bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
URBAN PUBLIC POLICY FOR NATURAL DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT IN BLUMENAU-SC: PROCESSES AND ACTIVITIES,
Authors: VIEIRA RAFAELA , SCHMIDT GABRIELA , MOURA JOÃO MARCOS BOSI MENDONÇA DE
Published: May 2019

Abstract The objective of this study was the analysis of urban public policy for natural disaster risk management in the city of Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Two approaches were used: (1) A survey of the municipal public agencies responsible for disaster risk management was conducted. (2) The surveyed agencies’ representatives’ ideas and activities regarding natural disaster risk were analyzed. A systemic approach was adopted, bibliographical research was performed, and interviews were conducted with 10 municipal public managers. The results facilitated the description of the municipal public disaster risk management organizational structure and the ideas and activities related to disaster risk knowledge, prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response, recovery/ reconstruction. The study concludes that there is a need for improvements in the coordination among the municipal public agencies and in shared responsibilities of the federal entities and the society for disaster risk management.
DYSFUNCTIONS IN THE SOCIO EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF INFANTS AND ITS RELATED FACTORS: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: Silva Daniel Ignacio da , Mello Débora Falleiros de , Mazza Verônica de Azevedo , Toriyama Aurea Tamami Minagawa , Veríssimo Maria de La Ó Ramallo
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to synthesize factors related to dysfunctions in the socioemotional development of infants. Method: integrative review carried out between April and August 2016 with defined criteria for inclusion and exclusion of studies, search strategies, extraction and synthesis of data. The exposure factors underwent categorical thematic analysis and systematization according to the levels of the context (Microsystem, Mesosystem, Exosystem and Macrosystem) of the Bioecological Model of Human Development. Results: in the context of the Microsystem and Mesosystem, the factors found were: limitations in care; adversities in family relationships and in the social support and illness situation of the caregivers that influence the proximal processes. In the Exosystem and the Macrosystem, they were: social vulnerabilities of caregivers and fragilities of public policies that determine the material and social conditions of the family. Conclusion: the synthesis of evidence on exposure factors favors the construction of measurement scales of the contextual elements related to the social emotional development of young children. Beyond the milestones, present or not, in the evaluation of a child, these technologies can be predictive, with great potential of anticipation of the factors of exposure and prevention of developmental dysfunctions.
Avaliação das etapas de pré-processamento e de treinamento em algoritmos de classificação de textos no contexto da recuperação da informação
Authors: Guimarães Lucas Marques Sathler , Meireles Magali Rezende Gouvêa , Almeida Paulo Eduardo Maciel de
Published: May 2019

Resumo A quantidade de dados não estruturados cresce com a popularização da Internet. Textos em linguagem natural representam um conjunto relevante e significativo para análise e produção de conhecimento. Este trabalho propõe uma análise quantitativa das etapas de pré-processamento e de treinamento de um classificador de textos, que utiliza os sentimentos expressos pelos usuários como atributo. Para realização dos experimentos, foram utilizadas Redes Neurais Artificiais, como algoritmo classificador, e textos provenientes dos sites Amazon, IMDB e Yelp. A base textual permite análise da expressão de sentimentos positivos e negativos dos usuários em avaliações de produtos e serviços em textos não estruturados. Foram realizados dois processos distintos de pré-processamento e diferentes treinamentos das Redes Neurais Artificiais para classificação do conjunto textual. Os resultados confirmam, quantitativamente, a importância das etapas de pré-processamento e de treinamento do classificador, evidenciando a importância do vocabulário selecionado para a representação do texto e para a classificação. As técnicas de classificação disponíveis alcançam resultados satisfatórios. No entanto, mesmo utilizando-se dois processos distintos de pré-processamento e identificando-se o melhor processo de treinamento, não foi possível eliminar, totalmente, as dificuldades de aprendizado e compreensão do modelo para as classificações de sentimentos que envolviam características subjetivas da expressão do sentimento humano.
Canonical Correlation Analysis Between Growth and Nutrition in Teak Seedlings
Authors: Vieira Cristiane Ramos , Weber Oscarlina Lúcia dos Santos , Hongyu Kuang , Scaramuzza José Fernando
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT The relationship between nutrients and plant growth requires in-depth studies and the application of statistical analysis capable of explaining these interactions. An experiment was prepared with N, P2O5 and K2O doses. Effects on the correlations between growth and nutrients in Tectona grandis seedlings were based on the canonical correlation analysis. Seedlings were submitted to doses of N = 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 kg m–3 with urea, P2O5 = 0, 3.0, 6.0, 12.0 kg m–3 with common superphosphate, and K2O = 0, 3.0, 6.0, 12.0 kg m–3 with potassium chloride, in a completely randomized design. Canonical correlations showed that biomass was the most salient morphological characteristic in relation to the growth of T. grandis seedlings. Height and diameter were also underscored by interactions between macro- and micronutrients in the substrate, after fertilization. Results show that N, Mn and Cu were the most important nutrients for the increment of these characteristics.
A presença de Nietzsche na produção intelectual e literária de Albertina Bertha
Authors: Faedrich Anna
Published: May 2019

Resumo Neste texto analiso a presença da filosofia de Nietzsche na obra literária e intelectual da escritora carioca Albertina Bertha de Lafayette Stockler (1880-1953). O interesse e a paixão da escritora pelo filósofo alemão são demonstrados em referências, epígrafes e citações do filósofo. A discussão de Nietzsche por Bertha guarda interesse histórico por ser raro uma mulher frequentar fóruns filosóficos em pé de igualdade com homens, no Brasil, à época. Além da célebre conferência de 1914, que virou capítulo do livro Estudos (1920), as noções nietzschianas permeiam os escritos de Albertina Bertha, tanto nos romances, como nos ensaios.
O conceito de consciência moral como chave de uma interpretação fenomenológica da vontade de potência
Authors: Vieira Ricardo Pedroza
Published: May 2019

Resumo O artigo tem por objetivo realizar uma análise do conceito de consciência moral (Gewissen) no pensamento de Nietzsche e mostrar uma conexão entre este conceito e a vontade de potência. Esta relação circunscreve, em seu interior, como conceito derivado, a má consciência (schlechtes Gewissen), e abre um horizonte fenomenológico de interpretação para a vontade de potência.
Sócrates e a autossupressão do socratismo em O nascimento da tragédia
Authors: Paula Wander Andrade de
Published: May 2019

Resumo O presente artigo discute o estatuto da figura de Sócrates em O nascimento da tragédia. Partindo da hipótese de que é insuficiente tratar de Sócrates apenas como antípoda de Nietzsche, como quer boa parte da fortuna crítica, desenvolvo a tese de que Sócrates é bem mais uma espécie de lente de aumento, a partir da qual o pensador analisa a origem e os desdobramentos modernos da cultura ocidental. Além disso, e principalmente, demonstro que a riqueza de antagonismos de que Nietzsche propositalmente lança mão em suas análises do filósofo grego indica uma de suas primeiras concepções do próprio criar filosófico.
Medical education in Primary Healthcare: a multiple-approach experience to teaching, service and community integration practices
Authors: Peixoto Marcelo Torres , Jesus Washington Luiz Abreu de , Carvalho Rosely Cabral de , Assis Marluce Maria Araújo
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT The Brazilian National Health System (SUS) is a public universal system and adopts primary healthcare as the main coordinator of care. SUS requires that Brazilian universities offer a new professional education model. This article aims at discussing the medical education provided in an institution in a city in the Brazilian state of Bahia, taking primary healthcare and the National Curricular Guidelines as guidance for the Medicine courses. The experience with teaching, service and community integration practices (Piesc) brings together students, teachers, health professionals and SUS users, integrating different perspectto the health-disease-care process under the Family Health Strategy context. Piesc includes Collective Health and General Family and Community Medicine knowledge, covering different territories and social agents in the process of care, helping to change medical education for SUS.
New National Curricular Guidelines of medical courses: opportunities to resignify education
Authors: Ferreira Marcelo José Monteiro , Ribeiro Kelen Gomes , Almeida Magda Moura de , Sousa Maria do Socorro de , Ribeiro Marco Túlio Aguiar Mourão , Machado Márcia Maria Tavares , Kerr Ligia Regina Franco Sansigolo
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT The new National Curriculum Guidelines aim at restructuring and adapting medical curricula. The objective is to conduct a critical-reflective analysis of the restructure of a medical course’s curricular matrix. This action research was conducted at a Brazilian federal university. The material was analyzed using the discourse analysis method. Among the results, the proposal of a curriculum that values life and transfers the biomedical paradigm to incorporate other dimensions in healthcare is highlighted. The need to strengthen a curricular matrix based on social demands and preferably focused on primary care is indicated. The establishment of longitudinal and transversal relationships among the competency areas of the 2014 National Curricular Guidelines and the curricular components is proposed. The intention is to foster the understanding of determinants and relationships between diseases and the communities’ ways of living.
Population structure of Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862) (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) in Miranda Hydroelectric Plant Reservoir, Araguari river, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Costa e Silva Raquel , Cunha Marina Calixto , Mossolin Emerson Contreira , Jacobucci Giuliano Buzá
Published: May 2019

Abstract Aim The present study aimed to analyze a M. amazonicum population structure in a reservoir of the “Triângulo Mineiro”, Brazil. Methods Monthly surveys were carried out from April/2012 to May/2013 at the Miranda Hydroelectric Plant Reservoir located in Araguari river, state of Minas Gerais. A sampling section of 100 m long, 5 m wide and depth not exceeding 1 m was defined on the banks of the reservoir. Sampling consisted on two persons quickly passing a 2 mm sieves in partially submerged marginal vegetation, for one hour. The sampled specimens were identified, sexed and measured. Results A total of 2,584 specimens were analyzed, of which 64.62% were females (3.93% ovigerous, 5.94% non-ovigerous and 54.75% juveniles), 29.16% males (21.41% adults and 7.76% juveniles) and 6.22% juveniles of undetermined sex. The sex ratio (1:2.21) indicated a clear deviation for females, for the whole sampling period, monthly and for each size class. Males had an average carapace length (CL = 4.50 ± 0.71 mm) significantly lower than females (CL = 4.64 ± 1.47 mm) and the size frequency distribution revealed a unimodal pattern, with peaks occurring in 4.0 - 4.9 mm size class for males and in 3.0 - 3.9 mm size class for females. The relation between total and carapace length was significant, indicating a negative allometric growth. No males’ morphotypes were found. The population presented a continuous reproduction with a gradual increase between April and June/2012. Female sexual maturity was determined for 6.3 mm of CL, while for males was estimated for 4.0 mm. Conclusion The Miranda reservoir population had a body size variation similar to the continental populations of Pantanal. The sexual dimorphism observed may be related to the absence of male morphotypes and to the “pure search” reproduction strategy. The deviated sex ratio for females may increase the chance of fertilization and the reproductive success. The presence of juveniles and ovigerous females throughout the year indicates a continuous reproduction pattern of the population.
Diet of benthivorous fish and prey availability in streams of the Pirapó River basin-PR
Authors: Guglielmetti Renata , Silva Marlene Rodrigues , Higuti Janet , Fugi Rosemara
Published: May 2019

Abstract Aim This study aimed to investigate the diet of seven species of fish that consume predominantly benthic macroinvertebrates, and the availability of these organisms in the environment. We analyzed the occurrence of trophic segregation between species and the correlation between the abundance of macroinvertebrates in the diet and in the environment. Methods Fish and macroinvertebrates were sampled in three streams of the Pirapó River basin (Upper Paraná River - Brazil). Differences in diet composition between species were tested using a multivariate permutation analysis of variance (PERMANOVA). A Spearman Correlation was performed to test the relation between the abundance the macroinvertebrates consumed and those available in the environment. Results All species mainly consumed aquatic insect, and significant interspecific variations in diet composition were found for most of them. For five out of the seven species of fish analyzed no significant correlation was detected between the abundance of macroinvertebrates in the environment and in the diet. Conclusions The results showed that most of the species segregate and their diets are not positively correlated with the abundance of preys in the environment, indicating that the most consumed macroinvertebrates were not the most abundant in the environment. These results suggest that the fish species select the macroinvertebrates, and that the morphological and behavioral characteristics of both predators and prey are important in feeding fish from streams.
A review of reliability analysis of offshore scour protections
Authors: Fazeres-Ferradosa Tiago , Taveira-Pinto Francisco , Rosa-Santos Paulo , Chambel João
Published: May 2019

The R&D project Oracle – offshore risk analysis for climate change adaptation and lifetime extension – is focused on optimising the design of scour protection schemes for the extended lifetime of offshore foundations. This project proposes an optimisation of scour protections by combining reliability-based techniques with the novel concepts of dynamic and wide-graded armour layers. The ultimate goal is to develop a decision support system (DSS) for scour protection design and risk and reliability analysis to be used by professionals and researchers dealing with fixed foundations applied to marine renewable energy projects (e.g. wind, wave and tidal). However, a meaningful implementation of such a DSS implies prior analysis of several knowledge gaps related to scour protection in the offshore environment, which are yet to be fully addressed in the literature. This paper provides a brief review of the scientific and technical challenges in the research field of reliability of offshore scour protection. On the basis of identified challenges, the discussion of future research lines is performed with a particular focus on the aim of the Oracle project. The recent findings related to risk and reliability analysis of offshore scour protection are addressed and framed within the existing knowledge gaps in the literature.
Quiste periodontal lateral, reporte de un caso
Authors: Villalobos-Medina Mariana Celeste , Jiménez-Matute Jesús Miguel
Published: May 2019

Introducción: el Quiste Periodontal Lateral (QPL) también denominado quiste botrioide odontogénico, es considerado un quiste odontogénico del desarrollo, poco frecuente, de mayor incidencia entre la quinta y séptima década, con predilección por el sexo masculino. Esta lesión es generalmente asintomática y radiográficamente se presenta como una imagen radiolúcida con bordes bien definidos de forma redonda u ovoide.

Presentación del caso: en el presente artículo se hace referencia a un caso clínico soportado con la revisión de la literatura, de una lesión ubicada entre el incisivo lateral y canino inferior derecho en un paciente masculino de 37 años de edad, al cual se le realizó radiografía panorámica y periapical, por presentar al examen clínico una lesión blanquecina a nivel del vestíbulo bucal en la zona anteroinferior derecha, de aproximadamente 8mm de diámetro, blanda a la palpación de base sésil. Radiográficamente se detectó una imagen radiolúcida ubicada lateralmente entre el 42 y 43. La lesión fue eliminada quirúrgicamente en su totalidad sin la aplicación posterior de material regenerador óseo, se tomó biopsia excisional de la lesión y se corroboró el diagnóstico presuntivo.

Conclusión: la extirpación de la lesión en un solo tiempo quirúrgico, constituye un tratamiento satisfactorio para este tipo de patologías.
Descubriendo el pasado educativo reciente desde la historia oral
Authors: Guichot Reina Virginia
Published: May 2019

En este articulo presentamos el proyecto de innovación que hemos realizado durante el curso 2006-2007 en la asignatura troncal Teorías e Instituciones Contemporáneas de la Educación, ubicada en el curso de primero de magisterio. Éste pretende servirse de las fuentes orales para la recuperación de nuestro pasado educativo más próximo, no sin olvidar el estudio de las fuentes escritas. Asimismo, busca formar de modo personalizado al alumnado en tareas de investigación relacionadas con la historia de la educación. Para ello se ha ofertado a los estudiantes la posibilidad de investigar en el pasado más reciente de la educación en España mediante entrevistas realizadas a personas mayores sobre sus experiencias, sea como alumnos, sea como docentes, dentro del régimen franquista. Dichas entrevistas han sido expuestas ante el grupo-clase y a partir de ahí, se ha desarrollado un debate donde se ha apreciado los progresos y los problemas pendientes en la educación.
UC Davis - Macrovascular Permeability and Lipoprotein Flux v1
Authors: Rutledge John
Published: May 2019

Summary: One of the three indices of arterial function that are compromised to a varying degree in individuals with cardiovascular disease is vascular permeability. This assay measures vascular permeability (as flux of labeled large molecular weight molecules: i.e. albumin or dextran) and lipid permeability (as flux of labeled lipid) in coronary or carotid arteries. Modified from: Walsh et. al. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1999 Apr;19(4):840-6.
UC Davis - Maximum passive stiffness (MPS) v1
Authors: Rutledge John
Published: May 2019

Summary: One index of arterial function that is compromised to a varying degree in individuals with cardiovascular disease is vascular stiffness. This protocol can be utilized to analyze vascular function as an index for cardiovascular disease. This protocol directly measures the stress and strain on an arterial vessel as an index of vascular function. Modified from: Symons et. al. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2002 May 1;22(5):772-80.
UC Davis - Metabolomics: Sample preparation for Lipidomics v1
Authors: Fiehn Oliver
Published: May 2019

Summary: This SOP describes sample extraction and sample preparation for lipid profiling by liquid chromatography / quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF) or nanoelectrospray ion trap-FTICR MS.
UC Davis - Running Wheel v1
Authors: Rutkowsky Jennifer
Published: May 2019

Summary: Voluntary wheel running provides detailed information on the running capacity and activity patterns of control, treated or mutant mice. Running activity is evaluated from the number of rotations of a stationary wheel detected by sensors attached to running wheel. Running wheel activity provides information regarding when the animal runs, for how long and far, providing temporal and longitudinal data. This system may also be used as a means of providing voluntary exercise in metabolic or exercise based studies.
UC Davis - Superoxide Dismutase v1
Authors: Havel Peter
Published: May 2019

Summary: Significant amounts of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in cellular and extracellular environments are crucial for the prevention of diseases linked to oxidative stress. Mutations in SOD account for approximately 20% of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) cases. SOD also appears to be important in the prevention of other neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's Diseases. The reaction catalyzed by SOD is extremely fast, having a turnover of 2 x 10^6 M-1sec-1 and the presence of sufficient amounts of the enzyme in cells and tissues typically keeps the concentration of superoxide very low. Quantification of SOD activity is therefore essential in order to fully characterize the antioxidant capabilities of a biological system. The Cayman Chemical SOD Assay kit is a fast and reliable assay for the measurement of SOD activity from plasma, serum, tissue homogenates, and cell lysates. SOD activity is assessed by measuring the dismutation of superoxide radicals generated by xanthine oxidase and hypoxanthine in a convenient 96 well format. A key feature of the kit is the inclusion of a quality-controlled SOD standard. The standard curve generated using this enzyme provides a means to accurately quantify the activity of all three types of SOD (Cu/Zn-, Mn-, and Fe-SOD). Each kit contains sufficient reagents to assay 41 samples in duplicate and includes assay buffer, sample buffer, radical detector, SOD (standard), xanthine oxidase, a 96 well plate, and complete instructions.
UC Davis - Tissue TG & TC Protocol v1
Authors: Havel Peter
Published: May 2019

Summary: The lipid extraction method is based on work by Folch 1957. Tissue is homogenized and put into a 2:1 chloroform and methanol mix. The mix is separated into two phases by adding a salt solution. The upper phase contains any non-lipid substances and the lower phase contains the chloroform with the lipids. The upper phase is removed and a sample is taken from the bottom phase and evaporated. The sample is reconstituted with 2-propanol with a volume to bring it to the desired concentration to assay. Triglycerides are enzymatically hydrolyzed by lipase to free fatty acids and glycerol. The glycerol is phosphorylated by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) with glycerol kinase (GK) to produce glycerol-3- phosphate and adenosine diphosphate. Glycerol-3-phosphate is oxidized by dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DAP) by glycerolphosphate oxidase producing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In a Trinder5 type color reaction catalyzed by peroxidase, the H2O2 reacts with 4-aminoantipyrine (4-AAP) and 3,5-dichloro-2- hydroxybenzene sulfonate (DHBS) to produce a red colored dye. The absorbance of this dye is proportional to the concentration of triglycerides present in the sample. Cholesterol esters are enzymatically hydrolysed by cholesterol esterase to cholesterol and free fatty acids. Free cholesterol, including that originally present, is then oxidized by cholesterol oxidase to cholest-4-en-3- one and hydrogen peroxide. The hydrogen peroxide combines with HBA and 4-aminoantipyrine to forma chromophore (quinoneimine dye) which may be quantitated at 500-550nm.
Kierunki oddziaływania Turcji wobec wyzwań regionalnej integracji politycznej w XXI wieku
Authors: Niemiec Jan
Published: May 2019

Celem niniejszej pracy jest analiza i próba oceny tureckiej polityki zagranicznej pod kątem wyzwań współczesnej integracji regionalnej. W części pierwszej zostały przedstawione czynniki determinujące obecną pozycję Turcji w regionie, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem dorobku sprawującej rządy nieprzerwanie od 2002 roku Partii Sprawiedliwości i Rozwoju. Następnie prześledzono działania tureckich władz względem Bliskiego Wschodu i Kaukazu Południowego – dwóch kluczowych regionów, stanowiących alternatywę dla stopniowo pogarszających się relacji Republiki Turcji z Unią Europejską. Ostatnia część pracy stanowi próbę określenia tendencji, mających wpływ na proces kształtowania się przyszłej polityki integracyjnej Ankary w odniesieniu do najbliższych sąsiadów.
Polityka reform systemów wyborczych do Zgromadzenia Narodowego w Bułgarii w latach 1990-2016
Authors: Sokół Wojciech
Published: May 2019

W Bułgarii w wyborach do Zgromadzenia Narodowego w okresie demokratyzacji systemu politycznego wykorzystywane były różne mechanizmy wyborcze. Pierwsze tranzycyjne wybory parlamentarne zostały przeprowadzone w oparciu o system mieszany. Następnie wykorzystywany był system proporcjonalny, z wyjątkiem wyborów w 2009 roku, w których zastosowano znów system mieszany. Formuła proporcjonalna w dalszym ciągu jest obowiązującym rozwiązaniem w bułgarskim kodeksie wyborczym pomimo kilkukrotnych prób jej zmiany, między innymi poprzez referendum. W polityce reform wyborczych główną rolę w tym państwie odgrywały partie polityczne.
Influence of the Russian TV product on the Ukrainian audience
Authors: Shevchenko Olena
Published: May 2019

W artykule opisano techniki upowszechniania rzetelnej informacji o Ukrainie w kontekście jej wpływu na społeczeństwo ukraińskie. Należy zauważyć, że obecność rosyjskich kanałów informacyjnych na ukraińskim rynku medialnym jest cześcią składową polityki zagranicznej Federacji Rosyjskiej. Autor stwierdził, że wpływ rosyjskich treści telewizyjnych na umysły ukraińskiego odbiorcy pozostaje znaczący. Próby ograniczenia rosyjskich kanałów informacyjnych przez ukraińskie organy nadzoru są nieskuteczne. Stwierdzono, że zakaz nadawania rosyjskiego przekazu zmusza widzów do szukania alternatywnych sposobów dostępu do rosyjskich kanałów telewizyjnych i zwiększa zainteresowanie nimi. Jednym ze sposobów rozwiązania zaistniałej sytuacji może być przedstawienie bardziej jakościowego i interesującego dla odbiorcy ukraińskiego krajowego produktu informacyjnego.
Bir Torefikasyon Reaktörünün Geliştirilmesi ve Kızıl Meşe “Quercus Rubra” Kullanılarak Farklı Torefikasyon Sıcaklıklarında Elde Edilen Biyokömür Yakıt Özelliklerinin Saptanması
Authors: AKTAŞ Türkan , BATUR Tolga
Published: May 2019

Bu
araştırmada, geleneksel üretime kıyasla daha kaliteli, hızlı ve kontrollü
koşullarda biyokömür elde etmek amacıyla bir torefikasyon reaktörünün imalatı
ve en uygun torefikasyon sıcaklığının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Elde edilen
örneklerin yakıt özellikleri klasik yöntemlerle (torluk oluşturma ve ticari
fırın metodu) elde edilen biyokömür örneklerinin yakıt özellikleri ile
karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla,
biyokömür elde etmek için geliştirilmiş reaktör kullanılarak 5 farklı
sıcaklıkta (220, 245, 260, 280, 300 °C) 
kızıl meşe “Quercus Rubra”
örnekleri torefiye edilmiş ve elde edilen örneklerin kısa analizleri yapılarak
ısıl değerleri ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlar klasik yöntemlerle elde
edilmiş olan ve piyasada satılan ticari ürünler ile karşılaştırılmıştır.
Analizler sonucu torefiye edilmiş ürünlerde en yüksek ısıl değer, 7135 cal g-1
ile 300 °C’de elde edilmiş örnekte saptanırken, en düşük ısıl değer ise
220 °C’ de elde edilmiş olan örnekte 5421.33 cal g-1 olarak belirlenmiştir.
Ayrıca, 300 °C’de elde edilen altı
numaralı numune
sahip olduğu nem ve kül oranı ile ticari anlamda satışı yapılan piyasa ürününü
geride bırakmıştır.  Numunelerde uçucu madde oranları %70-%80 aralığında, sabit
karbon oranları ise %20-%25 aralığında saptanmıştır. Uygulama sıcaklığı arttıkça
ısıl değerin arttığı, nem ve kül oranının düştüğü saptanmıştır. Nem, kül ve
uçucu madde miktarları açısından reaktörden elde edilen örneklerin, geleneksel
yöntemlerle elde edilen örneklere kıyasla daha iyi özelliklere sahip olduğu
belirlenmiştir. 300 °C' de elde edilmiş olan biyokömür örneklerinin ortalama
ısıl değeri (7135 cal g-1) ticari fırından elde edilen
biyokömürlerin ısıl değerinden (6003 cal g-1) oldukça yüksek
bulunurken,  klasik torluk oluşturma
yöntemiyle elde edilen örneklerinkine de oldukça yakın olduğu saptanmıştır.
Bursa Ekolojik Koşullarında Yetiştirilen Bazı Tritikale Çeşitlerinin Verim ve Kalite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: DOLGUN Canser , AYDOĞAN ÇİFCİ Esra
Published: May 2019

Bu
araştırma ülkemizde tescil edilen 6 tritikale çeşidi (Tatlıcak-97, Presto, Karma-2000,
Mikham-2002, Alperbey, Melez-2001) ile 3 yabancı kökenli tritikale çeşidinin (Eronga,
Nörtingen, Pol-1) Bursa şartlarında verim ve kalite özelliklerini belirlemek
amacıyla 2016-2017 ve 2017-2018 yıllarında tesadüf blokları deneme desenine
göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesinde yürütülmüştür.
İki yıllık birleştirilmiş varyans analiz sonuçlarına göre başakta tane sayısı özelliği
haricinde incelenen diğer özelliklerde genotipler arasındaki farklılıklar ile
başakta tane ağırlığı, hektolitre ağırlığı, dekara tane verimi ve protein oranı
özelliklerinde genotip × yıl interaksiyonu önemli bulunmuştur. İki yıllık
ortalama değerlere göre genotiplerin bitki boyları 99.6-119.8 cm, başak boyları
9.1-12.6 cm, başakçık sayıları 21.1-29.7 adet, başakta tane sayıları 34.3-54.3 adet,
başakta tane ağırlıkları 1.5- 2.8 g, 1000 tane ağırlıkları 37.6- 47.0 g,
hektolitre ağırlıkları 66.3-72.0 kg 100L-1,
tane verimleri 189.2-314.2 kg da-1 ve protein oranları % 10.6-12.1
olarak bulunmuştur. En yüksek tane verimi Nörtingen ve Karma-2000 çeşitlerinden
elde edilmiştir. Tatlıcak-97 çeşidi ise protein özelliği bakımından en yüksek
değerleri vermiştir. Özellikler arası ilişkilerde dekara tane verimi ile
başakta başakçık sayısı (r = 0,383**) ve başakta tane sayısı (r = 0,534**)
arasında pozitif ve önemli ilişki bulunmuştur
Arazi Toplulaştırma Projelerinde Arazi Parçalılık Analizi: Niğde İli Hasaköy ve Bağlama Köyleri Örneği
Authors: LÖK Emine , DEĞİRMENCİ Hasan
Published: May 2019

Bu
çalışmada Niğde ili Merkez ilçesinde bulunan Hasaköy ve Bağlama köyleri arazi
toplulaştırma projelerinin parçalılık yönünden değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Arazi toplulaştırma projelerinin başarı düzeyinin izlenmesi ve
değerlendirilmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada Januszewski ve Simmons
parçalılık indeksleri kullanılmıştır. Arazi toplulaştırma öncesi ve sonrası
göstergelerin dağılımını incelemek amacıyla boxplot grafiklerinden
yararlanılmış, ayrıca arazi toplulaştırma öncesi ve sonrası göstergeler
arasındaki farkları değerlendirmek amacıyla ise t-testi yapılmıştır. Arazi toplulaştırması sonucunda toplulaştırma
oranları Hasaköy’ de %38.35, Bağlama’ da ise %34.49 olmuştur. Sonuçta arazi
toplulaştırma öncesi ve sonrası durumda Januszewski ve Simmons indeksleri
arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak farklı (P<0.01) bulunmuştur. Januszewski
ve Simmons indeksleri arazi parçalılığını ölçmede yetersiz bulunmuştur. Ancak
bu indeksler hızlı bir değerlendirme gerektiğinde kullanışlıdır.
Hatay Koşullarında Farklı Aspir Çeşitlerinde Verim, Verim Unsurları ve Yağ İçeriğinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: ATAN Mühyedin , ŞAHİN Cenk Burak , İŞLER Necmi
Published: May 2019

Bazı
aspir çeşitlerinde verim, verim unsurları ve yağ içeriğinin tespit edilmesi
amacıyla yapılan bu çalışma, 2017-2018 ekim sezonunda kışlık olarak Hatay
Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi uygulama alanında yürütülmüştür.
Araştırma, tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 yinelemeli olarak
kurulmuştur. Denemede materyal olarak 8 aspir çeşidi (Olas, Asol, Linas,
Zirkon, Göktürk, Balcı, Dinçer, Olein) kullanılmıştır. Yapılan istatistiki
analiz sonucunda incelenen özelliklerin farklı seviyelerde önemli olduğu; tohum
verimi (262.78 kg da-1), ham yağ oranı (%38.49) ve ham yağ verimi
(101.17 kg da-1) değerleri bakımından Asol çeşidinin, bitki başına
tabla sayısı (16.20 adet) ve bin tane ağırlığı (45.56 g) bakımından Dinçer
çeşidinin, ilk dal yüksekliği (115.90 cm) ve bitki boyu (163.67 cm) bakımından
Linas çeşidinin üstün olduğu belirlenmiştir. Tablada tohum sayısı (23.70 adet)
bakımından Göktürk üstün olurken, Balcı çeşidinde bitki başına dal sayısı (8.50
adet) fazla olduğu halde tohum ve ham yağ veriminin düşük olduğu tespit
edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları Hatay koşullarında Asol çeşidinin başarı ile
yetiştirilebileceğini göstermiştir.
Pamukta (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Yatay ve Dikey Çiçeklenme Aralıklarının Kalıtımı
Authors: GÜVERCİN Ramazan Şadet , OĞLAKÇI Mustafa
Published: May 2019

Pamukta çok sayıda erkencilik özelliği kullanılmaktadır.
Yatay  (YÇA) ve dikey çiçeklenme aralığı
(DÇA), bu özelliklerden ikisidir. Bu çalışma, YÇA ve DÇA kalıtımı (H ve h2)
ile ebeveynlerin genel (GUY), melezlerin ise özel uyuşma yeteneğini (ÖUY) belirlemek
amacıyla Kahramanmaraş’ta yürütülmüştür. 2010 yılında, geçci ve orta erkenci
dört pamuk çeşidi ana, erkenci iki çeşit ise baba olarak kullanılmış ve Line x
Tester analiz yöntemine uygun melezlemeyle sekiz F1 kombinasyonu
geliştirilmiştir. 2011 yılında da ebeveynler ile melezler 26 Nisan ve 04
Haziran tarihlerinde, tesadüf blokları deneme deseninde, üç tekerrürlü ekilmiştir.
Çalışma sonucunda, genotipler önemli ve özelliklerin
kalıtımı yüksek bulunurken, YÇA 4.99, DÇA ise 2.86 gün olmuş ve ekim zamanı
geciktikçe YÇA ortalama % -13.99, DÇA ise % -8.36 azalmıştır. Furkan ve Primera
çok önemli GUY’ne sahip olurken, melezlerin ÖUY önemsiz bulunmuştur. YÇA’nın
kalıtımı, ekim zamanından etkilenmemiş, DÇA kalıtımı ise geç ekimde yükselmiştir.
Bu durum, eklemeli gen etkisinin yüksekliği ve üstün dominantlıktan
kaynaklanırken, çok sayıda özelliğin etkilediği kütlü verimi, ekim geciktikçe
ebeveynlerde % -44.39, melezlerde ise % -37.91 oranında azalmıştır.
Investigation of In-vivo Pb(NO3)2 Toxicity with Physiological, Biochemical and Cytogenetic Parameters
Authors: GİRASUN Nurcan , YALÇIN Emine , ACAR Ali , ÇAVUŞOĞLU Kürşat , ÇAVUŞOĞLU Kültigin
Published: May 2019

In this study, physiological, anatomical
and cytogenetic effects of different doses of Pb(NO3)2 in
Allium cepa L. were investigated. The root
length, percentage of germination and weight increase were used as
physiological parameters and chromosomal damage frequency, mitotic index (MI)
and micronucleus (MN) frequency were determined as cytogenetic parameters.  The anatomical damages were
investigated by examining the root tip cross sections of the plant. To
determine the toxicity, a control and three administration groups were formed
and the treatment groups were germinated with 50, 100 and 200 mg of L-1Pb(NO3)2 at 25°C for 72 hours. The result of
experiment indicated that Pb(NO3)2application decreased the germination percentage,
root length, weight gain and MI, and increased the MN frequency and chromosomal
damage formations.  It
was observed that Pb(NO3)2 induced chromosomal damages such as
the unequal distribution of chromatin, fragment, sticky chromosome, chromosome
bridge and c-mitosis. In addition, Pb(NO3)2application caused the anatomic damages including cortex
cell wall thickening, cell deformation, nonspecific transmission tissue,
necrosis, accumulation of some substances in the cortex cells and flattened
cell nucleus in A. cepa root end
meristematic cells. As a result, Pb(NO3)2
was found to cause
physiological, anatomical and cytogenetic toxicity depending the application
dose and it was determined that A. cepa
was a strong bioindicator in determining the toxicity.
A pharmacological study on the effect of calendula officinalis extract on wound healing in animals
Authors: Kumar Ranjeet , Zilate Sarju R. , Varma Sushil , Kumari Sweety
Published: May 2019

Background: Calendula officinalis is one of those plants which have medicinal importance due to its flowers (HECO) has pharmacological activity the important pharmacological parameters have been less investigated properly and can be scientifically proved by reverse pharmacology. It was found of interest to evaluate these properties of extract of flowers of Calendula officinalis.Methods: Study was conducted in Albino Wistar rats. For evaluating wound healing activity Excision wound model and Incision wound mode were used containing 4 groups each. The wound contraction was studied by tracing the raw wound area on graph paper. Scar area and time for complete epithelisation were measured. The percentage of wound contraction was recorded. The differences between experimental groups were compared by ANOVA followed by Students “t” unpaired test.Results: In the excision wound healing model, 5% and 10% flowers showed a highly significant reduction in wound area as compared with control. In incision wound model, rats treated with 5% and 10% ointment of Calendula officinalis flowers extract showed highly significant increase in tensile strength as compared to control.Conclusions: It was found that the Calendula extract enhanced the wound healing in both the models as seen by increased synthesis of connective tissue especially collagen. There was a significant increase in the granuloma tissue. In both the models wound contraction and increased tensile strength was found to be statistically significant.
Rational Use of Oxidized Coals
Authors: Shevchenko T.V. , Ustinova Yu. V. , Popov A.M. , Novikova Ya.A. , Fairushin Sh.A.
Published: May 2019

The ways of processing large-tonnage coal mining waste – oxidized coal into technical and agricultural products – are presented based on the rational and efficient use of some modified physico-chemical properties of original coal materials. Studied ways of rational use of oxidized coal in agriculture, based on effective use of coal derived humic acids: as an additive of its crushed fractions on the fields for growing grain and tuberous plants, as well as for the production of humic preparations (fertilizes, biological active additives based on humic acids for arable farming and animal husbandry). Proposed new methods of reclamation of disturbed lands with the help of microbiological destructors of oxidized coal.
Global View of HIV Prevalence in Prisons: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: SAYYAH Mehdi , RAHIM Fakher , KAYEDANI Gholam Abbas , SHIRBANDI Kiarash , SAKI-MALEHI Amal
Published: May 2019

Background: We aimed to estimate the global prevalence of HIV, as well as cross-countries comparison in people who are in prison.
Methods: We systematically assessed published studies reporting HIV prevalence among prisoners in the world. We searched international datasets banks, including PubMed, SCOPUS, Cumulative Index to Nursing and ISI web of science along with local databases and included original articles reporting data on the prevalence of HIV from 1980 to 2017.
Results: We included 72 studies that reported HIV prevalence for 2,275,930 adult male and female prisoners. The pooled estimate of HIV prevalence was 3.4% (95% CI 3.2%-3.6%); however, the prevalence of HIV across individual studies varied considerably (ranging from 0 in Bosnia and Herzegovina to More than 20% in Iran, Zambia, Spain) and statistical heterogeneity was substantial (I2=0.99, Q=121; P<0.0001). The prevalence of HIV among prisoners in the continents Asia, Africa, North America and Europe was estimated as 3.0% (95% CI 3.3%-4.3 %), 6% (95% CI -0.0%–2.0%), 4% (95% CI 3.0%-4.0%), 5.0% (95% CI 0.0%–11%), respectively.
Conclusion: Protecting prisoners’ health protects general public health. Successful HIV preventive measures in prisons include provision of HIV education and information; clean needles and syringes; drug treatment; and condoms. Governments have a moral and ethical obligation to prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS in prisons and to provide compassionate care, treatment and support for those infected.
Impacts of Hospital Payment based on Diagnosis Related Groups (DRGs) with Global Budget on Resource Use and Quality of Care: A Case Study in China
Authors: YUAN Suwei , LIU Wenwei , WEI Fengqing , ZHANG Haichen , WANG Suping , ZHU Weijun , MA Jin
Published: May 2019

Background: China has implemented numerous pilots to shift its hospital payment mechanism from the traditional retrospective cost-based system to prospective diagnosis-related-group (DRG) -based system. This study investigated the impact of the DRG payment reform with global budget in Zhongshan, China.
Methods: A total of 2895 patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were selected from local two largest tertiary hospitals, among which 727 were discharged prior to the payment reform and 2168 afterwards. Difference-in-difference (DID) regression models were used to evaluate the policy effects on patients’ percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) use, hospital expenditures, in-hospital mortality, and readmission rates within 30 days after discharge.
Results: Patients’ PCI use and hospital expenditures increased quickly after the payment reform. With patients with no local insurance scheme as reference, PCI use for local insured patients decreased significantly by 4.55 percent (95 percent confidence interval [CI]: 0.23, 0.72), meanwhile the total hospital expenses decreased significantly by US$986.10 (b=-0.15, P=0.0037) after reform. No changes were observed with patients’ hospital mortality and readmission rates in our study.
Conclusion: The innovative DRG-based payment reform in Zhongshan suggested a positive effect on AMI patient’s cost containment but negative effect on encouraging resource use. It had no impacts on patients’ care quality. Cost shifting consequence from the insured to the uninsured was observed. More evidence of the impacts of the DRG-based payment in China’s health scenario is needed before it is generalized nationwide
Effects of Lung Protective Ventilation on the Cognitive Function Level of Patients with Esophageal Cancer
Authors: WEI Shuming , LI Shengde , DONG He , XIAO Wenming , LI Mingsheng , CHU Haichen
Published: May 2019

Background: We intended to investigate the effects of lung protective ventilation on the cognitive function level of patients with esophageal cancer.
Methods: Overall, 132 patients with esophageal cancer admitted to Taian Central Hospital, Taian China from January 2013 to January 2017 were enrolled in the study. According to the random number table method, they were divided into observation group and control group, 66 cases each. All patients underwent general anesthesia for thoracoscopic esophageal cancer radical operation, and lung protective ventilation and conventional positive pressure ventilation were used respectively. The levels of SOD, NSE and MDA, MMSE score and WMS memory quotient in the blood of the elbow vein were compared between the two groups at different times.
Results: The levels of SOD and MMSE in the observation group at T2 and T3 were higher than those in the control group, and the NSE and MDA levels were lower than those in the control group (P=0.013, 0.033, 0.015, 0.044, 0.034, 0.029, 0.014, 0.017). The incidence of postoperative cognitive impairment was lower in the observation group than in the control group (P=0.007). The WMS memory quotient scores of the patients in the T2, T3, and T4 observation groups were higher than those in the control group (p=0.009, 0.032, 0.040).
Conclusion: Lung protective ventilation can reduce the oxidative stress injury for patients and improve their postoperative cognitive function and memory ability.
Features of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury and Relationships with Coping Methods among College Students
Authors: WU Jinting , LIU Hairong
Published: May 2019

Background: This study investigated the nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) presentation and the features of coping methods among college students, in addition to analyzing the factors that influence self-injury behavior.
Methods: From April to November 2016, 2,520 undergraduate students who were studying in some colleges in Anhui Province in China were surveyed using the Self-Injury Behavioral Survey Questionnaire and the Coping Styles Questionnaire (CSQ).
Results: The detection rate of self-injury behavior among college students was 13.73%. Frequent Internet use and smoking were associated with self-injury behavior (P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences between the self-injury group and the non-self-injury group in terms of the coping methods of problem-solving, self-reproach, help-seeking, and illusions (P < 0.01). According to the logistic regression analysis of the students, their place of origin, mother’s education, family finances, family type, family relationships, gender, frequent Internet use, and smoking were associated with self-injury behavior (P< 0.01). Self-reproach and withdrawal were risk factors for self-injury behavior while problem-solving and rationalization were protective factors for self-injury behavior.
Conclusion: Students who frequently use the Internet and smoke are more prone to self-injury. College students’ choices of problem-solving and rational coping styles in the face of pressure are conducive to preventing nonsuicidal self-injury.
Gender Comparisons of Asymmetric Lateralization in Neurodegenerative Disorder Patients via E-Pen Based Cognitive Assessment System
Authors: JEE Haemi , PARK Jaehyun
Published: May 2019

Background: The clinical gender-dependent characteristics of visuospatial neglect between men and women have not been elucidated in Korean patients with cognitive impairment. The goal of this study was to observe the asymmetric lateralization in patients using a novel e-pen based cognitive assessment system.
Methods: A total of 31 patients, 16 men and 15 women, with early stage hemispheric cerebral dysfunction were recruited for the assessment of unilateral neglect suing a novice paper-and-pencil based electronic evaluation system from a rehabilitation center of Inha University hospital in 2016. Results were assessed for degrees of deviations, and numbers of neglected lines. Degree of deviation was assessed using the positions and distances from the horizontal line centers. Effect sizes were calculated to assess proximities between the assessed results.
Results: Comparatively greater left and rightward biasness for the right-sided and left-sided horizontal lines were observed for the male patients, respectively. Moreover, greater degree of left to rightward biasness was observed as the horizontal lines shortened in both groups. However, the magnitude of biasness in female patients showed comparatively less directional bias, indicating greater prevalence for the center of mass effect in male patients.
Conclusion: Gender difference in visuospatial neglect seems to exist with less accuracy in recognition for the bisecting center for the female and asymmetrical lateralization and magnitude of deviation for the male patients.
Diagnostic Value of Two-Dimensional plus Four-Dimensional Ultrasonography in Fetal Craniocerebral Anomalies
Authors: WANG Yingjin , CHEN Xiaoyuan , ZHONG Shujuan , ZHANG Rong , PAN Yanyan , AN Peili , GAO Xinru
Published: May 2019

Background: To assess the clinical value of two-dimensional (2D) plus four-dimensional (4D) ultrasonography in diagnosis of fetal craniocerebral anomalies.
Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on the sonographic features of 83 maternity patients admitted to Northwest Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Xian China from January 2013 to December 2017 diagnosed with suspected fetal anomalies of the brain and skull through 2D and 4D ultrasonography.
Results: Fifty six patients were diagnosed with the anomalies by 2D ultrasonography only, 65 patients by 4D ultrasonography only, and 74 patients by 2D plus 4D ultrasonography.76 patients were confirmed to have fetal craniocerebral anomalies after birth or induced labor. Diagnostic accuracies of 2D ultrasound only, 4D ultrasound only, and 2D plus 4D ultrasound were 68.67%, 81.93% and 95.18%, respectively (P<0.05). The accuracy of 2D plus 4D ultrasound was greater than those of 2D ultrasound only and 4D ultrasound only, and the accuracy of 4D ultrasound only was higher than that of 2D ultrasound only (P<0.05). The sensitivity of 2D plus 4D ultrasound was greater than those of 2D ultrasound only and 4D ultrasound only (P<0.05). The specificity of 2D plus 4D ultrasound was greater than those of 2D ultrasound only and 4D ultrasound only (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Combined ultrasonography can better differentiate fetal craniocerebral anomalies, providing early and more accurate information for clinicians as well as maternity patients to make a decision. This clinical practice would be valuable for improving the quality of the newborn population.