bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Tranexamic Acid in Preventing Primary Post-Partum Haemorrhage During Caesarean Section: A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Oduola-Owoo Badmus B. , Davies Nosimot O. , Chionuma Joy O. , Wemimo Rasheed M. , Olorunfemi Gbenga , Oduola-Owoo Latifat T. , Olusi Adedotun M.
Published: May 2024

Background: Primary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is a leading cause of maternal mortality in Ni-geria. Caesarean section (CS), though a life-saving alternative to vaginal delivery in several maternity units globally, is a risk factor for PPH. Its rate has increased globally with wide variability amongst various countries. Although tranexamic acid (TXA) is an affordable medication that has been widely investigated for the treatment of PPH, its role as prophylaxis against PPH during Caesarean section has not been well characterized in our environment.
Methods: A randomized, double-blind, two-center study of 130 consenting pregnant women who were scheduled for either elective or emergency LSCS at the Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH) and Federal Medical Center, Ebute-Metta (FMCEB) Lagos. Data was imported into Stata version 17 (StataCorp, USA) software for analysis.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 30.8 ± 4.76 years. The prevalence of PPH among the placebo group was four times that of the Tranexamic acid group. (P-value < 0.0001). There was a sta-tistically significant lower estimated blood loss in the intervention compared to the placebo arm of the study (P-value < 0.0001)
Conclusion: Prophylactic use of intravenous Tranexamic acid as an adjunct to uterotonic at caesarean section is efficacious in reducing blood loss and preventing post-partum haemorrhage.
Prevalence, Risk Factors and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Candida albicans and Co-Infectious Agents among Female Sex Workers in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Akinyemi Kabiru O. , Ajoseh, Samuel O. , Adunmo Olabisi O. , Ukhureigbe Oluchi M. , Salami Wasiu O , Lawal-Sanni Aminat O
Published: May 2024

Background: An upsurge in the number of female sex workers (FSW) recently occurred in Lagos due to the harsh economic situation. This study is aimed at providing essential data on the carriage and antimicrobial susceptibility of Candida albicans and co-infections with other urogenital pathogens isolated from sex workers in Lagos.
Methods: Two hundred female sex workers (FSWs) participated in this study conducted in Lagos, Nigeria, between September 2019 and February 2020. Urine and high vaginal swab (HVS) samples were collected from each participant, resulting in a total of 400 samples. Sociodemographic data were obtained through structured questionnaires. All samples were analyzed microbiologically, and the isolated microorganisms were subjected to standardized antibiotic and antifungal susceptibility testing.
Results: Candida albicans were detected in 95 (47.5%) and 86 (43%) urine and HVS samples of FSWs, with no significant difference between the two samples. Three bacteria genera and a protozoan co-infection with C. albicans: Klebsiella-Candida, Staphylococcus-Candida, Candida-Proteus, and Trichomonas vaginalis-Candida, respectively. Risk factors like age, sexual, and hygiene behaviour predispose to vulvovaginal candidiasis. Amphotericin-B was the most effective antifungal drug against C. albicans, followed by Caspofungin and Fluconazole. Metronidazole was effective against all the T. vaginalis recovered, while Ciprofloxacin was the most effective against all bacterial strains.
Conclusion: The study found a high prevalence of Candida albicans in urine and HVS samples of FSWs. Over 80% of C. albicans were susceptible to Amphotericin-B, Caspofungin, and Fluconazole, while Ciprofloxacin and Metronidazole were effective for co-infected bacterial and protozoan agents, respectively. FSWs pose a high risk for sexually transmitted infections and bacterial vaginosis transmission.
Relationships among Willingness to Communicate, Self-Perceived Communication Competence and Communication Anxiety
Authors: Qinghe Zhang
Published: May 2024

This study investigated the relationships among L2 communicative willingness (WTC), self-perceived communicative competence (SPCC), and communication anxiety (CA) of English as a foreign language (EFL) learners in northwestern China. 71 English majors participated in the study and 10 of them also took part in the structured interview. The results indicated that: (1) SPCC had a positive correlation with WTC and negative correlation with CA while CA showed a negative relationship with WTC and SPCC; (2) SPCC held a positive predictive power on WTC. Both qualitative and quantitative results of the study showed that students with high SPCC also had strong WTC and low CA. Students with high CA had relatively low WTC and SPCC. Based on the current findings, some practical implications about enhancing EFL learners’ willingness to communicate were discussed.
Advancing Agricultural Sustainability: Vermicomposting as a Biochemical Pathway for Improved Soil Health and Climate Resilience
Authors: Amante Guta
Published: May 2024

This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted role of vermicomposting in sustainable agriculture, emphasizing its biochemical processes and impact on soil systems. Beginning with the concept, the document delves into the intricacies of the vermicomposting process, including the selection of suitable earthworm species for vermiculture. It further examines the biochemical transformations that occur during vermicomposting, such as the optimization of the carbon to nitrogen ratio, alterations in organic carbon content, and the modulation of soil pH and electrical conductivity. The accumulation of heavy metals and the transformation of nitrogen and phosphorus are also discussed, alongside the process of humification. Subsequently, the profound effects of vermicompost on soil properties, highlighting its influence on physical characteristics, organic matter content, mineralization, and nutrient dynamics, as well as the enhancement of humus content was deeply reviewed. The document also investigates the implications of vermicomposting on plant growth and yield, providing insights into its potential to increase agricultural productivity. Additionally, the review addresses the impact of vermicomposting on greenhouse gas emissions, underscoring its significance in the context of climate-smart farming practices. Arising from detailed synthesis of the findings, vermicomposting is a pivotal component of climate-resilient agriculture, offering a pathway to healthier soil ecosystems and a sustainable future.
Determinants of Low Tax Revenuein Pakistan
Authors: nisa Zaib-un-
Published: May 2024

Low tax-to-GDP ratio has always been a problem for economic development and a major explanation for high budget deficits in Pakistan. In the present study, we attempt to empirically analyze the determinants of low tax revenue in Pakistan by employing time series econometric techniques during the period 1973-2009. This study investigates whether economic policies, external variables and social indicators together with elements of the tax base can explain some of the variations in tax revenue trends in Pakistan. The empirical findings suggest that openness, ample money, external debt, foreign aid and political stability are the significant determinants of fiscal efforts in Pakistan with expected signals. The findings also indicate that the determinants of low tax revenue in Pakistan are a narrow tax base, greater dependence on the agricultural sector, foreign aid and low level of literacy. Finally, it is concluded that Pakistan's economy can generate a high tax-to-GDP ratio by increasing openness, literacy level, political stability, broadening the tax base and controlling income inequality, tax evasion and exemptions tax.
Covid 19 Pandemic and Lecturers’ Perception on Income and Satisfaction in Nigerian Private Universities: Qualitative Evidence from Al-Hikmah University
Authors: Lawal Saheed Oluwaseun , Tajudeen Jamiu Ade , Rasaq Omoniyi Adeyemi , Abdulkareem Habibat Bolanle
Published: May 2024

The pandemic's immediate effects may be gloomy, but it also presents a rare opportunity for learning, transformation, and resilience-building within Nigerian universities' educational systems. Against this backdrop, the Covid-19 pandemic and teachers' perceptions of income and satisfaction in Nigerian private universities were the subjects of this study. The study was accompanied by the formulation of two research questions. The entire faculty at Al-Hikmah University makes up the study's population. Participants were chosen using two non-probability sampling strategies. Purposive and convenient procedures were specifically used to pick four academic staff members from various faculties. Relevant data for the study was gathered using an interview methodology called the "Interview Protocol on Income and Satisfaction (IPIS)". Data collected were analyzed using thematic method. Findings indicate that lecturers’ were satisfied with the level of income in the university. Specifically, they are satisfied in terms of regular payment of Salaries and other fringe benefits. Also, findings revealed that the pandemic had impact on Al-Hikmah University in many ways. The study recommends that management of Al-Hikmah University should come up with another source of income to increase revenue drive, this will enable them have more financial buoyancy, to increase the satisfaction of their lecturers. Additionally, there should be aggressive planning and policy mix should be set up in order to provide for the staff in the closest future, this will empower the University to prepare and take actions in case of future occurrences.
C-E Translation Analysis of the Article Artistic Characteristics of Opera Character Paper-Cuts in Xinjiang in the CEA Framework
Authors: Yang Gao , Lingzhu Ji
Published: May 2024

The Chinese government promotes the spreading of Chinese culture worldwide to enhance the soft power of China internationally. In this circumstance, translation of folk culture holds great significance since it constitutes an integeral part of cultural heritage, and through translation, a wider audience can appreciate these diverse cultures in different areas of China and better understand the Chinese culture in general. Based on the background of rural cultural reconstruction and the urgent situation of inheriting the precious intangible cultural heritage, the student translator took the article On the Artistic Characteristics of Opera Character paper-cuts in Xinjiang Area of Shanxi Province as the source text for her translation project. The framework of “Comprehension, Expression and Adaptation” is chosen to analyse the translation process: how the translator solved the problems encountered in understanding the text in source language, expressing the similar meaning in target language and adaptations made to bridge the cultural gap between the two languages.
Hausa in Hospitals: Exploring Healthcare Communications in Yariman Bakura Specialist Hospital Gusau, Zamfara State, Nigeria
Authors: Bashir Abdullahi , Umar Muhammad Arabi
Published: May 2024

This study investigates healthcare communication at Yariman Bakura Specialist Hospital (YBSH) Gusau in Zamfara state, focusing on the use of the Hausa language. A quantitative approach was employed through a self-administered survey questionnaire distributed to both patients and staff (n=200) at YBSH. The survey explored language preferences, dialect variations, challenges, and communication strategies. Purposive sampling ensured a representative sample of staff (doctors, nurses, etc.) and patients with diverse backgrounds. Data analysis focused on the prevalence of Hausa use, dialect variations, and staff perspectives on communication strategies and medical terminology. The study found Hausa as the dominant language (77% of staff, 64% of patients). However, dialect variations within Hausa (particularly Zamfarci) pose the challenges. The study identified a gap in using Hausa medical terminology. While staff primarily rely on interpreters (50%) and simplified explanations (45%), limited resources and knowledge restrict the use of medical terms in Hausa (5%). To improve communication, the study recommends developing a Hausa medical dictionary (focusing on Standard Hausa and Zamfarci dialects) and staff training programs on medical terminology. Additionally, a multi-pronged approach that includes interpreters, simplified explanations, and Hausa medical terminology is recommended for effective communication.
Legal Reconstruction of Reasons for Divorce in Islamic Marriage Law in Indonesia Based on Justice Values
Authors: Fauzi Ahmad , Gunarto Gunarto , Mashdurohatun Anis
Published: May 2024

This research aims to analyze and find the weaknesses in the regulation of reasons for divorce in Islamic marriage law in Indonesia currently and to reconstruct the regulations for reasons for divorce in Islamic marriage law in Indonesia based on the value of justice using a constructivist paradigm with a socio-legal research approach method by examining secondary data and primary data by finding legal realities experienced in the field as well as a qualitative descriptive method, namely where the data obtained is then arranged systematically so that a comprehensive picture will be obtained, where later the data will be presented descriptively. The results of the research shows that the Weaknesses in the regulation of reasons for divorce in Islamic marriage law in Indonesia consist of: a). Legal Substance where Article 19 letter (f) Government Regulation Number 9 of 1975 and Article 116 letter (f) b). The Legal Structure consists of the weaknesses of the judge and the Weaknesses of the Mediator c). The legal culture where the husband's actions are super powerful, the increasing number of media broadcasting or presenting divorce issues, a cultural shift that exists where divorce is not considered taboo in society. Therefore, The reconstruction of the regulation of reasons for divorce in Islamic marriage law in Indonesia based on the value of justice consists of a value reconstruction where improvements are made to Article 19 letter (f) of Government Regulation Number 9 of 1975 concerning the Implementation of Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage and Article 116 letter (f) of the Compilation of Islamic Law so that continuous disputes as a reason for divorce can be in line with the objectives of Islamic sharia (maqashid syari'ah) being implemented. Reconstructing norms regarding Article 19 letter (f) Government Regulation Number 9 of 1975 concerning Implementation of Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage and Article 116 letter (f) Compilation of Islamic Law and Point C of Supreme Court Circular Letter Number 3 of 2023 by adding norms for divorce cases based on continuous disputes and quarrels can be granted if it is proven that the husband and wife have continuous disputes and quarrels which results in damage to religion, soul, reason, lineage and property which causes disharmony in the household.
Immunomodulatory effect of hemozoin from Opisthorchis felineus and its participation in reducing allergic inflammation through activation of the inflammasome
Authors: Melenteva Anasyasiay P. , Parshutkina Tamara A. , Ogorodova Ludmila M. , Fedorova Olga S.
Published: May 2024

Molecules of the excretory-secretory product arising as a result of co-evolution of a host and a parasite are able to inhibit the type 2 immune response, while activating the type 1 and the type 17 responses. The ability to alter the immune response can be used to inhibit inflammation in allergic diseases. In this regard, a search for helminth-associated molecules both with an immunomodulatory effect and immunogenicity and low toxicity is represented as a topical task.
Hemozoin being a dark brown insoluble biocrystal is an excretory product of a number of hematophagous parasites (Schistosoma mansoni, Plasmodium falciparum and Opisthorchis felineus). This substance as a compound of parasitic origin with explicit immunomodulatory properties has prospects for deep research.
Lots of relevant literature has been studied carefully before developing a concept about Opisthorchis felineus hemozoin and its unique properties.
Thus, the current review presents an analysis of the accumulated data regarding the effect of Opisthorchis felineus trematode on the host immune system. Also the data on the immunomodulatory effect of hemozoin of various origins is analyzed. The current knowledge on the immune mechanisms of inflammasome activation and the possible role of hemozoin in reducing allergic inflammation through this mechanism is represented in this article.
According to the systemized research results the excretory-secretory molecule of the liver fluke is a product of parasitic origin with an explicit immunomodulatory effect which is promising for prospective scientific study. Opisthorchis felineus extract increases the expression of T-regulatory cells and inhibits the Th2-immune response.
Hemozoin produced by Opisthorchis felineus, like one produced by Plasmodium falciparum, may be involved in reducing the activity of allergic inflammation through activation of the inflammasome. Comprehension of the mechanism of how hemozoin interacts with the host immune system can be applied for correction of conditions associated with Th2-polarization of the immune response, which primarily include atopic diseases.
Studying the mechanism of inflammation will help by the search for a biological target to create a vaccine to prevent the spread of atopic diseases, including bronchial asthma.
Features of the formation of early immunological tolerance during immunotherapy with allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis
Authors: Volkova Daria A. , Bikchantaeva Gulnara R. , Luntsov Alexey V. , Bareycheva Olga A. , Umarova Nailya N. , Skorokhodkina Olesya V.
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of allergen-specific immunotherapy has been proven in studies. Studying the level and expanded spectrum of Th1, Th2, Treg and Breg cytokines against the background of allergen-specific immunotherapy, as well as allergen-specific IgG4 (asIgG4), is promising, which will clarify the mechanisms of the effectiveness of allergen-specific immunotherapy in patients with allergic rhinitis.
AIM: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of allergen-specific immunotherapy in patients with allergic rhinitis and to identify the most significant biomarkers of the formation of early immunological tolerance.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined 30 patients with allergic rhinitis aged 19 to 60 years who received allergen-specific immunotherapy. The clinical effectiveness was assessed using the validated Combined Symptom Medication Score (CSMS). All patients had their serum levels of IL-4, IL-13, IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-10, TGF-β, and asIgG4 of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay recorded at baseline and 6 months after the start of allergen-specific immunotherapy.
RESULTS: Allergen-specific immunotherapy has been demonstrated to be highly clinically effective in achieving control of allergic rhinitis. At baseline, the total CSMS score was 3.75 [3.33; 4.5], at the end of 6 months ― 1.83 [1.17; 2.67] (p=0.000002). When analyzing the dynamics of the cytokine profile and asIgG4, an increasing in the level of TGF-β (p=0.000002), IL-12 (p=0.000002) and asIgG4 (p=0.000003) was revealed, as well as a decreasing in the level of IL-4 (p=0.000024) 6 months after the start of allergen-specific immunotherapy. We did not register an increase in IFN-γ and the expected increase in IL-10 and decrease of IL-13. The correlation and principal component analysis showed that the clinical effect of allergen-specific immunotherapy was associated with an increase in TGF-β and IL-12, a moderate increase in asIgG4 with a decrease of IL-4.
CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate the high clinical effectiveness of allergen-specific immunotherapy within 6 months from the moment of its initiation. Significant marker of the effectiveness of allergen-specific immunotherapy at the stage of early tolerance formation is TGF-β, which increasement was in correlation with an increased IL-12 with a decrease of IL-4. The increase in asIgG4 is less pronounced. The conducted correlation and principal component analysis showed the relationship of the discussed biomarkers with the CSMS, which may indicate in favor of their choice as potential biomarkers for assessing the effectiveness of allergen-specific immunotherapy.
Majoon Suparipak a Remarkable Unani Drug for Women
Authors: - Najmus Sehar , - Mohammad Nafees Khan , - Bushra Sabir , - Dr. Faiyaz Ahmad , - Dr. Amir
Published: May 2024

Unani medicine provides holistic approach in the treatment of different diseases. Majoon Supari Pak has been used for the treatment of various reproductive disorders particularly leucorrhoea since ages without any adverse effects. This compound formulations contain 25 ingredients that poses uterine tonic,
constrictive and retentive, diuretics, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant and nervine stimulator. The aim of this study was to review the role of Majoon Supari Pakas mentioned in Unani literature. The pharmacological actions of Majoon Supari Pak are mentioned in ancient literature as a uterine strengthening agent as well as its therapeutic use in leucorrhoea, PID, Purities vulva. A review of literature on Majoon Supari Pak was focussed to emphasize classical uses of the compound as well as details of its preparation method, ingredients, and medicinal importance. With the bibliographic database viz. Pub Med, Google scholar, Scopus. Further Unani classical textbooks were used to collect the information as representative literature in Unani medicine
Use of Guidewires of Bioradmedisys in Urology
Authors: - Sanjay B Kulkarni , - Dr. Shreyas Bhadranavar , - Dr. Pankaj M Joshi
Published: May 2024

Guidewires are commonly used in clinical practice over a wide range of specialities.Their use has become more popular as a result of advances in endourology and Guidewire of Biorad Medisys is a thin, flexible wire that can be inserted into a confined or tortuous space to act as a guide for subsequent insertion of a catheter / stents / dilators. It is used to facilitate the placement of endourological instruments during diagnostic or treatment procedures. This case study discussed about the use of Biorad Medisys guide wire in various Urological procedures.
Immutable and Transparent Electronic Voting Platform Leveraging Blockchain Technology
Authors: - P. Jayalakshmi , - Alok Kumar Mishra , - Sarthak Tyagi
Published: May 2024

The project aims to develop an electronic voting platform utilizing blockchain technology for immutability and transparency. Through decentralization and cryptographic techniques, platform ensures the integrity and security of votes while preserving anonymity. Smart contracts automate processes, eliminating intermediaries and reducing manipulation risks. Real-time verification enhances trust in the electoral process. User-friendly interfaces promote inclusivity and participation. Rigorous testing and collaboration with regulatory authorities ensure compliance and reliability. Robust encryption safeguards against cyber threats. Continuous innovation enhances the platform’s effectiveness. Overall, our project seeks to strengthen democratic process by providing a trustworthy electronic voting solution. Furthermore, our platform will be designed to be scalable, capable of handling large-scale elections with ease. By leveraging blockchain technology, our platform will offer a level of transparency and security which has never been there in traditional electronic voting systems. The goal of our research and development initiative is to completely transform the electoral process by making it more transparent, safe, and open to all.
Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Face Scrub that Exfoliates Skin with Coffee
Authors: - Seema Chandpasha Munjewar , - Chetana Sambhaji Waghmare
Published: May 2024

The skin is the outermost organ in the body and is immediately exposed to pro-oxidants such chemicals, UV radiation, and air pollution on a daily basis. Recent years have seen a rise in the popularity of herbal face scrubs because they are inexpensive and can enhance skin health. Exfoliation is the process of eliminating the dead, old skin cells from the skin's outermost layer. It increases the skin's ability to absorb and hold onto moisturizing ingredients while restoring its natural moisture content. The current study's objective is to create and assess a herbal face scrub that uses exfoliating compounds. Natural elements found in these scrubs, like turmeric, neem powder, coffee powder, and sandalwood powder, exfoliate, brighten, and guard against free radical damage. Glycerin and tea tree oil are used to moisturize and nourish the skin. The scrub that has been prepared includes. a number of natural substances with antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory qualities that are safer to use and have fewer negative effects.
वेद प्रकाश गुप्ता के मुर्ति शिल्प में रंगो का प्रयोग
Authors: - Nilam kumari
Published: May 2024

वेद प्रकाश गुप्ता एक व्यंगात्मक मूर्तिकार है जिन्होंने समाज में हो रहे असमानता को मूर्तिशिल्प के द्वारा दिखाने की कोशिश की है। वेद प्रकाश गुप्ता के मूर्तियों का अगर विस्तृत विश्लेषण किया जाए तो यह ज्ञात होता है की उन्होंने अपने मूर्तिशिल्पो में एक प्रकार से सामाजिक कटाक्ष का भाव प्रस्तुत किया है। उनके रंगीन फाइबर ग्लास के मूर्तिशिल्प को किसी प्रकार से अतिशयोक्ति पूर्ण नहीं कहा जा सकता। उन्होंने अपने मूर्तिशिल्प में समकालीन भारत के संघर्ष और भ्रष्ट आचरण करने वाले मनुष्य और ग्लोबलाइजेशन के प्रति एक तीव्र भावना व्यक्त की है। जो वक्तिगत अनुभव पर आधारित है।
Post-Pandemic Consumer Behavior Analysis: A Case Study of Product Purchases in India with Amazon Data
Authors: - Devashish Mallick , - Aditya Singh Porte , - Rahul Choudhary , - Sujata Kumari , - Priyanshu Pratap Dev
Published: May 2024

This study explores the fascinating topic of consumer behavior in India's post-pandemic environment, paying particular attention to the trends and variables affecting product purchasing. Consumer interests and preferences have undergone substantial alteration as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Businesses looking to adapt and flourish in the changing industry must comprehend how these shifts show up in consumer decisions. The research uses a thorough methodology to examine the nuances of customer behavior by fusing quantitative and qualitative techniques.

In order to better understand post-pandemic consumer decisions, the research looks at psychological and socioeconomic aspects such as brand loyalty, safety concerns, and shifting economic conditions. Recognizing customer behavior is crucial for firms looking to customize their goods to address new requirements as India struggles with the pandemic's repercussions. In addition to adding to the body of knowledge on consumer behavior in academia, the research's conclusions can help firms in India navigate the challenging post-pandemic market environment. This study aims to clarify the complex relationship between market dynamics and consumer psychology, providing insight into the changing trends that define the Indian consumer environment in the post-pandemic age.

Using data from Amazon, this study examines post-pandemic consumer behavior in India with an emphasis on goods purchases. Businesses and politicians need to understand how consumer behavior has changed as the globe recovers from the COVID-19 epidemic. Using information from Amazon, one of the top online retailers in India, this study looks into trends in product purchases, changes in customer preferences, and how the epidemic has affected consumers' purchasing habits. Through an analysis of patterns and insights obtained from Amazon data, this study offers significant insights into the evolving consumer behavior environment in post-pandemic India, assisting businesses and governments in making strategic decisions.
Towards Safer Roads: A Deep Learning Approach to Driver Distraction Detection in Four-wheeler Cars
Authors: - Sumit Shevtekar , - Yadhnesh Gangurde
Published: May 2024

The fact that there are more than 50 million cars sold annually and more than 1.3 million fatal motor vehicle accidents each year indicates the urgent need for stronger road safety regulations. Driver behaviour needs to be addressed, especially in emerging nations like India, which is responsible for 11% of all road fatalities worldwide. Diversion has been identified as the leading cause of 78% of accidents involving drivers. Distractions can take many different forms, from using a phone to interacting with others, and they greatly hinder road safety. This work aims to address this important problem by creating a highly effective machine learning (ML) model that employs computer vision techniques to classify various driver distractions in real-time. Utilising cutting-edge models, such as an ensemble of CNNs and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) like ResNet50. Our goal is to effectively identify and categorise distractions through the use of deep learning and picture recognition, allowing for proactive intervention to avert mishaps. Beyond classification accuracy, this study evaluates the model’s overall speed and scalability, which are critical for deployment on edge devices. We assess the practical practicality and wide-spread adoption of our approach by analysing performance parameters like inference time and resource utilisation
Identifying Credit Card Defaulters and Predicting Fraudulent Transactions using Various Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: - Shreeyash Bhaskar Mane Deshmukh , - Savita Sangam
Published: May 2024

In recent years as increase in number of credit card transactions, large amount of data generated via Razor pay, Billing desk payment gateways. Indian government encourages to each and every individual to do digital transactions via online payment gateway under the scheme of digital India. For going cashless economy under the banking domain credit card transactions for the booking flight tickets, online shopping, railway ticket booking has increased rapidly after the covid pandemic. Credit card banks giving offers like some amount of percentage of cashback and some credit points for the refilling the fuel on the selected petrol pumps like BPCL and HP so a greater number of users to use credit card on petrol pumps for filling up the fuel tank. This is the positive side of the digital India concept. Due to increasing number of online transactions via credit card it also increases the defaulters and fraud by using credit cards transactions. During online payment via credit card a large amount of data is generated including customer information, credit card number, what type of product customer like to purchase, credit history, transactions history and has the customer pay the credit card bill before due date. As the customers CIBIL score is generated on the basis of due date payment of credit card which is used for future reference. Credit card holder have serious implication if credit card holder is a defaulter. So, we are going to propose a solution of generating a model by using different machine learning algorithm techniques to avoid such situation. We are doing comparison of different performance models to identify defaulters using evaluation matrices such as accuracy, precision, recall and F1-score. Including decision making on historical credit card transaction using machine learning algorithms Support vector Machine, Logistic regression and Random Forest to identify credit card defaulters to preventing the financial loss of the credit card lending banks.
A Quasi-experimental Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Program in Terms of Knowledge Regarding Road Safety Measures among School Going Students in Govt. Girls Sen. Sec. School Portmore, Shimla, (H.P.)
Authors: - Ankita Dhiman , - Deeksha Sharma , - Kritika Rajta , - Pooja , - Prajikta
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Background: An undesirable or unfortunate happening that occurs unintentionally and usually results in harm, injury, damage, or loss; casualty; mishap on road is known as road accidents. There are some road safety measures to reduce the chances of road accidents which should be followed by individuals. The Aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program in terms of knowledge regarding road safety measures among School going Students. Objectives: To assess the knowledge regarding road safety measures among school going children,To develop and administer structured teaching program on knowledge regarding road safety measures among school going children,To assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding road safety measures among school going children,To find out the association of knowledge regarding road safety measures among school going children with selected demographic variables. Methodology : Quantitative approach was adopted using the Quasi- experimental research design.60 sample were selected to collect the data by convenient sampling technique. The tools was used for the study was self structured questionnaire consisting of socio demographic characteristics and knowledge questionnaire. After conducting pre test, structured teaching programme on road safety measures was administered to the participants. Post test was conducted after gap of seven days. Result: The result of the study revealed that total of 60 subject were enrolled by using convenient sampling technique and data gathered from school going children regarding road safety measures. In pre test (0%) of school going children having adequate knowledge in terms of road safety measure, (95%) of school going children having moderate knowledge in terms of road safety measures,(5%) of school going children having inadequate knowledge in terms of road safety measures In post test (96.7%) of school going children having adequate knowledge in terms of road safety measure (3.3%) of school going children having moderate knowledge in terms of road safety measures. The study reveals that the structured teaching programme was effective in terms of improving the knowledge regarding road safety measures among school going students in Govt. Girls Sen. Sec. School Portmore,Shimla,H.P.
Thumri Gayan Shaili ka Vishleshnatmak Adhyayan
Authors: - Anjana Rani
Published: May 2024

Bhartiye Sangeet ke Itihas me Thumri Gayan shaili ka Apna ek vishes Mahatva raha h .yeh Upshasyriye Sangeet ke Antargat lane Wali Gayan Vidha hai.Thumri ek Bhav Pradhan Gayan Shaili h.Kathak Nritye ke sath Iska vishes sambandh hai.
The Impact of Experiential Learning on Student Creativity: A Comparative Study
Authors: - Raji Pillai , - Dr. Shailbala Singh
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the impact of experiential learning on student creativity by comparing the creativity scores of two groups of students who participated in different learning approaches. Sixty students were assigned to each group, and their creativity was assessed using a standardized test. Results indicate a significant difference in creativity scores between the two groups, suggesting that experiential learning enhances student creativity compared to traditional learning methods.
Empowering Communication: A Raspberry PI-Based Smart Noticeboard System
Authors: - Dhanush K , - Ajay B , - Haricharan P K , - Vedanth R , - Sudheesh K V
Published: May 2024

This research paper explores the implementation of a Smart Notice Board that leverages IoT and single-board computers, such as Raspberry Pi, to revolutionize traditional communication systems. It delves into the technical aspects of integrating these technologies to create a dynamic platform for real-time information dissemination. Additionally, it investigates how features like remote updating, authentication mechanisms, and environmental considerations enhance the functionality and sustainability of the Smart Notice Board. Ultimately, the paper aims to showcase the potential of this innovative solution in improving communication efficiency, security, and environmental impact within organizational and institutional settings.
Examining the Access, Quality, and Relevance Gaps in Liberia’s Educational Policy Environment
Authors: - Wehye Benjamin Yele , - Asiimwe Specioza
Published: May 2024

In 2015, governments across the globe agreed upon development standards that should be realized by 2030 dubbed the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Particularly, SDG-4 aims to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education, and promotion of lifelong learning opportunities for all. Liberia, like other countries domesticated the SDGs and on the educational front, it aims to provide an educational system that promotes equitable access to quality and relevant education to all. The country’s educational policy environment focuses on promoting the realisation of the SDG-4 goal. This includes Liberia’s Education Reform Act 2011 that was aligned to educational objectives of equitable access to quality and relevant education. In spite of the presence of this policy environment, results seem detached from the expected reality. A number of policy gaps have been noted including limited funds to priority areas, high school dropouts, limited facilities, inappropriate curriculum, limited technological facilities and tools, inadequate trained teaching staff, and limited apprenticeship opportunities, among others. These have consequently affected equitable access to quality and relevant education in the country. In order to mitigate these policy gaps, it is recommended that 20 percent of the national expenditure be allocated and released to the education sector, the education curriculum should be reviewed to emphasise relevant skills, adequate support facilities and tools should be provided to all schools, teachers must be trained, and partnerships with stakeholders harnessed. These interventions are intended to promote an effective educational policy environment that will meet the policy intentions of the country.
Introduction
Conceptualization of French Foreign Language Aspects, Devoid in Learners’ Prior Language (Kiswahili): The Case of Past Tense Learning
Authors: - Dietram Efrem Mgeni , - Michael P.K. Nzunga , - Dismas Nkezabera
Published: May 2024

In a multilingual society, the mother tongue can serve as a model to facilitate the learning and teaching of any foreign language, provided that they share some common characteristics. On the other hand, the difference between them is considered as a barrier, because they do not share common linguistic features (Punchihetti, 2007). Since French is a foreign language in Tanzania, and most Tanzanians learn it after having mastered Kiswahili (mother tongue) and secondly, English (medium of instruction for tertiary levels). It is very logical to hypothesize that learners are con-fronted with new French aspects, different from their prior languages. According to the National Council of Examinations reports of 2019 to 2022 in Tanzania (NECTA), the majority of high school candidates do not entirely comprehend French past tense questions. Regarding this re-port, we aimed at looking into the learning and teaching of French past tense (passé composé). Since languages are not very similar, this descriptive study describes how the learners deal with the new French language aspects, different from the languages they have known e.g. Kiswahili. The research answers the questions, what are the challenging aspects of French past tense for learners whose mother tongue is Kiswahili? And how these learners deal with them. The study is guided by the two theories, namely; inter-language and contrastive analysis. We collected data from high school students from Milambo and Korogwe high schools in Tanzania. The questionnaire and tests were used as instruments to obtain data. Lastly, stratified random sampling technique was helpful in findings. We finally give recommendations for the sake of improving learning and teaching French as a foreign language in Tanzania.
Natural resource conditions at Cedar Creek & Belle Grove National Historical Park: Findings & management considerations for selected resources
Authors: Valentine-Darby Patricia , Struthers Kimberly , McPherson Dale
Published: May 2024

The National Park Service?s Natural Resource Condition Assessment (NRCA) Program developed an NRCA with managers at Cedar Creek & Belle Grove National Historical Park (CEBE), a partner park located in western Virginia in Frederick, Shenandoah, and Warren counties. An NRCA?s purpose is to synthesize information on the primary drivers and stressors affecting natural resource conditions, and to report conditions for specific natural resources selected by park managers.

Condition assessments were conducted for three of CEBE?s resources?visual resources, night sky, and soundscape?and gap analyses were conducted for two resources?woodlands and meadows. The condition assessment for visual resources, based on an inventory of scenic views at three of the park?s most important viewpoints, led to condition ratings of good/fair for two locations and fair for one location. CEBE?s night sky, assessed using modeled data from the NPS Natural Sounds & Night Skies Division (NSNSD), was found to be about 392% brighter than the natural night sky, leading to a condition rating of fair. To assess CEBE?s soundscape, an NPS NSNSD geospatial model that predicts daytime sound was used. Results indicated a poor condition of sound level park-wide. Stressors for these three resources include adjacent/surrounding residential and commercial development and associated roads, vehicle traffic, and lighting. Both woodlands and meadows were evaluated through gap analyses. Potential stressors on woodlands include non-native invasive plants, non-native invasive insect pests, over-browsing by native white-tailed deer, and climate change. Although some park-specific data exist on these stressors, more information is needed. Similarly,
more information is needed on meadows. Most of the data available are related to ongoing work to bring back native vegetation in CEBE?s Morning Attack Trail field.
Denali National Park and Preserve paleontological resources management plan
Authors: Capps Denny , Knight Cassandra , Brease Phil , Hilburn Samantha , Santucci Vincent
Published: May 2024

Denali National Park and Preserve (DENA) in central Alaska is one of the most geologically and paleontologically diverse parks in the national park system. Fossils found at DENA help to untangle the convoluted bedrock history, record a Late Cretaceous ecosystem, and show changes in life here over several hundred million years. We have prepared a paleontological resources management plan (PRMP) to successfully administer these non-renewable resources in accordance with law and policy. This PRMP establishes goals and strategies for the comprehensive management of paleontological resources at DENA, considering more than a century of change and development of park programs and themes, agency policies and guidelines, and state and federal laws and regulations. Objectives include informing decisions and implementing best practices for paleontological resource management; ensuring the highest protection and preservation of paleontological resources; supporting and overseeing research on these resources; and promoting public outreach and education.
This paleontological resources management plan provides a variety of information and recommendations to address these objectives. A brief geological history of DENA and descriptions of fossiliferous rock units provide context for the fossils. Fossil areas of interest and paleontological localities of concern are detailed for management. Practices and recommendations are presented for inventory and monitoring. The process of research permitting and practices for researchers are described. The state of collections and curation is considered. Interpretation and education are tied into existing themes, and venues and opportunities for additional outreach are described. A series of overall recommendations are provided that consider the objectives. Finally, data forms are provided for reference. This PRMP should be used as the foundation of future, more specialized, management plans or reports relating to paleontological resources at DENA.
Pengaruh Pupuk NPK dan Jenis Pupuk Organik Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Kangkung Darat (Ipomoea reptans Poir)
Authors: Laia Fajarman , Zulfida Ida , Harahap Rahmaniah
Published: May 2024

Water spinach (Ipomea reptans Poir) is a type of vegetable that is very popular among Indonesians because of its delicious taste. This plant originated in India but then spread to various countries in Asia and Africa (Plucknett and Beemer, 1981). NPK fertilizer in water spinach cultivation is the most widely used compound fertilizer containing the nutrients Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium. Organic fertilizers are fertilizers composed of living matter, such as weathering of plant, animal and human remains. This research will be carried out in the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Indonesian Community Development University UPMI Medan, on Jl. Waqf, Pasar 12 Marindal II, Patumbak District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province. Altitude 40 m above sea level. Based on the results of field observations, it directly shows the normal growth of land kangkong plants (Ipomoea reptans Poir.). Parameters observed included plant height (cm), number of leaves (strands), sample wet weight (g), overall wet weight (g), root length (cm) and root volume (mm). Single effect NPK fertilizer application at N2 level (1.5 gram/plant (300 kg/ha) has an effect on increasing plant height growth at 3 WAP) based on the 5% DMRT test. The interaction effect of NPK fertilizer and liquid organic fertilizer had no effect on plant height, number of leaves, sample wet weight, overall wet weight, root length and root volume.
ГІГІЄНІЧНА ОЦІНКА ЯКОСТІ І БЕЗПЕЧНОСТІ КОРМІВ ПІВДЕННОГО РЕГІОНУ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Красніков С. , Тарасенко Л. , Рудь В. , Ставинський В.
Published: May 2024

Актуальність дослідження зумовлена високим рівнем зараженості мікотоксинами зернових культур в Україні та всьому світі. Внаслідок чого страждають: тварини, людина та економічний стан господарств. У зв'язку з цим дана стаття спрямована на виявлення рівня мікотоксичного ураження зерна пшениці в південному регіоні України і оцінка впливу на показники якості кормів. Завданням дослідження цієї проблеми є комплексний підхід, що включає: відбір зразків, оцінка за органолептичними (зовнішній вигляд, запах та домішки) та токсикологічними показниками в умовах «Центру ветеринарної діагностики» м. Київ, що дозволяє комплексно вивчити рівень мікотоксинів в досліджуваних зразках.Дослідженнями доведено рівень враження мікотоксинами зерна пшениці (Деоксініваленон, Т-2) приватних господарств південного регіону України, за допомогою «Ridascreen fast Deoxynivalenol» та «Ridascreen fast T-2 toxin».Органолептична оцінка зразків стала підтвердженням наявності та негативної дії мікотоксинів в зерні пшениці на зовнішній вигляд зернових культур, хоча дослідженнями доведено, що концентрація мікотоксину Деоксініваленону в середньому становила 0,185 мг/кг, Т-2 токсину 0,053 мг/кг, що в межах допустимих рівнів. Встановлено, що зразки №1, 4, 5 мали концентрацію токсину в межах 0,27 мг/кг; 0,46 мг/кг; 0,21 мг/кг відповідно, що вказує на порушення технологічних процесів збору та зберігання зерна. Згідно з органолептичною оцінкою саме зразки № 1, 4, 5 мали найгірші результати, тим самим підтверджуючи дані лабораторного дослідження.Одержані результати досліджень показали коливання вмісту фосфору, кальцію, зеараленону в кормах визначення яких здійснювали за допомогою спектрометричних методів та тест-систем Ridascreen fast Zearalenon.Дослідженнями доведено, що, всі зразки мали допустимий рівень Зеараленону. Зразки №1, 2, 4 відповідали МДР масової частки фосфору, зразки №3 та 5 мали перевищення МДР масової частки фосфору. Зразки №1, 2, 5 відповідали МДР масової частки кальцію, зразки №3, 4 мали перевищення МДР масової частки кальцію. Матеріали статті становлять практичну цінність для господарств оскільки проведення мікотоксичних досліджень та їх органолептична оцінка дає змогу виявляти рівні мікотоксинів у зерні, контролювати тим самим забезпечувати здоров’я тварин та людей.