bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vibration Suppression of Concrete Pump Boom During Pumping by Feedforward Control Method
Authors: Bao Huiming , Li Songjing
Published: December 2024

In this paper, boom of truck-mounted concrete pump is taken as the research object. Firstly, both mathematical and simulation models of the boom system are constructed, then vibration characteristics of the boom, especially vibration state of pump truck chassis are analyzed. According to the results of this theoretical analysis, a feedforward control method based on least mean square (LMS) algorithm and the finite impulse response (FIR) filtering algorithm is proposed to suppress the vibration of truck-mounted concrete pump boom which is mainly caused by the operation of pump system. After that, proposed feedforward control method simulation model is established; the effect on vibration suppression performance of it is analyzed. According to the simulation results conducted under three typical operation conditions, acceleration at the end of the boom decreases by 39.3% ~ 52.0% after the feedforward control force is applied. Therefore, it can be seen that the adaptive FIR-based feedforward vibration suppression algorithms designed in this paper can effectively suppress the vibration at the end of the boom.
The Psalter in Exile: Translation, Correction, and Revision of the Psalms at the Stuart Court in Saint-Germain-en-Laye
Authors: Charzyńska-Wójcik Magdalena
Published: December 2024

The paper concerns a little-known rendition of the Psalms, translated into English at the exiled court of King James II at Saint-Germain-en-Laye, and printed anonymously first in 1700, and then in a revised and corrected edition in 1704. The translators were John Caryll and David Nairne. Thanks to the preservation of Nairne’s Diary, we can meticulously examine the translation process and reconstruct the division of labour between these men. My discovery of the copy of the translation that Nairne made for Queen Mary of Modena immediately upon the completion of the original translation in 1697 (i.e., before the text was significantly altered by reviewers) offers a unique glimpse into the revision process. In-depth analysis of the variant readings introduced in the subsequent redactions reveals that the applied review procedures, though comprising a conglomerate of reviewers, represented a guided and systematic process aimed at both securing the approbations necessary to print the translation and providing readers with the best possible text.
Samuel Meienreis and His Books From Leiden: Tracing the Provenance of the N-Psalter Fragments
Authors: Opalińska Monika
Published: December 2024

This paper presents the historical background and provenance research into fragments of a Latin Psalter with Old English glosses (N-Psalter), discovered in the bindings of early printed books from the collection of Samuel Meienreis, a Protestant theologian and bibliophile from Royal Prussia, who lived at the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries. Comparative and material analysis of the volumes with fragments in situ, currently held in the C. Norwid Library in Elbląg, indicates that they must have been bought in the Netherlands and bound in a local bookbinding workshop, most likely during Meienreis’ two-year studies at Leiden University. The data collected during the research made it possible to establish a set of criteria relevant to the Psalter provenance studies and to verify them in light of a new finding at the Library of Pembroke College in Cambridge.
Ebü’l-Hasan el-Eşʿarî’ye Göre Rü’yetullah
Authors: Taşdelen Mehmet
Published: December 2024

Rü’yetullah, insanın fizyolojik gözüyle Allah’ı görmesi anlamına gelmektedir. Bu tartışmayı Kur’an’daki âyetlerden ve Hz. Peygamber’in sözlerinden hareketle erken döneme kadar götürmek mümkünse de asıl olarak Cehm b. Safvan’ın (ö. 128/745-46) rü’yetullahın mümkün olmayacağını ileri sürmesiyle gün yüzüne çıkmış, Muʿtezile’nin de bu görüşü desteleyerek Allah’ı tenzihten hareketle rü’yetullahın mümkün olmayacağını söylemesiyle yeni bir boyut kazanmıştır. Ehl-i sünnet kelâmını başlatanlardan ve Eşʿarîliğin kurucusu olan Ebü’l-Hasan el-Eşʿarî’de (ö. 324/935-36) Allah’ın baş gözüyle görüleceği üzerinde durmuştur. Allah’ın görülmesi meselesi Ehl-i sünnetin genelinde olduğu gibi Eşʿarî’de de aklen caiz ve naklen vacip olan konular arasındadır. Eşʿarî bu konuyu eserlerinde ele alırken öncelikle rü’yetullah ile ilgili âyetlerden hareket ederek kelimelere verilen çeşitli anlamları açısından değerlendirmeye tabi tutmuştur. Bu anlamları tek tek eleyerek âyetlerde geçen görmeyi ifade eden kavramların gözle görme anlamına geldiğini ispat yoluna gitmiştir. Daha sonra da bu âyetlerin asıl anlamının Allah’ın görülmesine işaret ettiği, bu görmenin Allah’ın kudreti dâhilinde olduğunu hatırlatarak belki dünya cihetiyle değil de âhiret açısından Allah’ın görüleceği anlamına geldiğini belirtmiştir. Aynı zamanda bunu destekleyen hadisleri de ele alarak Hz. Peygamber’in buna işaret ettiğini bildirmiştir. Eşʿarî’nin kelâm konularını ele almasında daha çok nakilci yaklaşımın ağırlıklı olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Ancak Allah’ın görülmesi meselesinde naklî olmasının yanı sıra bunun aklî olduğunu belirtmesiyle farklı bir yaklaşım sergilediği görülmüştür. Bu açıklamalarında özellikle görenin hadis olması kadim olan görüleni etkilemeyeceğini açıklayarak öncelikle varlık açısından hâdis ve kadim ayırımına gitmektedir. Eşʿarî’ye göre nasıl ki tatma, koklama ve dokunma birer duygu olup insan için kullanıldığında hâdistir. Aynı şekilde görme de insan için hâdis bir duygudur. Gören insanın ve görme duyusunun hâdis ama görülen olan Allah’ın ise hâdis olamayacağını belirtmektedir. Allah’ın gözle görülebileceğine dair ontolojik açıdan yaklaşımına bir başka kanıt ise O’nu görülmesi caiz olan bir varlık olduğunu belirtir. Çünkü olmayanı görmek caiz değildir. Oysa Allah mevcut, sabit olup kendisini görmemiz muhal olmadığına göre o görülecektir. Eşʿarî’ye göre Allah’ın görülmesinin ispatında Onu yaratılmışlara benzetme ve hakikati ters yüz etme anlamına gelmeden şanına yakışacak bir şekilde görülmesinin aklen caiz olduğu yaklaşımı vardır. Çeşitli çalışmalarda farklı konular işlenirken Eşʿarî’nin rü’yetullah ile ilgili görüşlerine arada değinildiği halde konuyla ilgili tüm görüşlerini bir araya getiren özel bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Bu makalede İmam Eşʿarî’ye göre Allah’ın görülmesi konusunda ortaya koymuş olduğu hem naklî hem de aklî delilleri onun eserlerinden ve birinci elden hareketle ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmaktadır.
Buddhist-Muslim relationship through local wisdom as a form of multicultural education
Authors: Suranto Suranto , Lattu Izak YM , Tampak Tony , Suwarto Suwarto
Published: December 2024

While not particularly prominent in broader interfaith dialogues, the Buddhist-Muslim relationship is a tangible reality in the Kaloran community, Temanggung. This qualitative study aims to explore the Buddhist-Muslim relationship through the local wisdom that has developed in the community. Data was collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and focus group discussions (FGD). The collected data was then subjected to descriptive synthesis analysis. The relationship between Buddhist and Muslim communities can be fostered through local wisdom as part of implementing living religious values. This local wisdom is divided into three thematic groups: 1) local wisdom without text, in the form of expressions or wisdom that serve as principles and guidelines for the life of a multicultural society; 2) local wisdom in the form of ritual symbols that serve as a medium for dialogue in a multicultural society; and 3) local wisdom in the form of performing arts that serve as a medium for dialogue in a multicultural society. Based on the sociology of religion approach and lived religion, local wisdom is part of the flexible media used by the Buddhist community to maintain relations with Muslims. This local wisdom serves as a medium for relations in order to maintain the harmonious life of a multicultural society.
Exploring Competitive Interactions: A Comparative Species Association and Ecological Niche Study of Bactrocera cucurbitae and Bactrocera tau (Diptera: Tephritidae)1
Authors: Geng Xingyu , Liu Xin , Xiao Lu , Yan Rihui , Lin Xianwu , Fu Yu , Fu Ying , Lu Xianli , Wen Jian , Cao Fengqin
Published: December 2024

Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) and Bactrocera tau (Walker) (Diptera: Tephritidae) are two invasive pests that pose a great threat to melon and fruit crops in tropical and subtropical regions. Previous studies have indicated that there may be a competitive relationship between these two pests because they have similar morphologies and a tendency to damage the same range of hosts. However, no studies have yet confirmed this competitive relationship, which is crucial for predicting the tephritid community structure and population dynamics, as well as for designing management strategies for these pests. In this study, we combined field investigations, literature reviews, and host preference tests to analyze the species association, niche width, and overlap of the two fruit flies to confirm their competitive relationship. We found that B. cucurbitae was more abundant in the wild than B. tau, and there was a negative correlation between them regardless of habitat types. The niche widths of B. cucurbitae and B. tau were 7.50 and 7.42, respectively, and the niche overlap was 0.87 when we analyzed the data from the selected literature. Similarly, the niche widths were 4.95 and 4.44, with a niche overlap of 0.95 when we analyzed data from host preference tests. These results indicate that the two fruit flies co-occur and have a competitive relationship due to their similar niche widths and high niche overlap. The findings offer insights into predicting the field population dynamics and structures of these pests, important for pest monitoring and management.
Three Inferior Oblique Weakening Procedures for Management of Mild Hypertropia in Unilateral Superior Oblique Muscle Palsy
Authors: Farvardin Hajar , Ebrahimi Fatemeh , Talebnejad Mohammadreza , Farvardin Hadi , Attar Alireza , Farvardin Majid
Published: December 2024

Purpose: To investigate the surgical outcomes of three different types of inferior oblique muscle weakening procedures in patients with mild hypertropia due to unilateral superior oblique muscle palsy. Methods: We reviewed surgical data of patients aged >30 years with unilateral superior oblique palsy. The patients were categorized into three groups in terms of the surgical procedure: inferior oblique myectomy (IOM), inferior oblique recession (IOR), and inferior oblique disinsertion (IOD). Patients with preoperative hypertropia of 6 to 10 prism diopters (PD) were selected as mild cases for further comparison. Demographic data, preoperative and postoperative deviations in the primary position, contralateral gaze, contralateral elevation gaze, and ipsilateral tilt were considered for analysis. Complete success was defined as achieving postoperative orthotropia in addition to the resolution of diplopia and head tilt. Results: A total of 82 patients with an average age of 11.8 years were included in this study. The male-to-female ratio was 1.27, and the most common cause of palsy was congenital (89%). Fifty-six patients were treated with IOM, thirteen with IOR, and thirteen with IOD. The mean hypertropia correction was significantly better in the IOM group (9.1 PD) than in the IOR (7.1 PD) and IOD (7.5 PD) groups. Complete success was achieved in 80.3% of the IOM group, 69.2% of the IOR group, and 84.6% of the IOD group. The reoperation rate was 1.7% in the IOM group and 7.6% in the IOR group. Conclusion: Compared to IOR and IOD procedures, IOM was more effective in correcting hypertropia in patients with inferior oblique muscle overaction and mild hypertropia secondary to unilateral superior oblique palsy.
Serum Oxidative Stress-related Biomarkers in Ocular Hypertension and Glaucoma
Authors: Baris Mine Esen , Furundaoturan Onur , Kocamanoğlu Meltem , Sahin Seray , Akçay Yasemin , Yılmaz Suzan Güven
Published: December 2024

Purpose: To evaluate the serum levels of oxidative stress-related molecules in patients with ocular hypertension (OHT) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) compared with healthy controls. Methods: Treatment-naive patients with no known systemic diseases and with OHT and POAG diagnosis were recruited for the study. Also, age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers with no ocular and systemic diseases were included as controls. None of the participants were under any topical or systemic treatment or vitamin/antioxidant supplements. Smokers were excluded from the study. Serum levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), ascorbic acid, protein carbonyls (PCs), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), neuronal pentraxin 2 (NPTX2), and β-amyloid precursor protein(Aβ) were analyzed.Results: A total of 90 patients (30 in each group) were included in the study. There was no statistically significant difference between the study groups in terms of age and gender distribution. Serum levels of TAC (1.47 ± 0.11 mmole/L) were significantly higher in patients with OHT compared to controls (1.40 ± 0.11 mmole/L) and patients with POAG (1.30 ± 0.08 mmole/L) (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the study groups in terms of serum levels of ascorbic acid, PCs, AGEs, NPTX2, and Aβ. Conclusion: Serum levels of TAC were significantly higher in patients with OHT. This elevated level might contribute to the protection of the optic nerve even in the presence of increased intraocular pressure.
Retinal Artery Occlusion: A Review of Current Management Practices
Authors: Yu Hannah , Choi Sophia , Guiseppi Rodney , Banaee Touka
Published: December 2024

Retinal artery occlusion (RAO) is a well-characterized ischemic ophthalmic event that may result in sudden and devastating vision loss. The etiology of RAO may vary including both arteritic and non-arteritic causes and the location of the lesion can extend from the ophthalmic artery to the branches of the central retinal artery. Given this variable causes of RAO, the clinical presentation and extent of vision loss may also differ from case to case, necessitating a prompt and thorough evaluation, including a full stroke work up. While there is currently no widely accepted standard for the treatment of RAO, there are several proposed methods that have been or are currently being investigated through retrospective studies and prospective trials. The current article aims to provide a review of the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management of RAO in addition to presenting a systematic review of recently published studies on treatment options for RAO.
Analysis of the Curriculum of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Kordofan, Sudan: Using Harden’s 10 Questions Framework 2022
Authors: Doumi El Bushra Ahmed , Ahmed Rasha Bushra , El Mugabil Abdelhameid Ahmed
Published: December 2024

Background: Curriculum analysis involves unpacking the curriculum into its component parts and evaluating how these parts fit together. The aim of this study is to analyze the curriculum of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Kordofan (FM-UK), Sudan, using Harden’s 10 questions of curriculum development framework. Methods: This is a mixed qualitative and quantitative descriptive purposive study. The qualitative descriptive study is based on documents analysis. All necessary documents of the college were reviewed. Intensive interviews were performed with the leading administration personnel in the College, Regional Ministry of Health, Teaching Hospital and Community Leaders. Focus Group Discussions were conducted separately for representatives of the students and representatives of the nonacademic staff. Thematic analysis was then used to categorize the findings. This quantitative study used a self-administered questionnaire for fifth-year students’ perceptions of the educational environment including Likert scale and open-ended questions. The quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS. Results: The curriculum is built to meet the needs of the local community. The objectives are clear, and the content is adequate. The educational strategies, teaching methods, student assessment, and study organization need to be updated. There are deficiencies in the learning environment, delivery of the curriculum, and how it is communicated. Conclusion: Harden’s 10 questions are all addressed by the curriculum of the FM-UK. There is a need for establishment of the school in this community and the curriculum supports the mission and objectives. There are areas identified for improvement.
Development of Asthma Mouse Model By Dermal Sensitization
Authors: Abdalla Isameldin , Bashir Amir A.
Published: December 2024

Background: Urbanization is often associated with the increased asthma prevalence in recent times. Asthma prevalence in Khartoum, Sudan has risen to 18.2% among children aged 13–14 years. Extensive research has been done on the prevalence and triggering factors of asthma, however, no experimental research using animal models has been done. Thus, this study aims to develop asthma phenotype in mice with TDI sensitization. Methods: This study was a controlled experimental study in which 24 BALB/Lac mice were equally divided into control (G1) and treatment (G2) groups. G1 was treated with 25μL of 0.3% TDI in acetone olive oil (AOO) applied on the same days. Autopsy and samples (blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid [BALF], and lung tissue) collection were performed on day 12. Results were analyzed using t-test on the SPSS.Results: A statistically significant increase in neutrophils and eosinophils was observed in the blood of TDI-sensitized mice (G2) with a reduction in lymphocytes. In the TDI group, a significant increase was seen in the BALF, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and basophils; the increase in eosinophils and monocytes was nonsignificant. Besides, lung-related histopathological changes in the TDI group were hyperemia, leukocytic infiltration, thickening of bronchoalveolar walls, and damage of respiratory epithelium. Conclusion: TDI-sensitized mice showed a significant increase in granulocyte count, especially neutrophils and eosinophils, both in the blood and BALF with inflammatory and allergic lung tissue changes. These changes confirmed the allergic responses and the development of asthma phenotype.
Dysmenorrhea: Predisposing Factors, Effects on Activities and Health-seeking Behavior among University Students in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Adeyemo Ayodeji , Bello Oluwasomidoyin O.
Published: December 2024

Background: Dysmenorrhea, a common gynecologic complaint among adolescent and young women is of public health importance because of its impact on their regular activities. This study aimed to determine the predisposing factors of dysmenorrhea, its effects, and health-seeking behavior among University students. Methods: This analytic cross-sectional study was conducted among 319 students selected through multistage random sampling technique from major halls of residence in the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Information on respondents’ demographic characteristics, effect of dysmenorrhea on their daily activities, and their health-seeking behavior was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0 with level of statistical significance set at P < 0.05. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 20.8 ± 1.91 years, and the prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 82.1%. The commonest symptom among those experiencing dysmenorrhea was low mood (51.9%). The length of cycle was the only factor associated with the presence of dysmenorrhea (P = 0.041). Ninety-two (35.1%) respondents sought medical attention. Severity and duration of pain, duration and heaviness of flow, and previous treatment for sexually transmitted infection were associated with their health-seeking behavior (P < 0.05). Class absenteeism, limitation to extracurricular activities, and restriction in relationship with others had significant impact on the students with moderate and severe dysmenorrhea (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Despite the high prevalence of dysmenorrhea, less than half of the students sought medical attention even though it affected their class attendance, extracurricular activities, and relationship with others.
Um salto para o passado
Authors: Vieri Piacezzi Lêni Helen , Freire de Paula Enio
Published: December 2024

Esse artigo integra as ações de pesquisa realizada no Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática do IFSP, e busca compreender os contextos em que as políticas reformadoras se inserem para tentar desvendar possíveis intencionalidades que as  reformas buscam atender, para além daquilo que efetivamente anunciam. As reflexões expressas neste artigo pretende lançar luzes sobre como o discurso ideológico neoliberal se apresenta no Relatório para a Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura (UNESCO) intitulado “Educação, um tesouro a descobrir”, mais conhecido como  “Relatório Delors”. O texto publicado em 1996 torna-se emblemático pois apresenta os Quatro Pilares da Educação e subsidia uma compreensão de homem, democracia e cidadania coerentes com o discurso hegemônico das forças do capital, e oferece suporte teórico e ideológico para as políticas públicas brasileiras dos ano 1990 e mais recentemente para os políticas reformistas dos anos pós-golpe de 2016. Entre as discussões apresentamos: (i) a historicidade deste documento, compreendido como um dos ideários da Base Nacional Comum Curricular, (ii) o movimento de ressemantização de conceitos e (iii) a construção de um consenso de intencionalidades educacionais alinhadas a ideias neoliberais.
Toponímia em LIBRAS
Authors: Gonçalves Louro Vargas Vivian , Dos Anjos Maia Marcylane
Published: December 2024

A Onomástica é um campo da linguística que concentra seus esforços na análise dos nomes próprios, abrangendo tanto as línguas orais quanto as línguas de sinais (Sousa, 2023). Nesse âmbito, destaca-se a subárea da Toponímia, que se dedica ao estudo dos nomes próprios atribuídos a lugares geográficos. O propósito deste texto é apresentar a análise das motivações semânticas e morfológicas dos sinais toponímicos utilizados para denominar alguns dos espaços públicos de cuidado à saúde localizados na cidade de Rio Branco - Acre, e os elementos que os surdos levaram em consideração na criação desses sinais a partir de dados gerados mediante a realização de entrevistas com surdos usuários de Libras que moram na referida cidade. A fundamentação teórica é estabelecida com base nas contribuições dos estudos realizados por Biderman (1987, 2006), Dubois (1973, 2005), Quadros (2019, 2004), Sousa (2022a, 2022b), Strobel (2008) e Vargas (2018). Observou-se que os topônimos selecionados para este estudo foram criados tendo como motivação os aspectos visuais e de localização dos espaços.
Correlation of radiological and histopathological findings in the diagnosis of benign bone tumors
Authors: Eriten Berna , Menekşe Serdar
Published: December 2024

Objectives: Diagnosis of benign bone tumors is one of the diagnostic questions in the clinical practice which has an impact on the patient's quality of life. The work aimed to define the radiographic and histologic complementary diagnosis for benign bone tumors.
Methods: The present cross-sectional study included one hundred and forty-two patients with benign bone and soft tissue tumors referred to and followed up in the Adana Seyhan Hospital over a study period of 2010 to 2023. Patients were categorized based on the tumor type and radiological imaging was done through X-ray, Computed Tomography (CT), and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans. These results were then compared to histopathologic outcomes. Diagnostic indices such as the percentage accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were estimated.
Results: In the study, 43.7% of the tumors were cartilaginous. MRI had the highest diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity of 96.9%, specificity of 83.3%, P<0.05). X-ray showed sensitivity of 90.8% and specificity of 66.7%, while CT showed sensitivity of 92.3% and specificity of 58.3%. A strong correlation was observed between radiologic and histopathologic findings (r=0.87, P<0.001).
Conclusions: Out of the histopathological features, there is a closely related association between the radiological and histopathological appearances in the diagnosis of benign bone tumors. Magnetic Resonance Imaging appears to be the only imaging modality with high accuracy of diagnosis. The concomitant interpretation of radiologic and histopathologic features allows for a considerable enhancement in diagnostic specificity.
Credit Borrower Sector of Economy and Credit Risk For Banks
Authors: Stępińska Joanna
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the article. Business entities in different industries operate differently. Therefore, different sectors are characterized, among other things, by different profitability, the need for external financing, and, consequently, a different level of risk of default on credit commitments to banks. Borrowers from specific industries may be, from the perspective of banks' interests, better or worse customers and contribute to strengthening or weakening the quality of their credit portfolios.
The purpose of the article is to compare sections of the economy in terms of the credit risk accompanying banks lending to them. The analysis conducted will be used to verify the hypothesis that industries are significantly different in terms of banks' credit risk related to credits they grant.
Methodology. The article supplements the literature with a cross-sectional analysis of economic sectors and includes an assessment of the differentiation of each of them in terms of their economic condition and the associated potential risk of banks lending to their respective industries. The first section of the article presents a literature review covering the issue of comparing the risk of operating in different industries, and the second presents the classification of sections of the economy according to the Polish Classification of Activities (PKD) . The third part presents data from the National Bank of Poland NBP on the repayment of credits in various industries. The fourth section of the article presents the characteristics of each section of the economy. The size of the operating of each industry, taking into account the size of its revenues and the number of enterprises, as well as the scale of investment and the demand for credit and loans in each section of the economy are presented. The cost level index, debt-to-equity ratio, the share of credit s and credits of each section in relation to equity are also examined. The relationships between: debt and financial results of sectors, financial costs and credit, and financial costs and net financial results of industries are also characterized in this chapter. In addition, the profitability and liquidity of economic sections were examined. The fourth chapter also analyzed data on bankruptcy and restructuring proceedings opened by section of the economy.
Results of the research. The assumptions and results of the analysis of the risk of credit defaults by each section of the economy are presented in the last section of the article. In addition, the results of the analysis carried out in the article are discussed and compared with NBP data on the share of credits in phases 2 and 3 in each industry. The conclusion of the study is that industries are significantly different in terms of credit risk from the perspective of the banks providing them with financing.
Financing of Churches and Religious Associations in Poland Compared to Models Used in Selected Countries in Europe and the World
Authors: Cichorska Joanna , Cichorska Barbara , Tomczak Daniel
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the article. To review the regulations regarding the financing of churches and religious associations used in selected countries.
Methodology. The review of the regulations regarding the financing of churches and religious associations used in selected countries and statistical and descriptive methods.
Results of the research. The need for changes in financing in the future.
Hydroponics vs Soil: An in-Depth Assessment of Morpho-physiological Traits in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea)
Authors: Gaikwad Dinkar Jagannath , Sahu Chandrasekhar , Prasanth Savirigana , Divya B. , Atta Kousik , Jaswanth D.S , Mahapatra Ashirbachan
Published: December 2024

Background: Making the switch from traditional soil farming to hydroponics is essential in modern agriculture to maximize resource utilization, guarantee food security and address environmental challenges. In addition to encouraging water conservation and offering exact control over nutrient distribution, hydroponics also holds the potential to increase agricultural production. In contrast, soil-based agriculture is a tried-and-true farming technique that depends on naturally occurring minerals. Methods: An experiment was conducted to investigate the morpho-physiological response of spinach in hydroponics and in soil during the winter season of 2022. In NFT hydroponics plants were planted using potting mix as a growing media. Hydroponically grown spinach was compared with the traditional grown spinach. Result: Spinach grown hydroponically exhibited superior leaf characteristics, including a larger leaf area, longer and broader leaves and a higher leaf count per plant. Additionally, hydroponic plants demonstrated enhanced growth traits, such as greater height, longer roots and thicker petioles. Notably, hydroponically grown spinach contained significantly more chlorophyll, indicating improved photosynthetic activity. Furthermore, both hydroponically and soil-grown spinach showed similar levels of nitrogen accumulation, suggesting that hydroponics can effectively support nutrient uptake comparable to conventional methods.
Vernacular Morphology Based on Revitalization in the Context of Islamic Sustainability - Case Study: Kampung Adat (Indigenous Village) Mahmud, Bandung District, West Java
Authors: Gartiwa Marcus , Rohmah Dede Siti
Published: December 2024

The increase in urban areas is a natural process caused by urban development, especially caused by contemporary demand. On the contrary, there is a local community’s effort, such as Kampung Adat (Indigenous village) to maintain the area as a vernacular kampong. Therefore, there is a need to revitalize the area to make it compliant with vernacular cultural aspects. Revitalization is an upgrading condition in adaptation to contemporary demands. Meanwhile, vernacular wisdom has a local-oriented morphology, respectful to the harmony of socio-culture and the built environment. Kampung Adat Mahmud in Bandung District, West Java, is named after Eyang Mahmud, who was Bandung’s outstanding ulama (preacher). The Kampong has been revitalized in the spirit of Islamic sustainability, which united contemporary development and Islamic heritage preservation. Such revitalization is helpful to be studied. Therefore, the research aims to get a better understanding of how the vernacular community could implement revitalization in the context of Islamic sustainability, which contains functional (Hasan), good (Thoyib), and aesthetic (Jamil) values. The research methodology is qualitative descriptive, based on observation, and analyzed by the development of morphology kampong, neighborhood, and dwelling house. The result is the revitalization of the Kampong, which has been conducted by an approach that harmonizes the natural environment, vernacular character, and contemporary socio-economy activities.
Transformation of Adat Values Into Benevolence and Conformity in the Traditional House of Limo Koto Kampar Riau, Case Study Ladder to Stair
Authors: Amanati Ratna , Hanan Himasari , Kusuma Hanson Endra
Published: December 2024

The customary stilt houses of Limo Koto Kampar Riau transformed their appearance. The result of the transformation from ladder to stair has developed its philosophical roots with Islamic values into a form that is more practical than symbolic. This study identifies the shift in the orientation of values that occurs by tracing the change from one level to the next through the reasons that become the motivations and goals of the residents in developing their houses. Using the Mean End Chain (MEC) method, it indicated that the value orientations that underlie the transformation from the ladder to the stair are Benevolence-Caring and Conformity-Interpersonal, which contain the postulates of Helpful, Family Security, and Respect Parents. It is just one example of how Adat values have transformed into benevolence and conformity in the traditional house of Limo Koto Kampar Riau. This value orientation has not experienced a shift from Islamic values. There is a transformation of form from the philosophical symbol on the ladder to the practical technical ladder. These findings are beneficial for understanding residents' motivations in developing their homes and contributing to addressing the preservation of traditional architecture.
The Relationship Between Islamic Principles and Architectural Sacredness in Islam
Authors: Ahsani Majid , Ismail Sumarni Binti , Fallah Siyamak Nayyeri , Ismail Nor Atiah , Al-Ameen Ali
Published: December 2024

Islamic art and architecture, known globally, were once deeply rooted in Islamic philosophy and carried profound spiritual significance. However, contemporary Islamic architectural creations often imitate the external appearance of past masterpieces while neglecting their underlying spiritual essence. Over the past centuries, architectural design methods have evolved, leading traditional Islamic architectural styles, which once harmonized form and spirituality, to lose their original meanings. Consequently, they have strayed from the primary purpose of Islamic art, which is to serve as a reminder of God. This study seeks to identify the authentic sources of Islamic architecture. Through analytical and descriptive analyses, we delve into the fundamental factors that have shaped prevalent Islamic architectural forms. Building upon the intellectual foundations laid by Titus Burckhardt concerning sacred art, this research examines the prerequisites for creating such art. Finally, this study comprehensively explores Islamic principles and sub-principles related to architecture through content analysis of Sharia texts and compares them to contemporary mosque designs.
Principles of Calligraphy Placement in Islamic Public Buildings
Authors: Baydoun Ziad , Shariman Tenku Putri Norishah Binti Tenku , Mustaffa Fauzan Bin , Adam Mastura , Farooq Afeerah
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the intricate connection between Islamic calligraphy and the architectural settings in which it is found. Islamic calligraphy is an extremely valued art form in the Islamic world and has historically been found in mosques, madrasas, and other Islamic buildings. Within the interior and exterior spaces of Islamic public buildings, the study gives a qualitative analysis centered on Islamic calligraphy's visual characteristics and placement principles. The study utilized chosen case studies, Al-Hambra in Spain and Al-Azem in Syria, to find and determine relevant visual features. An important understanding of the placement principles and critical visual characteristics of Islamic architectural public structures was obtained from the analytical review of these case studies. Three master calligraphers were interviewed to corroborate these results and add to the body of knowledge regarding the arrangement of Islamic calligraphy in the designated architectural contexts. The findings have important ramifications for using Islamic calligraphy in the architecture and decoration of historically and culturally significant public buildings.
Fatwā on The Ruling of Hajj Without Taṣrīh; The Case of Indonesian Hajj Pilgrims in 2024
Authors: Maram Ahmad Nabilul , Said Imam Ghazali , Tutik Titik Triwulan
Published: December 2024

Compliance with government regulations and religious fatwas is essential to ensure the legality and safety of the hajj pilgrimage. However, performing hajj without a taṣrīh (official visa) has become a significant issue, particularly for Indonesian pilgrims with long waiting periods for official visas. This study examines the perspectives of religious scholars and fatwā institutions on the validity of hajj without taṣrīh factors that contribute to non-compliance and policy recommendations for Indonesian and Saudi authorities to address these violations. Using a qualitative case study approach, the research includes direct observation, in-depth interviews, and thematic analysis to explore the reasons and experiences of unauthorized pilgrims while depicting the perspectives of religious authorities and community leaders. Findings reveal that taṣrīh violations involve various actors, including individual pilgrims, public officials, and religious leaders like kiai, who use their influence to facilitate unauthorized hajj. Conflicting fatwas from authorities such as Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah, and Hay'ah Kibār al-ʻUlamā’ add complexity to the issue. This study highlights the need for harmonized fatwā issuance and enhanced education on the implications of unauthorized hajj. Policy recommendations aim to improve compliance, align Sharia law with government regulations, and ensure a safe, orderly pilgrimage.
Cyber Resilience Under the EU Framework: Insights from an Applied Case Study on Critical Sectors
Authors: BELCIU VASILESCU Alina-Camelia , PREDA Marius
Published: December 2024

The increasing frequency, severity, and complexity of cyber-attacks at EU level highlights the significant importance of robust cyber security frameworks. This article examines the role of EU regulations, in particular the Directive on measures for a high common level of cybersecurity across the Union (NIS 2 Directive) and the Cyber Resilience Act (CRA), in strengthening cyber resilience in critical sectors. First, the review of EU regulations was carried out through a comparative analysis of the legislative documents to highlight objectives, targeted entities, security measures, and compliance and clarify how they are designed to improve cyber resilience in critical sectors. Furthermore, the methodology includes an applied case study designed to explore the practical implications of European regulations on cyber resilience through the examination of the hybrid threat - multiple cyber-attacks mixed with influence operations through the cyberspace targeting the civilian and defense infrastructures of an essential port. By analyzing the attacks through the lens of the NIS 2 Directive and CRA, this case study illustrates how EU regulations provide an efficient foundation for strengthening security and response measures. It also identifies operational challenges and demonstrates how adaptable frameworks aligned with EU regulations enable organizations to recover more effectively. These findings contribute to the broader discourse on securing critical infrastructures and advancing practical solutions to cyber resilience in an interconnected digital environment. To further improve understanding and preparedness, future research should focus on organizing tabletop exercises (TTX) that simulate scenarios similar to those analyzed in this case study.
BUSINESS LAW AND ISLAMIC LAW: DIGITAL STUDIES MARKETING IN PRACTICE LIVE STREAMING TIKTOK APPLICATION AS PUBLIC INCOME IN INDONESIA MAQASHID SYARIAH PERSPECTIVE JASSER AUDA
Authors: Wicaksono Syafril , Hadi al asy ari M Khairul
Published: December 2024

The increasingly rapid economic development of various industrial sectors can increase the growth of the Indonesian economy, especially the growth of the industrial sector in the digital marketing system. With the existence of this digital marketing system, it can make it easier for people to do business online on various social media platforms, the use of social media digital marketing for the majority of Indonesian people as the largest users is around the equivalent of 60.4%. This is a form of development of business industrialization in the field of digital marketing in Indonesia for the purpose of economic growth. Apart from that, in digital marketing practices, many people use various application platforms for doing business in all fields to adapt the concept of people's desires in digital marketing, such as Shoope, Lazada, Tokopedia, other platforms that generate income. However, to generate income easily, many people use live digital marketing as a marketing strategy or direct promotion on social media, apart from that, artists also use it as a result of live digital income on social media. In fact, the income generated is not only from sales or promotions but also from giveway income from views when live live, and what is most often used in digital marketing in the practice of live giveway income is tiktok which is used by the majority of Indonesian people because the tiktok apk is a product from China in a program such as uploading videos or photos on social media, live social media and others. The results of free Giveway income from views or viewers in the TikTok application, this raises an important issue in doing business from any income it generates, so what is the Islamic or sharia perspective? So the title of this problem creates a problem formulation based firstly, How is the giveway concept in practice in the live digital application of the titkok application. Second, how does the giveway affect people's income? Third, how does livedigital practice on giveway income from a sharia perspective. With this, the study method used by the author is based on empirical methods with literature study using a descriptive qualitative data approach, so that in this discussion the results of the research can be seen that digital marketing from each platform, especially the TikTok application, can make it easier for people as users to earn income easily and there is also a giveway. as income from bonuses in digital marketing as income, so that people's income continues to increase with the existence of social media as a business platform for sustainable economic growth in the digital marketing sector. And in the Islamic religion, legally the practice of digital marketing is permitted because it increases economic growth and makes things easier for society with the aim of benefiting.
DISORIENTASI AMIL ZAKAT DIERA DISRUPSI
Authors: Pertiwi Hana , Atika Atika , Abdilah Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Zakat is part of the pillars of Islam, where the distribution and distribution must be on target, carried out by a competent zakat amil. This study aims to complement existing deficiencies by analyzing how the Zakat Amil is disoriented in the era of disruption, so that the Zakat Amil is able to carry out its duties and functions well. The approach in this paper is descriptive qualitative, using library research studies with Google searches related to the title. This paper asks 3 important questions that must be found for solutions, including: (a) what are the dynamics of amil zakat in the era of disruption; (b) what are the factors that cause disorientation of zakat amil in the era of corruption; (c) what are the implications of the disorientation of amil zakat in the era of disruption. This article shows that there is a need for regulations that clearly provide legality for zakat amil, provide training for zakat amil and provide sanctions when zakat amil carry out Pangelinan outside the predetermined regulations. The impact that occurs will cause the continuation of amil who always takes wrong actions if training is not carried out on Pangelinan zakat funds and there will be no deterrent effect if there are no sanctions that are enforced.
Eksploitasi Anak Sebagai Pengamen Jalanan Di Kabupaten Madiun dalam Tinjauan Viktimologi dan Hukum Islam
Authors: Nabilla Eva , Musyafa'ah Nur Lailatul
Published: December 2024

The crime of child exploitation as street buskers causes victims. Child buskers are widely spread in various cities, including in Madiun Regency. This study aims to explain and analyze the victims of child exploitation as street buskers in Madiun Regency from the perspective of victimology and Islamic law. This study is an empirical legal research conducted in Madiun Regency. Data were obtained through and documentation. Interviews were conducted with victims and the civil service police unit. Meanwhile, documentation comes from a review of books, journals, anthologies, and sources available on the internet. The analysis used in this study is descriptive qualitative data analysis. This study concludes that the Madiun Regency civil service police unit collaborates with the social services and village officials in handling victims of child exploitation as street buskers. The main factor in the existence of victims of child exploitation in Madiun Regency is the power held by parents. Based on the theory of victimology, this is in accordance with the concept of power relations that victims do not have the power to refuse. In Islamic Law, child exploitation is part of the deprivation of rights and is included in the criminal penalty so that the perpetrator can be punished with ta'zir. Child exploitation violates maqāṣid al-sharī'ah , which is violating the principles of hifz al-din, hifz al-'aql, hifz al-mal, hifz al-nasl and hifz al-nafs.
Character Building Through Differentiated Learning of Islamic Religious Education in the Digital Era
Authors: Ihwanah Al , Idi Abdullah , Karoma Karoma , Afifah Ni'mah , Diana
Published: December 2024

This study aims to explore the implementation of differentiated learning in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) as a means of character development in the digital era at MI Al-Khoiriyah Banyuasin, South Sumatra. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach aimed at analyzing the processes and dynamics of implementing differentiated learning in building students' character through Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in the digital era. This study employs a case study design to examine the implementation of differentiated learning in elementary schools. Data were collected through classroom observations, in-depth interviews with teachers, school principals, and students, as well as document analysis, including lesson plans and student work. The data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman's interactive model, which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. This study concludes that the implementation of differentiated learning in Islamic Religious Education (PAI), supported by digital technology, effectively enhances students' character development. For example, through personalized learning tasks and digital platforms, students demonstrate improved discipline, responsibility, and collaboration skills, reflecting stronger character values. The use of digital media, such as educational apps and videos, enhances the understanding of religious values and fosters positive attitudes, such as discipline, empathy, and tolerance. This approach allows students to develop according to their potential, making character internalization more effective and relevant.