bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disruptive Technology and Firm Capability of Some Selected Oil and Gas Organizations in Rivers State Nigeria
Authors: Ambie Georgewill Ibiba , Lucky Obibhunun,
Published: November 2024

It is no longer news that organizations had faced serious challenges due to the emergence and rapid development of disruptive technologies. This study explored the relationship between disruptive technology and firm capabilities of oil and gas companies in Port Harcourt, Rivers State Nigeria. The study adopted a survey design, the population of the study is 401, and the sample size was 200 using the sample size formula. The respondents was using the simple random technique. And Pearson Product Moment Correlation technique was used at 0.01 level of significance with the aid of SPSS. Our findings show a positive and significant relationship between dimensions and measures of disruptive technology and organizational capabilities in the companies under investigation. The study showed that there is a correlation between disruptive technology and organizational capabilities in the companies under survey. The researcher concludes that disruptive technology has a positive impact on the organizational capabilities. The researcher recommendations were as follows. The management should adopt cloud services technology to bring flexibility, security to businesses, supporting new investment area of the business and to make the business grow. This will enable the oil and gas companies to rapidly modernize their operating system to lower cost and increase the agility of their management in data storage, backup and complete information accessibility. The oil and gas organizations must invest in security service technology to combats different treats from different quarter and form a collaboration between national security and international security to fostering a safer and more connected business world. Management should ensure they are dynamic in their operations so that they can survive any types of changes that may pose a serious threat to the survival and growth of the organization. Oil and gas companies must furcate the environment and consider which disruptive technology might influence their performance and prepare resources and formulate a strategy that will helps to adjust to the disruptive technology for better performance.
The Level of Awareness and Forecast of Usage of Building Information Modelling by Ghanaian Construction Firms
Authors: Akua Amoah Freda
Published: November 2024

Building information modelling is increasingly being used by most of the world’s construction industries, constantly changing design procedures, construction, facility management and maintenance. BIM, a technological transformation in the construction industry, has projected numerous benefits to improve upon all the inefficiencies in the world’s construction industries. Subsequently, it has been adopted by Germany, Finland, the United States, the United Kingdom, Singapore, Australia, and Hong Kong to mention but a few. Unfortunately, the construction industry in Ghana has yet to recognize the full prospects of BIM technology. This paper seeks to find out the level of awareness and forecast the level of usage by construction firms in Ghanaian construction. In effect, survey research was adopted which incorporated the issuing of a closed-ended structured questionnaire. Out of 130 questionnaires distributed, 102 questionnaires were returned in all appropriateness representing 79% of the responses. The respondents comprised architects, quantity surveyors, construction managers, project managers, civil engineers, and structural engineers, among others practising with firms or organizations with good reputations, registered with the necessary statutory authority, and actively involved in construction activities within the Ghanaian construction industry. The field survey was divided into BIM and non-BIM users. 72.5% of the professionals were just aware of BIM, which indicates a relatively high level of awareness. Subsequently, only 23.5% were aware and currently using BIM whilst 27.5% were neither aware nor using BIM. It also showed how most firms are not planning to use BIM as part of their daily work ethics accumulating 52.6% of the construction firms whilst only 47.4% of the firms are planning and preparing to use BIM. Autodesk AutoCAD & Autodesk Revit recorded the highest BIM tool usage with 37.5% and Project Visualization was the most used BIM application with a mean score of 3.958 that is used 80% of the time. The study concluded on a note that government, professional bodies, and construction firms must help propagate the awareness, implementation, and usage of BIM.
Combating Cholera Re-Emergence in Nigeria
Authors: James Emmanuel , Efemena Onowugbeda , Abigail Onoja , Akpan Udusoro , Christian Oshadiya , Nelson Amobi , Uyanwune Mbanefo , Ohioma Muhammed , Chukwuemeka Njoku , Busayo Faith Tofio
Published: November 2024

Throughout African countries, infectious diseases have long been widespread and have been recognized as one of the main causes of death. The bacterium Vibrio cholerae serogroup O1 or O139 is the cause of cholera, an acute diarrhoeal disease that poses a significant public health risk to both adults and children. Acute, watery diarrhoea affects about 20% of infected individuals; severe diarrhoea, which includes vomiting, affects 10% to 20% of these individuals. Severe dehydration and death within hours can occur from the large loss of fluid and salt in these individuals if they are not appropriately and quickly treated. Between 28,000 and 150,000 people die from cholera each year, and there are 3 to 5 million cases worldwide. Nigeria is one of the three primary cholera hotspots in the world at the time. In 2012, Sub-Saharan Africa accounted for 71% of all cases and 86% of fatalities from the disease. This paper evaluates the literature on the occurrence of cholera in sub-Saharan Africa, with a focus on Nigeria. It also explains the disease's treatment options, diagnostic procedures, and containment strategies that incorporates all necessary elements including education, WASH, immunization, monitoring, and nutrition).
Implementing Water, Sanitation & Hygiene (Wash) Project: Stories of Wash in Schools (Wins) Coordinators
Authors: Almocera Odette L.
Published: November 2024

The experiences of school coordinators involved in the WASH project at different schools were examined in this study. The testimonies highlighted the difficulties and experiences these coordinators encountered. Each of the eight teacher participants in the study was a local WASH in Schools (WinS) coordinator from the Compostela West District. For this phenomenological study, a small number of in-person sessions and in-depth interviews done via virtual platforms were used to collect data.Based on thematic analysis, the WinS school coordinators' experiences with the WASH project's implementation in schools were as follows: Promotes hygiene and sanitation and encourage stakeholder’s support. The study's themes and findings about the difficulty’s teachers faced when implementing WASH projects in schools were as follows: Inadequate facilities and Insufficient school budget. The results of the study provided the following understandings about the challenges and experiences of instructors: Provision of fund in schools and provide effective plan for school program implementation. From the beginning, this study aimed to provide perspectives on strengthening the implementation of WASH as initiative in schools.
Relation between Lumbar Spinal Degeneration and Anatomic Pelvic Parameters in Nepalese Population
Authors: Saddam Syed , Lal Pradhan Rabindra , Pandey Bimal , Bahadur Thapa Prakash , Khadka Trithendra , Raj Khanal Krishna , Mishra Rahul , Sigdel Laxman , Khan Sharoj
Published: November 2024

Background Degenerative disease of the lumbar spine is an important cause of disability in the world. It includes conditions such as spondylolisthesis, lumbar disc herniations, disc degeneration, and lumbar spinal stenosis. Patient with degenerative spinal disease most commonly present with symptoms of low back ache of varying degrees, lower limb pain and weakness. There are various spino-pelvic parameters which are used to measure and describe the spino pelvic alignment in an individual. The anatomic variation in these parameters have been found to be a predisposing factor for development of lumbar spinal disease and further the diseases are responsible in changes in the spino pelvic parameters itself. To far, very less is known about how the sagittal spino-pelvic alignment of the Nepalese population with persistent low back pain (LBP) differs from that of the general population. This study contributes to our understanding of the relation between low back pain resulting from degenerations of the lumbar spine and sagittal alignment.  Aims and Objectives To evaluate the association between anatomic pelvic parameters and specific types of lumbar spinal degeneration. To find the Association of lumbar spinal degeneration with pelvic radius (PR), sacral table angle (STA) and pelvic incidence (PI)  Methodology Patients with symptomatic lumbar spinal degeneration who were presented to KMCTH OPD from Jan 2019 to July 2020 were included in this cross sectional observational study. Degenerative pathologies were classified as lumbar disc herniation (LDH), lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS), and degenerative spondylolisthesis (DSPL). The constant anatomic pelvic parameters pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic radius (PR), and sacral table angle (STA) were assessed in lateral radiographs of the lumbar spine and compared between the pathologies.  Results Among the screened patients, 206 fulfilled all the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in this study. The mean age of the patients was 51.61 years (range, 23–87 y).The age distribution varied significantly between groups. The mean PI for women was (59.75+/-2.20 mm) was significantly larger (P =0.0002) than that for men (56.05+/-2.23).No sex differences were found with regard to PR men (136.55 ± 7.33 degrees); women-134.88 ± 8.07 degrees) (P =0.112) and STA for men (97.83+/-4.74 degrees) and women (97.300+/-4.71degrees) (P =0.41). For all 3 pelvic parameters, group comparisons revealed significant inter group differences (PR, STA, ANOVA P<0.05 and PI ANOVA P=0.04.  Conclusions We found all the constant anatomic parameters to be specific for distinct types of degeneration, suggesting pelvis shape is a predisposing factor for their development.
The Implications of Genomics and Epigenetics in Vaccine Response for Personalised Vaccination
Authors: Saleh Abdullahi , Auwalu Sani , Ahmad Rufa’i Adamu
Published: November 2024

Individual differences in vaccine response can have a major effect on the safety and effectiveness of vaccinations. These variances are influenced by both genomic and epigenetic variables, which may open up new avenues for tailored vaccination regimens. The study of a person's whole DNA is known as genomics, and it includes the identification of genetic markers that affect immune responses. For example, differences in vaccine efficacy have been associated with polymorphisms in the genes for the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and Toll-like receptor (TLR). Without changing the DNA sequence, epigenetic changes like DNA methylation and histone alterations impact gene expression and can influence how the body reacts to vaccinations. Comprehending these epigenetic modifications can offer valuable perspectives on the effectiveness of vaccines and the necessity of customised immunisation regimens. Vaccine regimens are customised for each individual depending on their genetic and epigenetic makeup.This strategy could improve adjuvant design, vaccination schedules, and dosages to boost immune responses. But there are issues that need to be resolved, such the high expense of genetic and epigenetic testing and moral questions about the privacy of genetic data. Subsequent investigations ought to concentrate on verifying the genetic and epigenetic markers linked to vaccination reactions and guaranteeing fair distribution of customised immunisation plans among varied demographics. Our approach to disease prevention can become more individualised and successful by incorporating genomes and epigenetics into vaccine research and development. This will ultimately lead to better public health outcomes.
Showcasing Procedures that Impact the Obtaining Choice Handle of Buyer A Case Think about Condominium Bangkok Region
Authors: . ChanpenWisunyakhajorndej , Padchimma Natee
Published: November 2024

Foundation and Aims: This inquire about looks at the promoting techniques that impact consumers' acquiring choices, employing a case consider of condominium units in Bangkok. The goals of this consider are (1) to examine the individual components of buyers that relate to their acquiring choices of condominium units in Bangkok, (2) to think about how consumers' individual components influence the showcasing techniques of condominium units in Bangkok, and (3) to look at the showcasing methodologies that influence consumers' acquiring choices within the case consider of condominium units in Bangkok. Strategy: Graphic factual examination is utilized in this ponder. The insights connected incorporate recurrence, rate, cruel, and standard deviation. Inferential measurements incorporate Autonomous Tests t-test, One-Way Examination of Fluctuation (ANOVA), relationship investigation, and stepwise different relapse investigation Results: The consider of the relationship between promoting procedures that impact the acquiring choice prepare for condominium units in Bangkok (Y1) appeared that buyers of condominium units, in terms of promoting and open relations (X1), had a P-value of 0.001, which is less than 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05). Also, in terms of deals advancement (X3), the P-value was 0.001, too less than 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05). The relapse examination condition can be composed as takes after: Y = 181.516 + 1.344 (X1) + 2.312 (X3)
Generative AI-Driven Fraud Detection in Health Care Enhancing Data Loss Prevention and Cybersecurity Analytics for Real-Time Protection of Patient Records
Authors: Ayoola Victoria Bukky , Ugochukwu Uchenna Nneka , Adeleke Ibraheem , Michael Comfort Idongesit , Adewoye Michael Babatunde , Adeyeye Yewande
Published: November 2024

The health care industry faces persistent challenges related to fraud, significantly impacting financial stability and patient safety. Traditional fraud detection methods, such as rule-based systems and manual audits, often fail to keep pace with sophisticated cyber-attacks, exposing critical vulnerabilities. This review paper explores the integration of generative AI-driven models, including Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), into health care fraud detection systems to enhance data loss prevention and cybersecurity analytics. The paper delves into the limitations of current fraud detection strategies, highlighting the transformative potential of generative AI technologies in identifying complex patterns and anomalies. Methodologies for incorporating generative AI into cybersecurity frameworks are discussed, focusing on data collection techniques, algorithm selection, and evaluation metrics for assessing effectiveness. Case studies illustrate the advantages of real-time fraud prevention facilitated by AI integration. The discussion also addresses the ethical and data privacy concerns associated with deploying AI in health care, offering strategic recommendations for enhancing cybersecurity protocols. This review concludes with insights into the future of AI-driven fraud detection and its critical role in ensuring the protection of patient records and the resilience of health care systems.
A fish community comparison upstream and downstream a high-head dam on the Upper Mississippi River
Authors: Anderson Rebekah L. , Anderson Cory A. , Lamer James T.
Published: November 2024

Standardized sampling is useful for detecting and monitoring variations in fish communities and the establishment and spread of invasive species. Lock and Dam 19, a high-head dam with a 10- meter hydraulic head, creates the largest impoundment on the Upper Mississippi River. Upstream, Pool 19 is characterized by static water levels and expansive macrophyte beds. Downstream, Pool 20 is characterized by lotic conditions and sparse vegetation. Lock and Dam 19 serves as barrier to upstream migration of fishes, particularly Bigheaded carp (Bighead Carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Silver Carp H. molotrix). There is limited standardized fisheries data available for Pools 19 and 20, particularly in off-channel areas. In 2013 and 2014, we conducted two years of standardized electrofishing in Pools 19 and 20 to 1) detect a presence of adult or juvenile Bigheaded carp, 2) quantify differences in fish community structure (i.e., relative abundance of species) between Pools 19 and 20 and among strata (i.e., backwater, side channel, main channel, and impounded reaches), and 3) quantify hydrological differences (i.e., water quality variables) between Pools 19 and 20 and among strata. We detected two Bigheaded carp upstream Lock and Dam 19, the first to be documented using a standardized collection method. We used permutational multivariate analysis of variance using distance matrices (veganR package version 2.6-4) to determine that fish community structure differed significantly between pools (P< 0.01) and among strata (P< 0.01), except between main and side channel borders. We determined water quality variables differed significantly between the pools and among strata demonstrating strata proportional differences may drive the fish community differences between Pools 19 and 20. We have demonstrated that expanding standardized sampling efforts to Pools 19 and 20 is important to understand long-term changes in fish assemblages and the effects of Lock and Dam 19 on the ecology of the Upper Mississippi River.
SVNN-Com-LogTODIM Technique for Risk Assessment of Battery Safety Operation in Energy Storage Power Stations Based on Single-Valued Neutrosophic MAGDM
Authors: Wu Bin
Published: November 2024

As the world transitions toward a more sustainable energy future, energy storage power plants play an increasingly crucial role in integrating renewable energy sources into the grid. However, ensuring the safety of battery operations in these facilities remains a critical concern. Assessing battery safety operations (BSO) in energy storage power stations is complex multiple-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) task. Recently, the logarithmic TODIM (LogTODIM) technique was introduced to handle MAGDM challenges. Single-valued neutrosophic sets (SVNSs) have also emerged as tool for managing fuzzy data in BSO risk assessments. This study proposes the single-valued neutrosophic number combined LogTODIM (SVNN-Com-LogTODIM) technique to address MAGDM within the framework of SVNSs. A numerical case study on BSO risk assessment in energy storage power stations is provided to demonstrate the SVNN-Com-LogTODIM technique through comparative analysis.
Cognitive Impairments in Substance Addiction: Narrative Review
Authors: Charuni T. M. J.
Published: November 2024

Cognition is an intricate mechanism governing the executive functions in the human body and undergoes a developmental process influenced by genetic, biological, and ecological factors. The addicted substance can be denoted as a trigger of deteriorated cognition, impacting memory, decision-making, attention, and reasoning. Specific examination of alcohol, nicotine, cannabis, cocaine, opioids, and amphetamines elucidates the unique ways each substance impairs cognitive functions, ranging from memory deficits to impaired attention and psychomotor skills. Hence the relevant information was gathered by referring to Google Scholar, PubMed, and Elsevier databases. To extract the updated information selected journals were filtered up to the previous ten years. Dopaminergic dysregulation arises as a central theme, influencing reward schemes, motivational drives, and memory pathways, disseminating compulsive behaviors, and obstructing substance cessation. This inclusive exploration highlights the urgency of addressing these complications for informed prevention strategies, effective public health initiatives, and targeted interventions. By elucidating the cognitive impairment in substance addiction, this review strives to emphasize the danger of substance usage.
Cross-Sectional Study on Hematological Variation Associated with Advance Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in a CKDu Endemic Area in Sri Lanka
Authors: Gunawickrama S. H. N. P. , Nanayakkara P. G. C. L. , Silva A. R. N. , Dissanayaka D. D. S.
Published: November 2024

A cross-sectional study was undertaken to investigate the etiology and disease progression in terms of CKD (chronic kidney disease)-initiation risk factors (IRF) and hematology in Nachchaduwa, a CKDu (CKD of unknown etiology)-endemic area in North Central Province of Sri Lanka. Whole blood, spot urine and risk factor history were obtained following informed consent from all medically confirmed CKD/CKDu cases in the area. CKDu was substantiated when medically accepted IRFs did not exist prior to CKD diagnosis. The disease progression stage (G1-G5) was established by kidney dysfunction markers, eGFR (MDRD, and CKD-EPI-sCr) and UACR using serum creatinine (sCr), urine creatinine (uCr) and urine (uAlb) measured in the study. Hematology variables were compared between early (G2-G3b) and advance (G4-G5) stages to reveal changes over disease progression and assessed for linear associations to disease progression in terms of kidney dysfunction markers and renal outcomes. Multivariate dendrogram and principal component analyses were utilized to study inter-variable relations. The results showed that advance disease (G4-G5) in Nachchaduwa had significantly declined RBC counts and RDW-CV, amid unchanged MCV, MCH, MCHC, hematocrit and total hemoglobin suggesting predominantly normocytic anemia. RBC depletion was further evident in its positive associations to eGFRs, and negative association to sCr (p<0.05, rho stronger than ±0.45). Multivariate analyses revealed that RDW-CV was following the decreasing eGFRs and uCr over disease progression. Results showed the potential utility of erythrocyte count and RDW-CV as markers of advance disease in CKDu endemic areas of Sri Lanka. IRF distribution in Nachchaduwa pointed to a minor fraction of unknown etiology among total CKD, and the major IRFs that led to chronic renal failure did not include Diabetes Mellitus.
Unmanned Aerial Systems in Sri Lanka: An Operational Framework for Land-Based Air Operations
Authors: Wijetunge M. A. D. C. K.
Published: November 2024

The Nagorno-Karabakh war in 2020 demonstrated the unprecedented paradigm shift in aerial warfare, with the Azerbaijan military successfully employing attack Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), commonly known as drones, to destroy enemy troops and defence systems. This study underscored the importance of comprehending and keeping up with the evolving trends of drone operations in the security realm. The study addressed the knowledge gap by providing valuable insights into defining an operational framework and integrated approach for drone operations in Sri Lanka. It emphasized the importance of aligning drone utilization with a defined operational framework to achieve favourable outcomes in military engagements. The conceptual framework is based on the review of theoretical studies. Besides, the study established a statistical association between the integrated approach and the employment of drones in the security realm, highlighting the significance of collaboration between different state agencies and the military. The study resorted to mixed-method research while conforming to a survey strategy. Primary data was collected through questionnaires and interviews, while secondary data was collected from literature and doctrines. The study explored that the operational framework must be based on purpose, time, space, and resources in the land and maritime domains. Further, centralised command and integrated operational environment must be established while enhancing collaboration in research and development projects to advance the drone industry in the country.
Utilizing Traditional Knowledge for Development in Sri Lanka: A Legal Analysis with a Special Emphasis on Intellectual Property Law
Authors: Perera M. Lourdith Ashinika
Published: November 2024

Traditional Knowledge was not originally recognized as a part of the realm of intellectual property rights as its unique attributes did not align with the theoretical underpinning of intellectual property rights. Nevertheless, an emerging trend occurred with Traditional Knowledge becoming susceptible to unauthorized appropriation by third parties without sharing benefits with the knowledge holder, which was commonly referred to as biopiracy. Consequently, developing nations, along with indigenous communities, started advocating for an expansion of the scope of intellectual property law to protect and preserve Traditional Knowledge. Sri Lanka, often renowned for its cultural and biodiversity richness, is a treasure trove of Traditional Knowledge. However, the absence of an adequate legal framework addressing Traditional Knowledge, coupled with a number of failed Legislative attempts such as the Genetic Resources – Access and Benefit Sharing Act of 2000 and 2009 Bill has placed Sri Lanka in a disadvantageous position. Therefore, it is the objective of the researcher to introduce a comprehensive legal framework related to Traditional Knowledge, under IP law, considering the rights of the knowledge holders and the potential for commercialization to achieve the development of the country. This study looks at international standards and Indian laws and policies to gain insights on enhancing the Sri Lankan legal framework. Consequently, the researcher proposes several defensive and positive measures that can be implemented to strengthen the legal framework pertaining to Traditional Knowledge in Sri Lanka. The researcher finds that Sri Lanka could benefit from a sui generis law that takes into account the dual objectives of creating value from Traditional Knowledge and safeguarding the rights of knowledge holders, thereby promoting the country's development.
Neural Networks for Classification of Eye Conjunctivitis in Telehealth: a Conceptual Architecture
Authors: Gamage C. Y.
Published: November 2024

Telehealth systems have developed rapidly into more conventional ways that can provide medical assistance, especially for people in remote areas. Despite rapid technological and practical developments, there are still many knowledge gaps regarding the effective use of telemedicine. Annually, nearly 1-4% of the general population might experience conjunctivitis. This study is focused on an experimental design for the classification of degrees of severity in colour medical images in telemedicine, in particular red as one of the key symptoms in the diagnosis of various pathologies. The quality of digital images is a pivotal thing in terms of telemedicine for accurate diagnosis because degraded or distorted colours can lead to errors. This study focused on the use of digital images in teleconsultation, in particular images displaying conjunctivitis (red eyes) as a case study since this pathology integrates red in its diagnosis. The deep self-organising map is suggested to be applied to classify the different severities. Moreover, U-Net, a deep learning network, is proposed to employ the segmentation of eye images for better feature extraction. Although this approach is focused on the problem of red eye image classification, it can be extended in the future to also be applied to other pathologies.
The Synergy of Search Engine Optimization and Public Relations in the Digital Age (An Analysis of Best Practices In Sri Lanka)
Authors: Piyumali W. Mahesha , Sandaruwan L. G. S. U.
Published: November 2024

In the contemporary digital landscape, the integration of Search Engine Optimisation (SEO) and Public Relations (PR) has become essential for organisations seeking to enhance their online visibility. This research investigates best practices for optimising the collaborative efforts of SEO and PR within this context. Given the rapid advancements in technology and communication, it is crucial to develop a nuanced understanding of how these two domains intersect to achieve mutual goals. Recognising the existing gaps in the literature concerning practical applications of SEO-PR strategies, this study employs a qualitative research methodology. Insights were gathered through in-depth interviews with ten experienced PR professionals, illuminating their experiences, strategies, and challenges related to SEO-PR integration. The findings indicate that a multifaceted approach to SEO and PR collaboration is vital in the digital era. A primary theme that emerged is the importance of content quality, which must be informative, engaging, and relevant to align with the objectives of both disciplines. The study also highlights the role of authentic storytelling, which resonates with the values and interests of target audiences, as a critical component of effective communication. Ethical considerations are emphasised as integral to SEO-PR integration, particularly regarding transparency, accuracy, and trustworthiness in content creation and dissemination. This research thus provides valuable insights for PR professionals and SEO experts navigating the complexities of the digital landscape.
Stress and Coping Strategies Assessment with pss-10 Scale and the Brief Cope Scale Among Cancer Patients in a Hospital,Banke, Nepal
Authors: Sapkota Srijana , Sunar Tulasa , Ghimire Nisha , Khadka Rekha
Published: November 2024

Cancer patients often experience significant psychological distress throughout their diagnosis, treatment, and recovery phases. This study conducted at Sushil Koirala Prakhar Cancer Hospital in Khajura, Banke, Nepal, aimed to explore stress levels and coping strategies among cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. A hospital-based cross-sectional design was employed, and data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires including the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and the Brief COPE scale. A total of 384 cancer patients participated in the study. Results indicated that a majority of patients reported moderate stress levels, with significant associations found between stress levels and marital status, place of residence, and occupation. Approach coping strategies were predominantly utilised by patients, highlighting active coping mechanisms such as emotional support, positive reframing, and humour. The findings underscore the need for tailored psychosocial interventions to mitigate stress and enhance coping strategies among cancer patients in similar settings.
The Impact of Employee Appreciation Approaches on Job Satisfaction: Empirical Evidence from Air Traffic Controllers of Sri Lanka to Enhance Human
Authors: Ranamukha R. D. A. N. C.
Published: November 2024

Understanding the dynamics of job satisfaction among Air Traffic Controllers (ATCs) is imperative for ensuring the human performance, productivity, efficiency and safety of aviation operations. This study investigates the impact of various employee appreciation methods on the job satisfaction levels to enhance the performance of ATCs in Sri Lanka. Drawing upon existing literature and analysis of the data collected from the current employees, the research is aimed at filling a critical knowledge gap regarding the relationship between employee appreciation and job satisfaction within the ATC sector. The research problem centres on the need to comprehend how different forms of appreciation, ranging from verbal acknowledgements to tangible rewards, influence ATCs' job satisfaction. Through a structured survey utilizing a Likert scale, the study measured the effects of seven appreciation methods on job satisfaction, namely verbal expressions in one-on-one and public settings, electronic notes, written communications, tangible items, monetary bonuses, and the absence of gratitude. Key research questions addressed the specific impacts of each appreciation method on the job satisfaction of ATCs'. By analysing responses from ATCs in Sri Lanka, the study aimed to provide insights for supervisors and managers to tailor appreciation strategies effectively. The findings hold significance in enhancing the work environment, retaining talent, and promoting organisational productivity within the aviation industry. Acknowledging potential limitations such as participant biases and organisational policies, the research adopts measures to ensure data integrity and confidentiality. By leveraging a comprehensive approach to data collection and analysis, it enhanced the reliability and credibility of the findings of the study.
Plankton Assemblage and Potential Indicator Species for Water Quality Assessment in Selected Wetlands in Colombo
Authors: Perera H. D. C. S. , Batugedara B. D. I. M. , Kolambage M. T. V. , Senanayake S. A. M. I. K.
Published: November 2024

Wetlands are considered one of the most productive ecosystems on Earth. Plankton is an essential part of wetland biodiversity and vital to wetland functioning. Plankton is an ideal bioindicator for assessing wetlands' water quality and environmental status. This study was carried out to determine plankton assemblage and to identify potential indicator species for water quality assessment in selected wetlands in Colombo Ramsar Wetland City, including Nawala Wetland Park, Diyatha Uyana, Diayasaru Park, and Beddagana Wetland Park. Water and plankton samples were collected for four months (October 2022- February 2023). Both phytoplankton and zooplankton were studied. During the study period, 39 phytoplankton and 24 zooplankton species were reported. The identified phytoplankton species were categorised into three prominent families: Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, and Cyanophyceae. Genus Melosira was recorded as the Most abundant species in all wetlands (more than 50%). Identified zooplankton were categorized into three main groups: Rotifera, Copepoda, and Ichthyoplankton. Rotifers were the dominant zooplankton group, and Keratella spp.; Brachionus spp. were dominant in all wetlands. Pediastrum spp., Chlorella sp., Closterium sp., Phacus sp., Euglena sp., Melosira spp., Microcystis spp., Navicula sp., Oscillatoria sp., Scenedesmus sp., and Synedra sp., Keratella spp., Brachionus spp., and Lecane spp. were identified as potential bioindicators for pollution. According to the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, phytoplankton diversity is higher than zooplankton diversity. Fourteen indicator species were observed, exhibiting varying levels of abundance. Most of them are indicators of pollution. Hence, it may be inferred that the population density of these species was relatively high, and the degree of contamination in the wetland was also found to be high.
Exploring ER UMa-type Dwarf Novae using Photometry Data of Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)
Authors: Medagangoda N. I. , Piyadasa D. B. T. L. S. , Abuthahir M. S. , Wijesinghe W. M. R. Y. , Fernando W. I. S.
Published: November 2024

An investigation was conducted into eleven ER Ursae Majoris (ER-UMa) star systems using photometric light curve data obtained from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), with a focus on exploring their mass ratios, superoutburst characteristics, and superhump dynamics. This research marks the first instance where all ER Ursae Majoris-type dwarf novae observed by TESS were investigated simultaneously. In this study, we determined the A, B, and C stages of the superhumps in the superoutbursts of each ER-UMa system using the O-C method, and we derived the mean superhump periods as well as the superhump periods in each of the A, B, and C stages. Employing the stage A superhump periods, we estimated the mass ratios (M2/M1) between the white dwarf primary (M1) and the red dwarf secondary (M2) in each system. In addition to the TESS data, we utilised photometric light curve data from the American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO), Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF), and the All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN) project to determine variations in supercycle periods and the recurrence periods of normal outbursts for each ER-UMa system.
Reviewing the Efficiency and Reality of Prevention of Domestic Violence Act, No.34 of 2005 through the Lens of Feminist Perspectives
Authors: Kasthuriarachchige Chathuprabha Induwarie
Published: November 2024

Domestic violence is a timeless topic which has been even in the legislative discourse. This paper analyses the Prevention of Domestic Violence Act, No.34 of 2005 in light of two feminist theories, namely, liberal feminism and third world feminism. Even though one may celebrate the incorporation of the above Act, it is problematic to what extent the Act satisfies its objective of prevention of domestic violence. By utilizing the Black Letter Methodology, the author finds that regardless of the Act being a gender-neutral law on its surface, in its practical application it intersects with many gendered aspects which ultimately discriminates women. Thus, the responsible authorities have not been successful in effectively addressing such inherent issues of the Act. The purpose of this study is to suggest solutions while highlighting theoretical underpinning a d justifying in reference to selected international conventions. As per the knowledge of the author this is the only Sri Lankan paper which analyses the Prevention of Domestic Violence Act, No.34 of 2005 in light from feminist legal perspectives.
Multilingual literacies for learning: Shifting ideologies, developing praxis
Authors: Probyn Margaret J.
Published: November 2024

Background: In South Africa the majority of learners are failed by school language policies that require them to switch from learning through the medium of their home language, to learning through the medium of English from Grade 4. Yet language ideologies rooted in coloniality sustain the domination of English in education and suppress the home languages of teachers and learners as valid resources for learning.Objectives: The context of this article is a teacher development intervention – Languaging for Learning (L4L) – which aimed to challenge prevailing language ideologies and develop bi/multilingual pedagogies based on the recognition of the learners’ home languages as important resources for learning.Method: Science, Mathematics and English teachers from 10 township schools in the Cape Town Metro participated in the 18-month programme which included workshops, classroom-based support and the provision of some bilingual materials. Data on the teachers’ uptake of the programme were collected through observation, interviews, and video and photographic records.Results: This article describes the shifts in language ideologies and practices of five of the participating teachers. The introduction of bi/multilingual pedagogies impacted positively on learners’ participation, motivation and opportunities to learn as well as on teachers’ sense of efficacy and agency.Conclusion: The research demonstrated how bi/multilingual pedagogies that value learners’ and teachers’ linguistic repertoires as resources for learning can contribute to overcoming the long-standing barriers to learning resulting from language policies and practices that are rooted in coloniality.Contribution: These findings demonstrate how bi/multilingual pedagogies can support epistemic access and biliteracy in education.
The rules of arguing
Authors: Ellis Chris
Published: November 2024

No abstract available.
Retrorectal Tumor - Using a Posterior Approach
Authors: Thanki Meet , Jain Paresh , Mehta Marzi G. , Balsara Kaiomarz
Published: November 2024

Retrorectal tumors (RRT) include diseases that are difficult to diagnose owing to their unspecific and overlapping symptoms. There is a significant lack of literature about approaches to these retrorectal tumors. Usually asymptomatic, when symptoms occur, they may manifest as mass effects, i.e., back pain, altered bowel or bladder function, numbness in lower extremities, or abdominal pain. It is imperative to differentiate them from low rectal cancers as the treatment modalities differ considerably. The majority of these tumors are excised using an anterior approach. In this case report, we aim to highlight the importance of the posterior approach for pelvic tumors as a feasible option for a specific category of RRT. Here we present the case of a 42-year-old male who experienced constipation and dyschezia for 4 years. Upon per rectal examination, a retrorectal mass, not involving the rectal wall, was identified and was surgically excised using a posterior approach as described by Kraske.
Emergency Laparoscopic Management of a Yakes Type III b Inferior Mesenteric Arteriovenous Malformation Presenting as a Massive Lower GI Bleed: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Puntambekar Shailesh , Attar Mohd A. , Manerikar Kshitij , Panse Mangesh , Chitale Mihir , Gandhi Nikesh M
Published: November 2024

One of the less common causes of lower gastrointestinal bleed is the inferior mesenteric artery to vein malformation in the lumen. Here, we present a case where a patient presented with massive lower gastrointestinal bleed, followed by hemorrhagic shock. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen revealed inferior mesenteric artery to vein malformation with transmural sigmoid collaterals. The usual presentation is non-specific abdominal pain, abdominal mass, or manifestations of portal hypertension and colonic ischemia; extreme cases can present with heart failure. The usual management of these arteriovenous malformations is interventional radiological procedures such as embolization, followed by surgical resection as required. In this case, we describe the role and feasibility of emergency laparoscopic management of a bleed within the inferior mesenteric vessel due to arteriovenous malformation. Less than 40 cases have been reported to date.
Fecaloma: Classification, Treatment, and Outcomes
Authors: Souza Diogo Henrique Saliba de , Morais Lucio Kenny , Neto Salustiano Gabriel , Bafutto Mauro , Oliveira Dayse Elisabeth Campos , Oliveira Camila Campos , Neto Jarbas Jabur Bittar , Ostermayer Alejandro Luquetti , Oliveira Ênio Chaves
Published: November 2024

Background:

Fecaloma is a mass of hardened and impacted feces. Its prevalence is high in elderly individuals and patients with neuromuscular changes in the gastrointestinal tract.

Objectives:

The purpose of this study was to analyze the causes, treatment, and outcomes of fecal impaction in a large group of patients.

Design:

This study was a cross-sectional, observational, retrospective study.

Setting:

Núcleo de Estudo de Doença de Chagas (Refering Center for Chagas disease), Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiania, Brazil.

Patients and Methods:

The records of patients referred to perform serology for Chagas disease with a history of fecal impaction were analyzed. Demographic data, causes, extension of fecal mass, complication (volvulus and bowel perforation), type of treatment, and outcomes were obtained.

Main Outcomes and Measurements:

Differences between two groups of patients with fecaloma: chagasic megacolon and normal population.

Sample Size:

A total of 1054 patients were included.

Results:

The median age of the patients was 64 years, with higher prevalence in women at 56.8%, and serology for Chagas disease was positive in 80.3%. Constipation was reported in 80.3% and the use of laxatives in 59.7%. The most prevalent location of fecaloma was in the rectosigmoid (64%), and the most associated complication was volvulus (11%). Most patients were managed with conservative treatment (71.1%), and surgical intervention (28.9%) was needed in complicated patients.

Conclusion:

Most patients with fecaloma were elderly women and the main cause was Chagas disease. Constipation and the rate of laxative use were significant in this population. Conservative approach resolves most cases. Surgery may be indicated in refractory cases and in cases of volvulus or bowel perforation.

Limitations:

This is a retrospective study, and many patients do not have an adequate follow-up file. Colonic evaluation is limited by poor clinical condition and age. Barium enema exam may overestimate colorectal dilation due to its methodology.

Conflict of Interest:

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
The Challenge of Mpox Diagnosis for the Colorectal Surgeon
Authors: Maniskas Seija , Marty Makenna , Truong Adam
Published: November 2024

The 2022 global Mpox epidemic infected almost 100,000 people globally, particularly men who have sex with men (MSM). Despite immunogenicity following vaccination, there is increasing evidence of waning immunity over time, especially in immunocompromised patients. With breakthrough infection becoming more prevalent, knowledge of diagnostic nuances is essential to recognizing and treating this condition. Here, we present a case of breakthrough Mpox infection in a fully vaccinated non-HIV immunocompromised patient taking risankizumab, and review the risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment. To the best of our knowledge, no such case has been presented in the literature previously.
Optimizing Early Detection of Post-Operative Complications in Colorectal Surgery: A Meta-Analysis of Combined Inflammatory Markers
Authors: Al-Kubati Waheeb R.
Published: November 2024

Post-operative complications, particularly anastomotic leaks, are a significant concern in colorectal surgery, and early identification through inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophils, and stool calprotectin can improve patient outcomes. This meta-analysis evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of these markers in predicting post-operative complications, especially anastomotic leaks, by analyzing data from 51 studies including 49,328 patients. CRP levels exceeding 145 mg/L on the third post-operative day demonstrated 85% sensitivity and 75% specificity for predicting anastomotic leaks. The combined use of CRP, WBC greater than 12,000 cells/µL, and neutrophils increased diagnostic performance to 90% sensitivity and 80% specificity. Additionally, stool calprotectin levels greater than 200 µg/g provided predictive value when CRP results were inconclusive, with 82% sensitivity and 78% specificity. Moderate heterogeneity (I² = 45%) was observed, with minimal publication bias. The findings suggest that CRP, when combined with WBC and neutrophils, is a strong predictor of post-operative complications, including anastomotic leaks, while stool calprotectin offers added diagnostic value in uncertain cases. Incorporating these markers into post-operative monitoring may enhance early detection and improve patient outcomes
A bi‐stream transformer for single‐image dehazing
Authors: Wang Mingrui , Yan Jinqiang , Wan Chaoying , Yang Guowei , Yu Teng
Published: November 2024

Deep‐learning methods, such as encoder–decoder networks, have achieved impressive results in image dehazing. However, these methods often rely only on synthesized data for training that limits their generalizability to hazy, real‐world images. To leverage prior knowledge of haze properties, we propose a bi‐encoder structure that integrates a prior‐based encoder into a traditional encoder–decoder network. The features from both encoders were fused using a feature enhancement module. We adopted transformer blocks instead of convolutions to model local feature associations. Experimental results demonstrate that our method surpasses state‐of‐the‐art methods for synthesized and actual hazy scenes. Therefore, we believe that our method will be a useful supplement to the collection of current artificial intelligence models and will benefit engineering applications in computer vision.