bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Familial clustering of Amelogenesis Imperfecta – a case study
Authors: Kornet Agnieszka , Kornet Michał , Domańska Roksana , Perkowski Konrad , Marczyńska-Stolarek Magdalena , Zadurska Małgorzata
Published: January 2019

Amelogenesis Imperfecta (henceforth: AI) is a term used to determine congenital qualitative and quantitative enamel defects, concerning both deciduous and permanent dentition. Classification of AI is based on the phenotype of lesions and is included in numerous types of classifications, among which the Witkop classification is the most popular. Apart from enamel abnormalities, patients afflicted with AI may also have other disorders, e.g. congenital deficiencies of tooth buds, pulp calcification, root and crown resorption, open bite. Aesthetic defects of dentition, pain reported when consuming acidic and hot foods, difficulties in obtaining satisfactory hygiene - all these significantly affect the quality of life of patients with AI. Care provided to these patients is highly specialised and starts as early as in early childhood. Aim. The aim of the study was to describe familial clustering, types, symptoms and treatment of Amelogenesis Imperfecta in members of two families treated at the Department of Orthodontics at the Medical University of Warsaw. Material and methods. The material comprised two unrelated families with clinically manifested symptoms of AI, treated at the Department of Orthodontics at the Medical University of Warsaw. A detailed interview, clinical examination and analysis of radiological documentation were conducted in each family. Results. All patients in the study were suffering from hypoplastic AI, their hygiene was satisfactory, four in five patients had an open bite. Reported symptoms did not differ from those most commonly described in the literature, and included discomfort while eating acidic and hot food, and excessive enamel abrasion. Conclusions. Treatment of patients with AI is multi-stage, multidisciplinary, and aims to restore proper functions of the dentition, as well as to obtain a correct occlusion, skeletal relationships, and to reduce hypersensitivity to thermal and chemical stimuli. Preventive measures are important, and should be introduced early, during the stage of the deciduous dentition, and be related to hygiene briefing and monitoring. (Kornet A, Kornet M, Domańska R, Perkowski K, Marczyńska-Stolarek M, Zadurska M. Familial clustering of Amelogenesis Imperfecta – a case study. Orthod Forum 2018; 14: 61-72)
Orthodontic treatment as part of complex care in a patient with Prader-Willi syndrome. Case report
Authors: Widmańska-Grzywaczewska Anna , Sobieska Ewa , Zadurska Małgorzata
Published: January 2019

Hopkins in 1861 was the first one to describe Prader-Willi syndrome, followed by Down in 1865. In 1956 Prader, Labhart and Willi described a hereditary form of obesity. This syndrome is a rare hereditary multi-systemic disorder. Aim. The aim of the paper was to present a case of a 13-year-old female patient with Prader-Willi syndrome treated at the Department of Orthodontics, Medical University of Warsaw. Case report. On admission a clinical examination was performed and medical history was taken. The following general symptoms were observed: facial dysmorphia, scoliosis, hypopigmentation, hypogonadism, hypersensitivity to light and sounds, and problems with thermoregulation. The patient was eligible for orthodontic treatment because she was diagnosed with a malocclusion. Conclusions. Patient’s multispeciality treatment plays a key role in treatment of Prader-Willi syndrome, and it should include: paediatric, endocrine, psychiatric treatment, muscle rehabilitation and orthodontic treatment, and with an early and appropriate diagnosis such management may bring extremely favourable outcomes. (Widmańska- Grzywaczewska A, Sobieska E, Zadurska M. Orthodontic treatment as part of complex care in a patient with Prader-Willi syndrome. Case report. Orthod Forum 2018; 14: 73-80)
Indications for extraction of permanent maxillary canines – a literature review
Authors: Baszak Jakub , Sobieszańska Anna , Dunin-Wilczyńska Izabella
Published: January 2019

Orthodontic movement of a maxillary canine into the dental arch may be a therapeutic challenge, and it is necessary to analyse a case in detail and to evaluate therapeutic methods, including a difficult decision of tooth extraction in all cases. Aim. The paper aims to discuss orthodontic indications for maxillary canine extraction based on available literature. Material and methods. The PubMed database and the following key words were used for studies: canine impaction, maxillary impacted canine and canine extraction. Literature was supplemented with publications from reviewed journals not included in the PubMed database. 50 papers were selected from the literature list. Results, review and discussion. A decision to extract a maxillary canine should be made based on a detailed clinical examination and analysis of orthodontic records, including photographs, diagnostic models and radiological scans. CBCT imaging test should be performed as standard before treatment in case of impaired tooth eruption. Factors that should be especially considered include: tooth anatomy, periodontal status, position in the bone, occlusion, condition of the adjacent teeth and any pathological processes in the tooth vicinity. Before making a therapeutic decision a patient should be informed about available therapeutic options according to current medical knowledge, as well as about advantages and disadvantages of each of them. Summary. Factors favouring extraction of impacted canines or canines with impaired eruption include: unfavourable position (a horizontal position of a tooth in the bone, position in the zone IV and V according to Kurol, large distance from the edge of the alveolar process), anatomical abnormality (root angulation, external or internal resorption), root ankylosis, patient’s age above 30 years and good occlusion without a canine in the dental arch with the need to extract a premolar for its movement into the dental arch. (Baszak J, Sobieszczańska A, Dunin-Wilczyńska I. Indications for extraction of permanent maxillary canines – a literature review. Orthod Forum 2018; 14: 130-42).
The impact of 60-minute swimming training on the quality of body posture and the level of balance of young adults
Authors: Aksamit Dżesika , Sidor Tomasz , Gądek Adrian , Jankowicz-Szymańska Agnieszka
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Postural abnormalities are common in every age group. They often involve discomfort or pain. Unfortunately, specialist posture correcting body postures are almost exclusively for pre-school and school children. There is a widespread belief in the beneficial effects of swimming on the body posture. Some even think that swimming can replace corrective exercises. The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes in the quality of body posture and body balance under the influence of 60-minute intensive swimming training in people aged 20-22 years, whose level of swimming skills was determined as average.
Material and methods: The study was conducted on a group of 9 people, students of the State Higher Vocational School in Tarnów. Ultrasonic device Zebris Pointer was used for three-dimensional assessment of body posture. The position of the shoulder and iliac girdle, the shape of the spine, the inclination of the sacrum bone and the inclination of the body in the sagittal and frontal plane were analyzed. The test was repeated before and after the one-hour lecture and before and after one-hour, intensive classes at the swimming pool. The results were developed in the Statistika v10 program. Descriptive statistics, non-parametric Friedman test and Kruskal posthoc test were used. The significance level α = 0.05 was assumed.
Results: There was a statistically significant increase in pelvic rotation under the influence of swimming training. There was also a slight deterioration of the spine position in the frontal plane. Exercises improving swimming in the classic style did not affect the depth of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis. After 60 minutes spent in a relaxed sitting position, deepening thoracic kyphosis was observed. However, this change was not statistically significant.
Conclusions: It is not recommended to treat swimming as a substitute for corrective gymnastics. Intensive swimming training can exacerbate existing body posture errors in people who are just improving their swimming technique.
A note from the Editor-in-Chief
Authors: Tanaś Maciej
Published: January 2019

A note from the Editor-in-Chief
Diaspora digital literature: role reversal and the construction of self in selected Ikheloa’s autobiographies
Authors: Onuoha Onyekachi Peter
Published: January 2019

The digital space serves, for the diaspora Nigerians, as a creative platform for identity and cultural preservation: a way through which they maintain connection with their homeland. This notion is evidently articulated in their creative writings on the digital space through where they imaginatively explore diverse social realities and personal experiences. This paper sets out to examine diaspora digital literature: role reversal and the construction self in selected Ikheloa’s Autobiographies. It interrogates memories of the home concept and the lamentation of the self as a social construct. The mechanism adopted by Ikheloa in trying to manage the other (new personality) while struggling to reconcile the memory of gender roles in Nigeria. Memory is an anchor and a strategy for survival for most diaspora writers. Memory of home is emphasized in the narrator’s autobiographies and a desire of home as representation of freedom and authority. But the price for a better life for his children seems to hold him captive and as such, he practices ‘fatherhood’. However, this practice is with an endless wish of returning home as a means of preserving his mind while carrying out his new gender roles in America. Psychoanalytic is adopted as premise for the analyses of the texts.
Daily and school physical activity of 16 year-old girls and boys
Authors: Groffik Dorota , Frömel Karel , Witek-Chabińska Marta , Szyja Rafał , Žatka Radim , Urbański Bartosz
Published: January 2019

The aim of the work was to determine the relationship between school and all-day physical activity of 16-year-old girls and boys based on weekly monitoring using pedometers. The research also took into account the level of all-day physical activity of less and more active pupils before school classes. 169 people were examined, including 93 girls and 76 boys from secondary schools of the Silesian region. The subjects wore a pedometer for 5 school days, recording the number of steps performed in individual segments of the day (time before classes at school, during classes at school and time after completing classes at school) in specially prepared tables.
The research results indicated that girls are more active in terms of the number of steps taken on school days from boys. Girls and boys meet the recommendation of the school number of steps in the dimension of 3 000. However, the difference in physical activity was observed, considering the division of respondents into less and more active in time before school classes. Students who are less active in terms of the number of steps taken before the start of classes at school do not meet the recommended school recommendation of physical activity.
It is necessary to look for reserves of physical activity throughout the day. In addition to physical education lessons, the school should promote activity during breaks, mid-term exercises or encourage active locomotion before and after school classes. Encouraging an increased number of walks, active transport to/from school, cycling, roller skating among children and adolescents is an important element in the preparation for lifelong activity and a healthy lifestyle.
The usefulness and feasibility of the physical education school programme in the opinions of teachers from selected schools in the province Silesia and Opole
Authors: Pośpiech Dariusz , Blacha Justyna
Published: January 2019

Introduction: One of the objectives of the core curriculum reform was to diversify school physical education and to adapt it to the interests of students. Nowadays, there is an alarming decline in physical activity among young people, both in school and non-school classes, and the school offers to choose a favorite sport discipline lose with out-of-school offers. Searching for effective solutions was a necessity.
Methods: The research was conducted in 2013 among 74 junior high and high school teachers. The method of a diagnostic survey using a questionnaire was used. The arithmetic mean of the results was calculated. A chi-square goodness of fit test (x^2) was performed to determine the significance of differences.
Results: In most cases, the assessments of men and women were very similar. The data show that the highest ratings of suitability and feasibility were obtained by the thematic blocks: "Sports of all life and leisure" and "Sport". For many years, sports games have been the most desirable content of physical education lessons by students and, as shown by the results of the conducted research, also physical education teachers.
Conclusions: The obtained results indicates that physical education teachers positively assess the content of the core curriculum implemented in 2009. The surveyed teachers assessed the usefulness of the core curriculum content much better than its feasibility.
Microstructure and mechanical properties
of the Sanicro 25 steel after ageing
Authors: Merda A. , Sroka M. , Klimaszewska K. , Golański G.
Published: January 2019

Purpose: The purpose of the research was to determine and analyse the changes in
the microstructure and mechanical properties of the Sanicro 25 steel in the as-received
condition and after ageing at 600, 650 and 700°C for up to 10,000 hours.
Design/methodology/approach: The scope of the investigations included: microstructural
investigation – SEM microscopy, analysis of precipitation performed using TEM microscopy,
investigation of mechanical properties, Vickers hardness measurement.
Findings: In the as-received condition, the Sanicro 25 steel was characterised by austenitic
microstructure with annealing twins and numerous primary precipitates. The analysis of
Sanicro 25 steel microstructure after ageing at 600 and 700°C for up to 10,000 hours
revealed significant changes in the microstructure consisting mainly in a tendency to create
unfavourable morphology of secondary precipitates – M23C6 carbides that form continuous
carbide systems along the grain boundaries. The observations have shown that during
long-term ageing the secondary carbides were also precipitated inside the grains and at the
interface of three grain boundaries – σ phase.
Research limitations/implications: The analysis of the microstructure of the examined
steel using SEM and TEM was performed to determine the influence of ageing on the
processes of changes in the precipitate morphology.
Practical implications: The results obtained based on the performed research constitute
a building block for the degradation characteristics of the microstructure and mechanical
properties of the 23/25-type austenitic steels.
Originality/value: The results of the investigation and analysis of the metallographic and
mechanical properties of the Sanicro25 austenitic steel in as-received condition and after
ageing are presented.
Electrospinning of PAN and composite
PAN-GO nanofibres
Authors: Matysiak W. , Tański T. , Smok W.
Published: January 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to present the influence of used reinforcement phase
– graphene oxide (GO) and the electrospinning process parameters (the distance between
the nozzle and collector) on the morphology and the structure of the obtained composite
PAN-GO nanofibres.
Design/methodology/approach: To produce pure polymer nanofibers, a 10% (wt.)
electrospinning solution the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) was dissolved in N, N-dimethylformamide
(DMF). The spinning solution used for electrospinning PAN-GO composite fibres was made
by dissolving the PAN in a mixture of GO and DMF. By changing the configuration of the
distance between the nozzle and collector (10 and 20 cm) and maintaining the remaining
parameters (solution flow rate and potential difference between the electrodes), four samples
in the form of nanofibrous mats were made. In order to identify the structure and morphology
of the reinforcing phase, X-ray microanalysis (EDX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
were performed. In addition, the structure of graphene oxide microparticles was investigated
by a Raman spectrometer. In order to determine the influence of the distance between
the nozzle and the collector used in the electrospinning process and the addition of the
reinforcing phase to the morphology and structure of the obtained PAN polymer nanofibres
and PAN-GO composite nanofibres, they were examined using SEM. The analysis of the
chemical composition of PAN and PAN-GO fibres was carried out using X-ray microanalysis.
Findings: The morphology and structure analysis indicated that polymer nanofibres PAN
for both the distances between the nozzle and the collector show no structural defects and
presented same diameter over the entire length of the fibre. Nanofibres with the addition of
GO obtained at both distances between the electrodes, showed defects in the form of beads.
In addition, it was observed that with increasing distance between the nozzle and collector the
diameter of obtained nanofibres is smaller for both pure PAN and composite PAN-GO samples.
Research limitations/implications: The paper is the basis for further research in the
field of the use of PAN-GO composite nanofibres as water purification materials.
Originality/value: The electrospinning method can be an alternative to conventional
methods for the production of filtering membranes due to the ease of carrying out the
process and the fact that a material with a high specific surface area is obtained.
Physical modelling of changes in the
energy impact on a worker taking into
account high-temperature radiation
Authors: Ragimov S. , Sobyna V. , Vambol S. , Vambol V. , Feshchenko A. , Zakora A. , Strejekurov E. , Shalomov V.
Published: January 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this investigation is development of an experimental installation
and definition the intensity of thermal irradiation at workplaces to ensure safety under
condition of increased thermal radiation. This purpose is justified as follows. Human health
and well-being depend to a large extent on conditions of the internal environment of the
premises, which affect the heat exchange of workers with the surrounding surfaces. With
this the spectral composition and intensity of irradiation are also important for assessing the
effect of thermal radiation.
Design/methodology/approach: The investigation was carried out using special
experimental device. Uniformly lit semitransparent screen was used as a source of thermal
radiation source. We used photo film with heat flow sensor ДТП 02 – ДТП 03 developed by
Institute of Engineering Thermophysics under Academy of Science of Ukraine as model of
the elementary surface of human body.
Findings: Based on results of conducted research and optimization, we propose protective
compositors that are nonflammable. This fact allows the increase in safety of facilities during
operation and evacuation routes in emergency case due to high-temperature effects.
Research limitations/implications: In this study, was focused on the dependence
of the local angular coefficient of irradiation and maximum thermal loads, as well as the
transition from indirect measurements to direct ones. This allows us to predict working
conditions by the thermal factor in the workplace.
Practical implications: The results of this study can be recommended to the Ministry
of Health and the Ministry of Industry for the development to reduce the incidence of
occupational morbidity among workers who work under conditions of exposure of thermal
radiation.
Originality/value: It was disclosed that it is possible to determine the distance to the
source of thermal radiation from the point of measurement and the angle at which the source
of thermal radiation is visible with high accuracy. Moreover, measurement point may be
located at a distance safe for the researcher.
Application of FMEA method for an
analysis of selected production process
Authors: Kania A. , Cesarz-Andraczke K. , Odrobiński J.
Published: January 2019

Purpose: The article presents an application of FMEA method in a process of chimney
system production. The analysis allowed to decrease a potential defects and their effects in
the analysed process.
Design/methodology/approach: The technical analysis of the process of chimney
system production indicated many defects in the product. Based on the FMEA results (value
of RPN – Risk Priority Number) corrective and preventive actions were proposed. These
actions decrease RPN level by half.
Findings: In this paper characteristics of the chimney system and technical analysis of
its production process were presented. Failure mode and effects analysis for selected
operations of the production process was performed.
Practical implications: In the analysed process are possible the nonconformities above
the appointed RPN level, because they are dependent on applied technology and machinery.
Increase of a quantity of control points and training employees caused a reduction of
manufacturing costs, improvement of the product quality and creation of the possibility of
effective quality control.
Originality/value: FMEA analysis is an effective tool for identification, determination of
a risk level, planning and implementation of corrective and preventive actions to decrease
a quantity of defects in the final product. Periodic application of this method enables the
continuous improvement of the processes and products in enterprises.
The corrosion resistance of laser surface
alloyed stainless steels
Authors: Brytan Z.
Published: January 2019

Purpose: of this paper was to examine the corrosion resistance of laser surface alloyed
(LSA) stainless steels using electrochemical methods in 1M NaCl solution and 1M H2SO4
solution. The LSA conditions and alloying powder placement strategies on the material's
corrosion resistance were evaluated.
Design/methodology/approach: In the present work the sintered stainless steels of
different microstructures (austenitic, ferritic and duplex) where laser surface alloyed (LSA)
with elemental alloying powders (Cr, FeCr, Ni, FeNi) and hard powders (SiC, Si3N4) to obtain
a complex steel microstructure of improved properties.
Findings: The corrosion resistance of LSA stainless steels is related to process parameters,
powder placing strategy, that determines dilution rate of alloying powders and resulting steel
microstructure. The duplex stainless steel microstructure formed on the surface layer of
austenitic stainless steel during LSA with Cr and FeCr reveal high corrosion resistance in 1M
NaCl solution. The beneficial effect on corrosion resistance was also revealed for LSA with
Si3N4 for studied steels in both NaCl and H2SO4 solutions. Ferritic stainless steel alloyed
with Ni, FeNi result in a complex microstructure, composed of austenite, ferrite, martensite
depending on the powder dilution rate, also can improve the corrosion resistance of the
LSA layer.
Research limitations/implications: The LSA process can be applied for single phase
stainless steels as an easy method to improve surface properties, elimination of porosity and
densification and corrosion resistance enhancement regarding as sintered material.
Practical implications: The LSA of single phase austenitic stainless steel in order to
form a duplex microstructure on the surface layers result in reasonably improved corrosion
performance.
Originality/value: The original LSA process of stainless steels (austenitic, ferritic and
duplex) was studied regarding corrosion resistance of the alloyed layer in chloride and
sulphate solutions.
Crowdsourcing e Software Crowdsourcing: Desenvolvendo Produtos Com o Apoio da Multidão
Authors: S. Machado Letícia , R. M. Melo Ricardo , R. B. de Souza Cleidson , Marczak Sabrina , Prikladnicki Rafael
Published: January 2019

Este documento descreve a proposta de um minicurso sobre crowdsourcing, um novo modelo de trabalho, bem como desenvolvimento de software usando a multidão, também chamado de software crowdsourcing.
User-centered gamification: how to design, develop and evaluate it
Authors: Carolina Tome´ Klock Ana , Gasparini Isabela , Soares Pimenta Marcelo
Published: January 2019

Gamification is the use of game elements in contexts which the main purpose is not playful and it has been widely applied in order to motivate and engage users [5][11]. However, since each user has different characteristics, the user experience during the interaction with these game elements becomes singular and it does not always have the expected outcome. Many studies point out the influence of users profile on the effectiveness of gamification in relation to the purpose of its application [1][2][4][3][6][7][9], but surprisingly little has been explored about the processes of design, development and evaluation of the user-centered gamification to promote a better user experience and, consequently, a greater motivation and engagement [8]. Thus, this course aims to cover personal, functional, psychological, temporal, playful, implementable and evaluative properties of gamification in order to enable the participants to design, develop and evaluate a user-centered gamification, while allowing the improvement of the gamification results. For this, the methodology to be employed by this course involves two parts: theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part, the exposition of concepts related to gamification will be carried out, followed by examples, in an interactive way with the participants. In the second part, participants will be invited to bring examples of scenarios that they would like to work on and the concepts presented will be put into practice so that the public can participate and share their experiences while designing the usercentered gamification.
Investigando o uso de tecnologias de software por pessoas com Transtorno do Espectro Autista
Authors: D. Ferreira Verilene , A. Sousa Tamires , S. Mendes Marília , Beatriz Marques Anna
Published: January 2019

O desenvolvimento de tecnologias de software direcionadas ao auxílio no tratamento do Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) intensificou-se nos últimos anos, possibilitando o surgimento de novas formas de tratamento. Embora novas tecnologias sejam desenvolvidas, ainda são poucos os estudos que investigam o impacto do uso dessas tecnologias no cotidiano dos usuários autistas. Este artigo apresenta resultados preliminares de uma pesquisa com uso de questionário online em grupos de redes sociais direcionados ao TEA com o intuito de investigar o uso de tecnologias de software por pessoas com TEA. Espera-se delinear perfis de usuários autistas, possibilitando o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias de softwares adequadas a esse público.
Avaliando a Usabilidade e a Experiência de Uso de Aplicativos de Acompanhamento do Ciclo Menstrual
Authors: Nogueira Brenno , Queiroz Edney , Nobre Jêsca , Araújo Maryanna , Monteiro Ingrid
Published: January 2019

Pessoas atentas aos cuidados com a saúde aproveitam a vasta gama de dispositivos, aplicativos e sistemas disponível no mercado. As mulheres, em particular, desde muito tempo, são estimuladas a acompanhar seu ciclo menstrual, seja por meio de anotações ou memorização das datas ou observação dos sintomas corporais. Para ajudar nesta tarefa, existem vários aplicativos com esta finalidade. Neste relatório apresentamos uma avaliação da usabilidade e da experiência de uso de dois deles, Clue e Meu Calendário, por meio de questionários, diários de usuário e testes de usabilidade. Apresentamos uma comparação entre eles, além de discutir sobre os problemas encontrados e as sugestões de melhoria dadas pelos participantes do estudo.
Investigando Heurísticas de Usabilidade no Contexto Móvel de um App de Saúde
Authors: P. da Silva Junior Deógenes , Moreira Oliveira Carolina , F. Oliveira Galvão Ludmilla , Da Silva Rodrigues Jonata , Andrey Puska Alisson
Published: January 2019

Este trabalho buscou investigar os problemas relacionados à usabilidade em uma aplicação móvel de acesso à serviços do Sistema Único de Saúde brasileiro. Para isso, utilizou-se um conjunto de heurísticas composto a partir das técnicas de inspeção de usabilidade: Heurísticas de Nielsen, Oito Regras de Ouro (Golden Rules) de Shneiderman, e as Heurísticas de Usabilidade de Smartphones (SMArtphones uSability Heuristics). Cerca de 46 problemas de usabilidade foram encontrados, nos quais 16 incidências foram referentes à "Compatibilidade do sistema com o mundo real", 13 incidências referentes à "Visibilidade do status do sistema", e 10 incidências referentes à Consistência e padrões. Estes problemas podem ser barreiras na interação do cidadão com o acesso aos serviços de saúde, dada a natureza complexa da interação no contexto móvel.
Bladder Cancer in the Genomic Era
Authors: Guo Charles C. , Czerniak Bogdan
Published: January 2019

Context.—

Bladder cancer is a heterogeneous disease that exhibits a wide spectrum of clinical and pathologic features. The classification of bladder cancer has been traditionally based on morphologic assessment with the aid of immunohistochemistry. However, recent genomic studies have revealed that distinct alterations of DNA and RNA in bladder cancer may underlie its diverse clinicopathologic features, leading to a novel molecular classification of this common human cancer.

Objective.—

To update recent developments in genomic characterization of bladder cancer, which may shed insights on the molecular mechanisms underlying the origin of bladder cancer, dual-track oncogenic pathways, intrinsic molecular subtyping, and development of histologic variants.

Data Sources.—

Peer-reviewed literature retrieved from PubMed search and authors' own research.

Conclusions.—

Bladder cancer is likely to arise from different uroprogenitor cells through papillary/luminal and nonpapillary/basal tracks. The intrinsic molecular subtypes of bladder cancer referred to as luminal and basal exhibit distinct expression signatures, clinicopathologic features, and sensitivities to standard chemotherapy. Genomic characterization of bladder cancer provides new insights to understanding the biological nature of this complex disease, which may lead to more effective treatment.
Análisis de la función cognitiva de la variación denominativa en la Lexicografía brasileña: patrones conceptuales de variación y distancia semántica entre las variantes1
Authors: da Costa Lucimara Alves , Fernández Silva Sabela
Published: January 2019

En este artículo exploramos la función cognitiva de la variación terminológica y, específicamente, su papel en la construcción y transmisión del conocimiento especializado en los textos. Para ello, analizamos la variación denominativa explícita – identificada mediante marcadores discursivos de equivalencia – en un corpus de 300 textos sobre lexicografía escritos en portugués de Brasil. Llevamos a cabo un análisis semántico-cognitivo en dos etapas: primero, analizamos los patrones de especificación conceptual de las variantes (Kageura 2002), lo cual nos permitió describir los distintos puntos de vista sobre los conceptos proporcionados a través de la variación. En segundo lugar, analizamos la distancia semántica entre el término de referencia y las variantes denominativas (Fernández-Silva 2016), lo cual nos permitió cuantificar el grado de informatividad de la variación denominativa. Los resultados mostraron, por un lado, que la variación denominativa refleja el carácter multidimensional de la estructuración conceptual, donde conviven diferentes perspectivas de categorización de un mismo concepto; y por otro, que las variantes denominativas aportan información adicional sobre los conceptos en un 85% de los casos analizados, concretamente información sobre las características internas del concepto y sobre su relación con otros conceptos del ámbito. Este estudio apoya la tesis de que la variación denominativa desempeña una función cognitiva, puesto que permite poner de relieve diferentes aspectos del contenido conceptual y, de este modo, construir una representación enriquecida del conocimiento en los textos.
La traduction vers une langue étrangère : compétences, attitudes, contexte social
Authors: Duběda Tomáš
Published: January 2019

Nous explorons le problème de la traduction non native qui, malgré les risques qu’elle comporte, est fréquemment pratiquée dans de nombreuses cultures. Le contexte sociologique dans lequel ce type de traduction s’inscrit est appréhendé à travers le concept de « permissivité interculturelle », qui affecte les destinataires, les commanditaires, les agences aussi bien que les traducteurs. Pour évaluer et structurer les compétences des traducteurs tchèques relatives à la traduction non native, nous avons constitué un échantillon de 160 traductions (40 traducteurs ; deux groupes socioprofessionnels : étudiants avancés et professionnels de la traduction ; deux langues étrangères : anglais et français ; deux directions ; deux types de texte : publicitaire et juridique). L’analyse des compétences confirme l’hypothèse de la primauté de la traduction native, tout en indiquant que les textes spécialisés sont davantage compatibles avec la traduction non native que les textes à forte composante expressive. Selon les données recueillies, la qualité des traductions non natives n’augmente pas avec l’ancienneté du traducteur, à la différence des traductions natives. L’impact de l’expérience antérieure avec le type de texte en question reste difficile à évaluer.
Las competencias del gestor de proyectos de traducción: análisis de un corpus de anuncios de trabajo
Authors: Plaza-Lara Cristina
Published: January 2019

En las últimas décadas, el mercado de la traducción ha experimentado notables cambios impulsados por el proceso de globalización. En este escenario entran en juego diferentes agentes, lo que ha obligado a establecer la gestión por proyectos como modo de organización del trabajo. A pesar de contar con tradición en otros sectores, las investigaciones en nuestra disciplina apenas han prestado atención a la gestión de proyectos, ya que la naturaleza única y temporal de estos y las características del sector dificultan extraer conclusiones. Todo ello se acentúa al profundizar en las competencias del gestor de proyectos o PM. Por este motivo, en el presente trabajo, se exponen los resultados de un análisis de un corpus de anuncios de trabajo dirigidos a gestores de proyectos de traducción, para comprender cómo describen los empleadores las competencias de los PM. El corpus está compuesto por un total de 100 anuncios que, analizados mediante la técnica de análisis de contenidos, se compararán con las competencias descritas en la bibliografía de gestión de proyectos y de traducción. A partir de los datos extraídos, se pretende acotar las competencias de un gestor de proyectos en este ámbito.
Fermenters of the World Unite
Authors: Fishel Stefanie
Published: January 2019

This article explores the power of food and fermentation as a situated and material
way for women and feminist communities to come together for change and sustenance.
Fermentation processes, when understood as a microbial process, can aid in imagining a
feminist political project of transformation that begins in the kitchen, and it can be a
powerful metaphor for rethinking politics and equality.
Normativité, signification et acte locutionnaire
Authors: Groulier Charles
Published: January 2019

La question de savoir si la signification est normative et comment préciser l’idée de normativité sémantique fait l’objet de nombreux débats actuels. Nous proposons de partir de l’hypothèse qu’un langage est un système de règles, et qu’apprendre un langage c’est apprendre à obéir à des règles qui régissent l’usage de ses expressions. Nous distinguons d’abord entre différentes notions de signification et de normativité. Puis nous examinons de façon critique deux objections à l’idée d’une normativité sémantique : la première réduit la normativité sémantique au « doit » instrumental, l’autre à la normativité épistémique. Nous proposons ensuite une conception alternative de la normativité sémantique fondée sur le concept (propre à la théorie des actes de langage) d’acte locutionnaire.
The SkinBase Project: Providing 3D Virtual Access to Indigenous Skin Clothing Collections from the Circumpolar Area
Authors: Schmidt Anne Lisbeth
Published: January 2019

In 2014, the National Museum of Denmark (NMD), in conjunction with the Greenland National Museum and Archives (Nunatta Katersugaasivia Allagaateqarfialu [NKA]), as well as the Museum of Cultural History, Oslo, launched the website Skin Clothing Online. The site presents the NMD’s total collection of 2,170 historic skin clothing items, dating from circa 1830 to 1950, from the circumpolar area. The clothing can be studied in minute detail due to high-resolution photos; 100 complete suits were photographed from all sides. Furthermore, 107 items of clothing were measured by means of 3D technology, which can be used to draw precise two-dimensional patterns. The documentation is made accessible to the public through a website, in compliance with creative commons licenses: CC-BY-SA for the photos and CC-BY-SA-NC for the patterns. The website uses content from the database SkinBase. Since 2017 parts of the NKA’s collection of archeological skin clothing from Qilakitsoq (circa 1475 AD), as well as historical garments and contemporary fashions, have also been made accessible, in keeping with the same copyright rules for photos. The NKA staff entered the items into the database without difficulty using a Virtual Private Connection (VPN). The Danish and Greenlandic national museums encourage international partners to contribute items to the website. The aim is to create a collaborative open forum for information and research with easy access for everybody to unique, fragile pieces of circumpolar cultural heritage. With clothing from Arctic peoples and clothing used on expeditions to Antarctica, the Polar Museum in Cambridge will be the next museum to contribute to the website.
Reproductive pattern and population dynamics of commercial red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) from China: implications for sustainable aquaculture management
Authors: Jin Shiyu , Jacquin Lisa , Xiong Mantang , Li Ruojing , Lek Sovan , Li Wei , Zhang Tanglin
Published: January 2019

Background

The red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852), is one of the most promising freshwater species for aquaculture in China. Understanding its reproductive pattern and population dynamics is crucial for sustainable management, but there is currently a lack of fundamental knowledge of commercial P. clarkii populations. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the reproductive pattern and population dynamics of commercial P. clarkii throughout the yearly cycle.

Methods

A total of 2,051 crayfish (1,012 females and 1,039 males) were collected from March 2016 to February 2017 in the area of Selection and Reproduction Center of Crayfish. The reproductive pattern was evaluated by the gonadosomatic index (GSI), hepatosomatic index (HSI), ovarian development and fecundity. Growth, mortality rates and exploitation rate were estimated by electronic length frequency analysis by R package “TropFishR” based on data of cephalothorax length (CTL).

Results

Our results demonstrated that spawning activities of P. clarkii took place from September to November, with a mean fecundity of 429 ± 9 eggs per female. There were two recruitments yearly, a major one from October to November and a minor one from March to May. With respect to population growth, five growth cohorts were identified for both females and males. Crayfish grew faster but attained smaller asymptotic maximum CTL as indicated by higher growth coefficient (K), growth parameter index (Ø′) and lower asymptotic CTL (Linf). The estimates of total mortality rate (Z), natural mortality rate (M) and fishing mortality rate (F) were 1.93, 1.02, 0.91 year−1 for females and 2.32, 0.93, 1.39 year−1 for males, which showed that the mortality of male crayfish was mainly caused by fishing. The estimates of exploitation rate (E) indicated that male crayfish were overexploited, with the values of 0.47 and 0.60 year−1 for females and males, respectively.

Discussion

P. clarkii spawned from September to November while two recruitments were observed yearly. We inferred that some eggs, prevented from hatching by low water temperature in winter, were more likely to hatch in the next spring. Moreover, the fishing mortality rate was relatively high for males, which might be related to the males-directed selection during the reproductive period. The higher values of exploitation rate in our study confirmed that males P. clarkii were overexploited and were under high fishing pressure. We thus suggest reducing fishing intensity on immature crayfish and avoid sex selection during the reproductive period to improve the overall sustainability of commercial P. clarkii populations.
PEGylated MoS2 Nanosheets: A Dual Functional Photocatalyst for Photodegradation of Organic Dyes and Photoreduction of Chromium from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Ntakadzeni Madima , Anku William Wilson , Kumar Neeraj , Govender Penny Poomani , Reddy Leelakrishna
Published: January 2019

This article reports the synthesis of PEGylated microspheres of MoS2 nanosheets through the hydrothermal method and its application in rhodamine B and methylene blue dyes photodegradation, and photoreduction of chromium(VI) to chromium(III) in water under illumination with visible light. The catalyst was characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), Thermo-gravimetric Analysis (TGA), and UV-Vis spectroscopies. XRD result reveals the MoS2 nanosheets to be present in the hexagonal phase of MoS2. SEM, TEM, and HRTEM images show that the synthesised sample has spherical shapes made up of several thin sheets of MoS2. The catalyst showed visible light responsivity with a calculated band gap of 1.92 eV. The MoS2 nanosheets exhibited high degradation efficiency against both dyes. The RhB and MB dyes experienced degradation efficiencies of 97.30 % (RhB) and 98.05 % (MB) in 75 min 90 min, respectively.  The MoS2 photocatalyst is also observed to be effective in photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) and displayed 91.05% reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) in 75 min. The results reveal that the synthesised MoS2 nanosheet is a good photocatalytic material for degradation of dyes and reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) in water.
Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of DUT-52 and Investigation of Its Photoluminescent Properties
Authors: Kesuma Ruth Febriana , Patah Aep , Permana Yessi
Published: January 2019

A zirconium metal-organic framework (MOF) of DUT-52 (DUT: Dresden University of Technology) was synthesized herein by reacting zirconium tetrachloride (ZrCl4) and 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid (H2NDC) in DMF under microwave heating at 115 oC for 25 min. This synthetic procedure was more efficient than a solvothermal method, by which a long thermal exposure (24 h) of 100-150 oC was required to produce the same MOF. The MOF has a thermal stability of 560 °C, prior to partial loss of interconnected 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate (NDC) linkers at some structure building units (SBU). Crystallinity of this DUT-52 was ca. 77 %, which was the same as one synthesized solvothermally.  Diffuse Reflectance UV-Vis spectra revealed an absorption at λex of 287 nm, which was equivalent to a bandgap energy of 4.32 eV.  Electron excitations of this DUT-52 at 275 and 300 nm gave emission wavelength of 433 nm (a purple region),  indicating a prospective use of DUT-52 as a photoluminescent material.
Preparation of Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Material from Monosodium Glutamate and Its Catalytic Performance
Authors: Zhou Ying Mei , Wang Xiao Hui , Cai Ke Ying , Wu Ji Ming , Wang Peng , Song Ming
Published: January 2019

N-doped carbon materials (NCMs) are generally used as electrode materials, and seldom used as catalysts in chemical reaction. In this work, NCMs were prepared by high-temperature pyrolysis using monosodium glutamate as sources of both carbon and nitrogen, magnesium acetate as a porogen, and nickel hydroxide as a graphitization catalyst. The catalytic performance of NCMs was investigated in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) with potassium borohydride at 30 ºC. As metal-free catalysts, all of the NCMs can catalyze the reaction. The graphitization degree and N-doped amount of NCM have a great influence on the catalytic activity. The NCM annealed at 800 ºC has higher activity and stability. The reaction rate constant can reach 0.57 min-1, and the activation energy was about 36.4 kJ/mol.
Design of a Synthetic Zinc Oxide Catalyst over Nano-Alumina for Sulfur Removal by Air in a Batch Reactor
Authors: Nawaf Amer T. , Jarullah Aysar Talib , Abdulateef Layth T.
Published: January 2019

Owing to the environmental regulations with respect to sulfur content and continuing challenges of finding a suitable catalyst of such impurity, a driving force for the development of more efficient technologies a deep research on new oxidative catalysts is considered an important issue in fuel quality improvement. Thus, the present study shows a novel percent of nano-catalyst with 18% zinc oxide (ZnO) of active component over nano-alumina that has not been reported in the public domain for sulfur removal from kerosene fuel by air (oxidative desulfurization (ODS) method). Where, such percent of the active component on the nano-alumina helps to add one or two atoms of oxygen to sulfur content in the kerosene. The nano-catalyst (ZnO/nano-alumina-particles composite) is prepared by precipitation of zinc oxide and loaded over nano-alumina in one-step. The activity of the prepared catalyst was tested utilizing ODS process of kerosene fuel by air in a batch reactor. A set of experiments were conducted with a wide range of operating conditions, where the reaction temperature was ranged from 150 to 190ºC, the reaction time from 30 to 50 min and the catalyst weight from 0.4 to 1 g. The experimental results showed that the chemical nature of zinc oxides showed higher conversion (70.52%) at reaction temperature of 190 ºC, reaction time of 50 min, and 1 g catalyst weight used in the batch reactor. A kinetic model related to the sulfur removal from kerosene via ODS process in the batch reactor was also investigated in this study for the purpose of estimating the best kinetic parameters of the relevant reactions. The results showed that the prepared catalyst (ZnO over nano-alumina) can be applied confidently to reactor design, operation and control in addition to improve the fuel quality. Following the kinetic model of ODS process, a very well agreement between the experimental and predicted results is obtained. Copyright © 2019 BCREC Group. All rights reserved
Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis over Unpromoted Co/ɣ-Al2O3 Catalyst: Effect of Activation with CO Compared to H2 on Catalyst Performance
Authors: Khangale Phathutshedzo Rodney , Meijboom Reinout , Jalama Kalala
Published: January 2019

The effect of activating Co/Al2O3 catalyst by diluted CO or H2 on catalyst performance for Fischer-Tropsch reaction was investigated. The catalyst was prepared by incipient wetness impregnation of the support and characterized using BET N2 physisorption, SEM, and XRD analyses. The reduction behavior of the catalyst in presence of CO and H2 individually was evaluated using TPR analyses. The data reveal that CO activates Co/Al2O3 catalyst at a lower temperature than H2 and produces a catalyst with higher rate for liquid product formation. It also leads to higher methane selectivity probably due to some cobalt carbide formation.