bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUASI PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI DIGITAL SUBSTATION DI INDONESIA
Authors: Habibie Achmad Syerif , Ridwan Muhammad , Pramana Putu Agus Aditya , Harsono Brian Bramantyo Satriaji Dwi Adiputro , Al Manshury Muhammad Said
Published: May 2021

Perkembangan pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dalam sektor ketenagalistrikan mendorong perkembangan teknologi gardu induk konvensional ke arah Digital substation. Sebagai pertimbangan sebelum diimplementasikan di PT PLN (Persero), maka dilakukan kajian literatur terkait standar, protokol komunikasi, network redundancy, time synchronization, serta kelebihan dan isu pada teknologi tersebut seperti yang disajikan pada makalah ini; selain itu, diskusi dengan pabrikan Digital substation yang ada di Indonesia juga dilakukan untuk memperkaya studi literatur yang dilakukan. Teknologi Digital substation mengacu pada standar IEC 61850, dapat dilengkapi dengan network redundancy berupa parallel redudancy protocol (PRP) atau high-availability seamless redudancy (HSR), serta precission time protocol (PTP) untuk kebutuhan sinkronisasi waktunya. Digital substation memiliki banyak kelebihan diantaranya yaitu kebutuhan copper wire yang rendah, transportasi dan space yang lebih sedikit, instalasi peralatan sekunder lebih singkat, penghematan biaya (instalasi, operasi, dan pemeliharaan), pemadaman lebih singkat, peningkatan keamanan dan utilisasi aset. Sedangkan isu yang ada pada Digital substation diantaranya maturity, interoperability, reliability, time synchronisation, network configuration dan bandwith management, cyber security, mixed mode, backward compatibility, suhu dan kelembaban. Selain itu, masih terdapat permasalahan pada substation automation system (SAS) yang sudah terpasang dalam rangka menuju teknologi Digital substation, namun belum tertangani dengan baik. Maturity level dari teknologi Digital substation menjadi bahan pertimbangan dalam penerapan teknologi tersebut di sistem ketenagalistrikan.
Komputasi Numerik pada Kasus Penentuan Penyakit Tanaman Hias
Authors: Agus Fahrul , Gifari Okta Ihza , Kamil Zanu Alfandi
Published: June 2021

Metode numerik dapat membantu memecahkan persoalan Matematika kompleks dan rumit yang sulit untuk diselesaikan secara analitik. Seiring dengan kemajuan teknologi komputer yang berkembang pesat, komputasi numerik dapat membantu menyelesaikan persoalan seperti solusi persamaan linear dan nonlinear, kalkulus turunan dan integral, solusi persamaan diferensial atau persoalan deret dan galat.   Pada kasus penentuan penyakit tanaman hias, khususnya Anggrek Hitam (Coelogyne pandurata), penerapan komputasi numerik dapat menjadi studi sebagai bahan ajar pada kelas mata kuliah Metode Numerik di Program Studi Informatika, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Mulawarman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang bahan ajar Metode Numerik untuk diagnosa penyakit tanaman hias Anggrek Hitam menggunakan Metode Naive Bayes. Data pada riset ini berupa bobot gejala dan penyakit yang diperoleh dari para pakar tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komputasi numerik dapat mempermudah pada pemodelan permasalahan yang kompleks. Juga dihasilkan bahan ajar Metode Numerik pada kasus diagnosa penyakit tanaman Anggrek Hitam menggunakan Metode Naive Bayes.
ANALISIS PENGARUH BRAND IMAGE, PROMOTION, DAN ELECTRONIC WORD OF MOUTH TERHADAP MINAT BELI PADA APLIKASI ONLINE SHOP
Authors: Kuswibowo (Politeknik APP) Christian , Murti (Politeknik APP) Aji Kresno
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis research is conducted to examine the outcome of Brand Image, Promotion, and e-WOM toward Purchase Intention in the Online Shop application. The object of this research is millennial consumers who utilizes Shopee application in Jakarta area. This research was conducted on 150 respondents using a quantitative descriptive approach. Determining the sample size using purposive sampling technique due to some contemplation. Data collection method using a survey method, with the questionnaire as its research instrument. The approaches equipped in this research is the Structural Equation Model (SEM) with the Smart-Partla Least Square analysis tool. This research proves that Brand Image had a positive and significant effect on Purchase Intention in the Online Shop application, Promotion has a positive and significant effect on Purchase Intention in the Online Shop application and EWOM has a significant and fundamental outcome on Purchase Intention in the Online Shop application.AbstrakPenelitian ini ditulis oleh peneliti untuk melakukan analisis pengaruh antara Brand Image, Promotion, dan Electronic Word of Mouth (EWOM) terhadap Minat Beli pada aplikasi Online Shop. Objek riset ini merupakan para konsumen milenial yang menggunakan aplikasi Shopee di area DKI Jakarta. Pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif digunakan dalam riset ini dengan memanfaatkan 150 responden. Teknik purposive sampling juga dimanfaatkan untuk penentuan ukuran sampling, purposive sampling technic dipilih karena pertimbangan beberapa faktor oleh peneliti dalam penerapannya. Pengumpulan data menggunakan survey method, dengan kuesioner sebagai instrument penelitiannya. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan Structural Equation Model dengan dukungan Smart-Partial Least Square sebagai alat analisis riset.  Riset ini memperlihatkan bahwa Brand Image memberikan pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Minat Beli pada aplikasi Online Shop, Promotion memberi pengaruh positif serta signifikan terhadap Minat Beli pada aplikasi Online Shop serta Electronic Word of Mouth atau e-WOM berdampak positif signifikan terhadap Minat Beli pada aplikasi Online Shop.
TOXICITY OF THE DRUG DELCID 7.5® WHEN APPLIED TO THE MUCOUS MEMBRANES
Authors: Burmistrova  , Vasilevich  , Deltsov
Published: May 2021

The effect of the drug Delcid 7.5® on the mucous membranes of the eyes of rabbits of the Australian White breed, weighing 2–3 kg, which were instilled in the conjunctival cavity of the right eye with 1 drop of the drug. The left eye was a control eye, and distilled water was instilled into it. The studies were conducted according to the score system, based on the total score (according to the classification of A. Majda, K. Chrusaieleska, 1973) according to the following criteria: conjunctival and corneal hyperemia, eyelid edema, discharge at a drug concentration, 10% the degree of severity of the effect in rabbits is weak, at a concentration of 50% – moderate. Experience has shown that a single instillation of the drug Delcid 7.5® into the conjunctival sac at a concentration of 10% does not cause a response, and a 50% concentration causes a moderately irritating effect of the drug on the mucous membranes. The results of the conducted studies show that the insectoacaricidal drug Delcid 7.5® for veterinary use, developed by LLC "NVC Agrovetzashchita", including deltamethrin, piperonyl butoxide, diflubenzuron is safe for rabbits, and therefore it can be recommended for studying the effectiveness of acarosis in rabbits and other animal species.
ON STUDY OF BOVINE PYROPLASMOSIS IN THE LOWLAND AND FOOTHILL ZONES OF ARMENIA
Authors: Vardanyan  , Movsesyan  , Petrosyan  , Nykogosyan
Published: May 2021

In two landscape zones of the Republic of Armenia, the regularities of the course of one of the most common haemosporidiosis in cattle, piroplasmosis, were studied. Based on our research, a difference was established in the timing of the onset of the disease, the number of outbreaks, and the severity of clinical signs in animals of the lowland and foothill zones. We have proved that 4 outbreaks of the disease took place in the farms of the lowland zone: the first at the end of April after the attack of ticks on the animal. At the same time, the first symptoms of the disease were noted. The second outbreak of the disease and a high degree of ticks were recorded in the second half of July. The third outbreak was in early August and the fourth in autumn starting from the 10th of October. In contrast to the lowland, there were 3 outbreaks of piroplasmosis in the farms of the foothill zone, and they were not very pronounced. This phenomenon can be explained by the difference in the temperature regime of the natural habitat. In the lowland zone, 4 species of ticks were recorded with the dominant species being Boophilus annulatus rarely found in the foothill zone. In the foothill zone, the same species of ticks as in the lowland were identified, along with the species Dermacentor marginatus.
INCREASING THE HARMFULNESS OF THE ERIOPHYOID MITE ACULUS SCHLECHTENDALI (NALEPA), A PHYTOPARASITE OF APPLE TREE IN THE NON-BLACK EARTH ZONE OF RUSSIA
Authors: Zeynalov
Published: May 2021

Apple rusty mite Aculus schlechtendali (Nalepa) (Eriophyidae) is an invasive parasite in the Central region of the Non-Black Earth Zone of Russia. At the beginning of the XXI century, there were only small foci of the phytoparasite, but at present it is widespread almost everywhere, periodically giving a massive outbreak of reproduction. The number of mites reaches 1000 and more mobile individuals per 1 leaf (25.5 per 1 cm2). The body is microscopic (160–175 microns), so it is very difficult to be detected. Also, with a small number of A. schlechtendali, symptoms of plant infection do not appear outwardly, which allows the active spread of the mite with planting or other plant material. To count the number of the parasite in the spring, the tops of annual growths up to 10 cm long were sampled at 10 discount sites (in order to view opening buds), and during the vegetation, 10 leaves (4-5th leaves from the top of the sprout) were taken from each discount site. Selected samples of buds and leaves were examined under an MBS-10 binocular microscope. A. schlechtendali is especially dangerous in nurseries and young fruiting plantations of apple trees; it feeds not only on leaves (from the underside) and young sprouts, but damages flowers and buds of the apple tree. Effective control of the parasite requires constant monitoring and strict quality control of the planting material.
THE ROLE OF DIROFILARIA REPENS INFECTION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ONCOLOGICAL DISEASES IN DIFFERENT REGIONS OF WORLD
Authors: Ivanov  , Sivkova
Published: May 2021

A statistical assessment was made of the data for 2016 on the identified cases of oncological diseases and invasions by helminths of the genus Dirofilaria in population of different regions of the world using the statistical method and correlation analysis according to Spearman. The results of the correlation analysis showed an inverse relations between the invasion level and the number of diagnosed oncological diseases on most continents, except for countries of South America, where the relationship between the two studied pathologies was direct (0.314). However, the values of statistical correlation for South America can be considered as little informative, since the known statistics on infection with dirofilariasis is close to zero. The revealed correlation in other regions (Asia –0.15; Europe –0.486; Africa –0.85) suggests that as the prevalence of Dirofilaria helminths in population increases, fewer cases of oncological diseases are recorded and vice versa. At the same time, it should be considered that this relationship is influenced by many other factors, the main of which we can consider modern medicine. In general, the study of the relationship between Dirofilaria infection and the oncological disease requires further study
PREVENTION OF PYROPLASMIDOSES OF HORSES IN GORNY ALTAI
Authors: Marchenko  , Rar  , Aybykova
Published: May 2021

A high incidence of pyroplasmidoses (hemosporidial infections) of horses in the farms of Gorny Altai presupposes regular preventive measures against this disease. The main preventive measure is early specific chemotherapy of horses in spring. In this connection, we carried out a study on the species identification of the pathogen and the assessment of prophylactic efficacy of an antipyroplasmid drug. The studies were carried out in the livestock farm Kurmanov Ch.A. in the Ulagansky District of the Altai Republic. The blood samples from 20 horses were tested by nested polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR) in the presence of genus-specific primers for DNA of the protozoan blood parasites Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. The species membership of the identified infectious agents was established by determining nucleotide sequences of the PCR products. When studying prophylactic efficacy, "Babezan, 12%" was administered intramuscularly to the experimental group of horses (44 animals) at the rate of 2.5 mg of active substance per 1 kg of animal weight; the control group of horses (16 animals) was not given the drug. The blood samples examined were found to contain the DNA of Theileria spp. in 17 animals (85%), which was identified as Theileria equi. Early chemotherapy of the horses with "Babezan, 12%" based on the active substance imidocarb dipropionate at 2.5 mg per 1 kg of animal weight made it possible to prevent morbidity for 41 days.
FORMATION OF BIODIVERSITY OF THE FAUNA OF ECTO- AND ENDOPARASITES ON THE ARARAT PLAIN OF ARMENIA
Authors: Movsesyan  , Petrosyan  , Vardanyan  , Nikogosyan  , Arutyunova  , Barseghyan
Published: May 2021

Our studies were aimed at analyzing biodiversity of ecto- and endoparasites of sheep, cattle, rabbits, domestic birds and dogs in the lowland zone of the Republic, with semidesert climate and height of 850 m above the sea level. This is one of the warm regions of the Republic. The studies performed have established moderate and high degree of animal infection with parasites. We identified 33 parasite species, mostly helminths (15 species), including 10 species of nematodes (Trichocephalus ovis, Nematodirus spathiger, Haemonchus contortus, Chabertia ovina, Dictyocaulus filaria, Muellerius capillaris, Protostrongylus spp., Passalurus ambiqus, Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum), 4 species of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Dicrocoelium dendriticum, Paramphistomum cervi), 1 species of cestodes (Moniezia expansa), 9 protozoan species (Piroplasma bigeminum, Babesia ovis, Eimeria perforans, E. magna, E. irresidua, E. tenella, E. acervulina), 7 species of ticks, 1 species of insects, and 1 species of leishmaniasis vector, the mosquitos from the genus Phlebotomus.
We registered 5 species of freshwater molluscs (Lymnaea auricularia, L. stagnalis, L. ovata, L. truncatula, Planorbis planorbis), and 2 species of terrestrial molluscs (Helicella derbentina, Napaeopsis hohenackeri).
DISTRIBUTION AND ORGANOLEPTIC INDICATORS OF PRODUCTS OF SMALL CATTLE SLAUGHTER IN ECHINOCOCCOSIS ON THE MARKETS OF DUSHANBE
Authors: Murodov  , Razikov  , Khudoidodov  , Soatov
Published: May 2021

This article provides data on the research work carried out to identify echinococcosis among small cattle of different age groups in the Republic of Tajikistan. Echinococcosis of farm animals with a high intensity of invasion is recorded in all areas studied by us, in the valley, foothill and mountain zones. Thus, out of the examined 23 364 organs from slaughtered sheep, 17 850 animals, or 76.40%, were affected by echinococcus. In the farms of the valley zone with distant-pasture sheep breeding, the average prevalence was 72.4%, in the foothill zone with distant-pasture sheep breeding – 90.4%, and in the mountain zone – 59.3%. Slaughtered livestock has a high prevalence not only in the context of zones and districts, but also within farms of the same district, depending on the conditions of keeping the sheep and the number of dogs in the flocks. Thus, in farms with distant-pasture sheep breeding in the valley zone of the same district, the infection rate reached 75.0%, while in the mountain zone only 54.2%. The study for echinococcosis of cattle of different sex and age groups found the same pattern as in sheep, i.e. the prevalence increased with age: from 12% in animals under 2 years old to 39.4% in animals of 3–4 years old and 41.6% in animals older than 5 years.
CYPRINID FISH INFECTION WITH METACERCARIAS OF TREMATODES UNDER ANTHROPOGENIC EFFECT
Authors: Romashov  , Romashova
Published: May 2021

We presented parasitological studies of fish (Cyprinidae) in the Usman River within the Voronezhsky Biosphere Reserve. The infection of fish with metacercarias of trematodes in the river sections with various anthropogenic effect was assessed. We identified metacercarias of 6 species of trematodes: Opisthorchis felineus, Pseudamphistomum truncatum, Metorchis bilis, M. xanthosomus, Posthodiplostomum cuticola, and Paracoenogonimus ovatus. The highest occurrence and abundance of P. cuticola (95.4%, 36.4 sp.) and P. ovatus (56.9%, 8.8 sp.) was noted in the upper reaches of the River, in areas with high anthropogenic impact. An increased prevalence of infection was recorded for the group Opisthorchiidae (O. felineus, P. truncatum, and M. bilis) in areas within the Reserve with minimal anthropogenic impact. Infection rate of Opisthorchiidae metacercarias was 86.5% and 8.2 specimens in the middle and lower reaches of the River. At the same time, we noted a decrease in infection with P. cuticola (54.5%; 5.8 sp.) and P. ovatus (33.9%; 1.3 sp.). The degree of anthropogenic eutrophication of the Reservoir affects the development of different species of mollusks and the infection of fish with metacercarias. Metacercarias of trematodes can be used as indicators of water pollution in assessing anthropogenic effect on natural ecosystems.
ECOLOGY OF NEMATODES OF THE FAMILY TRICHOSTRONGYLIDAE LEIPER, 1908
Authors: Amirov  , Omonov  , Karimova  , Sobirov
Published: May 2021

The purpose of these studies is to study the change in seasonal dynamics in nematodes of the family Trichostrongylidae Leiper, 1908 found in ruminants of Uzbekistan. The material was collected from small cattle in slaughterhouses in the Tashkent, Syrdarya, Andijan, Fergana, Kashkadarya, Surkhandarya, Navoi, Bukhara and Samarkand regions. Our studies showed that nematodes of the family Trichostrongylidae varied significantly in frequency of occurrence in small cattle in different regions and seasons of the year. The highest trichostrongyle infection in animals was observed in the Bukhara region (39.7%) and the lowest in the Andijan region (13.7%). The most favorable time for the development and reproduction of trichostrongyles is in spring and autumn when the trichostrongyle infection rate in ruminants averaged 8.3–55.3%, and the intensity of infection was 1–121 specimens. In the desert zone, the average annual prevalence in domestic ruminants is 43.5%, the intensity of infection is 1–279, in the adyr belts the average annual prevalence is 34.6% and the intensity of infection is 3–131 specimens, in the foothills the average annual prevalence is 34% and the intensity of infection is 2–193 specimens, in mountainous areas the average annual prevalence is 31.4% and the intensity of infection is 1–279 specimens.
Evaluation of Using Magnetized Water in Leaching Salts in Sandy Loam Soil
Authors: Abdul-Raheem Liqaa Hussein , Azzubaidi Riyadh Z.
Published: June 2021

Many studies and researchers have reported significant evidence that some physical properties of water can be changed as it passes through a magnetic field that can improve water use.  This can have a promising potential for applications, especially in the fields of irrigation and drainage. In this research, magnetized water was used to leach salt-affected sandy loam soil. A test rig was designed and constructed to investigate the effects of magnetized water on leaching soil. The rig consists of a magnetization device that can provide variable intensity. Water was supplied from a constant head reservoir to the magnetization device then to the soils that were placed in plastic columns. Five different magnetic intensities and five different times of exposing the flow of water to the magnetic field were applied. The time of exposure to the magnetic field was represented by the flow velocity of the flow passing through the magnetic field. The treated water is applied to leach each soil column in three consecutive leaching processes. Leaching water drained from the soil samples were tested for EC and pH, K+, Na+, Mg+2, Ca+2, Cl-, HCO-3, and SO4-2. The results showed that the efficiency of magnetized water in removing salts from the soil is more than the untreated water. As the magnetic intensity and exposure time are increased, more salts were leached out of the soil. When comparing the experiments conducted with magnetized water with that untreated water, the maximum increase in the EC value was 58.6%, and in the pH values was of 2.4%.
Teaching Mindful Writers
Authors: Dickens Andrea
Published: June 2021

NA
International Trends in Educational Assessment: Emerging Issues and Practices
Authors: Ellithorpe Anne-Marie
Published: June 2021

NA
Critical Race Theory in Teacher Education: Informing Classroom Culture and Practice
Authors: Fears Barbara A.
Published: June 2021

NA
A Guide to Collaborative Communication for Service-Learning and Community Engagement Partners
Authors: Lee Ahyun
Published: June 2021

NA
about Museums, Culture, and Justice to Explore in Your Classroom
Authors: Washburn Jody
Published: June 2021

NA
Why Race and Culture Matter in Schools: Closing the Achievement Gap in America's Classrooms
Authors: Chu Ilo Stan
Published: June 2021

NA
Enhancing Education and Training Initiatives Through Serious Games
Authors: Kahm Emily
Published: June 2021

NA
Sosyal Medyada Veri Güvenliği ve Kişisel Mahremiyet Sorunu
Authors: ARAT Tugay , ASLAN Mahmut Mert
Published: May 2021

“İletişim Çağı” olarak da tanımlanan günümüz dünyasında bilişim teknolojileri her gün biraz daha gelişmektedir. Bu gelişmelerin asıl amacı, insanlar arasındaki iletişim gereksinimlerini gittikçe daha kolay ve yaygın hale getirmektir. Nitekim bugün itibariyle internet ağı neredeyse bütün dünyaya ulaşmış durumdadır. İnternet ağının en yaygın ve etkin platformları olan sosyal medya siteleri ve onların gizli alt katmanları sosyal ilişkilerin büyük bir bölümünün gerçekleştiği alanlardır; fakat bu alanda gerçekleşen sosyal ve özel ilişkiler konusunda birtakım veri güvenliği ve mahremiyet sorunları yaşanmaktadır. Buna “dijital mahremiyet” de denmektedir. Ne yazık ki bu tür istismarlar bazı kullanıcıların diğer bazılarına ait özel bilgilere erişim sağlaması ve onları çeşitli şekillerde istismar etmesi ile sınırlı değildir. Daha önemlisi, internet ağı ve sosyal medya sitelerinin Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’ndeki ana üslerinde bütün kullanıcıların kişisel bilgileri kayıt altına alınmakta ve arşivlenmektedir. Bu özel bilgilerin kullanıcılar aleyhinde kullanılıp kullanılmadığı ya da gelecekte böyle bir riskin olup olmadığından emin olmak mümkün değildir. Bu nedenle, kişisel mahremiyetine ve geleceğine değer veren kullanıcılar sosyal medyada ileride istismar edilmeye müsait olan özel bilgi, belge, resim ve videolar paylaşmaktan titizlikle kaçınmalıdır.
Kitle Toplumundan Ağ Toplumuna Taraftarlık Altkültürünün Değişim Pratikleri: Fenerbahçe Tribünü
Authors: SERBES Hüseyin , ESKİCUMALI Ahmet
Published: May 2021

İnsana ait olanı aramanın bir çabası olarak değerlendirilebilecek olan kültür, bizi karşılaştırmalı bir bilgiye, bir gündelik hayat tarihine götürür. Gündelik hayat içerisinde izini sürebileceğimiz kültürel alanlardan tribün altkültürüne odaklanan bu çalışma, Dijk’ın öne sürdüğü (2018) ‘ağ toplumu teorisi’ çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir. Nitel araştırma yaklaşımı çerçevesinde, taraftar gruplarının bağımsız yayınları olarak değerlendirilen fanzinlerdeki metinleri odağa alarak söylem çözümlemesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında incelenen fanzinlerin, tribün altkültürünün kapitalist yayın anlayışından uzaklaşarak karşı-kamusal alanları oluşturduğu görülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgular ışığında, kitle toplumu ve ağ toplumu tipolojisindeki unsurlar karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu karşılaştırmada metinlerden çalışmanın kuramsal çerçevesi dikkate alınarak kodlar aracılığıyla bölümler halinde temalar oluşturularak bu temalar tartışılmış ve yorumlanmıştır. Sonuçlar, endüstriyel ve modern olarak adlandırılan futbolun daha çok piyasalaşmasıyla, taraftar gruplarını kitlesel toplum yoğunlaşmalarından ağ toplumuna taşıdığını yansıtmaktadır. Bu durum, sosyal medya örgütlenmelerinin iletişim kanallarını artırıcı bir güç oluşturmasına rağmen tribün kültürüne bütüncül zarar verdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Metinler bağlamında yapılan değerlendirme, tribünlerdeki modernite uygulamalarının üretim, paylaşım ve sahiplenme duygularında olumsuz duygular meydana getirdiğini göstermektedir. Ayrıca, tribün aktörleri, sosyal medya çağında tribün kültürünün metalaşmasına karşı çıkarak bu altkültürün tüm unsurlarıyla birlikte devam etmesi yönünde çaba içerisinde oldukları görülmektedir.
Türkiye-ABD İlişkilerinde Basının Yeri: Missouri Zırhlısı’nın Türkiye Ziyareti
Authors: KOCAMAN Melek Tuğba , GÖLCÜ Abdulkadir
Published: May 2021

Dünyanın iki ana bloğa bölündüğü Soğuk Savaş döneminde, yönünü muasır medeniyetler seviyesine yükselme düsturunun da etkisiyle Batıya dönen Türk siyasetçileri ve diplomatları tercihlerini Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ile yakınlaşmaktan yana kullanmışlardır. Bu yakınlaşmanın görünür yanını ise kuşkusuz Amerikan ordusunun güzide savaş gemisi Missouri Zırhlısı’nın Türkiye ziyareti oluşturmaktadır. Bu ziyaret Türkiye’nin dış politikasındaki paradigma değişiminin başat noktası olan Truman ve Marshall yardımları ve Askeri Kolaylıklar Anlaşmaları gibi süreçlerin de fitilini ateşlemiştir. Böylesine önemli bir ziyarete kayıtsız kalması mümkün olmayan yazılı basın ise, bu ziyareti haberleştirirken Türk kamuoyunu pozitif bir algı ekseninde şekillendirmek için elinden gelen çabayı göstermekten çekinmemiştir. Missouri Zırhlısı’nın Türkiye’ye gelişinin Türk basınındaki izdüşümünü araştıran bu çalışmada dönemin basınından Akşam, Cumhuriyet, İkdam, Tanin, Ulus ve Vakit gazeteleri örneklem olarak seçilmiştir. İncelenen gazetelerin tarihleri Missouri’nin Türkiye’de karşılandığı 5 Nisan 1946 ile Türkiye’den gidişinin ertesi günü olan 10 Nisan tarihleri arasıdır. Gazetelerin incelenmesinde nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından birisi olan betimsel analiz kullanılmıştır. Basının bu ziyaret özelinde hükümetin Amerika ile yakınlaşmasında bir meşrulaştırma aracı olarak çalıştığı ve yayınlarını Amerika-Türkiye dostluğu vurgusuyla yaptığı görülmektedir. Ziyareti haberleştiren gazetelerin birçok sayfası propagandist görseller ve fotoğrafla süslenmiş, basın Missouri’nin ziyaretini bir şenlik, bir bayram havasında kamuoyuna aktarmayı tercih etmiştir.
Moscow Commercial School during the Patriotic War of 1812
Authors: Frumenkova Tatyana , Zlatina Maria , Rogushina Lyudmila
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes the peculiarities of the situation of the charitable educational institution-the Moscow commercial school-during the Patriotic War of 1812. The Council of merchants-trustees headed by the Moscow city mayor A. A. Kumanin delayed the evacuation of the school from Moscow and in fact abandoned it to its fate. The patroness of the school, Empress Maria Feodorovna, had to help the director during the evacuation and at the initial stage of the return of the school to the burned Moscow.
KAMU TERCİHİ VE YÖNETİMDE KARAR VERME: TEORİK BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: ÖZER Mehmet Akif , KARTAL Meryem
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışmanın temel inceleme nesnesi olan Kamu Tercihi Teorisi, iktisat teorisinin mübadele sürecini analiz etmek için geliştirdiği araç ve metotları kullanarak politik karar alma sürecinin analizini yapmaktadır. Teoride piyasa sürecinin yerini politik karar alma süreci, piyasadaki aktörlerin yerini ise politik sürecin aktörleri olan seçmenler, bürokratlar, politikacılar ve baskı grupları almaktadır. Bu yönüyle teori; siyaset bilimi, hukuk ve ekonominin kesişme noktasında bulunmaktadır. Çalışmada Kamu Tercihi Teorisinin karar verme sürecini etkile-yen bireysel/grupsal ve örgütsel faktörlere yönelik etkisini ortaya konulmaya çalışılmaktadır. Öncelikle karar alma sürecini etkileyen bireysel faktörler kapsamında politik karar verme sürecinin temel aktörleri olan seçmenler ve bürokratların kamu tercihine göre yaklaşımları değerlendirilmiştir. İkinci olarak ise karar alma sürecinde etkili olan örgütsel faktörler ile kamu tercihi ilişkisi ortaya koyulmuştur. Çalışmada bu kapsamda önce Kamu Tercihi Teorisi kavramsal bir bakış açısıyla ele alınmıştır. Ardından teorinin ortaya çıkışı, tarihsel süreci ve temel ilkeleri, çalışmanın odak noktası olan karar verme ile ilgili temel hususlara vurgu yapılarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın son kısmında ise yönetimde karar verme süreci ve bu sürece kamu tercihi etkisi bireysel ve örgütsel faktörler üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir.
Vivências das mães de recém-nascidos em risco e perigo: Perceções de uma equipa enfermagem de saúde materna e obstetrícia
Authors: Pereira Helena , Monteiro Maria João , Gomes da Costa José
Published: May 2021

Contexto e Objetivo: Este estudo visa perceber as vivências das mães de recém-nascidos em risco e perigo na perspetiva de uma equipa de enfermagem de saúde materna e obstetrícia. Método: realizou-se uma investigação de caráter qualitativo e desenho transversal, na qual participaram dezanove enfermeiros de saúde materna e obstetrícia. A recolha de dados foi feita através de um questionário sociodemográfico e um guião de entrevista semiestruturado composto por questões abertas. Resultados: Na perspetiva dos enfermeiros entrevistados, o percurso de vida das mães de recém-nascidos em risco e perigo apresenta um acumular de acontecimentos desafiantes, que em alguns casos pode afetar os cuidados maternos e em consequência o desenvolvimento do recém-nascido. Além disso, segundo os enfermeiros entrevistados, as mães lidam com a avaliação das situações de risco e perigo, sobretudo, com receio de separação do recém-nascido. Apesar disso, consideram que, na maioria das vezes, a colaboração para o trabalho profissional é positiva. Conclusões: É necessária uma avaliação e intervenção precoces por parte dos profissionais que acompanham estas mães e famílias, tendo em vista as necessidades dos recém-nascidos para evitar a perpetuação das situações de risco e perigo.
自殺研究と研究者の思い
Authors: Le Tam-Tri
Published: May 2021

自殺を研究することについての考えと本論文の紹介です。
Systematic review of meta-analyses to assess the impacts of farming practices - A methodological framework
Authors: Makowski David , Bosco Simona , Chen Mathilde , Montero-Castaño Ana , Pérez-Soba Marta , Schievano Andrea , Terres Jean-Michel
Published: June 2021

Identifying sustainable agricultural practices to support policy development requires a rigorous synthesis of scientific evidence based on experiments carried out around the world. In agricultural science, meta-analyses (MAs) are now commonly used to assess the impact of farming practices on a variety of outcomes, including crop and livestock productions, biodiversity, greenhouse gas emissions, nitrate leaching, soil organic carbon, based on a large number of experimental data. MA has become a gold standard method for quantitative research synthesis, and the growing number of MAs available can potentially be used to inform decisions of policy makers. However, published MAs are heterogeneous both in content and quality, and a framework is needed to help scientists to report the results and quality levels of MAs in a rigorous and transparent manner. Such a framework must be implementable quickly - within weeks - to be operational and compatible with the time constraints of modern policymaking processes. In this paper, we propose a methodological framework for assessing the impacts of farming practices based on a systematic review of published MAs. The framework includes four main steps: (1) literature search of existing MAs, (2) screening and selection of MAs, (3) data extraction and quality assessment, and (4) reporting. Three types of reports are generated from the extracted data: individual reports summarizing the contents of each MA (MA summary reports), reports summarizing each of the impacts of a given farming practice on a specific environmental, climate mitigation, or production outcome (single-impact reports), and report summarizing all the impacts of a given farming practice on all the outcomes considered (general report). All these reports present the quality levels of the MAs examined on the basis of 16 quality criteria. The proposed framework is semi-automatic in the sense that the skeletons of the reports are generated automatically from the spreadsheet used for the data extraction and quality assessment. This semi-automatic procedure allows scientific experts to reduce the time needed in the reporting step. Since 2020, the proposed framework was successfully applied by a group of scientific experts to support decisions of EU policy makers, and examine a large diversity of single farming practices (e.g. nitrification inhibitors, biochar, liming) and cropping systems (e.g. organic systems, agroforestry) in a relatively short period of time. It provides an operational tool for scientists who want to supply policymakers with scientific evidence based on large numbers of experiments, in a timely and reproducible manner.
Over-expression of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in human endometrial cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: June 2021

Gynecologic cancers including cancers of the endometrium are a clinical problem (1-4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to discover genes associated with endometrial cancers by comparing transcriptomes of the normal endometrium and endometrial tumors from humans. We identified glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, encoded by GAPDH, as among the most differentially expressed genes, transcriptome-wide, in cancers of the endometrium. GAPDH was expressed at significantly higher levels in endometrial tumor tissues as compared to the endometrium. Importantly, in human endometrial cancer, primary tumor expression of GAPDH was correlated with recurrence-free survival in white patients with low mutational burden. GAPDH may be a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of human endometrial cancer. These data argue that GAPDH should not be utilized as an internal reference or normalization gene for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction measurement of target depletion in loss-of-function genetic analyses in human endometrial cancer.
Introduction to “Quantum Light Theory” (QLT) (version 3.0)
Authors: Vegt Wim
Published: May 2021

Quantum Light Theory (QLT) is the development in Quantum Field Theory (QFT). In Quantum Field Theory, the fundamental interaction fields are replacing the concept of elementary particles in Classical Quantum Mechanics. In Quantum Light Theory the fundamental interaction fields are being replaced by One Single Field. The Electromagnetic Field, generally well known as Light. To realize this theoretical concept, the fundamental theory has to go back in time 300 years, the time of Isaac Newton to follow a different path in development. Nowadays experiments question more and more the fundamental concepts in Quantum Field Theory and Classical Quantum Mechanics. The publication “Operational Resource Theory of Imaginarity“ in “Physical Review Letters” in 2021 (Ref. [2]) presenting the first experimental evidence for the measurability of “Quantum Mechanical Imaginarity” directly leads to the fundamental question in this experiment: How is it possible to measure the imaginary part of “Quantum Physical Probability Waves”? This publication provides an unambiguously answer to this fundamental question in Physics, based on the fundamental “Gravitational Electromagnetic Interaction” force densities. The “Quantum Light Theory” presents a new “Gravitational-Electromagnetic Equation” describing Electromagnetic Field Configurations which are simultaneously the Mathematical Solutions for the Quantum Mechanical “Schrodinger Wave Equation” and more exactly the Mathematical Solutions for the “Relativistic Quantum Mechanical Dirac Equation”. The Mathematical Solutions for the “Gravitational-Electromagnetic Equation” carry Mass, Electric Charge and Magnetic Spin at discrete values.
Pembelajaran Politik Bagi Generasi Penerus Daerah Banjar
Authors: Yasir Muhammad
Published: May 2021

Ilmu politik merupakan ilmu mengenai suatu cara untuk menggapai tujuan kehidupan yang lebih baik. Ilmu politik memiliki fungsi dan peranan yang sangat penting bagi kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara, dikarenakan politik mempengaruhi berbagai aspek yang ada dalam kehidupan. Baik atau tidaknya nasib suatu bangsa dipengaruhi oleh para generasi penerusnya. Politik merupakan sesuatu yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dalam kehidupan manusia, sehingga pembelajaran politik menjadi suatu hal yang penting dan berhubungan dengan status individu sebagai warga di masyaratkat dan negara. Pembelajaran politik bagi generasi penerus bangsa merupakan suatu upaya pendidikan untuk membentuk kesadaran individu serta masyarakat dalam memahami hak dan kewajiban serta tanggung jawab sebagai warga negara. Pendidikan kewarganegaraan merupakan mata pelajaran yang sangat luas cakupannya. Pendidikan kewarganegaraan bisa diasumsikan sebagai pendidikan nilai, pendidikan moral, pendidikan hukum, dan bahkan pendidikan politik.
Chuyên san Dạy và Học - Số 35 - Phục hồi
Authors: Nguyen Linh-Chi , Anh Duong Phu Viet , Hoang Anh-Duc , nguyen trang , Tung Ngo Thi Thanh , Yen Dao Thi Hai , Chau Trinh Minh , Khue Vu Minh , Ha Vu Duc
Published: May 2021

Quý độc giả thân mến,Kỳ nghỉ hè đã tới, dù với một số nơi có thể còn có phần ngổn ngang và đột ngột. Sau một năm học đầy biến động và khó khăn, đây có thể là khoảng thời gian để giáo viên, học sinh cùng ngành giáo dục nói chung được nghỉ ngơi trước khi tiếp tục hành trình chắc hẳn còn nhiều thách thức. Dạy & Học số 35 với tựa đề “Phục hồi” xin gửi tới quý vị các bài viết gợi ý những cách thức giúp sửa chữa những “tổn thương” mà trường học và các cá nhân trong đó đang phải đối mặt.“Giải quyết và ngăn ngừa kiệt sức ở giáo viên” là một hồi chuông báo động về tình trạng xuống cấp cả về thể chất và tinh thần của giáo viên, cũng như những gợi ý để cải thiện điều này. “Bốn cách để trường học có thể hỗ trợ trẻ em một cách toàn diện” hướng trường học quan tâm tới mọi mục tiêu phát triển của trẻ em - bao gồm cả khía cạnh cảm xúc - xã hội - thay vì chỉ tập trung vào hoạt động học thuật. Và có lẽ để làm được điều này, trước tiên chúng ta cần cân nhắc việc “Ngưng hình thức đình chỉ”. Dạy và học vốn chưa bao giờ là một công việc dễ dàng, thì nay lại càng bị tổn hại do những ảnh hưởng của đại dịch COVID - 19. “Bảo vệ sức khỏe tinh thần trong một thời kỳ bất ổn” gợi ý cách các trường đại học có thể hỗ trợ sinh viên; và “Dáng hình tin tức” lại tận dụng đại dịch này để hướng dẫn giáo viên dạy học sinh cách theo dõi và phân tích tin tức sao cho phù hợp. “Đã đến lúc ngừng bắt học sinh “Tìm ý chính toàn bài” và áp dụng một phương pháp dạy đọc mới” lại khẳng định rằng nội dung đọc phong phú quan trọng hơn là các kỹ năng phân tích, đọc hiểu. Ngược lại, “nhờ” đại dịch COVID-19, Anh quyết định bỏ kỳ thi A-level và GCSE và quay lại với đánh giá của giáo viên. Câu chuyện “Công bằng trong đánh giá năng lực học sinh” tiếp tục trở thành chủ đề đáng quan tâm hơn bao giờ hết.Cuối cùng, “Làm thế nào để học sinh luôn hứng thú trong lớp học” cung cấp 10 gợi ý rất cụ thể để giáo viên nâng cao việc quản lý lớp học. Và framework giáo dục kỳ này sẽ hỗ trợ cha mẹ và giáo viên mầm non giúp trẻ có một “Khởi đầu thuận lợi cho những năm đầu đời”. Xin chúc Quý vị có những khoảng thời gian thú vị.Trân trọng,Ban Biên tập Lộn Xộn
CTLA4 expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: May 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival at time of analysis: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of the T-cell inhibitory co-receptor for the B7 ligand, CTLA4, when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. Importantly, CTLA4 expression was significantly correlated with overall survival in basal subtype breast cancer, a molecular subtype sharing significant overlap with triple negative breast cancer. CTLA4 may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
Resume Hukum Tatanegara_173
Authors: S Dwi Agung Prastowo
Published: May 2021

Partai politik adalah kelompok otonom dari warga negara, memiliki kegunaan dalam membuat nominasi-nominasi dan peserta pemilu, memiliki keinginan memandu pengawasan pada kekuasaan pemerintahan terus merebut jabatanjabatan publik dalam organisasi pemerintahan. Menurut Miriam Budiardjo, partai politik merupakan suatu kelompok terorganisir yang anggota-anggotanya mempunyai orientasi, nilai-nilai, dancita-cita yang sama. Tujuan kelompok ini adalah untuk memperoleh kekuasaan politik dan merebut kedudukan politik (biasanya) dengan cara konstitusional untuk melaksanakan programnya. Begitu juga menurut Carl J. Friedrich, partai politik adalah sekelompok manusia yang terorganisir secara stabil dengan tujuan merebut atau mempertahankan pengusaan terhadap pemerintahan bagi pimpinan partainya, dan berdasarkan penguasaan ini, memberikan pada anggota partainya kemanfaatan yang bersifat adil serta material. Sementara menurut Sigmund Neuman, partai politik adalah organisasi dan aktivisaktivis politik yang berusaha untuk menguasai kekuasaan pemerintahan serta merebut dukungan rakyat melalui persaingan dengan suatu golongan atau golongan-golongan lain yang mempunyai pandangan yang berbeda. Selanjutnya pakar ilmu politik lainnya, Giovani Sartori, berpendapat bahwa partai politik adalah suatu kelompok politik yang mengikuti pemilihan umum dan melalui pemilihan umum itu, mampu menempatkan caloncalonnya untuk menduduki jabatanjabatan politik. Secara operasional lebih teknis, sebagaimana digambarkan oleh undang-undang (UU) Politik, yaitu UU No. 2/2008 tentang Partai Politik, menegaskan bahwa pengertian partai politik adalah organisasi yang bersifat nasional dan dibentuk oleh sekelompok warga negara Indonesia secara sukarela atas dasar kesamaan kehendak dan cita-cita untuk memperjuangkan dan membela kepentingan politik anggota, masyarakat, bangsa, dan negara serta memelihara keutuhan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia berdasarkan Pancasila dan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945.
Uncertainty-based inference of a common cause for body ownership
Authors: Chancel Marie , Ehrsson H. Henrik , Ma Wei Ji
Published: June 2021

Many studies have investigated the contributions of vision, touch, and proprioception to body ownership, i.e., the multisensory perception of limbs and body parts as our own. However, the computational processes and principles that determine subjectively experienced body ownership remain unclear. To address this issue, we developed a detection-like psychophysics task based on the classic rubber hand illusion paradigm where participants were asked to report whether the rubber hand felt like their own (the illusion) or not. We manipulated the asynchrony of visual and tactile stimuli delivered to the rubber hand and the hidden real hand under different levels of visual noise. We found that (1) the probability of the emergence of the rubber hand illusion increased with visual noise and was well predicted by a causal inference model involving the observer computing the probability of the visual and tactile signals coming from a common source; (2) the causal inference model outperformed a non-Bayesian model involving the observer not taking into account sensory uncertainty; (3) by comparing body ownership and visuotactile synchrony detection, we found that the prior probability of inferring a common cause for the two types of multisensory precepts was correlated but greater for ownership, which suggests that individual differences in rubber hand illusion can be explained at the computational level as differences in how priors are used in the multisensory integration process. These results imply that the same statistical principles determine the perception of the bodily self and the external world.
Do typological differences in the expression of causality influence preschool children's causal event construal?
Authors: Ger Ebru , Küntay Aylin C. , Göksun Tilbe , Stoll Sabine , Daum Moritz M.
Published: May 2021

This study investigated whether crosslinguistic differences in the expression of causality influence causal conceptualization of observed events in 3- to 4-year-old Swiss-German-learners and Turkish-learners. In Swiss-German, causality is mainly expressed lexically (e.g., schniidä “to cut”). In Turkish, causality is expressed both lexically, and morphologically with a verbal suffix (e.g., yemek “to eat” vs. yeDIRmek “to feed”). Moreover, unlike Swiss-German, Turkish allows argument ellipsis (e.g. “Mary pushed”). We used pseudo-verbs to test if and how well Swiss children inferred a causal meaning from lexical constructions compared to Turkish children tested in three conditions: lexical, morphological, and morphological constructions with object ellipsis. Swiss children and Turkish children in all three conditions reliably inferred causal meanings, and did so to a similar extent. The findings suggest that children as young as age 3 make use of the specific features of how their native language expresses causality to infer causal meanings.
A Neurocognitive Psychometrics Account of Individual Differences in Attentional Control
Authors: Schubert Anna-Lena , Löffler Christoph , Hagemann Dirk
Published: May 2021

Attention control processes play an important role in many substantial psychological theories, but are hard to reliably and validly measure on the subject-level. Therefore, associations between individual differences in attentional control and other variables are often inconsistent. Here we propose a novel neurocognitive psychometrics account of attentional control that integrates model parameters from the dual-stage two-phase model (Hübner et al., 2010), a mathematical model of selective attention, with neural correlates of conflict processing in a multi-layer structural equation model framework. We analyzed data from 150 participants who completed the Eriksen Flanker task while their EEG was recorded and used the neurocognitive psychometric approach to distinguish between two sequential stages of information-processing – target selection and response selection. Model parameters and neural correlates showed convergent validity and could be meaningfully related to each other. Together, these neurocognitive process parameters jointly predicted 37 % of the variance in individual differences in higher-order cognitive abilities. Individuals with greater cognitive abilities were not only better at focusing their attention on the target stimulus, but also at subsequent response-selection. All in all, our results support the idea that individual differences in attentional control processes contribute to individual differences in cognitive abilities. Moreover, they provide hope that the measurement crisis of individual differences in attentional control can be overcome by integrating measurement approaches from related disciplines such as mathematical psychology and cognitive neuroscience.
The Covid-19 Crisis and People’s Right to Food
Authors: Drèze Jean , Somanchi Anmol
Published: June 2021

India’s national lockdown in 2020, in response to the Covid-19 crisis, was one of the harshest in the world. Multiple household surveys indicate that the lockdown and the economic recession that followed led to a severe nutrition crisis. Food deprivation was most intense during the national lockdown but continued throughout the year. Relief measures helped, but they compensated for just a fraction of people’s income losses, even among poor households. It is doubtful that employment, income and nutrition among informal-sector workers and their families ever regained their pre-lockdown levels before a second wave of the Covid-19 epidemic hit the country in early 2021. The Indian government’s failure to put in place more effective relief measures is a serious denial of people’s right to food. With relief measures off the table in 2021, at the time of writing, there is a serious danger of another wave of intense food deprivation. [This paper was prepared for the Centre for Health Equity, Law and Policy (C-HELP).]
Banko Janakari: status and way forward
Authors: Pokharel Kiran Kumar
Published: June 2021

Not available