bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Problemas emocionais e comportamentais em adolescentes no contexto da COVID-19: um estudo de método misto
Authors: Peterle Carolina Ferreira , Fonseca Caroline Lima , Freitas Bruna Hinnah Borges Martins de , Gaíva Maria Aparecida Munhos , Diogo Paula Manuela Jorge , Bortolini Juliano
Published: November 2022

Resumo Objetivo: estimar a prevalência de problemas emocionais e comportamentais em adolescentes no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19 e explorar a percepção dos adolescentes sobre os problemas emocionais e comportamentais identificados. Método: estudo de método misto de desenho explanatório sequencial. Participaram 479 adolescentes de 15 a 18 anos de uma capital do Centro-Oeste brasileiro. Resultados: dos 479 participantes, a média de idade foi de 16,03 anos (DP=1,01). A prevalência de problemas emocionais e comportamentais foi de 61,17% e houve diferença em relação ao sexo (ORb=2,93; p<0,01). As maiores prevalências foram relativas aos problemas de relacionamentos com os pares (54,49%) e aos sintomas emocionais (52,40%). Os adolescentes perceberam o aumento de solidão, ansiedade, tristeza, distanciamento dos amigos e dificuldades de socialização durante a pandemia. Conclusão: a maioria dos adolescentes foi classificada com problemas emocionais e comportamentais, sendo que as meninas apresentaram maior chance de manifestá-los em comparação aos meninos. Os depoimentos dos adolescentes reforçam os resultados quantitativos. Dessa forma, nota-se a necessidade de implementar ações de promoção e restabelecimento da saúde mental dos adolescentes, de modo a mitigar o impacto socioemocional da pandemia de COVID-19 junto a essa população.
Nurses and health care for gay adolescents
Authors: Melo Luan Sudário , Bonelli Maria Aparecida , Ayres José Ricardo de Carvalho Mesquita , Silva Glauber Weder dos Santos , Borges Flávio Adriano , Wernet Monika
Published: November 2022

Abstract Objective: to analyze nurses’ statements about health care for gay adolescents. Method: qualitative study, anchored on the Thematic Analysis of Clarke and Braun, with adoption of Symbolic Interactionism as a theoretical framework, since it favors the understanding of the relationship between behaviors, interactions, and social meanings. Twelve nurses recruited using the snowball sampling technique were remotely interviewed via the Google Meet® video-conferencing app. Results: four themes were elaborated throughout the comprehensive-interpretative process: “Gay adolescents, agendas, and relation with health;” “The gay adolescent’s family and care;” “Relationship with gay adolescents in care,” and “Limits to nursing care for gay adolescents.” Conclusion: the statements denounce stigmas and symbols derived from cisheteronormativity as intervening in the relationship and indicate the urgency of investing in the intersubjective encounter with gay adolescents and their families in a horizontal, affective, and empathic relationship, with chances of favoring public defense of the right to health. There are comments on the nurses’ attitude and qualification of care for this population.
Manejo do sobrepeso e obesidade em crianças e adolescentes por enfermeiras: estudo de métodos mistos
Authors: Oliveira Renata Cardoso , Souto Rafaella Queiroga , Santos José Luís Guedes dos , Reichert Altamira Pereira da Silva , Ramalho Elisabeth Luisa Rodrigues , Collet Neusa
Published: November 2022

Resumo Objetivo: analisar o manejo do sobrepeso e da obesidade de crianças e adolescentes por enfermeiras da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Método: estudo de método misto paralelo convergente, desenvolvido em Unidades Básicas de Saúde, de um município do nordeste brasileiro. Na etapa quantitativa, os dados foram coletados a partir de um questionário aplicado a 98 enfermeiras e analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. Para a etapa qualitativa, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com sete enfermeiras, interpretadas pela análise temática indutiva. Os resultados quantitativos e qualitativos foram integrados e apresentados por meio de joint display. Resultados: a maioria dos enfermeiros raramente verificava a circunferência da cintura (77,6%), dislipidemia (55,7%), glicemia (42,3%) e nenhum avaliava a pressão arterial (75,3%). Nos resultados qualitativos, identificamos que há enfermeiros que não classificavam o índice de massa corporal segundo sexo e idade. Quanto aos exames, as solicitações estavam relacionadas principalmente à rotina de puericultura. As orientações sobre atividade física e alimentação foram dadas de forma básica ou atribuídas a outros profissionais, e os encaminhamentos para outros serviços ou profissionais sem seguimento pelos enfermeiros. Conclusão: é imperioso a capacitação dos enfermeiros para o manejo do sobrepeso e obesidade na atenção primária para crianças e adolescentes com vistas a qualidade do atendimento para a prevenção de comorbidades.
Expression analysis of phosphate induced genes in contrasting maize genotypes for phosphorus use efficiency
Authors: Vasconcelos M. J. V. , Figueiredo J. E. F. , Oliveira M. F. , Parentoni S. N. , Marriel I. E. , Raghothama K. G.
Published: November 2022

Abstract Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for plant growth and development. The ability of plants to acquire phosphate (Pi) from the rhizosphere soil is critical in the Brazilian Cerrado characterized by acidic soil. The induction of Pi transporters is one of the earliest molecular responses to Pi deficiency in plants. In this study, we characterize the transcriptional regulation of six (ZmPT1 to ZmPT6) high-affinity Pi transporters genes in four Pi-efficient and four Pi-inefficient maize (Zea mays) genotypes. The expression analysis indicated that Pi-starvation induced the transcription of all ZmPT genes tested. The abundance of transcripts was inversely related to Pi concentration in nutrient solution and was observed as early as five days following the Pi deprivation. The Pi-starved plants replenished with 250 µM Pi for four to five days resulted in ZmPT suppression, indicating the Pi role in gene expression. The tissue-specific expression analysis revealed the abundance of ZmPT transcripts in roots and shoots. The six maize Pi transporters were primarily detected in the upper and middle root portions and barely expressed in root tips. The expression profiles of the six ZmPTs phosphate transporters between and among Pi-efficient and Pi-inefficient genotypes showed an absence of significant differences in the expression pattern of the ZmPTs among Pi-efficient and Pi-inefficient genotypes. The results suggested that Pi acquisition efficiency is a complex trait determined by quantitative loci in maize.
Osteoporosis in swine
Authors: Lorenzett Marina P. , Cecco Bianca S. , Bianchi Matheus V. , Cruz Raquel A.S. , Linhares Daniel C.L. , Guedes Roberto M.C. , Driemeier David , Pavarini Saulo P.
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT: Forty-six pigs presented muscle weakness, hind limb paresis and paralysis, weight loss, lateral recumbency, and death in a clinical course of 7 to 10 days. Two pigs were necropsied and exhibited bone fragility, bone callus formation, and multiple fractures in the limbs, ribs, and vertebrae. Microscopically, there was a diffuse and marked decrease in thickness and number of trabeculae. These were disconnected, with a “free-floating” appearance, while the cortex of the long bones was thinned, with an increase of the cortical porosity by enlargement of Haversian canals and endosteal erosion and decreased osteoblastic activity. Flame atomic absorption spectrometry in liver samples revealed significant zinc overload (>2300ppm) and copper deficiency (<33.1ppm). In this communication, we present the first pathologic description of an outbreak of osteoporosis in pigs, and we also provide a brief review of metabolic bone diseases in pigs.
Surfing the hurricane: Iberian leaderships during the Debt Crisis from biographical and interpretive perspective
Authors: Collado-Campaña Francisco , Jiménez-Díaz José-Francisco
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: Through an interpretative perspective, we investigate how Spanish and Portuguese politicians managed the 2008 and 2016 debt crisis. Specifically, we explore their political career and the actions of two prime ministers of Spain (Zapareto and Rajoy) and two from Portugal (Sócrates and Passos Coelho) with intent to check how their biographies influenced the way which they dealt with the crisis. Materials and methods: From a qualitative study from these four cases, we highlight the prime minister’s life choices and compare their habitus, mental frame, political capital, the political field and their respective actions under a structuralist constructivist perspective and the New Leadership theory. Results: The initial denial of the economic crisis in the public speech of these leaders harmed their command capability, lowered their political trust, and was the reason for incoherence between their speeches and actions on implementing austerity policies. Usually, political leaders that implemented these economic policies faced serious continuity problems in their seats, regardless of their ideological orientation. Discussion: The political and institutional crisis caused by the overlapping of the national policies of these two countries, and the political orientation of the European Union narrowed the autonomy of the Spanish and Portuguese prime ministers. We conclude that sincere leaders, capable of distinguishing responsibilities, and able to communicate with voters have greater chances to survive politically.
Efeitos da pandemia de Covid-19 sobre o acesso aos canais de comercialização dos agricultores familiares: estudo qualitativo no município de Mariana - MG
Authors: Singulano Marisa Alice , Viana Francisca Diana Ferreira , Inácio Iago Luciano Estevam
Published: November 2022

Resumo: Este artigo trata do efeito da pandemia de Covid-19 sobre o acesso aos mercados por agricultores familiares em Mariana. A pesquisa se orientou teoricamente pela discussão sobre a construção social dos mercados acessados por agricultores familiares. Foi utilizada como modelo analítico uma tipologia de mercados desenvolvida por Schneider (2016) que diferencia os principais canais de comercialização acessados pelos agricultores familiares no Brasil de modo a avaliar possíveis alterações nas formas de comercialização durante a pandemia. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório e descritivo, contando com uma metodologia qualitativa, consistindo na realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com os agricultores familiares de Mariana. Por meio da análise de conteúdo das entrevistas, foi possível identificar que não se alteraram os canais de comercialização disponíveis no contexto pandêmico, mas, devido às restrições de acesso, somando-se à ausência de incentivos e políticas públicas, os agricultores foram impactados, destacando-se a redução expressiva em sua renda.
Model proposition for predicting sustainability classes using multicriteria decision support and artificial intelligence
Authors: Couto Ayrton Benedito Gaia do , Rangel Luís Alberto Duncan
Published: November 2022

Abstract: The current study proposes a novel prediction model of sustainability classes for electricity distribution companies in Brazil, based on sustainability indicators, aiming at a more effective risk management for a certain company among their competitors. Because such indicators are based on quantitative and qualitative measures and are very likely to incur imprecisions in their measures, the model to be proposed is based on a Multicriteria Decision Support, Rough Sets Theory, which allows the mathematical treatment of those imprecisions, and Artificial Intelligence, in this case, Machine Learning by rules inference. Consequently, decision tables are generated with condition attributes, sustainability indicators, and decision attributes, sustainability classes: high, medium or low. As a result, it is possible to predict sustainability classes based in temporal series of indicators and rules inference from decision tables, using RoughSets package in R and the jMAF software, demonstrating the use of five rule generation algorithms and their respective accuracies.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE O SOFRIMENTO
Authors: Goldenberg Ricardo
Published: November 2022

RESUMO: Pode-se constatar como, ao longo da história da psicanálise, de modo talvez inadvertido, a ideia de sofrimento foi elevada ao estatuto de um objeto que funciona como razão necessária, se não suficiente, para se empreender uma análise. Argumento que, a despeito dos esforços de Freud por separar a psicanálise da medicina e da religião, os analistas ainda permanecem mais cativos da moral judaico-cristã do que gostariam de admitir. Caberia discutir as incidências sobre a aplicação do método psicanalítico e como afeta a reivindicação de uma ética que seja inerente à psicanálise.
DESTINOS DA PULSÃO INVOCANTE NA DIREÇÃO DA ANÁLISE
Authors: Maliska Maurício Eugênio
Published: November 2022

RESUMO: Parte-se da premissa da importância da pulsão invocante em relação ao retorno em direção ao eu e a reversão no contrário como uma função de torção no nível do Outro. Objetiva-se mostrar como esse movimento pulsional orienta a direção da análise, pois está na base das intervenções do analista. O artigo traz duas vinhetas clínicas que tentam operar no campo da torção do significante e da voz através da operação de chiffonnage. Conclui-se que o significante novo oriundo da intervenção do analista é guiado por uma torção no nível da voz, produzindo um efeito significativo na direção da análise.
O OLHAR EM PSICANÁLISE NO CONTEXTO DA OFICINA DE FOTOGRAFIA NA ATENÇÃO PSICOSSOCIAL
Authors: SONEGO VANESSA MARQUES , GAGEIRO ANA MARIA
Published: November 2022

RESUMO: Problematiza a questão do olhar na oficina de fotografia no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS), situada na interface entre psicanálise, fotografia e atenção psicossocial. Buscou-se articular a experiência neste dispositivo sustentada pelos conceitos da teoria psicanalítica freudo-lacaniana, particularmente o conceito de estádio do espelho de Lacan. Formulamos a noção de analista-inventariante a partir do conceito de inventário como tática, proposto por Pimentel (2014), demarcando as especificidades que a oficina opera a partir do trabalho com imagens.
O DESTINO DECOLONIAL DA SUBLIMAÇÃO: AS MÍDIAS POPULARES NO COMBATE AO RACISMO BRASILEIRO
Authors: ARAUJO MARIANA MOLLICA DA COSTA RIBEIRO
Published: November 2022

RESUMO: Apresentamos nesse artigo os primeiros resultados de uma pesquisa de pós-doutorado desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-graduação em Teoria Psicanalítica da UFRJ, que tem, como campo de intervenção do psicanalista, os movimentos sociais populares. A hipótese de trabalho sustentada é a de que a presença do psicanalista junto a tais movimentos favorece a sublimação, um destino da pulsão diferente do recalque e das perversões e pode servir como meio de decolonização dos laços sociais e de tratamento do gozo racista. Através da apropriação das novas tecnologias digitais, movimentos de base popular e de transformação social e política constroem novos modos de transmissão de um uso particular da língua, da cultura e das invenções singulares para enfrentamento do colonialismo e da necropolítica. A subversão do sujeito pode ser testemunhada pela amplificação de vozes que encontram ressonância na pólis, rompendo o silenciamento histórico imposto pelo jugo da raça, que reduz sujeitos a objetos-dejeto do capital.
DECOLONIAL DESTINY OF SUBLIMATION: POPULAR MEDIA IN THE FIGHT AGAINST BRAZILIAN RACISM
Authors: ARAUJO MARIANA MOLLICA DA COSTA RIBEIRO
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT: We present in this article the first results of a post-doctoral research developed in the Graduate Program in Psychoanalytic Theory at UFRJ, which has, as a field of intervention of the psychoanalyst, popular social movements. The working hypothesis is that the presence of the psychoanalyst with such movements favors sublimation, a destination of the drive different from repression and perversions and can serve as a means of decolonizing social ties and treating racist jouissance. Through the appropriation of new digital technologies, grassroots movements and social and political transformation build new modes of transmission of a particular use of language, culture and unique inventions to face colonialism and necropolitics. The subversion of the subject can be witnessed by the amplification of voices that find resonance in the polis, breaking the historical silencing imposed by the yoke of race, which reduces subjects to capital waste objects.
Activity of powdered methylxanthine applied to poultry litter on adults of Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer, 1797) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Ishizuka Masaio Mizuno , Leandro Nadja Susana Mogyca , Silva Julia Marixara Sousa da , Santos Raphael Rodrigues dos , Oliveira Helder Freitas de , Café Marcos Barcellos
Published: November 2022

Abstract One of the pests that most affect and compromise poultry production worldwide is the insect Alphitobius diaperinus, known as the lesser mealworm. This insect is a vector of diseases that compromise not only chicken production but also human health. This study proposes to examine the efficacy and determine the appropriate rate of methylxanthine (MTX), a natural insecticide extracted from cafeine, for the control of an adult population of lesser mealworms in poultry litter. A total of 2,500 adult mealworms were distributed into five treatments in a completely randomized design using 10 replications with 50 insects per replication. The treatments consisted of a control group and four concentrations of MTX (14, 16, 18, and 20 g/m2) spread in plastic boxes containing reused poultry litter and feed, allocated in a broiler shed, to simulate the farm condition. The experimental period was 18 days, and five readings were performed on days 2, 4, 6, 10, and 18. Methylxanthine affected (P<0.05) the mealworms’ cumulative mortality rate, with the groups of insects housed in boxes treated with 16 g /m2 MTX showing the highest cumulative mortality (86.6%) at the end of the experimental period. In conclusion, MTX has insecticidal action on adults of lesser mealworm and can be used on chicken litter to control the population of this insect in poultry sheds. The MTX concentration of 16 g/m2 showed the greatest effectiveness.
Influence of age and sex on blood biochemical profile of Bonsmara cattle breed up to two years
Authors: Barbosa Fernando Cristino , Oliveira Junior Wilson , Faria João Gabriel Knychala , Vieira Danielle Souza , Guimarães Ednaldo Carvalho , Mundim Antonio Vicente
Published: November 2022

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of animal age and sex on serum concentrations of proteins, metabolites, minerals, and enzymes in Bonsmara cattle up to two years of age. Blood samples were collected from 179 animals (92 males and 87 females), aged between 15 days and 24 months. The animals were divided into four age groups: G1: 15 days ┤2 months, G2: 2 ┤6 months, G3: 6 ┤ 12 months, and G4: 12 ┤24 months of age. The samples were processed in an automatic multichannel analyzer using Labtest Diagnóstica™ kits. Animal age had a significant influence on most of the serum biochemical constituents except for magnesium (Mg) and the Ca+:iP ratio. As age increased, G3 showed the highest concentrations of total proteins (TP), globulins (Glob), urea, and cholesterol (Chol); while G4 had a gradual increase and higher values of creatinine (Crea), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Conversely, albumin:globulin (A:G) ratio, calcium (Ca+), inorganic phosphorus (iP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) decreased from G1 to G4. Moreover, animal sex influenced serum values of albumin (ALB), Glob, A:G ratio, Crea, urea, triglycerides (TRI), Ca+, iP, Ca+:iP ratio and Mg. In conclusion, the factors of age group and sex significantly influenced the concentrations of serum biochemical constituents in Bonsmara cattle in the growth phase.
The macroscopic and microscopic description of ruminal lesions in feedlot bovine
Authors: Viana Paulo Roberto Lucas , Viana Letícia Fleury , Araújo Gustavo Henrique Marques , Moraes Isadora David Tavares de , Queiroz Paulo José Bastos , Cagnini Didier Quevedo , Silva Luiz Antônio Franco da , Rabelo Rogério Elias
Published: November 2022

Abstract Administration of diets rich in highly fermentable carbohydrates and low fiber content can cause an imbalance between the microorganisms in the rumen with consequent ruminal acidosis. This problem can cause lesions in the rumen wall, often progressing to rumenitis. The purpose of the present was to characterize macroscopic and microscopic ruminal lesions observed in confined feedlot cattle with claw lesions or liver abscess. A total of 1060 bovines were evaluated via postmortem examination. Claw lesions were identified in 88, liver abscess in 10, and macroscopic rumen lesions in 230 bovines; furthermore, 178 rumens were characterized with hyperkeratosis, 41 with hyperemia, 9 with ulcer, and 2 with neoplasia. The 98 bovines with claw lesions and liver abscess were selected for histopathological examination. Of these, macroscopic lesions were noted in 23 and microscopic lesions in 23 animals. Of the 23 animals that presented macroscopic lesions, 10 showed the same changes observed under microscopy. Seven cases of hyperkeratosis were diagnosed in the macro and microscopic evaluation. Of the 5 cases of hyperemia verified on macroscopy, 2 cases were identified via microscopy, and 1 case of ulcer identified through macroscopy and microscopy. The microscopic evaluation of the rumens allowed the identification of lesions in animals with claw lesions that did not present macroscopic rumen alterations.
A tuberculose na perspectiva do homem e da mulher
Authors: Silva Talina Carla da , Pinto Mayrla Lima , Orlandi Giovanna Mariah , Figueiredo Tânia Maria Ribeiro Monteiro de , França Francisco Oscar de Siqueira , Bertolozzi Maria Rita
Published: November 2022

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar aspectos relacionados à vivência da tuberculose na perspectiva de homens e mulheres portadores de tuberculose. Método: Estudo transversal qualiquantitativo. Entrevistou-se, por meio de questionário semiestruturado, pacientes com tuberculose no município de Campina Grande-PB, entre setembro/2017 e janeiro/2018. Realizou-se Análise de Discurso e teste Qui-Quadrado. Resultados: Entrevistaram-se 63 sujeitos, sendo 34 (54,0%) do sexo masculino. Evidenciou-se associação da categoria gênero com escolaridade (p = 0,004), atividade de trabalho (p = 0,023), tempo despendido em atividades fora do domicílio (p = 0,013) e tempo despendido em atividades no domicílio (p = 0,001). A análise dos depoimentos revelou, principalmente, que o homem percebe seu papel como provedor principal da família e, a mulher, no papel social de cuidadora, adiando muitas vezes a busca por um serviço de saúde com receio de não conseguir exercer esse papel na família e/ou na sociedade. Conclusão A debilidade causada pela doença e a longa duração do tratamento mudaram a rotina dos entrevistados, causando sofrimento e frustração, com decorrências no desempenho dos papéis sociais no interior da família e na sociedade, constituindo-se em barreira na adesão ao tratamento da tuberculose.
Association between biopsychosocial factors and self-reported COVID-19 clinical complications in a Brazilian city
Authors: Nascimento Murilo César do , Fava Silvana Maria Coelho Leite , Dázio Eliza Maria Rezende , Silva Simone Albino da , Silva Kênia Lara , Oliveira Alexandre Balsanuf , Delpino Felipe Mendes , Fronteira Inês , Arcêncio Ricardo Alexandre , Sawada Namie Okino
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to analyze the existence of an association between the biopsychosocial profile of people affected and the number of self-reported clinical complications from COVID-19 in a Brazilian city. Methods: This is a cross-sectional (baseline) study, nested in a cohort study, carried out with 217 confirmed cases of COVID-19, interviewed from January to October 2021, during home visits, in a city in the south of Minas Gerais, Brazil. A structured questionnaire with the KoboToolbox resource was used. The independent variables were sociodemographic and clinical profile (comorbidities), quality of life, post-traumatic stress, anxiety, depression, and social support. The dependent variable was the number of self-reported clinical complications from COVID-19. The multivariate linear regression technique was adopted for the analyses. Results: The participants reported multiple clinical complications from COVID-19. There were “four or more” complications in 94.6% of the cases. Having a history of high blood pressure was associated with more complications post-SARS-CoV-2 infection, whereas having a caregiver and presenting with post-traumatic stress were associated with fewer COVID-19 complications. Conclusion: The multisystemic nature of the complications caused by COVID-19 and the associations identified emphasizes the need for an integrated approach to patients and for studies that monitor the effects of the disease on the demands placed on health systems, aiming to better understand and address them.
Physicochemical properties of heterogeneously acetylated glucomannan of A. oncophyllus and its performance for iron encapsulation
Authors: Ulya Hana Nikma , Devara Hafiz R. , Wardhani Dyah Hesti , Chusnullita Aulia , Purwati Dwi , Aryanti Nita
Published: November 2022

Abstract Well-known as a food additive, glucomannan has excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability properties. However, glucomannan is easily gelled, which limited its use in high concentration. To reduce the gel formation ability of glucomannan, acetylation was conducted. This work aims to study the effect of acetylation on physicochemical properties of glucomannan. Acetylation was performed in heterogeneous system which glucomannan was immersed in ethanol (96%) with various concentrations of glucomannan (5-25%) and acetic acid (5-99%). This modified glucomannan was subsequently used as an encapsulation matrix for producing iron beads. The results showed that higher concentration of acetic acid in acetylation impacted on higher solubility and viscosity of glucomannan. The transmittance intensity of Infrared (IR) spectra and morphology of glucomannan were changed due to the acetylation and encapsulation process. The highest viscosity of the matrix (484.33 cP) led to the highest Encapsulation Yield (EY) (53.3%). Gompertz’s model fitted to describe the release profile of iron in all samples (R2>0.92) that showed the burst phenomena in the initial release. This work found that acetylated glucomannan had higher solubility and has a potency to protect the iron taste during oral consumption as it releases slower in neutral pH solution.
VALIDAÇÃO DE TESTE EM TRÊS CAMADAS PARA MAPEAR PERFIS EPISTEMOLÓGICOS DE DENSIDADE
Authors: Melo Viviane Florentino de , Amantes Amanda
Published: November 2022

RESUMO: Apresentamos a validação de um teste em três camadas para acessar elementos do perfil epistemológico do conceito de densidade e o design do perfil de 249 estudantes do Ensino Médio e 75 da universidade. A partir da modelagem Rasch, avaliamos as propriedades psicométricas dos testes e investigamos o perfil. Os resultados indicaram: i) bom ajuste do modelo; ii) boa consistência interna; iii) incerteza sobre a dimensionalidade; iv) bom ajuste dos itens; e v) mau ajuste das pessoas. Identificamos que os itens que marcam a iniciação do perfil se referem a um conhecimento pouco articulado. Constatamos que itens do empirismo, que demandam raciocínio lógico mais complexo, têm seu nível de dificuldade semelhante aos da zona do racionalismo tradicional. Esse resultado reforça a necessidade de uma discussão acerca dos instrumentos que são utilizados para acessar o conhecimento dos estudantes, principalmente em termos da sua validade para alcançar esse objetivo.
ACESSIBILIDADE E MUSEUS DE CIÊNCIAS: VISITAÇÃO DE JOVENS SURDOS A TRÊS MUSEUS DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Carmo Marcelle Pita de Sousa do , Massarani Luisa
Published: November 2022

RESUMO: O público surdo usuário de línguas de sinais, vivencia variados desafios ao visitar museus de ciências, o que impacta sua experiência. Neste estudo, foram convidados nove jovens surdos, usuários de língua de sinais e com familiaridade ao tema Acessibilidade, para visitar três espaços de ciências no Rio de Janeiro. O objetivo do estudo foi identificar opiniões e experiências de visitação de sujeitos surdos, em especial, sua percepção sobre a acessibilidade dos locais. As visitas foram registradas em vídeo pelo método da câmera subjetiva e analisadas quanto aos Indicadores de acessibilidade, tendo sido realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas para verificar as opiniões desses jovens sobre acessibilidade. Percebemos uma visão crítica dos participantes sobre as questões de acessibilidade, principalmente quanto às dimensões comunicacional e atitudinal. O estudo demonstra a necessidade da inclusão das pessoas surdas como visitantes e como participantes ativos no processo de concepção dos museus, visando tornar os museus de ciências mais inclusivos para públicos diversos.
Efeitos da pandemia em cuidadores de indivíduos com alterações neuropsicomotoras
Authors: Estevam Guilherme Augusto , Pereira Matheus Luz , Rocha Richard Gabriel Valério do Nascimento , Silva Larissa Araujo da , Tezza Maria Helena Santos , Fernani Deborah Cristina Gonçalves Luiz , Dantas Maria Tereza Artero Prado
Published: November 2022

Resumo Introdução O isolamento social durante a pandemia de COVID-19 pode influenciar a saúde do paciente e do cuidador informal. No intuito de compreender e orientar a melhora da qualidade de vida destes cuidadores, este estudo foi realizado. Objetivo Analisar os efeitos físicos, mentais e a qualidade de vida de cuidadores de pacientes com sequelas neurológicas e atraso do desenvolvimento durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos Trinta cuidadores informais divididos em dois grupos (G1: distúrbios psicomotores e síndromes; G2: sequelas neurológicas) foram avaliados com questionários sobre dados gerais, sobrecarga e qualidade de vida. Foram realizados os testes qui-quadrado com pós-teste de Bonferroni para comparar a taxa de resposta entre as variáveis dependentes e o nível de sobrecarga. Para a correlação entre os grupos e a qualidade de vida, utilizou-se o teste t de Student não pareado, sendo significativo os achados com p ≤ 0,05. Resultados Encontrou-se ausência de sobrecarga ou sobrecarga mínima em 33,3% e sobrecarga leve a moderada em 66,7% dos cuidadores em cada grupo, sem efeito significativo entre estes. Na qualidade de vida foi encontrado déficit em todos os domínios, com diferença significativa entre os grupos no domínio de aspectos sociais, tendo o G1 apresentado maiores déficits (G1: 70,00 ± 23,99%; G2: 86,66 ± 20,84%). Conclusão Conclui-se que houve impacto de leve a moderado na sobrecarga física, com alteração na qualidade de vida dos cuidadores avaliados durante a pandemia de COVID-19, sendo os cuidadores de crianças com distúrbios psicomotores e síndromes os mais acometidos no aspecto social.
Linear and nonlinear models to describe the lactation curve of Girolando cows
Authors: Rosa Mírian , Fernandes Tales Jesus , Lima Kelly Pereira de , Meirelles Sarah Laguna Conceição
Published: November 2022

Abstract The objective of this work was to compare the main linear and nonlinear models used to describe lactation curves and to evaluate the nonlinearity of the nonlinear models, in order to obtain the most adequate model to describe the lactation curves of the Girolando breed. Data from 165 lactations of 89 3/4 Holstein + 1/4 Gyr cows were used, and average yield was calculated every 20 days up to 310 days of lactation. Seventeen models of lactation curves available in the literature were compared. The selection of the best model was based on the curvature measures of Bates & Watts, the bias of Box, adjusted coefficient of determination, Akaike’s information criterion, and residual standard deviation. The linear model of Cobuci estimated a yield peak of 16.7 kg at 40 days of lactation, whereas the nonlinear model of Wood estimated a yield peak of 16.8 kg at 41 days of lactation and a persistence of 6.82. Nonlinearity measures were the most appropriate for selecting the most suitable nonlinear model for the description of lactation curves. To describe the lactation curves of the Girolando breed, the most suitable linear model is that of Cobuci and the nonlinear model is that of Wood.
AAN+: Generalized Average Attention Network for Accelerating Neural Transformer
Authors: Zhang Biao , Xiong Deyi , Ge Yubin , Yao Junfeng , Yue Hao , Su Jinsong
Published: November 2022

Transformer benefits from the high parallelization of attention networks in fast training, but it still suffers from slow decoding partially due to the linear dependency O(m) of the decoder self-attention on previous target words at inference. In this paper, we propose a generalized average attention network (AAN+) aiming at speeding up decoding by reducing the dependency from O(m) to O(1). We find that the learned self-attention weights in the decoder follow some patterns which can be approximated via a dynamic structure. Based on this insight, we develop AAN+, extending our previously proposed average attention (Zhang et al., 2018a, AAN) to support more general position- and content-based attention patterns. AAN+ only requires to maintain a small constant number of hidden states during decoding, ensuring its O(1) dependency. We apply AAN+ as a drop-in replacement of the decoder selfattention and conduct experiments on machine translation (with diverse language pairs), table-to-text generation and document summarization. With masking tricks and dynamic programming, AAN+ enables Transformer to decode sentences around 20% faster without largely compromising in the training speed and the generation performance. Our results further reveal the importance of the localness (neighboring words) in AAN+ and its capability in modeling long-range dependency.
Apoptosis-based topotecan-loaded superparamagnetic drug delivery system: an in vitro study
Authors: Yazdanmehr Niyousha , Tajabadi Maryam , Bigdeli Razieh , Orimi Hanif Goran , Asgary Vahid
Published: November 2022

Biological barriers could be overcome using nanobiotechnology, which promotes the development of nanomaterial-based delivery systems. The primary objective of the present investigation is superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION) production for the delivery of topotecan to human breast cancer cells (MCF-7). The X-ray diffraction results confirmed the formation of pure SPIONs. The Fourier transform infrared spectra indicated the functional groups related to aminopropyl trimethoxy silane as a coating agent and topotecan. Topotecan-loaded magnetite nanoparticles with an IC50of approximately 156 μg/ml exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity. The polymerase chain reaction method also proved that in the mentioned cell line, topotecan-loaded SPIONs could increase the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and p53 gene expression. An annexin V/propidium iodide detection assay was done to detect the induction of apoptosis. According to the results, the nanoparticles inhibit the survival of MCF-7 breast cancer cells by boosting apoptosis, which helps slow the growth of tumor cells.
Design reviewing: are experts better and does slowing down improve performance?
Authors: MacRobert Charles John
Published: November 2022

Design reviewing is an important aspect of engineering design. Designs certified by a professional engineer require some form of external check. This external check can range from a quick intuitive assessment of a proposed solution to a reassessment of the problem using alternative methods. This research explored intuitive review assessments for two typical geotechnical designs. The results suggest that those with requisite experience (even seemingly little experience) can make correct assessments even after spending as few as 4 min reviewing a carefully presented solution. Forcing participants to state reasons for a decision (and thereby slowing them down) only served to improve predictions by novices attempting an unfamiliar problem. While such quick intuitive reviews appeared adequate for assessing the problems presented here, some experts still made erroneous decisions even after stating reasons for a decision. Design reviews are an important step in design and should never be taken lightly.
Sustainable ferrocement mortar with different waste materials and curing methods
Authors: Abed Ziyad Majeed , Jaber Hussein Ali , Ibrahim Esra’a lutfi
Published: November 2022

In this study, the essential aim is to produce an environment-friendly ferrocement mortar using different waste internal curing materials and external curing methods. Wastes of broken bricks and porcelanite were used with different volumetric replacement percentages (5, 10 and 15%) of fine aggregate. Moreover, pozzolanic materials (silica fume and fly ash) were used. Besides to the water-cured reference mixture, four different curing methods (air, flan coat emulsified asphalt, wax sealing paint and carbon dioxide (CO2) gas) were used. The compressive and flexural strengths and densities of mortars of different ages (7, 14 and 28 days) were investigated. The outcomes demonstrate that the compressive strength of carbon dioxide cured ferrocement improved by 33.3 and 28% when 5 and 10% broken bricks were used and by 25.3 and 29% when 5 and 10% porcelanite were used, respectively, relative to that of the reference. The flexural strength was slightly improved when 10% porcelanite was used. The results demonstrate that the resulting ferrocement mortar improved despite using different waste materials in production.
Use of tactile sensors for horizontal stress measurements on a large calibration chamber
Authors: Domingos Gustavo S. , Pinto Claudio Pereira , Danziger Fernando A. B. , Pinheiro Arthur V. S. , Lunne Tom
Published: November 2022

Large flexible calibration chambers (CCs) to evaluate and develop interpretation methods for cone penetration tests (CPTs) in cohesionless soils have been used since the late 1960s. Nevertheless, only average boundary stress values are known in almost all tests already performed. Tactile pressure sensors (TPS) represent a useful tool to assess the stress distribution in an area under loading and have been applied in some geotechnical studies. This study presents the results of CPTs carried out on a large flexible CC in a very loose and a medium-dense fine quartz sand. TPS were placed on the walls of the CC, allowing the measurement of horizontal stresses and their spatial distribution in all test phases: sample formation, lateral and cavity cell filling, piston filling, sample stressing and CPT. In particular, TPS were able to measure the horizontal stresses before the cavity and lateral cell filling – that is, when no information is available about the horizontal stresses in regular tests. The measurements contribute to the discussion on the influence of the CC boundaries on the test results. The results encourage the use of TPS on a more routine basis in large flexible CC testing.
Preparation of self-healing epoxy resin coatings based on dynamic disulfide bonds
Authors: Wen Mieyi , Ou Baoli , Zhu Ping , Niu Bo , Guo Yan , Chen Lijuan
Published: November 2022

Defects and mechanical damage that lead to peeling, corrosion and other potential hazards during practical applications are inevitable in epoxy coatings due to the high cross-link density of the epoxy network. Herein, the authors synthesized a self-healing polythiourethane (SPTU) material containing dynamic disulfide bonds for the design and preparation of an SPTU–epoxy coating. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton (1H) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that 2-hydroxyethyl disulfide was successfully introduced into the polythiourethane system. Due to the fracture and reattachment of double sulfur bonds, the 3% SPTU–epoxy coating exhibited good self-healing properties in scratch treatment, the scratch being repaired completely after 2 h at 85°C. Meanwhile, 75.7% of the tensile performance of the completely fractured 3% SPTU–epoxy sample was retained after self-healing. The Tafel polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results showed that the 3% SPTU–epoxy coating had excellent corrosion resistance and still provided considerable corrosion resistance after 19 days of immersion corrosion tests. The self-healing coating exhibited good self-healing ability under heating conditions, which is attributed to the bond breaking and reconnection of dynamic bonds provided by the self-healing component. The self-healing properties and corrosion resistance of the prepared coating effectively improve the service life of the epoxy coating and provide some guidance for corrosion protection of epoxy coatings.
Investigation of In vitro Propagation Possibilities of Endemic Campanula phitosiana Yıldırım & Şentürk
Authors: PIRHAN Ademi Fahri , SEVİNDİK Ebru , SEVİNDİK Başar
Published: November 2022

Campanula phitosiana Yıldırım & Şentürk, is a local endemic to the Aydın Mountain range, which distribute across in Western Anatolia (both İzmir and Aydın). This species belongs to the Mediterranean basin floristic region. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s criteria, C. phitosiana is classified as “Critically Endangered” (CR). The aim of the study is to develop in vitro regeneration protocol for critically endangered endemic Campanula phitosiana. To investigate the efficient medium and plant growth regulator combinations for callus initiation and shoot proliferation, petiole and leaves were used as explant and explants cultivated on MS medium including NAA (1-Naphthylacetic acid) (0.3 mg L-1), TDZ (Thidiazuron) (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mg L-1), BA (6-Benzylaminopurine) (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mg L-1) and Gibberellic Acid (GA3) (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mg L-1). Explants subcultured 3 times. Experiments were conducted according to completely randomized design repeated with 5 replicates and each replicates including 5 explants. As a result of the experiment, callus initiation and shoot proliferation were investigated. Efficient callus initiation was observed petiole explants as 100% rate. Shoot proliferation was observed on MS medium including 0.3 mg L-1 NAA + 2.0 mg L-1 GA3.
Book reviews: Greg Thomas, Border Blurs: Concrete Poetry in England and Scotland (2022); Zoë Skoulding, Poetry & Listening: The Noise of Lyric (2020)
Authors: Tarbuck Alice , Sankar Nandini Ramesh
Published: November 2022

Alice Tarbuck reviews Greg Thomas, Border Blurs: Concrete Poetry in England and Scotland (2022); Nandini Ramesh Sankar reviews Zoë Skoulding, Poetry & Listening: The Noise of Lyric (2020). 
Proto-Lexicon Size and Phonotactic Knowledge are Linked in Non-Māori Speaking New Zealand Adults
Authors: Panther Forrest Andrew , Mattingley Wakayo , Todd Simon , Hay Jennifer , King Jeanette
Published: November 2022

Most people in New Zealand are exposed to the Māori language on a regular basis, but do not speak it. It has recently been claimed that this exposure leads them to create a large proto-lexicon, consisting of implicit memories of words and word parts, without semantic knowledge. This yields sophisticated phonotactic knowledge (Oh et al., 2020). This claim was supported by two tasks in which Non-Māori-Speaking New Zealanders: (i) Distinguished real words from phonotactically matched non-words, suggesting lexical knowledge; (ii) Gave wellformedness ratings of non-words almost indistinguishable from those of fluent Māori speakers, demonstrating phonotactic knowledge.Oh et al. (2020) ran these tasks on separate participants. While they hypothesised that phonotactic and lexical knowledge derived from the proto-lexicon, they did not establish a direct link between them. We replicate the two tasks, with improved stimuli, on the same set of participants. We find a statistically significant link between the tasks: Participants with a larger proto-lexicon (evidenced by performance in the Word Identification Task) show greater sensitivity to phonotactics in the Wellformedness Rating Task. This extends the previously reported results, increasing the evidence that exposure to a language you do not speak can lead to large-scale implicit knowledge about that language.
Abundancia y nuevos registros de búhos simpátricos en Manizales y Villa María (Caldas, Colombia)
Authors: Restrepo Cardona Juan Sebastián , Betancur López Alejandro , Cano Castaño Nelson
Published: November 2022

Los estudios sobre abundancias de especies en comunidades de búhos neotropicales en ambientes urbanos y periurbanos son pocos. Entre mayo y septiembre de 2013 se estimó la abundancia relativa de búhos simpátricos, realizando conteos de llamados espontáneos a través de recorridos en trayectos, y se calculó el porcentaje de registros de cada especie en distintos tipos de vegetación, en cuatro localidades de Manizales (Caldas, Colombia). Además, se documentaron nuevos registros de ocho especies de búhos en 17 localidades en Manizales y Villamaría. En los recorridos se detectaron cuatro especies de búhos: Ciccaba virgata, Megascops choliba, Asio stygius y Tyto alba. Las especies registradas de mayor a menor abundancia relativa fueron: en La Esmeralda, A. stygius (0,37 No. ind./km recorrido), A. stygius, C. virgata y T. alba (0,02); en El Recinto del Pensamiento, C. virgata (0,37), A. stygius, A. stygius y T. alba (0,05), en El Bosque Popular El Prado, A. stygius (0,84), C. virgata y T. alba (0,03), y en El Ecoparque Alcázares, C. virgata (0,74) y A. stygius (0,10). C. virgata fue registrada en todos los tipos de vegetación, aunque el mayor número de registros de esta especie se obtuvo en los bosques asociados a áreas abiertas para la recreación. A. stygius fue registrada en cuatro tipos de vegetación, con un mayor número de registros en las áreas abiertas con árboles maduros. La baja sensibilidad a las perturbaciones por parte de C. virgata y A. stygius, y su adaptabilidad para ocupar un amplio número de ambientes podría favorecerlas para alcanzar los mayores niveles de abundancia entre los búhos de Manizales. A. stygius y T. alba se registraron con mayor frecuencia en las plantaciones de pino.
Susceptibilidad de Diatraea saccharalis (F) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) a diferentes hongos entomopatógenos en caña panelera
Authors: Cardona Luisa Fernanda , Soto Giraldo Alberto
Published: November 2022

Se evaluó la capacidad entomopatógena de los hongos Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae y Paecilomyces lilacinus sobre larvas de Diatraea saccharalis en caña panelera. Se evaluaron los hongos de manera individual y la mezcla de B. bassiana con M. anisopliae y P. lilacinus, comparada con el producto químico Spinetoram (Exalt)®. El hongo B. bassiana controló eficientemente la plaga, convirtiéndose en una opción viable para la regulación de las poblaciones de este insecto plaga.