bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The genus Trochodendroides (Cercidiphyllaceae) in the Cretaceous floras of North-East of Russia
Authors: Golovneva L. B. , Alekseev P. I. , Gnilovskaya A. A. , Yudova D. A.
Published: September 2019

The genus Trochodendroides, recognized by its ovate or elliptical leaves with palmate brochidodromous venation, is well represented in the late Albian-Maastrichtian floras of North-East of Russia. The study of recently collected materials and revision of previous data allow us to introduce one new species (T. montana P. Alekseev, sp. nov.) and to offer 6 new combinations (T. ochotica (Vachr. et Herman) Golovn. et Gnilovskaya, comb. nov., T. barykovensis (Moiseeva) Golovn., comb. nov., T. gigantea (Moiseeva) Golovn., comb. nov., T. terranea (Moiseeva et Herman) Golovn., comb. nov., T. campanica (Abramova) Golovn. et Yudova, comb. nov., T. crenata (Herman) Golovn., comb. nov.). The new names were proposed for two species (T. samyliniae P. Alekseev, nom. nov., T. magadanica Golovn., nom. nov.). The diagnoses of 10 species are emended. The species Trochodendroides pekulneensis Philipp. and Zizyphus anadyrensis Philipp. are joined under the name Trochodendroides pekulneensis Philipp. emend. Yudova. The species Zizyphus microphylla Philipp. and Trochodendroides armanensis Philipp. are joined under the name T. magadanica Golovn. The species Macclintockia ochotica Vachr. et Herman and Trochodendroides longifolia Golovn. are joined under the name Trochodendroides ochotica (Vachr. et Herman) Golovn. et Gnilovskaya. In the whole, 21 species are recognized in the Late Cretaceous floras of North-East of Russia. Their stratigraphic and geographic ranges were analized. The systematic and morphology diversity of Trochodendroides was comparatively low in the late Albian–Turonian and the findings of these leaves are rare. During the Coniacian this genus reached the highest systematic and morphologic diversity. In the Santonian the abundance of Trochodendroides leaves was decreasing. In this time the lanceolate or narrow-ovate leaf morphotypes were most usual. The abundance of Trochodendroides leaves was increased again in the Campanian and decreasing in the Maastrichtian. Between 21 species, 18 species were distributed only in North-East of Russia. Many species were recorded only in single floristic assemblage. Species T. deminii and T. sachalinensis were characterised by wide stratigraphic ranges (from the late Albian to the Maastrichtian and from the Coniacian to the Campanian consequently).
Taxonomy and morphological diversity of infructescences Jenkinsella co-occurred with Trochodendroides leaves in the Cretaceous and Paleogene
Authors: Golovneva L. B. , Alekseev P. I.
Published: September 2019

On the basis of new records and reexamination of described fossils a revision of morphology and systematics of fructifications, found in co-occurrence with Trochodendroides Berry leaves was undertaken. The general construction of racemose infructescences and fruits of all known specimens is practically identical. This similarity indicates that these plants were closely related with minor differences that are not sufficient for separate generic designation. We suggest applying the name Jenkinsella Reid et Chandler for dispersed follicular fruits, to fruits in racemes and to infructescences attached to the shoots. This is the earliest appropriate generic name designated for fruits with distinguishable morphology and critical details of inner structures. The diagnosis of the genus Jenkinsella is emended and five new species are described: Jenkinsella krassilovii Golovneva et P. Alekseev, sp. nov., J. knowltonii Golovneva et P. Alekseev, sp. nov., J. conferta P. Alekseev et Golovneva, sp. nov., J. makulbekovii Golovneva et P. Alekseev, sp. nov., J. vilyuensis Golovneva et P. Alekseev, sp. nov. Three new combinations (J. filatovii (Samylina) Golovneva et P. Alekseev, comb. nov., J. jiayinensis (G.P. Feng, C.S. Li, Zhilin, Y.F. Wang et Gabrielyan) Golovneva et P. Alekseev, comb. nov., J. gardnerii (Chandler) Golovneva et P. Alekseev, comb. nov.) are created. Investigation of infructescence arrangement in different species of Jenkinsella provides new data, allowing reinterpretation of fertile shoots construction in Joffrea speirsii.
Pendidikan Karakter Dalam Proses Pembelajaran, Objek dan Model-Model Biologi
Authors: Lidi Maria Waldetrudis
Published: September 2019

National education goals are to create a superior generation and character which can be achieved through character education. Building the learner’s character can be done through four models, including the integration model. This model integrates the values of characters in the subject. Biology is a subject that can be used as a vehicle for character education. The integration of character education in biology is through the learning process and the materials as a model. Objects and models of biology can be a vehicle for the formation, development and character stabilization. Some biological models that can be used as an example for character education are a metamorphosis, an ant society, symbiotic mutualism, symbiosis commensalism, Carica papaya, Pinguin, the management of bacterial cells and the family Cactaceae.
Composition: The neurobiology of syntactic and semantic structure building
Authors: Pylkkanen Liina , Brennan Jonathan R.
Published: September 2019

Language is a combinatory system able to create an infinite array of complex meanings frommemory representations in our mental dictionary. How is this integrative process neurally implemented? Studies on the processing of structured vs. unstructured language stimuli have identified a largely left-lateral “combinatory network,” with the anterior temporal lobe as its most consistent integrative node, likely contributing the first stage of a multi-stage combinatory process. This chapter summarizes our current understanding of the neurobiology of composition, with a focus on three paradigms from extant literature that most directly address the basic process of combining words into phrases and sentences: the so-called sentence vs. list paradigm, the two-word phrase paradigm and approaches using model comparison with natural narratives as stimuli.
How do the Questions Asked Affect Suspects’ Perceptions of the Interviewer’s Prior Knowledge?
Authors: Srivatsav Meghana , Luke Timothy John , Granhag Pär Anders , Vrij Aldert
Published: September 2019

The aim of this study was to understand if guilty suspects’ perceptions regarding the prior information or evidence held by the interviewer against the suspect could be influenced through the content of the investigative questions. To test this idea, we explored three question-phrasing factors that we labeled as Topic Discussion (if a specific crime-related topic was discussed or not), Specificity (different levels of crime-related details included in the questions) and Stressor (emphasis on the importance of the specific crime-related detail in the questions). The three factors were chosen based on relevance theory, a psycholinguistic theory that explores how people draw inferences from the communicated content. Participants (N= 370) assumed the role of the suspect and read a crime narrative and an interview transcript based on the suspect’s activities. After reading the narrative and the transcripts, participants responded to scales that measured their perception of interviewer’s prior knowledge (PIK) regarding the suspects’ role in the crime, based on the questions posed by the interviewer in the transcripts. Of the three factors tested, we found that questioning about a specific crime-related topic (Topic Discussion) increased their PIK. This study is the first to explore the underlying mechanisms of how suspects draw inferences regarding the interviewer’s prior knowledge through the content of the investigative questions adopting concepts of psycholinguistic theory.
The effect of leaded gasoline on elderly mortality: Evidence from regulatory exemptions
Authors: Hollingsworth Alex , Rudik Ivan
Published: September 2019

Leaded gasoline is still used globally for aviation and automotive racing. Exploiting regulatory exemptions and a novel quasi-experiment, we find that leaded gasoline use in racing increases ambient lead, elevated blood lead rates, and elderly mortality. The mortality estimates indicate that each gram of lead added to gasoline exceeds $1,100 in damages. Our setting allows us to rule out potential confounders, such as correlated pollutants or socioeconomic status. We provide the first causal estimates linking adult mortality to leaded gasoline, highlight the value of banning on-road leaded gasoline, and present policy-relevant cost estimates at the lowest ambient levels to date.
Prevalence of Sudden and Unexpected Natural Death due to Diseases of Central Nervous System
Authors: Chaudhary Archana , Kadel Tulsi , Wasti Harihar , Shreshta Pramod Kumar
Published: September 2019

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined sudden unexpected death as a death, non-violent and not otherwise explained, occurring within 24 hours from the onset of symptoms. This study was performed with the objective to evaluate the different neurological causes of sudden and unexpected death.

Methods and materials: this is a cross-sectional analytical study with non-probability consecutive sampling technique over the period of one year. Data were collected, and analyzed using SPSS 20. Data were presented in percentages, and stratifications were used to control the modifiers.

Results: There were total 110 autopsies done during the period of one year for sudden and unexpected deaths, among which 19 (17.3%) were deaths due to neurological causes, where 17(89.5%) were males and 2(10.5%) were females. There were 68.43% deaths seen during cold weather. Smoking, alcohol and drug abuse all seems to have higher prevalence among the sudden death due to neurological cause. Most common causes were subarachnoid hemorrhage (58%) followed by ganglionic bleed (26%).

Conclusion: Common cause of sudden death due to neurological disease in our study seem to be due to intracerebral hemorrhage where subarachnoid hemorrhage was more common. The deaths were more common during the cold weather and most of them stopped their heart at emergency department during resuscitation.
Trichoderma and Its Prospects in Agriculture of Nepal: An Overview
Authors: Pandey Nabin , Adhikhari Madhusudhan , Bhantana Binod
Published: September 2019

In the world, the traditional agricultural practices are getting affected by various problems such as disease, pest, drought, decreased soil fertility due to use of hazardous chemical pesticides, pollution and global warming. As a result, there is a need for some eco-friendly bio-control agents that help in resolving the previous mentioned problems. The various types of biological control agents such as bacteria and fungi are involved in bio-control activity. Among them, fungal genus Trichoderma plays a major role in controlling the plant diseases. Species of Trichoderma are diverse fungal microbial community known and explored worldwide for their versatilities as biocontrol and growth promoting agents. These fungi reproduce asexually by production of conidia and chlamydospores and in wild habitats by ascospores. Trichoderma species are efficient mycoparasites and prolific producers of secondary metabolites, some of which have clinical importance. However, the ecological or biological significance of this metabolite diversity is sorely lagging behind the chemical significance. Several Trichoderma spp. positively affect plants by stimulating plant growth, and protecting plants from fungal and bacterial pathogens. They are used in biological plant protection as bio-fungicides as well as in bioremediation. A large number of research groups are working on various aspects of Trichoderma viz., diversity, ecology and their applications. The capacity of Trichoderma fungi to produce lytic enzymes is used in animal feed, and wine making and brewery industries. Trichoderma spp. are the most successful bio-control agents as more than 60% of the registered bio-fungicides used in today’s agriculture belongs to Trichoderma -based formulation. The increase in incidence and severity of diseases and emergence of new diseases causes the significant yield losses of different crops in Nepal. But the research and studies on plant diseases are limited.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(3): 309-316
Exploring the Dimensions of Multicultural Education and its Implication in Teaching Learning
Authors: Sherpa Dawa
Published: September 2019

This article aims to present the concept and needs of multicultural education in Nepal. This paper is based on extensive review of literature on multicultural education in Nepal. Multicultural education provides equal educational opportunities for all races, nations and groups of different cultures. Cultural values, ethics, norms and practices are focused on multicultural education. It helps to find out the cultural knowledge and skills in the learners and communicate with other ethnic groups. Multicultural curriculum can prepare individuals and groups with diverse backgrounds to live peacefully in a society. Multicultural education promotes the strength and value of cultural diversity. Moreover, it also ensures human rights and respect to one another and the acceptance of alternative life styles of people, and the promotion of social justice.
PENCARIAN FILE PADA ANDROID BERBASIS SUFFIX TREE CLUSTERING DENGAN DUKUNGAN WORDNET
Authors: Wibowo Adi , Andjarwirawan Justinus , Valentino David
Published: September 2019

Finding a specific file in Android devices is not an easy task. Not many apps can search by files’ contents and find terms similarities between user’s queries and files’ terms. This research proposed using Suffix Tree Clustering to index files contents, and WordNet to expand user’s query terms. This research used waterfall as research methodology to built a search engine prototype. There are five steps to index files, i.e. listing and parsing, preprocessing, clustering, merging of clusters, and storing cluster data into database. If a user wants to search files, the prototype will expand user’s query terms using WordNet’s synsets and compare them with clusters stored in a database. The results of this research show that suffix tree clustering and multithreading can be used to index files’ contents, and term expansion can help users to find clusters similar with user’s query terms.
IDENTIFIKASI KEBUTUHAN DASAR DI TEMPAT EVAKUASI SEMENTARA PASCA ERUPSI MERAPI DENGAN SENTIMENT ANALISIS DAN SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE
Authors: Moningka Resky Rayvano , Setyohadi Djoko Budiyanto , Khaerunnisa Khaerunnisa , Pranowo Pranowo
Published: September 2019

AbstractMount Merapi Eruption in 2010 was the biggest after 1872. The impact of this eruption was felt by people who lived around the areas which were affected by this Merapi Eruption. Thus, disaster management was done. One of the disaster management was the fulfillment of basic needs. This research aims to collect public opinion against the fulfillment of basic needs in the shelters after Merapi Eruption based on Twitter data. The algorithm which is used in this research is Support Vector Machine to develop classification model over the data that has been collected. The expected result from this study is to know the basic needs in a shelter. The accuracy gained by performing Cross Validation for 10 folds from Support Vector Machine is 87.96% and Maximum Entropy is 87.45%. Keywords: twitter, sentiment analisis, merapi eruption, support vector machine AbstrakErupsi Gunung Merapi 2010 merupakan yang terbesar setelah tahun 1872. Dampak dari Erupsi Gunung Merapi dirasakan oleh masyarakat yang tinggal di daerah terdampak Erupsi Merapi. Oleh sebab itu dilakukan penanggulangan Bencana. salah satu penanggulangan bencana adalah pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan opini publik terhadap pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar di tempat pengungsian pasca erupsi merapi berdasarkan data Twitter. Algoritma yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Support Vector Machine untuk membangun model klasifikasi atas data yang sudah dikumpulkan.   Hasil yang diharapkan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kebutuhan dasar dari suatu tempat pengungsian. Akurasi yang didapatkan dengan melakukan Cross Validation sebanyak 10 fold dari model klasifikasi Support Vector Machine87,96% dan Maximum Entropy 87,45 Kata Kunci: twitter, analisis sentimen, erupsi merapi, support vector machine
Adaptation, feasibility and performance of a brief clinic-based intervention to improve prevention practices among sexual minority men
Authors: Lachowsky Nathan J. , Fulcher Karyn , Lal Allan , Crosby Rick
Published: September 2019

Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBM) are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections (STBBIs). Originally efficacious with young Black GBM in the United States, Focus on the Future (FoF) is a clinic-based, single session intervention aimed at improving prevention practices. We examined the applicability and acceptability of the program for ethnoracially diverse GBM. Participants were recruited from a GBM sexual health clinic in Vancouver. A pre-test, post-test repeated measures design was used with a single intervention arm. Twenty-five HIV-negative participants received the intervention and retention at 90-day follow-up was 92%. Mean age was 27.8 years (SD = 3.53), 54.2% were non-white. The intervention was highly acceptable: 86.9% liked it and 91.3% would recommend it to others. A number of positive outcomes were observed post-intervention such as higher scores on the correct condom-use self-efficacy scales (p = 0.03) and increased condom-use frequency with primary partners (p = 0.03). The main outcome was number of condom-protected anal intercourse events for both insertive and receptive sexual positions; there was no significant difference for either the insertive (p = 0.62) or receptive (p = 0.36) partner. However, when restricted to participants who were not using PrEP, there was a significant increase in the number of condom-protected receptive anal sex events (p = 0.02). Although not an intended effect of the intervention program, 30% (n = 6/20) of PrEP-naïve participants initiated PrEP during the 90-day follow-up. This adapted low-cost intervention was rated highly acceptable by participants and demonstrates promise for increasing STBBI prevention practices. Expanded intervention testing and implementation research is warranted.
Transformations of Gender and Race in Maria Riddell’s Transatlantic Biopolitics
Authors: Bailes Melissa
Published: September 2019

Maria Riddell’s Voyages to the Madeira, and Leeward Caribbean Isles (1792), offers new understandings of the mutability and hybridity of race, gender, sex, and nation in the eighteenth-century British Atlantic colonies. By foregrounding Riddell’s engagements with natural history, this article places botanical and zoological classificatory systems in conversation with her depictions of how white women colonists and enslaved African labourers utilized the natural world. In addition to the ideas of contemporary naturalists, such as Linnaeus, Leclerc, comte de Buffon, and Smellie, Riddell’s work is also situated in relation to that of Erasmus Darwin, Edward Long, and Janet Schaw. At a time of significant political revolutions, Riddell’s travel narra tive affords insight into implications for the Caribbean colonies and their function as an environment of sociobiological transformation. While eighteenth-century writing often represented the West Indies as a site of biological and social degeneration, this essay shows that they were also depicted as a site of improvement and a sphere of knowledge-making that produced hybrid identities, knowledges, and cultures.
The Scottish Picaresque, Surveying, and Socio-environmental Nexuses in Mungo Park’s Travels in the Interior Districts of Africa
Authors: Van Renen Denys
Published: September 2019

Many critics consider Mungo Park’s travelogue of his trek into the interior of the African continent, in which he reaches the sought after banks of the Niger River in order to chart its course, as firmly espousing Romantic aesthetics and repeatedly imposing British ideologies on what he observes. His surveying and his deployment of the picturesque, for example, physically and imaginatively reshape the African continent. This essay argues that Park, a Scotsman, aligns himself with Black Africans through their shared positions as subordinates to hegemony. He does so in two primary ways. First, he adapts his surveying methods as he encounters peoples who practise it with much more nuance and precision, implicitly undercutting assumptions about European supremacy. Second, the Scotsman turns to an older genre, the picaresque, because it, by definition, not only defies the socioeconomic elite but also cherishes the places erased or subsumed by development. Displaced from his home, Park tries to create intimate affiliations across his travels, for his abject position requires him to reattach to—and, therefore, reanimate—his surroundings.
Mapping the Great Lakes: The Somageography of Water and Land, 1615–1828
Authors: Simeone Michael , Morris Christopher , McHenry Kenton , Markley Robert
Published: September 2019

Building on our earlier computational analysis of 237 digitized maps of the Great Lakes, we use maps and accounts of Lake Huron, bookended by those of Samuel de Champlain (1616) and Henry Bayfield (1828), to explore the concept of “somageography”: how first-hand experiences with natural environments are filtered and reconfigured by map-makers, rendering maps as irreducibly complex representations of particular human and environmental conditions. While maps of Lake Huron, in particular, may appear to become more accurate by the 1820s, Bayfield’s detailed charts are simply epistemologically frozen moments when the individual map was sketched, which were then months or years later reproduced as though they were an unproblematic, even ontological, representation of an environmentally dynamic and climatologically unstable region. Our computational approach paradoxically reinforces our sense that the methods for mapping the natural world during the long eighteenth century cannot be understood apart from observational and biophysical experience—somageography—in a dynamic landscape.
Property tax as the basis of local budgets formation: domestic practice and foreign experience
Authors: Lisnichuk Oksana
Published: September 2019

Nowadays the necessity of studying the foreign experience in property taxation, including the experience of the Federal Republic of Germany (hereinafter Germany), is due to the need of increasing the cash income of municipal formations as well as of enhancing the effectiveness and potential of this tax as a whole. In the works of Ukrainian scientists an analysis of the problems existing in the property taxation system in Ukraine was carried out. In particular, the issues of regulating the real estate tax in Ukraine and improving the taxation system as the basis for local budgets formation are studied by I. V. Gorsky, A. V. Medvedeva, T. G. Lebedinskaya, E. A. Yudin. The problems of property taxation in Ukraine also examined from the point of view of foreign experience and prospects for improvement by Tokar V.V. The author in this article analyzes the actual problems of the formation of municipal budgets at the expense of property tax from the point of view of domestic practice and foreign experience, in part of the experience of taxation of property in Germany. The conducted research showed that due to the use of a market approach to valuation of property as a tax base equal to the conditions of taxation for all subjects of tax relations, as well as an effective system for assessing the value of property that does not allow manipulation, excludes elements of corruption from this process, Germany, has significant achievements in regulating this group of taxes. It is concluded that the introduction of separate elements of the German system of taxation of property, which are considered in this article, into the practice of taxation in Ukraine can increase the overall efficiency of this tax, create conditions for reducing the level of corruption in local government bodies, and give this group of taxes a greater social orientation.
Innovative technologies and tools of analyzing domestic enterprises activity and development management
Authors: Velychko Tetiana
Published: September 2019

The subject of the research is theoretical and practical aspects of the definition and implementation of innovative management technologies and their components in the system of strategic management of agrarian enterprises. The purpose of the work is to identify the factors and competitive advantages of innovative management technologies and to substantiate the mechanisms of their implementation in the system of strategic management of agrarian enterprises. Methodological basis of the article became as general scientific, and special methods of scientific knowledge. Were used methods: dialectical, monographic, historical, system-structural analysis and synthesis, problem and program-target approaches. Results of work. The article considers the content and features of benchmarking as a tool of tactical management and strategic management of enterprise development, achieving their competitiveness. Its main advantage is the maintenance of the current efficiency and the provision of competitive advantages for a long time. Also benchmarking is aimed at improving the quality of products, introducing the benefits and achievements of other enterprises. The basic functions and tasks of benchmarking are substantiated. The efficiency and prospects of its application are determined. The field of application of results. Conclusions and results of the article can be used in the educational-scientific process of the economic faculties of higher educational institutions. It is expedient to transfer them for practical use in the management of enterprises in order to increase its efficiency on an innovative basis. Conclusions. As a powerful quality tool, benchmarking is an indispensable tool for learning the organization. Without it, you will never know which position of the company with regard to competitors and companies of the world level, you will not learn about the new methods necessary for a radical improvement; will not be a way to measure the effectiveness of processes. Benchmarking is not limited to studying the experience of "the work of competitors and world leaders." It is one of the key tools in the process of continuous improvement of any activity, because benchmarking is a systematic comparison of elements of activity with similar elements of more successful activity at macro and micro levels.
Des institutions financières indépendantes (IFI) pour une nouvelle gouvernance des finances publiques
Authors: Le Clainche Michel
Published: September 2019

La notion d’institution financière indépendante est nouvelle, mais pas sans précédent. Elle peut recouvrir des organismes divers qui ont en commun de contribuer à une nouvelle gouvernance des finances publiques
Des Institutions financières indépendantes aux Institutions budgétaires Indépendantes, Un regard externe
Authors: Albert Jean-Luc
Published: September 2019

Le développement depuis une quinzaine d’années de nouvelles institutions, que certains ont d’ailleurs pu présenter comme des enfants de la crise des finances publiques des années « 2000 », constitue un marqueur d’une évolution notable de la lecture des finances publiques avec l’émergence, sous des formes certes différenciées d’un nouveau « pouvoir d’experts ou de contre-experts » en marge de l’exécutif et de son administration. De fait, si l’on perçoit bien encore le rôle des exécutifs, du législatif, d’institutions supérieures de contrôle comme la Cour des comptes, on peut être en droit de s’interroger à la fois sur le développement de cette expertise financière, sur la composition des instances en question et sur l’effectivité de ces nouvelles instances s’agissant des missions qui leur sont dévolues.
La légitimité des Institutions financières indépendantes
Authors: Latare Martine
Published: September 2019

Selon plusieurs modèles, les institutions financières indépendantes en Europe sont chargées d’apprécier les prévisions macroéconomiques fondant les plans budgétaires et d’assurer un suivi des règles budgétaires. Le Haut conseil des finances publiques en France illustre un modèle « mixte » qui dispose des moyens d’exercer son mandat en toute indépendance.
Contribution of natural and anthropogenic emissions of CO2 and CH4 to the atmosphere from the territory of Russia to global climate change in the 21st century
Authors: Denisov S. N. , Eliseev A. V. , Mokhov I. I.
Published: September 2019

Obtained the estimates of the contribution of anthropogenic and natural GHG emissions into the atmosphere from the territory of Russia to global climate change under various scenarios of anthropogenic impact in the 21st century. Accounting for changes in climatic conditions can strongly influence the indicators of the impact of various greenhouse gas emissions on the climate system, especially at large time horizons. Moreover, depending on the planning horizon, the role of the natural fluxes of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere from terrestrial ecosystems may change. Currently, terrestrial ecosystems in the Russian regions affect global temperature in both directions: absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere contributes to slowing its growth, and emitting CH4 into the atmosphere accelerates warming. The net effect of the natural fluxes of these greenhouse gases from the Russian regions in modern conditions helps to slow down warming. This net effect is increasing in the first half of the 21st century, and after reaching a maximum (depending on the anthropogenic emission scenario) decreases by the end of the century under all the considered anthropogenic impact scenarios due to an increase in natural CH4 emissions and a decrease in CO2 absorption by terrestrial ecosystems.
Grenzen der postblairistischen Konstellation
Authors: Puller Armin
Published: September 2019

Der Beitrag betrachtet die aktuelle Lage der Sozialdemokratie aus Perspektive der politischen Strategie und zeichnet die Entwicklung der österreichischen Sozialdemokratie (SPÖ) nach. Aus dieser theoretischen Problematik erscheint das Aufkommen des Blairismus nicht nur als Ergebnis der exogen generierten Schwächung der Identität der traditionellen Sozialdemokratie, sondern als Versuch, die sozialdemokratischen Parteien hinter einem neuen Parteiprojekt zu einen, das die Defensive der 1980er und 1990er Jahre beendete und Parteiführungen taktischen Manövrierraum ermöglichte. Nach dem Scheitern des Blairismus erneuerten sich die sozialdemokratischen Parteien Europas in Richtung einer postblairistischen Strategie, die Kernelemente des Blairismus mit neuen vagen Bezugnahmen auf soziale Gerechtigkeit und ambivalenten Ansätzen zur Wiedergewinnung von ArbeiterInnenmilieus kombiniert. Wie schon die blairistischen Parteienprojekte bietet der Postblairismus jedoch weder ideologische Kohärenz noch innerparteiliche Stabilität. Diese Probleme zeigen sich auch am Beispiel der SPÖ, die basierend auf einer verschobenen politökonomischen Dynamik des Landes einen doppelten Sonderfall des Übergangs vom Blairismus zum Postblairismus bildet.
Editorial
Authors: Redaktion PROKLA
Published: September 2019

Der europäischen Sozialdemokratie droht im Mai 2019 bei den Europawahlen ein Fiasko. Es wird nicht das erste sein und die schlechten Umfragen sind nicht nur eine kurzfristige Erscheinung, sondern Ausdruck eines langjährigen Niedergangs der Sozialdemokratie in Europa. Die goldenen Jahre sozialdemokratischer Wahlerfolge liegen etwa 20 Jahre zurück. Seit den 1990er Jahren unterlag die Sozialdemokratie einem inhaltlichen wie strategischen Transformationsprozess, der als „Marktsozialdemokratie“ (Oliver Nachtwey) bezeichnet werden kann. Die damit einhergehenden Legitimationsdefizite entfernten die europäischen sozialdemokratischen Parteien von ihrer angestammten Klientel. Fortan wollten sie Parteien der „Mitte“ sein. Die Krise seit 2008 beschleunigte den Niedergang, der von einer tektonischen Verschiebung innerhalb des Parteiensystems begleitet ist. Die PROKLA wird die „Krise der (europäischen) Sozialdemokratie“ analysieren und ihre gesellschaftlichen, politischen und ökonomischen Gründe herausarbeiten. Dafür soll die Analyse nicht an der Oberfläche des politischen Alltagsgeschäfts verbleiben, sondern in eine Bestimmung gesellschaftlicher Transformationsprozesse eingebettet werden.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI HARGA SAHAM DAN DAMPAKNYA PADA NILAI PERUSAHAAN (Studi Kasus pada Perusahaan Sub Sektor Pertambangan Minyak dan Gas Bumi yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2013-2017)
Authors: Sunardi Nardi , Permana R Dewangga Indra
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan mengetahui pengaruh baik secara parsial ataupun secara simultan antara ROA, INF, dan SP terhadap nilai perusahaan (Q) pada perusahaan – perusahaan sub sektor pertambangan minyak dan gas bumi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode tahun 2013 sampai dengan periode tahun 2017.Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 8 perusahaan yang dipilih menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh dengan analisis regresi dilakukan didasarkan pada hasil analisis data panel.Penelitian ini menyimpulkan beberapa hal sebagai berikut: Secara Simultan, Return on Asset (ROA), Inflasi (INF) dan Stock Price (SP) dengan f-Statistic 1,871768 < f-tabel 2,87 berpengaruh positif tidak signifikan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan (Q). Sedangkan nilai Adjusted R-square 0,062845 dimana Q dipengaruhi oleh ROA, INF, dan SP sebesar 6,28% dan sisanya sebanyak 93,71% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain diluar penelitian ini. Artinya, secara bersama-sama, Return on Asset (ROA), Inflasi (INF) dan Stock Price (SP) memiliki pengaruh yang positif tetapi tidak signifikan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan (Q) sebesar 6,28%.
The Influence of Brand Equity, Trust, Price, PEOU, and PU on Online Based Crowdfunding Investment
Authors: Yulianto Stefanus , Tanamal Rinabi
Published: September 2019

In this modern era, a lot of that affects the behavior of people in everyday life, such as economic, social, cultural, political, and technological progress. People are beginning to rely on technology to live their activities, from transportation, interaction, browsing, learning, business affairs, to invest. This study aims to determine the effect of Brand Equity, Trust, Price, Perceived Ease of Use, and Perceived Usefulness of purchase intention in an online investment application which in this research will use the expansion of TAM. Data collection methods to be used by the authors is quantitative using questionnaires with the target respondents as much as 100 respondents, the data retrieval process using purposive sampling data. The benefit of research is to know whether Brand Equity, Trust, Price, Perceived Ease of Use, and Perceived Usefulness affect Purchase Intention in an online investment application. Data processing using SPSS regression equation results obtained as follows Y = -0.815 + 0,465 X1 + 0,248 X2 - 0,234 X3 + 0,363 X4 + 0,406 X5, Brand Equity becomes the most influential variables. Thus, it can be concluded that the higher brand of online investment application, so will be increasingly higher purchase intention in online investment application.
PENGARUH CURRENT RATIO DAN DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO TERHADAP EARNING AFTER TAX PADA PT. INDOFOOD SUKSES MAKMUR, Tbk PERIODE 2009-2016
Authors: Pranoto Pranoto , Medawati Medawati
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Current Ratio (CR)  Terhadap Earning After Tax (EAT) ,untuk  mengetahui Pengaruh  Debt to EquityRatio (DER)  dan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Current Ratio (CR)  dan Debt to EquityRatio (DER)  Terhadap Earning After Tax (EAT)  Perusahaan Pada PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur (2009 – 2016).Metode penelitianyang dilakukan penulis dalam menyusun skripsi ini deskriptif kuantitatif yaitu melakukan pembahasan atas permasalahan yang dihadapi perusahaan terhadap kinerja perusahaan dari segi kuangan. Data analisis yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang didapat dari anual report laporan keuangan.Sampel yang digunakan ini  berupa laporan keuangan neraca dan laba rugi pada PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur,tahun  2009 sampai dengan tahun 2016. Untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya  pengaruhPengaruh Current Ratio (CR)  dan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER)  Terhadap Earning After Tax (EAT). Pengujian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analisa deskipsi statistik ,analisa korelasi ,koefesien determinasi ,uji regresi linier berganda uji (t)dan uji (f)Variabel Current Ratio (CR) thitung  sebesar  (-0.558 )  dengan signifikasi 0.601 , dan  Ttabel 2,57058   .Karena Thitung -0558 <  Ttabel  2,57058 , dan  signifikasi  0,601 > 0,05 Jadi dapat disimpulkan  bahwa Current Ratio secara parsial berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap Earning After Tax Pada PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur, Tbk Tahun 2009-2016. Berdasarkan tabel diatas menunjukan nilai Thitung  sebesar  (-1.822 )  dengan signifikasi 0.128 , dan  Ttabel  2,57058 .Karena Thitung (- 1.822 ) <  Ttabel 2,57058 , dan  signifikasi  0,128  > 0,05  . Jadi dapat disimpulkan  bahwa Debt to Equity  Ratio secara parsial berpengaruh  negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap Earning After Tax.3.Fhitung = 2,898, signifikasi sebesar 0,146. Nilai Fhitung  2,898< Ftabel 5,79 , nilai signifikasi 0,146 > 0,05. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa variable independen  (Current Ratio dan Debt to Equity Ratio) berpengaruh  positif  dan tidak signifikan terhadap nilai variabel dependen (Earning After Tax)
DAMPAK URBANISASI BAGI PERKEMBANGAN KOTA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Harahap Fitri Ramdhani
Published: September 2019

This paper discusses the impact of urbanization posed by the rapidly developing city. Urbanization is the result of urban development and economic which ultimately affect the dynamics of the city, especially in contact with the city's ability as an attraction for people to work and live. The impact of urban development is first, physical: land vs land up green, the distribution of urban facilities, transportation networks, patterns of movement to the city center, the development of land use, environmental issues, and slums. Second, socially; unemployment, poverty, and criminalitas.
YANG MINORITAS : YANG TERTINDAS (ANALISIS KONFLIK AHMADIYAH VS "ISLAM")
Authors: Sujadmi Sujadmi
Published: September 2019

Kekuasaan ada di mana-mana, demikian diungkapkan oleh Foucault. Kekuasaan yang dimiliki oleh mayoritas yang tidak jarang membawa adanya konflik dengan pihak minoritas. Sama halnya dengan agama, agama seperti dua sisi mata uang. Di satu sisi kepercayaan memberi jalan menuju perdamaian, tetapi di sisi lain agama dianggap sebagai sumber perpecahan dalam masyarakat. Agama agama mayoritas dianggap sebagai yang kuat atau memiliki kekuatan dalam masyarakat bahkan lebih dominan daripada negara dengan agama lain yang minoritas. Konflik agama sering terjadi di berbagai negara dan bahkan Indonesia pada kenyataannya sebagai negara multikultural dalam agama. Konflik tidak hanya antara agama yang berbeda, bahkan beberapa konflik internal / co-agamawan karena perbedaan dalam penafsiran tulisan suci yang akhirnya mengarah pada anarki. Masalah agama akan sulit diatasi jika kedua belah pihak menggunakan mata mereka untuk mencari kebenaran. Sebagai negara multikultural, semestinya semua pihak dapat saling menghargai dan menghormati satu sama lain serta memahami dan memahami Hak Asasi Manusia yang dimiliki oleh masing-masing indivvidu. Kebebasan beragama adalah salah satu hak yang harus dilindungi. Dalam kasus-kasus minoritas di negara ini, seandainya pemerintah negara dalam hal ini mampu melindungi warganya dan menjunjung tinggi hak asasi manusia dalam pelukan dan meyakini suatu agama.
Dampak Dari Penambangan Timah Inkonvensional Di Desa Lampur Kabupaten Bangka Tengah
Authors: Indra Citra Asmara
Published: September 2019

Lampur village is an area that still has a lot of Tin deposits are characterized by the emergence of a lead-mining-camp camp inkonvensial at many points in this area. Lampur indeed simply a village administratively, but became a mixture of the two districts and some districts. In 2001, when the autonomous region and the rampant mining it, the village became the main destination Lampur miners entrants to dig the Tin. The impact of the change in behavior IT mining village community consumer as well as being perceived Lampur also by the school, when many students are reduced because they prefer to seek fortune in the location of it and the fact it was left by its parents resulting in increased dropout rates.
STRATEGI BERTAHAN (SURVIVAL STRATEGY) : STUDI TENTANG "AGAMA ADAT" ORANG LOM DI DESA PEJEM, KECAMATAN BELINYU, KABUPATEN BANGKA, PROVINSI KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG
Authors: Sulaiman Aimie
Published: September 2019

Lom people are the oldest tribe in Bangka and still maintain and carry out religious practices derived from their ancestral beliefs in daily life. Although at this time the majority of the Lom had converted to Islam, a small portion Christians and Buddhists. Survival strategies that people use their indigenous religion Lom to make this community to the attention of many people to study and conduct research to it. It can be concluded that the values of the belief system Lom contains taboos and rituals that would have a very recognized their significance as a holy and regulations have been passed down from generation to generation. Islam is believed the majority of people only as a symbol Lom and complement their life course, regardless of the pressure caused government requiring them to hold one of the official religions that exist in the Republic of Indonesia. That way they are not said to be a community of atheists, infidels, and primitive. However, due to the dominance of the Lom original belief system is more powerful than the religion of Islam, led to the values of trust is difficult ancestral replaced with the values of other beliefs.
Pengelolaan Warisan Budaya Bangka: Inkonsistensi Kebijakan, Regulasi dan Partisipasi Publik
Authors: Zulkarnain Iskandar
Published: September 2019

This study aimed to describe government policy in managing the cultural heritage as a basis for legal regulation spawned cultural heritage management can strengthen the identity. This study uses qualitative policy analysis. Policy analysis seeks to influence the policy-making process "through research and arguments that not only supports the analysis of "problem", but also an analysis of what options or alternative policies to be taken".
The results showed that the cultural heritage management policy which consists of the management of cultural heritage and the management of cultural heritage objects in Bangka generally been contained in the strategic documents the district level. Strategic documents such as RPJMD, RKPD, Renstra, and RTRW district policy contains clear enough about the efforts to optimize the development of culture and tourism program. But, in terms of implementation of cultural heritage management is still hampered by the absence of regulationsgoverning technical matters in the management of cultural heritage. The issue of the lack of regulation has an impact on the emergence of various internal constraints in the field of culture and tourism as well as cross-sectoral as seen from the unavailability of an expert team of cultural heritage, human resources competent in the field of culture, inconsistent implementation of culture, cultural heritage and knowledge of cultural heritage objects are less effective in the community. This affects the level of public participation in the management of cultural heritage in the future.
Differences in individual demographic factors in the public accountant's ethical judgment process
Authors: Anwar Yuli
Published: September 2019

This research aims to examine the differences in individual demographic factors in the public accountant's ethical judgment process in Indonesia. Data collected using purposive sampling and total of the samples is 301 respondents of accountants in Indonesia. The Result, revealed that: (a) there is no difference in ethical judgment of public accountants based on age, gender, experience, and status and (b) there are differences in ethical judgment of public accountants based on education level. These results revealed that public accountants in carrying out their duties and obligations as external auditors in private and government companies have no difference in terms of ethical judgment when deciding matters related to the audit they are undergoing due to age, gender, experience, and status. The difference in ethical judgment of public accountants in carrying out their duties and obligations when deciding matters related to deciding audit work will be different between public accountants who have S3 and S2 education with S1 and D3. Ethical judgment carried out by those with S3 and S2 education will be more careful in deciding because if it is wrong it will have an impact on the future. Keywords: Demographic Factors, Public Accountant, Ethical Judgment.
Analyzing Stakeholders' Perceptions of the Critical Risk Factors in Oil and Gas Pipeline Projects
Authors: Kraidi Layth , Shah Raj , Matipa Wilfred , Borthwick Fiona
Published: September 2019

Currently, there are enormous Risk Factors (RFs) threating the safety of Oil and Gas Pipelines (OGPs) at all stages of projects. However, there is a lack of information about the root causes of pipeline failures and an absence of trusted data about the "probability and severity" levels of the RFs; this hinders the risk management in such projects. To improve the safety level of OGPs, this paper aims to explore stakeholders' perceptions about pipeline failures issues to analyze the RFs and recommend effective Risk Mitigation Methods (RMMs). Due to the lack of trusted data about the RFs and RMMs, this paper started with extensive investigations to identify the critical RFs and the applied RMMs in OGP projects in different circumstances. The findings of these investigations were used to design a questionnaire survey, which was distributed to analyze the "probability and severity" levels of the RFs and evaluate the "usability and effectiveness" degrees of the suggested RMMs. The survey results revealed that RFs related to Third-Party Disruption (TPD) including sabotage and terrorism, corruption and insecure areas are the most severe RFs. Additionally, based on the survey some RMMs such as anti-corrosion efforts, laying the pipelines underground and using technologically advanced risk-monitoring systems were found to be effective RMMs. These results were found to be varied based on the stakeholders' occupation in the projects; for example, the overall survey results indicated that terrorism and sabotage is the most critical RF, while the planners and the researchers identified corruption as the most critical one. It was also observed that using anti-corrosion measures such as isolation and cathodic protection would be the most effective RMM, while the other stakeholders have different perceptions like moving the pipelines underground an advanced risk-monitoring system are the most effective RMMs as indicated by the consultant, planner or designer and researches respectively.