bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of interpreted machine learning methods for predicting the execution of government contracts in the field of electric power
Authors: Nikitin Petr , Andriyanov Nikita , Bakhtina Elena , Korchagin Sergey , Gorokhova Rimma , Korovin Dmitry , Dolgov Vitaly , Mishin Aleksandr
Published: December 2023

The power industry plays a key role in ensuring the energy security of the state. Sustainable and reliable functioning of the energy system requires the fulfillment of contracts with strictly observed deadlines and quality of work. This article describes an algorithm for selecting methods for interpreting machine learning models, analyzes gradient boosting-based machine learning methods recommended for solving prediction tasks in the field of power engineering, and presents methods for interpreting the results. The authors have achieved good results in training models and determined objective assessments of the contribution of each feature to solving the prediction tasks of contract fulfillment. This research is significant in the context of ensuring the efficiency and transparency of public procurement and can be beneficial for specialists and government bodies responsible for monitoring contract fulfillment in the field of power engineering.
Modeling the thermal state of a strip during laminar cooling
Authors: Koldin Alexandr , Amirov Ruslan , Kharchenko Maksim , Sharafutdinov Danil
Published: December 2023

A local physical and mathematical model of the thermal state of the strip during laminar cooling has been developed. The mathematical model is implemented as a software product. The software product was tested under real production conditions based on a comparison of actual and calculated strip temperatures when passing through the first group of coilers after laminar cooling. The standard deviation (1.15 °C), average relative error (1.6%), relative errors (do not exceed 3.7% or 28 °C) were determined. Calculation criteria confirm the adequacy of the developed mathematical model.
Classifacation of modern superconductors and their theory based on through experiments conducted on Cuprates
Authors: Ahadov Abdullo
Published: December 2023

In this article, the physical nature of the phenomenon of superconductivity, related theoretical information and concepts of modern physics regarding the classification of superconductors are covered. The practical importance of the laws of superconductivity physics determined in cuprate superconductors is explained on the basis of the latest scientific innovations.
Organizational and technological approaches to the reconstruction of municipal infrastructure facilities
Authors: Zilberova Inna , Novoselova Irina , Petrov Konstantin , Mazanov Nikita
Published: December 2023

Housing and public utility services constitute one of the most important sectors of the national economy. Reforming and renewal of the housing and public utility services sector is unthinkable without technological modernization of the utility pipeline networks. At the same time, public utility infrastructure facilities in many cities and towns of Russia can be characterized by significant deterioration. Frequent accidents negatively affect the life support of populated areas, which urges the development of organizational and technological approaches to the reconstruction of municipal infrastructure facilities.
Express-analysis of wastewater using a fibre-optic measuring transducer
Authors: Murashkina Tatiana , Badeev Vladislav , Badeeva Elena
Published: December 2023

The application of optical methods of wastewater quality determination is substantiated, among which the most widespread are refractometric methods based on refractive index measurement. The known methods of wastewater refractive index measurement require considerable hardware and time costs, have low reproducibility of measurement results. The proposed fibre-optic measuring transducer, which implements a new refractometric method, the main elements of which are supply and return optical fibres, between which there is a tube, inside of which there is an analyzed liquid. The application of the proposed measuring transducer contributes to the acceleration of the process of express analysis of wastewater.
Parameters of the extraction of a thin-walled glass made of corrosion-resistant steel 12X18N10T
Authors: Yatsun E.I. , Zubkova O.S. , Zubkov D.A. , Namusokwe B.
Published: December 2023

Methods of metal processing by pressure are one of the most advanced technological methods of manufacturing thin-walled spatial parts. The volumetric stamping methods used ensure high productivity while maintaining product quality. Cold volumetric stamping is one of the main types of metal forming in many branches of mechanical engineering, as it most fully meets the requirements of approximating the shapes and sizes of workpieces to finished parts. Determining the rational technology of the stamping process is a fundamental factor in the development of the production of a new product. Hollow parts with a bottom of the "glass" type are usually obtained by direct or reverse extrusion. The maximum deformation and minimum wall thickness of the part in this case is determined depending on the technological deformability of the workpiece. The design of technological processes of cold volumetric stamping of thin-walled parts of the "glass" type involves solving a number of complex tasks: determination of the stress-strain state; determination of punching forces, loads, etc. The use of traditional methods of designing technological processes of cold volumetric stamping does not always allow us to solve these tasks and ensure the optimal combination of the required quality of the finished part and the minimum time and cost of production. One of the effective approaches to solving these problems is the use of computer-aided design systems based on computer technologies: CAD and SAE systems - software complexes for automated engineering analysis of volumetric stamping processes.
Eliminating lacunae in the timber illegal trafficking and felling investigation (on the practice of the courts of the Zabaikalsky Krai)
Authors: Lebenzon Evgeny , Klebanov Lev
Published: December 2023

The present article explores the relevance of the normative context of crimes related to environmental offences of illegal harvesting. The article reviews the practice of the Zabaikalsky Krai Chita District Court in handling criminal cases of this category, and the report emphasises the need for more effective work of law enforcement agencies in investigating criminal acts in the sphere of illegal harvesting and trafficking of criminally extracted timber. The study aims to involve professional organisations and improve cooperation with relevant stakeholders to address the problem of combating illegal harvesting. Methods: comparative-legal; empirical methods of description interpretation; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic; private-scientific methods: legal-dogmatic and method of interpretation of legal norms. Results: Information on illegal timber turnover, illegal felling and harvesting of forest plantations, and methods of combating the trafficking of forest resources are relevant. This article deals with such vitalissues as illegal timber trafficking, illegal forest felling, and forest plantations. Conclusion: analysing the judicial practice of the courts of the Zabaikalsky Krai in general, having a common border with the People's Republic of China, the article also emphasises the increased social danger associated with these criminal acts and their criminalistic characteristics.
Rural deprivation as a challenge for agricultural sustainability in digital era
Authors: Sadyrtdinov Ruslan
Published: December 2023

Although rural poverty has been declining in recent decades, it remains a predominantly rural phenomenon. However, success in reducing poverty does not always lead to a reduction in social deprivation in rural areas or a narrowing of the gap between urban and rural areas. Inequalities in access to basic services and opportunities continue to be a problem for rural residents. The COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated the plight of vulnerable rural populations, reducing incomes, limiting mobility and threatening livelihoods and food security. Available research suggests that people living in rural areas experience deprivation differently than urban residents. This confirms the continuing income stratification of urban and rural residents. More than 50% of rural households do not have a car. Under the restrictions of the self-isolation regime, this is a significant factor in social isolation. Low incomes and material deprivation do not allow such households to change this situation. Not even all wealthy families have access to high-speed Internet. This may be due to the underdevelopment of high-speed Internet infrastructure.
Innovative solutions for the conservation of natural ecosystems
Authors: Zaripova Rimma , Turluyev Rizvan , Bolotbaev Beslan
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the importance of involving local people in conservation activities. Traditional knowledge and practices can play an important role in the sustainable management of natural resources. By involving local people in decision-making and incentivizing them to conserve nature, a sense of ownership and responsibility for protecting ecosystems can be created. This approach has been particularly successful in community-based conservation initiatives, where local people are actively involved in monitoring and managing protected areas. Another innovative solution is the concept of ecological corridors. These are strips of land that connect fragmented habitats, allowing for the movement of species and the exchange of genetic material. By creating these corridors, conservationists can help prevent isolation of populations and increase their resilience to environmental changes. As the world grapples with the urgent need to protect and restore natural ecosystems, innovative solutions are emerging to address this global challenge. By adopting innovative approaches, we can work towards a more sustainable and resilient future in which natural ecosystems thrive and continue to provide essential services for future generations.
On stability of motion of satellite
Authors: Titova Tatiana
Published: December 2023

In this paper we consider the translational and rotational motion of satellites around the Earth. First, we study the motion of an arrow-type satellite. We consider the system of equations of motion in the first approximation. We consider the linear Hamiltonian systems of differential equations. The Hamiltonian systems arise in transportation problems. We consider the normalization of Hamiltonian matrix. We solve the system of matrix equations to find the generating function of the canonical transformation. We obtain stability criterion in several cases. Further, we study the motion of a spoke-type satellite. We consider eigenvalues of characteristic equation corresponding to the motion equations. We get the normal form of the Hamiltonian matrix. We obtain the stability criterion.
Modeling the behavior of a mobile robot using genetic algorithms in harsh ecological environment
Authors: Zarevich Artem , Oksyuta Maxim , Gusev Pavel , Nechetnyy Nikita
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the behavior of a mobile robot using finite state machine algorithms in order to find a path to a goal and avoid obstacles. After justifying the use of such methods, a standard deterministic finite state machine is analyzed. Next, a theory of Markov chain is applied to this algorithm, as a result of which the finite state machine becomes part of the hidden Markov model. This makes it possible to apply probabilistic methods to planning the robot's behavior. This probabilistic nature of behavior is most promising in harsh ecological environment with unpredictable configurations of obstacles. To compare the efficiency of deterministic and probabilistic finite state machines, we applied a genetic algorithm. In the numerical experiment that we conducted in the Scilab environment, we considered two main types of environments in which a mobile robot can move, in harsh ecological environment, in particular. For each type of environment, we alternately applied each of the specified behavior algorithms. For the genetic algorithm, we used one hundred individuals, which were trained over 1000 generations to find the most optimal path in the complicated environments. As a result, it was found that the deterministic finite state machine algorithm is most promising for movement in the harsh ecological environment, and the probabilistic finite state machine algorithm gives the best result in a complex environment.
Ensuring sustainable development of enterprises based on lean production methodologies and six sigma
Authors: Popov Nikita , Shikov Pavel , Gorlanov Alexei , Stetsura Maksim , Shikov Yuri
Published: December 2023

In the article, themain goals, principles, and methods of Lean Manufacturing are thoroughly examined, taking into account the experience of its implementation in various enterprises and organizations. This analysis is based on scientific publications regarding the implementation of Lean Manufacturing tools and technologies in recent years. The article also analyzes the sustainable development of the main approaches to the combined use of Lean Production technologies and the Six Sigma concept, considering the current economic situation. An example of a successful integration of Lean Manufacturing approaches and the Six Sigma concept is provided.
Simulation of transient friction modes of fluoroplastic seals in hydraulic piston pumps
Authors: Alisin V.V.
Published: December 2023

The article considers the issues associated with the friction of radiation-hardened fluoroplastic on steel in a hydraulic fluid environment during the transition period at the beginning of movement. The friction coefficients are studied when starting from a standstill, at the beginning and in steady motion. Changes in the value of the friction coefficient and changes in the amplitude of oscillation of the friction moment are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the influence of the restart of motion in a friction coupling. Quantitative relationships of tribological properties are established depending on the time of relative sliding of the samples. It is noted that the friction coefficients in different modes are differ a lot, however, the running-in process proceeds quickly and in the practice of operating hydraulic devices, the running-in process of fluoroplastic seals can be ignored
To the diagnostic technique of support-returning devices and of the spring suspension of diesel locomotives
Authors: Ablyalimov O.
Published: December 2023

The developed dynamic calculation schemes for the horizontal and vertical dynamics of the bogie carriages of the TEP70 BS passenger diesel locomotive under an impulsive load on its body are presented. Equations of oscillations of the components of the undercarriage of the specified diesel locomotive are obtained, describing the energy state of the diagnosed system with the subsequent substantiation of the equations of coupled mass oscillations in the horizontal and vertical planes of the diagnosed diesel locomotive using Lagrange equations of the 2nd kind.
Cross-correlation function in the interpretation of potential fields anomalies of strike-slip nature
Authors: Asoskov Artem , Matykina Darya
Published: December 2023

In the study, a comparison of correlation characteristics that can be obtained when analyzing areal geophysical data in COSCAD 3D, GIS INTEGRO software, as well as in custom software with a novel approach, has been conducted. It is proposed to utilize the cross-correlation function for mapping strike-slip deformations while establishing shift parameters. A synthetic model field has been constructed, and calculations have been performed in various software packages, demonstrating the advantages of calculating the cross-correlation function within a sliding window.
Preparation of Apis mellifera carboxymethylchitosan and determination of its molecular weight and degree of acetylation
Authors: Kurbanova Feruza , Djumaeva Mahfuza , Khudoynazarova Gulbahor
Published: December 2023

This article presents the results of obtaining biopolymers of carboxymethyl esters of chitosan from a new promising source - dry dead bees. Dried and crushed deadwood, collected during the spring renewal of the bee colony, was used. The process was carried out under general conditions according to the general method of alkylation. The properties of the resulting carboxymethylchitosans were studied by physicochemical analysis, their molecular weight by viscometry, the degree of mixing by conductometry.
Study of the structure of semi-coke using EPR and NMR spectroscopy methods
Authors: Zakharov Nikita , Popova Anna , Sozinov Sergey , Ismagilov Zinfer
Published: December 2023

The work carried out comprehensive studies of a number of industrial semi-cokes using EPR and NMR methods. Apply of EPR spectroscopy, it was shown that in all the studied semi-cokes there are two types of radical structures, the first of which are low-molecular aromatic radicals.The second type is conjugated polyaromatic structures, in which the unpaired electron is delocalized. Line shape analyzing in EPR spectra, it was found that there are differences in the presented line of isotropic cokes. In this work was shown that EPR is a highly sensitive method that makes it possible to monitor changes in the molecular structure during the production of semi-cokes. The results of the EPR studies obtained in this work are in good agreement with the results of NMR spectroscopy. The results obtained show that changing the composition of the feedstock and technological operations to obtain high-quality anisotropic cokes is impossible without assessing the molecular structure of the intermediate coking products.
Technology of magnetic abrasive polishing of tools for threading in stainless steel products
Authors: Nikiforov I.P.
Published: December 2023

Continuously increasing demands on the accuracy and durability of machine parts make it possible to expand the range of parts that need finishing machining operations. Nowadays, known methods often do not meet the requirements of intensifying metalworking and improving the performance properties of individual stainless steel parts and products, which leads to the search for the development of new methods for the final processing of various surfaces. The destruction of threaded connections operating under dynamic loads leads to emergency and unscheduled stops of machines. The performance properties of threaded connections largely depend on the quality of the faying surface. One of these methods is magnetic abrasive treatment, which is increasingly being used in practice to solve specific technological problems.
Innovate designs of wooden beams for buildings and structures in the arctic zone of Russia
Authors: Veselov V.V.
Published: December 2023

The possibility of using wooden beams for ceilings and coatings in buildings and structures in the Arctic zone of Russia is studied. The innovative developments of wooden beams reinforced by steel elements and composite materials, protected by patents, their advantages, and the peculiarities of the proposed structures are analyzed. The load-carrying capacity calculations of several beam variants according to the existing methods, including the use of calculation complexes, are performed. The main advantages and directions of the rational application of innovative beams in the load-bearing elements of buildings and structures are revealed and confirmed. A comparison of material intensity, the labor intensity of manufacturing, and the reliability of operation of innovative and traditional load-bearing structures have been carried out.
A software platform for constructing a digital twin of the integrated energy system
Authors: Stennikov Valery , Sokolov Dmitry , Barakhtenko Evgeny , Mayorov Gleb
Published: December 2023

An integrated energy system is a complex technical object, digital twin technologies improve the quality of its design and management. The paper proposes a methodological approach to the development of a software platform for constructing a digital twin of the integrated energy system and solving a set of problems that arise during system design and management. The Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) concept is implemented to automate the stages of a digital twin construction based on the platform. A three-level architecture of a network multiuser software system is proposed. An algorithm used for automated construction of a digital twin of the integrated energy system is presented.
Formation of power equipment repair schedules using indicators of planned reliability
Authors: Krupenev Dmitry , Boyarkin Denis , Iakubovskii Dmitrii
Published: December 2023

This article discusses the problem of planning maintenance of power equipment during long-term planning of the operation of electric power systems. Here we propose a mathematical model for the formation of maintenance schedules for power equipment, which takes into account two aspects: the current technical condition of power equipment and maximizing the planned reliability of electric power systems when carrying out maintenance of power equipment. Provided methodology for generating maintenance schedules for power equipment was tested on using the scheme of three reliability zones.
Usage of electric energy storages to increase controllability and reliability of the Belarusian energy system
Authors: Kashyn Mikhail , Novikov Nikolay , Novikov Alexander
Published: December 2023

The paper provides an efficiency assessment of lithiumion energy storage unit installation, in-cluding flattening the consumers daily load curve, reducing electricity losses and regulating voltage at the ESS installation point.
Reliability of heating networks as a factor of sustainable development of thermal power industry
Authors: Akhmetova Irina , Zalyalova Alina , Nurislamova Adelya
Published: December 2023

The reliability of heating networks is the foremost principle for organizing relationships in the field of heat supply, as established by Federal Law. The overall reliability of heat supply across the Russian Federation is declining due to insufficient replacement of aging heating networks. This article explores the potential use of a program document, specifically a heat supply scheme, as a means to justify the allocation of budgetary funds for initiatives aimed at enhancing the reliability of heat supply or transitioning to a “price zone.”.
Model and experimental research of the transient process for the improvement of the traveling wave fault location
Authors: Khuziashev Rustem , Tukhfatullin Iskander , Smirnov Danil , Irkagalieva Iluza
Published: December 2023

The results of modeling of transient signals in a single-wire line are considered. The parameters of voltage and current signals are compared. Signal oscillation’s amplitude and period are given attention. The algorithm for determining the transient signal’s onset time (TSOT) under the conditions of noise and oscillations of the signal’s leading edge is presented. The results of experimentally recorded signals’ analyses are given.
Resource modeling to provide the “flexibility” of the power system in its low-carbon redevelopment
Authors: Alikin Ruslan
Published: December 2023

Initiatives to combat climate change imply the decarbonization of the economy. Transport and energy are the most promising sectors in terms of decarbonization’s technological feasibility. However, the decarbonization of these sectors may cause several problems in terms of the sustainability of the energy system. This is because electric transport creates additional atypical demand in the energy system, while non-carbon energy sources such as nuclear power plants and renewable energy sources have generation limited by maneuverability characteristics or weather conditions. To avoid significant consequences from imbalances between demand and supply, before implementing decarbonization projects, it is necessary to conduct modeling of the energy system’s flexibility. Solving such a task requires specialized modeling tools - optimization models of intra-annual commercial dispatching of generating and storage capacities. This article addresses critical requirements for a modeling tool, various applicable modeling approaches, and software options. The article also presents the results of modeling the conditions for balancing supply and demand in the UES of Russia at the level of 2050, considering a high level of transportation electrification and covering additional demand through various generation technologies, including carbon-neutral ones.
Application of bang-bang control for frequency control in grids with high number of power electronics devices
Authors: Khamisov Oleg , Idrisov Ildar , Vasilev Stepan
Published: December 2023

Frequency control is one of the key aspects connected with usage of power electronic devices. On the one hand, replacement of synchronous generation with power electronic interfaces removes kinetic energy of rotor’s rotating mass, making system dynamics more volatile. On the other hand, fast response to control signals calls for a shift control paradigm. In this work a bang-bang primary frequency control is proposed. Its effectiveness is supported by both theoretical results and detailed numerical experiments.
Device for reducing asymmetry
Authors: Usmanov Eldor , Kholikhmatov Bakhriddin , Rikhsitillaev Bakhodir , Nimatov Kamoliddin
Published: December 2023

This article focuses on the development and analysis of a device designed to reduce voltage asymmetry in electrical systems. Voltage asymmetry can lead to negative consequences, such as equipment overloads, increased energy losses, and unstable power supply. The article discusses the fundamental principles of the device, its components, and control methods to achieve an optimal level of voltage symmetry. The presented research results emphasize the device’s effectiveness in improving the quality of power supply and ensuring the stable operation of electrical grids.
Control of modes of energy-saving vibro-drying devices
Authors: Sultonova S.A. , Saparov Dj.E. , Mambetsheripova A.A. , Usenov A.B. , Alimova D.Q.
Published: December 2023

This paper proposes a method for optimizing the drying process of pectin hydrolyzate in the vibrofluidized bed of inert material, which allows to determine the values of the parameters of the regime at which the drying process continues with minimal costs for thermal and heat. It is based on the experimentally obtained relationship between the specific productivity of the drying equipment and the following parameters of the drying process: air movement speed in the drying chamber, initial air temperature, specific load depending on the drying area, gas distribution network , the initial concentration of dry matter. A complex criterion for the optimization of the vibrofluidized drying process has been developed, its minimization allows to increase the efficiency of the drying process. Restrictions on the ranges of changing the parameters of the drying process have been developed.
Development of a mathematical model for the analysis of different load modes of operation of induction motors
Authors: Mirzaev Uchkun , Abdullaev Elnur , Kholdarov Botir , Mamatkulov Bakhodir , Mustafoev Abduvokhid
Published: December 2023

This paper explores the conditions for creating and using mathematical models for the analysis of various modes of operation of the load of induction motors. Widely used in industrial plants, these motors play an important role in the world’s energy consumption. Improving their energy efficiency is essential to reduce energy consumption, waste and improve sustainability. The paper also provides information on the introduction of modern mathematical models for accurate analysis and optimization of energy saving modes in asynchronous motors.
History of tectonic development of the southeastern part of the Turan plate
Authors: Zokirov Ravshan , Khalismatov Irmukhamat , Zakirova Feruza , Bakhtiyorov Oybek , Kasimova Guzal
Published: December 2023

The history of the tectonic development of the territory of the Turan Plate in the pre-Jurassic and Lower-Middle Jurassic times is considered. The development of stages of rifting on the territory of the Amudarya syneclise is analyzed. The structural elements of the rift are examined. The tectonic development of the eastern part of the Turanian plate in Neogene-Anthropocene time is analyzed in more detail. Its large structural elements are substantiated with detailed descriptions of its characteristic features.
Heat-pump system on natural refrigerant CO2
Authors: Karimov Kudrat , Karabayev Asatilla , Nurmatov Taxir , Norkhujayev Abdullakhuja , Abdullayev Mirolim
Published: December 2023

Modern science is closely dealing with conservation of non-renewable resources and development of systems capable of converting the energy of inexhaustible sources – the sun, air, earth, water – into resources for human life activity, such as heating and water supply. Active introduction of new methods takes place in all civilized countries of the world. One of the modern devices that allow to consume heat and hot water with minimal energy consumption is a heat pump. The study and analysis of a heat pump system using pure refrigerant CO2 (R744) is of both scientific and wide practical interest.
Textile process and electrical equipment used in the development and production of the textile industry in Uzbekistan
Authors: Rakhmonov Ikromjon , Toirov Mukhammadkhon , Obidov Kamoliddin , Uzakov Navruz
Published: December 2023

The article identifies ways to increase energy efficiency in textile industry. The power consumption modes of the electrical process devices involved in the technological processes were analyzed and the most efficient operating modes were identified. In addition, the technological process in the textile industrial enterprise was analyzed, adapted to the consumption of the most electricity, and the sequence of energy consumption was compiled and analyzed.
Intellectual measurement of electrical energy consumption - monitoring device and software
Authors: Mirzoyev Narzullo
Published: December 2023

The article presents the principle scheme and software of the intelligent measurement - controldevice that allows determining the efficiency of electricity consumption and the energy efficiency of electrical devices. Mathematical expressions and calibration coefficients of the device for measuringelectrical quantities were calculated. Electronic devices for converting and amplifying analog signals todigital signals were selected and their communication circuits with Arduino microcontroller weredeveloped. Based on the C++ programming language, the software that integrates with the device has beendeveloped. The software determines the efficiency indicators of electricity consumption on 4 interfaces atthe same time. Based on this software tool and device, it was possible to create a control system based oncloud technologies, which allows determining the energy efficiency indicators of a certain area. At the same time Algorithm of the program of regulation of fuel energy resources for the measurement and control system of the efficiency of electric power consumption, and, The Cloud Meters model of the electricity consumption efficiency measurement and monitoring system has been developed.
Modern technologies of calibration with measuring devices of electrical quantities
Authors: Boboyev Gaybulla , Mirpayzieva Gulnoza
Published: December 2023

Despite the ever-increasing demand for metrological services which was the increase the number of measuring instruments in use, the system of transmission of the unit of physical quantity has not undergone significant changes. As a result, today we have an inefficient system that does not meet the needs of the market. Improving the system of physical quantity transmission is an urgent task. Metrology institutes of many foreign countries offer the concept of remote calibration, the use of which it was previously impossible due to the low level of development of programmable measuring devices. The article provides general information about the use of the proposed technology in metrology institutes of foreign countries.
Analysis of metrological supply problems in electricity generation
Authors: Boboyev Gaybulla , Mirshomilova Мuborak
Published: December 2023

In this article, the data on metrological supply issues of electric energy and production enterprises and laboratories in modern economic conditions are analyzed. Methods of choosing a measuring instrument and reducing errors are analyzed and recommendations are given.
Methods for optimal placement of PMU devices to assess the stability of the Azerbaijan power system
Authors: Yusifbayli Nurali , Nasibov Valeh , Suleymanov Kamran
Published: December 2023

This article discusses the method of integer linear programming, a method based on estimating the rate of change in operating conditions when conditions become more complex or disturbances occur. In the first method, the criterion for placing PMUs in the energy system of Azerbaijan is to ensure full observability; the second method examines the rate of change in the relative angles of synchronous generators under large disturbances. Based on the obtained parameters, weak nodes are identified where it is necessary to install PMU devices.
Morphology of the testes of animals during estrogen injection in the prenatal period
Authors: Sulaimanova Rimma , Kvochko Andrey , Askhabova Eliza
Published: December 2023

The aim of the study was to investigate the morphological changes in the testes of the offspring of white non-pedigreed laboratory mice when the synthetic oestrogen analogue synestrol was prenatally injected to the mother. After fertilization, the females were divided into 2 groups which received a single intramuscular injection of the synthetic oestrogen analogue synestrol on day E 11.5 of gestation at the same time of the day. The intact group was not exposed to any treatment. The experimental group was exposed to synestrol, a synthetic oestrogen analogue, as a 2% oil solution at a dose of 40 µg/kg (C-40). The results of morphometric analysis of testes of descendants of white outbred laboratory mice after prenatal single injection of synthetic oestrogen analogue synestrol in a dose of 40 µg/kg showed morphological changes in the organ parenchyma, manifested as decrease in mean number of Sertoli cells (C-40) 17.4±1.1 compared to intact group 20.8±1.9; decrease in mean number of spermatogonia (C-40) 24.4±1.1 compared to intact group, decrease in mean number of spermatozoa (C-40) 178.0±4.2 compared to intact group 196.6±5.3. There was observed a change in the endocrine apparatus of testes, expressed as a decrease in the mean area of Leydig cell nuclei in the intact group of 6,72±1,78. Prenatal effects of synestrol revealed in an experimental model, allow us to use it to search for means of postnatal developmental testicular dysfunction correction as well as to develop optimal doses of oestrogenic preparations during pregnancy.
Slaughter qualities and by-product yield in Limousin bull calves of different genotypes
Authors: Sedykh Tatyana , Subhankulov Niyaz , Ppresnyakova Asia , Gizatullin Rinat , Kosilov Vladimir
Published: December 2023

The study aimed to provide a comparative analysis of post- slaughter performance and by-product yield obtained from purebred Limousin bull calves of different genotypes. The purposes of the study were to fatten bull calves, offspring of mothers of different origin, as well as carcasses and by-products obtained as a result of their control slaughter. The bull calves were raised according to the technology of beef cattle breeding with elements of resource saving. The control slaughter of the bull calves was carried out when they reached the required meat condition at the age of 18 months. In the course of the research, it was established that the bull calves obtained from mothers of French selection significantly exceeded (p˂0.01) the peers obtained from mothers of Australian origin in live pre- slaughter weight of 34.6 kg (6.5%), in carcass weight of 30.8 kg (9.8%); in slaughter weight of 30,6 kg (9.4%). Bulls derived from local selection mothers had significantly (p˂0.05) higher slaughter weight by 16.3 kg (4.4%) compared to peers whose mothers were of Australian origin. Significant differences between groups in weight and yield of byproducts were not revealed; however, there was a tendency to increase the weight of organs in the groups of animals with high preslaughter live weight (bull calves of the first and third experimental groups). Based on the obtained data, it can be assumed that breeding of the ancestors of the studied animals for a long period of time under conditions of different breeding, housing and feeding technologies influences the meat qualities of carcasses obtained by their offspring, Limousin bull calves, which are descendants of mothers of different origin.
Combined tool for improving arid pastures
Authors: Ergashev I. T. , Tashtemirov B. R. , Islomov Y. I. , Namazov F. A. , Akramov A.
Published: December 2023

In this article, the state and the main factors leading to the degradation of pastures of Uzbekistan are considered. To solve this problem, the technology and planting scheme are proposed, and a constructive scheme of combined soil-processing and planting tool for its implementation is developed.
Some biological characteristics of Simmental bulls of different production types
Authors: Sadikova Ch.S. , Siddikov I.N. , Akhtamova M.T. , Mengliyev A.S.
Published: December 2023

The article presents data on growth, clinical and blood morphological indicators of Simmental bulls of different production types, as well as heat resistance index. The live weight of intensively bred bulls was 480-520 kg at 18 months, and the live weight of meat-milk type bulls was 29.5 kg (5.8%) more than their peers of milk-meat type. Also, bulls of this type had higher growth rates in all breeding periods. Clinical, hematological and heat resistance indicators of Simmental breed bulls are at the standard level, which indicates that they are well adapted to local climate conditions. Key words: Simmental breed, production types, live weight, growth, development, respiratory movements, pulse, body movement, erythrocytes, leukocytes, hemoglobin, heat resistance index.
Modeling of logging machine stability operating with a vertically held tree
Authors: Lastochkin Denis , Medyakov Andrey , Anisimov Pavel , Semenov Konstantin
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of mathematical modeling of the stability of a logging machine with a vertically held tree when it is removed from the canopy of the forest. The calculation schemes for two positions of a vertically held tree are described. The substantiation of the idealization for the calculation schemes of a vertically held tree is given. The dynamic stability equations of a logging machine with a vertically held tree are constructed on the basis of second kind Lagrange equations system. Due to analyze the interrelationships between dynamic parameters and processes of a logging machine with a vertically held tree, motion differential equations were integrated taking into account external influences and initial conditions. Using the MATLAB program, the integration operations of second kind Lagrange equations system were carried out for two cases: 1) The vertical tree is rigidly fixed and repeats the deviations of the logging machine; 2) The tree is perfectly held vertically with any deviations of the logging machine. The input parameters for the calculation were the rigidity of the connections, the parameters of the logging machine, the gripping cutting device (GCD) and the tree. The parameters of the slope of the logging machine were set using the implementation of a Gaussian random process with a given correlation and variance. The dynamic stability study of a logging machine with a vertical tree showed that the ideal tree alignment in a vertical position leads to a decrease in the inertia moment of the system and to a significant decrease in the frequency of angular and linear oscillations compared with a rigidly fixed tree.
Experience of collecting medicinal plants in an ethno-ecological nomadic camp
Authors: Sleptsov Yuri , Neustroeva Anna , Shergina Tuyaara , Kozhurova Alina
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the experience of nomadic ethno-ecological camp for children of Even - indigenous minorities of the North, where in addition to learning their native language, schoolchildren collect medicinal plants. A nomadic camp is a form of organising a temporary children's group in the summer for the education and upbringing of children. The creation of nomadic conditions, in-depth study of the native language in natural life conditions in the process of labour and traditional way of life, familiarisation with folk traditions, customs and rituals, transmission of ethnic culture values, study of the toponymy of the native land - all this constitutes a substantial system of pedagogical conditions, the aim and objectives of the nomadic camp's activities.
Biomonitoring of silage microbial community dynamics under the influence of microbial strains application
Authors: Ilina L. A. , Filippova V. A. , Yildirim E. A. , Laptev G. Yu. , Ponomareva E. S. , Dubrovin A. V. , Kalitkina K. A. , Sklyarov S. P.
Published: December 2023

Silage is one of the most common feedstuffs used in modern dairy and beef farms, but silage quality is often measured without assessing the presence of pathogens. However, poorly prepared or contaminated silage can contain pathogens that reduce animal performance, cause bovine disease, and pose a threat to human health. The aim of this study was to analyse changes in the diversity of the silage microbial community during the ensiling process and to evaluate the effectiveness of two strains of promising microorganisms for use as inoculants. As a result of the study, it was shown that epiphytic microbiota has less potential to rapidly create and, most importantly, maintain high acidity conditions. The highest proportion of lactic acid bacteria was found in the variants with the introduction of strains of Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis at almost all stages of ensiling, indicating that the ensiling process was proceeding correctly in these variants. The lowest number of bacteria belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family was found in the variant with the L. plantarum strain. Some microorganisms were detected in the silage, including mammalian pathogens: representatives of the genera Staphylococcus, Erysipelothrix, and Fusobacterium.
Saline fertility of fallow land massifs in the steppe zone of the Omsk Priirtyshye region
Authors: Azarenko Yulia
Published: December 2023

Information on the properties of unused solonetz on deposits is necessary for studying the processes of their evolution, solving the issues of rational use of agricultural lands, and establishing the possibility of their reintroduction into agricultural turnover. The aim of the research was to study the fertility indicators of solonetz (Gleyic Solonetz) in the steppe zone of Omsk Priirtyshye, which are in the post-agrogenic stage of development. The research was carried out in Cherlak district of Omsk region (south of Western Siberia) on three fallow massifs with the age of less than 10 years; 10-20 years and more than 20 years. A field survey of soil cover and soil analyses were carried out. As a research result, it was established that fallow massifs are represented by the meadow-chernozem solonetz and the chernozem-meadow columnar solonetz of different types with low fertility. The unfavourable properties of solonetz were expressed physical solonetization, high density of illuvial horizons, low porosity, and unfavourable composition of exchange-absorbed cations, alkaline and strongly alkaline environment in the middle and lower parts of profiles, which are aggravated by arid conditions of steppe landscapes. Reintroduction of solonetz into agricultural turnover can be allowed only on arrays with predominance of medium and deep solonetz for cultivation of solonetz-resistant crops under moisture-saving technologies, no-tillage reclamation treatments, and chemical reclamation in the future.
Predictive assessment of damage to vegetation at the Krapivinsky reservoir and directions for its minimisation
Authors: Kalacheva Irina , Fedulova Elena , Rada Artem
Published: December 2023

The Krapivinsky hydroelectric complex is a project that was a complex of more than 40 events. Their full-scale implementation could prevent those environmental problems that are especially acute for Kuzbass today. The production of electricity at the Krapivinsky HPS was supposed to be an incidental process accompanying the environmental project to a greater extent. However, in order to make a decision on the future fate of this object, it is necessary to assess the impact on the environment, including flora within the territorial boundaries of the Krapivinsky reservoir, assessing the possible damage to vegetation in the water protection zone and in the flood zone. This is especially true for rare plant species listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation and the Kemerovo region - Kuzbass. For this purpose, an analysis of the vegetation on the territory of the object under consideration was carried out, the species of the presented plants were studied and examined, it was determined whether they were classified as rare species, and ways were also proposed to minimize possible harmful or irreversible damage to the flora in the zone of the Krapivinsky HPS.
Intensification of cultivation of seedlings of Siberian spruce (Picea obovata Ledeb.) in the Southern Urals
Authors: Sabirzyanov I.G. , Ishbirdina L.M. , Muftakhova S.I. , Achmadullina A.A.
Published: December 2023

The study underscores the vital demand for efficient cultivation of Siberian spruce seedlings in reforestation and land reclamation. It delves into diverse peat substrate types, densities, and nutrient additives, providing insights for optimizing growth. The comprehensive approach involves microbiological preparations and mycorrhiza to enhance seedling development. The recommendation is to use high-density peat, introducing microbiological preparations post-emergence for fostering robust Siberian spruce seedlings. The relevance of the research stems from the high demand for large quantities of planting material in reforestation efforts. Siberian spruce, known for shade tolerance and cold resistance, is a significant carbon accumulator. The paper reports 2023 experiments on peat substrates with varying densities and nutrient additives, emphasizing pre-sowing seed treatment with growth stimulants. Results show increased germination energy and germination on denser and more acidic peat substrates. However, superior biometric indicators at the season's end are observed in seedlings grown on substrates with lower density and additives like a complex of humic acids, salts, mineral fertilizers, trace elements, soil microflora, and mycorrhiza. The proposal advocates using high-density peat (at least 0.6 g/cm3) for growing Siberian spruce seedlings, introducing microbiological preparations post-emergence, and regular fertilizing for enhanced first-year development.