bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overall animal welfare reviewed. Part 2: Assessment tables and schemes
Authors: Bracke M.B.M. , Metz J.H.M. , Spruijt B.M.
Published: June 2020

In the scientific literature several attempts have been made to systematically assess the overall welfare-status of animals in relation to housing and management. This paper reviews assessment tables and schemes that have been constructed to this end. These tables and schemes have a tabular format that allows an assessment of housing systems using a list of welfare-relevant attributes (properties of the housing system). Rather than identifying deficits, the focus of this review is on finding positive recommendations for the purpose of developing a method for overall welfare assessment (OWA) on a scientific basis. The main recommendation is to use the tabular format as representation formalism for OWA. The concept of linked tables provides the key to performing OWA on a scientific basis in an explicit and systematic way.
Evaporation at night.
Authors: Monteith J.L.
Published: June 2020

Direct measurements with a dew balance of evaporation from a short-grass surface were compared with humidity gradients in the grass over about 5 weeks in autumn, 1953. At night, when the air in the cover was unsaturated, evaporation occurred by the diffusion of water vapour from the soil surface through a thin layer of air in which the transfer coefficient was seldom greater than twice the molecular value. The rate of evaporation was about 0.04 mm/hr. Evaporation of this order will occur whenever cold radiating leaf surfaces are found within a few cm of a warmer soil surface. Even with taller crops, where temperature and humidity gradients are smaller, greater mixing of the air within the crop may produce fluxes of the same order. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
Water economy of crop plants. [German]
Authors: Hesse W.
Published: June 2020

In the growing seasons of 1950 and 1953-1955 the effect of weather on transpiration intensity was accurately demonstrated. Fluctuations of intensity, including those caused by different fertilizing and kinds of soil, are shown for different varieties of barley, oats, wheat, rye and peppermint.- Author's summary. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
Some remarks on Penman's equations for the evapotranspiration.
Authors: Businger J.A.
Published: June 2020

It is proposed to use Penman's theoretical expression for ET practically. A theoretical formulation of the factor f(u) is therefore given; the quantity EO, which easily leads to misunderstanding, is omitted, and the empirical factor a is replaced by another empirical factor e. It was found that e = 0.92 gave the best fit to the observations.--From author's summary. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
Determination of soil moisture by neutron scattering.
Authors: Mortier P. , De Boodt M.
Published: June 2020

Curves of counting rate versus moisture content are presented, for sand, loam and clay soils, using (i) a 1000 me Ra-Be source surrounded by a small rigid indium cylinder acting as detector of slow neutrons and (ii) two co-axial Cd cylinders protecting the indium detector. Improved accuracy in the region of low moisture contents was obtained with (ii). (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
Studies on the distribution of frost in the Ingelfingen vineyard. [German]
Authors: Rentschler W.
Published: June 2020

Temperature measurements taken at various positions in a 40-hectare hillside vineyard during night frosts in the spring of 1954 are recorded.-Inst. Phys. Met. landw. Hochsch., Hohenheim. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
The organization of native agriculture in the Belgian Congo.
Authors: De Wilde L.O.J.
Published: June 2020

Various native agricultural settlement systems are described. Moving strips of cultivated fields are managed in 3 ways: (1) The farmers, occupying adjacent strips permanently, carry out simultaneously deforestation, each stage of the crop rotation, and re-afforestation. (2) Blocks of 1-3 strips are separated by forest and re-allocated each year. (3) There is no individual land allocation and the strips are cultivated mechanically or by collective manual labour.-J.F.C. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
Grass tetany in grazing milking cows.
Authors: Kemp A. , T Hart M.L.
Published: June 2020

Statistical investigation showed that correlation existed between the incidence of grass tetany and the mean 24-hr, temperature, particulary in spring and autumn. There was also a significant positive correlation between the K/(Ca and Mg) ratio in the grass and the incidence of tetany. During the spring and autumn, when the average temperatures were below 14 degrees C., an increase in K uptake by the herbage being grazed was associated with a rise in temperature, and was followed, after a 5-day time-lag, by an increase in the number of cases of tetany, if the critical value of K/(Ca + Mg) (2.2) was exceeded. A fall in temperature was followed by a fall in the ratio value and in tetany incidence. High summer temperatures were associated with a lower value for the ratio and only a few cases of tetany occurred. The results favour the theory that the relationship between temperature and the incidence of tetany is correlated with the cationic composition of the herbage grazed. [See Abs. 1013.]-From authors'summary. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
The production of polyploid beets. [not specified]
Authors: Kloen D.
Published: June 2020

In this popular article, information already abstracted in PBA, XXIV, Absts. 2293-4, XXV, Abst. 434 and XXVII, Abst. 3277 is summarized. In addition, methods of producing commercial triploid seed are discussed. Among crosses between tetraploid sugar beets and tetraploid mangels, the cross Sy (derived from Kleinwunzlebener E) x VC (from Alpha) has done well, Crosses of Sy with the diploids Friso, Alpha and Eureka have given some good triploid material. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
Investigations on the classification and genesis of soils, derived from acid tuffs under humid tropical conditions.
Authors: Van Schuylenborgh J.
Published: June 2020

Four profiles developed on dacitic tuffaceous material 70 m above sea level were investigated. The soils belong to podzolic latosolic or red-yellow podzolic groups depending on drainage. High clay content of the B horizon is attributed to breakdown of clay minerals in the upper horizons. With increasing depth, C/N ratios remain constant and A12O3/Fe2O3 ratios increase, as contrasted with latosolic and temperate podzolic soils in which both values decrease with depth. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
The trace element manganese : the state of research in the Netherlands.
Authors: Henkens C.H.
Published: June 2020

This is a review of the literature.-R.B. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
Influence of phosphate on the botanical composition and on the grade of quality of herbage.
Authors: Sonneveld F. , Kruijne A.A. , De Vries D.M.
Published: June 2020

Results of 115 field trials are tabulated in respect of the average increase in herbage quality (as defined by six grade classes) by P fertilizing in general, by increasing applications of 20-160 kg/ha P2O5, and by P dressings on different soils ranging from sands to peats. The response to P of various species of grasses and forbs, and the P status of soils (five classes of 0-20 to >80 citric solubility) in relation to herbage quality and frequency of different grass species are also discussed. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
The application of radio-isotope techniques to fertiliser placement studies in oilpalm cultivation.
Authors: Broeshart H.
Published: June 2020

Pot experiments using Ca(H2PO4)2 labelled with Ca45 and P32 showed the content of these nutrients to be highest in the younger leaves and the uptake to be higher from surface application than from placement to 10-20 cm. Field experiments in nurseries and young and adult plantations indicated that the optimal distance of fertilizer application is close to the stem inside the crown diameter of 1-year-old palms, close to the stem or at crown diameter of 2-year-old palms, and at the crown diameter of 3-4-year-old palms; there was no optimal distance for older plantations, though application close to the stem inside the clean-weeded ring was the least favourable. Foliar application resulted in rapid uptake of P, but in less total uptake than from soil applications; difference in the solubility of phosphate had very little effect on P uptake. Since dry periods considerably decrease the P uptake in nurseries and 1-2-year-old plantations, fertilizers to young palms should preferably be applied during the rainy season. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
Leaf composition of lowland rice and sugar cane as an indicator of their performance.
Authors: Hong G.B. , Van Schuylenborgh J.
Published: June 2020

The ratios of N to P and K in the leaves of rice and leaves and/or stems of sugar cane at different periods of growth indicate that foliar analyses of 30-day-old rice plants and of sugar-cane tops at an early stage of development will give a good indication of the crop's performance. The mobilities of major nutrients showed a decreasing order of P >N >K in rice and N >P >K in sugar cane. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
Some factors affecting silage fermentation. 1. Influence of laceration and storage temperature.
Authors: Wieringa G.W.
Published: June 2020

In laboratory-scale ensiling experiments [See Abs. 602] it was shown that lactic-acid bacteria developed more rapidly in silage made from crushed grass than in silage made from grass chopped into 5-cm. lengths. In further experiments using grass of high-protein and low dry-matter content, crushed and ensiled at 20 or 30 degrees C., or uncrushed grass ensiled at 30 degrees G. with 1, 2, 3 or 4% of added molasses, good silage was produced only where 4% molasses or the lower temperature was used. Butyric-acid bacteria developed best at the higher temperature.-R.B. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
Potential photosynthesis of crop surfaces.
Authors: De Wit C.T.
Published: June 2020

A formula for calculating the potential photosynthesis of a closed crop surface is proposed, assuming that the leaves of the crop are not arranged in any definite direction. In the Netherlands, values for potential photosynthesis vary from 290 kg. CH2O/ha./day in June to 50 kg./ha./day in December. F.s.-R.B. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
Determination of the capillary conductivity of soils at low moisture tensions.
Authors: Butijn J. , Wesseling J.
Published: June 2020

Equations are developed for calculating capillary conductivity from data of outflow measurements obtained with a suction apparatus. Results obtained on a sandy soil and a sandy loam are reported. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
A portable instrument for measuring soil moisture.
Authors: Borel G.
Published: June 2020

Important features of this gypsum-block instrument are small dimensions, light weight, low energy consumption and simple handling. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
Synthetic detergents in sewage sludge.
Authors: Den Dulk P.R.
Published: June 2020

The sulphonate components of detergents have a harmful effect on most horticultural crops, probably because they disturb the water balance in the soil. When the soil contains sufficient absorbing material (clay or humus), the harmful effect is reduced. The adverse effects of increasing concentrations of sulphonates on spinach are described in detail. Other crops adversely affected were endive, tomatoes, cauliflowers, french beans, carrots, lettuces and cyclamen.-Hort. adv. Serv., Wageningen. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
The alkali aspects of the reclamation of saline soils in Iraq.
Authors: Boumans J.H. , Hulsbos W.C.
Published: June 2020

Combined leaching-infiltration tests showed no structural deterioration of saline-alkali soils even after percolation of large amounts of water through the profile. Exchangeable-Na percentage decreased to 2-4 according to irrigation-water quality and drainage conditions, simultaneously with the total salt content, but at a slower rate. Graphs showing the relationships between pH, exchangeable-Na percentage and electrical conductivity (pH decreasing with increasing salt content, exchangeable Na increasing with increasing salinity at constant pH) may be used for the determination of alkalinity level from measurements of pH and salinity. Results indicate that there is no danger of these saline-alkali soils of high lime status (25-27 %) developing into alkali soils by reduction of the salinity through leaching. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
Some experiences in soil aeration measurements and relationships to depth of rooting.
Authors: Wiersum L.K.
Published: June 2020

Construction of the apparatus is based on the principle of Lemon and Erickson; modifications of the electrodes to adapt and protect them for rough work are described. Examples of the performance of the instrument are given; the results were compatible with estimations of aeration by visual inspection of soil colour. There was usually a good correlation between values of O2-diffusion rate and root penetration. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
Solar and net radiation, available energy and its influence on evapotranspiration from grass.
Authors: Scholte Ubing D.W.
Published: June 2020

From studies on radiation and energy balance in the Netherlands it is concluded that reliable values for net radiation over 24-hr periods can be obtained by computation, if differences in the weather during day and night are taken into account. A comparison is given of measured net radiation above short grass with net radiation computed from air temperature, water vapour pressure in the air and sunshine duration. Variations in the nature of a cropped surface, as a consequence of variations in conditions of such a surface, may influence the radiation and energy balance. However, if soil moisture becomes less available for plant roots, soil moisture content has a much more important influence on the proportion of the available energy used in heating the soil, the air and in evapotranspiration than the type and nature of the soil cover. For daily and 24-hr periods with similar atmospheric conditions, a linear relationship between total global radiation and net radiation can be expected. The ratio between evapotranspiration from short grass under optimal water supply and the evaporation from a wet surface (or thin water layer) varied greatly for short periods of time under different conditions of radiation and temperature. These variations could be due to plant or weather factors influencing the stomatal apertures, although variations in stability of the lower air layers may have had some influence. Variations in intensity of potential and of maximum evapotranspiration rates and differences in the diurnal variations, as compared with the diurnal variation of net radiation, are shown. A decrease of actual evapotranspiration from crops as soil moisture becomes less available and, of course, the potential evapotranspiration rate, strongly depend on the net radiation gain. F. s.- R.B. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
Early diagnosis of mineral deficiencies by means of plant analysis.
Authors: Broeshart H. , Van Schouwenburg J.G.
Published: June 2020

The effect of development stage on the chemical composition of oats was determined under conditions of constant temperature, humidity and light. The changes in composition as a function of age were found to be small for K, Na, Ga and Mg but considerable in the case of N and P. In addition, a study was made of early diagnosis of mineral deficiencies by means of chemical analysis, oats being used as the test crop. The data were obtained from 18- and 25-day-old plants growing in sand cultures from which varying amounts of N, P, K or Mg were omitted. It was concluded that early diagnosis is possible provided that the fluctuation in chemical composition of normal plants is known. The rapid changes in chemical composition of crops in the field are most probably due to fluctuating concentrations of ions in the soil solution and not to small differences in stage of development. F. s.-R.B. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
Hypomagnesaemia in milking cows: intake and utilization of magnesium from herbage by lactating cows.
Authors: Kemp A. , Deijs W.B. , Hemkes O.J. , Es A.J.H. van
Published: June 2020

During 1958-60, 11 Mg balance trials were carried out with 39 lactating Friesian cows, which were fed indoors on a winter ration in 1 trial or on herbage freshly cut from pastures with different fertilizer treatments in the other trials. Average daily Mg intake was 33.08 g. for the winter ration and 16.62 g. for herbage, 17% of which was 'available', i.e. absorbed. Average Mg excretion in urine was 1.77 g., Mg excretion in milk 1.77 g./cow with an average content of 0.12 g./kg. milk, and Mg retention -0.5 g. Hypomagnesaemia occurred only when Mg excreted in urine was
On the organic matter in tropical soils.
Authors: Tan K.H. , Van Schuylenborgh J.
Published: June 2020

Light-absorption curves are given of organic matter extracted from different horizons of humus-iron podzols and brown podzolic soils on liparitic tuff and brown forest and gray-brown podzolic soils, latosols and acid brown earths on andesitic tuff, in support of theories on the role of organic matter in soil-forming processes under a humid tropical climate. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
Data on the salinization of a coastal soil in the monsoonal rice area of southern New Guinea.
Authors: Schroo H.
Published: June 2020

The heavy silty young marine clay cracks to a depth of 35-40 cm during the dry season. The cation-exchange capacity is 32.5 meq/100g soil for the subsoil and 52.2 meq for the topsoil (due to high humus content). Chemically the soil resembles solonchak, but in profile structure it more closely resembles solonets. Yields of 2, 500 kg/ha shelled rice are normal. The average Cl content of the groundwater (6.4 g/litre) is too high for agriculture. Salinization of the upper 5 cm of topsoil is unexpectedly slight and apparently has no direct relationship to groundwater salinity. With irregular changes in the monsoon the soil may become highly saline while the crop is still standing. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
Formas de aquisição da água para consumo na comunidade do quilombo Castainho PE
Authors: Silva Laudenice Ramos , Gomes Wanessa Da Silva , Castanha Elisangela Ramos
Published: June 2020

Este trabalho fundamenta-se em uma reflexão sobre a gestão da água e suas ressonâncias na comunidade quilombola do Castainho, localizada em Garanhuns/PE. O principal objetivo foi descrever as condições e as formas de aquisição da água para consumo nessa comunidade, suas relações com a promoção da saúde e as transformações sociais, ambientais e comportamentais, na incorporação da sustentabilidade ambiental e enfrentamento da distribuição inadequada da água na comunidade. Trata-se de uma pesquisa-ação, com abordagem qualitativa, onde buscamos por meio dos Círculos de Cultura (CC) compreender a incorporação de atitudes sustentáveis na relação homem/natureza bem como as formas de acesso ao recurso hídrico, tão importante e essencial para a manutenção e existência da vida. Além do CC também foi utilizada a análise de documentos. O trabalho propiciou uma reflexão crítica junto aos sujeitos participantes sobre suas práticas atuais e condições quanto usuários de um serviço público, ao qual possuem direitos adquiridos, porém não tem acesso de fato à água tratada e encanada em suas casas. Através dos CC foi possível discutir as repercussões dessa problemática na saúde e sua repercussão social, apropriando-se de novos elementos, acessando informações, estratégias e instrumentos de intervenção e gerando novas possibilidades e desafios junto aos sujeitos.
Fisioterapia em prematuros na unidade de terapia intensiva e o risco de porencefalia
Authors: Caon Glauber , Martins Cíntia Costa Medeiros , Henk Bárbara , Da Silva Denizar Alberto Melo , Santos Andressa Nunes
Published: June 2020

Introdução: No início de 1970, as melhorias tecnológicas proporcionaram a ventilação mecânica neonatal e houve um crescimento da sobrevida de prematuros de muito baixo peso. A partir disso, a fisioterapia tem sido evidenciada como parte relevante para o desfecho favorável dessa população. A Porencefalia Encefaloclástica (PE), foi descrita por Cross et al. e desde então tem sido estudada sua etiologia, tendo como enfoque três principais fatores de risco: apresentação pélvica, hipotensão precoce e quantidade de fisioterapia respiratória (FR). Objetivo: Verificar se a FR, em prematuros de muito baixo peso, está associada com a PE. Métodos: O estudo consiste em uma revisão bibliográfica, realizada por meio de pesquisa no banco de dados Medline/Pubmed/ Scielo, com duração de seis meses. Foram selecionados estudos observacionais, coorte e ensaios clínicos randomizados e controlados, publicados no período entre 1929 e 2017, em inglês, nos quais as palavras-chaves estivessem presentes no título ou resumo. Resultados: Foram identificados 11 artigos e, três foram incluídos por associarem PE e a FR em neonatos de muito baixo peso. Dos três artigos analisados, dois tiveram casos de PE associados com a FR e um não relatou nenhum caso. Conclusão: A FR, isoladamente, parece não ser um fator de risco para a PE. No entanto, em recém-nascidos prematuros (RNP) que apresentem associação com outros fatores de risco, o tratamento fisioterapêutico pode ser realizado, mas a estabilização da cabeça do RNP de muito baixo peso deve ser imprescindível. Para definir a relação entre FR e desfechos neurológicos adversos, seria ideal realizar um ensaio clínico randomizado e controlado.
Pediatric physical therapy intervention in leigh’s syndrome: a clinical case report
Authors: Frata Bruna , Sonza Anelise , Menegol Natalia Alves , Montemezzo Dayane , Sanada Luciana Sayuri
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: o objetivo deste estudo de caso foi descrever uma intervenção fisioterapêutica em um menino de 5 anos com Síndrome de Leigh (LS). Método: o equilíbrio foi testado por meio da Escala de Equilíbrio Pediátrico (PBS) e a função nas atividades da vida diária foi medida com a avaliação Pediátrica do Inventário de Incapacidade (PEDI). Além disso, a distribuição da pressão plantar (PPD) foi medida durante uma velocidade auto selecionada, caminhando em uma plataforma de detecção capacitiva. A intervenção baseou-se no uso de cinesioterapia, recursos sensoriais e proprioceptivos, em sessões de 50 minutos, duas vezes por semana, durante 10 semanas. Resultados: O presente estudo demonstrou ganhos para a criança em relação ao equilíbrio durante a marcha. Da mesma forma, foi observada a melhora do controle postural, planejamento de tarefas e outras habilidades. Conclusão: A intervenção fisioterapêutica neste relato de caso para a Síndrome de Leigh foi eficaz e poderia servir de base para estudos futuros ou intervenção em terapia clínica que segue esse tipo de tratamento.
Desperdício de Alimentos no Refeitório de um Hospital Privado no Sul do Brasil
Authors: Maffassiolli Veridiana , Koglin Gabriela
Published: June 2020

Introdução: O desperdício de alimentos pode ocorrer em toda a cadeia produtiva, abrangendo desde a produção até o consumidor final. Em serviços de alimentação incluem-se as perdas durante o preparo e conservação dos alimentos e também as que ocorrem com a comida pronta que não é consumida na sua totalidade. Objetivo: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar os motivos que contribuem para o desperdício de alimentos no refeitório de um hospital. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa observacional transversal, desenvolvida na unidade de alimentação e nutrição de um hospital privado da cidade de Porto Alegre, estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O instrumento para a coleta de dados foi a aplicação de um questionário on-line adaptado da pesquisa de opinião aplicada rotineiramente no local. Os participantes deste estudo foram os funcionários que realizam refeições no refeitório da instituição. Resultados: O estudo mostrou que 21,6% dos colaboradores afirmaram deixar restos de comida no prato após o almoço. Os principais motivos para este desperdício foram relacionados ao modo de preparo dos alimentos, incluindo o tempero, temperatura das preparações no bufê, fluxo do refeitório, onde só é possível se servir uma vez e conscientização dos comensais. Conclusão: Os motivos relatados pelos comensais para o desperdício de alimentos no refeitório são semelhantes aos de outros estudos, mostrando que os problemas se repetem em diferentes tipos de serviços de alimentação. A realização de campanhas institucionais e a apresentação mensal de indicadores aos comensais auxiliam na busca pela redução da taxa de resto-ingestão.
Os efeitos do método Pilates sobre o equilíbrio e as estratégias posturais em idosos
Authors: Gomes Thauana Silveira , Lara Simone , Teixeira Lilian Pinto , Tavares Graziela Morgana Silva
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: Analisar o impacto da prática do método Pilates sobre o equilíbrio e as estratégias posturais em idosos. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de intervenção, no qual foram incluídos 14 idosos, cujo equilíbrio foi avaliado por meio da Posturografia Dinâmica Computadorizada, incluindo os testes de organização sensorial (TOS), divididos em seis condições, e analisadas as estratégias posturais (condição I à VI) e os sistemas neurais responsáveis pelo equilíbrio (visual, vestibular e somatossensorial). Os idosos praticaram os exercícios do método Pilates ao longo de 8 semanas, sendo duas vezes por semana, por aproximadamente 50 a 60 minutos. Resultados: Houve um aumento do uso das estratégias posturais de tornozelo nas condições: II (p=0,04) e VI (p=0,01), pós-intervenção. Contudo, as condições sensoriais dos TOS e os sistemas neurais responsáveis pelo equilíbrio não modificaram-se pós-intervenção. Conclusões: A prática do método Pilates contribuiu para a melhora do uso das estratégias posturais em idosos, podendo, consequentemente, reduzir o risco de queda nos mesmos. No entanto, não houve diferença significativa sobre os TOS e os sistemas neurais, e, acredita-se que há a necessidade de uma prática mais prolongada do método para a obtenção de efeitos mas significativos sobre esses achados.
The Implementation of Semester Learning Plan (RPS) on Maharah Istima’ Course by Using Cartoon Story Maker
Authors: Ilmiani Aulia Mustika , Hamidah Hamidah , Wahdah Nurul , Mubarak Mahfuz Rizqi
Published: June 2020

This is a descriptive qualitative research which aims to describe the implementation of Semester Learning Plan (RPS) on Maharah Istima’ Course by Using Cartoon Story Maker and its distinct characteristics from the previous RPS. The subject of this research is the Arabic language lecturers of IAIN Palangka Raya who teach Maharah Istima’ course. It uses observations, interviews, and documentations for the data collection techniques, and is validated using triangulation method. The results showed that there were nine learning activities of the implementation of Cartoon Story Maker based semester learning plan, namely; (1) Providing information to the students about the course’s learning objectives. (2) Giving apperception about the learning material. (3) Preparing and displaying Cartoon Story Maker media. (4) Students listen and prepare their stationeries (5) Students mention the main and supporting ideas. (6) Providing responses and corrections (7) Reminding the students to write the new vocabulary obtained. (8) Students make conclusions (9) Providing an explanation or summary about the material. The specification of this RPS with the previous one is that it is designed and clearly described the assessment indicators which include a series of more innovative activities, where learning is more centred on students and lecturers only act as facilitators and monitor the learning objectives. Lecturers only provide learning resources by creating Cartoon Story Maker as an interesting and effective learning media.
Non-Arabic Languages in the Qur'an according to as-Suyuti, Ibn al-Subki and al-Khafiz Ibn Hajar
Authors: Murdiono Murdiono
Published: June 2020

This research aims to describe non-Arabic languages in the Qur’an according to the scholars who agreed on mu'arrab namely as-Suyuti, Ibn al-Subki and al-Khafiz Ibn Hajar and to reveal the meaning of the word including ta’rîb in the Qur’an. It uses library research method and descriptive qualitative technique analysis with structural, historical, and ideological approaches for the data analysis technique. The results of the study show that: 1) Factors which influence the occurrence of ta’rîb in Arabic especially in the Qur’an are the historical factors, namely geographical proximity, trading relations, immigration, political power, religious tendencies, culture, economy, and industry with other nations. 2) Arabic grows and develops with its closest Semitic languages, such as Habsyah, Aramiah and Akadiah so it will indirectly lead into language and cultural shift. 3) In as-Suyuti madhzab, including Ibn al-Subki, and al-Khafiz Ibn Hajar, believe in the existence of mu'arrab and ta’rîb in the Qur'an, so he collected around 125 non-Arabic words in the Qur'an which consists of 13 languages, including Persian, Habsyah, Hebrew, Suryaniyah, Nabathea, Berber, Zinjiyah, Jewish, Roman, Indian, Saizalah, Turkish and Magrib which are distributed in 41 surahs of the Qur’an.
Istikhdām an-Naẓariyyah al-Mujażżarah li Strauss fī al-Buḥūṡ wa ad-Dirāsāt al-‘Arabiyyah
Authors: Istiqomah Himatul
Published: June 2020

There are several theories in qualitative research including Grounded Theory (GT). It is a theory discovered, developed, and achieved by collecting and analyzing data systematically about specific phenomena. it is the result of a study called grounded Research (GR). The purpose of this study is to present the role of Strauss's Grounded research in Arabic research (PBA) and the types of GT produced. This study uses qualitative-descriptive research, with primary data sources from PBA that have been published in the last five years, namely 15 topics. The results of this study indicate that the roles of GR in PBA as a type of qualitative research are 5 topics, as a qualitative approach are 8 topics, as a qualitative method is 1 topic, and as a qualitative technique is 1 topic. In general, the role of GR is as an approach in qualitative research. The types of GT are 10 topics in the form of theory, 2 topics in the form of hypothesis, and 3 topics are in the form of assumptions. In general, the result of GR is GT in the form of theory.
Google Form ka Wasīlah at-Taqyīm fī Ta’līm al-Qirā`ah wa al-Qawā’id bi al-Jāmi’ah
Authors: Kholis Muhammad Nur , Sodik Achmad Jakfar , Shidiq Jamaluddin , Hafidah Hafidah
Published: June 2020

This paper tries to explain the process of using google form as a assessment instruments for Arabic reading skills (qirâ`ah) and arabic grammar (qawâ’id). The purpose of this study is to find out the features that can be used as a assessment instruments for qirâ`ah and qawâ’id, and their proficiency assessment instruments. This study uses a qualitative approach to the type of descriptive research. The objects of this study were students at IAIN Surakarta who participated in the Arabic Practicum Program organized by the Language Development Center (P2B). The results showed that the features of google form that can be used as a medium for evaluating the competence of  reading Arabic texts and Arabic rules are short answer, multiple choice, checkboxes and dropdown features.
CONSULTA DE ENFERMAGEM EM PUERICULTURA À CRIANÇA HAITIANA: DIFICULDADES E POSSIBILIDADES
Authors: Argenta Zanatta Elisangela , Karei Siega Cheila , Pujol Hanzen Ingrid , Alcantara de Carvalho Luiza
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: identificar as dificuldades vivenciadas pelos enfermeiros na Consulta de Enfermagem em puericultura à criança haitiana na Atenção Primária à Saúde e as possibilidades para superar esses desafios. Método: estudo exploratório, descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, realizado com dez enfermeiros por meio de entrevista realizada em julho de 2018. Submeteram-se os depoimentos à Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: a análise dos dados deu origem a duas categorias: Dificuldades na intercomunicação entre enfermeiros e famílias de crianças haitianas e Dificuldades culturais relacionadas ao cuidado da criança haitiana. Conclusão: os resultados revelam dificuldades na realização da Consulta de Enfermagem às crianças, especialmente relacionadas à intercomunicação, pela língua falada pelos haitianos, e pelas questões culturais que permeiam e embasam o cuidado à criança pelas famílias. Para superar as dificuldades os enfermeiros indicam o uso da comunicação não verbal, visita domiciliar para conhecer o contexto e melhorar a confiança e o vínculo com as famílias.

Descritores: Cuidado da Criança. Atenção Primária à Saúde. Processo de Enfermagem. Imigrantes. Consulta de Enfermagem.
City Resilience to Population Ageing In the Context of Spatial (In)Accessibility. The Case of Poznań and Łódź
Authors: Lechowska Ewa
Published: June 2020

The ageing of the society is a serious factor affecting the prospects of urban development. Unfavourable demographic changes disturb the functioning of the urban system, thus forcing adaptive activities leading to a new state of balance in the organism of a city. The ageing of urban society requires a new look at the organisation of space in the city. The importance of planning age‑friendly cities is rising fast. Due to the low mobility of the elderly, it is important to plan their direct living environment, ensuring access to facilities or areas that meet the basic needs of this particular group of urban space users. As part of the answer to the question: to what extent the cities of Poznań and Łódź are resilient to the ageing process in spatial terms, an analysis was performed of the accessibility of green areas, sports and recreation facilities, service and commercial, cultural, healthcare facilities and public transport stops for the elderly population. This resulted in the delimitation of problem areas characterised by functional and spatial deficits and the development of the two cities’ resilience indexes to demographic changes, namely, ageing in spatial terms.
Ocena wpływu nowych produktów turystycznych na ożywienie gospodarcze obszarów wiejskich w świetle badań empirycznych wybranych gmin województwa lubelskiego
Authors: Szczęsna Joanna , Wesołowska Monika
Published: June 2020

W opracowaniu zaprezentowano przykłady kilku oryginalnych produktów turystycznych, dostępnych na obszarach wiejskich województwa lubelskiego, które w świetle przeprowadzonych badań empirycznych przyczyniły się do rozwoju funkcji turystycznej w miejscach swojego występowania. Głównym celem artykułu jest określenie, w jaki sposób zostały wykreowane wybrane produkty turystyczne i jaka jest ich rola w rozwoju funkcji turystycznej i w rozwoju lokalnym w ogóle. W artykule wykorzystano metodę analizy przypadków, która dotyczyła czterech produktów zlokalizowanych w czterech gminach województwa lubelskiego. Oceny wpływu wykreowanego produktu turystycznego na rozwój lokalny dokonano na podstawie badań przeprowadzonych metodą sondażu diagnostycznego w formie kwestionariusza ankiety i wywiadu bezpośredniego. Wywiady na temat procesu tworzenia produktu turystycznego i jego efektów przeprowadzono z przedsiębiorcami z branży turystycznej, natomiast kwestionariusze ankiety dotyczące wpływu powstałego produktu turystycznego na rozwój lokalny skierowano do mieszkańców gmin objętych badaniem. Wyniki pokazały, że w każdym z badanych przypadków wykreowanie produktu turystycznego mogło mieć znaczący wpływ na rozwój funkcji turystycznej oraz rozwój gospodarczy obszarów wiejskich, w których te produkty powstały. Zjawiska społeczno-ekonomiczne towarzyszące rozwojowi funkcji turystycznej są pozytywnie postrzegane przez mieszkańców badanych gmin, którzy w rozwoju turystyki upatrują szansę na poprawę warunków ich życia oraz wizerunku ich miejscowości.
Analiza projektu „Europejskie miasto sportu” i jego wpływu na rozwój aktywności turystycznej na przykładzie wybranych miast słowackich
Authors: Matušíková Daniela , Švedová Milena , Vargová Tünde Dzurov , Żegleń Patrycja
Published: June 2020

W artykule została omówiona kwestia rozwoju aktywności sportowej na przykładzie projektu pod nazwą Europejskie Miasto Sportu. W wybranych miastach Słowacji (Koszycach, Bańskiej Bystrzycy i Nitrze) przeprowadzono analizę działań mających na celu rozwój tych miejscowości oraz wspieranie turystyki poprzez organizację międzynarodowych imprez sportowych. Dzięki zastosowaniu kilku metod, zwłaszcza komparatywnej, można porównać wybrane przedsięwzięcia i związane z nimi problemy. Wspomniane wydarzenia i inne prowadzone czynności wsparły nie tylko rozwój sportu, ale również turystyki w badanych miastach. Przegląd literatury pozwala ocenić główne założenia oraz znaczenie popularnego projektu pod nazwą Europejskie Miasto Sportu. Analiza porównawcza pokazuje intensywność działań w każdym z trzech wspomnianych słowackich miast.
PROFIL PEMBELAJARAN TERPADU PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA
Authors: Wulandari Soesy Sri , ZA Prabowo , Supardi Imam
Published: June 2020

This study aimed to determine about the integrated learning profile in science subjects in junior high school. The thing that will be analyzed is how to process the integrated learning planning in science subjects in junior high school. The data collection is described and analyzed through the reduction and examination process which validity used triangulation method. The descriptive analysis results found the answers to research questions. Then, the researchers drew a conclusion from the results of research.The results of the study found that teachers did not apply integrated learning that involves cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the integrated learning profile in science subjects in junior high school do not equivalent to the characteristics of integrated learning. The main cause of the condition is that teachers did not understand the characteristics of integrated learning in science subjects.
Samobójstwa dzieci i młodzieży przed wybuchem II wojny światowej i obecnie — co się zmieniło, co pozostało bez zmian
Authors: Ziółkowska Anna
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the article is an attempt to show the issue of suicides of children and young people in a historical perspective, by comparing the state of knowledge and methods of discussing the phenomenon from the pre-war period (until 1939) with the modern period. The first part of the work will be devoted to discussing the first papers on suicide issues that began to appear in Poland from the late nineteenth century to 1939. The second part of the article focuses on presenting the current state of knowledge on the frequency, risk factors and causes of suicide in children and young people. The last part of the work will be devoted to comparing the specifics and conditioning suicidal behavior in the discussed periods.
Weryfikacja wersji zabójstwa w przypadkach zaginięcia człowieka
Authors: Jaworski Ryszard
Published: June 2020

In cases of human disappearance, sometimes facts appear indicating the possibility of causing his death and hiding the corpse. Such hypotheses are formulated not only by law enforcement authorities, but also by the local community, and the family is slandered in them, sometimes friends of the missing person. The study, based on examples from expert practice, showed the usefulness of the polygraph test to verify such personal ver-sions, including the exclusion of wrongly suspected persons close to the missing person (father and mother). In the course of such a study, several research techniques can be used, which have been shown to increase the accuracy of the results and sometimes allow the killer to be exposed.
Bez śladu. Niewyjaśnione przypadki zaginięć
Authors: Jurkiewicz Anna
Published: June 2020

This article concerns unsolved missing people cases in Poland. It also shows the work of the ITAKA Foundation — Center For Missing People, the only NGO in Poland which works in the field of missing persons. It covers 5 different stories concerning un-solved missing persons cases from the late 1990s and 2000s, 4 of them describe mysteri-ous disappearances of children and teenagers which until today still remain unsolved.
Działania Rzecznika Praw Obywatelskich w zakresie problematyki osób zaginionych
Authors: Wentkowska Aleksandra
Published: June 2020

Based on the motions submitted for the attention of the Commissioner for Human Rights, as well as on the inspected cases, this article discusses the system of searching for missing persons. The Police implemented and continuously improve the system of searching for missing persons. However, the procedures are often imperfect. Some-times it results in a situation that search procedures are too late, especially in cases in which time is a crucial factor. Hence the question arises as to whether the legal and logistic aspects of searching for missing persons in Poland is well organized. Another question is whether the rules governing search operations are clear and understandable for all the services. To ensure efficient rescue operations undertaken by the services responsible for the maintenance of order and safety in the search for missing persons, the Commissioner for Human Rights asked the Minister of the Interior to take the need for an introduction of some legislative changes into consideration.
Introducción
Authors: Nuez Santana José Luis de la
Published: June 2020

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“¿Para quién hace el artista su obra?” la dialéctica nacional/internacional en el arte brasileño entre los 60 y 70
Authors: Iñigo Clavo María
Published: June 2020

Este texto realiza un recorrido por los debates teóricos en torno los movimientos de arte Concreto, Neoconcreto y Pop, que se desarrollaron en Brasil durante los años 60 y 70 para mostrar cómo la dialéctica entre lo nacional e internacional en la conformación de estos movimientos fue parte constituyente de la conformación de sus discursos locales. Más allá de querer mostrar este fenómeno como una desacreditación de la coherencia política de estas corrientes o sus teóricos, como ha insistido cierta historiografía del arte, el texto quiere mostrar, más bien, que la evolución de estos debates están íntimamente ligados a esta dialéctica y por tanto esta es su propia condición ya desde su nacimiento en el modernismo. El texto ofrecerá una panorámica muy general de estos movimientos, basándose en debates actuales que los han estudiado, pero también textos de la época que muestran los conflictos y las soluciones generadas por esta dialéctica constante nacional/internacional.
“Versiones del Sur” y “Perder la forma humana”: los latinoamericanos se miran en el espejo de su arte
Authors: Jiménez Moreno Carlos
Published: June 2020

Este artículo se centra en “Versiones del Sur” (2000-2001) y “Perder la forma humana” (2012-2013), dos exposiciones de arte latinoamericano que se distinguen de las restantes de su género realizadas en España por el hecho de ser las primeras cuyos comisarios fueron latinoamericanos. Se analizan sus conceptos y contenidos y —con el fin de poner de presente diferencias entre las miradas angloamericanas e iberoamericanas de dicho arte— se contrastan con los de las dos exposiciones que ofrecieron igualmente ambiciosas panorámicas del arte de dicho continente: “Arte Iberoamericano.1820-1980” (1988 -1989) y “Artistas latinoamericanos del siglo XX” (1992 -1993).
Un momento relevante en la historia de la crítica artística latinoamericana de la segunda mitad del siglo XX: el simposio de Austin (1975)
Authors: Nuez Santana José Luis de la
Published: June 2020

Este texto está centrado en el análisis de los contenidos de los debates del simposio de arte y literatura celebrado en Austin, Estados Unidos, en octubre de 1975. El propósito de dicho análisis persigue contextualizar culturalmente las discusiones habidas y distinguir las distintas orientaciones críticas en el mudo artístico, tanto entre latinoamericanos y estadounidense como entre los propios artistas y críticos latinoamericanos.
“Scriptor noster maior de arabico”, la escribanía de árabe en los reinos cristianos hispánicos
Authors: Marchant Rivera Alicia , Barco Cebrián Lorena
Published: June 2020

El presente trabajo alberga como principal objetivo provocar una revisión historiográfica del tema propuesto, para sustentar así el acercamiento, análisis y estudio de la escribanía de árabe en los reinos cristianos hispánicos entre el siglo XIII y el tránsito a la Modernidad. Para ello, se llevará a cabo una labor de recuperación del patrimonio bibliográfico que transitará por los estudios de documentación romanceada conservada en los archivos españoles y los diversos trabajos de las últimas cuatro décadas que examinan las figuras colindantes de judíos escribanos, trujamanes de árabe, escribanos moriscos, mudéjares diplomáticos y escribanos romanceadores. De este modo, hilvanando los resultados geográfica y diacrónicamente, se pretende ofrecer una visión lo más completa, uniforme y documentada posible sobre esta figura semiinstitucionalizada, que desempeñó labores de escritura cuando se precisaba, siempre tras la conquista de un territorio dominado por el Islam; y que, pasado un tiempo, cuando los habitantes de la zona aprendían la lengua de los vencedores, dejaba de hacer falta y, sencillamente, desaparecía.
Geoff Eley: sociedad, política e ideología en la historiografía alemana (1974-1984)
Authors: Olivera Gastón Alejandro
Published: June 2020

Este trabajo aborda la trayectoria intelectual del historiador británico Geoff Eley para dar cuenta de los debates contemporáneos de los historiadores sobre su disciplina. Hace hincapié en la etapa en que éste ingresó al campo historiográfico analizando su práctica y experiencia como historiador del pasado alemán. Para ello toma en consideración sus producciones iniciales, desde la tesis doctoral presentada en 1974 –todavía hoy inédita-, pasando por la serie de artículos críticos aparecidos en revistas especializadas durante la segunda mitad de esa década, hasta su opera prima publicada en 1980 y ampliada en la edición inglesa de 1984. Este estudio de caso permite considerar de primera mano el modo en que un historiador en formación afrontó los problemas de la historia social, en el plano conceptual tanto como en el metodológico, en momentos en que ésta se consolidaba como nuevo paradigma historiográfico en los países occidentales. Nuestra hipótesis es que a consecuencia del doble frente de sus «batallas por la historia», de un lado con la nueva ortodoxia post-Fischer en Alemania Occidental y del otro al interior de la variada tradición marxista (en especial británica), su consolidación en los medios académicos a fines de la década de 1970 se dio no ya en tanto «historiador social» sino como temprano mediador entre una historia social en crisis y una historia cultural que emergía incipientemente.