bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Die Urheberin, das All-Eins und die Schultern von Riesen
Authors:   Gastautor
Published: November 2023

Welche Rolle spielt das Urheberrecht in der Wissenschaft? Und wie wichtig ist es, dass die bisher gewonnenen Erkenntnisse, auf denen weitere Forschung aufbauen kann, frei verfügbar sind? Einige Betrachtungen von Nicole Lieger.  Ein Debattenbeitrag im Rahmen der Sendereihe „U-Ton. 
England setzt längere Schutzfristen für Tonaufnahmen um
Authors: Pachali David
Published: November 2023

Aus 50 werden 70 Jahre: Wie „Billboard” berichtet, sind längere Schutzfristen für Tonaufnahmen zum 1. November nun auch in England in Kraft getreten. Die Verlängerung wurde 2011 mit der Richtlinie 2011/77/EU vom Europäischen Parlament beschlossen und wird seitdem in nationales Recht umgesetzt. Die Regelung betrifft nicht die eigentlichen Kompositionen, sondern die Leistungsschutzrechte an konkreten Aufnahmen.
Big Data in der Medizin
Authors: Wragge Alexander
Published: November 2023

In Blutwerten, DNA-Profilen und Fallstudien könnten sich medizinisch nutzbare Erkenntnisse verbergen – wenn man sie im großen Stil erfasst und analysiert. Allerdings wirft „Big Data“ in der Medizin auch Fragen auf – von der Rolle der Ärzte bis zum Datenschutz. Ein Forscherteam am Institute of Technology der University of Ontario überraschte 2010 die Fachwelt mit einer Beobachtung.
Warum Urheber sorgfältig prüfen sollten, ob das Urteil im Vergütungsstreit ihre Situation verbessern kann
Authors: Pfennig Gerhard
Published: November 2023

Im Rechtsstreit darüber, ob die Verwertungsgesellschaft VG Wort einen pauschalen Anteil für Verleger von seinen Tantiemen abziehen darf, hat der Kläger Martin Vogel auch in zweiter Instanz gewonnen. Das rührt an den Fundamenten der VG Wort. Im Gastbeitrag verteidigt Gerhard Pfennig, Sprecher der Initiative Urheberrecht, die gemeinsame Rechtewahrnehmung.  1.  Das Urteil des Oberlandesgerichts München ist nicht rechtskräftig.
Online-Spiel „Glitch“ kommt als Open-Source-Version unter „Creative Commons Zero“ zurück
Authors: Steinhau Henry
Published: November 2023

Ende 2012 nahm die Firma Tiny Speck ihr Multiplayer-Online-Spiel „Glitch“ vom Netz – nun kehrt es als Open-Source-Version zurück. „Glitch“ ging Ende 2011 an den Start. Das von mehreren Spielern gleichzeitig spielbare, sprich Massively-Multiplayer-Online-Game (MMO) aus dem Fantasy-Genre konnte in zwölf Monaten etwa 150.000 Nutzer gewinnen.
EU-Parlament stimmt für Datenschutzverordnung, Urteil zu Tracking, Feinde des Internets
Authors:   telemedicus.info
Published: November 2023

Der Entwurf für die Datenschutz-Grundverordnung nimmt den Weg durchs EU-Parlament, Richter in Frankfurt sehen weitreichende Hinweispflichten beim Webtracking, NSA und GCHQ gehören jetzt zu den „Feinden des Internets“. Außerdem im Wochenrückblick: NSA-Untersuchungs­auschuss, Datenhehlerei, Störerhaftung beim WLAN und Meldepflicht für Cyberangriffe.
BGH zur Elternhaftung bei Filesharing, Justizministerium zu Streaming, BVMI-Boykottaufruf
Authors:   telemedicus.info
Published: November 2023

Eltern haften grundsätzlich nicht für Filesharing volljähriger Kinder, das Justizministerium sieht Streaming-Konsum nicht als Urheberrechtsverletzung, der BGH bejaht Haftung für fremde, aber selbst online gestellte Inhalte. Außerdem im Wochenrückblick: Urteil gegen Boykott-Aufruf der Musikindustrie, Einspruch per Mail, Gameforge-Urteil und Überwachungsstaat.
Geistiges Eigentum ist eben auch ein Eigentum
Authors:   Gastautor
Published: November 2023

Die österreichische Filmemacherin Zuzana Brejcha erklärt, weshalb sie den Slogan „Sharing is caring“ zynisch findet.  Ein Debattenbeitrag im Rahmen der Sendereihe „U-Ton. Urheberrecht im Digitalen Zeitalter“.  „Sharing is caring“ hörte ich bei einem Symposium über Urheberrecht. Als Urheberin stelle ich also alles zur Verfügung – „sharing“ – und wenn es der Konsumentin gefällt, schickt sie mir dafür etwas – das ist dann „caring“? Wie?
Auch Regierung will mit Vorratsdaten warten, Redtube-Gutachten, Obama-Rede
Authors:   telemedicus.info
Published: November 2023

Nach dem Justizminister will nun auch die Bundesregierung mit Vorratsdaten vorerst warten, ein jetzt veröffentlichtes Gutachten zu den Redtube-Abmahnungen bringt keine Erkenntnisse, US-Präsident Obama hat Änderungen in Details zu den US-Geheimdiensten angekündigt. Außerdem im Wochenrückblick: Stiftung Warentest, Kiss-and-Tell-Journalismus, Pay-TV-Verträge.
Google vs. Verbraucherschützer: Kleingedrucktes bleibt vorerst beharrlich
Authors: Pachali David
Published: November 2023

25 Klauseln in Googles Nutzungsbedingungen und Datenschutzerklärung hat das Landgericht Berlin für unzulässig erklärt. Was steht darin und was folgt jetzt daraus? Vor zwei Wochen hat das Landgericht Berlin auf eine Klage des Verbraucherzentrale Bundesverbands eine ganze Reihe von Klauseln in den Nutzungsbedingungen und der Datenschutzerklärung von Google für unzulässig erklärt.
Neue AGB: Google-Nutzer machen soziale Reklame
Authors: Pachali David
Published: November 2023

Was bei Facebook schon länger üblich ist, führt auch Google jetzt ein: soziale Reklame. Heute treten dafür neue Nutzungsbedingungen in Kraft. Während die sogenannten „sozialen Empfehlungen“ automatisch aktiviert sind, müssen Nutzer Anzeigen mit diesen erst zustimmen. Wer ein Google-Plus-Profil besitzt und damit zum Beispiel ein Restaurant bewertet, kann bei den Diensten des Unternehmens nun auch zum Werbeträger werden.
Vorratsdaten-Richtlinie laut EuGH-Generalanwalt grundrechtswidrig, Internet im Kabinett, Redtube-Abmahnungen
Authors:   telemedicus.info
Published: November 2023

EuGH-Generalanwalt Pedro Cruz Villalón sieht die Vorratsdaten-Richtlinie im Widerspruch zu Grundrechten, das neue Verkehrsministerium wird auch „digitale Infrastruktur“ bearbeiten, neue Details zu Streaming-Abmahnungen. Außerdem im Wochenrückblick: Schaar-Nachfolge, Google-Kartellstreit, Bitcoins, Skype-Übernahme und Nötigung durch Mahnschreiben.
Storytelling im Netz: Das Jahr eins nach Snow Fall
Authors: Schächtele Kai
Published: November 2023

Für Geschichtenerzähler begann das Jahr bereits am 20. Dezember 2012 in den USA: An diesem Tag stellte die New York Times „Snow Fall – The Avalanche at Tunnel Creek“ online. Ein Meilenstein, der zum Vorbild wurde. In Deutschland sind Verlage nur in Ausnahmefällen bereit, in neues Storytelling zu investieren.
Abmahnungen für Redtube-Streams, VG Wort und LSR, Jdownloader-Urteil
Authors:   telemedicus.info
Published: November 2023

Porno-Streaming-Nutzer erhalten fragwürdige Abmahnungen,  auch die Verwertungsgesellschaft Wort will das Leistungsschutzrecht wahrnehmen, der Geschäftsführer der „Jdownloader”-Firma haftet für Urheberrechtsverletzungen. Außerdem im Wochenrückblick: Vorratsdaten, Datenschutz-Grundverordnung, Springer und Funke, Schengen-Routing, Botnet „Pony” und mehr.
Streaming-Abmahnungen: Ungeklärte Fragen, Trittbrettfahrer mit Schadprogrammen (Update)
Authors: Pachali David
Published: November 2023

Viele Internetnutzer haben Abmahnungen bekommen, weil sie Porno-Streams bei Redtube. com aufgerufen haben sollen und dabei angeblich Urheberrechte verletzt haben. Wie es zu den Abmahnungen gekommen ist, ist immer noch nicht ausreichend beantwortet. Im Windschatten versuchen Spammer, Schadsoftware zu verbreiten.
Seda Gürses: Bei der Privatsphäre darf es keine Zweiklassengesellschaft geben
Authors: Djordjevic Valie
Published: November 2023

Technologien wie Tor und Verschlüsselung für Mails bleiben trotz der Angriffe der NSA darauf wichtige taktische Werkzeuge, sagt die Informatikerin und Privacy-Expertin Seda Gürses im iRights.info-Interview. Es komme aber darauf an, dass die Technologien nicht nur für einige, sondern für alle Nutzer zugänglich werden.
U-Ton – Meinungen zum Urheberrecht aus Österreich
Authors: iRights.info Redaktion
Published: November 2023

Auch in Österreich reden Urheber, Verwerter und Nutzer über das Urheberrecht in der digitalen Welt – ähnlich leidenschaftlich wie in Deutschland. In der Radiosendung „U-Ton – Urheberrecht in der digitalen Welt“ befragt Kulturhistoriker Joachim Losehand die Betroffenen zu ihrer Meinung. iRights.info dokumentiert die Beiträge.
Filesharing: Ein Jahrzehnt der Zahlenakrobatik
Authors: Pachali David
Published: November 2023

Kaum ein paar Monate vergehen, ohne dass eine neue Studie oder ein neuer Bericht über die ökonomischen Auswirkungen von Filesharing erscheint. Die Ergebnisse fallen unterschiedlich aus – so oder so aber zeigen sie, wie stark die Rechteindustrie ihre Fragen in der Debatte verankern konnte.
Analysten-Bewertungen: Piraterie für urheberrechts-intensive Konzerne keine ernste Gefahr
Authors: Steinhau Henry
Published: November 2023

Den Bewertungen US-amerikanischer Unternehmens-Analysten zufolge stellen Urheberrechtsverletzungen und Piraterie für große, urheberrechts-intensive Konzerne keine ernste Gefahr dar. Zu diesem Schluss jedenfalls kommen Jonathan Band and Jonathan Gerafi von der Kanzlei „Policybandwidth”, nachdem sie systematisch 168 Analysten-Reports durchleuchteten, worüber sie jetzt auf infojustice.org informieren.
Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Self-Medication during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of academic personals from Lahore
Authors: Maroof Hajra , Anees Sehla Kausar , Sarfraz Maryam , Sultan Ayesha , Muslim Darakhshan , Raza Syed Muhammad Muslim
Published: November 2023

Healthcare systems were significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, which encouraged extensive use of self-medication techniques. Self-medication is the use of medicines to treat self-recognized illness or symptoms without the doctor’s prescription. The goal of this study was to fill up the knowledge gap and to determine the prevalence and influencing aspects of self-medication during the COVID-19 and offer suggestions to encourage safe and responsible medication practices, the sorts of drugs that are often used, and the motivations for self-medication during the pandemic in Lahore. 100 respondents in Lahore including students and faculties from different universities with different academic backgrounds were surveyed through simple random sampling using a structured questionnaire which was shared via social media. Using the right statistical techniques, qualitative data gathered from the surveys was examined. Descriptive statistics and inferential techniques, such as chi-square tests, were used to evaluate the data. The findings showed that bodily aches/pains and fever were the most often self-medicated symptoms. The most popular medications for self-medication were painkillers. The main factors that led people to choose self-medication were the accessibility of healthcare services and fear of contracting COVID-19 in healthcare settings. Although the internet and social media were often used to research options for self-medication. Some responders reported negative side effects and consequences from self-medication. In conclusion, this study advances our knowledge of Lahore's COVID-19 pandemic's self-medication practices. The results also highlight the significance of encouraging appropriate self-medication behaviors and making sure that people have access to trustworthy information to protect the public's health in times of medical crisis. These findings may be used by policymakers, healthcare professionals, and public health authorities to create specialized treatments and educational programs that will encourage community members to self-medicate safely and intelligently.
Political Comics: An Emerging Trend in Social Media and Its Impact on Youth
Authors: Sadiq Saba , Saleem Nadia , Farrukh Muhammad , Muslim Darakhshan
Published: November 2023

Youth of today is greatly influenced by different social media platforms e.g., Facebook, Instagram, Twitter or X etc. These social media platforms offer them enormous opportunities to explore and learn new concepts and practices. This research aimed to study the emerging trend of political comics on different social media platforms and how it impacts the youth in Pakistan.  This study is composed of survey analysis. This study was survey research, in which a close-ended questionnaire was used to collect the data from a sample of 120 undergraduate students of Lahore district including an equal number of male and female. The study explored that political comics have some hidden meanings that have strong psychological impacts on young social media users. T-test analysis shows that political comics have both positive and negative impacts. This research concludes that nationalism and trust on state machinery is strongly damaged if its political leaders have a negative image among youth. This may lead to more political polarization among youth. This study also explores that social media plays a healthy role in political awareness with a strong and extensive impact.
Macroeconomic Determinants of the Term Structure of Sovereign Credit Default Swap (CDS) Spread: Insights from MIDAS Regression
Authors: Khan Arshad , Raza Naveed
Published: November 2023

When investors seek to diversify their investment portfolios across countries to maximize returns, they also expose themselves to additional risks, including the risk of sovereign defaults, which is a growing concern for investors in many countries worldwide. To better understand the factors critical to sovereign defaults, this study aims to investigate the impact of both country-specific and global factors on the term structure of Sovereign Credit Default Swap (CDS) Spreads, which acts as gauges for the extent of risk and vulnerability to credit defaults. Moreover, quarterly and monthly data from ten Eurozone countries, spanning from 2007 to 2022, is used and the MIDAS regression approach is applied. The empirical findings indicate that country-specific and global variables significantly impact sovereign risk, as measured by the term structure of sovereign CDS Spreads. However, the effect varies among the countries, possibly due to differing economic fundamentals and trade relationships with other countries. Among the country-specific variables, Local stock market returns, Forex Rate, and Debt-to-GDP ratio emerge as the most influential indicators. At the same time, impact of Changes in Reserve and Terms of Trade is less. U.S. Stock Return holds more influence among the global factors than U.S. Variance Risk Premium and U.S. Long-Term Yield. The study's outcomes have implications for investors, policymakers, and regulators.
ДО ПИТАННЯ ПРО ХАРАКТЕР ІНТЕРКУЛЬТУРНОЇ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ НАСЕЛЕННЯ ДОНБАСУ ТА ВІЙСЬКОВОСЛУЖБОВЦІВ ВЕРМАХТУ (1941–1943 рр.)
Authors: Титаренко Д. М.
Published: November 2023

У роботі розглядаються особливості інтеркультурної взаємодії військовослужбовців вермахту і населення Донбасу в 1941–1943 рр. Надано характеристику головних стереотипів, що існували до окупації, факторів формування та еволюції уявлень один про одного.
НАПРЯМИ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ О. О. БОБРИНСЬКОГО НА ПОСАДІ ПРОВОДИРЯ ПЕТЕРБУРЗЬКОГО ДВОРЯНСТВА (1875–1898 рр.)
Authors: Чернікова Н. С.
Published: November 2023

У статті розглянуто проблеми суспільно-політичного становища помісного дворянства пореформеного періоду в Росії (70–90-ті рр. ХІХ ст.) крізь призму діяльності графа О. О. Бобринського на посаді проводиря петербурзького дворянства. Визначено ідеологічні орієнтації графа у пошуках шляхів збереження панівного становища вищого стану в соціальній та політичній структурі Російської імперії. Проаналізовано напрями діяльності О. О. Бобринського з метою консолідації помісного дворянства та активного залучення його представників до роботи державного механізму Російської імперії
ПЕРЕДУМОВИ БУДІВНИЦТВА І ПЕРШІ РОКИ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ЗАЛІЗНИЦЬ У ЗАГАЛЬНОМУ НАПРЯМІ РУТЧЕНКОВЕ – ПОКРОВСЬК
Authors: Белицький П. В. , Водолазський О. О.
Published: November 2023

Розкрито питання розвитку видобувної промисловості західної частини Донецького краю як основної першопричини будівництва магістральних залізниць і під’їзних колій у загальному напрямі Рутченкове – Покровськ Донецької залізниці. Надано інформацію про перші 25 років функціонування зазначених залізниць, у тому числі порушено питання про дискусію щодо можливого демонтажу частини залізниці Рутченкове – Гришине (Покровськ) в першій половині 20-х років ХХ століття.
МАЄТНОСТІ ІЛОВАЙСЬКИХ ЗА ОПИСАМИ ЗЕМЕЛЬНИХ БАНКІВ
Authors: Темірова Н. Р.
Published: November 2023

Стаття присвячена аналізу інформаційних можливостей документів земельних банків. З огляду на це показано специфіку діяльності банків, описано характер документів, що дозволяє достатньо високо оцінити ступінь їх достовірності. Автор доходить висновку, що цей документальний масив доречно використовувати під час дослідження соціально-економічних проблем: історії дворянського землеволодіння та поміщицького господарства, історії регіонів і окремих населених пунктів України, зокрема історії Донецького регіону. Однотипність програм, за якими виконано оціночні описи маєтків, дозволяє застосувати до цих документів математичні методи.
ПОСТАТЬ ВАСИЛЯ СПЕСИВЦЕВА У ВИВЧЕННІ ДОНЕЦЬОГО КРАЮ
Authors: Безмен М. Г.
Published: November 2023

Стаття присвячена Василю Спесивцеву – священнослужителю, який у вільний час займався археологічними дослідженнями територій Харківської губернії. Стаття відображає життєвий шлях церковнослужителя, який через глибоку любов до рідного краю не занурився в «позаземне» (духовне) життя. Завдяки Спесивцеву в наукової спільноти Російської імперії виник інтерес до вивчення Подінців’я. Ключові слова: археологія, біографістика, православ’я, Подінців’я, спадщина, краєзнавство, кам’яна доба, епоха перших металів, історичні дослідження.
РОЛЬ ВЕДИЙСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ МИРЕ
Authors: Кадыркулова А. С.
Published: November 2023

В статье обосновывается фундаментальное значение роли ведийской культуры в современное время. Так, согласно нашему субъективному убеждению, богатое наследие ведийской культуры обладает огромным потенциалом оказать своё значительное влияние на современный мир, в частности на международные отношения. Обосновывая ценность Вед, намиподтверждаются фундаментальные достижения индийцев в развитии разнообразных сфер науки. Сохранены четыре Веды: Ригведа, Самаведа, Яджурведа, Атхарва-веда. Упорядочение мирового процесса упоминается в Ригведе. Индийский эпос "Махабхарата" содержит правовые положения миролюбивых идей. Ведическая цивилизация не носит разрушительный характер, тогда как сказать подобное о современной цивилизации представляется сложным. Именно поэтому в Ведах нынешнее время характеризуется как мрачный период Кали Юги. 180Ключевые слова: ведийская культура, Веды, ведическая цивилизация, ведантизм, индийский эпос "Махабхарата", жизненный успех и признание, божественные писания древних священных произведений индуизма, Мировая душа.
ВІКОВИЙ СКЛАД УРЯДНИКІВ АЗОВСЬКОГО КОЗАЦЬКОГО ВІЙСЬКА ПІД ЧАС КРИМСЬКОЇ ВІЙНИ (ЗА РЕЄСТРОМ 1855 р.)
Authors: Задунайський В. В.
Published: November 2023

У статті аналізується віковий склад урядників Азовського козацького війська під час Кримської війни 1853–1856 рр. Використано реєстр урядників за грудень 1855 р. Урядників було 109, що становило 6% від загалу воїнів. Вік урядників коливався від 18 – до 61 року. Майже половину становили воїни у віці від 21 – до 30 років. Найбільший військовий досвід мали урядники, яким було понад 30 років. Загрози війни призвели до максимальної мобілізації козаків, урядників і офіцерів Азовського козацького війська. Ключові слова: Азовське козацьке військо, Кримська війна 1853–1856 рр., урядники, козаки, офіцери, бойовий досвід.
КЛЕЙМА В КИРПИЧНОМ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ г. БАХМУТА
Authors: Соколовський Г. С.
Published: November 2023

Статья посвящена малоизвестному производителю кирпича в городе 102Бахмуте В.П. Полянскому, а также исследованию взятых на экспертизу фрагментов кирпичей из провала возле ГЦКиД им. Е. Мартынова. Ключевые слова: кирпичное производство, Бахмут, историяпромышленности, клеймо.
ЗАСНУВАННЯ ТА ЗАСЕЛЕННЯ МІСТА СНІЖНЕ ДОНЕЦЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ: ПИТАННЯ ДО ВИВЧЕННЯ
Authors: Бривко М. В.
Published: November 2023

У дослідженні зроблено спробу дати відповідь на одне з найбільш дискусійних питань історії міста Сніжне Донецької області – визначення точної дати його заснування та заселення. Вивчені джерела й дані дають можливість визначити, що документальна фіксація постійного заселення майбутнього міста 21переважно українськими селянами відбувалась щонайменше на початку XVIII ст., водночас як офіційне заснування міста датується пізнішою датою, а саме 1784 роком, коли було отримано дозволи на створення постоялих дворів на його території
BAKHMUT IN THE FATE OF FINE LITERARY STYLISTS (a college teacher’s notes to the literary history of the region)
Authors: Касьяненко Є.О.
Published: November 2023

The article emphasizes the need to involve the local history materials in literature classes, which will help young people to get acquainted in more detail with the work of fellow writers. The author studies the history of the magazine Zaboy as the most influential publishing body of Donbas in the 1920s and recollects the names of poets and writers connected with the history of Bakhmut.
Զորքերի կառավարման արդիական եղանակը և ԶՈՒ-երում դրա ներդրման խոչընդոտները / THE MODERN WAY OF COMMAND AND CONTROL AND OBSTACLES TO ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN THE ARMED FORCES
Authors: Hayrapetyan A. V.
Published: November 2023

The combat power and any other potential capabilities of the armed forces can only be fulfilled if applied good governance.
As known, in modern armies the control is carried out mainly in two ways – by means of detailed (linear) command, and mission command.
The detailed command is reduced to micro control, when the subordinates receive through the scale of rank detailed instruction on the way of executing assigned missions.
When commanding takes the second type (directive command, or command principle on the basis of giving freedom in accomplishing the task), the senior commander (leader) assigns the objective, the forces and assets available to complete the task, as well as the limit within which the subordinate leader can act independently (make separate decisions and accomplish them), while the frames are determined by the commanders intent.
Mission command requires the subordinate leader to have an organizational mindset, which should penetrate into all spheres of the formation’s activity. At the same time, the implementation of such system requires capable, adaptive and agile military leaders at each command level. In army, such concept bases upon three main notions, applied by
commanders during warfighting (combat operations) to overcome the occurring obstacles; these are the Philosophy, Warfighting Function and Accomplishment.
The implementation of such type of control in the armed forces may encounter some obstacles, such as, for instance, mediated liaison between seniors and subordinates, this resulting in failure of devolution to the subordinate units; a complex concerning unconditional like-mindedness with higher commanders and the atmosphere of following exclusively their instructions, this excluding pluralism of opinions in the group
(organization); bureaucratic formal-administrational thinking and uncertainty-based risks, lack of mutual trust between the commander and their subordinate personnel; insufficient educational and scientific level.
One could argue that the mission command principle is a philosophic (logical) agreement between the commander and subordinates, which is based upon mutual trust and mutual understanding. Such relations require on behalf of the commander a clear and unambiguous control and at the same time granting the subordinates as more freedom of action as possible when completing assigned tasks.
With a reference to the outcomes of the study of the international practices in implementing this way of control, the author has reached the conclusion that a stepwise model of its implementation is needed.
ALMANACH. Filologia Polska. Roczniki Naukowe Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego. 2023 (5)
Authors:   Uniwersytet Zielonogórski, Szott Mirosława , Sztyber Radosław ,   Uniwersytet Zielonogórski
Published: November 2023

BARBARA WAUBEN-CZEKALSKA, „CHABROWA ODYSEJA” [materiał nadesłano do konkursu Debiut Pro Libris, 2023].
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFEC OF WORKING CAPITAL TURNOVER AND RECEIVABLES TURNOVER ON PROFITABILITY IN MANUFACTURING COMPANISE IN THE MINING SECTOR IN THE OIL AND GAS SUB -SECTOR AT IDX
Authors: Taufiq Muhammad Taufiq , Makmur Mariam , Salida Amrizal
Published: November 2023

This study intends to ascertain if the working capital and accounts receivable turnover affect the manufacturing enterprises' profitability in the mining sector, a subsector of the oil and gas industry, partially or concurrently in 2018-2022 BEI. Purposive sampling was used to get this data from secondary sources, including the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) website and other pertinent links. Ten companies are populating that are listed on the Stock Exchange. In comparison, a sample of 6 companies listed there has had their traditional presumptions, analytical techniques, and hypotheses examined through data analysis methodology utilizing regression methods. Because the test findings were negative and insignificant, the results indicated that the idea was rejected. This suggests no negative impact on profitability (ROA) from the working capital turnover.
A π‐Conjugated Porphyrin Complex as Cathode Material Allows Fast and Stable Energy Storage in Calcium Batteries
Authors: Smok Thomas , Shakouri Shirin , Abouzari‐Lotf Ebrahim , Pammer Frank , Diemant Thomas , Jana Saibal , Roy Ananyo , Xiu Yanlei , Klyatskaya Svetlana , Ruben Mario , Zhao‐Karger Zhirong , Fichtner Maximilian
Published: November 2023

Invited for this month's cover is the group of Maximilian Fichtner. The cover picture shows the speed and long lasting cycle life of porphyrin‐calcium batteries. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/batt.202300308.
D‐A* Co‐polymerization Realizing Chiral Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Polymers for Highly Efficient Circularly Polarized Polymer Light‐emitting Diodes
Authors: Teng Jin‐Ming , Chen Chuan‐Feng
Published: November 2023

Circularly polarized electroluminescence (CPEL) from polymers with thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) properties has been rapidly developed in recent years. So far, the designing strategies of such chiral TADF‐active polymers are still limited. In this work, a new strategy of D−A* co‐polymerization was proposed and two chiral polymers R‐pSACODP and S‐pSACODP were synthesized. The circularly polarized polymer light‐emitting diode (CP‐PLED) devices fabricated with R‐pSACODP and S‐pSACODP achieved comparable performances with maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 12.0 % and 11.7 % at the wavelength of 581 nm, respectively. Moreover, mirror‐imaged CPEL signals were also detected with electroluminescence dissymmetry factors (gEL) of −1.1×10−3 and +1.3×10−3 from the corresponding CP‐PLED devices, respectively. The results in this work effectively extend the designing strategies for the achievement of CPEL from chiral TADF‐active polymers.
Mental health treatment stigma, maladaptive personality trait domains, and treatment‐seeking attitudes and behaviors
Authors: Onyeukwu Ugochinyere N. , Donahue John J.
Published: November 2023

Objectives

A barrier to seeking mental health care is treatment stigma, a form of stigma associated with seeking/receiving mental health treatment. Prior research has also demonstrated relationships between five‐factor model personality traits and treatment‐seeking attitudes. However, findings in this area are mixed and research has tended not to include assessments of maladaptive personality traits outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders–Fifth Edition Section III: Emerging Measures and Models. The present study sought to examine relationships between maladaptive personality traits, treatment stigma, and treatment‐seeking attitudes and behavior in an adult sample.

Methods

Participants (N = 500) completed a series of questionnaires assessing current and past mental health treatment‐seeking behaviors, treatment stigma, attitudes toward treatment seeking, and maldaptive personality traits.

Results

Results revealed all five maladaptive personality traits were positively associated with increased treatment stigma, and in models controlling for the shared variance across maladaptive personality traits, negative affect, antagonism, psychoticism, and stigma exhibited unique associations with one's perceived value and need of mental health treatment, whereas negative affect, detachment, and stigma were uniquely associated with openness to seeking mental health treatment for emotional problems. While the five maladaptive personality traits were associated with a history of treatment‐seeking behaviors at the bivariate level and after controlling for stigma, only negative affect was uniquely associated with treatment‐seeking behaviors in a model including all five personality trait domains. Exploratory moderation analyses revealed associations between stigma and openness to seeking treatment varied as a function of maladaptive personality traits.

Conclusions

This study extends prior research on the role of personality traits in understanding treatment‐seeking attitudes and behaviors and may have clinical implications for the use of maladaptive personality trait screeners in practice.
Population PK/PD modeling of low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol response in hypercholesterolemic participants following administration of bococizumab, a potent anti‐PCSK9 monoclonal antibody
Authors: Wang Ellen Q. , Kaila Nitin , Plowchalk David , Gibiansky Leonid , Yunis Carla , Sweeney Kevin
Published: November 2023

We sought to characterize the population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) relationship of bococizumab (RN316/PF‐04950615), a humanized IgG2Δa monoclonal antibody that binds to secreted human proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9), using data derived from 16 phase I, II, and III clinical studies (36,066 bococizumab observations, 46,790 low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL‐C] measurements, 3499 participants). A two‐compartment disposition model with parallel linear and Michaelis–Menten elimination and an indirect response model was used to characterize the population PK and LDL‐C response of bococizumab. Potential model parameters and covariate relationships were explored, and visual predictive checks were used for model assessment and validation. Key covariates included the effect of anti‐drug antibodies (ADAs) on exposure through impact on clearance and bioavailability; impact of statins on bococizumab elimination (maximal rate of metabolism); and impact of statins, Asian race, and male sex on LDL‐C efficacy (maximum effect). ADAs and neutralizing ADAs did not have additional effects on LDL‐C beyond the influence on bococizumab exposure. In conclusion, the population PK/PD model adequately describes bococizumab concentration and LDL‐C efficacy. The covariate effects are consistent with the presumed mechanism of action of PCSK9 inhibitors. With increasing availability of antibody‐based therapeutics, improved understanding of the effect of ADAs and statins on bococizumab PK/PD adds to the literature and enhances our pharmacological understanding of how immunogenicity and concomitant medications may impact the PK/PD of biotherapeutics.
In Situ TEM Observation of (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni)3O4 High‐Entropy Spinel Oxide Formation During Calcination at Atomic Scale
Authors: Yeh Yu‐Tzu , Huang Chun‐Wei , Hou An‐Yuan , Huang Chih‐Yang , Lin Yi‐Dong , Wu Wen‐Wei
Published: November 2023

High‐entropy oxides (HEOs) are promising anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), owing to their stable crystal structure, superionic conductivity, and high capacity. In this study, the (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni)3O4 HEO via solid‐state reaction is prepared. To improve the synthetic efficiency, it is necessary to understand the formation mechanism. Therefore, a high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) is used to record information during calcination at increasing temperature. The overall formation process included MnO2 and NiO aggregation at 500 °C, followed by (Mn, and Ni)3O4 combined with Co3O4 at 600 °C to form (Mn, Co, and Ni)3O4. At higher temperatures, Fe2O3 and Cr2O3 sequentially combined with (Mn, Co, and Ni)3O4 and formed the (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni)3O4 at 900 °C. In addition, the valence‐state‐changing mechanisms and ion arrangements of (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni)3O4 are determined using electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and extended X‐ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS). This study successfully revealed the formation of HEO at atomic scale. The results provide valuable insights for improving the manufacturing process of (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni)3O4 HEOs, which is expected to play a vital role in the development of anode materials for next‐generation LIBs.
Recent Advances in Cardiac Magnetic Resonance for Imaging of Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Wang Xu , Pu Jun
Published: November 2023

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the primary causes of death worldwide, with a high incidence and mortality rate. Assessment of the infarcted and surviving myocardium, along with microvascular obstruction, is crucial for risk stratification, treatment, and prognosis in patients with AMI. Nonionizing radiation, excellent soft tissue contrast resolution, a large field of view, and multiplane imaging make cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) a “one‐stop” method for assessing cardiac structure, function, perfusion, and metabolism. Hence, this imaging technology is considered the “gold standard” for evaluating myocardial function and viability in AMI. This review critically compares the advantages and disadvantages of CMR with other cardiac imaging technologies, and relates the imaging findings to the underlying pathophysiological processes in AMI. A more thorough understanding of CMR technology will clarify their advanced clinical diagnosis and prognostic assessment applications, and assess the future approaches and challenges of CMR in the setting of AMI.
Carbon efficient production of chemicals with yeasts
Authors: Vásquez Castro Evelyn , Memari Golnaz , Ata Özge , Mattanovich Diethard
Published: November 2023

Microbial metabolism offers a wide variety of opportunities to produce chemicals from renewable resources. Employing such processes of industrial biotechnology provides valuable means to fight climate change by replacing fossil feedstocks by renewable substrate to reduce or even revert carbon emission. Several yeast species are well suited chassis organisms for this purpose, illustrated by the fact that the still largest microbial production of a chemical, namely bioethanol is based on yeast. Although production of ethanol and some other chemicals is highly efficient, this is not the case for many desired bulk chemicals. One reason for low efficiency is carbon loss, which decreases the product yield and increases the share of total production costs that is taken by substrate costs. Here we discuss the causes for carbon loss in metabolic processes, approaches to avoid carbon loss, as well as opportunities to incorporate carbon from CO2, based on the electron balance of pathways. These aspects of carbon efficiency are illustrated for the production of succinic acid from a diversity of substrates using different pathways.
QED effects in inclusive semi-leptonic B decays
Authors: Bigi Dante , Bordone Marzia , Gambino Paolo , Haisch Ulrich , Piccione Andrea
Published: November 2023

Abstract

We analyse in detail the QED corrections to the total decay width and the moments of the electron energy spectrum of the inclusive semi-leptonic B → Xceν decay. Our calculation includes short-distance electroweak corrections, the complete 𝒪(α) partonic terms and leading-logarithmic QED effects up to $$ \mathcal{O}\left({\Lambda}_{\textrm{QCD}}^3/{m}_b^3\right) $$
O

Λ
QCD
3

/

m
b
3

. A comprehensive numerical comparison of our results against those obtained with the Monte Carlo (MC) tool PHOTOS is presented. While the comparison indicates good overall agreement, our computation contains QED effects not included in PHOTOS and should therefore better describe photon radiation to B → Xceν as measured by the B-factories. Our calculations represent the first steps in the construction of a fully differential higher-order QED MC generator for inclusive semi-leptonic B decays.
Factors associated with urinary retention after vaginal delivery under intraspinal anesthesia: a path analysis model
Authors: Ren Hong-yan , Zhang Huan-fang , Chen Yu-yi , Luo Tai-zhen
Published: November 2023

Introduction and hypothesis

Women who have intraspinal anesthesia for delivery are more likely to experience postpartum urinary retention (PUR), which, if not recognized and treated promptly, can result in long-term urinary dysfunction. Many factors influencing PUR have been proposed, but no study has been conducted to investigate the relationship between them. This study is aimed at determining the influencing factors of PUR and to explore the relationship between them.

Methods

A prospective, cross-sectional survey using self-made questionnaires was conducted among 372 puerperae in a Grade A hospital in Guangzhou, China, from April to September 2022. SPSS25.0 and AMOS24.0 were used for data analysis, and a path analysis model was established to determine the relationship between the influencing factors.

Results

The incidence of PUR was 49.85%. Residence, the level of postpartum pain, and the change of postnatal urination position had a direct effect on PUR. Episiotomy and analgesic duration have both direct and indirect effects on PUR. Forceps delivery, perineal edema and oxytocin had an indirect effect on PUR. Variables could influence the occurrence of PUR by mediating the analgesic duration, episiotomy, postpartum pain level, and postnatal urination position changes.

Conclusions

This study provides an empirical model to illustrate the relationship between PUR and related factors in women who delivered under intraspinal anesthesia. In future management, more attention should be paid to women who live in cities, have higher levels of postpartum pain, longer analgesic duration, higher grade of perineal edema, and received episiotomy, forceps delivery, and oxytocin during labor.
Introduction to informatics in a Peruvian penitentiary using cs unplugged: from university to penitentiary
Authors: Díaz-León Jose Alfredo , Arbelaitz Olatz , Arruarte Ana
Published: November 2023

Within the field of social reintegration and re-education, this paper presents an educational experience carried out at the Iquitos Penitentiary Center, Lima, Peru, with the aim of providing an introduction to informatics to 25 inmates who volunteered to take part in the project. Twenty students and a teacher from the Scientific University of the South also in Peru, were responsible for initiating the transmission of knowledge from the university to inmates, with the collaboration and participation of the penitentiary coordinator. The main objectives of the case study were to validate both the suitability of the CS unplugged proposal and the adaptability of the L2T2L pedagogic strategy to the transmission of knowledge to adults, specifically penitentiary inmates. This strategy had been originally designed to transmit informatics knowledge from university to primary school. The validity and effectiveness of the experience was assessed using surveys. Results confirm that inmates achieved a good level of understanding when endeavoring to resolve most of the CS unplugged assignments designed for them. It was also seen that L2T2L is adaptable and valid for different scenarios other than those for which it was initially designed. Indeed, it was proven to be valid for transmitting knowledge to the prison population. Finally, it should be pointed out that the experience is easily replicable and that it brings an opportunity to introduce informatics into education programs in prisons, something which can contribute enormously to social reintegration and re-education, facilitating the subsequent reentry of inmates into the community once their period of imprisonment has ended.
Right or left-handed: are locomotion type, body size, and microhabitat related to forelimb laterality in anurans?
Authors: Rojas-Montoya Maribel , Vargas-Salinas Fernando
Published: November 2023

Laterality, the tendency of animals to use the structures on one side of the body more frequently or efficiently than the other side, can reflect the evolutionary history of species, their ecological characteristics, and cognitive abilities. Using anurans as a model system, it has been hypothesized that the strength of laterality (measured as the percentage of right-handed individuals) is higher in terrestrial and arboreal species, which exhibit asynchronous locomotion type (e.g., walking, climbing), than in aquatic species where synchronous locomotion type (e.g., swimming) predominates. We tested these predictions, including body size as an additional factor, in 19 Neotropical anuran species. For this, we obtained data on forelimb use preference for individuals of such species. We then combined these data with published data for another 14 anuran species obtained through a systematic review of the literature. The combined dataset was used to perform a phylogenetic comparative analysis to verify the strength of laterality in the species. We found that four out of the 19 tested species show a percentage of right-handed individuals that was higher or lower than expected by chance. Individuals of these four species exhibit asynchronous movements of forelimbs during displacements, foraging behaviors, sexual displays, or agonistic interactions. Results of a phyloANOVA and a phyloANCOVA indicated that the strength of laterality was higher in species with asynchronous movements, but this was unrelated to microhabitat and body size. Asynchronous (i.e., non-simultaneous) movements of limbs imply alternating muscle contractions and a higher neural asymmetry than synchronous (i.e., simultaneous) movements of limbs. Therefore, species with an asynchronous locomotion type could be reflecting such complexity and neural asymmetry in higher levels of forelimb laterality. Our results mostly support the predictions based on models that cover the expected relationship between the strength of laterality and the evolutionary ecology of vertebrates.
Empathy, Motivating Reasons, and Morally Worthy Action
Authors: Ventham Elizabeth
Published: November 2023

Contemporary literature criticises a necessary link between empathy and actions that demonstrate genuine moral worth. If there is such a necessary link, many argue, it must come in the developmental stages of our moral capacities, rather than being found in the mental states that make up our motivating reasons. This paper goes against that trend, arguing that critics have not considered how wide-ranging the mental states are that make up a person’s reasons. In particular, it argues that empathy can play a role in moral motivation when it is to some extent unconscious or it occurs far prior to the moral action itself.
Does religion matter to angels? Exploring the influence of religion in entrepreneurial investor decision-making
Authors: Jones Jessica , Hymer Christina , Roccapriore Ashley , Smith Brett
Published: November 2023

Despite the pervasive influence religion has on society, the role of religion in angel investor decision-making remains unknown. This study tests a model of how religion – both as a guiding institutional logic and a personal religious belief – influences angel investor evaluations. Drawing on the similarity attraction paradigm and expectancy violation theory, two scenario-based experiments find religion has a persistent but nuanced influence on investor evaluations. Generally, religious claims are a double-edged sword, either repelling or attracting angel investors. Specifically, faith-driven investors form positive evaluations of the venture but only when these evaluations are mediated by entrepreneur authenticity. By comparison, traditional angel investors form negative evaluations when religious claims are present, except for when angel investor religiosity is high. This suggests that faith-driven and traditional angel investors use different bases for evaluating entrepreneurs and ventures. Overall, our results have important implications for understanding the theological turn to entrepreneurship by finding religion as a double-edge sword, a multilevel influence, and a cognitive mechanism within investor decision-making.
Truth as none and many
Authors: Gamester Will
Published: November 2023

Truth pluralists say that there are many ways to be true. Aaron Cotnoir (“Pluralism and Paradox” in: Pedersen and Wright (eds) Truth and pluralism: current debates, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2013) has suggested a “uniquely pluralist response to the liar”. The basic idea is to maintain that, if a sentence says of itself that it is not true in a certain way, then that sentence is not apt to be true in that way, but is instead apt to be true in a different way. While this is consistent with the basic tenets of truth pluralism, it is an open question whether or not it is amenable to any actual pluralist theory. The primary goal of this paper is to argue that Cotnoir's proposal is amenable to form-based pluralism, rather than domain-based pluralism. In particular, in Section 1, I argue that there are several serious obstacles in the way of the domain-based pluralist who wishes to endorse Cotnoir's proposal; in Section 2, I show how the form-based pluralist can overcome these difficulties. The secondary goal of the paper is to argue that most, if not all, substantivists about truth should find form-based pluralism independently attractive. As such, the possibility of a form-based pluralist solution to the liar is not merely a technical curiosity, but something in which substantivists about truth have a vested interest.
Existence of solutions for the problem of microwave heating and a Liapunoff criteria for stability and instability
Authors: Cimatti Giovanni
Published: November 2023

The Galerkin’s method is applied to prove the existence of at least one solution of the initial boundary value problem for the nonlinear system of partial differential equations modelling the electromagnetic heating of materials. In addition a criteria of stability and instability based on a Liapunoff function is presented.
Linking top managers’ behavioural traits with business practices and firm performance
Authors: Kim Huong Trang , Nguyen Quang
Published: November 2023

We embed an experiment in an ongoing firm-level panel survey with a sample of 623 firms managed by their owners to explore the role of top managers’ behavioral traits as drivers of corporate strategies and performance. We find that present biased managers are less likely to invest in business practices, leading to lower sales revenue. Younger managers are more patient and less risk-averse than older ones, and they play a more significant role in improving firm performance than their counterparts. Interestingly, we find compelling evidence that business practices play a crucial role as a mediating mechanism through which managers’ present bias and loss aversion affect firm performance.