bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilization of Quipper Application as Learning Management System in Teaching as Experienced by the Junior High School Teachers of St. Paul University Surigao
Authors: C. Garcia Romalyn , J. Arpilleda, MAMT Alcher , Mallillin, SPC Sr. Marie Rosanne , PhD Mark N. Abadiano,
Published: April 2022

The study aimed to evaluate the Utilization of Quipper Application as Learning Management System in teaching as experienced by the Junior High School Teachers of Saint Paul University Surigao. The study made use of descriptive design in utilizing the validated research-made questionnaire where 24 junior high school teachers were taken as participants. The statistical tools used in the study were the Frequency Count and Percentage Distribution, Mean and Standard Deviation, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Findings revealed that the teachers highly utilized Quipper as Learning Management System in teaching in terms of Sending Assignments and Practice Examinations, Creating Educational Content and Viewing and Downloading Analytics and the teachers’ sex, working years, highest educational level do not affect the utilization of Quipper as Learning Management System in teaching in Saint Paul University Surigao. It is hereby recommended in this study that the teachers may continue to utilize Quipper as learning management system.
Primary care of preputial adhesions in children – a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Maddileti Varunkumar , Gazula Suhasini , Dantala Praveena
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Aside from religious circumcisions, the indications for circumcision are few. However, in the cultural context, many patients are unnecessarily referred for circumcision for physiological phimosis (adhesions). Due to parental concerns and misperceptions by general practitioners, nonretractile prepuce is one of the most common indications for referral to a paediatric surgeon in many countries. This study aimed to determine whether preputial adhesiolysis successfully managed symptomatic non-retractile foreskin and therefore prevented the need for circumcision.
Methods: A retrospective review was performed of the health records of children who presented with preputial adhesion. We included 65 symptomatic patients (ballooning of the prepuce in all cases and additional dysuria in three cases) who underwent preputial adhesiolysis. All cases were followed up for 2 years. Circumcision was subsequently carried out for patients who developed fibrous scarring resulting in difficult retraction due to the development of thick adhesions or skin fissuring with persistence of symptoms.
Results: Of the 65 boys, 58 (89.2%) achieved complete retraction of the prepuce. The remaining 7 boys (10.8%) presented with recurring symptoms and thick fibrosed prepuce, and they underwent circumcision due to the dense adhesions. Histopathological examination of the circumcised prepuces revealed balanitis xerotica obliterans in two cases.
Conclusion: Preputial adhesiolysis is a safe and effective treatment for symptomatic preputial adhesions in boys younger than 5 years old. The procedure avoids circumcision and its associated risks. Preputial adhesiolysis should be offered as a primary treatment instead of circumcision.
Low birth weight infant among teenage pregnancy in Terengganu, Malaysia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Samsury Siti Fatimah , Tengku Ismail Tengku Alina , Hassan Raihan
Published: April 2022

Introduction: The purpose of this research is to determine the factors associated with low-birthweight (LBW) infants in teenage pregnancy.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Terengganu, Malaysia, from January 1, 2020, to May 31, 2020. Records of teenage pregnancies in 2018 were retrieved from the Maternal Health Record Book and Pregnant Woman and Postnatal Book Registry. Simple logistic and multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyse the factors associated with LBW infants in teenage pregnancy.
Results: All 357 cases that fulfilled the study criteria were included. LBW infants were the most common perinatal outcome among teenage pregnancies (19.3%), followed by preterm birth (9.0%), and both low Apgar score and stillbirth (1.4% each). Factors associated with low-birth-weight infants in teenage pregnancy in Terengganu were a teenage husband (AOR 2.0; 95% CI: 1.01, 3.96; p=0.047) and a mother with a low level of education (AOR 3.07; 95% CI: 1.20, 7.85; p=0.019).
Conclusion: Teenage husband and low level of maternal education are significant factors that need to be addressed to improve teenage pregnancy outcomes. Interventions to improve these factors should continue to be encouraged.
Management of gout in the primary care setting
Authors: Low Qin Jian , Lim Tzyy Huei , Hon Shu Ann , Low Qin Jia , Wei Mak Woh , Cheo Seng Wee , Ramlan Azwarina Hanim
Published: April 2022

Gout is a commonly treated inflammatory arthritis that is often managed in the primary care
setting. This disease is prevalent among the multi-ethnic Malaysian population. Unfortunately,
gout is still frequently managed sub-optimally, even in the hospital and primary care settings.
Gout should be considered a major disease since it can potentially lead to multiple disabilities
from joint destruction, nephropathy and increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The
objectives of this review are to summarise the latest updated information and management of
gout in the primary care setting.
Modeling radiative and climatic effects of brown carbon aerosols with the ARPEGE-Climat global climate model
Authors: Drugé Thomas , Nabat Pierre , Mallet Marc , Michou Martine , Rémy Samuel , Dubovik Oleg
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The fraction of organic aerosols, predominantly emitted from biomass burning and biofuel use, that strongly absorbs ultraviolet and short visible light is referred to as brown carbon (BrC). The lifecycle and the optical properties of BrC are still highly uncertain, thus contributing to the uncertainty of the total aerosol radiative effect. This study presents the implementation of BrC aerosols into the atmospheric component of the CNRM climate model and particularly in its aerosol scheme TACTIC, using a BrC parameterization based on the optical properties of Saleh et al. (2014). Several simulations have been carried out with this global climate model, over the period 2000–2014, to analyze the BrC radiative and climatic effects. Model evaluation has been achieved by comparison of single-scattering albedo (SSA), aerosol optical depth (AOD) and absorption aerosol optical depth (AAOD) with AERONET stations at the local scale and with different satellite products at the global scale. This work has mainly shown an improvement, thanks to the BrC implementation and its bleaching parameterization, in total SSA and AAOD, at 440 nm, whether at several AERONET stations or at the regional scale, notably over regions of Africa (AFR) and South America (AME) where large quantities of biomass burning aerosols are emitted. The annual global BrC effective radiative forcing (all-sky conditions) has been calculated in terms of aerosol-radiation interactions (ERFari, 0.029 ± 0.006 W m-2) and in terms of aerosol–cloud interactions (ERFaci, -0.024 ± 0.066 W m-2). Over the AFR and AME regions, the study shows respectively a positive ERFari of 0.292 ± 0.034 and of 0.085 ± 0.032 W m-2 on annual average, close to the BrC radiative effect calculated in other studies. This work also shows that the inclusion of BrC causes a statistically significant low-level cloud fraction increase over the South-East Atlantic Ocean during the burning season caused in part by a vertical velocity decrease at 700 hPa (semi-direct aerosol effect). Lastly, this study also highlights that the low-level cloud fraction changes, associated with more absorbing biomass burning aerosols when BrC aerosols are included, contribute to an increase, at 700 hPa, of both solar heating rate and air temperature over this region.
Suspended particulate matter drives the spatial segregation of nitrogen turnover along the hyper-turbid Ems estuary
Authors: Schulz Gesa , Sanders Tina , van Beusekom Justus E. E. , Voynova Yoana G. , Schöl Andreas , Dähnke Kirstin
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Estuaries are nutrient filters and change riverine nutrient loads before
they reach coastal oceans. Their morphology have been extensively changed by
anthropogenic activities like draining, deepening and dredging to meet
economic and social demand, causing significant regime changes like tidal
amplifications and in some cases to hyper-turbid conditions. Furthermore,
increased nutrient loads, especially nitrogen, mainly by agriculture cause
coastal eutrophication. Estuaries can either act as a sink or as a source of
nitrate, depending on environmental and geomorphological conditions. These
factors vary along an estuary, and change nitrogen turnover in the system.
Here, we investigate the factors controlling nitrogen turnover in the
hyper-turbid Ems estuary (Northern Germany), which has been strongly
impacted by human activities. During two research cruises in August 2014 and
June 2020, we measured water column properties, dissolved inorganic
nitrogen, dual stable isotopes of nitrate and dissolved nitrous oxide
concentration along the estuary. We found that three distinct biogeochemical
zones exist along the estuary. A strong fractionation (∼26 ‰) of nitrate stable isotopes points towards nitrate
removal via water column denitrification in the hyper-turbid tidal river,
driven by anoxic conditions in deeper water layers. In the middle reaches of
the estuary nitrification gains importance, turning this section into a net
nitrate source. The outer reaches are dominated by mixing, with nitrate
uptake in 2020. We find that the overarching control on biogeochemical nitrogen cycling,
zonation and nitrous oxide production in the Ems estuary is exerted by
suspended particulate matter concentrations and the linked oxygen deficits.
A globally-applicable framework for compound flood hazard modeling
Authors: Eilander Dirk , Couasnon Anaïs , Leijnse Tim , Ikeuchi Hiroaki , Yamazaki Dai , Muis Sanne , Dullaart Job , Winsemius Hessel C. , Ward Philip J.
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Coastal river deltas are susceptible to flooding from pluvial, fluvial, and coastal flood drivers. Compound floods, which result from the co-occurrence of two or more of these drivers, typically exacerbate impacts compared to floods from a single driver. While several global flood models have been developed, these do not account for compound flooding. Local scale compound flood models provide state-of-the-art analyses but are hard to scale up as these typically are based on local datasets. Hence, there is a need for globally-applicable compound flood hazard modeling. We develop, validate and apply a framework for compound flood hazard modeling, which consists of the local high-resolution 2D hydrodynamic flood model SFINCS, which is automatically set up from global datasets and loosely coupled with a global hydrodynamic river routing and flood model, as well as a global surge and tide model to account for interactions between all drivers. To test the framework, we simulate two historical compound flood events, cyclones Idai and Eloise, in the Sofala province of Mozambique, and compare the flood extent to observations from remote sensing and to the global quasi 2D CaMa-Flood model. The results show that while the global and local model have similar skill in terms of the critical success index, they result in rather different flood maps. On the one hand, the local model has a higher hit ratio due to the representation of direct coastal and pluvial flooding (rain on grid) and a higher floodplain connectivity. It also shows a faster response to coastal drivers within the estuaries and more realistic flood depth maps. On the other hand, the local model has a higher false alarm ratio, which is partly explained by the inclusion of direct pluvial flooding without sufficient representation of small scale (subgrid) drainage capacity. To showcase a possible application of the framework, we also determine the dominant flood drivers and transition zones between flood drivers for both events. These vary significantly between both events because of differences in the magnitude of and time lag between the flood drivers. We argue that a wide range of plausible events should be investigated to get a robust understanding of compound flood interactions, which is important to understand for flood adaptation, preparedness, and response. As the model setup and coupling is automated, reproducible, and globally applicable, the presented framework is a promising step forward towards large scale compound flood hazard modeling.
Constraining low-frequency variability in climate projections to predict climate on decadal to multi-decadal time scales – a ‘poor-man’ initialized prediction system
Authors: Mahmood Rashed , Donat Markus G. , Ortega Pablo , Doblas-Reyes Francisco J. , Delgado-Torres Carlos , Samsó Margarida , Bretonnière Pierre-Antoine
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Near-term projections of climate change are subject to substantial uncertainty from internal climate variability. Here we present an approach to reduce this uncertainty by sub-selecting those ensemble members that more closely resemble observed patterns of ocean temperature variability immediately prior to a certain start date. This constraint aligns the observed and simulated variability phases and is conceptually similar to initialization in seasonal to decadal climate predictions. We apply this variability constraint to large multi-model projection ensembles from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6), consisting of more than 200 ensemble members, and evaluate the skill of the constrained ensemble in predicting the observed near-surface temperature, sea-level pressure and precipitation on decadal to multi-decadal time scales. We find that the constrained projections show significant skill in predicting the climate of the following ten to twenty years, and added value over the ensemble of unconstrained projections. For the first decade after applying the constraint, the global patterns of skill are very similar and can even outperform those of the multi-model ensemble mean of initialized decadal hindcasts from the CMIP6 Decadal Climate Prediction Project (DCPP). In particular for temperature, larger areas show added skill in the constrained projections compared to DCPP, mainly in the Pacific and some neighboring land regions. Temperature and sea-level pressure in several regions are predictable multiple decades ahead, and show significant added value over the unconstrained projections for forecasting the first two decades and the 20-year averages. We further demonstrate the suitability of regional constraints to attribute predictability to certain ocean regions. On the example of global average temperature changes, we confirm the role of Pacific variability in modulating the reduced rate of global warming in the early 2000s, and demonstrate the predictability of reduced global warming rates over the following 15 years based on the climate conditions leading up to 1998. Our results illustrate that constraining internal variability can significantly improve the accuracy of near-term climate change estimates for the next few decades.
Description of the China global Merged Surface Temperature version 2.0
Authors: Sun Wenbin , Yang Yang , Chao Liya , Dong Wenjie , Huang Boyin , Jones Phil , Li Qingxiang
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Global surface temperature observational datasets are the
basis of global warming studies. In the context of increasing global warming
and frequent extreme events, it is essential to improve the coverage and
reduce the uncertainty in global surface temperature datasets. The China
global Merged Surface Temperature Interim version (CMST-Interim) is updated
to CMST 2.0 in this study. The previous CMST datasets were created by
merging the China global Land Surface Air Temperature (C-LSAT) with sea
surface temperature (SST) data from the Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface
Temperature version 5 (ERSSTv5). The CMST 2.0 contains three variants:
CMST 2.0 − Nrec (without reconstruction), CMST 2.0 − Imax, and CMST 2.0 − Imin
(according to their reconstruction area of the air temperature over the sea
ice surface in the Arctic region). The reconstructed datasets significantly
improve data coverage, whereas CMST 2.0 − Imax and CMST 2.0 − Imin have improved
coverage in the Northern Hemisphere, up to more than 95 %, and thus
increased the long-term trends at global, hemispheric, and regional scales
from 1850 to 2020. Compared to CMST-Interim, CMST 2.0 − Imax and CMST 2.0 − Imin
show a high spatial coverage extended to the high latitudes and are more
consistent with a reference of multi-dataset averages in the polar regions.
The CMST 2.0 datasets presented here are publicly available at the website of
figshare, https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.16929427.v4
(Sun and Li, 2021a), and the CLSAT2.0 datasets can be
downloaded at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.16968334.v4
(Sun and Li, 2021b). Both are also available at
http://www.gwpu.net (last access: January 2022).
Regionalisation of Rainfall Depth-Duration-Frequency curves in Germany
Authors: Shehu Bora , Willems Winfried , Stockel Henrike , Thiele Luisa , Haberlandt Uwe
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Rainfall depth-duration-frequency (DDF) curves are required for the design of several water systems and protection works. These curves are typically generated from the station data by fitting a theoretical distribution to the annual extremes (AMS). The aim of this study is to investigate the use of different data types and methods for estimating reliable DDF curves covering whole Germany. The following three questions are investigated for the evaluation and regionalisation of the DDF curves in Germany: i) which is the best local estimation method, ii) which regionalisation method shows best performance, and iii) which data sets should be used and how they should be integrated. For this purpose, two competitive DDF-procedures for local estimation (Koutsoyiannis et al. 1998, Fischer and Schumann, 2018) and two for regional estimation (kriging theory vs index-based) are implemented and compared. Available station data from the German Weather Service (DWD) for Germany are employed, which includes; 5000 daily stations with more than 40 years available, 1261 high resolution (1 min) recordings with observations period between 10 and 20 years, and finally 133 high resolution (1min) recordings with 60–70 years of observations. The performance of the selected approaches is evaluated by cross-validation, where the local DDFs from the long sub-hourly time series are considered the true reference. The results reveal that the best approach for the estimation of the DDF curves in Germany is by first deriving the local extreme value statistics based on Koutsoyiannis et al. 1998 framework, and later use the kriging regionalisation of long sub-hourly time series with the short sub-hourly time series acting as an external drift. The integration of the daily stations proved to be useful only for DDF values of very low return period (T<10 years), but not doesn’t introduce any improvement for higher return periods (T≥10 years).
On soil bulk density and its influence to soil moisture estimation with cosmic-ray neutrons
Authors: Kasner Mandy , Zacharias Steffen , Schrön Martin
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) is a non-invasive technique that is used to quantify soil moisture in a representative footprint of 10–20 ha and 15–80 cm depth. In a stationary mode, CRNS is widely employed to monitor the moisture dynamics on agricultural land, which may undergo active changes of the soil compartments, e.g. due to plowing. On mobile platforms, CRNS measurements aim at mapping the spatial soil moisture distribution across various types of soil and land use. To date, the potential effect of variable soil bulk density on the neutron measurements has not been investigated in detail. In fact, most sensors are calibrated only once on site-specific soil properties. Therefore we hypothesize that unaccounted spatiotemporal changes of soil bulk density may have impact on the quality of CRNS soil moisture products. In this study, we quantify the effect of the soil density on the neutron response by neutron transport simulations and a dedicated lab experiment. The results indicate a significant dependency of neutrons on soil bulk density, which also depends on the soil moisture state. For the hypothetical cases with constant ratio between soil density and water content, the neutron intensity remains unaffected. Correction functions are proposed to improve the performance of two widely used approaches to convert neutrons to soil moisture (Desilets et al. 2010, and Köhli et al. 2021). The latter approach together with the proposed correction can be recommended for practical use, as it accurately represented the simulated neutron response to soil moisture and soil bulk density with a constant – and potentially universal – calibration parameter.
Assessing hydrological sensitivity of grassland basins in the Canadian Prairies to climate using a basin classification-based virtual modelling approach
Authors: Spence Christopher , He Zhihua , Shook Kevin R. , Mekonnen Balew A. , Pomeroy John W. , Whitfield Colin J. , Wolfe Jared D.
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Significant challenges from changes in climate and land use face sustainable water use in the Canadian Prairies ecozone. The region has experienced significant warming since the mid-20th century, and continued warming of an additional 2 ∘C by 2050 is expected. This paper aims to enhance understanding of climate controls on Prairie basin hydrology through numerical model experiments. It approaches this by developing a basin-classification-based virtual modelling framework for a portion of the Prairie region and applying the modelling framework to investigate the hydrological sensitivity of one Prairie basin class (High Elevation Grasslands) to changes in climate. High Elevation Grasslands dominate much of central and southern Alberta and parts of south-western Saskatchewan, with outliers in eastern Saskatchewan and western Manitoba. The experiments revealed that High Elevation Grassland snowpacks are highly sensitive to changes in climate but that this varies geographically. Spring maximum snow water equivalent in grasslands decreases 8 % ∘C−1 of warming. Climate scenario simulations indicated that a 2 ∘C increase in temperature requires at least an increase of 20 % in mean annual precipitation for there to be enough additional snowfall to compensate for enhanced melt losses. The sensitivity in runoff is less linear and varies substantially across the study domain: simulations using 6 ∘C of warming, and a 30 % increase in mean annual precipitation yields simulated decreases in annual runoff of 40 % in climates of the western Prairie but 55 % increases in climates of eastern portions. These results can be used to identify those areas of the region that are most sensitive to climate change and highlight focus areas for monitoring and adaptation. The results also demonstrate how a basin classification-based virtual modelling framework can be applied to evaluate regional-scale impacts of climate change with relatively high spatial resolution in a robust, effective and efficient manner.
Rapid tsunami force prediction by mode-decomposition-based surrogate modeling
Authors: Tozato Kenta , Takase Shinsuke , Moriguchi Shuji , Terada Kenjiro , Otake Yu , Fukutani Yo , Nojima Kazuya , Sakuraba Masaaki , Yokosu Hiromu
Published: April 2022

Abstract. This study presents a framework for rapid tsunami force predictions by the application of mode-decomposition-based surrogate modeling with 2D–3D coupled numerical simulations. A limited number of large-scale numerical analyses are performed for selection scenarios with variations in fault parameters to capture the distribution tendencies of the target risk indicators. Then, the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is applied to the analysis results to extract the principal modes that represent the temporal and spatial characteristics of tsunami forces. A surrogate model is then constructed by a linear combination of these modes, whose coefficients are defined as functions of the selected input parameters. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed framework to one of the tsunami-affected areas during the Great East Japan Earthquake of 2011. Combining 2D and 3D versions of the stabilized finite element method, we carry out a series of high-precision numerical analyses with different input parameters to obtain a set of time history data of the tsunami forces acting on buildings and the inundation depths. POD is applied to the data set to construct the surrogate model that is capable of providing the predictions equivalent to the simulation results almost instantaneously. Based on the acceptable accuracy of the obtained results, it was confirmed that the proposed framework is a useful tool for evaluating time-series data of hydrodynamic force acting on buildings.
Import of Atlantic Water and sea ice control the ocean environment in the northern Barents Sea
Authors: Lundesgaard Øyvind , Sundfjord Arild , Lind Sigrid , Nilsen Frank , Renner Angelika H. H.
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The northern Barents Sea is a cold, seasonally ice-covered Arctic shelf sea region that has experienced major warming and sea ice loss in recent decades. Here, a two-year observational record from two ocean moorings provides new knowledge about the seasonal hydrographic variability in the region, and about the ocean exchange across its northern margin. The combined records of temperature, salinity, and currents show the advection of warmer and saltier waters of Atlantic origin into the Barents Sea from the north. The source of these warmer water masses is the Atlantic Water boundary current that flows along the continental slope north of Svalbard. Time-varying southward inflow through cross-shelf troughs was the main driver of the seasonal cycle in ocean temperature at the moorings. Inflows were intensified in autumn and early winter, in some cases occurring below the sea ice cover and halocline water. On shorter timescales, subtidal current variability was correlated with the large-scale meridional atmospheric pressure gradient, suggesting wind-driven modulation of the inflow. The mooring records also show that import of sea ice into the Barents Sea has a lasting impact on the upper ocean, where salinity and stratification are strongly affected by the amount of sea ice that has melted in the area. A fresh layer separated the ocean surface from the warm mid-depth waters following large sea ice imports in 2019, whereas diluted Atlantic Water was found close to the surface during episodes in autumn 2018 following a long ice-free period. Thus, the advective imports of ocean water and sea ice from surrounding areas are both key drivers of ocean variability in the region.
Temporal variation of bacterial community and nutrients in Tibetan glacier snowpack
Authors: Chen Yuying , Liu Keshao , Liu Yongqin , Vick-Majors Trista J. , Wang Feng , Ji Mukan
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The Tibetan Plateau harbors the largest number of
glaciers outside the polar regions, which are the source of several major
rivers in Asia. These glaciers are also major sources of nutrients for
downstream ecosystems, while there is a little amount of data available on the nutrient
transformation processes on the glacier surface. Here, we monitored the
carbon and nitrogen concentration changes in a snowpit following a snowfall
in the Dunde Glacier of the Tibetan Plateau. The association of carbon and
nitrogen changes with bacterial community dynamics was investigated in the
surface and subsurface snow (depth at 0–15 and 15–30 cm, respectively)
during a 9 d period. Our results revealed rapid temporal changes in
nitrogen (including nitrate and ammonium) and bacterial communities in both
surface and subsurface snow. Nitrate and ammonium concentrations increased
from 0.44 to 1.15 mg L−1 and 0.18 to 0.24 mg L−1 in the surface snow and
decreased from 3.81 to 1.04 and 0.53 to 0.25 mg L−1 in the subsurface
snow over time. Therefore, we suggest that the surface snow is not
nitrogen-limited, while the subsurface snow is associated with nitrogen
consumption processes and is nitrogen-limited. The nitrate concentration
co-varied with bacterial diversity, community structure, and the predicted
nitrogen fixation and nitrogen assimilation/denitrification-related genes
(narG), suggesting nitrogen could mediate bacterial community changes. The
nitrogen limitation and enriched denitrification-related genes in subsurface
snow suggested stronger environmental and biotic filtering than those in
surface snow, which may explain the lower bacterial diversity, more
pronounced community temporal changes, and stronger biotic interactions.
Collectively, these findings advance our understanding of bacterial
community variations and bacterial interactions after snow deposition and
provide a possible biological explanation for nitrogen dynamics in snow.
Rectification and validation of a daily satellite-derived Antarctic sea ice velocity product
Authors: Tian Tian R. , Fraser Alexander D. , Kimura Noriaki , Zhao Chen , Heil Petra
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Antarctic sea ice kinematics plays a crucial role in shaping the
Southern Ocean climate and ecosystems. Satellite passive-microwave-derived
sea ice motion data have been used widely for studying sea ice motion and
deformation, and they provide daily global coverage at a relatively low spatial resolution (in the order of 60 km × 60 km). In the Arctic,
several validated datasets of satellite observations are available and used
to study sea ice kinematics, but far fewer validation studies exist for the
Antarctic. Here, we compare the widely used passive-microwave-derived
Antarctic sea ice motion product by Kimura et al. (2013) with buoy-derived
velocities and interpret the effects of satellite observational
configuration on the representation of Antarctic sea ice kinematics. We
identify two issues in the Kimura et al. (2013) product: (i) errors in two
large triangular areas within the eastern Weddell Sea and western Amundsen
Sea relating to an error in the input satellite data composite and (ii) a
more subtle error relating to invalid assumptions for the average sensing
time of each pixel. Upon rectification of these, performance of the daily
composite sea ice motion product is found to be a function of latitude,
relating to the number of satellite swaths incorporated (more swaths further
south as tracks converge) and the heterogeneity of the underlying satellite
signal (brightness temperature here). Daily sea ice motion vectors
calculated using ascending- and descending-only satellite tracks (with a
true ∼ 24 h timescale) are compared with the widely used
combined product (ascending and descending tracks combined together, with an
inherent ∼ 39 h timescale). This comparison reveals that
kinematic parameters derived from the shorter-timescale velocity datasets
are higher in magnitude than the combined dataset, indicating a high degree
of sensitivity to observation timescale. We conclude that the new
generation of “swath-to-swath” (S2S) sea ice velocity datasets,
encompassing a range of observational timescales, is necessary to advance
future research into sea ice kinematics.
A global climatology of polar lows investigated for local differences and wind-shear environments
Authors: Stoll Patrick Johannes
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Polar lows are intense mesoscale cyclones developing in marine polar air masses. This study presents a new global climatology of polar lows based on the ERA5 reanalysis for the years 1979–2020. Criteria for the detection of polar lows are derived based on a comparison of five polar-low archives with cyclones derived by a mesoscale tracking algorithm. The characteristics associated with polar lows are considered by the following criteria: (i) intense cyclone (large relative vorticity), (ii) mesoscale (small vortex diameter), and (iii) development in the marine polar air masses (a combination of low potential static stability and low potential temperature at the tropopause). Polar lows develop in all marine areas adjacent to sea ice or cold landmasses, mainly in the winter half year. The length and intensity of the season are regionally dependent. The highest density appears in the Nordic Seas. For all ocean sub-basins, forward-shear polar lows are the most common, whereas weak-shear polar lows and those propagating towards warmer environments are second and third most frequent, depending on the area. Reverse-shear polar lows and those propagating towards colder environments are rather seldom, especially in the Southern Ocean. Generally, polar lows share many characteristics across ocean basins and wind-shear categories. The most remarkable difference is that forward-shear polar lows often occur in a stronger vertical wind shear, whereas reverse-shear polar lows feature lower static stability. Hence, the contribution to a fast baroclinic growth rate is slightly different for the shear categories.
Surgical excision of bilateral interdigital fibroma in a crossbred HF cow – A case report
Authors: Philip Laiju M. , Ramankutty Soumya , Praveen M. K. , Lavanya B. , Joshi Sharat , Lekshmi S. L. , Anoop S. , Martin K. D. John
Published: April 2022

A five year old HF cross cow was presented to Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology with a history of protruded mass in both the hind limbs which were ulcerated and infested with maggots. The condition was diagnosed as bilateral interdigital fibroma (IDF) which was successfully managed by surgical excision under general anaesthesia. The fibroma was excised completely using electrosurgery and bleeding points were cauterized using cryocautery apparatus. Proper skin apposition and claw immobilisation followed by surgical removal lead to uneventful recovery.
Haemato-biochemical changes associated with Babesia gibsoni infection in dogs
Authors: Anju S. , Vijayakumar K. , Sulficar S. , Shyma V. H. , Deepa P. M.
Published: April 2022

The present study was conducted in dogs presented to the UVH, Kokkalai and TVCC, Mannuthy with clinical signs of inappetence, pyrexia, pale mucous membrane and lethargy suggestive of babesiosis. Forty-five dogs which were primarily screened for B. gibsoni infection through blood smear examination and then confirmed by PCR were included in the study and were subjected to a detailed physical examination, haematology and serum biochemistry analyses. Clinical outcome and variation in haematological and serum biochemical parameters were compared with values of normal dogs. Haematological analysis of affected dogs revealed normocytic normochromic anaemia, mild to moderate thrombocytopenia, inconsistent leucocyte count and differential leucocyte count revealed mild lymphocytosis and granulocytosis. Serum biochemical analysis revealed elevated alkaline phosphatase level.
Evaluation of serum calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase levels during long bone fracture repair in dogs stabilized with string of pearls plating technique
Authors: Joshi Sharat , Venugopal Syam K. , Nair Sudheesh S. , Sunilkumar N. S. , Martin K. D. John
Published: April 2022

The present study was conducted to evaluate biochemical parameters like serum calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase during long bones fracture healing in six dogs, which were stabilized with string of pearls (SOP) plate. Statistical analysis revealed no significant variation (P<0.05) in these parameters during the entire period of healing and the values were within the normal range.
Prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in marine fishes, crustaceans and molluscs in Kozhikode district, Kerala#
Authors: Deepa J. , Sunil B. , Latha C. , Vrinda K. M. , Mini M. , Aravindakshan T. V.
Published: April 2022

Campylobacteriosis is one of the leading causes of bacterial gastroenteritis world over, with a self-limiting nature. Nevertheless some rare sequelae like Guillain-Barre syndrome, Reiter syndrome and reactive arthritis are evident. With poultry as a major reservoir, the organism is ubiquitous in nature and has been isolated from various sources like animals and the environment. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in marine fishes (n=48), crustaceans (n=35) and molluscs (n=50) from Puthiyappa, a fish catchment area of coastal Kerala (India) using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) in combination with conventional plating technique using Blood-free campylobacter broth and modified Charcoal Cefoperazone Deoxycholate (mCCD) agar. Campylobacter spp. was found to be present in marine fishes, crustaceans and molluscs at a level of 6.3, 8.6 and 28.0 per cent, respectively. The predominant species was Campylobacter jejuni in fishes, while Campylobacter coli was more prevalent in molluscs. Of the seasonally available fishes, the organism was found to be present in ribbon fish, pink perch, pony fish, while among molluscs, it was present in mussel, squid and clam. Only 8.3 and 6.0 per cent of Campylobacter spp. were recoverable from fishes and molluscs, respectively, on mCCDA plates. Campylobacter spp. in these marine fishes and shellfishes indicate that these can act as possible sources for the transmission of food-borne campylobacteriosis.
Drinking quality assessment of well water with respect to Escherichia coli contamination from different sources#
Authors: Sruthi C. , Sethulekshmi C. , Latha C. , Jolly Deepa , Jose Ponnu
Published: April 2022

The present study was undertaken to assess the drinking water quality of well water with respect to Escherichia coli contamination from different sources. A total of 138 drinking water samples contaminated with coliforms above 10 MPN Index per 100 mL formed the study material. A cross sectional survey was conducted for the sanitary evaluation of drinking water along with inspection of household wells and surroundings. A retrospective investigation was carried out to assess the contamination of E. coli-positive well water samples. The associated sources for E. coli contamination like, 93 human stool samples, 84 animal faecal samples, 25 bird cloacal swabs, 138 soil and 27 drainage water samples were also collected from the premises of the respective households in order to identify the source contaminating the well water. All the samples were subjected to isolation and identification of E. coli by conventional culture technique followed by molecular confirmation using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Statistical analysis using Pearson’s chi square test revealed highly significant association between the occurrence of E. coli in drinking water and sources viz., human stool, animal faeces and soil samples (p ≤ 0.01). The unassociated sources of E. coli contamination in drinking water exhibited a highly significant association with the increasing distance of well from the septic tank as well as with the presence of linings in wells and animals in the households. Hence, the study conducted for the identification of sources of E. coli contamination of drinking water signifies the importance of revised construction rules to protect the wells from contaminating sources and the need of regular and effective water treatment protocols.
Çocukların Sosyal Medya, Akıllı Telefon ve Oyun Bağımlılığı Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Üstündağ Alev
Published: April 2022

Amaç: Bu araştırma çocukların sosyal medya, akıllı telefon ve oyun bağımlılığı arasında ilişki olup olmadığının belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden bağıntısal yöntem kullanılarak araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya 12-15 yaş arasında bulunan 248 çocuk katılmıştır. Veri toplama araçları Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Uygulama Temelli Akıllı Telefon Bağımlılığı Ölçeği, Bergen Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı Ölçeği ve İnternet Oyun Oynama Bozukluğu Ölçeğidir.
Bulgular: Çocukların sosyal medya bağımlılık düzeyleri ile oyun bağımlılık düzeyleri ve akıllı telefon bağımlılık düzeyleri arasında ilişki olduğu ve çocukların oyun bağımlılık düzeyleri ile akıllı telefon bağımlılık düzeyleri arasında da anlamlı ve olumlu bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Akıllı telefon kullanımı ile hem sosyal medya hem de oyun bağımlılık düzeyi arasında anlamlı ve pozitif yönde ilişki bulunmaktadır. Cinsiyet değişkenine göre yapılan analiz sonucunda kız öğrencilerin sosyal medya bağımlılık düzeyleri ile oyun bağımlılık düzeyleri ve akıllı telefon bağımlılık düzeyleri arasında ilişki olduğu ve oyun bağımlılık düzeyleri ile de akıllı telefon bağımlılık düzeyleri arasında ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Erkek öğrencilerin ise sosyal medya bağımlılık düzeyleri ile oyun bağımlılık düzeyleri arasında negatif yönde ve zayıf bir ilişki olduğu, ancak oyun bağımlılık düzeyleri ile akıllı telefon bağımlılık düzeyleri arasında pozitif yönde ve orta bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Dijital çağda çocukların ekran karşısından uzaklaştırılması çok da mümkün değildir. Araştırma sonuçları da çocukların tamamının akıllı cep telefonu kullandığını, çevrimiçi oyun oynadıklarını, herhangi bir sosyal medya uygulaması kullandıklarını ve akıllı telefon kullanımı ile hem sosyal medya hem de oyun bağımlılık düzeyleri arasında anlamlı ve pozitif yönde ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu nedenle ekran karşısında geçirilen zamanın daha nitelikli ve gelişimlerini destekleyici olabilmesi amacıyla çocuklara medya okuryazarlığı eğitimi verilmesi için destek programlar oluşturulabilir.
Covid-19 Salgını Sürecinde Alkol ve Madde Bağımlılarının Kullanım ve Tedavi Deneyimleri
Authors: Semerci Melike , Acar Burak , Yaman Ömer Miraç
Published: April 2022

Amaç: Toplumda dezavantajlı ve savunmasız gruplar arasında yer alan bağımlı popülasyonu pandemi sürecinden etkilenen gruplardan birini oluşturmaktadır. Buna ilişkin araştırmada alkol ve madde bağımlısı bireylerin pandemi sürecindeki yaşam deneyimlerinin ve tedaviye ilişkin durumlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Bu kapsamda uzman, eğitmen ve ex-user olarak görev yapan 10 bağımlı çalışanı ve tedavi sürecine devam eden 5 bağımlı olmak üzere toplamda 15 kişiyle yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği kullanılarak derinlemesine mülakat gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Pandemi döneminin alkol ve madde bağımlısı bireylerin yaşamlarında olumlu/olumsuz birtakım değişimlere yol açtığı ve bu değişimlerin ağırlıklı olarak sosyal izolasyon, madde temini ve tedaviye yönelik hizmetlerde kendini gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte sosyal izolasyon sürecinin bağımlılar açısından kaygı, stres, işsizlik gibi olumsuz durumları beraberinde getirdiği ve özellikle tedaviye yönelik olarak hizmetleri devam ettirme ve uygulanan alternatif yöntemlere uyum sağlama konusunda zorlukların yaşandığı belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Genel popülasyon içerisinde savunmasız bir grubu oluşturan bağımlıların özellikle pandemi döneminde hassas bir alan olarak değerlendirilmesi ve bu dönemde yaşanan olumsuzlukların giderilmesine yönelik kurumsal ve sistemsel müdahale planlarının kapsamlı bir şekilde yürütülmesi gerekmektedir.
Alışveriş Bağımlılığında Cinsiyet Farklılığı Bildiren Çalışmaların Analizi
Authors: Sasman Kaylı Derya , Özlem Şevval Özge
Published: April 2022

Bu çalışma, uluslararası alan yazında alışveriş bağımlılığı alanında yapılan araştırmaların yayınlandığı yıl ve yöntem özelliklerini, alışveriş bağımlılığıyla ilişkilenen alanların nasıl çeşitlendiğini, cinsiyet temelinde nasıl farklılaştığını, konuyla ilgili kapsamın hangi değişkenlerle ele alındığını incelemeyi ve bu yöndeki eğilimi tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada nitel yöntem ve amaçlı örneklem tekniği kullanılmıştır. 2010-2021 tarihleri arasında uluslararası alan yazında yapılmış araştırma makaleleri Google Scholar üzerinden taranmış olup betimsel analize tabi tutulmuştur. Yapılan analiz sonucunda nitel, nicel ve karma desenli olmak üzere toplamda 65 çalışma tespit edilmiş ve hazırlanan dahil edilme kriterleri kapsamında 18 çalışma araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre çalışmalarda nicel araştırma yönteminin sıklıkla tercih edildiği; tarama araştırma deseninde ve uygun örnekleme modeli ile hazırlandığı; çoğunlukla lisans öğrencileri ile yürütüldüğü, verilerin alanla ilgili kullanılan ölçeklerle toplandığı ve korelasyon yöntemi ile analiz edildiği görülmektedir. Ayrıca alışveriş bağımlılığının daha çok benlik saygısı, beden imajı ve cinsiyet farklılıkları temelinde ele alındığı belirlenmiştir. Örneklem grubu olarak araştırmalardaki kadın katılımcı sayılarının erkek katılımcı sayılarına göre daha fazla olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Alışveriş bağımlılığı alanında nicel yöntemin yaygın kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Ancak konunun hangi örüntülerle iç içe olduğunu, hangi anlamlar yüklendiğini, derinlemesine tartışabilmek için nitel veya karma desenli araştırmalara ihtiyaç vardır. Diğer yandan alışveriş bağımlılığı alanındaki çalışmalarda risk grubu olarak kadınların ön plana çıktığı görülmektedir. Risk faktörlerinin cinsiyetler temelinde neden ve nasıl farklılaştığını anlamaya dolasıyla konuyla ilgili müdahale yöntemlerini oluşturmaya ihtiyaç vardır. Alışveriş bağımlılığına eşlik eden diğer bağımlılıklarında dikkate alındığı çalışmaların yapılmasına ihtiyaç vardır.
Correlation between Nomophobia, Fear of Missing Out and Academic Success
Authors: Çatıker Aslıhan , Bulucu Büyüksoy Gizem Deniz , Özdil Kamuran
Published: April 2022

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between nomophobia and fear of missing out with academic performance among nursing students.
Method: This cross-sectional research was performed with students in the nursing department of a health sciences faculty in a university in Turkey. The study was completed with 241 participants attending the nursing department. Data were collected with the descriptive survey form, nomophobia questionnaire (NMP-Q), and fear of missing out scale (FoMOs)..
Results: The research determined that nursing students had mean NMP-Q (73.82±21.27) and FoMOs (21.36±6.93) points at average levels. The model in the research was significant and the variables of gender and income explained 17% of general point average (GPA). Accordingly, GPA was lower by 2.4 points for men and by 0.9 points for those whose income did not match their expenditure
Conclusion: The study identified that NMP-Q and FoMOs points were at moderate levels and these did not have an effect on the academic success level of nursing students. However, considering the seriousness of problems created by increasing technology use and digital problems currently, taking precautionary measures against these problems will be an effective intervention.