bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical aspects of opening proceedings in the case of insolvency of a debtor – a natural person in accordance with the Code of Ukraine on bankruptcy procedures
Authors: ZAVERUKHA Serhii , BAHINSKYI Artem
Published: June 2024

The paper analyzes the theoretical aspects and legal norms regulating the procedure for initiating proceedings in cases of personal insolvency according to the Bankruptcy Procedures Code of Ukraine. It provides an in-depth analysis of Article 115 of the Code, which establishes the grounds for the court to decide to start examining a case of insolvency. This includes examining the debtor's inability to fulfill obligations to creditors, the absence of assets that can be subjected to enforcement, and other factors affecting the debtor's financial state. The paper delves into the legal intricacies and conditions under which a court can declare an individual insolvent, highlighting the critical importance of these conditions in protecting both the debtor and the creditors.
Special attention is given to the importance of a detailed understanding and proper application of each norm, considering judicial practice and procedural nuances that can significantly affect the effectiveness and fairness of bankruptcy proceedings. The paper underscores the necessity for legal practitioners to be well-versed in these norms to navigate the complexities of insolvency cases effectively. It discusses how minor procedural missteps or misunderstandings of the law can lead to significant delays or even unjust outcomes, emphasizing the need for precision and thoroughness in legal proceedings.
The role of the court is critically examined, particularly in ensuring an objective examination of the case circumstances. The court's duty is not limited to the evidence presented by the parties; it must also consider all relevant circumstances that might affect the case outcome. The paper highlights the court's subsidiary duty to assist the debtor in establishing the necessary circumstances for initiating proceedings, which is essential for ensuring that justice is served and that the debtor's rights are protected throughout the process.
Furthermore, the paper discusses the broader implications of these legal norms and practices on the financial system and society. It considers how effective bankruptcy procedures can contribute to economic stability by providing a structured method for resolving insolvency issues. This, in turn, can encourage responsible lending and borrowing practices, as all parties have a clear understanding of the legal recourse available in cases of financial distress.
This paper is particularly beneficial for lawyers, judges, and anyone interested in personal bankruptcy procedures, as it provides a comprehensive understanding of the procedural requirements and approaches used in Ukrainian legal practice. By offering detailed insights into the legal framework and practical applications of the Bankruptcy Procedures Code, it serves as a valuable resource for those involved in or studying insolvency law, helping to ensure that personal bankruptcy cases are handled with the highest standards of fairness and efficiency.
Main aspects of sustainable development of the hotel and restaurant business and tourism
Authors: ZHYLENKO Kateryna , YAROVENKO Tetiana , STAVYTSKA Alla , SAMOILENKO Alla
Published: June 2024

Introduction. The integration of tourism and the hotel and restaurant business has being contributed to increasing the level of efficiency of management and operation, optimization of resource costs, and improvement of the level of efficiency of greening. Sustainable management is designed to address the environmental challenges faced by two of the world's fastest growing industries: hospitality and tourism.
The purpose of the paper is to study the main areas of development of the hotel and restaurant business and tourism in the context of sustainable development, which involves the study of modern trends, problems and opportunities that affect the effectiveness of the functioning of these industries.
Results. The paper has considered the main aspects of the development of the field of hospitality, which allows us to reveal the potential of its development and improvement. The dynamics of international incomes for 2005-2023, the level of income of the travel and tourism market in Europe from 2018 with its forecast until 2028 were studied. It was established that what is happening is: restoration of consumer confidence in travel; growth in the number of incomes in all regions of the world; the main tourist destination is Europe. It is predicted that income in all segments of the tourism market will increase significantly, so the hotel and restaurant market will also undergo stable development. It is noted that despite the recovery, the level of income remains lower than before the pandemic (with the exception of the Middle East). It has been established that the key trends that determine the new reality of the hospitality sector are: digital transformation; emphasis on food safety; expansion of gastronomic experience; flexibility and personalization; environmentalization; stability and experience.
Conclusion. The conclusions have emphasized that the above-mentioned key trends have great potential for further development and improvement, contributing to increasing the level of service quality and meeting the needs of consumers of the hotel, restaurant and tourism business. As prospects for further research in this direction, the issue of improving technologies, which will contribute to the formation of sustainable and ecologically conscious consumption of resources, has been identified.
Protection of consumer rights in the practice of the EU court
Authors: BONDARENKO Diana , RUCHKO Alina , SAVCHUK Mariia
Published: June 2024

Introduction. The paper highlights the issues of implementation of consumer protection mechanisms at two hierarchically subordinate levels – international and national. It is given the generalization of separately analyzed cases illustrating the proper practical implementation of consumer protection at the level of the EU Court of Justice. It is provided a generalized view of how theoretical consolidation of the rules meets the requirements of the present.
The purpose of the paper is to present the practical results of the analysis of the European consumer protection system at the supranational and national levels of the EU. To do so, the following tasks need to be accomplished: to define the legislative regulation of European consumer policy and its basic principles, to outline the procedure for legislative regulation of consumer issues by the EU supranational institutions, to analyze the case law of the EU Court of Justice and to identify further trends in legal regulation in this area.
Results. It is emphasized that it is the European Union that serves as a priority for the national systems of its member states. It is found that the States clearly follow the principles enshrined in certain Directives, but often face difficulties in interpretation, since not all the rules have been implemented in accordance with the fluidity of the modernized world, and therefore there is a need to apply to the Court of Justice of the European Union for a broader explanation. Despite certain difficulties, new mechanisms are increasingly being introduced to ensure the effectiveness of consumer protection at the international level. In particular, the doctrinal positions of individual scholars play an important role, which, in turn, are implemented in practice.
Conclusion. It is noted that it is important to harmonize the national legislation of the Member States and the European legislation, since only then can the consumer protection sphere be properly regulated. In general, it is noted that the issue of building and maintaining consumer confidence in the market is a key one for European consumer policy. It cannot be ensured in the presence of unfair, aggressive and openly fraudulent trade practices, so the system must have a sufficient range of effective tools, both state and non-state, to prevent them.
Problem aspects of verifying declarations and monitoring the lifestyle
Authors: ZYMA Oleksandr , ZAVIALOV Yehor , KLYMUS Khrystyna
Published: June 2024

In modern conditions, when the country suffers from a full-scale invasion from the outside, there is no less an enemy within it - corruption. An important factor contributing to the fight against corruption is society, which can help anti-corruption authorities in the fight against such a negative phenomenon as corruption with the help of various means.
Among such means, declaration and monitoring of the way of life of officials stand out. This paper will be devoted to highlighting the problem of the imperfection of the current legislation in terms of monitoring the lifestyle of certain categories of persons. Thus, it will be pointed out the problematic decision of the CCU, due to which it was necessary to change the approach to the verification of declarations and lifestyle monitoring. The consequences of this decision will also be analyzed.
Thus, according to the current legislation, there should be three separate lifestyle monitoring procedures: the general procedure, the procedure for monitoring the lifestyle of NACP employees, and the procedure for monitoring the lifestyle of judges.
However, currently only two orders are in operation: general and for employees of NACP. According to the legislation, the procedure for lifestyle monitoring and full verification of the declarations of judges and judges of the ccu is adopted by agreement with the High Council of Justice. Back in 2021, NACP appealed to the High Council of Justice, but was refused. Therefore, since that time, the order was never adopted.
The purpose of the study is to analyze the participation of the public in the use of such anti-corruption tools as the declaration of persons authorized to perform the functions of the state or local self-government, monitoring their lifestyle, and the ways of their interaction with the NACP, as well as to identify shortcomings in the legislation and develop proposals for their elimination.
Disciplinary responsibility of prosecutors of Ukraine: grounds, procedure and features of disciplinary proceedings
Authors: PRYSIAZHNA Anna
Published: June 2024

The paper is devoted to issues related to bringing prosecutors to disciplinary responsibility in Ukraine. Disciplinary responsibility is a type of legal responsibility that, compared to others, is the most common and often applied to prosecutors. It is worth noting that the existence and consolidation of the disciplinary responsibility of prosecutors at the legislative level does not contradict European standards and is justified, since this type of responsibility acts not only as a guarantor of the prosecutors' performance of their duties, ensuring the rights of citizens, society and the state, but also contributes to the prevention of offenses with by the prosecutors themselves. From a doctrinal point of view, the disciplinary responsibility of prosecutors is considered as a special, independent type of legal responsibility, which is applied in a specific sphere of human life and is related to the professional activity of special subjects - prosecutors. Disciplinary responsibility of prosecutors as a type of legal responsibility consists in the infliction by the violator of prosecutorial discipline of adverse moral, material and organizational deprivations for him and is one of the means of ensuring compliance of the activity and behavior of prosecutors with professional standards. It cannot be claimed that today the practice of bringing prosecutors to disciplinary responsibility is clearly developed and unambiguous. Both the theory and the practice of holding prosecutors to account require serious consideration and the introduction of new approaches in order to increase their effectiveness. In general, the disciplinary responsibility of prosecutors is aimed at forming a responsible professional approach and stopping offenses in the legal sphere, in particular the corruption component.
Auditor's professional judgment and opinion
Authors: HOLOVACH Volodymyr , HOLOVACH Tetiana
Published: June 2024

The paper is devoted to such an actual problem in the field of audit activity as professional judgment and an auditor's opinion. A proper clarification of the logical content of these concepts significantly affects the effectiveness of the audit according to requirements of International Standards on Auditing (ISA). To date, in scientific publications the various approaches to the interpretation of the given concepts are expressed. A significant part of the authors is limited to general definitions and only some of them make attempts to substantiate their research with the laws and categories of logic.
At the same time, native authors in every possible way avoid a full-fledged logical definition of content of the concept "auditor's opinion". The main reason is that there is an unsuccessful translation from English terminology into Ukrainian. In some cases, the term "opinion" has been translated as "opinion", and in others it has been called "conclusion". Therefore, if the term "opinion" is preferred, it turns out that the audit begins with an auditor's opinion and ends with it. An auditor's opinion fully encompasses such forms of logical thinking as concepts, judgments and inferences.
The paper not only shows the misinterpretation of the concepts of "professional judgment" and "auditor's opinion" in a number of scientific studies. Also it is proposed the own vision of the cognition process in the auditing field based on the laws of general and dialectical logic.
A related scheme of an auditor's professional judgment is given. From this scheme it can be seen that the opinion of a professionally competent auditor from the very beginning of the audit is being transformed through rationale into the concepts and requirements of the ISA. Further, an auditor's rationale is being transformed into judgments and conclusions. Based on them, as a result of proving or proving and planning, the specific conclusions of an auditor are formed as a report.
The paper states that an auditor's professional judgment, like the professional judgment of other specialists, is subordinated to the general laws of logic. Its specificity lies in the fact that it is carried out with professional skepticism in conditions of uncertainty and risk and is subject to the requirements of legislation and ISA.
Unique certification program for the fundamentals of forensic expertise
Authors: BONDAR Valerii
Published: June 2024

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Specificity of the process of planning business structures in the field of hospitality in war conditions
Authors: KOVALYK Oksana , SKLIAROVA Karyna
Published: June 2024

Introduction. In modern conditions, planning the activities of business structures in the field of hospitality acquires special importance, as it ensures the efficiency of their functioning, adaptation to market conditions and satisfaction of customer needs. The planning process in this industry is distinguished by specific elements, such as taking into account seasonality, changes in consumer preferences, high standards of service and personnel management. In war conditions in Ukraine, this topic becomes even more relevant, because business structures and the planning of their stages must be ready for rapid changes and ensure continuity of activity in difficult circumstances.
The purpose of the paper is to determine the most optimal stages of planning the activity of business structures in the field of hospitality in war conditions.
Results. Taking into account internal, external and technological factors, in the conditions of war, the most optimal stages of planning the activity of business structures in the field of hospitality include: analysis of the current situation to assess risks and threats, strategic planning taking into account the flexibility and adaptability of the business model, resource assessment and budgeting with priority on critical areas, personnel management to ensure safety and support of employees, adaptation of logistics chains for uninterrupted supply, transparent communication and marketing to maintain connection with customers, regular monitoring and evaluation of results to adjust strategy, and recovery and development planning for rapid post-conflict recovery.
Conclusion. Specificity of the process of planning business structures in the field of hospitality in war conditions require a comprehensive approach that includes an assessment of internal, external and technological capabilities, covering a wide range of factors that affect the company's ability to successfully plan and implement its stages. Specificity of planning of the business structures` activities in the field of hospitality in war conditions include six key stages that should be implemented. Each of these stages is critical to ensuring business resilience and adaptability. Under martial law, special attention is paid to security, flexibility of strategies and effective management of resources. Thanks to a comprehensive and dynamic approach to planning, business structures can successfully adapt to rapidly changing conditions and ensure the continuity of their activities while maintaining competitiveness in the market.
Consulting on the financial market in the system of improving the financial results of the enterprise’s activity
Authors: KOSOVA Tetiana , KOVALENKO Oleksandra , KONDRATENKO Mariia
Published: June 2024

The relevance of the paper is determined by the fact that the socio-economic crisis in Ukraine is caused by the external aggression of the Russian Federation and is combined with global factors that reinforce negative trends. For Ukraine, as well as for rich other countries, it is important to take effective approaches to deal with crisis situations and ensure sustainable economic growth, including for implementing a wide range of approaches, such as financial stimulation, reforms in Galusia, regulatory policies, support for small and medium-sized enterprises. It is also important to consider the global context and work with international partners to ensure stability and growth. Implementation of effective strategies and measures can help Ukraine overcome the crisis, win the undeclared war and strengthen its economy in the future.
The paper shows that financial consulting is an integrated approach to optimizing the financial activities of a business, which includes a variety of information and resources to achieve maximum efficiency. It plays an important role in ensuring the success of government entities both in domestic and foreign markets. Financial consulting plays an important role in the current development of businesses and emerging financial problems.
Financial consulting contributes to increasing the efficiency of the company's internal activities, helps business entities to improve their interaction and financial relations with counterparties on the foreign market through the study and analysis of financial aspects of partnerships, the conclusion of agreements and contracts, as well as planning financial strategies in order to ensure stability and success in business.
Activation of the use of financial consulting services in Ukraine is a key factor for the progressive development of business entities and the strengthening of the country's market economy. Using the advantages of financial consulting will help enterprises to optimize their financial activities, improve strategic planning and decision-making, increase management efficiency, as well as increase competitiveness on the international market.
Economic and mathematical model of residential property prices in Dnipro city
Authors: PISTUNOV Ihor , KAPINUS Ivan
Published: June 2024

The paper develops an economic-mathematical model of housing prices in Dnipro city. Data for 2024 were collected, which included: Price per square meter (US dollar); Distance from the center (km); Total area (square meter); Number of rooms; Floor; Type of walls; Repair; Availability of autonomous heating; Height difference; View of windows; Guest bathroom; View of the ceiling; View of the hall floor; Guest area; Bedroom; Floor in the kitchen; Bathroom floor; Type of heating batteries; Ceiling height; m; Residential area (square meter); Kitchen area (square meter); Balcony/loggia; Air conditioners; Bathroom; Kitchen furniture; Bathroom furniture; Bedroom furniture; Furniture in the living room; Machinery; Availability of Wi-Fi; Bathroom area (square meter); Lighting devices in the kitchen; Lighting devices in the bathroom; Lighting devices in the bedroom; Lighting devices in the living room; Year of construction of the building.
24 classifiers were created to determine quantitative signs of qualitative characteristics of housing, in which class numbers start from 1.
Based on these data, k-means clustering was carried out, as a result, 6 different classes were formed.
An economic-mathematical model was created for each class, built on the basis of neural networks implemented in the Statistica software package. Each grid included three layers, and the hidden layer had at least 50-100 neurons. The quality of the model for each class ranged from 75% to 100%.
Classification by the method of neural networks was preceded by a check of the level of correspondence of the previously found class of the object. It was recognized that in 70% of the objects, the class coincided with the significant class by the k-means method.
The calculation of the price of a new apartment begins with the classification of its parameters with the determination of the number and the choice of the cluster to which it should be assigned. Next, the price is calculated according to the model of the corresponding cluster. Since for some clusters from 2 to 5 models are calculated, the average of the predicted price is found, and its standard serves as a possible border for trading between the buyer and the seller.
Checking the accuracy of the model on data that was not included in the construction of the model showed an average deviation within 7 %.
Organizational foundations of the reform of the system for counteraction economic crime in the conditions of martial law
Authors: IVANYTSKYI Serhii , LYTVYNCHUK Oleksandr , IVANYTSKA Viktoriia , SHALIAPIN Mykhailo
Published: June 2024

Introduction. One of the important obligations of Ukraine to international partners is the reform of the Bureau of economic security of Ukraine. On this path, quite a lot of draft laws have been registered in the parliament, which often have diametrically opposite orientation, which complicates the process of improving the legal regulation of the activity of the Bureau of economic security of Ukraine and determines the need to analyze these issues within the scope of the presented work.
The purpose of the paper is a scientific analysis of the organizational foundations of the reform of the system of combating economic crime in the conditions of martial law.
Results. The paper analyzes the organizational basics of the reform of the system of combating economic crime in the conditions of martial law. The author investigated the current problems of organizing the work of the Bureau of economic security of Ukraine, highlighted statistical indicators, and analyzed draft laws on the optimization of the legal regulation of its activities. The possibility of creating a Specialized economic prosecutor's office was analyzed, the positives and disadvantages of such a move by the legislator were revealed. Proposals for improving the legal basis for building an infrastructure of counteraction economic crimes have been formulated.
Conclusion. In the work, it was argued that the prescriptions of the draft law no. 10439 dated 29.01.2024 can be laid as a basis for improving the organizational principles of the Bureau of economic security of Ukraine operation, provided they are further detailed, taking into account the proposals expressed within the scope of the presented work and other studies, and the author also justified the inexpediency of creating of Specialized economic prosecutor's office.
Factors affecting the effectiveness of law-enforcement acts
Authors: BUTS Olena
Published: June 2024

The paper is devoted to the study of factors affecting the effectiveness of law-enforcement acts. The paper analyzes the existing approaches to understanding the factors affecting the effectiveness of law-enforcement acts; the peculiarities of legal and non-legal factors of increasing the effectiveness of law-enforcement acts were investigated; the author's vision of the classification of factors affecting the effectiveness of law-enforcement acts is proposed. To achieve the purpose of the paper, a set of philosophical and worldview, general scientific, special scientific methods and principles of scientific knowledge were used, which provided an objective analysis of factors affecting the effectiveness of law-enforcement acts. It was established that the effectiveness of law-enforcement acts is the result of the general influence of both objective and specifically reproduced factors in their unity, and objective factors can both increase and decrease the effectiveness of purposefully used means. It was concluded that a positive impact on the effectiveness of law-enforcement acts can occur only if both legal and non-legal means are used in their unity and interrelationship. Legal means of ensuring the effectiveness of law-enforcement acts represent a three-unit system, which consists of means of standardizing, guaranteeing and ensuring the legal and technical perfection of law-enforcement acts. Standardization reflects the practice of creating special institutions, mechanisms and procedures that contribute to increasing the effectiveness of law-enforcement acts. Guaranteeing reflects the creation and implementation of means that ensure the practical operation (functionality) of such institutions, mechanisms and procedures. Implementation of techniques, rules, methods and means of legal technique reflects the most justified from the point of view of practical expediency method and technology of law enforcement. Among the non-legal factors affecting the effectiveness of law enforcement acts, spiritual and organizational factors are of particular importance. Along with this, it is also possible to single out social, economic, political and other factors that can positively affect the effectiveness of law-enforcement acts.
Legal security of protection personal data in the field of health care
Authors: BRYHINETS Oleksandr
Published: June 2024

The paper reveals the role and problems of determining the specifics of legal protection of personal data in the field of health care, which is the most important foundation of development for current and future generations for the level of health and preservation of the gene pool of the people of Ukraine. According to the current legislation, every person has a natural, inalienable and inviolable right to health care. Society and the state are responsible to present and future generations for the level of health and preservation of the gene pool of the people of Ukraine, ensure the priority of health care in the activities of the state, improvement of working conditions, education, living and recreation of the population, solving environmental problems, improving medical care and introduction of a healthy lifestyle. in recent years, a number of systemic shifts and digital transformations have taken place in health care. Basic legislative acts were adopted, in which eHealth and digital tools are defined as essential for the development of the field. The Government of Ukraine has approved a five-year concept for the development of electronic health care, which defines the goal and main directions of the development of electronic health care, the current state of affairs, existing problems and ways to solve them, as well as expected results and issues of resource provision. In our state, conditions have been created for the protection of personal data in the field of health care, which is the most important foundation of development for current and future generations for the level of health and preservation of the gene pool of the people of Ukraine. At the same time, there are difficulties in the implementation of rights in the field of health care, not all aspects of electronic health care work at full capacity, and ensure the priority of health care in the activities of the state, improvement of working conditions, education, living and recreation of the population , solving environmental problems, improving medical care and introducing a healthy lifestyle.
REVIEW: POTENTIAL OF NANOEMULGEL FORMULATIONS FOR TOPICAL DRUG DELIVERY
Authors: Hasanah Santi , Sofia Pamudji Jessie
Published: June 2024

Nanoemulgel is a combination of two different formulation systems, known as nanoemulsion preparation with gel matrix. In recent years, there has been an increase in the use of topical nanoemulgel preparations because they are easy to apply and can avoid damage to various drugs in the body. Although topical nanoemulgel preparations have some limitations, they are capable of delivering lipophilic drugs topically. The purpose of this review is to summarize the potential of nanoemulgel formulations for topical drug delivery against various physiological challenges and limitations of the formula. Through the publication search, as many as 124 articles were obtained based on the screening results of 29 articles that met the inclusion criteria and were used as a review. The analysis of data for this article was conducted through a narrative review. This preparation may improve the permeability of the drug into the skin by penetrating the stratum corneum through intercellular and intracellular pathways, depending on the components used: oil phase, surfactants, co-surfactants, and gelling agents. Surfactants are responsible for damaging the structure of the skin layer by lowering the surface tension, and gelling agents are responsible for increasing the viscosity and adhesiveness of the skin. Nanoemulgel formulations for topical drug delivery can be used to treat several diseases, such as inflammation, arthritis, wounds, fungal infections, bacterial infections, and psoriasis. The nanoemulgel formulation may provide promising potential in delivering lipophilic drugs topically in the future
Keywords: Nanoemulgel, nanoemulsion, gel, topical drug delivery
REVIEW: THE POTENTIAL OF HERBAL PLANTS AS ANTI-ALOPECIA MEDICINES
Authors: Rubianto Arif , Jafar Garnadi , Dinata Deden Indra , Sodik Jajang Japar
Published: June 2024

Hair loss, or alopecia, is a common dermatological condition that affects up to 2% of the world's population. It is often caused by genetic factors, such as male or female pattern baldness, but can also be attributed to various environmental factors, an imbalanced diet, or chronic illnesses. While hair loss is not life-threatening, it can lead to significant anxiety, depression, and other psychological issues, ultimately affecting one's quality of life. Various treatments for baldness, including synthetic drugs like minoxidil and finasteride, or herbal remedies, have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration. Although synthetic drugs are effective, they may come with potential side effects. Natural remedies have been proposed as a viable option for treating baldness because many chronic disorders can lead to alopecia. Therefore, this review focuses on identifying efficient alternative treatment agents with limited side effects. Specifically, it considers medicinal plants as potential healing agents for treating baldness. To gather relevant information for this study, several databases were searched, including Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Comprehensive searches were conducted using various search terms, such as "baldness," "alopecia," "natural remedies for baldness," "herbal treatment for baldness," and others, to extract relevant scientific articles. Many medicinal plants and natural compounds have shown potential for reducing baldness, thanks to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. According to existing literature, extracts of medicinal plants and formulations derived from plants, such as Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk, Arctium lappa L., Centella asiatica L., Morinda citrifolia, Acorus calamus var. angustatus, Alpinia zerumbet, ...
Handwritten Signature Verification Method Using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Yassen A. AlKarem Wijdan , Thabet Khalid Eman , H. Ali Khawla
Published: June 2024

Automatic signature verification methods play a significant role in providing a secure and authenticated handwritten signature in many applications, to prevent forgery problems, specifically institutions of finance, and transections of legal papers, etc. There are two types of handwritten signature verification methods: online verification (dynamic) and offline verification (static) methods. Besides, signature verification approaches can be categorized into two styles: writer dependent (WD), and writer independent (WI) styles. Offline signature verification methods demands a high representation features for the signature image. However, lots of studies have been proposed for WI offline signature verification. Yet, there is necessity to improve the overall accuracy measurements. Therefore, a proved solution in this paper is depended on deep learning via convolutional neural network (CNN) for signature verification and optimize the overall accuracy measurements. The introduced model is trained on English signature dataset. For model evaluation, the deployed model is utilized to make predictions on new data of Arabic signature dataset to classify whether the signature is real or forged. The overall obtained accuracy is 95.36\% based on validation dataset.
Exploring the Picaresque: A Comparative Analysis of R.K. Narayan's 'The Guide' and Mulk Raj Anand's 'Coolie'
Authors: . Manju
Published: June 2024

This research paper delves into the seminal works of Indian literature, R.K. Narayan's "The Guide" (1958) and Mulk Raj Anand's "Coolie" (1936), to examine their portrayal of socio-cultural aspects of early 20th-century Indian society. Narayan's novel is explored for its focus on spiritual and religious themes, while Anand's work is analyzed for its depiction of poverty, exploitation, and social injustice experienced by the lower classes. Through the lens of social realism, the paper scrutinizes the significance of these novels in Indian writing in English, highlighting how Anand's "Coolie" serves as an early example of the picaresque novel in Indian literature.
Atmospheric Limitations for High-frequency Ground-based Very Long Baseline Interferometry
Authors: Pesce Dominic W. , Blackburn Lindy , Chaves Ryan , Doeleman Sheperd S. , Freeman Mark , Issaoun Sara , Johnson Michael D. , Lindahl Greg , Natarajan Iniyan , Paine Scott N. , Palumbo Daniel C. M. , Roelofs Freek , Tiede Paul
Published: June 2024

Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) provides the highest-resolution images in astronomy. The sharpest resolution is nominally achieved at the highest frequencies, but as the observing frequency increases, so too does the atmospheric contribution to the system noise, degrading the sensitivity of the array and hampering detection. In this paper, we explore the limits of high-frequency VLBI observations using ngehtsim, a new tool for generating realistic synthetic data. ngehtsim uses detailed historical atmospheric models to simulate observing conditions, and it employs heuristic visibility detection criteria that emulate single- and multifrequency VLBI calibration strategies. We demonstrate the fidelity of ngehtsim’s predictions using a comparison with existing 230 GHz data taken by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), and we simulate the expected performance of EHT observations at 345 GHz. Though the EHT achieves a nearly 100% detection rate at 230 GHz, our simulations indicate that it should expect substantially poorer performance at 345 GHz; in particular, observations of M87* at 345 GHz are predicted to achieve detection rates of ≲20% that may preclude imaging. Increasing the array sensitivity through wider bandwidths and/or longer integration times—as enabled through, e.g., the simultaneous multifrequency upgrades envisioned for the next-generation EHT—can improve the 345 GHz prospects and yield detection levels that are comparable to those at 230 GHz. M87* and Sgr A* observations carried out in the atmospheric window around 460 GHz could expect to regularly achieve multiple detections on long baselines, but analogous observations at 690 and 875 GHz consistently obtain almost no detections at all.
Rotational Evolution of Classical T Tauri Stars: Models and Observations
Authors: Serna Javier , Pinzón Giovanni , Hernández Jesús , Manzo-Martínez Ezequiel , Mauco Karina , Román-Zúñiga Carlos G. , Calvet Nuria , Briceño Cesar , López-Valdivia Ricardo , Kounkel Marina , Stringfellow Guy S. , Stassun Keivan G. , Pinsonneault Marc , Adame Lucia , Cao Lyra , Covey Kevin , Bayo Amelia , Roman-Lopes Alexandre , Nitschelm Christian , Lane Richard R.
Published: June 2024

We developed a grid of stellar rotation models for low-mass and solar-type classical T Tauri stars (CTTS; 0.3M
⊙ < M
* < 1.2M
⊙). These models incorporate the star–disk interaction and magnetospheric ejections to investigate the evolution of the stellar rotation rate as a function of the mass of the star M
*, the magnetic field (B
*), and stellar wind (

M

̇

wind

). We compiled and determined stellar parameters for 208 CTTS, such as projected rotational velocity

v
sin
(
i
)

, mass accretion rate

M

̇

acc

, stellar mass M
*, ages, and estimated rotational periods using Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) data. We also estimated a representative value of the mass-loss rate for our sample using the [O i] λ 6300 spectral line. Our results confirm that

v
sin
(
i
)

measurements in CTTS agree with the rotation rates provided by our spin models in the accretion-powered stellar winds picture. In addition, we used the approximate Bayesian computation technique to explore the connection between the model parameters and the observational properties of CTTS. We find that the evolution of

v
sin
(
i
)

with age might be regulated by variations in (1) the intensity of B
* and (2) the fraction of the accretion flow ejected in magnetic winds, removing angular momentum from these systems. The youngest stars in our sample (∼1 Myr) show a median branching ratio

M

̇

wind

/

M

̇

acc

∼
0.16

and median B
* ∼ 2000 G, in contrast to ∼0.01 and 1000 G, respectively, for stars with ages ≳3 Myr.
Investigation of [KSF2015] 1381-19L, a WC9-type Star in the High-extinction Galactic Region
Authors: Kar Subhajit , Das Ramkrishna , Baug Tapas
Published: June 2024

We report on a multiwavelength study of the Wolf–Rayet star [KSF2015] 1381-19L, which is located in the solar metallicity region (Z = 0.014) of the Milky Way, strongly obscured by interstellar dust. We perform a detailed characterization of the stellar atmosphere by fitting the spectral emission lines observed in the optical and near-infrared (NIR) bands, using CMFGEN. The best-fitted spectroscopic model indicates a highly luminous (105.89
L
⊙) star with a large radius (15 R
⊙) and effective temperature, wind terminal velocity, and chemical composition similar to those of Galactic WC9-dusty (WC9d)-type stars. The atmospheric ionization structure shows coexisting ionization states of different elements, simultaneously affecting the opacity and thermal electron balance. Fitting of the spectral energy data reveals high interstellar optical extinction (A

V
= 8.87), while the IR extinction is found to be comparatively lower (

A

K

s

=
0.98

). We do not detect any excess emission at NIR wavelengths due to dust. Upon comparison of our results with the GENEVA single-star evolutionary models (Z = 0.014), we identify the best possible progenitors (a rotating star of 67 M
⊙ and a nonrotating star of 90 M
⊙).
The Relation between the Cool-core Radius and the Host Galaxy Clusters: Thermodynamic Properties and Cluster Mass
Authors: Ng FanLam , Ueda Shutaro
Published: June 2024

We present a detailed study of cool-core systems in a sample of four galaxy clusters (RXCJ1504.1-0248, A3112, A4059, and A478) using archival X-ray data from the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Cool cores are frequently observed at the centers of galaxy clusters and are considered to be formed by radiative cooling of the intracluster medium (ICM). Cool cores are characterized by a significant drop in the ICM temperature toward the cluster center. We extract and analyze X-ray spectra of the ICM to measure the radial profiles of the ICM thermodynamic properties, including temperature, density, pressure, entropy, and radiative cooling time. We define the cool-core radius as the turnover radius in the ICM temperature profile and investigate the relation between the cool-core radius and the properties of the host galaxy clusters. In our sample, we observe that the radiative cooling time of the ICM at the cool-core radius exceeds 10 Gyr, with RXCJ1504.1-0248 exhibiting a radiative cooling time of

32

−
11

+
5

Gyr at its cool-core radius. These results indicate that not only radiative cooling but also additional mechanisms, such as gas sloshing, may play an important role in determining the size of cool cores. Additionally, we might find that the best-fit relation between the cool-core radius and the cluster mass (M
500) is consistent with a linear relation. Our findings may suggest that cool cores are linked to the evolution of their host galaxy clusters.
Properties of Galactic B[e] Supergiants. X. Refined Orbit and Fundamental Parameters of the HD 327083 Binary System
Authors: Nodyarov A. S. , Miroshnichenko A. S. , Khokhlov S. A. , Zharikov S. V. , Agishev A. T. , Gabitova I. A. , Vaidman N. L. , Manset N.
Published: June 2024

HD 327083 is a binary system that consists of two supergiant components and exhibits the B[e] phenomenon. In this paper, we report the determination of a new set of the system’s fundamental parameters using a combination of photometric and spectroscopic data as well as the Gaia EDR3 distance. We found that the orbital period of the system is 107.68 ± 0.02 days. The spectral line content implies the effective temperatures of ≈7000 K and 25,400 ± 1400 K, while the photometric variations are consistent with the radii of ≈106 R
⊙ and ≈10 R
⊙ for the cool and hot components, respectively. The absorption lines of the cool component show a radial velocity semiamplitude of 48.3 ± 1.7 km s−1, similar to that of the emission lines that originate around the hot component. The inclination of the system to the line of sight is

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−
20

+
17

°. Modeling of the system's evolutionary history suggests that the components have masses of ∼12.5 M
⊙ and currently undergo mass transfer between them. This configuration, which takes in heating of the surface of the cool component by the radiation from the hot one, can reproduce the photometric and spectroscopic data and is in agreement with previous infrared observations of the circumbinary disk. The results of this study further confirm the hypothesis that the reason for the presence of the B[e] phenomenon in most objects is a consequence of the evolution of various binary systems.
USmorph: An Updated Framework of Automatic Classification of Galaxy Morphologies and Its Application to Galaxies in the COSMOS Field
Authors: Song Jie , Fang GuanWen , Ba Shuo , Lin Zesen , Gu Yizhou , Zhou Chichun , Wang Tao , Hao Cai-Na , Liu Guilin , Zhang Hongxin , Yao Yao , Kong Xu
Published: June 2024

Morphological classification conveys abundant information on the formation, evolution, and environment of galaxies. In this work, we refine a two-step galaxy morphological classification framework (USmorph), which employs a combination of unsupervised machine-learning and supervised machine-learning techniques, along with a self-consistent and robust data-preprocessing step. The updated method is applied to galaxies with I
mag < 25 at 0.2 < z < 1.2 in the COSMOS field. Based on their Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Survey I-band images, we classify them into five distinct morphological types: spherical (SPH, 15,200), early-type disk (17,369), late-type disk (21,143), irregular disk (IRR, 28,965), and unclassified (UNC, 17,129). In addition, we have conducted both parametric and nonparametric morphological measurements. For galaxies with stellar masses exceeding 109
M
☉, a gradual increase in effective radius from SPHs to IRRs is observed, accompanied by a decrease in the Sérsic index. Nonparametric morphologies reveal distinct distributions of galaxies across the Gini−M
20 and C−A parameter spaces for different categories. Moreover, different categories exhibit significant dissimilarity in their G
2 and Ψ distributions. We find morphology to be strongly correlated with redshift and stellar mass. The consistency of these classification results with expected correlations among multiple parameters underscores the validity and reliability of our classification method, rendering it a valuable tool for future studies.
Association of polymorphisms in the TNFA, TNFRSF1A and TNFRSF1B genes with lepromatous leprosy in Western Mexican patients
Authors: Montoya-Buelna Margarita , Alvarado-Navarro Anabell , Muñoz-Valle Jose F , Lopez-Roa Rocio I , Guerrero-Velazquez Celia , Fafutis-Morris Mary
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Studies in different populations have shown that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) and TNF receptors 1 and 2 (TNFR1 and TNFR2) may be involved in the pathogenesis of lepromatous leprosy (LL). To further explore the results in a Mexican population, we compared the frequencies of the polymorphisms in - 308 G>A TNFA (rs1800629), - 383 A>C TNFRS1A (rs2234649), and + 196 T >G TNFSR1B (rs1061622) genes in LL patients (n = 133) and healthy subjects (n = 198).
Methodology: The genotyping was performed with the polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) technique. Statistical analysis was performed using the χ2 test, within the 95% confidence interval. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was verified for all control subjects and patients.
Results: We found an association between the TNFSR1 -383 A>C genotype and the risk of lepromatous leprosy when leprosy patients were compared to controls (OR = 1.71, CI: 1.08-2.69, p = 0.02). Furthermore, it was also associated with the risk of LL in a dominant model (AC + CC vs AA, OR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.05-2.057, p = 0.02). Similar genotype and allele frequencies for the SNPs TNFA - 308 G>A and TNFSR2 + 196 T>G were observed between leprosy patients and healthy subjects.
Conclusions: The TNFSR1 -383 A>C could be a potential marker for the identification of high-risk populations. However, additional studies, using larger samples of different ethnic populations, are required.