bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immigrant Generation, Stress Exposure, and Substance Abuse among a South Florida Sample of Hispanic Young Adults
Authors: Salerno Stacy , Taylor John , Kilpatrick Quentin K.
Published: April 2019

Existing research finds that succeeding immigrant generations are at greater risk for mental health problems as well as higher levels of substance use. Previous studies have attempted to unpack the role of acculturation stress, discrimination, and other factors in these outcomes. Using data from a community-based sample of Miami-Dade County young adults, we use an empirically and theoretically precise measurement of generational status, allowing us to better understand the process of acculturation and adaptation experienced by each generation. Our results are consistent with theories on the relationship between exposure to social stress and substance use. We find that first-generation immigrants have less exposure to social stress and as a consequence are at a decreased risk for involvement in substance use compared to second- and third-generation immigrants, who report being exposed to higher levels of social stress and higher levels of substance use.
Computational study of unsteady couple stress magnetic nanofluid flow from a stretching sheet with Ohmic dissipation
Authors: Kumar Mahesh , Reddy G Janardhana , Kumar N Naresh , Bég O Anwar
Published: April 2019

To provide a deeper insight of the transport phenomena inherent to the manufacturing of magnetic nano-polymer materials, in the present work a mathematical model is developed for time-dependent hydromagnetic rheological nano-polymer boundary layer flow and heat transfer over a stretching sheet in the presence of a transverse static magnetic field. Joule heating (Ohmic dissipation) and viscous heating effects are included since these phenomena arise frequently in magnetic materials processing. Stokes’ couple stress model is deployed to simulate non-Newtonian microstructural characteristics. The Tiwari–Das nanoscale model is adopted which permits different nanoparticles to be simulated (in this article, both copper–water and aluminium oxide–water nanofluids are considered). Similarity transformations are utilized to convert the governing partial differential conservation equations into a system of coupled, non-linear ordinary differential equations with appropriate wall and free stream boundary conditions. The shooting technique is used to solve the reduced non-linear coupled ordinary differential boundary value problem via MATLAB symbolic software. Validation with published results from the literature is included for the special cases of non-dissipative and Newtonian nanofluid flows. Fluid velocity and temperature profiles for both copper and aluminium oxide (Al2O3) nanofluids are observed to be enhanced with greater non-Newtonian couple stress parameter and magnetic parameter, whereas the opposite trend is computed with greater values of unsteadiness parameter. The boundary layer flow is accelerated with increasing buoyancy parameter, elastic sheet stretching parameter and convection parameter. Temperatures are generally increased with greater couple stress rheological parameter and are consistently higher for the aluminium oxide nanoparticle case. Temperatures are also boosted with magnetic parameter and exhibit an overshoot near the wall when magnetic parameter exceeds unity (magnetic force exceeds viscous force). A decrease in temperatures is induced with increasing sheet stretching parameter. Increasing Eckert number elevates temperatures considerably. With greater nanoparticle volume fraction, both skin friction and Nusselt number are elevated, and copper nanoparticles achieve higher magnitudes than aluminium oxide.
Increased Skin Conductance Response in the Immediate Aftermath of Trauma Predicts PTSD Risk
Authors: Hinrichs Rebecca , van Rooij Sanne J. H. , Michopoulos Vasiliki , Schultebraucks Katharina , Winters Sterling , Maples-Keller Jessica , Rothbaum Alex O. , Stevens Jennifer S. , Galatzer-Levy Isaac , Rothbaum Barbara O. , Ressler Kerry J. , Jovanovic Tanja
Published: April 2019

Background

Exposure to a traumatic event leads to posttraumatic stress disorder in 10% to 20% of exposed individuals. Predictors of risk are needed to target early interventions to those who are most vulnerable. The objective of the study was to test whether a noninvasive mobile device that measures a physiological biomarker of autonomic nervous system activation could predict future posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms.

Methods

Skin conductance response was collected during a trauma interview in the emergency department within hours of exposure to trauma in 95 individuals. Trajectories of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms over 12-month posttrauma were identified using latent growth mixture modeling.

Results

Skin conductance response was significantly correlated with the probability of being in the chronic posttraumatic stress disorder trajectory following trauma exposure in the emergency department (r = 0.489, p < 0.000001). Lasso regression with elastic net was performed with demographic and clinical measures obtained in the emergency department, demonstrating that skin conductance response was the most significant predictor of the chronic posttraumatic stress disorder trajectory (p < 0.00001).

Conclusions

This study is the first prospective study of posttraumatic stress disorder showing skin conductance response in the immediate aftermath of trauma predicts subsequent development of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder. This finding points to an easily obtained, and neurobiologically informative, biomarker in emergency departments that can be disseminated to predict the development of posttraumatic stress disorder.
Mechanisms of action of ruxolitinib in murine models of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Albeituni Sabrin , Verbist Katherine C. , Tedrick Paige E. , Tillman Heather , Picarsic Jennifer , Bassett Rachel , Nichols Kim E.
Published: April 2019

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an often-fatal disorder characterized by the overactivation of T cells and macrophages that excessively produce proinflammatory cytokines, including interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Previously, we reported that the JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib dampens T-cell activation and lessens inflammation in a model of HLH in which perforin-deficient (Prf1−/−) mice are infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). Ruxolitinib inhibits signaling downstream of IFN-γ, as well as several other JAK-dependent cytokines. As a consequence, it remained unclear whether ruxolitinib was exerting its beneficial effects in HLH by inhibiting IFN-γ signaling or by targeting signaling initiated by other proinflammatory cytokines. To address this question, we compared the effects of ruxolitinib with those obtained using an IFN-γ–neutralizing antibody (αIFN-γ) in 2 murine HLH models. In both models, ruxolitinib and αIFN-γ reduced inflammation-associated anemia, indicating that ruxolitinib operates in an IFN-γ–dependent manner to reverse this HLH manifestation. In contrast, the number and activation status of T cells and neutrophils, as well as their infiltration into tissues, were significantly reduced following treatment with ruxolitinib, but they remained unchanged or were increased following treatment with αIFN-γ. Notably, despite discontinuation of ruxolitinib, LCMV-infected Prf1−/− mice exhibited enhanced survival compared with mice in which αIFN-γ was discontinued. This protective effect could be mimicked by transient treatment with αIFN-γ and a neutrophil-depleting antibody. Thus, ruxolitinib operates through IFN-γ–dependent and -independent mechanisms to dampen HLH by targeting the deleterious effects of T cells and neutrophils, with the latter representing an unappreciated and understudied cell type that contributes to HLH pathogenesis.
The promise of two-person neuroscience for developmental psychiatry: using interaction-based sociometrics to identify disorders of social interaction
Authors: Leong Victoria , Schilbach Leonhard
Published: April 2019

Social interactions are fundamental for human development, and disordered social interactions are pervasive in many psychiatric disorders. Recent advances in ‘two-person neuroscience’ have provided new tools for characterising social interactions. Accordingly, interaction-based ‘sociometrics’ hold great promise for developmental psychology and psychiatry, particularly in the early identification of social disorders.

Declaration of interest

None.
Functional characterisation of two Δ12-desaturases demonstrates targeted production of linoleic acid as pheromone precursor inNasonia
Authors: Semmelmann Florian , Kabeya Naoki , Malcicka Miriama , Bruckmann Astrid , Broschwitz Bastian , Straub Kristina , Merkl Rainer , Monroig Oscar , Sterner Reinhard , Ruther Joachim , Ellers Jacintha
Published: April 2019

Insect pheromones are often derived from fatty acid metabolism. Fatty acid desaturases, enzymes introducing double bonds into fatty acids, are crucial for the biosynthesis of these chemical signals. Δ12-desaturases catalyse the biosynthesis of linoleic acid by introducing a second double bond into oleic acid, but have been identified in only few animal species. Here we report the functional characterisation of two Δ12- desaturases, Nvit_D12a and Nvit_D12b, from the parasitic wasp Nasonia vitripennis (Walker). We demonstrate that Nvit_D12a is expressed in the rectal vesicle of males where they produce a linoleic acid-derived sex pheromone to attract virgin females. 13C-labelling experiments with Urolepis rufipes (Ashmead), a closely related species belonging to the so-called “Nasonia-group”, revealed that females but not males are able to synthesise linoleic acid. U. rufipes males produce an isoprenoid sex pheromone in the same gland and do not depend on linoleic acid for pheromone production. This suggests that Δ12-desaturases, while common in the “Nasonia group”, acquired a specialised function in chemical communication of those species that use linoleic acid as a pheromone precursor. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that insect Δ12-desaturases have evolved repeatedly from Δ9-desaturases in different insect taxa. Hence, insects have developed a way to produce linoleic acid independent of the “Omega”-desaturase subfamily which harbours the eukaryotic Δ12-desaturases known so far.
Quantification of contrast agent materials using a new image- domain multi material decomposition algorithm based on dual energy CT
Authors: Mirzaei Fazel , Faghihi Reza
Published: April 2019

Objective:

Dual-Energy CT (DECT) is an imaging modality in which the objects are scanned by two different energy spectra. Using these two measurements, two type of materials can be separated and density image pairs can be generated as well. Decomposing more than two materials is necessary in both clinical and industrial CT applications.

Methods:

In our MMD, barycentric coordinates were chosen using an innovative local clustering method. Local clustering increases precision in the barycentric coordinates assignment by decreasing search domain. Therefore the algorithm can be run in parallel. For optimizing coordinates selection, a fast bi-directional Hausdorff distance measurement is used. To deal with the significant obstacle of noise, we used Doubly Local Wiener Filter Directional Window (DLWFDW) algorithm.

Results:

Briefly, the proposed algorithm separates blood and fat ROIs with errors of less than 2 and 9 % respectively on the clinical images. Also, the ability to decompose different materials with different concentrations is evaluated employing the phantom data. The highest accuracy obtained in separating different materials with different concentrations was 93 % (for calcium plaque) and 97.1 % (for iodine contrast agent) respectively. The obtained results discussed in detail in the following results section.

Conclusion:

In this study, we propose a new material decomposition algorithm. It improves the MMD work flow by employing tools which are easy to implement. Furthermore, in this study, an effort has been made to turn the MMD algorithm into a semi-automatic algorithm by employing clustering concept in material coordinate’s assignment. The performance of the proposed method is comparable to existing methods from qualitative and quantitative aspects.

Advances in knowledge:

All decomposition methods have their own specific problems. Image- domain decomposition also has barriers and problems, including the need for a predetermined table for the separation of different materials with specified coordinates. In the present study, it attempts to solve this problem by using clustering methods and relying on the intervals between different materials in the attenuation domain.
Outcome and safety of upper pole versus non-upper pole single puncture PCNL for staghorn stones: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gunawan Steven , Birowo Ponco , Rasyid Nur , Atmoko Widi
Published: April 2019

Background:Staghorn stones are mostly treated by percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), either with an upper-pole (UP) or non-upper (lower- or middle-) pole (NP) approach. NP access has a lower risk of bleeding and thoracic complications but may not be sufficient for complete stone clearance. UP access is advocated as the preferred approach, because of direct access to the collecting system. However, it is associated with a higher complications rate, including pneumothorax and hydrothorax, and a higher risk of bleeding. This meta-analysis aimed to describe the outcomes and safety of PCNL for staghorn stones using UP and NP approaches.

Methods:A systematic literature review was conducted using several databases such as: PubMed; EBSCO; Science Direct; Cochrane and Google Scholar. Data from all selected articles were extracted by two independent reviewers. Relevant parameters explored using Review Manager V5.3.

Results:Five comparative studies of staghorn stones involving 384 renal units were analyzed; 176 cases used the UP approach and 208 the NP approach. There was no significant difference in stone-free rate between these approaches, with 74.4% undergoing the UP approach and 71.1% the NP approach considered stone-free (OR: 1.55; 95% CI: 0.92-2.63; P=0.10). The rate of thoracic complications (hydrothorax and pneumothorax) did not differ significantly (OR: 3.14; 95% CI: 0.63-15.62; P=0.16). However, we noted that 5 of 176 patients that underwent the UP approach experienced thoracic complications. The incidence of post-procedural fever and sepsis is similar (OR: 1.18; 95% CI: 0.52-2.64; P=0.69). Neither post-procedural urine leakage (OR: 2.03; 95% CI: 0.70-5.85; P=0.19) nor requirement of blood transfusions (OR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.14-1.76; P=0.27) differed significantly.

Conclusion:PCNL with UP access for staghorn stone has a similar stone-free rate to the NP approach. Thoracic complication rate which was believed to be higher in the UP group is also deemed similar with NP access.
The Banzhaf Value and General Semivalues for Differentiable Mixed Games
Authors: Haimanko Ori
Published: April 2019

We consider semivalues on pM∞—a vector space of games with a continuum of players (among which there may be atoms) that possess a robust differentiability feature. We introduce the notion of a derivative semivalue on pM∞ and extend the standard Banzhaf value from the domain of finite games onto pM∞ as a certain particularly simple derivative semivalue. Our main result shows that any semivalue on pM∞ is a derivative semivalue. It is also shown that the Banzhaf value is the only semivalue on pM∞ that satisfies a version of the composition property of Owen and that, in addition, is nonzero for all nonzero monotonic finite games.
Multiunit Facility Location Games
Authors: Ben-Porat Omer , Tennenholtz Moshe
Published: April 2019

Facility location games have been a topic of major interest in economics, operations research, and computer science, starting from the seminal work by Hotelling [Hotelling H (1929) Stability in competition. Econom. J. 39(153):41–57]. In the classical pure location Hotelling game, businesses compete for maximizing customer attraction by strategically locating their facilities, assuming no price competition, and customers are attracted to their closest facilities. Surprisingly, very little rigorous work has been presented on multiunit facility location games, where the classical pure location Hotelling games are extended to contexts where each player is to locate several facilities. In this paper, we present two major contributions to the study of multiunit pure location Hotelling games. In the first part of this paper, we deal with the two-player multiunit setting and fully characterize its equilibria. In the second part of this paper, we deal with multiunit facility location games, with [Formula: see text] players; our main result in this part is the full characterization of the settings where pure strategy equilibria exist. Our results also extend classical results on necessary and sufficient conditions for a strategy profile to be in equilibrium in a pure location (single-unit) Hotelling game to multiunit pure location games.
Construcionalidade: uma proposta de aplicação sincrônica
Authors: Rosário Ivo Costa , Lopes Monclar Guimarães
Published: April 2019

Neste artigo, propomos uma abordagem sincrônica para o estudo da mudança linguística em perspectiva construcionista. Defendemos um modelo analítico com base nos pressupostos teóricos tanto da Construcionalização e das Mudanças Construcionais (TRAUGOTT e TROUSDALE, 2013) quanto dos estudos que versam sobre variação, gradiência e gramaticalidade (TRAUGOTT e TROUSDALE, 2010; ROSENBACH, 2010; AUTOR, 2016; PIETRANDREA, 2005; entre outros). A perspectiva da Construcionalização e das Mudanças Construcionais (TRAUGOTT e TROUSDALE, 2013), embora represente um modelo, ao mesmo tempo, funcionalista e cognitivista para a abordagem construcional em mudança linguística, volta-se exclusivamente para a investigação diacrônica, conforme sustentam os próprios autores. Nesse sentido, cunhamos o termo construcionalidade, uma categoria analítica que busca descrever a relações horizontais e três diferentes tipos de relações verticais entre construções no plano sincrônico. Sustentamos que essa abordagem preenche uma lacuna de cunho teórico nos estudos construcionistas, haja vista o grande número de pesquisas de caráter sincrônico em desenvolvimento em nosso país.
A contribuição do modelo da construcionalização e mudanças construcionais: reflexões em Português
Authors: Cezario Maria Maura , Sampaio Karen
Published: April 2019

Neste artigo, apresentaremos uma discussão acerca do modelo de estudo para as mudanças linguísticas denominado Construcionalização/mudanças construcionais proposto por Traugott e Trousdale (2013), explicitando como temos trabalhado com conceitos como construção, níveis da construção, mudanças construcionais, formação de novas construções, dentre outros. Tomaremos dois exemplos de pesquisas orientadas por nós, a pesquisa sobre usos da construção [Um monte de SN] e a pesquisas sobre usos de verbo com adjetivo adverbial ([VAA)]. Concebemos que a gramática é formada por uma rede de construções conectadas entre si e a formação de uma construção linguística se dá através da atuação de processos cognitivos do domínio geral em conjunto com a rotinização de certos usos devido sobretudo à frequência alta de certas combinações de elementos linguísticos. Mostraremos que, no português atual ,um monte é parte de uma construção [Um monte de SN] com valor quantitativo e que tem origem numa construção em que o sintagma preposional qualificava o substantivo monte; também ilustraremos a discussão com o caso da formação de expressões idiomáticas (construções lexicalizadas) criadas a partir da construção ´verbo mais adjetivo adverbial´.
Variação construcional por analogia: padrões construcionais de predicação verbal na voz passiva
Authors: Machado Vieira Marcia Dos Santos , Santos Júlia Lessa dos , Kropf Morgana Pinheiro Albuquerque
Published: April 2019

Este artigo versa sobre a temática do espaço da variação entre as generalizações da Gramática de Construções e sobre uma análise, sob olhar socioconstrucionista, de usos de padrões construcionais de predicação verbal na voz passiva. Objetiva apresentar argumentação em prol do estudo de variação linguística por similaridade e ilustrar variação de padrões construcionais de predicação verbal passiva (pronominal e analítica). Delineia-se com base em pressupostos da Linguística Funcional-Cognitiva, a qual se centra na experiência linguística. Em linhas gerais, colabora para a reflexão sobre a potencialidade de alinhamento funcional dos subesquemas construcionais e microconstruções independentes que chega a mapear, com base em metodologia de tratamento estatístico e descrição de dados de sentenças na voz passiva sintética e analítica. Revela três possibilidades de manifestação configuracional de predicação verbal a partir do subesquema construcional de passiva pronominal e quatro possibilidades de atualização configuracional de predicação verbal a partir do subesquema de passiva analítica.
Lyric approaches to songwriting in the classroom
Authors: Reinhert Kat
Published: April 2019

Songwriting involves an awareness of form, structure, rhythm, harmony, melody, accompaniment and arrangement. In songs containing words, these elements combine with the lyric to propel a song into existence. Geared towards secondary and college settings, this article offers that starting the songwriting process with lyric creation is an engaging alternative to starting with more harmonic- and melodic-based approaches. Group activities and teamwork can allow for a more broadly engaged class or ensemble, and has implications for parallel use in core academic areas such as English or writing. This article will discuss song structure and forms, prosody, limiting and the creative process, and explore three lyric-centred approaches to songwriting that can jump-start lyric and song creation in a solo, ensemble or classroom setting.
Lost in transcription? The songbook as mediator for the distribution of songs in a post-digital era
Authors: Marstal Henrik
Published: April 2019

Taking its departure in Beck’s rather unusual release Song Reader (2012), a collection of songs in the format of a sheet book rather than an album, the article investigates the concept of the songbook as mediator for the distribution of songs. This is done by the use of Kirkesangbogen (2017), an unauthorized supplement to the Danish Psalm Book, in which a great number of songwriters have contributed – among these Nikolaj Paakjær. The article documents how one of his songs, included in Kirkesangbogen, came into existence in dialogue with his supervisor at the Rhythmic Music Conservatory in Copenhagen, where Paakjær attended the songwriting bachelor programme. In doing so, the article points to a number of pros and cons of publishing songs in the format of sheet music instead of the format of the album.
Drug-Induced Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure in Asian Patients
Authors: Devarbhavi Harshad , Choudhury Ashok Kumar , Sharma Manoj Kumar , Maiwall Rakhi , Al Mahtab Mamun , Rahman Salimur , Chawla Yogesh K. , Dhiman Radha K. , Duseja Ajay , Taneja Sunil , Ning Qin , Jia Ji Dong , Duan Zhongping , Yu Chen , Eapen Chundamannil E. , Goel Ashish , Tan Soek Siam , Hamid Saeed Sadiq , Butt Amna Subhan , Jafri Wasim , Kim Dong Joon , Hu Jinhua , Sood Ajit , Midha Vandana , Shukla Akash , Ghazinian Hasmik , Sahu Manoj Kumar , Treeprasertsuk Sombat , Lee Guan Huei , Lim Seng Gee , Lesmana L.A. , Lesmana Cosmas Rinaldi , Shah Samir , Kalal Chetan , Abbas Zaigham , Sollano Jose D. , Prasad V.G. Mohan , Payawal Diana Alacantra , Dokmeci A. Kadir , Rao P. Nagaraja , Shrestha Ananta , Lau George K. , Yuen Man Fung , Saraswat Vivek A. , Shiha Gamal , Yokosuka Osamu , Kedarisetty Chandan Kumar , Jain Priyanka , Bhatia Puja , Sarin Shiv K. ,   for the APASL ACLF working party
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVES:

Acute insults from viruses, infections, or alcohol are established causes of decompensation leading to acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Information regarding drugs as triggers of ACLF is lacking. We examined data regarding drugs producing ACLF and analyzed clinical features, laboratory characteristics, outcome, and predictors of mortality in patients with drug-induced ACLF.

METHODS:

We identified drugs as precipitants of ACLF among prospective cohort of patients with ACLF from the Asian Pacific Association of Study of Liver (APASL) ACLF Research Consortium (AARC) database. Drugs were considered precipitants after exclusion of known causes together with a temporal association between exposure and decompensation. Outcome was defined as death from decompensation.

RESULTS:

Of the 3,132 patients with ACLF, drugs were implicated as a cause in 329 (10.5%, mean age 47 years, 65% men) and other nondrug causes in 2,803 (89.5%) (group B). Complementary and alternative medications (71.7%) were the commonest insult, followed by combination antituberculosis therapy drugs (27.3%). Alcoholic liver disease (28.6%), cryptogenic liver disease (25.5%), and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (16.7%) were common causes of underlying liver diseases. Patients with drug-induced ACLF had jaundice (100%), ascites (88%), encephalopathy (46.5%), high Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) (30.2), and Child-Turcotte-Pugh score (12.1). The overall 90-day mortality was higher in drug-induced (46.5%) than in non–drug-induced ACLF (38.8%) (P = 0.007). The Cox regression model identified arterial lactate (P < 0.001) and total bilirubin (P = 0.008) as predictors of mortality.

DISCUSSION:

Drugs are important identifiable causes of ACLF in Asia-Pacific countries, predominantly from complementary and alternative medications, followed by antituberculosis drugs. Encephalopathy, bilirubin, blood urea, lactate, and international normalized ratio (INR) predict mortality in drug-induced ACLF.
HONRA E PROBIDADE: sob um peso, sobre duas medidas
Authors: Borges Michelle Silva , Puga Vera Lúcia
Published: April 2019

ResumoMarcadas por aspectos da cultura que designam especificidades reconhecidas como de gênero, recaem sobre as mulheres um conjunto de enunciados que esquadrinham seus movimentos e as definem, em uma sociedade que delas demanda certos comportamentos para o cumprimento de uma norma. Como se essa norma fosse uma condição única, ou uma essência arquetípica suprimida e monitorada por interesses de um referente central, masculino, tais valores se imprimem também por meio da violência, que, por sua vez, oscila segundo diferentes camadas sociais e regimes de união conjugal. Palavras-chave: Gênero. Honra. Violência. HONOR AND PROBITY: under a weight, on two measures Abstract Marked by cultural aspects that presupposes gender specificities, women live among discourses and an interventionist framework that scans their movements and demand the fulfillment of a norm. As a suppressed archetypal essence monitored by a central male reference. which make use of violence, which, in turn, swings according to social layers and of the conjugal union regimes. Keywords: Gender. Honor. Violence.Â
COTAS ELEITORAIS: a participação das mulheres na política argentina e brasileira
Authors: Lopez Caetana Caceres , Braun Neto Francisco Alfredo , Delfini C. de Oliveira Ana Claudia
Published: April 2019

ResumoO objetivo deste artigo é analisar o sistema de cotas eleitorais para o aperfeiçoamento da democracia e a participação feminina nas cotas eleitorais no Brasil e na Argentina. As conclusões apontam para avanços políticos em prol da paridade de gênero e uma mudança gradativa nestes países, mas isso ainda não significa o alcance da igualdade de gênero. Palavras-chave: Gênero. Política. Cotas Eleitorais. Argentina. Brasil. ELECTION QUOTAS: the participation of women in Argentine and BrazilianÂ politicsAbstract The aim of this paper is to analyze the system of electoral quotas for the improvement of democracy and women's participation in the electoral quotas in Brazil and Argentina. The conclusions point to political progress towards gender parity and a gradual change in these countries, but that still does not mean the reach of equality of gender.Keywords: Gender. Politics. Election Quotas. Argentina. Brazil.Â
Mulheres do campo e relações de gênero
Authors: Eugenio Benedito
Published: April 2019

O texto é uma resenha do livroÂ Mulheres do campo e aprendizagens culturais de gênero.
A mulher na literatura luso-brasileira: vozes e ventos na representação e identidade da mulher
Authors: Azevedo Natanael Duarte , RAMIRES Vicentina Maria
Published: April 2019

ResumoO texto dialoga com dois personagens singulares da história da literatura luso-brasileira, levantando questões sobre o lugar da mulher nesse contexto social, com base na bibliografia da Marquesa de Alorna e na personagem Maria Monforte, da obra "Os Maias" (Eça de Queirós), a partir da representação da mulher brasileira, para iniciarmos nosso diálogo entre essas duas representações do feminino na literatura portuguesa. Como aporte teórico, utilizamos Bakhtin (2003), para a nossa análise, que é direcionada para a construção de sentido pelos signos carregados de valor (vida e morte), tendo como fio condutor a sensualidade do feminino na produção de sentido. Palavras-chave: Literatura Luso-Brasileira. Mulher e Literatura. Representação.Â Abstract The text aims to dialog with two unique characters of Luso-Brazilian literature, Marchioness of Alorna, and the character Mary Monforte, in the book "The Mayas", by Eça de Queirós, considering Brazilian women's representation. As a theoretical framework, we will use the Bakhtin/Voloshinov's work, which provides the means to trace the dialogue proposed for analysis. The analysis is directed to the construction of meaning by signs such as life and death, guided by female sensuality in the production of meaning from the listed works (Sonnets, by Marchioness of Alorna; The Mayas, by Eça de Queirós). Key words: Luso-Brazilian literature. Women and literature. Representation. IdentityÂ
Dos projetos literários dos "homens de letras" á€ literatura combativa das "mulheres de letrasâ€: imprensa, literatura e gênero no brasil de fins do século XIX
Authors: Silva Laila T. Correa e
Published: April 2019

Resumo Neste artigo pretendo analisar o cenário literário carioca no momento de transição entre a Monarquia e a República, a partir da problematização do fato de que até agora a maioria dos estudos nos campos da sociologia, história cultural ou história social apenas exploram a atuação literária e política dos "homens de letrasâ€, especialmente durante esse período. Proponho, portanto, uma leitura que conecta homens e mulheres de letras, centrando em Machado de Assis, Arthur Azevedo, Ignez Sabino, Maria Benedicta Cá‚mara Bormann [Délia] e Josephina AÌlvares de Azevedo, atuantes na imprensa feminina e na de grande circulação na Corte Imperial dos anos 1880 e na Capital Federal dos anos 1890. A imprensa é aqui compreendida como o campo no qual se estabeleceu uma rede de contatos entre esses homens e mulheres. A literatura produzida no espaço dos jornais do Rio de Janeiro promove a possibilidade da investigação dos significados de projetos políticos e literários de cunho democrático de agentes históricos, homens e, principalmente, de mulheres, que pretendiam pensar de modo crítico e propositivo o papel da literatura numa sociedade recém- egressa da escravidão e da Monarquia. Palavras- chave: Imprensa Brasileira de Fins do Século XIX. Gé‚nero. Transição do Império para República.Abstract In this article I intend to analyze the national literary scene in the moment of transition between the Monarchy and the Republic, from the problematization of the fact that until now most of the studies in the fields of sociology, cultural history or social history only explore the literary and political action of "men of letters", especially during this period. I propose, therefore, a reading that connects men and women of letters, focusing on Machado de Assis, Arthur Azevedo, Ignez Sabino, Maria Benedicta Cá‚mara Bormann [Délia] and Josephina AÌlvares de Azevedo, who are active in the women's press and in circulation in the Court Imperial in the 1880s and in the Capital Federal of the 1890s.Â The press is understood here as the field in which a network of contacts has been established between these men and women. The literature produced in space of Rio de Janeiro newspapers promotes the possibility of investigating the meanings of political and literary projects of a democratic nature of historical agents, both men and women, who intend to rethink in a critical and propositive way the role of literature in a newly- after slavery and the Monarchy.Key-words: Brazilian press at the end of the 19th century; Genre; Transition from the Monarchy to the Republic.Â
Da laqueadura tubária á€ reprodução assistida: gênero e direitos reprodutivos
Authors: Nogueira Batista de Abreu Cristiane de Cassia
Published: April 2019

Resumo Este trabalho tece algumas considerações acerca da alta prevalé‚ncia de esterilização cirúrgica feminina, a chamada laqueadura tubária, no Brasil e os impactos oriundos desse procedimento, que é utilizado como meio de contracepção. A busca de mulheres e casais pela reversão da técnica traduz-se na utilização da reprodução assistida para formar nova prole. Palavras-chave: Esterilização Cirúrgica Feminina. Reprodução Assistida. Infertilidade. Gé‚nero.Abstract This paper presents some considerations about the high prevalence of female surgical sterilization, called tubal ligation, in Brazil and the impacts of this procedure, which is used as a means of contraception. The search for women and couples for the reversal of the technique translates into the use of assisted reproduction to form new offspring. Keywords: Female Surgical Sterilization. Assisted Reproduction. Infertility. Gender.Â
Mulheres e romances, gêneros perigosos: ideias oitocentistas sobre leitoras e autoras de romances no Reino Unido
Authors: Franciscon Taís
Published: April 2019

ResumoO presente artigo explora a relação entre mulheres e romances, um tema bastante discutido ao longo dos séculos XVIII e XIX no Reino Unido em artigos de jornais, prefácios de obras literárias e resenhas críticas especializadas. Apresentarei alguns desses textos com o intuito de demonstrar como ideias sobre leitoras e autoras de romances foram constituídas no período, além de apresentar dados provenientes de histórias literárias feministas.Palavras-chave:Â Século XIX. Reino Unido. Romance. Autoria Feminina. História da Leitura.Women and prose, a dangerous gender and a dangerous genre: 19th century ideas on female readers and female writers in the United KingdomAbstract This article explores the relationship between women and novels, a theme that was intensely discussed in newspaper articles, preface to literary works and critical reviews throughout the 18th and 19th centuries in the United Kingdom. I will present some of these texts in order to demonstrate how ideas of women readers and women authors were constituted in the period, and present some data about this subject from feminist historiographies.Keywords: 19th Century. United Kingdom. Novel. Women Writing. Book History.Â
Vulnerabilidades e marginalização no mundo do trabalho da prostituição
Authors: Elias Ana Rosa Ribeiro , Junqueira Marcelle Aparecida de Barros , Noronha Isabel Cristiane de , Pereira Janaína , Giuliani Carla Denari , Ferreira Maria Cristina de Moura
Published: April 2019

Resumo

 Este texto aponta diferentes compreensões da atividade de prostituição no contexto social e analisa esse tema enquanto atividade laboral inserida no mundo do trabalho. Nesse sentido, discute as intersecções dessa atividade junto a Política Nacional da Saúde do Trabalhador e da Trabalhadora, bem como as vulnerabilidades e riscos laborais implicadas nesse contexto.

Palavras-chave: Prostituição; Saúde do Trabalhador; Riscos Ocupacionais
Direitos sociais e assistência social
Authors: Soares Mayra Ferreira , Mathis Adriana De Azevedo
Published: April 2019

RESUMO

O presente artigo tem como objeto de estudo as demandas de direitos humanos sociais apresentadas pelas famílias no âmbito da Assistência Social no município de Parauapebas/Pa. Identifica-se que na perspectiva da garantia de direitos o retrato da família acaba sendo centralizado na figura da mulher, a qual carrega inúmeras responsabilidades para além do seio familiar, pois, as situações de violação de direitos onde crianças e adolescentes são as principais vítimas, posicionam-se como questões de foro intimo a família, ligadas principalmente ao papel da mulher no cuidado e na proteção de seus entes.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Família. Direitos Humanos. Direitos Sociais. Assistência Social. Parauapebas.
Development of a Full Mission Simulator for Pilot Training of Fighter Aircraft
Authors: BP Shashidhara , Sekaran Chandra , Bhatia Yashpal , Kumar Magesh , Kumar Binesh , Kumar Hemanth
Published: April 2019

With aircraft becoming more complex and avionics intensive and flight being almost autonomous based on waypoint navigation, software and displays becoming a significant component of the all glass cockpit of the modern day fighter aircraft, it is imperative that pilots are trained on missions using ground based full mission simulator (FMS) for routine flight as well as advanced missions. A flight simulator is as good as the real system only when it is able to mimic the physical system, both in terms of dynamics and layout so that the pilot gets the complete feel of the environment as encountered during actual sortie. The objective of this research paper is to provide a detailed insight into the various aspects of development of a FMS for pilot training with minimal maintenance operations for long hours of realistic flight training on ground. The approach followed by ADE in developing a FMS using a healthy mix of conventional flight simulation methodologies and novel approaches for various simulator sub-systems to tailor and meet the specific training needs, one presented. The FMS developed by ADE is presently being used by Indian Air Force for flight and mission critical training of squadron pilots.
Accuracy assessment of relative and precise point positioning online GPS processing services
Authors: El Shouny Ahmed , Miky Yehia
Published: April 2019

Over the last few years, several institutions, research centers, and organizations have developed different strategies for GPS data processing and analysis to obtain high accurate coordinates. They are taking into considerations overcoming restrictions and limitations such as necessity of using relative positioning, time consuming, and high cost of different processing software. One of these developed strategies is the web–based online GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) processing service which estimates coordinates with centimeter or decimeter level accuracy. This study aims to represent the most popular of these services, namely AUSPOS, OPUS, APPS, GAPS, Trimble RTX, and CSRS–PPP, also to perform in-between comparison of these services with respect to their achieved accuracy using field observations with different durations. The obtained results were compared with a real field data measured using traditional relative positioning technique with high accuracy standards. The set of data used in this study was performed in the Eastern zone in Egypt. The results of this comparison indicate that these services can be used as an alternative method for relative positioning technique due to their simplicity, cost-effective and saving in time. They saved about 75 % from the time required for traditional method to produce coordinate with reasonable accuracy. The maximum standard deviation obtained was 15.4 cm from APPS service with time less than two hours, while the minimum standard deviation was 0.07 cm and obtained from CSRS–PPP with time duration from 6 to 12 hours. For achieving more accurate results, it is recommended to use time duration more than two hours.
The semantics and functions of Anglicisms and Germanisms in present-day advertising written peninsular Spanish: a comparison
Authors: Díaz José Antonio Rodríguez
Published: April 2019

Advertising language in peninsular Spanish has been the subject of extensive study due to its innovative nature and richness of expression. Most attention has been paid to the communication processes involved, its linguistic functions, and its shortening communicative mechanisms at morphological, lexico-semantic and syntactic levels; however, the functions of English and German loanwords and the reasons for their remarkable productivity in advertising written texts have been addressed less frequently. Using data from a 200,000 word personally gathered linguistic corpus extending throughout the period 1998–2007, I focus on the reasons and factors that are responsible for the high productivity of these lexical Anglicisms and the noteworthiness of Germanisms in contemporary press advertising peninsular Spanish. The analysis here examines their semantic nature following a semantic typology adapted for the special tecnolect of advertising. Under discussion will be, among others, the main reasons which may account for the high productivity of loanwords in advertising language with special reference to several examples and a presentation of the results obtained comparing both Anglicisms and Germanisms regarding their semantic categorization and the corresponding considerations that derive from it.
Time is running out! Rapid range expansion of the invasive northern raccoon in central Italy
Authors: Boscherini Andrea , Mazza Giuseppe , Menchetti Mattia , Laurenzi Alessandro , Mori Emiliano
Published: April 2019

The northern raccoon, Procyon lotor (Linnaeus, 1758), is listed among the invasive alien species of European Union concern. Therefore, an updated monitoring of its distribution is required to design and address management actions. As to Italy, the raccoon has been reported with an established population only in northern regions. In this note, we report a new established raccoon population along the Apennine ridge in central Italy and we estimate the range expansion from 2015 to 2018 both through the minimum convex polygon (MCP) and the kernel estimates. Furthermore, we propose the management actions to limit negative impacts in the Foreste Casentinesi National Park and its surroundings.
Synthesis, structural characterization, and properties of Co(II) and Zn(II) complexes with a mixed N- and O-donor ligand
Authors: Kuai Hai-Wei , Hu Tao , Jiang Ding-Yun , Qian Yun-Hua
Published: April 2019

The hydrothermal reaction of Co(II) nitrate with 5-(pyridin-4-yl)isophthalic acid (H2L) yields a new complex [Co(L)(H2O)5] · 4(H2O) (1). When 4,4′-bipyridine (bpy) as auxiliary ligand and Zn(II) nitrate were used in the same reaction system, [Zn(L)(bpy)] · 0.5(DMF) · 0.5(H2O) (2) could be obtained. Complexes 1 and 2 have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and elemental and thermogravimetric analyses. Complex 1 displays a discrete mononuclear structure, whereas 2 exhibits a binodal (3,5)-connected twofold interpenetrated three-dimensional hms framework architecture with (63)(69,8) topology. The fluorescence properties of 2 were also investigated.
‘B’ for Brexit or for Belonging?
Authors: Georgiadou Lorena
Published: April 2019

In this article, I use my personal experience of being a UK-based EU national and researcher during ‘Brexit’ as a vehicle to explore how the ‘rise of the right’ may be affecting qualitative researchers, their practice, and the context in which their inquiry takes place. In particular, I explore the shift in my sense of belonging as a result of the Brexit vote and the impact that this has on my willingness to remain in Britain and on my research practice. I conceptualise ‘belonging’ as fluid and relational, and I highlight the central role that ‘welcoming the other’ can play in facilitating such processes. This then forms the foundation of my exploration of what I think we, as qualitative researchers, can do for our communities as a response to the recent political developments discussed in this special issue.
Becoming a Conscientious Objector
Authors: Price Mark
Published: April 2019

The United Kingdom's decision to leave the European Union, ‘Brexit’, continues to create ripples of concern and seeming political paralysis. Connecting emotionally to the process of ‘conscientious objection’ of previous generations provides inspiration for accepting embarrassment, taking a personal stance, and a making a renewed commitment to trusting our future to young people, including a continued commitment to the role of fostering criticality within academia.
Little Evidence of Antagonistic Selection in the Evolutionary Strata of Fungal Mating-Type Chromosomes (Microbotryum lychnidis-dioicae)
Authors: Bazzicalupo Anna Liza , Carpentier Fantin , Otto Sarah Perin , Giraud Tatiana
Published: April 2019

Recombination suppression on sex chromosomes often extends in a stepwise manner, generating evolutionary strata of differentiation between sex chromosomes. Sexual antagonism is a widely accepted explanation for evolutionary strata, postulating that sets of genes beneficial in only one sex are successively linked to the sex-determining locus. The anther-smut fungus Microbotryum lychnidis-dioicae has mating-type chromosomes with evolutionary strata, only some of which link mating-type genes. Male and female roles are non-existent in this fungus, but mating-type antagonistic selection can also generate evolutionary strata, although the life cycle of the fungus suggests it should be restricted to few traits. Here, we tested the hypothesis that mating-type antagonism may have triggered recombination suppression beyond mating-type genes in M. lychnidis-dioicae by searching for footprints of antagonistic selection in evolutionary strata not linking mating-type loci. We found that these evolutionary strata (i) were not enriched in genes upregulated in the haploid phase, where cells are of alternative mating types, (ii) carried no gene differentially expressed between mating types, and (iii) carried no genes displaying footprints of specialization in terms of protein sequences (dN/dS) between mating types after recommended filtering. Without filtering, eleven genes showed signs of positive selection in the strata not linking mating-type genes, which constituted an enrichment compared to autosomes, but their functions were not obviously involved in antagonistic selection. Thus, we found no strong evidence that antagonistic selection has contributed to extending recombination suppression beyond mating-type genes. Alternative hypotheses should therefore be explored to improve our understanding of the sex-related chromosome evolution.
Constructing Native Homosexuality in British India
Authors: Ruhnke Lauren
Published: April 2019

In this paper I will examine how British constructions and criminalization of Indian homosexuality that evolved within the discourse of the imperial project. I will situate my discussion in the late nineteenth century, during which British colonists introduced anti-sodomy statutes to the Indian colony and homosexuality was socially and legally reconsidered in ways without precedent in pre-colonial India. By considering how Indian homosexuality was constructed in this colonial moment, we will be able to better understand the methods by which Britain asserted their colonial authority in nineteenth century India. In order to prove my claim, I will consider previous scholarship that has analyzed British Orientalist representations of Indian homosexuality, trials and testimonies under the anti-sodomy statute, Section 377 of the Indian Penal code, and the political and historical context of the late nineteenth century colonial moment in British India. Drawing upon this scholarship, I argue that British constructions and criminalization of Indian homosexuality served to emphasize the difference between native subjects and British rulers. I demonstrate that by associating “perverse” and “criminal” homosexual identity with native subjects, British rulers accentuated the divide between the ruler and the ruled, thus reinforcing their racial and moral superiority and, in turn, their colonial authority.