bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protocolo de diagnóstico e tratamento de Transtorno de Compulsão Alimentar (TCA) no Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio (HUWC)
Authors: Carvalho Vívian Ribeiro , Landim Gustavo Câmara , Siqueira Maria da Glória Fontenelle Araújo , Mota Andrea Dantas , Pimentel Rodrigo Campos Sales , Brito Nara Fabíola Costa de
Published: May 2024

Objetivos: Apresentar o protocolo desenvolvido para diagnóstico e tratamento de Transtorno de Compulsão Alimentar (TCA) em pacientes adultos no Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio (HUWC). Metodologia: Uma revisão de literatura foi realizada, a fim de buscar informações atualizadas sobre o tema e de construir um protocolo que possa facilitar o diagnóstico e o tratamento do transtorno. Foram utilizadas referências clássicas, como o DSM-5, o CID-10 e o CID-11, bem como artigos publicados, nos últimos seis anos, por grupos de estudo do tema. Resultados: Com base nas evidências levantadas, foi elaborado um fluxograma, contemplando recomendações para diagnóstico e tratamento de TCA em adultos. Conclusões: O protocolo elaborado pode auxiliar a equipe assistencial do HUWC no diagnóstico e no tratamento de pacientes com TCA, melhorando a resposta ao tratamento de comorbidades potencialmente severas, associadas e agravadas pelo referido transtorno.
The excessively short nose: our systematic approach
Authors: Patel Priyesh N. , Longino Elizabeth , Most Sam P.
Published: May 2024

The excessively short nose is a challenging dilemma in rhinoplasty. The variability in patient goals and nasal anatomy prevents a one-size-fits-all approach, yet a collection of commonly employed techniques may be considered when approaching an individual nose. This article discusses the common anatomical abnormalities associated with a short nose and reviews the existing literature on techniques to address these abnormalities and how they may be combined to create a unique surgical plan. Typically, correcting a short nose requires an increase in nasal length and projection, along with a decrease in rotation. Achieving this necessitates a complete release of the soft tissue and ligaments from all bony and cartilaginous attachments to allow for skin redraping, as the mucosa and/or soft tissue envelope often pose limitations. Commonly employed techniques include a septal extension graft, anterior septal reconstruction, lower lateral cartilage repositioning with grafting, tip grafts, and occasionally composite grafts.
Evaluating STEM Lecturers ‘Experiences with Digital Assessments and Continuity of Digital Transformation in Higher Education
Authors: Zitha Innocent , Mokganya Georgina , Sinthumule Orifha
Published: May 2024

There are clear signs that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a straining impact on the higher education sector in South Africa and the far reaches of the world. This chapter examines (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) STEM lecturers’ experiences with digital assessments and perspectives on the continuity of digital transformation in the higher education sector in the post-COVID-19 era at one of South Africa’s rural universities. In 2022, a survey of ten (10) lecturers was conducted and the reports were also consulted by four (4) e-learning practitioners to obtain their views on the use of online learning and contact courses in the post-pandemic period. A qualitative research approach was used to understand the puzzling issues faced by STEM lecturers at a previously disadvantaged institution in Limpopo Province. The results of this study show that there is a puzzling conundrum that hinders the integration of effective online learning. Furthermore, online education as the new normal in the post-COVID-19 era seems unattainable due to extremely complex and difficult-to-understand mathematical symbols. Software and tools proved to be limitations in terms of establishing an interactive learning environment for students and lecturers on online learning platforms. Lecturers’ use of learning and teaching platforms deteriorated due to numerous unknown challenges, but also the tightening of COVID-19 restrictions. Furthermore, the results showed that science and mathematics lecturers believe that contact learning remains irreplaceable across generations and eras as some are not technology enthusiasts. This paper recommends that the lack of technological systems as well as technological resistance and reluctance to adopt transformative pedagogy and innovative practices, should not be viewed as a thorny issue to end the dominance of online education in STEM courses. Keywords: connectivism, Learning Management Systems, affordances, technological resistance, Moodle, transformative pedagogy
The Set of Serine Peptidases of the Tenebrio molitor Beetle: Transcriptomic Analysis on Different Developmental Stages
Authors: Zhiganov Nikita I. , Vinokurov Konstantin S. , Salimgareev Ruslan S. , Tereshchenkova Valeriia F. , Dunaevsky Yakov E. , Belozersky Mikhail A. , Elpidina Elena N.
Published: May 2024

Serine peptidases (SPs) of the chymotrypsin S1A subfamily are an extensive group of enzymes found in all animal organisms, including insects. Here we provide analysis of SPs in the yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor transcriptomes and genomes datasets and profile their expression pattern at various stages of ontogeny. A total of 269 SPs were identified, including 137 with con-served catalytic triad residues, while others 125 lacking conservation were proposed as non-active serine peptidase homologs (SPHs). Seven deduced sequences exhibit a complex do-main organization with two or three peptidase units (domains), predicted both as active or non-active. The largest group of 84 SP and 102 SPH had no regulatory domains in the propep-tide, and the majority of them were expressed only in the feeding life stages, larvae and adults, presumably playing an important role in digestion. The remaining 53 SP and 23 SPH had differ-ent regulatory domains, showed constitutive or upregulated expression at eggs or/and pupae stages, participating in regulation of various physiological processes. The majority of polypep-tidases was mainly expressed at the pupal and adult stages. The data obtained expand our knowledge on SPs/SPHs and provide a foundation for further research on the functions of this gene family in T. molitor.
Improving Disaster Management Performance by Using Ethical Artificial Intelligence EAI to Achieve Sustainable Development and Support the Global Economy and Trade
Authors: Waheeb Rasha , Wheib Kusay
Published: May 2024

The study addresses improving disaster management performance using artificial intelligence to achieve sustainable development and support the global economy and proposes implementable strategies to achieve resilience and growth. Through a literature review, it examines the impact of natural disasters on international trade and focuses on the challenges faced by developing economies in developing countries. The study emphasizes the interconnectedness of global trade networks and the need for proactive risk management. Existing qualitative literature from previous studies was compiled and analyzed for the study. The results indicate potential disruptions in commercial activities and economic growth in Middle Eastern countries due to natural or human-caused disasters such as wars and terrorism. Here we find the importance of measures to build resilience and diversify trading partners and markets. Recommendations include investing in resilient infrastructure, promoting digital trade, strengthening institutional capacities, and enhancing regional and international cooperation. By providing insights to policy makers, businesses and stakeholders, this study contributes to understanding the resilience of developing economies to natural disasters and provides practical guidance for them to overcome the challenges posed by such disasters and achieve sustainable growth.
Nanophotonic Polarizers in Silicon Based on 2D Graphene Oxide Films
Authors: Moss David
Published: May 2024

We experimentally demonstrate waveguide and microring resonator (MRR) polarizers by integrating 2D graphene oxide (GO) films onto silicon (Si) photonic devices. The 2D GO films with highly anisotropic light absorption are on-chip integrated with precise control over their thicknesses and sizes. Detailed measurements are performed for the fabricated devices with different GO film thicknesses, coating lengths, and Si waveguide widths. The results show that a maximum polarization-dependent loss (PDL) of ~17 dB is achieved for the hybrid waveguides, and the hybrid MRRs achieved a maximum polarization extinction ratio (PER) of ~10 dB. We also characterize the wavelength- and power-dependent response for these polarizers. The former demonstrates a broad operation bandwidth of over ~100 nm, and the latter verifies performance improvement enabled by photo-thermal changes in GO films. By fitting the experimental results with theoretical simulations, we find that the anisotropy in the loss of GO films dominates the polarization selectivity of these devices. These results highlight the strong potential of 2D GO films for realizing high-performance polarization selective devices in Si photonic platform.
Controlled Quantum Communication Using Quantum Random Walk
Authors: Das Subham , Meghanath A.V.N.S. , Sk Rajiuddin , Panigrahi Prasanta K.
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we introduce a novel controlled quantum communication protocol utilizing a quantum random walk involving one sender, one receiver, and multiple controllers. Inspired by classical random walk theory, quantum random walk serves as the foundation of our proposed protocol. With this protocol, we demonstrate the ability to transfer any n- dimensional quantum state to any party facilitated by any m number of controllers. Furthermore, any of the (m+1) individuals has the freedom to accept the role of the receiver. Rigorous testing of the protocol’s performance is conducted through quantum state tomography. We have run different variations of the circuits in IBMQ QASM simulator. Additionally, we explore the effectiveness of a weak measurement-based protocol designed to mitigate amplitude-damping noise’s detrimental effects on quantum states. By analyzing fidelity versus amplitude damping noise-strength plots for scenarios with and without the weak measurement protocol, we provide valuable insights into its protective capabilities across various levels of noise. These find- ings illuminate the protocol’s potential applications in quantum information processing
Named Entity Recognition Based on Contrastive Learning and Enhanced Lexicon for Pig Diseases of Chinese Corpus
Authors: Peng Cheng , Wang Xiajun , Li Qifeng , Yu Qinyang , Jiang Ruixiang , Ma Weihong , Wu Wenbiao , Meng Rui , Li Haiyan , Huai Heju , Wang Shuyan , He Longjuan
Published: May 2024

Named Entity Recognition (NER) serves as a fundamental and pivotal stage in the development of various knowledge-based support systems, including knowledge retrieval and question answering systems. In the domain of pig diseases, Chinese NER models encounter several challenges such as the scarcity of annotated data, domain-specific vocabulary, diverse entity categories, and ambiguous entity boundaries.To address these challenges, a corpus, labeled datasets and a lexicon specific to pig diseases for Chinese named entity recognition were constructed. Subsequently, a Pig Disease Chinese Named Entity Recognition (PDCNER) model was proposed. The model integrates external lexicon knowledge of pig disease by employing Lexicon-enhanced BERT and enhance feature representation by incorporating contrastive learning. Experimental results show that the model achieved the best recognition results, with a precision of 86.92%, a recall of 85.08%, and an F1-score of 85.99% respectively. Furthermore, the model exhibits robustness and generalizability across few-shot and publicly available datasets. Experimental results illustrate the proposed model could effectively identify Chinese named entities of pig diseases, outperforming several existing baseline methods. Moreover, the proposed model can be extended to other animal disease domains, such as chicken and cattle, thereby facilitating seamless adaptation for named entity identification across diverse contexts.
Global-Local Deep Fusion: Semantic Integration with Enhanced Transformer in Dual-Branch Networks for Ultra-High Resolution Image Segmentation
Authors: Liang Chenjing , Huang Kai , Mao Jian
Published: May 2024

The fusion of global contextual information with local cropped block details is crucial for segmenting ultra-high resolution images. In this study, we introduce a novel fusion mechanism termed Global-Local Deep Fusion (GL-Deep Fusion) based on an enhanced transformer architecture, which efficiently integrates global contextual information and local details. Specifically, we propose the Global-Local Synthesis Networks (GLSNet), a dual-branch network where one branch processes the entire original image, while the other branch handles cropped local patches as input. The feature fusion of different branches in GLSNet is achieved through GL-Deep Fusion, significantly enhancing the accuracy of ultra-high resolution image segmentation. Particularly effective is GLSNet in identifying tiny overlapping items. To optimize GPU memory utilization, we meticulously design a dual-branch architecture that proficiently leverages the features it extracts, seamlessly integrating them into the enhanced transformer framework of GL-Deep Fusion. Extensive experiments conducted on challenging benchmarks, including DeepGlobe and Vaihingen datasets, demonstrate that GLSNet achieves a new state-of-the-art performance in terms of GPU memory utilization and segmentation accuracy tradeoff.
The Specific and Total CO2 Emission Activity of Wood-Decaying Fungi and their Response to Increase in Temperature
Authors: Mukhin Victor A. , Diyarova Daria K. , Zhuykova Elena V.
Published: May 2024

CO2 emission activity of xylotrophic fungi response to an increase in temperature in the range of 10-30 °C on the example of pure dikaryotic cultures of Fomes fomentarius s. str., F. inzengae, Fomitopsis betulina, F. pinicola, Phellinus igniarius was analyzed. Emission activity was assessed by the difference in CO2 concentration in 0.5-liter exposure chambers with Petri dishes with mycelium growing on agar at the beginning of exposure and an hour later using a Gasmet DX-4030 FTIR spectrometer (Gasmet Technologies Oy, Finland), error measurements ±50 ppm. Specific (μg CO2/cm2/h) and total (μg CO2/h) emission activity and its relationship with temperature and size (area) of the mycelium were assessed. It has been shown that in the range of 10-30 °C, the specific and total CO2 emission activity of the mycelium is closely and positively related to temperature. Specific emission, which is an indicator of the respiratory activity of the mycelium, does not depend on its size; its only driver is temperature, the relationship with which is linear: an increase in temperature by 10 °C causes an increase in the specific emission activity of the mycelium by 1.7 times. The total CO2 emission activity, which is an indicator of the total amount of CO2 emitted, is directly proportional to the specific emission activity and the size of the mycelium. In the range of 10-30 °C, an increase in temperature causes an almost equal increase in both the specific emission activity of the mycelium (Q10 1.7) and its growth (Q10 1.5) and causes an exponential increase in the total emission of CO2. This must be taken into account when predicting CO2 emissions from woody debris under climate change, as it could potentially contribute to accelerating climate change.
VaIN after Hysterectomy is Strongly Associated with Persistent HR-HPV Infection
Authors: Bruno Maria Teresa , Panella Marco Marzio , Valenti Gaetano , Di Grazia Salvatore , Sgalambro Francesco , Farina Jessica , Previti Miriam , Mereu Liliana
Published: May 2024

Previous studies show that women with a history of high-grade CIN have a greater risk of subsequent high-grade anogenital intraepithelial neoplasia or cancer, and the risk is greater for vaginal cancer than for anal and vulvar cancers. It is hypothesized that the laparoscopic hysterectomy procedure may cause a higher incidence of VaIN in hysterectomized women. There are few studies addressing this issue and they show mixed results. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of high-grade or worse VaIN in the population of women undergoing hysterectomy for CIN3 or benign uterine disease, illustrate treatment options and follow-up. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 170 women who underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN3) or benign gynecological disease. The follow-up strategy included performing a cotest and colposcopy with biopsy if necessary. The median time between primary treatment and diagnosis of high-grade VaIN was 18 months. Results: High grade or worse VaIN was found in 8 patients after hysterectomy (4.7%). All cases of high-grade VaIN occurred in women with persistent HPV infection. The most frequent genotype was 16. Women hysterectomized for CIN3 showed an 8-fold greater risk than women hysterectomized for benign disease of developing high-grade VaIN. The risk of VaIN is low in women hysterectomized for benign disease. The risk of developing VaIN is greater in women with viral persistence Conclusion. All these elements suggest that it is the history of HPV-related disease of the lower genital tract and viral persistence, rather than hysterectomy itself, that should be considered a risk factor for the development of high-grade VaIN. After hysterectomy, patients with a history of CIN should undergo annual screening with vaginal dome cytology and HPV testing.
Martian Dust Storms: Reviews and Perspective for Tianwen-3 Mars Sampling Returning Mission
Authors: He Fei , Rong Zhaojin , Wu Zhaopeng , Gao Jiawei , Fan Kai , Zhou Xu , Yan Limei , Wang Yuqi , Wei Yong
Published: May 2024

Dust storms play a crucial role in the climate system and the space environment of Mars and have a great impact on human’s Mars exploration activities. The Martian dust storms exhibit significant regional, seasonal and interannual variations due to various controlling factors such as the large-scale atmospheric circulation, varying solar radiation forcing, and Martial orbital and rotational motions and their coupling to the atmospheric dynamics. This paper focuses on the review of cur-rent understandings on Martian dust storms. This paper begins by elucidating the basic properties of dust storms, and their driving mechanisms and impacts on atmospheric dynamics, atmospheric electric property, space environment, topography, and Mars explorations. Then it introduces the observation methods on different platforms including orbiters and landers/rovers, and the da-tasets constructed based on these historical observations for Martian dust storms. Finally, we pro-posed the dust storm monitoring and forecasting for the upcoming Chinese Tianwen-3 Mars sam-pling returning mission. It concludes by depicting the future research topics to systematically un-derstand the Martian dust storms.
EL CONCEPTO DE REPARACIÓN INTEGRAL DEL DAÑO COMO BASE PARA DETERMINAR UNA INDEMNIZACIÓN POR RESPONSABILIDAD PATRIMONIAL DEL ESTADO EN MÉXICO
Authors: Veloz Romo Miguel Ángel
Published: May 2024

La figura de la responsabilidad patrimonial del Estado, contemplada en el último párrafo del artículo 109 de la Constitución mexicana2, reconoce a los particulares el derecho a una indemnización cuando se causen daños con motivo de una actuación administrativa irregular3; sin embargo, al establecer la Constitución que la indemnización respectiva tendrá las bases, límites y procedimientos que establezcan las leyes federal y de las entidades federativas, ha provocado la existencia de parámetros diversos que violentan los derechos humanos de los gobernados, y en específico, el relativo a una indemnización en términos del concepto reparación integral del daño.
VIOLENCIA DE GÉNERO Y VIOLENCIA VICARIA. SALVAGUARDA CONSTITUCIONAL
Authors: Vázquez García Federico Pablo , Muñoz Carreto José Alfredo
Published: May 2024

El objetivo del presente trabajo deóntico es mostrar el derecho constitucional a la salvaguarda de la integridad física-psicológica de todo ser humano, partiendo de la siguiente interrogante ¿qué fenómenos están trascendiendo la sociedad mexicana en agravio de la integridad física de la mujer? Para dar respuesta, la presente investigación cualitativa-descriptiva se apoya en el método hipotético deductivo, ya que a partir del planteamiento del derecho a la salvaguarda del integridad física de todo ser humano siguiendo la teoría neo constitucionalista de Ferrajoli y Comanducci se valida, mediante el contenido normativo convencional, su reintegración al contenido del artículo 14 constitucional, como derecho a la vida, con el fin de proteger la integridad de la mujer y la vida humana; tiene sustento en la técnica documental, consistente en la revisión bibliográfica, hemerográfica, lexigráfica, declaraciones, informes y estadísticas. Con lo cual se evidencia que el derecho humano más relevante es la salvaguarda de la integridad psicofísica constitutiva de la vida del ser humano, resultando cuestionable la derogación de la prohibición de la privación de la vida en la norma constitucional, generando que en la actualidad nos enfrentemos a dos fenómenos: la violencia de género y la violencia vicaria, en extremos reprochables.
Cualidades restauradoras de sitios culturales y antiguos del centro histórico de la ciudad de Guanajuato
Authors: Torres-Pérez Miguel Ángel , Martínez-Soto Joel
Published: May 2024

En la presente investigación se identificó el potencial y cualidades restauradoras (fascinación, estar alejado, compatibilidad, coherencia y alcance) de trece escenarios de la ciudad de Guanajuato, México, divididos en tres categorías (templos de adoración, lugares históricos, y plazuelas y callejones). Mediante muestreo no probabilístico accidental participaron sesenta y nueve personas quienes respondieron in situ una versión adaptada a dispositivos móviles de la Escala de Percepción de Restauración Ambiental (EPRA-R) para identificar el potencial y cualidades restauradoras de cada escenario. Se encontró que los templos de adoración fueron evaluados como más restauradores que los lugares históricos y las plazuelas y callejones, respectivamente. Las cualidades fascinación y alcance fueron las de mayor impacto en templos de adoración y lugares históricos, mientras que coherencia y compatibilidad lo fueron en las plazuelas y callejones. Limitaciones incluyen la falta de uniformidad en el sexo de los participantes y el tamaño reducido de la muestra. Se discute la relevancia del estudio sobre cualidades restauradoras en ambientes construidos y sus beneficios psicoambientales.
Cartografía en áreas urbanas costeras. Acapulco y el huracán Otis
Authors: Espinosa Dorantes Elizabeth , Flores Hernández Jesús
Published: May 2024

La ciudad es un ecosistema por demás complejo y los cambios en nuestro entorno, en donde se destaca la ocupación de zonas con estructuras poco estables en áreas susceptibles a inundaciones y desprendimientos de tierra, aumentan la posibilidad de afectación de su estructura física ante eventos que son parte del ciclo hidrológico y del equilibrio natural, convirtiendo estos procesos en amenazas para las comunidades.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF SELLING AND PROMOTION PADA PESERTA DIDIK SMK NEGERI 15 BANDUNG
Authors: Meliman Raya
Published: May 2024

Kemampuan peserta didik dalam penguasaan materi pembelajaran menjadi indikator tercapainya hasil belajar yang optimal. Penggunaan media pembelajaran yang menarik serta inovatif dirasa sangat dibutuhkan oleh peserta didik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh penggunaan video pembelajaran terhadap peningkatan kemampuan kognitif selling and promotion pada peserta didik SMK Negeri 15 Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuasi eksperimen dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan menggunakan rancangan non-equivalent control group design. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan pedoman wawancara dan tes hasil belajar berupa pre-test dan post-test. Sampel penelitian ini yaitu kelas XI PH-3 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas XI PH-2 sebagai kelas kontrol. Uji coba instrumen diberikan kepada kelas XI PH-1 yang kemudian di uji validitas, reliabilitas, uji kesukaran, dan uji daya beda. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji N-gain Score, uji Wilcoxon, dan uji Koefisien Determinasi. Hasil olah dan uji data penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat peningkatan kemampuan kognitif selling and promotion pada kelas eksperimen sebesar 0,646 berada pada kategori “sedang” dan kelas kontrol sebesar 0,530 berada pada kategori “sedang”. Uji Wilcoxon menunjukan nilai sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 yang berarti video pembelajaran memiliki pengaruh terhadap kemampuan kognitif selling and promotion. Berdasarkan uji koefisien determinasi video pembelajaran memiliki pengaruh sebesar 57,6% dan berada pada kategori “sedang”.
Evaluation of the Effect of Casein Phosphopeptide – Amorphous Calcium Phosphate on
Fracture Resistance of Single Rooted EDTA Treated Teeth (An in Vitro Study).
Authors: Alastal Roaa Azzam Abdallah , Shafie Lubna Abbas , Emara Radwa Sameh
Published: May 2024

Aim: to evaluate the effect of CPP-ACP on fracture resistance of single rooted EDTA treated teeth when used as a final irrigant.
Methodology: A twenty one single rooted teeth will be randomly divided into three equal groups based upon the final irrigation protocol as follows: Group I (EDTA / CPP-ACP) – final irrigation with EDTA 17% for 1 min
followed by irrigation with CPP-ACP remineralizing agent for 10 min. Group II (EDTA alone) – final irrigation with EDTA 17% for 1 min. Group III (normal saline) – final irrigation with normal saline (0.9% NaCl) for 5 min. Then, Specimens from all groups will be prepared for test assembly. The apical 5 mm of roots will be embedded along the long axis in self-curing acrylic blocks, with 8 mm of each root exposed. The fracture resistance of the specimen will be tested using a Universal Testing Machine.
Clinical study on Bifidobacterium lactis BL-99 assisting to improve functional dyspepsia
Authors: Zhang Qi , Li Guang , Zhao Wen , Zhou Limian , Zhang Xiaoxu , He Jingjing , An Peng , Liu Yinghua , Zhang Chengying , Zhang Yong , Liu Simin , Liu Wei-Hsien , Liu Fudong , Li Yixuan , Jiang Wenjian , Wang Xifan , Wang Xiaoyu , Wang Qingyu , Fang Bing , Guo Meng , Zhao Yuyang , Ren Yimei , Niu Xiaokang , Li Dongjie , Zhang Chao , Shi Shaoqi , Wang Ran , Liu Xinjuan , Hung Wei-Lian , Ren Fazheng
Published: May 2024

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common chronic gastrointestinal disorder without known organic pathology changes. Recurrence symptoms and longer duration resulting in poor quality of life and high medical expenses for patients. Therefore, searching for a prolonged treatment of FD has considerable clinical value. This research aims at determining the efficacy of Bifidobacterium lactis BL-99 (BL-99) in improving gut microbiota and promoting digestion in patients with functional dyspepsia, and to determine the dose-effect relationship. In this randomized controlled trial, 300 subjects will be randomized into six group (mild placebo group, mild low dose group, mild high dose group, severe placebo group, severe low dose group, and severe high dose group). Except the mild placebo group, other groups will receive BL-99 and/or proton pump inhibitors (PPI). The efficacy of BL-99 to improve FD symptoms and the underlying mechanism, and the impact of BL-99 on gastrointestinal microbiota after PPI therapy will be evaluated. The clinical trial registry is at Chictr.org.cn ID ChiCTR2000041430.
Optical characterizations of few-layer NiI2 by magneto-optical-electric joint-measurement scanning imaging system
Authors: Peng Bo , Wu Yangliu
Published: May 2024

As an advanced imaging system, the magneto-optical-electric joint-measurement scanning imaging system (MOEJSI) brings spectroscopic techniques with unmatched spatial resolution to very low temperature, high magnetic field and high electric field measurements.
Vaginal microbes alter epithelial transcriptome and induce epigenomic modifications providing insight into mechanisms for susceptibility to adverse reproductive outcomes
Authors: Elovitz Michal , Anton Lauren , Cristancho Ana , Ferguson Briana , Joseph Andrea , Ravel Jacques
Published: May 2024

The cervicovaginal microbiome is highly associated with women's health, with microbial communities dominated by Lactobacillus species considered optimal. Conversely, a lack of lactobacilli and a high abundance of strict and facultative anaerobes, including Gardnerella vaginalis, have been associated with adverse reproductive outcomes. However, how host-microbial interactions alter specific molecular pathways and impact cervical and vaginal epithelial function remains unclear. Using RNA-sequencing, we characterized the in vitro cervicovaginal epithelial transcriptional response to different vaginal bacteria and their culture supernatants. We showed that G. vaginalis upregulates genes associated with an activated innate immune response. Unexpectedly, G. vaginalis specifically induced inflammasome pathways through activation of NLRP3-mediated increases in caspase-1, IL-1β and cell death, while live L. crispatus had minimal transcriptomic changes on epithelial cells. L. crispatus culture supernatants resulted in a shift in the epigenomic landscape of cervical epithelial cells that was confirmed by ATAC-sequencing showing reduced chromatin accessibility. This study reveals new insights into host-microbe interactions in the lower reproductive tract and suggests potential therapeutic strategies leveraging the vaginal microbiome to improve reproductive health.
Text mining technologies applied to free-text answers of students in e-assessment: an experimental study in Greek
Authors: Charitopoulos Angelos , Rangoussi Maria , Metafas Dimitris , Koulouriotis Dimitrios
Published: May 2024

Educational text mining is a rapidly growing field, thanks to the adoption of current probabilistic and machine learning algorithms. The current study focuses on student e-assessment through open-ended questions that require answers in the form of free text (student essays). Their analysis and evaluation are resource-demanding tasks for the instructor, even when supported by modern e-learning platforms. Topic modelling through the Latent Dirichlet Allocation algorithm is employed in an experimental setup, aiming to (a) extract meaningful topics from the body of pooled student answers (interpretable in the educational context of the course), (b) align the extracted topics to the ‘native’ internal structure of the body of texts, and (c) produce recommendations for the teacher in the form of alternative (meaningful) restructurings of the e-assessment units and consequently of the course content units. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the extracted topic models yield positive results for the first two aims, while at the same time, and regarding the third aim, the extracted topic models directly recommend for the teacher possible restructurings of the course content. These recommendations are of practical use for the teacher, especially when he/she seeks to restructure a course, either by shrinking or by expansion (fewer or more internal units). In conclusion, topic modelling opens a spectrum of possibilities for the teacher interested to explore ways to improve the structure and organization of his/her course.
Adoption of ARDU Moldboard Plough in Arsi and West Arsi Zones, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Boka Ephrem , Dawid Ibsa
Published: May 2024

This study was conducted with the objectives of quantifying the adoption rate and its determinants that affect the adoption of ARDU plough in the Arsi and West Arsi Zones. The data were collected from a sample of 192 farm households (90 adopters and 102 non-adopters of ARDU plough). Adopter farming experience was higher than that of non-adopter households and significant at 1% level of significance. Utilizing the ARDU moldboard plough had advantage of saving time of plough, reducing repetition of plough, turning over furrow slices, and serving for a long period of time. However, availability, portability, and easiness for Oxen to pull were the top three ranked constraints. The results of the binary logistics regression model indicate that adoption of ARDU moldboard plough was influenced by distance from extension services, total livestock holdings, and access to ARDU moldboard plough services. Since the ARDU moldboard ploughs has several advantages, demonstrations and scaling up of the technology, training microenterprises and individual firms for mass production, and modifying its weight, are very important.
Revealing How Internal Sensors in a Smart Battery Impact the Local Graphite Lithiation Mechanism
Authors: Lyonnard Sandrine , Olgo Annabel , Genies Sylvie , Franchi Romain , Septet Cédric , Jacquet Quentin , Berrod Quentin , Palm Rasmus , Chenevier Pascale , Villemin Elise , Villevieille Claire , Blanc Nils , Tardif Samuel , Raccurt Olivier
Published: May 2024

Smart batteries, i.e. equipped with internal and external sensors, are emerging as promising solutions to enhance battery state of health and optimize operating conditions. However, for accurate correlations between the evolution of the cell parameters (e.g. temperature, strain) and physicochemical degradation mechanisms, it is crucial to know the reliability of sensors. To address this question, we performed a synchrotron operando wide-angle X-ray scattering experiment to investigate the local and global impact of the presence of internal sensors on a commercial prismatic Li-ion battery cell at various C-rates. We found that, while the overall electrochemical performance is unaffected, the sensors have a substantial impact on the local graphite lithiation kinetics and heterogeneities especially at a high C-rate. These results show the importance of controlling local deformations induced by internal sensors and tailoring the dimensions of these sensors to obtain reliable battery performance indicators and optimize smart batteries.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi travel the world with underground crop harvest
Authors: Alam Ayesha , Gabriel-Neumann Elke
Published: May 2024

In recent years, the travel of potentially invasive plants, animals, and pathogens via international trading routes for fresh agricultural goods has been the subject of intensive research and risk assessment. Comparatively little is known about the potential impact of international food trade on the dispersal of symbiotic soil microorganisms, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. The present study thus assessed the AM fungal inoculum potential of internationally traded underground crop harvest. Twenty batches of tubers, corms or bulbs originating from eight different countries were sampled and used to inoculate Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench plants grown in a heat-sterilized, sandy dune soil from the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Results revealed that most of the underground crop harvest contained AM fungal propagules able to establish AM symbioses in the experimental microcosm. Though it is likely that most AM fungal propagules attached to harvest products will ultimately be eliminated in the waste or sewage stream, it is well possible that a certain portion would find their way into agricultural or natural ecosystems, e.g. via organic waste disposal or use of kitchen greywater for irrigation. Given the large volumes of underground crop harvest traded worldwide, its impact on AM fungal dispersal deserves further investigation and assessment of associated risks of adulteration of soil microbial communities. Future studies might also elucidate opportunities for the application of underground crop harvest sampling to the global study of AM fungal diversity in agricultural soils.
Effect of sodium butyrate on hepatic inflammatory injury mediated by the NLRP3 inflammatory pathway in subchronic fluoride-exposed mice
Authors: Li Wen , Ma Zhiyu , Su Cuijing , Liu Funing , Yan Nan , Duan Xiaoxu , Sun Zhenxiang , Wang Hongbo , Ma Yufei , Wang Zhengdong , Ren Fu
Published: May 2024

Excessive subchronic fluoride exposure can cause severe damage to detoxification organs, including the liver. Sodium butyrate has anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. However, relatively few studies have investigated the effects of sodium butyrate on liver injury caused by subchronic fluoride exposure. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect and mechanism of sodium butyrate on fluoride-induced hepatic inflammatory injury via the expression of nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3). Mice were subjected to randomization into four groups, each comprised of ten animals, and all groups received oral gavage treatment for 8 weeks. Following the treatment regimen, liver tissue specimens were collected for analysis. The levels of inflammatory factors and NLRP3 and its downstream proteins were measured to evaluate the therapeutic effect of sodium butyrate. The results of histological hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining showed that the hepatocytes in the subchronic fluoride-exposed group were loosely arranged, with obvious fatty vacuolar degeneration and inflammatory cell infiltration, suggesting chronic inflammation. The gaps and arrangement of liver cells in the treatment group were similar to those in the control group, with less vacuolar degeneration and inflammatory infiltration. The results of the biochemical assay showed that the transaminase content in the liver tissue of the mice in the subchronic fluoride-exposed group increased, suggesting liver injury. In addition, the detection of oxidative stress indicators showed that chronic subchronic fluoride exposure could lead to an increase in the level of oxidative stress in the liver, and the treatment alleviated this increase. RT-qPCR results showed that compared with those in the control group, the mRNA levels of the inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, the NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream factors NLRP3, caspase-1, gasdermin D (GSDMD) and IL-18 increased in the liver tissue of mice in the subchronic fluoride-exposed group. Treatment alleviated these changes, which proved that sodium butyrate released inflammatory factors during chronic subchronic fluoride exposure and inhibited the protein expression of activated NLRP3 to a certain extent. This result shows that sodium butyrate can play a protective role by antagonizing the production of activated inflammasomes and their downstream inflammatory factors in the livers of subchronic fluoride-exposed mice.
Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Palpebral Conjunctiva: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Shende Ankita , Sharma Neha , Chaturvedi Madhu , Kulkarni Renuka , Mane Yogeshwari
Published: May 2024

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma that commonly affects the upper aerodigestive tract. It is usually seen in elderly male patients. Clinically, BSCC is an aggressive tumour with high rates of nodal and distant metastasis. Palpebral conjunctiva is an unusual site for occurrence of BSCC and only three cases are published in literature till date to the best of our knowledge. BSCC can mimic various other tumours on histopathology and can pose as a diagnostic dilemma on histopathology reporting. Therefore, diagnosis of BSCC, though at a rarer site such as the palpebral conjunctiva is imperative. We report a case of BSCC of left palpebral conjunctiva in a 61-year-old female which was treated successfully after recurrence.
Dealing with Rare Beta Chain Hb Variants – Diagnostic Dilemmas
Authors: Dam Arpita Roy , Awasthi Ashutosh , Norain Mohd , Singh Moharpal , Pandit Jitendra Kr
Published: May 2024

The diagnosis of inheritance of Hb Hope [b136(H14)Gly ? Asp, GGT[GAT] by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is difficult because Hb Hope has a HPLC elution pattern similar to that of Hb Pyrgos, Hb New York, Hb Kodaira, and Hb Phimai. This variant hemoglobin (Hb) is mildly unstable and has reduced oxygen affinity, but is generally innocuous clinically.  We report the use of a capillary electrophoresis (CE) for diagnosis of a rare beta chain variant Hb Hope in two young female patients of Indian origin and mild normocytic anaemia. Hb Hope eluted with a retention time of 125–140 s (Zone 10) of CE electrophoregram. Thus, the CE method provides an accurate diagnosis of Hb Hope which is useful in genetic counseling, prevention and control programs for these hemoglobinopathies.
Cytomorphological Spectrum of Orbital and Peri-orbital Lesions – A Retrospective Study from A Tertiary Care Center, Manipur, India
Authors: Singh Yengkhom Daniel , Pukhrambam Gayatri Devi , Shimray Rachel , Laishram Sharmila , Sarangthem Babina , Persy Haobijam , Akham Ngamba , Khuraijam Sushma
Published: May 2024

Background
Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a reliable, safe and simple diagnostic technique which is being implemented in diagnosing palpable and/or visible lesions in the body. This study was conducted for evaluating the role of FNAC as a routine screening/diagnostic tool in a spectrum of orbital and periorbital lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of FNAC in orbital and periorbital lesions.
Methods
A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Cytology section, Department of Pathology, RIMS for a period of 10 years from April 2013 to May 2022. A total of 95 cases with orbital and periorbital lesions were inducted in the study through purposive sampling. FNAC procedure was done using 10cc/20cc syringe with 23G/22G needle with or without a Cameco handle. Slides were stained using MGG (May-Grunwald Giemsa) and Pap (Papanicolaou) stains followed by their microscopic examination. Demographic parameters such as age and gender as well as clinical parameters such as size, site and duration of the lesion were analyzed.
Result
The mean age of patients was found to be 33 years with a slight male predominance (54 patients; 56.84%). The adequacy of FNAC was 96.82%. Epidermal Inclusion Cyst (30 cases; 31.58%) was the commonest lesion. Five cases (5; 5.26%) were malignant on cytopathology. By applying Kappa statistics, a near perfect agreement (k=0.86) between FNAC and histopathology was observed, being statistically significant, p=0.01 (<0.05).  
Conclusion:
In our study, a high concordance/agreement was observed for the neoplastic lesions, thereby establishing FNAC as a useful tool for screening as well as diagnosing orbital and periorbital lesions. It surrogates other invasive procedures, eliminating complications in nonresectable or inapproachable lesions.
EXTRANODAL NK/T-LYMPHOMA, NASAL TYPE: CASE REPORT
Authors:   Radiation Oncology Department, Oncology Hospital, Hassan II University Hospital. Fez, Morocco., Lahmar Soukayna , Khelfi Samia ,   Radiation Oncology Department, Oncology Hospital, Hassan II University Hospital. Fez, Morocco., Sossy Kawtar ,   Radiation Oncology Department, Oncology Hospital, Hassan II University Hospital. Fez, Morocco., Hassani Wissal ,   Radiation Oncology Department, Oncology Hospital, Hassan II University Hospital. Fez, Morocco., Zahraa Farhane Fatima ,   Radiation Oncology Department, Oncology Hospital, Hassan II University Hospital. Fez, Morocco., Alami Zenab ,   Radiation Oncology Department, Oncology Hospital, Hassan II University Hospital. Fez, Morocco., Bouhafa Touria ,   Radiation Oncology Department, Oncology Hospital, Hassan II University Hospital. Fez, Morocco.
Published: May 2024

Extranodal NK/T-lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTCL-NT), is a highly aggressive malignancy linked to Epstein-Barr virus infection. This type of lymphoma primarily affects nasal or upper aerodigestive structures, resulting in a necrotic process. Despite its clinical stage or treatment, ENKTCL-NT is known for itsunfavorableprognosis,Wepresentis a case of a 57-year-old patient who presented with an ulcerated nasal swelling accompanied by nasal obstruction. Imaging revealed a tumorous process within the nasal cavity. Histological and immunohistochemical studies favored a diagnosis of NK/T lymphomanasal-type.The patient underwent primary chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy, achieving complete clinical and radiological response. This response has been maintained for three years after completing the treatment.
THE MANIFESTATIONS OF LINGUISTIC RICHNESSIN ARABIC VOCABULARY DESCRIPTIVE STUDY
Authors:   Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Islamic Sciences, Karabuk University., Mohamed Mohamed Hefny Rabie , Ibrahim Hassan Othman Mohamed ,   Arabic Language Department, Kulliyyah of Theology, Quranic Sciences & Arabic Language, SultanAbdul Halim Muadzam Shah International Islamic University (UniSHAMS), , 09300 Kuala Ketil, Kedah, Malaysia., Kamal Ibrahim Othman Ammar ,   PhD Researcher., Kamel Hamdy Abdelkareem Lina ,   Masters Researcher.
Published: May 2024

Every language has a wealth of vocabulary. However, this wealth varies from one language to another. Arabic is described as one of the most linguistically rich languages what qualified it to transmit the last message of heaven to earth (the Holy Quran), It carried the light of civilisation to Europe in the Dark Ages of the Middle Ages. Moreover, it was able to preserve for mankind the sciences of previous nations, then it became a pot for its outstanding scientific achievements in mathematics, astronomy, medicine, philosophy, etc. In addition to the pure Arabic sciences that arose with the dawn of Islam to preserve and understand the constitution of this nation, the Holy Quran. This enormous stock of Arabic vocabulary needs scientific treatment to identify the manifestations of its richness. Some make this enormous stock a point of pride that indicates the richness of the language by counting and listing it. On the contrary, others consider this abundance to be a burden that needs to be apologised for. The research concluded that the manifestations of linguistic richness in the Arabic vocabulary in terms of quantity are represented in its phonological diversity, its understood structure, and its abundant roots. As for the quality, is apparent in the accuracy of its semantics and the flexibility of its use.