bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolution of Water Conveyance Capacity through Hydraulic Transition Processes in Circular Drop Manholes
Authors: Zhu Chunyue , Zheng Feidong , Yan Genhua , Shi Xianrui
Published: August 2021

Circular drop manholes are widely implemented for steep catchments in urban drainage networks. Poor downstream hydraulic transition processes of a manhole system, i.e., the formation of hydraulic jump near the outlet entrance, and the sudden transition from free surface to pressurized flow with bursts of air in the outflow pipe can severely constraint the capacity of water conveyance. In this paper, we defined four basic hydraulic stages that indicate where hydraulic transition processes begin and end. The measurements of typical manhole models with different drop heights were conducted under different inflow and outflow conditions. Three types of transition processes covering all flow patterns have resulted into a graphical visualization by analyzing two pairs of dimensionless parameters. The flow inside a circular drop manhole was considered to reach its discharge capacity when the abrupt drop of manhole water level is visible in the fully aerated flow pattern. Four empirical equations revealing the water level filling ratio and discharge efficiency at different hydraulic stages were also presented for further predictions of choking risks.
Monitoring Land Use Changes and Their Future Prospects Using GIS and ANN-CA for Perak River Basin, Malaysia
Authors: Zeshan Muhammad Talha , Mustafa Muhammad Raza Ul , Baig Mohammed Feras
Published: August 2021

Natural landscapes have changed significantly through anthropogenic activities, particularly in areas that are severely impacted by climate change and population expansion, such as countries in Southeast Asia. It is essential for sustainable development, particularly efficient water management practices, to know about the impact of land use and land cover (LULC) changes. Geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing were used for monitoring land use changes, whereas artificial neural network cellular automata (ANN-CA) modeling using quantum geographic information systems (QGIS) was performed for prediction of LULC changes. This study investigated the changes in LULC in the Perak River basin for the years 2000, 2010, and 2020. The study also provides predictions of future changes for the years 2030, 2040, and 2050. Landsat satellite images were utilized to monitor the land use changes. For the classification of Landsat images, maximum-likelihood supervised classification was implemented. The broad classification defines four main classes in the study area, including (i) waterbodies, (ii) agricultural lands, (iii) barren and urban lands, and (iv) dense forests. The outcomes revealed a considerable reduction in dense forests from the year 2000 to 2020, whereas a substantial increase in barren lands (up to 547.39 km2) had occurred by the year 2020, while urban land use has seen a rapid rise. The kappa coefficient was used to assess the validity of classified images, with an overall kappa coefficient of 0.86, 0.88, and 0.91 for the years 2000, 2010, and 2020, respectively. In addition, ANN-CA simulation results predicted that barren and urban lands will expand in the future at the expense of other classes in the years 2030, 2040, and 2050. However, a considerable decrease will occur in the area of dense forests in the simulated years. The study successfully presents LULC changes and future predictions highlighting significant pattern of land use change in the Perak River basin. This information could be helpful for land use administration and future planning in the region.
Application of the Regression-Augmented Regionalization Approach for BTOP Model in Ungauged Basins
Authors: Zhu Ying , Liu Lingxue , Qin Fangling , Zhou Li , Zhang Xing , Chen Ting , Li Xiaodong , Ao Tianqi
Published: August 2021

Ten years after the Predictions in Ungauged Basins (PUB) initiative was put forward, known as the post-PUB era (2013 onwards), reducing uncertainty in hydrological prediction in ungauged basins still receives considerable attention. This integration or optimization of the traditional regionalization approaches is an effective way to improve the river discharge simulation in the ungauged basins. In the Jialing River, southwest of China, the regression equations of hydrological model parameters and watershed characteristic factors were firstly established, based on the block-wise use of TOPMODEL (BTOP). This paper explored the application of twelve regionalization approaches that were combined with the spatial proximity, physical similarity, integration similarity, and regression-augmented approach in five ungauged target basins. The results showed that the spatial proximity approach performs best in the river discharge simulation of the studied basins, while the regression-augmented regionalization approach is satisfactory as well, indicating a good potential for the application in ungauged basins. However, for the regression-augmented approach, the number of watershed characteristic factors considered in the regression equation impacts the simulated effect, implying that the determination of optimal watershed characteristic factors set by the model parameter regression equation is a crux for the regression-augmented approach, and the regression strength may also be an influencing factor. These findings provide meaningful information to establish a parametric transfer equation, as well as references for the application in data-sparse regions for the BTOP model. Future research should address the classification of the donor basins under the spatial distance between the reference basin and the target basin, and build regression equations of model parameters adopted to regression-augmented regionalization in each classification group, to further explore this approach’s potential.
Biomass Production and Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Processed Municipal Wastewater by Salix schwerinii: A Field Trial
Authors: Mohsin Muhammad , Kaipiainen Erik , Salam Mir Md Abdus , Evstishenkov Nikolai , Nawrot Nicole , Villa Aki , Wojciechowska Ewa , Kuittinen Suvi , Pappinen Ari
Published: August 2021

In many Baltic regions, short-rotation willow (Salix spp.) is used as a vegetation filter for wastewater treatment and recycling of valuable nutrients to upsurge bioeconomy development. In this context, a four-year field trial (2016–2019) was carried out near a wastewater treatment plant in eastern Finland (Outokumpu) to investigate the effect of the processed wastewater (WW) on biomass production as well as the nutrients uptake capability (mainly N and P) by a willow variety (Salix schwerinii). Results indicated that WW irrigation expressively increased the willow diameter growth and biomass yield around 256% and 6510%, respectively, compared to the control treatment site (without WW). The willow was also able to accumulate approximately 41–60% of the N and 32–50% of the P in two years (2018–2019). Overall, willow showed a total 20% mortality rate under WW irrigation throughout the growing periods (2017–2019) as compared to control (39%). The results demonstrate that willow has the potential to control eutrophication (reducing nutrients load) from the wastewater with the best survival rate and can provide high biomass production for bioenergy generations in cold climatic conditions.
Cryptic Constituents: The Paradox of High Flux–Low Concentration Components of Aquatic Ecosystems
Authors: Olofsson Malin , Power Mary E. , Stahl David A. , Vadeboncoeur Yvonne , Brett Michael T.
Published: August 2021

The interface between terrestrial ecosystems and inland waters is an important link in the global carbon cycle. However, the extent to which allochthonous organic matter entering freshwater systems plays a major role in microbial and higher-trophic-level processes is under debate. Human perturbations can alter fluxes of terrestrial carbon to aquatic environments in complex ways. The biomass and production of aquatic microbes are traditionally thought to be resource limited via stoichiometric constraints such as nutrient ratios or the carbon standing stock at a given timepoint. Low concentrations of a particular constituent, however, can be strong evidence of its importance in food webs. High fluxes of a constituent are often associated with low concentrations due to high uptake rates, particularly in aquatic food webs. A focus on biomass rather than turnover can lead investigators to misconstrue dissolved organic carbon use by bacteria. By combining tracer methods with mass balance calculations, we reveal hidden patterns in aquatic ecosystems that emphasize fluxes, turnover rates, and molecular interactions. We suggest that this approach will improve forecasts of aquatic ecosystem responses to warming or altered nitrogen usage.
Evaluation of By-Pass Fishway Operation for Attraction Efficiency Based on GPS Drifter Field Experiments
Authors: Baek Kyong Oh , Lee Jeong Min , Ku Tae Geom , Kim Young Do
Published: August 2021

The attraction efficiency of a by-pass fishway installed at Gangjeong-Goryeong Weir on the Nakdong River in South Korea was evaluated according to flow rate variation of the main channel. Optimal flow rate that achieved the maximum value of attraction efficiency at the fishway entrance was also determined. The weir can adjust the flow rate of the main channel and the fishway by operating sluice gates. The weighted usable area (WUA) calculated on the basis of habitat suitability criteria (HSC) for target species using River2D (a two-dimensional physical habitat model) was regarded as an indicator of attraction efficiency. The simulated velocity field by River2D was validated by virtue of measured data acquired from GPS drifter field experiments. Additionally, monthly fish monitoring data obtained with a fish trap served as supporting data to confirm the validity of the estimated attraction efficiency. The monitoring results revealed that the fishway attraction efficiency was the highest during the spawning season (from April to June). The target fish used the fishway most frequently in April. However, many other fish species used the fishway in June. Simulation results revealed that the flow rate of the main channel at the weir should be maintained at 190 m3/s in order to most effectively attract the target fish species into the fishway entrance. Managing the optimal flow rate by operating the sluice gate is especially important during the spawning season of the target fish to facilitate upstream and downstream migration.
Event Based Post-Fire Hydrological Modeling of the Upper Arroyo Seco Watershed in Southern California
Authors: Pradhan Nawa Raj , Floyd Ian
Published: August 2021

Understanding, development and integration of pre-fire and post-fire watershed hydrological processes into a watershed hydrological model in a wild-fire repeating region similar to parts of California is critical for emergency assessments. 95% of the upper Arroyo Seco watershed located in Los Angeles County in southern California was burned by the Station fire that occurred in August 2009, significantly increasing the watershed observed runoff. This watershed was employed to develop the January 2008 rainfall runoff model as a pre-fire event-based watershed hydrological model. This pre-fire watershed model was subsequently employed in the rainfall events of 18 January 2010 and 27 February 2010, a few months after the fire event of August 2009. The pre-fire watershed model when employed in the post-fire rainfall events without considering the fire effects vastly underestimated the simulated discharge. For this reason, in this study of the post-fire catchment runoff modeling the following points are taken into consideration: (a) a realistic distributed initial soil moisture condition; (b) a formulation that includes a reduction factor and a burn severity factor, as multiplying factors to soil hydraulic conductivity in the soil characteristic curve; and (c) runoff routing parameterization under burned conditions. Developing the post-fire Arroyo Seco watershed model by using the above-mentioned points enhanced the Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency from −24% to 82% for the 18 January 2010 rainfall event and from −47% to 96% for the 27 February 2010 rainfall event.
Study on the Stability Control of Vehicle Tire Blowout Based on Run-Flat Tire
Authors: Wang Xingyu , Zang Liguo , Wang Zhi , Lin Fen , Zhao Zhendong
Published: August 2021

In order to study the stability of a vehicle with inserts supporting run-flat tires after blowout, a run-flat tire model suitable for the conditions of a blowout tire was established. The unsteady nonlinear tire foundation model was constructed using Simulink, and the model was modified according to the discrete curve of tire mechanical properties under steady conditions. The improved tire blowout model was imported into the Carsim vehicle model to complete the construction of the co-simulation platform. CarSim was used to simulate the tire blowout of front and rear wheels under straight driving condition, and the control strategy of differential braking was adopted. The results show that the improved run-flat tire model can be applied to tire blowout simulation, and the performance of inserts supporting run-flat tires is superior to that of normal tires after tire blowout. This study has reference significance for run-flat tire performance optimization.
Insulation Monitoring of Dynamic Wireless Charging Network Based on BP Neural Network
Authors: Wen Feng , Pei Wenjie , Li Qiang , Chu Zhoujian , Zhao Wenhan , Wu Shuqi , Zhang Xiang , Han Chen
Published: August 2021

The transmission cable and power conversion device need to be buried underground for dynamic wireless charging of an expressway, so cable insulation deterioration caused by aging and corrosion may occur. This paper presents an on-line insulation monitoring method based on BP neural network for dynamic wireless charging network. The sampling signal expression of the injection signal is derived, and the feasibility of this method is verified by experiments, which effectively overcomes the problem of large calculation error of insulation resistance when the cable capacitance to ground is large. The experimental results indicate that the error of the proposed method is less than 9%, which can meet the needs of insulation monitoring.
Multi-Objective Optimization Design of Permanent Magnet Torque Motor
Authors: Chai Jiawei , Zhao Tianyi , Gui Xianguo
Published: August 2021

Permanent magnet torque motor (PMTM) is widely used in aerospace, computer numerical control (CNC) machine tools, and industrial robots with many advantages such as high torque density, strong overload capacity, and low torque ripple. With the upgrading of industrial manufacturing, the requirements for the performance of torque motors have become more stringent. At present, how to achieve high output torque and low torque ripple has become a research hotspot of torque motors. In the optimization process, it is necessary to increase the output torque while the torque ripple can be reduced, and it is difficult to get a good result with the single-objective optimization. In this paper, a multi-objective optimization method based on the combination of design parameter stratification and support vector machine (SVM) is proposed. By analyzing the causes of torque ripple, the output torque, efficiency, cogging torque, and total harmonic distortion (THD) of back electromotive force (EMF) are selected as the optimization objectives. In order to solve the coupling problem between the motor parameters, the calculation formula of Pearson correlation coefficient is used to analyze the relationship between the design parameters and the optimization objectives, and the design parameters are layered ac-cording to the sensitivity. In order to shorten the optimization cycle of the motor, SVM is used as a fitting method of the mathematical model. The performance between initial and optimal motors is compared, and it can be found that the optimized motor has a higher torque and lower torque ripple. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed optimization method.
The Policy Coherence Framework Approach in a Multi-Level Analysis of European, German and Thuringian Climate Policy with a Special Focus on Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF)
Authors: Eberl Justus , Gordeeva Evgenia , Weber Norbert
Published: August 2021

This work sets out to apply the Policy Coherence Framework (PCF) to the case of climate policy, taking into account the European, German and Thuringian political levels of analysis. It combines an analysis of vertical coherence between these levels and horizontal coherence within and between different sectoral policies. The study demonstrates disparities between coherence within climate policy itself and between other policy sectors as regards forest area development. It further reveals some contradictions between economic and ecological goals in German climate policy, particularly as concerns the role of forests. According to the authors, this observation can, at least in part, be explained by the national security obligations of Germany as a nation state. This assumption is supported by the observation that the regional level of Thuringia is more consistent with the supranational level of the European Union, both of which can “afford” to favour ecology over economy due to not being nation states. Another finding suggests that the broad and ambiguous definition of climate policy causes many contradictions, leading to an “omnipresence” of climate policy, and in doing so, strips it of its meaning and, consequently, practical relevance.
Dynamics of changes in cardiorespiratory capabilities among the students of the Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, depending on the season of the year
Authors: Moriakina Svetlana Vasilievna , Anzorov Vakha Askhadovich
Published: August 2021

The scientific article presents the changes in cardiorespiratory parameters among the students of the Chechen Republic in the autumn and spring periods. During the examination of the students’ health, we found that as the air temperature decreases, the physiological state deteriorates (SBP, heart rate, Kerdoe's Vegetative Index increase). With an increase in ambient temperature, VC, respiration rate, Shtange and Genchi’s tests increase; according to adaptation indicators, the adaptive capacity of cardiovascular activity rises.
Healthcare of South Korea
Authors: Frolova Elena Vladimirovna
Published: August 2021

South Korea is one of the most developed Asian states, located in the northeastern part of the Asian continent. This country has a powerful economy and highly developed industry, being one of the world's major suppliers of computer technology. Korean statehood traces its history from the 4th-3rd centuries BC, when the country was under the control of the Japanese Empire. As a result of the Second World War, Korea was divided into the northern part, controlled by the USSR, and the southern part, under US patronage. The Republic of Korea was founded on August 15, 1948, after which the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (better known as North Korea) was proclaimed on the territory of the Soviet zone on September 9. The subsequent Korean War, which lasted for three years (1950-1953), only consolidated the division of the country. Over the 70 years of its existence, South Korea has achieved tremendous economic progress, and the changes could not but affect the health sector. Despite the fact that compared to other highly developed countries, South Korea spends not so much on the development of medicine — about 7.6 % of GDP, this figure is slowly but steadily growing. More than half of the capital that goes to meet the needs of the healthcare system is of private origin. In addition to compulsory medical insurance, which covers 96 % of the country's population, non-state sources of funding include the system of voluntary medical insurance, payment for treatment received, as well as funds from charitable foundations. On average, each Korean spends about 5 % of their income on healthcare annually.
Evaluation of the compatibility between corrosion casts and 3D reconstruction of pig head arterial system on cone beam computed tomography
Authors: TSANDEV Nikolay , BAKICI Caner , VODENİCHAROV Angel
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to compare the corrosion cast models of the porcine head arterial system with three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) of these cast models. Six heads from sows were simultaneously injected through both carotid arteries with Duracryl Plus for corrosion cast technique and an additional head, also from another one sow head, was filled with saturated lead tetroxide (Pb3O4) in a 10% hot water solution (40°C) of gelatin for CBCT study. Two-dimensional (2D) images were stored in Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM). Subsequently, segmentation and post-processing of these images were performed by using various software programs. The 3D models were found to be compatible with the corrosion cast models. It was observed that osseous structures and arteries were clearly identified on CBCT images. Specimen scan, segmentation, and post segmentation had a duration of 10-15 minutes, 4 hours, and 15 minutes, respectively. The internal carotid artery, external carotid artery, and its main branches were seen well on 3D models. In conclusion, it is considered that 3D models and images can be effectively used in anatomy education, radiological evaluations, pathological and variational investigations.
Long-term oral prednisolone exposure in primary care for bullous pemphigoid: population-based study
Authors: Persson Monica SM , Harman Karen E , Thomas Kim S , Chalmers Joanne R , Vinogradova Yana , Langan Sinead M , Hippisley-Cox Julia , Gran Sonia
Published: August 2021

Background

Oral prednisolone is the mainstay treatment for bullous pemphigoid, an autoimmune blistering skin disorder affecting older people. Treatment with moderate-to-high doses is often initiated in secondary care, but then continued in primary care.

Aim

To describe long-term oral prednisolone prescribing in UK primary care for adults with bullous pemphigoid from 1998 to 2017.

Design and setting

A prospective cohort study using routinely collected data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, a primary care database containing the healthcare records for over 17 million people in the UK.

Method

Oral prednisolone exposure was characterised in terms of the proportion of individuals with incident bullous pemphigoid prescribed oral prednisolone following their diagnosis, and the duration and dose of prednisolone.

Results

In total, 2312 (69.6%) of 3322 people with bullous pemphigoid were prescribed oral prednisolone in primary care. The median duration of exposure was 10.6 months (interquartile range [IQR] 3.4–24.0). Of prednisolone users, 71.5% were continuously exposed for >3 months, 39.7% for >1 year, 14.7% for >3 years, 5.0% for >5 years, and 1.7% for >10 years. The median cumulative dose was 2974 mg (IQR 1059–6456). Maximum daily doses were ≥10 mg/day in 74.4% of prednisolone users, ≥20 mg/day in 40.7%, ≥30 mg/day in 18.2%, ≥40 mg/day in 6.6%, ≥50 mg/day in 3.8%, and ≥60 mg/day in 1.9%.

Conclusion

A high proportion of people with incident bullous pemphigoid are treated with oral prednisolone in UK primary care. Action is required by primary and second care services to encourage use of steroid-sparing alternatives and, where switching is not possible, ensure prophylactic treatments and proactive monitoring of potential side effects are in place.
The kantian notion of freedom and autonomy of artificial agency
Authors: Sahu Manas
Published: August 2021

The objective of this paper is to provide critical analysis of the Kantian notion of freedom (especially the problem of the third antinomy and its resolution in the critique of pure reason); its significance in the contemporary debate on free-will and determinism, and the possibility of autonomy of artificial agency in the Kantian paradigm of autonomy. Kant's resolution of the third antinomy by positing the ground in the noumenal self resolves the problem of antinomies; however, it invites an explanatory gap between phenomenality and the noumenal self; even if he has successfully established the compatibility of natural causality and non-natural causality through his transcendental argument. This paper is also devoted to establishing the plausibility of the knowledge claim that Kantian reduction of phenomenality has served half of the purpose of the AI scientists on the possibility of Artificial Autonomous Agency.
Lo numinoso en la leyenda popular
Authors: Aguilar Tamayo Federico , Noyola Piña Lorena , Iñigo Dehud Laura Silvia
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo reflexiona en la leyenda de La Llorona como un fenómeno santo cuya cualidad es doble: como relato y como creencia. Noción que exploramos a partir de los conceptos de Rudolf Otto, lo racional y lo irracional de la experiencia santa. Como campo de observación recurrimos al relato oral y a la imagen como insumos investigativos. Como resultado observamos cómo los conceptos racional e irracional se articulan en la leyenda de La Llorona tanto en imagen como en relato, lo que revela que aquella es un complejo mítico contemporáneo donde lo santo, persiste como relato e imagen.
Aportes teórico-conceptuales para el abordaje de la percepción y representaciones sociales del riesgo hídrico
Authors: Mastrandrea Aldana
Published: August 2021

La sociedad actual experimenta un conjunto de transformaciones que se manifiestan en la compleja relación que establece con la naturaleza. Dicha relación presenta diferentes grados de incertidumbre según la probabilidad de ocurrencia de fenómenos que signifiquen una amenaza o peligro. Por ello, es imprescindible conocer las características de este vínculo para generar adecuados mecanismos de actuación ante la ocurrencia de eventos potencialmente peligrosos para la población, como inundaciones, anegamientos y desbordes de cursos de agua. El artículo, de carácter teórico, adopta una estrategia de investigación cualitativa y se centra en el abordaje de la Teoría Social del Riesgo desde la perspectiva de la Geografía de la Percepción y la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales. El mismo, a través de la revisión de la literatura, se propone realizar un recorrido teórico-conceptual mediante la selección de conceptos, categorías y dimensiones de análisis que ofrezcan un marco contextual para conocer y analizar la configuración de escenarios de criticidad ambiental en relación con los recursos hídricos. Dicho abordaje, constituye un enfoque enriquecedor para incrementar los niveles de conocimiento sobre el riesgo y orientar las acciones que, desde diferentes ámbitos, debieran implementarse en la gestión integral y participativa del riesgo hídrico.
Methodological challenges for a new philosophy of technology
Authors: Pontes Bonfiglioli Cristina
Published: August 2021

Nicola Liberati, Associate Professor at Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Dept. of Philosophy, School of Humanities), presents us with his unique view of how Philosophy of Technology can move beyond traditional approaches in Philosophy of Technology to solve current problems we see emerging from the use of the latest technologies in contemporaneity.
Annual Maps of Forests in Australia from Analyses of Microwave and Optical Images with FAO Forest Definition
Authors: Qin Yuanwei , Xiao Xiangming , Wigneron Jean-Pierre , Ciais Philippe , Canadell Josep G. , Brandt Martin , Li Xiaojun , Fan Lei , Wu Xiaocui , Tang Hao , Dubayah Ralph , Doughty Russell , Chang Qing , Crowell Sean , Zheng Bo , Neal Kevin , Celis Jorge A. , Moore Berrien
Published: August 2021

The Australian governmental agencies reported a total of 149 million ha forest in the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in 2010, ranking sixth in the world, which is based on a forest definition with

tree
 
height
>
2
 
meters

. Here, we report a new forest cover data product that used the FAO forest definition (

tree
 
cover
>
10
%

and

tree
 
height
>
5
 
meters

at observation time or mature) and was derived from microwave (Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar, PALSAR) and optical (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, MODIS) images and validated with very high spatial resolution images, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data from the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat), and in situ field survey sites. The new PALSAR/MODIS forest map estimates 32 million ha of forest in 2010 over Australia. PALSAR/MODIS forest map has an overall accuracy of ~95% based on the reference data derived from visual interpretation of very high spatial resolution images for forest and nonforest cover types. Compared with the canopy height and canopy coverage data derived from ICESat LiDAR strips, PALSAR/MODIS forest map has 73% of forest pixels meeting the FAO forest definition, much higher than the other four widely used forest maps (ranging from 36% to 52%). PALSAR/MODIS forest map also has a reasonable spatial consistency with the forest map from the National Vegetation Information System. This new annual map of forests in Australia could support cross-country comparison when using data from the FAO Forest Resource Assessment Reports.
¿Faros en la ruta de la cultura?
Authors:   , Fiebelkorn Ayelén
Published: August 2021

Esta tesis reconstruye una trama de sociabilidades urbanas desde la especificidad de las bibliotecas populares surgidas durante el período de entreguerras (1914-1945) en la región de La Plata, capital de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Parte de la hipótesis de que las bibliotecas populares son prismas a través de los cuales es posible analizar un repertorio de sociabilidades urbanas y prácticas culturales que se hibridaron con particular vigor en un período signado por la expansión de bienes culturales y entretenimientos urbanos masivos. En el marco del auge del asociacionismo de inicios del siglo XX, proliferaron en la capital bonaerense tres tipos de asociaciones sostenidas por la sociedad civil: centros de fomento, clubes deportivos y asociaciones culturales. Emplazadas en vecindarios céntricos, barriadas suburbanas y localidades portuarias de una región que iniciaba su despegue urbano; dueñas de perfiles y orientaciones ideológicas heterogéneas, la mayoría de estas entidades coincidió, sin embargo, en el objetivo de “difundir cultura” entre el vecindario mediante el auspicio de salas de biblioteca. A partir de un intensivo abordaje de fuentes documentales y las contribuciones de la historia sociocultural y los estudios culturales, se exploran los sentidos y actores involucrados en la fundación y el funcionamiento de bibliotecas. En particular, se examina la construcción de identidades, valores morales y jerarquías sociales, territoriales y de género desde la especificidad de las prácticas de sociabilidad de los actores históricos ligados a las asociaciones auspiciantes. Asimismo, se busca ampliar el conocimiento específico respecto de las bibliotecas populares, sus materiales de lectura y sus públicos lectores en interacción con, por un lado, la expansión del mercado editorial y la producción en serie de prensa y literatura barata prototípica del período de entreguerras; y, por el otro, con las acciones de fomento desplegadas por el estado nacional y provincial hacia este tipo de instituciones culturales.
DEVELOPMENT AND THERMAL EVALUATION OF DOUBLE DRUM DRYER FOR READY-TO-EAT FOOD PRODUCTS TO SUPPORT STUNTING PREVENTION
Authors: Hidayat Dadang Dayat , Sagita Diang , Darmajana Doddy Andy , Indriati Ashri , Rahayuningtyas Ari , Sudaryanto Arie , Kurniawav Yose Rizal , Nugroho Pramono
Published: August 2021

The study aimed to develop a small-scale drum dryer to meet the small enterprises' demand in the context to produce ready-to-eat food products to support stunting prevention. The design, manufacture, and thermal evaluation of a double drum dryer had been carried out. The development stage consisted of sizing the main components, creating technical drawings, determining component materials, manufacturing, and performance tests. The dryer drum dimension was 500 mm in diameter and 400 mm in length and 20 mm in thickness. The capacity of the double drum dryer was 10 kg/batch. The double drum dryer was powered by a 3-phase electromotor 2.24 kW. There are three transmission systems applied, i.e. gearbox, chain-sprocket and belt-pulley. The feeding system applied was nip feeding. The heat source originated from the steamer using an electric heater. Results of the test showed that the double drum drying machine had worked well as expected. The temperature distribution of both drums was fairly uniform, and the temperature uniformity in the drum surface showed good uniformity (minimum gradient temperature). The double drum dryer was able to produce good characteristics of products in the form of ready-to-eat products made from several ingredients (i.e. millets and red bean) which contain high macro and micronutrient.
Comunicaci�n y responsabilidad social: percepciones estudiantiles en dos universidades privadas del norte de M�xico
Authors: Bon Pereira Maria Virginia
Published: August 2021

El objetivo del presente art�culo es analizar la percepci�n y autopercepci�n estudiantil sobre responsabilidad social, considerando el sistema filos�fico, cursos, autoridades, compromiso social y medios de comunicaci�n universitarios. Se aplican 454 cuestionarios a estudiantes de dos universidades privadas de M�xico, cuyos resultados indican que hay correlaci�n significativa entre las acciones de la universidad percibidas por el estudiante y su autopercepci�n en el tema. Se concluye que la universidad debe incrementar esfuerzos para la formaci�n de profesionales socialmente responsables, ya que la percepci�n estudiantil se orienta a niveles m�s bajos en los �ltimos semestres. Se sugiere el desarrollo de los canales de comunicaci�n universitaria para generar un mayor nivel de involucramiento y mejorar las percepciones de los p�blicos en las instituciones.
La campa�a audiovisual de la �Jornada Nacional de Sana Distancia� y su heur�stica de la afectividad como parte de la comunicaci�n del riesgo entre los turistas nacionales de M�xico durante la pandemia provocada por el SARS-CoV-2, marzo-diciembre 2020
Authors: Sosa Rold�n Sergio , Santos Morales Raul
Published: August 2021

A pesar de la difusi�n masiva en diferentes medios de informaci�n sobre la pandemia provocada por el SARS-CoV-2 y sobre las medidas de seguridad implementadas por la Secretar�a de Salud y los diferentes niveles de gobierno en M�xico como la �Jornada Nacional de Sana Distancia�, millones de turistas nacionales estuvieron viajando a diferentes destinos del pa�s durante 2020, lo que implic� un cambio poco significativo en el volumen del turismo nacional. Como parte de una explicaci�n de este fen�meno, se recurri� a la teor�a de la heur�stica de la afectividad para investigar los mensajes de la campa�a enfocados a evitar que las personas salieran de casa y mediante un an�lisis de contenido se encontr� que, en lo general, esos materiales audiovisuales se enfocaron principalmente en los beneficios percibidos dejando de lado los riesgos percibidos, descuidando la comunicaci�n del riesgo. El an�lisis de otros factores sociales, culturales y econ�micos puede darnos una mayor profundidad para conocer no s�lo la heur�stica de la afectividad de las campa�as de promoci�n y prevenci�n de la salud difundidas e implementadas en otros pa�ses como parte de la comunicaci�n del riesgo, sino tambi�n para conocer las actitudes, opiniones y comportamientos que tuvieron los turistas de otros lugares durante la pandemia provocada por el SARS-CoV-2.
EFFECTIVENESS OF STANDING PILATES ON DYNAMIC BALANCE AND LOWER LIMB MUSCULAR ENDURANCE IN BADMINTON PLAYERS: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Authors: Vora Priyal , Panwar Jahnvi
Published: August 2021

Badminton is a very challenging sport which demands high intensity, swift, precise and continuous movements that require a high level of dynamic balance and muscular endurance. Standing Pilates is a form of training developed to improve core strength, balance and endurance. Thirty badminton players between 18-25 years were included and divided into two groups. Experimental group (Group A) received standing Pilates and conventional training whereas control group (Group B) was given only conventional training. All players were assessed for dynamic balance and lower limb muscular endurance with Star Excursion Balance Test and Squat Test respectively. Student t-test was used in the analysis of the data collected for all variables at the beginning and at the end of 4 weeks. Comparing post SEBT and squat test values of Group A and Group B showed that standing Pilates has signicant effect on dynamic balance and lower limb muscular endurance in badminton players
DAIRY SECTOR IN INDIA: PRODUCTION AND UTILIZATION OF MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS – A SHORT REVIEW
Authors: Kalidas K. , Kumar S. Deepak , Priyadharshini P , Sasikumar S , Shamsia A , Vaishnavi CM.
Published: August 2021

India is the leader in white revolution since 1998, India surpassed the United States and became the largest milk producer
in the world by executing Operation ood and also the largest consumer of dairy products. Milk production in the country
has increased from 146.3 million tonnes in 2014-15 to 198.4 million tonnes in 2019-20 (Economic Times, 2021). In comparison with 2018-19, the
production has increased by 5.70 percent according to the government data. More than 75 percent of the households in the country are consuming
milk. The per capita milk consumption is found to be much higher for the home-grown households than those which purchased in most of the state.
A STUDY TO CORRELATE HISTOPATHOLOGY, SERUM PSA LEVEL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL EXPRESSION OF ER & PR IN PROSTATIC GROWTH
Authors: Bhardwaj Prashant , Nandy Sumit , Basu Keya , Kumari Manjari , Karmakar Dilip
Published: August 2021

Objectives- Prostate is a bromusculoglandular structure situated at the neck of urinary bladder. It enlarges due to benign hyperplasia of prostate (BHP), prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) or adenocarcinoma. Enlargement of prostate is associated with raised serum level of prostate-specic antigen (PSA) and altered expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR). The aim of our study is to correlate the histopathology, PSA levels and altered expression of ER and PR by immunohistochemistry in different prostatic growth lesions. Methodology- Patients diagnosed as having prostatic growth were enrolled and their serum PSA levels were noted. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical analysis of prostatic tissues for ER and PR were carried out to nd out correlation of different type of growth with serum PSA level and expression of ER and PR. Results- A total 96 cases studied of them 61(63.54%) patients presented with BHP, 20(20.83%) patients with BHP with chronic prostatitis, 3 patients presented with metaplastic changes, 5 cases with of PIN and 6 patients presented with adenocarcinoma with different Gleason score. PR expression positivity in epithelial cells and stromal cells of BHP cases were 51(83.6%) and 53(86.88%) respectively. Patients presented with adenocarcinoma showed only 33.33 %( 2cases) positivity in epithelial cells and 50% (3cases) positivity in stromal cells. Serum PSA level were signicantly higher in adenocarcinoma patients as compare to BHP patients. Conclusion- By observing these ndings it can be suggested that and antiprogesterone therapy may be helpful in the treatment of prostatic adenocarcinoma.
EXPLORING THE BENEFITS OF ACADEMIC BANK OF CREDIT (ABC) FOR ST THE 21 CENTURY LEARNER
Authors: Guha Sampurna
Published: August 2021

The National Educational Policy 2020 is a dynamic, progressive and modern framework of education which aims at
achieving full human potential among the learners. It aims at providing equal and equitable opportunities, inclusive
education to all learners, making them global in outlook yet armed with traditional values. The Academic Bank of Credits proposed under the
New Policy of Education, an online repository of credits accumulated by the leaner, to be looked after by the University Grants Commission,
promises to provide academic exibility to the students. It will pupils studying at higher educational levels to accumulate credit points by moving
across various academic levels such as certicate, diploma, post graduate diploma, graduate and post graduate degree programs, enjoying
multiple exit and entry points and having the facility to continue life-long learning. However, there are certain challenges such as risk of dilution,
loss of academic rigor, possible adverse impact on the educators, presence of digital divide, lack of digital knowledge and skills among students.
However, despite foresight of possible challenges and probable issues, ABC holds great promise for the academic fraternity by laying the path
for a exible, student-centric academic journey where the learner is not forced to study the prescribed traditional courses instead he gets to choose
a course in accordance with his interests, needs and passion, learning them from institutions of his choice and at self- pace. Thus, the ABC will
help to prepare world class learners with global skills and traditional values, which are hallmarks of the present generation of leaners.
PREVALENCE AND CLINICAL PROFILE OF FUNCTIONAL CONSTIPATION IN CHILDREN WITH PERSISTENT GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOMS
Authors: Keshav Sushma , Kondekar Santosh
Published: August 2021

Background: Constipation is a common pediatric problem worldwide affecting the quality of life of children and parents. But only few children
with constipation seek medical help. Alonger duration of constipation before diagnosis has been associated with complications like malnutrition,
changes in behavior and growth failure and poorer long-term outcome.
Methods: Children up to 12 years of age presenting to the Pediatric outpatient of a tertiary care hospital with persistent abdominal symptoms were
enrolled over a period of one year. Their clinical prole was recorded and analyzed. Prevalence of functional constipation was calculated as a
percentage and the association of persistent abdominal symptom with constipation was studied.
Results: Amongst the 500 children studied, 84 were found to have functional constipation according to ROME IV criteria, the prevalence being
16.8%. Demographically, the mean age for cases with functional constipation was 5.19 years and the male female ratio was 1.6:1. Abdominal
symptoms that were signicantly associated with functional constipation were hard stools (p 0.0001), fussy eaters (p 0.0072), abdominal
distension (p 0.0053), pain abdomen (p 0.03) and decreased appetite (p0.0305). The common treatment received by these children were lactulose in
27 (32.24%), diet modication in 20 (23.8%), enema in 07 (08.33%), polyethylene glycol in 05 (05.95%) and least common was glycerin
suppositories in 3 (03.57%).
Conclusion: To conclude, persistent abdominal symptoms in children cannot be neglected and functional constipation must be evaluated in
children coming to the outpatient with persistent abdominal symptoms.
ASYMMETRIC CRYING FACIES: A CLINICAL ODDITY
Authors: Kohat Dilesh , Patil Vishwanath , Mahajan Kusum
Published: August 2021

Background – Congenital hypoplasia of depressor angularis oris muscle (CHDAOM), which is often confused with unilateral facial nerve palsy, is
a rare congenital disorder presenting with asymmetric crying facies in a newborn. Accurate diagnosis of this condition is imperative in order to
ensure further screening to rule out associated anomalies and appropriate management. We report a late preterm male Clinical description –
neonate who was noticed to have facial asymmetry selectively during episodes of crying. During quiet or sleeping state, the face was symmetrical.
Clinical examination did not reveal any other facial abnormality or any evidence of facial nerve palsy. Associated anomalies were Management –
ruled out by thorough evaluation. In view of isolated CHDAOM, parents were explained regarding benign course of the condition. The neonate was
discharged after an uneventful hospital stay. This case report emphasizes the importance of a Conclusion – detailed clinical examination in the
diagnosis of CHDOAM. CHDOAM, if occurring in isolation, is a benign condition and does not require any intervention. Parental counselling is
the cornerstone of management. However, the diagnosis of CHDAOM should raise suspicion for other associated congenital anomalies and
warrants a thorough evaluation.
Bus Impact on the Inductance Distribution of Electromagnetic Launchers
Authors: Tosun Nail , Keysan Ozan
Published: August 2021

Simulations are crucial in the electromagnetic launcher (EML) researches on account of extreme physical conditions. More energy into the system adds weight to the model’s accuracy as the operation risk rises. In this paper, the electromagnetic impact of the bus structure is discovered in a recently developed EMFY-3 electromagnetic launcher, is presented. An H-shaped bus structure is used for current injection. However, experiments showed that the H-shaped bus changes inductance calculations. A careful examination is made to reveal the physical reasoning of the bus impact. We hypothesize that the rail portion surrounded with bus geometry has less inductance than the rest due to the eddy current created by rail current transients, which should be calculated carefully through numerical calculations, i.e., 3-D Finite Element Method (FEM). Two different simulation models were constructed to test the hypothesis. Moreover, rail currents, breech, and muzzle voltages are measured to investigate electromagnetic calculations. Results showed a good agreement with experiments where the bus structure was modeled explicitly. That aspect showed that the bus structure should be well-examined when multiple PPS are connected.
An Effective Backward Filter Pruning Algorithm Using K1,n Bipartite Graph-Based Clustering and the Decreasing Pruning Rate Approach
Authors: Chung Kuo-Liang , Chang Yu-Lun
Published: August 2021

Setting a fixed pruning rate and/or specified threshold for pruning filters in convolutional layers has been widely used to reduce the number of parameters required in the convolutional neural networks (CNN) model. However, it fails to fully prune redundant filters for different layers whose redundant filters vary with layers. To overcome this disadvantage, we propose a new backward filter pruning algorithm using a sorted bipartite graph- and binary search-based (SBGBS-based) clustering and decreasing pruning rate (DPR) approach. We first represent each filter of the last layer by a bipartite graph 𝐾1 𝑛, with one root mean set and one 𝑛-weight set, where 𝑛 denotes the number of weights in the filter. Next, according to the accuracy loss tolerance, an SBGBS-based clustering method is used to partition all filters into clusters as maximal as possible. Then, for each cluster, we retain the filter corresponding to the bipartite graph with the median root mean among 𝑛 root means in the cluster, but we discard the other filters in the same cluster. Following the DPR approach, we repeat the above SBGBS-based filtering pruning approach to the backward layer until all layers are processed. Based on the CIFAR-10 and MNIST datasets, the proposed filter pruning algorithm has been deployed into VGG-16, AlexNet, LeNet, and ResNet. With similar accuracy, the thorough experimental results have demonstrated the substantial parameters and floating-point operations reduction merits of our filter pruning algorithm relative to the existing filter pruning methods.