bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Processos de Mentoring e Shadowing como Ferramentas de Gestão do Conhecimento para Socialização de Novos Servidores no Departamento de Polícia Federal
Authors: D´Escragnolle Cardoso Luciano
Published: June 2018

O propósito deste artigo é investigar as principais dificuldades de socialização organizacional enfrentadas por servidores recém-empossados no Departamento de Polícia Federal, com o objetivo de apontar a possibilidade de utilização dos processos de mentoring e shadowing como ferramentas de gestão do conhecimento orientadas à aprendizagem organizacional, atuando através do compartilhamento sistematizado de experiências e do incentivo à socialização de conhecimentos entre antigos e novos servidores. Para tanto, apresenta o resultado de uma pesquisa qualitativa introdutória ao tema realizada através de entrevistas com servidores policiais empossados no órgão a partir do concurso público realizado no ano de 2004, visando apontar as dificuldades mais comuns de socialização (ambientação) por estes vivenciadas, e como os processos de mentoring e shadowing podem contribuir para a redução das barreiras enfrentadas pelos servidores entrantes no órgão, bem como atuar na disseminação da cultura interna de aprendizagem e gestão de conhecimento, agregando os conhecimentos produzidos como um incremento à memória organizacional.
A Insegurança Social e Jurídico-Penal gerada a partir do Não Cumprimento das Ordens Judiciais de Prisão
Authors: Da Silva Junior Jeronimo Jose , Fockink Rubem A.
Published: June 2018

Estudos recentes apontam que, no Brasil, há milhares de mandados de prisão sem seu  efetivo cumprimento por parte dos agentes de segurança pública. Por outro lado, há o reconhecimento mundial pela eficiência brasileira na captura de foragidos da INTERPOL. É latente o sentimento de insegurança por que passa a sociedade brasileira, aliado ao caráter de impunidade diante dos milhares de foragidos da Justiça que vagueiam pelas ruas. Desse modo, é urgente que se busquem soluções para o problema, apontando, num primeiro momento deste estudo, suas causas principais, baseando-se nos relatos de especialistas e posteriormente indicando as ações mitigadoras capazes de minimizar esse impacto sócio-jurídico.
Memória e Patrimônio: A Questão do Valor Histórico das Armas de Fogo Entregues na Campanha de Desarmamento
Authors: Martins Dyêgo Marinho
Published: June 2018

Pesquisa centrada na análise da problemática acerca dos critérios adotados para a definição do valor histórico das armas de fogo antigas e obsoletas, entregues na Campanha Nacional de Desarmamento, instituída no âmbito da Lei Federal nº 10.826/2003 (Estatuto do Desarmamento).Através da discussão sobre o regulamento atualmente em vigência, pretende-se demonstrar a ausência de um padrão confiável para a definição do valor histórico. Para tanto, é apresentada a sistemática adotada pela National Rifle Association, que considera variáveis tais como significaçãohistórica e credibilidade, associadas a fatores como oportunidade, pronta identificação e credibilidade da fonte. Por fim, discute-se como a ausência de uma norma detalhada sobre o tema indica o descuido com a preservação da memória nacional e leva à destruição das armas defogo que constituem o patrimônio histórico brasileiro.
A Vítima na Fase Preliminar do Processo Penal: Análise com Base em Investigações de Extorsão mediante Sequestro
Authors: França Rafael Francisco , Leitzke Maura da Silva
Published: June 2018

Trata o presente trabalho sobre o papel da vítima na investigação criminal e no processo penal no Brasil em breve análise. Considerando-se os estudos sobre a vitimização primária, secundária e terciária, parte-se para a comparação com situações encaradas por vítimas em casos de extorsãomediante sequestro. A partir daí, são expostos pensamentos sobre a atuação da vítima também no processo penal.
Inteligência Policial e Redes Sociais: a Polícia Federal em busca de uma política constitucionalmente sustentável
Authors: Da Silva Ivon Jorge
Published: June 2018

A atividade de inteligência policial está no centro do debate internacional, sobretudo com o advento da globalização e do desenvolvimento de relações sociais cada vez mais potencializadas por meio de redes de computadores. Em decorrência, Novas técnicas precisam ser implementadas pela polícia para fazer frente à criminalidade que avança de forma vertiginosa no mundo virtual. Nesse contexto, surgem questões das mais variadas naturezas, mas, no Estado democrático de direito, uma ponderação que não pode ficar à margem diz respeito à proteção da dignidade da pessoa humana e, paralelamente com a polícia nessa proteção. Na busca por estabelecer esta ponderação entre o papel da polícia no enfrentamento da nova criminalidade e à necessária proteção à dignidade humana mesmo nesse novo ambiente, ergue-se com importância vital a política criminal, que orienta as ferramentas adotadas pelo Estado na prevenção e combate à criminalidade. Nesse sentido, questiona-se que orientação deve seguir essa política criminal e em que bases deve estar firmada para que se coadune com o estágio das democracias e dos Estados de Direito que postulam a garantia dos direitos humanos. Conclui-se que para atender aos ditames constitucionais brasileiros, a atuação da inteligência policial deve estar estribada em uma política criminal constitucional que tenha como foco e centro a dignidade humana: uma política criminal do ser humano.
Analisando o Discurso Policial na Abordagem de Suspeitos na Via Pública: estudo de caso
Authors: Timbane Alexandre António
Published: June 2018

A presente pesquisa trata de questões linguístico-discursivas, na abordagem policial de suspeitos na via pública. Chamo a atenção para o uso da linguagem na Justiça e levanto algumas questões referentes às características do discurso utilizadas pelo policial na abordagem dos suspeitos nas vias públicas. Quais são as especificidades do discurso dos policiais, neste tipo de interação? A pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar o impacto do discurso policial na abordagem de suspeitos, discutir sua relevância para o sucesso deste tipo de interação, e demonstrar os impasses que são constitutivos do trabalho do policial, levando em conta as condições de produção desse discurso, e as variáveis sociolinguísticas nele inscritas.  O corpus desta pesquisa foi constituído por nove vídeos de abordagens policiais na Via Pública. Neles, observamos características linguístico-discursivas usadas pelo policial e pelo suspeito para a apuração de uma infração e sua autoria. Desta fase da pesquisa, concluiu-se, que há necessidade de se trazer conceitos da Linguística Forense para os cursos de Formação Policial, de forma que a Academia Militar possa “armar” os policiais com competências linguísticas que os auxiliem na prestação de um trabalho qualitativo e eficaz.
Aplicabilidade da Teoria dos Poderes Implícitos na Atividade de Polícia Judiciária
Authors: Ponte de Almeida João Conrado
Published: June 2018

O presente trabalho é uma análise sobre a possibilidade de aplicação, na atividade de polícia judiciária, da Teoria dos Poderes Implícitos, que surgiu através da decisão proferida pela Suprema Corte americana, no caso McCulloch v Maryland, onde ficou definido que deve existir uma relação razoável entre as funções estabelecidas aos órgãos pela Constituição e os meios utilizados por estes para cumprir seu mister e que os meios adotados não podem ser proibidos pela constituição. Tal teoria será contraposta aos princípios da legalidade e da eficiência previstos no artigo 37 da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988, com vistas a aplicá-la de forma a atender o princípio da razoabilidade, e não ferir os princípios da segurança jurídica e do devido processo penal.
O Emprego das Fontes Abertas no Âmbito da Atividade de Inteligência Policial
Authors: Souza Leite Sara
Published: June 2018

O presente trabalho discorre sobre o emprego das fontes abertas na atividade de inteligência policial. Nos últimos anos, houve um avanço considerado nos sistemas de comunicação e tecnologia, o que causou uma mudança de paradigmas na área da inteligência. Todavia, o serviço de inteligência no Brasil não acompanhou esse movimento, mantendo um padrão que não atende mais a todas as demandas. Essa pesquisa demonstra que é imperiosa a reforma nas estruturas das comunidades de inteligência, a fim de investir e desenvolver uma área voltada para o serviço de Open Source Intelligence (OSINT). Trata-se de uma análise sobre os objetivos e as necessidades atuais decorrentes do serviço de inteligência policial, a função da OSINT na atividade de inteligência policial, o valor de uma fonte aberta, seus atributos e suas limitações, breve histórico da atividade de inteligência de fontes abertas nos EUA e como as fontes abertas poderiam ajudar na prevenção da corrupção.
O Processo Penal como Situação Jurídica: análise do ideal para o real de Bülow e Goldschmidt
Authors: França Rafael Francisco , Vasconcelos Barbosa Milton Gustavo
Published: June 2018

Trata o presente trabalho sobre a evolução dos entendimentos sobre o processo, com ênfase nos estudos de Bülow e Goldschmidt. As análises feitas sobre o processo penal como relação ou situação jurídica são importantes para a investigação criminal, pelo que este estudo destaca a percepção de Goldschmidt acerca do processo penal como uma guerra, como um jogo (Calamandrei).
Visual Analytics for Open Source Intelligence
Authors: Carvalho Rodrigo Alves
Published: June 2018

Enhanced data visualisation technologies can contribute decisively to companies that rely on making sense of a great amount of information as their primary business objective. Graphical techniques often employed to present processed information and findings to the final customer, such as charts and scatter plots, could be improved and customized to aid analysts during the investigation phase. After examining the internal analysis tasks and data storage strategy from a security consultancy company, this work suggests an approach to enhance knowledge extraction, insight generation and hypothesis testing by applying novel techniques of interactive data visualisation and mining.
Rede Virtual de Vizinhos: inovação policial na prevenção criminal
Authors: Lemos André Fagundes , Rezende Elcio Nacur
Published: June 2018

Nas últimas décadas, a redução criminal tornou-se o principal fator de política pública dos Estados brasileiros. Diversas ações sociais e de segurança públicas foram desenvolvidas com esse objetivo. Em Minas Gerais, uma ação que obteve grande adesão pública, foi a Rede de Vizinhos Protegidos (RVP). Essa propiciou a interação e o compartilhamento de responsabilidade entre a sociedade e as instituições pública, no que tange à redução criminal. Malgrado tenha logrado considerável êxito, a evolução social denota a urgência de uma nova roupagem com o escopo de obter constante progresso. Essa evolução, principalmente no campo virtual, idealizou a Rede Virtual de Vizinhos Protegidos (RVVP) que é um aperfeiçoamento à ação usualmente desenvolvida em diversas cidades mineiras. Esta obra pretende demonstrar a RVVP e as melhoras ocasionadas ao antigo sistema, sempre tendo em vistas à redução criminal.
Airport Security, Terrorism and Mega Events: how far can and should we go?
Authors: Damasceno Guilherme
Published: June 2018

The September 11th terrorist attacks reminded the world of something it appeared to have forgotten: the importance of commercial aviation as a terrorism target. There is no doubt that over the last 50 years commercial air travel has been a favorite target of terrorists, a fact that has made airports a key focus for anti-terrorism policies and measures. With Brazil hosting two of the world’s largest sporting events – the football World Cup and the 2016 Olympic games –  the eyes of the world are focused on the country’s security preparations for such events. Perhaps for the first time, the organs responsible for public safety have to consider the subject of national level security seriously, and considerable challenges lie ahead. The recent mass street demonstrations, many of which ended in violence, tensions in the Middle East, economic crises and a lack of public confidence in government add to the risk factors to be considered. A potential increase in security measures at airports does not just represent a cost in terms of public finances, but also has implications in terms of greater restraints and limitations on individual liberties, which in turn may have a political price for the government. Finding a balance between costs, risks and possible benefits is one of the key challenges related to the choice of necessary, practical and suitable security measures for different social, economic and political contexts. The aim of the present article, which is based on a survey undertaken in an international airport, is to evaluate the level of tolerance of passengers in relation to stricter security procedures at Brazilian airports, especially during major events, as well as evaluating the perceived risk of a terrorist attack during the events. The intention is to show that, although the perceived risk of a terrorist attack among the public may be low, the great majority of passengers are in favor of increased airport security during such events. In doing so it is hoped that support may be provided for the difficult task of making decisions based on complex factors such as costs, risks and potential benefits.
Detecção de Impressões Digitais Revertidas em Documentos Falsos
Authors: Girelli Carlos Magno Alves
Published: June 2018

Recente trabalho apresentou um caso criminal onde impressões lateralmente revertidas (como se vistas através de um espelho) foram detectadas em cópias de documentos falsos com base na experiência e atenção dos examinadores e também pela ocorrência de uma série de coincidências favoráveis. Considerando que a identificação de suspeitos em casos criminais não deve depender de sorte ou da experiência particular de determinado profissional, o referido trabalho propôs a adoção de procedimento padrão visando evitar erros ao lidar com impressões revertidas. O presente artigo apresenta resultados positivos obtidos com a aplicação do referido procedimento. Serão apresentados alguns conceitos fundamentais sobre impressões digitais e identificação forense, bem como discutidos alguns aspectos relacionados à dificuldade de detecção de impressões revertidas. Tais aspectos envolvem percepção visual, influência do contexto sobre o examinador, adoção de procedimentos operacionais padrão, uso de sistemas automatizados de identificação de impressões digitais (AFIS), taxas de erros e tomadas de decisão baseadas em custos e benefícios.
Infiltração Policial em Organizações Criminosas
Authors: Cordeiro Marcello Diniz
Published: June 2018

O enfrentamento à criminalidade organizada tem ensejado a utilização de novas técnicas para obtenção de provas cabais para o desmantelamento em definitivo de organizações criminosas. Uma dessas técnicas é a inserção de uma agente infiltrado no seio da organização que se busca destruir, com o objetivo de conhecer a sua estrutura e proporcionar provas contundentes que possam ser consideradas válidas na justiça brasileira. Neste sentido, o artigo elaborado buscou agregar a doutrina, a legislação e também a experiência de anos do autor no combate à criminalidade organizada, como uma forma de trazer um novo ângulo de visão da infiltração policial.
O Efeito Pedagógico de Operações da Polícia Federal: Um Estudo de Caso da Operação "Caixa de Pandora"
Authors: Lopes Alan de Oliveira
Published: June 2018

O objetivo desse artigo é demonstrar que os efeitos pedagógicos de investigações criminais de combate à corrupção podem ser mensurados em termos dos seus benefícios econômico-financeiros. É relatado estudo de caso relativo a denominada “Operação Caixa de Pandora” onde se analisou o comportamento de cartel atuante em contratações de órgão da Administração pública e a mudança do referido comportamento após a deflagração da investigação criminal.
Homem Cordial e Violência no Brasil: atuação do delegado de polícia na proteção da dignidade da pessoa humana
Authors: Ramos Alan Robson Alexandrino
Published: June 2018

Este artigo aborda o conceito e características do “homem cordial” e da violência no Brasil, confrontando com a atuação da Polícia Judiciária, especificamente do seu gestor, o Delegado de Polícia, na investigação de crimes e na proteção da Dignidade da Pessoa Humana.
Limites Constitucionais Relativos à Prova na Investigação Criminal
Authors: Barbosa Emerson Silva
Published: June 2018

Trata-se de trabalho que busca expor e discutir os limites constitucionais relativos à prova no processo penal brasileiro. A intenção aqui é abordar os problemas decorrentes da licitude da prova sob a perspectiva negativa — da proibição de uso de prova ilícita. Desse modo, pretendemos abordar o problema da obtenção da prova em situações que requerem o afastamento de direitos fundamentais, tais como a intimidade ou privacidade e a integridade corporal.
Análise Espaço-Temporal dos Roubos de Veículos ocorridos durante o ano de 2013 nas regiões das Áreas de Segurança Pública Integrada 4 e 6 no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Porcino Wellington Clay
Published: June 2018

O presente trabalho procurará analisar as características espaciais e temporais dos roubos de veículos ocorridos nas regiões das áreas de segurança pública integradas (AISP) 4 (São Cristóvão e parte da Zona Portuária) e 6 (Região da Grande Tijuca) na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, de modo a determinar a frequência espacial e temporal de tais fatos, como forma de permitir aos gestores policiais um emprego mais eficiente de seus meios humanos e materiais.
A Polícia e a Política Criminal nos Crimes de Colarinho Branco no Brasil: um estudo de caso a partir de investigações da Polícia Federal no nordeste da Bahia
Authors: Guimarães Amaro José de Barros
Published: June 2018

O presente trabalho é uma análise acerca da atuação da Polícia Federal como linha de frente da política criminal, especialmente no caso proposto a estudo, fruto de investigação desenvolvida pela Delegacia de Polícia Federal em Juazeiro, ocorrida no nordeste da Bahia, identificandoproblemas relacionados à repressão aos crimes de desvios de recursos públicos, especialmente quando praticados por organizações criminosas. No caso em apreço, fica claramente demonstrada a necessidade de adoção de novas políticas criminais para os crimes de colarinho branco, especialmente quando passamos a identificar a atuação polarizada dos integrantes de organização criminosas em diversos municípios. Apenas a polícia judiciária isoladamente não terá condições de resolver o problema da impunidade se a política criminal não for orientada para a prevenção dos crimes dessa natureza. É preciso entender como atuam as  organizações criminosas na prática desse tipo de delito e passar a atuar com mais eficiência e eficácia, para munir o poder judiciário de ferramentas capazes de reprimir efetivamente os crimes em comento. Conhecer como atuam os estigmas e a teoria da associação diferencial nos crimes do colarinho branco é fundamental para a compreensão do problema.
A Gênese das Grandes Operações Investigativas da Polícia Federal
Authors: Santos Célio Jacinto
Published: June 2018

Nossa pesquisa está estruturada numa parte inicial sobre a colocação do problema, a metodologia empregada e as premissas da pesquisa. Em seguida, teremos que fazer abordagens introdutórias sobre a PF, com breve análise sobre suas origens, sua função de polícia judiciária da União, bem como a política criminal de guerra às drogas e os interesses em jogo na fase inicial da organização, que levaram ao desenvolvimento das grandes operações. Com estas abordagens propedêuticas, passaremos a analisar o surgimento das grandes operações na década de 80, na área de repressão de entorpecentes, com destaque para a Operação Eccentric de 1985, e depois nos crimes fazendários, assinalando que esta fase constitui uma segunda etapa das megaoperações, as quais foram expandidas a partir de 2000. Analisaremos, ainda, o surgimento da doutrina policial federal com suas influências internas e externas, e exploraremos brevemente a repercussão das grandes operações na sociedade, no ambiente político e na imprensa, permitindo, por fim, concluir nossas pesquisas sobre as grandes operações.
Race and Racism
Authors: Hughey Matthew
Published: June 2018

What is race? What is racism? How do they relate, especially as they pertain to Bahá’í teachings on both racial accord and prejudice? There have been nearly eighty years of social scientific advancement on, and illumination of, these issues since Shoghi Effendi wrote in The Advent of Divine Justice that “racial prejudice” is the “most vital and challenging issue confronting the Bahá’í community at the present stage of its evolution” (33–34). Accordingly, I review the concepts of race and racism based on the latest social scientific understanding of them in order to better understand their definition and operation and to delineate their relation to one another. I then consider how these concepts are used in the Writings of the Central Figures and Institution of the Bahá’í Faith and attempt to correlate them with modern social scientific knowledge in order to provide a more nuanced and accurate understanding of them, which in turn may assist with better applications of the Bahá’í teachings to contemporary public discourse.
Cockroach Associated Foodborne Pathogens: Distribution and Antibiogram
Authors: Naher Akhtarun , Afroz Sadia , Hamid Shahida
Published: June 2018

Cockroaches are among the most common pests in public dwellings and health facilities. Owing to their close association with man and all his surroundings they are consideredas potential carrier and transmitter of human diseases. In hospital, cockroaches are the possible vector of nosocomial infection, specially for the transmission of drug resistant bacteria. The aim of the present study was to identify the major cockroach species, to isolate common foodborne pathogens from cockroach and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of isolated bacteria. This casecontrol study was conducted on cockroaches captured from hospital, restaurants and houses in Dhaka city, from a period of July to December 2014. A total of 450 cockroaches were collected. Among these 300 cockroaches (150 from hospital and 150 from restaurants) were considered as case and 150 cockroaches from houses were enrolled as control group. All (100%) cockroaches were identified as Blattellagermanica. Examination of external surface and gut homogenates showed that all (100%) cockroaches carried bacteria, while carriage rate of fungi and parasites were 28.2% and 3.7% respectively. Of 1901 isolated bacteria, Escherichia coli (15.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.4%) and Salmonella spp.(12.9%) were the predominant bacteria. Other bacteria of medical relevance included,Shigella spp. (6.4%), Klebsiella spp. (8.8%), Proteus spp. (9.6%) and Staphylococcus aureus (4.3%). Antibiotic resistance pattern showed high resistance rate (62.4%) of bacterial isolates to different antibiotics. Additionally, 1051(55.3%) of the isolates were multi drug resistant (MDR) strains, which were resistant to 5-14 antibiotics. The findings of this study revealed that, cockroaches are potential source of pathogenic microorganisms including multi drug resistant bacterial strains, which could be a major threat to public health. Hence, effective preventive and control measures are required to minimize cockroach related infections.Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2018; 44(1):30-38
Outcome of Surgical Induction of Labourin a Combined Military Hospital
Authors: Ara Ismat , Sultana Rokshana , Solaiman SM , Hassain MN Sakhawat
Published: June 2018

Induction of labour is considered justified when the benefits of prompt delivery outweigh the consequences of Caeserian Section (CS). Literature on the effectiveness and safety of surgical induction of labour in term and postdated pregnancy is limited in Bangladesh. This study was aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of surgical induction of labour in term and postdated pregnancy.This prospective clinical study was conducted in the in-patient Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka from July, 2005 to June 2006. A total of 100 pregnant women with term and postdated pregnancy were selected for the study by simple random sampling. The particulars of the patient, detailed menstrual and obstetric history, induction delivery interval, mode of delivery and foetal outcome and maternal complications were recorded. The results were analysed by Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 16.0.The mean±SD age of the participants was 25.79±6.16 years with a range of 18-38 years. The indication of Induction of labour included term pregnancy (79%) and postdated pregnancy (21%).Normal vaginal delivery was done in 78% cases, CS in 17% cases and vacuum extraction in 5% cases.Ninety three percent babies were born healthy, 6% were asphyxiated, perinatal death 2% and still born 1%. O2 inhalation was needed for 6% babies. Prolonged second stage (7%), post-partum haemorrhage (8%), maternal distress during labour (10%) and manual removal of placenta (12%) were the observed maternal complications.No significant difference was observed between term and post term pregnancy in the term of normal vaginal delivery, vacuum extraction and lower uterine cesarean section.Induction of labour is beneficial for both term and postdated pregnancy with associated complications. Foetal outcome was good and maternal complications were acceptable.Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2018; 44(1):52-58
Influence of amino acid additives on solution behaviour of L-alanine
Authors: Othman Muhamad Fitri , Anuar Nornizar , Bakar Noor Fitrah Abu , Rahman Norazah Abdul
Published: June 2018

The solubility experiment of L-alanine solution was performed in a 250ml jacketed glass crystallizer without and with amino acid additives at temperature from 15oC to 75oC by means of gravimetric method. On the whole, L-leucine additive significantly altered the solubility of L-alanine and Glycine additive caused an erratic pattern on the solubility data of L-alanine. The hydrophobic methyl side chain of L-leucine additives is believed to contribute to the formation of water clathrate in the solution which affected the interaction of L-alanine molecules in water solvent and thus modified the solubility of L-alanine. Finally, thermodynamic data analysis of L-alanine solution was extensively assessed. The negative deviation of L-alanine from the ideal solution is as a result of high solute-solvent interaction, which is due to the hydrophobicity and clathrate phenomenon of the water molecules in the solution.

Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 20(2018) 23-29
Expanding Australian Indigenous Entrepreneurship Education Ecosystems
Authors: Maritz Alex , Foley Dennis
Published: June 2018

Australian Indigenous entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship education represents a significant opportunity for Indigenous people to enhance their entrepreneurial skills, in turn building vibrant Indigenous-led economies that support sustainable economic development and social well-being. This study is the first of its kind to explore the conceptualization of a framework of Australian Indigenous entrepreneurship education ecosystems. The purpose is to provide emergent inquiry and participatory action research into entrepreneurship education ecosystems, enabling the expansion of Indigenous research and practice; with the objective of delineating specific fundamentals associated with Indigenous entrepreneurs, such as limitations in social, human, and financial capital. We include and integrate Australian Indigenous value perspectives, including Indigenous knowledge, wisdom, and resilience, as well as the cultural captivity of entrepreneurship and Indigenous culture. The addition to the body of knowledge provides practical implications and a framework to the benefit of all ecosystem participants, including entrepreneurship educators, Indigenous entrepreneurs, policy-makers, training suppliers, and dynamic institutional participants, such as incubators, accelerators, and community development initiatives.
Seed Yield and Water Productivity of Irrigated Winter Canola (Brassica napus L.) under Semiarid Climate and High Elevation
Authors: Djaman Koffi , O’Neill Michael , Owen Curtis , Smeal Daniel , West Margaret , Begay Dallen , Angadi Sangamesh V. , Koudahe Komlan , Allen Samuel , Lombard Kevin
Published: June 2018

Canola is a cash crop produced for its highly-valued seed, and as a protein source for animal feed. While winter canola is produced mainly in the high plains, it is expanding to new environments, and is greatly incorporated into crop systems with advantages in terms of increasing crop yield and improving soil health. The objectives of this study were to evaluate eight winter canola genotypes for seed yield, and to determine their water productivity under semiarid climates and high elevations in the Four Corners region at Farmington, New Mexico. A field experiment was conducted at the New Mexico State Agricultural Science Center at Farmington for five growing seasons. Eight genotypes of winter canola (Baldur, Flash, Safran, Sitro, Virginia, Visby, Wichita, and Sumner) were arranged into the randomized complete block design. The field was fully irrigated with a center pivot irrigation system. Results showed that winter canola seed yield was dependent on genotype, varying from 2393 to 5717 kg/ha. The highest yield was achieved by Sitro, and the lowest yield by Sumner. There was inter-annual variation in canola nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE), irrigation water-use efficiency (IWUE), and crop water-use efficiency (CWUE). NUE varied from 12.9 to 50.4 kg seed/kg N, with the highest NUE achieved by Sitro, and the lowest by Sumner. IWUE varied from 0.34 to 0.80 kg/m3, and canola CWUE from 0.28 to 0.69 kg/m3. The highest water productivity was achieved by Sitro. The results of this study showed full assessment of canola production under the semiarid climate in the Four Corners region, and could improve crop productivity and profitability.
Bloch Oscillations in the Chains of Artificial Atoms Dressed with Photons
Authors: Levie Ilay , Slepyan Gregory
Published: June 2018

We present a model of one-dimensional chain of two-level artificial atoms driven with DC field and quantum light simultaneously in a strong coupling regime. The interaction of atoms with light leads to electron-photon entanglement (dressing of the atoms with light). The driving via dc field leads to the Bloch oscillations (BO) in the chain of dressed atoms. We consider the mutual influence of dressing and BO and show that scenario of oscillations dramatically differs from predicted by the Jaynes-Cummings and Bloch-Zener models. We study the evolution of the population inversion, tunneling current, photon probability distribution, mean number of photons, and photon number variance, and show the influence of BO on the quantum-statistical characteristics of light. For example, the collapse-revivals picture and vacuum Rabi-oscillations are strongly modulated with Bloch frequency. As a result, quantum properties of light and degree of electron-photon entanglement become controllable via adiabatic dc field turning. On the other hand, the low-frequency tunneling current depends on the quantum light statistics (in particular, for coherent initial state it is modulated accordingly the collapse-revivals picture). The developed model is universal with respect to the physical origin of artificial atom and frequency range of atom-light interaction. The model is adapted to the 2D-heterostructures (THz frequencies), semiconductor quantum dots (optical range), and Josephson junctions (microwaves). The data for numerical simulations are taken from recently published experiments. The obtained results open a new way in quantum state engineering and nano-photonic spectroscopy.
Effect of Wettability on Collapsing Cavitation Bubble near Solid Surface Studied by Multi-Relaxation-Time Lattice Boltzmann Model
Authors: Zhu Yipeng , Shan Minglei , Yang Yu , Han Qingbang , Zhu Changping , Zhang Xuewu
Published: June 2018

The interaction between cavitation bubbles and solid surfaces is an important issue when investigating the mechanism of collapsing cavitation bubbles. The property of a solid surface has a great effect on the inception, development and collapse of the bubbles. In this work, we aim to investigate the effect of wettability on collapsing cavitation bubbles using the multi-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann model. First, the pseudopotential multi-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann is improved by involving the piecewise linear equation of state and the improved forcing scheme modified by Li et al. The improved pseudopotential model is verified by the Laplace law. Next, the fluid–solid interaction in the model is employed to adjust the wettability of the solid surface. Moreover, the simulation of the collapse of the cavitation bubble near the solid surface is compared by the experiment results. Finally, the simulation of the collapsing cavitation bubbles near the solid surface with different wettability is also investigated. We find that the numerical results of the collapsing bubble are in good agreement with the experimental results. The simulation results show that the hydrophobicity of the solid surface can accelerate the cavitation bubble collapse. The hydrophilicity of the solid surface has little effect on the collapsing bubbles.
Review of Auxetic Materials for Sports Applications: Expanding Options in Comfort and Protection
Authors: Duncan Olly , Shepherd Todd , Moroney Charlotte , Foster Leon , Venkatraman Praburaj D. , Winwood Keith , Allen Tom , Alderson Andrew
Published: June 2018

Following high profile, life changing long term mental illnesses and fatalities in sports such as skiing, cricket and American football—sports injuries feature regularly in national and international news. A mismatch between equipment certification tests, user expectations and infield falls and collisions is thought to affect risk perception, increasing the prevalence and severity of injuries. Auxetic foams, structures and textiles have been suggested for application to sporting goods, particularly protective equipment, due to their unique form-fitting deformation and curvature, high energy absorption and high indentation resistance. The purpose of this critical review is to communicate how auxetics could be useful to sports equipment (with a focus on injury prevention), and clearly lay out the steps required to realise their expected benefits. Initial overviews of auxetic materials and sporting protective equipment are followed by a description of common auxetic materials and structures, and how to produce them in foams, textiles and Additively Manufactured structures. Beneficial characteristics, limitations and commercial prospects are discussed, leading to a consideration of possible further work required to realise potential uses (such as in personal protective equipment and highly conformable garments).
Beyond the Linear Stark Effect: A Retrospective
Authors: Demura Alexander V.
Published: June 2018

A review of studies of the electric-field influence on spectral lines is presented, beginning from the discovery of the Stark effect, and in particular focused on phenomena related to the effects of the plasma microfield non-uniformity.
Systematics of the Third Row Transition Metal Melting: The HCP Metals Rhenium and Osmium
Authors: Burakovsky Leonid , Burakovsky Naftali , Preston Dean , Simak Sergei
Published: June 2018

The melting curves of rhenium and osmium to megabar pressures are obtained from an extensive suite of ab initio quantum molecular dynamics (QMD) simulations using the Z method. In addition, for Re, we combine QMD simulations with total free energy calculations to obtain its phase diagram. Our results indicate that Re, which generally assumes a hexagonal close-packed (hcp) structure, melts from a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure in the pressure range 20–240 GPa. We conclude that the recent DAC data on Re to 50 GPa in fact encompass both the true melting curve and the low-slope hcp-fcc phase boundary above a triple point at (20 GPa, 4240 K). A linear fit to the Re diamond anvil cell (DAC) data then results in a slope that is 2.3 times smaller than that of the actual melting curve. The phase diagram of Re is topologically equivalent to that of Pt calculated by us earlier on. Regularities in the melting curves of Re, Os, and five other 3rd-row transition metals (Ta, W, Ir, Pt, Au) form the 3rd-row transition metal melting systematics. We demonstrate how this systematics can be used to estimate the currently unknown melting curve of the eighth 3rd-row transition metal Hf.
Principles of Bayesian Inference Using General Divergence Criteria
Authors: Jewson Jack , Smith Jim Q. , Holmes Chris
Published: June 2018

When it is acknowledged that all candidate parameterised statistical models are misspecified relative to the data generating process, the decision maker (DM) must currently concern themselves with inference for the parameter value minimising the Kullback–Leibler (KL)-divergence between the model and this process (Walker, 2013). However, it has long been known that minimising the KL-divergence places a large weight on correctly capturing the tails of the sample distribution. As a result, the DM is required to worry about the robustness of their model to tail misspecifications if they want to conduct principled inference. In this paper we alleviate these concerns for the DM. We advance recent methodological developments in general Bayesian updating (Bissiri, Holmes & Walker, 2016) to propose a statistically well principled Bayesian updating of beliefs targeting the minimisation of more general divergence criteria. We improve both the motivation and the statistical foundations of existing Bayesian minimum divergence estimation (Hooker & Vidyashankar, 2014; Ghosh & Basu, 2016), allowing the well principled Bayesian to target predictions from the model that are close to the genuine model in terms of some alternative divergence measure to the KL-divergence. Our principled formulation allows us to consider a broader range of divergences than have previously been considered. In fact, we argue defining the divergence measure forms an important, subjective part of any statistical analysis, and aim to provide some decision theoretic rational for this selection. We illustrate how targeting alternative divergence measures can impact the conclusions of simple inference tasks, and discuss then how our methods might apply to more complicated, high dimensional models.
Day Ahead Real Time Pricing and Critical Peak Pricing Based Power Scheduling for Smart Homes with Different Duty Cycles
Authors: Javaid Nadeem , Ahmed Adnan , Iqbal Sohail , Ashraf Mahmood
Published: June 2018

In this paper, we propose a demand side management (DSM) scheme in the residential area for electricity cost and peak to average ratio (PAR) alleviation with maximum users’ satisfaction. For this purpose, we implement state-of-the-art algorithms: enhanced differential evolution (EDE) and teacher learning-based optimization (TLBO). Furthermore, we propose a hybrid technique (HT) having the best features of both aforementioned algorithms. We consider a system model for single smart home as well as for a community (multiple homes) and each home consists of multiple appliances with different priorities. The priority is assigned (to each appliance) by electricity consumers and then the proposed scheme finds an optimal solution according to the assigned priorities. Day-ahead real time pricing (DA-RTP) and critical peak pricing (CPP) are used for electricity cost calculation. To validate our proposed scheme, simulations are carried out and results show that our proposed scheme efficiently achieves the aforementioned objectives. However, when we perform a comparison with existing schemes, HT outperforms other state-of-the-art schemes (TLBO and EDE) in terms of electricity cost and PAR reduction while minimizing the average waiting time.
Monte Carlo-Based Comprehensive Assessment of PV Hosting Capacity and Energy Storage Impact in Realistic Finnish Low-Voltage Networks
Authors: Arshad Ammar , Püvi Verner , Lehtonen Matti
Published: June 2018

The direction taken towards sustainable power system and renewable energy generation is now irreversible. The power grid needs to host more renewable energy sources, such as solar power, and tackle power quality problems that come along with it. In this paper, firstly, the Hosting Capacities (HCs), of Photo-Voltaic (PV), were found for various regions and their limiting constraints were defined. Afterwards, comparison was made with the HC values obtained for different voltage value standards defined by various countries. Next, single-phase PV connection percentages in the network were defined that makes the voltage unbalance the limiting factor for HC. Lastly, the HC of the solar generation coupled with a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) was assessed for the Finnish Low-Voltage (LV) grids. Different BESS-based scenarios were employed and their impact on voltage unbalance and HCs were observed. Finally, also the load voltage unbalance was incorporated to make the approach realistic and its impact on HC was analyzed. Results reveal that, depending on the connection strategy, the BESS can increase as well as decrease the HC based on voltage unbalance criteria. However, the load voltage unbalance has little effect on the solar HC values.
Dual-Side Independent Switched Capacitor Control for Wireless Power Transfer with Coplanar Coils
Authors: Han Chong , Zhang Bo , Fang Zanfeng , Qiu Dongyuan , Chen Yanfeng , Xiao Wenxun
Published: June 2018

The transfer coils of traditional Magnetic Coupling Resonant Wireless Power Transfer (MCR-WPT) systems are generally arranged coaxially. Coplanar coils can be an alternative scheme that can save more space in some applications, such as mobile phone wireless charging. However, the inductances of coplanar coils are sensitive to foreign objects, which leads to a reduction in transfer efficiency and output power. A MCR-WPT system with coplanar coils and its control strategy are proposed in this paper. First, the characteristic of the mutual inductance and the magnetic field distribution between the coplanar coils are analyzed. A formula to calculate mutual inductance between the coplanar coils is proposed in this part. Secondly, the effect of inductance offset and frequency detuning on transfer efficiency and output power are analyzed. Then, the control strategy to eliminate frequency detuning is proposed. The proposed method implements switched capacitor to take place of constant compensation capacitor. The equivalent capacitance of switched capacitor is adjusted when the frequency detuning occurred. Thus, the inherent frequency of the resonant tank tracks the source frequency all the time. Since the switched capacitor of each side is controlled based on the quantity of their own, the control process is independent and does not require wireless communication. The complexity and the cost of the system are reduced. At the end of the article, the veracity of mutual inductance formula and the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy are verified by experiments. The experimental coils are placed in in an environment full of interference. The inductances of the coils are reduced from 224 μH to about 214 μH. The transfer efficiency and output power of MCR-WPT system with closed-loop control are higher than the one without control. At a distance of 5 cm from edge to edge, the transfer efficiency is 76.37% under the proposed control and 72.21% under no control. The output power is 285.66 W under the proposed control and 271.37 W under no control.
Migration and Morphology of Asymmetric Barchans in the Central Hexi Corridor of Northwest China
Authors: Zhang Zhengcai , Dong Zhibao , Hu Guangyin , Parteli Eric J. R.
Published: June 2018

Crescent-shaped barchan dunes often display an asymmetric shape, with one limb longer than the other. As shown in previous studies, asymmetric bimodal winds constitute one major cause of barchan asymmetry, but the heterogeneous conditions of sand availability or flux, as well as topographic influences, may be also important. Understanding the morphology and dynamics of asymmetric barchans may have an impact in a broad range of areas, particularly as these dunes may serve as a proxy for planetary wind regimes and soil conditions in extraterrestrial environments. However, in addition to the existing theories and numerical models that explain barchan asymmetry, direct measurements of migration rates and morphologic changes of real asymmetric barchans over a time span of several years would be beneficial. Therefore, here we report such measurements, which we have acquired by investigating asymmetric barchans in the Hexi Corridor, northwest of China. We have found that dune interactions and asymmetric influx conditions are the most important causes of barchan asymmetry in this field. Particle size distributions in the Hexi Corridor display strong variations over different parts of the asymmetric barchans, as well as over different dunes, with gravel particles being incorporated from the substrate as the dunes migrate. Our observations have shown that upwind sediment sources are important for dune formation in the Hexi Corridor, and that interdune interactions affect dune shape in different ways, depending on their offset. The asymmetric barchans in the Hexi Corridor are active, with an average migration rate (MR) between 8 and 53 m year−1, in spite of the different asymmetric shapes. Our data for dune migration rates can be described well by a scaling of MR = A/(W + W0), where W is the barchan cross-wind width, A ≈ 2835 m2 s−1, and W0 ≈ 44 m. A similar scaling fits very well the migration rate as a function of dune along-wind width L, (i.e., MR = B/(L + L0), with B ≈ 1722 m2 s−1 and L0 ≈ 13 m). Linear relations are also found between both dune widths and the average limb and windward side lengths, thus indicating that the morphometric relations that are predicted from models for steady-state, symmetric crescent-shaped dunes can be applied to different transitional morphologies of interacting, asymmetric barchans.
Geotourism and Local Development Based on Geological and Mining Sites Utilization, Zaruma-Portovelo, Ecuador
Authors: Carrión Mero Paúl , Herrera Franco Gricelda , Briones Josué , Caldevilla Pablo , Domínguez-Cuesta María José , Berrezueta Edgar
Published: June 2018

This study offers a detailed assessment of the geosites and mining sites present in the Zaruma-Portovelo mining district (Ecuador) through their qualitative and quantitative assessment. It shows up the potentiality of this area taking advantage of its geological-mining heritage. The methodological process includes: (i) compilation and inventory of all the sites within the study area with particular geological or mining interest; (ii) preparation of reports and thematic cartography, (iii) assessment and classification of the elements of geological-mining interest; (iv) SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis and TOWS (Threats, Opportunities, Weaknesses, Strengths) matrix preparation seeking strategies to guarantee the viability of geotourism. A total of 16 sites of geological interest and 11 of mining interest were identified. The 77% of these sites was proved to be of high and very high interest in scientific terms. Likewise, their susceptibility to degradation assessed from their vulnerability and fragility was found to be high or very high in the 30% of the cases. As for the protection priority, all the studied sites obtained a medium-high result. Finally, the study based on the SWOT-TOWS revealed the possibility of applying action strategies in order to facilitate the compatibility of geotourism with the current productive activities, despite the difficult situation in the study area created by mining activities.
Environmental Determinants of Infectious Disease Transmission: A Focus on One Health Concept
Authors: Yeh Hui-Yi , Chen Kou-Huang , Chen Kow-Tong
Published: June 2018

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