bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A estratégia de “coopetição” em uma cooperativa da indústria da construção civil.
Authors: Pinheiro Davi Teixeira , De Paula Barros Neto José
Published: August 2021

A relação interoganizacional pode ocorrer de três modos: competindo, colaborando ou um misto dos dois, isto é, cooperando e competindo simultaneamente, que é denominado de “coopetição”. Este último é um tema ainda pouco explorado pela academia e apresenta diversas lacunas quanto ao conceito, contexto, processo e aplicação no mundo dos negócios. Apesar da literatura apresentar diversos modelos de “coopetição”. Sendo assim, este trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar o processo de “coopetição” em uma cooperativa de compras da indústria da construção civil no Ceará. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas e por de documentos fornecidos pela cooperativa, e analisados utilizando o software Iramuteq. Os resultados confrontados com a literatura, evidenciam que a cooperativa, em estudo, é a união de empresas concorrentes que realizam compras conjuntas em condições contratuais melhores que quando realizam individualmente. Cooperando nas atividades longe dos clientes e concorrendo nas próximas aos clientes, isto é, cooperaram na aquisição de matéria-prima e concorrer na venda do produto.
Modelo explicativo para intenção de uso de serviços de fintechs: a perspectiva dos consumidores brasileiros das gerações Y e Z
Authors: Almeida Caio Bernardo Santos , Araújo Marley Rosana Melo de , Luft Maria Conceição Melo Silva
Published: August 2021

Este estudo objetivou verificar a influência de atributos do indivíduo referentes à inovação e de variáveis perceptivas sobre a intenção de uso de serviços de fintechs, por consumidores brasileiros das gerações Y e Z, usuários e não usuários dessas startups. Após adequação teórica ao contexto brasileiro (back translation, análises semântica e de juízes) e adaptação de itens do instrumento de Chauhan, Yadav e Choudhary (2019), 297 indivíduos responderam-no em um survey online. O modelo teórico da pesquisa foi testado no software AMOS v.22, pela técnica Path Analysis e, após poucos ajustes, apresentou 62% de poder explicativo da intenção de uso. Domínio da Inovação Específica influencia a percepção de utilidade e de facilidade de uso de fintechs. Por sua vez, estes dois indicadores de percepção são os que mais influenciam na intenção de uso de serviços de fintechs, prevalecendo a contribuição explicativa de Utilidade Percebida.
Emissão segura de diplomas digitais através do registro em Blockchain
Authors: De Morais Anderson Melo , Lins Fernando Antonio Aires , Mendonça Sérgio Francisco Tavares de Oliveira
Published: August 2021

Com o avanço das tecnologias, e o aumento da quantidade de informações geradas, surgem novas discussões relacionadas à segurança dos sistemas. Este artigo propõe o uso de Blockchain para conferir um maior nível de segurança ao processo de emissão de diplomas digitais por instituições de ensino superior. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica para compreender os recursos de segurança da Blockchain e o nível de confiança que ela apresenta, também procurou-se conhecer o processo de emissão de diplomas pelas universidades, e quais estratégias de segurança são utilizadas. Em seguida, desenvolve-se uma aplicação web e uma simulação de Blockchain, para demonstrar a emissão de um diploma digital e o seu registro. O sistema permite também a validação dos diplomas emitidos, realizando para isso uma consulta em vários níveis, verificando se o documento está registrado no banco de dados do sistema e na Blockchain, para dessa forma, comprovar a sua fidedignidade.
CRÉDITO CONSIGNADO E O RISCO DE ENDIVIDAMENTO: PERFIL DOS SERVIDORES E DIAGNÓSTICO NA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DE PERNAMBUCO
Authors: Da Silva Juliana Marçal , Gois Marcos Roberto
Published: August 2021

O crédito consignado, espécie de operação de crédito para empréstimo pessoal, dotado de taxas de juros abaixo das praticadas pelo mercado e com cobrança das parcelas fixas mensais em folha de pagamento, representa uma alternativa atrativa para os servidores públicos. Porém, se utilizado sem o devido planejamento pode acarretar fortes impactos na vida do contratante. Diante disso, este artigo buscou fornecer um panorama acerca dos empréstimos consignados na Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco – UFRPE além de identificar o perfil dos servidores técnico-administrativos ativos do campus Sede da que são usuários desse crédito. Para tanto, foram analisados dados do Demonstrativo de Despesas com Pessoal, assim como aplicou-se um questionário survey com realização da estatística descritiva de frequência e tabelas de referência cruzada. Constatou-se que o (%) da folha referente a consignação nos bancos analisados foi de 5,13% e 3,22%, no período de maio/2019 e novembro/2019). E que embora comprometam parcela significativa da renda com despesas, demonstraram consciência acerca do uso do crédito ao evitar o uso das modalidades tidas como mais custosas.
Do público para o público: uma proposta para compras públicas da agricultura familiar pelo Hospital Universitário HU-UFGD
Authors: Chiariello Caio Luis , Maidana Kamila Morandim
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo aborda a oportunidade de aplicação da modalidade compra institucional do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos – PAA - no HU/UFGD.   Foram analisadas as condições de demanda de alimentos pelo HU/UFGD, que se mostrou grande comprador de hortifrutigranjeiros da região. Foram analisadas também as condições de oferta de alimentos pelos agricultores familiares da região, de onde pode-se verificar que há interesse dos agricultores em vender para o HU/UFGD, sendo este um recurso que contribuirá positivamente para a melhoria de renda da população. A partir daí, foi elaborada uma proposta de melhoria que trata desde o planejamento da compra até a fase de pagamento dos agricultores. Espera-se, como alguns dos benefícios desta proposta de melhoria, entendida enquanto projeto-piloto, a adequação do órgão à legislação vigente e o fomento de uma política pública de incentivo à agricultura familiar local.
Análise das práticas de gestão de riscos corporativos no setor público: Caso Colégio Pedro II
Authors: Simões Rachel Da Costa , Rocha Saulo Barroso
Published: August 2021

Apesar da gestão de riscos corporativos ter entrado no setor público brasileiro como uma demanda legal, a forma como é implementada nas instituições não é empiricamente explorada. Este estudo objetiva analisar a natureza e dinâmica das práticas de gestão de riscos no caso do Colégio Pedro II, por meio de uma base conceitual voltada para análise da racionalidade de risco, especialistas em incerteza e tecnologias. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa de estudo de caso de abordagem qualitativa, de natureza descritiva e exploratória, por meio de observação participante, documentos institucionais e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Para a análise dos resultados, empregou-se o método de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados mostram que a vinculação da gestão de riscos ao planejamento estratégico, o engajamento da Alta Administração, conhecimento e integração entre os atores envolvidos interferem na tentativa de criar uma gestão de risco direcionada para melhoria do desempenho institucional.
Melhores Práticas de Comunicação em Desenvolvimento Distribuído de Software: Uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura
Authors: De Farias Junior Ivaldir Honório , Torcate Arianne , Gois Denis
Published: August 2021

O desenvolvimento de software está se tornando cada vez mais abrangente e as empresas estão aderindo a distribuição de suas equipes de desenvolvimento. Para a operacionalização eficaz dos processos de desenvolvimento de software, práticas de comunicação devem ser bem estabelecidas para não haver confronto de ideias, conflitos e falta de colaboração entre os envolvidos. Na literatura, é evidenciado que a comunicação das equipes no contexto distribuído é um dos desafios prevalentes para os gestores de projetos. Nesse cenário, este artigo apresenta uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL) que abrangeu 18 bases de dados e teve como objetivo identificar práticas que influenciam diretamente na comunicação de equipes de desenvolvimento de software distribuído (DDS). Como resultados, apresentamos 37 práticas que são recomendadas para obtenção de um melhor fluxo de comunicação nas equipes de DDS.
How do we generalize?
Authors: Taylor Jessica Elizabeth , Cortese Aurelio , Barron Helen C. , Pan Xiaochuan , Sakagami Masamichi , Zeithamova Dagmar
Published: August 2021

Humans and animals are able to generalize or transfer information from previous experience so that they can behave appropriately in novel situations. What mechanisms–computations, representations, and neural systems–give rise to this remarkable ability? The members of this Generative Adversarial Collaboration (GAC) come from a range of academic backgrounds but are all interested in uncovering the mechanisms of generalization. We started out this GAC with the aim of arbitrating between two alternative conceptual accounts: (1) generalization stems from integration of multiple experiences into summary representations that reflect generalized knowledge, and (2) generalization is computed on-the-fly using separately stored individual memories. Across the course of this collaboration, we found that–despite using different terminology and techniques, and although some of our specific papers may provide evidence one way or the other–we in fact largely agree that both of these broad accounts (as well as several others) are likely valid. We believe that future research and theoretical synthesis across multiple lines of research is necessary to help determine the degree to which different candidate generalization mechanisms may operate simultaneously, operate on different scales, or be employed under distinct conditions. Here, as the first step, we introduce some of these candidate mechanisms and we discuss the issues currently hindering better synthesis of generalization research. Finally, we introduce some of our own research questions that have arisen over the course of this GAC, that we believe would benefit from future collaborative efforts.
Coping: estratégias de enfrentamento de profissionais da saúde atuantes na assistência durante o contexto de combate à pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Santos Sousa Eder , Hisako Vicente Hidaka Aline
Published: August 2021

A pandemia da COVID-19 tem causado impactos em diversas áreas da sociedade brasileira principalmente no que diz respeito ao SUS que precisou de adaptações para combater de maneira eficiente o novo coronavírus. Nesse contexto de exigências e mudanças constantes, os profissionais de saúde foram afetados tanto fisicamente, devido à possibilidade de contaminação e jornadas exaustivas de trabalho, como também psicologicamente, com a manifestação de sintomas como ansiedade, medo, estresse e depressão. Essa pesquisa teve caráter quantitativo com o objetivo de levantar informações a respeito das estratégias individuais que são utilizadas para adaptação e superação de contextos estressantes e adversos, processo também conhecido como coping. A amostra foi constituída por 22 profissionais de saúde (5 da enfermagem, 4 da fisioterapia, 5 da nutrição e 8 da psicologia) que estão ou estiveram atuando dentro do fluxograma assistencial descrito no Plano de Contingência do Distrito Federal para o combate a pandemia da COVID-19. Realizou-se a aplicação do Inventário de Estratégias de Coping de Folkman e Lazarus adaptado para o português, utilizando uma plataforma online de formulários. Os resultados demonstraram que a estratégia mais utilizada pelos profissionais foi “reavaliação positiva” (18%), seguida de “suporte social” (16%), “autocontrole” (15%), “resolução de problemas” (14%), “fuga-esquiva” (12%), “afastamento” (9%), “confronto” (9%) e a estratégia menos utilizada foi “aceitação de responsabilidade” (7%). Embora existam algumas diferenças relacionadas à utilização das estratégias ao comparar as profissões, é possível observar que elas convergem no sentido de um enfrentamento mais positivo e consciente diante deste contexto.

Palavras-chave: Coping; estratégias de enfrentamento; profissionais da saúde; saúde mental
Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde Mental do adulto: fazer mais do mesmo ou provocar mudanças?
Authors: Sousa de Oliveira Daniela , Giordana E. Peixoto Helicínia
Published: August 2021

Trata-se de um projeto de conclusão profissional do Programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde Mental do Adulto (ESCS/FEPECS), que utilizou a aplicação de um formulário com perguntas abertas e fechadas, encaminhadas pelo Google Forms a residentes, preceptores e tutores do programa, com o objetivo de discutir intervenções que provocaram mudanças nos serviços de saúde mental do Distrito Federal. Ao analisar os relatos dos participantes, foi possível identificar que os envolvidos estão provocando mudanças significativas nos processos e metodologias de trabalho na saúde mental. Tendo como pano de fundo a reforma psiquiátrica, os residentes multiprofissionais possibilitam o desenvolvimento de ações e serviços frente aos enfrentamentos e dificuldades vivenciadas pelos trabalhadores da saúde mental. A presença da residência possibilita transformações e oxigena os processos de trabalho, o qual evidencia o aprimoramento profissional e trocas de saberes entre envolvidos.
Editorial
Authors: Gonçalves da Silva Gomes Demetrio Antonio , Guimarães Campos Vanessa Dalva
Published: August 2021

EDITORIAL
Peningkatan Berpikir Kreatif dan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Melalui Model Think Pair And Share pada Materi Keberagaman Masyarakat
Authors: Puswati Puswati
Published: August 2021

Telah dilakukan penelitiaan tindakan kelas di SMP 30 Semarang pada materi keberagaman masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar dan keaktifan siswa dengan Model Think Pair and Share. Sampel dalam penelitian yaitu kelas VII dengan jumlah 32 siswa. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan berdasarkan rendahnya kekretifan siswa dan hasil belajar yang kurang optimal.  Hal ini dipertegas dengan nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh siswa yang sangat jauh dari kriteria  nilai yang sudah ditetapkan (KKM). Berdasarkan analisis nilai ulangan harian reratanya hanya 60 sedangkan ketuntasan belajar secara klasikal hanya mencapai 18,4%. Penelitian ini menemukan 3 temuan yaitu pertama, pembelajaran dengan Model Think Pair and Share dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar dan kreatifitas peserta didik selama dua siklus penelitian. Kedua, peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik yaitu pada siklus I sebesar dengan rata-rata 80.3 menjadi 86.9. Sedangkan kentuntasan klasikalnya naik sebesar 6 % yaitu 87.5% pada siklus menjadi 93.5% pada siklus 2. Ketiga, peningkatan kekreatifitas siswa terdapat sebesar 8.75% yaitu dari 73.75% pada siklus 1 menjadi 82.5% pada siklus 2. Pembejaran Model Think Pair and Share bisa digunakan sebagai media alternatif dalam pelajaran PPKn. Hal ini juga bisa diterapkan pada mata pelajaran lainnya juga.
Peningkatan Kinerja Guru dalam Pembuatan Video Pembelajaran Daring melalui Supervisi Individual SD Negeri Kemijen 01 Kota Semarang
Authors: Suhartiningsih Suhartiningsih
Published: August 2021

Latar belakang masalah penelitian ini untuk mengetahui proses pelaksanaan pembuatan video pembelajaran daring melalui supervisi individual dan  hasil peningkatan  kinerja guru setelah melakukan  pembuatan video pembelajaran daring melalui Supervisi Individual.Metode penelitian  yang digunakan yaitu metode penelitian tindakan sekolah (PTS) dan data yang digunakan adalah kinerja  guru dalam pembuatan video pembelajaran daring melalui supervisi individual. sampel penelitian ini adalah guru SD Negeri Kemijen 01 Kota Semarang yang berjumlah 13 orang.Hasil penelitian peningkatan kinerja guru dalam pembuatan video pembelajaran daring melalui supervisi individual, semakin meningkat hal ini dibuktikan selama penelitian berlangsung dari siklus I prosentasi rata – rata 62% dapat ditingkatkan pada siklus II menjadi 78% dengan predikat baik. Supervisi individual dalam pembuatan video  .
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR MATA KULIAH ETIKA PROFESI TEKNOLOGI PENDIDIKAN MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS E-LEARNING FIPP UNDIKMA
Authors: ZINNURAIN ZINNURAIN , SAKTI HADI GUNAWAN
Published: August 2021

Tujuan Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah untuk mengetahui hasil belajar mata kuliah Etika Profesi Teknologi Pendidikan Mahamahasiswa Semester II di Fakultas Ilmu pendidikan dan Psikologi (FIPP) Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika semester genap tahun ajaran 2020/2021 sebelum dan sesudah penerapan e-leaning. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pre- eksperimen one group pre-test post-test design. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah Mahamahasiswa Semester II Progra Studi Teknologi Pendidikan FIPP UNDIKMA serta objek penelitian ini adalah hasil belajar mata kuliah Etika Profesi Teknologi Pendidikan. Metode pengumpulan data berupa test. Sedangkan analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah studi komparatif dengan uji t. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa rata-rata hasil belajar sebelum penerapan e-learning yang diperoleh melalui pre-test sebesar 64,157, rata-rata sesudah penerapan e-learning yang diperoleh dari post-test sebesar 75,842, dan nilai probabilitas 0,000 <0,05, maka Ho ditolak, yang berarti hasil belajar Mahamahasiswa sebelum dan sesudah penerapan media e-learning adalah berbeda. Sehingga dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa rata-rata hasil belajar Mahamahasiswa sebelum dan sesudah penerapan media e-learning adalah berbeda.
PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI GURU DALAM PENYUSUNAN PENELITIAN TINDAKAN KELAS (PTK) MELALUI BIMBINGAN BERBASIS MGMP DI SMKN 7 MUARO JAMBI TAHUN PELAJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: SIAGIAN LASA
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas penerapan bimbingan kelompok berbasis kegiatan Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran (MGMP) dalam meningkatkan kompetensi guru SMK Negeri 7 Muaro Jambi Provinsi Jambi dalam menyusun Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Penelitian ini dipusatkan di SMK Negeri 7 Muaro Jambi sebagai tempat diselenggarakannya MGMP. Subyek penelitian yaitu dewan guru berjumlah 30 orang. Pelaksanaan Penelitian Tindakan Sekolah (PTS) ini dilakukan sebanyak 2 siklus. Masing-masing siklus terdapat empat tahapan yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Keberhasilan dalam penelitian ini adalah meningkatkanya kompetensi Guru SMK Negeri 7 Muaro Jambi adalah dengan indikator yaitu: jika > 10 % dari jumlah peserta bimbingan telah memperoleh nilai rata-rata ? 85,00. Hasil Penelitian Tindakan Sekolah (PTS) pada siklus II diperoleh data sebagai berikut ; 1) observasi pengawas (4,22), 2) observasi guru (4,14), 3) hasil kerja secara klasikal (84,02). Indikator keberhasilan telah terlampaui Penelitian Tindakan Sekolah (PTS) dinyatakan berhasil, dan penelitian dihentikan pada siklus II. Bimbingan kelompok yang dilakukan terbukti efektif dalam upaya meningkatkan kompetensi guru SMK Negeri 7 Muaro Jambi dalam penyusunan proposal PTK karena 90 % dari jumlah peserta sebanyak 30 orang guru telah berhasil menyusun proposal PTK sesuai harapan.
Management of a Unique Presentation of a Common Dermatologic Condition
Authors: Schukow Casey P. , Schaeffer Madeline , Boss Katherine , Fivenson David
Published: August 2021

CONTEXT

Skin rashes are a common complaint seen in the primary care setting. There are many dermatologic conditions which a primary care provider (PCP) should be able to recognize and manage. One such condition is granuloma annulare (GA), which commonly presents as smooth, annular plaques on the trunk and/or extremities. Rashes like GA rarely present as unique variants and may be difficult for PCPs to determine from patient history and physical exam alone. Patch granuloma annulare (patch GA) is an example that may clinically mimic a cutaneous lymphoma known as mycosis fungoides (MF). PCPs should ideally be able to recognize the utility of performing a skin biopsy and/or referring the patient to a dermatologist when history and physical exam alone are insufficient. The histologic findings of skin biopsies often become essential in establishing a proper diagnosis and guiding patient management in unique dermatologic variants.

EXAMPLE CASE

The patient in this clinical practice report is a Caucasian female in her late 60s who presented to a dermatology clinic with a two-year history of a worsening widespread eruption on her trunk and extremities. She had been evaluated previously by her PCP about 4 months prior and, without obtaining skin biopsies, treated her with a medium potency topical corticosteroid cream. The eruption had spread over her hips, buttocks, back, thighs, wrists, and elbows. Multiple skin biopsies of affected sites were taken by the second author and revealed findings consistent with patch GA. The patient was started on topical betamethasone dipropionate 0.05% ointment twice daily and noted marked improvement of her symptoms.

CONCLUSIONS

Although GA is a benign condition of the skin that may be readily detected by PCPs, skin biopsies may be necessary to establish a proper diagnosis when this condition presents as a unique variant (e.g., patch GA). Therapy for patch GA often begins with a trial of high-potency topical steroid therapy in combination with ultraviolet light exposure, depending on disease severity and patient preference. Early evaluation with a skin biopsy by her PCP or an earlier referral to a dermatologist to have skin biopsies performed likely would have helped establish a prompter diagnosis and treatment plan for this patient.
Can Carpal Tunnel Syndrome be Appropriately Diagnosed in a Cold Hand?
Authors: Andary Michael T. , Parkhurst Drew B. , Bernaiche Maurice R. , Figueroa Jose S. , Kumaraswamy Lata , Manzi Suzanne M. , O'Connor Ryan A. , Parrington Ingrid P. , Sylvain Jim R.
Published: August 2021

INTRODUCTION

The diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) with nerve conduction studies traditionally involves warming the hand to avoid misleading prolongation of distal latency (DL). Comparing the median nerve DL to the ulnar and radial nerves using the combined sensory index (CSI) has been reported to improve the accuracy of CTS diagnosis. During this study, the authors examined the effect of hand temperature on the CSI and diagnosis of CTS.

METHODS

The authors conducted a prospective, controlled, cohort study with 20 asymptomatic control patients and 21 symptomatic patients with confirmed CTS. Symptomatic patients underwent nerve conduction studies with the CSI calculated under both cold and warm conditions.

RESULTS

Control subjects with warm hands had an average CSI of 0.0 milliseconds (ms), and -0.3ms with cold hands. CTS subjects with warm hands had an average CSI of 3.2ms, and 3.7ms with cold hands. Although hand temperature was shown to slow sample latencies, differences calculated with the CSI did not misclassify any of the 41 sample subjects.

CONCLUSIONS

During this study, cold temperature did not result in misclassification of either control patients or CTS patients when CSI was diagnostically used. Based on these results, peak latency comparisons in cold hands can be considered as diagnostically reliable as under standard hand temperature ranges for the diagnosis of CTS, with caution warranted in borderline cases. This diagnostic technique can save time for the patient, physician, and care team without compromising quality of care. Future larger sample blinded studies at multiple electrodiagnostic sites are indicated.
An Omitted Radiological finding in the Pediatric Age Group: Physiological Sacroiliac Joint Vacuum Normal Variant
Authors: Doğan Emrah , Aydoğmuş Hüseyin , Aydoğmuş Sinem
Published: August 2021

INTRODUCTION

Gas accumulation in human joint spaces has been generally described as the vacuum phenomenon (VP). To date, the sacroiliac joint VP has been associated mostly with pathological, particularly degenerative conditions (e.g., arthritis, obesity, discal degenerations, fractures, dislocations, avascular necrosis).

OBJECTIVE

The study aimed to examine the characteristics of the physiological form of VP and its radiological patterns in a sample of pediatric patients.

METHODS

A sample of seventy patients between 0 and 17 years old (mean age, 11.4 ± 5.54) were included in the study. Sample VP cases was evaluated according to types, age group, anatomic localization, gender, and sides. RESULTS: Two (2.9%) of sample children had degenerative VP, with 24 (34.2%) of patients demonstrating physiological VP in the sacroiliac joints. VP rates significantly increased after nine years of age (p < 0.01) and 83% of physiological VP cases were determined to be bilateral.

CONCLUSIONS

Although degenerative VP is a rare entity in children, non-pathological VP can be a more common aspect of sacroiliac anatomy. Although sacroiliac VP is frequently an underreported or omitted finding in imaging studies, this condition may be clinically important as a clue for other degenerative diagnoses. Normal variants of VP may be clinically important in children since they may mimic inflammatory and infectious pathologies during magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography images.
Sintomas de depressão em portadores de HIV/SIDA nas cidades de Juazeiro/BA e Petrolina/PE
Authors: Ribeiro Dannyel Macedo , Neto Arsênio Pereira de Oliveira , Duarte João Paulo Lima , Passos Virgínia de Oliveira Alves , Silva César Augusto
Published: August 2021

A infecção pelo Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) é uma pandemia que continua como grave problema de saúde pública. Sabe-se que alguns pacientes acometidos por HIV/ Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Humana Adquirida (SIDA) sofrem com algum tipo de transtorno ou sofrimento mental devido à infecção. Este estudo analítico e transversal trata-se de uma análise realizada com 54 pacientes portadores do HIV atendidos em centros de referência no tratamento de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis localizados nas cidades de Juazeiro/BA e Petrolina/PE. O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar a presença de sintomas de depressão em portadores do HIV nas duas cidades. A coleta de dados foi realizada pela aplicação do Inventário Beck de Depressão (BDI-I) e um questionário sobre o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes. Os resultados mostraram prevalência de cerca de 31% de sintomas moderados a graves na amostra, sendo que 11% dos pacientes apresentaram sintomas graves; além disso, apontam ainda para a presença de sofrimento mental na amostra, bem como para a necessidade da realização de estudos longitudinais que avaliem as possíveis implicações que a depressão pode trazer para portadores do vírus HIV ao longo do tempo.
Lung-RADS usado no rastreamento do câncer de pulmão: a doença granulomatosa faz diferença?
Authors: Noschang Julia , Chaves Karen , Haddad Fabio , Barbosa Paula , Bitencourt Almir , Sales dos Santos Ricardo , Luiz Gross Jefferson , Andrade Cleusa , Naue Carine , Guimarães Marcos Duarte
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: o objetivo é analisar os resultados do rastreamento do câncer de pulmão por tomografia computadorizada de baixa dose (LDCT) por meio do Sistema de Relatórios e Dados de Triagem de TC de Pulmão (Lung-RADS) em um centro de câncer brasileiro.

Materiais e métodos: revisamos retrospectivamente os prontuários de pacientes submetidos ao programa de rastreamento de câncer de pulmão de LDCT basal no A.C. Camargo Cancer Center. Os critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram iguais aos do National Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NLST). Os critérios para achados de imagem foram aqueles classificados de acordo com as categorias de avaliação do Lung Imaging Reporting and Data System (Lung-RADS).

Resultados: Dos 287 indivíduos avaliados neste estudo, 72,1% apresentaram TC de triagem negativa (categorias 1 ou 2 do Lung-RADS), o restante teve TC de triagem positiva, considerando 5,6% na categoria 4A de Lung-RADS, 2,1% na categoria 4B e 1,0% na categoria 4X. Os principais achados foram avaliados em 218 (75,9%) indivíduos, com nódulos sólidos (64,8%), parcialmente sólidos (2,7%) e não sólidos (8,3%). A maioria dos pacientes (59,1%) apresentaram nódulos sólidos menores que 6 mm. Os resultados histológicos confirmaram câncer de pulmão em 2 casos (prevalência de 0,7% de todos os pacientes triados).

Conclusões: A prevalência de câncer de pulmão em nossa amostra foi compatível com a literatura. No entanto, tivemos uma prevalência maior das categorias 3 e 4A do Lung-RADS do que o esperado. Isso pode estar associado à maior incidência de doenças granulomatosas, principalmente tuberculose, na população brasileira.
Laser Imaging Nephelometer for aircraft deployment
Authors: Ahern Adam T. , Erdesz Frank , Wagner Nicholas L. , Brock Charles A. , Lyu Ming , Slovacek Kyra , Moore Richard H. , Wiggins Elizabeth B. , Murphy Daniel M.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Validation of remote sensing retrievals of aerosol microphysical and optical properties requires in situ measurements of the same properties. We present here an improved imaging nephelometer for measuring the directionality and polarization of light (i.e. polarimetry) scattered at two wavelengths (405 nm and 660 nm) with high temporal resolution. The instrument was designed for airborne deployment and is capable of ground-based measurements as well. The Laser Imaging Nephelometer (LiNeph) uses two orthogonal detectors with wide-angle lenses and linearly polarized light sources to measure both the phase function, P11(θ), and degree of linear polarization, -P12/P11(θ). In this work, we will describe the instrument function and calibration, as well as data acquisition and reduction. The instrument was first deployed aboard the NASA DC-8 during the 2019 FIREX-AQ campaign. Here, we present field measurements of smoke plumes that show that the LiNeph has sufficient resolution for 0.24 Hz polarimetric measurements at two wavelengths, 405 and 660 nm, at integrated scattering coefficients ranging from 50–80,000 Mm−1.
Effects of elevated CO2 and extreme climatic events on forage quality and in vitro rumen fermentation in permanent grassland
Authors: Niderkorn Vincent , Morvan-Bertrand Annette , Le Morvan Aline , Augusti Angela , Decau Marie-Laure , Picon-Cochard Catherine
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The aim of this study was to analyze changes in botanical and chemical
composition, as well as in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics of an upland
grassland exposed to climate changes in controlled CO2
concentration, air temperature and precipitation conditions. Grassland was
exposed to a future climate scenario coupled with CO2 treatments (390
and 520 ppm) from the beginning of spring. During summer, an extreme
climatic event (ECE; 2 weeks of a +6 ∘C increase in temperature,
together with severe drought) was applied and then followed by a recovery
period. Three cutting dates were considered, i.e. in April, June and
November. The results indicate that increases in greenness, nitrogen (N)
content and changes in water-soluble carbohydrate profile in association with
botanical composition changes for the November cut lead to higher in vitro
dry matter degradability (IVDMD) in the rumen. The neutral detergent
fiber : nitrogen (NDF:N) ratio appeared to be a key driver of forage
quality, which was affected in opposite ways by elevated CO2 and
ECE, with a strong impact on rumen fermentation. Atmospheric CO2
concentration in interaction with ECE tended to affect IVDMD, indicating that
the effects of elevated CO2 and ECE may partly offset each
other. Our findings indicate that the various factors of climate change need
to be considered together in order to properly characterize their effects on
forage quality and use by ruminants.
Oceanic CO2 outgassing triggered by terrestrial organic carbon fluxes during deglacial flooding
Authors: Extier Thomas , Six Katharina D. , Liu Bo , Paulsen Hanna , Ilyina Tatiana
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Oceans play a major role on the exchange of carbon with the atmosphere and thereby on past climates with glacial/interglacial variations of the CO2 concentration. The melting of ice sheets during deglaciations lets the sea level rise which leads to the flooding of coastal land areas resulting in the transfer of terrestrial organic matter to the ocean. However, the consequences of such fluxes on the ocean biogeochemical cycle and uptake/release of CO2 are poorly constrained. Moreover, this potentially important exchange of carbon at the land-sea interface is not represented in most Earth System Models. We present here the implementation of terrestrial organic matter fluxes into the ocean at the transiently changing land-sea interface in the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Earth System Model (MPI-ESM) and investigate their effect on the biogeochemistry during the last deglaciation. Our results show that during the deglaciation, most of the terrestrial organic matter inputs to the ocean occurs during Meltwater Pulse 1a (between 15–14 ka) which leads to additional 21.2 GtC of terrestrial origin (mostly originating from wood and humus). Although this additional organic matter input is relatively small in comparison to the global ocean inventory (0.06 %) and thus doesn’t have an impact on the global CO2 flux, the terrestrial organic matter fluxes initiate oceanic outgassing at regional hotspots like in Indonesia for a few hundred years. Finally, sensitivity experiments highlight that terrestrial organic matter fluxes are the drivers of oceanic outgassing in flooded coastal regions during Meltwater Pulse 1a. Furthermore, the magnitude of outgassing is rather insensitive to higher carbon to nutrients ratios of the terrestrial organic matter. Our results provide a first estimate of the importance of terrestrial organic matter fluxes in a transient deglaciation simulation. Moreover, our model development is an important step towards a fully coupled carbon cycle in an Earth System Model applicable for simulations of glacial/interglacial cycles.
CAMS-REG-v4: a state-of-the-art high-resolution European emission inventory for air quality modelling
Authors: Kuenen Jeroen , Dellaert Stijn , Visschedijk Antoon , Jalkanen Jukka-Pekka , Super Ingrid , Denier van der Gon Hugo
Published: August 2021

Abstract. This paper presents a state-of-the-art anthropogenic emission inventory developed for the European domain for a 18-year time series (2000–2017) at a 0.1° × 0.05° grid, specifically designed to support air quality modelling. The main air pollutants are included: NOx, SO2, NMVOC, NH3, CO, PM10 and PM2.5 and also CH4. To stay as close as possible to the emissions as officially reported and used in policy assessment, the inventory uses where possible the officially reported emission data by European countries to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution as the basis. Where deemed necessary because of errors, incompleteness of inconsistencies, these are replaced with or complemented by other emission data, most notably the estimates included in the Greenhouse gas Air pollution Interaction and Synergies (GAINS) model. Emissions are collected at the high sectoral level, distinguishing around 250 different sector-fuel combinations, whereafter a consistent spatial distribution is applied for Europe. A specific proxy is selected for each of the sector-fuel combinations, pollutants and years. Point source emissions are largely based on reported facility level emissions, complemented by other sources of point source data for power plants. For specific sources, the resulting emission data were replaced with other datasets. Emissions from shipping (both inland and at sea) are based on the results from the a separate shipping emission model where emissions are based on actual ship movement data, and agricultural waste burning emissions are based on satellite observations. The resulting spatially distributed emissions are evaluated against earlier versions of the dataset as well as to alternative emission estimates, which reveals specific discrepancies in some cases. Along with the resulting annual emission maps, profiles for splitting PM and NMVOC into individual component are provided, as well as information on the height profile by sector and temporal disaggregation down to hourly level to support modelling activities. Annual grid maps are available in csv and NetCDF format (Kuenen et al., 2021).
Differential response of plant water consumption to rainwater uptake for dominant tree species in the semiarid Loess Plateau
Authors: Tang Yakun , Wang Lina , Yu Yongqiang , Lu Dongxu
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Whether uptake of rainwater can increase plant water consumption in response to rainfall pulses requires investigation to evaluate the plant adaptability, especially in water limited regions where rainwater is the only replenishable soil water source. In this study, the water sources from rainwater and three soil layers, predawn (Ψpd), midday (Ψm) and gradient (Ψpd−Ψm) of leaf water potential, and water consumption in response to rainfall pulses were analyzed for two dominant tree species, Hippophae rhamnoides and Populus davidiana, in pure and mixed plantations during the growing period (June–September). In pure plantations, the relative response of daily normalized sap flow (SFR) was significantly affected by rainwater uptake proportion (RUP) and Ψpd−Ψm for H. rhamnoides, and was only significantly influenced by Ψpd−Ψm for P. davidiana (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the large Ψpd−Ψm was consistent with high SFR for H. rhamnoides, and the small Ψpd−Ψm was consistent with the low SFR for P. davidiana, in response to rainfall pulses. Therefore, H. rhamnoides and P. davidiana exhibited sensitive and insensitive responses to rainfall pulses, respectively. Furthermore, mixed afforestation significantly enhanced RUP, SFR, and reduced the water source proportion from the deep soil layer (100–200 cm) for both species (P < 0.05). The SFR was significantly influenced by RUP and Ψpd−Ψm for both species in the mixed plantation. Lower Ψm and higher Ψpd were adopted by H. rhamnoides and P. davidiana in mixed plantation, respectively, to enlarge Ψpd−Ψm, enhance rainwater uptake, and decrease water source competition from the deep soil layer. These results indicate that mixed afforestation enhanced the influence of rainwater uptake to water consumption after rainfall pulse, regardless of sensitivity to rainfall pulses. This study provides insights into suitable plantation species selection and management considering the link between rainwater uptake and consumption in water limited regions.
A DIGITAL BRIDGE FOR COLLABORATION IN CULTURAL HERITAGE
Authors: Psenner A. , Hauer F. , Antoniou A. , Rejentova A. , Toto P.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The importance of history and the role that culture plays on the population is well defined, but we have never researched culture in a truly collective way. Data digitisation and archiving could be transformed into an exceptional tool for connecting all different users and sectors of cultural heritage into a “Global heritage” interaction and communication. The research undertaken is summarised to the development of a crowdsourcing, interdisciplinary platform, under the name “Heritage for People”.The paper consists of 6 sections. The first of these concerns a general description of the problem, linked to the risks of cultural heritage. A closer analysis of the risks present in the historic center of Vienna follows. The third paragraph deals with the tools for planning and protecting the cultural heritage of the Austrian capital. The fourth section introduces the “Heritage for People” tool in which a new online platform is outlined. The fifth chapter is instead dedicated to a description of the possible technologies to be used, while the last section illustrates how the proposed platform can have other applications depending on the cultural heritage.
Prediction of the vertical scaling of soil organic carbon in temperate forest soils using percolation theory
Authors: Yu Fang , Zheng Jinping , Liu Qiang , Fan Chunnan
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Forest soil stores a large portion of soil organic carbon (SOC), making it one of the essential components of global carbon cycling. There is apparent spatial variability of SOC in forest soils, but the mechanism that regulates the vertical pattern of SOC is still not clear. Understanding the vertical distribution as well as the transport process of SOC can be of importance in developing comprehensive SOC models in forest soils, as well as in better estimating terrestrial carbon cycling. We propose a theoretical scaling derived from percolation theory to predict the vertical scaling of SOC with soil depth in temperate forest soils, with the hypothesis that the content of SOC along soil profile is limited by the transport of solute. The powers of the vertical scaling of 5 published datasets across different regions of the world are −0.920, −1.097, −1.196, −1.062, and −1.038, comparing with the theoretical value of −1.149. Field data from Changbai Mountain region, Jilin, China, with spatial variation of SOC correlating strongly to temperature, precipitation, and sampling slope is constrained well by theoretical boundaries predicted from percolation theory, indicating that the vertical transport so as the content of SOC along soil profile is limited by solute transport, which can be described by percolation theory in both small and large scales. Prediction of SOC content in Changbai Mountain region based on an estimated SOC content at 0.15 m from available data demonstrates a good agreement with field observation, suggesting the potential of collaborating the presented model with other surface soil models to predict SOC storage and carbon cycling in temperate forest soils.
Three-Dimensional Stefan Equation for Thermokarst Lake and Talik Geometry Characterization
Authors: Ohara Noriaki , Jones Benjamin M. , Parsekian Andrew D. , Hinkel Kenneth M. , Yamatani Katsu , Kanevskiy Mikhail , Rangel Rodrigo C. , Breen Amy L. , Bergstedt Helena
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Thermokarst lake dynamics, which plays an essential role in carbon release due to permafrost thaw, is affected by various geomorphological processes. In this study, we derive a three-dimensional (3D) Stefan equation to characterize talik geometry under a hypothetical thermokarst lake in the continuous permafrost region. Using the Euler equation in the calculus of variations, the lower bounds of the talik were determined as an extremum of the functional describing the phase boundary area with a fixed total talik volume. We demonstrate that the semi-ellipsoid geometry of the talik is optimal for minimizing the total permafrost thaw under the lake for a given annual heat supply. The model predicting ellipsoidal talik geometry was verified by talik thickness observations using transient electromagnetic (TEM) soundings in Peatball Lake on the Arctic Coastal Plain (ACP) of Alaska. The lake width-depth ratio of the elliptic talik can characterize the energy flux anisotropy in the permafrost although the lake bathymetry cross section may not be elliptic due to the presence of near-surface ice-rich permafrost. This theory suggests that talik development stabilizes thermokarst lakes by ground subsidence due to permafrost thaw while wind-induced waves and currents are likely responsible for the elongation and orientation of thermokarst lakes in certain regions such as the ACP of northern Alaska.
Lessons Learnt from Operationalising an International Collaborative Multi-Centre Study
Authors: Raj Rhea , Dominic Catherine , Gandhi Suraj , Taylor Elliott H. , Politis Marina , Hussain Syeda Namayah Fatima , Parwani Divya , Bandyopadhyay Soham , Peter Noel , Lakhoo Kokila
Published: August 2021

Many medical students are both skilled and experienced in healthcare research, statistical analysis and evidence synthesis; assets that can be deployed to great effect in order to conduct research and contribute to the body of evidence - particularly in outbreak situations where senior doctors may be redeployed to clinical duties, thus ensuring that the next generation of academic clinicians’ interest and knowledge does not go in vain. Here, we document the process by which a group of medical students across the world, with senior support, harnessed their enthusiasm and the power of technology to play leading roles in an international multi-centre study run by the Global Health Research Group on Children’s Non-Communicable Diseases (Global Children’s NCDs). Many lessons have been learnt from the successful operationalisation of this study, which we hope to impart in this article. Our operations team consisted of: a social media team who manage our various accounts; a graphic design team who produce visuals to illustrate milestones achieved or highlight countries from which we did not yet have representatives; a network team who constructed a database to manage our extensive collaborator network; a communications team who managed emails and maintained regular contact with collaborators as well as producing a guide of common issues; a researcher support team who worked to ensure that any issues faced were dealt with promptly by hosting drop-in sessions; and finally a research capacity building team. We found that medical students bring fresh perspectives and an open-minded approach which is useful in reframing challenges and generating innovative solutions; thus it is vital to give them the opportunity to collaborate with, and learn from senior academics and policy-makers.
El hiperpartiroidismo secundario es un factor de riesgo asociado con la sobrevida del injerto en pacientes pediátricos con trasplante renal: Un estudio de centro único
Authors: Moreno Sánchez Luis , Astudillo Neira Paúl , Cáceres Aucatoma Freud , Jimenez Jaramillo Fernando
Published: August 2021

Introducción: El trasplante renal en pediatría constituye el tratamiento de elección para la enfermedad renal crónica terminal (ERCT) con ventajas ampliamente comprobadas sobre los tratamientos dialíticos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar los factores de riesgo relacionados con la sobrevida global y del injerto en un grupo de pacientes pediátricos con trasplante renal atendidos en un hospital de referencia nacional con observación de factores asociados al hiperparatiroidi7smo secundario.

Métodos: En el presente estudio observacional, retrospectivo, se realizó en el Hospital Metropolitano de Quito - Ecuador desde el primero de enero del 2010 al treinta de junio del 2013. Se registró la mortalidad y la supervivencia del injerto, presencia de hiperparatiroidismo pre trasplante, variables demográficas, clínicas (compatibilidad).  Se usa el método de Kaplan Meier para el análisis y se presentan riesgos relativos.

Resultados: Ingresaron al estudio 33 pacientes, de edad 12±3.8 años. Donante cadavérico  21 casos (63.6%), donante vivo 12 pacientes 36.4%. 18 hombres (54.5%). La etiología de la ERCT fue indeterminada en 63.6%; nefropatías en 24.2% y uropatías en 12.1%. Rechazo agudo 1 paciente, rechazo tardío 10 pacientes. Las variables con significancia en la sobrevida del injerto fueron: hiperparatiroidismo RR= 6.0 (IC95%= 1.078-45.902) P=0.032. No recibir inmunosupresión completa RR=14.5 (IC95%= 3.807-55.225) P<0.001. La necesidad de diálisis pos trasplante la primera semana y biopsia temprana tuvieron RR=15 (IC95%= 3.9-57.2).

Conclusiones: Este estudio demostró que el hiperparatiroidismo secundario es un factor de riesgo negativo para la sobrevida del injerto renal en pacientes pediátricos trasplantados.
Ensino inclusivo em um curso de Educação Física
Authors: Santos Renata Carvalho dos , Mesquita Barbara Andressa Mendonça de Rocha , Favoretto Carolina Cristina Rodrigues , Evangelista Kelly Cristiny Martins , Dalla Déa Vicente Paulo Batista , Dalla Déa Vanessa Helena Santana
Published: August 2021

O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi analisar as estratégias de acessibilidade pedagógica para atender as necessidades educacionais de estudante cego, matriculado na disciplina de anatomia humana de um curso de Educação Física em uma universidade pública, por meio da pesquisa-ação. O estudo foi realizado no primeiro semestre de 2018. Verificou-se a necessidade e construção de peças anatômicas com materiais de baixo custo em diferentes texturas, e utilização de peças anatômicas sintéticas. Os resultados indicam que as adaptações pedagógicas e instrumentais utilizadas foram essenciais ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem do aluno cego, aliado a sua utilização em conjunto com toda turma. O estudante se apropriou do conteúdo da disciplina identificado por meio das avaliações realizadas.