bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A fish-parasite sentinel system in an assessment of the spatial distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls
Authors: Oros Mikuláš , Barčák Daniel , Miklisová Dana , Uhrovič Dalibor , Brázová Tímea
Published: March 2023

The spatial distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), in the Zemplínska Šírava water reservoir and adjacent tributaries in the Bodrog River Basin were investigated using a fish-parasite sentinel system. PCB concentrations were detected in various fish matrices (dorsal and abdominal muscles, liver and intestine) of the Wels catfish (Silurus glanis) and its intestinal cestode Glanitaenia osculata. PCB concentrations in the fish from the water reservoir, located closest to the chemical plant, the primary source of the PCB pollution, were the highest. The analysis of these contaminants in catfish matrices showed the highest concentrations in the abdominal muscle, followed by the dorsal muscle, liver and intestine. Concentrations of ∑PCBs exceeding the limits for food set by European regulations were measured in the muscle tissue of catfish at all sites, even in the Bodrog River, 60 km away from the primary source of contamination, posing a significant risk to humans in the Zemplín region. For the first time, the ability of cestode G. osculata to accumulate higher amounts of PCBs compared to fish matrices has been demonstrated. Due to the enormous ability of the parasites to accumulate PCBs, we recommend this approach for alternative biomonitoring of PCBs in contaminated aquatic environments.
When familiarity not novelty motivates information-seeking behaviour
Authors: Brooks Gregory , Whitehead Hannah , Kӧhler Stefan
Published: March 2023

Research has established that novelty motivates information-seeking behaviour in many situations. While novelty preferences have been well-studied, an understanding of conditions under which familiarity trumps novelty remains limited. Recent work has revealed that when a metacognitive experience indicates that unsuccessfully recalled information may still be available, a subsequent tendency to seek out unrecalled familiar information can emerge. We conducted three experiments to identify critical factors that determine when familiarity preferences can be observed. Experiment 1 demonstrated the critical role of a recent unsuccessful recall attempt in inducing such a preference. Experiment 2 revealed that the impact of recall attempts is not limited to situations that follow unsuccessful recall, as a familiarity preference was observed even when information was successfully generated. Experiment 3 showed that the level of confidence in the accuracy of any recalled information is a key factor, with moderate levels of confidence leading to the strongest subsequent familiarity preference. Together, our results suggest that novelty preferences in information-seeking are not ubiquitous, as specific situational demands including recent attempted memory retrieval, as well as metacognitive retrieval experiences, can induce familiarity preferences. Our findings can be interpreted within theoretical frameworks that emphasize the role of knowledge gaps as driving factors of information-seeking.
Preclinical development of a first-in-class vaccine encoding HER2, Brachyury and CD40L for antibody enhanced tumor eradication
Authors: Hinterberger Maria , Endt Kathrin , Bathke Barbara , Habjan Matthias , Heiseke Alexander , Schweneker Marc , Von Rohrscheidt Julia , Atay Cigdem , Chaplin Paul , Kalla Markus , Hausmann Jürgen , Schmittwolf Carolin , Lauterbach Henning , Volkmann Ariane , Hochrein Hubertus , Medina-Echeverz José
Published: March 2023

The induction of antiviral innate immunity by systemic immunization with live virus can be employed to positively impact the response to therapeutic vaccination. We previously demonstrated that systemic immunization with a non-replicating MVA encoding CD40 ligand (CD40L) enhances innate immune cell activation and function, and triggers potent antitumor CD8+ T cell responses in different murine tumor models. Antitumor efficacy was increased when combined with tumor targeting antibodies. Here we report the development of TAEK-VAC-HerBy (TVH), a first-in-class human tumor antibody enhanced killing (TAEK) vaccine based on the non-replicating MVA-BN viral vector. It encodes the membrane bound form of human CD40L, HER2 and the transcription factor Brachyury. TVH is designed for therapeutic use in HER2- or Brachyury-expressing cancer patients in combination with tumor targeting antibodies. To preclude possible oncogenic activities in infected cells and to prevent binding of vaccine-encoded HER2 by monoclonal antibodies trastuzumab and pertuzumab, genetic modifications of HER2 were introduced in the vaccine. Brachyury was genetically modified to prevent nuclear localization of the protein thereby inhibiting its transcriptional activity. CD40L encoded in TVH enhanced human leukocyte activation and cytokine secretion in vitro. Lastly, TVH intravenous administration to non-human primates was proven immunogenic and safe in a repeat-dose toxicity study. Nonclinical data presented here highlight TVH as a first-in-class immunotherapeutic vaccine platform currently under clinical investigation.
NEIL3-mediated proteasomal degradation facilitates the repair of cisplatin-induced DNA damage in human cells
Authors: Aliyaskarova Umit , Baiken Yeldar , Renaud Flore , Couve Sophie , Kisselev Alexei F. , Saparbaev Murat , Groisman Regina
Published: March 2023

Anti-neoplastic effect of DNA cross-linking agents such as cisplatin, mitomycin C, and psoralen is attributed to their ability to induce DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs), which block replication, transcription, and linear repair pathways by preventing DNA strand separation and trigger apoptosis. It is generally agreed that the Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway orchestrates the removal of ICLs by the combined actions of various DNA repair pathways. Recently, attention has been focused on the ability of the NEIL3-initiated base excision repair pathway to resolve psoralen- and abasic site-induced ICLs in an FA-independent manner. Intriguingly, overexpression of NEIL3 is associated with chemo-resistance and poor prognosis in many solid tumors. Here, using loss- and gain-of-function approaches, we demonstrate that NEIL3 confers resistance to cisplatin and participates in the removal of cisplatin–DNA adducts. Proteomic studies reveal that the NEIL3 protein interacts with the 26S proteasome in a cisplatin-dependent manner. NEIL3 mediates proteasomal degradation of WRNIP1, a protein involved in the early step of ICL repair. We propose that NEIL3 participates in the repair of ICL-stalled replication fork by recruitment of the proteasome to ensure a timely transition from lesion recognition to repair via the degradation of early-step vanguard proteins.
Simultaneous isotopic analysis of fission product Sr, Mo, and Ru in spent nuclear fuel particles by resonance ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Savina Michael R. , Isselhardt Brett H. , Shulaker Danielle Z. , Robel Martin , Conant Andrew J. , Ade Brian J.
Published: March 2023

Fission product Sr, Mo, and Ru isotopes in six 10-μm particles of spent fuel from a pressurized water reactor were analyzed by resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS) and evaluated for utility in nuclear material characterization. Previous measurements on these same samples showed widely varying U, Pu, and Am isotopic compositions owing to the samples’ differing irradiation environments within the reactor. This is also seen in Mo and Ru isotopes, which have the added complication of exsolution from the UO2 fuel matrix. This variability is a hindrance to interpreting data from a collection of particles with incomplete provenance since it is not always possible to assign particles to the same batch of fuel based on isotopic analyses alone. In contrast, the measured 90Sr/88Sr ratios were indistinguishable across all samples. Strontium isotopic analysis can therefore be used to connect samples with otherwise disparate isotopic compositions, allowing them to be grouped appropriately for interpretation. Strontium isotopic analysis also provides a robust chronometer for determining the time since fuel irradiation. Because of the very high sensitivity of RIMS, only a small fraction of material in each of the 10 μm samples was consumed, leaving the vast majority still available for other analyses.
Shared mental representations underlie metaphorical sound concepts
Authors: Rosi Victor , Arias Sarah Pablo , Houix Olivier , Misdariis Nicolas , Susini Patrick
Published: March 2023

Communication between sound and music experts is based on the shared understanding of a metaphorical vocabulary derived from other sensory modalities. Yet, the impact of sound expertise on the mental representation of these sound concepts remains blurry. To address this issue, we investigated the acoustic portraits of four metaphorical sound concepts (brightness, warmth, roundness, and roughness) in three groups of participants (sound engineers, conductors, and non-experts). Participants (N = 24) rated a corpus of orchestral instrument sounds (N = 520) using Best–Worst Scaling. With this data-driven method, we sorted the sound corpus for each concept and population. We compared the population ratings and ran machine learning algorithms to unveil the acoustic portraits of each concept. Overall, the results revealed that sound engineers were the most consistent. We found that roughness is widely shared while brightness is expertise dependent. The frequent use of brightness by expert populations suggests that its meaning got specified through sound expertise. As for roundness and warmth, it seems that the importance of pitch and noise in their acoustic definition is the key to distinguishing them. These results provide crucial information on the mental representations of a metaphorical vocabulary of sound and whether it is shared or refined by sound expertise.
The best location for the application of static magnetic fields based on biokinetic coefficients in complete-mix activated sludge process
Authors: Asgari Ghorban , Seid-Mohammadi Abdolmotaleb , Shokoohi Reza , Samarghandi Mohammad Reza , Diger Glen T. , Malekolkalami Behrooz , Khoshniyat Ramin
Published: March 2023

The use of the kinetic coefficients for the mathematical expression of the biochemical processes and the relationship between the effective parameters is importance. Change of the biokinetic coefficients in the complete-mix activated sludge processes were calculated for 1 month operation of the activated sludge model (ASM) in a Lab-scale in three series. 15 mT intensity of static magnetic fields (SMFs) applied on the aeration reactor (ASM 1), clarifier reactor (ASM 2) and, sludge returning systems (ASM 3) for 1 h, daily. During the operation of the systems, five basic biokinetic coefficients such as maximum specific substrate utilization rate (k), heterotrophic half-saturation substrate concentration (Ks), decay coefficient (kd), yield coefficient (Y) and, maximum specific microbial growth rate (μmax) were determined. The rate ofk(g COD/g Cells.d) in ASM 1 was 2.69% and, 22.79% higher than ASM 2 and, ASM 3. The value ofKs(mg COD/L) was 54.44 and, 71.13 (mg/L) lower than the ASM 2 and, ASM 3. The rate ofkdASM 1, ASM 2 and, ASM 3 was 0.070, 0.054 and, 0.516 (d−1). The value ofY(kg VSS/kg COD) in ASM 1 was 0.58% and, 0.48% lower than ASM 2 and, ASM 3. The rate ofμmax(d−1) in ASM 1 was 0.197, this value for ASM 2 and ASM 3 were 0.324 and 0.309 (d−1). Related to the biokinetic coefficients analyses the best location for the application of 15 mT SMFs was the aeration reactor, where the present of oxygen, substrate and, SMFs have the greatest impact on the positive changes of these coefficients.
Bacteria, yeasts, and fungi associated with larval food of Brazilian native stingless bees
Authors: Santos Ana Carolina Costa , Borges Luiza Diniz Ferreira , Rocha Nina Dias Coelho , de Carvalho Azevedo Vasco Ariston , Bonetti Ana Maria , dos Santos Anderson Rodrigues , da Rocha Fernandes Gabriel , Dantas Raquel Cristina Cavalcanti , Ueira-Vieira Carlos
Published: March 2023

Stingless bees are a diverse group with a relevant role in pollinating native species. Its diet is rich in carbohydrates and proteins, by collecting pollen and nectar supplies the development of its offspring. Fermentation of these products is associated with microorganisms in the colony. However, the composition of microorganisms that comprise this microbiome and its fundamental role in colony development is still unclear. To characterize the colonizing microorganisms of larval food in the brood cells of stingless bees Frieseomelitta varia, Melipona quadrifasciata, Melipona scutellaris, and Tetragonisca angustula, we have utilized molecular and culture-based techniques. Bacteria of the phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and fungi of the phyla Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Mucoromycota, and Mortierellomycota were found. Diversity analysis showed that F. varia had a greater diversity of bacteria in its microbiota, and T. angustula had a greater diversity of fungi. The isolation technique allowed the identification of 189 bacteria and 75 fungi. In summary, this research showed bacteria and fungi associated with the species F. varia, M. quadrifasciata, M. scutellaris, and T. angustula, which may play an essential role in the survival of these organisms. Besides that, a biobank with bacteria and fungus isolates from LF of Brazilian stingless bees was created, which can be used for different studies and the prospection of biotechnology compounds.
Compact and automated eDNA sampler for in situ monitoring of marine environments
Authors: Hendricks Andre , Mackie Connor M. , Luy Edward , Sonnichsen Colin , Smith James , Grundke Iain , Tavasoli Mahtab , Furlong Arnold , Beiko Robert G. , LaRoche Julie , Sieben Vincent
Published: March 2023

Using environmental DNA (eDNA) to monitor biodiversity in aquatic environments is becoming an efficient and cost-effective alternative to other methods such as visual and acoustic identification. Until recently, eDNA sampling was accomplished primarily through manual sampling methods; however, with technological advances, automated samplers are being developed to make sampling easier and more accessible. This paper describes a new eDNA sampler capable of self-cleaning and multi-sample capture and preservation, all within a single unit capable of being deployed by a single person. The first in-field test of this sampler took place in the Bedford Basin, Nova Scotia, Canada alongside parallel samples taken using the typical Niskin bottle collection and post-collection filtration method. Both methods were able to capture the same aquatic microbial community and counts of representative DNA sequences were well correlated between methods with R$$^{2}$$

2

values ranging from 0.71–0.93. The two collection methods returned the same top 10 families in near identical relative abundance, demonstrating that the sampler was able to capture the same community composition of common microbes as the Niskin. The presented eDNA sampler provides a robust alternative to manual sampling methods, is amenable to autonomous vehicle payload constraints, and will facilitate persistent monitoring of remote and inaccessible sites.
Synthesis and physicochemical characterization of acyl myricetins as potential anti-neuroexocytotic agents
Authors: Cho Sora , Kong Byoungjae , Jung Younghun , Shin Jonghyeok , Park Myungseo , Chung Woo-Jae , Ban Choongjin , Kweon Dae-Hyuk
Published: March 2023

Acyl myricetins (monopropionyl-, dipropionyl-, and monooctanoyl-myricetin, termed as MP1, MP2, and MO1, respectively) were synthesized through enzymatic or non-enzymatic esterification reaction of myricetin aglycone. Structure study indicated the hydroxyl group at C4′ in B-ring was highly susceptible to acylation. Over its parental myricetin, acylated compounds showed enhanced lipophilicity (from 7.4- to 26.3-fold) and oxidative stability (from 1.9- to 3.1-fold) on the basis of logP and decay rate, respectively. MO1, presenting the physicochemical superiority compared to the others, provided lowest EC50 value of 2.51 μM on inhibition of neutrotransmitter release and CC50 value of 59.0 μM, leading to widest therapeutic window. All myricetin esters did not show any irritation toxicity when assessed with a chicken embryo assay. This study describes information on acylation of myricetin that has not yet been explored, and suggests that MO1 has membrane fusion-arresting and anti-neuroexocytotic potential for industrial application due to its enhanced biological properties.
p130Cas is required for androgen-dependent postnatal development regulation of submandibular glands
Authors: Gao Jing , Li Aonan , Fujii Shinsuke , Huang Fei , Nakatomi Chihiro , Nakamura Ichiro , Honda Hiroaki , Kiyoshima Tamotsu , Jimi Eijiro
Published: March 2023

Salivary glands develop through epithelial-mesenchymal interactions and are formed through repeated branching. The Crk-associated substrate protein (p130Cas) serves as an adapter that forms a complex with various proteins via integrin and growth factor signaling, with important regulatory roles in several essential cellular processes. We found that p130Cas is expressed in ductal epithelial cells of the submandibular gland (SMG). We generated epithelial tissue-specific p130Cas-deficient (p130CasΔepi–) mice and aimed to investigate the physiological role of p130Cas in the postnatal development of salivary glands. Histological analysis showed immature development of granular convoluted tubules (GCT) of the SMG in male p130CasΔepi– mice. Immunofluorescence staining showed that nuclear-localized androgen receptors (AR) were specifically decreased in GCT cells in p130CasΔepi– mice. Furthermore, epidermal growth factor-positive secretory granules contained in GCT cells were significantly reduced in p130CasΔepi– mice with downregulated AR signaling. GCTs lacking p130Cas showed reduced numbers and size of secretory granules, disrupted subcellular localization of the cis-Golgi matrix protein GM130, and sparse endoplasmic reticulum membranes in GCT cells. These results suggest that p130Cas plays a crucial role in androgen-dependent GCT development accompanied with ER-Golgi network formation in SMG by regulating the AR signaling.
Comparative genomic analysis of Colistin resistant Escherichia coli isolated from pigs, a human and wastewater on colistin withdrawn pig farm
Authors: Khine Nwai Oo , Wongsurawat Thidathip , Jenjaroenpun Piroon , Hampson David J. , Prapasarakul Nuvee
Published: March 2023

In this study, genomic and plasmid characteristics of Escherichia coli were determined with the aim of deducing how mcr genes may have spread on a colistin withdrawn pig farm. Whole genome hybrid sequencing was applied to six mcr-positive E. coli (MCRPE) strains isolated from pigs, a farmworker and wastewater collected between 2017 and 2019. Among these, mcr-1.1 genes were identified on IncI2 plasmids from a pig and wastewater, and on IncX4 from the human isolate, whereas mcr-3 genes were found on plasmids IncFII and IncHI2 in two porcine strains. The MCRPE isolates exhibited genotypic and phenotypic multidrug resistance (MDR) traits as well as heavy metal and antiseptic resistance genes. The mcr-1.1-IncI2 and IncX4 plasmids carried only colistin resistance genes. Whereas, the mcr-3.5-IncHI2 plasmid presented MDR region, with several mobile genetic elements. Despite the MCRPE strains belonged to different E. coli lineages, mcr-carrying plasmids with high similarities were found in isolates from pigs and wastewater recovered in different years. This study highlighted that several factors, including the resistomic profile of the host bacteria, co-selection via adjunct antibiotic resistance genes, antiseptics, and/or disinfectants, and plasmid-host fitness adaptation may encourage the maintenance of plasmids carrying mcr genes in E. coli.
Evolving regulatory perspectives on digital health technologies for medicinal product development
Authors: Colloud Seya , Metcalfe Thomas , Askin Scott , Belachew Shibeshih , Ammann Johannes , Bos Ernst , Kilchenmann Timothy , Strijbos Paul , Eggenspieler Damien , Servais Laurent , Garay Chloé , Konstantakopoulos Athanasios , Ritzhaupt Armin , Vetter Thorsten , Vincenzi Claudia , Cerreta Francesca
Published: March 2023

Digital health technology tools (DHTTs) present real opportunities for accelerating innovation, improving patient care, reducing clinical trial duration and minimising risk in medicines development. This review is comprised of four case studies of DHTTs used throughout the lifecycle of medicinal products, starting from their development. These cases illustrate how the regulatory requirements of DHTTs used in medicines development are based on two European regulatory frameworks (medical device and the medicinal product regulations) and highlight the need for increased collaboration between various stakeholders, including regulators (medicines regulators and device bodies), pharmaceutical sponsors, manufacturers of devices and software, and academia. As illustrated in the examples, the complexity of the interactions is further increased by unique challenges related to DHTTs. These case studies are the main examples of DHTTs with a regulatory assessment thus far, providing an insight into the applicable current regulatory approach; they were selected by a group of authors, including regulatory specialists from pharmaceutical sponsors, technology experts, academic researchers and employees of the European Medicines Agency. For each case study, the challenges faced by sponsors and proposed potential solutions are discussed, and the benefit of a structured interaction among the different stakeholders is also highlighted.
High night-to-night variability in sleep apnea severity is associated with uncontrolled hypertension
Authors: Lechat Bastien , Loffler Kelly A. , Reynolds Amy C. , Naik Ganesh , Vakulin Andrew , Jennings Garry , Escourrou Pierre , McEvoy R. Doug , Adams Robert J. , Catcheside Peter G. , Eckert Danny J.
Published: March 2023

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity can vary markedly from night-to-night. However, the impact of night-to-night variability in OSA severity on key cardiovascular outcomes such as hypertension is unknown. Thus, the primary aim of this study is to determine the effects of night-to-night variability in OSA severity on hypertension likelihood. This study uses in-home monitoring of 15,526 adults with ~180 nights per participant with an under-mattress sleep sensor device, plus ~30 repeat blood pressure measures. OSA severity is defined from the mean estimated apnea–hypopnoea index (AHI) over the ~6-month recording period for each participant. Night-to-night variability in severity is determined from the standard deviation of the estimated AHI across recording nights. Uncontrolled hypertension is defined as mean systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or mean diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg. Regression analyses are performed adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index. A total of 12,287 participants (12% female) are included in the analyses. Participants in the highest night-to-night variability quartile within each OSA severity category, have a 50–70% increase in uncontrolled hypertension likelihood versus the lowest variability quartile, independent of OSA severity. This study demonstrates that high night-to-night variability in OSA severity is a predictor of uncontrolled hypertension, independent of OSA severity. These findings have important implications for the identification of which OSA patients are most at risk of cardiovascular harm.
Mycorrhizas drive the evolution of plant adaptation to drought
Authors: Cosme Marco
Published: March 2023

Plant adaptation to drought facilitates major ecological transitions, and will likely play a vital role under looming climate change. Mycorrhizas, i.e. strategic associations between plant roots and soil-borne symbiotic fungi, can exert strong influence on the tolerance to drought of extant plants. Here, I show how mycorrhizal strategy and drought adaptation have been shaping one another throughout the course of plant evolution. To characterize the evolutions of both plant characters, I applied a phylogenetic comparative method using data of 1,638 extant species globally distributed. The detected correlated evolution unveiled gains and losses of drought tolerance occurring at faster rates in lineages with ecto- or ericoid mycorrhizas, which were on average about 15 and 300 times faster than in lineages with the arbuscular mycorrhizal and naked root (non-mycorrhizal alone or with facultatively arbuscular mycorrhizal) strategy, respectively. My study suggests that mycorrhizas can play a key facilitator role in the evolutionary processes of plant adaptation to critical changes in water availability across global climates.
Spaceborne LiDAR reveals the effectiveness of European Protected Areas in conserving forest height and vertical structure
Authors: Ceccherini Guido , Girardello Marco , Beck Pieter S. A. , Migliavacca Mirco , Duveiller Gregory , Dubois Grégoire , Avitabile Valerio , Battistella Luca , Barredo José I. , Cescatti Alessandro
Published: March 2023

The effectiveness of Protected Areas in conserving forest ecosystems has been examined at the continental scale using area-based habitat parameters, but knowledge of the three-dimensional structure of forest habitats is still lacking. Here, we assess the effectiveness of European Protected Areas in conserving the vertical structure of forests by analysing more than 30 million records from the Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI), a spaceborne LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) mission. We compare a suite of indicators of the vertical structure of forests inside and outside nearly 10,000 protected areas. We find that European forests are on average 2 m taller and vertically more complex in protected areas than in nearby unprotected areas, albeit with some regional differences. At the same time, forests outside protected areas show greater variations in canopy height than inside, probably as a result of past and current forest management operations. Our findings highlight the positive imprint of environmental policies on forest structure across Europe and underscore how spaceborne LiDAR enables the large-scale monitoring of forest vertical structural attributes that are key to conservation and restoration policies.
Constructing a new platform for photo-peroxidase catalysis: ZIF-90 as a dual ‘modulator’ to overcome peroxide industrial application bottlenecks
Authors: Li Ke-Xin , Guan Guo-Wei , Pei Ling-Min , Yang Qing-Yuan
Published: March 2023

A new generation of photo-enzyme-catalyzed reaction platforms was designed and created. Photoperoxidase cascade reactions can be driven by using this platform in the visible light range of λ > 420 nm without needing noble metals.
Three-dimensional N-doped mesoporous carbon–MXene hybrid architecture for supercapacitor applications
Authors: Enaiet Allah Abeer
Published: March 2023

NMC@MXene exhibits excellent rate capability as electrode material for supercapacitors.
Heterostructure iron selenide/cobalt phosphide films grown on nickel foam for oxygen evolution
Authors: Liu Shuling , Xing Yichuang , Zhou Zixiang , Yang Yifan , Li Yvpei , Xiao Xuechun , Wang Chao
Published: March 2023

Amorphous FeSe/crystalline Co2P heterostructures constructed on Ni foams induce charge redistribution and facilitate OER dynamics.
Efficiency enhancement of CZTSe solar cells based on in situ K-doped precursor
Authors: Tao Shengye , Dong Liangzheng , Han Junsu , Wang Yafei , Gong Qianming , Wei Jinquan , Zhao Ming , Zhuang Daming
Published: March 2023

High FF: in situ K-doped precursors make large-grain and void-free absorbers. The doping-enhanced Sn diffusion eliminates the local content vibration, suppresses deep level defects, and to higher cell efficiency with greatly improved FF.
Isolation of biofluids from tissues using a vacuum-assisted filtration biomedical device
Authors: Yang Arthur , Zhou Yufeng , Hardy John , Fu Shiqing , Wang Yuan , Zhang Li , Wu Zhen , Zhang Xumin , Wu Ci , Ma Junfeng , Zhou Zeyang , Yang Xiaodong , Yang Shuang
Published: March 2023

Schematic of the FluidXtractor for separation of biological fluids from tissue by vacuum-assisted filtration. Molecular biomarkers of dried tissue and biological fluids can be studied separately.
Evaluating metal oxide support effects on the RWGS activity of Mo2C catalysts
Authors: Holder Cameron F. , Morse James R. , Barboun Patrick M. , Shabaev Andrew R. , Baldwin Jeffrey W. , Willauer Heather D.
Published: March 2023

Mo2C supported on nonreducible metal oxides shows increased activity for the reverse water gas shift reaction compared to reducible oxides.
The effect of N-vacancy on the photocatalytic activity of graphitic carbon nitride in the oxidative Mannich reaction
Authors: Kubanaliev Temirlan , Eroglu Zafer , Ozer Melek Sermin , Metin Önder
Published: March 2023

N-vacancy g-CN was used in Mannich oxidative reaction as a photocatalyst, having mid-gap states that enhance reaction kinetics. This facile photocatalyst enabled successful formation of challenging THIQ with EWG and chemo-selectivity on C–C bond.
CoP decorated 2D/2D red phosphorus/B doped g-C3N4 type II heterojunction for boosted pure water splitting activity via the two-electron pathway
Authors: Guo Zhiqi , Tian Yao , Dou Guangjin , Wang Ye , He Jiaping , Song Hao
Published: March 2023

CoP decorated 2D/2D red phosphorus/B doped g-C3N4 heterojunction enabled photocatalytic pure water splitting to produce H2 with a two-electron process.
Encapsulation of essential oils using hemp protein isolate–gum Arabic complex coacervates and evaluation of the capsules
Authors: Liu Xinye , Xue Feng , Adhikari Benu
Published: March 2023

Complex coacervates of hemp protein isolate and gum Arabic were prepared. These complex coacervates were used to encapsulate essential oils (EOs). The nature of the EO affected the physical properties, structure and bioactives of capsules.
LARP-assisted synthesis of CsBi3I10 perovskite for efficient lead-free solar cells
Authors: Vijaya Subbiah , Subbiah Jegadesan , Jones David J. , Anandan Sambandam
Published: March 2023

The LARP (ligand-assisted re-precipitation) approach to synthesizing highly efficient Bi-based perovskites (CsBi3I10) gives a photocurrent conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.3% using the device architecture of ITO/NiOx/perovskite layer/PC61BM/BCP/Ag.
Synthesis of 3-substituted 2,3-dihydropyrazino[1,2-a]indol-4(1H)-ones by sequential reactions of 2-indolylmethyl acetates with α-amino acids
Authors: Goggiamani Antonella , Arcadi Antonio , Ciogli Alessia , De Angelis Martina , Dessalvi Stefano , Fabrizi Giancarlo , Iavarone Federica , Iazzetti Antonia , Sferrazza Alessio , Zoppoli Roberta
Published: March 2023

The synthesis of 2,3-dihydropyrazino[1,2-a]indol-4(1H)-ones through thein situgeneration of 2-methide-2H-indole intermediate I starting from 2-indolylmethyl acetates under basic conditions/nucleophilic Michael addition/cyclization cascade reaction.
TME-triggered copper-coordinated engineered programmable nanogenerators for on-demand cascade-amplifying oxidative stress
Authors: Huang Lingling , Wu Feng , Wang Qiuli , Meng Jiahao , Feng Juan , Su Guanghao , Yi Xue , Li Ying , Li Jin-Yao , Hou Zhenqing , Fan Zhongxiong
Published: March 2023

The developed TME-triggered CuII-coordinated programmable engineered spike-like nanogenerator was constructedviacoordination-driven supramolecular co-assembly of the hydrophilic stabilizer-like component EB, Fenton-like agent CuII, and H2O2generator HND, which can be employed to achieve on-demand cascade-amplifying oxidative stress.
Wireless body area networks task offloading method combined with multiple communication and computing resources supported by MEC
Authors: Zhu Changhong , Ren Junyu , Wan Haibin , Qin Tuanfa
Published: March 2023

In recent years, mobile edge computing (MEC) has become a promising solution to solve the shortage of technical resources in wireless body area networks (WBANs). However, the existing research work has not fully utilized the communication and computing resources in WBANs scenarios. To solve this problem, a task offloading framework that combined with cellular, WiFi networks and device‐to‐device communications is proposed, that makes full use of resources to improve system reliability. Considering that a single MEC server may be overloaded by a large number of patients, the total task offloading cost and load variance is formulated into a multi‐objective optimization problem (MOOP). A non‐dominated sorting genetic algorithm with smart mobile device ‐ patient connection matrix (NSGA ‐SPCM) to solve the MOOP. In view that an SDM may connect multiple patients at the same time during chromosome crossing, the SPCM can quickly detect the unfeasible gene location and mutate it into viable. Simulation results show that the proposed framework and algorithm have good performance.
Two‐stage risk‐constrained stochastic optimal bidding strategy of virtual power plant considering distributed generation outage
Authors: Ghasemi‐Olanlari Farzin , Moradi‐Sepahvand Mojtaba , Amraee Turaj
Published: March 2023

This paper presents an optimal bidding strategy for a technical and commercial virtual power plant (VPP) in medium‐term time horizon. A VPP includes various distributed energy resources (DERs) that can participate in the Pool and Futures markets. Although medium/long‐term scheduling provides the opportunity to participate in the futures market, it also raises the possibility of unit failure. In this regard, the impact of distributed generation (DG) units’ failure, as an important challenge in VPP, is incorporated in the proposed model. The model is formulated as a risk‐constrained two‐stage stochastic problem. The VPP signs futures market contracts in the first stage, and in the second stage, it participates in the day‐ahead (DA) market and manages its DERs. Long short‐term memory neural network and scenario generation and reduction methods are used to capture the uncertainty parameters of electrical load, DA market prices, wind speed, and solar radiation in the proposed model. The performance of proposed model is investigated in different cases. The obtained results show that the VPP can compensate the losses caused by the DG units’ failure through taking advantage of the arbitrage opportunity.
B‐MIMO high step‐up DC/DC converter with high capability to control inputs
Authors: Maalandish Mohammad , Hosseini Seyed Hossein , Sabahi Mehran , Rostami Naghi , Khooban Mohammad‐Hassan
Published: March 2023

Here, a new bidirectional multi‐input‐multi‐output (B‐MIMO) high step‐up DC/DC converter with lower losses on switch/diode is proposed as suitable for electric vehicles. The proposed topology consists of five inputs and two outputs and the battery (energy storage) is considered one of the inputs. Due to the bidirectional nature of the proposed topology, different scenarios of it are described. In discharging mode, the stored energy of the battery is transferred to the output loads. In charging mode, the surplus energy by regenerative braking will be responsible for charging the battery in the related scenario. Also, each input can charge the battery separately in different scenarios. In general, the proposed topology is capable to work in different scenarios for bypassing/charging/discharging the battery. Other advantages of the proposed topology include continuous current of all the inputs, independent control of inputs from each other and lower normalized voltage stress on semiconductors. These features make the proposed bidirectional MIMO DC/DC converter (B‐MIMO‐C) suitable for electric vehicle applications. The proposed topology operation is provided in the laboratory testing for 870W prototype, and the obtained results confirm the theoretical calculations as well.
H∞$H_{\infty }$ optimal frequency control in islanded AC microgrids: A zero‐sum dynamic game approach
Authors: Sheikhahmadi Hêmin , Batmani Yazdan , Khayat Yousef , Konstantinou Charalambos
Published: March 2023

This paper proposes a zero‐sum dynamic game (ZSDG) design to mitigate frequency deviations in the secondary control layer of islanded AC microgrids. By defining a min‐max optimization problem, where the control input minimizes the frequency deviations while the external disturbances maximizes the cost function, a robust control law is designed. The outcome leads to setting the frequency to its desired value and at the same time effects of disturbances are attenuated by applying the optimal controller in the secondary control level of AC microgrids. Since the basic ZSDG controller cannot eliminate adverse effects of external disturbances on the system frequency, an extended‐ZSDG (EZSDG) method is introduced to design an effective controller. Due to the lack of access to the state variables of the microgrids, a full‐order observer is designed to estimate these variables based on the measured output. In simulation results, the validity of the proposed EZSDG is investigated by considering uncertainties in both the communication and physical layers.
Covariance evaluation of neutron cross sections in CENDL
Authors: Xu Ruirui , Ge Zhigang , Tian Yuan , Tao Xi , Jin Yongli , Zhang Yue , Wang Duan , Sun Xiaodong , Zhang Zhi , Wang Jimin , Wang Dongdong , Wei Zihao
Published: March 2023

The covariance evaluation for neutron cross sections in CENDL is briefly introduced in this work. The methodology for evaluation contains the nuclear reaction theoretical model-dependent approach and the non-model dependent one according to the amount of experimental data. Both approaches are based on the Generalized Least-Squares (GLSQ) method. To obtain more reliable uncertainties from experimental measurement, the analysis of the sources of experimental uncertainties (ASEU) is used rigorously in the evaluation. Moreover, machine learning (ML) methods which can deal with the data mining with a more automatic way are employed to evaluate the cross sections in a large-scale nuclear mass region to compensate the uncertainties on some nuclides and reactions, lack of experimental data for, e.g., unstable nuclei and fission products. The covariance files for 70 fission product nuclei are obtained through the model-dependent method in CENDL-3.2, and the covariances for U and Pu isotopes have also been finished with high fidelity, which will be released as part of the next CENDL.
Handtherapie und Hilfsmittelversorgung bei der rheumatischen
Hand
Authors: Hassel Kathryn , Pinnig Meike
Published: March 2023

Die Versorgung von Patienten mit Hilfsmitteln und Orthesen stellt eine wichtige
Pflicht in der Behandlung von rheumatischen Erkrankungen dar. Ziel der
Handtherapie und Hilfsmittelversorgung ist dabei die schmerzauslösenden
Belastungen zu reduzieren sowie bereits destruierte Gelenke zu stabilisieren und
zu schützen. Hierzu muss zum einen der Hilfsmittelbedarf ermittelt
werden und zum anderen die Patienten müssen in praktische Umsetzung des
Gelenkschutzes eingeführt werden. Eine enge Zusammenarbeit zwischen
Ergotherapie und orthopädischer/internistischer Rheumatologie
ist hierbei wichtig.
Asymmetry of Occupational Noise Induced Hearing Loss: An Electrophysiological Approach
Authors: DeJonckere Philippe Henri , Lebacq Jean
Published: March 2023

Introduction The question as to whether occupational noise exposure causes symmetrical or asymmetrical hearing loss is still controversial and incompletely understood.

Objective Two electrophysiological methods (cortical evoked response audiometry: CERA and auditory steady state responses: ASSR) were used to address this issue.

Method 156 subjects with a well-documented history of noise exposure, a wide range of noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) and without middle ear pathology underwent both a CERA and an ASSR examination in the context of an exhaustive medicolegal expert assessment intended for possible compensation.

Results Whatever the method (CERA or ASSR), the average electrophysiological hearing thresholds (1-2-3 kHz) are significantly worse in the left ear. The right - left differences in CERA and ASSR thresholds are strongly correlated with each other. No significant effect of frequency is found. No correlation is observed between right - left differences in hearing thresholds and either age or degree of hearing loss.

Conclusion In NIHL, there is an actual average right - left difference of about 2.23 dB, i.e., 3.2%, the left ear being more impaired.
Is a partially informed choice less autonomous?: a probabilistic account for autonomous choice and information
Authors: Pang Cong
Published: March 2023

The standard account for the role of information in patients’ consent decisions was provided by Faden and Beauchamp. According to this account, in order to make a substantially autonomous choice, a patient needs to receive and understand all the information material to the choice. But the scope of material information is controversial, and it is difficult to determine whether a choice based on partial information is substantially autonomous or not. In order to solve the problem, this paper tries to use “autonomy-undermining ignorance” to capture Faden and Beauchamp’s view of how ignorance undermines autonomous decision-making. It is believed that autonomy-undermining ignorance is key to understanding the relationship between autonomous choices and information in the clinical context. A probabilistic account of this relationship is presented. According to this account, one’s choice can be regarded as substantially autonomous as long as one minimizes the risk of autonomy-undermining ignorance (provided that other conditions of autonomous choice are satisfied). In order to do this, one needs to receive and understand as much accessible information as possible that is likely to be material to a particular choice. This means that sometimes one’s choice based on partial information can also be regarded as substantially autonomous. The practical implication of the probabilistic account is that it allows patients to reasonably choose the information needed for autonomous decision-making in light of a specific situation, rather than invariably requiring them to receive and understand sufficient information to make a consent decision in the clinical context.
Do small overwater structures impact marine habitats and biota?
Authors: Lambert Max R. , Ojala-Barbour Reed , Vadas Jr. Robert , McIntyre Aimee , Quinn Timothy
Published: March 2023

Small overwater structures (SOWS) such as residential docks are common along marine shorelines. Large overwater structures like ferry terminals and commercial piers cast shadows that impair submerged aquatic vegetation and habitat, and alter salmon behaviour and migration. Because of large overwater structure impacts, it is possible that SOWS may also impact marine habitats and organisms. Here, we review the evidence for marine SOWS impacts, finding that relatively little research has been dedicated to the topic. Outside of reducing light and causing well-documented impacts on seagrasses in multiple parts of the world, there is inconsistent or inconclusive evidence for impacts on macroalgae or fish. There is insufficient research on SOWS to draw robust conclusions about these structures’ overall impacts on nearshore environments or how to mediate any possible impacts. Unfortunately, freshwater SOWS or large marine structures are imperfect analogues for inferring marine SOWS impacts. However, we emphasise that an absence of evidence is not evidence for an absence of impacts by SOWS. We outline critical research questions and the relevant study approaches that would address data gaps surrounding SOWS impacts and management.
Investigation of the Cosmic evolution in the presence of non-relativistic neutrinos
Authors: Yarahmadi Muhammad , Salehi Amin
Published: March 2023

The neutrinos of the early universe evolved from a relativistic phase at very early times to a massive particle behavior at later times. First, the kinetic energy of neutrinos is relativistic, and as a result, neutrinos can be described as massless particles. As the Universe expands, the temperature drops and the kinetic energy decreases, and the neutrinos turn into a non-relativistic phase with a non-negligible mass. In this paper, we first put constraints on the total mass of neutrinos. Then we investigate the effect of neutrinos on the CMB power spectrum, P(k), in the case of massless and massive neutrinos using the publicly available Boltzmann code CAMB and we prove that when neutrino coupled to scalar field the CMB power spectrum has a little shift, which means that the power spectrum of CMB is greatly affected by the background energy density and the accelerated expansion of the Universe. Furthermore, we investigate the effect of perturbed quintessence on this spectrum and find that the highest peaks of this spectrum are shifted to smaller scales. Also, we estimate the Deceleration–Acceleration(DA) redshift transition (z
da) using the coupling canonical scalar field with neutrinos. For Pantheon data we obtain z

da
= 0.7 ± 0.05 and for CC data z
da = 0.68 ± 0.03. In the presence of neutrinos the DA redshift transition is z
da = 0.42 ± 0.03 for Pantheon data and z
da = 0.49 ± 0.05 for CC data. These results indicate that neutrinos can affect this phase transition. The results obtained in this article show that when the mass of neutrinos increases, the value of the background energy density increases, resulting in a higher power spectrum peak. Also, by examining the effect of coupling neutrinos to dark energy, we find that the transition occurs at lower redshift.
High-speed directly modulated distributed feedback laser based on detuned loading and photon–photon resonance effect
Authors: Zhang Yun-Shan , Xu Yi-Fan , Zheng Ji-Lin , Li Lian-Yan , Fang Tao , Chen Xiang-Fei
Published: March 2023

A monolithic integrated two-section distributed feedback (TS-DFB) semiconductor laser for high-speed direct modulation is proposed and analyzed theoretically. The grating structure of the TS-DFB laser is designed by the reconstruction-equivalent-chirp (REC) technique, which can reduce the manufacturing cost and difficulty, and achieve high wavelength controlling accuracy. The detuned loading effect and the photon–photon resonance (PPR) effect are utilized to enhance the modulation bandwidth of the TS-DFB laser, exceeding 37 GHz, while that of the conventional one-section DFB laser is only 16 GHz. When the bit rate of the non-return-to-zero (NRZ) signal reaches 55 Gb/s, a clear eye diagram with large opening can still be obtained. These results show that the proposed method can enhance the modulation bandwidth of DFB laser significantly.
Thermal annealing in silicon photonics ring modulators
Authors: Lalović M. , Detraz S. , Marcon L. , Olanterä L. , Prousalidi T. , Sandven U. , Scarcella C. , Sigaud C. , Soós C. , Troska J.
Published: March 2023

Silicon photonics technology promises significant improvements for fibre optic links of future upgrades of HEP experiments. Such systems will require high levels of radiation tolerance and silicon photonics modulators have been shown to be very robust when exposed to high levels of radiation under certain conditions. We demonstrate for the first time that changing the temperature of ring modulators during or after irradiation can significantly improve their performance.