bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geração e gestão de ideias: o projeto ideando como estratégia local para a inovação
Authors:   Universidade da Região de Joinville, Tamanine Andréa Maristela Bauer , Rank Sueli Maria Weiss ,   Universidade da Região de Joinville, Hubner Jucilei Geraldo ,   Universidade da Região de Joinville
Published: January 2019

O artigo se pauta na apresentação do projeto IDEANDO, aprovado pela Universidade da Região de Joinville – Univille - para execução no biênio 2018-2019. A proposta está baseada na estratégia de interação entre ensino-pesquisa e extensão da Univille e se constitui em atividades sistematizadas voltadas à geração de ideias inovadoras. Além disso, o projeto visa levantar cenário das instituições que configuram o ecossistema local de inovação e promover a integração destes atores no ciclo de gestão de ideias até a fase de implementação, momento em que a inovação poderá ser oportunizada. Os principais resultados desejados são uma metodologia de trabalho para geração e gestão de ideias que possa ser compartilhada; uma plataforma online de demandas tecnológicas e sociais e com um mapeamento das instituições que formam o ecossistema de inovação da região que envolve os municípios de São Bento do Sul, Rio Negrinho e Campo Alegre.
Estado nutricional en las personas con insuficiencia cardíaca crónica y/o enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica. Impacto en la calidad de vida y en las exacerbaciones
Authors: Sáez Rubio Gema , Fabrellas Núria , Martín Peña Natividad , Coiduras Charles Alicia , Rodriguez Pérez Eva María , Hernández Ibáñez Rosario
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: Conocer el estado nutricional de los pacientes con Insuficiencia cardiaca (IC) y/o Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) atendidos en un centro de atención primaria de la ciudad de Barcelona y describir las características clínicas y sociodemográficas que puedan tener relación con el estado nutricional.Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal, durante los meses del 2014. En las visitas realizadas por enfermería, se recogieron las siguientes variables: en el caso de la IC grado de funcionalidad mediante la escala NYHA, en el caso de la EPOC, Grado de disnea mediante la escala BMRC. En ambos se determina el IMC, se administra la escala MNA, se valora el nivel de actividad física y la calidad de vida a través de la escala EQ-5D.Resultado: De los 192 participantes, el 59,4% eran Hombres y la media de edad de 77,64 años(ds10,12). De las enfermedades estudiadas el 40,1% eran IC, el 45,8% EPOC y ambas enfermedades el 14,1%. El riesgo de malnutrición fue del 11,4% de las personas con EPOC, el 16,9% de las personas con IC y el 33,3% de las personas con ambas patologías.(P 0,028)Al hacer la regresión logística con el resto de variables, el único factor asociado es el sexo, obteniendo los Hombres un OR 3 (1,008-8,95).Conclusiones El estado nutricional empeora cuando se padecen las dos patologías de manera concomitante.En la malnutrición o en el riesgo de padecerla, el sexo juega un papel muy importante..

Targets: To know the nutritional status in patients with heart failure (HF) and with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cared in a Barcelona’s primary health center and to describe the clinical and socio-demographic characteristics which may be related with the nutritional status.Method: A transversal descriptive study was performed during de year 2014. In nursing visits the following variables were collected: in HF patients, levels of functionality based in NYHA scale, in COPD patients, dyspnea grade based in BMRC scale. In both cases the body mass index (BMI) was determined; MNA scale is used, and also the physical activity and quality of life is evaluated by the EQ-5D scale.Results: Of the 192 participants, 59, 4% were men and had a mean age of 77, 64 years (ds10, 12. Of the studied diseases, 40, 1% were HF, 45, 8% COPD and 14, 1% both diseases). The risk of malnutrition was 11, 4% in COPD patients, 16, and 9% in people with HF and 33, 3% in both HF and COPD patients. (P 0,028)With the logistic regression with the other variables, the only associated factor was gender, having men an OR 3 (1,008-8, 95)Conclusions: The nutritional status gets worse in people with both pathologies in concomitantly way.Gender plays a crucial role in malnutrition or risk of the disease.
Om Grue-Sørensen og begrebet ’opdragende undervisning’ (Kant, Herbart) som almenpædagogisk kategori
Authors: Pio Frederik
Published: January 2019

Grue-Sørensen’s concept of ’educational teaching’ is traced back to an original infl uence from Herbart and Kant. On this background the article attempts to interpret, how one can understand a concept of educationalteaching today. With that, the concept is shown to have its root in a tradition of general education and Grue-Sørensen is shown to be a Danish representative of this. However, in research programs as well as educational programs this tradition has generally been under increasing pressure the last approximately 30 years. Grue-Sørensen and his possible relevance today is discussed in connection with a potential revitalization of a general educational thinking in our current postmodern epoche of higher education.
The Crohn’s disease polymorphism, ATG16L1 T300A, alters the gut microbiota and enhances the local Th1/Th17 response
Authors: Lavoie Sydney , Conway Kara L , Lassen Kara G , Jijon Humberto B , Pan Hui , Chun Eunyoung , Michaud Monia , Lang Jessica K , Gallini Comeau Carey Ann , Dreyfuss Jonathan M , Glickman Jonathan N , Vlamakis Hera , Ananthakrishnan Ashwin , Kostic Aleksander , Garrett Wendy S , Xavier Ramnik J
Published: January 2019

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is driven by dysfunction between host genetics, the microbiota, and immune system. Knowledge gaps remain regarding how IBD genetic risk loci drive gut microbiota changes. The Crohn’s disease risk allele ATG16L1 T300A results in abnormal Paneth cells due to decreased selective autophagy, increased cytokine release, and decreased intracellular bacterial clearance. To unravel the effects of ATG16L1 T300A on the microbiota and immune system, we employed a gnotobiotic model using human fecal transfers into ATG16L1 T300A knock-in mice. We observed increases in Bacteroides ovatus and Th1 and Th17 cells in ATG16L1 T300A mice. Association of altered Schaedler flora mice with B. ovatus specifically increased Th17 cells selectively in ATG16L1 T300A knock-in mice. Changes occur before disease onset, suggesting that ATG16L1 T300A contributes to dysbiosis and immune infiltration prior to disease symptoms. Our work provides insight for future studies on IBD subtypes, IBD patient treatment and diagnostics.
Factors affecting template switch recombination associated with restarted DNA replication
Authors: Jalan Manisha , Oehler Judith , Morrow Carl A , Osman Fekret , Whitby Matthew C
Published: January 2019

Homologous recombination helps ensure the timely completion of genome duplication by restarting collapsed replication forks. However, this beneficial function is not without risk as replication restarted by homologous recombination is prone to template switching (TS) that can generate deleterious genome rearrangements associated with diseases such as cancer. Previously we established an assay for studying TS in Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Nguyen et al., 2015). Here, we show that TS is detected up to 75 kb downstream of a collapsed replication fork and can be triggered by head-on collision between the restarted fork and RNA Polymerase III transcription. The Pif1 DNA helicase, Pfh1, promotes efficient restart and also suppresses TS. A further three conserved helicases (Fbh1, Rqh1 and Srs2) strongly suppress TS, but there is no change in TS frequency in cells lacking Fml1 or Mus81. We discuss how these factors likely influence TS.
A toolbox of IgG subclass-switched recombinant monoclonal antibodies for enhanced multiplex immunolabeling of brain
Authors: Andrews Nicolas P , Boeckman Justin X , Manning Colleen F , Nguyen Joe T , Bechtold Hannah , Dumitras Camelia , Gong Belvin , Nguyen Kimberly , van der List Deborah , Murray Karl D , Engebrecht JoAnne , Trimmer James S
Published: January 2019

Generating recombinant monoclonal antibodies (R-mAbs) from mAb-producing hybridomas offers numerous advantages that increase the effectiveness, reproducibility, and transparent reporting of research. We report here the generation of a novel resource in the form of a library of recombinant R-mAbs validated for neuroscience research. We cloned immunoglobulin G (IgG) variable domains from cryopreserved hybridoma cells and input them into an integrated pipeline for expression and validation of functional R-mAbs. To improve efficiency over standard protocols, we eliminated aberrant Sp2/0-Ag14 hybridoma-derived variable light transcripts using restriction enzyme treatment. Further, we engineered a plasmid backbone that allows for switching of the IgG subclasses without altering target binding specificity to generate R-mAbs useful in simultaneous multiplex labeling experiments not previously possible. The method was also employed to rescue IgG variable sequences and generate functional R-mAbs from a non-viable cryopreserved hybridoma. All R-mAb sequences and plasmids will be archived and disseminated from open source suppliers.
Effects of dredging on the vegetation in a small lowland river
Authors: Stępień Edyta , Zawal Andrzej , Buczyński Paweł , Buczyńska Edyta , Szenejko Magdalena
Published: January 2019

Background

Conventional river engineering operations have a substantial influence on the fluvial ecosystem. Regulation and channelization generally reduce the physical heterogeneity of river beds and banks and the heterogeneity of habitats. They determine the character, diversity and species richness of plant communities. The effect of river regulation on vegetation has been repeatedly investigated, but few studies have been conducted within reaches of previously regulated rivers. The aim of this work is to expand and current knowledge about the impact of dredging on the vegetation of a regulated section of a lowland river.

Materials & Methods

The study included pre-dredging (1 year before) and post-dredging surveys (results 1 and 2 years after dredging). The vegetation was analysed in terms of species composition, origin of species, life forms, distribution of Grime’s life strategies, and selected ecological factors. The Shannon–Wiener biodiversity index (H) and evenness were also analysed in each year of the study. The impact of dredging on the vascular flora was assessed by ‘before-after-control-impact’ (BACI) analysis.

Results

The number of species and biodiversity as measured by the Shannon–Wiener index (H) increased in the analysed section of the river valley. However, enrichment of the flora was observed only on the floodplain, on the surface of the deposited dredging material, while the number of species in the river channel decreased, as dredging of the river bed and levelling of the banks had markedly reduced habitat diversity. Although species richness in the second year after the dredging approached the values recorded before the intervention, the absence of particularly species or phytocenoses associated with shallow river banks and sandbars was still observed. The change in habitat conditions and the destruction of the vegetation cover during the dredging enabled penetration by numerous previously unrecorded alien species of plants and apophytes. There was a perceptible increase in the role of therophytes in the flora. It is worth noting that the number of alien species and therophytes declined significantly in the second year after the dredging. Analysis of the proportions of species representing various life strategies showed that previously unrecorded species with the type R (ruderal) life strategy had appeared, representing by pioneer species occurring in frequently disturbed habitats. There was also a marked increase in the share of species representing the mixed C-R (competitive-ruderal) strategy, occurring in habitats with low levels of stress, whose competitive abilities are limited by repeated disturbances. By the second year after the dredging, however, these changes were largely no longer observed.

Conclusions

Through appropriate maintenance of the regulated river, it can be rapidly recolonized by vegetation after the procedure, but it may lead to the loss of some species and phytocoenoses.
Evaluation of Pain, Stress and Coping in Puerperal Women After Cesarean Section / Avaliação da dor, Estresse e Coping em Puérperas no Pós-Operatório de Cesárea
Authors: Da Rosa Friedrich Vania , Pereira Portella Guerreiro Monique , Rieth Benetti Eliane Raquel , Sonego Gomes Joseila , Kirchner Rosane Maria , Fernandes Stumm Eniva Miladi
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: Avaliar dor, estresse percebido e coping em puérperas pós cesárea. Métodos: Estudo transversal, quantitativo, com 65 puérperas em um hospital geral. Foram incluídas puérperas no Pós Operatório de cesárea, com queixas e/ou sinais de dor nas últimas 24 horas. Coleta de dados de abril a julho de 2014, com Formulário de caracterização sociodemográfica/clínica, Questionário McGill de Dor, Escala de Estresse Percebido e Inventário de Estratégias de Coping. Foi realizada análise estatística. Projeto aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da Unijuí, CAAE nº 26726014.0.0000.5350. Resultados: 46,4% referiram dor severa; 64,6% dor “enjoada”. Dentre as puérperas, 83,1% foram classificadas em médio estresse e, a Reavaliação Positiva foi o fator de coping mais utilizado. Conclusão: Pelo procedimento cirúrgico a saúde biopsicossocial da puérpera pode ficar comprometida pela presença da dor, entretanto a utilização de estratégias de coping focadas no problema pode favorecer o enfrentamento dos estressores de forma positiva.
Validation Assessment of Irregular Antibodies Investigation at the Regional Blood Center in Montes Claros City / Avaliação da Validação da Pesquisa de Anticorpos Irregulares no Hemocentro Regional de Montes Claros
Authors: Aguiar Karina Marini , Mota Debora Cristina de Jesus , Aguiar Rafael Candido Alves , E Silva Caroline Nogueira Maia , Rocha Larubia Cordeiro , Loures Giovani de Souza
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: Analisar a validação da pesquisa de anticorpos irregulares (PAI) através da utilização do reagente Controle de Coombs em amostras sanguíneas coletadas de Fevereiro de 2015 à Agosto de 2016. Métodos: Estudo de natureza observacional, retrospectiva e prospectiva, apresentando procedimentos técnicos de caráter documental, a ser realizado no Laboratório de Imunohematologia do Hemocentro Regional de Montes Claros - MG. Resultados: Foi observado durante a pesquisa que após a não validação de alguns testes e realizada a repetição dos mesmos isoladamente, não foi constatado a validação sendo necessário outra repetição até que essa amostra validasse. Esse fato levanta a possibilidade de outras interferências além das conhecidas e discutidas, uma vez que a repetição foi realizada isoladamente analisando criticamente todas as etapas do processo. Conclusão: O baixo percentual de resultados não validados ratifica que o teste de validação antiglobulínico é um bom método para confirmar o resultado da pesquisa de anticorpos irregulares.
The Patient Safety Culture of a Nursing Team From a Central Ambulatory / A Cultura de Segurança do Paciente da Equipe de Enfermagem de um Ambulatório Centra
Authors: Picolotto Aline , Barella Daniela , Moraes Fernando Roberto , De Gasperi Patrícia
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: identificar a cultura de segurança do paciente dos profissionais da equipe de enfermagem de um Ambulatório Central. Métodos: estudo de abordagem quantitativa do tipo Survey transversal. A coleta dos dados foi realizada no primeiro semestre de 2015, com auxílio do questionário Safety Attitudes Questionnaire. A amostra foi composta por três enfermeiros e cinco técnicos de enfermagem. Resultados: nenhuma das dimensões alcançou a média mínima (75 pontos) para uma cultura de segurança do paciente adequada. Conclusão: percebe-se a necessidade de uma mudança cultural, sendo necessária uma atuação conjunta entre a equipe e gestores para alcançar índices adequados. A cultura de segurança do paciente deve ser constantemente avaliada. Sugere-se a aplicação do SAQ em todas as equipes deste ambulatório, uma vez que o cuidado multidisciplinar proporciona uma assistência de qualidade à comunidade assistida. Descritores: Segurança do paciente; Enfermagem; Instituições de assistência ambulatorial.
The Art and Science of Caring: Appreciation, Established and Outsiders in the Autonomy of the Nursing Liberal / Arte e Ciência do Cuidar: Alteridade, Estabelecidos e Outsiders na Autonomia do Enfermeiro como Profissional Liberal
Authors: Alexandre Ana Carla Silva , Oliveira da Silva Júnior José Nilton , Bezerra Silva Erica Karanine , Galindo Neto Nelson Miguel , Da Costa Leonardo Silva , Rodrigues Kleber Fernando
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: Compreender o processo de construção da autonomia do enfermeiro como profissional liberal. Método: Estudo qualitativo realizado com quatro enfermeiros empreendedores, à luz dos conceitos de “estabelecidos”, outsiders, “alteridade” e “estigmatização”, dos teóricos Norbert Elias, Anthony Giddens e Goffman. Foi utilizada a análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados: Foram identificados enfermeiros autônomos que, de forma sistêmica, encontram-se como outsiders e que sofrem estigmas pelos profissionais, comunidade e pelos próprios outsiders. Conclusão: A autonomia, em enfermagem, alcançada pelos profissionais liberais está, em alguns aspectos, restrita por leis e resoluções que regem a sua atuação. Os profissionais em enfermagem ainda dependem, de uma forma realista, de uma maior organização da categoria e de incentivos na fase acadêmica por meio de disciplinas de empreendedorismo para, assim, buscarem a efetivação de políticas públicas que desburocratizem o exercício liberal da profissão.Descritores: Autonomia Profissional, Enfermagem no Consultório, Cuidados de Enfermagem.
Childbirth Influence Towards the Weaning During Puerperium Period / Influência do Parto Sobre o Desmame No Puerpério
Authors: Vieira Francilene de Sousa , Costa Ederson dos Santos , Sousa Gleciane Costa de , Oliveira Tatyanne Maria Pereira de , Mousinho Neiva Maria de Jesus Lopes
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: analisar a influência do parto sobre o desmame no puerpério. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, descritivo, transversal, de caráter quantitativo. A realização do estudo ocorreu em uma maternidade do município de Caxias-Maranhão. Resultados: a maioria das puérperas eram multíparas, que atingiram o número de consultas recomendadas pelo Ministério da Saúde durante pré-natal, pouco mais da metade (55,9%) tiveram parto vaginal e a grande maioria (71,0%) realizaram a amamentação na primeira hora pós-parto, o que tem favorecido a adesão ao AME refletindo positivamente sobre a saúde da mulher e da criança. Conclusão: a identificação dos fatores associados á interrupção do aleitamento materno durante a consulta pré-natal, assim como, no puerpério, decorrentes do tipo de parto, contribui com planejamento de ações e políticas no sentido de melhorar os índices de desmame precoce.
Occupational Stress: the Exposure of an Emergency Unit Nursing Team / Estresse Ocupacional: Exposição da Equipe de Enfermagem de uma Unidade de Emergência
Authors: Passos Souza Amaral Adaíse , Fontes De La Longuiniere Agnes Claudine , Nunes Machado de Oliveira Santos Júlia , Benemérita Alves Vilela Alba , Sales Vieira Sheylla Nayara , De Jesus Cruz Sanches Gislene
Published: January 2019

RESUMO: Objetivo: Descrever os fatores estressores para a equipe de enfermagem do setor de emergência de um hospital público. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, cujos sujeitos foram enfermeiros e técnicos de enfermagem, utilizou a entrevista semiestruturada e a análise de conteúdo temática de Bardin. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da UESB-BA. Resultados: Os profissionais da equipe de enfermagem da Emergência estão expostos a fatores de riscos psicológicos, inclusive ao estresse ocupacional, devido à sobrecarga de trabalho, à demanda maior do que as condições assistenciais da equipe e ao número insuficiente de profissionais da enfermagem no setor. Conclusão: Percebe-se a necessidade de uma ampla discussão sobre as condições de trabalho destes profissionais e de implementação de ações que visem à melhoria do ambiente, de modo a garantir o direito à sua saúde no trabalho.Descritores: Esgotamento Profissional, Equipe de enfermagem, Saúde do trabalhador.
Social Risk for The Family of Drug Users Hospitalized Due to Physical Injury / Risco Social de Familias de Usuários de Drogas Internados por Trauma Físico
Authors: Sales Camila Cristiane Formaggi , Da Silva Lais Fernanda Ferreira , Dos Reis Lúcia Margarete , Decesaro Maria das Neves , Marcon Sonia Silva , De Oliveira Magda Lúcia Félix
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: Classificar o risco social de famílias de indivíduos internados por trauma físico e usuários de drogas, investigados como eventos sentinela. Métodos: Estudo exploratório-descritivo, realizado em um centro de assistência toxicológica do Paraná, com 30 eventos sentinela - indivíduos internados com diagnóstico de trauma físico associado à intoxicação por drogas de abuso, no período de abril a setembro de 2014. Instrumentos de coleta de dados foram um roteiro para entrevista semiestruturada e a Escala do Risco Familiar de Coelho e Savassi, respondidos por um familiar informante-chave. Os escores foram analisados descritivamente. Resultados: A pontuação dos escores da Escala de Risco Familiar indicou 19 famílias em risco social, sendo nove com Risco máximo, e famílias com percentuais sociodemográficos de camadas populares da população. Conclusão: Tempo de uso das drogas de abuso, desemprego e baixo vínculo social dos eventos sentinela, influenciaram os índices de risco familiar.
Communication in Palliative Care: a Bibliometric Study / Cuidados Paliativos e Comunicação: Estudo Bibliométrico
Authors: Alves Adriana Marques Pereira de Melo , Costa Solange Fátima Geraldo da , Fernandes Maria Andréa , Batista Patrícia Serpa de Souza , Lopes Maria Emília Limeira , Zaccara Ana Aline Lacet
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: Analisar os indicadores bibliométricos acerca da produção cientifica sobre cuidados paliativos e comunicação disseminados em periódicos online no campo da saúde. Método: - Estudo bibliométrico cuja amostra foi composta por 67 artigos, publicados no período de 2007-2016 nas bases de dados Lilacs, MedLine e Scielo. Resultados: A análise dos indicadores mostrou que houve crescimento expressivo das publicações sobre cuidados paliativos e comunicação, nos últimos dez anos, mesmo de forma não progressiva. O ano de 2016 se destacou como o de maior produção de estudos (22%).  Verificou-se a internacionalização dos estudos sobre a temática, tendo em vista que a maioria foi publicada em periódicos internacionais (80,6%), na língua inglesa (76,2%). Conclusão: Existe a necessidade do desenvolvimento de pesquisas com maior nível de evidência na área dos cuidados paliativos e da comunicação, para que possam ser aplicados na assistência ao paciente.
The Consequences of Violence During Pregnancy for Both Fetus and Newborn: Systematic Review / Implicações para o Feto e Recém-Nascido da Violência Durante a Gestação: Revisão Sistemática
Authors: Costa Leite Franciele Marabotti , Gabira Fernanda Garcia , Freitas Priscila Alves , Lima Eliane de Fátima Almeida , Bravim Larrisa Regina , Primo Candida Caniçali
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: Identificar estudos sobre os efeitos para o feto e recém-nascido da violência contra a mulher durante a gestação. Métodos: Revisão realizada nas bases MEDLINE e LILACS. Foram incluídos estudos epidemiológicos analíticos, publicados em inglês, espanhol e português. Resultados: Foram incluídos 27 estudos. Os dados apontam na direção de que a violência na gravidez é risco para a ocorrência de restrição no crescimento intrauterino, nascer pequeno para idade gestacional e maiores níveis plasmáticos de Glutamato, GABA e cortisol. Foi consenso entre os estudos o risco de óbito fetal e neonatal entre as mulheres que vivenciaram o fenômeno da violência no período gestacional. Conclusão: A violência durante a gestação constitui um agravo relevante na saúde pública. Os achados destacam a importância da realização e inicio precoce do pré-natal, pois constitui um espaço importante no rastreamento das violências.
Benefits of the Kangaroo Method: An Integrative Literature Review / Benefícios do Método Canguru: Uma Revisão Integrativa
Authors: Zirpoli Daniela Bellas , Mendes Rosemar Barbosa , Reis Tahoane Silva , Barreiro Maria do Socorro Claudino , Menezes Andreia Freire de
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: Identificar pesquisas existentes na literatura que abordem os benefícios do método canguru. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. As buscas nas bases de dados MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF e SCIELO foram realizadas utilizando os descritores: “método canguru”, “benefício” e “recém-nascido de baixo peso” obedecendo as seis etapas do método considerando os critérios de inclusão. Resultados: Inicialmente foram encontrados 385 artigos nas bases de dados após seleção restaram 19. Do total de artigos analisados 58% abordaram os benefícios no método canguru para o recém-nascido, 16% discutiram os benefícios para a relação mãe e recém-nascido e 16% analisaram os benefícios do método para a instituição. Conclusão: Pode-se perceber que o Método Canguru traz benefícios para instituição, mãe e recém-nascido. Destaca-se a necessidade de novos estudos que avaliem outros benefícios do método canguru como padrão de cuidados a fim de expandir essa tecnologia em saúde que vai além das necessidades fisiológicas.
Asymptotically convergent switching differentiator
Authors: Park Jang‐Hyun , Kim Seong‐Hwan , Park Tae‐Sik
Published: January 2019

A novel switching differentiator with a considerably simplified form is proposed. Under the assumption that the time‐derivative of a time‐varying signal has a Lipschitz constant, it is shown that estimation error is asymptotically convergent to zero. The estimated derivative shows neither chattering nor peaking phenomenon. A differentiator that estimates the first‐order derivative of a signal is first proposed, and, by connecting this differentiator in series, higher‐order derivatives also become available. Simulation results show that the proposed differentiator shows extreme performance improvements compared to the previously established widely used differentiators such as high‐gain observer or higher‐order sliding mode differentiator.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Spirooxindole β‐lactams via Isothiourea‐catalyzed Mannich/lactamization Reaction of Aryl Acetic Acids with Isatin‐derived Ketimines
Authors: Jin Jing‐Hai , Zhao Jianhong , Yang Wu‐Lin , Deng Wei‐Ping
Published: January 2019

An efficient [2+2] annulation strategy that isothiourea catalyst homobenzotetramisole (HBTM)‐catalyzed Mannich/lactamization cascade reaction of carboxylic acids with isatin‐derived ketimines has been disclosed. This protocol affords a range of structurally diverse spirooxindole β‐lactams bearing two vicinal stereogenic centers in good to high yields with good to excellent stereoselectivities.

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Neural function in DCC mutation carriers with and without mirror movements
Authors: Vosberg Daniel E. , Beaulé Vincent , Torres‐Berrío Angélica , Cooke Danielle , Chalupa Amanda , Jaworska Natalia , Cox Sylvia M. L. , Larcher Kevin , Zhang Yu , Allard Dominique , Durand France , Dagher Alain , Benkelfat Chawki , Srour Myriam , Tampieri Donatella , La Piana Roberta , Joober Ridha , Lepore Franco , Rouleau Guy , Pascual‐Leone Alvaro , Fox Michael D. , Flores Cecilia , Leyton Marco , Théoret Hugo
Published: January 2019

Objective

Recently identified mutations of the axon guidance molecule receptor gene, DCC, present an opportunity to investigate, in living human brain, mechanisms affecting neural connectivity and the basis of mirror movements, involuntary contralateral responses that mirror voluntary unilateral actions. We hypothesized that haploinsufficient DCC+/− mutation carriers with mirror movements would exhibit decreased DCC mRNA expression, a functional ipsilateral corticospinal tract, greater “mirroring” motor representations, and reduced interhemispheric inhibition. DCC+/− mutation carriers without mirror movements might exhibit some of these features.

Methods

The participants (n = 52) included 13 DCC+/− mutation carriers with mirror movements, 7 DCC+/− mutation carriers without mirror movements, 13 relatives without the mutation or mirror movements, and 19 unrelated healthy volunteers. The multimodal approach comprised quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) under resting and task conditions, and measures of white matter integrity.

Results

Mirror movements were associated with reduced DCC mRNA expression, increased ipsilateral TMS‐induced motor evoked potentials, increased fMRI responses in the mirroring M1 and cerebellum, and markedly reduced interhemispheric inhibition. The DCC+/− mutation, irrespective of mirror movements, was associated with reduced functional connectivity and white matter integrity.

Interpretation

Diverse connectivity abnormalities were identified in mutation carriers with and without mirror movements, but corticospinal effects and decreased peripheral DCC mRNA appeared driven by the mirror movement phenotype. ANN NEUROL 2019;85:433–442.
Neue Hochleistungs‐LEDs ermöglichen Photochemie für die Nahinfrarot‐sensibilisierte radikalische und kationische Photopolymerisation
Authors: Schmitz Christian , Pang Yulian , Gülz André , Gläser Marina , Horst Joachim , Jäger Martin , Strehmel Bernd
Published: January 2019

Cyaninderivate von Heptamethinen wurden mit Iodoniumsalzen auf ihre Fähigkeit zur Initiierung der radikalischen und kationischen Polymerisation von Tripropylenglykoldiacrylat und Epoxiden des Bisphenol‐A‐diglycidylether untersucht. Ein neuer Nahinfrarot(NIR)‐LED‐Prototyp, der bei 805 nm mit einer Strahlungsintensität von 1.2 W cm−2 emittiert, ermöglicht die Initiierung beider Polymerisationsarten. Dies liefert neue Einblicke in die Photochemie von Cyaninverbindungen des Strukturtyps 1, da die Kombination von photonischen und thermischen Prozessen den Reaktionsweg maßgeblich beeinflusst. Zum ersten Mal wird die Initiierung der kationischen Photopolymerisation von Epoxiden mit solchen NIR‐Absorbern beschrieben, wobei insbesondere Cyanine mit Cyclopentenyl‐ und Diphenylaminogruppen im Zentrum effizient sind. Die selektive Oxidation dieser Verbindung erklärt, weshalb speziell diese Derivate die kationische Polymerisation initiieren. Bei Austausch der Diphenylaminogruppe durch eine Barbituratgruppe in meso‐Position erfolgt hingegen keine Initiierung der kationischen Polymerisation.
Light‐Driven Single‐Electron Transfer Processes as an Enabling Principle in Sulfur and Selenium Multicatalysis
Authors: Breder Alexander , Depken Christian
Published: January 2019

Cooperativity has become a mainstay in the context of multicatalytic reaction design. The combination of two or more catalysts that possess mechanistically distinct activation principles within a single chemical setting can enable bond constructions that would be impossible for any of the catalysts alone. An emerging subdomain within the field of multicatalysis is characterized by single‐electron transfer processes that are sustained by the synergistic merger of sulfur or selenium organocatalysis with photoredox catalysis. From a synthetic viewpoint, such processes have tremendous value, as they can offer new and economic pathways for the concise assembly of complex molecular architectures. Thus, the aim of this Review is to highlight recent methodological progress made in this area and to contextualize representative transformations with the mechanistic underpinnings that enable these reactions.
Nonlocal spatial clustering in automated brain hematoma and edema segmentation
Authors: Tu Wei , Kong Linglong , Karunamuni Rohana , Butcher Ken , Zheng Lili , McCourt Rebecca
Published: January 2019

Hematoma and edema volume are potential predictors of 30‐day mortality rate and functional outcome (degree of disability or dependence in daily activities after a stroke) for patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. The manual segmentation of hematoma and edema from computed tomography scans is common practice but a time‐consuming and labor‐intensive task. Automated segmentation is an appealing alternative, but it is challenging because of the poorly defined boundary between edema and the surrounding healthy brain tissue. There is limited literature on this problem, and we aim to help fill the gap between the theoretical development of segmentation methods and the practical need. Our framework is fully automated and requires no supervision. The method uses nonlocal regularized spatial fuzzy C‐means clustering in the initialization stage and the active contour without edges method in the refinement stage. To evaluate it, we used 30 subjects with different sizes, shapes, and locations of hematoma and edema. Compared with the manual segmentation results from two independent raters, our method performs hematoma segmentation well, with an average dice score coefficient of 0.92. Although there is a lack of ground truth in edema segmentation due to the high inter and intrarater variation, our results are comparable with manual segmentation results.
Plasmid‐encoded protein attenuates Escherichiacoli swimming velocity and cell growth, not reprogrammed regulatory functions
Authors: Virgile Chelsea , Hauk Pricila , Wu Hsuan‐Chen , Bentley William E.
Published: January 2019

In addition to engineering new pathways for synthesis, synthetic biologists rewire cells to carry out “programmable” functions, an example being the creation of wound‐healing probiotics. Engineering regulatory circuits and synthetic machinery, however, can be deleterious to cell function, particularly if the “metabolic burden” is significant. Here, a synthetic regulatory circuit previously constructed to direct Escherichia coli to swim toward hydrogen peroxide, a signal of wound generation, was shown to work even with coexpression of antibiotic resistance genes and genes associated with lactose utilization. We found, however, that cotransformation with a second vector constitutively expressing GFP (as a marker) and additionally conferring resistance to kanamycin and tetracycline resulted in slower velocity (Δ~6 μm/s) and dramatically reduced growth rate (Δ > 50%). The additional vector did not, however, alter the run‐and‐tumble ratio or directional characteristics of H2O2–dependent motility. The main impact of this additional burden was limited to slowing cell velocity and growth, suggesting that reprogrammed cell motility by minimally altering native regulatory circuits can be maintained even when extraneous burden is placed on the host cell. © 2019 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 35: e2778, 2019.
Small‐vessel PCI outcomes in men, women, and minorities following platinum chromium everolimus‐eluting stents: Insights from the pooled PLATINUM Diversity and PROMUS Element Plus Post‐Approval studies
Authors: Guedeney Paul , Claessen Bimmer E. , Mehran Roxana , Kandzari David E. , Aquino Melissa , Davis Scott , Tamis Luis , Wang John C. , Othman Islam , Gigliotti Osvaldo S. , Haghighat Amir , Singh Sarabjeet , Lopez Mario , Giugliano Gregory , Horwitz Phillip A. , Sorrentino Sabato , Underwood Paul , Allocco Dominic , Meredith Ian T. , Batchelor Wayne
Published: January 2019

Objective

We evaluated 1‐year outcomes after platinum chromium everolimus‐eluting stents (PtCr‐EES) in small versus non‐small coronary arteries within a large, diverse sample of men, women, and minorities.

Background

There exists limited outcomes data on the use of second‐generation drug‐eluting stent to treat small diameter coronary arteries.

Methods

We pooled patients from the PLATINUM Diversity and PROMUS Element Plus stent registries. Small‐vessel percutaneous coronary intervention (SV‐PCI) was defined as ≥1 target lesion with reference vessel diameter (RVD) ≤2.5 mm. Endpoints included major adverse cardiac event (MACE; death, myocardial infarction [MI] or target vessel revascularization [TVR]), target vessel failure (TVF; death related to the target vessel, target vessel MI or TVR) and definite/probable stent thrombosis (ST). Multivariable Cox regression was used to risk‐adjust outcomes.

Results

We included 4,155/4,182 (99%) patients with available RVD, of which 1,607 (39%) underwent small‐vessel PCI. SV‐PCI was not associated with increased MACE (adjHR 1.02; 95%CI 0.81–1.30) or TVF (adjHR 1.07; 95%CI 0.82–1.39). MI risk was lower in white men compared to women and minorities, both in the setting of SV‐PCI (adjHR 0.41; 95%CI 0.23–0.74 and adjHR 0.39; 95%CI 0.20–0.75, respectively) and for non‐SV‐PCI (adjHR 0.61; 95%CI 0.38–0.99 and adjHR 0.45; 95%CI 0.27–0.74, respectively). There was no significant interaction between RVD and sex or minority status for any endpoint.

Conclusion

In a large diverse contemporary PCI outcomes database, SV‐PCI with PtCr‐EES was not associated with increased MACE or TVR and did not account for the increased MI risk noted in women and minorities compared to white men.
Age‐related central regulation of orexin and NPY in the short‐lived African killifish Nothobranchius furzeri
Authors: Montesano Alessia , Baumgart Mario , Avallone Luigi , Castaldo Luciana , Lucini Carla , Tozzini Eva Terzibasi , Cellerino Alessandro , D'Angelo Livia , de Girolamo Paolo
Published: January 2019

Orexin A (OXA) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) are two hypothalamic neuropeptides involved in the regulation of feeding behavior and food intake in all vertebrates. Accumulating evidences document that they undergo age‐related modifications, with consequences on metabolism, sleep/wake disorders and progression of neurodegenerations. The present study addressed the age related changes in expression and distribution of orexin A (its precursor is also known as hypocretin—HCRT) and NPY, and their regulation by food intake in the short‐lived vertebrate model Nothobranchius furzeri. Our experiments, conducted on male specimens, show that: (a) HCRT and OXA and NPY mRNA and protein are localized in neurons of diencephalon and optic tectum, as well as in numerous fibers projecting through the entire neuroaxis, and are colocalized in specific nuclei; (b) in course of aging, HCRT and NPY expressing neurons are localized also in telencephalon and rhombencephalon; (c) HCRT expressing neurons increased slightly in the diencephalic area of old animals and in fasted animals, whereas NPY increased sharply; (d) central HCRT levels are not regulated neither in course of aging nor by food intake; and (e) central NPY levels are augmented in course of aging, and regulated by food intake only in young. These findings represent a great novelty in the study of central orexinergic and NPY‐ergic systems in vertebrates', demonstrating an uncommon and unprecedented described regulation of these two orexigenic neuropeptides.
Replacing Mercury: Syntheses of Lanthanoid Pyrazolates from Free Lanthanoid Metals, Pentafluorophenylsilver, and Pyrazoles, Aided by a Facile Synthesis of Polyfluoroarylsilver Compounds
Authors: Guo Zhifang , Luu Jenny , Blair Victoria , Deacon Glen B. , Junk Peter C.
Published: January 2019

The polyfluorophenylsilver complexes [Ag2(C6F4Br‐4)2(py)3] (py = pyridine) (1) and [{Ag2R2(py)2}n] [R = C6F5(2); C6F4Br‐3 (3); C6F4H‐4 (4)] were prepared in reasonable yields by reactions of silver(I) oxide with the appropriate polyfluorobenzenes in pyridine. This simple and convenient synthesis is selective and does not lead to debromination of C6HF4Br‐(3 or 4). Complex1is dinuclear with AgR2and Ag(py)3units linked by a bridging polyfluoroaryl group and Ag···Ag interactions, whereas2–4are polymeric with alternating AgR2and Ag(py)2units similarly linked. The trivalent lanthanoid pyrazolates, [Ln(Ph2pz)3(py)2]·2thf (Ph2pz = 3,5‐diphenylpyrazolate; Ln = Yb,5, Er, 6, Dy,7, Lu,8; thf = tetrahydrofuran), [Ho(Ph2pz)3(py)(thf)] (9), [Ln(Ph2pz)3(py)(dme)]·solv (Ln = Tb, solv = 1.75PhMe,10, Gd, solv = 1.5dme,11; dme = 1,2‐dimethoxyethane; PhMe = toluene), [Ln(Ph2pz)3(thf)3] (Ln = La,12, Ce,13, Nd, 14), [Ln(tBu2pz)3(py)2] (tBu2pz=3,5‐di‐tert‐butylpyrazolate; Ln = Yb,15, Tm, 16, Ho,17, Dy,18), [Yb(Phtpz)3(py)2]·PhMe (19) (Phtpz=3‐Phenyl‐5‐(2′‐thienyl)pyrazolate) and [Nd(ttfpz)3(dme)2] (20)(ttfpz = 3‐(2′‐thienyl)‐5‐(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolate) have been prepared by redox transmetallation/protolysis (RTP) reactions employing lanthanoid metals, pentafluorophenylsilver and the corresponding pyrazoles (pzH) in donor solvents. This is a new synthetic route in which AgC6F5replaces the more commonly used Hg(C6F5)2or HgPh2. Yields are good to excellent if long crystallization times are used but the heavier Ln metals require activation with iodine to induce reaction. The monomeric structures exhibit η2‐bound pyrazolate ligands with eight‐coordinate metal atoms for complexes5–9and15–19, nine‐coordinate metal atoms for complexes10–14, and ten‐coordinate metal atoms for complex20.
A novel mixed matrix membrane of phenolphthalein hydrazide and polysulfone for the detection of copper ions in environmental water samples
Authors: Sreeramareddygari Muralikrishna , Kempahanumakkagari Sureshkumar , Mahesh Padaki , Thippeswamy Ramakrishnappa , Devaramani Samrat , Mardi Radhakrishna Reddy , Carlos Fernandez , Govindappa Banuprakash
Published: January 2019

The novel membrane test strip of phenolphthalein hydrazide (PH)‐polysulfone has been designed and demonstrated for Cu2+ ions detection. Before finding performance of membrane the studies with PH alone has been performed. Aqueous solutions of PH are colorless, but upon interaction with Cu2+ ions become pink (when 8.2 ≤ pH ≥ 12). The colorimetric change is initiated by the coordination of Cu2+ with PH as a polydentate ligand, opening the spirolactam ring that subsequently hydrolyses releasing phenolphthalein (P). Further membrane was preloaded with PH that could be used as a simple, low cost, and portable sensor for Cu2+ ions in environmental water samples. Given the detection limits of this sensor, a maximum response would warn the tester that Cu2+ concentrations were above safe drinking regulation values. Approximate concentrations can be determined via a color comparison chart.

Different metal ions were tested in order to determine the chemodosimeters specificity, of the 12 tested ions only Hg2+ induced a similar molecular transformation (i.e., PH to P). The chemodosimeter allows the quantification of Cu2+ ions in the linear dynamic range of 0–22 μM. The Sandell sensitivity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, and relative standard deviation were found to be 0.276 μg/mL/cm2, 0.279 μM, 1.674 μM, and 0.682% respectively. © 2019 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38:e13146, 2019
MGF‐based analysis of κ‐μ/gamma composite fading model for indoor off body communication
Authors: Shankar Hari , Kansal Ankush
Published: January 2019

This paper presents the moment generating function (MGF)–based analysis of κ‐μ/gamma composite fading model, which is suitable for the indoor off‐body communication channel. In this paper, first of all, we derive an analytical expression for MGF of instantaneous signal‐to‐noise ratio. By using the derived MGF, the expressions of average symbol error rate (ASER)/average bit error rate (ABER) for binary and M‐ary modulation scheme are derived. Using the MGF approach, we also derive the expression of channel capacity for optimum rate adaption and channel inversion with fixed rate policy. The derived expressions for ABER/ASER and channel capacity are presented in the infinite series form. We further present the numerical results of error rate and channel capacity for different values of κ, μ, α, and β parameters. The result of ABER and channel capacity shows good agreement with the previously reported results as special cases that verify the derived expressions.
Simultaneous photoreduction and Raman spectroscopy of red blood cells to investigate the effects of organophosphate exposure
Authors: Singh Yashveer , Chowdhury Aniket , Mukherjee Chandrachur , Dasgupta Raktim , Majumder Shovan K.
Published: January 2019

Simultaneous photoreduction and Raman spectroscopy with 532 nm laser has been used to study the effects of organophosphate (chlorpyrifos [CPF]) exposure on human red blood cells (RBCs). Since in RBCs, auto‐oxidation causes oxidative stress, which, in turn, is balanced by the cellular detoxicants, any possible negative effect of CPF on this balance should results in an increased level of damaged (permanently oxygenated) hemoglobin. Therefore, when 532 nm laser, at a suitable power, was applied to photoreduce the cells, only common oxygenated form of hemoglobin got photoreduced leaving the permanently oxygenated hemoglobin detectable in the Raman spectra simultaneously excited by the same laser. Using the technique effects of CPF to build up oxidative stress on RBCs could be detected at concentrations as low as 10 ppb from a comparison of relative strengths of different Raman bands. Experiments performed using simultaneously exposing the cells, along with CPF, to H2O2 (oxidative agent) and/or 3‐Aminotriazole (inhibitor of anti‐oxidant catalase), suggested role of CPF to suppress the cellular anti‐oxidant mechanism. Since the high level of damaged hemoglobin produced by the action of CPF (at concentrations >100 ppm) is expected to cause membrane damage, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to identify such damages.Upper panel: Raman spectra of normal, photoreduced CPF exposed and unexposed RBCs. Lower panel: The weak Fe‐O2 Raman band for CPF exposed cells shown on the left. The AFM images of unexposed and exposed cells are shown on the right. Scale bar, 2.5 μm.
Determination of vitamin D in tears of healthy individuals by the electrochemiluminescence method
Authors: Lai Yu Tsun , Cerquinho Renato Galão , Perez Matheus Moreira , Alves Beatriz da Costa Aguiar , Pereira Edimar Cristiano , Azzalis Ligia Ajaime , Junqueira Virginia Berlanga Campos , Soares Lismeia Raimundo , Fonseca Fernando Luiz Affonso
Published: January 2019

Background

Vitamin D is a fat‐soluble steroid hormone which can be converted into various forms and is of extreme physiological importance to our body. However, its functions and local metabolic pathways in some organs, such as the eye, have not yet been well studied. We aimed to verify the correlation between vitamin D levels in blood and tear fluid and the possibility of using tear fluid as a biological material for monitoring eye disorders in the future.

Methods

The electrochemiluminescence method was used to examine blood and tear samples collected with Schirmer test strips from 21 individuals without ocular disease.

Results

At the 95% confidence interval, mean tear fluid vitamin D = 37.8 ± 3.6 ng/mL, which is higher than the serum level, with a mean of 30.3 ± 7.7 ng/mL; Lin's concordance correlation coefficient = −0.018 (−0.174; 0.139), Pearson's coefficient = −0.070, and the Bland‐Altman coefficient = −11.12 (−30.40; 8.16). Results were obtained using the program Stata version 11.0.

Conclusion

It is possible to determine vitamin D levels in tear fluid using the electrochemiluminescence method, and as the results do not correlate with blood, there is possibility of using tear fluid as a biological matrix for detection of vitamin D, which may increase the possibilities of new studies in eye disorders.