bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis bibliométrico de la investigación científica sobre modelos para estimar evapotranspiración en cultivos agrícolas
Authors: González Pérez Cecilia , Santillan-Fernandez Alberto , López Serrano Pablito Marcelo , Ramírez Guzmán Martha Elva , Quej Chi Víctor Hugo , Ávila Eugenio Carrillo
Published: April 2024

El objetivo fue analizar la evolución espacio-temporal de la producción de artículos científicos que utilizaron alguna metodología para la estimación de la evapotranspiración potencial en un cultivo agrícola (ETP). Se recopilaron 475 artículos científicos disponibles en la Web of Science. Los modelos para estimar la ETP de mayor frecuencia fueron los propuestos por FAO-Penman-Monteith (31.79%), Pemnan-Monteith (26.11%), y Thornthwaite (11.37%), y se aplicaron principalmente a cultivos de maíz, sorgo, soya y papa, en países como Estados Unidos, China, Brasil, e India, lideres agrícolas a nivel mundial. Se encontró que ocurrió un crecimiento exponencial en la publicación de los textos de 1984 a 2020 (R2 = 0.7624), lo que denota la relevancia del tema como un mecanismo para eficientizar el agua.
Relación entre funcionalidad familiar y apego al tratamiento en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica
Authors: Martínez Lara Verónica , Morales Ramírez Dionicio , Sánchez Hernández Norma Alicia , Pego Rubio Yessica Nereyda
Published: April 2024

Se estudia la relación entre la funcionalidad familiar y el apego al tratamiento en pacientes con enfermedad renal una Unidad de Medicina Familiar ubicada en Ciudad Madero Tamaulipas. Para medir la funcionalidad familiar se aplica el cuestionario APGAR, en tanto que la adherencia al tratamiento es medida a través de la prueba de Morisky-Green en una muestra de 120 pacientes y se emplea la prueba exacta de Fisher para probar dicha relación. Los resultados señalan una asociación estadística entre ambas variables, por lo que se concluye que la funcionalidad familiar juega un papel importante para que el paciente renal cumpla con su tratamiento y mejore su calidad de vida.
Presencia de los retardantes de flama bromados en México: una revisión
Authors: Olivares-Rubio Hugo F.
Published: April 2024

Se discute la presencia de los retardantes de flama bromados en México y proponer un análisis de prospección. Mediante una revisión bibliográfica de 16 artículos de investigación científica, se ha reportado la presencia de estos compuestos en costas, suelos, vertederos, lagunas costeras y efluentes de plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales; en los huevos del halcón aplomado y en la piel del tiburón ballena. También se ha encontrado en la sangre de mexicanos habitantes de algunos estados del país. Se desconoce la presencia de estos contaminantes en otros ambientes mexicanos y sus efectos en su biota. Más estudios son requeridos para ampliar los conocimientos en este tema.
Identificación de hongos mediante códigos de barras de ADN
Authors: Maldonado Bonilla Luis David , Sánchez Espinosa Ana Claudia , Villarruel Ordaz José Luis
Published: April 2024

La clasificación de hongos es un paso crucial para conocer su diversidad. Este proceso se realiza con el análisis de sus formas macroscópicas y microscópicas, lo cual requiere de mucha paciencia y entrenamiento. Hoy en día es posible usar la información del ADN con el objetivo de clasificar hongos. En tal sentido, se obtiene todo el ADN del hongo y de ahí se sustrae un pequeño fragmento, conocido como código de barras genético. Al igual que los productos del supermercado, este código de barras es único para cada hongo; de este modo, es fácil compartir estos datos por Internet, lo cual ha facilitado los estudios de biodiversidad el intercambio de información entre científicos.
Desarrollo sostenible a través del nexo aguaenergía- alimentos: avances y perspectivas para México
Authors: Mahlknecht Jürgen
Published: April 2024

Se evalúa el nexo agua-energía-alimentos y su perspectiva para México. Para este propósito, se emplea una revisión bibliográfica de los últimos avances y se cuantifican e ilustran las interrelaciones fundamentales en el país. Los resultados muestran que el nexo es un marco útil para aplicar estrategias y acciones referentes al cumplimiento de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sustentable. Existen algunos estudios locales orientados a la generación de modelos de optimización e índices de desempeño para evaluar el estado actual y proyectar escenarios futuros. Sin embargo, para poder implementar el nexo, este país requiere un rediseño de las políticas públicas, así como una planificación coordenada de los sectores involucrados, incluida la participación de las partes interesadas de la sociedad, las empresas y la academia.
La evolución cultural como analogía de la evolución biológica
Authors: González-Orozco Juan Carlos
Published: April 2024

Se busca demostrar que la cultura humana se ha encontrado siempre bajo un proceso de evolución continuo, en donde los mecanismos que conducen la evolución biológica son también patentes en la evolución cultural. Para ello, se revisaron los procesos que actualmente, se sabe, influyen en la evolución de las especies para así identificar puntos de analogía con los cambios suscitados en las distintas culturas que en nuestra historia se han registrado. Con esto se comprende mejor el origen de la amplia variabilidad cultural y al final se propone que su pérdida puede representar un riesgo para la supervivencia de nuestra especie de manera similar al de la pérdida de diversidad biológica.
El ATLAS TI, una alternativa para teorizar en la sociedad líquida
Authors: Rodriguez Rosselys
Published: April 2024

Se examina el ATLAS Ti como una opción para teorizar en la sociedad líquida. Para obtener los resultados se utilizó una metodología documental que inició con el arqueo, categorización y posterior análisis de la bibliografía seleccionada. De cuyo proceso se concluyó que, el ATLAS TI es una herramienta tecnológica cualitativa, con la cual se puede desarrollar conocimiento mediante el método de la teoría fundamentada, en dicho software se deja evidencia para la trazabilidad de los procedimientos; adicionalmente, se recomienda presentar a la comunidad científica los avances obtenidos para validar externamente el constructo epistémico; también en enfoques investigativos transcomplejos se puede fusionar esta herramienta con otros softwares para generar conocimiento desde distintas dimensiones y disciplinas
Indicators of pain syndrome in the postoperative period during endoprosthesis of hip and knee joints in patients with diabetes
Authors: Zenkina L. M.
Published: April 2024

Hip and knee arthroplasty refer to the widespread surgical interventions. Diabetes mellitus is one of the common diseases that negatively affect the results of these operations.
Objective — to determine pain syndrome during anesthesia and in the early postoperative period during hip and knee arthroplasty in patients with concomitant diabetes mellitus.
Materials and methods. The study involved 69 patients who underwent hip and knee arthroplasty surgery. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the scheme of anesthesia provision. Patients of the first group (n=20) underwent multicomponent low‑flow anesthesia with artificial lung ventilation; in the second group (n=24) spinal anesthesia was used for pain relief; in the third group (n=25) combined spinal‑epidural anesthesia with dexmedetomidine sedation was performed.
Results. The significant difference in the severity of pain has been reveled in the study groups in the postoperative period after 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours and 24 hours. In particular, after 6 hours in group 1, the pain was more severe than in group 2 (p<0,001) and group 3 (p<0,001); in group 2 and group 3, the pain was of the same intensity (p>0,05). At 12 hours postoperatively, the pain in patients in group 1 was significantly higher than in group 2 (p<0,01) and group 3 (p<0,001); and the pain in group 2 was more severe than in group 3 (p<0,05). After 18 hours, the pain in group 1 and group 2 was significantly worse than in group 3 (both p<0,001); at the same time, the pain level in group 1 and group 3 did not differ (p>0,05). At 1 day postoperatively, significantly more pain was observed in group 1 compared to group 3 (p<0,001), and in group 2 compared to group 3 (p<0,001); pain in group 1 and group 2 did not differ (p>0,05).
Conclusions. Any of the proposed methods can be used for anesthetic support of hip and knee arthroplasty operations, but regional anesthesia methods provided the best results of pain relief in the postoperative period compared to general anesthesia. Patients from group 3 (combined spinal‑epidural anesthesia) were best anesthetized.
Features of gestation course in women with nodular goiter under conditions of iodine deficiency
Authors: Paienok O. S. , Hrytsyshyn B. R. , Ihnatovych S. V.
Published: April 2024

According to statistical data, hypothyroidism with an increase in the level of pituitary thyroid‑stimulating hormone (TSH) occurs during pregnancy in 2—2.5% of cases, thyrotoxicosis due to Graves’ disease — in 0.2%, transient hyperthyroidism due to uncontrollable vomiting of pregnant women — in 2—3%, and the frequency of development of autoimmune thyroiditis is 10%. In the postpartum period, the development of thyropathies is noted in 5—9% of women in labor. Graves’ disease is diagnosed in 70—80% of cases, and thyroid suppression in 20—30% of cases.
Objective — to study the characteristics of the course of pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period in women with nodular formations in the thyroid gland under conditions of iodine deficiency.
Materials and methods. Observations involved 159 pregnant women who constantly live under conditions of iodine deficiency. The patients were divided into two groups, the first group included 52 women with a history of thyroid surgery due to nodular formation, and women of the second group (n=57) were administered conservative treatment for nodular goiter during this pregnancy. The control group included 50 practically healthy women with a physiological pregnancy course. The term of pregnancy and the age of women in all groups did not differ significantly.
Results. It has been demonstrated that insufficient intake of iodine by pregnant woman resulted in perinatal complications and requires monitoring of the iodine balance during pregnancy, in the postpartum and early neonatal periods. The threat of pregnancy termination in the group of surgical treatment of nodular goiter was 42.3%, in the group of conservative treatment 56.1%; the proportion of placental dysfunction was 76.9% and 57.9%, respectively; preeclampsia of the first degree of severity was registered in 11.5% and 12.3% of patients, respectively; mild and moderate anemia — in 78.9% and 64.9%, respectively, which significantly (p<0.05) exceeded similar indicators in the control group.
Conclusions. Pregnant women with nodular formations of the thyroid gland have a greater number of complications during pregnancy, regardless of the method of treatment of nodular goiter, than women with a physiological pregnancy course.
Minimally invasive techniques for surgical treatment of sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease
Authors: Dubenko D. Y. , Honza R. V.
Published: April 2024

Sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease (SPD) is a common disease that affects mainly young men and leads to a decrease in their quality of life and a long‑term loss of working capacity. According to the available statistical data, the disease prevalence in Europe and North America ranges from 26 to 40 cases per 100,000 people.
Objective —  to determine the effectiveness of minimally invasive techniques for surgical treatment of chronic and recurrent forms of SPD.
Materials and methods. The study included 23 patients with SPD. It was clinical prospective, with a follow‑up period of 18 months. The evaluation criteria were defined as recurrences, the frequency of postoperative complications, the severity of the pain syndrome, the patient’s self‑assessment of the cosmetic effect, the duration of hospitalisation, and the duration of surgery.
The results. The recurrence rate during the 18 months of observation was 39.1%. The overall frequency of postoperative complications was 21.7%. The median duration of surgery was 20 (CI 95% 15—25) minutes, and the median duration of hospitalisation was 2 (CI 95% 1—3) days. The median score of the pain syndrome according to the modified visual analogue scale was 5 (CI 95% 4—5) points on the 0th postoperative day, 3 (CI 95% 3—4) points on the third postoperative day, and 2 (CI 95% 2—2) points on the fifth postoperative day. The cosmetic effect of surgical intervention was rated as rather dissatisfied (17.4%), rather satisfied (52.2%), and completely satisfied (30.4%).
Conclusions. Minimally invasive techniques are effective for the surgical treatment of chronic and recurrent forms of sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease, reducing both the inpatient period and the surgery duration. Minimally invasive surgical treatment for chronic and recurrent forms of sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease has been observed to cause a moderate pain syndrome in the early postoperative period while contributing to satisfactory cosmetic results in the remote period. The surgical treatment of chronic and recurrent forms of sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease with minimally invasive techniques has been found to result in a relatively high recurrence rate (39.1% over 18 months of follow‑up).
Choledochoscopy in the laparoscopic treatment of patients with choledocholithiasis: a single-centre study
Authors: Susak Y. M. , Maksimenko M. V. , Markulan L. Y. , Volkovetskii V. V.
Published: April 2024

Choledochoscopy is a minimally invasive procedure used for laparoscopic bile duct exploration and the removal of bile duct stones. However, there is insufficient information available about its advantages in diagnosing choledocholithiasis and its role in laparoscopic choledocholithoextraction.
Objective —  to compare the diagnostic efficacy of imaging techniques and choledochoscopy in patients with choledocholithiasis and to evaluate the role of choledochoscopy in laparoscopic choledocholithoextraction.
Materials and methods. The study examined the results of 128 patients with calculous cholecystitis and choledocholithiasis who had laparoscopic choledocholithoextraction in combination with choledochoscopy. We assessed the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound, CT, and MRI in the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis, as well as the efficacy of one‑stage treatment of calculous cholecystitis and choledocholithiasis using choledochoscopy and laparoscopic choledocholithoextraction.
Results. Imaging techniques demonstrated limited sensitivity and specificity in determining the diameter and number of common bile duct stones. A total of 89 (69.5%) patients achieved complete bile duct clearance after blind laparoscopic choledocholithoextraction: 86 (81.1%) had choledochotomy, and 3 (13.6%) underwent transcystic common bile duct exploration. The combination of choledochoscopy and laparoscopic choledocholithoextraction ensured the complete removal of bile duct stones in 97.6% of patients.
Conclusions. The imaging techniques used for determining the number of common bile duct stones in choledocholithiasis had sensitivity and specificity rates of 41.4% and 92.7% for ultrasound, 72.7% and 83.3% for CT, and 86.7% and 60.9% for MRI, respectively. A total of 89 (69.5%) patients achieved complete bile duct clearance after blind laparoscopic choledocholithoextraction: 86 (81.1%) had choledochotomy, and 3 (13.6%)underwent transcystic common bile duct exploration. Choledochoscopy was required for laparoscopic choledocholithoextraction in 18.9% of choledochotomy patients and in 86.4% of those who underwent transcystic common bile duct exploration. Choledochoscopy demonstrated an overall bile duct stone clearance rate of 97.6%.
Effects of Helicobacter pylori infection on the components of metabolic syndrome. Review
Authors: Gridnyev O. Y. , Gridnieva S. V.
Published: April 2024

The article emphasizes the ability of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) to influence metabolic processes and considers possible mechanisms of such influence. The data presented that H. pylori infection increases the frequency of metabolic syndrome and its components. It is emphasized that systemic chronic inflammatory processes (one of the main links in the pathogenesis of metabolic‑associated diseases) can be initiated by H. pylori due to the activation of «classical» mechanisms inherent in metabolic diseases: activation of pro‑inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor‑α, interleukins‑1, ‑6,) and adipocyte hormones. This is primarily due to the ability of H. pylori to produce cytotoxins (Cag/Vac A) and the presence of lipopolysaccharide in its own cell wall (endotoxin), which can both directly and indirectly induce a pro‑inflammatory response, including a systemic one. In support of this, the data showing that H. pylori eradication prevents repeated stenosis of the coronary arteries after stent placement, leads to an improvement in the course of arterial hypertension, and a significant decrease in the levels of C‑reactive protein. In addition, the effect of H. pylori on pro‑inflammatory cytokines and adipocyte hormones can contribute to the formation of an abnormal proatherogenic lipid profile. This is confirmed by data on the decrease in the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low‑density lipoprotein cholesterol against the background of an increase in the concentration of high‑density lipoprotein cholesterol after successful eradication of H pylori. Also noted that H. pylori infection is a potential contributing factor to insulin resistance and chronic hyperglycemia, and this is also largely related to the ability of Helicobacter pylori to produce cytotoxins. Some investigators haven’t established the relationship between H. pylori and glycosylated hemoglobin levels, that can be explained by the use of serological methods for H. pylori diagnosis. The differences in research results may be associated with methodological errors, therefore, further research is needed in this direction, which will contribute to the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies.
PERBEDAAN PERILAKU CYBERLOAFING DITINJAU DARI JENIS KELAMIN KARYAWAN MALL X DI SURABAYA
Authors: Kartika Luciana Chandra
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan perilaku cyberloafing berdasarkan jenis kelamin laki-laki dan perempuan pada karyawan Mall x di Surabaya. Subyek penelitian ini berjumlah 80 responden, dengan rincian 40 responden laki-laki dan 40 responden Perempuan di Mall X di Surabaya. Teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Uji Independent Simple t-test dan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan perilaku cyberloafing berdasarkan jenis kelamin (laki-laki dan perempuan). Hasil reliabilitas dengan nilai Cronbach’s Alpha sebesar 0,937  dengan dilakukan 2x putaran. Selain itu dengan uji prasyarat yang telah terpenuhi bahwa data berdistribusi normal dan homogen, maka Teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Uji ANOVA Satu Arah (Independent Simple T-test) untuk mengetahui perbedaan perbedaan perilaku cyberloafing berdasarkan jenis kelamin laki-laki dan perempuan pada karyawan Mall x di Surabaya. Hasil dari penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa hipotesis diterima dengan memperoleh nilai sebesar ρ=0,044 dengan taraf signifikan (ρ<0,05) hasil value F= 0,167 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa perilaku cyberloafing memiliki perbedaan berdasarkan laki-laki dan perempuan. maka hipotesis diatas di terima.
Perilaku Impulsive Buying Pada Mahasiswa Pengguna Skincare Di Surabaya Berkaitan Dengan Fenomena Fear of Missing Out
Authors: Dewi Gusti Ayu Silvia Puspita
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara Fear of Missing Out dengan impulsive buying. Fear of Missing Out ini menjadi variabel independent pada penelitian ini. Sedangkan impulsive buying merupakan variabel dependen. Sampel penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa pengguna skincare di kota Surabaya sejumlah 109 responden. Pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yakni non probability sampling dengan Teknik purposive sampling, yaitu suatu metode penentuan sampel dipilih diantara populasi sesuai dengan yang dikehendaki peneliti, sehingga sampel tersebut dapat mewakili karakteristik populasi yang di inginkan. Alat ukur yang digunakan yaitu skala impulsive buying dan Fear of Missing Out. Pengujian hipotesis penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik korelasi product moment yang dibantu SPSS 23.0 for windows, menunjukkan skor koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,694 dengan taraf signifikansi p = 0,000 (p < 0,01) dan nilai R² 48% artinya ada hubungan positif yang sangat signifikan antara Fear of Missing Out dan impulsive buying, artinya semakin tinggi Fear of Missing Out, maka semakin tinggi pula perilaku impulsive buying. Hasil yang didapat bahwa impulsive buying memiliki sumbangan efektif sebesar 48,2% terhadap Fear of Missing Out, dan 51,8% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain.
Using Extant Data to Improve Estimation of the Standardized Mean Difference
Authors: Fitzgerald Kaitlyn G. , Tipton Elizabeth
Published: April 2024

This article presents methods for using extant data to improve the properties of estimators of the standardized mean difference (SMD) effect size. Because samples recruited into education research studies are often more homogeneous than the populations of policy interest, the variation in educational outcomes can be smaller in these samples than is reflective of the true variation in the population. This affects effect size estimation since the sample standard deviation is used in the denominator of the SMD. We propose leveraging extant data on sample variance estimates from multiple studies, made available via clearinghouse databases such as the What Works Clearinghouse, to standardize a mean difference. This allows effect sizes to be benchmarked across a common and broad population, thus enabling better comparability across studies and interventions. We derive the new estimators of the population variance and the corresponding SMD, which pool sample variances from multiple studies using both an analysis of variance and a meta-analytic framework. We demonstrate the properties of these estimators via analytic and simulation results and offer recommendations for when these estimators are appropriate in practice.
Nedîm’in “Var İçinde” Redifli Gazeline Fenomenolojik Yaklaşım
Authors: Gümüş Mustafa Yunus
Published: April 2024

Felsefeciler bir metni anlamak, anlamlandırmak, eleştirmek, yorumlamak için birçok yöntem ortaya koymuşlardır. Fenomenoloji de bu yöntemlerden biri olup edebî eserlere uygulanmaktadır. Bu eleştiri yönteminde sadece metne odaklanılır ve metnin yazarı, tarihî bağlamı, okurun tecrübesi gibi etkenler dikkate alınmaz, yani metin dışı unsurlar ayraca alınır. Bu yöntem sayesinde metnin sahip olduğu öze ulaşılmaya çalışılır. Bu çalışmada 18. yüzyılın önemli şairlerinden biri olan Nedîm’in “var içinde” redifli gazeli fenomenolojik yaklaşımla incelenmeye çalışıldı. Bu şiiri inceleme sürecinde şairin hayat hikâyesi, dünya görüşü, diğer şiirleri ve tecrübelerimiz bir kenara bırakıldı yani bunlar ayraca alındı. Metinde yer almayan hiçbir unsur değerlendirmeye alınmadı ve metnin ana unsuru olan kelimelerden yola çıkılarak metin yo-rumlandı.
Analyzing global competitiveness of Turkish air conditioning industry
Authors: İzgi Fatma , Kavacık Mustafa
Published: April 2024

The global economy significantly relies on the air conditioning sector, which has been gaining increased importance worldwide and in Türkiye due to the impact of global warming, climate change, and the diminishing energy resources. As a multifaceted industry encompassing air conditioning, heating, installation, insulation, refrigeration and ventilation sector has been adapting to the growing demand for environmentally friendly and energy-efficient solutions. This study analyzes air conditioning industry of Türkiye and its sub-product groups in terms of its ability to compete internationally, spanning from 2001 to 2021. To assess competitiveness, we employed various analytical tools, including Balassa's Revealed Comparative Advantages Index (RCA), Vollrath Indices (RXA, RMP, RTA, RC), Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantages Index (RSCA), Trade Balance Index (TBI), and Product Mapping method. Notably, there is no research that scrutinize the competitiveness of the Turkish air conditioning industry utilizing the Product Mapping. The study findings emphasize that air conditioning industry of Türkiye has competitiveness. Within the sub-product group, the analysis reveals that Türkiye has competitiveness for 11 products, a near-limit competitiveness for 3 products, and a lack of competitiveness for 10 products.
Сhallenges of Сooperation between Russian and African Small and Medium Enterprises in the Field of Innovation
Authors:   Institute for African Studies RAS, Ildyakov Alexander
Published: April 2024

In recent years, international cooperation in the development and implementation of innovations has been progressing rapidly. As a result, more and more innovative products and technologies are appearing on the market. An analysis of the criteria for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Russia and African countries has revealed their heterogeneity and sometimes inconsistency, which requires the harmonization of these criteria at the level of national governments and international organizations. The study provides a number of practical recommendations for small and medium-sized enterprises engaged in external economic activities related to the development and implementation of innovations, as well as for Russian development institutions, venture funds and other organizations. The main problems and opportunities that Russian and African SMEs may face are identified in the paper, and the key areas of their potential cooperation are suggested. The main strategic goal of cooperation between Russian and African SMEs in the field of innovation is defined as the transition from “catching-up”, imitating kind of technical progress to “overtaking” innovative development.
Research on the Development of Online Content for Secondary Career Education in the Era of Digital Transformation(DX)
Authors:   The Korea Association of Education Consulting & Coaching, KAECC, Lee Chan , Jeon Hye-rin , Park Bok-mi
Published: April 2024

The goal of this study was to develop of online career content for third-year middle school students who utilize the A Company platform, which is used by learners who specialize in corporate education within the S Corporation group. This content, which has been underway since April 2023, investigates the possibility of creating web-based materials for middle school career education. The study explores the value of career education at this point because of the growing importance of online content for career education as a result of digital transformation (DX) and the effects of COVID-19, especially in light of the impending decisions that third-year middle school students will make regarding their high school enrollment and career paths. To develop the online content for third-year middle school students, the study reviewed both the 2015 revised curriculum direction and the 2022 revised direction. The analysis included a review of the themes in the middle school [Career and Occupation] textbooks, extracting key topics and essential learning elements. Based on the findings, lesson plans and content development were carried out. The development process included designing a prototype based on content development strategies and stage-specific learning strategies. The developed prototype underwent quality reviews from academic experts and professionals in the field. As consequently, the study's conclusions included research findings as well as recommendations for developing career education content for young people that take the changing labor market into account.
موقف الولايات المتحدة الامريكية من الانقلاب العسكري في الصومال عام 1969
Authors: نجم كوت انتظار , كاظم محمد الهاشمي رحيم
Published: April 2024

ابدت الولايات المتحدة الامريكية اهتماما متزايدا بمنطقة القرن الافريقي عموما، والصومال خصوصا، لاعتبارات موقعية تخص موقعها الجيوستراتيجي، اذ انها تشرف على خليج عدن ومضيق باب المندب والبحر الاحمر وقناة السويس، وهي ممرات مائية استراتيجية لها اهميتها التجارية والعسكرية، علاوة على ذلك انها قريبة من الخليج العربي حيث منابع النفط، وزادت اهميتها في ظل التنافس الدولي والاقليمي. ولذلك اكتسبت الصومال اهمية خاصة في الاستراتيجية الامريكية . فحرصت من خلال سياستها على تعزيز وجودها وتأمين مصالحها الاقتصادية والسياسية والعسكرية بعد الانقلاب العسكري في الصومال عام 1969، وتأتي الأهمية الرئيسة للبحث لكونه يوضح موقف الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية تجاه الانقلاب العسكري في الصومال الذي أطاح بالحكومة المدنية، وإظهار كيف سعت الولايات المتحدة لإيجاد مناطق نفوذ لها في الصومال.
إطار نظريٌّ لاستعمالِ الهندسةِ المتزامنةِ رُباعيَّةِ الأبعادِ وتحقيق المزايا التنافسيّة
Authors: راضي رهيف الفلاحيّ مُحمد , نوار كحيط الموسويّ عَباس
Published: April 2024

تَمَثَّلَتْ مُشكلة البحث في إهمال (بُعْد تصميم استدامة المُنْتَج) وعدم إدراجه ضمن أبعاد تقنيّة الهندسة المُتزامنة, في الوقتِ الذي أصبحت فيهِ التوجُهاتِ العالميّةِ تسعى بشكلٍ جادٍ وكبيرٍ نحو مراعاته, فضلاً عَنْ ضعفِ استعمالِ الوحداتِ الاقتصاديّةِ الصِناعِيَّةِ العراقيّةِ لِهذهِ التقنيّة بِشَكْلٍ كبير, الأمر الذي أثّر سَلباً عَلى مستوى أدائِها وقدرتها التنافسيّة، ولأجل معالجة هذه المشكلة فإنَّ البحث الحالي يهدف أساساً إلى تحديدِ مدى إفادة الوحدات الاقتصاديّة الصِناعِيَّة من استعمالِ الهندسةِ المتزامنةِ رُباعيّةِ الأبعاد في توفيرِ معلوماتٍ ملائِمةٍ لدعمِ البرامجِ والقراراتِ الاستراتيجيّةِ ذات التأثير الاقتصادي والبيئي والاجتماعي؛ لأجلِ تحقيقِ مزايا تنافسيّة معينة. ولأجل تحقيق هدف البحث تم بيان مدى استعمال الوحدات الاقتصاديّة الصِناعِيَّة لتقنيّةِ الهندسةِ المتزامنةِ رُباعيّةِ الأبعاد, فضلاً عن تقسيم الهندسة المتزامنة إلى مرحلتين رئيستين, تناولت كل مرحلة أبعاد معينة من أبعاد الهندسة المتزامنة, فضلاً عن اقتراح مرحلة ثالثة تضم الأبعاد الأربعة. وبعد إجراء دراسة تحليلية نظرية للأدبيات المهتمة بالموضوع تَمَّ التوصل إلى مجموعةٍ مِنَ الاستنتاجاتِ كان أهمها: أنَّ الدراسة الحاليّة هي المرحلة الأكثر توسُعاً لأبعادِ الهندسةِ المُتزامنة, إذ أصبحت ذا أربعة أبعاد, وذلك بَعْــدَ اقتــراح إضافـة (البُعْـد الرابـع) لَهـا, وَالمُتَمَثِّـل بـ (بُعْـد تصميـم استدامـة المُنْتَـج Dimension Designing the Sustainability of the Product), وتبيَّن أنَّ هناك الكثير من الوحدات الاقتصاديّة التي استعملت تقنيّة الهندسة المتزامنة ثلاثية الأبعاد ونجحت بذلك, إلّا أَنَّهُ نجاحاً ليس كما ينبغي للبقاء في دُنيا الأعمال, أي أَنَّهُ نجاحاً نسبيّا, وهو ما جعل الدراسة الحاليّة تبحث عن نجاحاً أكثر ضماناً للاستمرار في بيئةِ السوقِ التنافسيّة, وعليه, اتسعت قاعدة المزايا التنافسيّة المتحققة للوحدة الاقتصاديّة من جرّاء استعمالها لهندسةٍ متزامنةٍ رُباعيّةِ الأبعاد, فالبُعْدِ الرابع
أثر علماء مصر وبلاد الشام في علوم القران الكريم في بغداد حتى سنة (656هـ/1258م)
Authors: حلو حسن  الوائلي علي , حسين علي السويطي محمد
Published: April 2024

أسهــم علمـاء مصر وبـلاد الشام في بغداد بالعصر العباسي إسهـامـا فعالا في مجال علـوم القـرأءات ,لاسيما وأن عـددا لابأس بـه قـد تتلمـذ علـــى أيديهـــم حيث نهلــوا مــــن علمهم الـوافــر إلـــى جـانب تأليفهــم كتب قيمه أصبحت اهــم مصادر البغداديين فـي دراسة عـلــوم القـرآن والتفسير, ولــذلك شكــل هؤلاء العلمـاء رافــدا علميا مهمـــا فــــي بغـداد آنــذاك.
بلاغة السرد والصورة لدى الروائية أحلام مستغانمي
Authors: صادق هليل الشريفي الاء , تؤلوبوك حاج مامين فابية
Published: April 2024

يتجه مسار الدراسة نحو البحث في بلاغة النص الروائي من وجهة النظر الأسلوبية؛ فبمراجعة مسار تطور النقد الفني يتبين أن العديد من المدارس النقدية كانت قد اتجهت منذ مراحل مبكرة إلى إثبات الطبيعة الأسلوبية للرواية انطلاقاً من تأكيد قدرتها على استيعاب الفنون البلاغية التي كانت محتكرة في أغلب الأحيان من قبل نظرية الشعر، وهو الاتجاه الذي أفضى لاحقاً إلى الاعتراف ببلاغة الرواية، وبقدرتها على الكشف عن مستويات بلاغية تتجاوز حدود العبارات والجمل إلى فضاء بلاغة السرد، وبلاغة الصورة، إلا أن هذه الميزات تظهر في نطاق الرؤية الأسلوبية أكثر منها في نطاق المفاهيم والتشكيلات النظرية والتطبيقية للبلاغة التقليدية، الأمر الذي يعزى إليه تسمية الأسلوبية عند البعض بـ "البلاغة الجديدة". وعليه؛ تعنى الباحثة في هذا البحث بدراسة وتحليل بلاغة النص الروائي لدى أحلام مستغانمي وذلك في ثلاثة عناصر بلاغية وأسلوبية، تتمثل بكل من بلاغة السرد  وبلاغة الصورة.
أساليب الإنشاء الطلبي في شعر الفقهاء والنُّسَّاك في العصر الأموي
Authors: كريم داود فاطمة , بدوي حمد الزهيري جميل
Published: April 2024

تناول هذا البحث أساليب الإنشاء الطلبي في شعر الفقهاء والنُّسَّاك في العصر الأموي ومنها:(الاستفهام، والنداء، والأمر، والتمني، والنهي)، وقد خرجت هذه الأساليب عن معناها الحقيقي إلى أغراض مجازية عمد إليها الفقهاء والنُّسَّاك في العصر الأموي؛ للتأثير في المتلقي . وقد كان أسلوب الاستفهام من أكثر الأساليب حضوراً ، ويليه الأمر النهي, ثم النداء والتمني، وقد كثرت فيها موضوعات النصح والإرشاد والوعظ والفخر والغزل.
الرؤية المستقبلية للتنمية المستدامة في العراق والعلاقة بينها وبين القطاع النفطي العراقي
Authors: عبد الرضا حمد دنان العطافي رشا , طالب احمد الجنديل جعفر
Published: April 2024

أن من مهام الدول المنتجة للنفط هو الاستثمار الاجنبي لعدم قدرة اغلب البلدان النامية على استغلال موردها بالشكل الامثل ، والاستثمار في القطاع النفطي يستوجب من الشركات الاحتكارية الانتاج الواسع لتغطية التكاليف بأسرع وقت وهو يعد من العوامل الاساسية والمساعدة في نضوب المورد الغير متجدد والاحفوري (النفط) وان الاسراف في استخدامه تعني اهمال حصة الاجيال المستقبلية او اللاحقة, وبذلك نكون امام خيارات صعبة هل لابد من الاستمرار في الاستثمار لتحقيق عمليات التنمية وتغطية حاجة البلدان المنتجة للنفط، ام نقلل من الاستثمار بقدر حاجتنا ونستغل مواردة للتنمية المستدامة وبناء البنى التحتية ، لذا ينبغي معرفة كل شيء عن المورد النفطي كالتراخيص النفطية ودور التنمية المستدامة بذلك والعلاقة بينها وبين  القطاع النفطي, بالإضافة الى الخوض في القطاع النفطي والنظر في تحقيق بعض الاستثمارات في الطاقات المتجددة من اجل التنمية المستدامة.
التحليل الجغرافي للنشاط الزراعي وتربية الحيوانات في ريف ناحية واسط
Authors: موسى هادي هدى , ياسر الياسري حميد
Published: April 2024

بالرغم من تنوع الانشطة الاقتصادية في منطقة الدراسة الا ان النشاط الزراعي يمثل النشاط الاساس بين جميع الفعاليات الاخرى اذ يساعد ذلك في توفر العوامل المتمثلة بالتربة الخصبة والمياه الذان يعدان الاساس في قيام النشاط الزراعي فضلا عن عامل المناخ والعوامل البشرية والمتمثلة باليد العاملة , ويمارس السكان في منطقة الدراسة الزراعة والرعي والصيد اذ انه يمثل النشاط الرئيس في مستوطنات منطقة الدراسة .
Exploring Learners' Perceptions of the Role of Learner-Centered Online Education in Transforming Legal Education
Authors: Kim Hye Jeong , Khadam Nadia , Ju Minseo
Published: April 2024

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, higher education institutions worldwide quickly transitioned to online learning, and Pakistan's law schools were no exception. Since, the country's law departments are renowned for their traditional, lecture-based teaching style. To investigate the impact of this transition, this study analyzed the responses of 111 law students from Pakistan universities regarding the quality assurance of students, their online learning experiences, interactive relationships within the online courses, and challenges faced by them in online education. The study's findings suggest a transition from traditional instructor-centered legal education to a more learner-centered approach during the experience of online education during the pandemic. However, despite this transition, students still highly value instructor-centered classes based on lectures and evaluations, indicating that more work needs to be done to fully embrace a student-centered learning environment in online.
The Effect of Task-based Elementary School Students’ Sentence Construction Learning Using Artificial Intelligence and Corpora
Authors: Lee In Suk , Lee Dong Ju
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the efficacy of task-based sentence construction learning utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) and corpora among sixth-grade students in elementary education. The investigation is centered on enhancing students' proficiency in sentence construction ability, employing a structured six-step approach tailored to English language lessons for sixth graders. These steps encompass sentence preparation, practice, discovery, application, consolidation, and expansion. Each stage incorporates specific pedagogical tools: AIPengTalk for practice, corpora for discovery, task-based activities for application, and Dictogloss exercises for expansion. The findings of this study indicate several significant outcomes. Firstly, task-based sentence learning leveraging AI and corpora demonstrates effectiveness in augmenting students' proficiency in English sentence learning. The six-step approach facilitates a comprehensive and thorough exploration of sentence construction, leading to increased fluency and versatility in the utilization of English sentences. Secondly, the impact of task-based sentence learning utilizing AI and corpora extends across students of varying proficiency levels, including upper, middle, and lower achievers. Remarkably, the greatest improvement is observed among lower-level students, followed by middle-level students, while upper-level students exhibit comparatively lesser advancement. This suggests that task-based approaches are particularly advantageous for learners with moderate to lower proficiency levels, aiding in their acquisition of sentence composition skills. Notably, activities focusing on sentence construction contribute significantly to enhancing both fluency and accuracy, particularly among middle- and lower-level learners. Thirdly, the overall student response to task-based sentence learning employing AI and corpora is predominantly positive. Many students express appreciation for the integration of innovative teaching and learning methodologies, such as AI-PengTalk, corpora analysis, task-based activities, and Dictogloss exercises, citing their effectiveness in consolidating their English language skills. This study holds significance in its exploration of integrating sentence structure learning within the elementary school English curriculum, with a distinct emphasis on communicative functions, and its subsequent application within classroom settings.
Effect of a default portion-size reduction on meat consumption and diner satisfaction: Controlled experiments in Stanford University dining halls
Authors: Voşki Anaïs , Braginsky Mika , Zhang Amy , Bertoldo Jackie , Egan Sophie , Levig Lee Alan , Ihrig Michelle Mueller , Mathur Maya B
Published: April 2024

Reducing animal-based food consumption, especially in Global North countries such as the United States, is an important factor in mitigating the climate and biodiversity crises and improving public health and animal welfare. Choice-architecture interventions or nudges that target the decision structure of consumers, especially within the food domain (e.g., reducing default portion sizes), have outperformed other intervention categories in most studies. Yet the evidence for nudging effectiveness is limited in large-scale, real-life settings, and little is known about effects on diner satisfaction and about backfiring effects that reduce or even reverse the desired behavior. Indeed, concern about the latter two has been a substantial barrier to scalability and wider adoption by the food service industry. In our single-blinded, quasi-experimental, and pre-registered studies in university dining halls, reducing the size of spoons used to serve meat by 25% resulted in ~24 lbs (18%) less meat consumed per day (Study 1, made-to-order burritos) but with a wide confidence interval that included the null. This intervention did not reduce diner satisfaction. Surprisingly, a more substantial 50% reduction in serving spoon size (Study 2, varying menu items) did not reduce consumption, triggered backfiring effects, and significantly decreased diner satisfaction. Internal meta-analysis indicated that on average, the two interventions reduced daily meat consumption by ~12 lbs with a small effect size (standardized mean difference= 0.24), but again with a wide confidence interval that included the null. Key differences in contextual nuances and factors may help explain these mixed results and underscore the importance and challenges of finding the ‘Goldilocks’ zone for successful portion size default nudges. Future research exploring different menu items and in different dining hall stations and food service industry models beyond staff-served is suggested to continue disentangling the nuances of these types of nudges in service of collective, societal-level sustainable diets.
Pathway Circuit Mapping for Drug Repurposing: CoV-DrugX Tool Sheds Light on Therapeutic Opportunities
Authors: Aggarwal Shreya , Rustagi Apurva , Chopra Agrima , Gautam Yashi , Ramesh Bhavya , Kumar Sumit , Anand Ayush , Rawal Kamal
Published: April 2024

The fight against new diseases like COVID-19 demands creative ways to find and reuse existing drugs. This article examines how scientists are rethinking drug use by focusing on cellular pathways as a guide to finding new treatments. A key part of this effort is the CoV-DrugX Pathway Circuit Tool, a new online program developed by Kamal Rawal's team. This tool uses pathway information and links between genes and drugs to predict how drugs might interact with these pathways, helping researchers quickly find existing drugs that could be repurposed to treat COVID-19. By combining data from various sources, the CoV-DrugX Tool offers a systematic and affordable way to identify drugs that target important pathways involved in COVID-19. However, there are still challenges, such as limited data and the possibility of inaccurate predictions. Despite these limitations, the CoV-DrugX Pathway Circuit Tool is a major step forward in drug discovery. It gives researchers a powerful tool to speed up finding potential treatments during health crises. In the future, this tool could be adapted for other infectious diseases, using its focus on pathways to address urgent medical needs beyond COVID-19.
Application of K-Nearest Neighbors Algorithm for Vaccine Target Prediction
Authors: Vidhu Navya P. , Garg Manan , Gandotra Ronit , Mahajan Prajwal , Verma Srishti , Chawla Raghav , TRIPATHI SHUBHAY , Agarwal Pranay , Rawal Kamal , BtechBioinformatics
Published: April 2024

Vaccine development heavily relies on identifying suitable antigen targets to induce robust immune responses. Traditional methods for vaccine target identification often involve laborious experimental procedures and may lack scalability. In recent years, machine learning algorithms, particularly the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm, have gained traction in bioinformatics tasks, including vaccine target prediction (Levine et al., 2016; Doytchinova & Flower, 2007). This paper presents an implementation of the KNN algorithm for vaccine target prediction and provides insights into its effectiveness. Leveraging a comprehensive dataset of pathogen proteins, we employ machine learning techniques for feature learning and prediction. Our results demonstrate the promising performance of the KNN models in accurately identifying vaccine targets, surpassing traditional methods in terms of both accuracy and efficiency (Heinson et al., 2017; Magnan et al., 2010). We highlight the key factors influencing model performance through meticulous analysis and discuss potential avenues for further improvement (Goodswen et al., 2013). Overall, our study underscores the potential of the KNN algorithm in vaccine target prediction, offering valuable insights for future research in the field.
Metacognition in decision making across domains and modalities: evidence from three studies
Authors: Mazancieux Audrey , Hat Katarzyna , Rutiku Renate , Wierzchoń Michał , Sandberg Kristian
Published: April 2024

Metacognition involves second-order judgments about first-order ones. It remains unclear whether an individual's confidence in being correct is generated by the same system across tasks (domain-generality) or whether it is computed independently in the context of each task (domain-specificity). Previous studies have focused on correlations across several tasks, yet evidence is mixed and more complex models of domain-generality were not taken into account. Analyzing data from 10 tasks collected across three studies (N between 253 and 547 participants), we found a fixed pattern of cross-task correlations for both metacognitive bias and metacognitive efficiency. In accordance with previous studies, we found that hierarchical estimation of metacognitive efficiency led to higher correlations. We used confirmatory factor analyses to investigate the existence of general processes. We found evidence for a weak domain-generality with a metacognitive module for perceptual tasks and another for cognitive tasks.
Shame, guilt, and risk behaviours in forensic inpatients: An introduction for services considering participation in this research study
Authors: Vaughan Alfred
Published: April 2024

This presentation introduces the NHS Health Research Authority-approved research study, 'Shame, Guilt, and Risk Behaviours in Forensic Inpatients'. This multi-site, cross-sectional study will investigate the relationship between experiences of shame, guilt, and risk behaviours (specifically violence, self-harm, and suicide), within a forensic population (specifically, an inpatient forensic mental health sample). Research has previously highlighted the influence of shame and guilt on factors related to risk and general recidivism. Theories suggest that shame and guilt exert distinct causal influences on engagement in risk behaviours, including violence, self-harm, and suicide; despite this, research evidence to test these theories remains limited, especially within populations which disproportionately engage in risk behaviours (e.g., forensic populations). The present study will utilise a cross-sectional, correlational design to investigate the relationship between forensic inpatients' experiences of shame and guilt and their engagement in risk behaviours. This research will support the identification of potential criminogenic risk factors, and guide efforts to reduce risk and harm in forensic populations.
Validation of the Japanese version of Submissive Behaviour Scale and its relation to depressive-cognitive characteristics.
Authors: Masuyama Akihiro
Published: April 2024

Background: This study sought to validate the Japanese version of the Submissive Behaviour Scale (SBS) and to explore the relationships between submissive behavior, depression, and depression-related cognitive characteristics in a Japanese population.Method: A sample of 499 participants was recruited through an online platform to complete the Japanese version of the SBS, Center for Epidemiologic Study for Depression Scale (CES-D), Social Comparison Scale (SCS), Rumination Response Scale (RRS), and Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ). Confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the scale's structure, while correlation analyses explored the associations between submissive behavior and other psychological variables.Result: The Japanese version of the SBS demonstrated strong reliability (α = .855) and a consistent single-factor structure, similar to its original version. Submissive behavior was significantly correlated with depressive symptoms (r = .527, p < .001) and subfactors of SCS (r < -.512, p < .001). The analysis also showed that submissive behavior was correlated with subscales of both rumination and emotional regulation strategies, indicating its pervasive impact on depression-related cognitive processes. Discussion: The findings affirm the validity of the Japanese version of the SBS and highlight the complex relationship between submissive behavior, depression, and cognitive characteristics related to depression within a Japanese context. The results bolster the applicability of the Social Rank Theory by demonstrating its relevance within the Japanese context. Furthermore, this research suggests that social defeat, as conceptualized in the Social Rank Theory, may precipitate not only submissive behavior but also influence cognitive processes related to depression.