bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimalisasi Keterlibatan Keluarga Pada Perawatan Pasien Dengan Penyakit Paru Di Desa Kembang Kuning Kecamatan Narmada Lombok Barat
Authors: Yuriasti Eni , Kurniasih Wahyu , Syamsidar Syamsidar , Wahyuni Nining , Sriwardani Endang , Kuntarini Ni Putu Ari , Susanto Tantut
Published: January 2025

Paparan pestisida tidak hanya meningkatkan risiko penyakit paru, tetapi juga berpotensi memperburuk kondisi kesehatan pasien yang sudah menderita penyakit paru sebelumnya. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk Mengedukasi keluarga pasien tentang cara merawat pasien dengan penyakit paru dengan prinsip agronursing. Proses pengabdian meliputi Edukasi kepada keluarga tentang cara perawatan pasien penyakit paru, pengenalan dan penerapan penggunaan tanaman obat dalam perawatan pasien, pemberian pola makan sehat berbasis agronursing kepada keluarga, pendampingan berkelanjutan oleh perawat atau tenaga kesehatan dalam mendukung fungsi keluarga dengan melakukan edukasi dengan  menggunakan media dan alat bantu : leaflet dan bibit tanaman obat. Berdasarkan hasil sosialisasi dan home visit yang telah dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa keluarga pasien petani menunjukkan kesiapan dan antusiasme untuk menerima pendidikan dan perubahan dalam gaya hidup mereka. Edukasi tentang dampak paparan pestisida dan pentingnya agronursing memberikan dampak positif, meskipun implementasi nyata, seperti berkebun dan penggunaan tanaman obat, masih perlu pendampingan lebih lanjut. Edukasi tentang manfaat tanaman obat yang dapat digunakan untuk mengelola penyakit paru menjadi bagian penting dalam proyek ini. Tanaman seperti jahe, temulawak, dan kumis kucing, yang memiliki sifat anti-inflamasi dan mendukung kesehatan pernapasan, dapat menjadi alternatif pengobatan yang aman dan efektif, khususnya bagi pasien yang terpapar pestisida atau bahan kimia berbahaya lainnya. Dengan menanam dan memanfaatkan tanaman ini, keluarga pasien dapat turut serta dalam merawat kesehatan paru pasien secara alami. Secara keseluruhan, proyek ini dapat memberikan manfaat praktis yang besar, baik bagi keluarga pasien maupun pasien itu sendiri. Melalui pendidikan dan pemberdayaan keluarga dengan pengetahuan tentang agronursing, diharapkan dapat tercipta perawatan yang lebih holistik dan menyeluruh yang melibatkan aspek fisik, emosional, serta spiritual pasien dalam mendukung proses penyembuhan penyakit paru.
Bulky phosphine ligands promote palladium-catalyzed protodeboronation
Authors: Ser Cher Tian , Hao Han , Pablo-García Sergio , Jorner Kjell , Li Shangyu , Pollice Robert , Aspuru-Guzik Alán
Published: January 2025

The Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction is plagued by protodeboronation, an undesirable side reaction with water that consumes the boronic acid derivatives required for the cross-coupling reaction. Meticulous mechanistic studies have previously established protodeboronation to be highly sensitive to the nature of the boronic reagent and reaction conditions. Particularly, the presence of bases, which are essential for the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling, is known to catalyze protodeboronation. However, protodeboronation catalyzed by palladium-phosphine complexes, the benchmark catalyst system for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling, has been largely overlooked. We demonstrate, using automated high-throughput experimentation, comprehensive computational mechanistic analyses and kinetic modeling, that protodeboronation is accelerated by palladium(II) complexes bound to bulky phosphine ligands. While sterically hindered ligands are typically used to facilitate difficult cross-couplings, these ligands can instead paradoxically impede cross-coupling product formation, requiring careful and judicious consideration when choosing ligands for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-couplings.
Glycan Mixture Analysis by Kernel Component Composition for Matrix Factorization
Authors: Hong Pengyu , Xia Chaoshuang , Tang Yang , Wei Juan , Lin Cheng
Published: January 2025

A major challenge in structural glycomics is the presence of isomeric glycan structures, which may not be fully resolved by separation techniques such as liquid chromatography (LC) and ion mobility spectrometry (IMS). Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) can be employed following on-line separation to distinguish unresolved features, as the temporal profiles of various fragment ions reflect different combinations of those from their respective precursor ions. However, traditional principal component analysis can produce negative signals that are unrealistic for real data, and classic non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) methods may result in factors that include contributions from multiple components. This paper introduces a new variation of NMF, termed kernel component composition (KCC), which enables users to impose domain-specific prior knowledge about the components as parametric kernels. These kernel parameters are then learned directly from the data. We developed a theoretically guaranteed algorithm based on proximal gradient descent to solve the optimization problem posed by KCC and derived detailed parameter update rules when using Gaussian kernels. The effectiveness of the KCC algorithm is demonstrated through simulation tests and its application to deconvoluting chemical datasets, including LC- and IM-MS/MS analysis of isomeric glycan mixtures.
aweSOM: a GNN-based Site-of-Metabolism Predictor with Aleatoric and Epistemic Uncertainty Estimation
Authors: Jacob Roxane Axel , Wieder Oliver , Chen Ya , Mazzolari Angelica , Bergner Andreas , Schleifer Klaus-Juergen , Kirchmair Johannes
Published: January 2025

Accurate determination of the metabolic fate of xenobiotics is essential for ensuring their safety and efficacy. While in vivo and in vitro methods remain the gold standard for assessing metabolic properties, they are both costly and time-consuming. In silico metabolism prediction models offer complementary solutions to tackle the challenging task of improving a compound's metabolic stability without compromising its desired biological activity. This paper introduces aweSOM, a novel graph neural network (GNN)-based site-of-metabolism (SOM) predictor for phase 1 and 2 metabolic reactions. aweSOM leverages deep ensemble learning to decompose the total predictive uncertainty into its aleatoric and epistemic components. Through a detailed analysis of experimental results and case studies, we show how these uncertainty estimates enhance prediction reliability, provide valuable insights to guide future model improvements and data expansion strategies, and help to improve the efficiency of experimental metabolic characterization for novel compounds.
Levodopa Sensing with a Nanosensor Array and a Low-Cost Near Infrared Readout
Authors: Stegemann Jan , Augustin Matthias Niklas , Ackermann Julia , Fizzi Nour el Houda , Neutsch Krisztian , Gregor Markus , Herbertz Svenja , Kruss Sebastian
Published: January 2025

Near infrared (NIR) signals are beneficial for biomedical applications due to reduced light absorption, scattering, and autofluorescence in this range, which promises higher signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) fluoresce in the NIR (800 nm – 1700 nm) and serve as building blocks for biosensors. To quantify the benefits of NIR fluorescence biosensing, we simulate the SNR considering wavelength-dependent scattering/absorption, autofluorescence, dark currents, and excitation background. We also compare Si and InGaAs PIN phototdiodes (pn diode with an additional intrinsic layer) as detectors for the NIR region. The simulation shows that the SNR of fluorophores in the NIR is higher but InGaAs detectors are outperformed by Si detectors in the short NIR (< 1050 nm). This was also validated in experiments with (6,5)-SWCNTs (emission 990 nm), showing a 1.2-fold higher SNR for Si PIN photodiodes. Next, SWCNTs were chemically modified to create sensor arrays/barcodes that detect levodopa. Monitoring levodopa blood levels is a crucial step for personalized Parkinson's disease treatment. We then combine nanosensors and detectors to engineer a portable lowcost fluorescence reader that scans (6,5)-SWCNT sensor barcodes. It detects levodopa at relevant concentrations (10 μM) in human blood serum. Thus, we combine NIR fluorescent sensors with high SNR and low-cost Si detectors to make use of beneficial NIR signals, which opens opportunities for point-of-care applications.
Assessing Structure and Dynamics of Iron Complexes Supported by Tris(amidate)amine Ligands
Authors: Huffman Lucy , Seshadri Anjana , Hastings Christopher , Brennessel William , Franco Ignacio , Barnett Brandon
Published: January 2025

Chelating ligand platforms derived from tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (TREN) can facilitate low coordination numbers and provide opportunities to tune the steric and electronic profile of the secondary coordination sphere. Herein, we examine the ability of two related tris(amidate)amine ligands to stabilize low-coordinate complexes of trivalent iron, and further use molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to gain insight into the dynamics of both the primary and secondary coordination spheres. Our cavitand-inspired ligand allows for the isolation of four-coordinate FeLOCH2O via oxidation of the anionic ferrous precursor, yielding the first crystallographically characterized example of an iron(III) species in a trigonal monopyramidal geometry. While this discovery is enabled by the rigid macrocycle in the secondary coordination sphere, MD simulations suggest that this macrocycle negligibly alters dynamics in the primary coordination sphere, and suggests a route by which exogenous ligands may bypass the rigid cavity opening yet still access the intracavity coordination site in [MLOCH2O]n complexes.
Evaluation of the effect of placental and spleen cryoextracts, and conditioned medium of mesenchymal stem cells, on thyroid hormone synthesis in experimental autoimmune thyroiditis
Authors: Hladkykh F.V. , Liadova T.I.
Published: January 2025

Background. Thyroid diseases (TD) are the most common endocrine disorders, affecting more than 10% of the adult population. The most prevalent forms of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) are Graves disease and Hashimotos thyroiditis. The standard treatment for hypothyroidism involves restoring thyroid hormone levels to normalize their concentration in tissues. Our attention was drawn to the study of the efficacy of biotechnology drugs that do not contain cells subjected to low-temperature treatment during their production or prolonged storage.

Purpose. The aim of the study was to characterize the impact of placental cryoextract (CEP), spleen cryoextract (CES), and conditioned medium of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-CM), on thyroid hormone synthesis in experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT).

Materials and Methods. AIT was modeled by injecting rats with a thyroid antigenic mixture consisting of Freunds complete adjuvant and an antigen solution derived from the homogenate of allogeneic thyroid tissue in a 1:1 ratio. The study was conducted on 42 male rats weighing 200–220 g, randomly assigned to 6 groups. The levels of T3 and T4 were determined on day 28 of the experiment using an enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) method with standard ELISA kits.

Results. The study of the impact of L-thyroxine, CEP, CES, and MSC-CM on thyroid hormone levels in rats with AIT showed significant changes in T3 and T4 levels in serum. It was found that in the AIT group, there was a statistically significant (p<0.001) increase in total T3 levels by 72.0% compared to the intact rats. After treatment, different drugs showed varying levels of effect on the hormonal profile. L-thyroxine effectively normalized the levels of free T3 and T4, reducing them by 30.3% (p<0.001) and 30.8% (p<0.001), respectively. The introduction of CEP, CES, and MSC-CM contributed to a reduction in hormone levels to varying degrees.

Conclusions. The development of AIT in rats causes disturbances in thyroid hormone metabolism, manifesting as an increase in total and free T3 and T4 levels. All studied biological preparations led to a more pronounced normalization of total T3 levels than L-thyroxine. The highest reduction in total T4 levels occurred with the introduction of CEP, while the greatest reduction in free T4 levels occurred with the administration of MSC-CM.
UM ESTUDO SOBRE AS FONTES DE ATITUDES EM RELAÇÃO À GEOMETRIA
Authors: Moraco Ana Sheila do Couto Trindade , Pirola Nelson Antonio , Marques Júnior Euro
Published: January 2025

A Psicologia da Educação Matemática, campo teórico desta pesquisa, é uma área interdisciplinar que tem como objetivo o estudo dos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem da Matemática sob a ótica dos aspectos cognitivos e afetivos. Entre os aspectos afetivos, destacamos as atitudes que possem forte influências sobre a aprendizagem dos estudantes. Esta pesquisa teve como principal objetivo investigar as fontes de atitudes de alunos do Ensino Médio em relação à Geometria. Participaram do estudo um total de 201 estudantes de uma escola técnica de uma cidade do interior de São Paulo, que responderam a uma escala de fonte de atitudes em relação à Geometria (EF), elaborada e validada para esse estudo. A análise estatística indicou uma boa confiabilidade da escala (Alfa de Cronbach igual a 0,744). As fontes de atitudes investigadas foram: experiências diretas, experiências vicárias, persuasão social/verbal e materiais didáticos. O delineamento metodológico pautou-se na pesquisa exploratória. A análise dos dados mostrou, de forma geral, que as fontes que mais interferem no desenvolvimento das atitudes foram as experiências diretas e o uso de diferentes recursos didáticos pelo professor. Quanto às outras fontes, a persuasão social/verbal, os resultados mostraram que as pessoas que estão mais próximas dos participantes da pesquisa, como os amigos, professores e pais, exercem mais influências do que as pessoas que não possuem vínculos com os alunos, no desenvolvimento das atitudes em relação à Geometria. As experiências vicárias tiveram pouca influência nas atitudes, quando comparada às outras fontes.
ASSESSMENT OF ECOLOGICAL SAFETY OF PLANT RAW MATERIALS OF CULTIVATED MEDICINAL PLANT SPECIES IN THE FOOTHILL ZONE OF ZAILIYSKY ALATAU
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Permitina Valeria , Yerekeyeva Svetlana , Sitpayeva Gulnara , Gemejiyeva Nadezhda
Published: January 2025

In the field of plant biodiversity conservation, the primary task is to create collections of living plants that ensure the preservation of the gene pool and serve as a scientific basis for conducting comprehen-sive experimental research. The ecological conditions of the cultivated medicinal plant plot of the Main Botanical Garden (Almaty), located in the steppe zone of the Zailiysky Alatau range within the North Tien Shan Mountain province, can indirectly influence the processes of organogenesis and the chemical composition of plants through the pollution of the atmosphere, soil, and water. One manifestation of anthropogenic impacts on plants is the presence of heavy metals in them, especially lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg). Therefore, the issue of the ecological purity of medicinal plants is relevant, necessitating research to determine the content of heavy metals in the soil and plant raw materials. Soil and plant raw material samples were analyzed using generally accepted methods for chemical analysis of soils and plant raw materials. The article provides data on the morphogenetic properties of cultivated soils and plant raw materials of six cultivated medicinal plant species from the Lamiaceae family: Bet-onica betoniciflora, Leonurus turkestanicus, Salvia deserta, Mentha longifolia, Thymus marschallianus,Ziziphora clinopodioides regarding the content of toxic (Pb, Cd) and mineral (Zn, Cu) elements. It was found that the concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu) in the soils of the plot are within the maximum permissible concentrations (MPC), and in the studied samples of plant raw materials do not exceed the MPC for food plants and plant-based biologically active supplements
Brief overview of the micro-nanoplastic pollution problem in wastewater and surface waters of Kazakhstan
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Satayeva Aliya , Kamal Arailym , Kim Jong , Arkhangelsky Yelizaveta , Tastambek Kuanysh , Tauanov Zhandos , Akimbekov Nuraly
Published: January 2025

This study presents an analytical review of the micro/nanoplastic pollution problem in the wastewater and surface waters of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The review of published scientific works shows that analyzing micro- and nanoplastics (MNP) in the task due to their ubiquitous presence in natural habitats. This raises concerns because of their direct toxicological impact and their potential to carry hazardous pollutants and pathogens, thereby posing risks to human health and ecosystem integrity. MNPs have been detected in drinking water treatment processes, as well as in wastewater and surface waters in various regions of Kazakhstan. According to the studied data, there is a seasonal dynamic in the concentration of microplastics in water and bottom sediments, as well as in the wastewater of Astana city. It has been established that the predominant types of MNPs in surface waters are fibers, films, and granules, while polyethylene is prevalent in wastewater.

Overall, the analysis of the current state of Kazakhstan’s environment in terms of micro/nanoplastic pollution indicates that such pollution exists and warrants close attention from scientists and environmental monitoring services.
FLORA OF THE АIYRTAU DISTRICT OF THE NORTH KAZAKHSTAN REGION: SPECIES COMPOSITION, LIFE FORMS AND ECOLOGICAL GROUPS OF PLANTS
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Durmekbayeva Shynar , Nurgali Assel , Babenko Olga , Kyzdarbekova Gulmira , Onerkhan Gulzhaina
Published: January 2025

The plants occurring in the flora of the Aiyrtau district of the North Kazakhstan region were selected as the object of research. During the study, it was found that the flora of the Aiyrtau district of the North Kazakhstan region consists of 80 plant species belonging to 22 genera and 60 families. Families, such as Asteraceae Bercht., Amaranthaceae Juss., Fabaceae Lindl., Plantaginaceae Juss., and Poaceae Barnhart., prevailed according to the number of species. Ecological analysis of plants has shown that mesophytes, mesoxerophytes, and hygromesophytes predominate. The classification of plant species by life forms revealed semi-shrubs – 2 species, perennial herbaceous plants – 53 species, annual herbaceous plants – 20 species, and biennial herbaceous plants – 5 species. According to C. Raunkiaer’s classification, the following groups of plants were identified: hemicryptophytes (50 species; 62.5%), therophytes (11 species; 13.75%), cryptophytes (16 species; 20%), chamaephytes (1 species; 1.25%) and nanophanero-phytes (2 species; 2.5%). The results of the research work allow for supplementing the data on the flora of the North Kazakhstan region, specifically the Aiyrtau district.
SOME FEATURES OF LEGAL REGULATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: FOREIGN AND NATIONAL EXPERIENCE
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Galiakbarova G.G.
Published: January 2025

This paper is research devoted to the study of approaches to the legal regulation of the field of artificial intelligence both in Kazakhstan and in some foreign countries that succeed in this matter. The paper also provides a structured understanding of the prospects for the governance of artificial intelligence in Kazakhstan, as well as recommendations for the use of modern international standards and practices. Special attention is paid to the experience of the United States, the European Union, China, and Russia. Based on the results of critical analysis of foreign experience, several measures have been proposed, including the definition of the concept of artificial intelligence and the status of “new” subjects of law at the legislative level. At the same time, the paper notes that the artificial intelligence legal provisions at the level of a codified act does not require haste and needs detailed elaboration. This approach will ensure clarity and efficiency of regulation, as well as the necessary flexibility for such a rapidly developing area of social relations. The aim of this study is to determine the place of artificial intelligence, and possible areas of its application, and to consider the main problems.
Methods: analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, comparative legal. The conducted research is of potential value for domestic legislators, lawyers, human rights activists, students, and anyone interested in the legal regulation of artificial intelligence.
ON THE CONCEPT OF IMPROVEMENT OF TAX LEGISLATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Rakhmetova T.A. , Aldabergenova N.A. , Kuanaliyeva G.A. , Konysbai B.M. , Juchnevicius E.E.
Published: January 2025

The relevance of this study is conditioned by the need to revise the strategy of financial support for the development of the state, especially in the context of improving the tax legislation. The purpose of this study was to examine and analyse the problematic aspects of the tax system in Kazakhstan to identify promising ways to improve it, considering international practices, specifically of Poland. The methods of statistical analysis, analogy, and generalisation, as well as formal legal and formal logical approaches were used in the study. The study covered the features of the evolution of the legal formation of the tax system in Kazakhstan, as well as the problems inherent in the current stage of its functioning. It was emphasised that the formation of the institutional structure of the tax system of the state is inextricably linked with the choice of tax policy guidelines and its subsequent implementation. It was argued that a well-organised and efficient tax system is characterised by its ability to adapt to variable environmental conditions and factors. This requires regular assessment of the functioning of the tax system and comparing it with analogous systems in other countries. Particular attention was directed towards the comparative legal analysis of the tax system of Kazakhstan with other countries – Poland. As a result, promising ways to improve the tax system of Kazakhstan were highlighted. The study also analysed the existing opinions and concepts of scholars on the subject. The investigation of different opinions helped to comprehend the complexity of this phenomenon and possible solutions for the improvement of the tax system of Kazakhstan in modern realities. The results of this study may be valuable for the development of effective methodologies for the detection of offences in this area. Furthermore, they may serve as a basis for recommendations and amendments to the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
The fundamental anthropology of Rene Girard and the «concept of sacrifice» in M.Auezov’s novel «The way of Abai»
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Sarkulova Manifa , Manassova Mira , Sarkulova Galiya , Shamakhai Saira
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the analysis of the ideas of the French-American philosopher, anthropologist, researcher in the field of problems of social philosophy, the creator of a fundamentally new theoretical approach, the so-called "fundamental anthropology", explaining the genesis and functions of traditional cultural institutions, Rene Girard. The universality of his theory lies in the fact that it can be applied by researchers in a wide variety of fields of science. Rene Girard offers a new look at the phenomenon of sacrifice, which played a significant role in archaic traditional cultures and accompanied all significant events of social and individual life. Unlike other anthropologists who considered sacrifice in archaic societies as a ritual designed primarily to appease deities, Girard considers this rite as underlying the genesis and structure of all myths and even the entire culture. Girard's thoughts on the relationship between culture and violence, the consideration of sacrifice as a fundamental ritual in the history of mankind can be reactalized in relation to Kazakh literary literature, in particular to the work of M. Auezov "The Way of Abai". In the novel by the Kazakh prose writer, dedicated to the description of the patriarchal-feudal Kazakh society, mytho-ritual structures and schemes, sacrificial practices and formulas play an important role, which can be traced throughout the novel chronotope. The mythologeme of sacrifice is embodied, in particular, in the scene of the collective execution of Kodar and Kamka. The philosophical and anthropological concept of Rene Girard makes it possible to identify the social significance of the ritual of sacrifice and the moral and ethical attitude towards the victim on the part of this society
SEMIOTIC CONCEPTS OF CULTURE AND CINEMA LANGUAGE
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Tasbolatuly Alimzhan , Ismagambetova Zukhra , Hejazi Sara
Published: January 2025

In this article, the authors consider one of the little-studied but pressing problems in the philosophy of culture. The purpose of this article is to study the problem of film language in the context of semiotic cultural studies. The novelty of this article topic lies in the fact that the authors analyze the place and role of signs in the formation of the language of cinema in the context of semiotic research. The theoretical and methodological basis for the study of this problem is the work of foreign, Russian, and Kazakh sci-entists. In the study of this problem, the authors also relied on semiotic research and also tried to apply the constructivist paradigm. While writing the article, the authors used semiotic, the method of cultural analysis and cultural-relativism, as well as such general scientific methods as analysis and generalization. This study was based on the methods of historical and cultural approach. We thought that these methods would reveal our scientific article well. As a result, the work of the director, screenwriter, sound director, and finally the game, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, the audience, construct the events taking place in the cinema and are closely associated with the world that is associated with his internal expecta-tions, experiences, which they recreate in itself and with the world that is recreated and constructed in a certain representation of the film’s characters, and is also closely intertwined with those representations and the fictional reality created by the work of filmmakers. Every component of a film, from cultural code, sound design and acting to narrative structure and visual imagery, contributes to a semiotic fabric that reflects and refracts the complexity of human society
Proximate and mineral analysis of the mushroom biscuits
Authors: Chaudhry Gul-e-Saba , Matin A. , Hasan M.Z. , Mim Z.T. , Badsha M.R. , Yeong Y.S. , Sifzizul T.M.T.
Published: January 2025

Mushroom is a rich source of nutrients and is widely consumed in Asian countries.
Biscuits can be easily fortified with mushroom-rich flour to provide convenient foods to
supplement protein in the diet. The research study evaluated the proximate and mineral
analysis of the most widely used mushroom cultivated in Chattogram and developed
mushroom biscuits. The mushroom varieties (Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus sajor-caju,
Agaricus bitorquis, and Ganoderma lucidum) were collected and dried, then taken to the
laboratory for proximate and mineral analysis by following standard assay methods.
Results demonstrated that the moisture, total solids, protein, fat, carbohydrate, fibre, ash,
and energy content of different types of mushrooms ranged from 53.10 to 90.10%, 9.90 to
47.00%, 3.23 to 19.70%, 0.47 to 4.20%, 4.21 to13.02%, 0.51 to 3.90%, 1.28 to 6.18 and
34.78 to 172.37 (kcal/100 g), respectively. The highest sodium, phosphorus, and copper
content value was found in Agaricus bitorquis. Magnesium content was found to be the
highest in Pleurotus ostreatus. Potassium, calcium, chloride, iron, and zinc were the most
elevated in Ganoderma lucidum. In mushroom biscuits, the moisture, ash, protein, fat,
fibre, carbohydrate, and energy value ranged from 4.03 to 3.89%, 3.47 to 4.11%, 12.15 to
13.43%, 5.43 to 5.83%, 4.71 to 5.09%, 67.03 to 70.35% and 374.15 to 378.87 (Kcal/100
g), respectively. From the sensory and microbiological point of view, mushroom biscuits
exhibited significant acceptability and stability. Mushrooms and mushroom-based
products are valuable food sources for human needs, able to meet day-to-day nutritional
requirements as a portion of food and help the country's economy
A perspective on anti-inflammatory properties of Cleome gynandra
Authors: Mohamad Rosdi M.N. , Awang M.A. , Abu Bakar M.H.
Published: January 2025

Cleome gynandra L. is a widely consumed leafy vegetable. This plant is grown as a weed
and widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions such as Africa, South Asia, and
Southeast Asia. In Malaysia, this plant is known as 'maman' and is commonly consumed
in stew and pickles. Cleome gynandra contains various natural bioactive including
flavonol, glycoside, flavonoids, essential oils, bicyclic diterpenes, triterpenoids,
coumarinolignoids and dipyridodiazepinone substances that have nutritional values and
health-promoting characteristics. Numerous investigations have shown this plant exhibited
significant pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anticancer, anti-arthritic,
antiparasitic, antimalarial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory. Various reports showed that
the C. gynandra extracts significantly reduced paw edema in adjuvant arthritis-induced
rats. Nonetheless, a comprehensive review investigating the anti-inflammatory attributes
of this plant has not yet been conducted. This paper aimed to explore the antiinflammatory activities of C. gynandra and its potential mechanism of action.
Teacher and student psychological contract: a review of research
Authors: Gagarina M. A.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The article presents a theoretical analysis of the relationships that develop between participants in the educational process. The main idea is that teaching and upbringing are neither a one-sided, purposeful influence of a teacher on a student, nor the provision of educational services by a teacher to a student, but are a process that involves the active participation of both parties. The purpose of the article is to analyze the emerging exchange relations that develop between a teacher and a student. The object of study in this article is the psychological contract between teacher and student. The subject of the study is the content of representations about mutual expectations and obligations of university teachers and students.

Materials and Methods. The article is a theoretical study of the social exchange relationship between teacher and student. The theory of social exchange and the theory of psychological contract are used as a methodological basis. The research base is domestic and foreign publications placed in the RSCI, Science Direct, Willey databases.

Results. Relations between participants in the educational process can be considered from the perspective of the theory of social exchange. At the heart of the relationship between participants in the educational process is a psychological contract, including mutual expectations and obligations. The parties to the psychological contract in the context of the educational process can be a student – teacher – non-teaching employee – university. The content of the teacher-student psychological contract differs from the content of the employee-employer psychological contract, although the structural elements of the contract themselves may be the same. The psychological contract between participants in the educational process involves the exchange of different resources.

Discussion and Conclusions. The contribution of the research to the theory of social exchange, the theory of psychological contracts and resource theory is presented.
Russian conservative philosophy of the second half of the XIX century on the essence of terrorism
Authors: Parilov O. V.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the views of domestic conservative philosophers of the second half of the 19th century on the essence of terrorism. The purpose of the article is to extrapolate these views onto the current situation in Russia, characterized by the intensification of terrorism and extremism.

Materials and Methods. The material of the article is the writings of Russian conservative authors of the second half of the 19th century, modern scientific research on the problems of domestic conservatism and the formation of Russian self-awareness, liberalism and its connection with nihilism, terrorism; works exploring the essence of terrorism. The author relied on a civilizational approach combined with a dialectical one, on methods: hermeneutic, analytical, synthetic, generalizations, reconstruction of philosophical views, comparative historical.

Results. In the course of the work, the identity of the social factors that determined the surge in terrorism in Russia in the last third of the 19th century and at the present time was established. The deep, timeless ontological and anthropological foundations of terrorism are revealed: the discrediting of being and the devaluation of man due to the secularization of the New Age. The metaphysical, irrational essence of terrorism, established by conservative philosophers, is still relevant today. The typological portraits of representatives of various variations of terrorism identified by conservative authors are also topical; the connection between groundless ultra-liberalism and nihilism and terrorism.

Discussion and Conclusions. The author managed to update the views of Russian conservative thinkers of the second half of the 19th century on the essence of nihilism and terrorism. And today, the measures to counter terrorism identified by these thinkers are of great importance: negative (fight and prevention) and positive (unity and spiritual improvement of society, educating young people in the spirit of traditional values and patriotism).
Vestibular Rehabilitation Considerations for Chemotherapy-Induced Vestibulotoxicity: A Clinical Perspective
Authors: Galindo Tabitha
Published: January 2025

This clinical perspective aims to review the concept of vestibulotoxicity and share ideas to advance
rehabilitation practices during the screening and management of chemotherapy-induced vestibular dysfunction.
Social interactions in the digital environment: sociolinguistic approach
Authors: Goncharova O. V. , Lipatova A. V. , Napreenko G. V.
Published: January 2025

The article reveals the methodological application of sociolinguistic approach in the process of researching the relationship between lexical markers and social interactions in the digital environment. Social interaction in virtual space is investigated through the identification of mechanisms of social field construction through the symbolic nature of the text. As a method, a social network analysis is proposed, which relies on graph theory and visualisation of nodes and edges (‘nodes’) and links (‘links’) with certain types of relationships. The technology of building a corpus of key words and phrases is described, on the basis of which the structure is formed, clusters and the most significant lexical units reflecting the main discourses, themes and frames are singled out. The application of the network analysis method in the empirical field can reveal the mechanisms of interaction between different social groups.
Historical Science and Narratives in the Postmodern Era
Authors: Tavobelov D. R.
Published: January 2025

The article examines the new implications of postmodernity for historical science. It considers how the postmodern approach to historical research, shaped by the historian's perspective and language, alters the nature of scientific reality. It also explores the relationship between truth and historical knowledge, and the ways in which historical works interact with literary works.
Welfare of horses during killing for purposes other than slaughter
Authors:   EFSA AHAW Panel (EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare), Nielsen Søren Saxmose , Alvarez Julio , Boklund Anette , Dippel Sabine , Dorea Fernanda , Figuerola Jordi , Herskin Mette , Miranda Chueca Miguel Angel , Nannoni Eleonora , Nonno Romolo , Riber Anja , Stahl Karl , Stegeman Jan Arend , Thulke Hans‐Hermann , Tuyttens Frank , Winckler Christoph , Raj Mohan , Velarde Antonio , Candiani Denise , Van der Stede Yves , Michel Virginie
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Horses of different ages may have to be killed on‐farm for purposes other than slaughter (where slaughter is defined as killing for human consumption) either individually (i.e. on‐farm killing of unproductive, injured or terminally ill animals) or on a large‐scale (i.e. depopulation for disease control purposes and other situations, such as environmental contamination, disaster management, etc.). The purpose of this opinion is to assess the hazards and welfare consequences associated with the on‐farm killing of horses. The killing procedure is divided into Phase 1 (pre‐killing), which includes the processes (i) handling and moving the animals to the killing place and (ii) restraint of the animals before application of the killing method; and Phase 2 (stunning and/or killing), which includes stunning and killing of the animals (for methods that require one step for stunning and another for subsequent killing) or killing only (for methods that simultaneously stun and kill the animals). Three stunning and/or killing methods for Phase 2 for horses were identified: (i) penetrative captive bolt followed by killing, (ii) firearms with free projectiles and (iii) lethal injection. Welfare consequences that horses may experience during each process (e.g. handling stress, restriction of movement and injuries during restraint) were identified and potential hazards are listed for all phases, along with preventive and corrective measures. Animal‐based measures (ABMs) to assess all identified welfare consequences were proposed. During the application of the stunning and/or killing methods, horses will experience pain and fear if they are ineffectively stunned/killed or if they recover consciousness. A flowchart including ABMs for the assessment of consciousness and death to monitor stunning and killing effectiveness is provided. Additionally, specific practices deemed unacceptable on welfare grounds are listed.
Role of Virtual Surgical Planning in Pan Facial Trauma Reconstruction
Authors: Datta Deep , Chandran Pratap
Published: January 2025

With the aim of enhancing speed and accuracy for intricate surgical procedures, craniomaxillofacial surgeons have just begun using virtual surgical planning (VSP). Among its several uses, VSP has the potential to cure orbital fractures and other craniofacial abnormalities that might be either present at birth or developed over time. By illuminating the interplay between bone and neurovascular components, VSP helps the surgeon make sense of the craniofacial region's intricate anatomy. In this particular example, the patient suffered from pan facial trauma and had several facial bone fractures. In order to prepare for the operation, the surgeon used an AM medical model to customize the micro plates. In order to improve the results of complicated procedures, this article also discusses the significance of AM medical models.
बॉयल मिलों का सामाजिक आर्थिक व पर्यावरणीय प्रभाव
Authors: अशोक चौधरी
Published: January 2025

किसी भी क्षेत्र में तेज आर्थिक विकास, नई नौकरियों के सृजन, निवासियों के लिए संसाधनों और सेवाओं तक पहुँच के लिए उद्योग अत्यंत आवश्यक है। कुल मिलाकर उद्योगों का व्यापक सामाजिक-आर्थिक प्रभाव पड़ता है। साथ ही पर्यावरणीय प्रभाव भी होता है। मनुष्य भी इन उद्योगों की मार से अछूता नहीं रहा है। इस शोध पत्र में अजमेर जिले के बॉयल मिल उद्योग के सामाजिक-आर्थिक, पर्यावरणीय और स्वास्थ्य सम्बंधी प्रभावों का विश्लेषण किया गया है।
Investigated the Psychological and Sociological aspects of a hospital emergency room staff's work environment
Authors: Abdullah Matar Ksar Alanazi  , Talal Mnazel Alanazi  , Ali Mohsen Alanazi  , Sultan Manzil Alanazi  , Rozan Atallah AlMutrafi
Published: January 2025

The medical professionals who operate in hospital emergency departments (EDs) face a wide range of organizational and operational stresses due to the nature of their job. Examine the mental and emotional conditions in which emergency department nurses, paramedics, and doctors work at one particular hospital. Specifically, look at 1) job duties 2) regulating scales 4) the staff's anticipated adjustments, and 3) the individual's psycho-physical health. The study included seventy-four emergency department workers (nurses, paramedics, and doctors) from a Saudi Arabian university clinical hospital. The Psychosocial Working Conditions Questionnaire (PWCQ), a standardized tool, was used. The average ratings on the following scales were as follows: demands (94.99), control (59.26), social support (48.94), and desired changes (75.32). The longer someone has been with the company, the less help they get on the job (r=-0.308, p=0.01). At the same time, those living in towns and villages with less than 100,000 inhabitants saw a greater need for workplace improvements (p=0.007). A substantial correlation (p<0.05) was found between the respondents' material status and the responses obtained from each subscale of the PWCQ questionnaire. Compared to nurses (44.39±10.26), paramedics (51.11±8.48) and physicians (52.95±13.66) reported considerably greater levels of workplace support (p=0.005). The psychosocial working conditions and plenty of stresses in the emergency department necessitate that companies take action to improve them.
Experimental investigation for RCC structural element using the sustainable material like Fly ash and Rice husk ash.
Authors: Rohini V. Chavan  , Dr. M. M. Pawar  , Dr. S. P. Patil  , P. B. Bhaganagare  , S. P. Padole
Published: January 2025

Both the strain capacity at fracture and the tensile strength of unreinforced concrete are low. Traditionally, concrete has been strengthened by adding rice husk ash (RHA) to address these deficiencies. It is commonly recognized that Aggregate mixtures are heterogeneous in concrete, water, and cement. To create the desired properties in concrete, a variety of sustainable ingredients are added, including rice husk ash and fly ash. Proper component proportioning, mixing, and compacting are essential for producing strong, long-lasting concrete. A thorough experimental examination will be conducted to examine the impact of partially replacing cement in concrete with rice husk ash. Ash made from burning rice husks is an agricultural waste product with a high degree of reactivity. A by-product of the agriculture sector, rice husk ash (RHA) has a high silicon dioxide (SiO2) content. An effort was made to figure out the ideal burning temperature and duration. The ideal combination, according to the results, is 650 degrees Celsius and a burning time of 60 minutes. Afterwards, a number of tests were run to ascertain the characteristics of concretes with the ideal RHA.
Isolation and Biological Activity Assessment of Bioactive Compounds from Hygrophila salicifolia
Authors: Mohapatra Santosh Bandhu , Sarkar Ashish
Published: January 2025

Hygrophila salicifolia, a medicinal plant with historical therapeutic applications, was investigated for its phytochemical, pharmacognostic, and pharmacological properties. This study isolated and characterized bioactive compounds, particularly flavonoids, from its methanolic extract, using advanced chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. The extract demonstrated potent antioxidant and anti-urolithiatic activity in vitro and in vivo. It significantly reduced urinary calcium, oxalate, and phosphate levels while increasing magnesium excretion in an ethylene glycol-induced urolithiasis model in rats. Histopathological analysis revealed reduced renal damage and crystal deposition in treated groups. The flavonoid glycoside, identified as isoquercitrin, exhibited promising therapeutic potential, substantiating the plant's traditional medicinal use. This research underscores Hygrophila salicifolia's potential as a natural source for developing treatments for urolithiasis and other oxidative stress-related conditions.
UPI 123PAY: ANAVANT-GARDE STEP IN THE FINANCIAL INCLUSION
Authors: Bangundi Shantkumar A.
Published: January 2025

UPI 123PAY is an instant payment system for feature phone users who can use Unified Payments Interface (UPI) payment service in a safe and secure manner. Through UPI 123PAY, feature phone users will now be able to undertake a host of transactions based on four technology alternatives. They include calling an IVR (interactive voice response) number, app functionality in feature phones, missed call- based approach and also proximity sound-based payments.
Investment policy for innovation development within the framework of the Belarusian economic model
Authors: Mukha Dz.
Published: January 2025

The article examines the features and analyzes individual effectiveness indicators of investment policy in the interests of innovative development within the framework of the Belarusian economic model. The modes of financing innovative and scientific and technical projects within the framework of the implementation of state and interstate programs, preferential legal investment regimes within the framework of free economic zones, the Hi-Tech Park, the Great Stone Industrial Park, the investment agreement with the Republic of Belarus, the activities of innovative infrastructure entities, the type of economic activity "Research and Development", production high-tech goods (works, services), innovative activities. Key measures have been formulated to stimulate investment in the scientific, technological and innovative spheres, including the creation of the Eurasian Agency for Trade and Investment and a free trade zone for high-tech goods between the Eurasian Economic Union and the People's Republic of China, etc.
Study of regional hemodynamics and neuromuscular activity in patients with intra-articular fracture of the distal tibia
Authors: Shalatonina O. , Kandybo I. , Sitnik A. , Vasko O. , Kruk A. , Kochubinski A.
Published: January 2025

Evaluation of regional hemodynamis and functional condition of the lower extremity muscles of the lower leg, motor activity of two periphery nerves in patients who sustained the intra-articular fractures of the distal tibia was performed at 8–10 days; 1,5–2, 3–4 and 6–12 months after the surgical treatment with open reduction and plate fixation. Physiological analysis of the restoration of natural and evoked neuro-muscular activity, regional blood supply in cases with good adaptation of the boney fragments allowed to perform quantitative evaluation of the muscular activity level, degree of revascularization and the compensation of the initial and secondary circulatory disorders of the blood supply during different phases of reparative osteogenesis. During stages of fracture union and remodeling all patients demonstrated disorders of muscular and peripheral nerves function, hyperperfusion on main arteries with increased vascularization of the injured segment. Normalization of the parameters of neuro-muscular activity and regional blood supply was not yet completed by the time of boney union (by radiological data). Significant or moderate degree of disorders of muscular function with moderate of insignificant decrease of motor conduction of n.peroneus in the dustal segment (level of the forefoot) with insignificant decrease or normal level of motor conduction of n.tibialis, hyperperfusion on main arteries with normal vascularization of the injured segment. The received data build the basis for the definition of the criteria of anatomical-functional compliance between boney union and restoration of the motor activity of the muscles.