bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect ofMulches and Phosphorus on Growth and Yield of Squash (Cucurbita pepo)
Authors: Akhter F , Mostarin T , Islam MN , Akhter S
Published: March 2019

This study was conducted at the Horticultural Farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during October, 2015 to January, 2016 to determine the effects of mulches and phosphorus on the growth and yield of squash (Cucurbita pepo). The experiment consisted of two factors. Factor A: different mulches and Factor B: phosphorus (3 levels). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Mulches and phosphorus showed significant effects on most of the parameters. In case of mulches, highest individual fruit weight (328.0 g) and fruit yield (37.0 tha-1) was recorded from black polythene, whereas the lowest fruit weight (280.8 g) and fruit yield (21.5 tha-1) was recorded from control. In case of phosphorus, highest individual fruit weight (300.4 g) and fruit yield (31.3 tha-1) was recorded from 90 kg P2O5/ha,whereas the lowest fruit weight (290.4 g) and fruit yield (26.2 tha-1) was recorded from control. For combination, highest individual fruit weight (338.2 g) and fruit yield (39.9 t ha-1) were recorded from black polythene with 90 kg P2O5/ha while the lowest individual fruit weight (272.2 g) and fruit yield (19.7 t ha-1) were recorded from control treatment. Black polythene mulch with 90 kg P2O5/ha was found suitable for squash cultivation under the condition of the study.

The Agriculturists 2018; 16(2) 25-34
Productivity and Profitability of Four Crops Based Cropping Pattern in Cumilla Region of Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain MH , Bhowal SK , Bashir MM , Khan ASMMR
Published: March 2019

Field experiment was conducted at the farmers' field of Amratoli, Barura multi location testing site of Cumilla during 2014-15 and 2015-16 to increase cropping intensity and productivity by inclusion of T. Aus in existing cropping pattern. Thus experiment variables were F: Existing cropping pattern (Potato -Boro-Fallow-T. Aman) and FA: Alternate cropping pattern (Potato- Boro- T. Aus- T.Aman). Research result indicated that rice equivalent yield (REY) in alternate cropping pattern was 43.46 t ha-1, which is 25.90% higher over existing pattern (34.52 t ha-1). Higher gross return (Tk. 651900 ha-1), gross margin (Tk. 416520 ha-1) and higher marginal benefit cost ratio (2.77) obtained from alternate cropping pattern messaged that this pattern may be recommended to other extrapolation areas of Cumilla region.

The Agriculturists 2018; 16(2) 88-92
Determination of Crop Co-efficient Values for Jute (Corchorus olitorius L.)
Authors: Milla AJ , Akanda AR , Biswas SK , Uddin MA
Published: March 2019

Site specific calibration of crop coefficient (Kc) values is essential for irrigation scheduling of any crop. In order to determine the values of Kc for jute, an experiment was conducted at the Irrigation and Water Management Division of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur. An improved jute variety BJRI Tosa-2 (O-9897) was used in this experiment. The study examined growth and yield of the jute in terms of four irrigation treatments distributed over 7-28 days intervals. The treatments were so designed that drainage was allowed between the consecutive irrigations. Irrigation at 14days interval produced the highest dry fiber yield (3.93 t/ha) and was considered to be suitable for estimating seasonal crop evapotranspiration and Kc values. The seasonal crop ET was 549.13 mm under this treatment. The Kc values of jute at initial, development, mid-season and late season stages were found to be 0.72, 1.39, 1.26 and 0.46, respectively. As there is no FAO-recommended Kc value for this crop, this locally calibrated values can be used for similar climatic conditions of Bangladesh and elsewhere. Therefore, based on Kc value, it can be recommended that jute can be irrigated by equal amount of water needed for crop evapotranspiration (ETc) for different growth stages (141.05, 142.57, 167.34, and 84.30 mm) to get maximum dry fiber yield.

The Agriculturists 2018; 16(2) 115-122
Utilization of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) Seed’s Flour in Food Processing: A Review
Authors: Akter Bonany , Haque M Amdadul
Published: March 2019

Although jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) seeds have significant food value, these are underutilized by both human and animals due to lack of information about nutrient contents and its effective use in food formulations. This review article aimed to highlight the information regarding physicochemical properties, nutrient contents and prospective use of jackfruit seeds flour in food formulations. Various research results on preparation of food products like bread, cake and noodles by supplementing jackfruit seeds flour are reported herein. Seeds flour contains high amount of starch, protein, fiber, ash and essential minerals such as calcium, phosphorus and iron. Functional properties – water/oil absorption capacity, solubility, swelling power, bulk density, gelatinization, foaming capacity, emulsification- of seeds flour are summarized. Facts from nutritional, functional and sensory assessments suggest that jackfruit seeds flour can be used in various processed products. It can also be used as an alternate source for starch.

The Agriculturists 2018; 16(2) 131-142
Comparison between Sutureless and Glue Free versus Sutured Limbal Conjunctival Autograft in Primary Pterygium Surgery
Authors: Huda Md Mahmud Ul , Khaleque Sajed Abdul
Published: March 2019

Introduction: To compare and evaluate the safety and efficacy of two surgical techniques for the management of primary pterygium.

Materials & Methods: The study included 176 eyes of 176 patients with primary pterygium. The mean age was 49 ± 12 years (range 24–74 years). Simple excision under local anesthesia was performed followed by closure of the bare sclera by suture less and glue free conjunctival autograft in 76 eyes of 76 patients (group 1), versus the conventional method of a sutured conjunctival autograft in 100 eyes of 100 patients (group 2).

Results: The pterygium recurrence rate was 6% for group 1, 8% for group 2. Graft dehiscence occurred in 4 eyes out of 50 (8%) in group 1. Graft retraction occurred in 6 (12%) out of 50 eyes for group 1 versus 6 eyes (6%) in group 2. Pyogenic granuloma occurred in 3 (3%) eyes out of 100 in group 2. No other serious complications were noted. At the 3 week visit the overall patient satisfaction score was statistically significantly higher for group 1 (P < 0.002) compared to group 2. At 3 months postoperatively, the gain in uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) ranged from 0.2 to 0.5 Log MAR in 10 eyes.

Conclusion: Sutureless and glue free conjunctival autograft technique is easy, safe, effective, prevents potential adverse reactions encountered with the use of foreign materials. This technique has an acceptable pterygium recurrence rate that is comparable to conventional sutured conjunctival autograft for primary pterygium.

Medicine Today 2018 Vol.31(1): 1-8
Medication Adherence Patterns to Anti-diabetic Drugs among Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Shaha Kartick Chanda , Khan Mohammed Asaduzzaman , Akter Farhana , Jyoti Bhagyoshree Karmokar
Published: March 2019

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the pattern of medication adherence to anti-diabetic drugs among type 2 diabetic patients at two tertiary level hospitals in Mymensingh.

Materials and Methods: An observational, cross sectional study was conducted from January 2016 to June 2016 among patients attending at Endocrine Outpatient Department of the Mymensingh Medical College Hospital and Medicine Outpatient Department of the Community Based Medical College Hospital, after obtaining requisite consent from the patients. Once the consultation by the physician was over, the patients were interviewed. Medication adherence was assessed through the specific four questions patient questionnaire, the modified morisky instrument that has high reliability and validity and the patient was considered to be highly adherent if he or she answered in the negative to all four questions (score-0).

Results: In a pool of 300 type 2 diabetics, more than half were female (n=223, 74.3%). The mean age of the patients were found to be 50.59 ± 12.57 years. Less than half (37%) of the patients were considered highly adherent, 44% patients were considered moderately adherent and 19% patients were considered poorly adherent to the prescribed anti-diabetic drugs.

Conclusion: The participants in the area of study were moderately adherent to their anti-diabetic medications. Measures should be taken to improve patient’s adherence to the prescribed treatment.

Medicine Today 2019 Vol.31(1): 19-22
ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE OF THE POPULATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN ON ISSUES OF HIV AND COMMITMENT TO VARIOUS PATTERNS OF BEHAVIOR
Authors: Agliullina Saida T , Khasanova Gulshat R , Mukharyamova Laysan M
Published: March 2019

The aim of the study is to assess the degree of awareness of different population groups of the Republic of Tatarstan, of commitment to safe behaviors in conjunction with the assessment of their own risk of HIV infection. Methods. An anonymous survey of the working and student population (577 respondents) was conducted. The survey results were processed using Microsoft office Excel 2010 and OpenEpi online calculators (http://www.openepi.com). Results. Only 84 respondents (14.6 ± 1.5 %) recognize the seriousness of the HIV problem in the region. A significant proportion of respondents (43.8 ± 2.1 %) have «discriminating» thoughts. At the same time, persons older than 30 years statistically significantly more often expressed a desire to stop communicating with a friend in the case of infection than respondents younger than 30 years (55,0 ± 3,5 and 35,9 ± 2,7 % respectively, x2 = 17,7; p < 0,001). Only half of the respondents believe that a condom is 100 % effective in the case of correct use and maintaining the integrity of the condom. The proportion of people who only have safe sex is statistically significantly higher among people under 30 years than among people over 30 years (36.0 ± 3.2 and 10.7 ± 2.2 % respectively, x2 = 35.12; p < 0.001). Conclusions. The population's underestimation of the urgency of the problem, underestimation of its own risk of HIV infection, lack of awareness of prevention and low adherence to safe behavior were identified. Continued efforts to provide reliable information to the population on ways to transmit and prevent HIV infection, with increased coverage of persons over 30 years, are required with the aim of increasing the alertness of the population and adherence to safe behaviors, and the prevention of discrimination against people living with HIV.
MECHANISMS OF MEMORY IN MENTAL ECOLOGY OF THE NORTHERN PEOPLES
Authors: Terebikhin N M , Tamitskiy A M , Khudyaev A S , Zhuravlev P S
Published: March 2019

Theoretical significance, practical relevance and urgency of research regarding ecology of memory within the framework of the northern peoples' ethnocultural tradition is determined by both lack of advanced studies in the area in question and the necessity for development of scientifically valid regional memory policy that would give consideration to the contemporary drift of cultural, ethnical, and ideological identities, while at the same time relying on the traditional mechanisms, forms and institutions of memorial culture in the European North of Russia. The paper mainly aims at the semiotic analysis of a sacred status and stereotypes of behavior typical of the ethnic memory keepers, as well as of mythopoetic algorithms and ritual practices for preservation, interpretation and translation of sociocultural values, codes and meanings within the mental space of the northern peoples' ethnocultural tradition. In reliance upon the analysis of the existing historiographical circumstances, it may be deduced that the scope of ecology of memory as a transdisciplinary research area has not yet overcome its fledging period, which is why the present article shall be considered an attempt to thematize and problematize ecological and commemorative discourse. Methodological background of the research involves the theory of communication along with the phenomenological approach and the methods of structural and semiotic analysis. The main purpose of the article is presentation of scientific results of research on the mental-ecological functionality of ethnic memory keepers, related with mythopoetic algorithms and ritual practices of preservation, interpretation and transmission of sociocultural values, codes and meanings within mental space of the northern peoples' ethnocultural traditions. Close observation of forms, mechanisms and functions of the ethnical ecology of memory within the mental space of archaic and traditional communities of the North and the Arctic has allowed obtaining new scientific results. These are in the first place related to the revealing of mental-ecological functionality of carriers and keepers of the ethnic «deified memory». In the second place, the results contribute to the identification of crucial role of Orthodox hierotopy' heritage in the sacred mental ecology of the Pomor Land. Geocultural space of it was "territory of memory and meanings" accomplishing a higher prototypical mission of a memorial within Russian and world culture.
A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO PSICHOPREVENTIVE EXAMINATION OF POLICE OFFICERS
Authors: Zlokazova M V , Bogdasarov Yu V , Soloviev A G , Ichitovkina E G , Epshtein A M
Published: March 2019

The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of the multiprofessional approach in conducting planned annual psychoprophylactic examinations of employees of remote Interdistrict police departments. Methods: А continuous analysis of 13 480 protocols of the center for psychophysiological diagnostics Of the medical and sanitary Department of the Ministry of internal Affairs of Russia in the Kirov region, containing information on the results of planned psychoprophylactic examinations of personnel, for the period from 2011 to 2016. Quantitative and qualitative indicators were studied, including the coverage of psychoprophylactic examinations and the structure of the revealed disadaptive states in 2011-2014 (before the participation of medical psychologists of the center for psychophysiological diagnostics in the annual medical examination of personnel) and 2014-2016 - after the introduction of a multiprofessional approach. The student's t-test for independent groups was used to statistically process the results of the study, differences at p < 0.001 were considered statistically significant. Results: diagnostic screening allowed to identify employees who had signs of mental illness in a short period of time and to conduct targeted psychopathological and pathopsychological examinations for detection and correction of maladaptive States. The structure of mental health disorders in police officers was polymorphic and presented by borderline mental disorders (PDD), psychosomatic diseases, pre-nosological States in the form of short-term affective-behavioral reactions, situational neurotic States, asthenic manifestations and symptoms of emotional burnout. Conclusion: the participation of medical psychologists in the annual medical examination of personnel improves the quality of diagnosis of pre-nosological States of mental distress of employees of internal Affairs. Proposed to consider amendments to the existing provisions on the centres of psychophysiological diagnostics Medical divisions of the Ministry of internal Affairs of Russia on subjects of the Russian Federation and of the responsibilities of psychologists Centers on annual diagnostic surveys of the personnel of the police Department.
Como a família lida com a dificuldade da criança diante do baixo rendimento escolar?
Authors: Azambuja Rosa Maria da Motta
Published: March 2019

O artigo objetiva analisar como a família lida com a dificuldade da criança diante do baixo rendimento escolar. Realizou-se um estudo de caso em uma escola particular de uma comunidade de camada popular da cidade do Salvador cujo projeto foi submetido e aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Participaram do estudo três crianças, duas estudantes de sete e oito anos de idade, do segundo ano e um estudante de sete anos de idade, do primeiro ano do Ensino Fundamental, juntamente com seus pais. Realizou-se a análise da interação pais e filhos a partir de instrumentos da teoria sistêmica da família (jogo colaborativo e genograma). Identificou-se que as crianças manifestam vínculos familiares característicos de dependência; que as práticas educativas parentais são transmitidas através de um modelo autoritário com maior controle, regras impostas, pouco apoio à criança, muita exigência e pouco afeto; que as estratégias utilizadas para orientar o comportamento dos filhos são caracterizadas pela aplicação direta da força, incluindo punição física ou uso de ameaças. Além disso, a pesquisa aponta a qualidade da escola, a baixa escolaridade dos pais e o convívio em bairro violento como fatores que podem interferir na dificuldade de aprendizagem e que, portanto, necessitam ser melhor investigados em estudos futuros.
NEW RECORD OF NICOTIANA PLUMBAGINIFOLIA VIV.FROM KHANDESH REGION OF MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
Authors: RANE GAURI
Published: March 2019

Nicotiana plumbaginifolia Viv.- (Solanaceae) is reported for the first time from Khandesh region of Maharashtra, India. It is reported from Jalgaon city. The present paper provides a brief description flowering and fruiting period, localities, habitat and a photo plate for easy identification.
A CHECK LIST OF WATER BIRDS IN INLAND WETLAND OF WESTERN GHATS,MAHARASHTRA
Authors: RAMCHANDRA A.M.
Published: March 2019

Western Ghats biodiversity is one of the most significant in the world, internationally declared as world heritage. South Western Ghats of Maharashtra have vast number of inland wetland especially they are built for irrigation, drinking, domestic and drinking purposes. The present work carried out some inland wetlands of South Western Ghats of Maharashtra by line Transect method and direct observation method. The result revealed that huge number of water birds were attracted to different wetlands of South Western Ghats of Maharashtra in winter. Total 38 species of wetland birds were observed during study period. They were belonging to 4 order and 11 families. The status of bird and wetlands were studied, it revealed that more number of wetlands were facing several anthropogenic pressure, therefore indirect effect on population of water bird. This study is not complete but further research need to improving understanding of general pattern of inland wetlands and their biodiversity.
CHEMICAL CONTROL OF RODENTS IN ANIMAL FARMS (IZZAB) IN QATAR STATE
Authors: NOURELDIN ELSIDDIG M.
Published: March 2019

The aim of this study is to develop a control program for rodents in animal farms (Izzab) in Qatar. The preliminary baseline survey for rodent-infested Izzab revealed that 1506 Izzab out of 1814 was infested (83%). The overall percentage reduction in the rodent-infested Izzab after 6 months of the control programme was 77%. Towards the end of the control programme, a special strategy was adopted to control rodents in 327 Izzab in which rodents’ activity was still observed. A 75% reduction was attained in these Izzab at the end of the control programme. The overall reduction in the infested Izzab was 94% at the end of the control programme. The most predominant rodent species found in Izzab is the Norway rat Rattus norvegicus, making burrows inside and outside Izzab buildings. Fewer incidences were noted for the House mouse Mus musculus associated with Izzab buildings. It is recommended that bait consumption and rodents’ activity are to be monitored regularly so as to locate the farms that are still having problems and to detect any new foci or outbreaks. Implementing of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) technique is also highly recommended.
EFFECT OF FOLIAR SPRAYS OF GIBBERELLIC ACID ON NODULE NUMBER SHOOT AND ROOT LENGTH OF PHASEOLUS ACONITIFOLIUS
Authors: KUMAR SUSHIL
Published: March 2019

The effect of foliar spray of gibberellic acid on nodule number, shoot and root length was studied. Gibberellic acid inhibited the number of nodules at all the three concentrations. Maximum inhibition in the number of nodule was noted at 100 ppm concentration whereas the shoot and root length showed better growth.
STUDY OF NEW SPECIES ALTERNARIA SOLANACEARUM SP. NOV. FROM SOUTH SAGAR FOREST DIVISION OF MADHYA PRADESH, INDIA
Authors: MISHRA ARPANA , TRIPATHI SHRINARAYAN
Published: March 2019

On the basis of isolation and morphological studies, the new species of Alternaria was identified as Alternaria solanacearum. The specimens were collected from Kotkhera, Sarra, Range, Nauradehi (W.L.S.), South Sagar Forest Division, (M.P.) India, and deposited in H.C.I.O.,New Delhi. Morphotaxonomic determination being done on comparison with allied taxa in question and current literature.
DIVERSITY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS AT THE BANK OF RIVER GANGA IN DISTRICT BALLIA OF UTTAR PRADESH
Authors: CHANDRA SUBHASH , PANDEY RAHUL
Published: March 2019

The paper reports 46 species of medicinal plants with common and scientific names belonging to 46 species and 41 genera under 26 families from the eight sites viz. Belahari, Baria, Chandpur, Manjhua, Manjhi ghat, Mahavir ghat, Nagwa and Srirampur at banks of Ganga river in the district of Ballia for cure of various human diseases
AIR POLLUTION TOLERANCE INDEX OF VARIOUS PLANT SPECIES GROWING IN INDUSTRIAL AREA OF ORAI DISTRICT JALAUN (U.P.) INDIA
Authors: RATAN NEEL , YADAV MILAN , SINGH U.N.
Published: March 2019

Air pollution tolerance index (APTI) was calculated for various plant species growing in industrial area of Orai. The leaf samples collected from 24 tree species in the industrial area were used to determine their Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) by calculating the ascorbic acid, chlorophyll, pH and relative water contents. The APTI values of less than 16 are reported in 19 species and they can be used as indicators of air pollution. The species Ficus religiosa (24.92), Zizyphus jujuba (21.84), Phyllanthus emblica (17.40), Cassia fistula (17.67) and Tamarindus indica (16.96) showed their moderate response by changing their biochemical contents and were identified as moderately tolerant to air pollution.
EFFECT OF SOME PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS ON FRUIT YIELD AND SEED ATTRIBUTES OF OKRA (ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS)
Authors: KUMAR RAVI , PAL A. K. , MAURIYA SANDEEP K. , YADAV KULVEER SINGH , KUMAR ARUN
Published: March 2019

An investigation was carried out during rainy season at the HorticultureResearch Farm, Department of Horticulture, Institute of Agriculture Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. The investigation comprised ten treatments viz.,three levels each of gibberellic acid GA3 (50, 75 and 100 ppm), cytokinin (50, 75 and 100 ppm) and NAA (50, 75 and 100 ppm) along with control (distilled water) were applied as foliar application at 30 and 40 days after transplanting. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. Results revealed that, the minimum number of days (49.97) to 1st edible fruits harvesting was recorded in 100 ppm GA3 which was statistically at par with 75 ppm GA3. The maximum fruit length (13.22 cm), fruit diameter (1.82 cm), number of seeds per fruit (50.13), number of fruits per plant (23.47), fruit yield per plant (354.30 g), highest fruit yield (141.72 q/ha), 100 seed weight (5.18 g), seed yield per plant (47.97 g) and highest seed yield (19.19 q/ha) were recorded with GA3 at 100 ppm. The maximum fresh fruit weight (15.85 g) was recorded in 50 ppm.
EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT PLANT PRODUCTS AGAINST RUST RED FLOUR BEETLE,TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM IN STORED WHEAT GRAINS
Authors: TRIPATHI MANOJ KUMAR , PATEL DEO PRAKASH
Published: March 2019

A laboratory experiment was conducted to assess the efficacy of nine plant products namely neem, karanj, eucalyptus, lantana, custard apple, lemon grass and meetha neem using their leaf powder and turmeric and ginger using their rhizome powder against the rust red flour beetle. Tribolium castaneum in stored wheat. Among the different treatments of plant products were evaluated by treating 100 g of wheat grains with 2% of grain weight against T. castaneum up to 30 days. The grains treated with eucalyptus leaf powder were found to be most effective and 27.25% adult mortality and 0.09% weight loss was observed. The least effective treatment was custard apple leaf powder with 7.78 % mortality and lantana leaf powder where 0.37% weight loss was recorded.
FIRST REPORT OF FUNGAL DISEASE AT NURSERY OF SOCIAL FORESTRY DEPARTMENT, JALGAON (M.S.) INDIA
Authors: FIRDOUSI S.A.
Published: March 2019

During the extensive and intensive survey in order to collect and observe the severe fungal disease of nursery of social forestry department J. K. Park, Jalgaon, out of 20 trees plants, 16 plants were found affected from severe fungal diseases. These plants were – Azadirachta indica, Albezia procera, Albezia lebbeck, Madhuca latifolia, Pongamia pinnata, Tectona grandis, Termenilia arjuna, Termenelia bellerica, Ficus religiosa, Ficus benghalensis, Dalbergia sisso and Cassia fistula. About 8 leaf spot, 3 rust, 3 powdery mildew and 2 wilt diseases were observed during two years 2015-16, 2016-17. Pathogens were identified with the help of available literature and confirmed by experts.
SCREENING OF CERTAIN GREEN GRAM, VIGNA RADIATA GENOTYPES AGAINST SUCKING INSECT PESTS
Authors: SINGH SATVEER , SINGH P. S. , SINGH S.K. , SAXENA R.P.N.
Published: March 2019

The twenty genotypes of green gram namely Pant M4, ML 2410 , VGG 15-030, KM 2349, ML 818, Pusa 1671, Pusa 1672, Pant M6, PM 11-26, SML 1811, COGG 912, RMG 1092, PM 11-25, AKM 12-24, IGKM 06.26.5, RMG 1087, VGG 10-008, IGKM 05- 18-2, AKM 12-14, HUM-12 were raised under natural condition to study the population build-up of major sucking insect pests viz., Bemisia tabaci, Empoasca kerri, Caliothrips indicus on green gram. The results of present investigation revealed that maximum population of B. tabaci was recorded on the genotype ML 2410 (3.20 whitefly/split cage) followed by genotype PM 11- 25 (3.07 whitefly/split cage) and minimum in genotype RMG 1087 (1.38 whitefly/split cage) followed by genotype AKM 12-24 (1.67 whitefly/split cage). The maximum jassid population was recorded on genotype VGG 15-030 (3.41 jassid/ split cage) followed by genotype ML 2410 (2.92 jassid/ split cage) and minimum on genotype AKM 12-24 (1.63 jassid/split cage) followed by genotype AKM 12-14 (1.70 jassid/ split cage). The genotype PM 11-26 (2.06 thrips/5 flowers) showed maximum infestation of thrips followed by genotype Pusa 1671 (1.94 thrips/5 flowers) and minimum in genotype VGG 15-030 (0.21 thrips / 5 flowers) followed by genotype COGG 912 (0.45thrips / 5 flowers). The maximum yield was recorded in genotype VGG 10-008 (7.67 q/ ha), followed by genotype HUM 12 (7.33 q/ha) and minimum in COGG 912 (2.67 q/ha), followed by genotype VGG 15-030 (3.00 q/ha).
MENGENALI BAHAN TAMBAHAN PANGAN BERBAHAYA : ULASAN
Authors: Wahyudi Jatmiko
Published: March 2019

ENGLISHSeveral studies founded the usage of hazardous materials for food additives in many parts of Indonesia. Stakeholders especially The Government already implemented policies to against the abuse of hazardous food additives like the enactment of food regulations and food safety promotions. Many factors cause many people still using and distributing hazardous food additives (e.g. economic factors, knowledge and law enforcement). This paper provides an overview of types hazardous food additives and the negative impacts of consuming the additives on health emphasizing in the most popular of hazardous food additives namely formalin, borax and rhodamine B. In general, consuming the additives causes long-term health problems like cancer. However, consuming the additives in high dosage will make the consumers experiencing chronic poisoning and even causing death. Campaigns regarding food safety followed by law enforcement are very important actions to be done to eliminate the abuse of hazardous food additives. INDONESIABeberapa studi menunjukkan banyaknya penggunaan bahan yang berbahaya dan dilarang untuk digunakan sebagai bahan tambahan pangan. Pihak terkait khususnya pemerintah telah mengimplementasikan kebijakan untuk menekan penyalahgunaan BTP antara lain dengan pemberlakuan peraturan dan sosialisasi mengenai BTP. Beberapa faktor menjadi penyebab masih maraknya penggunaan BTP berbahaya antara lain faktor ekonomi, pengetahuan dan penegakan hukum. Ulasan ini akan memaparkan mengenai jenis BTP berbahaya yang sering digunakan dan dampak yang ditimbulkan akibat mengkonsumsi BTP tersebut bagi kesehatan dengan menekankan pada 3 jenis bahan terlarang yang paling sering digunakan sebagai BTP yaitu formalin, boraks dan Rhodamin B. Secara umum, mengkonsumsi BTP berbahaya akan memberikan dampak buruk bagi kesehatan dalam jangka panjang misalnya kanker. Namun, konsumsi BTP berbahaya dengan dosis yang tinggi dapat menyebabkan efek negatif langsung pada kesehatan misalnya keracunan bahkan kematian. Sosialisasi diikuti dengan penegakan hukum perlu terus dilakukan untuk mengatasi penyalahgunaan BTP berbahaya.
Assessment of Tolerance to Fusarium Wilt of some Traditional Accessions of Oil Palm (Alaeis guineensis Jacq.) Collected in Man, West of Cote d'Ivoire
Authors: Martine Kablan K.A.B. , Diabaté Sékou , Noel Konan J. , Hilaire Kouakou T. , Mongomaké Koné
Published: February 2019

The oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) genetic improvement is based on a recurrent reciprocal selection scheme, involving two groups of populations whose production components are complementary. Group A is essentially coming from Asia, while group B includes African oil palm populations. In order to increase genetic variability and to enrich the agronomic qualities of this group B, a survey was carried out in Western Côte d'Ivoire. Twelve traditional genotypes were collected in the Man area. They are known to produce a rather fluid palm oil but their behavior against Fusarium wilt was unknown. Therefore, these traditional populations were subjected to the Fusarium wilt tolerance test. One hundred and sixty (160) two-months-old seedlings of the traditional accessions were distributed in 8 completely randomized blocks and inoculated by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis. The appearance of external symptoms on inoculated plantlets was observed over the duration of 5 months, and internal symptoms remarked after plantlets dissection. Index of the Fusarium wilt susceptibility of each progeny was determined. A third of traditional genotypes tested (Dompleu Kp 03, Gbangbegouiné Doua 01, Gbangbegouiné Kla 01 and Gbatonguin Yod 02) proved to be highly tolerant to the wilt disease. Four traditional accessions (Bogouiné Sad 02, Dompleu Kp 01, Dimgouin Zoh 02 and Blolé Dio 05) showed low tolerance, while the last four traditional genotypes (Blolé Oul 03, Koutongouiné Iba 02, Blolé Dio 02 and Dompleu Dou 03) were sensitive to the wilt disease.
Bio-Control of the Lesion Nematode Pratylenchus coffeae Using Lixiviate from Banana Rachis (Musa sp.)
Authors: Pacome Seri Serge , Phillipe Gnonhouri , Patrice Assiri K. , Turquin Louise , Theodore Serge V. O. , Koutoua Séka , Diallo Hortense A.
Published: February 2019

The efficiency of lixiviate on the tolerance of plantain to root attacks of Pratylenchus coffeae has been examined. During the growing phase which lasted a month, four different treatments were applied to Banana plants of cultivars CORNE 1 and PITA 3: lix- (no lixiviate), lix100 (100% lixiviate), lix25 (25% lixiviate) and lix5 (5% lixiviate). Then, these plants were inoculated with 500 individuals of P. coffeae to assess the effect of lixiviate treatments against nematodes on both cultivars CORNE 1 and PITA 3. This study showed that 5% lixiviate and 25% lixiviate doses gave better agronomic parameters (mass of root system, the collar circumference, pseudo stem height, leaf area and a number of leaves) evaluated on vivoplants. Cultivars CORNE 1 treated with 25% lixiviate dose and cultivars PITA 3 treated with 5% lixiviate dose, gained tolerance against nematode’s attacks. Otherwise, cultivars PITA 3 were resistant to nematodes after 25% lixiviate dosage because P. coffeae were reduced by 80 % in this treatment. The results presented in this work are encouraging for the development of biological control methods of banana nematodes by lixiviate
Innovative approaches to improving the management system in the sphere of social protection of the population
Authors: Mahortov Yuri , Telichko Nataliya
Published: March 2019

The system of social’s defence of population is considered as object of state administration. Basic problems in her structure are educed under the prism of foreign experience of the European countries. The ways of reformation and realization of state administrations of the social defense’s system of population in Ukraine and development of effective mechanism of its management are offer.
Risk management in creating united territorial communities based on major cities
Authors: Martynyuk Alexander
Published: March 2019

The article is devoted to questions of the administrative-territorial reform in Ukraine, namely: the benefits and risks of creating a capable, united territorial community based on large cities. Authoroffers a reliable means for the formation of capable united territorial communities through the process of integration with economically developed centers – cities of oblast significance.
Blocchine Technology in the Analysis of Sectoral Information for the Purpose of Regulating Anthropogenic Load on Special Protection Natural Areas
Authors: Shmorgun Leonid , Kolesnikovich Viktor
Published: March 2019

In order to regulate the relations between the issues related to environmental protection and the development of the tourism industry, a system of methods for organizing rational recreational nature management is needed, taking into account the specific nature of conservation of natural biocoenosis, based on a well-founded conceptual apparatus, as well as a system of classifications and regulations that make maximal use of available potential and whichsimultaneously, does not allow the depletion and loss of biodiversity.
The instruments of grain market regulation in Ukraine
Authors: Pavlenko Maryna
Published: March 2019

The state and level of development of the grain market in Ukraine are researched. The problematic aspects and contradictions of the grain market regulation instruments are highlighted. Optimal directions of improvement of the instruments of grain market regulation in the modern conditions are determined. The regulatory instruments are proposed for the development of the insurance agrarian market in Ukraine to protect the property interests of commodity producers. Methodical approaches to increasing the supply of products on the grain market are presented.
THE IMPORTANCE OF TAX FACILITIES FOR COFFEE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AS AN EFFORT TO INCREASE EXPORTS
Authors: Puspita Sari Hanifah , Inayati, Inayati
Published: March 2019

Coffee is one of the agricultural commodities that can become Indonesia's export booster. The value of world coffee consumption is increasing every year and Indonesia is the fourth largest coffee producer in the world, so it has a great opportunity to increase the coffee market. Hence, in the last ten years Indonesia's land area, production, and coffee productivity have stagnated. Though competitors began to emerge from neighboring countries. This study aims to map the state levy policy both in the form of incentives and disincentives to encourage the development of this commodity and the efforts made to minimize the burden of state levies that are disincentive. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection methods in the form of in-depth interviews and secondary data. The results of the study show that there are several incentive policies such as income tax incentives for investment, VAT exemptions for several inputs, and exemption from import duties. The disincentive levy is VAT collection on the delivery of coffee beans which has an impact on the export competitiveness of coffee. One solution that has been issued by the government is to give an initial return on tax overpayment. The government needs to provide special treatment for VAT on this commodity as other countries do. The results of the study are expected to be used to improve the collection policy, particularly those that are disincentives to encourage superior agricultural products to export better.
Electric VTOL Configurations Comparison
Authors: Bacchini Alessandro , Cestino Enrico
Published: March 2019

In the last ten years, different concepts of electric vertical take-off and landing aircrafts (eVTOLs) have been tested. This article addresses the problem of the choice of the best configuration. VTOLs built since the fifties are presented and their advantages, disadvantages, and problems are discussed. Three representative eVTOLs, one for each main configuration, are compared on five main parameters and three reference missions. The parameters are disk loading, total hover time, cruise speed, practical range, and flight time. The performance of the eVTOLs on the urban, extra-urban, and long-range mission is evaluated computing the time and energy required. The results show that the best configuration depends on the mission. The multirotor is more efficient in hover. The vectored thrust jet is more efficient in cruise and has a higher range. The lift + cruise is a compromise.
Adaptation Mechanisms of Small Ruminants to Environmental Heat Stress
Authors: Berihulay Haile , Abied Adam , He Xiaohong , Jiang Lin , Ma Yuehui
Published: March 2019

Small ruminants are the critical source of livelihood for rural people to the development of sustainable and environmentally sound production systems. They provided a source of meat, milk, skin, and fiber. The several contributions of small ruminants to the economy of millions of rural people are however being challenged by extreme heat stress difficulties. Heat stress is one of the most detrimental factors contributing to reduced growth, production, reproduction performance, milk quantity and quality, as well as natural immunity, making animals more vulnerable to diseases and even death. However, small ruminants have successfully adapted to this extreme environment and possess some unique adaptive traits due to behavioral, morphological, physiological, and largely genetic bases. This review paper, therefore, aims to provide an integrative explanation of small ruminant adaptation to heat stress and address some responsible candidate genes in adapting to thermal-stressed environments.
Policy-Compliant Maximum Network Flows
Authors: Audenaert Pieter , Colle Didier , Pickavet Mario
Published: March 2019

Computer network administrators are often interested in the maximal bandwidth that can be achieved between two nodes in the network, or how many edges can fail before the network gets disconnected. Classic maximum flow algorithms that solve these problems are well-known. However, in practice, network policies are in effect, severely restricting the flow that can actually be set up. These policies are put into place to conform to service level agreements and optimize network throughput, and can have a large impact on the actual routing of the flows. In this work, we model the problem and define a series of progressively more complex conditions and algorithms that calculate increasingly tighter bounds on the policy-compliant maximum flow using regular expressions and finite state automata. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that specific conditions are deduced, which characterize how to calculate policy-compliant maximum flows using classic algorithms on an unmodified network.
A Software Framework for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network Towards Environmental Monitoring
Authors: Huang Qian , Rodriguez Kane
Published: March 2019

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is typically composed of spatially distributed miniature sensors that help collect large amounts of real-time environmental data from buildings. These environmental data (e.g., temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration) can assist a series of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) equipment to increase the building energy efficiency. From a system design perspective, heterogeneous wireless sensor networks need to address two challenges. First, sensor data acquisition, conversion, fusion, and packaging involve a series of software processing. Since each type of environmental sensor typically has unique processing requirements, it is difficult to develop an efficient software framework to combine the processing of multiple heterogeneous sensors. Second, during normal operation of a heterogeneous wireless sensor network, if users insert or remove some environmental sensors, the entire WSN system should operate normally. In this work, in order to solve the above two system design challenges, we have developed a low-power, low-cost, small form-factor WSN development platform, and its software framework can perform efficient data acquisition, conversion, fusion, and packaging for multiple heterogeneous sensors. Our proposed software framework enables easy and rapid WSN system deployment without affecting the overall functionality of each node. The proposed design differs from existing WSN platforms in that it emphasizes advanced high-level usability and reduces time to market without sacrificing low-level features. The proposed WSN system has been implemented and tested in an office building for indoor fire hazard detection. The experimental results show that our software framework can successfully complete data acquisition, conversion, fusion, and packaging tasks for three heterogeneous environmental sensors. In addition, we have verified that our software framework supports robust system operation when inserting or removing sensors from an existing heterogeneous WSN system.
Packing Characteristics of Aggregate with Consideration of Particle size and Morphology
Authors: Miao Yinghao , Liu Xin , Hou Yue , Li Juan , Wu Jiaqi , Wang Linbing
Published: March 2019

The packing characteristics of aggregates are very important for aggregate blend design, which is closely related to the performance of mixtures. In this study, an indoor packing experiment was designed to investigate the behaviors of single-size particle packing and two-size particle packing. The effects of particle composition, particle size and size ratio, particle morphology on packing characteristics were also evaluated. Two kinds of aggregates (crushed stone and gravel) with significant morphological differences were selected for the test. The angularity of the aggregates was quantitatively analyzed using the variance of mean curvature ( S C m 2 ) of particle surface in accordance with the 3-D scanning measurements. Based on the test results, the packing characteristics of aggregates were analyzed using the air void content (Va) and the packing function index (Ipf) proposed in this paper. It is shown that the analysis results of packed ideal spheres cannot be directly used to describe the packing characteristics of aggregates. Particle morphology has a significant impact on packing characteristics, especially on the Va. The Va of packed aggregates with poor angularity is significantly smaller than that with good angularity. Ipf can be used to quantitatively distinguish the packing function of particles. The test results show that the packing function of particles cannot be simply divided into the skeleton building and air voids filling. Generally, the particles in packed blend have both of these functions. The packing function of particles depends not only on the particle size, but also on the composition of particles with different size. When the size ratio and volume ratio are the same, the packing characteristics of the two-size particle blends will still change with the change of the particle size. The exploration of packing behaviors of single- size and two- size particle aggregates is helpful for analyzing the packing behaviors of blends with multi-size particles.
A Study on the Application of Rock Asphalt from Sichuan China Based on Anti-Rutting Performance
Authors: Li Limin , He Zhaoyi , Liu Weidong , Hu Cheng
Published: March 2019

To solve the early rutting failure of asphalt pavement, the application of rock asphalt from Sichuan, China, based on anti-rutting performance, was studied. Preparations of North Sichuan rock asphalt (NS RA) and NS RA-modified asphalt mixture were elaborated in detail. Using Zhonghai AH-70 asphalt, Esso AH-70 asphalt, North American rock asphalt (NA RA) and NS RA, the performances of NS RA modified asphalt were researched based on index tests, Brookfield rotary viscosity test and bending beam rheometer test. A performance verification of NS RA-modified asphalt was carried out using rutting calculation, the rutting, indirect tensile fatigue, freeze–thaw split and small beam bending tests based on five kinds of selected gradations. The results indicated that in comparison with NA RA, the NS RA has a good modification effect as well. The NS RA can obviously improve the anti-rutting ability of the asphalt binder, and it can enhance its anti-aging performance as well. For the NS RA-modified asphalt mixture, it is feasible to determine the optimum NS RA content, based on its anti-rutting performance, and its optimum NS RA content is about 8%. The dynamic stability values of NS RA-modified asphalt mixtures are at least 3-fold higher than those of the base asphalt mixtures, and they are all far greater than the summer hot area requirement (no less than 2800 times/mm). NS RA-modified asphalt mixtures used in the middle course of asphalt pavement can obviously improve the anti-rutting performance of the pavement, and to enhance the anti-rutting ability of pavements, it should be used in the middle course of the pavement. The fatigue life values of NS RA-modified asphalt mixtures are at least 14.5-fold higher than those of the base asphalt mixtures. The freeze–thaw splitting strength ratio values of NS RA-modified asphalt mixtures are improved by at least 9.5% over the base asphalt mixtures, and their freeze–thaw splitting strength ratio values are all greater than the requirement (no less than 75%). In comparison with the base asphalt, the low temperature performances of NS RA-modified asphalt and its mixtures slightly decline, but they can meet the requirements for the zones with a minimum temperature of no less than –21.5 °C too. Therefore, except for the extremely low temperature area, it is an effective method for solving the rutting problem of pavement for using NS RA-modified asphalt.