bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intesztinális histaminosis: a hisztaminintoleranciaként is ismert klinikai tünetegyüttes kóroktani és terápiás összefoglalása
Authors: Révész Anett , Bán Orsolya , Várdi Katalin , Peták István , Schwab Richárd
Published: November 2022

A gyakran hisztaminintoleranciaként (HIT) is említett, komplex etiológiájú tünetegyüttes egy nem pontosan definiált klinikai entitás, amelyet mind a mai napig nem fogadtak be a hivatalos orvosi nómenklatúrába. A tünetek megjelenését hisztamin mediálja, amelynek eredete vitatott: felmerül a fokozott felszabadulás, a csökkent elimináció és az exogén hisztaminforrások szerepe is. A tápcsatorna szerepét az etiopatogenezisben alátámasztja, hogy bizonyos ételek és tápanyagok jellegzetesen kiváltják a tüneteket. Az egyszerű táplálékallergiától ugyanakkor elkülöníti ezt a tünetegyüttest, hogy ugyanazon allergének szokatlanul eltérő súlyosságú formáját idézik elő más és más időpontokban.Az elmúlt 20 évben elérhetővé vált egy ELISA-szérumbiomarker: a diamino-oxidáz- (DAO-) meghatározás, amely reprodukálható módon korrelációt mutat a tünetek súlyosságával, illetve megfogalmazódtak diétás ajánlások, amelyek a hisztaminfelszabadításért felelős tényezők, illetve exogén hisztaminforrások eliminációja révén enyhíteni hivatottak a betegek tüneteit. Nem állnak ugyanakkor rendelkezésre randomizált kontrollált klinikai vizsgálatok ezek hatékonyságának megítélésére, és a klinikus szubjektív tapasztalata, hogy bár sok esetben javítanak a páciens tünetein, nem szüntetik meg őket, és az életminőséget negatívan befolyásolják.A mikrobiommal és az intesztinális barrierrel kapcsolatos kutatások ugyanakkor szemléletváltást hoztak ezen a területen is. Mai ismereteink szerint a szérum DAO-szintjének csökkenése a leukocytákban tárolt „DAO-pool” konszumpciós hiányának az indikátora, amely többnyire a barriersérülés miatti krónikus hisztaminfelszabadulással összefüggésben alakul ki. Épp ezért a kórkép elnevezésére az intesztinális histaminosis megfelelőbbnek látszik. A kórkép kezelésének előterébe ugyanakkor a hisztaminfelszabadulás oka, a mikrobiom- és a bélbarrier-sérülés okainak felderítése és ezek célzott táplálásterápiás megoldása kell hogy kerüljön.
Editor’s Pick: Addressing Hypertension in the Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Pathogenesis, Goals, and Therapeutic Approach
Authors: Rizvi Ali A.
Published: November 2022

Hypertension is considered a powerful cardiovascular risk factor and is present in up to two-thirds of patients who suffer from diabetes. In the background of an established epidemiological association between lower blood pressure (BP) and improvement in long-term clinical outcomes, several large landmark trials and analyses have attempted to examine the possible benefit of tighter BP control in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although aggressive BP targets in patients with diabetes have been advocated for a long time, currently accepted evidence from these studies has led to a general recommendation of systolic BP <140 mmHg and diastolic BP <90 mmHg. Therapy consists of lifestyle management, including weight loss if overweight or obese, a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-style based nutrition counselling, and reduced sodium intake. Timely initiation and subsequent titration of antihypertensive medications to achieve individualised BP goals is recommended. A therapeutic agent that acts on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway, such as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor blocker, should generally be included in the pharmacologic therapy for hypertension in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. A multi-drug combination, particularly including a thiazide diuretic, is very often necessary and should be started early in the course of management. Finally, an accurate and standardised method of BP measurement in the outpatient setting is essential to ensure proper monitoring and gauge the effectiveness of treatment.
Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy in Diabetic Macular Oedema: Is It Safe?
Authors: Hao Yee Kuan , Sanjay Srinivasan
Published: November 2022

Over the last decade, intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents have been increasingly used in the management of various retinal diseases, especially diabetic macular oedema. Diabetic macular oedema is one of the leading causes of legal blindness among patients with diabetic retinopathy, meaning these patients are eligible for associated medical benefits. It is essential that diabetic macular oedema is managed with an effective and safe treatment for good long-term prognosis. Over the past decade, focal/grid laser photocoagulation has been the gold standard treatment. However, evidence supporting the superior clinical benefits and relative safety of anti-VEGF agents has driven a recent shift in treatment paradigm, favouring anti-VEGF over laser treatment. Previous studies involving systemic anti-VEGF treatment in cancers have identified an associated increased risk of arteriothrombotic events, such as myocardial infarction and stroke, which are potentially fatal. Hence, it is important to evaluate whether such risks, which will significantly alter the safety profile, persist with intravitreal administration. A comprehensive literature review was performed and concluded that no significant increase in risk of ocular or non-ocular adverse events, particularly arteriothrombotic events, were associated with anti-VEGF agents, predicting an overall favourable safety profile. A summary of some of the possible adverse events recorded in the various studies, albeit at relatively low rates, are also included. Additionally, it is briefly discussed how real-world concerns of cost and affordability can influence treatment choice, thereby affecting how clinical evidence is transferred into practice.
Burning Questions in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Learnings from Emerging Drug Options and Clinical Cases
Authors: Breuer Megan
Published: November 2022

The symposium, entitled “Burning questions in IBD: Learnings from emerging drug options and clinical cases,” took place during the 2019 United European Gastroenterology (UEG) Week annual congress in Barcelona, Spain. Distinguished experts Prof Peyrin-Biroulet, Prof Vermeire, and Prof Panés tackled several of the outstanding questions in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management, focussing the discussion on treat-to-target strategies and how these could be applied in IBD management; when to initiate biologic treatments, and the factors involved in making these treatment decisions; the use of ustekinumab in ulcerative colitis (UC) management; efficacy and safety of biologics; and whether monotherapy or combined treatment is the optimal treatment approach in IBD. The experts used informative patient cases and data from current clinical studies to help illustrate the possible solutions to each ‘burning question’, incorporating questions from the audience into each discussion.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PEMASARAN PRODUK LOKAL I-LED MELALUI SOSIAL MEDIA FACEBOOK DI DESA KLAYAN KECAMATAN GUNUNG JATI CIREBON
Authors: Septiani Dea Nita , Siswoyo Mukarto , Wihayati Welly
Published: November 2022

Tujuan pada penelitian yang berjudul “Strategi Komunikasi Pemasaran Produk Lokal I-LED Melalui Sosial Media Facebook” dengan jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif serta menghasilkan data yang bersifat deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik Observasi, wawancara mendalam, studi kepustakaan, dan dokumentasi. Teknik pemeriksaan keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi dan ketekunan pengamatan. Teknik analisis data terdiri dari reduksi data, penyajian data, dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian, menghasilkan data sebagai berikut: 1) Strategi komunikasi pemasaran pada I-LED berjalan dengan optimal, aktif pada berbagai bauran pemasaran. Ada dua dimensi yang harus ditingkatkan lagi, yaitu periklanan khususnya lewat internet dan Promosi Penjualan terutama dalam mengelola media sosial dan online shop agar komunikasi pemasaran dapat berjalan dengan optimal, 2) Faktor pendukung serta Faktor penghambat, seperti seperti kualitas produk yang ditawarkan, pemilihan media sosial, skill pelayanan pendukung dapat menarik konsumen, sedangkan faktor penghambat, yakni kurangnya tenaga kerja, kurang aktif dalam kegiatan Periklanan, dan belum mengikuti kegiatan pameran penjualan produk, dan 3) Upaya yang dilakukan seperti penambahan tenaga kerja baru dengan mengajak orang-orang sekitar untuk bekerja sama, hal tersebut diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efektivitas dalam kegiatan produksi serta meningkatkan penjualan produk, mulai aktif dalam kegiatan Periklanan dalam berbagai hal baik dalam word of mouth maupun di internet agar produknya dapat dikenal oleh khalayak luas. Selain itu I-LED juga mulai bekerja sama dengan beberapa komunitas aquarium air laut dan tawar di Cirebon untuk mengadakan suatu pameran agar masyarakat dapat mengenal lebih dalam mengenai kegiatan hobi aquarium air laut dan tawar.Kata Kunci: Strategi, Komunikasi Pemasaran, Produk Lokal, Media Sosial,  Facebook
EDUKASI DAN PEMBUATAN TAMAN OBAT KELUARGA UNTUK PENCEGAHAN DAN PEMELIHARAAN KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Suryani Suryani , Kasmawati Henny , Fitrawan La Ode Muh. , Hikmah Nurull , Sida Nurramadhani A , Ruslin Ruslin , Aswani Aswani
Published: November 2022

Indonesian people have used herbal ingredients for health. However, there are differences in natural resources and knowledge of plant processing techniques in medicine which differ from region to region. This community service aims to increase public knowledge about the types of plants that can be cultivated in  Family Medicine Garden and their health benefits. Educational activities and the establishment of a Family Medicine Garden (TOGA) were held at the UHO Faculty of Pharmacy drug park. The method of educational activities is in the form of lectures and question-and-answer interactions, followed by manufacturing and planting medicinal plants at  Family Medicine Garden. Education is carried out by introducing the efficacy of 21 plants, the parts used and the benefits of  Family Medicine Garden. The activity went well, and the community was enthusiastic about getting new knowledge about types of plants and how to make  Family Medicine Garden.
Effects of extrinsic factors on some rumination patterns: A review
Authors: Abeni Fabio
Published: November 2022

The rumen and its activity, rumination, are the characterizing traits of the suborder Ruminantia, and it is accompanied by related feeding habits and consequent animal behavior. Several extrinsic (not related to the animal itself) factors affect rumination behavior; most are reflected in rumination timing (considering overall daily duration as well as circadian differences in rumination patterns): age, environmental factors, and diet. For these reasons, great efforts have been sustained at the research level for monitoring rumination patterns. Currently, some research outcomes are applied at the farm level; others are still at the experimental level. All of these efforts are finalized mainly for the use of rumination pattern recording as an effective prediction tool for the early detection of health and welfare problems, both in a single head and at the herd level. Moreover, knowledge of the effects of extrinsic factors on rumination physiology represents a great challenge for improving the efficiency of ruminant livestock management, from the diet to the housing system, from parasites to heat stress. The present review deals mainly with the worldwide raised ruminant species.
Wound healing mechanism of antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin-DM
Authors: Wang Guixi , Chen Zhizhi , Tian Pan , Han Qinqin , Zhang Jinyang , Zhang A-Mei , Song Yuzhu
Published: November 2022

Background and Purpose: Chronic wound infections and the development of antibiotic resistance are serious clinical problems that affect millions of people worldwide. Cathelicidin-DM, an antimicrobial peptide from Duttaphrynus melanostictus, has powerful antimicrobial activity and wound healing efficacy. So, it could be a potential candidate to address this problem. In this paper, we investigate the wound healing mechanism of cathelicidin-DM to establish a basis for preclinical studies of the drug.

Experimental Approach: The effects of cathelicidin-DM on cell proliferation and migration, cytokines, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways were examined. Then mice whole skin wound model was constructed to evaluate the wound healing activity of cathelicidin-DM, and further histological changes in the wounds were assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining (H&E) and immunohistochemical assays.

Key Results: Cathelicidin-DM promotes the proliferation of HaCaT, HSF, and HUVEC cells in a concentration-dependent manner and the migration of HSF, HUVEC, and RAW.264.7 cells. Moreover,cathelicidin-DM can involve in wound healing through activation of the MAPK signaling pathway by upregulating phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and P38. However, cathelicidin-DM didn’t affect the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α. At the animal level, cathelicidin-DM accelerated skin wound healing and early debridement in mice as well as promoted re-epithelialization and granulation tissue formation, α-SMA expression, and collagen I deposition in mice.

Conclusion and Implications: Our data suggest that cathelicidin-DM can be engaged in the healing of infected and non-infected wounds through multiple pathways, providing a new strategy for the treatment of infected chronic wounds.
Dual-mode electrochemiluminescence and electrochemical sensor for alpha-fetoprotein detection in human serum based on vertically ordered mesoporous silica films
Authors: Chen Haiyun , Huang Jie , Zhang Rongjing , Yan Fei
Published: November 2022

In this study, we demonstrated the highly sensitive detection of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) by electrochemiluminescence (ECL) and electrochemistry (EC) based on the gated transport of the bifunctional probe (tris(1,10-phenanthroline) ruthenium (II) chloride, Ru (phen)3Cl2) into the nanochannels of vertically ordered mesoporous silica films (VMSFs). Due to the negatively charged surface and ultrasmall pore size, VMSF displays a signal amplification effect on Ru (phen)3Cl2 and is suitable for the construction of sensors with excellent sensitivity. With the linkage of (3-glycidyloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane, the anti-AFP antibody could covalently bind to the external surface of VMSF, generating a highly specific recognized sensing interface toward AFP. When AFP is presented, the formed immunocomplex hinders the diffusion of Ru (phen)3Cl2 to the underlying electrode surface, resulting in a decreased ECL or EC response. The dual-mode detection of AFP is achieved with a relatively low limit of detection (0.56 fg/ml for ECL and 4.5 pg/ml for EC) and a wide linear range (10 fg/ml∼1 μg/ml for ECL and 10 pg/ml∼1 μg/ml for EC). Moreover, owing to the inherent anti-fouling property of VMSF, satisfactory results in the analysis of human serum were obtained, showing the great potential of the designed strategy in clinical diagnosis.
PERM1 regulates energy metabolism in the heart via ERRα/PGC−1α axis
Authors: Oka Shin-ichi , Sreedevi Karthi , Shankar Thirupura S. , Yedla Shreya , Arowa Sumaita , James Amina , Stone Kathryn G. , Olmos Katia , Sabry Amira D. , Horiuchi Amanda , Cawley Keiko M. , O’very Sean A. , Tong Mingming , Byun Jaemin , Xu Xiaoyong , Kashyap Sanchita , Mourad Youssef , Vehra Omair , Calder Dallen , Lunde Ty , Liu Tong , Li Hong , Mashchek J. Alan , Cox James , Saijoh Yukio , Drakos Stavros G. , Warren Junco S.
Published: November 2022

Aims

PERM1 is a striated muscle-specific regulator of mitochondrial bioenergetics. We previously demonstrated that PERM1 is downregulated in the failing heart and that PERM1 positively regulates metabolic genes known as targets of the transcription factor ERRα and its coactivator PGC-1α in cultured cardiomyocytes. The aims of this study were to determine the effect of loss of PERM1 on cardiac function and energetics using newly generated Perm1-knockout (Perm1–/–) mice and to investigate the molecular mechanisms of its transcriptional control.

Methods and results

Echocardiography showed that ejection fraction and fractional shortening were lower in Perm1–/– mice than in wild-type mice (both p < 0.05), and the phosphocreatine-to-ATP ratio was decreased in Perm1–/– hearts (p < 0.05), indicating reduced contractile function and energy reserves of the heart. Integrated proteomic and metabolomic analyses revealed downregulation of oxidative phosphorylation and upregulation of glycolysis and polyol pathways in Perm1–/– hearts. To examine whether PERM1 regulates energy metabolism through ERRα, we performed co-immunoprecipitation assays, which showed that PERM1 bound to ERRα in cardiomyocytes and the mouse heart. DNA binding and reporter gene assays showed that PERM1 was localized to and activated the ERR target promoters partially through ERRα. Mass spectrometry-based screening in cardiomyocytes identified BAG6 and KANK2 as potential PERM1’s binding partners in transcriptional regulation. Mammalian one-hybrid assay, in which PERM1 was fused to Gal4 DNA binding domain, showed that the recruitment of PERM1 to a gene promoter was sufficient to activate transcription, which was blunted by silencing of either PGC-1α, BAG6, or KANK2.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that PERM1 is an essential regulator of cardiac energetics and function and that PERM1 is a novel transcriptional coactivator in the ERRα/PGC-1α axis that functionally interacts with BAG6 and KANK2.
Helium isotopes in Plinian and inter-Plinian volcanic products of Vesuvius, Italy
Authors: Gherardi Fabrizio , Barsanti Mattia , Principe Claudia , Magro Gabriella
Published: November 2022

We investigated helium isotopes on gas extracted by crushing from melt and fluid inclusions in minerals from Plinian and inter-Plinian tephra and lavas of Vesuvius, Italy. Erupted products of different ages were considered, from Avellino eruption (1995 BCE) to the last eruption of 1944, with special focus on the 79 AD Plinian eruption. He/He 4 3 ratios between 1.5 and 2.7 RA were measured, with the highest values associated with rocks representative of the roof and the walls of the magma chambers (cumulates). Lowest values occurred in sanidines representative of magma-skarn interfaces. Noteworthy, the highest measured values of the 79 AD pumices were comparable with both lavas and tephra emitted from flank vents and under open-conduit conditions during the Medieval Period and Present Period of Vesuvius activity, and present-day fumarolic discharges. He 3/He 4 values are buffered within an extended, deep-seated reservoir at about 10 km filled with magma rising from the mantle. A fact that might potentially limit the accuracy of future eruption forecasting through monitoring of He/He 4 3 changes in Vesuvius fumaroles. Ageing and interaction with crustal rocks emerged as possible mechanisms that lowered the He/He 4 3 ratio of the melt during its intra-crustal magma chambers stay, with highest values associated with more dynamic conditions.
Dynamic modeling and analysis of flexible micro-porous piezoelectric sensors applicable in soft robotics
Authors: Ghadami Ali , Mirdamadi Hamid Reza , Khanbareh Hamideh
Published: November 2022

With recent advances in system integration technologies, numerous efforts have been made to develop soft piezoelectric sensors for various engineering and healthcare applications. Using flexible and sensitive materials is crucial for designing soft sensors in order to maximize their efficiency and integrability. Micro-porous PU-PZT composite is a recently designed piezoelectric particulate composite material with an improved flexibility and piezoelectric voltage coefficient over common piezoelectric ceramics that makes it a promising candidate for application in soft sensors. In this study, we investigate the dynamic response and sensitivity of the micro-porous PU-PZT composite for applications in soft sensors in both 33 and 31 modes using energy methods. By using the effective field method, the micro-porous PU-PZT composite material properties were extracted and optimized based on the partially experimentally measured properties in order to get a complete picture of the properties of the material. In addition, the effects of changing the sensor geometry by varying the thickness and adding an extra layer between the piezoelectric layers are studied. Finally, a large area sensor based on micro-porous PU-PZT composite is simulated in finite element software, and the effect of several parameters on sensor’s performance is investigated. Dynamic analysis of the sensor shows high sensitivity in both 31 and 33 modes which is a significant improvement compared to the commonly used bulk piezoelectric ceramics. This work has demonstrated that due to the high output voltage and structural flexibility of the micro-porous PU-PZT composite, a flexible large-area sensor would be a suitable choice for artificial skins and smart gloves.
Purinergic signaling in the male reproductive tract
Authors: Belardin Larissa Berloffa , Brochu Kéliane , Légaré Christine , Battistone Maria Agustina , Breton Sylvie
Published: November 2022

Purinergic receptors are ubiquitously expressed throughout the body and they participate in the autocrine and paracrine regulation of cell function during normal physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Extracellular nucleotides activate several types of plasma membrane purinergic receptors that form three distinct families: P1 receptors are activated by adenosine, P2X receptors are activated by ATP, and P2Y receptors are activated by nucleotides including ATP, ADP, UTP, UDP, and UDP-glucose. These specific pharmacological fingerprints and the distinct intracellular signaling pathways they trigger govern a large variety of cellular responses in an organ-specific manner. As such, purinergic signaling regulates several physiological cell functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation and death, smooth muscle contraction, vasodilatation, and transepithelial transport of water, solute, and protons, as well as pathological pathways such as inflammation. While purinergic signaling was first discovered more than 90 years ago, we are just starting to understand how deleterious signals mediated through purinergic receptors may be involved in male infertility. A large fraction of male infertility remains unexplained illustrating our poor understanding of male reproductive health. Purinergic signaling plays a variety of physiological and pathophysiological roles in the male reproductive system, but our knowledge in this context remains limited. This review focuses on the distribution of purinergic receptors in the testis, epididymis, and vas deferens, and their role in the establishment and maintenance of male fertility.
The importance of estradiol for body weight regulation in women
Authors: Vigil Pilar , Meléndez Jaime , Petkovic Grace , Del Río Juan Pablo
Published: November 2022

Obesity in women of reproductive age has a number of adverse metabolic effects, including Type II Diabetes (T2D), dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease. It is associated with increased menstrual irregularity, ovulatory dysfunction, development of insulin resistance and infertility. In women, estradiol is not only critical for reproductive function, but they also control food intake and energy expenditure. Food intake is known to change during the menstrual cycle in humans. This change in food intake is largely mediated by estradiol, which acts directly upon anorexigenic and orexigenic neurons, largely in the hypothalamus. Estradiol also acts indirectly with peripheral mediators such as glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Like estradiol, GLP-1 acts on receptors at the hypothalamus. This review describes the physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms governing the actions of estradiol during the menstrual cycle on food intake and energy expenditure and how estradiol acts with other weight-controlling molecules such as GLP-1. GLP-1 analogs have proven to be effective both to manage obesity and T2D in women. This review also highlights the relationship between steroid hormones and women's mental health. It explains how a decline or imbalance in estradiol levels affects insulin sensitivity in the brain. This can cause cerebral insulin resistance, which contributes to the development of conditions such as Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s disease. The proper use of both estradiol and GLP-1 analogs can help to manage obesity and preserve an optimal mental health in women by reducing the mechanisms that trigger neurodegenerative disorders.
Effects of semaglutide on vascular structure and proteomics in high-fat diet-induced obese mice
Authors: Yue Lin , Chen Shuchun , Ren Qingjuan , Niu Shu , Pan Xiaoyu , Chen Xing , Li Zelin , Chen Xiaoyi
Published: November 2022

Background

Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. To determine whether semaglutide could improve aortic injury in obese C57BL/6J mice, and further explore its molecular mechanism of action using proteomics.

Methods

24 C57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into normal diet group (NCD group), high-fat diet group (HFD group) and high-fat diet + semaglutide group (Sema group, semaglutide (30 nmol/kg/d) for 12 weeks). The serum samples were collected from mice to detect blood glucose, insulin and blood lipid concentrations. Aortic stiffness was detected by Doppler pulse wave velocity (PWV). Changes in vascular structure were detected by HE, masson, EVG staining and electron microscopy. The aorta-related protein expression profiles were detected by proteomic techniques, and proteins with potential molecular mechanisms were identified.

Results

Semaglutide could reduce body weight, the concentrations of blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and reduce the aortic PWV and ameliorate vascular damage in obese mice. The results of proteomic analysis showed there were 537 up-regulated differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and 322 down-regulated DEPs in NCD/HFD group, 251 up-regulated DEPs and 237 down-regulated proteins in HFD/Sema group. There were a total of 25 meaningful overlapping DEPs in the NCD/HFD and HFD/Sema groups. GO enrichment analysis of overlapping DEPs found that these differential proteins were mainly located in the signaling pathways of the extracellular matrix. The most obvious changes of extracellular matrix associated proteins in the three experimental groups were Coll5a1, Lama4, Sparc.

Conclusion

Semaglutide may protect vascular structure and improve endothelial permeability by reducing the levels of Coll5a1, Lama4, Sparc in extracellular matrix, so as to improve vascular function and achieve vascular protection.
A neutrophil extracellular traps-associated lncRNA signature predicts the clinical outcomes in patients with lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ding Wencong , Li Biyi , Zhang Yuan , He Liu , Su Junwei
Published: November 2022

Backgrounds: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play an important role in the occurrence, metastasis, and immune escape of cancers. We aim to investigate Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that are correlated to NETs to find some potentially useful biomarkers for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and to explore their correlations with immunotherapy and chemotherapy, as well as the tumor microenvironment.

Methods: Based on the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we identified the prognosis-related lncRNAs which are associated with NETs using cox regression. The patients were then separated into two clusters based on the expression of NETs-associated lncRNAs to perform tumor microenvironment analysis and immune-checkpoint analysis. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was then performed to establish a prognostic signature. Furthermore, nomogram analysis, tumor mutation burden analysis, immune infiltration analysis, as well as drug sensitivity analysis were performed to test the signature.

Results: Using univariate cox regression, we found 10 NETs-associated lncRNAs that are associated with the outcomes of LUAD patients. Also, further analysis which separated the patients into 2 clusters showed that the 10 lncRNAs had significant correlations with the tumor microenvironment. Using LASSO regression, we finally constructed a signature to predict the outcomes of the patients based on 4 NETs-associated lncRNAs. The 4 NETs-associated lncRNAs were namely SIRLNT, AL365181.3, FAM83A-AS1, and AJ003147.2. Using Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis, we found that the risk model was strongly associated with the survival outcomes of the patients both in the training group and in the validation group 1 and 2 (p < 0.001, p = 0.026, and p < 0.01). Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, we tested the sensitivity combined with the specificity of the model and found that the risk model had a satisfactory level of 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year concordance index (C-index) (C = 0.661 in the training group, C = 0.679 in validation group 1, C = 0.692 in validation group 2). We also explored the immune microenvironment and immune checkpoint correlation of the risk model and found some significant results.

Conclusion: We constructed a NETs-associated lncRNA signature to predict the outcome of patients with LUAD, which is associated with immunephenoscores and immune checkpoint-gene expression.
Dissecting the multifaceted contribution of the mitochondrial genome to autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Caporali Leonardo , Fiorini Claudio , Palombo Flavia , Romagnoli Martina , Baccari Flavia , Zenesini Corrado , Visconti Paola , Posar Annio , Scaduto Maria Cristina , Ormanbekova Danara , Battaglia Agatino , Tancredi Raffaella , Cameli Cinzia , Viggiano Marta , Olivieri Anna , Torroni Antonio , Maestrini Elena , Rochat Magali Jane , Bacchelli Elena , Carelli Valerio , Maresca Alessandra
Published: November 2022

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a clinically heterogeneous class of neurodevelopmental conditions with a strong, albeit complex, genetic basis. The genetic architecture of ASD includes different genetic models, from monogenic transmission at one end, to polygenic risk given by thousands of common variants with small effects at the other end. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was also proposed as a genetic modifier for ASD, mostly focusing on maternal mtDNA, since the paternal mitogenome is not transmitted to offspring. We extensively studied the potential contribution of mtDNA in ASD pathogenesis and risk through deep next generation sequencing and quantitative PCR in a cohort of 98 families. While the maternally-inherited mtDNA did not seem to predispose to ASD, neither for haplogroups nor for the presence of pathogenic mutations, an unexpected influence of paternal mtDNA, apparently centered on haplogroup U, came from the Italian families extrapolated from the test cohort (n = 74) when compared to the control population. However, this result was not replicated in an independent Italian cohort of 127 families and it is likely due to the elevated paternal age at time of conception. In addition, ASD probands showed a reduced mtDNA content when compared to their unaffected siblings. Multivariable regression analyses indicated that variants with 15%–5% heteroplasmy in probands are associated to a greater severity of ASD based on ADOS-2 criteria, whereas paternal super-haplogroups H and JT were associated with milder phenotypes. In conclusion, our results suggest that the mtDNA impacts on ASD, significantly modifying the phenotypic expression in the Italian population. The unexpected finding of protection induced by paternal mitogenome in term of severity may derive from a role of mtDNA in influencing the accumulation of nuclear de novo mutations or epigenetic alterations in fathers’ germinal cells, affecting the neurodevelopment in the offspring. This result remains preliminary and needs further confirmation in independent cohorts of larger size. If confirmed, it potentially opens a different perspective on how paternal non-inherited mtDNA may predispose or modulate other complex diseases.
Genome-wide association study, haplotype analysis, and genomic prediction reveal the genetic basis of yield-related traits in soybean (Glycine max L.)
Authors: Bhat Javaid Akhter , Adeboye Kehinde Adewole , Ganie Showkat Ahmad , Barmukh Rutwik , Hu Dezhou , Varshney Rajeev K. , Yu Deyue
Published: November 2022

Identifying the genetic components underlying yield-related traits in soybean is crucial for improving its production and productivity. Here, 211 soybean genotypes were evaluated across six environments for four yield-related traits, including seed yield per plant (SYP), number of pods per plant number of seeds per plant and 100-seed weight (HSW). Genome-wide association study (GWAS) and genomic prediction (GP) analyses were performed using 12,617 single nucleotide polymorphism markers from NJAU 355K SoySNP Array. A total of 57 SNPs were significantly associated with four traits across six environments and a combined environment using five Genome-wide association study models. Out of these, six significant SNPs were consistently identified in more than three environments using multiple GWAS models. The genomic regions (±670 kb) flanking these six consistent SNPs were considered stable QTL regions. Gene annotation and in silico expression analysis revealed 15 putative genes underlying the stable QTLs that might regulate soybean yield. Haplotype analysis using six significant SNPs revealed various allelic combinations regulating diverse phenotypes for the studied traits. Furthermore, the GP analysis revealed that accurate breeding values for the studied soybean traits is attainable at an earlier generation. Our study paved the way for increasing soybean yield performance within a short breeding cycle.
Unmet need for contraception among married adolescent girls and young women in Haramaya Health and demographic surveillance system, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Hailu Saba , Assefa Nega , Dingeta Tariku , Abdurahman Chaltu , Adem Mewardi
Published: November 2022

Background

The prevalence of unmet need for contraception is the highest in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Contraceptive use among young married or unmarried women is lower than that among older women in developing countries. Previous studies generalized the findings to all women of reproductive age and have not investigated psychosocial factors that influence contraceptive use. This study aimed to identify factors associated with unmet need for contraception among young married women in the Haramaya Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS), eastern Ethiopia.

Methodology

A cross-sectional, community-based study of young married women aged 15–24 years was conducted. A simple random sampling method was used to select 550 young married women. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Using adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), factors associated with unmet need for contraception were identified using multivariable logistic regression analysis.

Results

The overall prevalence of unmet need for contraception was 154 (30.3%). Adolescents (15–19) (AOR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.16–3.62), husbands' negative attitude toward contraception (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.05–4.46), and no previous use of contraception (AOR = 3.9, 95% CI: 2.29–6.71) were significantly and positively associated with unmet need for contraception. On the contrary, young women with secondary education or higher (AOR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.28–1.084) were negatively and significantly associated with unmet need for contraception.

Conclusion

The prevalence of unmet need for contraception among young women in Haramaya was high. Unmet need was affected by age, husbands' attitude toward contraceptives, the educational status of women, and previous use of contraception. This study underscored the need to improve girls' educational status to empower them in making contraceptive use decisions with their partners. Programs should also engage male partners who are perceived as key decision-makers when it comes to contraceptive use.
CD160 receptor in CLL: Current state and future avenues
Authors: Oumeslakht Loubna , Aziz Abdel-ilah , Bensussan Armand , Ben Mkaddem Sanae
Published: November 2022

CD160 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored cell surface glycoprotein expressed on cytotoxic natural killer (NK) cells and T-cell subsets. It plays a crucial role in the activation of NK-cell cytotoxicity and cytokine production. It also modulates the immune system and is involved in some pathologies, such as cancer. CD160 is abnormally expressed in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) but not expressed in normal B lymphocytes. Its expression in CLL enhances tumor cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. CD160 is also a potential prognostic marker for the detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) in CLL, which is important for the clinical management of CLL, the prevention of disease relapse, and the achievement of complete remission. In this review, we present an overview of CD160 and its involvement in the pathophysiology of CLL. We also discuss its use as a prognostic marker for the assessment of MRD in CLL.
Islands in the mud: The South Texas banks provide crucial mesophotic habitat for coral communities
Authors: Bollinger Maria , Macartney Keir J. , Easton Erin E. , Hicks David W.
Published: November 2022

On the continental shelf off the coast of South Texas lie a series of natural hard-bottom structures (rocky outcrops and relic coral-algal reefs) known as the South Texas Banks (STB), which provide critical habitat for benthic organisms and pelagic fish. The depth of the banks, a persistent nepheloid layer, and strong currents have resulted in few studies that provide quantitative biodiversity data on the STB. Using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV), video surveys were conducted to quantitatively describe the mesophotic coral communities and assess habitat suitability of five STB: North Hospital, Hospital, Southern, Big Adam, and Mysterious Banks. Each of these STB have significantly different benthic communites, with coral communities composed primarily of antipatharians and octocorals. Big Adam Bank had the lowest biodiversity and the least coral cover. Mysterious Bank had abundant antipatharians, specifically Stichopathes spp., but low biodiversity overall. Hospital Bank had low coral diversity that was offset by high diversity in sponges and other invertebrate species. North Hospital and Southern Banks had abundant and diverse populations of coral species, including scleractinians, and other benthic invertebrates. These data indicate that the STB are crucial islands of biodiversity in an area with few suitable areas for coral reef species. In addition, predictive modelling of habitat suitability provided valuable estimates on the potential distribution of key benthic community members, such as scleractinians and antipatharians, throughout the entire areas of the five banks assessed.
Research progress in the risk factors and screening assessment of dysphagia in the elderly
Authors: Chen Kerong , Xing Liwei , Xu Bonan , Li Yi , Liu Tianyun , Zhang Tingjuan , Shi Hongping , Lu Hanmei , Zhou Wengang , Hou Jianhong , Shi Hongling , Qin Dongdong
Published: November 2022

With the aging of the population, the incidence of dysphagia has gradually increased and become a major clinical and public health issue. Early screening of dysphagia in high-risk populations is crucial to identify the risk factors of dysphagia and carry out effective interventions and health management in advance. In this study, the current epidemiology, hazards, risk factors, preventive, and therapeutic measures of dysphagia were comprehensively reviewed, and a literature review of screening instruments commonly used globally was conducted, focusing on their intended populations, main indicators, descriptions, and characteristics. According to analysis and research in the current study, previous studies of dysphagia were predominantly conducted in inpatients, and there are few investigations and screenings on the incidence and influencing factors of dysphagia in the community-dwelling elderly and of dysphagia developing in the natural aging process. Moreover, there are no unified, simple, economical, practical, safe, and easy-to-administer screening tools and evaluation standards for dysphagia in the elderly. It is imperative to focus on dysphagia in the community-dwelling elderly, develop unified screening and assessment tools, and establish an early warning model of risks and a dietary structure model for dysphagia in the community-dwelling elderly.
Venous thromboembolism in in-hospital cirrhotic patients: A systematic review
Authors: da Cruz Renó Leonardo , Tustumi Francisco , Waisberg Daniel Reis , Rocha-Santos Vinicius , Pinheiro Rafael Soares , Macedo Rubens Arantes , Nacif Lucas Souto , Ducatti Liliana , De Martino Rodrigo Bronze , Trevisan Alexandre Maximiliano , Carneiro-D’Albuquerque Luiz , Andraus Wellington
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Patients with liver cirrhosis are at a higher risk of hospitalization. The present review aimed to assess the risk of thromboembolism and its burden on hospitalized cirrhotic patients.

Materials and methods

A systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42021256869) was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Lilacs, and a manual search of references. It evaluated studies that compare cirrhotic patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) with cirrhotic patients without VTE or studies that compare cirrhotic patients with non-cirrhotic patients. No restrictions were set for the date of publication or language. The last search was conducted in June 2021.

Results

After selection, 17 studies were included from an initial search of 5,323 articles. The chronic liver disease etiologies comprise viral, alcohol, autoimmune, NASH (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis), cryptogenic, hemochromatosis, cholestasis, and drug-related. The included studies were conflicted regarding the outcomes of VTE, pulmonary embolism, or bleeding. Patients with cirrhosis associated with VTE had prolonged length of hospital stay, and patients with cirrhosis were at higher risk of portal thrombosis.

Conclusion

In-hospital cirrhotic patients are a heterogeneous group of patients that may present both thrombosis and bleeding risk. Clinicians should take extra caution to apply both prophylactic and therapeutic anticoagulation strategies.

Systematic review registration

[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/], identifier [CRD42021256869].
MicroRNA panels as diagnostic biomarkers for colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sur Daniel , Advani Shailesh , Braithwaite Dejana
Published: November 2022

Background

Circulating microRNAs (miRNA) have emerged as promising diagnostic biomarkers for several diseases, including cancer. However, the diagnostic accuracy of miRNA panels in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains inconsistent and there is still lack of meta-analyses to determine whether miRNA panels can serve as robust biomarkers for CRC diagnosis.

Methods

This study performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the clinical utility of miRNA panels as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of CRC. The investigation systematically searched PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar (21-year span, between 2000 and 2021) to retrieve articles reporting the diagnostic role of miRNA panels in detecting CRC. Diagnostic meta-analysis of miRNA panels used diverse evaluation indicators, including sensitivity, specificity, Positive Likelihood Ratio (PLR), Negative Likelihood Ratio (NLR), Diagnostic Odds Ratio (DOR), and the area under the curve (AUC) values.

Results

Among the 313 articles identified, 20 studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled estimates of miRNA panels for the diagnosis of CRC were 0.85 (95% CI: 0.84–0.86), 0.79 (95% CI: 0.78–0.80), 4.06 (95% CI: 3.89–4.23), 0.20 (95% CI: 0.19–0.20), 22.50 (95% CI: 20.81–24.32) for sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, and DOR, respectively. Moreover, the summary receiver operating characteristics (SROC) curve revealed an AUC value of 0.915 (95% CI: 0.914–0.916), suggesting an outstanding diagnostic accuracy for overall miRNA panels. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses demonstrated that miRNA panels have the highest diagnostic accuracy within serum samples, rather than in other sample-types – with a sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, DOR, and AUC of 0.87, 0.86, 7.33, 0.13, 55.29, and 0.943, respectively. Sensitivity analysis revealed that DOR values did not differ markedly, which indicates that the meta-analysis had strong reliability. Furthermore, this study demonstrated no proof of publication bias for DOR values analyzed using Egger’s regression test (P > 0.05) and funnel plot. Interestingly, miR-15b, miR-21 and miR-31 presented the best diagnostic accuracy values for CRC with sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, DOR, and AUC values of 0.95, 0.94, 17.19, 0.05, 324.81, and 0.948, respectively.

Conclusion

This study’s findings indicated that miRNA panels, particularly serum-derived miRNA panels, can serve as powerful and promising biomarkers for early CRC screening.

Systematic review registration

[www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero], identifier [CRD42021268172].
Taxonomy and multi-gene phylogeny of Micropsalliota (Agaricales, Agaricaceae) with description of six new species from China
Authors: Yan Jun-Qing , Zeng Zhi-Heng , Hu Ya-Ping , Ke Bin-Rong , Zeng Hui , Wang Sheng-Nan
Published: November 2022

Micropsalliota is a relatively small genus containing only 62 previously identified species. Here, we describe six new taxa of Micropsalliota based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses: M. minor, M. ovalispora, M. pseudodelicatula, M. rufosquarrosa, M. tenuipes, and M. wuyishanensis and a new record taxon to China. The first Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of a three-gene dataset (ITS, LSU, and rpb2) separated the genus into 18 weakly to strongly supported major clades and subclades, but only a few subclades were synapomorphies. According to phylogenetic analyses, M. cornuta does not belong in Micropsalliota. A key to 20 species of Micropsalliota in China is provided.