bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Prognostic indicators of advanced disease
Authors: Kruger Deirdré , Lahoud Nicola , Yako Yandiswa Y. , Devar John , Smith Martin
Published: January 2022

Background/Objectives

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy associated with high metastatic risk. Prognosis remains poor even after resection. Previously our group identified biomarkers that improved diagnostic accuracy in PDAC beyond the established diagnostic tumour marker, CA19-9. Risk factors, symptoms and circulating biomarkers associated with a PDAC diagnosis may differ from those that alter disease progression and metastasis. This study aimed at assessing the risk factors, presenting symptoms and potential prognostic biomarkers in PDAC and determine their relationship with PDAC stage and/or metastatic status.

Methods

Seventy-two PDAC patients with imaging available for TNM staging at presentation were enrolled following informed consent. Demographic and clinical data were captured. Blood was collected and 38 cytokines/angiogenic factors measured. Nonparametric association tests, univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed using STATA version 14.2. A p-value≤0.05 was considered significant and odds ratios reported for effect size.

Results

Most risk factors and symptoms did not differ across the stages of cancer. Although male gender and smoking are risk factors for PDAC, the majority of study patients with metastatic PDAC were non-smoking females. In addition to CA19-9, the platelet count (p<0.01), IL-15 (p = 0.02) and GM-CSF (p<0.01) were significant, independent negative predictors of metastatic PDAC. Moreover, using specific cut-off values in a combined panel, the odds in a patient with all three biomarker levels below the cut-offs is 21 times more likely to have metastatic PDAC (p<0.0001).

Conclusions

Platelet count, IL-15 and GM-CSF are potential prognostic indicators of metastatic disease in PDAC patients from our local South African population.
Multiple positive solutions for a logarithmic Schrödinger–Poisson
system with singular nonelinearity
Authors: Peng Linyan , Suo Hongmin , Wu Deke , Feng Hongxi , Lei Chunyu
Published: January 2022

In this article, we devote ourselves to investigate the following
logarithmic Schrödinger–Poisson systems with singular nonlinearity

{

−
Δ
u
+
ϕ
u
=

|

u

|

p−2

u
log
⁡

|

u

|

+

λ

u
γ

,

i
n

 
Ω
,

−
Δ
ϕ
=

u

2

,

i
n

 
Ω
,

u
=
ϕ
=
0
,

o
n

 
∂
Ω
,

where
Ω
is a smooth bounded domain with boundary
0
<
γ
<
1 ,
p
∈
(
4
,
6
)
and
λ
>
0
is a real parameter. By using the critical point theory for nonsmooth functional
and variational method, the existence and multiplicity of positive
solutions are established.
An Electronic Decision Support Intervention Reduces Readmissions for Patients With Cirrhosis
Authors: Louissaint Jeremy , Grzyb Katie , Bashaw Linda , Mohammad Rima A. , Parikh Neehar D. , Tapper Elliot B.
Published: January 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Rifaximin use in combination with lactulose is associated with a decreased risk of overt hepatic encephalopathy (HE).

METHODS:

We prospectively evaluated the impact of an interruptive electronic medical record alert to indicate rifaximin for patients with cirrhosis and HE on lactulose.

RESULTS:

The intervention was associated increased rifaximin utilization, particularly for nongastroenterology and hospitalist services odds ratio 1.20 95% confidence interval (1.09–1.31). For patients with HE, the intervention was associated with a lower readmission risk–adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio 0.63 95% confidence interval (0.48–0.82).

DISCUSSION:

An interruptive alert in the electronic ordering system was associated with a lower risk of readmissions.
Water and the UN sustainable development goals
Authors: Campos Luiza C. , Olago Daniel , Osborn Dan
Published: January 2022

Editorial call for contributions and invitation to join our synthetic effort and debate on Water and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Towards Good Statistical Practice. CORSTAN Validated Questionnaire for Assessing the Correctness of Statistical Analysis in Medical Research
Authors: Rebrova O. Yu. , Fediaeva V. K. , Aksenov V. A.
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: In evidence-based medicine, the research methodology is determined by the risks of systematic biases and incorrect data analysis. Minimizing both risks increases the internal validity of the study. There are numerous recommendations and guidelines for data analysis and reporting, but the international community has not yet developed a questionnaire for reviewers to assess the quality of statistical analysis.

AIM: To develop a tool for formalized assessment of the quality of statistical analysis presented in scientific medical publications.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The questionnaire was developed based on the authors' decades of experience in statistical data analysis and reviewing the statistical aspects of biomedical articles and dissertations. The SAMPL guidelines, ICH E9, and other guidelines were taken into account when developing the questionnaire. Internal validation of the questionnaire was based on an independent assessment by two experts of 20 randomly selected articles on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from elibrary.ru, and further statistical analysis of the agreement of experts' conclusions.

RESULTS: The CORSTAN (CORrect STatistical ANalysis) questionnaire was developed, which consists of two parts: the first part (10 questions) is intended for evaluating studies of any designs, while the second (following eight questions) is for additional assessment of RCTs. A stratification of the risk of incorrect statistical analysis is proposed. The evaluation of the questionnaire's internal validity showed its substantial and almost perfect agreement for each question and each article both in the sum of points and risk level.

CONCLUSION: The use of the questionnaire will simplify and harmonize the statistical review of publications and manuscripts in various institutions - scientific journals, dissertation boards, etc. The questionnaire can also be helpful for authors during preparing manuscripts; it will also help improve the quality of publications and research itself. We plan to improve the questionnaire as we gain experience in its application.
Adrenal glands stem cells: general signaling pathways
Authors: Glazova O. V. , Vorontsova M. V. , Shevkova L. V. , Sakr N. , Onyanov N. A. , Kaziakhmedova S. A. , Volchkov P. Y.
Published: January 2022

Nowadays stem cells of adult type are attractive in case of active development of cell and genome technologies. They are the target of new therapeutic approaches, which are based on correction of mutations or replenishment of organs, that were damaged by autoimmune reactions, aging or other pathological processes. Also stem cells, including patient-specific (induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, iPSCs), and obtained by differentiation from them tissue cultures and organoids are the closest models to in vivo researches on humans, which gives an opportunity to get more relevant data while testing different therapeutic approaches and pharmacological drugs. The main molecular pathways, that are essential for homeostasis of a cortex of a adrenal gland — compound, structurally and functionally heterogeneous organ, is described the presented review. The adrenal cortex is renewing during the organism’s ontogenesis at the expense of the pool of stem and progenitors cells, which are in tight junctions with differentiated steroidogenic cells and which are under constant control of endocrine and paracrine signals. The understanding of signaling pathways and interactions of different cell types will give an opportunity to develop the most suitable protocols for obtaining cells of adrenal gland cortex in a different stages of differentiation to use them in scientific and medical purposes.
Adiponectin: a pleiotropic hormone with multifaceted roles
Authors: Shklyaev S. S. , Melnichenko G. A. , Volevodz N. N. , Falaleeva N. A. , Ivanov S. A. , Kaprin A. D. , Mokrysheva N. G.
Published: January 2022

Adipose tissue mostly composed of different types of fat is one of the largest endocrine organs in the body playing multiple intricate roles including but not limited to energy storage, metabolic homeostasis, generation of heat, participation in immune functions and secretion of a number of biologically active factors known as adipokines. The most abundant of them is adiponectin. This adipocite-derived hormone exerts pleiotropic actions and exhibits insulin-sensitizing, antidiabetic, anti-obesogenic, anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic, cardio- and neuroprotective properties. Contrariwise to its protective effects against various pathological events in different cell types, adiponectin may have links to several systemic diseases and malignances. Reduction in adiponectin levels has an implication in COVID-19-associated respiratory failure, which is attributed mainly to a phenomenon called ‘adiponectin paradox’. Ample evidence about multiple functions of adiponectin in the body was obtained from animal, mostly rodent studies. Our succinct review is entirely about multifaceted roles of adiponectin and mechanisms of its action in different physiological and pathological states.
Vitamin D metabolite and calcium phosphorus metabolism in in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism on the background of bolus therapy with colecalciferol
Authors: Maganeva I. S. , Pigarova E. A. , Shulpekova N. V. , Dzeranova L. K. , Eremkina A. K. , Miliutina A. P. , Povaliaeva A. A. , Zhukov A. Y. , Bogdanov V. P. , Rozhinskaya L. Ya. , Mokrysheva N. G.
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(ОН)D]) deficiency (<20 ng/mL) and insufficiency (20–29 ng/mL) are common in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), but data regarding the vitamin D metabolism in this population is limited.

AIM: The aim of this study is to estimate the vitamin D metabolites and their relationship with the main parameters of phosphorus-calcium metabolism in patients with PHPT at baseline and on the background of a single dose of cholecalciferol 150,000 IU.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single-center interventional, dynamic, prospective, comparative study has been carried out. The study included 54 participants, divided into two groups: the 1st group included 27 patients with confirmed PHPT, the 2nd control group (n = 27), matched on gender (p = 0.062). The study included 4 visits; the baseline laboratory examination and a bolus dose of cholecalciferol were performed at the visit 1, the subsequent visits included a dynamic laboratory examination.

RESULTS: Vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/ml) was detected in 69% of patients with PHPT. In the PHPT group (before cholecalciferol therapy), there was a direct association of 1.25(OH)2 D3 with albumin-corrected and ionized calcium, as well as between the 25(OH)D3 /24.25(OH)2 D3 ratio with PTH and magnesium. After taking of cholecalciferol, the levels of 1.25(OH)2 D3 and 25(OH)D3 /24.25(OH)2 D3 were significantly increased, and the levels of 25(OH)D3 /1.25(OH)2 D3 were significantly declined at all visits among patients with PHPT. The common 25(OH)D level was comparable to the control group, however the levels of 1,25(OH)2 D3 in patients with PHPT were 55% higher at baseline, and after taking of cholecalciferol 150,000 IU. They remained increased by 3–7 days by an additional 23–36%, significantly higher than those in the control group: 44%, 74% and 65%, at visits 2, 3 and 4, respectively (p<0.05). The taking of 150,000 IU cholecalciferol in the PHPT group did not lead to a significant increase in hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria, which indicates the safety of this dose in patients with mild hypercalcemia (albumin corrected calcium <3 mmol/l). None of the study participants experienced any side effects.

CONCLUSION: The completely comprehensive assessment of vitamin D metabolites was carried out for the first time in patients with PHPT before and after using a bolus dose of cholecalciferol. The results confirmed the differences of vitamin D metabolism in chronic excessive secretion of PTH compared to control group, which is new data in the pathogenesis of the disease, and can be used to develop optimal regimens for cholecalciferol taking in this population.
METHODS FOR EVALUATING THE EFFICIENCY OF TURBOCHARGING SYSTEM OF PISTON ENGINE WITH POWER TURBINE
Authors: Berdnik A. N.
Published: January 2022

The analysis of existing methods for assessing the loss of gases performance in the flow part of turbocharging system of piston engine is presented. It is shown that the exergy method provides a complete picture about of local energy transformations in the intake and exhaust systems of a piston engine, which makes it possible to use it to evaluate the efficiency of turbocharging system of piston engine with power turbine when forcing a piston engine by on the average effective pressure.
A DETERMINATION OF THE SHEAR FORCE OF THIN HIGH-COERCIVITY PERMANENT MAGNETS MADE FROM THE ALLOY WITH RARE-EARTH ELEMENTS
Authors: Krasilʼnikov A. Ya. , Krasilʼnikov A. A.
Published: January 2022

The article considers the possibility of using a standard method for calculating the shear force of thin, high-coercivity neodymium–iron–boron type permanent magnets in magnetic clutches (couplings). The research results allowed to introduce a correction coefficients in the method of calculating the transmitting torque in magnetic clutches (couplings) with thin magnets. The possibility of 08H22N6T brand steel using for magnetic flux conductors manufacturing in a magnetic couplings.
ABOUT THE PERFOMANCE MULTI-PRODUCT MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS
Authors: Kondakov A. I.
Published: January 2022

The multi-product type of modern machine-building production significantly complicates the definition and use of its indicators. Some of them have clear meaning for traditional types of production. However, it is not well defined for multi-product production. This fully applies to the wellknown concept of “productivity” in mechanical engineering. Productivity metrics have traditionally been used as measures of production efficiency. However, they are not formally defined for multiproduct manufacturing. The presented article shows that these systems are collections of separate, but interacting subsystems. They are determined by a multitude of realized technological connections. It can be used several different productivity estimates when analyzing each subsystem. Only the results of the operation of alternative production systems, similar in input and output variables, can be compared in productivity. The productivity of the system grows with an increase in the share of its productive work time in the total time fund of its equipment, which is characterized by the value of the coefficient of extensive equipment use
Som e Fúria no Cinema Brasileiro: Cultura e política desde Pernambuco
Authors: Malcher dos Santos Márcia Vanessa
Published: January 2022

Este ensaio busca evidenciar as disposições políticas do cinema de Kleber Mendonça Filho a partir de seus três longas-metragens de ficção, O som ao redor (2012), Aquarius (2016) e Bacurau (2019), de maneira a apontar a qualidade dos encontros e desencontros de sua obra com a realidade socio-histórica brasileira, especialmente na última década, período marcado pelos protestos massivos de 2013, pela deposição da presidenta Dilma Rousseff (2016) e pela eleição de Jair Bolsonaro (2018). Para tanto, situa Kleber Mendonça como parte da cena contemporânea de cinema de Pernambuco e propõe uma abordagem analítica que articula fatores estéticos e extraestéticos de modo simultâneo. Conclui que essa tríade fílmica, ainda que constituída por formas de prática paradoxais, é uma importante contribuição para pensar o Brasil, a sua história recente e a relação existente entre cultura, política e sociedade.
Diapomontajes: Audiovisuales de transición en el Uruguay de mediados de 1980
Authors: Balás Mariel
Published: January 2022

La intención de este artículo es abordar el uso del diapomontaje como tecnología de transición entre la cinta fotoquímica y la cinta de video. Para ello se pondrán en diálogo dos realizaciones de mediados de 1980 que corresponden a dos productoras uruguayas contemporáneas. Se trata de Destituidos (1984) del Centro de Medios Audiovisuales (CEMA) y La gesta de una conciencia (1985) de la productora Imágenes. El tipo de audiovisual aquí presentado como medio de expresión comunicacional y cultural fue muy utilizado durante la dictadura uruguaya que tuvo lugar entre 1973 y 1985. Se trata de un tipo de realización audiovisual que ha sido poco abordado por la academia. A partir del acercamiento a la técnica del diaporama y de la combinación de los soportes que hacen posible la experiencia audiovisual (fotoquímico de la diapositiva y magnética de la cinta de audio), se analizará la producción de contenidos, el mntaje y la puesta en escena en un caso y otro.
ANDRÓMEDA ou uma Subtil História da Televisão Pública Italiana
Authors: Luís Rita
Published: January 2022

A partir de uma visita à exposição Andrómeda de Luciana Fina, patente nas Carpintarias de São Lázaro entre 21 de maio e 1 de agosto de 2021, esta recensão tenta elaborar uma interpretação histórica da implantação e desenvolvimento do fenómeno televisivo em Itália seguindo as pistas fornecidas pela artista.
ASPECTS OF GREEN MARKETING, PRODUCTS, PRICES, AND BUYING INTEREST AT SUPER INDO OUTLETS
Authors: Sukoco Andreas Ari , Herdioko Jonathan , Krisanta Brigitta Evelyn
Published: January 2022

Green marketing is basically a social marketing concept that protects and builds consumer welfare by paying attention to environmental sustainability. In the business context, the green marketing aspect is starting to become an aspect that is used as the basis for showing the advantages of a business. This study aims to see how green marketing moderates the effect of product and price on consumer buying interest. The aspects studied in this study include product aspects, price aspects, green marketing aspects and their influence on buying interest.

The study was conducted in Yogyakarta with random sampling of Super Indo consumers. Field data collection is carried out in the period from May to July 2021. Data collection is carried out by distributing questionnaires with validity and reliability tests first. Data analysis was carried out using the Regression-Moderation model with product and price aspects as independent variables. Aspects of buying interest as an independent variable, while the green marketing variable as a moderating variable.

The results of this study indicate that product and price aspects in general still have an effect on consumer buying interest. Meanwhile, an understanding of green marketing has a significant influence in moderating the relationship between products and consumer buying interest in Super Indo Supremarket retail.
Edukacja obywatelska w Anglii. Od polityki Partii Pracy do Brexitu – wybrane konteksty polityczne, społeczne i edukacyjne
Authors: Hejwosz-Gromkowska Daria
Published: January 2022

Edukacja obywatelska w Anglii została wprowadzona do szkół, jako odrębny i obowiązkowy przedmiot w 2002 roku. Jej implementacji – poza celami merytorycznymi wyrażonymi w tzw. Raporcie Cricka (1998) – przyświecały również cele polityczne wyrażone w programie Partii Pracy. Szkolna edukacja obywatelska stała się przedmiotem zainteresowań rożnych aktorów społecznych: naukowców, komentatorów, polityków, nauczycieli. Od momentu jej wprowadzenia następowały zmiany w programach nauczania, będących konsekwencją zarówno transformacji politycznych, jak i zmian na szczeblach władzy. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest próba analizy i rekonstrukcji politycznych i społecznych uwarunkowań edukacji obywatelskiej w systemie szkolnictwa obowiązkowego w Anglii. Rozważania zawarte w niniejszym artykule zostały podzielone na cztery kluczowe okresy, obejmujące lata (1998–2020), w których rządy Laburzystów, a następnie konserwatystów dokonywały reform w programach kształcenia mających znaczenie dla szkolnej edukacji obywatelskiej.
The use of emotions in 2019 European Elections campaign materials
Authors: García Hípola Giselle , Antón Merino Javier , Pérez Castaños Sergio
Published: January 2022

This research analyses three fundamental questions to determine how, when and by whom emotions are used in campaign materials (political propaganda). Focusing on the 2019 European elections we carry out a three-phase analysis. Firstly, we check the use of rational content against content that appeals to voters’ emotions. Secondly, we observe which of these emo tions are channelled towards the use of negative strategies and, therefore, identifying who is the object of this attack. And lastly, we determine which party families make the most use of humorous content since this resource is believed to be part of an appeal to voter’s feelings and, therefore, it is essential to know if there are differences between political groups. Considering this analytical strategy, the structure of the work begins with the contextualisation of the 2019 European elections to focus, later, on highlighting the importance of electoral campaigns as a given time when communicative activity intensifies. Once the importance of electoral campaigns has been defined the article analyses how campaign materials, in a general context of political propaganda, are one of the most powerful tools. In this sense, the analytical strategy of political parties’ campaign materials can be said to focus on the use of emotions. Data from the European Elections Monitoring Center (EEMC) has been used not only for theoretical contextualization, but throughout the whole paper.
Modele polityki integracyjnej we współczesnej Europie
Authors: Chybowska Magdalena , Trafiałek Elżbieta
Published: January 2022

Dla Europy integracja migrantów jest dużym wyzwaniem. Zarządzanie migracją stwarza odpowiednie warunki do pełnego wykorzystania potencjału wykształconych, aktywnych i przedsiębiorczych osób, którymi nierzadko są migranci. Różne modele integracji proponowane przez państwa członkowskie UE pozwalają różnie korzystać z potencjału, jaki oni za sobą niosą. W artykule opisano główne modele postaw państw członkowskich wobec migrantów.
Zmiany w polityce antyrasistowskiej Unii Europejskiej w latach 2000–2020
Authors: Burgoński Piotr
Published: January 2022

Celem artykułu było wykazanie, że polityka antyrasistowska UE w latach 2000–2020 uległa zmianie, a następnie zaprezentowanie, na czym owe zmiany polegały i jaki miały charakter. Materiał badawczy stanowiły 62 dokumenty głównych instytucji UE: Komisji, Rady, Parlamentu Europejskiego. Uzyskane rezultaty badań pokazują, że główne zmiany polegały na bardziej zniuansowanym podejściu do walki z rasizmem: dostrzeżeniu różnych grup dotkniętych rasizmem, różnych sposobów doświadczania rasizmu, nowych odmian rasizmu (ekspresywnego, środowiskowego), nowych jego źródeł (politycy i partie polityczne, sztuczna inteligencja). Spośród zmian dotyczących proponowanych środków należy wymienić kładzenie większego nacisku na środki zapewniające równość substancjalną. Odnotować też trzeba wzmocnienie ochrony ofiar rasizmu. Ponadto, nastąpiło zwiększenie liczby jednostek w ramach KE odpowiedzialnych za walkę z rasizmem, a także wzrost liczby zewnętrznych struktur, które wzmacniają możliwości KE w zakresie analizy prawnej i prowadzonych polityk. Odnośnie do sposobu prowadzenia polityki antyrasistowskiej zauważalne jest zwiększenie znaczenia tzw. nowego sposobu zarządzania. Zaobserwowane zmiany nie były radykalne, lecz następowały stopniowo. Miały charakter linearny, tzn. nie oznaczały zerwania z przeszłością. Polegały na przesunięciu akcentów oraz dołożeniu kolejnego elementu, a nie ich wymianie. W związku z tym rozwój polityki antyrasistowskiej UE można scharakteryzować jako szereg działań, które nie konkurują ze sobą, ale się uzupełniają, aby zrealizować określony z góry cel.
Deep learning approach to text analysis for human emotion detection from big data
Authors: Guo Jia
Published: January 2022

Emotional recognition has arisen as an essential field of study that can expose a variety of valuable inputs. Emotion can be articulated in several means that can be seen, like speech and facial expressions, written text, and gestures. Emotion recognition in a text document is fundamentally a content-based classification issue, including notions from natural language processing (NLP) and deep learning fields. Hence, in this study, deep learning assisted semantic text analysis (DLSTA) has been proposed for human emotion detection using big data. Emotion detection from textual sources can be done utilizing notions of Natural Language Processing. Word embeddings are extensively utilized for several NLP tasks, like machine translation, sentiment analysis, and question answering. NLP techniques improve the performance of learning-based methods by incorporating the semantic and syntactic features of the text. The numerical outcomes demonstrate that the suggested method achieves an expressively superior quality of human emotion detection rate of 97.22% and the classification accuracy rate of 98.02% with different state-of-the-art methods and can be enhanced by other emotional word embeddings.
From Liability Shields to Democratic Theory: What We Need from Tort Theory Now
Authors: Feldman Heidi Li
Published: January 2022

In the United States, one startling response to COVID-19 has been a push for so-called “liability shields,” laws modifying tort doctrine so as to largely eliminate tort liability for negligently causing COVID-19. Though not enacted at the federal level, such changes have been adopted in numerous states. This article excavates and articulates the tort theory that lies behind this puzzlingly response to a pandemic. I call the theory “tort deflationism.” Grounded in modern American conservatism and with a doctrinal pedigree dating back to the 1970s, tort deflationism explains and justifies only minimal tort liability, out of deference to non-governmental actors – especially family, church, and business—and suspicion of government competence and power. Other tort theories should reckon with tort deflationism, and I discuss some challenges of doing so. The contest between tort deflationism and other theories speaks to ongoing debates about the legitimacy of law in pluralist democracies. I urge tort theorists to enter these debates and to consider their implications for tort law itself.
Rayleigh anomaly-enabled mode hybridization in gold nanohole arrays by scalable colloidal lithography for highly-sensitive biosensing
Authors: Zhang Zhiliang , Zhao Feng , Gao Renxian , Jao Chih-Yu , Ma Churong , Li Jie , Li Xiangping , Guan Bai-Ou , Cetin Arif E. , Chen Kai
Published: January 2022

Plasmonic sensors exhibit tremendous potential to accomplish real-time, label-free, and high-sensitivity biosensing. Gold nanohole array (GNA) is one of the classic plasmonic nanostructures that can be readily fabricated and integrated into microfluidic platforms for a variety of applications. Even though GNA has been widely studied, new phenomena and applications are still emerging continuously expanding its capabilities. In this article, we demonstrated narrow-band high-order resonances enabled by Rayleigh anomaly in the nanohole arrays that are fabricated by scalable colloidal lithography. We fabricated large-area GNAs with different hole diameters, and investigated their transmission characteristics both numerically and experimentally. We showed that mode hybridization between the plasmon mode of the nanoholes and Rayleigh anomaly of the array could give rise to high-quality decapole resonance with a unique nearfield profile. We experimentally achieved a refractive index sensitivity, i.e., RIS up to 407 nm/RIU. More importantly, we introduced a spectrometer-free refractive index sensing based on lens-free smartphone imaging of GNAs with (intensity) sensitivity up to 137%/RIU. Using this platform, we realized the label-free detection of BSA molecules with concentration as low as 10−8 M. We believe our work could pave the way for highly sensitive and compact point-of-care devices with cost-effective and high-throughput plasmonic chips.
Empirical formulation of broadband complex refractive index spectra of single-chirality carbon nanotube assembly
Authors: Nishihara Taishi , Takakura Akira , Shimasaki Masafumi , Matsuda Kazunari , Tanaka Takeshi , Kataura Hiromichi , Miyauchi Yuhei
Published: January 2022

Assemblies of single-walled carbon nanotubes with a specific chiral structure are promising future optofunctional materials because of their strong light–matter coupling arising from sharp optical resonances of quasi-one-dimensional excitons. Their strong optical resonances, which lie in the infrared-to-visible wavelength region, can be selected by their chiralities, and this selectivity promises a wide range of applications including photonic and thermo-optic devices. However, the broadband complex optical spectra of single-chirality carbon nanotube assemblies are scarce in the literature, which has prevented researchers and engineers from designing devices using them. Here, we experimentally determine broadband complex refractive index spectra of single-chirality carbon nanotube assemblies. Free-standing carbon nanotube membranes and those placed on sapphire substrates were fabricated via filtration of the nanotube solution prepared by the separation method using gel chromatography. Transmission and reflection spectra were measured in the mid-infrared to visible wavelength region, and the complex refractive indices of nanotube assemblies were determined as a function of photon energy. The real and imaginary parts of the refractive indices of the nanotube membrane with a bulk density of 1 g cm−3 at the first subband exciton resonance were determined to be approximately 2.7–3.6 and 1.3i–2.4i, respectively. We propose an empirical formula that phenomenologically describes the complex refractive index spectra of various single-chirality nanotube membranes, which can facilitate the design of photonic devices using carbon nanotubes as the material.
Identificación de genotipos partenocárpicos de Cucurbita pepo L. tipo Grey Zucchini
Authors: Ramìrez Zavala Luis Fernando , Esteves Rangel Daniel , Mireles Arriaga Ana Isabel , Hernández Ruiz Jesùs , Ruiz Nieto Jorge Eric
Published: January 2022

Cucurbita pepo tipo zucchini es una importante hortaliza en la región del Bajío; sin embargo, su producción esafectada por la reducción de las poblaciones de abejas polinizadoras y al efecto de la alteración ambiental en sus hábitos reproductivos. Por lo cual, es fundamental identificar genotipos partenocárpicos capaces de generar frutos sin fecundación ni pérdida de sus características agronómicas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar genotipos partenocárpicos de Cucurbita pepo tipo Grey Zucchini. Los genotipos evaluados provinieron del cruzamiento de seis líneas progenitoras y dos ciclos consecutivos de autofecundación. Se cultivaron en condiciones controladas, identificando 16 partenocárpicos, de los cuales los genotipos GZS193, GZS194, GZS301, GZS148 y GZS171 presentaron los mayores valores en peso y longitud de fruto, mayor número de días de vida de anaquel, morfología del fruto, desprendimiento manual del pedúnculo y resistencia a la cenicilla y el mildiu. Estos genotipos podrían serempelados como progenitores en un siguiente ensayo de cruzamiento para acumular todas las características en unsolo genotipo y mantener la partenocarpia.
New Mechanical Model for Evaluating Bearing Capacity of Prestressed Pipe Piles in Soil: Effect of Soil Layer
Authors: Chen Rongbao , Zhang Jichao , Chen Zeyu , Zhang Xiaoyu
Published: January 2022

Because of the complexity of pile driving into different soil layers, the existing models fail to consider the effect of the soil layers. Thus, this paper develops a new mechanical model for predicting the bearing capacity of prestressed concrete pipe piles (PCPPs) while considering the influence of the soil layers. To this end, 12 PCPPs were constructed in the field for two types of experimental tests: the static load test (SLT) and the high-strain dynamic test (HSDT). The pile and soil properties, such as the settlement of the pile top, the cumulative deformation of the pile body, the side friction, the end bearing of the pile, and the damping coefficient, were measured or calculated. Then, a new mechanical model of the pile driving was proposed to include the influence of the types of the soil layer: sand, silt, silty clay, and highly weathered argillaceous siltstone. The corresponding calculation program based on the developed algorithm was compiled. Furthermore, the results of the SLT and the HSDT were then compared with the numerical data calculated by the developed model. The results demonstrate that the soil-layer type significantly impacts the pile-side or pile-end properties of the soil, such as the maximum elastic deformation and the damping coefficient. The new mechanical model of pile driving provides acceptable prediction data with a maximum difference of 15 % from the results of the SLT and the HSDT. Therefore, the mechanical model of pile driving is potentially useful for predicting the bearing capacity of prestressed pipe piles in the field.
Stopping Interference in Response Inhibition: Behavioral and Neural Signatures of Selective Stopping
Authors: Wadsley Corey G. , Cirillo John , Nieuwenhuys Arne , Byblow Winston D.
Published: January 2022

Response inhibition is an essential aspect of cognitive control that is necessary for terminating inappropriate preplanned or ongoing responses. Response-selective stopping represents a complex form of response inhibition where only a subcomponent of a multicomponent action must be terminated. In this context, a substantial response delay emerges on unstopped effectors after the cued effector is successfully stopped. This response delay has been termed the stopping interference effect. Converging lines of evidence indicate that this effect results from a global response inhibition mechanism that is recruited regardless of the stopping context. However, behavioral observations reveal that the stopping interference effect may not always occur during selective stopping. This review summarizes the behavioral and neural signatures of response inhibition during selective stopping. An overview of selective stopping contexts and the stopping interference effect is provided. A “restart” model of selective stopping is expanded on in light of recent neurophysiological evidence of selective and nonselective response inhibition. Factors beyond overt action cancellation that contribute to the stopping interference effect are discussed. Finally, a pause-then-cancel model of action stopping is presented as a candidate framework to understand stopping interference during response-selective stopping. The extant literature indicates that stopping interference may result from both selective and nonselective response inhibition processes, which can be amplified or attenuated by response conflict, task familiarity, and functional coupling.
Mapping the Good Neighbor
Authors: Flynt Mette
Published: January 2022

American tourism in Mexico increased significantly during the Good Neighbor era. By creating tourist maps, cartographers on both sides of the border participated in an intentional, ideological process of reshaping these tourists’ views of Mexico. They sought to transform Americans’ perceptions not only of Mexicans and their history but also of the physical environment. Their Mexico was a place of contrast, suspended in the romantic past and engaged in modernity. Although cartographers constructed a new Mexico through their maps, they did not challenge perceptions of an asymmetrical power dynamic that had defined U.S.-Mexico relations and the tourism industry at large. Instead, their maps reinforced, reproduced, and contributed to it. Cartographers, like the maps they created, were not passive or inconsequential actors. Analyzing the ideas, relationships, and myths embedded in their maps expands our understanding of transnational tourism, environmental change, selective history, and imagined communities in the twentieth century.
Characterization of the liquefaction residue from corn stalk and its biomass components using polyhydric alcohols with phosphoric acid
Authors: Zhang Yan , Liu Zhong , Liu Haitang , Hui Lanfeng , Wang Huimei , Liu Haoyue
Published: January 2022

Biomass liquefaction is a major process used to obtain fuel additives, valuable chemicals, and high-quality activated carbon. In this work, three major biomass components (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) and corn stalk were liquefied, and the corresponding liquefaction residue yields were 0.62%, 14.56%, 1.98%, and 1.29%, respectively, using polyhydric alcohols and acid catalysis under atmospheric pressure. The liquefaction residues from the corn stalk and biomass components were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis, pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the corn stalk residues were mainly large molecules produced by interactions of some small molecules and incompletely degraded cellulose; condensation polymers generated from the reaction of degraded substances derived from lignin or hemicellulose; and insoluble components containing reactants from the degraded substances of the three major components and the insoluble substances generated by the liquefaction agents during the process.
Локалізація сферичної феромагнітної мікрочастинки під дією швидко осцилюючого магнітного поля в потоці рідини
Authors: Горобець О.Ю. , Потьомкін М.М.
Published: January 2022

Запропоновано модель магнітного пінцета в зовнішньому швидко осцилюючому магнітному полі, яка дозволяє досліджувати рух магнітом'якої феромагнітної мікрочастинки в магнітній пасці та локалізувати її в умовах потоку рідини. Зроблено оцінки сили та частоти зовнішнього швидко осцилюючого магнітного поля, а також розміри сферичної мікрочастинки. Розраховано траєкторію руху сферичної мікрочастинки.
Hypokalemia Measurement and Management in Patients With Status Asthmaticus on Continuous Albuterol
Authors: Cox Courtney , Patel Krishna , Cantu Rebecca , Akmyradov Chary , Irby Katherine
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE

Status asthmaticus is commonly treated in pediatric patients by using continuous albuterol, which can cause hypokalemia. The primary aim of this study was to determine if serial potassium monitoring is necessary by examining treatment frequency of hypokalemia.

METHODS

This retrospective analysis was performed in 185 pediatric patients admitted with status asthmaticus requiring continuous albuterol between 2017 and 2019. All patients were placed on intravenous fluids containing potassium. The primary outcome measure was the treatment of hypokalemia in relation to the number of laboratory draws for potassium levels. The secondary outcome measure was hypokalemia frequency and relation to the duration and initial dose of continuous albuterol.

RESULTS

Included were 156 patients with 420 laboratory draws (average, 2.7 per patient) for potassium levels. The median lowest potassium level was 3.40 mmol/L (interquartile range, 3.2–3.7). No correlation was found between initial albuterol dose and lowest potassium level (P = .52). Patients with hypokalemia had a mean albuterol time of 12.32 (SD, 15.76) hours, whereas patients without hypokalemia had a mean albuterol time of 11.50 (SD, 12.53) hours (P = .29). Potassium levels were treated 13 separate times.

CONCLUSIONS

The number of laboratory draws for potassium levels was high in our cohort, with few patients receiving treatment for hypokalemia beyond the potassium routinely added to maintenance fluids. Length of time on albuterol and dose of albuterol were not shown to increase the risk of hypokalemia. Serial laboratory measurements may be decreased to potentially reduce health care costs, pain, and anxiety surrounding needlesticks.
Remote Monitoring of Patient- and Family-Generated Health Data in Pediatrics
Authors: Foster Carolyn , Schinasi Dana , Kan Kristin , Macy Michelle , Wheeler Derek , Curfman Allison
Published: January 2022

In this article, we provide an overview of remote monitoring of pediatric PGHD and family-generated health data, including its current uses, future opportunities, and implementation resources.
Y al fin, ¿en dónde nos deja el enfoque comunicativo?
Authors: Alfonso Quitian Tania Cristina
Published: January 2022

A más de medio siglo de la aparición del enfoque comunicativo, seguimos hablando de él como sinónimo de éxito e innovación en la enseñanza de lenguas. Pero su popularidad puede no traducirse en la práctica real de los principios comunicativos en el aula. Esta revisión bibliográfica explora las concepciones actuales de lo comunicativo y las replantea a la luz de los influjos teóricos que ha recibido el enfoque a lo largo de su historia. Paralelamente, revisa las diversas aplicaciones que la teoría ha tenido en la enseñanza de lenguas y los problemas que han surgido para cada modelo. Termina con un ejemplo de lo que podría hacerse en el campo metodológico tras estudiar cuidadosamente los principios comunicativos. En últimas, la cuestión sobre cómo enseñar (comunicativamente) de la mejor manera sigue abierta a propuestas informadas y contextualmente situadas.
Sobre o realismo socialista brasileiro de Jorge Amado
Authors: Hespanhol Peruchi Camila , Akcelrud Durão Fabio
Published: January 2022

Neste artigo, interpretamos os primeiros romances de Jorge Amado como um exemplo privilegiado do realismo socialista brasileiro. Argumentamos que ele é caracterizado por uma mistura de negatividade na descrição da opressão social e de positividade na essência redentora do popular. Sobre o primeiro, pode-se mencionar a exploração de Amado do mundo dos pobres, seu estilo coloquial e a descrição vívida da dominação capitalista; sobre o último, um investimento transcendente no povo, no heroi e no partido. A conclusão é que essa combinação gera uma mitologia brasileira que ajuda a explicar a virada de Jorge Amado em sua escrita pós-comunista.
“Lázaro: eu sou a tua morte”: imagens de Lázaro em Sylvia Plath e Hilda Hilst
Authors: André Willian , Oliveira Amaral Lara Luiza
Published: January 2022

Neste artigo apresentamos algumas reflexões sobre a releitura do personagem bíblico Lázaro em duasproduções literárias do século 20: o poema “Lady Lazarus”, de Sylvia Plath, e a narrativa Lázaro, de Hilda Hilst. Por meio dessa leitura comparada —que aqui se apresenta não tanto uma estrutura fechada de tópicos, mas sim em fragmentos reflexivos abertos, acentuados por certo exercício de estilo—, procuramos mostrar e comentar formas modernas de apropriação de uma narrativa que remonta aos primórdios da cultura ocidental. Para reforçar o elemento intertextual, tangenciamos outras releituras sobre o mesmo personagem, e, principalmente, recorremos a ponderações sobre as temáticas da angústia e da morte. O percurso reflexivo mostra uma apropriação de Lázaro que se constrói em caráter de subversão, mantendo a ressurreição do personagem não para mostrar o triunfo da vida sobre a morte, mas sim o seu oposto.
A (des)figuração da dramaturgia de Tennessee Williams a partir da obra de Yukio Mishima
Authors: Toledo Luis Marcio Arnaut de
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho apresenta a fase japonesa (1957-1969) de Tennessee Williams. Para tanto, concentra sua investigação na influência do dramaturgo Yukio Mishima, dos teatros Nô e Kabuki e das estéticas contraculturais do off e off-off-Broadway nas chamadas late plays. Dessa forma, o artigo contextualiza o conjunto de obras desse período, além de revelar as circunstâncias social, histórica, cultural e biográfica do dramaturgo. Também identifica expedientes que as tornaram distintas daquelas obras mais celebradas: autodestruição, canibalismo, violência extrema e morte. Assim, conclui-se que Williams desenvolve uma narrativa que explora o vazio, a quietude, o silêncio, a incompletude, a ambiguidade da vida e da morte, a cultura e as doutrinas orientais, além da metateatralidade.
Traducir a Dante otra vez: traducciones argentinas y rusas recientes de la Commedia (2015-2021)
Authors: Belousova Anastasia
Published: January 2022

El artículo discute las traducciones de la Commedia (completas y parciales), publicadas en Argentina y Rusia entre 2015 y 2021. En ambos casos se trata de retraducciones: la Commedia no solo había sido traducida varias veces en cada contexto nacional, sino que algunas de estas traducciones contaban con un estatus canónico. El artículo parte de las propuestas teóricas de la traductología moderna, de los estudios de la Weltliteratur y de las transferencias culturales, para proponer una reflexión sobre las razones que determinaron el interés renovado por Dante en los dos países. Después de una reseña de los panoramas dantescos nacionales, se identifican semejanzas y diferencias en la fortuna contemporánea del poema y se discuten las tendencias más importantes en su traducción y recepción. Se toman en consideración las versiones de Jorge Aulicino, Alejandro Crotto, Claudia Fernández Speier, Olga Sedakova, Román Dubrovkin y Kristina Landa.
Effect of kaolin waste annealing on the structural and thermal behavior of poly(ε−caprolactone)
Authors: Filho Edson A. S. , Luna Carlos B. B. , Silva Adriano L. , Ferreira Eduardo S. B. , Araújo Edcleide M. , Costa Ana C. F. M.
Published: January 2022

The heat treatment effect on kaolin waste from mining was evaluated on the structural and thermal behavior of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL). The PCL/KW (kaolin waste) and PCL/HTKW (heat-treated kaolin waste) composites were processed in an internal mixer and subsequently characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The kaolin waste showed kaolinite and quartz in its composition, while the heat treatment at 1200°C modified it to mullite, quartz and silica-rich amorphous phase. By XRD, there was an increase in the intensity of the peak 2θ = 23.9° of the PCL/KW composites compared to neat PCL. In contrast, PCL/HTKW composites tended to reduce the intensity of the peak 2θ = 23.9°, especially at 5% HTKW. The crystalline melting temperature and the degree of crystallinity of PCL/KW and PCL/HTKW composites were practically unchanged, compared to PCL. However, the crystallization process was more effective with the kaolin waste (KW) without heat treatment, indicating that the HTKW amorphous phase inhibited crystallization. The PCL/KW development promoted an increase in crystallization temperature, relative crystallinity, and crystallization rate, surpassing PCL and the PCL/HTKW system. In view of this, kaolin waste has the potential to accelerate the PCL crystallization process, contributing to add value to a material that would otherwise be discarded and minimizing environmental impacts.
Redes y gobernanza del riesgo de desastre en Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Calderón Ramírez Daniel Ricardo , Frey Klaus
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo parte del contexto general de la gestión del riesgo de desastres y los procesos de generación de resiliencia, los cuales son analizados como fenómenos de construcción social a partir de la perspectiva analítica de las redes de gobernanza interactiva, teniendo como objeto empírico de la investigación el Sistema Distrital de Gestión de Riesgos y Cambio Climático de la ciudad de Bogotá. Por medio de la metodología del Análisis de Redes Sociales (ars) se analiza cómo, en este sistema sociopolítico, intervienen el carácter de complejidad, diversidad y dinamismo de las relaciones sociales, las cuales generan una gobernanza interactiva que permite involucrar diferentes tipos de actores, logrando reducir el riesgo y la vulnerabilidad ante la incertidumbre ligada a diferentes tipos de amenazas. Al final, se concluye que la generación de arreglos institucionales y la voluntad política en generar acuerdos de cooperación y participación de los diferentes actores sociales, junto con la percepción social del riesgo, son factores importantes que influyen en la construcción social de la resiliencia en ciudades.