bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Power Transformer Insulation Assessment Based on Oil-Paper Measurement Data Using SVM-Classifier
Authors: - Suwarno , Prasojo Rahman A.
Published: June 2018

Oil immersed paper insulation condition is a crucial aspect of power transformer’s life condition diagnostic. The measurement testing database collected over the years made it possible for researchers to implement classification analysis to in-service power transformer. This article presents classification analysis of transformer oil-immersed paper insulation condition. The measurements data (dielectric characteristics, dissolved gas analysis, and furanic compounds) of 149 transformers with primary voltage of 150 kV had been gathered and analyzed. The algorithm used for developing classification model is Support Vector Machine (SVM). The model has been trained and tested using different datasets. Different models have been created and the best chosen, resulting in 90.63% accuracy in predicting the oil-immersed paper insulation condition. Further implementation was executed to classify oil-paper condition of 19 Transformers which Furan data is not available. The classification results combined, reviewed, and compared to conventional assessment methods and standards, confirming that the model developed has the ability to do classification of current oil-paper condition based on Dissolved Gasses and Dielectric Characteristics.
Synthesis of Antibacterial Nisin-Peptoid Hybrids Using Click Methodology
Authors: Bolt Hannah L. , Kleijn Laurens H.J. , Martin Nathaniel I. , Cobb Steven L.
Published: June 2018

Antimicrobial peptides and structurally related peptoids offer potential for the development of new antibiotics. However, progress has been hindered by challenges presented by poor in vivo stability (peptides) or lack of selectivity (peptoids). Herein, we have developed a process to prepare novel hybrid antibacterial agents that combine both linear peptoids (increased in vivo stability compared to peptides) and a nisin fragment (lipid II targeting domain). The hybrid nisin-peptoids prepared were shown to have low µM activity (comparable to natural nisin) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Inventions and Innovations in Preclinical Platforms for Cancer Research
Authors: Moshksayan Khashayar , Kashaninejad Navid , Saidi Mohammad Said
Published: June 2018

Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems can be regarded as suitable platforms to bridge the huge gap between animal studies and two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cell culture to study chronic diseases such as cancer. In particular, the preclinical platforms for multicellular spheroid formation and culture can be regarded as ideal in vitro tumor models. The complex tumor microenvironment such as hypoxic region and necrotic core can be recapitulated in 3D spheroid configuration. Cells aggregated in spheroid structures can better illustrate the performance of anti-cancer drugs as well. Various methods have been proposed so far to create such 3D spheroid aggregations. Both conventional techniques and microfluidic methods can be used for generation of multicellular spheroids. In this review paper, we first discuss various spheroid formation phases. Then, the conventional spheroid formation techniques such as bioreactor flasks, liquid overlay and hanging droplet technique are explained. Next, a particular topic of the hydrogel in spheroid formation and culture is explored. This topic has received less attention in the literature. Hydrogels entail some advantages to the spheroid formation and culture such as size uniformity, the formation of porous spheroids or hetero-spheroids as well as chemosensitivity and invasion assays and protecting from shear stress. Finally, microfluidic methods for spheroid formation and culture are briefly reviewed.
Structural Relationship of Flavin Mononucleotide (FMN) and Type I Nitroreductase (NTR) of Trypanosoma cruzi in Resistance Testing with Benznidazole and Nifurtimox
Authors: Araque Marín Pedronel , Soto Ospina Alejandro
Published: June 2018

The Chagas disease (CD) is an endemic infectious disease in a large part of Latin America. This disease is characterized by the fact of being caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. Some symptoms of this disease are cardiopathies and gastrointestinal problems. Therefore, the commonly used treatment consists of nitro drugs such as benznidazole and nifurtimox, which target the nitroreductase enzyme that docks to the coenzyme flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and an oxidation-reduction reaction is generated. From this reaction, the nitro chemical function of benznidazole and nifurtimox is reduced to amine. This amine in turn interacts with the parasite´s DNA. In vitro tests experimentally help in the study of the parasite resistance to the drug benznidazole. This fact could explain how nonsynonymous mutations in the nitroreductase (NTR) enzyme do not allow the anchorage of the FMN coenzyme and as a consequence the parasite susceptibility to benznidazole decreases as the drug cannot be reduced. The structural relations from the hybrid Quantum Mechanics-Molecular Mechanics (QM/MM) allow to detect the small changes generated in the system, considering a charge distribution associated with the structure, angle changes, interaction distances, potential surface calculations between the wildtype enzyme and the mutation found.
Piloting a Developmental Screening Tool Adapted for East African Children
Authors: Sajady Mollika A. , Mehus Christopher J. , Moody Emily C. , Jaramillo Ericka G. , Mupere Ezekiel , Barnes Andrew J. , Cusick Sarah E.
Published: June 2018

There is a need for developmental screening that is easily administered in resource-poor settings. 1) We hypothesized that known risk factors would predict failed developmental screening on an adapted screening tool in East African children living in poverty. 2) The sample included 100 healthy Ugandan children aged 6-59 months. We adapted a parent-reported developmental screener based on the Child Development Review chart. The primary outcome was failure to meet age-appropriate milestones for any developmental domain. Venous blood was analyzed for lead, and caregivers completed a demographics questionnaire. We used multivariate logistic regression models to determine if elevated blood lead and stunting predicted failure on the screener, controlling for maternal education level, age in months past the lower bound of the child’s developmental age group, and absence of home electricity. 3) In the sample, 14% (n=14) of children failed one or more milestones on the screener. Lead levels or stunting did not predict failing the screener after controlling for covariates. 4) Though this tool was feasibly administered, it did not demonstrate preliminary construct validity and is not yet recommended for screening in high-risk populations. Future research should include a larger sample size and cognitive interviews to ensure it is contextually relevant.
Filling the Gaps for Community-Based Programs Managing Treatment and Prevention of Child Malnutrition in Non-Emergency Contexts: Results from the Rainbow Project 2015-17 in Zambia
Authors: Moramarco Stefania , Amerio Giulia , Kasengele Chipoma Jean , Nielsen-Saines Karin , Palombi Leonardo , Buonomo Ersilia
Published: June 2018

Background: Evaluation of nutrition programs is essential to guarantee the effectiveness of community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM). Methods: The Rainbow Project Supplementary Feeding Programs (SFPs) in Zambia were evaluated between years 2015-17, following implementation of new recommendations based on previous evaluations (years 2012-14). Outcomes of the program were compared with International Standards and with those of 2012-14. Cox proportional risk regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of mortality and defaulting. Results: Data for 900 under age 5 years malnourished children (48.8% male; mean age 19.7months ±9.9) were analyzed. Rainbow 2015-17 program outcomes met International Standards, for general malnutrition or stratified moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) and severe acute malnutrition (SAM). When comparing with 2012-14 outcomes, better performance was noted: mortality rates were reduced by half (5.6% vs 3.1%, p = 0.01; for SAM: 12.4% vs 6.7%, p = 0.006), with significant improvement in average weight gain and mean length of stay (p<0.001), and increased awareness of HIV status (+30%; p < 0.001). HIV infection (5.5; 1.9–15.9), WAZ < −3 at baseline (4.6; 1.3–16.1) and kwashiorkor (3.5; 1.2–9.5) remained the major predictors of mortality. Conclusion: The effectiveness of the Rainbow SFPs for child malnutrition treatment and prevention in Zambia has significantly improved after evaluation and implementation activities, with impressive outcomes which resulted in a 50% reduction in mortality.
Facile Synthesis of Porous Pt-Cu Alloy with Enhanced Catalytic Activity
Authors: Li Xiang , Su Jiao-Jiao , Li Ying-Xin , Qiao Shi-zhang , Liu Hui , Du Xi-Wen
Published: June 2018

Cost-efficient catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and methanol oxidization reaction (MOR) is of great importance for industrial application. The alloying of platinum with cheap transition metal offers a great opportunity to reduce cost and enhance the electro-catalytic performance. Herein, we report a simple and green route to synthesize porous Pt-Cu catalysts, where Pt-Cu solid particles were first produced by using cuprous chloride (CuCl) nanoparticles as the template, followed by a dealloying treatment to obtain final porous product. The porous alloy nanoparticles show higher catalytic activity and superior stability for HER and methanol oxidation reaction, which is beneficial from the porous structure and synergetic effect between Pt and Cu.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF COMPLEX DIAQUADIHYDANTOIN NICKEL(II) SULFAT MONOHIDRAT)
Authors: Rahardjo Sentot Budi , Marliyana Surya Dewi , Wulandari Nur Asih Siwi
Published: June 2018

The purpose of the research is to find out the synthesis, formula and characteristic of complex of Nickel(II) with hydantoin (hyd). Complex of nickel(II) with  hydantoin  have been synthesized in 1 : 1 mole ratio of metal to ligan in methanol.The formula of  complex which are predicted from analysis of % Ni in complex by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) is Ni(hyd)2(H2O)3.SO4.  Ratio  of  cation  and  anion  of  complex  is  measured  by conductivitymeter  correspond to 1: 1.  The thermal analysis  is determined  by Differential Thermal  Analyser  (DTA)  indicate  that  complex  contain  some  hydrate,  thus  possibility formula  of  complex  is  [Ni(hyd)2(H2O)2]SO4.H2O (Diaquadihydantoinnikel(II) sulfat monohidrat).  Data  of  infra  red  spectra  show  a  shift  of  N-H  group  and  tertier  N  group 138 absorption  and  indicate  this  functional  group  coordinated  to  the  center  ion.  Magnetic Suscepbility measurement show that the complex is paramagnetic with μeff  = 3.2  BM. The UV-Vis spectra appear do to 2 transition peak on  λ  =  740 nm (13,513 cm-1) and  405 nm (24,691 cm-1).  The peak indicate that structure of complex is octahedral with transition 3A2g→ 3T1g(P)(ν2) andtransition 3A2g  → 3T1g(F)(ν3). One peak which  is  not appear is transition 3A2g → 3T2g (F)(ν1) which also estimate of 10 Dq (Δ0) is 103.615 kJ mol-1.
THE EFFECT OF SOL-GEL TEMPERATURE AND SOLVENT POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL (PEG) IN ZnO- TiO2 PHOTOCATALYST ACT AS DEGRADER OF TEXTILE DYEING LIQUID WASTE
Authors: Haryati Tanti , Andarini Novita , Mardhiyah Siti
Published: June 2018

The use of TiO2  powder  as photocatalyst still provides some disadvantages such as the difficulties in regenerate ion, the low adsorption and turbulence . These problems can be overcomed by providing the photocatalyst as a composite of ZnO-TiO2. This research aims to  investigate  the  effect  of  composition  of  solvent  and  temperatureof  synthesis  on  the quality  and  photocatalytic  activity  of  ZnO-TiO2  which  was  prepared  by  sol-gel  method. The  photocatalytic  activity  was  determined  by  applying  the  composite  in  degradation  of Procion  Red  MX-8B  under  irradition  of  UV  light  for  24  hours.  The  procion  red concentration after degradation was determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Meanwhile the effect of synt hesis temperature on crystal structure  of composite  was studied by XRD. The results show that the composite which was prepared by PEG 1500 at 1:4 of moles ratio and at 70  °C of  synthesis temperature has  highest degradation  percentage,  i.e. 55.375 % and photocataltic activity of 3.561 x 10-7mg/cm2s.
EFFECTIVENESS OF GELATIN EXTRACTED FROM CHICKEN CLAWS AS A NATURAL PRESERVATIVES FOR BEEF AND FISH
Authors: Fadilah Ganjar , Kusuma Pramudita Putri , Saraswati Teguh Endah
Published: June 2018

Gelatin  has  been  successfully  extracted  from  chicken  clawsby  acid  hydrolysis method through four major stages of degreasing, demineralization, extraction and drying. The yield of  extracted  gelatin obtained  from wet chicken claws  was about 6.21  %  (w/w). The  effectiveness  of  gelatin  as  preservative  applied  in  beef  and  fish  was  physically, chemically and microbiologically  studied  by  organoleptic  analysis,  peroxide test, bacteria inhibition  test  and  number  calculation, respectively. Organoleptic analysis by hedonic  test shows  there  were significant  differences  for  color  and  texture  parameters  between  gelatin coated  samples  and control  samples  at  concentrations  of  1:1  (w/w).  Peroxide number analysis  by  iodometry  indicates  the  use  of  gelatin  in  the  preservation  of  meat  and  fish decreased the oxidation number. The result of inhibition test againts Staphylococcus aureus bacteria  shows  the  gelatin  concentration  of  20  %  provided  greatest  halo  zone  diameter (inhibitory  region)  as  19.44  ±  2.11  mm. The colony bacteria test shows the use of gelatin potentially  inhibited  the growth  of  bacteria  up to  75  %.  Overall,  the results  conclude  that gelatin  extracted from chicken claws  has the potential  activities  as a  natural preservative for beef and fish.
CATALYTIC ACTIVITY CoMo/USY ON DEOXYGENATION REACTION OF 4-METHOXYPHENOL IN BATCH REACTOR
Authors: Nugrahaningtyas Khoirina Dwi , Putri Irma Fadhila , Heraldy Eddy
Published: June 2018

This research was conducted to study the effect of catalyst type of CoMo/USY and the reaction time on the deoxygenation reaction of 4-methoxyphenol. The catalyst type used were CoMo/USY, Co-Mo/USY, and Mo-Co/USY. The product was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The activity of the Co-Mo/USY catalyst is higher than CoMo/USY and Mo-Co/USY, it can be seen from the value of total yield and the selectivity. The Co-Mo/USY catalysts shows a significant increasing on the total yield percentage (from 3.71 % to 9.41 %) during catalytic testing. The Co-Mo/USY catalyst has a highest selectivity toward 1,4-dimethoxybenzene product when the reaction time was one hour (0.92 %) and selectivity toward 1,4-dihidroxybenzene when reaction time two hours (0.43 %).
MATHEMATICAL MODELS AND THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MOISTURE SORPTION ISOTHERMS OF FERMENTED CASSAVA FLOUR BY RED YEAST RICE
Authors: Alfiah Mutiara Nur , Hartini Sri , Cahyanti Margareta Novian
Published: June 2018

This research aims to determine moisture sorption isotherm curves, moisture sorption isotherm models and thermodynamic properties of fermented cassava flour by red yeast rice. The moisture sorption isotherm model used are Guggenheim Anderson deBoer (GAB), Brunauer Emmet Teller (BET) and Caurie. Meanwhile, the test of modelling accuray by Mean Relative Deviation (MRD) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The thermodynamic properties, i.e., enthalpy and entropy were calculated by Clausius - Clapeyron equation. The result shows that the moisture sorption isotherm curve on fermented cassava flour in a sigmoid form (type II). The GAB model is the best model for moisture sorption isotherm of fermented cassava flour by red yeast rice. The MRD and RMSE values at 30˚C, 35˚C and 40˚C are 3.12%, 2.71%, 3.81%, and 1.01, 0.35, 0.42, respectively. The monolayer moisture content at 30˚C, 35˚C and 40˚C are 6.61%, 6.27% and 6.91%, based on GAB model. Meanwhile, when the BET model was used, the monolayer moisture content are 4.92%, 4.86% and 5.19%, while by Caurie model are 6.37%, 6.18% and 5.30%, at 30˚C, 35˚C and 40˚C, respectively. The enthalpy and entropy of water sorption process were decreased when moisture content increased.
EFFECT OF AIR COOLING AND VACUUM COOLING STORAGE ON PROXIMATE CONTENT (WATER, pH, PROTEIN AND SUGAR) AND β-CAROTENE OF KABOCHA YELLOW PUMPKIN (Cucurbita maxima L.)
Authors: Kusumaningsih Triana , Martini Tri , Okstafiyanti Lestari , Rini Kartika Setia
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

The aim of the research is to determine the effective storage technique between the air cooling and vacuum cooling technique during storage process (0, 4, 8 and 12 weeks) and to increase the shelf life of kabocha pumpkin. Parameters measured during storage process were β-carotene and proximate content (water, pH, protein and sugar). β-carotene content was analyzed by Spectrophotometer UV-VIS followed by validation method, water content by Gravimetric method, pH by pH meter, protein by Makro Kjehldal method, and sugar by Luff Schrool method.  

The validation method showed good result which is proved by linearity, accuracy, precission, LOD, LOQ, and recovery values were 0.988, 98.8%, 3.39-7.73%, 0.011 ppm, 0.016 ppm, and 112% respectively. During storage process, β-carotene content was greater decreased on air cooling storage. For proximate content showed that water content was greater decreased on vacuum cooling storage. pH and the protein content was decreased on  air cooling or vacuum cooling storage, but on air cooling was greater. Sugar content was increased during eight weeks and decreased on last week. From the result it can be seen that vacuum cooling storage was better technique for kabocha pumpkin.

 

Keyword: β-carotene, air cooling, proximate, vacuum cooling

 
Analisis Dan Usulan Perbaikan Pencahayaan Pada Ruang Skripsi Perpustakaan Pusat Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta
Authors: Suhardi Bambang , Laksono Pringgo Widyo , Hakim Raqibanul
Published: June 2018

Library with good environment will create comfort, calmness, and satisfaction for users while doing the activities. One of the aspects to consider in creating a good library environment is lighting. Lighting needs can be met from day lighting and artificial lighting. Artificial lighting had advantage in terms of relatively constant light intensity in the range of work hours, but this approach requires electric operating costs. This research analyzes the current lighting conditions in Sebelas Maret University library that influenced by day lighting and artificial lighting. The analysis process will be using software surfer V.10 based on the value of the intensity of light at each measuring point. The result indicated that the average of light intensity is still below the prescribed standard so that redesign needs to be done. In the redesign process only focuses on the artificial lighting that calculated using lumen method with two different conditions.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Monitoring Persediaan Bahan Kimia dengan Pendekatan Persediaan Continuous Review (Studi Kasus: Departemen Printing-Dyeing PT Kusumahadi Santosa)
Authors: Aditama Ikhsan , Priyandari Yusuf , Jauhari Wakhid Ahmad
Published: June 2018

PT Kusumahadi Santosa is a company engaged in manufacturing, the textile industry. One of the major processes that occurs within the company is printing process where types of chemicals that are used are more than 250 different types. However, in conducting the management of chemical inventories, the company still use the manual process which has not been computerized. As a result, there are some problem occurs, such as miscalculation of 5%-30% in the process of recording the amount of chemicals, process of discharging chemicals not recorded, control and planning of chemical inventories is not optimum that will indirectly result in losses company. Therefore, it is necessary to design information system management inventory for controlling chemical inventories. Information system management is designed in the form of web applications and integrated with continuous review inventory model. In addition, the system is equipped with functional and non-functional requirements to fix of the previous system. By adopting the proposed information systems management, the process management of chemicals can be managed more effectively and efficiently. The proposed information system which integrated the system with continuous review inventory model can be adopted by the company for managing the inventories and reducing the inventory cost.
A Comparison Study: Clustering using Self-Organizing Map and K-means Algorithm
Authors: Khasanah Annisa Uswatun
Published: June 2018

Nowadays clustering is applied in many different scopes of study. There are many methods that have been proposed, but the most widely used is K-means algorithm. Neural network has been also usedin clustering case, and the most popular neural network method for clustering is Self-Organizing Map (SOM). Both methods recently become the most popular and powerful one. Many scholarstry to employ and compare the performance of both mehods. Many papers have been proposed to reveal which one is outperform the other. However, until now there is no exact solution. Different scholar gives different conclusion. In this study, SOM and K-means are compared using three popular data set. Percent misclassified and output visualization graphs (separately and simultaneously with PCA) are presented to verify the comparison result.
Pengukuran Kinerja Perusahaan Menggunakan Metode Performance Prism (Studi Kasus di Cendana Offset Fokus Intermedia Grup)
Authors: Putri Anissa Rianda , Mas’ud Azmi , Mayangsari Selvia , - Yuniaristanto
Published: June 2018

This article explain about a performance measurement research in a graphic arts industry using Performance Prism method. The previous performance measurement system in that company has not been able to represent the performance of the organization. The performance prism method is used because this method complete the exiting methods. The stakeholder in CV. Cendana Offset consists of customers, investors or owners, communities, governments, employees, and suppliers. The company’s system contains 10 KPI performance with 2 KPI of customers, 2 KPI of employees, 2 KPI of investor/owner, 2 KPI of suppliers, and 2 KPI of government. Based on the result, there is the fundamental problems in special services for customers. Based on the problem that have been discovered, this article propose several option for improvement. One of them is by providing great discounts on certain periods and improving the print quality through increasing the company resources (i.e. operator’s skill and production machines).
Analisis Kelayakan Penggantian Nozzle Soot Blower pada PT. PJB UP Paiton Unit 1 dan 2
Authors: Wijayanti Cecilia Intan , Sutopo Wahyudi
Published: June 2018

High electricity demand requires power companies to maintain the efficiency of every generation process. One factor affecting the efficiency of the production system is the reliability of the machine. Nozzle is a sparepart of the tool used to clean slaging on the wall of the boiler is Soot Blower . Soot Blower's current condition consumes steam nearly 400,000 kg/year from the ideal condition 332,000 kg/year. The high consumption of steam causes the high cost of coal and low efficiency Soot Blower. One alternative that can be offered is to replace the Nozzle with a new type that has a lower pressure that is Nozzle Gemini. The new alternative compared based on operational analysis that see comparison from preference matrix weight and financial analysis that see comparison on 10 year projection by Net Present Value(NPV), IRR and PP analysis. And it is known on both analysis of Gemini Nozzle usage is feasible to be applied.
Desain Pola Parkir Sepeda Motor dengan Pendekatan Ergonomi Partisipatori
Authors: Suhardi Bambang , Laksono Pringgo Widyo , Nugraha Akbar Aditya
Published: June 2018

Motorcycle parking area in the Faculty of Engineering UNS is 2895 m2 which is divided into 5 sectors. Problems arising in the parking lot as follows: irregular parking position, the distance between motorcycles too close, the user is difficult to remove a motorcycle, and motorcycles parked carelessly in the parking circulation path. To overcome this problem parking needs to be designed parking pattern using participatory ergonomic approach. The results showed that the optimal parking pattern in terms of capacity is a parking pattern with 900 angles. Parking patterns with 900 angle can accommodate 1046 motorcycle.
Pengembangan Aplikasi Mobile untuk Mempermudah Pencarian Informasi Rute Angkutan Kota di Bandung
Authors: Pricilia Priska , Octavia Johanna Renny
Published: June 2018

In the fast globalization era, people need good public transportation facilities to easily carry out their daily activities. However, public transportation such as angkutan kota mostly is not preferred compared to other modes of public transportation because it is difficult to acquire necessary information regarding angkutan kota routes in one area. This research aims to develop a mobile application to enhance the process of acquiring information of angkutan kota routes in Bandung. Eight potential users of the developed application were involved as participants in the research, from the identification of user needs through interviews and usability testing, the selection of design concept, to the evaluation of prototype. Based on the thirteen identified user needs, we developed two alternative design concepts from which we chose one best concept to be developed further into a prototype. The evaluation of the prototype through usability testing showed that the developed mobile application has good usability with 73% of efficiency measure, 90% of effectiveness measure, 78% of learnability measure and System Usability Score (SUS) of 71,25.
Manajemen Risiko Proses Produksi Gula dengan Metode Failure Mode Effect and Analysis
Authors: Sufa Mila Faila , Khoiriyah Umi
Published: June 2018

A company should pay attention to operational risk to maximise its efficiency and effectivity.
Identification of failure and the cause and the impact of the failure at milling station is needed to be done so that the sugar production process can run well. Here, we employ a failure mode and effect analysis to identify the failure and its effect. We obtain 22 operational risks with two critical risks. The two critical risks are then used as top event in analysing the cause of the failure. The result from fault tree analysis shows that there are 4 basic events, which are the turbine vibrates, schedule part’s change before failure, high rainfall and the schedule and priority of processing
Neurological Outcome After Traumatic Transverse Sacral Fractures
Authors: Kempen D.H.R. , Delawi D. , Altena M.C. , Kruyt M.C. , van den Bekerom M.P.J. , Oner F.C. , Poolman R.W.
Published: June 2018

Background:

The purpose of this study was to determine the neurological outcome after transverse sacral fractures in patients with neurological impairment.

Methods:

A systematic review of the English, French, German, and Dutch literature was conducted. All study designs, including retrospective cohort studies and case reports, describing transverse sacral fractures were included. Two authors independently extracted the predefined data and scored the neurological impairment according to the Gibbons classification after the trauma and at the time of follow-up. The neurological outcomes were pooled according to the Gibbons classification.

Results:

No randomized controlled trials or prospective case series were found. A total of 139 articles were included, consisting of 81 case reports and 58 retrospective case series involving 521 patients. Regardless of the type of management, neurological recovery of at least 1 Gibbons category was reported in 62% of these patients. A comparison of the neurological outcome of nonoperatively treated patients and surgically treated patients showed similar neurological recovery rates. For the surgically treated patients, fixation of the fracture resulted in a better neurological improvement compared with an isolated decompression.

Conclusions:

This review could not provide evidence of improved neurological recovery after surgical treatment compared with nonoperative treatment. When surgical treatment was considered, there was a low level of evidence that fixation of the fracture results in better neurological improvement compared with isolated decompression.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Missed Pediatric Monteggia Fractures
Authors: Hubbard James , Chauhan Aakash , Fitzgerald Ryan , Abrams Reid , Mubarak Scott , Sangimino Mark
Published: June 2018

* Careful scrutiny of radiographs is important in the assessment of pediatric elbow injuries. Disruption of the radiocapitellar line and an increased bow of the posterior ulnar border are sometimes subtle signs of a Monteggia injury.

* An attempt at closed reduction up to 4 weeks after injury has been cited in the literature as successfully treating some missed injuries.

* Operative reduction of chronic radial-head dislocation provides good to excellent range of motion and functional outcome in the setting of irreducible chronic radial-head dislocation.

* Ulnar osteotomy and correction of the ulnar deformity component of the missed Monteggia injury are the key to indirect anatomic reduction of the radiocapitellar joint.

* Supplemental procedures aimed at increasing the stability of the radiocapitellar joint (e.g., annular ligament reconstruction, radiocapitellar Kirschner wire fixation, radioulnar Kirschner wire fixation) should be directed by a thorough assessment of radiocapitellar stability following ulnar osteotomy and correction of the ulnar deformity.
The Corruption Investigation In The Regional Police of Riau Islands, Indonesia
Authors: Djanggih Hardianto , Thalib Hambali , Ramadhan Ahmad
Published: June 2018

This research aim to analyzes the authority of the Regional Police of Riau Islands in a criminal act of corruption investigation. The method used is normative-empirical research. The results found that investigation of criminal corruption in Regional Police of Riau Islands conducted according to the authority of police investigators. In addition to proving the deeds of perpetrator, criminal investigation of corruption is also a means of restoring the state's financial losses as much as possible. In its implementation, corruption criminal investigation is influenced by legal factors, law enforcement factors, supporting facilities or facilities supporting law enforcement, community factors, and cultural factor.
DO RISK, BUSINESS CYCLE, AND COMPETITION AFFECT CAPITAL BUFFER? AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON ISLAMIC BANKING IN ASEAN AND MENA
Authors: Maharani Novita Kusuma , Setiyono Bowo
Published: June 2018

Basel III guidelines were released in 2010 by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) as a revision of the previous Basel guidelines with the aim of strengthening the bank's capital and liquidity of banks. BCBS formulate a new policy that is the capital buffer. Capital Buffer is the difference between the minimum capital required by regulators with its overall capital and is considered a "cushion" against the shocks of the financial crisis. This study examine the impact of risk, business cycle, and competition on banks’ capital buffer. This paper used the sample of Islamic banks and conventional banks in ASEAN and MENA in the period 2011-2015 with unbalanced panel data. Using System GMM method to test the characteristics of Islamic banks in managing its capital. The finding indicates that the degree of capital buffer in islamic banks tend to adjust its risk. The result also shows that capital buffer decrease during economic expansion where banks act aggressively by extending their lending activities. The relationship between capital buffer and competition is positive in that the high level of competition to motivate banks to have higher capital.
BANKING THE UNBANKED A PERCEIVED RECIPES FOR POVERTY ERADICATION PROGRAM: INDUCTION OF A NEW ISLAMIC MICROFINANCE MODEL IN NIGERIA
Authors: Olorogun Lukman
Published: June 2018

This study focuses on efforts to enhance financial inclusion program through the educational orientation development in the Nigerian Islamic finance industry. A Closed User Group (CUG) consisting of Muslims across Nigeria financial educational induction program formed the study sample. The formation of the CUG sought to establish an Islamic compliant financing model that would be effective at the grassroots level in the wake of the failure of microfinance programs to deliver the much needed poverty eradication. To this end, we developed a questionnaire and conducted a financial management induction and education workshop over a period of three days. On the third day, participants were given a questionnaire, from which the results showed that proper education and adjustment to the current available model of microfinance would bring about poverty eradication and that in terms of educational traits building of staff within a typical Islamic financial institution. Future research should look into transformation of personality vices affecting financial institutions as a whole.
FUNDAMENTALS OF INTEGRATED COMMERCIAL BANK IN MACROECONOMIC AND SHARIA PERSPECTIVE IN INDONESIA
Authors: Jati Kumara , Salam Aziza Rahmaniar
Published: June 2018

This research analyses the fundamentals of integrated commercial bank in macroeconomic and sharia perspective in Indonesia. Based on the calculation of Vector Autoregression (VAR), the impact of macroeconomic variables (Jakarta Stock Islamic Index / JKSII, Indonesian Stock Price Composite Index / JKSE, Crude Oil Price, and Exchange Rate)  on stock prices of commercial banks vary. These shocks indicate an indirect price transmission through exchange rate channels and economic growth. From the Structrural Time Series Model (STSM), JKSII, JKSE, and commercial bank share price prediction will generally increase at the end of 2017 and 2018. This will generate hope and benefit for policy maker and business actors in the banking, finance and sharia sectors. In general, the ARMA-ARCH/GARCH model with dummy variables found negative impact of “Fasting Period and Eid Al-Fitr” on return of JKSII, JKSE, and commercial bank stock price. This indicates a cycle of stock price decline that occurs when consumers spend more money to purchase goods and services. However, this cycle of stock price declines is only temporary because the recovery of the world economy and the increase in demand for goods and services in the future can be a pull factor for stock prices (demand factor). Policy makers and stakeholders related to the financial system, banking and capital markets, especially the sharia sector need to see the movement of conventional bank stocks and “Fasting Period and Eid Al-Fitr” as they move in the opposite direction for a certain period.  
Keywords: Stock Price of Commercial Bank, Macroeconomic and Sharia Perspective, Vector Autoregression (VAR), Structural Time-Series Models (STSM), ARMA-ARCH/GARCH
 
JEL Classification Codes: F31, F47, G15, G21
Diamine Derivatives as Photostabilizers for Thermoplasticized Poly(Vinyl Chloride) [I]
Authors: Salman Hussein N. , Nief Olfat A. , Askar Firyal W. , Jasim Marwa N
Published: June 2018

The photostabilization? of poly vinyl chloride (PVC) ? films has been investigated by using diamine derivatives. The? (PVC) films were? contained 0.5% weight? of diamine derivatives which prepared by the method of casting. The photostabilizations? ?of these compounds were determined by monitoring the carbonyl index value with irradiation time. Also, the effect ?of concentrations of additives (range 0.1-0.5wt) on the rate of photostabilization? process was studied. Therefore we found? that a increased photostabilization rates was increase with increasing? concentrations of compound. Besides, the influence? on film thickness? of photostabilization process was also studied; ?and the results? showed that? the increasing of film thickness increase the rate of photostabilization. Also, the changes in the viscosity? of the averagee molecular weight, the degree? of deterioration (?) and the average number of chain scission (s) were tracked, it was concluded? that the random chain scission is always occurs in PVC film, also Quantum yield? of the chain? scission of? these compounds? was calculated. Several mechanisms? have been? suggested and according to experimental results obtained, these mechanisms are dependent on the structure? of? the additive, Among UV absorper? and radical? scavenger.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Sulphite in Various Water Samples Via Chromium-1,5-Diphenylcarbazide Complex
Authors: Shekho Najih H. , Al-Hadi Bassima A. Abed
Published: June 2018

A simple and rapid spectrophotometric method for the determination of sulphite SO3-2 is described. The method is based on the rapid reduction of known amount of chromate CrO4-2 in the presence of sulphite in acidic medium of 2N H2SO4. The amount of excess of chromate was measured after it reactions with 1,5-diphenylcarbazide which finally gives a pink-violet, water soluble and stable complex, which exhibit a maximum absorption at 542 nm. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration range from 0.004-6.0 µg of sulphite in a final volume of 25 ml with a molar absorbtivity of 4.64×104 l.mol-1.cm-1, Sandal's sensitivity index of 0.001724 ?g .cm-2 and relative standard deviation of ±0.55 - ±0.83 depending on the concentration level. The present method has been developed for the determination of sulphite in the presence of thiosulphate. Good recoveries of sulphite from various water samples are achieved using the proposed method.
Disturbance of Arginase Activity and Nitric Oxide Levels in Iraqi Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Khaleel Fayhaa.M , Oda Noor N- , Abed Baaydaa A.
Published: June 2018

This study is an attempt to find whether arginine metabolism dysregulation by arginase activity is related to hyperglycemia, followed by changes in nitric oxide (NO) generation in type 2 diabetic patients. This study includes 42 control subjects (Group I), and 92 Iraqi patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The patient group was subdivided into two groups: Group II (54) with T2DM only and Group III (38) with T2DM and dyslipidemia (who were treating with atorvastatin along with diabetes treatment). The samples were obtained to measure arginase activity and NO levels. Serum arginase activity increased significantly in patients(groupII and groupIII) compared to control group. While serum NO level was significantly lower in diabetic patients as compared to control group, three significant correlations appeared in this study between glucose and arginase activity, glucose and NO levels, and between arginase activity and NO levels. The results also show that treatment with atorvastatin affects arginase activity and NO levels. Increasing in levels of arginase activity can be considered as an indicator of diabetic status. Endothelial dysfunctions accompanied with diabetes mellitus reverses correlation between arginase and NO in diabetic
Effects of Non-Thermal Argon Plasma Produced at Atmospheric Pressure on the Optical Properties of CdO Thin Films
Authors: Murbat Hamid H. , Abdalameer Nisreen KH. , Brrd Alaa Kh , Abdulameer Farah
Published: June 2018

In this paper the effect of nonthermal atmospheric argon plasma on the optical properties of the cadmium oxide CdO thin films prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis was studied. The prepared films were exposed to different time intervals (0, 5, 10, 15, 20) min. For every sample, the transmittance, Absorbance, absorption coefficient, energy gap, extinction coefficient and dielectric constant were studied. It is found that the transmittance and the energy gap increased with exposure time, and absorption. Absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient, dielectric constant decreased with time of exposure to the argon plasma
Comparative NO2 Sensing Characteristics of SnO2:WO3 Thin Film Against Bulk and Investigation of Optical Properties of the Thin Film
Authors: Abdul-Ameer Haidar jwad , AL-Hilli Muthafar F. , Khalaf Mohammed K.
Published: June 2018

A comparative investigation of gas sensing properties of SnO2 doped with WO3 based on thin film and bulk forms was achieved. Thin films were deposited by thermal evaporation technique on glass substrates. Bulk sensors in the shape of pellets were prepared by pressing SnO2:WO3 powder. The polycrystalline nature of the obtained films with tetragonal structure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The calculated crystalline size was 52.43 nm. Thickness of the prepared films was found 134 nm. The optical characteristics of the thin films were studied by using UV-VIS Spectrophotometer in the wavelength range 200 nm to 1100 nm, the energy band gap, extinction coefficient and refractive index of the thin film were 2.5 eV , 0.024 and 2.51, respectively. Hall measurements confirmed that the films are n-type. The NO2 sensing characteristics of the SnO2:WO3 sensors were studied with various temperatures and NO2 gas concentrations. Both thin film and bulk sensors showed maximum sensitivity at temperature of 250 oC. Thin film sensors showed enhanced response in comparison to that of pellets.
Time To Enlist in the Analytics Army
Authors: Rassenfoss Stephen
Published: June 2018

Data analytics is the future of getting ahead for engineers and geoscientists in the exploration and production (E&P) business.

Three executives of large companies recently played up the growing importance of data-driven employee development, from data science boot camps at BP to the Citizen Data Scientist program at ConocoPhillips.

“We have got a data science community that is growing by leaps and bounds,” said Michael Rowley, director of technology and innovation at BP, during a presentation at the recent Data Science Convention 2018 put on by the Data Analytics Study Group of the SPE Gulf Coast Section.

“The most powerful way for us to pro-mote data analytics is to give our technical people training so they are fully armed with data analytics tools,” said Greg Leveille, chief technology officer of ConocoPhillips.

Those willing to learn and apply these new tools “will have a disproportional impact on each of your companies,” Leveille said, adding “our industry will be populated by people who know and who can do data analytics well.”

In a tough job market, data skills could offer a critical edge. If two people are interviewing for a job in unconventional exploration, and one has analytics skills and experience and the other does not, “guess who gets the job,” said Andy Flowers, director of advanced analytics for Marathon Oil.

One sign of the times was the number of data scientists asking questions at the gathering. Another was the 400-person crowd at the first-ever gathering. They are building and maintaining the industry’s new data gathering and analysis infrastructure, putting large databases and analytical tools in the hands of engineers, geoscientists, and financial managers.

They are a small part of the E&P workforce, are hard to find, and costly to hire.

“We feel like we won the lottery when we get a new person in” for the data science team, Flowers said.

But engineers and geoscientists will remain central to E&P companies because “you cannot outsource knowledge of the oil industry,” Flowers said. They will be asked to use their experience to focus the work on the most important problems, and apply methods drawing on both traditional and statistical approaches.

“People with a good grounding and understanding of physics, combined with analytics, can solve problems that are very hard to solve” with first principles physics, Leveille said.

Increasingly, the data-driven tools will also integrate the economic aspects of decision making. Engineering decisions need to be aligned with current corporate goals. An application integrating technical and economic information could help an engineer tailor a gas project development plan based on predicted demand.

“Not everything is about geology and physics,” Rowley said. Another priority is to figure out “how to connect up data in the financial space,” he said.
Evidence That a Burning Oil Well Can Sometimes be the Best Option
Authors: Rassenfoss Stephen
Published: June 2018

An oil well blowout can burn like a rocket, which can be a good thing. Burning leaves little or no oil behind, according to a recent study (SPE 189610).

The study has been used to make a case for an oil spill response plan now before regulators to develop a field with more than 100 million bbl of reserves in the Beaufort Sea. Plan approval is one of the remaining barriers facing Hilcorp, the operator in a partnership with BP to develop the Liberty field.

If there is a blowout of a well on the gravel island that will be built for the project, the plan is to minimize the impact by igniting the well, and keeping it lit until a relief well can be drilled to plug it.

Spill plans based on burning have been an accepted option at other fields in that area, including the nearby Endicott field that was developed by BP and sold to Hilcorp in 2014. But unlike Liberty, Endicott is regulated by the state.

In the past, burning was favored because it was a better option than trying to clean up a spill in that harsh environment, which can range from difficult to impossible. Now getting a spill plan approved by federal regulators is considerably more complicated.

Regulations written since the Macondo spill in the US Gulf of Mexico require the operator to demonstrate that a spill can be cleaned up and a relief well can be drilled, said Mike Dunn, operations manager for Hilcorp’s North Slope asset management team.

The plan was challenged by environmental groups, whose critical descriptions of the project took the company’s 90,000 B/D worst-case discharge estimate and assumed all of the oil would be spilled.

To make its case, the partners hired Boots & Coots, one of the best-known oil well firefighting firms that is now part of Halliburton. They brought in a former rocket scientist from the US space agency, NASA, to develop a method to calculate how efficiently a well fire would burn the medium-weight crude that would likely surge out of the conventional field.

The Liberty spill plan is not a new one. “Hilcorp, as well as the previous operator of the leases [BP], have determined that the best remedy for a blowout is to light the well on fire,” Dunn said.