bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Macrophages expressing uncoupling protein 1 increase in adipose tissue in response to cold in humans
Authors: Finlin Brian S. , Memetimin Hasiyet , Confides Amy L. , Zhu Beibei , Westgate Philip M. , Dupont-Versteegden Esther E. , Kern Philip A.
Published: December 2021

Acute cold induces beige adipocyte protein marker expression in human subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SC WAT) from both the cold treated and contralateral leg, and the immune system regulates SC WAT beiging in mice. Cold treatment significantly increased the gene expression of the macrophage markers CD68 and 86 in SC WAT. Therefore, we comprehensively investigated the involvement of macrophages in SC WAT beiging in lean and obese humans by immunohistochemistry. Cold treatment significantly increased CD163/CD68 macrophages in SC WAT from the cold treated and contralateral legs of lean and obese subjects, and had similar effects on CD206/CD68 macrophages, whereas the effects on CD86/CD68 macrophages were inconsistent between lean and obese. However, linear regression analysis did not find significant relationships between the change in macrophage numbers and the change in UCP1 protein abundance. A high percentage of CD163 macrophages in SC WAT expressed UCP1, and these UCP1 expressing CD163 macrophages were significantly increased by cold treatment in SC WAT of lean subjects. In conclusion, our results suggest that CD163 macrophages are involved in some aspect of the tissue remodeling that occurs during SC WAT beiging in humans after cold treatment, but they are likely not direct mediators of the beiging process.
Young people are not blameworthy: the generation’s awareness of COVID-19 and behavioral responses
Authors: Jun Seung-Pyo , Yoo Hyoung Sun , Lee Chul
Published: December 2021

At a time when the COVID-19 pandemic has been ongoing for more than a year, young people have been the subject of vigilant scrutiny and criticism regarding their active engagement in social activities. We posed the question of whether young people's response to COVID-19 was different from that of other generations and analyzed awareness and behavior to investigate this question. Specifically, we examined internet searches for information on COVID-19 and credit card consumption in South Korea among young people in their 20s and compared them to a reference group of people in their 50s. Our research has confirmed that there was no statistically significant difference between young people and the reference group in this regard. Furthermore, in the 25 sub-sectors of industry we examined, young people's consumption activities recovered significantly faster than the reference group in only three sub-sectors. This study demonstrated that young people showed stronger interest than the reference group in their response to COVID-19, and that they cooperated with the government’s social distancing policy by reducing their activities. Through this study, we presented a scientific approach for evaluating young people in regard to their response to COVID-19, offering useful implications for designing appropriate policies for public health.
Maximizing gerrymandering through ising model optimization
Authors: Okamoto Yasuharu
Published: December 2021

By using the Ising model formulation for combinatorial optimization with 0–1 binary variables, we investigated the extent to which partisan gerrymandering is possible from a random but even distribution of supporters. Assuming that an electoral district consists of square subareas and that each subarea shares at least one edge with other subareas in the district, it was possible to find the most tilted assignment of seats in most cases. However, in cases where supporters' distribution included many enclaves, the maximum tilted assignment was usually found to fail. We also discussed the proposed algorithm is applicable to other fields such as the redistribution of delivery destinations.
A nationwide cohort study on growth impairment by cleft lip with or without palate
Authors: Ryu Jeong Yeop , Park Tae Hyun , Lee Joon Seok , Yang Jung Dug , Chung Ho Yun , Cho Byung Chae , Choi Kang Young
Published: December 2021

There are very few nationwide studies discussing the height, weight, head circumference, and dental screening of children with cleft lip with or without palate (CL/P), with most reports on this subject based on a 1900s cohort. This study aimed to characterize CL/P children in the 2000s in terms of height, weight, head circumference, and dental screening. This nationwide population-based study evaluated the National Health Insurance Service-Infants and Children’s Health Screening (NHIS-INCHS), specifically the height, weight, and head circumference of millions of children. Dental screening data, including the status of each tooth and comprehensive dental judgment, were also evaluated. Syndromic and nonsyndromic CL/P children had lower height, weight, and head circumference than no CL/P children until the age of 66–71 months. Children with cleft palate only or both cleft lip and palate showed similar results. Regarding dental screening, the primary teeth of CL/P children erupted later and fell out faster than no CL/P children. Dental caries was also more common in CL/P children. Children with CL/P had inferior general growth, regardless of palatoplasty surgery. More aggressive dental treatment was required for CL/P children due to the instability of primary teeth and tendency for caries.
Tanshinone IIA suppresses the progression of lung adenocarcinoma through regulating CCNA2-CDK2 complex and AURKA/PLK1 pathway
Authors: Li Ziheng , Zhang Ying , Zhou Yuan , Wang Fuqian , Yin Chao , Ding Li , Zhang Shunbo
Published: December 2021

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) belongs to a subgroup of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with an increasing incidence all over the world. Tanshinone IIA (TSA), an active compound of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge., has been found to have anti-tumor effects on many tumors, but its anti-LUAD effect and its mechanism have not been reported yet. In this study, bio-information analysis was applied to characterize the potential mechanism of TSA on LUA, biological experiments were used to verify the mechanisms involved. TCGA, Pubchem, SwissTargetPrediction, Venny2.1.0, STRING, DAVID, Cytoscape 3.7.2, Omicshare, GEPIA, RSCBPDB, Chem Draw, AutoDockTools, and PyMOL were utilized for analysis in the bio-information analysis and network pharmacology. Our experiments in vitro focused on the anti-LUAD effects and mechanisms of TSA on LUAD cells (A549 and NCI-H1975 cells) via MTT, plate cloning, Annexin V-FITC and PI dual staining, flow cytometry, and western blot assays. A total of 64 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of TSA for treatment of LUAD were screened out. Gene ontology and pathway analysis revealed characteristic of the DEGs network. After GEPIA-based DEGs confirmation, 46 genes were considered having significant differences. Further, 10 key DEGs (BTK, HSD11B1, ADAM33, TNNC1, THRA, CCNA2, AURKA, MIF, PLK1, and SORD) were identified as the most likely relevant genes from overall survival analysis. Molecular Docking results showed that CCNA2, CDK2 and PLK1 had the lowest docking energy. MTT and plate cloning assays results showed that TSA inhibited the proliferation of LUAD cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Annexin V-FITC and PI dual staining and flow cytometry assays results told that TSA promoted the apoptosis of the two LUAD cells in different degrees, and induced cycle arrest in the G1/S phase. Western blot results showed that TSA significantly down-regulated the expression of CCNA2, CDK2, AURKA, PLK1, and p-ERK. In summary, TSA could suppress the progression of LUAD by inducing cell apoptosis and arresting cell cycle, and these were done by regulating CCNA2-CDK2 complex and AURKA/PLK1 pathway. These findings are the first to demonstrate the molecular mechanism of TSA in treatment of LUAD combination of network bio-information analysis and biological experiments in vitro.
Osteopontin levels are associated with late-time lower regional brain volumes in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Orsi Gergely , Hayden Zsofia , Cseh Tamas , Berki Timea , Illes Zsolt
Published: December 2021

Osteopontin (OPN) is a proinflammatory marker produced by systemic immune and central nervous system (CNS) resident cells. We examined, if the level of OPN in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood is associated with late-time regional brain volumes and white matter (WM) lesion load in MS. Concentrations of OPN in blood and CSF were related to MRI findings 10.1 ± 2.0 years later in 46 patients with MS. OPN concentration was measured by ELISA, while regional brain volumes and lesion load was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using 3D MPRAGE sequence and automated MR volumetry. OPN measured in the CSF was associated with several regional brain volumes and WM lesion load measured 10.1 ± 2.0 years later. CSF OPN concentration correlated with long-term enlargement of lateral- and inferior lateral ventricles and the elevation of gross CSF volume, in conjunction with the reduction of several cortical/subcortical gray matter and WM volumes. Serum OPN showed no long-term association with regional brain volumes. OPN measured from the CSF but not from the serum was associated with lower regional brain volumes measured a decade later, indicating the primary role of inflammation within the CNS in developing long-term brain related alterations.
Microbial community dynamics in the mesophilic and thermophilic phases of textile waste composting identified through next-generation sequencing
Authors: Biyada Saloua , Merzouki Mohammed , Dėmčėnko Taisija , Vasiliauskienė Dovilė , Ivanec-Goranina Rūta , Urbonavičius Jaunius , Marčiulaitienė Eglė , Vasarevičius Saulius , Benlemlih Mohamed
Published: December 2021

Composting is a promising source of mesophilic and thermophilic microorganisms directly involved in the decay of organic matter. However, there is a paucity of information related to bacterial and fungal diversity in compost and their enzymatic activities during the composting process. In this work, bacterial and fungal diversity during the mesophilic and thermophilic phases of textile waste composting was investigated as a way to explain the physical–chemical results obtained during the composting process. This was accomplished using a next-generation sequencing approach that targets either the 16S rRNA or ITS genomic regions of bacteria and fungi, respectively. It was observed that Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria were the dominant bacterial phyla present at the mesophilic phase but not at the thermophilic one. Composting textile waste exhibits a sustained thermophilic profile (above 55 °C) that usually precludes fungal activity. Nonetheless, the presence of fungi at the thermophilic phase was observed. Rozellomycota, Basidiomycota, and Ascomycota were the most dominant phyla during both composting phases. Such thermophilic fungi with great ability to decay organic matter could be isolated as pure cultures and used for the bioaugmentation of textile waste composting to achieve an advanced maturity level of textile waste compost.
Application of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) for rock mass quality evaluation
Authors: Hasan Muhammad , Shang Yanjun , Meng He , Shao Peng , Yi Xuetao
Published: December 2021

Rock mass quality evaluation is a challenging task in geotechnical investigations given the natural heterogeneity and the limited data. These investigations mainly depend on the traditional drilling tests. However, such tests are expensive and time consuming, provide point measurements, and cannot be conducted in steep topographic areas, and thus cause uncertainties in the geological model. Conversely, geophysical methods such as electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) are non-invasive, user-friendly, and fast. In this work, we establish empirical correlation between ERT and limited drilling data to obtain rock mass integrity coefficient (Kv). The estimated Kv provides 2D/3D imaging of the rock mass quality evaluation via weathered/unweathered rock and faults detection in order to cover the entire area even where no drilling test exists. Compared with the past geotechnical investigations, our work reduce the ambiguities caused by the inadequate well tests and provide more accurate geological model for infrastructures design. Our work proposes that, in case of sparse borehole data, the established empirical equations can be used to determine Kv along different geophysical profiles via 2D/3D insight of the subsurface. Our approach is applicable in any hard rock setting, and the established correlations can be used in areas even where no well test exists.
Folate-modified triptolide liposomes target activated macrophages for safe rheumatoid arthritis therapy
Authors: Guo Rui-bo , Zhang Xin-yue , Yan De-kang , Yu Ying-jie , Wang Yu-jia , Geng Hong-xia , Wu Ya-nan , Liu Yang , Kong Liang , Li Xue-tao
Published: December 2021

Folate-modified triptolide liposomes with excellent chemical and physical properties and long circulation target activated macrophases for safe rhumatoid arthritis therapy.
A small molecule organic compound applied as an advanced anode material for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Xiao Fangyuan , Liu Pan , Li Jie , Zhang Yawei , Liu Yijun , Xu Maowen
Published: December 2021

A metal–sulfur battery-like process happens with an organic anode material for LIBs.
Rhodium-catalyzed sequential B(3)-, B(4)-, and B(5)-trifunctionalization of o-carboranes with three different substituents
Authors: Cheng Biao , Chen Yu , Zhou Peng , Xie Zuowei
Published: December 2021

A Rh-catalyzed one-pot trifunctionalization of o-carboranes with three different substituents via sequential B(3)–, B(4)–, and B(5)–H activation has been developed.
Borole-based half-sandwich complexes of germanium and tin
Authors: Sarcevic Julijan , Heitkemper Tobias , Sindlinger Christian P.
Published: December 2021

The synthesis and initial observations regarding the reactivity of borole-based half-sandwich complexes with apical divalent group 14 elements germanium and tin are described.
Enhancement of Ti3C2 MXene on Au@Ag/TiO2 for the visible-light-driven photoreduction of nitroaromatics
Authors: An Huiqin , Cao Lifang , Cheng Ran , Zhang Xiaoqi , Zhang Saihui , Sun Yang , Zhao Lizhi , Wang Bing , Yin Zhen
Published: December 2021

Au@Ag/TiO2/Ti3C2 exhibits outstanding photoreduction activity at 0 °C because of the combination of efficient hot carrier generation and separation ability in one system.
The electronic temperature and the effective chemical potential parameters of an atom in a molecule. A Fermi–Dirac semi-local variational approach
Authors: Franco-Pérez Marco
Published: December 2021

Each atom in a molecule is characterized by specific values of the electronic temperature and the effective chemical potential.
Compressive and thermally stable boron nitride aerogels as multifunctional sorbents
Authors: Xia Dong , Yu Huayang , Li Qun , Mannering Jamie , Menzel Robert , Huang Peng , Li Heng
Published: December 2021

We report a straightforward synthesis method for fabricating multifunctional boron nitride aerogels with tunable properties by altering the relative amount of the precursors.
Halogen bonding in cadmium(ii) MOFs: its influence on the structure and on the nitroaldol reaction in aqueous medium
Authors: Gurbanov Atash V. , Kuznetsov Maxim L. , Karmakar Anirban , Aliyeva Vusala A. , Mahmudov Kamran T. , Pombeiro Armando J. L.
Published: December 2021

Attaching iodine atoms to an arylhydrazone ligand results in the formation of noncovalent interactions and enhances the solubility of the corresponding MOFs which act as homogeneous catalyst precursors in the nitroaldol reaction.
Correction: Addressing energy storage needs at lower cost via on-site thermal energy storage in buildings
Authors: Odukomaiya Adewale , Woods Jason , James Nelson , Kaur Sumanjeet , Gluesenkamp Kyle R. , Kumar Navin , Mumme Sven , Jackson Roderick , Prasher Ravi
Published: December 2021

Correction for ‘Addressing energy storage needs at lower cost via on-site thermal energy storage in buildings’ by Adewale Odukomaiya et al., Energy Environ. Sci., 2021, 14, 5315–5329, DOI: 10.1039/D1EE01992A.
Controls on the epilimnetic phosphorus concentration in small temperate lakes
Authors: Amirbahman Aria , Fitzgibbon Kaci N. , Norton Stephen A. , Bacon Linda C. , Birkel Sean D.
Published: December 2021

Lake morphometric, chemical, and watershed land-use attributes control lake phosphorus concentration. Lake depth, sediment chemical makeup, DOC, and watershed agricultural extent are the most important controlling variables.
Characterizing photochemical ageing processes of microplastic materials using multivariate analysis of infrared spectra
Authors: Zvekic Misha , Richards Larissa C. , Tong Christine C. , Krogh Erik T.
Published: December 2021

PCA model of ATR-FTIR spectra discriminates plastic types and predicts photochemical age under long-term natural and artificial weathering conditions.
One-point calibration laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for the quantitative analysis of EAST-like plasma-facing materials
Authors: Bai Xue , Hai Ran , He Zhonglin , Wang Xueyan , Wu Ding , Li Cong , Tong Weina , Wu Huace , Xu Guoliang , Dong Dandan , Hu Zhenhua , Ding Hongbin
Published: December 2021

An improved in vacuo in situ quantitative analytical method for the deposited impurities on the inner-wall of tokamak device is reported.
Aptamer selection against alpha-defensin human neutrophil peptide 1 on an integrated microfluidic system for diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections
Authors: Gandotra Rishabh , Wu Hung-Bin , Gopinathan Priya , Tsai Yi-Cheng , Kuo Feng-Chih , Lee Mel S. , Lee Gwo-Bin
Published: December 2021

An automated process was carried out on an integrated microfluidic system that featured SELEX 1) a positive + negative + competitive selection on a single chip and 2) aptamer-based ELISA-like assay for detection of PJI positive and negative samples.
The construction of a seaweed-based antibacterial membrane loaded with nano-silver based on the formation of a dynamic united dual network structure
Authors: Yan Ming , Shi Junfeng , Tang Song , Zhou Guohang , Zeng Jiexiang , Zhang Yixin , Zhang Hong , Yu Yue , Guo Jing
Published: December 2021

A nano-silver based antibacterial membrane was obtained through a united dual network structure.
Correction: Nickel-catalyzed electrocarboxylation of allylic halides with CO2
Authors: Wu La-Xia , Deng Fang-Jie , Wu Lin , Wang Huan , Chen Tai-jie , Guan Ye-Bin , Lu Jia-Xing
Published: December 2021

Correction for ‘Nickel-catalyzed electrocarboxylation of allylic halides with CO2’ by La-Xia Wu et al., New J. Chem., 2021, 45, 13137–13141, DOI: 10.1039/D1NJ02006D.
Designed membrane protein heterodimers and control of their affinity by binding domain and membrane linker properties
Authors: Lan Chenyang , Stulz Anja , Barthes Nicolas P. F. , Lauw Susan , Salavei Pavel , Jung Manfred , Heerklotz Heiko , Ulbrich Maximilian H.
Published: December 2021

A pair of designed transmembrane proteins form a dimer at the cell surface, as seen by single molecule imaging. Changes in the linker length or binding domain modulate the 2-dimensional binding affinity.
The relationship between basic group resonance and quantum yield of high efficiency red light fluorescent solutions
Authors: Lin Yi-Shan , Tsai Han-Yu , Huang Jung-Kuan , Lin Ching-Fuh
Published: December 2021

The fluorescent solution with a resonance displacement of only 12.8 (cm−1) for the CN functional group gives this film a quantum yield as high as 84.8%.
A highly stable and sensitive ethanol sensor based on Ru-decorated 1D WO3 nanowires
Authors: Li Jianjun , Ding Qiongling , Mo Xichao , Zou Zihao , Cheng Pu , Li Yiding , Sun Kai , Fu Yujun , Wang Yanrong , He Deyan
Published: December 2021

Decorating Ru does not effect the morphology of NWs, increased the oxygen vacancies, adsorbed oxygen. This strategy results in a better sensing performance (∼120 to 100 ppm ethanol was increased around 47 times at 200 °C) and humidity resistance.
Photocatalysis of nanocomposite titania–natural silica as antibacterial against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Luthfiah Annisa , Permana Muhamad Diki , Deawati Yusi , Firdaus M. Lutfi , Rahayu Iman , Eddy Diana Rakhmawaty
Published: December 2021

TiO2 material is composited with silica obtained from natural sand with indirect sonochemistry method. The addition of SiO2 increase the photocatalyst activity of TiO2 as an antibacterial against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa.
Electrochemical capacitive performance of thermally evaporated Al-doped CuI thin films
Authors: Ghazal Nurhan , Madkour Metwally , Abdel Nazeer Ahmed , Obayya S. S. A. , Mohamed Shaimaa A.
Published: December 2021

Schematic diagram showing the preparation of the bare and Al-doped CuI thin films for supercapacitor applications.
Correction: Tuning the charge carrier mobility in few-layer PtSe2 films by Se : Pt ratio
Authors: Hrdá Jana , Tašková Valéria , Vojteková Tatiana , Slušná Lenka Pribusová , Dobročka Edmund , Píš Igor , Bondino Federica , Hulman Martin , Sojková Michaela
Published: December 2021

Correction for ‘Tuning the charge carrier mobility in few-layer PtSe2 films by Se : Pt ratio’ by Jana Hrdá et al., RSC Adv., 2021, 11, 27292–27297, DOI: 10.1039/D1RA04507E.
Low-entropy lattices engineered through bridged DNA origami frames
Authors: Gao Di , Ma Ningning , Yan Xuehui , Ji Min , Zhu Jun-Jie , Min Qianhao , Tian Ye
Published: December 2021

Through the bridging principle, DNA origami building blocks are integrated into ordered self-assembled structures. Periodically arranged DNA domains can locate the nanoparticles in a uniform site to achieve precise control of the contents.
Efficient access to materials-oriented aromatic alkynes via the mechanochemical Sonogashira coupling of solid aryl halides with large polycyclic conjugated systems
Authors: Gao Yunpeng , Feng Chi , Seo Tamae , Kubota Koji , Ito Hajime
Published: December 2021

Using a high-temperature ball-milling technique, a practical mechanochemical protocol for the Sonogashira cross-coupling of polyaromatic halides was achieved, which provides efficient access to materials-oriented aromatic alkynes.
Hypervalent iodine promoted the synthesis of cycloheptatrienes and cyclopropanes
Authors: Yuan Da-Fu , Wang Zi-Chen , Geng Rui-Sen , Ren Guang-Yi , Wright James S. , Ni Shao-Fei , Li Ming , Wen Li-Rong , Zhang Lin-Bao
Published: December 2021

A new strategy is reported for intramolecular Buchner-type reactions using PIDA as a promotor.
A crystal-structural study of Pauling–Corey rippled sheets
Authors: Kuhn Ariel J. , Ehlke Beatriz , Johnstone Timothy C. , Oliver Scott R. J. , Raskatov Jevgenij A.
Published: December 2021

Following the seminal theoretical work on the pleated β-sheet published by Pauling and Corey in 1951, the rippled β-sheet was hypothesized by the same authors in 1953.
Internal conversion of the anionic GFP chromophore: in and out of the I-twisted S1/S0 conical intersection seam
Authors: List Nanna H. , Jones Chey M. , Martínez Todd J.
Published: December 2021

The Z–E photoisomerization quantum yield of the HBDI− chromophore is a result of early, non-statistical dynamics around a less reactive I-twisted intersection and later, statistical behavior around the more reactive, near-enantiomeric counterpart.
Instantaneous splicing and excision of inteins to synthesize polyproteins on a substrate with tunable linkers
Authors: Kaur Veerpal , Garg Surbhi , Rakshit Sabyasachi
Published: December 2021

We developed a synthetic route for in vitro polyprotein synthesis using inteins with high control over the orientation and position of domains, as well as linker tunability.
Low full-cell voltage driven high-current-density selective paired formate electrosynthesis
Authors: Xiao Chuqian , Cheng Ling , Wang Yating , Liu Jinze , Chen Rongzhen , Jiang Hao , Li Yuhang , Li Chunzhong
Published: December 2021

A low cell voltage of 2.48 V drives paired formate electrosynthesis at 300 mA cm−2 with double 100% FEs in the cathode and anode.
Near-infrared photodetectors based on CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite single crystals for bioimaging applications
Authors: Yu Ji , Zheng Jie , Chen Hongyu , Tian Ning , Li Lin , Qu Yanmei , Huang Yongtao , Luo Yinxian , Tan Wenzhu
Published: December 2021

Near-infrared (NIR) bioimaging has been realized by an NIR photodetector based on CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite single crystal.
Colloidal quantum dot based infrared detectors: extending to the mid-infrared and moving from the lab to the field
Authors: Nakotte Tom , Munyan Simon G. , Murphy John W. , Hawks Steven A. , Kang ShinYoung , Han Jinkyu , Hiszpanski Anna M.
Published: December 2021

Fabrication approaches, materials, and performance of quantum dot-based infrared photodetectors are reviewed, highlighting opportunities and needs. Device data from 80 articles is provided and analyzed in a publicly available visualization tool.
Dual modification of LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 with MgHPO4 as a high-performance cathode material for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Ge Wujie , Fu Yuanxiang , Ma Xianguo , Li Xiang , Peng Gongchang
Published: December 2021

The surface lithium-ion conductive Li3PO4 coating and bulk Mg2+ gradient doping were detected for the modified NCM622 cathode materials. The interfacial instability and bulk structure degradation were suppressed by the simple dual modification.
Erythrocytes increase endogenous sphingosine 1-phosphate levels as an adaptive response to SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Winkler Martin Sebastian , Claus Ralf Alexander , Schilder Mareike , Pöhlmann Stefan , Coldewey Sina M. , Grundmann Julian , Fricke Torben , Moerer Onnen , Meissner Konrad , Bauer Michael , Hofmann-Winkler Heike , Gräler Markus H.
Published: December 2021

Low plasma levels of the signaling lipid metabolite sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) are associated with disrupted endothelial cell (EC) barriers, lymphopenia and reduced responsivity to hypoxia. Total S1P levels were also reduced in 23 critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and the two main S1P carriers, serum albumin (SA) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were dramatically low. Surprisingly, we observed a carrier-changing shift from SA to HDL, which probably prevented an even further drop in S1P levels. Furthermore, intracellular S1P levels in red blood cells (RBCs) were significantly increased in COVID-19 patients compared with healthy controls due to up-regulation of S1P producing sphingosine kinase 1 and down-regulation of S1P degrading lyase expression. Cell culture experiments supported increased sphingosine kinase activity and unchanged S1P release from RBC stores of COVID-19 patients. These observations suggest adaptive mechanisms for maintenance of the vasculature and immunity as well as prevention of tissue hypoxia in COVID-19 patients.
Speech-Language Pathology Provision During the COVID-19 Pandemic for Children Born With Cleft Palate in the United Kingdom—Parent/Caregiver Perspectives and Experiences
Authors: Southby Lucy , Harding Sam , Davies Amy , Fell Matthew , Wren Yvonne
Published: December 2021

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to examine parent/caregiver perspectives and experiences of speech-language pathology provision during the COVID-19 pandemic for children born with cleft palate.

Method:

An online questionnaire to parents of children born with cleft palate asked about delays and changes to speech-language pathology provision during the first U.K. national lockdown. Parents were also asked their views on the effectiveness of online speech-language pathology provision. Analysis considered variation in speech-language pathology provision by region. Chi-square and Mann–Whitney
U
tests examined associations between speech-language pathology provision and socioeconomic status and child age. Free text responses were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

Results:

Three hundred fifty-six (39.3%) children were receiving speech-language pathology intervention before the first national lockdown. A further 49 (9.0%) were due to start speech-language pathology intervention during the lockdown. Speech-language pathology provision varied both nationally and within smaller geographical regions. Overall, 146 (42.6%) children continued to receive speech-language pathology and 197 (57.4%) had intervention delayed. There was no association between delayed speech-language pathology and socioeconomic status. Older children were more likely to experience delayed speech-language pathology provision (
p
 = .004). Qualitative analysis revealed concerns about access to speech-language pathology, challenges with adequate devices to access online provision, technological problems, and child engagement in online provision. Parents reported online provision as being “better than nothing.”

Conclusions:

Parents/caregivers reported delays to speech-language pathology provision during the first lockdown, but this varied geographically and was more prevalent for older children. Concerns about access to speech-language pathology provision were raised, including challenges regarding online provision. Follow-on work will consider the impact of the delays experienced on longer term outcomes.
Fractional‐order fuzzy PID controller design on buck converter with antlion optimization algorithm
Authors: Ghamari Seyyed Morteza , Narm Hossein Gholizade , Mollaee Hasan
Published: December 2021

The design of a Fractional‐Order fuzzy‐based PID (FO‐F‐PID) control structure is presented for Buck converter in the presence of harmful disturbances. A fractional‐order proportional‐integral‐derivative (FO‐PID) control scheme is utilized initially to damp the oscillations and remove the steady‐state error. To increase the tendency rate of the error to zero, the FO‐PID method is applied to a fuzzy‐logic‐based compensatory stage. At the same time, the fuzzy part gathers the data based on the error and error derivative. The FO‐PID control scheme has the capability to enhance the robustness of the control technique against disturbances and parametric variations. Furthermore, to optimize the control parameters, an efficient algorithm so‐called Antlion Optimization (ALO) algorithm, is used. Utilizing the ALO algorithm for tuning the FO‐PID gains depicts more accurate responses in solving constrained problems with diverse search spaces. Considering numerous disturbances on DC‐DC converters, an FO‐F‐PID controller can be an appropriate alternative since it is more robust against load variations and noise. Moreover, PSO‐PID and FO‐PSO‐PID controllers are designed to drive a comparison between them. Finally, the merits of the presented controller are validated for various scenarios. It can be seen that the FO‐F‐ALO‐PID method provides much better results with faster dynamics. Matlab‐Simulink environment is used for the simulations, and the experimental results are tested by the micro‐processor to validate the superiority of the proposed method.
Classification of insulators using neural network based on computer vision
Authors: Stefenon Stéfano Frizzo , Corso Marcelo Picolotto , Nied Ademir , Perez Fabio Luis , Yow Kin‐Choong , Gonzalez Gabriel Villarrubia , Leithardt Valderi Reis Quietinho
Published: December 2021

Insulators of the electrical power grid are usually installed outdoors, so they suffer from environmental stresses, such as the presence of contamination. Contamination can increase surface conductivity, which can lead to system failures, reducing the reliability of the network. The identification of insulators that have their properties compromised is important so that there are no discharges through its insulating body. To perform the classification of contaminated insulators, this paper presents computer vision techniques for the extraction of contamination characteristics, and a neural network (NN) model for the classification of this condition. Specifically, the Sobel edge detector, Canny edge detection, binarization with threshold, adaptive binarization with threshold, threshold with Otsu and Riddler–Calvard techniques will be evaluated. The results show that it is possible to have an accuracy of up to 97.50% for the classification of contaminated insulators from the extraction of characteristics with computer vision using the NN for the classification. The proposed model is more accurate than well‐established models such as support‐vector machine (SVM), k‐nearest neighbor (k‐NN), and ensemble learning methods. This showed that optimizing the model's parameters can make it superior to solve the problem in question.
Metallic debossed characters industrial online non‐segmentation identification based on improved multi‐scale image fusion enhancement and deep neural network
Authors: Xiang Zhong , Wu Huaxiong , Zhou Ding
Published: December 2021

This paper investigates accurate industry online scene text recognition techniques for metallic debossed characters (MDCs). As MDCs have low contrast with its background and easy to interfere with corrosion rust, oxidate skin or specular reflection and so forth, a multi‐scale image fusion algorithm is first proposed to restore the MDCs’ shape and appearance information to enhance the sample's contrast by using the MDCs' depth characteristic with the help of four‐directional illumination. With this method, the three most important reflection‐related picture quality evaluation standards, namely contrast, saturation, and exposure, can be enhanced simultaneously. Next, based on the fusion result, a U‐shaped network based on VGG‐16 network architecture is used for text localization. In order to improve network receptive fields, an improved post‐processing output module that combines a text sequence score map for coarsening localization with a single‐character score map for fine localization is proposed, so that the network's adaptability and accuracy for long texts are improved. Finally, a convolutional recurrent neural network is adopted to realize the recognition of sequence characters. The advantages and effectiveness of the proposed method are statistically analyzed with the data from a liquefied petroleum gas cylinder annual periodic inspection production line.
A rare phosphorus-rich star in an eclipsing binary from TESS
Authors: Folsom Colin P. , Kama Mihkel , Eenmäe Tõnis , Kolka Indrek , Aret Anna , Checha Vitalii , Kasikov Anni , Leedjärv Laurits , Ramler Heleri
Published: December 2021

Context. Few exoplanets around hot stars with radiative envelopes have been discovered, although new observations from the TESS mission are improving this. Stars with radiative envelopes have little mixing at their surface, and thus their surface abundances provide a sensitive test case for a variety of processes, including potentially star–planet interactions. Atomic diffusion is particularly important in these envelopes, producing chemically peculiar objects such as Am and HgMn stars.

Aims. An exoplanet candidate around the B6 star HD 235349 was identified by TESS. Here we determine the nature of this transiting object and identify possible chemical peculiarities in the star.

Methods. HD 235349 was observed using the long-slit spectrograph at Tartu Observatory, as well as photometrically by the TESS mission. The spectra were modeled to determine stellar parameters and chemical abundances. The photometric light curve was then analyzed in the context of the stellar parameters to determine properties of the transiting object.

Results. We find the transiting object is a low-mass stellar companion, not a planet. However, the primary of this eclipsing binary is a rare type of chemically peculiar star. A strong overabundance of P is found with overabundances of Ne and Nd and mild overabundances of Ti and Mn, while He is mildly underabundant. There is also clear evidence for vertical stratification of P in the atmosphere of the star. The lack of Hg and the weak Mn overabundance suggests that this is not a typical HgMn star. It may be in the class of helium-weak phosphorus-gallium (He-weak PGa) stars or an intermediate between these two classes.

Conclusions. We show that HD 235349 is a rare type of chemically peculiar star (He-weak PGa) in an eclipsing binary system with a low-mass stellar companion. This appears to be the first He-weak PGa star discovered in an eclipsing binary.
Expanding the submillimeter wave spectroscopy and astronomical search for thioacetamide (CH3CSNH2) in the ISM
Authors: Remijan A. , Xue C. , Margulès L. , Belloche A. , Motiyenko R. A. , Carder J. , Codella C. , Balucani N. , Brogan C. L. , Ceccarelli C. , Hunter T. R. , Maris A. , Melandri S. , Siebert M. , McGuire B. A.
Published: December 2021

Context.One of the biggest unsolved mysteries of modern astrochemistry is understanding chemical formation pathways in the interstellar medium (ISM) and circumstellar environments. The detections (or even nondetections) of molecules composed of low-abundance atomic species (such as S, P, Si, and Mg) may help to constrain chemical pathways. Thioacetamide (CH3CSNH2) is the sulfur analog to acetemide (CH3CONH2) and it is a viable candidate to search for in astronomical environments – specifically toward regions where other S-bearing molecules have been found and, if possible, that also contain a detection of CH3CONH2. If detected, it would not only continue to expand the view of molecular complexity in astronomical environments, but also help to better elucidate the possible formation pathways of these types of species in these environments.

Aims.Our aim is to expand the frequency range of the measured rotational spectrum of CH3CSNH2beyond 150 GHz and then to use those measurements to extend the search for this species in the ISM. The new laboratory measurements and expanded search cover more parameter space for determining under what conditions CH3CSNH2may be detected, leading to possible constraints on the formation of large S-bearing molecules found in the ISM.

Methods.The rotational spectrum of CH3CSNH2was investigated up to 650 GHz. Using the newly refined spectrum of CH3CSNH2, as well as additional spectroscopic data on the chemically related species CH3CONH2, a variety of astronomical sources were searched including data from the following large surveys: Prebiotic Interstellar Molecule Survey conducted with the Green Bank Telescope; Exploring molecular complexity with ALMA conducted with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array; and Astrochemical Surveys at IRAM conducted with the Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique 30 m Telescope.

Results.A total of 1428 transitions from thevt= 0 state with maximum valuesJ= 47 andKa= 20 in the range up to 330 GHz, andJ= 95 andKa= 20 in the range from 400–660 GHz were assigned. We also assigned 321 transitions from thevt= 1 state with the maximum valuesJ= 35 andKa= 9 up to 330 GHz. We achieved a final fit with a root-mean-square deviation of 43.4 kHz that contains 2035 measured lines from our study and the literature forvt= 0 andvt= 1 states of A and E symmetries. The final fit is based on the rho-axis-method Hamiltonian model that includes 40 parameters. An astronomical search for CH3CSNH2was conducted based on all the new spectroscopic data. No transitions of CH3CSNH2were detected toward any of the sources contained in our survey. Using the appropriate telescope and physical parameters for each astronomical source, upper limits to the column densities were found for CH3CSNH2toward each source.
Le rôle de la matrice extracellulaire dans la régénération des nerfs moteurs
Authors: Nemoz-Billet Laurie , Bretaud Sandrine , Ruggiero Florence
Published: December 2021

The motor neurons (MN) form the ultimate route to convey the commands from the central nervous system to muscles. During development, MN extend axons that follow stereotyped trajectories to their muscle targets, guided by various attractive and repulsive molecular cues. Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a major source of guidance cues, but its role in axonal development and regeneration remains poorly documented. Regenerating axons are able to return to their synaptic target following their original trajectory. The same guidance cues could be thus involved in motor nerve regeneration. Zebrafish has become a popular model system in understanding the development of the peripheral nervous system. Thanks to the generation of fluorescent transgenic lines and the optical transparency of embryos and larvae, it allows direct visualization of axonogenesis. Additionally, and contrary to humans, its remarkable capacity to regenerate makes it well suited for the study of nerve regeneration. A laser method to ablate nerves in living zebrafish larvae has been developed in our laboratory that, combined with the use of the fluorescent mnx1:gfp zebrafish transgenic line, allows the follow up of the dynamics of the nerve regeneration process. To study the role of ECM proteins present in the axonal path, mutant lines for different ECM proteins (already available in our laboratory or generated in mnx1:gfp fish using CRISPR-Cas9 method) will be used to analyze their role during the regeneration process. These mutant lines for ECM will be crossed with existing fluorescent transgenic lines to visualize different cell types involved in the nerve regeneration, such as macrophages (mfap4:mcherry), neutrophils (mpx:gfp) or even Schwann cells (sox10:mrfp). Overall, this study will depict the role of ECM in nerve regeneration and will provide essential knowledge for the development of new biomaterials to promote the regeneration of injured motor nerves.
Habiter le transfert ?
Authors: Bley Lucia
Published: December 2021

Penser « l’habiter » à partir d’une perspective psychanalytique implique d’envisager le rapport humain au lieu en dehors des frontières habituelles de l’espace matériel et admettre l’existence de « hors-lieux » psychiques pourtant investis par le sujet. Par un cheminement qui va des paradoxes de « l’intime » à la notion lacanienne « d’extime », nous proposons de parcourir une géographie psychique singulière : celle de Monsieur H et sa fabrication d’un « terrier pour habiter ». Malgré un rapport au corps et à l’autre en souffrance, son expérience témoigne d’une tentative ingénieuse et acharnée « d’habiter le transfert », à entendre à la fois comme un espace et un mouvement ouverts entre deux êtres.
Obésité sévère, quelle prise en charge psychologique ?
Authors: Mathieu J. , Petit C. , Lombard C. , Guirkinger B. , Bauchet G. , Ziegler O. , Lighezzolo-Alnot J.
Published: December 2021

Les auteurs s’intéressent aux liens entre la survenue d’une obésité sévère à l’âge adulte et les antécédents d’événements difficiles ou traumatiques, notamment quant à leurs répercussions. Pour commencer, ils recensent les principaux événements de vie difficiles ou traumatiques identifiés dans l’histoire des patients obèses, les définissent, et présentent leurs prévalences. Ils rappellent ensuite les conséquences de tels événements dans le développement somato-psychiques des sujets. Puis, pour étayer et illustrer leurs hypothèses, les auteurs s’appuient sur leur expérience clinique ainsi que sur le test de Rorschach pour présenter deux cas de patients obèses, en demande de chirurgie bariatrique. Enfin, ils concluent sur l’importance du recours à l’entretien clinique ainsi qu’au test de Rorschach au sein de cette population, afin d’initier et faciliter l’expression des affects et ainsi construire et renforcer l’engagement dans une psychothérapie. Ils proposent de nouvelles recommandations pour la prise en charge pré-chirurgicale.
Recommendations of the AGG (Section Maternal Disease) for Myasthenia Gravis in Pregnancy
Authors: Kühnert Maritta , Schmidt Markus , Kuschel Bettina , Schäfer-Graf Ute Margaretha
Published: December 2021

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease with a range of clinical presentations which manifest as combinations of weakness of the ocular, bulbar, and respiratory muscle groups and muscles of the extremities. Young women of reproductive age are most commonly affected. Preconception planning, the impact of pregnancy, prepartum management, drug therapy in pregnancy, myasthenic and cholinergic crises, fetal monitoring, peripartum management including analgesia and anesthesia during labor and cesarean section as well as neonatal management and neonatal myasthenia gravis are described here and the appropriate recommendations are given.
Platelet Dysregulation in the Pathobiology of COVID-19
Authors: Mellema Rebecca A. , Crandell Jacob , Petrey Aaron C.
Published: December 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) encompasses a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.

Patients with severe disease present with hyperinflammation which can affect multiple organs which often include observations of microvascular and macrovascular thrombi. COVID-19 is increasingly recognized as a thromboinflammatory disease where alterations of both coagulation and platelets are closely linked to mortality and clinical outcomes. Although platelets are most well known as central mediators of hemostasis, they possess chemotactic molecules, cytokines, and adhesion molecules that are now appreciated as playing an important role in the regulation of immune response. This review summarizes the current knowledge of platelet alterations observed in the context of COVID-19 and their impact upon disease pathobiology.
Handle with care – effektives Toxizitätsmanagement während Chemotherapie eines serösen high-grade Ovarialkarzinoms
Authors: Holzhauer Peter
Published: December 2021

Hier wird der komplikationsreiche Behandlungsverlauf einer heute 50-jährigen Patientin dargestellt. Operativ konnte bei schon weit fortgeschrittener Peritonealkarzinose keine Tumorfreiheit erreicht werden. Wegen des sehr reduzierten Allgemeinzustands war initial nur eine Monochemotherapie mit Carboplatin AUC 5 möglich. Unter dieser deeskalierten Monotherapie kam es schon nach dem ersten Zyklus zu einer ausgeprägten Hämatotoxizität mit behandlungsbedürftiger Anämie, Thrombopenie sowie Leukopenie, sodass mehrmalige Transfusionen von Erythrozyten- und Thrombozytenkonzentraten und G-CSF-Gaben notwendig wurden. Die weiteren Zyklen mussten mit erheblich reduzierter Dosierung angepasst werden. Unter dieser suboptimalen Dosierung war die maligne Erkrankung progredient, die Patientin musste einen Sigmastent bei symptomatischer Sigmastenose erhalten.

Ab diesem Zeitpunkt wurde die weitere Behandlung der Patientin in einem intensiven komplementär/supportiven Konzept und mit einer individualisierten Chemotherapiekombination fortgeführt. Darunter kam es zu einer rückläufigen Hämatotoxizität, die Chemotherapie konnte nach 6 Zyklen mit einer weitgehenden Remission aller Tumormanifestationen beendet werden. Die genetische Testung ergab eine BRCA2-Mutation. Daraufhin erhielt die Patientin eine orale Erhaltungstherapie mit dem PARP-Inhibitor Niraparib 4.