bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive environmental evaluation of an urbanized territory (using the example of Zavodoukovsk city, Russia)
Authors: Podkovyrova Marina , Volobueva Olga , Gilyova Larisa
Published: August 2019

The article presents the technique and the result of a comprehensive evaluation of urban land use, ensuring the receipt of complete and reliable information about the urban development, socio-economic and environmental conditions of urban land resources that allows forming the maximum possible sustainable development of the city for the future.
The role of forensic examination in judicial practice
Authors: Kozlova Anastasiia , Golyakova Yulia
Published: August 2019

Forensic examination is one of the most reliable means of proof in civil, criminal, administrative and arbitration proceedings. There are many different examinations that can be divided into groups. One of such types is the forensic land expertise. Forensic land expertise is an analysis, a study conducted by specialists in the field of geodesy and cadastre of real estate objects (cadastral engineers), land management materials and title documents for a land plot with actual land use. The article considers an example from the real practice of conducting a forensic land expertise. For the expertise, the expert independently conducted a geodetic survey. The importance of land management expertise, as well as knowledge of an expert in the field of land and civil law, is noted. The problem of the lack of a developed methodology for conducting a land surveying is revealed. To solve this problem, stages of work were identified, and a version of methodological recommendations was proposed.
Town-planning value of territory as the basis of the evaluation of zoning when conducting cadastral valuation of real estate
Authors: Osennyaya Anna , Khakhuk Bella , Sokolova Yuliya , Husht Nafset
Published: August 2019

In modern Russian conditions, the correct determination of cadastral value is one of the most important tasks that stimulate the functioning, sustainable growth and development of the country’s economy. Science-based mechanism of cadastral valuation will contribute to the building of stable economic relations between the state and society. Unjustified changes in cadastral value may have a negative impact on the budget of the municipality and the interests of the owners. In this connection, the determination of cadastral value on the basis of science-based methods and approaches is a priority; allowing revealing the potential and reserves of settlements, to carry out urban policy aimed at increasing the urban value of the territories. The available methodological basis does not fully explain the essence of price zoning, a number of significant factors of urban value of the territory, such as infrastructure and existing buildings, and, as a consequence, their impact on the algorithm for determining the cadastral value are missed. The use of General scientific methods, theoretical, economic and statistical analysis and modeling allowed clarifying the methodology of cadastral evaluation, taking into account the impact of zoning and urban value of the territories on the result of cadastral evaluation. The proposed model for calculating the urban value of the territory is based on the computer program developed by the authors, the use of which allows scientifically correct cadastral value of the estimated real estate and will contribute to a socially fair and “transparent” mechanism of taxation of real estate.
The concept of the new information system of electronic services in the field of land and property relations
Authors: Zakharov Zakhar , Kryakhtunov Alexander
Published: August 2019

The article describes the concept of a new geographic information system for the provision of electronic state and municipal services. The problem of the lack of an open portal in the Internet for choosing unencumbered and suitable for use for the intended purpose land plots is considered. The importance of information systems in the development of the digital economy and information society in the Russian Federation is shown. The analysis of existing geographic information systems is given in a generalized and systematic way. As a result, it was found that the main drawback of the existing systems is the limitation of a certain territory and a set of services. It is concluded that it is necessary to display the free land. Automatic notifications should be sent to the competent authorities. The new information system should have direct and feedback links with all information and geographic information systems in operation and being developed in Russia. The results and conclusions are applicable to the creation of new geographic information systems.
Digitalization of energy facility management processes in the Voronezh region
Authors: Proskurin Dmitriy , Vorobeva Yuliya
Published: August 2019

The classification of regional electronic information resources is given. The main type of interaction between the subjects and objects of regional management is defined - interaction through electronic information resources. The main factors hindering the digital transformation of the Voronezh region are highlighted. The models of digital transition for different regions are given. Formed proposals for the digital transformation of the Voronezh region. The necessity of creating a single digital platform - an information-analytical model of the region, through which studies of the interdisciplinary nature of factors directly or indirectly affecting the socio-economic development of the territory can be carried out. A key mechanism in the work of the platform is proposed - a dynamic feedback loop applied at any level of regional management from an urban facility to a single community or individual consumer.
Innovation and certification as the basis for the development of energy-efficient construction
Authors: Trukhina Natalya , Barinov Valery , Andryunina Yana , Panenkov Andrey , Voytolovskiy Nikolay
Published: August 2019

Within the framework of the concept of sustainable development, issues of energy efficiency, environmental safety, minimization of anthropogenic impact on the environment are of particular relevance. In construction, these theses are projected onto the segment of energy-efficient, “green” construction. Nowadays, the development of energy-efficient construction in Russia is progressing at a slow pace, and this is primarily due to the lack of an integrated energy management system, environmental certification of construction products, and institutional features of the real estate market. The authors systematized the methods of improving energy efficiency and greening of construction regarding the types of real estate, analyzed the main global and Russian environmental certification systems in construction, identified the features, advantages and disadvantages of each system, substantiated the need to ensure the generally accepted Russian certification system. The problem of enhancing energy-efficient construction is also interconnected with the need to increase the level of innovation in construction, which is substantiated by the authors in the paper. The authors substantiated the need to change the criteria for monitoring investment projects, taking into account the optimization of energy efficiency and environmental performance of real estate.
The principles of justification of an object construction duration
Authors: Oleinik Pavel , Cherednichenko Nadezhda , Shvedov Stefan , Melnichuk Vitaliy
Published: August 2019

The duration of an object construction is considered as a parameter expressing the concentrated influence of all stages of its formation, including design, preconstruction, construction, etc. It is shown that the construction stage, as the final stage, is the most flexible and its components that include organization of construction, technology and mechanization of construction and installation works promptly implement solutions from all previous stages, consisting of a large number of various methods and ways of influencing the construction duration. These activities allow reducing energy costs and making production less energy intensive. The decisions on combining the work of the preconstruction and the main periods of construction are given as an example.
Examination of investment proposals for their inclusion in the infrastructure programs of the energy industry
Authors: Moiseenko Natalya , Gorelova Olga
Published: August 2019

The paper discusses the key issues that allow finding approaches to solving the problem of investment activity in the process of developing and implementing investment projects and construction programs in the real sector of the economy. The mechanism of formation of investment programs is considered. The process of examination of investment projects for their inclusion in the investment program has been determined. The algorithm for making investment decisions is proposed.
Modern structure of the higher architectural and construction education
Authors: Sotnikova Olga , Zolotukhina Iana , Prokshits Ekaterina
Published: August 2019

The analysis of the higher education in the sphere of sustainable development shows that there is a need to include the concept of sustainable and practical design thinking at all levels, starting from ideological level (stability as conceptual and ethical justification of architecture), methodological level (the principles and strategy for the solution of various subject matters), and finally, practical level, by introducing stability concerning programs for architectural education to impart abilities to critically analyze process and to creatively find sustainable solutions which can be developed for creation of the environment. The two-level programs implemented at the universities consisting of the system of architectural education and a subsystem of steady architectural design (consisting of the steady theoretical and design training/practical courses and cross-disciplinary courses connected with education in the field of sustainable development in the architectural training program) are presented in this article.
Strategic management of competitiveness of energy enterprises
Authors: Timofeeva Galina , Akmaeva Raisya , Aytpaeva Aygul
Published: August 2019

Nowadays, Russia is implementing its strategy of import substitution in main sectors of the national economy, including agriculture. Its goal in agriculture is to achieve certain indices of food self-sufficiency in basic types of food. An urgent question arises of how to achieve food security at federal and regional levels. The study methodology is based on achievements of classical and neoclassical economics in the field of competition analysis, theory of agricultural economy, strategic management school in the sphere of studying competitive advantages and assessment of competitiveness of different-level economic systems. Strategic management implies performing SWOT analysis, identifying the mission and goals of sustainable development of the regional agroindustrial complex, involving implementation of energy-efficiency policy, optimization of the crop areas structure and systemic development of fodder and livestock production.
Application of BIM technologies in construction in Russia
Authors: Kisel Tatiana
Published: August 2019

The objective of the research is to define the level of the use of BIM technologies (Building Information Modeling, or information modeling of buildings and structures) by the Russian companies. The identification of the reasons of BIM introduction or its refusal was also carried out. The advantages given by the use of BIM were revealed. It was proved that the BIM technologies promote the reduction of terms of the project implementation, the general upgrading of the project documentation and the construction-and-installation works performed on its basis, as well as the reduction of the project cost. The results of the research proved that 22% of the Russian enterprises of the investment-and-structural sphere use BIM during various stages of introduction. The application of BIM allows getting some advantages, including the improved understanding of the project by all the participants, high quality of the project, availability of information, fast data transmission and exchange of information, reduction of terms of design and/or construction. The results of the research can be useful for the numerous participants of the investment-and-structural sphere, who have individual, sometimes contradictory interests.
Innovative projects and programmes for the strategic development of the municipality
Authors: Semenova Galina
Published: August 2019

The relevance of the matter is caused by the fact that the essence of strategic planning consists in the definition of the priority sphere of social-and-economic development of the city district taking into account the external environment factors and available resources. It is necessary to prove the organization of the chosen project or programme, including sources and mechanisms of resources attraction, applied technologies, technical means, etc. within strategic management. The main document in the sphere of complex social-and-economic development of the municipal unit is the strategic plan that allows formulating the perspective purposes of the development, choosing alternative options of the municipality, thereby attracting investments into the projects and programmes. The subject of the research is the “City district Podolsk”. Some problems of strategic planning of investment projects and programmes, which are necessary for the improvement of activity of the “city district Podolsk”, are studied. The objective of the research is to develop recommendations on the strategic planning of activity of the “City district Podolsk”. Calculations for three investment programmes are made for the identification of the most successful direction of strategic development of the “City district Podolsk” by the means of formulas of the indicator of efficiency and coefficient of competitiveness. The achieved results can be used for creation of the Draft of the strategic development plan for the “City district Podolsk” till 2022.
Macroeconomic conditions for the growth of competitiveness of Russian companies
Authors: Sergeev Alexander , Akhmetshina Liliya , Grabovyy Kirill
Published: August 2019

Ensuring competitiveness of the Russian companies is the key element among the national priorities of the country. The objective of the research is the definition of macroeconomic conditions for the growth of competitiveness of Russian companies. The achievement of this goal provides the consideration of conditions for the growth of competitiveness of Russian companies at the macroeconomic level, which include the high import dependence, the decrease in the production efficiency and labour productivity, low investment attractiveness and innovative activity, as well as the determination of the priority of the increase in the level of competitiveness of Russian companies. The major circumstance is the transition to the innovative model of economic development, assuming the implementation of technologies on the basis of the advanced knowledge. The susceptibility of the companies to innovations is stimulated by the digital technologies that allow processing huge data arrays and excluding decision-making in the conditions of uncertainty or the lack of information. Company management technologies (such as PLM system, blockchain technologies, Internet of things) are created to improve the conditions of realization of the strategic capacity of the company. Thus, keeping the digital assets gives additional competitive benefits to the companies, and the level of competitiveness of the companies will be defined by the level of their digitalization.
Organizational and technological systems for renovation of production facilities
Authors: Topchiy Dmitriy
Published: August 2019

The article describes the stage of construction - one of the main compulsory periods of the life cycle in the formation of construction end-products. It is at this particular stage that actual reliability and safety indicators of capital construction projects (specified at the design stage) are formed determining the parameters of operational, functional and economic efficiency. The compulsory assessment of conformity of buildings and structures, as well as design (including survey), construction, installation, setting up, and recycling (demolition) processes associated with buildings and structures is conducted in different countries in the form of state construction supervision. An assessment results in a document certifying conformity of the actual indicators with the requirements of design, normative (industrial) and legislative documents. Conformity is assessed in accordance with procedural rules depending on the functional purpose of the capital construction project. There are two conformity assessment forms that appear to be similar (at first glance): “construction inspection” and “state construction supervision”. Similarity of these terms lies in the fact that they both characterize a resulted approach used to assess the conformity of activities of participants in the construction operations (customers, developers, contractors) on the formation of construction end-products — construction projects.
Outsourcing in the housing sector
Authors: Shchepkina Natalia , Kramchaninova Maiia , Meshkova Natalia
Published: August 2019

The purpose of the study is to justify the use of such a mechanism to improve the efficiency of enterprises as outsourcing, taking into account the specifics of the housing and communal services industry. The relevance is dictated by the fact that some activities are too burdensome and expensive for companies, so managers decide to use the services of contractors. Outsourcing has become an integral part of modern housing and communal services. The authors summarized the foreign experience of reforming housing and communal services and formed proposals for the implementation of outsourcing. Foreign experience of reforming of housing and communal services and the principles of management of housing stock of such countries as Germany, Poland, Great Britain, and France is analyzed. According to the carried-out analysis, some recommendations concerning the increase in the role of bodies of self-organization of the population in management of this sphere and ensuring improvement of quality of granting housing and communal services to the population are offered in the article. Advantages of the use of outsourcing in the activity of utility companies are revealed. The results of the study may be of interest to management companies in the field of housing and communal services.
Die geschichtliche Entwicklung der gastroenterologischen Endoskopie in Deutschland – Teil 1
Authors: Thümmler Katrin , Koch Sebastian
Published: August 2019

Dieser historische Abriss zeigt den langwierigen und umständlich historischen Prozess der Endoskopie. Die Bildübertragung durch die speziell gestaltete Optik und die Nutzung der elektrischen Energie gaben den Anstoß zu einer rasanten Entwicklung der gastroenterologischen Endoskopie 5.

Das Arbeitsfeld der flexiblen Endoskopie besteht heute aus der gastroenterologischen, urologischen und pulmologischen Endoskopie. In der ersten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts arbeiteten Ärzte vor allem an der Entwicklung von Urethroskopen und Zystoskopen. Der Ursprung der Endoskopie liegt demzufolge in der Urologie 4.

Im 21. Jahrhundert wird die Optik der Endoskope stets optimiert, die digitale Bildübertragung verbessert und mit anderen Schnittbildtechniken kombiniert 12. Dieser Fortschritt ist nur möglich, weil es Menschen gab, die voller Enthusiasmus unter schwierigen Bedingungen diesen Weg bereiteten. Diesen Menschen gelten unser Dank und Respekt. Wer die Vergangenheit kennt, hat auch eine Zukunft.

Die vorliegende Arbeit bildet die Basis für eine sich anschließende qualitative Studie. In dieser folgenden Studie werden leitfadengestützte explorative Experteninterviews geführt, um einen Vergleich zu ziehen zwischen den gastrointestinalen Endoskopien in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik in den 70er- und 80er-Jahren.
B-mode ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) of histological confirmed omental lesions: retrospective analysis of n = 44 patients
Authors: Trenker Corinna , Dietrich Christoph F. , Ziegler Elena , Neesse Albrecht , Görg Christian
Published: August 2019

Introduction Little is known about the imaging of omental pathologies. The aim of the current study was to determine the value of B-mode ultrasound (B-US), contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), and ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant omental pathologies.

Patients and methods A retrospective evaluation (2008–2017) was performed in 44 patients (median 65,5 years, mean 64 years [47–83], 27 male, 17 female) with histological (40/44 [91 %]) or cytological (4/44 [9 %]) proven omental lesions. Clinical signs and final diagnosis, size, B-US and CEUS findings, and complications were analyzed.

Results Omental thickening was in n = 36 (81.8 %) of the cases malignant (mOL) and in n = 8 (18.2 %) benign (bOL). Twenty-six (59.1 %) patients had ascites (n = 24 [66.7 %] mOL, n = 2 [25 %] bOL). The average tumor thickness was 23 mm (24 mm in mOL, 20 mm in bOL). Interventional complications were not observed.

Discussion The majority of omental lesions are malignant. The differentiation between a malignant or benign cause of thickening is not possible by any imaging method. CEUS is helpful to determine vital tissue before biopsy. Ultrasound-guided core-needle biopsy allows final diagnosis of omental thickening if > 10 mm and should be performed prior to the more invasive and complicative diagnostic laparoscopy.
Alles Laser oder was? – Moderne Endoskopie und Nachsorge in der Urologie
Authors: Heck Philip
Published: August 2019

Durch die neuartige Laserenukleation für Patienten ist eine deutliche Verbesserung der Versorgung vor allem bei großen Prostatadrüsen entstanden. Die transurethrale Laserenukleation ermöglicht die Desobstruktion großer Drüsen, welche noch vor einigen Jahren überwiegend mittels Bauchschnitt durchgeführt werden mussten. Die Patienten profitieren von den Vorteilen der minimalinvasiven Technik. Außerdem von einem verkürzten Aufenthalt im Krankenhaus aufgrund eines geringeren Blutverlustes im Vergleich zur offenen Adenomenukleation. Somit bietet der Laser eine fortschrittliche und zuverlässige Alternative zu der bisher durchgeführten Operationstechnik.

Die moderne Endoskopie befindet sich im ständigen Wandel. Nicht nur in der Gastroenterologie und Bronchoskopie werden immer neue Verfahren und Materialien verwendet. Auch die Urologie hat mit ihrem breiten Uro-Endoskopischen Portfolio einiges zu bieten.
Evozierte Potenziale
Authors: Buchner Helmut , Klinker Florian , Kunesch Erwin , Milnik Volker , Weise David
Published: August 2019

Evozierte Potenziale (EP; akustisch AEP, somatosensorisch SEP, visuell VEP) und die magnetisch evozierten motorischen Potenziale (MEP) liefern präzise Messungen der Leitungszeit in der stimulierten Leitungsbahn. Die Indikation zur Untersuchung der Funktionen zentraler Leitungsbahnen und peripherer Nerven ist der Nachweis oder Ausschluss einer verminderten Leitgeschwindigkeit. Der diagnostische Wert der EP liegt im Beleg für einen demyelinisierenden Typ einer Läsion bzw. Funktionsstörung. Die Indikationen für die Untersuchungen mit evozierten Potenzialen werden ohne Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit zusammengefasst. Die große Bedeutung der EP in der Diagnose und Prognose der Multiplen Sklerose wird begründet.
Activation of Quinolines by Cationic Chalcogen Bond Donors
Authors: Wonner P. , Steinke T. , Huber S. M.
Published: August 2019

The application of already established as well as novel selenium- and sulfur-based cationic chalcogen bond donors in the catalytic activation of quinoline derivatives is presented. In the presence of selected catalysts, rate accelerations of up to 2300 compared to virtually inactive reference compounds are observed. The catalyst loading can be reduced to 1 mol% while still achieving nearly full conversion for electron-poor and electron-rich quinolines. Contrary to expectations, preorganized catalysts were less active than the more flexible variants.
Hyper-G: An Artificial Intelligence Tool for Optimal Decision-Making and Management of Blood Glucose Levels in Surgery Patients
Authors: Nair Akira A. , Velagapudi Mihir , Behara Lakshmana , Venigandla Ravitheja , Fong Christine T. , Horibe Mayumi , Nair Bala G.
Published: August 2019

Background Hyperglycemia or high blood glucose during surgery is associated with poor postoperative outcome. Knowing in advance which patients may develop hyperglycemia allows optimal assignment of resources and earlier initiation of glucose management plan.

Objective To develop predictive models to estimate peak glucose levels in surgical patients and to implement the best performing model as a point-of-care clinical tool to assist the surgical team to optimally manage glucose levels.

Methods Using a large perioperative dataset (6,579 patients) of patient- and surgery-specific parameters, we developed and validated linear regression and machine learning models (random forest, extreme gradient boosting [Xg Boost], classification and regression trees [CART], and neural network) to predict the peak glucose levels during surgery. The model performances were compared in terms of mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), logarithm of the ratio of the predicted to actual value (log ratio), median prediction error, and interquartile error range. The best performing model was implemented as part of a web-based application for optimal decision-making toward glucose management during surgery.

Results Accuracy of the machine learning models were higher (MAPE = 17%, log ratio = 0.029 for Xg Boost) when compared with that of the linear regression model (MAPE = 22%, log ratio = 0.041). The Xg Boost model had the smallest median prediction error (5.4 mg/dL) and the narrowest interquartile error range (−17 to 24 mg/dL) as compared with the other models. The best performing model, Xg Boost, was implemented as a web application, Hyper-G, which the perioperative providers can use at the point of care to estimate peak glucose levels during surgery.

Conclusions Machine learning models are able to accurately predict peak glucose levels during surgery. Implementation of such a model as a web-based application can facilitate optimal decision-making and advance planning of glucose management strategies.
Identification of Copy Number Variation by Array-CGH in Portuguese Children and Adolescents Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Monteiro S. , Pinto J. , Mira Coelho A. , Leão M. , Dória S.
Published: August 2019

Background Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) affect many children with an estimated prevalence of 1%. Array-comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) offers significant sensitivity for the identification of submicroscopic chromosomal abnormalities and it is one of the most used techniques in daily practice. The main objective of this study was to describe the usefulness of array-CGH in the etiologic diagnosis of ASD.

Methods Two-hundred fifty-three patients admitted to a neurogenetic outpatient clinic and diagnosed with ASD were selected for array-CGH (4 × 180K microarrays). Public databases were used for classification in accordance with the American College of Medical Genetics Standards and Guidelines.

Results About 3.56% (9/253) of copy number variations (CNVs) were classified as pathogenic. When likely pathogenic CNVs were considered, the rate increased to 11.46% (29/253). Some CNVs apparently not correlated to the ASD were also found. Considering a phenotype–genotype correlation, the patients were divided in two groups. One group according to previous literature includes all the CNVs related to ASDs (23 CNVs present in 22 children) and another with those apparently not related to ASD (10 CNVs present in 7 children). In 18 patients, a next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel were performed. From these, one pathogenic and 16 uncertain significance variants were identified.

Conclusion The results of our study are in accordance with the literature, highlighting the relevance of array-CGH in the genetic of diagnosis of ASD population, namely when associated with other features. Our study also reinforces the need for complementarity between array-CGH and NGS panels or whole exome sequencing in the etiological diagnosis of ASD.
Novel Variations in β-Myosin Heavy-Chain Gene (β-MYH7) and Its Association in South Indian Women with Cardiomyopathies
Authors: Rani Deepa Selvi , Nallari Pratibha , Narasimhan Calambur , Thangaraj Kumarasamy
Published: August 2019

Background Mutations in β-MYH7 gene is a main genetic cause of cardiomyopathy and sudden cardiac arrest, yet the molecular mechanisms have not been fully understood.

Objectives To identify variations in β-MYH7 gene and their possible mechanistic role in cardiomyopathies among Indian women.

Methods We sequenced all exons and their flanking regions of the β-MYH7 gene in 188 Indian women consisting of 33 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), 48 dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), and 107 healthy controls.

Results Our study showed 21 variations in β-MYH7 gene, including 7 novel mutations. In addition, we compared this dataset with our previously studied datasets of seven other sarcomere genes (ACTC, TNNT2, MYL2, MYBPC3, TPM1, TNNI3, and MYL3) and found no causative mutation, confirming the nonexistence of compound heterozygosity. Interestingly, we detected a Val431Met mutation exclusively in patients, and its pathogenicity has been predicted using the protein homology model. In native, Val431 is evolutionarily conserved across many species. In the homology model, mutant Met431 gets further buried in the hydrophobic core by creating an aberrant hydrophobic interaction with Leu352. As a result, it probably reduces the spatial distances between other hydrophobic interactions in the hydrophobic core that may produce steric hindrance and strain. It may lead to deviation in the structure (root means square deviation [RMSD] of ~3.9), and might possibly causing the cardiac remodeling and cardiomyopathy.

Conclusion We identified a novel Val431Met mutation, exclusively in patients, and its homology model p.Met431 has profoundly increased the mechanistic understanding of disease specifically in personalized medicine, to block/inverse/diminish the disease phenotype.
Elevated Lactate Levels as a Predictor of Early Mortality in Patients with Severe LV Dysfunction without Shock or Hypoxemia
Authors: Chetti Shravan Kumar , Moode Sandeep , Garre Indrani , Nemani Lalita
Published: August 2019

Background Hyperlactatemia in intensive coronary care unit (ICCU) admitted patients who are critically ill must be considered to be related to tissue hypoxia/hypoperfusion. The routine measurement of lactate levels and its significance is still unclear in ICCU patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 35% without hypotension and/or hypoxia.

Methods and Materials A prospective study was conducted for six months between January 2018 and June 2018 in our institute. Age ≥18 years who admitted to the ICCU with LVEF less than 35% were included.

Results Total of 104 patients were included after met inclusion and exclusion criteria and consented to enrolment in the study. The most common age group involved was between 50 and 70 years (46.2% of the patients) with a mean age of 52.5 ± 16.3 years. Mean lactate levels in the study population were 1.9 mmol/L. Mortality was noted in five patients (4%) in whom there were mean lactate levels of 2.58 ± 0.37 mmol/L. In the present study population, the patients with elevated lactate levels had early mortality with a p-value of 0.005 (95% CI for difference = 0.604–1.596). The average duration of stay in ICCU in the study population was 3.3 ± 1.2 days, which was in correlation with elevated serum lactate levels. The mean pH of the study population was 7.2 ± 0.19, and mean pH in the mortality group was 7.06 ± 0.21, which was not statistically significant with those of the study population.

Conclusions From our study, patients without signs of heart failure and cardiogenic shock had increased mortality when blood lactate level was over or equal to 2.5 mmol/L. So it may be used as an adjunct in identifying patients with a higher risk of mortality even without signs of heart failure, cardiogenic shock. In conclusion, according to our data, ICCU admitted patients with LVEF < 35%, blood lactate is a prognostic marker for early mortality.
Studie zu Patientenbriefen: Von Medizinerlatein in Patientensprache
Authors: Heeser Alexandra
Published: August 2019

Der Arztbrief ist oft der einzige Kontakt zwischen Krankenhaus und Hausarzt. Der Patient bekommt ihn bei der Entlassung mit. Er ist meist in Fachchinesisch verfasst, gespickt mit medizinischen Floskeln und aberwitzigen Abkürzungen. Für „Insider“ mag dieser Fachjargon vielleicht noch verständlich sein, der Patient versteht oft nur Bahnhof. Der Patientenbrief soll Abhilfe schaffen.
Europäischer Gesundheitskongress München 2019: Faszination Gesundheitswesen
Authors: Hillebrand Ralf-Thomas
Published: August 2019

Der Europäische Gesundheitskongress München erwartet im September wieder über 1 000 Teilnehmer in der bayerischen Landeshauptstadt. Zeitgleich mit dem Oktoberfest geht es um Visionäres, um Gesundheitsberufe und um Gesundheitspolitik – oft mit dem Fokus auf Krankenhäuser.
Change Management: Widerstand ... nicht vor(her)gesehen!?
Authors: Jendretzki Laura , Nolte Felix , Oldhafer Martina
Published: August 2019

Es klingt eigentlich banal: Wer Veränderungen plant, muss die Mitarbeiter einbinden. Denn wer sich ausgegrenzt und übergangen fühlt, reagiert häufig mit Gegenwehr. Unsere Autoren raten deshalb, Widerstände „vorherzusehen“ und den konstruktiven Umgang damit zu planen – und sie erklären auch, wie das geht.
Professioneller Umgang mit Fehlern: Wunsch und Wirklichkeit im Klinikalltag
Authors: Luber Edgar
Published: August 2019

Im Gegensatz zu anderen Hochsicherheits- und Hochrisikoindustrien ist der Umgang mit Fehlern in Kliniken, Arztpraxen und im Gesundheitswesen immer noch häufig von der Suche nach Schuldigen geprägt und endet meist auch dort.
Junge IT-Fachkräfte: Begehrte Profis
Authors: Kucera Martin
Published: August 2019

In Zeiten des Fachkräftemangels gilt es, sich um den Nachwuchs zu kümmern – das betrifft auch die Gesundheits-IT. Professor Bernhard Breil lehrt Gesundheitsinformatik an der Hochschule Niederrhein und sitzt damit sozusagen an der Quelle. Im Gespräch mit kma erläutert er, wie man angehende IT-Fachkräfte für die Arbeit im Krankenhaus begeistern kann.
Krankenhausgastronomie: Von der Qualität zur Wirtschaftlichkeit
Authors: Jörg Wagner
Published: August 2019

Verkochte Nudeln, weiches Gemüse, trockenes Brot – das Essen in deutschen Krankenhäusern hat oft keinen guten Ruf. Dabei trägt schmackhaftes und hochwertiges Essen zur Genesung bei und ist gleichzeitig ein nicht zu unterschätzender Marketingfaktor. Es lohnt sich also, hier zu investieren, zumal – gewusst wie – die Wirtschaftlichkeit nicht darunter leidet.
Speisenversorgung 2.0: Damit Sie auch morgen noch lustvoll zubeißen wollen!
Authors: Heeser Alexandra
Published: August 2019

Neben der medizinischen Betreuung ist im heutigen Krankenhaus­betrieb eine qualitativ hochwertige, aber auch wirtschaftliche Speisen­versorgung wichtig. In einem Projekt mit den Sana Kliniken bietet Apleona Ahr an einigen ausgewählten Häusern sein neues Speisenversorgungskonzept ohne vorherige Menüabfrage an.
Klinik-Logistik: Zentrales Transportsystem für die Material- und Speisenversorgung
Authors: Müller Nadja
Published: August 2019

Die Universitätsklinik Tübingen hat ihre automatische Warentransportanlage mit den manuellen Transporten zu einem ganzheitlichen Prozess verknüpft. Jetzt liefert ein Trackingsystem wertvolle Informationen und verhindert Container-Staus. Das verbessert nicht nur Arbeitsbedingungen und Qualität, sondern auch die Wirtschaftlichkeit der Einrichtung.
ÖVKT-Tagung in Pörtschach vom 24. bis 27. september: Was kommt nach der künstlichen Intelligenz?
Authors: Thalmayr Maria
Published: August 2019

Robotik, BIM, 3-D-Druck, Drohnen, Künstliche Intelligenz, … innovative Technologien stehen in den Startlöchern, die Arbeitswelt, wie wir sie heute kennen, grundlegend zu verändern. Braucht das Gesundheitswesen dazu neue Strukturen, Ausbildungen und Berufsbilder und wie können wir neue Technologien schneller, aber dennoch sicher einsetzen?
Toroidal effect on runaway vortex and avalanche growth rate
Authors: Guo Zehua , Mcdevitt Chris , Tang Xianzhu
Published: August 2019

The momentum-space dynamics of runaway electrons in a slab geometry, in terms of both the geometry and topological transition of the runaway vortex when synchrotron radiative damping is taken into account, has recently been shown to play a crucial role in runaway mitigation and avoidance. In a tokamak geometry, magnetic trapping arises from parallel motion along the magnetic field that scales as 1/R in strength with R the major radius. Since the transit time for a runaway electron moving along the field is of order 10−8 s while the collisional time is of ∼0.01 s in ITER-like plasmas, a bounce-averaged formulation can drastically reduce computational cost. Here, the Los Alamos Plasma Simulation – Relativistic Fokker-Planck Solver code's implementation of a bounce-averaged relativistic Fokker-Planck model, along with the essential physics of synchrotron radiation damping and knock-on collisions, is described. It is found that the magnetic trapping can reduce the volume of the runaway vortex as the momentum-space fluxes are strongly modified inside the trapped-region. As a result, the avalanche growth rate is reduced at off-axis locations. In addition to benchmarking with previous calculations that did not take into account radiation damping, we also clarify how synchrotron radiation damping modifies the avalanche growth rate in a tokamak.
Electron temperature and electron number density measurements in laser ablation Z-pinch experiments of Al2O3
Authors: Dutra E. C. , Koch J. A. , Presura R. , Wiewior P. , Covington A. M.
Published: August 2019

Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) plasma was generated using the Ti:Sapphire/Nd:glass laser and Z-pinch pulse-power generator at the University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada Terawatt Facility. To determine the electron temperature, we use the Boltzmann plot method for the transitions (Al III 4d 2D3/2 → 4p 2P1/2) at 451.2564 nm, (Al III 4d 2D5/2 → 4p 2P3/2) at 452.9194 nm, (Al III 4p 2P3/2 → 4s 2S1/2) at 569.6603, and (Al III 4p 2P1/2 → 4s 2S1/2) at 572.2728 nm. Simultaneously, Mach–Zehnder laser interferometry was used to measure the electron number density. We compared simulated spectra obtained from PrismSPECT with electron number density and temperature measurements, and the electron temperature was found to range from 1.8 to 2.8 eV, while the electron number density was found to range from 2.3 × 1017 to 6.9 × 1017 cm−3 early in the pinched plasma formation.
Stability of semitrivial periodic waves of a Schrödinger system
Authors: Hakkaev Sevdzhan
Published: August 2019

Periodic standing waves are considered for a Schrödinger system. The existence of periodic waves of dnoidal-type as well as the stability of such solutions is studied. Two kinds of the stability are considered, namely, the nonlinear and spectral stabilities.
Experimental investigations of the effect of the neutral gas pressure on the separate control of ion energy and flux in dual frequency capacitively coupled plasmas
Authors: Saikia Partha , Bhuyan Heman , Yap Seong Ling , Escalona Miguel , Favre Mario , Wyndham Edmund , Schulze Julian
Published: August 2019

Classical dual-frequency capacitively coupled plasmas (2f CCPs) operating at low pressures and significantly different frequencies are often used for a variety of applications in semiconductor manufacturing in order to control the mean ion energy at the electrodes separately from the ion flux. However, recent computational studies have indicated that this separate control is limited by the frequency coupling effects and by the contribution of secondary electrons to the ionization dynamics [Donkó et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 081501 (2010); Schulze et al., Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 20, 045007 (2011)]. Here, we verify these simulation results experimentally by measuring the ion flux to an electrode as a function of the low frequency (LF) and high frequency power at different neutral gas pressures in a 2f CCP operated at 2.26 MHz and 13.56 MHz in argon. In agreement with previous computational predictions, we find the ion flux to decrease as a function of the LF power at a low pressure of 1 mTorr due to the frequency coupling and to increase as a function of the LF power at a higher pressure of 60 mTorr due to the presence of secondary electrons. These experimental findings show that separate control of ion properties in classical 2f CCPs is generally not possible, but potentially limited to specific discharge conditions.
Observation of multi-mode ion waves in electron cyclotron resonance plasma
Authors: Zhu Bo-long , Yi Kai-yang , Yang K. , Ke W. , Ma J. X. , Zhu X. D.
Published: August 2019

In this paper, ion waves were experimentally investigated in a microwave electron cyclotron resonance plasma. By applying a ramp voltage to a negatively biased excitation grid, multimode ion waves were excited. It was found through the time-of-flight method that the velocities of the excited ion waves are independent of the excitation signals, suggesting that the waves are eigenmodes of the plasma. Plasma potential, electron temperature, and electron density decrease from the source chamber to the target chamber, which establishes a spatial electrostatic field for ion acceleration. There exists a broad and multimodal ion distribution function along the magnetic field axis, which was observed using a retarding-field-energy-analyzer. Applying the model of an ion-beam-background-plasma system, three kinds of ion waves were identified as fast and slow ion-beam modes and an ion acoustic mode. In addition, the dependence of the amplitudes of the excited ion waves on the rise time of the ramp signal was presented, which is correlated with the difference in the times that the beam ions and background ions take to pass through the plasma sheath.
Phase estimation using homodyne detection for continuous variable quantum key distribution
Authors: Zou Mi , Mao Yingqiu , Chen Teng-Yun
Published: August 2019

In order to ensure the security of the local oscillator (LO) in continuous variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD), the LO in CV-QKD based on the local LO (LLO) scheme no longer passes through the quantum channel. For the LLO scheme using homodyne detection, two orthogonal quadratures of reference pulse can only be measured sequentially, which, as a result, each signal pulse should be accompanied by a pair of identical reference pulses. However, due to the phase shift between two adjacent pulses, it is difficult to prepare dual reference pulses with the same phase relative to the LO. In this paper, we propose an improved method to get around this difficulty, which is demonstrated experimentally for a transmitter and a receiver connected by a 50 km single mode fiber. The phase noise measured in the experiment is 2.0×10−3rad2, which is comparable to the recent experimental results using heterodyne detection. This method simplifies the preparation of phase reference pulses and removes the obstacles for the application of homodyne detection in the LLO scheme. In addition, this method can also be used for the compensation of quadrature imbalance in heterodyne detection, then the performance of heterodyne detection can be improved.
Multi-species dynamical density functional theory for microswimmers: Derivation, orientational ordering, trapping potentials, and shear cells
Authors: Hoell Christian , Löwen Hartmut , Menzel Andreas M.
Published: August 2019

Microswimmers typically operate in complex environments. In biological systems, often diverse species are simultaneously present and interact with each other. Here, we derive a (time-dependent) particle-scale statistical description, namely, a dynamical density functional theory, for such multispecies systems, extending existing works on one-component microswimmer suspensions. In particular, our theory incorporates not only the effect of external potentials but also steric and hydrodynamic interactions between swimmers. For the latter, a previously introduced force-dipole-based minimal (pusher or puller) microswimmer model is used. As a limiting case of our theory, mixtures of hydrodynamically interacting active and passive particles are captured as well. After deriving the theory, we apply it to different planar swimmer configurations. First, these are binary pusher–puller mixtures in external traps. In the considered situations, we find that the majority species imposes its behavior on the minority species. Second, for unconfined binary pusher–puller mixtures, the linear stability of an orientationally disordered state against the emergence of global polar orientational order (and thus emergent collective motion) is tested analytically. Our statistical approach predicts, qualitatively in line with previous particle-based computer simulations, a threshold for the fraction of pullers and for their propulsion strength that lets overall collective motion arise. Third, we let driven passive colloidal particles form the boundaries of a shear cell, with confined active microswimmers on their inside. Driving the passive particles then effectively imposes shear flows, which persistently acts on the inside microswimmers. Their resulting behavior reminds of the one of circle swimmers although with varying swimming radii.
The air-water interface stabilizes α-helical conformations of the insulin B-chain
Authors: Cheung David L.
Published: August 2019

Adsorption of proteins onto liquid interfaces, such as the air-water interface, often leads to changes in the protein conformation. This can lead to changes in protein assembly behavior, with aggregation and fibrillation often enhanced. To understand the relationship between protein conformation and aggregation, knowledge of protein structure at interfaces, on the single molecular level, is necessary. Using molecular dynamics simulations, the effect of the air-water interface on conformation of the insulin B-chain is investigated. At the air-water interface, the protein adopts an α-helical conformation, whereas in bulk solution, it adopts disordered structures. The α-helical conformation is templated by the partitioning of hydrophobic side chains into the air, leading to the formation of an amphipathic helix. This structure presents a hydrophobic face which may lead to further aggregation, which helps explain the enhancement of insulin fibrillation at interfaces. This knowledge of the molecular conformation gives new insight into the contribution of protein structural change on the interfacial aggregation of proteins.
Design of far-field thermal rectifiers using gold–vanadium dioxide micro-gratings
Authors: Audhkhasi Romil , Povinelli Michelle L.
Published: August 2019

We design thermal emitters based on gold micrograting structures with VO2-filled slots for enhanced far-field thermal rectification. We numerically calculate the thermal rectification ratio for two different approaches, peak extinction and peak shift. In peak extinction, the VO2 phase transition switches the radiative coupling of the surface plasmon on and off. In peak shift, the phase transition shifts the wavelength of the radiatively-coupled surface plasmon. We vary the extinction coefficient of VO2 to determine the effect on rectification for each approach. In both cases, the rectification ratio can be increased by increasing the VO2 loss in the metallic state. This suggests that highly efficient, microstructured thermal rectifiers can be achieved via suitable manipulation of the optical properties of VO2.