bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Motivation’s Component for The Self Esteem Aspect on Nursing Student In Faculty of Nursing Jember University
Authors: Deviantony Fitrio , Kurniawati Dini , Wuri Wuryaningsih Emi
Published: July 2021

The success of academic achievement has a lot of determinants. Social environment background, personal characteristic, and quality of education are only a few of those factors (Zimmerman and Schunk, 1989). Own characteristics have a lot of impact on academic success, such as self-esteem, motivation, and also the will for an individual to reach their success. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of motivation’s component with self-esteem aspect among nursing student in the faculty of nursing Jember University.This study employed a cross-sectional study. It involved 84 respondent using purposive sampling technique from a nursing student in the faculty of the nursing University of Jember from September to November 2018. A self-administered questionnaire was designed to collect the data, including sociodemographic data, self-esteem scale, and Student motivation Scale. The data were analyzed using Spearman rank. The results showed that the median of the motivation was 50, with a minimum value of 28 and a maximum value of 140, whereas the mean value of self-esteem was 2.46 with a standard deviation of 0.56. There was a significant correlation between motivation and self-esteem (p-value: 0.001; r: 0.358). The correlation was weak and positive, which means the higher the value of motivation, the higher the self-esteem. The correlation analysis revealed that motivation has a significant effect on self-esteem. Its is show that raising motivation must be high on the list for an educational program.
Correlation Between Authoritarian Parenting and Self-Confidence in School-Age Children in Indonesia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Hadi Kurniyawan Enggal , Bella Mulyaningsasi Rizky , Wuri Wuryaningsih Emi , Sulistyorini Lantin
Published: July 2021

In school-age children, self-confidence is needed to complete the task of psychosocial development, namely industry or the stage of achievement. Which if not implemented correctly, the child will become inferior. Authoritarian parents who often curb and punish can affect a child's self-confidence. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between authoritarian parenting style and self-confidence of school-age children. This study used observational analysis with a cross-sectional approach. The subjects of this study were 96 primary school students who were take using a stratified random sampling technique. Data collection used an authoritarian parenting questionnaire and a self-confidence questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. Analysis results showed that there were 54.2% of respondents who got an authoritarian parenting style, and 45.8% of respondents have low self-confidence. The chi-square test showed a correlation between authoritarian parenting style and self-confidence of school-age children (p-value = 0,001) with OR of 5,211. School-age children who get authoritarian parenting have the risk of experiencing low self-confidence 5,211 times higher. Nurses can provide health education and counseling about good parenting to the parents and teachers.
TİMURLU VE AK-KOYUNLU, KARA-KOYUNLU TÜRKMENLERİNDE KENGEŞ MECLİSİ
Authors: PAYDAŞ Kazım
Published: July 2021

Eski Türk devletlerinde mevcut olan Kengeş meclisi Timurlu, Kara-Koyunlular ve Ak-Koyunlu devlet yapısında da bulunmaktaydı. Kengeş, danışma ya da müzâkere etme anlamlarına gelir. Timurlular, Kara-Koyunlular ve Ak-Koyunlular’da hükümdar, hükümdarın kardeşleri, oğulları, hanımları, aşiret reisleri ve askerî komutanlar, devlet ile ilgili meseleleri ele almak için Kengeş meclisleri düzenlerlerdi. Kengeş meclisi savaş esnasında da toplanmaktaydı. Hükümdarın bazı durumlarda meclisin kararının dışında kendi fikrini uyguladığı da olmaktaydı.

Kengeş meclisi çoğunlukla devletin önemli meselelerini görüşmek için toplanıyordu. Kengeş meclis hükümdar başkanlığında toplandığı zaman, hükümdar meclisin kararı üzerinde büyük etkiye sahip oluyordu. Savaş kararı, genellikle Kengeş Meclisi’nde verilmekteydi. Ancak meclisin çoğunluk kararına rağmen son sözü hükümdar söylerdi. Ayrıca, Kengeş meclisine bazen ve gerektiğinde hatunların da başkanlık etmeleri eski Türk devletlerinde kadına verilen önem açısından önemlidir.
İLHANLI DEVLETİ'NİN HİCÂZ BÖLGESİ İLE İLİŞKİLERİ
Authors: DAYI Özkan
Published: July 2021

Mengü Kaan’ın Ön Asya’daki Moğol varlığını güçlü bir şekilde tesis etmek amacı ile bu coğrafyaya tayin ettiği kardeşi Hülegü’nün Horasan, İran ve Azerbaycan bölgelerini tamamen ele geçirmesinden sonra Abbâsî hilafetinin hâkim olduğu Irak’a askerî anlamda yönelmesi akabinde İlhanlı-Hicâz bölgesi ilişkilerinin dolaylı olarak başladığı görülmektedir. Hülegü’nün Ön Asya’ya gelişi ile kurulan İlhanlı Devleti, Irak bölgesinden geçen hac yollarına hâkim olması ve Mekke emirliği için Hicâz bölgesinde ortaya çıkan çatışmalara taraf olması ile Hicâz bölgesi üzerinde özellikle XIV. yüzyılın başlangıcında önemli bir siyasî faktör olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. İlhanlı coğrafyasından hac yolculuğuna çıkan Müslümanların organizasyonu ve emniyeti için İlhanlı yönetimi tarafından Hac Emîrliği müessesesi de meydana getirilmişti. Bu da bizlere İlhanlıların, Hicâz bölgesinde su sıkıntısı çeken hacıların sorunlarını gidermeye çalışmasıyla ve aynı zamanda İlhanlıların Irak hac kafilesi ile gönderdikleri hediyeler ile Hicâz bölgesi ile yakından ilgili olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada da İlhanlı Devleti’nin Hicâz bölgesi ile olan ilişkilerini, yukarıda kısaca bahsettiğimiz konular çerçevesinde daha geniş bir şekilde ele almayı hedeflemekteyiz.

İlhan Hülegü zamanından itibaren başlayan İlhanlıların Hicaz bölgesi ile ilişkileri, özellikle Gâzân Han ve Olcâytû Hanlar zamanında siyasî açıdan zirve dönemini yaşamıştır. Horasan, İran, Irak, Azerbaycan ve Anadolu gibi geniş coğrafyalarda yaşayan Müslüman halkın ihtiyaçları, Müslüman İlhanlı devlet adamlarının ve İlhanlı hükümdarlarının tutumu açısından Gâzân Mahmûd Han dönemine kadar Müslüman ahalinin lehinde ve aleyhinde değişkenlik gösteren bir durumda idi. Bu dönemde İlhanlı ülkesinin çoğunluğunu teşkil eden Müslüman halkın İlhanlıların kontrolüne geçen Hac yolunun yine bu devlet adamları tarafından açılmasını beklemekten başka seçenekleri yoktu. Bu bağlamda İlhanlı Devleti’nin kuruluşundan yıkılışına kadar İlhanlıların Hac organizasyonuna bakış açılarını ve Hicaz bölgesi ile olan siyasî ilişkilerini dönemin kaynaklarını merkeze alarak açıklamaya gayret edeceğiz.
“Don’t Kill My Buzz, Man!” – Explaining the Criminalization of Psychedelic Drugs
Authors: Sproul Conrad
Published: July 2021

In the 1950s, psychedelic drugs were the subject of extensive psychiatric research in the United States. By 1960, they had been found to be non-addictive, to have remarkable safety profiles, and to potentially be able to treat a range of psychological conditions. However, in 1968, the possession of psychedelics was criminalized by the US federal government. Consequently, medical research has been stifled, and today the possession and distribution of psychedelics are punished more severely than for more dangerous recreational drugs such as methamphetamine. Most scholars argue that psychedelics were criminalized due to a “moral panic” in the late 1960s. However, this theory overlooks several important aspects of the political process that led to psychedelic criminalization. This essay takes an alternative stance. First, early 20th century temperance advocates instilled an anti-drug moral framework into the American cultural consciousness. Then, in the early 1960s, safety concerns and professional biases led most mainstream psychiatrists to reject the therapeutic use of psychedelics. These factors interacted to cause both a moral panic and severe criminalization, but the moral panic did not itself cause criminalization.
Burning Woman: Sexualized Robots and the Vilification of Women in Metropolis and its Precursors
Authors: Grove Cassian
Published: July 2021

The vilification and subsequent destruction of feminine robots is a surprisingly common trope in film and literature. This essay draws connections between three very different works—Fritz Lang’s Metropolis, Villier’s Tomorrow’s Eve, and E.T.A. Hoffman’s The Sandman—and posits a shared narrative reason for the deaths of the three artificial women: male projection. Comparing and contrasting the three death scenes with each other as well as other texts on feminine literature and projection demonstrates how little substance there is to these “out of control” women/technologies beyond the faults of the men who create them. Furthermore, this essay brings up a prudent question: could these artificial women have become something more if it were not for the displaced guilt and projected egos of the men around them?
A comparative Study of Chinese and Indian Stock Markets
Authors: Jaiteley Rudra
Published: July 2021

Both China and India are developing countries with large population and low revenue. This article mainly makes a comparative analysis of the macro environment of Chinese and Indian stock markets and their perspective features. The aim is to investigate the relationships between Indian stock markets and Chinese stock markets. Using Indian and Chinese stock price daily data over the period 1991 to 2019, we found price and spillovers effect from Indian stock market to Chinese stock market and vice versa.
An Example of a Study with Instructed Music Listening Activities with Information and Concert Event Content
Authors: Sakin Ajda Şenol , Gül Gülnihal
Published: July 2021

It is thought that music education in general education, especially for individuals of all ages and levels, is important in the musical development of the individual. Besides, it is seen that the “listening-singing” learning area in general music education teaching programs has an important weight in the program. In this context, it is considered necessary that music listening activities carried out for this learning area should be among the main activities that support other musical activities in classroom music education, which form the basis for the students to benefit from music education. For this reason, it is thought that the active participation of the students in music listening activities will contribute to effective and efficient music education. With this study, it is aimed to determine the contribution of instructed music listening activities to music culture learning outcomes in secondary school music education. For this purpose, an instructed music listening activity was held for students in a secondary school. The effect of the activity performed on the level of success was measured with knowledge tests. According to the results it is found that most of the students achieved an above-moderate success from the recorder family knowledge test.
Heat-Treated Wood Reinforced High Density Polyethylene Composites
Authors: Karakuş Kadir , Aydemir Deniz , Gunduz Gokhan , Mengeloğlu Fatih
Published: July 2021

This study investigated the effect of untreated and heat-treated ash and black pine wood flour concentrations on the selected properties of high density polyethylene (HDPE) composites. HDPE and wood flour were used as thermoplastic matrix and filler, respectively. The blends of HDPE and wood fl our were compounded using single screw extruder and test samples were prepared through injection molding. Mechanical properties like tensile strength (TS), tensile modulus (TM), elongation at break (EatB), fl exural strength (FS), fl exural modulus (FM) and impact strength (IS) of manufactured composites were determined. Wood fl our concentrations have significantly increased density, FS, TM and FM and hardness of composites while reducing TS, EatB and IS. Heat-treated ash and black pine fl our reinforced HDPE composites had higher mechanical properties than untreated ones. Composites showed two main decomposition peaks; one coming from ash wood flour (353-370 °C) and black pine wood fl our (373-376 °C), the second one from HDPE degradation (469-490 °C). SEM images showed improved dispersion of heat-treated ash and black pine wood flour. The obtained results showed that both the untreated and heat-treated ash/black pine wood flour have an important potential in the manufacture of HDPE composites.
Potencijal i uloga biomase u hrvatskoj i europskoj energetskoj tranziciji
Authors: Biljuš Helena , Basarac Sertić Martina
Published: July 2021

Republika Hrvatska kao punopravna članica Europske unije trenutačno sudjeluje u energetskoj tranziciji, odnosno u procesu dekarbonizacije gospodarstva transformacijom energetskog sektora u kojemu obnovljivi izvori energije zamjenjuju fosilna goriva. U tom procesu biomasa kao najsloženiji oblik obnovljive energije ima važnu ulogu s obzirom na brojne pozitivne okolišne i ekonomsko-socijalne aspekte uporabe. Sukladno ciljevima EU-a, Hrvatska je ostvarila potrebnih 20 % udjela proizvodnje iz obnovljivih izvora, no udio proizvodnje energije iz biomase još nije zadovoljavajući. Najiskorištavaniji izvor biomase jest kruta biomasa, posebice peleti, proizvođači kojih su izvozno orijentirani. Unatoč tome, Hrvatska još uvijek ovisi o uvozu biomase, kao i sve članice EU-a. Stoga je za unapređenje proizvodnje i potrošnje energije od biomase potrebna sinergija i zajedničko djelovanje svih sudionika energetskog sektora, a donositelji odluka odgovarajućim mjerama trebaju stvoriti preduvjete za razvoj tržišta biomase. U ovom se radu na temelju analize tržišta biomase te njezine uloge u nacionalnim i europskim energetskim politikama analizira trenutačni položaj i značenje biomase u energetskoj tranziciji Hrvatske. Na temelju provedenog istraživanja može se zaključiti da je jasno vidljiv pomak prema niskougljičnoj energetici, u čemu upravo biomasa ima važnu ulogu, iako je stopa upotrebe biomase u Hrvatskoj još uvijek ispod ambicioznog scenarija koji predviđa EU.
Are defined contribution (DC) pension funds a stabilising factor in equity markets? Evidence from Chile, Italy, Mexico and Poland
Authors: Han Taejin , Kyoung Gook Park , Stańko Dariusz
Published: July 2021

We analyse the investment behaviour of the defined contribution (DC) pension fund sector in equity markets during and after the 2008–2009 financial crisis until the years 2014–2016 and here for Chile, Mexico, Poland, and Italy. We employ quarterly data on equity purchases and sales and on cash flow at the level of the whole pension sector.
Applied are the following methods: analysis of average quarterly transactions; scatter plot analysis of the relation between average quarterly net purchases and quarterly changes in asset value, a correlation analysis of average quarterly transactions in the equity market and its index values, regression analysis of average quarterly transactions in the equity market and its index values.
The results indicate that in Poland and Italy, pension funds behaved counter-cyclically, whereas in Chile there are some signs, although less statistically significant, of pro-cyclical behaviour. In the case of Mexico no conclusions could be drawn. The investment behaviour of pension funds might be influenced not only by their strategic decisions but also by other factors that are related to the institutional framework they operate within (e.g. a strategic asset allocation benchmark may induce pro-cyclicality).
Book Review: Text, Lies and Cataloging: Ethical Treatment of Deceptive Works in the Library
Authors: Parsons Amy
Published: July 2021

The first thing that gave this reviewer pause was the title of this book. The 1989 movie Sex, Lies and Videotape and 1981 book The Joy of Cataloging: Essays, Letters, Reviews, and Other Explosions by Sanford Berman have similarly provocative titles.1 The two books, however, are worlds apart in their content. How on earth can cataloging be sexy? The complex theme of deception is found in both the 1989 movie and Brubaker’s 2018 book, thus the similar titles.
Efeito do treinamento resistido por oito semanas sobre parâmetros antropométricos e a composição corporal e em indivíduos obesos
Authors: Pacheco Lílian Fernanda , Silva Júnior Ademar Lopes da , Miranda Rodrigo Martins , Hamu Tânia Cristina Dias da Silva
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito do treinamento resistido (TR) em indivíduos obesos e verificar se oito semanas são suficientes para promover alterações positivas nas variáveis antropométricas e na composição corporal desses indivíduos. Métodos: Foram analisados percentual de gordura, massa magra, massa gorda, massa corporal (MC) e índice de massa corporal (IMC).  Para a realização dessa pesquisa foram selecionados 8 indivíduos classificados como obesos (IMC ≥30) com idade entre 20 a 40 anos e que atendiam aos critérios de inclusão previamente estabelecidos. A coleta dos dados da pesquisa foi iniciada após a aprovação pelo comitê de ética de pesquisa em seres humanos da Universidade Federal de Goiás (parecer nº 1.466.244). Foi realizada uma avaliação física antes e após o início do treinamento, verificando as dobras cutâneas e a perimetria. O TR foi realizado por 2 meses com aulas 3 vezes por semana, com a duração em média de 45 min. Para análise dos dados foi empregado o teste de t de students para amostras pareadas, com nível de significância de 0,05. Resultados: Foi constatada perda significativa do peso corporal que passou de 99,68±2,57 Kg para 93,28±1,56 Kg (p0,0001) e também do IMC que passou de 35,24±1,09 para 33,39 ± 1,03 (p 0,0002). Em relação às medidas antropométricas, verificou-se redução todas as medidas estudadas. Quanto à composição corporal apenas a massa magra não apresentou diferença estatística (p=0,3744). Conclusão: A partir dos dados apresentados, pode se concluir que o TR se mostrou eficaz para o emagrecimento já que reduziu as variáveis analisadas. Assim, acredita-se que esse tipo de treinamento seja uma excelente ferramenta não medicamentosa no combate à obesidade.
Inciting a child to attend sex acts: Imposed and seamless incrimination
Authors: Milović Marko
Published: July 2021

This crime, introduced in our KZ as an obligation a resulting from the provisions of the Council of Europe Convention on the Protection of Children from Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse, has almost no practical significance in judicial practice. This confirms the past 12 years, since it has existed in the Criminal Code, and although by all parameters, given the "nonexistence" of this crime in judicial practice, its decriminalization should be performed, obligations undertailing from the aforementioned Convention do not allow us to do so. But even if we abstrate this fact, we still believe that there are objections that we have pointed to in the work, which the lawmaker has not addressed, and they are in paragraph 1 of this law offence of an essential nature, while in paragraph 2 of this Article, terminological nature. Therefore, in paragraph 1, it is a complaint that allegations of witnessing sexual acts of a criminal character such as rape on the one hand of other punishable sexual acts (adultery with a child, adultery against a powerless person, adultery by abuse of office and illicit sexual activity) on the other hand and especially as a third voluntary sexual relationship. These tentatively stated three types of sex acts cannot be treated in any way together nor can they have the same range of threatened punishment (no matter how much of that range of punishment is). In some future amendments to the KZ, this "anomaly" should be corrected by iciting the child to attend sexual acts such as rape should be incrimination as a more severe form and therefore foresee greater punishment than the existing one. The reason is more than clear and logical, because the presence of a child in the act of rape inevitably creates dangerous and long-lasting consequences for his mental (mental) health. Regarding paragraph 2 of this Constitution, terminologically difficult to subjugation under the notion of forcing a child to attend sex acts. In this sense, corrections should be made that could be in the title of the crime itself, and that correction could be - bringing and forcing the child to attend sex acts.
Retrospective economic judgments predict individual-level changes in vote preference in the US
Authors: Bai Hui , Federico Christopher M.
Published: July 2021

While many studies have investigated what predicts citizens’ vote preferences, less is known about what predicts change in citizens’ vote preferences over time. This paper focuses on the role of judgments about national economy in the recent past (i.e., “sociotropic economic retrospections”). Two longitudinal studies show that sociotropic economic retrospections (along with partisanship, ideology, and whether incumbent is running for re-election) at a given time point predict within-person changes in vote choice over time. Furthermore, cross-lagged panel analyses found that sociotropic economic retrospections and political preferences may have reciprocal effects on each other. Together, these results illustrate the temporal dimension of economic voting by suggesting that sociotropic economic retrospections not only predict votes at single points in time, but also individual-level shifts in vote preference over time. As such, the association between sociotropic economic retrospections and vote preference is more dynamic than past literature suggests.
Padrão neoliberal de acumulação, ideologia e mercantilização da educação superior
Authors: Macário Epitácio
Published: July 2021

O artigo trata das relações existentes entre padrão de acumulação de capital, ideologia e mercantilização da educação superior. Parte do conceito de ideologia, utilizando-se do projeto de universidade elaborado pelo Sindicato Nacional dos Docentes de Instituições de Ensino Superior – Andes-SN, e discute a mercantilização como impulso inerente à reprodução ampliada do capital, para, depois, apresentar o quadro de mercantilização e privatização em que se encontra a educação superior num momento de crise do padrão neoliberal de acumulação de capital. Ao final, apresenta desafios com os quais o projeto do Andes-SN se depara e aponta para a necessária unificação das diversas lutas realizadas pelas comunidades acadêmicas – pautas corporativas e identitárias – com as demais forças sociais que personificam o trabalho. O projeto defendido pelo Andes-SN só pode avançar se assumido na práxis das forças do trabalho, pois essa luta dirige-se a um horizonte que pressupõe transformações estruturais da sociedade brasileira.
Ensino remoto na Universidade Federal do Pará: condições de estudo no campus universitário do Marajó-Breves
Authors: Guimarães André Rodrigues , Matos Cleide Carvalho de , Cabral Maria da Conceição Rosa
Published: July 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as condições de estudo no âmbito do Ensino Remoto Emergencial no Campus Universitário Marajó-Breves, da Universidade Federal do Pará. Trata-se de pesquisa com abordagem quali-quantitativa que envolveu análise documental e aplicação de questionário on-line. Evidencia-se como a adoção do ensino remoto, no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19, impulsionada por ações do governo federal, atende aos interesses hegemônicos do capital, com consequências negativas para a educação pública. No caso da Universidade Federal do Pará, particularmente no Campus Universitário Marajó-Breves, o processo de implementação do ensino remoto não foi acompanhado da garantia das condições necessárias para a participação de toda comunidade estudantil. Grande parcela dos estudantes não possuía sequer equipamentos e acesso à internet adequados, utilizando-se predominantemente de aparelho celular e conexão de dados móveis para participar das atividades letivas remotas. Em suma, o ensino remoto, para além de favorecer interesses privado-mercantis, implica na precarização da educação pública e na ampliação da exclusão educacional.
“Estado-patrão”: rumo ao desaparecimento do emprego público?
Authors: Venco Selma
Published: July 2021

O presente artigo focaliza as relações de trabalho praticadas pelas secretarias estaduais de educação junto aos docentes da educação básica em três níveis: macro, que abarca os contratos temporários firmados em cada estado e Distrito Federal; meso, o mesmo fenômeno é verificado no estado de São Paulo, um dos precursores no Brasil da lógica gerencialista orientada pela racionalidade econômica e pela política de resultados; e, micro, na Região Metropolitana de Campinas, com vistas a identificar a existência de algum padrão da precariedade praticado entre professores, segundo características socioeconômicas municipais, em especial a renda per capita, índices de vulnerabilidade social e de desenvolvimento humano. A pesquisa, de caráter documental, com base nos microdados do Censo Escolar e das estatísticas oriundas da Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo, permite afirmar que há um movimento crescente em todo o país, com raras exceções, pelo fim dos concursos públicos para professores da educação básica, ainda que essa seja a forma prevalente de contratação no país.
Os desafios da construção da Pedagogia Socialista em tempos de ofensiva do capital e crise sanitária
Authors: Bahniuk Caroline
Published: July 2021

Neste texto, problematizamos a construção da Pedagogia Socialista frente à ofensiva do capital, acentuada com a pandemia do Coronavírus, analisando as possibilidades e os limites da educação na perspectiva da classe trabalhadora. Para tanto, discorremos sobre a educação no contexto da luta de classes, em especial na particularidade brasileira dos últimos anos. Em seguida, descrevemos as ações no campo educacional desenvolvidas pelo Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) no contexto da pandemia. Além disso, recuperamos as categorias da pedagogia socialista soviética: Trabalho, Atualidade e Auto-organização, presentes nas formulações teóricas de Pistrak (2009) e Shulgin (2013), ampliando-as e as encharcando da realidade atual, na intenção de compreender a educação na estratégia socialista.
CUSTOMER NEEDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF BUSINESS MODELS FOCUSED ON SERVITIZATION (INDUSTRY 4.0)
Authors: RUIZ DE LA TORRE ACHA AITOR , SANCHEZ BOTE DAVID
Published: July 2021

Digitalization and the large amounts of information currently handled in the industry are increasing the complexity of servitization, specifically since the outset of Industry 4.0. In this sense, the objective of this study is to identify the needs and key factors of the clients of the study of origin of a leading company in the machine tool sector in the field of Industry 4.0, by conducting semi-structured surveys of different management profiles in leading companies in the automotive sector. The results obtained show eight new concepts grouped together with their respective key value factors that can serve to develop business models adapted to Industry 4.0 in the machine tool sector. A deeper analysis has made it possible to define the measurement of parameters/work systems and the service portfolio as the most outstanding concepts of this research, due to the improvement that contributes to reducing machine downtime and increasing productivity. Finally, it can be concluded that the scientific development of both concepts is an active field in the academic community, however, new concepts are included that open up new fields of research.

Key Words: Servitization, Digitalization, Industry 4.0, Customer Needs, Machine tool
SURVEYING CRITICAL AND SOCIAL JUSTICE-EMPHATIC ACADEMIC SOCIAL WORK IN CANADA
Authors: Wilson Tina E.
Published: July 2021

In this paper I raise two questions for greater collective disciplinary attention: What are the conditions of existence and the conditions of possibility of critical and justice-emphatic academic social work in the Canadian university system these days? And moreover, how might we—the “we” who read critical social theory and share a discipline—attempt to be accountable to these shifting conditions? I engage these questions with the help of critical literatures as well as an exploratory survey in which educators teaching in schools of social work in Canada were asked to identify texts and bodies of knowledge that they consider pivotal to understanding social work and social justice. Discussing educators’ responses, I identify a few nodes of thinking that would benefit from greater disciplinary attention, and I suggest one way we might focus on these shared problematics.
LE CHOIX D’UN MILIEU D’ACCUEIL POUR UN ENFANT SUIVI EN PROTECTION DE L’ENFANCE : COMMENT LES INTERVENANTS ORIENTENT-ILS LEUR DÉCISION?
Authors: Chateauneuf Doris , Pagé Geneviève , Poirier Marie-Andrée
Published: July 2021

Au moment de statuer sur le placement d’un enfant, les services de protection de l’enfance doivent également se prononcer sur le milieu d’accueil le plus adéquat pour celui-ci. Pour les enfants de moins de cinq ans, les milieux de type familial, tels que la famille d’accueil régulière, de proximité, et à vocation adoptive, sont généralement privilégiés. À ce jour, le processus de pairage et les mécanismes décisionnels qui accompagnent le choix d’un milieu substitut ont fait l’objet de très peu d’études, de sorte que les motifs et facteurs pris en compte par les intervenants impliqués dans ce type de décision demeurent peu connus. La présente étude a pour objectif d’identifier, à partir du point de vue des intervenants, les différents facteurs qui soutiennent le choix du type de famille d’accueil. Pour répondre à cet objectif, 39 entretiens semi-dirigés ont été menés auprès d’intervenants sociaux du domaine de la protection de l’enfance dans trois régions distinctes de la province de Québec. Les résultats dressent un portrait des principaux facteurs considérés par les intervenants et montrent comment ces facteurs, au-delà de leur unicité et de leur rôle spécifique dans le processus décisionnel, s’inscrivent également dans une dynamique interactionnelle et dans un contexte de pratique qui comporte ses propres enjeux.
Una herramienta para el empoderamiento rural. Intervención en políticas públicas desde la perspectiva de “La ciudad educadora”.
Authors: Benlloch Cristina
Published: July 2021

La herramienta que se presenta es la «Ciudad Educadora», una forma de entender la dinámica los asentamientos poblacionales. Es conveniente desarrollar políticas públicas en los contextos rurales desde esta perspectiva porque parten de un concepto de educación transversal y de ciudadanía activa que pueden ser una forma de empoderamiento de los contextos. Y esto es posible gracias a la Ciudad Educadora, porque comprende que estos están llenos de posibilidades y herramientas educativas si se dirigen a ello.
Imágenes de un Mundo Rural 1955 - 1980
Authors: Benítez Giralt Rafael
Published: July 2021

La memoria histórica rural de España es un valor en sí mismo porque desde los hechos se puede hacer una comparativa de la evolución social y de los factores que han influido en ese desarrollo. Se destaca la realidad histórica del país. En “Imágenes de un Mundo Rural” se pone de relieve esa realidad a través de un conjunto de fotografías en la que se plasman las formas de vida de la población rural española entre los años 1955 y 1980, haciendo una breve retrospectiva de décadas de los años 1920 y 1930. Esta obra de “imágenes” se acompaña de un análisis económico y social de las épocas mencionadas utilizando datos, estudios e investigaciones. Es sorprendente que en los años de las décadas 1920 hasta 1950 el sistema agrícola utilizado era de época romana. Social y económicamente la población rural vivía en la pobreza, aislada y muy poco o nada tecnificada. Muy poco atractiva para la ciudadanía. Fue a partir de la implantación de programas integrales como el Servicio de Extensión Agraria (SEA) de 1955 “ideado para abordar algunos de los numerosos problemas estructurales y culturales del campo español. Este servicio fue hijo de su tiempo y, por lo tanto, no puede ignorarse el régimen político que lo alumbró para entenderlo cabalmente. Pero fue, también, un organismo muy peculiar, atípico en la cultura administrativa franquista de esos años y además muy innovador, en definitiva, muy poco franquista.” El éxito de dicho programa ha sido sistematizado y plasmado en imágenes y datos, vale la pena apreciar las fotografías que hablan por sí mismas.
Trends and prospects for the development and implementation of artificial intelligence in the military sphere in South Africa
Authors: Belikova Ksenia Michailovna
Published: July 2021

The subject of this research is the trends and prospects for the development and implementation of artificial intelligence in the military sphere of one of the BRICS member-states – South Africa in the context of national acts (for example, the Law of 2008 “On the Right of Intellectual Property for State-Funded Research and Development”), the potential and needs of this country, as well as achievements in design and manufacturing of unmanned aerial vehicles by the competitor companies (Seeker 400, MA 380, etc.). The relevance of this topic is substantiated by timely consideration of the legal perspective of the approaches of South Africa towards the implementation of artificial intelligence. The scientific novelty of this article is defined by the focus of research and the acquired results. It is determined that South Africa takes the path of institutional, legal and practical consolidation of the development of artificial intelligence in form of creation of designated infrastructure (on the premises of the universities, for example, Intelligent Systems Group at the University of Pretoria), as startups, scientific network structures (Center for Artificial Intelligence Research), etc. It is demonstrated that South Africa is the manufacturer and seller of the line of unmanned aerial vehicles that are controlled by the artificial intelligence and capable of performing various civil or military tasks –  from moving cargo (including laser-guided bombs) to monitoring the territory (search and rescue or reconnaissance operations, damage assessment from natural disasters or combat operations, control conduct of fire at enemy positions, etc.).
Data for Alabama Taxation and Changing Discourse from Reconstruction to Redemption
Authors: Hendricks Kasey
Published: July 2021

At their most basic level taxes carry, in the words of Schumpeter ([1918] 1991), “the thunder of history” (p. 101). They say something about the ever-changing structures of social, economic, and political life. Taxes offer a blueprint, in both symbolic and concrete terms, for uncovering the most fundamental arrangements in society – stratification included. The historical retellings captured within these data highlight the politics of taxation in Alabama from 1856 to 1901, including conflicts over whom money is expended upon as well as struggles over who carries their fair share of the tax burden. The selected timeline overlaps with the formation of five of six constitutions adopted in the State of Alabama, including 1861, 1865, 1868, 1875, and 1901. Having these years as the focal point makes for an especially meaningful case study, given how much these constitutional formations made the state a site for much political debate. These data contain 5,121 pages of periodicals from newspapers throughout the state, including: Alabama Sentinel, Alabama State Intelligencer, Alabama State Journal, Athens Herald, Daily Alabama Journal, Daily Confederation, Elyton Herald, Mobile Daily Tribune, Mobile Tribune, Mobile Weekly Tribune, Morning Herald, Nationalist, New Era, Observer, Tuscaloosa Observer, Tuskegee News, Universalist Herald, and Wilcox News and Pacificator. The contemporary relevance of these historical debates manifests in Alabama’s current constitution which was adopted in 1901. This constitution departs from well-established conventions of treating the document as a legal framework that specifies a general role of governance but is firm enough to protect the civil rights and liberties of the population. Instead, it stands more as a legislative document, or procedural straightjacket, that preempts through statutory material what regulatory action is possible by the state. These barriers included a refusal to establish a state board of education and enact a tax structure for local education in addition to debt and tax limitations that constrained government capacity more broadly. Prohibitive features like these are among the reasons that, by 2020, the 1901 Constitution has been amended nearly 1,000 times since its adoption. However, similar procedural barriers have been duplicated across the U.S. since (e.g., California’s Proposition 13 of 1978). Reference: Schumpeter, Joseph. [1918] 1991. “The Crisis of the Tax State.” Pp. 99-140 in The Economics and Sociology of Capitalism, edited by Richard Swedberg. Princeton University Press.
The Influence of Various Matrixes on the Strength Properties of Moulding Sands with Thermally Hardened Hydrated Sodium Silicate for the Ablation Casting Process
Authors: Major-Gabryś Katarzyna , Puzio Sabina , Bryłka Agata , Kamińska Jadwiga
Published: July 2021

The essence of ablation casting technology consists in pouring castings into single-use moulds made from the mixture of sand and a water-soluble binder. After pouring the mould with liquid metal yet while the casting is still solidifying, the mould destruction (washing out, erosion) takes place using a stream of cooling medium, which in this case is water. This paper focuses on the selection of  moulding sands with hydrated sodium silicate for moulds used in ablation casting. The research is based on the use of water glass 145 and 150 as binders. As part of the research, loose moulding mixtures based on two silica sands from different sand mines with different content of binders were prepared. The review of literature data and the results of own studies have shown that moulding sand with hydrated sodium silicate hardened by dehydration is characterized by sufficient strength properties to be used in the ablation casting process. Our own research also confirmed the possibility of using these sand mixtures in terms of both casting surface quality and sand reclamation. The results presented in this paper prove that both sand grains and types of binder tested may be used as components in moulding sands devoted to ablation casting.
Detection of genomic regions associated malformations in newborn piglets: a machine-learning approach
Authors: Bakoev Siroj , Traspov Aleksei , Getmantseva Lyubov , Belous Anna , Karpushkina Tatiana , Kostyunina Olga , Usatov Alexander , Tatarinova Tatiana V.
Published: July 2021

Background

A significant proportion of perinatal losses in pigs occurs due to congenital malformations. The purpose of this study is the identification of genomic loci associated with fetal malformations in piglets.

Methods

The malformations were divided into two groups: associated with limb defects (piglet splay leg) and associated with other congenital anomalies found in newborn piglets. 148 Landrace and 170 Large White piglets were selected for the study. A genome-wide association study based on the gradient boosting machine algorithm was performed to identify markers associated with congenital anomalies and piglet splay leg.

Results

Forty-nine SNPs (23 SNPs in Landrace pigs and 26 SNPs in Large White) were associated with congenital anomalies, 22 of which were localized in genes. A total of 156 SNPs (28 SNPs in Landrace; 128 in Large White) were identified for piglet splay leg, of which 79 SNPs were localized in genes. We have demonstrated that the gradient boosting machine algorithm can identify SNPs and their combinations associated with significant selection indicators of studied malformations and productive characteristics.

Data availability

Genotyping and phenotyping data are available at http://www.compubioverne.group/data-and-software/.
Могут ли внутренние волны погубить подводную лодку?, "Природа"
Authors: СТЕПАНЯНЦ Ю.А.
Published: July 2021

Недавняя катастрофа, произошедшая с индонезийской подводной лодкой «Нангала» у берегов острова Бали, вновь напомнила о возможной роли внутренних волн в такого рода трагедиях. В статье кратко излагается природа внутренних волн, анализируются обстоятельства гибели трех подводных лодок: атомных «Трешер» (1963 г.) и «Скорпион» (1968 г.) Военно-морских сил США и дизельной «Нангала», приводятся гипотетические сценарии этих аварий, обосновывается опасность внутренних волн для подводного судоходства.
ВЛАСТЬ В СРЕДНИЕ ВЕКА: НЕКОТОРЫЕ АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ В ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ МЕДИЕВИСТИКЕ, "Средние века"
Authors: Цатурова Сусанна Карленовна
Published: July 2021

В статье представлен обзор основных тенденций в отечественной медиевистике в области изучения средневековой власти. Констатируется стабильное увеличение числа работ по политической истории, появление новых ракурсов исследований, расширение круга источников, в том числе за счет архивов в России и за рубежом. Одной из доминирующих тем является проблема взаимоотношений власти и общества. Внимание историков переключилось от конфронтации к их сотрудничеству. Эта тенденция наглядно проявилась в изучении истории сословно-представительных собраний. Влияние на власть различных социальных групп (локальных, региональных, профессиональных, корпоративных, интеллектуальных) свидетельствует о полицентризме как характерной черте политической структуры Средневековья. Сохраняется интерес к истории двора как «месту власти» и стратегии конструирования социальной опоры монархии. Принципы доминирования утверждались с помощью церемоний, праздников, высоких идей и культурных практик. История формирования Etat modeme остается актуальным направлением в исследованиях отечественных историков. Она рассматривается через призму трансформации природы власти монарха от частной и личностной к коллегиальной и публично-правовой. Особый интерес вызывают формы государственности в Средние века и раннее Новое время - империи/композиты и этнонациональные политические образования. В последние годы внимание историков привлекает проблема соотношения процессов формирования государства и наций, как и формы идентичности средневекового человека. Большое значение придается терминологии и адекватному словарю исследователя политической истории Средневековья.
РАССУЖДЕНИЯ О ФОРМУЛЕ ВЛАСТИ, "Средние века"
Authors: Федоров Сергей Егорович , Паламарчук Анастасия Андреевна
Published: July 2021

В центре внимания авторов - реляционистские и системные концепции власти. Реляционистские концепции («власть над») рассматривают само явление и присущие ему отношения как открывающие возможность для одного индивида/группы изменять поведение другого индивида или группы. Системные концепции или концепции, основанные на идее «власть для», позиционируют само явление власти как особое безличное свойство политической системы, как присущий этой системе функционал, не принадлежащий индивиду или группе индивидов. Авторы высказывают ряд соображений относительно применения системных концепций для анализа властных отношений западноевропейского Средневековья и раннего Нового времени. Основные элементы выводимой авторами схемы: 1) Власть как субстанциональное явление: 2) Провластный дискурс; 3) Контрвластный дискурс; 4) Властные практики, являющиеся генерализацией исходных дискурсов, иными словами, власть как процесс.
ЧЕЛОВЕК СРЕДНЕВЕКОВЬЯ ВРЕМЕНИ ПЕРЕМЕН, "Средние века"
Authors: Золотов Всеволод Иванович
Published: July 2021

Рассматривается развитие некоторых направлений и тематики власти в современной отечественной медиевистике и истории раннего Нового времени. Конкретизируется значение историко-антропологических подходов, методов микроистории в изучении практики сознания и поведения людей XV-XVII вв. С этой целью анализируются исследования Е. Браун «Войны Роз: История. Мифология. Историография» и А. Паламарчук «Цивильное право в раннестюартовской Англии: институты и идеи». Е. Браун исследует английское общество путем стратифицирования уровней внутренних связей социума джентри. Сеть горизонтальных связей джентри обеспечивала реализацию его интересов, в частности, в бесконечных судебных тяжбах по земельным спорам. В исследовании А. Паламарчук изучаются идейно-политические поиски английского общества в преддверии Английской революции в контексте противостояния между знатоками и приверженцами цивильного и общего права. В общественном сознании интеллектуальной элиты формируются две модели монархического государства - «национальная» на основе ценностей общего права, для цивилистов основу «институциональной» модели определяет наследие римского права.
БЫЛ ЛИ ФЕОДАЛИЗМ В ШВЕЦИИ?, "Средние века"
Authors: Щеглов Андрей Джолинардович
Published: July 2021

Являлась ли Швеция феодальной страной Специалисты, признающие наличие феодальных отношений в средневековой Швеции, основываются на различных концепциях феодального общества. Некоторые историки в качестве ключевого элемента феодализма рассматривают вассально-ленные связи, другие подчеркивают роль местных форм феодальной ренты, третьи акцентируют значимость делегирования судебных полномочий короны, четвертые - важность средневековых горизонтальных связей. При всех различиях подходы и точки зрения дополняют друг друга. Представляется уместным рассматривать средневековый шведский социум как локальный вариант феодального общества, принимая во внимание, в частности, такие важные черты, как вассально-ленные отношения, присутствие вотчин, наличие крестьянской ренты и роль замков как военных, фискальных и административных центров.
СОБСТВЕННОСТЬ МЕЖДУ ПРАВОМ И ЭКОНОМИКОЙ, "Средние века"
Authors: Филиппов Игорь Святославович
Published: July 2021

Статья посвящена изучению конкретного теоретического вопроса: какой из двух научных дисциплин - праву или экономике - принадлежит феномен собственности. Необходимость его рассмотрения обусловлена тем, что начиная с середины XX в. понятие собственности приобрело в отечественном обществоведении совершенно исключительное значение, непонятное ученым, привыкшим мыслить в иных парадигмах. В отличие от зарубежных коллег, советские, а затем российские обществоведы привыкли считать, что помимо собственности в юридическом смысле существует также собственность в экономическом смысле, понимаемая как основа социально-экономического строя конкретного общества. Автор прослеживает генезис и развитие этого представления, связанного с советской интерпретацией марксизма в эпоху Сталина. С этой целью в статье анализируются взгляды на эту проблему ведущих отечественных историков-медиевистов, юристов, экономистов и философов. Показана внутренняя противоречивость концепции двойственной природы феномена собственности и проблемы, возникающие при ее применении к конкретным фактам истории как далекого прошлого, так и современности. Доказывается, что собственность - правовое явление, изучение которого методами юридической науки позволяет узнать очень многое о праве, социуме и экономике древних и современных обществ.
ПЛАНЫ СОЗЫВА В ПОЛЬШЕ СЕРЕДИНЫ XVI ВЕКА «CONCILIUM NATION ALE» И ФРАНЦУЗСКИЙ ПРИМЕР (ПАМЯТИ В.Н. МАЛОВА), "Средние века"
Authors: Флоря Борис Николаевич
Published: July 2021

В статье показано как события во Франции, связанные с планами Екатерины Медичи по урегулированию межконфессиональных отношений во Французском королевстве и их неудачей, влияли на аналогичные планы и действия королевской власти, «либеральной» части католического духовенства и протестантского дворянства в Польском королевстве в середине XVI века.
К ИСТОРИИ ЛИЧНЫХ И ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНЫХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ НИКОЛАЯ ОТТОКАРА И ДЖОАККИНО ВОЛЫТЕ, "Средние века"
Authors: Клюев Артем Игоревич
Published: July 2021

Вниманию читателя предлагаются письма известного русского и итальянского медиевиста Николая Оттокара своему коллеге, знаменитому итальянскому медиевисту и политическому деятелю Джоаккино Вольпе. Данные документы характеризуют не только личные взаимоотношения двух историков, но и некоторые сюжеты, связанные с развитием итальянской медиевистики первой трети XX в.