bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urban Spaces and the Public Sphere
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G. , Vargas-González Omar C.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this chapter is to conduct a critical analysis based on the institutional design of the democratic processes of the public sphere and urban spaces in the empowerment of local governments. The approach is a theoretical construction after reviewing some important developments in the issues of the roles of the state, economy, civil society, and the media on the decentralization processes of empowerment of local governments in their public spheres and urban spaces. This critical analysis is sustained on the political ideology, macro institutional design, political leadership, and authority developed by the New Left´s theoretical approach. With this critical analysis, it is intended to further develop the ongoing debate on democratic decentralization and the implications of the roles of the state, economy, civil society, and the media on the public sphere and urban spaces in the empowerment of local governments.
Social Enterprises
Authors: Dias Catarina , Pereira Inês , Antunes Mariana , Resende Margarida , Moreira António Carrizo
Published: March 2022

Based on the literature on social enterprises (SEs), this chapter aims to portray the internationalization of social enterprises by analyzing existing knowledge on the subject. To do so, a literature review addressed the steps and procedures required in the process: the drivers, main models and theories, scaling strategies, market selection decisions, among others. It was possible to conclude that SEs' internationalization is multifaceted, still at a growing stage, and needs to be addressed from several social perspectives.
Bridging the Gap Between Strategic Environmental Assessment and Planning
Authors: Campagna Michele , Di Cesare Elisabetta Anna , Matta Andrea , Serra Matteo
Published: March 2022

Current planning practices in Europe are affected by regulations aiming at environmental protection and risk reduction; however, planners face difficulties in implementing the norms. This chapter discusses the influence of the introduction of strategic environmental assessment and of spatial data infrastructures in the EU. To address these issues, the geodesign approach is proposed, firstly analyzing its relationships with the current planning regulations at the regional level in Italy and then its opportunities for application in practice with regard to the Sardinian case study (Italy); secondly, examples of Planning Support System are proposed and tested with real-world case studies to implement the core phases of the geodesign approach. In addition, the benefits for SEA of developing state-of-the-art workflows in geodesign collaborative workshops are discussed. The chapter concludes suggesting that geodesign may fruitfully address some of the major issues in the current planning and SEA practice, taking full advantage of the newly available resources of SDI.
Systematic Analysis of Studies on Emergency Remote K-12 Teaching (ERKT)
Authors: Karataş Serçin , Göksu Hüseyin , Sarıkoç Zeynep , Şimşek Elif , Kandin Emine
Published: March 2022

This chapter examines research to reveal the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on K-12 education. This systematic survey focuses on the literature on emergency remote teaching (ERT) at the K-12 level published in 2020-2021. Therefore, it provides a detailed overview of identified trends and patterns. Based on the findings from 199 articles surveyed in this study, the most commonly used method of analysis is found to be qualitative method, the most used keyword is COVID-19, and the most preferred data collection tool is questionnaire. Moreover, it is observed that the data were collected predominantly online, and the convenience sampling was utilized in the USA, Philippines, Greece, and Turkey. Additionally, this chapter discusses the identified problems, concerns, and crucial points, and provides suggestions for the educators. This chapter is believed to make an important contribution to the literature presenting a picture of emergency remote teaching implementation at the K-12 level.
Multi-Wavelength Spectrophotometric Analysis
Authors: Carrillo-Cedillo Eugenia Gabriela , Haro-Vazquez Maria del Pilar , Gómez-Carrillo Nataly , Sepulveda Marques Ruben Guillermo , Coronel Mónica Graciela
Published: March 2022

On the basis of the absorbance activity law, it is possible to carry out the spectrophotometric determination of two individual components (having totally or partially overlapping spectra) in a binary mixture. This determination can be carried out in a very precise and simple way by introducing ourselves in the multicomponent analysis by means of the so-called multi-wavelength linear regression analysis (MLRA) method that allows easy handling of data obtained at different wavelengths and whose results are comparable in accuracy and precision with other mathematical procedures. Another way of being able to calculate the individual concentration of two components is a mixture when their spectra are totally or partially overlapping; it is the derived spectrophotometry. The objective of this work is to apply the MLRA method for the individual determination of a binary mixture of metformin and sitagliptin as well as to apply derived spectrophotometry.
Dimethyl fumarate as a safe and effective therapy for recalcitrant psoriasis in comorbid patients
Authors: Burlando Martina , Molle Mattia Fabio , Cozzani Emanuele , Parodi Aurora
Published: March 2022

Psoriasis is a chronic condition for which multiple therapies are currently available. In particular, in cases of moderate- severe psoriasis, traditional systemic drugs or the new biological drugs can be administered. However, the treatment of patients who require systemic therapy and have multiple comorbidities can be particularly complex. Some treatment options may be in fact contraindicated or may lose effectiveness over time, reducing the options available to the dermatologists. In such circumstances, dimethyl fumarate may represent a safe and effective choice, also in patients who have already attempted biological therapies. In this regard, we report the case of a patient with moderate-severe psoriasis treated over time with various therapies (including topicals, phototherapy, traditional and biological drugs) that were discontinued due to ineffectiveness or incompatibility caused by the occurrence of concomitant diseases, who finally achieved clinical remission with dimethyl fumarate.
Validity and reliability of a social skills scale among Chilean health sciences students: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Rodriguez Macayo Emilio , Vidal-Espinoza Ruben , Gomez-Campos Rossana , Andruske Cynthia Lee , Cossio-Bolaños Marco
Published: March 2022

Currently, there is a growing need to assess social skills in young university students since the use and application of these scales can provide benefits in different situations, such as work, education, clinical and psychological. The objective of the study was to verify the validity and reliability of a social skills scale (SS) for students from three professional health sciences programs in Chile. This information will provide understanding and development of SS among health care team members and between them and patients. A cross-sectional study was designed with 185 Chilean university students (141 males and 44 females). Students were recruited voluntarily from a private university in Chile. Ages ranged from 18 to 30 years old. Goldstein’s SS scale (consisting of six dimensions with a total of 50 questions) was used. It was administered virtually. Validity was verified by means of confirmatory factor analysis and reliability through internal consistency. The factor structure of the model confirmed the 50 questions and six dimensions of the scale. In general, the model reflected satisfactory values. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin’s (KMO) test for the adequacy (suitability) of the sample was 0.834, chi squared X2= 4344.8 (gl= 1425, p< 0.000). The comparative fit index (CFI) was 0.45, goodness of fit index (GFI) was 0.56, the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) was 0.091, and the % of variance 54%. The communalities reflected values from 0.31 to 0.76. In addition, Cronbach’s Alpha values varied from 0.72 to 0.75. In its totality, the scale demonstrated a reliability of 0.75. The SS scale is valid and reliable. It can be used with students from nursing, kinesiology, and speech therapy programs. The results suggest the use and application of the scale with professionals working in higher education.
Closeness as a mediator in providing and receiving social support on the social well-being of older persons in Kitui County, Kenya
Authors: Mbuthia Kezia , Mwangi Samuel , Owino George
Published: March 2022

Research on the social well-being (SWB) of older persons in relation to social support provided and received has generated considerable amount of scholarly debate. Social support received or provided has been found in literature to produce mixed effects (positive and negative) on SWB, necessitating further research. The current study provides Kenyan evidence to a corpus of research mostly focused on European and American studies, contributing to the current discussion on SWB. Thus, the aim of the present study is to investigate how closeness to close network members (CNM) influences older persons’ satisfaction with social support provided and received. The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional study design and mixed methods approach. Chi-square analyses were conducted, and the results revealed that there was a significant relationship between closeness and satisfaction with providing social support with exact P value of 0.002. In addition, there was a significant relationship between closeness and satisfaction with received social support with exact P value of 0.000 (P<0.05). The research highlights that closeness to CNM enhances SWB when older persons provide or receive social support.
Validation of a Method to Assess the Severity of Medication Administration Errors in Brazil: A Study Protocol
Authors: Assunção-Costa Lindemberg , Ribeiro Pinto Charleston , Machado Juliana Ferreira Fernandes , Gomes Valli Cleidenete , Portela Fernandes de Souza Luís Eugênio , Dean Franklin Bryony
Published: March 2022

Background

Medication errors are frequent and have a high economic and social impact and is critical to know their severity. A variety of tools exist to measure and classify the harms associated with medication errors, but few are internationally validated.

Design and methods

It was decided to validate a method proposed by Dean and Barber for assessment of the potential severity of medication administration errors. A number of thirty health care professionals (doctors, nurses and pharmacists) from Brazil will receive an invitation to take part by scoring 50 cases of medication errors gathered from an original UK study regarding their potential harm to the patient on scale 0 to 10. Sixteen cases with known actual harm outcomes will be used to assess the validity of their scoring. By looking at 10 errors (out of the 50 cases) scored twice, reliability shall be assessed; and potential sources of variability in scoring will be evaluated depending on the severity of each of error case, the occasion when the scores were given, the scorer, their profession, and interactions among these variables. Generalizability theory will be used for analysing data.

Expected impact of the study for public health

This study was submitted to the evaluation of the Research Ethics Committee of the Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgard Santos and approved under no. 3.102.570/2019. This is the first validation of this method for use in Brazil, and will allow researchers to conduct more standardised evaluations of interventions to reduce the impact of medication errors.
Some homiletical perspectives for the Netherdutch Reformed Church of Africa
Authors: Delport Hein , Meylahn Johann-Albrecht
Published: March 2022

This article explores Professor T.F.J. Dreyer’s definition for preaching that he developed for preaching in the Netherdutch Reformed Church of Africa (NRCA) three decades ago. Dreyer’s own homiletical perspective towards preaching developed continuously through numerous philosophical paradigm shifts since 1989. His basis theory plays an important role in the theological training of the church’s students today. The aim of the research is to reflect on the changes, following Dreyer’s homiletical development over three decades. The research discovers a strong prophetical character in the homiletical approach of Dreyer and concludes by asking how a kairos moment of prophetical speech can benefit the NRCA.Contribution: This research hopes to contribute to the existing research that was done in the homiletical field of traditional Afrikaans-speaking churches in South Africa. The research also contributes by identifying some homiletical perspectives that can help the church to proclaim the gospel in times of transition.
The attributes of God in Ephesians and Colossians – A comparison
Authors: Cornelius Elizabeth M.
Published: March 2022

The so-called ‘disputed’ Pauline letters – Ephesians and Colossians – are significantly different from the ‘undisputed’ Pauline letters. Since the beginning of the historical critical movement, it has been recognised that Ephesians and Colossians are more similar to each other than any other Pauline letter. Scholars debated about these letters’ dependency upon each other, and many focussed on the similarities between Ephesians and Colossians. This article is an approach to contribute to the debate by comparing Ephesians and Colossians with regard to their characterisations of God. The attributes of God in these letters were interpreted within the letter structures as part of persuasion strategies, keeping in mind the socio-historical background and purpose of the letters. Where necessary, word studies were done. Finally, the attributes of God in Ephesians and Colossians were compared. It was concluded that these two letters were written each with a specific purpose in mind and that the attributes of God (as Father or Son or Holy Spirit) featured in these letters as shaped by the purpose. This article indicates that the similarities in the attributes of God do not speak louder than the differences and that these letters are unique in similarities as well as differences.Contribution: As New Testament Studies fit perfectly in the scope of In die Skriflig, this article on the attributes of God in Ephesians and Colossians is relevant. The research results reported in this manuscript, fill a theoretical research gap, as it offers a comparison between the attributes of God in Ephesians and Colossians and serves as a contribution to the debate on the similarities and differences between the two letters.
Pedagogical choices to integrate theory and practice: Conceptualisation and insights for literacy teacher education
Authors: Barends Zelda
Published: March 2022

Background: The theory and practice divide is a persistent conundrum in teacher education. Moreover, foundation phase literacy teacher education is no exception because such graduates are expected to acquire knowledge and skills to address the challenges of the classroom.Objectives: This article focuses on the application of an integrated approach to literacy teacher education.Method: This conceptual article is structured to reflect how common pedagogical choices such as service learning, situated learning, reflection, and student support were used to design and enable integrated student learning experiences within teacher preparation programmes.Results: By exploring the educational value of these pedagogical choices that informed the integrated approach, I developed an integration framework to inform the pedagogy of literacy education.Conclusion and contribution: The integration framework reflecting the catalytic pedagogical choices could guide teacher educators regarding the approaches to address the persistent conundrum in overcoming the theory and practice divide in teacher preparation programmes.
Studying the Effect of Garlic Consumption and Endurance Training on Serum Levels of Some Pro-and Anti-inflammatory Cytokines in Female Mice with Breast Cancer - A Randomized Trial
Authors: Enayatjazi Mansour , Esfarjani Fahimeh , Reisi Jalil , Moshtaghian Seyed Jamal
Published: March 2022

Background:

This study aimed to determine the effect of garlic consumption and endurance training on the serum levels of some pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in female mice with breast cancer.

Methods:

This study is an experimental research randomly conducted on 32 female BALB/c mice divided into 4 equal groups (N = 8), including: Cancer Control (CC), Garlic Supplementation (GS), Endurance Training (ET), Endurance Training + Garlic Supplementation (ET + GS). One million cancerous cells were injected to all mice's upper right thigh using the subcutaneous injection method. Exercise groups performed endurance training for 8 weeks (5 days a week.(Garlic supplement groups received 1 ml of the garlic extract orally per kilogram of body weight. The control groups -were not given any task, activity or exercise during the research. At the end of the research, all the mice were anesthetized, and their blood samples were collected.

Results:

The period of 8-week simultaneous endurance exercise and consumption of garlic supplement significantly decreased the serum level of interleukin-6 (F = 75 P = 0.00), interleukin-8 (F = 97.9 P = 0.00), and interleukin-17 (F = 95.7 P = 0.00), and increased the serum level of interleukin-10 (F = 50.4 P = 0.00).

Conclusions:

Along with other existing methods, reduction of inflammatory factors, endurance exercises and consumption of garlic supplement have been proved to be an extremely effective treatment for breast cancer patients.
The Association Between Physical Function and Hyperkyphosis in Older Females
Authors: Mehrabi Marziyeh , Roghani Tayebeh , Allen Diane D. , Rezaeian Zahra S. , Katzman Wendy B.
Published: March 2022

Identifying factors that impact physical function in older populations is important for the maintenance of good health with aging. Age-related hyperkyphosis, an excessive curvature in the thoracic spine, affects up to 40% of the older adults and is more common in older females than males. An association of age-related hyperkyphosis with impaired physical function has been reported in numerous studies, however, other studies have reported that a greater magnitude of kyphosis did not associate with impaired physical function. Given the inconsistencies regarding the impact of hyperkyphosis on physical function, the purpose of our study is to perform a systematic review of the existing studies in order to better describe the association between hyperkyphosis and physical function. Prospective and retrospective cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies which measure physical function by valid functional tests and questionnaires in older females will be included. We will search Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and PEDro databases. Studies will be searched and then selected by two independent reviewers based on quality assessment tools from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). A meta-analysis will be conducted if data reported for individual studies allow. Specifically, if two or more individual studies provide measures of central tendency and variability from any of the categories of physical function measures, data will be gathered for meta-analysis. If a meta-analysis is not possible, data will be synthesized and described in a narrative form by size and variability of effect, direction of effect, and association with hyperkyphosis.
A nursing study on five-animal frolics in improving anxiety and depression of inpatients
Authors: LI Xiaoxin , WANG Xu , REN Fang , GUO Jinyu , ZHANG Shufen , TANG Ling
Published: March 2022

Objective:

The objective is to investigate the effect of five-animal frolics on anxiety and depression of hospitalized inpatients.

Materials and Methods:

Totally 50 inpatients from departments of Internal Medicine, Surgery and General Medicine with hospital admission date between January 2019 and July 2020 were included. All patients exercise five-animal frolics under the professional guidance of the nurse in charge. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess the conditions of anxiety and depression of patients before and after taking five-animal frolics exercise.

Results:

The overall score of anxiety patients was significantly lower after five-animal frolics exercise than before [6.0 (5.0, 8.0) vs. 10.0 (8.0, 12.0), Z=-5.466, P <0.001]; the overall depression score of patients was significantly lower after five-animal frolics exercise than before [6.5 (4.0, 8.0) vs. 10.0 (8.0, 14.0), Z=-5.175, P < 0.001]. There were 26 (52.0%) very effective cases after exercise, 16 (32.0%) effective cases, 8 (16.0%) invalid cases, and the effective rate was 84.0%

Conclusion:

Taking five-animal frolics exercise can improve anxiety and depression of inpatients.
The role of nursing in enhanced recovery after surgery programs in accordance with spine surgery
Authors: HOU Qing-Qing , LUO Xue , LI Hong-Mian , HOU Ying , ZHANG Zhi
Published: March 2022

Spine surgery is typically having a relationship to high degrees of pain and immobility. It is a known fact that the implementation of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) approach has led to a paradigm shift in various surgical specialties. These protocols require doctors, nurses, anesthesiologists, patients, and their families to agree to strengthen communication with each other, and involve a long timeline and teamwork from start to finish. To our knowledge, the role of nursing in the ERAS of spine surgery has not been reported before. The purpose of this study is to summarize the role of nursing in ERAS programs in accordance with surgical periods. The methods applied for this review include literature review of the world's acknowledged databases such as Springer Link, PubMed, Embase, and Wanfang, especially in the period of 2000–2015. A total of 9 studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. The findings confirm that the nursing work continued throughout the perioperative procedure, which plays a key role in the successful ERAS pathway. According to different nursing measures, ERAS nursing can effectively promote the postoperative recovery of spine surgical patients, with fewer postoperative complications and increased patient satisfaction.
Effect of structured education program on physiological and psychosocial outcomes in type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: ZHOU Qianqian , LIU Xiaorong , LI Jianing , YAO Jinlan , LOU Qingqing
Published: March 2022

Objective:

This study was conducted to compare the effect of structured education program versus traditional diabetes education on insulin injection technique as well as physiologically and psychosocially related outcomes in adults with Type 2 diabetes.

Materials and Methods:

This study was a randomized controlled trial. Totally, 71 Type 2 diabetes patients of using the insulin pen were enrolled and randomly divided into the intervention group (n = 36) and the control group (n = 35) according to random number table method. Patients in the intervention group received structured education program, while patients in the control group received traditional diabetes education. The levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood glucose, and lipids were monitored before and 3 months after intervention, and the insulin injection techniques, diabetes distress, and diabetes self-management skills between groups were assessed after 3 months.

Results:

Finally, 65 participants (intervention group: n = 33, control group: n = 32) finished the study. After the intervention, HbA1c was lower (7.42 ± 0.80 vs. 8.35 ± 1.40, P = 0.002), fasting blood glucose (FBG) was lower (7.27 ± 1.06 vs. 9.40 ± 3.16, P < 0.001), and postprandial blood glucose (PBG) was lower (10.33 ± 2.20 vs. 12.77 ± 4.94, P = 0.012) in the intervention group than in the control group. No statistically significance was identified between the two groups in scores of Diabetes Distress Scale and summary of diabetes self-care activities.

Conclusion:

Patients with Type 2 diabetes received structured education program, with greater improvements achieved in HbA1c, FBG, PBG, and measures about insulin injection techniques compared to the traditional education group, but there was no significant difference in diabetes distress or self-management behavior between groups.
Status quo and influencing factors of comfort with touch among nursing staff in rehabilitation department
Authors: TONG Yun Jie , LU Dan-Dan , LYU Mei-Fen , LIU Yan-Mei , TAN Shi-Yun
Published: March 2022

Objective:

The objective of this study is to investigate the current status of comfort with touch among nursing staff in the rehabilitation department and analyze its influencing factors.

Materials and Methods:

The convenience sampling method was used to select 131 nursing staff in the rehabilitation department of 3A-level hospitals in Yunnan Province, China, from March to June 2020 to conduct a questionnaire survey.

Results:

The nurses' comfort with touch score of 131 clinical nurses in the rehabilitation department was 58.82 ± 4.85. Multivariate regression analysis showed that compassion fatigue (t = [FIGURE DASH]2.968, P < 0.01) and occupational social support (t = 2.767, P < 0.01) were the influencing factors of the physical comfort of nursing staff; average monthly income (t = [FIGURE DASH]2.160, P < 0.05), occupational cognitive evaluation (t = 4.924, P < 0.01), and secondary traumatic stress (t = 2.833, P < 0.01) were the influencing factors of task-oriented contact among nursing staff; marital status (t = 2.656, P < 0.01) and occupational social support (t = 2.078, P < 0.05) were the influencing factors for private nursing comfort of nurses.

Conclusion:

The comfort with touch among nurses in the rehabilitation department is at a medium level. Nursing managers should pay attention to their comfort with touch. In order to promote the development of medical service, hospitals should constantly improve the security and social support of nursing practitioners from the aspects of system, management, and salary performance.
Correlation between psychological resilience and burnout among female employees in a shopping mall in Xi Xian New Area, China
Authors: ZHANG Qian , LIU Lixiu
Published: March 2022

Objective:

The objective of this study is to investigate the correlation between psychological resilience and burnout levels of female employees in a shopping mall.

Materials and Methods:

A convenience sampling method was used to select 213 female employees of a shopping mall in Xi Xian New District, Shaanxi Province, in October 2020, who were surveyed using general condition questionnaire, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and burnout scale.

Results:

The psychological resilience score of 213 female employees was 60.52 ± 10.12 and the burnout score was 52.44 ± 10.76. The differences were statistically significant in psychological resilience scores regarding female employees' different age (F = 46.715, P = 0.000), educational level (F = 3.955, P = 0.021), and whether they suffered from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (F = −11.660, P < 0.01). The differences in burnout scores were statistically significant among female employees' different age (F = 19.805, P < 0.01), years of work (F = 53.277, P < 0.01), and whether they suffered from PCOS (F = 16.119, P < 0.01). There was a negative correlation between psychological resilience and burnout (r = −0.787, P < 0.01).

Conclusion:

The psychological resilience score of female employees was generally low, and they suffered from a certain level of burnout. The mall managers should take corresponding measures for female employees to improve their psychological resilience level and reduce the degree of burnout.
Nursing care of a patient with programmed cell death protein-1 immunotherapy-related myocarditis combined with coronary heart disease
Authors: HUANG Wen-qi , QING Yan-bing , MA Li-fang , LI Zhang-qi , SU Chun-xiang
Published: March 2022

This report introduced and summarized the nursing care experience for a senior patient with lung cancer and developed programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) immunotherapy-related myocarditis combined with coronary heart disease (CHD) after receiving said treatment. In this case, immune myocarditis with CHD occurred shortly after implementing the PD-1 immunotherapy, yet the patient presented no clinical symptoms. Frequent nursing attention and close observation are so required for monitoring the patient's status and updating the physicians for a swift control of the myocarditis. For this case, nursing care procedures vital for the successful recovery of the patient included condition observation, position management, pre- and postcoronary angiography care, infection prevention, hemorrhage prevention, venous access port maintenance, pain care, trachea care, psychological care, diet care, environment management, and health education. After receiving effective, successful treatment and care, the patient was discharged after 13 days of treatment with generally satisfying overall conditions.
Analysis of licensure examination anxiety and its influencing factors among undergraduate nursing students
Authors: ABEASI Doreen Asantewa , AGYEI Frank Bediako
Published: March 2022

Background:

Examination anxiety is a concern for educational policymakers because of the impact it can have on the overall outcome of the performance of the candidates who partake in such examinations.

Aim:

The aim of this study is to determine the examination anxiety level of students of Nursing and Midwifery College, Agogo, and Presbyterian University College and to evaluate the factors affecting them.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 160 undergraduate nursing students comprising 80 degree and 80 diploma students were conveniently sampled for the study. The study was conducted in September 2019 using a descriptive cross-sectional design. The Westside Test Anxiety Scale was used to measure examination anxiety among the participants. A researcher-designed questionnaire in which participants responded to a three-point Likert scale was used to assess factors influencing examination anxiety.

Results:

The findings of the study showed that test anxiety was higher among the diploma candidates (M = 3.60) than the degree candidates (M = 2.95) and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.024). Demographic characteristics such as age (P = 0.009), sex (P = 0.003), study hours per day (P = 0.001) were found to be significantly associated with test anxiety. The factors found to influence examination anxiety among students were volume of materials to study (P = 0.044), level of preparation (P = 0.005) perceived difficulty of the questions (P = 0.033) and myth about examinations (P = 0.000). The perceived importance of the examination (P = 0.057) and schedule of the exams (P = 0.68) did not influence examination anxiety.

Conclusion:

Candidates for the licensure examination organized by the Nursing and Midwifery Council of Ghana should be assessed for test anxiety and offered the necessary psychological support where necessary.
Application of five-element music therapy in pain coping skills training in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: LI Suqian , XU Jingjin , TANG Ling , LI Ye , WANG Huaxin , ZHAO Lixue , YAO Jianshuang , WANG Shuying , LI Nan
Published: March 2022

Objective:

The objective of this study is to assess the application effect of five elements music therapy introduced in the pain coping skills training of knee osteoarthritis (KOA).

Materials and Methods:

Totally, 80 patients with KOA were selected and randomly divided into the experimental group (39 cases) and the control group (41 cases). The control group was only given routine nursing measures, and the experimental group was additionally treated with five-element music therapy on the basis of the control group, twice a day, 28 days in total. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) was used to evaluate the functional status of the knee joint of the two groups. The clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated by Guiding Principles for Clinical Research of New Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis.

Results:

WOMAC score statistically significantly decreased in the experimental group (35.92 ± 9.48 vs. 16.17 ± 5.43, P < 0.01) and the control group (36.73 ± 6.42 vs. 22.53 ± 7.51, P < 0.01) after 28 days of intervention when compared with that before intervention; WOMAC score in the experimental group was lower than that of the control group after 28 days of intervention (16.17 ± 5.43 vs. 22.53 ± 7.51, P < 0.01). The total effective rate of the experimental group was statistically higher than that of the control group (82.0% vs. 51.2%, χ
2 = 11.97, P= 0.003).

Conclusion:

The combination of five-element music therapy and routine nursing measures has better effect in relieving pain and bad emotions of patients with KOA when compared with routine nursing measures alone.
Skin damage due to personal protective equipment among nursing staff in a dedicated coronavirus disease-2019 hospital of tribal India
Authors: JAISINGHANI Avatarkishan , GUPTA Vikas , CHAUHAN Amanjot Kaur
Published: March 2022

Background:

Nursing staff are at much greater risk of infection (Ebola virus diseases and severe acute respiratory syndrome) due to their exposure to highly infectious bodily fluids and droplet nuclei and the need for personal protective equipment (PPE) to reduce the transmission risk.

Aim:

The present study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of skin injuries and their types due to PPE usage among nursing staff in tribal India.

Materials and Methods:

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the dedicated coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) hospital for a period of 4 months among 144 nursing staff wearing Grade 2 and 3 PPE kits. Study subjects were approached through social networking websites and survey questionnaires (Google forms) according to relevant guides, and research literature was used to collect the details regarding baseline, duty, and skin injury characterization. Chi-square test was used to find the association between skin injury and baseline or duty characteristics, and the association was significant at a P < 0.05.

Results:

It was observed that 54.7% of nursing staff were working for 6 or more hours and 16.5% of subjects were wearing the PPE kit for 5 or more hours per day. Skin injury was reported by 86.3% of the subjects after using PPE. Skin injuries among nurses were statistically significant with their current place of stay and daily duty hours (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

In this study, it was found that 86.3% of subjects had suffered from skin injuries by using PPE while caring for COVID-19 patients during duty hours, so an effective preventive measure should be adopted.
Insignificant small can still be mighty
Authors: AKPOR Oluwaseyi Abiodun , ADEOYE Abigael Oluwaseyi , AWHIN Blessing , OLORUNFEMI Olaolorunpo
Published: March 2022

The global burden of chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) kept increasing, and it is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity rate in most African countries. The burden of CKD is felt more in developing countries where there is no adequate social security system or health insurance to meet the huge financial demands the disease places on its sufferers and their families. It is also noted that this disease affects the economically productive age group unlike in developed countries where the elderly are more affected. The prevalence of CKD was found to be highly related to age, gender, hypertension, obesity, history of diabetes mellitus, use of herbal medicines, and prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in Nigeria. The majority of CKD cases were not clinically recognized promptly, mainly because of the lack of patients' awareness about CKD and associated risk factors. Therefore, health awareness should be intensified by the nurses on lifestyle modification by individuals at risk of CKD, prompt management, good compliance with prescribed medications, avoidance of self-medication, and indiscriminate use of over-the-counter drugs. In addition to that, nurses also need to advocate for regular population screening, and efforts should be made at all levels of care to reduce the negative impact of the disease and complications on the patients.
Effect of health locus of control on the quality of life among hemodialysis patients
Authors: MOSHKI Mahdi , TAVAKOLIZADEH Jahanshir , SHAHROODI Mohammad Vahedian , NABIANSANI Mahmoud , DEHNOALIAN Atefeh
Published: March 2022

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of health locus of control on the quality of life on hemodialysis patients.

Materials and Methods:

This study is a randomized controlled trial. Participants were 78 dialysis patients among 17–70 years old including 39 cases in the training program and 39 cases in control groups. Kidney disease quality of life-short form and the health locus of control scale-form A were used. Questionnaires were completed before and 8 weeks after the intervention by two groups.

Results:

The results of the paired t-test showed that the mean scores of physical component summary, mental component summary, and components of renal disease in the test group increased significantly after the intervention. There was also a significant difference between the test and control groups only about powerful others.

Conclusion:

The education based on health locus of control can have a positive effect on the life quality of hemodialysis patients.
Analysis of the necessity of implementing the “dual specialty” training model from the perspective of nursing master students
Authors: ZHUANG Miao-Qing , CHEN Hong-Fang , LI Huan-Ze
Published: March 2022

Objective:

The objective is to understand the current situation of clinical practice training for nursing master's degree postgraduates, and discuss the necessity of implementing the “dual specialty” training mode for nursing master's degree postgraduates in China.

Methods:

Phenomenological research method was used to conduct semi-structured in-depth interviews with 10 nursing master's degree graduates, and the data were analyzed by Colaizzi 7-step analysis method.

Results:

Four topics were extracted: The objective of clinical practice training for nursing master degree postgraduates was not specific; the cultivation direction is not refined; the ability of clinical practice is weak; the research direction is not consistent with the required position.

Conclusion:

Implementing special double training mode can solve nursing professional master degree postgraduate education lacking the ability to service the needs of society, graduate students and the existing problems of specialist nurse training and the cultivation of “heavy science, light clinical practice” status quo and the effective way of guiding graduate students career planning, so the implementation of special “double” training mode is necessary.
Analysis of Once-Daily Thoracic Radiotherapy Dose According to the Underlying Lung Disease in Patients with Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer Undergoing Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Kim Byoung Hyuck , Chung Joo-Hyun , Son Jaeman , Kim Suzy , Wu Hong-Gyun , Kim Hak Jae
Published: March 2022

Purpose In the treatment of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in limited-stage small cell lung cancer, the optimal once-daily radiotherapy (RT) dose/fractionation remain unclear although it is the most frequently used. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the treatment outcomes and toxicities of modest dose RT (≤ 54 Gy) with those of standard dose RT (> 54 Gy) and investigate the benefit of the high dose based on patient factors.Materials and Methods Since 2004, our institution has gradually increased the thoracic RT dose. Among the 225 patients who underwent CCRT, 84 patients (37.3%) received > 54 Gy. Because the patients treated with RT > 54 Gy were not randomly assigned, propensity score matching (PSM) was performed.Results The proportion of patients treated with > 54 Gy increased over time (p=0.014). Multivariate analysis revealed that the overall tumor stage and dose > 54 Gy (hazard ratio, 0.65; p=0.029) were independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). PSM confirmed that thoracic RT doses of > 54 Gy showed significantly improved progression-free survival (3-year, 42.7% vs. 24.0%; p < 0.001) and OS (3-year, 56.2% vs. 38.5%; p=0.003). Sensitivity analysis also showed that 60 Gy resulted in better survival than 54 Gy. However, in patients with underlying lung disease, OS benefit from > 54 Gy was not observed but considerable rates of severe pulmonary toxicities were observed (p=0.001).Conclusion Our analysis supports that the 60 Gy RT dose should be considered in the once-daily regimen of CCRT for limited-stage small cell lung cancer without underlying lung disease, but RT dose > 54 Gy did not seem to benefit for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or interstitial lung disease. Further study is needed to validate these results.
On the average value of
Authors: Johnston Daniel R.
Published: March 2022

We prove that the Riemann hypothesis is equivalent to the condition
$\int _{2}^x\left (\pi (t)-\operatorname {\textrm {li}}(t)\right )\textrm {d}t<0$
for all
$x>2$
. Here,
$\pi (t)$
is the prime-counting function and
$\operatorname {\textrm {li}}(t)$
is the logarithmic integral. This makes explicit a claim of Pintz. Moreover, we prove an analogous result for the Chebyshev function
$\theta (t)$
and discuss the extent to which one can make related claims unconditionally.
Applications of Optimal Transportation in the Natural Sciences
Authors: Benamou Jean-David , Ehrlacher Virginie , Matthes Daniel
Published: March 2022

Concepts and methods from the mathematical theory of optimal transportation have reached significant importance in various fields of the natural sciences. The view on classical problems from a “transport perspective” has lead to the development of powerful problem-adapted mathematical tools, and sometimes to a novel geometric understanding of the matter. The natural sciences, in turn, are the most important source of ideas for the further development of the optimal transport theory, and are a driving force for the design of efficient and reliable numerical methods to approximate Wasserstein distances and the like.

The presentations and discussions in this workshop have been centered around recent analytical results and numerical methods in the field of optimal transportation that have been motivated by specific applications in statistical physics, quantum mechanics, and chemistry.
Nonpositively Curved Complexes
Authors: Osajda Damian , Przytycki Piotr , Schwer Petra
Published: March 2022

The leading theme of the meeting was to understand nonpositively curved complexes and groups acting on them. Motivations, questions, results, and techniques being presented and discussed come from various areas of mathematics, including algebraic geometry, Lie groups, metric graph theory, geometric topology, algebraic topology, coarse geometry,

K

-theory, and, in general, geometric and analytic group theory. The subject discussed focused around participant’s latest achievements, and important open questions in the area.
Competencias y perfil profesional de los gestores de medios sociales en los medios de comunicación: detección de una fuerte apuesta por la automatización robótica
Authors: Sixto-García José , Cifuentes Arias Carolina
Published: March 2022

Introducción: los medios sociales, en concreto las redes y las aplicaciones de mensajería instantánea, se han convertido en un canal habitual para que los medios de comunicación distribuyan noticias. Metodología: después de comprobar las presencias en este tipo de plataformas de las televisiones, las radios, los periódicos y los diarios digitales más consumidos en España (n = 35), se utilizaron técnicas cualitativas y cuantitativas para examinar el perfil de los profesionales encargados de la gestión de redes y aplicaciones sociales en esos medios de comunicación, así como para comprobar, a partir de una relación elaborada mediante revisión de literatura científica, cuáles son las competencias disciplinares, profesionales, académicas y específicas que los profesionales consideran más necesarias para desarrollar su actividad. Resultados: los resultados confirman preferencia por las redes sociales frente a las aplicaciones de mensajería instantánea para la distribución de contenidos, que community manager es la denominación más común para referirse a los gestores de medios sociales, que todos ellos cuentan con formación relacionada con Comunicación y que las competencias a las que conceden mayor importancia son las específicas y profesionales. Discusión y conclusiones: la competencia más valorada por los profesionales es el dominio de los medios sociales, una competencia específica de este perfil, pero se detecta que la segunda más importante resulta la utilización de herramientas y mecanismos de automatización para la gestión de redes, lo que pone de manifiesto la convivencia en las redacciones del talento humano con tecnologías de automatización de procesos (RPA).
Using Prompted Reflective Writing to Demonstrate Learning of Physician Competencies during Global Clinical Rotations
Authors: Wells Traci , Parameshwar Pooja , Marais Hendrik , Hoffman Risa , Arora Gitanjli
Published: March 2022

Global health education programs have grown in number and rigor with the development of learning objectives, competency frameworks, and assessment tools. This study aimed to assess whether prompted reflective writing could demonstrate medical student learning of physician competencies during global clinical rotations. From 2014 to 2018, 135 medical students who participated in global health clinical rotations responded to four reflective writing prompts. We conducted qualitative content analysis of 487 individual responses using grounded theory and an iterative process to identify themes associated with the eight American Association of Medical College physician competency domains. In response to prompted reflective writing assignments, students demonstrated learning related to all eight competencies. They reflected on systems-based practice while also sharing their growth in knowledge and skills related to personal and professional development, knowledge for practice, interprofessional collaboration, and patient care. In demonstrating practice-based learning and improvement, students additionally reflected on how the experiences during their global clinical rotations might influence their future careers as physicians. Our findings suggest that prompted reflective writing during global clinical rotations allows medical students to demonstrate learning in the competency domains expected of all physician trainees and to reflect on the application of this learning to current and future patient care. In reading students’ writings, we found that prompted reflective writing during global clinical rotations offers an opportunity for students to illustrate the knowledge and skills they have acquired as physicians in training.
Prevalence of HTLV-I Infection and Its Association with Tuberculosis among Patients at an Urban Clinic in Haiti
Authors: Walsh Kathleen F. , Lee Myung Hee , Brejt Josef A. , Reust Mary J. , Juste Marc Jean , Hilaire Genevieve , Pape Jean William , Koenig Serena , Dupnik Kathryn
Published: March 2022

This retrospective case–control study examined the prevalence of HTLV-I and its association with tuberculosis among urban clinic patients in Haiti. Prevalence of HTLV-I among tuberculosis cases was 2.1% and among controls was 2.4%. Prevalence of HLTV-I was higher in females than males (odds ratio [OR] 2.45, P = 0.020). HTLV-I prevalence in those ≥ 50 years was 8.4% compared with 1.3% in those < 50 (OR 6.74, P < 0.001). We found no association between HTLV-I and tuberculosis in this population.