bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deteksi Dini Kanker Serviks Melalui Pemeriksaan IVA Test dan Penyuluhan Kesehatan Reproduksi di Kelurahan Sirandorung
Authors: Tusya'diah Halimah , Nasution Fitriyani , Tanjung Rani Darma Sakti , Devika Loyenita
Published: July 2024

Kanker serviks merupakan kanker kedua yang paling umum terjadi pada perempuan di Indonesia dan 70% perempuan terdiagnosis kanker serviks sudah memasuki stadium lanjut. Tingginya angka kejadian kanker serviks di Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh cakupan skrining yang masih rendah. Hingga tahun 2021, hanya 6,83% perempuan usia 30–50 tahun yang menjalani pemeriksaan skrining dengan metode IVA. Pada tahun 2023, cakupan skrining kanker serviks di Indonesia hanya mencapai 7,02% dari target 70%. Apabila hal tersebut tidak ditangani dengan efektif, maka angka kanker serviks akan terus meningkat dan menyebabkan beban sosio-ekonomi yang besar serta penurunan kualitas hidup individu. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini yaitu untuk mengurangi morbiditas dari penyakit dengan deteksi dini terhadap kasus-kasus yang ditemukan untuk mengetahui kelainan pada leher rahim. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di Posyandu Melati Desa Lingkungan Pasuruan Kelurahan Sirandorung Kecamatan Rantau Utara Kabupaten Labuhanbatu pada tanggal 16 Desember 2023 dengan memberikan penyuluhan dan pemeriksaan IVA pada ibu pasangan usia subur yang berjumlah 34 orang. Pelaksanaan IVA test dilakukan dengan memberikan penyuluhan terlebih dahulu tentang pentingnya skrining atau deteksi dini kanker serviks melalui tes awal yaitu IVA tes. Penyuluhan dilaksanakan dengan menyampaikan materi tentang kanker serviks dengan metode ceramah interaktif dengan menggunakan media penyampaian materi berupa power point. Selanjutnya dilakukan IVA tes sesuai dengan prosedur tindakan. Pelaksanaan IVA tes yang dilakukan membawa banyak manfaat bagi masyarakat kelurahan Sirandorung khusunya bagi ibu pasangan usia subur.
Penyuluhan Fisioterapi dan Pemberian Latihan Fisik pada Kasus Low Back Pain (LBP) Usia 40-60 Tahun di Desa Karang Anyer
Authors: Sulaiman Sulaiman , Batee Fendi Sukur Damai , Gurusinga Ismail Halim , Sihite Felix Arif Septian , Aqila Haeqal Dwi
Published: July 2024

Low Back Pain (LBP) merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang sering dialami masyarakat, termasuk di Desa Karang Anyer, Kabupaten Simalungun. Kondisi ini dapat mengganggu aktivitas sehari-hari dan menurunkan kualitas hidup penderitanya. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya penyuluhan dan pemberian latihan fisik untuk mengurangi keluhan tersebut. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan kepada masyarakat mengenai LBP serta cara pencegahan dan penanganannya melalui fisioterapi dan latihan fisik dengan sasaran pada masyarakat yang mengalami gangguan fisik usia 40-60 tahun. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah penyuluhan interaktif dan pelatihan fisik secara langsung. Penyuluhan diberikan oleh tim fisioterapis yang berpengalaman, meliputi penjelasan tentang penyebab LBP, teknik pencegahan, serta pentingnya menjaga postur tubuh yang baik. Selain itu, dilakukan demonstrasi dan praktik latihan fisik yang sederhana namun efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat sebesar 77,5% sebelumnya hanya 5%. Latihan fisik ini dirancang untuk dapat dilakukan secara mandiri oleh peserta di rumah. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa partisipan mengalami peningkatan pemahaman mengenai LBP dan cara penanganannya. Partisipan juga melaporkan adanya penurunan keluhan nyeri setelah rutin melakukan latihan fisik sebesar 87,5% sebelumnya hanya 25%. Kegiatan penyuluhan dan pemberian latihan fisik ini diharapkan dapat menjadi model pengabdian yang berkelanjutan dan bermanfaat bagi masyarakat dalam mengatasi masalah LBP. Dengan demikian, penyuluhan fisioterapi dan pemberian latihan fisik terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan mengurangi keluhan LBP pada masyarakat Desa Karang Anyer.
FLORA MOSAIC MOTIF ON CASUAL DRESS USING ITAJIME AND ECOPRINT TECHNIQUES
Authors: Febriyanti Afrida Cahya , Asiatun Kapti
Published: July 2024

Flora Mozaik displays the beauty of flowers with six symmetrical petals reinforced by fern leaves, the diversity of round paper mosaics in green color harmony that represents the growth and harmony of nature. The research aims to analyze the market response to fashion products developed through itajime and ecoprint techniques using natural dyes. The research method used in this study is the R&D method with the PPE (Planning, Production, and Evaluation) model to explore floral mosaic motifs on casual dresses using itajime and ecoprint techniques. This R&D research method details the steps in each stage of fashion product development from initial planning to evaluation. The results of the public test showed a positive response from the age group of 19-26 years, towards the fashion products produced through itajime and ecoprint techniques with natural dyes as indicated by the high level of preference (really like and like) of the respondents. This shows that continuous innovation in production technology makes it possible to produce products that are in demand in the market, and the results of the public testing confirmed strong acceptance among the subjects.
STRATEGI PERTAHANAN AUSTRALIA SEBAGAI NEGARA KEKUATAN MENENGAH DI INDO-PASIFIK
Authors: Indrawan Jerry , Purnama Niko Jati
Published: July 2024

Sebagai salah satu kawasan yang dianggap sebagai “arena pertempuran” baru bagi Amerika Serikat dan China, kawasan Indo-Pasifik pada saat ini menjadi salah satu bahasan menarik karena menjadi salah satu konstruksi baru keadaan sistem internasional di era kontemporer. Dalam konteks itu, Australia sebagai negara kekuatan menengah, memiliki peranan signifikan dalam dinamika yang terjadi di kawasan tersebut. Australia dipercayai dapat menjadi “jembatan” bagi dua kekuatan besar tersebut, termasuk negara-negara sekitarnya. Sebagai negara kekuatan menengah, Australia memiliki kepabilitas pertahanan yang cukup baik. Untuk itu, Australia bisa berperan sebagai stabilizer dan juga legitimizer, sambil tetap berupaya mendukung stabilitas tatanan internasional kontemporer. Salah satunya adalah dengan menjalin aliansi dengan negara-negara sekutu, seperti QUAD dan AUKUS. Objek penelitian adalah strategi pertahanan Australia dan tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk menganalisis bagaimana strategi pertahanan Australia menghadapi ancaman negara-negara di Indo-Pasifik. Teori yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah teori negara menengah. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan berdasar kepada sumber-sumber yang kredibel melalui studi pustaka agar dapat menjelaskan strategi pertahanan Australia di Indo- Pasifik. Analisis data secara dekskriptif adalah proses menyusun dan menggambarkan data secara sistematis untuk memberikan pemahaman mengenai strategi pertahanan Australia.
The Implementation of Wordwall Media to Facilitate Students’ Understanding of The Use of的de，地 De, And 得de in Constructing Simple Mandarin Sentences at Vocational High School
Authors: Nadzifah Hidayatun , Pairin Udjang , Indarti Titik , Laily Ulul
Published: July 2024

Technological advances have influenced various fields, including education, which is now increasingly utilizing learning media to make the learning process easier. The use of learning media can stimulate students to think, feel, and increase their interest and attention through the messages conveyed. In this study, Wordwall digital media was used in languge learning to facilitate students in constructing simple Mandarin sentences. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of Wordwall media on the use of 的 (de), 地 (de), and 得 (de) in constructing simple Mandarin sentences. This research was conducted on class X students at SMK Sunanul Muhtadin Sidayu Gresik using a qualitative descriptive approach. Data was observation, interviews, document collection, and questionnaires via Google Form. The research results show that the use of Wordwall media is very effective in making it easier for students to understand the use of 的 (de), 地 (de), and 得 (de) in constructing simple Mandarin sentences.
HAK WARIS MAFQUD (ORANG HILANG) DAN PENYELESAIAN DENGAN METODE MAUQUF (PENANGGUHAN)
Authors: Muhibbussabry Muhibbussabry
Published: July 2024

In principle, Islamic inheritance law has provided very clear signs related to the determination of heirs and the share received by each heir. However, in the reality of life, there are heirs whose whereabouts and communication with their families are unknown for a very long period of time (mafqud), and in this case the scholars of the madhhab also provide a relatively very long waiting period, so that it becomes a problem in the future when there is a heir who dies and there are heirs who want the inheritance to be distributed immediately without waiting for clarity on the status of one or several other missing heirs (mafqud). This research aims to provide the best solution to the distribution of inheritance that has mafqud heirs in it by using the mauquf method, so as not to cause conflict in the midst of the family. This research uses descriptive analytical method with qualitative approach. Describing the concept of mafqud inheritance, the opinions of the mazhab scholars and the method of calculating the share comprehensively. The results of this study using the mauquf method, all heirs can know their respective shares and the property can be distributed in the time they want, by means of if the missing heir (mafqud) is one person estimated with two conditions, namely still alive and dead. If there are two or more missing heirs, then the problem increases according to the number of missing persons and their circumstances, so that in the case of two missing persons, there are four circumstances. Other heirs can only take the smallest share first if in these circumstances they get a share, otherwise the share is mauqufkan (suspended) until the clarity of the mafqud is known either in reality or hukmi (decided in the religious court by the judge).
Massage effleure terhadap nyeri punggung pada ibu hamil trimester III
Authors: Fauziah Sri , Sugiatini Titin Eka
Published: July 2024

Pada kehamilan akan mengalami perubahan fisik dan sistem dalam tubuh. Selama proses adaptasi tidak jarang ibu akan mengalami ketidaknyamanan, salah satunya adalah nyeri punggung. Meskipun nyeri punggung adalah hal fisiologis namun tetap perlu diberikan suatu penanganan, seperti massage effleure. Tujuannya untuk mengetahui efektivitas massage effleure terhadap nyeri punggung pada ibu hamil trimester III di PMB N Pakuhaji Kabupaten Tangerang tahun 2024. Metode pre-eksperimental desain dengan rancangan one group pretest-posttest design. Sampel penelitian adalah ibu hamil yang telah memasuki kehamilan trimester III (28-40 minggu) yang melakukan kunjungan ke PMB Bd Neng Euis Komala Rizki Pakuhaji Kabupaten Tangerang sebanyak 31 responden dengan teknik total sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan lembar observasi. Data merupakan data primer dianalisis menggunakan uji paired sample t-test. Analisis univariat diketahui nyeri punggung pada ibu hamil trimester III sebelum diberikan massage effleure dengan rata-rata nyeri punggung 4,16, sesudah diberikan massage effleure dengan rata-rata nyeri punggung 1,74. Hasil analisis bivariat terdapat efektivitas massage effleure terhadap nyeri punggung pada ibu hamil trimester III dengan nilai p = 0,000. Adanya efektivitas massage effleure terhadap nyeri punggung pada ibu hamil trimester III dan diperlukan kerja sama dengan tenaga kesehatan dan keluarga dalam melaksanakan teknik massage endorphine untuk mengurangi rasa nyeri yang dirasakan.
Perencanaan keuangan untuk guru sekolah dasar dalam mengelola gaji dan investasi dengan bijak
Authors: Wulandari Try , Afriyani Fauzia , Kholik Abdul
Published: July 2024

Program pelatihan pengelolaan keuangan dan investasi bagi guru sekolah dasar bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan kecakapan dalam mengelola keuangan pribadi dan strategi investasi. Melalui sesi interaktif dan latihan praktis, peserta mendapatkan wawasan tentang penganggaran, tabungan, dan perencanaan keuangan jangka panjang. Pelatihan ini menekankan pentingnya literasi keuangan dalam memberdayakan guru untuk membuat keputusan yang terinformasi mengenai keuangan pribadi dan menjadi teladan bagi murid-murid. Metode yang digunakan dalam pelatihan ini adalah metode pelatihan berupa pembelajaran berbasis keterampilan dengan pendekatan yang berorientasi pada konten yaitu ceramah. Selain itu, pre-test dan post-test dilakukan untuk mengukur keberhasilan pelatihan ini. Hasil yang didapat ialah adanya peningkatan pemahaman peserta terhadap pengelolaan keuangan dan investasi setelah pemaparan materi. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan para peserta dapat menjawab pertanyaan post-test lebih baik dari sebelum materi disampaikan. Hal ini juga mengindikasikan bahwa pelatihan tentang pengelolaan keuangan investasi dibutuhkan dan berhasil meningkatkan literasi keuangan para guru Sekolah Dasar Negeri 139 Kota Palembang.
KINERJA DINAS KEPENDUDUKAN DAN PENCATATAN SIPIL DALAM MENINGKATKAN TERTIB ADMINISTRASI KEPENDUDUKAN DI KABUPATEN MAJALENGKA
Authors: Batubara Yusi Eva , Rohmadin Sulthon
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil dalam meningkatkan tertib administrasi kependudukan di Kabupaten Majalengka. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori kinerja yang dikembangkan menjadi 4 (empat) indikator yaitu “produktivitas, kualitas layanan, responsivitas, responsibilitas”. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kinerja Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil dalam meningkatkan tertib administrasi kependudukan di Kabupaten Majalengka secara umum telah berjalan dengan baik, akan tetapi perlu perbaikan pada beberapa aspek. Kendala yang dihadapi Disdukcapil antara lain kualitas sumber daya aparatur, pemeliharaan dan pengembangan sistem SIAK, serta sosialisasi kebijakan kependudukan.
Kata Kunci: Kinerja, Kependudukan; Tertib Administrasi
Pengaruh Media Edukasi terhadap Pengetahuan Remaja Putri tentang Anemia: Literature Review
Authors: Adyani Kartika , Apriliana Shinta Dwi , Susilowati Endang
Published: July 2024

Anemia sering terjadi pada remaja putri yang mengakibatkan terhambatnya konsentrasi belajar, aktivitas fisik, turunnya anti bodi, hingga dalam jangka panjang dapat berpengaruh pada masa kehamilannya. Salah satu penyebabnya yaitu kurangnya pengetahuan tentang menjaga pola makan sehat dan motivasi diri akan pentingnya gizi seimbang dalam pencegahan anemia yang diberikan melalui beberapa media edukasi yang telah diteliti. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh media edukasi terhadap pengetahuan remaja putri tentang anemia. Metode pencarian artikel melalui PubMed dan Google Scholar dengan menggunakan kata kunci anemia, remaja putri, media edukasi, dan pengetahuan. Pencarian ini mendapatkan 7 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria penulisan. Hasil tinjauan menunjukkan bahwa beberapa media edukasi tentang anemia secara signifikan dapat berpengaruh pada peningkatan pengetahuan remaja putri yakni berupa media edukasi audiovisual, poster, dan booklet. Hasil tinjauan juga membuktikan bahwa media edukasi yang sering digunakan dalam penyuluhan adalah media audiovisual karena lebih menarik dan memberikan dampak positif pada meningkatnya pengetahuan remaja putri tentang anemia. Oleh karena itu, tenaga kesehatan perlu berperan dalam upaya pencegahan anemia remaja putri melalui pemberian media edukasi.
Determinan Perilaku SADARI pada Wanita Pekerja Industri
Authors: Arista Liya , Insani Mahmudah Dwi
Published: July 2024

Kanker payudara merupakan masalah kesehatan serius pada wanita di seluruh dunia. Meskipun penelitian terkait perilaku pemeriksaan payudara sendiri (SADARI) telah banyak dilakukan, namun penelitian pada wanita pekerja industri masih sedikit. Wanita pekerja industri memiliki potensi besar akibat paparan zat karsinogenik, selain itu jam kerja serta aktivitas yang padat berpotensi menjadi kendala dalam pelaksanaan pemeriksaan rutin di rumah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi determinan perilaku SADARI pada wanita bekerja di bidang industri di wilayah Karawang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross-sectional pada 112 orang pekerja wanita berusia > 18 tahun dan telah menikah. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner tingkat pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku SADARI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan tinggi (60,7%), sikap cukup (61,6%), dan perilaku SADARI tingkat sedang (46,4%). Determinan yang paling mempengaruhi perilaku SADARI adalah riwayat kanker pada keluarga (OR=13,490), tingkat pengetahuan (OR=11,904), sikap (OR=7,873) dan pendidikan (OR=0,217) secara berturut -turut. Riwayat kanker keluarga memiliki pengaruh yang paling signifikan karena wanita yang memiliki riwayat keluarga kanker payudara dapat memperoleh informasi dengan mudah dari keluarga. Faktor internal individu seperti pengetahuan dan sikap juga mempengaruhi perilaku SADARI. Oleh karena itu, peran aktif tenaga kesehatan maupun pekerja di wilayah kerja industri dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran tentang kanker payudara dan perlunya pemeriksaan SADARI secara berkala.
Integrated Digital Marketing at the KEE of Jantung Nusantara Tourism Village, Masakambing Island
Authors: Nina Shilfina  , Mela Mela , Ginting Andilopa
Published: July 2024

Rural development is key to improving prosperity, yet challenges such as the lack of Human Resources Development (HRD) and insufficient digital marketing often pose obstacles. A concrete example can be found in Pokdarwis Beka' Island, Masakambing Island, which focuses on conserving the endangered Yellow-crested Cockatoo. Despite efforts in ecotourism, constraints in digital marketing and limited promotion hinder optimal results. This research aims to empower Pokdarwis through the implementation of integrated digital marketing in the Jantung Nusantara Tourism Village, Masakambing Island. By applying integrated digital marketing strategies, a significant increase is expected in reaching online audiences, creating a positive impact on the overall marketing sector, and supporting the economic growth of the village through the tourism sector. The research methodology involves mixed methods, focusing on integrated digital marketing training involving 33 members of Pokdarwis Beka' Island. From the research findings, it can be concluded that empowerment occurs in three stages: preparation, implementation, and evaluation. This includes observation, interviews, preparation of training materials, discussions, and evaluation of digital marketing results. The final conclusion indicates that integrated digital marketing can be an effective solution for enhancing the village's economy through the tourism sector.
The Effect of Work Environment, Work Motivation, and Work Discipline on Education Personnel at Widyagama University Malang
Authors: Fahmi Junaidi  , Diah Rusminingsih  , Anggaristi Kirana Titan Nur
Published: July 2024

This study aims to determine the partial, simultaneous and dominant influence of the environment, motivation and work discipline on the performance of teaching staff at Widyagama University Malang. The type of research used is descriptive statistics with a quantitative research approach. The sample used was 92 educational staff. Sampling using purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. The analytical method used is descriptive statistical analysis and multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS software version 25. The partial test results show that the environmental variables, motivation and work discipline have a significant effect on performance. This is evidenced by the t count value of each variable 4.646 (X1); 2.902 (X2); 3.891 (X3) > 1.986 (t-table). Simultaneous test results show that environmental variables, motivation and work discipline have a significant effect on performance, this is evidenced by the value of F (count) (150.031) > (2.70) F (table). The variable that has the dominant effect on performance is the work environment variable, this is evidenced by the highest ᵦ beta coefficient value of 0.611. the independent variable in this study has a contribution effect of 83.6%, the remaining 16.4% is influenced by other variables not included in the research model.
Unveiling individuality in the early phase of motor learning: a machine learning approach for analysing weightlifting technique in novices
Authors: Ammar Achraf , Simak Marvin Leonard , Salem Atef , Horst Fabian , Schöllhorn Wolfgang Immanuel
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Despite the growing body of evidence highlighting the individuality in movement techniques, predominant models of motor learning, particularly during the acquisition phase, continue to emphasise generalised, person-independent approaches. Biomechanical studies, coupled with machine learning approaches, have demonstrated the uniqueness of movement techniques exhibited by individuals. However, this evidence predominantly pertains to already stabilised movement techniques, particularly evident in cyclic daily activities such as walking, running, or cycling, as well as in expert-level sports movements. This study aims to evaluate the hypothesis of individuality in whole-body movements necessitating intricate coordination and strength among novice participants at the very beginning of an acquisition phase.

Methods

In a within-subject design, sixteen highly active male participants (mean age: 23.1 ± 2.1 years), all absolute novices in the learning task (i.e., power snatch of Olympic weightlifting), participated in randomised snatch learning bouts. These bouts comprised 36 trials across various motor learning models: differential learning contextual interference (serial, sCIL; and blocked, bCIL), and repetitive learning. Kinematic and kinetic data were collected from three standardised snatch trials performed following each motor learning model bout. The time-continuous data were input to a linear Support Vector Machine (SVM). We conducted analyses on two classification tasks: participant and motor learning model.

Results

The Support Vector Machine classification revealed a notably superior participant classification compared to the motor learning model classification, with an averaged prediction accuracy of 78% (in average ≈35 out of 45 test trials across the folds) versus 27.3% (in average ≈9 out of 36 test trials across the folds). In specific fold and input combinations, accuracies of 91% versus 38% were respectively achieved.

Discussion

Methodically, the crucial role of selecting appropriate data pre-processing methods and identifying the optimal combinations of SVM data inputs is discussed in the context of future research. Our findings provide initial support for a dominance of individuality over motor learning models in movement techniques during the early phase of acquisition in Olympic weightlifting power snatch.
Investigating the association between gut microbiome and aortic aneurysm diseases: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Sun Yaodong , Dong Haoju , Sun Chao , Du Dongdong , Gao Ruirong , Voevoda Mikhail , Knyazev Roman , Wu Naishi
Published: July 2024

Objective

This study aims to investigate the associations between specific bacterial taxa of the gut microbiome and the development of aortic aneurysm diseases, utilizing Mendelian Randomization (MR) to explore these associations and overcome the confounding factors commonly present in observational studies.

Methods

Employing the largest available gut microbiome and aortic aneurysm Genome-Wide Association Study databases, including MiBioGen, Dutch Microbiome Project, FinnGen, UK Biobank, and Michigan Genomics Initiative, this study performs two-sample bidirectional MR analyses. Instrumental variables, linked to microbiome taxa at significant levels, were selected for identifying relationships with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA), and aortic dissection (AD). Methods like inverse variance weighted, MR-PRESSO, MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and mode-based estimate were used for MR analysis. Heterogeneity was assessed with the Cochran Q test. MR-Egger regression and MR-PRESSO addressed potential unbalanced horizontal pleiotropy.

Results

The analysis did not find any evidence of statistically significant associations between the gut microbiome and aortic aneurysm diseases after adjusting for the false discovery rate (FDR). Specifically, while initial results suggested correlations between 19 taxa and AAA, 25 taxa and TAA, and 13 taxa with AD, these suggested associations did not hold statistical significance post-FDR correction. Therefore, the role of individual gut microbial taxa as independent factors in the development and progression of aortic aneurysm diseases remains inconclusive. This finding underscores the necessity for larger sample sizes and more comprehensive studies to further investigate these potential links.

Conclusion

The study emphasizes the complex relationship between the gut microbiome and aortic aneurysm diseases. Although no statistically significant associations were found after FDR correction, the findings provide valuable insights and highlight the importance of considering gut microbiota in aortic aneurysm diseases research. Understanding these interactions may eventually contribute to identifying new therapeutic and preventive strategies for aortic aneurysm diseases.
Neural evidence of deprioritizing to-be-forgotten information in visual working memory
Authors: Moen Katherine C. , Beck Melissa R. , Horner Scarlett , Greening Steven G.
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Although evidence supports the effective use of a cue to forget an encoded stimulus, the mechanisms of this forgetting are not well understood. Evidence from item-method directed forgetting in long-term memory reveals greater prefrontal and parietal activation for information that is cued to be forgotten. Activation in those brain regions is typically associated with increased effort and cognitive control.

Method

To test the mechanism of directed forgetting in visual working memory, we used stimuli that rely on distinct brain regions such as faces and buildings and varied memory stability. Participants completed a directed forgetting task with faces and buildings, and memory stability was manipulated by presenting some stimuli repeatedly throughout the study, and other stimuli were only presented once.

Results and discussion

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) results from the parahippocampal place area suggest that to-be-remembered buildings elicit higher activation than to-be-forgotten buildings. In addition, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activation changed throughout the trial period, possibly suggesting that the cue led to information being dropped from visual working memory, or through a shift in attention, as occurs with the retro-cue paradigm. Several explanations for these results are discussed.
Cardiac rehabilitation patient perspectives during COVID-19 pandemic: quantitative and qualitative study
Authors: Jug Borut , Sedlar Kobe Natasa , Stojinic Dejana , Lainscak Mitja , Farkas Jerneja
Published: July 2024

Background

This study aimed to quantitatively assess stress, anxiety and obsessive thinking related to coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) and qualitatively appraise perceptions in patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing cardiac rehabilitation (CR) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

We used mixed-methods design in patients referred for CR in 2 centres which delivered uninterrupted service during COVID-19 pandemic. Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), Obsession with COVID-19 Scale (OCS), COVID-19 Stress Scale (CSS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and in-person interviews (combination of a priori questions and probing) were used to evaluate patient experience and perceptions with COVID-19 and the healthcare services during pandemic.

Results

In total, 109 patients (mean age 59 ± 10, 20% women) were included in quantitative part and in 30 of them we conducted the in-person interviews. About a quarter of patients met HADS threshold for anxiety and depression while CAS and OCS results demonstrated extremely low possibility of coronavirus related dysfunctional thinking (3%) and anxiety (2%). The CSS indicated the most prevalent concerns were related to COVID-19 vaccines safety (60%) and fear of getting infected (60%). During interviews, patients perceived the CR as well as health care providers as safe, trustworthy and with enough support to avoid or manage COVID-19 related health risks.

Conclusions

Overall, patients reported AMI affected their lives more than the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 related stress and anxiety were relatively low and mostly related to general views of infectious disease. CR was perceived safe and trustworthy in terms of primary disease and COVID-19.

Lay summary

This mixed-method study included 109 patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent cardiac rehabilitation during the COVID-19 and focused on their experience and perceptions with COVID-19 and the healthcare services during pandemic.

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Patients reported acute myocardial infarction affected their lives more than the COVID-19 pandemic.

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The COVID-19 related concerns were mostly related to general views of infectious disease (vaccine safety, fear of getting infected) whilst cardiac rehabilitation was perceived safe and trustworthy environment during COVID-19.
X-raying educator-related factors hindering sexuality education implementation in rural South African schools: learners’ perspectives
Authors: Adekola Ayobami Precious
Published: July 2024

Background

Although numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of well-implemented school-based sexuality education in promoting young people’s sexual and reproductive health outcomes, the prevalence of teenage pregnancy among school-going adolescents in rural schools located in the King Cetshwayo District of South Africa suggests it fell short of its objectives of reducing learners’ vulnerability, enhancing decision-making abilities, and raising self-efficacy in these schools. This study focused on learners’ experiences with their schools’ sexuality education programs.

Methods

This was a qualitative, interpretative phenomenological study. Data was collected from 84 participants across nine schools in the study setting using focus group interviews. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis framework was followed to analyze the data.

Results

The results of the study showed that educator-centered impediments to effective school-based sexuality education included attitudes, beliefs, age differences, health status, prior experiences, and personal discomfort. The results further indicated that these obstacles have a detrimental effect on the pedagogical effectiveness of sexuality education teachers in implementing the curriculum in the study setting and, consequently, on the sexual well-being of the learners.

Conclusion

Based on the study’s findings, pre-service sexuality education pedagogy training is recommended for student teachers, as well as ongoing in-service training and re-training interventions and support for sexuality education teachers, to address the identified barriers and improve their pedagogical efficacy.
Association between oxidative balance score and female infertility from the national health and nutrition examination survey 2013–2018
Authors: Su Zhe , Ding Peihui , Su Wenjing , Li Xia , Li Yiqian , Li Xiaoran , Lao Kaixue , Wang Yanlin
Published: July 2024

Background

The correlation between oxidative stress and female infertility pathogenesis was established, and the oxidative balance score (OBS) can serve as a measure of overall oxidative stress burden within an individual. Prior reports have not addressed the relationship between OBS and female infertility. This study endeavors to investigate the association between infertility risk in female and OBS.

Methods

The analysis focused on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2018. OBS was determined from 16 dietary components and 4 lifestyle components. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to investigate the relationship between OBS and female infertility. Further stratified analysis was conducted to examine the associations across various subgroups. To elucidate the dose-response relationship between infertility risk in female and OBS, a restricted cubic spline function was employed.

Results

The study included a total of 1410 participants. Through weighted multivariable logistic regression analysis, we observed a consistent inverse correlation between OBS and the risk of female infertility [OR (95% CI) = 0.97 (0.95, 0.99), p = 0.047]. When participants were segregated into quartiles based on OBS, those in the highest quartile had a 61% [OR (95% CI) = 0.39 (0.2, 0.79), p = 0.01] reduced risk of infertility compared to those in the lowest quartile of OBS. A trend test assessing OBS by quartile also revealed the relationship between OBS and female infertility. This correlation remained constant across both dietary and lifestyle OBS. Additionally, lifestyle OBS and female infertility exhibited a nonlinear association. A sensitivity analysis verified the consistency of our findings.

Conclusion

The study found that a higher OBS is associated with a lower prevalence of female infertility. These results emphasized the potential role of oxidative homeostasis in the pathogenesis of infertility and highlighted the importance of follow-up studies and prevention strategies.
Bayesian regression modeling and inference of energy efficiency data: the effect of collinearity and sensitivity analysis
Authors: Al-Essa Laila A. , Ebrahim Endris Assen , Mergiaw Yusuf Ali
Published: July 2024

The majority of research predicted heating demand using linear regression models, but they did not give current building features enough context. Model problems such as Multicollinearity need to be checked and appropriate features must be chosen based on their significance to produce accurate load predictions and inferences. Numerous building energy efficiency features correlate with each other and with heating load in the energy efficiency dataset. The standard Ordinary Least Square regression has a problem when the dataset shows Multicollinearity. Bayesian supervised machine learning is a popular method for parameter estimation and inference when frequentist statistical assumptions fail. The prediction of the heating load as the energy efficiency output with Bayesian inference in multiple regression with a collinearity problem needs careful data analysis. The parameter estimates and hypothesis tests were significantly impacted by the Multicollinearity problem that occurred among the features in the building energy efficiency dataset. This study demonstrated several shrinkage and informative priors on likelihood in the Bayesian framework as alternative solutions or remedies to reduce the collinearity problem in multiple regression analysis. This manuscript tried to model the standard Ordinary Least Square regression and four distinct Bayesian regression models with several prior distributions using the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo algorithm in Bayesian Regression Modeling using Stan and the package used to fit linear models. Several model comparison and assessment methods were used to select the best-fit regression model for the dataset. The Bayesian regression model with weakly informative prior is the best-fitted model compared to the standard Ordinary Least Squares regression and other Bayesian regression models with shrinkage priors for collinear energy efficiency data. The numerical findings of collinearity were checked using variance inflation factor, estimates of regression coefficient and standard errors, and sensitivity of priors and likelihoods. It is suggested that applied research in science, engineering, agriculture, health, and other disciplines needs to check the Multicollinearity effect for regression modeling for better estimation and inference.
Enhancing power quality in grid-connected hybrid renewable energy systems using UPQC and optimized O-FOPID
Authors: Venkatesan R. , Kumar C. , Balamurugan C. R. , Senjyu Tomonobu
Published: July 2024

Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRES) have recently been proposed as a way to improve dependability and reduce losses in grid-connected load systems. This research study suggests a novel hybrid optimization technique that regulates UPQC in order to address the Power Quality (PQ) problems in the HRES system. The load system serves as the primary link between the battery energy storage systems (BESS), wind turbine (WT), and solar photovoltaic (PV) components of the HRES system. The major objective of the study is to reduce PQ issues and make up for the load requirement inside the HRES system. The addition of an Optimized Fractional Order Proportional Integral Derivative (O-FOPID) controller improves the efficiency of the UPQC. The Crow-Tunicate Swarm Optimization Algorithm (CT-SOA), an enhanced variant of the traditional Tunicate Swarm Optimization (TSA) and Crow Search Optimization (CSO), is used to optimize the control parameters of the FOPID controller. Utilizing the MATLAB/Simulink platform, the proposed method is put into practice, and the system’s performance is assessed for sag, swell, and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). The THD values for the PI, FOPID, and CSA techniques, respectively, are 5.9038%, 4.9592%, and 3.7027%, under the sag condition. This validates the superiority of the proposed approach over existing approaches.
SMN1 c.5C>G (p.Ala2Gly) missense variant, a challenging molecular SMA diagnosis associated with mild disease, preserves SMN nuclear gems in patient-specific fibroblasts
Authors: Cook Sara L. , Stout Christian , Kirkeby Lindsey , Vidal-Folch Noemi , Oglesbee Devin , Hasadsri Linda , Selcen Duygu , Milone Margherita , Anderson Daniel , Staff Nathan P.
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by homozygous loss of the SMN1 gene with SMN2 gene copy number correlating with disease severity. Rarely SMA is caused by a deletion on one allele and a pathogenic variant on the other. The pathogenic missense variant c.5C>G (p.Ala2Gly) correlates with a mild disease phenotype that does not correlate with SMN2 copy number. In a mouse model the c.5C>G transgene produces SMN that is thought to form partially functional SMN complexes, but levels in humans have not yet been investigated.

Methods

We identified two patients with mild SMA caused by a heterozygous deletion of SMN1 and the heterozygous variant, c.5C>G. Molecular findings were confirmed with deletion/duplication analysis and Sanger sequencing. Skin fibroblasts were collected and cultured, and SMN expression was analyzed using immunofluorescence.

Results

Two patients with slowly progressing mild weakness were confirmed to have heterozygous pathogenic missense variant c.5C>G and a heterozygous deletion of SMN1. Their clinical presentation revealed much milder disease progression than patients with matched SMN2 copy number. Analysis of the patients’ fibroblasts revealed much higher numbers of SMN nuclear complexes than a patient with a homozygous SMN1 deletion and matched SMN2 copy number.

Conclusions

These case reports reinforce that the rare c.5C>G variant causes mild disease. Furthermore, the analysis of SMA nuclear gems in patient samples supports the theory that the p.Ala2Gly SMN can form partially functional SMN complexes that may carry out essential cellular functions and result in mild disease.
Altered levels of IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-5 depend on the TLR4 rs4986790 genotype in COPD smokers but not those exposed to biomass-burning smoke
Authors: Gutiérrez-Romero Karla Jazmín , Falfán-Valencia Ramcés , Ramírez-Venegas Alejandra , Hernández-Zenteno Rafael De Jesus , Flores-Trujillo Fernando , Sansores-Martínez Raúl , Ramos-Martínez Espiridión , Pérez-Rubio Gloria
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with tobacco smoking and biomass-burning smoke exposure. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may contribute to its pathogenesis. The study aimed to assess the association of rs4986790 and rs4986791 in the TLR4 gene in a Mexican mestizo population with COPD secondary to tobacco smoking (COPD-TS) and biomass-burning smoke (COPD-BBS) and to evaluate whether the genotypes of risk affect cytokine serum levels.

Materials and methods

We enrolled 2,092 participants and divided them into two comparisons according to their environmental exposure. SNPs were genotyped using TaqMan probes. Serum cytokine levels (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, and INF-γ) were quantified by ELISA.

Results

The rs4986790 AA genotype in COPD-TS was associated with a higher COPD risk (OR = 3.53). Haplotype analysis confirmed this association, identifying a block containing the rs4986790 allele (A–C, OR = 3.11). COPD-TS exhibited elevated IL-6, IL-4, and IL-5 levels compared with smokers without COPD (SWOC), whereas COPD-BBS displayed higher IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-10 levels. The AA carriers in the COPD-TS group had elevated IL-4, IL-5, and IFN-γ compared with carriers of AG or GG.

Conclusion

The rs4986790 common allele and the A–C haplotype (rs4986790–rs4986791) were associated with a higher COPD risk in smokers; COPD patients carrying the AA genotype showed increased pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Case report: Macrophage activation syndrome in a patient with Kabuki syndrome
Authors: Zhang Jingyuan , Kang Yuanbo , Xia Zenan , Chong Yuming , Long Xiao , Shen Min
Published: July 2024

Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), is a severe and fatal complication of various pediatric inflammatory disorders. Kabuki syndrome (KS), mainly caused by lysine methyltransferase 2D (KMT2D; OMIM 602113) variants, is a rare congenital disorder with multi-organ deficiencies. To date, there have been no reported cases of MAS in patients with KS. This report describes a case of a 22-year-old male with Kabuki syndrome (KS) who developed MAS. This unique case not only deepens the understanding of the involvement of KMT2D in immune regulation and disease, but expands the phenotype of the adult patient to better understand the natural history, disease burden, and management of patients with KS complicated with autoimmune disorders.
Role of canonical and noncanonical autophagy pathways in shaping the life journey of B cells
Authors: Wang Yiwen , Wu Lan , Van Kaer Luc
Published: July 2024

Autophagy is a regulated intracellular catabolic process by which invading pathogens, damaged organelles, aggregated proteins, and other macromolecules are degraded in lysosomes. It has been widely appreciated that autophagic activity plays an important role in regulating the development, fate determination, and function of cells in the immune system, including B lymphocytes. Autophagy encompasses several distinct pathways that have been linked to B cell homeostasis and function. While B cell presentation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-restricted cytosolic antigens to T cells involves both macroautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), plasma cells and memory B cells mainly rely on macroautophagy for their survival. Emerging evidence indicates that core autophagy factors also participate in processes related to yet clearly distinct from classical autophagy. These autophagy-related pathways, referred to as noncanonical autophagy or conjugation of ATG8 to single membranes (CASM), contribute to B cell homeostasis and functions, including MHC class II-restricted antigen presentation to T cells, germinal center formation, plasma cell differentiation, and recall responses. Dysregulation of B cell autophagy has been identified in several autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the role of canonical and noncanonical autophagy in B cells, including B cell development and maturation, antigen processing and presentation, pathogen-specific antibody responses, cytokine secretion, and autoimmunity. Unraveling the molecular mechanisms of canonical and noncanonical autophagy in B cells will improve our understanding of B cell biology, with implications for the development of autophagy-based immunotherapies.
Targeting post-stroke neuroinflammation with Salvianolic acid A: molecular mechanisms and preclinical evidence
Authors: Yang Hongchun , Ibrahim Muhammad Mustapha , Zhang Siyu , Sun Yao , Chang Junlei , Qi Hui , Yang Shilun
Published: July 2024

Salvianolic acid A (SalA), a bioactive compound extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, has garnered considerable interest for its potential in ameliorating the post-stroke neuroinflammation. This review delineates the possible molecular underpinnings of anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective roles of SalA, offering a comprehensive analysis of its therapeutic efficacy in preclinical studies of ischemic stroke. We explore the intricate interplay between post-stroke neuroinflammation and the modulatory effects of SalA on pro-inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory signaling pathways, the peripheral immune cell infiltration through blood-brain barrier disruption, and endothelial cell function. The pharmacokinetic profiles of SalA in the context of stroke, characterized by enhanced cerebral penetration post-ischemia, makes it particularly suitable as a therapeutic agent. Preliminary clinical findings have demonstrated that salvianolic acids (SA) has a positive impact on cerebral perfusion and neurological deficits in stroke patients, warranting further investigation. This review emphasizes SalA as a potential anti-inflammatory agent for the advancement of innovative therapeutic approaches in the treatment of ischemic stroke.
The clinical significance and anti-tumor role of PRKG1 in bladder cancer
Authors: Jin Lu , Chen Ting , Sun Huan , Dai Guangcheng , Yao Qiu , Yuan Feng , Liu Xiaolong , Xue Boxin
Published: July 2024

Introduction

cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 (PRKG1) has shown to be associated with some tumorigenesis, while the role of PRKG1 in bladder cancer is unclear.

Methods

To investigate the biological and clinical significance of PRKG1 in bladder cancer, we detected the expression of PRKG1 and explored the function of PRKG1 in bladder cancer cells. The PRKG1 transcripts data was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and immunohistochemistry staining was conducted on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) sample tissues. Relationship between clinical characteristics of patients and expression of PRKG1 was analyzed in FFPE samples, TCGA database, and GSE19423 dataset. PRKG1 was over-expressed, and cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and spheroidizing ability were then detected. Chemosensitivity to cisplatin was detected with cell viability, and half-maximal drug inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated. In addition, the relation between PRKG1 expression and the infiltration level of tumor immune cells in tumor microenvironment were analyzed.

Results

The results showed expression of PRKG1 was lower in bladder cancer, compared with normal tissues both at protein and transcript levels. Lower PRKG1 expression was related to higher tumor grade, T stage, and muscle invasion, also predicted worse overall survival and recurrence free survival in patients treated with Bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) intravesical immunotherapy. Analysis of tumor immune cells infiltration showed lower PRKG1 was associated with non-inflamed tumor microenvironment.

Conclusion

The present study firstly identified the anti-tumor role and tumor immune regulatory role of PRKG1, also found loss of PRKG1 could be used as a prognosis factor. The present study provided a potential biomarker and therapy target to bladder cancer.