bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Employee Engagement on Employee Retention: The Role of Psychological Capital, Control at Work, General Well-Being and Job Satisfaction
Authors: Ashraf Tehseena , Siddiqui Danish Ahmed
Published: March 2020

Employee engagement and retention is a promising area in management as well as psychology. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of employee engagement (EE) on their retention (ER). We proposed a theoretical framework model explaining how employee engagement affects their retention. The original model linked engagement with control at work (CAW) and general well-being (GWB) through psychological capital (PsyCap). We extended this model by linking CAW and GWB to employee retention. We further added job satisfaction (JS) as a mediator between EE and ER. To establish its empirical validity, we conducted a survey from 200 employees working in different companies in Pakistan by using a close ended likert scale type questionnaire. Data was analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Findings suggested a positive significant relationship between EE and ER. PsyCap, CAW and JS play a significant mediator role for EE and ER, only GWB does not mediates the relationship between EE and ER. This research will help in understanding how to retain employees and mounting their psychological capital through training and development, since when employees will be happy and motivated, they can perform well and will have job satisfaction. As a result, the level of intention of employees to leave would be low. This study is preliminary the first to investigate the association between EE and ER through many other constructs (PsyCap, CAW, GWB and JS) in the Pakistani context.
Patient Psychopathology and the Management of Clinical Dilemmas in Psychotherapy: A Qualitative Analysis of Clinical Decision-Making
Authors: Trasmundi Sarah B. , Bloch Marie S. , Høgenhaug Stine S. , Jensen Vicki T. , Wrist Katharina K. , Jensen Thomas W. , Steffensen Sune V.
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Clinical dilemma management is an important part of daily decision-making processes in psychotherapy, and hence important for the quality of mental healthcare. However, the situated particularities of such dilemmas have been given little systematic attention – both in research and in practice, even though an improved understanding of the nature of clinical dilemmas is a central key to managing dilemmas successfully.

Method: Eight cases of authentic clinical dilemma management in psychotherapy have been analysed from the perspective of interaction analysis and psychopathology. The article uses video data and narrative interviews from a larger cognitive ethnography study conducted at a psychiatric Hospital in Denmark.

Results: The analysis demonstrates how clinical dilemma management in psychotherapy is particularly difficult due to the nature of a patient’s psychopathology. Thus, it is often difficult to discern whether a given dilemma is intrinsically ethical, or if it is a manifestation of the patient’s pathology. Two overall interaction patterns were identified: In the first pattern, the therapist fails to manage the clinical decision-making in accordance with the therapeutic goal, which strengthens the patient’s psychopathological behaviour, for instance by giving in and do what the patient demands. In the second pattern, the therapist uses the situation as an opportunity to work with the patient’s psychopathological behaviour in situated interaction.

Conclusion: This article presents a model for integrating an understanding of patient pathology into clinical and ethical decision-making. It establishes a window into how psychotherapists manage clinical dilemmas (successfully or not) through interaction. This illustration might impact on how we address, evaluate and understand clinical and ethical dilemma management, which again can contribute to the reduction of moral distress amongst healthcare practitioners, as well as amongst patients.
An Evaluation of the Potentials of Moringa oleifera Lam), A Vegetable and Hedgerow Plant for Diet Supplements and Multipurpose Utilizations
Authors: Salami A. O. , Nwadike C.
Published: March 2020

A survey was carried out to evaluate the potentials of Moringa oleifera (Lam) within and outside the Kano metropolis of Kano state, Nigeria, where it serves as vegetable and hedgerow plant for diet supplements and multipurpose utilizations. Structured interview was used with a total of 100 respondents, randomly spread. In the Kano metropolis, which falls within the Kano city, 4 Local Government Areas (LGAs) were covered. These are: Nassarawa, Ungogo, Tarauni and Dala; while Madobi, Minjiibir, Garun Mallam and Dambatta LGAs were covered outside the Kano metropolis. Results of the structured interview using the Convenience Sampling Technique revealed that Moringa is very rich nutritionally, economically and medicinally. Moringa utilization cuts across various categories of people with 69% usage recorded for male and 40% for literate users, while students and civil servants had 21% each. Moringa farmers that cultivates simultaneously on farmlands and backyard gardens were however 73%. Analysis of results further indicated that the plant is rated very high as diet supplements in the state, owing to the fact that it is very rich nutritionally, apart from its economic and medicinal values. It is however recommended that its nursery propagation be encouraged, and community interest in its cultivation mobilized.
The Fruit of Confessing Lips
Authors: Foley Michael P. ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: March 2020

In an effort to identify the genre of the Confessions, this essay: 1) explains the patristic notion of confession and how Augustine expands upon this already-rich concept to include that of sacrifice; 2) offers an overview of Augustine’s pervasive sacrificial imagery in the Confessions, especially with respect to himself, Monica, Alypius, and the philosophi; and 3) teases out the implications of this imagery and how Augustine’s theology of sacrifice relates to the genre of his Confessions. We conclude the Confessions is best understood as a sacrifice offered to God by Augustine in his capacity as bishop on behalf of his readers so that they may join him in the transformative act of confessing.
The bees of the genus Centris Fabricius, 1804 described by Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Vivallo Felipe
Published: March 2020

In this paper the primary types of Centris bees described by the British entomologist Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell deposited in the Natural History Museum (London) and the Oxford University Museum of Natural History (Oxford) in the United Kingdom, as well as in the United States National Museum (Washington), American Museum of Natural History (New York), the Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University (Philadelphia), and in the California Academy of Sciences (San Francisco) in the United States were studied. To stabilize the application of the name C. lepeletieri (= C. haemorrhoidalis (Fabricius)), a lectotype is designated. The study of the primary types allow proposing the revalidation of C. cisnerosi nom. rev. from the synonymy of C. agilis Smith, C. nitida geminata nom. rev. from C. facialis Mocsáry, C. rufulina nom. rev. from C. varia (Erichson), C. semilabrosa nom. rev. from C. terminata Smith and C. triangulifera nom. rev. from C. labrosa Friese. Centris bakeri syn. nov., C. bimaculata carrikeri syn. nov., C. fusciventris matoensis syn. nov., C. heterodonta syn. nov. and C. elegans grenadensis syn. nov. are proposed as a new junior synonyms of C. varia, C. claripennis Friese nom. rev., C.  caurensis, C. dentata Smith and C. elegans Smith, respectively. Centris ruae is withdrawn from the synonymy of C. transversa Pérez and proposed as a new junior synonym of C. nitida Smith. In addition, a lectotype for C. buchholzi Herbst (= C. wilmattae) is designated. Information on the repository of the lectotype of C. lepeletieri and images of most primary types studied here are also provided.
Reconstruction of post-burn anterior neck contractures using a butterfly design free anterolateral thigh perforator flap
Authors: Lellouch Alexandre G. , Ng Zhi Yang , Pozzo Victor , Suffee Tabrez , Lantieri Laurent A.
Published: March 2020

Anterior neck burns represent a major reconstructive challenge due to severe sequalae including restriction in movement and poor aesthetic outcomes. Common treatment options include skin grafting with/without dermal matrices, and loco-regional and distant free flap transfers with/without prior tissue expansion. Such variation in technique is largely influenced by the extent of burn injury requiring resurfacing. In order to optimize like-for-like reconstruction of the anterior neck, use of wide, thin and long flaps such as the anterolateral thigh (ALT) perforator flap have been reported with promising results. Of note, some patients have a tendency towards severe scar contractures, which may be contributed by the greater extent of inflammation during wound healing. We report our experience at 4 years’ follow-up after secondary reconstruction of severe, anterior neck burn contractures in two patients by harvesting the ALT flap with a butterfly design. This technique provides adequate wound resurfacing of the burned neck and surrounding areas, and provides good neck extensibility by addressing both anterior and lateral aspects of the scar defect simultaneously. Such a flap design reduces tension on wound edges and thus, the risk of contracture recurrence in what remains a particularly challenging type of burn reconstruction.
Parallel-excision infrabrow blepharoplasty with extensive excision of the orbicularis oculi muscle in an Asian population
Authors: Lee Yoon Jae , Kim SeongAe , Lee Jisung , Chung Joong Geel , Jun Young Joon
Published: March 2020

Background Infrabrow blepharoplasty has become a common surgical method used to rejuvenate aged upper eyelids in Asians. In this paper, we describe the parallel excision method for infrabrow blepharoplasty as a useful alternative to the conventional elliptical excision method. The authors’ experience over a 3-year period is presented and reviewed.

Methods A retrospective review of parallel excision infrabrow blepharoplasty cases at our hospital between 2014 and 2017 was performed. Three oculoplastic surgeons compared preoperative and postoperative photographs using the Strasser grading system.

Results From the medical records of 123 patients, a total of 93 patients with moderate-to-severe bilateral dermatochalasis were selected as subjects. The exclusion criterion was levator function less than 8 mm. The total mean follow-up period was 2 years (range, 0.5–3.5 years). The mean skin excision height and width were 9.75 mm (range, 5–16 mm) and 58.51 mm (range, 42–75 mm), respectively. All patients who underwent surgery recovered without major complications, and all patients had high levels of satisfaction and improvements in their visual field. In the Strasser evaluation performed by the oculoplastic surgeons, most patients were found to have excellent results.

Conclusions The parallel excision method for infrabrow blepharoplasty is a safe and effective technique that yields more natural- and youthful-looking eyelids than the conventional elliptical excision method. In our method, more effective manipulation of the orbicularis oculi muscle led to a reduction in frontalis compensation, resolution of sunken eyelids, and correction of lateral hooding.
Volumetric change of the latissimus dorsi muscle after postoperative radiotherapy in immediate breast reconstruction with an extended latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap
Authors: Park Tae Seo , Seo Jung Yeol , Razzokov Anvar S. , Choi June Seok , Kim Min Wook , Lee Jae Woo , Kim Hyun Yeol , Jung Youn Joo , Choo Ki Seok , Song Kyeong Ho , Nam Su Bong
Published: March 2020

Background This study aimed to determine the magnitude of volume reduction of the latissimus dorsi (LD) muscle after treatment using only postoperative radiotherapy (PORTx) in patients who underwent immediate breast reconstruction using an extended LD musculocutaneous (eLDMC) flap after partial mastectomy.

Methods We retrospectively reviewed 28 patients who underwent partial mastectomy and an eLDMC flap, received only PORTx, and underwent chest computed tomography (CT) 7 to 10 days after surgery and 18±4 months after the end of radiotherapy, from March 2011 to June 2016. The motor nerve to the LD was resected in all patients. One plastic surgeon performed the procedures, and the follow-up period was at least 36 months (mean, 46.6 months). The author obtained LD measurements from axial CT views, and the measurements were verified by an experienced radiologist. The threshold for statistical significance was set at P<0.05.

Results A statistically significant decrease in the LD volume was found after the end of PORTx (range, 61.19%–80.82%; mean, 69.04%) in comparison to the measurements obtained 7 to 10 days postoperatively (P<0.05). All cases were observed clinically for over 3 years.

Conclusions The size of an eLDMC flap should be determined considering an average LD reduction of 69% after PORTx. Particular care should be taken in determining the size of an eLDMC flap if the LD is thick or if it occupies a large portion of the flap.
Carne, arena y otras realidades
Authors: Creus Amalia
Published: March 2020

En la intersección de las artes y el activismo, cada vez son más los creativos y realizadores socialmente comprometidos que recurren a la realidad virtual para interpelar nuestra conciencia y enfocar nuestra atención en los inmensos desafíos humanitarios de nuestro tiempo. En un momento histórico en que la aporofobia, el populismo y las noticias falsas están a la orden del día, las tecnologías virtuales sensoriales e inmersivas se ven como una herramienta poderosa para ayudarnos a conectar emocionalmente con las experiencias de los demás, generar compromiso ético y expandir nuestra capacidad de empatía social.
Laura Arnaiz Pérez: ''Ningún subtitulado es rentable de por sí''
Authors: Clares Gavilán Judith
Published: March 2020

En esta entrevista a Laura Arnaiz, jefa de Enlaces, Comunicaciones y Servicios Centrales de Telefónica-Movistar+, analizamos la estrategia de subtitulado que siguen en Movistar+ y reflexionamos sobre la viabilidad y rentabilidad de la difusión fílmica en lenguas minoritarias. En 2014 Movistar+ llegó a un acuerdo con el Departamento de Cultura de la Generalitat de Catalunya (Dirección General de Política Lingüística) y con la Viceconsejería de Política Lingüística del Gobierno Vasco para promover la subtitulación de películas y series en catalán y en euskera. En el año 2016 la práctica totalidad de las películas que estrenó Movistar+ Estrenos incorporaron subtitulación opcional en catalán y euskera. Lo mismo con las series en Movistar Series y Movistar Series Xtra. En 2017 el acuerdo con ambas entidades seguía vigente y el objetivo era alcanzar los mismos números obtenidos durante el año anterior.
¿Has pensado quiénes son tus 'influencers' en Twitter?
Authors: López-Borrull Alexandre
Published: March 2020

Durante las fiestas navideñas, entre reflexiones de un año muy convulso y los retos para el próximo, me puse a pensar en cuáles eran aquellas personas que, aportando contenidos en Twitter, me hacían crecer a nivel académico. Es cierto que muchos de los perfiles que sigo son instituciones que hacen una buena curación de contenidos y que nos aportan mucho, pero una buena parte de sus publicaciones son noticias para estar al día de las novedades en nuestro mundo.
#SocialTv: Twitter y el consumo televisivo
Authors: Montaña Blasco Mireia
Published: March 2020

Durante los últimos años hemos asistido a un gran cambio de hábitos en el consumo mediático de los consumidores, provocado sobre todo por el auge de los formatos multipantalla y las redes sociales.
La caída de Facebook (I)
Authors: Lalueza Ferran
Published: March 2020

Hace cuatro años dos investigadores de la prestigiosa Princeton University pronosticaron que, en 2017, Facebook habría perdido el 80% de sus usuarios. Bien adentrados ya en el 2018, podemos constatar que tales augurios fueron erróneos, aunque tal vez no fueran del todo disparatados.
La caída de Facebook (y II)
Authors: Lalueza Ferran
Published: March 2020

En la primera entrega de este artículo, pronosticamos que el liderazgo de Facebook como red social hegemónica se desvanecería en un período de tres o cuatro años. Ahora expondremos los siete factores en los que se fundamenta nuestra predicción.
Enfocando la distorsión de las 'fake news'
Authors: Martínez Martínez Silvia
Published: March 2020

No hay duda de que las fake news se han convertido en una de las expresiones de moda de los últimos meses. Ciudadanos, medios de comunicación y, especialmente, políticos la han popularizado y la han convertido en centro de interés, debate y monitorización. Al margen de defensores y detractores del término, lo cierto es que apela a un fenómeno complejo en el que se entremezclan problemáticas, visiones e intereses diversos que distorsionan la realidad y dificultan enfocarla.
Let's get Lost. Crónicas de una retratista en la intimidad ajena
Authors: Martorell Sandra
Published: March 2020

Eran cerca las once de la noche cuando sonó el teléfono. Hacía días que no lo apagaba ni para ir a dormir por si tenía que levantarme de la cama y salir corriendo. «Ven —me decía— no sé si es este el momento, pero necesito que estés aquí». Me puse la chaqueta, cogí el coche y me fui directa para allá. Las contracciones eran dolorosas y a menudo teníamos que pausar la conversación y esperar a que pasaran. Mientras tanto él calculaba el tiempo entre una y otra.
Creatividad masiva
Authors: Sivera Sílvia
Published: March 2020

Durante el mes de mayo de 2018, todo el mundo (destaquémoslo, aumentémoslo, repitámoslo) TODO EL MUNDO que quiera mejorar sus capacidades creativas podrá seguir el MOOC de Creatividad y Pensamiento Lateral, ofrecido gratuitamente por UOC X y Míriada X y diseñado desde los Estudios de Ciencias de la Información y la Comunicación con Anouk Suñer-Rabaud, consultora creativa, coach y master-practitionner en programación neurolingüística (PNL). Apúntate: cuantos más seamos, más crearemos.
Las campañas electorales del espectáculo. ¿Nos estamos americanizando?
Authors: Roca Trenchs Núria
Published: March 2020

Las redes sociales y las plataformas digitales se han convertido en escenario de campañas electorales y pueden ser determinantes para ganar o perder unas elecciones. Estados Unidos son un referente, sobre todo, después de la «Revolución Obama». Los países más democratizados están tentados a imitar su modelo, que, además, convierte el panorama preelectoral en un auténtico espectáculo. Pero ¿cómo se traduce esta influencia en la realidad? ¿Las campañas electorales se están americanizando?
“Pseudo-catharsis” as a formula of combinatorial art on the example of the Newest Hollywood cinematography of Wachowski-Nolan generation (late XX –early XX centuries)
Authors: Perestoronina Margarita Gennad'evna
Published: March 2020

Based on the views of the Doctor of Art History A. A. Artyukh on the shift of paradigms in development of the contemporary cinematic art and methodology of science of P. Feyerabend (the concept of epistemological anarchism), backed by the thesis of N. A. Osminskaya on the outlook of G. Leibniz upon combinatorial art, this article on the example of the Newest Hollywood “art-blockbuster” meticulously analyzes the impact of a universal formula of “pseudo-catharsis” upon the audience, which turns it into a consumer of cinematographic product. It is demonstrated how an “art-blockbuster” each time is able to bring the audience into a cathartic condition that constantly keep it in a captivated sensible tension and excitement during watching a movie, and in a permanent anticipation of the sequel afterwards. Within the framework of interdisciplinary approach, the author correlates the scientific-theoretical. Culturological and aesthetic views on the development of Newest Hollywood cinematography, determines a universal formula of “pseudo-catharsis” and its impact upon the audience. The author’s main contribution to this research consists in revealing a universal formula of “pseudo-catharsis” on the example of the Newest Hollywood “art-blockbusters” of Wachowski-Nolan generation that turn the audience into a consumer of cinematographic product; and in the culture overall, within the framework of postmodern aesthetics, develops a sense of combinatorial, rather than eclectic capabilities.
Kajian Literatur Sistematis: Skema Pengendalian Biaya dalam Asuransi Kesehatan Nasional di Beberapa Negara
Authors: Pujiyanti Eka , Setiawan Ery , Jasmin Euis Ratnasari , Suwandi Indah Pratiwi
Published: March 2020

AbstrakPengendalian biaya merupakan salah satu dari beberapa strategi untuk memastikan keseimbangan finansial dari skema asu­ransi kesehatan nasional. Beberapa model pengendalian biaya yang umum digunakan secara global yaitu seperti cost-shar­ing, capping, dan sebagainya. Review ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menentukan biaya dan dampak dari implementasi skema kebijakan sebagai instrumen pengendalian biaya di berbagai negara. Review sistematis dilakukan dengan mengambil data dari beberapa database yaitu Proquest, Pubmed, dan Cochrane Library dengan intervensi utamanya yaitu menggu­nakan metode cost-sharing. Hasil dari review difokuskan pada skema pengendalian biaya dari perspektif pemerintah, yaitu lingkup asuransi sosial yang dapat berupa modifikasi sistem pembayaran, cost-sharing, capping/quota, dan waiting period. Berdasarkan salah satu studi di Kanada, dapat dilihat bahwa dihasilkan dampak yang signifikan pada sistem kesehatan, mengurangi pengeluaran dan penggunaan obat yang tidak esensial, serta secara tidak langsung meningkatkan efisiensi pasar obat melalui kepedulian peserta dalam penggunan obat. Dalam penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi dari skema pengendalian biaya dapat mengurangi risiko bahaya dari perspektif peserta dengan kontribusi tambahan pada penggunaan pelayanan kesehatan. AbstractCost-containment is one of several strategies to ensure the financial sustainability of the National Health Insurance scheme. Sev­eral cost-containment models were commonly globally, such as cost-sharing, capping, and others. This review aims to determine the costs and impacts of implemented policy schemes as cost-containment instruments in various countries. We performed a systematic review from several primary databases (Proquest, Pubmed, and Cochrane Library) with the primary intervention are the cost-sharing methods. The results of our review focused on the cost containment scheme from the government perspective, in which the context of social insurance can be a modification of payment systems, cost-sharing, capping/quota, and waiting period. From one of the studies in Canada, we can see that the result has a significant impact on the health system, reducing the expendi­ture and the use of drugs that are not essential, and also indirectly improve the technical efficiency of the drug market through the care of participants in drug utilisation. In this research, it can be concluded that the implementation of cost containment schemes can reduce the moral hazard risk from the perspective of participants with additional contributions to the utilisation of healthcare services
Kinerja Rumah Sakit Swasta dengan Pembayaran INA-CBGs di Era Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional: Casemix, Casemix Index, Hospital Base Rate
Authors: Nurwahyuni, SKM, MKes Dr. Atik , Setiawan Ery Setiawan
Published: March 2020

Abstrak Pembayaran ke rumah sakit yang sebelumnya fee for service, pada era JKN diselenggarakan melalui pola DRG atau INA-CBGs. Rumah sakit swasta harus memonitor kinerjanya menggunakan indikator yang lazim digunakan dalam sistem pembayaran DRG yaitu casemix, casemix index dan Hospital base rate. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja rumah sakit swasta meliputi casemix, casemix index dan hospital base rate. Studi cross sectional ini dilakukan dengan sampel 7 RS yang dipilih secara purposif mewakili RS swasta kelas B, C, dan D yang tersebar di 6 provinsi. Casemix dan CMI RS sangat dipengaruhi oleh kapasitas RS sehingga RS kelas B memiliki casemix dan CMI lebih tinggi dari RS kelas C dan D. Terdapat fenomena CMI di RS kelas C lebih kecil dari kelas D yang kemungkinan disebabkan oleh akurasi koding. Kelengkapan dan ketepatan pengkodean diagnosis dan prosedur sangat berdampak pada besaran casemix dan CMI RS. Hampir semua RS memiliki HBR di atas HBR Nasional kecuali RSC3. Dapat dipastikan RSC3 mendapatkan profit dari implementasi INA-CBGs. Rumah sakit sebaiknya memonitor casemix, CMI dan HBR secara berkala. Kementerian Kesehatan diharapkan mempublikasikan cost weight dan HBR Nasional INA-CBGs serta besaran rata-rata casemix dan CMI menurut kelas RS agar dapat digunakan sebagai benchmark oleh RS. Abstract Private hospitals must monitor their performance using indicators commonly used in DRG payment systems: casemix, casemix index and hospital base rate. This study aims to analyze the performance of private hospitals including casemix, casemix index and hospital base rate. This cross sectional study was conducted with a sample of 7 hospitals selected purposively representing private hospital type B, C, and D in 6 provinces. Casemix and CMI RS are strongly influenced by the hospital capacity, which the hospitals class B have higher casemix and CMI than class C and D hospitals. There is a phenomenon, CMI in class C hospitals smaller than class D which is probably caused by coding accuracy. The completeness and accuracy of diagnosis and procedures coding predominating affect the casemix and CMI. Almost all hospitals have HBR which are higher than National HBR except RSC3. It definitely will trigger profit from the implementation of INA-CBGs. Hospitals should monitor casemix, CMI and HBR regularly. The Ministry of Health is expected to publish the Cost Weight and National HBR as well as the average of casemix and CMI according to class of hospital, for a benchmark by hospitals.
Microneedle manipulation of the mammalian spindle reveals specialized, short-lived reinforcement near chromosomes
Authors: Suresh Pooja , Long Alexandra F , Dumont Sophie
Published: March 2020

The spindle generates force to segregate chromosomes at cell division. In mammalian cells, kinetochore-fibers connect chromosomes to the spindle. The dynamic spindle anchors kinetochore-fibers in space and time to move chromosomes. Yet, how it does so remains poorly understood as we lack tools to directly challenge this anchorage. Here, we adapt microneedle manipulation to exert local forces on the spindle with spatiotemporal control. Pulling on kinetochore-fibers reveals the preservation of local architecture in the spindle-center over seconds. Sister, but not neighbor, kinetochore-fibers remain tightly coupled, restricting chromosome stretching. Further, pulled kinetochore-fibers pivot around poles but not chromosomes, retaining their orientation within 3 μm of chromosomes. This local reinforcement has a 20 s lifetime, and requires the microtubule crosslinker PRC1. Together, these observations indicate short-lived, specialized reinforcement in the spindle center. This could help protect chromosome attachments from transient forces while allowing spindle remodeling, and chromosome movements, over longer timescales.
Análisis espacial de las concentraciones de PM2,5 en Bogotá según los valores de las guías de la calidad del aire de la Organización Mundial de la Salud para enfermedades cardiopulmonares, 2014-2015
Authors: Rodríguez-Camargo Laura Andrea , Sierra-Parada Ronal Jackson , Blanco-Becerra Luis Camilo
Published: March 2020

Introducción. La Organización Mundial de la Salud señala que tres millones de muertes al año por enfermedades cardiopulmonares están relacionadas con la exposición a la contaminación del aire.Objetivo. Estimar las superficies de concentración de partículas en suspensión de menos de 2,5 μm (Particulate Matter, PM2,5) en Bogotá entre el 2014 y el 2015, clasificándolas según las guías de calidad del aire de la Organización Mundial de la Salud para enfermedades cardiopulmonares.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio ecológico mediante técnicas geoestadísticas. Se calcularon los promedios de PM2,5 en lapsos de seis horas a lo largo del día en cuatro franjas horarias. Las concentraciones se clasificaron según los valores diarios y anuales de las guías de calidad del aire de la OMS.Resultados. La localidad de Kennedy presentó las mayores concentraciones de PM2,5 en todas las franjas horarias. Los valores registrados en esta zona y clasificados según las guías diarias y anuales de calidad del aire, evidenciaron que la localidad presentaría un incremento de 1,2 % en la mortalidad cardiopulmonar en el corto plazo y de 9 % en el largo plazo. Conclusión. Las franjas horarias de las 0:00 a las 6:00 h y de las 12:00 a las 18:00 h, cumplieron con el valor anual de las guías de calidad del aire de 10 μg/m3 en una parte de la zona oriental de la ciudad. En el resto de la ciudad, en las franjas horarias de las 6:00 h a las 12:00 h y de las 18:00 h a las 24:00 h se registraron valores que cumplían los objetivos intermedios 2 y 3, lo que representa incrementos de 9 y 3 % en la mortalidad cardiopulmonar, respectivamente.
Human olfactory mesenchymal stromal cells co-expressing horizontal basal and ensheathing cell proteins in culture
Authors: Ayala-Grosso Carlos , Pieruzzini Rosalinda , Vargas-Saturno Leslie , Cardier José E.
Published: March 2020

Introduction: The olfactory neuro-epithelium has an intrinsic capability of renewal during lifetime provided by the existence of globose and horizontal olfactory precursor cells. Additionally, mesenchymal stromal olfactory cells also support the homeostasis of the olfactory mucosa cell population. Under in vitro culture conditions with Dulbecco modified eagle/F12 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, tissue biopsies from upper turbinate have generated an adherent population of cells expressing mainly mesenchymal stromal phenotypic markers. A closer examination of these cells has also found co-expression of olfactory precursors and ensheathing cell phenotypic markers. These results were suggestive of a unique property of olfactory mesenchymal stromal cells as potentially olfactory progenitor cells.Objective: To study whether the expression of these proteins in mesenchymal stromal cells is modulated upon neuronal differentiation.Materials and methods: We observed the phenotype of olfactory stromal cells under DMEM/F12 plus 10% fetal bovine serum in comparison to cells from spheres induced by serum-free medium plus growth factors inducers of neural progenitors.Results: The expression of mesenchymal stromal (CD29+, CD73+, CD90+, CD45-), horizontal basal (ICAM-1/CD54+, p63+, p75NGFr+), and ensheathing progenitor cell (nestin+, GFAP+) proteins was determined in the cultured population by flow cytometry. The determination of Oct 3/4, Sox-2, and Mash-1 transcription factors, as well as the neurotrophins BDNF, NT3, and NT4 by RT-PCR in cells, was indicative of functional heterogeneity of the olfactory mucosa tissue sample. Conclusions: Mesenchymal and olfactory precursor proteins were downregulated by serum-free medium and promoted differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells into neurons and astroglial cells.
Porfiria intermitente aguda: reporte de caso
Authors: Bustos José , Vargas Ledmar , Quintero Ricardo
Published: March 2020

El término ‘porfiria’ proviene del griego ‘porphyra’ y alude a un grupo heterogéneo de trastornos metabólicos causados por una deficiencia enzimática en la biosíntesis del grupo hemo. La causa de la porfiria intermitente aguda es la deficiencia de la enzima deaminasa del porfobilinógeno.Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 40 años que presentó dolor abdominal de 10 días de evolución, trastorno hidroelectrolítico grave debido a hiponatremia e hipopotasemia, taquicardia e hipertensión arterial sistémica persistentes, por lo cual fue sometida a una laparotomía en la que no se encontró ninguna afección de origen quirúrgico, A los siete días del examen inicial, la paciente desarrolló cuadriparesia flácida aguda y presentó una crisis convulsiva tónico-clónica generalizada. Los estudios neurofisiológicos evidenciaron una polineuropatía axonal mixta, y los valores de porfobilinógeno y porfirinas en orina eran elevados. Tras diagnosticarse porfiria intermitente aguda, esta se trató con hemina, lo que estabilizó los signos clínicos y normalizó el porfobilinógeno.La prevalencia de esta enfermedad es de 1 en 2.000 personas. Tiene un patrón de herencia autosómico dominante y se manifiesta principalmente en mujeres con edades entre los 20 y los 40 años. La enfermedad cursa con síntomas neurológicos y viscerales, y se trata con la administración de hemina y dextrosa, evitando las soluciones hipotónicas por el riesgo de exacerbar la hiponatremia.
Activación muscular del vasto lateral y del medial durante saltos con una sola pierna en los planos frontal y sagital en mujeres deportistas
Authors: Villaquiran Andres Felipe , Rivera Diana María , Portilla Enmanuel Fernando , Jácome Sandra Jimena
Published: March 2020

Introducción. Las diferencias en la activación muscular de las porciones lateral y medial del cuádriceps durante la ejecución del salto, pueden convertirse en un factor de riesgo neuromuscular al aumentar el valgo dinámico de rodilla y, en consecuencia, el riesgo de lesión del ligamento cruzado anterior de la rodilla.Objetivo. Determinar la diferencia en la activación de los vastos lateral y medial del cuádriceps mediante electromiografía de superficie durante el salto con una sola pierna en los planos sagital y frontal en mujeres deportistas.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio cuantitativo de corte transversal con la participación de 64 mujeres deportistas a quienes se les tomaron las medidasantropométricas. Se hicieron pruebas de salto vertical y lateral con una sola pierna evaluados mediante la activación electromiográfica de los vastos medial y lateral, y la valoración de la flexibilidad de la banda iliotibial.Resultados. Se encontró una relación estadísticamente significativa (p≤0,05) entre el índice de masa corporal, el porcentaje de grasa y la potencia en los saltos verticales con una sola pierna. Se encontró, asimismo, significación estadística (p≤0,05) por una mayor activación del vasto lateral en el salto vertical con la pierna derecha y en el salto lateral con las dos piernas.Conclusión. Las deportistas presentaron diferencias en la activación de los cuádriceps, siendo mayor la activación del vasto lateral en la mayoría de los saltos con una sola pierna tanto en el plano sagital como en el frontal, lo cual puede contribuir a un aumento del riesgo de lesión de rodilla en la práctica deportiva.
Altered proteome of a Burkholderia pseudomallei mutant defective in short-chain dehydrogenase affects cell adhesion, biofilm formation and heat stress tolerance
Authors: Reamtong Onrapak , Indrawattana Nitaya , Rungruengkitkun Amporn , Thiangtrongjit Tipparat , Duangurai Taksaon , Chongsa-nguan Manas , Pumirat Pornpan
Published: March 2020

Burkholderia pseudomallei is a Gram-negative bacillus that causes melioidosis and is recognized as an important public health problem in southeast Asia and northeast Australia. The treatment of B. pseudomallei infection is hampered by resistance to a wide range of antimicrobial agents and no vaccine is currently available. At present, the underlying mechanisms of B. pseudomallei pathogenesis are poorly understood. In our previous study, we reported that a B. pseudomallei short-chain dehydrogenase (SDO; BPSS2242) mutant constructed by deletion mutagenesis showed reduced B. pseudomallei invasion and initial intracellular survival. This indicated that SDO is associated with the pathogenesis of melioidosis. In the present study, the role of B. pseudomallei SDO was further investigated using the SDO deletion mutant by a proteomic approach. The protein profiles of the SDO mutant and wild-type K96243 were investigated through gel-based proteomic analysis. Quantitative intensity analysis of three individual cultures of the B. pseudomallei SDO mutant revealed significant down-regulation of five protein spots compared with the wild-type. Q-TOF MS/MS identified the protein spots as a glutamate/aspartate ABC transporter, prolyl-tRNA synthetase, Hsp70 family protein, quinone oxidoreductase and a putative carboxypeptidase. Functional assays were performed to investigate the role of these differentially expressed proteins in adhesion to host cells, biofilm induction and survival under heat stress conditions. The SDO deletion mutant showed a decreased ability to adhere to host cells. Moreover, biofilm formation and the survival rate of bacteria under heat stress conditions were also reduced in the mutant strain. Our findings provide insight into the role of SDO in the survival and pathogenesis of B. pseudomallei at the molecular level, which may be applied to the prevention and control of B. pseudomallei infection.
Alternative dietary protein and water temperature influence the skin and gut microbial communities of yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi)
Authors: Horlick Jack , Booth Mark A. , Tetu Sasha G.
Published: March 2020

Fish skin and gut microbiomes contribute to host health and growth and are often significantly different in aquaculture-reared fish compared to wild fish. Determining how factors associated with aquaculture, including altered diet and abiotic conditions, affect the microbiome will assist with optimizing farming practices and non-invasively assessing fish health. Here, juvenile yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) housed at optimal (22 °C) and non-optimal (26 °C) water temperature were fed a fishmeal control diet or the same diet substituted with 30% soy-protein concentrate (SPC) in order to investigate impacts on host health and the microbial community composition of the skin mucosa, gut mucosa and digesta. Each of these sites was observed to have a distinct microbiome composition. The combination of SPC and housing at 26 °C significantly reduced weight gain in yellowtail kingfish and affected immune parameters. The overall microbial composition and relative abundance of specific operational taxonomic units (OTUs) was also significantly altered by inclusion of SPC at 26 °C, with a notable increase in an OTU identified as Photobacterium in the skin mucosa and digesta. Increased relative abundance of Photobacterium sp. was significantly correlated with reduced levels of digesta myeloperoxidase in yellowtail kingfish; a recognized innate immunity defense mechanism. The changes in the microbial communities of yellowtail kingfish fed a diet containing 30% SPC at 26 °C highlights the importance of considering the interactive effects of diet and environmental factors on microbiome health in farmed yellowtail kingfish.
Iron homeostasis in a mouse model of thalassemia intermedia is altered between adolescence and adulthood
Authors: Sanyear Chanita , Butthep Punnee , Eamsaard Wiraya , Fucharoen Suthat , Svasti Saovaros , Masaratana Patarabutr
Published: March 2020

Background

Iron overload is one of common complications of β-thalassemia. Systemic iron homeostasis is regulated by iron-regulatory hormone, hepcidin, which inhibits intestinal iron absorption and iron recycling by reticuloendothelial system. In addition, body iron status and requirement can be altered with age. In adolescence, iron requirement is increased due to blood volume expansion and growth spurt. Heterozygous β-globin knockout mice (Hbbth3/+; BKO) is a mouse model of thalassemia widely used to study iron homeostasis under this pathological condition. However, effects of age on iron homeostasis, particularly the expression of genes involved in hemoglobin metabolism as well as erythroid regulators in the spleen, during adolescence have not been explored in this mouse model.

Methods

Iron parameters as well as the mRNA expression of hepcidin and genes involved in iron transport and metabolism in wildtype (WT) and BKO mice during adolescence (6–7 weeks old) and adulthood (16–20 weeks old) were analyzed and compared by 2-way ANOVA.

Results

The transition of adolescence to adulthood was associated with reductions in duodenal iron transporter mRNA expression and serum iron levels of both WT and BKO mice. Erythrocyte parameters in BKO mice remained abnormal in both age groups despite persistent induction of genes involved in hemoglobin metabolism in the spleen and progressively increased extramedullary erythropiesis. In BKO mice, adulthood was associated with increased liver hepcidin and ferroportin mRNA expression along with splenic erythroferrone mRNA suppression compared to adolescence.

Conclusion

Our results demonstrate that iron homeostasis in a mouse model of thalassemia intermedia is altered between adolescence and adulthood. The present study underscores the importance of the age of thalassemic mice in the study of molecular or pathophysiological changes under thalassemic condition.
From Darkness to Light: Students Create and Complete Self-Generated Activities in a Dystopian Novel Unit
Authors: Zafonte Maria , Powell Mary
Published: March 2020

In this reflective piece, two English educators, one high school level and one secondary level, detail how they employed a project-based approach to tackling texts that were problematic for their classrooms. Students in both classes were given control of their learning through a small group approach where they set the deadlines, the assignments, and the outcomes in their work with dystopian texts. Placing the responsibility for learning in the hands of the class was an empowering and motivating experience for the students and an act of reflective practice for the instructors.
Use of Reflective Practice in Teaching Two Online Doctoral Research Courses
Authors: Jacobs Jodee , McClendon Cristie
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this article was to explore the use of reflective practice in teaching in two online doctoral research courses. Gibbs’ (1988) model was used as a framework for reflection. The steps from this model are centered on description, feelings, evaluation, analysis, conclusions, and action plans to enrich one’s practice. Two faculty members collaborated to discuss concerns related to doctoral learners’ struggles with being able to identify and evaluate key components of research studies. Results from reflections indicated the faculty identified that students held some responsibility for self-direction and completing their assignments. However, faculty identified that three areas could be improved upon in future courses. Assignment instructions need to be further clarified. Scaffolding strategies such as classroom assessment techniques, exemplar papers, Zoom conferences, and clarifying questions are necessary to facilitate student success. Finally, more focused feedback specific to the assignments for students to use on future work is necessary. Recommendations for future research include a study of learners’ perspectives of how they use feedback to learn how to identify research study components, chow use of classroom assessment techniques can be used to scaffold instruction in online courses where the materials are preloaded, and differences between individual and team reflective practices.

Keywords: Reflective practice, Gibbs Model, Feedback, Scaffolding, Assignments
Reflecting: Faculty Application as a Doctoral Learner
Authors: Berges Sonya
Published: March 2020

Online instruction is an alternative to the traditional classroom setting yet without intentional planning and design, students may feel isolated and alone. Intentional strategies within a learning management system allow faculty members to put research-based theory into practice. While studying for my doctoral degree it was unexpected how the new learning and experiences would inform my role as an online faculty member. This article presents a reflective perspective of how ideas and knowledge gained through doctoral learning informed the practice of online instruction leading to the contribution of ideas and collaboration with fellow scholars. Utilizing the reflective practice criteria established by Dewey, evidence supports personal, academic, and professional growth.

Keywords: connection, online learning, isolation, faculty practice, doctoral learner, sense of community, reflective practice
Self‐Organization of Fibroblast‐Laden 3D Collagen Microstructures from Inkjet‐Printed Cell Patterns
Authors: Park Ju An , Lee Hwa‐Rim , Park Seung‐Yeol , Jung Sungjune
Published: March 2020

One of the major challenges encountered in engineering complex tissues in vitro is to increase levels of complexity at the micron scale in 3D structures. Here, a strategy to create self‐organized 3D collagen microstructures by 2D micropatterning of fibroblasts is developed. Drop‐on‐demand inkjet printing is used to pattern fibroblast cells on a collagen substrate in pre‐designed patterns and with controlled density. It is found that cell‐to‐ECM interaction promotes cellular self‐organization of 3D microstructures on collagen hydrogel, whereas the formation of 3D microstructure is inhibited by disruption of actin polymerization. Using this phenomena, the controlled sizes and morphologies of the 3D collagen microstructures is demonstrated by manipulating the designs of cell patterns and the density of cells. Finally, this technique is applied to build a human skin model with papillary microstructures at the dermo‐epidermal junction. This approach to create 3D cell‐laden collagen microstructures by cell patterning provides a simple and powerful way to mimic the structures and functions of complex tissues and organs, and can make a contribution to reduce the gap between the human body and in vitro tissue models.
Flow Homogenization Enables a Massively Parallel Fluidic Design for High‐Throughput and Multiplexed Cell Isolation
Authors: Ooi Chinchun , Earhart Christopher M. , Hughes Casey E. , Lee Jung‐Rok , Wong Dawson J. , Wilson Robert J. , Rohatgi Rajat , Wang Shan X.
Published: March 2020

Microfluidic devices are widely used for applications such as cell isolation. Currently, the most common method to improve throughput for microfluidic devices involves fabrication of multiple, identical channels in parallel. However, this “numbering up” only occurs in one dimension, thereby limiting gains in volumetric throughput. In contrast, macrofluidic devices permit high volumetric flow rates but lack the finer control of microfluidics. Here, it is demonstrated how a micropore array design enables flow homogenization across a magnetic cell capture device, thus creating a massively parallel series of microscale flow channels with consistent fluidic and magnetic properties, regardless of spatial location. This design enables scaling in two dimensions, allowing flow rates exceeding 100 mL h−1 while maintaining >90% capture efficiencies of spiked lung cancer cells from blood in a simulated circulating tumor cell system. Additionally, this design facilitates modularity in operation, which is demonstrated by combining two different devices in tandem for multiplexed cell separation in a single pass with no additional cell losses from processing.