bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A importância do trabalho com jogos para o ensino de matemática
Authors: Pova Rosilene , Andrade Maria de Fátima Ramos , Silvia Moço Aparício Ana
Published: May 2022

Este artigo tem como tema as contribuições de trabalhos acadêmicos referentes ao uso do jogo no ensino da Matemática para os Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Para a realização do estudo, procuramos, incialmente, identificar, na base de dados da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) e da Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD), a produção científica que tivesse como descritores os termos “jogo”, “ensino da Matemática” e o “Ensino Fundamental”. Com análise dos trabalhos selecionados, concluímos que o uso pedagógico do jogo, para o ensino da Matemática, depende de como ele está inserido no planejamento escolar e de como é trabalhado pelo professor. A análise dos dados aponta a importância do jogo para aprendizagem da Matemática, a necessidade de se discutir as estratégias que são utilizadas nos jogos e uma prática pedagógica que considere o protagonismo da criança.
New landmarks for the digital economy: on the relationship between eco-nomic complexity and material well-being
Authors: Afanasiev Mikhail
Published: May 2022

The results presented in the article develop the instrumental basis of the digital economy and the methodology for choosing priority areas of diversification. Estimates of the economic complexity of 80 Russian regions and 82 sectors of the economy were obtained. It is shown that regions with developed sectors of the extractive industry have relatively low estimates of economic complexity. According to 2019 data, the regions are divided into two groups with high and low estimates of economic complexity. For each group, a significant relationship between estimates of the economic complexity of the regions and indicators of per capita income was revealed. The increment of the average per capita income as a result of the increase in the economic complexity of the region is estimated. Information about the impact of economic complexity on well-being is one of the possible forms of digital support for strategic decision-making.
KÜLTÜR TURİZMİNDE GELENEKSEL SPORLARIN YERİ VE ÖNEMİ
Authors: KARCIOĞLU Uğur , SÖYLEMEZ Beyazıt
Published: May 2022

Dünyada etkili olan turizm çeşitlerinden birisi de şüphesiz ki kültürel anlamda yapılan turizmdir. Kültür turizmi, günümüz dünyasında turistik bir ürün olmakla beraber farklı temalar da içerdiği için gittikçe popüler olmaya başlamıştır. Dünya Turizm Örgütü’nün yaptığı tahminlere göre kültürel turizm, uluslararası turizm hareketliliği ile birlikte son zamanlarda önemli artışlar göstererek Avrupa, Ortadoğu ve Asya bölgelerinde daha da artmaya devam edecektir.
Türkiye, kültür turizminin potansiyeli açısından önemli bir coğrafyada yer almaktadır. Çünkü tarih boyunca dünyanın en eski uygarlıklarına ev sahipliği yapmıştır. Ayrıca geçmişin ihtişamını geleceğe taşıyan geleneksel sporları yaşayıp ve yaşatması nedeniyle kültürel zenginlikleri açısından dünyada göz kamaştıran yerler arasındadır. Ancak sahip olduğu kültürel zenginliklerin yeteri kadar değerlendirilememesinden dolayı kültür turizminin tatil turizmine göre daha fazla gölgede kaldığı görülmektedir. Yapılan “Kültürel Turizm’de Geleneksel Sporların Yeri ve Önemi” konulu çalışma ile Türkiye’de organize edilen kültür turlarına katılım sağlayan yerli ve yabancı turistlerin kişisel özellikleri ve sosyo-kültürel özellikleri dikkate alınarak bu turların güzergâhlarında bulunan geleneksel spor turizminin canlılığına olan etkisi incelenmeye çalışılmıştır.
Yapılan bu çalışmanın diğer bir amacı, kültürel turizmin çerçevesinde bulunan geleneksel spor ve oyunların uluslararası bir boyut kazanmasını sağlayarak dört mevsimde de bu sporların yapıldığı yerlerin kurtarıcısı haline getirmektir. Araştırmanın ana kitlesini Erzurum, Erzincan, Bayburt, Kars, Ardahan, Sivas, İstanbul ve Uşak illerinde düzenlenen organizasyonlar oluşturmaktadır. Yapılan araştırma sonucuna göre geleneksel sporlar ile ilgili düzenlenen festivaller son zamanlarda eski canlılığına ulaşmaya başlamıştır. Fakat bu sporların devletin turizme yönelik olan politikaları ve bu alandaki yatırımları kapsamında gerçek yerini aldığı zaman hem sporların gelişimi konusunda hem de yapıldıkları bölgenin turizm canlılığına çok önemli yararlar sağlayacağı gözlemlenmiştir.
Inter-eye Comparison of the Lamina Cribrosa Depth in Patients with Bilateral Normal-tension Glaucoma with Asymmetrical Damage
Authors: Lee Jae Yeon , Kasani Payam Hosseinzadeh , Kwon Sung Ok , Kim Jeong-Ah
Published: May 2022

Purpose: To evaluate the association between lamina cribrosa depth (LCD) and the severity of glaucomatous damage in patients with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG).Methods: The optic nerve heads (ONHs) of patients with bilateral NTG showing asymmetrical damage were scanned using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. LCDs were measured on ONH horizontal B-scan images at three locations equidistant across the vertical optic disc diameter and compared between the more damaged and contralateral eyes. Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to identify ocular risk factors associated with more severe damage between the eyes.Results: One hundred and four eyes of 52 patients with bilateral NTG were included. The mean age was 66.0 ± 15.0 years; there were 31 males and 21 females. The more damaged eyes exhibited a higher baseline intraocular pressure (IOP) (p < 0.001), a thinner global retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (p < 0.001), and worse visual field mean deviation (p < 0.001) and a pattern standard deviation (p < 0.001), than the contralateral eyes. In contrast, we found no significant inter-eye difference in either the spherical equivalent or the axial length. The average LCD was significantly larger in the more damaged eyes (529.4 ± 116.7 vs. 482.9 ± 107.5 μm, p < 0.001). On conditional logistic regression analysis, the higher the baseline IOP (p = 0.006) and the larger the LCD (p = 0.003), the higher the risk of having more severe damage compared to the contralateral eye under similar systemic conditions.Conclusions: The LCD was significantly larger in the more damaged eyes of patients with bilateral NTG, suggesting that LC deformation might be associated with glaucomatous ONH damage in NTG eyes.
Asymmetric Bilateral Inferior Oblique Transposition of a Bilateral Inferior Oblique Overaction Associated with Dissociated Vertical Deviation
Authors: Park Won Kyung , Kim Seung-Hyun
Published: May 2022

Purpose: Inferior oblique overaction with a dissociated vertical deviation occurs secondary to infantile exotropia or esotropia. In terms of correction, asymmetric bilateral inferior oblique transposition has been the treatment of choice, but the surgical amount depended largely on the surgeon’s experience. We report successful bilateral inferior oblique transposition using our own standard methods.Methods: We performed a retrospective medical chart review of patients with bilateral inferior oblique overaction and dissociated vertical deviation who underwent bilateral inferior oblique transposition at the Korea University Medical Center from January 2013 to December 2020. We performed either symmetric or asymmetric transposition; the reattachment sites of the bilateral inferior obliques were determined according to preoperative differences of the inter-eye deviations of dissociated vertical deviation. When the differences were < 5 prism diopters, correction was considered successful. To avoid the development of anti- elevation syndrome, the inferior oblique muscles were re-attached near the equator.Results: Twenty-three patients were analyzed, all of whom underwent bilateral inferior oblique transposition; 12 required additional horizontal muscle surgery. The deviation difference (both eyes) and inferior oblique overaction grade were significantly lower postoperatively. We did not encounter any case of anti-elevation syndrome.Conclusions: The surgical extent of asymmetric bilateral inferior oblique transposition should reflect the difference in dissociated vertical deviation the two eyes.
Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome with Multiple Orbital Myositis in a Patient with Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Seo Yong Hoon , Lee Joo Hwang , Oh Shin Yeop
Published: May 2022

Purpose: We report a case of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome with multiple orbital myositis identified via orbital magnetic resonance imaging in a patient with Crohn's disease who developed right eye pain and binocular horizontal diplopia.Case summary: A 46-year-old woman visited our clinic with a 2-month history of right eye pain and migraine, as well as a 3-day history of acute horizontal diplopia. She had previously been diagnosed with Crohn's disease and was taking immunosuppressive drugs. In the eye movement test, esotropia and an abduction limitation of -3.0 in the right eye were observed on the Krimsky test. There were no specific findings in anterior segment and fundus examinations. Orbital magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple extraocular muscle enhancement in the right eye and multiple extraocular muscle hypertrophy in the left eye. The patient was diagnosed with binocular multiple orbital myositis and right Tolosa-Hunt syndrome; she was treated with high-dose steroids for 3 days followed by lower dose oral medications. During the first week of treatment, the right eye pain disappeared and the right eye abduction limitation showed slight improvement. After 3 months of treatment, the right eye abduction limitation and esotropia completely disappeared.Conclusions: Orbital myositis and Tolosa-Hunt syndrome are idiopathic, nonspecific chronic granulomatous diseases with painful ophthalmoplegia. We describe a rare case in which the two diseases appear together.
Estudo infodemiológico das tendências de buscas relacionadas à COVID-19 no Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Thalita Zago , Cunha João Paulo Alves , Lopes Vinícius Detoni , Rodrigues João Paulo Vilela , Cavalcante Santos Lincoln Marques , Varallo Fabiana Rossi , Pereira Leonardo Régis Leira
Published: May 2022

Após o anúncio da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) sobre a pandemia por COVID-19, buscas relacionadas ao tema geraram uma infodemia. Neste contexto, a infodemiologia permite a compreensão da tendência de comportamento na internet. Os objetivos deste estudo foram analisar, por meio do Google Trends, a evolução das tendências de buscas na internet sobre medicamentos relacionados ao COVID-19 no contexto brasileiro e o impacto de determinados eventos políticos, sanitários e científicos que ocorreram sobre essa tendência. Os termos (n=52) e os eventos (n=38) entre 08 de dezembro de 2019 e 31 de maio de 2021 foram selecionados de acordo com o objetivo do estudo e o conhecimento científico prévio dos pesquisadores. Análise estatística foi aplicada para avaliar o interesse nos termos selecionados antes e após o evento, a associação deste com a variável preditora “porcentagem de primeiras doses aplicadas”, além da influência do tipo de evento no interesse pela busca. Nossos resultados mostraram um aumento das buscas sobre informações relacionadas aos medicamentos que fazem parte do “Kit Covid” ou “Tratamento Precoce”, assim como “Vacina” e “Vacinas” logo após a declaração de pandemia por COVID-19 pela OMS. Quanto aos fármacos aprovados para tratamento de COVID-19 no Brasil, a busca foi maior durante a primeira e segunda ondas da COVID-19 e com o avanço da vacinação, as buscas por “ivermectina” e “hidroxicloroquina” diminuíram. Os dados apresentados trazem à tona a procura por conhecimento sobre medicamentos pela população brasileira em um cenário pandêmico cujo acesso à informação é imediato, mas nem sempre confiável.
O atendimento na insuficiência cardíaca crônica e sua inserção nos cuidados paliativos
Authors: Destro Cleonilce Rodrigues de Souza , Destro Claudinei , Destro Lucas Rodrigues de Souza , Silva Rose Mary Costa Rosa Andrade , Pereira Eliane Ramos
Published: May 2022

Introdução: O presente estudo tem o objetivo de refletir sobre o atendimento prestado pelos profissionais de saúde com formação em cardiologia aos portadores de insuficiência cardíaca crônica (ICC) e sua inserção nos cuidados paliativos (CP). Método: Estudo de caráter descritivo caracterizado como revisão narrativa de literatura. Foram utilizadas as bases de dados Pubmed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências de Saúde (LILACS), Web of Science e os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DECs) “insuficiência cardíaca crônica, fenomenologia, humanização do atendimento, espiritualidade, cuidados paliativos”. O texto foi organizado sob três aspectos: o clínico, o humanístico e o fenomenológico. Resultados: A pesquisa resultou em 20 artigos sobre o assunto, sua abordagem terapêutica e o comportamento dos profissionais de saúde frente aos portadores de ICC. Considerações finais: Há necessidade de um atendimento humanizado aos portadores de ICC e a abordagem de assuntos como espiritualidade e cuidados paliativos para estes indivíduos.
Non linear analysis of heart rate variability in HIV/AIDS infections
Authors: Accioly Marilita Falangola , Galdino Gabriela Aguiar Mesquita , Silva Gesileny Vieira , Neri Graziella Paula , Borges Gabriela Figueiredo , Moraes Fernanda Regina de
Published: May 2022

The availability of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) resulted in a drastic reduction of morbidity and mortality associated with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, the therapy has a series of adverse effects, including autonomic dysfunction. The analysis of HRV allows the evaluation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic involvement in the cardiac neuromodulation. Given the above, the objetives were: to verify whether HIV infections produce changes in cardiac autonomic modulation; to identify whether the cardiac autonomic modulation of the HIV-infected population is sensitive to respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA); and to investigate whether time to diagnosis of HIV infection influences HRV. A total of 49 individuals with HIV/AIDS and 21 healthy individuals were assessed. HRV measurements were taken for 20 minutes in the supine position, using the heart rate monitor Polar RS810CX, followed by the RSA maneuver. In both conditions, the RR intervals, typical of HRV, were analyzed by linear and nonlinear indices. Only two nonlinear indices, i.e., %REC and Shannon Entropy, showed statistically significant difference (p=0.004), when comparing both HIV/AIDS and control groups, indicating reduced HRV in the HIV/AIDS group. It is suggested that the RSA maneuver, in turn, improved the autonomic modulation, because the reduction of %REC after the maneuver indicates increase in the parasympathetic modulation. In this way, it is concluded that the HIV/AIDS group showed decreased HRV in the nonlinear analysis; and increased vagal modulation was observed during the ART maneuver. The time to diagnosis has shown to have no influence on HRV.
HTLV-1: fatores genéticos e epigenéticos associados ao desenvolvimento de leucemia/linfoma de células t do adulto
Authors: Anjos Gessica Hellen Silva dos , Tenório Klaudia Emanuela Ramos
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: Identificar possíveis fatores genéticos e epigenéticos associados ao desenvolvimento da leucemia/linfoma de células T do adulto. Metodologia: Trata-se de trabalho baseado na revisão integrativa da literatura. A busca por artigos foi realizada mediante o uso dos descritores indexados no DeCS (Descritores em Ciências de saúde) e MeSH (Medical Subject Headings), foram incluídos artigos publicados nos últimos 5 anos. Resultados e Discussão: O processo de carcinogênese que culmina na progressão a ATLL possui várias fases em um longo período de tempo. O início do processo neoplásico está relacionado à expressão da oncoproteína viral Tax, que induz a replicação e início do processo de expansão clonal. A oncoproteína HBZ e o RNA HBZ são continuamente transcritos nas células neoplásicas e influenciam no processo de proliferação celular e persistência viral. Além de fatores genéticos que geralmente são mediadas pelas proteínas Tax e HBZ também é necessário alterações epigenéticas, como a acetilação de histonas e metilação do DNA. Conclusão: conclui-se então que fatores genéticos como o Tax, HBZ, FYN, PLCG1, CD247, DLG1, VAV1, ERC1, PRKCQ, CARD11, RELA, IKBKB, TET1, TET2, MLL2, MLL3 DNMT1 e IRF4. E vias epigenéticas que atuam na metilação do DNA e na acetilação de histonas estão envolvidos no processo de carcinogênese mediado pelo HTLV-1.
Challenges of Remote/Flexible Teaching in Professional Technical and Technological Education in the Context of the COVID-19
Authors: Oliveira Junior Renato César , Silva Maikom Joaquim Barbosa Ecard da , Martins Hermelinda Peixoto Pereira , Tavares Vanessa de Medeiros Figueiredo , Silva Tatiane das Graças da , Azevedo Elizabeth Premoli , Vasconcelos Raíza Teixeira Griffo , Scarpati Evandro das Virgens , Barcelos João Paulo Martins
Published: May 2022

This article is the result of a systematic review on the challenges of Brazilian education in times of the COVID-19 pandemic and seeks to discuss remote/flexible teaching in Brazilian public schools, especially in the context of Vocational, Technical and Technological Education. The study proposes to discuss in the hybrid teaching perspective, pointed out by Bacich et al. (2015) and developed at the institutional level in the pandemic context during the process of readaptation and reorganization of schools in the use of digital platforms. For this, the choice was made by a qualitative research, through which we carried out bibliographic investigations, approaching the assumptions pointed out by Almeida; Dalben, 2020, which establishes the process of implementing flexible teaching adopted by Vocational, Technical and Technological Education, as well as Calejon & Brito, 2020 and Santana & Sales, which highlight the new methodologies and approaches used in the hybrid model and their importance in evaluation of pedagogical practices developed by education professionals during the Covid-19 pandemic. Among the results, we identified that Professional, Technical and Technological Education discussed the perspectives of the current moment and the return in the post-pandemic and developed didactic-pedagogical plans and actions that aimed to mitigate the impacts caused by COVID-19 to students.
Perfil de pacientes suspeitos e diagnosticados com COVID-19 que realizaram tomografia computadorizada em um Serviço de Radiologia: um estudo descritivo
Authors: Bertoldi Karine , Glaeser Alesandra , Nomura Aline Tsuma Gaedke , Bao Ana Cristina Pretto , Silveira Jeane Cristine de Souza , Barreto Luciana Nabinger Menna , Lauer Rodrigo D Avila , Timponi Sabrina Curia Johansson
Published: May 2022

O objetivo do estudo foi descrever o perfil demográfico e clínico de pacientes suspeitos e com diagnóstico confirmado de COVID-19 que realizaram tomografia computadorizada em um Serviço de Radiologia e caracterizar os exames realizados. Estudo de coorte retrospectiva, com captação de dados do prontuário eletrônico do paciente, realizado no Serviço de Radiologia de um hospital público do sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados de março a dezembro de 2020 e o trabalho foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da Instituição sob o número 2020-054. Foram incluídos no estudo 720 pacientes, sendo a maioria do sexo feminino e com idade superior a 60 anos. O tempo de internação médio foi de 21 dias. A maioria dos pacientes estudados apresentou um diagnóstico positivo para a COVID-19 e uma evolução clínica favorável, recebendo alta hospitalar. Em relação aos exames de tomografia computadorizada, prevaleceram aqueles para investigação do tórax seguido por exames de crânio. Podemos concluir que as tomografias computadorizadas foram de fundamental importância para o acompanhamento dos sintomas respiratórios associados à COVID-19 e suas comorbidades principalmente em pessoas com faixa etária elevada.
Doses crescentes de calcário associadas à adubação nitrogenada na cultura do milho
Authors: Fiorini Fabrício Vilela Andrade , Rezende Adauton Vilela de , Silva Gian Otávio Alves da , Prado Raphaela Aparecida Tomaz do , Alves Miguel Ribeiro
Published: May 2022

Objetivou-se avaliar doses crescentes de calcário associadas à adubação nitrogenada nas características agronômicas e valor nutricional da cultura do milho. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados (DBC) em esquema fatorial 5x2, sendo cinco níveis de calcário dolomítico (0; 2; 4; 6 e 8 toneladas por hectare) e duas doses de adubação nitrogenada (ureia protegida) em cobertura (100 e 150 kg por hectare), com 4 repetições. Avaliou-se as características agronômicas (arranque inicial e desenvolvimento das plantas, incidência de pragas e doenças, produtividade de matéria seca por hectare, altura de espigas, altura de plantas, produtividade de grãos por hectare e porcentagem de grãos ardidos) e o valor nutricional da planta inteira (pH da planta, proteína bruta, matéria mineral, fibra em detergente neutro, fibra em detergente ácido, lignina e digestibilidade in vitro da planta inteira e dos grãos em porcentagem da matéria seca). Não houve variação significativa nas características agronômicas, no entanto, houve alteração nas características nutricionais somente para lignina. Para as condições estudadas, doses crescentes de calcário associadas à adubação nitrogenada não promoveram melhorias nas características agronômicas, apenas alterou o teor de lignina no valor nutricional do milho. Mais estudos devem ser realizados sobre doses crescentes de calcário associadas à adubação nitrogenada na cultura do milho, principalmente em solos pobres quimicamente.
A statistical analysis of the relationship of civil construction GDP to cement production in Brazil
Authors: Souza Ana Carolina Rodrigues da Rocha , Gomes Helton Cristiano , Guimarães Irce Fernandes Gomes
Published: May 2022

The ICC plays an important role in the Brazilian economy. This participation in the country's GDP remains, on average, above 5% per year. Cement, one of the main resources in this context, is used in almost all types of constructions in the country. The Brazil are among the 10 largest producers in the world and cement be the main component of concrete, makes widely used. The generation of different data is the starting point for decisions, optimization and forecasting of the activities of this communication network. To transform this data into information, many institutions use with tools such as Data Science. In this sense, this article presents the result of analysis of the behavior of cement production in Brazil, based on results generated through Machine Learning. Trends and seasonality periods were identified, as well as prediction models for future periods were proposed. Verified the existence of a strong positive correlation between cement production and the ICC GDP in Brazil. Machine Learning models were proposed and compared to predict the ICC GDP based on the annual cement production in Brazil, which showed high accuracy. It was concluded that the Ensemble Learning methods adapted better to the data, especially Random Forest.
Câncer de laringe com HPV positivo: um estudo de caso
Authors: Zorzanelli Luisa Abreu , Tso Fernanda Kesselring , Lima Tatiana Megale de , Mattos Patricia Napoli Belfort , Lafraia Fernanda Marino , Trevizo Juliana Pagotto , Speck Neila Maria de Góis
Published: May 2022

Na atualidade a prevalência de neoplasia maligna da cavidade oral, em especial o  carcinoma de células escamosas, tem sido mais observada. No Brasil, o câncer de  boca representa a quinta neoplasia maligna mais predominante entre os homens e a  sétima entre as mulheres. Além dos fatores etiológicos como o tabaco e o álcool, nos  últimos anos, o Papilomavírus humano também tem sido associado ao  desenvolvimento do câncer de cabeça e pescoço. Portanto, o objetivo desse estudo foi apresentar um relato de caso de diagnóstico de carcinoma de células escamosas pouco diferenciado invasivo com HPV positivo orofaringe, em paciente do sexo feminino. O caso em questão demonstra a necessidade de melhor rastreio do câncer de cavidade oral, principalmente, na população imunodeprimida.
Bioavailabilitas Mineral Ca (in vitro) pada Jagung (Zea mays L), dengan Penambahan Asam Sitrat dan Fitase Bacilus subtilis HG
Authors: Kurniawati Yulia Ratri
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Background & Aims: Mineral Ca is the most abundant mineral in the human body. Lack of mineral Ca in the human body in the long term will result in loss and calcification. Corn is food ingredient that contains vegetable calcium, it is widely consumed by Indonesians. The purpose of the research to obtain information on the bioavailability of the mineral Ca (in vitro) in corn (Zea mays L) with the addition of citric acid and phytase’s Basillus subtilis HG isolate.Methods: The research consists of two steps. The first step is to determine the best treatment in reducing phytate acid in corn with variations of the submersion duration and the citric acid concentrate, with the variation of phytase enzyme concentrations. The second step is to determine the bioavailability of mineral Ca through in vitro proses. The data analysis used two way anova and one away anova.Results: The results of the research: 1) the best treatment to reduce phytate acid in found in the immersion of corn with 9% citric acid for 12 hours in the amount of 32.45%, whereas in the variation of the concentration of phytase enzyme 250µL/50mL in the amount 50.09%. 2) The highest bioavailability of mineral Ca through in vitro is in amount of 56.880% with 9% citric acid for 12 hours and with the increment of phytase enzyme 250µL/50mL.Conclusion: The increase in bioavailability of mineral Ca in corn (Zea mays L) was influenced by the addition of citric acid concentration, submersion duration, and the concentration of phytase enzyme. Research on mineral bioavailability can be further developed by examining other foodstuffs containing phytate acid, and carried out by more sophisticated methods and analyzed, and the methods that have been done can be used to study the degradation of phytate to other bivalent minerals.Keywords: bioavailability of mineral Ca; phytate acid; citric acid; phytase
Efek Ekstrak Air Kombinasi Daun Jati Belanda (Guazuma ulmifolia lamk.), Kemuning (Murraya paniculata (l.) Jack), Murbei (Morus alba l.), dan Rimpang Bangle (Zingiber purpureum roxb.) terhadap Derajat Perlemakan Hepar Tikus dengan Diet Tinggi Lemak
Authors: Krisnawati Dyah Ika
Published: May 2022

Fatty liver is an accumulation of lipid drops exceeding 5% of the total amount of liver, which can increase the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD is associated with dyslipidemia, which the treatments for both condition are in common. Jati Belanda leaves, Kemuning leaves, Murbei leaves and Bangle rhizome (JKMB) are often used alone or in combination to improve dyslipidemia, but their effect on the liver is unknown. This study used an experimental post test control group method where 25 rats were acclimatized for 2 weeks. After that, the rats were divided into 5 groups including KN : normal feed, KP : DTLM feed, D1 : DTLM+ JKMB extract dose 189 mg/200gbb, D2 : DTLM+ JKMB extract dose 378 mg/200gbb, D3 : DTLM+ JKMB extract dose 756 mg /200gbb and treated for 12 weeks. JKMB extract was obtained in a ratio of 8: 3: 3: 7. After that, the rats were sacrificed and the liver tissue was stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. HE preparations were performed to calculate the percentage of liver fat at 400x magnification with 5 fields of view per slide. The results of the normality (0.200> 0.05) and homogeneity test (0.558> 0.05) were found to be normal. The ANOVA test was found to be significantly different (0.000< 0.05). The Post Hoc test found that the negative control was significantly different from the positive control (0.000 < 0.05). Positive control did not differ significantly with treatment doses D1 (0.094>0.05), D2 (0.186>0.05) and D3 (0.734>0.05). From the results of the research above, it can be concluded that the combination of extracts of Jati Belanda leaves, Kemuning leaves, Murbei leaves and Bangle rhizome extracts could not reduce the percentage of fatty liver.
OPTIMALISASI PENGELOLAAN, PEMANFAATAN DAN PENGAWASAN DANA DESA DALAM MENINGKATKAN PEREKONOMIAN MASYARAKAT DESA DI PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Sinaga Anton Parlindungan
Published: May 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengelolaan, pemanfaatan dan pengawasan terhadap dana desa dalam rangka meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat desa di Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Lokasi yang ditentukan adalah Kabupaten Deli Serdang, Kabupaten Langkat, Kabupaten Karo dan Kabupaten Batubara. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, melakukan wawancara mendalam, menyebar kuesioner dan telaah dokumentasi. Teknik analisa data yang digunakan yaitu model interaktif Miles, huberman dan Saldana meliputi tahap pengumpulan data, kondensasi data, penyajian data serta penarikan kesimpulan.

 

Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa 1) Secara keseluruhan proses pengelolaan dana desa di Provinsi Sumatera Utara telah dilakukan sesuai dengan prosedur dan aturan peraturan perundang-undangan yang meliputi tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, penatausahaan, pertanggungjawaban dan pelaporan. 2) Pemanfaatan dana desa digunakan untuk pembangunan desa melalui pengembangan potensi desa sebagai upaya peneingkatan PAD dan ekonomi masyarakat yaitu melalui pembentukan BUMDesa, namun masih ada keterbatasan sumber daya manusia dalam mengelolanya. 3) Pengawasan dana desa telah dilakukan sesuai dengan standard an prosedur yang diatur dalam Permendagri no. 73 tahun 2020 sehingga dapat menghasilkan optimalisasi pengawasan dana desa dan meminimalisir penyimpangan dan konflik yang terjadi dalam pengelolaan dana desa. 4) Optimalisasi pengelolaan, pemanfaatan dan pengawasan dana desa dapat diselenggarakan dengan baik melalui meningkatkan kapasitas sumber daya dan potensi desa sehingga menjadi daya dukung pengelolaan, pemanfaatan dan pengawasan serta sebagai wujud nyata implementasi kebijakan desa tahun 2014.
A Corpus Assisted Positive Discourse Analysis of President Xi Jinping’s Speech at The National Assembly of Pakistan
Authors: Ali Arshad , Rashid Athar , Ahmed Munib
Published: May 2022

State visits to friendly countries are a contemporary global trend. The speeches of heads of state are analyzed from a variety of angles. Positive discourse analysis of international leaders' speeches has gained prominence, particularly in Pakistan, following the inauguration of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). This 42-billion-dollar project, which was officially launched in 2013, has sparked intense regional and international debate. The study employs corpus-based positive discourse analysis. It is a combination of concordance and appraisal research using Baker's lexical category model. The adjectives associated with lexical items are analyzed from a PDA perspective. Three appraisal resources have been used to evaluate Xi's speech: the attitude system, the engagement system, and the graduation system. Following the analysis, it is discovered that President Xi's speech contains numerous positive resources. He strives to build a brotherly relationship with his audience based on mutual equality, respect, love, and strategic partnership. President Xi used language that demonstrates increased engagement. The current study applies positive discourse analysis to the speeches of the Chinese president, opening up new avenues for appraisal theory research.
Equivalence and the Loss of Originality: A Comparative Study of English Translation of Selected Urdu Idioms
Authors: Satti Sumra M. J. , Ali Sikandar
Published: May 2022

This study attempts to examine the impact of equivalence and the loss of originality issues in the translated Idioms from Urdu to English. Equivalence is considered a principle concept in translation theory but it is replete with problems. This paper aims to highlight the loss of originality in the selected translated idioms because these are considered as frozen patterns of language that allow a very little or almost no variation in form and their meanings cannot be taken from their individual components as per the compositionality principle. i.e. the meaning of a sentence can be deduced from the individual meaning of words. This idea of transferring the different meanings and objectives of a given text poses an important question that the researcher tries to answer in this paper. “Does translation responsible for the loss of originality for being unable to find suitable equivalents at inter-lingual situations”? After reviewing the relevant literature and analyzing different translated idioms from Urdu to English, it elucidates that the translator must be well-educated about both languages and especially for the target language in terms of its norms, social and cultural values in order to produce an accurate translation. This study is qualitative in nature. The data is collected by the observation technique and analyzed from the perspective of equivalence and loss of originality between two languages i.e. English and Urdu.
International Law on Trafficking of Children for Domestic Work: An Analysis
Authors: Khan Ilyas , Khan Muhammad Aqeel , Ali Ashraf
Published: May 2022

Child trafficking is a rampant problem in the world. An indeterminately great number of men, women, and children have become prey to the trafficking of persons for sexual abuse, forced labor, and other forms of mistreatment at the international level. The purpose of this article is to analyze the Law of Nations on the trafficking of children for domestic work. The study further explained international instruments on the trafficking of children for household work and the important viewpoints of trafficking provided procedures for expanding policies to deals with the trafficking of children for domestic work. The anti-trafficking strategies in treaties, conventions, and protocols are particularly focused on policies to combat the trafficking of children for domestic work, as well as other human rights strategies focused, that obligate the countries to act against traffickers, save children from harm and be vulnerable to the trafficking of children and create a preventive structure for those been trafficked.
Exploring the Relationship between Effective Management & Social Equity: A CSR Perspective
Authors: Murad Muhammad , Bhatti Azhar , Bakar Abou , Ahmad Rashid , Khan Ali Junaid
Published: May 2022

The objective of this study is to identify the role of effective management in social equity in the micro-finance banking sector of Pakistan. It is understood that in the micro-finance banking sector, the deficiency of effective management is reported and it is creating hurdles in the way of promoting social equity in the banking sector. This study was based on the primary data collected on a five-point Likert questionnaire. The target population for this study was the employees and customers of the micro-finance banking sector of South Punjab. The results of this study demonstrate that there is a critical role for effective management to ensure the implementation of social equality practices in the banking sector to improve the loyalty of customers and the performance of the organization. This study fills in the gaps in the literature about the micro-finance banking sector by showing how corporate social responsibility, non-discrimination, and social awareness work together to create social equity.
BioViz Connect: Web Application Linking CyVerse Cloud Resources to Genomic Visualization in the Integrated Genome Browser
Authors: Raveendran Karthik , Freese Nowlan H. , Kintali Chaitanya , Tiwari Srishti , Bole Pawan , Dias Chester , Loraine Ann E.
Published: May 2022

Genomics researchers do better work when they can interactively explore and visualize data. Due to the vast size of experimental datasets, researchers are increasingly using powerful, cloud-based systems to process and analyze data. These remote systems, called science gateways, offer user-friendly, Web-based access to high performance computing and storage resources, but typically lack interactive visualization capability. In this paper, we present BioViz Connect, a middleware Web application that links CyVerse science gateway resources to the Integrated Genome Browser (IGB), a highly interactive native application implemented in Java that runs on the user’s personal computer. Using BioViz Connect, users can 1) stream data from the CyVerse data store into IGB for visualization, 2) improve the IGB user experience for themselves and others by adding IGB specific metadata to CyVerse data files, including genome version and track appearance, and 3) run compute-intensive visual analytics functions on CyVerse infrastructure to create new datasets for visualization in IGB or other applications. To demonstrate how BioViz Connect facilitates interactive data visualization, we describe an example RNA-Seq data analysis investigating how heat and desiccation stresses affect gene expression in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. The RNA-Seq use case illustrates how interactive visualization with IGB can help a user identify problematic experimental samples, sanity-check results using a positive control, and create new data files for interactive visualization in IGB (or other tools) using a Docker image deployed to CyVerse via the Terrain API. Lastly, we discuss limitations of the technologies used and suggest opportunities for future work. BioViz Connect is available from https://bioviz.org.
Biomimetic Exosomes: A New Generation of Drug Delivery System
Authors: Wang Xudong , Zhao Xian , Zhong Youxiu , Shen Jiuheng , An Wenlin
Published: May 2022

Most of the naked drugs, including small molecules, inorganic agents, and biomacromolecule agents, cannot be used directly for disease treatment because of their poor stability and undesirable pharmacokinetic behavior. Their shortcomings might seriously affect the exertion of their therapeutic effects. Recently, a variety of exogenous and endogenous nanomaterials have been developed as carriers for drug delivery. Among them, exosomes have attracted great attention due to their excellent biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, low toxicity, and ability to overcome biological barriers. However, exosomes used as drug delivery carriers have significant challenges, such as low yields, complex contents, and poor homogeneity, which limit their application. Engineered exosomes or biomimetic exosomes have been fabricated through a variety of approaches to tackle these drawbacks. We summarized recent advances in biomimetic exosomes over the past decades and addressed the opportunities and challenges of the next-generation drug delivery system.
Integration of Bioglass Into PHBV-Constructed Tissue-Engineered Cartilages to Improve Chondrogenic Properties of Cartilage Progenitor Cells
Authors: Xue Ke , Zhang Shuqi , Ge Jin , Wang Qiang , Qi Lin , Liu Kai
Published: May 2022

Background: The Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) scaffold has proven to be a promising three-dimensional (3D) biodegradable and bioactive scaffold for the growth and proliferation of cartilage progenitor cells (CPCs). The addition of Bioglass into PHBV was reported to increase the bioactivity and mechanical properties of the bioactive materials.

Methods: In the current study, the influence of the addition of Bioglass into PHBV 3D porous scaffolds on the characteristics of CPC-based tissue-engineered cartilages in vivo were compared. CPCs were seeded into 3D macroporous PHBV scaffolds and PHBV/10% Bioglass scaffolds. The CPC–scaffold constructs underwent 6 weeks in vitro chondrogenic induction culture and were then transplanted in vivo for another 6 weeks to evaluate the difference between the CPC–PHBV construct and CPC–PHBV/10% Bioglass construct in vivo.

Results: Compared with the pure PHBV scaffold, the PHBV/10% Bioglass scaffold has better hydrophilicity and a higher percentage of adhered cells. The CPC–PHBV/10%Bioglass construct produced much more cartilage-like tissues with higher cartilage-relative gene expression and cartilage matrix protein production and better biomechanical performance than the CPC–PHBV construct.

Conclusion: The addition of Bioglass into 3D PHBV macroporous scaffolds improves the characteristics of CPC-based tissue-engineered cartilages in vivo.
Extremophilic Bacterium Halomonas desertis G11 as a Cell Factory for Poly-3-Hydroxybutyrate-co-3-Hydroxyvalerate Copolymer’s Production
Authors: Hammami Khouloud , Souissi Yasmine , Souii Amal , Ouertani Awatef , El-Hidri Darine , Jabberi Marwa , Chouchane Habib , Mosbah Amor , Masmoudi Ahmed Slaheddine , Cherif Ameur , Neifar Mohamed
Published: May 2022

Microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are biodegradable and biocompatible bio-based polyesters, which are used in various applications including packaging, medical and coating materials. In this study, an extremophilic hydrocarbonoclastic bacterium, previously isolated from saline sediment in the Tunisian desert, has been investigated for PHA production. The accumulation of intracellular PHA granules in Halomonas desertis G11 was detected by Nile blue A staining of the colonies. To achieve maximum PHA yield by the strain G11, the culture conditions were optimized through response surface methodology (RSM) employing a Box-Behnken Design (BBD) with three independent variables, namely, substrate concentration (1–5%), inoculum size (1–5%) and incubation time (5–15 days). Under optimized conditions, G11 strain produced 1.5 g/L (68% of DCW) of PHA using glycerol as a substrate. Application of NMR (1H and 13C) and FTIR spectroscopies showed that H. desertis accumulated PHA is a poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV). The genome analysis revealed the presence of typical structural genes involved in PHBV metabolism including phaA, phaB, phaC, phaP, phaZ, and phaR, coding for acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, acetoacetyl-CoA reductase, class I polyhydroxyalkanoates synthases, phasin, polyhydroxyalkanoates depolymerase and polyhydroxyalkanoates synthesis repressor, respectively. Glycerol can be metabolized to 1) acetyl-CoA through the glycolysis pathway and subsequently converted to the 3HB monomer, and 2) to propionyl-CoA via the threonine biosynthetic pathway and subsequently converted to the 3HV monomer. In silico analysis of PhaC1 from H. desertis G11 indicated that this enzyme belongs to Class I PHA synthase family with a “lipase box”-like sequence (SYCVG). All these characteristics make the extremophilic bacterium H. desertis G11 a promising cell factory for the conversion of bio-renewable glycerol to high-value PHBV.
Developmental Neuropathology and Neurodegeneration of Down Syndrome: Current Knowledge in Humans
Authors: Hasina Zinnat , Wang Nicole , Wang Chi Chiu
Published: May 2022

Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) suffer from developmental delay, intellectual disability, and an early-onset of neurodegeneration, Alzheimer’s-like disease, or precocious dementia due to an extra chromosome 21. Studying the changes in anatomical, cellular, and molecular levels involved may help to understand the pathogenesis and develop target treatments, not just medical, but also surgical, cell and gene therapy, etc., for individuals with DS. Here we aim to identify key neurodevelopmental manifestations, locate knowledge gaps, and try to build molecular networks to better understand the mechanisms and clinical importance. We summarize current information about the neuropathology and neurodegeneration of the brain from conception to adulthood of foetuses and individuals with DS at anatomical, cellular, and molecular levels in humans. Understanding the alterations and characteristics of developing Down syndrome will help target treatment to improve the clinical outcomes. Early targeted intervention/therapy for the manifestations associated with DS in either the prenatal or postnatal period may be useful to rescue the neuropathology and neurodegeneration in DS.
Activation of PI3K/p110α in the Lung Mesenchyme Affects Branching Morphogenesis and Club Cell Differentiation
Authors: Dai Haiting , Zhu Mingli , Li Wenya , Si Guohui , Xing Yiming
Published: May 2022

Epithelial–mesenchymal interaction is required for normal growth, morphogenetic patterning, and cellular differentiation in developing lungs. Various signaling pathways have been defined in establishing the patterning of this branched organ. The phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) signaling plays an important role in disease pathogenesis but remains largely uncharacterized in embryonic development. In this study, we activated a specific catalytic subunit of PI3K catalytic enzymes, Class IA p110α (p110α), in the embryonic lung mesenchyme using the Dermo1-Cre mouse. Activation of p110α promoted branching morphogenesis and blocked club cell differentiation in both proximal and distal airways. Mechanistically, the LIM homeodomain gene Islet-1 (Isl1), fibroblast growth factor 10 (Fgf10), and SRY (sex-determining region Y)-box9 (Sox9) were found to be downstream targets of p110α. The significantly increased expressions of Isl1, Fgf10, and Sox9 resulted in the stimulation of branching in mutant lungs. Activation of p110α-mediated signaling also increased the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (Pten) and hairy/enhancer of split 1 (Hes1), which in turn blocked club cell differentiation. Thus, the signaling pathway by which PI3K/p110α-regulated epithelial–mesenchymal interactions may entail Isl1–Fgf10–Sox9 and Pten–Hes1 networks, which consequently regulate branching morphogenesis and club cell differentiation, respectively.
Differentiation Capacity of Human Urine-Derived Stem Cells to Retain Telomerase Activity
Authors: Shi Yingai , Liu Guihua , Wu Rongpei , Mack David L. , Sun Xiuzhi Susan , Maxwell Joshua , Guan Xuan , Atala Anthony , Zhang Yuanyuan
Published: May 2022

Telomerase activity is essential for the self-renewal and potential of embryonic, induced pluripotent, and cancer stem cells, as well as a few somatic stem cells, such as human urine-derived stem cells (USCs). However, it remains unclear how telomerase activity affects the regeneration potential of somatic stem cells. The objective of this study was to determine the regenerative significance of telomerase activity, particularly to retain cell surface marker expression, multipotent differentiation capability, chromosomal stability, and in vivo tumorigenic transformation, in each clonal population of human primary USCs. In total, 117 USC specimens from 10 healthy male adults (25–57 years of age) were obtained. Polymerase chain reaction amplification of a telomeric repeat was used to detect USCs with positive telomerase activity (USCsTA+). A total of 80 USCsTA+ (70.2%) were identified from 117 USC clones, but they were not detected in the paired normal bladder smooth muscle cell and bone marrow stromal cell specimens. In the 20–40 years age group, approximately 75% of USC clones displayed positive telomerase activity, whereas in the 50 years age group, 59.2% of the USC clones expressed positive telomerase activity. USCsTA+ extended to passage 16, underwent 62.0 ± 4.8 population doublings, produced more cells, and were superior for osteogenic, myogenic, and uroepithelial differentiation compared to USCsTA−. Importantly, USCs displayed normal chromosome and no oncological transformation after being implanted in vivo. Overall, as a safe cell source, telomerase-positive USCs have a robust regenerative potential in cell proliferation and multipotent differentiation capacity.