bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Successful GaAlAs low-level laser therapy of self-inflicted thermal burns of the palate
Authors: Goldemberg Daniel Cohen , de Melo Pino Livia Cristina , de Lima Araujo Luiz Henrique , de Melo Andreia Cristina , Antunes Héliton Spindola
Published: March 2021

Thermal burns of the oral cavity usually arise from ingestion of hot foods or beverages. A 38-year-old female patient presented with two painful ulcerative erythematous patches of the palate. The patient was consulted on the same day lesions appeared. Medical history was unremarkable. Clinically significant self-inflicted injuries may result in wide ulcers in the mouth and usually do not take less than 2 weeks to heal, whereas our patient, treated with low-level laser therapy, had a complete response in day 4, after 2 days of treatment. The fact that multiple lesions were present signaled against the World Health Organization exclusion diagnosis of erythroplakia for red patches. A traumatic ulcer, regardless of its cause of origin, usually heals within 2 weeks, after the source of injury is resolved. A thermal burn in the oral cavity usually takes longer than that to heal, but whenever this time frame is not respected, the suspicion of a potentially malignant disorder should always arise, and a biopsy should be performed. The present case showed two painful thermal burns with great results in terms of speeding up the relieve of symptoms and healing time with soft laser as opposed to the traditional treatment with oral topical corticosteroid.
Evaluating Screw Stability After Pedicle Screw Fixation With PEEK Rods
Authors: Wu Jie , Shi Lei , Liu Daohong , Wu Zhigang , Gao Peng , Liu Wenwen , Li Xiaokang , Guo Zheng
Published: March 2021

Study Design:

Animal experiment.

Objective:

To evaluate whether the use of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) rods for posterior spinal fixation can improve screw stability.

Methods:

Sheep models of anterior-posterior cervical fusion were used in this study. Six sheep were randomly assigned to the PEEK rod group and titanium alloy group. A total of 8 screws and 2 fixing rods were implanted in each sheep. At 24 weeks postoperatively, a computed tomography (CT) evaluation, pull-out test, micro-CT evaluation and histological evaluation were conducted to evaluate screw stability in the harvested surgical segments.

Result:

According to the CT evaluation, there were no signs of screw loosening in either group. The pull-out force and energy of the PEEK rod group were significantly higher than those of the titanium alloy rod group. Denser and thicker trabecular bone around the screw was observed in the PEEK rod group according to the micro-CT reconstructed images, and quantitative analysis of the micro-CT data confirmed this finding. In the histological evaluation, more abundant and denser bone trabeculae were also observed in the PEEK rod group. However, there was no significant difference in the bone-screw interface between the 2 groups.

Conclusion:

Posterior spinal fixation with PEEK rods can increase screw stability by promoting bone growth around the screw but cannot promote bone integration at the bone-screw interface in an animal model study. This finding presents a new idea for clinical practices to reduce screw loosening rate.
HIV-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, Behaviors and Experiences of Kenyan Adolescents Living with HIV Revealed in WhatsApp Group Chats
Authors: Chory Ashley , Nyandiko Winstone , Martin Roxanne , Aluoch Josephine , Scanlon Michael , Ashimosi Celestine , Njoroge Tabitha , McAteer Carole , Apondi Edith , Vreeman Rachel
Published: March 2021

Introduction:

Mobile technologies represent a scalable platform for delivering knowledge and interventions targeting adolescents living with HIV (ALWH) in low and middle income countries. Data from mobile interventions can be used to assess the contextual understanding and experiences of ALWH.

Methods:

We examined HIV-related knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, and experiences of Kenyan ALWH revealed in the contextual data from enrollment in a WhatsApp® group chat intervention.

Results:

Thirty ALWH (17 female, mean age 15.4) on ART, engaged in HIV care and aware of their status, were enrolled. Qualitative analysis of WhatsApp® chat discussions identified a gap in HIV knowledge, high medication-taking literacy, need for mental health support and significant barriers to adherence. Participants discussed challenges with HIV stigma and medication-taking in the school setting.

Conclusion:

These discussions demonstrate a need for education on HIV topics, mental health support for ALWH, and interventions for stigma mitigation in the school setting.
Endoscopically Assisted, Minimally Invasive Reconstruction for Chronic Achilles Tendon Rupture With a Double-Bundle Flexor Hallucis Longus
Authors: Zou Yunxuan , Li Xue , Wang Lei , Tan Caixia , Zhu Yongzhan
Published: March 2021

Background:

High morbidity has been reported regarding Achilles tendon (AT) injuries, and the upward trend has accelerated since the mid-1990s. A chronic Achilles tendon rupture usually results from a neglected or misdiagnosed acute rupture, and about one-fifth of acute AT ruptures are missed and lead to chronic AT rupture. Although many techniques have been described, there is no gold standard in the treatment of chronic AT ruptures.

Hypothesis:

Endoscopically assisted, minimally invasive reconstruction for chronic AT rupture using a double-bundle flexor hallucis longus (FHL) tendon would result in improvement of the overall function, with a low rate of wound complications.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

Between May 2015 and November 2016, a total of 19 consecutive patients were enrolled and treated using endoscopically assisted, minimally invasive reconstruction for chronic AT rupture using a double-bundle FHL. The operative assessment comprised the Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score, the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society score, the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment–Achilles score, and a postoperative questionnaire. All postoperative complications were recorded.

Results:

The mean follow-up time for all patients was 31 months (range, 20-42 months). According to the postoperative questionnaire, the result of surgery was excellent in 8 (42%) of 19 patients, good in 10 (53%), and fair in 1 (5%). All clinical outcome scores (mean ± SD) improved significantly after surgery: Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score, 23.3 ± 10.3 vs 98.3 ± 9.2 (postoperatively vs preoperatively); American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society, 52.1 ± 12.4 vs 97.5 ± 18.9; and Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment–Achilles, 23.4 ± 11.2 vs 95.7 ± 17.1 ( P < .05). No complications with regard to wound healing or infection were noted. Twelve relatively young patients returned to preinjury activity levels, such as playing basketball or badminton, and the older patients were able to meet their daily needs, such as walking up stairs and jogging.

Conclusion:

Chronic AT ruptures were successfully treated via minimally invasive reconstruction using a double-bundle FHL, which provided excellent functional improvement. It is best suited for patients with complex requirements who are at high risk for wound complications.
Qualitative Analysis of an Inter-Professional, In-Home, Community Geriatric Educational Training Program
Authors: Reilly Jo Marie , Halle Ashley , Resnik Cheryl , Teoh Jeremy , Williams Brad , Harris Patricia , Segal-Gidan Freddi
Published: March 2021

This study describes and provides qualitative analysis of an innovative, inter-professional (IP) geriatrics curriculum focused on team-based care with healthy older adults in a home-based community setting. The curriculum consisted of five, four-hour didactic and experiential sessions over one academic year. Dental, medical, occupational therapy, pharmacy, physical therapy, and physician assistant students were placed into teams led by IP faculty from each health professional school. Teams met with a community-dwelling older adult three times. At the program’s conclusion, students responded to the reflective question “What is the most important learning experience you expect to take away from the geriatric inter-professional training? A qualitative analysis of student responses revealed four common themes from all five professions aligning with curricular goals: (1) health professional roles/scope of practice, (2) geriatric care and health outcomes, (3) team communication/collaboration, and (4) advocating for one’s own profession. As sites for institutional clinical training become scarcer for health professions’ trainees, this study offers both a novel, IP, geriatrics curriculum with didactic/experiential learning through community partnerships in a home-based setting and a reflective evaluation.
Selective denervation of the corrugator supercilii muscle for the treatment of idiopatic trigeminal neuralgia purely paroxysmal distributed in the supraorbital and suprathrochlear dermatomes
Authors: Gualdi Alessandro , Cambiaso-Daniel Janos , Gatti Jonatann , Peled Ziv M. , Hagan Robert , Bertossi Dario , Wurzer Paul , Kamolz Lars-Peter , Scherer Saja , Pietramaggiori Giorgio
Published: March 2021

Introduction

Idiopatic trigeminal neuralgia purely paroxysmal (ITNp) distributed in the supraorbital and suprathrochlear dermatomes (SSd), refractory to conventional treatments have been linked to the hyperactivity of the corrugator supercilii muscle (CSM). In these patients, the inactivation of the CSM via botulinum toxin type A (BTA) injections has been proven to be safe and effective in reducing migraine burden. The main limitation of BTA is the need of repetitive injections and relative high costs. Based on the study of the motor innervation of the CSM, we describe here an alternative approach to improve these type of migraines, based on a minimally invasive denervation of the CSM.

Materials and methods

Motor innervation and feasibility of selective CSM denervation was first studied on fresh frozen cadavers. Once the technique was safely established, 15 patients were enrolled. To be considered eligible, patients had to meet the following criteria: positive response to BTA treatment, migraine disability assessment score > 24, > 15 migraine days/month, no occipital/temporal trigger points and plausible reasons to discontinue BTA treatment. Pre- and post- operative migraine headache index (MHI) were compared, and complications were classified following the Clavien-Dindo classification (CDC).

Results

Fifteen patients (9 females and 6 males) underwent the described surgical procedure. The mean age was 41 ± 10 years. Migraine headache episodes decreased from 24 ± 4 day/month to 2 ± 2 (p < 0.001) The MHI decreased from 208 ± 35 to 10 ± 11 (p < 0.001). One patient (7%) had a grade I complication according to the CDC. No patient needed a second operative procedure.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that the selective CSM denervation represents a safe and minimally invasive approach to improve ITNp distributed in the SSd associated with CSM hyperactivation.

Trial registration

The data collection was conducted as a retrospective quality assessment study and all procedures were performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the national research committee and the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments.
OryzaGenome2.1: Database of Diverse Genotypes in Wild Oryza Species
Authors: Kajiya-Kanegae Hiromi , Ohyanagi Hajime , Ebata Toshinobu , Tanizawa Yasuhiro , Onogi Akio , Sawada Yuji , Hirai Masami Yokota , Wang Zi-Xuan , Han Bin , Toyoda Atsushi , Fujiyama Asao , Iwata Hiroyoshi , Tsuda Katsutoshi , Suzuki Toshiya , Nosaka-Takahashi Misuzu , Nonomura Ken-ichi , Nakamura Yasukazu , Kawamoto Shoko , Kurata Nori , Sato Yutaka
Published: March 2021

Background

OryzaGenome (http://viewer.shigen.info/oryzagenome21detail/index.xhtml), a feature within Oryzabase (https://shigen.nig.ac.jp/rice/oryzabase/), is a genomic database for wild Oryza species that provides comparative and evolutionary genomics approaches for the rice research community.

Results

Here we release OryzaGenome2.1, the first major update of OryzaGenome. The main feature in this version is the inclusion of newly sequenced genotypes and their meta-information, giving a total of 217 accessions of 19 wild Oryza species (O. rufipogon, O. barthii, O. longistaminata, O. meridionalis, O. glumaepatula, O. punctata, O. minuta, O. officinalis, O. rhizomatis, O. eichingeri, O. latifolia, O. alta, O. grandiglumis, O. australiensis, O. brachyantha, O. granulata, O. meyeriana, O. ridleyi, and O. longiglumis). These 19 wild species belong to 9 genome types (AA, BB, CC, BBCC, CCDD, EE, FF, GG, and HHJJ), representing wide genomic diversity in the genus. Using the genotype information, we analyzed the genome diversity of Oryza species. Other features of OryzaGenome facilitate the use of information on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between O. sativa and its wild progenitor O. rufipogon in rice research, including breeding as well as basic science. For example, we provide Variant Call Format (VCF) files for genome-wide SNPs of 33 O. rufipogon accessions against the O. sativa reference genome, IRGSP1.0. In addition, we provide a new SNP Effect Table function, allowing users to identify SNPs or small insertion/deletion polymorphisms in the 33 O. rufipogon accessions and to search for the effect of these polymorphisms on protein function if they reside in the coding region (e.g., are missense or nonsense mutations). Furthermore, the SNP Viewer for 446 O. rufipogon accessions was updated by implementing new tracks for possible selective sweep regions and highly mutated regions that were potentially exposed to selective pressures during the process of domestication.

Conclusion

OryzaGenome2.1 focuses on comparative genomic analysis of diverse wild Oryza accessions collected around the world and on the development of resources to speed up the identification of critical trait-related genes, especially from O. rufipogon. It aims to promote the use of genotype information from wild accessions in rice breeding and potential future crop improvements. Diverse genotypes will be a key resource for evolutionary studies in Oryza, including polyploid biology.
Pain in adult myotonic dystrophy type 1: relation to function and gender
Authors: Solbakken Gro , Løseth Sissel , Froholdt Anne , Eikeland Torunn D. , Nærland Terje , Frich Jan C. , Dietrichs Espen , Ørstavik Kristin
Published: March 2021

Background

Pain is prevalent in myotonic dystrophy 1 (DM1). This study investigated whether CTG repeat size, disease duration, BMI and motor and psychological function were related to pain in adult patients with DM1, and if there were gender differences regarding intensity and location of pain.

Method

Cross-sectional design. Pain was investigated in 50 genetically confirmed DM1 patients by combining clinical assessment and self-reports of pain intensity and locations. Pain scoring results were related to CTG size, disease duration, muscle strength, walking capacity measured by 6-min walk test, activity of daily life by Katz ADL Index, respiratory function by Forced Vital Capacity and BMI. In addition, the degree of reported pain was related to Quality of life measured by WHOQOL-BREF; fatigue was measured by Fatigue severity scale; psychological functions were measured by Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, IQ and Autism spectrum Quotient.

Results

Pain was reported in 84% of the patients and was significantly correlated with CTG size (r = 0.28p = 0.050), disease duration (r = 0.38p = 0.007), quality of life (r = − 0.37p = 0.009), fatigue (r = 0.33p = 0.02) and forced vital capacity (r = − 0.51,p = 0.005). Significant gender differences, with higher scores for females, were documented. In male subjects the number of pain locations was significantly correlated with quality of life and the autism quotient. In females, pain intensity was significantly correlated with activity, respiratory function and BMI.

Conclusions

Pain in DM1 was prevalent, with a strong association to lung function and other aspects of the disease. Significant gender differences were present for pain intensity and number of pain locations. How pain was related to other symptoms differed between male and female subjects. Our findings highlight the importance of assessments of pain in DM1 patients.
A surrogate measure for patient reported symptom remission in administrative data
Authors: Alemi Farrokh , Aljuaid Mai , Durbha Naren , Yousefi Melanie , Min Hua , Sylvia Louisa G. , Nierenberg Andrew A.
Published: March 2021

Background

In real-world pragmatic administrative databases, patient reported remission is often missing.

Objective

We evaluate if, in administrative data, five features of antidepressant use patterns can replace patient-reported symptom remission.

Method

We re-examined data from Sequence Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study. Remission was measured using 50% reduction in Hamilton index. Pattern of antidepressant use was examined through five variables: (a) number of prior ineffective antidepressants, (b) duration of taking current antidepressant, (c) receiving therapeutic dose of the medication, and (d) switching to another medication, or (e) augmenting with another antidepressant. The likelihood ratio (LR) associated with each of these predictors was assessed in 90% of data (3329 cases) and evaluated in 10% of data (350 cases) set-aside for evaluation. The accuracy of predictions was calculated using Area under the Receiver Operating Curve (AROC).

Results

Patients who took antidepressants for 14 weeks (LR = 2.007) were more likely to have symptom remission. Prior use of 3 antidepressants reduced the odds of remission (LR = 0.771). Patients who received antidepressants below therapeutic dose were 5 times less likely to experience remission (LR = 0.204). Antidepressant that were augment or switched, almost never led to remission (LR = 0.008, LR = 0.002 respectively). Patterns of antidepressant use accurately (AROC = 0.93) predicted symptom remission.

Conclusion

Within the first 100 days, antidepressants use patterns could serve as a surrogate measure for patient-reported remission of symptoms.
The psychometric properties of the Bergen–Yale sex addiction scale for the Iranian population
Authors: Youseflu Samaneh , Kraus Shane W. , Razavinia Fatemeh , Afrashteh Majid Yousefi , Niroomand Soudabeh
Published: March 2021

Background

The assessment of sex addiction among different populations requires a valid and reliable tool. Since the Bergen–Yale Sex Addiction Scale (BYSAS) was not available in Iran, this study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the BYSAS.

Methods

After translation/back-translation procedure, a total of 756 Iranian men and women completed the BYSAS. The structural validity of this tool was evaluated by exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. An expert panel review also examined content validity of the items. Psychometric properties of the scale including validity, reliability (internal consistency [Cronbach’s alpha]) and test-retest) and factor structure were assessed.

Results

Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR) scores for the BYSAS were 0.75 and 0.62, respectively. In the measure’s structural validity, the results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis supported the One-factor structure. Data analysis demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha ranging from 0.88 to 0.89).

Discussion

Study findings suggest that the BYSAS is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing sex addiction among Persian speaking adults. Replication of research findings is needed to expand the BYSAS for clinical and non-clinical Iranian populations.
Characterization of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strain ATCC BAA1605 using whole-genome sequencing
Authors: Ten Kah Ern , Md Zoqratt Muhammad Zarul Hanifah , Ayub Qasim , Tan Hock Siew
Published: March 2021

Objective

The nosocomial pathogen, Acinetobacter baumannii, has acquired clinical significance due to its ability to persist in hospital settings and survive antibiotic treatment, which eventually resulted in the rapid spread of this bacterium with antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenotypes. This study used a multidrug-resistant A. baumannii (strain ATCC BAA1605) as a model to study the genomic features of this pathogen.

Results

One circular chromosome and one circular plasmid were discovered in the complete genome of A. baumannii ATCC BAA1605 using whole-genome sequencing. The chromosome is 4,039,171 bp long with a GC content of 39.24%. Many AMR genes, which confer resistance to major classes of antibiotics (beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracycline, sulphonamides), were found on the chromosome. Two genomic islands were predicted on the chromosome, one of which (Genomic Island 1) contains a cluster of AMR genes and mobile elements, suggesting the possibility of horizontal gene transfer. A subtype I-F CRISPR-Cas system was also identified on the chromosome of A. baumannii ATCC BAA1605.

This study provides valuable genome data that can be used as a reference for future studies on A. baumannii. The genome of A. baumannii ATCC BAA1605 has been deposited at GenBank under accession no. CP058625 and CP058626.
Assessment of cerebral hemodynamics in multiple sclerosis patients
Authors: Salah Nouran M. , Elsadek Ahmed M. , ELnabil Lobna M. , Nassef Ayman M. , Abdelaziz Azza A. , Abdel Hafeez Mohamed A.
Published: March 2021

Background

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Autonomic dysfunction is present in a wide range of patients (15–80%) that might present with abnormalities in the regulation of the cardiovascular system, sleep disturbance, urinary symptoms, sexual problems, and temperature regulation problem. Although the predominant view is that of an autoimmune inflammatory condition, changes in brain vasculature can occur and contribute to pathophysiology.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate cerebral hemodynamics and assess autonomic dysfunction in patients with MS and explore its relationship with disease status.

Methods

Eighty patients diagnosed with MS according to McDonald criteria 2017 were recruited to this comparative cross-sectional study. All participants underwent assessment of cerebral hemodynamics through transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. Cerebral vasomotor reactivity (CVR) to hypercapnia was measured by the breath-holding index (BHI). They were also assessed for autonomic dysfunction by autonomic questionnaire and blood pressure measurements in both erect and supine positions.

Results

BHI values showed decreased CVR and were significantly lower in SPMS than in RRMS patients. Autonomic functions were more affected in SPMS than RRMS with total score 2.58 ± 1.13 for the RRMS group and 4.05 ± 1.04 for the SPMS group.

Conclusions

Cerebrovascular hemodynamic insufficiency in MS may be secondary to the downstream effects of neuro-inflammatory cascades.
Computed tomography angiography findings predictive of post-intervention vasospasm in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Colip Charles G , Wo Sean , Hippe Daniel S , Watase Hiroko , Urdaneta-Moncada Alfonso R , Zhu Chengcheng , Wu Lei , Vranic Justin E , Kelly Cory M , Levitt Michael R , Mossa-Basha Mahmud
Published: March 2021

Objective:

To evaluate the association of CT/CT angiography (CTA) findings and clinical characteristics with subsequent vasospasm in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).

Methods-:

Consecutive presentation CTA head exams in patients with aSAH between January 2005 and June 2015 were retrospectively evaluated for intracranial arterial calcification, undulation and non-calcified stenosis. Additional variables including modified Fisher Scale (mFS), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and neurological exam status were reviewed. Associations of CTA findings with the incidence of angiographic vasospasm were assessed with multivariate logistic regression models using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator machine-learning algorithm. Model performance was summarized using c-index with bootstrap optimism-adjustment.

Results

Intracranial arterial calcification, seen in 51.7% of 195 total patients, was protective against vasospasm (OR-0.6; 95% CI-0.52–0.67; p = 0.009), while arterial undulation (24%) was associated with subsequent vasospasm (OR-2.6; 95% CI-1.3–5.1; p = 0.007). Non-calcified intracranial arterial stenosis (5%) was associated with subsequent vasospasm, (OR-4.7; 95% CI-1.0–22.8; p = 0.054). Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator selected all three CTA findings as predictors in a multivariate model for vasospasm in addition to clinical factors, which demonstrated superior predictive performance (c-index-0.74; 95% CI-0.69–0.82) compared to a model based on mFS and clinical factors only (c-index-0.66; 95% CI-0.57–0.75; p = 0.010 for the difference).

Conclusion:

Presentation CTA findings combined with clinical factors may better predict the development of vasospasm in patients with aSAH compared to current prognostic models alone.

Advances in knowledge:

The combination of initial CT/CTA and clinical findings better predict development of vasospasm after aSAH. This can lead to better markers for use in future clinical trials to develop vasospasm preventative treatments and potentially provide better targets for early aggressive treatment.
Imaging findings in a case of situs inversus totalis
Authors: Ramavathu Kumar Venu Madhav
Published: March 2021

Situs inversus is an uncommon condition in which there is transposition of thoracic and abdominal structures. We report a case of situs inversus totalis detected incidentally in a 72-year-old female under investigation for haematuria. The imaging findings and role of imaging in this condition have been described in detail. This article emphasises the need for the clinicians to be aware of situs anomalies before planning surgical or radiological interventions in these patients.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ КИТАЙСКО-РОССИЙСКОГО СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВА В ОБЛАСТИ СТРАХОВАНИЯ
Authors: Wang Wentao
Published: March 2021

Статья посвящена состоянием страхового рынка России и Китая. Рассмотрены вопросы деятельности крупнейших страховых компаний России и Китая. проанализированы основные перспективы китайско-российского сотрудничества в области страхования. В эпоху стремительного технологического развития 21 века уровень жизни людей значительно повысился, и цифровая экономика вступила в период всестороннего развития. Стремительное развитие цифровой экономики заложило основу для цифровизации страхового рынка Китая, поэтому страховой рынок имеет широкие перспективы развития. Страховой рынок – это фиксированная торговая площадка, такая как страховая биржа. Объектами сделок на страховом рынке являются различные страховые защиты и другие страховые услуги, предоставляемые страховщиками от рисков, с которыми сталкиваются потребители, то есть различные страховые продукты. Основная часть страхового рынка, объект страхового рынка и носитель страхового рынка образуют систему структуры страхового рынка. Эти три элемента взаимосвязаны и взаимно ограничивают друг друга для поддержания стабильной работы и здорового развития страховой отрасли.Цель – определение способов и приемов анализа, применяющих при проведении анализа китайско-российского сотрудничества в области страхованияМетод или методология проведения исследования. В статье использовались теоретические методы, практические методы, методы анализа кейса, статистические методы и сравнительные методы.Результаты. Получены наиболее информативные параметры, показывающие некоторые аспекты широких перспектив для сотрудничества и развития в сфере страхования между Китаем и Россией.Область применения результатов. Полученные результаты целесообразно применять экономическими субъектами, осуществляющими внешнеэкономическую деятельность, одним из элементов которой являются страховые рынки.
Insights on the impact of COVID-19 and the lockdown on amateur golfers
Authors: Huth Christopher , Billion Falk
Published: March 2021

The aim of the research paper is to evaluate how golfers feel about the lockdown, what they did with regard to golf during the lockdown and to what extent they understand the closure of golf courses. A standardized online questionnaire was designed for the primary empirical investigation. In total, 139 respondents completely filled out the questionnaires and were considered in our analyses. The results show that the officially ordered lockdown did not have a large impact on golfers but had at least a medium-to-increased negative influence on their favourite sport of golf. The closure of the golf courses during the lockdown led to a moderate level of approval. The length of the closure tends to be viewed negatively. Despite the problems that golf can expect in the short term, golf as a health- and well-being-promoting sport and a sport that offers natural experiences could benefit from COVID-19 in the medium to long term.
Investigating the relationship between customer experience management and economics with relationship marketing in sports clubs
Authors: Kiani Mohammad Saeid
Published: March 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between customer experience management and relationship marketing strength of the economy in private clubs Iran province. This study correlations among the research used a sample of all managers in private clubs Iran province to 530 people. Based on a sample of 210 subjects were selected. Sampling was stratified random manner. Three questionnaire to collect information from customer experience management Alaguz Mohammadi (1389), resistive economy Yousefi questionnaire (1394) and Aria relationship marketing managers' questionnaire. For analysis of data, descriptive and inferential statistics, especially Kolmogorov-Smirnov test path analysis using LISREL software test and structural equation modeling was used to determine the fit model. The results showed that no significant relationship between customer experience management and relationship marketing there. Resistance between customer experience management and economics, there is a significant relationship. Resistance between relationship marketing and economics there is a significant relationship. The index fitness adaptive (CFI), goodness of fit index (GFI), goodness of fit index modified (AGFI), indicators of fitness increase (IFI), the index fit the norm of (NFI) and indicators fit the norm not (NNFI) are all close to 0/9 and more of it, so the model, about the show and was approved. Finally, sports clubs suggest that the combined use of customer experience management and relationship marketing strength in these economic conditions, maintain existing customers and attract new customers to provide sports clubs.
PENGARUH PENYULUHAN SAFETY RIDING DENGAN MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PERILAKU BERKENDARA
Authors: Saputro Dryo , Handayani Lina , Dewi Maya Kusuma
Published: March 2021

Indonesia is a country with a high level of traffic accidents. Traffic accidents in Indonesia according to the World Health Organization is the third largest killer under coronary heart disease and tuberculosis. Traffic accidents are caused by several factors including human factors, vehicle factors, road factors, environmental factors and weather factors. Teenagers are one of the biggest contributors to traffic accidents. Age 13-18 years is the early teens where they just felt an interest in trying to ride a motorcycle. Teenagers think that they are mature enough to drive vehicles on the road, with the knowledge of shallow driving causing accidents. Traffic safety is greatly influenced by driver’s discipline.  Driver’s discipline can increase the level of traffic safety. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of providing audiovisual safety riding counselling to the knowledge and attitude of driving. The research was a quasi-experimental with one-group pre-test post-test design. Respondent in this study was 70 Muhammadiyah 4 Yogyakarta high school students. The sample was gathered by purposive sampling technique. The instrument used was a questionnaire. The study began with a pre-test and then a video screening and conducted a post-test with the same questionnaire. The data analysis test was the parametric paired sample T-test, the non-parametric Wilcoxon test. The results of the non-parametric Wilcoxon test analysis obtained p-value of 0.000. The results showed that there was an influence of counselling with audiovisual safety riding methods on knowledge. The results of the paired sample T-test test analysis obtained 0.000 which shows the effect of providing audiovisual safety riding on attitudes. There is an effect of counselling using audiovisual safety riding methods on students' knowledge and driving attitudes.
HUBUNGAN STATUS GIZI DENGAN KEJADIAN ANEMIA PADA IBU HAMIL DI PUSKESMAS KOTAGEDE II YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Sari Larasajeng Permata , Sarwinanti Sarwinanti , Djannah Sittti Nur
Published: March 2021

Maternal deaths in Yogyakarta Special Region are caused by heart disease, bleeding, eclampsia, sepsis/infection. Bleeding is still the number one causes of maternal death. Pregnancy with anaemia is 5 times more at risk of bleeding than who are not. The aims of the research are to determine the relationship of nutritional status with anaemia in pregnant women in Kotagede II Yogyakarta Public Health Center.  This was an observational analytic design and a cross-sectional approach. The sampling method uses accidental sampling technique. The number of respondents was 77 pregnant women in the second and third trimester. The research instrument used questionnaire sheets and medical records. Data were processed by Chi-Square statistical tests. Study found   (p-value) of nutritional status = 0.001.  The conclusion of this study is that there was a significant relationship between nutritional status with the incidence of anaemia at Kotagede II Yogyakarta Health Center
Brittleness index of coal from the Upper Silesian Coal Basin
Authors: Moska Rafal
Published: March 2021

A growing interest in the field of coal bed methane (CBM) extraction in Poland shows the demand for rock mechanics data, used to design hydraulic fracturing operations. The elastic response of the rock is typically determined by sonic logging calibrated with laboratory tests. This paper presents the laboratory ultrasonic measurements of the core samples, performed to determine the elastic moduli and brittleness index (BI) of the coal. Tests were performed on 20 core plugs from four coal mines located in the central and southern part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB), Poland, characterized by varied maceral composition and mineral additives. The samples were cored out in three directions: perpendicular, parallel, and at a 45° angle to the bedding planes, and tested with the given effective pressure. The majority of the samples were saturated by water with a potassium chloride additive (swelling inhibitor). A P- and S-wave velocity upward trend was observed when the mineral content in the samples increased. Elevated velocities in samples of high mineral content resulted in exceeding the Ed to vd limits for coal as proposed in literature. With increased BI, upward trends in the liptinite and inertinite content as well as a downward trend in the vitrinite content were observed. The dynamic elastic moduli of the measured samples were compared to the available literature data.
Moduli Spaces of Higgs Bundles – Old and New
Authors: Swoboda Jan
Published: March 2021

We give an overview of the differential geometric and analytic aspects of Higgs bundles and their moduli spaces and highlight some of their interrelations with neighboring fields. We review various current developments in this subject and provide a discussion of a number of open problems.
Hands-on training about overfitting
Authors: Demšar Janez , Zupan Blaž
Published: March 2021

Overfitting is one of the critical problems in developing models by machine learning. With machine learning becoming an essential technology in computational biology, we must include training about overfitting in all courses that introduce this technology to students and practitioners. We here propose a hands-on training for overfitting that is suitable for introductory level courses and can be carried out on its own or embedded within any data science course. We use workflow-based design of machine learning pipelines, experimentation-based teaching, and hands-on approach that focuses on concepts rather than underlying mathematics. We here detail the data analysis workflows we use in training and motivate them from the viewpoint of teaching goals. Our proposed approach relies on Orange, an open-source data science toolbox that combines data visualization and machine learning, and that is tailored for education in machine learning and explorative data analysis.
Mechanical coupling in the nitrogenase complex
Authors: Huang Qi , Tokmina-Lukaszewska Monika , Johnson Lewis E. , Kallas Hayden , Ginovska Bojana , Peters John W. , Seefeldt Lance C. , Bothner Brian , Raugei Simone
Published: March 2021

The enzyme nitrogenase reduces dinitrogen to ammonia utilizing electrons, protons, and energy obtained from the hydrolysis of ATP. Mo-dependent nitrogenase is a symmetric dimer, with each half comprising an ATP-dependent reductase, termed the Fe Protein, and a catalytic protein, known as the MoFe protein, which hosts the electron transfer P-cluster and the active-site metal cofactor (FeMo-co). A series of synchronized events for the electron transfer have been characterized experimentally, in which electron delivery is coupled to nucleotide hydrolysis and regulated by an intricate allosteric network. We report a graph theory analysis of the mechanical coupling in the nitrogenase complex as a key step to understanding the dynamics of allosteric regulation of nitrogen reduction. This analysis shows that regions near the active sites undergo large-scale, large-amplitude correlated motions that enable communications within each half and between the two halves of the complex. Computational predictions of mechanically regions were validated against an analysis of the solution phase dynamics of the nitrogenase complex via hydrogen-deuterium exchange. These regions include the P-loops and the switch regions in the Fe proteins, the loop containing the residue β-188Ser adjacent to the P-cluster in the MoFe protein, and the residues near the protein-protein interface. In particular, it is found that: (i) within each Fe protein, the switch regions I and II are coupled to the [4Fe-4S] cluster; (ii) within each half of the complex, the switch regions I and II are coupled to the loop containing β-188Ser; (iii) between the two halves of the complex, the regions near the nucleotide binding pockets of the two Fe proteins (in particular the P-loops, located over 130 Å apart) are also mechanically coupled. Notably, we found that residues next to the P-cluster (in particular the loop containing β-188Ser) are important for communication between the two halves.
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model for the prediction of morphine brain disposition and analgesia in adults and children
Authors: Verscheijden Laurens F. M. , Litjens Carlijn H. C. , Koenderink Jan B. , Mathijssen Ron H. J. , Verbeek Marcel M. , de Wildt Saskia N. , Russel Frans G. M.
Published: March 2021

Morphine is a widely used opioid analgesic, which shows large differences in clinical response in children, even when aiming for equivalent plasma drug concentrations. Age-dependent brain disposition of morphine could contribute to this variability, as developmental increase in blood-brain barrier (BBB) P-glycoprotein (Pgp) expression has been reported. In addition, age-related pharmacodynamics might also explain the variability in effect. To assess the influence of these processes on morphine effectiveness, a multi-compartment brain physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PB-PK/PD) model was developed in R (Version 3.6.2). Active Pgp-mediated morphine transport was measured in MDCKII-Pgp cells grown on transwell filters and translated by an in vitro-in vivo extrapolation approach, which included developmental Pgp expression. Passive BBB permeability of morphine and its active metabolite morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G) and their pharmacodynamic parameters were derived from experiments reported in literature. Model simulations after single dose morphine were compared with measured and published concentrations of morphine and M6G in plasma, brain extracellular fluid (ECF) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), as well as published drug responses in children (1 day– 16 years) and adults. Visual predictive checks indicated acceptable overlays between simulated and measured morphine and M6G concentration-time profiles and prediction errors were between 1 and -1. Incorporation of active Pgp-mediated BBB transport into the PB-PK/PD model resulted in a 1.3-fold reduced brain exposure in adults, indicating only a modest contribution on brain disposition. Analgesic effect-time profiles could be described reasonably well for older children and adults, but were largely underpredicted for neonates. In summary, an age-appropriate morphine PB-PK/PD model was developed for the prediction of brain pharmacokinetics and analgesic effects. In the neonatal population, pharmacodynamic characteristics, but not brain drug disposition, appear to be altered compared to adults and older children, which may explain the reported differences in analgesic effect.
Genome-wide association study of resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection identifies a locus at 10q26.2 in three distinct populations
Authors: Quistrebert Jocelyn , Orlova Marianna , Kerner Gaspard , Ton Le Thi , Luong Nguyễn Trong , Danh Nguyễn Thanh , Vincent Quentin B. , Jabot-Hanin Fabienne , Seeleuthner Yoann , Bustamante Jacinta , Boisson-Dupuis Stéphanie , Huong Nguyen Thu , Ba Nguyen Ngoc , Casanova Jean-Laurent , Delacourt Christophe , Hoal Eileen G. , Alcaïs Alexandre , Thai Vu Hong , Thành Lai The , Abel Laurent , Schurr Erwin , Cobat Aurélie
Published: March 2021

The natural history of tuberculosis (TB) is characterized by a large inter-individual outcome variability after exposure toMycobacterium tuberculosis. Specifically, some highly exposed individuals remain resistant toM.tuberculosisinfection, as inferred by tuberculin skin test (TST) or interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs). We performed a genome-wide association study of resistance toM.tuberculosisinfection in an endemic region of Southern Vietnam. We enrolled household contacts (HHC) of pulmonary TB cases and compared subjects who were negative for both TST and IGRA (n = 185) with infected individuals (n = 353) who were either positive for both TST and IGRA or had a diagnosis of TB. We found a genome-wide significant locus on chromosome 10q26.2 with a cluster of variants associated with strong protection againstM.tuberculosisinfection (OR = 0.42, 95%CI 0.35–0.49,P= 3.71×10−8, for the genotyped variant rs17155120). The locus was replicated in a French multi-ethnic HHC cohort and a familial admixed cohort from a hyper-endemic area of South Africa, with an overall OR for rs17155120 estimated at 0.50 (95%CI 0.45–0.55,P= 1.26×10−9). The variants are located in intronic regions and upstream ofC10orf90, a tumor suppressor gene which encodes an ubiquitin ligase activating the transcription factor p53.In silicoanalysis showed that the protective alleles were associated with a decreased expression in monocytes of the nearby geneADAM12which could lead to an enhanced response of Th17 lymphocytes. Our results reveal a novel locus controlling resistance toM.tuberculosisinfection across different populations.
Contraceptive use and needs among adolescent women aged 15–19: Regional and global estimates and projections from 1990 to 2030 from a Bayesian hierarchical modelling study
Authors: Kantorová Vladimíra , Wheldon Mark C. , Dasgupta Aisha N. Z. , Ueffing Philipp , Castanheira Helena Cruz
Published: March 2021

Expanding access to contraception and ensuring that need for family planning is satisfied are essential for achieving universal access to reproductive healthcare services, as called for in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. To quantify the gaps that remain in meeting needs among adolescents, this study provides a harmonised data set and global estimates and projections of family planning indicators for adolescents aged 15–19 years. We compiled a comprehensive dataset of family-planning indicators among women aged 15–19 from 754 nationally representative surveys. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model with country-specific annual trends to estimate contraceptive prevalence and unmet need for family planning, with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs), for 185 countries, taking into account changes in proportions married or in a union and differences in sexual activity among unmarried women across countries. Among 300 million women aged 15–19 years in 2019, 29.8 million (95% UI 24.6–41.7) use any contraception, and 15.0 million (95% UI 12.1–29.2) have unmet need for family planning. Population growth and the postponement of marriage influence trends in the absolute number of adolescents using contraception or experiencing unmet need. Large gaps remain in meeting family-planning needs among adolescents. The proportion of the need satisfied by modern methods, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) indicator 3.7.1, was 59.2% (95% UI 44.8–67.2) globally among adolescents, lower compared to 75.7% (95% UI 73.2%–78.0%) among all women age 15–49 years. It was less than one half of adolescents in need in Western Asia and Northern Africa (38.7%, 95%UI = 20.9–56.5), Central and Southern Asia (43.5%, 95%UI = 36.6–52.3), and sub-Saharan Africa (45.6%, 95%UI = 42.2–49.0). The main limitations of the study are: (i) the uncertainty surrounding estimates for countries with limited or biased data is large; and (ii) underreporting of contraceptive use and needs is likely, especially among unmarried adolescents.
Multiple-trait model through Bayesian inference applied to Jatropha curcas breeding for bioenergy
Authors: Peixoto Marco Antônio , Evangelista Jeniffer Santana Pinto Coelho , Coelho Igor Ferreira , Alves Rodrigo Silva , Laviola Bruno Gâlveas , Fonseca e Silva Fabyano , Resende Marcos Deon Vilela de , Bhering Leonardo Lopes
Published: March 2021

Multiple-trait model tends to be the best alternative for the analysis of repeated measures, since they consider the genetic and residual correlations between measures and improve the selective accuracy. Thus, the objective of this study was to propose a multiple-trait Bayesian model for repeated measures analysis in Jatropha curcas breeding for bioenergy. To this end, the grain yield trait of 730 individuals of 73 half-sib families was evaluated over six harvests. The Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm was used to estimate genetic parameters and genetic values. Genetic correlation between pairs of measures were estimated and four selective intensities (27.4%, 20.5%, 13.7%, and 6.9%) were used to compute the selection gains. The full model was selected based on deviance information criterion. Genetic correlations of low (ρg ≤ 0.33), moderate (0.34 ≤ ρg ≤ 0.66), and high magnitude (ρg ≥ 0.67) were observed between pairs of harvests. Bayesian analyses provide robust inference of genetic parameters and genetic values, with high selective accuracies. In summary, the multiple-trait Bayesian model allowed the reliable selection of superior Jatropha curcas progenies. Therefore, we recommend this model to genetic evaluation of Jatropha curcas genotypes, and its generalization, in other perennials.