bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pertentangan Asas Perundang-undangan dalam Pengaturan Larangan Mobilisasi Anak pada Kampanye Pemilu
Authors: Suriyani Meta
Published: September 2018

Article 32 paragraph (1) letter k Election Commission Regulation No. 15 Year 2013 describes implementers, participants, and officials are prohibited from mobilizing campaigns Indonesian citizens who do not meet syarats as Voters. However, Law No. 8 of 2012 on General Election of DPR, DPD and DPRD itself, does not expressly prohibit the mobilization of Indonesian citizens who do not yet qualify as a selector or exploitation of children in political activities, including campaign. So that the Commission regulation violates the hierarchy of legislation that is in of commencement shall contrary to the Law on Election of Members of Legislative as higher regulations. Therefore, it is also not in line with Law No. 35 of 2014 on the Amendment of Act No. 23 of 2002 on Child Protection. Mobilization of children in the activities of the election campaign is the deprivation of the rights of the child. Intentionally or unintentionally, the actual implementers, participants, and campaign officers have done wrong treatment (exploitation) by mobilizing children who do not qualify as voters in political activities in the activities of the election campaign for the DPR, DPD and DPRD held at central and regional levels occur in almost all parts of Indonesia.
Perlindungan terhadap Lingkungan dalam Perspektif Konstitusi
Authors: Faiz Pan Mohamad
Published: September 2018

Nowadays there is a tendency in many countries to protect the environment by incorporating general principles of environment into a state or a regional constitution. This article aims to examine the extent to which environmental protection can be provided through the adoption of those constitutional norms. This study was conducted using a qualitative methodology with a normative approach and library research derived from court decisions, law and regulations, books and journal articles. It concludes that the Indonesian Constitution contains constitutional norms for the environmental protection. However, these constitutional norms are still positioned as a subsidiary or supporting factor in the fulfillment of human rights and the national economy. In order to strengthen the environmental protection by the Indonesian Constitution, it requires a reformulation of related constitutional norms by positioning the environment more as the basic values in the state administration and national economic activities.
Hak Kebebasan Berserikat Bagi Pekerja Sebagai Hak Konstitusional
Authors: Budiono Abdul Rachmad
Published: September 2018

Article 28E paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia guarantees the right of everyone to freedom of association, assembly, and to express opinions. Thus, the right of workers or labours to freedom of association is guaranteed by the Constitution. The principle which is embedded in the 1945 Constitution has been incorporated into Law Number 21 Year 2000 concerning Labour Union. The substance of the rights to freedom of association aims to give bargaining power to workers represented by the union against employers. The bargaining position of labour unions is expected to improve the functioning of the unions to defend the interest of workers.
Implikasi Pergeseran Sistem Politik terhadap Hukum dan Birokrasi di Indonesia
Authors: Romadlon Suryo Gilang
Published: September 2018

Coalition can be the effective way to collect the power for struggle in the competitive politics. In Indonesia, after the reform era, the coalition system being the most popular system that granted by the constitution. Phrase ”coalition of political parties” in the article number 6A point (2) UUD 1945 shows us that the coalition system is the constitutional and the fix way. From all the historical story about the coalition of political parties in Indonesia, we can make a conclusion that the coalition system wich is exist in Indonesia is just coalition made by interest, not ideology. Coalition only to reach the “threshold”. Political parties only thinking about how to complete the mission to propose the candidate. Surely, That’s all the problem. We can see that the coalition system in Indonesia just make some paradox. For example, in presidential election 2014, in one hand we can see the batle between “KMP” and “KIH”, but in the other hand, we cand find a different situation in local politic competition. On 9 December 2015, The simultaneous regional election was completed held, and I saw that the battle between KMP and KIH wasn’t happened in that moment. Based on the fact from KPU, we can find in some region, the inconsistence coalition was built by the political parties which is member of KMP join with member of KIH. That condition shows us that the coalition system in Indonesia is just based on interest. There is no linear/consistence coalition between central and local, so automatically we can find a question, “where is the platform, vision and mission of political party in Indonesia? And How about the impact to the bureaucratic system between central and local government?. Finally, The Author is trying to answer the questions in this paper.
Akomodasi Politik Hukum di Indonesia terhadap Hak Asasi Manusia Berdasarkan Generasi Pemikirannya
Authors: Tarigan Jefri Porkonanta
Published: September 2018

Keberadaan jaminan atas perlindungan HAM telah menjadi unsur penting dalam negara hukum yang demokratis dan berdasarkan konstitusi. Indonesia sebagai negara hukum, telah mewujudkan jaminan perlindungan HAM yang tertuang dalam konstitusinya yaitu Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. Meskipun demikian, pencantuman jaminan HAM di Undang-Undang Dasar tidaklah cukup, melainkan harus diikuti pula oleh Undang-Undang yang berlaku sebagai bentuk politik hukum perlindungan HAM di Indonesia. Muatan suatu produk hukum termasuk akomodasi HAM akan sangat ditentukan oleh visi politik kelompok penguasa. Akomodasi politik hukum di Indonesia terhadap konsepsi HAM berdasarkan generasi pemikirannya terus mengalami perkembangan sejak memasuki era reformasi. Produk hukum mengenai HAM menjadi lebih banyak dihasilkan dibandingkan sebelum reformasi. Konfigurasi politik pada saat dimulainya reformasi tahun 1998 dan peralihan dari rezim otoriter ke alam demokrasi turut melatarbelakangi produk hukum mengenai HAM. Pada era demokrasi, produk hukum yang dihasilkan pun didominasi oleh akomodasi terhadap HAM generasi pertama yakni hak sipil dan hak politik yang dipandang sebagai suplemen utama bagi penyelenggaraan negara demokrasi. Meskipun demikian, adanya pembagian generasi HAM bukan berarti membedakan perlakuan pemenuhan dan perlindungannya karena masing-masing saling berkaitan dan dibutuhkan.The guarantee of human rights protection has become an important element in a democratic and contitutional law state. Indonesia as a law state, has put human rights protection guarantees enshrined in its constitution, UUD 1945. However, the inclusion of human rights guarantees in the constitution is not enough, but must be followed by the Act in force as a law politics of human rights protection in Indonesia. Accomodation of human rights protection will be determined by the political vision of the ruler. Accommodation of law politics in Indonesia for the conception of human rights based on the generation have been developing since the reformation era. Act of human rights became more widely produced than before the reformation era. Political configuration at the 1998’s reformation and the transition from an authoritarian regime to democracy era is background of human rights protection development. In the era of democracy, law product is dominated by the accommodation on the first generation of human rights like civil rights and political rights. They are seen as a major supplement for the holding of democratic countries. Nevertheless, the distribution of generation of human rights does not mean differentiating treatment compliance and protection because they each are related and necessary.
Tafsir Hukum Atas Posisi Ganda Hakim di Indonesia
Authors: Sakirman Sakirman
Published: September 2018

Menyadari betapa besar peranan negara dalam berbagai kehidupan masyarakat dan kekuasaan negara, maka kebebasan negara dalam arti pelaksanaan peraturan perundangn-undangan pada hakekatnya dilakukan oleh manusia itu sendiri. Oleh karena itu, yang pertama harus dilakukan adalah manusia sebagai penentu kebijakan hukum, dalam hal ini adalah para hakim yang terdidik, baik, cakap, disiplin, jujur, mentaati hukum, dan tidak rangkap jabatan. Untuk mewujudkan hal tersebut masih perlu adanya upaya untuk mendorong pihak yang berwenang untuk mengawasi dan membina hakim agar lebih menunjukan political will dengan meningkatkan kualitas pengawasan dan pembinaanya sehingga citra hakim pada khususnya dan peradilan pada umumnya semakin terangkat dan kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap hukum semakin baik. Untuk lebih mempertegas prinsip kekuasaan kehakiman yang memiliki asas kebebasan, kiranya perlu difikirkan kembali tentang disain dari struktur yudikatif di Indonesia, seyogyanya wewenang dan cakupan kekuasaan penyelenggara kekuasaan kehakiman diperluas dengan diserahkanya aspek-aspek administratif pada para penyelenggaranya. Dengan demikian para hakim tidak lagi ditempatkan pembinaan administratifnya pada pemerintah, sehingga penyelenggaraaan kekuasaan kehakiman betul-betul terpisah secara keseluruhan dengan penyelenggara kekuasaan lain. Bila hal ini dilakukan diharapkan kebebasan hakim akan terwujudkan dan keadilan dapat ditegakan di bumi pertiwi.Realizing how big the role of the state in the various life of society and state power, then the freedom of the state in the sense of the implementation of legislation is essentially done by the man himself. Therefore, the first thing to do is human beings as the determinants of legal policy, in this case the judges who are educated, good, competent, disciplined, honest, obey the law, and not double position. To realize this matter, there is still an effort to encourage the authorities to supervise and nurture the judges to show more political will by improving the quality of supervision and development so that the image of judges in particular and the judiciary in general is increasingly raised and the public's trust in law is getting better. To further reinforce the principle of judicial power which has a principle of freedom, it may be necessary to rethink about the design of the judicial structure in Indonesia, should the authority and scope of power of the judicial power organizers be expanded by the administrative aspects handed over to the organizers. Thus, the administrative coaching of the judges are no longer placed on the government, so that the exercise of judicial powers is completely separate as a whole with other branches of government. If this is done it is expected that the freedom of judges will be realized and justice can be established in the land of the earth.
Memikirkan Kembali Pengawasan Badan Usaha Milik Negara Berdasarkan Business Judgement Rules
Authors: Kasim Helmi
Published: September 2018

Berdasarkan putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi, keuangan Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN) tetap merupakan keuangan negara sehingga kewenangan negara di bidang pengawasan tetap berlaku. Meskipun demikian, paradigma pengawasan negara dimaksud harus berubah, yakni tidak lagi berdasarkan paradigma pengelolaan keuangan negara dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan (government judgement rules), melainkan berdasarkan paradigma usaha (business judgement rules). Tulisan ini mencoba menghadirkan perspektif tertentu tentang bagaimana mengatur prinsip pengawasan khususnya terkait pemeriksaaan pengelolaan dan pertanggungjawaban keuangan negara pada BUMN berdasarkan putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 62/PUU-XI/2013. Dengan melakukan pendekatan yuridis normatif tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahwa pemeriksaan pengelolaan pertanggungjawaban keuangan negara berdasarkan business judgement rules (BJR) harus dinormakan secara tegas dalam Undang-Undang Keuangan Negara dan Undang-Undang terkait lainnya. Prinsip-prinsip BJR dan good corporate governance (GCG) sebagai pedoman pengawasan dan pemeriksaan juga harus diatur secara tegas dan sama baik dalam Undang-Undang Keuangan Negara dan undang-undang terkait serta Undang-Undang Perseroan Terbatas.
DPD dalam Struktur Parlemen Indonesia: Wacana Pemusnahan Versus Penguatan
Authors: Toding Adventus
Published: September 2018

DPD merupakan cerminan lembaga negara yang diparadigmakan sebagai bagian dari lembaga legislatif. Landasan konstitusional kewenangan terbatas, berimplikasi negatif terhadap kedudukan DPD dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Indonesia. Pengebirian kewenangan melalui produk legislasi (undang-undang), praktik ketatanegaraan menggambarkan sifatnya yang auxiliary, bahkan wacana pembubaran semakin meruntuhkan mahkota kelembagaan DPD. Realitas kelembagaan DPD seharusnya mampu dijadikan momentum untuk menguatkan DPD dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Indonesia. Marwah Dewan Perwakilan Daerah dalam struktur parlemen dengan kondisi apapun, bahkan jika suatu norma undang-undang terkait DPD dibentuk dengan menggunakan posisi alamiah hukum (nalar filsafati hukum) tanpa diganggu oleh kepentingan politik manapun tetap saja akan menghasilkan kualitas kewenangan yang lemah. Kemudian sinergitas DPD dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Indonesia ke depan perlu diperkuat melalui purifikasi struktur parlemen yang mencerminkan strong bicameralism. Sehingga akan berimplikasi pula pada proses pembentukan undang-undang (melibatkan DPR-DPD-Presiden) yang harmonis dan berkualitas. Bangunan Strong Bicameralism diharapkan mampu meningkatkan peran DPD sebagai salah satu penopang utama dalam mewujudkan cita negara dalam bidang otonomi daerah dan negara kesatuan.
Menimbang Paradigma Keadilan Hukum Progresif
Authors: Marilang Marilang
Published: September 2018

Dalam catatan sejarah perkembangan peradaban manusia diketahui bahwa keadilan merupakan salah satu value (nilai) yang diagung-agungkan, dicari, dan diimpikan semua orang, bukan hanya karena merupakan konsensus moralitas semua manusia yang lahir dari hati nuraninya masing-masing, melainkan keadilan memang merupakan konsep yang diturunkan dari langit. Selain itu, keadilan memang merupakan instrumen penting bagi upaya mewujudkan kedamaian dan kesejahteraan bagi semua manusia, bahkan bagi semua makhluk ciptaan-Nya. Demikianlah karakter hukum progresif yang dibangun (dikonstruk) oleh pendirinya yaitu Satjipto Rahardjo yang mengkonsepsikan bahwa “Hukum harus mengabdi kepada kepentingan manusia, bukan sebaliknya manusia yang harus menghambakan diri kepada hukum”. Namun kenyataannya, hukum telah kehilangan rohnya (value-nya) yaitu keadilan, sehingga dalam penegakannya, hukum tampil bagai raksasa yang setiap saat menerkam rasa keadilan masyarakat melalui anarkismenya yang berkedok kepastian hukum dalam bingkai positivisme yang mengkultuskan undang-undang.
Logika, Penalaran, dan Argumentasi Hukum
Authors: Weruin Urbanus Ura
Published: September 2018

Dewasa ini pemahaman dan pengetahuan tentang logika, penalaran, dan argumentasi hukum semakin dibutuhkan tidak hanya bagi kalangan akademisi dalam bidang filsafat dan hukum melainkan terutama bagi para praktisi hukum seperti polisi, hakim, jaksa, pengacara, bahkan seluruh anggota masyarakat yang setiap hari berhadapan dengan persoalan-persoalan hukum. Sebagai bagian dari penalaran pada umumnya, penalaran hukum, meskipun memiliki sejumlah karakteristik yang berbeda, terikat pada kaidah-kaidah penalaran yang tepat seperti hukum-hukum berpikir, hukum-hukum silogisme, ketentuan tentang probabilitas induksi, dan kesesatan informal penalaran. Maka penalaran hukum bukahlah jenis penalaran yang berbeda dan terpisah dari logika sebagai ilmu tentang bagaimana berpikir secara tepat (sebagai salah satu cabang filsafat) melainkan bagaimana menerapkan kaidah-kaidah berpikir menurut ketentuan logika dalam bidang hukum. Artikel ini membahas kaidah-kaidah berpikir silogisme dan induksi. Aplikasi penalaran deduktif dan induksif dalam hukum dengan model IRAC (Issue, Rule, Argument, dan Conclusion) akan mengakhiri artikel ini.
Perbandingan Pengaturan Hak Kebebasan Beragama antara Indonesia dengan Majapahit
Authors: Jufri Muwaffiq
Published: September 2018

Harus diakui bahwa perkembangan hak dan kebebasan beragama di Indonesia mengalami berbagai masalah, baik secara substansi pengaturan maupun penegakannya. Ini dibuktikan dengan semakin maraknya aksi-aksi kekerasan berbasis agama di berbagai wilayah di Indonesia. Beragam aksi tersebut nyatanya bertentangan dengan jaminan terhadap hak dan kebebasan yang diatur oleh beberapa aturan positif Indonesia. Guna memperbaiki segala persoalan di atas, tidak ada salahnya jika dalam perumusan pengaturan hak dan kebebasan beragama berkiblat pada aturan hukum yang diberlakukan pada zaman Majapahit, mengingat selain terdapat kesamaan kultur, kerajaan tersebut telah teruji reputasinya sebagai negeri yang plural.
Legalitas Hukum Komisi Pemilihan Umum Daerah dalam Menyelenggarakan Pilkada
Authors: Ansori Ansori
Published: September 2018

Penelitian ini membahas legalitas hukum Komisi Pemilihan Umum Daerah (KPUD) dalam menyelenggarakan pemilihan kepala daerah pasca putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 97/PUU-XI/2013. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan memahami legalisasi pengaturan kedudukan hukum KPUD dalam penyelenggaraan Pilkada pasca putusan MK Nomor 97/PUU-XI/2013. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis-normatif, dengan teori lembaga negara, hierarki, kewenangan, keabsahan hukum, dan tujuan hukum. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah bahwa legalitas kedudukan hukum KPUD dalam penyelenggaraan Pilkada pasca putusan MK Nomor 97/PUU-XI/2013 yaitu bahwa KPUD tidak dapat menyelenggarakan Pilkada karena KPUD bagian dari KPU yang bersifat hierarki, sedangkan KPU berwenang secara konstitusional menyelenggarakan Pemilu, sedangkan Pilkada bukan bagian dari Pemilu pasca putusan MK Nomor 97/PUU-XI/2013 dan KPUD bukan lembaga daerah yang diberikan tugas khusus oleh undang-undang untuk menyelenggarakan pilkada, tugas menyelenggarakan Pilkada tersebut diberikan oleh undang-undang kepada KPU dan dilaksanakan oleh KPUD.The study addressed the legality of Regional Election Commission (KPUD) to hold local elections after the decision of the Constitutional Court No. 97/PUU-XI /2013. It aims to give analysis and to better understand the law that provides legal status of KPUD for organizing the elections after the court decision. The type of research is a juridical-normative research by employing the theory of state organs, hierarchy, powers, legal validity, and legal objectives. The obtained results showed that based on its legal status in organizing regional head elections, after the judgment of the Court decision No. 97/PUU-XI/2013, KPUD cannot hold regional head elections due to its position as subordinate of KPU as a hierarchical organization. KPU has the constitutional power to hold elections while regional head elections are not parts of the Election after the decision of the Constitutional Court No. 97/PUU-XI/2013. KPUD is not a regional organ given a special duty by the law to hold a local election. The task of organizing the local election is given by law to KPU and implemented by KPUD.
Pembatalan Putusan Arbitrase oleh Pengadilan dalam Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 15/PUU-XII/2014
Authors: Ariprabowo Tri , Nazriyah R.
Published: September 2018

Kewenangan pengadilan dalam proses penyelesaian sengketa melalui arbitrase antara lain, putusan arbitrase harus didaftarkan di Pengadilan Negeri. Menurut Mahkamah, Penjelasan Pasal 70 Undang-Undang Nomor 30 tahun 1999 Tentang Arbitrase dan Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa (UU AAPS) menambah norma baru dan menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum. Pasal 70 UU AAPS tersebut sudah cukup jelas (expressis verbis), yang justru menimbulkan multi tafsir adalah penjelasan pasal tersebut sehingga menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum yang adil. Mahkamah menyatakan bahwa, Penjelasan Pasal 70 UU AAPS bertentangan dengan Pasal 28 ayat (1) UUD 1945 dan tidak mempunyai kekuatan mengikat. Dengan adanya putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 15/PUU-XII/2014, bagi para pihak yang tidak puas terhadap putusan arbitrase mempunyai peluang yang lebar untuk dapat pengajukan permohonan pembatalan putusan arbitrase tanpa harus dibuktikan terlebih dahulu di Pengadilan. Hak para pihak untuk mengajukan permohonan pembatalan putusan arbitrase sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 70 UU AAPS dapat dikesampingkan berdasarkan kesepakatan bersama para pihak. Dengan demikian putusan arbitrase yang merupakan mahkota seorang Arbiter tidak mudah “tercabik” oleh suatu kepentingan. Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 15/PUU-XII/2014 harus diapresiasi dan secepatnya direspon oleh pembentuk undang-undang untuk merevisi UU No. 30 Tahun 1999 terkait dengan mekanisme pembatalan putusan arbitrase setelah adanya putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi tersebut.The jurisdiction of the court in the process of resolving disputes through arbitration among other arbitral rulings shall be registered in the district court. According to the Court, the Explanation of Article 70 of Law No. 30 of 1999 on Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution (Act AAPS) adds new norms and creates legal uncertainty. Article 70 of the AAPS Act is quite clear (expressis verbis), the thing which leads to multiple interpretations is an explanation of the article so that this rises fair legal uncertainty. It stated that, Explanation of Article 70 of AAPS Law is contrary to Article 28 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution and has no binding force. By the decision of the Constitutional CourtNumber 15/PUUXII/2014, for the parties which are not satisfied with the arbitration decision, this provides wide opportunities to pursue cancellation request of arbitral decision without having been proofed in court. The rights of the parties to apply for the cancellation of an arbitral award under Article 70 of AAPS Law may be waived by mutual agreement of the parties. Thus the arbitration award which is the crown of an arbitrator does not easily "torn apart" by an interest.Constitutional Court decision should be appreciated and quickly responded to by the legislators to revise Law No. 30, 1999 related to the cancellation mechanism arbitration decision after the decision of the Constitutional Court.
Interpretasi Lembaga Negara dan Sengketa Lembaga Negara dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Kewenangan Lembaga Negara
Authors: Triningsih Anna , Mardiya Nuzul Qur’aini
Published: September 2018

Tulisan ini membahas mengenai penyelesaian sengketa kewenangan antarlembaga negara oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi. Dalam penyelesaian sengketa kewenangan konstitusional antar lembaga negara itu terdapat 2 (dua) hal penting yang harus dieksplorasi yaitu soal konsepsi lembaga negara dan kewenangan konstitusional. Guna memahami lembaga negara terlebih dahulu harus melakukan pengelompokan berdasarkan landasan yuridis pembentukannya. Berdasarkan pembentukannya lembaga negara dapat dikelompokkan menjadi 3 (tiga), yaitu lembaga negara yang dibentuk berdasarkan Keppres, UU, dan UUD. Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Putusan Nomor 004/SKLN-IV/2006 tanggal 12 Juli 2006 telah merumuskan kata “lembaga negara yang kewenangannya diberikan oleh Undang-Undang Dasar” dalam Pasal 24C ayat (1) UUD 1945 dengan menggunakan penafsiran gramatika (grammatische interpretatie). Menurut Mahkamah Konstitusi, dalam menentukan subjectum litis atau objectum litis perkara sengketa kewenangan lembaga negara yang kewenangannya diberikan UUD 1945 maka ditentukan terlebih dahulu kewenangan-kewenangan yang diberikan dalam Undang-Undang Dasar dan baru kemudian kepada lembaga apa kewenangan-kewenangan tersebut diberikan.This article is about settlement disputes between authorities of state institutions by the Constitutional Court of Indonesia. In the resolution of disputes between the state institutions there are 2 (two) important things that must be explored, the conception of constitutional state institutions and authority. To understand state institutions once must be done is grouping by the juridical of its formation. Based on its juridical formation state institutions can be grouped into 3 (three), that is institutions formed based on the presidential decree, law, and the constitution. The verdict of The Constitutional Court No 004/SKLN-IV/2006 dated 12 July 2006, Constitutional Court has formulated “state institutions under the authority granted by the constitution” regarding Article 24C Paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution by using grammatical interpretation (grammatische interpretatie). According to The Constitutional Court, in order to determine subjectum litis or objectum litis in settlement disputes of authorities of state institutions cases that authority granted by 1945 Constitution, ones must be considered is the existence of certain authorities in the Constitution and then to which institutions those authorities are given.
Analisis Kritis terhadap Perjanjian Perkawinan dalam Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 69/PUU-XIII/2015
Authors: Yuvens Damian Agata
Published: September 2018

Pengujian terhadap beberapa ketentuan dalam Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 5 Tahun 1960 tentang Peraturan Dasar Pokok-Pokok Agraria dan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan ditujukan untuk memastikan agar warga negara Indonesia yang menikah dengan warga negara asing bisa tetap memiliki hak atas tanah dengan titel Hak Milik maupun Hak Guna Bangunan. Hasil akhirnya, Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia, melalui Putusan No. 69/PUU-XIII/2015, menolak sebagian permohonan yang diajukan dan memberikan tafsir sehubungan dengan perjanjian perkawinan, sehingga perjanjian perkawinan juga bisa dibuat selama dalam ikatan perkawinan. Namun demikian, terdapat masalah nyata dalam Pertimbangan Hukum yang disusun, yaitu falasi, kurangnya pertimbangan dan tidak adanya analisis dampak. Di sisi lain, penilaian yang dilakukan secara terpisah oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi terhadap objek yang diujikan menyebabkan tidak tampaknya perdebatan komprehensif mengenai isu pokok yang diujikan. Terlepas dari kekurangan tersebut, tak dapat pula disangkal bahwa Putusan No. 69/PUU-XIII/2015 memberikan alternatif jalan keluar.Review on some provisions in Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Regulations on Agrarian Principles as well as Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage were submitted in order to ensure that Indonesian citizen who marries foreign citizen could still hold land right with title of the Right of Ownership and the Right of Building. As a result, Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia, through Decision No. 69/PUUXIII/2015, rejected part of the petition and provided interpretation in relation to marital agreement, so that marital agreement could be drafted during the marriage relation. Nevertheless, there are visible problems in the Legal Consideration, namely fallacy, lack of consideration and no impact analysis. On the other hand, assessment conducted separately by Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia caused the invisibility of comprehensive debate on the main issue that is contested. Apart from the said shortcomings, it is undeniable that Decision No. 69/PUU-XIII/2015 provided alternative way out.
Kemungkinan Penerapan Preliminary Ruling Procedure sebagai Media Constitutional Complaint di Mahkamah Konstitusi
Authors: Arundhati Gautama Budi
Published: September 2018

Preliminary ruling procedure seperti yang diterapkan di Uni Eropa dapat menjadi metode alternatif dalam pelaksanaan constitutional complaint di Indonesia. Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 sebagai hukum tertinggi di Indonesia dikawal oleh lembaga yang bernama Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia, dan dalam preliminary ruling procedure untuk pemberlakuan constitutional complaint maka dibutuhkan Peran Pengadilan Negeri dimana melalui preliminary ruling procedure tersebut dapat melakukan constitutional question kepada Mahkamah Konstitusi, dan berlanjut sampai dengan memutuskan perkara constitutional complaint tersebut atas nama Mahkamah Konstitusi, jadi secara tidak langsung Mahkamah Konstitusi memutuskan perkara melalui Pengadilan Negeri. Hal ini untuk menjamin konsistensi antara Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai lembaga peradilan yang berwenang mengawal konstitusi serta menjamin akan adanya kepastian hukum yang harus diterima oleh warga negara secara efektif. Sehingga konstitusi memiliki direct effect secara individual dalam kehidupan sehari-hari rakyat Indonesia.Preliminary ruling procedure as applied in the European Union can be an alternative method for the implementation of the constitutional complaint in Indonesia. Constitution of Republic of Indonesia of 1945 can be assumed as the highest law in Indonesia which been guarded by the institution called the Constitutional Court of Republic of Indonesia, the preliminary ruling procedure for the implementation of the constitutional complaint required the seminal role of the District Court which can exercise the constitutional question to the Constitutional Court and continues it into the judgement of the constitutional complaint on behalf of the Constitutional Court indirectly. This method is to ensure not only the consistency between the Constitutional Court as the guardian of the constitution but also to guarantee the legal certainty which can be accepted by citizens effectively. So the constitution has a direct effect on an individual basis in the daily life of the people of Indonesia.
Kasus Rohingya dan Tanggung Jawab Negara dalam Penegakan Hak Asasi Manusia
Authors: Kurniawan Nalom
Published: September 2018

Dugaan terjadinya pelanggaran HAM terhadap suku Rohingya di Myanmar telah menjadi perhatian dunia Internasional. Suku Rohingya yang telah tinggal beberapa generasi di bagian wilayah Myanmar, tidak diakui kewarganegaraannya oleh pemerintah Myanmar. Bahkan selain itu, terjadi pula beberapa gelombang kekerasan yang diindikasikan bertujuan untuk menghilangkan identitas Rohingya sebagai salah satu suku yang ada di Myanmar. Sebagai sebuah negara berdaulat, Myanmar memiliki kewajiban untuk memberikan perlindungan hukum terhadap warganya. Penyelesaian kasus dugaan pelanggaran HAM terhadap warga Rohingya harus segera ditempuh oleh pemerintah Myanmar guna penghormatan dan perlindungan terhadap hak asasi manusia. Jika tidak ada langkah-langkah efektif yang ditempuh oleh pemerintahan Myanmar dalam memberikan perlindungan terhadap suku Rohingya, maka mekanisme hukum internasional merupakan alternatif yang harus ditempuh untuk memberikan perlindungan terhadap HAM bagi suku Rohingya.The alleged of human rights violations against Rohingya tribe in Myanmar have been the concern of the international public. Rohingya tribe who has lived a few generations in the territory of Myanmar, is not admitted as citizens by the government of Myanmar. Moreover, there have also been several violent acts are indicated to eliminate the identity of Rohingya as one of the tribes in Myanmar. As a sovereign country, Myanmar has an obligation to provide legal protection to its citizens. The settlement of alleged cases of human rights violations against Rohingya citizens must be immediately taken by the government of Myanmar for respect and protection of human rights. If there are no effective measures taken by the government of Myanmar to provide protection to the Rohingya tribe, then the mechanism of international law is an alternative that must be taken to provide protection for human rights for the Rohingya tribe.
Pemanfaatan Pulau-Pulau Kecil oleh Penanaman Modal Asing Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 3/PUU-VIII/2010
Authors: Darwis Muhammad
Published: September 2018

Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 3/PUU-VIII/2010 menganulir konsep Hak Pengusahaan Perairan Pesisir (HP–3) yang ditetapkan dalam Undang-Undang No. 27 tahun 2007. Putusan ini memunculkan konsep baru yaitu izin pemanfaatan pulau-pulau kecil. Terdapat dua konsep yang berbeda antara hak dan izin, sehingga perlu dijelaskan perbedaan konsep dan implementasi keduanya dalam pemanfaatan pulau-pulau kecil. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif yang menekankan kajian perundang-undangan dan putusan hakim yang mengatur pemanfaatan pulau-pulau kecil. Penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa izin pemanfaatan lebih tepat digunakan daripada hak pengelolaan karena menekankan agar pemerintah lebih memiliki peran dan tanggung jawab dalam pengelolaan wilayah pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil, dengan konsep perizinan memberikan ruang yang luas kepada pemerintah untuk melaksanakan aktivitas kerja yang solid baik mulai perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan pengawasan.Decision of the Constitutional Court No. 3/PUU-VIII/2010 annulled the concept of Coastal Water Concessions (HP-3) are defined in the Law No. 27 year 2007, this decision gave rise to a new concept that permits the use of small islands. There are two different concepts of “rights” and “permissions”, so it is necessary to explain the differences both in concept and implementation in those small islands utilization. This study uses normative legal research method that emphasizes the review of legislation and judgment decisions governing the utilization of small islands. This research explains that utilization permits are more appropriately used than management rights because it emphasizes that the government has more roles and responsibilities in the management of coastal areas and small islands, with the concept of licensing provides widespread space to the government to carry out solid work activities from starting planning, implementation, until supervision.
Konstitusionalitas Hak Perguruan Tinggi untuk Mengelola Kekayaan Negara
Authors: Eddyono Luthfi Widagdo
Published: September 2018

Pada 12 Desember 2013, Mahkamah Konstitusi telah memutuskan perkara 103/PUU-X/2012. Perkara tersebut diajukan oleh para mahasiswa hukum dari Universitas Andalas yang pada pokoknya mempersoalkan salah satunya terkait dengan konstitusionalitas hak pengelolaan kekayaan negara kepada perguruan tinggi yang sejatinya memang rentan untuk disalahgunakan. Tulisan ini akan mengkaji putusan tersebut, serta putusan atas isu-isu lainnya untuk melihat keterkaitan satu sama lain seperti mengenai konstitusionalitas penyelenggaraan perguruan tinggi negeri badan hukum. Tulisan ini juga mengaitkan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi tersebut dengan putusan-putusan sebelumnya secara komprehensif. Pada akhirnya, Mahkamah Konstitusi telah menyatakan penyerahan hak pengelolaan kekayaan negara kepada perguruan tinggi adalah konstitusional, selama kepemilikan atas kekayaan negara tersebut tidak dialihkan dan pelaksanaannya dilakukan sesuai dengan persyaratan yang ditentukan oleh pemerintah. Walau demikian, fakta yang terungkap dalam persidangan, pemerintah justru telah memberi “fleksibilitas” dalam tata kelola dan manajemen keuangan perguruan tinggi, baik dalam pengalokasian maupun dalam penggunaan dana baik yang bersumber dari APBN maupun dari sumber-sumber pendanaan lainnya yang tentu saja rentan untuk disalahgunakan, sehingga penulis merekomendasikan urgensinya pengaturan tata kelola perguruan tinggi agar terhindar dari penyalahgunaan pengelolaan dan termasuk pencegahan atas tindakan koruptif.On December 12, 2013, the Constitutional Court has ruled the case 103/PUU-X/2012. The case was filed by law students from the University of Andalas who questioned related to the constitutionality of the right of the management of state assets handled by universities that are actually vulnerable to misuse. This paper will examine the decision, as well as the decision on other issues to see the interrelationship of each other such as the constitutionality of the organization of state universities legal entities. This paper also links the Decision with previous decisions in a comprehensive description. Ultimately, the Constitutional Court has declared that the transfer of state property rights to universities is constitutional, as long as the ownership of the state’s property is not transferred and its execution is carried out in accordance with the requirements stipulated by the government. Nevertheless, the facts revealed in the trial even the government has given “flexibility” in the management and financial management of universities, both in the allocation and in the use of funds either sourced from the state budget or from other sources of funding which of course vulnerable to abuse. That is why the author recommend the urgency of governance regulations of universities to avoid misuse of management and including the prevention of corrupt acts.
Аналіз термодеструкції компонентів стовбура сосни звичайної в умовах Північного Степу України
Authors: Ловинська В. М. , Рула І. В.
Published: September 2018

Проведено дослідження процесу термодеструкції деревини і кори сосни звичайної в умовах північного байрачного Степу України. Методами термогравіметричного (TG), диференційно-термограві­метрич-ного (DTG) та диференційно-термічний (DTA) аналізів в окислювальному середовищі зі швидкістю нагріву 10 °С/хв здійснено якісний і кількісний аналіз та встановлено стадії термічного розкладання досліджуваних структурних компонентів стовбура. Отримано класичні криві, що описують процес термічного розкладання основних компонентів біомаси. Визначено основні температурні інтервали (етапів) процесів термоокислювальної деструкції. Розраховано енергію активації як в усьому досліджуваному діапазоні температур, так і для кожного із визначених етапів.

Thermal decomposition of wood and bark from such coniferous species as Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) within Northern Steppe of Ukraine has been studied using thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Thermal qualitative and quantitative analysis of wood and bark samples was carried out in an oxidizing (air) atmosphere under conditions of a programmable heating up to 620 °C at heating rate 10 °C/min. The stages of thermal decomposition, the temperature intervals, the mass loss, the mass loss rate, the temperature peaks were determined for investigated species. The kinetic thermal degradation parameters of wood and bark were obtained by the Broido method. Scots pine wood and bark was characterized from the data of activation energy analysis at various stages of thermal decomposition.

It is shown that the thermal decomposition process of pine wood and bark biomass is characterized by the behavior of the three main components of lignocellulosic biomass: hemo-cellulose, cellulose, and lignin. Four temperature ranges is identified, which characterize the basic stages of thermal decomposition of samples.

The main process of thermo-oxidative degradation of cellulose in the bark began at a temperature ~ 220 °С, while for the wood – at ~ 240 °С. Less exothermic effect is observed for the bark at lower temperatures. There are two peaks on differential thermogravimetric curves of Scots pine wood and bark. The first was at a maximum at 320 °C for wood and 300 °C for bark, the second is at 440 °C for bark and 490 °C for wood, which correlates with the burning of coal.

It was established that the activation energy values, that corresponding to the destruction process of the Scots pine trunk phytomass components in the studied temperature range were almost unchanged for wood and bark. But each of the destruction stages is characterized by different activation energy, which is well demonstrated by the peaks of differential thermogravimetric curves.
Relation of Lecturer’s Competency, Motivation and Utilization of Information and Communication Technologies to Job Satisfaction and Performance
Authors: M Mirfan , Gani H. Mursalim Umar , Serang Serlin , Arifin H. Zaenal
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relation of competency, motivation and utilization of information and communication technologies (ICT) on job satisfaction and lecturer’s performance at five College of informatics management and computer technique in Makassar. This study uses survey data collection Cross section through a questionnaire. As many as 285 lecturers are eligible to be population and determination of a sample of 160 respondents using the formula Slovin. Data from the questionnaires were analyzed using Structural Equation Model (SEM) with AMOS assistance. The results found that the competence, motivation and utilization of ICT positive and significant effect on job satisfaction and lecturer performance. Job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on the lecturer’s performance. Competence, motivation and ICT have a positive and significant effect on lecturer’s performance through job satisfaction.
Kegagalan Badan Antikorupsi
Authors: Siregar Shohibul Anshor
Published: September 2018

Director of Global Supply Chain Compliance at International Rescue Committee, Michael Ndichu Kuria (2012), dalam sebuah tulisannya berjudul “Why do anti-corruption agencies fail?” memaparkan fakta mengejutkan tentang badan antikorupsi. Orang yang berpengalaman dalam bidang tugas konsultansi kontra-penipuan dan kontra-korupsi (terutama untuk wilayah Timur, Tengah dan Tanduk Afrika), ini mengemukakan bahwa sebagian besar dari 50 negara paling korup di dunia membanggakan setidaknya satu lembaga antikorupsi terpusat yang bertugas untuk mencegah, menyelidiki dan mengadili kasus-kasus korupsi.
Human dimensions of ecosystem-based management: Lessons in managing trade-offs from the Northern Shrimp Fishery in Northern Peninsula, Newfoundland
Authors: Epstein Graham , Andrews Evan , Armitage Derek , Foley Paul , Brushett Rebecca , Pittman Jeremy
Published: September 2018

Fisheries can have significant impacts on the structure and function of marine ecosystems, including impacts on habitats and non-target species. As a result, management agencies face growing calls to account for the ecosystem impacts of fishing, while navigating the political and economic interests of diverse stakeholders. This paper assesses the impacts of two specific factors on the attitudes and well-being of shrimp fishers in the context of a selective fisheries closure designed to protect crabs in the Northern Peninsula of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada: (1) the species portfolios of fishers; and (2) democratic rulemaking. The results of this analysis suggest that shrimp fishers were more likely to support selective closures for the shrimp fishery if they also fished for crab, and felt they had an influence on the management of the fishery. The results further indicate that species portfolio diversification had a positive and statistically significant impact on the subjective economic well-being of fishers. This study contributes to an emerging literature on the human dimensions of ecosystem based fisheries management, highlighting opportunities to address trade-offs in fisheries through species diversification and by enhancing the role and influence of fishers in management processes.
Pragmatics and Language Evolution
Authors: Woensdregt Marieke , Smith Kenny
Published: September 2018

Pragmatics is the branch of linguistics that deals with language use in context. It looks at the meaning linguistic utterances can have beyond their literal meaning (implicature), and also at presupposition and turn taking in conversation. Thus, pragmatics lies on the interface between language and social cognition.From the point of view of both speaker and listener, doing pragmatics requires reasoning about the minds of others. For instance, a speaker has to think about what knowledge they share with the listener to choose what information to explicitly encode in their utterance and what to leave implicit. A listener has to make inferences about what the speaker meant based on the context, their knowledge about the speaker, and their knowledge of general conventions in language use. This ability to reason about the minds of others (usually referred to as “mindreading” or “theory of mind”) is a cognitive capacity that is uniquely developed in humans compared to other animals.What we know about how pragmatics (and the underlying ability to make inferences about the minds of others) has evolved. Biological evolution and cultural evolution are the two main processes that can lead to the development of a complex behavior over generations, and we can explore to what extent they account for what we know about pragmatics.In biological evolution, changes happen as a result of natural selection on genetically transmitted traits. In cultural evolution on the other hand, selection happens on skills that are transmitted through social learning. Many hypotheses have been put forward about the role that natural selection may have played in the evolution of social and communicative skills in humans (for example, as a result of changes in food sources, foraging strategy, or group size). The role of social learning and cumulative culture, however, has been often overlooked. This omission is particularly striking in the case of pragmatics, as language itself is a prime example of a culturally transmitted skill, and there is solid evidence that the pragmatic capacities that are so central to language use may themselves be partially shaped by social learning.In light of empirical findings from comparative, developmental, and experimental research, we can consider the potential contributions of both biological and cultural evolutionary mechanisms to the evolution of pragmatics. The dynamics of types of evolutionary processes can also be explored using experiments and computational models.Woensdregt, M., & Smith, K. (2017). Pragmatics and Language Evolution. In Aronoff, M. (Ed.), Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.321. Reproduced by permission of Oxford University Press. Published version available at: http://linguistics.oxfordre.com/abstract/10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.001.0001/acrefore-9780199384655-e-321?rskey=YdHgxy&result=18
Revisiting Erik Erikson’s Legacy on Culture, Race, and Ethnicity
Authors: Syed Moin , Fish Jillian
Published: September 2018

In contemporary identity research Erik Erikson is seldom associated with work on culture, race, and ethnicity. What is ironic about this lack of association is that not only did Erikson consider these factors, but that they figured prominently into his theorizing. The purpose of this article is to provide an analysis of Erikson’s views that is more accurate than is what is typically represented by: 1) reviewing a brief history of empirical research on identity development since Erikson, 2) providing a broad summary of Erikson’s writing on how identity is shaped by culture, race, and ethnicity, 3) arguing that Erikson’s work suggests that historical trauma serves as an ideological setting for the identity development of marginalized groups, and 4) describing how historical trauma is associated with threats to temporal identity integration, or self-continuity.
What is mechanistic evidence, and why do we need it for evidence-based policy?
Authors: Marchionni Caterina , Reijula Samuli
Published: September 2018

It has recently been argued that successful evidence-based policy should rely on two kinds of evidence: statistical and mechanistic. The former is held to be evidence that a policy brings about the desired outcome, and the latter concerns how it does so. Although agreeing with the spirit of this proposal, we argue that the underlying conception of mechanistic evidence as evidence that is different in kind from correlational, difference-making or statistical evidence, does not correctly capture the role that information about mechanisms should play in evidence-based policy. We offer an alternative account of mechanistic evidence as information concerning the causal pathway connecting the policy intervention to its outcome. Not only can this be analyzed as evidence of difference-making, it is also to be found at any level and is obtainable by a broad range of methods, both experimental and observational. Using behavioral policy as an illustration, we draw the implications of this revised understanding of mechanistic evidence for debates concerning policy extrapolation, evidence hierarchies, and evidence integration.