bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDY OF EXERGY LOSSES IN PLATE AND SMOOTH-TUBE AIR-HEATING EXCHANGERS OF BOILER PLANTS
Authors: Fialko N. , Stepanova A. , Navrodska R. , Shevchuk S.
Published: February 2025

The study results of exergy losses in the heat transfer processes through a flat wall and cylindrical wall in heat-recovery exchangers of recovery systems for heat of boiler plants exhaust gases are presented. We considered plate and smooth-tube air-heating heat recovery systems, which are included in the heat recovery systems of a heating boiler with a nominal capacity of 2 MW. The values of exergy losses were chosen as a criterion for the exergetic efficiency of heat recovery exchangers.The purpose of the work is to determine the directions for increasing the exergy efficiency of plate and smooth-tube air-heating heat exchangers of boiler plants by establishing the regularities of the technological parameters influence of heat exchangers on exergy losses in heat transfer processes.A complex methodology for calculating exergy losses in the heat transfer processes through flat wall and cylindrical wall has been developed for air-heating heat-recovery exchangers of boiler plants and the corresponding dependencies have been obtained.The methodology includes integral equations for calculating exergy losses and differential equations of heat transfer theory when applied to heat recovery systems.The developed methodology was used to calculate of various types exergy losses in heat transfer processes for air-heating heat recovery exchangers and to conduct a comparative analysis of exergy losses in heat recovery exchangers with different technological parameters.It was established that for all types exergy losses, heating capacity values of heat recovery exchanger and ambient temperature, the exergy losses values for a smooth-tube heat recovery exchanger are higher than the corresponding values for a plate heat recovery exchanger. For all heating capacity values of heat recovery exchanger, the largest exergy losses are associated with heat transfer from the wall to the air. To increase the exergetic efficiency of heat utilization systems, it is necessary first of all to reduce exergetic losses during heat transfer from the wall to the air and to use plate heat exchangers as much as possible.
Policy making for emotional support: Tackling loneliness in migrant domestic workers
Authors: Lopez Fernandez Rosalia
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The article delves into the experience of loneliness among migrant women employed as domestic workers in Spain, shedding light on the intersections of gender, race, and migrant status. Methodology: Employing a constructivist grounded theory approach, the study conducted 31 in-depth interviews with migrant women working as domestic workers. Results: The analysis first demonstrates that the feeling of loneliness is predominantly influenced by the characteristics of the migration process and their subsequent integration into domestic work. Factors exacerbating loneliness include separation from loved ones, the challenging working conditions that limit their leisure time and privacy, and the absence of emotional and social support. Secondly, the results highlight the psychological and physical consequences of loneliness. Discussion: The research underscores the importance of implementing social innovation policies to address and alleviate the effects of loneliness on this vulnerable group. It highlights that loneliness is not only an individual emotional experience but also a structural consequence of their living and working conditions. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the urgent need for proactive measures to mitigate the impact of loneliness on migrant women working as domestic workers in Spain. It acknowledges the intricate interplay of individual and structural factors that influence their overall well-being.
Regression modeling with convolutional neural network for predicting extent of resection from preoperative MRI in giant pituitary adenomas: a pilot study
Authors: Patel Biren Khimji , Tariciotti Leonardo , DiRocco Lorenzo , Mandile Antonio , Lohana Samir , Rodas Alejandra , Zohdy Youssef M. , Maldonado Justin , Vergara Silvia M. , De Andrade Erion Jr. , Revuelta Barbero Juan M. , Reyes Camilo , Solares C. Arturo , Garzon-Muvdi Tomas , Pradilla Gustavo
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE

Giant pituitary adenomas (GPAs) are challenging skull base tumors due to their size and proximity to critical neurovascular structures. Achieving gross-total resection (GTR) can be difficult, and residual tumor burden is commonly reported. This study evaluated the ability of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to predict the extent of resection (EOR) from preoperative MRI with the goals of enhancing surgical planning, improving preoperative patient counseling, and enhancing multidisciplinary postoperative coordination of care.

METHODS

A retrospective study of 100 consecutive patients with GPAs was conducted. Patients underwent surgery via the endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach. CNN models were trained on DICOM images from preoperative MR images to predict EOR, using a split of 80 patients for training and 20 for validation. The models included different architectural modules to refine image selection and predict EOR based on tumor-contained images in various anatomical planes. The model design, training, and validation were conducted in a local environment in Python using the TensorFlow machine learning system.

RESULTS

The median preoperative tumor volume was 19.4 cm3. The median EOR was 94.5%, with GTR achieved in 49% of cases. The CNN model showed high predictive accuracy, especially when analyzing images from the coronal plane, with a root mean square error of 2.9916 and a mean absolute error of 2.6225. The coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.9823, indicating excellent model performance.

CONCLUSIONS

CNN-based models may effectively predict the EOR for GPAs from preoperative MRI scans, offering a promising tool for presurgical assessment and patient counseling. Confirmatory studies with large patient samples are needed to definitively validate these findings.
Predecompression and postdecompression cognitive and affective changes in Chiari malformation type I
Authors: Henry Luke C. , McDowell Michael M. , Stephenson Tina L. , Crittenden J. Bret , Byrd Amy L. , Fernández-de Thomas Ricardo J. , Chang Yue-Fang , Nowicki Kamil W. , Mantena Rohit , Strick Peter L. , Friedlander Robert M.
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE

The role of the cerebellum in cognitive function and psychiatric symptoms is poorly understood and particularly understudied in patients with cerebellar pathologies such as Chiari malformation type I (CM-I). Additionally, it is unclear if interventions targeted toward the cerebellum might impact these life-altering symptoms. The authors sought to characterize pre- and postoperative cognitive and psychiatric function in CM-I patients as evidence for targeted cerebellar treatment for some cognitive and psychiatric conditions.

METHODS

This prospective study included surgical patients with CM-I who reported cognitive or psychiatric dysfunction. Patients completed a preoperative assessment and a parallel assessment 6 months following surgery. Neuropsychological evaluations included a 90-minute standardized assessment of cognitive function across multiple domains and a self-reported assessment of psychiatric symptoms. This clinical sample consisted of 54 patients (mean age 34.17 years, median 14.15 years). Any patient demonstrating preoperative performance below 3.5 SDs within any cognitive domain was excluded (n = 1). All patients underwent preoperative neuropsychological assessment comprising standard clinical tests of processing speed, attention, memory, executive function, and psychiatric symptoms.

RESULTS

Preoperatively, CM-I patients performed significantly worse than a representative normative sample on measures of executive function and visuospatial memory and reported more psychiatric symptoms across all domains. On postoperative assessment, 89% of patients showed clinically significant improvements (> 1 SD) in cognitive and/or psychiatric domains.

CONCLUSIONS

The authors demonstrate significant, often unrecognized, impairments in cognitive function and psychiatric symptoms in a cohort of CM-I patients. Following targeted surgical posterior fossa decompression, these symptoms improved, suggesting that at least in a subgroup of symptomatic CM-I patients, these symptoms may be treatable. This study highlights the potential role of the cerebellum in cognitive and psychiatric dysfunction.
Near and frank dehiscence of the superior semicircular canal: a comparative analysis of clinical outcome
Authors: Yang Hong-Ho , Mballo Cheikh , Yang Isaac , Gopen Quinton S.
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE

Superior canal dehiscence is a pathological aperture of the otic capsule overlying the superior semicircular canal. Currently, two disease subtypes are recognized by experts: frank dehiscence (FD) and near dehiscence (ND). This investigation compares the clinical manifestation and surgical outcomes between patients with FDs and those with NDs, in hopes of delineating their distinctions in pathophysiology and optimal management strategies.

METHODS

The authors conducted a cohort study of consecutive middle cranial fossa repairs performed at their institution between 2011 and 2022. FDs were defined as clear dehiscence of the otic capsule, and NDs were defined as focal dehiscence or very thin bony labyrinth (< 0.1 mm) on CT imaging. Multivariable regression models were constructed to assess the relationship of dehiscence subtype with audiometric and symptomatologic baseline presentation and postrepair outcomes. Models were adjusted for demographics, history factors, and follow-up duration.

RESULTS

Among 421 repairs included, 100 (24%) were for NDs and 321 (76%) were for FDs. At 250 Hz, FDs and NDs had a comparable baseline air-bone gap (ABG) (adjusted mean 23.8 dB vs 11.1 dB; adjusted β [aβ] 12.8, 95% CI −0.4 to 25.9) and exhibited a similar degree of narrowing postrepair (−11.7 vs −5.5; aβ −6.2, 95% CI −16.8 to 4.5). At 500 Hz, FDs had a wider baseline ABG (15.4 vs 6.4; aβ 9.1, 95% CI 4.3–13.8) but exhibited numerically greater narrowing postrepair (−6.1 vs 1.1; aβ −7.2, 95% CI −11.4 to −3.0). Despite similar baseline symptomatology, patients with FDs reported lower resolution rates of hearing loss (adjusted OR [aOR] 0.43, 95% CI 0.20–0.94) and higher postoperative onset rates of dizziness (aOR 5.12, 95% CI 1.06–24.76) and vertigo (aOR 8.56, 95% CI 1.11–66.16). Resolution rates for autophony and hyperacusis were similarly high (> 60%) among both cohorts.

CONCLUSIONS

Compared to patients with NDs, those with FDs presented with a wider low-frequency ABG but similar symptom profile at baseline. Postsurgery, patients with FDs demonstrated numerically greater ABG narrowing but reported higher rates of dizziness, vertigo, and persistent hearing loss. Nevertheless, surgery yielded objective and subjective benefits among both patients with FDs and those with NDs.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ФОРМУВАННЯ МЕРЕЖІ ЗЕЛЕНИХ КОРИДОРІВ У ПЛАНУВАЛЬНІЙ СТРУКТУРІ МІСТ
Authors: Шевчук О. В.
Published: February 2025

У статті розглянуто особливості формування системи зелених каркасів з точки зору міського планування. Визначено основні функції такої структури. Проаналізовано історичний містопланувальний розвиток та закордонний досвід формування мереж зелених коридорів. Визначено основні елементи, які утворюють мережу зеленого каркасу, а також наведено можливі заходи щодо забезпечення реалізації мережі зелених коридорів планувальними засобами. Обґрунтовано методику формування мережі зелених коридорів у містах і на її основі наведено можливу схему мережі зелених коридорів для м. Рівне.
ЕКООРІЄНТОВАНА РЕКОНСТРУКЦІЯ ЖИТЛОВОЇ ЗАБУДОВИ ВЗДОВЖ МАГІСТРАЛЬНОЇ ВУЛИЦІ
Authors: Піліпака Л. М. , Деркач В. І.
Published: February 2025

В статті дано визначення поняття екоорієнтована реконструкція житлової забудови вздовж магістральної вулиці. Розглянуто різноманітні підходи до реконструкції житлової забудови в містах з точки зору екологічності. Наведено світовий досвід екоорієнтованої реконструкції забудови. Окреслено структурні елементи, фактори та принципи екоорієнтованої реконструкції забудови з урахуванням стану та призначення житлової забудови, прибудинкових територій, благоустрою, інфраструктури, вуличного середовища, мешканців та користувачів території
Inovasi Guru PAI dan Implikasinya Terhadap Kemampuan Creative Thinking Skill Peserta Didik
Authors: Laverdho M. Royhan
Published: February 2025

This research is motivated by the fact that students' creative thinking abilities in the PAI learning process in the subject of corpse management, advising each other in Islam are still low, this is indicated by the students' level of analysis being lacking, students have not been able to produce many ideas or answers, the ability Having very broad ideas is still lacking, even though in the learning process several innovations such as models, methods and supporting learning tools have been used in the learning process. This research is field research (Field Research) which is descriptive qualitative in nature. The subjects of this research are the Headmaster, Mr/Mrs, and the students. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this research that we want to know are about innovation in the PAI learning process and the creative thinking abilities of students at SMA N 4 Rejang Lebong.
Konstruksi Ilmu Keislaman: Ontologi, Epistemologi, Dan Aksiologi Dalam Menggagas Format Pendidikan Nondikotomik Antara Pendidikan Agama Dan Pendidikan Umum
Authors: Suhaimis  , Amrizon  , Julhadi
Published: February 2025

This research aims to explore the construction of Islamic science through the study of ontology, epistemology, and axiology, as well as develop educational formats that are not dichotomized between religious education and general education. A qualitative approach is used in this study, with descriptive and interpretive analysis methods on classical and contemporary Islamic literature. The results of the study show that from the perspective of Islamic ontology, all aspects of life are an inseparable unit, including religious science and general science. Epistemologically, Islam emphasizes the integration between revelation and reason in the process of seeking knowledge. From the axiology side, knowledge must be directed to the benefit of the people and the welfare of humanity as a whole. This study proposes a non-dichotomous education model that integrates Islamic values with general science. This model is expected to be able to produce graduates who not only have high academic competence, but also have a strong moral and spiritual foundation. Thus, Islamic education can play a more effective role in shaping individuals with a complete personality and contributing positively to society.
Implementasi Pendekatan Konstruktivistik Dalam Collaboration Skill Pendidikan Agama Islam Di Kurikulum Merdeka
Authors: Fenty Ismi , Harmi Hendra , Amrullah Amrullah
Published: February 2025

This study analyzes the implementation of a constructivistic approach in the development of collaboration skills in Islamic Religious Education subjects in the Independent Curriculum at SD Alam Insan Mulia Lubuklinggau. With a qualitative descriptive method, data was obtained through observation, interviews, and document analysis using purposive sampling techniques. The results of the study show that the Independent Curriculum allows a constructivistic approach to develop, especially through groupwork and discussion-based learning that improves students' collaboration, engagement, and motivation skills. This approach is also effective in integrating the nature school curriculum and encouraging the development of social, emotional, and critical and creative thinking skills. However, the study found weaknesses, such as adaptation difficulties for students who prefer to learn individually or lack confidence in cooperation.
Upaya Modin Desa Dalam Memberikan Pendidikan Moderasi Beragama Kepada Masyarakat Di Desa Jatirejo
Authors: Albab Ulil , Ahadiyah Wahyu , Ariska Mega
Published: February 2025

The diversity of Indonesian society is one of the most valuable riches, but it can also be a challenge. Multiculturalism in Indonesia does not only include differences in ethnicity, language, and religion, but also the way of life and values ​​held by each group. The purpose of this study was to explore the efforts of village modins in providing religious moderation education to the community in Jatirejo Village, Tikung, Lamongan. The method used in this study was direct data collection in the field using several data collection techniques, including observation, documentation, and interviews with related parties. The results of this study indicate that the efforts of village modins in providing religious moderation education to the community are one way to prevent social conflict caused by differences in religion and belief. By providing education in accordance with the principles of moderation, it is hoped that the community can be more tolerant of differences in religion and belief that exist in society.
Konstruksi Islam Moderat Dan Implementasinya Dalam Pendidikan Islam (Studi Pemikiran Syekh Wahbah Az Zuhaili)
Authors: Ramadhan Bilal , Shohib Muhammad
Published: February 2025

The research uses a qualitative approach with a library research method. Data collection is done through document review, while data analysis involves content analysis and historical analysis techniques. The content analysis method consists of six stages: comparison, sample selection, recording, exploration, drawing objective conclusions, and narration. A validity test is then conducted to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data. The research findings show that Sheikh Wahbah Az-Zuhaili’s concept of moderate Islam includes: first, a moderate approach to Islamic law (fiqh); second, tolerance for differences; third, an emphasis on social justice; fourth, simplicity in religion; and fifth, maintaining the integrity of the ummah (community). The Islamic education he advocates is based on key values, including: first, the integration of religious and general knowledge; second, a balance between this world and the hereafter; third, the cultivation of noble character; fourth, tolerance for diversity; and fifth, social justice, creativity, and independence.
Peran Konselor Dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar dan Hubungan Sosial Emosional Siswa
Authors: Zahara Nelsi , Hartini  , Kholilah Harahap Emmi
Published: February 2025

This study aims to solve the problems that occur in the field regarding learning motivation and social emotional relationships, namely that there are some students who still have difficulty accepting the lesson material. The research method used in this study with a qualitative approach with the subjects in this study being SMP Negeri 3 Rejang Lebong. Data collection techniques using documentation, interviews, observation and documentation. The results of this study indicate that students' learning motivation and social emotional relationships can be categorized as low. This can be seen from students' learning motivation, namely students have difficulty accepting the lesson material given by the teacher, students do not like the teacher's teaching method. While seen from students' social emotional relationships, students often fight for reasons of taking their friends' things, fighting over girlfriends, making noise in class, teasing each other between friends and there are students who play with different friends in other classes.
Implementasi Strategi Manajemen Pendidikan Dalam Mengembangkan Kualitas Pengajaran di RA Nurul Falah
Authors: Nurhayati  , Nurjanah  , Siska Rara , Amelia Rosa , Permana Hinggil
Published: February 2025

This study examines the implementation of educational management strategies in developing teaching quality in RA Nurul Falah Sunyar Karawang. The educational management strategies implemented include competency-based curriculum planning, teacher professional development, and periodic evaluation and supervision. The main focus of this research is to analyze the effectiveness of these strategies in developing teaching quality and their impact on the teaching and learning process in the RA. The research method used is a case study with a qualitative approach. The subjects of this research were several teachers and the principal of RA Nurul Salah Sunyar Karawang. Data collection techniques were carried out using observation, interview, and documentation methods. The results showed that the implementation of planned and systematic education management strategies was able to significantly improve teaching quality, with indicators of increased teacher competence, the application of more innovative teaching methods, and increased parent and student satisfaction. This study provides recommendations for further development of managerial strategies to continue developing teaching quality in RA Nurul Falah Sunyar and similar educational institutions.
Analisis Kebutuhan Media Pembelajaran Quiziz Pada Materi Peradilan Islam Dan Hikmahnya
Authors: Dian nur hikmah  , Fadhila Herniyanti Nor
Published: February 2025

This research focuses on the development of technology-based teaching media, namely Quizizz, in learning Islamic Justice material and its wisdom in class XI MA Darul Amin Palangka Raya. Technology has the potential to improve the quality of learning when applied appropriately. Although the majority of students (58.3%) feel that they do not need this technology-based media, there are 41.7% of students who feel that the use of Quizizz can support their learning process. Factors that affect student disinterest include differences in learning styles, lack of familiarity with technology, and limited access. On the other hand, students who support the use of Quizizz consider it an interactive, fun, and flexible learning medium that allows independent and flexible learning. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method to measure students' needs and perceptions of the use of Quizizz. Data collection techniques are carried out through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study show that this technology-based teaching medium can help increase.
Implementasi Game Edukasi Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Siswa Dalam Pembelajaran PAI Di Era Digital
Authors: Abdillah Muhammad Ilham , Luqna Hunaida Wiwin , Muqit Abdul
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the implementation of educational games in Islamic Education (PAI) learning in the digital era to improve students' understanding at SMPN 1 Krian. The use of educational games such as Kahoot! and Quizizz was chosen to create an interactive and enjoyable learning experience, focusing on increasing student engagement and strengthening understanding of PAI concepts such as fiqh, aqidah, and morality. This research uses a qualitative-descriptive approach, where data were collected through observations, interviews with teachers and students. The results show that the use of educational games in PAI learning successfully increased students' learning motivation, deepened their understanding of the material taught, and created a more dynamic learning atmosphere. Instant feedback provided through educational game platforms helped students quickly correct their mistakes and enhanced active participation in class. Thus, the implementation of educational games has proven effective in supporting PAI learning at SMPN 1 Krian and is relevant to technological developments in the digital era.
Peran Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam Dalam Meningkatkan Etika Siswa di SMKN 1 Tembilahan Hulu
Authors: Zulkifli
Published: February 2025

Ethics are a set of rules and principles of human life. The good and bad of a person is seen from the ethics or character that he has. Therefore, the process of forming ethics or character must be carried out by educating, guiding and getting used to it continuously so that students have good ethics. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of Islamic religious education teachers in improving student ethics. The research used is Quantitative research, data collection techniques used in this study are observation and documentation. The results of the analysis of the study through observation are 85% which is categorized as "Very Good" because it is in the interval 81% - 100%. So it can be concluded that the role of Islamic religious education teachers in improving student ethics is categorized as very good.
Implementasi Pengelolaan Kelas pada Mata Pelajaran PAI
Authors: Pajria Siti Zahra , Karyawati Lilis , Karnia Nia
Published: February 2025

This research aims to deeply explore and reveal how the implementation of classroom management is applied in the teaching and learning activities of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) subjects at SMP Negeri 2 Karawang Timur. A qualitative method with a case study design is employed, utilizing classroom observations, interviews with both teachers and students, as well as analyzing various relevant documents to collect research data. The results indicate that PAI teachers at SMP Negeri 2 Karawang Timur have successfully implemented classroom management effectively, as evidenced by their ability to organize classes during PAI teaching and learning activities effectively. The classrooms are well-organized, and the instructional aids provided by the school are used effectively. Efforts to address challenges and difficulties in classroom management, particularly in teaching PAI in Grade VIII, involve reaching an agreement on classroom learning contracts developed and approved jointly by teachers and students.
SIMULASI MODEL ANTREAN MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN ALGORITMA FIFO DI KANTIN SEKOLAH (STUDI KASUS: SMA MANDIRI BALARAJA)
Authors: Darip Mochammad , Rohman Ali , Rudianto  , Untirtha Pratama Gerald , Hidayatullah Muhamad
Published: February 2025

Antrian panjang di kantin sekolah merupakan masalah yang perlu diatasi demi meningkatkan kenyamanan dan pelayanan kepada siswa. Dalam upaya mengatasi masalah tersebut, teknologi berbasis struktur data queue dengan pendekatan FIFO dapat dijadikan solusi, meski terlihat sederhana tetapi sangat efektif. Model ini memungkinkan simulasi dan pengelolaan antrian secara sistematis, sehingga siswa dapat dilayani lebih cepat dan adil. Simulasi ini memberikan gambaran tentang pola antrian, waktu tunggu rata-rata, dan efisiensi layanan, serta menjadi alat bantu bagi pengelola kantin dalam merancang sistem yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini mengumpulkan data dari kondisi aktual kantin selama jam istirahat, termasuk jumlah siswa yang mengantri, waktu transaksi, dan durasi antrian. Simulasi berbasis algoritma queue diterapkan untuk menganalisis berbagai skenario. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa algoritma FIFO mampu mengurangi waktu tunggu hingga 3% dengan tingkat keberhasilan sistem tetap stabil di angka 90% terutama saat jam sibuk.
Cardboard Technical Research and Developments at Delft University of Technology
Authors: Eekhout Mick
Published: February 2025

Cardboard research at the TU Delft is performed by 4 researchers, who divide their interest between, fundamental research, technology development and application designs. However these domains have strong relationships and need one another in order to become effective. The research in cardboard has 8 or 9 different aspects to cover all relevant aspects in architecture. The approach at the TU Delft is methodical; one of these methods is based on the development of new products and could give a proper lead to efficient product development, even in new territories. At the end a number of 12 different questions are posed on aspects that matter in fundamental research; 14 on development questions and another 14 on design questions. With these 42 questions research could be efficient and permanent for the coming 5 years. The industry should respond to these questions by selection and support. If not, the TU Delft has its own preferences.
The Cardboard Dome as an Example of an Engineers Approach
Authors: Eekhout Mick
Published: February 2025

Designing is an incredible experience. Looking for new solutions for posed problems challenges you to keep on improving yourself and others. It is a continuous course of action: you will always regard issues and situations with ‘designer-eyes’, often resulting in passion and enthusiasm.
Cardboard in Architecture; an Overview
Authors: van Dooren Elise  , Verheijen Fons
Published: February 2025

The image of cardboard still remains that of a packaging material, but in the last few years, at home and abroad, different projects have been built using cardboard. This article gives a broad spectrum of projects and products using cardboard.
Structural Engineering and Design in Paper and Cardboard - Approaches and Projects
Authors: Gribbon Helen  , Foerster Florian
Published: February 2025

The following paper outlines approaches to the use of cardboard in structural design and construction and illustrates its successful use on a number of example projects. The paper summarises and illustrates the experience gained in cardboard design by the multi disciplinary engineering company Buro Happold Ltd.
The Future Envelope
Authors: Knaack Ulrich
Published: February 2025

Research in the field of façade technology has to be orientated on the current topics energy, ecology and efficiency as key items for demands on the design. Existing façade technology, after 60 years of curtain walls and 30 years of element façades, lacks new impulses and strategies for ground breaking developments. As a result, the “Façade Research Group” at the Faculty of Architecture / TU Delft has been developed and established with a focus on problem-orientated research solutions, experimental projects, planning tools, possibilities of technology transfer and future and innovative developments.
Different Futures
Authors: Lieverse Bert
Published: February 2025

The façade industry is an important stakeholder in the development of the future facade. Every facade design will finally pass by the industry for final execution. The façade industry is the origin for many new developments, always eager to bring it to a certain level of standardization in order to make it accessible for a broader market.
The Future Envelope
Authors: Cohen Michiel  , Heijnis Joost
Published: February 2025

How can we think about façade design and development without thinking about architecture? The goal of Ir. Michiel Cohen, as principal of Cepezed, is to create efficient and lightweight buildings. According to his philosophy, it is essential to know and control the entire building process in order to create customized facades with the necessary respect for industry and standardization.
Future for Façade Research at TU Delft
Authors: Eekhout Mick
Published: February 2025

As a specialist in façade design and the execution of special constructions, Prof. Dr. ir. Mick Eekhout took on the role of head of research of the department Building Technology within the Faculty of Architecture / TU Delft. Research as one of the driving forces in façade innovation is placed in an overall larger picture. He describes his efforts to combine forces within and between the department, faculty, university and national institutions: a necessity when trying to establish a strong and fruitful research environment.
Future Envelopes from Imagination to Realization
Authors: Techen Holger
Published: February 2025

The multidisciplinary approach serves numerous goals. It is not only mandatory to fulfill the requirements of such a complex topic as facade construction with its many participants from various disciplines, but is also the basis for a multifaceted search for new strategies and approachs.
The Future Envelope and Design Methodology
Authors: Poelman Wim
Published: February 2025

Dr. ir. Wim Poelman, as material specialist and product designer, focuses on strategies, methods and tools for the design process. In the field of industrial design, methodology plays a significantly role, whereas in architecture methodology, unfortunately, seems to be underestimated topic. This chapter gives a stimulating overview of the potential of this approach for the future facade. It offers the possibility to see the façade as what it actually is – an industrial product.
Computer-interpretable Guideline Formalisms
Authors: De Clercq Paul  , Kaiser Katharina  , Hasman Arie
Published: February 2025

Implementing Computer-Interpretable Guidelines (CIGs) in active computer-based decision support systems promises to improve the acceptance and application of guidelines in daily practice. The model and underlying language are the core characteristics of every CIG approach. However, currently no standard model or language has been accepted by the CIG community. This aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of well-known approaches and to formulate a set of (minimal) requirements that can be used in the process of developing new CIG approaches or improving existing ones. It presents five CIG approaches (the Arden Syntax, GLIF, PROforma, Asbru and EON), followed by a general discussion of the strong points of each approach as well as their implications for future research.
Simultaneous Learning and Recalling System for Wholebody Motion of a Humanoid with Soft Sensor Flesh
Authors: Yoshikai Tomoaki  , Hayashi Marika  , Inaba Masayuki
Published: February 2025

In order for robots to be taught new motions by human beings in any time they are directly touched, seamless ongoing learning system is necessary. In this paper, we focus on constructing ongoing learning system with simultaneous learning and recalling function for acquiring whole-body posture. Here, learning state monitor that checks a desirable state for learning and controlling when to learn continuously, a fast neural network model dealing with temporal correlative relationships, and a humanoid with soft sensor flesh that can enable itself to detect the touched place and to adapt to the humans, are key issues. Furthermore, proposed system is confirmed by a simultaneous learning and recalling experiment using an actual humanoid with soft sensor flesh.
Towards Adaptive Multi-Robot Coordination Based on Resource Expenditure Velocity
Authors: Erusalimchik Dan  , Kaminka Gal A.
Published: February 2025

In the research area of multi-robot systems, several researchers have reported on consistent success in using heuristic measures to improve loose coordination in teams, by minimizing coordination costs using various heuristic techniques. While these heuristic methods has proven successful in several domains, they have never been formalized, nor have they been put in context of existing work on adaptation and learning. As a result, the conditions for their use remain unknown. We posit that in fact all of these different heuristic methods are instances of reinforcement learning in a one-stage MDP game, with the specific heuristic functions used as rewards. We show that a specific reward function—which we call Effectiveness Index (EI)—is an appropriate reward function for learning to select between coordination methods. EI estimates the resource-spending velocity by a coordination algorithm, and allows minimization of this velocity using familiar reinforcement learning algorithms (in our case, Q-learning in one-stage MDP). The paper analytically and empirically argues for the use of EI by proving that under certain conditions, maximizing this reward leads to greater utility in the task. We report on initial experiments that demonstrate that EI indeed overcomes limitations in previous work, and outperforms it in different cases.
A Multiple Walking Person Tracker for Laser-Equipped Mobile Robots
Authors: Tsokas Nicolas A.  , Kyriakopoulos Kostas J.
Published: February 2025

The presented algorithm keeps track of people walking within the field of view of a laser rangefinder while constructing a short-term model of the static environment. Background detection does not require a learning phase and is based on the extraction of simple geometric shapes and on the notion of their vitality introduced in this study. Object tracking is based on Multiple Hypothesis Tracking and Kalman Filtering, whereas separate Kalman Filters follow people's trajectories. The proposed method is experimentally evaluated.
Marker placement for movement analysis in Scoliotic patients: A critical analysis of existing systems
Authors: Chockalingam N.  , Chevalier T.L.  , Young M.K.  , Dangerfield P.H.
Published: February 2025

Optoelectronic movement analysis systems has provided an opportunity for a detailed study of both normal and abnormal human walking and has contributed to the planning and documentation of corrective surgical procedures. The majority of reported studies have been on the study of lower limbs which, consequently, have received most attention in movement analysis. In contrast, movement of the trunk and pelvis, important in the identification of spinal mobility and maintaining posture, have received limited attention in relation to clinical conditions such as scoliosis. Any movement analysis requires the identification of anatomical landmarks which are essential contributing factors to the accuracy of the analysis. While there are a plethora of studies on marker placements for the lower limbs, there is a paucity of information on the marker locations for spinal analysis. Present study examines a set of markers previously reported in the literature and examines their usefulness in scoliotic gait analysis. The findings highlight the drawbacks in previously reported techniques and leads to the proposal of a new marker set for spine and back movement analysis.
Knowledge about Idiopathic Scoliosis Among Students of Physiotherapy
Authors: Ciazynski D.  , Czernicki K.  , Durmala J.
Published: February 2025

The aim of the study was to determine the level of basic knowledge about idiopathic scoliosis (IS) among students of physiotherapy. The study included 37 students of Medical University of Silesia (17F and 20M aged 22–25, mean 22.6), attending the 3rdyear of a 1stdegree of physiotherapy. All students had credits in kinesiotherapy, including methods of conservative treatment of IS. Students were examined using a questionnaire, comprising general knowledge of IS, questions related to sagittal plane correction, influence of various physical activities on IS and known methods of conservative treatment. 81 students considered IS as 3-D deformity. 62.2% of those questioned would diagnose IS when the Cobb angle reaches 10°. All students agreed that the aetiology of IS remains unknown. 54.1% considered forcible extensory exercises of back as favourable in IS. Questioned students mostly preferred swimming (94.6%), yoga (73.0%) and martial arts (32.4%) as beneficial to IS. The methods of conservative treatment which were known best were: Lehnert-Schroth-Weiss (94.6%), Klapp (91.9%), Majoch (89.2%) and Dobosiewicz (78.4%). The conclusions indicate that the average level of knowledge of idiopathic scoliosis among students of physiotherapy is unsatisfactory, despite the education programme including the SOSORT guidelines. Education in the field of scoliosis should be comprehensive and meet contemporary guidelines and standards.
Preliminary Validation of Curve Progression Model for Brace Treatment
Authors: Lou E.  , Hill D.  , Parent E.  , Raso J.  , Mahood J.  , Moreau M.  , Hedden D.
Published: February 2025

Brace treatment is the most commonly used non-surgical treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). A brace compliance monitoring system consisting of a microcomputer and a force transducer was used to monitor how brace candidates used their braces during daily activates. A prediction model of the brace treatment outcome was developed based on 20 AIS subjects. Six subjects (1M, 5F) with AIS who had worn their braces for six weeks participated into this study. One month data was recorded during the study period. Knowing the risk progression at the beginning of brace treatment plus how brace subjects used their braces in terms of brace tightness and wear time during brace treatment yielded a predicted outcome which was compared to the final treatment outcomes with 2 years followed-up. This preliminary result demonstrated that the prediction model was able to predict the treatment outcome within ±3.5 degrees.
Conservative scoliosis treatment in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome
Authors: Weiss H.-R.  , Bohr S.
Published: February 2025

Patients with Prader-Willi syndrome often suffer from scoliosis of major degrees. Due to current literature surgical intervention seems the gold standard of treatment although the rate of complications in this condition are reported to be significantly higher than in patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis. Purpose of this study was to reveal the effects of conservative treatment in this rare patient population.
US and European Risser grading systems: which one best predict the curve acceleration phase in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis?
Authors: Nault M.L.  , Parent S.  , Labelle H.  , Roy-Beaudry M.  , Rivard M.
Published: February 2025

European Risser grading system divided the iliac crest into thirds and US system in quarters. Tanner-Whitehouse III (TWIII) method assess skeletal age based on wrist and small bones of the hand. A DSA score between 400 and 425 corresponds to the beginning of the curve acceleration phase in AIS1. First objective was to assess disagreement between the two grading system. Secondly, estimate which of the Risser grading system best predicts a DSA of 400–425. 103 AIS patients had a PA and lateral x-rays of the spine and a left hand and wrist. Risser sign was measured according to both grading system and bone age was calculated according to TWIII method. Kappa statistics and 2 multiple linear regression model with 5 indicators for Risser sign were performed. Kappa statistic between the US and European system was 0.674 (good agreement). Correlations between each system and DSA were 0.71. Risser 1 was the best predictor of the curve acceleration phase. DSA scores predicted with Risser 1 were 417 and 415 for US and European system respectively. This study showed a good agreement between US and European grading systems. Risser 1 best predicts the curve acceleration phase with both systems. Worldwide database are being created including the Risser sign, it is relevant to know that there is no difference between both grading systems. The DSA is not currently used in clinic, thus a closer follow-up should begin at Risser 1 since it represents curve acceleration phase.
The Relationship Between RANKL/OPG and the Decreased Bone Mass in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients
Authors: Liu Z.  , Qiu Y.  , Wang B.  , Ma W.  , Zhu F.  , Zhu Z.  , Yu Y.  , Qian B.
Published: February 2025

Osteoporosis is defined as an absolute decrease in total-body bone mass. Some investigators have reported that the prevalence of scoliosis was statistically higher in women with osteoporosis than in the general geriatric population. This study included 30 AIS patients and 14 healthy age-matched non-scoliosis adolescents. The average Cobb angle of AIS group was 52.7°. BMD of the lumbar spine and proximal femur was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in two groups. From anterior superior iliac spine, the human bone marrow was obtained with anticoagulation by heparine. And the MSCs were isolated by density gradient centrifuge from the mononuclear cells, and then were cultivated and serial subcultivated in vitro. Expression intensity of RANKL and OPG of MSCs was detected by RT-PCR. BMD of the lumbar spine (L2~L4) and proximal femur was obviously lower in AIS group than that of the control group. Increased expression of RANKL and decreased expression of OPG were found in MSCs in AIS group as compared with the control group (P<0.01). The abnormal expression of RANKL and OPG of MSCs may be responsible for the molecular mechanism of the decreased bone mass of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients.
The Effect on the Intervertebral Pressure Distribution in a Goat Spine upon Implementation of a Spring-Like Device
Authors: Liu X.C.  , Rizza R.  , Thometz J.  , Tassone C.  , Lyon R.
Published: February 2025

The objective of this study was to implement a computer model to evaluate the effect of instrument stiffness on the intervertebral pressure during tensile loading on a goat spine. Seven spines (4 different goats, aged 4 to 7 months) were divided into four segments. With end vertebrae cemented in a customized fixture for MTS®, a spring was screwed into the right side of the spine. A pressure matrix with 4 sensors was inserted into the disc space. The compressive load (150 N) was decreased by slowly applying a tensile force until the net force was zero. A computer model of two vertebrae, one disc and a 10 or 20 N/mm spring was developed using Patran/Nastran® and the in-vitro tests. Figure 1 and 2 show that for a 50 N compressive force, the intervertebral pressure increased for the 20 N/mm instrument as compared to 10 N/mm instrument. Computer modeling indicates that the intervertebral pressure for an instrumented spine is affected by resistance of the applied force and shifted toward the non-instrumented side. The model predicts the relationship between instrument stiffness and intervertebral pressure distribution, which will be critical in determining the impact of stiffness on the growth plate. Compared to the instrument with a stiffness of 10 N/mm, the 20 N/mm instrument, has an increased intervertebral stress that may further affect the modulation of the physis during growth.
ELEVATED PLASMA FACTOR P IS INVOLVED IN IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS ONSET AND CURVE PROGRESSION
Authors: Moreau A.  , Franco A.  , Azeddine B.  , Rompré P.H.  , Turgeon I.  , Bagnall K.M.  , Poitras B.  , Labelle H.  , Rivard C.-H.  , Grimard G.  , Ouellet J.  , Parent S.  , Larouche G.  , Lacroix G.
Published: February 2025

The study of the molecular changes occurring in pinealectomized chickens revealed an increased production of Factor P in paraspinal muscles of scoliotic chickens. This prompted us to investigate the involvement of Factor P, a multifunctional cytokine, in AIS pathomechanism. A group of 159 consecutive patients with AIS were compared with 35 healthy control subjects without any family antecedent for scoliosis and 70 asymptomatic offspring, born from at least one scoliotic parent, and who are considered at risk of developing a scoliosis. Plasma Factor P and soluble Factor P receptor (sFPR) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Mean plasma Factor P concentrations in patients with AIS were significantly higher (p-value <0.001) in patients with AIS having a Cobb's angle >45° (1152.55±378.48 ng/mL) than AIS patients with a Cobb's angle <45° (749.77±313.18 ng/mL) or in healthy controls (561.47±150.77 ng/mL). Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of Factor P for AIS was 84.4 percent and 90.6 percent respectively (cut-off value ≥800 ng/mL). Interestingly, 49.2% of asymptomatic children at risk had Factor P values higher than 800 ng/mL (mean value of 1019.61±424.13 ng/mL) as opposed to only 8.6% for the controls indicating that elevated plasma Factor P levels precede AIS onset. There were no significant differences in mean plasma sFPR levels between all groups. Our clinical data suggest that elevated plasma Factor P concentration could be a useful marker for diagnosis of AIS and prognosis of curve progression.
The Urban Validity of Modern Experiences
Authors: Blasco Sánchez Carmen  , Martínez Pérez Francisco  , Deltoro Soto Julia
Published: February 2025

The Forms of Relationship with the Territory; The Urban Structure; The Compositive Units; Notes