bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exogenous and endogenous microbiomes of wild-caught Phormia regina (Diptera: Calliphoridae) flies from a suburban farm by 16S rRNA gene sequencing
Authors: Deguenon Jean M. , Travanty Nicholas , Zhu Jiwei , Carr Ann , Denning Steven , Reiskind Michael H. , Watson David W. , Michael Roe R. , Ponnusamy Loganathan
Published: December 2019

The black blow fly,Phormia regina(Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) is one of the most abundant carrion flies in North America. Calliphorids are important in agriculture and animal production, veterinary sciences, forensics and medical entomology. While the role of flies in the epidemiology of human and animal diseases is an active area of research, little is known about the microorganisms associated with these insects. We examined the diversity of wild-caught black blow fly endogenous (internal body) and exogenous (external body) microbial communities using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Overall, 27 phyla, 171 families and 533 genera were detected, and diversity was significantly higher (P< 0.05) on external body surfaces. At the genus level,Dysgonomonas,Ignatzschineria,Acinetobacter,Vagococcus,Myroides, andWohlfahrtiimonaswere predominant. Cloning and sequencing of nearly full-length fragments of the 16S rRNA gene showed that some of the species identified are known to be pathogenic to humans, animals, and plants.Myroides odoratimimusandAcinetobacter radioresistensare well-known, multi-drug resistant bacteria. These results provide a snapshot of the microbial communities harbored by adult black blow flies and call for more comprehensive studies to better characterize the role these flies may play in the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms.
Prediction of IDH and TERT promoter mutations in low-grade glioma from magnetic resonance images using a convolutional neural network
Authors: Fukuma Ryohei , Yanagisawa Takufumi , Kinoshita Manabu , Shinozaki Takashi , Arita Hideyuki , Kawaguchi Atsushi , Takahashi Masamichi , Narita Yoshitaka , Terakawa Yuzo , Tsuyuguchi Naohiro , Okita Yoshiko , Nonaka Masahiro , Moriuchi Shusuke , Takagaki Masatoshi , Fujimoto Yasunori , Fukai Junya , Izumoto Shuichi , Ishibashi Kenichi , Nakajima Yoshikazu , Shofuda Tomoko , Kanematsu Daisuke , Yoshioka Ema , Kodama Yoshinori , Mano Masayuki , Mori Kanji , Ichimura Koichi , Kanemura Yonehiro , Kishima Haruhiko
Published: December 2019

Identification of genotypes is crucial for treatment of glioma. Here, we developed a method to predict tumor genotypes using a pretrained convolutional neural network (CNN) from magnetic resonance (MR) images and compared the accuracy to that of a diagnosis based on conventional radiomic features and patient age. Multisite preoperative MR images of 164 patients with grade II/III glioma were grouped by IDH and TERT promoter (pTERT) mutations as follows: (1) IDH wild type, (2) IDH and pTERT co-mutations, (3) IDH mutant and pTERT wild type. We applied a CNN (AlexNet) to four types of MR sequence and obtained the CNN texture features to classify the groups with a linear support vector machine. The classification was also performed using conventional radiomic features and/or patient age. Using all features, we succeeded in classifying patients with an accuracy of 63.1%, which was significantly higher than the accuracy obtained from using either the radiomic features or patient age alone. In particular, prediction of the pTERT mutation was significantly improved by the CNN texture features. In conclusion, the pretrained CNN texture features capture the information of IDH and TERT genotypes in grade II/III gliomas better than the conventional radiomic features.
Oral administration of EP4-selective agonist KAG-308 suppresses mouse knee osteoarthritis development through reduction of chondrocyte hypertrophy and TNF secretion
Authors: Murahashi Yasutaka , Yano Fumiko , Chijimatsu Ryota , Nakamoto Hideki , Maenohara Yuji , Amakawa Masahiro , Miyake Yoshihide , Yamanaka Hiroyuki , Iba Kousuke , Yamashita Toshihiko , Tanaka Sakae , Saito Taku
Published: December 2019

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the world’s most common degenerative diseases, but there is no disease-modifying treatment available. Previous studies have shown that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and PGE2 receptor 4 (EP4) are involved in OA pathogenesis; however, their roles are not fully understood. Here, we examined the efficacy of oral administration of KAG-308, an EP4-selective agonist, in surgically induced mouse knee OA. Cartilage degeneration and synovitis were significantly inhibited by the KAG-308 treatment. Chondrocyte hypertrophy and expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (Mmp13) in the synovium were suppressed in the KAG-308-treated mice. In cultured chondrocytes, hypertrophic differentiation was inhibited by KAG-308 and intranuclear translocation of histone deacetylase 4 (Hdac4) was enhanced. In cultured synoviocytes, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of TNF and Mmp13 was also suppressed by KAG-308. KAG-308 was detected in the synovium and cartilage of orally treated mice. TNF secretion from the synovia of KAG-308-treated mice was significantly lower than control mice. Thus, we conclude that oral administration of KAG-308 suppresses OA development through suppression of chondrocyte hypertrophy and synovitis. KAG-308 may be a potent candidate for OA drug development.
Effects of miR-98 in intrauterine extracellular vesicles on maternal immune regulation during the peri-implantation period in cattle
Authors: Nakamura Keigo , Kusama Kazuya , Ideta Atsushi , Kimura Koji , Hori Masatoshi , Imakawa Kazuhiko
Published: December 2019

Evidence accumulated suggests that extracellular vesicles (EVs) present in uterine lumen play a role in conceptus-endometrial cell interactions during peri-implantation periods. However, how intrauterine EVs function on endometrium have not been well characterized. To study how intrauterine EVs affect endometrial milieu in cattle, bovine endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) were treated with EVs isolated from uterine flushing fluids (UFs) on day 17 or 20 pregnancy (P17, P20, respectively; conceptus implantation to endometrium begins on days 19–19.5). RNA extracted from EECs were then subjected to RNA sequence analysis. The analysis revealed that transcripts related to immune system were down-regulated in EECs treated with EVs on P20 compared with those on P17. To investigate whether microRNAs (miRNAs) in EVs regulate maternal immune system in the endometrium during the peri-implantation, microRNA sequence and in silico analyses were performed, identifying bta-miR-98 in EVs as a potential miRNA to regulate maternal immune system. Furthermore, the treatment of EECs with bta-miR-98 negatively regulated several immune system-related genes, CTSC, IL6, CASP4 and IKBKE, in EECs. These results suggest that EVs containing bta-miR-98 is a regulator of maternal immune system, possibly allowing the conceptus attachment to the endometrial epithelium during the peri-implantation period.
Adaptation of muscle activation after patellar loading demonstrates neural control of joint variables
Authors: Barroso Filipe O. , Alessandro Cristiano , Tresch Matthew C.
Published: December 2019

We evaluated whether the central nervous system (CNS) chooses muscle activations not only to achieve behavioral goals but also to minimize stresses and strains within joints. We analyzed the coordination between quadriceps muscles during locomotion in rats before and after imposing a lateral force on the patella. Vastus lateralis (VL) and vastus medialis (VM) in the rat produce identical knee torques but opposing mediolateral patellar forces. If the CNS regulates internal joint stresses, we predicted that after imposing a lateral patellar load by attaching a spring between the patella and lateral femur, the CNS would reduce the ratio between VL and VM activation to minimize net mediolateral patellar forces. Our results confirmed this prediction, showing that VL activation was reduced after attaching the spring whereas VM and rectus femoris (RF) activations were not significantly changed. This adaptation was reversed after the spring was detached. These changes were not observed immediately after attaching the spring but only developed after 3–5 days, suggesting that they reflected gradual processes rather than immediate compensatory reflexes. Overall, these results support the hypothesis that the CNS chooses muscle activations to regulate internal joint variables.
Anti-escaping of incident laser in rare-earth doped fluoride ceramics with glass forming layer
Authors: Shi H. F. , Lin P. J. , Yang J. X. , Yuan J. L. , Pun E. Y. B. , Song Y. , Zhao X. , Lin H.
Published: December 2019

Adaptive fluoride ceramic with glass forming layer (GCZBL-Er) used in laser anti-escaping has been prepared by one-step synthesis, and the thickness of glass layer is identified as ~0.41 mm. Blue, green and red emissions of Er3+/Yb3+ codoped fluoride ceramic (CZBL-Er) and glass layer (GZBL-Er) have been investigated under ~980 nm laser pumping. With the forming of thin glass layer on ceramic surface, the absorption intensities on diffuse reflection of GCZBL-Er at 974 nm and 1.53 μm increase by 48% and 53% than those of CZBL-Er. Excited by a 979 nm laser, the presence of the glass layer increases the absolute absorption rate in spectral power from 75% in CZBL-Er to 83% in GCZBL-Er, which is consistent with the improvement in the absorbed photon number. In addition, the quantum yield of GCZBL-Er complex is raised by 28.4% compared to the case of ceramic substrate by photon quantification. Intense absorption-conversion ability and efficient macroscopical anti-escaping effect confirm the superiority of ingenious structure in the fluoride ceramics with glass forming layer, which provides a new approach for developing the absorption-conversion materials of anti-NIR laser detection.
In Utero Exposure to Glucocorticoids and Pubertal Timing in Sons and Daughters
Authors: Sand Sofie Aagaard , Ernst Andreas , Lunddorf Lea Lykke Harrits , Brix Nis , Gaml-Sørensen Anne , Ramlau-Hansen Cecilia Høst
Published: December 2019

Early pubertal timing has been associated with adult diseases, and identifying preventable causes is of importance. In utero exposure to exogenous glucocorticoids, has been associated with changes in the reproductive hormonal axes in the children, which may influence pubertal timing. Exogenous glucocorticoids can be indicated for diseases such as asthma, allergy, skin diseases, as well as muscle and joint diseases. The aim was to explore the association between in utero exposure to glucocorticoids and pubertal timing in the children. This population-based study was conducted in the Puberty Cohort including 15,819 children, which is a sub-cohort of the Danish National Birth Cohort. Information on maternal glucocorticoid treatment was collected through interviews during pregnancy. Information on pubertal timing was obtained by questionnaires every 6 months throughout puberty, including Tanner Stages, axillary hair, acne, voice break, first ejaculation and menarche. The potential impact of confounding by indication was explored by stratifying on indication and treatment status. Overall, 6.8% of the children were exposed to glucocorticoids in utero. Exposure to glucocorticoids in utero was not associated with earlier puberty for neither boys nor girls with combined estimates of 0.4 months (95% CI: –1.5; 2.2) and –0.7 months (95% CI: –2.5; 1.2).
The Relationship Between Evaluation Methods for Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Yoshida Yoichiro , Satoh Atsushi , Yamada Teppei , Aisu Naoya , Matsuoka Taisuke , Koganemaru Tomoko , Kajitani Ryuji , Munechika Taro , Matsumoto Yoshiko , Nagano Hideki , Komono Akira , Sakamoto Ryohei , Morimoto Mitsuaki , Arima Hisatomi , Hasegawa Suguru
Published: December 2019

Numbness and pain are currently evaluated using subjective methods such as the visual analogue scale (VAS). PainVision (PV) is an analytical instrument that was designed to quantitatively assess sense perception and nociception in patients. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is one of the most important adverse events that renders prolonged chemotherapy difficult. To assess the features of CIPN, we aimed to compare PV methods with existing methods. A total of 73 patients received oxaliplatin for metastatic colorectal cancer. Registered patients included 37 men and 36 women in the range of 37 to 89 years (median 70). CIPN was evaluated a total of 483 times (median per patient six times). Our study examined the correlation between evaluation methods of CIPN using VAS and PV, respectively. The average VAS (hand), VAS (foot) and PV scores of CIPN were 18.4 (range: 0–100), 23.8 (range: 0–100), and 24.7 (range: 0–496), respectively. VAS (hand), VAS (foot), and FACT/GOG-NTX (NTX2, NTX4 and NTX8) were significantly correlated with PV. PV showed no correlation with a Disk-Criminator or the monofilament test used as a quantitative evaluation. The evaluation of CIPN is complex, and further improvement is required for evaluation with PV.
Complement activation by autoantigen recognition in the growth process of benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Hata Junya , Machida Takeshi , Matsuoka Kanako , Hoshi Seiji , Akaihata Hidenori , Hiraki Hiroyuki , Suzuki Toshiyuki , Ogawa Soichiro , Kataoka Masao , Haga Nobuhiro , Ishibashi Kei , Homma Yoshimi , Sekine Hideharu , Kojima Yoshiyuki
Published: December 2019

The pathophysiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) remained unclear. Here, we concentrated on the complement activation in the growth of BPH using a rat model. BPH tissues were harvested from rats after rat urogenital sinus implantation. The local expression and deposition levels of C1q, C3, mannose-binding lectin (MBL), factor B (FB), and C5b-9 in the rat and human BPH tissues were analyzed by real-time RT-PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Serum IgG levels in the rat BPH model were analyzed by ELISA, and IHC was used to assess tissue localization. Proteins binding serum IgG autoantibody in the BPH rats were isolated by immunoprecipitation. C1q, C3, MBL, FB and C5b-9 were highly localized in rat BPH tissues compared to normal tissues. In contrast, C3, FB and C5b-9, but not C1q and MBL, were abundantly detected in human BPH tissues compared to normal tissues. Diffuse localization of IgG in rat BPH tissues was found. Heat shock protein 90, annexin, α-smooth muscle actin, and β-actin were identified as targets for IgG autoantibodies in the BPH model. Our results strongly suggested the role for complement activation in the growth process of BPH, likely triggered by classical pathway activation with autoantibodies.
Mass spectrometric quantification of microRNAs in biological samples based on multistage signal amplification
Authors: Li Xiangtang , Zhao Jingjin , Xu Rui , Pan Li , Liu Yi-Ming
Published: December 2019

Quantification of miRNAs based on multistage signal amplification and LC-ESI-MS/MS.
Core–shell ZnO@C:N hybrids derived from MOFs as long-cycling anodes for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Guo Yichuan , Wang Zhaoying , Lu Xinsheng , Lu Jianguo , Rabia Khatoon , Chen Hongwen , Hu Rui , Tang Haichao , Zhang Qinghua , Li Zhoupeng
Published: December 2019

ZnO@C:N hybrids are obtained that have a reversible capacity of 608 mA h g−1 after 500 cycles.
A cobalt hydroxide nanosheet-mediated synthesis of core–shell-type Mn0.005Co2.995O4 spinel nanocubes as efficient oxygen electrocatalysts
Authors: Kwon Sunglun , Lee Jong Hyeon
Published: December 2019

We developed a topotatic growth involving an exfoliated cobalt hydroxide nanosheet, which allows water-based mild reaction (90 °C) with Mn(ii)/Co(ii) salts for the formation of the homogeneous cubic spinel oxides of MnxCo3−xO4.
Enhanced pseudocapacitive energy storage properties of budding-branch like MoO2@C/CNT nanorods
Authors: Si Haochen , Sun Li , Zhang Yuanxing , Wu Lin , Zhang Yu , Zhang Yihe
Published: December 2019

An MoO2@C/CNT composite with budding-branch like MoO2@C wrapped by carbon nanotubes was synthesized, showing enhanced capacitive performance.
Stability and universal encapsulation of epitaxial Xenes
Authors: Molle Alessandro , Faraone Gabriele , Lamperti Alessio , Chiappe Daniele , Cinquanta Eugenio , Martella Christian , Bonera Emiliano , Scalise Emilio , Grazianetti Carlo
Published: December 2019

We propose a sequential Al2O3 encapsulation of silicene as a solution to degradation, that can be extended to the general case of epitaxial Xenes on substrates.
Designing multifunctional gels with electrical conductivity, mechanical toughness and self-oscillating performance
Authors: Ren Jie , Zhao Lingling , Zhang Aixia , Zhang Lan , Li Yan , Yang Wu
Published: December 2019

Self-oscillating polymer gels driven by the Belousov–Zhabotinsky (BZ) oscillating chemical reaction are a new class of functional gels that have potential applications in autonomously functioning membranes and as artificial muscle actuators.
A quasi-solid composite electrolyte with dual salts for dendrite-free lithium metal batteries
Authors: Qiu Genrui , Sun Chunwen
Published: December 2019

The cycle stability of the Li|HSE|Li battery can be greatly improved by adding magnesium salt to the electrolyte membrane.
Strong intramolecular DyIII–DyIII magnetic couplings up to 15.00 cm−1 in phenoxyl-bridged dinuclear 4f complexes
Authors: Zhang Wei , Xu Shao-Min , Zhu Zhao-Xia , Ru Jing , Zhang Yi-Quan , Yao Min-Xia
Published: December 2019

Unexpectedly, intramoleular DyIII–DyIII magnetic couplings are up to 15.00 cm−1 in the phenolate-bridged Dy2 complexes. And single-molecule magnet behavior is exhibited with effective energy of 76.18 K under zero dc field.
A ring-shaped random laser in momentum space
Authors: Bian Yaoxing , Shi Xiaoyu , Hu Mengnan , Wang Zhaona
Published: December 2019

A ring-shaped random laser in momentum space is proposed by coupling a random laser with a commercial optical fiber.
Coumarin-3-formylpyrazoles as 3-carbon synthons in cyclocondensation for the synthesis of spiro-fused pentacyclic spirooxindoles
Authors: Lei Chuan-Wen , Zhang Chuan-Bao , Wang Zhen-Hua , Xie Ke-Xin , Zhao Jian-Qiang , Zhou Ming-Qiang , Zhang Xiao-Mei , Xu Xiao-Ying , Yuan Wei-Cheng
Published: December 2019

A range of spiro-fused pentacyclic spirooxindoles were smoothly obtained by using coumarin-3-formylpyrazoles as 3-carbon synthons via a tandem esterification/intramolecular Michael addition process.
Silver/palladium relay catalyzed 1,3-dipole annulation/allylation reactions to access fully substituted allyl imidazolidines
Authors: Han Ruiping , Ding Yue , Jin Xueke , Li Er-Qing
Published: December 2019

A silver/palladium relay catalyzed 1,3-dipole annulation/allylation reaction of iminoesters and Baylis–Hillman acetates that delivers fully substituted allyl imidazolidines, has been reported.
Anodic engineering towards high-performance direct methanol fuel cells with non-precious-metal cathode catalysts
Authors: Xia Zhangxun , Xu Xinlong , Zhang Xiaoming , Li Huanqiao , Wang Suli , Sun Gongquan
Published: December 2019

Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) have drawn extensive interest for the past two decades both in scientific research and industrial engineering circles for their advantages of high energy density, environmental friendliness, and easy fuel handling.
Outcomes of Cardiovascular Surgery Utilizing Heparin versus Direct Thrombin Inhibitors in Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Patients with Previously Diagnosed HIT
Authors: Carlson Daniel S. , Bartholomew John R. , Gomes Marcelo P. , McCrae Keith R. , Chaturvedi Shruti
Published: December 2019

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a life-threatening complication of heparin therapy. Heparin is generally avoided in patients with a history of HIT; however, it remains the anticoagulant of choice for cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) because of limited experience with alternative anticoagulants such as direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) during CPB. We report outcomes of surgery requiring CPB (30-day mortality, rate of thrombosis, and hemorrhage) in patients with prior HIT who received either heparin or a DTI intraoperatively. Seventy-two patients with a prior diagnosis of HIT confirmed by a positive serotonin release assay underwent CBP with a positive HIT antibody at the time of surgery. Thirty-day mortality was 0 and 8.5% in the DTI and heparin cohorts (p = 0.277). Thrombotic events occurred in 1 (7.7%) of the patients treated with DTI and 15 (25.4%) receiving heparin (p = 0.164). In the DTI cohort, 7 (53.8%) had minimal bleeding, 5 (38.5%) had mild bleeding, 1 (7.8%) had moderate bleeding, and none had severe bleeding. In the heparin group, 16 (27.1%) had minimal bleeding, 14 (23.7%) had mild bleeding, 25 (42.4%) had moderate bleeding, and 4 (6.8%) had severe bleeding (p = 0.053). DTI was associated with a lower rate of moderate to severe hemorrhage than heparin (odds ratio 0.097 [95% confidence interval 0.011–0.824], p = 0.033) in a logistic regression model adjusted for thrombocytopenia and length on bypass. DTI appears to be safe in selected patients undergoing CPB after a diagnosis of HIT, and was not associated with higher rates of 30-day mortality, thrombosis, or hemorrhage.
Appropriate Timing for Evaluation of the Short-Term Effectiveness of Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Inui Hiroshi , Taketomi Shuji , Yamagami Ryota , Kono Kenichi , Kawaguchi Kohei , Nakazato Keiu , Takagi Kentarou , Kage Tomofumi , Tanaka Sakae
Published: December 2019

Satisfactory results have been achieved with unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) for the treatment of isolated unicompartmental knee disease. However, UKA is associated with a significantly higher rate of revision. There is a tendency toward early revision of UKA for persistent pain because surgeons are not aware that outcomes can spontaneously improve with time. The aim of this study was to identify the time period that patients achieved the highest clinical outcomes following UKA. In total, we examined 72 knees that underwent Oxford UKA. We evaluated the range of motion and clinical results including Knee Society Knee Score, Knee Society Function Score (KSFS), and patient-reported scores using the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) at 1, 2, and 3 years postoperatively. The extension angle showed significant recovery from 1 to 2 years postoperatively, but no significant recovery was observed between 2 and 3 years. The flexion angle at 2 years is larger than at 1 year. The KSFS at 3 years is significantly lower than that at 1 year. The KOOS subscale of activities of daily living showed no significant differences among three periods after operation. The subscales of pain, symptom, sports, and quality of life showed significant recovery from 1 to 2 years postoperatively, but no significant recovery was observed from 2 to 3 years. To evaluate the effectiveness of Oxford UKA, surgeons should obtain clinical outcomes 2 years after the operation.
Composition dependence of the second-order interfacial magnetic anisotropy for MgO/CoFeB/Ta films
Authors: Ogasawara Takahiro , Oogane Mikihiko , Al-Mahdawi Muftah , Tsunoda Masakiyo , Ando Yasuo
Published: December 2019

The CoFeB thickness, t dependence of the effective first- and second-order magnetic anisotropy, K1eff and K2, for MgO/(Co1-xFex)80B20/Ta films (x=0.3-1.0) is investigated. As Co40Fe40B20 thickness decreases, K1eff increases and shows a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy for t=1.2 nm. On the other hand, in-plane magnetic anisotropy is observed for t≥1.4 nm. Also, a 1.3-nm-thick CoFeB sample demonstrates an easy-cone behavior, which suggests that the magnitude of K1eff and K2 becomes comparable. By plotting the product of K2 and t-td as a function of t-td, where td is a magnetic dead layer thickness, linear dependences with negative y-axis intercepts are displayed for all ranges of x. The extracted interfacial K2, Ki(2) are varied depending on the compositions in the range of-0.024 to −0.042 erg/cm2 for x=100% and 30, 50%, respectively. A magnetic phase diagram summarizing the results of K1-2πMs2 and K2 suggests that the ratio of K2 against K1-2πMs2 is varied depending on the compositions. These results give us a guideline to achieve the desired magnetic properties of CoFeB for spintronic applications.
On-load demagnetization effect of high-coercive-force PMs in switched flux hybrid magnet memory machine
Authors: Yang Hui , Chen Xiaomin , Lin Heyun , Zhu Z. Q. , Lyu Shukang
Published: December 2019

In the previous researches of hybrid magnet memory motors (HMMMs), the demagnetization characteristics of low-coercive-force (LCF) magnets have been already investigated extensively. Nevertheless, the possible irreversible demagnetization of high-coercive-force (HCF) magnets remains unexplored hitherto. In this paper, the demagnetization behaviour of HCF magnets in switched flux hybrid magnet memory machines (SF-HMMMs) accounting for the high-level current pulse is revealed and investigated. A simplified magnetic circuit model is built to illustrate when and how the DC current pulse poses the risk of irreversible demagnetization to the HCF magnets. Furthermore, the influences of temperature, DC current amplitude and HCF magnet thickness on the irreversible demagnetization effect of HCF magnets in the investigated SF-HMMM are analyzed based on finite-element (FE) analyses. The theoretical and FE results are experimentally verified by the tests on an SF-HMMM prototype.
An adiabatic connection for doubly-occupied configuration interaction wave functions
Authors: Vu Nam , Mitxelena Ion , DePrince A. Eugene
Published: December 2019

An adiabatic connection (AC) is developed as an electron correlation correction for doubly occupied configuration interaction (DOCI) wave functions. Following the work of Pernal [Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 013001 (2018)], the working equations of the approach, termed AC-DOCI, are rooted in the extended random phase approximation (ERPA) and require knowledge of only the ground-state two-electron reduced density matrix (2RDM) from the DOCI. As such, the AC is naturally suited to modeling electron correlation in variational 2RDM (v2RDM)-based approximations to the DOCI. The v2RDM-driven AC-DOCI is applied to the dissociation of molecular nitrogen and the double dissociation of water; the approach yields energies that are similar in quality to those from second-order multireference perturbation theory near equilibrium, but the quality of the AC-DOCI energy degrades at stretched geometries. The exact adiabatic connection path suggests the assumption that the one-electron reduced-density matrix is constant along the AC path is invalid at stretched geometries, but this deficiency alone cannot explain the observed behavior. Rather, it appears that the ERPA’s single-particle-transition ansatz cannot, in general, provide good approximations to the 2RDM along the AC path. The AC-DOCI is also applied to a set of 45 reaction energies; for these systems, the approach has an average accuracy that is comparable to that of single-reference second-order many-body perturbation theory.
Wigner numbers
Authors: Allen Wesley D.
Published: December 2019

All reduced Wigner rotation matrix elements dM′MJ(θ) can be evaluated very efficiently as a linear combination of either cos(Nθ) or sin(Nθ) terms as N runs in unit steps from either 0 or 12 to J. Exact, infinite-precision formulas are derived here for the Fourier coefficients in these dM′MJ(θ) expressions by finding remarkable analytic solutions for the normalized eigenvectors of arbitrarily large matrices that represent the ĴY angular momentum operator in the basis of ĴZ eigenstates. The solutions involve collections of numbers Wm,nJ for (m, n) = (J–M, J–N) ∈ [0, 2J] that satisfy the recursion relation (m+1)Wm+1,nJ−2(J−n)Wm,nJ+(2J−m+1)Wm−1,nJ=0. These quantities, designated here as Wigner numbers, are proved to be integers that exhibit myriad intriguing mathematical properties, including various closed combinatorial formulas, (M, N) sum rules, three separate M-, N-, and J-recursion relations, and a large-J limiting differential equation whose applicable solutions are products of a polynomial and a Gaussian function in the variable z = −21/2(J + 1)−1/2M. Accordingly, the Wigner numbers constitute a new thread of mathematics extending outside the context of their immediate discovery. In the midst of the Wm,nJ proofs, a class of previously unknown combinatorial summation identities is also found from Wigner number orthonormalization conditions.
Determining the nutritive value of some commercial pulse screenings using in sacco and in vitro methods
Authors: Mohammadi Ghodrat , Malecky Mostafa , Seifdavati Jamal
Published: December 2019

The present study aimed at determining in sacco and in vitro the nutritive value of lentil screenings (LS), common vetch screenings (CVS) and bitter vetch screenings (BVS). For this purpose, three experiments (Exp.) were conducted. Ruminal degradation characteristics of the screenings were determined in Exp. 1 by the nylon bag technique using three ruminally fistulated rams. Gas production kinetics, and ruminal degradability and fermentation indices of the screenings were determined using 144 and 24-h incubations, respectively in Exp. 2. In Exp. 3, a basal growing ration for lambs (control) was supplemented by 175 or 350 g/kg of either LS, CVS or BVS (LS175, LS350, CVS175, CVS350, BVS175 and BVS350 respectively), and ruminal degradability and fermentation of the rations were evaluated in vitro. Soluble and potentially degradable fractions of protein were 0.321 and 0.719, 0.362 and 0.688, and 0.333 and 0.707, for LS, BVS and CVS respectively. Metabolisable energy was 11.1, 11.6 and 12.1 MJ/kg DM for LS, BVS and CVS respectively. The screenings had comparable gas production profiles, ruminal digestibility and total volatile fatty acid concentration. However, CVS and BVS had a higher propionate and a lower acetate:propionate ratio than LS (P < 0.05). Including BVS and LS in the mixed ration increased total volatile fatty acid at both inclusion levels, but only BVS enhanced propionate proportion and lowered the acetate:propionate ratio (P < 0.05). These results revealed that these screenings have a good nutritional value and can be used in ruminant diets without adversely affecting the rumen fermentation.
Deregulated Notch and Wnt signaling activates early-stage myeloid regeneration pathways in leukemia
Authors: Kang Yoon-A , Pietras Eric M. , Passegué Emmanuelle
Published: December 2019

Targeting commonly altered mechanisms in leukemia can provide additional treatment options. Here, we show that an inducible pathway of myeloid regeneration involving the remodeling of the multipotent progenitor (MPP) compartment downstream of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is commonly hijacked in myeloid malignancies. We establish that differential regulation of Notch and Wnt signaling transiently triggers myeloid regeneration from HSCs in response to stress, and that constitutive low Notch and high Wnt activity in leukemic stem cells (LSCs) maintains this pathway activated in malignancies. We also identify compensatory crosstalk mechanisms between Notch and Wnt signaling that prevent damaging HSC function, MPP production, and blood output in conditions of high Notch and low Wnt activity. Finally, we demonstrate that restoring Notch and Wnt deregulated activity in LSCs attenuates disease progression. Our results uncover a mechanism that controls myeloid regeneration and early lineage decisions in HSCs and could be targeted in LSCs to normalize leukemic myeloid cell production.
Spectroscopic investigations of negatively charged tin-vacancy centres in diamond
Authors: Görlitz Johannes , Herrmann Dennis , Thiering Gergő , Fuchs Philipp , Gandil Morgane , Iwasaki Takayuki , Taniguchi Takashi , Kieschnick Michael , Meijer Jan , Hatano Mutsuko , Gali Adam , Becher Christoph
Published: December 2019

The recently discovered negatively charged tin-vacancy centre in diamond is a promising candidate for applications in quantum information processing (QIP). We here present a detailed spectroscopic study encompassing single photon emission and polarisation properties, the temperature dependence of emission spectra as well as a detailed analysis of the phonon sideband and Debye–Waller factor. Using photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy we probe an energetically higher lying excited state and prove fully lifetime limited linewidths of single emitters at cryogenic temperatures. For these emitters we also investigate the stability of the charge state under resonant excitation. These results provide a detailed insight into the spectroscopic properties of the SnV− centre and lay the foundation for further studies regarding its suitability in QIP.
Application of liquid organic fertilizer and N, P, K to the properties of soil chemicals and growth of rice plant
Authors: Solihin E , Yuniarti A , Damayani M , Rosniawaty dan S
Published: December 2019

Rice is a food source of carbohydrate which is a staple food in Indonesia. One way to increase production is to control soil productivity by using organic and inorganic fertilizers. This research was conducted to determine the effect of organic fertilizer combined with N, P, K inorganic fertilizers on the chemical properties and growth of rice plants. This research was conducted from June-September 2018. The experimental design was carried out using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of 10 treatments with three replications. The treatment combination consisted of liquid organic fertilizer dosages of 0 ml / L, 2.5 ml / L, 5 ml / L 7.5 ml / L and 10 ml / L and inorganic fertilizer N doses of 0 kg / ha, 50 kg / ha, 100 kg / ha, 150 kg / ha 200 kg / ha. inorganic P 0 kg / ha, 37.5 kg / ha, 75 kg / ha, 112.5 kg / ha, 150 kg / ha inorganic K 0 kg / ha, 12.5 kg / ha, 25 kg / ha, 37.5 kg / ha 50 kg / ha. The results showed that the combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers N, P, K did not influence the soil chemical properties and plant growth. The highest yields on plant height after 8 WAP were shown in treatment D (1 dose of LOF + 1 N, P, K) with 58.03 cm.
Evaluation and mapping of soil fertilizer status in the international geopark Ciletuh area, Sukabumi Regency
Authors: Damayani M , Herdiansyah G , Saribun D S , Hudaya R
Published: December 2019

The Ciletuh Geopark area is an international geopark area recognized by UNESCO. As the area is undergoing development, it certainly raises some land and environmental problems, especially in agriculture. This study is intended to determine soil characteristics and collect field data and other supporting data from soil and social, physical factors, so that these data can be useful in the development of the Ciletuh Geopark Area, especially the development of agricultural areas. The purposes of this study were 1) To obtain comprehensive field data so that the soil characteristics of the Ciletuh Geopark area can be known, 2) How to spread the soil fertility status in Geopark Ciletuh Area, Ciemas District, Sukabumi Regency. This research was expected to provide an overview of soil fertility based on chemical and physical properties of the soil and can provide detailed soil resource information for the development of science to support research activities, and it was expected to provide preliminary information or primary data on soil fertility as part of the development of Ciletuh Geopark. The location of the study was conducted in the Ciletuh Geopark Area, Ciemas District, Sukabumi Regency, West Java Province. The study was conducted with qualitative, descriptive, and comparative methods and survey methods. The sampling of land was carried out in each unit of land, which is determined by transect based on the results of environmental observations so that it is sufficiently representative to represent the land in the area. Analysis of physics properties, soil chemistry, was carried out in the Laboratory of Plant Chemistry and Nutrition, Universitas Padjadjaran. Mapping analysis was carried out at the Land Evaluation Laboratory of the Department of Soil Science, Universitas Padjadjaran. The results showed that soil fertility status at the study site was moderate to low criteria with limiting factors P (phosphorus) and carbon organic soil. Land management that needs to be done was by adding organic materials and phosphorus fertilization regularly so that soil fertility can be good maintained and can be sustainable.
ANALYSIS OF BIOACTIVE COMPONENTS AND PHYTOCHEMICAL OF POWDERS STEM AND LEAVES OF KECOMBRANG (Etlingera elatior)
Authors: Nisrina Effendi Khairunnisa , Fauziah Nurahmahdiani , Wicaksono Rumpoko , Erminawati  , Arsil Poppy , Naufalin Rifda
Published: December 2019

Kecombrang (Etlingera elatior) has bioactive compounds such as phenols and flavonoids as antioxidants. This study aims to determine the effect of temperature and time drying on total phenols, total flavonoids, and phytochemical compounds from stem and leaves kecombrang powder using the cabinet dryer method. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD). Factors tested in this study were kecombrang plant parts (stems and leaves) and drying temperature (50°C, 60°C, and 70°C). The variables observed in this study were total phenols, total flavonoids, water content and phytochemical compounds from stem and leaves kecombrang powder. Quantitative research results showed that kecombrang leaf powder with a drying temperature of 70°C had total phenols, total flavonoids and water content respectively of 35.89 mg TAE I g, 2.132 mg QE I g and 5.557%. Meanwhile, kecombrang stem powder with a drying temperature of 60°C has a total phenol, total flavonoid and water content respectively of 6.030 mg TAE I g, 0.160 mg QE I g and 7.873%. The results of phytochemical testing showed that the positive kecombrang leaf powder contained alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, steroid, tannin, phenol and negative compounds containing glycoside compounds while the positive kecombrang stem powder contained alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, triterpenoids and phenols and negatively contained glycoside compounds, while kecombrang stem powder positively contained alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, triterpenoids and phenols while negatively containing tannins, saponins and glycosides.
COLOR-BASED ANALYSIS FOR NON-DESTRUCTIVE QUALITY EVALUATION OF SIAMESE ORANGE (Citrus nobilis) DURING STORAGE IN ROOM AND COLD TEMPERATURE
Authors: Sulistyo Susanto B. , Margiwiyatno Agus , Wijaya Krissandi , Arsil Poppy , Furqon  , Sudarmaji Arief , Kuncoro Purwoko H.
Published: December 2019

This research aimed to develop image processing program to extract several features of Siamese orange images and to determine the appropriate key features of the orange images which were highly correlated with physical and chemical characteristics of Siamese orange. A sample size of 210 oranges was stored in a room temperature (25-27 °C) and cold temperature (8-10 °C) for 30 days. All oranges were captured their images using a webcam and were subsequently measured their physical and chemical characteristics, i.e. weight, hardness, and total soluble solids (TSS). The visual parameters of images measured were binary area in pixels, RGB color, HSV color, CIE-Lab color and gray value. The results showed that there was a high correlation between fruit weight and binary area in both room and cold temperature storage with r2= 0.8197 and r2= 0.8291, respectively. On the other hand, color values cannot be used to estimate fruit hardness since the correlation coefficient was too small. The highest correlation coefficient between them was r= 0.114 which was achieved from the correlation between fruit hardness and hue value. The r value of TSS and some color components was nevertheless relatively strong. Based on the experiments, hue value of HSV color model and a* component of CIE-Lab color model have fairly strong correlations with TSS of oranges stored in room temperature which were indicated from the lvalue of 0.7473 and 0.7029,respectively.
Uncovering Potential of Neem and Pyrethrum Extract as Biolarvacide of Aedes aegypti for Dengue Control
Authors: Yanuar Pradani Firda , Widawati Mutiara , Pramatama Mars Wijayanti Siwi
Published: December 2019

Currently, several problems raised from the frequent application of chemical insecticide for dengue control such as insecticide resistance and environmental health issues. This fact supporting the need for the alternative active ingredients which are natural and could not develop insecticide resistance. This study aims to find out the potential of Pyrethrum (Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium (Trevir.) Vi) and Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) as biolarvacide against Aedes aegypti. This study used a quasi-experimental study using several combinations of Pyrethrum and Neem extracts. The larvae test used 25 larvae for every combination. Three repetitions applied for each treatment. Larval deaths were observed every hour until 24 hours, and several dead larvae were calculated. Results of this study showed that almost all formulations caused death of larvae in the first hour except formulation 5 (2 ml Pyrethrum + 1 ml DMSO + 24 ml liquid paraffin + 24 ml chitin), formulation 8 (49 ml neem + 1 ml Tween 20) and formulation 11 (49 ml neem + 1 ml DMSO). These results emphasised the potential of a formulation containing Pyrethrum and neem as biolarvacide against Aedes aegypti…. (Introduction, methods, results, discussion, conclusion)
Inulinase Activity of Thermophilic Bacteria isolated from Hot Springs of Penen Village, North Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Fachrial Edy , Harmileni  , Anggraini Sari , Nugroho Titania T. , Saryono
Published: December 2019

Inulinase is an enzyme that catalyzes inulin to produce D-fructose as the end product which is considered as safe alternative sweetener to sucrose. This enzyme can be extracted from plants and vegetables but it is difficult to obtain it in high quantity and the production cost also high. The main problem in utilizing this enzyme in industrial is the instability against fluctuation of temperature that usually occurs in industrial process. Therefore thermophilic microbial inulinase has great potential for these industrial needs. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize the thermophilic bacteria that possess the inulinase activity from hot springs in Penen Village, North Sumatera. To screening the inulinase producing bacteria, the modified Czapex Dox agar supplemented with 1,5% inulin powder was used. The temperature used for incubation is 48 °C. The clear zone surrounds the bacteria after Lugol’s iodine treatment on medium indicated the nucleolytic activity. As 4 isolates of thermophilic bacteria namely UTMP 11, UTMP 14, UTMP 15 and UTMP 17 showed the inulolytic activity. The biochemical characterization of these isolates showed negative in catalase test, negative on citrate test, non-motil, negative Gram staining, and rod-shaped morphology. Molecularly, this bacteria identified as Bacillus subtilis strain JCM 1465 and Bacillus tequilensis strain 10b. From the result, these isolates have potential as source of thermophilic inulinase production in food industry for the production of fructose.
Novelties of laccase enzyme from bacteria of sago waste
Authors: Reksohadiwinoto BS.
Published: December 2019

Indonesia’s sago industry yielded around 400 thousand tons per year, which was the second largest producer in the world. The Weaknesses of Indonesiansago, in term of its quality, included a brownish color, unpleasant odor and soft texture. All of those characteristics can be corrected by addition of Laccase enzyme. Wet sago still contains natural microbes that can be used as a source of beneficial germplasm of bacteria and fungi. In this study, conventional method for isolating bacteria was performed. Conventional isolation technique obtained 26 isolates from sago. It, then, followed by biochemical analysis to obtain 5 isolates of putative bacteria candidate for bioleaching. The sequencing result indicated 3 potential bacteria, which generate laccase enzymes, namely Lactobacillus plantarum (2) and Lactobacillus brevis (1). Isolated bacteria, then, were fermented in the 500 mL flask and followed with laccase activity analysis with adding guaiacol as substrate and read using spectrophotometer, resulted in 64 U/L, 54 U/L, and 202 U/L, respectively. In conclusion, Laccase enzyme, produced from food grade endogenous sago species, might likely improve the quality of sago starch, which leads to increase the broader utilization of sago starch.
Transcriptomics illuminate the phylogenetic backbone of tiger beetles
Authors: Gough Harlan M , Allen Julie M , Toussaint Emmanuel F A , Storer Caroline G , Kawahara Akito Y
Published: December 2019

Phylogenomics is progressing rapidly, allowing large strides forward into our understanding of the tree of life. In this study, we generated transcriptomes from ethanol-preserved specimens of 13 tiger beetle species (Coleoptera: Cicindelinae) and one Scaritinae outgroup. From these 14 transcriptomes and seven publicly available transcriptomes, we recovered an average of 2538 loci for phylogenetic analysis. We constructed an evolutionary tree of tiger beetles to examine deep-level relationships and examined the extent to which the composition of the dataset, missing data, gene tree inconsistency and codon position saturation impacted phylogenetic accuracy. Ethanol-preserved specimens yielded similar numbers of loci to specimens originally preserved in costly reagents, showcasing more flexibility in transcriptomics than anticipated. The number of loci and gene tree inconsistency had less impact on downstream results than third codon position saturation and missing data. Our results recovered tiger beetles as sister to Carabidae with strong support, confirming their taxonomic status as an independent family within Adephaga. Within tiger beetles, phylogenetic relationships were robust across all nodes. This new phylogenomic backbone represents a useful framework for future endeavours in tiger beetle systematics and serves as a starting point for the development of less costly target capture toolkits to expand the taxonomic breadth of the future tiger beetle tree of life.
Cross-Cultural Social Work: A Critical Approach to Teaching and Learning to Work Effectively across Intersectional Identities
Authors: Azzopardi Corry
Published: December 2019

All relationships in social work education and practice constitute sites of cross-cultural exchanges. In keeping with the profession’s social justice mandate and anti-oppressive principles, it is fundamental for emerging social workers to begin the life-long learning process of developing a congruent composite of awareness, values, knowledge and skills essential for working effectively across diverse social locations and intersectional identities. Grounded in a social justice framework, this article engages critically with the concept of cultural competence in social work pedagogy, explores the significance of diversity and intersectionality in social work education and proposes a multidimensional model for teaching, learning and evaluating cross-cultural sensitivity and responsivity in the social work class-room.