bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulation and parameter analysis of the strength of a wind turbine main shaft
Authors: Wu Yu Xing , Zheng Zhun Bei , Yang Zhan Jun
Published: December 2020

With the vigorous development of wind power generation worldwide, the problem of stress concentration at the position of the main shaft shoulder of the wind turbine has become increasingly prominent. Therefore, a finite element model was established for the main shaft of a wind turbine, and the stress field of the main shaft of the wind turbine under the limit load condition was simulated and calculated, and the influence of the position of the shoulder on the flange side on the stress concentration under different radii of curvature was analyzed. It provides important guidance for the manufacture and inspection of the main shaft of the wind turbine.
Field testing and data analysis of impact impedance of transmission line tower composed of weathering angle steel
Authors: Zhao Yushun , Wang Shutao , Luo Yihua , Zhang Jinfeng , Qiu Shangliang , Wei Long
Published: December 2020

Weathering steel material has good corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. Compared with galvanized steel tower, weathering steel has longer operation life and lower operation and maintenance cost. With the pilot operation of weather resistant angle steel tower on the transmission line, its electrical performance has been widely concerned. The impact impedance of the tower is an important parameter to evaluate the lightning strike back performance of the tower. The rust layer formed on the surface of the weathering steel material will cause large lap resistance, which may increase the lightning strike back risk of the tower. In this paper, the impulse impedance test of a 220kV weathering angle steel tower in Fuyang, Anhui Province of China is carried out, and the circuit calculation of the test results is carried out to verify the rationality of the test data. The results show that: the zero frequency resistance of 220kV weathering angle steel tower is 1.027Ω, and the low frequency inductance is 311.94μH. The impact impedance results of the tower not only depend on the size, material and model of the tower, but also related to the impact waveform; the test results are in good agreement with the circuit simulation results.
Research on the Influence of Environmental Art Design Based on Environmental Science on the Indoor Environment of Old-age Buildings
Authors: Li Ming , Liu Qingbo , Li Xiaojing
Published: December 2020

In recent years, the reform of China’s pension system has aroused widespread concern in the society. Whether it is to provide for the elderly in housing, delay the retirement period, or increase the pension insurance, these are nothing more than the pressure problems faced by China’s aging population. Indoor environment is the place where the old people who live in old-age facilities spend the longest time in a day, so its reasonable design is even more important. From the perspective of the overall design of space environmental art, this paper discusses the design method of indoor art wood based on the influence of environmental art design based on environmental science on the indoor environment of Jiangnan old-age building. According to the physiological and psychological characteristics of the elderly, some problems in the indoor environment design of old-age facilities are deeply analyzed and discussed, so as to create a good living environment for the elderly.
Designing File Organizer Product Design Using the Quality Function Deployment Method (QFD)
Authors: Ginting Rosnani , Ishak Aulia , Pratiwi Wulan , Tambunan Ratu H
Published: December 2020

In today’s industrial age, many are discovering goods and services to meet the needs of life and activities. Human creativity is required to maintain the fulfillment of life’s requirements in various fields to increase customer satisfaction. To overcome these problems, a study of customer satisfaction using the quality function deployment (QFD) method. The purpose of this study is to determine the desire of consumers through technical characteristics. Brainstorming product specifications include: the main function dimensions are 10 cm x 15 cm x 8 cm, the primary color is black, motifs in the form of lines, decoration in the form of stars, consisting of 3 bulkheads, there are 4 liners on the underside of the surface, the bulkhead material is wood, has an additional function is stationery, has another function color is black, and the dimensions of a different function are 5 cm x 5 cm x 7 cm. Based on the file organizer production process, it was found that there were difficulties in cutting wood. This is because the wood has a rigid structure. The rack is a little complicated so that the operator is less careful in the process of cutting wood.
The Supporting and Interdiction Factor of the Implementation of Supply Chain Management in PT Z Using Interpretative Structural Modeling Method
Authors: Sembiring Nuhayati , Yurisditira Riky , Dewi Evita , Aryna Shinta , Radot R Rhyval
Published: December 2020

The Indonesian palm oil industry is expected to always be able to increase the implementation of Sustainable in order to reduce environmental impacts, compete in market competition. Environmental issues in the form of environmental destruction by national oil producers by international NGOs have had a significant effect in Indonesia. This issue was rolled out in the form of a report where oil palm producers ignored government and environmental and social regulations. PT Z is a state-owned company. Even though SSCM has implemented in the company, in its implementation there are still many problems. This study aims to learn about the factors that support and interdict in implementing sustainability supply chain management (SSCM) at PT Z using ISM. Based on the ISM calculations, the results show that for have sustainable operations we have to develop infrastructure, facilities and the access to sophisticated technology, implementing sustainable waste management, integrating sustainable operations into proactive plans are the most influential factors in implementing SSCM in PT Z and supporting infrastructure are not optimal, technology is not efficient, stakeholder perceptions are not optimal are the most influential interdiction factors’.
Business Design and Feasibility of Puru Kambera Muslim Fashion Offline Store Establishment
Authors: Nurazizah F , Chumaidiyah E
Published: December 2020

Puru Kambera is a creative business that sells women’s Muslim fashion products. It has been established since 2017 in Bandung through an online sales. The survey states that fashion is on the second-highest rank out of 16 creative industry subsectors in Indonesia. Along with Bandung that has known as a creative city and center of fashion. Based on this condition, the company decided to establish Puru Kambera offline store. In this paper, business design and feasibility analysis are performed to find out whether the establishment of the offline store is feasible to run. The business design will be projected for 5 years with MARR value of 9.40%. While the feasibility analysis is performed based on market, technical, and financial aspects. The feasibility calculation result show NPV of IDR 356,595,609, IRR in 35%, and PBP for 3.428 years, it can be concluded that Puru Kambera offline store establishment is feasible. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis is also performed to find out the business conditions if there are some undesirable changes occur. The sensitivity analysis result shows that Puru Kambera offline store establishment is sensitive in increase of product cost at 8.20%, decrease of selling price at 5.61%, and decrease of demand at 17.72%
Business Design and Risk Analysis of Sonja Coffee Shop with the Concept of Coworking Space
Authors: Rahmawati F , Chumaidiyah E
Published: December 2020

Sonja Coffee Shop is a business development with the innovative concept of coworking space in Depok City. In this paper, the market aspect is derived from the spread of questionnaires to 100 respondents in Depok City with the age range of 15 - 34 years. Gained a potential market of 96%, the market is available at 97% and a target market of 0.18% of the market is available. Analysis of technical and operational design is done to know the production and income that occurred in the business for 5 years to come. The calculation of financial aspects acquired by NPV amounted to IDR 192.905.472, IRR value of 21% and PBP for 4.5 years. The value of IRR > MARR is 12% and NPV > 0, so this business is feasible to run. There is sensitivity to the increase in direct raw material costs by 14%, an increase in direct labour costs by 12%, a decrease in demand by 16% and a decrease in sales prices by 3%. There are business risks, market risks due to more and more emerging competitors, operational risks due to damage to machinery and facilities and financial risk due to inflation which is calculated at 7.03%.
Analysis of Fire Response Time with Lean Service Method in City of Medan Fire and Prevention Service
Authors: Isa Meliala Gema Halelu , Matondang Nazaruddin , Hidayati Juliza
Published: December 2020

Protection of the population from fire hazards has become a mandatory business and a basic service for citizens. This study aims to improve the quality of fire management services by speeding up the service response time of fire fighting fleets at the Medan City Fire Department. The research method in this paper is based on the use of Lean Service principles to determine non-value added activities using value stream mapping analysis and fishbone diagrams. The results of the research conducted showed that there was an increase in response time by 107 seconds and an increase in process cycle efficiency to 81.08% from 72.64% previously, which means that the current service is not efficient and can still be improved. This is due to several factors, including repetition of information when receiving information on fire incidents, location of gathering for standby officers which is far from the standby location and irregular storage of PPE.
Analysis of Quality Control in Assembling Kawachi RN-621 Mosquito Rackets
Authors: Ginting Rosnani , Ishak Aulia , Sonia Beatrich Claudia
Published: December 2020

Along with the current era of globalization and advancements of sophisticated technology, high quality products at competitive prices will be chosen by consumers. This will increase sales of the product, which means increasing market share so that it will increase company revenue. In production activities, problems are always found that ultimately cause defects in a product, especially in mass production. The things that cause disability can be in the form of people, machines, equipment, work environment, work methods, and raw materials. In this study, process quality control methods such as seven tools, Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), and new seven tools used to reduce the number of defects in the RN-621 Mosquito Rackets assembly. Errors caused by soldering, ordering and retrieving. This is done to find the root cause of disability and find solutions to minimize errors.
Effects of Modified Palm Stearin on Torque Properties of Carbon Black-loaded Epoxidized Natural Rubber
Authors: Philbert  , Surya I
Published: December 2020

This research study investigates the effects of modified palm stearin (MPS) on the torque properties of carbon black (CB)-loaded Epoxidized Natural Rubber with 25% mole (ENR 25). The ENR 25 was loaded with CB at a fixed loading (thirty phr) and the MPS was added into the CB-loaded ENR 25 compounds with varied doses from one to seven phr. The effects of MPS incorporations on the maximal torque, minimal torque and torque change of CB)-loaded ENR 25 were investigated. It was observed that the MPS caused some affection in torque properties of the ENR 25. The MPS lowered the minimal torque but raised the maximal torque and torque change. The bigger the MPS doses caused in the lower was the minimal torque but caused in the higher was the torque change. The enhancement in torque was attributed to the role of MPS as the supplementary plasticizing agent for the CB-loaded ENR 25 compounds. The oily property of MPS decreased the viscosity and enhanced rubber to filler interaction or crosslinks level, respectively.
Cutting Path-associated Energy Consumption of Milling Machining Process
Authors: Rahman Hemdi Abdul , Md Ali Umi Fatihah , Mohamed Noor Rizal , Irwan Yahaya Mohamad , Mahadzir M. M. , Faiz Zubair Ahmad , Othman Muhamad , Yola Melfa , Mat Saman Muhamad Zameri , Sharif Safian
Published: December 2020

Manufacturing industries face numerous challenges, such as reducing their energy consumption. Minimising energy usage is one of the initiatives towards sustainable manufacturing. Many researches have studied the surface quality of machined part, but studies on energy consumption during machining process are limited. Different cutting paths operations may influence energy consumption during machining. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of cutting tool paths and parameters on energy consumption during machining. Aluminium 6061 alloy was face-milled using high-speed steel tool with different tool paths, namely, morphed spiral, parallel and spiral paths. The design of experiment technique was applied to optimise the experimental work, and response surface methodology was used to analyse the experimental result. Results showed that feed rate is the most influential parameter on the energy consumption of machining. Machining energy models were also generated for morphed spiral, parallel and spiral cutting paths. The R
2 of each model was higher than 0.92, which indicates that the model equations are applicable in predicting the energy consumption of a milling operation.
Analysis of motorcycle design toward female rider based on posture evaluation index (PEI) approached in virtual environment
Authors: Rafi M , Putri Y H , Muslim E , Moch B N
Published: December 2020

This research examines the ergonomie aspect of motorcycle in virtual environment by using Jack software 6.1 with Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) approach which can integrates the results of three methods: Lower Back Analysis (LBA), Ovako Working Analysis (OWAS) and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). The objectives of this research are evaluating the existing motorcycle design and determines the most ergonomic design that concern at handlebar height and distance between seat and handlebar. The result showed that the most ergonomic design of motorcycle for female rider is motorcycle that has 16cm handlebar height and 20cm distance between motorcycle’ seat and handlebar, which have 1.45 of PEI score.
Tension Fatigue Behaviour of Woven Bamboo and Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Hybrid Composites
Authors: Venkatesha B K , Pramod Kumar S K , Saravanan R , Ishak Aulia
Published: December 2020

The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of stacking sequence of multi layered woven bamboo and glass fibers reinforced with epoxy matrix composites under static tensile and tension-tension fatigue loading. Six layers of bamboo fiber and seven layers of glass fiber has been used to prepare the samples by hand lay-up technique with [0°/90°] and [±45°]. Extensive fatigue tests (frequency 3 Hz and stress ratio 0.1) were performed in accordance with ASTM D3479. In constant amplitude and load-controlled tests, a percentage of the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) was applied to the composite specimens. Five stress levels were applied from 90% of UTS, and decreased in steps of 10% of UTS. The obtained results were used to draw S/N Curve and [0°/90°] lay-ups show better fatigue strength than [±45] laminate.
Improving Performance of Outpatient Queuing System: A Simulation Based Case Study
Authors: Amrina Elita , Nofricha Regina , Kamil Insannul , Tri Putri Nilda , Fatrias Dicky , Wirdianto Eri
Published: December 2020

Nowadays, hospitals are facing overcrowding of patients in outpatient treatment. It caused many problems because the patient takes a long time to wait. The long waiting times would lead to patient dissatisfaction. This study aims to improve the performance of the outpatient queuing system. The simulation technique is applied to analyze the existing system. First, the system description is constructed to determine the outpatient process flow. Next, the required data is collected, and the probability distribution is then fitted. The simulation model is developed using ARENA software. The model is then verified using a run check model and validated using paired T-Test. The simulation reports are analyzed, and it obtained the problems of long waiting times of internal medicine patients and the high utilization of internal medicine Doctors. Scenarios are then suggested to improve system performance. Scenario-3 of addition one internal medicine Doctor and develop a booking system is selected as the best scenario. The scenario can reduce the average waiting time of internal medicine patients from 97.4 minutes to 8.5 minutes and internal medicine doctor utilization from 87% to 75%. This research hopes can help hospital managers continuously improve their service quality and patient satisfaction.
Prioritizing important factors for the successful of halal food standard practice in Small Medium Enterprises
Authors: Giyanti I , Indrasari A , Sutopo W , Liquiddanu E
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this research is to prioritize the factors that is important for the successful of halal food standard practice in food manufacturing small medium enterprises (SMEs). This study employed a non-probability convenience sampling method for collecting data. The main instrument for data collection is using a structured questionnaire. The respondents of this research is halal-certified SMEs in Solo Raya. A partial least square structural equation model (SEM-PLS) was applied to test the proposed structural model. Subsequently, the importance-performance map analysis (IPMA) was performed to prioritize the critical success factors that need special attention by SMEs’ managers intending to adopt halal standard in their daily food production. Finding of this research revealed that employee involvement has a positive and significance impact to the halal food standard practices in food SMEs. Another factors, namely management support and customer focus have also a positive impact but not statistically significant. Findings from IPMA indicate that SMEs should focus on the employee involvement. The findings of this study are beneficial not only for SME’s manager but also for government institution responsible to the development of SMEs.
Production Line Simulation In Vise Using The Flexsim Application
Authors: Ishak Aulia , Faiz Zubair Ahmad , Sekar Cendani Assilla
Published: December 2020

The quality of a factory is not only determined by the level of expertise of workers owned, quality facilities and supporting infrastructure is also determined by the queuing system that occurs during the production process. If the input and output on the machines are not balanced will cause the accumulation of goodsand allows the material used is damaged and production is not optimal. As for the production of this vise has 7 types of machines and consists of 8 parts. In this study, the simulation is carried out in the production process in the manufacture of vise. The general objective of the study is to find out whether the vise production process time with the number of production targets can be met and is effective.
Warranty cost analysis for a multi-component product protected by lemon laws
Authors: Husniah Hennie , Pasaribu Udjianna S. , Iskandar Bermawi P.
Published: December 2020

We study warranty cost analysis for a multi-component product protected by the lemon laws. The product is repairable and consists of critical and non-critical components. The failed product under warranty due to failure of any critical or non-critical component is minimally repaired. It is considered that the product turns to be a lemon when either the number of critical or noncritical component failures reaches k. We obtain the expected warranty cost and the optimal period of lemon laws which are of interest to the manufacturer when the product is protected by the lemon laws, and provide numerical examples to illustrate the expected warranty cost and the optimal lemon law period.
Plant Maintenance Modelling Through Availability Analysis In Raw Mill of Cement Production
Authors: Jufri N , Siswanto N
Published: December 2020

Maintenance activities are a particular concerned at PT XYZ, which is the largest cement producer in Eastern Indonesia. PT XYZ has five main factories located in Pangkep, South Sulawesi, units 1,2,3,4, and 5. In 2019, PT XYZ’s five clinker production only reached 2,445,515 tons or 93, 64% of the target. The details, raw meal production was not achieved, namely 4,041,377 tons or 96.54% of the target set by the company due to the unplanned shutdowns. This research tries to control the breakdowns of raw mill machine by evaluating the availability and day of operation (calendar day). The availability analysis method used is the discrete system simulation approach because the discrete system simulation can accommodate random behavior and dependence between variables. In the existing condition, system availability is 72.83% and calendar day is 239 days. These two parameters are still less than the target. To overcome this problem, experimentation was carried out with 3 scenarios. The best simulation results shows that the preventive maintenance activities changes the value of TTF (Time to Failure), TTR (Time to Repair), and reduces the duration of overhaul activities. This can increase the availability to 83.04% and calendar day to 255 days.
Clasiffication of Heart Disease using Decision Tree Algorithm
Authors: Ishak A , Ginting A , Siregar K , Junika C
Published: December 2020

Data mining is the process of manipulating data by extracting information that was previously unknown from a large dataset. The Tree Model in relation to data structures is a data type that simulates a hierarchical tree structure with root values and sub-trees with the parent node represented as a series of recursively defined node links as a means of presenting complex data analysis. Every year an estimated 17.3 million people die from cardiovascular disease. As many as 7.3 million of them occur due to heart disease and 6.2 million due to stroke. Risk factors for heart disease are age, gender, heredity or genetics, smoking habits, lack of physical activity, obesity, diabetes mellitus, stress and diet. The purpose of the dataset in this study is to classify data to determine categories of heart disease based on the presence or absence of narrowing of the arteries.
The Removal of Mixed Tar in Biomass Fuel Gas through the Thermal and Catalytic Treatment Methods: Review
Authors: Lateh Hafnee , Taweekun Juntakan , Maliwan Kittinan , Ishak Aulia
Published: December 2020

The global situation consumes enormous amount of energy while the energy sources are limited and decreasing. Alternative energy source is widely focused for compensating the main energy source. Thus, the finding of alternative resources particularly biomass energy is highly essential. Biomass gasification is a transforming process of solid biomass into the valued fuel gases. Although biomass fuel gas provides utility gases, the contaminant as tar that need to eliminate for evading the problems to engines and turbines. Hence, the treatment methods of tar are extremely important and challenge. This paper indicates the recent treatment researches for biomass tar removal. The problems of tar as well as the weakness and advantages of all tar treatment methods are discussed.
Plant Business Mapping Young Plants Agriculture Group In West Dumai District
Authors: Melliana  , Mesra T
Published: December 2020

Dumai City is a city with a lot of potential for progress and development, one of which is the agricultural sector. Specifically, for young plants plants, the people of Dumai City tend to plant horticultural crops and crops. Errors in choosing the wrong type of plant can cause dissatisfaction in producing production. The AHP method is used to select suitable types of plants in Dumai City, the SWOT method is used to develop selected alternatives. The alternative chosen using the AHP method for young plants is corn. The strategy for developing the SWOT method is in quadrant 1, which is progressive, so it is likely that this type of plant will develop in the future.
A Novel Graphical Method for Data Presentation in Alcohol Systematic Reviews: The Interactive Harvest Plot
Authors: Foulds James , Knight Josh , Young Jesse T , Keen Claire , Newton-Howes Giles
Published: December 2020

Aims

To demonstrate a novel method for presenting and exploring data in systematic reviews of the alcohol literature.

Methods

Harvest plots are a graphical method for displaying data on the overall pattern of evidence from a systematic review. They can display the direction of effects and risk of bias within studies for multiple outcomes in a single graphical chart. Using data from our previous meta-analysis on the association between personality disorder and alcohol treatment outcome, we extended the application of harvest plots by developing an interactive online harvest plot application.

Results

Studies included in the review were heterogeneous in design. There were many different primary outcomes, and similar outcomes were often defined differently across studies. The interactive harvest plot allows readers to explore trends in the data across multiple outcomes, including the impact of within-study bias and year of publication. In contrast, meta-analysis on the same data was hampered by a lack of consistency in the way outcomes were measured, and incomplete reporting of effect sizes and their variance. This meant many studies included in the systematic review could not be meta-analysed.

Conclusions

Interactive harvest plots are a novel graphical method to present data from systematic reviews. They can supplement or even replace meta-analysis when the studies included in a systematic review use heterogeneous designs and measures, as is often the case in the alcohol literature.
Electroencephalography, Magnetoencephalography, and Cognitive Reserve: A Systematic Review
Authors: Balart-Sánchez Sebastián A , Bittencourt-Villalpando Mayra , van der Naalt Joukje , Maurits Natasha M
Published: December 2020

Objective

Cognitive reserve (CR) is the capacity to adapt to (future) brain damage without any or only minimal clinical symptoms. The underlying neuroplastic mechanisms remain unclear. Electrocorticography (ECOG), electroencephalography (EEG), and magnetoencephalography (MEG) may help elucidate the brain mechanisms underlying CR, as CR is thought to be related to efficient utilization of remaining brain resources. The purpose of this systematic review is to collect, evaluate, and synthesize the findings on neural correlates of CR estimates using ECOG, EEG, and MEG.

Method

We examined articles that were published from the first standardized definition of CR. Eleven EEG and five MEG cross-sectional studies met the inclusion criteria: They concerned original research, analyzed (M)EEG in humans, used a validated CR estimate, and related (M)EEG to CR. Quality assessment was conducted using an adapted form of the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. No ECOG study met the inclusion criteria.

Results

A total of 1383 participants from heterogeneous patient, young and older healthy groups were divided into three categories by (M)EEG methodology: Eight (M)EEG studies employed event-related fields or potentials, six studies analyzed brain oscillations at rest (of which one also analyzed a cognitive task), and three studies analyzed brain connectivity. Various CR estimates were employed and all studies compared different (M)EEG measures and CR estimates. Several associations between (M)EEG measures and CR estimates were observed.

Conclusion

Our findings support that (M)EEG measures are related to CR estimates, particularly in healthy individuals. However, the character of this relationship is dependent on the population and task studied, warranting further studies.
Unravelling the Thucydides’ Trap: Inadvertent Escalation or War of Choice?
Authors: Platias Athanassios , Trigkas Vasilis
Published: December 2020

No other text in the intellectual history of International Relations has become as frequent a victim of confirmation bias and selective presentism as has Thucydides’ History of the Peloponnesian War. Most recently, misinterpretations of the classical treatise have engendered the popular catchphrase, “the Thucydides’ Trap”, and thinkers and politicians’ resultant drawing of erroneous parallels between the Peloponnesian War and current Sino-US relations. This article seeks to deconstruct the Thucydides’ Trap core thematic of inadvertent escalation, and to outline the logic of hegemonic transition as it is actually expounded by Thucydides. Although Thucydides is the first thinker in the West clearly to identify the significance of structure in interstate affairs, his hegemonic transition theory is complex rather than purely systemic. Thucydides thus dedicates most of his work to assessing the strategic decisions made in fervid political debates, evidencing his perception of polity and politics as key elements that dynamically interact with structural conditions to effectuate strategic choice. Consequently, the Peloponnesian War was not an outcome of inadvertent escalation, but of premeditated strategic choices made by adversaries with clashing policy objectives. Therefore, within the structural constraints, it is on leadership and strategy that Thucydides puts a premium, and hence prioritizes prudence (Sophrosyne/Σωφροσύνη) as the most consequential virtue of statesmanship. Building on the Thucydidean logic of hegemonic transition, we conclude by presenting six strategic corollaries of contemporary Sino-US relations, remaining attentively cognizant at all times of the limitations of historical analogies, and abiding by ex antiquis et novissimis optima.
Computational Prediction of Cervical Cancer Diagnosis Using Ensemble-Based Classification Algorithm
Authors: Gupta Surbhi , Gupta Manoj K
Published: December 2020

Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers among women in the world. As at the earlier stage, cervical cancer has fewer symptoms. Cancer research is vital as the prognosis of cancer enables clinical applications for patients. In this study, we demonstrate a new approach that applies an ensemble approach to machine learning models for the automatic diagnosis of cervical cancer. The dataset used in the study is the cervical cancer dataset available at the University of California Irvine database repository. Initially, missing values are imputed (k-nearest neighbors) and then the data are balanced (oversampled). Two feature selection approaches are used to extract the most significant features. The proposed stacking architecture, applied for the first time on the cervical cancer dataset, used time elapse of 5.6 s and achieved an area under the curve score of 99.7% performing better than the methods used in previous works. The objective of the study is to propose a computational model that can predict the diagnosis of cervical cancer efficiently. Further, the proposed learning architecture is gauged with several ensemble approaches like random forest, gradient boosting, voting ensemble and weighted voting ensemble to perceive the enhancement.
Long-term risk of sudden cardiac death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a cardiac magnetic resonance outcome study
Authors: Greulich Simon , Seitz Andreas , Herter Diana , Günther Fabian , Probst Sabine , Bekeredjian Raffi , Gawaz Meinrad , Sechtem Udo , Mahrholdt Heiko
Published: December 2020

Aims

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is an appalling complication of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). There is an ongoing discussion about the optimal SCD risk stratification strategy since established SCD risk models have suboptimal discriminative power. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) for SCD risk stratification compared to the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) SCD risk score and traditional risk factors in an >10-year follow-up.

Methods and results

Two hundred and twenty consecutive patients with HCM and LGE-CMR were enrolled. Follow-up data were available in 203 patients (median age 58 years, 61% male) after a median follow-up period of 10.4 years. LGE was present in 70% of patients with a median LGE amount of 1.6%, the median ESC 5-year SCD risk score was 1.84. In the overall cohort, SCD rates were 2.3% at 5 years, 4.8% at 10 years, and 15.7% at 15 years, independent from established risk models. An LGE amount of >5% left ventricular (LV) mass portends the highest risk for SCD with SCD prevalences of 5.5% at 5 years, 13.0% at 10 years, and 33.3% at 15 years. Conversely, patients with no or ≤5% LGE of LV mass have favourable prognosis.

Conclusions

LGE-CMR in HCM patients allows effective 10-year SCD risk stratification beyond established risk factors. LGE amount might be added to established risk models to improve its discriminatory power. Specifically, patients with >5% LGE should be carefully monitored and might be adequate candidates for primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator during the clinical long-term course.
Antiarrhythmic drugs for atrial fibrillation: lessons from the past and opportunities for the future
Authors: Heijman Jordi , Hohnloser Stefan H , Camm A John
Published: December 2020

Atrial fibrillation (AF) remains a highly prevalent and troublesome cardiac arrhythmia, associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Restoration and maintenance of sinus rhythm (rhythm-control therapy) is an important element of AF management in symptomatic patients. Despite significant advances and increasing importance of catheter ablation, antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) remain a cornerstone of rhythm-control therapy. During the past 50 years, experimental and clinical research has greatly increased our understanding of AADs. As part of the special issue on paradigm shifts in AF, this review summarizes important milestones in AAD research that have shaped their current role in AF management, including (i) awareness of the proarrhythmic potential of AADs; (ii) increasing understanding of the pleiotropic effects of AADs; (iii) the development of dronedarone; and (iv) the search for AF-specific AADs. Finally, we discuss short- and long-term opportunities for better AF management through advances in AAD therapy, including personalization of AAD therapy based on individual AF mechanisms.
Populist Words Speak Louder? Ideology-Inconsistent Personalization and Voting for Populist Candidates
Authors: Müller Philipp , Denner Nora
Published: December 2020

The private background of populist politicians oftentimes seemingly contradicts the populist ideology—which can be taken up in political communication. Using two experiments (nStudy 1 = 734; nStudy 2 = 568), we investigate the effects of such ideology-inconsistent personalization on the evaluation of and voting for a populist candidate. We manipulate the politician’s localness and social class (Study 1) and traditionalism in family life (Study 2). Results reveal a number of effects on candidate evaluation which translated into voting intentions. An upper-class background of the populist politician yielded negative effects, but less so among populist voters. However, references to a cosmopolitan biography decreased perceived trustworthiness among all participants. Surprisingly, a nontraditional (i.e., homosexual) relationship was beneficial for a (female) populist.
Short-term increase in the carriage of azithromycin-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in mothers and their newborns following intra-partum azithromycin: a post hoc analysis of a double-blind randomized trial
Authors: Getanda Pauline , Bojang Abdoulie , Camara Bully , Jagne-Cox Isatou , Usuf Effua , Howden Benjamin P , D’Alessandro Umberto , Bottomley Christian , Roca Anna
Published: December 2020

Objectives

To evaluate the impact of one oral dose of intrapartum azithromycin (2 g) on the carriage and antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in the nasopharynx, breast milk and vaginal swabs of mothers and K. pneumoniae in the nasopharynx of their newborns.

Methods

We performed a post hoc analysis of a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized-trial (ratio 1:1) conducted in The Gambia. Breast milk (BM) and vaginal swabs (VS) from mothers and nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) from mother–newborn pairs were collected at different timepoints during the 4 week follow-up. Samples were processed using standard microbiological procedures. For BM and NPS post-intervention results were combined for analysis.

Results

In the original trial 829 mothers were randomized. In this analysis, complete sample sets were available for 630 mothers for E. coli analysis (76.0%) and 564 mother–newborn pairs for K. pneumoniae analysis (68.0%). For E. coli, carriage prevalence in BM and VS was similar in both arms but resistance was higher in the azithromycin arm in VS (2.6% versus 0%, P = 0.004). For K. pneumoniae, carriage prevalence was higher in the azithromycin arm for BM (13.8% versus 8.7%, P = 0.055) but not for VS or NPS. Prevalence of azithromycin resistant K. pneumoniae was higher in the azithromycin arm for BM (3.6% versus 1.0%, P = 0.050) and VS (1.5% versus 0% P = 0.057).

Conclusions

Oral intrapartum azithromycin did not reduce carriage of E. coli and K. pneumoniae and was associated with an increase in the prevalence of azithromycin-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates in BM and VS.
Ofcom’s record as a competition authority: an assessment of decisions in telecoms
Authors: Crocioni Pietro
Published: December 2020

The instrument of concurrency, whereby UK regulatory authorities share and often, in practice, lead in the application of competition policy, is an important feature of the UK competition law regime. Several studies examined its pros and cons from a theoretical perspective. This is the first article to take a different approach and critically assesses Ofcom’s application of its concurrent competition law powers to the telecoms sector. This review identifies a number of shortfalls and provides several recommendations on how Ofcom could improve its record in applying its competition law powers to the telecoms sector to benefit consumers. This raises some serious questions as to whether concurrency improves the application of competition law.
Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing of abdominal adipose reveals DNA methylation pattern variations in broiler lines divergently selected for fatness
Authors: Gong Pengfei , Jing Yang , Liu Yumeng , Wang Lijian , Wu Chunyan , Du Zhiqiang , Li Hui
Published: December 2020

The methylation status of pivotal genes involved in fat deposition in chickens has been extensively studied. However, the whole-genome DNA methylation profiles of broiler abdominal adipose tissue remain poorly understood. Using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing, we generated DNA methylation profiles of chicken abdominal adipose tissue from Northeast Agricultural University broiler lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content. We aimed to explore whether DNA methylation was associated with abdominal fat deposition in broilers. The whole-genome DNA methylation profiles of fat- and lean-line broilers abdominal adipose tissue were constructed. The DNA methylation levels of functional genomic regions in the fat broiler were higher than those in the lean broiler, especially in the 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs) and exons in the non-CG contexts. Additionally, we identified 29,631 differentially methylated regions and, subsequently, annotated 6,484 and 2,016 differentially methylated genes (DMGs) in the gene body and promoter regions between the two lines, respectively. Functional annotation showed that the DMGs in promoter regions were significantly enriched mainly in the triglyceride catabolic process, lipid metabolism-related pathways, and extracellular matrix signal pathways. When the DMG in promoter regions and differentially expressed genes were integrated, we identified 30 genes with DNA methylation levels that negatively correlated with their messenger RNA (mRNA) expression, of which CMSS1 reached significant levels (false discovery rate < 0.05). These 30 genes were mainly involved in fatty acid metabolism, peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor signaling, Wnt signaling pathways, transmembrane transport, RNA degradation, and glycosaminoglycan degradation. Comparing the DNA methylation profiles between fat- and lean-line broilers demonstrated that DNA methylation is involved in regulating broiler abdominal fat deposition. Our study offers a basis for further exploring the underlying mechanisms of abdominal adipose deposition in broilers.
Are Yeast Autolysate Attractants for Ceratitis Species (Diptera: Tephritidae) in South Africa More Attractive and Palatable Than a Currently Used Protein Attractant?
Authors: Grout Timothy G , Stephen Peter R
Published: December 2020

Due to increasing usage of copper fungicides in citrus orchards shortly before the application of protein baits for fruit fly control and the risk of this combination causing fruit phytotoxicity, an investigation of attractants containing higher amounts of yeast autolysate rather than protein hydrolysate was conducted. A commercial yeast autolysate from Australia was less attractive than a South African product HymLure (with a mixture of autolysate and hydrolysate) to three Ceratitis species: Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), Ceratitis rosa s.s. Karsch, and Ceratitis cosyra (Walker). Other custom-formulated autolysates were also inferior to HymLure for these species. Consumption of autolysates during the first hour of feeding was similar to that of HymLure. The inferior attraction of these three species of fruit flies to autolysates, relative to one containing hydrolysate, did not warrant further investigation of autolysates for use in baits to control these quarantine pests.
First come, first served: fruit availability to keystone bat species is potentially reduced by invasive macaques
Authors: Reinegger Raphael D , Oleksy Ryszard Z , Bissessur Prishnee , Naujeer Houshna , Jones Gareth
Published: December 2020

Bats provide important pollination and seed-dispersal services to native angiosperms. However, many bat species are increasingly threatened by human disturbance, including the Mauritian flying fox (Pteropus niger), an endemic, keystone seed disperser. Native forests are scarce and P. niger frequently feeds in commercial plantations, where it now is considered a pest and subjected to frequent culling, thereby hindering conservation efforts. The invasive long-tailed macaque (Primates: Cercopithecidae, Macaca fascicularis) potentially competes with P. niger for scarce native fruits. We investigated the extent of dietary overlap between M. fascicularis and P. niger on Mauritius by sampling fruit drop for 17 tree species and identifying additional food species along line transects. Fruits of 13 of 17 species were eaten by animals and fruit production across tree replicates generally was low but highly variable. Although M. fascicularis ate only 4% of fruit overall, they consumed 20–100% of the fruits of seven species. Approximately 39% of dropped fruits were intact; based on field observations, most probably were dropped by M. fascicularis. Unlike P. niger, M. fascicularis ate mostly unripe fruit and depleted all fruit of certain species at an unripe stage. Hence, M. fascicularis may restrict P. niger’s diet and potentially disrupt seed dispersal of some tree species. Furthermore, small trees are more prone to fruit depletion at an unripe stage by macaques. In addition, asynchronous fruiting phenology across forest fragments may modulate the provision of native fruits to P. niger throughout the year. Although competition can be demonstrated only by controlled experimental studies that are logistically impossible in our scenario, our results highlight potential detrimental consequences that introduced frugivores may have on keystone seed dispersers. Finally, our results suggest that a more integrative and island-wide approach to forest restoration may be valuable for the conservation of P. niger.
Child Marriage in Yemen: A Mixed Methods Study in Ongoing Conflict and Displacement
Authors: Hunersen Kara , Attal Bothaina , Jeffery Allison , Metzler Janna , Alkibsi Tareq , Elnakib Shatha , Robinson W Courtland
Published: December 2020

Objectives: This study assesses the prevalence of and risk factors for child marriage in Yemen, which was experiencing a nationwide conflict at the time of the study. Study Design: We conducted a survey of internally displaced persons (IDPs) and host communities using a stratified multistage cluster sampling design. Each household included an interview with a female adult (n=1210), a household roster (n=8400), and one female adolescent interview (n=1210). We used multivariate logistic regression to assess the association between child marriage and various risk factors. We also used data from focus groups (n=411) and key informant interviews (n=30) to explore community perspectives and understand contextual factors relating to child marriage. Results: Prevalence of child marriage among IDP females aged 10-19 was 18.1% compared to 12.7% among hosts. In the regression model, being older (aOR=1.95), never attending school (aOR=3.94), place of origin of Saada (aOR=4.41), and unemployment of the female adult (aOR=2.84) showed increased odds of child marriage. Head of household unemployment (aOR=0.58) and completed higher education (aOR=0.42) showed decreased odds. Qualitatively, economic factors were cited as central factors in decision-making, both for host communities and even more so for IDPs. Perceptions of marriage readiness and negative consequences of child marriage were dependent on gender normative expectations. Conclusions: Displaced girls experience child marriage more than boys or host girls . Displacement effects economic security and household power dynamics, which affects marriage decision-making and girl s ability to self-advocate. Efforts to address child marriage in Yemen should include livelihood support, with awareness and conflict management components that start in pre-adolescence and include married and unmarried girls.