bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relación entre el nivel de nutrientes críticos y declaraciones "light" en productos ofertados en una cadena de supermercados de Lima, Perú
Authors:   , Yabiku Soto Kiomi Denisse
Published: December 2022

Introducción. El aumento de sobrepeso y obesidad se debe, entre otras múltiples causas, al creciente consumo de alimentos procesados y ultraprocesados. Diversos estudios han demostrado que algunos productos con declaraciones nutricionales y de salud suelen contener cantidades elevadas de nutrientes críticos. Por ello, el objetivo principal de este estudio fue evaluar la relación entre el nivel de nutrientes críticos (grasas saturadas, sodio y azúcar) y la presencia de declaraciones nutricionales de clasificación “light”, además de identificar el uso de declaraciones nutricionales y de salud en productos procesados y ultraprocesados ofertados en una cadena de supermercados de Lima, Perú. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio analítico de corte transversal a partir de productos fotografiados en 3 supermercados de Lima, Perú. Se registró la información de las caras frontales de los empaques para determinar si contaban con declaraciones nutricionales y de salud. Posteriormente las declaraciones nutricionales se subclasificaron en declaraciones nutricionales de clasificación “light”. Además, la información de nutrientes críticos se obtuvo de la información nutricional declarada en el etiquetado. Finalmente se realizó la prueba de chi-cuadrado de Pearson para evaluar la relación del nivel de nutrientes críticos con las declaraciones nutricionales de clasificación “light”, además de determinar la razón de prevalencia para conocer la fuerza de la relación. Resultados. De los 1247 productos incluidos, 825 (66,2%) no presentan ningún tipo de declaración nutricional, mientras que 422 (33,8%) presentan por lo menos una declaración nutricional. De los 422 productos, 122 productos demostraron alguna declaración nutricional de clasificación “light”. La categoría con mayor proporción de productos con declaración nutricional de clasificación “light” altos en grasas fue la de “postres” (50,0%), en altos en sodio destacan los “snacks” (75,5%) y altos en azúcar destacan los “azúcares y dulces” (59,0%)...
Productividad y exportación de cacao de la empresa exportadora Romex S.A., Lima - 2021
Authors:   , Salirrosas Gutierrez Mayra Alexandra
Published: December 2022

El cacao es un fruto que se emplea principalmente para la producción de confites y chocolate, apreciados en la población mundial. El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre productividad y exportación de cacao en una empresa exportadora. La investigación fue de tipo básica, el diseño fue no experimental de tipo transversal, descriptivo – correlacional. La muestra fue de 47 colaboradores de las diferentes sedes de acopio a quienes se les aplico dos instrumentos que contaron con validez y confiabilidad. Para la prueba de hipótesis se empleó la prueba no paramétrica de Spearman. Se halló un coeficiente de correlación de Spearman es 0,405 lo que significa que tiene una correlación moderada porque se encuentra entre el rango ±0.50 de los niveles de correlación, además, el nivel de significancia es 0,005; por tanto, se concluye que existe relación entre productividad y exportación de cacao de la empresa exportadora Romex S.A. -2021.
Ética en el currículo odontológico en las facultades de Estomatología/Odontología pertenecientes a la FIEFO, 2021
Authors:   , Ocharan Angulo Enrique Alonso
Published: December 2022

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la implementación del curso de ética dentro del currículo odontológico de las facultades pertenecientes a la Federación Internacional de Escuelas y Facultades de Odontología FIEFO, 2021. Investigación de tipo descriptivo, transversal y observacional, la población estuvo constituida por decanos y directores de la FIEFO que participaron en el seminario de Ética el 26 de febrero del 2021. A ellos se les envió, vía correo electrónico, el consentimiento informado y la encuesta. Los resultados de estudio mostraron que el 86,67% de las universidades tienen el curso de ética de forma obligatoria; el 50% de las universidades implementan el curso de ética de 1 a 2 horas por semana; con relación al año de dictado, se desarrolló en mayor porcentaje en el tercer año. Por último, se encontraron diferentes enfoques sobre el objetivo del curso, siendo estos los más frecuentes: “Formación del profesional para el desarrollo de una práctica ética”; “Comprensión y aplicación de la bioética” y “Formación Profesional con desarrollo de habilidades desde un enfoque ético”.
Efecto del MTAD y láser de diodo de 940 nm para la descontaminación de conductos radiculares con Enterococcus faecalis. Estudio in vitro
Authors:   , Tapia Galvez Alvaro Jesus
Published: December 2022

Antecedentes: El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la eficacia del láser de diodo de 940 nm y el MTAD para la descontaminación de conductos radiculares inoculados con Enterococcus Faecalis. Métodos: Se utilizaron 40 dientes premolares inferiores humanos unirradiculares que fueron preparados para la inoculación con Enterococcus faecalis e incubados por un periodo de 3 semanas. Los 40 dientes fueron divididos aleatoriamente en 4 grupos experimentales. El grupo láser de diodo de 940 nm con una irradiación (1W/CW,4 ciclos, 20s de intervalo). El grupo MTAD irrigados con 5ml por 5 minutos. También un grupo control positivo con NaClO al 3% y un grupo control negativo con solución salina al 0.9% irrigados ambos con 5 ml por 5 minutos. Resultados: El grupo control positivo con NaClO al 3% tuvo mayor reducción bacteriana inmediatamente después (99.9%) en comparación con los grupos láser de diodo de 940 nm inmediatamente después (98.9%) y MTAD inmediatamente después (99.42%). Sí hubo diferencia significativa entre todos los grupos en lo que respecta a la reducción del recuento de colonias (p <0.05). Conclusiones: NaClO redujo significativamente la carga bacteriana, el láser de diodo de 940 nm y MTAD no mostraron una reducción significativa de bacterias en comparación con NaClO al 3%.
Validación de instrumento para medir el nivel de conocimiento de posgrado y docentes de la UCSUR sobre la ley de trabajo del Cirujano Dentista
Authors:   , Zapata Sifuentes Mauricio Andre
Published: December 2022

Antecedentes: La odontología peruana cuenta con el Código de Ética y Deontología del COP, las normas técnicas estipuladas por el MINSA, la Ley del Trabajo del Cirujano Dentista N° 27878, etc. Sin embargo, con el paso de los años, muchos cirujanos dentales podrían olvidar o ignorar la ley y esto podría generar serios problemas legales. Es por ello que surge la necesidad de evaluar a los profesionales de la salud bucal sobre su conocimiento de la Ley que regula su trabajo. Objetivo: construir y validar un instrumento para medir el nivel de conocimiento sobre la Ley que regula el trabajo del cirujano dentista en el territorio peruano (Ley N° 27878) de los estudiantes de posgrado y docentes de la Carrera de Estomatología de la Universidad Científica del Sur. Material y métodos: La muestra fue de 38 cirujanos dentistas, participantes del programa de posgrado (20) y profesores (18) de la Carrera de Estomatología de la Universidad Científica del Sur. Se elaboró un cuestionario estructurado de 15 preguntas con base en los artículos de la Ley N° 27878. Resultados: Fue aprobado por Juicio de Expertos y sometido a la V de Aiken con un resultado promediado de 0.95. Obtuvo un nivel de correlación moderado a través del Coeficiente de Correlación de Pearson y un Alfa de Cronbach de 0.8. A través del Análisis Factorial Exploratorio, se conformaron 3 dimensiones. Conclusiones: El instrumento se validó correctamente a través de 4 pruebas de validez. El nivel de conocimiento de los estudiantes de posgrado y docentes fue Muy bueno en un 60.5%.
Evaluación del nivel de conocimiento sobre trastornos temporomandibulares en docentes de Odontología de Universidades de Lima, Perú en el 2021
Authors:   , Elias Oropeza Rosa Luciana
Published: December 2022

Introducción: Los trastornos temporomandibulares afectan la articulación temporomandibular y estructuras asociadas. La docencia cumple un rol importante para generar aprendizaje en su diagnóstico y tratamiento. El propósito del estudio fue evaluar el nivel de conocimiento de docentes de odontología de tres universidades en Perú. Materiales y métodos: Se aplicó un cuestionario validado de 35 preguntas a 101 docentes universitarios de diferentes especialidades de odontología de tres universidades de Lima en el año 2021. Se valoró datos demográficos y valoración de respuestas (correctas / incorrectas) por presencia y tipo de especialidad. Resultados: La mayoría de los participantes tenían el grado de doctor (87%). Solo el 10,89 % de docentes respondieron más del 50% de preguntas correctamente. No hubo relación entre la valoración de conocimientos y la especialidad (p=0,092). Tampoco hubo diferencias de la distribución de respuestas en cada tipo de especialidad (p<0,05). Conclusiones: Los conocimientos sobre trastornos temporomandibulares fueron indiferentes a la presencia y tipo de especialidad y resultaron inadecuados en la mayoría de los docentes. Existe una necesidad de mejorar el aprendizaje en el sistema educativo odontológico peruano.
Liderazgo y gestión del talento humano de los empleados de la empresa Samper Head Hunting (Lima - Perú), 2021
Authors:   , Chauca Cruz Lizeth Alvina , Cotrina Zambrano Adrian Fernando
Published: December 2022

En la investigación desarrollada se han planteado como variables el liderazgo y la gestión del talento humano de una consultora de recursos humanos dedicada a brindar servicios para el talento humano. Para el estudio se tuvo la intención de analizar la relación del liderazgo y la gestión del talento de los empleados de la empresa Samper Head Hunting, 2021. La cual, tuvo como muestra censal a 30 colaboradores. Se usó la metodología con diseño descriptivo con corte transeccional de tipo no experimental, con enfoque cuantitativo, usando la técnica de recolección de datos la encuesta mediante un cuestionario con escala de Likert, además, para el procesamiento de datos se empleó la herramienta MS- Excel y SPSS ver. 26, mediante la estadística descriptiva e inferencial. En las conclusiones planteadas se estableció que existe una correlación directa entre la variable liderazgo y variable gestión del talento humano con el resultado de “Rho Spearman” con un valor de 0,565, con el grado de significancia de (p=0.001< α=0.05). Por lo tanto, demuestra que, si el liderazgo aumenta, la gestión del talento humano también. Asimismo, si una de las variables disminuye, la otra también lo hará. Donde la hipótesis alterna se confirma, aceptando la existencia de la relación directa entre el liderazgo y la gestión del talento humano en la unidad de análisis, espacio y tiempo de estudio.
Motivación laboral y su influencia en la calidad de atención a los clientes de un call center, distrito de La Molina (Lima - Perú), 2022
Authors:   , Belleza Cueva Antony Pool , Navarro Lavado Cristhian Fermin
Published: December 2022

La finalidad de la investigación fue analizar la influencia de la motivación laboral en la calidad de atención a los clientes de un call center en el distrito de La Molina durante el 2022, el enfoque fue cuantitativo, no experimental, con un tipo de corte transeccional correlacional-causal. La población y muestra estuvo considerada por 118 asesores de atención al cliente de un call center, sede La Molina. En el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach se obtuvo un resultado para la variable de motivación laboral de 0.816 y para la variable calidad de atención 0.897. Los resultados de la regresión lineal señalaron un coeficiente de correlación positiva de 0.662, con una significancia p= “0.000”>0.05. Se concluye la existencia de una influencia significativa entre la motivación laboral y la calidad de atención al cliente de un call center en el distrito de La Molina durante el 2022.
Reducing care home falls: A real-world data validation of a multifactorial falls- intervention digital application
Authors: Ganga Rafaela Neiva , Fitzsimmons Deborah , Smith Grahame , Mustafa Ali
Published: December 2022

Background: Preventing falls in elderly care homes is a significant public health policy goal in the the United Kingdom. The 2004 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Clinical Guideline (CG21) recommends risk detection and multifactorial fall prevention interventions. Digital technology allows individualised monitoring and interventions. However, there is no certainty of the impact of multifactorial interventions on the rate of falls. One in three adults over the age of 65 and one in two adults over the age of 80 will experience a fall a year. Falls account for a considerable cost burden for the National Health Services.
Methods: A retrospective multi-centre case-control study using real-world data was developed to trial the effectiveness of a falls prevention application in 32 care homes in the Northwest of England. The study aims to assess if a multifactorial fall-prevention digital app leads to a reduction in falls and injurious falls in care homes. Main outcomes measures were the rate of patient falls per 1000 occupied bed days in care homes for 12 months. A digital multifactorial risk assessment, and a tailored fall prevention plan linking each risk factor with the appropriate preventive interventions were implemented/reviewed monthly.
Results: The secondary outcome was the rate of injurious falls per 1000 occupied bed days.There were 22.30% fewer falls in the Intervention group (M=6.46, SD=3.65) compared with Control (M=8.69, SD=6.38) (t(142.67)=-2.686, p=0.008). The intervention had 35% lower low harm injurious falls ratio per 1000 occupied bed days (M=3.14, SD=4.08) (M=6.64, SD=6.22) (t(144)=-3588, p<0.01). There were significant differences between Intervention and Control on injurious falls resulting in ambulance calls (t(31.18)=-3.09, p=0.04); and patients arriving at Accident & Emergency (t(17.25)=-3.71, p=0.002).
Conclusions: In this real-world validation, the implementation of a multifactorial fall-prevention digital app was associated with a significant reduction in falls and injurious falls.
Effect of road disturbance on ant diversity in a sector of the Central Biocenic Corridor located in the center of Arid diagonal of Argentina
Authors: Amatta Emilce , Andino Natalia , Calcaterra Luis A. , Giannoni Stella M.
Published: December 2022

Linear infrastructures such as roads are among the most frequent generators of anthropogenic disturbances. Due to the expensive area that is affected along them, these great infrastructures represent a major conservation concern worldwide. Ants are an important component of natural ecosystems and are considered to be very sensitive to disturbance. The National Road Nº 150 is an important road of South America that forms part of the Central Bioceanic Corridor which will connect Brazil with Chile. In its trajectory, it crosses the Ischigualasto Provincial Park in Argentina. In order to evaluate the effects of this road on biodiversity in roadsides that run across this protected area, we compared species and functional group diversity of ants collected using pitfall traps between disturbed and undisturbed sites. In addition, we analyzed whether habitat variables, such as plant cover, gravel cover and soil hardness, explain ant species and functional group abundance in both site types. Twenty-one and 17 ant species were caught in disturbed and undisturbed sites, respectively. Roadside contained relatively more exclusives and rare species, while undisturbed sites harbored more common and dominant species. Hot climate specialists were more abundant at disturbed sites, whereas Opportunists at undisturbed sites. Ant species abundance seems to be positively influenced by gravel cover on roadside. In the present context of land use change, roadside could have an important function as reservoir and corridor for some ant species, and thus, plays a valuable role in the conservation of ant diversity in arid ecosystems.
Spectrum and Prevalence of Renal Dysfunction among Heart Failure Patients Attending at a Tertiary Care Hospital: First Report From Somalia
Authors: Jeele Mohamed Osman Omar , Hussein Ahmed Abdirahman , Mohamud Mohamed Abdullahi , Adani Abdulkamil Abdullahi , Mohamud Mohamed Farah Yusuf
Published: December 2022

Background: Heart failure is one of the major global health problems that we face today, worldwide. The main objective of our study is to evaluate the spectrum and prevalence of renal dysfunction among heart failure patients in Mogadishu, Somalia.
Methods: The design of the study is a retrospective descriptive study aimed at heart failure patients who presented to the largest tertiary care center in southern somalia between January 2021 to september 2021. Demographic data, co-morbidities, types of heart failure, causes of heart failure and the presence or absence of renal dysfunction were analysed.
Results: Overall 180 heart failure patients were enrolled in the study. The mean age of the participants was 62.26±14 years. Regarding the age group, patients aged between 61-80 years was the most abundant participants with (n=87, 48.3%). Regarding the type of heart failure in our study, HFpEF was the most common type in our respondents with frequency of (n=85, 47.2%). When analysed the cause of heart failure among patients; hypertension was the most common cause of heart failure (n=90, 50%). Also, hypertension was the most common co-morbidity among our patients (n=106, 59%), followed by coronary artery diseases (n=50, 28%). The prevalence of renal dysfunction in heart failure patients was (n=37, 20.6%). Our analysis showed that among the 37 renal dysfunction patients, 12.3% of them (n=22) were chronic renal failure while the remaining 8.3% (n=15) had acute renal failure. We found a significant correlation between gender and renal dysfunction in heart failure patients with (95% CI: 0.098-0.574, OR: 0.237, p value: <0.001). Males were 2 and half times more likely to develop renal failure than females.
Conclusion: we found that the prevalence of renal dysfunction in heart failure patients is 20.6%. It was more prevalent in males and elderly population.
Effect of Biochar and Earthworm on Organic Matter Mineralization in Topsoil and Deep Soil
Authors: Zhou Jiahao , Guo Xinran , Feng Siyue , Gui Xiaoyu , Song Xin , Wang Lin , Peng Hongbo , Li Fangfang
Published: December 2022

In recent years, biochar has been widely used for soil remediation because of its good soil amendment efficacy, but the effect of biochar addition on mineralization of soil organic matter (SOM) is still controversial. Earthworms, as common soil macrofauna, may change the effect of biochar on soil carbon stabilization. Therefore, 0.5% (w/w) corn biochar was added to top and deep soils respectively in the presence or absence of earthworms for 43 days of incubation experiment. The CO2 release rates were monitored on the 2nd, 8th, 15th, 22th, 29th, 36th, and 43th days, differences in soil respiration rates and cumulative emissions were compared between biochar, earthworm and mixed culture groups, and changes in SOM composition were measured by DOC and 3D fluorescence before and after the culture groups. The results showed that the addition of biochar reduced the SOM mineralization, and the presence of earthworms significantly increase the soil respiration rate and soil carbon emission. Compared to deep soil, earthworms had a stronger respiration effect on top soil. In the short term, the addition of biochar stimulated the mineralization, especially in the topsoil, from earthworms. However, in the long time, the addition of biochar was beneficial to the reduction of the mineralization of SOM.
Parent-adolescent Communication About Contraceptives and Its Associated Factors in Bahir Dar City, North West, Ethiopia, 2022
Authors: Wubet Bethilhem , Worku Gizchew , Abeje Gedefaw
Published: December 2022

Background

Adolescent pregnancy is a serious and complex problem. An overwhelming majority of teens feel that avoiding teen pregnancy would be easier if they were able to have open discussions about contraceptives with their parents.

Objective

To assess parent-adolescent communication about contraceptives and its associated factors in Bahir Dar city, North West Ethiopia,2022 GC.

Methods

Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 821 adolescent was included in the study from June 10 to 30/2022GC. Multi stage - simple random sampling technique was used. The data was collected by using a pre-tested and structured interviewer administered questionnaire via Epicollect5. Then it was exported in to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25 for analysis. Both bivariable and multi-variable logistic regression analysis were done. Variables with a p-value of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Result

Overall (22.3%) (95% CI: 19%-25%) of adolescent had communicated about contraceptives with their parents in the past six months. Favorable attitude toward parent adolescent communication [AOR = 4.014;95%CI: 2.618–6.155], being sexually active[AOR = 2.236,95%CI: 1.341–3.731 ], female sex [AOR = 2.675, 95%CI: 1.761–4.065], age(15–19) [AOR = 1.641,95%CI: 1.042,2.586], knowledgeable toward contraceptives [AOR = 1.661, 95%CI: 1.016–2.717],private school student [AOR = 0.451;95%CI: 0.245–0.831] and family size of ≥ 5[AOR = 2.764,95%CI: 1.791–4.267] were significantly associated with parent adolescent communication about contraceptives.

Conclusion and Recommendation:

Communication about contraceptives between adolescent and their parent was low. Parent shall give especial emphasis for male adolsecents, but not mean that negelecting the female adolsecent. It is important to encourage and empower parents to start to communicate with their adolescent while the adolescents are still in early adolescent years, before they become sexually active.
Organic Electroactive Molecules for Li-Organic Hybrid Redox Flow Battery Application
Authors: Sahoo Rajesh Kumar
Published: December 2022

A Systematic Assessment of Quantum mechanical (density functional theory) and semiempirical methods are highly powerful techniques that allow the study of electroactive organic compounds and the discovery of organic electroactive substances for Li-hybrid redox flow batteries for the assessment of natural cathode substances. In this paper, a combination of semiempirical AM1 with PM3 calculation methods was implemented for the theoretical lumo energy for screening of a large number of quinone derivatives taking Lumo energy as a lead descriptor for selection of finer candidate and use for further analysis by DFT method B2LYP-D3 with 6-31++G (d, p) basis set was used to calculate electrochemical properties value for the detection of some best candidates for use in the new generation of Li-organic hybrid redox flow battery. The calculation of its electro-active properties using DMA as solvent. This computational screening becomes centered on comparing all molecules designed to predict the cell potentials of quinone-primarily for the design of cathode organic electroactive material for LiHRFB batteries. Additionally, we also compared the homo Lumo gap to get the best molecule that has better electron reorganization energy as compared to all the descriptors the homo-LUMO gap of the quinone derivative act as a lead descriptor for the analysis of electron reorganization energy. Solvation energy Calculation was done using the CPCM model accompanied with the aid of reduction strength calculation with DFT yielded high accuracy for finding the suitable organic molecules
Adenosine A2a receptor mediate anti-inflammation and collagen protection via cAMP/CREB/NFκB pathway in nucleus pulposus cells
Authors: Li Qingbo , Fang Weizhi , Cai Lei , Wang Zhengkun , Kou Bowen , Zhou Chuankun , Yao Zhi , Wei Mengcheng , Zhang Shishuang , Liu Weijun
Published: December 2022

Purpose of the study:
Clinical and animal studies had indicated that both inflammation and extracellular matrix metabolism took part in intervertebral disk degeneration. In this study, we investigated the role of adenosine A2a receptor (A2aR) in intervertebral disk and intend to clarify its mechanism.
Materials and methods
Rat nucleus pulposus (NP) cells were cultured in complete medium, when cells proliferated to the third passage, cells were divided into different groups. Sterile PBS treated for control group, 10ng/ml IL-1β treated NP cells as experimental group, 10ng/ml IL-1β and 10µmol CGS-21680 were added into NP cells, NC siRNA, PKA siRNA and NFκB siRNA stimulated NP cells 24 hours respectively then treated with IL-1β and CGS-21680. Cell proliferation and inflammatory cytokines, collagen, A2aR and their signaling molecules were evaluated.
Results
IL-1β induced inflammatory cytokine (IL-6 and TNF-α) released and collagen degrading protease (MMP3) overexpression, and A2aR was decreased in NP cells. Protein expression of cAMP, PKA and CREB were decreased, but NFκB was increased. These changes could be reversed by A2aR agonist (CGS-21680). Inflammatory cytokine, MMP3 and NFκB were upregulated in NP cells treated by PKA siRNA, but collagen II was downregulated. Inflammatory cytokine and MMP3 were downregulated in NFκB siRNA treated NP cells, while the expression of collagen II increased.
Conclusion
Our study hinted that IL-1β induced inflammation and collagen degradation through A2aR, A2aR was a protective receptor. CGS-21680 as the A2aR agonist could alleviate the damage caused by IL-1β. A2aR regulated inflammation and collagen via cAMP-CREB-NFκB axis pathway in NP cells.
Curriculum satisfaction of graduates of medical residency in ophthalmology
Authors: Guimaraes Aron Barbosa Caixeta , Amaral Eliana , Carvalho Keila Monteiro
Published: December 2022

Background The number of ophthalmologists trained in Brazil has increased, but their satisfaction with the medical residency curriculum is unclear. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the satisfaction and self-confidence of graduates of a reference ophthalmology residency program in Brazil. To analyze whether there is a difference in these parameters among those who graduated in different decades. Methods This is a cross-sectional web-based study conducted in 2022 with 379 ophthalmologists who graduated from the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil. We aim to obtain data on satisfaction and self-confidence in clinical and surgical practices. Results In total, 150 questionnaires were completed (41.68% response rate); 104 respondents (65.8%) completed their medical residency between 2010 and 2022, 34 between 2000 and 2009, and only 20 before 2000. Most respondents were satisfied or very satisfied with their programs (98.7%). Respondents reported insufficient exposure to low vision rehabilitation (62.9%), toric intraocular implants (60.4%), refractive surgery (55.3%), and orbital trauma surgery (84.9%), particularly among graduates before 2010. They also reported insufficient training in certain non-clinical areas, such as office management (62.5%), health insurance management (88.7%), and personnel and administration skills (74.2%). We found that respondents who graduated a long time ago, had higher confidence in clinical and surgical practices. Conclusions Brazilian ophthalmology residents and UNICAMP graduates expressed high levels of satisfaction with their residency training programs. Those who completed the program a long time ago appear to have more confidence in clinical and surgical practices.
Protective Alzheimer’s disease-associated APP A673T variant predominantly decreases sAPPβ levels in cerebrospinal fluid and 2D/3D cell culture models
Authors: Wittrahm Rebekka , Takalo Mari , Kuulasmaa Teemu , Mäkinen Petra M , Mäkinen Petri , Končarević Saša , Fartzdinov Vadim , Selzer Stefan , Kokkola Tarja , Antikainen Leila , Martiskainen Henna , Kemppainen Susanna , Marttinen Mikael , Jeskanen Heli , Rostalski Hannah , Rahunen Eija , Kivipelto Miia , Ngandu Tiia , Natunen Teemu , Lambert Jean-Charles , Tanzi Rudolph E , Kim Doo Yeon , Rauramaa Tuomas , Herukka Sanna-Kaisa , Soininen Hilkka , Laakso Markku , Pike Ian , Leinonen Ville , Haapasalo Annakaisa , Hiltunen Mikko
Published: December 2022

Background:The rare A673T variant was the first variant found within the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene conferring protection against Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Thereafter, different studies have discovered that the carriers of the APP A673T variant show reduced levels of amyloid beta (Aβ)in the plasma and better cognitive performance at high age.Methods:Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma of APP A673T carriers and control individuals were analyzed using a mass spectrometry-based proteomics approach to identify differentially regulated targets in an unbiased manner. Furthermore, the APP A673T variant was introduced into 2D and 3D neuronal cell culture models together with the pathogenic APP Swedish and London mutations.Results:Here, we report for the first time the protective effect of the APP A673T variant against AD-related alterations in the CSF, plasma, and brain biopsy samples from the frontal cortex. Levels of both soluble APPβ (sAPPβ) and Aβ42 were lower in the CSF of APP A673T carriers than in the CSF of controls not carrying the protective variant. Consistent with these CSF findings, immunohistochemical assessment of cortical biopsy samples from the same APP A673T carriers did not reveal Aβ, phospho-tau, or p62 pathologies. We identified differentially regulated targets involved in protein phosphorylation, inflammation, and mitochondrial function in the CSF and plasma samples of APP A673T carriers. Some of the identified targets showed inverse levels in AD brain tissue with respect to increased AD-associated neurofibrillary pathology. In 2D and 3D neuronal cell culture models expressing APP with the Swedish and London mutations, the introduction of the APP A673T variant led to lower sAPPβ levels. Concomitantly, the levels of sAPPα were increased, while decreased levels of CTFβ and Aβ42 were detected in some of these models.Conclusions:Our findings emphasize the important role of APP-derived peptides in the pathogenesis of AD and demonstrate the effectiveness of the protective APP A673T variant to shift APP processing toward the non-amyloidogenic pathway in vitro even in the presence of two pathogenic mutations.
Heat shock protein gp96 drives natural killer cell maturation and anti-tumor immunity by counteracting Trim28 to stabilize Eomes
Authors: Meng Songdong , Xu Yuxiu , Li Xin , Cheng Fang , Zhao Bao , Fang Min , Li Zihai
Published: December 2022

The maturation process of natural killer (NK)cells determines their functionality,during which multiple transcriptional factors play a critical role. However, few checkpoints specifically targeting this process have been discovered. Here, we show that NK-specific deficiency of glucose-regulated protein 94 (gp96) led to decreased maturation of NK cells in mice. These gp96-deficient NK cells exhibited undermined activation, cytotoxicity, and IFN-γ production upon stimulation and weakened response to IL-15 for maturation. NK-specific gp96-deficient mice were prone to tumor growth in vivo. Eomes was identified as a key transcription factor involved in gp96-mediated NK maturation. Interaction between gp96 and E3 ubiquitin ligase Trim28 blocked Trim28 binding to Eomes and protected Eomes from ubiquitination and degradation. Together, our study demonstrates that the gp96-Trim28-Eomes axis plays a critical role in NK cell maturation and anti-tumor immunity in mice, suggesting a novel mechanism for gp96 in regulating NK cell immunity.
Arsenic and fluorine in groundwater in northern Mexico: spatial distribution and enrichment factors
Authors: Gutiérrez Mélida , Alarcón-Herrera Maria Teresa , Gaytán-Alarcón Ana Patricia
Published: December 2022

North-central Mexico has groundwater contaminated with arsenic (As) and fluoride (F). Based on the dispersion patterns of these solutes, their sources are linked to felsic volcanic rock fragments and secondary minerals (clays, iron oxyhydroxides) within the alluvium fill of the aquifers. However, little is known about the effect of the enrichment factors for F and As in this area. Natural enrichment factors include evaporation, Ca/Na, and competitive adsorption and desorption from solid phases. This study used 1,237 groundwater quality data measurements from 305 sampling sites collected between 2012 and 2019 in the state of Durango in north-central Mexico. To determine the contribution of enrichment factors to As and F content, the study area was divided into four sections, two being in the mountainous part of the state and two in the high plateaus. The data were compared among sections and analyzed using Spearman correlation and Piper and Block diagrams. The results indicate that the main solute enrichment mechanism are evaporation and weathering of silicates and evaporites. Among the four sections, As, pH, and HCO3 seemed not to vary, F varied slightly, and nitrate and total dissolved solids varied the most. The lack of variation in As among sections is associated to its strong adsorption to clay minerals and iron oxyhydroxides, whereas the diminished F content in the eastern sections is likely linked to the adsorption of F to precipitating calcite (, since groundwater is saturated with respect to calcite ( SIcalcite= 0.43) and undersaturated for fluorite (SIfluorite = -1.16). These processes shed light on the distribution of F and As in this area, and are likely operating in other states in northern Mexico and in semi-arid areas elsewhere.
Stumpless lesion improves the value of J-CTO score in predicting the antegrade procedure outcome of chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Hu Xianqing , Zhang Wenhao , Hua Rui , Li Ran , Dong Zhou , Teng Jianzhen , Ma Jiazheng , Zong Jiaxing , Li Chen , Lv Zhan , Yong Hui , Wang Tong , Tan Chunyue , Ullah Inam , Gong Xiaoxuan , Li Chunjian
Published: December 2022

Background
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) is one of the most challenging procedures of interventional cardiology. Debate continues with regard to the predictors that influence the antegrade procedure outcome.
Methods
The CTO PCIs were prospectively registered from May 1, 2012 to August 22, 2017 in a single center. Variables of patients' characteristics, CTO morphology, PCI strategy, procedure materials and outcomes were recorded. Multivariable logistic regression model was adopted to identify predictors of procedure outcome.
Results
A total of 193 CTO PCIs were consecutively included, and 187 antegrade PCIs were finally analyzed. The antegrade technical and procedure success rates were both 67.91%. Multivariable logistic regression indicated that stumpless lesion (OR: 2.813; 95% CI: 1.120–7.062, p = 0.028) and occlusion length ≥ 20 mm (OR: 2.196; 95% CI: 1.087–4.437, P = 0.028) independently predicted the procedure outcome. The area under the receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve for discriminating failed CTO PCI was 0.621 (95% CI: 0.534–0.708, p = 0.008) for Japanese multicenter CTO registry (J-CTO) score, which significantly increased to 0.673 (95% CI: 0.592–0.755, p = 0.000) after modifying stumpless lesion score from 1 to 2 points.
Conclusions
Stumpless lesion and occlusion length ≥ 20 mm independently predict the antegrade CTO procedure failure. Scoring 2 points to stumpless lesion improves the value of J-CTO score in predicting the procedure outcome.
A U-shaped protection of altitude against mortality and infection of COVID-19 in Peru: An ecological study
Authors: Baquerizo-Sedano L. , Goni L. , Sayón-Orea C. , González-Muniesa P.
Published: December 2022

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the world in multiple ways and has been a challenge for the health systems of each country. From the beginning, risk factors for the severity and mortality of the disease were considered, as the spread of the virus was related to the living conditions of each population.
Methods
In this ecological study we have evaluated the role of geography, precisely the altitude above sea level in the incidence and mortality of COVID-19 in Peru. Incidence and mortality data were taken from the open-access database of the government of Peru until March 2021. COVID-19 cases and COVID-19 mortality were treated as cases/density population and 1000 x cases/inhabitants while altitude was treated as continuous and as a categorical variable divided in 7 categories. The relationship between COVID-19 cases or deaths for COVID-19 and altitude as continuous variable was determined using Spearman correlation test. Meanwhile when altitude was considered as a categorical variable, Poisson regression analyses were applied.
Results
A significant inverse correlation was found between COVID-19 cases by population density and altitude (r=-0.37 p < 0.001). By altitude categories, the lowest risk for infection was observed between 3,000 and 3,500 meters (IRR 0.079; 95% CI 0.076,0.083). Moreover, we found an inverse correlation between altitude and COVID-19 mortality (r=-0.36 p < 0.001). Also, the lowest risk for mortality was observed between 3,000 and 3,500 meters (IRR 0.13; 95%CI 0.10; 0.16). Similar results were found when analyses were adjusted by inhabitants and stratified by sex.
Conclusion
This study reports an inverse relationship between COVID-19 incidence and mortality with respect to the altitude of residence, particularly, a u-shaped protection is shown, with a highest benefit between 3000 and 3500 meters. The possibility of using hypoxia as an alternative treatment requires more complex studies that should allow knowing the physiological and environmental mechanisms of the protective role.
Niche homology of the cervicovaginal microbiome and its association with the outcome after chemoradiotherapy in cervical carcinoma patients
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Yue Kaile , Liu Chao , Sheng Dashuang , Liu Jing , Jin Chuandi , Hu Xiaoyu , Xue Zhuang , Zhang Xiaoling , Zhang Lei , Yue Jinbo
Published: December 2022

Background: The microbiome within tumors can influence treatment response in cancer. In cervical carcinoma, relationships among the vaginal and tumor microbiomes and response to chemoradiotherapy are unclear. We sought to determine if the niche homology and specific signatures of cervicovaginal microbiome are associated with the outcome of chemoradiotherapy in cervical carcinoma patients.
Methods: Sixty-eight women with cervical carcinoma were enrolled, and intratumoral or vaginal samples and peripheral blood samples were collected one week before chemoradiotherapy. DNA was extracted from tumor tissue biopsy and vaginal swab samples, and V3 and V4 variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene were amplified by PCR. Levels of blood immunomodulatory proteins were measured with a Millipore HCKPMAG-11K kit and Luminex 200 platform (Luminex, USA).
Results: We found abundance to be higher in the tumor, and the homology between vaginal and tumor microbiota was associated with response to chemoradiotherapy. The proportion of the microbiome originating from the vagina and appearing in the tumor was higher among poor-responders than among good-responders. Amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were located in both tumors and vagina correlated with TNM disease stage, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection (high- vs low-risk), metastasis (yes/no), and immune checkpoint proteins. The proportion of two microbes from the shared cervicovaginal ASVs, g_Sphingobium_s_Sphingobium_xenophagum_333 in tumor and g_Ralstonia_256 in vagina, could predict response to chemoradiotherapy (AUC=0.984, AUPR=0.917).
Conclusion: Our results suggest that microbiome components co-located in the vagina and in cervical tumors may be useful biomarkers to predict response to chemoradiotherapy for cervical carcinoma.
Driving Behaviour Analysis and Classification by Vehicle OBD Data Using Machine Learning
Authors: kumar Raman , jain Anuj
Published: December 2022

Now adays, vehicles are fortified with large numbers of sensors which is used for controlling and diagnostics of the vehicle’s operation. Additionally, the rapid requirement of transport of people and things together with the development of IoT, Machine Learning moved this domain towards a new era of effectiveness and more intelligence. The decrease of CO2 discharge and the minimization of the ecological impression is, obviously, of most extreme significance for the protection of the climate. In this light, driving style and behaviour is straightforwardly connected with the vehicle's fuel utilization and emissions. due to which, these days, vehicles are fitted with sensors that can gather different information related to operation. The proposed technique gathers vehicle performance data, including vehicle speed, motor RPM, paddle position, determined motor load and about of 50 parameters through OBD interface. The OBD-II diagnostics protocol, which is currently the primary diagnostics process used by technicians, can be used to acquire this information via a communication port provided within the car. Real-time data connected to the action of the vehicle can also be accessed using the OBD protocol. This real-time data can be utilized to gather numerous engine operation-related characteristics in addition to helping with fault detection. Proposed arrangement makes use of machine learning technique to create a driving behaviour classification. Model classify driver into ten classes mentioned, which are based on fuel consumption, stability of steering, stability of velocity and braking pattern etc. In this research work use of the engine’s internal sensors from the from OBD is used to build a class of the driver to ultimately provide proper feedback to improve driving habits. High speed Braking, rapid acceleration, deacceleration turning and other events are used for characterizing and individual compared with the help of visualization techniques such as Line-plots, correlation matrix Histograms etc. Time-series values of the sensor data is used. Furthermore, considering all these parameters a supervised learning method was used to compare all drivers and then finally classification was done.
Association of blood cadmium level with nonmelanoma skin cancer: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen Jigang , Feng Rui , Wang Yanni
Published: December 2022

Purpose Cadmium is widely used in industries and found in cigarette smoke. While animal studies have shown some potential effects of cadmium exposure on the skin, little has been known about the role of chronic cadmium exposure on the development of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC). We conducted this study to examine whether blood cadmium was related to the risk of NMSC. Methods An analysis of cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999–2000 to 2017–2018 was conducted. NMSC was ascertained based on self-reported physician diagnoses. Taking the cadmium level as either a continuous variable or a quartile variable, we examined the association between the blood cadmium level and the odds of NMSC with a multivariable logistic regression model. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) were added to the regression model the estimate the non-linear relationship between cadmium and NMSC. Results A total of 41577 participants were included, of which 952 were reported to have NMSC and 40625 did not have any caners. Cadmium was not associated with NMSC when it was taken as a continuous or quartile variable. RCS showed an inverted U-shaped curve between the blood cadmium level and the odds of NMSC. The result remained similar when limiting the participants to non-Hispanic White. Conclusions Blood cadmium level was associated with the risk of NMSC. Further studies are needed to explore the causality and underlying mechanisms.
An empirical analysis of the effects of physical exercise and socioeconomic status on the multidimensional health of urban and rural residents: take China’s microdatabase analysis as an example
Authors: Li Jing , Guo Enkai , Zhong Huamei , Gong Meizhi , Wang Zhaohong
Published: December 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected physical and mental health around the world, and an increasing number of groups are seeking important means to improve individual health. The fitness, social, and economic functions that sports possess have attracted widespread attention.
Methods: This article used data from the China General Social Survey (CGSS2017). This article divides multidimensional health into three aspects: mental health, physical health and social health. By constructing a binary logistic model, this paper intends to address two theoretical hypotheses: 1) participation in physical exercise significantly improves the multidimensional health of urban and rural residents, and 2) socioeconomic status plays a mediating role in the process of physical exercise promoting the health of urban and rural residents.
Result: After including independent and control variables, the results of Model (1) indicate that participation in physical exercise can significantly improve the mental health of urban and rural residents (p=0.000 < 0.01), and the OR value (odds ratio=exp0.159) is 1.172. Model (3) results indicate that participation in physical exercise significantly improves the physical health of individuals (p=0.000 < 0.01), and the OR (odds ratio=exp0.239) is 1.270. Model (5) results indicate that participation in physical exercise significantly improves social health (p=0.000<0.01), and the OR (odds ratio=exp0.305) is 1.357. Hypothesis 1 was verified. The establishment of a mediating effect test model showed that participation in physical activity improves individuals' multidimensional health by improving their socioeconomic status, that socioeconomic status is a mediating path for participation in physical activity to improve individuals' multidimensional health, and that it is a partially mediating path. Hypothesis 2 was verified.
Conclusion: Participation in physical exercise can significantly improve the multidimensional health of individuals, and this effect is heterogeneous for groups with different household, marital, regional, and educational levels; participation in physical exercise can significantly increase the possibility of individuals improving their socioeconomic status; and socioeconomic status plays a mediating role in the process of participating in physical exercise to improve the multidimensional health of individuals.
WITHDRAWN: Effects of light intensity and quality on needle physiological and biochemical traits of eighteen-year-old Pinus koraiensis trees adapted long-period to real field environment
Authors: Li Bei , Ma Xiao , Saha Sudipta , Gao Yuanke , Zhang Peng , Shen Hailong
Published: December 2022

Regeneration of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) has been mostly fraught with failure and light is considered primarily the cause. Considerable experiments concerning it were using seedlings or shaded by black nets or both and thus with conflicting results. Here we investigated the effects of light conditions on eighteen-year-old Korean pines that have been long-period adapted to the under-canopy environment in the field. Photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll a fluorescence, non-structural carbohydrate metabolism, antioxidant enzyme activity and nutrient concentrations of current-year needles under four light regimes (three understory, one full light, classified by light intensity and quality) were measured. From June to September, light intensity and quality decreased under full light, but understory light conditions got a little better after leaf fall. Photosynthetic pigments content decreased as the light improved, but Car/Chl was the highest in full-light needles. Glucose content and Rubisco activity were all positively correlated with light conditions. APX activity, DPPH scavenging capacity and proline content were all the highest in needles under full light, along with higher NPQ and lower Fv/Fm readings, suggested that full-light Korean pines were under stress and inhibited photosynthesis to some degree. The highest content of ABA in full-light needles in September contrasting with previous results might imply that full light conditions helped trees to adapt to cold earlier than understory ones. This study implied that the understory light during growing season was not always unfavourable, Korean pine trees were capable of living under the canopy of deciduous trees for at least eighteen years.