bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Valuasi Kekayaan Intelektual: Penerapan Asas Going Concern Boedel Pailit
Authors: Pasaribu Riss Daniel Mikhael
Published: November 2024

The concept of Intelectual Property Being Used as a Bankcruptcy Estate is an Anomaly in itself in Indonesia. In terms of Intelectual Property, It is not a commonly used kind of wealth as bankcruptcy estate in Indonesia. Basically because of its unstability in Price, or because of the difficulty to determine the valuation of the Intelectual Property itself. This article in particular, wishes to hopefully helps to learn more about the usage of Intelectual Property ini such cases. The article aims to know, how the process of valuation is managed, the methods and the weigh point on how valuable is on Intelectual Property. The differences of many standards on how to define the valuation of an Intelectual Property makes it even harder to determine which appraisement should be used on these kinds of cases, the availability of authorities such as KJPP, also contributes a lot for the progress of valuatin an asset itself. In terms of Bankcruptcy, in Indonesia there is one principle that is commonly used, The Going Concern Principle, which is a principle that lets a company keeps on running In the brink of bankcruptcy with the hope that it would maintain and gain even more fortune In the future. This research uses a normative legal methods, from data from literature and legal documentation. The results in this study is that, there is 3 definite ways to define the valuation of an intellectual property, which is based on certain things that goes around in the market.
Pertimbangan Hakim: Evidence Process Pada Perubahan Nama tanpa Putusan Pengadilan
Authors: Putri Maya Aprillya , Sulistiyantoro Hariyo
Published: November 2024

Name changes must be made by submitting a request for a name change first to the district court to obtain a determination, which is then continued to the Population and Civil Registry Service to change the identity. The author uses normative research to obtain arguments by systematically presenting facts to solve a problem. In this research, the author analyzed that there were irregularities in case number 149/Pdt.P/PN.JBG/2022. The evidence submitted by the Petitioner to the judge, namely the Marriage Certificate, contained deficiencies and there were witnesses who could not be presented at the trial. This is what the author will discuss in this article with reference to the considerations of the judge who decided on case number 149/Pdt.P/PN.JBG/2022 and the law regarding the name change application.
Prinsip Tanggung Jawab Terbatas Perseroan Perorangan Sebagai Entitas Hukum Baru
Authors: Setiawan Gilang , Kartika Adhitya Widya
Published: November 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic has compelled Indonesia to support its economy through the Job Creation Law. This law aims to serve as an economic growth stimulus, especially for the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector through the establishment of Sole Proprietorships. The hope is that this initiative will enhance Indonesia's ranking on the Ease of Doing Business (EoDB) Index. Despite the implementation of limited liability in Sole Proprietorships, there are challenges related to the doctrine of Piercing the Corporate Veil. This research utilizes a normative juridical method, employing both statutory and conceptual approaches. The study is expected to contribute theoretically and practically by guiding entrepreneurs in understanding the legal implications and providing valuable insights for policy formulation to create a conducive business environment for MSMEs in Indonesia. The research findings indicate that the application of limited liability cannot be fully enforced in Sole Proprietorships. The doctrine of Piercing the Corporate Veil proves that founders are fully responsible in case of legal violations.
Pesantren Education Management: The Transformation of Religious Learning Culture in the Age of Disruption
Authors: Halimah Siti , Yusuf Achmad , Safiudin Khamdan
Published: November 2024

In recent decades, technological disruption has brought significant changes to various aspects of life, including education. Amidst this development, Pesantren-based education, a traditional education model, faces significant challenges in maintaining its identity, especially in maintaining religious culture-based learning. This study focuses on the complex dynamics between Pesantren traditions and religious values and the impact of technological disruption in education management at various levels, such as Raudhatul Athfal, Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, Tsanawiyah, and Aliyah. As part of the approach to Pesantren-based education management, the aim is to uncover the transformation of religious culture learning in the era of disruption, which will then serve as the basis for creating a relevant and adaptive education model. The research method used is qualitative, with in-depth case studies conducted in several Pesantrens. This design is selected based on the phenomenon's complexity involving a combination of traditional and modern aspects in the transformation of religious learning. Data collection techniques involve participatory observation, in-depth interviews with Pesantren leaders, teachers, and students, and document analysis of Pesantren policies and curricula. The study results indicate the importance of developing an Islamic education model responsive to technological advances while maintaining the traditional values of Pesantrens. Integrating modern management, technology, and religious values produces relevant and adaptive education in technological disruption. This study provides an essential contribution to creating an inclusive, dynamic Islamic education that maintains the essence of religious values amidst the development of the times.
Management Challenges for Academic Improvement in Higher Education in The Digital Era
Authors: Damayanto Antono , Anaconda Bangkara B.M.A.S. , Zaenal Abidin Ali , Heryani Ani , Rachmawati Maruf Irma
Published: November 2024

We believe that we can get relevant answers for this study by providing accurate data from studies by field experts. We get supporting data from several thieves and electronically in databases of scientific journals, books, and websites that discuss issues where governance challenges improve academic learning outcomes in the tall tree in the digital era. Furthermore, we reviewed the data using a phenomenological approach, namely obtaining as much data as possible and interpreting it to produce highly accurate and valid data. This study relies heavily on previous studies' peer data or secondary data communication. The way to get it is to search digitally using the keyboard on the school's Google search engine on several well-known publications such as Eric, Taylor, and Francis and several literature databases from national journals. We can conclude that the management of academic improvement can be done by exploring digital and other technological devices based on experts' advice. We hope this result will be helpful in the following studies.
The Existence of Islamic Boarding Schools During The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Susanto Susanto , Desrani Ayu
Published: November 2024

This article aims to thoroughly discuss the existence of implementing Islamic boarding schools and teaching and learning activities during the pandemic and post-pandemic. This research is qualitative research with a descriptive method. The population of this study was 15 teachers in 5 Islamic boarding schools in South Sumatra. Data were collected using questionnaires and interviews through telephone booths and then analyzed using the Milles and Huberman method with the stages of data collection, data presentation, and then drawing conclusions. The results in this study indicate that during the covid-19 pandemic or even post-covid-19, Islamic boarding schools always exist to carry out all routine Islamic boarding school activities. Learning is still done offline or face-to-face. And other activities continue to run as they should while still implementing health protocols. And it will be a challenge for Islamic boarding schools after the pandemic to make changes and creativity so that learning and activities are not monotonous.
¿Es posible motivar a los estudiantes sin darles incentivos sobre su calificación final en la asignatura?
Authors: Trueba Carmen , Remuzgo Lorena
Published: November 2024

Introducción: Durante el curso 2022/2023 implementamos una iniciativa dentro de la VI Convocatoria de Proyectos de Innovación Docente de la Universidad de Cantabria, en las asignaturas de estadística descriptiva del Grado en Administración y Dirección de Empresas, del Grado en Economía y del Grado en Relaciones Laborales. La complejidad matemática, su valor instrumental, el momento de impartición o las características de los estudiantes son aspectos que hacen que la motivación de los estudiantes suponga un desafío para el docente. El proyecto tenía como objetivos hacer más atractivas estas asignaturas de estadística, así como reforzar los conceptos complejos para facilitar un aprendizaje continuo y autónomo. Para ello, recurrimos a las nuevas tecnologías, destacando la gamificación por sus ventajas en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Metodología: En el proyecto se emplearon juegos de preguntas competitivos a través de la aplicación Quizizz. Para analizar los resultados, en este trabajo se recurre a la estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Aunque a priori parecía una propuesta atractiva que utilizamos como trivial anónimo a lo largo del curso, el nivel de participación fue inferior al esperado. No obstante, los resultados de los estudiantes mejoraron en el curso en el que implementamos el proyecto. Conclusiones: Necesidad de ofrecer incentivos vinculados con la calificación final para lograr una participación mayor en estas actividades.
Un estudio sobre la percepción estético-formal en personas con discapacidad visual: museografía-tech para una inclusión artístico-cultural efectiva
Authors: Crespillo Marí Leticia
Published: November 2024

Introducción: En este texto se aborda la inclusión de personas con discapacidad visual en diversos grados en el ámbito del museo (físico y virtual), destacando la necesidad del diseño de espacios que permitan una mejor experiencia estética por parte de este colectivo haciendo uso de tecnologías hápticas, realidad virtual e integrando 3D/NFT’s en la creación de experiencias inmersivas y táctiles. Metodología: Se propone el uso de fotogrametría digital para la generación de gemelos digitales, así como Unreal Engine para su programación con retroalimentación háptica, y su posterior conversión a NFT (Non Fungible Tokens) e inclusión en plataforma digital. Resultados y discusión: de manera prospectiva se plantea una mejora significativa en cuanto a accesibilidad y experiencia estético-formal por parte de personas con discapacidad visual, justificada en fuentes que muestran que esta integración tecnológica facilita una conexión emocional y cognitiva más profunda con la obra de arte. Conclusiones: se recalca la necesidad de abordar políticas culturales inclusivas desde el ámbito de la museografía de contenidos, en colaboración con organizaciones especializadas para asegurar su implementación efectiva, impulsando la innovación tecnológica y fomentando una sociedad más equitativa.
Procesos MetaCognitivos para el mejoramiento del aprendizaje reflexivo
Authors: De León Jiménez Salvador , Zarazúa Vilchis José Luis
Published: November 2024

Introducción: El objetivo del estudio se basa en monitorear los procesos cognoscitivos de alumnos de la Licenciatura de Administración para, proponer la reflexión en torno a la necesidad de fomentar una docencia que involucre procesos metacognitivos en el alumnado. Metodología: se realizó una encuesta de 20 ítem mediante una escala Likert, a grupos, con un total de 59 participantes. Resultados: se pudieron conocer habilidades cognitivas y emocionales en situaciones de aprendizaje, de realización de tareas y situaciones de falta de conocimiento, nerviosismo o frustración, mostrando en todas ellas las estrategias metacognitivas emprendidas. Discusión: se realiza la correlación de los resultados obtenidos con la neurobiología de la cognición, la emoción y los pensamientos, fundamentando con ello, la importancia del fomento de procesos metacognitivos en la docencia. Conclusiones: con base en lo desarrollado, se proponen estrategias docentes para el fomento y evaluación de habilidades metacognitivas del alumnado, pero, sobre todo, para el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico.
Voz e Comunicação em Nietzsche
Authors: Sousa Mauro Araujo de
Published: November 2024

O ensaio presente objetiva possibilitar uma leitura da voz como elemento de comunicação a partir da filosofia de Nietzsche, considerando o conceito de voz no seu plural “vozes”, incluindo a voz enquanto metáfora e vontade de potência, relações de forças e condição de um projeto de valoração na sociedade.  Através do método de análise-síntese, o texto propõe um desafio: o de se considerar essa leitura como provocação tanto para a filosofia quanto para a área da comunicação na formação do que o filósofo intitulava como sendo o “espírito livre”.
 
Palavras-chave: comunicação; filosofia; espírito livre; Nietzsche; vozes.
Barriers to Healthcare Access among Visually Impaired in Iligan City, Philippines: A Qualitative Study
Authors: M. Butalid Roselyn , M. Butalid Jade Voltaire , David S. Nacion Angelo , T. Escasiñas Ma. Arvie Faith , Shiela E. Coyoca Gloria , T. Seno Reya , G. Tabil Vincent
Published: November 2024

Background: The visually impaired population continues to experience disparities in healthcare access, reducing their capacity to meet physical and mental needs. This study delved into the barriers visually impaired individuals face when accessing healthcare to determine how nurses, as front-line healthcare providers, might help this underserved population. Methods: This study employed a qualitative descriptive research design utilizing in-depth one-on-one interviews with fifteen visually impaired massage therapists in Iligan City, Philippines recruited through a purposive sampling technique. The researchers developed an interview guide with open-ended questions for the unstructured interview sessions. The interviews underwent a process of recording, transcription, and thematic analysis. Results: Several barriers discouraged visually impaired individuals from seeking medical care, including challenges related to accessing healthcare facilities due to a lack of support and transportation difficulties. Other issues include inadequate knowledge of healthcare access, fear of discrimination, negative experiences with health services, and financial constraints. Conclusion: Visually impaired individuals encounter complex barriers to healthcare, including the need for reliable assistance, inadequate transportation, limited support systems, and financial constraints. Additional challenges like insufficient social interactions, low health literacy, and discrimination further hinder their access to care. Financial issues often lead them to prioritize other needs, worsening their health. A comprehensive approach is needed to address these barriers, including enhancing support networks, improving accessibility, providing better assistive devices, and training healthcare personnel. Increasing health literacy and making healthcare more affordable are also crucial for creating a more inclusive system that effectively serves visually impaired individuals.
Editor’s Note
Authors:   Department of Integrated Design, Faculty of Architecture, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Samarawickrama S.
Published: November 2024

As the founding editor, it is with great pride that I introduce the inaugural issue of the Integrated Design Research (IDR) Journal, Volume 01, Issue 01. This publication marks the culmination of dedicated efforts to create a platform that bridges design research, education, practice, and industry. The scope of the IDR Journal emphasises the significance of design subcultures, with a particular focus on design in the Global South and Asia. It values the exploration and understanding of diverse design practices, movements, and contributions from these regions, encompassing areas such as society and culture, vernacular knowledge and practice, economy and industries, design pedagogy and thinking, design across technologies, and circularity and sustainability. These rich design solutions often differ from mainstream global trends and bring unique perspectives to the forefront.
ВЗАЄМОДІЯ МУЗИЧНОГО ТА СЛОВЕСНОГО РІВНІВ У КАМЕРНО-ВОКАЛЬНІЙ МУЗИЦІ КИТАЙСЬКИХ КОМПОЗИТОРІВ: ДО ПРОБЛЕМИ ЖАНРОВОГО ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ КИТАЙСЬКОЇ ХУДОЖНЬОЇ ПІСНІ
Authors: Huixuan Luo
Published: November 2024

Мета роботи – простежити принципи взаємодії вербального та музичного рівнів у камерно-вокальній творчості китайських композиторів. Методологія дослідження ґрунтується на комплексному поєднанні музикознавчого аналітичного та виконавського практичного підходів, з посиленням уваги до – принципи стилістичного аналізу та семантичного узагальнення актуалізують застосування текстологічного підходу у поєднанні з музикознавчим аналітичним. Наукова новизна даної роботи полягає у дослідженні загальної генези і подальшого розвитку камерно-вокальної творчості китайських композиторів з посиленням уваги до жанрової форми та особливостей виконавського розуміння унікального явища у китайському музичному мистецтві – художньої пісні. Висновки. Активний розвиток камерно-вокальної музики у китайському музичному мистецтві відбувався завдяки зусиллям співтовариства відомих музичних діячів, педагогів, які не тільки продемонстрували силу музики як засобу впливу, але й відіграли суттєву роль у поширенні та розвитку західних музичних теорій, технологій і форм виконавського мистецтва в країні. Сучасне розуміння художньої пісні в Китаї характеризується як музичний твір, що успадковує особливості традиційної китайської музики та мови, включаючи елементи національної опери з одного боку, з іншого – інтегрує та засвоює ключові риси європейського камерно-вокального мистецтва. Таким чином, дана жанрова форма та відповідний їй виконавський стиль співу є результатом і діалогічної взаємодії та художнього синтезу традицій китайської та західної музичних культур. Важливою та дуже показовою рисою художньої пісні є те, що акомпанемент зазвичай виконується на фортепіано, хоча існують і винятки. Вокальна методика спрямована на впровадження бельканто у сферу народного та популярного (естрадного) виконання, що свідчить про прагнення до інтеграції у китайську музичну культуру виконавських особливостей, притаманних європейським вокальним традиціям.
Польсько-османська війна у вірменській перспективі
Authors: Гейде Юрген , Яценюк Галина
Published: November 2024

У пропонованій статті висвітлено особливості Хотинської воєнної кампанії 1621 р. на основі Кам’янецької вірменської хроніки, написаної вірмено-кипчацькою мовою Агопом і Аксентом. Хроніка є важливим джерелом у вивченні подій, які пов’язані з війною між армією Речі Посполитої та Османською імперією. В статті особлива увага зосереджена на з’ясуванні важливості Кам’янецької вірменської хроніки – як історичного джерела. З’ясовано дати написання хроніки, місце її зберігання та колектив авторів. Також у статті виокремлено роль та значення основних дійових осіб згідно з хронікою: поляків, козаків, німців, турків, татар. Розкрито роль вірменського населення напередодні та під час Хотинської битви. Важливим аспектом є висвітлення ролі авторів хроніки в подіях, які вони описують.
ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ ЯКОСТІ ПРОГРАМНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ НА ОСНОВІ НЕЧІТКОЇ ЛОГІКИ (ЧАСТИНА 1. ФУНКЦІЇ НАЛЕЖНОСТІ ЛІНГВІСТИЧНИХ ЗМІННИХ)
Authors: ПІХ Ірина , СЕНЬКІВСЬКИЙ Всеволод , СЕНЬКІВСЬКА Наталя , КАЛИНІЙ Ірина , БІЛИК Олексій
Published: November 2024

У сучасних умовах розроблення програмного забезпечення важливою проблемою є забезпечення його високої якості. Одним з ефективних підходів до прогнозування якості програмного забезпечення вважається застосування засобів нечіткої логіки, яка дозволяє враховувати невизначеності та нечіткості оцінок різних факторів впливу. В роботі реалізовано підхід до прогнозування якості програмного забезпечення, заснований на використанні лінгвістичних змінних для опису факторів, що впливають на якість програмного забезпечення. Структура публікації передбачає короткі теоретичні описи етапів дослідження, підкріплені практичними рекомендаціями. У зв’язку з великим обсягом, матеріал дослідження поділено на дві частини, перша з яких подається до опублікування.
Виконано аналіз літературних джерел, дотичних до тематики статті. Відзначено, що публікації, які стосуються оцінювання якості програмного забезпечення на основі нечіткої логіки, послуговуються неповним переліком чинників впливу на ступінь добротності програм. Вказане додатково підтверджує актуальність виконаного нами дослідження, в якому вихідна множина впливових факторів максимально повно відтворює характеристики якості програмного забезпечення, наведені у стандарті.
Виокремлено фактори впливу на якість програмного забезпечення, трансформовані лінгвістичними змінними, значення яких описано лінгвістичними термами, що утворюють універсальну терм-множину. Для кожної лінгвістичної змінної побудовано функції належності, що відображають ступінь відповідності кожного терму реальному значенню фактора. Обумовлено передумови доцільності застосування моделі нечіткого логічного виведення для прогнозування якості програмного забезпечення. Запроектовано модель логічного виведення, яка відтворює ієрархію взаємозв’язків між лінгвістичними змінними та ступенями якості програмного забезпечення. Виконано розрахунок значень функцій належності лінгвістичної змінної «тестування», виконаний на основі аналізу та опрацювання матриць попарних порівнянь, елементами яких стали ранги пріоритетності лінгвістичних змінних. Здійснено візуалізацію функцій належності у графічному відображенні, що обумовлює ступінь причетності фактора до певного рівня якості програмного забезпечення залежно від означеного терму.
МЕТОД МАШИННОГО НАВЧАННЯ В УПРАВЛІННІ ПРОГРАМНИМИ ПРОЕКТАМИ
Authors: БЕДРАТЮК Ганна
Published: November 2024

У статті  досліджуються впровадження машинного навчання та штучного інтелекту (ШІ) в управління програмними проектами, демонструючи, як ці технології можуть суттєво підвищити ефективність і точність управлінських процесів. Основна увага приділяється використанню машинного навчання для автоматизації планування, прогнозування витрат, оптимізації розподілу ресурсів та управління ризиками. Описано, як моделі машинного навчання, такі як мовні моделі та метаевристичні алгоритми, сприяють прийняттю рішень у реальному часі, зменшують ризики перевитрат і підвищують продуктивність команд. Кейс-стадії демонструють економічні переваги впровадження ШІ. У статті також розглядаються виклики, пов'язані з інтеграцією машинного навчання в існуючі системи управління, а також перспективи його подальшого розвитку в контексті інноваційних технологій
МОДЕЛЬ ДЛЯ АНАЛІЗУ СТАЦІОНАРНИХ СКЛАДОВИХ СИГНАЛІВ З ЄМНІСНИХ СЕНСОРІВ БИТТЯ ВАЛІВ ГІДРОГЕНЕРАТОРІВ
Authors: ЗАЙЦЕВ Євген , БЕРЕЗНИЧЕНКО Вікторія , ЗАКУСИЛО Сергій
Published: November 2024

Критичне значення для виробництва, передавання та розподілу електричної енергії має стабільна робота енергетичного обладнання, оскільки вихід з ладу будь-якої її частини може призвести до серйозних порушень в енергосистемі, впливаючи на її надійність та якість електроенергії. Важливим завданням є своєчасний моніторинг технічного стану критично важливих вузлів, оскільки внутрішні фізико-хімічні, термічні та механічні процеси можуть призвести до дефектів у конструкції генераторів. Приблизно половина поломок генеруючих машин пов'язана із проблемами перекосу та розбалансування. Підвищені навантаження на опори та зношування підшипників є наслідками цих дефектів, що погіршує працездатність гідроагрегатів. Системи вібраційного контролю переважно використовують акселерометри, але їхня ефективність обмежена, оскільки вони не дають можливості точно виявити місця виникнення дефектів.
Представлено переваги одночасного вимірювання параметрів биття вала та вібраційних сигналів для отримання більш детальної інформацію для діагностики. Показано, що встановлення сенсорів поблизу вузлів гідроагрегату дозволяє отримувати сигнали, необхідні для оцінки стану, а аналіз вихідних сигналів ємнісних вимірювачів забезпечує високу точність моніторингу, що, в свою чергу, підвищує ефективність управління технічним станом гідрогенераторів. Визначено, що такий аналіз можливий при проведенні досліджень на комп’ютерних моделях, основою яких є моделі вимірювальних сигналів. Розроблено моделі вихідного сигналу ємнісних вимірювачів биття валів для проведення аналізу факторів, що сприяють дефекти в гідрогенераторах.
A NOVELTY METHOD FOR PCB DEFECT DETECTION ON YOLOv8 BASIS
Authors: ILCHUK Mykhailo
Published: November 2024

To tackle the challenges in PCB defect detection, I’ve developed a new algorithm built on an improved YOLOv8 framework. This approach is aimed at boosting detection accuracy while reducing model complexity, making it well-suited for detecting smaller targets and functioning effectively in environments with limited resources. The algorithm starts by introducing a refined neck network structure, which cuts down on the number of model parameters and computational demands, improving how efficiently resources are used. Additionally, the inclusion of ShuffleAttention and a BiFPN structure strengthens the model's ability to fuse features at multiple scales, significantly enhancing its performance with smaller targets.
On top of that, I’ve replaced the commonly used CIoU loss function with a WIoU loss function, which makes the model more accurate and robust in its detection capabilities. In tests, this enhanced model achieved impressive results, with mAP50 and mAP90-95 scores reaching 93.4% and 48.3%, respectively. What's more, model parameters, GFLOPs, and weight size were reduced by 33%, 12%, and 32%, respectively, bringing them down to 1.882M, 7.0, and 4.3M. This makes the solution not only highly efficient and accurate but also lightweight—perfect for use in constrained environments like mobile devices and embedded systems.
Difficulties in reconstructing problematized knowledge in the life sciences: A study of an ordinary sequence on natural selection
Authors: Seghir Hakima , Boucetta Najat , Ghariz Ghizlane , Janati-Idrissi Rachid , El Alaoui Mustafa
Published: November 2024

We are interested in the problem of constructing problematized knowledge, based on the observation of an ordinary sequence (in the 2nd year of the baccalauréat). The hypothesis of this research is that certain notions are not accessible to a majority of students because they are not problematized or even taught in a problematized form. The problem-based learning framework offers tools to better understand how students formulate, construct and solve problems, as well as the dynamics of this construction during teamwork. Our study aims to identify the difficulties of reconstructing and accessing problematized knowledge in the field of population genetics through the analysis of ordinary classroom teaching practices. To model and better understand teaching practices, we use tools derived from the theoretical framework of problematization. A detailed analysis of an ordinary classroom sequence shows that students often encounter difficulties when dealing with problematized knowledge. Problematization, in this context, consists in transforming knowledge into a problem to be solved, which requires students to mobilize analytical and critical skills. However, the teaching practices observed tend to simplify this process, focusing more on identifying the correct solution than on the intellectual path leading to it. There seems to be a certain difficulty in accessing problematized information. The epistemological and didactic conceptions of teachers, as well as the usual form of scientific knowledge at school, seem to justify these difficulties. These difficulties, identified by the analysis of the session, can be the subject of ongoing training for teachers in problematization.
Renaissance of the pulp: A philosophical exploration of direct pulp capping
Authors: Bhojwani Priyanka , Ikhar Anuja , Patel Aditya , Chandak Manoj , Bhopatkar Jay , Agrawal Paridhi , Manik Khyati , Paryani Meghna
Published: November 2024

The prevalence of dental caries remains significant worldwide, particularly affecting older adults and socially disadvantaged groups in Western countries. If left untreated, caries can progress through the dentin, leading to pulpitis, pulp infection, and eventually pulp necrosis. However, pulpal healing is possible, even in cases of deep carious lesions, if conservative treatments are applied. One such treatment option is direct pulp capping, which is used for teeth with exposed pulp due to trauma or caries. This case report illustrates the successful use of direct pulp capping, a conservative procedure designed to maintain pulp vitality and prevent the need for root canal therapy and further endodontic intervention. A 22-year-old female patient experienced pulp exposure during caries excavation caused by a deep carious lesion on the mandibular left second molar. After achieving careful hemostasis and disinfection, the exposed pulp was immediately treated with a biocompatible calcium hydroxide material. Calcium hydroxide is utilized to preserve pulp vitality and stimulate the formation of a dentin bridge. The tooth was then restored using a resin-based composite. Follow-up examinations over six months showed no signs of periapical disease or pulpal inflammation.
Reimagining Orientalism for Global Peace in the Changing Context
Authors: Ojha Niranjan
Published: November 2024

Orientalism is still relevant today, even in its changing manifestations, in a world defined by globalization, technological innovation, and altering geopolitical environments. Orientalism was first used by Edward Said to criticize how the West saw the East, but term has since expanded to include a wider range of power relationships, cultural narratives, and perspectives. This article seeks to reinterpret orientalism in the context of world peace by examining its ramifications, difficulties, and potential benefits for promoting mutual understanding and collaboration amongst various cultural and societal groups. Utilizing multidisciplinary viewpoints from postcolonial studies, international relations, and cultural theory, this piece puts forth a nuanced interpretation of orientalism that recognizes its complicated past while arguing for its transformative capacity to foster communication, compassion, and unity in a globalized society. The study employs qualitative approaches such as in-depth interviews, discussions with historians, scholars, and university instructors, as well as library research.
The Kernel of the Joint of Two Operators
Authors: Prasad Shah Yogendra , Kumar Singh Sanju
Published: November 2024

This study explores the differences between kernel intersections and individual kernel spaces in Hilbert spaces. These differences are crucial for understanding the relationship between linear operators and their compositions. The main findings establish necessary conditions for the inequality dim (Ker (AB)) ≥ dim (Ker(A)) + dim (Ker (B) ∩ B′) to hold, where A and B are bounded linear operators, Ker denotes the kernel, and B′ is the image of B. The proofs rely on Hilbert space properties, closed subspaces, and operator ranges. Although the results are presented in the context of Hilbert spaces, the authors discuss potential extensions to other spaces with similar properties. The paper concludes by emphasizing the broader relevance of these inequalities in various fields of mathematics, including functional analysis, optimization, and potentially other disciplines that deal with continuous quantities.
Highland Lake Water Management in Great Asian Mountains:	Significance, Challenges and Knowledge Gaps
Authors: Liu Jian
Published: November 2024

Highland lake water management in the Great Asian Mountains is an emerging issue that needs immediate attention. This paper firstly elaborates the significant environmental services of highland lakes, in particular, the significance of water resources in those lakes. Secondly, the author analyses the challenges of water resource management in highland lakes, attributing to both global climate change and anthropogenic causes. Through the analysis of all the challenges, knowledge gaps are identified and future research activities suggested.
Morpho-metric Characteristics of Glaciers in the Indian	Himalayas
Authors: Ahmad Sarfaraz , Hasnain Syed I. , Selvan M. Tamil
Published: November 2024

Statistical analyses of the glacio-morpho metric parameters show a spatial variation across Himalaya. Glacier density varies across Himalaya: it is maximum in the Sutlej and Tista basin and moderate in the Jhelum and Bhagirathi basin, while least density area is in Arunachal Pradesh basin. Most of the glaciers are simple type while some glaciers are big in size and composite in nature. The single biggest glacier contributes about 30% of the total glacier cover in the respective basins. Length and width change from west to east and consequently the elongation, relief ratio and relief area gradient. These indices suggest that the west glaciers are stream type, while eastern glaciers are patch type and occupied in high relief region.

Health of glaciers can be inferred using Accumulation Area Ratio (AAR) and the average AAR value of the Indian glaciers is 0.48; a state of negative mass balance. A comparative analysis of glaciers' AAR shows that the glaciers having zero AAR constitute about 34% of total glaciers, while glaciers having near 100 AAR constitute about 9% of total number of the glaciers. Correlation matrix between various glacio-morpho metric parameters suggests that the AAR is closely related to accumulation area, length, mean elevation and area.

The accumulation zone is gentler slope area of the glaciers and a slight shift in zero isotherms on the accumulation surface will result in quick shrinkage in accumulation area. It will further contribute to more negative mass balance and development of supraglacial and moraine dammed lake in glaciated region. Present study clearly indicates the high susceptibility of the glacier shrinking in Indian Himalaya in the present climatic change regime.
Oceanographic Records of Microorganisms in the Surface Sediments	from the Bering and Chukchi Seas
Authors: Chen Ronghua , Meng Yi , Wang Rujian , Hua Di , Xu Jian
Published: November 2024

Based on the quantitative study of calcium (foraminifera and ostracoda) and siliceous (diatom, radiolarian and sponge spicule) microorganisms as well as the content of calcite in 41 surface sediments of the Chukchi and Bering Seas, we find that planktonic foraminifera are almost absent in the surface sediments, which could be attributed to the low surface primary productivity and strong carbonate dissolution in the studied area. On the contrary, benthic foraminifera are widely observed in most surface sediments. It has been revealed that the distributions of benthic foraminifera and siliceous microorganisms are mainly controlled by the sedimentary types, surface primary productivity, carbonate dissolution and water masses. On the shelf of Chukchi Sea the surface primary productivity is low due to the influence of sea ice, low sea surface temperature and salinity. As a consequence, benthic foraminiferal abundance and diversity are low, radiolarian disappear and only few ostracoda are counted, while diatoms and sponge spicules are abundant in the surface sediments. The surface primary productivity is much higher in the surface sediments on the slope of Bering Sea than that on the shelf of Chukchi Sea. Benthic foraminiferal abudance on the slope of Bering Sea is one order higher than that in the shelf of Chukchi Sea, and higher diversity is also observed in Bering Sea. Similar to calcium microorganisms, siliceous microorganisms (diatom, radiolarian and sponge spicule) are more abundant in Bering Sea than that in Chukchi Sea. According to the abundances of benthic foraminifera and siliceous microorganisms, as well as the ratio of benthic foraminiferal fauna of agglutinated tests and the contents of calcite changing with the water depth in the Bering Sea, carbonate lysocline and compensation depth (CCD) are probably located at the water depths of 2000 m and 3800 m respectively.
Deforestation and Geo-Environmental Degradation in the Baner Khad	Watershed, Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Rajwant  , Mahajan A.K. , Sharma U.K.
Published: November 2024

Baner Khad watershed, a part of Beas river drainage system in Himachal Pradesh, is experiencing deforestation at a rapid pace. The factors involved in the deforestation are both natural and anthropogenic. The natural factors are weak lithology, heavy rainfall, seismic sensitivity of the area whereas anthropogenic factors involve increase in population pressure and unplanned developmental activities over the already vulnerable area. Only 1% of the total forest cover was lost during 1963–1985 but 15% of the total forest cover has been lost from 1985 to 1995 with 16% increase in the population during 1981–1991. Less Dense Forest with open scrub is being lost at a greater rate than the Dense Forest. The rainfall graph of the area shows a decreased trend in rainfall after 1990. The study shows that the loss of forest cover, especially after 1985, is more related to the increase in the population and urbanization, which has contributed in effecting the climate of the area.
Assessing Drought Scenario in the Vidarbha Region, India
Authors: Sarkar Jayanta , Gadgil A.S.
Published: November 2024

An attempt has been made in this study to assess drought scenario in the Vidarbha region utilizing long period (1901–1996) monsoon rainfall (June-September) data of the region. The analysis reveals that in Vidarbha drought may occur once in every six years. The probability of its occurrence for the two consecutive years is hardly 2% while that for the three consecutive years does not exist at all. During the drought years the region receives average seasonal rainfall of 64.8 cm, 30% less than the normal rainfall, while rainfall in the years prior to and succeeding the drought years is found to be 5–7% more than the normal rainfall. August is found to be the most dependable month during drought years associated with El nino as well as Enso, while September happens to be the worst month with −50% rainfall departure during the drought years associated with El nino. In good monsoon years, in spite of El nino, June happens to be the worst month with a rainfall departure of −27%. Despite reasonably high inter-annual variability, monsoon rainfall over the region has periodicities ranging from 6 to 24 years. Of great interest are the oscillations, which approximately are analogous to double sunspot cycle. Planners/farmers are interested to know the prospects of seasonal rainfall as the monsoon advances, particularly so during the initial period of the monsoon season. Study on this aspect reveals that when June rainfall is below normal there are 37% chances that the season too will receive below normal rainfall; this probability increases to 50% if cumulative rainfall till July end is below normal. Cumulative rainfall till August end generally foretells the possible seasonal rainfall pattern over the region.
Nitrate Concentrations in the Surface Seawater of the Straits of	Malacca
Authors: Yap C.K. , Ismail A. , Misri K. , Tan S.G.
Published: November 2024

The Straits of Malacca is an interesting area for ecotoxicological studies because of its role as a shipping lane and as receiving wastes due to land-based activities along the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. One of the chemical pollutants that has not been reported in the literature is nitrate concentration in the Straits of Malacca. Three cruise sampling from November 1998 to April 1999 were conducted from northern to southern parts of the Straits. The nitrate concentrations ranged from 0.01 to 0.07 mg/L, 0.01 to 0.08 mg/L and 0.01 to 0.08 mg/L, for samples from the first, second and third cruises, respectively. These offshore nitrate concentrations were much lower than those found for several coastal waters (0.17–0.33 mg/L) of Peninsular Malaysia, a groundwater sample (0.88 mg/L) and other reported studies. Although the background nitrate concentrations from the present study indicated that the nitrate contamination in the Straits of Malacca is not serious, future monitoring of nitrate along the Straits of Malacca is needed since it can pose ecotoxicological significance to living biota.
Identification of Contamination Sources of an Urban Grown	Vegetable Using Factor and Cluster Analyses
Authors: Olise F.S. , Owoade O.K. , Olaniyi H.B.
Published: November 2024

Receptor models, Principal Component Factor Analysis (PCFA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) were used to determine the number and nature of sources involved in the contamination of vegetables Amaranthus Spinosus (Linn Species) grown on swampy plots in an urban town of Ile-Ife, southwest Nigeria. The data set from the elemental characterization of the vegetable samples, earlier reported, was best described by two sources: motor vehicle and entrained road dust/soil, grouped as a source. These analyses in addition to the results of enrichment factor and inter-elemental correlation analyses provide information on the source types impacting the receptors- vegetables. The need for legislative intervention in the prohibition of growing food crops especially vegetables in urban centres is recommended.
Minimization of Freshwater Extraction by Using Treated Wastewater:	A Fuzzy-Based Approach
Authors: Chowdhury Shakhawat , Husain Tahir
Published: November 2024

The rapid growth of population, insufficient recharges of fresh water to the underground aquifers and increased agricultural and landscaping activities have stressed on the natural water systems in the Middle East countries. One of the available freshwater supply sources is the underground water system, which is commonly known as non-renewable water source. A large portion of domestic wastewater is currently discharged into the natural water bodies without primary treatment. Being contaminated by domestic use, discharged wastewater may cause serious environmental effects to the aquatic biota. Reuse of this water has dual benefit: reduction of fresh water extraction from stressed non-renewable sources and minimization of environmental effects. This study has introduced a fuzzy evaluation of treated wastewater reuse for agricultural and landscaping purposes. Fuzzy hierarchy structure has been developed to conduct this study. Fuzzy triangular membership functions have been employed to capture relevant uncertainties. The analytic hierarchy process has been incorporated to develop priority matrices for different hierarchy level attributes. The uncertainty in developing priority matrices was minimized through incorporating different experts' judgments from relevant field. Finally, a hypothetical case study was performed and future research directions were outlined.
Bioremediation of Contaminated Lake Sediments and Evaluation of	Maturity Indices as Indicators of Compost Stability
Authors: P. Rekha , Raj D.S. Suman , Aparna C. , Bindu V. Hima , Anjaneyulu Y.
Published: November 2024

Land contamination is one of the prominent and widely addressed problems and is gaining importance in many developed and developing countries. It is now widely accepted that contaminated land is a potential threat to human health and over recent years has led to international efforts to remediate many of these sites, either as a response to the risk of adverse health or essential effects caused by contamination or to enable the site to be redeveloped for use.

Traditional methods simply move the contaminant or may create significant risk in handling the hazardous materials involving cost intensive and potential liabilities. Physical and chemical methods can be effective but are technically complex and lack public acceptance. Bioremediation is an option that offers the possibility to destroy or render harmless various contaminants using natural biological activities. It uses relatively cost-effective low technology techniques, which have high public acceptance and can be carried out on-site.

In the present study, composting is demonstrated as a full-fledged bioremediation methodology for the stabilization of contaminated lake sediments. Lab scale studies were carried out to examine the various bioprocesses occurring in composting using simulated soils and optimized conditions are established for bioremediation of lake sediments contaminated with organics and heavy metals. In order to enhance microbial activity in composting, neutralization of the contaminated lake sediments was carried out by adding commercially available lime and then, organic and inorganic fertilizers like cowdung, poultry manure, urea, and superphosphate as initial microbial seeding amendments, bulking agents like sawdust and nutrients are provided and the impact of their variation was also studied. Continuous monitoring of process control parameters like pH, moisture content, electrical conductivity, total volatile solids and various forms of nitrogen etc. were carried out.

The stability of the compost was evaluated by assessing maturity indices like C/N, C $_w$ (water soluble carbon), CN $_w$ (C $_w$ /N $_w$ ), nitrification index (NH $_4$ /NO $_3^-$ ), cation exchange capacity (CEC), germination index, humification index, humification ratio, compost mineralization index (ash content/oxidizable carbon), sorption capacity index (CEC/oxidizable carbon). Enzyme activities of agricultural interest like urease, phosphatase, β-glucosidase, dehydrogenase and BAA-hydrolyzing protease, which are involved in the nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon cycles, were also assessed. Total content of macro and micronutrients in the final compost was also determined to assess the fertilizer value.
Rhizofiltration of Heavy Metals from Coal Ash Leachate
Authors: Karkhanis Madhura , Jadia Chotu , Fulekar M.H.
Published: November 2024

Heavy metals are leaching out from coal ash in the aquatic environment causing environmental pollution. In the present study the removal of heavy metals from coal ash leachate in the aquatic environment has been studied by using the aquatic plants such as water hyacinth, duckweed and pistia. Rhizofiltration of heavy metals was carried out at varying concentrations of coal ash starting from 0, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 percent. Simultaneously the physicochemical parameters of leachate have been analyzed and studied to understand the leachability. Rhizofiltration has shown that pistia has high potential capacity of uptake of the heavy metals Zn, Cr, and Cu, and duckweed has also shown good potential for uptake of Zn, Cr, Cu next to Pistia. Rhizofiltration of Zn and Cu in case of water hyacinth was lower as compared to pistia and duckweed. This research shows that pistia/duckweed/water hyacinth can be good accumulators of heavy metals in aquatic environment.