bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overcome the challenge for intratumoral injection of STING agonist for pancreatic cancer by systemic administration
Authors: Li Keyu , Wang Junke , Zhang Rui , Zhou Jiawei , Espinoza Birginia , Niu Nan , Wang Jianxin , Jurcak Noelle , Rozich Noah , Osipov Arsen , Henderson MacKenzie , Funes Vanessa , Lyman Melissa , Blair Alex B. , Herbst Brian , He Mengni , Yuan Jialong , Trafton Diego , Yuan Chunhui , Wichroski Michael , Liu Xubao , Fu Juan , Zheng Lei
Published: August 2024

Due to the challenge for intratumoral administration, innate agonists have not made it beyond preclinical studies for efficacy testing in most tumor types. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a hostile tumor microenvironment that renders T cells dysfunctional. Innate agonist treatments may serve as a T cell priming mechanism to sensitize PDACs to anti-PD-1 antibody (a-PD-1) treatment. Using a transplant mouse model with spontaneously formed liver metastasis, a genetically engineered KPC mouse model that spontaneously develops PDAC, and a human patient-derived xenograft model, we compared the antitumor efficacy between intrahepatic/intratumoral and intramuscular systemic administration of BMS-986301, a next-generation STING agonist. Flow cytometry, Nanostring, and cytokine assays were used to evaluate local and systemic immune responses. This study demonstrated that administration of STING agonist systemically via intramuscular injection is equivalent to its intratumoral injection in inducing both effector T cell response and antitumor efficacy. Compared to intratumoral administration, T cell exhaustion and immunosuppressive signals induced by systemic administration were attenuated. Nonetheless, either intratumoral or systemic treatment of STING agonist was associated with increased expression of CTLA-4 on tumor-infiltrating T cells. However, the combination of a-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 antibody with systemic STING agonist demonstrated the antitumor efficacy in the KPC mouse spontaneous PDAC model. The mouse pancreatic and liver orthotopic model of human patient-derived xenograft reconstituted with PBMC also showed that antitumor and abscopal effects of both intratumoral and intramuscular STING agonist are equivalent. Taken together, this study supports the clinical development of innate agonists via systemic administration for treating PDAC.
Prevalence of fungal DNAemia mediated by putatively non-pathogenic fungi in immunocompromised patients with febrile neutropenia: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Lucini Chantal , Obrová Klára , Krickl Isabella , Nogueira Filomena , Kocmanová Iva , Herndlhofer Susanne , Gleixner Karoline V. , Sperr Wolfgang R. , Frank Tijana , Andrade Nuno , Peters Christina , Engstler Gernot , Dworzak Michael , Attarbaschi Andishe , van Grotel Martine , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M. , Moiseev Ivan S , Rogacheva Yuliya , Zubarovskaya Ludmilla , Zubarovskaya Natalia , Pichler Herbert , Lawitschka Anita , Koller Elisabeth , Keil Felix , Mayer Jiří , Weinbergerová Barbora , Valent Peter , Lion Thomas
Published: August 2024

Invasive fungal disease (IFD) presents a life-threatening condition in immunocompromised patients, thus often prompting empirical administration of antifungal treatment, without adequate mycological evidence. Over the past years, wide use of antifungal prophylaxis resulted in decreased occurrence of IFD but has contributed to changes in the spectrum of fungal pathogens, revealing the occurrence of previously rare fungal genera causing breakthrough infections. The expanding spectrum of clinically relevant fungal pathogens required the implementation of screening approaches permitting broad rather than targeted fungus detection to support timely onset of pre-emptive antifungal treatment. To address this diagnostically important aspect in a prospective setting, we analyzed 935 serial peripheral blood (PB) samples from 195 pediatric and adult patients at high risk for IFD, involving individuals displaying febrile neutropenia during treatment of hematological malignancies or following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Two different panfungal-PCR-screening methods combined with ensuing fungal genus identification by Sanger sequencing were employed. In the great majority of PB-specimens displaying fungal DNAemia, the findings were transient and revealed fungi commonly regarded as non-pathogenic or rarely pathogenic even in the highly immunocompromised patient setting. Hence, to adequately exploit the diagnostic potential of panfungal-PCR approaches for detecting IFD, particularly if caused by hitherto rarely observed fungal pathogens, it is necessary to confirm the findings by repeated testing and to identify the fungal genus present by ensuing analysis. If applied appropriately, panfungal-PCR-screening can help prevent unnecessary empirical therapy, and conversely, contribute to timely employment of effective pre-emptive antifungal treatment strategies.
Effects of exercise intervention on balance function in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Xiao Junjian , Liu Linghong , Tang Nan , Yi Chao
Published: August 2024

Objective

To determine the effectiveness of exercise intervention on postural balance, gait parameters, and muscle strength in children with cerebral palsy by quantifying the information from randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods

We conducted a systematical search for RCTs from the databases, including PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus using a between-group design involving children with cerebral palsy and assessing the effect of exercise intervention on postural balance, gait parameters, and muscle strength. The specified inclusion criteria were determined by the PICOS tool. The outcomes of included studies were evaluated by meta-analysis, and subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to analyze the observed heterogeneities using Review Manager 5.4 and Stata version 18.0. The revised Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) was used to evaluate the risk of bias and quality of the included studies.

Results

Twenty-four studies were included in this meta-analysis, with 579 children with cerebral palsy. Exercise intervention showed a statistically significant favorable effect on gross motor function (SMD = 0.32; 95%CI [0.03 to 0.61]; I2 = 16%), anteroposterior stability index (SMD = -0.93; 95%CI [-1.69 to -0.18]; I2 = 80%), and mediolateral stability index (SMD = -0.60; 95%CI [-1.16 to -0.03]; I2 = 73%) compared to control group among children with cerebral palsy. None of the above meta-analyses exhibited publication bias, as indicated by Egger’s test with p-values greater than 0.05 for all.

Conclusions

Exercise is effective in improving gross motor function and balance in children with cerebral palsy. Due to the lack of studies examining the efficacy of each exercise type, we are unable to provide definitive training recommendations.
Glycyrrhizic acid induced acquired apparent mineralocorticoid excess syndrome with a hyperadrenergic state: a case report
Authors: Szendrey John , Poindexter Anthony , Braden Gregory
Published: August 2024

Background

Syndrome of apparent mineralocorticoid excess (AME) is characterized by excessive MR stimulation despite low levels of aldosterone. 11Beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-2 (11βDSH-2) inactivates cortisol to cortisone, preventing cortisol-induced MR activation. Genetic defects in 11βDSH-2 cause AME through accumulation of cortisol in the distal nephron, leading to MR activation induced hypertension, hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis. Acquired AME can occur due to the ingestion of glycyrrhizic acid, found in licorice root, which inhibits 11βDSH-2 and has additional effects on cortisol homeostasis through inhibition of 11βDSH-1.

Case report

We present a case of acquired AME with a hyperadrenergic symptoms induced by ingestion of Advanced Liver Support, a nutritional supplement produced by Advanced BioNutritionals(R), in a 65-year-old Caucasian female who presented with accelerated hypertension, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis and adrenergic symptoms. Cessation of the licorice-containing supplement resulted in complete resolution of the patient's hypertension, symptoms and abnormal lab values. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of AME from this supplement, and the first to describe accompanying hyperadrenergic symptoms.

Conclusions

Glycyrrhizic acid is increasingly being found in unregulated nutritional supplements and has the potential to induce a reversable syndrome of AME. Acquired AME should be suspected in individuals who present with hypertension along with hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis and low plasma renin and serum aldosterone levels.
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales sepsis following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: risk factors for 30-day all-cause mortality and the development of a nomogram based on a retrospective cohort
Authors: Zhang Hongchen , Wang Yue , Zhang Xiaochen , Xu Chenshan , Xu Dongchao , Shen Hongzhang , Jin Hangbin , Yang Jianfeng , Zhang Xiaofeng
Published: August 2024

Background

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has become a routine endoscopic procedure that is essential for diagnosing and managing various conditions, including gallstone extraction and the treatment of bile duct and pancreatic tumors. Despite its efficacy, post-ERCP infections – particularly those caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) – present significant risks. These risks highlight the need for accurate predictive models to enhance postprocedural care, reduce the mortality risk associated with post-ERCP CRE sepsis, and improve patient outcomes in the context of increasing antibiotic resistance.

Objective

This study aimed to examine the risk factors for 30-day mortality in patients with CRE sepsis following ERCP and to develop a nomogram for accurately predicting 30-day mortality risk.

Methods

Data from 195 patients who experienced post-ERCP CRE sepsis between January 2010 and December 2022 were analyzed. Variable selection was optimized via the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was then employed to develop a predictive model, which was evaluated in terms of discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility. Internal validation was achieved through bootstrapping.

Results

The nomogram included the following predictors: age > 80 years (hazard ratio [HR] 2.61), intensive care unit (ICU) admission within 90 days prior to ERCP (HR 2.64), hypoproteinemia (HR 4.55), quick Pitt bacteremia score ≥ 2 (HR 2.61), post-ERCP pancreatitis (HR 2.52), inappropriate empirical therapy (HR 3.48), delayed definitive therapy (HR 2.64), and short treatment duration (< 10 days) (HR 5.03). The model demonstrated strong discrimination and calibration.

Conclusions

This study identified significant risk factors associated with 30-day mortality in patients with post-ERCP CRE sepsis and developed a nomogram to accurately predict this risk. This tool enables healthcare practitioners to provide personalized risk assessments and promptly administer appropriate therapies against CRE, thereby reducing mortality rates.
Effectiveness of annual influenza campaigns and vaccination in reducing influenza burden in nursing homes of Canton Vaud in Switzerland
Authors: Glampedakis Emmanouil , Iglesias Patricia Cuiña , Chiesa Flaminia , Qalla-Widmer Laetitia , Moroni May-Kou Ku , Riccio Coralie , Sobgoui Béatrix , Tessemo Marie Immaculée Nahimana , Cassini Alessandro
Published: August 2024

Background

Influenza infections pose significant risks for nursing home (NH) residents. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of the cantonal influenza campaign, and influenza vaccination coverage of residents and healthcare workers (HCWs) on influenza burden in NHs in a context of enhanced infection prevention and control measures (IPC) during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Methods

We extracted data from epidemic reports provided by our unit to NHs over two consecutive winter seasons (2021-22 and 2022-23) and used linear regression to assess the impact of resident and HCW vaccination coverage, and participation in the campaign, on residents’ cumulative influenza incidence and mortality.

Results

Thirty-six NHs reported 155 influenza cases and 21 deaths during the two winter seasons corresponding to 6.2% of infected residents and a case fatality ratio of 13.5%. Median vaccination coverage was 83% for residents, 25.8% for HCWs, while 87% of NHs participated in the campaign. Resident vaccination was significantly associated with a decrease in odds of death (odds ratio (OR) 0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.93–0.99). There was no significant effect of HCW vaccination coverage on resident infections and deaths. Campaign participation was associated with decreased odds of infection and death among residents (OR: 0.17, 95% CI: 0.06–0.47 and OR: 0.06, 95% CI: 0.02–0.17 respectively).

Conclusion

Our analysis suggests that in a context of reinforced IPC measures, influenza still represents a significant burden for NH residents. The most effective measures in decreasing resident influenza burden in NHs was participation in the cantonal influenza vaccination campaign and resident vaccination.
Effects of bacteriocin-producing Lactiplantibacillus plantarum on bacterial community and fermentation profile of whole-plant corn silage and its in vitro ruminal fermentation, microbiota, and CH4 emissions
Authors: Li Ziqian , Usman Samaila , Zhang Jiayao , Zhang Yixin , Su Rina , Chen Hu , Li Qiang , Jia Mengya , Amole Tunde Adegoke , Guo Xusheng
Published: August 2024

Background

Silage is widely used to formulate dairy cattle rations, and the utilization of antibiotics and methane emissions are 2 major problems for a sustainable and environmentally beneficial ruminant production systems. Bacteriocin has received considerable attention because of its potential as an alternative to antibiotics in animal husbandry. However, the impact of bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria on the microbiological conversion process of whole-plant corn silage and rumen fermentation remains limited. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of 2 class IIa bacteriocin-producing strains Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ATCC14917 and CICC24194 on bacterial community composition and ensiling profiles of whole-plant corn silage and its in vitro rumen fermentation, microbiota, and CH4 emissions.

Results

Both bacteriocin-producing strains increased the lactic acid concentration in silage fermented for 7 d, whereas the lowest lactic acid was observed in the ATCC14917 inoculated silage fermented for 90 d (P < 0.05). The highest DM content was observed in the CICC24194 treatment (P < 0.05), and the silages treated with both strains had the lowest DM loss (P < 0.05). Bacteriocin-producing strains promoted the growth of Levilactobacillus brevis on d 60 of ensiling. In addition, treatment with bacteriocin-producing strains increased the in vitro DM digestibility (P < 0.05) and decreased the CH4 production (P < 0.05). The results of random forest and clustering analyses at the genus level showed that ATCC14917 increased the relative abundance of the influential variable Bacillus compared to that in the control group, whereas CICC24194 decreased the relative abundance of the influential variable Ruminococcaceae UCG-005. The CICC24194 treatment had the lowest total bacterial, fungal, protozoan, and methanogen populations (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Both class IIa bacteriocin-producing L. plantarum strains improved the fermentation quality of whole-plant corn silage by regulating the bacterial community composition during ensiling, with CICC24194 being the most effective. Both bacteriocin-producing strains mitigated CH4 production and improved digestibility by modulating the interactions among rumen bacteria, protozoa, methanogens, and the composition of fibrolytic bacteria.
Effects of varying photoperiodic regimens on oviposition behavior of Anopheles subpictus and Culex quinquefasciatus
Authors: Nayak Sisir Kumar , Swain Surya Narayan , Achari T. Sarita , Barik Tapan Kumar
Published: August 2024

Background

Environmental factors influence the mosquito behavior, particularly the oviposition behavior. Therefore, understanding the response of mosquitoes to their environmental conditions like photoperiod, humidity, rainfall, etc., can lead to more precise predictions of transmission cycles which help in the development of more effective vector control strategies. To understand the importance of photoperiod in determining the oviposition cycle of Anopheles subpictus and Culex quinquefasciatus, experiments were conducted under different conditions of normal light (LD 12: 12), reversed photoperiod (DL 12: 12) and continuous light (24 LL) for three consecutive days.

Results

It was noticed that ovipositional activity was exclusively restricted to the scotophase. When both the mosquito species were exposed to reverse photoperiod, the oviposition activity also reversed but they showed an erratic oviposition behavior when exposed to 24 h light condition.

Conclusions

Understanding the oviposition behavior of mosquito species may favor to design and develop new vector control strategies.
Methylphenidate Reversal of Dexmedetomidine-Induced Versus Ketamine-Induced Sedation in Rats
Authors: Vincent Kathleen F. , Park Gwi H. , Stapley Brendan M. , Dillon Emmaline J. , Solt Ken
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:

Dexmedetomidine and ketamine have long elimination half-lives in humans and have no clinically approved reversal agents. Methylphenidate enhances dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurotransmission by inhibiting reuptake transporters for these arousal-promoting neurotransmitters. Previous studies in rats demonstrated that intravenous methylphenidate induces emergence from isoflurane and propofol general anesthesia. These 2 anesthetics are thought to act primarily through enhancement of inhibitory Gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors. In this study, we tested the behavioral and neurophysiological effects of methylphenidate in rats after low and high doses of dexmedetomidine (an alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist) and ketamine (an N-methyl-D-aspartate [NMDA] receptor antagonist) that induce sedation and unconsciousness, respectively.

METHODS:

All experiments used adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 32 total) and all drugs were administered intravenously in a crossover, blinded experimental design. Locomotion after sedating doses of dexmedetomidine (10 µg/kg) or ketamine (10 mg/kg) with and without methylphenidate (5 mg/kg) was tested using the open field test (n = 16). Recovery of righting reflex after either high-dose dexmedetomidine (50 µg/kg) or high-dose ketamine (50 mg/kg) with and without methylphenidate (1–5 mg/kg) was assessed in a second cohort of rats (n = 8). Finally, in a third cohort of rats (n = 8), frontal electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded for spectral analysis under both low and high doses of dexmedetomidine and ketamine with and without methylphenidate.

RESULTS:

Low-dose dexmedetomidine reduced locomotion by 94% in rats. Methylphenidate restored locomotion after low-dose dexmedetomidine (rank difference = 88.5, 95% confidence interval [CI], 70.8–106) and the effect was blocked by coadministration with a dopamine D1 receptor antagonist (rank difference = 86.2, 95% CI, 68.6–104). Low-dose ketamine transiently attenuated mobility by 58% and was not improved with methylphenidate. Methylphenidate did not affect the return of righting reflex latency in rats after high-dose dexmedetomidine nor ketamine. Frontal EEG analysis revealed that methylphenidate reversed spectral changes induced by low-dose dexmedetomidine (F [8,87] = 3.27, P = .003) but produced only transient changes after high-dose dexmedetomidine. Methylphenidate did not induce spectral changes in the EEG after low- or high-dose ketamine.

CONCLUSIONS:

Methylphenidate reversed behavioral and neurophysiological correlates of sedation, but not unconsciousness, induced by dexmedetomidine. In contrast, methylphenidate did not affect sedation, unconsciousness, nor EEG signatures in rats after ketamine. These findings suggest that methylphenidate may be efficacious to reverse dexmedetomidine sedation in humans.
Exploring the Formation Mechanism of Cultural Differences Between Chinese and Western Competitive Sportsmanship: Based on a Qualitative Study
Authors: Luo Changxin , Xu Kuo , Liu Shuchang , Zhu Yuping , Zhang Guodong
Published: August 2024

Purpose: The development of athletics is pivotal to China's aspiration of becoming a modern competitive sports powerhouse. Spiritual culture, being its core component, also serves as an intrinsic driving force. A nuanced understanding of the formation of spiritual and cultural differences between Chinese and Western competitive sports is essential for the connotative construction of China's competitive sports strength.
Methodology: This study employs qualitative text analysis to examine 46 texts in both Chinese and English. The aim is to investigate the mechanisms underlying the cultural differences between Chinese and Western sportsmanship and to construct a theoretical model.
Findings: The study identifies five key dimensions—mindset, internal and external drive, traditional paradigm, code of conduct, and spiritual pillars—that collectively contribute to the cultural differences in Chinese and Western competitive sportsmanship. Among these, mindset, internal and external drive, and traditional paradigm are the causative factors, while codes of conduct and spiritual pillars represent the actions and outcomes that shape these cultural differences.
Value: This study aims to elucidate the specific spiritual and cultural differences between Chinese and Western competitive sports, and the reasons behind these differences. By constructing a mechanism for the formation of these cultural differences, the study seeks to foster a conducive cultural environment for the development of competitive sports in China. This, in turn, is expected to accelerate China's transition from a major sports nation to a leading sports power on the global stage.
Gender and Preferences for Performance Feedback
Authors: Coffman Katherine , Klinowski David
Published: August 2024

Across multiple studies, we investigate whether there are gender differences in preferences for receiving performance feedback. We vary many features of the feedback context: whether the performance task is a cognitive test or a mock interview, the feedback is objective or subjective, and it is possible for the provider of the feedback to discriminate on the basis of gender. Consistent with past work, we find that women are less optimistic about their performance than men and that, on average, more optimistic individuals have greater demand for feedback. Results like these have been hypothesized in the literature to imply that women will shy away from performance feedback more so than men. And, when we survey participants from a similar population, they also anticipate that women will demand feedback at lower rates than men. Yet, across our two incentivized studies, we find that women are no less eager to receive performance feedback than men. Understanding whether and how these results might generalize to broader contexts, particularly those with more social factors, is an important question for future work.

This paper was accepted by Dorothea Kubler, behavioral economics and decision analysis.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.02482 .
Design, utilidade e subjetividade
Authors: Rocha Christiana Costa Lima da , Costa Carlos Eduardo Felix da , Portinari Denise Berruezo
Published: August 2024

O presente artigo reflete sobre design, sua relação com expressões da arte, e as intrínsecas noções de utilidade e sentido, em deslocamento às ideias corriqueiras de decoração e funcionalidade. Na contemporaneidade, tais noções padecem de uma redução semântica que as limita a propósitos convencionados como práticos e econômicos, vinculados a uma previsível linha do tempo de começo/compra, meio/utilização e fim/descarte. Tais ideias não somente encarceram a natureza essencial de articulação e transdisciplinaridade do design, como passam ao largo de qualquer relação com a construção de subjetividades, estabelecendo um cenário de sacrifício do sensível em favor do lucro. Neste sentido, seria refletir sobre o ‘inútil’ que existe no ‘útil’, e vice-versa: um design revisitado, distraído, artístico, que serve à subjetividade, que nos provoca os sentidos, nos permite tempo de desaceleração, em um momento em que é urgente repensar sobre o que nos cerca e nos afeta, como uma reconstrução da vida coletiva.
Design afrofuturista na encruzilhada
Authors: Nunes Cynthia Maria Rocha , Arantes Priscila Almeida Cunha
Published: August 2024

Este artigo busca estabelecer conexões existentes entre o Afrofuturismo e o design. Para tal, utiliza a perspectiva do cruzo, que entende os modos de fazer e pensar da hegemonia ocidental como insuficientes para produzir uma ciência múltipla em saberes e concepções, visto que tais paradigmas não abarcam perspectivas outras que fogem à sua própria racionalidade. Neste sentido, o artigo considera o design enquanto prática projetual de criação de modos de ser pensar e de criação de futuros. Partindo da concepção da divisão racial organizada pela lógica ocidental e colonial a fim de explicar por que alguns grupos tiveram suas narrativas sistematicamente apagadas, recorre-se ao Afrofuturismo, um movimento de criação de futuros que considera pessoas negras enquanto partícipes, como antítese do movimento Futurista italiano e como uma proposição de design de futuro, já que promove novas formas de criar o mundo onde sujeitos anteriormente marginalizados são protagonistas.
Explorando estudos decoloniais em design de tecnologias digitais
Authors: Freitas Elígia Filgueiras de , Sousa Paulo Victor Barbosa de
Published: August 2024

O presente artigo está fundamentado na deconolonização do design, especificamente o de natureza digital. Ao nos questionarmos sobre a produção científica brasileira sobre design digital e decolonialidade, aqui buscamos identificar o que tais trabalhos trazem como bases teóricas, o que discutem e o que indicam como resultado. Para tanto, realizamos uma revisão de literatura assistemática em repositórios online. O que trazemos como resultado é uma síntese desse levantamento, com o achado parcial de certa lacuna quanto a estudos produzidos na interseção destas duas temáticas, ressaltando-se uma origem predominante de fora do campo do design, o que indica disputas epistemológicas sobre objetos e fundamentações teóricas na pesquisa em design. Esse achado sugere, potencialmente, a construção de um território específico e interdisciplinar ligado à decolonialidade do design em tecnologias digitais.
Biodiversidade Amazônica, identidade cultural e conhecimento tradicional
Authors: Pinto Rosângela Gouvêa , Nascimento Pontes Altem
Published: August 2024

O artigo trata da análise dos elementos visuais da joia feita no Pará, desde a implantação em 1999 do Programa de Verticalização Mineral de Gemas e Joias do Estado do Pará – PVMGJ-PA, a partir das características de: temáticas, criação, projetos e confecção. A metodologia utilizada, foi pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, levantamento de dados de 2002 a 2022 e a descrição dos eventos de geração de produtos joalheiros através de pesquisa participante nas ações de qualificação, que resultou na sistematização do percurso das joias do Pará, onde os protagonistas do setor joalheiro receberam qualificações técnicas e atitudinais, sobre: design, gemologia, fundição, lapidação, artesanato e ourivesaria, resultando na fabricação de joias com configuração e conteúdo voltadas a biodiversidade, cultura e identidade local, valorizando as habilidades técnicas e atitudinais, que já possuíam e as que obtiveram, expressas em joias com características da Amazônia paraense.
Há designs por vir?
Authors: Franzato Carlo
Published: August 2024

Este artigo procura respostas projetuais à pergunta sombria “Há mundos por vir?”, posta por Déborah Danowski e Eduardo Viveiros de Castro no livro homônimo. À entrada na era geológica que leva nosso nome, o Antropoceno corresponde a uma crise planetária que afeta profundamente as ecologias em que se funda nossa existência. A partir disso, em um exercício especulativo, o design é posto em xeque, como método da modernidade industrial por excelência. Este artigo, então, explora as alternativas que estão sendo vislumbradas no campo do design para a sustentabilidade, identificando um caminho promissor na construção de cenários. Finalmente, chega ao conceito de ecotopia, entendendo as ecotopias, não como utopias ecológicas, mas como cenários eco-lógicos de ação, cenários para pensar, narrar e praticar outros mundos em que haja possibilidade de regeneração das ecologias.
Galeria Providência
Authors: Cruz Giovana
Published: August 2024

Observando o modelo hegemônico de produção urbana praticado no Brasil ao longo dos anos, vemos que a desigualdade socioespacial tem sido um dos seus principais reflexos. Diante desse contexto, nos perguntamos: como desenhar novos futuros para as cidades? Buscando contribuir com esse questionamento, este trabalho aborda uma experiência de transformação da cidade por meio da história de Hugo Silva de Oliveira - um morador do Morro da Providência, no Rio de Janeiro - e do seu projeto cultural de base territorial Galeria Providência. O trabalho é parte de uma pesquisa que foi desenvolvida com a utilização da metodologia da história oral e com a participação de diversos sujeitos que habitam e atuam culturalmente na região portuária. Os resultados mostram que o Galeria Providência, junto a outros projetos, aciona modos de fazer que tensionam o sistema dominante de produção urbana e nos permitem vislumbrar outras possibilidades para pensar/fazer/viver a cidade.
Estampa-me
Authors: Silveira Murta Pinheiro Gabriella , Rabetti Giannella Júlia , Kosminsky Doris
Published: August 2024

Nota-se um crescente interesse na pesquisa e no desenvolvimento de visualizações de dados em suportes diversos e para fins menos convencionais que servem a propósitos de uma comunicação mais subjetiva e sensível. A fim de contribuir para o avanço destas investigações nos debruçamos sobre os estudos na área de visualização de dados pessoais, aproximando-o de outra disciplina, o design de superfície. Nesta conjuntura interdisciplinar, nosso objetivo é o de refletir e praticar convergências criativas a partir do desenvolvimento e da avaliação do projeto Estampa-me, uma visualização de dados pessoais aplicada à estamparia têxtil que comunica narrativas pessoais. Para tal, conduzimos uma pesquisa teórico-prática combinando métodos e técnicas de design e avaliação de visualização de dados. Como resultado, desenvolvemos um artefato comunicacional que permite vislumbrar e discutir novas perspectivas para narrativas imagéticas guiadas por dados.
Nair Theodora Araújo e Maria Mazarello Rodrigues
Authors: Casagrande Lariane , De Oliveira Corrêa Ronaldo
Published: August 2024

Neste artigo, apresentamos as trajetórias de Nair Theodora Araújo (1931-1984), fundadora da Livraria Contexto (São Paulo SP, 1972-2018), e Maria Mazarello Rodrigues (1941), fundadora da Mazza Edições (Belo Horizonte MG, 1981), a fim de entrar em contato com a participação feminina negra na prática editorial nos anos 1970-1980. Para tanto, utilizamos como procedimento de coleta de dados a revisão assistemática de literatura, com aporte teórico principal de Beatriz Nascimento (1985), Joan Scott (1986), Teresa de Lauretis (1994), e Lélia Gonzalez (2020). Apresentamos, a partir da estratégia de descrição dos dois percursos, a reflexão sobre as ausências e apagamentos relacionados aos marcadores de gênero, raça e classe, em práticas historiográficas de design, em específico, no universo editorial, com fundação feminina negra, dedicada à circulação de literatura e visualidade produzida e editada por pessoas negras.
Designs porvir por meio de imagens de luta pela Terra e por terras, e levantes do céu
Authors: Szaniecki Barbara
Published: August 2024

Frente aos tempos complexos para a Terra e para nós, terrâneos, que histórias podemos contar? Que imagens e representações emergem dessas histórias? Estou na Franca por um tempo e vou partir daqui e tentar aterrar aí, no Brasil. Entre idas e voltas, pretendo propor imagens que possam inspirar lutas na Terra por terras e que possam contribuir para levantar o céu. Titãs, xamãs e guerreiras nos acompanharão nessa busca por práticas projetuais e políticas para além daquelas que vigeram desde a colonização até a contemporaneidade.
Reflexões sobre design no fomento ao artesanato
Authors: Sirito de Vives Carneiro Marina , Anastassakis Zoy
Published: August 2024

A pesquisa pretende pôr em debate as relações estabelecidas entre design e artesanato em projetos de fomento ao artesanato possibilitados pelo Sebrae, a partir dos resultados de uma pesquisa de campo, realizada em Pernambuco, com objetivo de compreender se os modos a partir dos quais definimos design, interferem nos modos a partir dos quais praticamos design.
Imaginar mundos, narrar futuros
Authors: Meliande Clara de Souza Rocha , Camargo Paula de Oliveira
Published: August 2024

O debate “Narrar, imaginar e pensar outros mundos”, que trouxe as apresentações dos professores Eduardo Costa (FAUUSP) e Erick Felinto (FCS/UERJ) para o seminário Designs por vir: pensar, narrar e praticar outros mundos aproximou os campos da história do design com os estudos de mídia, aliando a crise da imaginação à história ambiental. Buscando encontrar os vestígios de um mundo cuja materialidade configurava as relações sociais e de trabalho, por um lado, e entender como a contemporaneidade vive a imaterialidade como o novo padrão de interação, por outro, Costa e Felinto trouxeram abordagens distintas para uma questão comum. Que designs podem ser pensados para o mundo que habitamos hoje? Que mundo é esse, que relações e que tipo de ação se podem, enquanto profissionais de projeto – logo, que pensam o “porvir” do mundo –, realizar de modo a não intensificar ainda mais o quadro de colapso climático, ambiental, político e ético que se agrava em todas as partes do globo terrestre?
measuring the quality of philosophical dialogue: a high-inference rating instrument for research and teacher education
Authors: Bernhard Deborah , Helbling Dominik
Published: August 2024

Various studies have shown that philosophizing with children at school can have a positive effect on cognitive, language and social skills. However, previous studies have not considered how the quality of the dialogue influences these outcomes. Addressing this gap, our article introduces a high-inference rating instrument to assess the quality of philosophical dialogue. This instrument features four quality dimensions: Philosophical Richness, Co-construction, Focus, and Restrained Facilitation. It was applied to evaluate 63 class dialogues from a Swiss study involving secondary-school students. The article presents the instrument using excerpts from the study, along with initial validation information, showing its reliability in measuring philosophical dialogue quality. The significance of this research lies in its focus on the quality of philosophical dialogue, an aspect often overlooked in educational settings. By providing a tool to assess this quality, we open up new pathways for analyzing the effectiveness of philosophical dialogues in schools. This is especially relevant as educational systems increasingly recognize the importance of developing students' critical thinking and discussion skills. The findings highlight the potential of high-quality philosophical dialogues to enrich students' educational experiences and offer insights for educators and researchers into enhancing these interactions. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of how philosophical dialogue can be used as a powerful educational tool, not just for engaging students but for fostering meaningful and impactful learning.
infancias, identidades digitales y escuela: de incluir tecnologías, a ponerlas sobre la mesa
Authors: Brailovsky Daniel , Menchón Angela maría
Published: August 2024

La idea social de infancia, y la propia experiencia de ser niño o niña está interpelada en nuestros días por las mediaciones digitales en las relaciones. Es usual referirse a las nuevas generaciones como “digitales”, o particularmente como nativos digitales. Se habla de nuevas infancias en virtud del modo en que manejan las tecnologías y se plantea la idea de que la diferencia entre las generaciones adultas y jóvenes está epocalmente trastocada o invertida en una época definida como “era digital”. El mandato pedagógico es, a nivel discursivo, “incluir” o “incorporar” tecnologías en la enseñanza. En este artículo nos interesa explorar la relación entre infancias y tecnologías más allá del territorio demarcado por estos discursos instrumentalistas y de cierto determinismo tecnológico, que nos proponemos poner en cuestión a partir de los avances iniciales de una investigación en curso. Nos planteamos como preguntas orientadoras: ¿cómo se re-configura la experiencia de ser niño o niña en una cultura atravesada por las tecnologías y medios digitales? ¿Cómo puede pensarse el lugar de la escuela en el marco de estas transformaciones? Se concluye subrayando algunas formas de resistencia ante los aspectos alienantes de la cultura digital que pueden pensarse como uno de los desafíos pedagógicos y políticos que se abren ante la escuela en nuestros días.
ALÉM DA SUPERFÍCIE: UMA ANÁLISE DIALÓGICA DE COMENTÁRIOS COM TEOR RACISTA SOBRE O TRAILER DE THE LITTLE MERMAID
Authors: Lopes Moreira Tatiane , De Souza Timmermann Rafael , Sousa dos Santos Ellen Sylmara
Published: August 2024

O sentido dos enunciados se constrói, em uma percepção dialógica do discurso, por alguns fatores: horizonte espacial comum, o contexto social (dos participantes da interação) e avaliação da situação em questão, a qual é feita a partir do contexto de cada participante e, por consequência, demonstra, linguisticamente, pontos de vista possíveis. É desta construção teórico-metodológica que desenvolvemos este texto. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar, sob a ótica dialógica discutida pelo Círculo de Bakhtin, como comentários feitos por espectadores do trailer do filme The little Mermaid (2023) apontam para possíveis posicionamentos racistas. Concluímos que alguns dos comentários selecionados para esta análise apresentaram posicionamentos racistas quanto à representação da personagem principal, a sereia, a qual é interpretada por uma atriz negra em comparação ao desenho animado, no qual a sereia apresentava pele branca.
Should We Defund the National Health Service?
Authors: Thomson Andrew
Published: August 2024

Despite record investment in Scotland's National Health Service, ever-increasing numbers of people remain in hospital despite being clinically fit for discharge. This paper curiously explores two of the whole-system problems ensuring discharges are delayed and argues that greater investment in, and contractual changes to, social care commissioning is required to support more people to live their best lives in their own homes. A more creative perspective is required to ensure better outcomes for the population.
Camrelizumab Combined with Apatinib for Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Two Case Reports
Authors: Chen Ning , Zhang Lei , Gao Aimei , Piao Longzhen , Quan Xianglan , Shen Xionghu
Published: August 2024

Aims/Background: Portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) is a common complication of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC typically infiltrates intrahepatic vessels, particularly the portal vein, leading to the formation of PVTT, marking advanced-stage HCC and correlating with poor prognosis. PVTT often complicates local treatment strategies such as surgical resection and affects the efficacy of interventions. Combination therapy, including immunotherapy and targeted therapy, shows promise in HCC treatment, but management options for HCC patients with PVTT are incompletely characterized. This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab + apatinib in treating HCC patients with PVTT.

Case Presentation: Two cases of HCC with PVTT were presented. Patient 1, a 51-year-old male with a history of hepatitis B virus, was diagnosed with stage IIIA HCC and treated with camrelizumab + apatinib, achieving complete response (CR) after six cycles. Patient 2, a 50-year-old male with stage IIIA HCC, also underwent the same treatment and achieved CR after four cycles but died due to acute cardiac disease.

Results: Our research found that camrelizumab + apatinib effectively shrank the size of filling defects and significantly prolonged patients’ progression-free survival. In addition, no adverse effects were observed during the treatment process. However, despite the manageable safety profile demonstrated by combination therapy, further clinical research is needed to validate its long-term efficacy and safety.

Conclusion: Camrelizumab + apatinib produced satisfactory efficacy and safety among the HCC patients with PVTT, providing clinical evidence for future treatment.
OPENING THE BLACK BOX OF COGNITIVE FUNCTIONAL THERAPY FOR LOW BACK PAIN: A REVIEW OF INTERVENTIONS USING THE TEMPLATE FOR INTERVENTION DESCRIPTION AND REPLICATION (TIDIER) CHECKLIST
Authors: Qashwa Y , Gray H
Published: August 2024

Background and study purpose

A recent systematic review with meta-analysis of eight randomised controlled trials concluded that Cognitive Functional Therapy (CFT) for low back pain might be effective in reducing disability, pain and fear-avoidance beliefs. However, the descriptions of a CFT intervention are not always clear. This study aimed to rate the replicability of the CFT interventions and control groups in the systematic review.

Methods

Two reviewers independently extracted data from the study articles, protocols and appendices into Microsoft Excel using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist. This checklist has 12 items to describe the ‘why’, ‘what’, ‘who’, ‘how’, ‘where’, ‘when and how much’, ‘tailoring’, ‘modifications’, and ‘how well’ for each intervention. We rated the replicability of the CFT interventions and control groups as ‘reported’, ‘partially reported’ and ‘not reported’ and resolved discrepancies by consensus.

Results

No studies reported 100% of the TIDieR items; the mean ‘reported’ rating was 54% (range 33–67%) for the CFT interventions and 35% (range 8–67%) for controls. The six most replicable items were the same for both CFT and control groups. These were ‘brief name’ (CFT=100%; control=100%), ‘why’ (CFT=100%; control=50%), ‘how’ (CFT=100%; control=50%), ‘what procedures’ (CFT=88%; control=63%), ‘where’ (CFT=88%; control=75%) and ‘planned adherence’ (CFT=75%; control=38%). Items that were not sufficiently ‘reported’ for either CFT or control groups included ‘when and how much’, ‘tailoring’ and ‘adherence’.

Conclusion

Incomplete descriptions of CFT interventions mean that clinicians and patients cannot implement those that have demonstrated effectiveness, and poor descriptions of control groups prevent researchers from replicating them in future studies.

Conflict of interest

No conflicts of interest

Sources of funding

No funding obtained
THE CO-CONSTRUCTION OF ‘BACK GUIDE’: A STUDENT-LED SELF-MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION TO SUPPORT BACK HEALTH FOR LOCAL AUTHORITY WORKERS
Authors: Hebberd B , Rooke C , Burton K
Published: August 2024

Background

A local authority approached us, for a cost-beneficial solution to their increasing low back pain referrals. We proposed developing a student-led clinic – an intervention delivered by students but supervised by clinicians. We then conducted scoping reviews on student-led clinics in the management of health conditions and on the self-management of back pain. The findings suggested that student-led self-management interventions for low back health should be feasible. The next step was to co-construct the intervention with key stakeholders.

Co-Construction

A hybrid of Action Research and Design Science methodology was used to co-construct the intervention with five key stakeholder groups (council staff, managers and human resources, employee healthcare, students, and lecturers). Three rounds of focus groups explored the ‘problem’, the possible solutions, the process, and the content. Themes were taken from each of these focus groups and the similarities and differences were analysed. This analysis and subsequent synthesis with the evidence base created potential intervention models, which were discussed and refined with the stakeholder groups.

Intervention

The proposed intervention is focused on providing evidence informed biopsychosocial support for work-relevant back pain, based on identifying obstacles and solutions to improve coping with back health at work. An onboarding workshop challenges positively their thinking around back pain and work. This is followed by up to three 1:1 sessions that support the individual to identify work-relevant back health goals and agree a plan to achieve them using techniques to facilitate behaviour change.

Conclusion

The intervention is evidence informed and aims to address the prioritised needs of the stakeholders.

Conflicts of interest

No conflicts of interest

Sources of funding

National Health Service Education
PATIENTS’ AND PHYSIOTHERAPISTS’ PERSPECTIVES OF TREATMENT OUTCOMES AND EXPERIENCES IN EPISODES OF LOW BACK PAIN
Authors: Fewins-Scales C J , Chau R , Roberts L
Published: August 2024

Statement of purpose of study and background

As the treatment of low back pain (LBP) continues to evolve, there is greater recognition of the importance of optimising the therapeutic relationship to better deliver improved patient outcomes. Contextual effects, such as communication, have been shown to influence the therapeutic relationship, but it is not known how these factors evolve over time. This study analysed interviews from two studies (one cross-sectional and one longitudinal) to explore patients’ and physiotherapists’ perspectives of treatment outcomes and experiences in episodes of LBP in the same dialogic space. The objective was to explore the alignment between these perceptions to identify factors that influence the therapeutic relationship over time.

Summary of methods used and results

Two secondary thematic analyses were undertaken, one analysing cross-sectional data and the other analysing longitudinal data, from an existing data set from the programme: “Exploring the relationship between communication and clinical decision-making in physiotherapy consultations for back pain”. All data were thematically analysed and organised using a framework approach.

Six themes emerged from the cross-sectional data reporting consistency of opinion in the initial consultation stages, but highlighting inadequate patient involvement in shared decision making. Four main themes emerged from the longitudinal data, all of which reported interactional fears and anxieties identified on both the parts of the patient and the physiotherapist.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that failing to involve the patient in adequately personalised treatment from the initial consultation may lead to diagnosis hunting and stereotyping behaviours within the therapeutic relationship, in turn leading to increased health resource usage.

Conflicts of interest

None

Sources of Funding

The primary data set was collected in a research programme funded by Arthritis Research UK (now Versus Arthritis).