bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Political Violence Against Women: Challenges Faced in General Elections and Politics
Authors: Rusta Andri , Riska Maharani Septia , Rangga Aditya Irsat Muhammad , Elian Nasir Putiviola , Jamilah Maryam
Published: July 2024

This paper aimed to analyze and describe the discrimination faced by women in politics and general elections. The research method used was a literature review of scientific papers, books, newspapers, and other reading materials relevant to the research. The data collected was examined and reviewed. The study used the theories of Anne Philips and Nadezhda Svedova regarding women’s political representation. The results and conclusions of this paper found that women’s political representation is still deficient, caused by several factors such as patriarchal and masculine culture, dynasty politics that prioritize kinship, recruitment systems that are not women-friendly and financial limitations.
Keywords: Political Violence, Women’s Representation, Challenges
Two Decades of Women's Affirmative Action in Indonesia: Some Reflections and Recommendations
Authors: Dwijayanti Yulia , Satria Amanda Yuda , Putra Nandito , Beni Saputra Andhik
Published: July 2024

Democracy essentially requires equal rights between men and women. Both men and women should have equal opportunity to participate in public affairs such as politics. However, women’s political participation remains low compared to men. Women face many obstacles in expressing their political views, particularly in electoral politics. To address the issue, the government has adopted affirmative action by setting a gender quota to enhance women’s political representation. However, the quota does not automatically increase women’s electability parliament. Indonesia is an example of this case. Women’s political representation has never exceeded 30% since the introduction of direct elections. We used a qualitative method for this study. We found that four reasons cause the issue – women’s socio-political capital, the weakness of party institutionalization, the strict political competition among candidates, and voters’ pragmatic behavior during elections. We concluded that there should be severe attempts from various parties – government, political party, and civil society – to increase women’s political representation. Our study matters for mainstreaming gender equality and pushing democracy more substantively.
Keywords: affirmative policy, Indonesia, women’s political representation.
Readjustment of Children's Roles and Social Relationships after Parental Divorce
Authors: . Fachrina , Anggraini Nini
Published: July 2024

This article examined children’s adjustment to their social roles and relationships after their parents’ divorce. This research was based on empirical data collected through interviews and observations of children aged 18 years and under. The collected data was analyzed qualitatively and interpretatively. Research revealed that the dynamics of the relationship between parents after divorce have a direct influence on children’s readjustment. Positive adjustment was seen when parents maintained a good relationship (as friends), and children continued their normal activities such as school and social interactions. On the other hand, if the parental relationship is not friendly, children tend to make negative adjustments, which have a detrimental impact on children, such as boys often fighting, addicted to cigarettes and gambling, but are also found to work while going to school to contribute to the family income and get married at a young age. Girls tend to withdraw and stay at home. These findings emphasized the important role of parental relationships in helping children’s adjustment after divorce. Establishing a healthy co-parenting dynamic is critical to supporting their successful adaptation to the new family structure.
Keywords: readjustment, parent’s divorce, children’s roles; social relationships
Disintegration Policy on Women’s Protection: a Study of a Divorce Lawsuit Verdict Based on Domestic Violence in the Religion Court of Demak
Authors: . Hidayatullah , Susilowati Henny , Wibawa Iskandar , Febriyanti S Nefira , Ma’sum Robbach
Published: July 2024

This study examined whether legislative policies focused on the protection of women against violence have been implemented in judicial practice. The study hypothesised that the legislative policies have not been implemented in judicial practice. To prove the hypothesis, the study was conducted using socio-legal methods by examining the meaning of legal texts in judicial practice. The results of the study proved the hypothesis based on the data on the divorce lawsuits brought by the wife at the Religion Court of Demak in 2022. Most data on divorce lawsuits were based on domestic violence. The interesting point of these data was that even though domestic violence occurred, the wives who were the victims did not settle them criminally as stipulated in Law No. 23 of 2024 concerning Domestic Violence, but instead, they were civilly settled by filing a divorce lawsuit to the Religion Court. Divorce lawsuits based on domestic violence have been regulated in Article 19 of Government Regulation (PP) No. 9 of 1975 as the implementation of the Marriage Law. Another interesting research result was that the verdicts made by the judge of the Religion Court were not based on the reason for committing cruelty or severe persecution that endangered the other party (Article 19 letter (d)), but based on the reason that there were continuous disputes and quarrels between husband and wife which cannot be expected to live in harmony again in the household (Article 19 letter (f)). It was concluded that the protection of women (wives) from domestic violence that has been regulated in legislative policies had not been implemented in the verdicts made by the religious court. The divorce lawsuit’s verdicts handed down by the Religion Court of Demak have not interpreted the articles in the laws and regulations within the framework of legal protection for women.
Keywords: Disintegration Policy; Women Protection
PROBLEMS OF CHOICE EFFECTIVE METHODS OF TREATMENT OF SEISMO SIGNALS FOR INTELLECTUAL OF SYSTEMS
Authors: Glauberman M. A. , Lepikh Ya. I. , Maksymov O. S. , Balaban A. P.
Published: July 2024

The paper analyzes the problem of processing seismic signals an intellectual autonomous seismic system for reconnaissance, signaling and security purposes and identifies the main directions for creating a new energy-efficient dual-use seismic system with an increased identification range for detecting moving objects. Various methods of processing seismic signals are considered, their comparison in terms of efficiency based on the characteristics of their characteristics and energy consumption.
Statutory Aspects of Development of Creative Industries in the Russian Federation
Authors: Nikolinkin Sergey A. ,   Chief Specialist of the Administrative Office of the Mayor and Government of Moscow
Published: July 2024

The paper considers relevant and important problems that have arisen in the course of discussion of draft laws on the development of creative industries in the Russian Federation. The author draws attention to the Draft Law No. 474016-8 ʻOn the Development of Creative (Creative) Industries in the Russian Federationʼ. Having studied the key norms set forth in this Bill, the conclusion is formulated that this bill requires a number of improvements due to objective factors. In conclusion, the author notes that legislative initiatives both in the world arena and in the Russian Federation emphasize creative projects, stimulation of creative ideas, products of intellectual activity in order to ensure dynamic and continuous economic development.
Trans-Border Trade in the Digital Economy Conditions
Authors: Gubasaryan Nara T. ,   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Administrative and Information Law of the M.M. Speransky
Published: July 2024

In the digital economy, cross-border trade has become an integral part of global economic development. At the same time, it is a complex and dynamic process that requires a professional approach and special knowledge. Cross-border trade includes all types of commercial transactions carried out between countries. The basis of such trade is the exchange of goods, services and investments between countries. However, in the digital age, e-commerce or e-commerce is becoming more relevant and developing. To date, or rather, after the start of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, the number of purchases on Russian Internet platforms has increased. This article will analyze international trade, as well as the legal regulations governing this area.
The Principle of Sovereignty in Constitutional History of Spain
Authors: Alekseeva Tatyana A. ,   Research Professor of the Law Faculty of the National Research University Higher School of Economics, LL.D., Associate Professor
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the significance of the principle of sovereignty in the constitutional history of Spain, evolution of its content, peculiarities of the legislative design of its types, identified in jurisprudence by content elements and subjects. The author of the article notes the urgency of the problem of choosing a holder of constituent sovereignty (associated with the right to adopt a constitution) in the 19th century; a nation, a king, at the same time a nation (represented by the cortes) and a king were recognized as its holders; the choice determined the subject of established sovereignty (identified with the supreme, legislative power). The unequal attitude towards sovereignty at different stages of Spanish history in the 20th century is shown. The author of the article concludes that the actualization of practical tasks of state building in the republic with regional autonomy, strictly centralized Spanish state, kingdom with autonomic communities focused the attention of the founders on the state as the holder of sovereignty, on developing the organization of its implementation through a system of government bodies.
On the Impact of the Establishment of Federal Territories on Independence of Constituent Entities of the Russian Federation
Authors: Kravtsova Elena A. ,   Associate Professor of the Putilin Belgorod Law Institute of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia
Published: July 2024

Law of the Russian Federation on the amendment to the Constitution of the Russian Federation of March 14, 2020 No. 1-FKZ Art. 67 of the Constitution was supplemented with a provision on the possibility of forming in Russia territories with a special status — federal territories. This normative prescription has become the subject of extensive discussion in the legal literature. In particular, the opinion has been repeatedly expressed that the introduction of federal territories can lead to the leveling of the independence of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The author of the article analyzes the experience of establishing such territories abroad and in Russia and considers them from the point of view of the influence of such territories on the independence of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
The Constitutional Law Nature of Criminal Prosecution Implemented by the Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation: The Conceptual Approach
Authors: Amirbekov Kasumbek I. ,   Head of the Department of Scientific Support of Arrangement of Prosecutorial Activities
Published: July 2024

In the article, from the standpoint of a comparative analysis of constitutional and criminal procedure norms, taking into account historical experience, the signs characterizing the constitutional and legal nature of the prosecutor's office's function for criminal prosecution, which has been constitutionally consolidated since July 4, 2020, are formulated. The two-stage construction of criminal prosecution in modern Russian criminal proceedings is substantiated, including preliminary and final, of which the constitutional and legal nature of criminal prosecution carried out by the prosecutor's office is manifested in the final one.
Territorial Public Self-Government: History and Present Times, Law Improvement Prospects
Authors: Sergeev Dmitry B. ,   PhD (Law), Associate Professor
Published: July 2024

The article examines, taking into account the amendments and additions made to the Constitution of the Russian Federation in 2020, the key characteristics of territorial public self-government, history of the development of legislation regulating social relations related to it, starting with the provisions of the USSR Law “On the general principles of local self-government and local economy in the USSR” of 1990, the Law of the RSFSR “On Local Self-Government in the RSFSR” of 1991, the federal laws “On the General Principles of Organization of Local Self-Government in the Russian Federation” of 1995 and 2003. The legal positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation related to territorial public self-government are also analyzed. Various points of view of legal scholars on the relationship between local self-government and territorial public self-government are studied. The subject of this study is also the right to exercise territorial public self-government and the article concludes this legal possibility is inherently a fundamental right within which the constitutional right to exercise local self-government is exercised. In addition, the author came to the conclusion the institutions of territorial public self-government should be given the status of public legal entity.
The Use of Electronic Documents Outside an Electronic Criminal Case: A Progressive Dead End
Authors: Michurina Oksana V. ,   Professor of the Department of Criminal Procedure of the Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry, Michurin Viktor S. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Activities of Internal Affairs Agencies in Special Conditions
Published: July 2024

The article proposes to understand certain problematic aspects of the use of electronic documents in criminal proceedings. The mechanism for the implementation of electronic documents in criminal proceedings is presented by the authors as a set of actions determined not only by their regulation, but also by the regulation of the electronic criminal case. It is stated that the full use of electronic documents in criminal proceedings is impossible without an electronic criminal case. At the same time, the authors wonder about the readiness of the transition of Russian criminal proceedings to the electronic format of criminal proceedings. Particular emphasis is placed on improving criminal procedural activities in the field of application of digital technologies and the corresponding transformation of criminal procedural legislation.
Criminal Law Protection of Personal Data Processing in Sports: Problem Setting
Authors: Saraev Vladimir V. ,   Member of the Expert Council for Physical Education and Sports under the Social Policy Committee of the Federation Council
Published: July 2024

The author raises the question of the prevalence of violations committed during the illegal processing of personal data in the field of sports. Among the reasons for problems of law enforcement is the uncertainty and incompleteness of the provisions of Art. 13.11 The Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, along with the gaps in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, in terms of strengthening the counteraction to illegal manifestations through the consistent criminalization of violations of the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of personal data, administrative liability for the commission of which is provided for by Part. 1, 2 tbsp. 13.11 Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.
Prevention of Offenses and Crime by Prosecution and Other Law Enforcement Authorities
Authors: Gulyagin Aleksandr Yu. ,   Prosecutor of the Tambov Region, LL.D., Bogdanova Tatyana V. ,   ssistant Prosecutor of the Tambov Region for Organizational Issues and Supervisory Followup
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the issue of delinquency prophylaxis and crime prevention. The article analyzes the definitions of “prophylaxis” and “prevention” in relation to offenses and crimes. The content and essence of delinquency prophylaxis and crime prevention are revealed. The authors examines the norms of the current legislation in the field of crime prevention, orders and information letters of the General Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation. The authors comes to the conclusion that between the Federal Law of June 23, 2016 No. 182-FZ “On the Basics of Crime Prevention in the Russian Federation” and the Federal Law of January 17, 1992 No. 2202-1 “On the Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation” there are legal conflicts that require legislative permissions and settlements in law enforcement. The powers of the prosecutor’s office to coordinate the activities of law enforcement agencies to combat crime are analyzed. Several changes and additions to the current legislation of the Russian Federation, which regulates the issues of crime prevention, are proposed.
Application of a Corporate Fine to Legal Entities in the Republic of Finland
Authors: Fedorov Aleksandr V. ,   Leading Research Scientist of the Center of Criminal and Criminal Procedure Law
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the Finnish legislation on the criminal liability of legal entities, which consists in the application in court of a criminal sanction to a legal entity for a crime — a corporate fine. The general conditions for applying a corporate fine to legal entities are given; the procedural procedure and practice of bringing legal entities to criminal liability are considered.
Inclusive and Exclusive Legal Positivism: Establishment History and Conceptual Issues
Authors: Gorbunov Maksim D. ,   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the National Research
Published: July 2024

The article examines current trends in modern Anglo-American legal positivism — “inclusive” and “exclusive” positivism. A study of the memory of Herbert Hart as the founder of analytical trends and works, his critics and followers of the existence of the two named vectors. the determination between them takes place in the field of axiology and fundamental provisions that determine the judicial procedure from nonlegal arguments.
Improvement of the Budgeting Process in the Russian Federation Within the Framework of Treasury Support
Authors: Andreev Sergey A. ,   Head of a Structural Subdivision of Rostransmodernizatsiya Federal Public
Published: July 2024

In the article, the author presents problematic issues that arise in the budget process when implementing treasury support between customers and contractors during the design, construction (reconstruction) of capital construction projects within the framework of the execution of government contracts (agreements), ways to solve them and recommendations.
Reasoned Opinion of a Tax Authority: The Legal Nature and Opportunities for Appeal
Authors: Lyutova Olga I. ,   Leading Research Scientist of the Institute of State and Municipal Management
Published: July 2024

This article examines the legal nature of the motivated opinion of the tax authority as the final document adopted in the tax monitoring procedure, taking into account the tasks it solves, initially formulated by the legislator when introducing a new form of tax control. The author substantiates the possibility of judicial appeal of the motivated opinion of the tax authority in the context of its legal nature as a non-normative (individual) act. Taking into account the existing law enforcement practice, the author has attempted to assess ways to protect the rights of taxpayers in case of disagreement with the content of a reasoned opinion and the prospects for the development of legal regulation and law enforcement in this area.
On Implementation of the Main Areas of Informational Support of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia
Authors: Sadykova Regina A. ,   Research Scientist of the Center for Study of Issues of Management and Arrangement of Execution
Published: July 2024

The article reveals the directions of information support for the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. Special attention is paid to modern technologies that can be applied to optimize the work of institutions and bodies of the penal enforcement system of the Russian Federation. The challenges faced by the information systems of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia are analyzed. The conclusion is made about the need for further development of the information support system of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in accordance with the identified areas. The prospects for the development of automated systems and software complexes developed for the penal enforcement system of the Russian Federation are considered.
Role of charge exchange collision on generation of active species for cold plasma food processing
Authors: M. Perumal  , A. Saravanan  , B. Muthukumar  , Sinha Suraj Kumar
Published: July 2024

Charge exchange collision (CXC) is well known in solar and space plasmas. In this work, we present how the CXC between N2+ and N2 can be exploited to overcome major challenges in cold plasma food processing (CPFP). CPFP is an emerging application of glow discharge plasmas for physicochemical modifications to achieve shelf-life enhancement, preservation, surface activation for germination, antimicrobial treatment, surface cleaning, etc. The commercial application of CPFP is in its infancy and it faces two major challenges. The first challenge is the difficulty in generating the desired active species for the required modification, and the second is the very high processing cost. In this paper, with the help of numerical modeling for nitrogen discharge, we show that the CXC between N2+ and N2 can be utilized to generate active species selectively, enhance energy efficiency, and possibly eliminate the processing gas cost. The modeling is followed by experimental demonstration and validation of the proposed concept. This work may lead to a new direction of transdisciplinary research towards the commercial application of CPFP.
Patient Satisfaction with Electronic Sick Leave Certificates: Survey of Family Medicine Outpatient Clinics
Authors: Tušek Bunc Ksenija , Bobek Primož
Published: July 2024

Purpose: In Slovenia, the transition from paper-based to electronic sick leave certificates (hereafter referred to as eBOLs) started at the beginning of 2020. While paper sick leave certificates are still widely used worldwide, many European countries are already reaping the benefits of using the eBOL system. This survey aimed to determine patients' satisfaction with the new eBOLs and highlight the most significant advantages and disadvantages from the patient's viewpoint. 
Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted in Maribor, Slovenia, and the surrounding area to collect quantitative data from family medicine outpatient clinics. Two hundred and fifty patients were randomly selected among those receiving either paper or electronic sick leave certificates. The survey was conducted online with a web survey link and consisted of two parts. The first part included eight items measuring patients’ experiences with electronic and paper sick leave certificates, rated on a five-point Likert scale. The second part consisted of two multiple-choice questions regarding the advantages and disadvantages of eBOLs. The data were analysed using bivariate statistical analysis. 
Results: Out of the 250 patients invited to participate in the study, 80 responded, resulting in a response rate of 32%. The mean age of the participants was 46.2 ± 11.2 years, with 56 (70%) women and 24 (30%) men. After more than a year of usage, 57 (71.3%) respondents expressed complete agreement that the eBOL system makes it easier for patients to manage their sick leave. Furthermore, 55 (68.8%) participants considered eBOLs as a good alternative to paper sick leave certificates. Most participants (76 (95%)) considered avoiding additional outpatient visits to manage their sick leave as the most significant advantage of using eBOLs. However, 64 (80%) respondents expressed uncertainty about the data sent by the eBOL system as the most significant disadvantage. 
Summary: The survey results showed that patients were already significantly satisfied with the eBOL system when it was first introduced and that their satisfaction increased with continued use. A broader survey including a larger number of Slovenian outpatient clinics and capturing both patients' and doctors' opinions would provide more precise and broader insights into the newly introduced IT system's advantages and disadvantages and its users' satisfaction.
Hybrid fixation for repair of dual forearm fractures of adolescent patients: A case report and literature review
Authors: Movrin Igor
Published: July 2024

Purpose: To assess hybrid fixation as an alternative option for repair of dual forearm fractures of adolescent patients. 
Case presentation: An 11-year-old boy presented with trauma to his right forearm resulting from playing on a trampoline. X-ray examinations confirmed fractures of both the right ulna and radius. Closed reduction and internal ESIN (elastic stable intramedullary nailing) fixation was selected for repair of the radius. Closed reduction of the ulnar fracture was unsuccessful, thus open reduction was performed. However, due to instability of the ulnar fracture after open reduction, internal plate fixation of the ulna was selected. At 3 months after surgery, the patient demonstrated full range of motion with no pain.
Ventricular arrhythmias and cardiac arrest in aconitine poisoning: a case report
Authors: Cmor Nino , Razinger Gašper , Fluher Jure , Markota Andrej
Published: July 2024

In traditional Chinese medicine, aconitum plants and roots are frequently used after extensive processing to treat various ailments in humans. However, use of a larger than recommended dose and inadequate processing increase the risk of aconitine poisoning. As a result of its particular mechanism of toxicity, aconitine poisoning can present with a variety of arrhythmias, including ventricular ectopy, ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, and torsades de pointes. Meticulous arrythmia treatment is needed to restore sinus rhythm. We report a case of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) induced by accidental aconitine poisoning. Our case highlights the efficacy of amiodarone in treating aconitine-induced VAs. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first described cases of aconitine-induced VAs in Europe. Clinicians should be aware of potential rare toxicological causes of malignant arrhythmias and consider toxicological screening in otherwise etiologically unexplained sudden cardiac arrest.
Wykorzystanie technologii informacyjno-komunikacyjnych w mikro-, małych i średnich przedsiębiorstwach
Authors: Ratalewska Magdalena
Published: July 2024

Sektor kreatywny zaliczyć można niewątpliwie do jednego z najbardziej obiecujących sektorów gospodarki na świecie. W obszarze jego zainteresowań jest wiele różnych rodzajów działalności, które charakteryzują się innowacyjnością i wysokim potencjałem pracy twórczej. W jego obrębie wytwarza się nie tylko innowacyjne produkty czy usługi, lecz także powstają pomysły, z których korzysta tradycyjny biznes. Niewątpliwie sektor kreatywny wiedzie prym i wskazuje drogę rozwoju innym, mniej dynamicznie rozwijającym się gałęziom gospodarki. Cechuje go kreatywne wykorzystanie wiedzy, zdolność i chęć adaptacji nietypowych rozwiązań i zastosowania nowych technologii, tworzenie nowych modeli biznesowych, jak również otwartość na zmianę i chęć do partnerskiej współpracy. Rosnące znaczenie i przewodnia rola sektora kreatywnego ujawniają się nie tylko w jego wartości ekonomicznej czy coraz szerszym wpływie na społeczeństwo i kulturę.  
Warto zaznaczyć, że sektor kreatywny coraz częściej wytycza nowe wzorce zachowań biznesowych i działań, które inne sektory gospodarki powinny naśladować, szczególnie gdy chcą dalej istnieć na rynku, prężnie się rozwijać i osiągać sukces. Dodajmy do tego dynamicznie rozwijające się technologie informacyjno-komunikacyjne (ICT), które stworzyły niespotykane dotąd warunki wykorzystania przez przedsiębiorców sektora kreatywnego takich narzędzi, jak komputer, urządzenia mobilne i sieć internetowa. 
W prezentowanej monografii poddano analizie wpływ wykorzystywania technologii informacyjno-komunikacyjnych (ICT) na konkurencyjność oraz rozwój MSP sektora kreatywnego, a także ukazano zależności między charakterystyką właścicieli i cechami przedsiębiorstwa a wykorzystaniem tych narzędzi.
A POLÍTICA DE ALDEIAS COMUNAIS COMO PROPOSTA DE URBANIZAÇÃO DO MEIO RURAL NO MOÇAMBIQUE SOCIALISTA (1975-1986)
Authors: ARMANDO CARDOSO
Published: July 2024

O presente estudo versa sobre a política de aldeias comunais como proposta de urbanização do meio rural no Moçambique socialista (1975-1986). O objetivo é compreender o processo da implementação da política das aldeias comunais a partir da experiência da FRELIMO[1] nas zonas libertadas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, alicerçada no método bibliográfico. A pesquisa concluiu que em Moçambique, a política das aldeias comunais, por um lado, surge como forma de organização da população camponesa e de controle da mesma para facilitar o provimento de serviços sociais básicos. Por outro, tinha em vista a redistribuição inter-regional da população rural, tendo em conta uma relação equilibrada com os recursos naturais, a reorganização local das formas de assentamentos humanos rurais urbanizados e o abrandamento do êxodo rural que sufocava as cidades e as vilas em busca de melhores condições que o campo não oferecia.
 
 
[1] Frente de Libertação de Moçambique.
Risk-Based Asset Allocation in Factor Investing: Exploring the Inverse Factor Volatility Strategy
Authors: Perez Claudia
Published: July 2024

This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Inverse Factor Volatility strategy within the context of factor investing, comparing its performance to the conventional Risk Parity strategy. Using quantitative techniques, including portfolio construction and performance metrics analysis, this research employs data from five individual equities spanning the years 2000 to 2022. The methodology involves constructing portfolios based on Inverse Factor Volatility and Risk Parity principles and analyzing performance metrics, including mean returns, risk-adjusted returns, and drawdowns. The findings indicate that, compared to Risk Parity, Inverse Factor Volatility offers superior drawdowns, risk-adjusted returns, and mean returns. These results suggest that Inverse Factor Volatility may be a more effective strategy for portfolio management and could represent an advancement over traditional factor investing methods. The conclusions of this study hold significant implications for portfolio managers seeking to optimize their investment strategies.
Challenges and Opportunities in the Livestock Industry for higher productivity and sustainability: The case of Albania
Authors: Risilia Dori , Myslimi Grisejda
Published: July 2024

The livestock sector plays an important role in the economic development of the country. This sector is a source of income and employment for many Albanian families who live mainly in rural areas. A large part of the population in our country deals with livestock. But regardless of all the contributions that livestock makes to the food chain, financial sustainability, and the entire economy, this sector faces many challenges. Based on the literature review, a questionnaire to identify these challenges was constructed. The questionnaire contains questions with answers on the Likert scale, is addressed to livestock farmers in Albania, and serves to identify the main challenges affecting the livestock sector. The questionnaire divided the challenges of the livestock sector into five parts, including animal welfare and livestock production, sustainable practices and environmental sustainability, market challenges, information, communication technologies and livestock marketing challenges, and challenges of innovations in livestock production.
Animal welfare affects the productivity of the livestock sector. The risk of the spread of epidemic diseases and the high costs of vaccination and medications are a concern for Albanian farmers, who often have difficulties ensuring sustainable profits. In recent years, the livestock sector has faced high input costs. Lack of  infrastructure also hinders the efficiency of the livestock sector.
The need for sustainable practices and environmental sustainability demands more attention. While farmers want to adopt sustainable livestock methods, they face difficulties in implementing them. Unpredictable livestock prices complicate financial planning for farmers. In addition, small farms face challenges competing with larger ones. Farmers face difficulties in becoming part of new markets due to a lack of effective marketing channels. The lack of a labor force is the biggest challenge that the livestock sector in Albania is facing.
Innovation often serves to solve many problems in the livestock sector. Farmers use new technologies to increase livestock productivity. But the use of new technologies requires knowledge, which Albanian farmers often don’t have. They do not have the proper education to understand and apply these technologies. In conclusion, this paper aims to highlight the various problems faced by the livestock sector. Overcoming these problems by dealing directly with them can increase the productivity of the livestock sector, ensuring a better future for the industry.
Effect of reciprocal teaching on comprehension, attention, rapid naming and working memory
Authors: Öksüz Halil İbrahim , Akyol Hayati
Published: July 2024

This study aims to evaluate word callers attending the fourth grade of primary school in terms of rapid naming, verbal working memory, and attention skills, and to examine the effect of the reciprocal teaching approach on the development of word callers' reading comprehension skills. The study group consisted of 25 word callers and 21 independent readers. Fourth-grade students who are at the independent level in word recognition skills and at the level of frustration in reading comprehension skills are defined as word callers. On the other hand, students who are at the independent level in both word recognition and reading comprehension skills are defined as independent readers. According to the findings, difficulties in rapid naming, verbal working memory and attention skills are common characteristics of word callers. On the other hand, with the reciprocal teaching approach applied for 12 weeks, significant improvements were achieved in the reading comprehension skills of word callers. In this direction, it can be interpreted that the reciprocal teaching approach eliminated the difficulties experienced by word callers.
A consensualidade na execução penal: possibilidades e cautelas
Authors: Tomelin Claudia Braga , Oliveira José Roberto Pimenta
Published: July 2024

O artigo objetiva analisar a aplicação da consensualidade no âmbito da execução penal. Fundamenta-se em uma perspectiva pragmática do Direito Administrativo Sancionador, o qual tem a missão de tutelar o interesse público projetado no ordenamento jurídico em contextos marcados pela complexidade e dinamicidade das relações sociais. O estudo teve como metodologia a discussão de textos fundamentais sobre essa área do Direito e a consensualidade, com posterior pesquisa da legislação e métodos de utilização da consensualidade no contexto da execução penal, em especial o Termo de Ajustamento de Conduta. Como ponto de partida, defende-se que as sanções disciplinares devem ser compreendidas como instrumentos para a consecução das finalidades públicas que reclamam uma atuação estatal que supere a lógica binária lícito/ilícito, buscando soluções que produzam os melhores resultados para a sociedade. Argumenta-se que o sistema de punições e incentivos que perpassa a execução da pena privativa de liberdade deve levar em conta a potencial dupla função das sanções disciplinares: garantir ordem e disciplina sem deixar de promover a integração social do sentenciado. O texto conclui que a consensualidade pode ser um instrumento efetivo à disposição da administração penitenciária, mas impõe cautelas em sua aplicação, a fim de garantir que esse valioso instrumento realmente cumpra as finalidades que dele se esperam.
Hermenêutica do desenvolvimento: O direito ao desenvolvimento e suas funções de integração, de controle e de interpretação
Authors: Oliveira Danilo de
Published: July 2024

O presente texto[1] apresenta os fundamentos da juridicidade do fenômeno do desenvolvimento, compreendido como um direito humano fundamental, em dois âmbitos: no do direito internacional e no do direito brasileiro. Ainda, expõe algumas de suas características, verdadeiras diretrizes do seu bom entendimento (objetivos). Ele é fruto de uma pesquisa tendente a apresentar uma teoria hermenêutica do desenvolvimento (hipótese), motivada pelo debate persistentemente presente na Teoria do Direito, sobre qual seria o método adequado para, superando o da subsunção, a interpretação e aplicação das normas jurídicas que tenham como finalidade o reconhecimento, a tutela, a efetividade e, ainda, a otimização dos direitos humanos. Os métodos de coleta das informações foram o documental e o bibliográfico. O método de análise dos dados foi o da revisão crítico-narrativa. Do ponto de vista filosófico ou geral de abordagem, a presente pesquisa amparou-se no estruturalismo hermenêutico. (metodologia utilizada). Uma vez compreendido o desenvolvimento como um direito humano fundamental, pode-se enxergar três funções que possibilitam estruturar uma teoria hermenêutica do desenvolvimento (resultados alcançados). O direito humano fundamental ao desenvolvimento possui características e funções que sustentam uma Nova Hermenêutica, compatível com os anseios da efetividade e da otimização dos direitos humanos: a hermenêutica do desenvolvimento (considerações finais).
 
[1] Parte do presente texto, embora revista e aperfeiçoada, integrou originalmente a tese de doutoramento defendida pelo autor junto à Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP), intitulada “Uma Teoria Jurídica Hermenêutica Desenvolvimentista”, aprovada por banca avaliadora composta pelos Profs. Drs. Felipe Chiarello de Souza Pinto (Mackenzie), Fernando Reverendo Vidal Akaoui (UNISANTA), Vidal Serrano Nunes Júnior (PUC-SP), Wagner Balera (PUC-SP) e Motauri Ciocchetti de Souza (PUC-SP), orientador.
A previdência complementar como pilar da seguridade social
Authors: Raeffray Ana Paula Oriola de
Published: July 2024

O estudo promove a análise do papel da previdência complementar, de natureza privada, no sistema de seguridade social pautado pelo princípio da universalidade, a partir do modelo proposto pelo Banco Mundial, em 1994, por meio do Relatório “Aventing the Old Age Crisis”, fundado no sistema multipilares, que entrelaça o público e o privado para o oferecimento da proteção social na velhice. Objetiva-se com o estudo analisar a eficácia e atualidade do sistema multipilares, considerando-se a sustentabilidade dos sistemas de proteção previdenciária e as modificações sociais impostas pela necessidade de estabelecimento de uma economia sustentável. Para isso, passa-se pela atualização da visão do sistema multipilares, desde a sua proposição, analisando-se as características da previdência complementar, seu alcance e quais os meios para que haja a intensificação de sua cobertura. Constata-se que o sistema multipilares é imprescindível para a proteção social, devendo seu modelo original ser constantemente reavaliado pelos países, realizando-se adequações que gerem a sua aderência às necessidades sociais.
A proteção da pessoa com deficiência como ação afirmativa de inclusão
Authors: Benedetti Carla , Horvath Júnior Miguel
Published: July 2024

A Convenção Internacional sobre os Direitos da Pessoa com Deficiência, ratificado pelo Brasil pelo Decreto Legislativo nº 186, em 25 de agosto de 2009 trouxe novos marcos para o universo da pessoa com deficiência. Em seu art. 2º introduz novo conceito de pessoa com deficiência sob moldagem dos direitos humanos. Apresentando a deficiência como resultante da interação de limitação funcional com o meio. Sob tal conceituação, a deficiência não seria entendida como algo inerente à pessoa, mas como resultado dainfluência cultural e social, que obstrui a participação plena e efetiva da pessoa com deficiência na sociedade e em igualdade de condições com as demais pessoas. No mesmosentido, o Estatuto da Pessoa com deficiência visa assegurar políticas públicas que viabilizem o direito à moradia, assistência, previdência social, cultura, esporte, lazer, turismo, acessibilidade, comunicação e tudo que garanta uma existência digna e inclusiva à pessoa com deficiência. Como políticas afirmativas, tanto a Aposentadoria da Pessoa com Deficiência (APcD) como o Benefício de Prestação Continuada (BPC) – visam proteger e integrar a pessoa com deficiência na vida social.
Clinical Trials in Portugal: Past and Future. Position Paper from the Colleges of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Medicine
Authors: Borges-Carneiro Filipa , Torre Souto Miguel , Silva Isabel , Leão Moreira Paula , Ferraz de Oliveira Paula , Lopes Diogo José , Figueira Luís , Reina-Couto Marta , Cunha-Miranda Luís , Ponces Bento Diogo , Magro Fernando
Published: July 2024

N/a.
The importance of appetitive learning mechanisms in the development, maintenance, and treatment of addictive behaviors and disorders : An experimental psychopathology approach
Authors:   , Lörsch Frank
Published: July 2024

Learning theory has a rich history and long-standing tradition as an explanatory framework in behavioral science. Appetitive learning refers to the processes by which organisms learn associations between certain stimuli, behaviors, and rewards or positive outcomes. Together with neuroscientific models, appetitive learning provides a solid framework for understanding compulsive reward-seeking behaviors, also termed addictive behaviors. This dissertation aims to comprehensively investigate various aspects of appetitive learning mechanisms in human subjects using an experimental psychopathology approach. Four empirical studies underscore the significance of these mechanisms in the development, maintenance, and treatment of addictive behaviors and disorders. Study 1 examined the etiology of addictive disorders, finding that personality traits and characteristics linked to specific online behaviors significantly predicted conditioned emotional responses in the context of Internet-use disorders. Study 2 explored the maintenance of addictive behaviors and disorders, finding no evidence that acute stress exacerbated cue-induced instrumental responding for drug-associated rewards. Addressing potential sources of relapse, Study 3 demonstrated the occurrence of spontaneous recovery, thus challenging the long-term effectiveness of extinction-based therapies for addictive disorders. Additionally, predictors of this spontaneous recovery were investigated. Finally, Study 4 examined the effects of retrieval cues on the renewal of conditioned responses and found evidence that this strategy may potentially enhance the long-term effectiveness of extinction-based therapies. Together, the findings underscore the complex role of stress and conditioning in addictive behaviors and disorders, highlight the need to investigate individual differences in addiction-related learning processes and to use insights from modern learning theory to optimize cue exposure therapy for addictive disorders. Strengths of this dissertation include its comprehensive approach to understanding appetitive learning mechanisms in the context of addictive behaviors and disorders and the use of rigorous experimental methodology. However, limitations include the challenge of generalizing findings to broader populations. Implications for further theoretical and clinical research are derived from the results and limitations. Overall, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the learning processes in addictive behaviors and provides a foundation for the development of more precise and effective prevention and treatment strategies.
Religious Minority and Peaceful Coexistence: The Dynamics of the Ahmadiyya Community in Malang, Indonesia
Authors: Widiyanto Asfa , Setiawan Mohamad Nur Kholis , Rohmat Nur Fajriyah , Maesur Sidqon
Published: July 2024

The position of the Ahmadiyya is problematic since it claims to be a part of the Muslim community, but it is considered a deviant sect by the mainstream Sunni Muslims in Indonesia.  There has been persecution and violence towards this minority.  The violence towards the Ahmadiyya increased most notably after the issuance of a joint ministerial decree in 2008, which limits the activities and proselytization of the Ahmadiyya. Interestingly, although affected by the national and regional discourse on the Ahmadiyya, the Ahmadiyya community in Malang, East Java, still lives peacefully with other faith communities. By employing qualitative content analysis, the present study examines the dynamics of the Ahmadiyya as a religious minority in the context of a plural society in Malang, East Java. More specifically, it investigates two main research problems, namely the Ahmadiyya community’s agency in response to the limitation of their activities and the socio-political and socio-religious factors relatively supporting peaceful life of the Ahmadiyya community. This study reveals a distinct picture that stays in contrast to the majority of Ahmadiyya communities in Indonesia, which is often associated with discrimination and persecution.
Identification of Evaluation Results in E-Banking Services Transaction for Product Recommendation using the BIRCH and Davies Bouldin Index Method
Authors: Buananta Septian Eka Ady , Ahmad Muhammad Aliif , Mahmood Jamilah , Paradise Paradise
Published: July 2024

E-banking transaction services in the banking world include many products offered to customers. However, the existence of regulatory factors may limit the extent to which banks can promote e-banking services, especially in cases where promotions involve incentives or special offers. Besides, there is a need for data analysis that is used to help the process of recommending product promos from these services. Recommendations for this product promo can be known from the evaluation process of data collected from e-banking transaction services for purchases and payments. The clustering method suitable for providing significant and influential results compared to other methods is BIRCH, which is assisted by the Davies Bouldin Index method to determine the list of product groups with the lowest value. The results of this evaluation process show that data can be grouped based on which services have low levels of use. The services in question are Deposits, Credit Cards on Mobile Services, OVB, and Inter-Bank Transfers on Mobile Services. Therefore, this service can be used as a reference to increase product promotion by the bank.