bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on growth, survival and intactness of sub-adult to adult mud crab aquaculture under low saline earthen pondsin the coastal areas of Bangladesh
Authors: RAHMAN MD. MOTIUR , RANJU MD. RIAZ MORSHED , ISLAM MD. LATIFUL
Published: September 2022

To assess the growth, survival and intactness of mud crabanexperiment was conducted for a period of 120 days from July to October 2021 in the farmers ponds of Betbunia village under Paikgacha upazilla at Khulna Districts, Bangladesh. The crab Juvenile was collected from adjacent Shibsha River and stocked in a pond of 0.01 ha area with the stocking density at 1 m2,2m2, 3 m2in T1,T2 and T3 treatments with 2 replications each. Fresh choppedtilapiafish was fed and the feed was adjusted periodically in accordance with the growth performance. Production and physico-chemical parameters were recorded and analyzed according to standard methodsduring the culture period. Among these parameters salinity has significant (p<0.05) role on survival of mud crab.After 120 days of rearing, obtained average final weight was 97.8±13.86g, 94.22±9.25gand 117.77±14.34g; with the estimated yield of 371.56 kg/ha, 433.12 kg/ha and 376.56 kg/ha, survival was 38%, 46% and 32% in T1, T2 and T3 treatments respectively.Results and findings of the present study suggested that poor salinity level and cannibalism is the potential constraints inthe growth, survival and intactness of mud crab aquaculturein the coastal areas of Bangladesh.
Measuring the Changes in Income Distribution of Pakistan
Authors: Abbas Touqeer , Sial Maqbool H.
Published: September 2022

A continuous rise in income inequality is a highly debated theme as many changes in the structure of income distribution have happened in Pakistan. This study explores the changes in income distribution during 1998-2018 in Pakistan. The study has used PIHS 1998-99 Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement survey data for 2007-08, and 2018-19, collected and administrated by the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS). Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition methodology is used for estimation. The findings of the study show that education and experience significantly increase the average income. Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition indicates that the wage gaps are; 0.172 between 1998-2007, -0.062 between 2007-2018, and 0.110 between 1998-2018, and significant at a 1% significance level. The wage gap was positive between 1998-2017 and 1998-2018, implying that the wage inequality increased in that period mainly due to the coefficient component, while the wage gap was negative between 2007-2018, showing the decrease in wage inequality due to the endowment component. Moreover, the endowment component of decomposition is negative for all years of interest and highly significant except for the wage gap during 1998-2007. The coefficients component is highly significant and positive for all the years, meaning that applying the coefficients of the labor force in 2007 and 2018 to the characteristics of the labor force in 1998. The interaction component is negative during 1998-2007 and 1998-2018 whereas positive during 2007-2018 and has a high p-value, except for 1998-2018. It is recommended that government policies should ensure an equitable distribution of income.
Parent-child communication and children's psychological well-being and self-concept.
Authors: Irani Delnaz , Singh Ashvika
Published: September 2022

During the developmental period of life, the environment in which they grow up and the degree of communication between parents and children both have an impact on how they establish their sense of self-concept and their wellbeing. The purpose of the current study is to assess the association between psychological wellbeing, self-concept, and parent-child communication. Data was collected from 120 participants using The Parent-Adolescent Communication Scale (PACS) by Barnes, H. L. (1982), The EPOCH Measure of Adolescent Well-being by Kern et al., 2016 and Self-concept scale (Robson, 1989). Results were analysed using Pearson correlation which suggests significant correlation was found between happiness and child communication (r=.485** N=120, p=0.00). Also, negative correlation between child communication and self-concept. However, no significant correlation was found between parent- child communication. Therefore, one possible explanation is that children might not want their parents to learn about their personal experiences initially.
HONOR KILLING IN SOPHOCLEAN TRILOGY: A HERMENEUTIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors:   Department of English, University of Sargodha, Sargodha Pakistan, Qasim Zareena , Bashir Bushra ,   Department of English, University of Sargodha, Sargodha Pakistan, Qasim Asifa ,   Department of English Language and Translation College of Arabic and Social Studies, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
Published: September 2022

This study explores the phenomenon of honor killing in Sophocles’ trilogy Oedipus Rex, Oedipus at Colonus, and Antigone. The study has been conducted by applying the Hermeneutics as theory of interpretations in order to understand the phenomenon of honor killing within the particular society of ancient Greece. Moreover, Foucault’s concept of power comes from everywhere has been employed for the purpose of understanding the way the power was exercised by the powerful groups. The study explores the way male members of the society exercised power over the weaker segments of the society especially on women, and how both the women Jocasta and Antigone became victim of honor-based violence and honor killing because of the power of the social patriarchal norms. The study has established that Jocasta had to commit suicide because she knew that society would not allow her to be a part of it. Antigone suffered honor killing because she had the audacity to stand with the truth, against the proclamations of the king that is not acceptable in the society as she apparently violated of the rules. This study is significant in the field of academics as well as research. The study will be helpful in the future for the researchers and the learners to explore Greek literature from multiple dimensions and to challenge a general perception that honor crimes are prevalent only in Asian countries. Keywords: Honor Killing, Hermeneutics, Power, Gender Power Structures, Oedipus Rex, Antigone, Honor-Based Violence
SOCIAL CONTEXT OF POST-CESAREAN STRESS MANAGEMENT BY YOUNG MOTHERS IN LAHORE
Authors:   Department of Sociology,  University of Management and Technology, Lahore Pakistan, Tariq Aneeqa , Raza Ahmad ,   Department of Sociology,  University of Management and Technology, Lahore Pakistan
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to highlight the experiences, of those young mothers who have experienced their first Cesarean surgery in Lahore. Using a qualitative research design, five in depth interviews are conducted with young mothers who underwent through their first cesarean. The study will help to promote social support, reinforcing positive approaches to coping and exploring solutions to cope with post-cesarean stress by young mothers. Grounded theory method is used. We developed deductive theoretical model through our literature review and inductive model after collecting data. Research has indicated that social support is a major buffer of stress after a cesarean. The results of this study suggest that identifying support needs and expectations of new mothers is important for mothers’ recovery after childbirth. Future stress prevention efforts should integrate a strong focus on social support (paternal support, spousal support). Keywords: Cesarean, Social support, Paternal support, Spousal support, Stress.
INTENTION TO LEAVE A JOB AMONG PUBLIC SECTOR UNIVERSITY TEACHERS: A CASE OF WORK ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Department of Sociology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan, Shoaib Muhammad , Mehmood Sajid ,   Department of Management Sciences, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan, Butt Sumaira Mukhtar ,   Department of Management Sciences, Bahria University Islamabad Pakistan
Published: September 2022

This article asserted the findings from the study of intention to leave a job at a public sector university among university teachers in terms of a bad work environment. It had been observed that several teachers had the intention to leave a job based on multiple interlinked factors. A cross-sectional survey had been conducted among 436 teachers from two public sector universities through a classified random sampling technique. A structured questionnaire had been developed and pretested from randomly selected 30 respondents. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) techniques had been employed. The study findings revealed that the intention to leave a job at a public sector university among university teachers had been linked with multiple factors including lack of physical facilities, lack of promotion and rewards, poor work conditions, bad attitude of co-workers, bad work cultures, and lack of well-being. Keywords: Attitude of Co-workers, Teachers Well-Being, Promotion and Rewards, Work Culture, Physical Facilities, Intention to Leave University.
SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS AFFECTING THE REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR OF NOMADS
Authors:   Department of Sociology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan, Ali Basharat , Niaz Asif ,   Department of Sociology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan, Zafar Muhammad Umer ,   Department of Sociology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Published: September 2022

This research is carried out among nomadic societies. The objectives of this research were to study socio economic characteristics of nomads, with main focus on explaining the socio cultural factors and their effects on the reproductive behaviors of nomadic communities. Researchers interviewed 150 nomads who were selected as sample by using Purposive sampling technique. “Life history theory” and “Malthus theory of population” are used as theoretical framework. Results showed that nomadic reproductive behavior is highly affected by socio cultural factors like illiteracy, son preference, early marriages, forced marriages, tribal customs, and lack of health care facilities. It is concluded that socio cultural factors are responsible for the poor reproductive behavior of nomads in Pakistan. Findings also indicated that number of reproductive complications occurred among pregnant nomadic women due to inadequate health facilities, socio-cultural and demographic barriers which restricted them to use maternity services Keywords Nomads, reproductive behavior, socio cultural factors, health, women
IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON OIL PRICES IN SOUTH ASIA: PANEL DATA ANALYSIS
Authors:   Department of Economics, Government SE Graduate College Bahawalpur Pakistan, Khan Aziz Ahmad , Noreen Sara ,   Department of Economics, Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur Pakistan, Farooq Mohammad ,   Department of Economics, Government SE Graduate College Bahawalpur Pakistan
Published: September 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has exerted an unprecedented impact on the oil prices across the globe and it is inevitable to capture the variations in oil prices caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The current study objects to explore the effect of COVID-19 on oil prices in South Asian countries (Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh) by applying the Fixed-Effect Model (FEM) to the panel data from January 2019 to June 2021. The study has applied the Levin-Lin Chu test, Hardri LM test, and Im-Pesaran-Shin test to check the stationary properties of the panel data. The study has also applied the diagnostic tests i.e. White test, the Breush-Pagan test, the Breush-Pagan LM test, the Durban-Watson test, and the Hausman test. The results of all diagnostic tests authenticate the estimates of the Fixed-Effect Model (FEM). Findings of the study exhibit that the COVID-19 pandemic, natural gas production, and oil demand exert a negative impact on the oil price, whereas, exchange rate and oil supply have a positive impact on oil prices in South Asian countries during the stipulated period. The study has suggested that the authorities of South Asian authorities should devise such type of policies that could defeat the COVID-19 pandemic to cope with the hike in oil prices. Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic; Oil Prices; Fixed-Effect-Model; South Asia.
CONSERVING WOODEN STRUCTURE OF NEELUM AND LEEPA VALLEY, KASHMIR
Authors:   Tourism & Hospitality Department, Foundation University School of Science and Technology, Islamabad Pakistan, Ullah Maseeh , Rehman Abdur ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Foundation University School of Science and Technology, Islamabad Pakistan, Bashir Junaid ,   Tourism & Hospitality Department, Foundation University School of Science and Technology, Islamabad Pakistan
Published: September 2022

Kashmir. One of its examples is the architecture of this region. Ancient Wooden Houses in different areas of Neelum valley and Neepa valley are slightly different with each other on style of construction, material, and engraved art motives. Some of the houses are more than centuries old and are fine example of culture and heritage of Kashmir. Mostly old houses are made of wood. These houses are different from each other in style and technique. A brief comparison of ancient houses of different regions will be done in this regard. Comparison includes architectural style, techniques, material, and motives related to art. It concludes that ancient houses of Kashmir need attention which is necessary for saving our culture and heritage. Keywords: Kashmir, Art of Woodwork, Neelum and Leepa Valley, Ancient Architecture, Culture Conservation.
INTERPERSONAL FACTORS OF BENEFICIARIES AFFECTING REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES OF LADY HEALTH WORKERS
Authors:   Department of Social Work, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore Pakistan, Din Nazia Salah ud , Jabeen Tahira ,   Department of Social Work, University of the Punjab, Lahore
Published: September 2022

Community Health Workers provide health care and social services to individuals in underserved regions all over the world. They are known as Lady Health Workers in Pakistan (LHWs). The purpose of this study was to investigate the interpersonal factors of beneficiaries affecting the utilization of LHWs’ services. The social ecology model served as the theoretical framework to explain the data acquired, and quantitative research technique was employed to attain the objective. The study included participants aged 15 to 49 years old from 398 families in the Lahore area, selected using a proportionate systematic random sample and using an interview schedule as a data gathering instrument. The study discovered that beneficiaries' interpersonal characteristics i.e. attitude of husband and mother-in-law towards LHWs are strongly linked to their use of reproductive health services offered by LHWs. Based on these findings, it is suggested that interpersonal factors of beneficiaries be considered while providing services by LHWs, so that the greatest number of women can benefit from reproductive health care offered by LHWs. Keywords: Community Health Workers, Lady Health Workers, Interpersonal Factors, Reproductive Health Services, District Lahore
OTHERNESS VS. UBUNTU: A POSITIVE DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF SPEECHES OF NELSON MANDELA
Authors:   Department of English, International Islamic University Islamabad Pakistan, Khurshid Nighat , Janjua Fauzia ,   Department of English, International Islamic University Islamabad Pakistan
Published: September 2022

Keeping in view that discourse is a tool to construct, reconstruct, challenge and deconstruct the ideologies, and is, thus, capable of bringing socio-political changes, the present study, qualitative and descriptive in nature, intends to conduct Positive Discourse Analysis on the inauguration speeches of Nelson Mandela, the first Black president of South Africa. Taking Van Dijk’s Ideological Square as a point of departure, we have explored that Mandela used different strategies i.e. inclusive use of pronouns, positive portrayal of opponents and skillful choice of positive lexical items to challenge the Western ideology of Otherness in the country to incorporate the African philosophy of Ubuntu in his discourse to persuade his multiple layered audience to work in collaboration to attain the goal of social cohesion. The study concludes that Mandela used discourse strategically to bridge the chasm between different races of South Africa and successfully preached the lofty principles of Ubuntu, thus, emerged on the local as well as the global socio-political scene as an icon of humanity, justice and peace. Key Words: Otherness, Ubuntu, White Supremacy, Apartheid, Positive Discourse Analysis, Ideological Square.
Investigating the Level of Mathematical Concepts Development in Pre-Primary Schools in Oredo Local Government Area
Authors: K. Imasuen , P.A. Modupe
Published: September 2022

Mathematics is the building blocks on which other subjects (mostly the sciences) are laid on. But many pupils find it very difficult to comprehend. More so, a good mastery of the concept of mathematics at the pre-primary level will form a solid background for the pupils when they proceed to the primary and secondary level. This has been the reason why mathematics is given prominence in the school curriculum and timetable. For some time now, there has been a growing concern over the poor teaching and learning of mathematics with the resultant - poor and falling standard in secondary school student performance in mathematics. These failures may be caused by the little or no development of early childhood mathematics in schools. This study, therefore, investigates the level of mathematics concepts development of pre-primary school pupils in Oredo local government area of Edo state. The descriptive survey method was adopted, and the population comprises all public and private pre-primary school pupils and teachers in Benin Metropolis. Three hundred pupils and sixty teachers from thirty public and thirty private pre-primary schools in Oredo local government area were randomly sampled. The mathematics competency test was the instrument for data collection. The instrument was validated and the Kuder-Richardson reliability was estimated and it gave a value of 0.76. The data were analyzed using mean. The hypotheses were tested using the independent sample t -test. All the hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that the development of mathematical concepts by pre-primary school pupils was moderate; and that a significant difference existed between male and female pupils, between public and private school pupils, and between pupils in rural and urban pre-primary schools. Considering the results of the study, provision of physical, instructional, learning, and human resources that will enhance pupils’ development of mathematical concepts was recommended.
Assessing Score Dependability of West Africa Examination Council (WAEC) 2019 Mathematics Objective Test Using Generalisability Theory
Authors: K. Imasuen , O.E. Stanley
Published: September 2022

This study investigated score dependability in the 2019 West Africa Examination Council (WAEC) Senior Secondary School examination using the generalisability theory. The study was specifically concerned with identifying and analysing the score dependability of the Senior Secondary School 2019 WAEC mathematics objective examination using generalisability theory, and determining the highest contribution of facets: students, items and teachers to score dependability. Two research questions were raised to guide the study. The study was a survey which adopted a random effect two-facet fully crossed s×r×i design for generalisability (G) and decision (D) studies. The population consisted of fifty-six thousand, seven hundred and ninety-seven (5697) Senior Secondary three (SS3) students in the seventy-five (75) public secondary schools in Benin Metropolis for the 2019/2020 academic session. The instrument for data collection was a fifty (50) multiple choice WAEC, Mathematics 2019 examination. The instrument had been validated by the West African Examination Council (WAEC). The reliability of the items was ascertained using the Kuder – Richardson 20 (KR 20) to obtain internal consistency. It gave a value of 0.92. Data collected were analysed using the software EduG version 6.0-e based on analysis of variance (ANOVA) and generalisability. The findings which emerged from the study were the highest effects to score dependability in examination came from the interaction of students and teachers, an index of dependability (∅)of 0.92 high enough to maximise reliability was observed only when the teachers were increased to 78. Based on the findings, it was recommended that generalisability analysis should be carried out by researchers, test developers and examination bodies so as to reduce or eliminate measurement error and hence maximise reliability, and there should be enough invigilators when conducting examinations, thereby minimising error and maximising reliability (dependability) of examination scores.
The Effect of Biocatalysts on the Extraction of Tea Substances
Authors: Ермолаева Галина Алексеевна , Верховцев Артем Сергеевич
Published: September 2022

Образцы зеленого и черного чая марок «Гринфилд» и «Каждый день» имели хорошие свойства не только для непосредственного употребления, но и послужили основой для получения экстрактов высокого качества с применением биокатализаторов Новозим 26062 и Ультрафло Max. Основные активности препаратов: Новозим 26062 альфа-амилаза и бета-глюканаза; Ультрафло Max бета-глюканаза и ксиланаза. Отвар чая нефильтрованный выдерживали с ферментными препаратами (ФП) при рекомендуемых для препарата температурах в течение 60 мин. Значение рН в образцах чая с ФП в течение обработки снижается, причем для черного чая более интенсивно, что может свидетельствовать об образовании продуктов биокатализа и высвобождении из связанного состояния веществ с более кислыми свойствами. Применение ФП позволило значительно повысить выход экстракта - приблизительно в 1,5 раза, особенно из зеленого чая. Кислотность увеличилась больше для экстракта из черного чая. Антиоксидантная активность водных экстрактов увеличилась на 12% для черного чая и на 26% для зеленого, вязкость экстрактов снизилась на 10% при обработке каждым препаратом. В условиях импортозамещения целесообразно развивать направление получения экстрактов или приготавливать экстракты, например, на заводе напитков, с применением биокатализаторов.

Samples of green and black tea brands «Greenfield», «Every day» had good properties not only for direct consumption, but were also a good basis for obtaining high-quality extracts using biocatalysts Novozim 26062 and Ultraflo Max. The main activities of the drugs are: Novozim 26062 alpha-amylase and beta-glukanase; Ultraflo Max beta-glukanase and xylanase. Unfiltered tea decoction was kept with enzyme preparations (EP) at the recommended temperatures for the preparation for 60 minutes. The pH value in tea samples with AF decreases during processing, and for black tea more intensively, which may indicate the formation of biocatalysis products and the release of substances with more acidic properties from the bound state. The use of EP made it possible to significantly increase the yield of the extract - approximately 1.5 times, especially of green tea. The acidity increased more for the extract from black tea. The antioxidant activity of the aqueous extracts increased by 12% for black tea and 26%, the viscosity of the extracts decreased by 10% when treated with each preparation. In the context of import substitution, it is advisable to develop the direction of obtaining extracts or to prepare extracts, for example, at a beverage factory, using biocatalysts.
Effect of heat and mass transfer on corrosion of carbon steel in a crude oil medium using corrosion inhibitors sodium nitrate and castor oil under different circumstances
Authors: Algburi Abbas Kh. Ibrahim
Published: September 2022

In the petroleum industry, corrosion is a fundamental problem that causes many operational and commercial problems, which require careful consideration and comprehensive studies in order to discover suitable solutions. Among these problems is the occurrence of corrosion in the crude oil production equipment as well as in the transportation pipelines of petroleum products, which leads to their failure; thus, increasing the cost as a result of maintenance or replacement. To protect them from corrosion, different types of inhibitors are commonly used, in which small amounts of inhibitor are continuously injected, slowly forming a thin layer of inhibitor between them and the corrosive materials to protect them from corrosion.
In this study, the performance of the corrosion process was examined under varying temperatures, namely 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 °C, at rotational speeds of 0, 500, 1250 and 2000 rpm. The concentrations of sodium nitrate (NaNO3) inhibitor were 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 g/l of crude oil, whereas the concentrations of castor oil inhibitor were 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 ml/l of crude oil. The results demonstrated that the corrosion rate of carbon steel in the crude oil decreases with the increase in the concentration of both types of inhibitors (NaNO3 and castor oil), while it increases with the rise in temperature and rotational speed. It was determined that the maximum efficiency of the green inhibitor (castor oil) in the crude oil was 93.7% at a concentration of 1.5 ml/l, temperature of 20 °C and a rotational speed of 0 rpm, while the maximum efficiency of the chemical inhibitor (NaNO3) in the crude oil was 98.6% at a concentration of 1.5 g/l, temperature of 20 ℃ and rotational speed of 0 rpm.
The Utilization of Magnetized Water for the Improvement of Crude Oil Quality
Authors: Shatub Samer N.
Published: September 2022

The crude oil binds from the oil fields to the refinery with water. This water contains dissolved salts, mostly chloride salts (CaCl2, NaCl, MgCl2), which are one of the components of the water emulsion in crude oil leading to the contamination of the crude oil. This pollution has a serious negative impact on the refinery units if left untreated, causing many Problems such as (corrosion, sedimentation, blockage of exchanger tubes and furnaces, and other problems). As a result, it is necessary to treat the crude oil salts and remove the effect of the salts by desalinating the oil at different stages during production at the wells and then in the refinery unit. Desalination is the main equipment used in the process of washing crude oil from salts using ordinary freshwater
         This work aims to use magnetized water as a substitute for normal water in the stage of washing crude oil salts by installing a water magnetization device with strength of (4500) gauss, at the site of the washing water injection line before the mixing valve at the desalination remover. The results showed that the magnetized water increased the efficiency and energy of the water used, reduced the deposition of salts and corrosion in the tubes of the distillation unit, as well as helped to crack the salt ions and transform its molecules into smaller particles and reduce their concentration in the crude oil.
دور النفط في الاقتصاد العراقي للمدة 2005-2020/ قراءة تحليلية
Authors: الأملح حامد
Published: September 2022

اتضح من خلال البحث، إن الاقتصاد العراقي يعتمد على النفط بشكل كبير، بحكم امتلاكه احتياطي نفطي هائل؛ في أغلب مؤشراته الاقتصادية، إذ يحتل النفط ما نسبته 92% من الايرادات العامة و62% من الناتج المحلي الاجمالي وأكثر من 99% من الصادرات السلعية.
ونظراً لضعف النظام السياسي والاقتصادي والاجتماعي، انعكس النفط بشكل سلبي على الاقتصاد والمجتمع، حيث أدى إلى غياب الاستقرار المالي والاقتصادي واستمرار بل وتفاقم حجم البطالة، وذلك بسبب تذبذب اسعار النفط في أسواق الطاقة الدولية ولا يمكن التحكم بها من جانب وطبيعة الصناعة النفطية التي تتم بكثافة رأس المال لا كثافة العمل مما نجم عنها زيادة البطالة من جانب ثانٍ.
وخلص البحث إلى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات والتوصيات تمثلت في توظيف النفط بما يخدم الاقتصاد والمجتمع، مواجهة التحديات الداخلية كالفساد مثلاً والخارجية كالمرض الهولندي، وتنويع مصادر المالية العامة، وخلق روابط امامية وخلفية بين قطاعات الاقتصاد بما يؤدي لتنويع الاقتصاد والابتعاد عن الاحادية النفطية.
Mối liên quan giữa mức độ biểu hiện gen ace2, tmprss2 ở niêm mạc tỵ hầu và mức độ nặng của bệnh COVID-19
Authors: Đại Hà Văn , Nhung Vũ Phương , Tâm Nguyễn Thị Thanh , Ngọc Lê Thị , Hà Nguyễn Hải , Thạch Phạm Ngọc , Hải Nguyễn Thị Thanh
Published: September 2022

ACE2 là một enzym thụ thể màng tế bào liên kết với protein gai (Spike-S) của virus SARS-CoV-2 và enzym TMPRSS2 phân cắt protein S tại các vị trí S1 / S2 và S'2, giúp dung hợp màng để virus xâm nhập vào tế bào. Do đó, mức độ biểu hiện của các protein tế bào này càng lớn có thể càng làm gia tăng sự xâm nhập của virus và tăng mức độ nặng của bệnh. Nghiên cứu này khảo sát diễn biến đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng của 297 bệnh nhân COVID-19; và phân tích so sánh tương đối mức độ biểu hiện mRNA của ACE2 và TMPRSS2 bằng phương pháp realtime-PCR của 52 mẫu dịch tỵ hầu lấy lúc nhập viện được chọn ngẫu nhiên từ các bệnh nhân tiến triển nặng và nhẹ điển hình. Kết quả cho thấy mức độ biểu hiện TMPRSS2 ở niêm mạc tỵ hầu cùng một số chỉ số xét nghiệm như CRP, PCT, Ferritin, D-Dimer, LDH có thể là yếu tố tiên lượng diễn biến nặng của bệnh COVID-19 trong khi ACE2 thì không có sự khác biệt giữa hai nhóm và cần được nghiên cứu trên cỡ mẫu lớn hơn.
Đa hình nucleotid đơn gen oprd1 trong điều trị methadone thay thế ở bệnh nhân nghiện chất dạng thuốc phiện
Authors: Xuân Nguyễn Thị , Giao Nguyễn Quỳnh , Chiều Trần Văn , Nam Lê Hoàng , Dung Đặng Thị Ngọc , Chi Trần Khánh
Published: September 2022

Nghiên cứu thực hiện phân tích phân bố kiểu gen OPRD1 tại vị trí đa hình nucleotid đơn rs2234918, rs581111, rs529520 và đánh giá mối tương quan với liều duy trì methadone trong liệu pháp điều trị thay thế methadone ở bệnh nhân nghiện chất dạng thuốc phiện tại tỉnh Ninh Bình. Nghiên cứu thực hiện trên 400 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán phụ thuộc vào các chất dạng thuốc phiện, được điều trị Methadone thay thế từ tháng 3 năm 2021 đến tháng 5 năm 2022 tại tỉnh Ninh Bình. Đa hình nucleotid đơn gen OPRD1 được xác định bằng phương pháp PCR và giải trình tự gen kết quả cho thấy: đa hình nucleotid đơn rs2234918 có tỉ lệ Alen T và C lần lượt là: 69,38% và 30,62%; các kiểu gen tương ứng là TT (48,5%), CT (41,75%), CC (9,75%). Đa hình nucleotid đơn rs581111 có tỉ lệ Alen G và A lần lượt là: 88,62% và 11,38%; các kiểu gen tương ứng là AA (1,75%), AG (19,25%), GG (79%). Đa hình nucleotid đơn rs529520 có tỉ lệ Alen A và C lần lượt là: 15,38% và 84,62%; các kiểu gen tương ứng là AA (3,75%), AC (23,25), CC (73%). Người nghiện chất dạng thuốc phiện mang alen C của SNP rs2234918 có khả năng sử dụng liều duy trì methadone cao (≥ 90mg/ngày), cao hơn so với người không có Alen C với OR = 1,556 (95%CI: 1,049-2,309), người có kiểu gen TT có khả năng sử dụng liều duy trì methadone cao (≥ 90mg/ngày), thấp hơn so với người không có kiểu gen TT với OR = 0,643 (95%CI: 0,433-0,953). Việc xác định kiểu gen của gen OPRD1 ở bệnh nhân nghiện chất dạng thuốc phiện điều trị methadone thay thế có thể giúp cá thể hóa điều trị.
Đặc điểm giấc ngủ ở người bệnh giai đoạn trầm cảm điều trị nội trú tại viện sức khỏe tâm thần – Bệnh viện Bạch Mai
Authors: Hà Lê Thị Thu , Tuấn Nguyễn Văn , Hương Lê Thị Cẩm
Published: September 2022

Nghiên cứu cắt ngang với mục tiêu mô tả đặc điểm giấc ngủ ở người bệnh giai đoạn trầm cảm điều trị nội trú tại Viện Sức khỏe Tâm thần - Bệnh viện Bạch Mai. 55 người bệnh được chẩn đoán xác định giai đoạn trầm cảm (F32.0, F32.1, F32.2, F32.3) theo tiêu chuẩn ICD10 có các vấn đề về giấc ngủ; có thông tin đầy đủ về hành chính, tiền sử, bệnh sử, khám lâm sàng; gia đình và bản thân người bệnh đồng ý tự nguyện tham gia nghiên cứu. Người bệnh giai đoạn trầm cảm có tỉ lệ nữ gấp 1,62 lần nam, nhóm tuổi thường gặp là 50 - 59 tuổi (30,9%), thời gian diễn biến bệnh cho tới khi đi khám phổ biến là 3 - 6 tháng (45,5%) với mức độ bệnh thường gặp nhất khi nhập viện là giai đoạn trầm cảm nặng không có triệu chứng loạn thần (52,7%). Đánh giá về giấc ngủ của người bệnh, trung bình thời gian từ khi lên giường đến lúc đi vào giấc ngủ là 88,55 phút, thức giấc trong đêm 2,42 lần, dậy sớm hơn so với thường lệ 2,23 giờ. Mỗi đêm người bệnh ngủ được khoảng 3 tiếng và hiệu quả giấc ngủ thấp (48,21%). Đa số người bệnh mất ngủ, ngủ chập chờn (78,2%), 20% có ác mộng. Trong các loại mất ngủ của đối tượng nghiên cứu, thức dậy sớm hơn thường lệ chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất (69,08%), tiếp đến là khó đi vào giấc ngủ (67,27%) và khó duy trì giấc ngủ (63,63%). 56,36% người bệnh có mất ngủ hoàn toàn.
Hiệu quả kháng ung thư của virus vaccin sởi trên mô hình chuột thiếu hụt miễn dịch mang khối ung thư phổi người
Authors: Thành Nguyễn Thị Mỹ , Hằng Ngô Thu , Cương Lê Duy , Đô Nguyễn Văn , Toàn Nguyễn Lĩnh
Published: September 2022

Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này nhằm đánh giá hiệu quả kháng ung thư của virus vaccin sởi trên chuột thiếu hụt miễn dịch mang khối ung thư phổi người (dòng H460). Virus vaccin sởi (MeV) được tách dòng từ vaccin Priorix (Glaxosmith Kline, Anh) và tăng sinh trong phòng thí nghiệm. Chuột thiếu hụt miễn dịch (nude mouse, Hoa Kỳ) 6 - 8 tuần tuổi, số lượng 20 con, được tiêm ghép 106 tế bào H460 (ATCC, Hoa Kỳ) vào dưới da đùi sau để tạo khối ung thư phổi người trên chuột nude. Khi khối u có kích thước khoảng 50 - 70mm3 (sau 10 ngày ghép), chuột được chia thành 2 nhóm (10 con/nhóm), nhóm điều trị được tiêm trực tiếp MeV vào khối u với liều 107 CFU/con, 2 lần/tuần, trong 3 tuần liên tiếp, nhóm chứng tiêm dung dịch PBS. Nhóm chuột mang khối ung thư phổi người H460 được điều trị bằng MeV có thể tích khối u nhỏ hơn, thời gian sống dài hơn và tỉ lệ chuột chết ít hơn so với nhóm chứng (p < 0,05). Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy MeV có hiệu quả kháng ung thư phổi người trên mô hình chuột thiếu hụt miễn dịch mang khối ung thư ghép dị loài.
Biểu hiện tổn thương phổi trên cắt lớp vi tính ở những bệnh nhân nhiễm covid-19 giai đoạn sớm theo nhóm tuổi
Authors: Đức Phạm Hồng , Giang Đỗ Trường , Sơn Nguyễn Kim , Giang Đoàn Thị , Tuấn Lương Minh
Published: September 2022

Nghiên cứu nhằm mục đích mô tả các đặc điểm và mức độ tổn thương phổi theo nhóm tuổi (< 18; 18 - 59, và ≥ 60 tuổi) ở trên 197 bệnh nhân nhiễm COVID-19 được chẩn đoán dương tính bằng phương pháp RT - PCR. Độ tuổi mắc bệnh trung bình là 38,7 ± 17,7 (từ 3 - 94 tuổi). Trên cắt lớp vi tính, tổn thương thường gặp nhất là tổn thương kính mờ và kính mờ kết hợp đông đặc. Các tổn thương ít gặp bao gồm dải xơ dưới màng phổi, giãn mạch máu, khí phế đồ, dày thành phế quản, lát đá, dấu hiệu halo đảo ngược, tổn thương dạng hang. Phân bố tổn thương chiếm chủ yếu ở ngoại vi và phần sau, hai bên phổi. Trung bình điểm mức độ nặng trên cắt lớp vi tính lồng ngực là 4,68. So với nhóm trẻ tuổi, nhóm bệnh nhân lớn tuổi thường gặp tổn thương kính mờ và tổn thương hai bên phổi, đồng thời điểm trung bình mức độ nặng trên cắt lớp vi tính cao hơn. Như vậy, chụp cắt lớp vi tính là cần thiết để có thái độ xử trí kịp thời ở những người lớn tuổi mắc Covid-19 có biểu hiện triệu chứng ở giai đoạn sớm.
Bệnh Wilson biểu hiện bởi các triệu chứng tâm thần kinh: Báo cáo ca bệnh
Authors: Hằng Phùng Thị Thuý , Sơn Lê Việt , Tâm Nguyễn Thị Thanh , Loan Nguyễn Thị Phương , Hoài Vũ Văn , Bích Nguyễn Thị , Giáp Nguyễn Văn , Phương Phạm Thị , Sơn Hoàng Trường , San Bùi Văn
Published: September 2022

Wilson là bệnh rối loạn chuyển hóa đồng, di truyền gen lặn trên nhiễm sắc thể thường, do đột biến gen ATP7B trên cánh dài nhiễm sắc thể số 13 (13q14.3) gây ra. Wilson là một bệnh hiếm, tần suất gặp 1/ 30000 đến 1/50000 trẻ. Với tỷ lệ này ước tính ở Việt Nam có khoảng hơn 2000 bệnh nhân mắc bệnh này. Tuy nhiên con số bệnh nhân đã được chẩn đoán ít hơn rất nhiều lần so với số mắc bệnh, chúng tôi mô tả một trường hợp bệnh nhân với các biểu hiện tâm thần kinh không điển hình, với triệu chứng đa dạng khi được phát hiện và điều trị kịp thời thì đáp ứng tốt với điều trị.
So sánh kết quả của ba kỹ thuật lấy huyết khối lần đầu cho tắc mạch lớn tuần hoàn trước
Authors: An Nguyễn Hữu , Lưu Vũ Đăng , Tôn Mai Duy
Published: September 2022

Tái thông mạch máu thành công ở lần lấy huyết khối đầu là mục tiêu của can thiệp lấy huyết khối. Nghiên cứu mô tả, tại Bệnh viện Bạch Mai từ tháng 12 năm 2020 tới tháng 6 năm 2022 nhằm so sánh kết quả tái thông của 3 chiến lược lấy huyết khối lần đầu gồm kéo stent đơn thuần, hút huyết khối đơn thuần và phối hợp đồng thời stent cùng ống hút. Tổng số 100 bệnh nhân có tắc động mạch lớn tuần hoàn trước trong vòng 4,5 giờ được điều trị bằng lấy huyết khối đã tham gia nghiên cứu. Các chỉ số đầu vào là tương đồng giữa ba nhóm. Về đầu ra chính là tỷ lệ tái thông thành công lần đầu, kéo stent đơn thuần đạt tỷ lệ cao nhất, tiếp đến là hút đơn thuần và cuối cùng là phương pháp phối hợp nhưng khác biệt không có ý nghĩa thống kê. Về các biến đầu ra phụ gồm tỷ lệ tái thông thành công cuối cùng, biến chứng can thiệp hay đầu ra lâm sàng đều không khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê giữa ba nhóm.
Trượt thân đốt sống thắt lưng do thoái hóa mất vững: Vai trò của cộng hưởng từ
Authors: Hằng Nguyễn Thị , Hùng Nguyễn Duy , Huề Nguyễn Duy
Published: September 2022

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện với mục tiêu tìm các yếu tố trên CHT gợi ý mất ổn định cột sống ở bệnh nhân trượt đốt sống (Trượt đốt sống) thắt lưng do thoái hóa. 101 bệnh nhân (Bệnh nhân) (68 Bệnh nhân thuộc nhóm ổn định và 33 Bệnh nhân thuộc nhóm mất ổn định được chẩn đoán Trượt đốt sống thắt lưng do thoái hóa trên X-quang thắt lưng cúi ưỡn và CHT từ 01/2021 đến 02/2022 được lựa chọn. Kết quả cho thấy Trượt đốt sống thắt lưng do thoái hóa hay gặp nhất ở tầng L4/L5 (60,39%). Giá trị trung bình dịch khối khớp bên nhóm mất ổn định (2,15 ± 1,23mm) lớn hơn nhóm ổn định (0,89 ± 1,11mm) có ý nghĩa thống kê với p < 0,01. Mức độ thoái hóa khối khớp bên của nhóm mất ổn định (2,01 ± 0,43) nhỏ hơn nhóm ổn định (2,57 ± 0,76) với p < 0,05 (p = 0.047). Không có sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê về chiều cao trung bình đĩa đệm và mức độ thoái hóa đĩa đệm giữa hai nhóm. Như vậy, dịch khối khớp bên trên CHT có thể là dấu hiệu hữu ích gợi ý mất vững cột sống.Vì vậy, các trường hợp được phát hiện Trượt đốt sống thắt lưng trên CHT kèm dịch khối khớp bên mà chưa được chụp X-quang cột sống động học thì nên chụp X-quang động học để xác định mất vững cột sống. Các trường hợp có trượt đốt sống trên X-quang thẳng nghiêng thì nên thực hiện chụp động học để đánh giá tình trạng mất vững cột sống.
Letter from the Editor
Authors: Minor Robin K.
Published: September 2022

LETTER FROM THE EDITOR 

Robin K. Minor, PhD  

Associate Professor of Biology, Community College of Baltimore County
Perceptions and Motivations of Associate Degree Nursing Students Engaged in Peer Mentoring and Tutoring through Supplemental Instruction
Authors: Morse Cindy
Published: September 2022

High attrition rates in associate degree nursing (ADN) programs contribute significantly to a nursing shortage in the United States that is expected to worsen. Nursing students find the learning environment stressful, intimidating, and overwhelming, leading to discouragement in the first year of their nursing education. Research is needed to identify specific retention strategies that can offer ADN students additional support and promote academic success. This study aimed to explore first-semester ADN nursing students’ experiences with peer mentoring and peer tutoring provided through supplemental instruction (SI). A basic qualitative study was conducted, and participants’ descriptions of their experiences participating in SI were documented using semi-structured interviews. The findings indicated that students feel SI is a positive experience, but improvement is needed. Exposure to different perspectives through peer mentoring and tutoring improved students’ understanding of course material. Stronger peer relationships created consistency for students. Peer mentoring boosted self-confidence among first-semester students, and attendance at SI sessions increased persistence. The findings support the use of peer mentoring to offer academic assistance to first-semester ADN students.
Supporting Open Education through a Coordinated Network of Support
Authors: Miller Paul , Mills Michael
Published: September 2022

In this article, Montgomery College discusses the adoption of H5P, a free and open-source content collaboration framework based on JavaScript that was used in substitute paid practice opportunities for students in Spanish 101 and 102. Utilizing a participatory action research model, three faculty and 47 students collaborated to inform the design, development, and refinement of H5P RLOs designed to meet institutional goals through targeted student practice. Results of the faculty-student collaboration demonstrated a high level of satisfaction (4.54 average rating out of five) and practicality and usefulness of the H5P practice materials as a viable tool that helped them achieve success in their courses (89%). This work led to the development of the Maryland H5P Collaborative Network (Network) co-launched in partnership with the Community College of Baltimore County in 2021. The Network brings together over 250 educators from 40 different institutions across the United States to share best practices and action research in support of Open Educational Resources (OERs) and Reusable Learning Objects (RLOs).
Work Motivation and Organizational Culture on Work Performance: Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) as Mediating Variable
Authors: Widarko Agus , Anwarodin M. Khoirul
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of work motivation, organizational culture, organizational citizenship behavior on civil servant (ASN) performance.  The sample size is 236 ASN respondents from Blitar Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia. The sampling method used is stratified proportional random sampling, which involves taking samples from the existing area and selecting progressively smaller or larger sizes. After that, it is calculated using Random Sampling using the Slovin Formula. The study stated that motivation directly affects organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Employees with high intrinsic motivation impact organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) better because they show an attitude of working more than other employees as a form of their perspective of responsibility. Organizational culture has no direct effect on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Motivation directly affects performance. ASN performance is directly affected by organizational citizenship behavior. The role of OCB in mediating organizational culture on performance is not fully capable of intervening. The results of this study support the theoretical implications, namely the stronger organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), and supported by good employee work motivation; work behavior will increase. Apart from that, managerially, management can benefit from the results of this study by utilizing a combination of variables.
The word” light and darkness” in the Holy Quran and their rhetorical secrets
Authors: Kaffah Silmi , Nazish Dr. Samia
Published: September 2022

The Noble Qur’an will remain lofty, its miraculousness is great, and will remain until the Day of Judgment. One of the most important reasons for the inimitability of the Qur’an is the order in speech, which does not mean that its words continued in pronunciation, but that their connotations were consistent and their meanings converged in the manner required by the mind. On the basis of this precise and profound aspect, which was manifested in the Qur’anic style, the selection of this study came under the title: “The Word of Light and Darkness in the Holy Qur’an, and Their Rhetorical Revelations.” This study aims to reflect on the verses of light and darkness, understand their meanings, and to reveal the aesthetics of rhetorical overtones according to the words. In this study the subject is dealt with using the descriptive method and the analytical method in order to reach the suggestive connotations affecting the verses of light in the minds of the recipient.
Starter of the Sentence and its Statement in Surah Al-Anaam (A Syntactical Study from Al-Tafseer al-Baseet)
Authors: Ahmad Dr. Zaheer , Ahmad Dr. Akhlaq
Published: September 2022

Al-Quran Al-Kareem is not only a Religious book that tell us only the obligatory or other instruction of religion but it has multi dimension book that speak the truth in every field of life. It also a divine knowledge of all scientific fields and need to be explore by the relevant field scientist. It was revealed in Arabic Language that was language of Arab at that time. To teach and understand the Quran by Non-Arabs Arabic Language grammar and other linguistics branches were produced and developed in order to understand the Quran righteously. It is important to mention here that Quran is always a center point for the research of Arabic Grammar topics. And until now most of issues were researched and highlighted through this research. This Research paper is a part of that research focusing only Nominal sentence الجملة الاسمية  and discusses the opinions of Mufasreen under the umbrella of Arabic Grammar.
Imam al-Bazzars approach to deal with Singularity of Hadith in later stage of chain of narrators
Authors: Akram Reema
Published: September 2022

Tafarrud of a prophetic tradition means reporting of hadith by a single narrator at some stage of chain of narrators.  Tafarrud is not considered to be a defect itself, but it may indicate towards an error in reporting the hadith. Therefore, judgement on such traditions is based on certain factors which are discussed in the sciences of hadith and its hidden defects. One of the factors that cause doubt in the authenticity of such unique traditions is tafarrud in  later stage of chain of narrators. This paper analyzes approach of Imam Al-Bazzar in dealing with tafarrud of prophetic traditions in later stage of chain of narrators and its effects on judgement of hadith.
Poetry in the light of Islamic law
Authors: Bano Dr. Najma , Bano Saeeda
Published: September 2022

Poetry is one of the oldest, most prestigious arts therefore there have been countless poets, critics and researchers on poetry across history, Arabic poetry has played a vital role in the Arabic culture and heritage, it has also passed by many changes throughout history until it reached in the form we see today, in this article we searched about the relation of Arabic poetry with the Islamic law and the influence it has on it  as well as the part it plays in it, it is also a response to those who see poetry as a lost and dark art. However, the poetry concerned with the Islamic law has always been honest and pure and has been a tool to explain, express and teach.