bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alternativa de movilidad para el borde noroccidental del Centro Histórico de Tunja
Authors: Santamaria Delgado Leonardo Alfonso
Published: April 2023

Los conflictos que tiene en movilidad vehicular y peatonal el Centro Histórico de Tunja, y su zona de influencia con la ciudad, responden a la ausencia del ente gestor encargado de ejecutar las acciones propuestas hace diez años por el Plan Especial de Manejo y Protección (PEMP). Dentro de estas, se encuentra la acción estructurante Paseo Avenida Colón, un proyecto que uniría a la ciudad de norte a sur y de occidente a oriente al área afectada y su zona de influencia. Además, la debilidad del proyecto consiste en que el diagnóstico excluye la cartografía esencial para su formulación y solo considera los proyectos del Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial (POT), y del Plan de Desarrollo Municipal (PDM) 2008-11. El objetivo de esta investigación es formular otra propuesta de movilidad para el sector nororiental, usando como método la trasposición cartográfica del plano de 1816 del Archivo Cartográfico de Estudios Geográficos del Centro Geográfico del Ejército de Madrid, con el de 1919 de la Sección de Mapas de la Biblioteca del Congreso de Washington. El resultado fue un trazo alterno sobre el tramo medio no construido de la antigua variante a la Carretera Central del Norte, que discurre sobre la vertiente de agua lluvia o cárcava San Francisco y corresponde al límite del Sector Antiguo establecido desde 1959. La confirmación de la hipótesis arrojó que sí es posible ejecutar la acción estructurante mediante un trazo alternativo con menor impacto fiscal y socioeconómico[1].
 
[1] Artículo de investigación financiado por el Programa de Estancias Posdoctorales, del Ministerio de Ciencias Tecnología e Innovación, Minciencias, Convocatoria 0848-2019.
Prueba de creatividad verbal de Torrance: Evidencias de validez psicométrica en estudiantado mexicano de educación primaria
Authors: Grimaldo Salazar Edgar , Chávez Soto Blanca Ivet
Published: April 2023

La creatividad se define como la capacidad de ser sensible a los problemas, deficiencias y lagunas en la información, lo cual permite el surgimiento de ideas novedosas para la solución de problemas individuales y sociales, de ahí la importancia del desarrollo de instrumentos de evaluación en edades tempranas, con el propósito de planificar programas educativos para su promoción en el alumnado El objetivo de la investigación fue validar la Prueba de Pensamiento Creativo de Torrance Verbal A. Se trabajó con 107 estudiantes de una escuela primaria pública del Estado de México durante el ciclo escolar 2017-2018, quienes tenían una edad mínima de 9 años y máxima de 12 años. Se les aplicó la Prueba de Pensamiento Creativo de Torrance Verbal A (PPCTV-A) y Figural A (PPCTF-A), así como el Test de Matrices Progresivas Raven Forma Coloreada. Para conocer la validez psicométrica, se realizaron diferentes procedimientos estadísticos que permitieron corroborar la pertinencia del instrumento. Se encontró que el nivel de consistencia interna a través del Alpha de Cronbach de la PPCTV-A fue de 0.910. En cuanto a la validez convergente, la correlación de Pearson mostró asociaciones positivas y significativas entre los indicadores y la puntuación total del PPCTV-A con el puntaje final de la versión gráfica (.473**). Además, no se encontraron correlaciones entre PPCTV-A y razonamiento visoespacial, lo que comprueba la validez divergente. Se considera que la PPCTV-A cumple con los criterios estadísticos para su aplicación en niñas y niños de educación primaria y se coincide con diferentes autores al reconocer que el pensamiento divergente se expresa en distintos microdominios.
Formación de pregrado profesional en fonoaudiología: una comparación entre Chile y Brasil
Authors: Vielma Sepúlveda Consuelo de los Angeles , Guzmán Baquedano Daniela Francisca , Ribeiro Schilling Gabriela , Fraga Da Ré Allessandra , Córdova Figueroa Eduardo Felipe , De Almeida Freitas Cardoso Maria Cristina
Published: April 2023

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar y comparar los programas de estudio de fonoaudiología en ambos países con la finalidad de presentar un escenario inicial para futuras estandarizaciones profesionales en la región. Tanto en Chile como en Brasil la carrera de fonoaudiología ha crecido y se ha desarrollado en diferentes casas de estudios, con directrices curriculares unificadas en Brasil. Esta investigación es de tipo observacional cuantitativa y su muestra fue constituida por los programas de estudio de las Universidades federales en Brasil y estatales en Chile publicados en los portales institucionales correspondientes al año 2020. Los datos fueron transcritos y presentados mediante la estadística descriptiva. Se encontraron 13 universidades federales en Brasil y 11 estatales en Chile. El modo de ingreso en ambos países es mediante pruebas unificadas. La duración de los cursos es de 8 y 10 semestres en Brasil y 10 semestres en Chile. Hay una predominancia de asignaturas en el área de audiología, seguida de las áreas de lenguaje, voz y motricidad orofacial en ambos países. Existe un mayor número de asignaturas de investigación en los cursos de Brasil, las asignaturas de carácter práctico se inician tempranamente en ambos países. Se apreciaron similitudes en sus propuestas con respecto a las áreas disciplinares. Las investigaciones futuras deben comparar el perfil de quienes se formaron en ambos países para verificar si lo visto en las matrices curriculares se refleja en la dirección de sus labores profesionales.
Influence of environment on self-propagating reactions in Al/Ni multilayer foils
Authors: Shekhawat Deepshikha , Baloochi Mostafa , Sudhahar Dwarakesh , Raheja Vishal Amarbhai , Döll Joachim , Jacobs Heiko O. , Pezoldt Jörg
Published: April 2023

Reactive aluminum–nickel multilayer system shows exothermic energetic materials which act as a heat source for packaging and bonding of microsystems. The main challenge is controlling the self-propagation reaction velocity and temperature generated by thermal management through different thermal conductive substrate materials. The current work investigates the heat distribution of Al/Ni multilayer foils from different thermal conductive substrates which act as heat sink materials during the self-propagating reaction. A two-dimensional numerical model was developed to study thermal conductive heat loss and substrate thermal properties on the self-propagating reaction in Al/Ni multilayer foils. The self-propagating reaction was introduced on the surface of the foils by an electrical spark. Here we investigate the minimum critical thickness of Al/Ni multilayer foils which shows the self-propagation reaction on different substrates and verified from the two-dimensional numerical model. The outcomes of this investigation will facilitate the integration of Al/Ni multilayer foils on different substrates as intrinsic heat sources for different applications of micro/nanodevices.

Graphical abstract
ASSESSMENT OF LIVESTOCK WASTEWATER TREATMENT EFFICIENCY WHEN USING AN ANAEROBIC DIGESTER COMBINED WITH A BIOLOGICAL POND IN NAM ANH, NGHE AN, VIETNAM
Authors:   Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Land Surveying, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Phan Cong Ngoc , Strużyński Andrzej ,   Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Land Surveying, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kowalik Tomasz ,   Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Land Surveying, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Hoang Vinh Phu ,   Department of Academic Affairs, Vinh University, Vinh, Vietnam
Published: April 2023

Aim of the study: This study focuses on assessing the efficiency of the anaerobic digester combined with biological pond to provide overview data and can be used as a reference for similar studies in Nghe An province. Material and methods: Wastewater properties at 3 stages of livestock wastewater treatment process (input, after digester, after biological pond) in Nam Anh were investigated. A total of 81 samples were collected across 9 locations between March and May 2020. Shapiro-Wilk test (α = 0.05), Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn test (α = 0.05) was preformed to estimate the significance differences. Cluster analysis was utilized to compare the parameters between the sampling locations and to classify the locations. Results and conclusions: The results showed that all parameters exceeded the allowable limit many times specified by QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT and TCN 678 – 2006. The wastewater after being treated by anaerobic digester was significantly reduced. The treatment efficiency for BOD5 was 66-73%, COD was 74-80%, SS reached 78-84%, reaching 10-27% for TN, 7-25% for TP and coliform ranged from 28.2-85.3%. Wastewater after being treated through the digester combined with the biological pond had a very high treatment efficiency: 95 - 97% for BOD5, 96- 97% with COD, SS was up to 96-97%, 45 - 57% with TN, 35 - 70% with TP and coliforms reached 77.4 - 98.4%. The treatment efficiency had a linear correlation between object locations. Applying anaerobic digestion in combination with biological pond has proven to be a highly effective solution, and should be prioritized in the treatment of livestock wastewater.
Development of a Computerized Dynamic Assessment Program for Second Language Grammar Instruction and Assessment
Authors: Randall Tina S. , Urbanski Kimberly
Published: April 2023

A computerized dynamic assessment (CDA) program was created to help instructors develop student understanding of second language grammatical features and as a diagnostic and assessment tool. The program (called CDAG) approximates an interactionist approach to dynamic assessment, utilizing hints/prompts calibrated to the student’s answer choice. CDAG allows the instructor to customize language, question type, linguistic features to be assessed, answer choices (including distractors), and mediational prompts: it can thus assess a variety of grammatical structures. To evaluate the effectiveness of CDAG vis-à-vis static assessment, control and CDA groups were compared in terms of mediated and unmediated individual and group scores. The use of CDAG aided in the micro and macrogenetic development of Spanish as a foreign language students’ ability to conjugate Spanish verbs in the future tense. The information CDAG provides about the specific root causes for students’ incorrect answers makes it useful as a diagnostic and assessment tool.
Fleer, M., González Rey, F., and Jones, P. E. (eds.). (2020). Cultural Historical and Critical Psychology: Common Ground, Divergences, and Future Pathways
Authors: Fernández Loretta , Christensen Joseph
Published: April 2023

Fleer, M., González Rey, F., and Jones, P. E. (eds.). (2020). Cultural Historical and Critical Psychology: Common Ground, Divergences, and Future Pathways. Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 191 pp. $169.99 (Hard Cover) ISBN: 978-981-15-2208-6; $169.99 (Soft Cover) ISBN: 978-981-15-2211-6
Trends and Characteristics in Prepregnancy Diabetes: United States, 2016–2021
Authors: Gregory Elizabeth , Ely Danielle
Published: April 2023

This report presents data on trends for prepregnancy diabetes mellitus (PDM), diabetes diagnosed before pregnancy, in mothers giving birth in the United States for 2016–2021, and rates by selected maternal characteristics for 2016 and 2021.
Cognitive and Psychological Constructs of Korean Physical Literacy Scale in Children
Authors: Park Inkyoung , Sim Jaehyeok , Kim Youngho
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVES The current study examined the cognitive and psychological factors of Canadian Assessment of Physical Literacy-2 (CAPL-2) using a cross-sectional design. Also, this study assessed the measurement and structural invariance of the CAPL-2.METHODS The survey was conducted on 539 elementary school students in Seoul, Korea. Among the collected data, 274 datasets were used for confirmatory factor analysis, and 25 datasets for test-retest reliability analysis and 240 datasets for differences by group. Confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, and criterion-related validity analysis were carried out by using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0.RESULTS Results indicated that the Korean physical literacy scale consists of four factors (interest, motivation, competence, and understanding with 15 items). In addition, the findings revealed that all factors in physical literacy differed by the stage of physical activity (λ= .723, F=5.59, p<.001).CONCLUSIONS This study was the first to validate the CAPL-2 into the Korean children. The Korean physical literacy scale offers the possibility of assessing physical literacy to researchers and practitioners and Korean children’s physical activity enhancement could be easily tracked in school and community settings.
Changes of Motor Control of Distal Joint and Motor Learning in Badminton Hitting Skills According to the Visual Feedback Types (Focused on Performance Curves)
Authors: Suh Donghwi
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVES This study aims to compare the change of motor control of distal joint while badminton hitting on novice in accordance with visual feedback type.METHODS We offered digitized graph and 3D animation of upper limb to quantitative feedback(QN) group, and qualitative feedback(QL) group respectively. Dependent variables are kinematic variable of wrist joint. 27 young men were recruited into three groups, asked to perform forehand-underclear. 20trials for pre-test, 150trials for practice, each 20trials for post-test and retention-test were progressed. After each 10trials in practice step, we offered each feedbacks to each groups. Two-way repeated ANOVA was used to investigate the results.RESULTS Maximum extension angle of wrist joint improved more on QN then QL. Maximum flexion angular velocity of wrist joint improved more in QL than QN on eary phase of learning and retention-test. CONCLUSIONS Through this, it can be interpreted that QN has a positive effect on the motion control of the angular variable in the striking task, and QL has a positive effect on the faster improvement and retention than QN in the motor control of the angular velocity variable in the striking task. In conclusion, this study presents a new direction for the mechanism of motor control and cognitive structure for the distal joint of motor skills forming proximal-distal coordination patterns.
Testing conditions for CoMo HDS catalyst in the kinetic region: integrated approach using the math calculations and catalytic experiments
Authors: Mukhacheva Polina P. , Vatutina Yuliya V. , Mik Ivan A. , Nadeina Ksenia A. , Kazakov Maxim O. , Klenov Oleg P. , Klimov Oleg V. , Noskov Aleksandr S.
Published: April 2023

The main idea of the investigation was to define testing parameters with the lowest influence of internal and external diffusion on catalytic activity in hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene. Traditional experimental methods were used to determine the conditions for the influence of internal and external diffusion. Simultaneous change of a linear feedstock rate and a catalyst loading at constant weight hour space velocity were used to determine the process temperature (240–260 °C) at which the impact of external diffusion is minimal. Catalytic tests, including the variation of the catalyst fraction size, were carried out to define the conditions with the lowest influence of internal diffusion. It was found that when the catalyst with the fraction size of 0.1–0.25 mm was used, the fluctuation of sulfur conversion was the smallest. Besides, to validate experimental results, the calculations were performed with mass balance equations and expressions used for HDS modeling. The resulting data and catalytic experiments demonstrated that the lowest influence of internal and external diffusion is achieved at a temperature process less than 260 °C and a catalyst fraction of 0.1–0.25 mm.
Cultural Design Methodology from the Perspective of Cultural Philosophy: A Case of Ningbo
Authors: Zuyao Wang , Xin Jia , Song Qiao
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Cultural design integrates cultural content into the design process. It is an important means to realize the innovation of traditional culture in inheritance. Cultural design behavior is subtly influenced by cultural philosophy. Specifically, cultural environment analysis, cultural semantic association and cultural imagery extraction, from the perspective of cultural philosophy, are helpful in realizing the explicitness of designers’ implicit knowledge in the process of encoding and decoding cultural genes. We select Ningbo as a sample to deeply mine the regional cultural genes, explore the generation mode of cultural design, and further propose a framework for building a cultural design knowledge service system. So as to provide methodological guidance for regional cultural design practice to build sustainable cultural design capabilities.
Research on the Integrated Training Mode of Higher Art Education for the Deaf
Authors: Liu Fangfang
Published: April 2023

Abstract: The development of higher education for the disabled is one of the most important indicators of the development of education for the disabled in a country, whether the support policies are perfect, and whether the social civilization is advanced. The results showed that deaf students with general school experience had better adaptive ability The integration model was more conducive to improve deaf students’ school adaptive ability and social interaction awareness. The deaf students had higher demand for professional guidance and there is room for further improvement of the integration-training model. Based on the above research results and the problems in practice, this paper gives the corresponding countermeasure suggestions. The paper suggests that we should build a “trinity” integration education model oriented to socially integrated talents in art applications and improve the management system of integration education We should also improve the deaf college students’ learning support system under the leadership of the school, modify and reconstruct the integration curriculum system of arts and crafts majors, and strengthen the support and guidance of the society for the construction of integration environment.
INSTRUCTION IN READING COMPREHENSION IN THE CLASSROOM: WHAT CAN WE LEARN FROM A META-ANALYSIS?
Authors: CORSO HELENA VELLINHO , NUNES DÉBORA MAYER , ASSIS ÉVELIN FULGINITI DE
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT: The theory and research in reading comprehension (RC) make it clear that this ability fails to result automatically from the capacity of decoding a text because it involves linguistic and cognitive components which need to operate together with decoding fluency. Therefore, we must face the ability to understand as an object of teaching which and must be pursued by school instruction must pursue. Intervention studies - and meta-analyses on them - indicate effective interventions to foster this ability. However, the application of scientific evidence to teachers’ practice in classrooms is neither simple nor immediate, requiring new elaboration. This integrative review examines a group of meta-analyses on RC-intervention studies to verify the types of instruction analyzed, their effectiveness, and the main aspects which impacted this effect. Highlights among the findings include: teaching strategies favors all student profiles (with or without difficulties or at risk); some strategies are more recommended than others, such as setting reading goals (which facilitates the monitoring), asking questions about the text (during reading by teachers and students), and using written activities about the text. Furthermore, we found an important moderator effect related to who applies the instruction: its effectiveness diminishes if teachers are its applicators. The complexity of applying and preparing these instructions indicate that training teachers to implement is as important as developing RC programs.
Influência da composição e distribuição de tamanho de microesferas de Al2O3/Fe2O3, produzidas por gelificação interna, na adsorção de metais pesados
Authors: Moreira Tatiana Martinez , Genova Luis Antonio
Published: April 2023

RESUMO Os metais pesados são amplamente utilizados em diversos setores industriais, tais como, metalurgia, mineração, galvanoplastia, têxtil, fertilizantes, baterias, pesticidas, circuito impresso, entre outros, sendo comumente encontrados no efluente gerado por estas indústrias. Por serem extremamente tóxicos, podendo contaminar tanto o ecossistema quanto a comunidade ao seu entorno, se faz necessário um tratamento eficiente dos efluentes, a fim de se reduzir a concentração destes elementos, a níveis aceitáveis, antes do descarte. Dentre os diversos tratamentos de efluentes possíveis, a adsorção é amplamente empregada por sua simplicidade, eficiência e baixo custo. Nesse trabalho, foram produzidas, pelo método de gelificação interna, microesferas porosas contendo alumina e hematita em diferentes concentrações, que foram utilizadas como adsorventes em ensaios de adsorção, em batelada e em coluna de leito fixo, de soluções aquosas contendo Zn2+, Ni2+ e Mn2+. As microesferas foram caracterizadas quanto à morfologia e distribuição de tamanho de partículas, área de superfície específica, adsorção gasosa e fases cristalinas. Foi possível avaliar o efeito da composição e da distribuição de tamanho das microesferas na adsorção dos metais pesados. Obteve-se mais de 90% de adsorção dos metais pesados, no regime de coluna de leito fixo, indicando alta eficiência dessas microesferas como adsorventes destes íons.
Desarrollo y caracterización de estructuras porosas de titanio mediante gel-casting y sinterización para aplicaciones biomédicas
Authors: Cantero Santiago Marcelo , Roure César Andrés , Boccardo Adrián Dante , Lerman Pedro Martín , Lucci Roberto Oscar
Published: April 2023

RESUMEN El manejo adecuado de estructuras porosas, en aplicaciones biomédicas, tiene una relevante importancia en evitar la reabsorción y permitir el correcto crecimiento óseo. Estas estructuras conducen a la nucleación y crecimiento del hueso en su interior, consiguiendo una óptima unión entre el implante y este. En consecuencia, este trabajo investiga un proceso de fabricación de estructuras porosas de titanio obtenidas mediante una técnica pulvimetalúrgica basada tanto en el método de gel-casting como en la sinterización. Estas técnicas nos permiten controlar la cantidad, tamaño, forma y distribución de los poros, con el objetivo de obtener una estructura metálica apta para ser utilizada en implantes biomédicos. Las muestras, se preparan mezclando diferentes fracciones en peso de polvo de hidruro de titanio y polvo de resina acrílica. Se emplean mezclas compuestas por 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, 15%, 18% y 21% de fracción en peso de resina acrílica. Los resultados indican que es posible obtener muestras con estructuras porosas adecuadas y microestructuras con valores de porosidad de 11% a 91% de fracción de poro, con tamaños de 3 µm a 195 µm. Mediante este proceso es posible obtener estructuras porosas adecuadas para una aplicación determinada.
Antimicrobial evaluation of silver nanoparticles using extracts of Crescentia cujete L.
Authors: Sánchez M. A. , Fiscal Ladino J. A.
Published: April 2023

Abstract New natural reducing agents with a lower negative impact on the environment and with a high antimicrobial potential are required for the process of obtaining silver nanoparticles through the chemical reduction method. The use of plant extracts can be a fast track in the formation of nanoparticles. In this case, organic compounds such as terpenes, flavonoids, enzymes, proteins, and cofactors present in plants act as reducing agents for nanomaterials. This research evaluated the antimicrobial property of silver nanoparticles from extracts of Crescentia cujete L. The presence of quercetin (flavonoid) was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); the production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was established by green synthesis; the size and morphology of the nanomaterials were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The antimicrobial capacity was studied by two analysis methods: modified culture medium and surface seeding. The presence of quercetin (26.55 mg L-1) in the crude extract of Crescentia cujete L., identified by HPLC, was evidenced. Nanoparticle formation was spherical, with an average size of 250 ± 3 and 460 ± 6 nm. Microbiological cultures with treatment showed 94% microbial inhibition. It was concluded that the Crescentia cujete L., leaves shoed an acceptable concentration of quercetin to be used as a useful adjuvant to enhance the reduction of NPs synthesis. The nanoparticles produced by green synthesis proved to have a positive effect to combat pathogenic microorganisms.
The anti-aging, anti-tuberculosis and antioxidant potential benefits of Saudi Arabia Olea-Europaea Leaves extracts
Authors: El-Rahmana S. N. Abd , Abubshaitb S. A. , Abubshaitc H. A. , Elsharifb A. M. , Kamound M.
Published: April 2023

Abstract The olive leaf extract and olive leaf indicated a high potential for application in food additives and foodstuffs. It could be these bio-products useful and important in condition therapy related with oxidative stress and can use it to develop functional foods and to improve the food's shelf life. The olive leaf chemical composition of Oleaeuropaea L. grown from eljouf in Saudi Arabia, using solvents of increasing polarity cyclohexane, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and ethanol was determined using by GC/MS. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity (diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), anti-aging, and anti-tuberculosis of olive leaf extracts were evaluated. The results indicated that extract of Oleaeuropaea L. has a considerable contains in polyphenols (hydroxytyrosol, oleuropein and their derivatives) regarding its antioxidant effects, the major components were detected by GC/MS in Olea dichloromethane extract are Hexadecanoic acid (15.82%), 7(4Dimethylaminophenyl)3,3,12trimethyl3,12dihydro6 Hpyrano[2,3c]acridin 6 one (11.21%), and in Olea chloroform extract are Hexatriacontane (12.68%), nTetratr iacontane (10.95%). The results concluded that the plant extract of chloroform showed no anti-aging activities and the lower anti-aging activities for cyclohexane extract, while, the Olea dichloromethane extract was the most active extract. The obtained data confirmed that the most active extract of anti-tubercolisis was for chloroform and ethyl acetate extract, while, anti-tubercolisis activity of ethanolic extract was the lower. The extract amount as well as the solvent polarity influence the inhibitory activity. A favorable connection was demonstrated inter alia the leaf extracts antioxidant activity and the content of total phenol.
Which social, gestational and mental health aspects are associated to maternal-fetal attachment?
Authors: Rubin Bárbara Borges , Matos Mariana Bonati de , Trettim Jéssica Puchalski , Scholl Carolina Coelho , Cunha Gabriela Kurz da , Curcio Eduarda , Stigger Rafaelle Stark , Martins Clarissa de Souza Ribeiro , Motta Janaína Vieira dos Santos , Ghisleni Gabriele , Pinheiro Ricardo Tavares , Quevedo Luciana de Avila
Published: April 2023

Abstract Objectives: this study aimed to explore a set of factors associated with lower maternal-fetal attachment (MFA) in pregnant women. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study corresponding to the second wave of a cohort study with a population-based sample of pregnant women in the South of Brazil. The maternal-fetal attachment scale (MFAS) was used to measure MFA. Bivariate analysis was performed using the t-test and ANOVA. The variables that presented p<0.20 were taken for multivariate analysis, through linear regression, in order to control possible confounding factors. Results: a total of 840 pregnant women were included. Pregnant women who had lower MFA means were those who did not live with a partner (B=-3.8 [CI95%=-6.0; -1.7]), those between the first and second trimester of pregnancy (B=-4.3 [CI95%=-5.9; -2.6]), those who did not have support from their mother during pregnancy (B=-2.4 [CI95%=-4.6; -0.2]), and those with depressive symptoms (B=-4.9 [CI95%=-7.4; -2.5]). Conclusions: the results showed that a higher MFA it is associated with an adequate support network during pregnancy, better maternal mental health, and with an advanced pregnancy. Early evaluation of MFA and effort to promote an adequate prenatal bond, focusing on maternal psychological and emotional aspects are strongly suggested.
Abordagens truculentas e domínio de cidades brasileiras em assaltos contra bancos mediante planejamento minucioso
Authors: Aquino Jania Perla Diógenes de
Published: April 2023

Resumo Este artigo aborda uma modalidade de assaltos contra bancos atualmente registrada em todas as regiões do Brasil, que apresenta as seguintes características: os assaltos ocorrem a altas horas da noite ou durante as madrugadas; são efetuados por quadrilhas cuja quantidade de homens armados varia de duas a cinco dezenas; têm nas cidades de pequeno e médio porte seus alvos preferenciais. Utilizando armas de grosso calibre e explosivos, os assaltantes subtraem valores de duas ou mais agências bancárias em simultaneidade. Nessas ações, parte da quadrilha ataca e obstrui a atuação das forças de segurança pública locais e, com isso, domina bairros e até cidades inteiras por algumas horas, submetendo toda a população. Antes que possam chegar reforços policiais de cidades vizinhas, os bandidos empreendem fuga. Não raro, moradores são tomados como reféns e vivenciam instantes de medo e pavor, chegando mesmo a ser alvejados, quando há confrontos entre quadrilhas e policiais. Este artigo argumenta que a modalidade de crime em análise envolve minucioso planejamento e investimento em infraestrutura e logística, uso instrumental e performático da violência, sendo significada como atividade econômica e negócio por seus praticantes. Sobre a socialidade nas quadrilhas que efetuam tais ações criminais, salienta-se a condição temporária e circunstancial desses agrupamentos, baseados em trocas de saberes, cooperação técnica e “empreendedorismo” dos assaltantes, cujo objetivo comum é obter elevadas quantias em suas investidas armadas. A pesquisa e a análise dos dados, ora apresentadas, têm inspiração etnográfica e o trabalho de campo desenvolvido recorreu a entrevistas em profundidade e conversas informais com praticantes desses assaltos, entrevistas com delegados de polícia e policiais, levantamento e análise de notícias de jornais, telejornais e portais online de todas as regiões do Brasil.
“Visando repelir injusta agressão”: uma sociologia dos accounts policiais e das investigações dos casos de letalidade policial em Minas Gerais
Authors: Zilli Luís Felipe , Figueiredo Amanda Matar de , Cruz Marcus Vinícius Gonçalves da , Marinho Karina Rabelo Leite
Published: April 2023

Resumo Entre 2012 e 2021, 1.146 pessoas morreram em decorrência de intervenções policiais em Minas Gerais. Em quase todos esses casos, a narrativa oficial dos boletins de ocorrência foi de que essas mortes se deram em situações de “confronto”, nas quais os policiais, atuado no “estrito cumprimento do dever legal”, usaram “moderadamente dos meios de força necessários” para “repelir injusta agressão”. Já há no Brasil farta literatura demonstrando que a mobilização dessa gramática, já nos registros iniciais, é a primeira etapa de uma cadeia de procedimentos que, ao final, quase sempre resultará na aplicação jurídica da “excludente de ilicitude” à letalidade policial. Dialogando com essa produção, este artigo apresenta os principais resultados de um estudo de caso sobre o processamento investigativo da letalidade policial militar em Minas Gerais. A partir de abordagem etnometodológica, buscou-se compreender como um complexo sistema de representações, discursos e cognições compartilhadas entre policiais sustenta a construção de accounts sobre os casos de letalidade, dando a eles a forma jurídica da “legítima defesa”. Em termos metodológicos, o estudo se vale da análise de 3.605 B.O. sobre mortes e ferimentos decorrentes de intervenções policiais registradas no estado entre 2013 e 2018, bem como de 25 entrevistas com atores-chave das forças policiais e do Ministério Público. A pesquisa revela que, no campo discursivo, a Polícia Militar de Minas Gerais tem adotado estratégias institucionais para padronizar as narrativas inseridas nos registros de letalidade (boletins de ocorrência e inquéritos policiais militares), já acionando, nesses documentos, a gramática necessária à fundamentação da excludente de ilicitude na etapa judicial. Em termos procedimentais, a corporação tem não apenas assumido a investigação de seus próprios casos letalidade, mas também interditado tentativas de apurações externas feitas pela Polícia Civil. Já na esfera política/institucional, a Polícia Militar tem sistematicamente ignorado determinações do Ministério Público, esgarçando possibilidades de controle externo de sua atividade.
“E se...?” Entrevista com Javier Auyero
Authors: Rocha Marta Mendes
Published: April 2023

Resumo Javier Auyero é professor da cátedra Joe R. e Teresa Lozano Long em Latin American Sociology na Universidade do Texas em Austin. Seus interesses de pesquisa incluem etnografia urbana, pobreza, marginalidade urbana e desigualdade social, sociologia política, ação e violência coletiva. Nesta entrevista ele fala de sua trajetória acadêmica e sugere rumos para uma prática sociológica mais colaborativa e comunicativa.
Association between the level of functional independence and the subjective experience of pain in older adults after hip replacement
Authors: Silva Jefferson Carlos Araujo , Caland Liana Mayara Queiroz , Paiva Tamara Augusta Ferreira de , Oliveira Murilo Rezende , Bezerra Lídia Mara Aguiar , Cavalcante Tamires Barradas
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Hip replacement (HR) is a surgery that replaces the injured joint with a prosthesis. The postoperative period can reduce functional independence and affect the subjective experience of pain in older adults. This study evaluated the association between the level of functional independence and the subjective experience of pain in older adults who underwent HR. This cross-sectional descriptive quantitative association study used the functional independence measure (FIM) to assess the level of functional independence and the visual analogue scale (VAS) to analyze the subjective experience of pain. Spearman’s correlation test was used to evaluate the association between FIM and VAS and simple linear regression to analyze the influence of one variable on another (p≤0.05). This study evaluated 48 older adults, with a mean age of 71.5±9 years, of which 37.5% (n=18) were men and 62.5% (n=30) were women. The mean VAS and FIM values were 3.5 (±1.6) and 107 (±17.82), respectively, and they had a significant and inverse association (p=0.006; r=−0.389; R2=0.142). This study showed an inversely proportional relationship between the subjective experience of pain and the level of functional independence in older patients who underwent HR. Therefore, health professionals should pay more attention to pain in these patients in order to optimize their functional recovery and increase their functional independence.
O timed up and go test pode ser utilizado como preditor da força muscular em idosos?
Authors: Queiroz Letícia Lopes de , Silva Leonardo Gomes de Oliveira da , Pinheiro Hudson Azevedo
Published: April 2023

RESUMO Este estudo analisou o uso do timed up and go test (TUG) como ferramenta de avaliação da força muscular em idosos da comunidade. Como metodologia, foi realizado um estudo observacional, transversal e analítico. Foram analisados dados de 442 idosos, do sexo feminino (71,7%) e do masculino (28,3%), com idades entre 62 e 104 anos, e média de 80,85 (±8,047) anos. O TUG foi utilizado como instrumento de avaliação da força muscular. Foram realizadas análises de comparação e correlação entre o desempenho no TUG e no teste de sentar e levantar (TSL), e entre o TUG e a força de preensão manual. Também foram realizadas análises de concordância entre diagnóstico de baixo desempenho físico no TUG e diagnóstico de fraqueza muscular no TSL e na força de preensão manual. Os valores preditivos foram traçados por meio da curva receiver operating characteristic (ROC). As análises mostraram correlação diretamente proporcional moderada entre o desempenho no TUG e no TSL e correlações inversamente proporcionais baixas entre o desempenho no TUG e a força de preensão manual e entre o TSL e a força de preensão manual (p<0,001). Nas análises de acurácia, observou-se que o TUG apresentou capacidade de prever a força muscular no TSL (S 34,4%; VPP 91,5%; VPN 26,1%; AUC=0,779; 95% IC 0,724-0,835; p<0,001) e na dinamometria de preensão palmar (S 44,2%; VPP 77,4%; VPN 67,2%; AUC=0,652; 95% IC 0,599-0,705; p<0,001). Conclui-se que o TUG apresentou capacidade de indicar de forma satisfatória os indivíduos com força muscular normal no TSL.
Effect of feeding frequency and water salinization on early development of Pyrrhulina brevis, an Amazonian ornamental fish
Authors: PINHEIRO JUNIOR Arlindo dos S. , OLIVEIRA Leonnan C. C. de , EIRAS Bruno José C. F. , LIMA Wesley dos S. , VERAS Galileu C. , MOURA Lorena B. de , SALARO Ana L. , CAMPELO Daniel A. V.
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Pyrrhulina brevis is an endemic fish from the Amazon basin that is valued in the ornamental fish market. In larviculture, fish are very sensitive to stressors and have a high mortality rate. Salinized water may provide more energy to overcome stress and feeding frequency is an important strategy to improve productive performance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the best feeding frequency and the best level of water salinization for larval development of P. brevis. A total of 360 post-larvae of P. brevis (5.26 ± 1.65 mg, 5.57 ± 0.68 mm) were randomly distributed in 36 aquariums (1 L) in a 3x4 factorial scheme, to evaluate three concentrations of salt in water (0, 1 and 2 g L-1) and four feeding frequencies (once, twice, three and four times a day). We offered 150 Artemia nauplii per day and per post-larvae during 15 days. The fish kept at 1 g L-1 salinized water, and those fed 3 and 4 times a day presented significantly greater final length and weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate for length and weight. An interaction between salinized water and feeding frequency was observed for survival rate. We conclude that, during the initial rearing phase of P. brevis, feeding frequency of three times a day and salinized water at 1 g L-1 is recommended.
Anti-herpes activity of the total alkaloid fraction from the branches of Fusaea longifolia (Annonaceae)
Authors: DOURADO Suzy Hellen Alves , SANTOS Cristiangela Silva , FERREIRA Vinicius de Souza , PONTES-PIRES Aline Fernandes , VALLADÃO Dênia Mendes de Sousa , RIBEIRO Elton Brito , SOUZA Cesar Augusto Silva de , SILVA Felipe Moura Araújo da , COSTA Emmanoel Vilaça , ANDRIGHETTI Carla Regina
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT The herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) occur worldwide. Infections caused by these viruses have great public health importance due to the growing resistance to the first-choice drug, acyclovir, especially in immunosuppressed patients. Alkaloids derived from species of Annonaceae have been reported as antiviral agents against HSV and others viruses. Within this context, we evaluated the antiviral activity of the total alkaloid fraction (TAF) extracted from the branches of Fusaea longifolia (Aubl.) Saff. (Annonaceae), a species native to the Amazon region, against the HSV-1 and HSV-2 viruses. The antiviral activity was evaluated through the plate reduction assay and the mode of action was investigated by a set of other assays. The TAF was active against the HSV-2 strain 333 and against the HSV-1 strains KOS and 29R (acyclovir resistant), with selectivity index values (SI = 50% cytotoxic concentration/50% effective concentration) of 5, 4 and 3, respectively. In the preliminary study of the anti-HSV-2 mode of action, TAF showed viral inhibitory effects if added up to 12 h post-infection, had virucidal activity and did not present viral inhibition in pre-treatment. Our results showed that the TAF exhibited anti-HSV activity. Regarding HSV-2, TAF acted after the viral infection and had virucidal activity. A mass spectrometry analysis revealed the presence of nine alkaloids in the TAF that had previously been reported for Annonaceae, including liriodenine, lysicamine and isoboldine, which have been described as potential anti-HSV-1 agents.
First record of the largest copro-necrophagous beetle in South America (Coprophanaeus lancifer) feeding on fruits
Authors: CHABOTEAUX Elena , TORO Alejandro LOPERA , FORSYTH Adrian
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Coprophanaeus lancifer is a copro-necrophagous beetle endemic to the Amazon region. Although beetles belonging to the subfamily Scarabaeinae primarily feed on dung, some have a greater diet plasticity that includes carrion, fungi, rotten fruits and invertebrates. The diet of the scavenger beetle C. lancifer mainly consists of vertebrate carcasses, although it is also attracted to mammal faeces. Here, we describe the first record of this species feeding on fruits of the genus Nectandra.
Ribosomal, mitochondrial and bacterial (Wolbachia) reference sequences for Dipetalonema gracile obtained from a wild pied tamarin (Saguinus bicolor) host in Manaus, Brazil
Authors: COSTA Carlos Henrique Aguiar , CRAINEY James Lee , VICENTE Ana Carolina Paulo , CONGA David Fernandez , GORDO Marcelo , LUZ Sérgio Luiz Bessa , DIAS Cindy Alves , SILVA Túllio Romão Ribeiro da , FERREIRA Caroline Coelho , NAVA Alessandra Ferreira Dales
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT The primates that inhabit the rainforest surrounding the city of Manaus (Amazonas, Brazil) have long been recognised as potentially important reservoirs of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases (ERIDs). PCR amplification of filarial sequences from wild-caught Simulium oyapockense has been used to incriminate potentially important Amazon-region ERID bridge vectors by showing they had previously fed on non-human primates. The broader use of filarial parasite sequences for the incrimination of biting insects as potentially important zoonotic disease vectors is limited by a paucity of primate-derived filarial parasite reference sequences which can be matched to the PCR amplified sequences obtained from insect-vector vectors. Here we have used shotgun sequencing to obtain reference data from an adult Dipetalonema gracile parasite which was found infecting a wild pied tamarin (Saguinus bicolor) in a peripheral region of Manaus. We report the parasite´s complete mitochondrial genome (which is 13,647 base pairs in length), 894,846 base pairs of its Wolbachia genome and 6,426 base pairs of its ribosomal DNA locus (spanning from the start of its 18S subunit to the end of its 28S subunit). Despite being critically endangered, S. bicolor is commonly encountered around the periphery of Manaus and in urban forest fragments. The reported sequences may be a useful reference tool for identifying ERID bridge vectors and potentially provide some insights into the amount and the nature of contact between primate pathogen reservoirs and the residents of Manaus.
Low fertilization optimizes the water use efficiency of an Amazonian canga grass for mineland rehabilitation
Authors: BOANARES Daniela , SILVA Breno Ricardo Serrão da , GASTAUER Markus , RAMOS Silvio Junio , CALDEIRA Cecilio Frois
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT The peculiar characteristics of mining waste substrates represent a significant challenge for environmental rehabilitation. Here, we evaluated the revegetation potential of Paspalum cinerascens on substrates from mining areas of Serra dos Carajás, a region harboring a large mine complex in the eastern Brazilian Amazon. Paspalum cinerascens is a native grass widely distributed in the canga ecosystem, a vegetation type covering iron ore reserves. Seeds of P. cinerascens harvested in canga were germinated in sterilized quartzite sand and the seedlings grown in controlled conditions for 90 days. The seedlings were then cultivated in canga topsoil (control, without fertilization) and mining waste substrate with half and complete fertilization currently applied at the beginning of mineland rehabilitation in Serra dos Carajás. Regardless of fertilization, plants grown in the mining waste substrate did not differ in carbon assimilation, tillering rate and root biomass, despite higher leaf nutrient content and lower root: shoot ratio when compared to plants in canga topsoil. Compared to the control, complete fertilization led to significantly taller plants, higher shoot biomass and reduced water use efficiency. Half fertilization led to higher phosphorus and water use efficiency and stomatal density. Our results confirmed that P. cinerascens has adaptive traits to grow and thrive in the harsh environmental conditions of post iron ore mining, and can be used in rehabilitation processes. Moreover, half fertilization led to plants with optimized water loss in exchange for carbon without significant costs to plant growth, an interesting trait for rehabilitation in areas experiencing water restrictions.
HERBase: A collection of understorey herb vegetation plots from Amazonia
Authors: ANDRÉ Thiago , MOULATLET Gabriel Massaine , ALMEIDA Thaís Elias , ALVERGA Paula Palhares de Polari , BOELTER Carlos Renato , DRUCKER Debora Pignatari , SILVA Julia Gomes da , LINARES-PALOMINO Reynaldo , LOPES Maria Aparecida , MAGALHÃES José Leonardo Lima , MANZATTO Angelo Gilberto , MEWS Henrique Augusto , MOLL Iracema Elizabeth de Siuza , MORTATI Amanda Frederico , PAIXÃO Eliana Celestino da , QUINTERO-VALLEJO Estela , ANDEL Tinde van , SILVEIRA Marcos , STORCK-TONON Danielle , TUOMISTO Hanna , ZUQUIM Gabriela , COSTA Flávia Regina Cappelloto
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Understorey herbs form a diverse and understudied plant assemblage in tropical forests. Although several studies and research teams have long been dedicated to the study of this conspicuous vegetation component in Amazonia, no effort to unify the data has been undertaken to date. In contrast to trees and other life forms for which major data compilations already exist, a unified database dedicated to herbs is still lacking. Part of the problem is in defining what is a herb and how to effectively sample herb assemblages. In this article, we describe the database HERBase, an exhaustive compilation of published and unpublished data on herb inventories in Amazonia. We also describe the structure, functioning, and guidelines for data curation and integration in HERBase. We were able to compile information from 1381 plots from all six Amazonian geographic regions. Based on this dataset, we describe and discuss sampling and knowledge gaps, priority areas for new collections, and recommend sampling protocols to facilitate data integration in the future. This novel database provides a unique biodiversity data repository on understorey herbs that will enable new studies on community ecology and biogeography.
Theoretical and methodological approaches between Folkcommunication and Communication for Development (C4D)
Authors: Santana Flávio , Escudero Camila , Fernandes Guilherme Moreira
Published: April 2023

Abstract Conceived in the 1960s, a period of great economic and social transformations in Brazil, Folkcommunication was born with the aim of overcoming Communication problems by seeing and understanding the reactions of a people who lived on the margins, without any engagement with the media. In this same period, the coupling of “communication” and “development” seeks a public atmosphere favorable to social transformation in Latin America. Considering that the two theoretical approaches complement each other, this work proposes a crossing between Folkcommunication and Communication for Development (C4D), based on a literature review. The contribution of this research is based on the recognition of folkcommunication within the perspective of social development and on the appreciation of the dialogue between the two aspects.