bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of Cuproptosis-Related Genes in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Wu Chutian , Liu Xiongxiu , Zhong Lixian , Zhou Yun , Long Linjing , Yi Tingzhuang , Chen Sisi , Li Yuting , Chen Yanfang , Shen Lianli , Zeng Qiuting , Tang Shaohui
Published: February 2023

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent hepatic pathology worldwide. However, the precise molecular mechanisms for NAFLD are still not sufficiently explained. Recently, a new mode of cell death (cuproptosis) is found. However, the relationship between NAFLD and cuproptosis remains unclear. We analyzed three public datasets (GSE89632, GSE130970, and GSE135251) to identify cuproptosis-related genes stably expressed in NAFLD. Then, we performed a series of bioinformatics analyses to explore the relationship between NAFLD and cuproptosis-related genes. Finally, 6 high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced NAFLD C57BL/6J mouse models were established to carry out transcriptome analysis. The results of gene set variation analysis (GSVA) revealed that the cuproptosis pathway was abnormally activated to a certain degree (

p
=
0.035

in GSE89632,

p
=
0.016

in GSE130970,

p
=
0.22

in GSE135251), and the principal component analysis (PCA) of the cuproptosis-related genes showed that the NAFLD group separated from the control group, with the first two principal components accounting for 58.63%-74.88% of the variation. Among three datasets, two cuproptosis-related genes (DLD and PDHB,

p
<
0.01

or 0.001) were stably upregulated in NAFLD. Additionally, both DLD (

AUC
=
0.786
–
0.856

) and PDHB (

AUC
=
0.771
–
0.836

) had favorable diagnostic properties, and the multivariate logistics regression model further improved the diagnostic properties (

AUC
=
0.839
–
0.889

). NADH, flavin adenine dinucleotide, and glycine targeted DLD, and pyruvic acid and NADH targeted PDHB in the DrugBank database. The DLD and PDHB were also associated with clinical pathology, especially with steatosis (DLD,

p
=
0.0013
–
0.025

; PDHB,

p
=
0.002
–
0.0026

) and NAFLD activity score (DLD,

p
=
0.004
–
0.02

; PDHB,

p
=
0.003
–
0.031

). What is more, DLD and PDHB were correlated with stromal score (DLD,

R
=
0.38

,

p
<
0.001

; PDHB,

R
=
0.31

,

p
<
0.001

) and immune score (DLD,

R
=
0.26

,

p
<
0.001

; PDHB,

R
=
0.27

,

p
<
0.001

) in NAFLD. Furthermore, Dld and Pdhb were also significantly upregulated in the NAFLD mouse model. In conclusion, cuproptosis pathways, especially DLD and PDHB, could be potential candidate genes for NAFLD diagnostic and therapeutic options.
Design of Personalized News Recommendation System Based on an Improved User Collaborative Filtering Algorithm
Authors: Wang Xuejiao , Liu Chao
Published: February 2023

To solve the problem of information overload in the field of news, this paper designs and implements a feasible news recommendation system, where the front-end web page is made by Django framework, whose performance is optimized by bootstrap and jquery, while in the back-end design, the original user similarity calculation method is improved by adding the time attenuation factor, and a news recommendation model based on user collaborative filtering (CF) algorithm is proposed. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves highest recall, accuracy, and F1 score ratio compared with other algorithms, which indicate that the proposed algorithm has better performance.
The Effect of Preoperative Tamsulosin on Ureteral Navigation, Operation, and Safety: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Cheng Chao , Ma Yucheng , Wen Jun , Xiang Liyuan , Jin Xi
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Urolithiasis is one of the most common diseases in the world, and at present, ureteroscopy (URS) is the first choice for its treatment. Although the effect is good, there is a risk of insertion failure of ureteroscope. Tamsulosin, as an α-receptor blocker, has the function of relaxing ureteral muscles, and can help stones to be discharged from ureteral orifice. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of preoperative tamsulosin on ureteral navigation, operation, and safety. Methods: This study was conducted and reported according to the meta-analysis extension of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The PubMed and Embase databases were searched for studies. Data were extracted according to the PRISMA principles. We collected and combined randomized controlled trial and researches in reviews of preoperative tamsulosin to explore the effect of preoperative tamsulosin on ureteral navigation, operation, and safety. A data synthesis was performed using RevMan 5.4.1 software (Cochrane). Heterogeneity was mainly evaluated with I2 tests. Key metrics include: success rate of ureteral navigation, time of URS, stone-free rate, and postoperative symptoms. Result: We summarized and analyzed 6 studies. We noted a statistically significant improvement in the success rate of ureteral navigation (Mantel-Haenszel [M-H], odds ratio [OR]: 3.78, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [2.34, 6.12], p < 0.01) and stone-free rate (M-H, OR: 2.25, 95% CI: [1.16, 4.36], p = 0.02) with tamsulosin preoperatively. At the same time, we also observed that postoperative fever (M-H, OR: 0.37, 95% CI: [0.16, 0.89], p = 0.03) and postoperative analgesia (M-H, OR: 0.21, 95% CI: [0.05, 0.92], p = 0.04) were also reduced because of preoperative tamsulosin. Conclusion: Preoperative tamsulosin can not only increase the one-time success rate of ureteral navigation and the stone-free rate of URS but also reduce the incidence of postoperative adverse symptoms such as postoperative fever and postoperative pain.
Predicting Complexity in Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumours: External Validation and Modification of the Bladder Complexity Score
Authors: Grüne Britta , Kowalewski Karl-Friedrich , Weiß Christel , Neuberger Manuel , Nientiedt Malin , Wenk Maren Juliane , Hartung Friedrich Otto , Kriegmair Maximilian Christian , Waldbillig Frank
Published: February 2023

Introduction: First external validation of the Bladder Complexity Score (BCS) for predicting complex transurethral resection of bladder tumours (TURBT). Methods: For BCS calculation, TURBTs performed at our institution between January 2018 and December 2019 were reviewed for the presence of preoperative characteristics listed in the Bladder Complexity Checklist (BCC). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was used for BCS validation. To establish a modified BCS (mBCS) with maximum area under the curve (AUC), multivariable logistic regression (MLR) analysis was performed with all BCC-characteristics for different definitions of complex TURBT. Results: 723 TURBTs were included in statistical analyses. Cohort’s mean BCS was 11.2 ± 2.4 points (range: 5.5–22 points). In ROC analysis, BCS could not predict complex TURBT (AUC 0.573 [95% CI: 0.517–0.628]). MLR identified tumour size (OR 2.662, p < 0.001), and tumour number > 10 (OR 6.390, p = 0.032) as sole predictors for the modified endpoint of complex TURBT defined as a procedure meeting > 1 criterion: incomplete resection, surgery > 1 h, intraoperative complication, postoperative complications Clavien-Dindo ≥ III. mBCS increased the prediction to an AUC of 0.770 (95% CI: 0.667–0.874). Conclusion: In this first external validation, BCS remained an insufficient predictor of complex TURBT. mBCS requires reduced parameters, is more predictive and easier to apply in clinical practice.
Tumorpatienten mit mediastinaler Lymphadenopathie: Bronchoskopie und Rebiopsie mittels EBUS-TBNA zur Sicherheit und Optimierung der Patientenversorgung
Authors: Wagner Manfred
Published: February 2023

Background: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration is a minimally invasive and effective sampling approach for patients with mediastinal or hilar lymphadenopathy. Increased recognition of the ultrasonographic features revealed the value of its images in predicting mediastinal lymph node malignancy. However, its diagnostic validity and the predictive value of its ultrasonographic features have not been demonstrated well in patients after systemic anti-tumor therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in patients with suspicious lymph nodes after anti-tumor therapy. Method: We retrospectively reviewed cases of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration performed between January 2019 and August 2021 at a single tertiary hospital center. Patients with suspected mediastinal or hilar lymph nodes within 5 years of systemic anti-tumor therapy were enrolled. Final diagnoses were determined by pathologic diagnoses of samples from transbronchial needle aspiration, surgery, or follow-up for at least 6 months. Ultrasonographic features were analyzed to assess the predictive value of malignant lymph nodes after treatment. Results: Overall, 168 lymph nodes of 138 patients were analyzed. Among 110 (65.5%) malignant lymph nodes, 75 originated from lung cancers; the other 35 were from other malignancies. No complications related to endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration were observed. Of 58 negative results of transbronchial needle aspiration, 51 were proven to be true negatives; 7 were false. The overall sensitivity and the negative predictive value were 94.02% and 87.93%, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed the absence of central hilar structure and short axis > 10 mm as independent predictive factors for malignancy. Conclusions: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration performs satisfactorily in diagnosing mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy even after anti-tumor treatment.
Outcomes of Combined Heart and Kidney Transplantation Under the New Heart Allocation Policy: A United Organ Network for Organ Sharing Database Analysis
Authors: Ohira Suguru , Okumura Kenji , Pan Stephen , Dhand Abhay , Levine Elliot , De La Pena Corazon B. , Nishida Seigo , Spielvogel David , Kai Masashi
Published: February 2023

Background:

The impact of the new heart allocation policy, which prioritizes acutely ill patients on temporary mechanical circulatory support and provides broader sharing of donor organs, on patient and graft survival in combined heart and kidney transplantation (HKT) is unknown.

Methods:

In the United Network for Organ Sharing data, patients were divided in groups before and after the policy change (OLD, January 1, 2015 to October 17, 2018, N=533; and NEW, October 18, 2018 to December 31, 2020, N=370). Propensity score matching was performed utilizing recipient characteristics (283 pairs). The median follow-up was 1099 days.

Results:

The annual volume of HKT increased approximately 2-fold during this period (N=117 in 2015 and N=237 in 2020), predominantly among patients not on hemodialysis at time of transplantation. Ischemic times for heart (OLD, 2.94 versus NEW, 3.37 hours;
P
<0.001) and kidney grafts (14.1 versus 16.0 hours;
P
<0.001) were longer under the new policy, as was the travel distance (47 versus 183 miles;
P
<0.001). In the matched cohort, 1-year overall survival (OLD, 91.1% versus NEW, 84.8%;
P
<0.001), and freedom from heart and kidney graft failure rate were worse under the new policy. Patients not on hemodialysis at time of HKT demonstrated worse survival and a higher risk of kidney graft failure under the new policy compared with the old policy. In multivariate Cox proportional-hazards analysis, the new policy was associated with an increased risk of mortality (hazard ratio, 1.81;
P
=0.007), and graft failure among HKT recipients (heart, hazard ratio, 1.81;
P
=0.007; and kidney, hazard ratio, 1.83;
P
=0.002).

Conclusions:

The new heart allocation policy was associated with worse overall survival and decreased freedom from heart and kidney graft failure in HKT recipients.
Adversarial Neural Collaborative Filtering with Embedding Dimension Correlations
Authors: Gao Yi , Chen Jianxia , Xiao Liang , Wang Hongyang , Pan Liwei , Wen Xuan , Ye Zhiwei , Wu Xinyun
Published: February 2023

Recently, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved excellent performance for the recommendation system by extracting deep features and building collaborative filtering models. However, CNNs have been verified susceptible to adversarial examples. This is because adversarial samples are subtle non-random disturbances, which indicates that machine learning models produce incorrect outputs. Therefore, we propose a novel model of Adversarial Neural Collaborative Filtering with Embedding Dimension Correlations, named ANCF in short, to address the adversarial problem of CNN-based recommendation system. In particular, the proposed ANCF model adopts the matrix factorization to train the adversarial personalized ranking in the prediction layer. This is because matrix factorization supposes that the linear interaction of the latent factors, which are captured between the user and the item, can describe the observable feedback, thus the proposed ANCF model can learn more complicated representation of their latent factors to improve the performance of recommendation. In addition, the ANCF model utilizes the outer product instead of the inner product or concatenation to learn explicitly pairwise embedding dimensional correlations and obtain the interaction map from which CNNs can utilize its strengths to learn high-order correlations. As a result, the proposed ANCF model can improve the robustness performance by the adversarial personalized ranking, and obtain more information by encoding correlations between different embedding layers. Experimental results carried out on three public datasets demonstrate that the ANCF model outperforms other existing recommendation models.
Leveraging Continuous Prompt for Few-Shot Named Entity Recognition in Electric Power Domain with Meta-Learning
Authors: Yu Yang , He Wei , Kang Yu-meng , Ji You-lang
Published: February 2023

Conventional named entity recognition methods usually assume that the model can be trained with sufficient annotated data to obtain good recognition results. However, in Chinese named entity recognition in the electric power domain, existing methods still face the challenges of lack of annotated data and new entities of unseen types. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a meta-learning-based continuous cue adjustment method. A generative pre-trained language model is used so that it does not change its own model structure when dealing with new entity types. To guide the pre-trained model to make full use of its own latent knowledge, a vector of learnable parameters is set as a cue to compensate for the lack of training data. In order to further improve the model's few-shot learning capability, a meta-learning strategy is used to train the model. Experimental results show that the proposed approach achieves the best results in a few-shot electric Chinese power named entity recognition dataset compared to several traditional named entity approaches.
Therapeutic effect and mechanism of silver nanowires on radiation pneumonitis by inhibiting the excessive inflammatory response of epithelial cells
Authors: Chen Jiawei , Zhang Shuai , Zhou Liya , Huang Xiaopeng
Published: February 2023

Three new silver nanowire (Ag NW) samples with different diameters and lengths were synthesized by the polyol synthesis method. The diameter and length of Ag NWs1–3with high yield and purity were regulated by changing the amount of Fe3+ions at 140 °C, producing new synthesized methods in designing and obtaining Ag NWs with desired size and morphology. Samples Ag NWs1–3were fully characterized by scanning electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction. ELISA was further conducted to measure the release of TNF-αand TGF-β1 from epithelial cells after Ag NWs1–3treatment. Then, real time RT-PCR was performed, and the activation of AMPK signaling pathway in epithelial cells was evaluated.
Effect of GluN2C knockdown and overexpression using magnetic nano-gene carriers on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Zhang Jin , Liu Yan , Li Zhenyu , Wang Tiandong , Zhang Yu
Published: February 2023

To investigate the effects of the GluN2C subunit on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, we fabricated magnetic nano-gene vectors to inhibit and overexpress GluN2C in rat hippocampal neurons. The present study comprised six experimental groups: normal control (Control); oxygen and
glucose deprivation withreoxygenation (OGD/R); Glu2NC si-RNA knockdown (si-RNA); GluN2C si-RNA knockdown and oxygen-glucose deprivation with reoxygenation (si-RNA+OGD/R); GluN2C overexpression (GluN2C); and GluN2C overexpression and oxygen-glucose deprivation with reoxygenation (GluN2C+OGD/R).
Cells were then cultured for 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h under standard conditions. GluN2C expression was detected by Western blotting. Cell activity was determined using MTT assays. Apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. GluN2C protein levels in the GluN2C and GluN2C+OGD/R groups increased with
reoxygenation time. GluN2C protein levels were significantly higher in the GluN2C group compared to the GluN2C+OGD/R group at all measured timepoints. No differences in GluN2C protein levels were observed between the other four experimental groups at any timepoint. After 6 h of reoxygenation,
neuronal activity in the si-RNA+OGD/R group was significantly higher than in the GluN2C+OGD/R group (0.451±0.006 vs. 0.419±0.005; P <0.05). Compared to the OGD/R group, neuronal activity was higher in the si-RNA+OGD/R group and lower in the GluN2C+OGD/R group after
12 h and 24 h of reoxygenation. Neuronal activity was significantly higher in the si-RNA+OGD/R group compared to the GluN2C+OGD/R group. Compared to the OGD/R group, the rate of neuronal apoptosis was lower in the si-RNA+OGD/R group and higher in the GluN2C+OGD/R group increased. The rate
of neuronal apoptosis rate was significantly lower in the si-RNA+OGD/R group compared to the GluN2C+OGD/R group at 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h after reoxygenation. The findings of the present study demonstrate the role of the GluN2C subunit in nerve injury during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Subtropical Impact on the Tropical Double-ITCZ Bias in the GFDL CM2.1 Model
Authors: Liu Tianying , Liu Zhengyu , Zhao Yuchu , Zhang Shaoqing
Published: February 2023

The double–intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) bias has been an outstanding problem among climate models for two decades. However, it remains unclear how much of this tropical bias is attributed to the extratropics and tropics itself, respectively. Applying the regional data assimilation (RDA) method, we follow up a previous study with a more advanced model of GFDL CM2.1 to quantify the influence of extratropical atmosphere on the double-ITCZ bias. Our study reveals that this tropical bias is influenced to a large extent by the extratropics between 20° and 30°, with little impact from the extratropics poleward of 30°. This vital role of subtropics in the double-ITCZ bias is likely determined by the meridional extent of Hadley circulation from zonal-mean perspective. Besides, the vital role of subtropics is also supported by wind–evaporation–SST feedback in the subtropical southeastern Pacific from a regional perspective.
Investigating the Role of Shrub Height and Topography in Snow Accumulation on Low-Arctic Tundra using UAV-Borne Lidar
Authors: Lamare Maxim , Domine Florent , Revuelto Jesús , Pelletier Maude , Arnaud Laurent , Picard Ghislain
Published: February 2023

Expanding shrubs in the Arctic trap blowing snow, increasing snow height and accelerating permafrost warming. Topography also affects snow height as snow accumulates in hollows. The respective roles of topography and erect vegetation in snow accumulation were investigated using a UAV-borne lidar at two nearby contrasted sites in northern Quebec, Canada. The North site featured tall vegetation up to 2.5 m high, moderate snow height, and smooth topography. The South site featured lower vegetation, greater snow height, and rougher topography. There was little correlation between topography and vegetation height at both sites. Vegetation lower than snow height had very little effect on snow height. When vegetation protruded above the snow, snow height was well correlated with vegetation height. The topographic position index (TPI) was well correlated with snow height when it was not masked by the effect of protruding vegetation. The North site with taller vegetation therefore showed a good correlation between vegetation height and snow height, R2 = 0.37, versus R2 = 0.04 at the South site. Regarding topography, the reverse was observed between TPI and snow height, with R2 = 0.29 at the North site and R2 = 0.67 at the South site. The combination of vegetation height and TPI improved the prediction of snow height at the North site (R2 = 0.59) but not at the South site because vegetation height has little influence there. Vegetation was therefore the main factor determining snow height when it protruded above the snow. When it did not protrude, snow height was mostly determined by topography.

Significance Statement

Wind-induced snow drifting is a major snow redistribution process in the Arctic. Shrubs trap drifting snow, and drifting snow accumulates in hollows. Determining the respective roles of both these processes in snow accumulation is required to predict permafrost temperature and its emission of greenhouse gases, because thicker snow limits permafrost winter cooling. Using a UAV-borne lidar, we have determined snow height distribution over two contrasted sites in the Canadian low Arctic, with varied vegetation height and topography. When snow height exceeds vegetation height, topography is a good predictor of snow height, with negligible effect of buried vegetation. When vegetation protrudes above the snow, combining both topography and vegetation height is required for a good prediction of snow height.
Management of dystocia due to secondary uterine inertia in rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus): A case report
Authors: Yadav Vishal , Dholpuria Sandeep , Purohit Govind Narayan
Published: February 2023

In the present report a rabbit doe with dystocia due to uterine inertia was successfully managed medically by administration of oxytocin, calcium borogluconate and multivitamins, with delivery of three live kits.
Zoonotic urbanisation: multispecies urbanism and the rescaling of urban epidemiology
Authors: Gandy Matthew
Published: February 2023

A focus on zoonotic urbanisation challenges existing conceptions of global urbanism. In this article I consider how a modified urban political ecology framework might help to illuminate emerging landscapes of epidemiological risk. I show how a multi-scalar perspective on urban epidemiology, including the impact of colonialism, global capitalism, and changing relations with non-human others, unsettles existing analytical approaches. I contrast resilience-oriented public health paradigms, focused on the malleability of nature, with a historically grounded set of insights into global environmental change. I suggest that the conceptual field of zoonotic urbanisation provides an analytical entry point for understanding an emergent ‘triple crisis’ spanning climate change, biodiversity loss, and global health threats.
Urban informal economy and vulnerabilities of domestic waste-pickers: A case of Chandigarh, India
Authors: Singh Kulwinder , Singla Naresh , Sharma Manjit , Singh Jatinder
Published: February 2023

In urban informal economies, waste-pickers increasingly face threat to their livelihoods due to the rapid emergence of formal systems of waste collection and lack of adequate public policies for their welfare. In this context, the study explores livelihood conditions of domestic waste-pickers and their occupational and educational mobility in Chandigarh, which is often referred as one of most well-planned cities of India. Using a semi-structured schedule, a field-based survey of the waste-pickers brings out that waste-pickers are the migrant workers from adjoining states and work as waste-pickers mainly due to non-availability of alternative employment opportunities. Employment in waste-picking is characterized by informal service charge fixation purely through interaction between house-owners and waste-pickers, where their low bargaining power leads to a surprisingly low level of income with significant variations due to gender. Child labour, even though disguised, also tends to exist. The study reveals unsafe working conditions, awful health conditions and unpleasant living conditions of the waste-pickers along with trivial upward educational mobility and no upward occupational mobility. The analysis presents a classic case of failure of both market and state in delivering optimum economic welfare to waste-pickers even in case of well-planned and highly urbanized city such as Chandigarh of India and demands immediate public policy intervention.
Islet-1 Is Differentially Expressed Among Neuroendocrine and Non-Neuroendocrine Tumors and Its Potential Diagnostic Implication
Authors: Xiang Yan , Malik Faizan , Zhang Paul J.
Published: February 2023

Islet-1 (ISL1) plays key roles in programming the epigenome and facilitating the recruitment of additional regulatory factors. Although it has been used as a marker for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs), ISL1 reactivity in other tumor types are critically missing. ISL1 immunohistochemistry was performed on 147 neuroendocrine tumors (NET) originated in pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, lung, thyroid, parathyroid, pituitary, adrenal medulla, head/neck, genitourinary tract, and skin; and 110 non-neuroendocrine tumors originated in the pancreas, thymus, lung, thyroid, mesothelium, adrenal cortex, stomach, breast, head/neck, skin, and kidney. ISL1 nuclear staining was observed in normal thymic epithelium, pancreatic islets, adrenal medulla, and pituitary gland cells as well as frequently in tumors of these origins: pancreatic NET (78%), paraganglioma/pheochromocytoma (100%), thymoma (82%), and pituitary NET (50%). ISL1 was also variably expressed in certain non-pancreatic NET such as Merkel cell carcinoma (100%), medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (100%), head/neck NEC (80%), genitourinary NEC (71%), lung small cell carcinoma (46%), lung carcinoids (17%), lower intestinal tract NET (93%) but not in upper gastrointestinal tract NET nor parathyroid adenoma. For other non-NETs, focal ISL1 expression was less frequently detected in gastric adenocarcinoma (40%), mesothelioma (29%), adrenal cortical carcinoma (17%), and squamous carcinoma (24%), but not in others tested. ISL1 is not a pan-NE marker as it is consistently lacking in upper gastrointestinal NET and parathyroid adenoma. It is also differentially expressed in thymoma. ISL1 immunohistochemnistry could help to differentiate PanNET and lower intestinal NET from upper gastrointestinal NET and be used as a marker for thymoma.
On the banks of the Pilcomayo River: Wichí fishery in the age of motorcycles
Authors: Preci Alberto
Published: February 2023

In just a few years motorcycles had become an irreplaceable object for the daily life of Indigenous people in the Gran Chaco region. In spite of their pervasiveness, there are still many aspects to this current dissemination that remain to be unraveled. This paper explores the ways in which motorcycles have been incorporated into Indigenous material culture and the ways they are reshaping Indigenous perceptions and relations with the local environment. Starting from the machines and their uses is a way to not confine Indigenous people to a position as victims of modernity, but rather to recognize their proactive role in the ongoing reproduction and transformation of their cultural world. For this purpose, I take the example of the Wichí fishery to see how this cultural practice is changing as fishermen adopt motorcycles as means of transport. I investigate this practice and its transformations based on ethnographic fieldworks carried out with several communities settled on the banks of the Pilcomayo River, as well as readings of the ethnological literature which contains detailed descriptions of this practice. By tracing its past and ongoing transformations, I show how the hold and spatial organization of Wichí fishery has evolved as motorcycles spread to the whole Pilcomayo area. Their adoption redefines fishermen perceptions and relations with the surrounding environment, which is now understood from a new mechanized and motorized perspective of capitalization and exploitation. Indeed, while motorcycles allow them to integrate into the market, they further promote market penetration on Indigenous lands. At the same time, I demonstrate how motorcycles allow fishermen to overcome the inconveniences of an intractable river and new infrastructures that hinder fishing practices, as well as to bypass the attempts to privatize the riverbanks. In a way, the fishermen are more resilient to these sudden changes thanks to motorcycles.
Safety and Efficacy of Carbon Nanoparticle-Labeled Lymph Node Dissection in Radical Resection of Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhu Chenglou , Wang Junhong , Wu Qiong , Da Mingxu
Published: February 2023

Objective: In this meta-analysis, we investigated the safety and efficacy of carbon nanoparticle (CNP) trace-guided lymph node (LN) dissection during radical gastrectomy. Methods: Literature on CNP tracing compared with non-CNP tracing in radical gastric cancer (GC) surgery was searched from PubMed, EMBASE (Ovid platform), Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from the establishment of the library until October 2022. This meta-analysis was performed according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guidelines. Available data regarding the number of LNs dissected, number of metastatic LNs dissected, other surgical outcomes, and postoperative complications were analyzed in a pooled manner. Stata software (version 12.0) was used for the present meta-analysis. Results: This analysis included 7 studies with a total of 1827 GC patients (551 and 1276 in the CNP and non-CNP groups, respectively). The results of the meta-analysis showed that the CNP group had more intraoperative LNs detected [weighted mean difference (WMD) = 6.67, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.71–9.62], more LN metastases (WMD = 1.60, 95% CI: 0.09-3.12), and less intraoperative bleeding (WMD = 11.33, 95% CI: 6.30-16.37) than the non-CNP group, all with statistically significant differences ( P < .05). For postoperative complications (odds ratio [OR] = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.52-1.48) and operative time (WMD = −11.60, 95% CI: −40.53-17.34), there was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups ( P > 0.05). Conclusions: CNP was a significant tracer for the LNs of GC. It increased the number of LNs harvested while reducing intraoperative blood loss, without increasing the operative time or postoperative complications. CNP tracer-guided lymphadenectomy is considered safe and effective for gastrectomy.
The association of severe COVID anxiety with poor social functioning, quality of life, and protective behaviours among adults in United Kingdom: a cross-sectional study
Authors: King Jacob D. , McQuaid Aisling , Leeson Verity C. , Samuel Oluwaseun , Grant Josiah , Imran Azeem Muhamad Saad , Barnicot Kirsten , Crawford Mike J.
Published: February 2023

Background

Anxiety about COVID-19 is common. For most people this is an appropriate response to the loss of livelihoods and loved-ones, disruptions to social networks, and uncertainty about the future. However, for others these anxieties relate to contracting the virus itself, a phenomenon termed COVID anxiety. Little is known about the characteristics of people with severe COVID anxiety or the impact it has on their daily lives.

Methods

We conducted a two-phase cross-sectional survey of people aged 18 or over who were living in United Kingdom, self-identified as anxious about COVID-19, and had a score of ≥9 on the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. We recruited participants nationally through online adverts and locally via primary care services in London. Data on demographic and clinical factors were used in multiple regression modelling to examine the greatest contributors to functional impairment, poor health-related quality of life and protective behaviours in this sample of individuals with severe COVID anxiety.

Results

We recruited 306 people with severe COVID anxiety between January and September 2021. Most were female (n = 246, 81.2%); they had a median age of 41 (range = 18–83). The majority of participants also had generalised anxiety (n = 270, 91.5%), depression (n = 247, 85.5%), and a quarter (n = 79, 26.3%) reported a physical health condition which put them at increased risk of hospitalisation with COVID-19. Half had severe social dysfunction (n = 151, 52.4%). One in ten reported never leaving their home, one in three washed all items brought into their house, one in five washed their hands constantly, and one in five of those with children reported not sending them to school because of fears of COVID-19. Increasing co-morbid depressive symptoms best explained functional impairment and poor quality of life after controlling for other factors.

Conclusions

This study highlights the high degree of co-occuring mental health problems, and the extent of functional impairment and poor health-related quality of life among people with severe COVID anxiety. Further research is needed to establish the course of severe COVID anxiety as the pandemic progresses, and steps that can be taken to support people who experience this distress.
Sex differences in residual somatic symptoms in patients with first-episode depression after acute-phase treatment
Authors: Shi Jingjing , Wang Xiaohong , Zhao Na , Kang Chuanyi , Yang Liying , Zheng Yue , Liu Jiacheng , Feng Lei , Zhu Xuequan , Ma Caina , Wu Wenyuan , Wang Gang , Hu Jian
Published: February 2023

Background

Residual somatic symptoms (RSS) are common in depressed patients, predicting treatment effectiveness. However, sex differences in RSS have received little systematic study. This study was conducted to compare sex differences of RSS in patients with first-episode depression (FED).

Methods

Nine hundred eighty-two patients with FED were selected and treated for 8 to 12 weeks. We evaluated the subjects' socio-demographic characteristics and residual depressive symptoms. Using the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15) scale to assess residual somatic symptoms, the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) for the assessment of patients' function, the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF) for quality of life.

Results

The incidence of RSS with FED was 46.4%. For patients with residual symptoms, the age and age of onset in females were higher than males, but males had more years of education than females. The degree of "stomach pain" in females was more severe than in males, while "trouble sleeping" in males was more severe than that in females. Multiple regression analysis showed that the total Q-LES-Q-SF score was an independent influencing factor of RSS in both males and females, while the total SDS score only affected female RSS.

Conclusions

The prevalence of RSS in FED after acute-phase treatment is high. The symptom of "stomachache" is more pronounced in females, while "trouble sleeping" is more severe in males. Quality of life plays an essential role in RSS in both genders. Thus, sex needs to be considered when assessing the relationship between RSS and therapeutic effect in depression.
Long term outcome of surgical treatment of chondroblastoma: analysis of local control and growth plate/articular cartilage related complications
Authors: Muratori Francesco , Scanferla Roberto , Roselli Giuliana , Frenos Filippo , Campanacci Domenico Andrea
Published: February 2023

Background

Chondroblastoma (CBL) is a rare benign chondroid producing bone tumor that typically occurs in epiphysis or apophysis of growing children and young adults. Intralesional curettage is the treatment of choice, while resection is required in selected cases, even though the use of minimally invasive ablation techniques has been advocated. Authors reviewed a series of 75 CBLs with the aim of assess risk factors for local recurrence, the growth plate related complications after epiphyseal curettage and the risk of arthritis of the adjacent joint after epiphyseal curettage.

Methods

We retrospectively review 69 CBLs treated with intralesional curettage and 6 treated with resection from March 1995 to February 2020. The median age was 18.8 years (7 to 42, median 16). The site was proximal humerus in 18 cases, proximal tibia in 17, distal femur in 16, talus in 6, femur’s head in 4, calcaneus in 3, acromion in 3, trochanteric region in 2, distal tibia in 2, patella in 2, supracetabular region in 1 and distal humerus in 1 patient.

Results

Mean follow-up was 124.2 months (24 to 322, median 116). Among patients treated with curettage, 7.3% of local recurrence was observed and 12 (17.4%) patients developed osteoarthritis of the adjacent joint. Five patients (7.3%) presented limb length discrepancy of the operated limb ranging from 0.5 to 2 cm. Recurrence free survival rate was 94.2% at 5 and 91.6% at 10 years. A mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) of 29.3 points (20 to 30, median 30) was observed.

Conclusion

More than 90% of CBLs were successfully treated with aggressive curettage but segmental resection is required in selected cases. In a relatively small proportion of cases long term complications can occur due to growth plate damage or osteoarthritis.

Trial Registration

Retrospectively registered.
An autophagy-related long non-coding RNA signature in tongue squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ren Yinting , Da Junlong , Ren Junyu , Song Ye , Han Jingying
Published: February 2023

Background

Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is the most common oral cancer with a poor prognosis. At present, there is not any systematic study on autophagy-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) to predict the survival of patients with TSCC.

Material and methods

In this research, the cohort of TSCC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that ten lncRNAs related to autophagy AC010326.3, AL160006.1, AL122010.1, AC139530.1, AC092747.4, AL139287.1, MIR503HG, AC009318.2, LINC01711, and LINC02560 are significantly correlated with prognosis. Based on these lncRNAs, a prognostic signature was established. This signature has an AUC value of 0.782, which accurately distinguishes patients of TSCC into high-risk and low-risk groups in different clinical hierarchical information (such as gender, age, etc.).

Results

The clinical nomogram with autophagy-related lncRNA prognostic characteristics has a concordance index of 0.81, and accurately predicts the survival time at 1-year and 3-year of TSCC patients. Related functional enrichment results indicate that the pathways of the high-risk group are enriched on cancer and autophagy.

Conclusions

The autophagy-related lncRNA prognostic signature established in this study could accurately predict the prognosis of TSCC patients and may be a molecular biomarker and therapeutic target.
Colonization resistance is dispensable for segregation of oral and gut microbiota
Authors: Rashidi Armin , Koyama Motoko , Dey Neelendu , McLean Jeffrey S. , Hill Geoffrey R.
Published: February 2023

Background

The oral and colonic microbiota are distinct in healthy individuals. However, this distinction is diminished in common diseases such as colon cancer and inflammatory bowel disease, suggesting a potential pathogenic role for oral bacteria when ectopically colonized in the gut. A key mechanism for the segregation of oral and colonic microbiota niches is thought to be microbiota-mediated colonization resistance whereby the commensal gut microbiota outcompete and eliminate the ingested oral bacteria.

Methods

We tested this theory by analyzing exact amplicon sequence variants generated from concurrent fecal and oral samples from healthy volunteers exposed to a brief course of a single antibiotic (cohort 1), acute leukemia patients (cohort 2), and stem cell transplant recipients (cohort 3). Cohorts 2 and 3 represent extreme clinical scenarios with respect to antibiotic pressure and severity of gut microbiota injury.

Results

While mild antibiotic exposure in cohort 1 was not sufficient for colonization of any oral bacteria in the gut, even with extreme antibiotic pressure and severe gut microbiota disruptions in cohorts 2 and 3, only one oral species in each cohort colonized the gut.

Conclusions

Colonization resistance is dispensable for segregation of oral and colonic microbiota in humans. This finding implies that the presence of oral bacteria in the distal gut in diseases such as colon cancer and inflammatory bowel disease is not driven by impaired colonization resistance.
Relationship between red cell distribution width/albumin ratio and carotid plaque in different glucose metabolic states in patients with coronary heart disease: a RCSCD-TCM study in China
Authors: Huang Mengnan , Liu Fanfan , Li Zhu , Liu Yijia , Su Jinyu , Ma Mei , He Yuanyuan , Bu Huaien , Gao Shan , Wang Hongwu , Yu Chunquan
Published: February 2023

Background

Red cell distribution width/albumin ratio (RAR) is thought to be associated with the prognosis of a variety of diseases, including diabetes and heart failure. To date, no studies have focused on the relationship between RAR and carotid plaque in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).

Methods

A total of 10,267 patients with CHD were divided according to RAR quartiles (Q1: RAR ≤ 2.960; Q2: 2.960 < RAR ≤ 3.185; Q3: 3.185 < RAR < 3.441; Q4: RAR ≥ 3.441). Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between RAR and carotid plaques in CHD patients. The relationship between RAR and carotid plaques in according to sex, age and glucose regulation state groups were also assessed.

Results

Among the 10,267 participants, 75.43% had carotid plaques. After adjusting for confounding factors, RAR was found to be associated with carotid plaque formation (OR: 1.23; 95% CI 1.08–1.39). The risk of carotid plaque formation in the Q4 group was 1.24 times higher than that in the Q1 group. After multivariate adjustment, RAR was associated with the risk of carotid plaque in female (OR: 1.29; 95% CI 1.09–1.52). And the relationship between RAR and carotid plaques in patients younger than 60 years old (OR: 1.43; 95% CI 1.16–1.75) was stronger than that in those older than 60 years old (OR: 1.29; 95% CI 1.10–1.51). Under different glucose metabolism states, RAR had the highest correlation with the risk of carotid plaques in diabetes patients (OR: 1.28; 95% CI 1.04–1.58).

Conclusions

RAR was significantly related to carotid plaques in patients with CHD. In addition, the correlation between RAR and the incidence of carotid plaque in patients with CHD was higher in women and middle-aged and elderly patients. In patients with CHD and diabetes, the correlation between RAR and carotid plaque was higher.

Graphical Abstract
FLI1 regulates radiotherapy resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma through TIE1-mediated PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Chen Enni , Huang Jiajia , Chen Miao , Wu Jiawei , Ouyang Puyun , Wang Xiaonan , Shi Dingbo , Liu Zhiqiao , Zhu Wancui , Sun Haohui , Yang Shanshan , Zhang Baoyu , Deng Wuguo , Qiu Huijuan , Xie Fangyun
Published: February 2023

Background

Radiotherapy resistance is the main cause of treatment failure in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), which leads to poor prognosis. It is urgent to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying radiotherapy resistance.

Methods

RNA-seq analysis was applied to five paired progressive disease (PD) and complete response (CR) NPC tissues. Loss-and gain-of-function assays were used for oncogenic function of FLI1 both in vitro and in vivo. RNA-seq analysis, ChIP assays and dual luciferase reporter assays were performed to explore the interaction between FLI1 and TIE1. Gene expression with clinical information from tissue microarray of NPC were analyzed for associations between FLI1/TIE1 expression and NPC prognosis.

Results

FLI1 is a potential radiosensitivity regulator which was dramatically overexpressed in the patients with PD to radiotherapy compared to those with CR. FLI1 induced radiotherapy resistance and enhanced the ability of DNA damage repair in vitro, and promoted radiotherapy resistance in vivo. Mechanistic investigations showed that FLI1 upregulated the transcription of TIE1 by binding to its promoter, thus activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. A decrease in TIE1 expression restored radiosensitivity of NPC cells. Furthermore, NPC patients with high levels of FLI1 and TIE1 were correlated with poor prognosis.

Conclusion

Our study has revealed that FLI1 regulates radiotherapy resistance of NPC through TIE1-mediated PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, suggesting that targeting the FLI1/TIE1 signaling pathway could be a potential therapeutic strategy to enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy in NPC.
Differentiating fulminant EBV infection complicated by HLH from Lymphoma: report of a case and a brief literature review
Authors: Zehr Bradley , Brannock Kristina , Wyma Rebecca , Kahwash Samir B.
Published: February 2023

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection may present with fulminant constitutional symptoms, cytopenia(s), and systemic lymphadenopathy, raising clinical suspicion for lymphoma and prompting lymph node and bone marrow biopsies. At the microscopic level, the histopathologic findings in cases of acute EBV lymphadenitis may mimic certain lymphoid neoplasms, creating a range of differential diagnoses and diagnostic pitfalls.

We present a case of fulminant EBV infection in an adolescent whose clinical and radiographic findings led to lymph node and bone marrow biopsies to rule out lymphoma. One week after being diagnosed with acute EBV infection (infectious mononucleosis), a 17-year-old Caucasian male presented with worsening symptoms including persistent fever, progressive, painful lymphadenopathy, and splenomegaly. A peripheral blood smear showed lymphocytosis with many reactive lymphocytes, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Laboratory studies showed elevated ferritin, triglycerides, and soluble IL-2/CD25. A cervical lymph node biopsy demonstrated an EBV-positive, reactive B-immunoblast proliferation with large atypical lymphoid cells mimicking Reed-Sternberg cells of Hodgkin lymphoma, in addition to patchy vasculitis, coagulative necrosis, and prominent hemophagocytic activity. Bilateral bone marrow biopsies showed a hypercellular marrow with patchy infiltrates of similar EBV-positive, large atypical lymphoid cells, as well as prominent hemophagocytic activity. The diagnosis of acute EBV associated lymphoproliferation with concurrent hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) was rendered.

Recognition of common and uncommon clinical presentations of acute EBV infection is essential, particularly when histopathologic findings raise suspicion for a possible hematolymphoid neoplasm. Both the lymph node architectural and viral cytopathic changes observed in EBV lymphadenitis exhibit significant morphologic overlap with classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and several other lymphomas, including anaplastic large cell lymphoma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, and angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma. Recognition of immunohistochemical staining patterns in EBV lymphadenitis is critical to avoid misdiagnosis. Conversely, bona fide lymphoma, particularly cHL, can masquerade as EBV infection. We provide a concise discussion and tables of the histopathologic differential diagnosis of EBV lymphadenitis, including cHL and other lymphomas. Pathologists should include acute EBV infection within the differential diagnosis when confronted with clinical and pathologic findings concerning for lymphoma, particularly in adolescents and young adults.