bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticle from Mushroom Exopolysaccharides and its Potentials in Water Purification
Authors: Adeeyo Adeyemi Ojutalayo , Odiyo John Ogony
Published: September 2018

Objective:

This study reports a novel eco-friendly biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Exopolysaccharides (EPS) ofLentinus edodesafter an attempt to optimise the production of EPS through mutagenesis. It further describes some potential application of silver nanoparticles in water treatment.

Methods:

A wild strain ofL. edodeswas subjected to UV irradiation, a physical mutagen, at 254 nm. The wild and resultant irradiated strains were then assessed for the production of EPS and subsequent application of the crude EPSs for biosynthesis of AgNPs. The particles were characterised by colour pattern and UV-visible spectroscopy. Based on superior EPS production and nanoparticle attributes, nanoparticles obtained from UV irradiated process were further subjected to Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). EPS produced was quantified by the phenol-sulphuric acid method and studied by GC-MS.

Results:

Results obtained for EPS productivity indicated the presence of monomer sugars such as arabinose (50.65%), mannose (19.20%), mannitol (15.58%), fructose (7.96%), trehalose (6.49%), and glucuronic acid, xylose, galactose and glucose with low percentages of ≤ 0.11. EPS productivity of wild and mutant strains was obtained as 1.044 and 2.783 mg/ml, respectively, after 7 days of fermentation. The result of EPS production for UV irradiated strain corresponds to a yield improvement of 2.7 fold of the wild-type. UV Spectroscopy and SEM analysis studies on EPS nanoparticle product of the improved (UV irradiated) strain indicated the formation of AgNPs at the absorption band of 421 nm with a size range of 50-100 nm.

Conclusion:

This study, which aimed at eco-friendly synthesis of myco-nanoparticle has established the novel ability ofL. edodes’polysaccharide in silver nanoparticles biosynthesis. It expounded potential frontiers of silver nanoparticles application in the water industry. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this result represents the first report on the biosynthesis of AgNPs usingL. edode’sEPS.
Ventilation via Narrow-Bore Catheters: Clinical and Technical Perspectives on the Ventrain Ventilation System
Authors: Doyle D. John
Published: September 2018

This brief review of the Ventrain ventilation system summarizes the main clinical and technical aspects of the device, with special emphasis on its role in the “Cannot Intubate, Cannot Oxygenate“ situation and in surgery involving the airway. Animal and bench studies characterizing the performance of the device, which is based on Bernoulli's Principle, are also discussed. It is concluded that as clinical experience is accumulated that this new device will play a special role in clinical airway management.
Characterization and Treatment of Mine Drainage
Authors: Wei Xinchao , Zhang Shicheng , Han Yuexin , Wolfe F. Andrew
Published: September 2018

The recent research and development on mine drainage published in 2017 was summarized in this review. In particular, this review was focused on three main aspects: 1) mine drainage and its environmental impact, 2) prediction and prevention, and 3) treatment technologies. The first section covers physiochemical characterization, microbiological characterization, and environmental impacts. The second section includes mine drainage prediction and prevention. The final section focuses physiochemical treatment, biological treatment, passive treatment, and beneficial uses of mine drainage and treatment wastes.
Oxygen exposures at NASA’s Neutral Buoyancy Lab: a 20-year experience
Authors:   School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California U.S., Walker Shane C. , Garbino Alejandro ,   University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, Ray Kristi ,   College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, Florida, Fitzpatrick Daniel T. ,   Medical Director, NASA Neutral Buoyancy Lab, Houston, Texas, Hardwick Renny ,   Raytheon Technical Services, Houston, Texas,   Sonny Carter Training Facility, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas, Sanders Robert W. ,   University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas,   Medical Director, NASA Neutral Buoyancy Lab, Houston, Texas
Published: September 2018

Astronauts training for extravehicular activity (EVA) operations can spend many hours submerged underwater in a pressurized suit, called an extravehicular mobility unit (EMU), exposed to pressures exceeding 2 atmospheres absolute (ATA). To minimize the risk of decompression sickness (DCS) a 46% nitrox mixture is used. This limits the nitrogen partial pressure, decreasing the risk of DCS. The trade-off with using a 46% nitrox mixture is the increased potential for oxygen toxicity, which can lead to severe neurologic symptoms including seizures. Suited runs, which typically expose astronauts of 0.9-1.1 ATA for longer than six hours, routinely exceed the recommendation for central nervous system oxygen toxicity limits (CNSOTL) published by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Fortunately, in over 50,000 hours of suited training dives spanning 20 years of EVA training operations at NASA’s Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory (NBL) there has never been an occurrence of oxygen toxicity. This lends support to anecdotal sentiment among certain members of the hyperbaric community that the NOAA CNSOTL recommendations might be overly conservative, at least for the oxygen pressure and time regime in which NBL operates. The NOAA CNSOTL recommendations are the result of expert consensus with a focus on safety and do not necessarily reflect rigorous experimental evidence. The data from the NBL suited dive operations provide a foundation of evidence that can help inform the expert discussion on dive-related neurologic oxygen toxicity performance and over-night recovery in young, healthy males.
Between Agony and Ecstasy: Investigations into the Meaning of Pain
Authors: Barbara Macek
Published: September 2018

Pains are moving, alluring us to world-making-activities, attuning our bodies with other bodies and therefore putting us in relation to others. Pains cut into our net of habits, and even the slightest pain causes a transformation. Pains are crushing, deeply distressing, showing us our limitations – but also our capability to go beyond our limits, to outgrow ourselves.
In the course of my literary research for this project I generated 10 PAIN CATEGORIES that I derived from poems, philosophical and literary texts on pain, and my own experiences. These poetical/pictorial categories differ profoundly from pain categories as they are to be found in common pain questionnaires: They refer to the existential dimension of pain and do not differentiate between physical and mental pain in order to overcome the myth of this dichotomy. The next step of my project consisted in going into the field to look at, imagine and feel into pain. I conducted methodical observations in the casualty departments of two Viennese hospitals and developed my own method of "self-reflective observation in the mode of seeing/feeling". The assemblages as part of this exposition present the results of these investigations and reconstruct different perspectives on PAIN as an EXISTENTIAL PHENOMENON.
Anarchiving (in) Ben Patterson's Variations for Double-Bass
Authors: Christopher Williams
Published: September 2018

Here I employ techniques of anarchiving to explore the dynamics of notation, improvisatory performance, and analysis in Fluxus artist Ben Patterson's Variations for Double-Bass (1961). Coined by process philosophers Erin Manning and Brian Massumi, the concept of the anarchive refers to "a repertory of traces of collaborative research-creation events. The traces are not inert, but are carriers of potential." Variations' proto-anarchival qualities drive the structure of the exposition, which includes superimposed video documentation from my own performances, as well as brief analytical texts and performance instructions for the reader. I hope that this meta-anarchival process both sheds light on Patterson's work, and shows how documentation and analysis in the spirit of the anarchive can propel experimental (musical) practice forward in unexpected ways.
The significance of collateral circulation in acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Slankamenac Petar , Zivanovic Zeljko
Published: September 2018

nema
Evaluation of the cognitive and affective status in hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure
Authors: Jakovljevic Aleksandra , Nestorovic Vojkan , Dejanovic Mirjana , Bukumiric Zoran , Jakovljevic Aleksandar , Djokovic Novica
Published: September 2018

Introduction. Hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure, suffer from
affective dysfunction to a variable extent. The aim of our study was to
evaluate the cognitive and affective status in patients before and after
hemodialysis. Apart from this, the goal of the study was to examine and
compare the cognitive status of patients on dialysis in relation to the
control group, but also in relation to laboratory parameters. Material and
Methods. This research was a prospective study including 30 hemodialysis
patients with chronic renal failure treated at the Department of Nephrology
of the Health Center in Kosovska Mitrovica. The cognitive status of the
subjects was evalueted by determining the simple reaction time to auditory
and visual stimuli before and after hemodialysis sessions and using the Mini
Mental Status Examination, while the affective status was evalueted by using
the Beck Depression Inventory. Results. The analysis of the obtained results
showed a statistically significantly lower auditory and visual simple
reaction times (p = 0.014) after dialysis (p = 0.023). The results have
confirmed a statistically significantly decreased simple reaction time to
visual stimuli (p = 0.001), while a statistical significance (p = 0.137) was
not obtained for the auditory stimuli when compared to the control group.
The Mini Mental Status Examination and the Beck Depression Inventory did
not indicate a significant cognitive status damage or presence of
depression. Conclusion. The importance of hemodialysis in the improvement of
cognitive function is clearly evident, even though the general state of
cognitive status in patients on hemodialysis is lower compared to the
healthy population. Evaluation of the cognitive and affective status using
simple reaction time, Folstein?s Mini Mental State Examination and the Beck
Depression Inventory, should be used on daily basis in hemodialysis
patients.
Work with children with disabilities - the teachers’ attitudes towards inclusion
Authors: Protic-Gava Branka , Boskovic Ksenija , Smajic Miroslav , Simic-Panic Dusica , Naumovic Nada
Published: September 2018

Introduction. The aim of this paper was to determine the attitudes of
physical education teachers and primary school teachers towards inclusive
physical education in Serbia. Material and Methods. The research included
132 examinees of both genders: 59.09% females and 40.91% males. Data were
collected using an anonymous questionnaire with a 4-point Likert scale. The
questionnaire dealt with teachers? previous experience, their qualifications
for implementation of inclusive physical education, support and additional
training for realization of inclusive physical education. Data were
processed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20. Normality
distribution was tested by Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk test, whilst
the differences between groups (sexual dimorphism, environment, professional
orientation) were examined using Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests at
the significance level of p ? 0.05. Results. The findings showed that the
average scores were inclined towards positive attitudes to inclusive
physical education. The findings also showed that there was no statistically
significant gender-related difference of attitudes between physical
education teachers and primary school teachers. However, there was a
statistically significant difference related to geographical background in
terms of qualification levels (p = 0.02) for work with children with
disorders and disabilities, as well in terms of additional training (p =
0.02) and professional orientation, since physical education teachers have
less experience working with students with developmental disorders.
Conclusion. Both physical education teachers and primary school teachers
have positive attitudes towards inclusion. Physical education teachers have
less experience working with challenged students than primary school
teachers, therefore additional training programs may be required.
Satisfaction of complete denture wearers
Authors: Panchevska Sanja , Elenchevski Sasho , Janeva Nadica , Mijoska Aneta
Published: September 2018

Introduction. Conventional complete dentures are still the first choice in
the treatment of completely edentulous patients. Dissatisfaction among
complete denture wearers is not uncommon. The goal of this study was to
determine the causes of patients? dissatisfaction with complete dentures.
Material and Methods. A total of sixty patients participated in this study,
36 f?males (60%) and 24 males (40%). Twenty-five patients received their
first complete dentures, and fourteen of them had previously worn complete
dentures. In patients receiving complete dentures, there are many factors
contributing to their adaptation, acceptance and feeling discomfort while
wearing them. Conclusion. Our study showed that patients? satisfaction was
not directly related with the quality of complete dentures.
Residual efficacy of Deltamethrin against Sitophilus oryzae (L.), Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Sitotroga cerealella (Oliv.) in wheat grain
Authors: Prazic-Golic Marijana , Kljajic Petar , Andric Goran , Tamas Nenad , Prazic Stefan
Published: September 2018

Residual efficacy of the insecticide deltamethrin, an EC formulation
containing 25 g/L AI + 225 g/L PBO (piperonyl butoxide synergist), against
lab populations of Sitophilus oryzae, Rhyzopertha dominica, Tribolium
castaneum and Sitotroga cerealella was investigated in the laboratory by
applying product water solutions (0.25 mg AI/kg) to wheat grain (at 25?1?C
and 60?5% r.h.). Adult mortality on 0, 7, 14 and 30 days old deposits was
estimated after 2, 7 and 14 days of exposure to treated wheat grain and
additional 7 days of recovery. Progeny reduction (PR, %) was also assessed.
After 2 days of exposure to deposits of all ages, deltamethrin caused only
0-10% mortality of coleopterans (up to 37% after the recovery period) and
23-30% of S. cerealella, while mortality before and after recovery from 14
days of exposure was 95-50% for S. oryzae, 97-100% for R. dominica, 99-100%
for T. castaneum and 100% for S. cerealella. Progeny production of S. oryzae
was highest after parents contacted with 14 days old deposit of deltamethrin
(PR, 76%), and lowest after contact with fresh deposit (PR, 95%), while R.
dominica and T. castaneum had no progeny on any deltamethrin deposit age in
wheat (PR, 100%), and S. cerealella had only a very low progeny (PR, 99%).
The results showed that the synergised deltamethrin, applied at 0.25 mg/kg in
wheat grain, is a highly effective insecticide for storedproduct insect
control, while a higher dose is required for successful residual control of
S. oryzae.
Digital social innovation in support of spatial planning. An investigation through nine initiatives in three smart city programmes
Authors: Angelidou Margarita , Psaltoglou Artemis
Published: September 2018

This paper examines how technologically-enabled social innovation can support
spatial planning. Social innovation is a long-standing practice; however, in
recent years its popularity, importance and applications have increased due
to both the financial and social challenges that cities face, and due to
important technological advances. Digital Social Innovation (DSI), more
specifically, is increasingly penetrating smart city programmes and
strategies throughout the world. Through research into nine DSI initiatives
in the context of three smart city programmes (Amsterdam, Barcelona, New
York), we point out the functions and benefits of incorporating DSI in
spatial planning and trace its different levels and characteristics. The
conclusions suggest that: online and offline means are equally important in
DSI for spatial planning; the mix and degree of involvement of different
sectors varies significantly across DSI initiatives; spatial planning and
place making experts and professionals have a distinctive role within these
initiatives; and particular attention should be paid to scaling and uptake
issues.
Regulating market-led urban expansion in the new master plans of Sofia and Belgrade
Authors: Slaev Aleksandar , Zekovic Slavka , Kovachev Atanas , Maricic Tamara , Bajic Tanja
Published: September 2018

Like most European cities, cities in South-east Europe (SEE) have been
growing throughout the 20th century, however, since the end of the 1980s, the
mechanisms of urban growth and expansion have changed radically: from
development fully determined by central planning to market-led urban
development. This paper examines how planning in large SEE cities is coping
with the challenge to balance the action of the market and achieve planning
goals relating to the form of urban growth and expansion. As case studies we
analyse the master plans of Sofia and Belgrade and their implementation. We
have two research questions: first, whether planning in the two cities has
considered the role of the market when defining its objectives, measures and
solutions regarding the forms of urban growth and the development of in
suburban areas, and, second, whether planning has been able to influence the
market or cooperate with it in order to achieve its objectives in suburban
development.
Las campañas políticas de los diputados federales en México. Esfuerzos basados en los candidatos y en los partidos
Authors: Langston Joy K.
Published: September 2018

Este artículo analiza las distintas formas en las que los candidatos mexicanos al Congreso llevan a cabo sus campañas en distritos electorales uninominales. Con este propósito, se estudian tanto los incentivos de los líderes de partido, como la fuerte probabilidad de que los diputados y los senadores regresen a sus localidades para seguir con sus carreras políticas y, por tanto, el estudio no se limita ni a los efectos del sistema electoral ni a los periodos de mandato. El artículo sostiene que las teorías que sólo toman en cuenta las reglas electorales soslayan tanto la importancia de la dirigencia del partido, como las diferentes maneras en las que los diputados federales que pretenden cargos en el gobierno pueden continuar sus carreras políticas. A partir de una base de datos de las actividades de campaña de una muestra de candidatos de los tres principales partidos políticos de México, la primera parte del artículo plantea que los candidatos plurinominales tienen un papel activo en las campañas. En la segunda, el artículo explica que una vez que han hecho campaña en distritos competitivos y que han adquirido más experiencia personal, los candidatos emprenden actividades de votación más personales. Sin embargo, las oficinas nacionales de partido también participan activamente en las campañas federales de diputados y senadores, lo cual pone de relieve la naturaleza mixta de las campañas modernas.
An Implementation of Online Voting System using Okamoto-Uchiyama Encryption Scheme
Authors: Patil Sneha N. , Devmane Vidyullata
Published: September 2018

Electronic voting (e-Voting) has totally replaced the traditional voting system. Due to the rapid growth of computer networks and cloud computing the existing e-Voting system can be replaced with online voting system.When data is on cloud,the major challenge in voting system is confidentiality, security and accuracy. The advances in cryptography can be used to a face these challenges.  The presented work implements Okamoto-Uchiyama algorithm with its additive homomorphic property. This work focuses on serving voting system on large scale of voters. We have made our system more user friendly and faster but secured than existing systems.
Application of Prefabricated Concrete in Residential Buildings and its Safety Management
Authors: Jiao L. , Li X.D.
Published: September 2018

With the development of the society in recent years, there are more and more housing construction areas. The traditional concrete has not been able to satisfy the demand of housing construction. In this study, prefabricated concrete was applied in the design of assembling style houses considering their characteristics, and its economic, environmental and social benefits were analyzed combining risk matrix evaluation method and management strategy. It was found that the use of prefabricated concrete as a building material could effectively shorten the construction period, reduce the construction cost and improve the construction safety, playing a role of energy saving and environmental protection. Therefore it was concluded that prefabricated concrete can improve the efficiency of construction, reduce environmental pollution and save energy. This work provides a reference for the application of prefabricated concrete in residential buildings and its safety management.
Percepção social sobre gestão ambiental em assentamentos rurais no norte do paraná e no Pontal do Paranapanema
Authors: Norder Luiz Antonio , Ursi Maurício Ventura
Published: September 2018

Este texto apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa quantitativa realizada a partir de questionários estruturados, aplicados em amostragem aleatória, que abrange as regiões do Pontal do Paranapanema (SP) e do Norte do Paraná, com a finalidade de caracterizar a percepção de assentados e técnicos extensionistas sobre os serviços de extensão e alguns componentes de gestão ambiental: tratamento de esgoto, resíduos sólidos, erosão, assoreamento, embalagens de agrotóxicos e arborização de espaços habitados. Foram também incluídas informações sobre percepções de qualidade habitacional. A pesquisa evidencia que, embora haja a identificação, por parte de assentados e extensionistas, de diversos problemas ambientais nos assentamentos, predomina a percepção de que há uma grande limitação nas ações de extensão rural voltadas para estes problemas.
SOCIOLOGIA VIVA: Uma Proposta de construção de uma Rede Latino-americana de Observatórios Fundiários e Núcleos de pesquisa e extensão focados em situações de conflito agroambientais rurais e nas lutas por terra
Authors: Motta Ribeiro Ana Maria , De Morais Hugo Belarmino , Andrade de Souza Maria José , Oguri Freitas Emmanuel
Published: September 2018

Pretende-se neste artigo refletir conjuntamente sobre uma perspectiva acadêmico-militante derivada da expertise dos pesquisadores para integração de atuações de apoio intelectual junto a movimentos sociais organizados em situações de conflito. Do ponto de vista teórico-metodológico, parte-se da compreensão histórica, social e pedagógica com que Edward Thompson interpreta a formação da classe a partir das experiências vivenciadas em cada situação datada e localizada de luta, que se articula com a importância de se aprender a ouvir e a registrar a fala do homem simples ou comum. Assumindo pressuposto destas reflexões a agência humana que vivencia processos de subalternização em situações de disputa e/ou confronto com a apropriação da natureza no mundo rural - ou de definição de territorialidades no meio urbano - delimita-se aqui como de interesse deste trabalho a abertura para reconhecimento de novos recortes e ferramentas metodológicas. Neste sentido, apresenta-se a experiência dos observatórios fundiários em seu processo atual de construção em rede a fim de ampliar a discussão sobre a validade e viabilidade da articulação de pesquisadores, extensionistas e seus núcleos de trabalho, sempre tendo como enfoque principal as situações de conflito.
Assentadas no circuito do Pronaf mulher: expressões da autonomia feminina?
Authors: Izidoro Laís Túbero , Ferrante Vera Lúcia Silveira Botta , Duval Henrique Carmona , Cardozo Daiane Roncato , De Lorenzo Helena Carvalho
Published: September 2018

O presente artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa que teve por objetivo verificar a operacionalização das políticas públicas voltadas para as mulheres, especialmente o Pronaf Mulher, buscando compreender os desafios de sua execução no assentamento Monte Alegre, Araraquara/SP. A metodologia foi composta de uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema, trabalho de campo a fim de se conhecer como ocorrem as relações de gênero no assentamento e a influência da política pública, aplicação de entrevistas com roteiro semiestruturado a mulheres assentadas e gestores. Procurou-se identificar os avanços e os entraves que ainda existem em relação à participação das mulheres nos espaços institucionais.  Como resultados, pode-se afirmar que o Pronaf Mulher não está sendo acessado pela maioria das trabalhadoras no assentamento pesquisado em função das assimetrias de poder existentes dentro do núcleo familiar das assentadas e no campo social do assentamento como um todo. A falta de informação e de diálogo nas relações entre assentadas e agentes técnicos foi apontada como um dos principais entraves de acesso das mulheres a esta política pública.
Mexican Anthropology and Inter-American Knowledge
Authors: Rosemblatt Karin Alejandra
Published: September 2018

This essay contributes to a fuller understanding of the history and future of area studies by tracing Latin American studies back to the early twentieth century, when it took form within academic disciplines that sought to contribute to state policy-making. The essay focuses on a set of intellectual exchanges between the United States and Mexico around Native American affairs. In an era in which new inter-American scientific venues and the Good Neighbor policy attenuated the inevitable and ever present intellectual hierarchies that divided the United States from Mexico and the rest of Latin America, some scholars found resemblances and parallels between North and South America. These scholars envisioned a cosmopolitan Americanist intellectual sphere based on horizontal forms of sharing, and they looked for novel ways of reconciling the avowed need for generalization with the particulars that they confronted at home and abroad. They found themselves unable to fully escape epistemological binds that positioned the North as a model of modern nationhood and a locus of universal knowledge, and that relegated non-Western nations like Mexico to the category of the particular. They could not overcome the difficulties spawned by hierarchies among nations and, concomitantly, among their own scholarly communities.
New Media and Support for Same-Sex Marriage
Authors: Díez Jordi , Dion Michelle L.
Published: September 2018

Research in advanced industrialized democracies on social attitudes toward same-sex marriage suggests that intergroup social contact and positive media coverage play an important role in promoting tolerance and support for same-sex marriage. Using AmericasBarometer survey data for eighteen countries in 2010, 2012, and 2014, this article examines the ways in which individual-level Internet use interacts with news exposure, country-level quality of democracy, Internet penetration, and their association with support for same-sex marriage. The results suggest that not only is Internet use associated with greater support for same-sex marriage, but that among those who both use the Internet and pay more attention to the news, the positive effects are amplified. In addition, national level of democracy, economic development, and Internet use are also associated with overall higher probabilities of supporting same-sex marriage. We find that Internet use has a strong positive association with the probability of supporting same-sex marriage as the percentage of the national population on the Internet increases. These findings extend our understanding of social and political tolerance of same-sex marriage in Latin America.
Hydroterritorial Configuration and Confrontation: The Daule-Peripa Multipurpose Hydraulic Scheme in Coastal Ecuador
Authors: Hidalgo-Bastidas Juan Pablo , Boelens Rutgerd , Isch Edgar
Published: September 2018

There is a forceful new impetus toward mega-hydraulic projects in Latin America, which are booming but also highly controversial. They bring benefits to some social groups while many others are negatively affected. Technocratic discourses are dominant in the region; they strategically mobilize institutions, infrastructure, money, and knowledge to present particular hydrosocial territorial imaginaries—such as multipurpose dams—as natural, universal, and politically neutral. Meanwhile, affected local communities commonly envision and practice different discourses, values, and worldviews, based on contextualized notions of well-being and territoriality. Using a political ecology perspective, this article examines how the Daule-Peripa mega-hydraulic scheme—Ecuador’s “hydraulic heart”—has de- and repatterned the territory, producing new hierarchical relations and unequal distribution of socioenvironmental impacts. Though political discourses have changed throughout state-centralist and neoliberal époques, governmental policies and practices have continued and renewed their defense of mega-hydraulism. In turn, affected communities and families, through everyday territorial politics, respond and aim to rearrange the hydrosocial network in order to regain control over water, land, and territorial services.
Sentenced to Debt: Explaining Student Mobilization in Chile
Authors: Pavlic Rodolfo Disi
Published: September 2018

In 2011, Chilean students mobilized in the largest demonstrations since the country’s return to democracy. Students in some other Latin American countries have also carried out mass demonstrations in recent years. What explains students’ participation in mobilizations in Latin America? This article argues that financial grievances generated by neoliberal education policies and the massification of higher education are major causes of student protest participation. In addition, it shows how weak organizational linkages with ruling political parties increase the likelihood of mobilization. The theory is explored through a case study of higher education policy, student-party linkages, and student mobilization in Chile from 1990 to 2011. A statistical analysis of a survey of Chilean students demonstrates that a working-class background, using debt to finance education, and weak programmatic connections to parties in power are associated with higher levels of protest participation.
Information Communication Technologies in Teaching English as a Foreign Language: Analysing EFL Teachers’ TPACK in Czech Elementary Schools
Authors: Paneru Dev Raj
Published: September 2018

This qualitative study was carried out in five different elementary schools in the Czech Republic. It aimed to investigate how English as Foreign Language teachers developed teaching competence and practised information communication technology integration in classroom teaching. To this end, this study employed the idea of a Technology Pedagogy and Content Knowledge –TPACK -in-Action Model. It advocates a ‘learning by doing’ approach on (social) construction to better understand how teachers develop technological and/or computer-assisted language learning competency for teaching and practice in an English as a Foreign Language environment. Under this model, this study conducted qualitative analysis and found two different approaches in practice, which were categorised as Formal Practice and Functional Practice. The former involved a conservative mechanical practice of technology use in language teaching whereas the latter involved it in terms of (social) construction. According to analyses based on conservative practices, teachers expressed that mechanical TPACK in association with technology in classes limited the transmission of mechanical knowledge from English texts. In Functional Practice, however, teachers drawing upon alternative learning interactions expressed positive transformation results from TPACK, associated with the use of technologies integrated into class instructions as a collaborative tool for learning models. In these latter integrated practices, teachers’ perceptions, practices, and reflections in combining technologies in an English as a Foreign Language environment, as new literacy skills, identified an increase in the learner’s creative potential.
Interference Aware Routing Game for Cognitive Radio Ad-hoc Networks
Authors: Amiri-Doomari Soodeh , Mirjalily Ghasem , Abouei Jamshid
Published: September 2018

Cognitive radio is a new communication paradigm that is able to solve the problem of spectrum scarcity in wireless networks. In this paper, interference aware routing game, (IRG), is proposed that connects the ﬂow initiators to the destinations. A network formation game among secondary users (SUs) is formulated in which each secondary user aims to maximize its utility, while it reduces the aggregate interference on the primary users (PUs) and the end-to-end delay. In order to reduce the end-to-end delay and the accumulated interference, the IRG algorithm selects upstream neighbors in a view point of the sender. To model the interference between SUs, IRG uses the signal-to-interference-plus noise (SINR) model. The eﬀectiveness of the proposed algorithm is validated by evaluating the aggregate interference from SUs to the PUs and end-to-end delay. A comprehensive numerical evaluation is performed, which shows that the performance of the proposed algorithm is signiﬁcantly better than the Interference Aware Routing (IAR) using network formation game in cognitive radio mesh networks.
Interference Management using Power Control for Device-to-Device Communication in Future Cellular Network
Authors: Nugraha Toha Ardi , Pamungkas Muhammad Putra , Chamim Anna Nur Nazilah
Published: September 2018

There are many scenarios that have been proposed for ﬁfth generation (5G) networks. Some of them, if implemented, will bring fundamental changes at the architectural and node level. One example of such proposed technologies is device-to-device (D2D) communications which will change the nature of conventional cellular network design. D2D permits direct communication between two or more user devices without intervention of the base station (i.e. eNB). D2D can ensure network performance improvement over the traditional cellular network, because it can oﬄoad the mobile data trafﬁc from the other devices. However, applying D2D features in a cellular network will bring about more complex interference problems, since D2D communication uses the same band as its underlying cellular communication network. The aim of this research is to investigate interference-related problems caused by D2D communications, aﬀecting the underlying cellular networks, during downlink and uplink transmissions. The paper examines the use of power control methods to mitigate interference. A comparison is oﬀered between ﬁxed power level (FC) with or without power control, and adaptive power controls using two methods (AC1 and AC2), on a base station or on each of the D2D devices, based on the measured signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR). The simulation results show that both power control methods contribute to improvement of network performance. AC1 and AC2 can improve SINR by about 1 dB and 0.5 dB compared to FC in a downlink transmission, and by 0.5 dB in an uplink transmission.
“‘Type-Cast Set’: What Autobiographies of Latino/a Performers Show About Playing to (Stereo)Type ”
Authors: Mendez Susan
Published: September 2018

Through the autobiographies of Rita Moreno, Rosie Perez, and John Leguizamo, this essay establishes a trajectory of the utilization and reformation of stereotypes for Latino/a performers so as to make these texts part of the genre of life-writing within Latino/a literature. These actors have been struggling with the stereotypical roles they enact and have reformulated them to better represent the embodied experience of being Latino/a on the stage and screen for both their sake as the individual performer but also for their community as well. Keywords: Latino/a; stereotypical roles; performance on stage and screen; participatory resistance.
Growth curve Nopalea cochenillifera in fractionation function of cladodes using power regression model
Authors: LUCENA Leandro Ricardo Rodrigues de , PEREIRA Juliana De Souza , LEITE Maurício Luiz de Mello Vieira
Published: September 2018

In this work we evaluate the growth length of bud of Nopalea cochenillifera using five different forms of crops through power regression model. The adjusted models showed very similar estimates of lengths observed independent using of planting method. The power regression models showed coefficient of determination of model high 99.65% (treatment 1), 99.82% (treatment 2), 99.26% (treatment 3), 99.93% (treatment 4) and 99.34% (treatment 5). The power regression model proved effective to model the growth length of Nopalea cochenillifera of bud can generate strategies and plans for future plantings, as well useful information as: appropriate crop management, increased plant growth period and pest control.
OKUL YÖNETİCİLERİNİN ÖRGÜTSEL AFFEDİCİLİK DÜZEYLERİ
Authors: KONAN Necdet , NAZLI Kemal
Published: September 2018

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı okul yöneticilerinin örgütsel affedicilik düzeylerini
belirlemektir. Bununla birlikte, okul yöneticilerinin örgütsel affedicilik düzeylerinin
görev yaptıkları öğrenim basamağı, görev unvanı ve yöneticilikteki kıdemlerine
göre anlamlı farklılık gösterip göstermediği de araştırma konusu edilmiştir. Bu
amaçla nicel araştırma modellerinden genel tarama modelinde betimsel bir araştırma
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu 187 okul yöneticisinden
oluşmaktadır. Veriler, Örgütsel Affedicilik Ölçeği aracılığı ile toplanmıştır. Elde
edilen verilerinin analizinde aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma, t testi ve tek
yönlü varyans analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda okul yöneticilerinin
örgütsel affedicilik davranışını çoğu zaman gösterdikleri belirlenmiştir.
Okul yöneticilerinin örgütsel affedicilik davranışını gösterme düzeyleri arasında,
yöneticilikteki kıdem ve görev unvanı değişkenleri bakımından istatistiksel olarak
anlamlı düzeyde bir farklılık olmadığı görülmüştür. Buna karşın, lise yöneticilerinin
örgütsel affedicilik davranışını gösterme düzeyleri ile ilkokul yöneticilerinin
örgütsel affedicilik davranışını gösterme düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel olarak
anlamlı düzeyde bir farklılık olduğu saptanmıştır
TÜRKİYE’DE MANEVİ DESTEK HİZMETLERİNİN KURUMSALLAŞMASI
Authors: KESGİN Bedrettin , ERDEM Metin
Published: September 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de, kurumlarda uygulanan manevi destek hizmetlerini
incelemektir. Bu kapsamda dört alan belirlenmiştir. Bunlar, aile ve sosyal
politikalar, adalet, sağlık ve din hizmetlerinin yürütüldüğü alanlar şeklinde
ele alınmıştır. Bu alanlarda, manevi destek hizmetlerinin kurumsallaşma süreci
ve kurumlarda uygulanan manevi destek hizmetleri ele alınmıştır Ayrıca bu
alanlarda, manevi destek hizmetlerinin tarihsel süreci de incelenmiştir. Yine, bu
dört alanda manevi destek hizmetlerine yönelik neler yapıldığına dair cevaplar
aranmıştır. Elde edilen veriler sonucunda, bu alanlarda hizmet veren kurumlarda
manevi destek hizmetlerinin Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı tarafından yürütüldüğü belirlenmiştir.
Ayrıca, bu kurumlarda, 2000’li yılların başına kadar manevi destek
hizmetlerinin din temelli yürütüldüğünü ancak bu tarihten sonra bu uygulamaların
kısmen dinden arındırılıp manevi destek hizmet merkezli anlayış ile sürdürüldüğü
tespit edilmiştir.
TASARRUFLARI DEĞERLENDİRMEDE FİNANSAL OKURYAZARLIĞIN ÖNEMİ ve BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: SAKINÇ S. Öznur
Published: September 2018

Gelişen
teknoloji ile birlikte kişilerin tasarruflarını değerlendirebileceği yatırım
alanları giderek genişlemektedir. Önemli olan çeşitliliği giderek artan yatırım
araçları arasında doğru karar vererek tasarrufları artırmaktır. Alınabilecek
yanlış yatırım kararları kişilerin tasarruflarının ve piyasaya olan güvenlerinin
azalmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu konularda doğru karar verebilmek için gerekli
bilgileri elde ve analiz etmeyi sağlayacak olan finansal okuryazarlığın önemi tüm
dünyada gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Finansal okuryazarlık, kişilerin gelirleri
ile giderlerini etkin bir şekilde yöneterek düzgün bir bütçe oluşturmalarını,
tasarruf ile yatırım konularında tüm verileri dikkate alarak etkin kararlar
alınmasını ve böylece kişilerin finansal durumlarının iyileşmesini sağlayan
süreçtir. Finansal okuryazarlık tüm toplumda
olduğu gibi üniversite öğrencileri için de önemli bir kazançtır. Bu çalışmada finansal
okuryazarlık ile ilgili bilgilerini değerlendirmek amacı ile işletme programı
öğrencilerine anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler istatistiksel
yöntemlerle analiz edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin aynı eğitimi almasına rağmen
finansal okuryazarlık düzeylerinin ve bu konuya ilgilerinin demografik,
cinsiyet ve hane geliri gibi unsurlardan etkilendiği tespit edilmiştir.
SEYYİD ŞERÎF CÜRCÂNÎ’NİN “KİTÂBÜ’T-TARÎFÂT” ADLI SÖZLÜĞÜNDE YER ALAN TASAVVURÂT (KAVRAMLAR MANTIĞI) İLE İLGİLİ MADDELER ÜZERİNE
Authors: OSMAN Fikret
Published: September 2018

﻿Kitâbü’t-Tarîfât (Tanımlar Kitabı) pek çok alanda
yer alan temel kavramlara ilişkin alfabetik bir sözlüktür. Bu sözlüğün kaleme
alındığı dönemde en çok üzerinde durulan ve okutulan disiplinlerden biri de
mantıktır. Dahası mantık bu dönemde diğer alanlarda kullanılabilecek doğru
düşünmeye yönelik bir araç olarak görülmektedir. Bu bakımdan bu eserde mantık
alanında kullanılan pek çok temel kavrama yer verilmiştir.

İslâm mantık geleneğinde mantık konuları iki ana
başlık altında ele alınmaktadır. Bunlar tasavvurât ve tasdîkâttır. Tasavvurât,
Batı mantık geleneğindeki kavramlar mantığına; tasdîkât ise önermeler mantığı
ve kıyas kuramına denk gelmektedir. İslâm mantık geleneğinde tasavvurât başlığı
altında kavram çeşitleri, beş tümel, kategoriler ve tanımlar üzerinde
durulmaktadır.

Bu çalışmada amacımız; Seyyid Şerîf Cürcânî’nin bir
sözlük olarak yazılmış “Kitâbü’t-Tarîfât” adlı eserinde tasavvurâtla ilgili
maddelere ilişkin şu sorulara yanıt bulmaktır: Cürcânî, bu maddelerin mantığa
ilişkin olup olmadıklarını belirtmiş midir? Başka bir ifadeyle mantık bilmeyen
okuyucu, bu maddeleri okuduğunda onların mantığa ait olduklarını anlayabilir
mi? Yoksa bu maddelerde yapılan tanımlar, sadece mantıkla ilgilenenlere ilişkin
açıklamalar niteliğinde midir? Cürcânî, bu maddeleri hazırlarken hangi
mantıkçılardan ve hangi mantık kitaplarından etkilenmiştir? Söz konusu
tanımlar, Cürcânî’nin kendisine mi, yoksa başkasına mı aittir?
FİNANSAL ERİŞİMİN BELİRLEYİCİLERİ
Authors: BOZKURT Eda , ALTINER Ali
Published: September 2018

﻿Her kesimin dahil olduğu
kapsayıcı mali yapılar ekonomik gelişmenin sağlanmasına katkı sağlamaktadır. Öte
yandan firmalar ve hanehalklarının finansal işlemlerini artırabilmeleri için ülkedeki
finansal erişim ağının gelişmiş olması gerekmektedir. Bu sebeple çalışmada
finansal erişimin belirleyicileri araştırılmıştır. Araştırmada Türkiye ve
Avrasya Ekonomileri için 2004-2016 yılları arasında panel veri analizleri
kullanılmıştır. İlk olarak seriler arasında yatay kesit bağımlılığı olduğu tespit
edilmiştir. Daha sonra bu duruma uygun birim kök testleri uygulanmıştır. Serilerin
durağan olduğunun belirlenmesinin ardından, tesadüfi etkiler modeli kapsamında
katsayı tahminleri yapılmıştır. Analiz sonuçları finansal erişim ile
yükseköğretimde okullaşma oranı ve tasarruf oranı arasında pozitif ve anlamlı
ilişkiler olduğunu göstermiştir. Yani eğitim ve tasarruf düzeyi ne ölçüde
artarsa finansal hizmetlere erişimde o ölçüde yükselecektir.
EFECTO DE LA GANADERÍA EN LA COMPOSICIÓN Y DIVERSIDAD ARBÓREA Y ARBUSTIVA DEL MATORRAL ESPINOSO TAMAULIPECO
Authors: Mora Donjuán Carlos Alberto , Jiménez Pérez Javier , Alanís Rodríguez Eduardo , Rubio Camacho Ernesto Alonso , YerenaYamallel José Israel , González Tagle Marco Aurelio
Published: September 2018

El pastoreo se realiza en 26% de la superficie terrestre; mientras que la producción de forrajes en 33% de las tierras de cultivo agrícola. En México, la ganadería es la actividad productiva más común en el medio rural: abarca 10 millones de hectáreas; es decir, 56% del territorio nacional. El matorral es el ecosistema más abundante e históricamente del que se obtiene mayor número de productos en las zonas áridas y semiáridas del país. La presente investigación evaluó el impacto de la ganadería en la composición y diversidad en diferentes áreas del Matorral Espinoso Tamaulipeco. Se seleccionaron tres: Referencia, Regeneración y Ganadería; y se establecieron cuatro sitios de muestreo de 1 600 m2 en cada una. Se determinaron variables estructurales de abundancia, dominancia, frecuencia e Índice de Valor de Importancia; además se estimaron los índices de riqueza de especies, diversidad alfa y beta. Se registraron 22 especies, distribuidas en 20 géneros y 14 familias. El peso ecológico estuvo representado en el área de Referencia por Diospyros texana, en la de Regeneración por Acacia farnesiana y en la de Ganadería por Prosopis laevigata. El estudio revela que la ganadería disminuye significativamente la abundancia, dominancia y diversidad alfa de las comunidades arbóreas y arbustivas, y que las resultantes muestran una baja similitud de especies.
EVALUACIÓN Y COMPORTAMIENTO PAISAJÍSTICO DE ESPECIES NATIVAS EN LINARES, N. L., 16 AÑOS DE EVALUACIÓN
Authors: López Aguillón Ricardo , López García Mariana
Published: September 2018

El hombre en su afán de crear áreas para la producción agropecuaria ha destruido paisajes naturales de un valor inestimable; por tal motivo, es necesario buscar nuevas estrategias para incorporar especies nativas, para recuperarlos. El presente trabajo se realizó en la Facultad de Ciencias Forestales de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, y consistió en la reforestación de un camino de 630 m. Se utilizaron 13 plantas nativas con el objeto de evaluar su comportamiento y valoración en el paisaje. La plantación se estableció en septiembre de 1996 y desde entonces, hasta 2012 se monitoreó la supervivencia, la altura y el diámetro de los árboles. Para la valoración se emplearon dos métodos: multiplicativo o paramétrico y el económico o de capitalización; en el primero, el método suizo, el valor está dado por cuatro índices, y en el segundo por el área basal. Los resultados evdencian una supervivencia del orden de 70%, Pithecellobium pallens y Cordia boissieri registraron los valores más altos. Respecto al diámetro, Pithecellobium ebano Prosopis laevigata y Pithecellobium pallens son, hasta el momento, los que presentan mayor incremento, con valores del orden de 27.60 cm, 27.20 y 24.60 cm, respectivamente. En relación con los métodos de valoración no hay diferencia significativa entre el paramétrico y el de capitalización con $1 493 616.00 y $1 518 226.00, respectivamente; sin embargo, se recomienda el de capitalización por ser más sencillo y objetivo. Prosopis laevigata, Pithecellobium ebano, Pithecellobium pallens y Quercus virginiana ocupan los primeros sitios con los valores más altos.
Photovoltaic system implementation in baltra and puerto ayora islands
Authors: Belvinel Epeni-Tombo Genial , Loor Guillermo Antonio , Chilan Julio Cesar Hernandez , Gamez Maria Rodriguez
Published: September 2018

In the research, an analysis of the impact of the photovoltaic systems installed in two islands of the Galápagos archipelago is made. In this sense, a series of calculations has been used to find the significant values that have allowed us to choose the specific devices for this project. A modeling study was analyzed to quantify the total energy of the system, the number of possible modules to be installed, the amount of energy to be stored according to the type of batteries and the ampere-hour (Ah) that the regulation set must support of the electric current. The socio-economic and environmental impact of the system on Baltra Island was assessed with an example and estimations to make it explicit, the results of the surveys used are shown through which the most significant results were exposed, exposing that the photovoltaic systems in stage of implantation do not affect the environment, flora and fauna, its greatest impact is in the use of land.