bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toxicocinetic and Mechanisms of Action of Nanoparticles
Authors: Khelfi Abderrezak
Published: May 2021

Human exposure to nanoparticles has been dramatically increased in the past 25 years as a result of the rapidly developing field of nanotechnology. Many have recognized the importance of identifying potential effects on human health associated with the manufacture and use of these important technology. Many questions remain unanswered regarding the short- and long-term effect, systemic toxicity, and carcinogenicity. Engineered nanoparticles can be taken up by the human body via inhalation, ingestion, dermal uptake, and injection. They can reach the bloodstream and ultimately affect multiple body organs such as liver and spleen or even transcend the blood-brain barrier. Because of the huge diversity of materials used and the wide range in size of nanoparticles, these effects will vary a lot. Local and systemic adverse effects consist of primarily inflammatory reactions. Other observed effects include generation of reactive oxygen species and subsequent oxidative stress, disruption of proteins, DNA, mitochondria and membrane structures, as well as changes in cell signaling pathways.
One Pot Synthesis of CoTiO3-TiO2 Composite Nanofibers and its Application in Dye Degradation
Authors: Hassan M. Shamshi
Published: May 2021

CoTiO3-TiO2 composite nanofibrous photocatalysts were synthesized by means of the one-step electrospinning method. The samples were characterized by a range of different methods (XRD, SEM, EPMA, FT-IR, UV-DRS, and TEM). Photocatalytic activity was performed for the degradation of rhodamine 6G under visible light. The results showed that CoTiO3-TiO2 composite photocatalysts were successfully synthesized. The average sizes of the diameters of the composite nanofibers were found to be 300 to 400 nm. The UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectra of the CoTiO3-TiO2 composite showed an absorption wavelength, in the visible light region, having a band gap energy value of 2.21 eV. The CoTiO3-TiO2 composite showed higher photocatalytic efficiency than that of pristine TiO2; which can be attributed to the heterojunctional interaction between CoTiO3 and TiO2.
Effect of Different Types of PLA on the Properties of PLA/PBAT Blown Films
Authors: Pietrosanto Arianna , Scarfato Paola , Di Maio Luciano , Incarnato Loredana
Published: May 2021

In this work, blown films made by blends of poly (lactide) (PLA) and poly (butylene-adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) in a 40/60 mass ratio were developed and characterized. Two types of PLA, differing for their viscosities, were employed, in order to evaluate their effect on the morphology and on the mechanical properties of the films. The blends exhibited a coarse morphology when the viscosity of the PLA employed was much higher than PBAT. Instead, the use of a PLA whose viscosity was closer to PBAT led to a decrease of the dimensions and to a better distribution and interfacial adhesion of the dispersed phase. Moreover, the finer and more homogenous morphology of the blend resulted in better mechanical performance of the system.
Analysis of Micro Structure and the Resistivity of Cu / Ni Thin Coat as a Low Temperature Sensor Using Electroplating Method Assisted with Magnetic Field outside of the Ion Flow
Authors: Santi Winda Noor , Toifur Moh.
Published: May 2021

Preservation of materials using liquid nitrogen media has been widely used. One of them is used in the medical field, namely cryonic technology. Cryonics is a method of preservation at cold temperatures using a cryoprotectant in liquid nitrogen. To maintain the quality of the material, a sensor that can detect the temperature of liquid nitrogen is needed. Low temperature sensors with Cu and Ni based Resistance Temperature Detector with layers (RTD) have been made, but these sensors have a layer of Ni deposits that are not yet homogeneous. So quality improvement is needed by adding an external magnetic field. Based on this, the aim of this research is to synthesize a thin layer of Cu / Ni using electroplating method assisted by external magnets parallel to the ion currents
Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomic Approach in Juglans regia
Authors: Aiello Donatella
Published: May 2021

We proposed a MALDI mass spectrometry based approach to characterize walnut allergens. The strategy is based on the extraction of hydro-soluble tissue proteins followed by protein fractionation and mass-spectrometry analysis. Linear MALDI was adopted to evaluate the intact protein mass information and the presence of glycoproteins.
Design and Performance Test of Ozone-Plasma Hybrid Reactor for Phenol Waste
Authors: Luvita Veny , Bismo Setijo , Sugiarto Anto Tri
Published: May 2021

The research on phenolic compound degradation using chemical oxidation methods in a plasma reactor was performed with an Ozone-Plasma Hybrid Reactor (RHOP). This device operates by combining ozonation reactions in the liquid plasma within the reaction room. Furthermore, Ozone gas as a reagent is produced by the standard ozonator type Resun RSO-9805 made in Hong Kong and fed into this device, where the liquid phase is mixed within the injector. This way, the two-phase mixture reacts more intensively in RHOP. Also, this combination is designed to intensify hydroxyl radicals while the liquid phase is in an alkaline condition constantly exposed to plasma. The results demonstrated a continuous circulation for 2 hours at the initial concentration of 50 ppm for p-chlorophenol with a volume of 2 liters. This further obtained an 83.98% removal rate and 42.19% COD value decrease.
Shrinkage of Alginate Hydrogel Bioinks Potentially Used in 3D Bioprinting Technology
Authors: Łabowska Magdalena Beata , Jankowska Agnieszka Maria , Michalak Izabela , Detyna Jerzy
Published: May 2021

Hydrogels are cross-linked polymeric structures, which consist of up to approximately 90% water, the remainder is polymer chain. Retention of large volumes of water in the intermolecular space is related to the presence of hydrophilic functional groups in the network. The unique hydrogels properties, such as porosity, and biological and mechanical properties, make them suitable for a wide range of applications, especially in the medical sector. Furthermore, ease of modification and good printability are expected in 3D bioprinting technologies. Nevertheless, to maintain their structure and softness, hydrogels must be stored in suitable conditions to prevent water vaporization. The water removal from the hydrogel network results in weight reduction, structural and volumetric changes. It is a considerable challenge for the printouts manufactured by 3D bioprinting technology, where hydrogel products are exposed to drying during the production process, which may affect their shape change and shrinkage. The paper presents a crosslinking process of a hydrogel-based on sodium alginate and the shrinkage of dried hydrogels depending on the crosslinking procedure. An investigation focused on the alginate hydrogel water content, as well as shrinkage of alginate hydrogel degree depending on the concentration of the cross-linking (CaCl2) solution and the duration of the process. For longer cross-linking time or using higher cross-linking agent concentration, the cross-linking was more efficient. However, it is necessary to optimize the parameters for the bioprinting process.
Analysis of Biodegradable Solid-State Filter Using Voltage Peak Analysis
Authors: Emetere Moses E. , Afolalu S.A. , Adedayo T.O.C.
Published: May 2021

There is the need for the use of biodegradable optical filters. This concept of this work is to solve the problems of electronic waste and enhance spectra filtering in photovoltaic (PV) module. The extract of the Ixora plant was used for this experiment. The extract was doped with 0.05 m of copper. The voltage peak analysis (VPA) was used to analyze the chemical stability of the filter. It was observed that the filter was chemically stable at certain time of the day due to temperature variations on the PV module.
Electroresistance Effect due to Mo Substitution at Mn-Site in Monovalent Doped La0.85Ag0.15Mn1-xMoxO3 (x = 0.00 and 0.05) Manganites
Authors: Mohd Sabri Muhammad Syazwan , Che Apandi Nur Ain Athirah , Ibrahim Norazila
Published: May 2021

The electroresistance, ER effect of La0.85Ag0.15Mn1-xMoxO3 (x = 0.00 and 0.05) samples prepared using solid method are investigated. The increased of applied current from 5 mA to 10 mA does not change the metal-insulator transition temperature, TMI for both samples however decreased the resistivity in the temperature region of 50 K – 300 K. Both samples exhibit large ER effect at low temperature region. At TMI, the ER value is 75.5% (x =0) and decrease to 34.15% (x = 0.05). However, at 300 K, the value of ER increases to 57 % for Mo substituted sample, and the value decreases to 6.4% for the x =0 sample. The enhanced ER effect at 300 K may be due to the growth of conductive filaments under increased applied current. The increase of applied current may perturb the arrangement of magnetic inhomogeneity induced by Mo substitution, result in reduction of resistivity and lead to the observation of ER effect. These findings suggest potential application of La0.85Ag0.15Mn1-xMoxO3 (x = 0.05) in spintronic devices.
Microwave Absorption Properties of Monovalent Doped La0.85Ag0.15MnO3 Manganites Prepared by Solid State Method
Authors: Che Apandi Nur Ain Athirah , Ibrahim Norazila , Awang Zaiki , Azis Ra'ba'ah Syahidah , Mustaffa Muhammad Syazwan , Yahya Ahmad Kamal
Published: May 2021

The microwave absorption properties of La0.85Ag0.15MnO3 prepared by solid state method was investigated. Analysis of X-ray diffraction data using a refinement technique confirmed the rhombohedral structure of the samples. The microstructure of the sample characterised from field emission scanning electron microscope micrographs showed irregular grain shapes with grain sizes ranging from 800 to 1500 nm. M-H curves revealed the weak ferromagnetic properties of the sample at room temperature. The real and imaginary parts of permittivity and permeability as well as microwave reflection loss were measured by a vector network analyser in the 8–18 GHz frequency range. The La0.85Ag0.15MnO3 sample showed a minimum reflection loss of –57.2 dB at 16.41 GHz, with a –10dB bandwidth (corresponding to reflection loss below –10 dB, or 90% absorption) of 2.67 GHz. The microwave absorption of La­­­­0.85Ag0.15MnO3 mainly arises from the conduction loss and domain wall motion which contributed to dielectric loss and magnetic loss, respectively.
Band Structure and Thermoelectric Properties of Ni(x)Zn(1-x)Fe2O4
Authors: Lim Joon Hoong
Published: May 2021

Thermoelectric materials has made a great potential in sustainable energy industries, which enable the energy conversion from heat to electricity. The band structure and thermoelectric properties of Ni(x)Zn(1-x)Fe2O4 have been investigated. The bulk pellets were prepared from analytical grade ZnO, NiO and Fe2O3 powder using solid-state method. It was possible to obtain high thermoelectric properties of Ni(x)Zn(1-x)Fe2O4 by controlling the ratios of dopants and the sintering temperature. XRD analysis showed that the fabricated samples have a single phase formation of cubic spinel structure. The thermoelectric properties of Ni(x)Zn(1-x)Fe2O4 pellets improved with increasing Ni. The electrical conductivity of Ni(x)Zn(1-x)Fe2O4 pellets decreased with increasing Ni content. The electrical conductivity of Ni(x)Zn(1-x)Fe2O4 (x = 0.0) is (0.515 x10-3 Scm-1). The band structure shows that ZnxCu1-xFe2O4 is an indirect band gap material with the valence band maximum (VBM) at M and conduction band minimum (CBM) at A. The band gap of Ni(x)Zn(1-x)Fe2O4 increased with increasing Ni content. The increasing band gap correlated with the lower electrical conductivity. The thermal conductivity of Ni(x)Zn(1-x)Fe2O4 pellets decreased with increasing Ni content. The presence of Ni served to decrease thermal conductivity by 8 Wm-1K-1 over pure samples. The magnitude of the Seebeck coefficient for Ni(x)Zn(1-x)Fe2O4 pellets increased with increasing amounts of Ni. The figure of merit for Ni(x)Zn(1-x)Fe2O4 pellets and thin films was improved by increasing Ni due to its high Seebeck coefficient and low thermal conductivity.
Effect of Fe3+ Partial Substitution at Mn-Site on Electroresistance Behaviour in La0.7Ba0.3Mn1-xFexO3 (x = 0 and 0.02) Manganites
Authors: Sazali Muhammad Suffian , Ibrahim Norazila , Mohamed Zakiah , Rajmi Rozilah , Yahya Ahmad Kamal
Published: May 2021

La0.7Ba0.3Mn1-xFexO3 (x = 0 and 0.02) were prepared by using solid state synthesis method to investigate the effect of Fe3+ substitution at Mn-site on electrical behaviour and structural properties. An analysis of X-ray diffraction, XRD data using refinement method shown both x = 0 and x = 0.02 samples were in single phased and crystallized in rhombohedral structural with Pnma space group. From ρ vs T curves shown resistivity decreased under increased of applied current of 10 mA to 20 mA for both samples in the temperature range of 20 K-300 K. The larger electroresistance, ER effect observed for x = 0.02 in temperature range of 20 K – 180 K compared to x = 0 sample is suggested due to the development of filamentary conduction path under increased of applied current. It is suggested that Fe substitution enhanced magnetic inhomogeneity which contribute to the growth of formation of conductive path under increased of applied current, lead to increase of ER effect. In the temperature range of 180 K – 300 K, the observed decreased in ER for Fe substituted sample (x = 0.02) is suggested due to the increased of scattering effect and reduction of available hopping site in metallic region and insulating region, respectively. Restriction in the movement of charge carrier had weakened the ER effect for Fe substituted sample. The observed ER effect indicates the compound has a potential for application such as for non-volatile memory elements.
Enhancement of Heat Ageing Properties of Epoxidised Natural Rubber Blend
Authors: Kamal Mazlina Mustafa
Published: May 2021

In recent years, automotive hose and belt specifications have changed, requiring longer product life in terms of swelling, wear and heat ageing. Diene-based rubbers, such as natural rubber (NR) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), have been widely used in diverse industries. However, some apparent defects such as limited ageing resistance and large compression set, have been demonstrated in some rubbers cured by sulfur or peroxides. In the making of general and industrial rubber goods, short production and sufficient scorch time is crucial especially by using an injection moulding. In this work, blend of Epoxidised Natural Rubber (ENR 25) and Butadiene was developed with two types of curing systems namely Conventional and Efficient Vulcanisation system. The aim of the study is to produce a satisfactory heat resistance rubber compounds and adequate process safety for rubber manufacturing. Results showed that curing system applied significantly affected thermal stability property of the compounds. Modulus and hardness of the blends appeared to decrease progressively with ageing. However, greater thermal stability especially ageing at 100°C for 200h was observed with compound containing efficient curing system compared to conventional curing system which corresponded to the cross link density attributed by the torque value and dynamic mechanical analysis. The results on stiffness however was effected by the curing system applied. The influence of cure temperature on the chemical crosslink density on both cure systems are being investigated. The network results will be correlated with the technical properties.
Purification on Kappa Carrageenan by Re-Precipitation Technique
Authors: Shrgawi Norsyabila , Shamsudin Intan Juliana , Hanibah Hussein , Mohd Noor Siti Aminah , Kasim Norherdawati
Published: May 2021

Purification on kappa (ƙ) carrageenan was performed by dissolving ƙ-carrageenan powder in distilled water and re-precipitated with ethanol and n-hexane separately during re-precipitation process. The purified kappa carrageenan was analyzed by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur (CHNS) elemental analysis. The outcomes from FTIR showed there are physical changes due to intermolecular interactions which lead to decrease and lower intensity of hydroxyl band at 3345 cm-1 after re-precipitated with n-hexane, compared to re-precipitation with ethanol and unpurified ƙ-carrageenan. There were variations observed in the percentages of C, H and S in the CHNS analysis between unpurified and purified ƙ-carrageenan. The successfully purified ƙ-carrageenan are suitable to be used for further application.
Thermomechanical Study and Thermal Behavior of Plasticized Poly(Lactic Acid) Nanocomposites
Authors: Zorah Mohammed , Mustapa Izan Roshawaty , Daud Norlinda , Jumah Nahida , Sudin Nur Ain Syafiqah , Majhool Alhussein , Mahmoudi Ebrahim
Published: May 2021

Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) is a useful alternative to petrochemical commodity material used in such as in food packaging industries. Due to its inherent brittleness, low thermal stability, and poor crystallization, it needs to improve its properties, namely in terms of thermal and mechanical performance. The plasticized PLA composites reinforced with nanofiller were prepared by solvent casting and hot press methods. Thermal and mechanical properties, as well as the crystallinity study of these nanocomposites, were investigated to study the effect of tributyl citrate (TBC) and TiO2 on the PLA composites. The addition of TBC improved the flexibility and crystallinity of the composites. Reinforcement of TiO2 was found as a practical approach to improve the mechanical properties, thermal stability, and enhanced crystalline ability for plasticized PLA nanocomposites. Based on the results achieved in this study, the composite with 3.5% nanofiller (pPLATi3.5) presented the optimum set of mechanical properties and improved thermal stability.
Acoustic Performance Mixture of Natural Fibres of Oil Palm Frond (OPF) and Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB)
Authors: Chandran Mageswaran Ravi , Sheng Ewe Lay , Kean Yew Weng , Nasir Mohammad Nazhan , Ibrahim Zawawi
Published: May 2021

The expansion of the oil palm industry has affected the environment and the poor handling of oil palm waste has greatly endangered the habitat surrounds it. The oil palm natural fibre waste can be put to good use and used as a sound absorber for its amazing acoustic properties. At the same time, the demand for natural fibre sound-absorbing panels is increasing due to its low-cost fabrication and its healthier than synthetic fibre. This research has studied the acoustic properties of mixing Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) and Oil Palm Frond (OPF) in a thickness of 12 mm, 14 mm, 16 mm, and 18 mm. The fibreboard has been fabricated at a density of 120 kg/m3. The Sound Absorption Coefficient, SAC, and morphologies of all the samples were examined using the Impedance Tube Method (ITM) and Scanning Electron Microscope, (SEM). The sample’s SAC value increased with thickness. It is noteworthy that this combination percentage of natural fibres of EFB and OPF show good acoustic performance where the SAC values above 0.8 at wide frequency 3000 - 6400 Hz. Sample thickness 14 mm, 18 mm achieved unity (1.0) at frequency 4000 - 5500 Hz. In addition, all the samples were found to exceed 90 % of the absorption rate in the range of 4500 - 6400 Hz. The morphology content of EFB and OPF helps in enhancing the absorption rate.
Ab Initio Study on Structural Properties of NaFeSO4OH Cathode Material for Rechargeable Sodium Ion Battery
Authors: Idrus Aqeel , Badrudin Fadhlul Wafi , Taib Mohamad Fariz Mohamad , Hassan Oskar Hasdinor , Marwan Bin Ali Abdul Malik , Yahya Muhd Zu Azhan
Published: May 2021

Layered lithium iron hydroxysulfate, LiFeSO4OH was recently proposed as a cathode material for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) made up of low cost and sustainable components. Here, we report ab-initio investigation into the structural properties of its sodium analogue, NaFeSO4OH obtained from in-situ substitution of lithium (Li) with sodium (Na). A robust host structure for NaFeSO4OH was discovered owing to strong Fe-O and S-O bonds, a good indicator for thermal stability and long cycle life. The Na ions are strongly held by the oxygen atoms, but the charge density map proves that the bond between the two is still ionic.
Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/ N-Methylene Phosphonic Chitosan/ 2-Hydroxyethylammonium Formate (PVA/NMPC/2-HEAF) Membrane for Fuel Cell Application
Authors: Mohd Noor Siti Aminah , Tian Khoon Lee , Su'ait Mohd Sukor , Yook Peng Siow , Loh Kee Shyuan , Ahmad Azizan
Published: May 2021

The cost of conventional membrane, Nafion® used in the current proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is high. Thus different alternatives are being proposed as an option of Nafion® membrane in PEMFC application. In this study, poly(vinyl alcohol)/ N-methylene phosphonic chitosan/ 2-hydroxyethylammonium formate (PVA/NMPC/2-HEAF) proton exchange membrane was prepared using the solution casting technique. The effects of 2-HEAF concentrations (0 – 20 wt.%) on crosslinked and non-crosslinked PVA/NMPC/2-HEAF membrane were studied. The characterizations of PVA/NMPC/2-HEAF membrane were done by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), water uptake test, ion exchange capacity (IEC) analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The crosslinkages (-O-CH2-O-) formed using formaldehyde crosslinking agent were confirmed through the formation of new peak by –CH2- stretching at around 2863 cm-1 and the increased intensity of C-O stretching absorption. Crosslinked PVA/NMPC/5 wt.% 2-HEAF membrane showed the highest percentage of water uptake and IEC value. The EIS result agrees with the water uptake and IEC analysis where crosslinked PVA/NMPC/5 wt.% 2-HEAF showed the highest ionic conductivity of 5.44 × 10-5 S cm-1. This is due to the plasticization effect of 2-HEAF that softened the polymer chains and which it also provided more charge carriers to increase the ion mobility in the membrane.
Effect of pH and Immersion Time on the Corrosion Protection of SDBS:ZnSO4 Pretreated Mild Steel in Sodium Chloride Solution
Authors: Ismail Ismaliza , Harun Mohamad Kamal , Yahya Muhd Zu Azhan
Published: May 2021

In this study, mild steel was treated with SDBS:ZnSO4 compound by immersing the mild steel substrates in a SDBS:ZnSO4 bath of varying pH. The effect of bath solution pH and immersion time on the corrosion protection properties of SDBS:ZnSO4 pre-treated mild steel in sodium chloride solution was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and polarization measurements. From the EIS results, it was found that the inhibition efficiency provided by the pre-treatment was significantly affected by the pH of the bath solution, where inhibition was highest at pH 6. This is due to the formation of a good protective layer on mild steel substrate caused by the deposition of zinc hydroxide/oxide and SDBS compound. Increasing the immersion time from 1 h to 24 h increased the inhibition efficiency. From the polarization measurements, the current density was significantly reduced, and the shift to a more positive corrosion potential value indicated a higher protection layer was formed on the metal surface during more prolonged immersion. It has been found that longer pre-treatment immersion time allows a denser protective layer formed, which prevented the diffusion of water towards the mild steel substrate that can lead to corrosion.
Effect of Cooling Rate on the Volume Fractions of the Constituent Phases of the Tempcore Steel Rebars
Authors: El-Fawkhry Mohamed Kamal , Fathy Ayman Mohamed , El-Sherbiny Ahmed
Published: May 2021

Tempcore process considers the widest process that is being used in the production of reinforced steel rebar. The normal tempcore process is fundamentally dependent on the amount of latent heat in the core of the steel rebar, and the cooling rate of the rebar cross-section. Cooled water box and the cooling bed have a powerful effect on the cooling rate of the steel rebar. This research has been designed to monitor the continuous cooling transformation CCT diagram of steel rebar with different two contents of residual elements. Moreover, the effect of the cooling bed’s conditions has been simulated to identify the effect of cooling rate at the cooling bed step on the microstructure, as well as the hardness value of the produced steel rebar. It was found that the cooling rate at the cooling bed step has a great powerful effect on the produced steel rebar in term of bainite phase increment, and the hardness value as well.
Compressibility Characteristics of Peat Soil Treated with MUF-P Resin
Authors: Mohd Daud Mohd Nazrin , Nik Daud Nik Norsyahariati
Published: May 2021

Peat is commonly described as a soil that is possess to high rate of compressibility due to present of high organic substance derived from plant origins. Peat soil naturally associated with settlement and consolidation characterized by its high initial void ratio, organic content and water holding capacity. This paper presents the performance of peat soil treated with powdered melamine urea formaldehyde resin (MUF-P) in term of compression and consolidation behaviour under standard compressibility test. In this study, series of one-dimensional oedometer test were carried out with the load increment method from 12.5 to 400 kPa after 24 hours of each loading. Peat soils under high moisture condition were mixed with MUF-P within 3 days of stipulated periods of curing times. The results indicate that increasing the MUF-P proportion has improved the compressibility characteristics of peat soil. The result shows the values of compression index (Cc) decreased from 4.12 to 0.9, and secondary compression index (Cα) were also decreased from the range of 0.026 to 0.320 to the range of 0.080 to 0.161 with the increase of peat MUF-P proportions up to maximum 350 kg/m3.
The Optical Performance of Holmium Oxide Doped Tellurite Glass for Potential Optical Fiber
Authors: Abd Azis Muhammad Noorazlan , Kamari Halimah Mohamed , Suriani Abu Bakar , Yahya Azlina , Aliyu Umar Saad
Published: May 2021

Borotellurite glass had been widely applied in the field of optical communications and devices. In this work, holmium oxides doped borotellurite glass had been successfully fabricated via conventional melt-quenched technique. The structural properties of holmium doped tellurite glass were found using x-ray diffraction (XRD) method. The nonexistence of sharp peaks in XRD pattern shows that the inclusion of holmium tellurite glass leads to the formation long range of disorderness. The optical properties of the glass system such as refractive index and optical band gap energy are investigated using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The value of refractive index is found in nonlinear trend along with holmium oxides concentration. It is found that the refractive index is more than 2 at 0.01, 0.03 and 0.04 of holmium concentrations. The optical band gap energy was found in similar trend with refractive index which is in nonlinear pattern.
Virtual Reality Camera Technology Facilitates Sampling of Interactions Between Reef Piscivores and Prey
Authors: Auster Peter J. , Giacalone Lissa
Published: May 2021

AbstractPredation is an important process influencing the structure of fish communities. There are multiple approaches used to quantify predatory interactions, and all approaches are beneficial but have their limitations. For example, food habit studies only represent results of successful predation events, direct observations by divers are time limited by both depth and temperature as well as observer effects, acoustic approaches cannot directly identify species, and video has field-of-view constraints when using standard cameras. While no approach is without constraints, the recent availability of small off-the-shelf virtual reality (VR) video cameras that can be used in marine environments offers a more spatially comprehensive field-of-view for conducting studies of community composition and species interactions both on the seafloor and in the overlying water column. Here, we demonstrate an approach for collection and analysis of data from stationary VR video to quantify predator-prey interactions at subtropical reefs in Gray’s Reef National Marine Sanctuary (NW Atlantic). This approach does not substitute for other widely used census and behavioral research approaches but augments those with unique analytical products and interpretation.
Research on Pressure-Retaining Performance of Transfer Device for Abyssal Sediments
Authors: Xiao Jing , Chen Jiawang , Ruan Dongrui , Huang Yue , Fang Yuping , Fang Jiasong , Zhang Dahai , Lin Yuan
Published: May 2021

Abstract In order to retain the activity of microorganisms from abyssal sediment samples, this paper proposes the first device that can be used for the pressure-retaining transfer of seabed sediment samples. The device can transfer sediment from the sampler to the sample
processing container and maintain the in-situ pressure of the sample, with the maximum pressure up to 100 MPa. The sample is stirred in the lower cavity of the transfer container and divided into the culture container by pressure difference control. In order to maintain the internal pressure
of the device, a pressure stabilization system was designed, and a self-designed conical seal and right-angle combined seal were proposed. The high-pressure test is carried out through the experimental platform, the pressure is maintained for 1.5 h, and the pressure is actively reduced to
verify the stability of the pressure stabilization system. The experimental results show that the pressure-retaining performance of the device can meet the transfer of 10,000 m of seabed sediment samples.
Design of a Cabled Seafloor Observatory for Marine Ecological Environment Monitoring
Authors: Li Chao , Li Yan , Zhu Rui , Song Yu-ze , Yang Lei
Published: May 2021

Abstract Cabled seafloor in-situ observation systems have drawn much attention in recent years for their capability of facilitating long-term all-weather deep-sea data-intense marine observations. The Penglai in-situ seafloor observation system for ecological environment
monitoring is proposed in this paper. The current system consists of an on-shore station, a primary node, and two secondary nodes, but more nodes can be hosted due to its scalability. A looped backbone network connects the on-shore station and primary nodes. Each primary node can host up to
four secondary nodes, and each secondary node can host up to eight different sensors. Marine observation data and system work state data are collected and backed up by the on-shore station in a real-time manner. Users can access the ocean observation data via a web page interface. The proposed
system has been deployed for more than half a year and will continue to work after that. The field experiment showed that the proposed system worked smoothly in system state monitoring and marine data acquisition. A large amount of oceanographic data with videos has been achieved for future
studies.
A Subsea Winched Profiling System (SWIPS) for Long-Term High-Resolution Measurements in Ocean Surface Layers
Authors: Lochthofen Normen , Frommhold Lennard , Ludszuweit Janine , Soltwedel Thomas
Published: May 2021

Abstract To overcome the lack of year-long profiling data of upper ocean layers, an autonomous Subsea Winched Profiling System (SWIPS) was developed at the German Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI), Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research. Mounted on the top of a scientific
mooring, the SWIPS can winch a profiling unit equipped with various sensors from 200-m water depth to the surface. The entire construction was deliberately designed to be compact and lightweight in order to simplify handling and improve performance in the water. Profiler and winch units are
connected by an electro-mechanical cable, which is used for a communication link between these two components. This connection enables the main control electronics to use pressure recordings from the conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) sensor for controlling the depth of the profiling
unit in real time and a storage of the measured data in the winch unit as a safety backup. Moreover, the cable supplies the profiling unit with power from batteries stored in the winch unit. Several tests and demonstration deployments have shown the operational readiness of the system.
RS3PE and the role of ultrasound. A case report and brief review of the literature
Authors: Romano Mariaeva , Sirotti Silvia , Filippou Georgios , Sarzi-Puttini Piercarlo
Published: May 2021

Remitting seronegative symmetric synovitis with pitting edema (RS3PE) is a rare syndrome characterised by acute onset of symmetrical distal synovitis and tenosynovitis, associated with severe pitting edema of the dorsum of the hands and feet, seronegativity for autoimmunity and dramatic response to glucocorticoids. First described by McCarty et al. in 1985, RS3PE is reported mostly in elderly males, but it can also rarely occur in young people. Although it was initially regarded as a form of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), it is now considered a clinical distinct entity that can be associated with other rheumatologic conditions or be secondary to underlying diseases, such as cancer. As revealed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the typical landmark of RS3PE is extensor tenosynovitis. Due to extensive subcutaneous edema of the extremities, the clinical assessment of synovitis and tenosynovitis is difficult. On the other hand, the use of MRI is expensive, time-consuming and requires experienced staffs. Musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) may be a viable, reliable and cost-effective tool for evaluation of RS3PE patients. We hereby report the case of an 84 year-old woman presenting with bilateral hand and wrist swelling and morning stiffness. Clinical examination, laboratory tests and imaging led to a diagnosis of RS3PE. The aim of this report is to discuss the role of MSUS in RS3PE for the purpose of diagnosis and differential diagnosis compared with other rheumatologic conditions.
Report 2020 on plant biodiversity in Italy: native and alien vascular flora
Authors: Bartolucci Fabrizio , Galasso Gabriele , Peruzzi Lorenzo , Conti Fabio
Published: May 2021

This paper provides an updated overview, based on nomenclatural, taxonomical and distribution data, on the native and alien vascular flora of Italy, with details on the occurrence at national and regional administrative level. Recently described taxa occurring in Italy, which were not included in the checklists published in 2018, are listed. The list of extinct or possibly extinct native taxa and that of alien taxa of EU concern are updated.
High School Sport Specialization and Injury in Collegiate Club-Sport Athletes
Authors: Biese Kevin M. , Winans Madeline , Fenton Amanda N. , Hernandez Mayrena , Schaefer Daniel A. , Bell David R.
Published: May 2021

Context

Sport specialization during adolescence may affect future injury risk. This association has been demonstrated in some professional sport athletes.

Objective

To determine the association between adolescent sport specialization levels in high school and injuries sustained during collegiate club sports.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Paper and online surveys.

Patients or Other Participants

Collegiate club-sport athletes.

Main Outcome Measures(s)

An anonymous survey was administered from September 2019 to May 2020. The survey included sport specialization classification via a commonly used 3-point scale (low, moderate, high) for each high school year (9th–12th), high school sports participation, and collegiate club-sport injury history. The number of years (0–4) an individual was highly specialized in high school was calculated. Individuals who participated in the same sport in high school and college were compared with individuals who played a different sport in college than in high school. An injury related to sport club activities was classified as arising from a contact, noncontact, or overuse mechanism required and the individual to seek medical treatment or diagnosis. Injuries were classified into overuse and acute mechanisms for the upper extremity, lower extremity (LE), and head/neck.

Results

Single-sport participation and the number of years highly specialized in high school sport were not associated with college club-sport injuries (P > .1). Individuals who played a different collegiate club sport than their high school sport were more likely to report an LE or head/neck acute injury compared with athletes who played the same collegiate and high school sport (LE = 20% versus 8%, χ2 = 7.4, P = .006; head/neck = 16% versus 3%, χ2 = 19.4, P < .001).

Conclusions

Adolescent sport specialization was not associated with reported injuries in collegiate club-sport athletes. Collegiate club-sport athletic trainers should be aware that incoming students exploring a new sport may be at risk for LE and head/neck acute injuries.
On homotopy nilpotency of loop spaces of Moore spaces
Authors: Golasiński Marek
Published: May 2021

Let
$M(A,n)$
be the Moore space of type
$(A,n)$
for an Abelian group A and
$n\ge 2$
. We show that the loop space
$\Omega (M(A,n))$
is homotopy nilpotent if and only if A is a subgroup of the additive group
$\mathbb {Q}$
of the field of rationals. Homotopy nilpotency of loop spaces
$\Omega (M(A,1))$
is discussed as well.
Structural Pounding between Adjacent Buildngs during Earthquakes
Authors: K Dada Hayath and Dr.C.Raja Ram
Published: May 2021

In India multi-storied buildings are usually constructed, due to high cost and scarcity of land inhabitant
places. In order to utilize maximum land area, buildings are constructed generally asymmetrical plan and
adjacent to each other. The reports after major earthquakes indicate that the earthquake induced pounding
between insufficiently separated buildings may lead to significant damage or even total collapse of structure.
This paper examines the collision between adjacent reinforced concrete (RC) buildings under earth- quakes.
In this study, two buildings with equal heights, unequal heights are analyzed. To understand torsional
behaviour of buildings due to pounding, torsional pounding effect is also considered. To per- form the above
cases, the buildings are modeled in standard structural software (SAP2000). For the purpose of study, time
history analysis is used. The results are shown in terms of pounding responses, acceleration response and
pounding forces.
ASPEK HUMOR DALAM AKUN INSTAGRAM @NUGARISLUCU DAN IMPLIKASINYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI SMA
Authors: Srikandini Ayuningtias , Putwanto Burhan Eko , Riyanto Agus
Published: May 2021

Abstrak

Perkembangan teknologi internet yang terus mengalir dan tidak terbendung sebagai inovasi dalam dakwah atau menyebarkan informasi yang mengandung nilai-nilai agama dapat dikatakan efektif. Penyampaian dalam proses dakwah itu terdapat berbagai macam teknik yang dapat dilakukan oleh penceramah agar pesan yang dibawakan dapat tersampaikan dengan baik oleh penceramah, salah satunya adalah humor pada postingan instagram. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apa saja aspek humor pada postingan akun instagram @nugarislucu dan implikasinya dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia di SMA. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, sumber data penelitian yaitu akun instagram @nugarislurus. Wujud data yaitu penggalan wacana dan kalimat Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu teknik simak dan teknik catat. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 36 data yang mengandung aspek humor dalam postingan akun Instagram @nugarislucu bulan Maret dan Mei, antara lain affiliative humor sebanyak 6 postingan (16,67%), self-enhancing humor sebanyak 7 postingan (19,44%), aggresive humor sebanyak 17 postingan (47, 22%) dan self-defeating humor sebanyak 6 postingan (16,67%).

Kata kunci: humor, instagram dan pembalajaran bahasa.

Abstract

The development of internet technology that continues to flow and is unstoppable as innovation in propaganda or disseminating information that contains religious values ​​can be said to be effective. Submission of the preaching process and even then there are various kinds of techniques that can be carried out by the lecturer so that the message delivered can be conveyed well by the audience, one of which is humor on Instagram posts. This study aims to determine what aspects of humor on the Instagram account post @ nugarislucu and its implications in learning Indonesian in high school. This study uses a qualitative approach, the source of research data is the Instagram account @ugarislurus. The data form is a fragment of discourse and sentences Data collection techniques are listening techniques and note taking techniques. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive methods. The results obtained 36 data containing aspects of humor in Instagram @ nugarislucu Instagram posts in March and May, including 6 affiliative humor posts (16.67%), self-enhancing humor as many as 7 posts (19.44%), aggressive humor as many as 17 posts (47, 22%) and self-defeating humor as many as 6 posts (16.67%).

Keywords: humor, instagram and language learning.
ANALYSIS OF INTERLINGUAL ERRORS IN ENGLISH IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Kadek Adyatna Wedananta
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAK: This study analyzes such interlanguage errors in five private English students with low school grades. That is why some of these students' interlingual errors are easy to spot. The use of English must take place during a private course in English. This can happen from teacher to student or from student to teacher, or it can occur when certain written activities are completed by students. This study found evidence that English was still used at the Interlanguage (IL) level because although they used English, some students still had interlingual errors, such as the use of To Be, prepositions and adjectives / nouns, etc. This study also finds a technique by which teachers solve the interlingual error problem by using Drill method, which allows them to repeat the use of To Be, adjectives, etc.

Keywords: Second Language Acquisition, Interlingual Errors, Drill Method
ANALISIS KLAUSA YANG MENDUDUKI FUNGSI PREDIKAT PADA BERITA “PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI KUARTAL IV DIPREDIKSI MASIH MINUS, DAYA BELI MASYARAKAT KIAN BURUK”
Authors: Restu Aditia  , Asep Purwo Yudi Utomo
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai pengelompokkan klausa menurut frasa atau kategori kata yang memiliki fungsi P pada berita “Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Kuartal IV Diprediksi Masih Minus, Daya Beli Masyarakat Kian Buruk” di Radar Tegal. Atikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan mengenai penggolongan klausa dan memberikan contoh mengnai penggolongan klausa pada setiap kalimat yang ada pada berita tersebut. Metode deskriptif kuantitatif merupakan metode yang dipakai oleh penulis dalam penelitian ini. Penulis hanya membutuhkan waktu tiga hari untuk menganalisis teks berita tersebut dalam penelitian ini. Data pada penelitian ini berupa kata dan frasa terdapat pada salah satu berita yang ada di Radar Tegal. Kemudian data dianalisis berdasarkan kajian teori yang diperoleh. Dari analisis yang dilakukan, terdapat lima golongan pada klausa. Pada klausa nomina terdapat sepuluh kalimat, klausa verba terdapat dua belas kalimat, klausa sifat terdapat lima kalimat, klausa bilangan terdapat enam kalimat dan klausa depan terdapat lima kalimat. Artikel ini bermanfaat bagi pelajar khususnya bagi mahasiswa karena memberikan wawasan mengenai penggolongan klausa dan contoh pada setiap penggolongan klausa yang ada pada berita tersebut.

Kata Kunci: Klausa, Sintaksis, Radar Tegal, Bahasa Indonesia
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE COOPERATIVE INTEGRATED READING AND COMPOSITION DISELIPKAN TEKNIK ICE BREAKING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR SISWA KELAS III SD DWIJENDRA DENPASAR
Authors: Anita Adriyanti Ni Putu , Karang Widiastuti Ni Luh Gede , Edy Purnawijaya I Putu
Published: May 2021

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition Diselipkan Teknik Ice Breaking untuk meningkatkan aktivitas belajar siswa kelas III SD Dwijendra Denpasar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang terdiri dari 2 siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari observasi, perencanaan, pelaksanaan/tindakan dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas III SD Dwijendra Denpasar dengan jumlah siswa 24 orang yang terdiri dari 14 siswa perempuan dan 10 siswa laki-laki. Data mengenai aktivitas belajar diperoleh menggunakan metode observasi dengan instrumen yang berbentuk lembar observasi. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari persentase rata-rata aktivitas belajar yang diperoleh yaitu pada refleksi awal (prasiklus) rata-rata aktivitas belajar hanya mencapai 60,07% yang berada pada kategori “kurang aktif”. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dari siklus I sampai pada siklus ke II, aktivitas belajar berupa persentase rata-rata pada siklus I yaitu 68,24% yang berada pada kategori “cukup aktif”. Setelah diadakan perbaikan tindakan pada siklus II, rata-rata aktivitas belajar siswa semakin meningkat menjadi 80,14% yang berada pada kategori “aktif” sehingga terjadinya peningkatan persentase rata-rata aktivitas belajar siswa dari siklus I ke siklus II sebesar 11,90%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang telah dilaksanakan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition Diselipkan Teknik Ice Breaking dapat meningkatkan aktivitas belajar siswa kelas III SD Dwijendra Denpasar.

Kata kunci : Model Pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition, Teknik Ice Breaking, Aktivitas Belajar Siswa
Le préconstruit du vivre-ensemble dans l’espace discursif camerounais
Authors: AVODO AVODO JOSEPH
Published: May 2021

L’article décrit le préconstruit du vivre-ensemble dans l’espace discursif camerounais à partir de l’étude de quatre types de discours politique. L’analyse, qui repose sur l’hypothèse d’un continuum idéologique et se fonde sur le dialogisme discursif, révèle que la réitération du préconstruit à tous les niveaux de formulation étudiés aboutit à la stabilisation de l’idéologie du vivre-ensemble dans la mémoire collective. En construisant et diffusant l’idée d’une République unie, indivisible, démocratique et sociale, les réseaux de formulation et ceux lexico-sémantiques du vivre-ensemble suscitent en chaque citoyen·ne le sentiment d’appartenir à une même nation.
À chacun son dialogue national. Analyse multimodale du vidéoblogue « 03 minutes du peuple »
Authors: OUSMANOU MOHAMADOU
Published: May 2021

L’avènement du vidéoblogue comme mode de production de discours bouscule quelque peu la manière d’appréhender à la fois la production et la diffusion des discours. D’un point de vue linguistique, c’est prioritairement l’hétérogénéité et la multiplicité des ressources qui frappent. Cela témoigne de la complexité des phénomènes langagiers. Entre humour et satire sociale, les vidéoblogues constituent un ensemble de ressources sémiotiques de plus en plus populaires. L’intérêt d’un tel artefact pour la linguistique du développement réside dans les potentialités qu’il renferme et les possibilités qu’il offre pour l’appropriation des savoirs, la connaissance et l’appréhension des perceptions relatives à une communauté spécifique. Comment sont articulées les séquences du vidéoblogue de « 03 minutes du peuple »? Quels types de relation et quelles formes de transition lient les extraits de discours? Quelles ressources sémiotiques sont utilisées par le vidéaste? Quelles représentations se dégagent des discours diffusés? L’étude vise à montrer comment l’utilisation d’un artefact multimodal (vidéo) modifie de façon significative notre manière à la fois de produire et de construire du sens. Elle décrit comment le youtubeur adapte ses pratiques et cherche à susciter un intérêt auprès de son public, afin de construire et de représenter une identité dans un espace discursif où la créativité est très valorisée.