with mitochondrial bioenergetics
Authors: Doczi Judit , Karnok Noemi , Bui David , Azarov Victoria , Pallag Gergely , Nazarian Sara , Czumbel Bence , Seyfried Thomas N. , Chinopoulos Christos
Published: July 2023

Alterations in metabolism are a hallmark of cancer. It is unclear if oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is necessary for tumour cell survival. In this study, we investigated the effects of severe hypoxia, site-specific inhibition of respiratory chain (RC) components, and uncouplers on necrotic and apoptotic markers in 2D-cultured HepG2 and MCF-7 tumour cells. Comparable respiratory complex activities were observed in both cell lines. However, HepG2 cells exhibited significantly higher oxygen consumption rates (OCR) and respiratory capacity than MCF-7 cells. Significant non-mitochondrial OCR was observed in MCF-7 cells, which was insensitive to acute combined inhibition of complexes I and III. Pre-treatment of either cell line with RC inhibitors for 24–72 h resulted in the complete abolition of respective complex activities and OCRs. This was accompanied by a time-dependent decrease in citrate synthase activity, suggesting mitophagy. High-content automated microscopy recordings revealed that the viability of HepG2 cells was mostly unaffected by any pharmacological treatment or severe hypoxia. In contrast, the viability of MCF-7 cells was strongly affected by inhibition of complex IV (CIV) or complex V (CV), severe hypoxia, and uncoupling. However, it was only moderately affected by inhibition of complexes I, II, and III. Cell death in MCF-7 cells induced by inhibition of complexes II, III, and IV was partially abrogated by aspartate. These findings indicate that OXPHOS activity and viability are not correlated in these cell lines, suggesting that the connection between OXPHOS and cancer cell survival is dependent on the specific cell type and conditions.
An extreme value analysis of daily new cases of COVID-19 for sixteen countries in west Africa
Authors: Nadarajah Saralees , Ojo Oluwadare O.
Published: July 2023

We provide an extreme value analysis of daily new cases of COVID-19. We use data from Benin, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Cote d’Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, covering a period of 37 months. Extreme values were defined as monthly maximums of daily new cases. The generalized extreme value distribution was fitted to them with two of its three parameters allowed to vary linearly or quadratically with respect to month number. Ten of the sixteen countries were found to exhibit significant downward trends in monthly maximums. The adequacy of fits was assessed by probability plots and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The fitted models were used to derive quantiles of the monthly maximum of new cases as well as their limits when the month number is taken to infinity.
Construction of redundant communications to enhance safety against communication interruptions during robotic remote surgery
Authors: Morohashi Hajime , Hakamada Kenichi , Kanno Takahiro , Tadano Kotaro , Kawashima Kenji , Takahashi Yoshiya , Ebihara Yuma , Oki Eiji , Hirano Satoshi , Mori Masaki
Published: July 2023

It is important to ensure the redundancy of communication during remote surgery. The purpose of this study is to construct a communication system that does not affect the operation in the event of a communication failure during telesurgery. The hospitals were connected by two commercial lines, a main line and a backup line, with redundant encoder interfaces. The fiber optic network was constructed using both guaranteed and best-effort lines. The surgical robot used was from Riverfield Inc. During the observation, a random shutdown and restoration process of either line was conducted repeatedly. First, the effects of communication interruption were investigated. Next, we performed a surgical task using an artificial organ model. Finally, 12 experienced surgeons performed operations on actual pigs. Most of the surgeons did not feel the effects of the line interruption and restoration on still and moving images, in artificial organ tasks, and in pig surgery. During all 16 surgeries, a total of 175-line switches were performed, and 15 abnormalities were detected by the surgeons. However, there were no abnormalities that coincided with the line switching. It was possible to construct a system in which communication interruptions would not affect the surgery.
Peripheral CD4 memory T cells predict the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Inomata Minehiko , Matsumoto Masahiro , Takata Naoki , Hayashi Kana , Seto Zenta , Hirai Takahiro , Tokui Kotaro , Taka Chihiro , Okazawa Seisuke , Kambara Kenta , Imanishi Shingo , Miwa Toshiro , Hayashi Ryuji , Matsui Shoko , Tobe Kazuyuki
Published: July 2023

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly improved the prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer, compared with cytotoxic agents. However, the prediction of treatment response is often difficult, even after assessing the tumor programmed death-ligand 1 expression. We conducted this observational study to analyze the association between the differentiation of peripheral CD4 + T cells and the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. We enrolled patients who were diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer and received immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy between 2020 and 2022. Blood samples were collected at the start of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, and the expressions of PD-1, CCR7, and CD45RA in peripheral CD4 + T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The association between the findings of flow cytometry and survival after the initiation of the immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy was evaluated. Forty patients with non-small cell lung cancer were enrolled. The Cox proportional hazards model showed that an increased proportion of CD45RA-CD4 + T cells was associated with a reduced risk of progression after adjustment for performance status, tumor programmed death-ligand 1 expression level, mutation status of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene, and combined therapy with cytotoxic agents. The present study showed that the proportion of peripheral CD45RA- CD4 + T cells was associated with progression-free survival after the initiation of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, independent of several clinical factors.
Specific and label-free endogenous signature of dystrophic muscle by Synchrotron deep ultraviolet radiation
Authors: Dubreil Laurence , Damane Noreddine , Fleurisson Romain , Charrier Marine , Pichon Julien , Leroux Isabelle , Schleder Cindy , Ledevin Mireille , Larcher Thibaut , Jamme Frédéric , Puentes John , Rouger Karl
Published: July 2023

Dystrophic muscle is characterized by necrosis/regeneration cycles, inflammation, and fibro-adipogenic development. Conventional histological stainings provide essential topographical data of this remodeling but may be limited to discriminate closely related pathophysiological contexts. They fail to mention microarchitecture changes linked to the nature and spatial distribution of tissue compartment components. We investigated whether label-free tissue autofluorescence revealed by Synchrotron deep ultraviolet (DUV) radiation could serve as an additional tool for monitoring dystrophic muscle remodeling. Using widefield microscopy with specific emission fluorescence filters and microspectroscopy defined by high spectral resolution, we analyzed samples from healthy dogs and two groups of dystrophic dogs: naïve (severely affected) and MuStem cell-transplanted (clinically stabilized) animals. Multivariate statistical analysis and machine learning approaches demonstrated that autofluorescence emitted at 420–480 nm by theBiceps femorismuscle effectively discriminates between healthy, dystrophic, and transplanted dog samples. Microspectroscopy showed that dystrophic dog muscle displays higher and lower autofluorescence due to collagen cross-linking and NADH respectively than that of healthy and transplanted dogs, defining biomarkers to evaluate the impact of cell transplantation. Our findings demonstrate that DUV radiation is a sensitive, label-free method to assess the histopathological status of dystrophic muscle using small amounts of tissue, with potential applications in regenerative medicine.
Automated segmentation of the mandibular canal and its anterior loop by deep learning
Authors: Oliveira-Santos Nicolly , Jacobs Reinhilde , Picoli Fernando Fortes , Lahoud Pierre , Niclaes Liselot , Groppo Francisco Carlos
Published: July 2023

Accurate mandibular canal (MC) detection is crucial to avoid nerve injury during surgical procedures. Moreover, the anatomic complexity of the interforaminal region requires a precise delineation of anatomical variations such as the anterior loop (AL). Therefore, CBCT-based presurgical planning is recommended, even though anatomical variations and lack of MC cortication make canal delineation challenging. To overcome these limitations, artificial intelligence (AI) may aid presurgical MC delineation. In the present study, we aim to train and validate an AI-driven tool capable of performing accurate segmentation of the MC even in the presence of anatomical variation such as AL. Results achieved high accuracy metrics, with 0.997 of global accuracy for both MC with and without AL. The anterior and middle sections of the MC, where most surgical interventions are performed, presented the most accurate segmentation compared to the posterior section. The AI-driven tool provided accurate segmentation of the mandibular canal, even in the presence of anatomical variation such as an anterior loop. Thus, the presently validated dedicated AI tool may aid clinicians in automating the segmentation of neurovascular canals and their anatomical variations. It may significantly contribute to presurgical planning for dental implant placement, especially in the interforaminal region.
Mathematical inspection of heat transfer and unsteady viscous flow in a tunnel with trapezoidal shaped slender wall
Authors: Riaz Dar Muhammad Naveel , Hussain Azad , Hussain Faizan , Alrasheedi Nashmi H. , Hajlaoui Khalil , Ben Hamida Mohamed Bechir
Published: July 2023

An exploration is made to investigate numerically and theoretically the time dependent flow of blood along with heat transfer through abnormal artery having trapezoidal shaped plaque. The flow is taken to be Newtonian, laminar, unsteady and incompressible. A suitable geometrical model is constructed to simulate the trapezoidal stenosis affected artery. The governed 2-dimensional momentum and heat transfer equations are conventionalized by assuming mild trapezoidal stenosis. The renovate partial differential equations are further converted into ordinary differential equations by assist of transformations. The novelty of the work is to consider unsteady blood flow through trapezoidal shape stenosed artery. A technique of finite difference is used to discretize the updated dimensionless model numerically. Comprehensive graphical outcomes for a flow of blood are obtained. The effect of trapezoidal plaque on blood velocity, pressure and temperature are shown by surface graph inside the artery and also shown with the help of line graph.
IRAK3-mediated suppression of pro-inflammatory MyD88/IRAK signaling affects disease severity in acute pancreatitis
Authors: Thiel Franziska G. , Asgarbeik Saeedeh , Glaubitz Juliane , Wilden Anika , Lerch Markus M. , Weiss Frank Ulrich , Sendler Matthias
Published: July 2023

Acute pancreatitis (AP), which is characterized by self-digestion of the pancreas by its own prematurely activated digestive proteases, is a major reason for hospitalization. The autodigestive process causes necrotic cell death of pancreatic acinar cells and the release of damage associated molecular pattern which activate macrophages and drive the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The MYD88/IRAK signaling pathway plays an important role for the induction of inflammatory responses. Interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase-3 (IRAK3) is a counter-regulator of this pathway. In this study, we investigated the role of MYD88/IRAK using Irak3−/− mice in two experimental animal models of mild and severe AP. IRAK3 is expressed in macrophages as well as pancreatic acinar cells where it restrains NFκB activation. Deletion of IRAK3 enhanced the migration of CCR2+ monocytes into the pancreas and triggered a pro-inflammatory type 1 immune response characterized by significantly increased serum levels of TNFα, IL-6, and IL-12p70. Unexpectedly, in a mild AP model this enhanced pro-inflammatory response resulted in decreased pancreatic damage, whereas in a severe AP model, induced by partial pancreatic duct ligation, the increased pro-inflammatory response drives a severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and is associated with an increased local and systemic damage. Our results indicate that complex immune regulation mechanism control the course of AP, where moderate pro-inflammation not necessarily associates with increased disease severity but also drives tissue regenerative processes through a more effective clearance of necrotic acinar cells. Only when the pro-inflammation exceeds a certain systemic level, it fuels SIRS and increases disease severity.
The fourth vaccination with a non-SARS-CoV-2 variant adapted vaccine fails to increase the breadth of the humoral immune response
Authors: Hein Sascha , Sabino Catarina , Benz Nuka Ivalu , Görgülü Esra , Maier Thorsten Jürgen , Oberle Doris , Hildt Eberhard
Published: July 2023

Escape mutations in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 are a major reason for Omicron breakthrough infections. After basal vaccination only very low titers of Omicron neutralizing antibodies are present. However, booster vaccinations induce higher titers against the Omicron variant. The neutralization of the Delta and Omicron variants by sera obtained 6 months after 3rd vaccination and 2 weeks or 6 months after 4th vaccination with a monovalent RNA vaccine (Spikevax) was analyzed. It was observed for the Omicron variant that 6 months after the fourth vaccination, the titer returns to the same very low neutralizing capacity as 6 months after the third vaccination. The Delta variant neutralizing capacity wanes with a comparable kinetic although the titers are higher as compared to the Omicron variant. This indicates that the fourth vaccination with a monovalent vaccine based on the ancestral isolate neither affects the kinetic of the waning nor the breadth of the humoral response.
Coherent optical two-photon resonance tomographic imaging in three dimensions
Authors: Mazelanik Mateusz , Leszczyński Adam , Szawełło Tomasz , Parniak Michał
Published: July 2023

Magnetic resonance imaging is a three-dimensional imaging technique, where a gradient of the magnetic field is used to interrogate spin resonances with spatial resolution. The application of this technique to probe the coherence of atoms with good three-dimensional resolution is a challenging application. We propose and demonstrate an optical method to probe spin resonances via a two-photon Raman transition, reconstructing the 3D-structure of an atomic ensemble’s coherence, which is itself subject to external fields. Our method relies on a single time-and-space resolved heterodyne measurement, allowing the reconstruction of a complex 3D coherence profile. Owing to the optical interface, we reach a tomographic image resolution of 14 × 14 × 36 μm3. The technique allows to probe any transparent medium with a resonance structure and provides a robust diagnostic tool for atom-based quantum information protocols. As such, it is a viable technique for application to magnetometry, electrometry, and imaging of electromagnetic fields.
The Co d-band center modulation of LaCoO3−δfor improved peroxymonosulfate activation
Authors: Liang Ping , Yang Qina , Kong Fanping , Liang Zhida , Niu Xuyao , Zhu Yongjian , Ren Chaoqun , He Xin , Zhang Chi
Published: July 2023

The move of electron-occupied orbitals towards Fermi level and upshift of Co d-band center of LaCoO3−δafter P doping facilitate the interaction between catalysts and PMS.
Dangshen Huangjiu prevents gastric mucosal injury and inhibits Akt/NF-κB pathway
Authors: Xu Qiaohong , Cui Fang , Li Xiaodong , Wang Nan , Gao Yingrui , Yin Shiping , Hu Fangdi
Published: July 2023

The ameliorative effect of Dangshen Huangjiu on chronic non-atrophic gastritis was confirmed in vivo and in vitro, and the mechanism of action was found to be related to inhibition of the abnormal activation of the Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Strain-induced Mn valence state variation in CaMnO3−δ/substrate interfaces: electronic reconstruction versus oxygen vacancies
Authors: Hoang Van-Hien , Lee Nam-Suk , Kim Heon-Jung
Published: July 2023

The Mn valence state near the interfacial region between the bottom CMO layer and substrate varies when the bottom CMO layer experiences different levels of tensile strain induced by the substrates.
Direct Z-scheme GaN/WSe2 heterostructure for enhanced photocatalytic water splitting under visible spectrum
Authors: Ye Xiaojun , Zhuang Fangfang , Si Yuhan , He Jingwen , Xue Yifan , Li Hongbo , Wang Kai , Hao Guoqiang , Zhang Rui
Published: July 2023

van der Waals heterostructures are widely used in the field of photocatalysis due to the fact that their properties can be regulated to promote the capacity of discrete photogenerated carriers.
Advanced progress on the significant influences of multi-dimensional nanofillers on the tribological performance of coatings
Authors: Wang Ruili , Xiong Yahui , Yang Kang , Zhang Taiping , Zhang Feizhi , Xiong Bangying , Hao Yongxing , Zhang Honglei , Chen Yang , Tang Jun
Published: July 2023

The typical nanofillers, involving 0D nanofillers, 1D nanofillers , 2D nanofillers, and 3D nanofillers for friction reduction and anti-wear of metal/ceramic/polymer matrix composite coatings are shown in the picture.
Assembling phenyl-modified colloidal silica on graphene oxide towards ethanol redispersible graphene oxide powder
Authors: Huang Jian , Zhang Qian , Yang Zhengcai , Hu Hailong , Manuka Mesfin , Zhao Yuting , Wang Xin , Wang Wufeng , Yang Rong , Jian Shouwei , Tan Hongbo , Li Xiangguo , Lv Yang , Tang Pei , Ma Baoguo
Published: July 2023

GO modified with PSNS enables stable redispersion in ethanol, thus providing a method for large-scale reduction of GO into graphene.
Alginate@ZnCO2O4for efficient peroxymonosulfate activation towards effective rhodamine B degradation: optimization using response surface methodology
Authors: Channab Badr-Eddine , El Ouardi Mohamed , Marrane Salah Eddine , Layachi Omar Ait , El Idrissi Ayoub , Farsad Salaheddine , Mazkad Driss , BaQais Amal , Lasri Mohammed , Ait Ahsaine Hassan
Published: July 2023

A facile chemical procedure was utilized to produce an effective peroxy-monosulfate (PMS) activator, namely ZnCo2O4/alginate.
Potential of non-thermal discharge plasmas for activated sludge settling: effects and underlying mechanisms
Authors: Chen Yun , Liu Siqi , Ren Zhiyin , Wang Qi , Zhang Ying , Zuo Yajie , Zhou Jian , Jia Hongtao , Wang Tiecheng
Published: July 2023

With increase in the construction of urban sewage treatment plants, the output of sludge also surges.
Electroless Ni plated nanostructured TiO2 as a photocatalyst for solar hydrogen production
Authors: Birla Priyanka N. , Arbuj Sudhir , Shinde Manish D. , Joseph Shany , Rane Sunit , Kulkarni Sulabha , Kale Bharat
Published: July 2023

The manuscript describes successful preparation of highly efficient Ni@TiO2 photocatalysts using hitherto unreported simple, cost-effective and industrially scalable in-house developed electroless Ni plating technique for hydrogen production.
Valence tautomerism in a cobalt–dioxolene complex containing an imidazolic ancillary ligand
Authors: Moledo Vicente Guedes Anderson , Sodré de Abreu Leandro , Maldonado Igor Antunes Vogel , Fernandes William Silva , Cardozo Thiago Messias , A. Allão Cassaro Rafael , Scarpellini Marciela , Poneti Giordano
Published: July 2023

The imidazolic tetradentate ligand bmimapy is used to prepare a new valence tautomeric coordination compound.
Correction: Massively synthesizable nickel-doped 1T-MoS2 nanosheet catalyst as an efficient tri-functional catalyst
Authors: Choi Yusong , Ahn Tae-Young , Kim Ji-Youn , Lee Eun Hye , Yu Hye-Ryeon
Published: July 2023

Correction for ‘Massively synthesizable nickel-doped 1T-MoS2 nanosheet catalyst as an efficient tri-functional catalyst’ by Yusong Choi et al., RSC Adv., 2023, 13, 18122–18127, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3RA03016D.
A generalized protein–ligand scoring framework with balanced scoring, docking, ranking and screening powers
Authors: Shen Chao , Zhang Xujun , Hsieh Chang-Yu , Deng Yafeng , Wang Dong , Xu Lei , Wu Jian , Li Dan , Kang Yu , Hou Tingjun , Pan Peichen
Published: July 2023

A generalized protein–ligand scoring framework with balanced scoring, docking, ranking and screening powers are developed here.
A review of silicon oxycarbide ceramics as next generation anode materials for lithium-ion batteries and other electrochemical applications
Authors: Sujith Ravindran , Gangadhar Jella , Greenough Michelle , Bordia Rajendra K. , Panda Dillip K.
Published: July 2023

The present review outlines a comprehensive overview of the research on silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) materials, which are synthesized by various synthetic routes and are investigated as alternatives to crystalline silicon anodes.
High performance of broad excitation and narrow emission green phosphor NaAl11O17:Eu2+, Mn2+for backlight displays
Authors: Xue Yali , Liang Yujun , Zhang Weilun , Dou Yi , Wang Qiangke , Wu Xiaodeng , Han Yongsheng
Published: July 2023

A high performance narrow-band green-emitting phosphor with a broad excitation band ranging from 250 to 470 nm was obtained by the introduction of Eu2+in NaAl11O17:Mn2+, which is a promising candidate in backlight displays.
The Requirements Enhancement Based on a Problem Domain Model
Authors: Tekutov Jurij , Smirnova Julija
Published: July 2023

The paper deals with the problem of the requirements enhancement related to a particular problem domain. New requirements related with problem domain (user, customer study program) are elicited and compared with the old requirements which are documented before. The modified Value Chain Model (VCM-based) framework for the refinement of new requirements, assessment and enhancement of old system requirements is developed and discussed. Enterprise management information interaction is specified as an Elementary Management Cycle (EMC), linking enterprise management function and process by a feedback loop. A modified Value Chain and Elementary Management Cycle model was created to describe management knowledge updating process. Proposed hierarchical modified Value Chain Model and Elementary Management Cycle model allows to structure domain knowledge identification and updating processes.
The Design of An LDO Regulator
Authors: Nawaz Gareeb , Charan Chhagan
Published: July 2023

In today’s modern systems on chip (SOCs), a crucial power management circuit is the low-dropout (LDO) regulator. Of course, the need for supply voltage regulation, goes back many years in the past since the circuits have been designed. Today, LDO based voltage regulators are frequently used in a number of mixed-signal systems to produce local supply voltages that feed different building blocks. LDOs try to isolate the noise of the circuit and noise from the global supply and try to reduce their effect on device performance. For the state of desired achievement, each LDO’s architecture is circuited to the specific cell it feeds. An LDO designed to feed a flash analog-to-digital converter, for instance, differs greatly from one designed to input a VCO. In this paper, we direct an LDO for a VCO of 5-GHz LC and point the particulars of 1.2 V as input voltage, produces 1V as output voltage, 5 mA of maximum output current, power supply rejection greater than 40 dB up to 10 MHz and noise voltage present at output that is less than 25nV/√Hz at 1 MHz.
Hinweisgeber im Augenweiß
Authors: Biechele Hermann
Published: July 2023

Augendiagnostische Zeichen im Augenweiß zeigen sich vor allem im Bereich von Limbus (Übergangsbereich vom Augenweiß zur Hornhaut), Sklera, Episklera, Konjunktiva und in den Augenwinkeln. Phänomene in diesen Bereichen geben vorwiegend Hinweise auf Stoffwechsel, Lymph-, Gefäß- und Immunsystem. Insbesondere ist auf Verfärbungen und Lidspaltenflecke
Reuse of Nasoseptal Flaps for Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Reconstruction
Authors: Bobeff Ernest J. , Mathios Dimitrios , Longo Davide , Estin Joshua , Joshua Shejoy , Tabaee Abtin , Kacker Ashutosh , Anand Vijay K. , Schwartz Theodore H.
Published: July 2023

Structured Abstract

Introduction Pedicled nasoseptal flap (NSF) placement is a critical component of skull base reconstruction after endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEAs). The effectiveness of NSF reuse has not been thoroughly studied. Prior reports using flaps harvested at one center and reused at another may have technical variability bias.

Methods We identified patients who underwent both their initial and NSF-reused surgeries at Weill Cornell Medical College from 2004 to 2022 using a prospective database of all EEAs. Surgical pathology, intraoperative leak grade, use of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion and skull base coverage were examined. The primary outcome measure was occurrence of CSF leak.

Results Fourteen patients (six women, eight men) underwent 14 first time and 14 revision operations with median age of 36.6 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 23.9–61.3) at the time of the NSF reuse. The median interval between the first NSF use and reuse was 70.6 months (IQR: 16.6–87). Eight patients were operated on for pituitary adenoma. Nonadenomas included three craniopharyngiomas and one case each of epidermoid, ependymoma, and chordoma. There were 16 high-flow, 8 low-flow intraoperative leaks, and 4 with no leak. CSF diversion was used in 24 operations. There were three postoperative leaks, one after a first operation and two after NSF reuse. All postoperative CSF leaks, whether first or second operations, occurred in cases with both high-flow intraoperative CSF leak and incomplete NSF coverage (p = 0.006).

Conclusion NSF reuse is effective at preventing postoperative CSF leak. The primary predictors of leak are high-flow intraoperative leak and inadequate defect coverage with NSF, regardless of the operation number.
Coordinating and sharing gesture spaces in collaborative reasoning
Authors: Williams Robert F.
Published: July 2023

In collaborative reasoning about what causes the seasons, phases of the moon, and tides, participants (three to
four per group) introduce ideas by gesturing depictively in personal space. Other group members copy and vary these gestures,
imbuing their gesture spaces with similar conceptual properties. This leads at times to gestures being produced in shared space as
members elaborate and contest a developing group model. Gestures in the shared space mostly coincide with conversational turns;
more rarely, participants gesture collaboratively as they enact a joint conception. An emergent shared space is sustained by the
joint focus and actions of participants and may be repositioned, reoriented, or reshaped to meet changing representational demands
as the discourse develops. Shared space is used alongside personal spaces, and further research could shed light on how gesture
placement and other markers (such as eye gaze) contribute to the meaning or function of gestures in group activity.
Personal and interpersonal competence of to-be translators and interpreters during COVID-19 remote learning (students’
perspective)
Authors: Hodáková Soňa , Perez Emília
Published: July 2023

The main focus of the study lies on the challenges, procedures and consequences in personal and interpersonal
competence development in university translation and interpreting (T&I) students during the COVID-19 pandemic. It reflects the
significant change in learning conditions in Slovakia after shifting from campus-based to remote learning throughout the three
waves of the pandemic, considering the personal and interpersonal competence an integral part of the curricula. The attention of
the authors centres on the students’ perspective – their insight and evaluation of the applied training procedures in selected
personal (self-assessment, time management, compliance with instructions and deadlines) and interpersonal (teamwork, collaborative
tasks, communication with the client/assignor) skills. The year-on-year comparison of students’ responses shows improvement in
training and learning strategies in almost all observed aspects of personal and interpersonal competence development and
demonstrates students’ general adaptation to the changed learning environment. The findings of the research, however, raise
several concerns related to students’ well-being and potential risks of mental health issues which appear to result from the
overall crisis situation, social distancing, but also increased workload and work-life imbalance.
The first courses on localization in Slovakia
Authors: Kabát Marián
Published: July 2023

In 2020 the first two courses on localization were introduced in Slovakia. During their preparatory stages, it was
thought that they would be taught in person. Unfortunately, the COVID-19 pandemic in Slovakia had worsened by the end of the
summer of 2020; teaching over both semesters was moved online and the syllabi had to be promptly adjusted to the new situation.
Another change in the syllabi was required in the following academic year as teaching began in a hybrid format.

The presented paper is a case study, and it will deal with the adjustments made to the courses; it will briefly
introduce the first syllabi and then present the changes made after the switch to distance teaching and after the switch to hybrid
teaching. The various parts of the syllabi are accompanied by statements from students that were gathered in an anonymous survey
after each semester to see whether they were satisfied with the course and whether they understood the problems they had been
dealing with. The results of the paper will discuss the changes, their positive and negative impact on the overall syllabi of the
first two localization courses, and improvements and changes.
Work-family interface and job outcomes among professional translators and interpreters
Authors: Kitanovska-Kimovska Sonja
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the mutual relationship between work and family among translators and
how that affects their job satisfaction and performance. More specifically, the study centres around the notions of work-family
conflict (Greenhaus, and Beutell 1985) and work-family facilitation (Frone 2003) and analyses what effect they have on translators’ job satisfaction and
performance. The study also tests the influence of the changes imposed due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the parenting role.
Following Choi and Kim (2012), a survey was conducted among a group of professional
translators which contained questions on all variables under study: work-family conflict, family-work conflict, work-family
facilitation, family-work facilitation, job satisfaction and job performance. The results reveal the influence of the work-family
interface on job outcomes. The findings of the study have implications for professional translators and the clients they work
for.
Experimental study of CO2 and N2 adsorption on activated carbon
Authors: Jedli Hedi , Almoneef M M , Mbarek Mohamed , Jbara Abdessalem , Slimi Khalifa
Published: July 2023

The present study as designed to assess the CO2 and N2 adsorption isotherms on activated carbon (AC). The AC was characterized with SEM, XRD and N2 isotherm. The CO2 and the N2 adsorption experiments on the AC are performed at 298, 308 and 328 K and modelled by Langmuir model. The preferred selectivity (α
CO2/N2) was obtained with the use of the Langmuir properties and the Henry coefficient (K

H
) was found from the virial equation. The thermodynamic analysis of CO2 and N2 adsorption which include the entropy loss (ΔS), the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) and the surface potential (Ω) was calculated. The results reveal that the order of CO2 uptake on AC is higher than that of N2. α(CO2/N2) decreased with the increase of the temperature. The KH values of CO2 on the AC are the most important, while the KH values for N2 are the least. The thermodynamic parameters which include Ω,

Q

st

,

ΔG and ΔS are impacted by the porous structure of the AC.The adsorption affinity and the adsorption spontaneity of CO2 is the highest, while N2 has the lowest adsorption spontaneity. Subsequently, CO2 exhibits a higher interaction with AC, in contrast to N2 which displays a slight interaction.the obtained results can be used to CO2 capture and to improve the efficiency of CO2 adsorption devices.
Towards chronic non-invasive stimulation: what can you learn from pain research?
Authors: Bocci Tommaso , Priori Alberto
Published: July 2023

This scientific commentary refers to ‘Long-term analgesic effect of trans-spinal direct current stimulation compared to non-invasive motor cortex stimulation in complex regional pain syndrome, by Hodaj et al. (https://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcad191).