bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contemporary Aseptic Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients ≤50 Years of Age
Authors: Carender Christopher N. , Bothun Cole E. , Sierra Rafael J. , Trousdale Robert T. , Abdel Matthew P. , Bedard Nicholas A.
Published: April 2024

Background:

There has been a paucity of long-term outcomes data on aseptic revision total hip arthroplasties (THAs) in the young adult population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate implant survivorship, complications, and clinical outcomes in a large cohort of contemporary aseptic revision THAs in patients ≤50 years of age at the time of the surgical procedure.

Methods:

We identified 545 aseptic revision THAs performed at a single academic institution from 2000 to 2020 in patients who were 18 to 50 years of age. Patients who underwent conversion THAs and patients with a history of any ipsilateral hip infection were excluded. The mean age was 43 years, the mean body mass index (BMI) was 29 kg/m2, and 63% were female. The index indication for revision THA was aseptic loosening in 46% of cases, polyethylene wear or osteolysis in 28% of cases (all revisions of conventional polyethylene), and dislocation in 11% of cases. There were 126 hips (23%) that had undergone at least 1 previous revision (median, 1 revision [range, 1 to 5 revisions]). The mean follow-up was 10 years.

Results:

In the entire cohort, the 20-year survivorship free of any re-revision was 76% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 69% to 82%). There were 87 re-revisions, with 31 dislocations, 18 cases of aseptic loosening of the femoral component, and 16 periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) being the most common reasons for re-revision. Dislocation as the indication for the index revision was associated with an increased risk of re-revision (hazard ratio, 2.9; p < 0.001). The 20-year survivorship free of any reoperation was 73% (95% CI, 66% to 78%). There were 75 nonoperative complications (14%), including 32 dislocations. The mean Harris hip score significantly improved (p < 0.001) from 65 preoperatively to 81 at 10 years postoperatively.

Conclusions:

Contemporary aseptic revision THAs in patients ≤50 years of age demonstrated a re-revision risk of approximately 1 in 4 at 20 years. Dislocation, aseptic loosening of the femoral component, and PJI were the most common reasons for re-revision. Index revision THAs for dislocation had a 3 times higher risk of re-revision.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Mixed Methods Approach in Researching EFL Learners’ Motivation
Authors: Adara Reza Anggriyashati , Ahmad Ismail Sheikh , Victorynie Irnie
Published: April 2024

As mixed-method approach has gained renewed interests of researchers, a review toward the use of mixed-method to investigate EFL learners’ motivation will contribute as a help for future researchers. The present paper attempts to provide a systematic review by synthesizing research articles related to EFL learners’ motivation which used mixed-methods as their research approach. After screening 3,092 research articles on the aforementioned topic, 16 research articles were included into a final systematic map for analysis. An in-depth review shows that questionnaires and sequential explanatory approach are mostly used by the researchers to investigate EFL learners’ motivation.  Although selected studies were performed in different countries with diverse theoretical backgrounds, the majority of studies were directed toward university students, resulting in lack of studies on younger EFL learners. The implications for future studies are also discussed for the consideration of researchers in the near future.
Analysis of the Implementation of TQM (Total Quality Management) in the Sayang Warga Program’s Innovation (Case Study at the Kendangsari Subdistrict Office, Surabaya)
Authors: Hariyoko Yusuf , Ria Catur Ajeng Kartika , Nugraha Fransiskus Ari , Bella Vivtania Salsa
Published: April 2024

Sayang Warga is a population service program provided by the Population and Civil Registry Service of the City of Surabaya. This program emphasizes coordination and collaboration between parties from sub-districts and RWs. The aim of this research is to analyze the implementation of the Sayang Warga Program’s using TQM analysis. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The results show that Kendangsari Subdistrict, in implementing community care services, has implemented good leadership. Kendangsari Subdistrict carries out routine coordination and direction. The standard operating procedures (SOP) and output issued in the service are in line with expectations. Apart from that, the community's enthusiasm for serving citizens is also very large. What needs to be considered in this service are facilities and leadership whose achievements can be measured.
Transformation of Population Administration Services in Sidoarjo Regency
Authors: Mursyidah Lailul , Choiriyah Ilmi Usrotin , Agustina Isna Fitria
Published: April 2024

Quality public services are one of the benchmarks for the success of government implementation. One of the public services which is a basic service for the community is population administration services. To ensure the implementation of improvements in the quality of population administration services efficiently and effectively, orderly population administration and increasing the scope of ownership of population documents as well as improving service performance, the Sidoarjo Regency Population and Civil Registration Service has carried out various innovations in services. The method used in this article is through literature study by exploring various sources including journals, books, official documents, digital data and official news limited by the author from 2018 to 2024. Transformation of population administration services carried out by the Population and Registration Service Sidoarjo Regency's civil services include the Peduli Dilan program in 2019, Plavon (Online Service) Dukcapil in 2021, and Integrated Ball Pick-up in 2022. The transformation of population administration services carried out by the Sidoarjo Regency Population and Civil Registration Service is able to create effective and effective services. Efficient and increasing ownership of population administration documents for the people of Sidoarjo Regency.
Method for Pressure Relief in Deep Coal Mine Roadways Using Borehole Groups and Its Application to Guqiao Coal Mine
Authors: Li Yinyu , Qing Li , Kang Yongshui , Zhang Rui , Li Xiang , Liu Bin , Geng Zhi
Published: April 2024

With the increase in the mining depth of coal mines in China, the problem of large deformation of roadways owing to high-ground pressure has become prominent even under enhanced support systems. To reduce the high pressure on the surrounding rock, this study investigates a pressure-relief method for deep roadways using drilling borehole groups. Based on a deep roadway in the Huainan mining area of China, the influences of drilling parameters, such as borehole diameter, length, and arrangement were investigated. The results indicate that the fan-shaped arrangement of the borehole group can compensate for the dilatancy deformation of the surrounding rock. The peak stress of the surrounding rock is reduced and transferred to the inner part of the surrounding rock. Furthermore, a field experiment was conducted on an experimental roadway. The deformation of the roadway was monitored and compared with that of an adjacent roadway that did not apply the pressure-relief method. The monitoring results indicated that the deformation of the experimental roadway was significantly reduced.
Affective map of Rocas neighborhood – Natal, Brazil
Authors: De Lima Pereira Arthur Leonardo , Coradini Lisabete
Published: April 2024

This work, conducted at the Núcleo de Antropologia Visual (NAVIS/UFRN), aims to carry out an anthropological research to create an Affective Map of the Rocas neighborhood, located in the East Zone of Natal, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The affective map, guided by emotions, seeks to open spaces for counter-hegemonic narratives. The choice of the Rocas neighborhood follows previous research by NAVIS, which investigates tensions in the historic neighborhoods of Natal. For this work, we will use methods such as image capture, walks, assemblages, and (re)assemblages of maps. Thus, we position ourselves from knowledge that questions Eurocentric rationality, proposing confrontations to this unique, modern, capitalist, and Western episteme. The project seeks to diversify the ways of sharing results and contribute to a broader understanding of urban and visual experiences.
Invirtiendo la mirada
Authors: Escobar Hoyos Alejandro
Published: April 2024

Esta investigación analiza el trabajo fílmico y etnográfico compartido en la asociación de desplazados «Prédio Argentina» en el municipio de El Cairo (Valle del Cauca, Colombia). La investigación indaga mi relación desde la graduación con los hermanos Sánchez Javier y Andrés, quienes me invitaron a participar del documental Recampesinização (2018). Con el tiempo, esta relación se convierte en objeto de estudio para comprender el proceso de vuelta al campo y su representación en imágenes. También en este texto pensamos en el documental etnográfico Doña Consuelo (2023), el cual forma parte de una serie de trabajos que utilizan la imagen como estrategia para la producción, difusión y circulación de experiencias individuales y colectivas. Por tanto, la investigación piensa y moviliza reflexiones sobre el cine etnográfico, la lucha por la tierra y la antropología compartida. Igualmente reflexiona sobre invertir la mirada para que las propias personas puedan ser escuchadas, contar su historia, su forma de pensar, luchar y estar en el mundo.
A Comparative Study of Machining H13 Steel using different Flank Face Textured Coated Carbide and Ceramic Inserts
Authors: Choudhury Arunabh , Sarma Deba Kumar , Rajbongshi Sanjib Kr
Published: April 2024

Tool life is an important criterion in machining. So, to improve the tool life considering the flank wear, a novel technique of surface texturing is implemented on the flank face of the cutting tool. Two different types of textures viz. dot textures (DT) and groove textures (GT) perpendicular to the cutting edge are fabricated on the flank face of the ceramic and coated carbide tool using micro-electric discharge (µ-EDM) machining. Machining is then carried out on hardened H13 steel with both textured and non-textured (NT) tools. The machining performances are considered as surface roughness, flank wear and cutting temperature which are compared for both coated carbide and the ceramic tool for DT GT and NT. The surface roughness and flank wears during machining with DT are found lesscompared to GT and NT tools for both ceramic and coated carbide. Other hand, surface roughness and flank wears are found less in ceramic tool machining compared to coated carbide tool machining for textured as well as non-textured. The temperature generated at the tool-workpiece interface is higher for the ceramic tool machined surface reveals the formation of white layer which is found more for ceramic tool in terms of thickness and its micro-hardness. The surface produced during machining by textured and non-textured ceramic tool is more lustrous as compared to textured and non-textured coated carbide tool.
Delphi hackathon – a new approach to develop Core Outcome Sets for blood cancers
Authors: Lang Katharina Maria , de Waal Ellen , Bereczky Tamás , Dawoud Dalia , Geissler Jan , Bolanos Natacha , Sanz Guillermo , Guillevic Yann , Rivas Jesus Maria Hernandez , Berg Linda van den , Barbus Martje , Schulze-Rath Renate , Bullinger Lars
Published: April 2024

Background
The Delphi technique is a well-known and accepted method to reach consensus. However, major challenges in Delphi studies include recruiting suitable participants and avoiding a loss of participants between survey rounds. To mitigate these challenges, we developed a virtual “Delphi hackathon” as a new method to conduct Delphi studies. We have used this new approach to develop Core Outcome Sets (COS) for hematologic malignancies within the scope of the HARMONY PLUS project - as part of the HARMONY Alliance,a public-private European Network established in 2017, which currently includes 53 partners and 76 associated members from 26 countries.
Methods
In the style of a classic hackathon, known from software development, we organized two virtual meetings where all participants simultaneously participated in two rounds of online Delphi surveys, followed by a third virtual meeting to reach final consensus. Recruitment of participants was done by advertising and providing information via the HARMONY Alliance communication team and patient umbrella organizations.
Discussion
Big challenges seen in previous Delphi surveys such as difficulties in the recruitment of the various stakeholders to participate in Delphi surveys and their continued support over consecutive Delphi rounds could be favourably addressed by our new Delphi hackathon approach, which showed superior results both with regard to recruitment and continuous support of participants.
The SHOW RESPECT adaptable framework of considerations for planning how to share trial results with participants, based on qualitative findings from trial participants and site staff
Authors: South Annabelle , Snowdon Claire , Burnett Eva , Bierer Barbara E. , Gillies Katie , Isaacs Talia , Sydes Matthew R.
Published: April 2024

Background: Sharing trial results with participants is a moral imperative, but too often does not happen in appropriate ways.
Methods: We carried out semi-structured interviews with patients (n=13) and site staff (n=11) who were part of the Show RESPECT study, which tested approaches to sharing results with participants in the context of the ICON8 ovarian cancer trial (ISRCTN10356387). Data were analysed thematically, and findings used to develop the SHOW RESPECT adaptable framework of considerations for planning how to share trial results with participants. This paper presents the framework, with illustrations drawn from the Show RESPECT study.
Results: Our adaptable “SHOW RESPECT” framework covers: 1) Supporting and preparing trial participants to receive results 2) HOw will the results reach participants? 3) Who are the trial participants? 4) REsults – what do they show? 5) Special considerations 6) Provider – who will share results with participants? 7) Expertise and resources 8) Communication tools 9) Timing of sharing results. While the data upon which the framework is based come from a single trial, many of our findings are corroborated by findings from other studies in this area, supporting the transferability of our framework to trials beyond the UK ovarian cancer setting in which our work took place.
Conclusions: This adaptable “SHOW RESPECT” framework can guide researchers as they plan how to share aggregate trial results with participants. While our data are drawn from a single trial context, the findings from Show RESPECT illustrate how approaches to communication in a specific trial can influence patient and staff experiences of feedback of trial results. The framework generated from these findings can be adapted to fit different trial contexts and used by other researchers to plan the sharing of results with their own participants.
Trial registration: ISRCTN96189403
Show RESPECT was supported by the Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12023/24 and MC_UU_00004/08) and the NIHR CRN.
The therapeutic potential of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOC) in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Wang Yi , Cao Min , Qin Qin , Zhao Yanshuang , Zhao Wei , Wang Hailian , Zhang Jinming , Song Siyuan , Huang Xiaobo
Published: April 2024

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is an unrelenting and progressive lung disorder characterized by the unchecked accumulation of fibrotic tissue within the lung parenchyma, leading to substantial deterioration in pulmonary function and overall survival rates. The complexity of IPF's etiology and the limited efficacy of current treatment modalities underline the critical need for innovative therapeutic strategies. This research assesses the therapeutic viability of Hemoglobin-based Oxygen Carriers (HBOCs) in moderating the severity of pulmonary fibrosis and enhancing oxygenation within a bleomycin-induced IPF mouse model. By focusing on the administration of HBOCs, we meticulously examined their impact on various crucial parameters, including pulmonary function, the extent of fibrotic tissue deposition, inflammatory response, and survival probabilities. The results from our study unequivocally demonstrate that HBOC treatment not only significantly curtails the progression of pulmonary fibrosis but also markedly improves arterial oxygen saturation and diminishes the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the affected mice. These encouraging outcomes underscore HBOCs' potential as an innovative and effective therapeutic avenue for IPF, presenting opportunities to substantially elevate patient well-being and quality of life. Consequently, this investigation adds valuable insights to the accumulating evidence in favor of employing oxygen therapeutic solutions in the management of fibrotic lung conditions and strongly advocates for the continuation of clinical trials to corroborate these promising effects in the context of human IPF.
Experiences of Patients with Endometriosis with a Digital Health Application - a Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Zugaj Marco , Germeyer Ariane , Kranz Karina , Züger Andrea , Keßler Jens
Published: April 2024

Backround
Endometriosis is a frequent disease in women of reproductive age in which the endometrium occurs outside the uterine cavity. Multimodal treatment approaches are necessary due to loss of quality of live and the chronic nature of the disease. Digital health applications (DiGa) are becoming increasingly important. This research project investigates how a healthcare app can influence the subjective experience of illness in patients with endometriosis.
Methods
Empiric data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was carried out using qualitative focussed interview analysis. Reliability was ensured by joint interdisciplinary and interprofessional evaluation of the interviews by experts and those affected.
Results
10 patients with endometriosis and the prescribed healthcare app Endo-App© were examined. Categories were defined from the superordinate categories “Factors influencing the experience of illness” and "Evaluation of the app". The app provided reliable information, promoted self-efficacy through exercises and strengthened the perception of the individuality of the illness. It helped to minimise nocebo effects from internet research and enabled a positive change of perspective. Patients criticised the time required for data input and had data protection concerns. The educational elements were often seen as redundant. Some patients only used the app briefly, or not at all.
Conclusion
Once a DiGa has been prescribed, it may be useful to explain its use on an outpatient basis and validate regular use. Blind re-prescribing of DiGas should be avoided. Younger patients with a recent diagnosis or patients following rehabilitation may benefit more from prescribing.
Bulk and single-cell transcriptional profiles reveal roles of fibroblasts and immunocytes in pan-cancer progression
Authors: Sun Yan , Song Bin , Yu Qichao , Yang Huanming , Dong Wei
Published: April 2024

Tumors carry various dysregulated genes, of which many are found to be related to the overall survival of patients. These dysregulated genes are usually identified by bulk transcriptional comparison between tumors and their matching non-tumor tissues. However, because tumor tissues usually contain stromal cells in addition to cancer cells, it remains unclear whether the stromal cells within tumors also carry dysregulated genes. Here, to address this question, we combine bulk and single-cell gene expression data of tumor, adjacent and non-tumor tissues from 7 organs to explore the molecular and cellular mechanism of cancer progression. We found that fibroblasts within tumors across 7 cancer types commonly carry multiple dysregulated genes related to the overall survival of patients. Cell-cell communication analysis revealed significant interactions between cytotoxic immune cells and cancer fibroblasts through the PARs pathway, and self-activation of cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) via the PERIOSTIN pathway in pan-cancer. We also identified Colon cancer specific cycling B cells, which influence patients’ survival. Our study provides potential targets for pan-cancer therapy.
Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the perioperative outcomes of maternal and neonatal prognosis: A propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Yan Feiyi , Wang Jing , Liang Zhuwei , Han Ruquan , Ma Jiajia
Published: April 2024

Introduction:We conducted this study to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 infection on maternal and neonatal prognosis.
Methods: We retrospectively collected data on mothers who underwent emergency cesarean section and their neonates from October 2022 to December 2022. Data on demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and perioperative maternal and neonatal outcomes were collected. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed with whether the parturient women were infected with COVID-19 (tested positive and combined with at least one of the clinical symptoms related to COVID-19 infectionwas defined as positive, vs tested negative was defined as negative). Outcomes were compared between positive and negative groups.
Results: The study finally consisted of 58 parturient women (n= 29, positive; n = 29, negative). The anaesthesia satisfaction score and postoperative recovery quality score (QoR-15) of the noninfected parturient women group were higher (10 vs 10, P=0.005 and 144 vs 148, P=0.029, respectively). There was a lower incidence of fetal distress in noninfected newborns (17.24% vs 44.83%, OR=3.9, 95% CI 1.163-13.078, P=0.023).
Conclusion: Infection with COVID-19 combined with related clinical symptoms could reduce maternal satisfaction with anaesthesia, postoperative recovery quality scores and with potential increasing risk of fetal distress, but it had no clear impact on neonatal development.
The unique presentation of the relationship between red blood cell folate and appendicular skeletal muscle mass: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Liangchuan , Peng Yating , Kong Yuan , Zhang Xue , Li Zetian , Jia Hong
Published: April 2024

The overconsumption of folic acid has been associated with deleterious health effects; however, the extant body of research on this matter remains controversial. The principal objective of our investigation was to scrutinize the correlation between red blood cell (RBC) folate levels and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) among adult individuals. A total of 4117 adults aged over 20 years were included. The weighted prevalence of low muscle mass status (LMMS) was 14.50%. The dose-response relationship between RBC folate and ASM showed an inverted U-shaped curve. When the RBC folate concentration is below 500 nmol/L, ASM increases with increasing RBC folate concentration. However, when the RBC folate level exceeds 500 nmol/L, ASM decreases with increased RBC folate level. After correcting multiple confounding factors, a positive correlation was found between RBC folate and LMMS (p < 0.001). Compared with the RBC folate first quartile, the multivariable-adjusted ORs and 95% CIs of the second quartile, third quartile, and highest quartile were 1.08(0.81–1.44), 1.06(0.79–1.43), and 1.96(1.47–2.61), respectively. Our research suggested that excessive levels of RBC folate increase the risk of LMMS in adults. Thus, being more cautious when considering folic acid supplementation is recommended.
Effect of acid-suppressive drugs on endoscopic transmural drainage of peripancreatic fluid collections - A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Yaoting , Yu Tingting , Hou Senlin , zhang Wei , Du Haiming , Hou Yankun , Tian Jiao , Zhang Lichao
Published: April 2024

Background
Acid-suppressing drugs affect intestinal microbes by inhibiting the secretion of stomach acid. However, it is not clear whether acid suppressive drugs affect the microorganisms in the peripancreatic effusion and affect the postoperative complications.
Methods
This study was a prospective randomized controlled trial. A total of 45 patients were enrolled in the trial, and all patients were divided into acid-inhibited and non-inhibited groups. The primary endpoint of our study was to observe the difference of microbiota in the two groups of cyst fluid.
Results
A total of 25 patients were included in the acid-inhibited group and 20 patients were included in the non-acid-inhibited group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of postoperative infection, bleeding, and recurrence rates (p > 0.05). In terms of postoperative C-reactive protein levels, the acid-suppressing group was significantly higher than the non-acid-suppressing group (p < 0.05). In the 16S microbial sequencing analysis, we found no significant difference in α diversity between the antibiotic group and the non-antibiotic group, but there was a statistically significant difference in β diversity between the two groups
Conclusion
Acid-suppressing drugs can change the microbial composition of pancreatic effusions and increase markers of postoperative inflammation. Acid-suppressive drugs may increase the potential infection after endoscopic drainage.
Safety of rituximab biosimilar (Riximyo®) following a single switch from the reference product in patients with Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Song Nina K , Musa Hala , Soriano Michael , Hibbs David E , Ramzan Iqbal , Ong Jennifer Ai
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Unlike small molecule drugs and generic products, the active component of biologics and biosimilars are not identical chemical entities. Despite bioequivalence, there is limited evidence in clinical practice (i.e. Phase IV post-marketing surveillance) regarding the safety of biosimilar rituximab and even less so for “switching therapy” with respect to safety, Drug substitution by switching aims to realise cost savings by changing therapy involving a reference (biologic) product to a biosimilar.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of safety outcomes including treatment-emergent adverse effects (TEAEs), rates of death and discontinuation of therapy, for all patients that received switching therapy (from reference to biosimilar rituximab, n=33) was compared to patients who did not did not switch therapy (received biosimilar rituximab only, n=18) at an Australian metropolitan cancer centre, over a six-month period.
Results: There was no statistical significant differences for any safety outcomes examined.
Conclusions: Switching therapy for patients receiving rituximab does not lead to poorer safety outcomes.
Remote delivery of post-graduate allied health professional prescribing education: A survey of the student experience
Authors: George Leslie , Collins Shane
Published: April 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a rapid transition of many educational courses to an online delivery model which has not been fully investigated in relation to the student experience. The aim of this study was to explore the learning experience of postgraduate allied health professionals enrolled on an online prescribing programme at an institution within Northern Ireland. A mixed methods cross-sectional survey of postgraduate AHP prescribing students who had undertaken online learning and assessment during the COVID-19 pandemic was carried out. The survey was distributed to 120 students with 51 responses received resulting in a response rate of 42.5%.
There was no statistically significant relationship identified between previous student experience of online learning and overall satisfaction with the current postgraduate programme. Thematic analysis revealed that 82% of respondents described their experience as excellent or very good. Flexibility was highlighted as key factor in student satisfaction allowing materials to be rewatched at preferred times. 80% of respondents answered that they preferred the flipped approach versus live synchronous activities and thematic analysis highlighted that this enhanced the student learning experience. However, a strong theme of social isolation emerged as a significant inhibitor in relation to the student experience and needs to be addressed in future online post-graduate programme delivery.
Colorectal cancer: Identifying molecular subtypes and establishment ofing a novel prognostic model based on metabolic plasticity- and ferroptosis-related gene signatures
Authors: Guan Jingwen , Min Simin , Xia Yan , Guo Zhiguo , Zhou Xiaolan
Published: April 2024

Metabolic plasticity and ferroptosis are essential for colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. The effects and prognostic value of metabolic plasticity- and ferroptosis-related genes (MPFRGs) in CRC remain unclear. We established a prognostic model for CRC patients by identifying important genes in metabolic plasticity and ferroptosis. Data of CRC patients were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus; MPFRG data were obtained from GeneCards and FerrDb. We performed functional (to explore differences between the two metabolic subtypes) and single-sample gene set (to assess the immune environment) enrichment analyses. Immunophenotype, tumor immunological dysfunction, and exclusion scores were assessed to determine patient’s immune responses. A least absolute shrinkage and selection operator-Cox regression model comprising 10 significant differentially expressed genes of metabolic plasticity and ferroptosis (MPFDEGs) was constructed using TCGA training cohort and validated using the GSE17536 and GSE39582 datasets. We established a nomogram comprising metabolic plasticity- and ferroptosis-based signatures, revealing the clinical application and potential molecular mechanisms underlying the role of MPFRGs in CRC. Our model (developed based on 10 MPFDEGs) is efficient for calculating the overall survival of CRC patients. Our findings provide new strategies for the clinical management and individualized treatment of CRC patients.
Influence of habitat management and selected environmental parameters on the ground-living communities of harvestmen (Opiliones) in the historical park in Rusovce (Slovakia)
Authors: Litavský Juraj , Majzlan Oto , Langraf Vladimír , Žarnovičan Hubert
Published: April 2024

This study explores the diversity and dynamics of harvestman (Opiliones) communities in the historical park in Rusovce, situated in the southwestern part of Bratislava (Slovakia). Seven study sites were investigated, representing areas subjected to different management practices. The research was conducted from March 2019 to April 2020, using pitfall traps. In total, 2,291 harvestman individuals belonging to 13 species and 4 families were captured. The eudominant species included Nemastoma bidentatum sparsum (Gruber & Martens, 1968), Nelima sempronii Szalay, 1951, and Oligolophus tridens (Koch, 1836). Temperature, both soil and air, emerged as significant factor affecting the spatial structure of harvestman species. The study revealed the response of specific harvestman species to temperature variations, emphasizing the importance of microclimatic conditions. Environmental variables, such as plant species richness in the shrub layer, stand canopy of herb and shrub vegetation layers, and the age of the forest stands, were identified as key factors influencing the dispersal of harvestman species. Furthermore, management practices, especially the presence of invasive plant species and monoculture forests, significantly affected the species composition of harvestmen. Our findings contribute valuable information about the complex interaction between harvestman (Opiliones) communities and environmental factors, habitat characteristics, and management practices. Observing the sensitivity of Opiliones, as important bioindicators, to these factors is crucial for implementing effective conservation strategies in urban green spaces as well as anthropogenically influenced ecosystems.
Constructing magneto-dielectric dual absorption performance of epoxy based nanocomposites filled with polyaniline-manganese zinc ferrite
Authors: Pratap Vivek , Chaurasia A. K. , Shukla Mani , Baskey H. B. , Dubey Ashish , Dixit A. K. , Dwivedi Mayank , Nath Ravindra
Published: April 2024

In this study, we investigate the microwave absorbing properties of epoxy based nanocomposites incorporated with polyaniline-manganese zinc ferrite (PAni-MZF) as hybrid active fillers. Carbonaceous materials due to their high conductivity and weight ratio have emerged as a potential class of electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials while ferrimagnetic materials have unique properties like; magneto crystalline anisotropic and magnetic permeability. Consequently, constructed nanocomposites capable of efficient absorption and shielding to electromagnetic radiation are of paramount importance for electronic and communication applications. Synthesized PAni and MZF nano-fillers have been dispersed with 1.9, 2.4 and 2.9 weight percentages for a series of PAni / MZF-epoxy nano-composites. Synthesized PAni has been characterized for phase and surface morphology using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Field emission electron microscope (FESEM) respectively. On the other hand, prepared nano-composites were characterized for structural, magnetic and electromagnetic (EM) absorbing properties using FESEM, Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and vector network analyzer (VNA). The combination of magneto-dielectric characteristics has shown the synergetic effect, leading to improved EM absorbing properties for the X Band frequency domains. Constructed nanocomposite’s properties have been demonstrating remarkable reflection loss. Consequently, designed absorbers hold significant application in the EMI shielding, aerospace industries and suppressing of radar signatures.
Higher fraction of inspired oxygen during anesthesia increase the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Tianzhu , Zhao Weixing , Ma Libin , Wu Jing , Ma Xiaojing , Cao Jiangbei , Lou Jingsheng , Mi Weidong , Zhang Changsheng
Published: April 2024

Objective
The ideal intraoperative inspired oxygen concentration remains controversial. We aimed to investigate the association between the level of intraoperative fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) and the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.
Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of elderly patients with non-cardiac surgery between April 2020 and January 2022. According to the intraoperative FiO2, patients were divided into low (≤ 60%) and high (> 60%) FiO2 groups. The primary outcome was the incidence of a composite pulmonary complications (PPCs) within 7 days postoperatively. Propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) were used to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups. The odds ratio (OR) of FiO2 and PPCs was calculated using multivariate logistic regression analysis.
Results
Of the 3515 patients included, with a median age of 70 years (interquartile range: 68, 74), 492 (14%) patients experienced PPCs within the first 7 postoperative days. Elevated FiO2 was associated with an increased risk of PPCs in all logistic regression models. The OR of FiO2 > 60% group was 1.252 (95%CI 1.015–1.551, P = 0.038) in the univariate analysis. The ORs for the FiO2 > 60% group were 1.259 (model 2), 1.314 (model 3) and 1.32 (model 4) in the multivariate logistic regression models. While a balanced covariate distribution between the two groups were created after using PSM or IPTW, the correlation between an elevated FiO2 and an increased risk of PPCs remained significantly, PSM analysis (OR: 1.393; 95% CI:1.077–1.804, P = 0.012), and IPTW analysis (OR: 1.266; 95% CI: 1.086–1.476; P = 0.003).
Conclusions
High intraoperative FiO2 (> 60%) was associated with the postoperative occurrence of pulmonary complication independently of predefined risk factors in elderly non-cardiothoracic surgery patients. The application of high intraoperative FiO2 should be cautious in surgical patients vulnerable to PPCs.
"Addressing Barriers to Post-Graduate Research Training in Low Resource Settings: An Innovative Approach in an Institution of Higher Learning in Kenya"
Authors: Mwangi Eunice Muthoni , Iseme-Ondiek Rosebella Alungata , Riang’a Roselyter M. , Orwa James , Njenga Kennedy , Ngugi Anthony K
Published: April 2024

Background: Numerous barriers hinder health research training in Post-Graduate Medical Education Programs, especially in developing countries. These barriers include lack of structured research curriculum, insufficient research faculty, underdeveloped research culture, conflicting priorities between clinical duties and research, limited guidance and mentorship, and scarce financial resources. Research training is pivotal for medical residency, providing essential knowledge and skills for dissertation completion, fostering evidence-based medical practice, and nurturing future independent clinical researchers. Thus, a holistic approach to research education is imperative to surmount these challenges. We describe here a dissertation-centric research curriculum, delivered longitudinally, an innovative strategy undertaken by Aga Khan University’s Medical College in East Africa (AKU-MCEA) in the delivery of postgraduate research.
Methods: A review of AKU-MCEA post-graduate research methods curriculum was conducted based on implementing Departments’ experience, institutional policies, and residency program output.
Program Implementation: The Master of Medicine is a four-year program for which a well-conceived, executed, and documented dissertation research is a requisite for attaining a postgraduate degree. Residents undergo comprehensive research training under a structured curriculum comprising four modules, aligned with predefined research milestones. Interactive didactic sessions supplemented by faculty-led workshops facilitate individual, small group, and plenary engagement, aiding mentored research application. Residents benefit from dedicated time throughout the program to develop, implement, and report on their dissertation work. Faculty members receive training in dissertation supervision from seasoned experts, ensuring residents are guided by faculty with expertise in producing publication-quality research.
Outcomes: This approach has resulted in a 98% - 100% dissertation completion and graduation rates. Residents’ research topics are drawn from a range of themes. Research findings are disseminated departmentally, at university-wide Faculty Academic Rounds, peer reviewed journals, conferences and at the University’s Annual Early Career Researchers symposium.
Lessons learnt: Implementing a system-wide strategy that involves a structured research curriculum delivered longitudinally alongside predetermined research milestones, facilitated by a multidisciplinary team comprising of dedicated supervisors, provision of financial and resource support, including protected research time, ongoing faculty development in dissertation supervision, and wide dissemination of institutional research policies, is poised to expedite dissertation completion, ensuring high quality research whilst enhancing the dissemination of research outputs.
Expression profiling of galactinol synthase genes in Coffea arabica L. in response to Hemileia vastatrix infection
Authors: Santos Tiago Benedito dos , Yaguinuma Diliane Harumi , Baba Viviane Yumi , de Oliveira Fernanda Freitas , Ivamoto Suzana Tiemi , Tomaz Juarez Pires , Petkowicz Carmen Lucia Oliveira , Domingues Douglas Silva , Pereira Luiz Filipe Protasio , Braghini Masako Toma , Vieira Luiz Gonzaga Esteves
Published: April 2024

Galactinol synthase (GolS; EC 2.4.1.123) is an enzyme that plays crucial roles in various plant species under different stress conditions. Few studies have evaluated the expression of the galactinol synthase (GolS) gene under biotic stress conditions. Here, we report the transcriptional profiles of galactinol synthase genes (CaGolS) and RFOs (Raffinose Family of Oligosaccharides) abundance in two contrasting cultivars of Coffea arabica L. (IAPAR59, resistant and Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99, susceptible) infected with Hemileia vastatrix (coffee leaf rust), one of the most destructive fungal diseases in coffee crops worldwide. RT-qPCR results showed distinct transcriptional regulation of three CaGolS genes in leaves infected with H. vastatrix race II at 0, 12, 24, and 48 h post-inoculation. CaGolS1 was upregulated (12 and 24 h) in response to the pathogen infection in the susceptible genotype, while CaGolS2 was downregulated in both genotypes at all sampling times, notably in the susceptible one. CaGolS3 showed a very weak expression level in the leaves of the susceptible genotype. The findings of this study justify further research into the association of RFOs with the response of Arabica coffee plants to H. vastatrix infection using a large panel of resistant and susceptible genotypes.
Comprehensive Analysis of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Related signature in Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma
Authors: Miao Yu , Chen Qiaorong , Liu Xinyu , Bu Jian , Zhang Zhuoqi , Liu Tongjing , Yue Zhenjie , Huang Lizhen , Sun Shuaishuai , Li Hao , Yang Ankui , Yang Zhongyuan , Chen Cuifang
Published: April 2024

Background/Aim: Head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSC) is a prevalent malignant disease, with the majority of patients being diagnosed at an advanced stage. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is considered to be a process that promotes tumorigenesis and impacts the tumor microenvironment (TME) in various cancers. The study aims to investigate the predictive value of ERS in HNSC and explore the correlation between ERS-related genes and TME.Materials and
Methods: A series of bioinformatics analyses were carried out based on mRNA and scRNA-seq data from the TCGA and GEO databases. We conducted RT-qPCR and western blot to validate the signature, and performed cell functional experiments to investigate the in vitro biological functions of the gene.
Results: We identified 63 ERS-related genes that were associated with outcome and stage in HNSC. A three-gene signature (ATF6, TRIB3, and UBXN6) was developed, which presents predictive value in the prognosis and immunotherapy response of HNSC patients. The high-risk group exhibited a worse prognosis but may benefit from immunotherapy. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between the signature and immune infiltration. In the high-risk group, fibroblasts were more active in intercellular communication, and more T cells were observed at the end of the sequential phase. The genes in the ERS-related signature were overexpressed in HNSC cells, and the knockdown of TRIB3 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and migration.
Conclusion: This study established a novel ERS-related signature that has potential implications for HNSC therapy and the understanding of TME.
Functional Gene Signature Offers a Powerful Tool for Characterizing Clinicopathological Features and Depicting Tumor Immune Microenvironment of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Zhu Ziyan , Li Jikun , Fa Zhenzhong , Xu Xuezhong , Wang Yue , Zhou Jie , Xu Yixin
Published: April 2024

Background: Colorectal cancer, a prevalent malignancy worldwide, poses a significant challenge due to the lack of effective prognostic tools. In this study, we aimed to develop a functional gene signature to stratify colorectal cancer patients into different groups with distinct characteristics, which will greatly facilitate disease prediction.
Results: Patients could be stratified into high- and low-risk groups using the prediction model built based on the functional gene signature. This innovative approach not only predicts clinicopathological features but also reveals the tumor immune microenvironment types and responses to immunotherapy. The study reveals that patients in the high-risk group exhibit poorer pathological features, including invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis, as well as unfavorable survival outcomes in terms of overall survival and disease-free survival. The underlying mechanisms for these observations are attributed to upregulated tumor-related signaling pathways, increased infiltration of pro-tumor immune cells, decreased infiltration of anti-tumor immune cells, and a lower tumor mutation burden. Consequently, patients in the high-risk group exhibit a diminished response to immunotherapy. Furthermore, the high-risk group demonstrates enrichment in extracellular matrix-related functions and significant infiltration of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Single-cell transcriptional data analysis identifies CAFs as the primary cellular type expressing hub genes, namely ACTA2, TPM2, MYL9, and TAGLN. This finding is further validated through multiple approaches, including mIHC (multiplex immunohistochemistry), PCR (polymerase chain reaction), and western blot analysis. Notably, TPM2 emerges as a potential biomarker for identifying CAFs in colorectal cancer, distinguishing them from both colorectal cancer cell lines and normal colon epithelial cell lines. Co-culture of CAFs and colorectal cancer cells identified that CAFs could enhance the tumorigenic biofunctions of cancer cells indirectly, which could be partially inhibited by knocking down CAF original TPM2 expression.
Conclusions: This study introduces a functional gene signature that effectively and reliably predicts clinicopathological features and the tumor immune microenvironment in colorectal cancer. Moreover, the identification of TPM2 as a potential biomarker for CAFs holds promising implications for future research and clinical applications in the field of colorectal cancer.
Growth promotion and modulation of the soybean microbiome INTACTA RR PRO TM with the application of the fungi Trichoderma harzianum and Purpureocillum lilacinum
Authors: Rigobelo Everlon Cid , Carvalho Lucas Amoroso Lopes , Santos Carlos Henrique Barbosa , Frezarin Edvan Teciano , Pinheiro Daniel Guariz , Nicodemo Daniel , Babalola Olubukola Oluranti , Desoignies Nicolas
Published: April 2024

Soybean is a crop of great economic importance for animal and human nutrition. Currently, there is a lack of information on the effects of the fungi Trichoderma harzianum and Purpureocillum lilacinum on the INTACTA RR PRO TM transgenic soybean plants. The present study evaluated the application of the fungi T. harzianum and P. lilacinum under pot and field conditions. Under pot conditions, there were no significant differences in most of the parameters evaluated or in the abundance of the microbiota in the roots. However, under field conditions, the results showed a significant increase in soybean yield at 423. kg. ha − 1 with the application of P. lilacinum compared to the control treatment. In addition, the application of P. lilacinum promoted a significant increase in phosphorus levels in the aerial part, and there were significant correlations between the increase in taxon abundance for the genus Erwinia and productivity and the average phosphorus and nitrogen contents for the aerial part, for the taxon Bacillus and nitrogen content and productivity, and for the taxon Sphingomonas and nitrogen content. The Bradyrhizobium taxon was identified in the P. lilacinum treatment as a linking taxon linking two different networks of taxon and showing itself as an important taxon in the microbiota. The results show that the application of the fungus P. lilacinum can increase the productivity of the soybean INTACTA RR PRO TM and that this increase in productivity may be a function of the modulation of the microbiota composition of the plants leaves by P. lilacinum effect.