bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The first edition of the «Eneida» by Ivan Kotliarevskyi (1798) of the National Muzeum in Prague Library (from the personal library by Pavel Joseph Šafařik)
Authors: Ilnytska Luiza
Published: April 2020

We study the exemplar of the first edition of the «Eneida» (1798) by I. Kotlyarevskyi from the personal library of the famous Slavist Pawel Joseph Šafařik, which is kept in the Dept. of Manuscripts and old prints of the National Museum in Prague Library. The book was offered to P. J. Šafařik by the known Russian and Ukrainian scholar Osyp Bodyanskyi. The influence of «Eneida» on the «Naski Ukrainian Tales» (1835) by O. Bodyanskyi is confirmed by the works of Ivan Franko, where compares the national flavor of both books. We analyse the letters of O. Bodyanskyi to P. Šafařik during 1836–1857 years, published by Leonid Biletskyi (Pragus, 1932) from the archive of P. Šafařik in Prague, as well as the letters of Šafařik to Bodyanskyi during 1838–1857 years, prepared for publication by Petro Lavrov and Mykhaylo Nestorovych Speranskyi (Moscow, 1895). The letter exchange between these scholar-slavists provides grounds for exposing the international and intercultural connections. We define the areas of a common interest of O. Bodyanskyi and P. Šafařik which are: the book exchange, especially the scientific literature on Slavic studies, publishing of Slavic artefacts, providing the information on Ukraine, its language, population, history and literature by O. Bodyanskyi for the «Slavic folk studies» of P. Šafařik. We emphasize on the personal acquaintance of both scholars in Prague in 1837, confirm their contribution in establishing the status of Ukrainian language as an independent one among the other Slavic languages. The also brought into attention the fact that Taras Shevchenko first came across the studies of Šafařik via O. Bodyanskyi, and he regarded the role of the Chech scholar in Slavic revival in the first half of 19ct. We also pay particular attention to the history of the autograph of T. Shevchenko — the beginning of the poem «Ivan Gus» (later, the «Heretic») dedicated to P. Šafařik. This autograph was sent by Vasyl Bilozerskyi to the Narodnyi Dim Library in Lviv in 1863.
Publication of foreign-language literature of XIX-middle of XX centuries in Vasyl Stefanyk National Scientific Library of Ukraine in Lviv: сharacteristics and preview
Authors: Bereza Oksana , Melnyk-Khokha Galyna
Published: April 2020

The main task of the work is to characterize the array of foreign-language literature of XIX — middle of XX centuries of the funds of the Vasyl Stefanyk Lviv National Scientific Library of Ukraine. The foreign-language fund’s research includes a general analysis of the printed documents, establishing a history of existence and preserving the units of the collection, as well as the revealing of provenances and proprietary inscriptions that appear on editions.

The fund of the sector of foreign-language literature of XIX — middle of XX centuries is analyzed on the basis of rarity and value criteria. The linguistic components of the corpus of publications are highlighted: Polishlanguage literature — about 30%, literature in German — about 40%, literature in French — about 25% and 5% in other languages.

The work on printed documents explores and describes provenances and proprietary inscriptions that indicate the history of existence and preservation. Due to the work with printed documents, membership of private libraries and book collections, libraries of educational establishments of different levels of subordination, public libraries, reading rooms as well as membership of religious, social and political, military organizations was established.

Thematic content of publications is elaborated according to the branch and printed documents on astronomy, mathematics, physics, chemistry, linguistics as well as on religious, local, legal, juridical (normative documents), didactic and military literature are allocated. Fine literature, as a rule, is represented by lifetime editions and republications.

When working with the fund, there are single copies of printed documents that are not displayed in open electronic sources.

Thus, in the process of work on the formation and revealing of the fund, interesting patterns of Halychyna’s cultural heritage and samples of Western European literature were explored. Scientific and bibliographic description and analysis of the book array that have been conducted will become a common source of library and book research.

Keywords: publication, provenances, proprietary inscriptions, stamp, theme, Halychyna.
Volodymyra Bozhejko’s & her family letters Stanislav Liudkevych
Authors: Horak Yakym
Published: April 2020

The article bears witness to the history of relationship between composer and pianist. The extant letters (31 in all) are published with the scientific commentary for the first time, as well as letters of her father Ivan Bozhejko (2 in all), and a letter of her brother Yuliy Bozhejko to Stanislav Liudkevych. The pianists’ letters span the years from 1919 to 1947 — the time of her piano studies in Vienna, and later her employment as a piano teacher in Peremyshl subsidiary school of Higher Music Institute.
The letters reveal the methodology of Liudkevuch professional tutoring of his student: he were the first music journalist, who met with great eclait the bright talent of a young pianist in a Peremyschl girls’ Liceum, extant in two articles of acclaim in 1911 and 1912.
After the graduation from the Austrian Academy of Arts & Letters in a piano masterclass of E. Lialevytch , S. Liudkevych sent the letter of support on behalf of V. Bozhejko to prominent Austrian pianists Paul Weingartner and Emil Sauer, recommending the young pianist to enter Meisterschule in Vienna. Due to Liudkevuch support continued her studies in Meisterschule, and at a later date, in a Neuer Vienna Conservatoire, in the class of pianist Andjelo Cessisoglu of Greece. The letters bear witness to Viennies Promenade Concert Series, as a vibrant milieu the young Ukrainian pianist crafted her musicianship of a rich connoiseur’s appreciation of the artists of brilliance. The letters bear witness to her warm and sincere relationship with Stanislav Liudkevych, where she conveys her impressions of Vienna Concert Series, accounts of her teachers and studies, personal and family matters.
During her studies in 1923 the pianist played the Recital Concert in Lviv, which met the great eclait of Stanislav Liudkevich, where he called it the Klavierabend of a premiere eclait in his acclaim article in a press, as a success were a unique resonance as a Ukrainian Concert Series.
The letters of pianist's employment in a Peremyschl Subsidiary School of Higher Music Institute bear V. Bojeyko’s witness of Stanislav Liudkevych signifacance as a tutor to her arstistic endeavour, performance of his compositions, the musicianship’s intricacies and craft, revealed in her dialogs with the composer. This dialog were coninued througout their lives, as a piano teacher in Peremyschlyany Subsidiary School, and in calamities of war.
Keywords: Volodymyra Bozheyko, Ivan Bozheyko, Yuliy Bozheyko, letters, concerts, Vienna, Paul Wiengartner, Emil Zauer, Angelo Cessisoglu, Meisterschule, Neue Vienna Musichochschule, Peremyschl, the Higher Music Insti¬tute subsidiary school, Stanislaw Liudkevych.
Questions of the Ukrainian bibliography on the correspondence Yur Mezhenko with Fedir Maxymenko (1944–1969)
Authors: Dzyuban Roman
Published: April 2020

On the basis of the correspondence, an attempt was made to highlight the mutual interest of Y. Mezhenko, which laid the foundations of modern Ukrainian bibliography and his colleague by profession F. Maksymenko in the context of the Ukrainian bibliography and its history. The Evolution of views on the tasks of the Ukrainian bibliography at a distance of time during the long period of communication in the 1940s – 1960s is considered. The study addresses the issues and problems of the Ukrainian bibliography, which were of great concern to both prominent Ukrainian bibliographers at the time. This paper intends to describe the environment in which Ukrainian bibliographers had to live and explain the level of scientific freedom in the USSR as well as to partially present their characters and the realities of their existence. In order to achieve this, a descriptive method is generally employed Historical principles are also especially emphasized. As we can see, even in difficult times of Soviet totalitarianism, issues of Ukrainian bibliography in the correspondence of Y. Mezhenko and F. Maksimenko occupy a leading position. In spite of remote communication and constant professional workload, both colleagues in the profession managed to keep track of all the news in the bibliography not only in Ukraine but also in the USSR and abroad. The material of this article can be used in university lectures and textbooks in the history of Ukrainian bibliography.

Keywords: Ukrainian bibliography, bibliographer, history, F. Maksymenko, Y. Mezhenko, letter, correspondence, index, publication, catalog.
«Highly respected master!»: correspondence of Jacques Hnizdovsky and Roman Ferencevych. 1977–1985 (in the Manuscript Division of Vasyl Stefanyk National Scientific Library of Ukraine in Lviv)
Authors: Senyk Yaroslav
Published: April 2020

The article describes correspondence of the world-known artist Jacques Hnizdovsky and the editor Roman Ferencevych, kept in the Manuscript Division of Stefanyk National Scientific Library of Ukraine in Lviv.

Thirty three letters of Jacques Hnizdovsky that reveal his creative workshop during the heyday of his artistic talent, as well as twelve letters of Roman Ferencevych are presented to the scholar public for the first time. The Appendix contains six letters of R. Ferentsevych’s correspondence concerning Jacques Hnizdovsky, and also the letter of Stefanie Hnizdovsky.

Roman Ferencevych, a printer and then a broadcaster in the Voice of America (Ukrainian service), first met Jacques Hnizdovsky in Svoboda printing plant in Jersey City, N. J. where he made impressions of larger-sized woodcuts. Hnizdovsky made a bookplate woodcut for the book collection of R. Ferencevych in 1979. The artist used the ink roller as a symbol of the noble profession of printing. In 1985 Jacques Hnizdovsky made the second bookplate using the Cyrillic initials «РФ».

The following issues were reflected in the correspondence: creativity, directions of activity and various professional interests of the artist, ways of popularizing his art in the USA, Great Britain, Canada, China; his cooperation with art and professional organizations, academic institutions, as well as art galleries in the USA, Canada, and Western Europe; application of the Ukrainian alphabet letters in printing art; activities of Ukrainian art institutions in the US and Canada.

Keywords: Jacques Hnizdovsky, Roman Ferencevych, Correspondence, Bookplate (Ex Libris), Woodcut.
The SAC as a Community of Practice: A Case Study of Peer-Run Conversation Sessions at the Universidad del Caribe
Authors: Acuña González Elvira del Carmen , Avila Pardo Magdalena , Holmes Lewendon Jane Elisabeth
Published: April 2020

The present article describes how the development of the ‘conversation sessions’ in the self-access centre (SAC) fostered a Community of Practice (CoP) as theorised by Lave & Wenger (1991). Our SAC is at a government-funded university in Cancun, Mexico. The conversation sessions were implemented with the aim to offer our EFL students the opportunity to practice speaking on a regular basis to complement their English programme. These peer-run conversations, in turn, are one of the key elements that led to the creation of a CoP where SAC users and personnel share a repertoire of resources and conventions created over time in order to form, transmit and advance knowledge.
CHANGES IN THE SPORTS ACHIEVEMENT FOR 5000 METERS DISTANCE RUNNING FOLLOWING NORMOBARIC HYPOXIA TRAINING
Authors: Bonova Iveta
Published: April 2020

The aim of this study is to investigate the changes in the sports achievements for 5,000 meters running as a result of interval normobaric hypoxia training. Ten college sportsmen preparing for national and students long distance track and field championships, were randomly assigned into two groups - Experimental and Control. The Experimental group performed 3 training sessions weekly with interval normobaric hypoxia. The experiment was of 6 weeks duration. Every new week the hypoxic stimulus was increased with 500 m simulated altitude while speed of running remained constant during the whole experiment. The training speed of running was determined individually as 70% from the maximal running speed at VO2 max from incremental cardio-pulmonary test to exhaustion. The control group was performing standard training at 560 m altitude. The results show statistically significant improvement (p< 0.05) in the sports results in the experimental group which improved their personal best records in 5000 m long distance. The results also show small, but significant increase in VO2 max for the Experimental group, while there is not such a tendency in the Control group
ALLOMETRIC SCALING OF WINGATE ANAEROBIC TESTSCORES IN YOUNG SOCCER PLAYERS
Authors: Petrova Borislava
Published: April 2020

In this study, we: (a) developed allometric exponents for scaling Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) power data that are effective in controlling body mass(BM) influence; and (b) established a normative WAnT data set for young soccer players. Forty-six players completed a standard WAnT. Allometric exponents and percentile ranking for peak power (PP), average power (AP) and power output for 30 s (W 30 s) were established. Allometric exponents “b” for PP, AP and W (30 s) scaled for BM were 0.72,0.78 and 0.85 respectively using braking force 75 g.kg-1, markedly higher from the theoretical suggested of b=0.67. The study shows the possibilities of applying the allometric scaling in the coaches practice. If these exponents in allometric scaling of young soccer players are used, WAnT power values will provide coaches with valid means for comparing power production between individuals without the confounding influence of BM.
CORRELATION BETWEEN MOTOR ABILITIES OF ELITE FEMALE FOOTBALL PLAYERS
Authors: Peev Petar , Gadev Marin
Published: April 2020

Focus of this research is the relationship between the motor abilities. The interest in this topic is dictated from the fact that there isn’t enough information about it in elite female football. For the purpose of the research we made tests to define the level of development of the motor abilities of 68 elite female football players. We also made a descriptive statistics and correlation analysis and we received the following results: descriptive statistics shows that the researched indicators are highly homogeneous (in range of V% =2,67 to 5,05); the correlation between accelerative abilities and maximal sprinting abilities is moderate and positive (r= 0,634); the correlation between power abilities with explosive character and other researched abilities is moderate and negative (r= -0,430, r= -0,494, r= -0,455); the speed endurance abilities have moderate to strong and positive correlation with the accelerative and maximal sprinting abilities (r= 0,600, r= 0,809). Conclusions: 1) Improving the power abilities with explosive character creates beneficial conditions in development of the other motor abilities; 2) Improving of the speed abilities is a major component of the conditioning in female soccer; 3) The most important factor for improving the speed endurance is creating a “speed reserve”.
STUDY OF THE RELAXING EFFECT OF SLOW-DYNAMIC GYMNASTIC EXERCISES
Authors: Angelov Vladimir
Published: April 2020

Introduction: The relaxation is a psychophysiological state of a person and in particular of athletes. On the basis of the literature sources, two main types of relaxation can be defined – physical and mental. Physical relaxation can be employed to reduce muscular tension and to improve coordination during the performance. It can be suggested that this psychophysiological state creates appropriate conditions for the development of flexibility, speed and all psychomotor qualities. That’s why an alternative new means with relaxing effect in this study will be investigated. Aim: The aim of the study is to prove that the slow-dynamic gymnastic exercises practice leads to reduction of muscular tension. According to the hypothesis of the research, the application of the mentioned exercises will increase the performers’ sense of relaxation. The object of the study is a specialized set of gymnastic exercises which includes dynamic gymnastic exercises performed with slow movements and holding of static poses. Methods: The assessment of the relaxation degree was made through physiological and psychological parameters. The collected physiological data included heart rate, breathing frequency, blood pressure, and finger skin temperature measurement. The psychological data were assessed with Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory and four-point Likert-type scale for self-rated relaxation. The measurements were made before and after the execution of the exercises. Results: Statistically significant changes were found for all variables studied, except systolic blood pressure. The comparison of the collected data from the two measurements showed the greatest differences in three indicators after the application of slow-dynamic gymnastic exercises – a decrease in the Spielberger Inventory results (-7.3 points, p
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MOTOR COORDINATION ABILITIES OF 9-10-YEAR OLD BOYS ON THE BASIS OF REGIONAL (DEMOGRAPHYC) BENCHMARK CONTEXT
Authors: Tankoucheva Nikolina
Published: April 2020

Changes in socio-economic life are related to new challenges affecting the growing children as well. Reduced motor activity as a consequence of the ubiquitous presence of new technologies, urbanization and social changes, increasing of schooling activity and others, lead to degradation of the physical health, changes in the physical development and fitness of the younger generation. The purpose of the study is to establish whether there is a difference in the manifestation of motor coordination abilities of 9-10-year-old boys from different regions of Bulgaria classified by population. Backwards ball throw test, Low jump test and Orientation shuttle run test were used for measurement of the motor coordination abilities of 9-10-year-old-boys. The demographic factor was determined forming 5 groups depending on the population. The results provide clear evidence that there are statistically significant differences in manifestation of the motor coordination abilities of 9-10 years-old boys depending on the number of town population. The most significant practical difference was observed for Orientation shuttle run test or for kinesthetic ability of the low limbs. Multiple comparisons showed that for the first test - Backwards ball throw test there were not statistical differences between small cities and Sofia city. Probably the pupils from the small cities are as talented to perform the coordination exercises as those in Sofia city. For the second test – Low jump test results showed statistically significant differences for almost all compared pairs. The same conclusion is valid also for Orientation shuttle run test. This means that the number of the population can be a differentiating factor for the manifestation of various motor skills, including motor coordination abilities.
EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY AIMED AT IMPROVING THE FRONT-LEG KICK SPEED IN KARATE
Authors: Penov Radoslav , Chalakov Milen
Published: April 2020

That article aims to present the development of an experimental methodology that improves the speed of kicks in Karate. The rationale behind creating the methodology is the fact that the speed of kicks in Karate is instrumental for overcoming the opponent. In addition, kicks are among the most commonly used techniques in matches. Therefore, our goal was to study the effect of applying the methodology we created onto improving the speed of kicks in Karate. In order to conduct the study, we used a video-computerized system to record and analyze the speed of kicks performed by the participants in the experiment. The results concerning the speeds of kicks were measured in identical ways in order to make sure that the survey was performed under uniform conditions. The input data was processed by means of kinematics analysis software. To prove the credibility of the data registered, we applied the necessary statistical analysis methods. We hope that by applying the methodology that we developed and have presented in this article, more coaches will start using modern tools and methods in order to improve the quality of the training process in Karate.
EXPLORING THE EFFECTS OF COLD-WATER SWIMMING ON OBESE POPULATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Theodorou Maria , Kabir Russell
Published: April 2020

Background: Obesity is a life-threatening condition linked to various diseases in all ages. Most common interventions focus on physical activity though there are some drawbacks limiting peoples’ participation in exercise. Swimming targets these limitations offering promising results to people who wish to improve their lifestyle. Objectives: The aim of this review is it to investigate the effects cold water can have on the obese population. This will be done by examining the physiological effects of swimming, understanding if different water temperatures can result in different outcomes and finding any other benefits that come along with swimming exercise. Search Strategy: PubMed, EbscoHost and Google Scholar are used as search engines to find the appropriate papers using the words obese, overweight, swim, aquatics, water immersion. A systematic review summarises the findings of primary research papers. This review is based according to the PICO guidelines and all the selected papers are evaluated using the CASP tool. A meta-synthesis summarises the results of the papers. Results: Results indicated that swimming helps people lose weight while providing additional benefits such as decreasing joint pain in people suffering from osteoarthritis. Furthermore, positive results are seen in anthropometric measures, physiological responses, and body composition. Conclusions: It is concluded that water-based exercise can prove an effective intervention for obese people wishing to lose weight. Results were seen from different protocols and water temperature was difficult to monitor. Future research should use the same exercise design in various water temperatures to fully understand the differences in the results.
TEMPO-RHYTHMIC ABILITIES OF THE GYMNASTS AS A FACTOR DETERMINING THE DIFFICULTY OF COMPOSITE SOLUTION OF COMPETITIVE ROUTINE IN GROUP ROUTINES DEPENDING ON THE CHOICE OF MUSICAL ACCOMPANIMENT
Authors: Suprun Aleksandra , Medvedeva Elena , Titova Anna , Borisova Vera
Published: April 2020

Starting from 2018 the judges began to evaluate the level of difficulty of the compositions with an open scale according to the rules of the competition. The article is devoted to the evaluation of the compositional difficulty of competitive compositions of group routines in rhythmic gymnastics. One of the factors that determines both the difficulty of the composition and the synchronization of motor interaction execution by sportswomen in group routines is defined. The purpose of this research is to justify the necessity of taking into account tempo-rhythmic abilities of gymnasts that predetermine difficulty of compositional decision of competitive program in group routines. The objective of this study is to reveal the correlational interconnections between tempo-rhythmic abilities and expert evaluations of synchronicity of group motor activity. The methods that were applied in are an expert evaluation that assesses the synchronization of motor actions of gymnasts in group routines and testing that consists of listening to and playing of parts of pieces of music of different rhythmic patterns. The revealed correlational interconnections allow increasing the synchronicity of motor actions of gymnasts in group routines that will make competitive programs more qualitative and spectacular.
PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS AND CONFLICT PREDISPOSITIONS IN TEAMS MARITZA AND RAKOVSKI FROM BULGARIAN WOMEN’S NATIONAL VOLLEYBALL LEAGUE
Authors: Ivanov Ivan , Kotev Vladimir
Published: April 2020

Introduction: In the game of volleyball, game efficiency is based not only on physical preparation and technical skills. A great deal of it depends on the players’ abilities to cooperate, communicate and adapt to the psychosocial aspects of team group dynamics. In this study we attempt to establish the players’ behavior in conflict situations, their basic personality characteristics and how these influence some game indicators. Methodology: 1) Background information; 2) Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument (1977); 3) Big Five Personality Test developed by Goldberg (1992). Results: The results of our research reveal that the scale with the highest result is Compromising, which is the trait described by both assertiveness and cooperativeness. We have significant differences between teams and age groups in terms of the scale Competing from the Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument and Conscientiousness and Agreeableness from the Big Five Personality Test. Conclusions: The younger players are more open and try to find more information about the sports environment and learn more about the game and their personal growth. The higher the qualification and the age, the more the players prefer competing and being assertive in their interpersonal relationships. The lower-level players prefer clearer rules and instructions. The players from Maritza are more sport-aggressive and with a higher winners’ attitude.
Responsible Solutions
Authors: Silver Jay Sterling
Published: April 2020

At the end of Brian Tamanaha’s instant classic, Failing Law Schools, tracing the economic forces behind exorbitant law school tuition and graduate debt and unemployment, he lays out his plan to help resolve the crisis. He would eliminate tenure, dispense with the final year of law school, rely heavily on adjuncts and apprenticeships, and loosen the ABA accreditation standards mandating “one-size-fitsall” law schools to allow the marketplace to fashion more affordable models of legal education. Some schools would remain in the traditional, three-year mode, with faculty conducting research. Others would morph into, or spring up spontaneously as, the “law school parallel . . . of vocational colleges.” Very candidly, Tamanaha explained that the “two-year law schools . . . would be dumping grounds for the middle class and the poor . . . . Few children of the rich will end up in these law schools.” He calls the plan “‘differentiated’ legal education.” Others, including Paul Campos, founder of the Inside the Law School Scam web blog and author of Don’t Go To Law School (Unless), and the ABA Task Force (“Task Force”) on the Future of Legal Education, have endorsed Tamanaha’s prescription.
Resoling International Shoe
Authors: Doernberg Donald L.
Published: April 2020

Something has got to give. The Supreme Court has retreated from more than seven decades of personal jurisdiction analysis. After Goodyear Dunlop Tires Operations, S.A. v. Brown, the Court’s jurisprudence of general jurisdiction looked like an M.C. Escher print. If read fast enough, it appeared to make sense. Closer examination reveals an intellectual structure as impossible as anything that Escher could have drawn. Then the Court made it worse in Daimler AG v. Bauman. The Court seemingly has begun a project to rein in what it now regards as states’ unreasonable (and therefore unconstitutional) assertions of general jurisdiction over corporations. It has implicitly backed away from some of International Shoe’s minimum-contacts analysis that dominated the law of constitutional personal jurisdiction since 1945. Goodyear and Daimler create a far more restrictive concept of corporate presence. If the Court purports to retain International Shoe’s principle that jurisdictional exercises be fair and reasonable, it has implicitly but unmistakably undermined a jurisdictional basis that long antedates International Shoe and that the Court unanimously reaffirmed only two decades ago in Burnham v. Superior Court—individuals’ receipt of service of process while in the forum.
Toward a Heterodox Property Law and Economics
Authors: Yuille Lua Kamal
Published: April 2020

Property law is profoundly unsatisfying. This statement is not meant to suggest that property is wrong or bad. Nor does it mean to take issue with any particular rule of property law, at least in a way that is not already reflected in the rich property literature. Rather, property law is unsatisfying because, often, its settlements and compromises seem wanting and iniquitous, even while envisioned alternatives seem untenable and unfair. Indeed, the standard first-year Property syllabus reads like a compendium of the Catch-22.
Introduction to the Symposium Edition, New Technology and Old Law
Authors: Rich Lisa A.
Published: April 2020

This special Symposium Edition of the Texas A&M Law Review contains selected articles from presenters at the Fall Symposium entitled New Technology and Old Law: Rethinking National Security held at the Texas A&M School of Law on October 17, 2014. The symposium brought together some of the country’s leading scholars and practitioners on issues related to national security. Symposium participants specifically examined the challenges presented to existing domestic and international-legal frameworks to adapt to emerging national security threats. Panelists provided critical analysis of major issues including the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)/drones, big data and mass surveillance, cyber security and issues of privacy, the growth of asymmetric warfare, and challenges from new coalitions such as ISIS/ISIL.
Emerging Biotechnologies and the 1972 Biological Weapons Convention
Authors: Sutton Victoria
Published: April 2020

In light of the quandaries presented by domestic law, has the Biological Weapons Convention of 1972 (“BWC”) also been so outpaced by the technologies that it is no longer effective and meaningful in international law? Part II will examine the continuum of official actions that have attempted to keep pace with the growing biotechnologies that may present threats to global biosecurity through interpreting the BWC. Part III looks at how these definitions may not be sufficient. Finally, Part IV looks at other mechanisms that may provide a better way of controlling biological weapons than redefining the technologies through the current processes.
General-theoretical characteristics of workers 'rights on leisure
Authors: Bahriy Vasylʹ
Published: April 2020

In the article the specifics of workers' right to rest are analyzed. The essential characteristics of this legal phenomenon are detailed. The theoretical and legal basis of workers' rest is determined. The author's interpretation of the employees' right to rest is provided
The current state of legal regulation of the release of civil servants: positive and negative aspects
Authors: Kutsevich А.
Published: April 2020

The specificity of the legal regulation of passing civil service in Ukraine (labor relations with civil servants) is that it is at the same time implemented by the rules of labor legislation and the rules of special legislation on civil service. The dismissal from the civil service is the final stage of its passage, which is accompanied by the loss of the civil servant status. Legal regulation of the order of civil servants dismissal is carried out taking into account the priority of special norms over the general ones, that is, first of all, the provisions of the Law of Ukraine “On Civil Service” apply. This article explores the current state of regulation of dismissal of civil servants. It has been established that it is a dismissal of civil servants and what are the grounds for it. It is determined how the dismissal of civil servants at each stage of this process is regulated. Positive and negative aspects of the current state of legal regulation of the dismissal of civil servants are highlighted.
Credits 5.1 // Créditos 5.1
Authors: Sanz Alonso Irene
Published: April 2020

Credits 5.1
Introduction: Northern Nature // Introducción: Naturaleza del norte
Authors: Bigell Werner
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Northern Nature
"for terror of the deadness beyond": Arctic Environments and Inhuman Ecologies in Michelle Paver’s Dark Matter // "por terror a lo inerte más allá": Entornos árticos y ecologías inhumanas en La materia oscura de Michelle Paver
Authors: Merola Nicole M.
Published: April 2020

In this essay I examine Michelle Paver’s 2010 novel Dark Matter, a ghost story, for how her use of the gothic and horror contributes to undermining pastoral and romantic fantasies about the Arctic. Drawing on the history of whale, walrus, and seal hunting in Svalbard, the site of the novel’s 1937 scientific expedition, and my own experience there, I look at the tension Paver creates between the beauty of the Svalbard environment and its long history as a location for human violence against nonhuman animals. I suggest that, through the figure of the gengånger, or “one who walks again,” and the built environment and relics in Svalbard, Paver works to transmit both the violence of harvesting marine mammals and the violence men perpetrate against each other in the name of resource extraction. In this essay I engage in dialogue with recent environmental humanities work on ecophobia, dark ecologies, and the ecocritical uses of fear, and argue for the consideration of the ghost story, a genre little studied by ecocritics. Through highlighting the novel’s focus on violence linked to extractive practices, I suggest, finally, that Dark Matter performs two important functions: it records past inhuman ecologies and it opens out onto a reading of contemporary Arctic geopolitics. Resumen Este ensayo analiza cómo el uso de narrativas góticas y de terror en la novela de Michelle Paver Dark Matter (La materia oscura, 2010), un cuento de fantasmas, debilita las fantasías bucólicas y románticas del Ártico.  Recurriendo a la historia de la caza de ballenas, morsas y focas en Svalbard, el emplazamiento de la expedición científica de 1937 de la novela, así como mi propia experiencia allí, analizo la tensión creada por Paver entre la belleza del medio ambiente de Svalbard y su larga historia como lugar de violencia humana contra animales no-humano.  Sugiero que, a través de la figura del gengänger, o “el que anda otra vez,” las reliquias y el medio ambiente construido de Svalbard, Paver intenta transmitir tanto la violencia de la cosecha y comercio de mamíferos marinos como la que perpetúan los hombres contra sí mismos en nombre de la extracción de recursos.  En este ensayo entro en dialogo con el trabajo reciente de las humanidades medioambientales sobre la ecofobia, las ecologías oscuras, y el uso del miedo en la ecocrítica, y propongo el estudio del cuento de fantasmas, un género que ha recibido poca atención de los ecocríticos.  Al destacar el foco de la novela sobre la violencia relacionada con las prácticas de extracción, sugiero, finalmente, que Dark Matter, tiene dos funciones importantes: graba ecologías inhumanas del pasado y abre una lectura de la geopolítica del Ártico contemporánea.
Saviors, "Sealfies," and Seals: Strategies for Self-Representation in Contemporary Inuit Films // Salvadores, "sealfies" y focas: Estrategias de autorepresentación en películas inuit contemporáneas
Authors: Athens Allison K.
Published: April 2020

The legibility of the inter-relationships between human and seal is what is at stake when Inuit present themselves within administrative discourses at international assemblies in defense of their ontology and the right to hunt seals. In the language of administration and in the narrative practices of international animal rights, seals can only appear in a predetermined categorical framework for what constitutes human ethical responsibility to nature. The seal in animal rights discourse is one type of object that needs saving in the form of protective measures to keep her safe from the rapacious greed of capitalism. However, in Indigenous cultural practices, the seal is another relative, a relation whose presence makes all certainties about hierarchies, use-value, moral exemptions, and human exceptionalism impossible. Using the trending social media phenomenon of the “sealfie” and three contemporary northern Indigenous films, this essay argues that the Inuit use of these media formats showcases their cultural and economic dependence on seal hunting and restructures debates around authority, self-representation, and one-sided environmental protection activities.  Resumen   El entendimiento de las interrelaciones entre ser humano y foca está en juego cuando los Inuit usan el lenguaje institucional en foros internacionales para defender su realidad y el derecho a cazar focas. En el lenguaje administrativo y en las prácticas discursivas de los derechos internacionales de los animales, las focas únicamente pueden aparecer como un marco categórico predeterminado de lo que constituye la responsabilidad ética del ser humano con la naturaleza. La foca en el lenguaje de los derechos de los animales es un objeto que necesita salvarse mediante medidas protectoras que las salvaguarden de la avaricia agresiva del capitalismo. Sin embargo, en las prácticas culturales indígenas la foca es percibida como un familiar, un pariente cuya presencia hace imposible nuestra certitud sobre jerarquías, el valor de uso, la impunidad moral, y la excepcionalidad humana. Usando la moda de las redes sociales en auge, el “sealfie” y tres películas contemporáneas indígenas del Norte, este ensayo argumenta que los usos inuit de estos formatos mediáticos ponen de manifiesto su dependencia cultural y económica en la caza de focas, y reestructura debates en cuanto a la autoridad, la autorepresentación, y las actividades de protección medioambiental monodireccionales.
Book Review of International Perspectives in Feminist Ecocriticism // Reseña de International Perspectives in Feminist Ecocriticism
Authors: Rey Esther
Published: April 2020

Book Review
Credits 5.2  // Créditos 5.2
Authors: Sanz Alonso Irene
Published: April 2020

Credits
Words that Breathe: An Interview with José Manuel Marrero Henríquez // Palabras que respiran: Una entrevista a José Manuel Marrero
Authors: Skowronski Ellen K
Published: April 2020

“Words That Breathe: An Interview with José Manuel Marrero Henríquez" explores ecocriticism, its growing presence in Spain and Latin America, and the transbordering potential of the “poetics of breathing” that inspires Marrero Henríquez´s theoretical reflections, critical work, and creative writing.   Resumen   “Palabras que respiran: Una entrevista a José Manuel Marrero Henríquez” explora el campo de la ecocrítica, su creciente presencia en España y Latinoamérica y en el potencial transfronterizo de la “poética de la respiración” que inspira la especulación teórica, la práctica crítica y la escritura de creación de Marrero Henríquez.
Animal behaviour // Comportamiento animal
Authors: Savisaar Remo
Published: April 2020

Nature photography has many different categories:  there’s no easy or hard one. One might think that taking photos of animals is harder than, for example, doing landscape photography. But all the best photography goes beyond mere documentation to overlay the moment with the artistic vision of the photographer. In the end, knowledge of subject, field craft, approach, patience (a lot of patience), composition and technical ability with the camera are all that matters. We nature photographers search for special moments which sometimes last only for brief seconds. These can be rarely seen moments of light on the landscape, the interesting behaviour of an animal or just the beauty of simplicity. Not every place or moment offers a perfect photographic opportunity. We have to keep on looking, searching, studying. And when the right moment occurs we have to be prepared for it, which means pretty often we have THAT picture in our mind long before we finally see it happen. From over ten years in wildlife photography I have found some fields to be my favourites. Animal behaviour is one of those which offer me most satisfaction. All the following pictures you see here can be placed in that category. More of my work can be seen in my daily blog (blog.moment.ee).   Resumen La fotografía de la naturaleza se divide en muchas categorías, no existe ni una fácil ni una difícil. Uno puede pensar que hacer fotos de animales es más difícil que, por ejemplo, hacer fotografía del paisaje. Pero la mejor fotografía va más allá de la mera documentación hasta recubrir el momento con la visión artística del fotógrafo. Al final, el conocimiento del tema, la destreza, el enfoque, la paciencia (mucha paciencia), la composición y la habilidad técnica con la cámara son todo lo que importa. Los fotógrafos de la naturaleza buscamos momentos especiales que a veces sólo duran unos segundos. Estos momentos pueden ser instantes de luz en el paisaje raramente vistos, el comportamiento interesante de un animal o simplemente la belleza de la simplicidad. No todos los lugares o los momentos ofrecen una oportunidad fotográfica perfecta. Tenemos que seguir mirando, buscando, estudiando. Y cuando el momento adecuado ocurre tenemos que estar preparados, lo que significa que a menudo tenemos ESA imagen en nuestra mente mucho antes de que la veamos ocurrir. En cerca de diez años de fotografía de la vida salvaje he encontrado algunos campos que se han convertido en mis favoritos, dentro de los que se enmarcan las fotografías que pueden verse en esta revista. Puede verse más de mi trabajo en mi blog (blog.moment.ee).
Trekking in the Wood // Trekking nel bosco // Senderismo en el bosque
Authors: Trevisani M. Ivana Bach
Published: April 2020

This poem, here offered in a bilingual version, was written on the occasion of a walk in the Adelasia beech forest in the Beigua Natural Park (Liguria, Italy), and it is part of a poetry collection titled Ecopoems (http://ecopoems. altervista.org). The English translator is Kiawna Brewster, who has worked under the supervision of Barbara Carle (Professor of English at Columbia University). Following the guidelines of the Manifesto of Italian Ecopoetry, the language used here is as simple and humble as the subjects speaking through these poems (animals, plants and the whole Earth). I intend this as a poetic communication which could be intelligible to all cultures, and therefore easy to translate and to widely spread, as wished by the UNESCO message of the World Poetry Day.  Resumen   Este poema, ofrecido en su versión bilingüe, se escribió aprovechando un paseo por el hayedo Adelasia en el Parque Natural de Beigua (Liguria, Italia), y es parte de una colección de poemas titulada Ecopoems (http://ecopoems.altervista.org Ecopoems). La traductora al inglés es Kiawna Brewster, que ha trabajado bajo la supervisión de Barabar Carle (profesora de inglés en la Universidad de Columbia). Siguiendo las directrices del Manifiesto Italiano de Ecopoesía, el lenguaje usado es tan sencillo y humilde como los sujetos que hablan a través de estos poemas (animales, plantas y toda la Tierra). Tengo la intención de que esta sea una comunicación poética inteligible para todas las culturas y, por lo tanto, fácil de traducir y extender ampliamente, tal y como desea el mensaje del Día Mundial de la Poesía de la UNESCO.
Review Essay: We Have Never Been Postwar: Limning the Long Half-Life of the Military-Industrial-Environmental Complex // Nunca hemos estado en la posguerra: Describiendo la larga vida media del complejo militar-industrial-medioambiental
Authors: Seymour Nicole
Published: April 2020

This essay reviews Shiloh Krupar's Hot Spotter’s Report: Military Fables of Toxic Waste (University of Minnesota Press, 2013) and Jacob Darwin Hamblin's Arming Mother Nature: The Birth of Catastrophic Environmentalism (Oxford University Press, 2013).   Resumen               Este ensayo analiza Hot Spotter’s Report: Military Fables of Toxic Waste de Shiloh Krupar (University of Minnesota Press, 2013) y  Arming Mother Nature: The Birth of Catastrophic Environmentalism de Jacob Darwin Hamblin (Oxford University Press, 2013).
Review Essay: The Art of Inquiry: Overcoming the Fixation on the New Materialisms // Ensayo reseña: El arte de la investigación: Vencer la fijación por los nuevos materialismos
Authors: Kato Daniela
Published: April 2020

A review essay on the book Making and Growing: Anthropological Studies of Organisms and Artefacts (2014).
Book Review of Living Oil: Petroleum Culture in the American Century // Reseña de Living Oil: Petroleum Culture in the American Century
Authors: Straß Hanna
Published: April 2020

Book review
Book Review of Ecología y género en diálogo interdisciplinar // Reseña de Ecología y género en diálogo interdisciplinar
Authors: Carretero González Margarita
Published: April 2020

Book review of Alicia Puleo's Ecología y género en diálogo interdisciplinar. Resumen      Reseña de Ecología y género en diálogo interdisciplinar de Alicia Puleo.
Amazonian Cosmologies: Six Poems // Cosmologías amazónicas: Seis poemas
Authors: Galeano Juan Carlos
Published: April 2020

Amazonian Cosmologies: Six Poems
From Alfabestiario (third part) // De Alfabestiario (tercera parte)
Authors: Borra Antonello
Published: April 2020

From Alfabestiario (third part)
Urban Ecologies: An Introduction // Ecologías urbanas: Una introducción
Authors: Gersdorf Catrin
Published: April 2020

This article introduces the conceptual framework of the special section on urban ecologies, as well as the different contributions. Resumen      Este artículo introduce el marco conceptual y a los colaboradores de esta sección especial sobre ecologías urbanas.
Credits 7.2 // Créditos 7.2
Authors: Sanz Alonso Irene
Published: April 2020

Credits
Editorial
Authors: Goodbody Axel Howarth
Published: April 2020

Editorial
Whole Issue // Número completo
Authors: Villanueva-Romero Diana
Published: April 2020

Whole Issue // Número completo