bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mathematical design theory of screw extruder used for additive manufacturing
Authors: Miloš Matúš  , Juraj Beniak  , Peter Križan  , Ľubomír Šooš
Published: December 2020

Additive manufacturing as the technology of the future brings new challenges. One of them is the economic efficiency of production. This paper focuses on the mathematical analysis and structural design of extrusion screw used for additive manufacturing. The primary objective is to analyze the screw tool geometry and determine a procedure for its design, specifically the theory involved with the pressing tool and force relations which are necessary for the verification of the proposed tool geometry and its strength analysis. Procedures for determining frictional performance of the screw press are used in designing the drive of the screw extruder of 3D printer. Familiarity with the above mentioned procedures forms the basis for research into new tool - screw that will improve the service life and competitiveness of the technology.
On a curve and a system
Authors: Tuba Ağırman Aydın  , Seda Çayan  , Mehmet Sezer  , Abdullah Mağden
Published: December 2020

Curves of constant width, which have a very special place in many fields such as kinematics, engineering, art, cam design and geometry, are specially discussed under this title. In this study, a system of differential equations characterizing the curves of constant width is examined. This is the system of the first order homogenous differential equations with variable coefficients in the normal form. Approximate solutions of the system, by means of two different polynomial approaches, are calculated and error analysis is made. The obtained results are analyzed on a numerical sample and the best method of approach is determined. This system can also constitute a characterization for different types of curves according to different frames in different spaces. Therefore, this study is important not only for this curve type but also for the geometry of all curves that can be expressed in a similar system.
Bone mineral density and nourishment
Authors: Ćatović Amra  , Bajgorić Ersan  , Agić Almedin
Published: December 2020

Some diet pattern is connected with higher risk of obesity and deficit of different nutrients. Both can contribute to complications of chronic disease like osteoporosis. The primary objective of this study was to analyze the correlation between bone mineral density and body mass, i.e. nutrients intake. The cross-sectional study included 25 patients who had regular osteodensitometrycal checkup. Patients anthropometrics' characteristics were collected by interview. Dietary pattern was estimated through food-frequency questionnaire and average meal was made. Nutritional analysis computer program (Nutrics Professional Nutrition Analysis Software) was used to analyze the average intake of nutrients from the food intake data. The average T score of hip was at level of osteopenia (-1.7), and BMI was 25.80 kg/m2. By comparing the results using Pearson coefficient, we found positive linear trend and statistical significance at p <0.05. The average T score of lumbar spine was at level of osteoporosis (-2,19), and average intake of calcium was 1519 mg. By comparing the results using Pearson coefficient, we found negative linear trend and statistical significance at p <0.05. These data indicate that BMI and nutrients intake are connected with the risk for osteoporosis. There is the need for osteoporosis prevention strategies based on nutrition recommendations.
Lung metastasis of basal cell carcinoma on anterior chest wall: A rare case report
Authors: Widiastuti Soewondo  , Viska W. Arianti  , Yusuf S. Nawawi  , Muchtar Hanafi  , Rita Budianti  , Brian Wasita
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Metastasis of primary basal cell carcinoma (BCC) on thoracic wall is rarely reported in literatures. Metastasis of cancer to the lung is suggested of hematogenous spread to the lung. We reported the only case of metastatic BCC encountered in Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta. Case: A 62-year-old female patient was referred to our hospital with a recurrent lump on the anterior part of her chest accompanied by radiating pain to the back lasting for about a year. Previously she had undergone surgery, but the lump regrew on the similar location. Histopathology finding revealed infiltrating BCC. Chest radiograph showed miliary type pulmonal metastasis. Contrast CT-Scan imaging revealed a malignant solid mass on the anterior thoracic wall with lung metastasis, manifesting as pneumonia and left pleural effusion, in accordance to pneumonic and subpleural type pulmonal metastasis. Subsequently, patient underwent chemoradiotherapy, resulting in positive response of tumor regression. Conclusion: Clinicians need to exercise a high index of suspicion of metastasis for the management of patient with BCC on rare sites such as anterior chest.
The role of multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in early prediction of malignant transformation of low-grade Gliomas (A Systematic review)
Authors: Mohammed Danfulani  , Shamsuddeen Ahmad Aliyu
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Low-grade gliomas is the most common primary brain tumour, although the presentation may take up to two decades, there is high tendency of early malignant transformation which raise a growing concern. Multi-parametric MRI studies have the potential for predicting the early malignant transformation. Methods: A comprehensive electronic search of various databases was conducted together with forward tracking of the reference list to retrieve relevant qualitative primary studies. Moreover, hand search for journal that was not available electronically was also conducted. Through assessment of the relevant studies was ensured and the included studies were carefully selected. The relevant data was extracted by data extraction form recommended by Cochrane collaborations. Results: The search yielded 1158 which was narrowed down to eight (8) studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria. These studies are assessing the role of different MRI parameters in predicting the early malignant transformation of Low-grade gliomas. The risk of bias and the applicability concern of the included studies are low. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this review; Multi-parametric MRI studies have the potential of predicting the early malignant transformation of low-grade gliomas. There is need for high quality large scale, prospective studies on the role of multi-parametric MRI studies in early prediction of malignant transformation of LGGs and meta-analysis of these studies is highly recommended.
Posture modification through Sunjeevan Yoga
Authors: Anuradha Pandit
Published: December 2020

In this twentieth century with dynamic changing lifestyle, more towards sedentary, growing technologies, crazy working hours, pressures, deadline, competition, responsibilities and eventually growing stress is reason for growing physical and pathological disorders. This is also the cause of early pathological disorders. One becomes victim of wrong posture due to monotonous routine, improper work environment and lack of exercises. We are conscious about our health and follow specific fitness regime and diet, but awareness of body and its structure is also equally important. We are conscious about our external look, but we ignore internal beauty of our body. Maintaining balance of well-arranged body created by the environment and our energy should be well preserved. Yoga plays an important role in creating this awareness, posture practice to keep us physically healthy, meditation to keep our mind healthy and raj yoga teaches us to have insight to know the goal of our soul which is ‘peace’. This article emphasis on posture awareness through posture modification. It emphasis on what is posture modification and how it can be achieved through posture correction. It explains the importance of posture correction and how important is body awareness with reference to effect of gravitation force on our body, to bring change in our body to maintain symmetry/ balance and preserve it. It also covers Ashtanga yoga, 8 limbs of yoga which is the best guide to teach us how to live our life, with systematic progression in setting up our goals towards the purpose of our life. When I say understanding of the body that also includes understanding of our daily routine and the flow of posture correction from foot to toe and flow of the yoga therapy which goes after identification of the problem. The article also mentions few important facts in this article, Kids learn through imitating our behavior physically and socially. Gaining knowledge and wisdom is fate, passing this knowledge to next generation is our responsibility. As the topic says, principles of Sunjeevan Yoga are explained throughout the article. Just like various schools of Yoga, Sunjeevan Yoga is also a school of Yoga which has main aspect as Yoga Therapy using different Hatta yoga asnaas and props to treat patient with various physical deformity and supportive therapy to pathological disorders. Keeping the base of Patanjali yoga sutra as philosophy behind Sunjeevan Yoga therapy, it works more on body and mind awareness. To summarize, Lifestyle Management is crucial and is need of an hour. This can be achieved through Yoga, that is awareness of body and mind. Lifestyle management is spending quality time at work, family, friends, and oneself. How well we manage our body and mind that is physical and virtual health and how we primacies our priorities. Yoga is just not just stretching and postures, but yoga is posture recognition and modification, stretching with awareness.
Phenotypic detection of Carbapenamase among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from clinical samples using modified Hodged test
Authors: HauwaYakubu  , Mahmud Yerima Iliyasu  , Asma’u Salisu  , Abdulmumin Ibrahim Sulaiman  , Fatima Tahir  , Auwalu Uba
Published: December 2020

Carbapenemases are microbial enzymes that confer resistance to virtually all available beta-lactam antibiotics and the most frequent carbapenemases are the Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenamase (KPC). Detection of carbapenemases is a significant infection control strategy as the enzymes are often associated with extensive antimicrobial resistance, therapeutic failures and mortality associated with infectious diseases. A total of 400 clinical samples were collected from different groups of patients in Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi, Nigeria and 118 K. pneumoniae were isolated using standard microbiological techniques. The isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, then screened for Carbapenamase production using modified Hodge test. The results indicated that the isolates were resistant to Ampicillin (61.9%), Ceftriaxone (50.8%) and Ceftazidime (50.8%), then Ciprofloxacin (54.2%), but predominantly sensitive to Imipenem (66.9%), Eterpenem (60.2%) and Meropenem (65.3%). It was found that 38 (32.2%) of the isolates phenotypically shows the presence of Carbapenamase, with highest frequency of (40.7%) among patients, mainly adult females with cases of Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) and the least from wound (11.8%).This study revealed that the isolates produced other beta-lactamases than KPC or variants of Carbapenamase that cannot be detected by modified Hodge test, thus shows low resistance to carbapenems. Therefore further studies is needed to genotypically confirm the presence of KPC in these isolates.
Chromosomal aberrations induced by cassava industrial effluent using Allium Cepa assay
Authors: Gbenga Olorunshola Alege  , Chinenye Sylvia Anyoku  , Comfort Kehinde Olubiyo  , Gloria Taiye Olubiyo  , Blessing Adejoh  , Daniel Yomi Onemayin
Published: December 2020

This study assessed the heavy metal compositions and chromosome aberrations induced by cassava industrial effluent using Allium cepa meristem assay. Effluent collected at the point of discharge from the cassava processing factory located at Lokoja, Kogi State Nigeria was analyzed for quantity of Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Nickel Ni, Cobalt (Co) and Lead (Pb) using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer method. Onion (Allium cepa) roots were allowed to grow in beakers containing different concentrations of cassava industrial effluent (i.e. 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) and the control for 24 hours. Harvesting of the tips for chromosome observations was carried out between 8:00 to 9:00am West Africa Time. Data pooled under X400 magnification of the light microscope for mitotic phases and chromosome aberrations were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) while means with significant difference across concentrations were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results revealed that only Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) concentrations in the effluent were higher than the minimum values recommended by World Health Organization. The effluent also produce binucleate cells, variant chromosomes, C-mitosis, vacuolated cells, tripolar anaphase and anaphase bridge which suggests the mutagenic and cytotoxic activities of the industrial effluent. The decrease in the Mitotic Indices (MI) of effluent-treated root cells compared to the control indicates mito-depressive ability of the effluent at every concentration. Regular monitoring of industries for compliance to treatment of effluent before releasing them into the environment is recommended.
Prescription profile for urgent biochemical analyzes at the biochemistry laboratory in Antananarivo
Authors: Miora Koloina Ranaivosoa  , Tina Rakotoniaina  , Alain Ntoezara  , Saraha Rabeherisoa  , Olivat Rakoto Alson  , Andry Rasamindrakotroka
Published: December 2020

The extreme emergency in biochemistry matches with the detection and/or monitoring of an acute or chronic pathological condition, at the root of a vital failure or a systemic imbalance deleterious for the organism. This study aims at determining the prescription profile of biochemical tests prescribed on call at the Paraclinical Training and Biochemistry Research Unit of the Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona. The specific objectives are to determine the proportion of tests prescribed by the departments qualified as "urgent" and to determine the frequency of request for each biochemical parameter prescribed during on-call duty. This is a descriptive retrospective study over a period of 5 Months, from November 2016 to March 2017. All the biochemical testing prescribed during the study period and carried out in the laboratory of Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona University Hospital Center were used. Out of the 595 biochemical testing prescribed during on-call period, 588 (98.82%) were included in the study. Two hundred and seventy-four (46.60%) of these testing were prescribed by departments classified as "non-urgent" and 314 (53.40%) by departments classified as "urgent". We found that non-urgent parameters were prescribed such as lipid status and HbA1c at less than 2%. Creatinine was prescribed at 99.60%, followed by blood ionogram at 65.99% and urea at 40.48%. Biochemical parameters prescribed during on-call periode are limited and that biologists must develop a list of feasible biochemical parameters on call periode for better management of patiens as soon as possible.
Simultaneous estimation of salbutamol sulphate and ambroxol HCl from their combined dosage form by UV-VIS spectroscopy using simultaneous equation method
Authors: Wrushali A. Panchale  , Chaitanya A. Gulhane  , Jagdish V. Manwar  , R. L. Bakal
Published: December 2020

A simple UV-Vis Spectrophometric method was developed for the simultaneous determination of salbutamol sulphate and ambroxol HCl (AMB) from their combined dosage form. The method employs formation and solving of simultaneous equation using 242 nm and 272 nm as two analytical wavelengths (λMax of the drugs) of detection. Both the drugs obeyed Beer-Lambert’s law over the concentration range 1-50 μg/mL for salbutamol sulphate and 10-50 μg/mL for ambroxol HCl, respectively. The developed method was validated for Accuracy, Precision, Limit of Detection and Limit of Quantification as per ICH guidelines and results of analysis were validated statistically.
High preanalytical non-compliance and samples rejection rate in clinical biochemistry laboratory are decreased by nurse staff training in phlebotomy and sample handling
Authors: Modibo Coulibaly  , Abdelaye Keita  , Moussa Diawara  , Valentin Sagara  , Brehima Traoré  , Oumar Guindo  , Bakary Maiga  , Amagana Dolo
Published: December 2020

Background: Preanalytical phase of biomedical analysis remains an important source of diagnostic errors that deserves special attention. This study aims to evaluate the training in phlebotomy and sample handling impact on the preanalytical non-compliances. Material and Methods: we performed a prospective study before and after staff training in phlebotomy and sample handling by systematically recording all clinical samples non-compliances. First, we assessed and describe the non-compliance baseline rate from January to December 2017 in the clinical biochemistry laboratory of Hôpital Sominé DOLO de Mopti. After two sessions of one week staff training in January 2018, we performed the same study from January to December 2018. We compared the proportions of non-compliances between the two assessments. Data were collected on the case report forms, captured in Excel and analyzed by R software for (Mac) OS X version 4.0.3. Pearson Ch2 or Fisher exact tests were used for the comparison of proportions. The statistical significance was set at p < 5%. Results: a total of 27,810 venous blood samples were received during the study period; 48% was for biochemistry, 41% for immuno-serology, 9% for blood cell count and 2% for coagulation tests. There were 3,826 instances of preanalytical non-compliances (13.76%) identified that led to sample rejection. Out of the 11 types of non-compliances investigated, 5 (45.4%) accounted for nearly 91% of the problems: insufficient sample volume (28.9%), hemolyzed samples (20.5%), inappropriate collection time (17.8%), sample clot (12.9%), and inappropriate sample collection tube (10.8%). We observed a significant difference in rates of non-compliance between inpatients and outpatients samples (44.4% vs 7.3%; p < 0.001). The proportion of non-compliance have significatively decreased after the two training sessions of hospital staff in phlebotomy and sample handling 3,826/27,810 (13.8%) vs 3,009/32,476 (9.3%); p < 0.001. Conclusion: we report a significantly higher rate of non-compliance in inpatients. Hospital staff training in phlebotomy and sample handling reduce the proportion of preanalytical non-compliance and thereby improve patient management and safety.
Current status and prospects of the use of biofungicides against plant diseases
Authors: Albert Akhmedovich Khakimov  , Alisher Urazalievich Omonlikov  , Samad Bobomurod Ugli Utaganov
Published: December 2020

Plant pathogenic microorganisms cause great damage to the yield of agricultural crops and also reduce their commercial quality. This article highlights information on the level of damage caused to agricultural crops by pests, as well as the development of organic agriculture, which in recent years has received great attention in many developed countries. In addition, the data from literature were analyzed on the current state and problems of production of pesticides in the world and their use in agriculture, the use of biofungicides against plant diseases. The importance of synthetic pesticides, as well as, controlling the use of synthetic fungicides, and the use of alternative biofungicides in their replacement were also revealed. The article concludes on the need for public reforms and the role of systematic scientific research in creating a local biopesticides market.
Lifestyle modifications: A key to manage diabetes
Authors: Ashok B. Giri  , Vishal T. Shinde  , Pradip R. Lengare  , Dr. Ramdas D. Shinde
Published: December 2020

Diabetes is one of the leading challenges to the health care or`ganization across world. Worldwide, 422 million peoples suffering from diabetes 1. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder which is characterized by abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, protein. The main etiological factors contributes in the development of diabetes are sedentary lifestyle, obesity, intake of junk foods. It is mandatory to manage increased blood sugar level (BSL) to prevent microvascular as well as macrovascular complications. To manage diabetes, metformin and insulin play a key role hence these two medications added in the diabetes pharmacotherapy. Diabetes is not a treatable disease hence we have to maintain weight by doing regular exercise and implementation of dietary modifications. It is important to maintain the balance of daily calories intake and their utilization by practicing physical activity remain the primary and most effective prevention strategy for diabetes management. A management strategy basically involves promotion of effective weight loss and physical exercise, but it is compulsory to do exercise and follow dietary modifications regularly. This is a comprehensive review which focuses on lifestyle modifications in diabetes. How lifestyle modification play a key role in the management of both type of diabetes along with pharmacotherapy.
Economic valuation of ecosystem services of Eastern Corridor of Selous- Niassa ecosystem, Tanzania and Mozambique
Authors: Adili Y. Zella
Published: December 2020

This paper explains the less known economic values of ecosystem services of Selous – Niassa ecosystem as a result of spatial and temporal changes of land use and land cover. Objectives of the study were to determine changes of ecosystem services, ecosystem functions, estimate ecosystem services of trees loss/gain and analyse ecosystem services of wood balance resulted from LULCC. The study employs benefit transfer method on local and global estimation of ESV with combination of field survey, remote sensing and GIS techniques Generally, annual changes of ESV for the period 1986 -2016 estimated as US$ 7 million and US$ 20 million using local and global ESV coefficients respectively. Additionally, for three decades there is local and global annual loss of US$ 322 million and US$ 654 million respectively of ecosystem functions mostly from closed woodlands, open woodlands, grassland and water from 1986 to 2016. Also, there is total annual local and global gain of ecosystem functions of US$ 106 million and US$ 118 million respectively from bushland and cultivated land. The gain of ecosystem functions comes from provisioning services and the degradation of ecosystem functions led by, supporting services, then regulatory services and lastly cultural services. Furthermore, for the period 1986 – 2016 an annual ecosystem services of trees gained by US$ 315 million and US$ 642 million for local and global ESV respectively. Lastly, estimated local and global ESV of wood supply in the study area for the year 2016 is at least 25 times the average demand per year per capita. The study recommends an emergence of reviewing management and conservation strategies to attain sustainability of Selous-Niassa ecosystem.
Struggle against corona-virus in Nepal: Present scenario
Authors: Esha Shrestha  , Tapas Pramanik  , Tapas Kumar Sur
Published: December 2020

Nepal is a South Asian multi-ethnic (125 distinct ethnic groups) country with nearly 30 million populations and located (latitudes 20⁰ and 31⁰N and latitude 80⁰ and 89⁰E) largely in the Himalayas and partly in Indo-Gangetic plain, surrounded by China and India. International tourism is the leading industry in Nepal and around 1.75 million foreigners visit in every year. The first Novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) case was detected in Nepal on January 5, 2020. After that Government of Nepal immediately took some drastic steps to prevent the spread of COVID-19 like - mandatory health check-up in airports, cancellation of visas, prevention of infiltrations in borders, sending back all foreigners/tourists in their home countries and also reformed their healthcare systems, by building up isolation centers in hospitals and involving trained personnel for the management of COVID-19. Besides that, they tried earnestly to educate public through media and imposed/ implemented rule for home quarantine. All these planning to fight against COVID-19 were implemented strictly and granted rewarding results in this pandemic. Till mid-November, 2020 the incidence of COVID-19 infection in Nepal was 208299, of whom, 1215 died.
Bacteriological quality of commercially prepared fermented Ogi (Akamu) sold in Some Parts of Afikpo Area in Ebonyi State
Authors: Ojokoh Eromosele  , Ndukwe Chima K  , Omonu Richard  , Asadu Kenneth  , Okpara Kingsley O
Published: December 2020

In this study ogi (akamu) prepared from fermented maize sold in Enohia, Afikpo and Unwana were subjected to bacteriological test together with the laboratory prepared ogi for bacterial quality using the standard microbiological method. The commercial purchased ogi from the markets of (Enohia, Unwana and Afikpo) showed total bacterial growth of 5.6 × 107, 2.0 × 103, 4.2 × 102 and 3.6 × 106 respectively. Staphylococci growth count of 4.2×102, 2.9×102 and 3.5 × 102 were recorded respectively, while Coliform count recorded 2.0×103, 1.2×103 and 1.5×103 and Lactic acid bacterial loads of 3.6×106, 2.7×106 and 3.2 × 106 respectively. The bacteria isolated from the commercial and laboratory fermented pap were Lactobacillus sp, Staphylococcus sp, Leuconostoc sp, Micrococcus sp, Salmonella sp, E. coli, Citrobacter sp and Klebsiella sp. Lactobacillus sp Leuconostoc sp and Citrobacter sp were present in all the samples, Micrococcus sp and Klebsiella sp were isolated from Enohia and Unwana markets ogi respectively, while E. coli and Staphylococcus sp were present in Enohia, Unwana and Afikpo markets. Salmonella sp were isolated from the three markets. No pathogenic bacteria was isolated from the laboratory Prepared ogi (Akamu). Hence, there are chances of contracting food borne diseases from commercially prepared ogi in the local areas of study. Therefore, there is need for sanitary measures in the production of fermented cereals such as ogi so as to minimize the rate of food borne pathogens during processing and storage of such cereals.
The Potential Of Online Writing Tools For Efl University Students During The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Handayani Fitri , Handayani Nurma
Published: December 2020

This study aims to give an overview of potential online writing tools that can be used in teaching writing for EFL university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was a literature review. It explicates online writing tools and reviews previous research exploring the use of these applications for teaching writing. The data was obtained from articles in online academic journals. There were three databases and sites used in finding the articles; Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Research gate. The result shows that there are three potential online writing tools applicable for EFL university students in learning writing from home namely Paragraph Punch, Pro-Writing Aid, and Edmodo. Finally, some suggestions are also offered for lecturers and students regarding the use of online writing tools in teaching writing.
Flouting Maxims In “White House Down“ Movie
Authors: Sinaga Rebekka , Handayani Nurma
Published: December 2020

Cooperative principles theorized by Grice (1975) explained the way people use the language well and efficiently. There are four maxims in order to have achieve connection during conversation which are maxim of quality, maxim of quantity, maxim of relation, and maxim of manner. The fact is people often not follow and disobey the Cooperative principle and flouts maxim, it is called flouting maxim. The aim of this research was to discuss about the types of maxim which were flouted in the movie "White House Down" written by James Vand Erbilt. As the result, there were 15 data found in the research which flouted, maxim of quantity 4 data, maxim of quality 2 data, maxim of manner 5 data, and 4 data maxim of relation.
TÜRK DÜNYASI ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN UNESCO SOMUT OLMAYAN KÜLTÜR MİRASI DEĞERLERİNE İLİŞKİN BİLGİ VE DENEYİM DÜZEYLERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: AKKUŞ Çetin
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırmada Türk Cumhuriyetlerinden Türkiye’ye lisans öğrenimi amacıyla gelmiş üniversite öğrencilerinin kendi ülkelerinin UNESCO Somut Olmayan Kültürel Miras Listesi’nde yer alan kaynaklarına ilişkin bilgi ve deneyim düzeylerini tespit etmek amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca listede bazı ortak değerleri tescillenen Türk Dünyası ülkeleri öğrencilerinin bu değerlere ilişkin bilgi ve deneyim düzeylerinin farklılığını saptamak hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla Kastamonu Üniversitesi’nde öğrenim gören Türkiye vatandaşı öğrenciler ile Azerbaycan, Kazakistan, Kırgızistan, Özbekistan ve Türkmenistan’dan gelen toplam 399 öğrenciye ulaşılmıştır. Ulaşılan verilere tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve farklılık analizleri yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda en yüksek bilgi ve deneyim ortalamasına sahip ülke Kırgızistan olurken bunu sırasıyla Azerbaycan, Kazakistan, Türkmenistan, Türkiye, Özbekistan takip etmiştir. Kültürel miras değerleri içerisinde en bilinen unsurlar; Azerbaycan, Kazakistan ve Türkmenistan için Nevruz, Kırgızistan için Kırgız Destan Üçlemesi, Özbekistan için Özbek pilavı ve Türkiye için Karagöz olmuştur. Vatandaşları tarafından en az bilinen unsurlar ise; Azerbaycan için Çevgen oyunu, Kırgızistan için ekmek (lavaş, yufka) yapma kültürü, Kazakistan için Doğan-Şahinle avlanma, Özbekistan için Katta Ashula ve Boysun ilçesi kültürel alanı, Türkmenistan için Geleneksel Türk halı yapım sanatı ve son olarak Türkiye için Islık Dili ve Semah olmuştur. Ayrıca ortak somut olmayan kültürel miraslardan Nevruz, Lavaş, Dede Korkut ve Âşıklık geleneğine ilişkin bilgi ve deneyim düzeyi ülkelere göre farklılık gösterirken, epik anlatıcılık için anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilememiştir
TÜRKİYE’DE YEREL YÖNETİMLERİN ULUSLARARASI FAALİYETLERİ: ULUSLARARASI KURULUŞLARA ÜYELİKLER ÜZERİNDEN BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: TUZCUOĞLU Ferruh , AKMAN Çiğdem , AKMAN Elvettin
Published: December 2020

Son yıllarda yerel yönetimlerin uluslararası ilişkiler faaliyetleri giderek artmaktadır. Yerel yönetimler kardeş şehir ilişkileri oluşturarak, uluslararası kuruluşlara üye olarak ve iş birliği protokolleri ile mutabakat zaptı/iyi niyet mektupları imzalayarak uluslararası faaliyetler yürütmektedirler. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada Türkiye’de yerel yönetimlerin uluslararası ilişkiler faaliyetlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada uluslararası faaliyetlere ilişkin teorik, tarihsel ve yasal arka plana değinildikten sonra, Türkiye’deki yerel yönetim birimlerinin uluslararası ilişkiler faaliyetlerine ilişkin istatistiksel verilere yer verilmiş ve uluslararası kuruluşlara en fazla üyeliği olan 6 büyükşehir belediyesindeki ilgili birim yöneticileri ile görüşülerek bazı tespit ve değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Çalışma neticesinde Türkiye’de yerel yönetimlerin uluslararası ilişkiler faaliyetlerinin sayısının giderek arttığı, üyeliklerin etkin şekilde yürütüldüğü, fayda sağlayacağı düşünülen uluslararası kuruluşlara üye oldukları, üye olmadan önce bir amaç belirlendiği, uluslararası kuruluşların önemli bir paydaşı olabildikleri ve ortaklaşa projeler gerçekleştirerek önemli kazanımlar elde ettikleri tespit edilmiştir.
Carbon Dot-Lanthanide Composite Based Smart Luminescent Anticounterfeiting Material
Authors: Pranav Y. Dave  , Jyoti Sharma
Published: December 2020

In this emerging technology world, the counterfeit of products are increasing due to raising the economy of industry. Counterfeiting is as old as the human desire to create objects of value. There are number of products, which can be easily duplicated by simple processes and the product is accurate and precise. Counterfeit is a problem of product security, the rise and affects every product category from consumer goods to medicines and spare parts. Products can furthermore contain non-active or even toxic- ingredients. So, luminescent materials are useful to detect different counterfeit products at different wavelength. The carbon dots-lanthanide composite based gel formulation is used to coat on different subtract and according to the process their different characterization part for the prevention of counterfeit problems. Carbon dots-lanthanide composites are basically easy to synthesis and they have fluorescent property, which can help to make product unique and diverse. With help of UV chamber, the carbon dots-lanthanide composites are easily detected at some particular wavelength. So by using this property, the gel formulation can be fabricated to coat on different subtract and characterize different surface morphology for the future precepts. UV-Vis- spectrophotometer was utilized to differentiate optical properties and fluorospectrometer was exploited to differentiate fluorescent properties of carbon dots, carbon dots-lanthanide composite and CDs-lanthanide based fluorescent ink. FT-IR and viscometer were used characterized other properties of carbon dots-lanthanide based fluorescent ink. This research article is the revised article of one step synthesis of carbon dots based smart fluorescent security ink.
Obesity and Pregnancy: Management and Prevention of Risk Factors (Distance Learning Lecture)
Authors: В. І. Ткаченко
Published: December 2020

Obesity is an excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in the body, which leads to increase of body weight by 20 % or more. Obesity in women of reproductive age is associated with a number of general somatic and reproductive problems, which lead to a decrease in fertility. Adipose tissue is the site of peripheral synthesis of many hormones, and is also actively involved in the function of the vascular system and the formation of the immune response, therefore, its excess content is accompanied by metabolic, hormonal, vascular and pro-inflammatory disorders. Before pragnancy, an obese patient should be examined to exclude endocrine disorders. The management of preparation of obese women for pregnancy should include: weight loss, improved insulin sensitivity (with diagnosed carbohydrate metabolism disorders), compensation/elimination of endocrine disorders (if any), support of the luteal phase with progesterone drugs.After pregnancy has occured, obese women have an increased risk of congenital fetal anomalies, macrosomia, stillbirth, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm birth and a number of other complications. Therefore, the management of pregnancy in a patient with overweight or obesity is associated with many difficulties, with an increased risk of developing serious obstetric and somatic complications in such patients. In this regard, the currently generally accepted rules are physiological weight gain within 9–11 kg, constant monitoring of the health of the pregnant woman and the fetus, which should have an individual approach; proper nutrition, increased physical activity, as well as diagnosis and correction of associated conditions and risk factors.
Modern Principles of Adjuvant Therapy of COVID-19
Authors: О. К. Дуда  , І. В. Манжелєєва  , А. Р. Вега  , Л. П. Коцюбайло
Published: December 2020

COVID-19 pandemic brings new challenges to healthcare systems all around the world. According to the literature, 80 % of patients have a mild or moderate disease, that doesn’t require inpatient care. Primary health-care providers play a great role in management such patients. There are no recommendations for the outpatient management for mild or moderate cases of COVID-19, including effective monitoring and prevention of severe cases . The article presents recent data of laboratory and clinical studies of prevention agents, outpatient treatment regimens approved by the EVMS Critical Care COVID-19 Management Protocol dated September 28, 2020.Recommendations include dynamic monitoring of the patient at home (including pulseoximetry), using regimens such as melatonin, vitamin C, vitamin D, zinc, magnesium and others. Except general restorative effect, these regimens prevent the severe disease, and play a certain role in dampening the cytokine storm, facilitate early recovery.
Use of the AST Questionnaire and Spirometry to Assess the Control of Asthma in Adolescents
Authors: О. О. Речкіна  , В. О. Стриж  , С. М. Руденко
Published: December 2020

The objective: was to investigate the level of asthma control in adolescents using the ACT questionnaire and spirometry.Materials and methods. The study included 32 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years, with asthma, without clinical and functional signs of exacerbation. 46,8 % of adolescents (15 people) had a controlled course, and 53,2 % of children (17 people) had a partially controlled asthma.Results. According to the results of spirometric examination, a positive test with a bronchodilator was found in 21,9 % of adolescents. After evaluating the results of spirometry, the share of children with incomplete control of asthma was 59,4 %. According to the AST questionnaire, insufficient control over the course of asthma was found in 65,6 % of those surveyed. After taking into account the results of spirometry and the results of the ACT questionnaire, the number of adolescents with incomplete control of asthma increased from 53,2 % to 71,9 % (χ2=4,14; p=0,042).Conclusion. Clinical monitoring is not always sufficient to properly assess the level of asthma control in adolescents. Consideration of several assessment methods makes it possible to more accurately determine the level of asthma control in a patient.
Exploring Needs and Requirements of Differently Abled Students at Equal Opportunity Cell, University of Delhi
Authors: Mahawariya Kimi , Yadav Meera
Published: December 2020

A differently-abled student needs special attention due to his or her different learning abilities, medical condition or any physical disability. It is essential that all Institutions must put efforts to provide various facilities best suited to these students and bring about their intellectual, academic and cultural development along with all other students. The purpose of this study is to look into the various resources, facilities and services which have been provided by Equal Opportunity Cell (EOC), a special Center for specially abled students established at University of Delhi, Delhi (India) for satisfying the requirements of its users to achieve higher education. An interactive and feedback approach, by way of questionnaire and verbal interviews to reach to the opinion of the specially abled students at EOC, has been practised by the author for the study. The findings show that EOC provides some important facilities to its users such as short term courses along with sports events specially designed and organized for them, computer laboratories as per their requirements, scanning and accessible reading equipments to visually impaired students and provisions of volunteers for providing support to disable students followed with transport facilities for them. It is also observed that the staff of the EOC was very helping towards the students. Overall, students have accepted that EOC has been fulfilling its motto for creating a barrier free environment for them for their learning needs. The study recommends to quantitative increase in the numbers of assistive devices, installation of advanced Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools and softwares for better and more efficient support to the specially-abled students. Keywords: Equal Opportunity Cell (EOC), differently-abled students, specially abled students, Person with Disability (PwD), Physically handicapped students, University of Delhi and blind students.
Intercultural Education: Bring Together Pluralism and Diversity
Authors: Martini Elvira
Published: December 2020

Large-scale migrations have forced the creation of new scenarios where the sense of absolute freedom clashes with the search for an ideal community. This situation poses problems related to identity, diversity, the ‘discovery of the other’ and, therefore, to identifying forms that allow to bring together more and more multi-cultural populations (Benahbib 2002). The aim of this paper is to reflect on the need to consider the educational process as ‘methodical socialization’ which corresponds to the need for any society to secure the bases of its conditions of existence and of its durability (Filloux 1993). For these reasons the education processes must be based on format with high coefficients of self-reflection, convergence, trans-culturalism. Education, as a social fact, must adapt to change and new alphabets, to overcome the binomial between time to learn / time to work and must insist on creativity and innovation, since everyday life is and it will be increasingly governed by knowledge and, particularly, by the spendable knowledge, a typical feature of complex, cosmopolitan and ‘high knowledge claim’ societies. Keywords: coexistence, education, inter-culturalism, trans-culturalism, socialization
First Correlation Study between Family Organizational/ Administrative Functionality Scale Results and School Performance of the Young Human Capital at Public and Private Elementary, Middle and High School of the South/ Center of the US, Territory of Puerto Rico
Authors: Vélez-Candelario Sandra
Published: December 2020

This quantitative study presents the first correlation between Family Organizational and Administrative Functionality and School Performance. To evaluate Family Organizational and Administrative Functionality is using the FOAF Scale (Vélez-Candelario, S., 2019) and the overall percent of it. This scale has 90% of the overall value. The intern consistency and the Factor Analysis are, .89 (Cronbach's Alpha) and the Factor Analysis shows a .8 KMO (Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin), recognizing each measured area as an independent factor. To analyze the school performance, we are using the General Point Average (GPA) at the school of each one of the participant. The study includes a socio-demographic document and parent consent. The sample is two-hundred-sixty-five (265) children with six (6) to seventeen (18) years old from public and private schools. It was from the south and center zone of Puerto Rico, with an education system based on the American model (Classbase, 2018). The sample is selected by availability from volunteer families and from Puerto Rico's Department of Educationn. The hypothesis investigation (Hi) is: Exist a positive correlation between Family Organizational/Administrative Functionality and school performance. For the statistical analysis, the sample is submitted in the SPSS 26 version and applies a Pearson's correlation formula and a sample descriptive Statistics. The findings show a positive correlation with a significance level of 0.01. The Pearson correlation degree between, FOAF and GPA, is medium, ρ = .341**, (Cohen 1988; in Wuensh 2015). The small correlation effect size is one in which there is a real effect, but one which can only be see-through careful study. A large effect size is an effect which is big enough such that it may be visible to the naked eye (Cohen 1988 in Walker 2007-08). The statistics analysis allowed the acceptance of the Hi confirming the existence of a positive correlation between FOAF Scale results and GPA at School. Keywords: Family, Organizational, Administrative, Functionality, Scale, School, Performance, Correlation.
Quantificação de volume de árvores utilizando cubagem rigorosa, modelo de afilamento e modelo volumétrico
Authors: Oliveira Julia Martins Dias de , Cardoso Lucas Da Silva , Silva Laís Cândido , Oliveira Larissa Souza de , Araújo Emanuel José Gomes de , Monte Marco Antonio
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho teve como objetivo comparar as estimativas de volume obtidas pelos modelos de Demaerschalk e Schumacher-Hall em relação ao volume real obtido pelo método de Smalian, em povoamentos de Eucalipto. Foram cubadas 108 árvores com idade de 7,5 anos. Os modelos ajustados foram os de Demaerschalk e Schumacher-Hall; a qualidade de ajuste foi realizada com base na diferença entre o volume real (Smalian) e o volume estimado. Foram calculados o BIAS, a raiz quadrada do erro médio (RQEM) e realizado o teste de betas, além do gráfico de resíduo normalizado. Os ajustes realizados apresentaram resultados satisfatórios, contudo o modelo de Demaerschalk, para volume total, apresentou diferença significativa para o teste de . Os modelos de Demaerschalk para seção e Schumacher-Hall, apresentaram estimativas mais próximas do volume real. Sendo Schumacher-Hall mais recomendado, devido a maior facilidade de realizar o ajuste.
La Formación Docente para las infancias. Un aporte desde las narraciones de formación de graduadas en la Universidad
Authors: Ramírez Ileana , Borda Vanina Soledad
Published: December 2020

Este artículo presenta avances de una investigación cuyo propósito es el estudio de los sentidos sobre la formación docente que distintos protagonistas construyen. Para esta ocasión presentaremos unas lecturas sobre del trabajo que realizamos con graduadas de la carrera de Profesorado en Educación Inicial; de una Universidad pública.

Nuestra investigación asume una perspectiva de análisis cualitativa; en tanto se enfoca en la mirada de las protagonistas; buscando establecer acontecimientos

significativos que surgen de sus narraciones de formación. Desde allí; se propone una descripción y reflexión sobre la formación docente.

De los relatos de las graduadas; identificamos algunos ejes de análisis: los motivos para el ingreso a la formación docente y las expectativas sobre la carrera; los acontecimientos significados como obstaculizadores en el trayecto de formación; y por último; acontecimientos que conmovieron de manera positiva la experiencia de formación y la comprensión del futuro rol profesional.

Finalmente; cabe mencionar que; este trabajo se enmarca en una investigación en curso; que tiene como objetivo estudiar la formación docente para las infancias; proponiendo dos tipos de lecturas. Por un lado; una mirada histórica que nos acerca a los sentidos fundacionales del Profesorado en Educación Inicial en la Universidad; y otra lectura en clave pedagógica; que recupera las experiencias de diferentes actores en el marco de dicha carrera.
ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCE SYSTEM OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE
Authors: Meirison Meirison
Published: December 2020

The article aims to reveal the form of administration of the Ottoman Empire, which is not much discussed in history books, especially in Indonesia, an administration that seems chaotic. The description and form of administration take from various sources, especially in the collapse and degradation of leadership. The author tries to explain the advantages and disadvantages of the Timar system run by the Ottoman Turkish Empire. Data collection is carried out through literature study, data verification, interpretation, and financial administration chronology writing. The results show that the Ottoman Empire system of government has developed according to its territory-administration of agricultural Land managed by Sipahi and Subasyi. In implementing the Ottoman Islamic Sharia, the judges have the task of settling civil, criminal, and financial cases in coordination with the regional government and the government. At a glance, the Ottoman had a feudal system similar to the West's system at the time, but there were fundamental differences in land ownership. Land tenants in the West have no right to enjoy the harvest, let alone control the Land for generations. Slaves in Western Europe cannot be separated from hereditary Land. They cannot enjoy the agricultural products they have worked for themselves the Timar system's dysfunction results in losses in military, economic, social, and educational procurement. Even though, when analyzed in the Timar system, many support food security. However, this system still illustrates the principle of the land system adopted by Islam, namely Land to the tiller.