bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antiviral activity of Rhazya stricta extract against influenza virus (H1N1)
Authors: Albeshri Abdulaziz , Baeshen Nabih , Bouback  Thamer , Aljaddawi Abdullah
Published: January 2024

Influenza virus developed resistance to the currently class of drugs,
which eventually becoming more virulent and cause more mortality and
hospitalization. Our study aims to search new candidate drugs from the
plant source. We investigated the cytotoxicity of R. stricta euouaes
extract and its antiviral activity against influenza virus (A/Puerto
Rico/8/34 (H1N1)) using MTT assay. The mode of action of the plant
extract was tested using time of addition assay. in silico study was
performed including molecular docking, ADME assay and toxicity risk
assessment to investigate the best compound to be developed into
anti-influenza virus drug. The cytotoxicity concentration 50% of the
extract was (CC50: 184.6µg/ml) and the Inhibitory concentration was
(CI50: 19.71 µg\ml and SI 9.37. The time of addition
assay revealed that, R. stricta extract exerted its activity in the late
step of the influenza virus replication cycle. The in silico study
demonstrated that some compounds can be subjected to in vitro study.
Therefore, isolation and purification of the candidate compounds and
testing their antiviral activity are recommended.
Concomitant direct oral anticoagulant and proton pump inhibitor use in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Marston Sarah , Bereznicki Luke , bezabhe woldesellassie
Published: January 2024

Background Co-prescribing a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) with an
anticoagulant, in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) at high risk of
bleeding, decreases the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. This study
aimed to identify Australian prescribing trends for this topic to inform
practice in this area. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study in
which a cross-sectional analysis of general practice data obtained from
MedicineInsight was performed, to evaluate current Australian
prescribing trends of PPIs in patients with AF. Patients aged 18 years
or more initiated on an oral anticoagulant between January 1st, 2011 and
April 25th, 2019 were included. Results A total of 28,863 participants
were included; of these, 5,092 (17.6%) received PPI co-therapy. There
were 4,211 (14.6%) participants at high risk of bleeding, with 878
(20.9%) of these receiving PPI co-therapy. Participants were
significantly more likely to be prescribed a PPI if prescribed
dabigatran (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.42 [1.28-1.57], 95%
confidence interval (CI)), apixaban (AOR 1.36 [1.26-1.46], 95%CI)
or rivaroxaban (AOR 1.28 [1.18-1.38], 95%CI) compared to warfarin.
Factors associated with PPI prescribing included, antiplatelet
co-therapy (AOR 2.09 [1.82-2.39], 95% CI), high CHA2DS2-VASc score
(≥2 male or ≥3 female) (AOR 1.50 [1.28-1.77], 95% CI) and a low
ORBIT score (<3) (AOR 1.42 [1.23-1.64], 95% CI).
Conclusion In this large nationally representative cohort, only 20.9%
of participants who were at high risk of bleeding were co-prescribed a
PPI. Further research is required to investigate whether increased
prescribing of PPIs could improve patient outcomes. Key words: Atrial
fibrillation, proton pump inhibitors
Analysis on Gene Set Enrichment of Related Signaling Pathways and Immune Infiltration in Carotid Atherosclerosis
Authors: Li Yu-na , Huang Yan , Guo Yan
Published: January 2024

Objective: Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and immune infiltration
analysis were performed on chip data on carotid atherosclerosis
expression profile. In order to explore the pathogenesis of carotid
atherosclerosis. Method: The GSE43292 data were obtained from the gene
expression omnibus (GEO). CIBERSORT deconvolution method was utilized to
analyze the infiltration ratio of immune cells. Result: The up-regulated
immune related biological processes include the regulation of cytokine
stimulation response and B cell activation and immune response. The
up-regulated immune related KEGG signaling pathway has natural killer
cell mediated cytotoxicity, Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway, RIG-I like
receptor signaling pathway and JAK-STAT signaling pathway. The down
regulated immune related KEGG signaling pathway is transforming growth
factor β signaling pathway. The results of immune infiltration analysis
showed that Macrophages M0 and B cells memory were significantly
increased in the vascular tissues of carotid atherosclerosis. B cells
naive, T cells CD8, T cells regulatory, NK cells activated, Monocytes
and Dendritic cells resting were significantly decreased. Conclusion:
Adaptive immunity of B2 cells and NK cell cytotoxicity plays an
important role in carotid atherosclerosis. Three pathways of KEGG may be
significant factors in the pathogenesis of carotid atherosclerosis.
A 32-year-old Coronary Thrombus Case Found During Covid-19 Pandemic: Could It Be Caused By Sinovac Inactive Vaccine Or Covid-19 Late-Term Complication?
Authors: Aktan Adem , Güzel Tuncay
Published: January 2024

In this study, we have desired to show a case of coronary thrombus at
the age of 32, without a previous medical history and without a risk
factor, which we believe may develop due to Sinovac inactive Covid-19
vaccine or as a late complication of Covid-19.
The impact of COVID-19 on electronic repeat dispensing (eRD) in general practice
Authors: Sharma Raman , Babar Zaheer , Javid Farideh
Published: January 2024

Electronic repeat dispensing (eRD) has been part of the community
pharmacy contact since 2005 and a requirement in the General Medical
Services contract since 2019. eRD allows the prescribing of medicines
for stable long-term conditions for a defined period without
authorisation, consultation, by prescribing healthcare professionals
each time. NHS England highlights benefits of eRD as increased
efficiency in general practice of 2.7 million hours annually if 80% of
all repeat prescriptions are issued as eRD. Despite clear benefits to
patients, community pharmacies and general practices, the uptake of eRD
remains low and variable across general practices in West Yorkshire. The
current COVID-19 pandemic has placed huge strains on repeat prescribing
systems in general practice. The aim of the project was to investigate
the impact of COVID-19 on eRD in general practice and understand the key
enablers to its uptake. In conclusion, two main enabling factors
identified within this study that may lead to improved implementation
and uptake of eRD. These are integrating eRD into normal routine
workflows where prescribing authorisation is concerned and nominating an
internal eRD champion. Utilising eRD in the respective practices should
be considered due to potential efficiency gains and the increase in
average eRD utilisation observed in the study participating general
practices across West Yorkshire was from 7.2% average uptake in March
2020 to 10.4% November 2020. The stated benefits of eRD by NHS England
of 2.7 million hours per annum predates the roll of electronic
transmission of prescriptions suggesting further research is needed.
Implantation of drug-eluting stent loaded with amiodarone and rapamycin inside target pulmonary vein: a new therapeutic approach for symptomatic atrial fibrillation ？
Authors: Wang Zhaojun , Long Xinguang , Yuan Wei
Published: January 2024

Atrial fibrillation(AF) is a common clinical finding and associated with
a poor outcome, which imposes a major health concern. The management for
AF predominantly consists of pharmacotherapy and catheter ablation.
Despite medical advances in recent years, treatment remains suboptimal.
In the current article, we review and discuss therapies for AF, and
elucidate rationale and procedures of a potentially novel treatment
option.
Anti-inflammatory screening biomarkers on an LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cell model: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Authors: Facchin Bruno , Reis Gustavo dos , Vieira Guilherme , Mohr Eduarda , Rosa Júlia da , Kretzer Iara , Demarchi Izabel , Dalmarco Eduardo
Published: January 2024

The inflammation is a response to some injury aimed at reestablishing
homeostasis of the affected tissue. The in vitro model using RAW 264.7
cells has been widely used, as experimental model to assess the
inflammatory response. However, there is still no consensus on which
inflammatory mediators should initially be measured to screen for
possible anti-inflammatory effects. To determine the rationality of
measuring different inflammatory mediators together with NO, we carried
out this systematic review and meta-analysis. A total of 17 studies were
included, and LPS-induced cells produced high NO levels compared to
non-LPS induced, and this production was not related to cell density.
TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, also showed high levels after cells had been
stimulated with LPS; however, these effects were related to cell
density. Finally, was found that measurement of NO levels alone may be
sufficient to screen for possible anti-inflammatory action in the
context of this model.
Hereditary Carboxypeptidase N deficiency, a clinical situation presenting with urticaria and angioedema
Authors: Vincent Denis , Parsopoulou Faidra , Martin Ludovic , Gaboriaud Christine , Loules Gedeon , Cichon Sven , Germenis Anastasios , GHANNAM Arije , Drouet Christian
Published: January 2024

Background: Carboxypeptidase N (CPN) plays a major role in
anaphylatoxin inactivation and is critical for bradykinin catabolism.
CPN deficiency is a rare and underdiagnosed condition. Its
pathophysiology has been shown as a function of anaphylatoxin and kinin
accumulation, prone to mast cell and endothelium activation and
sustaining inflammatory processes. We aimed to study families with
homogeneous presentations for clinical and biological observations and
genetics. Methods: Four families presenting with a CPN
deficiency have been included. The study comprised clinical records of
patients, biological parameters of anaphylatoxin/kinin metabolism,
analysis of variants by next-generation sequencing and Sanger
sequencing. Variants were classified as affecting splicing, benign to
deleterious or disease causing according to algorithms (HSF
, SIFT ,
Polyphen-2 , MutationTaster
). Results: Patients had chronic
spontaneous urticaria and swellings, mainly on face/lips, but also with
abdominal pain or laryngeal symptoms. Plasma samples from affected
patient displayed low CPN activity, mostly below 50% of median value.
We detected 3 variants in CPN1 gene encoding the catalytic 85-kDa
subunit of CPN, c.533G>A, c.582A>G and
c.734C>T. The families carried these variants in
combination, e.g.
[c.533G>A];[c.533G>A] (n=2),
[c.533G>A(;)c.582A>G] (n=1) and
[c.533G>A(;)c.734C>T] (n=1). Family
studies revealed that variant combinations associated with CPN
deficiency segregated with both symptoms and CPN activity.
Conclusions: CPN deficiency has been found associated with
combinations of CPN1 variants, with c.533G>A when
present on both alleles or in combination with c.582A>G or
c.734C>T. It is associated with a high risk of chronic
spontaneous urticaria and/or swellings, consistently with anaphylatoxin
and bradykinin accumulation.
Comparative Analysis of Complete Chloroplast Genomes and Multiple DNA Sequences Reveals Interspecific Relationships of C. bretschneideri and Related Species in China
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Sun Xinyu , Li Tong , Wang Jian , Xue Miliao , Sun Chao , Dong Wenxuan
Published: January 2024

Crataegus L. is a genus in the family Rosaceae with medicinal properties
and health benefits. The taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships of C.
bretschneideri have been of interest due to lack of effective markers.
We assembled the chloroplast genomes of C. bretschneideri and related
four species. The length of chloroplast genomes were ranging from
159,644 bp (C. bretschneideri) to 159,947 bp (C. pinnatifida var.
major). Five chloroplast genomes had similar feature and possessed from
86 to 88 protein coding genes, 37 tRNA genes and 8 rRNA genes arranged
in the same order. Eight hotspot regions including ndhJ, atpA,
trnQ-UUG-psbK and ycf1 were identified that could be used as potential
molecular markers. We also proposed divergence times for C.
bretschneideri based on chloroplast genome. Phylogenetic analyses,
supported by chloroplast genome and nuclear sequencing, indicated that
C. bretschneideri might arose through hybridization between C.
pinnatifida and C. maximowiczii. It provides a new insight into the
hybrid origin of C. bretschneideri resources.
Modeling Multiphase Fluid Flow, Mass Transfer, and Chemical Reactions in Bioreactors using Large-Eddy Simulation
Authors: Hanspal Navraj , DeVincentis Brian , Thomas John
Published: January 2024

In this work, we present a transient LES approach using the
Euler-Lagrange methodology and the Lattice-Boltzmann method, to
successfully model and simulate interlinked bioreactor physics
describing free surface hydrodynamics, multiphase mixing and mass
transport in non-reacting and reacting systems. It is shown that the
presence of reactions can result in a non-uniform spatially varying
species concentration field, the magnitude and extent of which is
directly related to the reaction rates and the underlying variations in
the local volumetric mass transfer coefficient. Furthermore, we present
a Gluconic acid optimization case study, which provides insights into
the growth rates and process optimization over several hours of
production. The computational approach presented in this work runs
orders-of-magnitude faster than the conventional modeling tools and
provides a unified framework for better understanding of free surface
hydrodynamics, mixing, oxygen mass transfer and reaction kinetics to
help with scale-up/scale-down decisions across a range of lengthscales.
Dermatitis herpetiformis in a child with Wiskott Aldrich Syndrome -- A rare occurrence
Authors: Mohite Rachna Shanbhag , Furtado Shireen , Kaur Tripti , MN Vidya , Bhattad Sagar
Published: January 2024

Wiskott Aldrich Syndrome (WAS) is characterised by
microthrombocytopenia, eczema and recurrent infections. Though
autoimmune complications are well known in patients with WAS, the
mechanisms underlying their occurrence have not been well defined. In
this report, we describe a young Indian boy with WAS who presented with
an unusual autoimmune complication of dermatitis herpetiformis. He was
treated with steroids, dapsone & gluten free diet. To the best of our
knowledge, this is the first case of dermatitis herpetiformis reported
in a patient with WAS.
Understanding Protein Structure: An Inter-atomic Spherical Coordinate System Revisit
Authors: Li Wei
Published: January 2024

Understanding protein structure is important not just for an accurate
mechanistic understanding of its function, but also for the extraction
of protein structural features for further downstream applications.
Geometrically, Cartesian coordinate system (CCS) and spherical
coordinate system (SCS, ρ, θ and φ) are two interconvertible coordinate
systems, and are like two sides of one coin. As an alternative to the
default CCS approach, this perspective puts forward an inter-atomic SCS
(IASCS) approach towards protein structure description with just two
parameters, i.e., θ and φ. In addition, this perspective argues that
since CCS has been the default approach for the past 50 years, the time
is now ripe to take a look at the other side of the coin, and that this
IASCS approach can find its potential applications in protein structure
prediction, structural comparison and side chain placement in future.
Surprisingly moths exhibit strong memory among insects: A data-based mathematical modeling
Authors: Rana Sourav , Basu Ayanendranath , Bhattacharya Sabyasachi , Ghosh Sinchan
Published: January 2024

Just as competition, cooperation is also a fundamental aspect of species
growth; for survival and optimum population growth, an optimal degree of
aggregation is necessary, which perfectly balances the competition and
cooperation. Like cooperation, species memory is also an important
aspect in terms of species behavior and it is debatable as to whether a
species uses its memory for the evaluation of cooperation in an
ecosystem or not. In this paper, we attempt to provide a new outlook on
the relation between these two phenomena, memory and cooperation. We
have studied and analyzed time series abundance data for a large number
of species available in the global population dynamics database (GPDD)
exhibiting the evidence of cooperation. Our analysis indicates that
among the insect community, the moth species, have strong memory. We
have also provided a discussion on the interplay between memory and
cooperation with regard to the stability of the system. These findings
can open up new avenues in understanding species behavior in the
ecological niche.
Long-term overgrazing reduces glomalin-related soil protein in alpine grassland
Authors: Li Qian , Zhao Guangyue , Qian Dawen , Du Yangong , Guo Xiaowei , Fan Bo , Cao Guangmin
Published: January 2024

Glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) is a recalcitrant glycoprotein
mainly produced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and contributes to soil
carbon sequestration. Human activities (grazing, fertilization, etc.)
can change plant productivity, soil carbon pool, and microbial community
in an alpine grassland ecosystem. However, no study has reported on the
effect of human activities on GRSP. Besides, the effect of the
interaction between environmental factors and human activities on GRSP
is unknown. This study assessed GRSP response to grazing intensity
gradients and fertilization in an alpine grassland (Qinghai-Tibet
Plateau). The result showed that livestock grazing changed GRSP
stability in alpine grassland. Moreover, the content of total GRSP and
easily extractable GRSP were gradually decreased with increasing grazing
intensities in both surface and subsurface soils. GRSP was highly
positively correlated with soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen
(TN), and available phosphorus (AP) but negatively correlated with the
soil inorganic carbon (SIC) and PH (P<0.001). GRSP promoted
SOC by 3.7-14.18%. In contrast, N and P addition for five years did not
affect SOC and GRSP contents. Therefore, GRSP is a stable organic carbon
essential for SOC fixation. Short-term distractions cannot affect GRSP
stability, while long-term overgrazing can gradually reduce GRSP
stability. This study provides new insights into soil carbon pool and
ecological stoichiometry in the grassland succession process on the
Qinghai-Tibet plateau.
METHOTREXATE-INDUCED STROKE LIKE NEUROTOXICITY: CASE REPORT, EIGHT YEARS OF EXPERIENCE AND LITERATURE REVIEW.
Authors: García-Salido Alberto , Suso Dorleta López de , Andion Maitane , Leoz-Gordillo Inés , LASSALETTA ALVARO , Sirvent Sara
Published: January 2024

Methotrexate (MTX) intrathecal and intravenous administration is
associated with neurotoxicity. We report a 15-year old girl diagnosed
with large cell B lymphoma. On eighteen-day after intrathecal MTX
presented stroke-like symptoms. Magnetic resonance was informed as a
possible stroke in the right frontal lobe. The patient does not meet the
criteria for fibrinolysis. MTX neurotoxicity was suspected, and
theophylline was initiated. She showed complete recovery after three
days of treatment. After describing the case, we review MTX
neurotoxicity cases from our centre from January 2010 to December 2018.
Also, we added to this data the previously published cases in the
literature.
Protection mechanisms of cell and hair follicle for paclitaxel-induced alopecia with scalp cooling in the rat model
Authors: Xu Yi , chen liang , Ye Xuhui , Dang Hangyu , Cui Mengdong
Published: January 2024

Alopecia is one of the most intolerable side effects of chemotherapy for
cancer. Scalp cooling is currently the only way to prevent alopecia due
to chemotherapy, but the mechanisms involved in scalp cooling were
unclear. The present work reveals a preliminary inhibitory mechanism of
scalp cooling on paclitaxel-induced alopecia. Cold stimulation enhanced
local vasoconstriction, the vascular diameter presented an oscillating
attenuation. The final change rate of blood vessel dimensionless
diameter was 0.32 at 22℃. This led to the reduction of chemotherapeutic
drugs transported by blood flow and the reduction of drug concentration
in scalp. Cooling significantly rescued REK cells with individual
chemotherapy drugs, and the lower temperature, the better the
protection. Cooling weakened the cytotoxicity of paclitaxel and
carboplatin (TC) treatment in some extent. Cells cultured at 22°C
resulted in G1 phase arrest. Paclitaxel-treated cells blocked G2 phase
and induced cell apoptosis. However, when the cells were treated with
paclitaxel at 22°C, the cell cycle returned to normal. The low
temperature balanced the effect of paclitaxel on the cell cycle. The
cells were treated at 22°C for 2h, the concentration of HSP70 was
significantly higher than that of the control group, more than 3 times.
Cooling reduced the number of PH3+ and Caspase-3+ cells in the hair
follicle, and effectively reduced the cell apoptosis in the hair
follicle. These results can be potential to provide a basis for more
deeply understanding alopecia prevention with scalp cooling during
chemotherapy.
Identification of Promising SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (Mpro) and Spike Protein Inhibitors From Edible Mushroom: A Computational Approach
Authors: Enmozhi Sukanth Kumar , Raja Kavitha , M Kaleeswaran , Vivek Rahul , Samuel Rachel Stepheena , Sebastine Irudhayasamy , Murugan Ramdurai , Joseph Jerrine , Chinnasamy Arulvasu
Published: January 2024

Coronaviruses infect lungs leading to death due to asphyxiation.
SARS-CoV-2 is treated by targeting symptoms, repurposing drugs and
plasma therapy. Several synthetic drugs are being prescribed that cause
major side effects in liver, kidney and heart. Therefore new compounds
with low toxicity must be investigated. We have identified antiviral
compounds like Eritadenine, Gallic Acid, Ergosterol Peroxide and Pleuran
from various edible mushrooms such as Lentinula edodes,
Agaricus bisporus, Pleutorus ostreatus and Hericium
erinaceus with evidence of literature review. The docking and
simulation studies with the targets of SARS-CoV-2 such as Main Protease
(M Pro) and Spike Protein were highly successful. In silico ADMET
studies further proved that these compounds are druggable with low
toxicity. These compounds have potential to prevent the cellular entry
to prohibit assembly of new viruses inside the cell. But further studies
are required to substantiate their bioactivity claim by in vitro
and in vivo assay methods.
Acute and absolute right ventricular systolic function improvement after large load of thrombi-in-transit solved by percutaneous interventionism in a patient with SARS-CoV2 pulmonary sequelae.
Authors: Fernández-Campos Beatriz A , Tartón José I , Alday-Ramírez Sergio M , Gabutti Alejandro , Oseguera-Moguel Jorge , Vásquez-Ortiz Zuilma
Published: January 2024

Chronic complications of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV2) are yet being investigated. We present a case of a patient
with a bulla in the right lung as a SARS-CoV2 complication prompting
segmentectomy. After surgery, and despite thromboprophylaxis, patient
developed acute massive pulmonary embolism documented by point of care
ultrasound. Our case highlights that in these patients, early diagnosis
and treatment by percutaneous interventionism can alleviate volume and
pressure overload and help in an overall improvement in right
ventricular function.
Numerical solution of linear integro-differential equations by using generalized Bernstein operator collocation method
Authors: Jilong He , Zheng Zhoushun
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we use the generalized Bernstein operator collocation
method to compute weak singular kernel differential integral equations.
We reconstruct the differential matrix form according to the definition
of operator and give the proof of convergence. Three examples are used
to compare the results with the previous results. The method contains
the process of the previous results and can achieve the expected
accuracy. At the same time, the matrix needed in the calculation process
is also given in the appendix.
Short and long-term costs of inbreeding in the lifelong-partnership in a termite
Authors: Eyer Pierre Andre , Vargo Edward
Published: January 2024

Social life and lifelong partner commitments are expected to favor
thorough partner choice, as an ill-suited partnership may have long-term
consequences, adversely affecting the parents and spanning several
cohorts of offspring. Here, we used ~1400 termite
incipient colonies to estimate the short- and long-term costs of
inbreeding upon the survival of the parents over a 15-month period,
their productivity, and the resistance of their offspring toward
pathogen pressure. We observed that foundation success was not
influenced by the relatedness of partners, but by their levels of
microbial load. We showed faster growth in inbred colonies, revealing a
potential tradeoff with pathogen susceptibility. Yet, inbreeding takes
its toll later in colony development when incipient colonies face
pathogen pressure. Although the consequences of choosing a lifetime
partner is initially determined by the partner’s health, the cost of
inbreeding in incipient colonies favors outbred colonies reaching
maturity
Covid-19 outbreak: does the use of a surgical mask impact the sense of smell? A crossover prospective comparative study
Authors: Hyvrard Clémentine , Petitjean Margaux , Fieux Maxime , Zerah-Lancner Françoise , Coste André , Bartier Sophie
Published: January 2024

- We hypothesized that the surgical mask could filter some odorant
particles, leading to a transient hyposmia. - A crossover prospective
comparative study between 2 groups of 10 healthy volunteers was
conducted to evaluate the impact of wearing a surgical mask on sense of
smell by comparing the results of sniffin’ sticks test (SST) with and
without a surgical mask. - All the subjects, except one, had a
significantly better total score (TDI) without a mask. - 4/20 (20%)
were normosmic without a mask, while being recategorized as hyposmic
with a mask. - Wearing a surgical mask may reduce the sense of smell, in
a cohort of young normosmic patients.
A review on atrial fibrillation (computer simulation and clinical perspectives)
Authors: Zaman Muhammad Adib Uz , Du Dongping
Published: January 2024

Atrial fibrillation (AF), a heart condition, has been a well-researched
topic for the past few decades. This multidisciplinary field of study
deals with clinical procedures, signal processing, finite element
analysis and mathematical modeling. This article is focused on a review
of some journal articles published in the field of AF. From the age-old
fundamental concepts to specialized modern techniques involved in
today’s AF research have been discussed. It is found that quite a large
number of research articles have already been published in modeling and
simulation of AF. In comparison to that, the diagnosis and
post-operative procedures for AF patients have not yet been totally
understood or explored by the researchers. Simulation and modeling of AF
have been investigated by many researchers in this field. Cellular
model, tissue model, geometric model among others have been used to
simulate AF. Due to a very complex nature, the causes of AF have not
been fully perceived till date, but the simulated results are validated
with real-life patient data. Many algorithms have been proposed to
detect the source of AF in human atria. There are many ablation
strategies for AF patients but the search for more efficient ablation
strategies is still going on. AF management (like AF ablation, anti
coagulation, risk-factor, etc.) for patients with different stages of AF
has been discussed in the literature as well but is somehow limited
mostly to the patients with persistent AF. This study will help to find
existing research gaps in analysis and diagnosis of AF
IMPACT OF METHYLPREDNISOLONE PULSE ON THE MORTALITY OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME SECONDARY TO COVID-19
Authors: Sousa Adrian , Lima Olalla , Perez-Gonzalez Alexandre , Araujo Alejandro , Longueira Rebeca , Moreiras Anton Otero , Nuñez Marta , Ramos Cristina , Martinez-Lamas Lucia , Casal Manuel Crespo , Rubianes Martin , Pérez-Rodríguez Maria Teresa
Published: January 2024

Corticosteroids are the most important factor to reduce the mortality in
patients with moderate-severe COVID-19. The aim of the study was to
analyze the impact of methylprednisolone pulse (MPP) on in-hospital
mortality of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
due to COVID-19. We conducted a retrospective, single-center
observational study We selected adult patients admitted to the hospital
with the diagnosis of COVID-19 between March and June 2020. A total of
306 patients were analyzed. In-hospital crude mortality rate was 17%.
Diabetes mellitus (HR 5.5, 95% CI 1.40–4.55), dementia (HR 7.7, 95%
CI 4.25-13.87) and ARDS (HR 4.2, 95% CI 2.34-7.46) were associated with
in -hospital mortality. In patients diagnosed of ARDS, the only
in-hospital mortality risk factor was dementia (HR 5.2, 95% CI
2.44–11.07), whereas MPP was a protective factor (HR 0.2, 95% CI
0.09–0.63)
Entire solutions of first order complex delay differential equations
Authors: Liu Yong
Published: January 2024

In this article, we investigate the following delay differential
equation $$ (\triangle_c
\nu(z))^{2}-\tilde{A}(z)\nu(z)\nu(z+c)+\tilde{B}(z)\frac{\nu’(z)}{\nu(z)}=R(z,
\nu(z)), $$ where $R(z, \nu(z))$ be an
irreducible rational function in $\nu(z)$ with rational
coefficients, $\tilde{A}(z)$ and
$\tilde{B}(z)$ be a rational function. We give
necessary conditions on the degree of $R(z, \nu)$ for
the above equation to admit a transcendental entire solution
$\nu(z)$ with
$\sigma_{2}(\nu)<1$. In
addition, for certain classes of equations, we prove the existence of
rational solutions and give their forms.
Gut Microbiome of Century-Old Snail Specimens Stable Across Time in Preservation
Authors: Chalifour Bridget , Elder Leanne , Li Jingchun
Published: January 2024

Oreohelix strigosa (Rocky Mountainsnail) is a land snail found in the
talus slopes of the Rocky Mountains. The University of Colorado’s Museum
of Natural History has densely sampled Oreohelix for the past century;
many are preserved in ethanol and available for molecular research.
While microbiome compositions in other systems are not affected by
short-term field season preservation, the effects of decades-long
preservation have yet to be assessed. We used 16S rRNA gene amplicon
sequencing to examine Oreohelix strigosa gut microbiomes from museum
specimens across a 98-year range, as well as within short term
preservation treatments collected in 2018. Treatment groups included
samples extracted fresh, without preservation; samples starved prior to
extraction; and samples preserved for 1 month, 6 months, and 9 months.
General microbiome composition was similar across all years. Sample
groups belonging to specific years, or specific short-term treatments,
showed unique associations with select bacterial taxa. Collection year
was not a significant predictor of microbial richness, though
unpreserved short-term treatments showed significantly higher richness
than preserved treatments. While year was a significant factor in
microbiome composition, it did not explain much of the variation across
samples. Other factors like location collected and drought index were
also significant drivers of community composition and explained as much
or more of the variability. This study is the first to examine animal
host associated microbiome change across a period of nearly one century.
Consistent patterns across this temporal range indicate that historic
specimens can answer many ecological questions surrounding the host
associated microbiome.
Natal origins of juvenile green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in the Bahamas: a comparison of recent and historical rookery contributions
Authors: Kynoch Camille , Fuentes Mariana , Dutton Peter , LaCasella Erin , Silver-Gorges Ian
Published: January 2024

Green sea turtle conservation benefits from knowledge of population
connectivity across different life stages. Green turtles are usually
managed at the level of genetically discrete rookeries, yet individuals
from different rookeries mix at foraging grounds. Rookeries may be
impacted by processes at foraging grounds, hence rookery contributions
to mixed foraging assemblages must be considered. Bimini, Bahamas, is an
important foraging ground for juvenile green turtles, but rookery
contributions to this assemblage have never been resolved. We generated
mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences for 96 green turtles from Bimini and
used Mixed Stock Analysis (MSA) to determine rookery contributions to
this foraging assemblage using high-resolution (~817
base pair) and low-resolution (~490 base pair) rookery
baseline data. The high-resolution data indicated that Quintana Roo,
Mexico and Central Eastern Florida contributed most to Bimini. The
low-resolution data indicated that Southwest Cuba and Central Eastern
Florida contributed the most to Bimini. The results of the
low-resolution MSA differ from a previous study conducted in Great
Inagua, Bahamas which may reflect rookery size, rookery proximity to
foraging grounds, the influence of currents, or a combination of these
factors. While the presence of large credible intervals in our results
does not permit explicit interpretation of individual MU contributions
identified in MSAs, our results reveal substantial relative differences
in rookery contributions to Bahamian foraging assemblages. Our study
highlights the importance of regularly monitoring rookery contributions,
resolving regional recruitment patterns to inform conservation, and the
importance of using high resolution data in future MSA’s to improve
rookery contribution accuracy.
Auditory Speech Effects and Quality of Family Life of Prelingually Deaf Children with Different Hearing Aid Models: A Prospective Study
Authors: Sun Qinzhi , Zhang BiaoXin , Ge Lei , Liu Pei , Zhu Zixiu , Hu Cuixia , chen shanwen , Wang Lulu
Published: January 2024

Objective To explore the differences in auditory speech effects and
quality of family life of pre-lingual deaf children with different
hearing aid models within one year afrer postoperative, and analyze the
relationship between them. Design A prospective cohort study Setting and
Participants Fifty-eight cases of children with prelingual deafness who
underwent cochlear implantion at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui
Medical University from March to July 2020 were selected. Main Outcome
Measures According to the hearing aid mode, Children with prelingual
deafness were divided into 21 cases in the unilateral cochlear implant
group (CI), 8 cases in the bimodal group (CI+HA), and 29 cases in the
bilateral cochlear implant group (BCI). The speech,spatial and qualities
of hearing scale-parent’s version(SSQ-P) and children using hearing
implants quality of life (CuHI QoL) were used to measure auditory speech
ability and family quality of life in three groups. Results At one year
postoperatively, the speech perception, spatial hearing, hearing sound
quality and SSQ-P scores of the BCI group were significantly higher than
those of the CI+HA group, and the CI+HA group was superior to the CI
group. Especially in spatial hearing and hearing sound quality, the BCI
group was more advantageous than the other two groups
(P<0.05). At 6 months postoperatively, the BCI group had the
highest quality of family life scores. while at 1 year postoperatively,
there was no differences in quality of family life between the three
groups (P>0.05). Overall, their quality of family life and
SSQ-P scores showed a gradual increase with the postoperative time.
Auditory speech effects were positively correlated with quality of
family life (r=0.312, P<0.01). Conclusions BCI can effectively
improve children’s spatial hearing and hearing quality. The better the
postoperative auditory speech effects, the higher the quality of family
life.
Successful ECMO therapy in a child with COVID-19-associated ARDS and Ewing's Sarcoma.
Authors: Niño-Taravilla Carmen , Zuleta-Morales Yuri , Montenegro Benigno , Sotomayor Cristian , Q. Claudia Greppi , Silva-Garay Pamela , Ortiz-Fritz Paula
Published: January 2024

Most children and adolescents with SARS-CoV-2 infection shows
asymptomatically or with mild symptoms. There are few reported cases of
extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in pediatric patients with
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We present a previously healthy
13-year-old male, diagnosed with metastatic Ewing’s sarcoma at the same
time as catastrophic acute respiratory distress syndrome due to
COVID-19, which was successfully supported by veno-venous ECMO, while he
received the corresponding chemotherapy protocol. ECMO can be used as
salvage therapy in oncology pediatric patients with respiratory failure
secondary to COVID-19. In addition, successful chemotherapy can be
administered while patients are supported on ECMO.
Mitogen-activated protein kinases associated sites of tobacco REPRESSION OF SHOOT GROWTH regulates its localization in plant cells
Authors: Wang Luyao , Gui Ying , Si Fangjie , Guo Jianhua , Jiang Chunhao
Published: January 2024

RSG was involved in plant gibberellin feedback regulation by inducing
the expression of key genes. The tobacco calcium-dependent protein
kinase, CDPK1 was reported to interact with RSG and manipulate its
intracellular localization by phosphorylating Ser-114 of RSG. Here, we
identified tobacco mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (NtMPK3) as an RSG
interacted protein kinase. Mutation of predicted MAPK-associated
phosphorylation site of RSG (Thr-30, Ser-74 and Thr-135) significantly
altered the intracellular localization of NtMPK3-RSG interaction
complex. Nuclear transport of RSG and its amino acids mutants (T30A and
S74A) were observed after treated with plant defense elicitor peptide
flg22 in 5 min, while the two mutated RSG swiftly relocalized in tobacco
cytoplasm in 30 min. Moreover, triple points mutation of RSG
(T30A/S74A/T135A) mimics constant unphosphorylated status, and
predominantly localized in tobacco cytoplasm. RSG (T30A/S74A/T135A)
showed no relocalization effect under the treatments of either flg22, B.
cereus AR156 or GA3, and was impaired in its role as TFs. Our results
suggest that MAPK associated phosphorylation sites of RSG regulate its
localization in tobacco and constant unphosphorylation of RSG in Thr-30,
Ser-74 and Thr-135 keeps RSG predominantly localized in cytoplasm.
Comparing ART outcomes in women with endometriosis after GnRH agonist versus GnRH antagonist ovarian hyperstimulation: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kuan Kevin , Tello Javier
Published: January 2024

Background: Endometriosis can cause subfertility and women may require
assisted reproductive technology (ART) to achieve their pregnancy goals.
Objectives: To compare ART outcomes following the long GnRH-agonist and
GnRH-antagonist controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) protocols in
patients with endometriosis. Search Strategy: MEDLINE, Embase, and Web
of Science were systematically searched in February 2021. Selection
Criteria: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies
comparing GnRH-agonist versus GnRH-antagonist COH in women with all
stages/subtypes of endometriosis. Data Collection and Analysis: Pooled
weighted mean differences and relative risks were calculated using the
random effects model. The Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of
Interventions (ROBINS-1) and ROB-2 tools (for RCT) were used for risk of
bias assessment. Main Results: 7 studies (1 RCT, 6 observational) with
2,477 patients were included. Meta-analysis of the studies found no
difference in the number of oocytes retrieved, clinical pregnancy rates,
live birth rates, and gonadotrophin dose required for COH. Fertilization
rates were significantly higher with the GnRH-agonist protocol (MD 4.3;
95% CI 0.30–8.29; P = 0.04). The GnRH-antagonist protocol required a
significantly shorter COH duration (MD 0.44; 95% CI 0.11 – 0.78; P =
0.01). Studies were of moderate to high risk of bias. Conclusion: Both
the long GnRH-agonist and GnRH-antagonist COH protocols generally yield
similar ART outcomes. Clinicians should consider, treatment costs,
stage/type of endometriosis, and pregnancy goals of their patients when
selecting a GnRH-analogue for COH. A well-powered RCT is needed to
minimise risk of bias and compare the risk for ovarian hyperstimulation
syndrome.
Hydrologic and Biochemical Processes Controlling Chromium Immobilization in a Low Permeability Groundwater Zone
Authors: Gong Yufeng , Liu Chunlei , Su Yiming , Zhang Yalei , Zhou Xuefei
Published: January 2024

Experiments and modeling were performed to investigate the coupled
hydrologic and biochemical processes that control chromium (Cr)
immobilization in a low permeability groundwater zone. Bench-top flow
cells were packed with a water-saturated high permeability zone (HPZ)
overlying a low permeability zone (LPZ). Cr(VI) was initially flushed
into the LPZ to establish a reservoir of this contaminant. Next, the
electron donor acetate and the bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens were
flushed into the HPZ; they mixed with Cr(VI) in the LPZ and promoted its
reduction. Experimental depth profiles show that approximately 80 % of
Cr(VI) introduced to the flow cell was immobilized as Cr(III) over 180 h
within a small region on either side of the HPZ-LPZ interface.
Groundwater flow and reactive transport in the flow cell were simulated
using MODFLOW and RT3D, respectively, with dual-Monod kinetics defined
in the custom reaction module of RT3D. Modeling results adequately
matched experimental data, and were extended to simulate Cr(VI) fate in
a numerical flow cell with the same dimensions but with the LPZ replaced
by a diffusion-controlled lower permeability clay matrix. For this
scenario, approximately 99% of the Cr(VI) in the LPZ could eventually
be immobilized as Cr(III); this primarily occurred in the LPZ and
mitigated Cr(VI) back diffusion to the HPZ. Overall, results from this
work support acetate amendment to HPZs as an effective strategy to trap
Cr(III) in LPZs and mitigate back diffusion of Cr(VI) into adjacent HPZs
of a groundwater aquifer.
Wide-genome selective analysis of Boer goat to investigate the dynamic heredity evolution under different domestic stages
Authors: Yuan Ying , Liu Cheng-Li , Zhang Wei-Yi , HE YONG-MENG , zhang hao-yuan , Xu Lu , Yang Bai-Gao , Huang Yong-Fu , Ren Hang-Xing , Wang Gao-Fu , e guangxin
Published: January 2024

Boer goats, as kemp in meat-type goats, are selected and bred from
African indigenous goats under a long period of artificial selection.
Their advantages in multiple economic traits, particularly their plump
growth, have attracted worldwide attention. Here, we displayed the
wide-genome selective sweep of South Africa indigenous goat (AF),
African Boer (BH), and Australian Boer (AS) to investigate the
hereditary basis of artificial selection in different domesticated
stages. A total of 18321865 SNPs and 9784 autosomal CNVs were
identified, 573 candidate genes are screened by top 5% of both
parameters (πrate and FST) for BH vs AF; 502 candidate genes were
obtained from AS vs BH based on SNP data. Regarding CNV data, 24
candidate genes were annotated from top 1% CNVs (FST≥0.511719) based on
BH vs AF, and 23 were annotated from top 1% (FST≥0.609523) CNVs in AS
vs BH. A mount of identified candidate genes was related to
reproduction, metabolism, growth, and development according to GO and
KEGG annotation. Furthermore, these candidate genes related to the
metabolism of fatty acids, minerals, and vitamins confirmed that raising
level led to the rapid co-evolution of the metabolism and environment of
Boer goats. Specifically, we found a series of non-synonymous mutations
from the coding region of NF1 have significant allele frequency
different between populations that was related to muscle development.
This study provided valuable genomic resources for exploring the
evolutionary history of Boer goats and genetic improvement of goats. It
also helped us elucidate the genetic basis behind artificial selection
in domestic animals.
Tuning defect nonequilibrium of brownmillerite Sr1+xY2-xO4+δ for rich-oxygen-vacancy direct ammonia SOFC cathode
Authors: Zhong Fulan , Zhang Yan , Luo Yu , Chen Chongqi , Fang Huihuang , Zhou Chen , Lin Li , Au Chak-tong , Jiang Lilong
Published: January 2024

In this study, we prepared SrR2O4+δ (SRO, R=Y, Yb, Gd, Sm) of
brownmillerite structure. Among the four n-type SRO semiconductors, SYO
is the most negative in conduction band and the smallest in band gap. As
a result, the SYO-based SOFC can offer a maximum power density (MPD) of
1.03W/cm-2 at 800°C, which is higher than that based on the other three
SRO oxides. The introduction of larger Sr2+ at the B sites of
Sr1+xY2-xO4+δ [SYO(x)] causes decrease of band gap, resulting in a
4-fold increase of electronic conductivity. The foreign Sr2+ creates
surface oxygen vacancies to boost interfacial transport. The measurement
of oxygen transport reveals that SYO(0.10) exhibits a bulk diffusion
coefficient 500 folds higher than that of LSM. An anode supported
Ni-YSZ|YSZ|SYO(0.10)-60YSZ DA-SOFC yields an MPD of
0.24W/cm2 at 600°C and 1.21 W/cm2 at 800°C with remarkable stability,
about 1.73- and 1.29-folds higher than that of LSM-based SOFC,
respectively.
Differences in interaction mechanism between tomato and Botrytis cinerea under different temperature and humidity
Authors: Li Tianzhu , Zhou Jie , Yuan Zenan , Ma Lele , Li Jianming
Published: January 2024

Currently, the environment plays an indispensable role in the
interaction between plants and pathogens. However, the detailed
mechanism of plant-pathogen interaction under different temperatures and
humidity remain unclear. In this study, we deciphered detailed
histological structure changes of the tomato and Botrytis cinerea (B.
cinerea) during their interaction under different temperatures and
humidity, and the dual transcriptome was deployed to elucidate the
in-depth host-pathogens interaction mechanisms. The results showed that
low humidity was adverse for hyphae differentiate of B. cinerea, leading
unsuccessful infection of pathogen. The most severe infection was under
the medium temperature and high humidity (MH) treatment, wherein the
hyphae released cell wall–degrading enzymes to penetrate the host
cells. High temperature induced the expression of heat stress and
photosynthesis-related genes, enhanced SA signal transduction, and at
the same time accumulated wax and other secondary metabolites, which
lead to the thickening of host cell walls and the expansion of
chloroplasts. Interestingly, the pathogenicity-related enzymes of B.
cinerea were severely inhibited under high temperature, causing the
mycelia grew without pathogenicity. While under low temperature, the
cell metabolism-related genes of B. cinerea were significantly
down-regulated, and the growth and development of the pathogens were
restricted, resulting in a decrease in biomass of B. cinerea.