bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy under spinal-epidural anesthesia versus general anaesthesia: a prospective randomized study
Authors: Ahmed Kawser , Hel Baki M. Abdullah , Begum Monira , Barman Nirmal K. , Hossein M. Monwar , Islam M. Shafiqul , Shil Shiladitya
Published: January 2024

Background: The choice between spinal-epidural anesthesia and general anesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy depends on various factors, including patient characteristics, surgical team expertise, and institutional guidelines. While both techniques have their advantages and disadvantages, spinal-epidural anesthesia offers an alternative to general anesthesia, potentially reducing complications and improving patient outcomes. Objective of the study was to compare spinal anesthesia with the gold standard general anesthesia for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy in healthy patients.
Methods: This study was conducted at Sheikh Hasina Medical College, Hobiganj, Bangladesh. In this prospective comparative study, we enrolled one hundred patients diagnosed with symptomatic gallstone disease and classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) status I or II. These patients were subjected to randomization, with fifty of them assigned to undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy under spinal anesthesia, while the remaining fifty received general anesthesia. Subsequently, we conducted a comprehensive assessment, comparing various intraoperative parameters, postoperative pain levels, incidence of complications, recovery rates, and patient satisfaction during the follow-up period, with the aim of evaluating the differences between these two anesthesia methods.
Results: All the procedures were completed by the allocated method of anesthesia, as there were no conversions from spinal to general anesthesia. Pain was significantly less at 4 hours (p<0.001), 8 hours (p<0.001), 12 hours (p<0.001), and 24 hours (p=0.02) after the procedure for the spinal anesthesia group compared with those who received general anesthesia. There was no difference between the 2 groups regarding complications, hospital stay, recovery, or degree of satisfaction at follow-up.
Conclusions: Spinal anesthesia is adequate and safe for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in otherwise healthy patients and offers better postoperative pain control than general anesthesia without limiting recovery.
A randomized, double blind, standard controlled trial to compare safety and efficacy of two leading brands of Ashwagandha products in patients suffering from mental health related symptoms
Authors: Limaye Dnyanesh , Neogi Ayan , Kondepudi Karthik , Mandlik Sagar
Published: January 2024

Background: Mental health related symptoms are common among the population. Current treatment exhibits serious adverse effects, delayed onset of action and low efficacy. Ashwagandha has a variety of beneficial effects in mental health disorders. We did a comparison of two Ashwagandha brands using a variety of scales for anxiety, depression, stress, and sleep quality.
Methods: The study was conducted in 80 patients suffering from mental health related symptoms. Test product used was: Herbochem +91 Ashwagandha 500 mg capsules and control used was: KSM 66 Ashwagandha 600 mg capsules.
Results: The reduction in the perceived stress scores and Hamilton depression scale scores at day 30/60 from day 0 was higher in the test group as compared with the control group. The reduction in the Beck’s anxiety inventory scores at day 30/60/90 from day 0 was higher in the test group as compared with the control group. The increase in the Pittsburgh sleep quality index scores at day 30/60 from day 0 was higher in the test group as compared with the control group. The reduction in the serum cortisol scores at day 30 from day 0 was higher in the test group as compared with the control group. Results showed that, the incidence of adverse events was same in both groups.
Conclusions: It is important to note that test product having 500 mg Ashwagandha, showed better efficacy as compared to control product having 100 mg more (600 mg) of Ashwagandha.
Can we predict difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy preoperatively? A comprehensive study
Authors: Jain Yugal D. , Patel Ravi V.
Published: January 2024

Background: In the study, we have tried to assess some preoperative factors (history, clinical and ultrasonographic factors) that might make the laparoscopic cholecystectomy difficult. Objective was to study the predictive scoring pattern in difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy cases.
Methods: It was a prospective observational study. Ninety cases of suspected cholecystitis were identified for study presented to Jehangir hospital, Pune with upper abdominal pain or vomiting or dyspepsia or jaundice. Such patients were studied in detail clinically, admitted and investigated. Ultrasound abdomen was done in all patients.
Results: Out of 90 cases studied, 64 patients (71.1%) had pre op score between 0-5 i.e. easy level, 21 patients (23.3%) had pre-op score between 6-10 i.e. difficult level and 5 patients (5.6%) had pre-op score between 11-15 i.e. very difficult level against intra-op scoring of 57 patients (63.33%) being easy, 28 patients (31.1) difficult and 05 patient (5.6%) had very difficult surgery. Conversion rate in present study to open surgery was 5.6%. For predicting easy laparoscopic cholecystectomy, accuracy of preop score was 85.6% and for predicting very difficult lap cholecystectomy, accuracy of preoperative score was 95.6%.
Conclusions: Strongly significant factors predicting difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy were number of hospitalisations, impacted stone and obesity. This study demonstrated that a scoring system predicting the difficulty in laparoscopic cholecystectomy is feasible and easy way. Identification of these factors preoperatively might help to psychologically prepare the patients for open surgery and for prolonged convalescence.
Review of the pros and cons when comparing high intensity interval training to moderate intensity continuous training
Authors: Elhamalawy Ahmed
Published: January 2024

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has gained significant popularity in recent years as an effective exercise method for individuals seeking time-efficient workouts with substantial health benefits. For those leading busy lives, such as working professionals, engaging in regular physical activity holds pivotal importance. It serves as a catalyst for not only enhancing physical well-being but also nurturing mental health and boosting overall productivity. This review compares HIIT to traditional exercise to identify the advantages and disadvantages providing a valuable insight for healthcare professionals when educating patients on the matter.
Internal hernia secondary to Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome causing small bowel obstruction
Authors: McMahon Matthew J. , Jeyarajan Eshwarshanker
Published: January 2024

We present a 56-year-old female who presented with symptoms suggestive of a small bowel obstruction (SBO) in a virgin abdomen. Cross-sectional imaging and laparoscopy revealed an internal hernia through perihepatic adhesions that are likely representative of Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome (FHCS). These adhesions were divided, the small bowel reduced, and she made an unremarkable recovery. This is the first reported case of an internal hernia from FHCS causing an SBO.
Congenital Effman type 2A II urethral duplication with hypoplastic ventral glandular urethra
Authors: Gite Venkat , Dhakne Babasaheb
Published: January 2024

Urethral duplication is a rare congenital abnormality with varied clinical manifestations; less than 300 cases were reported in the literature. Urethral duplication (UD) commonly seen in male than female and is a very rare anomaly. Urethral duplication can present with double urinary systems, urinary tract infection and lower urinary tract systems. Retrograde urethrogram will be helpful in diagnosis. Treatment depends upon clinical presentation but there is lack of consensus on best managment. We present images of 6-year-old child presented with two streams due to congenital Effman type 2A II urethral duplication.
Solitary retroperitoneal hydatid cyst masquerading as pseudocyst of pancreas
Authors: Vagholkar Ketan , Vaja Chirag , Rathod Akshay , Purandare Tanay
Published: January 2024

Primary retroperitoneal hydatid cyst is a rarity. Literature on this topic is sparse with anecdotal case reports. Hence the condition poses both a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma to the attending surgeon. The objective of reporting this case is to highlight the challenges faced by the surgeon in diagnosing and treating this uncommon entity. A 70-year-old man presented with epigastric pain and discomfort accompanied by abdominal mass extending over the epigastric and right hypochondriac region. CECT revealed a cystic lesion in the retroperitoneal, peripancreatic region. The cystic lesion was diagnosed as a primary retroperitoneal hydatid cyst at the time of surgical intervention. Partial cystectomy was performed due to dense adhesions between head of pancreas and the cyst wall. A high index of suspicion for a primary retroperitoneal hydatid cyst is necessary especially in patients who hail from rural agricultural areas. CECT is diagnostic and provides information regarding site, size, nature and relationship to the adjacent organs and blood vessels. Complete cystectomy is the treatment of choice. However, if dissection is difficult then a partial cystectomy with utmost precaution to prevent spillage of contents is the best option.
Single ureter draining crossed fused renal ectopia with single renal vein: case report
Authors: Gite Venkat , Dhakne Babasaheb
Published: January 2024

We present very rare case of incidentally detected crossed fused renal ectopia (CFRE) with a single ureter, single renal vein in a 14-year-old boy who presented as peri umbilical pain and chronic constipation. His contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) showed the left kidney was fused to the lower pole of the right kidney with single ureter draining both the moieties into the urinary bladder on ipsilateral side and single renal vein draining into the inferior vena cava. CFRE is usually asymptomatic and undetected in the absence of renal pathologies. Reporting such cases will help in diagnosis and management when symptomatic.
Artificial intelligence based assessment and application of imaging techniques for early diagnosis in oral cancers
Authors: Hoda Nadimul , Moza Aastha , Byadgi Akshay A. , Sabitha K. S.
Published: January 2024

Diagnosis at an early stage is the most crucial and decisive outcome in oral cancers. The main objective of this study was to give a brief summary of various emerging optical imaging artificial intelligence (AI) based techniques with their application and implications for the improvements in oral cancer detection. Early diagnosis of oral cancer helps in facilitating early treatment outcome and to predict overall prognosis of the patient. The review talks about the usage of convolution neural networks (CNN) being used for classification of oral cancer images. Further which morphological operations are used for image assembly segmentation of the cancer regions and then deep learning algorithm is utilized to differentiate the cancer lesion regions into mild or severe lesion regions.
Exclusive breastfeeding practices and predictors among mothers attending child care immunization services in Ebonyi state, Nigeria
Authors: Obande-Ogbuinya Edith N. , Afoke Eunice N. , Anyaeru Michael Joseph , Nwajioha Patrick Nwite , Orji Scholastica Amuchi , Nnubia Anthonia Ogechukwu , Okeke Ifeyinwa Maureen , Ogueri Emmanuel Obinna , Osuoha Chinedu Victor , Amanchi Amina Ogmula , Aleke Christian Okechukwu
Published: January 2024

Background: Low adoption of exclusive breast feeding among mothers and its impact on the infants has been attributed to several factors. The im of the study was to assess exclusive breastfeeding practices and predictors among women attending child care immunization services at Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AE-FUTHA).
Methods: The design of this study is cross-sectional survey. The population of the study comprised of 2100 women who registered for child care immunization services at Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki from the month of January-March, 2023. Convenience sampling technique was used in selecting the participants. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, frequency counts and percentages and t test statistics.  
Results: The results showed that the exclusive breastfeeding practices of the women were high (3.33±0.39). Also, EBP of the women was high based on age and parity. Although, there was no significant difference in the exclusive breastfeeding practices based on parity (p>0.05). However, there was significant difference in the exclusive breastfeeding practices based on age of the mothers (p<0.05).   
Conclusions: The study concluded that to sustain the high practices of exclusive breastfeeding among women attending child care immunization services at AE-FUTHA, there is need to continue to engage them on seminars, workshops and conferences by health workers on the days of immunization with special focus to the younger age of the mothers in order to sustain the high EBPs.
Predictors of the resurgence and sustainability of open defecation-free status among adult residents in Kibwezi East Sub County, Makueni County, Kenya
Authors: Mutuku Joshua M. , Juma Joseph , W. Aidi Bibianne
Published: January 2024

Background: Worldwide, 2.4 billion persons lack improved sanitation and practice open defecation. In Kenya, about 14% of its population defecates in the open and the country loses over $324 million a year due to poor sanitation. The study focused on establishing infrastructural factors influencing the resurgence and sustainability of open-defecation-free status among adult residents in Kibwezi East Sub-County of Makueni County, Kenya.
Methods: The study employed purposeful, cluster, proportionate, simple random sampling and descriptive cross-sectional design. Participants included residents aged 18 or older, who lived in the area at least two years. Chi-square tests at p≤0.05 examined relationships between independent and dependent variables.
Results: Majority of respondents were Christian (98.8%), with 52.9% completing primary education. Most were female (68.6%), married (89.1%), and averaged 48.40 years. Education at or below primary level increased the likelihood of not sustaining ODF practices (uOR=1.567, 95% CI: 1.061-2.315, p=0.024). Sanitary facilities were often within 10-50 m (59.5%), with a median walk time of 3.0 min. ODF sustainability was less likely without user-friendly facilities (uOR=2.47, p<0.001) and with roofless toilets (uOR=0.355, p<0.001). Longer walking times (>3 min) reduced ODF sustainability (uOR=0.341, p<0.001). Absence of designated open defecation sites increased ODF odds by 1.669 times (UOR=1.669, p<0.001), and odor-free toilets enhanced sustainability (UOR=1.287, p=0.030).
Conclusions: The results highlight the significance of socio-demographic factors, including education levels, and infrastructural in maintaining ODF status.
Assessing accessibility of sexual reproductive health services among adolescents and young people living with HIV/AIDS in Kenya
Authors: Nyang'echi Edna N. , Osero Justus O. S.
Published: January 2024

Background: Sexual and reproductive health rights (SRHR) are fundamental human rights enshrined in national, regional, and international laws and agreements. This study aimed to determine the accessibility of SRHR services among young people living with HIV/AIDS in Kenya.
Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study involving a sample of 224 adolescents and young people from Kenya. The study used both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection and analysis. Before the study commenced, approvals were acquired from the Kenyatta University ethics and review committee, the National Commission for Science, Technology, and Innovation, County Governments, and selected county and sub-county health facilities in Kenya.
Results: About 68.2% of adolescents and young people (AYP) living with HIV/AIDS accessed SRH services with a significant difference in proportion between study counties (Nairobi city and Homabay counties) in Kenya (χ2=20.553; df=2; p<0.0001). Nevertheless, 33% of them reported that there were challenges that affected access to SRHR services and the unavailability of some services. Therefore, there is a need to ensure enough and constant supply of commodities and supplies for comprehensive care services.
Conclusions: The study showed a statistically significant difference in the proportion of AYP living with HIV/AIDS who accessed SRH services in the study counties of Nairobi city and Homabay.
Factors influencing the utilization of breast cancer screening services in Korean women using Andersen’s behavioral model
Authors: Park Hyejin
Published: January 2024

Background: Breast cancer is a major health concern worldwide, and timely screening plays an important role in early detection and improved treatment outcomes. In this study, factors influencing the utilization of breast cancer screening services were examined using Andersen’s behavioral model, which is widely known as a framework for research on health services utilization.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data from 2,602 women aged 35 and older were analysed.
Results: The results of this study shown that the utilization of breast cancer screening was significantly related to predisposing factors, including age and marital status. Moreover, enabling factors, such as income, were also found to be related to screening utilization. However, need factors, such as perceived health status and limitation of activity, did not show a significant association with the utilization of breast cancer screening services.
Conclusions: This study identified factors significantly associated with the utilization of breast cancer screening among Korean women. The findings of this study will contribute to better understand the factors influencing the utilization of breast cancer screening and the development of policies for breast cancer prevention.
Perception of breast cancer and self-breast examination practices among women in Lucknow, north India
Authors: Shipra  , Kumari Reema , Singh Gitika Nanda , Singh V. K.
Published: January 2024

Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity among women worldwide. It is one of the prime health issues in developed and developing countries because of the high prevalence of known risk factors. In the present study, we assess the knowledge of breast cancer and breast self-examination (BSE) screening practices among women in the capital city, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, North India.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in urban and rural areas of Lucknow. The period of study was one year, starting from December 2020 to November 2021. Data were obtained from 400 adult women (212 rural and 193 urban) using a pretested, self-administered questionnaire. Participants aged >20 years were randomly selected from two rural and two urban community health centres (CHCs). The questionnaire assessed respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics, risk factors, signs and symptoms, early detection methods, and knowledge and practices related to self-breast examination among women in Lucknow.
Results: Out of 400 respondents, only 33.5% (rural) and 55.96% (urban) women had heard of breast cancer. 17.55% (rural) and 13.47% (urban) women had heard about BSE. 4.72% (rural) and 8.81% (urban) women practice BSE occasionally. Knowledge about breast cancer, its symptoms, risk factors, and screening methods was similarly poor in women of Lucknow.
Conclusions: This finding correlated significantly with older age, higher levels of education, and occupation. There is a low level of awareness of breast cancer in Lucknow's urban and rural areas. BSE is hardly practiced, though the willingness to learn it is high.
Statistical analysis of human papillomavirus prevalence and related factors in the North Tamil Nadu population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Shyam Poornima , Subramaniam S. , Siva Vijaiyan , Subramaniam Shyama
Published: January 2024

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in women worldwide. Cervical cancer is 95% caused by the consistent infection by high-risk human papillomavirus (Hr HPV). The incidence of this cancer is higher in developing countries.
Method: This study is a cohort study consisting of an analysis of data from patient detail and consent form 120 HPV-suspected samples collected from north Tamil Nadu namely Chennai, Pochampalli, Vellore, Kanchipuram, Dharmapuri, and Ambur. The incidence of HPV is seen to be slightly raised in these regions. This study deals with exploring factors like age, cervix conditions, comorbidities, and symptoms for testing in correlation with HPV positivity. All the values interpreted are in significance p<0.05. All statistics was calculated using SPSS version 22.
Results: This is a first-of-its-kind study in this population. This study aims to highlight the correlating factors of HPV infection and standardize a pattern to screen women. This timely screening will greatly reduce the impact of HPV-dependent cervical cancer. Factors like diabetes, inflamed cervix, erosion and age were seen to be positively correlated with HPV positive status and consequently with cervical cancer.
Conclusions: These factors may be applied to other population groups and predictive parameters for HPV dependent cervical cancers may be established.
Analysis of the total wastage of blood bags and various blood components in a blood bank of a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Kori Shivkumar , Yadav Yogesh R. , Banerjee Sujata , Bari Vaibhav
Published: January 2024

Background: Majority of the medical and surgical emergency procedures being dependent on Blood and blood components, it has played a vital role in patient management. This enlightens the importance and need of proper utilization of blood and its components by ensuring minimal wastage. Aim was to determine the percentage of blood and blood component wastage in a blood bank of a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: A retrospective study of donors from January 2015 to December 2020 was done in a blood bank of a tertiary care hospital located in western Maharashtra.
Results: Out of the total blood bags collected, 411 (2.8%) blood bag units were discarded due to seropositivity, 373 whole blood bags and 2588 platelet bags had to be discarded. The most common reason for discard of platelet bags were due to expiry; 1789 FFP (fresh frozen plasma) bags, 131 bags of PRBC (packed red blood cells), 85 bags of plasma and 235 cryoprecipitate bags were discarded due to various reasons.
Conclusions: Blood being an irreplaceable and important resource, needs to be properly utilized and ideally zero percent wastage should be encouraged. Training programmes for doctors on usage of blood / blood components is highly recommended.
Esophageal achalasia, an unexpected complication of COVID-19 post palatoplasty: a case report and literature review
Authors: Njokanma Azuka R. , Aborisade Adetayo , Ojo Olugbenga O. , Adeyemi Adewale C. , Njokanma Ada H. , Adumah Collins C.
Published: January 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-COV-2, has led to significant mortality worldwide. Despite the declaration in May, 2023 by the World Health Organization (WHO), that the COVID-19 pandemic in no longer a public health emergency of international concern, some survivors are experiencing post-infection complications, including esophageal achalasia. Esophageal achalasia is a rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by impaired esophageal motility and lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction. This study reviews the literature to explore the association between COVID-19 and achalasia and also presents a case of a 9-month-old child diagnosed with achalasia following COVID-19 infection; a unique occurrence in a young child. This study comprises a case report and a literature review. Clinical data for the case report was collected from medical records, while the literature review included a search of electronic databases from January 2020 to October 2023. Keywords related to COVID-19 and esophageal achalasia were utilized to conduct a search in electronic databases resulting in 9 selected articles. This study underscores the emerging concern of esophageal achalasia as a post-infection complication of COVID-19. It provides a unique case of a young child developing achalasia after COVID-19 infection and reviews the limited literature on this association. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and potential preventative measures for this rare complication in COVID-19 survivors.
Diabetes and the retinal changes in the eye: a threat to the sight
Authors: Srivastava Namrata , Chandra Mahesh , Nitesh
Published: January 2024

This article discusses the importance of diabetic retinopathy, an eye disease associated with diabetes, which is a systemic disease. The research question addresses the impact of diabetes on the retina of the eye through infection and clinical features. This approach is designed to improve the relationship between early diagnosis and treatment of disease, including laser surgery, corticosteroid injections, and vitrectomy. This article focuses on chronic diabetic retinopathy and eye examination recommendations in the United States and the United Kingdom. To prevent and manage diabetic retinopathy, it is recommended that diabetic patients have regular eye examinations. The results of this study include the importance of good glycaemic control, injections, photocoagulation, and vitrectomy as treatment options. Intravitreal long-acting steroids may also temporarily improve visual acuity by reducing macular oedema. However, long-term use of the drug may cause side effects and may lead to cataracts, steroid glaucoma, and endophthalmitis. It may cause reasons. A recent study of the disease in India shows that the incidence of high blood sugar and its effects on the eye is mainly diabetic retinopathy, including cataracts, neovascular glaucoma and even retinal detachment, which are very dangerous for eye health. Therefore, it is important to inform patients about this disease and perform timely screening because patients need to be informed carefully.
Prevalence of hepatitis b and hepatitis d co-infection in blood donors and hospital patients in east district of Sikkim
Authors: Bhutia Chumila Thinley , Das Deepak
Published: January 2024

Hepatitis Delta virus (HDV) is a small RNA virus responsible for causing both acute and chronic liver disease in persons infected with Hepatitis B. Chronic HDV infection worsens the preexisting HBV-related liver damage. Several reports mention that Hepatitis B and D frequently occur together and is called co-infection. However, no major study has been done on Hepatitis D in this region. Routine screening is not done for detection of Hepatitis D. Therefore there is insufficient data on its incidence or prevalence in this part of India.

The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Hepatitis B and D coinfection in blood donors and hospital patients in East District of Sikkim.

The one year study was carried out in Central Referral Hospital, Tadong and STNM Hospital (Sir Thutop Namgyal Memorial Hospital), Gangtok in the East district of Sikkim. A total of 64 serum samples positive for Hepatitis B were collected, analysed and screened for the presence of anti-HDV IgG antibody using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay [Human hepatitis D virus (HDV) antibody (IgG) ELISA Kit].

Out of 64 samples positive for HBsAg that were analysed one sample (1.6%) was positive for Hepatitis B and Hepatitis D co-infection.

Though the incidence of Hepatitis B & D coinfection is low but routine screening of blood donors for Hepatitis D should be done due to substantial risk of severe chronic liver diseases.
Emerging salivary biomarkers for squamous cell carcinoma in the oral cavity: A brief overview
Authors: Kotian Tejashwini , Gupta Ravi
Published: January 2024

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the oral cavity represents a significant health concern, demanding improved early diagnosis. Often it goes unnoticed in the oral cavity and is later detected only during multiple organ involvement. This brief review provides a concise exploration of the salivary biomarkers that hold immense promise for the early detection of oral Squamous cell carcinoma. With a focus on early detection that may revolutionize the management of this challenging disease and reduce future complications. This review focuses on the role of salivary biomarkers in early detection and planning a specific approach for the treatment of patients.
Experiencia de lectura de la obra de Fernanda Melchor: análisis de las reseñas en Goodreads
Authors: Reyes-Abundes Mariana , Cebral-Loureda Manuel
Published: January 2024

La experiencia de lectura de los usuarios de las redes sociales está influenciada por la cultura digital. En este artículo se analiza la experiencia de lectura de cientos de usuarios de la red social Goodreads, mediante el uso de técnicas de Procesamiento de Lenguaje Natural con programación en R, aplicadas a las reseñas de los libros de la escritora mexicana Fernanda Melchor. Se encontraron las palabras directa e inversamente frecuentes, las emociones vinculadas a las reseñas, los lexemas y verbos más relevantes, y se practicó una clasificación de tópicos. Los resultados muestran cómo los lectores reflexionan, de manera personal, sobre aspectos sociales, como la violencia o la pobreza, dando continuidad a las temáticas que aborda la propia autora.
Booktuber como práctica literaria en Educación Secundaria: revisión sistemática
Authors: Rodríguez-Gallego Margarita R. , De-Cecilia-Rodríguez Cristina , Domene-Martos Soledad , Ordóñez-Sierra Rosario
Published: January 2024

Este estudio muestra el estado actual sobre el uso de las redes sociales en los hábitos lectores de adolescentes y la intervención booktuber para el desarrollo de dicha competencia. Se planteó como objetivo principal la revisión sistemática de las ventajas, inconvenientes y evaluación de las redes sociales para fomentar la lectura y su repercusión en la práctica lectora booktuber. Como método cardinal se realizó una revisión sistemática siguiendo las directrices de la Declaración PRISMA 2020, utilizando como fuentes de información Scopus, WOS y Eric, recurriendo a herramientas de software como VOSviewer y ATLAS.ti8. Entre los principales resultados destacar que mayoritariamente los registros se publicaron entre los años 2021 y 2019; con una metodología de investigación fundamentalmente de carácter cuantitativo, siendo España el país que aporta más publicaciones sobre dicho fenómeno. Esta práctica aporta ventajas como apoyo emocional, fomento del sentido de pertenencia a la comunidad digital y, mayor compromiso y motivación en tareas de lectura digital. Entre las desventajas, falta de capacitación para su uso contextual y de recursos, acceso y soporte técnico. Confirmándose que existen experiencias avaladas por estudios científicos sobre el uso de las redes sociales e intervención booktuber para el desarrollo de la competencia literaria en secundaria.
Vidas de objetos en la literatura infantojuvenil y la it-fiction
Authors: Peñas-Ruiz Ana
Published: January 2024

En este trabajo se analiza un corpus de vidas de objetos, obras narrativas de la literatura infantojuvenil reciente protagonizadas por objetos cotidianos. Estos títulos se interpretarán a la luz de la it-fiction, un subgénero narrativo de los siglos XVIII y XIX destinado inicialmente a adultos que experimentó un desplazamiento destinatarios, comparando ambos sistemas literarios y sus públicos lectores, hecho de interés en el ámbito de la investigación sobre la lectura en general y las prácticas lectoras en particular. Del análisis efectuado a partir de las conexiones temáticas y formales entre estas producciones modernas y contemporáneas se concluyen sus vínculos filosóficos, estéticos y culturales, especialmente en cuanto síntomas y relatos de la relación que establecen las sociedades con los objetos que las rodean y configuran. Como se comprobará, estos protagonistas singulares trascienden su materialidad y, tal como revela el corpus analizado, interpelan a los lectores sobre la relación del ser humano con los artefactos, sobre la globalización y sobre las consecuencias del capitalismo en las sociedades postindustriales.
El reciclaje de cuentos clásicos en plataformas streaming: literatura transmedia en el aula universitaria
Authors: Zuñiga-Lacruz Ana
Published: January 2024

Los cuentos clásicos forman parte esencial de nuestro imaginario colectivo y cultural. Por ello es importante darlos a conocer a los estudiantes universitarios del área de educación y estudiarlos en profundidad, ya que desvelan muchas verdades de la condición humana, plantean cuestiones de alcance universal y sirven de referente de las creaciones literarias posteriores. Para que esta aproximación al relato clásico sea lo más efectiva y motivadora posible, es necesario aprovechar las posibilidades didácticas que brindan las tecnologías actuales y los contenidos audiovisuales que resignifican estos textos tradicionales. Por ello, en este artículo, por una parte, se reflexiona sobre la utilización pedagógica de las plataformas streaming –TIC como TAC, TEP y TRIC– que permiten el visionado a la carta de series televisivas que recrean los cuentos clásicos en un proceso de reciclaje transmedia; por otra, se estudia el concepto de «reciclaje», de difusión reciente, y su aplicación efectiva a contenidos audiovisuales inspirados en los relatos populares. Como confirmación de la necesaria alianza entre el legado cultural y los soportes actuales, se estudian, desde un enfoque transtextual, glosemático y semiótico-textual, varias escenas de la serie Once Upon a Time, en la que cobran vida y vigencia los personajes de cuentos.
Negociaciones urbanas en ejercicios de gobernanza experimental por el derecho a la ciudad: notas sobre la experiencia del colectivo Arquitectura Expandida
Authors: Lopez Ortego Ana Maria , Guyaux Harold , Parada Camargo Yudy Viviana
Published: January 2024

This article presents three types of experimental urban governance projects (Cano Blandón, 2021) led by the Arquitectura Expandida Collective in collaboration with various grassroots urban movements. These projects are characterized by the principles of the right to the city (Lefebvre, 1969) and radical and insurgent territorial planning (Miraftab, 2009). (1) Collaborative self-construction projects explore organizational forms for the self-construction and self-management of cultural spaces. (2) They engage in tactical provocation seeking to dynamize urban negotiations with different urban agents in situations of high conflict in public space through the use of furniture. (3) Collective cartographies play a significant role, as diverse urban languages — including hip-hop, agriculture, urban sports, or community cinema, among many others — are used to analyze the contradictions between urban culture and urban planning culture.
The Influence of Monitoring and Evaluation Reports On Sustainability of Donor-Funded Community-Based Education Projects: A Case of Arumeru District, Arusha Tanzania
Authors: Daniel John Wilson , Pallangyo Samson Emanuel
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of monitoring and evaluation Reports on sustainability of donor-funded community -based education projects in Arumeru district. The purposive sampling technique was used to select the participants. the study used a total of 102 participants. The study used a qualitative approach whereby interview and focus group discussion method were used during collection of data. An interview was used to gather data from the project implementers, whereas data from community members was collected through focus group discussion.  Data were analyzed using Content Analysis method.
The findings revealed that, , sustainability of donor-funded community-based education projects in Arumeru District lay down on community participation and project implementers. Sustainability of donor-funded community-based education projects require effective monitoring, and evaluation, as well as resource mobilization. The findings recommended that, community participation should be improved through provision of education, and effective communication to the people or community members. Provision of education and effective communication will rise up awareness for the community members about their participation roles in the sustainability of donor-funded community-based education projects in Tanzania. Also, project implementers should focus on building the capacity of the local community to make sure the project’s sustainability. This includes training community members in project management, leadership, and technical skills. By empowering the community, they will better be equipped with skills and knowledge that will help them to maintain and run the project after the donor funding had ended. Measurement and evaluation reports hold stakeholders accountable for the resources they have committed to the project. By providing regular updates on the project’s progress. Also, measurement and evaluation reports ensure that stakeholders remain engaged and motivated to continue their support.
The Impact Transfer of Power In Afghanistan From President Ashraf Ghani To The Taliban In South Asia Regional Security 2021
Authors: Saragih Hendra Maujana , Afriandi Edo
Published: January 2024

The international world is very shocked by the handover of power in Afghanistan that does not require military force carried out by a movement known as the Taliban. This study aims to determine the Taliban movement that is able to dominate Afghanistan and see its impact both on a national and regional scale in South Asia. The theory used is Transfer of Power and Regional Security. The method used in this paper is qualitative, namely explaining the phenomenon in depth by collecting data continuously. The implementation of this research procedure is by interviewing, observing and using data sourced from documents.
Wysoka jakość przestrzeni publicznej i usług miarą sukcesu małych miast we Wrocławskim Obszarze Metropolitalnym
Authors: Belof Magadalena , Kukuła Marta
Published: January 2024

W artykule zaprezentowano pozytywne zmiany, jakie w ostatnich latach zachodzą w sferze przestrzeni publicznych oraz usług w wybranych miastach znajdujących się w strefie oddziaływania metropolii wrocławskiej. Obszar metropolitalny Wrocławia posiada wyraźnie wykształconą strukturę policentryczną, co stwarza sytuację, w której mniejsze ośrodki konkurują o mieszkańców zarówno z miastem centralnym, jak też z gminami wiejskimi, gdzie przebiegają dynamiczne procesy suburbanizacji. W ostatnich latach czynnikiem sukcesu, którym jest zahamowanie odpływu lub wręcz zwiększenie liczby mieszkańców w małych miastach, wydaje się być świadoma polityka władz lokalnych skierowana na kreowanie wysokiej jakości przestrzeni publicznych i usług, w tym zwłaszcza usług społecznych. Aspiracją autorek jest próba zwery-fikowania tej tezy poprzez zbadanie korelacji pomiędzy poprawą jakości przestrzeni publicznych i usług a wzrostem atrakcyjności ośrodków jako miejsc zamieszkania w obszarze metropolitalnym.
Turystyka jako funkcja rozwoju małych miast województwa warmińsko-mazurskiego
Authors: Jasiński Janusz , Suchta Jerzy
Published: January 2024

W opracowaniu dokonano omówienia istniejącego potencjału turystycznego małych miast województwa warmińsko-mazurskiego oraz tendencji i możliwości jego rozwoju. Szczegółowe badania przeprowadzono w oparciu o wybrane dane statystyczne cech sektora turystycznego 38 małych miast województwa warmińsko-mazurskiego oraz analizę i ocenę 6 wybranych mierników walorów turystycznych. Kryterium wyodrębnienia małych miast stanowiła liczba ich mieszkańców do 20 tys. W celu wzbogacenia analizy przyjęto dodatkowy ich podział na miasta do 5 tys., 5‒10 tys., 10‒15 tys. i 15‒20 tys. mieszkańców. Wyniki badań pozwoliły na wyciągnięcie podstawowego wniosku, że doskonałe uwarunkowania przyrodniczo-krajobrazowe województwa warmińskomazur-skiego oraz licznie występujące tu obiekty zabytkowe, jak również dynamicznie rozwijająca się baza noclegowa i gastronomiczna wraz z obiektami i zapleczem rekreacyjnym stanowią o fakcie, że turystyka jest wiodącą dziedziną rozwoju małych miast województwa, generującą nowe miejsca pracy i wzrost dochodów ludności. Jednocześnie posiadają one duży potencjał konkurencyjny w zakresie rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego w oparciu o ich wysokie walory turystyczne w stosunku do małych miast zlokalizowanych w innych regionach Polski. Wskazano jednocześnie, że obecnie istotnym czynnikiem hamująco wpływającym na rozwój i wzmocnienie atrakcyjności turystycznej małych miast tego regionu, a co za tym idzie ich konkurencyjności turystycznej jest istniejący stan infrastruktury komunikacyjnej.
Przemiany struktury przestrzennej i dylematy rozwojowe Karpacza jako miasta turystycznego
Authors: Potocki Jacek , Kachniarz Marian , Szutka Kamil , Ziablicki Tomasz
Published: January 2024

Położony w Karkonoszach Karpacz jest przykładem miejscowości, która miejski charakter i status miasta uzyskała dzięki rozwojowi funkcji turystycznej. Wraz z jej rozwojem zmieniała się struktura przestrzenna miasta. Zmiany te z jednej strony wyrażały się zagęszczaniem rozproszonej pierwotnie zabudowy, z drugiej strony zaś ekspansją na dawne tereny rolne lub leśne. Sprzeciwia się temu część mieszkańców (w tym właścicieli istniejących już obiektów turystycznych), argumentując, że Karpacz osiągnął już górny pułap pojemności turystycznej. W ostatnich latach przedmiotem sporu jest stosunkowo rozległy teren we wschodniej części miasta przeznaczony w planie zagospodarowania przestrzennego na tereny rekreacyjne, wyłączone z zabudowy. W 2009 r. podjęta została próba (na razie nieudana) zmiany planu, która umożliwiłaby wybudowanie na tym terenie zespołu apartamentowców. Wzbudziło to protesty części mieszkańców. Przeprowadzone w 2011 r. badania ankietowe wykazały jednak, że zdecydowana większość mieszkańców części miasta, na której znajduje się sporny teren opowiada się za pozostawieniem jego dotychczasowej funkcji bez możliwości wprowadzania zabudowy. Karpacz jest typowym przykładem miasta, w którym istnieją wprawdzie miejscowe plany zagospodarowania przestrzennego, ale nie spełniają do końca swojej roli, ponieważ są zmieniane pod dyktando potencjalnych inwestorów.
Funkcja usługowa obiektów zabytkowych w małych miastach regionu łódzkiego
Authors: Kowalski Michał , Wiśniewski Szymon
Published: January 2024

Małe miasta o urbanistycznym historycznym układzie prostym z zachowanymi średniowiecznymi układami przestrzennymi stanowią istotną część sieci miast województwa łódzkiego (niespełna 16 % wszystkich miast i 33% wszystkich małych miast do 10 tys. mieszkańców). Znajdują się w nich liczne budynki zabytkowe, które tworzą wartość kulturową nie tylko w skali lokalnej, ale także regionalnej. Istnieją różne formy ochrony kształtowanego przez nie dziedzictwa kulturowego. Jedną z form pośredniej ochrony ich wartości są zapisy planistyczne określających funkcje tych obiektów. W ramach prowadzenia polityki przestrzennej należy zdefiniować, jakie formy użytkowania obiektów najlepiej służą utrzymywaniu i podnoszeniu jakości zabytków. W podjętych badaniach przeanalizowano wiek, stan zachowania, formę ochrony, stosunki własnościowe oraz przede wszystkim formę użytkowania budynków zabytkowych. Badania te mają na celu identyfikację optymalnych, z punktu widzenia utrzymania tych obiektów, zapisów planistycznych kształtujących tereny, na których one występują. W wyniku badań ustalono, iż najbardziej do zachowania obiektów zabytkowych przyczyniają się funkcje usługowe. Efektem tego była dokładniejsza analiza rodzajów usług i ich wpływu na stan zachowania zabytków.
To laugh or not to laugh: That is the question of humor techniques and sex differences
Authors: Chan Yu-Chen
Published: January 2024

A humor structure comprises two essential stages: the setup and the punch line. The punch line stage is to provide the incongruity resolution that creates amusement in humor. The current article aimed to look into how humor is amusing and how it differs between the sexes. Functional and effective connectivity analyses in cognitive and affective neuroscience have facilitated the implications of humor comprehension, appreciation, and laughter responses. The processing of incongruity-resolution humor revealed effective connectivity from the amygdala to the precuneus (amygdala → precuneus). Conversely, the processing of nonsense humor demonstrated effective connectivity from the amygdala to the inferior frontal gyrus (amygdala → IFG). During humor appreciation, there was effective connectivity from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the amygdala (VTA → amygdala) for incongruity resolution humor and nonsense humor. Interestingly, women exhibited greater activation in the mesolimbic reward system than men.
Thermodynamics of a Karatau and Aktobe phosphorites mixture interaction when producing phosphorus, calcium carbide and ferrosilicon
Authors: Shevko Viktor M. , Badikova Alexandra D. , Uteeva Raisa A. , Lavrov Boris A. , Amanov Daniel D.
Published: January 2024

Relevance. Associated with the need to increase the level of comprehensive use of phosphorites during their electrothermal processing and to reduce the amount of slag waste generated during the production of phosphorus and polluting the environment. Aim. To conduct computer thermodynamic modeling of the effect of temperature and amount of iron on technological parameters of interaction of a Karatau and Aktobe phosphorites mixture with carbon and iron to produce phosphorus, calcium carbide and ferrosilicon. Objects. Phosphorites of the Karatau and Aktobe phosphorite-bearing basins. Methods. Thermodynamic computer modeling using the HSC Chemistry 6.0 software; rotatable second-order experiment planning technique; geometric optimization of technological parameters. Results. It has been established that depending on temperature in a mixture of Karatau and Aktobe phosphorites with carbon and iron, they participate in interaction:  CaSiO3, SiO2, Si, SiC, SiO(g), MgSiO3, Al2SiO5, Na2SiO3 , Ca(g), CaO, CaC2, CaF2, CaS, Fe, FeSi, FeSiO3, FeP, Fe2P, Fe3P, FeP2, FeO, Fe3Si; Ca3(PO4)2, P2(g), P4(g). An increase in iron amount leads to an increase in the degree of silicon extraction into the alloy, and at 2000 °C reduces the extraction degree of calcium in CaC2 and the silicon concentration in the alloy. Branded calcium carbide with a volume of more than 230 dm3/kg and ferrosilicon FeSi25 are formed from a mixture of phosphorites, carbon and iron at 2077...2088 °C in the presence of 20...21.4 % iron and 43 % carbon (in this case, phosphorus is completely distilled off into the gas phase). Using our proposed method of electric smelting of phosphorites with phosphorus distillation and associated production of ferroalloy, in comparison with the traditional method, the indicator of integrated use of raw materials increases from 43.9 to 62.7...73.6 %, that is 1.43...1 ,67 times. The proposed processing technology helps to increase active reserves of phosphorites and bring low-grade phosphorites of the Aktobe basin into production.