bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Jazz Pilgrimage of Gerald Wilson
Authors: Loza Steven , Wilson Anthony
Published: January 2020

Jazz great Gerald Wilson (1918–2014), born in Shelby, Mississippi, left a global legacy of paramount significance through his progressive musical ideas and his orchestra's consistent influence on international jazz. Aided greatly by interviews that bring Wilson's voice to the story, this book presents a perspective on what the musician and composer called his “jazz pilgrimage.” Wilson uniquely adapted Latin influences into his jazz palette, incorporating many Cuban and Brazilian inflections as well as those of Mexican and Spanish styling. Throughout, the book refers to Wilson's compositions and arrangements, including their historical contexts and motivations. It provides savvy musical readings and analysis of the repertoire, and concludes by reflecting upon Wilson's ideas on the place of jazz culture in America, its place in society and politics, its origins, and its future. With a foreword written by Wilson's son, Anthony, and such sources as essays, record notes, interviews, and Wilson's own reflections, the biography represents the artist's ideas with all their philosophical, historical, and cultural dimensions. Beyond merely documenting Wilson's many awards and recognitions, this book ushers readers into the heart and soul of a jazz creator. Wilson emerges a unique and proud African American artist whose tunes became a mosaic of the world.
Charley Patton
Authors: Ferris William
Published: January 2020

Fifty years after Charley Patton's death in 1934, a team of blues experts gathered five thousand miles from Dockery Farms at the University of Liege in Belgium to honor the life and music of the most influential artist of the Mississippi Delta blues. This book brings together essays from that international symposium on Charley Patton and Mississippi blues traditions, influences, and comparisons. Originally published by Presses Universitaires de Liège in Belgium, this edition has been revised and updated with a new foreword, new images added, and some chapters translated into English for the first time. Patton's personal life and his recorded music bear witness to how he endured and prevailed in his struggle as a black man during the early twentieth century. Within this book, that story offers hope and wonder. Organized in two parts, the chapters create an invaluable resource on the life and music of this early master. The book secures the legacy of Charley Patton as the fountainhead of Mississippi Delta blues.
Black Music USA: From African to African American Music
Authors: Sacré Robert
Published: January 2020

This chapter discusses the history of African American Music. Many of the roots of black American music lie in Africa more than four hundred years ago at the start of the slave trade. It is essential to realize that the importance given to music and dance in Africa was reflected among black people in America in the songs they sang, in their dancing, and at their folk gatherings. As such, every aspect of jazz, blues, and gospel music is African to some degree. Work songs and the related prison songs are precursors of the blues. One can assume that primitive forms of pre-blues appeared around 1885, mostly in the Deep South and predominantly in the state of Mississippi. However, it was several more years before the famous AAB twelve-bar structure appeared, and when it did, one of its leading practitioners was Charley Patton.
No Small Thing
Authors: Lawson William H.
Published: January 2020

The Mississippi Freedom Vote of 1963 is no small thing. It is a complex historical and rhetorical phenomenon worthy of in-depth analysis. The Mississippi Freedom Vote of 1963 was an integrated citizens’ campaign to empower and promote agency for blacks within the state. With candidates Aaron Henry, a black pharmacist from Clarksdale, for governor and Reverend Edwin King, a white college chaplain from Vicksburg, for lieutenant governor, the Freedom Vote ran a platform aimed at obtaining votes, justice, jobs, and education for blacks in the Magnolia state. Though the actual campaign took place October 13 through November 4, the Freedom Vote’s impact far transcends those few weeks in the fall of 1963 and extends beyond the borders of Mississippi. Campaign manager Bob Moses was right to label the Freedom Vote “one of the most unique voting campaigns in American history.” It is precisely how the rhetorical forms employed by the Freedom Vote catalyze agency that is so appealing and unique. Educating people about citizenship and then providing an opportunity to practice this phronesis in real time created a groundswell of political activity in Mississippi. The Freedom Vote campaign employed the rhetorical tactics of image events to protest voting rights inequalities by executing a campaign that allowed participants to enact the very agency that was being criticized. The campaign turned protestors in to citizens, allowing local citizens to experience empowerment, and it allowed organizers to learn valuable lessons that they would employ time and time again.
Past Lives
Authors: Fazio Michele
Published: January 2020

In Robert Kirkman’s graphic narrative The Walking Dead, the zombie apocalypse acts an equalizing force, bringing together disparate groups of survivors from all walks of life, who join forces to combat the living dead. Yet Kirkman’s emphasis on each character’s work history sheds light on the divisive class and economic power that continues to haunt protagonist Rick Grimes and a host of minor characters who display a profound sense of disillusionment and worker alienation in attempting to achieve the American Dream. Kirkman’s anti-capitalist slant as demonstrated by many of the characters’ relief in having escaped the endless cycle of commerce, consumerism, and capitalism that consumed their lives before the zombie invasion occurred becomes a useful tool to discuss how labor impacts lived experience.
You Can Be Whatever the Hell You Want
Authors: Kanayama Kelly
Published: January 2020

The Vertigo series Preacher subverts gender norms regarding constructions of heroism and criticizes patriarchal expectations surrounding women’s labor. As a revisionist Western comic following in the tradition of revisionist Western films, Preacher continually questions certain boundaries and conventions of its genre while adhering strongly to others. This tension is best embodied in the character of Tulip O’Hare, the series’ female lead. In Tulip we see the traits of the typically male classic Western hero and superhero; a repudiation of the gendering of recreational pursuits; and the obligation of ongoing labor placed upon women in a male-dominated society, which in her case plays out against a staunchly working-class socioeconomic background.
“It’s Just Us Here”
Authors: Scott Kevin Michael
Published: January 2020

This essay examines Daredevil’s positioning in the Marvel Universe as belonging to the super-powered 1 percent but simultaneously representing both the non-super-powered and the economically disadvantaged. Moreover, the figure of Daredevil crystalizes the tensions inherent in the fascination with (and vicarious thrills experienced through) superheroes as special and “different,” a complex relationship mirrored by our social love/hate relationship with the wealthy. Famous for his guilt-ridden moodiness and Hamlet-like uncertainty, Daredevil enacts our own discomfort with feeling less than special in a culture that both resents and hallows those that are.
The Adolescent Posthuman
Authors: Merrylees Ferne
Published: January 2020

Ferne Merrylees analyzes Julianna Baggott’s Pure and Marissa Meyer’s Cinder, concluding that both protagonists must accept their posthuman bodies, being organic and inorganic hybrids. Once Pressia and Cinder learn that embracing their Otherness makes them strong, they can move more freely in their dystopian worlds. Both novels narrate the ideological tensions between transhumanism and bioconservatism, as played out in the changing subjectivities of Pressia and Cinder. Neither position is privileged, as both stories illustrate how “technology is considered both the curse and the cure.” The struggles of Pressia and Cinder serve as analogues to 21st century adolescent anxieties regarding body image.
China Miéville’s Young Adult Novels
Authors: Tarr Anita
Published: January 2020

Noting the penchant for China Miéville’s writings to defy genre categorization, Anita Tarr labels his three YA novels as posthumanist assemblages, being posthumanist-Marxist-fantasy-Gothic horror-Young Adult novels. King Rat, Un Lun Dun, and Railsea are all re-envisionings of classic stories (“Pied Piper of Hamelin,” Through the Looking-Glass, and Moby Dick), sometimes to the detriment of Miéville’s superlative imaginative writing. Miéville is especially concerned with his protagonists resisting their conventional heroic destiny as they explore their posthumanist possibilities. Stock full of hybrid characters, each novel acknowledges fluid boundaries (fantasy and reality, animal and human) and multiple subjectivities; however, each is also burdened with heavy ties to anti-consumerist lessons.
Resurgence of Nativism: 1850–55
Authors: Carriere Marius M.
Published: January 2020

This chapter begins with how the Compromise of 1850, temporarily, calmed ethnic, anti-foreign prejudice, and sectional tension in Louisiana. Yet, nativism remained close to the surface. Nativism returned as the National Whig party fell apart and foreign immigration increased. The chapter discusses a new native-American party rising to replace the old Whig party, the American or Know Nothing party. The chapter covers how many Whigs found a new political home in this party. Violence characterized the elections in the state, particularly, in New Orleans. However the chapter notes how the large number of Catholics in the state, who often became members of the Know Nothings, put the state party at odds with the national organization.
The Broken Plantation and the Sweet Space of Gardens
Authors: Salvaggio Ruth
Published: January 2020

This chapter documents how gardens have historically taken their interstitial shapes in the breakdown of the plantation system. Emerging on the site of former plantations and within the tightly wedged architecture of the developing city, diverse gardens have offered fertile aesthetic and functional grounds for sustaining this fragile city as well as possible patterns of urban sustainability. The chapter opens with a reading of Tennessee Williams’ iconic play, A Streetcar Named Desire, and ends by reimagining the city as a water lily, adapting itself to its fluid environment.
Harmony Street
Authors: Klingman John P.
Published: January 2020

This is a descriptive analysis of a historic New Orleans Garden District house by its owner, an architect who has embraced the idiosyncratic aspects of the house while designing ways of enhancing them. The chapter’s vantage point is lived and imagined experience, in the manner of Gaston Bachelard, focused upon the concept of dwelling. Perhaps most radically, the chapter describes the potential for and advantages of thermal comfort in warm weather, using passive cooling and other design modifications, while eschewing mechanical air conditioning.
“Seeing the Elephant” in New Orleans’s Interstitial Spaces
Authors: Campanella Richard
Published: January 2020

This chapter explores the formation of New Orleans’ sybaritic reputation, with special attention paid to how hedonism was spatially manifested in an urban geography, how urban granularity lent it a hand, how social and legislative marginalization made space for it, and how modern tourism rests on these historical spatialities. Drawing from the author’s research on the cultural history and geography of Bourbon Street, the investigation spans the full three centuries of the city’s history, with an emphasis on the late antebellum and Victorian eras.
The First Wave
Authors: Rutter Emily Ruth
Published: January 2020

In 1975 the historian John Holway incredulously observed, “In America’s national baseball library, half the history of baseball was missing!” (xvii). Although African Americans had been actively engaged in the national pastime for over a century when Holway made these comments, the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum in Cooperstown, New York, had neglected to include their experiences behind the color line. In ...
The Bad Sixties
Authors: Hoerl Kristen
Published: January 2020

Over the past four decades, a wide range of Hollywood films and television programs have referenced events and individuals associated with the 1960s counterculture, anti-war, and Black Power movements. This book analyses narrative patterns and recurring character types across a wide variety of fictionalized film and television portrayals of the late sixties to illustrate how Hollywood has consistently derided and trivialized the period’s protest movements. The Bad Sixties argues that Hollywood has promulgated selective amnesia by decontextualizing spectacular events that have come to define the decade from the motives that drove dissidents. Hollywood’s consistently negative depictions of protest function rhetorically as civics lessons by placing radical dissent, including criticisms of Western imperialism, structural racism, patriarchy, and two-party politics, as outside of the boundaries of legitimate civic engagement in the United States. The book concludes that Hollywood’s vision of the bad sixties has bolstered conservative agendas since the Reagan Era with profound and troubling implications for democracy and social justice movements today.
Protectors of the Inheritance
Authors: Bryan Violet Harrington
Published: January 2020

This chapter points out that New Orleans Black women writers use and preserve traditions of the culture of New Orleans: love of family, community, and music, as contexts for their writings. Re-creation of blues and jazz and remembrance of the ancestors and religious traditions are essential themes. Writers of fiction and poetry, such as Alice Dunbar-Nelson and Sybil Kein, attempt also to revise the image of the Creole woman, or free woman of color, by showing her strong importance to the family and community. Black women writers Mona Lisa Saloy and Brenda Marie Osbey recognize the language, music, food, and geographical environment of New Orleans. They also address the living influence of the spirit and the ancestors who continue to live in the city’s folklore and the religions, primarily, Catholicism and Voodoo/ Hoodoo.
Women Maskers
Authors: Franco Pamela R.
Published: January 2020

This chapter discusses two elements of black women’s masquerade, dressing up and social commentary, in Trinidad Carnival and the efficacy of their performance. The Baby Doll masquerade character of the early decades of the twentieth century provides a portrait of the intersection of dress, commentary, and play. The beautiful and radiant Martiniquian-style dress enabled Black women to be visible as they took center stage in a performance of public shaming of men allegedly for non-support of their children. At times comic, the performance was also double-edged. Black women appeared to be both virtuous (as mothers) and deviant (whores who could not confirm a father’s paternity). In the end, the Baby Doll character was an inventive, carnivalesque attempt to right a wrong, but to no avail.
From the Bamboula to the Baby Dolls
Authors: Atkins Jennifer
Published: January 2020

Baby Dolls embodied the rambunctious, ambulatory dance practices of New Orleans' African-American community, playing with ragtime dancing, a style in conversation with early twentieth century music. Baby Doll dancing referenced their contemporary situation, empowering them through ribald street jaunts full of dynamism, while also relating to other cultural practices like jazz funerals and connecting them to a historical legacy that traced back to Congo Square (and earlier). Essential to Congo Square, where the Bamboula dance featured prominently, was that West African dance aesthetics persevered but also blended with sociocultural ideas influenced by its New Orleans context. Improvisation was key. Dancing, whether in Congo Square or ragtime style, highlighted spontaneity and a spirited—even competitive—style that cultivated agency while acknowledging a communal presence. These moments (and movement) were vibrant, illuminating Baby Dolls as innovators within a rich, cultural tradition that left troubles behind as liveliness surged through their dancing processions.
Southern White Ministers and the Civil Rights Movement
Authors: Lechtreck Elaine Allen
Published: January 2020

How did southern white ministers who believed that racial segregation was against God’s teachings attempt to convince people in their churches and their communities to abandon fears of integration and overcome prejudices? This book is about important episodes in United States history, southern history, church history, and the power of faith. Southern white ministers who aligned with the Civil Rights Movement experienced harassment, vilification, jailing, beating, and psychological pain. Their sermons, efforts, and sacrifices on behalf of school integration and the Civil Rights Movement are chronicled in this book. Did their efforts help change southern society? Scholars differ in opinions. Most argue that black leaders and organizations brought an end to segregation, Others contend that the federal government speeded the process, but this book shows that southern white ministers were also influential, sometimes only locally, sometimes only personally, but counted together their actions become significant. Clinton High in Tennessee and Central High in Little Rock where ministers accompanied African American students amid angry and jeering mobs, today, are good functioning schools with interracial student bodies. The University of Mississippi, where an Episcopal vicar was knocked off a pedestal while trying to quell a bloody riot, has made great strides towards racial reconciliation. These ministers welcomed black people into their churches in spite of closed-door policies. A Baptist minister established an interracial farm that has endured for seventy-six years, a farm that birthed Habitat for Humanity. The sacrifices of these ministers showed African Americans that not all white people were enemies.
Denominations
Authors: Lechtreck Elaine Allen
Published: January 2020

This chapter is about denominations in the South that once supported slavery and segregation. Now all have made apologies for past sins and injustices and continue to eradicate racial prejudice within their ranks. How did this happen? It took the combined efforts of many ministers and lay people---not all are mentioned: Baptists, Finlator, Gilmore, Holmes, Jordan, Maston, McClain, Seymour, Shannon, Stallings, Turner, Valentine; Methodists, Blanchard, Brabham, Butts, Cunningham, Ed King, Haugabook, Rhett Jackson, Reese, Schroerlucke, Selah, Sellers, Eben Taylor, Turnipseed (Methodists were also challenged to merge black and white Conferences that had been separate since 1939); Episcopalians Gray, Hines, Marmion, Morris, Stuart; Presbyterians, Calhoun, Edwards, Miller, Moffett, Rice, Smylie, Randolph Taylor, Thompson, Tucker, Yeuell; Disciples of Christ, Cartwright, Hulan; Churches of Christ, Chalk, Floyd, Fred Gray, Money, Price; Lutherans, Anderson, Davis, Ellwanger, Herzfeld, Homrighausen, Voigt Included is a review of the Delta Ministry and more about Will Campbell.
Debra “Steps Up” to Save Pinhook
Authors: Lawrence David Todd , Lawless Elaine J.
Published: January 2020

This chapter explores how a quiet, unassuming middle-aged woman, the daughter of one of the founders of the town, became and continues to be the community’s relentless voice for justice for over six years following the breach. Debra is, without doubt, one of a handful of women who have been essential to keeping the community of Pinhook from fracturing during the difficult years of displacement. Debra has led the charge in seeking restitution from the government. The Pinhook women together have helped to preserve the community by working diligently to sustain the bonds that still hold it together.
Alternate Roots
Authors: Scodari Christine
Published: January 2020

For over two decades, the media have chronicled escalating participation in family history prompted by, among other things, the aging of Baby Boomers and Generation Xers, the growing availability of digital genealogy sites and archives, and a burgeoning interest in racial and ethnic history and culture of the sort inspired by the airing of the historical drama miniseries Roots forty years ago.
Alternate Roots is the first book to critically address a wide array of media-related institutions, texts, technologies, and practices of family history readily encountered in the new millennium, including genealogy-themed television series, books, documentaries, websites, family photos and civil records, social media interactions, genealogical institutions, “roots” tourism, and genetic ancestry testing services capitalizing on the 2003 mapping of the human genome. These objects of inquiry present unique and pressing issues for critical investigation in terms of economic and privacy concerns as well as ethnicity, race, and hybrid identities.
Judiciously interweaving her own genealogical journey involving ethnic, racial, classed, and gendered identities pertinent to her southern Italian and Italian American family history throughout the multifaceted examination of critical objects, Christine Scodari unearths pivot points of thought and action in the performance and representation of family history that can be adapted by others and facilitated by digital media. This alternate roots strategy, an expansive approach to family history, enables practitioners to venture beyond genetic definitions of kinship, their own ancestral history, and the struggles of those sharing their affiliations, and to interrogate genealogical media and related commodities and activities accordingly.
“Establish Some Kind of Control”: Survivor Interviews
Authors: Horigan Kate Parker
Published: January 2020

This chapter employs discourse analysis to examine oral narratives from the interactive context of interviews for the Surviving Katrina and Rita in Houston Project (SKRH), in which hurricane survivors interview one another. The speakers use rhetorical strategies that show their concern with coherence and logic. The interlocutors demonstrate careful attention to their interactions with one another, and their exchanges become part of the textual products (recording and transcript) of the interview. Consequently, listeners can observe how dialogue between participants enables interviewees to exhibit greater control over their positioning as narrators. This chapter shows how SKRH interviewees emphasize their personal responsibility: as narrators in the interactional context of the interviews, and as actors in the events they describe. This insistence evokes a dominant narrative of irresponsibility among Katrina’s victims that, although not explicitly referred to by these survivors, is simultaneously conjured and interrupted by their protestations against it.
From “Angel of Mercy” to “Fallen Folk Hero”: Zeitoun’s Story Travels
Authors: Horigan Kate Parker
Published: January 2020

This chapter discusses Abdulrahman Zeitoun’s Katrina narrative, the subject of Zeitoun, Dave Eggers’ non-fiction bestseller. The story was first shared as a public blog by Mr. Zeitoun, then interview versions were published in Billy Sothern’s Down in New Orleans and in Voices from the Storm, edited by Lola Vollen and Chris Ying. Ultimately, Dave Eggers presents Zeitoun as a folk hero—an immigrant turned self-made businessman who steps up when disaster strikes—so when Zeitoun faces wrongful incarceration partly due to Islamophobia in Katrina’s wake, readers feel outraged. The public response to Zeitoun is complicated, though, by later criminal charges against him of domestic assault. Despite Abdulrahman’s early involvement in narrating his story, when it comes to Zeitoun, the survivor’s engagement with the narration is absent, and the result is a dangerously one-sided picture.
Katrina Stories Get Graphic in A.D.: New Orleans after the Deluge
Authors: Horigan Kate Parker
Published: January 2020

This chapter describes a popular culture text based on Katrina survivors’ narratives: the non-fiction graphic novel A.D.: New Orleans After the Deluge, by Josh Neufeld. In the print version and an earlier webcomic of A.D., the rhetorical and artistic choices of the author reinforce stereotypes, especially of African Americans. In the comments feature of the webcomic, survivors are able to negotiate the terms of their stories’ production; because the webcomic is serial and public, audiences are privy to this dialogue, meaning narrators’ negotiations are built into the circulation and reception of the text. However, the print version does not include the web commentary. This chapter raises similar questions as those posed by Charles Briggs: “Why do some narratives become authoritative? Why are statements that challenge them erased from public discourse?” (2005:272). In A.D., Katrina survivors’ challenging statements are erased from the eventual print publication of the text.
Not Written in Stone: Tenth-Anniversary Commemorations of Katrina
Authors: Horigan Kate Parker
Published: January 2020

This chapter focuses on material and customary responses to Katrina, and examines how they tend to oversimplify complex narratives of suffering and recovery. Specifically, the author reflects on ethnographic fieldwork conducted during the 10th anniversary of Katrina (in 2015), and observes how memorials, commemorative events, and everyday activities express multiple modes of remembering Katrina. This multiplicity was not exhibited in official discourse regarding the 10th anniversary, which stuck with a single campaign message of “Resilient New Orleans.” Vernacular commemoration illustrates that people affected by disaster are already engaged in negotiating how that disaster gets remembered, and it is important to listen to those negotiations and not erase them from public representations and discourse.
Conclusion
Authors: Horigan Kate Parker
Published: January 2020

This chapter explains how continuing “recontextualizations” (Briggs 2005:273) of Katrina survivors’ stories reveal the dialogic nature of personal narratives made public, and explores applications for the framework of public disaster. When personal narratives are adapted to uphold dominant narratives, they let audiences off the hook in terms of ethical obligations to the survivors whose stories they consume. This chapter argues that instead, when texts emerge from extensive interviews with real people—mirroring ethnographic research and methods—then they ought to also include the turn that ethnography has taken to the reflexive, the reciprocal, and the dialogic. Ultimately, survivors’ challenges to their own generalized representations should be incorporated into the discourses of disaster, especially because as the case of Katrina has demonstrated, those discourses have a great deal to do with response, memory, and recovery.
Shanghai in the 1920s–1930s: The Joint Was Jumpin’
Authors: Marlow Eugene
Published: January 2020

The Western perspective of mainland China as a country dominated by a harsh, paranoid, and obsessive-compulsive leadership has not been without some merit. Movies and television programs have tended to perpetuate a somewhat distorted, one-sided view of China as a culture devoid of “fun.” Certainly, the people of mainland China under Mao Zedong and his followers experienced decades of cultural squalor. This chapter shows that prior to Mao's ascent to power in 1949 there is clear evidence that China, especially in coastal cities such as Shanghai and Peking (now Beijing), were “jumpin” with music, especially jazz.
First a Trickle, Then a Flood: Jazz Musicians Perform in China from All Over
Authors: Marlow Eugene
Published: January 2020

This chapter discusses the arrival of foreign jazz musicians in China. Mao's demise in 1976, which led to the reemergence of China as part of the world community in the last quarter of the twentieth century, together with the influence of electronic and transportation technologies in the second half of the twentieth century, had a direct impact on the rejuvenation of jazz in China, especially in Shanghai and Beijing. It provided opportunities for jazz musicians from all over the world to perform in China. The locus of this activity, at least in the beginning, was Shanghai and the opportunity fell to African American bassist and horn player Willie Ruff.
The Queen of Burlesque
Authors: Knopf Christina M.
Published: January 2020

Bomb Queen is a satire of politics and pop culture, with the media and the comic industry itself as frequent targets. Its self-referential nature has led Roy T. Cook to call Bomb Queen a “metacomic.” Inspired by rhetorician Aaron Hess’s critique of political satire, this essay analyzes the use of parody and irony in Bomb Queen. This essay argues that Bomb Queen’s approach both criticizes and perpetuates the gendered politics of the comic book industry and the superhero genre.
Rule 63
Authors: McGunnigle Christopher
Published: January 2020

Genderswapped characters are rarely a canonical part of a company’s intellectual property, but rather a concoction of fan creativity. However, as Rule 63 made its way around the internet, variations in its wording showed a bias in the adage’s primacy of gender. The male character and his female genderswapped version is shown to be the rule while female to male genderswapping is an often-missing corollary. Such a gendered hegemony is present not only online but also in general fan culture. This chapter interrogates the processes that underpin this and also investigates the nature of cosplay through ethnography.
The Evolution of Female Readership
Authors: Hanley Tim
Published: January 2020

The comic book industry is currently experiencing a renaissance of female readers across all genres, including superhero books. By every conceivable metric, women have engaged in superhero fandom in ever-increasing levels over the past decade. However, historical demographic breakdowns for the readership of superhero comics are essentially non-existent. There is one way to construct our own data, however. In the early 1960s, letter columns became a regular feature in superhero comic books, and remained a constant in the genre through the 1990s. This chapter uses letters pages as a way of estimating the level of, and investigating the nature of, female readership of superhero comics.
The Gwenaissance
Authors: Gianola Gabriel , Coleman Janine
Published: January 2020

Gwen Stacy, who first appeared in Amazing Spider-Man #31 (1965),soon became Peter Parker’s perfect girlfriend—attractive, kind, smart, and completely devoted to him. June 1973 saw the death of this “idealized 1960s ingénue” in an especially tragic and controversial manner—by a “‘snap’heard ‘round the comic book world.” This blow to both Marvel’s fictional denizens and its readers culminated in fans, creators, and scholars dubbing “The Night Gwen Stacy Died” as the “coda of the Silver Age” of comics. Four decades later, women, both as consumers and creators, have become a more visibly and vocally significant force in the world of comics. Itis a force that is demanding representation as fully-formed heroes, villains, and supporting characters. The historical progression of Gwen Stacy from 1965 to the present is curiously emblematic of the parallel revolution of fictional women in comic book universes and real women reading and creating those comic books.
The Sociology of Religion and Catholic Desegregation in the South
Authors: Newman Mark
Published: January 2020

The Catholic Church’s episcopal polity often did not ensure that statements issued by the hierarchy against racial discrimination and segregation were implemented, or implemented effectually, at the diocesan or parish level. Many of the factors that inhibited evangelical southern white Protestant denominations from taking action, or stronger action, against segregation also influenced Catholic prelates and clergy in the South, sometimes considerably. The privatization of religion and an emphasis on personal regeneration, bureaucratic concerns and decentralized polities that allowed ordinaries to run their dioceses as they saw fit acted as inhibiting factors that limited the adoption and enactment of desegregation.
African American Catholics in the South and Desegregation, 1945–1970
Authors: Newman Mark
Published: January 2020

Recollections from former students often present a positive appreciation of black Catholic schools primarily for their educational quality but also, in many cases, for their emphasis on self-worth and also, occasionally, on black culture and heritage. African American Catholics valued black schools and churches as religious and community institutions. Prelates generally sought to achieve desegregation by closing or downgrading black Catholic institutions. African American Catholics differed in their response. While some black Catholics reluctantly accepted such action as a necessary price for desegregation, others opposed these measures, upset by the one-sided nature of Catholic desegregation and inspired by the rise of black con consciousness in the second half of the 1960s. Some disillusioned African Americans, especially younger Catholics, left the church.
Working with Physicians
Authors: Luke Jenny M.
Published: January 2020

Drilling down to the individual level, this chapter deals with the relationship between African American lay midwives and the physicians, who were usually white, upon whom they relied for medical support. Self-belief, a commitment to the women they served, and their adherence to the standardization of midwifery resulted in the lay midwives demanding medical assistance when required. Using what little anecdotal evidence available, the chapter provides examples of the mutual respect that existed between lay midwives and physicians, but also demonstrates the weakness of a care model heavily weighted in micro-level components but with little access to macro-level facilities and knowledge.
The Application of Nurse-Midwives
Authors: Luke Jenny M.
Published: January 2020

Once trained African American nurse-midwives joined with white nurse-midwives and this chapter describes the ways in which they were particularly effective in the improvement of maternal health. South Carolina’s midwifery institute is used to demonstrate the use of an interdisciplinary team that included nurse-midwives. At the helm of the impressive maternity care service was Dr. Hilla Sheriff and African American nurse-midwives, Maude Callen and Eugenia Broughton.
Books of the Dead
Authors: Lanzendörfer Tim
Published: January 2020

Much research has been done on the zombie, a critical figure of 21st century culture, but most of it has been devoted to visual media—especially films and TV. This book is the first monograph to engage the zombie as it appears in contemporary literature. It argues that the zombie is best read both as a formal feature, one that necessitates and enables certain things to happen in fiction, as well as a figure of possibility, one which is best read not symbolically in itself, but for the ideas about possible futures it makes possible. In six chapters, Books of the Dead reads key texts of zombie fiction, from Max Brooks’s World War Z through Colson Whitehead’s Zone One, touching on both so-called literary fiction, genre fiction, comics, and short fiction. It addresses zombie fiction’s capacity to speak about contemporary concerns such as community or better political futures, on race, and on gender, but also argues for the importance of the zombie to contemporary literature as such.
The Postracial, Postcapitalist Zombie
Authors: Lanzendörfer Tim
Published: January 2020

The final chapter of the book discusses the question of race in contemporary zombie fiction. Departing from the observation that many zombie fiction texts insist that the zombie apocalypse will do away with race as a marker of difference, it reads two recent texts against this oft-used trope. Arguing against much recent criticism, it posits that Zone One is best read not as concerned with the history of racial oppression, but as concerned with the way capitalism constructs race as a category useful to it. It concludes by reading Díaz’s “Monstro” as a tale most instructive at the metalevel, for what it tells us about the zombie’s contemporary relation to Haiti on the pervasiveness of racial categories even outside a White-Black dichotomy. It also serves as a point for departure to the Coda, an investigation of the larger valences of zombie fiction.
“Come On, Let’s Get into Character”
Authors: Roche David
Published: January 2020

It explores some of the key anti-illusionist strategies deployed in the films: those that endow the films with theatricality through staging and performance. More than just an arsenal of reflexive decides, cinematic theatricality serves to frame the discourse on the aesthetics, ethics and politics of role-playing. The theatrum mundi metaphor underlying the films takes them well beyond the restrictions of Hollywood cinema; it both contributes to an underlying fantasy and game structure typical of metafiction in general, and asserts the relevance of fiction to reflect on the world, or rather on representations of the world.
“We Never Had a Prom”
Authors: Adams Natalie G. , Adams James H.
Published: January 2020

This chapter explores the world of proms, cheerleading, band, pep rallies, homecoming court, and student government, where the racial politics of the day had a direct impact on the lives of students. It analyzes how the micropolitics embedded in extracurricular activities both helped and impeded the loftier goal of reducing prejudice through social integration. For years, segregationists had warned about the dire consequences of “race mixing.” Indeed, the Citizens' Council built its campaign to preserve segregated public schools around predictions that integration of schools would bring about interracial friendships, dating, and marriage, thus the end of “racial integrity” and the dominance of the white race. Therefore, as schools began to desegregate in the late 1960s, at the forefront of everyone's minds was the issue of social integration among black and white students.
Greek Café Music 1
Authors: Morris Roderick Conway
Published: January 2020

Roderick Conway Morris penned a comprehensive review of the early development and interrelationship of the café aman and rebetika urban musical forms in "Greek Café Music." His detailed exposition on the development of such components as social context, instrumentation, musical composition and performance styles, accompanying dances and dancers, song themes, and commercial recordings takes us from origins in Asia Minor to elaborations in America. Of particular interest is his attention to café aman, about which relatively little has been written.
Communities Born in Song 1
Authors: Caraveli Anna
Published: January 2020

Long-time Baltimore resident Anna Caraveli not only unraveled the complex of social and musical forms and their meanings in the city’s Karpathian diaspora community, but she also journeyed multiple times to Olymbos, Karpathos—widely believed to be one of the most traditional villages remaining in Greece. There she documented the effect of the diaspora on the practice of their traditions. Although the pieces on which “Communities Born in Song” were based were published originally in 1985, her work remains an outstanding ethnographic study on transnational musical bonds.
Encountering Greek American Soundscapes
Authors: Shay Anthony
Published: January 2020

In “Encountering Greek American Soundscapes,” respected dance scholar and choreographer Anthony Shay investigates the context of Greek musical performances based on his experiences as a young folk dancer in California from the 1950s to 1970s. After first tracing immigration history and exploring the circumstances in which people listened to music, sang, played musical instruments, and danced in Greece, he then delineates the types of music in several different American contexts, as well as who plays or sings each genre and, who forms the audience. Among the contexts that he notes are church picnics, as well as Greek taverns and clubs such as Athenian Gardens and Greek Village.
Bouzoukis and Belly Dancers, Drinkers and Dreamers: A Look at Greek Nightlife at the Crossroads 1
Authors: Pappas Nick
Published: January 2020

Journalist Nick Pappas explores in detail the social and economic dimensions of Greek club and restaurant presentations in New York during the 1980s in “Bouzouki and Belly Dancers, Drinkers and Dreamers: A Look at Greek Nightlife at the Crossroads.” The author examines clubs like the Grecian Cave, which attract recent, working-class Greek immigrants. He contrasts them with more financially successful, upscale Greek supper clubs in Manhattan that appeal to celebrities and a more affluent clientele that largely non-Greek.He also profiles the men and women operating the clubs, who work with a product the component parts of which are Greek history, food, music, dance, hospitality, and other ephemeral qualities that give their product its appeal.
Pericles Halkias (1909–2005)
Authors: Stoynoff Jim
Published: January 2020

Pericles Halkias was a celebrated clarinet player from Epirus, who played in Athens tavernas from the 1930s to the 1950s. After settling in Astoria, NY in 1962, he became the most sought after Epirot clarinetist in New York.In the early 1980s, he formed the Halkias Family Orchestra, which played traditional music for Epirot events. He was awarded the National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship in 1985.
Sotirios (Sam) Chianis (b. 1926)
Authors: Bucuvalas Tina
Published: January 2020

Ethnomusicologist and musician Sotirios (Sam) Chianis is one of the foremost authorities on Greek folk music as well as an excellent performer on the santouri, the Greek version of thecimbalom.Chianis studied cimbalom with Spyros Stamos, and later played santouri on several recordings. Throughout his life, Chianis often has conducted field recording expeditions throughout Greece.
Gust J. (Dino) Pappas (1931–1999)
Authors: Frangos Stavros K.
Published: January 2020

From 1940 onwards, Greek American Dino Pappas passionately collected ethnic commercial records and in so doing, acquired encyclopedic knowledge about the complex musical traditions of Greece, the Balkans, the Ottoman Empire, and the eastern Mediterranean. With over 10,000 78 rpm records (and other musical formats), he amassed what many believed to have been the largest such collection of its. During the last three decades of his life, Pappas’s role transformed from record collector and music aficionado to public speaker, record producer, and, musical authority.
Trio Bel Canto and Takis Elenis (b. 1948)
Authors: Bucuvalas Tina
Published: January 2020

Performing Greek music for Greek and American audiences with polished vocal harmonies and strong musicianship, the Trio Bel Canto became arguably the most popular Greek American band of all-time.They were founded in 1948, in Greece, but relocated to the U.S. in 1966. Exceptional bouzouki player TakisElenis joined the band in 1971, further enhancing the Trio Bel Canto’s standing. Elenis left the group in 1986 to pursue solo interests.
Church Is Where “I Acquired My Singing Tactics”
Authors: Hobson Vic
Published: January 2020

This chapter explores the influence of singing in Mount Zion Baptist Church on Armstrong’s development as a musician.Although we do not know exactly what Armstrong sang at his church there are transcriptions of the singing in New Hope Baptist Church just across the Mississippi River in Gretna. The transcriptions reveal a similar blues influenced tonality to the street songs and barbershop cadences sung elsewhere in New Orleans. This chapter explores the pentatonic tendency of melody in African American song; whereas the supporting lines tend to contain chromatic intervals and give rise to chromatic harmony.
“When I Was at School, I Played All Classical Music”
Authors: Hobson Vic
Published: January 2020

This chapter explores Armstrong’s education in music at Abijah Fisk School. He learned music theory using the tonic sol-fa system that was taught in all New Orleans public schools. He sang songs from the Eleanor Smith Manual of Music (book 1). The program of music education in New Orleans was entirely vocal: there were no instrumental lessons. The music in the elementary years was sung in unison without part singing.
“My Brazilian Beauty”
Authors: Hobson Vic
Published: January 2020

This chapter explores Armstrong’s quartet’s theme song, “My Brazilian Beauty”: a tune that is based upon a cycle of fifths chord progression that would become known as the “ragtime progression.” The actual title of the song was “Down on the Amazon” (1903). The chord progression is based on a series of dominant-seventh chords. The relationship between these chords and the barbershop “super seventh,” nineteenth century romantic composition, and what theorists describe as “funnel tonality” is discussed.
“I Figure Singing and Playing Is the Same”
Authors: Hobson Vic
Published: January 2020

This chapter returns to the issue of the cycle of fifths progression, “My Brazilian Beauty” and tunes such as “Muskrat Ramble,” “Big Butter and Egg Man,” “Potato Head Blues,” and “Basin Street Blues” and the relationship between Armstrong’s vocal practices and his cornet playing showing the direct translation of note choices from voice to cornet.The question that this book raises is what are the implications of this research for jazz performance pedagogy? How can we develop a research informed way to learn to play jazz?
Peningkatan Kesadaran Pelajar dengan Edukasi Konservasi Lingkungan Hidup di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Kesehatan Kharisma
Authors: Effendi Bahtiar
Published: January 2020

The students’ concern can be influenced by awareness factors from early to treat the living environment. The participation in the conservation of environment program has implemented in the school, it is the urgency for sustainability who useful for students’ skills in the job area for the future. The student of participation can be important factors to grow an empathy of the environment. This condition of environment more awful has influenced exploitation activity conducted by factories. This research aims to know the influence of the education of conservation living environment program to increase students’ awareness in the Kharisma vocational high school, Tanggerang. The research uses a quantitative-experiment method with the analysis of pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. The result is showing the Chi-square score 74,171 (p<0,0001), the context is identification that the education of environmental conservation program for sustainable livelihood can be increasingly of students’ awareness.Kepedulian siswa dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor kesadaran sejak dini untuk merawat lingkungan sekitar. Partisipasi dalam konservasi lingkungan yang diimplementasikan di lingkungan sekolah merupakan urgensi kelestarian yang berguna bagi siswa di dunia pekerjaan. Partisipasi siswa dalam tersebut menjadi faktor terpenting untuk menumbuhkan rasa empati terhadap lingkungan. Kondisi lingkungan saat ini semakin memburuk akibat kegiatan eksploitasi yang dilakukan oleh banyak perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh edukasi program konservasi lingkungan hidup dalam meningatkan kesadaran siswa di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Kesehatan Kharisma Tanggerang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif-eksperimen dengan menguji pretest, posttest, dan follow up. Hasil analisis menunjukkan skor Chi-square sebesar 74,171 (p<.0001) mengindikasikan bahwa edukasi program konservasi lingkungan hidup terbukti dapat meningkatkan kesadaran siswa.