bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overlay Replacement Feasibility Study of the Burlington Cable Stayed Bridge
Authors: Cao Yinghong , Hasbrouck Gregory , Magliola Robert A. , Todsen Michael J.
Published: March 2021

The Burlington Bridge, built in 1993, spans over the Mississippi River at Burlington, Iowa. The main river crossing is a 379‐m‐long cable stayed bridge carrying two westbound lanes and three eastbound lanes of U.S. Route 34. After 25 years of service, the concrete overlay and barrier are planned for replacement due to deterioration and cracking. This paper presents the methodology of the feasibility analysis for the replacement plan. Based on recent inspection reports, no significant deterioration of the primary structural elements of the bridge was found that would reduce the capacity of the structure to accommodate the original design loads. Without in‐depth determination of the capacity of the existing structure, the feasible construction staging was evaluated by comparing the effect of construction activities with the design live load effects. Various construction staging alternatives with reduced traffic lanes were investigated and optimized. The load effects on the primary structural components including towers, stay cables, edge girders, floor beams, deck and bearings were the main targets of comparison. Both global structural behavior and local stresses on these members were analyzed. After the analytical study, the most favorable construction staging was proposed for further consideration and refinement.
Fire safe glazing with additional requirements
Authors: Siebert Geralt
Published: March 2021

An essential element of fire protection, in addition to the appropriate design of load‐bearing components (fire resistance), is the subdivision of buildings into fire compartments. In modern architecture is a demand for transparent fire‐resistant components, which are then made of glass. Verifications of the load‐bearing capacity against static loads such as wind usually are done by calculation whereas fire resistance is proofed by tests. In most cases, fire‐resistant glass has no further proof, transparent glass components are either classified for fire or to meet other special requirements such as fall protection (e.g. for floor‐ceiling façade elements) or “walk‐ on”. The paper gives an overview about the possibilities to fulfill the requirements for static glass design (including fall protection and walk‐on element) as well as for fire protection, respectively. To complete the picture, examples of realized projects are presented. For several types of vertical and horizontal fire‐protective glazing, testing to verify impact resistance were carried out. For a walk‐on‐overhead‐glazing installed in a subway station testing in a furnace against fire and in laboratory against walking people was done.
Integral safe expansion joint: a new long-service-life joint for bridges
Authors: Aparicio García Jorge
Published: March 2021

The integral expansion joint is a novel bridge expansion joint for bridges and viaducts with three breakthrough characteristics: (1) allows continuous driving, therefore (i) reducing the risk of accidents and increases safety for the road user and their vehicles; (ii) mitigating noise (the bump effect from conventional joints); (2) avoids the filtering of water, detritus and de-icing salts reducing conservation costs (opex and capex) of bridge substructures; (3) has a long-service life vis-à-vis conventional joints, therefore: (i) reducing the maintenance expenditure in bridge joints (life-cycle cost analysis); (ii) reducing traffic cuts and diversions, relevant for toll road operators where there is payment for - or penalties due to lack of – availability and (iii) reducing potential management liability due to improper maintenance. At an affordable supply and installation cost - aligned to conventional joints -, the integral expansion joint aims to solve a well-documented and historical problem in Structural Engineering, strengthening the most vulnerable part of any bridge and road surface. It can be prefabricated or manufactured in situ, implemented in all kind of bridges (new or rehabilitation), in any geography (thermal range), regardless of length of the deck or skewness, and in any material (concrete or metal).
Comparative analysis and applicability of optimal composite sections for small to middle span girder bridges
Authors: Vlasic Andjelko , Srbić Mladen , Hrelja Kovačević Gordana
Published: March 2021

Paper reports findings from parametric analysis of open section constant height composite bridges with considered spans ranging from 20 to 70 m (for larger spans closed box girder section is recommended). For these spans, girder structural system is analyzed for permanent and traffic loads, and thus steel quantity determined according to Eurocode limit states. For each span, possible sections comprise various “I” girder types and various number of girders determined from variable bridge width, distinguishing two groups of sections – sections with only two main girders (comprising hunched deck plate of variable thickness) and sections with more than two girders (comprising constant thickness deck plate). Other considered parameters are section height, steel flange width and occurrence of web stiffeners for buckling verification. Analysis is performed on finite element models, according to typical construction stages, where composite section is activated only for loads applied after in‐situ concreating of deck slab. For each variable set, needed steel quantity is recorded. Graphical representation of all results is plotted in diagrams, showing section types and steel quantity for a given range of span lengths. In conclusion, comments are given for use of composite cross sections according to the bridge span length and width.
CFRP strengthening system to increase fatigue resistance of bridges
Authors: Sedlmair Roman , Stempniewski Lothar
Published: March 2021

Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) laminates externally bonded with epoxy resins are an often used strengthening technique of aged and overloaded structures, e.g. bridges. A well-known, though not commonly discussed, problem is the stiff bond behavior of the used adhesives. Their use leads to stress concentrations in the CFRP and concrete at the location of cracks and an uneven strain distribution of internal and external reinforcement. On that basis, the usage of such a strengthening technique for components subjected to dynamic loads is limited or almost impossible due to premature debonding of the CFRP.

The present paper focuses on numerical analysis of reinforced concrete bending beams strengthened with CFRP using the finite element method. In our analysis we focus on contact modelling techniques. The effect of differing adhesives on the overall behavior of the strengthened beams and strain distribution of internal and external reinforcement is shown. Numerical investigations demonstrate the relevance of the used adhesive on the static and fatigue behavior of the strengthened component. Modified and optimized material properties of the adhesive lead to a strengthening system which is even capable of carrying dynamic loads.
Post tensioned box girder bridges made from thin-walled pre- fabricated elements
Authors: Fasching Stephan , Reichenbach Sara , Huber Tobias , Kollegger Johann
Published: March 2021

Nowadays large box-girder concrete bridges are either built using pre-cast segmental erection or in-situ casting of concrete. Using these methods sets limitations when it comes to construction speed or to segment length due to the weight of full-cast concrete segments. To close the gap between the two construction approaches, the Institute of Structural Engineering of the TU Wien has developed new technologies for bridge construction using thin-walled pre-fabricated elements originally used in building construction. Based on these developments, an innovative construction method has been proposed, which consists of the following steps:

Highly automated production of thin-walled concrete elements in a pre-casting-plant

On-site production of box-girder segments using thin-walled elements

Connection of the segments with post-tensioning tendons to form a bridge girder

Installation of the girder to its final position using any construction method as for example incremental launching or the balanced lift method

Pumping of in-situ concrete, to complete the girder in the final position

The presented research shows, that this approach is advantageous for construction methods, with large differences in bending moment distribution during the construction stages and the final state. The required amount of materials cannot only be reduced, but the construction process can be accelerated as well, therefore improving the efficiency in bridge construction. Results of tests on large-scale specimens, which will be described in detail, show the potential of the new method.
Galvanized Reinforcement in Bridge and Coastal Construction
Authors: Yeomans Stephen R.
Published: March 2021

This paper discusses the use of galvanizing for the corrosion protection of steel reinforcement in bridges and coastal structures exposed to deicing salts or the marine environment. Whilst providing both barrier and sacrificial protection to the base steel, the galvanized coating is also effectively immune to carbonation effects in concrete. More importantly, zinc has a significantly higher chloride tolerance than black steel and a chloride threshold some 2-3 times higher than that for uncoated “black” steel is widely accepted. This combination of factors provides for a significant life extension with the use of galvanized reinforcement and is fundamental to achieving a 50-100 year service life for concrete infrastructure exposed to high-chloride conditions.

The characteristics and behaviour of traditional hot dipped galvanized reinforcement in concrete and the recent development of the continuous coating of steel reinforcement are explored. The important role of the presence of pure zinc for the passivation of galvanized steel in concrete and the long-term behaviour of the coating are discussed. Design and construction issues specific to galvanized reinforcement are briefly reviewed. Field studies of existing infrastructure and recent applications of galvanized reinforcement in new bridge and coastal construction are presented.
Ferramenta de otimização para alocação de geração própria
Authors: Lima Layza Maria Vimieiro Marques de , Marques Cleide Maria Vimieiro , De Rezende Freitas Elias José
Published: March 2021

A  alocação  de  geração  própria  de  energia é  uma  rotina  que  deve  ser  realizada,  normal- mente,  a  cada  mês,  pelos  agentes  que  se  enquadram  na  categoria  de  auto-produtores, produtores independentes com cargas próprias e consumidores participantes de Sociedade de Propósito Específico (SPE) no Ambiente de Contratação Livre (ACL). Nesse contexto, a  alocação  de  energia  para  as  unidades  do  agente  é  feita  baseada  em  uma  distribuição proporcional ao seu consumo.  Com o objetivo de otimizar essa distribuição, de maneira a obter os maiores ganhos possíveis para o agente, este trabalho apresenta uma ferramenta computacional que possibilita a alocação ótima de geração própria de energia, utilizando o  método  Simplex.   Os  resultados  obtidos  confirmam  as  vantagens  de  se  utilizar  essa ferramenta de otimização em relação a maneira comumente utilizada de alocação.
Palavras-chave: Mercado livre de energia.  Geração própria.  Otimização.
 
Optimization tool for allocation of self-generated energy
Abstract
The allocation of self-generated energy is a routine that must be carried out, normally, every month by agents who fall into the category of self-producers, independent producers with their loads, and consumers participating in the Specific Purpose Company (SPE) in the Free Contracting Environment (ACL In this context, the allocation of energy to the agent's units is made based on a distribution proportional to their consumption. Aiming to optimize this distribution to obtain the greatest possible gains for the agent, this work presents a computational tool that allows the optimal allocation of own generation using the Simplex method. The results obtained confirm the advantages of using this optimization tool concerning the commonly used way of allocation.
Keywords: Free energy market. Self-generated energy. Optimization.
Çankırı İlinde Yetiştirilen Akkaraman Irkı Kuzuların Büyüme Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: SAKAR Çağrı Melikşah , ÜNAL İlker
Published: March 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Çankırı İli’nde yetiştirilen Akkaraman sürülerinde doğumdan 18 aylık yaşa kadar bazı çevre faktörlerinin etkileri de dikkate alınarak gelişimlerinin belirlenmesidir.

Materyal ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmanın hayvan materyali, Çankırı İli’nde yetiştirilen Akkaraman koyunlardan oluşmaktadır. Çalışma 2018 yılı Ocak, Şubat ve Mart aylarında 4 farklı işletmede doğan toplam 208 kuzu üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada Akkaraman koyunların doğum ile 3, 6, 12 ve 18 aylık dönemlerdeki canlı ağırlıkları belirlenmiştir.

Bulgular: Çalışmada doğum, 3, 6, 12 ve 18 aylık dönemlerde ortalama canlı ağırlıklar sırasıyla 3.874 kg, 31.441 kg, 41.001 kg, 42.228 kg ve 55.528 kg olarak bulunmuştur. Cinsiyetin etkisi istatistiksel olarak 6, 12 ve 18 aylık dönemlerde önemli (p
The relationship between upper extremity strength and performance in elite amputee football players
Authors: GUNAYDIN GURKAN
Published: March 2021

Background: ‪Despite having similar requirements to regular football, amputee football may also require different dynamics due to using crutches. This study investigated the relationship between upper extremity strength and performance in amputee players. Material and methods: ‪Twenty amputee players participated in this study. Running performance of amputee players was measured with sprint tests; aerobic performance with a shuttle run test; jumping performance with a one-leg hop test and upper extremity strength with a digital dynamometer. The relationship between the types of performance was evaluated by multiple regression analysis. Results: T‪he 10 (p = 0.009) and 20 meters sprint performance (p = 0.035) was associated with latissimus dorsi muscle and the 30 meters (p=0.030) with shoulder extension strength. In addition, 10 (p = 0.018), 20 (p = 0.020) and 30 meters sprint performance (p=0.036) was associated with one-leg hop performance. However, there were no related data with the max VO2 (p = 0.339), and the aerobic performance test duration (p = 0.348). Conclusions: ‪The results indicated that the sprinting performance of amputee players was not only related with lower extremity strength but also with upper extremity strength. It may be beneficial to include shoulder extension and particularly latissimus dorsi strengthening exercises in training programs of amputee football players to provide an increase in anaerobic performance.
Influence of functional abilities on the quality of refereeing in handball
Authors: BELCIC IVAN , RUZIC LANA , MAROSEVI ALEN
Published: March 2021

Background: Several factors contributed to the evolution of handball, and one of the most important changes for faster, more dynamic and aggressive game is the change of rules which increase physical demands of players and especially referees. The aim of this study is to determine whether functional abilities have an influence on the quality of refereeing. Material and methods: 31 subjects were involved in the research, all of them top-level referees with an average age of 34.66±6.44, height 184.02±5.87 cm and body mass 91.14±10.61 kg. Testing was divided into two parts: the first part was spiroergometric progressive test on a treadmill to diagnose functional abilities, and the second part was the official handball matches. Results: Results show an average relative maximum oxygen uptake of 45.35±6.12 ml/min/kg. No statistically significant correlation was found between better functional abilities of handball referees and a better quality of refereeing. Conclusions: Referees have a lower anaerobic capacity, which could lead to errors in their judgment during the highest physiological loads in a match. Referees are a homogeneous group due to elimination criteria on tests at official seminars. If there were no elimination criteria, there would be greater variability among referees, and it would be possible to confirm the hypothesis that better functional abilities would lead to a better quality of refereeing.
Model characteristics of sportsmen’ preparedness in kettlebell lifting
Authors: PRONTENKO KOSTIANTYN , GRIBAN GRYGORIY , PLACHYNDA TETIANA , MYCHKA IVAN , KHURTENKO OKSANA , SEMENIV BOGDAN , GNYDIUK OLEKSANDR , MUZHYCHOK VADYM , PUZDYMIR MYKOLA
Published: March 2021

Background: The model characteristics of preparedness of sportsmen specialized in kettlebell lifting are grounded in the article. The indicators of physical preparedness, functional abilities and the main technical characteristics of kettlebell lifters of different qualification were examined. Material and methods: Three groups were formed: group No. 1 – kettlebell lifters of a low qualification (the 3rd and the 2nd grades, N=34); group No. 2 – kettlebell lifters who have the 1st grade and Candidate Master of Sports, N=27; group No. 3 – sportsmen of a high qualification (Masters of Sports, N=16). The methods of investigation: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific literature, testing, biomedical methods, video computer and biomechanical analysis, methods of mathematical statistics. Results: It is determined that meaningful components of physical preparedness in kettlebell lifting are endurance, flexibility, leg and back muscles strength; of functional preparedness – functional abilities of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems; of technical preparedness – duration of the static phases and angular characteristics of competitive exercises. Conclusions: The application of the results obtained allows comparing the individual data of a particular sportsman with the model characteristics of highly-qualified sportsmen to estimate the advantages and disadvantages of his preparedness in order to plan the training process.
Macronutrients and water – do they matter in the context of cognitive performance in athletes?
Authors: KARPĘCKA ewa , FRĄCZEK BARBARA
Published: March 2021

Proper nutrition is a key factor in physical performance, but there are also indications of an impact of dietary components on the brain function. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the impact of macronutrients and water on cognitive performance. Assumptions of the Mediterranean diet correlate with better global cognition, episodic memory, lower risk of cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative diseases. In turn, a high-fat and high-sugar diet shows the opposite effect. Omega-3 fatty acids could be used as a preventive tool for cognitive decline, but there is still insufficient evidence if supplementation improves cognitive functions. The proper intake of protein may be important in cognitive performance. Tyrosine seems to be potentially effective in inhibition of fatigue under extreme conditions, and the influence of BCAA on cognitive performance is still unclear. An appropriate glucose level is a critical factor for brain functions. Carbohydrate supplementation before and during exercise is associated with enhanced brain activation and decreased exercise perception, as well as improved cognitive functions. Dehydration worsens cognitive performance, especially for tasks requiring attention, executive functions and coordination. Based on the review of available studies, it should be assumed that proper nutrition might play a relevant role in athletes’ cognitive performance.
Physical activity and other health-related behaviors in adults from Oradea, Romania. Facts and social factors
Authors: BUHAȘ RALUCA , SĂVEANU SORANA , BACTER CLAUDIA
Published: March 2021

Background: ‪Findings indicate a direct relation between engagement in physical activities, dietary habits and a healthy lifestyle. An active life and a nutritional diet are associated with substantial health benefits. But people’s interest in health outcomes as well as their level of engagement in physical activities is influenced by a wide array of determinants, among which socio-cultural factors play an important role. Material and methods: ‪Our paper investigates how much Romanian adults are engaged in exercising and aims to identify their health-related behaviors Data were collected by questionnaire from 400 subjects. Results: ‪Research results indicate that not many Romanian adults are interested in their health. However, those who are preoccupied with this tend to adopt a healthy lifestyle by engaging themselves in various physical activities, feeling motivated about this and eating correctly, as well. Conclusions: ‪The level of engagement in physical activity is individually determined by social covariates, such as education, income, occupational status or age.
Pattern of Abdominal Stab Injury in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Nwashilli NJ , Egigba GO
Published: March 2021

Background: Abdominal stab injury is a type of penetrating abdominal injury. The management may be operative or non-operative.

Objectives: To determine the pattern, treatment options and outcome in abdominal stab injuries.

Methods: This was a retrospective study carried out over 4 years between January 2014 and December 2017, at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria. Patients aged 18 years and above formed the study population. The case files of the patients were retrieved from the medical record. The information obtained included age, gender, injury to arrival time (IAT), type of weapon, the abdominal injury sustained, clinical symptoms and signs, surgical intervention time (SIT), type of surgery carried out, operative findings and complications.

Results: Overall, there were 34 patients made up of 30 (88.2%) males and 4 (11.8%) females with a male to female ratio of 7.5:1. The mean age of the patients was 30±8.9 years with the age range of 17-50 years. The mean injury to arrival time (IAT) was 2.0±1.6 hours; surgery intervention time (SIT) was 5.9±5.6 hours. Twenty (58.8%) patients had laparotomy while 14 (41.2%) were successfully managed non-operatively. Post-operative complications included surgical site infection (SSI), entrance wound infection, intra-peritoneal abscess and intestinal obstruction. There was no mortality.

Conclusion: Abdominal stab injury was predominant among males and can be managed by the operative method or non-operative method in the absence of significant visceral injury. Selective non-operative management was effective in avoiding unnecessary laparotomy in more than one-third of the cases.
Prevalence of Dysmenorrhea and its Contribution to School Absenteeism Among Nigerian Undergraduate Students
Authors: Ezebialu IU , Ezenyeaku CC , Umeobika JC
Published: March 2021

Background: Dysmenorrhea remains one of the common gynaecological conditions among women of reproductive age. With varying severity, it can be associated with morbidities that affect the quality of life. Among students, dysmenorrhea leads to school absenteeism which may ultimately affect school performance.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of dysmenorrhea among undergraduates as well as the incidence of school absenteeism in women with dysmenorrhea.

Methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study of 583 female university students was done using the multistage sampling method.

Results: Four hundred and twenty-four respondents out of 516 had experienced dysmenorrhea giving a prevalence of 82.2%. On a visual analogue scale, 8.5% reported mild pain, 59.7% moderate and 31.8% severe. Two hundred and thirty-six (55.7%) could not carry out their routine chores because of the pain while 181 (42.7%) had been absent from school because of painful menses. School absenteeism was significantly associated with severe pain.

Conclusion: This study has identified that dysmenorrhea is common among undergraduates. It is also associated with school absenteeism, especially in those that reported severe pain. Therefore, it has the potential to affect the academic performance of the affected students. It is recommended that university managements should provide basic care for dysmenorrheic students to improve their school attendance and ultimate performance.
Keefektifan Model Pembelajaran Novick terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Fisika Siswa SMK Negeri 17 Samarinda Materi Elastisitas dan Hukum Hooke
Authors: Arisa Nira , Johansyah  , Ali Hanif M. Khairul
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan pemahaman konsep fisika siswa SMK serta keefektifan model pembelajaran Novick terhadap pemahaman konsep fisika. Populasi pada penelitian ini seluruh siswa kelas X SMKN 17 Samarinda. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling. Sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas X-1 dan X-2 Farmasi yang masing-masing berjumlah 35 siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain static-group pre-test post-test design. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan teknik tes berupa soal uraian. Hasil rata-rata pemahaman konsep fisika siswa pada kelas eksperimen mengalami peningkatan dengan N-Gain sebesar 0,68 dengan kategori sedang dan pada kelas kontrol sebesar 0,49 dengan kategori sedang. Peningkatan tertinggi terdapat pada indikator mencontohkan dengan memperoleh hasil N-Gain sebesar 0,88 kategori tinggi. Sedangkan peningkatan terendah terdapat pada indikator membandingkan dengan memperoleh hasil N-Gain sebesar 0,59 dengan kategori sedang. Penerapan model pembelajaran Novick untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep fisika siswa memiliki tingkat efektifitas yang tinggi dengan effect size sebesar 1,36.
Parts grouping concept of machining production at efficient route formation of engineering process of their manufacturing
Authors: Reshetnikova Evgenia , Bochkarev Petr
Published: March 2021

An innovation approach to the development of efficient engineering processes of product manufacturing based on the problem solution of industrial process planning is offered. The essence of the approach consists in the formation of the efficient structure of manufacturing operations of the engineering process under development on the basis of taking into consideration the interconnection of design-technological signs of parts surfaces from the specified range and functional peculiarities of technological support facilities under acting production conditions.
Psychological consequences of the decrease of ethnic diversity: an overview of problems and their management
Authors: Göncz Lajos
Published: March 2021

In this article I report on psychological
explanations for those linguistic and educational problems that arise as a
result of the accelerated loss of ethnic diversity among european indigenous
minorities. I have
used knowledge from psychology of learning and psychology of motivation (for example unsuitable impulsive behaviour
connected to executive functions, or culture shock) to describe the mechanisms of language
shift and language loss connected to education There is a lack of such
attempts in linguistic nad educational literature.
The debates between representatives of pluralistic
conceptions and their opponents on the possible linguistic and educational
objectives in heterogeneous communities
are presented. In addition, I also formulated guidelines how to mitigate
the consequences of decrease of linguistic and cultural diversity on mind and
behaviour of people who live and receive education in heterogeneous settings.
Can the Theory of Planned Behavior, predict possible differences in physical activity involvement during COVID-19 lockdown? A preliminary study
Authors: BEBETSOS EVANGELOS
Published: March 2021

This preliminary study aimed to investigate the
contribution of the Theory of Planned Behavior to the prediction of attitudes
and intention of adult involvement with physical activity during the Pandemic.
The sample consisted of 904 individuals, 417 men, and 487 women, aged 18-70
years. Participants completed the Greek version of the "Theory of Planned
Behavior" questionnaire. The analyses revealed differences between
previous and during COVID-19 physical involvement in (a) attitudes, (b) intention,
(c) attitude strength, (d) self-identity, and (e) subjective norms, of the
sample.
Challenges of Madaris Educational System in Educating the Youth in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, Philippines
Authors: Solaiman Saddam Mangondato
Published: March 2021

This study adopted the descriptive-evaluative design to gather information about the challenges of madaris in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao. A survey questionnaire was used to collect data regarding the challenges in different traditional madaris in BARMM. The respondents who participated in this study were 293 asatidz. They were randomly selected from the selected cities in BARMM such as Marawi City, Lamitan City, and Cotabato City, and the province of Lanao del Sur. Furthermore, the results showed that: (1) the challenges on funding budget are considered serious; (2) the challenges on competency of faculty and staff are challenging but not serious; (3) the challenges on facilities are moderately serious; and (4) the curriculum is a challenge but not serious. In view of the aforementioned findings, the following recommendations were put forth for considerations: appoint qualified asatidz, trainers and consultants in every madrasah; revise the instruction materials to make them informative and updated; renovate existing facilities; regularly monitor the asatidz in terms of their performance; acquire foreign scholarship for asatidz; and the BARMM government and local government units should continually support the traditional madrasah and allocate budget thereof. It is strongly recommended that further studies be conducted to assess the need for traditional madrasah in the other areas in Mindanao, Luzon and Visayas.
Social experiences and youth psychopathology during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study
Authors: Rodman Alexandra M , Rosen Maya L. , Kasparek Steven William , Mayes Makeda , Lengua Liliana , McLaughlin Katie A , Meltzoff Andrew N.
Published: March 2021

The early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated stay-at-home orders resulted in a stark reduction in daily social interactions for children and adolescents. Given that peer relationships are especially important during this developmental stage, it is crucial to understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on social behavior and risk for psychopathology in children and adolescents. In a longitudinal sample (N=224) of children (7-10y) and adolescents (13-15y) assessed at three strategic time points (before the pandemic, during the initial stay-at-home order period, and six months later after the initial stay-at-home order period was lifted), we examine whether certain social factors protect against increases in stress-related psychopathology during the pandemic, controlling for pre-pandemic symptoms. Youth who reported less in-person and digital socialization, greater social isolation, and less social support had worsened psychopathology during the pandemic. Greater social isolation and decreased digital socialization during the pandemic were associated with greater risk for psychopathology after experiencing pandemic-related stressors. In addition, children, but not adolescents, who maintained some in-person socialization were less likely to develop internalizing symptoms following exposure to pandemic-related stressors. We identify social factors that promote well-being and resilience in youth during this societal event.
Preparing Students for Success in a Changing World: The Role of Virtual Whiteboards in the Modern Classroom
Authors: Fuchs Kevin
Published: March 2021

Information communication and technologies (ICT) as a facilitator of active learning (AL) in higher education is becoming an increasingly important tool. One of the most significant developments with the use of ICT in higher education over the last decade has been the integration and application of e-learning systems to support the processes of teaching and learning. The implementation of ICT into the classroom should not be seen as merely an add-on, but should be included with purpose: meaningfully implemented based on pedagogy. Despite the suggested power of ICT in educating students for a modern future, the implementation of these technologies into the classroom is not as widespread as expected; debate still abounds as to what role ICT should play in the classroom. This research examined a variety of dependable attributes that assessed the engagement of undergraduate students (n1=87) through virtual whiteboards. This quantitative inquiry revealed that students perceived virtual whiteboards as beneficial for their learning and improved their engagement level in the classroom. Furthermore, a correlation between the level of engagement and the year of study was revealed as the primary implication of this research.
Protecting the neglected from disease: the role of gender, health equity and human rights in the fight against neglected tropical diseases
Authors: de Rijk Simone , Klemperer Katherine , Depierreux Delphine , Fu Ziruo , Mackinlay Kirsty
Published: March 2021

Poverty and inequality are both the starting point, and the ultimate outcome, for most neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). As a group of 20 diseases, NTDs are typified by their prevalence among the poor, excluded, and marginalised within society. In the absence of quality healthcare provision, many NTDs lead to long term disability, disfigurement, and stigma, which in turn act to reinforce the exclusion and poverty experienced by the afflicted. The path leading to illness is often determined by a widespread lack of access to formal education, timely healthcare, adequate living conditions, employment and nutrition. The reasons for such deprivation are complicated, but ultimately reduce to a persistence of inequalities in affected regions. These inequalities can manifest differently depending on the demographic being studied: gender, ethnicity, geographic location, level of formal education, can all determine the ease with which NTDs are transmitted, diagnosed or treated. Yet, regardless of contextual differences, NTDs continue to persist because individuals within endemic regions experience a healthcare system that is, either directly or indirectly, inequitable. The healthcare system referred to in this context is not confined to simply formal healthcare settings. Rather, it encompasses local healers, community healthcare professionals or volunteers, drug administration programmes, community mental health provision, the formal education system, and, in extension, even the infrastructure that exists to physically connect individuals to their healthcare provider. Failing to ensure parity across each of these components for every citizen equates to a discriminatory healthcare system which fails to recognise the individual’s basic human right to “a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of themselves and of their family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services” (Article 25- Universal Declaration of Human Rights). To ensure NTDs are managed in a way that is sustainable in the long term, the underlying societal inequalities which allow them to persist must be first understood.
Postpartum Maternal Tethering: A Bioethics of Early Motherhood
Authors: Mason Katherine A.
Published: March 2021

We must reconceive the ethical relationship between mothers and their newborn babies. The intertwinement of mother and baby does not disappear with birth but rather persists in the form of postpartum maternal tethering. Drawing upon three years of ethnographic fieldwork and training in the United States and China, I argue that dependencies associated with postpartum maternal tethering make it extremely difficult for postpartum mothers to act autonomously, even in the relational sense. Breaching this tether opens up new possibilities for thinking about the bioethics of vulnerability, dependency, and care by denaturalizing and desanctifying the mother-baby relationship and diversifying newborn care.
Contextuality, Bioethics, and the Nature of Philosophy: Reflections on Murdoch, Diamond, Walker, and the Groningen Approach
Authors: Hämäläinen Nora
Published: March 2021

Beginning with Barry Hoffmaster’s charge that we reclaim bioethics from the moral philosopher’s top-down theorizing, I discuss two moral philosophy contexts that offer resources for the kind of complex attention Hoffmaster demands: Iris Murdoch and Cora Diamond in moral philosophy and Margaret Urban Walker, Hilde Lindeman, and Marian Verkerk’s joint take on bioethics. My aim is: 1) to dispel a simplified notion of philosophy in bioethics; 2) to unite two strands of philosophy, which converge on important issues relevant to contemporary bioethics; and 3) to explore these strands in terms of enabling, maieutic work on our ethical points of departure.
Contemporary Challenges for Veterinary Medical Education: Examining the State of Inter-Professional Education in Veterinary Medicine
Authors: Estrada Amara H. , Samper Juan , Stefanou Candice , Blue Amy
Published: March 2021

Educational training in professional programs forms the foundation for how a person problem-solves throughout their career. However, training focused on only one profession ignores the value realized through collaborations among multiple professions for solving health-related problems. This is at the core of inter-professional education (IPE). Effective IPE programs can result in inter-professional collaboration and translation science endeavors across the health sciences and beyond. Recent events such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the opioid crisis highlight the importance of veterinary medicine in advancing One Health through IPE. The prevalence of IPE programs in veterinary curricula, and the process by which these have been established, has not been widely described in the literature. Through an 18-question survey sent to associate deans (ADs) of 50 veterinary schools, we sought to determine the status of IPE in the veterinary curriculum. Thirty-nine schools agreed to participate, representing primarily United States Doctor of Veterinary Medicine public and private programs with some representation from Canadian, United Kingdom, and Australasian programs. Schools that provide IPE courses developed their programs in collaboration with other health sciences programs across the 4-year curriculum. The perceived barriers for IPE offerings were no different between schools with or without opportunities; however, a lack of faculty and student-perceived value and lack of adequate space in the academic schedule were common threads. Our findings provide a snapshot of the current state of IPE in veterinary medical curricula, with a particular emphasis on the United States, and point to areas of programmatic need for the field.
Design and Validation of a Simulator for Feline Cephalic Vein Cannulation—A Pilot Study
Authors: Silva Lidiane J. , Cordeiro Carolina T. , Cruz Matheus B. , Oliveira Simone T.
Published: March 2021

In recent years there has been an increased use of alternative methods for teaching veterinary clinical skills, since ethical considerations preclude the use of live animals for demonstration or practice of many procedures. Skills training on cats (i.e., feline venipuncture) is a particularly challenging area. This study aimed to develop a simulator for cephalic venipuncture in cats and to validate this simulator using questionnaires answered by undergraduate students and experienced veterinarians. The simulator was developed to provide an experience that was close to reality, including an artificial blood system that flows through the catheter when venipuncture is correctly performed, while at the same time using simple methodology and accessible materials so that it could be reproduced in other universities. The experienced vets agreed (44.4%) or strongly agreed (55.6%) that the simulator was good for venipuncture training, and the most useful feature was the experience of catheter manipulation and fixation on the cat’s limb. All the students agreed that the practical class with the simulator was important for learning this skill. Both groups (students and experienced veterinarians) unanimously agreed that it is important to train using a simulator before trying the procedure on a live cat. This simulator offers undergraduate students an alternative way to learn and practice venipuncture in cats helping to reduce the use of live animals in practical classes.
ПЛЕОНАЗМЫ И ТАВТОЛОГИИ В РОМАНЕ WOJNA POLSKO-RUSKA POD FLAGĄ BIAŁO-CZERWONĄ ДОРОТЫ МАСЛОВСКОЙ И ИХ ПЕРЕВОД НА РУССКИЙ ЯЗЫК
Authors: Orzechowska Joanna
Published: March 2021

Pleonasms and tautologies constitute a distinguishing feature of Wojna polsko-ruska pod flagą biało-czerwoną. This type of repetitions functions as linguistic jokes and describes characters of the novel. The translator into Russian followed various strategies when dealing with pleonasms and tautologies. However, only some of them maintained their pleonastic character, while others were ‘corrected’ in line with the rules of modern Russian. The overtone of some elements was neutralised, yet the translator strengthened some pleonasms, duplicating the repetitious elements. It can be said that lack of consistency when translating pleonasms and tautologies shows that the translator did not understand their role in Masłowska’s text. Despite the translator’s declarations that she aimed at keeping the novel’s linguistic humour, in a number of instances it has been lost.
PIOTRA DUBROWSKIEGO ZWIĄZKI Z POLSKĄ (Z ZAWARTOŚCI I O ZAWARTOŚCI WYBRANYCH CZASOPISM POLSKICH ORAZ ROSYJSKICH POŁOWY XIX WIEKU)
Authors: Dąbrowska Magdalena
Published: March 2021

The 19th century witnessed a gradual development of Polish-Russian and Russian-Polish cultural and scientific relations in the domain of the periodical press. One of the major representatives of the Slavic studies in the 19th century was Peter Pavlovich Dubrovsky (1812-1882), the author of the first book about Adam Mickiewicz, translator, literary scholar and linguist, editor of the periodical “Jutrzenka. Diennica” (1842--1843) published in Russian and Polish, with the motto: Slavus sum, nihil slavici a me alienum esse puto. “Jutrzenka. Diennica” is presented in the context of two 19th century periodicals: 1. Russian (“Literaturnaya gazeta”), 2. Polish (“Biblioteka Warszawska”). Most attention is paid to the preface to “Jutrzenka. Diennica” and Dubrovsky’s reviews of the almanac “Pierwiosnek” by Paulina Krakowowa (“Literaturnaya gazeta”, 1840).
OBLICZA MULTIKULTURALIZMU POGRANICZA (NATALKA BABINA, MIASTO RYB)
Authors: Zywert Aleksandra
Published: March 2021

The novel The Town of Fish (Рыбiн горад, 2007) by Natalia Babina is an extraordinary work within contemporary Belarusian literature due to both its content and formal characteristics. It is an eclectic text, which includes elements of the action and detective novel, fantasy, the novel of manners, and even the reportage. The story of the main character is a mere pretext for contemplating some aspects and condition of modern Belarus as well as identity issues of its inhabitants (especially from the borderland).In this context, Babina’s novel, despite its fantastic and entertaining layers, is a significant voice in the discussion concerning the dimensions of modern multiculturalism devoid of “divisions into majorities and minorities, the familiar and the other, the better and the worse”.
Расширение границ синонимического ряда в сознании носителей русского и польского языков (на примере лексем «жизнь» и «życie»)
Authors: Деева Наталья Валерьевна
Published: March 2021

This article analyzes the borders of synonyms of the Russian and Polish lexeme “life” in the ordinary consciousness of native speakers. The analysis of theresults of interviews, as well as the electronic dictionary of synonyms, which is formedby the users themselves, demonstrate that in the consciousness of native speakersthere are broader synonymic groups compared with those that are fixed in traditionaldictionaries. Synonymic groups which are proposed by native speakers show that themain criterion for establishing the proximity of the meaning of words for a person isthe ability to correlate on the basis of identity, similarity or inclusion certain fragmentsof reality denoted by these lexemes. The synonymy of sеnse, rather than of meanings,is the determining factor for the native speaker in the formation of a synonymic group
Текстовые соответствия русского модального слова конечно в английском языке
Authors: Puk Maria
Published: March 2021

This article analyzes the Russian modal exponent конечно expressing the speaker’s commitment to the truth of the proposition and its English translational equivalents. Some of the equivalents lower the level of epistemic modality, e.g., possibly, perhapsand might convey possibility and most probably, I suppose, I expect and I bet denote probability. Owing to such translational solutions, the translated sentences evoke a dif- ferent set of associations in the target language. The sentences with the omitted marker of epistemic modality constitute a great number of examples in English.
IWAN ŁOBOJKO W POLSKIM ŚRODOWISKU NAUKOWYM (DWA PODEJŚCIA DO TEMATU NA PODSTAWIE WSPOMNIEŃ)
Authors: Dąbrowska Magdalena
Published: March 2021

This paper consists of three parts: 1. The current state of research on Ivan Lobojko’s memoirs (comments of Samuel Fishman, Abram Reytblat, Marya Prussak, Reda Gruskaite); 2. The biography of Ivan Lobojko (born 1786 in Charkov, died 1861 in Mitau) and his contacts with Polish scientists (the community of Vilnius University, Samuel Bogumił Linde, Joachim Lelewel and others); 3. Two approaches to the subject “Ivan Lobojko in the Polish scientific community on the basis of his memoirs” (I. Lobojko, Moi vospominaniya. Moi zapiski, ed. A.I. Rejtblat, Moscow 2013): a) the “external” method – “The Poles about Lobojko”, a comparison of Lobojko’s memoirs and Poles’ memoires (A.H. Kirkor, A. Malinowski, T. Dobszewicz), b) the “internal” method – “Lobojko about the Poles”, a reconstruction of the profiles of Polish scientists in Lobojko’s memoirs (Zorian Dołęga Chodakowski and others).
ИНТЕРТЕКСТУАЛЬНЫЙ И СОЦИОКУЛЬТУРНЫЙ КОНТЕКСТ ДИЛОГИИ ЮРИЯ БРЕЗАНА O КРАБАТЕ
Authors: Шарыпина Татьяна Александровна
Published: March 2021

This article analyzes intertextual references and the transformation of pan-European mythological motifs and images in J. Brězan’s dilogy novel about Krabat. It is concluded that the era of globalization as well as the German reunification make German writers search for new artistic ways of embodying traditional ontological conflicts in literary texts. This actualizes the usage of postmodern poetics’ principles, and also leads to a synthesis of juxtaposed biblical, historical, fable and mythological motifs and images within one piece of literature, a mode of writing untypical in the past.
“THEY ALL KNOW WHAT I AM”: LITERARY REPRESENTATIONS OF WOMEN AND ALCOHOL
Authors: Klepuszewski Wojciech
Published: March 2021

Drink literature is something which has been drawing critical attention for a few decades. This is most transparent in the number of studies concerning various attempts to literarise alcohol, in whatever form or genre. What is immediately striking, though, is that most literary works fitting this thematic context are written by male writers, to mention Malcolm Lowry or Charles Jackson, and they usually feature male protagonists. Women seem to be inconspicuous here, both as authors and as literary characters, the latter usually limited to marginal figures who are victims of male drunkenness. This article targets the ‘neglected’ gender in the fictional representations of alcohol by briefly surveying the motif in the literature written on the British Isles and then focusing on two women writers, Jean Rhys and A.L. Kennedy.