bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Shaping of “New Gentry” Discourse in the Context of China’s Rural Revitalisation and Heritage Conservation Strategy
Authors: Tao Ruyu , Chen Pinyu , Aoki Nobuo
Published: July 2024

The Chinese government now considers the conservation and reuse of cultural heritage important in revitalising the countryside and narrowing the gap between urban and rural development. We highlight the development of a “new gentry” concept, arguing that in this process the government has appropriated and transformed the concept of “gentry” from the traditional Chinese farming society of the imperial period. Heritage conservation allows the new gentry group to act as official agents to reinforce grassroots management and establish an elitist and capital-oriented authorised heritage discourse while erasing the class narrative. We propose that this is not equivalent to a general “gentrification” process, but is a policy tacitly supported by officials with a clear agenda.
Hong Kong’s Place Branding from 1997 to 2024:From Self-assurance to Aching Attempts to Come Back
Authors: Tran Emilie , Sautedé Eric
Published: July 2024

While previous research has explored Hong Kong’s place branding, it focused on data prior to the Covid-19 pandemic and did not fully address the shifting geoeconomic and political contexts that define Hong Kong. The present paper aims to fill this gap by providing a comprehensive longitudinal analysis from 1997 to 2024. Applying discourse analysis on a corpus of official documents and policy addresses, our study uses a two-pronged framework that integrates place branding and critical juncture to comprehend the practices, politics, and consequences of Hong Kong’s branding strategy. It argues that Hong Kong’s current branding strategies are at a critical juncture, reflecting a devolution from an ambitious and holistic approach in the 2000s to consumption-driven promotional campaigns in the 2020s. The authors underscore the urgency and complexity of redefining a dynamic and adaptative branding strategy that can effectively showcase Hong Kong’s strengths and values to the international community.
La trajectoire des inégalités : la France et la Suède en miroir
Authors: Coulet Cyril
Published: July 2024

Les sociétés française et suédoise sont caractérisées par un fort taux de prélèvements obligatoires et par des politiques publiques assurant un accès généralisé à des services publics de qualité. Toutefois, les études économiques les plus récentes font ressortir que les inégalités progressent au sein de ces deux sociétés. Cet article remet en question le recours systématique au coefficient de Gini pour mesurer les inégalités en s’intéressant notamment à la mobilité sociale intergénérationnelle ainsi qu’aux situations marginales. Il met l’accent sur le rôle joué par le marché du travail dans la reproduction et l’amplification des inégalités sociales et le rôle correctif joué par les politiques publiques. Il établit ainsi que les politiques publiques conduites en France et en Suède ont produit des effets différents en raison de la divergence des objectifs poursuivis. Les études internationales font bien ressortir la progression des inégalités en Suède, mais peinent à restituer l’impact des inégalités intergénérationnelles dans la dynamique de l’égalité en France.
Égalité à la suédoise dans une économie néolibérale
Authors: Jansson Ulrika
Published: July 2024

Ulrika Jansson analyse le discours néolibéral sur les genres, et le confronte aux orientations politiques devant favoriser l’égalité entre les sexes. En se basant sur des informations collectées auprès de la Confédération des entreprises suédoises, elle montre que les femmes sont considérées à la fois comme ressource économique et problème potentiel sur le marché, pour les mêmes raisons. Les femmes semblent indispensables, pas en elles-mêmes, ni en raison d’une égalité des sexes, mais pour assurer la continuité de l’idéal néolibéral, qui prône la nécessité du marché.
Mythe et mémoire du folkhem. La mise en œuvre d’une utopie égalitaire, son déclin et sa renaissance
Authors: Persson David
Published: July 2024

Cet article relate la genèse du folkhem et explique d’où provient cette vision de société que nous qualifions d’inclusive et d’égalitaire. Il s’agit d’étudier le contexte de son invention ainsi que sa généalogie. Une relecture des origines idéologiques du SAP ainsi qu’une analyse de l’héritage culturel suédois montrent sur quel terrain propice la métaphore du folkhem a pu germer. Dans un deuxième temps, l’article expose comment le folkhem, après avoir été utilisé par les conservateurs, est ré-approprié, retraduit et recyclé par le SAP afin de servir de slogan pour la mise en œuvre d’une vision de société que nous qualifierons d’utopie. L’accent est mis sur la volonté de créer un homme nouveau et une nouvelle société, dont l’égalité, la coopération et le consensus sont les piliers. Cette vision de la société donne lieu à des politiques publiques concrètes.
L’école comme moyen de favoriser l’ascension sociale. L’évolution en Suède depuis le XIXe siècle
Authors: Froger-Olsson Lise
Published: July 2024

Les possibilités d’accéder à l’éducation en Suède, ainsi que le type d’éducation dispensée ont beaucoup évolué à travers les siècles. L’enseignement s’est progressivement élargi, ne concernant tout d’abord qu’un public d’enfants, pour s’étendre à compter du XIXe siècle à un public d’adultes dans la perspective de N.F.S. Grundtvig. Créées à partir de 1848, les folkhögskolor assurent durant la première moitié du XXe siècle un rôle d’ascenseur social. Le XXe siècle a vu la naissance d’autres formes d’enseignement destinées aux adultes, sanctionnées par un diplôme. Au cours du siècle dernier et en ce début de XXIe siècle, l’enseignement à destination des adultes assure l’intégration des immigrants, est un outil dans la lutte contre le chômage, mais garde aussi sa vocation première : assurer l’épanouissement personnel des élèves. Le rôle assigné à l’enseignement a changé à travers les siècles ; il doit désormais assurer stabilité et cohésion de la société ou/et épanouissement de l’individu. L’éducation est devenue facteur d’ascension sociale dès le XIXe siècle, mais conserve également son importance dans la formation d’une main-d’œuvre adaptée au marché du travail.
Les bibliothèques d’un hispaniste
Authors: Botrel Jean-François
Published: July 2024

Témoignage d’un parcours intellectuel d’hispaniste, d’apprentissage de la langue espagnole, au fil des lectures, et de constitution d’une bibliothèque matérielle et imaginaire.
L’art africain, des vitrines des musées aux vitrines des galeries
Authors: Maurice Danielle
Published: July 2024

Cet article porte sur l’association populaire des amis des musées (Apam) et sa revue, Le Musée vivant. Cette association, au sein de laquelle œuvra Madeleine Rousseau, fit beaucoup, entre les deux guerres mondiales, pour promouvoir l’art africain, en particulier au sein du musée de l’Homme. La revue reflète ce paradoxe colonial qui traverse le monde scientifique, les intellectuels et les organisations de gauche. Le musée a un discours et un projet humanistes, mais reste colonialiste et au nom de la science sauvegarde les archives de l’humanité dans le temps et dans l’espace en s’appropriant le patrimoine matériel et immatériel du reste du monde.
Sambre, question de genre, ou migration des concepts
Authors: Bertho-Lavenir Catherine
Published: July 2024

Comment des concepts élaborés dans le cadre d’une culture militante féministe passent-ils dans le grand public ? À partir de l’exemple du livre d’Alice Géraud Sambre, et de la série télévisée du même nom réalisée par Jean-Xavier de Lestrade, on peut s’interroger sur les conditions qui permettent une telle migration d’un environnement culturel à un autre. L’examen de la posture professionnelle des deux auteurs permet de constater, en premier lieu, que la popularisation des concepts de culture du viol, de patriarcat et de domination systémique fait explicitement partie de leur projet. Leur expérience et leur éthique professionnelle leur donnent les moyens de réaliser une œuvre au propos clair. En revanche, les aléas de la réception amènent à s’interroger sur l’efficacité de la démarche. Il ne s’agit là que d’une étude de cas mais elle permet d’interroger la question de l’efficacité de certaines œuvres dans un contexte de changement culturel.
Pop Music à la Fête de l’Huma (1968-1973)
Authors: Blanchardière  Malo de La
Published: July 2024

La Fête de l’Humanité est le grand rassemblement annuel du mouvement communiste français depuis 1930, organisé par le journal l’Humanité. Fête populaire, politique et culturelle, ses scènes musicales font la part belle aux fanfares ouvrières et à la chanson engagée. Mais dans l’après-Mai 68, la Fête s’ouvre aux musiques jeunes venues d’Amérique, rock et jazz, et programme les plus grandes vedettes anglo-américaines, notamment The Moody Blues, Pink Floyd, Soft Machine, Joan Baez, The Who, Country Joe, Chuck Berry, Jerry Lee Lewis, Bill Coleman, ou encore Sun Ra. Pourtant, le discours communiste du début des années 1960 est encore marqué, dans un contexte de guerre froide, par une farouche opposition à l’importation de produits culturels américains, par la vive dénonciation de la culture de masse et par le rejet de l’idée, alors naissante, d’une culture jeune autonome et générationnelle. Mais la stratégie d’ouverture et de rénovation doctrinale entreprise par le parti à partir du milieu des années 1960 le conduit à identifier la jeunesse comme un public qu’il est crucial de conquérir en vue d’un prochain accès au pouvoir gouvernemental par les urnes. Programmer la bande-son de ces jeunes baby-boomers, la pop music, relève alors d’une intention socio-politique : s’assurer la présence de la jeunesse à la Fête de l’Humanité. Paradoxalement, le rassemblement communiste devient un des lieux de l’acculturation du rock en France et la presse file la comparaison avec Woodstock. À partir de l’étude croisée de la presse communiste et de la presse musicale, cet article interroge les intentions, les modalités et les effets de cette ouverture de la Fête de L’Humanité à la pop music.
Le Kremlin et l’olympisme. Divergences et convergences entre visions et pratiques de l’internationalisme
Authors: Dufraisse Sylvain
Published: July 2024

Comment les dirigeants soviétiques, dont les prédécesseurs bolchéviques étaient en tout point opposés à l’olympisme et à ses idéaux, se sont-ils retrouvés au cours des années 1980 à se concevoir comme les premiers défenseurs de l’idéal olympique ? Pour résoudre cette énigme, l’article revient sur les relations entre les dirigeants russes puis soviétiques et le mouvement olympique depuis l’entrée des sportifs russes dans les compétitions olympiques. Ce faisant, il dégage des phases de divergences et de convergences entre ces deux mondes. Il montre que le poids géopolitique acquis après la Seconde Guerre mondiale et le prestige apporté par les résultats obtenus par les politiques de performance soviétiques permettent aux représentants soviétiques d’intégrer les instances olympiques, puis d’y peser. Les dirigeants originaires d’URSS, avec leurs alliés des démocraties populaires, s’accoutument ainsi à l’olympisme et cherchent à l’encoder différemment. Ils tentent d’en orienter les modes de fonctionnement pour rendre le CIO plus « démocratique » et plus ouvert.
Modalités de réception et transferts culturels, le cas des Männerphantasien de Klaus Theweleit
Authors: Lucchese Christophe
Published: July 2024

En 1977, la parution de Männerphantasien en Allemagne de l’Ouest fait passer Klaus Theweleit, son auteur, du statut de jeune docteur en lettres à celui de « star intellectuelle ». Le livre, inclassable autant qu’iconoclaste, porte sur la littérature des corps francs allemands des années 1920 à travers plus de deux-cent-cinquante romans et mémoires, et s’attache à décrire un type d’homme protofasciste que l’auteur nomme « l’homme soldat » et qui a participé à la répression du mouvement ouvrier à l’orée de la République de Weimar. S’éloignant des lectures politique et économique du fascisme en cours à son époque, Klaus Theweleit analyse le fascisme en termes d’économie libidinale et de corporéité militaire forgée dans la haine des femmes. Travail pionnier outre-Rhin sur l’histoire des corps et des affects, le livre a été traduit en français avec un décalage de presque quarante ans et n’a reçu qu’un faible écho, alors même qu’il constitue une contribution originale et pionnière à l’histoire culturelle du fascisme, des sensibilités et du genre. Le présent article analyse la réception de Männerphantasien respectivement en Allemagne et dans l’espace anglophone (Grande Bretagne et États-Unis) suivant les deux modalités de la résonnance de l’ouvrage dans l’espace public (polarisation) et de son intégration dans un ou des champs disciplinaires (patrimonialisation), qui contrastent avec la réception tardive et partielle en France.
Relire la forme et le discours de Route One/USA (Robert Kramer, 1989) à l’aune de ses chutes de montage et de ses spécificités techniques
Authors: Daniellou Simon
Published: July 2024

La prise en compte des moyens techniques novateurs à disposition de Robert Kramer et de sa petite équipe au moment du tournage en 1987-1988 du film semi-documentaire Route One/USA (1989) est susceptible de renouveler l’analyse esthétique de cette œuvre phare du cinéaste, mais aussi d’appréhender plus précisément le discours qu’il tient alors sur les États-Unis d’Amérique, pays natal un temps fui et redécouvert en cette fin d’ère Reagan. À partir de la description des spécificités des équipements de la firme française Aaton employés sur le tournage, mais aussi des chutes de montage encore aujourd’hui consultables aux Archives françaises du film, sont ainsi étudiés en détail les choix de découpage du cinéaste effectués sur le vif, par la suite confirmés ou non au moment de la postproduction. En définitive, il s’agit de mettre au jour les différents types de relations tissées entre Kramer et les personnes retrouvées ou rencontrées sur sa route, par l’intermédiaire ou non de Doc, personnage fictionnel élaboré en collaboration avec le comédien Paul McIsaac.
Olympic Cultures in Mexico City
Authors: J.Axel Elías
Published: July 2024

Lorsqu’il s’agit de retracer les origines du mouvement olympique moderne, la plupart des ouvrages privilégient les mesures prises par les membres du Congrès olympique de 1894. Néanmoins, des chercheurs, notamment mexicains, ont soutenu que le sport et les activités physiques répondent à diverses influences et généalogies, et n’ont pas une origine unique. La recherche sur le sport gagne à mieux connaître les idées et les pratiques locales qui ont façonné l’olympisme et vice versa. Dans cet article, je fais l’hypothèse que même si le gouvernement mexicain a cherché à se conformer aux règlements du Comité international olympique (CIO) tout au long du XXe siècle, les conditions d’intégration au mouvement olympique ont une histoire plus longue et plus complexe. J’utilise la littérature secondaire pour décentrer l’olympisme européen et montrer que les gouvernements mexicains ont utilisé les politiques publiques et la création d’infrastructures urbaines liées aux activités physiques comme des formes d’hygiénisme, puis comme un moyen de montrer les progrès économiques du pays. Ces mesures ont permis à la ville de Mexico de satisfaire aux exigences du CIO et d’être choisie pour accueillir les Jeux olympiques de 1968. Parallèlement, elles ont contribué à la centralisation et à la mondialisation du mouvement olympique autour du CIO.
Screening Multitarget Anticancer Compounds from Salicylic Acid Derivatives: (Without and with Amino Acid Linkage) by In Silico Docking
Authors: Warsito Warsito , Masruri Masruri , Murlistyarini Sinta , Pangesti Dwika Putri , Azhar Asyfariatus Zulfa
Published: July 2024

This research aims to design anticancer molecules using the hybridization concept based on molecular derivatives of salicylic acid. The investigation explores structures with and without linked amino acid alanine through an in-silico docking approach. The research conducts screenings of the designed salicylic acid derivative molecules against receptors, including MMP9, MMP2, CDK2, P53, BAK EGFR, and ADP Ribose Polymerase. The most promising docking results for multitarget cancer compounds were observed in salicylic acid derivatives with amino acid linkages, specifically salicylic acid-curcumin, salicylic acid-benzyl alcohol, and salicylic acid-eugenol. These derivatives exhibited binding affinities towards MMP9 of -9.6, -9.6, and -8.9 kcal/mol, towards EGFR of -9.0, -7.6, and -7.9 kcal/mol, and ADP Ribose Polymerase of -11.2, -9.0, and -9.4 kcal/mol, respectively. The outcomes of the docking results highlight the significantly improved efficacy of multitarget anticancer compounds designed from salicylic acid derivatives with amino acid linkages, attributing this superiority to the enriched functional groups in the amino acid structure that enhance ligand-receptor interactions. This research contributes to identifying potential drug molecules as effective multitarget anticancer agents.
Exploring Communication Approaches in Medication Consultations for Generation Z: a Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study of Two-Way and One-Way Methods
Authors: Lertanansit Chalernchai
Published: July 2024

Background: In the ever-evolving landscape of healthcare communication, medical staff—primarily from Generations X and Y—traditionally employ two-way communication. This approach fosters active engagement and shared decision-making in student-centered teaching. However, aligning this well-established method with the preferences of Generation Z remains unexplored. This study delves into these preferences, specifically comparing traditional two-way communication with modern, digital platform-based one-way methods.Methods: Through a cross-sectional study conducted among externs and interns at Surin Hospital, Thailand, we examined communication preferences using a 1-5 rating scale. Descriptive statistics were employed to analyze the data, providing insights into the evolving communication landscape.Results: Among the 67 interns and externs, with an impressive 80.6% response rate, preferences leaned toward hybrid consultation models. While two-way consultations received an average score of 3.2 (SD 0.88)—indicating moderate preference—respondents (63%) highly valued its educational benefits. Interestingly, 50% reported experiencing anxiety and insomnia before consultations, suggesting potential drawbacks. A key finding emerged, with 81.5% favoring a shift toward digital one-way communication for non-urgent cases. Moreover, nearly all participants expressed a preference for a three-level triage system, utilizing both methods: one-way for non-urgent, two-way for urgent, and two-way for emergency cases.Discussion and Conclusion: This study underscores the need for tailored communication approaches in medication consultations for Generation Z medical trainees. Integrating digital platforms and offering a hybrid model can enhance communication effectiveness and adapt to the preferences of this emerging generation.
Sandton
Authors: Snyman P.H.R.
Published: July 2024

No abstract available.
The local historian and the press
Authors: Moore M.D.
Published: July 2024

This article examines to what extent some 19th century country town newspapers of the Eastern Cape frontier can be used by the local historian. An analysis of editorials found certain common policies and ideas espoused by the editors, e.g. the pursuit of objectivity and the view that the local newspaper was a channel of communication between the government and the population, a kind of forum for the expression of public opinion. In spite of their declared aim of impartiality, many of these newspapers were however established either with the express purpose of furthering the interests of a particular group of they gradually became closely associated with certain sections of the community. Matters of local importance in these papers include local government, the administration of justice, social problems, economic and agricultural development, and the colonists' attitude towards race, as expressed in their fears for the security of their persons and stock. These are all matters which provide the local historian with valuable information which is otherwise unavailable in any other source. From these newspapers the local historian is often able to obtain a clear indication of what to look for in official documents kept in the archival depots, which can be of great practical value in terms of time and money.
Goudstad so byna 'n spookdorp
Authors: Oberholster A.G.
Published: July 2024

No abstract available.
Public administration in Pilgrims Rest, 1915-1969
Authors: Pirie G.H.
Published: July 2024

In 1915, after two decades of neglect by the Transvaal Gold Mining Estates Company (TGME), village sanitation as well as cemetery, pound and slaughter-management was placed in the hands of the Pilgrims Rest Health Committee (PRHC). The TGME, however, retained effective control over land use and disposal and over the supply and cost of water and electricity. The insignificant and impecunious health committee had therefore to rely inevitably on the mining company's assistance in the form of labour and the use of its stores, offices and workshops. The foundations and dimensions of the aforesaid dependence are the subject matter of this article.
Die Langeberg-rebellie en die totstandkoming van Olifantshoek
Authors: Snyman P.H.R.
Published: July 2024

The Northern Cape town of Olifantshoek was established early this century in an area previously inhabited by the Tswana. When Britain annexed Bechuanaland in 1885 the land of the indigenous inhabitants was limited to a number of reserves. When British Bechuanaland was incorporated into the Cape Colony in 1895, the reserves remained the property of the Tswana and could only be alienated with the consent of the British Secretary of State for the Colonies. Tswana opposition to White colonisation led to the Langeberg Rebellion of 1896-97, and through drastic government action the Tswana lost a further fifth of their land. The permission for this alienation had been easily obtained from the minister concerned. Farms in the confiscated reserves were surveyed and made available to White farmers. In the former Langeberg Reserve, situated in the south-west of Bechuanaland, a need arose from 1910 onwards for a centre to serve the growing farming community. This led to the laying out of lots at Olifantshoek in 1911 and the institution of a village management board in 1917.
The Renaissance of Secondary Syphilis: A Case Series
Authors: George Blessy , Naik Ravina , Ghodge Rakhi
Published: July 2024

Sexually transmitted diseases/infections (STDs/STIs) are one of major public health concern, and syphilis in today’s era is not an uncommon diagnosis. The rising trend of syphilis cases can be attributed to changes in sexual practices such as individuals being engaged in oro-genital or anogenital sex, having multiple sexual partners, increase in men having sex with men, HIV co-infection, and drug abuse. Syphilis mimics many other diseases, and diagnosis can be delayed if the clinician is not aware of varied presentations. Often, unusual mucocutaneous manifestations have fascinated dermatologists, leading to diagnostic difficulties. In today’s era, cases of secondary and latent syphilis are being more commonly encountered than those of primary syphilis. Herein, we emphasize on varied mucocutaneous manifestations of secondary syphilis among young individuals. We would like to highlight the need for the implementation of sex education among adolescents/young adults to prevent STDs/STIs.
Pulse Therapy in Rituximab Era: A Retrospective Study of 124 Patients of Pemphigus from a Tertiary Care Center of South Rajasthan
Authors: Mittal Asit , Makhija Rini , Meena Manju , Balai Manisha , Gupta Lalit Kumar , Mehta Sharad
Published: July 2024

Background:

Pemphigus is a potentially life-threatening autoimmune blistering disease which characteristically affects skin and mucosae. Pulse therapy for the treatment of pemphigus has been in vogue for several years and considered better than conventional corticosteroids.

Aims and objectives:

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pulse therapy in pemphigus patients treated over a period of 10 years.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective study was based on medical records of Pemphigus patients treated at Department of Dermatology from January 2008 to December 2017. Diagnosis of pemphigus was made on clinical ground, Tzanck smear and histopathology of skin/mucous membrane lesions. Patients were put on DCP/DAP depending on the completion of family.

Results:

A total of 124 patients were included in the study. Age of patients ranged from 18 years to 72 years with mean of 41.21±12.71 years. Amongst 124 patients, 114 (92%) had pemphigus vulgaris and 10 (8%) had pemphigus foliaceous. 89 patients received DCP and 35 patients received DAP therapy. Number of pulses received by patients in phase I ranged from 4 to 27, average being 8.16±4.63. 106 patients completed the phase I of which 83 completed the phase II. 54 patients had successfully completed phase III of which 22 are currently in phase IV and 28 patients have completed their five year follow up period and considered as cured.

Conclusion:

Pulse therapy is a cheap and easily available mode of therapy in treatment of pemphigus in India even in the present era of modern molecules like Rituximab. With pulse therapy, it is now possible to induce and maintain remission, and achieve cure, provided the patients strictly adhere to the prescribed schedule.
Profile of Micronutrients in Patients Presenting with Pityriasis Alba in a Tertiary Care Center: A Case–control Study
Authors: Shashikumar Madegowda Basavapura , Harish MR , Naidu Hemalatha M , Vinaykumar MV , Deepadarshan Kalegowda , Phani H N
Published: July 2024

Background:

Pityriasis alba (PA) is a common, self-limiting skin disease of childhood. Several micronutrient deficiencies have been attributed to causing PA. Few studies have found a decreased level of serum zinc to be associated with PA, whereas other studies have found a deficiency of serum copper, magnesium, ferritin, and Vitamin D3 to be associated with PA.

Aims and Objectives:

The objective of the study was to estimate the serum levels of micronutrients (zinc, copper, magnesium, and ferritin), hemoglobin (Hb), serum albumin, and Vitamin D3 in patients of PA and compare the same with that of controls.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 36 patients with PA and 36 controls were enrolled in the study. Five milliliters of venous blood will be obtained from both cases and controls to conduct the investigations. The serum levels of zinc, ferritin, magnesium, copper, Vitamin D3, hemoglobin, and serum albumin levels were detected. The data were analyzed statistically.

Results:

In this study, we observed a low serum level of zinc associated with PA patients, when compared to healthy controls with P < 0.042. The serum levels of magnesium in cases were significantly low compared to controls with P < 0.002, which was statistically significant. Vitamin D and Hb levels were also significantly reduced in the PA patients. However, we did not find statistical significance between serum levels of copper, albumin, and ferritin in cases and controls with P = 0.408, P = 0.055, and P = 0.082, respectively.

Conclusion:

PA is a multifactorial etiological condition, in which micronutrient deficiency is an important cause and supplementation of micronutrients among these patients may be beneficial.
Spice components as modulating agents of P-glycoprotein – An in silico study
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Swagata , Roy Chandana , Ghosh Pratiti
Published: July 2024

P-glycoprotein acts as a protective barrier against xenobiotics and cellular toxicants in the human body while playing an important role in drug transportation in many organs. Overexpression of p-glycoprotein can lead to a decrease in the absorption of many drugs. After screening, 33 phytochemicals from 25 spices were selected for docking with p-glycoprotein to detect some naturally occurring p-glycoprotein inhibitors to modulate multidrug resistance. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity prediction and drug-like properties of those ligands were investigated from pkCSM, Molinspiration, and SwissADME software, followed by molecular docking study and molecular dynamic simulation on BIOVIA Discovery Studio. These 33 phytochemicals met the criteria of p-glycoprotein inhibitor as much as the reference drug verapamil. Pandamarilactone-31 showed the highest binding affinity for p-glycoprotein, acting as the lead p-glycoprotein inhibitor, followed by α-D-fructofuranoside methyl, sesamolinol, and nigellidine.
Drug use survey to identify significant drug–drug interactions and assess clinical importance in the outpatient setting of a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Chowdhury Koustuv , Hazra Avijit , Ghosh Soumitra , Choudhury Shouvik
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVES:

Drug–drug interactions (DDIs) are a common problem in pharmacotherapy, particularly in situations where multiple disorders must be treated at the same time. We conducted a drug use survey in the general medicine outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital with the objective of assessing the potential for DDI in individual prescriptions for adult patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Drugs prescribed in the current physician–patient encounter were considered in conjunction with medicines already being received by the patient as well as those discontinued in the past 1 month. Free online DDI checkers (available at https://www.drugs.com/drug_interactions.html and https://reference.medscape.com/) were used to identify potential DDI and categorize them into mild, moderate, and severe categories. We did not consider food, alcohol, or smoking-related interactions.

RESULTS:

A total of 153 prescriptions, having two or more drugs, were collected, and they accounted for 1052 prescribed drugs. Among them, 613 (58.27%) were prescribed in index visits, and the rest 438 (41.63%) were preexisting medication. The number of drugs prescribed in index visits ranged from 1 to 9 (mean ± standard deviation [SD] 4.0 ± 1.86; median 4). Potential DDIs were identified in 103 (67.32%) instances. The total number of interactions identified was 412. Of these, 19.66% had minor, 77.67% moderate, and 7.19% major clinical implications. Potential DDI count in each prescription was found from 0 to 13 in number (mean ± SD 2.7 ± 3.12; median 2.0). This number correlated strongly with the number of drugs being received by individual subjects (Rho 0.744; P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:

Potential DDIs are a reality in day to day prescribing practice. Substantial proportion of these DDIs may have significant clinical implications. Prescribers need to be sensitized to this issue. Combining human expertise with technological solutions such as automated drug interaction alerts can help rectify the situation. Similar surveys are needed on a periodic basis to improve medication safety for patients.
Characterization of missense nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism of runt-related transcription factor-2 gene – An in silico approach
Authors: Shiv Ragul , Rakeswari  , Farjana Nilofer , Subbiah Usha , Ajith Athira , Balaji Anitha , Mohanasatheesh S.
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVES:

Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) codes for multiple amino acids, impacting protein functions and disease prognosis. Runt-related transcription factor-2 (RUNX2), a transcription factor linked to osteoblast differentiation, regulates cell proliferation in endothelium and osteoblastic cells. Understanding Runx2’s role in nonosseous tissues is rapidly advancing. This study aims to identify harmful SNPs of the RUNX2 gene that may alter disease susceptibility using computational techniques.

METHODS:

The study uses various in silico methods to identify nonsynonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) of the RUNX2 gene, which could potentially alter protein structure and functions, with further analyses by I-Mutant, ConSurf, Netsurf 3.0, GeneMANIA, and Have (y)Our Protein Explained.

RESULTS:

Six missense nsSNPs were identified as potentially harmful, disease-causing, and damaging. Four were found to be unstable, while five were conserved. All six nsSNPs had a coiled secondary structure. Five nsSNPs were found to be destabilized.

CONCLUSION:

The RUNX2 gene’s deleterious missense nsSNPs were identified by this study, and they may be exploited in future experimental studies. These high-risk nsSNPs might be considered target molecules in therapeutic and diagnostic therapies in teeth and bone development.
Fruit and vegetable consumption in diabetics patients: Effect of pender health promotion model (HPM) intervention
Authors: Zeidabadi Batool , Sadeghi Reza , Ahmadi Tabatabai Seyed Vahid , Amiri Mohammad Moqaddasi , Abolghaseminejad Parniya , Ahmadzadeh Khadijeh
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of the intervention based on Pender’s health promotion model (Pender’s HPM) to improve the consumption of fruits and vegetables in diabetic patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The present study was quasi-experiment community-based research conducted on 112 diabetic patients in Sirjan City. Eligible diabetic patients were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. The data were collected by two questionnaires, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and the researcher-made based on Pender’s HPM. In order to compare qualitative variables between two groups, Chi-square test was performed.Pvalue <0.05 was considered significant.

RESULTS:

The findings showed that there is a significant difference in the consumption of fruit juice in men and women (Pvalue = 0.016). In this study, the perceived obstacles structure and interpersonal influences structure was effective on the consumption of vegetables and salad in diabetic patients before and after the educational intervention.

CONCLUSION:

Perceived benefits and interpersonal and situational influencers are effective on the consumption of fruits and vegetables in diabetic people and health planners should design educational interventions in order to increase the consumption of fruits and vegetables in the target group by considering these effective determinants.
Impact of emotional intelligence on academic burnout among master students in pedagogy of nursing sciences and health techniques in Morocco, 2019: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Harrafa Nissrine , Berrada Bouchra , Manni Laila , Khaldoun Youssef , Diki El Arbi , Ouahidi Ibtissam
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:

Burnout is spreading to the student population and becoming a threat of global concern. The aim of our research is to determine the prevalence and socio-demographic factors associated with the academic burnout of master students in the Pedagogy of Nursing and Health Technology in Morocco and to discover the impact of these students’ emotional intelligence on their academic burnout.

MATERIALS AND METHOD:

This is a descriptive, cross-sectional analytical study conducted among students in the Pedagogy of Nursing and Health Technology in Morocco out of a total of 108 students of different ages and genders. A questionnaire is used for the collection of data pertaining to students. For each dependent variable, a bivariate analysis was conducted, and the independent variables associated with it were included in a multivariate model.

RESULTS:

The prevalence of academic burnout is estimated at 36.1% among the studied populations (exhaustion 19.4%, cynicism 21.3%, and reduced efficacy 2.8%). 53.7% of students have a high level of emotional intelligence. Multivariate analysis showed that exhaustion is significantly associated with gender (aOR = 3.4, 95% CI = 1.0-11.7, P = 0.04), age (aOR = 0.2, 95% CI = 0.0-0.8, P = 0.02) and cynicism was associated with sports activity (aOR = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.0-8.1, P = 0.038). The emotional intelligence is independent predictor of exhaustion, but it has a positive impact on cynicism (aOR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.0-1.09, P = 0,027) and a negative impact on reduced efficacy (aOR = 0.8, 95% CI = 0.6-0.9, P = 0.01).

CONCLUSION:

The results of this study uncover the prevalence of the phenomenon of burnout among students and the importance of integrating emotional education into health training.
The effect of participation education on maternal role adaptation in mothers with premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Ghafari_rad Hoda , Arzani Afsaneh , Zabihi Ali , Akbarian_rad Zahra , Qalehsari Mojtaba Qanbari , Jafarian_amiri Seyedeh Roghayeh
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:

The birth of a premature infant, hospitalization, and separation from the family cause disruption on maternal role adaption. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of participation education on maternal role adaption in mothers of premature infants hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This semiexperimental study was conducted with the participation of 129 eligible mothers with premature infants into three groups of 43 (face-to-face education, virtual education, and control). Data collection was done using a checklist measuring adaptation to the maternal role. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistical and multiple linear regression tests at a significance level of P < 0.05.

RESULTS:

The mean age of mothers was 30.8 years, the mean gestational age of infants was 31.7 weeks, the mean birth weight was 1781.4 g, and the most common (84.5%) reason for hospitalization of infants was respiratory distress. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the total score of maternal role adaptation at the time of discharge was significantly different in the two groups of virtual education (134.362 ± 0.925) (P < 0.001) and face-to-face education (132.421 ± 0.928) (P = 0.005) with the control group (128.286 ± 0.924).

CONCLUSION:

The implementation of educational programs is a suitable solution to improve maternal role adaption. Therefore, it is recommended that managers and healthcare planners consider codified and regular educational programs in order to increase the ability of mothers, in order to adapt to the maternal role.
Attitude and level of satisfaction on objective structured practical examination and traditional practical examination among undergraduate nursing students
Authors: Sharvan P Muhammad , Ullas Anju , Vasanth Indumathi
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:

Objective structured practical examination (OSPE) and traditional practical examination (TPE) are two different methods used to evaluate the theoretical and practical skills among students. The present study assessed the attitude and level of satisfaction of undergraduate nursing students toward OSPE and TPE.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A comparative research design study was conducted at Yenepoya Nursing College in 2022. The samples were 4th year B.Sc nursing students who have experienced both types of examination system and are selected by using the non-probability purposive sampling technique. The selected 102 students are further divided into two groups (51 students in each group) by the chit method: one group for assessing the attitude and level of satisfaction toward OSPE and the other group for assessing the attitude and level of satisfaction toward TPE. The tools used were demographic proforma, structured attitude, and satisfaction scale. The collected categorical data were represented as frequency and percentage, and quantitative data are represented in terms of mean and standard deviation. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare the attitude and level of satisfaction between the two groups.

RESULTS:

The majority [32 (65.7%)] of the participants had positive attitude toward the OSPE, and the majority [30 (61.5%)] of the samples had neutral attitude toward TPE. Most of the students [27 (55.3%)] had a good level of satisfaction toward the OSPE. The majority [28 (56.3%)] of the samples had an average level of satisfaction toward TPE. The median of attitude score was 48.32 with 3.35 inter-quartile range (IQR) on OSPE and 44.40 with 3.35 IQR on TPE. The median of level of satisfaction was 50.95 with 1.69 IQR on OSPE and 46.05 with 1.69 IQR on TPE.

CONCLUSIONS:

The study concluded that the students have positive attitude and a good level of satisfaction toward OSPE and neutral attitude and an average level of satisfaction toward TPE. The results provide important implications for choosing a different examination strategy and increasing the standard for the educational and evaluation systems.
Health problems and health-seeking behavior of Muslim women in southern India
Authors: Nasreen I , Guthigar Mohammed , Veigas Irene
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:

The health of women and girls is of particular concern because, in many societies, they are disadvantaged by discrimination rooted in sociocultural factors that prevent them from benefiting from quality health services and attaining the best possible level of health. Muslim women face a number of unique health challenges, including discrimination, poverty, and lack of access to healthcare. These challenges can lead to a number of health problems, including mental health issues, chronic diseases, and infectious diseases.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A descriptive research was conducted among the Muslim women in Dakshina Kannada among n = 675 participants drawn using two-stage stratified random sampling through interview method using semistructured questionnaire.

RESULTS:

The majority of the participants reported musculoskeletal and noncommunicable diseases. A majority of them resorted to modern medicine and there was a statistically significant association found with respect to spending on health problems (χ2
= 29.933, P
< 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

The study reveals that women had a high incidence of musculoskeletal problems, and noncommunicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, carcinoma, kidney, diabetes, and liver problems. They preferred allopathic medicine and sought treatment from local public health centers and private clinics since the majority of them were homemakers.
An interventional study to assess the impact of behavior modification therapy on motivation level for tobacco cessation among adult tobacco users in a resettlement colony of South Delhi
Authors: Gautam Richa , Alvi Yasir , Islam Farzana , Kumar Nitesh , Pathak Rambha , Agarwalla Rashmi , Panda Meely , Gupta Ekta , Parashar Mamta , Dayal Rashmi Prakash
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:

Tobacco use remains a significant global health challenge, contributing to 8 million annual deaths and potentially reaching 1 billion deaths in the 21st century. Despite taking efforts like India’s National Tobacco Control Program, the country faces a persistent 39% tobacco use prevalence, particularly in low-income communities like those from Madanpur Khadar, Delhi. This study explores the effectiveness of behavior modification therapy in addressing this challenge.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

In a community-based trial, 400 adult tobacco users from Madanpur Khadar were enrolled and randomization and allocation concealment were done (CTRI no.: CTRI/2021/06/034298). Participants were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups during the study period of 18 months. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, smoking behaviors, and motivation levels were collected. The intervention included behavior modification therapy, while the control group received brief advice. Motivation levels were assessed using the contemplation ladder, and carbon monoxide levels were measured with piCO + Smokerlyzer. The study adhered to ethical considerations and obtained approval from Jamia Hamdard’s Institutional Ethical Committee.

RESULTS:

Sociodemographic characteristics revealed a predominantly male (88%) population, aged above 30 years (68.5%), with lower middle class representation (51%). The intervention group exhibited a 7% smoking cessation rate, which is significantly higher than the control group (1%). piCO+ Smokerlyzer confirmed a 41.7% reduction in carbon monoxide levels among participants in the intervention group. High motivation levels correlated with successful quitting, with a 6.5 times higher odds ratio for highly motivated individuals compared to low or moderately motivated ones.

CONCLUSIONS:

The study highlights the cost-effective impact of behavior modification therapy in promoting tobacco cessation, particularly in resource-constrained settings. The significant association between motivation levels and quitting underscores the importance of tailored interventions in public health initiatives aimed at reducing tobacco use.
Identifying gaps in maternal knowledge and care-seeking for neonatal health: A mixed methods study in rural pregnant women
Authors: Yogesh M , Bhavana B M , Padhiyar Nanveet , Gandhi Rohankumar , Misra Swati
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:

Knowledge of neonatal danger signs is crucial for timely care-seeking and improved newborn survival. This study assessed this knowledge among pregnant women in rural western Gujarat.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A mixed methods study was conducted among 390 pregnant women selected through a two-stage sampling procedure. Quantitative data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Qualitative data were gathered via in-depth interviews with 20 purposively sampled women. Logistic regression identified determinants of knowledge. Thematic analysis was done for qualitative data.

RESULTS:

The majority of women were young (220, 56.5% ≤25 years), literate (333, 85%), and from rural backgrounds (320, 82%). Overall, 232 (59.5%) knew about cord care, and 301 (77.2%) correctly identified breastfeeding initiation time. Recognition of key danger signs such as fever (311, 79.7%), vomiting (292, 74.8%), and jaundice (275, 70.5%) was high, but only 70 (18%) identified chest in-drawing. Multiparity (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.4, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.2–3.9), lower age (AOR: 3.8, 95% CI: 2.4–5.8), education (AOR: 3.1, 95% CI: 1.5–6.4), inadequate counseling (AOR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.82–5.190), and normative delivery (AOR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.16–5.006) were associated with poor knowledge. Qualitative findings revealed reliance on informal sources, family elders, and financial constraints as key barriers along with limited comprehension of some danger signs.

CONCLUSION:

Focused interventions via health workers, family members, and community platforms are needed to increase neonatal danger signs awareness among vulnerable women in the region to enable timely care-seeking.