bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relação entre a responsabilidade social corporativa e o gerenciamento de resultados
Authors: Hedlund Patrique , Brizolla Maria Margarete Baccin , De Lima Samuel Lyncon Leandro , Hein Nelson
Published: February 2024

A responsabilidade social corporativa (RSC) tem se tornado cada vez mais difundida no mundo empresarial, oferecendo vantagens tanto para as corporações quanto para a sociedade em geral. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a relação entre os investimentos divulgados em RSC e as práticas de gerenciamento de resultados por meio de accruals (GR) em empresas listadas na B3, a bolsa de valores do Brasil. A pesquisa foi realizada de forma descritiva, documental e quantitativa, abrangendo o período de 2015 a 2019. A amostra incluiu 295 observações de empresas brasileiras listadas na Brasil Bolsa Balcão. Os resultados revelaram uma relação negativa entre as práticas de RSC e GR, sugerindo que as empresas que divulgam informações não obrigatórias de RSC tendem a gerenciar os resultados com menor intensidade, priorizando a transparência e a qualidade das informações. Essas descobertas contribuem para o debate sobre o tema, pois são de interesse de todas as partes envolvidas com essas organizações. Em vez de encararem com ceticismo as empresas envolvidas em RSC, é possível avaliar que essas práticas refletem uma postura mais íntegra em termos de informações por parte das empresas.
Efeitos e desafios da extensão rural na província de Niassa-Moçambique: Entendimento dos chefes do nível provincial e distrital
Authors: Marassiro Mateus João , De Oliveira Marcelo Leles Romarco , Pereira Geusa da Purificação
Published: February 2024

Este artigo tem por objetivos avaliar o entendimento dos chefes da extensão rural na província de Niassa em Moçambique sobre os efeitos e os desafios destes serviços na agricultura familiar. Para tanto, a pesquisa utilizou o método qualitativo de investigação através de entrevista semiestruturada. A pesquisa foi realizada entre os meses de janeiro e junho de 2020, recorreu-se a uma amostragem não probabilística por conveniência, abrangendo um total de 10 gestores dos serviços de extensão rural, desde o nível provincial até o distrital. Os resultados dessa investigação mostram que a atuação da extensão rural na província de Niassa ainda enfrenta vários desafios. Os agricultores pouco participam dos eventos promovidos pelos órgãos de extensão rural na província e notou-se que, de alguma forma, a política de extensão rural não está alinhada às realidades sociais e econômicas desses sujeitos. Assim, para aumentar a eficiência desses serviços junto a agricultores familiares, seria necessário um ajuste no planejamento envolvendo os recursos financeiros e materiais assim como nas abordagens metodológicas a privilegiar o enfoque participativo.
M. Amin Syukur’s Socio-Sufism: Bridging Spiritual and Social Piety
Authors: Suhandi Suhandi , Ferlitasari Reni , Rohimah Luthfi , Achlami M.A.
Published: February 2024

The esoteric aspect of Islam, namely sufism, can provide essential values in influencing people's views and attitudes in their lives that, in turn, motivate them to achieve their goals in life as individuals and as a collective society. This study aims to analyse sufism as part of Islamic teachings, emphasising aspects of social morality (equality, compassion, mutual help, tolerance, ukhuwwah or brotherhood) initiated by M. Amin Syukur. This study applies a qualitative method using a content analysis approach. The results discovered that M. Amin Syukur promotes social sufism, i.e., sufism that concerns social life. Such sufism has characteristics, namely humane, empirical, and functional. M. Amin Syukur's Sufistic idea is rich in human values for creating social order and good community relations.Contribution: This study provides a new understanding that the function of sufism in society can be measured by its role, i.e. its contribution to society. Those who perform spiritual journey (sālik) must be active in all aspects of life, such as economy, politics, and society. Such Sufism by M. Amin Syukur is called social sufism.
Research on the joint adjustment model of regional water resource network based on the network flow theory
Authors: Ye Zhou , Ding Lin , Liu Zhisong , Chen Fang
Published: February 2024

This study uses the network flow theory to optimize regional water resource allocation. In order to solve the problem of inefficient utilization of water resources with decentralized decision-making by different administrative units, a regional water resource networking and joint dispatching model with multi-objective nonlinear characteristics based on the network flow theory (hereinafter referred to as the network flow model) is constructed in the study. The network flow model was simulated and applied in the Xin-Sheng area of the Cao'e River, a tributary of the Qiantang River, and the results of the study showed that the network flow model scheduling increased significantly in efficiency compared with the current conventional scheduling, with an increase of 35.24 and 9.91% in the water resource utilization rate in the two typical years of 2019 and 2022, respectively, and showed that 2022, which has less rainfall, has a better effect than 2019. The study concludes that the network flow model can effectively improve the efficiency of water resource utilization, solve the problem of water resource imbalance between cities in the region, and play a positive role in the construction of the national water network.
Application of a multiparameter sonde for real-time monitoring of seawater quality in Durrës Bay in Albania
Authors: Marku Elda , Tahiraj Jonida , Lazo Pranvera , Drushku Spiro , Qarri Flora , Nuro Aurel , Myrtaj Bledar
Published: February 2024

Coastal areas are characterized by a high population and a wide range of industrial and agricultural activities, which puts them under high pressure and continuous pollution from anthropogenic activities. This research focuses on the application of HYDROLAB HL7 multiparameter sonde equipped with smart sensors for the measurement of physical–chemical parameters in marine waters in the Durrës Bay. The sonde is part of a transnational repository network that receives, stores, and analyzes data about seawater quality, serving as an early warning system for preventing the diffusion of marine pollution. This sophisticated instrument can thrive in demanding environmental conditions for long-term continuous monitoring. It maximizes deployment lifespan, and provides traceable data for high-quality, reliable monitoring of vital changes in water quality. Low variability on the measured parameters indicates a stable status in the water quality of the Durrës site. Time series revealed small seasonal variations on all parameters, except turbidity and water temperature. Total dissolved solids, salinity, and electrical conductivity revealed similar temporal trends over the monitoring period by indicating strong relationships between them. The obtained data for the physical–chemical parameters in this study align with the recommended values. Ensuring water quality in the Durrës Bay requires advanced monitoring, regulatory measures, and community engagement.
Detection of endotoxins from selected drinking water microbiota using an LAL-based assay and its implications for human health
Authors: Hawer Harmen , Burmester Rebecca , Sonnenberg Nadine , Weiß Katja
Published: February 2024

Endotoxins are pyrogenic lipopolysaccharides from Gram-negative bacteria that are known to induce fever, septic shock, and multiple organ failure, posing a substantial risk to human health. Drinking water systems are especially prone to home microbiomes containing a large variety of Gram-negative bacteria. Consumption of water from these systems in developed countries is generally regarded as non-hazardous to humans due to the low number of non-pathogenic bacterial cells per milliliter and oral admission. To assess potential risks posed by endotoxins in drinking water systems, we conducted a conventional microbiological investigation on a local community water system in the north of Germany and mined the resulting data to investigate the endotoxin contents of some of the most abundant microbiota found during these analyses. Using a Limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) -based endotoxin detection method, average normalized endotoxin content was determined. Although the average culturable amounts of microbiota in the drinking water system were insufficient to exert endotoxin levels critical to human health, peaks and acute contaminations may pose substantial health risks.
Integrated assessment of future climate and land use changes on urban floods: A Markov chain and PCSWMM-based approach for Hyderabad case study
Authors: Sagar Kumar Manchikatla , Umamahesh N. V.
Published: February 2024

This research examines the impact of climate change and urban expansion on urban drainage systems in Hyderabad (Zone-XII, Zone-IV&V), India. It employs a Markov chain-based framework to simulate future climate and land changes. Integrated 1D-2D PCSWMM model is used to assess the hazards posed by these changes. Present and future extreme rainfall event(s) (1–10 days) are simulated to determine maximum flooding hours, valuable for resilience studies. Future rainfall events are simulated under four SSP scenarios using CMIP6 Global Climate Models (GCMs): EC-Earth3-Veg, MPI-ESM-1-2-HR, and MPI-ESM-1-2-LR. The Markov Chain Precipitation Generator (MCPG) model downscales grid-scale precipitation data to station-scale. Future urban land expansion is simulated using the Markov Chain-Cellular Automata (MC-CA) model with Terrset. MCPG model is validated using performance measures, and it showed most increased rainfall events under EC-Earth3-Veg. The MC-CA model obtained a Kappa coefficient of 0.89, indicating an increase in imperviousness in future LULC; 6.1% of vegetation and 29.06% of barren land in 2022 will be urbanized by 2075. A significant increase in extreme flood hazard areas for the 1-day and above 7-day events in the both zones is observed from the PCSWMM results. The study highlighted the importance of Markov chains and event duration in flood hazard assessments.
Stein’s Anthropological Approach to the Humanities
Authors: Janik Piotr
Published: February 2024

Should we approach the lived experience and/or understand the other with the sense of things? If this is the case, how are we to treat the human experience par excellence? Paradoxically, Edith Stein gives a fresh meaning to the Husserlian term “leiblicheSelbstgegebenheit.” In contrast to Max Scheler’s account, she develops the “persönliche Note” criterion of authenticity. And against Maetin Heidegger’s existential philosophy, a concern for human existence itself resonates. Based on these three dimensions, this article discusses the idea of “the lived experience” according to Edith Stein, that is, the human experience contemplated by the humanities.

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Received: 03/02/2023. Reviewed: 16/03/2023. Accepted: 30/03/2023.
Passivos Trabalhistas, Turnover e a Felicidade no Trabalho nas Empresas listadas na Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão – B3
Authors: Alves Bruna Ribeiro , Gonçalves Marcelo Cavalie , Dagostini Luciane , Meurer Alison Martins
Published: February 2024

O estudo teve por objetivo analisar a associação entre passivos trabalhistas, turnover e felicidade no trabalho das empresas listadas na B3, denominada de Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão [B3]. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um levantamento que interseccionou 415 empresas listadas na [B3] e que, posteriormente, foram confrontadas com as empresas que compõem o ranking das Melhores Empresas Para se Trabalhar elaborado pela Revista Você S/A, no qual encontra-se o Índice de Felicidade no Trabalho. O turnover e os Passivos Trabalhistas foram definidos mediante busca nas demonstrações financeiras e notas explicativas das empresas entre os anos de 2015 a 2019. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio da correlação de Spearman e para os testes adicionais de diferenças de grupos foi utilizada a Análise de Cluster na definição dos agrupamentos e o teste de Kruskal-Wallis para verificar as possíveis diferenças entre grupos. Os achados indicaram associações significantes entre passivos trabalhistas, turnover e felicidade no trabalho, sendo constatada uma oposição das proposições teóricas com os resultados obtidos neste estudo. Os resultados destacam a importância de observar possíveis efeitos destas variáveis dentro de uma organização sejam eles negativos ou positivos, e, a importância da divulgação destes dados a fim de aprimorar possíveis análises futuras.
Therapeutic Potential of Iron Chelators in Viral Diseases: A
Systematic Review
Authors: Lori Maryam Shamseddini , Khandani Azade Kalantari , Dehghannoudeh Gholamreza , Ohadi Mandana , Ansari Mehdi
Published: February 2024

Background:

Iron chelators (ICs) have recently emerged as one of the new
methods of treatment for viral infections. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency
and safety of natural ICs compared to synthetic ICs. Natural and synthetic ICs are the
most common therapeutic agents tested for the treatment of viral infections. When evaluated
against synthetic ICs, natural ICs are probably favored owing to their lower toxicity
and safer properties. The main objective of the present systematic review was to assess
the current evidence on the role of pharmacological mechanisms in the treatment of viral
infections.

Methods:

This study was designed as a systematic review in which search strategies
were focused on two electronic databases, PubMed, and Scopus, between 2017 and
2021. A search filter with two subjects, “iron chelators” and “viral infection”, was employed.

Results:

According to the results, both natural and synthetic chelators had a considerable
impact on the treatment of viral infections via various mechanisms, with natural
ICs being the most extensively used.

Conclusion:

Natural and synthetic ICs exert their effects through different pharmacological
mechanisms. Among these compounds, natural chelators are more widely used due
to their safety, efficacy, and a wider range of applications.
Long Non-coding RNA DLEU1 Promotes Progression of Osteoarthritis via
miR-492/TLR8 Axis
Authors: Ni Chenzhe , Zhang Wanglin , Qiu Sai , Cheng Hao , Ma Chunhui
Published: February 2024

Background:

Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are generally reported to participate in the development of Osteoarthritis (OA) by acting as competing endogenous RNAs
(ceRNAs). However, the molecular mechanism is largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the possible mechanisms contributing to osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods:

Four gene expression profiles from patients with OA were downloaded from a public
database and integrated to screen important RNAs associated with OA. Differentially expressed
(DE) lncRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), and mRNAs were filtered, and a ceRNA network was
constructed. An in vitro OA model was established by treating chondrocytes with IL-1β. The
expression levels of MMP-13, COL2A1, aggrecan, and RUNX2 were detected by qRT-PCR and
western blot. Cell proliferation ability was detected by CCK-8 assay. Flow cytometry was used
for apoptosis assay. A dual luciferase reporter gene was used to confirm the relationship between
DLEU1, miR-492, and TLR8

Results:

An OA-related ceRNA network, including 11 pathways, 3 miRNAs, 7 lncRNAs, and 16
mRNAs, was constructed. DLEU1 and TLR8 were upregulated, and miR-492 was downregulated
in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes. Overexpression of DLEU1 suppressed viability and promoted
apoptosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in IL-1β induced chondrocytes. Luciferase
reporter assay validated the regulatory relations among DLEU1, miR-492, and TLR8. Further
study revealed that the effects of DLEU1 on chondrocytes could be reversed by miR-492.

Conclusion:

DLEU1 may be responsible for the viability, apoptosis, and ECM degradation in
OA via miR-492/TLR8 axis
AEG-1 as a Novel Therapeutic Target in Colon Cancer: A Study from
Silencing AEG-1 in BALB/c Mice to Large Data Analysis
Authors: Sriramulu Sushmitha , Malayaperumal Sarubala , Banerjee Antara , Anbalagan Muralidharan , Kumar Makalakshmi Murali , Radha Rajesh Kanna Nandagopal , Liu Xingyi , Zhang Hong , Hu Guang , Sun Xiao-Feng , Pathak Surajit
Published: February 2024

Background:

Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) is overexpressed in various malignancies. Exostosin-1 (EXT-1), a tumor suppressor, is an intermediate for malignant tumors. Understanding the mechanism behind the interaction between AEG-1 and EXT-1 may provide insights
into colon cancer metastasis.

Methods:

AOM/DSS was used to induce tumor in BALB/c mice. Using an in vivo-jetPEI transfection reagent, transient transfection of AEG-1 and EXT-1 siRNAs were achieved. Histological scoring, immunohistochemical staining, and gene expression studies were performed from excised tissues. Data from the Cancer Genomic Atlas and GEO databases were obtained to identify the expression status of AEG-1 and itsassociation with the survival.

Results:

In BALB/c mice, the AOM+DSS treated mice developed necrotic, inflammatory and dysplastic changes in the colon with definite clinical symptoms such as loss of goblet cells, colon
shortening, and collagen deposition. Administration of AEG-1 siRNA resulted in a substantial decrease in the disease activity index. Mice treated with EXT-1 siRNA showed diffusely reduced goblet cells. In vivo investigations revealed that PTCH-1 activity was influenced by upstream gene
AEG-1, which in turn may affect EXT-1 activity. Data from The Cancer Genomic Atlas and GEO
databases confirmed the upregulation of AEG-1 and downregulation of EXT-1 in cancer patients.

Conclusions:

This study revealed that AEG-1 silencing might alter EXT-1 expression indirectly
through PTCH-1, influencing cell-ECM interactions, and decreasing dysplastic changes, proliferation and invasion.
Efficacy and Safety of Bempedoic Acid in Patients with High Cardiovascular
Risk: An Update
Authors: Caklili Ozge Telci , Rizzo Manfredi , Cesur Mustafa
Published: February 2024

:

Statins play a significant role in the prevention of cardiovascular (CV) diseases (CVDs);
however, non-adherence with statin treatment or statin intolerance (mainly attributed to muscleassociated
side effects) is not uncommon. New agents such as bempedoic acid (BA) can provide
more treatment options. BA is administered orally, once daily, at a dose of 180 mg in current clinical
practice. It can decrease circulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels by nearly
30% as monotherapy or by 20% as an add-on to statins. CV outcome studies have shown that BA
decreases major adverse CV event risk in patients with established CVD or high CV risk by 13%.
When patients with high CV risk were analyzed alone, the risk reduction was 30%. Its side effects
include a rise in serum uric acid levels and liver enzyme activity, whereas it does not increase diabetes
risk as statins do. BA can be used as adjunctive therapy to statins in patients at high CV risk in
whom lipid targets cannot be achieved or as an alternative to statins in patients with statin intolerance.
Sagittal Abdominal Diameter as the Best Predictor of Metabolic
Syndrome in HIV-Infected Men on Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Drvendžija Zorka , Galić Biljana Srdić , Vujanović Miloš , Marić Daniela , Jovanović Nina Brkić , Brkić Snežana , Turkulov Vesna , Ilić Dalibor
Published: February 2024

Background:

The interaction of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), host and antiretroviral
therapy (ART) causes a range of metabolic disorders that can be characterized as a
metabolic syndrome (MetS) that increases the cardiovascular risk. MetS involves central obesity,
which can be detected using different anthropometric parameters.

Objective:

To assess the abilities of different anthropometric parameters in the prediction of MetS
in HIV-infected men on ART.

Method:

The study involved 92 male participants (mean age 44.46±10.38 years), divided into two
groups: with and without MetS. All subjects underwent biochemical evaluation (triglycerides,
HDL-cholesterol, fasting glucose), blood pressure measurement and anthropometric assessment:
body mass, body height, body mass index (BMI), body fat mass, body circumferences (chest, upper
arm, forearm, waist, hip, proximal and middle thigh and calf), sagittal abdominal diameter
(SAD), skinfold thicknesses (subscapular, anterior and posterior upper arm, anterior and lateral
forearm, abdominal, supraspinal, thigh and calf), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio
(WHtR), waist-to-thigh ratio (WTR), sagittal abdominal diameter–to-body height ratio (SADH),
body adiposity index (BAI) and conicity index. MetS was specified according to IDF criteria.

Results:

Subjects with MetS had statistically significant higher values of all anthropometric parameters
except middle thigh circumference, calf skinfold and body height. According to ROC
analysis and Binary Logistic Regression, SAD has been shown as the best predictor of MetS with
a predictive value of 21.40 cm (AUC:0.91), followed by WHR with a predictive value of 0.93.

Conclusion:

Sagittal abdominal diameter is the strongest anthropometric indicator of MetS in
HIV-infected patients on ART.
Exploration of Fingerprints and Data Mining-based Prediction of Some Bioactive Compounds from Allium sativum as Histone Deacetylase 9
(HDAC9) Inhibitors
Authors: Das Totan , Bhattacharya Arijit , Jha Tarun , Gayen Shovanlal
Published: February 2024

Background:

Histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) is an important member of the class
IIa family of histone deacetylases. It is well established that over-expression of HDAC9 causes
various types of cancers including gastric cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, liver cancer,
lung cancer, lymphoblastic leukaemia, etc. The important role of HDAC9 is also recognized in
the development of bone, cardiac muscles, and innate immunity. Thus, it will be beneficial to
find out the important structural attributes of HDAC9 inhibitors for developing selective
HDAC9 inhibitors with higher potency.

Methods:

The classification QSAR-based methods namely Bayesian classification and recursive
partitioning method were applied to a dataset consisting of HADC9 inhibitors. The structural
features strongly suggested that sulphur-containing compounds can be a good choice for
HDAC9 inhibition. For this reason, these models were applied further to screen some natural
compounds from Allium sativum. The screened compounds were further accessed for the ADME
properties and docked in the homology-modelled structure of HDAC9 in order to find important
amino acids for the interaction. The best-docked compound was considered for molecular
dynamics (MD) simulation study.

Results:

The classification models have identified good and bad fingerprints for HDAC9 inhibition.
The screened compounds like ajoene, 1,2 vinyl dithiine, diallyl disulphide and diallyl trisulphide
had been identified as compounds having potent HDAC9 inhibitory activity. The results
from ADME and molecular docking study of these compounds show the binding interaction
inside the active site of the HDAC9. The best-docked compound ajoene shows satisfactory
results in terms of different validation parameters of MD simulation study.

Conclusion:

This in-silico modelling study has identified the natural potential lead (s) from Allium
sativum. Specifically, the ajoene with the best in-silico features can be considered for further
in-vitro and in-vivo investigation to establish as potential HDAC9 inhibitors.
Genotype and Phenotype Association Analysis Based on Multi-omics Statistical Data
Authors: Guo Xinpeng , Song Yafei , Xu Dongyan , Jin Xueping , Shang Xuequn
Published: February 2024

Background:

When using clinical data for multi-omics analysis, there are issues such as
the insufficient number of omics data types and relatively small sample size due to the protection of
patients' privacy, the requirements of data management by various institutions, and the relatively
large number of features of each omics data. This paper describes the analysis of multi-omics pathway
relationships using statistical data in the absence of clinical data.

Methods:

We proposed a novel approach to exploit easily accessible statistics in public databases.
This approach introduces phenotypic associations that are not included in the clinical data and uses
these data to build a three-layer heterogeneous network. To simplify the analysis, we decomposed
the three-layer network into double two-layer networks to predict the weights of the inter-layer associations.
By adding a hyperparameter β, the weights of the two layers of the network were
merged, and then k-fold cross-validation was used to evaluate the accuracy of this method. In calculating
the weights of the two-layer networks, the RWR with fixed restart probability was combined
with PBMDA and CIPHER to generate the PCRWR with biased weights and improved accuracy.

Results:

The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was increased by approximately
7% in the case of the RWR with initial weights.

Conclusion:

Multi-omics statistical data were used to establish genotype and phenotype correlation
networks for analysis, which was similar to the effect of clinical multi-omics analysis.
Biogenic Synthesis and Characterization of Ethyl Ferulate Gold Nanoparticle and its Efficacy against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Unnikrishnan Jyothsna , Hegde Mangala , Kumar Aviral , Girisa Sosmitha , Satpati Priyadarshi , Kunnumakkara Ajaikumar B.
Published: February 2024

Background:

Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) presents a significant challenge
due to its aggressive nature and lack of responsive hormone receptors, predominantly affecting
younger premenopausal women. Ethyl ferulate (EF), a notable phytochemical, has demonstrated
promising anti-cancer properties. This study aimed to enhance the efficacy of EF by synthesizing
and characterizing ethyl ferulate gold nanoparticles (EF-AuNps) to passively target TNBC cells
via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect.

Methods:

We synthesized EF-AuNps using a direct reduction method and characterized the NPs
by employing various techniques, including UV-visible spectroscopy, DLS, XRD, EDX, TEM,
and FT-IR. The anti-proliferative activity against MDA-MB-231 cells was assessed using MTT
and colony formation assays, alongside evaluating cell viability with PI-FACS and live/dead assays.
Furthermore, a Western blot was performed to determine the mechanism of action of EFAuNps
in TNBC cells.

Result:

We successfully synthesized triangular EF-AuNps (< 100nm) and observed a substantial inhibition
of cell proliferation (IC50 18μg/ml). Compared to EF alone, EF-AuNps significantly enhanced
cell death in TNBC cells, as confirmed by flow cytometry and viability assays. Besides,
Western blot analysis verified that the expression of apoptotic-related signal proteins, such as survivin,
caspase 3, and caspase 9, were modulated by EF-AuNps.

Conclusion:

EF-AuNps showed higher anti-cancer efficacy than EF in the MDA-MB-231 cell
line. These findings suggest the therapeutic potential of EF-AuNps for TNBC treatment, advocating
for further preclinical and clinical investigations into this promising anti-cancer formulation.
Remote Sensing Revolution: Mapping Land Productivity and Vegetation
Trends with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)
Authors: Harle Shrikant , Bhagat Amol , Dash Ashish Kumar
Published: February 2024

This review paper offers a comprehensive exploration of the multifaceted applications of
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in various domains, showcasing their transformative impact in
addressing complex challenges. The evaluation of cloud-based UAV systems' stability reveals their
robustness and reliability, underlining their significance in numerous industries. Additionally, their
role in enhancing robot navigation in intricate environments signifies a substantial advancement in
robotics and automation. The integration of blockchain technology for secure Internet of Things
(IoT) data transfer emphasizes the critical importance of data integrity and confidentiality in the IoT
era. Furthermore, the optimization of energy-efficient data collection in IoT networks through UAVs
demonstrates their potential to revolutionize data-driven decision-making processes, particularly in
fields reliant on data accuracy and timeliness. The paper also highlights the application of deep reinforcement
learning to enhance UAV-assisted IoT data collection, showcasing the synergy between
advanced machine learning techniques and UAV technology. Finally, the discussion underscores the
pivotal role of UAVs in precision agriculture, where they facilitate ecological farming practices and
monitor environmental conditions, contributing to the pursuit of sustainable and efficient agriculture.
This review reaffirms UAVs' status as transformative tools, reshaping industries and unlocking new
frontiers of innovation and problem-solving. With ongoing technological advancements, UAVs are
poised to play an increasingly central role in a wide range of applications, promising a future marked
by ground breaking possibilities. Key findings include the dominance of the United States and China
in the field, exploration of characteristics such as crop production, and innovative UAV-based methods
for grassland mapping, maize growth assessment, and Arctic plant species monitoring. The research
underscores the potential of UAVs in bridging field data and satellite mapping, providing
valuable insights into diverse applications, from soil analysis to yield predictions, highlighting their
transformative role in environmental monitoring and precision agriculture
Animal Models for Cancer
Authors: Alonazi Fahad N. , Hawsawi Yousef M. , Alanazi Helal G. , Alqarni Adel M. , Alghamdi Suad A. , Alanazi Rakan J.
Published: February 2024

Cancer is a complex multifactorial disease that affects many people
worldwide. Animal models play an important role in deciphering cancer biology and
developing new therapies. The animal models widely used in cancer research include
tumor xenografts, genetically engineered mice, chemically induced models, and
spontaneous tumor models. These models provide a controlled environment to study
cancer progression, the interaction of cancer and the immune system, and the
effectiveness of new therapies. Although animal models have several advantages, it is
important to identify their limitations and use them in conjunction with other
preclinical models, such as in-vitro cell culture and patient-derived xenografts, to
ensure that results are transferable to humans. In this chapter, we discuss the
importance of animal models in cancer research, the different types of animal models,
and their advantages and disadvantages. We also provide some examples of animal
models used in cancer research. Collectively, animal models have been invaluable in
advancing our understanding of cancer and will continue to be important tools in the
development of new therapies.
Animal Models in Dentistry
Authors: Ali Alnajim Jana , Abdullah Almutairi Huda , Jamal Alanazi Khalid
Published: February 2024

Dentistry is a medical specialty that deals with teeth and gums, and animal
models play an important part in its research and teaching. The use of animal models
dates back centuries, and animals such as dogs, cats, rabbits, and horses have been
utilized to investigate dental diseases and the anatomy and function of teeth. The
selection criteria for animal models include their human-like physiology, the
accessibility of relevant genetic resources, and usability and affordability. Animals are
employed for research on various dental conditions, such as periodontal disease, dental
caries, and oral cancer. Periodontitis is a dangerous gum infection that can lead to tooth
loss, frequently brought on by a lack of oral hygiene. Dental caries are studied in
animal models, and new preventative and therapeutic methods are explored. Oral
cancer is studied, and its course and therapies are tested using animal models. The use
of test methods specified by the International Organization for Standardization has
helped to evaluate the biological reaction of various dental substances. Hamsters,
which are usually correlated to mice, are employed to examine the features of
periodontal and cariogenic diseases. Disease transmission can be studied in these
animals as well. The dog periodontium is the one that most closely resembles that of
humans. Canine periodontal disease is highly reflective of its human counterpart, and
gingival recession is a hallmark of periodontitis in dogs, as it is in humans. Although
animal models have been instrumental in the field of dentistry, there is not a single
animal model that adequately replicates human soft and hard tissues, and it is crucial to
choose an experimental model in light of the goals of the study.
Theory of Reasoned Action : Purchasing Behavior of Batik Jambi
Authors: Utami Febby Nanda , Usmayanti Vivi , Fahdillah Yosi , Yossinomita Yossinomita , Pasaribu Johni Paul Karolus , Kartika Yulia Dwi
Published: February 2024

One uniqueness that can be identified as a historical heritage in Indonesia is Batik. Almost every region in Indonesia has its characteristics, including motifs, color patterns, and philosophical meanings. In Jambi, Batik is always worn on formal occasions and has even become the community's uniform at various events. On the other hand, in terms of sales, MSMEs must maintain their brand quality and compete competitively in the market. Therefore, this study investigates consumers' brand image, attitude, and intention to buy Batik and the decision of consumer behavior to buy Batik as an implementation of the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA). One hundred eighty-eight participants from Jambi province participated in filling out this online questionnaire. Then, the data that has been collected is tested using PLS-SEM. The results showed that all elements of TRA had a positive effect on the buying behavior of Batik in Jambi.
Studies of Social Anxiety Using Ambulatory Assessment: Systematic Review
Authors: Fernández-Álvarez Javier , Colombo Desirée , Gómez Penedo Juan Martín , Pierantonelli Maitena , Baños Rosa María , Botella Cristina
Published: February 2024

Background

There has been an increased interest in understanding social anxiety (SA) and SA disorder (SAD) antecedents and consequences as they occur in real time, resulting in a proliferation of studies using ambulatory assessment (AA). Despite the exponential growth of research in this area, these studies have not been synthesized yet.

Objective

This review aimed to identify and describe the latest advances in the understanding of SA and SAD through the use of AA.

Methods

Following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, a systematic literature search was conducted in Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science.

Results

A total of 70 articles met the inclusion criteria. The qualitative synthesis of these studies showed that AA permitted the exploration of the emotional, cognitive, and behavioral dynamics associated with the experience of SA and SAD. In line with the available models of SA and SAD, emotion regulation, perseverative cognition, cognitive factors, substance use, and interactional patterns were the principal topics of the included studies. In addition, the incorporation of AA to study psychological interventions, multimodal assessment using sensors and biosensors, and transcultural differences were some of the identified emerging topics.

Conclusions

AA constitutes a very powerful methodology to grasp SA from a complementary perspective to laboratory experiments and usual self-report measures, shedding light on the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral antecedents and consequences of SA and the development and maintenance of SAD as a mental disorder.
Barriers and Facilitators to Teledermatology and Tele-Eye Care in Department of Veterans Affairs Provider Settings: Qualitative Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Li Yiwen , Pope Charlene , Damonte Jennifer , Spates Tanika , Maa April , Chen Suephy , Yeung Howa
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Veterans Affairs health care systems have been early adopters of asynchronous telemedicine to provide access to timely and high-quality specialty care services in primary care settings for veterans living in rural areas. Scant research has examined how to expand primary care team members’ engagement in telespecialty care.

OBJECTIVE

This qualitative study aimed to explore implementation process barriers and facilitators to using asynchronous telespecialty care (teledermatology and tele-eye care services).

METHODS

In total, 30 participants including primary care providers, nurses, telehealth clinical technicians, medical and program support assistants, and administrators from 2 community-based outpatient clinics were interviewed. Semistructured interviews were conducted using an interview guide, digitally recorded, and transcribed. Interview transcripts were analyzed using a qualitative content analysis summative approach. Two coders reviewed transcripts independently. Discrepancies were resolved by consensus discussion.

RESULTS

In total, 3 themes were identified from participants’ experiences: positive perception of telespecialty care, concerns and challenges of implementation, and suggestions for service refinement. Participants voiced that the telemedicine visits saved commute and waiting times and provided veterans in rural areas more access to timely medical care. The mentioned concerns were technical challenges and equipment failure, staffing shortages to cover both in-person and telehealth visit needs, overbooked schedules leading to delayed referrals, the need for a more standardized operation protocol, and more hands-on training with formative feedback among supporting staff. Participants also faced challenges with appointment cancellations and struggled to find ways to efficiently manage both telehealth and in-person visits to streamline patient flow. Nonetheless, most participants feel motivated and confident in implementing telespecialty care going forward.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provided important insights into the positive perceptions and ongoing challenges in telespecialty care implementation. Feedback from primary care teams is needed to improve telespecialty care service delivery for rural veterans.
Social Media Use and Serious Psychological Distress Among Adolescents (Preprint)
Authors: Shimkhada Riti , Ponce Ninez
Published: February 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

This Research Letter describes the increasing trend of almost constant social media use among California adolescents aged 12-17 between 2019-2021 and an examination of the association between social media use with serious psychological distress. Using multivariate logistic regression models, this study finds a positive association between almost constant social media use and serious psychological distress, controlling for demographics, family connection, and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). While acknowledging the cross-sectional nature of the data as a limitation, the findings add to the growing literature on the possible implications of growing social media use on mental health and underscore the importance of considering familial and experiential factors in examining mental health implications of pervasive social media use among adolescents.
Modelo para estimar el desempeño fiscal municipal utilizando un método de regresión lineal múltiple
Authors: Madrigal Delgado Guadalupe de Jesus
Published: February 2024

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo la determinación de un modelo pronóstico para ayudar a las haciendas municipales a anticipar su desempeño en evaluaciones fiscales e implementar acciones para mejorar los resultados en su gestión local. Se utilizó el software EVIEWS para el cálculo del modelo pronóstico mediante una regresión lineal múltiple. Los resultados indican la capacidad fiscal, autonomía tributaria y el predial son los que mejor explican el desempeño fiscal de las haciendas municipales y además el impacto que tiene cada uno de estos indicadores en el resultado final de las evaluaciones.
Pendugaan Cadangan Karbon Dengan Citra Sentinel-2B dan Terrestrial Laser Scanner Di Kawasan Hutan Dengan Tujuan Khusus (KHDTK) Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Kehutanan Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Mulawarman
Authors: Fauzan Muhammad Rafii Nur , Sulistioadi Yohanes Budi , Suhardiman Ali
Published: February 2024

Measurement of forest carbon on the ground in a large scale is time-consuming and expensive. This research utilized remote sensing with Sentinel-2B image through its Vegetation Index and related those values with those obtained from field measurements and Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS). This study specifically compares the forest stand carbon value using TLS and field measurements and link it to the vegetation index. This study transforms the vegetation indices, i.e.: Transformed Vegetation Index (TVI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Simple Ratio (SR) from Sentinel-2B imagery and relates them with field measurements and TLS. The calculation of carbon in forest stands using TLS revealed an average carbon of 151.35 ton/Ha. In contrast, in the field measurements, carbon was measured at 149.81 ton/Ha, and statistically, there was no difference between these two measurements. The relationship between the vegetation index and field measurements showed the best coefficient of correlation of TVI with (r) = 0.784 and (R2) = 0.524. The relationship between the vegetation index and TLS measurements showed the best coefficient of correlation of TVI with (r) = 0.759 and the coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.577.
Den engagerade reportern: Svenska sociala reportage 1910–2010
Authors: Aare Cecilia
Published: February 2024

Social reportages are written by reporters who fight for the weak and expose injustices. So it is said in the profession, in handbooks and among the genre’s supporters. But what is hidden behind the ideal? And what does the commitment look like when it is converted into text? This book highlights reportages by some of the 20th century’s most celebrated Swedish reporters and examines the ways in which their texts convey a commitment to the reader. The narratologically based analyses are performed against a background of changing ideas about a reporter’s role in society. It turns out that the commitment is often time-related and can be counteracted by generalizing values about the depicted people. Here, the difference between empathy and compassion becomes crucial. The selected reporters represent Swedish social reportage at central turning points within the tradition. Ester Blenda Nordström and Gustaf Hellström have been chosen for the 1910s, Ivar Lo-Johansson for the years around 1930, Barbro Alving for the 1950s, Jan Guillou for the 1970s and Maciej Zaremba and Karen Söderberg for the 1990s and 2000s.
Problemas académicos de estudiantes irregulares relacionados con el uso del tiempo en la Facultad de Medicina de la UNAM
Authors: Hamui Sutton Alicia , Aguirre-Hernández Rebeca , Díaz-Villanueva Arturo , Ramírez-de la Roche Omar Fernando , Gómez-Lamont Danae Sofía
Published: February 2024

Introducción: El estudio del uso de tiempo permite apreciar características del desempeño académico de los estudiantes de medicina, así como la duración de las actividades que realizan.

Objetivo: Identificar asociaciones estadísticas significativas entre problemas académicos y la condición de ser estudiante irregular (recursador).Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal y comparativo. Se autoaplicó un cuestionario con 103 preguntas entre octubre y diciembre de 2008, a los alumnos de la Facultad de Medicina de la UNAM. De primer año respondieron 1 309 de 1 555 inscritos (84%), de segundo 682 de 927 (73%), de tercer 806 de 850 (94%) y de cuarto año 531 de 802 (66%). Con las bases de datos generadas, se elaboraron tablas de contingencia y se exploraron asociaciones significativas en el uso del tiempo de los alumnos regulares e irregulares con la prueba estadística de ji cuadrada (p<0.05).Resultados: De 3 029 encuestados, 13% fueron recursadores, de los cuales 80.7% estaban en primer año, 70.2% eran mujeres. El 50.6% tenían promedio de calificaciones menor de siete, en comparación los regulares, 17.2% (p=0.00). Se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa (p<0.05) entre algunos problemas académicos y ser recursador, como dificultad para entender textos médicos, realizar maniobras clínicas, buscar apoyo en libros adicionales o internet, y la necesidad de asesoría para organizar su tiempo. Los irregulares se mostraron inseguros de terminar la carrera y expresaron disfrutar menos sus estudios.

Conclusiones: Los recursadores presentaron problemas complejos que incluyeron dificultades en habilidades psicomotoras, cognitivas y en aspectos logísticos que bloquearon la búsqueda de soluciones, lo que conllevó bajas calificaciones y desmotivación.
Conocimiento sobre el Catálogo Maestro de Guías de Práctica Clínica del Centro Nacional de Excelencia Tecnológica en Salud (CENETEC-México) en estudiantes de Medicina
Authors: Vázquez-Cantú Bárbara Viviana , Muñoz-Zurita Guillermo
Published: February 2024

Introducción: La modalidad medicina basada en evidencias (MBE) conlleva al uso juicioso de la investigación clínica, para la orientación y toma de decisiones adecuadas relacionadas al cuidado de la salud. En México, el Centro Nacional de Excelencia Tecnológica en Salud (CENETEC) proporciona información basada en la evidencia disponible a través del Catálogo Maestro de Guías de Práctica Clínica (GPC), con el objetivo de orientar al médico en el diagnóstico, tratamiento y manejo de pacientes con padecimientos específicos.Objetivo: Identificar el conocimiento de estudiantes de medicina sobre las GPC del CENETECMéxico. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, unicéntrico y transversal en 150 alumnos de la Facultad de Medicina de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP). Se aplicó una encuesta orientada hacia el conocimiento acerca de la MBE y la existencia de las GPC, para favorecer la toma de decisiones clínicas. La población estudiantil analizada pertenece al nivel formativo de acuerdo al plan de estudios de la Institución (sexto y décimo cuatrimestre).Resultados: Cuarenta y seis estudiantes (30.6%) tienen conocimiento sobre la existencia de GPC-CENETEC. De éstos, el 21.7% las conoció por medios de comunicación, el 50% por medio de un médico, el 10.8% por amigo/compañero y el 17.5% por familiares. El 58.7% piensa que las GPC son completas y orientan a un diagnóstico más preciso. El 43.4% considera que las GPC no pueden aplicarse a todo tipo de pacientes. El 67.5% las usaría como único recurso para el tratamiento de enfermedades. El 87% sí las tomaría en cuenta para futuros diagnósticos. El 67.5% las consideraría porque aportan mayor confianza, y el 65.2% recomendaría su utilización.

Conclusión: El conocimiento por parte de los estudiantes de Medicina acerca de las GPC es limitado.
Aprendizaje basado en problemas (ABP) en educación médica: sugerencias para ser un tutor efectivo
Authors: Mendoza-Espinosa Haydee , Méndez-López Jafet Felipe , Torruco-García Uri
Published: February 2024

ResumenEste documento describe de forma breve el método de aplicación del Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP) de siete pasos de la Universidad de Maastricht. Al considerar el papel del tutor como una parte sustancial para la aplicación exitosa de este método, este escrito propone algunas sugerencias que permitan mejorar el desempeño del tutor.
De estudiante a especialista: ¿salto cuántico o paso de tortuga?
Authors: Sánchez-Mendiola Melchor
Published: February 2024

A lo largo de mi trayectoria clínica y académica, he tenido la fortuna de vivir intensamente las diferentes etapas del proceso clínico, educativo y de investigación, y a estas alturas de la vida (con la magia del “retroscopio”, quegeneralmente nos da una perspectiva de entendimiento difícil de lograr en el momento agudo) me he puesto a pensar sobre lo terriblemente complejo que es integrar todos los elementos que confluyen en el profesional de la salud ideal: clínico, investigador, docente (y discente vitalicio).