bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Well begun is half done: Interpersonal behaviours in distinct field interrogations with high‐value detainees
Authors: Christiansen Paul , Alison Laurence , Alison Emily
Published: August 2017

Purpose

To explore the impact of interpersonal versatility on high‐value (terrorist‐related) detainee behaviour and subsequent interview information across distinct interview phases (namely the first and last interviews).

Methods

Police interviews with 48 terrorist detainees framework (mean number of interviews per detainee = 2.93) were coded using the ‘ORBIT’ (Observing Rapport‐Based Interpersonal Techniques; Alison et al., 2014, Psychology, Public Policy and Law, 20, 421). This produced scores for adaptive and maladaptive interpersonal behaviours of detainees and interrogators across four categories: authoritative, passive, confrontational, and cooperative. Mean scores for these variables in the first and last interviews were taken allowing us to analyse the associations between (1) interviewer behaviours and detainee educed information and (2) the indirect effect of interviewer behaviour on information educed through the impact of interviewer adaptive behaviour on detainee adaptive behaviour, separately in the first and last interviews.

Results

There was a positive association between detainee engagement and information in both the first and last interviews. Specific adaptive interviewer behaviours were associated with adaptive detainee behaviour in different interviews: cooperative and passive predicting improvements in the first interview and cooperative in the final interview. Maladaptive passive and authoritative interviewer behaviours were negatively associated with adaptive detainee behaviour in the first interview, as did maladaptive confrontational in the final interview. Indirect effects of interviewer behaviours on information were also demonstrated.

Conclusions

Interpersonal competence (avoiding maladaptive behaviour) and increasing adaptive behaviours are associated with detainee engagement and information. The differences in specific behaviours at different phases that influence information in the two interviews highlight the importance of interpersonal versatility.
Rift Valley fever virus and European mosquitoes: vector competence of Culex pipiens and Stegomyia albopicta (= Aedes albopictus)
Authors: BRUSTOLIN M. , TALAVERA S. , NUÑEZ A. , SANTAMARÍA C. , RIVAS R. , PUJOL N. , VALLE M. , VERDÚN M. , BRUN A. , PAGÈS N. , BUSQUETS N.
Published: August 2017

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a mosquito‐borne disease caused by the Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV). Rift Valley fever affects a large number of species, including human, and has severe impact on public health and the economy, especially in African countries. The present study examined the vector competence of three different European mosquito species, Culex pipiens (Linnaeus, 1758) form molestus (Diptera: Culicidae), Culex pipiens hybrid form and Stegomyia albopicta (= Aedes albopictus) (Skuse, 1894) (Diptera: Culicidae). Mosquitoes were artificially fed with blood containing RVFV. Infection, disseminated infection and transmission efficiency were evaluated. This is the first study to assess the transmission efficiency of European mosquito species using a virulent RVFV strain. The virus disseminated in Cx. pipiens hybrid form and in S. albopicta. Moreover, infectious viral particles were isolated from saliva of both species, showing their RVFV transmission capacity. The presence of competent Cx. pipiens and S. albopicta in Spain indicates that an autochthonous outbreak of RVF may occur if the virus is introduced. These findings provide information that will help health authorities to set up efficient entomological surveillance and RVFV vector control programmes.
Diffuse glioma – Rare homozygous IDH point mutation, is it an oncogenetic mechanism?
Authors: Singh Angad , Gurav Mamta , Dhanavade Sandeep , Shetty Omshree , Epari Sridhar
Published: August 2017

Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1/IDH2) mutations in gliomas of WHO grade II/III and secondary glioblastoma are almost always heterozygous missense mutations. Here, we report an extremely rare case of homozygous IDH1R132H mutation in a recurrent WHO grade III anaplastic astrocytoma. The authors here also review the relevant literature for the possible metabolic impact of homozygous IDH1/2 mutations in the gliomagenesis.
Discovery of long‐distance gamete dispersal in a lichen‐forming ascomycete
Authors: Ronnås Cecilia , Werth Silke , Ovaskainen Otso , Várkonyi Gergely , Scheidegger Christoph , Snäll Tord
Published: August 2017

Accurate estimates of gamete and offspring dispersal range are required for the understanding and prediction of spatial population dynamics and species persistence. Little is known about gamete dispersal in fungi, especially in lichen‐forming ascomycetes. Here, we estimate the dispersal functions of clonal propagules, gametes and ascospores of the epiphytic lichen Lobaria pulmonaria.

We use hierarchical Bayesian parentage analysis, which integrates genetic and ecological information from multiannual colonization and dispersal source data collected in a large, old‐growth forest landscape.

The effective dispersal range of gametes is several hundred metres to kilometres from potential paternal individuals. By contrast, clonal propagules disperse only tens of metres, and ascospores disperse over several thousand metres.

Our study reveals the dispersal distances of individual reproductive units; clonal propagules, gametes and ascospores, which is of great importance for a thorough understanding of the spatial dynamics of ascomycetes. Sexual reproduction occurs between distant individuals. However, whereas gametes and ascospores disperse over long distances, the overall rate of colonization of trees is low. Hence, establishment is the limiting factor for the colonization of new host trees by the lichen in old‐growth landscapes.
Nomalike Necrotizing Stomatitis in a Child with Crohn's Disease
Authors: Lee Ye Jin , Kim Young Jae , Won Chong Hyun , Chang Sung Eun , Lee Mi Woo , Choi Jee Ho
Published: August 2017

Noma is an opportunistic infection characterized by devastating gangrenous stomatitis leading to severe tissue destruction that predominantly affects malnourished children in sub‐Saharan Africa. Only a few cases have been reported in immunocompromised patients from developed countries. We present an unusual case of nomalike necrotizing stomatitis in a previously healthy child with Crohn's disease in Korea.
Giant Cutaneous Horn Arising in an Epidermal Nevus
Authors: Cardis Michael A. , Kirkorian Anna Yasmine
Published: August 2017

Cutaneous horns, which rarely occur in children, can overlie a large array of pathologic lesions that range from benign to malignant. When a cutaneous horn is encountered, it is not the horn itself that is of relevance, it is the nature of the underlying disease that dictates overall prognosis and management. In this report we present a case of a cutaneous horn arising within a linear verrucous epidermal nevus and briefly review cutaneous horns, with an emphasis on their clinical implications and differential diagnosis.
Psychosocial interventions to improve outcomes among dialysis patients
Authors: Krespi Margorit Rita
Published: August 2017

Patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) report high levels of emotional problems and poor compliance with treatment and quality of life. Nevertheless, there are not many studies which examine the effectiveness of different psychosocial interventions in ameliorating these poor outcomes. Theories have been helpful in identifying targets for interventions to improve compliance with treatment, adjustment, and quality of life. However, their effects have been mixed. In particular, interventions incorporating beliefs are promising in improving these outcomes. Moreover, relaxation and imagery techniques have reduced symptoms and have been effective improving adjustment and compliance. Future randomized controlled studies are needed to compare the effects of theory‐based and patient‐derived interventions on compliance with treatment and adjustment.
Individual difference factors and beliefs in medical and political conspiracy theories
Authors: Galliford Natasha , Furnham Adrian
Published: August 2017

This study examined the relationship between a series of individual difference measures and belief in political and medical conspiracy theories. Participants (N = 323) rated 20 conspiracy theories (10 medical, 10 political) and completed a set of questionnaires. Belief in political conspiracies was strongly positively correlated with belief in medical conspiracies. Belief in both conspiracy types was correlated with low self‐esteem, low Conscientiousness, more right‐wing political views, younger age, and greater belief in the benefits of Alternative Medicine. It was also correlated with religiousness and gender. Low Emotional Stability and Agreeableness were also correlated with belief in political conspiracies, and higher education level was correlated with belief in medical conspiracies. The findings generally demonstrated support for a monological belief system. Implications and limitations are discussed.
Nitrogen release and mineralization potential of derivatives from nutrient recovery processes as substitutes for fossil fuel‐based nitrogen fertilizers
Authors: Sigurnjak I. , De Waele J. , Michels E. , Tack F. M. G. , Meers E. , De Neve S.
Published: August 2017

The need to meet rapidly increasing demands for synthetic nitrogen (N) while reducing dependence on fossil fuels has been driving widespread attention to the recuperation and reuse of nutrients present in digestate and animal manure. The N release and mineralization potential of animal manure (AM), digestate (DIG), liquid fraction of digestate (LFDIG) and mineral concentrate (MC) were assessed in comparison with N availability from calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) as a reference. The release was highly dependent on the product ‐N/Ntotal ratio, while mineralization occurred only for products containing more than 5% of organic N. The magnitude of the released N, on average after 120 days of an incubation experiment, was in the order: CAN > MC > LFDIG > DIG ≥ AM. These results indicate that only the N release from MC exhibited patterns similar to CAN, suggesting that this product will provide plant available N in a similar fashion as synthetic fertilizers. The N release from LFDIG was higher than AM, but did not closely follow the pattern of CAN. The N availability in LFDIG may be increased using substrates richer in N, such as animal manure or waste food and not only plant residues.
The effects of storage of red blood cells on the development of postoperative infections after noncardiac surgery
Authors: Spadaro Savino , Taccone Fabio Silvio , Fogagnolo Alberto , Fontana Vito , Ragazzi Riccardo , Verri Marco , Valpiani Giorgia , Greco Pantaleo , Bianconi Margherita , Govoni Maurizio , Reverberi Roberto , Volta Carlo Alberto
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUND

Prolonged storage of red blood cells (RBCs) is a potential risk factor for postoperative infections. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of age of RBCs transfused on development of postoperative infection.

STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS

In this prospective, double‐blind randomized trial, 199 patients undergoing elective noncardiac surgery and requiring RBC transfusion were assigned to receive nonleukoreduced RBCs stored for not more than 14 days (“fresh blood” group, n = 101) or for more than 14 days (“old blood” group, n = 98). The primary outcome was occurrence of infection within 28 days after surgery; secondary outcomes were postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI), in‐hospital and 90‐day mortality, admission to intensive care unit, and hospital length of stay (LOS). As older blood was not always available, an “as‐treated” (AT) analysis was also performed according to actual age of the RBCs transfused.

RESULTS

The median [interquartile range] storage time of RBCs was 6 [5‐10] and 15 [11‐20] days in fresh blood and in old blood groups, respectively. The occurrence of postoperative infection did not differ between groups (fresh blood 22% vs. old blood 25%; relative risk [RR], 1.17; confidence interval [CI], 0.71‐1.93), although wound infections occurred more frequently in old blood (15% vs. 5%; RR, 3.09; CI, 1.17‐ 8.18). Patients receiving older units had a higher rate of AKI (24% vs. 6%; p < 0.001) and, according to AT analysis, longer LOS (mean difference, 3.6 days; CI, 0.6‐7.5).

CONCLUSION

Prolonged RBC storage time did not increase the risk of postoperative infection. However, old blood transfusion increased wound infections rate and incidence of AKI.
Meropenem‐induced immune thrombocytopenia and the diagnostic process of laboratory testing
Authors: Huang Rong , Cai Guang‐Qing , Zhang Jun‐Hua , Liu Feng‐Xia , Ma Jin‐Qi , Liu Hong , Nie Xin‐Min , Gui Rong
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUND

Drug‐induced immune thrombocytopenia (DITP) is a serious, life‐threatening clinical syndrome, the diagnosis of which is consistently difficult. In this report, we present a case of DITP caused by meropenem that was confirmed by laboratory tests.

CASE REPORT

A 59‐year‐old male patient developed severe thrombocytopenia 8 days after the administration of meropenem and cefoperazone‐sulbactam. After other causes were ruled out, DITP was suspected. Drug‐induced platelet (PLT) antibodies were detected by enzyme immunoassay, flow cytometry, and monoclonal antibody immobilization of PLT antigens (MAIPA). All these tests were performed in the presence and absence of the associated drugs.

RESULTS

PLT antibodies were detected in the patient's serum only in the presence of meropenem. MAIPA experiments demonstrated that glycoprotein IIb/IIIa was the binding site of the meropenem‐induced PLT antibodies.

CONCLUSIONS

Drug‐induced immune thrombocytopenia should be considered in cases of acute thrombocytopenia in patients undergoing meropenem treatment. Clinicians should be cognizant of DITP, and a definitive diagnosis should be pursued, if feasible.
Supernatant reduction of stored gamma‐irradiated red blood cells minimizes potentially harmful substances present in transfusion aliquots for neonates
Authors: Serrano Katherine , Pambrun Chantale , Levin Elena , Devine Dana V.
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUND

In neonate transfusion, the use of a dedicated red blood cell (RBC) unit decreases donor exposure. A separate safety measure involves gamma irradiation of the RBCs to abrogate the possibility of transfusion‐associated graft‐versus‐host disease. However, in combination, storage of gamma‐irradiated RBCs leads to accumulation of potentially harmful substances in the supernatant.

STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS

For this study, RBCs were pooled and split into three study arms. Centrifugation or gravity was used to pack RBCs of matched units thereby reducing the amount of supernatant that would be present in neonate transfusion aliquots; these were compared to matched control units. Supernatant measurements of potassium, hemoglobin (Hb), RBC microvesicle (RMV) content, and mannitol were made in aliquots prepared weekly up to 21 days after gamma irradiation. RBC morphology and osmotic fragility were also assessed to determine if supernatant reduction methods affected the storage lesion.

RESULTS

Potassium and mannitol were significantly decreased in transfusion aliquots prepared with either of the supernatant reduction methods. On Day 21, potassium levels from supernatant‐reduced aliquots were below those of Day 7 control aliquots. A decrease in free Hb was only detected on Day 21 in centrifuged aliquots. RMVs were significantly reduced in centrifuged aliquots and significantly increased in gravity‐settled aliquots. The only measurable effect on storage lesion was a small increase in osmotic fragility of the RBCs subjected to supernatant reduction.

CONCLUSION

Supernatant reduction by centrifugation effectively reduces potassium, mannitol, and RMVs in aliquots from gamma‐irradiated RBCs stored up to 21 days.
Causes and outcomes of dogs presenting with hyphema to a referral hospital in Colorado: a retrospective analysis of 99 cases
Authors: Jinks Maggie R. , Olea‐Popelka Francisco , Freeman Kate S.
Published: August 2017

Objective

To investigate the causes of hyphema in dogs and identify factors associated with poor visual outcomes.

Animals studied

Ninety‐nine dogs (120 eyes) that presented with hyphema.

Procedure

Medical records from the Colorado State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital between the years 2004‐2015 were reviewed.

Results

Overall, 36.4% of dogs were diagnosed with hyphema from systemic causes, 32.9% due to local ocular disease, 26.1% due to trauma, and 4.5% due to idiopathic causes. Regardless of cause, 55.4% of eyes were blind at their last recheck, but the percentage of eyes that lost vision ranged from 11.1 to 100%, depending on the cause. Causes of hyphema with poor outcomes were ocular neoplasia, chronic uveitis, and trauma. Enucleation was performed or recommended in 36 eyes (39.5%), and 27 eyes (31.4%) were diagnosed with glaucoma. Initial exam findings associated with a significantly increased risk of blindness were absent consensualPLR(odds ratio (OR) = 28.6), absent dazzle (OR = 19.4), elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) (OR = 9.1), presence of a retinal detachment (OR = 7.6), unilateral hyphema (OR = 5.8), and complete hyphema (OR = 3.9). Factors associated with a significantly increased risk of glaucoma included hyphema present for 8–30 days (OR > 6), absent consensualPLR(OR = 6.4), absent dazzle (OR = 5.3), and the presence of a retinal detachment at the final evaluation (OR = 5.8).

Conclusion

Prognosis for vision is highly dependent on the cause of hyphema and initial exam findings. Poor prognostic factors on presentation include absent dazzle, absent consensualPLR, elevatedIOP, unilateral hyphema, and complete hyphema.
Investigation of Psychological Counselling and Guidance Department Students’ Attitudes towards Homosexuality and Disability
Authors: Çerkez Yağmur , Yektaoğlu Tara , Direktör Cemaliye
Published: August 2017

The study investigates the difference in the attitudes of Turkish psychological counseling and guidance students towards homosexuality and people with disability in terms of educational level and gender. 161 Turkish students studying in North Cyprus have participated in the study. The findings show there is a significant difference in the attitudes towards people with disability favoring females. In addition, it was also found that, there is a significant difference in the attitudes towards homosexuality.
Personality and Attitude towards Teaching Profession: Mediating Role of Self Efficacy
Authors: Üstüner Mehmet
Published: August 2017

The objective of the present study is to examine the correlation between the five factor personality traits of pre-service teachers and their attitudes towards the teaching profession and to test the mediating role of the pre-service teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs. The study population included pre-service teachers that attended the "pedagogical formation course" instructed / applied in İnönü University, Faculty of Education, Department of Educational Sciences in 2015-2016 academic year. The survey sample included 382 pre-service teachers who voluntarily responded to the measurement instruments utilized in the study. The study data were collected with the "five factor personality scale", "attitudes towards the teaching profession scale" and "teacher self-efficacy scale". The obtained data were analyzed with path analysis of structural equation modeling. In conclusion, it was observed that there was a significant positive correlation between the five factor personality traits of extraversion, conscientiousness, openness and agreeableness and teacher self-efficacy belief, and there was a significant negative correlation between neuroticism personality trait and teacher self-efficacy belief. It was observed that the self-efficacy beliefs of pre-service teachers played a full mediating role between their neuroticism, openness and extraversion personality traits, and the same played a partial mediating role in the correlation between conscientiousness and agreeableness personality traits and the attitude towards the teaching profession. The implementation of a curriculum in pre-service teacher training that would increase the self-efficacy beliefs on teaching would also improve their attitudes towards the profession positively.
Anomaly detection for a vibrating structure: A subspace identification/tracking approach
Authors: Candy J. V. , Franco S. N. , Ruggiero E. L. , Emmons M. C. , Lopez I. M. , Stoops L. M.
Published: August 2017

Mechanical devices operating in noisy environments lead to low signal-to-noise ratios creating a challenging signal processing problem to monitor the vibrational signature of the device in real-time. To detect/classify a particular type of device from noisy vibration data, it is necessary to identify signatures that make it unique. Resonant (modal) frequencies emitted offer a signature characterizing its operation. The monitoring of structural modes to determine the condition of a device under investigation is essential, especially if it is a critical entity of an operational system. The development of a model-based scheme capable of the on-line tracking of structural modal frequencies by applying both system identification methods to extract a modal model and state estimation methods to track their evolution is discussed along with the development of an on-line monitor capable of detecting anomalies in real-time. An application of this approach to an unknown structural device is discussed illustrating the approach and evaluating its performance.
Further understanding of doorway states in elastic systems
Authors: Otero J. A. , Monsivais G. , Morales A. , Gutiérrez L. , Díaz-de-Anda A. , Flores J.
Published: August 2017

In a previous work an elastic bar with a groove or notch that presents a doorway state was studied when the system was excited with 20 cycles of harmonic signals. The strength function had a Lorentzian width Γd = 1/πτd, where τd is the decay time of the prompt response. In the present paper, the doorway-state phenomenon is analyzed again for the same harmonic signals but for a very large number of cycles. The strength-function phenomenon is once more obtained, but now with a Lorentzian width Γ′ which is larger than Γd. A qualitative and numerical explanation of this fact is given, leading therefore to further understanding of doorway states in elastic systems. The numerical results show a very good agreement with the values measured in the laboratory.
The bladder ran dry: bilateral ureteral obstruction
Authors: Schattner Ami , Drahy Yosef , Dubin Ina
Published: August 2017

A relatively young healthy man (barring obesity and distant gouty arthritis) was admitted with severe acute kidney injury (serum creatinine, 15.9 mg/dL) following acute gastroenteritis and occasional use of diclofenac. Abdominal ultrasound revealed mild left hydronephrosis due to staghorn stone and normal right kidney. Soon after, complete anuria necessitating haemodialysis developed without pain or evidence of infection. CT imaging revealed stones obstructing the right ureter. Following urological surgery, postobstructive diuresis developed and the serum creatinine came down to near normal. The stones were identified as uric acid stones.

Anuria has a relatively narrow differential and painless (partially non-dilated) bilateral ureteral obstruction is a distinctly unusual cause. A review of the literature to cover all reported causes of bilateral ureteral obstruction is presented. Only a minority of cases were not associated with an underlying malignant disease or its treatment. The multifactorial aetiology of the patient's acute kidney injury (volume depletion, diclofenac and obstructive uropathy) is presented and discussed.
Treatment of succinate dehydrogenase B-associated renal cancer
Authors: Fife Kate , Warren Anne
Published: August 2017

Germline mutations in the succinate dehydrogenase B (SDHB) gene are associated with a rare renal cancer with a young age of onset. It is important to raise awareness of this condition as it is dominantly inherited and is associated with other neoplasms. The diagnosis should be considered in patients with renal cancers with distinctive histology. There is little guidance in the literature about how to treat metastatic SDHB renal cancers. We report a confirmed partial response to treatment with a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, pazopanib.
Detecting the presence of leg length discrepancy based on gait deviations and functional measurement of leg length during walking
Authors: Khamis Sam , Leisman Gerry , Carmeli Eli
Published: August 2017

Leg length discrepancy (LLD) is associated with many musculoskeletal disorders. Its clinical significance is unclear mainly due to limited functional measurement capacity. An integrated approach measuring true LLD, gait deviations and functional leg length during the gait cycle, based on location of joint centre and anatomical landmarks using a three-dimensional motion analysis system was performed on two patients. In one case, strong agreement was found between all measurements thus, leading to the same treatment intervention. However, in another case, true LLD was not correlated with functional LLD or gait deviations, which led to contradictory results. Functional LLD was found to be correlated with gait deviations in both cases. Our results indicate the effectiveness of integrating into the diagnostic regimen, a dynamic method of measuring LLD, together with the functional outcome of gait deviations as a basis for decision-making regarding the presence and clinical significance of LLD in musculoskeletal disorders.
Müllerian anomaly in a woman with Hirschsprung's disease
Authors: Davis Justin , Hoover Katlyn , Kauffman Robert P
Published: August 2017

Müllerian anomalies are usually isolated or found in association with abnormalities of the renal tract. Rarely, they are encountered with coexisting Ggastrointestinal anomalies. Similarly, Hirschsprung's disease may coexist with additional somatic abnormalities, yet only a single case report has reported a müllerian anomaly coexisting with Hirschsprung's. A 35-year-old woman with long-standing dysmenorrhoea and infertility and history of Hirschsprung's disease and some components of VATER syndrome (vertebral anomalies, anal atresia, tracheoesophageal fistula, renal anomalies) underwent operative laparoscopic exploration for pelvic pain and was found to have an incidental finding of a unilateral segmentally hypoplastic uterine horn (variation of an ASRM (American Society for Reproductive Medicine) type 2C müllerian anomaly). The genetics of müllerian anomalies and Hirschsprung's disease have been extensively studied with certain loci and candidate genes theorised as being causative. An established familial relationship and heritability exists with both syndromes; however, no genetic foci have been found to connect müllerian abnormalities and Hirschsprung's disease.
‘Trident sign’ in pelvis: sinister sign with poor prognosis
Authors: Gupta Laxmikant , Yadav Mukesh , Thulkar Sanjay
Published: August 2017

The perineural spread of the cancer through the lumbosacral plexus gives an appearance of ‘trident sign’ on contrast-enhanced CT scan and MRI. It is associated with adverse survival rates and carries a poor prognostic value.
Missed opportunity for anticoagulation in a patient with AL cardiac amyloidosis and rapidly progressive heart failure
Authors: Avula Sindhu Reddy , Handa Rishin , Balakrishnan Bathmapriya , Girard Steven
Published: August 2017

A previously healthy 65-year-old woman presented with progressive symptoms of heart failure. Low-voltage ECG and findings on echocardiography were concerning for infiltrative cardiomyopathy. Cardiac MRI showed biventricular late gadolinium enhancement, and endomyocardial biopsy confirmed monoclonal immunoglobulin light-chain (AL) amyloidosis. Bortezomib-based chemotherapy was initiated, but the patient continued to clinically deteriorate. She required hospital readmission after resuscitated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest attributed to progressive conduction disease, and a permanent pacemaker was implanted. Chest CT angiography showed a small subsegmental pulmonary embolism (PE), but anticoagulation was withheld as her lower extremity Doppler was negative. One month later, another pulseless electrical arrest occurred, due to massive PE. Thereafter, she had refractory class IV congestive heart failure with severe right ventricular dysfunction, and was deemed unsuitable for stem-cell or heart transplantation. This case highlights the predilection for thromboembolism in AL cardiac amyloidosis.
Treatment of calmodulinopathy with verapamil
Authors: Webster Gregory , Schoppen Zachary J , George Alfred L
Published: August 2017

Pathological variants in genes encoding calmodulin are associated with severe clinical presentations, including recurrent ventricular fibrillation and sudden death. Beta-receptor antagonists (beta-blockers) and sodium-channel antagonists have been reported as pharmacotherapies in these disorders; however, recent data have demonstrated the importance of derangements in calcium channel inactivation. We report a sustained attempt to use calcium-channel antagonists to treat calmodulinopathy and review the treatment strategies reported in the literature to date.
Reduced dose apixaban resolving dual cardiac chamber thrombi in a patient with ischaemic cardiomyopathy in sinus rhythm
Authors: Abubakar Hossam , Shokr Mohamed , Subahi Ahmed , Rashed Ahmed
Published: August 2017

Left atrial (LA) thrombus is a known sequela of atrial fibrillation (AF) but it is less frequently encountered in patients in sinus rhythm. Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction may predispose patients without evidence of atrial tachyarrhythmias to atrial thrombosis. Warfarin is the standard treatment for cardiac chamber thrombosis and prevention of the associated thromboembolic complications. Despite that apixaban was found to be superior to warfarin in prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with AF, evidence for its use in treatment of cardiac chamber thrombi is scarce and is limited to case reports. We report a case of simultaneously occurring LV and LA thrombi successfully treated with reduced dose apixaban in a patient with ischaemic cardiomyopathy and in sinus rhythm. Although apixaban maybe a potential effective treatment for intracardiac thrombi, further studies are needed to demonstrate efficacy and safety of this agent in larger patient populations.
Spontaneous bladder rupture: unusual presentation in a haemophilic child
Authors: Rawat Jiledar , Singh Sudhir , Chaubey Digamber
Published: August 2017

A 4-year-old boy child presented with abdominal pain, haematuria, lower abdominal mass and urinary retention. There was no family history of bleeding. Ultrasound abdomen revealed an intravesical blood clot, rupture of the anterior bladder wall and perivesical haematoma. Contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) confirmed the findings. The child had a history of previous gum bleeding which prompted work-up for coagulation disorder. Investigations confirmed haemophilia. Following clotting factor replacement, surgical exploration was done. Intraoperatively, a 3 cm extraperitoneal, longitudinal tear on the anterior bladder wall was found along with haematoma in the bladder and perivesical space. Evacuation of the haematoma and repair of the bladder tear was performed. Postoperative period was uneventful, and the child was asymptomatic at 6-month follow-up. To the best of our knowledge, spontaneous bladder rupture has not been reported in a haemophilic child.
APPRAISAL OF THE FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT SCREEN IN FOOTBALL INJURY PREDICTION
Authors: Grygorowicz Monika , Michalowska Martyna , Piontek Tomasz
Published: August 2017

Background

Functional Movement Screen (FMS) has been used in the prediction of football injuries. However, the discussion continues on how sensitive and specific the test is. Lately, systematic review[McCall et al. 2014]enrolling studies published up to September 2014 and clinical commentary[Wright et al. 2016]were published underlying caution prior to implementation of the FMS into clinical practice as an injury prediction tool. Thus, it seems necessary to up-date the debate.

Objective

To provide up-to-date evidence-based summary of available evidence regarding the predictive value of FMS in football players.

Design

Critically Appraised Topic.

Setting

Amateur, collegiate Division I and II.

Patients (or Participants)

Male and female footballers.

Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors)

Medline, SPORTDiscuss/with/Full Text, Academic Search Complete, Nursing/Academic Edition, MasterFILE Premier databases were searched (on August 31st 2016) using “football”, “soccer”, “functional movement screen” keywords. Only prospective cohort studies published as full article in reviewed journals were included.

Main Outcome Measurements

Between samples – injured vs. uninjured analysis, odd ratio (OR), likelihood ratio (LR), receiver operating curve (ROC).

Results

Our search yielded 18 studies, after abstract revision 3 articles met the criteria. The first[Warrenet al. 2015]did not confirm the validity of FMS in injury prediction (OR=1.01, 95% CI 0.53–1.91). The second [Schroederet al. 2016] showed no difference between injured/uninjured players in FMS score (Z=−0.890, p=0.373), concluding FMS to be a poor predictor of injury in football players. The third[Mokhaet al. 2016]found that asymmetry was a better predictor of injury than the composite FMS score. None of the studies used LR ratio or ROC curve analyses in statistical analysis.

Conclusions

Caution is required when applying FMS in football injury prediction. It is necessary to conduct a well-designed prospective study with sufficient statistical analysis used for predictive parameters to justify the use of FMS test in injury prediction in football players.
SIDE- AND AGE-SPECIFIC POSTURAL ADAPTATIONS OF MALE ELITE JUNIOR SOCCER PLAYERS (UNDER 16, 17 & 19)
Authors: Hajduk Karen , Schmidtbleicher Dietmar
Published: August 2017

Background

Playing soccer at professional level may induce functional and structural adaptations of the neuro-musculoskeletal system based on soccer specific movement coordination due to continuous asymmetrical loadings. This may predispose young athletes in particular to pathologic conditions and increased injury risk at early stages within their careers.

Objective

The purpose was to quantify the static standing profile. It was hypothesized that the alignment differs between limbs (footedness) and age groups.

Design

Experimental, prospective cohort study.

Setting

Biomechanical assessment in clinical practice.

Patients (or Participants)

102 uninjured male elite junior soccer players aged between 16 and 19 years old reporting no former joint injury.

Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors)

Three-dimensional motion capture (SIMI Motion 3D) analysing the static standing profile.

Main Outcome Measurements

3D kinematic data of the thoracic (TH 12) and lumbar spine (L3), pelvis and hips, knees and ankles bilateral, comprising 27 variables.

Results

Kinematic data indicate age-specific differences for the amount of thoracic extension, knee adduction and external rotation of the supporting leg (p<0.05). Side-specific adaptations can be proven for functional scoliosis at the thoracolumbar junction and height of iliac crest (p<0.05). K-means analyses show significant differences for hip abduction and external rotation for the kicking leg (p<0.05). By means of correspondence analysis U19 players can be associated with lumbar scoliosis, knee varus for the supporting leg and knee valgus for the kicking leg.

Conclusions

The older the players, the more complex the functional postural adaptations. The results provide plausible explanations for increased injury risk of ACL injuries on the kicking leg, groin pain, and the need for more sophisticated injury prevention programs. From a methodological point of view, comprehensive 3D-static analysis using appropriate statistical analyses seems to be well suited for the assessment of postural deviations for large scale cohorts.
INCLUDING THE COPENHAGEN ADDUCTION EXERCISE IN THE FIFA 11+ PROVIDES MISSING ECCENTRIC HIP ADDUCTION STRENGTH EFFECT: A RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: Harøy Joar , Thorborg Kristian , Hölmich Per , Serner Andreas , Bjørkheim André , Rolstad Linn E , Bahr Roald , Andersen Thor Einar
Published: August 2017

Background

The FIFA 11+ was developed as a complete warm-up programme to prevent injuries in football players. Although reduced hip adduction strength is associated with groin injuries, none of the exercises included in the FIFA 11+ specifically target hip adduction strength.

Objective

To investigate the effect on eccentric hip adduction strength of the FIFA 11+ warm-up programme with or without the Copenhagen Adduction exercise.

Design

Randomised controlled trial.

Setting

U19 elite male football teams.

Participants

We recruited 45 eligible players from two teams. Per-protocol analyses were performed, with 12 players excluded due to low compliance (<67% of sessions completed).

Interventions

Players were randomized into two groups; one group was asked to carry out the standard FIFA 11+ program, while another group was asked to carry out the FIFA 11+, but to replace the Nordic Hamstring exercise with the Copenhagen Adduction exercise. Both groups performed the intervention three times weekly for 8 weeks. Players completed eccentric strength and sprint testing before and after the intervention.

Main Outcome Measurements

Eccentric hip adduction strength (Nm/kg).

Results

Between-group analyses showed that there was a significant difference in the change in eccentric hip adduction strength of 0.32 Nm/kg (10.1%) (p=0.006) on the left side and 0.24 Nm/kg (7.2%) (p=0.046) on the right side in favour of the group performing the Copenhagen Adduction exercise. There was no within-group change in eccentric hip adduction strength in the group that did not perform the Copenhagen adduction exercise (left side: −0.03 Nm/kg (−0.8%) p=0.79, right side: −0.02 Nm/kg (−0.7%) p=0.78).

Conclusions

Including the Copenhagen Adduction exercise to the FIFA 11+ programme increases eccentric hip adduction strength, while the standard FIFA 11+ programme does not. We therefore suggest adding the Copenhagen Adduction exercise to the FIFA 11+ to potentially prevent groin problems.
NO RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FLOOR TYPE AND MATCH INJURY PATTERNS IN GERMAN MEN'S PROFESSIONAL HANDBALL
Authors: Henke Thomas , Luig Patrick
Published: August 2017

Background

Injuries are likely to negatively affect both individual and team performance in German men's professional handball. The influence of different floor types on injury patterns has not been clearly established.

Objective

Analysis of match injury frequency and patterns in relation to floor types.

Design

Prospective observational cohort study.

Setting

Two highest German professional leagues in men's handball.

Participants

All first and second league handball players (n=818) of the 2014–2015 season.

Assessment of Risk Factors

Analysis of all injuries of these players that were registered by clubs or physicians with the VBG (German statutory accident insurance for the administrative sector) as part of the occupational accident reporting and that either led to the player's short-term disability (time-loss) and/or to medical treatment costs (medical-attention).

Main Outcome Measurements

Injury prevalence, injury incidence, injured body parts, type of injury, short-term disability.

Results

641 of the 818 observed players (78.4%) were injured. In total 1,988 injuries were recorded. Of these, 798 injuries occurred during competitive match play (40.1%). The overall match incidence was 71.2 injuries/1,000 h. 51.0% of competitive matches were played on PVC, 36.0% on wood and 13.0% on linoleum. The injury incidences for these three floor types did not differ significantly (PVC: 67.4/1,000 h, linoleum: 73.4/1,000 h, wood: 72.8/1,000 h). Moreover, no significant difference was observed for injured body region, severity of injury or playing position with regard to the floor type. However, there were trends toward significance for very severe injuries (>90 days time-loss) on PVC floors and goalkeeper injuries on linoleum floors.

Conclusions

There seems to be no direct relationship between floor types used in the two highest German men's handball leagues and match injury patterns. Further studies should eventually pay more attention to the floor conditions in handball arenas, especially in view of resin use, rather than to the floor type.
GERMAN TRANSLATION AND CONTENT VALIDATION OF THE OSTRC QUESTIONNAIRE ON OVERUSE INJURIES AND HEALTH PROBLEMS
Authors: Hirschmüller Anja , Steffen Kathrin , Fassbender Katharina , Clarsen Ben , Leonhard Reiner , Konstantinidis Lukas , Südkamp Norbert P , Kubosch Eva Johanna
Published: August 2017

Background

The importance of a standardised injury and illness surveillance system in elite sports has recently often been highlighted. The OSTRC Questionnaire on Health Problems was developed and validated at the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre in Norway and showed very good validity.

Objective

The aim of this study was to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre Questionnaire on Health Problems into the German context.

Design

A slightly modified back-translation method was used to translate the questionnaire. Validation was done in 24 high-level Paralympic athletes followed over 20 consecutive weeks.

Setting

Web-based weekly distribution of the translated OSTRC questionnaire for 20 weeks.

Patients (or Participants)

24 athletes of the German National Cycling Team.

Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors)

None.

Main Outcome Measurements

internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha) test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient), weekly response rate, lost training-days, Incidence of illness or injury.

Results

The translated version of the questionnaire showed a very high internal consistency and good test-retest reliability (Cronbach's Alpha 0.92, ICC 0.91). Additionally, we observed high acceptance and compliance from our cohort of athletes, whose mean weekly response rate was 91.5%. Overall, 114 training-days were lost because of illness or injury within the 20 weeks. On average, five athletes per week (20.8%) reported health problems.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that the translated German version of the OSTRC Questionnaire is a reliable and valid tool with high internal consistency for the medical monitoring of German athletes. The OSTRC-G now offers the opportunity for a continued surveillance of high-level German athletes.
NORDIC HAMSTRING EXERCISE STRENGTH CHANGES OVER A SEASON IN ACADEMY FOOTBALLERS
Authors: Huggins Sam , Davies Nicholas , Evans Kate , Williams Morgan
Published: August 2017

Background

The Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) has been utilised within Hamstring Strain Injury prevention programmes. However, there is a concern amongst some that once a football season has commenced, there is insufficient time to include the NHE due to short turn around between matches. To date, changes in strength have not been documented over a season.

Objective

To determine if changes in strength measured during the NHE using a commercially available device can occur as the season progresses.

Design

Time series design that involved measures of Nordic exercise strength (NES) obtained throughout the 2015–2016 season whist undertaking a hamstring strengthening intervention.

Setting

Professional Football Academy.

Patients (or Participants)

33 male football academy players aged between 16 and 21 years.

Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors)

One session of 2 sets 3–6reps NHE in addition to normal posterior chain strengthening exercises weekly.

Main Outcome Measurements

NES (mean of left and right limbs) and between limb difference (%) were analysed by phase of the season (i.e., pre-season pre-Christmas, post-Christmas and end of season periods).

Results

At pre-season the NES and between limb difference baseline data was 337±68N and 9±6%. Increases were observed in NES from pre-season to pre-Christmas (16N, P=0.0126) and post-Christmas to end of the season (15N, P=0.0180). Over the Christmas period the increase was smaller (5N, P=0.3871). The between limb scores, however, remained stable (P=0.6010). Post-hoc analysis revealed a negative association (r=-0.65) between preseason NES and the change in NES from baseline to end of the preseason.

Conclusions

Most players increased their NES over the season, yet imbalance between limbs remaining stable throughout. Stronger players of the squad at the start of pre-season did not improve as much as their weaker colleagues. The weekly low volume stimulus may offer an adequate stimulus to develop strength.
SPORTS SPECIALIZED RISKS FOR REINJURY IN YOUNG ATHLETES: A 2+ YEAR CLINICAL PROSPECTIVE EVALUATION
Authors: Jayanthi Neeru
Published: August 2017

Background

We previously demonstrated an independent risk of sports specialization in young athletes. However, there is no longitudinal study on the risks of sports specialization and reinjury in young athletes.

Objective

To determine the longitudinal risk factors for sports specialization in a clinical population of young athletes. To outline the patterns of reinjury in this clinical population.

Design

Prospective cohort observational study.

Setting

Multicenter clinical study from sports medicine clinics and pediatric/family medicine offices.

Patients (or Participants)

Young athletes 7–18 years old presenting for sports-related injury to a sports medicine clinic or for for a sports physical.

Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors)

Each subject is enrolled at baseline and then given follow up survey every 6 months for up to 3 years. We assessed the following risk factors: Sex, Age, Age of specialization, degree of sports specialization, training volume (organized, free play), year round training (>8 months).

Main Outcome Measurements

Injury, injury type (acute, overuse, serious overuse), clinical diagnosis.

Results

There were 1191 subjects analysed at baseline, with a total of 1083 follow up evaluations for up to 3 years of follow up. There were 39.4% (427/1083) injured follow up evaluations, 60.6%(656/1083) uninjured. Of the 427 injuries, 69.6% (297/427) were a reinjury (142 repeat injury (same location) and 155 recurrent injury. There were 134 new injuries. Injured follow up subjects were more likely to be female (p<0.02), report age of specialization <12 (p=0.03) and participate in year round training>8 mths/yr (p<0.03), and a higher proportion were more highly specialized.

Conclusions

Young athletes are more likely to develop a reinjury than a new injury on follow ups up to 3 years. Athletes specializing <12 years old and female young athletes were more likely to develop injury. Similar to baseline, there was a higher proportion of injured highly specialized athletes.