bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avaliação do comportamento odontológico infantil durante procedimentos de profilaxia e exodontia
Authors: Pezzini Soares Josiane , Piaia Jéssica , Cardoso Mariane , Bolan Michele
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Avaliar o comportamento infantil durante os tratamentos odontológicos de profilaxia e de exodontia.

Métodos: Este estudo transversal contou com 58 crianças, entre 6 e 9 anos de idade. Dentre essas, 29 crianças foram submetidas ao procedimento de exodontia e 29 ao procedimento de profilaxia. O comportamento infantil frente ao tratamento odontológico proposto foi avaliado por um cirurgião-dentista treinado através da versão brasileira e validada da Escala Comportamental de Venham (Venham’s Behavior Rating Scale (BvVBRS). Avaliou-se também a ansiedade infantil prévia ao tratamento odontológico através da Venham Picture Test modificada (VPTm). A condição bucal foi avaliada pelo índice CPO-D e ceo-d, por pesquisador previamente calibrado (Kappa > 0,7). Os pais/responsáveis responderam a um questionário socioeconômico e questões relacionadas a experiência odontológica prévia das crianças. Realizou-se análise descritiva e teste Qui-quadrado com nível de significância de 5%.

Resultados: Em relação ao comportamento o grupo submetido à profilaxia apresentou 100% das crianças com um comportamento positivo, enquanto no grupo submetido à exodontia houve 75,9% das crianças com comportamento positivo (p = 0,010). Idade, gênero e presença de ansiedade prévia aos procedimentos não tiveram relação estatisticamente significante com o comportamento infantil. A presença de cárie na dentição decídua esteve associada ao comportamento negativo durante os procedimentos odontológicos (p = 0,013).

Conclusão: Foi observado que durante o procedimento de profilaxia os pacientes demonstraram um comportamento mais colaborador quando comparado ao procedimento de exodontia.

Descritores: Comportamento infantil. Ansiedade ao tratamento odontológico. Profilaxia dentária. Extração dentária.
diversidades socioeconômico-culturais e a saúde bucal: representações do processo saúde-doença de usuários das clínicas da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Pará
Authors: Emmi Danielle Tupinambá , Rodrigues Fabienne de Freitas , Araújo Marizeli Viana de Aragão , Barroso Regina Fátima Feio
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Identificar o perfil socioeconômico-cultural, as representações do processo saúde-doença e as expectativas e satisfação dos usuários das clínicas da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Pará (FO-UFPA) quanto ao atendimento ofertado.

Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado com 170 usuários que procuravam/aguardavam atendimento na FO-UFPA nos meses de abril e maio de 2019. Foi utilizado um questionário semiestruturado contendo perguntas abertas e fechadas, aplicados por uma única pesquisadora. Os dados coletados foram analisados de forma qualitativa e quantitativa. As respostas às questões abertas foram transformadas em categorias para serem analisadas de forma descritiva e por meio da associação de variáveis utilizando o teste de Contigência C, no programa BioEstat 5.5 com nível de significância α = 0,05.

Resultados: Quanto ao perfil dos usuários constatou-se que a maioria é do sexo feminino (70,6%), de 36 a 59 anos (55,9%), heterossexual (96,5%), pardo (70,6%), evangélico (47,0%), com renda de até 2 salários mínimos (48,8%) e com ensino médio completo (40,6%). Constatou-se que a escolaridade tem associação com as representações do processo saúde-doença, assim como, a faixa etária está associada às percepções e satisfação com relação ao serviço ofertado nas clínicas de ensino da FO-UFPA. Quanto à satisfação ao atendimento recebido nas clínicas, 48,2% dos entrevistados se declarou satisfeito ou muito satisfeito (45,3%).

Conclusão: As clínicas da FO-UFPA são procuradas por diferentes grupos socioeconômico-culturais, com representações e definições limitadas do processo saúde-doença. Há expectativas positivas e satisfação com o atendimento recebido.

Descritores: Determinantes sociais da saúde. Processo saúde-doença. Diversidade cultural. Satisfação do paciente. Promoção da saúde.
Disfunção temporomandibular e hábitos parafuncionais em policiais militares: um estudo transversal
Authors: Sarrazin Hingrid , Maia Paulo
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência e o grau de gravidade da DTM em policiais militares e analisar a associação entre DTM e hábitos parafuncionais.

Métodos: Realizou-se uma pesquisa transversal com abordagem quantitativa. A amostra foi composta por 255 policiais militares, com idade entre 20 a 53 anos, de ambos os gêneros, nos estados do Maranhão, Pará e Tocantins. Foram utilizados três questionários para avaliar variáveis de caracterização amostral, prevalência e gravidade da DTM e hábitos parafuncionais. Os questionários foram enviados por plataforma eletrônica (Google Forms). Foram utilizados o teste qui-quadrado de Pearson ou o teste Exato de Fisher e Odds Ratio.

Resultados: Observou-se a presença da Disfunção Temporomandibular em 66,3% dos pesquisados, dos quais 40,4% apresentaram a disfunção no grau leve, 21,6% no grau moderado e 4,3% no grau grave. Houve associação significativa entre os hábitos parafuncionais de ranger e apertar dentes, roer unhas, morder objetos, morder bochecha, mastigar e dormir de um lado só e apoiar a mão da mandíbula com a DTM (p < 0,05). A gravidade leve não apresentou associação estatisticamente significativa com os hábitos, apenas os graus moderado e grave.

Conclusão: Concluiu-se que 66,3% dos pesquisados apresentaram DTM, sendo maior a prevalência do grau leve e houve associação entre a DTM e os hábitos parafuncionais, com exceção aos de mascar chiclete e chupar dedo.

Descritores: Síndrome da disfunção da articulação temporomandibular. Índice de gravidade de doença. Polícia.
Neoplasias orofaciais em crianças e adolescentes
Authors: Mota dos S. Gurgel Bárbara Caroline , Cézar Leal da Silva Leonel Augusto , Da Cruz Perez Danyel Elias , Freire Lisboa de Castro4 Jurema , De Amorim Carvalho Elaine Judite
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Este trabalho analisou os casos de neoplasias orofaciais em crianças e adolescentes, diagnosticadas pelo Laboratório de Patologia Oral da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco no período de março de 2000 a março de 2019.

Métodos: Tratou-se de um estudo retrospectivo das neoplasias mais prevalentes diagnosticada no serviço. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados através do programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) na versão 24.0.

Resultados: Dos 6.766 casos diagnosticados, 101 foram de neoplasias, destes 52,5% foram no sexo feminino. A média de idade entre os pacientes foi de 12,6 anos. Em relação ao tipo de biópsia, a excisional foi mais prevalente e em 71,3% dos casos os diagnósticos histopatológicos confirmaram as hipóteses diagnósticas clínicas. A neoplasia benigna não odontogênica mais comum foi o papiloma oral com 30 casos (29,7%). Entre os tumores benignos de origem odontogênica, os odontomas foram os mais prevalentes com 16 casos (15,8%). Foram diagnosticados apenas dois tipos de neoplasias malignas: o carcinoma adenoide cístico e o leiomiossarcoma.

Conclusão: Levantamentos epidemiológicos de lesões orofaciais são importantes para determinar a sua prevalência, além de contribuir com a determinação das características na população estudada, fornecendo ao cirurgião-dentista uma base sólida para o diagnóstico e manejo clínico das neoplasias nesses indivíduos.

Descritores: Epidemiologia. Diagnóstico. Neoplasias. Criança.
Análise das exodontias realizadas na atenção primária da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte
Authors: Sabadini Freitas Daniel Augusto , Abreu Scalzo Maria Tereza , Martins Renata Castro
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Analisar as exodontias de dentes permanentes (exodontia de dente permanente e múltipla com alveoloplastia por sextante) realizadas na atenção primária da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte (RMBH).

Métodos: Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizado o banco de dados da produtividade da atenção primária, da RMBH, ano de 2017, disponibilizado pelo Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). A variável dependente foi o indicador nº 21 do SUS, que corresponde ao percentual de exodontias realizadas dentre os procedimentos da atenção primária, cujo parâmetro deve ser ≤ 8% (≤ 8% e > 8%). As variáveis independentes foram: dados sociodemográficos (localização, população, Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano – IDH e Índice de Gini) e de saúde (cobertura de Estratégia de Saúde da Família – ESF e Equipes de Saúde Bucal – ESB e presença de Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas – CEO). Associações foram avaliadas por meio dos testes do Qui-Quadrado de Pearson e Exato de Fisher (p < 0,05), utilizando o programa SPSS 22.0.

Resultados: Foram analisados 49 municípios, sendo 67,3% do núcleo metropolitano. A mediana populacional foi de 25.537 habitantes, com IDH médio de 0,707 e Índice de Gini mediano de 0,464. As medianas de cobertura da ESF e ESB foram, respectivamente, 96,7% e 52,7%. Apenas 32,7% dos municípios apresentaram CEO. O indicador nº 21 do SUS apresentou uma mediana de 6,7%. Não houve associação entre o indicador nº 21 do SUS e as variáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde (p > 0,05).

Conclusão: A RMBH apresentou valores satisfatórios em relação ao percentual de exodontias realizadas, provavelmente devido aos bons indicadores socioeconômicos e de saúde bucal apresentados.

Descritores: Atenção Primária à Saúde. Cirurgia bucal. Serviços de saúde bucal.
Análise de erros radiográficos em clínica de odontopediatria de uma instituição de ensino superior de Teresina - Piauí
Authors: Silva Filho Aessio Freire da , Lucas Juliana Marques e Silva , Silva Érica Natasha Duarte , Nogueira Daniela Nunes , Cruz Márcia Regina Soares , Dantas Neta Neusa Barros
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de erros radiográficos em radiografias periapicais de uma clínica de Odontopediatria em uma instituição de ensino superior de Teresina-Piauí.
Métodos: Tratou-se de estudo transversal retrospectivo. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos e radiográficos (localização e presença de erros de técnica radiográfica, processamento e armazenamento). As radiografias foram analisadas por um único examinador calibrado (kappa > 0,80). Foi realizada análise descritiva dos dados, teste Qui-Quadrado, razão de prevalência não-ajustadas (RPnãoajust) e intervalos de confiança (IC 95%). Considerou-se significativo valor de p < 0,05.
Resultados: Das 208 radiografias analisadas, 187 (89,9%) possuíam algum tipo de erro. O erro mais prevalente foi de técnica radiográfica (n = 115; 55,3%). Entre esses, a radiografia tremida foi o mais frequente (n = 57; 28,4%). O erro de processamento mais frequente foi presença de digitais (n = 37; 17,8%). Todos os erros de armazenamento (n = 89; 100%) estavam relacionados a não identificação do paciente. O erro de técnica esteve associado com os pacientes de idade menor que 5 anos (RPnãoajus = 1,2 IC95% 1,1-1,3) comparando com idade entre 6 e 10 anos. Não houve associação entre tipo de erro radiográfico e a dentição avaliada nas radiografias (p > 0,05).
Conclusão: A quantidade de erros detectados neste estudo foi alta e o mais frequente foi quanto à técnica radiográfica mal executada. Todos os erros de armazenamento observados foram devido a não identificação do paciente. Há uma maior frequência de erros de técnica radiográfica em pacientes com menos de 5 anos se comparados aos de 6 a 10 anos.
Magazyn energii trakcyjnej PKP Energetyka S.A. Rezultaty projektu i dalsze możliwości rozwoju
Authors: Artyszak Damian
Published: December 2022

W artykule opisano rozwiązanie, które zostało wdrożone do eksploatacji przez spółkę PKP Energetyka S.A. w ramach projektu badawczo-rozwojowego dofinansowanego ze źródeł unijnych. Jest nim nowoczesny trakcyjny magazyn energii dużej mocy. W tekście przedstawiono sposób działania pilotażowej instalacji, opisano jej poszczególne komponenty i pokazano wpływ magazynu energii na pracę towarzyszącej mu podstacji trakcyjnej. Artykuł jest zakończony rozdziałem dotyczącym dalszych możliwości rozwoju tej technologii w Polsce.
Stiffness and thickness of the upper trapezius muscle increase after repeated climbing bouts in male climbers
Authors: Klich Sebastian , Kawczyński Adam , Sommer Klaudia , Danek Natalia , Fernández-de-las-Peñas César , Michener Lori A. , Madeleine Pascal
Published: December 2022

Background

Indoor climbing involves overloading the shoulder girdle, including the rotator cuff and upper trapezius muscles. This on the field study aimed to investigate the effects of repeated climbing bouts on morphological and mechanical measures of the upper trapezius muscle.

Materials and Methods

Fifteen experienced male climbers participated in the study. Rate of perceived exertion (RPE), blood lactate concentration ([La−]b), and stiffness and thickness over four points of the upper trapezius were assessed before and after a repeated climbing exercise. The procedure for the climbing exercise consisted of five climbs for a total time of 5-minutes per climb, followed by a 5-minute rest.

Results

The analysis showed an increase from baseline to after the 3rd climb (p ≤ 0.01) for RPE and after the 5th climb for [La−]b (p ≤ 0.001). Muscle stiffness and thickness increased at all points (1–2–3–4) after the 5th climb (p ≤ 0.01). We found spatial heterogeneity in muscle stiffness and thickness; muscle stiffness was the highest at Point 4 (p ≤ 0.01), while muscle thickness reached the highest values at points 1–2 (both p ≤ 0.01). Moreover, the analysis between the dominant and non-dominant shoulder showed greater stiffness after the 1st climb at Point 1 (p = 0.004) and after the 5th climb at Point 4 (p ≤ 0.001).

Conclusions

For muscle thickness, the analysis showed significant changes in time and location between the dominant and the non-dominant shoulder. Bilateral increases in upper trapezius muscle stiffness and thickness, with simultaneous increases in RPE and blood lactate in response to consecutive climbs eliciting fatigue.
Multi-dimensional feature recognition model based on capsule network for ubiquitination site prediction
Authors: Li Weimin , Wang Jie , Luo Yin , Bezabih Tsigabu Teame
Published: December 2022

Ubiquitination is an important post-translational modification of proteins that regulates many cellular activities. Traditional experimental methods for identification are costly and time-consuming, so many researchers have proposed computational methods for ubiquitination site prediction in recent years. However, traditional machine learning methods focus on feature engineering and are not suitable for large-scale proteomic data. In addition, deep learning methods are mostly based on convolutional neural networks and fuse multiple coding approaches to achieve classification prediction. This cannot effectively identify potential fine-grained features of the input data and has limitations in the representation of dependencies between low-level features and high-level features. A multi-dimensional feature recognition model based on a capsule network (MDCapsUbi) was proposed to predict protein ubiquitination sites. The proposed module consisting of convolution operations and channel attention was used to recognize coarse-grained features in the sequence dimension and the feature map dimension. The capsule network module consisting of capsule vectors was used to identify fine-grained features and classify ubiquitinated sites. With ten-fold cross-validation, the MDCapsUbi achieved 91.82% accuracy, 91.39% sensitivity, 92.24% specificity, 0.837 MCC, 0.918 F-Score and 0.97 AUC. Experimental results indicated that the proposed method outperformed other ubiquitination site prediction technologies.
The Nature of Diversity in Yield Influencing Traits of Lentil Genotypes
Authors: Tomar Shraddha , Sharma Stuti , Thakur Sunny , Pathak Nidhi , Tiwari Priya
Published: December 2022

Lentil (Lens culinaris), an annual plant of the Fabaceae family, is extensively cultivated in Europe, Asia, and North Africa. In India, it is cultivated in rabi season (winter) and is an important legume due to its highly nutritious nature. Thirty-seven distinct lentil (Lens culnaris Medik) genotypes were examined for 10 quantitative traits, including seed yield and its associated characters. Among them, the maximum contribution most towards genetic divergence was observed by 100 seed weight. Seven clusters were created based D2 values comprising of all the genotypes. The cluster analysis revealed that the number of genotypes in each cluster ranged from 1 to 22. The clustering pattern confirmed the non-correspondence among geospatial and genetic diversity. Due to the fact that clusters IV and VI (670.74) had the greatest inter-cluster distance, their members were very diverse from one another. Days to flower initiation (61.73), days to maturity (112.47), no. of pods per plant (128.51), biological yield per plant (26.46), harvest index (44.41), and seed yield per plant (11.65) were among the traits for which entries from Cluster VI recorded the highest values. As a result, the genotypes from clusters IV and VI might be used in a hybridization scheme to create genotypes with high yields.
Bacterial Meningitis
Authors: Marcus Revital , Walter Kristin
Published: December 2022

This JAMA Patient Page explains the symptoms, spread, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of bacterial meningitis, an infection that causes inflammation of the tissues surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
Risk communication and community preparedness in the context of biotechnological hazards: A case of NBAF
Authors: Muturi Nancy , Zhang Xiaochen Angela
Published: December 2022

Applying the Protection Motivation Theory, this study examines factors affecting community preparedness in the context of biotechnological hazards. In particular, residents living nearby the National Bio and Agro‐Defence Facility (NBAF), a biosafety level‐4 facility currently under construction, were surveyed. The survey assessed residents' perceptions of key risk communication elements, transparency, consistency, and source, as well as risk perception, knowledge, collective efficacy, involvement, civic engagement behaviours, and preparedness perceptions. Results indicate that sources such as local organisations and mass media, as opposed to social media and word‐of‐mouth, are more reliable and lead to increased knowledge. The structural model suggests that transparent and consistent risk communication leads to community preparedness through knowledge, involvement, risk perception, and collective efficacy. Theoretical implications for the Protection Motivation Theory and practical implications for risk communication regarding biotechnological hazards are discussed.
Utility of beta‐human chorionic gonadotropin in pleural effusions: Report of an autopsy case of a male patient with primary pulmonary choriocarcinoma
Authors: Iwasaki Kazuhiko , Watanabe Kazuyoshi , Kimura Hideharu , Yano Seiji
Published: December 2022

A 69‐year‐old male patient presented with bloody pleural fluid effusion and elevated beta‐human chorionic gonadotropin (β‐hCG) levels obtained by thoracentesis. The patient's condition rapidly deteriorated, and he died. The autopsy revealed primary pulmonary choriocarcinoma. Early diagnosis of choriocarcinoma based on β‐hCG levels in the pleural fluid may be possible.
Ingrown nail with subungual myiasis on the same toe: A rare case presentation
Authors: Hatem Reem , Al‐Dabbagh Jacob
Published: December 2022

We report an extremely rare case of an ingrown nail with subungual myiasis on the same toe (was documented with videos) in a female patient with no previous history of travel, trauma, contact with animals, immunosuppressive treatment, or psychiatric disorders.
Does duration of team governance decrease corporate carbon emission intensity
Authors: Xia Mengyao , Zhu Bangzhu , Cai Helen Huifen
Published: December 2022

The study explores the effects of duration of team governance (DTG) on carbon emission intensity of 608 U.S. listed corporations merged three official datasets of Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP), Compuatat and BoardEx over the period 2009–2018, using unbalanced panel data analysis. It bridges three theoretical approaches: group development theory (GDT), social identity theory (SIT) and resource dependence theory (RDT) and applies econometric analysis techniques to investigate corporate carbon emission intensity. The result shows an inverted U‐shaped relationship between DTG and carbon emission intensity. It is interesting that carbon emission intensity increased when the duration is less than 6.52 years, however, the duration exceeds 6.52 years decreases carbon emission intensity. We also find other factors of team size and gender diversity moderate the U‐shaped relationship, further testing the optimal team of 8–11 members and 3–4 women members. Meanwhile, the finding shows that the low‐carbon innovation is an effective mediator for DTG to decrease carbon emission intensity. The paper is important for managerial implication and policy making.
Assessing flower‐visiting arthropod diversity in apple orchards through metabarcoding of environmental DNA from flowers and visual census
Authors: Gamonal Gomez Nerea , Sørensen Didde Hedegaard , Chua Physilia Ying Shi , Sigsgaard Lene
Published: December 2022

Arthropods are essential in maintaining healthy and productive agricultural ecosystems. Agricultural crops such as apples are typically pollinated by domesticated honey bees, but wild bees and other arthropod flower visitors also contribute to pollination. Flower visitors can also be natural enemies of crop‐pests or herbivores. Biodiversity is under pressure and knowledge of wildflower visitors is an important tool in designing orchards that can support high functional biodiversity. In our study, we assessed the diversity of arthropod flower visitors in four Danish apple orchards using both molecular and nonmolecular techniques to study arthropod communities in agricultural ecosystems. Arthropod DNA collected from apple flowers was analyzed using a DNA metabarcoding approach using the mitochondrial COI marker, while arthropod pollinators were recorded through visual assessment surveys. These complementary techniques resulted in a total of 19 arthropod taxa detected. Nonbee arthropods constituted a large proportion of arthropods detected by both methods (84%, 16 taxa). Metabarcoding detected 12 taxa and had 83% species resolution. Visual census recovered flower visiting groups to the order level (Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera) but not species level and also provided relative abundance data, which is not possible with molecular methods. We demonstrated that by utilizing both molecular and nonmolecular techniques to assess arthropod communities, we are able to obtain a broader overview of the arthropod fauna present. The methodology used and the outcome of this study can be used to inform and tailor suitable arthropod‐pest management practices in orchards to increase crop yield and maintain healthy agricultural systems.
Effect of maternal eating disorders on mother‐infant quality of interaction, bonding and child temperament: A longitudinal study
Authors: Martini Maria Giulia , Taborelli Emma , Easter Abigail , Bye Amanda , Eisler Ivan , Schmidt Ulrike , Micali Nadia
Published: December 2022

Aims

This study aims to investigate the effect of maternal eating disorders (ED) on mother‐infant quality of interaction at 8 weeks and bonding and child temperament at 1 and 2 years postnatally. We also aimed to explore the relationship between maternal ED psychopathology, comorbid psychiatric difficulties, and both mother‐infant quality of interaction and bonding in women with ED. Women were recruited to a prospective longitudinal study. By the time of giving birth, the sample consisted of 101 women of the initial 137 (73.7%). Overall, 62 women (ED = 36; HC = 26) participated in the 8‐week assessment, 42 (ED = 20; HC = 22) at 1 year, and 78 (ED = 34; HC = 44) at 2 years. Mann‐Whitney U Test was used to explore association between maternal ED and mother‐infant quality of interaction and between maternal ED and bonding. Spearman correlations were used to explore associations between maternal ED psychopathology, comorbid psychiatric difficulties, and both mother‐infant quality of interaction and bonding.

Results

We found no differences between early mother‐infant interaction and bonding in mothers with ED in comparison to HC. High levels of maternal ED psychopathology were correlated with high anxiety levels, higher negative affectivity, and lower extraversion in children of ED mothers both at 1 and 2 years. Furthermore, high levels of ED psychopathology were also associated with lower effortful control at 1 year.

Conclusions

Findings imply that maternal ED have an impact on child temperament. Future research should focus on resilience and on which protective factors might lead to positive outcomes. These factors can be then used as therapeutic and preventative targets.
Multiple reproduction forms in the polyps of the cannonball jellyfishStomolophussp. 2: Probable life‐cycle reversal
Authors: López‐Martínez Juana , Álvarez‐Tello Francisco Javier , Porchas‐Cornejo Marco A. , Nevárez‐López Cintya A. , Muhlia‐Almazán Adriana , Urías‐Padilla Karen Viviana
Published: December 2022

The jellyfish generaStomolophusspp. is one of the most abundant in the Pacific Ocean, yet it has not been thoroughly studied. Until recently, research has been developed and directed to its knowledge because of the economic interest in its exploitation. The genusStomolophusin the Pacific Ocean is composed of five species (S. agaricus, S. chunii,S. collaris,S. fritillaria, andS. meleagris), andStomolophussp. 2 has been recently reported in the central part of the Gulf of California. Therefore, this study aimed to describe in vivo the different developmental stages ofStomolophussp. 2 life cycle. As a result, multiple polyp reproduction forms were described, such as polyp‐stolon formation, polydisc strobilation with more than 20 ephyrae formed by each strobila, and polyp formation directly from juvenile ephyra. In the degenerating phase, the polyps turned into cysts induced by stress conditions, such as changes in temperature, oxygen, and food availability. The life cycle ofStomolophussp. 2 can be distinguished from that ofS. meleagrisby showing various asexual reproduction mechanisms and polydisc‐like strobilation. The formation of polyps directly from the ectoderm of degenerating juvenile medusae suggests the possibility of a reversion cycle. Because of the different life cycles betweenS. meleagrisandS. sp. 2, in addition to their morphological and genetic differences, this study proposes thatStomolophussp. 2 should be considered a new species and suggests the nameStomolophus yaquilli, in reference to the indigenous community that lives in the species distribution area.
Modelling HIV dynamics with cell‐to‐cell transmission and CTL response
Authors: Zhu Zirui , Wu Ranchao , Yang Yu , Xu Yancong
Published: December 2022

In most HIV models, the emergence of backward bifurcation means that the control for basic reproduction number less than one is no longer effective for HIV treatment. In this paper, we study an HIV model with CTL response and cell‐to‐cell transmission by using the dynamical approach. The local and global stability of equilibria is investigated, the relations of subcritical Hopf bifurcation and supercritical bifurcation points are revealed, especially, the so‐called new type bifurcation is also found with two Hopf bifurcation curves meeting at the same Bogdanov–Takens bifurcation point. Forward and backward bifurcation, Hopf bifurcation, saddle‐node bifurcation, Bogdanov–Takens bifurcation are investigated analytically and numerically. Two limit cycles are also found numerically, which indicates that the complex behavior of HIV dynamics. Interestingly, the role of cell‐to‐cell interaction is fully uncovered, it may cause the oscillations to disappear and keep the so‐called new type bifurcation persist. Finally, some conclusions and discussions are also given.
Development and stability analysis of a high‐speed train bearing system under variable speed conditions
Authors: Wang Baosen , Liu Yongqiang , Zhang Bin , Yang Shaopu
Published: December 2022

During a high‐speed train operation, the train speed changes frequently, resulting in motion change as a function of time. A dynamic model of a double‐row tapered roller bearing system of a high‐speed train under variable speed conditions is developed. The model takes into consideration the structural characteristics of one outer ring and two inner rings of the train bearing. The angle iteration method is used to determine the rotation angle of the roller within any time period, solving the difficult problem of determining the location of the roller. The outer ring and inner ring faults are captured by the model, and the model response is obtained under variable speed conditions. Experiments are carried out under two fault conditions to validate the model results. The simulation results are found to be in good agreement with the results of the formula, and the errors between the simulation results and the experimental results when the bearing has outer and inner ring faults are found to be, respectively, 5.97% and 2.59%, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the model. The influence of outer ring and inner ring faults on system stability is analyzed quantitatively using the Lempel–Ziv complexity. The results show that for low train acceleration, the inner ring fault has a more significant effect on the system stability, while for high acceleration, the outer ring fault has a more significant effect. However, when the train acceleration changes, the outer ring has a greater influence. In practice, train acceleration is usually small and does not frequently change in one operation cycle. Therefore, the inner ring fault of the bearing deserves more attention.
Is the first‐trimester combined screening result associated with the phenotype of Down syndrome? A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Steffensen Ellen Hollands , Pedersen Lars Henning , Lou Stina , Vogel Ida ,   the Danish Fetal Medicine Study Group,   the Danish Cytogenetic Central Registry Study Group
Published: December 2022

Objective

To investigate if the Down syndrome phenotype differs according to the result of first‐trimester combined screening (FTS).

Method

We included all Down syndrome cases diagnosed by karyotype in pregnancy or after birth in Denmark during 2005–2018. We compared screen positive (odds ≥1:300) and screen negative (odds <1:300) cases as well as screen result subgroups with respect to anthropometrics, congenital malformations, childhood diseases, and hospitalization.

Results

Absolute measures of fetal and birth anthropometrics were comparable between groups. A prenatal malformation diagnosis was more prevalent among screen positive than screen negative cases. Analyses suggested that this could reflect a detection bias. Cases with a screen result of 1:2–1:10 had a higher probability of being diagnosed with a malformation prenatally and with severe congenital heart disease (CHD) postnatally compared with a result of 1:11–1:300. Screen positive cases more often had non‐severe CHD but less often a non‐heart malformation compared with screen negative cases, while proportions of severe CHD were similar in these groups. Data on hospitalizations showed inconsistent results.

Conclusion

The 1:300 screening threshold had limited or no value in predicting Down syndrome phenotype severity. In contrast, cases with a screen result between 1:2 and 1:10 may represent a more severe phenotype.
Zinc homeostasis in Pseudomonas
Authors: Ducret Verena , Gonzalez Diego , Perron Karl
Published: December 2022

In the genus Pseudomonas, zinc homeostasis is mediated by a complete set of import and export systems, whose expression is precisely controlled by three transcriptional regulators: Zur, CzcR and CadR. In this review, we describe in detail our current knowledge of these systems, their regulation, and the biological significance of zinc homeostasis, taking Pseudomonas aeruginosa as our paradigm. Moreover, significant parts of this overview are dedicated to highlight interactions and cross-regulations between zinc and copper import/export systems, and to shed light, through a review of the literature and comparative genomics, on differences in gene complement and function across the whole Pseudomonas genus. The impact and importance of zinc homeostasis in Pseudomonas and beyond will be discussed throughout this review.

Graphical abstract
Assessing Application Efficiency and Performance Portability in Single-Source Programming for Heterogeneous Parallel Systems
Authors: Ernstsson August , Griebler Dalvan , Kessler Christoph
Published: December 2022

We analyze the performance portability of the skeleton-based, single-source multi-backend high-level programming framework SkePU across multiple different CPU–GPU heterogeneous systems. Thereby, we provide a systematic application efficiency characterization of SkePU-generated code in comparison to equivalent hand-written code in more low-level parallel programming models such as OpenMP and CUDA. For this purpose, we contribute ports of the STREAM benchmark suite and of a part of the NAS Parallel Benchmark suite to SkePU. We show that for STREAM and the EP benchmark, SkePU regularly scores efficiency values above 80% and in particular for CPU systems, SkePU can outperform hand-written code.
Unravelling the phylogenetic and ecological drivers of beak shape variability in cephalopods
Authors: Sánchez-Márquez Antoni , Navarro Joan , Kaliontzopoulou Antigoni , Farré Marc , Taite Morag , Escolar Oscar , Villanueva Roger , Allcock A. Louise , Fernández-Álvarez Fernando Á.
Published: December 2022

Cephalopod beaks are essential for prey acquisition and fragmentation during feeding. Thus, it is expected that ecological pressures affect cephalopod beak shape. From a practical perspective, these structures are also used to identify gut contents of marine megafauna, such as toothed whales, sharks, seabirds, and large pelagic fishes. Here, we investigated the relative importance of ecological pressures and phylogenetic relatedness in the evolution of beak shape using a wide range of Mediterranean cephalopod species. Phylogenetic analyses based on complete mitogenomes and nuclear ribosomal genes provided a well-supported phylogeny among the 18 included cephalopods. Geometric morphometric and stable isotope methods were implemented to describe interspecific beak shape and trophic niche variability, respectively. Phylogenetic signal was detected in the shape of both parts of the beak (upper and lower). However, lower beak shape was more distinct among closely related species, in line with the empirical notion that lower beak morphology is more useful as an identification tool in cephalopods. Interestingly, no association between beak shape and trophic niche (stable isotope values) was found. These results suggest that the evolution of cephalopod beak shape as quantified here is mainly driven by phylogenetic relationships, while feeding habits play a minor role.

Graphical abstract
Conceptualization of research themes and directions in business ecosystem strategies: a systematic literature review
Authors: Krome Maximilian Julius , Pidun Ulrich
Published: December 2022

Motivated by the rapid advancements in the field of business ecosystems (BEs), this paper presents a holistic overview of existing research in the field of business ecosystem strategy. As scholars have noted, BE strategy poses new challenges and diverges from traditional thinking in multiple ways. Researchers have investigated parts of strategy in that regard; however, a holistic approach to BE strategy does not exist. To this end, this study relies on a systematic literature review approach and analyzes contributions from across disciplines in an attempt to derive a holistic ecosystem strategy framework. The study identifies six main elements that reflect strategic considerations along subsequent stages of decision-making. It then discusses the fifteen sub-streams identified in the literature, placing them in their strategic context. Based on this analysis, gaps in the literature and future research opportunities are identified. This study is motivated by the aspiration to make the topic of ecosystem strategies more accessible for scholars and practitioners, while enabling a broader discussion based on the current state of research.
Business and Human Rights in Latin America: An Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Cantú Rivera Humberto , Pamplona Danielle Anne , Thoene Ulf
Published: December 2022

In his landmark 1967 novel One Hundred Years of Solitude, Gabriel García Márquez wrote about the ‘Banana Massacre’, where plantation workers that had been striking against the United Fruit Company to improve their working conditions were killed by the military. Despite being an event depicted in a magic realism novel, this example also shows some of the characteristics of Latin America, where colonialism, the close relationship between business and governments, and the incessant fight to protect people from human rights abuses, often converge not just in literature, but in real life. Indeed, Latin America is marked by contradictions between very progressive domestic human rights frameworks and increasing levels of social inequality and poverty; by being part of global value chains while also having an important percentage of informal economy; and by promoting the development of rules and practices without a sufficiently strong rule of law and fragile democracies. To some extent, as the land of magic realism, the business and human rights field in many cases is a real-life example of the nuances and complexities of the region, where progress and challenges are frequently intertwined.
Riemann–Roch for stacky matrix factorizations
Authors: Choa Dongwook , Kim Bumsig , Sreedhar Bhamidi
Published: December 2022

We establish a Hirzebruch–Riemann–Roch-type theorem and a Grothendieck–Riemann–Roch-type theorem for matrix factorizations on quotient Deligne–Mumford stacks. For this, we first construct a Hochschild–Kostant–Rosenberg-type isomorphism explicit enough to yield a categorical Chern character formula. Then, we find an expression of the canonical pairing of Shklyarov under the isomorphism.
From Latin American Problems to World Problems: Similarities in the Analysis of the Reality between the Texts of the Latin American Magisterium and the Pontifical Documents of Pope Francis
Authors: González Santiago Andrés Sierra , Romero Leonardo Bermúdez , Sotelo Segundo Henry Guerrero , Pedraza Libardo Alirio Hoyos , Moreno Mary Betty Rodríguez , Solano Wilmar Esteve Roldán , Hernández Carlos Eduardo Román
Published: December 2022

Catholic Social Teaching in Latin America—portrayed in the documents of the Conference of Latin American Episcopal Conferences (Río, Medellín, Puebla, Santo Domingo, and Aparecida)—seeks to provide pastoral orientations to the social problems of the subcontinent, analyzing reality from a concrete theological perspective: the perspective of the poor. This article analyzes how Latin American problems and the way to diagnose them also appear in the pontifical documents of Pope Francis, especially in Evangelii Gaudium and Laudato Si’, applied to the world context. We conclude that the perspective of Latin American theology continues to be valid and relevant for the faithful throughout the world.
Revisiting the reattachment regime: a closer look at tandem cylinder flow at
Authors: Aasland Tale E. , Pettersen Bjørnar , Andersson Helge I. , Jiang Fengjian
Published: December 2022

Tandem cylinder flow comprises several different flow regimes. Within the reattachment regime, the development of the gap shear layers is of utmost importance to the flow, but has received little attention so far. Through direct numerical simulations at$Re = 10^{4}$, for a gap ratio of 3.0, we have discovered that the shear layers are significantly altered with respect to a single cylinder. These differences include early onset of separation, crossflow stabilising, delayed transition to turbulence and little meandering of the transition region. Vortex pairing in the gap shear layers is reported for the first time. The interaction between the recirculating gap flow and the shear layers was investigated. Asymmetrical, large-scale gap vortices influence the position of transition to turbulence through direct contact and through secondary flows. The occurrence of transition in the gap shear layers has consequences for both the reattachment mechanism and the development of the downstream cylinder wake. The reattachment points are unsteady with large amplitude fluctuations on a fine time scale. Reattachment is seen to be a combination of impingement and modification of the upstream shear layers, which causes a double shear layer in the downstream cylinder near-wake. Buffeting by and interaction with the gap shear layers likely cause transition to turbulence in the downstream cylinder boundary layer. This leads to significant changes in the wake topology, compared with a single-cylinder wake.
Stratigraphy and chronology of the Cala Mosca site, SW Sardinia (Italy)
Authors: Sechi Daniele , Andreucci Stefano , Cocco Fabrizio , Pascucci Vincenzo
Published: December 2022

The relict beach deposit of the Cala Mosca marine terrace is considered an important section of Marine Isotopic Stage (MIS) 5e (ca. 125 ka) sea-level highstands. Analysis of the stratigraphy and sediments of the deposit indicates the presence of a composite marine terrace comprising two superimposed marine units, luminescence dated to the MIS 5e (137 ± 7, 134 ± 7 ka) and MIS 5c (92 ± 6 ka) substages. The stratigraphic superimposition of the two highstands, both placed ~5 m above present sea level, agrees with other areas along the Sardinia coasts. The evident superimposition of two sea-level highstands and development of the composite terrace cannot be accounted solely by high-frequency sea-level oscillation that occurred within MIS 5 for the Mediterranean Sea. This suggests controversial, but significant, regional versus local tectonic activity occurred during the Late Pleistocene.
Fukuzawa Yukichi’s Liberal Nationalism
Authors: HIRUTA KEI
Published: December 2022

Discussing An Outline of a Theory of Civilization by the Japanese thinker Fukuzawa Yukichi, this essay shows how theorists of liberal nationalism might draw on “non-Western” theoretical resources to enrich their normative ideas and better appreciate their own tradition. I argue that Fukuzawa’s work represents an alternative strand of liberal nationalism that complements its mainstream counterpart pioneered by David Miller, Yael Tamir, and others. More specifically, I argue that Fukuzawa’s contributions help us reconsider three central claims made by his more mainstream peers: (1) cosmopolitanism poses the most important threat to liberal nationalism, (2) the strength of liberal nationalism lies in its perceptiveness about ordinary people’s sense of national belonging, and (3) liberal nationalism emerged in mid-nineteenth-century Europe and spread elsewhere in the age of decolonization. In so doing, I show how the current “comparative turn” in political theory can benefit a specific debate—on liberal nationalism—within the discipline.
The Logic of Paul's Address in 2 Corinthians 10-13
Authors: Engberg-Pedersen Troels
Published: December 2022

2 Cor 10–13 may be seen to hang together closely, both internally and with the rest of the canonical letter, once one notices the very careful manner in which Paul distinguishes between and handles three groups: (i) the Corinthians as such, a group that includes his ‘own people’ and sometimes also (ii) his internal critics; and (iii) the rival missionaries. The four chapters are built over a set of four motifs: 2nd or 3rd person? absence or presence? meekness or boldness? building up or tearing down? In light of this, one finds the following structure: A (10.1–11) on the i- and ii-groups; B (10.12–11.21), C (11.22–12.10), and D (12.11–13) on the iii- and i-groups; and E (12.14-13.13) on the i- and ii-groups. The four chapters – and indeed, the letter as a whole – have an inner dynamic that reaches its writerly goal in the comparison of Paul to the iii-group (C). The final, rhetorical aim, however, consists in establishing the proper relationship between Paul himself and the i-group as he is about to reach Corinth once more in the flesh.
Unfinished Business: The Ending of Mark in Two Catena Manuscripts
Authors: Houghton H.A.G.
Published: December 2022

Two Greek gospel manuscripts with an exegetical commentary in catena form present a text of Mark which ends in the middle of Mark 16.8. One is GA 304, a twelfth-century codex which is often adduced as a witness to the Short Ending. The other is the eleventh-century GA 239, which has not previously featured in discussions of the conclusion of Mark. In each case, it is shown that considerations of scribal practice, codicology and the broader traditions of text and catena mean that neither witness should be treated as evidence for the Short Ending as found in Codices Sinaiticus and Vaticanus.
Haemosporidian parasites in the ash-breasted Sierra finch (Geospizopsis plebejus): insights from an Andean dry forest population
Authors: Chavarría Xavier , Matta Nubia E. , Cadena-Ortíz Héctor , Alarcón Ibeth , Bahamonde-Vinueza Daniela , González Angie D. , Bonaccorso Elisa
Published: December 2022

Haemosporidian generaPlasmodium,HaemoproteusandLeucocytozoon, responsible for avian malarial infections, are highly diverse and have a wide range of health effects and predictors, depending on the host and its environmental context. Here, we present, for the first time, detailed information on the identity, prevalence and parasitaemia of haemosporidians and other haemoparasites that infect the ash-breasted Sierra finch,Geospizopsis plebejus, in an Andean dry forest. We study the consequences of infection in the host body and health conditions and explore the environmental and intrinsic factors that influence infection status and parasitaemia. We conducted diagnoses by cytochrome b (cytb) sequencing and morphological identification, and estimated the levels of parasitaemia based on microscopy. We identified 6cytblineages infectingG. plebejus. Two of them were new lineages:Haemoproteussp. GEPLE01 and GEPLE02. We also detectedHaemoproteussp. ZOCAP08,Haemoproteussp. AMAVIR01,Plasmodium homopolareBAEBIC02 andPlasmodium cathemeriumZONCAP15. By microscopy, we detectedHaemoproteus coatneyi,Haemoproteus erythrogravidus,P. homopolareand other unidentified species ofHaemoproteus,Plasmodium,Babesiasp. and 1 microfilaria. We found no evidence ofLeucocytozoon. Additionally, we detected several coinfections by sequencing and microscopy. The prevalence of haemosporidian infections was high (87.7%), and the mean parasitaemia was 61.65 infected cells per 10 000 erythrocytes examined. Prevalence and parasitaemia were higher forHaemoproteusthan forPlasmodium.Haemoproteussp. AMAVIR01 showed the highest prevalence (43.1%) and mean parasitaemia (94.39/10 000 erythrocytes) and might be associated withH. coatneyi. Immature individuals showed a lower prevalence than adults, supporting previous findings.