bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a developmental hierarchy for breast cancer cells to assess risk-based patient selection for targeted treatment
Authors: Bliss Sarah A. , Paul Sunirmal , Pobiarzyn Piotr W. , Ayer Seda , Sinha Garima , Pant Saumya , Hilton Holly , Sharma Neha , Cunha Maria F. , Engelberth Daniel J. , Greco Steven J. , Bryan Margarette , Kucia Magdalena J. , Kakar Sham S. , Ratajczak Mariusz Z. , Rameshwar Pranela
Published: January 2018

This study proposes that a novel developmental hierarchy of breast cancer (BC) cells (BCCs) could predict treatment response and outcome. The continued challenge to treat BC requires stratification of BCCs into distinct subsets. This would provide insights on how BCCs evade treatment and adapt dormancy for decades. We selected three subsets, based on the relative expression of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 A (Oct4A) and then analysed each with Affymetrix gene chip. Oct4A is a stem cell gene and would separate subsets based on maturation. Data analyses and gene validation identified three membrane proteins, TMEM98, GPR64 and FAT4. BCCs from cell lines and blood from BC patients were analysed for these three membrane proteins by flow cytometry, along with known markers of cancer stem cells (CSCs), CD44, CD24 and Oct4, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) activity and telomere length. A novel working hierarchy of BCCs was established with the most immature subset as CSCs. This group was further subdivided into long- and short-term CSCs. Analyses of 20 post-treatment blood indicated that circulating CSCs and early BC progenitors may be associated with recurrence or early death. These results suggest that the novel hierarchy may predict treatment response and prognosis.
Trophic transfer and individual impact of nano-sized polystyrene in a four-species freshwater food chain
Authors: Chae Yooeun , Kim Dokyung , Kim Shin Woong , An Youn-Joo
Published: January 2018

This study investigated the trophic transfer, individual impact, and embryonic uptake of fluorescent nano-sized polystyrene plastics (nanoplastics) through direct exposure in a freshwater ecosystem, with a food chain containing four species. The alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, water flea Daphnia magna, secondary-consumer fish Oryzias sinensis, and end-consumer fish Zacco temminckii were used as test species. In the trophic transfer test, algae were exposed to 50 mg/L nanoplastics, defined as plastic particles <100 nm in diameter; higher trophic level organisms were exposed through their diet. In the direct exposure test, each species was directly exposed to nanoplastics. Microscopic analysis confirmed that the nanoplastics adhered to the surface of the primary producer and were present in the digestive organs of the higher trophic level species. Nanoplastics also negatively affected fish activity, as measured by distance traveled and area covered, and induced histopathological changes in the livers of fish that were directly exposed. Additionally, nanoplastics penetrated the embryo walls and were present in the yolk sac of hatched juveniles. These observations clearly show that nanoplastics are easily transferred through food chain, albeit because of high experimental dosages. Nevertheless, the results strongly point to the potential health risks of nanoplastic exposure.
Body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio for prediction of multiple metabolic risk factors in Chinese elderly population
Authors: Gu Zhan , Li Dong , He Huayu , Wang Jianying , Hu Xiaojuan , Zhang Peihua , Hong Yanlong , Liu Baocheng , Zhang Lei , Ji Guang
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this study was to compare the predictive ability of five obesity indices, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHpR) and body adiposity index (BAI), to predict multiple non-adipose metabolic risk factors, including elevated blood pressure (BP), elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG), elevated triglyceride (TG), reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), elevated serum uric acid (SUA) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), in an elderly Chinese population. A total of 5685 elderly Chinese subjects (≥60 years) were recruited into our community-based cross-sectional study. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses were used to compare the predictive ability as well as determine the optimal cut-off values of the obesity indices for multiple metabolic risk factors. According to the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), BMI, WC and WHtR were able to similarly predict high metabolic risk in males (0.698 vs. 0.691 vs. 0.688), while in females, BMI and WC were able to similarly predict high metabolic risk (0.676 vs. 0.669). The optimal cut-off values of BMI, WC and WHtR in males were, respectively, 24.12 kg/m2, 83.5 cm and 0.51, while in females, the values were 23.53 kg/m2 and 77.5 cm.
Evaluation of Brain Activity Using Near-infrared Spectroscopy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients
Authors: Fujiwara Tatsuo , Kono Soichi , Katakura Kyoko , Abe Kazumichi , Takahashi Atsushi , Gunji Naohiko , Yokokawa Aki , Kawashima Kazumasa , Suzuki Rieko , Wada Akira , Miura Itaru , Yabe Hirooki , Ohira Hiromasa
Published: January 2018

Depression is implicated as a risk factor for the recurrence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are useful tools for evaluation of brain activity and a depressive state, respectively. The aim of this study was to clarify the association between brain activity or depressive symptoms and IBD using NIRS and BDNF. This study included 36 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, 32 Crohn’s disease (CD) patients, and 17 healthy controls (HC). Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) scores were determined, NIRS was performed, and serum BDNF levels were measured in all subjects. NIRS showed that the mean oxygenated hemoglobin concentration was significantly lower in the frontal lobe in the UC group than in the HC group (HC 167 ± 106 vs. UC 83.1 ± 85.3, p < 0.05). No significant difference was seen between the HC and CD groups. There were also no significant differences in CED-D scores and BDNF levels among the groups. Changes in the NIRS values of the UC group may indicate decreased brain activity and a fundamental difference between UC and CD, which are often lumped together as two types of IBD.
Cryptic transmission of ST405 Escherichia coli carrying bla
NDM-4 in hospital
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxia , Feng Yu , Zhou Weilong , McNally Alan , Zong Zhiyong
Published: January 2018

Three carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli were recovered from rectal swabs of different patients in a tertiary hospital and were found carrying blaNDM-4, an uncommon blaNDM variant. Genome sequences of the isolates were obtained using Illumina technology and the long-read MinION sequencer. The isolates belonged to ST405 and phylogenetic group D, a globally distributed lineage associated with antimicrobial resistance. In addition to blaNDM-4, the three isolates carried 14 known resistance genes including the extended-spectrum β-lactamase gene blaCTX-M-15. There were only 1 or 2 SNPs between the isolates, suggesting a common origin and cryptic transmission in hospital. blaNDM-4 was located on a 46.5-kb IncFIA self-transmissible plasmid, which may facilitate further dissemination of blaNDM-4. Two copies of IS26 bracketed a 14.6-kb region containing blaNDM-4 and have the potential to form a composite transposon for mediating the mobilization of blaNDM-4.
NMR Spectroscopy of Urine
Authors: Slaff Barry , Sengupta Arjun , Weljie Aalim
Published: January 2018

NMR spectroscopy of urine is a fertile bioanalytical approach for a wide range of studies in areas such as toxicity, drug development, molecular epidemiology, disease diagnosis, and nutrition. In this chapter, technical concerns critical to the design and execution of urinary NMR experiments are explored. Beginning with the chemical characteristics of urinary NMR spectra, we discuss the history of urinary NMR metabolomics through studies of toxicity and its suitability as a platform for large-scale studies due to high reproducibility and robustness. With respect to experimental design, a detailed discussion of validated urine collection procedures for both human and other animal model experimental systems is provided along with procedures for the use of preservatives and storage. We explore specific issues in the acquisition of urinary NMR experiments, such as the choice of pulse program and solvent suppression. Data pre-processing techniques, such as spectral binning, quantitative peak-fitting, and full-spectrum approaches, as input to subsequent chemometric evaluation of NMR spectra are detailed. Moving towards applications, we review illustrative biological examples of NMR spectroscopy of urine to studies of normal variation and non-healthy phenotypes. Finally, we discuss emerging challenges in biomarker discovery as well as the emerging field of pharmacometabonomics.
NMR Spectroscopy of Serum and Plasma
Authors: Keun Hector C.
Published: January 2018

NMR spectroscopy of serum or plasma represents a highly efficient way to gain information on the distribution and composition of lipoproteins, while simultaneously estimating levels of highly abundant small molecules in blood. The approach allows the user to access information on systemic metabolism, diet and other exposures, and core physiological processes including specific information about organ function and pathology. Subsequently, 1H NMR spectroscopy of serum and plasma became a major component of the developing field of metabonomics/metabolomics, while in parallel becoming a genuinely new clinical chemistry platform. It has been used extensively to predict, detect and monitor cardiometabolic disease and to elucidate the causal relationships between blood molecules and chronic disease risk. Today, the application of NMR analysis of blood serum/plasma is at an important crossroads, with the expansion of national centres of excellence and commercially available platforms and with large-scale human studies becoming more commonplace. This makes NMR-based metabolomics in principle a widely accessible clinical tool open to many researchers or even the private individual for health assessment. Herein is described the experimental methodology and progress to-date of this growing success story for biological NMR spectroscopy.
NMR in Environmental and Nutritional Research
Authors: Athersuch Toby J. , wijeyesekera Anisha
Published: January 2018

Small molecular species represent environmental/nutritional exposures as well as downstream mediators and their modulation reflects consequences of those exposures; metabolome analyses are therefore critical in efforts to characterise the internal chemical milieu to complement genomic profiles. As in other areas of health research, NMR spectroscopy is a primary platform for biofluid analysis, benefitting from good reproducibility and robustness, wide metabolome coverage, and the capacity to provide quantitative data. In this chapter, we highlight some of the main applications of NMR in environmental and nutritional research related to human health, which include analysis of dietary components, to molecular phenotyping, and structure elucidation of novel metabolites.
Imaging Metabolic Processes in Living Systems with Hyperpolarised 13C Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Hill Deborah K. , Mariotti Erika , Eykyn Thomas R.
Published: January 2018

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is limited by low signal strength at thermal equilibrium owing to low spin polarisation. NMR spectroscopy and MR spectroscopic imaging are therefore subject to constraints in both spatial and temporal resolution, especially for nuclei other than 1H, owing to their lower natural abundance and lower gyromagnetic ratio. In recent years there have been advances in hyperpolarisation technologies, in particular dissolution dynamic nuclear polarisation (DNP), which has enabled significant NMR signal enhancements of low gyromagnetic ratio nuclei, such as 13C and 15N, in a range of endogenous biological metabolites. This has provided a number of opportunities, hitherto inaccessible, to measure the inter-conversion of metabolites in real time in cellular systems, whole organ preparations, as well as in vivo, and thereby to report on the activity of endogenous enzymes and membrane transporters that facilitate their kinetic inter-conversion. We provide an overview of the methods available for hyperpolarising small molecule metabolites and discuss application areas for their biomedical exploitation as well as some of the limitations of the methodology.
Quantitative Raman microspectroscopy for water permeability parameters at a droplet interface bilayer
Authors: Braziel S. , Sullivan K. , Lee S.
Published: January 2018

Using confocal Raman microspectroscopy, we derive parameters for bilayer water transport across an isolated nanoliter aqueous droplet pair.
Deducing disulfide patterns of cysteine-rich proteins using signature fragments produced by top-down mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhao Xiuxiu , Shen Yue , Tong Wenjun , Wang Guanbo , Chen David D. Y.
Published: January 2018

With improved deconvolution and fragment identification strategies, we use the patterns of specific modifications of fragment ions resulted from disulfide cleavage in top-down mass spectrometry to deduce the complex disulfide patterns of cysteine-rich proteins.
A lysosome-targeting colorimetric and fluorescent dual signal probe for sensitive detection and bioimaging of hydrogen sulfide
Authors: Wu Cuiyan , Hu Xiaojun , Gu Biao , Yin Peng , Su Wei , Li Yaqian , Lu Qiujun , Zhang Youyu , Li Haitao
Published: January 2018

In this study, we developed a lysosome-targeting fluorescent probe, 3-(2,4-dinitrophenoxy)-2-(4-morpholinophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (DMC), for the detection of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) based on excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT).
Analysis of Cuban nickeliferous minerals by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS): non-conventional sample preparation of powder samples
Authors: Sperança Marco Aurelio , Pomares-Alfonso Mario Siméon , Pereira-Filho Edenir Rodrigues
Published: January 2018

In the present study, a new method to quantify Al, Cr, Fe, Mg, Mn, and Ni in nickeliferous minerals by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is proposed.
Colorimetric detection of residual hydrogen peroxide in soaked food based on Au@Ag nanorods
Authors: Chen Qingai , Lin Tianran , Huang Jianli , Chen Yi , Guo Liangqia , Fu Fengfu
Published: January 2018

A simple and selective colorimetric method for H2O2 detection in soaked food samples was developed using Au@Ag nanorods (Au@Ag NRs) as the signal conducter.
Hot kinetic model as a guide to improve organic photovoltaic materials
Authors: Sosorev Andrey Yu. , Godovsky Dmitry Yu. , Paraschuk Dmitry Yu.
Published: January 2018

The model yields that the most promising ways to increase the OSC performance are decreasing the reorganization energy, increasing the dielectric permittivity and enhancing the charge delocalization.
Single Pd atomic catalyst on Mo2CO2 monolayer (MXene): unusual activity for CO oxidation by trimolecular Eley–Rideal mechanism
Authors: Cheng Cheng , Zhang Xilin , Wang Mingyang , Wang Shiyan , Yang Zongxian
Published: January 2018

A Pd atom Mo2CO2 exhibits excellent stability and high activity to CO oxidation.
Effects of point defects on the magnetoelectronic structures of MXenes from first principles
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Arkamita , Ghosh Dibyajyoti , Pati Swapan K.
Published: January 2018

Intrinsic point defects in MXene can emerge as potential tool to modulate the properties of these 2D sheets.
On the physics of both surface overcharging and charge reversal at heterophase interfaces
Authors: Wang Zhi-Yong , Zhang Pengli , Ma Zengwei
Published: January 2018

A series of Monte Carlo simulations are employed to reveal the physics of both surface overcharging and charge reversal at a negatively charged dielectric interface exposed to a bulk solution containing a +2:−1 electrolyte in the absence and presence of a monovalent salt.
Relevance of the Mo-precursor state in H-ZSM-5 for methane dehydroaromatization
Authors: Vollmer Ina , Li Guanna , Yarulina Irina , Kosinov Nikolay , Hensen Emiel J. , Houben Klaartje , Mance Deni , Baldus Marc , Gascon Jorge , Kapteijn Freek
Published: January 2018

Although the local geometry of Mo in Mo/HZSM-5 has been characterized before, we present a systematic way to manipulate the configuration of Mo and link it to its catalytic properties.
Selective hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol catalyzed by Cu supported on rod-like La2O2CO3
Authors: Chen Kun , Duan Xinping , Fang Huihuang , Liang Xuelian , Yuan Youzhu
Published: January 2018

Cu-based catalysts have long been applied to convert CO2 and H2 into methanol, and their performances are well known to be markedly influenced by the support and promoter.
Base-promoted hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane catalyzed by noble-metal-free nanoparticles
Authors: Yao Qilu , Yang Kun , Hong Xiaoling , Chen Xiangshu , Lu Zhang-Hui
Published: January 2018

Noble-metal-free CuCoMo catalysts exhibited ultra-high catalytic performance toward the hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane under the assistance of a base.
Enhanced acidity of defective MOF-808: effects of the activation process and missing linker defects
Authors: Ardila-Suárez C. , Perez-Beltran Saul , Ramírez-Caballero G. E. , Balbuena Perla B.
Published: January 2018

Thermal activation processes modify the structure and acidity of Zr-based MOFs.
Effects of a combined intervention with a lentil protein hydrolysate and a mixed training protocol on the lipid metabolism and hepatic markers of NAFLD in Zucker rats
Authors: Martínez Rosario , Kapravelou Garyfallia , Donaire Ana , Lopez-Chaves Carlos , Arrebola Francisco , Galisteo Milagros , Cantarero Samuel , Aranda Pilar , Porres Jesus M. , López-Jurado María
Published: January 2018

Lentil protein hydrolysate and a mixed training protocol reduced hepatomegalia and steatosis associated with NAFLD, relieving adverse effects in glucose and lipid metabolism.
Tributyltin induces epigenetic changes and decreases the expression of nuclear respiratory factor-1
Authors: Hanaoka Saki , Ishida Keishi , Tanaka Saki , Sakamoto Shuichiro , Okuda Katsuhiro , Sanoh Seigo , Ohta Shigeru , Kotake Yaichiro
Published: January 2018

The toxicity of tributyltin, an organotin environmental contaminant, is potentially mediated by epigenetic changes in the nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF-1) promoter region, leading to reduced mitochondrial membrane potential.
Dynamic changes in copper homeostasis and post-transcriptional regulation ofAtp7aduring myogenic differentiation
Authors: Vest Katherine E. , Paskavitz Amanda L. , Lee Joseph B. , Padilla-Benavides Teresita
Published: January 2018

Copper (Cu) is an essential metal required for activity of a number of redox active enzymes that participate in critical cellular pathways such as metabolism and cell signaling.
Colorimetric and fluorescent sensing of a new FRET system via [5]helicene and rhodamine 6G for Hg2+ detection
Authors: Petdum Anuwut , Panchan Waraporn , Sirirak Jitnapa , Promarak Vinich , Sooksimuang Thanasat , Wanichacheva Nantanit
Published: January 2018

A “visually colorimetric” and fluorometric sensor based on [5]helicene connected to rhodamine 6G via a hydrazide moiety was designed and prepared for the highly sensitive and selective detection of Hg2+.
Development and validation of a stability-indicating RP-HPLC method for simultaneous determination of dapagliflozin and saxagliptin in fixed-dose combination
Authors: Singh N. , Bansal P. , Maithani M. , Chauhan Y.
Published: January 2018

A simple and precise stability indicating method for the simultaneous estimation of dapagliflozin and saxagliptin in combined tablet dosage form was developed and validated using RP-HPLC.
A boronate-decorated porous carbon material derived from a zinc-based metal–organic framework for enrichment of cis-diol-containing nucleosides
Authors: Pan Yanan , Guo Xiumei , Li Shanshan , Liu Xiaoyan , Zhang Haixia
Published: January 2018

A new boronate-decorated carbon material derived from Zn-MOF was synthesized and used to selectively enrich cis-diol nucleosides.
Concentrating and labeling genomic DNA in a nanofluidic array
Authors: Marie Rodolphe , Pedersen Jonas N. , Mir Kalim U. , Bilenberg Brian , Kristensen Anders
Published: January 2018

Genomic DNA is concentrated in a dense nanofluidic array and labeled by a polymerase ϕ29 reaction where neither the DNA nor the enzyme is attached to a solid support.
First-principles simulation of local response in transition metal dichalcogenides under electron irradiation
Authors: Yoshimura Anthony , Lamparski Michael , Kharche Neerav , Meunier Vincent
Published: January 2018

DFT combined with relativistic scattering theory simulates the formation of complicated defects and extended patterns in group-IV TMDs.
Low-force spectroscopy on graphene membranes by scanning tunneling microscopy
Authors: Uder Bernd , Gao Haibin , Kunnas Peter , de Jonge Niels , Hartmann Uwe
Published: January 2018

The subtle interaction between a tip and an atomically thin graphene membrane in tunneling contact can be used for nonindenting force spectroscopy. This was applied to a freestanding single layer of graphene and permitted the detection of Young's modulus.
Resonant scattering of green light enabled by Ag@TiO2 and its application in a green light projection screen
Authors: Ye Yiyang , Chen Tupei , Zhen Juyuan , Xu Chen , Zhang Jun , Li Huakai
Published: January 2018

Ag@TiO2 selectively scatters green light upon proper size selection, and this property enables a green-light transparent projection screen.
A novel thermal detection method based on molecularly imprinted nanoparticles as recognition elements
Authors: Canfarotta Francesco , Czulak J. , Betlem K. , Sachdeva A. , Eersels K. , van Grinsven B. , Cleij T. J. , Peeters M.
Published: January 2018

A novel thermal sensor based on nanoparticles as recognition elements with great potential for in vivo detection of a range of targets.
InPZnS alloy quantum dots with tris(hexylthio)phosphine as a dual anionic precursor
Authors: An Soyeon , Cho Hyelim , Jeon Heung Bae , Kim Sang-Wook
Published: January 2018

New anionic precursor, tris(hexylthio)phosphine(THTP), is introduced for use with InP-based QDs, as a result, the emission wavelength from 530 nm to 570 nm and a maximum quantum efficiency of 42% are obtained.
Elemental sulfur accelerated the reactivity of the 3-position of indole for the construction of chromeno[2,3-b]indoles
Authors: Liu Jianming , Yan Xuyang , Liu Na , Zhang Yanyan , Zhao Shufang , Wang Xiaopei , Zhuo Kelei , Yue Yuanyuan
Published: January 2018

Elemental sulfur not only acted as an additional oxidant but also facilitated the reactivity of the 3-position of indole to construct chromeno[2,3-b]indoles.
Structural, thermal, and transport properties of La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 nanoparticles synthesized via the sol–gel auto-combustion technique
Authors: Saleem M. , Varshney Dinesh
Published: January 2018

Herein, rare-earth manganite, La0.67Sr0.33MnO3, has been prepared by a citric acid-assisted sol–gel auto-combustion method at a maintained pH value of 11.
Three-dimensional honeycomb-like porous carbon derived from corncob for the removal of heavy metals from water by capacitive deionization
Authors: Zhang X. F. , Wang B. , Yu J. , Wu X. N. , Zang Y. H. , Gao H. C. , Su P. C. , Hao S. Q.
Published: January 2018

A porous carbon electrode with a 3D honeycomb-like structure demonstrates a high removal efficiency for the removal of chromium(vi) from water.
Physico-chemical studies of resveratrol, methyl-jasmonate and cyclodextrin interactions: an approach to resveratrol bioproduction optimization
Authors: Oliva E. , Mathiron D. , Bertaut E. , Landy D. , Cailleu D. , Pilard S. , Clément C. , Courot E. , Bonnet V. , Djedaïni-Pilard F.
Published: January 2018

The role of cyclodextrins in the bioproduction of resveratrol in the presence of methyl-jasmonate is rationalized, leading to solutions for the improvement of bioproduction.
Investigation of water transport in fuel cells using water transport plates and solid plates
Authors: Wang Zhiqiang , Qu Lijuan , Zeng Yachao , Guo Xiaoqian , Shao Zhigang , Yi Baolian
Published: January 2018

Water management of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is of vital importance to achieve better performance and durability.
Strongly enhanced luminescence of Sr4Al14O25:Mn4+phosphor by co-doping B3+and Na+ions with red emission for plant growth LEDs
Authors: Long Jiaqi , Yuan Xuanyi , Ma Chaoyang , Du Miaomiao , Ma Xiaoli , Wen Zicheng , Ma Ran , Wang Yuzhen , Cao Yongge
Published: January 2018

(a) Emission spectrum of LEDs fabricated with 445 nm blue chip and Sr2Si5N8:Eu2+red phosphor. (b) Emission spectrum of LEDs fabricated with 445 nm blue chip and Sr4Al14O25:Mn4+phosphor. (c and d) Absorption spectrum of chlorophyll-b and chlorophyll-a.
An investigation on 3-acetyl-7-methoxy-coumarin Schiff bases and their Ru(ii) metallates with potent antiproliferative activity and enhanced LDH and NO release
Authors: Kalaiarasi G. , Jeya Rajkumar S. Rex , Dharani S. , Małecki J. G. , Prabhakaran R.
Published: January 2018

New cyclometallated ruthenium(ii) complexes of 3-acetyl-7-methoxycoumarin-4N-substituted thiosemicarbazones were synthesized and characterized by analytical and spectral techniques.
An enzyme-like imprinted-polymer reactor with segregated quantum confinements for a tandem catalyst
Authors: Wei Wenjing , Zhou Tingting , Wu Shuping , Shen Xiaojuan , Zhu Maiyong , Li Songjun
Published: January 2018

This study was aimed at addressing the present challenge in tandem catalysts: how to furnish catalysts with tandem catalytic-ability without involving the precise control and man-made isolation of different types of catalytic sites.
A common tattoo chemical for energy storage: henna plant-derived naphthoquinone dimer as a green and sustainable cathode material for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Miroshnikov Mikhail , Kato Keiko , Babu Ganguli , Divya Kizhmuri P. , Reddy Arava Leela Mohana , Ajayan Pulickel M. , John George
Published: January 2018

The burgeoning energy demands of an increasingly eco-conscious population have spurred the need for sustainable energy storage devices, and have called into question the viability of the popular lithium ion battery.
Dissolution of epoxy thermosets via mild alcoholysis: the mechanism and kinetics study
Authors: Kuang Xiao , Shi Qian , Zhou Yunying , Zhao Zeang , Wang Tiejun , Qi H. Jerry
Published: January 2018

An industrial grade epoxy thermoset was utilized as a model system to demonstrate the thermoset dissolution via solvent assisted transesterification with high efficiency under mild conditions.
Rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of β-cyanocinnamic esters with the assistance of a single hydrogen bond in a precise position
Authors: Li Xiuxiu , You Cai , Yang Yusheng , Yang Yuhong , Li Pan , Gu Guoxian , Chung Lung Wa , Lv Hui , Zhang Xumu
Published: January 2018

The first asymmetric hydrogenation of β-cyanoacrylate esters has been developed to furnish chiral β-cyano esters with excellent yields and excellent enantioselectivities. Notably, the catalyst with a single H-bond donor in a precise position performed better than that with double H-bond donors.
Encapsulation of ultrafine metal-oxide nanoparticles within mesopores for biomass-derived catalytic applications
Authors: Fang Ruiqi , Tian Panliang , Yang Xianfeng , Luque Rafael , Li Yingwei
Published: January 2018

A versatile strategy using MOFs as precursors to encapsulate ultrasmall non-noble metal-oxides nanoparticles in the mesopores of KIT-6 is developed.
Closely related yet different: a borylene and its dimer are non-interconvertible but connected through reactivity
Authors: Auerhammer Dominic , Arrowsmith Merle , Dewhurst Rian D. , Kupfer Thomas , Böhnke Julian , Braunschweig Holger
Published: January 2018

This side-by-side reactivity study of a borylene and a diborene with the same empirical formula demonstrates their non-interconvertibility.
Role of non-metallic atoms in enhancing the catalytic activity of nickel-based compounds for hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Zheng Xingqun , Peng Lishan , Li Li , Yang Na , Yang Yanjun , Li Jing , Wang Jianchuan , Wei Zidong
Published: January 2018

The HER activity of X/Ni(100) can be more significantly enhanced by X atoms in the VIA group than by those in the 2nd period.
Pore closure in zeolitic imidazolate frameworks under mechanical pressure
Authors: Henke Sebastian , Wharmby Michael T. , Kieslich Gregor , Hante Inke , Schneemann Andreas , Wu Yue , Daisenberger Dominik , Cheetham Anthony K.
Published: January 2018

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks with cag topology switch between an open and a closed phase in response to mechanical pressure.
A strategic review on processing routes towards highly efficient perovskite solar cells
Authors: Dubey Ashish , Adhikari Nirmal , Mabrouk Sally , Wu Fan , Chen Ke , Yang Shangfeng , Qiao Qiquan
Published: January 2018

An organic–inorganic perovskite is comprised of an organic cation (CH3NH3+, FAI, or Cs), a metal cation (Pb2+or Sn2+) and a halide (I−, Cl−, or Br−) molecule.
Highly efficient and green fabrication of a modified C nanofiber interlayer for high-performance Li–S batteries
Authors: Wu Keshi , Hu Yi , Shen Zhen , Chen Renzhong , He Xia , Cheng Zhongling , Pan Peng
Published: January 2018

A functional C nanofiber interlayer was produced by simply excimer ultraviolet radiation to improve the performance of Li–S batteries.
High performance non-fullerene polymer solar cells based on PTB7-Th as the electron donor with 10.42% efficiency
Authors: Sun Jia , Zhang Zhuohan , Yin Xinxing , Zhou Jie , Yang Linqiang , Geng Renyong , Zhang Fujun , Zhu Rihong , Yu Jiangsheng , Tang Weihua
Published: January 2018

In this work, we present a structurally defined blue-shift non-fullerene electron acceptor (ITCT) matching with PTB7-Th as the electron donor for high-performance fullerene-free polymer solar cells (PSCs).
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles/gelatin porous composite scaffolds with localized and sustained release of vancomycin for treatment of infected bone defects
Authors: Zhou Xiaojun , Weng Weizong , Chen Bo , Feng Wei , Wang Weizhong , Nie Wei , Chen Liang , Mo Xiumei , Su Jiacan , He Chuanglong
Published: January 2018

A highly porous composite scaffold with localized and sustained antibiotic release property for treatment of infected bone defects.
A highly sensitive and rapidly responding fluorescent probe based on a rhodol fluorophore for imaging endogenous hypochlorite in living mice
Authors: Zhang Yanhui , Ma Lin , Tang Chunchao , Pan Shengnan , Shi Donglei , Wang Shaojing , Li Minyong , Guo Yuan
Published: January 2018

A novel fluorescent probe RO610 was applied for the in vivo detection of endogenous ClO− using living mice.
Aluminium/gallium, indium/gallium, and aluminium/indium co-doped ZnO thin films deposited via aerosol assisted CVD
Authors: Potter Dominic B. , Powell Michael J. , Parkin Ivan P. , Carmalt Claire J.
Published: January 2018

Aluminium/gallium co-doped ZnO (AGZO), indium/gallium co-doped ZnO (IGZO), and aluminium/indium co-doped ZnO (AIZO) thin films were synthesised on glass substrates via aerosol assisted chemical vapour deposition (AACVD).
Enhanced optoelectronic performance in AgBiS2 nanocrystals obtained via an improved amine-based synthesis route
Authors: Hu Long , Patterson Robert J. , Zhang Zhilong , Hu Yicong , Li Dengbing , Chen Zihan , Yuan Lin , Teh Zhi Li , Gao Yijun , Conibeer Gavin J. , Huang Shujuan
Published: January 2018

Solar cells fabricated using modified AgBiS2 nanocrystals achieved a PCE of 4.3%, which is a 30% improvement compared with conventional AgBiS2 nanocrystal solar cells.
Correlation between MBL2/CD14/TNF-α gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to spinal tuberculosis in Chinese population
Authors: Zheng Mingfeng , Shi Shiyuan , Wei Wei , Zheng Qi , Wang Yifan , Ying Xiaozhang , Lu Di
Published: January 2018

Objective: The present study investigated the clinical significance of mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2), cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) gene polymorphisms in patients with spinal tuberculosis (TB) in Chinese population. Methods: A total of 240 patients with spinal TB were enrolled in the present study from May 2013 to August 2016 at Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital. A total of 150 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects were enrolled as controls. The genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of all subjects, and the MBL2, CD14 and TNF-α gene polymorphisms were detected by direct DNA sequencing. Results: (1) Compared with controls, patients with spinal TB exhibited a significantly higher frequency of the XY genotype at the −221G>C polymorphism as well as the Q allele and PQ genotype or an association with the QQ genotype at the +4C>T polymorphism in the MBL2 gene. (2) Compared with controls, patients with spinal TB exhibited a significantly higher frequency of the T allele and TT genotype or an association with the CT genotype at the −159C>T polymorphism in the CD14 gene. (3) Compared with controls, patients with spinal TB exhibited a significantly higher frequency of the T allele and the CT genotype or an association with the TT genotype at the TNF-857 polymorphism in the TNF-α gene. Conclusion: The −221G>C polymorphism of MBL2, the −159C>T polymorphism of CD14 and the TNF-857 polymorphism of TNF-α are risk factors for spinal TB and may be involved in the development of spinal TB in the Chinese population. These factors are indicators of susceptibility to spinal TB and require clinical attention.
The catalytic inactivation of the N-half of human hexokinase 2 and structural and biochemical characterization of its mitochondrial conformation
Authors: Nawaz Mir Hussain , Ferreira Juliana C. , Nedyalkova Lyudmila , Zhu Haizhong , Carrasco-López César , Kirmizialtin Serdal , Rabeh Wael M.
Published: January 2018

The high proliferation rate of tumor cells demands high energy and metabolites that are sustained by a high glycolytic flux known as the ‘Warburg effect’. The activation and further metabolism of glucose is initiated by hexokinase, a focal point of metabolic regulation. The human hexokinase 2 (HK2) is overexpressed in all aggressive tumors and predominantly found on the outer mitochondrial membrane, where interactions through its N-terminus initiates and maintains tumorigenesis. Here, we report the structure of HK2 in complex with glucose and glucose-6-phosphate (G6P). Structural and biochemical characterization of the mitochondrial conformation reveals higher conformational stability and slow protein unfolding rate (ku) compared with the cytosolic conformation. Despite the active site similarity of all human hexokinases, the N-domain of HK2 is catalytically active but not in hexokinase 1 and 3. Helix-α13 that protrudes out of the N-domain to link it to the C-domain of HK2 is found to be important in maintaining the catalytic activity of the N-half. In addition, the N-domain of HK2 regulates the stability of the whole enzyme in contrast with the C-domain. Glucose binding enhanced the stability of the wild-type (WT) enzyme and the single mutant D657A of the C-domain, but it did not increase the stability of the D209A mutant of the N-domain. The interaction of HK2 with the mitochondria through its N-half is proposed to facilitate higher stability on the mitochondria. The identification of structural and biochemical differences between HK2 and other human hexokinase isozymes could potentially be used in the development of new anticancer therapies.
94‐GHz 360° reflective‐type phase shifter with minimal loss variation using triple‐resonating load technique
Authors: Gu Peng , Zhao Dixian
Published: January 2018

This Letter reports a 360° reflective‐type phase shifter in 100‐nm InGaAs pHEMT technology. A triple‐resonating load technique is proposed and the optimum conditions are derived to achieve full 360° phase‐shift range and minimise the insertion loss variation. The implemented reflective‐type phase shifter achieves a measured phase‐shift range of 360° and an insertion loss of at 94 GHz. Measured return loss is better than 14 dB across 360° phase‐shift range.
Hyperspectral anomaly detection using differential image
Authors: Imani Maryam
Published: January 2018

A hyperspectral anomaly detector, which uses the benefits of a proposed background feature extraction method and the kernel trick, is introduced in this study. The proposed method is differential image based detector (DID). The DID method uses the differential image to estimate the variations of background in the feature extraction phase. The proposed feature extraction method slows the variations of background. So, it suppresses the background signal and highlights the anomalous signal. The separation between anomalous targets and background clutter is increased in the projected feature space. Before feeding the transformed data into the Reed–Xiaoli (RX) detector, the kernel learning method is applied. The kernel technique transforms the projected data with a linear non‐Gaussian model to a potentially high‐dimensional feature space with the non‐linear Gaussian domain. Experiments are conducted on two real hyperspectral images. The experimental results indicate that the proposed DID method outperforms RX and some state‐of‐the‐art anomaly detection approaches.
Abundance patterns of the light neutron-capture elements in very and extremely metal-poor stars
Authors: Spite F. , Spite M. , Barbuy B. , Bonifacio P. , Caffau E. , François P.
Published: January 2018

Aims. The abundance patterns of the neutron-capture elements in metal-poor stars provide a unique record of the nucleosynthesis products of the earlier massive primitive objects.

Methods. We measured new abundances of so-called light neutron-capture of first peak elements using local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) 1D analysis; this analysis resulted in a sample of 11 very metal-poor stars, from [Fe/H] = –2.5 to [Fe/H] = –3.4, and one carbon-rich star, CS 22949-037 with [Fe/H] = –4.0. The abundances were compared to those observed in two classical metal-poor stars: the typical r-rich star CS 31082-001 ([Eu/Fe] > +1.0) and the r-poor star HD 122563 ([Eu/Fe] < 0.0), which are known to present a strong enrichment of the first peak neutron-capture elements relative to the second peak.

Results. Within the first peak, the abundances are well correlated in analogy to the well-known correlation inside the abundances of the second-peak elements. In contrast, there is no correlation between any first peak element with any second peak element. We show that the scatter of the ratio of the first peak abundance over second peak abundance increases when the mean abundance of the second peak elements decreases from r-rich to r-poor stars. We found two new r-poor stars that are very similar to HD 122563. A third r-poor star, CS 22897-008, is even more extreme; this star shows the most extreme example of first peak elements enrichment to date. On the contrary, another r-poor star (BD–18 5550) has a pattern of first peak elements that is similar to the typical r-rich stars CS 31082-001, however this star has some Mo enrichment.

Conclusions. The distribution of the neutron-capture elements in our very metal-poor stars can be understood as the combination of at least two mechanisms: one that enriches the forming stars cloud homogeneously through the main r-process and leads to an element pattern similar to the r-rich stars, such as CS 31082-001; and another that forms mainly lighter, first peak elements.
Evidence for feedback and stellar-dynamically regulated bursty star cluster formation: the case of the Orion Nebula
Cluster
Authors: Kroupa Pavel , Jeřábková Tereza , Dinnbier František , Beccari Giacomo , Yan Zhiqiang
Published: January 2018

A scenario for the formation of multiple co-eval populations separated in age by about 1 Myr in very young clusters (VYCs, ages less than 10 Myr) and with masses in the range 600–20 000 M⊙ is outlined. It rests upon a converging inflow of molecular gas building up a first population of pre-main sequence stars. The associated just-formed O stars ionise the inflow and suppress star formation in the embedded cluster. However, they typically eject each other out of the embedded cluster within 106 yr, that is before the molecular cloud filament can be ionised entirely. The inflow of molecular gas can then resume forming a second population. This sequence of events can be repeated maximally over the life-time of the molecular cloud (about 10 Myr), but is not likely to be possible in VYCs with mass <300 M⊙, because such populations are not likely to contain an O star. Stellar populations heavier than about 2000 M⊙ are likely to have too many O stars for all of these to eject each other from the embedded cluster before they disperse their natal cloud. VYCs with masses in the range 600–2000 M⊙ are likely to have such multi-age populations, while VYCs with masses in the range 2000–20 000 M⊙ can also be composed solely of co-eval, mono-age populations. More massive VYCs are not likely to host sub-populations with age differences of about 1 Myr. This model is applied to the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC), in which three well-separated pre-main sequences in the colour–magnitude diagram of the cluster have recently been discovered. The mass-inflow history is constrained using this model and the number of OB stars ejected from each population are estimated for verification using Gaia data. As a further consequence of the proposed model, the three runaway O star systems, AE Aur, μ Col and ι Ori, are considered as significant observational evidence for stellar-dynamical ejections of massive stars from the oldest population in the ONC. Evidence for stellar-dynamical ejections of massive stars in the currently forming population is also discussed.
Syndromic Hearing Loss: A Brief Review of Common Presentations and Genetics
Authors: Gettelfinger John , Dahl John
Published: January 2018

Congenital hearing loss is one of the most common birth defects worldwide, with around 1 in 500 people experiencing some form of severe hearing loss. While over 400 different syndromes involving hearing loss have been described, it is important to be familiar with a wide range of syndromes involving hearing loss so an early diagnosis can be made and early intervention can be pursued to maximize functional hearing and speech-language development in the setting of verbal communication. This review aims to describe the presentation and genetics for some of the most frequently occurring syndromes involving hearing loss, including neurofibromatosis type 2, branchio-oto-renal syndrome, Treacher Collins syndrome, Stickler syndrome, Waardenburg syndrome, Pendred syndrome, Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome, Usher syndromes, Refsum disease, Alport syndrome, MELAS, and MERRF.
Milbenallergie im HNO-Bereich: Bedeutung, Diagnostik und Therapieoptionen
Authors: Klimek Ludger , Gröger Moritz , Becker Sven
Published: January 2018

Die allergische Rhinitis betrifft ca. 20 % der Gesamtpopulation in Deutschland, ca. ein Drittel dieser Patienten ist von einer
persistierenden Rhinitis aufgrund einer Milbenallergie betroffen 2. Bei Patienten mit perennialer
Rhinitis allergica ist die Erkrankung besonders häufig mit anderen allergisch bedingten Komorbiditäten wie Asthma bronchiale, atopischem
Ekzem, Schlafstörungen, chronischer Sinusitis oder Tubenfunktionsstörungen assoziiert.
Sexualpädagogische Arbeit mit jungen Geflüchteten – Ein Praxiseinblick
Authors: Witz Christina , Jannink Helge
Published: January 2018

In diesem Praxisbeitrag werden zwei Projekte vorgestellt, die der Autor und die Autorin unabhängig voneinander durchgeführt haben, und die
zeitlich vor und nach der großen in Deutschland bemerkbaren Fluchtbewegung 2015 liegen: Christina Witz hat von Juni 2013 bis Dezember 2014
im Medienzentrum der GWA St. Pauli Hamburg in einem Langzeitprojekt mit jungen farsischsprachigen Frauen den Kurzfilm „Gut zu wissen –
Besuch bei der Frauenärztin“ erarbeitet. Helge Jannink hat im Rahmen des sexualpädagogischen Angebots des Familienplanungszentrums e. V.
Hamburg im Jahr 2016 mehrere Kurzzeitveranstaltungen für männliche unbegleitete minderjährige Geflüchtete durchgeführt. Sexualpädagogische
Arbeit mit jungen Geflüchteten wird exemplarisch anhand dieser beiden Lang- bzw. Kurzzeitprojekte vorgestellt und abschließend wird die
Frage diskutiert, ob sich im Zusammenhang mit der Zielgruppe der Geflüchteten Unterschiede zur klassischen sexualpädagogischen Praxis
ausmachen lassen.
Jubiläumsbeitrag: Minima sexualia zu 30 Jahren Zeitschrift für Sexualforschung
Authors: Volkmar Sigusch
Published: January 2018

Anlässlich des 30jährigen Jubiläums der Zeitschrift für Sexualforschung gibt der Gründungsherausgeber der Zeitschrift für Sexualforschung,
der für das damalige Heft 1 den Eröffnungsessay „Was heißt kritische Sexualwissenschaft?“ verfasst hat, einige Minima kritischer
Sexualwissenschaft zum Erinnern und Nachdenken.
Amentoflavone Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis and Wear Debris-Induced Osteolysis via Suppressing NF-κB and MAPKs Signaling Pathways
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Zhao Shuai , Li Xiaolei , Zhuo Xiaoqi , Zhang Wu , Nie Qian , Wang Shuguang , Yan Lianqi , Sun Yu
Published: January 2018

Wear debris-induced osteolysis is one of the major reasons for subsequent aseptic loosening after cementless hip arthroplasty. Increasing evidence suggests that receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) ligand-mediated osteoclastogenesis and osteolysis are responsible for wear debris-induced aseptic loosening. In the present study, we explored the effect of amentoflavone (AMF) on inhibiting osteoclast generation and wear debris-induced osteolysis in vitro and in vivo. Twenty-four male C57BL/J6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: a sham group and groups with titanium wear debris treatment followed by intraperitoneal injection of various concentrations of AMF (0, 20, and 40 mg/kg/day). The micro computed tomography scanning and histological analysis were performed. Bone marrow-derived macrophages were cultured to investigate the effect of AMF on osteoclast generation and function. The results showed that AMF suppressed osteoclastogenesis, F-actin ring formation, and bone absorption without cytotoxicity. AMF prevented titanium wear debris-induced osteolysis in mice. AMF suppressed the relative proteins of NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) signaling pathways. Thus, the present study suggests that AMF derived from plants could inhibit osteoclastogenesis and titanium wear debris-induced osteolysis via suppressing NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways.
Current Perspectives on Biotechnological Cannabinoid Production in Plants
Authors: Schachtsiek Julia , Warzecha Heribert , Kayser Oliver , Stehle Felix
Published: January 2018

The plant Cannabis sativa contains a number of psychoactive chemical compounds, the cannabinoids, which possess a significant pharmaceutical potential. Recently, the usage of Cannabis for medicinal purposes was legalized in many countries. Thus, the study on the influence of different cannabinoids in combination with other Cannabis-derived compounds with respect to the treatment of various diseases becomes increasingly important. Besides the production of distinct cannabinoids in a heterologous host, like tobacco or yeast, transgenic Cannabis plants would be a suitable alternative to modify and therefore optimize the cannabinoid profile. This perspective highlights the current efforts on Cannabis cell culture systems, in vitro propagation, and transformation of the plant and reveals the resulting opportunities concerning biotechnological production of cannabinoids. Furthermore, alternative platform organisms for the heterologous production of cannabinoids, like tobacco, are considered and evaluated.