bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low Maternal Serum Folic Acid as Risk Factor of Preterm Delivery
Authors: Wiradnyana Gede Putra , Kusuma Jaya , Adnyana Ida Bagus Putra , Jaya Made Suyasa , Pangkahila Evert Salomon , Wijaya Gilang Iswara
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Preterm delivery increases the risk of infant mortality and morbidity higher than that of term born babies, so it is still a big problem in the field of obstetrics. Preterm delivery is not only influenced by anatomical factors, but nutritional status can also be a risk factor. Various studies have reported the role of folic acid on the risk of preterm delivery. Folic acid is thought to play a role in preterm labor through inflammatory and infectious pathways, this pathway is triggered by low serum folic acid levels interfering with Hcy metabolism which causes an increase in Hcy levels. High levels of Hcy in serum induce oxidative stress processes in vascular tissue and placental endothelium. The occurrence of oxidative stress and cell apoptosis will release proinflammatory mediators that cause preterm labor. This study aims to prove the role of maternal serum folic acid levels in preterm delivery.

Methods: This study used a case-control design that was carried out from January 2021 to June 2021. The target population of the case in this study was pregnant women in the process of preterm labor with control of preterm pregnant women. The sample in this study was taken by consecutive sampling (non random sampling). Examination of folic acid from venous blood samples was carried out using the ELISA method.

Results: This study involved 27 cases (preterm delivery) and 27 controls (preterm pregnancy). In this study, serum folic acid levels were found to be lower in the case group compared to the control group (cases vs. controls: 9.86 ± 1.93 ng/mL vs. 13.59 ± 1.24 ng/mL), all samples the case and control groups received folic acid supplementation. In this study, the maternal serum folic acid threshold was found at a concentration of 12.2 ng/mL, the researchers also obtained a risk value (OR) of 5.71 which indicated that pregnant women with serum folate levels below the value of 12.2 ng/mL had a risk of preterm delivery. 6 times greater when compared to pregnant women with serum folate levels above this value. Folic acid plays a role in the developmental phase of EVT, angiogenesis, and secretion of MMP which is important in placental development. Low serum folic acid levels also increase the process of angiogenesis, expression of MMP2, MMP3, and MMP9 thereby increasing the risk of preterm labor.

Conclusion: Low folic acid serum level in pregnancy is a risk factor for the occurrence of preterm labor by six times.
Evaluation of Cytotoxic Activity of Epigenetic Drugs in Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Cassidy Róisín M. , McKenna Sharon L. , Barry Órla P.
Published: March 2023

Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OESCC) is a poor prognosis cancer with current treatments demonstrating limited efficacy. Recently, the field of epigenetics has gained equal importance to that of genetics in cancer, including in oesophageal cancer. The increasing number of epigenetic drugs is driving the need to identify the most efficacious and potent of these drugs in various cancers. This study investigated both the metabolic activity and importantly, the long-term cytotoxic effects of different families of epigenetic drugs including DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi: azacitidine, 5-aza-2ʹ-deoxycytidine, 5-fluoro-2ʹ-deoxycytidine, RG108, procaine hydrochloride, zebularine), histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi: valproic acid, panobinostat, vorinostat, belinostat, romidepsin, RGFP966 and santacruzamate A) and bromodomain and extra-terminal motif inhibitors (BETi: JQ1, OTX015, I-BET151A and I-BET762) in OESCC cells (KE-8 and KYSE-450) as well as non-neoplastic oesophageal epithelial cells (HET-1A). Effects on metabolic activity were measured using the MTT bio-reduction assay, while cytotoxic effects were assessed using the long-term clonogenic assay. Dose-dependent effects were observed with specific drugs from all three classes of epigenetic drugs. OESCC cells were most vulnerable to the FDA approved drugs (valproic acid, panobinostat, vorinostat, belinostat and romidepsin) in both the MTT bio-reduction and clonogenic assays. Interestingly, the non-neoplastic HET-1A epithelial cells demonstrated resistance to some DNMTi and HDACi drugs at concentrations that were cytotoxic to OESCC. Thus, our findings have identified a subset of epigenetic drugs that can impair the metabolic activity of OESCC and importantly, are cytotoxic. This may aid in the design of future therapeutic regimes for treatment of this drug resistant cancer.
Comparison of Training and Competition to the Incidence of Overuse Injury in Elite Badminton Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Nugraha Hans K. , Gaol Imelda L. , Budhiparama Nicolaas C.
Published: March 2023

Background: Badminton is a high-paced and fastest racket sport in the world. The movements include shot in the upper-head, smash, running, and etc. That is why a lot risk of injuries happens in badminton during the training and competition. Most cases is the overuse injury, it is about, 98.5%.

Methods: A systematic review using PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted based on PRISMA guideline. Inclusion criteria were the mean age 14-52 years old, comparing between training and competition that cause incidence of overuse injury. Studies of only one surgical technique modality and case reports were excluded. For the meta-analysis, a total of 4 studies were included and fixed effect model was used to pool the result. In each study, mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for continuous data using review manager 5.0.

Results: A total of 361 athletes mean aged 15-52 years old were included in the analysis. Male and female were equally affected, while variable angle plate was more often performed than fixed angle plate. Meta-analysis based on the incidence of overuse injury proved that the odd ratio between variable angle and fixed angle plate is 1,68, indicating higher incidence while training (p value=0.09).

Conclusion: Current systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that the incidence of overuse injury is higher in badminton training compared to badminton competition.
Drugs Prescribing Trends in Three Polyclinics in Benghazi-Libya 2020
Authors: Bukhatwa Salma Abdelkerim , Elmabsout Ali Ateia , Jaber Naseem Easim , Tagoeri Khalid Munir , Tagoeri Ali Munir , Zgogo Rana , Kashbour Aisha
Published: March 2023

Background: There is an efforts made to improve drug prescribing practices in developing countries. The aim of present work was to comparing prescribing indicators, patient care, and missing information on prescriptions and identifying and assessing drug use patterns in three polyclinics in Benghazi city, Libya.

Methods: In this descriptive cross section study a random sample of 1522 prescriptions were selected from three polyclinics include Ras-Ebida, Khalid Ibn-Elwalid and Al-Kish, over 4 months (July-October 2020). The data was collected through predesigned questionnaire. The prescriptions were analyzed for the following indicators: prescribing indicators, patient-care indicators and drug-use indicators.

Results: A total of 1522 prescriptions (average = 507.3/clinic) were collected from the three polyclinics including 2329 prescribed (average = 1.4/prescription) items. Percentage of drugs prescribed with generic name was 0.0%, the percentage of prescriptions with antibiotics was 46.3%. The average of prescriptions of injections was 0.84. The average consultation time is 3.4 min and the average dispensing time was found to be 24 seconds. Major classes of drugs prescribed included analgesics, antibiotics, drugs used in medicine & derma clinics, ophthalmic drugs, minerals & vitamins, anti-inflammatory drugs, antihistaminic and antifungal drugs. The most prescribed analgesic was paracetamol (94.4%) and antibiotic was Augmentin (50.3%). In regarding prescribed drug in medicine clinics was found lisinopril (32.0%) and ophthalmic drug was cusicrom (36.8%). In addition, the majorities of prescribed vitamin were vitamin C (81.0%), for GIT drug was omeprazole (59.3%), and for dermatology was Fucidin (56.3%). While most prescribed anti-inflammatory was aspirin (52.4%), antihistaminic was loratidine (97.0%), for antifungal drug was flagyl (58.0%).

Conclusion: Despite the efforts being made to improve prescribing habits and to rationalize the use of drugs, the obtained results confirm the deficiencies as reported earlier and suggest that methods of intervention should be initiated to improve prescribing trends in these polyclinics.
Chalazion and Face Mask Wear during COVID-19 Pandemic: Is There A Link?
Authors: Akioud Wafae , Sebbata Soundouss , Mozarie Yassine , Oubaaz Abdelbarre
Published: March 2023

Alongside the use of face mask as a preventive measure during the COVID-19 pandemic, it has been noticed a high increase in chalazion incidence.
Purpose: To determine whether or not using face mask is correlated to the rise in chalazion cases among patients.
Material and Methods: This is a retrospective multicentric study, conducted in two different hospitals distanced by more than 500 Km (Rabat Military Hospital and Tetouan’s Provincial Hospital). Records of the operative rooms and medical visits of both centers were reviewed and patients with chalazion were included. We, then, determined the incidence of chalazion for each month between March and September of years 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022. The data collected was then processed by the software Jamovi 22.0.
Results: It is clear through our data analyses that the chalazion incidence rose in the pandemic period compared to the same month of the years 2018, 2021 and 2022. The risk of developing chalazia also increased with the frequent use of face mask daily.
Conclusion: face mask wear appears to have a direct link to chalazion formation. To keep a safe balance between the protective role of face mask and its adverse effect on the ocular surface stability, many measure may be proposed and appear to be quite efficient.
Cephalometric Norms in Sudanese Sample: A Pilot Study
Authors: Hashim Hayder Abdalla , Gsouma Imen , Ahmed Sally Said , Hashim Mohamed Hayder
Published: March 2023

Aims: In this study, cephalometric norms for Sudanese with class I normal occlusion were introduced, and the results were compared to those from other studies in various populations.

Materials and Methods: 29 cephalographs with ages ranging from 18 to 25 made up the sample. The selection criteria were met by all competitors. After that, cephalometric findings were compared to earlier findings from research among reported Arabs, as well as research among Oriental and Black races.

Results: When compared to Caucasian cephalometric norms, Sudanese showed greater mean values of the sagittal and vertical relationships. The inter-incisal angle decreased, and the upper and lower incisors were proclined in reference to their dental bases. The soft tissue variables show that the nasolabial angle was less acute and that the lips were slightly protruding in relation to Rickett's esthetic line. Black and Oriental races, as well as Arab populations possessed bimaxillary proclination and protrusion of the upper and lower incisors, whereas Caucasians had retrusive dentition.

Conclusion: Due to the small sample size, drawing a firm conclusion is challenging. Therefore, it is advised to use large sample sizes for both sexes in order to establish cephalometric norms, which will be very beneficial to not only orthodontists but also oral and maxillofacial surgeons, as well as pedodontist.
Fetal Megacystic Spontaneus Resolution: A Case Report
Authors: Sanjaya I Nyoman Hariyasa , Mulyana Ryan Saktika , Pangkahila Evert Solomon , Pemayun Cokorda Istri Mirayani , Setiawan William Alexander
Published: March 2023

About 1 in 1500 pregnancies have fetal megacystis discovered during the first trimester ultrasound. Because of obstructive or non-obstructive factors, the fetal bladder may appear enlarged. In the first instance, a lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO) or obstruction of the bladder outlet causes an increase in hydronephrosis, increased renal parenchymal echogenicity, and oligohydramnios beginning in the second trimester. This condition is associated with poor postnatal renal function and high perinatal mortality. Unusual conditions like the megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome are uncommon and are among the non-obstructive causes. Megacystis does not always progress as the pregnancy progresses, and earlier research has even documented spontaneous resolution of the condition while pregnant. Prenatal counseling for fetal megacystis is difficult because of the condition's variable etiology, evolution, and prognosis
Irreducibility of Binomials
Authors: WANG Haohao , WOJDYLO Jerzy , OMAN Peter
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we prove that the family of binomials $x_1^{a_1} \cdots x_m^{a_m}-y_1^{b_1}\cdots y_n^{b_n}$ with $\gcd(a_1, \ldots, a_m, b_1, \ldots, b_n)=1$ is irreducible by identifying the connection between the irreducibility of a binomial in ${\mathbb C}[x_1, \ldots, x_m, y_1, \ldots, y_n]$ and ${\mathbb C}(x_2, \ldots, x_m, y_1, \ldots, y_n)[x_1]$. Then we show that the necessary and sufficient conditions for the irreducibility of this family of binomials is equivalent to the existence of a unimodular matrix $U_i$ with integer entries such that $(a_1, \ldots, a_m, b_1, \ldots, b_n)^T=U_i \be_i$ for $i\in \{1, \ldots, m+n\}$, where $\be_i$ is the standard basis vector.
$(n,d)$-$\mathcal{X}_R$-phantom and $(n,d)$-$_R\mathcal{X}$-cophantom morphisms
Authors: KHATTARI Mourad , BENNIS Driss
Published: March 2023

Several authors have been interested in some like phantom
morphisms such as $d$-phantoms,
$d$-$\operatorname{Ext}$-phantoms, neat-phantom morphisms, clean-
cophantom morphisms, $RD$-phantom morphisms and
$RD$-$\operatorname{Ext}$-phantom morphisms. In this paper, we
prove that these notions can be unified. We are mainly interested
in proving that the majority of the existing results hold true in
our general framework.
Is big team research fair in national research assessments? The case of the UK Research Excellence Framework 2021
Authors: Thelwall Mike , Kousha Kayvan , Makita Meiko , Abdoli Mahshid , Stuart Emma , Wilson Paul , Levitt Jonathan
Published: March 2023

Collaborative research causes problems for research assessments because of the difficulty in fairly crediting its authors. Whilst splitting the rewards for an article amongst its authors has the greatest surface-level fairness, many important evaluations assign full credit to each author, irrespective of team size. The underlying rationales for this are labour reduction and the need to incentivise collaborative work because it is necessary to solve many important societal problems. This article assesses whether full counting changes results compared to fractional counting in the case of the UK's Research Excellence Framework (REF) 2021. For this assessment, fractional counting reduces the number of journal articles to as little as 10% of the full counting value, depending on the Unit of Assessment (UoA). Despite this large difference, allocating an overall grade point average (GPA) based on full counting or fractional counting gives results with a median Pearson correlation within UoAs of 0.98. The largest changes are for Archaeology (r=0.84) and Physics (r=0.88). There is a weak tendency for higher scoring institutions to lose from fractional counting, with the loss being statistically significant in 5 of the 34 UoAs. Thus, whilst the apparent over-weighting of contributions to collaboratively authored outputs does not seem too problematic from a fairness perspective overall, it may be worth examining in the few UoAs in which it makes the most difference.
Causal inference using regression-based statistical control: Confusion in Econometrics
Authors: Chao Fan , Yu Guang
Published: March 2023

Regression is a widely used econometric tool in research. In observational studies, based on a number of assumptions, regression-based statistical control methods attempt to analyze the causation between treatment and outcome by adding control variables. However, this approach may not produce reliable estimates of causal effects. In addition to the shortcomings of the method, this lack of confidence is mainly related to ambiguous formulations in econometrics, such as the definition of selection bias, selection of core control variables, and method of testing for robustness. Within the framework of the causal models, we clarify the assumption of causal inference using regression-based statistical controls, as described in econometrics, and discuss how to select core control variables to satisfy this assumption and conduct robustness tests for regression estimates.
Determining the Temporal Change in Tuz Gölü between 2000-2020 by Remote Sensing
Authors: Yıldız Nuriye Ebru , Çetiner Zeynep
Published: March 2023

Changes in the landscape become extremely destructive and many heritage values and resources are irreversibly lost. The speed, frequency and magnitude of these changes in the landscape increased in the second half of the 20th century, especially with the impact of human activities. Remote sensing is the most widely used method for determining the change in the landscape. In the research, MNDWI, NDVI and NDMI techniques, which are frequently applied in remote sensing, were used in order to determine the landscape change in Salt Lake. Thus, the changes in the built area, water surface and land cover between the years 2000-2020 in Salt Lake were determined. According to the MNDWI and NDMI Analysis results, a decrease was observed in the water surface width and moisture content in Salt Lake between 2000 and 2020. In the steppe areas south of Salt Lake, the increase in tree cover due to the change in land use type was determined by NDVI analysis. Therefore, it is possible to say that there is an increase in the amount of moisture in these areas. In addition, it was determined that the increase in agricultural activities in the region caused a change in land use types and the amount of green space in the region changed at this rate. With the mentioned methods, negative changes in the landscape as a result of human activities on the landscape can be determined practically. Thus, it will be possible to predict the negative consequences of climate change and take precautions.
Exploring the Possibility of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Growing as Second Crop under Uşak Ecology
Authors: Kahraman Ali , Buğdaylı Ünal
Published: March 2023

Tends on human nutrition change every day but legumes act significant role for nutrition over the World. Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a member of Leguminosae family and originated from Asia. Chickpea is rich with protein, carbohydrate, lipid and minerals. It is also sufficient for Daily requirement by view of the essential amino acids – lysine, leucine and arginine. Chickpea is also source of soluble and insoluble fibers. The nutritional fibers have favorable effects on decreasing the time of food passing through intestine, accelerating of weight loss, decreasing of total and LDL cholesterol and balancing of blood sugar level. Sustainability of agriculture is essential for sustainability of life. From this perspective, chickpea is quite important due to various agronomic advantages that may be summarized by main ones are; able to grow as winter crop, lower water requirement, wide adaptation ability to climate and soil, a good alternative for crop rotation systems in addition to health care features. Present research is realized to evaluation of second crop growing facilities in Uşak/Turkey ecology by using 4 chickpea genotypes (Azkan, Hisar, Sarı-98, Yaşa-05) by 4 sowing time (18th June, 02nd July, 16th July, 30th July) by 3 replications. The following measurements were realized; days to emergence, days to flowering, days to harvest, height of plant, number of pod per plant, number of seed per pod, height of first pod, seed yield and weight of hundred seeds. According to the results Yaşa-05 chickpea genotype was determined as the most adaptable in addition to the Azkan chickpea genotype was also obtained as promising to growing as second crop. Deep and long term studies are needed to achievement of more consistent results and providing to sustainability of food security, improvement of soil, better usage of natural sources and contribute to national economy.
Study of the Sustainability of Potato Farms in the Region of Oued Souf (Southern Algeria)
Authors: Nesrine Djouhri , Boualem Bouammar , Mohamed Lakhdar Dadamoussa
Published: March 2023

The objective of this study is to diagnose the potato sector in the El Oued region by highlighting the technical and environmental situation of this sector. For this purpose, a field survey was carried out at the level of 75 farms in the El Oued region. The Oued Souf region’s Farm Sustainability Indicator (IDEA) is important. The assessment of agro-ecological, socio-territorial and economic indicators indicates that the agro-ecological indicator is the most represented by (the indicator of fertilizer and agricultural practices) by 98 out of 100. The results of this study show that this crop presents a good adaptation to the conditions of the region. This sector is undergoing significant development and is of great importance because this agricultural activity represents an economic potential at the local, regional and national levels. However, this sector remains fragile in relation to various constraints of a technical nature (unreasonable irrigation and fertilization and high seed prices), economic (price fluctuations and disorganized markets) and environmental (diseases, weeds) which directly influence the functioning of farms and therefore their profitability. This is why it is necessary to face the problems encountered and fight against the factors that can hinder the sustainability of this sector and give a competitive value.
Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using Cellulose and Starch Extracted from Brewer Spent Grain: Assessment of their Antimicrobial and Preservatives Activities
Authors: Ogidi Clement Olusola , Emmanuel Ogo Philip , Daramola Olanrewaju Oludotun , Bamigboye Oyedolapo , Malomo Olu
Published: March 2023

Non-porous materials like cellulose and starch can be extracted from agro- industrial wastes and incorporated with nanoparticles for effective biotechnological purposes. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNps), silver-cellulose nanoparticles (AgNps-C) and silver-starch nanoparticles (AgNps-S) were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to identify viable biomolecules involved in capping and active stabilization of AgNps. Average sizes and morphologies of AgNps, AgNps-C and AgNps-S were further analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the percentage composition of each element was investigated by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Antimicrobial activity of the synthesized AgNPs-C and AgNPs-S was tested against multiple antibiotic resistance microorganisms isolated from fish and meat. Zones of inhibition displayed by AgNPs-C and AgNPs-S ranged from 8.00 to 13.30 mm and 5.00 to 10.30 mm, respectively. The Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for AgNPs-C and AgNPS-S ranged from 125 µg/mL to 500 µg/mL and 500 µg/mL to 1000 µg/mL, respectively. AgNPS-S and AgNPs-C inhibited the growth of microorganisms associated with spoilage of fish and meat. The bio-applications of AgNP –C and AgNP-S can be exploited in food industries as preservative agent or incorporated to packaging materials to elongate the shelf life of food products and reduce the side effects attributed to chemical preservative agents.
The Effect of Adding Different Amounts of Lachancea thermotolerans together with Saccharomyces cerevisiae on Simultaneous Fermentation in Emir Wine Production
Authors: Tangüler Hasan , Yetisen Mehmet , Sanyol Ayse Geylan , Tuncel Ayse Ezgi , Turkmaya Turkan , Bal Vecihe , Erten Hüseyin
Published: March 2023

Our current research aimed to investigate the impacts of the use of indigenous yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae with different amounts of Lachancea thermotolerans yeasts in mixed culture on the general composition, aroma compounds, sensory analysis and yeast growth of cv. Emir wine. The utilization of L. thermotolerans in mixed cultures reduced the total acidity of wines from 5.40 to 5.19 g/L (as tartaric acid). The acidity of high acid grapes musts obtained from various viticulture areas can be relatively decreased in wine production. In addition, there may be a slight decrease in the amount of ethyl alcohol. On the other hand, increasing the inoculum level of L. thermotolerans led to an increase in the amount of higher alcohols. However, the concentration of esters declined with the higher inoculum levels. According to the sensory evaluation, the most preferred wine was the one obtained with co-inoculation of S. cerevisiae and L. thermotolerans strains at the level of 5×106 and 1×108 cells/mL, respectively. As a result, it can be said that the use of L. thermotolerans yeast in different inoculum levels has a positive effect on wine fermentation.
THE SIXTH AND SEVENTH LARGEST NUMBER OF SUBUNIVERSES OF FINITE LATTICES
Authors: E. Zaya Neven , Haje Dilbak , Ahmed Delbrin
Published: March 2023

Abstract. By a subuniverse, we mean a sublattice or the emptyset. We prove that the sixth largest number of subuniverses of ann-element lattice is 21.125·2n-5 and the seventh largest number is20.75 · 2n-5. Also, we describe the n-element lattices with exactly21.125 · 2n-5 and 20.75 · 2n-5 subuniverses
تەكيا بارزان و رولێ وێ د پێكڤەژيانا ئایینی دا
Authors: Mohammed Tahir Miqdad Omed , Mohammed Ahmed Farhad
Published: March 2023

هەبوونا پێكڤەژيانەكا دروست و یا ئارام د ناڤ هه‌ر جڤاكه‌كێدا لسەر بنياتێ رێزگرتن و يەكسانيێ ئاڤا دبیت. گەلەك جاران كەسايەتيێن جڤاكى رول د پەيداكرن و بهێزكرنا پێكڤەژيانێدا هەبوويە، شێخێن بارزان ژى و ب تايبەتى (شێخ عەبدولسەلامێ دووێ 1874-1914و شێخ ئەحمەدى 1894-1969) رولەكێ بەرچاڤ د پێكڤەژيانا ئايينى ل دەڤەرا بارزاندا هەبوويە. د ڤێ ڤەكولينێدا هەول هاتيیەدان، پشتى دياركرنا كورتيەكێ لسەر جوگرافيا دەڤەرا بارزان و شێخێن بارزان، و دياركرنا تێگەهێ پێكڤەژيانێ و ديتنا ئايينێ ئيسلامێ بو پێكڤەژيانێ، رولێ شێخێن بارزان د پێكڤەژيانا ئايينيدا بهێتەدياركرن. ئەو ژى بڕيكا: رێنمايى و ئاموژگاريێن وان، و سەرەدەريكرنا وان دگەل مەسيحى و يەهودیيان، و بەرگريا وان ژ لايەنگرێن ئايينێن ديتر.
Prehospital care according to the principles of Damage Control Resuscitation in the conditions of modern warfare (literature review)
Authors: Shapkin Y. G. , Seliverstov P. A. , Stekolnikov N. Y. , Ashevskiy V. V.
Published: March 2023

Relevance. Bleeding and hemorrhagic shock are the leading cause of potentially preventable deaths in combat casualties. The concept of pre-hospital injury control Remote Damage Control Resuscitation is becoming an integral part of care in the wounded with shock in the field. The significance of prehospital care provision according to the principles of Damage Control Resuscitation is increasing in future “multidomain battlefield”.

The objective is to consider the effectiveness and features of prehospital care provision according to the principles of DCR in armed conflicts of the last two decades (in Afghanistan, Iraq, Africa, the Middle East).

Methodology. A search was made for scientific articles in the PubMed database and the Scientific Electronic Library (eLIBRARY.ru), published from 2017 to 2022.

Results and Discussion. Prehospital care according to the principles of Damage Control Resuscitation includes temporary arrest of bleeding, infusion therapy as part of hemostatic resuscitation and permissive hypotension, adequate respiratory support, prevention and elimination of hypothermia, and prompt evacuation to the stage of surgical care. Effective means to stop bleeding in combat casualties are modern hemostatic tourniquets, pelvic bandage, hemostatic dressings with koalin and chitosan. Resuscitation endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta is recognized as a promising method for stopping internal bleeding. The basis of hemostatic resuscitation on the battlefield is the earlier transfusion of blood or its components in combination with the introduction of tranexamic acid and calcium preparations. Group O (I) whole blood with low titer anti-A and anti-B antibodies, lyophilized plasma and fibrinogen concentrate offer logistical advantages for combat use.

Conclusion. Pre-hospital care according to the principles of Damage Control Resuscitation is effective and can significantly reduce mortality among those injured in combat operations.
Study of road traffic injuries and deaths among the Federal Fire Service personnnel of the EMERCOM of Russia
Authors: Bobrinev E. V. , Kondashov A. A. , Udavtsova E. Yu. , Putin V. S.
Published: March 2023

Relevance. Road accidents are one of the main causes of death and injury among the EMERCOM of Russia personnel.

The objective is to analyze the circumstances of road traffic occupational injuries and deaths of the Federal Fire Service (FFS) personnel of the EMERCOM of Russia within 2010 to 2021.

Methods. The level of occupational injuries in road accidents from 2010 to 2021, depending on the type of transport, type of activity, day of the week and month of the year, was calculated for 10 thousand firefighters, the level of deaths in the line of duty - for 100 thousand firefighters. Arithmetic averages and their errors (M ± m) are presented.

Results and discussion. The level of accident-caused injuries of the Russian EMERCOM FFS personnel was (1.52 ± 0.20) cases per 10 thousand people. The dynamics shows a decrease by 3.4 times in the statistics of injuries over 12 years. The rate of accident-caused deaths among the Russian EMERCOM FFS personnel was (2.06 ± 0.28) cases per 100 thousand people. The dynamics of the last two years demonstrates an increase in the statistics of injuries.

The road accident injuries constitute 13.2% of the total number of industrial injuries among Russian firefighters. The rate of fatalities caused by road accidents is 25.8% of the total number of firefighters killed in the line of duty.

Conclusion. The analysis of the circumstances of accident-caused injuries among the EMERCOM FFS personnel contributes to improved prevention of occupational firefighter injuries and reduces the on-duty firefighter death rate.
Indulto presidencial, psiquiatria, sociedade e justiça
Authors: Cordeiro Quirino , Sumi Leika Garcia , Higa Karine , Ratto Lílian Ribeiro Caldas , Ribeiro Rafael Bernardon
Published: March 2023

O indulto para presos é uma prerrogativa presidencial prevista na Constituição brasileira e publicada por meio de decreto. Em 2008, o indulto presidencial, que antes era restrito a criminosos apenados, foi estendido a pacientes em medida de segurança. Desde então, o indulto presidencial para pacientes forenses em medida de segurança tem sido renovado anualmente. Tal situação tem gerado grande debate no meio jurídico e psiquiátrico-forense. Além disso, ao longo das últimas edições do decreto de indulto presidencial, as normas para a concessão desse instituto jurídico têm sido cada vez mais abrangentes, muitas vezes carecendo de sustentação técnica e legal, o que também tem levado a grandes discussões e manifestações contrárias por parte de diversos segmentos da sociedade. Diante disso, o presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar e discutir os diversos aspectos controversos contidos no indulto presidencial, com enfoque na sua abrangência à medida de segurança, questão que diz respeito diretamente à psiquiatria forense.
Postflight Analysis of Atmospheric Properties from Mars 2020 Entry, Descent, and Landing
Authors: Dutta Soumyo , Karlgaard Christopher D. , Kass David , Mischna Michael , Villar Gregorio G.
Published: March 2023

The Mars 2020 spacecraft landed the Perseverance rover and Ingenuity helicopter successfully in Jezero crater on Feb. 18, 2021. The entry, descent, and landing (EDL) sequence of the spacecraft largely leveraged the previous 2012 Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission. The atmospheric modeling approach for Mars 2020 was also borrowed from MSL. It consisted of two mesoscale atmospheric models of the target site and a statistical model of the pressure, density, temperature, and winds based on the mesoscale model data. This paper briefly describes the preflight atmospheric models used for Mars 2020, but focuses on the postflight assessment of these models and comparison to near-landing day orbiter sounder and other onboard atmospheric measurements. Observations from postflight analysis showed that density was underpredicted in the upper atmosphere, but within the altitudes covered by the mesoscale models, the preflight modeling matched postflight results, including for quantities like wind velocities. Potential improvements to address the upper atmosphere and other deficiencies of the Mars 2020 preflight model are also discussed.
Impact of Liquid-Hydrogen Fuel-Cell Electric Propulsion on Aircraft Configuration and Integration
Authors: Waddington Elias , Merret Jason M. , Ansell Phillip J.
Published: March 2023

This study considers the aircraft configuration impacts of a liquid-hydrogen fuel-cell electric propulsion system when integrated into a single-aisle, transport-class aircraft having comparable performance capability of a Boeing 737-800. This study demonstrates that, given estimated developments in future components and subsystem technologies for a 2050 entry into service date, the design of an aircraft with a liquid-hydrogen fuel-cell–based propulsion system can be feasibly achieved while still meeting mission-level performance characteristics consistent with modern commercial aircraft throughout the anticipated lifetime of the aircraft. Key technologies that enable this are the purposeful integration of fuel cell thermal management, independent inlet compression to pressurize the air input to the fuel cells, and leveraging distributed electric propulsion advantages. Exploration into the impact of fuel cell power loss due to degradation is also presented. The results show a promising configuration of a liquid-hydrogen fuel-cell–based commercial aircraft to serve as a feasible replacement of narrow-body transport aircraft to help meet climate goals set for the aviation industry.
Identidade e subjetividade surdas no espaço escolar: fragmentos de uma experiência interventiva
Authors: Lima Albenise de Oliveria , Rocha Andrea Vaz de Moura , Nascimento Maria Verônica Pereira do
Published: March 2023

This analysis is the result of an interventional investigation developed in a deaf school in Recife about the identity and subjectivity of deaf students in their relationship with the listening teacher who mediates and facilitates learning. The investigation aimed to analyze the affective relationships in the interlocutions between the interlocutors of the pedagogical process through a qualitative analysis of speech fragments of these actors, expanding, that way, the theoretical-practical knowledge about the learning possibilities of deaf children and teenagers through recognition and acceptance of its singularity, due to its natural gesture-visual language. With that purpose, we could recognise the human value of interpersonal relationships, that is, we are all human beings. So, the dimension of teaching requires an understanding of an attitude of care. Both deaf children and deaf teenagers deserve a decent and humane environment to live and learn. It is important to relate this dimension of human life, in which people with disabilities deserve to be included and valued as human beings. Therefore, the meaning and valuation of the psyche and learning relationship, deaf identity, impelling deaf people to see their own identity in this relationship.
Thomas Reid e as Teorias de Ordem Superior da Consciência
Authors: De Souza Gaspar
Published: March 2023

It is unquestionable to have a theory of consciousness in Thomas Reid (1710 - 1796). However, at least two antagonistic positions are presented to describe this theory. Is Reid's theory of consciousness different from contemporary higher order theories, as Rebecca Copenhaver (2007) argues? Or would Reid agree with the "higher order theory", as Udo Thiel (2010) thinks? In this article I will outline something of Reid's theory of consciousness that would possibly lead Thomas Reid to agree with higher order theories without compromising his system of direct realism. For this purpose, we will develop the article as follows: (1) Introduction to the debate and discussions about higher-order theories of consciousness; (2) a presentation of Thomas Reid's theory of consciousness; (3) conclusion. We will appropriate the analysis of concepts on the subject and on Reid's thought.
Sofrimento psíquico em alunos de graduação da área da saúde pós pandemia
Authors: Foly Raquel Braz Muniz , Bellemo Ana Isabel Sobral
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Verificar através da literatura como anda a saúde mental dos alunos universitários pós pandemia. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa. A busca dos artigos foi realizada nas bases de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Base de Dados de Enfermagem, Scielo e PubMed. Foi utilizado o descritor: sofrimento psíquico and alunos universitários. E a pergunta norteadora deste estudo foi: Como estaria a situação emocional dos estudantes universitários após a pandemia?   Resultados: foram selecionados 9 artigos que trazem a pandemia da COVID-19 sendo um fator de agravamento não somente no ensino dos universitários, mas também no estado emocional deles, considerando a necessidade de adaptação da rotina da faculdade e o próprio receio da contaminação. A repentina reestruturação do ensino frente a pandemia gerou uma readaptação da rotina bem como os novos desafios do ensino remoto, ocasionando sofrimento psíquico devido grandes cobranças da universidade. Existindo a necessidade de maior atenção para estudantes a fim de ajudá-lo a passar por esse período. Considerações finais: O universitário já passa por uma transição ao adentrar a universidade atrelado as várias demandas requisitadas e a pandemia, o ensino remoto foram outros fatores geradores de sofrimento psíquico para esse universitário.
Fatores associados ao aumento de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis no público idoso
Authors: Silva Ellen Fernanda de Oliveira , Santana Adriana , Ribeiro Ana Caroline , Dores Isabelly Dehon Cardoso , Gontijo Thiago Gomes
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Identificar quais são os fatores associados ao aumento de Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (IST’s) na população idosa. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura integrativa, onde foram buscados artigos publicados entre 2017 a 2022, nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português por fontes eletrônicas: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e National Library of Medicine and National Institutes of Health (PUBMED). Resultados: Após leitura e análise dos artigos, foram selecionados 19 estudos. Os resultados foram agrupados por semelhança, constituindo quatro categorias de análise: Fatores associados ao aumento das IST’s; Atuação dos profissionais de saúde na prevenção de IST’s; Correlação da ausência das medidas preventivas e o aumento de IST’s e as IST’s predominantes neste público. Considerações finais: Considera-se que tais evidências contribuirão para melhor compreensão da complexa relação entre os fatores culturais, modelos assistenciais e estigmatização da sexualidade deste público com o aumento das IST’s. O reconhecimento destes fatores é imprescindível para ampliação do acesso à informação, práticas educativas equânimes e capacitação dos profissionais de saúde, possibilitando efetivação de políticas públicas emancipatórias.
A expressão diferencial de microRNAs virais modula a patogenicidade da infecção
Authors: Padilha Marcos Daniel Mendes , Pereira Keise Adrielle Santos , Rosa Alexandre Augusto Bentaberry , Laurentino Rogério Valois , Monteiro Jacqueline Cortinhas , Feitosa Rosimar Neris Martins
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil de miRNAs virais, seus mecanismos de patogênese e descrever sua interação com o hospedeiro. Métodos: Essa pesquisa é uma revisão integrativa, as palavras-chaves foram padronizadas de acordo com os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS), as bases de dados consultadas foram o NCBI, LILACS, BVS e SciELO. Resultados: Os miRNAs regulam negativamente a sinalização IFNγ, RIGI, suprimindo a resposta imune inata, funcionam como imunomoduladores também sendo regulados positivamente e várias vias como PI3K/Akt e ERK/MAPK mantém a patogênese. A regulação negativa da sinalização do interferon tipo I, inibindo citotoxicidade de linfócitos natural killer atenua a resposta imunológica e leva a depleção do sistema imune por essas moléculas, membros da família Let-7 podem reprimir a via de apoptose por inibição de BCL2L2 potencializando infecções. Considerações finais: Os miRNAs são movidos por amplo espectro de interações, ocasionando desregulação de vias de sinalização em processos infecciosos, no entanto, essas moléculas podem ser biomarcadores terapêuticos de interesse, auxiliando no prognóstico e diagnóstico de pacientes com infecções virais.
Sporda Psikolojik Toparlanma Ölçeği (SPTÖ) Geliştirme Çalışması
Authors: KAYĞUSUZ Şeval , KARAGÖZOĞLU Cengiz
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, sporcuların antrenman ya da müsabaka sonrasındaki psikolojik toparlanma durumlarının belirlenmesi için Sporda Psikolojik Toparlanma Ölçeği’nin (SPTÖ) geliştirilmesidir. Ölçeğin katılımcı grubunu yaşları 16-48 (Xyaş=19,41; ±4,35) aralığında olan 177’si kadın, 331’i erkek toplam 508 sporcu oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin yapı geçerliklerini test etmek için AFA ve DFA; yakınsak ve ıraksak geçerliklerini test etmek için ise CR, AVE, MSV ve ASV değerleri ile Pearson Korelasyon analiz değerleri kullanılmıştır. Güvenirliklerini test etmek için ise Cronbach Alfa ve CR değerleri incelenmiştir. AFA sonuçlarında açıklanan varyans oranı %69,88 şeklindedir. DFA sonuçları incelendiğinde ise elde edilen uyum indekslerinin iyi uyum gösterdiği; güvenirlik değerlerine bakıldığında ise alt boyutların iç tutarlık katsayılarının Zihinsel toparlanma için 0,81; Canlılık ve enerji için 0,94; Psikolojik kopma için 0,83 ve İyiye dönüş için ise 0,93 olduğu görülmüştür. Ölçeğin ve tüm alt boyutlarının yakınsak ve ıraksak geçerlik değerlerini desteklediği belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak 20 madde ve Zihinsel toparlanma, Canlılık ve enerji, Psikolojik kopma, İyiye dönüş şeklinde dört alt boyuttan oluşan Sporda Psikolojik Toparlanma Ölçeği geliştirilmiştir.
The regulation of host cytoskeleton during SARS-CoV-2 infection in the nervous system
Authors: Zhang Qian , Jiu Yaming
Published: March 2023

The global economy and public health are currently under enormous pressure since the outbreak of COVID-19. Apart from respiratory discomfort, a subpopulation of COVID-19 patients exhibits neurological symptoms such as headache, myalgia, and loss of smell. Some have even shown encephalitis and necrotizing hemorrhagic encephalopathy. The cytoskeleton of nerve cells changes drastically in these pathologies, indicating that the cytoskeleton and its related proteins are closely related to the pathogenesis of nervous system diseases. In this review, we present the up-to-date association between host cytoskeleton and coronavirus infection in the context of the nervous system. We systematically summarize cytoskeleton-related pathogen-host interactions in both the peripheral and central nervous systems, hoping to contribute to the development of clinical treatment in COVID-19 patients.
Innovating More Each Day and Every Day: A Confucian Learning Approach to Innovation in the Case of Astronomical Innovations in Fifteenth-Century Korea
Authors:   Korean Academy Of Management, Kim Tohyun , Rhee Mooweon
Published: March 2023

Although the question of whether Confucianism impedes or facilitates innovation has long been debated, the mechanisms through which Confucian values influence innovation have been less frequently examined. Given that many East Asian firms today still operate under the influence of Confucian values, understanding these mechanisms can help them foster innovation more effectively. In this paper, we investigate the astronomical innovations made in fifteenth-century Korea under King Sejong, to understand how Confucian values promoted by the Zhongyong can foster organizational learning and innovation. King Sejong and his team of officials devoted substantial efforts and resources to the invention of astronomical instruments and calendrical systems, achieving remarkable developments that often surpassed Chinese antecedents. These innovations were achieved in the midst of dynamic alternations between exploitation and exploration, which were propelled by adherence to the doctrine of Zhongyong—practice, sincerity, and perseverance. In this doctrine, practice motivates learning; sincerity furthers learning; perseverance sustains learning; and together they enable substantive learning that overcomes learning myopia and transcends the boundary between exploitation and exploration. Without sincere and persistent effort to practice what is learned, selfish and myopic desires lead the actors into success or failure traps, preventing them from achieving balance and harmony between exploitation and exploration. Our findings identify the managerial implications from these Confucian values which can help firms overcome conservatism and pursue true innovation each and every day.
Effect of Workplace Bullying on Job Attitude: Moderated Mediating Effect of Union-Support Perception and Self-Esteem
Authors:   Korean Academy Of Management, Cho Kyujun , Jung Heung-Jun , Shin Minju
Published: March 2023

Bullying in the workplace has long been regarded as an endemic problem in organizations and not just as an individual's exceptional or deviant behavior. Bullying in the workplace causes individuals to experience anger, fear, sadness, and guilt, and it increases counterproductive work behavior in an organization, which negatively affects both work and non-work performance. Given these contexts, we analyzed job attitudes, self-esteem, and perceptions of union support according to workplace bullying among 1,932 call-center counselors. To summarize the analysis results, first, when the occurrence of workplace bullying was high, it was expected that there would be a negative (-) relationship with job attitude. In addition, when the occurrence of workplace bullying is high, individual self-esteem is damaged, and it is expected that there will be a negative (-) relationship with job attitude, and the mediating role of self-esteem is proposed as a hypothesis. Lastly, if the awareness of union support is high, it can be expected that the union will be recognized as occupying the role of a supporter and that, even if exposed to workplace bullying, the negative relationship with job attitude can be alleviated. As a result of the analysis, the proposed hypothesis was supported, and the results were discussed in the research implications.