bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficient electroreduction of CO2to C2+products on CeO2modified CuO
Authors: Yan Xupeng , Chen Chunjun , Wu Yahui , Liu Shoujie , Chen Yizhen , Feng Rongjuan , Zhang Jing , Han Buxing
Published: March 2021

CO2can be efficiently converted into C2+products on CeO2modified CuO catalysts and the faradaic efficiency could reach 75.2% with a current density of 1.21 A cm−2.
Hydrogen evolution by polymer photocatalysts; a possible photocatalytic cycle
Authors: Prentice Andrew W. , Zwijnenburg Martijn A.
Published: March 2021

We propose, supported byab initiocalculations, a possible photocatalytic cycle for hydrogen evolution by a prototypical polymer photocatalyst, poly(p-phenylene), in the presence of a sacrificial electron donor.
High-performance overall water splitting based on amorphous iron doped cobalt tungstate via facile co-precipitation
Authors: Wu Jin , Xie Renjie , Hu Xiangchen , Nie Zhiwei , Shi Yanuo , Yu Yi , Yang Nan
Published: March 2021

The as-prepared amorphous Fe-doped CoWO4 bifunctional electrocatalyst shows a low overpotential of 259 and 118 mV to reach a current density of 10 mA cm−2 for the OER and HER in 1 M KOH, respectively.
Alkaline-earth metal substitution stabilizes the anionic redox of Li-rich oxides
Authors: Li Haoxin , Zhao Xiaolin , Li Yining , Gan Yang , Qiu Wujie , Wang Jifen , Liu Jianjun
Published: March 2021

The alkaline earth metal substitution of Li2MnO3 with occupying Li+ sites could effectively activate cation redox and stabilize lattice oxygen, which is favorable to increase the specific capacity and improve the cyclic performance.
Interfacially synthesized 2D COF thin film photocatalyst: efficient photocatalyst for solar formic acid production from CO2 and fine chemical synthesis
Authors: Yadav Dolly , Kumar Abhishek , Kim Jae Young , Park No-Joong , Baeg Jin-Ook
Published: March 2021

Easy fabrication of multi-functional, free standing, centimeter sized, thin film photocatalyst for sustainable solar fine chemical synthesis and photoreduction of CO2 to formic acid under visible light.
Z-Scheme Mo2C/MoS2/In2S3 dual-heterojunctions for the photocatalytic reduction of Cr(vi)
Authors: Zhang Xin , Tian Fenyang , Qiu Longyu , Gao Manyi , Yang Weiwei , Liu Yequn , Yu Yongsheng
Published: March 2021

Mo2C nanosheets were chosen as substrates for the in situ growth of MoS2 and In2S3 to obtain a Mo2C/MoS2/In2S3 dual-heterojunction, and this unique heterojunction was further utilized for photocatalytic Cr(vi) removal from an aqueous environment.
Amorphous/amorphous Ni–P/Ni(OH)2 heterostructure nanotubes for an efficient alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Zhao Fuzhen , Liu Huicong , Zhu Houyu , Jiang Xiaoyu , Zhu Liqun , Li Weiping , Chen Haining
Published: March 2021

Amorphous/amorphous Ni–P/Ni(OH)2 nanotubes are synthesized by etching Zn@Ni–P nanowires grown by axial screw dislocation for an efficient alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction.
Efficient joint resource allocation for cognitive internet of vehicles networks based on asymmetric relay transmission
Authors: Song Xiaoqin , Wang Kuiyu , Xu Lei , Tan Yazhu , Miao Juanjuan
Published: March 2021

In the internet of vehicles (IoV) networks, a direct connection from the source end to the destination end may not be established due to the fast vehicle speed, long distance between vehicles, variable vehicle density, serious channel fading etc. In this paper, a joint resource allocation (RA) in the relay‐aided IoV networks is modelled as a mixed binary integer non‐linear programming (MBINP), which maximises the throughput of cognitive IoV networks among different subcarriers and relays. To further reduce the computational complexity, a suboptimal scheme is presented. First, the appropriate relay and subcarrier pairs are obtained by averaging the power allocation among the cognitive sources and relays. Second, an alternative optimisation mechanism is proposed to the power allocation. Simulation results show that, different from the symmetric time‐slot relay transmission, the asymmetric one can significantly increase the degree of freedom for transmission. Therefore, it is more robust to the impact of the relay node location on the throughput. Moreover, the proposed suboptimal RA algorithm not only can obtain the system capacity close to the optimal one, but also can reduce the computational complexity. At the same time, unacceptable degradation caused by severe channel fading is avoided.
Improve conditional adversarial domain adaptation using self‐training
Authors: Wang Zi , Sun Xiaoliang , Su Ang , Wang Gang , Li Yang , Yu Qifeng
Published: March 2021

Domain adaptation for image classification is one of the most fundamental transfer learning tasks and a promising solution to overcome the annotation burden. Existing deep adversarial domain adaptation approaches imply minimax optimization algorithms, matching the global features across domains. However, the information conveyed in unlabelled target samples is not fully exploited. Here, adversarial learning and self‐training are unified in an objective function, where the neural network parameters and the pseudo‐labels of target samples are jointly optimized. The model's predictions on unlabelled samples are leveraged to pseudo‐label target samples. The training procedure consists of two alternating steps. The first one is to train the network, while the second is to generate pseudo‐labels, and the loop continues. The proposed method achieves mean accuracy improvements of 2% on Office‐31, 0.7% on ImageCLEF‐DA, 1.8% on Office‐Home, and 1.2% on Digits than the baseline, which is superior to most state‐of‐the‐art approaches.
Investigation of water droplet‐initiated discharges on laser textured silicone nano‐micro composites using UHF and fluorescent fibre techniques
Authors: Amizhtan Somasundaram Karthikeyan , Ganesh Parvathy , Srinivasan Balaji , Vasa Nilesh J. , Aravindan Sivanandam , Sarathi Ramanujam
Published: March 2021

Laser texturing has been carried out on the surface of the silicone nano‐micro composites to achieve super hydrophobic properties, and water droplet‐initiated Corona discharge studies were carried out. The Corona inception voltage (CIV) exhibits considerable enhancement with increase in the nano filler content under DC voltage compared with AC voltage. The corona inception voltage is high with the textured surface and is found to have direct correlation with contact angle of the composite specimen. The Corona inception voltage was measured using Ultra‐high frequency (UHF) and fluorescent fibre techniques. It is observed that the fluorescent fibre technique is more sensitive in identifying discharges. Frequency domain analysis of UHF signal shows a dominant frequency at 1 GHz and for fluorescent signal, the spectral content is in the range of DC to 10 MHz. The rise time and pulse width of the UHF signal increases with the increase in the nano filler in composite material. The energy content of UHF/fluorescent signal due to discharges shows similar trend with its increase in energy with variation in its magnitude of the signal formed. The pulse width of fluorescent signal formed due to water droplet‐initiated discharges under AC and DC voltage is almost the same, and with the textured specimen it is quite low than the non‐textured material.
Automatic heart disease class detection using convolutional neural network architecture‐based various optimizers‐networks
Authors: Fradi Marwa , Khriji Lazhar , Machhout Mohsen , Hossen Abdulnasir
Published: March 2021

Early heart disease class detection is of great interest to reduce the mortality rate. In this context, computational techniques have been proposed to solve this issue. Thus, here, a deep learning architecture is proposed to automatically classify the patient’s Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal into a specific class according to the ANSI–AAMI standards. The proposed methodology is a multi‐stage technique. The first stage combines an R–R peak extraction with a low‐pass filter applied on the ECG data for noise removal. The second stage shows the proposed convolutional neural network‐based fully connected layers architecture, using different network optimizers. Different ECG databases, including challenging tasks, have been used for validation purpose. The whole system is implemented on both CPU and GPU for complexity analysis. For the predicted improved PTB data set, the classification accuracy results achieve 99.37%, 99.15% and 99.31% for training, validation and testing, respectively. Besides, for the MIT‐BIH‐database, the training, validation and testing accuracies are 99.5%, 99.06% and 99.34%, respectively. A top F1‐score of 0.99 is obtained. Experimental results show a high achievement compared to the state‐of‐the‐art models where the implementation of GPU confirms the low computational complexity of the system.
Geometry of glaciofluvial deposits and dynamics of the Lyonnais lobe ice front during the last glacial period (France, Northern Alps)
Authors: Roattino Thibault , Crouzet Christian , Buoncristiani Jean-Francois , Tissoux Hélène
Published: March 2021

Previous studies in the foreland of the French Western Alps, based on the analysis of geomorphological criteria for the internal moraine complex, show several stages of retreat or stagnation of the Lyonnais ice lobe during marine isotopic stages 4 and 2. Based on chronological data of the literature, the age of the Würmian maximum extension of the Lyon ice lobe must have occurred during MIS 4 but this result is still debated. At the Last Glacial Maximum, in the western part of the Lyonnais ice lobe, glaciofluvial corridors were active during flash floods draining glacial meltwater. Today, these corridors are dead valleys and display a series of terraces. In this paper, we analyse the sedimentary geometries and dynamics of three glaciofluvial corridors (Moidieu, Septeme and Heyrieux) located at the front of the internal moraine complex of the Lyonnais ice lobe. Upstream, the Moidieu corridor splits into three branches called North Moidieu, Central Moidieu and South Moidieu. Glaciofluvial deposits in the corridors are composed of pebbles and gravels in a sandy matrix. Sedimentary structures show mass flow events and the migration of river bars in braided channels which are characteristic of proximal glaciofluvial rivers in a proglacial environment. According to a new geomorphological map built using a high-resolution digital elevation model and an isopach map of the Quaternary deposits created from a compilation of the borehole data, we suggest that these corridors correspond to “tunnel valleys” built during the most extensive Riss glaciation. Then during the Würm maximum glacial extension, these “tunnel valleys” show complex infilling by glacio-fluvial sediments during the Würmian maximal extent. In the three corridors, the number of river terraces can be better defined by using new geomorphological analyses. A total of three Würm terraces can be observed: two in the north and three in the south. This difference between the south and north is probably a result of climatic and tectonic forcing.
Moroccan clays for potential use as aluminosilicate precursors for geopolymer synthesis
Authors: El Khomsi Anass , Ghaezouni Ameni , Idrissi kandri Noureddine , Zerouale Abdelaziz , Rossignol Sylvie
Published: March 2021

Three Moroccan clays, denoted A1, A3 and A5, were sampled from the Fez region with the aim of potential use as aluminosilicate precursors for geopolymer synthesis. Each clay was subjected to calcination at 700 °C and analyzed using DTA/TG, grain size distribution measurements, XRD, and FTIR spectroscopy before and after heat treatment. The results showed that the three clays contain kaolinite in different proportions in addition to some associated minerals, such as quartz, hematite, calcite and dolomite. Heat treatment successfully activated the clay by the amorphization of kaolinite, which is essential for geopolymerization. Some other changes were observed in the associated minerals, especially carbonates, which partially or totally decomposed depending on the clay, while other minerals remained intact. The SBET and NBO values are in accordance with the degree of polymerization, and the obtention of consolidated materials is possible by alkali activation of the calcined clays.
Evaluation of the theoretical and in-use performance of Exhaust Air Heat Pumps
Authors: O’Sullivan Paul D , Colclough Shane , Morehead John , O’ Donovan Adam
Published: March 2021

Integrated units that combine Exhaust Air Heat Pumps (EAHPs) with Heat Recovery Ventilation (HRV) and, in some instances, Domestic Hot Water Storage (DHW), are becoming increasingly popular in the domestic market across Europe with over 24,000 EAHPs purchased in the EU in 2017 alone. Early research into using EAHPs demonstrated energy savings being conservatively between 20% and 50% when compared to conventional systems. Recent research has suggested that, in reality, EAHPs in-use energy performance can be worse than that estimated by various standardised theoretical assessment methods (COP/SPF in the range of 0.4 to 6.0). More worryingly, published data on this in-use operation is effectively non-existent for NZEB type dwellings and few studies have stress tested the robustness of the EN standards in accounting for the effects of in-use operation. The study presented in this paper investigated whether the standard methods used to predict in-use energy performance are sufficiently robust and adequately capture operational performance for EAHP systems. The energy performance of two identical EAHP systems in Ireland (one rural/ one urban) were monitored for close to 12 months. During the live in-use monitoring period, the EAHPs had ‘heat-pump/heat recovery only’ operating mode ratios of 16%/84% and 22%/77% for rural and urban systems respectively. The average HRE in-use efficiency was 92% and 64% for the rural and urban systems respectively. While the manufacturers stated Seasonal performance factors (SPF) ranging from 2.2 (for DHW) to 5.8 (for Space Heating), the average in-use SPF was found to vary between 1.7 and 3.8 depending on the boundary reported and the location. More research is urgently required in order to bring much needed clarity for designers and energy assessors regarding which boundaries can be universally applied to EAHP systems. Given the range of SPF which could apply to the HP’s examined, the paper highlights the importance of ensuring that realistic indicators of in use performance are provided, aiding appropriate decision-making by policymakers, industry and end-users.
Non-linear Model Predictive Control for Smart Heating of Buildings
Authors: Thilker Christian Ankerstjerne , Bergsteinsson Hjörleifur G , Bacher Peder , Madsen Henrik , Calì Davide , Junker Rune G.
Published: March 2021

Smart and flexible operation of components in district heating systems can play a crucial role in integrating larger shares of renewable energy sources in energy systems. Buildings are one of the crucial components that will enable flexibility in the district heating by using intelligent operation. Recent work suggests that such improved operation at the same time can increase thermal comfort and lower economic costs. We have digitalised the heating system in a Danish school by adding IoT devices, such as smart thermostats and temperature sensors to demonstrate the possibilities of making buildings smart. Based on experimental data, this paper introduces a non-linear grey-box model of the thermal dynamics of the building. A non-linear model predictive control method is presented for the thermostatic set-point control of the building's radiators. Based on the building model and the control algorithm, simulation studies are carried out to show the flexibility potential of the building. When used for lowering the return temperature the results suggest that operational costs can be lowered by around 10% using predictive control.
First look into the evolutionary history, phylogeographic and population genetic structure of the Danube barbel in Croatia
Authors: Raguž Lucija , Buj Ivana , Marčić Zoran , Veble Vatroslav , Ivić Lucija , Zanella Davor , Horvatić Sven , Mustafić Perica , Ćaleta Marko , Sabolić Marija
Published: March 2021

The Danube barbel,Barbus balcanicusis small rheophilic freshwater fish, belonging to the genusBarbuswhich includes 23 species native to Europe. In Croatian watercourses, three members of the genusBarbusare found,B. balcanicus,B. barbusandB. plebejus, each occupying a specific ecological niche. This study examined cytochromeb(cytb), a common genetic marker used to describe the structure and origin of fish populations to perform a phylogenetic reconstruction of the Danube barbel. Two methods of phylogenetic inference were used: maximum parsimony (MP) and maximum likelihood (ML), which yielded well supported trees of similar topology. The Median joining network (MJ) was generated and corroborated to show the divergence of three lineages ofBarbus balcanicuson the Balkan Peninsula: Croatian, Serbian and Macedonian lineages that separated at the beginning of the Pleistocene. Croatian lineage ofB. balcanicusshows a uniform structure with many recently diverged haplotypes, which was further supported by the star-like shape of the MJ network. Effective size estimates were obtained for populations inhabiting separate river catchments and the results imply the good reproductive potential ofBarbus balcanicusin Croatia, which is in positive correlation with the overall high genetic diversity calculated for its populations. Nevertheless, population sizes of several population seem to be reduced as a consequence of habitat degradation and fragmentation.
Étude statistique de la variation de résistances à la compression du béton
Authors: Boukellouda Abdelhafid , Kheffache Toufik , Chelouah Nasser
Published: March 2021

La variation de la résistance à la compression des éprouvettes de béton est un phénomène observé durant les essais d’écrasement sous chargement uni-axial. Effectivement pour des éprouvettes confectionnées et conservées dans les mêmes conditions les valeurs des résistances nominales obtenues varient d’une éprouvette à une autre. D’une manière générale cette variation est selon les cas, peut être négligeable, mais des fois elle peut être significative. Ce travail présente une étude statistique sur la variation des résistances à la compression des éprouvettes de bétons, confectionnés par des matériaux locaux. L’étude a pour but de quantifier la variation de la résistance à des âges différents en calculant la probabilité de survie sous un chargement uni-axial. On va présenter un ajustement d’une méthode statistique, qui consiste à trouver les paramètres d’une fonction mathématique afin de la faire correspondre au mieux à une courbe expérimentale. L’ajustement graphique consiste à effectuer un changement de variables judicieux permettant de ramener l’ajustement à une simple régression linéaire en utilisant les lois de Weibull. La modélisation statistique utilisant la méthode de Weibull nous a permis de modéliser le problème et quantifier le taux de variation des résistances en fonction de leurs âges. Les résultats obtenus montrent que la méthode statistique de Weibull permet de prédire de manière satisfaisante la probabilité de rupture des éprouvettes de béton sous un chargement donné.
Ensuring of Consumer Choice Ecologization on the Basis of Consumption Safety: International Experience for Ukraine
Authors: Antoniuk Kateryna , Mokiy Anatoly , Pikh Mariia , Bukharina Lyudmila , Antoniuk Dmytro
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the disclosure of the results of the study of threats to the environment, sustainable development and consumption safety that arise in the process of consumption. The problems of formation of the environment which promotes growth of ecological demand in Ukraine in comparison with other states are analyzed. Factors of internal, external and situational influence on consumer choice at each stage of consumption (awareness of needs, search for information, evaluation of alternatives, purchasing, use and utilization) are investigated. The main of them such as values, culture of consumption, marketing (promotion), level of development of institutional base (legislation, social norms) are established and their optimal level in conditions of uncertainty is proved. Conclusions are made on the basis of using methods of office research, sociological survey, modeling on the basis of fuzzy logic with the use of expert assessments. The leading role of the factor of internal influence, which covers human values that can be improved by raising the educational and cultural level of the population, which is undoubtedly related to income is proved.
Strukturelle Implementierung eines Fast-Track-Programms – wie geht das?
Authors: Schwenk Wolfgang , Lang Ina , Huhn Marion
Published: March 2021

Fast-Track- oder ERAS-Konzepte gehen mit klinisch relevanten Vorteilen für operierte Patienten und ökonomischen Vorteilen für das Krankenhaus einher. Dennoch sind Fast-Track-Konzepte in Deutschland bislang nur in einzelnen chirurgischen Kliniken realisiert worden. Weder das Fehlen wissenschaftlicher Evidenz noch Einschränkungen durch das G-DRG-System sind Grund dieser ausbleibenden Fast-Track-Verbreitung in Deutschland. Vielmehr ist der Wandlungsprozess von der traditionellen perioperativen Behandlung zur evidenzbasierten Fast-Track-Therapie komplex und erfordert einen strukturierten und aufwendigen Implementierungsvorgang. International sind Programme zur Etablierung des Fast-Track etabliert und in zahlreichen Kliniken erfolgreich durchgeführt worden. Diese strukturierte Fast-Track-Implementierung wird in die Abschnitte organisatorische Vorbereitung, klinische Implementierung und Ergebnisüberprüfung gegliedert. Aufgrund der großen Komplexität der Wandlung ist eine
externe Begleitung und Schulung des multiprofessionellen Teams durch externe Fast-Track-Spezialisten sinnvoll.
Femoral Neck Stress Fracture of a Male, Healthy Marathon Runner – Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Weinrich Luise , Dahne Michael , Lindner Tobias , Stöckle Ulrich , Tsitsilonis Serafeim
Published: March 2021

In the present report, a case of a healthy, 38–year-old male recreational marathon runner who presented in the emergency department is discussed. He was diagnosed with a stress fracture of the femoral neck and treated surgically using a dynamic hip screw (DHS). One year after surgery, the patient was able to return to most of his previous sports activities. In the present report, the existing literature on the subject is exhibited and the points of interest in terms of incidence, risk factors, diagnosis, classification, treatment, and long-term outcome are analyzed. We suggest operative treatment of stress fractures of the femoral neck even in cases of complete undisplaced ones. This way, the risk of a displacement is counteracted, and patients can quickly return to daily activities without having to withstand long-term immobilization.
Reine Männersache?! – geschlechtsspezifische Perspektiven in der Arbeit mit suchtkranken Männern
Authors: Wirtz Markus
Published: March 2021

Männer stellen den überwiegenden Teil aller Klienten in
Einrichtungen der Suchthilfe in Deutschland. Männerspezifische
Angebote, die Suchterkrankungen im Kontext männlicher Sozialisation
und tradierter Rollenbilder betrachten, sind demgegenüber noch immer
die Ausnahme. Seit mehr als 20 Jahren widmet sich die
LWL-Koordinationsstelle Sucht bereits dem Thema
„Männlichkeiten und Sucht“ – und hat in
dieser Zeit konkrete Methoden und Materialien für die
männerspezifische Arbeit mit suchtkranken Männern
entwickelt.
Clean One-Pot Multicomponent Synthesis of Pyrans Using a Green and Magnetically Recyclable Heterogeneous Nanocatalyst
Authors: Maleki Ali , Ghassemi Mina
Published: March 2021

Copper ferrite (CuFe2O4) magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were synthesized via thermal decomposition and applied as a reusable and green catalyst in the synthesis of functionalized 4H-pyran derivatives using malononitrile, an aromatic aldehyde, and a β-ketoester in ethanol at room temperature. The nanoparticles were characterized by FT-IR, EDX, SEM, TGA, and DTG analysis. The catalyst was recovered from the reaction mixture by applying an external magnet and decanting the mixture. Recycled catalyst was reused for several times without significant loss in its activity. Running the one-pot three-component reaction at room temperature, using a green solvent under environmentally friendly reaction conditions, ease of catalyst recovery and recyclability, no need for column chromatography and good to excellent yields are advantages of this protocol.
Auditive and Vestibular Changes Related to the Use of Hydroxychlorochine and Chlorochine: An Integrative Review
Authors: Britto Diana Babini Lapa de Albuquerque , Rocha Mônyka Ferreira Borges , Silva Jéssica Dayane da , Pinheiro Natália dos Santos , Silva Lidiane Kelvin da , Advíncula Karina Paes
Published: March 2021

Introduction The use of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine is formally indicated in cases of chronic autoimmune diseases. However, the use of these medications has already been associated with possible transitory or definitive alterations in hearing function and/or vestibular function in humans, when administrated in the short and long terms.

Objective To describe, through a literature analysis, the functional vestibular and/or hearing alterations, caused by the use of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in youths and adults.

Data Synthesis In total, 2,481 studies were identified in the initial search: out of these 32 were selected for a full-text reading, and 9 were selected after the exclusion of those which did not meet the eligibility criteria. Of these, four articles pointed to the presence of vestibular and auditory-associated alterations, three indicated only auditory pathologies, and two, vestibular disorders. Regarding the auditory alterations, tinnitus was the most frequent symptom, and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss was described in most studies, varying in degree from mild to severe. As for the vestibular alterations, vertigo was the most reported symptom.

Conclusion Knowledge of the auditory and vestibular effects after the use of these substances can help in the decision regarding the best treatment, enabling the consideration of other available therapies for patients at risk of suffering those alterations, reducing the risk of auditory and vestibular disorders.
Simulations of heat fluxes in an ELMy H-mode discharge on HL-2A
Authors: He X. X. , Xia T. Y. , Wang Z. H. , Tang T. F. , Xu X. Q. , Gao J. M. , Huang Y. Q. , Wu Y. B. , Yang Z. C. , Liu Y.
Published: March 2021

In order to study the distribution and evolution of the transient heat flux on HL-2A during edge-localized-mode (ELM) bursts, the BOUT++ electromagnetic six-field two-fluid model is used to simulate the pedestal collapse under the lower single-null divertor geometry. The equilibrium profiles of HL-2A ELMy H-mode discharge No. 24 953 are adopted as the initial condition in the original case. In this case, linear analysis shows that the resistive ballooning mode (RBM) and drift-Alfven wave are unstable to this equilibrium, and RBM is the dominant instability. The evolutions of the radial heat fluxes at the outer mid-plane and heat fluxes to the inner and outer targets during the ELM event are presented. Six more equilibria are constructed based on the original case to find out the influence of the pedestal profiles on the peak electron heat flux. The results indicate that the heat flux increases with temperature and/or density, and the theoretical analysis and simulation results consistently show that the heat flux q∥e is proportional to ne0,SEPTe0,SEP32.
Unveiling the influence of ZnTe and Te layers as part of the back-contact on CdTe solar cells performance
Authors: Hernandez-Vasquez C. , González-Trujillo M. A. , Gallardo-Hernández S. , Albor-Aguilera M. L.
Published: March 2021

Recently, advances in the CdTe technology made CdTe a great candidate for commercial thin film solar cells because it is used in infrared windows for optoelectronic devices such as photovoltaic ones. Nowadays, solar cells with nanometric thicknesses are increasingly required due to an enhanced behavior effect. It is common to observe interdiffusion phenomena during several technological processes that are required for the fabrication of photovoltaic devices. It is very important to note that this interdiffusion could strongly affect the final efficiency of devices. In this work, the study of two materials as an interlayer between the CdTe thin film and metallic contact is presented. Te and ZnTe were deposited on the CdTe surface by using a close space sublimation technique. The electrical properties of the devices were evaluated after two and four years to observe the electrical behavior of Te and ZnTe layers implemented as part of the back-contact.
Reducing health inequities for asylum seekers with chronic non-communicable diseases: Australian context
Authors: Nkhoma Gloria , Lim Chiao Xin , Kennedy Gerard A. , Stupans Ieva
Published: March 2021

Asylum seekers are susceptible to chronic non-communicable diseases pre- and post-arrival due to poor living conditions, unhealthy lifestyles and restrictive and poor access to health services. Despite their need for constant and continuous health care access due to poor health, they face healthcare services access restrictions dependent on their visa conditions in Australia. Some visas only allow access to hospital services with restrictions on primary health services access such as GPs and free or discounted pharmaceutical products. In comparison, disadvantaged host populations have access to free/discounted pharmaceutical products and unrestricted access to primary and secondary health care. Ten professionals who constantly engage with asylum seekers in three large asylum seeker centres in Melbourne were interviewed either face-to-face or over the phone. The interviews were essential to understand how health inequities may be addressed for asylum seekers. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using a thematic analysis framework. Their recommendations, based mainly on their experience and evaluation of programs, were: (1) cultural competence training; (2) use of interpreters; (3) free access to health services and medications; (4) use of English learning to promote health literacy and community integration; (5) robust chronic non-communicable diseases screening; and (6) health promotion and accessible food programs.
Mundulla yellows (Mundulla Yellows dieback).
Authors:   Australia, CRCNPB
Published: March 2021

Invasiveness is not a term that one associates with abiotic stresses. Whilst early studies pointed towards a pathogen-induced decline, more recent studies have concluded that the cause of Mundulla yellows is abiotic in nature. This new lethal plant-dieback syndrome was first detected in South Australia in the 1970s (Cotton, 1998). Similar symptoms have since been observed in eucalypts in Spain, Peru and Syria (Randles et al., 2010) and potentially the USA (I Smith, University of Melbourne, Australia, personal communication cited in Czerniakowski et al., 2008). Surveys of remnant eucalypts in South Australia revealed an increase in MY of 30% between 1994 and 1999 (Paton and Cutten, 2000). In some areas of the Limestone Coast of South Australia, more than 70% of eucalypts have been affected and at least 87 species and 29 genera were documented as expressing MY-like symptoms in South Australia (Mundulla Yellows Task Group, 2004; Hanold et al., 2006).
Pregnancy-associated risk factors and incidence of systemic sclerosis in primiparous women: A nationwide population-based cohort study
Authors: Lee Kyung-Ann , Kim JongSun , Choi Wonho , Kim Hyun-Sook , Seo Gi Hyeon
Published: March 2021

Objectives

To evaluate the pregnancy-related risk factors and incidence rate (IR) of systemic sclerosis (SSc) in primipara using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment database, covering all medical claims in South Korea.

Methods

From the database, 2,260,952 primipara aged 18–49 years from 2008 to 2018 were identified. The patients were followed up after their index delivery until December 2019. A Cox proportional hazard analysis was performed to identify the association of pregnancy-related factors with SSc development.

Results

The SSc IR was 0.62 cases per 100,000 patient-years. Primipara had a higher risk of developing SSc after 3 years postpartum than in the first 3 years of delivery (OR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.36–2.78, p < .001). A multivariate analysis showed that older age (35–49 years) (HR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.05–4.35, p = .037) and a Caesarean section (CS) (HR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.10–3.15, p = .021) are risk factors for SSc. At 3 years postpartum, CS (HR = 2.97, 95% CI: 1.39–6.32, p = .005) and a female infant (HR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.11–4.71, p = .026) were associated with SSc development.

Conclusion

Having a CS, late childbirth, and a female infant are the risk factors for SSc in primipara. This study establishes the IR of SSc in primipara.
Development of the concept of managing stakeholders in the Russian educational agglomeration based on the Agile methodology
Authors: Ivanova O E , Uvarina N V , Lysenko Yu V , Pakhtusova N A , Savchenkov A V
Published: March 2021

The paper substantiates the relevance of developing the concept of managing stakeholders in the educational agglomeration based on the flexible methodology in an unstable environment. The aim of the paper is to conceptualize the management of stakeholders of educational agglomeration based on the Agile methodology. The main research methods were dialectical method, critical analysis method, descriptive statistics methods, communicative and pragmatic approach, stakeholder approach, and conceptualization. The concept of managing stakeholders in the Russian educational agglomeration based on the Agile methodology was developed. This conceptualization implements the empirically-based and design-based orientation of the flexible methodology and takes into account the practical benefits of stakeholder effects from participation in the educational agglomeration. The main elements of the stakeholder management system are: the person, object and subject of management, management principles, management cycle and management of the terms of cooperation. The conclusion about managing the stakeholders of the educational agglomeration based on the Agile methodology is substantiated.
The efficiency of application of biological preparations with a fungicidal effect against the sunflower diseases in the central zone of the Krasnodar region
Authors: Bushnev A S , Babenko S B , Bushneva N A
Published: March 2021

Diseases are one of the main factors limiting the reception of high sunflower yields. The use of biological preparations for plant protection will allow to fight diseases successfully and improve the products quality. The article presents the results of research on the efficiency of application of biopreparations under the trademarks of BSka-3 with active ingredient Trichoderma viride, Pseudomonas koreensis, Bacillus subtilis and BFTIM with active ingredient Bacillus amyloliquefaciens against sunflower diseases. We conducted the experiments in 2018-2019 on the fields of the “Berezanskoye” farm in Korenovsky district of the Krasnodar region. We established that biofungicides effectively suppressed seed infection. In 2018-2019, dry rot of heads (Rhizopus spp.), bacterioses (Xanthomonas spp., Pseudomonas spp.) and Verticillium wilt (Verticillium dahliae Kleb.) had the highest prevalence in the sunflower sowing: 49.75 %, 42.0 % and 47.0 %, respectively. The schemes of BSka-3 D + BFTIM I + BFTIM K and BSka-3 A + BFTIM B + BFTIM B showed the best biological efficacy against Rhizopus spp.: 37 and 38 %, respectively. The schemes of BSka-3 D + BFTIM I + BFTIM K and BSka-3 G + BFTIM Zh + BFTIM Z were the most effective against the bacterioses: 54 and 51 %, respectively; the standard and variant of BSka-3 B + BFTIM V + BFTIM G showed 32 and 31 % of efficiency, respectively, against Verticillium wilt. The schemes of BSka-3 A + BFTIM B + BFTIM B (2.65 t/ha) and BSka-3 + BFTMI I + BFTMI K (2.61 t/ha) showed the best economic effectiveness.
Public-private partnership in the reality of the global COVID-19 societal crisis
Authors: Vaslavsky Yan I , Vaslavskaya Irina Yu
Published: March 2021

COVID-19 generated a societal crisis, which manifests itself in the fact that ordinary people are forced to revise their individual values in connection with the coronavirus pandemic and state the fact of their discrepancies with the priorities of the state and with the prevailing values in society. At the same time, the destruction of societal integrity necessitates a restructuring of the relationship between the state, society, business and households, taking into account fundamental changes in the consciousness of society and in people's assessments of the quality of the state's performance of the functions imputed to it by society. Before COVID-19 the priority of functions and fiscal preferences of the state was determined in accordance with the three main groups, according to R. Musgrave. COVID-19 made serious adjustments to the priority of state obligations to society, reducing them to two: improving the epidemiological situation in the country and timely reopening economic activities. These sharp changes were expressed in the emergence of the term “epinomics”, combining the two main goals of the states’ strategies for fighting the coronavirus. Adequate forms of organizing public-private partnerships make it possible to optimize the combination of strategic goals of the state and tools for their budget funding. And this, in turn, lets it possible to advance further in resolving the global societal crisis in the post-COVID-19 pandemics future.
The cost of obtaining improved planting material of garlic (Allium sativum L.) using the in vitro method
Authors: Azopkova M A , Muravyeva I V , Polyakov A V , Razin O A
Published: March 2021

The calculation of costs of obtaining planting material of winter garlic Gladiator variety using two methods developed in 2018 at the all-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Production - the branch of the Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Production, is made. The costs at different stages of growing winter garlic are shown. Thus, when growing winter garlic planting material from air bulbs in the Nonchernozem zone of the Russian Federation, the total cost is 370.24 thousand rubles, and for obtaining planting material using the in vitro method – 526.02 thousand rubles. The cost of one multi-clove bulb is 35.29 rubles and 52.6 rubles, respectively. The use of in vitro method allows obtaining planting material free of phytopathogens, which plays a very important role in reducing the pesticide load and greening the production of garlic for food and seed purposes.
Economic efficiency of using entomophages in protecting potatoes from the Colorado potato beetle
Authors: Pivovarov V F , Baykov A A , Dudov M V , Gins E M , Zhevora S V
Published: March 2021

The Colorado potato beetle is a serious pest of Solanaceae crops in our country, especially potatoes. In order to reduce the chemical load in the field and prevent the development of resistance to chemicals in the Colorado beetle, this paper presents biological methods of protection using seasonal colonization by the predatory shield bug Picromerus and treatments with plant extract of amaranth of the Valentine variety (which, along with limiting the nutrition of the larvae of the Colorado beetle, stimulates growth and leads to an increase in the photosynthetic activity of protected plants). Additional treatment with amaranth extracts is recommended during the flowering period, which is critical for potatoes. Damage to potato leaves by Colorado potato larvae during this period can lead to significant decrease in productivity.
Elemental composition of the stems of Beta vulgaris L. var. conditiva Alef. as an indicator of increasing the profitability of functional products
Authors: Zelenkov V N , Ivanova M I , Latushkin V V , Timakova L N
Published: March 2021

The features of the elemental composition of seeds (stems) of beet (Beta vulgaris L. var. conditiva Alef.) of three varieties of selection of ARRIVG – branch of FSBSI FSCVG. The largest share of mineral elements is potassium (more than 1% of dry matter), as well as calcium, sodium, magnesium, and phosphorus (more than 0.4-0.5% each element). The seeds of the Karina variety accumulate the maximum amount of potassium, calcium, chlorine, and sulfur. According to the content of sodium and phosphorus in the seeds, a variety of Zhukovchanka, magnesium and iron – Demetra is distinguished. Of the microelements, zinc and manganese predominate. A significant variability in the accumulation of elements by seeds of different beet varieties is shown. Significant varietal differences were observed in the accumulation of titanium, aluminum (variability of more than 70%), silicon, manganese, nickel, rubidium (more than 60%). The accumulation of sulfur, chromium, lead, zirconium, and zinc is more stable in varieties. It is noted that when seeds germinate in the seed skin, the content of sodium and chlorine increases sharply (by 3.4-7 times) in comparison with the original seeds.
Economic efficiency of onion growing in the central part of Russia
Authors: Kukharev O N , Pivovarov V F , Laryushin N P , Soldatenko A V , Vershinin Yu A
Published: March 2021

Currently, Russia is one of the top five countries in terms of onion cultivation areas. It should be noted that Russia is also the largest importer of onions. Onion production in agricultural organizations and farms is increasing. High consumer demand and relatively low resource costs allow classifying this area of management as the most profitable and easy types of agribusiness. The paper shows the need to increase the economic efficiency of onion production in the central part of the Russian Federation. The necessary volume for import substitution is calculated. It is economically justified to use the technology of sowing onion seeds 90+50 cm in comparison with the traditional technology. The highest yield was obtained when seeding with an experimental machine at a seeding rate of 20 million units/ha.
Evaluation of the strategic potential of the latest technologies in industrial fungi farming
Authors: Devochkina N L , Razin A F , Ivanova M I , Nurmetov R D , Dugunieva L G
Published: March 2021

The continuous process of improving technologies for the production of cultivated fungi has led to a significant increase in global production and opened the possibility of cultivating a wide range of new types of edible fungi. Industrial fungi farming as an economic activity in developed European countries has become one of the main independent branches of agricultural production. In the Russian Federation, there is a positive growth in the volume of production of edible fungi. Assessing the strategic potential of the latest technologies in industrial fungi farming is a top priority for the country. Due to the introduction of the latest technology of three-phase preparation of the substrate, the intensification of the production cycle of growing fruit bodies of fungi has increased by 1.5 times.
Efficiency of investment projects to modernize facilities housing and communal services (case of Kazakhstan)
Authors: Shalbolova U , Chikibayeva Z , Kenzhegaliyeva Z
Published: March 2021

The article presents the results of evaluating the economic efficiency of four investment projects for the modernization of housing and communal services. To get the results presented, the authors have previously collected a large database of investment projects for the modernization of housing and utilities. The projects have been prepared for various regions and cities of Kazakhstan, on the basis of which business plans have been developed for more than 30 projects aimed at using innovative technologies in heating, electricity, water and other utilities provided to apartment buildings. The economic evaluation of investment projects was carried out in the framework of digitalization, construction of "smart homes", construction of new non-traditional sources of electricity, introduction of green economy in housing and utilities, expansion of solid waste disposal, application of innovative materials in the construction of residential buildings, use of mechanisms for financing investment projects through public-private partnership. "Catalog of industrial and innovative projects for the modernization of housing and communal services" and "Methods of economic evaluation of investment projects of housing and communal services" were published based on the research results. Individual results of scientific research carried out within the framework of the grant project are presented mainly in tables.
Promising elements of technologies on cultivating new varieties of leguminous crops in the conditions of central Russia
Authors: Budarina G A , Akulov A S , Glazova Z I
Published: March 2021

The paper presents the results of two and three years of research on the effectiveness of organic and mineral complex fertilizers and their combination with protectants for pre-sowing treatment of seeds and vegetative plants of new varieties of lentils, chickpeas and soybeans. It is established that the use of the above-mentioned agrochemicals as foliar top dressing is promising and agroeconomically justified. Grain harvest increases depending on the crop: lentils - from 0.22 to 0.39 t/ha, chickpeas – from 0.2 to 0.61 t/ha, soybeans – from 0.18 to 0.24 t/ha providing income from 450 to 15860 thousand rubles/ha with the payback of fertilizers spent by grain, which is significantly higher than at applying complex fertilizers in rows.

It was revealed that promising technique in the cultivation technology of lentil is used for pre-treatment of seeds growth stimulator Alfastim at a dose of 80 ml per 1 ton of seeds, and for the correction of mineral nutrition of lentils during the growing season with the foliar application method we should use agrochemicals LLC "Polydon Agro" the return on which (rubles/rubles) by 3.0–12.2 times more than when applying fertilizers to the soil.

The expediency of pre-sowing treatment of chickpea seeds with a chemical protectant Scarlet, ME in combination with non-root top dressing with multicomponent mineral fertilizers of the Ultramag Combi type in the phase of 6-7 leaves of the crop providing effective protection against seed and soil infection and increasing (by 0.53-0.61 t/ha) grain yield was reliably established.

It is shown that the use of the growth stimulator Alfastim in the processing of soybean seeds at a dose of 50 ml per 1 ton and the microfertilizer Polydon BIO in the budding phase at a dose of 1 l/ha provides a higher productivity of soybean plants with a level of profitability of 228-234% at low costs.
Effect of probiotic cultures of the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain on the livability of broiler chickens
Authors: Koshchaev I A , Mezinova K V , Ryadinskaya A A
Published: March 2021

Under industrial conditions, broiler chickens are constantly exposed to stressors that can increase their susceptibility to intestinal diseases, leading to reduced productivity, immune suppression, and increased mortality. Antibiotics are widely used to maintain and improve productivity in such conditions. However, in recent years, there has been a tightening of rules on the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry in order to stop them from entering food for people, as well as in connection with the emergence of strains of pathogenic bacteria that have developed resistance to a wide range of antibiotics, which pose a danger to human health and life. In this regard, manufacturers are searching for alternatives to antibiotics. The range of potential substitutes is very wide. One of the most promising groups is probiotics. In the course of the study, it was found that low-protein diets (with a low protein content, but balanced by the amino acid profile) can unlock the potential of probiotic cultures of the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain and, as a result, increase the livability of broiler chickens. The maximum livability index of 94.5% was observed in group 4, which received a low-protein diet using probiotic cultures of the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain.