bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The classification of a ‘maritime claim’ in South Africa under the Admiralty Jurisdiction Regulation Act
Authors: Gevers Amy Harpur , Surbun Vishal
Published: February 2023

The definition of ‘maritime claim’ in s 1 of the Admiralty Jurisdiction Regulation Act 105 of 1983 is the gatekeeper to the exercise of admiralty jurisdiction. It is accordingly critical that the process of classifying a claim as a maritime claim is certain and predictable. However, the elasticity of the wording in the definition can create confusion for claimants in borderline cases. In Kuehne & Nagel (Pty) Ltd v Moncada Energy Group SRL 2016 JDR 0312 (GJ) the court formulated the ‘legally relevant connection’ test to assist it in classifying a claim to enforce a demand guarantee. The test was subsequently relied on in Twende Africa Group (Pty) Ltd v MFV Qavak 2018 JDR 0238 (ECP) in classifying a damages claim for unlawful contractual interference. This article examines the ‘legally relevant connection’ test in the context of both cases to assess whether it is consistent with the definition of ‘maritime claim’. We show that the reasoning followed in Kuehne & Nagel is flawed in several respects, revealing certain fundamental weaknesses of the test. However, the decision in Twende demonstrates that the test is capable of yielding results that align with the policy justification for the exercise of admiralty jurisdiction.
The relationship between reaction to a moving object with concentrations of biogenic amines and kynematic-dynamic parameters of complex coordination movement in elite alpine skiers
Authors: Kryuchkov A. S. , Fedoseev A. M. , Missina S. S. , Dudko G. A. , Myakinchenko E. B.
Published: February 2023

Aim of the study: to identify mutual interaction between the reaction to a moving object with functional state of the central nervous system and kinematic-dynamic parameters of complex coordination movement.

Materials and methods: 9 elite alpine skiers were participated in this study. Visual-motor coordination variables were assessed by computer complex for psychophysiological testing NS-Psychotest (Neurosoft, Russia). Dynamic parameters of complex coordination movement during counter movement jump were registered on the MuscleLab Force Plate (Ergotest Innovation A.S., Norway). Quantitation of hormones — adrenaline and noradrenaline as well as neurotransmitters — dopamine and serotonin in blood samples was performed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph combined with triple quadrupole mass analyzer LCMS-8060 (Shimadzu, Japan).

Results: a significant negative relationship between the maximum output of motor efforts during counter movement jump, mean reaction time and the number of negative reactions recorded within visual-motor coordination testing was documented. A reliable positive relationship between excitation processes, jump power and jump time was established. Increases in noradrenaline and serotonin concentrations are positively associated with the number of accurate reactions, whereas dopamine level was positively correlated with jump altitude.

Conclusion: the predominance of excitation over inhibition processes in the central nervous system had a positive effect on reducing the time spent on counter moving and increasing the maximum power of movement. As applied to alpine skiers we registered the following relationship: the higher the speeds of signal perception and muscle activation when solving a visual-motor task, the higher the power of working efforts, the shorter the time of the eccentric phase and total time spent on performing counter movement jump.
Shock wave therapy evaluation in the complex treatment of athletes with lateral epicondylitis
Authors: Ivanov M. V. , Samoylov A. S. , Zhestyankin N. R.
Published: February 2023

Objective:to evaluate the effectiveness of shock wave therapy in the complex treatment of athletes with lateral epicondylitis in comparison with standard methods of treatment.

Materials and methods:On outpatient treatment in the period from 2019 to 2022. There were 168 athletes diagnosed with Lateral epicondylitis, including 78 women (46.4 %) and 90 men (53.6 %) aged 20 to 45 years. The mean age of the patients was 31.48 ± 6.72 years. The average duration of the disease was 33.68 ± 28.17 days. To achieve the set goals and objectives, a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted. We used a clinical examination of patients, a study of carpal dynamometry of the affected arm, an assessment of the level of pain and quality of life using the QuickDash and Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation (PRTEE) scales, statistical research methods, as well as the use of standard treatment for lateral epicondylitis and radial shock wave therapy with an assessment of effectiveness one month after treatment.

Results:shock wave therapy in the complex treatment of athletes with lateral epicondylitis, compared with standard methods of treatment, improved the quality of life and reduced pain three weeks after the start of treatment and has a more pronounced effect in the long term (p < 0.05); allowed to reduce the intensity of the signal from the bone tissue (trabecular edema) according to the results of magnetic resonance imaging.

Conclusion:the expediency of using shock wave therapy in the complex treatment of athletes with lateral epicondylitis is substantiated, which makes it possible to recommend its use in practical healthcare.
Possibilities of echocardiographic screening in athletes. Part 1. Normal values
Authors: Sharykin A. S. , Badtieva V. A. , Ivanova Iu. M. , Usmanov D. M.
Published: February 2023

Objective: assess the suitability of existing domestic and international recommendations for the use of echocardiography as a screening method for examining athletes; to select standards that characterize the heart in different sports, based on their own research.Materials and methods: a meta‑analysis of 38 domestic and foreign literature sources based on the results of an echocardiographic examination of athletes was carried out. The indicators of 2647 male athletes aged 16 to 45 years old, playing for the national teams of the city of Moscow and having passed an in‑depth medical examination at the Sports Medicine Clinic, were studied.Results: heart sizes in athletes differ slightly from population indicators, however, in 14–45% of cases they go beyond the reference values. In the absence of heart disease, the largest dimensions of the left ventricle (LV) are observed in endurance exercisers. At the same time, high functionality correlates with increased LV volume indexed by BCA (for EDV/BSA and VO2 AT r = 0.52, p < 0.05).Conclusion: echocardiographic screening of athletes allows obtaining sufficient information to identify congenital or pathology that has arisen during excessive training loads. As standards, it is advisable to use population indicators expressed in centile values.
The Frequency of Whorl Patterns on the Fingertip of the Thai, Kinh H’mong Ethnic Students in Thuan Chau District, Son La Province
Authors: Mai Van Hung , Tran Thi Minh
Published: February 2023

The study was conducted on 784 students aged 14 to 17 (383 male students and 401 female students), who were randomly selected, in Son La province. Following the standards of morphological and anthropological studies, this study aims to investigate the frequency of Whorl patterns on the fingertip of these students. The study shows that the frequency of Whorl patterns on students’ fingertips is 10.89% higher than other types of fingerprint patterns. Whorl patterns are more likely to be found on finger IV with the rate of 15.04% and rarely seen on finger V (7.4%)  in all three ethnic groups (Thai, Kinh, H’Mong). The Kinh ethnic group has a higher rate of Whorl pattern than the other two groups. Moreover, the distribution of Whorl patterns is higher on the right hand than the left hand. The frequency of Whorl patterns on fingertips of all 3 ethnic groups follows the following sequence: Wc> Ws> Wdl> Wcp.
Methods and means of creating a comic effect of irony in discourse
Authors: Parmonov Alisher
Published: February 2023

Stylistic paths give the colorful meaning of the meaning of discourse; therefore they are usually used in literal text. One of them, is irony. Irony is a type of stylistic technique that will be investigated in this article. The purpose of the article is to find out some of its types. Moreover, some literary works, including irony, are illustrated.
Фуқаролик жамияти институтларининг ҳуқуқий табиати: илмий-назарий таҳлил
Authors: Нариманов Бекзод
Published: February 2023

Мамлакатда олиб борилаётган ислоҳотларнинг туб замирида фуқаролик жамияти институтларини қўллаб-қувватлаш, уларнинг фаолият доирасини кенгайтириш орқали жамият фаровонлигини таъминлаш, жамият аъзоларининг фуқаролик фаоллиги, миллий ўз-ўзини англаши, сиёсий маданияти ва юксак маънавиятини юксалтиришга кўмаклашиш, уларни ўз-ўзини ҳурмат қилиш, мустақил фикрлаш, ўз салоҳиятини рўёбга чиқариш, ўз келажагини ўз хоҳиши билан қуриш истагини шакллантириш ётади. Фуқаролик жамияти институтлари тушунчаси илмий адабиётларда келтирилган бўлса-да, лекин норматив-ҳуқуқий ҳужжатларда мазкур институтнинг ҳуқуқий мақоми белгиланмаган. Мазкур мақола фуқаролик жамиятининг бир нечта институтларининг ташкилий-ҳуқуқий шакллари, олимларнинг фикрлари ҳамда миллий қонунчиликда мавжуд нормалар асосида таҳлил қилинган. Шунингдек, фуқаролик жамияти институтлари ва давлат бошқарув фаолиятларидаги чегарасини ёритишга ҳаракат қилинди. Мазкур тадқиқот ишида хорижий адабиётлардан ва чет эл давлатларининг ҳуқуқий тизимларидан мақоладан кўзланган мақсадга эришиш учун фойдаланилди.
Францияда IV республика сиёсий тизими ва унинг инқирози
Authors: Эргашев Шуҳрат
Published: February 2023

Иккинчи жаҳон урушида Франция мағлубиятга учради. Шундан сўнг бошланган қаршилик ҳаракати 1944 йили Франциянинг озод қилиниши билан якунланди. 1946 йили таъсис этилган IV Республика парламент республикаси эди. Урушдан кейинги оғир даврда эса Франция барқарор ривожланишни таъминлайдиган бошқарув тизимига эҳтиёж сезди. Аммо кўплаб сўл ва ўнг партиялар вакилларидан ташкил топган ҳукумат барқарорликни таъминлай олмади. Бу ҳолатга ташқи сиёсатдаги қийинчиликлар ҳам қўшилиб, 1958 йилда IV Республика даврига якун ясалди.
KNOW YOUR CUSTOMERS TO WIN YOUR BUSINESS
Authors: Dr. K. Vimala
Published: February 2023

Today`s consumer factor receives the highest priority and has become the formula of success for the Marketers. Consumer satisfaction has become the important factor for any business to succeed. In the 21st century consumer behavior concept has gained momentum and has evolved as a separate area for research by various academicians, research scholars, marketers, business men and other parties involved for customer satisfaction. Consumer behavior is everything and everything is consumer behavior. Economic liberalization of India paved the way for the entry of multinationals to India and sellers market turned buyer market as supply exceeds demand. The success or failure of marketing organizations depends upon how effectively the marketers are able to attract the consumers and develop a relationship with them. The crux of the success is to understand how and why consumers make specific decisions and behave in certain ways. What motivates them to buy? is million dollar question. The solution for this question is understanding the psychology of the consumers can give a great opening for many businesses. This involves understanding the demographics, lifestyles, personalities, values culture and family influences on the consumer. In this light, understanding the behavior of a consumer has become a panacea of success for the marketers. According to my opinion utilizing the knowledge of the consumer behavior in the development of marketing strategy is an art. This paper tries to highlight the classification of customers into different types. It would also give an insight into how to deal with different types of customers and what are the factors influencing the customer in his decision making process.
Stakeholders` Perceptions of the Factors Affecting the Teaching and Learning of Early Childhood Development Learners in Marondera Urban
Authors: Tayengwa Beatrice , Bukaliya Richard
Published: February 2023

This study aimed at establishing stakeholders’ perceptions of factors affecting the teaching and learning of Early Childhood Development (ECD) children in Marondera Urban, Zimbabwe. The study adopted the case study design to provide a detailed understanding of the views voiced by respondents, who included school heads, ECD teachers, and SDC members who represented the community. Questionnaires were administered on ECD teachers while school heads and SDC members were interviewed. Documents on staffing and enrolment were accessed to substantiate claims made by respondents in questionnaires and interviews. A total population of 156 respondents was of interest to this study. The researchers selected 8 primary school heads, 56 ECD teachers and 10 School Development Committee (SDC) members adding up to 74 sampled respondents selected through random sampling. Some of the major findings were that in some instances, unqualified ECD teachers were being recruited as highlighted by most respondents. Most of school heads provided appropriate supervision and guidance to ECD teachers and this positively affected the teaching and learning. Poor remuneration for ECD teachers was negatively affecting the teaching and learning of ECD learners although in some instances NGOs chipped in with some incentives to motivate the ECD teachers. Since the teacher-pupil ratio was higher than what was expected, coupled with the shortage or resources such as furniture, textbooks, workbooks, and other teaching and learning materials at school, this hindered effective teaching and learning of ECD children. The study recommended that there should be more training to ECD teachers so that they become professional personal in the teaching and learning of ECD children to avoid developmental delays. There should be workshops that have to be held at ECD centres especially on the development of ECD children mostly to the para-professional to gain experience. School heads should continue assessing, monitoring, and supervising their ECD teachers to maintain guidance and for the better development of ECD children.
Binge Drinking Among College Students: Trends, Consequences and Possible Solutions
Authors: Kamalu Ngozi Caleb
Published: February 2023

This research explores the rates and trends of students’ indulgence in excessive or high-risk drinking behaviors on college campuses in the United States. Some of its intents are to assess the prevalence of binge drinking among college students, its effects on the involved drinkers and nondrinkers, identify some of the risk factors associated with binge drinking, and then present mitigating strategies to reduce its incidents. The study found that those who are more predisposed to engage in binge drinking are those with low efficacy to refuse excessive alcohol drinking and those who have low importance of religion. Others include those with a family history of alcoholism, have membership in fraternity/ sorority and poor academic success, and have peers who use alcohol. Among the negative consequences and effects on those who engage in binge drinking identified include falling victim to alcohol-related sexual assault or date rape; drunk driving, high suicide rate, and indulgence in negative acts and behaviors such as rioting, bullying, and vandalism. This investigation concludes with its identification of mitigation strategies and measures necessary to prevent or reduce the high incidents of binge drinking among college students that include raising public awareness using media campaigns on related harms and preventive measures; institution and enforcement of strict campus alcohol policy; banning or restricting alcohol sales near college campuses, in dormitories and during college campus events; training beer and beverage servers on signs and symptoms of overdrinking to take precautionary actions such as denying, suspending or cutting off alcohol services once high-risk behaviors associated with overdrinking is dictated or observed. With the proper and meticulous implementation and enforcement of the above measures, the high incidents of binge drinking among college students in the United States will be drastically, greatly, and significantly reduced.
RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL DO ESTADO POR CONDUTA OMISSIVA
Authors: Paulo Sales Junior Reinaldo , Paulo Sales João
Published: February 2023

RESUMO: Responsabilidade Civil do Estado é o dever do Poder Público de reparar o dano causado por sua atuação. Em um primeiro momento vigorou-se a ideia de irresponsabilidade do Estado, que evoluiu até a presente fase da responsabilidade objetiva, que dispensa o elemento culpa para sua configuração. A responsabilidade objetiva funda-se, especialmente, na teoria do risco administrativo e possui a mais ampla proteção na teoria do risco integral. Na primeira, diferentemente da segunda teoria, admitem-se as excludentes da responsabilidade, que correspondem a casos em que não se reúnem seus elementos (ato, dano e nexo causal). O ordenamento jurídico pátrio consagra no artigo 37, parágrafo 6º, da Constituição Federal a responsabilidade objetiva, que a doutrina e jurisprudência vinculam justamente com a teoria do risco administrativo. Porém, nos casos de omissão estatal, ainda tem prevalecido a ideia de aplicação de responsabilidade subjetiva, em detrimento do preceito esculpido em nossa Carta, sendo que em casos de omissão específica, dever-se-ia afastar o elemento culpa para melhor observância da regra constitucional.
FUZZY LOGIC CONTROL (FLC) FOR A YARN CONDITIONING SYSTEM
Authors: AKARSLAN KODALOĞLU Feyza , KODALOĞLU Murat
Published: February 2023

Conditioning machines have a wide use in the textile industry. For this reason, it is important to control the conditioning machines precisely. Fuzzy logic control has found successful application areas in the control of electrical machines. In this study, fuzzy logic control was used to control the conditioning system. In the computer aided conditioning experiment setup developed for this purpose, information is received via sensors, the measurement values are directly transferred to the computer, and the control of the system is done via the computer. Different experimental measurements were used to evaluate the reliability of FLC. In this study, 100% cotton selected in the most used number range in the market. Yarns in a vacuum environment with saturated steam at different pressures and temperatures. Measurements were taken one hour after conditioning 1 day then repeat after 1 week, after 2 weeks, and after 3 week. A fuzzy model of the yarn conditioning system was created using experimental data. Control of the conditioning machines with fuzzy logic controller (controller) has been done successfully. It has been observed that the fuzzy logic controller works very well, catches the desired set value in a short time and keeps the system at this value.
Machine Learning Based IoT Network Intrusion Detection Classification
Authors: Dr. Jyoti Deshmukh  , Pooja Hargude  , Divya Ghate  , Sacchidanand Linge  , Rahul Mahajan
Published: February 2023

IoT network is a promising technology, IoT implementation is growing rapidly but cybersecurity is still a loophole, detection of attacks in IOT infrastructures is a growing concern in the field of IoT. With the increased use of Internet of Things in different areas, cyber-attacks are also increasing proportionately and can cause failures in the system. IDS become the leading security solution. Anomaly based network intrusion detection (IDS) detection plays a major role in protecting networks against various malicious activities. Improving the security of loT networks has become one of the most critical issues. This is due to the large-scale development and deployment of loT devices and the insufficiency of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) to be deployed for the use of special purpose networks. In this article, the performance of several machine learning models has been compared to accurately predict attacks on IoT systems, the case of imbalanced classes was subsequently treated using the SMOTE technique.
Recent Advances in Control of Red Rot in Sugarcane – An Overview
Authors: Thineshkumar J  , K. Surendran  , N. Indianraj
Published: February 2023

Sugarcane is cash crop grown commercially throughout India. India is blessed with sub continent climatic condition that favours the growth of sugarcane. The major problem in Sugarcane is Red rot disease caused by Collectotrichumfalcatum which is often called as of sugarcane. It is the most devastating disease which causes great loss to the farmers. cancer Drought also increases susceptibility to disease. This disease was characterized by discolouration of leaf, reddening of internal tissues with intermingled transverse white spot and development of black fruiting body (Acevruli) on the rind. It was controlled by many methods namely Chemical, cultural, botanicals, nanomaterials and so on. This article gives detail information about the control measures of red rot of sugarcane.
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN DENGAN BOOKLET TAS SIAGA BENCANA TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN PENYINTAS SIKLON SEROJA DI KABUPATEN KUPANG
Authors: Muskananfola Istha Leanni , Feoh Fepyani Thresna
Published: February 2023

Pada bulan April tahun 2021 terjadi badai siklon tropis seroja yang melanda 10 kabupaten dan 1 kota di Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT). Pada saat terjadi bencana, sejumlah pengungsi berkumpul tanpa membawa makanan, pakaan, air minum dan alat kebersihan diri yang memadai. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya pemberian pendidikan kesehatatan terkait pentingnya Tas Siaga Bencana (TSB) yang dapat menampung kebutuhan pada saat terjadi bencana. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan dengan media booklet terhadap pengetahuan tentang TSB pada masyarakat penyintas siklon tropis seroja di Kabupaten Kupang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain pra eksperimen one group pre-post design. Responden yang terlibat berjumlah 200 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan p value 0,000 yang berarti ada pengaruh pemberian pendidikan kesehatan dengan media booklet terhadap pengetahuan tentang TSB pada masyarakat penyintas siklon tropis seroja di Kabupaten Kupang. Pengetahuan tentang TSB penting diketahui oleh masyarakat karena menjadi salah satu rencana kesiapsiagaan dalam menghadapi bencana.

 

Kata Kunci: Pengetahuan, Tas Siaga Bencana, Booklet
PEMBINAAN KETERAMPILAN MENGAJAR SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI GURU
Authors: Famila Rosa , Maunah Binti
Published: February 2023

Abstract : In going through the millennial era as it is today, the world of education is a very complex thing. Over time, education in Indonesia continues to show very rapid development progress. Developments in the world of education cannot be separated from the role and performance of the teacher. The role and performance of teachers greatly affect the quality of education. In achieving the goal of good quality education, it is necessary to provide guidance to teachers. Teacher performance coaching here is held to assist and serve teachers in improving the quality of knowledge, skills, attitudes, discipline, as well as meeting the needs and welfare of teachers, so that teachers have the spirit and ability to be creative and make more efforts to always improve their performance in order to improve the teaching and learning process and in achieve educational success within the institution..

 

Keywords: Coaching, Teacher performance, Teacher Skills
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI GEOMETRY OF MATHEMATICS (GEOMATHICS) DENGAN METODE GAMIFIKASI UNTUK MENGATASI LEARNING LOSS PASCA PANDEMI
Authors: Purnama Sephia Rahayu , Dari Sekar Wulan , Ilham Slamet Muhammad , Kristianti Lina , Prasetyani Tamara Jasmine , Nurfahrudianto Aan
Published: February 2023

This study originaled from students problems who identificated a learning loss during Pandemic COVID-19. Starting that problem there is a need for a learning media that can be used by students to reduce the danger of learning loss. This research was conducted with R&D approach (Research and Development), which produces a learning media by adapting the method of ADDIE.. The purpose of this research is to create an android application-based learning media, namely Geometry of Mathematics (GEOMATHICS) to overcome Learning Loss with the gamification method. The results obtained from the validation indicate that the GEOMATHICS application has met the eligibility criteria for learning media obtained from the validation results with the results of the assessment being 80% from material experts, 90% from media experts and 94% from practicing experts. With the results obtained the average assessment of learning media is 88%, which is included in the very good category and does not need to be revised. Therefore, the results of data analysis obtained have answered the problem formulation, namely the GEOMATHICS application has met the eligibility criteria to be applied in the learning process at SMP Plus Rahmat Kediri.
PENGUATAN PENDIDIKAN MULTIKULTURAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PPKn DI SMK KARYA WATES
Authors: Mutmainnah Fitri , Sugara Harry
Published: February 2023

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui penguatan pendidikan multikultural dalam pembelajaran PPKn di SMK Karya Wates. Subjek penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, guru PPKn, serta peserta didik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian kualitatif ini yaitu wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penguatan pendidikan multikultural dalam pembelajaran PPKn di SMK Karya Wates ditetapkan dalam kebijakan dokumen kurikulum dan secara operasional dilaksanakan melalui kegiatan perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi pembelajaran. Penanaman dan menumbuhkan sikap pada nilai-nilai multikultural tersebut dilakukan melalui keteladanan, nasehat dan contoh-contoh konkrit
Peace Initiatives in Resource Based Conflicts in Post-Colonial Kenya: A Case of Lower Nyando River Basin of Kisumu County, Kenya
Authors: Atieno Paul Okello
Published: February 2023

There is growing literature focusing on resource extraction and unbalanced sharing of natural resources in the exploitation community and conflict especially in the developing countries. Whereas a lot of attention has been directed at grievances of conflicting parties in natural resource based conflicts, limited attention is being given to peace initiatives including the role of local peace committees and community led peace building networks. This paper provided an insight on the role of peace initiatives in resource based conflicts in post-colonial Kenya, with particular attention to lower Nyando River Basin of Kisumu County, Kenya. Specific objectives were to determine the magnitude of resource based conflicts among communities in the Lower Nyando River Basin, analyse the role of local peace committees in resource based conflicts among communities in the Lower Nyando River Basin and to establish the contribution of community led peace-building networks in resource based conflicts among communities in the Lower Nyando River Basin, Kenya. Conflict transformation theory which articulates transforming the causes of conflict as the right approach for resolving and curtailing emerging disputes was adopted to guide the study. Mixed method design involving quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis approaches was adopted. Target population comprised of (Ogenya=153; Kakola Ombaka=704; Jimo Middle=131, and West Kabodho=225) who were natural resource reliant in both Nyakach and Nyando Sub-counties with a sample size of 278 respondents obtained based on Gill et al’s Table of Desired Accuracy with Confidence Level of 95%. The study also interviewed 4 elected community leaders from each sub location. Findings showed that the magnitude of resource based conflicts in the area was high (M=3.91; SD=0.08). The study also found that local peace committees were important peacebuilding initiatives (M=4.17; SD=0.23), while peacebuilding networks existing in the study area had contributed in resolving conflicts to a large extent (M=4.01; SD=0.25). It was concluded that unfounded apportioning of the wetland by the feuding communities has made the magnitude of conflict to be high in the study area. The study also concludes that local peacebuilding initiatives have helped in managing resource based conflict in the area due to their acceptability and incessant peace messaging.
Myopia progression in children before and after the coronavirus disease lockdown
Authors: Chande Prema K , Dave Neepa Thacker , Qazi Mumtaz , Vora Priyanka Bapat
Published: February 2023

Background: The worldwide spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020, followed by lockdowns, forced children to be in home confinement with increased screen time, leading to rapid progression of myopia and an increase in the prevalence of myopia. This study was aimed at determining if myopia progression seen in evidence-based practice resulted from the COVID-19 lockdown or delayed follow-ups.

Methods: A retrospective review of case sheets of patients visiting the pediatric department of a tertiary care eye hospital in Mumbai, India, was conducted from 2017 onwards. We enrolled all children with myopia who had attended at least one follow-up visit before the COVID-19 lockdown and at least one follow-up visit post-lockdown. The spherical equivalent (SEQ) of refractive error values at baseline and pre- and post-COVID-19 lockdown follow-ups (hereinafter referred to as the “first” and “second” follow-ups, respectively) were recorded. The duration between baseline and the first follow-up visit and between the first and second follow-up visits were noted.

Results: We enrolled 112 eyes of 56 children, including 35 (62.5%) boys and 21 (37.5%) girls, with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 9.54 (2.82) years. The mean (SD) SEQ values at baseline and first and second follow-ups were - 4.74 (3.83), - 5.46 (3.81), and - 6.42 (3.66) D, respectively. The mean change in SEQ, mean SEQ myopia progression, and rate of myopia progression per month differed significantly between the baseline and the first follow-up visit versus between the first and second follow-ups (all P < 0.05). However, the change in myopia degree did not differ significantly between these two periods in eyes with low, moderate, or high myopia (all P > 0.05). The mean (SD) duration between the baseline and the first follow-up visit was 14.57 (5.68) months, while that between the first and second follow-ups was 27.96 (9.18) months, showing a significant difference (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that a longer gap between follow-up visits and myopia progression per month should be factored into the management of myopia. Considering that young children are more vulnerable, preventive measures and school reforms should be urgently implemented in India. Further retrospective multicenter studies with a larger sample size of eyes, including various refractive errors over a longer period, are required to verify these findings.
Optical coherence tomography epithelial mapping for keratoconus screening
Authors: Niazi Sana , Doroodgar Farideh
Published: February 2023

Letter to the Editor

Note: letters have no abstract.
The Disruption of Democracy in The Age of Modernity: Examining the Case of Modern Greece
Authors: Tsirigotis Dionysis
Published: February 2023

The main purpose of this article is to understand the use and abuse of the notion of democracy and its operation as a political system throughout the classical Greek period to modernity. The article will show how the development and understanding of democracy from the modern Western Europe completely differs from its classical conception. The analytical starting point is the assumption that the political system of Western democracy is presented as an indirect representation and creates a gap between policy and society such that the latter lacks its physical role as a mandator of the political system. By extending the above-mentioned syllogism to the modern Greek State in accordance with George Contogeorgis’ assumption that the modern political system is neither democratic nor representative, the article is then able to describe the roots of Greece’s current sociopolitical and economic impasse. Thus by questioning the absence of a coordinated political proposal from its executive branch for dealing with major sociopolitical and economic problems, the article searches for the misapplication of democracy in policy formation and implementation.
The Roles of Judo And Football in Promoting Kosovo’s Statehood in the International Arena
Authors: Sokoli Ylli
Published: February 2023

This research focuses on the role the sports of judo and football have in promoting Kosovo’s statehood in the international arena. Through this research, I will analyze the challenges Kosovo has with regard to sports and show the opportunities Kosovo has in its international promotion of statehood, in which sports diplomacy plays a very important role. Kosovo declared independence from Serbia in 2008 but has yet to become a member of the United Nations. Since it became a part of international sports organizations, it has played against countries that do not recognize its independence. Kosovo uses sports to gain recognition to some extent, with the sport that has most influenced its international promotion being judo due mainly to the Olympic medals that Kosovo won and the fuss this created in the international media. Still, other sports such as football have also had a positive impact. The sport matches the Republic of Kosovo has held in countries and against countries that do not recognize its independence have had great importance in promoting Kosovo’s statehood because the audiences in these countries recognize Kosovo.
The relationship of building types and plots to changing family structures and land systems in Chinese settlements
Authors: Guo Pengyu , Ding Wowo
Published: February 2023

Through the analysis of plots and buildings respectively, M. R. G. Conzen and the Caniggian school of typo-morphology proposed complementary approaches to the understanding of physical changes in urban form. Understanding the role of building typological processes can contribute to the study of morphological changes. In order to understand the nature of typological processes in the process of changing settlement form, the relationship of plots and buildings to changing social forces requires further investigation. The form of Chinese rural settlements reflected the changing system of landholding and family structure. The typological process and the process of plot change in relation to building activities of individual families are examined in a sample settlement in north China. This study indicates that the investigation of the relationships between building types and plots contributes significantly to understanding the form of settlements.
Barrio morphology and private space: the social drivers of informal urban settlements in Caracas
Authors: Vigiola Gabriela Quintana
Published: February 2023

Urban morphology has historically been studied through the physical characteristics of a particular space. However, the urban form of a place is also influenced by relationships and social contexts. Therefore, this paper discusses the social processes that drove the construction of private space in informal settlements in Caracas, thus defining the barrio morphology. A qualitative approach was undertaken, including observations, interviews and a photographic survey of a case study area. Interpreting participants’ perspectives and stories of their experiences during their barrio’s development revealed the social processes underpinning the shaping of the barrio. The tense and conflictual relationship between people and the government through evictions led to squatting: solidarity and neighbourly relationships drove the selection of the place and its consolidation, and the barrio became dense through supporting family relationships. The form of the barrio space arises as a reflection of these social processes.
Becoming an urban morphologist: Jeremy W. R. Whitehand
Authors: Conzen Michael P. , Oliveira Vítor
Published: February 2023

This paper examines the origins underlying J. W. R. Whitehand’s emergence as an urban morphologist. Attention is paid to Whitehand’s early years, beginning with his initial life experiences, his BA and PhD theses at the University of Reading, and his innovative way of addressing settlements with a distinctive emphasis on buildings. His professional encounter with M. R. G. Conzen in Newcastle in the early 1960s exposed him to a teaching method in which dialectics and fieldwork played a prominent role, and a research framework rich in descriptive and analytical concepts (exemplified in studies of Whitby, Alnwick and Newcastle) that appealed to his interests and opened numerous possibilities for systematic inquiry. Finally, the paper briefly places in context Whitehand’s more mature years in Glasgow and Birmingham, highlighting his substantive and institutional contributions to the development of urban morphology as a field of knowledge.
Obituary: J. W. R. Whitehand (1938–2021)
Authors: Larkham Peter J.
Published: February 2023

abstract
Exploring the substantive nature of urban morphology: managing the changing character of cities in China
Authors: Gu Kai , Wang Shaoxu , Zhang Jiantao , Chen Sisi
Published: February 2023

The value of identifying and improving the distinctiveness of cultural landscapes as a means of reinforcing place identity and supporting economic development has been widely recognised by both academics and professionals. Despite increasing interest in urban design codes for guiding urban change, their practice, in particular of those concerning the management of landscape forms at the city or regional scale, has hitherto achieved limited success. The idea of urban morphological regions has the potential to strengthen practical reasoning for achieving valued results in managing urban landscape changes. In connection with an investigation of Zhengzhou, one of the most economically dynamic cities in central China, this paper explores the conceptual and practical significance of urban morphological regionalisation for establishing theoretically-informed and evidence-based urban design codes.
Influence of the composition of substrates and growth regulators on seed germination and dynamics of height change annual flower crops
Authors:   RGAU-MSHA named after K.A. Timiryazev,, Kozlova Elena
Published: February 2023

Obtaining high-quality seedlings of annual flower crops is one of the tasks of modern floriculture. This article discusses the issues of the influence of growth regulators and the substrates used on the growth and development of plants. It has been established that both marigold varieties have 100% seed germination in all variants of the experiment. When vermiculite and coconut fiber are added to peat, it also helps to increase the germination of seeds of the studied crops, in the range of 90-95%. Phenological observations showed that the emergence of seedlings in both variants of the experiment corresponded to the standard indicators characteristic of each crop. The timing of the beginning of flowering of marigolds came 40-45 days after sowing the seeds. The dynamics of changes in plant height is most noticeable in the variant of the experiment with the use of growth regulators. Keywords: ANNUAL FLOWER CROPS, MARIGOLDS, CALENDULA, SNAPDRAGONS, ESCHOLZIA, GROWTH REGULATORS, SUBSTRATE
ЗАХИСТ ПРАВА НА ЯДЕРНУ БЕЗПЕКУ ЧЕРЕЗ ПРИЗМУ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ МАГАТЕ
Authors: Іваницький Андрій Миронович
Published: February 2023

Визначено, що під час дослідження МАГАТЕ як міжнародної інституції захисту права на ядерну безпеку необхідно чітко встановити зміст понять «захист». Визначено, що визначення поняття «захист» можна сформулювати як вид правового впливу на відносини, який полягає в застосуванні відповідних способів захисту особою або іншим суб’єктом, який наділений відповідними повноваженнями, спрямованих на відновлення порушеного права особи. Обґрунтовано думку, що форми захисту, визначені національним законодавством необхідно відносити до національної форми захисту, а захист, який здійснюється міжнародними установами, організаціями – до міжнародної форми захисту. Визначено, що звернення до МАГАТЕ необхідно відносити до міжнародної форми захисту прав. Встановлено, що МАГАТЕ належить до загальної системи міжнародних організацій ООН. Діяльність Агентства спрямована на досягнення широкого використання атомної енергії лише з мирною метою та сприяння поширенню ядерних технологій. Визначено, що МАГАТЕ виступає як міжнародний інспекційний орган для перевірки, щоб держави-учасниці не переключали ядерні матеріали, обладнання та технології у країнах, які не мають ядерної зброї, з дозволеної мирної діяльності на військові потреби. Проаналізовано звернення Верховної Ради України до МАГАТЕ з метою захисту права на ядерну безпеку. Констатовано, що юридичний статус резолюцій МАГАТЕ та стандарти безпеки МАГАТЕ мають не визначений юридичний статус. Підсумовано, що оскільки Україна є державою-учасницею МАГАТЕ, то відповідно звернення вищого представницького органу влади Верховної Ради України від імені Українського народу до МАГАТЕ можна визначати як самостійну міжнародну форму захисту прав, зокрема права на ядерну безпеку, особливістю якої є наднаціональний характер та специфічна сфера використання атомної енергії. Зважаючи на це, з метою удосконалення вказаної форми захисту права на ядерну безпеку обґрунтовано доцільність доповнення Статуту МАГАТЕ окремою статтею, яка чітко закріпить юридичний статус рішень та стандартів МАГАТЕ, а саме визначить вказані акти МАГАТЕ імперативними для держав-учасниць.
ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-АНАЛІТИЧНА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ОРГАНІВ ПРОКУРАТУРИ У СФЕРІ ПРОТИДІЇ ЗЛОЧИННОСТІ: ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ТА ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-ПРАВОВІ АСПЕКТИ
Authors: Савчук Роман Михайлович
Published: February 2023

У статті розкривається поняття та зміст інформаційно-аналітичної діяльності органів прокуратури як специфічного різновиду інтелектуальної, розумової діяльності людини, в процесі якої внаслідок певного алгоритму послідовних дій з пошуку, накопичення, зберігання, обробки, аналізу первинної інформації утворюється нова, вторинна аналітична інформація у формі аналітичної довідки, звіту, огляду, прогнозу. Метою зазначеного напрямку діяльності в органах прокуратури є поглиблене вивчення проблемних питань додержання законності та протидії злочинності, виявлення недоліків у роботі, помилок і прорахунків у здійсненні прокурорського нагляду та провадженні досудового розслідування, визначення заходів щодо їх усунення і недопущення у подальшій діяльності, прогнозування розвитку позитивних та негативних тенденцій. Автор розкриває зміст основних нормативно-правових актів Офісу Генерального прокурора, які визначають організаційно-правові аспекти інформаційно-аналітичної діяльності у сфері протидії злочинності та вказує на їх недоліки. Вносяться пропозиції щодо необхідності закріплення у наказах Офісу генерального прокурора таких об’єктів інформаційно-аналітичної роботи як стан, динаміка та структура злочинності. Методика застосування аналізу статистичних даних повинна передбачати послідовне дотримання наступних процедур: а) постановка мети аналізу; б) підбір статистичного матеріалу і критична оцінка даних; в) систематизація відібраних даних; г) порівняльна оцінка і забезпечення їх співставності; д) формування узагальнюючих показників; е) фіксація і обґрунтування суттєвих властивостей, особливостей, зав’язків і закономірностей злочинності як досліджуваного явища; ж) підготовка висновків, пропозицій та практичних рекомендацій. Кінцевою метою застосування аналізу статистичних даних в аналітичній діяльності правоохоронних органів повинно бути визначене виявлення тенденцій щодо стану, структури та динаміки злочинності, встановлення обставин, які сприяли вчиненню кримінальних правопорушень; внесення пропозицій щодо їх усунення з метою недопущення їх вчинення у майбутньому; складання прогнозів щодо стану, структури та динаміки злочинності у майбутньому.
СТРАТЕГІЯ РОЗВИТКУ КОМУНІКАЦІЙ ДЕРЖАВИ ТА СУСПІЛЬСТВА ПІД ЧАС ДІЇ ПРАВОВОГО РЕЖИМУ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ
Authors: Ткачова Наталія Миколаївна , Іваницька Ольга Михайлівна , Похожалова Аліса Ігорівна
Published: February 2023

Ключовою особливістю демократичного розвитку України є встановлення ефективної системи відносин між органами державної влади та суспільством на всіх рівнях влади, орієнтація на ефективний діалог із суспільством, в основі якого лежить принципи відкритості та прозорості. Сучасне інформаційне суспільство вимагає від органів державної влади дотримання основ їх діяльності щодо прозорості, відкритості, активного зворотного зв’язку . Агресія росії проти України обумовила пошук нових інструментів цілісної системи взаємодії держави та суспільства, в тому числі, і відповіді на інформаційну агресію. Одним із таких інструментів стала розробка і реалізація стратегії розвитку комунікацій держави та суспільства під час дії правового режиму воєнного стану. Стратегія комунікацій держави та суспільства в Україні пройшли досить насичений подіями шлях розвитку – від сприйняття її як малознайомого, наслідуваного від європейських країн інструменту до цілковитого усвідомлення її можливостей та практичного застосування. У статті акцентовано увагу на необхідності налагодження ефективних комунікацій між владою і суспільством в умовах воєнного стану. Зазначено, що надзвичайної важливості набувають низхідні комунікації: оперативність інформування громадян державними органами про хід адаптації державних процесів під вимоги сьогодення. Окреслено проблемні питання щодо впровадження стратегії розвитку комунікацій між державою та суспільством, труднощі, які виникають в українській практиці її використання для вироблення адекватної протидії російській пропаганді.
ОСНОВНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ФОРМУВАННЯ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ АГРАРНОГО СЕКТОРУ ТА СІЛЬСЬКИХ ТЕРИТОРІЙ ЧЕРЕЗ ІНСТРУМЕНТИ ДЕРЖАВНОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ
Authors: Харченко Тетяна Олександрівна
Published: February 2023

В статті досліджено напрями, котрі визначають важливість впровадження інструментів державної підтримки аграрного сектору на довгостроковій основі. Підтверджено, що необхідним є поліпшення рівня та якості життя сільського населення, шляхом забезпечення інфраструктурного розвитку сільських територій; стимулювання зростання зайнятості населення; забезпечення достатнього рівня інвестицій у людський капітал; формування мережі центрів інформаційної, консультаційної, навчальної, підтримки; підвищення рівня доходів; застосування ресурсозберігаючих та екологічно-сприятливих технологій; державної та регіональної підтримки середніх і малих господарюючих суб’єктів. Встановлено, що відсутність статистичної інформації в розрізі індикаторів оцінки виконання цілей сталого розвитку аграрного сектору та сільських територій окреслює необхідність пошуку альтернативних варіантів проведення моніторингу. В якості оціночного інструментарію реалізації державної політики виконання цілей сталого розвитку розроблено авторський методичний підхід. Реалізація розробленого методичного підходу, як інструменту державного регулювання, дозволить обгрунтувати концепцію сталого розвитку аграрного сектору та сільських територій шляхом формування базису значень в розрізі досліджуваних субіндексів; досягнення відповідності між індикаторами економічних, соціальних та екологічних аспектів оцінки сталого розвитку аграрного сектору на державному, регіональному та місцевому рівні та їх чітке відображення в якості моніторингових показників Державної стратегії регіонального розвитку, регіональних (обласних) стратегій та стратегій розвитку територіальних громад. Обґрунтовано важливість формування Національної стратегії сталого розвитку аграрного сектору, де в якості функціональних блоків будуть представлені програма сільськогосподарського розвитку та програма розвитку сільських територій. Визначено, що за даного підходу буде досягнуто підвищення результативності стратегічного планування, в тому числі і в частині формування індикаторів оцінки.