bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In office dental bleaching with hydrogen peroxide: A case report
Authors: Pribadi Nirawati , Sylvia  , Tri Maulinda Wulan , Wahyu Nur Cahyani Anggi
Published: December 2022

Background: Tooth discoloration has become an aesthetic issue that has a psychosocial impact on the majority of people. Dental bleaching is the most conservative preferred treatment for discolored teeth. Purpose: The aim of this case study is to report cases with in-office dental bleaching of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth. Case: A 35-year-old woman complained about a yellowish tint on her upper jaw and front mandible, which made her feel self-conscious. Case Management: In-office dental bleaching performed using hydrogen peroxide and a desensitizing agent. Follow-up was taken, and the treatment results were satisfactory. Conclusion: In office dental bleaching is a treatment option to correct discolored teeth in a short time.
Rehabilitation of Anterior Teeth Trough Endorestoration
Authors: Yuanita Tamara , Chairil Hafiz Teuku , Amalia Iqony Rosa
Published: December 2022

Background: Nowadays, people has considered the importance of dental health, both in terms of functional and aesthetic improvements. Complex caries lesion of anterior teeth are a major problems that require aesthetic management due to patient’s confidence. Purpose : The aim is to present a case of anterior maxillary teeth with complex caries treated with endodontic and restoration treatment to recover its optimal function aesthetically. Case A 18-year-old female patient with multiple caries on anterior maxillary teeth. She felt unconfidence about her performance. 13 class IV black caries lesion, 12 radicular tooth, 11 and 21  previously endodontic treated with metal post. 22 class V Black carieus lesion, 23 class III Black caries lesion. Case management:. 13, 12 and 22 were managed with root canal treatment and followed by fiber post insertion. 11 and 21 were previously endodontic treated and retreated with prefabricated fiber post. 23 with moderate caries was managed with crown. All anterior maxillary teeth had crown lengthening before. And all crown materials were made with Lithium Disilicate. Conslussion : Anterior maxillary teeth with severed multiple caries, successfully managed with optimal result. Restoring its function, form aesthetically and improve her quality of life.
Pulp tissue regeneration in the treatment of immature premolars accompanied by infection: A case report
Authors: Gabriella Djuanda Anastasia , Dianti Eska , Auzan Fepiosandi Radixtio , Lazuardi Ramadhan Daniyal , Agustin Wahjuningrum Dian , Setyabudi
Published: December 2022

Background: Young permanent teeth are one of the challenges in performing endodontic treatment. Revascularization is a good yet simple treatment option for pulp tissue regeneration to stimulate periapical lesion healing, continue root growth and restore pulp tissue function. Purpose: This case report describes management of pulp tissue regeneration in teeth with infection. Case: Female, 16 years old, came complaining of pain in the left lower back tooth accompanied by recurrent swelling. Radiograph showed an open apex with apical lesion on tooth 35. The diagnosis was pulpal necrosis accompanied by a chronic apical abscess. Case management: The treatment plan was revascularization and direct composite restoration. After accessing the cavity, the teeth were prepared, irrigated, and medicated with TAP, which was repeated for 2 visits. On the next visit, after the root canal was cleaned, over instrumentation was performed for bleeding and Collaplug was placed over the blood clot, covered with MTA, and composite resin for coronal sealing. Follow up was carried out for up to 9 months and was asymptomatic. Radiographs show healing of the lesion accompanied by closure of the root canal. Conclusion: Regenerative endodontics has been shown the successful in stimulating root canal closure to treat immature teeth
How Many Reindeer? UAV Surveys as an Alternative to Helicopter or Ground Surveys for Estimating Population Abundance in Open Landscapes
Authors: Paulsen Ingrid Marie Garfelt , Pedersen Åshild Ønvik , Hann Richard , Blanchet Marie-Anne , Eischeid Isabell , Van Hazendonk Charlotte , Ravolainen Virve Tuulia , Stien Audun , Le Moullec Mathilde
Published: December 2022

Conservation of wildlife depends on precise and unbiased knowledge on the abundance and distribution of species. It is challenging to choose appropriate methods to obtain a sufficiently high detectability and spatial coverage matching the species characteristics and spatiotemporal use of the landscape. In remote regions, such as in the Arctic, monitoring efforts are often resource-intensive and there is a need for cheap and precise alternative methods. Here, we compare an uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV; quadcopter) pilot-survey of the non-gregarious Svalbard reindeer to traditional population abundance surveys from ground and helicopter to investigate whether UAVs can be an efficient alternative technology. We found that the UAV survey underestimated reindeer abundance compared to the traditional abundance surveys when used at management relevant spatial scales. Observer variation in reindeer detection on UAV imagery was influenced by the RGB greenness index and mean blue channel. In future studies, we suggest to test long-range fixed-wing UAVs to increase the sample size of reindeer and area coverage and incorporate detection probability in animal density models from UAV imagery. In addition, we encourage focus on more efficient post-processing techniques, including automatic animal object identification with machine learning and analytical methods that account for uncertainties.
Algorithm for Additional Correction of Remote Sensing Reflectance in the Presence of Absorbing Aerosol
Authors: Papkova Anna Stanislavovna , Shybanov Evgeny Borisovich
Published: December 2022

In the presence of absorbing aerosol in the atmosphere a number of systematic errors of standard Ocean Color algorithms were noted, for example, negative values of remote sensing reflectance in the short-wavelength region at 412 nm and 443 nm. The main goal of this work is to develop an algorithm for additional correction of remote sensing reflectance level 2 satellite data, taking into account the presence of absorbing aerosol over the Black Sea, where a large number of dust transfers from the Sahara are observed annually. To implement the algorithm, an analytical and experimental evaluation of the interpolation function is carried out, taking into account the optical effects caused by the stratification of the absorbing aerosol. This algorithm is based on the constancy of the color index value, characteristic of the selected region. For the Black Sea the average value of CI(412/443) = 0.80±0.08, a small standard deviation indicates that the sample is slightly variable. Therefore, CI(412/443) = 0.80 will be further considered as the reference value of the color index for calculating new restored Rrs(λ).
First Short-term Study of the Relationship between Native and Invasive Earthworms in the Zone of Soil Freezing in Western Siberia – Experiments in Mesocosms
Authors: Golovanova Elena Vasilevna , Knyazev Stanislav Yurievich , Babiy Kirill Anatolevich , Karaban Kamil
Published: December 2022

Earthworm invasions often reduce biodiversity and affect the ability of ecosystems to perform ecosystem functions. Over the past few decades, European lumbricide species have spread widely in natural habitats in Western Siberia, without completely displacing the native species. The aim of the present experiment is to study the survival, reproductive potential, vertical distribution, abundance, and biomass of Aporrectodea caliginosa and Lumbricus rubellus invasive for the region and the native species Eisenia nordenskioldi and their influence on each other. For this purpose, winter and vegetation experiments were conducted in mesocosms simulating the real situation of invasions in the same communities on the same types of soils with the same amount and composition of litter. The authors found that the native species was significantly inferior to A. caliginosa in reproduction rate, number of offspring, and final biomass, but had an advantage over L. rubellus. The native species was positively influenced by the presence of A. caliginosa. In the experiment, there was a significant rejuvenation of the populations of the studied species, an increase in abundance and relative mass under interaction conditions compared to mono variants. The native species had advantages over the invasive species in terms of winter survival. The natural volume of litter used in the experiment was insufficient for L. rubellus. According to the results of the experiment, it can be assumed that the spread of L. rubellus will continue to be limited to non-freezing biotopes rich in organic matter. A. caliginosa will spread in natural communities and agrocenoses of Western Siberia.
Evaluating the Fungal Pathogens Inhibition Efficiency of Composite Film Combined With Antagonistic Yeasts and Sodium Alginate on Peach
Authors: Du Xiaolong , Li Shaobin , Luo An , Yin Xiaoli , Fan Kai , Mou Linyun , Li Jianlong
Published: December 2022

Abstract: To reduce the indiscriminate use of pesticides and extend the postharvest shelf life of peach fruit (cv. Baihua) from southeast China, microbial antagonism of indigenous yeasts was mainly studied and applied in construction of composite film. After isolation, purification, cultivation and identification, a total of 14 yeast strains from 9 genera were screened out from the surface of peaches. By experimental analysis of in vitro inhibition zone and in vivo colonizing capacity, Candida oleophila sp-ELPY12B and Cryptococcus laurentii sp-ELPY15A, which have conservative structure of D1/D2 domain sequences and were considered as new species by phylogenetic analysis, were finally chosen as fungicides against the major pathogens. In combination of Na-alginate film (0.4 % glycerin as plasticizer and 0.1 % Tween-80 as emulsifier), the preservative effects of composite-treated groups (1 × 108 CFU mL−1 of Candida oleophila sp-ELPY12B and Cryptococcus laurentii sp-ELPY15A) showed best antifungal effects, which significantly delayed the postharvest preservation period about 6 - 7 d under ambient temperature of 25 ± 3°C and relative humidity of 50 - 70%.
Controls of Central and Peripheral Blood Pressure and Hemorrhagic/Hypovolemic Shock
Authors: Ranjan Amaresh K. , Gulati Anil
Published: December 2022

The pressure exerted on the heart and blood vessels because of blood flow is considered as an important parameter for the cardiovascular function. It determines sufficient blood perfusion as well as transportation of nutrition, oxygen and other essential factors to every organ. Pressure in the primary arteries located near the heart and the brain, known as central blood pressure (CBP), while in peripheral arteries, known as peripheral blood pressure (PBP). Normally, CBP and PBP are correlated; however, cardiovascular disorders interfere their regulation and affect the blood flow in vital organs and accessory organs, differently. Therefore, understanding each of them in normal and disease conditions is essential for managing various cardiovascular disorders and increasing their treatment outcomes. In this review, we have described the control systems (neural, hormonal, osmotic and cellular) of the blood pressure and its regulation in hypovolemic shock using centhaquine (Lyfaquin®) as a resuscitative agent.
Lighting for Green Walls
Authors: Raynham Peter , Dugar Amardeep M.
Published: December 2022

This study demonstrates the possibility of growing green walls in normal commercial building environments with lighting designed primarily for aesthetic reasons, rather than the promotion of plant growth. Lighting is a key resource required for the growth and maintenance of robust green walls within interior environments. The study evaluated the appearance and growth of green walls with electric lighting used primarily for aesthetic reasons. Three identical green walls with six different plants were illuminated using three different white LED light sources for a period of five months. Plant health was monitored and documented in terms of growth patterns. One hundred and six subjects appraised the appearance of the walls using questionnaires. Findings of this study indicate that it is indeed possible to grow and maintain green walls in normal commercial building environments with lighting designed for aesthetic reasons. Further, it was observed that the selection of the correct plant species for the green walls is important to ensure plant health.
Design Requirements for Personal Mobility Vehicle (PMV) with Inward Tilt Mechanism to Minimize Steering Disturbances Caused by Uneven Road Surface
Authors: Haraguchi Tetsunori , Kaneko Tetsuya
Published: December 2022

Personal Mobility Vehicle (PMV) which has an inward tilting angle turns with the lateral force due to large camber angle, so it is necessary to consider the lateral movement of the tire vertical load axis during turning. Although the steering torque mechanism are very different from those of automobiles, there are not many examples which studied the steering torque mechanism of PMV. In this paper, based on the effects of six components force acting on the tires, a method for setting the steering axis specifications is derived, including the geometrical minimization of steering moment disturbance due to the vertical load reaction force during turning. Although, automobile tires have a significant ground camber angle when traveling on rutted roads, they do not have it on slant roads because the vehicle body tilts along the road surface. On the other hand, in PMV, the vehicle body always keeps upright when traveling both on slanted roads and on rutted roads. Therefore, the tires have ground camber angles on both types of road surface. We study the straight running ability under such road surface disturbances based on the geometrical minimization of steering moment disturbance due to the vertical load reaction force during turning. This straight running ability can be a remarkable strong point of PMV with an inward tilt mechanism.
COVID-19 in Infants and Children under 2 years – Lung Ultrasound Score Correlated with Biomarkers and Symptoms
Authors: Stoicescu Emil Robert , Lovrenski Jovan , Iacob Roxana , Cerbu Simona , Iacob Daniela , Iacob Emil Radu , Susa Septimiu Radu , Ciuca Ioana Mihaiela , Ciornei-Hoffman Andreea , Oancea Cristian , Manolescu Diana Luminita
Published: December 2022

It is already well known that infants and children infected with COVID-19 develop mild to mod-erate forms of the disease, with fever and oropharyngeal congestion being the most common symptoms. Nevertheless, there are cases in which the patients accuse respiratory symptoms. These cases need lung evaluation, which can be done using lung ultrasound (LUS), because it is a non-irradiating and repeatable imaging technique. 19 children with COVID-19 pneumonia were eval-uated using LUS. The LUS score (LUSS) for each patient varied between 1 to 8 points from a max-imum of 36 points. The arithmetic mean was 4.47 ± 2.36 (S.D), while 95% CI for the Arithmetic mean was 3.33 to 5.61. The lung changes were correlated with their biomarkers, specifically in-flammatory markers. The correlation between LUSS and LDH, D-dimers and IL-6 was a strong positive one with r=0.66 (p=0.01, 95% CI 0.147 to 0.896) between the LUSS and LDH level at symptomatic infants and children (with cough present) and r=0.66 (p=0.01, 95% CI 0.140 to 0.895) between LUSS and D-dimers level at symptomatic infants and children (with cough pre-sent). The results suggest that LUS could be a good imaging technique that can be used both in ini-tial evaluation of children with respiratory diseases, and, also in their follow-up, correlated with symptoms and biomarkers.
Design and Application of Deep Hash Embedding Algorithm with Fusion Entity Attribute Information(FADH)
Authors: Huang Xiao Li , Chen Hai Bo , Zhang Zheng
Published: December 2022

Most machine learning and deep learning algorithms can only use low-dimensional data as input, but the data that must be processed in practical applications is diverse and irregular. There are two main problems with big dynamic data. (1) The size of the embedding table grows linearly with the vocabulary size, resulting in massive memory consumption. (2) For different newly added vocabularies. To solve these two problems, this paper proposes a novel embedding algorithm that can learn attribute associations with entities based on deep and hash algorithms. Taking movie data as an example, the encoding method and the specific flow of the algorithm are presented in detail, and the effect of dynamic reuse of data models is realized. Compared with the four existing embedding algorithms which can fuse entity attribute information, the deep hash embedding algorithm proposed in this paper has obvious optimization of time and space complexity.
The flood pulse regulates the longitudinal distribution of fish assemblages in the amazonian floodplain lakes
Authors: Sousa Raniere Garcez Costa , Oliveira Nathalya Sousa , Rosa Fábio Ricardo da
Published: December 2022

The present study evaluated the incidence of fish species in Cujubim Lake in Porto Velho (Rondônia, Brazil) concerning periods of flood and low water. For this, we used experimental fisheries, with ichthyofauna samplings carried out in the years 2019 and 2020, which resulted in 2,508 specimens. For quantifying the ecological data, we analyzed Shannon-Weaver diversity, species richness, Simpson dominance and Pielou evenness. The predominant fish orders were Characiformes and Siluriformes, and the species Anchovia aff. surinamensis was the most abundant (N=809/35.49%). Diversity indicators were similar across all sectors (S1=the lower margin - end, S2=center and S3=mouth of the lake). Only the levels of richness and abundance were lower in the S3 sector, despite the importance of this habitat as a link to the Madeira River, which indicates transient diversity, followed by active selection of the S1 and S2 sectors in the lake by most fish. Limnological data, such as those of temperature (30.30±1.20°C), conductivity (35.82±5.98 µS cm-1), dissolved oxygen (7.38±3.56 mg L-1) and pH (6.70±0.54), were within the acceptable levels for tropical fish. The non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis showed the ordering of parameters by sector and species with greater affinity for each environmental attribute, in which dissolved oxygen (NMDS1=-0.720; r2=0.862 and p=0.043) and electrical conductivity stood out. Thus, it can be concluded that the behavior of the fish diversity of Cujubim Lake is affected both seasonally and longitudinally.
Perbandingan Hipotensi Antara Anestesi General dan Anestesi Spinal pada Seksio Sesarea
Authors: Chandraningrum Ajeng Rahmawati , - R. TH. Supraptomo , Laqif Abdurahman
Published: December 2022

Pendahuluan: Seksio sesarea merupakan salah satu operasi yang paling sering dilakukan dalam persalinan. Seksio sesarea berkaitan dengan penggunaan anestesi, dengan anestesi spinal lebih sering digunakan dibandingkan dengan anestesi general. Penggunaan anestesi pada seksio sesarea dapat menyebabkan hipotensi. Hipotensi adalah terjadinya penurunan tekanan darah sistolik kurang dari 100mmHg atau penurunan sekitar 20% dari nilai baseline. Episode singkat dari hipotensi dapat menyebabkan skor APGAR yang lebih rendah dan asidosis janin hingga hipoksia pada ibu serta depresi nenonatal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan hipotensi antara anestesi spinal dan anestesi general pada seksio sesarea di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta.
Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di bagian Rekam Medik RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Sampel penelitian ini adalah pasien seksio sesarea tahun 2021 sebanyak 60 sampel dengan 30 kasus anestesi spinal dan 30 kasus anestesi general. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi yang ditetapkan. Data yang diperoleh kemudian di analisis menggunakan analisis bivariat dengan uji statistik yaitu uji chi square dengan tingkat kemaknaan p < 0,05.
Hasil: Dari hasil analisis data, didapatkan hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis anestesi dengan kejadian hipotensi pada seksio sesarea di RSUD Dr. Moewardi dengan nilai p=0,002 (p<0,05). Didapatkan juga perbedaan pada kejadian hipotensi, dengan 21 kasus (35%) pada anestesi spinal dan 8 kasus (13,3%) pada anestesi general. Sedangkan yang tidak hipotensi sebanyak 9 kasus (15%) pada anestesi spinal dan 22 kasus (36,7%) pada anestesi general.
Simpulan: Terjadinya hipotensi pada seksio sesarea di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta lebih banyak pada pasien anestesi spinal dibandingkan anestesi general.
Perbedaan Kadar D-dimer antara Persalinan Pervaginam dan C-section pada Ibu Hamil COVID-19
Authors: Garwita Anindya Restisa  , Prakosa Teguh , Edwin Yuliantara Eric , Udiyanto Hermawan
Published: December 2022

Pendahuluan: COVID-19 merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus SARS-CoV-2 yang sebagian besar menyerang sistem pernapasan dan bersifat menular. COVID-19 memiliki jumlah kasus dan tingkat mortalitas yang tinggi. Bahkan, ibu hamil pun rentan tertular penyakit COVID-19. D-dimer merupakan produk akhir degenerasi cross-linked fibrin oleh aktivitas kerja plasmin dalam sistem fibrinolitik. D-dimer dapat menjadi biomarker aktivitas koagulasi dan alat prognosis pasien COVID-19. D-dimer meningkat pada kehamilan, persalinan, dan infeksi COVID-19. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar D-dimer antara persalinan pervaginam dan C-section pada ibu hamil COVID-19, sehingga mengetahui apakah riwayat persalinan memengaruhi kadar D-dimer.
Metode: Penelitian dilakukan di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian menggunakan 67 sampel yang tercatat pada rekam medis sejak Maret 2020 hingga Maret 2022. Analisis data menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney pada software SPSS.
Hasil: Hasil uji Mann-Whitney pada 26 subjek dengan persalinan pervaginam dan 41 subjek dengan C-section didapatkan P-Value 0,031 (P<0,05) yang menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan kadar D-dimer yang bermakna antara persalinan pervaginam (mean 40,44) dan C-section (mean 29,91).   
Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan kadar D-dimer antara persalinan pervaginam dan C-section pada ibu hamil COVID-19, kadar D-dimer lebih tinggi pada persalinan pervaginam dibandingkan dengan C-section.
Gambaran dan Prevalensi Kasus Kematian dengan Asfiksia
Authors: Sabilla Siskha , Suwandono Adji , Nugroho Novianto Adi
Published: December 2022

Pendahuluan: Gantung diri adalah cara bunuh diri yang paling banyak ditemukan. Dalam ilmu kedokteran forensik, gantung diri merupakan salah satu penyebab asfiksia mekanik. Asfiksia sendiri merupakan penyebab kematian tersering dalam konteks forensik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran dan prevalensi kasus kematian dengan asfiksia mekanik di RSUD Dr Moewardi selama periode 2010-2020.
Metode: Berisi rancangan/desain penelitian, sampel, uraian singkat metode penelitian dan metode analisis data. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif obsevasional. Sampel berupa data kasus kematian dengan asfiksia mekanik berdasarkan Visum et Repertum. Sampel diambil menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data yang diteliti meliputi : tahun, usia, jenis kelamin, lokasi pengirim, kategori, dan gambaran yang ditemukan. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan diagram kemudian dijelaskan kembali sehingga tersusun narasi.
Hasil: Dari keseluruhan data didapatkan 44 kasus (7%) kematian dengan asfiksia mekanik dari 575 kasus yang diperiksa di RSUD Dr Moewardi periode 2010-2020. Jenis kelamin laki-laki berjumlah 25 kasus (57%) dan perempuan sebanyak 16 kasus (43%). Prevalensi tertinggi adalah pada kelompok usia 18-30 tahun yaitu sebanyak 13 kasus (29%). Lokasi pengirim terbanyak  yaitu Surakarta dengan jumlah 15 kasus (34%). Kasus tertinggi yaitu pada kategori obstruksi jalan nafas sebanyak 19 kasus (43%). Tanda yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah sianosis sebanyak 19 kasus (43%).
Kesimpulan: Prevalensi terbanyak kasus kematian dengan asfiksia mekanik pada tahun 2016, prevalensi laki-laki lebih tinggi disbanding perempuan, usia 18-30 menjadi kelompok usia dengan kasus paling tinggi, kategori “Obstruksi Jalan Nafas oleh Benda Asing” memiliki prevalensi lebih besar, sianosis adalah tanda terbanyak yang ditemukan.
The Contribution of Mosque-Based Sharia Cooperatives to Community Well-Being Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wartoyo Wartoyo , Kholis Nur , Arifin Ah. Ali , Syam Nur
Published: December 2022

Mosque-based sharia cooperatives are Islamic microfinance institutions with two unseparated financial and social missions. They have unique characteristics not found in other cooperatives and financial institutions and could become the ideal institutions for the community, especially in the COVID-19 pandemic. However, to date, researchers have neglected this phenomenon. Therefore, this study explores the contribution of mosque-based sharia cooperatives during the COVID-19 pandemic to the community’s well-being. The researchers employed participant observation and semi-structured interviews to collect the study data and then interpreted them using an inductive approach. This study showed that mosque-based sharia cooperatives had several critical contributions to community well-being during the pandemic, including cheap financing with the qardhul hasan contract, refinancing and rescheduling loan, delivering basic food packages through zakat funds and cross-subsidies, carrying out social services, and health education. The findings confirm previous research indicating that mosque-based sharia cooperatives significantly improved community livelihood. Furthermore, this study contributes to the expanded understanding that sharia cooperatives integrated with mosques augment their contributions to community well-being in the pandemic.
Acute toxicity of three herbicide formulations in Astyanax altiparanae (Characiformes, Characidae), an emerging Neotropical fish model species
Authors: Yasui George Shigueki , Rocha Nathalia R. A. , Freato Thiago A. , Filho José T. , Barbosa Admilson C. , Lázaro Talita M. , Schade Gabriel M. , Carvalho Gabriella B. , Oliveira Carlos A. F. , Senhorini José A. , Monzani Paulo S
Published: December 2022

Herbicides may affect fish at different stages of development, such as gamete, embryonic early development, and mature adult stages. Sperm, embryos, and adults of Astyanax altiparanae were used to evaluate the detrimental effects of three herbicide formulations: Roundup Transorb®, Arsenal® NA, and Reglone®. The LC50 values for adults using glyphosate ae and imazapyr ae were 3.14 mg/L and 4.59 mg/L, respectively, while for diquat ai, the LC50 was higher than the greater concentration (28 mg/L) used in the experiment. For the initial stages of embryo development, the LC50 values were 16.515 mg/L glyphosate ae, 9.327 mg/L imazapyr ae, and 1.084 g/L diquat ai. Inhibition of sperm motility was observed at concentrations of 252 mg/L for glyphosate ae, 137 mg/L for imazapyr ae, and 11.3 g/L for diquat ai. Sperm viability measurements were taken at 101 mg/L for glyphosate, 34.6 mg/L for imazapyr ae, and 1.51 g/L for diquat ai, with 63.6%, 65.1%, and 62.9% sperm viability, respectively, in comparison with 87.5% detected in the control without herbicides. Astyanax altiparanae exhibited different sensitivities to the herbicide formulations investigated in different phases of development. Roundup Transorb® is a more toxic herbicide for adult individuals, while Arsenal® NA is the most toxic for early embryonic development and sperm motility. Reglone® showed the lowest toxicity for adults, early embryonic development, and sperm compared to Roundup Transorb® and Arsenal® NA. Astyanax altiparanae may be considered an emerging fish model for toxicological studies for the neotropical region due to its wide distribution and biological characteristics.
Artificial intelligence-augmented, triboelectric-induced ion mobility for mid-infrared gas spectroscopy
Authors: Zhu Jianxiong , Ji Shanling , Ren Zhihao , Zhang Zhihao , Ni Zhonghua , Liu Lei , Zhang Zhisheng , Song Aiguo , Lee Chengkuo
Published: December 2022

As the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, isopropyl alcohol (IPA) molecules played significant role as a biomarker for anti-virus diagnosis. However, conventional gas molecules detection exhibited dramatic drawbacks, like the strict working conditions of ion mobility methodology and weak light-matter interaction of mid-infrared spectroscopy, yielding a limited response of targeted molecules. We propose a synergistic methodology of artificial intelligence (AI)-augmented ion mobility and mid-infrared spectroscopy(IMMS), leveraging the complementary features from the sensing signal in different dimensions to reach superior accuracy for IPA identification. We pull in “cold” plasma discharge from triboelectric generator which improves the mid-infrared spectroscopic response of IPA with good linear prediction. Moreover, even with interferences of more than three different carbon-based gases, this synergistic methodology achieved ～99.08% accuracy for a precise gas concentration prediction. The synergistic methodology of AI-augmented IMMS creates a mechanism of gas sensing for accurate gas mixture and regression prediction in healthcare.
The use of Virtual Reality in pain management during the burn wound dressing change in children: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors: Vermelho Maria Marin , Curado Maria Alice Dos Santos
Published: December 2022

Aims and objectives

The present study had the objectives of evaluating and discussing the effectiveness of virtual reality to control pain intensity during dressing changes of burn wounds in children.

Background

Burns are the fifth most frequent nonfatal injuries in children and currently affect 11 million people globally who require medical care. The nature of this injury and its severity make its treatment extremely painful because it requires frequent dressing changes to avoid deterioration, promote comfort, and speed up recovery. Nurses must pay special attention to affected children in order to effectively manage their pain. Virtual reality is an innovative cognitive distraction technique that shows great potential for controlling and reducing procedural pain. It has the goal of reorienting children’s available attention to process the painful stimuli into a more pleasant experience by means of the virtual world.

Design

Systematic literature review with meta-analysis.

Methods

Twelve databases were searched, and studies from 2005 to 2021 were considered for inclusion. The PRISMA guidelines for study methodology were followed, RevMan software was used for statistical calculations and estimation of heterogeneity, the RoB 2 tool was used to assess risk of bias, the PEDro scale was applied to evaluate methodological quality, and funnel plots were obtained to check for publication bias.

Results

Eleven studies were selected that had a total of 299 participants, both children and adults, and seven publications that involved 218 exclusively paediatric participants were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed an important effect size (ES = 0.93) regarding pain reduction, with a confidence interval of 0.68–1.18 and a p-value < 0.00001.

Conclusions

Virtual reality is an effective nonpharmacological strategy to reduce pain during burn dressing wound changes and other painful interventions in paediatric and adult patients. Regarding future clinical research in this area, studies should focus on what type of virtual reality hardware is best and account for the evolution of this technology, as well as its appropriate use and the ways in which it should be applied.

Relevance to clinical practice

Virtual reality as a nonpharmacological strategy shows favourable evidence and had a positive impact on pain control in children with burn wound dressing. Therefore, its inclusion in clinical practice can be beneficial, reducing pain during this procedure, which is known to be highly painful, and facilitating its execution.
Job satisfaction and self-perceptions among Ecuadorian medical doctors during their compulsory rural community social service. A countrywide cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Izquierdo-Condoy Juan S. , Morales-Lapo Estefanía , Hidalgo Marlon , Tello-De-la-Torre Andrea , Ruiz-Sosa Carlos , Sánchez-Ordoñez David , Puglla Alexander , Vasconez-Gonzáles Jorge , Carrington Sarah J. , Ortiz-Prado Esteban , Guerrero Galo S.
Published: December 2022

Objective

To describe the level of job satisfaction and perceptions of recently graduated Ecuadorian physicians regarding compulsory social service.

Methodology

A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted based on a self-administered online questionnaire from February to March 2022, in recently graduated Ecuadorian physicians who were performing their compulsory social service. Participants were invited through official outreach groups. A total of 247 surveys were included in this study. We assessed job satisfaction by means of the S20/23 job satisfaction questionnaire and compared these results with sociodemographic variables and job characteristics of the participants. We performed the reliability test (Cronbach's alpha) to find the validity of the S20/23 questionnaire in physicians performing compulsory social service.

Results

The majority of participants were women (61.0%), and overall job satisfaction was 4.1/7.0 pts. "indifferent". The only satisfaction factor in which a predominance of dissatisfaction was found related to benefits/remuneration (43.3%). Participants' perceptions of wrong academic guidance during training, insufficient induction, and negative experiences during work were related to higher levels of dissatisfaction (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The level of job satisfaction of recently graduated Ecuadorian physicians during their compulsory social service was low and graduates indicated a neutral attitude towards job satisfaction in general. Negative perceptions with respect to training and expectation formation prior to and during the mandatory social service generated greater dissatisfaction. The Ministry of Health of Ecuador, as an organizational entity, should implement improvements to increase the job satisfaction of recently graduated physicians, given the implications that this experience may have for their professional future.
Evidence for auroral influence on Jupiter’s stratospheric composition revealed by ALMA
Authors: Cavalié Thibault , Rezac Ladislav , Moreno Raphael , Lellouch Emmanuel , Fouchet Thierry , Benmahi Bilal , Greathouse Thomas , Sinclair James , Hue Vincent , Hartogh Paul , Dobrijevic Michel , Carrasco Nathalie , Perrin Zoé
Published: December 2022

The localized delivery of new long-lived species to Jupiter’s stratosphere by comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 in 1994 opened a window to constrain jovian chemistry and dynamics by monitoring the evolution of their vertical and horizontal distributions. ALMA observations of HCN and CO in March 2017 show that CO was meridionally uniform and restricted to pressures lower than 3±1 mbar. HCN shared a similar vertical distribution in the low-to-mid latitudes, but was surprisingly depleted at pressures higher than 0.04(-0.03; +0.07) mbar in the polar regions. We propose that heterogeneous chemistry bonds HCN on large aurora-produced aerosols at these pressures in the jovian polar regions causing the observed depletion. We also propose that a relatively small fraction of CO causes enhanced production of CO2 inside the aurora to explain the long-term decrease of the CO column density and the CO2 peak observed only at southern polar latitudes in 2000.
The Association of Periodontal Disease and Oral Health with Hypertension, NHANES 2009-2018
Authors: Li Yuting , Yuan Xiaojing , Zheng Qiutong , Mo Fengxin , Zhu Shiheng , Shen Tianran , Yang Wenhan , Chen Qingsong
Published: December 2022

Background: Hypertension is a worldwide public health problem. We sought to explore the interaction of oral health and smoking on hypertension, and periodontal disease and smoking on hypertension.
Methods: We included 21,800 participants aged ≧30 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2018. Information of oral health and periodontal disease were self-reported. Blood pressure was taken by trained personnel and/or physicians at mobile testing center. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate the association between smoking, oral health, periodontal disease, and the risk of hypertension. The effects of oral health and periodontal disease on hypertension under smoking status were analyzed by stratified and interaction analysis.
Results: A total of 21,800 participants were investigated, including 11,017 (50.54%) in hypertensive group and 10,783 (49.46%) in non-hypertensive group. Compared with the excellent/very good of oral health, the multivariable-adjusted OR of good, fair, and poor were 1.17 (95% CI, 1.05–1.30), 1.37 (95% CI, 1.22–1.54), and 1.61 (95% CI, 1.36-1.92) (p for trend < 0.001) for hypertension, respectively. Compared without periodontal disease group, the multivariable-adjusted OR of periodontal disease for hypertension was 1.28 (95% CI ,1.16-1.42) (p for trend < 0.001). Furthermore, the p-values for interactions between oral health and smoking or between periodontal disease and smoking were < 0.001.
Conclusions: An association between oral health and periodontal disease with the prevalence of hypertension was identified. There exists interactive effect of oral health and smoking, periodontal disease and smoking on hypertension in American population over 30 years of age and older.
Radium-223 in women with hormone receptor-positive bone-metastatic breast cancer receiving endocrine therapy: pooled analysis of two international, phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials
Authors: Rugo Hope S , Poznak Catherine H. Van , Neven Patrick , Danielewicz Iwona , Lee Soo Chin , Campone Mario , Chik Jeannie Y. K , Alonso Estela Vega , Naume Bjørn , Brain Etienne , Siegel Jonathan M. , Li Rui , Uema Deise , Wagner Volker J. , Coleman Robert E.
Published: December 2022

Background Most women with advanced breast cancer have skeletal metastases. Radium-223 is an alpha-emitting radionuclide that selectively targets areas of bone metastases.
Methods Two double-blind, placebo-controlled studies of radium-223 were conducted in women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+), bone-predominant metastatic breast cancer. All patients received endocrine therapy (ET) as a single agent of the investigator’s choice (Study A) or exemestane + everolimus (Study B). Patients were randomized to receive radium-223 (55 kBq/kg) or placebo intravenously every 4 weeks for six doses. Accrual was halted following unblinded interim analyses per protocol amendments, and both studies were terminated. We report pooled analyses of symptomatic skeletal event-free survival (SSE-FS; primary endpoint), radiologic progression-free survival (rPFS) and overall survival (OS; secondary), and time to bone alkaline phosphatase (ALP) progression (exploratory).
Results In total, 382 patients were enrolled, and 196 SSE-FS events (70% planned total) were recorded. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) and nominal p values for radium-223 + ET versus placebo + ET were: SSE-FS 0.809 (0.610–1.072), p = 0.1389; rPFS 0.956 (0.759–1.205), p = 0.7039; OS 0.889 (0.660–1.199), p = 0.4410; and time to bone ALP progression 0.593 (0.379–0.926), p = 0.0195. Radium-223- or placebo-related treatment-emergent adverse events were reported in 50.3% versus 35.1% of patients (grade 3/4: 25.7% vs. 8.5%), with fractures/bone-associated events in 23.5% versus 23.9%.
Conclusions In patients with HR + bone-metastatic breast cancer, pooled analyses showed a small trend favoring radium-223 + ET over placebo + ET for bone-related endpoints, but not for progression or survival endpoints.
Clinical trial registration numbers
Study A: NCT02258464, registered October 7, 2014
Study B: NCT02258451, registered October 7, 2014
Molecular insights into Spindlin1-HBx interplay and its impact on HBV transcription from cccDNA minichromosome
Authors: Li Haitao , Liu Wei , Yao Qiyan , Su Xiaonan , Deng Yafang , Peng Bo , Zhao Fan , Du Chao , Wang Daliang , Li Wenhui
Published: December 2022

Molecular interplay between host epigenetic factors and viral proteins constitutes an intriguing mechanism in sustaining hepatitis B virus (HBV) life cycle and its chronic infection. HBV encodes a regulatory protein, HBx, which activates transcription and replication of HBV genome organized as covalently closed circular (ccc) DNA minichromosome. Here we illustrate how HBx accomplishes its task by hijacking Spindlin1, an epigenetic reader comprising three consecutive Tudor domains. Our biochemical and structural studies revealed that the highly conserved N-terminal 2-21 segment of HBx (HBx2-21) intimately associates with Tudor 3 of Spindlin1 without affecting methylated histone H3 readout by Tudors 2 and 1. Functionally, Spindlin1-HBx engagement promotes gene expression from the chromatinized cccDNA, accompanied by an epigenetic switch from H3K9me3-enriched repressive to H3K4me3-marked active chromatin state. Despite a long-proposed transrepression activity of HBx2-21, our study uncovers a key role of this conserved motif in recruiting Spindlin1 so as to unlock the repressive function of HBx N-terminal domain for regulated expression of HBV genome at the minichromosomal level.
Explicit versus implicit consideration of binding partners in protein-protein complex to elucidate intrinsic dynamics
Authors: Dasgupta Bhaskar , Tiwari Sandhya P
Published: December 2022

Many proteins are involved in tightly controlled binding to other proteins by incorporating intrinsic dynamics in the binding process, which can in turn be modulated. Therefore, investigating the intrinsic dynamics of proteins is necessary to understand function in a comprehensive way. By intrinsic dynamics herein we mostly review the vibrational signature of a protein molecule popularly obtained from normal modes or essential modes. For normal modes one often considers that the molecule under investigation is a collection of springs in a solvent-free or implicit-solvent medium. However, in the context of a protein binding partner, the analysis of vibration of the target protein is often complicated due to molecular interaction within the complex. Generally, it is assumed that the isolated bound conformation of the target protein captures the implicit effect of the binding partner on the intrinsic dynamics, thereby any influence of the partner molecule is also already integrated. Such an assumption allows large-scale studies of the conservation of protein flexibility. However, in cases where a partner protein directly influences vibration of a target via critical contacts at the protein-protein interface, the above assumption falls short of providing a detailed view. In this review, we discuss the implications of considering the dynamics of a protein in a protein-protein complex, as modelled implicitly and explicitly with methods dependent on elastic network models. We further propose how such an explicit consideration can be applied to understand critical protein-protein contacts that can be targeted in future studies.
Autologous dendritic cell vaccination against HIV-1 induces changes in natural killer cell frequency, phenotype and functionality
Authors: Aerts Joeri , Laeremans Thessa , Roover Sabine den , Lungu Cynthia , D'haese Sigrid , Gruters Rob , Allard Sabine
Published: December 2022

Although natural killer (NK) cells have been studied in dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccination in the field of cancer immunology, their role has barely been addressed in the context of therapeutic vaccination against HIV-1. In this study, we evaluated whether a therapeutic DC-based vaccine consisting of monocyte-derived DCs electroporated with Tat, Rev and Nef mRNA affects NK-cell frequency, phenotype and functionality in HIV-1-infected individuals. Although the frequency of total NK cells did not change, we observed a significant increase in cytotoxic NK cells following immunisation. In addition, significant changes in the NK cell phenotype associated with migration and exhaustion were observed together with increased NK-cell mediated killing and (poly)functionality. Our results show that DC-based vaccination has profound effects on NK cells, which highlights the importance of evaluating NK cells in future clinical trials looking at DC-based immunotherapy in the context of (therapeutic) HIV-1 infection.
Detail design (DD), front end (FE), back end (BE) design of non-tactical deployable 20 GWh (17.20841 kilo ton TNT) plane wave lens configuration fusion device
Authors: Rafique Muhammad Musaddique Ali
Published: December 2022

A simple plane wave lens, using an inert central plastic wave shaper, has been designed. An experiment was done with a 4 in diam, zeroth order design. An iterative technique that uses measured time deviations to connect the next wave shape was developed. Two identical versions of the first iterated shape were fired. Arrival time deviations in these first iterates fell within 50 ns bonds. With greater care and further iterations, lenses bound by 10 ns deviations seem possible. An advanced and novel integration method is applied. It is shown that this technique bears significant advantage over prior methods and is meritorious.
Effect of Ca addition on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of AZ61-Nd alloy
Authors: Zhang Zhechao , Hou Hua , Zhang Yuezhong , Sayed Mohamed E. El , Murshed Mohammad N. , Samir Ahmed , Wu Pengpeng , Gong Changwei , Yong Hui , Song Guangling , Fang Daqing , Srid Deepak , Algadi Hassan , Liu Baosheng
Published: December 2022

The effect of Ca elements on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of extruded AZ61-1Nd-xCa (x=0, 0.5, 1, 2 wt.%) alloys were investigated. The Al-Nd phase and Al2Ca particles are dynamically precipitated in the extruded alloys. The volume fraction of Al2Ca precipitates increases with the increase of Ca content. Moreover, the addition of Ca can refine the grain size. The tensile strength of the studied alloys remains almost constant and their hardness increases with increasing the Ca content. Regretfully, the presence of Al-Nd phase and brittle Al2Ca phase in the Ca-alloyed AZ61-Nd decreases significantly the elongation. The corrosion resistance of AZ61-1Nd alloy is conspicuously improved by the addition of 1 wt.% Ca, which is due to the uniformly and dispersedly distributed Al2Ca phase acting as a physical barrier. In this work, AZ61-1Nd-1Ca alloy with moderate strength and low corrosion rate was obtained, which is considered as a candidate material for application in marine environment.