bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Boosting prospects: Remote work experience with post-16 students
Authors: Willard Eleanor
Published: January 2023

This short report will outline a remote work experience scheme that has successfully been running for three years in the psychology group within the Leeds School of Social Sciences. It is designed to aid transition to university for pre-tertiary students by introducing them to undergraduate literacy skills and making their expectations of university level study more realistic. Students act as remote research assistants by working on a brief provided by an academic within the psychology group. The brief summarises a research topic and asks for students to source relevant research and produce a reflective report of their thoughts on the area. The lead academic then provides a brief reference on the work received to the student and their school or college. The scheme is still growing and being refined year on year. This paper describes the scheme in its current form and discusses its effectiveness and potential future directions.
Psychology internship as partnership: Four perspectives
Authors: Stiles-Smith Benita , Isler Nadine , Kennedy Barbara , Beckett Jenni
Published: January 2023

Internships for psychologists are intended to provide grounding and training for practice in the field. We posit that this, though certainly bringing focused attention to content and competencies, is best completed within collaborative working relationships intentionally nurtured between educational and practice settings on behalf of the intern to greater degrees than are normally present in most internships. This article brings views from four perspectives: Those of the University Programme Co-ordinator in overview, the Intern Psychologist, the Psychologist Site Supervisor, and the Psychologist University Supervisor. Using a mountaineering metaphor, we present a chronicle of the experience, useful learnings, and practical recommendations. The four authors worked together through the internship year, with the intern working in an on-campus student health centre. Internship detail of this setting is provided to anchor the narrative, but the learnings generalise across internship settings.
Double the challenge: Reflections on supervising qualitative and critical dissertation projects
Authors: Abbott Keeley , Earnshaw Deborah
Published: January 2023

Drawing on our own experience, we reflect on the documented challenges of undergraduate supervision faced by qualitative researchers, and extend this discussion by further considering the issues raised by supervising projects that engage with critical perspectives. Concerns are identified regarding the dominance of traditional psychological thought in psychology programmes and the lack of teaching around critical psychology. We outline the implications for students embarking on critical qualitative projects and the additional demands placed on supervisors using examples within the fields of gender and sexuality. We end by emphasising the value of projects that require engagement with critical frameworks for students’ future personal and professional development. The importance of teaching critical psychology and critical ideas as a staple and integrated part of the psychology curriculum is made clear.
What can we learn from exploring cognitive appraisal, coping styles and perceived stress in UK undergraduate dissertation students?
Authors: Korbmacher Max , Wright Lynn
Published: January 2023

Undergraduate dissertation students’ cognitive appraisal, coping styles and perceived stress were examined at three time points during their undergraduate dissertation projects (UDP), observing whether cognitive appraisal and coping styles predicted perceived stress and their temporal changes. Sixty-four dissertation students completed the Perceived Stress Scale, an adapted Cognitive Appraisal of Health Scale, the Brief COPE and explorative open-ended questions. Linear Regression models for each time-point showed coping styles and cognitive appraisal predicted perceived stress, but single coping styles and primary appraisal harm/loss predicted stress levels inconsistently over time. Analyses indicated significant effects of time-point on primary appraisals benign/irrelevance, harm/loss and challenge but none for secondary appraisal, coping styles or perceived stress. Content Analysis showed perceived stressors and coping styles to be a function of the UDP’s stages and their tasks and challenges. Implications and recommendations for students and supervisors are discussed.
A waste of science? The case for depositing undergraduate psychology dissertation research in institutional repositories
Authors: Churchyard Jamie S.
Published: January 2023

The following paper makes the case for a recommended practice of depositing undergraduate student dissertations into Higher Education Institute (HEI) institutional research repositories. In discussing this, the reasons for doing so, and a comprehensive discussion of the benefits and challenges (motivationally, logistically and ethically) for the discipline, students and supervisors are highlighted, along with ways in which the challenges may be addressed. Guidelines to simplify, and therefore encourage, greater rates of submission of undergraduate dissertation research into institutional research repositories are noted, along with the potential consequences for the Research Excellence Framework and Teaching Excellence Framework exercises. It is the author’s hope that this paper will stimulate further discussion of this idea, including bringing to light considerations not addressed here.
Students’ attitudes toward learning statistics with R
Authors: Counsell Alyssa , Cribbie Robert A.
Published: January 2023

Statistics play an important role in psychology, but statistics modules are notoriously unpopular amongst psychology students. We examined attitudes toward statistics and attitudes toward the statistical software package R in both undergraduate and postgraduate students across the duration of a statistics module. Participants’ responses were analysed using both quantitative and qualitative techniques. Results demonstrated that, on average, students in introductory level modules held neutral (not negative) attitudes, but students at higher study levels held somewhat positive attitudes towards R and statistics. While not all students enjoyed learning R, our findings demonstrate that many students enjoyed statistics or R, most students found statistics/R valuable and they generally reported feeling competent using software by the end of their module. These results challenge the argument that R is not suitable for undergraduate psychology students. Consequently, benefits, challenges, and implications of teaching R to psychology students are discussed.
Facilitating teaching and learning of teratogens: Using alcohol and drug neonate simulators in further and higher education
Authors: Khan Humaira , Pourzanjani Pamela
Published: January 2023

Drug and alcohol neonate simulators were used to highlight the effects of substance misuse on prenatal development within lifespan development modules to 61 Psychology undergraduates and 12 sixth-form Health and Social Care students. A mixed method approach was used considering both knowledge development and perceptions of experiential hands-on learning. Student knowledge of the effects of drugs and alcohol on prenatal development was assessed before and after an interactive session on teratogenesis utilising neonate simulators demonstrating these effects. With this experiential learning approach, the statistical analysis combining both groups showed increased knowledge after the interactive session, and the students perceived this enhanced understanding to be a direct result of hands-on interaction with the neonate simulators. The researchers encourage the use of neonate simulators as good practice that can be effectively incorporated into the psychology and other health-related teaching contexts to facilitate knowledge on teratogenesis.
Academic-practitioner symbiosis
Authors: Nancarrow Clive , Tinson Julie
Published: January 2023

Honey Bees are the individuals who straddle the academic/commercial research divide.Professor Clive NancarrowandDr Julie Tinsonreview past attempts to bring the two worlds together and put the case for a bit of ‘speed dating’.
Confessional tales: Interviewing gay men – a heterosexual experience1
Authors: Drummond Murray J.N.
Published: January 2023

This paper is a confessional tale of my experiences as a heterosexual male interviewing gay men on issues of masculinity and body image. As a researcher on masculinity and body image over the past 12 years interviewing a range of males across ages, demographics and various sub-cultures, gay men appeared to me as being an important group of men to study given they have been under-researched where body image is concerned. Indeed, their voices have not been heard in many qualitative research projects to date. Therefore, my aim was to listen to the voices of gay men, both younger and older, and allow them to share their life historical experiences around masculinity and the body. Some of the men I interviewed found it intriguing that I was a heterosexual male attempting to find out about gay men’s experiences. I did not consider this to be an issue at the time, nor do I consider it to be an issue now. The following is an account of my experiences as a heterosexual male interviewing gay men.
Pluralism in qualitative research: Some emerging findings
Authors: Frost Nollaig
Published: January 2023

Last year I was funded by QMiP to organise a symposium for researchers to discuss the emerging findings of the Pluralism in Qualitative Research project (PQR). The interest in PQR and the symposium was such that a second event was organised. This paper presents a brief history of the project and some of the questions that were raised at the symposia. It ends by identifying some questions about mixing qualitative methods that were discussed.
Reflexively probing relational ethical challenges
Authors: Finlay Linda , Molano-Fisher Pat
Published: January 2023

‘Relational ethics requires researchers to act from our hearts and minds, to acknowledge our interpersonal bonds to others, and initiate and maintain conversations’(Ellis, 2007, p.4).
‘We could be diving for pearls’: The value of the gem in experiential qualitative psychology
Authors: Smith Jonathan A.
Published: January 2023

This paper presents the gem as a valuable concept for experiential qualitative psychology. The gem is the relatively rare utterance that is especially resonant and offers potent analytic leverage to a study. After contextualising and defining the gem, the paper will give an example from my work on the experience of pain to help illustrate the power of the gem. This will then be discussed in relation to ideas from hermeneutics and hermeneutic phenomenology. I will then offer a speculative spectrum of gems, in terms of the degree to which the meaning of the gem is transparent in the manifest utterance. The spectrum is from shining through suggestive to secret, and I give examples of each type.
The athlete’s experience of flourishing
Authors: Ashfield Arabella , McKenna Jim , Backhouse Susan
Published: January 2023

Positive psychology aims to study what makes life worth living. However, one of its key concepts, flourishing, is described as being mentally healthy, while for others it involves other positive psychological constructs such as growth, generativity, optimal functioning and resilience. This diversity suggests a lack of conceptual clarity. Descriptions have originated from investigations into subjective well-being and psychological functioning, with quantitative methods having dominated empirical research. The current study aims to provide an empirically derived conceptualisation of flourishing through qualitative methods. Inductive content analysis was carried out on semi-structured interviews with national or development team athletes competing at international level with an average age of 21.3 years. Findings characterised flourishing firstly, by internally-focused attributes, feelings and affective states; and secondly, by the fulfilment of areas of life which are perceived as important to the athlete. Overall, flourishing is described as an individually-specific notion of optimal well-being, which shares factors contributing to subjective well-being and to happiness. Strengths and weaknesses of the study and implications for applied practitioners are discussed along with directions for future research.
A researcher’s experience of focused coding in grounded theory: What makes the final cut?
Authors: Walker Susan , Read Sue , Priest Helena
Published: January 2023

This paper offers a novice researcher’s reflections on focused coding issues within a constructivist grounded theory study in data generated from semi–structured interviews (N=9). It asks questions about the destiny and treatment of the myriad codes generated at the line–by–line coding stage. Issues around the complex decisions and management of data and how the many line–by–line codes progressed towards incorporation into the eventual theory are discussed. Reflections on learning how to operate the grounded theory method and concerns around the differences between cutting codes or encapsulating them within the next level of analysis are offered in a spirit of openness and frankness.
Conversational science for qualitative and quantitative investigators: A personal journey
Authors: Thomas Laurie F.
Published: January 2023

The paper introduces a Conversational Science which incorporates Qualitative and Quantitative methods into one coherent system. Seven stages of action research emerging from the author’s professional journey are outlined. Successful sets of results from many projects yielding qualitative and quantitative data by systematically using reflective tools lead to a ‘model of the person’ as a conversational scientist, primarily involved in researching their personal process of development. The role of the psychologist as action researcher becomes one of tool–maker and enabler of this process.
The use of telephone interviews in qualitative psychology research: A reflective methodological exercise
Authors: Kassianos Angelos P.
Published: January 2023

There is little evidence on how telephone interviews are used in qualitative psychological research compared to face–to–face interviews. This reflective methodological exercise explores the use of telephone interviews as a method in relation to interviewing prostate cancer patients about their dietary changes in a recent study. In conclusion, both methods of collecting data are qualitatively different and can offer a range of advantages. The decision must be based on the aims of the study, the population studied, the interviewer’s experience and the decisive balance between cost–effectiveness and wider demographics on the one hand and richer data on the other.
Using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis to access experiences of offenders with high levels of psychopathic traits: Reflections from practice
Authors: Tew Jenny , Bennett Alice L.
Published: January 2023

Chromis is a violence reduction intervention for offenders with high levels of psychopathic traits. Since Chromis has a particular focus on being responsive to individuals’ needs, part of evaluating its effectiveness involved researchers needing to get an understanding of individuals’ experiences of completing the programme. Using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to analyse interviews with four programme completers raised a number of issues for the researchers to consider. This article aims to share these experiences with a view to promoting discussion and furthering practice in this area.
A Better Life
Authors: Owton Helen
Published: January 2023

This paper offers a poetic narrative of an international student-mother. The author seeks to address the call for more in-depth qualitative inquiries into student-parent experience in higher education. This poetic narrative is offered in the hope that humane connections are discovered that facilitate others to make sense of a similar life event as well as to challenge preconceived perceptions of undergraduate international student-parents.
What makes a tease a tease? Considering the practice of teasing from a social constructionist perspective
Authors: Hendry Gillian
Published: January 2023

Teasing is artful work, often used to convey messages that may seem negative or hurtful towards a recipient, but in a way that suggests the opposite. Teasing is an extremely difficult concept to define; what one individual may consider a tease, another may consider an insult. In the current paper, data from an on-going PhD project was used to demonstrate some of the issues surrounding defining a concept such as teasing. Nine student groups from two UK universities were video recorded as they worked, before episodes of teasing were identified in the resultant data corpus, and used to exemplify some of the issues involved in defining what teasing actually looks like in interaction. Primarily, the paper demonstrates the importance of considering teasing as a collaborative interaction, meaning that past definitions that consider a tease as something one individual does to another are questioned.
The complexities of narrating athletic injuries
Authors: Day Melissa , Martinelli Laura
Published: January 2023

The negative impacts of experiencing or witnessing athletic injury have been well established in the literature, yet the potential challenges of interviewing participants about athletic injury have been notably absent. In this article we reflect on our own research experiences, using extracts from reflective research journals to illustrate our suggestions. We consider how the wellbeing of both the participant and researcher can be protected when engaging in injury interviews. In particular we focus on the difficulties of narrating athletic injury stories for the participant, the impact of listening to personal injury experiences for the researcher, and the difficulties associated with empathy and imagining injury.
A high-stakes partnership? Responsibility, interdependency, and vulnerability in elite equestrian sport
Authors: Hogg Rachel , Hodgins Gene
Published: January 2023

Elite equestrian dyads develop relationships amidst a considerable degree of risk. Serious accidents and injuries are not uncommon in equestrian sport and uncertainty may pervade relationships with horses owned by a third party. Little psychological research has addressed the dynamics of the horse-rider relationship. This study examined equestrian dyads in elite sport using social constructionist grounded theory. Thirty-six interviews were conducted with riders from a range of equestrian disciplines. The findings suggest that the relationship between horse and rider is fundamental, but increasingly contested in an elite sporting context. Participants experienced complex relationships with horses that were shaped by interdependency and mutual vulnerability. The inequality that characterises the horse-rider relationship led to an emphasis on rider responsibility and nuanced understandings of power dynamics. These findings have implications for the moral and ethical status of equestrian sports and provide insights into how riders understand risk when interacting with horses.
‘I wanted to be Darcey Bussell’: Motivations and experiences of female dance teachers
Authors: Owton Helen , Clegg Helen , Allen-Collinson Jacquelyn
Published: January 2023

Dance, analogous to professional sport, constitutes an interesting occupation in that there are relatively few vocations in which the athleticism of the body is inextricably linked to the ability to perform and teach. Dance teachers could pursue teaching as a career as a way to remain involved in the physicality of dance to maintain a sense of self as a dancer. Dance teachers make up a large proportion of the professional dance world in the United Kingdom and yet little is known about their role, training, continuing professional development and motivations to engage in a dance teaching career. To address this lacuna, research was undertaken with ten female dance-teachers (24 to 71 years). Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data, from which two key themes emerged as salient: (i) staying in dance; (ii) dance teaching as a career: challenges and skills. Pursuing a career in dance teaching was viewed as a way to maintain a sense of self as a dancer. Participants who had been dance performers appeared to view teaching as a natural career progression. The complex skills required of a dance teacher were highlighted and participants positioned dance teaching as a highly specialist career.
2013 QMiP Conference keynote – Subjective stories and social issues: Strategies for making connections
Authors: Charmaz Kathy , Katz Shelia
Published: January 2023

This paper proposes using constructivist grounded theory to connect research participants’ stories with larger social issues, such as poverty, welfare, and crime. We describe the logic of the method and explain how it differs from the original statement of grounded theory. Constructivist grounded theory explicates research participants’ meanings and actions and examines the research process and ourselves within it. Thus, this method not only fits qualitative psychologists’ concerns with subjectivity and reflexivity but also increased use of constructivist grounded theory in qualitative psychology promises further development of this method.
Exploring students’ unprotected casual sex encounters using interpretative phenomenological analysis
Authors: Roleston Caity , Shaw Rachel L.
Published: January 2023

Those under the age of 25 have been identified as being at greatest risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections, and are also at high risk of unplanned pregnancy. Previous studies have highlighted that the university lifestyle, particularly the embedded alcohol culture, facilitates risky sexual behaviour. This qualitative, exploratory study investigated what undergraduate students’ unprotected casual sex encounters (UCSEs) mean to them using a phenomenological approach. To achieve this, six female university students were recruited to participate in a semi-structured interview. Interview questions were informed by the literature and designed to elicit a rich dialogue regarding participants’ personal experience and the meaning they ascribe to their UCSEs. To maximise the ease and willingness to discuss their experiences, participants had the opportunity to select an interview format from the following options; face-to-face, telephone, email, and Facebook Instant Messenger. The data was analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (Smith et al., 2009). Analysis revealed three super-ordinate themes, which were disinhibition: the influence of alcohol and ‘being caught up in the moment’; students’ evaluation of unprotected casual sex as a character-building experience; and society. The findings reveal a more complex relationship between alcohol and UCSEs than previously reported, a relationship mitigated by relationship type (sexual partner known/stranger). For brevity, this paper will focus only on the first theme.
Incorporating a visual method into an interpretative phenomenological analysis study: A practical guide
Authors: Elmi-Glennan Clare , Mercer Jenny
Published: January 2023

Despite the recent interest in visual methods within qualitative psychology, few researchers have offered papers discussing the process involved in implementing such an approach. With this in mind, the following article, based on research conducted for the first author’s PhD, discusses why and how a visual method was used as part of the data collection, what it brought to the study and some cautions about its use. In the example described, the method contributed to an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), and it is argued that such an addition to the design sits well with the principles of phenomenology and can enhance access to lived experiences for both participant and researcher.
‘The story of clinical psychology is one of change in response to changing situations and I think there’s a need for change now’
Authors: Harper Dave , Hunter Cheryl
Published: January 2023

The following is an interview with Dr Dave Harper, Programme Director (Academic) on the Professional Doctorate in Clinical Psychology, University of East London. Dave presented a keynote speech titled ‘The possibilities (and perils) of a psychosocial approach to public mental health’ at the 2017 International Society for Critical Health Psychology (ISCHP). This talk and issues relating to qualitative research, clinical psychology and social justice are discussed in the following interview. The interview was conducted by Cheryl Hunter, an associate editor of QMiP Bulletin and trainee clinical psychologist at the University of East London.
Reflecting on the ethics of qualitative Twitter research
Authors: Talbot Catherine V.
Published: January 2023

A small but growing body of qualitative research has examined Twitter data (e.g. Berry et al., 2017; Hemsley et al., 2015; Taylor & Pagilari, 2018). New technologies, however, present new ethical challenges. These ethical challenges are particularly relevant following the recent Cambridge Analytical scandal where account holders’ data was unethically harvested, shared, and used to target people with advertising. In this article, I will discuss the ethical issues of conducting Twitter research and reflect upon my own experiences of conducting Twitter research with people living with a diagnosis of dementia.
Exploring experience through ‘reflexive dialogue’
Authors: Finlay Linda , McFerran Katrina Skewes
Published: January 2023

This paper critically examines the use of ‘reflexive dialogue’ method employed during research into the process of resistance in psychotherapy practice. Recognising how the phenomenon of resistance is contested across therapy fields, our research aim was to understand how we, as humanistically-informed psychotherapists, tend to view and handle it in practice. In our exploration, we embraced an orientation that was relational-centered and reflexive. Over a period of several months we reflected on our lived experiences of resistance (as both client and therapist) and took the opportunity to deepen our understandings over five reflexively-anchored Skype dialogues, an experiential music improvisation session and through extended email correspondence. We moved between experiential reflexive closeness and analytic reflective distance. We discuss the nature of ‘reflexive dialogue’ and conclude it has value as a sensitising exercise at the beginning of research or as a method in its own right in terms of being a tool for data collection and analysis.
IPA: The black swan of qualitative research
Authors: Dennison Melissa
Published: January 2023

Critics of IPA suggest that it is unscientific, lacking a complex subjectivity and displaying a promiscuous epistemology. This article aims to explore these criticisms, offering a response that is inspired by the language of fertility and ideas adapted from evolutionary science. As the swan is often seen as a symbol of fidelity, this article draws an analogy between the promiscuous behaviour of Australian Black Swans and IPA research. Within this frame, flirtations with other methodologies are described as being advantageous in that they encourage gene flow and a productive cross-fertilisation of ideas. An intermingling of genes can open up new avenues of research, enhance reflexive awareness and allow the voice of others to be heard. Finally, as IPA is happy to engage in flirtations and dalliances with diverse theoretical frames to enhance its longevity, this article suggests that a good match could be made between IPA and dialogical methods.
Transformative potential of print-making as embodied experience with migrants and asylum seeker women
Authors: Otalvaro Sara Arias , Veale Angela
Published: January 2023

This paper sets out an ethnographic research project that aimed to document a Cork Migrant Centre (CMC) women’s group engagement in a 12-week print-making psychosocial intervention. In recent years arts-based programmes where migrant, refugee and asylum-seeking women participate have grown popular for their valuable therapeutic and healing capacities. However, the embodied realities of these groups of women remains an under-researched topic. The ethnography conducted encompassed the researcher’s participation and observation during the 12 weeks of print-making. The data set was pluralistically analysed; thematic analysis (TA) was conducted on both sets of data: field notes and interviews; and Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was further employed to analyse the interview transcripts. The managing meanings of embodied experience theory (Field-Springer & Margavio Striley, 2018) offered a framework that guided the IPA analysis and discussion of women’s sense of being, doing and directed becoming. We outline that creative arts practices and spaces allowed participants to express themselves in new ways where they acted as agents challenging the sociocultural constraints placed on their bodies, achieving a sense of liberation and transformation possibility. Although the paper only provides a snapshot of the IPA analysis and findings, we conclude that participants’ accounts illustrate the social community atmosphere that was created in the print-making sessions, indicating a gained sense of psychosocial wellbeing.
‘Trapped under a tonne of rubble’: Using LEGO® to explore conceptual metaphors of psychological stress
Authors: Wezyk Agata , Arden-Close Emily , Turner-Cobb Julie M.
Published: January 2023

Qualitative research methods have recently gained substantial ground in psychology. However, creative methods of data collection are still underused. Here we share our experiences of using LEGO® as a visual qualitative methodology to elicit metaphors of psychological stress. We highlight the value of this method through showcasing some examples of a research project that used LEGO® in a workshop to enable in-depth exploration about the lay conceptualisation of stress. LEGO® is an excellent tool for externalising and communicating thoughts about abstract concepts such as stress and coping. It is easy to use, attractive to participants and provides opportunities for sharing experiences and having fun. From the researcher’s perspective, LEGO® enables collection of enriched data which can shed new light on the research topic. It can be a useful visual methodological tool for enhancing and empowering qualitative researchers in many areas of psychology.
‘Echo images’: An arts-based feedback tool for qualitative research interviews
Authors: Bhattacharyya Sriya , Lykes M. Brinton , Carrasco Jianee
Published: January 2023

Researcher reflexivity and checking researcher interpretations with participants, important processes that contribute to the rigour of qualitative research, are primarily engaged through verbal and text-based methods of reflection and communication. Introducing art into these processes can deepen their quality by accessing emotional information in non-verbal processing centres in the brain. This paper introduces ‘echo images’ – a tool for researchers seeking to engage in reflexivity, participatory knowledge construction, and dialogic relationships with interviewees. A case study examining the use of ‘echo images’ with Muslim women activists is shared. A framework is proposed for the use of ‘echo images’ in arts-based and qualitative research study designs. Offering participants a concrete, physical image of what a researcher has witnessed during their time together may be one way to honour interviewees’ sharing. Further research is necessary to confirm the contributions of ‘echo images’ as a routine practice in qualitative research that draws on the arts.
Memorials, movement and the method of subjective cameras: A multimodal study of person-environment interactions
Authors: Luna Ignacio Brescó de , Wagoner Brady , Herbig Lisa
Published: January 2023

The return to experience in psychology involves recognising the limitations of traditional mono-modal approaches based on verbal data, detached from activity and context. This paper describes our use of subcams to explore how people experience and engage with the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe in Berlin. Participants first walked around the memorial on their own while wearing a subcam and second they commented on their experience while watching the subcam video of the walk. The analysis links visuals with participants’ interpretations of the site and their understandings of the appropriate norms of behaviour there. The paper concludes with a discussion on the usefulness of subcams as a means of exploring multimodal forms of expression and communication in people’s ongoing flow of experience while engaging with the environment.
Towards the development of ethics guidelines for visual psychology: A review of relevant visual research ethics guidelines
Authors: Hansen Susan , Colucci Erminia
Published: January 2023

Visual research methods are increasingly popular within psychology and the social sciences. However, psychology has yet to develop its own specific ethics guidelines for visual research methods. Currently, psychologists undertaking visual and arts-based research draw on ethics guidelines developed by and for allied disciplines that have a more established tradition of visual research, such as visual anthropology and visual sociology. While many of the principles of existing ethics guidelines from allied disciplines are applicable to psychological projects, psychological research has a distinct focus and potential applications, which would benefit from the generation of a set of bespoke guidelines. These should reflect our discipline’s long standing commitment to ethical research practice, and critical stance towards the limitations of inflexible formalistic principles. This article reviews existing guidelines for visual research and provides recommendations for visual research ethics guidelines for psychology, including the importance of ‘staged’ consent, anonymity versus identification, and an expanded field of consideration which may include participants as image producers and owners; the individuals captured in the images taken by participants or researchers and the impact of the research on the eventual audiences for these images.
Application of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis methodology in psychotherapy impact research: Experience of psychotherapy of a person with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Fragkiadaki Evangelia , Triliva Sofia , Anagnostopoulos Fotios
Published: January 2023

Psychotherapy’s impact and effectiveness have been explored through the use of quantitative research methods such as standardised inventories and scales measuring mainly behavioural and overt aspects of the psychotherapeutic encounter and symptom reduction. Nonetheless, change in psychotherapy is a complex, multifaceted phenomenon, requiring open-ended investigation to reveal the beneficial factors that are part of the process. This paper will demonstrate how Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) can be applied in studying the psychotherapy process’s favourable aspects from the client’s perspective. We argue that IPA’s epistemological underpinnings and methods for collecting and analysing data can contribute to the study of psychotherapy’s impact. A case of a woman confronting the challenges of multiple sclerosis and illness symptomatology by undergoing psychodynamic psychotherapy is presented and analysed drawing on IPA guidelines.
Reflections on the qualitative addition to the SIBL study: Responding with action rather than explanation
Authors: Dunlop Brendan J.
Published: January 2023

The Self-Injury in Young Bisexual People: A Longitudinal Investigation (SIBL) study, a quantitative study investigating psychological variables associated with bisexuality and non-suicidal self-injury, did not originally include qualitative outcomes. The research team wanted to do so, however, capacity concerns loomed large. When participants in the SIBL study told us they had more to say, we responded with action, rather than providing explanations for our decision. With Covid-19 changing the way the world usually works, interviews were conducted virtually. Reflections on this process, and the general power dynamics of interviewing, are discussed. Importantly, something was different in virtual interviewing: the process felt more like a human connecting with a human, rather than a participant telling a researcher.
An exploration of the ‘Get Ready with Me’ (GRWM) culture within YouTube today and how it performs heteronormative femininity
Authors: Green Micah
Published: January 2023

This undergraduate dissertation focused on studying a niche culture within YouTube called ‘Get ready with Me’ (GRWM) videos. These videos consist of young women, who are all particularly interested in makeup and using the ‘power of makeup’ to transform a look. Social media platforms are influential within society through reinforcing socially accepted norms, which is correlated within the makeup industry to reinforce a standard of appearance. This causes extreme issues for women to conform to an unrealistic attraction level daily. This study focuses on key issues within expectations towards women’s appearance, which are reproduced through social media platforms and society. Additionally, it highlights issues of negative emotions towards the self without makeup, in comparison to positive emotions whilst wearing makeup. It also highlights the issue that makeup is deemed to be the reason as to how we achieve the expected levels of appearance. Through analysing YouTube videos using a media analysis and thematically coding the data, this research was able to discuss these issues and understand creators’ justifications behind their choices. This research reflects the major issues within the makeup industry for women by emphasising that the natural self is not worthy of being attractive.
Conversation analysis, public engagement and ‘following your nose’ (with a good sense of smell)
Authors: Stokoe Elizabeth , Anderson Emma , Melia Claire
Published: January 2023

Elizabeth Stokoe is Professor of Social Interaction at Loughborough University and was named as an Honorary Fellow by the BPS in 2021. Beyond academia, Liz is well known for developing the Conversation Analytic Role-play Method (‘CARM’) and working with industry including software companies like Typeform and Deployed. Additionally, Liz has a wide-ranging background in science communication as well as presenting a keynote lecture at the online QMiP conference in July 2021. In our first VftT for 2022, Liz sat down with two of our editors (Emma Anderson & Claire Melia) to talk about finding her way in psychology, applied research, and taking academic insight beyond the university setting.
Professional Development Issues in Britain: Lessons from Australia and the USA
Authors: Anderson Ailsa G. , Lavallee David
Published: January 2023

The formation of the Division of Sport and Exercise Psychology within the British Psychological Society represents a significant step forward for the professional status of sport and exercise psychology in Great Britain. As our profession continues to evolve the Division is faced with a number of tasks and challenges. However, these challenges are not unique to Britain. This article gives an insight into the procedures in place in Australia and the USA for certifying and training sport and exercise psychologists, so that we can learn lessons from these countries. The Australian Psychological Society (APS) has 13,000 members and includes nine Colleges of speciality, including sport psychology. The American Psychological Association (APA) has over 150,000 members and 53 Divisions.Professor Peter Terry(President of the APS College of Sport Psychologists) andProfessor Judy Van Raalte(President of the APA’s Division 47 Exercise and Sport Psychology) kindly agreed to be ‘interviewed’ via e-mail on a number of issues that are particularly pertinent to the future activities of the fledgling Division of Sport and Exercise.
Sport psychology consulting with athletes with disabilities
Authors: Martin Jeffrey J.
Published: January 2023

Athletes with disabilities, like all athletes, can benefit from working with sport psychology professionals. My goal in the present article is to update and expand upon my (1999) paper describing a human development model of psychological skills training. I present research findings and recommendations within the above conceptual framework based on three related categories of psychological skills and methods, along with unique considerations for working with athletes with disabilities. First, I discuss foundation skills such as the development of self-determination and self-esteem. Then, I present information on traditional performance skills and techniques like goal setting and anxiety management. Finally, I provide a review of facilitative factors that impact on performance and quality of life such as coaching quality and injury awareness.

‘You’ve got to keep your mental attitude positive all the way … even if you think a little negatively, your just toasted. Once the water temperatures get colder, you have to have a really strong attitude to carry on. Believe it or not, you have to ignore the cold water. And that’s very hard to do with a negative attitude – with every stroke your probably thinking, Damn, this is cold water! You’re not supposed to do that! Your supposed to be thinking, Don’t worry it’ll only be a few more hours.’
Reflections on collaborating with a professional rugby league player
Authors: Tod David
Published: January 2023

In this case example I reflect on the working alliance formed with a professional rugby league player. Specific issues are discussed that influenced the service delivery relationship, such as a possible power imbalance, transference, countertransference and the educational mental skills training approach employed in the consultancy. Sport psychology educators, trainees and practitioners may use the case example to assist their own professional self-reflections and practices. Researchers may also identify relationship variables worthy of further investigation.
Bewitched by our words: Wittgenstein, language-games, and the pictures that hold sport psychology captive
Authors: Lindsay Pete , Pitt Tim , Thomas Owen
Published: January 2023

Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889–1951) was arguably one of the most important philosophers of the 20th century. Despite previous interest in philosophical approaches (Corlett, 1996), and the value given to philosophy in relation to applied practice (Poczwardowski, Sherman & Ravizza, 2004), almost no attention has been given to Wittgenstein’s works in sport psychology. In this article, we suggest that our discipline frequently suffers with conceptual confusions and misunderstandings driven by our unintentional misguided use of language. Through the philosophical thinking of Wittgenstein, we explore the tacit language-games and the pictures that hold thinking captive within sport psychology, and attempt to provide an alternative lens through which researchers and practitioners can view the discipline. By drawing on Wittgenstein’s philosophy, and the methods of previous psychologists whose works were shaped by Wittgenstein (e.g. Watzlawick, Weakland & Fisch, 1974), the wider implications for applied sport psychology and the training of practitioners are considered.
Cognitive behavioural intervention for the golf yips: A single-case design
Authors: Milne Derek , Morrison Gordon
Published: January 2023

Although considered rare, the golf yips are highly distressing and are difficult to understand or to treat. Based on the best-available evidence from existing literature, a longitudinal single-case design was employed to evaluate a formulation-based psychological intervention with an experienced male golfer. The 10-hour cognitive behavioural intervention was administered jointly by a golf coach and a sport psychologist. Results indicated a statistically significant improvement in golf chipping performance during the intervention and follow-up phases, together with a 50 per cent reduction in the golf yips, attributed to an improved pre-performance routine and enhanced concentration. The single-case research design indicates that the golf yips can be ameliorated by psychological means under routine coaching conditions.
Navigating the swampy lowland of the BPS Stage 2 qualification: signposting a trodden road
Authors: Collins Richard , McCann Bryan
Published: January 2023

The journey to Chartered status is challenging and full of learning opportunities. Two early career sport and exercise psychologists aim to inform trainees and other neophytes about their experiences on the British Psychological Society’s Qualification in Sport and Exercise Psychology (QSEP). With an autoethnographical focus, they describe the early challenges they faced in each key role set out by the QSEP. They then discuss the turning points in which they felt they became more self-aware as applied practitioners and relay lessons they learned during those key moments. Through these critical reflections, the authors describe some potential implications for other neophyte practitioners and hope to evoke discussion and analysis to further enhance the current literature pertaining to neophyte professional practice.
Eye tracking in sport: A guide for new and aspiring researchers
Authors: Discombe Russell M. , Cotterill Stewart T.
Published: January 2023

Eye tracking offers significant potential for applied practice and research across a broad range of domains, and specifically for sport and exercise psychology. New technology offers exciting opportunity to explore the vision and gaze behaviours of both elite and amateur athlete in situ. When researchers begin eye tracking, however, they encounter an array of daunting books, manuscripts and instruction manuals that comprise difficult terminology, complex statistical equations and confusing figures. In this article, we introduce you to eye tracking application within sport and exercise (aimed at undergraduate and postgraduate students). We offer advice and solutions to some of the barriers that exist, and the basic knowledge needed so that you can confidently start the research process.
Editorial
Authors: McCarthy Paul
Published: January 2023

Charlotte remarked, ‘I am sorry you have changed your residence as I shall now again lose my way in going up and down stairs, and stand in great tribulation, contemplating several doors, and not knowing which to open.’ (Juliet Barker’s The Bronte’s).
Emphasising the culture in culture change: Examining current perspectives of culture and offering some alternative ones
Authors: McDougall Michael , Nesti Mark , Richardson David , Littlewood Martin
Published: January 2023

Culture change has rapidly become a topic of interest and importance within applied and academic sport psychology circles. Despite a number of notable advances in the culture change literature though, a critique aimed at some of this research (Cruickshank, Collins & Minten, 2013a) is that it may not be studying culture at all (Gilmore, 2013). Considering and extending this critique, it is contended that sport psychology culture change research to date has been change focused, rather than based in a broader and deeper understanding of culture; an action-orientated approach that limits the clarity and practical utility of what is arguably the fundamental element of culture change – culture itself. To begin to address this issue, a definition of culture (cf. Cruickshank and Collins, 2012) is examined in detail so as to draw out fundamental assumptions about culture that have not been comprehensively considered in sport psychology culture change literature. To further broaden disciplinary understanding of culture, some alternative perspectives of culture are then presented.