bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Osteopathic empirical research: a bibliometric analysis from 1966 to 2018
Authors: Morin Chantal , Gaboury Isabelle
Published: July 2021

Background

Despite the increasing use of osteopathy, a manipulative complementary and alternative medicine therapy, in the general population, its efficacy continues to be debated. In this era of evidence-based practice, no studies have previously reviewed the scientific literature in the field to identify published knowledge, trends and gaps in empirical research. The aims of this bibliometric analysis are to describe characteristics of articles published on the efficacy of osteopathic interventions and to provide an overall portrait of their impacts in the scientific literature.

Methods

A bibliometric analysis approach was used. Articles were identified with searches using a combination of relevant MeSH terms and indexing keywords about osteopathy and research designs in MEDLINE and CINAHL databases. The following indicators were extracted: country of primary author, year of publication, journals, impact factor of the journal, number of citations, research design, participants’ age group, system/body part addressed, primary outcome, indexing keywords and types of techniques.

Results

A total of 389 articles met the inclusion criteria. The number of empirical studies doubled every 5 years, with the United States, Italy, Spain, and United Kingdom being the most productive countries. Twenty-three articles were cited over 100 times. Articles were published in 103 different indexed journals, but more than half (53.7%) of articles were published in one of three osteopathy-focused readership journals. Randomized control trials (n = 145; 37.3%) and case reports (n = 142; 36.5%) were the most common research designs. A total of 187 (48.1%) studies examined the effects of osteopathic interventions using a combination of techniques that belonged to two or all of the classic fields of osteopathic interventions (musculoskeletal, cranial, and visceral).

Conclusion

The number of osteopathy empirical studies increased significantly from 1980 to 2014. The productivity appears to be very much in sync with practice development and innovations; however, the articles were mainly published in osteopathic journals targeting a limited, disciplinary-focused readership.
Hypoxia adipose stem cell-derived exosomes promote high-quality healing of diabetic wound involves activation of PI3K/Akt pathways
Authors: Wang Jie , Wu Hao , Peng Yixuan , Zhao Yue , Qin Youyou , Zhang Yingbo , Xiao Zhibo
Published: July 2021

Refractory diabetic wounds can cause persistent inflammation and delayed healing due to hypoxia. Currently, no optimal solution is available. Exosomes of adipose stem cells (ADSCs-exo) may promote skin wound healing, however, molecular mechanisms remains mysterious. We found significantly enhanced survival and proliferation of adipose stem cells after hypoxia induction compared to normoxia. Here, we aimed to investigate if hypoxic adipose stem cells exosomes (HypADSCs-exo) participate in hypoxia adaptability and accelerate diabetic wound healing. Based on high-throughput sequencing, 215 microRNAs (miRNAs) were upregulated and 369 miRNAs downregulated in HypADSCs-exo compared to ADSCs-exo. Up-regulated miR-21-3p, miR-126-5p, miR-31-5p whereas down-regulated gene miR-99b and miR-146-a correlated with wound healing. According to Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), miRNAs might regulate cell metabolism, differentiation and Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) function. Consistently, HpyADSCs-exo could promote diabetic wounds healing and inhibit inflammation through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Collectively, HpyADSCs-exo can promote diabetic wound healing as an alternative strategy to improve wound healing.
Overexpression of KIAA1199, a novel strong hyaluronidase, is a poor prognostic factor in patients with osteosarcoma
Authors: Ito Kan , Nishida Yoshihiro , Ikuta Kunihiro , Urakawa Hiroshi , Koike Hiroshi , Sakai Tomohisa , Zhang Jiarui , Shimoyama Yoshie , Imagama Shiro
Published: July 2021

Background

Hyaluronan (HA) has been shown to play important roles in the growth, invasion, and metastasis of malignant tumors. KIAA1199, which has potent HA-degrading activity, has been reported to be expressed in various malignancies and associated with patient prognosis. However, there are no reports on the expression of KIAA1199 in osteosarcoma. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of KIAA1199 and HA expression in osteosarcoma tissues on the prognosis and other clinical characteristics of osteosarcoma patients.

Methods

From 2003 to 2013, we included 49 patients with osteosarcoma at our institution, whose FFPE (formalin fixed paraffin embedded) tissue was available at the time of biopsy. The expressions of KIAA1199 and HA in each sample were assessed by immunohistochemistry using the primary antibody for KIAA1199 and HA-binding protein (HABP), respectively. For evaluation of the positivity of KIAA1199 staining, we divided the samples into two groups: High group with more than 75% positive staining and Low group with less than 75% positive staining. In the HABP staining, those with more than and less than 60% were assigned to a High group, and Low group respectively. Various clinical features were correlated with staining positivity. Prognostic factors including positivity of the staining were analyzed. Levels of mRNA expression for enzymes related to HA metabolism were assessed in two osteosarcoma cell lines using real-time RT-PCR.

Results

In KIAA1199 staining, high positivity was significantly correlated with occurrence of distant metastases (P = 0.002). The necrosis rate after preoperative chemotherapy was significantly lower in the High positivity group (59%), compared to that in the Low group (84.8%) (P = 0.003). HABP positivity was not correlated with any demographic variables, although the Low positivity group had a significantly better overall survival than the High group with KIAA1199 and HABP staining (P = 0.026 and P = 0.029, respectively). In multivariable analysis, KIAA1199 (P = 0.036) and HABP staining (P = 0.002), location (P = 0.001), and distant metastasis at initial diagnosis (P < 0.001) were identified as significant prognostic factors. KIAA1199 and hyaluronan synthase mRNA were expressed at different levels in the two osteosarcoma cell lines.

Conclusions

Our results showed that high expression of KIAA1199 and HA are both poor prognostic factors in osteosarcoma. KIAA1199 may be a useful marker for distant metastasis and chemoresistance.
Surgical choice for patients with stage I non-small-cell lung cancer ≤2 cm: an analysis from surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database
Authors: Wu Liang , Zhao Weigang , Chen Tangbing , Yang Yi
Published: July 2021

Background

No consensus was reached on the surgical procedure for patients with stage I non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) ≤ 2 cm. The aim of this study is to investigate the appropriate surgical procedure for stage I NSCLC ≤2 cm.

Methods

Patients with stage I NSCLC ≤2 cm received wedge resection, segmentectomy, lobectomy between January 2004 and December 2015 were identified using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Data were stratified by age, gender, race, side, location, grade, histology, extent of lymphadenectomy. Overall survival (OS) and lung cancer-specific survival (LCSS) were compared among patients received wedge resection, segmentectomy, lobectomy. Univariate analysis and multivariable Cox regression were performed to identify the prognostic factors of OS and LCSS.

Results

A total of 16,511 patients with stage I NSCLC ≤2 cm were included in this study, of whom 2945 patients were classified as stage I NSCLC ≤1 cm. Lobectomy had better OS and LCSS when compared with wedge resection in patients with NSCLC ≤2 cm. Only OS favored lobectomy compared with segmentectomy in stage I NSCLC>1 to 2 cm. Multivariable analysis showed that segmentectomy had similar OS and LCSS compared with lobectomy in patients with stage I NSCLC ≤2 cm. Lymph node dissection (LND) was associated with better OS in patients with NSCLC ≤2 cm and better LCSS in patients with stage I NSCLC>1 to 2 cm.

Conclusions

Segmentectomy showed comparable survival compared with lobectomy in patients with stage I NSCLC ≤2 cm. LND can provide more accurate pathological stage, may affect survival, and should be recommended for above patients.
Retrospective analysis of factors associated with aortic remodeling in patients with Stanford type B aortic dissection after thoracic endovascular aortic repair
Authors: Yu Biao , Li Tangzhiming , Liu Huadong
Published: July 2021

Objective

Acute aortic dissection is a life-threatening condition. Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR), together with optimized medical treatment, is currently the first line treatment for acute Stanford type B aortic dissection. TEVAR can close the entry tear and reduce mortality. Aortic remodeling after TEVAR can directly affect the patient’s long-term prognosis. The factors that influence aortic remodeling have, however, received insufficient clinical attention and remain unclear. It is very important to identify these factors.

Methods

A total of 100 patients were continuously enrolled from 2011 to 2018 in 2 centers. Relevant data, including time from hospital admission to surgery, medicine use and aortic computed tomography angiography images obtained before and 6 months after surgery were collected. Patients were divided into favorable and adverse aortic remodeling groups, according to the degree of aortic remodeling. Analysis of variance and the chi-square test were performed using SPSS software to compare differences between groups and to determine the factors that influence postoperative aortic remodeling.

Results

The proportion of single-stent implantations was higher in the favorable remodeling group than in the adverse remodeling group (79.5% vs. 53.8% in distal end of stent-graft level and 81.3% vs. 56.4% in diaphragm level, respectively, p < 0.05). The earlier the TEVAR procedure was performed, the better the aortic remodeling (3.4 days vs. 4.8 days in distal stent graft levels, and 3.6 days vs. 4.9 days in diaphragm level, respectively, p < 0.05), the presence of residual distal entry tears in the abdominal aorta also improved aortic remodeling after TEVAR (85.7% vs. 55.1% in the celiac trunk level, and 92.0% vs. 48.9% in the right renal artery level, respectively, p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Single stent-graft implantation and early surgery were associated with favorable aortic remodeling. Distal entry tears were also conducive to aortic remodeling after surgery for aortic dissection.
Weight changes in hypertensive patients with phlegm-dampness syndrome: an integrated proteomics and metabolomics approach
Authors: Zhang Chi , Li Li , Cheng Shiping , Chowdhury Debajyoti , Tan Yong , Liu Xinru , Zhao Ning , He Xiaojuan , Jiang Miao , Lu Cheng , Lyu Aiping
Published: July 2021

Background

Hypertension (HTN) patients who have phlegm-dampness syndrome (PDS) tend to be obese and have worse outcomes. However, the association of body weight (BW) changes and mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of HTN-PDS are not well elucidated. This study aims to identify the longitudinal observations associated with the circulating markers discriminating BW changes of individuals with HTN-PDS.

Methods

An integrative approach relying on metabolomics and proteomics was applied to serum samples from HTN-PDS patients in a prospective cohort to identify the plausible mechanistic pathways underpinning HTN-PDS pathophysiology. Study participants were determined to have experienced a weight change if they showed a 5%–15% increase/reduction in BW at the end of the follow-up period. The joint pathway analysis and network analysis were performed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA®) on the serum samples obtained from the participants over the period.

Results

The study involved 22 HTN-PDS patients who were overweight initially and were able to lose enough weight and 24 HTN-PDS individuals who developed overweight from normal BMI during a one-year follow-up. Our analysis suggested three types of phosphatidylcholine (PC) were altered. PC (22:2(13Z,16Z)/24:1(15Z)) and LysoPC (16:1(9Z)) were decreased in Queryweight gain samples, whereas the levels of PC (14:0/16:0) were increased in weight loss samples. The metabolomic analysis suggested 24 metabolites associated with HTN-PDS. Of them, 13 were up-regulated and 11 were down-regulated. The two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D DIGE) identified 45 phosphorylated proteins got altered in the HTN-PDS patients, wherein 23 were up-regulated and 22 were down-regulated. Integrated proteomic and metabolomics analyse acknowledged biomarkers PC, Complement C3, C4a/C4b, A2M and SERPINF1 as strong predictors for BW changes in HTN-PDS patients.

Conclusion

The combined serum proteomic and metabolomic profiling reveals a link between BW change and the complement system activity, altered phosphatidylcholine metabolism in HTN-PDS patients. Future studies with larger cohorts are required to strengthen and validate these findings.
Global trends and prospects about inflammasomes in stroke: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Yin Junjun , Wan Jiayang , Zhu Jiaqi , Zhou Guoying , Pan Yuming , Zhou Huifen
Published: July 2021

Background

Sterile inflammation is a key pathological process in stroke. Inflammasome activation has been implicated in various inflammatory diseases, including ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. Hence, targeting inflammasomes is a promising approach for the treatment of stroke.

Methods

We applied bibliometric methods and techniques. The Web of Science Core Collection was searched for studies indexed from database inception to November 26, 2020. We generated various visual maps to display publications, authors, sources, countries, and keywords.

Results

Our literature search yielded 427 publications related to inflammasomes involved in stroke, most of which consisted of original research articles and reviews. In particular, we found that there was a substantial increase in the number of relevant publications in 2018. Furthermore, most of the publications with the highest citation rates were published in 2014. Relatively, the field about inflammasomes in stroke developed rapidly in 2014 and 2018. Many institutions contributed to these publications, including those from China, the United States, and worldwide. We found that NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) was the most studied, followed by NLRP1, NLRP2, and NLRC4 among the inflammasomes associated with stroke. Analysis of keywords suggested that the most studied mechanisms involved dysregulation of extracellular pH, efflux of Ca2+ ions, dysfunction of K+/Na+ ATPases, mitochondrial dysfunction, and damage to mitochondrial DNA.

Conclusions

Given the potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications, the specific mechanisms of inflammasomes contributing to stroke warrant further investigation. We used bibliometric methods to objectively present the global trend of inflammasomes in stroke, and to provide important information for relevant researchers.
Cybernic treatment with wearable cyborg Hybrid Assistive Limb (HAL) improves ambulatory function in patients with slowly progressive rare neuromuscular diseases: a multicentre, randomised, controlled crossover trial for efficacy and safety (NCY-3001)
Authors: Nakajima Takashi , Sankai Yoshiyuki , Takata Shinjiro , Kobayashi Yoko , Ando Yoshihito , Nakagawa Masanori , Saito Toshio , Saito Kayoko , Ishida Chiho , Tamaoka Akira , Saotome Takako , Ikai Tetsuo , Endo Hisako , Ishii Kazuhiro , Morita Mitsuya , Maeno Takashi , Komai Kiyonobu , Ikeda Tetsuhiko , Ishikawa Yuka , Maeshima Shinichiro , Aoki Masashi , Ito Michiya , Mima Tatsuya , Miura Toshihiko , Matsuda Jun , Kawaguchi Yumiko , Hayashi Tomohiro , Shingu Masahiro , Kawamoto Hiroaki
Published: July 2021

Background

Rare neuromuscular diseases such as spinal muscular atrophy, spinal bulbar muscular atrophy, muscular dystrophy, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, distal myopathy, sporadic inclusion body myositis, congenital myopathy, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis lead to incurable amyotrophy and consequent loss of ambulation. Thus far, no therapeutic approaches have been successful in recovering the ambulatory ability. Thus, the aim of this trial was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cybernic treatment with a wearable cyborg Hybrid Assistive Limb (HAL, Lower Limb Type) in improving the ambulatory function in those patients.

Results

We conducted an open-label, randomised, controlled crossover trial to test HAL at nine hospitals between March 6, 2013 and August 8, 2014. Eligible patients were older than 18 years and had a diagnosis of neuromuscular disease as specified above. They were unable to walk for 10 m independently and had neither respiratory failure nor rapid deterioration in gait. The primary endpoint was the distance passed during a two-minute walk test (2MWT). The secondary endpoints were walking speed, cadence, and step length during the 10-m walk test (10MWT), muscle strength by manual muscle testing (MMT), and a series of functional measures. Adverse events and failures/problems/errors with HAL were also evaluated. Thirty patients were randomly assigned to groups A or B, with each group of 15 receiving both treatments in a crossover design. The efficacy of a 40-min walking program performed nine times was compared between HAL plus a hoist and a hoist only. The final analysis included 13 and 11 patients in groups A and B, respectively. Cybernic treatment with HAL resulted in a 10.066% significantly improved distance in 2MWT (95% confidence interval, 0.667–19.464;p = 0.0369) compared with the hoist only treatment. Among the secondary endpoints, the total scores of MMT and cadence at 10MWT were the only ones that showed significant improvement. The only adverse effects were slight to mild myalgia, back pain, and contact skin troubles, which were easily remedied.

Conclusions

HAL is a new treatment device for walking exercise, proven to be more effective than the conventional method in patients with incurable neuromuscular diseases.

Trial registration: JMACTR, JMA-IIA00156
Ultrasound guided needle biopsy of axilla to evaluate nodal metastasis after preoperative systemic therapy in cohort of 106 breast cancers enriched with BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant carriers
Authors: Līcīte Baiba , Irmejs Arvīds , Maksimenko Jeļena , Loža Pēteris , Trofimovičs Genādijs , Miklaševičs Edvīns , Nazarovs Jurijs , Romanovska Māra , Deičmane Justīne , Irmejs Reinis , Purkalne Gunta , Gardovskis Jānis
Published: July 2021

Background

Aim of the study is to evaluate the role of ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the restaging of node positive breast cancer after preoperative systemic therapy (PST).

Methods

From January 2016 – October 2020 106 node positive stage IIA-IIIC breast cancer cases undergoing PST were included in the study. 18 (17 %) were carriers of pathogenic variant in BRCA1/2. After PST restaging of axilla was performed with ultrasound and FNAC of the marked and/or the most suspicious axillary node. In 72/106 cases axilla conserving surgery and in 34/106 cases axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) was performed.

Results

False Positive Rate (FPR) of FNAC after PST in whole cohort and BRCA1/2 positive subgroup is 8 and 0 % and False Negative Rate (FNR) – 43 and 18 % respectively. Overall Sensitivity − 55 %, specificity- 93 %, accuracy 70 %.

Conclusion

FNAC after PST has low FPR and is useful to predict residual axillary disease and to streamline surgical decision making regarding ALND both in BRCA1/2 positive and negative subgroups. FNR is high in overall cohort and FNAC alone are not able to predict ypCR and omission of further axillary surgery. However, FNAC performance in BRCA1/2 positive subgroup is more promising and further research with larger number of cases is necessary to confirm the results.
Implementing an automated monitoring process in a digital, longitudinal observational cohort study
Authors: Lindner Lisa , Weiß Anja , Reich Andreas , Kindler Siegfried , Behrens Frank , Braun Jürgen , Listing Joachim , Schett Georg , Sieper Joachim , Strangfeld Anja , Regierer Anne C.
Published: July 2021

Background

Clinical data collection requires correct and complete data sets in order to perform correct statistical analysis and draw valid conclusions. While in randomized clinical trials much effort concentrates on data monitoring, this is rarely the case in observational studies- due to high numbers of cases and often-restricted resources. We have developed a valid and cost-effective monitoring tool, which can substantially contribute to an increased data quality in observational research.

Methods

An automated digital monitoring system for cohort studies developed by the German Rheumatism Research Centre (DRFZ) was tested within the disease register RABBIT-SpA, a longitudinal observational study including patients with axial spondyloarthritis and psoriatic arthritis. Physicians and patients complete electronic case report forms (eCRF) twice a year for up to 10 years. Automatic plausibility checks were implemented to verify all data after entry into the eCRF. To identify conflicts that cannot be found by this approach, all possible conflicts were compiled into a catalog. This “conflict catalog” was used to create queries, which are displayed as part of the eCRF. The proportion of queried eCRFs and responses were analyzed by descriptive methods. For the analysis of responses, the type of conflict was assigned to either a single conflict only (affecting individual items) or a conflict that required the entire eCRF to be queried.

Results

Data from 1883 patients was analyzed. A total of n = 3145 eCRFs submitted between baseline (T0) and T3 (12 months) had conflicts (40–64%). Fifty-six to 100% of the queries regarding eCRFs that were completely missing were answered. A mean of 1.4 to 2.4 single conflicts occurred per eCRF, of which 59–69% were answered. The most common missing values were CRP, ESR, Schober’s test, data on systemic glucocorticoid therapy, and presence of enthesitis.

Conclusion

Providing high data quality in large observational cohort studies is a major challenge, which requires careful monitoring. An automated monitoring process was successfully implemented and well accepted by the study centers. Two thirds of the queries were answered with new data. While conventional manual monitoring is resource-intensive and may itself create new sources of errors, automated processes are a convenient way to augment data quality.
Ganglionar tuberculosis infection evolving to hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis after anti-programmed cell death 1 treatment for high-risk melanoma: a case report
Authors: Costa Cesar M. , Gadotti Luiza L. , Seiwald Maria C. , Salgues Alessandra C. R. , Ganem Fernando , Nascimento Ellen C. T. , Uip David E. , Arrais-Rodrigues Celso , Munhoz Rodrigo R.
Published: July 2021

Background

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is a rare, potentially fatal syndrome of immune hyperactivation. Here we describe a ganglionar tuberculosis evolving to hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis following adjuvant immunotherapy in a melanoma patient.

Case presentation

A 76-year-old Caucasian male with melanoma started with fever, diffuse petechiae, splenomegaly, anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypofibrinogenemia, and hyperferritinemia 2 months following completion of adjuvant treatment with nivolumab. Positron emission tomography scan showed significant hypermetabolism in cervical, supraclavicular, mediastinal, and abdominal lymph nodes. Bone marrow aspiration demonstrated no alterations, except for a hypercellular pattern. Dexamethasone and intravenous immunoglobulin were started owing to suspicion of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Core biopsy of the infracarinal lymph node revealed a chronic granulomatous inflammation and caseous necrosis, with positivity forMycobacterium tuberculosisby polymerase chain reaction, and treatment for ganglionar tuberculosis was started.

Conclusion

This case highlights the challenges involving programmed cell death 1 blockade in high-risk melanoma, in which infections, lymphoproliferative disorders, and sarcoidosis can mimic disease progression and trigger immune-related adverse events.
Reappraisal of metabolic dysfunction in neurodegeneration: Focus on mitochondrial function and calcium signaling
Authors: Jadiya Pooja , Garbincius Joanne F. , Elrod John W.
Published: July 2021

The cellular and molecular mechanisms that drive neurodegeneration remain poorly defined. Recent clinical trial failures, difficult diagnosis, uncertain etiology, and lack of curative therapies prompted us to re-examine other hypotheses of neurodegenerative pathogenesis. Recent reports establish that mitochondrial and calcium dysregulation occur early in many neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington's disease, and others. However, causal molecular evidence of mitochondrial and metabolic contributions to pathogenesis remains insufficient. Here we summarize the data supporting the hypothesis that mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunction result from diverse etiologies of neuropathology. We provide a current and comprehensive review of the literature and interpret that defective mitochondrial metabolism is upstream and primary to protein aggregation and other dogmatic hypotheses of NDDs. Finally, we identify gaps in knowledge and propose therapeutic modulation of mCa2+ exchange and mitochondrial function to alleviate metabolic impairments and treat NDDs.
Implant-supported mandibular overdentures: a retrospective case series study in a daily dental practice
Authors: Abdoel Shebrina F. , Haagedoorn Stephanie S. , Raghoebar Gerry M. , Meijer Henny J. A.
Published: July 2021

Background

Evaluation of dental implant treatment is mostly based on studies with well-controlled study groups treated within a university-based setting. There are no long-term observational practice-based studies known on implant-supported overdentures. The present retrospective study deals with implant survival, peri-implant hard and soft tissue health, surgical and prosthetic aftercare, and satisfaction of patients treated with an implant-supported mandibular overdenture in a daily dental practice.

Materials and methods

Within the years 2006 till 2015, 295 patients were treated with two, three, or four implants for mandibular overdenture treatment in a daily dental practice in Zaandam, The Netherlands. Outcome parameters were scored at a routine yearly inspection including implant loss, plaque index, gingival index, bleeding index, presence of calculus, probing depth, and satisfaction with implant-supported overdenture. Radiographic analysis was performed to assess peri-implant bone changes. Surgical and prosthetic aftercare was obtained from the medical record.

Results

A total of 133 patients were seen for an evaluation visit (mean follow-up 51.2 months). Cumulative implant survival rate in the 2-implant group, 3-implant group, and 4-implant group was 100%, 99.1%, and 97.8% respectively, with a mean peri-implant bone loss of 0.53 mm, 0.61 mm, and 0.40 mm. Patients’ satisfaction was high in all groups.

Conclusion

It was demonstrated, within the limitations of this study, that patients, who were treated with an implant-supported mandibular overdenture in a daily dental practice, experienced a high cumulative implant survival rate and a good peri-implant health, and were very satisfied.

Trial registration

Netherlands Trial Register, NL8867. Registered 15 September 2020—retrospectively registered.
A case with massive hemobilia long-term after internal drainage surgery for congenital biliary dilation
Authors: Minezaki Shunryo , Misawa Takeyuki , Watanabe Makoto , Takahashi Hideki , Koenuma Takashi , Kondo Rie , Toyoda Hiroe , Nemoto Kentaro , Tsukayama Hiroyuki , Shibuya Makoto , Wada Keita , Sano Keiji , Ohta Yasunori , Numakura Satoe , Sasajima Yuko , Uozaki Hiroshi
Published: July 2021

Background

Currently, there is an unwavering consensus that the standard surgery for congenital biliary dilation (CBD) is extrahepatic bile duct resection and choledochojejunostomy. However, decades prior, choledochocyst–gastrointestinal anastomosis without extrahepatic bile duct resection (internal drainage surgery, IDS) was preferred for CBD because of its simplicity. Currently, there is almost no chance of a surgeon encountering a patient who has undergone old-fashioned IDS, which has been completely obsolete due to the risk of carcinogenesis from the remaining bile duct. Moreover, the pathological condition long after IDS is unclear. Herein, we report a case of life-threatening bile duct bleeding as well as carcinoma of the bile duct 62 years after IDS in a patient with CBD.

Case presentation

An 82-year-old Japanese woman with hemorrhagic shock due to gastrointestinal bleeding was transferred to our hospital. She had a medical history of unspecified surgery for CBD at the age of 20. Based on imaging findings and an understanding of the historical transition of the surgical procedure for CBD, the cause of gastrointestinal bleeding was determined to be rupture of the pseudoaneurysm of the dilated bile duct that remained after IDS. Hemostasis was successfully performed by transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) in an emergency setting. Then, elective surgery for extrahepatic bile duct resection and choledochojejunostomy was performed to prevent rebleeding. Pathological examination revealed severely and chronically inflamed mucosa of the bile duct. Additionally, cholangiocarcinoma (Tis, N0, M0, pStage 0) was incidentally revealed.

Conclusion

It has been indicated that not only carcinogenesis, but also a risk of life-threatening bleeding exists due to long-lasting chronic inflammation to the remnant bile duct after IDS for CBD. Additionally, both knowledge of which CBD operation was performed, and an accurate clinical history are important for the diagnosis of hemobilia.
Behavioural symptoms of mental health disorder such as depression among young people using Instagram: a systematic review
Authors: Adeyanju Gbadebo Collins , Solfa Ron Patrick , Tran Thuy Linh , Wohlfarth Sophia , Büttner Jonas , Osobajo Oluyomi A. , Otitoju Afolabi
Published: July 2021

There is a growing debate on the linkage between social networking platforms and mental health disorder, such as depressive behaviour or depression. However, the relationship between Instagram use and depression or depressive behaviour has not been exhaustively examined. This review aims to examine these two variables. Only peer-reviewed journal articles that are published between October 2010 and December 2018 were sought in central and journal databases. Studies were selected based on predefined criteria and assessed for risk of bias and quality of evidence using GRADE. One thousand eight hundred fifty-six studies were the outcome of the search, out of which 9 meets all eligible criteria. Of the 9 studies, three-quarter was published between 2017 and 2018, covering five continents: (North America: 3; Asia: 2; Australia: 2; South America: 1, Europe: 1). The final included studies broadly examined young Instagram users between the age of 19 and 35. The synthesis affirmed a linkage between Instagram and symptoms of depression or depressive behaviour. Variables that moderate this relationship are social comparison, self-esteem built on validation and approval of others, social media dependence, gender, negative or insufficient feedback, poor self-rated attractiveness, Instagram broadcasting and loneliness, younger users and risk of anxiety, and the number of strangers that users follow. There is a strong relationship between Instagram use and mental health disorders such as depression or depressive behaviour; however, no in-depth direct causality is proven yet. Further studies are needed to unravel the direct causality puzzles.
Impact of remote experimentation, interactivity and platform effectiveness on laboratory learning outcomes
Authors: Achuthan Krishnashree , Raghavan Dhananjay , Shankar Balakrishnan , Francis Saneesh P. , Kolil Vysakh Kani
Published: July 2021

Access and personalized instruction required for laboratory education can be highly compromised due to regulatory constraints in times such as COVID-19 pandemic or resource shortages at other times. This directly impacts the student engagement and immersion that are necessary for conceptual and procedural understanding for scientific experimentation. While online and remote laboratories have potential to address the aforementioned challenges, theoretical perspectives of laboratory learning outcomes are critical to enhance their impact and are sparsely examined in the literature. Using Transactional Distance Theory (TDT), this paper addresses the gap through a case study on Universal Testing Machine (UTM). By comparing physical (PL-UTM) and remotely triggerable (RT-UTM) laboratory platforms, the structure and interactions as per TDT are analysed. Characterization of interactivity between remote learners and instructors disclose indicative parameters that affect transactional distances and aid in conceptual understanding in remote laboratory learning environment. An extensive pedagogical study through development of two instruments towards assessing conceptual understanding and perception of platform effectiveness that was conducted both on physical laboratory and RT-UTM showed: (1) remote users conducted experiments 3 times more frequently (2) completed assignments in 30% less time and (3) had over 200% improvement in scores when RT-UTM platform was integrated into mainstream learning.
Trans-prosthetic recanalization of a collapsed iliac limb using the GoBack catheter: a case report
Authors: Azzaretti Andrea , Trevisan Daniele , Fachinetti Camilla , Borghi Claudia , Vannelli Alberto
Published: July 2021

Background

Recanalization of graft limb occlusion can prove challenging and the use of the GoBack crossing and reentry device may be a suitable option, especially when there is no other way to restore flow with an usual endovascular approach. The GoBack catheter is a novel device designed to enhance pushability, and to enable direction-change inside hard plaques and crossing of tough lesions, even when they involve graft fabric.

Case presentation

It’s reported a case of a 76-year-old male who presented with claudication, previous placement of an aorto-bi iliac graft by open surgery for a ruptured abdominal aneurysm 10 years ago that, over time, developed severe kinking on the left limb and a fabric occlusion on the right limb. After several unsuccessful attempts to cross the occlusion of the right common iliac artery, the GoBack™ was deployed to create a lumen through graft’s folds. After angioplasty and stenting a satisfactory result was achieved, restoring flowCT-scan at 1 month and duplex ultrasound (DUS) at 3 months confirmed the patency of ilio-femoral axis.

Conclusions

The advent of this new CTO crossing device has the potential to facilitate recanalization of some of the most challenging occlusions. Facilitating more consistent distal entry and allowing for a decrease in crossing time. Therefore, the GoBack catheter should be considered as a potential complementary tool to treat vascular occlusions via endovascular approaches, especially when classical endovascular techniques fail.
Comparative study between bedside chest ultrasound and chest CT scan in the diagnosis of traumatic pneumothorax
Authors: Abu Arab Walid , Abdulhaleem Muhammad , Eltahan Salah , Elhamami Moustafa
Published: July 2021

Background

Traumatic pneumothorax (PTx) is common in chest trauma. Its incidence ranges between 10 and 28%. Chest X-ray (CXR) is the traditional imaging for the potential traumatic PTx, while CT chest is considered the gold standard diagnostic tool. However, it requires that the patient to be transferred from the Emergency Department (ED) with its resuscitative facilities. Chest US (E-FAST) has emerged as a sensitive tool that can be used on bedside basis with much higher sensitivity than CXR. The objective of this study was to compare between accuracy and usefulness of the bedside US chest and CT chest in the diagnosis of traumatic PTx, as well as its ability to quantify its size. This was a prospective clinical study that included two hundred patients who have been admitted to the ED. The inclusion criteria included any patient with chest trauma. Exclusion criteria included patients with clinical surgical emphysema, patients with life threatening PTx, and patients who did not undergo CT chest.

Results

Forty-seven hemithoraces were proved positive for PTx by CT chest, while forty-five hemithoraces out of those 47 were confirmed by bedside chest US. The sensitivity for chest US is 95.74% in detection of traumatic PTx. No false-positive cases were diagnosed. All of the forty-five hemithoraces diagnosed by chest US have been confirmed by CT scan making a specificity of 100%.

Conclusions

Chest US is a useful rapid diagnostic tool in the diagnosis and quantification of the traumatic PTx at ED. It avoids the delay in transportation of the critically ill patients to perform CT chest.
Ecological footprint and human well-being nexus: accounting for broad-based financial development, globalization, and natural resources in the Next-11 countries
Authors: Nathaniel Solomon Prince
Published: July 2021

The Next-11 (N11) countries have witnessed great advancements in economic activities in the past few years. However, the simultaneous attainment of environmental sustainability and improved human well-being has remained elusive. This study probes into ecological footprint (EF) and human well-being nexus in N11 countries by applying advanced estimation techniques compatible with heterogeneity, endogeneity, and cross-sectional dependence across country groups. From the findings, human well-being, captured by the human development index, increases the EF, and EF also increases human well-being which suggests a strong trade-off between both indicators. This shows that policies that are channeled toward promoting human well-being are not in consonance with environmental wellness. Financial development and biocapacity increase the EF, while natural resources and globalization reduce it. Human well-being increases the EF in all the countries except in Egypt. This study argues that strong institutions could help mitigate the trade-offs and ease the simultaneous attainment of both environmental preservation and improved human well-being. The limitations of the study, as well as, possible directions for future research are discussed.
Anatomical derangements after failed PSARP: correlating MRI and operative findings
Authors: AbouZeid Amr Abdelhamid , Mohammad Shaimaa Abdelsattar
Published: July 2021

Background

Redo surgery for anorectal anomalies (ARA) may be considered a special category of reconstructive surgery with less predictable outcomes. In this report, we studied anatomical derangements in a group of boys following a previously complicated PSARP procedure, in addition to the effect of reoperation on rectifying this distorted anatomy.

Results

The study included 27 boys who were re-operated after a previous complicated PSARP. Included cases were divided into two groups: group A (14 cases) was referred before colostomy closure with an obviously complicated primary operation, and group B (13 cases) was referred with delayed complications after colostomy closure.

Pelvic MRI examinations were performed before reoperation in 19 cases. In nine of these cases, a repeat MRI examination was performed at follow-up after reoperation to study the effect of redo surgery on rectifying the distorted anatomy.

Abnormal wide anorectal angle and wide pelvic hiatus were common anatomical derangements after a previously complicated PSARP. An important goal of reoperation was reconstruction of the levator ani behind the anorectum trying to create a more acute anorectal angle and a narrower pelvic hiatus. The success of this corrective step was evaluated by MRI comparing pre- and postoperative measurements that showed a favourable decrease in the values of anorectal angle and hiatal/PC ratio. Improvement of faecal continence was documented after reoperation in 8 out of 10 cases in group B.

Conclusion

A wide pelvic hiatus was a frequently encountered postsurgical complication after failed PSARP that has most probably resulted from poor reconstruction of the pelvic floor at time of the primary repair. Re-approximation of the split halves of levator ani in the midline behind the anorectum at reoperation can help to correct the distorted internal anatomy and improve bowel control in these cases.
Osteoporotic Fractures and Vertebral Body Reshaping in Children With Glucocorticoid-Treated Rheumatic Disorders
Authors: Ward Leanne M , Ma Jinhui , Robinson Marie-Eve , Scharke Maya , Ho Josephine , Houghton Kristin , Huber Adam , Scuccimarri Rosie , Barsalou Julie , Roth Johannes , Shenouda Nazih , Matzinger Mary Ann , Lentle Brian , Jaremko Jacob L , Koujok Khaldoun , Watanabe Duffy Karen , Stein Robert , Sbrocchi Anne Marie , Rodd Celia , Miettunen Paivi M , LeBlanc Claire M A , Larche Maggie , Jurencak Roman , Cummings Elizabeth A , Couch Robert , Cabral David A , Atkinson Stephanie , Alos Nathalie , Sykes Elizabeth , Konji Victor N , Rauch Frank , Siminoski Kerry , Lang Bianca
Published: July 2021

Context

Osteoporotic fractures are an important cause of morbidity in children with glucocorticoid-treated rheumatic disorders.

Objective

This work aims to evaluate the incidence and predictors of osteoporotic fractures and potential for recovery over six years following glucocorticoid (GC) initiation in children with rheumatic disorders.

Methods

Children with GC-treated rheumatic disorders were evaluated through a prospective inception cohort study led by the Canadian STeroid-induced Osteoporosis in the Pediatric Population (STOPP) Consortium. Clinical outcomes included lumbar spine bone mineral density (LS BMD), vertebral fractures (VF), non-VF, and vertebral body reshaping.

Results

A total of 136 children with GC-treated rheumatic disorders were enrolled (mean age 9.9 years, SD 4.4). The 6-year cumulative fracture incidence was 16.3% for VF, and 10.1% for non-VF. GC exposure was highest in the first 6 months, and 24 of 38 VF (63%) occurred in the first 2 years. Following VF, 16 of 19 children (84%) had complete vertebral body reshaping. Increases in disease activity and body mass index z scores in the first year and declines in LS BMD z scores in the first 6 months predicted incident VF over the 6 years, while higher average daily GC doses predicted both incident VF and non-VF. LS BMD z scores were lowest at 6 months (mean –0.9, SD 1.2) and remained low by 6 years even when adjusted for height z scores (–0.6, SD 0.9).

Conclusion

VF occurred early and were more common than non-VF in children with GC-treated rheumatic disorders. Eighty-four percent of children with VF underwent complete vertebral body reshaping, whereas vertebral deformity persisted in the remainder of children. On average, LS BMD z scores remained low at 6 years, consistent with incomplete recovery.
Large organellar changes occur during mild heat shock in yeast
Authors: Keuenhof Katharina S. , Larsson Berglund Lisa , Malmgren Hill Sandra , Schneider Kara L. , Widlund Per O. , Nyström Thomas , Höög Johanna L.
Published: July 2021

When the temperature is increased, the heat-shock response is activated to protect the cellular environment. The transcriptomics and proteomics of this process are intensively studied, while information about how the cell responds structurally to heat stress is mostly lacking. Here, Saccharomyces cerevisiae were subjected to a mild continuous heat shock (38°C) and intermittently cryo-immobilised for electron microscopy. Through measuring changes in all distinguishable organelle numbers, sizes and morphologies in over 2100 electron micrographs, a major restructuring of the internal architecture of the cell during the progressive heat shock was revealed. The cell grew larger but most organelles within it expanded even more, shrinking the volume of the cytoplasm. Organelles responded to heat shock at different times, both in terms of size and number, and adaptations of the morphology of some organelles (such as the vacuole) were observed. Multivesicular bodies grew by almost 70%, indicating a previously unknown involvement in the heat-shock response. A previously undescribed electron-translucent structure accumulated close to the plasma membrane. This all-encompassing approach provides a detailed chronological progression of organelle adaptation throughout the cellular heat-stress response.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Limited heat tolerance in a cold-adapted seabird: implications of a warming Arctic
Authors: Choy Emily S. , O'Connor Ryan S. , Gilchrist H. Grant , Hargreaves Anna L. , Love Oliver P. , Vézina François , Elliott Kyle H.
Published: July 2021

The Arctic is warming at approximately twice the global rate, with well-documented indirect effects on wildlife. However, few studies have examined the direct effects of warming temperatures on Arctic wildlife, leaving the importance of heat stress unclear. Here, we assessed the direct effects of increasing air temperatures on the physiology of thick-billed murres (Uria lomvia), an Arctic seabird with reported mortalities due to heat stress while nesting on sun-exposed cliffs. We used flow-through respirometry to measure the response of body temperature, resting metabolic rate, evaporative water loss and evaporative cooling efficiency (the ratio of evaporative heat loss to metabolic heat production) in murres while experimentally increasing air temperature. Murres had limited heat tolerance, exhibiting: (1) a low maximum body temperature (43.3°C); (2) a moderate increase in resting metabolic rate relative that within their thermoneutral zone (1.57 times); (3) a small increase in evaporative water loss rate relative that within their thermoneutral zone (1.26 times); and (4) a low maximum evaporative cooling efficiency (0.33). Moreover, evaporative cooling efficiency decreased with increasing air temperature, suggesting murres were producing heat at a faster rate than they were dissipating it. Larger murres also had a higher rate of increase in resting metabolic rate and a lower rate of increase in evaporative water loss than smaller murres; therefore, evaporative cooling efficiency declined with increasing body mass. As a cold-adapted bird, murres' limited heat tolerance likely explains their mortality on warm days. Direct effects of overheating on Arctic wildlife may be an important but under-reported impact of climate change.