bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dielectric, piezoelectric, and ferroelectric nanomaterials in the biomedical applications
Authors: Wang Fang , Huang Jun‐Yu , Zhang Hao , Shen Qun‐Dong
Published: July 2023

We have witnessed the flourish of bioelectronics, brain–computer interface, and brain science programme in recent decades. In this review, the up‐to‐date advances of dielectric, piezoelectric, and ferroelectric nanomaterials in the biomedical applications are summarised. Biomolecular detection methods have been developed, including dielectric‐gated field‐effect transistor, dielectrophoresis, non‐linear dielectric response, and optical tweezer. Endogenous bioelectricity is a crucial in cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, intracellular communication, neuronal activity, tissue growth. Piezoelectric and ferroelectric materials can be utilised as energy transducer to monitor physiological signal, such as blood pressure or respiration, and directly stimulate cell differentiation, neuronal regeneration, tissue repairment etc. They can also catalyse the electrochemical reaction of organisms through piezoelectricity. The intrinsic relevance between neuronal and ferroelectric polarisation signals inspires the application of the ferroelectrics in the modern intelligent bioelectronics like the artificial retina.
Numerical investigation on wake characteristics of floating offshore wind turbine under pitch motion
Authors: Tang Rundong , Cao Renjing
Published: July 2023

The floating offshore wind turbine platform is subject to six degrees‐of‐freedom motions due to the influence of wind, waves, and currents. To examine the impact of pitch motion on the wake characteristics of offshore wind turbines, this research focused on investigating the wind turbine wake under pitch motion using the RANS
model and the overset grid technique based on OpenFOAM. The simulation accounted for wind shear flow conditions and simplified the movements of the six degrees‐of‐freedom of floating platform. Results showed that the wind turbine wake recovery rate increased with pitch motion, and that the recovery rate increased with the frequency and amplitude of the pitch motion. The wind velocity recovery rate of near‐wake was sensitive to small amplitudes, while the far‐field wake was unaffected. When the amplitude was larger, pitch motion accelerated the wind velocity recovery rate in all wake areas, leading to more pronounced diffusion. These findings provide insight into the mechanism of wake generation and diffusion under pitch motion in floating offshore wind turbines and offer a basis for enhancing the wake deficit model of floating offshore wind farms.
GJ 806 (TOI-4481): A bright nearby multi-planetary system with a transiting hot low-density super-Earth
Authors: Palle E. , Orell-Miquel J. , Brady M. , Bean J. , Hatzes A. P. , Morello G. , Morales J. C. , Murgas F. , Molaverdikhani K. , Parviainen H. , Sanz-Forcada J. , Béjar V. J. S. , Caballero J. A. , Sreenivas K. R. , Schlecker M. , Ribas I. , Perdelwitz V. , Tal-Or L. , Pérez-Torres M. , Luque R. , Dreizler S. , Fuhrmeister B. , Aceituno F. , Amado P. J. , Anglada-Escudé G. , Caldwell D. A. , Charbonneau D. , Cifuentes C. , de Leon J. P. , Collins K. A. , Dufoer S. , Espinoza N. , Essack Z. , Fukui A. , Chew Y. Gómez Maqueo , Gómez-Muñoz M. A. , Henning Th. , Herrero E. , Jeffers S.V. , Jenkins J. , Kaminski A. , Kasper J. , Kunimoto M. , Latham D. , Lillo-Box J. , López-González M. J. , Montes D. , Mori M. , Narita N. , Quirrenbach A. , Pedraz S. , Reiners A. , Rodríguez E. , Rodríguez-López C. , Sabin L. , Schanche N. , Schwarz R.-P. , Schweitzer A. , Seifahrt A. , Stefansson G. , Sturmer J. , Trifonov T. , Vanaverbeke S. , Wells R. D. , Zapatero-Osorio M. R. , Zechmeister M.
Published: July 2023

One of the main scientific goals of the TESS mission is the discovery of transiting small planets around the closest and brightest stars in the sky. Here, using data from the CARMENES, MAROON-X, and HIRES spectrographs together with TESS, we report the discovery and mass determination of aplanetary system around the M1.5 V star GJ 806 (TOI-4481). GJ 806 is a bright (V ≈ 10.8mag, J ≈ 7.3 mag) and nearby (d = 12 pc) M dwarf that hosts at least two planets. The innermost planet, GJ 806 b, is transiting and has an ultra-short orbital period of 0.93 d, a radius of 1.331 ± 0.023 R⊕, a mass of 1.90 ± 0.17 M⊕, a mean density of 4.40 ± 0.45 g cm−3, and an equilibrium temperature of 940 ± 10 K. We detect a second, non-transiting, super-Earth planet in the system, GJ 806 c, with an orbital period of 6.6 d, a minimum mass of 5.80 ± 0.30 M⊕, and an equilibrium temperature of 490 ± 5 K. The radial velocity data also shows evidence for a third periodicity at 13.6 d, although the current dataset does not provide sufficient evidence to unambiguously distinguish between a third super-Earth mass (M sin i = 8.50 ± 0.45 M⊕) planet or stellar activity. Additionally, we report one transit observation of GJ 806 b taken with CARMENES in search of a possible extended atmosphere of H or He, but we can only place upper limits to its existence. This is not surprising as our evolutionary models support the idea that any possible primordial H/He atmosphere that GJ 806 b might have had would be long lost. However, the bulk density of GJ 806 b makes it likely that the planet hosts some type of volatile atmosphere. With transmission spectroscopy metrics (TSM) of 44 and emission spectroscopy metrics (ESM) of 24, GJ 806 b is to date the third-ranked terrestrial planet around an M dwarf suitable for transmission spectroscopy studies using JWST, and the most promising terrestrial planet for emission spectroscopy studies. GJ 806b is also an excellent target for the detection of radio emission via star-planet interactions.
The extremely high albedo of LTT 9779 b revealed by CHEOPS
Authors: Hoyer S. , Jenkins J. S. , Parmentier V. , Deleuil M. , Scandariato G. , Wilson T. G. , Díaz M. R. , Crossfield I. J. M. , Dragomir D. , Kataria T. , Lendl M. , Ramirez R. , Peña Rojas P. A. , Vinés J. I.
Published: July 2023

Context. Optical secondary eclipse measurements of small planets can provide a wealth of information about the reflective properties of these worlds, but the measurements are particularly challenging to attain because of their relatively shallow depth. If such signals can be detected and modeled, however, they can provide planetary albedos, thermal characteristics, and information on absorbers in the upper atmosphere.

Aims. We aim to detect and characterize the optical secondary eclipse of the planet LTT 9779 b using the CHaracterising ExOPlanet Satellite (CHEOPS) to measure the planetary albedo and search for the signature of atmospheric condensates.

Methods. We observed ten secondary eclipses of the planet with CHEOPS. We carefully analyzed and detrended the light curves using three independent methods to perform the final astrophysical detrending and eclipse model fitting of the individual and combined light curves.

Results. Each of our analysis methods yielded statistically similar results, providing a robust detection of the eclipse of LTT 9779 b with a depth of 115±24 ppm. This surprisingly large depth provides a geometric albedo for the planet of 0.80−0.17+0.10, consistent with estimates of radiative-convective models. This value is similar to that of Venus in our own Solar System. When combining the eclipse from CHEOPS with the measurements from TESS and Spitzer, our global climate models indicate that LTT 9779 b likely has a super metal-rich atmosphere, with a lower limit of 400× solar being found, and the presence of silicate clouds. The observations also reveal hints of optical eclipse depth variability, but these have yet to be confirmed.

Conclusions. The results found here in the optical when combined with those in the near-infrared provide the first steps toward understanding the atmospheric structure and physical processes of ultrahot Neptune worlds that inhabit the Neptune desert.
Fooled by Significance Testing: An Analysis of the LOVIT Vitamin C Trial
Authors: Sidebotham David
Published: July 2023

In this article, I discuss the potential pitfalls of interpreting p values, confidence intervals, and declarations of statistical significance. To illustrate the issues, I discuss the LOVIT trial, which compared high-dose vitamin C with placebo in mechanically ventilated patients with sepsis. The primary outcome – the proportion of patients who died or had persisting organ dysfunction at day 28 – was significantly higher in patients who received vitamin C (p = .01). The authors had hypothesized that vitamin C would have a beneficial effect, although the prior evidence for benefit was weak. There was no prior evidence for a harmful effect of high-dose vitamin C. Consequently, the pretest probability for harm was low. The sample size was calculated assuming a 10% absolute risk difference, which was optimistic. Overestimating the effect size when calculating the sample size leads to low power. For these reasons, we should be skeptical that vitamin C causes harm in septic patients, despite the significant result.

p-values and confidence intervals are probabilities concerning the chance of obtaining the observed data. However, we are more interested in the chance the intervention has a real effect on the outcome. That is to say, we are more interested in whether the hypothesis is true. A Bayesian approach allows us to estimate the false positive risk, which is the post-test probability there is no effect of the intervention. The false positive risk for the LOVIT trial (calculated from the published summary data using uniform priors for the parameter values) is 70%.

Most likely, high-dose vitamin C does not cause harm in septic patients. Most likely it has no effect at all. If there is an effect, it is probably small and most likely beneficial.
Von der Liebe
Authors: Jordan Wolfgang
Published: July 2023

In einem Gedicht und einer Fabel sind die wesentlichen philosophischen Theorien zur Liebe gefasst. Obwohl es viele Anknüpfungen zwischen der Liebe, dem psychischen Erleben und psychiatrischen Störungsbildern gibt, scheint die Liebe der Psychiatrie suspekt zu sein. Möglicherweise handelt es sich um einen Grundkomplex der Psychiatrie, sich nicht nur der Liebe zu entziehen, sondern darüber ebenfalls die grundlegenden Themen der Sexualität und Elternschaft psychisch Kranker auszuklammern.
Rhapsodien über Liebe, Begegnung und Gegnerschaft in der Psychiatrie
Authors: Leidinger Friedrich , Feld Thomas
Published: July 2023

Der Artikel untersucht die Möglichkeit der Liebe in der Psychiatrie vor dem Hintergrund ihrer Geschichte, ihrer Neigung zur Objektivierung und Ausgrenzung sowie unter dem Aspekt einer Philosophie der Begegnung und Gastfreundschaft.
Liebe und andere Gefühle auf der Bühne des therapeutischen Theaters. 40 Jahre Erfahrung in der Arbeit mit Menschen mit Schizophrenie
Authors: Cechnicki Andrzej , Bielańska Anna
Published: July 2023

Der Einsatz der Dramatherapie in der Behandlung von Menschen mit einer Schizophrenie in einer Theatergruppe, hat in Krakau eine Tradition von nahezu 40 Jahren. Die Vorbereitung der Aufführungen und Auftritte vor Publikum nutzen die aus dem Training sozialer Kompetenzen bekannten Inhalte. Es wird eine kurze Beschreibung der Entwicklung des „Psyche“-Theaters und seines Stellenwerts in einem gemeindebasierten umfassenden Behandlungsprogramm am Beispiel von Shakespeares „Ein Sommernachtstraum“ gegeben. Die Kasuistik einer Patientin, dient als Illustration, um die Bedeutung der Rolle im Theaterstück für die anschließende eingehende individuelle Psychotherapie zu reflektieren. Die Autoren unterstreichen die Attraktivität öffentlicher Vorstellungen in einem Krakauer Theater, die es ermöglichen, sie für Begegnungen mit jungen Menschen zu nutzen. Sie haben einen enormen pädagogischen Wert für den Abbau von Vorurteilen gegenüber psychisch kranken Menschen.
Liebe und Freundschaftsliebe als Voraussetzung für ein glückliches Leben und eine gelingende Gemeinschaft – Positionen aus der Philosophie der Antike
Authors: Vogt Sabine
Published: July 2023

Die vielfältigen Erscheinungsformen der Liebe lassen sich in verschiedenen Konzepten der antiken Philosophie nachzeichnen. Dabei treten zwei grundsätzliche und gegensätzliche Kategorien zutage: Asymmetrie und Symmetrie in der Beziehung zwischen zwei Menschen. Während asymmetrische Liebes-Formen das Potenzial der Nichterfüllung und daraus folgenden individuellen Verzweiflung in sich tragen, bieten symmetrische Formen der Liebe und Freundschaft bzw. ,Freundschaftsliebe‘, wie sie seit Aristoteles formuliert werden, die Chance einer gleichwertigen und gleichberechtigten Beziehung des gegenseitigen Austausches ,auf Augenhöhe‘ und bilden somit nicht nur eine Voraussetzung für ein glückliches Leben von Einzelnen, sondern auch die Basis für eine gelingende und gerechte soziale Gemeinschaft.
Isolated Superior Mesenteric Artery Dissection following Blunt Trauma: A Case Report
Authors: Shirakabe Katsudai , Kanzaki Masaki
Published: July 2023

Isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection (ISMAD) is rare, with symptoms ranging from asymptomatic to acute intestinal ischemia. Risk factors for ISMAD include hypertension, atherosclerosis, abnormal elastic fibers, and pregnancy. In the present case, blunt trauma, which has not been previously reported, was suggested as a risk factor. A 46-year-old man was brought to the emergency room after he was found unconscious after a motor vehicle collision. At presentation, he had no abdominal symptoms; however, on the fourth day of admission, he presented with severe abdominal pain and vomiting. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan revealed an ISMAD with associated intestinal ischemia and necrosis; hence, emergency surgery was performed. Herein, we report a case of ISMAD caused by blunt abdominal trauma.
How do professionals assess security risks in practice? An exploratory study
Authors: Harris William , Sadok Moufida
Published: July 2023

There are a number of standards and frameworks for security risk assessment; however, it appears that their application and adaptation to real organisational practices are rather limited. This paper reports some results from inquiries into risk assessment practices of security professionals in Ireland. The key findings show a lack of consensus on basic terminology when it comes to defining risk and risk assessment. The interviewed security professionals have developed varied approaches in practice and rather refer to their intuition and previous experiences. While the paper focuses on Ireland, the lack of consensus regarding the definition, and use of security terminology and practices, especially in the area of security risk management, is not necessarily limited to Ireland.
Estimation of reflection loss in a microwave absorbing material based on the laser speckle method
Authors: Dash Akshay K , Singh Priyanka P , Nath Ganeswar
Published: July 2023

Microwave absorption has received much attention due to its prospective implementation in the extenuation of electromagnetic interference (EMI). The effectiveness of any microwave absorbing material (MAM) is demonstrated by its dielectric dependent properties, such as electric permittivity, magnetic permeability and computed parameters like tangent loss, attenuation and reflection loss (RL) etc. RL is one of the special features of MAMs, allowing the quality of a MAM to be identified by its surface condition and the composition of the fabricated material. As a surface phenomenon, RL depends on factors such as the surface roughness, thickness of the layering of the material and the nature of the surface. The present work emphasizes the effect of surface roughness on RL, studied using the laser speckle technique (LST). Three different compositions of 10 wt%, 30 wt% and 50 wt% of two carbon-based natural fiber composites are studied for microwave absorption. The surface roughness of the material is analyzed, based on the scattering signal of laser speckles recorded in a digital storage oscilloscope. Further, the roughness of the same composition was recorded through a stylus-based profilometer and compared with the measurements from the LST. The results indicate the effectiveness of the laser contrast technique for determining the surface roughness in the design of stealth materials for EMI shielding applications. The RLs of the designed material are found to be greatly enhanced, having a larger surface roughness value with increasing wt%. The RL of the material with 50 wt% composition has been found to be −23.62 dB at 10.498 GHz. This result clearly indicates the applicability of the LST for the estimation of surface conditions to assess the suitability of MAMs in the design of stealth materials.
Vector-like lepton searches at a muon collider in the context of the 4321 model*
Authors: Guo Qilong , Gao Leyun , Mao Yajun , Li Qiang
Published: July 2023

A feasibility study is performed on the search for vector-like leptons (VLLs) at a muon collider in the context of the "4321 model", an ultraviolet-complete model with rich collider phenomenology and the potential to explain several recent existing B physics measurements or anomalies. Pair production and decays of VLLs lead to an interesting final state topology with multi-jets and multi-tau leptons. In this study, we perform a Monte Carlo investigation with various machine learning techniques and examine the projected sensitivity on VLLs over a wide mass range at a TeV-scale muon collider. We find that a 3 TeV muon collider with only

of data can be sensitive over the mass range of a VLL up to 1450 GeV in the "4321 model."
Slow-wave modulation analysis during states of unconsciousness using the novel tau-modulation method
Authors: Xie Tao , Wu Zehan , Foutz Thomas J , Sheng Xinjun , Zhu Xiangyang , Leuthardt Eric C , Willie Jon T , Chen Liang , Brunner Peter
Published: July 2023

Objective. Slow-wave modulation occurs during states of unconsciousness and is a large-scale indicator of underlying brain states. Conventional methods typically characterize these large-scale dynamics by assuming that slow-wave activity is sinusoidal with a stationary frequency. However, slow-wave activity typically has an irregular waveform shape with a non-stationary frequency, causing these methods to be highly unpredictable and inaccurate. To address these limitations, we developed a novel method using tau-modulation, which is more robust than conventional methods in estimating the modulation of slow-wave activity and does not require assumptions on the shape or stationarity of the underlying waveform. Approach. We propose a novel method to estimate modulatory effects on slow-wave activity. Tau-modulation curves are constructed from cross-correlation between slow-wave and high-frequency activity. The resultant curves capture several aspects of modulation, including attenuation or enhancement of slow-wave activity, the temporal synchrony between slow-wave and high-frequency activity, and the rate at which the overall brain activity oscillates between states. Main results. The method’s performance was tested on an open electrocorticographic dataset from two monkeys that were recorded during propofol-induced anesthesia, with electrodes implanted over the left hemispheres. We found a robust propagation of slow-wave modulation along the anterior–posterior axis of the lateral aspect of the cortex. This propagation preferentially originated from the anterior superior temporal cortex and anterior cingulate gyrus. We also found the modulation frequency and polarity to track the stages of anesthesia. The algorithm performed well, even with non-sinusoidal activity and in the presence of real-world noise. Significance. The novel method provides new insight into several aspects of slow-wave modulation that have been previously difficult to evaluate across several brain states. This ability to better characterize slow-wave modulation, without spurious correlations induced by non-sinusoidal signals, may lead to robust and physiologically-plausible diagnostic tools for monitoring brain functions during states of unconsciousness.
Kendall transfer entropy: a novel measure for estimating information transfer in complex systems
Authors: Wen Xin , Liang Zhenhu , Wang Jing , Wei Changwei , Li Xiaoli
Published: July 2023

Objective. Transfer entropy (TE) has been widely used to infer causal relationships among dynamical systems, especially in neuroscience. Kendall transformation provides a novel quantization method for estimating information-theoretic measures and shows potential advantages for small-sample neural signals. But it has yet to be introduced into the framework of TE estimation, which commonly suffers from the limitation of small sample sizes. This paper aims to introduce the idea of Kendall correlation into TE estimation and verify its effect. Approach. We proposed the Kendall TE (KTE) which combines the improved Kendall transformation and the TE estimation. To confirm its effectiveness, we compared KTE with two common TE estimation techniques: the adaptive partitioning algorithm (D-V partitioning) and the symbolic TE. Their performances were estimated by simulation experiments which included linear, nonlinear, linear + nonlinear models and neural mass models. Moreover, the KTE was also applied to real electroencephalography (EEG) recordings to quantify the directional connectivity between frontal and parietal regions with propofol-induced general anesthesia. Main results. The simulation results showed that the KTE outperformed the other two methods by many measures: (1) identifying the coupling direction under a small sample size; (2) the sensitivity to coupling strength; (3) noise resistance; and (4) the sensitivity to time-dependent coupling changes. For real EEG recordings, the KTE clearly detected the disrupted frontal-to-parietal connectivity in propofol-induced unconsciousness, which is in agreement with previous findings. Significance. We reveal that the proposed KTE method is a robust and powerful tool for estimating TE, and is particularly suitable for small sample sizes. The KTE also provides an innovative form of quantizing continuous time series for information-theoretic measures.
In situ measurement of relative attenuation length of
gadolinium-loaded liquid scintillator using source data at RENO experiment
Authors: Kim H.S. , Kim S.Y. , Choi J.H. , Choi W.Q. , Choi Y. , Jang H.I. , Jang J.S. , Joo K.K. , Kim B.R. , Kim J.Y. , Kim S.B. , Kim W. , Kwon E. , Lee D.H. , Lim I.T. , Pac M.Y. , Park I.G. , Park J.S. , Park R.G. , Seo H. , Seo S.H. , Seon Y.G. , Shin C.D. , Yang J.H. , Yeo I.S. , Yu I.
Published: July 2023

We present in situ measurements of the relative attenuation length of the gadolinium-loaded
liquid scintillator in the RENO (Reactor Experiment Neutrino Oscillation) detectors
using radioactive source calibration data.
We observed a steady decrease in the attenuation length of the Gd-LS in the RENO detectors
by ∼50% in about four years since the commissioning of the detectors.
3D printing of vascularized hepatic tissues with a high cell density and heterogeneous microenvironment
Authors: Fang Yongcong , Ji Mengke , Yang Yi , Guo Yihan , Sun Ruobin , Zhang Ting , Sun Wei , Xiong Zhuo
Published: July 2023

Three-dimensional bioprinting has emerged as an appealing approach for creating functional tissues; however, a lack of suitable bioinks with high cell density and printability has greatly limited our ability to print functional tissues. We address this limitation by developing a granular cell aggregate-based biphasic (GCAB) bioink based on densely packed cell aggregates. The GCAB bioink exhibited the desired shear-thinning and shear-recovery properties for extrusion bioprinting and hyperelastic behaviors postprinting for modeling the mechanical characteristics of soft biological tissues. The GCAB bioink displayed a high cell density (∼1.7 × 108 cells cm−3) without compromising viability (∼83%). We printed dense hepatic tissue constructs with enhanced vascularization and metabolic functions by preorganization of GCAB bioink with a defined heterogeneous microenvironment. By simultaneously printing the GCAB bioink and an endothelial cell-laden gelatin bioink, we successfully produced functional hepatic tissues with a high cell density and a perfusable vascular network. The design of the generalizable GCAB bioink opens new avenues to create functional tissues for therapeutic applications.
3D-biofabricated chondrocyte-laden decellularized extracellular matrix-contained gelatin methacrylate auxetic scaffolds under cyclic tensile stimulation for cartilage regeneration
Authors: Chen Yi-Wen , Lin Yen-Hong , Lin Tsung-Li , Lee Kai-Xing Alvin , Yu Min-Hua , Shie Ming-You
Published: July 2023

Three-dimensional (3D) hydrogel constructs can mimic features of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and have tailorable physicochemical properties to support and maintain the regeneration of articular cartilage. Various studies have shown that mechanical cues affect the cellular microenvironment and thereby influence cellular behavior. In this study, we fabricated an auxetic scaffold to investigate the effect of 3D tensile stimulation on chondrocyte behavior. Different concentrations of decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) were mixed with fish gelatin methacrylate (FGelMa) and employed for the preparation of dECM/FGelMa auxetic bio-scaffolds using 3D biofabrication technology. We show that when human chondrocytes (HCs) were incorporated into these scaffolds, their proliferation and the expression of chondrogenesis-related markers increased with dECM content. The function of HC was influenced by cyclic tensile stimulation, as shown by increased production of the chondrogenesis-related markers, collagen II and glycosaminoglycans, with the involvement of the yes-associated protein 1 signaling pathway. The biofabricated auxetic scaffold represents an excellent platform for exploring interactions between cells and their mechanical microenvironment.
Complexity of increasing knowledge flows: the 2022 Southwest Airlines Scheduling Crisis
Authors: Helmrich Alysha , Chester Mikhail , Ryerson Megan
Published: July 2023

The 2022 Southwest Airlines Scheduling Crisis, resulting in approximately 15 000 flight cancellations, demonstrates the challenges of structuring infrastructure systems and their knowledge-making processes for increasingly disruptive conditions. While the point-to-point configuration was the focus of immediate assessments of the failure, it became rapidly evident that the crew-assignment software was unable to operate effectively due to the scale of disruption. The airline failed to recognize environmental shifts associated with internal and external complexity, leaving operations vulnerable to a known potential risk: computer and telecommunications failures due to an extreme weather event resulting in knowledge systems failures. The cascading failures of the crisis emphasize the necessity to invest in adaptive capacity prior to catastrophic events and provide a lesson to other infrastructure managers pursuing resilience in the face of increasingly uncertain environments.
Equity of bike infrastructure access in the United States: a risky commute for socially vulnerable populations
Authors: Ermagun Alireza , Erinne Jacquelyn , Maharjan Sanju
Published: July 2023

This study examines the bike access risk gap (BARG) for commuting in the 50 most populated metropolitan areas in the United States and equips bike advocates with the knowledge and tools necessary to identify the priority areas that need bike infrastructure improvements and the well-connected low-stress bike infrastructure. The analysis (i) examines the average BARGs of metropolitan areas for twelve travel time thresholds, (ii) considers the temporal and spatial disparities of slightly and extremely risky bike infrastructure, and (iii) reveals the disproportionate exposure of socially vulnerable populations to extremely risky bike infrastructure for a journey to work. The results indicate that (i) few metropolitan areas are associated with slightly risky bike infrastructure, (ii) the exposure to extremely risky bike infrastructure becomes more likely as commute travel time increases, and (iii) African Americans, Hispanics, low-income, and carless households are disproportionally exposed to extremely risky bike infrastructure and yet are the least prioritized in urban planning and bike infrastructure investments. The findings offer insights for identifying areas in which constructing low-stress bike infrastructure on or near high-stress bike infrastructure narrows the BARG.
GCFMCL: predicting miRNA-drug sensitivity using graph collaborative filtering and multi-view contrastive learning
Authors: Wei Jinhang , Zhuo Linlin , Zhou Zhecheng , Lian Xinze , Fu Xiangzheng , Yao Xiaojun
Published: July 2023

Studies have shown that the mechanism of action of many drugs is related to miRNA. In-depth research on the relationship between miRNA and drugs can provide theoretical foundations and practical approaches for various areas, such as drug target discovery, drug repositioning and biomarker research. Traditional biological experiments to test miRNA-drug susceptibility are costly and time-consuming. Thus, sequence- or topology-based deep learning methods are recognized in this field for their efficiency and accuracy. However, these methods have limitations in dealing with sparse topologies and higher-order information of miRNA (drug) feature. In this work, we propose GCFMCL, a model for multi-view contrastive learning based on graph collaborative filtering. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt that incorporates contrastive learning strategy into the graph collaborative filtering framework to predict the sensitivity relationships between miRNA and drug. The proposed multi-view contrastive learning method is divided into topological contrastive objective and feature contrastive objective: (1) For the homogeneous neighbors of the topological graph, we propose a novel topological contrastive learning method via constructing the contrastive target through the topological neighborhood information of nodes. (2) The proposed model obtains feature contrastive targets from high-order feature information according to the correlation of node features, and mines potential neighborhood relationships in the feature space. The proposed multi-view comparative learning effectively alleviates the impact of heterogeneous node noise and graph data sparsity in graph collaborative filtering, and significantly enhances the performance of the model. Our study employs a dataset derived from the NoncoRNA and ncDR databases, encompassing 2049 experimentally validated miRNA-drug sensitivity associations. Five-fold cross-validation shows that the Area Under the Curve (AUC), Area Under the Precision-Recall Curve (AUPR) and F1-score (F1) of GCFMCL reach 95.28%, 95.66% and 89.77%, which outperforms the state-of-the-art (SOTA) method by the margin of 2.73%, 3.42% and 4.96%, respectively. Our code and data can be accessed at https://github.com/kkkayle/GCFMCL.
Emergency transcatheter aortic valve implantation with a self-expandable valve under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for cardiogenic shock due to bicuspid aortic stenosis: a case report
Authors: Osawa Takumi , Watabe Hiroaki , Hoshi Tomoya , Ieda Masaki
Published: July 2023

Background

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an established treatment for patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). However, the effectiveness of TAVI for patients with cardiogenic shock due to severe bicuspid AS, who require mechanical circulatory support, needs further investigation.

Case summary

A 64-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital with congestive heart failure secondary to severe AS and severe left ventricular dysfunction. After admission, he developed cardiogenic shock, further worsening his condition. The patient was placed on veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support and an intra-aortic balloon pump and transferred to our hospital. Cardiac computed tomography revealed a severely calcified type 1 bicuspid valve. The patient was deemed inoperable by our heart team. Therefore, an emergency transfemoral TAVI with a self-expandable valve was performed on Day 2. It significantly improved his haemodynamic stability. The patient was finally discharged on Day 29 without any neurological sequelae.

Discussion

Cardiogenic shock due to severe AS has poor prognosis. However, this case report demonstrates that TAVI could be the optimal treatment for haemodynamically unstable patients with severe AS who require mechanical circulatory support.
American Burn Association Strategic Quality Summit 2022: Setting the Direction for the Future
Authors: Parry Ingrid , Mandell Samuel P , Hoarle Kimberly A , Bailey John Kevin , Dissanaike Sharmila , Harrington David Tobin , Holmes James H , Cartotto Robert
Published: July 2023

The American Burn Association (ABA) hosted a Burn Care Strategic Quality Summit (SQS) in an ongoing effort to advance the quality of burn care. The goals of the SQS were to discuss and describe characteristics of quality burn care, identify goals for advancing burn care, and develop a roadmap to guide future endeavors while integrating current ABA quality programs. Forty multidisciplinary members attended the two-day event. Prior to the event, they participated in a pre-meeting webinar, reviewed relevant literature, and contemplated statements regarding their vision for improving burn care. At the in-person, professionally facilitated Summit in Chicago, Illinois, in June 2022, participants discussed various elements of quality burn care and shared ideas on future initiatives to advance burn care through small and large group interactive activities. Key outcomes of the SQS included burn-related definitions of quality care, avenues for integration of current ABA quality programs, goals for advancing quality efforts in burn care, and work streams with tasks for a roadmap to guide future burn care quality-related endeavors. Work streams included roadmap development, data strategy, quality program integration, and partners and stakeholders. This paper summarizes the goals and outcomes of the SQS and describes the status of established ABA quality programs as a launching point for futurework.
Cough syrup bottle at rectum in elderly male: a rare case report
Authors: Gupta Rakesh K , Kumar Abhijeet , Khanal Bhawani , Suraj K C , Lamichhane Samiksha
Published: July 2023

Foreign body in the anal canal may be inserted for sexual gratification or sexual assault or accidental or drug trafficking. We report a case of a male who accidentally inserted a cough syrup bottle in his rectum. Presentation is usually late due to fear and embarrassment. The manual attempt of removal may be tried under adequate anesthesia. Post-procedure sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy may be helpful to diagnose laceration or mucosal injury.
The translational repressor Glorund uses interchangeable RNA recognition domains to recognize Drosophila nanos
Authors: Warden Meghan S , DeRose Eugene F , Tamayo Joel V , Mueller Geoffrey A , Gavis Elizabeth R , Hall Traci M Tanaka
Published: July 2023

The Drosophila melanogaster protein Glorund (Glo) represses nanos (nos) translation and uses its quasi-RNA recognition motifs (qRRMs) to recognize both G-tract and structured UA-rich motifs within the nos translational control element (TCE). We showed previously that each of the three qRRMs is multifunctional, capable of binding to G-tract and UA-rich motifs, yet if and how the qRRMs combine to recognize the nos TCE remained unclear. Here we determined solution structures of a nos TCEI_III RNA containing the G-tract and UA-rich motifs. The RNA structure demonstrated that a single qRRM is physically incapable of recognizing both RNA elements simultaneously. In vivo experiments further indicated that any two qRRMs are sufficient to repress nos translation. We probed interactions of Glo qRRMs with TCEI_III RNA using NMR paramagnetic relaxation experiments. Our in vitro and in vivo data support a model whereby tandem Glo qRRMs are indeed multifunctional and interchangeable for recognition of TCE G-tract or UA-rich motifs. This study illustrates how multiple RNA recognition modules within an RNA-binding protein may combine to diversify the RNAs that are recognized and regulated.
A Descriptive Cohort Study of Drug Utilization Patterns Among Patients Hospitalized With Coronavirus Disease 2019 in the United States, January 2021–February 2022
Authors: Vititoe Sarah E , Govil Priya , Baglivo Aidan , Beebe Elisha , Garry Elizabeth M , Gatto Nicolle M , Lasky Tamar , Chakravarty Aloka , Bradley Marie C , Perez-Vilar Silvia , Rivera Donna R , Quinto Kenneth , Clerman Andrew , Rajpal Anil , Frajzyngier Vera
Published: July 2023

Background

There is a dearth of drug utilization studies for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treatments in 2021 and beyond after the introduction of vaccines and updated guidelines; such studies are needed to contextualize ongoing COVID-19 treatment effectiveness studies during these time periods. This study describes utilization patterns for corticosteroids, interleukin-6 (IL-6) inhibitors, Janus kinase inhibitors, and remdesivir among hospitalized adults with COVID-19, over the entire hospitalization, and within hospitalization periods categorized by respiratory support requirements.

Methods

This descriptive cohort study included United States adults hospitalized with COVID-19 admitted from 1 January 2021 through 1 February 2022; data included HealthVerity claims and hospital chargemaster. The number and distribution of patients were reported for the first 3 drug regimen lines initiated.

Results

The cohort included 51 066 patients; the most common initial drug regimens were corticosteroids (23.4%), corticosteroids plus remdesivir (25.1%), and remdesivir (4.4%). IL-6 inhibitors and Janus kinase inhibitors were included in later drug regimens and were more commonly administered with both corticosteroids and remdesivir than with corticosteroids alone. IL-6 inhibitors were more commonly administered than Janus kinase inhibitors when patients received high-flow oxygen or ventilation.

Conclusions

These findings provide important context for comparative studies of COVID-19 treatments with study periods extending into 2021 and later. While prescribing generally aligned with National Institutes of Health COVID-19 treatment guidelines during this period, these findings suggest that prescribing preference, potential confounding by indication, and confounding by prior/concomitant use of other therapeutics should be considered in the design and interpretation of comparative studies.
SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine-Induced Immune Responses Among Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients
Authors: Kokogho Afoke , Crowell Trevor A , Aleissa Muneerah , Lupan Ana-Mihaela , Davey Sonya , Park Chang Jun Bai , Baden Lindsey R , Walsh Stephen R , Sherman Amy C
Published: July 2023

Background

Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination reduces the risk and severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), several variables may impact the humoral response among patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Methods

A retrospective chart review was conducted among SARS-CoV-2-vaccinated HSCT recipients between 2020 and 2022 at a single center in Boston, Massachusetts. Patients age ≥18 years who received doses of Pfizer, Moderna, or J&J vaccines were included. Anti-spike (S) immunoglobulin G (IgG) titer levels were measured using the Roche assay. Responders (≥0.8 U/mL) and nonresponders (<0.8 U/mL) were categorized and analyzed. Multivariable linear and logistic regression were used to estimate the correlation coefficient and odds ratio of response magnitude and status.

Results

Of 152 HSCT recipients, 141 (92.8%) were responders, with a median (interquartile range [IQR]) anti-S IgG titer of 2500 (107.9–2500) U/mL at a median (IQR) of 80.5 (36–153.5) days from last dose, regardless of the number of doses received. Higher quantitative titers were associated with receipt of more vaccine doses (coeff, 205.79; 95% CI, 30.10 to 381.47; P = .022), being female (coeff, 343.5; 95% CI, −682.6 to −4.4; P = .047), being younger (<65 years; coeff, 365.2; 95% CI, −711.3 to 19.1; P = .039), and not being on anti-CD20 therapy (coeff, −1163.7; 95% CI, −1717.7 to −609.7; P = .001). Being male (odds ratio [OR], 0.11; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.93; P = .04) and being on anti-CD20 therapy (OR, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.70; P = .016) were associated with nonresponse.

Conclusions

Overall, most HSCT recipients had high SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses. More vaccine doses improved the magnitude of immune responses. Anti-S IgG monitoring may be useful for identifying attenuated vaccine-induced responses.
A proposed method of grading malaria chemoprevention efficacy
Authors: White N J , Bonnington C , Nosten F H
Published: July 2023

The efficacy and effectiveness of antimalarial drugs are threatened by increasing levels of resistance and therefore require continuous monitoring. Chemoprevention is increasingly deployed as a malaria control measure, but there are no generally accepted methods of assessment. We propose a simple method of grading the parasitological response to chemoprevention (focusing on seasonal malaria chemoprevention) that is based on pharmacometric assessment.
Telephone Triage Simulation in an Asynchronous Advanced Practice Nursing Course
Authors: Neuman Michelle E.
Published: July 2023

The use of simulation in advanced practice nursing programs is widespread; however, few simulations focus on telehealth skills. Those that do typically consist of synchronous activities. This article describes an innovative activity in an asynchronous course using the VoiceThread platform. The activity simulates a telephone triage call a family or pediatric nurse practitioner might receive in actual practice.
Optimal examined lymph node number for accurate staging and long-term survival in rectal cancer: a population-based study
Authors: Guan Xu , Jiao Shuai , Wen Rongbo , Yu Guanyu , Liu Jungang , Miao Dazhuang , Wei Ran , Zhang Weiyuan , Hao Liqiang , Zhou Leqi , Lou Zheng , Liu Shucheng , Zhao Enliang , Wang Guiyu , Zhang Wei , Wang Xishan
Published: July 2023

Background:

Although the recommended minimal examined lymph node (ELN) number in rectal cancer (RC) is 12, this standard remains controversial because of insufficient evidence. We aimed to refine this definition by quantifying the relationship between ELN number, stage migration and long-term survival in RC.

Methods:

Data from a Chinese multi-institutional registry (2009-2018) and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (2008-2017) on stages I–III resected RC were analysed to determine the relationship between ELN count, stage migration, and overall survival (OS) using multivariable models. The series of odds ratios (ORs) for negative-to-positive node stage migration and hazard ratios (HRs) for survival with more ELNs were fitted using a Locally Weighted Scatterplot Smoothing (LOWESS) smoother, and structural breakpoints were determined using the Chow test. The relationship between ELN and survival was evaluated on a continuous scale using restricted cubic splines (RCS).

Results:

The distribution of ELN count between the Chinese registry (n=7694) and SEER database (n=21 332) was similar. With increasing ELN count, both cohorts exhibited significant proportional increases from node-negative to node-positive disease (SEER, OR, 1.012, P<0.001; Chinese registry, OR, 1.016, P=0.014) and serial improvements in OS (SEER: HR, 0.982; Chinese registry: HR, 0.975; both P<0.001) after controlling for confounders. Cut-point analysis showed an optimal threshold ELN count of 15, which was validated in the two cohorts, with the ability to properly discriminate probabilities of survival.

Conclusions:

A higher ELN count is associated with more precise nodal staging and better survival. Our results robustly conclude that 15 ELNs are the optimal cut-off point for evaluating the quality of lymph node examination and stratification of prognosis.
A multicenter, single-arm, open study of neoadjuvant or conversion atezolizumab in combination with chemotherapy in resectable small cell lung cancer (neoSCI) (Cohort Study)
Authors: Duan Hongtao , Shi Liang , Shao Changjian , Wang Yuanyong , wang Zhaoyang , Ni Yunfeng , Zhao Jinbo , Sun Jianyong , Tong Liping , Lei Jie , Jiang Tao , Liu Zhe , Yan Xiaolong
Published: July 2023

Background:

This study aimed to investigate the prospects of using chemotherapy in combination with atezolizumab in the neoadjuvant or conversion treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC).

Methods:

Prior to surgery, untreated patients with limited-stage SCLC received 3 cycles of neoadjuvant or conversion atezolizumab combined with chemotherapy of etoposide and platinum. The primary endpoint of the trial was pathological complete response (pCR) in the per-protocol (PP) cohort. In addition, safety was assessed based on treatment-related adverse events (AEs) and postoperative complications.

Results:

Overall, thirteen of seventeen patients (including fourteen males and three females) underwent surgery. In the PP cohort, pCR and MPR were observed in eight (8/13, 61.5%) and twelve (12/13, 92.3%) patients, respectively. According to the intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, the pCR and major pathological response (MPR) in the ITT cohort were 47.1% (8/17) and 70.6% (12/17), respectively. In addition, an ORR of 100% was recorded in the PP cohort. Moreover, fifteen (15/17, 88.2%) patients and one (1/17, 5.9%) in the ITT cohort attained partial remission (PR), and complete remission (CR), respecstively, with an overall response rate (ORR) of 94.1%. The median OS of the patients of pCR and the median EFS of the patients on surgery had not achieved. However, the median OS of the patients of non-pCR was 18.2 months and the median EFS of the non-surgical patients was 9.5 months. During the neoadjuvant treatment, the incidence of grade 3 or higher AEs was 58.8% (10/17). Additionally, three patients (17.6%) developed immune-related adverse event (irAE, grade 1-2).

Conclusion:

In patients with SCLC, neoadjuvant or conversion atezolizumab combined with chemotherapy significantly improved pCR with manageable AEs. Therefore, this regimen may be considered a safe and effective treatment for SCLC.