bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and associated risk factors of STEMI and NSTEMI at NGHA Cardiac Center, Riyadh
Authors: Balghith Mohammed , Alsubaie Abdullah , Alshammari Malek , Alzahrani Moayad , Alawad Mohammed , Alamri Sultan , Aljehaiman Bandar
Published: January 2024

Background:
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a global health concern, and their incidence has been on the rise in the Middle East due to lifestyle changes and risk factors. Each year, millions of people suffer from ST-elevation Myocardial infarction (STEMI) and Non-ST-elevation Myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), both of which are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and associated risk factors of STEMI and NSTEMI.
Methods:
This retrospective cross-sectional observational study investigates the associated risk factors for STEMI and NSTEMI in cardiac patients. Utilizing patient data extracted from electronic medical records (EMRs) of a tertiary care hospital\'s cardiac care unit, dependent variables, and independent variables were recorded.
Results:
Out of the 363 cardiac patients, gender strongly influenced diagnosis, with males more likely to have STEMI (17.2%) and females having NSTEMI (83.18%). Hypertension and hyperlipidemia were also significantly associated (95.31% HTN, 91.73% HPL). Smoking displayed no significant association. Diabetes Mellitus (DM), particularly when accompanied by obesity, was significantly associated with NSTEMI (89.70% DM with obesity). Obesity alone did not show significance. Previous PCI and CABG did not significantly predict diagnosis. Age strongly influenced diagnosis, with the 61-80 age group predominantly diagnosed with NSTEMI (55.81%).
Conclusion:
Gender, HTN, HPL, DM (especially when considering obesity), and age group appear to be strong predictors, while smoking, obesity alone, and a history of previous PCI or CABG do not have significant effects on admission diagnosis.
Tiktok: Media Baru dan Jalan Terang Dakwah Modern
Authors: Nugroho M Wahyu Abdi , Moefad Agoes Moh
Published: January 2024

This study aims to discuss Tiktok as a new media that is now developing and is in great demand by social media users. Islamic da'wah which also definitely needs the media in its activities cannot be separated from the problems surrounding the use of Tiktok as a medium. This study uses a qualitative approach through literature analysis methods related to the research topic. Literature analysis is carried out by collecting various libraries from books or books, journals and other relevant sources. The results of this study indicate that Islam in the perspective of fiqh does not curb the use of Tiktok as a propaganda medium, but Islam regulates with religious boundaries and references regarding what content is allowed in Islam for its use as a propaganda medium.
Implementasi Akhlak Profetik dalam Komunikasi Interpersonal Nabi Ibrahim AS
Authors: Rahman Taufik -
Published: January 2024

AbstractProphetic communication and morals are often based on communication patterns and the values contained in them that were built by the Prophet Muhammad in his interactions in this life. Studying and drawing prophetic communication and morals long before the time of Prophet Muhammad SAW, namely during the time of Prophet Abraham AS, is certainly an interesting study. How the approach of prophetic morality was carried out by Prophet Ibrahim AS in his interpersonal interactions with Prophet Ismail AS depicted in the Koran is an important part of the implementation of prophetic morals which also needs to be emulated. The cultivation of noble prophetic moral values in communication as exemplified by Prophet Ibrahim AS through showing affection to the communicant in conveying messages, being open in hearing the opinions of other parties, not being hasty in executing ideas so as to make joint commitments and agreements that occur are the main points that can be exemplified from the prophetic morals shown from the communication of Prophet Ibrahim AS. AbstrakKomunikasi dan akhlak profetik sering disandarkan dengan pola komunikasi dan nilai yang terkandung di dalamnya yang dibangun oleh baginda Rasul SAW dalam interaksinya di kehidupan ini. Mengulik dan menarik komunikasi dan akhlak profetik jauh sebelum zaman Nabi Muhammad SAW yaitu pada zaman Nabi Ibrahim AS tentu menjadi kajian yang menarik. Bagaimana pendekatan akhlak profetik yang dilakukan Nabi Ibrahim AS dalam interaksinya secara interpersonal dengan Nabi Ismail AS yang terlukis di dalam Alquran adalah bagian penting dari implementasi akhlak profetik yang juga perlu diteladani. Penanaman nilai akhlak profetik yang luhur dalam komunikasi yang dicontohkan Nabi Ibrahim AS melalui penunjukan kasih sayang kepada komunikan dalam menyampaikan pesan, terbuka dalam mendengar pendapat pihak lain, tidak tergesa-gesa dalam mengeksekusi gagasan hingga melakukan komitmen bersama dan kesepakatan yang terjadi adalah poin utama yang bisa diteladani dari akhlak profetik yang ditampilkan dari komunikasi Nabi Ibrahim AS.
The Role of Legal Aid And Consultation Agencies Faculty of Law University of Muhammadiyah Sukabumi to Prevent Domestic Violence
Authors: Kusumah Haidan Angga Kusumah , Ginalita Dwi Putri R Eriska , Rachmawati Ike
Published: January 2024

This research was motivated by the ineffectiveness of the efforts of the government and social institutions, law enforcement agencies in reducing the number of domestic violence that occurs in the community, and especially for the role of legal aid institutions that provide legal assistance in assisting domestic violence cases is still ineffective, because people who need legal assistance in accessing legal aid in domestic violence cases are still low, especially people in the Sukabumi Regency area in terms of prevention and Legal assistance in domestic violence cases by Legal Aid Providers is still not well coordinated. Therefore, research was conducted with concrete objectives on how to step the strategy pattern of the role of the Legal Assistance and Consultation Institute (LBKH) Faculty of Law, University of Muhammadiyah Sukabumi, in tackling domestic violence crimes in Sukabumi.  The research method used is descriptive-analytic, that is, explaining existing data from relevant materials and analyzing them with reference to juridical foundations. The wrong approach that will be taken is to make observations in advance of an existing problem by being studied qualitatively and quantitatively, making a   pattern the concept of handling the provision of legal assistance between LBKH and the Local Village Area. The results showed that with a pattern of strategic concepts applied between the cooperation of  LBKH and the local village government, it can be possible to emphasize domestic violence cases in Sukabumi Regency by also focusing on the concept of domestic violence together with social institutions, law enforcement, and other institutions. With legal aid institutions in the regions tackling domestic violence cases in the community, solutions can be found by forming a pattern of joint handling concepts both in terms of prevention and legal assistance can run effectively, especially so that the role of legal aid institutions in providing legal assistance for domestic violence cases is maximized, especially in terms of prevention and legal assistance.
Implementation of REST API in Web Service System for Medical Resume Provision
Authors: Roziqin Mochammad Choirur , Noor Muhammad Syeikhoni , Iskandar Abdullah , Yuliantika Ananda
Published: January 2024

This research seeks to develop a web service system that functions as a medical resume provision via RESTful API. Accurate and comprehensive medical records are critical in the identification and diagnosis of patients. Medical resumes, which summarize a patient's healthcare services and are completed by the responsible doctor, are an essential component of medical records. Electronic medical record systems can aid in patient care, and a patient's prior health history is crucial in developing a holistic and continuous treatment plan. Unfortunately, patients often require a fresh medical examination due to a lack of past health data. The proposed system can interconnect with other electronic medical record systems and facilitate the exchange of medical resume data between hospitals. This research employs the waterfall development system. The resultant system provides patient medical resumes from participating hospitals, offering a solution to the problem of inconsistent patient information and clinical data, and improves service quality and diagnosis accuracy based on available data.
Performance Musical, Emoción e Interpretación: un estudio con IAPS
Authors: Conti Mirta , Díaz Alberto , Sáez Alejandra , Blake Mariano
Published: January 2024

La performance musical tiene altos requerimientos en relación a la adquisición de destrezas cognitivas y motoras de alta precisión. El músico acostumbra a fijar objetivos para la calidad de su performance y también para cómo debe sentirse durante la misma. Además el músico, ya sea profesional o estudiante, debe atravesar frecuentemente situaciones en las que será evaluado. Para lidiar con ello busca moderar sus emociones, en ocasiones intentando incluso silenciar la propia emocionalidad durante la performance musical, pensando que de este modo se privilegia una performance de calidad y excelencia. Se presentan en este trabajo los resultados preliminares de un estudio en el cual, por medio del International Affective Picture System (IAPS), una serie de imágenes estandarizadas para modular las emociones, se han buscado establecer vínculos entre las emociones de valencia positiva-negativa y la performance musical.
The Conversion of Ownership Type of Communal Land for Economic Activity, Resilience of Customary Law Community to State Policy
Authors: Irawan Bimbi , Soetarto Endriatmo , Ekayani Meti , Zain Alinda F.M.
Published: January 2024

Communal land, the dominant form of land ownership in West Sumatra Province, is a legal place customarily to carry out economic activities with the principle of mutual benefit, and no transfer of communal land ownership is permitted. However, current state policies in economic activity tend to change the form of communal land ownership. The legality constructed by the state has made the transfer of ownership of communal land when used for economic activity, which disrupts the system of ownership and tenure of communal land. These conditions led to the emergence of community resilience in maintaining ownership and tenure of communal land. The method used in this research is a case study in two villages/ nagari, where data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews with several elements in the nagari. Community resilience is carried out by converting communal land ownership from nagari communal land to clan or subclan communal land and vice versa. The conversion of ownership type is a form of the resilience of the community against state policies that threaten communal land ownership and tenure while at the same time maintaining a balance of social and economic benefits from the use of communal land for economic activity.
Harmony in Diversity: Social Capital and Social Cohesion in the Gintingan Tradition of the Subang Community
Authors: Anwar Rully Khairul , Khadijah Ute Lies Siti , Rizal Edwin
Published: January 2024

This article analyzes a phenomenon found in rural communities in Subang district: the tradition of Gintingan. The Gintingan is a tradition of donating from one family to a family that will or is holding a celebration. Despite modern times, the tradition lives on due to the ownership of society's social capital. By employing a qualitative strategy coupled with a phenomenological technique, this study examines the effects of putting a traditional practice into action. Mutual trust between individuals is crucial in this case, as they exchange goods with each other repeatedly and contribute to helping Sohibul Hajat. Village communities boast a robust social network that serves various common and personal goals. Despite the tradition remaining constant, everything surrounding it transformed, such as invites, track records of attendees, and the design of dinnerware and barbecues, acquiring contemporary sensibilities. Evidently, society adapts to modernity while holding onto tradition.
CONSUMO DE MÚSICA NO SPOTIFY: ASPECTOS SOBRE O USO DA PLATAFORMA DE STREAMING NO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Breda Letícia Prior , Valiati Vanessa Amalia Dalpizol
Published: January 2024

Diante da popularidade do Spotify no mercado fonográfico, este estudo busca oferecer uma contribuição teórica-conceitual sobre as dinâmicas de consumo na plataforma de streaming. A partir de entrevistas realizadas com 20 usuários, o artigo traz uma análise sobre o consumo de música em quatro eixos: preferência por plataformas de streaming, sistema de recomendação, relações das playlists com o humor e compartilhamento de conteúdo. Os tópicos foram organizados a partir da interpretação dos resultados obtidos na pesquisa Qualitativa. O Spotify apareceu como favorito para a maioria dos entrevistados, que destacaram pontos como facilidade de uso da interface, os algoritmos de recomendação e a personalização das playlists. Somado a isso, o Spotify também se mostrou o primeiro serviço de streaming de música que os respondentes tiveram contato nesse segmento. Além disso, a ligação do consumo de música com o humor dos indivíduos também é investigada por esta pesquisa, que propõe discutir como as playlists podem afetar as práticas culturais dos usuários a partir dos sentimentos ou emoções vivenciadas por eles.
O IMAGINÁRIO INTERNACIONAL A PARTIR DA PRIMEIRA PÁGINA: O CONTRIBUTO DA REVISTA SEARA NOVA NA TRANSIÇÃO DA DITADURA PARA A DEMOCRACIA EM PORTUGAL
Authors: Ribeiro Orquídea Moreira , Ribeiro Fábio
Published: January 2024

Fundada em 1921, a revista Seara Nova destaca-se no panorama mediático português não apenas pela sua longevidade. Durante anos, foi um dos símbolos da resistência ao regime ditatorial liderado por António Salazar (1926-1968) e Marcelo Caetano (1968-1974), sobrevivendo a inúmeras censuras e atentados à liberdade de expressão, com uma proposta editorial que noticiava os problemas do país e diversas situações que marcavam a atualidade internacional e com um olhar atento aos países africanos de língua oficial portuguesa. A partir de uma delimitação temporal (1959-1979) e abordando apenas duas temáticas – a cobertura de assuntos da África de língua portuguesa e os acontecimentos internacionais – este artigo observa a mediatização destes assuntos retratados na primeira página da revista Seara Nova. A análise efetuada às 225 edições, ao longo de duas décadas, permite concluir, por exemplo, que os assuntos internacionais ocupavam um espaço diminuto, mas relevante do ponto de vista editorial. O líder cubano Fidel Castro surge como figura mais vezes retratada, ao mesmo tempo que alguns conflitos militares e políticos menos mediáticos, como o Perú, Chile e a República Dominicana também surgem com frequência. A revista esteve, ainda, atenta aos feitos científicos da altura, como a chegada do Homem à Lua, e manifestou sempre um interesse claro pela literatura, com a recusa do Nobel por Sarte, a morte de Albert Camus ou a passagem de Jorge Amado por Portugal, assim como as mudanças de poder nas ex-colónias. Esta investigação sugere, por fim, que a revista sobreviveu ao regime ditatorial e que a transição para a democracia foi relativamente inócua para o tratamento de assuntos internacionais.
SIROMAŠTVO I SOCIJALNA ISKLJUČENOST NEZAPOSLENIH OSOBA : PERSPEKTIVA SOCIJALNOG RADA
Authors: Marošević Katarina , Barišić Anita , Cafuk Barbara
Published: January 2024

There are numerous challenges that economies face today. Unemployment has many negative outcomes, with poverty and social exclusion being among the most severe. Due to the pronounced instability of economies in the world, generally as a consequence of the pandemic, the consequences of the war in Ukraine, currency changes, and other social issues, the question is raised as to how many employees are under the potential threat of some type of poverty or unemployment. People who do not have enough resources to meet their material needs can be considered to be living in poverty. Therefore, unemployment is not only a cause but also a consequence of poverty and social exclusion. Social exclusion implies the inability to participate in social, economic, cultural, and political life and can be considered a multifaceted process in which a person’s opportunities for employment, access to health care, inclusion in social networks, and other social processes are reduced. This paper aims to analyse the share of people living in poverty and social exclusion in the Republic of Croatia for the period from 2015 to 2021. It also aims to analyse the most frequently used topics discussed in the fields of unemployment as a macroeconomic field and social work as a social field. In that manner, an interdisciplinary approach has been taken. The paper will analyse the trends of the unemployed as a part of the population that, due to non-participation in the labour market, is in potential danger of poverty and social exclusion. Therefore, the tools used in the Republic of Croatia in order to influence the reduction of poverty and social exclusion of unemployed persons are analysed as well as the disproportion expressed at the county level in the Republic of Croatia. Special emphasis is placed on the role of the social work profession in advocating for and representing vulnerable groups and on the measures by which the social welfare system responds to the problems of poverty, social exclusion and, indirectly, unemployment. The paper presents comments and recommendations for potential successful tools for reducing the problem of poverty and social exclusion.
Guidelines based management of androgenetic alopecia
Authors: Chittoria Ravi Kumar , Reddy J. Bharath Prakash
Published: January 2024

Androgenetic alopecia as the name suggests androgenetic hair loss is the most common type of hair loss disorder that affects men and women. Androgenetic hair loss usually starts during puberty followed by a gradual progression of hair loss. The incidence of androgenetic hair loss increases with age affecting up to 80% of men and 42% of women. Patients with androgenetic alopecia can have a significant impact on their quality of life. A systematic literature review was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of current treatment options. The therapist’s recommendations were endorsed by consensus conferences. The aim of this guideline is to give plastic surgeons an evidence-based tool to select an effective and safe remedy.
Computational assessment of spike-hACE2 binding affinity in omicron subvariant BA.2.86
Authors: Huynh Phuoc , Nguyen Thi Thuong Huyen , Thai Ke Quan
Published: January 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic is ongoing and spreading around the world which Omicron and its subvariants lead to. Omicron constantly accumulates numerous Spike (S) protein mutations, increasing binding affinity with hACE2. A novel Omicron subvariant, BA.2.86, was rapidly classified into VUM (Variants Under Monitor) which had more amino acid mutation in S protein than prior Omicron subvariants. This work aimed to validate the mutation’s effective BA.2.86 S protein binding with hACE2. The analyzed in silico binding dynamics between BA.2.86 displayed for this variant behaved similarly to the Omicron BA.2 variant. The deletion V483 located in the Receptor Binding Motif (RBM) reduced the flexibility of residues in the interface that directly interacted with hACE2. Comparing BA.2.86 with BA.2, we found new mutations in the RBD including G339H, K356T, V445H, G446S, N450D, L452W, V483 deletion and F486P, resulting in a decreased binding free energy (BFE) with ACE2. Conversely, mutations R403K, N460K and N481K in BA.2.86 have increased the BFE. BA.2.86 not only stored new mutation decreased binding affinity, but specifically reduced the BFE of Q498R mutation. Overall, this study provided a basis for the low binding affinity of the new BA.2.86 when compared with prior Omicron and its subvariants.
Repurposing of potential bioactive compounds from various database to study their effects on MMP-7 by virtual screening
Authors: Patel Sanakousar K. , Parvatikar Prachi , Bhosale Supriya , Patil Sumangala , Das Kusal K.
Published: January 2024

Matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP7), a member of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family, is involved in the mediation of both agonist-induced vascular tone and cardiac remodelling. We aimed to study the effect of a few bioactive molecules on (MMP-7) by in silico analysis. Data of bioactive molecules were collected from Pubchem and NPACT databases. PDB database was used for the generation of the 3D structure of protein MMP-7. ADME/T properties showed 5 bioactive molecules obeying Lipkin’s rule. Based on molecular docking, β-Sitosetrol and calyxin B are the top two compounds possessing higher ligand efficiency and interactive with higher number of amino acids while targeting MMP-7. The findings of this in silico study indicate 5 bioactive molecules obeying Lipkin’s rule and out of these, two molecules may be considered as possible inhibitors of MMP-7.
The Polish Complementiser 'jakoby': a relevance theoretic account
Authors: Lilley David
Published: January 2024

This paper analyses the Polish complementiser jakoby within the framework of relevance theory. It suggests that those environments in which jakoby is licensed, namely certain indirect-speech-type constructions and clauses embedded under inherently negative predicates, such as zaprzeczyć (“to deny”) and nieprawdą jest (“it is untrue”), have in common that they can be conceived of in metarepresentational terms. Furthermore, it argues that jakoby encodes procedural meaning which restricts it principally to these types of environment. Unlike że (“that”), which can always be substituted for it, jakoby constrains the range of attitudes towards the embedded proposition that can be implied contextually, blocking interpretations on which this proposition is understood to be endorsed, while encouraging the recovery of evaluative stances such as scepticism, doubt and rejection. We show that jakoby can be selected from the point of view of the reporting voice, in which case it receives a global interpretation, or that of the matrix subject; this yields a local interpretation.
General synthesis of conformationally constrained noncanonical amino acids with C(sp3)-rich benzene bioisosteres
Authors: Ma Xiaoshen , Beard Adam , Burgess Samantha , Darlak Miroslawa , Newman Justin , Nogel Lisa , Pietrafitta Mark , Smith David , Wang Xiao , Yue Lei
Published: January 2024

Recent years have seen novel modalities emerge for the treatment of human diseases resulting in an increase in beyond rule of 5 (bRo5) chemical matter. As a result, synthetic innovations aiming at enabling rapid access of complex bRo5 molecular entities become increasingly valuable for medicinal chemists’ tool-kits. Herein, we report the general synthesis of a new class of noncanonical amino acids (ncAA) with a cyclopropyl back-bone to achieve conformational constraint and bearing C(sp3)-rich benzene bioisosteres. We also demonstrate preliminary studies towards utilities of these ncAA as building blocks for medicinal chemistry research.
Revisiting the Electrochemical Competition between Nitrogen Reduction and Hydrogen Evolution: The Role of Surface H-mediated Mechanism
Authors: Chen Zhe , Wang Tao
Published: January 2024

The fast performance decay with potentials is an immense obstacle to achieving an efficient electrocatalytic N2 reduction reaction (eNRR), which is attributed to the competition from hydrogen evolution. However, the potential-dependent competitive behavior and reaction mechanism are still under debate. Herein, by means of constant-potential/hybrid-solvent framework, we revisited the potential-dependence of the competitive adsorption between N2 and H on the FeN4 and RuN4 catalysts, and for the first time defined N2 adsorption, H mediation, and H2 evolution as three crucial regions along potentials. We revealed that the surface H-mediated mechanism is responsible for the experimentally detected volcanic performance at low potentials, but introduces a sluggish reaction kinetics, displaying a double-edged sword nature. We proposed an effective strategy to achieve high-performance NH3 synthesis by enlarging the binding strength difference between N2 and H, endowing a wide potential interval for N2-dominated adsorption and direct electroreduction. This work provides essential insights on the computational design of robust electrocatalysts for practical applications in experiments.
Factors in Determining the Chemo-Selective Reactions at Thymine in One-Electron Oxidation of DNA: Identification of an Intramolecular Proton Coupled Electron Transfer Pathway via a Full-Carbon Spin Centre Shift
Authors: Gu Liuqun
Published: January 2024

Oxidation of DNA causes chemical reactions at nucleobase that ultimately result in DNA damage via mutation. The reaction site could prefer at thymine through one-electron oxidation in “guanine poor regions” or in the presence of Cu(II) with guanine. Two competitive processes of H2O/O2 addition to the thymine radical cation C5-C6 double bond and a proton loss via proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) at methyl group were proposed for elucidation of the complex reaction mechanism at thymine. The DNA repairability of the mutation resulted by the latter process is uncertain, and the factors in determining the divergent pathways are not yet clear. A future better understanding is in great need for managing the possible oxidation stress caused perinatal carcinogenic side effects of the thymine-containing drug Azidothymidine (AZT), and for future rational design of new anti-virus drugs for covid-19 treatment in case Molnupiravir-mutated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viruses with a high proportion of G-to-A and C-to-T mutations evolves into a new dominant variant. A systematic study of photocatalyzed thymine/thymidine oxidation reactions, hydration of pyrimidines, direct β-alkylation of aldehydes/ketones via photoredox organocatalysis, direct C-H functionalization of indole benzylic sp3 carbon via photocatalysis, and photo-induced sugar transformations via spin-centre shift (SCS) was carried out to evaluate the role of water, ions and functional groups. Non-nucleophilic anions were found to play an essential role in favoring the PCET pathway as an excellent hydrogen bond acceptor. Systematic experimental evidences support a “build-in amine catalysis” of intramolecular PCET via a full-carbon SCS, as a new alternative pathway through one-electron oxidation at thymine. The direction role of carbonyl group of thymine in water wire-mediated proton transfer was also identified. A bioinspired full-carbon SCS mechanism with an assistance of acetate anion in radical migration was proposed for explaining the unique “5πe−carbonyl activation mode” in photoredox organocatalysis. The systematic study also demonstrated that both a biomimetic design of a general one-electron oxidation activation mode named as “Radical Cation Induced Addition (RCIA)” toward catalytic asymmetric hydration, and a biomimetic design of transient-metal-free catalytic C-H functionalization of benzylic sp3 carbon of indoles, would be feasible via a similar one-electron transfer mechanism.
SYNTHESIS OF ZNO DOPED MULTI WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES (MWNTS) FOR DYES DEGRADATION AND WATER PURIFICATION
Authors: N. Abdrashitova Rimma , S. Bozhenkova Galina , A. Ponomarev Andrey , G. Gilya-Zetinov Alexandr , A. Markov Alexandr , D. Zavatsky Michail
Published: January 2024

Using the co-precipitation approach, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) doped with ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully synthesized. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS, UV-visible), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to examine the manufactured photocatalysts. Crystal structure, morphology, optical characteristics, optical bandgap, and elemental analysis are all determined by EDX analysis. The photocatalytic activity of the resulting photocatalysts was assessed by observing the breakdown of methyl orange methylene blue (MB) when exposed to UV and visible light. Different degradation behavior was seen for the ZnO-coated MWNTs, indicating that the MBs can fully mineralize through the post-use self-sensitized degradation process of the coated MWNTs. The created photocatalyst can be used for environmental and water cleaning.
Escherichia coli POLLUTION IN COASTAL LAGOON AND DAM RESERVOIR: REPERCUSSIONS ON PUBLIC HEALTH AND AQUACULTURE
Authors: Najiah Musa , Chowdhury Ahmed Jalal Khan , Nadirah Musa , Lee Kok Leong , Saari Nur Azna , Aznan Alia Syafiqah , Wan Ibrahim Wan Nurhafizah , Manaf Tajuddin Mohammad Abdul , Mat Piah Rumeaida , Muzalina Mustafa Emienour
Published: January 2024

Escherichia coli are rod-shaped gram-negative bacteria naturally present in the lower intestinal tracts of warm-blooded organisms including humans and are often released into the environment through faecal material and wastewater effluent. The presence of E. coli in waters has long been regarded as an indicator for recent faecal contamination, and possible presence of other more harmful enteropathogens. This study examined the total coliform load and occurrence of E. coli to determine the microbial water quality of Merchang Lagoon on Terengganu coast facing the South China Sea, and Raban Lake, part of the Chenderoh Hydroelectric Dam reservoir in the Lenggong Valley, Perak. Water samples were collected from three sites in the lagoon, and two sites in the lake. Total coliform load in water was enumerated by most probable number (MPN) method, and E. coli isolation was carried out using eosin methylene blue (EMB) agar. The results showed greatly varied total coliform counts from site to site in both the lagoon (site 1: 7; site 2: 220; site 3: 920 CFU/100 mL) and lake (site 1: 220; site 2: 1600 CFU/100 mL). All sites showed presence of E. coli. The results suggest faecal pollution, and the impact of water stagnation and human activities on the coliform load. The impacts of faecal pollution on public health and aquaculture in the investigated areas are discussed. Long-term monitoring of faecal pollution constitutes the essential part of environmental conservation and preservation against the risk of waterborne faecal pathogens in recreational and commercial activities.
MANAGING WATER SCARCITY IN AN ERA OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: THE CASE STUDY OF KENYA
Authors: Nyika Joan , Dinka Megersa
Published: January 2024

Kenya is one of the water-scarce nations in the sub-Saharan Africa region that is seeking for alternative water sources to meet the ever-rising demands of the resource for its growing population amidst climate variability. Desalination is one of the viable alternatives since it has no effect on the hydrological cycle. This research discussed the methods used for desalination, the gains, opportunities and challenges that Kenya is facing in adopting this technology. The adopted methodology involved evaluation of pre-existent literature from databases and organizations championing for desalination. Findings showed that membrane and distillation processes are used to purify saline water independently or as hybridized systems in addition to alternatives such as freezing, solar humidification and deionisation. These methods have been implemented in Kenya at varied scale and their expansion is growing with the availability of renewable energy sources including solar, wave and geothermal power with high potential in the country. The sustainability of the desalination processes is however challenged by high implementation costs, high energy consumption and negative environmental effects due to fossil fuel use and production of brine among other wastes. Future prospects should prioritize on using safe and sustainable desalination processes to offset its affiliated costs and negative environmental effects as suggested in this review.
A LONG-TERM ESTIMATION AND MODELING OF DOMESTIC WATER RESOURCES IN THE YARMOUK RIVER BASIN-JORDAN
Authors: W. Shammout Maisa’a , Shatanawi Khaldoun , AL Zamil Mohammed , M. Abualhaija Mahmoud
Published: January 2024

This paper presents an assessment of the supply and demand of domestic water resources in the Yarmouk River Basin-Jordan over a twenty-year period and a long-term estimate of domestic water use for the coming years through 2030. The basin was selected because of water-related problems ranging from management to water scarcity and overpopulation. These problems have increased pressure on the domestic water supply, thus the population’s demand for water far exceeds the water supply from internal wells, necessitating management actions to bridge the gap between domestic supply and demand. The method includes identifying the governorates, wells, cities, villages, and computing the population in the basin governorates. Domestic water demand was assessed on a per capita water basis in 1997 and 2017. An Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model was used to estimate usage behavior. The results showed an increase in the basin population from 0.64 to 1.53 million, more than doubling. Comparing the population demand with the internal water supply showed significant changes, as the increase in water use was remarkably high despite the decline in per capita water. ARIMA estimates a 2% increase in domestic use annually and 15% through 2030, challenging the future of water supplies. Water management actions will address this challenge, such as the inter-basins located outside the Yarmouk Basin, thus resolving supply shortage issues. These findings are important as a baseline for future studies, and can assist stakeholders in taking actions such as reviewing groundwater data, detecting illegal practices, water harvesting, and assessing non-revenue water.
WATER LOSS PREDICTION MODEL FOR PIPE LEAKS IN WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS LAID ON SLOPING TERRAINS
Authors: Jamil Rehan , Abdul Aziz Hamidi , Murshed Mohamad Fared
Published: January 2024

One of the major elements affecting the working of a water distribution network (WDN) is the natural topography of the area on which it is laid, and when such a scenario is coupled with a pipe leak, the results are not known as yet. The effects of a sloping terrain on pressure distribution and transient state due to leakage in pipes are studied in detail in this research by considering three common types of pipe leaks. Significant results are obtained after the hydraulic simulation, and critical points are identified in the WDN. Statistical analysis is performed based on the data obtained through simulation results to develop a model for predicting the amount of flow through a leak in a WDN laid on sloping terrain. The model is found to be dependent on water demand, the pressure of water during the transient state, and the slope of a particular node from the main source of water. The model is validated by comparing the simulated values with the calculated ones and shows a good match. The research proves to be beneficial for better management of water distribution through pipe networks and overcoming water loss through pipe leaks.
EXPLORING THE EMPIRICAL EFFICACY OF PREPAID WATER METERS IN A FAILED STATE, A CASE OF HARARE IN ZIMBABWE
Authors: T.C. Maramura
Published: January 2024

This study espouses the diverging interpretations on the essence and effectiveness of prepaid water meters with households who are explicitly citing that the tools do not effectively strike a balance between social parity and institutional sustainability in a failed state. 271 structured questionnaires were administered to Harare residents in enabling the provision of a measurement of the resident’s perceptions regarding the water metering system metering system and descriptive statistical analysis was used to determine the results. Ten interviews were also conducted with key informants based on their expertise as the service providers. Two focus group discussions with two of the civil water organizations that are crucial catalysts between the Harare City Council and Harare residents were conducted. The findings of this study concluded that the effectiveness of prepaid water meters will only be successful with due reflection on all-encompassing stakeholder engagement and pro-poor approaches for sustainable service provision.
REPRESENTASI SEJARAH DAN BUDAYA MELALUI ARSITEKTUR RUMAH BOERDERIJ BUITENZORG PADA FILM BUMI MANUSIA
Authors: Aliyyah Viana , S. Wijayaputri Caecilia
Published: January 2024

Abstrak - Arsitektur dan Film merupakan dua hal yang berbeda namun saling berkaitan dan membutuhkan satu dengan yang lain. Sebuah produk film tentu tak akan rampung tanpa adanya peran arsitektur sebagai latarnya. Film mewakili ruang dan waktu di mana media ini memiliki sifat spasial yang temporal dari representasi sinematik yang dapat diamati melalui arsitektur hingga karakter dan peristiwa yang digambarkan.

Selain itu, arsitektur pada film mampu menciptakan lingkungan yang membawa audiens menuju suatu periode tertentu. Film berpotensi dalam memberikan penggambaran kehidupan sosial dan budaya masyarakat pada masa tertentu, bahkan hingga bentuk dan gaya arsitektur yang digunakan. Film Bumi Manusia (2019) merupakan adaptasi dari novel legendaris dengan judul sama yang menggunakan latar era kolonial Belanda. Film ini menggunakan ruang dan elemen arsitektur secara sinematik, khususnya pada rumah Boerderij Buitenzorg yang merupakan lokasi yang dominan pada film tersebut. Dengan begitu, Film Bumi Manusia (2019) dapat merepresentasikan sejarah dan budaya melalui arsitektur rumah Boerderij Buitenzorg dan berpotensi dalam mempengaruhi persepsi audiens terhadap periode sejarah.

Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif, yaitu mengambil data pada objek studi secara deskriptif dan dilakukan analisis secara kualitatif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi elemen ruang sinematik pada rumah Boerderij Buitenzorg. Elemen ruang dapat dianalisis dengan teori tektonika ruang sinematik melalui mise-en-scène (cine-spatial) dan sinematografi. Kemudian mengidentifikasi karakteristik arsitektur kolonial Belanda pada elemen spasial dan fasade bangunan. Melalui analisis identifikasi karakteristik arsitektur rumah Boerderij Buitenzorg, elemen spasial maupun fasade bangunan pada rumah ini tidak sepenuhnya merepresentasikan arsitektur pada periode kolonial Belanda. Melalui elemen yang merepresentasi dan tidak merepresentasi arsitektur kolonial Belanda, film Bumi Manusia (2019) sebagai film yang menggambarkan sebuah periode sejarah, dapat merepresentasikan, memanipulasi, serta mengubah persepsi audiens mengenai lingkungan arsitektur di masa kolonial Belanda.

Kata-kata kunci: Sinema dan Arsitektur, Rumah Boerderij Buitenzorg, Film Bumi Manusia (2019), Arsitektur Sinematik, Karakteristik Arsitektur Kolonial Belanda.
PENGARUH ARSITEKTUR ERA MAJAPAHIT PADA PENINGGALAN ARSITEKTUR ISLAM DI BANTEN DITINJAU BERDASARKAN TATA RUANG, SOSOK, DAN ORNAMEN
Authors: Aldo T. Gilbert , Prajudi H. Rahadhian
Published: January 2024

Abstrak - Kesultanan Banten merupakan salah satu titik awal penyebaran Islam di Jawa. Letaknya di Pantai Utara dan hubungannya yang dekat dengan Pasundan serta Cirebon membuka peluang masuknya pengaruh dari berbagai pihak di Banten. Mengingat bahwa Kesultanan Banten (bercorak Islam) berdiri pada era transisi Hindu-Buddha menuju Islam di Jawa, maka ada kemungkinan masih terdapat pengaruh Hindu Buddha khususnya Majapahit sebagai kerajaan besar terakhir yang ada sebelum Islam pada peradaban Banten, terutama secara sosok arsitektur dan tata kota nya. Penelitian ini membahas secara deskriptif kualitatif bagaimana elemen-elemen arsitektur yang ada pada peninggalan arsitektur Islam di Banten dipengaruhi oleh arsitektur era Majapahit dan yang dibawa secara tidak langsung oleh Cirebon. Analisis yang dilakukan adalah berdasarkan tata ruang, sosok, dan ornamen sebagai tolok ukur yang dapat dilihat secara fisik pada peninggalan yang ada. Objek yang ada di Banten akan disejajarkan dengan objek pembanding dari Majapahit, Cirebon, dan juga kompleks Masjid Sendang Duwur. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya pengaruh dari Majapahit yang masih terbaca di Banten. Hal ini menunjukan adanya sinkretisme yang terjadi antara Hindu dengan Islam, Sunda dengan Jawa. Penelitian ini dibatasi pada ada atau tidaknya unsur Majapahit pada arsitektur Banten, sehingga diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk meneliti tafsir makna dan evolusi arsitektur yang terjadi antara sosok dan ornamen, proporsi atribut Majapahit menuju Banten. 

 

Kata Kunci: Transisi, Majapahit, Pengaruh, Arsitektur,  Islam, Banten
Experimental study on partial replacement of cement in concrete by sugarcane bagasse ash
Authors: Gopinath G. , Ashok Kumar S. , Aruna Devi A.
Published: January 2024

The exploratory review aims to research the utilization of sugar bagasse concrete as a partial replacement for conventional concrete to enhance the strength and durability of cement. An experimental study investigates the impact of sugar bagasse concrete on strength. According to the study, the application of sugarcane bagasse ash as a substitute material for cement yielded promising results due to its chemical composition, fineness, and well-controlled incineration process. Although many forms of ash do not exhibit hydraulic or pozzolanic reactivity, they can still be used as inert materials in civil construction. Tests including the slump cone test, compressive test, and tensile strength were conducted on concrete incorporating sugarcane bagasse ash as a cement substitute. The findings indicated that the sugarcane bagasse ash sample possessed physical qualities similar to those of cement. Hence, sugarcane bagasse debris can be used as a partial substitute for cement in concrete. The aim of this initiative is to replace cement with sugar bagasse ash at varying percentages. After a curing period of 7 to 28 days, the strength characteristics will be compared with those of traditional concrete, utilizing the concrete grade in this work. Utilizing sugarcane bagasse instead of regular concrete is expected to reduce costs.
Whatua Mai te Aho: The Role of Museums in the Maintenance of Māori Weaving As a Living Cultural Practice
Authors:   , Tamarapa Awhina
Published: January 2024

Abstract Māori weaving is a taonga tuku iho, a revered cultural practice, that has survived colonisation in Aotearoa New Zealand. Leading practitioners in the twentieth century broke with custom to teach outside their own tribal areas and recuperate the practice while Māori political and cultural leaders were revitalising cultural knowledge and arts. Museums in Aotearoa were involved in some of these initiatives, but failed to support weaving as a living cultural practice, and most collections of Māori weaving remain neglected and disconnected from practitioners, descendant communities and cultural context. This research, therefore, aims to identify key issues that affect Māori weavers as cultural practitioners, in their ability to sustain and teach weaving, and the role of museums as aid or impediment. The problem addressed is the lack of recognition of, and engagement with, weavers as cultural custodians, and the decontextualisation of weaving in museums. This thesis asks: do museums recognise the authority and self-determination of Māori weavers, and act on their potential agency as a decolonising, restorative force for change? This research is situated in Museum and Heritage Studies, draws on Māori and Indigenous studies, and related fields, and focuses on contemporary museum practice. There is a gap in the current literature seen from the perspective of Māori professionals and cultural practitioners. The theoretical framework draws from the work of Kreps, Denzin and Smith. The research design employs a range of methods including interviews, fieldwork, autoethnography, case studies and Kaupapa Māori methodology informed by critical Indigenous pedagogy. It has a practical aim, to explore the potential of Māori weaving as a pedagogy, a form of cultural teaching that can reform museum custodianship. The main findings are that museums are limited in their capability to empower living cultural practices and need a culture change in order to understand their obligations to Māori communities. There is a link between the transformative agency of Indigenous museology and cultural practice as pedagogy that recentres Indigenous knowledge and practice in museums and provides a liberating and socially responsible pathway for meaningful change. Museums must release absolute control to be appropriate custodians of taonga. The conclusion presents a new model of the museum as a whare pora and wānanga, a holistic learning philosophy that enables decolonising practice. This radical approach to cultural reclamation is needed, based on a vision of shared futures, restorative ethics and principles of constitutional transformation.
Migration of foreign bodies of firearms origin
Authors: Lurin I. A. , Khoroshun E. M. , Negoduyko V. V. , Makarov V. V. , Klapchuk Y. V. , Buchneva O. V. , Verevkin I. V. , Salyutin R. V.
Published: January 2024

Objective. To analyse the results of diagnosis and treatment of wounded with gunshot combat trauma, in which foreign body migration was recorded, and to determine their optimal algorithm.
Materials and methods. The data of anamnesis, objective clinical and general clinical and laboratory studies, as well as the results of instrumental diagnostics (radiological, endoscopic, ultrasound examinations) of 67 wounded with blind gunshot wounds of various localisations were analysed. Thoracic, laparoscopic and arthroscopic surgical interventions were performed on a video endoscopic stand, and surgical magnetic instruments were used to diagnose and remove ferromagnetic foreign bodies.
Results. The main directions of foreign body migration are the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, vascular bed, cavities (pleural, abdominal, joints) and soft tissues in case of suppuration. Foreign body fixation occurs in the place of narrowing of an artery or vein, distal parts of the respiratory tract, gentle parts of the pleural or abdominal cavity, in organs with structural features (heart, intestine, joint).
Conclusions. Although the migration of foreign bodies of gunshot origin is rare, it requires appropriate attention and response.
In case of gunshot penetrating wounds of cavities (thoracic, abdominal, large joints), to which foreign bodies may migrate, preference should be given to minimally invasive endoscopic methods of their removal using modern magnetic instruments.