bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Childhood Stroke: A Cross-sectional Study in a Tertiary Level Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Farhana , Nahid Fauzia , Begum Mahmuda , Nusrat Nadia
Published: June 2021

Background & objective:The present study was undertaken to find the prevalence and pattern of childhood stroke and to see its clinical presentation and sub-types.

Materials & Methods:The present cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, BSMMU, Dhaka over a period of 6 months. A total of 30 children suffering from childhood stroke, provisionally diagnosed on the basis of clinical criteria and confirmed by neuroimaging were the study population.The demographic variables were age, sex, age at onset and age at case taking. The signs and symptoms at presentation, causes, investigations, neuro-imaging findings and final diagnosis were recorded.

Result: Over half (53.4%) of the patients were in the range of 13 – 36 months with mean age of the patients being 39.1 ± 8.2 months. The mean age at onset was 36.2 ± 8.3 months. About 47% of patients were male and 53% female. Paresis of limb was invariably present, unconsciousness at onset (50%), convulsion (33.3%), aphasia (26.7%), raised blood pressure (23.3%), vomiting (13.3%), visual defect (8.7%) and headache (6.7%). Arterial occlusion was the main cause of childhood stroke (36.7%) followed by hypertensive encephalopathy (10%), migraine, hematoligical disease, cardiomyopathies (each 6.7%). Investigations revealed that over one-third (36.7%) of the patients had leucocytosis and 13.3% abnormal echocardiography. All the children either exhibited ischemia or infarction or hemorrhage on Computed Tomography (CT) and 86.7% on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Seventy percent and 36.7% of patients had MRA and MRV abnormality respectively. About 47% of the patients had acute ischemic stroke, 13.3% AIS with left-sided haemiparesis with facial palsey and another 13.3% AIS with right-sided haemiparesia. Acute haemorragic stroke (AHS), acute stroke with Hb beta-thalassaemia, acute stroke with right-sided haemiparesis with cardiomyopathy and recurrent haemorragic stroke were rare.

Conclusion: The study concluded that childhood stroke occurs most frequently between one to three years of age and equally affects male and female. Paresis of limb and unconsciousness at the onset were the main presenting features and arterial hypertension and hypertensive encephalopathy were the common cause of childhood stroke. Nearly three-quarters of the children present with ischemic stroke and the rest with haemorrhagic stroke.

Ibrahim Card Med J 2016; 6 (1&2): 20-24
Pongamia oil soap for the management of chilli mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus Banks and its impact on spider population
Authors: Krishnan K. V. Veena , Sreekumar K. M.
Published: June 2021

Field experiment was conducted to check the efficacy of the pongamia oil soap along with Spiromesifen and Neem oil soap at different concentrations in controlling chilli mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus and its impact on spider population. Spiromesifen was found effective against chilli mite and showed persistent action in the field, whereas pongamia oil soap reported an immediate control over the pest but its effectiveness declined with time and concentration. Among the botanicals, 3% pongamia oil soap was found effective and was followed by the 2% pongamia oil soap. Pongamia oil soap proved effective against mite up to seven days after the treatment and the effect declined by 14 days after the spray. The botanicals as well as the chemical spiromesifen were found safe to spiders in the field.
A comparative in vitro dissolution study of generic moxifloxacin immediate-release film coated tablets and referent pharmaceutical product
Authors: Janeva Emilija , Anastasova Liljana , Slaveska Spirevska Irena , Rusevska Tatjana , Bakovska Stoimenova Tanja , Ibrahimi Teuta , Petkovska Rumenka
Published: June 2021

Dissolution testing of generic immediate release solid dosage forms represents a valuable tool to obtain dissolution profiles and to establish the similarity/dissimilarity between tested dosage forms.
In this study, the in vitro dissolution profiles of generic immediate-release moxifloxacin (MOX) film coated tablets and a referent pharmaceutical product were compared and evaluated. The dissolution behavior of the generic product was investigated in three different dissolution media (pH=1.2, 4.5 and 6.8). The amount of dissolved MOX was determined using validated UV spectrophotometric method. For comparison of the dissolution behavior, the similarity factor, f2, was used.
The dissolution profile of the generic product showed a release of >85 % MOX in the time frame of 30 min, in all the tested dissolution media. The similarity factor, f2, calculated from the comparison of the dissolution profiles of the generic and the referent pharmaceutical product in pH=1.2 dissolution medium was 50, 58, thus the products were established as similar. Based on the results of our study, the dissolution similarity between the generic MOX immediate-release film coated tablet and the referent product could be successfully used as a part of the approach to ensure their in vivo bioequivalence.

Keywords: moxifloxacin, immediate-release solid dosage forms, dissolution, in vitro similarity
Concepts, benefits and perspectives of functional dairy food products
Authors: Anastasova Liljana , Petreska Ivanovska Tanja , Petkovska Rumenka , Petrusevska-Tozi Lidija
Published: June 2021

The rising awareness of the consumers towards the health benefits of food has resulted in the development of the so-called functional foods. These added value products which refer to prevention and/or therapeutic effects of food beyond its nutritional value, are especially useful for health improvement and reduction of medical care costs. The combination between health and nutrition and its potential to improve the quality of life has become one of the key attention points of consumers who are aware of and are seeking nutritional solutions to their health concerns.
Milk and dairy products have been used in human nutrition for thousands of years, providing important nutrients for the human body such as proteins, fats and calcium. It is now widely recognized that in addition to their basic nutritive role they also exert functional properties beneficial for human health, so the development of functional dairy products is one of the fastest growing areas in the dairy industry as well as one of the largest sectors in the global market of functional foods.
This review provides a brief overview of the health benefits and the natural functionality of dairy products as well as the challenges together with the future perspectives of their application as delivery vehicles for beneficial compounds to the human body.

Keywords: functional foods, milk, dairy products
Comparative single-dose bioavailability study of two 500 mg clarithromycin tablet formulations in healthy volunteers under fasting condition
Authors: Labachevski Nikola , Zafirov Dimche , Trojacanec Jasmina , Jakjovski Krume , Atanasovska Emilija , Gjorgjievska Kalina , Kolovcevski Nikola , Labachevski Bojan , Svinarov Dobrin
Published: June 2021

Clarithromycin is a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic, chemically 6-0-methylerythromycin, formulated as immediate-release tablets, extended-release tablets, and granules for oral suspension.
The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the relative bioavailability, and therefore the bioequivalence of Clarithromycin 500 mg test formulation versus a reference Klacid® forte 500 mg formulation, following a single dose administration under fasting conditions.
The study was a single center, open, single dose, randomized, two-way crossover study in healthy male volunteers, with a wash-out period of one week between study periods. Twenty-four male healthy volunteers, aged 18-49 years were included into study. Blood samples for determination of clarithromycin and 14-OH clarithromycin concentrations were withdrawn at zero (pre-drug administration), 0.33, 0.66, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 5, 6, 8, 12, 24 and 36 hours post-drug administration.
The determination of clarithromycin and 14-OH clarithromycin concentrations in plasma was performed using validated LC/MS/MS method and internal standardization after liquid/liquid extraction with methyl t-butyl ether.
The test formulation of clarithromycin, dosed at 500 mg is bioequivalent for primary clarithromycin and 14-OH clarithromycin parameters (Cmax, AUC0-t and AUC0-∞) to the reference formulation after a single oral administration of 500 mg clarithromycin. Both medications were well tolerated with no serious adverse events. Thus, in view of the clinical use, both formulations are exchangeable without restrictions.

Keywords: clarithromycin, 14-OH clarithromycin, bioavailability, bioequivalence study, single-dose
Trending and Out-of-Trend results in pharmaceutical industry
Authors: Velinovska Cadinoska Maja , Popstefanova Nada , Ilievska Miroslava , Karadzinska Elizabeta , Davceva Jovanoska Marija , Glavas Dodov Marija
Published: June 2021

There are increasing demands from both, regulatory agencies and industry itself, for improving the quality monitoring procedures. This focus on quality and risk management has prompted for re-evaluation of the systems and procedures to ensure compliance with the proposed guidelines. One of the essential tools for quality monitoring is statistical tools with which we can support any conclusion with regard to the variability and capability of a given process and thus we can ensure a state of control. There are numerous techniques which can be used and one of them is Statistical Process Control (SPC). SPC is a highly structured approach for defining what is important, by process screening; data collection and measuring the data; data analyzing and finding the variations; what needs to be done and how to bring the process in control and maintain the state of control. Trending is part of SPC and enables to see the general direction towards which the process is moving. Trending is used as a prevention of possible out-of-specification results and nonconforming products that could have impact on the patient’s health. It is no longer acceptable to be only within specification limits and out of process control.

Keywords: trend, trending, control charts, SPC, variable data, discrete (attribute) data, standard deviation, upper control limit, lower control limit
Nontuberculous mycobacteria and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosisin lung transplant candidate
Authors: Atanasova Nadzinska Marija , Jakjovska Tanja , Naceva Fushtikj Stojka , Mladenovska Kristina
Published: June 2021

Airway infections are a key component of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. The approach to common pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphilococcus aureus is guided by a significant evidence base, but the treatment of other infections is significant challenge to pharmacotherapy teams. Here we present a specific approach to treatment of chronic infections with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) anaerobic bacteria and fungi in a 25 year old patient with CF and severely decreased lung function. Also, allergic bronchopulmonary aspegillosis (ABPA) was diagnosed in the patient.

Key words: cystic fibrosis, non-tuberculous mycobacteria, allergic bronchopulmonary aspegillosis, antibiotics, systemic steroids
Establishment of the multidisciplinary Committee for Control and Prevention of Infections as key factor for the rationalization of antibiotic utilization in Clinical Hospital Acibadem Sistina-Skopje
Authors: Buhov Dragana , Naumovska Zorica , Suturkova Ljubica
Published: June 2021

Antibiotics are indicated in the prevention and treatment of bacterial infections. Antibiotic resistance is a global healthcare problem, strongly connected to hospital-acquired infections. As drug resistance is world-wild problem new educational programs and prescribing and utilization strategies should be developed.
Evaluation of the implementation of the measures by Committee for control and prevention of infections at Clinical Hospital Acibadem Sistina-Skopje and assessment of its function in the monitoring of the level of infections and rationalization in antibiotics prescription in hospitalized patients.
Isolates taken from patients in the Clinical Hospital Acibadem Sistina-Skopje were used in this study. Monthly and annual analysis was performed by pharmacist for a controlled group of antibiotics prescribed based on obtained antibiogram results confirmed by a microbiologist.The Committee for Control and Prevention of Infections also monitors the consumption of antibiotics on a monthly and annual basis calculated through the list of published antibiotics in defined daily doses (DDD-Defined daily doses) per 1000 hospital days.
Obtained results present that consumption of controlled antibiotics is stable in the evaluated period with a tendency of declination. They are used in indicated patients with the exception of Imipenem/Cilastatin. The evaluation of previously applied to proscribe routine for this combined antibiotic suggested that the patients were sub-dosed. The applied measure resulted in rational and appropriate dosing of the patients and coherent increased consumption of Imipenem/Cilastatin. The second measure applied was associated with the rationalization of surgical profilaxis and substitution of ceftriaxone with cefazolin. The costs in 2016 were 12 421 100 MKD (201 969 Eur), compared to the expenditures in 2017 of 11 891 000 MKD. (193 349 Eur).
Implementation of appropriate measures by establishment of the Committee led to the reduction of irrational antibiotics utilization and decrease of the antibiotics associated expenditure in the Clinical Hospital Acibadem Sistina.

Keywords: antibiotics, antibiotic resistance, rational antibiotic utilization, expenditures
Assessment of microbial contamination of drinking water with total coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli in the Bitola region
Authors: Nedelkova Marta , Delova Angela , Petreska Ivanovska Tanja , Zhivikj Zoran , Petrushevska-Tozi Lidija
Published: June 2021

The aim of this paper is to analyze the presence of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and total coliform bacteria (CB) in the drinking water of urban and rural areas of the Bitola region, as indicators for water quality and safety. All water in urban area is chlorinated, while at the same time the water in rural areas is non-chlorinated. The samples were analyzed according to the international standard method of membrane filtration MKC EN ISO 9308-1:2015. In all examined samples of drinking water in urban area, presence of E. coli and CB was not detected as a result of the disinfection of the water. On contrary, in all tested samples of the water from the rural water supply, presence of E. coli and CB was confirmed. Significant increase in coliform bacterial counts probably weather-related was found in the period from April to September. In addition, in the third quarter including July, August, and September, in many measurements, E. coli as an indicator of faecal contamination was identified in drinking water. In accordance with these findings and in order to provide safe drinking water, it is necessary to modernize the water supply for the population in rural areas, to disinfect permanently the drinking water and to apply regular laboratory controls which are a basic pre-condition. Otherwise, inappropriate management of the water systems can cause serious decrease in the quality and safety of the drinking water associated with an increased risk of appearance of the infectious diseases in people and hydric epidemic.

Key words: drinking water, Escherichia coli, coliform bacteria, membrane filtration
Importance of patents and data exclusivity in fixed-dose combination medicinal products
Authors: Mitkovska Marija , Anchevska Netkovska Katerina , Grozdanova Aleksandra , Poceva Panovska Ana , Kikovska Stojanovska Ema
Published: June 2021

The efficacy of an active compound can be advantageously improved when combined with other active compounds. Medicinal products for a particular indication(s) that contain combination of two or more active compounds in a fixed dose ratio is so called fixed-dose combination medicinal products or FDCs. FDCs are beneficial for patients’ adherence to the treatment because of the simplified drug regimen. They are used in the treatment of a wide range of medical conditions especially in the treatment of chronic illnesses including AIDS, type 2 diabetes, and many cardiovascular diseases. FDCs as other medicines are subject to variety of intellectual property rights protection (IPRs), including patents and data protection. Different jurisdictions worldwide have different standards when determining the eligibility of FDCs for patent and/or data protection. They can vary from 1) cases with lower standards for assessing the inventive step, where FDCs are given additional combination patent rights, 2) cases where FDCs is given status of new chemical entities thus allowing supplementary protection certificates and 3) cases where additional data protection for FDCs of already known active compounds is allowed. In this study, we have assessed the national standards among different jurisdictions of developing and developed countries. A comparison of their approaches in respect to their benefits and deficiencies related to the originators, patient accessibility and public health policies has been made.

Key words: Fixed-dose combination medicinal products, patents, data exclusivity
EL GENIO DE COLON
Authors: Taviani Paolo Emilio
Published: June 2021

Colón no sólo descubrió América, descubrió también las rutas de ida y vuelta entre Europa y el Golfo de México. Hasta que se navegó a vela, los buques que partían de los puertos de España, Portugal, Francia e Italia rumboa México, las desembocaduras del Misisipí, cualquier isla del Caribe, Colombia o Venezuela, siguieron la ruta del primer viaje de descubrimiento. Y, a la vuelta, fueron al norte del Mar de los Sargazos, en el paralelo de lasAzores. Incluso hoy en día, quien quiere cruzar el Atlántico a vela elige la ruta del segundo viaje colombino: ¡de Canarias a Guadalupa!.

El descubrimiento de las rutas está conectado con el de los vientos alisios. Fue el mismo Colón el primero que, sin miedo, se enfrentó al Mar de los Sargazos, (2) tuvo las primeras intuiciones de la Corriente del Golfo ydescubrió la declinación magnética occidental.
El Libro "CRISTOBAL COLÓN:
Authors: Cordero Iñiguez Juan
Published: June 2021

Cuenca es una de las primeras ciudades, dentro del mundo latinoamericano que inició la celebración del V Centenario del encuentro del Viejo Mundo con el Nuevo, con actos culturales, al comenzar la década de1983 a 1992. 

En esta oportunidad, con ocasión de la visita dispensada a la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Sede en Cuenca, por parte del Dr. Paolo Emilio Taviani, Presidente del Comité de Asuntos Exteriores del SenadoItaliano y destacado historiador, especializado en el "Descubrimiento" de América y en su figura central, he preparado un breve análisis de su fundamental libro "Cristóbal Colón: génesis del gran descubrimiento", paratener un mejor conocimiento de aquello que Francisco López de Gómara llamó "La mayor cosa después de la creación del mundo, sacando la encarnación y muerte del que lo crió ..."
LA MENTIRA Y LA ESTRUCTURA SOCIAL
Authors: Hirschkind Lyn
Published: June 2021

Este trabajo versa sobre la mentira en la forma en que se le usa en una comunidad campesina en el sur del Ecuador. Describe cómo y por qué la gente miente y relaciona su práctica a la estructura social de la localidad.Pretende ofrecer una explicación tanto histórica como estructural-funcional del lugar que ocupa la mentira en esta comunidad.

La palabra mentira se usa en este trabajo en el más amplio sentido del término: una falsa representación de lo que uno considera verdadero, que va desde una ligera y sugestiva deformación del hecho hasta una falsedadtotal y fantasiosa; un complejo invento de elementos del pasado y del futuro.

En términos generales mentir implica consciente intención de engañar. Se  sugiere al lector eliminar las connotaciones morales que generalmente tiene el término mentira y examinar las descripciones expuestas en este trabajo con la imparcialidad que requiere un fenómeno social no estudiado.
DATOS SOCIO-ECONÓMICOS Y CULTURALES SOBRE UNA COMUNIDAD ESMERALDEÑA
Authors: Heinzmann Harald
Published: June 2021

La investigación, base de este pequeño estudio, se realizó dentro del programa de investigaciones del Centro Interamericano de Artesanías y Artes Populares, en un período de 4 semanas, en los meses de Noviembre yDiciembre de 1983. 

El trabajo se realizó en un ambiente de confianza, gracias a la franqueza natural de los moradores de Same, que facilitó las relaciones amistosas con los investigadores. Así mismo se contó con el apoyo oficial de las autoridades provinciales y locales.

En una reunión inicial, a la que concurrieron la mayoría de los pobladores del recinto, se les habló de los objetivos de nuestra presencia en el lugar; es decir del estudio que se iba a realizar. Se les solicitó su colaboración y la ofrecieron de buen grado.
LA ANTROPOLOGIA CULTURAL: EL HUMANISMO DEL SIGLO XXI
Authors: Malo-Gonzalez Claudio
Published: June 2021

Platón afirmó que la curiosidad es el principal motor de la Filosofía que en aquellos tiempos incluía a todas las ciencias. Si a diferencia de los demás integrantes del reino animal la realidad física y humana nos plantea interrogantes con el consiguiente deseo de despejar esas incógnitas, las respuestas acumuladas y ordenadas sistemáticamente, tienden a situarnos en un entorno significativo y a encontrar algún sentido a nuestra existencia. Todos los pueblos del mundo así han actuado y, sobrepasando respuestas individuales a problemas personales, se han elaborado sistemas más o menos coherentes aceptados por la colectividad a cerca de sus orígenes y destinos colectivos.
SAL/MANTECA/PANELA:
Authors: Hirschkind Lynn
Published: June 2021

En este ensayo analizo la alimentación al ganado con bolas de sal, manteca y azúcar morena como se lo hace en la región andina del sur del Ecuador. Estas bolas proporcionan satisfacciones nutritivas al ganado y satisfacciones conceptuales a sus dueños. Se cree que los animales domésticos comparten con los seres humanos muchas características, necesidades y deseos. La extensión metafórica de estas peculiaridades al ganado responde no solo a propósitos cognocitivos sino también pragmáticos y de manejo de las incertidumbres en un entorno agrario incierto y precario.
DEMOCRACIA Y GÉNERO
Authors: Ullauri Donoso Narcisa , Riera Jéssica
Published: June 2021

Este artículo pretende analizar la participación de la mujer en la construcción del Estado nación, el proceso de desarrollo que la mujer ha tenido que librar para conseguirel derecho al voto.La coyuntura entre los hechos y las protagonistas ayudan a la participación femenina en democracia en el Ecuador, hecho que se va consolidando en la historiapolítica ecuatoriana y en especial en estos 187 años de vida republicana.Las actoras reconocidas y las mujeres desconocidas forman parte de la construcción de una democracia, que con el derecho al voto y la oportunidad de elegir y serelegidas se consolida.Palabras clave: voto, género, paridad, equidad, sufragio, constitución.
LA ESENCIA ANTAGÓNICA ENTRE EL DESARROLLO Y EL BUEN VIVIR
Authors: Polo María Cecilia
Published: June 2021

Desarrollo y Buen Vivir son antagónicos. El desarrollo surge como estrategia capitalista para enfrentar una crisis sistémica en América Latina. Históricamente ha generado explotación, control político del continente y ecocidio. Su mayor fortaleza radica en que se convierte en ideología de control social.El Sumak Alli Kausay corresponde a la cosmovisión kichwa, de cuidado, producción y reproducción de la vida del todo, en torno de la filialidad sagrada, con la tierra y la fraternidad entre todos los seres. Es una noción alternativa al desarrollo y al capitalismo. Por su principio  filosófico relacional es convergente y abierto al encuentro intercultural con las filosofías y prácticas del Buen Vivir de otras culturas ancestrales de Abya Yala y del mundo y con las nuevas teorías y emprendimientos anti-sistémicos.Palabras clave: Buen vivir, desarrollo, ecocidio, relacionalidad.
4 Plataforma estadística de variables atmosféricas con la aplicación de las normas TULSMA en el cantón Cuenca.
Authors: Sellers Walden Chester , Cabrera Lituma Alexandra
Published: June 2021

La contaminación del aire afecta a la salud de los seres humanos, por lo que es fundamental conocer su estado y presentarlo a la ciudadanía. Se necesita de una herramienta de gestión ambiental para la toma de decisiones en beneficio de la comunidad. Este proyecto presenta una plataforma web para el análisis estadístico de variables atmosféricas registradas en la estación de monitoreo automático de la EMOV-EP. El estudio incluye el nivel de la calidad del aire, tablas y gráficos estadísticos de este comportamiento, los mismos que se basan en la normas del Texto Unificado de Legislación Ambiental Secundaria (TULSMA).

Palabras clave: Calidad del aire, contaminación atmosférica, TULSMA, plataforma web, variables meteorológicas.

AbstractAir pollution affects the health of human beings so it is essential to know its status and present it to the public. An environmental management tool is needed to make decisions for the  enefit of the community. This project presents a web platform for the statistical analysis of atmospheric variables recorded in EMOV EP’s automatic monitoring station. The study includes air quality level, tables and statistical graphs of this behavior, which are based on the regulations of the Unified Text of Secondary Environmental Legislation (TULSMA).

Keywords: Air quality, air pollution, TULSMA, webplatform, meteorological variables.
EL ÁMBITO DEL DISEÑADOR PROFESIONAL
Authors: Jaramillo-Porras Eduardo
Published: June 2021

El análisis del entorno socioeconómico y productivo de la región permitió a la Universidad identificar la necesidad de desarrollar un programa de formación profesional, orientado a capacitar recursos humanos para apoyar técnicamente las actividades industriales, pequeña industria y artesanía, para lo cual funda en 1982 la Escuela de Diseño con un plan curricular que se halla en vigencia y responde a las necesidades y características del perfil productivo del norte del país.
SEMINARIO PENSAMIENTO NACIONAL SOBRE LA DE UNIVERSIDAD
Authors: Jaramillo-Paredes Diego
Published: June 2021

Para avivar este debate, permanente e inacabable, la Universidad del Azuay, retomando la iniciativa de Alfonso Borrero, ha creado el Simposio Permanente de Pensamiento sobre la Universidad como un espacio abierto en el cual la Universidad se piensa a sí misma y en el que se propicia el debate del pensamiento sobre ella, desde una perspectiva teórica y con especial énfasis en América Latina.
Discurso de orden por los 50 Años de la Universidad del Azuay
Authors: Salgado-Arteaga Francisco
Published: June 2021

Al celebrar nuestro cincuentenario como Universidad del Azuay, como comunidad vital en la que fuiste nuestro Canciller, nuestro inolvidable profesor y amigo, nos llenamos de alegría, con la abundancia de tu amor y de tu palabra, para honrar tu memoria y tu recuerdo en el acto de exordio en esta sesión solemne, pues la Universidad requiere de tu verbo que esté presente cuestionándolo todo, alentándonos todo...

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UNIVERSIDAD, SEDE DE LA RAZÓN
Authors: Malo-González Hernán
Published: June 2021

Hay dos conceptos, en torno a los cuales debe girar este artículo: el de universidad y el de razón. El acuerdo sobre ellos puede volverse tanto más problemático, cuanto que va a surgir o puede  surgir la discusión entre personas que, al representar visiones de la realidad no afines, posiblemente están dando contenidos muy diversos a términos idénticos. 

He querido subrayar esto, para dejaren claro lo inevitable de cierta parcialidad, que puede revestir mi escrito, para justificar la explicación, que voy a hacer de los términos mencionados arriba, explicación que para varios puede ser hipótesis discutible; para en fin recalcar desde el primer momento la gran aporía del quehacer universitario en cuanto diálogo o dialéctica de la razón.
LA UNIVERSIDAD: SEDE DE LA RAZÓN
Authors: Rojas-Reyes Carlos
Published: June 2021

Hernán Malo establece una relación estrecha entre razón y Universidad. Sin lugar a dudas, en este momento se establece una ligazón entre la resolución teorética de la crisis de la razón y la práctica, uniéndose ambas en un solo movimiento.
RETOS DE LAS UNIVERSIDADES CATÓLICAS ECUATORIANAS ANTE LA TRANSFORMACIÓN DE LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR EN EL ECUADOR
Authors: Ponce-León Fernando
Published: June 2021

En la sociedad contemporánea el conocimiento es un bien decisivo. Pero este bien ha sido utilizado de muchas maneras, no siempre para la conservación de la vida en el planeta. Es una responsabilidad de las universidades el reconectar conocimiento y vida.

Las universidades católicas tienen mucho que aportar en este sentido, mediante una oferta educativa con determinadas características. El presente artículo sintetiza el pensamiento católico sobre conocimiento y educación superior en seis tesis. A continuación presenta tres conclusiones para el compromiso de las universidades católicas en el Ecuador, que se pueden resumir así: a) la consideración del desarrollo integral y sostenible como horizonte de sentido para la educación superior y sus tres funciones sustantivas; b) la comprensión del conocimiento como un bien público y de la educación superior como un derecho y deber de la sociedad civil, un servicio tanto estatal como civil, al tiempo que se defiende la diversidad de ofertas de sentido en educación, porque diversa es la sociedad ecuatoriana; c) la inclusión educativa como dinámica que reúne calidad y acceso democrático a la educación superior.

Palabras clave:

Universidad católica, conocimiento, bien público, educación superior.

 

ABSTRACT

In contemporary society, knowledge is a fundamental good. But this good has been used in many ways, not always for the conservation of life on the planet. It is the responsibility of universities to reconnect knowledge and life. Catholic universities have much to contribute in this regard through educational opportunities with certain characteristics. This article synthesizes Catholic thought on knowledge and higher education in six concepts. The following are three conclusions regarding the commitment of Catholic universities in Ecuador. These can be summarized as follows: a) the consideration of integral and sustainable development as a framework for constructing meaning for higher education and its three substantive functions. b) The understanding of knowledge as a public good, and of higher education as a right and responsibility of civil society; a service from both the stateand civil society, while defending the diversityof opportunities of meaning in education because the Ecuadorian society is diverse. c) Educational inclusion as a dynamic that brings quality and democratic access to higher education.

 

Keywords:

catholic university, knowledge, public good, higher education
EL MODELO EDUCATIVO DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DEL AZUAY
Authors: Salgado_Arteaga Francisco , Cobos-Cali Martha
Published: June 2021

La educación superior significa formar y dignificar al ser humano en lo superior y para lo superior. Formar en lo superior implica contribuir al aprendizaje significativo con lo mejor del conocimiento y métodos científicos. Formar para lo superior supone una formación para el ejercicio de la ciudadanía con ética y estética: para hacer el bien con sensibilidad profunda. 

La universidad es la sede de la razón y del corazón. La universidad está para el ejercicio de la razón sustantiva, aquella que permite entregarse con reciprocidad al servicio del otro y compartir con alegría el aprendizaje, la investigación y el servicio, por encima del cálculo utilitario de consecuencias, característica, esta, de la razón instrumental. A la razón debe complementarse el símbolo del corazón, la sensibilidad para hacer del campus un espacio de encuentro con uno mismo y con los otros. El modelo educativo de la Universidad del Azuay es de carácter humanista, de espíritu tolerante, abierto, flexible y libre, puesto al servicio de los demás.
What is a Good Way to Visualize the Positive Correlation between Two Numerical Variables?
Authors: Nugroho Heru Santoso Wahito , Polnok Sanglar , Auta Tanko Titus , Dalle Ambo , Bahtiar Bahtiar , Selasa Pius , Hardjito Koekoeh , Badi’ah Atik , Onggang Fransiskus Salesius , Suiraoka I Putu
Published: June 2021

Most of the results of correlation analysis between variables are not equipped with visualization, so it is deemed necessary to explain how best to visualize the results of correlation analysis, especially for numerical variables. In this case, the best way to present correlations between numerical variables is a scatter diagram. If the points on the diagram are closer to the straight line, the higher the correlation coefficient, meaning that the degree of correlation is getting stronger. In this case, the positive correlation is indicated by the line from the lower left to the upper right. This visualization helps clarify the reader's understanding of the results of the correlation analysis, as well as being a valuable lesson for their similar research projects.

Keywords: positive correlation; correlation coefficient; visualization; scatter diagram
Main directions of greening of agro-industrial complex
Authors: Krasnoperova E. A. , Karmatskikh Yu. A.
Published: June 2021

Agriculture and the agro-industrial complex as a whole are the most important components of the world economy. The volume of production and consumption of products, their quality and availability characterize the standard of living of the population. Of course, these indicators are not the only ones, but they are the leading elements of the country’s food security, health and well-being of its population. It is only in recent years that food quality has become a priority in developed countries. Agricultural production technologies have changed signifi cantly since the mid-twentieth century. The same applies to Russia. Plowing of virgin and fallow lands in Siberia, the Southern Urals and the Far East reduced the area of haymaking and pasture lands, more than 25 million hectares of fallow land were plowed. On the other hand, the increase in livestock numbers increased the burden on pasture lands, which did not always cope with the restoration of land fertility. As a result, many valuable forage grasses have disappeared and less productive and poisonous plants have spread. The purpose of the work was to consider the main directions of greening the agro-industrial complex in the Chelyabinsk region. The causes, consequences and features of greening the agro-industrial complex have been analyzed in the article. It was found as a result of the conducted observations that the problem of greening the agroindustrial complex has become more acute in the last 50–60 years and is a consequence of not always justifi ed decisions of economic activity. This aff ected the greening of agriculture: soil, water sources and air pools. The deterioration of the environmental situation in the Chelyabinsk region as a whole and also in agriculture, almost all industries and vehicles participated. The issues of the ecology in agriculture and the agro-industrial complex are directly related to the quality of food, the state of health and working capacity of citizens.
Increase the productivity of animals and poultry when use non-traditional feed and mineral additives
Authors: Lushnikov N. A. , Kostomakhin N. M.
Published: June 2021

The possibilities of increasing the productivity of animals and poultry when using an additive containing selenium, rapeseed cake and a complex mineral additive have been studied. Adding to the feed of selenium-containing drug “Carasel” enhanced the digestibility of nutrients, increase of erythrocytes, hemoglobin in the blood, yield of certifi ed goslings, and profi tability. The digestibility of dry and organic matter has increased by 0,46–1,14 %, protein – up to 5,15 %. Depending on the dose of the additive the digestibility of raw fi ber, raw fat, and nitrogen-free extractive substances were higher. Certifi ed goslings have been received 19–22 % more. The inclusion of rapeseed cake of Siberian selection in compound feed when rearing goslings had a positive eff ect on the growth of live weight, the output of the gutted carcass. Goslings of the 1st experimental group exceeded the live weight of goslings of the control group by 3,4 %, and the 2nd experimental group by 6,1 %. The weight of the semi-gutted carcass was higher in the experimental groups receiving rapeseed presscake and rapeseed presscake in combination with rapeseed oil, and exceeded the weight of carcasses of the control group by 298,22 and 388,48 g (P ≤ 0,001), respectively. The weight of gutted carcasses was also significantly higher in the experimental groups. A complex mineral additive in the ration of steers of Hereford breed contributed to the increase in their live weight at the age of 15 months, slaughter yield, profitability of production and improvement of beef quality. The pre-slaughter weight of steers in the experimental group was 465,67 kg and was by 19,0 kg or 4,25 % more than that of steers in the control group (P ≤ 0,001). Studies have shown that the carcass weight was higher in the experimental group than in the control group by 12,09 kg or 4,39 % (P ≤ 0,001). The slaughter yield was 1,08 % higher. Economic evaluation of the use of feed additive in the experiment in the steers of Hereford breed has shown that the use of the developed mineral feed additives contributed to the increase in live weight of steers and the profi tability of production. The level of profitability in the group of steers experimental group receiving comprehensive mineral additive amounted to 13,80 % in comparison with the control group where it was equal to 9,40 %.
Definition of probability of refusal and average actual resource of details of cars at substandard value of an intercontrol operating time
Authors: Solomashkin A. A.
Published: June 2021

The offered technique of defi nition of probability of refusal of a detail of the car and its average actual resource, allows to define values of these parameters not only at the standard intercontrol operating time established in the specifications and technical documentation, but also taking into account a casual deviation of their specification caused by real service conditions of the car.
Describes how public service innovations on population and civil registration services in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Lestari Asih Widi , Ningtyas Trimurti , Firdausi Firman
Published: June 2021

This article aims to describe the innovation of population services and public services in East Java Province by taking locations in two major cities in East Java Province. Try to identify and explain determine innovations in population services and civil registration in East Java by taking the focus of the object of two cities, namely Surabaya City and Malang City, East Java, Indonesia. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative using three stages, namely observation, interview and documentation. Observations were made by observing the process of population services and civil registration in both cities, while interviews were conducted with officers and stakeholders related to population service innovations and civil registration. documentation is done by collecting data from supporting reports from the service of population and civil registration as well as literature related to the topic. The results have been found that the City of Surabaya and the City of Malang have made innovations in the management of population services and civil registration. The strategy used is almost the same, namely by facilitating services to the community, so that people get easy and fast services in the field of population and civil registration. There are five innovation criteria in population services, namely process innovation, method innovation, product innovation, conceptual innovation and technological innovation.
Проблеми державного регулювання житлово-комунальних послуг в сфері водопостачання та водовідведення в ОТГ
Authors: Bizonych Dmytro
Published: June 2021

Стаття присвячена дослідженню механізмів використання міжнародної технічної допомоги в сфері державного регулювання житлово-комунальних послуг щодо водопостачання та водовідведення на муніципальному рівні, проблемам водо забезпечення та водовідведення в українських реаліях. Проаналізовано стан питної води за регіонами України, акцентовано увагу на важливості забезпечення якісною питною водою та проблемах, внаслідок яких створюється небезпека для здоров’я населення, також визначено основні чинники забруднення вод, в тому числі підземних. Формування осередків забруднення доцільно для створення карти забруднення вод України, розроблено таблицю забруднюючих речовин підземних вод України. Проаналізовані механізми муніципального управління комунальним господарством на рівні ЖКГ. В результаті аналізу автор доходить висновків, що в тих ОТГ, де правильно організовано управління водо забезпеченням, стало цілком можливим утримання самостійно системи водопостачання, без залучення місцевого бюджету та інших ресурсів, тобто такі системи водозабезпечення та раціональне муніципальне управління призвели до того, що системи водопостачання не тільки не вимагають коштів, а часто стають бюджетоутворювальною складовою муніципального управління.
Досліджені системні зрушення внаслідок реформ публічного управління та децентралізації, здобутки в сфері забезпечення якісною питною водою для ОТГ, основні проблемні питання та шляхи їх вирішення, а також процес адаптації позитивного зарубіжного досвіду, визначено провідну роль міжнародної технічної допомоги в цих процесах. Визначено роль міжнародної допомоги в проектах із забезпечення водопостачання та водовідведення в рамках діяльності українсько-швейцарського проекту DESPRO, основні методики та механізми управління проектами в цій сфері.
Цифрова трансформація уряду України, відкриті дані (open data) та електронні послуги
Authors: Bondar Hanna
Published: June 2021

Стаття присвячена аналізу особливостей діяльності та стану реформ в Україні у напрямку цифровізації послуг, їх доступності громадянам, розвитку електронного врядування, забезпечення прозорості відкритих даних. Проаналізовано законодавче і нормативно-правове забезпечення розвитку електронного врядування в напрямку цифрової трансформації уряду. Проаналізовано та систематизовано дані закордонних досліджень щодо електронного врядування. Розкрито особливості реалізації можливостей електронного урядування в Україні під час боротьби з пандемією (COVID-19). Встановлено, що наразі в Україні спостерігається недостатній розвиток ІКТ, має місце обмеженість ресурсів, наявні проблеми пов’язані з цифровою інклюзивністю, конфіденційністю даних і кібербезпекою. Доходимо висновків, що наразі триває процес створення та розвитку національних порталів для автоматизації адміністративних завдань, підвищення доступності державних послуг, сприяння прозорості та підзвітності державного сектору. Цифрова трансформація уряду також логічно пов’язана з трансформацією управління та ціннісними, світоглядними змінами для розробки національної стратегії розвитку країни.
Роль інституту префекта та префектур у системі стримувань і противаг в українському державотворенні
Authors: Zhovnirchyk Yaroslav , Antonova Liudmyla
Published: June 2021

У статті розглядаються питання запровадження префекта як відносно нової посади в українських реаліях, конституційні засади і можливості його функцій та повноважень. Аналізуються основні недоліки у сфері публічного управління, які пов’язані з посадою префекта, особливий акцент зроблено на його ролі в системі стримувань і противаг в українському державотворенні. Розкрито процес становлення та розвитку вітчизняного законодавства щодо питання створення МДА та їх еволюції в історії української держави.
Зосереджено увагу на питанні запровадження посади Представника Президента України і місцевих державних адміністрацій. Розкрито ретроспективну хронологію подій щодо вітчизняної моделі стримування і противаг як системи.
Активна позиція української молоді та прозорість влади як основа розбудови громадянського суспільства в умовах децентралізації
Authors: Kostieva Tetiana
Published: June 2021

У статті розглянуто проблему позорості органів влади місцевого рівня, зниження активності громадян та пасивність молоді до процесу контролю за органами влади. Дослідження вказує, що повна та актуальна інформація на веб-сайті та постійний контакт з жителями, підсилить позитивний імідж громад серед інших громад та усіх зацікавлених у співпраці сторін.
У статті піднімається питання прозорості у Миколаївському районі, де активісти натрапляють на значну кількість супротиву та закритості влади від громадян, пояснюючи це тим, що не варто витрачати час на інформування.
Сучасний світ вимагає кардинально відркитого, інформаційного підходу. Адже процес децентралізації передбачає, що з часом, громади мають забезпечувати себе в усьому самостійно, мають настільки зараз розкрити в громадах потенціал, щоб провідні ресурси були основою для самодостатності.
Розбудова громадянського суспільства, активне залучення до цього процесу молодого покоління є одним із найважливіших завдань суспільного розвитку в Украї ні на її шляху до успішної інтеграції в світову спільноту.
Literary critic: Pandit Gopinatha Nandasharma
Authors: Dash Bijayalaxmi
Published: June 2021

Pandit Gopinath Nandasharma, is a well-known Odia linguist, lexicographer, translator, poet, writer and scholar. Pandit Nanda Sharma is the first Odia dictionary writer who had completed the work for this dictionary in 1903, which was published in 1916. He is known as the Panini of Odia Sahitya. In this paper I emphasized the critical outlook of Pandit Gopinath Nanda Sharma regarding “Sarala Mahabharata written by “sudra muni” Sarala Das, who belongs to the 15th century, is known as the first major poet (the aadi kavi) of Odia literature.
An exploration of the Logic and wisdom behind the Marriage of the Dead
Authors: R Chandrabose
Published: June 2021

Kasargod is the North East district of Kerala and shares a border with Karnataka, ‘Marriage of the dead is a custom among the tribal communities known as Moger and Koppalar. In this paper, the logic behind this practice and the wisdom that civil society should embody from it will be found.
Kashmiri to English Machine Translation: A Study in Translation Divergence Issues of Personal and Possessive Pronouns
Authors: Wani Sajad Hussain
Published: June 2021

Machine translation (MT) as a sub-field of computational linguistics represents one of the most advanced and applied translation dimensions as a research field. Translation divergence occurs when structurally similar sentences of the source language do not translate into sentences that are similar in structure in the target language" (Dorr, 1993). The sophistication in the domain of MT depends mainly on the identification of divergence patterns in a language pair. Many researchers in MT field including Dorr (1990, 1994) have emphasized that the best quality in MT can be achieved when an individual language pair in a particular context is described in detail. This paper attempts to explore the divergence patterns that characterize the translation of Kashmiri pronouns into English. The analysis in this paper has been restricted to the class of personal and possessive pronouns. Kashmiri has rich inflections and pronouns are marked for case, number, tense and gender and show complex agreement patterns. The paper identifies and outlines a wide variety of divergence patterns that characterize the Kashmiri English language pair. These divergence patterns are identified and summarized in order to improve the quality of the MT system that may be developed for Kashmiri English language pair in the near future and can also be utilized for other language pairs that are similar in terms of their structure and typological features.