bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for delayed and non-union following transfibular ankle arthrodesis
Authors: Kim Hyeon Soo , Shin Sung Jin , Kim Jin Woo
Published: February 2021

Background: This study was to identify risk factors associated with delayed union and non-union in patients who underwent transfibular ankle arthrodesis.

Methods: This study included 43 patients who underwent ankle arthrodesis using transfibular approach between January 2012 and September 2018 and were followed up for more than 12 months. The patients were divided into two groups according to delayed union or non-union. Group A included patients who had delayed union or non-union and Group B included patients without these complications. Variables that could contribute to non-union including etiologies, age, chronic renal failure, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, pre-operative talus bone quality, pre-operative angulation of the talus and fixation methods were evaluated.

Results: The mean time to bone union was 12.7±7.25 weeks. Group A included 12 patients with 5 cases of non-union and 7 cases of delayed union and group B included 31 patients. Infection of the ankle joint (OR, 1.73; p=0.041) was risk factor for non-union and delayed union on the basis of multivariate analysis.

Conclusions: We concluded that infection of the ankle joint is the most significant risk factor for delayed union and nonunion in our study. Careful attention should be paid preoperatively, intraoperatively and postoperatively to patients who have this risk factor to obtain a satisfactory surgical outcome.
GÊNEROS DISCURSIVOS, NARRATIVIDADE E EXOTOPIA EM PRÁTICAS DE LETRAMENTO NA FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DE PROFESSORES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA
Authors: Bertolli Sarah Suzane , Costa Alexandre
Published: February 2021

Neste artigo, discutimos o papel da narratividade na emergência do excedente de visão (BAKHTIN, 2011) em práticas e eventos discursivos no processo de formação inicial de professores. Focalizamos conjuntos de textos produzidos por estudantes na disciplina de estágio curricular obrigatório da licenciatura em língua portuguesa, com especial atenção a seus efeitos exotópicos. As práticas acadêmicas sob exame são atividades centrais desta etapa no curso de graduação e, em grande medida, caracterizam-se pela produção, distribuição e consumo de gêneros discursivos específicos (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001; BAKHTIN, 2010). O programa pedagógico da disciplina é desenhado para focalizar mais as práticas do que seus produtos textuais, tomando em consideração os processos de representação, partilha e interpretação dos enunciados resultantes das atividades de escrita, leitura e discussão de memoriais de formação escolar e diários de observação. Nesse sentido, buscamos descrever, sistematizar e interpretar processos dialógicos de interpelação subjetivantes e objetivantes e seus efeitos de responsividade e de responsabilidade resultantes da emergência de textos memoriais com conotações narrativas (BAKHTIN, 2010). Constatamos que essas atividades produzem acúmulos de excedentes de visão (exotopias) individuais e coletivos para o grupo de estudantes, permitindo conhecer e operar a escrita de si no jogo de vozes da escritura e suas configurações identitárias resultantes da relação autor/personagem.
DA UTOPIA À TERCEIRA VIRADA DISTÓPICA: UM BREVE PANORAMA
Authors: Marks de Marques Eduardo , Wickboldt Buchweitz Wendel
Published: February 2021

O presente trabalho busca traçar um breve panorama das chamadas ‘viradas distópicas’ propostas pelo crítico Gregory Claeys (2010), visando discutir os principais momentos da distopia enquanto tendência literária desde suas origens no século XIX até a contemporaneidade. Clayes propõe duas ‘viradas’ como momentos importantes do gênero distópico. O pesquisador brasileiro Eduardo Marks de Marques (2013), contudo, propõe uma ‘terceira virada distópica’, na qual, segundo o autor, é ler distopias contemporâneas como sintoma de angústias específicas em relação à tecnologia. O objetivo deste artigo é, portanto, não somente traçar um pequeno panorama da distopia enquanto gênero literário, mas também discutir a importância da terceira virada distópica proposta por Marks de Marques.
Technique for assessing the probability of survival of structural members with delaminations
Authors: Chernyakin S. A.
Published: February 2021

The paper presents a technique of quantitative assessment of probability of failure-free operation of composite structures containing an ensemble of defects in the form of delamination. This method is based on approaches of general reliability theory. The proposed method was validated relative to the assessment of reliability of a composite conical bay with multiple delaminations generated under loads at the stage of inserting the launch vehicle into orbit. The statistical dynamic problem was solved by using Monte Carlo method which was implemented by means of algorithms developed by the author in ANSYS software. Nonlinear analysis of the conical bay buckling was carried out for each implementation. Quantitative assessment of survival probability was conducted on the basis of the hypothesis of the law of Gaussian distribution of load-bearing capacity and using the graphical method of reliability calculation. Good agreement of the results obtained by both methods was noted.
Designing of minimum mass airframes under several loadings
Authors: Danilin A. I.
Published: February 2021

We discuss the features of optimal force transfer in a thin-walled structure and use them to develop a method for defining the distribution of material over the structure elements for minimizing its volume. The suggested method works with one or several external loadings and allows one to determine the optimal structure and to recognize the phenomenon of Razani in which a structure with unequal stresses due to several loadings is more light-weight than a fully- stressed one. Using the developed method, we solved the original Razani problem and applied it for the optimization of the wing structure of a novel hypersonic airplane. It is shown that the determined material distribution is 8.78% lighter than that in a conventionally fully-stressed structure.
Pressing of porous bodies made of MR wire material
Authors: Ermakov A. I. , Davydov D. P. , Shchemelev V. I. , Lazutkin G. V.
Published: February 2021

The paper presents a solution to the problem of determining the basic equation for pressing of porous bodies made of MR material that relates not only the molding pressure to the MR density, but also other physical parameters, including the technological parameters of blank formation. The paper outlines the basic assumptions of the theory of compression molding of items made of MR fibrous material. It has been proved that the ideal process of pressing porous bodies contains two stages for a range of relative densities [0,15; 0,7]. The basic equation of pressing of MR products was determined. It was proved that the equations of ideal pressing (in the absence of external friction forces) have the form of power-law dependences of the molding pressure on the density of the porous body. The power function of hardening of the wire material in the press was obtained. An experimental test of the hypotheses put forward and the assumptions made was carried out, which showed their validity. The obtained theory of axisymmetric pressing of fiber bodies and the obtained basic equation for pressing the MR material can be extended to various types of pressing modes and product shapes. The results of the performed theoretical and experimental studies, as well as their generalization, can serve as a basis for studying mass molding of porous bodies made of fiber materials, taking into account the uneven distribution of density over the volume.
Утилитаризм vs бескорыстие: коллизии эпистемологического дискурса под патронажем кесаря-политарха
Authors: Васечко Вячеслав Юрьевич
Published: February 2021

Рассмотрены отличительные признаки социокультурной и эпистемологической ситуации, в которой находится субъект, профессионально занимающийся естественными науками и математикой в политарном обществе. Один из элементов этой ситуации – напряженные, конфликтные взаимоотношения между учеными и административно-бюрократическим аппаратом, находящимся в подчинении у реального главы государства, обозначенного как кесарь-политарх. Если задача ученых – приобретение все более точного и адекватного знания о строении и развитии материального мира и методах достижения такого знания, то машина административной власти, обычно реализующая установки своего лидера, во главу угла ставит максимальный контроль над процессом и результатами всякого серьезного теоретического и эмпирического исследования. Для правителя главной жизненной целью всегда остается сохранение и усиление собственной самодержавной власти, и потому все и вся он расценивает под углом зрения того, насколько данная вещь служит этой цели. Весь свой утилитаризм, прагматизм, субъективизм политарх экстраполирует на идеальную сферу. Напротив, максима бескорыстия, становясь этической нормой эпистемологического дискурса, объединяет искателей истины в особую корпорацию типа Республики ученых или Невидимого колледжа.
Парадокс гедонизма как средство обоснования морали
Authors: Прокофьев Андрей Вячеславович
Published: February 2021

Обоснование морали представляет собой поиск аргументов, которые могли бы продемонстрировать необходимость соблюдения моральных требований тому человеку, который сомневается в ней. Так как под моральным скептиком понимается убежденный гедонист, то обоснование морали тесно связано с доказательством противоречивости гедонизма. Один из способов такого доказательства апеллирует к «парадоксу гедонизма»: стремление получить наибольшее удовольствие не ведет к максимальной интенсивности приятных переживаний, в то время как достижение других целей может ее обеспечить. Автор реконструирует предысторию парадокса гедонизма в античной этике (в концепции «чистых удовольствий» Платона, в аристотелевском представлении о «попутном» характере удовольствия и в эпикурейском учении о дружбе), а также его прямое обсуждение новоевропейскими мыслителями: Джозефом Батлером, Джоном Стюартом Миллем, Генри Сиджвиком. В завершении представлен анализ использования парадокса в качестве первого шага обоснования морали, на котором у морального скептика должно возникнуть убеждение в существовании объективно значимых жизненных целей (среди примеров – моральная философия Пола Блумфилда и Питера Сингера).
К вопросу о модальностях сопряжения и разграничения канонического права и права государственного
Authors: Исидор (Тупикин Р.В.), митрополит Смоленский и Дорогобужский
Published: February 2021

Автор исследует и объясняет природу, особенности и способы влияния церковного канонического права на право государственное, а также показывает причины научного интереса к этим вопросам. По мнению автора, влияние канонического права (Lex Canonica) на право государственное прежде всего проявляется в признании государственными судебными органами норм канонического права и решений религиозных судов религиозных организаций. Поэтому в статье исследована обширная современная судебная практика (США и Канады), показывающая признание судами (государством) автономной исключительной компетенции за религиозными организациями в истолковании норм канонического права. Сделан вывод о различности права государственного и права церковного (Lex Canonica) по природе, источниковой основе, структуре и онтологии, но, вместе с тем, по мнению автора, эти две нормативные системы сложным образом взаимодействуют, взаимно влияют друг на друга.
APRESENTAÇÃO - O SERTÃO À ESPREITA
Authors: CARDOSO ANTONIO ALEXANDRE ISIDIO , RIBEIRO JAKSON DOS SANTOS , MORAES JONAS RODRIGUES DE
Published: February 2021

Boa leitura!
Reconstructive surgeries on the larynx and cervical trachea in children
Authors: Razumovsky A. Yu. , Strizhova D. N.
Published: February 2021

Introduction. One of the urgent problems in pediatric surgery and otorhinolaryngology is stenosis of the upper respiratory tract in children. Among many causes leading to airway narrowing , basic ones are: cicatricial stenosis, bilateral vocal cord paralysis and volumetric formations.Diagnostics. Currently, fibroscopy of the upper respiratory tract is a gold standard of this pathology examination.Methods. There are many surgical techniques to treat upper airway stenosis, but currently there is no any unified approach to the choice of surgical tactics. The given article presents an overview on modern techniques of reconstructive surgery which have demonstrated good and excellent results and a high percentage of decannulation. Among them, there are two basic ones - endoluminal surgery and open surgery. Recently, reports on the effectiveness of microsurgical interventions have been published , namely, reinnervation of the larynx to restore vocal cords. The most effective endoscopic surgeries in pediatrics are balloon dilation, bougienage and CO2- laser treatment. Patients with stenosis of stages III-IV, with extended stenosis, marked laryngomalacia, larynx and trachea deformity because of unsuccessful previous surgeries are recommended to have open reconstructive surgery. Laryngoplasty, laryngoplasty with T-tube and crico-tracheal resection are regarded as a choice option in case of ineffective previous surgeries.Conclusion. Thus, type of surgical intervention, indications and patient’s age for surgery are chosen individually for each patient with upper respiratory tract stenosis.
Extracorporeal detoxification techniques in septic complications in children at the acute stage of severe combined injury
Authors: Novikova T. A. , Amcheslavskiy V. G. , Ivanova T. F. , Eletskaya E. V.
Published: February 2021

Relevance. The given literature review analyzes current approaches to the extracorporeal detoxification (ECD) in ICU in patients with sepsis. In case of severe polytrauma in a child, anatomical and physiological features of his/her organism, marked severity and rapid progression of multiple organ failure as well problems in taking anamnesis put specialists into a challenging situation. A pathogenetically differentiated approach to the choice of extracorporeal detoxification technique in the complex treatment of sepsis – with respect to the syndrome of endogenous intoxication - will increase the effectiveness of therapeutic measures of intensive care in children at their acute stage after severe combined injuryObjective. To improve outcomes in children at the acute stage of severe combined injury by applying differentiated techniques for extracorporeal detoxification in septic complications .Material and methods. The most common techniques were analyzed: hemosorption, plasmapheresis, prolonged veno-venous hemofiltration and hemodiafiltration.Results. A large number of works have been published which confirm ECD effectiveness in adult patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. However, in the available literary sources, there are almost no information on the differentiated approach to various ECD techniques in children with severe combined injury who have traumatic endotoxicosis and multiple organ failure. Conclusion. Clinical trials and prospective researches on practical aspects of extracorporeal treatment in pediatrics are priority and compulsory because of the gained world experience of its application in patients with septic endotoxicosis. This impels towards further clinical researches in this direction.
Manipulations and Spins in Attention Disorders Research: The Case of ADHD and COVID-19
Authors: Ophir Yaakov , Shir-Raz Yaffa
Published: February 2021

This article raises awareness to manipulations and “spins” that occur in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) research. An in-depth inspection was conducted on a high-profile study that suggested that ADHD is a risk factor for infection with COVID-19 and that stimulants reduce that risk (Merzon et al., 2020b). Two additional studies by the same first author were inspected as well, one that was published in the same journal and one that relied on the same dataset. Seven manipulations and spins were identified, including inappropriate operational definitions, misrepresentations, and omissions that produced bogus results and might have concealed potential adverse effects of medications. These distortions illustrate how biased science can contribute to the ethically problematic phenomena of overdiagnosis and overmedication.
ОЧУВАЊЕ ЈЕЗИКА И КУЛТУРЕ У МУЛТИКУЛТУРНОЈ ЗАЈЕДНИЦИ
Authors: Клеменовић Јасмина , Будински Доротеа
Published: February 2021

Савремено друштво из дана у дан постаје све више мултикултурално. Глобализација мења начин на који доживљавамо свој национални идентитет и културну припадност, а поред тога мења и начин на који доживљавамо друге људе, њихову културну припадност и идентитет. Питање мултикултуралности је постало у великој мери помодно питање и због тога са собом носи површност и непрецизност. Поред тога сведоци смо све веће асимилације култура и запостављања језика националних мањина. У мултикултуралним заједницама долази до пораста етно-језичких мешовитих бракова, што са собом повлачи питање васпитања и образовања деце из етно-језичких породица. Потребно је да припадници различитих култура изграде свој властити културни идентитет и да прихвате своју различитост, а након тога да науче да исто тако поштују и прихватају различитост других људи из своје заједнице. У раду се анализира мултикултурално и интеркултурално образовање у функцији очувања русинског језика и културе.
ТЕАТРАЛЬНЕ МИСТЕЦТВО В СЕРЕДОВИЩІ МІЖВОЄННОЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ПОЛІТИЧНОЇ ЕМІГРАЦІЇ В ЮГОСЛАВІЇ
Authors: Власенко Валерій
Published: February 2021

У статті на основі чеського, українського і сербського архівів та української емігрантської преси висвітлено театральне мистецтво української політичної еміграції в Югославії в період між Першою та Другою світовими війнами. Визначено, що організаторами вистав були українські театральні товариства, громадські організації та їхні підрозділи (театральні гуртки, секції, аматорські трупи). Охарактеризовано репертуар та склад театральних труп. Акцентовано увагу на участі професійних театральних акторів та відомих громадських діячів у діяльності театральних труп.
НОМАДСКА СУДЬБА РУСНАЦОХ У МИТУ ЗАВИЧАЮ МИХАЙЛА КОВАЧА
Authors: Римар Симунович Ана
Published: February 2021

У роботи анализуєме номадску судьбу Руснацох у Ковачовим миту завичаю. Укажеме як Ковачово записи з дньовнїкох, автобиоґрафски записи Длугока драга номадска, историйни есей Селїдби и дзелїдби, вєдно зоз його литературнима дїлами творя нєрозлучуюцу цалосц хтору повязує мотив номадскей судьби. Представиме Ковачов попатрунок на селїдби як одлучуюцу хвильку у живоце Руснацох, як и його порученє же би ше и у тих хвилькох зачувала свидомосц о своїм походзеню, пренєсло традицию, язик и виру до нового простору, односно же би тот нови простор сакрализовало и пренєсло тоту свидомосц на идуци ґенерациї.
The "Super-Network": Fostering Interaction Between Human Rights and Climate Change Institutions
Authors: Schapper Andrea
Published: February 2021

This article contributes to understanding unique forms of actor constellations and their tactics in fostering institutional interaction. It explores interaction processes between the human rights and the climate regime, and more specifically, the incorporation of human rights in the 2015 Paris climate agreement. During the Paris negotiations, an inter-constituency alliance comprised of environmental movements, human rights organizations, gender activists, indigenous peoples’ representatives, trade unions, youth groups and faith-based organizations successfully lobbied for the incorporation of rights principles into the new climate instrument. I argue that this alliance can be grasped as a "super-network", a network above several individual transnational advocacy networks (TANs), that works across policy fields and uses information, symbols and stories, as well as accountability and leverage politics to foster interaction between a source institution (human rights regime) and a target institution (climate regime). By employing a package approach, which reiterates a core message of common principles individual networks have agreed on, the "super-network" changed the practices of governments in international negotiations and fostered inter-institutional interaction. Empirically, my research is mainly based on expert interviews and participatory observations at the strategic meetings of TANs at three different climate negotiations in Warsaw (2013), Paris (2015) and Bonn (2017), including follow-up skype interviews with key experts between 2013 and 2020.
GOVERNANCE & SHARIA ISSUES IN INVESTMENT ACCOUNT
Authors: Syamlan Yaseer Taufik
Published: February 2021

Corporate Governance and Sharia Governance has been the main key of the existence of Islamic finance industry. Recently there are some issues which related to governance which are sharia arbitrage, Investment account holder treatment and the need of professional ethic for Sharia Supervisory Board member. These three issues if in the future can be managed properly will take the industry forward. But, the practice of good corporate and sharia governance still based on the Islamic Finance discretion. Since the Islamic finance industry still growing, the carefulness in conducting all transaction with a spirit of good corporate and sharia governance will be benefit to the development of industry in the future.
Laparotomy Exploration In Pediatric With Severe Thrombocytopenia: A Report
Authors: Vitraludyono Rudy , Utariani Arie
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Perioperative bleeding in patients was a serious problem in the exploration of laparotomy, especially in severe thrombocytopenia patients. In addition, spontaneous bleeding often occurs in patients who have a platelet count of less than 10 to 20.109 cells. L-1 blood. When surgery must be performed on a patient with platelet counts < 50.109 cells L-1, platelet concentrate was urgently needed to be transfused during induction of anesthesia. Benefits and risks of transfusion before surgery had to be done on a per-patient basis. The available data was very limited in informing perioperative management of patients with thrombocytopenia. However, there have been previous reports of surgery cases in 66-year-old patients with a history of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and diagnosed with acute appendicitis related to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), showing excellent postoperative hemostasis. Another one, a seven-year-old boy who has a severe refractory case of ITP with very low platelet counts was referred to urgent splenectomy performed without increase platelet counts before, and then the patient underwent plasma exchange (PE) after surgery. Those reports aimed to present 2 cases of laparotomy exploration in pediatric patients with severe thrombocytopenia. Case Report: The first laparotomy exploration was conducted on an 11-year-old boy who suffered acute perforated appendicitis. The patient obtained general anesthesia with intubation. The second laparotomy exploration was conducted on a 1-month-old baby boy with a weight of 3400 grams who suffered bowel low-level obstruction suspect Hirschsprung disease. The patient also obtained general anesthesia with intubation. Discussion The general anesthesia with oral intubation was successfully afforded to both patients for the laparotomy exploration with the preoperative condition under severe thrombocytopenia with receiving platelet transfusion therapy before surgery. Complications of spontaneous bleeding at the time of intubation were not found, no bleeding-difficult-intubation during surgery, and no symptoms of spontaneous bleeding were found. Postoperatively, platelet levels gradually improved. Conclusion: Exploration of laparotomy in patients with severe thrombocytopenia can be carried out with the support of platelet transfusion and providing general anesthesia with oral intubation to patients.
Systematic Review Comparison of Endotracheal Intubation Success Rate Using McGrath® Mac Videolaryngoscope with Direct Laryngoscope (Macintosh): A Manikin Studies
Authors: Auliyah Dicha Niswansyah , Airlangga Prananda Surya , Herawati Lilik
Published: February 2021

Introduction: McGrath® MAC videolaryngoscope is a single-handed device designed to facilitate intubation in patients both in patients with normal airway conditions (without any complications) or airway conditions with complications such as cervical spine and/or anatomic abnormalities. Objective: This study aims to compare McGrath® MAC videolaryngoscope and direct laryngoscope using Macintosh blades as learning material or study simulators for medical personnel (including anesthesiologist and paramedics) and novice operator (medical students). Method: this study is a systematic review using the PRISMA method which was carried out systematically. Data was collected through Pubmed, direct science, EBSCOHost, and Proquest using the keywords ‘airway management ', ‘laryngoscopy', and 'manikin'. Journal included based on published publication time between 2008 and 2020, a study using SimMan Laerdal Airway manikin, a journal discussing intubation using McGrath® MAC videolaryngoscope and direct laryngoscope with Macintosh blades here, where it is normal airway (without complications) and difficult airway. Results: 1556 journals were collected through 4 journal search sites and then carried out a screening process for the publication year approved in 2008 to 2020. Four studies use adult manikin SimMan Laerdal Airway including 247 participants were included in this systematic review. Conclusion: Based on journals that have been reviewed, McGrath® MAC videolaryngoscope provides better and superior results compared to Macintosh in terms of the success rate and visualization of glottis. Also, the intubation time using McGrath® MAC videolaryngoscope is shorten compared to Macintosh both on the normal airway (without complication) and difficult airway. The participants (medical personnel and novice operators) in all studies that reviewed prefer to use McGrath® Mac videolaryngoscope instead of using direct laryngoscope with Macintosh blade for Endotracheal Intubation mainly used for learning or study simulators.
The Role of “Robotic Assisted Intensivist” As Solution Of Resources Management In Covid-19 Pandemic Era
Authors: Veterini Anna Surgean , Semedi Bambang Pujo , Prakoeswa Cita Rosita Sigit , Tinduh Damayanti
Published: February 2021

Providing expertise in the care of critically ill patients is one of the main needs of critical care medicine, especially in the COVID-19 pandemic era. This goal is particularly challenging, given the acknowledged shortage of intensive care specialists. We need the bedside nurse to have real-time access to get continuous reporting monitoring. The intensivist also has access to bed site examination at some time when they are not possible for coming to the intensive care unit (ICU). The big problems during COVID-19 are the limited personal protective equipment, the limited number of intensivist doctors, and the nature of the disease was very contagious and deadly. It is necessary to find a solution so as not to cause new problems, namely the death of medical staff and nurses due to frequent contact with Covid-19 patients. In this article, the author wants to open a view to getting solutions to problems in the field by presenting human replacement technology.
The Dirac Electron Consistent with Proper Gravitational and Electromagnetic Field of the Kerr-Newman Solution
Authors: Burinskii Alexander
Published: February 2021

We consider the Dirac electron as a nonperturbative particle-like solution consistent with its own Kerr-Newman (KN) gravitational and electromagnetic field. We develop the earlier models of the KN electron regularized by Israel and López, and consider the non-perturbative electron model as a bag model formed by Higgs mechanism of symmetry breaking. The López regularization determines the unique shape of the electron in the form of a thin disk with a Compton radius reduced by 4π. In our model this disk is coupled with a closed circular string which is placed on the border of the disk and creates the caused by gravitation frame-dragging string tension produced by the vector potential of the Wilson loop. Using remarkable features of the Kerr-Schild coordinate system, which linearizes the Dirac equation, we obtain solutions of the Dirac equation consistent with the KN gravitational and electromagnetic field, and show that this solution takes the form of a massless relativistic string. Parallelism of this model with quantum representations in Heisenberg and Schrodinger pictures explains remarkable properties of the stringy electron model in the relativistic scattering processes.
Prospects of Intraoperative Multimodal OCT Application in Patients With Acute Mesenteric Ischemia
Authors: Kiseleva Elena , Ryabkov Maxim , Baleev Mikhail , Bederina Evgeniya , Shilyagin Pavel , Beschastnov Vladimir , Romanov Ivan , Gelikonov Grigory , Gladkova Natalia
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Despite the introduction of increasingly multifaceted diagnostic techniques and the general progress of emergency abdominal and vascular surgery, the outcome of treatment of patients with acute impaired intestinal circulation remains unsatisfactory. The non-invasive and high-resolution technique of optical coherence tomography (OCT) can be used intraoperatively to assess intestine viability and associated conditions that frequently emerge under conditions of impaired blood circulation. This study aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of multimodal (MM) OCT for intraoperative diagnostics of both the microstructure (cross-polarization OCT mode) and microcirculation (OCT angiography mode) of the small intestine wall in patients with acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI). Methods and Participants: A total of 18 patients were enrolled in the study. Nine of them suffered from AMI in segments II-III of the superior mesenteric artery (AMI group), where the ischemic segments of the intestine were examined. Nine others were operated for adenocarcinoma of the colon (control group), thus allowing areas of their normal small intestine to be examined for comparison. Data on the microstructure and microcirculation in the walls of the small intestine were obtained intraoperatively from the side of the serous membrane using the MM OCT system (IAP RAS, Russia) before bowel resection. The MM OCT data were compared with the results of histological examination. Results: The study finds that MM OCT visualized the damage to serosa, muscularis externa, and blood vessels localized in these layers in 100% of AMI cases. It also visualized the submucosa in 33.3% of AMI cases. The MM OCT image of non-ischemic (control group), viable ischemic and necrotic small intestines (AMI group) differed significantly across stratification of the distinguishable layers, the severity of intermuscular fluid accumulations and the type and density of the vasculature. Conclusion: The MM OCT diagnostic procedure optimally meets the requirements of emergency surgery. Data on the microstructure and microcirculation of the intestinal wall can be obtained simultaneously in real time without requiring contrast agent injections. The depth of visualization of the intestinal wall from the side of the serous membrane is sufficient to assess the volume of the affected tissues. However, the methodology for obtaining MM OCT data needs to be improved to minimize the motion artefacts generated in actual clinical conditions.
Insight Into the Organizational Culture and Challenges Faced by Women STEM Leaders in Africa
Authors: Babalola Olubukola Oluranti , du Plessis Yvonne , Babalola Sunday Samson
Published: February 2021

Compared to their men counterparts, women do not rapidly climb up the leadership ladder due to a glass ceiling obstacle. This study aims to explore the inhibiting factors demotivating Africa women's leadership pursuit in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). A qualitative approach was adopted using online open-ended questions to seek narratives from African women leaders on their roles and experiences of a STEM career. Data were collected using a non-probability, purposive sample of African women leaders in STEM in African research institutes and universities. Forty-two women in leadership positions in 12 African countries participated in the study, which was content analyzed, seeking patterns and themes to explore the narratives. A common thread exists in the tone and life experiences of the African women leaders in STEM. Scholarship, supportive organizational structure, commitment, hard work, and tenacity were all experienced as enablers of the career path process and their attained positions. The education level contributed to a strong leadership position. Women experience less acceptance than males in STEM leadership as the organizational culture still devalues women in leadership positions in several African countries. The study's contribution, the limitations, recommendations, and managerial implications are discussed, with suggestions for further research are made.
The Chaaracteristics Yeast Isolated from Commercial Kefir Grain, Indonesia
Authors: Sulmiyati Sulmiyati , Said Nur Saleh , Fahrodi Deka Uli , Malaka Ratmawati , Maruddin Fatma
Published: February 2021

The objective of this study was to investigate yeast characteristics obtained from commercial grain kefir from Indonesian. Isolation based on macroscopic morphology and microscopic morphology. The first method of research is activation of kefir grain using 10% reconstitution milk, yeast growth on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA-Agar) medium, yeast coloration by using Lactophenol cotton blue. Then, yeast identification was done by macroscopic and microscopic morphology. Macroscopic morphological observations are observations of colony morphology at the time of isolation and purification, including size, shape, texture, color, surface, elevation, and edges. Microscopic morphological observations include cell shape, budding (budding) which first make preparations with yeast coloring then observed with Zeiss Asio Imager A2 Microscope using Zeiss Axiocam HRC camera. Macroscopic observation of yeast size description colony very small, small, medium, large, colony form is round, the margin is raised, the elevation is entire, the texture is smooth and surface glistening, cream colony color, and yeast smell characteristic. Microscopic observation seen there is cell nucleus, oval, there is pseudohypa, budding, gram-positive, urea test negative, glucose, lactose, maltose fermentation test positive, sucrose fermentation test negative, growth test on liquid media growth in surface medium (pellicle), and bottom medium (sediment). Based on the morphological observations in macroscopic and microscopic yeast identified genus Saccharomyces.
Existence oF Salmonella sp. in Beef Meat In Sangatta, Kutai Timur District
Authors: Rustam Rustam , Tamal Mey Angraeni , Ariansyah Joni
Published: February 2021

Based on microbiological aspects, product of an animal food safe to be consumption if not contain microbial pathogens, microbial that can cause health problems of humans to whom comsume it, one of the pathogenic bacteria that often found on beef is a salmonella sp. Research aimed to determine the existence of bacteria Salmonella sp from slaughterhouse, abattoir and traditional market in Sangatta East Kutai regency. Parameter research parameter of observation was to determine whether there are bacteria Salmonella sp (positive / negative) on beef samples and how much percentage (%) the existence of Salmonella sp on beef samples. obtained data for each test were analyzed by descriptive approach. Based on research results on 20 beef samples both from slaughterhouses, abattoir, and sold in Sangatta traditional market not indicate the existence of bacteria Salmonella sp (negative), possibility it is because growth of bacteria Salmonella sp still low and does not have the ability to compete with bacteria lactic acid (Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, Aeromonas, Acenetobacter, Pseudomonas) so that growth will be obstructed.
Synthesis of TiO2 by Hydrolysis/Electrochemical to Reduce Hazardous Disinfecting Materials
Authors: Nur Adrian , Jumari Arif , Nazriati Nazriati , Fajaroh Fauziatul
Published: February 2021

The TiO2 photo-catalysis can be used for the purpose of disinfectant purpose. In  this  work,  the  TiO2   prepared  by  hydrolysis-electrochemical method  was  used  to produce  disinfectant  to  replace  and  reduse  conventional  material  disinfectant.  The synthesis of TiO2  was occured at constant voltage of 10 V for 2.5 hours under constant stirring  and  room  temperature.  The  product  of  synthesis  was  analysed  by  scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, and X-ray diffractometer. The performance of desinfectant was done with inactivation of bacteria E coli in solid media. The phase of TiO2 particle producted shows anatase and rutile phase. The TiO2 resulted from hydrolysis/electrohemical method can be used to reduce HCl for desinfectant. The results of testing disinfectant for inactivation of bacteria E coli in solid media show that disinfectant  from  HCl/TiO2   is  the  most  efective  to  inactivation  of  bateria  E.  coli. Treatment with ultraviolet rays resulted less number of bacteria than sunlight.
Pembuatan Katoda Baterai Lithium Ion Iron Phospate (LiFePO4) dengan Metode Solid State Reaction
Authors: Permatasari Elizabeth Putri , Rindi Mega Permata , Purwanto Agus
Published: February 2021

One of the most finest materials for lithium ion battery nowadays is lithium iron phosphate or LiFePO4. Lithium iron phosphate was synthesized with solid state reaction method  by  optimizing  the  variable  of  material  and  temperature.  The  variable  for calcination temperatures were 700oC, 800oC, and 900oC while the basic materials as Fe sources were Fe2O3 and FeSO4. Particles morphologies and quantity of crystal were investigated in details by X-ray diffraction analysis XRD. XRD imaging showed diffraction of nanoparticles LiFePO4 with crystal quantity 40,4% (800oC) and 59,1% (900oC) of materials Fe2O3,which the most quantity from other samples. Thus, chatode materials were made from LiFePO4 that synthesized at calcination temperatures 800oC and 900oC. In conclusion the material chatode from LiFePO4 that had been synthesized had so many impurities because it was hard to get single phase of nanoparticles LiFePO4 and need more improvement in optimizing the process condition for ideal chatode material.
PROBLEMATIKA HUKUM PERKAWINAN CAMPURAN BERDASARKAN KASUS PERNIKAHAN JESSICA ISKANDAR DENGAN LUDWIG FRANS WILLIBALD DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PERDATA INTERNASIONAL
Authors: , Rosa Kisworo , , Dona Budi Kharisma
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article examines the legal problems of mixed marriages, this is set out in Law No. 1 of 1974 on
Marriage in chapters 57-62. But beforehand concerning this mixed marriage has been set in Regeling op
de Gemenvie Huwelijeken Stb. No. 1898. 158 which is famous for its GHR abbreviation. This research
includes normative legal research with legislation approach and case approach. The results of the study
found an indicator of legal problems between husband and wife that arise because of the marriage
between them. So there are important things to consider if there is a foreigner or non Indonesian citizen
who will perform a mixed marriage with an Indonesian citizen, should have to know about legal problems
later if a husband or wife of an Indonesian citizen.
Keywords: Mixed Marriage; Legal Problems; Foreign.

Abstrak
Artikel ini mengkaji mengenai problematika hukum mengenai perkawinan campuran, hal ini di atur dalam
Undang-Undang nomor 1 tahun 1974 Tentang Perkawinan dalam pasal 57-62. Namun sebelumnya
mengenai perjkawinan campuran ini telah di atur dalam Regeling op de Gemenvie Huwelijeken Stb.
1898 No. 158 yang terkenal dengan singkatan GHR. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian hukum normatif
dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Hasil penelitian menemukan indikator
problematika hukum antara suami-istri yang timbul karena adanya perkawinan antara mereka. Sehingga
ada hal-hal penting yang perlu diperhatikan apabila ada seorang asing atau bukan warga warga negara
Indonesia  yang  akan  melakukan  perkawinan  campuran  dengan  seorang  warga  negara  Indonesia,
hendaknya sudah harus mengetahui mengenai problematika hukum nanti apabila menjadi suami atau
isteri dari seorang warga negara Indonesia.
Kata kunci: Perkawinan Campuran; Problematika Hukum; Asing.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PARA PIHAK YANG AKTA JUAL BELINYA DIAKUI CACAT OLEH PIHAK NOTARIS (Studi Kasus: Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 3244 K/Pdt/2016)
Authors: , Nastasya Shinta Devi , , Yudho Taruno Muryanto
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article describes and examines the issue of how the form of legal protection of parties involved in
the agreement whose deeds are recognized as defective by the notary. This article uses normative legal
research methods are prescriptive. The results of this study indicate that the sellers, buyers and third
parties can claim their respective legal protection. The buyer’s party sued on the basis of Article 1243 of
the Civil Code regarding default, the seller may sue and cancel his agreement with a third party under
Article 1449 and Article 1454 of the Civil Code regarding the error, so that the agreement with the deferred
sale deed of the defect may be canceled. A third party may also sue the seller under Article 1453 of the
Civil Code if the seller’s claim to cancel the agreement is granted or to sue under Article 1322 of the Civil
Code regarding an error which does not invalidate a contract.
Keywords: Default; Deed of Sale and Purchase; Legal Protection; Voiddable

Abstrak
Artikel ini mendeskripsikan dan mengkaji permasalahan bagaimana bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap
para pihak yang terlibat dalam perjanjian yang akta jual belinya diakui cacat oleh pihak notaris. Artikel
ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif bersifat preskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan
bahwa pihak penjual, pembeli dan pihak ketiga masing-masing dapat mengklaim perlindungan hukum.
Pihak pembeli menggugat dengan dasar Pasal 1243 KUHPerdata tentang wanprestasi, pihak penjual
dapat menggugat dan membatalkan perjanjiannya dengan pihak ketiga dengan dasar Pasal 1449 dan
Pasal 1454 KUHPerdata tentang kekhilafan, sehingga perjanjian dengan akta jual beli yang diakui cacat
tersebut dapat dibatalkan. Pihak ketiga juga dapat menggugat pihak penjual dengan dasar Pasal 1453
KUHPerdata apabila gugatan pihak penjual untuk membatalkan perjanjian dikabulkan atau menggugat
dengan dasar Pasal 1322 KUHPerdata tentang kekhilafan yang tidak membuat batalnya suatu perjanjian.
Kata kunci: Wanprestasi; Akta Jual Beli; Perlindungan Hukum; Dapat Dibatalkan
KOMPENSASI SEBAGAI BENTUK TANGGUNG JAWAB PIHAK MASKAPAI PENERBANGAN DALAM KETERLAMBATAN JADWAL PENERBANGAN KOMERSIAL DI INDONESIA
Authors: , Asmarsha Qathrinada , , Pranoto
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article aims to find out how legal protection is provided to passengers in commercial air transport
activities in Indonesia, especially regarding airline responsibilities to passengers and the compensation
provided in case of flight delays due to negligence of the carrier. This research is performed with legal
research, using prescriptive characteristic. The research is using statute approach by reviewing the
regulations related to the issues. The source of the research is derived from primary legal materials namely
legislation, secondary materials from legal literatures, as well as tertiary or non-legal legal material. The
collection of legal materials was done by literature studies, and analyzed with deductive reasoning patterns.
Based on the result of the research, it can be concluded that the regulation of compensations given by
the airlines to passengers has been quite well regulated in the Minister of Transportation Regulation
No. 89 of 2015, but in the implementation, the government is still less firm in cracking down on airlines
that do not carry out their responsibility of the compensation regulated in Regulation of the Minister of
Transportation Number 77 in year 2011.
Keywords: compensation; flight delay; commercial air transportation.

Abstrak
Artikel ini bertujuan mengetahui bagaimana perlindungan hukum yang diberikan kepada penumpang
dalam kegiatan angkutan udara komersial di Indonesia, khususnya mengenai tanggung jawab maskapai
penerbangan terhadap penumpang serta apa kompensasi yang diberikan apabila terjadi penundaan
penerbangan karena kelalaian pihak pengangkut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan penelitian hukum dan
bersifat preskriptif. Pendekatan penelitian berupa pendekatan undang-undang dengan menelaah regulasi
yang besangkutan dengan isu yang penulis angkat dalam penulisan ini. Sumber penelitian berasal dari
bahan hukum primer yaitu perundang-undangan, bahan sekunder dari kepustakaan hukum, serta bahan
hukum tersier atau non-hukum. Pengumpulan bahan hukum dilakukan dengan studi kepustakaan, dan
menganalisis dengan pola penalaran deduktif.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan
bahwa  pengaturan  mengenai  kompensasi  yang  diberikan  oleh  maskapai  penerbangan  terhadap
penumpang  telah cukup  baik  diatur dalam Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan Nomor 89 Tahun 2015,
namun dalam pelaksanaannya pemerintah masih kurang tegas dalam menindak maskapai yang tidak
melaksanakan tanggung jawabnya untuk memberikan kompensasi sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri
Perhubungan Nomor 77 Tahun 2011.
Kata kunci: kompensasi; keterlambatan penerbangan; pengangkutan udara komersial.
PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN DALAM MENGGUNAKAN JASA MODIFIKASI BENGKEL KUSTOM di RICH RICHIE RIDE GARAGE
Authors: Satria Bhaskara Diva , Nadjib Imanullah Moch.
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article wants to find out how Rich Richie Ride Garage gives consumer right protection to their  consumer, some times the consumer who cuztomised their bike disappointed for Rich Richie Ride Garage because their expectation and ideas of their custom bike isn’t accordance with the reality. In this legal writing, the Author using non doctrinal legal research or   empiric legal research. The nature of empiric showed by data collection. On empirical research that was examined initially secondary legal, then followed by research towards primary legal in field. The result of research and review there are still things that harmful the consumer like progress of modification takes a long time, the result of work isn, accordance with the deal, do something prohibited in the deal. Unfortunately the consumer lack of knowledge about consumer right protection wich cause them to not fully understand the rights belongs them. They even gave up their rights because of their ignorance about consumer right protection.
Keywords: Custom Workshop; Consumer Right Protection; Modification Services

Abstrak
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana bentuk perlindungan konsumen yang diberikan oleh  Rich Richie Ride Garage terhadap para konsumennya, terkadang konsumen dari pemilik kendaraan yang menggunakan jasa dari bengkel kustom merasa kecewa dengan pengerjaan yang tidak sesuai antara hasil jadi kendaraan tersebut dengan rancangan ide–ide dari pemilik kendaraan. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut maka dilakukan penelitian hukum non doktrinal atau penelitian empiris. Dalam hal ini sifat empirisme ditunjukkan dengan perolehan data yang terkait dengan perlindungan konsumen dari Rich Richie Ride Garage. Pada penelitian hukum sosiologis atau empiris, maka yang diteliti pada awalnya adalah data sekunder, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan penelitian terhadap data primer di lapangan, atau terhadap masyarakat. Dari hasil penelitian dan kajian diketahui masih terjadi wanprestasi berupa hasil yang tidak sesuai dari perjanjian, melakukan pekerjaan yang dilarang dalam perjanjian, perjanjian tidak dipenuhi secara keseluruhan, dan yang utama dalam masalah waktu pengerjaan yang merugikan para konsumen. Tetapi yang sangat disayangkan adalah ketidaktahuan para konsumen mengenai aturan hukum perlindungan konsumen menyebabkan para konsumen kurang memahami hak-hak yang seharusnya didapatkan. Bahkan, terdapat pula konsumen yang melepaskan haknya dalam hal penggantian ganti rugi oleh penjual dikarenakan ketidaktahuan konsumen akan hak perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen
Kata Kunci: Bengkel Kustom; Perlindungan Konsumen; Jasa Modifikasi