bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic examination of the choanae in dogs and cats: 118 cases (1988–1998)
Authors: Willard Michael D. , Radlinsky Mary Ann
Published: December 2023

Objective

To determine whether endoscopic examination of the choanae resulted in diagnosis of various diseases in dogs and cats with signs of respiratory tract disease.

Design

Retrospective study.

Animals

91 dogs and 27 cats that had endoscopic examination of the choanae.

Procedure

Medical records were reviewed for endoscopy findings and results of examination of biopsy or cytologic specimens.

Results

34 animals had neoplasia in the choanal region; in 26 animals, diagnosis was confirmed by evaluation of specimens obtained by endoscopy. Five dogs with neoplasia had an erroneous diagnosis of rhinitis made on the basis of evaluation of specimens obtained by endoscopy. Six dogs and 2 cats had foreign objects in the choanae; 7 foreign objects were removed endoscopically, whereas 1 required nasal flushing. Results of endoscopy and biopsy of the choanae provided diagnosis of cryptococcosis and aspergillosis, but did not aid in the diagnosis of pythiosis or nasal mites.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance

Endoscopic examination of the choanae may assist in rapid diagnosis of nasal neoplasms, foreign objects, and certain infectious organisms. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999;215:1301–1305)
Prevalence of Campylobacter spp isolated from the intestinal tract of pigs raised in an integrated swine production system
Authors: Harvey Roger B. , Young Colin R. , Ziprin Richard L. , Hume Michael E. , Genovese Kenneth J. , Anderson Robin C. , Droleskey Robert E. , Stanker Larry H. , Nisbet David J.
Published: December 2023

Objective

To enumerate the prevalence of Campylobacter isolates in the intestinal tract of market-weight swine raised in an integrated swine operation in Texas.

Sample Population

Samples of cecal contents were collected from 595 pigs (mean body weight, 110 kg [242 lb]) at time of slaughter. Pigs were offspring of Yorkshire-Landrace sows and Duroc or Hampshire boars. Pigs originated from 4 farrow-to-finish farms.

Procedure

During a 9-month period, visits were made to a slaughter plant to remove cecal contents from market-weight hogs. Samples were obtained from 50 pigs/visit from designated farms so that samples were obtained 3 times from pigs of each of 4 farms. Isolation of Campylobacter spp was accomplished by use of enrichment broth and restrictive media, using microaerophilic conditions.

Results

Campylobacter spp were isolated from 70 to 100% of the pigs, depending on the farm and the date the samples were collected. Campylobacter coli was isolated from 20 to 100% (mean, 60%) of samples, and C jejuni was isolated from 0 to 76% (mean, 31%) of samples. Campylobacter lari was isolated from 2 pigs. Concentrations of C coli or C jejuni ranged from 103 to 107 colony-forming units/g of cecal content.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance

Campylobacter coli generally is accepted as a common inhabitant of the intestinal tract of swine. However, analysis of results of this study suggests that a relatively high prevalence of C jejuni may be found in pigs raised on specific farms. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999;215:1601–1604)
Pulmonary thromboembolism in cats: 29 cases (1987–1997)
Authors: Norris Carol R. , Griffey Stephen M. , Samii Valerie F.
Published: December 2023

Objective

To determine clinical signs, clinicopathologic abnormalities, radiographic findings, histologic abnormalities, and predisposing factors or diseases in cats with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE).

Design

Retrospective study.

Animals

29 cats in which PTE was confirmed at necropsy.

Procedure

Information on signalment, body weight, history, results of physical examination, results of CBC and serum biochemical analyses, whether PTE was suspected prior to death, type of indwelling venous catheter and duration of venous catheterization, results of thoracic radiography, and whether cats had any concurrent diseases was obtained from medical records.

Results

PTE was identified in cats of various ages (median, 8.7 years), weights (median, 4.1 kg [9 lb]), and breeds. The most common owner-reported problems included lethargy (17 cats), anorexia (14), weight loss (10), and difficulty breathing (8); physical abnormalities included lethargy (21), tachypnea or dyspnea (16), and dehydration (13). Clinicopathologic abnormalities reflected concurrent or underlying diseases. Common radiographic abnormalities included pulmonary vessel abnormalities (11), pleural effusion (8), and peripheral noncircumscribed consolidations (6). Underlying or predisposing conditions, including cardiac disease (12), neoplasia (10), corticosteroid administration (8), disseminated intravascular coagulation (5), protein-losing nephropathy (4) or enteropathy (4), immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (2), and sepsis (2) were identified in all cats.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance

Results suggest that PTE can develop in cats of any age, sex, or breed. Because PTE is a serious, potentially life-threatening disease, it should be suspected in cats with thoracic radiographic changes suggestive of uneven distribution of blood flow between lung lobes, especially in cats that have predisposing factors or diseases. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999;215:1650–1654)
Empyema of the guttural pouch (auditory tube diverticulum) in horses: 91 cases (1977–1997)
Authors: Judy Carter E. , Chaffin M. Keith , Cohen Noah D.
Published: December 2023

Objective

To identify features of guttural pouch (auditory tube diverticulum) empyema in horses and compare findings of uncomplicated guttural pouch empyema with guttural pouch empyema complicated by chondroids.

Design

Retrospective study.

Animals

91 horses with guttural pouch empyema.

Procedure

Medical records of horses with guttural pouch empyema were reviewed.

Results

The most common owner complaint and abnormal finding was persistent nasal discharge. Chondroids were detected in 21% (19/91) of affected horses. Streptococcus equi was isolated from the guttural pouch in 14 of 44 horses; for Streptococcus spp, in vitro resistance to sulfadimethoxine and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was detected. Retropharyngeal swelling and pharyngeal narrowing were significantly more prevalent in horses with chondroids, compared with horses with uncomplicated empyema. Ninety-three percent of affected horses were discharged from the hospital; at time of discharge, 66% had complete resolution of disease, 19% had improvement without resolution, and 15% did not have improvement.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance

Horses with persistent nasal discharge should be examined endoscopically for guttural pouch empyema. Treatment with lavage offers a good prognosis for resolution of uncomplicated guttural pouch empyema. Aggressive treatment with lavage and endoscopic snare removal of chondroids offers a good prognosis and may make surgical intervention unnecessary. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999;215:1666–1670)
Association of herd composition, stocking rate, and duration of calving season with fecal shedding of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in beef herds
Authors: Atwill Edward R. , Johnson Eileen M. , Pereira Maria das Gracas C.
Published: December 2023

Objective

To evaluate the association of herd demographics, parturition variables, stocking rate, and rotational grazing practices with the probability of fecal shedding of Cryptosporidium parvum from beef cow-calf herds in California.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Sample Population

38 beef cow-calf operations.

Procedure

Fecal specimens were collected and examined for C parvum oocysts, using immunofluorescent microscopy. Association between various demographic and management factors and the probability of shedding C parvum were statistically evaluated.

Results

Adjusted for age and month of collection of a fecal sample, cattle from herds with a high number of young calves (≤ 2 months old) on the day of sample collection, a high stocking rate (No. of cattle/acre/mo), or a longer calving season were more likely to shed C parvum oocysts, compared with cattle from herds with fewer young calves, a lower stocking rate, or a shorter calving season. Cattle from herds with a higher number of older calves (> 2 months old) on the day of sample collection were less likely to shed C parvum oocysts, compared with cattle from herds with fewer older calves. Using our multivariate model, rotational grazing systems or season of onset of calving were not associated with shedding status for C parvum oocysts.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance

Reproductive management that would result in a shorter calving season and use of a lower stocking rate for cattle may be associated with reduced risk of C parvum shedding. Intensive rotational grazing systems and time of year for onset of calving season apparently have little effect on reducing prevalence of oocyst shedding. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999;215:1833–1838)
Antibody response to enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis of Filipino colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Cariño Ana Maria D. , Balanag Gregg Austine , Magat Edrienne Myenna , Fellizar Allan , Ortin Teresa Sy , Villaflores Oliver , Guevarra Leonardo , Albano Pia Marie
Published: December 2023

Background

Several species of the gut microbiota have been implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. The anaerobic bacterium enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF), has been identified to produce fragilysin, a toxin known to cleave E-cadherin, thereby leading to carcinogenesis.

Objective

To determine the antibody response of CRC patients against ETBF to ascertain whether significant difference exists or whether antibody response is related to tumor grade and tumor stage.

Methods

Informed consent was obtained from histologically confirmed CRC casesand their age- and sex-matched clinically healthy controls. Plasma samples from the participants were subjected to in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to determine their antibody levels.

Results

Using ETBF total protein as coating antigen, 38/39 (97%) CRC cases and 36/39 (92%) controls showed anti-ETBF IgG above cut-off, while all (100%) CRC cases and 36/39 (92%) controls had anti-ETBF IgA levels above cut-off. With culture broth as coating antigen, all (100%) CRC cases and 37/39 (95%) controls had anti-ETBF IgG levels above cut-off. For anti-ETBF IgA, all (100%) cases and controls had levels above cut-off. Statistical analysis reveals no significant difference (P > 0.05) on the number of CRC cases and controls with IgG and IgA antibody levels above cut-off value. Also, there's no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the mean anti-ETBF antibody levels of cases who were at different tumor grade (well differentiated and moderately and poorly differentiated) and tumor stage (early and advanced).

Conclusions

These results suggest that Filipino CRC cases and their clinically healthy matched controls exhibit antibody responses against ETBF.
The dose of the normal saline pre-infusion and other risk factors for amphotericin B deoxycholate-associated acute kidney injury
Authors: Virojanawat Mathurot , Tungsanga Somkanya , Paitoonpong Leilani , Katavetin Pisut
Published: December 2023

Background

Conventional amphotericin B deoxycholate (AmBd) is the preferred amphotericin B formulation in countries with limited resources despite its nephrotoxicity. Normal saline pre-infusion is a recommended measure to reduce the risk of nephrotoxicity in patients receiving AmBd.

Objectives

To examine the effect of different normal saline solution (NSS) pre-infusion doses, and other potential risk factors, on the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with invasive fungal infection receiving AmBd.

Methods

Adult patients with invasive fungal infections who received intravenous AmBd were included in this retrospective study. Doses of the normal saline pre-infusion were adjusted to the body weight (NSS/BW) and the daily dose of amphotericin B (NSS/AmBd). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to estimate 14 d AKI-free survival rates, and the log-rank test was used to compare AKI-free survivals between groups.

Results

The present study included 60 patients; 31 patients developed AKI during the AmBd therapy. The overall 14 d AKI-free survival was 48.3%. NSS/AmBd, but not NSS/BW, was associated with AKI-free survival in patients receiving AmBd: the higher the NSS/AmBd, the higher the AKI-free survival. Gender, baseline blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and baseline plasma bicarbonate (Bicarb) also affected AKI-free survival. Female gender, higher BUN, and lower Bicarb were associated with higher AKI-free survival.

Conclusions

The present study suggests that low NSS/AmBd, male gender, low BUN, and high Bicarb are risk factors for AmBd-associated AKI. Excluding gender, these risk factors are potentially modifiable and would guide tailoring appropriate preventive measures for AmBd-associated AKI.
Gallbladder metastasis from occult lobular breast carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Dorić Mirsad , Čamdžić Nina , Durmišević Dževad , Babić Mirsad , Salčin Edina Lazović , Kuskunović-Vlahovljak Suada
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Bones, lungs, brain and liver are the most common metastatic sites of breast carcinoma, although invasive lobular carcinoma can give metastases to less common sites, such as the gastrointestinal tract and the female genital tract.

Case presentation: We present the case of a 57-year-old female with colic abdominal pain that was sent to surgery for cholecystectomy. Histopathology revealed a poorly cohesive individual or in single file neoplastic cells infiltrating all layers of the gallbladder. Immunohistochemistry revealed these cells to be CK 116, CK7, GCDFP-15, ER and PR positive, and CK20, HER-2, S-100 and E-cadherin negative. PET/CT showed numerous lytic bone lesions, but ultrasound, mammography, MRI and PET/CT revealed no breast mass.

Conclusion: Although rare and poorly understood, metastases of invasive lobular carcinoma to gallbladder do exist in a minor percentage of patients, presenting usually as exacerbated cholecystitis. The problem are silent cases and patients with no history of breast carcinoma. This case is unique in that even after the diagnosis of metastatic lobular breast carcinoma to the gallbladder, the primary tumour of the breast was not detected.
Epidemiological and histological characteristics of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and its precursor lesions – A single-center study
Authors: Cocuz Iuliu Gabriel , Popelea Maria-Cătălina , Manea Andrei , Niculescu Raluca , Sabău Adrian-Horațiu , Cotoi Ovidiu Simion
Published: December 2023

Objective:

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a skin malignancy that is one of the non-melanocytic skin cancers (NMSCs). The objective of our study was to highlight the epidemiological and histological characteristics of cSCC diagnosed in a clinical county hospital.

Methods

A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed of histopathologically diagnosed cases of cSCC from the clinical Pathology Department of the Mures Clinical County Hospital, Târgu Mureș, Romania. We included 96 cases that were diagnosed between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2020.

Results:

Of the 96 cases included in the study, 82 were identified as cSCC, 5 as Bowen Disease, and 9 as keratoacanthoma. The majority of the cases were diagnosed in 2018 (n = 30; 31.25%) and 2019 (n=36; 37.50%). The median age of the patients was 63.0 years. Slightly over half of the patients were male (n=50; 52.08) and 49 patients (51.04%) grew up in urban areas. Forty-six cases (56.10%) were well differentiated; 25 (30.49%) moderately differentiated, and 11 (13.41%) poorly differentiated. Almost all of the lesions (93; 96.88%) were removed within the safety excision margins.

Conclusion:

Most of the patients were diagnosed with cSCC in 2018 and 2019 and were over 70 years old. The majority were males who grew up in urban areas. Even though most of the lesions were well differentiated and completely excised surgically, the differential diagnoses between cSCC and other skin malignancies were made based on the morphological aspects of the lesions, followed by an immunohistochemical profile when necessary.
Development of semisolid pharmaceutical forms with mometasone furoate
Authors: Rédai Emőke Margit , Jakab Boglárka , Vlad Robert Alexandru , Antonoaea Paula , Todoran Nicoleta , Sipos Emese , Ciurba Adriana
Published: December 2023

Objective

This study aims to develop semisolid pharmaceutical forms for the topical administration of mometasone furoate.

Methods

Two creams (O1 and O2) and four hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-based hydrogels were prepared (H3-H6). Two different sorts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose were used in concentrations of 15 and 20%. Consistency, spreadability, viscosity, and pH were measured. In vitro drug release was determined by a vertical, Franz diffusion cell. Mathematical models were applied for a better understanding of release phenomena.

Results

O1 and O2 presented lower values for penetration depth and spreadability. Hydrogel viscosity is influenced by the type and concentration of the gel-forming agent. Viscosity decreases in the order H6, H5, H4, and H3. pH varies between 4.6 to 5.92, fulfilling the requirements of European Pharmacopiea. Creams showed 5.49 and 6.59% of mometasone released after 6 hours. The lowest viscosity hydrogel presented the best dissolution of 40.11% mometasone after 6 hours.

Conclusions

H3 hydrogel releases the highest amount of mometasone furoate after 6 hours. The release is best described by the Korsmeyer-Peppas model explained by water diffusion and polymeric chain relaxation happen during the swelling of the polymer.
The outcome in critically ill patients admitted for thoracic trauma – A single center analysis over one year
Authors: Branea Oana Elena , Kiss Konrád Ottó , Pui Mihai , Cehan Vlad Dimitrie , Frandes Oana , Vlad Anca Gabriela , Branea Ioan Alexandru , Fulop Andrei Cristian , Chis Monica , Lazar Alexandra Elena
Published: December 2023

Objective: The main objective of the current study was to examine the outcome of critically ill patients in relation to clinical and thoracic injuries. The secondary objectives were to assess the role of CT in the evaluation of the diaphragm and to provide an analysis of prognostic abilities with respect to diaphragm changes.

Methods: This single-center retrospective observational cohort study was conducted in the ICU of Târgu Mureș County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Romania. This study identified 52 critically ill blunted or penetrating chest trauma patients admitted to the ICU from 01 January 2021 to 31 December 2021. CT scan was used to identify thorax injuries and diaphragm thickness. The outcome of all patients was analyzed.

Results: Most of the patients experienced traffic accidents (44.23%) or falls (26.93%). The predominant characteristics associated with chest trauma were rib fractures (92.30%), lung contusions (63.50%), and pneumothorax (53.80%). The most common injury seen in the study was rib fractures, accounting for 92.30% of cases. This was followed by lung contusions, which were present in 63.50% of patients, and pneumothorax, which occurred in 53.80% of cases. It was examined ROC AUC for thickness of the right and the left diaphragm and severity scores. When assessing the thickness of the diaphragm in deceased and survivors, no statistically significant differences were found.

Conclusion: Although no significant differences were found regarding the prognosis between the survivors and the deceased, diaphragm thickness might potentially serve as a predictor for the severity of the injury.
Packed cell volume and its relation to obesity, gender and smoking status
Authors: Abdulqader Bushra Khairuddin
Published: December 2023

Objective: Our aim was to evaluate the packed cell volume (PCV) correlation with body mass index, body fat percentage, also differences between genders and smokers & non-smokers, among Iraqi students.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was done on 112 healthy individuals (from which 52.7% were males), aged between 18-23 years old, in December 2022. A short informative history was taken through a questionnaire, anthropometric measures were taken to calculate body mass index and body fat percentage, and the determination of packed cell volume was done by the Microhematocrit method.

Results: Packed cell volume among males was higher 47.45±3.409% than for females 39.90±3.169%, with a difference statistically significant (p=0.000), also the correlation of PCV revealed direct significance with body mass index (p=0.011) and indirect statistically significant with body fat percentage (p=0.000). The prevalence rate of smoking was 13.4% and the level of PCV among smokers was 46.80±6.085%, significantly higher (p=0.015) than among non-smokers 43.43±4.702%.

Conclusion: Packed cell volume showed a direct correlation with body mass index, an inverse one with the body fat percentage, and was significantly higher among young smokers, emphasising the idea that this parameter can help to evaluate the health risk and to be included in preventive programs and assessment protocols.
“I Ought to Be Getting Him His Feed”: Masculinity Regained in Edith Wharton’s Ethan Frome
Authors: Yoshino Narumi
Published: December 2023

This paper discusses the masculinity of the protagonist Ethan in Edith Wharton’s Ethan Frome in relation to the vehicles he uses. Ethan, who attempts to commit suicide by sledding down a hill with his wife’s cousin Mattie so as to flee his unhappy marriage, but fails and becomes physically crippled in the end, is commonly interpreted as a symbolically demasculinized loser. Against this common (and sensible) interpretation, this essay will focus on his use of carriage, sled, and horses, as his source of mobility, and analyze them in their social and literary contexts to confirm his struggle to regain masculinity.
The Price of Bride Price? Considerations
Authors: Emmers-Sommer Tara
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this essay is to consider the practice of bride price and some of the various outcomes of the practice. Of interest is better understanding cultural tradition, meaning, potential changes in meaning and their associations with the lives of young women, both adverse (e.g., relationships with poverty, domestic violence, etc.) as well as positive outcomes (e.g., higher levels of education, elevated levels of happiness, less tolerance of interpersonal violence, etc.). Considerations and implications are explored as related to the advancement of young women and girls.
Health service user participation in interprofessional collaborative learning — a systematic review on the use of digital solutions / Die Teilnahme von Gesundheitsdienst-Nutzenden an interprofessionell kollaborativem Lernen — ein systematischer Review über den Gebrauch digitaler Lösungen
Authors: Kidritsch Anita , Lagiou Areti , Sakellariou Dikaios , Sakellari Evanthia
Published: December 2023

Background

Interprofessional collaborative learning is the interaction of health and/or social care professionals and/or students who are learning from service users’ clinical data. Digital solutions in primary care facilitate interactive communication. This systematic review aims to identify which digital solutions can facilitate the participation of health service users in collaborative learning for interprofessional service providers, and how service users can participate with the use of digital solutions.

Methods

The databases CINAHL, Cochrane Trials, PubMed, Science Direct and Scopus were searched for original studies in October 2022 using keywords related to health, functioning, interprofessional relations, learning, digitalization, communication and collaboration. Studies chosen had to involve one service user and service providers from at least two health and social care professions.

Results

Eighteen qualitative and quantitative studies published between 2000 and 2022 met all of the inclusion criteria. Studies were situated in educational (n = 7), outpatient (n = 7), and home-based settings (n = 4) and involved two to 10 professions. Digital solutions provided service-user information via video or digital records, and supported simulated encounters via videoconferencing, virtual reality and avatars, or high-fidelity simulation. In this way, these methods and others facilitated the participation of service users in interprofessional learning, via either collaboration on data or general communication.

Conclusion

Several types of digital solutions facilitate active participation of service users in interprofessional collaborative learning, while some facilitate indirect participation. Overall, there is potential to increase the use and implementation of digital solutions in collaborative learning. In future research, the usability of digital tools could also be evaluated.
Factor XI and coagulation. Factor XI inhibitors - antithrombotic perspectives
Authors: Vlădăreanu Ana-Maria , Roşca Adrian
Published: December 2023

Factor XI is a zymogen with an important role in the coagulation cascade. It is activated by FXII, thrombin and or it can be autoactivated. It has a prothrombotic effect after being activated by thrombin, but also through its antifibrinolytic action, stabilizing the formed clot.

Hereditary deficiency of FXI causes haemophilia C - a disease manifested by an usually provoked, small to moderate mucosal bleeding. People with severe FXI deficiency have a low risk of thrombotic events. Conversely, increased FXI values have been found to be associated with increased risk of venous thromboembolism and ischemic stroke.

Lowering serum FXI levels has become a treatment target for the prevention of thrombotic events. New pharmacological agents - FXI inhibitors - have been investigated in phase II clinical trials, with promising results in terms of efficacy and safety in the prevention of thrombotic events. FXI inhibitors are emerging as new anticoagulant agents with broad indication prospects beyond direct oral anticoagulants and vitamin K antagonists.
Evaluation of Bottom-UP Methodologies in Estimating Atmospheric Emissions from Ships: A Case Study of the Itaguaí-RJ Port Complex
Authors: Lopes Jéssica da Silva , Guimarães Claudinei de Souza , Ventura Luciana Maria Baptista
Published: December 2023

Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the two main bottom-up emission estimation methodologies adopted worldwide for preparing vessel emissions inventories, in order to verify their limitations, as well as best practices.
 
Theoretical framework: This study was conducted based on a bibliographical survey of methodologies adopted to estimate emissions, with the premise being the impact on the environment as a result of maritime transport.
 
Methodology: The two most adopted methodologies, AP-42 from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA, 2009)  and the European Environment Agency (EEA, 2019), were selected to estimate pollutant and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions from vessels during hoteling in the Itagui Port Complex (IPC), from 2017 to 2021.  Additionally, the study evaluates the application of methodologies in constructing an emissions inventory.
 
Results and conclusion: The results indicate that container ships were identified as the largest sources of pollution by the EEA methodology (2019), unlike the USEPA method (2009), which identifies bulk carriers. Adopting the EEA (2019) methodology, total emissions were higher than USEPA (2009), up to 45 times higher for NOx and 174 times for PM10, while for SO2 it differs by only 26%.
 
Implications of the research: The study is of fundamental relevance, as choosing the most appropriate methodology for estimating emissions is a crucial step for air quality management and emission mitigation measures.
 
Originality/value: This research has social, scientific and environmental value carried out with real data, implying originality in the discussions presented.
ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ІСТОРІЇ ПОВСЯКДЕННЯ: СУЧАСНИЙ ВІТЧИЗНЯНИЙ ІСТОРІОГРАФІЧНИЙ ДИСКУРС
Authors: БОНДАРЕНКО Олександр , КОЦУР Анатолій
Published: December 2023

дослідження полягає в аналізі стану розроблення основних теоретико-методологічних засад дослідження історії повсякдення у сучасній українській історіографії, визначенні їхньої проблематики та подальших перспектив вивчення. Методологія дослідження ґрунтується на принципах історизму, системності, об’єктивності поряд із використанням загальнонаукових – аналізу, синтезу, абстрагування та узагальнення; історіографічних – конкретно-історіографічного аналізу та синтезу; історични – порівняльно-історичного, хронологічного та типологічного. Наукова новизна полягає у тому, що стаття є першою спробою історіографічної рефлексії щодо теоретико-методологічних засад дослідження історії повсякдення у сучасній вітчизняній історичній науці. Висновки. З’ясовано, що за останні десятиліття в сучасній вітчизняній історіографії відбулося суттєве зростання дослідницького зацікавлення до історії повсякдення і до повсякденності як теоретико-методологічного концепту, яке переросло у сталий науковий напрям. Про це свідчить науковий доробок з історії повсякдення як фактографічного, так і теоретико-методологічного й концептуального рівнів. Підготовлено цілу низку ґрунтовних конкретно-історичних і теоретико-методологічних досліджень й джерелознавчих праць. Встановлено, що їхньою характерною рисою є суттєве переважання конкретно-історичних праць (і за кількістю, і тематикою) над теоретико-методологічними (концептуальними). Ще однією характерною рисою наукових праць є певна понятійно-категоріальна та концептуальна невизначеність історії повсякдення, нечіткість її меж і взаємозв’язків з іншими напрямами антропологічно спрямованої історії. Важливою рисою сучасної історіографії з порушеної проблеми є, крім того, національні особливості щодо з’ясування предмета та методології історії повсякдення, що визначаються рівнем і станом загального розвитку національної історіографії, наявністю наукових традицій та шкіл, ступенем загального розвитку суспільства. Зазначено, що, попри чималу кількість наукових публікацій, ще й досі далеко не всі теоретико-методологічні засади історії повсякдення знайшли розв’язання. Зокрема, це стосується визначення самого поняття “повсякдення”, його об’єкта та предмета. Ці питання й сьогодні перебувають на стадії становлення, не знайшовши свого розв’язання ні в західній, ні в сучасній вітчизняній історіографії. Загалом порушена проблема достатньо складна та потребує дальшого дослідження, насамперед актуальним є напрацювання інструментарію, систематизації підходів, принципів і методів визначення власного предметного поля повсякденності.

Ключові слова: історія повсякдення, теоретико-методологічні засади дослідження, поняття “повсякдення”, вітчизняна історична наука, сучасний історіографічний дискурс.
РЕЧОВЕ, МЕДИЧНЕ ТА СОЦІАЛЬНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ІНСПЕКТОРАТІВ МИТНОЇ ВАРТИ ДИРЕКЦІЇ МИТ У ЛЬВОВІ (середина 1920-х рр.)
Authors: ЗУЛЯК Іван , КУЛИК Соломія
Published: December 2023

Мета дослідження полягає в аналізі речового, медичного та соціального забезпечення інспекторатів митної варти Дирекції мит у Львові всередині 1920-х рр. Методологія базується на принципах історизму, об’єктивності, науковості та системності. Використано методи узагальнення, кількісний, історико-порівняльний, хронологічний, ретроспективний. Важливе місце відведено методу локальної історії з виявленням особливостей речового, медичного та соціального забезпечення інспекторатів митної варти Дирекції мит у Львові всередині 1920-х рр. Наукова новизна. Досліджено актуальну наукову проблему – речове, медичне та соціальне забезпечення інспекторатів митної варти Дирекції мит у Львові окресленого періоду. Висновки. Проаналізовано речове забезпечення працівників митних органів. Зауважено на тому, що проблеми із забезпеченням обмундируванням виникали в середовищі нижчих посадових осіб інспекторатів митної варти, зважаючи на недостатнє фінансування з боку держави. Висвітлено питання “професійних” захворювань, медичного та соціального захисту і зловживань, пов’язаних з отриманням оплачуваних відпусток на підставі медичних довідок. З’ясовано, що, крім тимчасового відсторонення від виконання службових обов’язків, на працівників митної варти накладали матеріальні та дисциплінарні стягнення, їх карали за вчинені правопорушення, як-от: недотримання положень статуту, порушення техніки безпеки, самовільне залишення місця несення служби, допомогу контрабандистам у нелегальному перетині кордону і перевезенні товарів тощо. Доведено, що низький рівень забезпечення функціонерів митної варти сприяв придбанню ними за власні кошти окремих елементів форменого одягу, використанню у службових цілях особистої стрілецької зброї, набоїв та собак.

Ключові слова: Дирекція мит у Львові, інспекторати митної варти, митна варта, дисциплінарне стягнення, матеріальне заохочення.
“ПО СЛІДАХ ДАВНОМИНУЛОГО АФРИКИ – НЕВІДОМИЙ РУКОПИС ЮРІЯ ШУМОВСЬКОГО
Authors: ТАРАС Ярослав , ЯРЕМЧУК Валентина
Published: December 2023

Мета статті – аналіз й оприлюднення рукопису праці Юрія Шумовського “По слідах давноминулого Африки”, з’ясування її значення для археології й етнології Західної Африки. Методологія дослідження ґрунтується на принципах історизму, наукової об’єктивності та систематичності, дотримання яких забезпечило об’єктивне осмислення історичного джерела. У ході роботи послуговувалися комплексом методів, а саме: історично-генетичним, порівняльно-історичним, історичного аналізу й аналогії. Наукова новизна: уперше схарактеризовано структуру праці, розкрито її зміст і систематизовано за тематичними груповими категоріями фотоматеріали, подано перелік картосхем, представлено епістолярій із закордонними науковими інституціями й українським археологом Ярославом Пастернаком. Визначено інформаційний складник матеріалів рукопису як етнологічного джерела подальших наукових візій у царині історично-культурного розвитку народів Західної Африки. Обумовлено про оригінальний спосіб опису автором обрядовості африканських племен на ґрунті не лише власних спостережень, а й порівняльного аналізу з обрядовістю України. Викладено історію пошуку вченим шляхів публікації рукопису. Встановлено важливість для історіографії сучасної етнологічної науки введення його до наукового обігу, перспективність практичному застосуванні для вивчення народностей Західної Африки та висвітлення історії розвитку африканської культури. Висновки. Обґрунтовано доцільність видання праці Юрія Шумовського “По слідах давноминулого Африки” як цінного етнологічного джерела, що увиразнює наукові досягнення представників української еміграційної спільноти за кордоном і потребує поцінування в Україні.

Ключові слова: Юрій Федорович Шумовський, наукова спадщина, “По слідах давноминулого Африки”, Рівненський краєзнавчий музей, Західна Африка, археологія, етнологія
Molecular Characterization of Dermanyssus gallinae in Türkiye Based on 16S and 18S rDNA
Authors: Koç İnak Nafiye
Published: December 2023

The poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778), is widely regarded as the significant ectoparasite of egg-laying hens worldwide. Since many molecular studies on poultry red mites have focused on analyzing COI and ITS1-2 genes, the present study aimed to identify 16S rDNA and the relatively understudied nuclear 18S rDNA genes of Turkish D. gallinae populations. Twenty-eight different D. gallinae populations were collected from henhouses throughout Türkiye, and the target genes were amplified using conventional PCR after morphological analysis. Haplotype analyses of the 16S rDNA sequences revealed 14 different haplotypes, with Turkish D. gallinae grouped into two of these haplotypes. The intra-species genetic variation of the 18S rDNA and 16S rDNA sequences examined in the present study and the available sequences in public GeneBank were determined as 0.17% and 0.53%, respectively. The obtained sequences belonging to D. gallinae from Türkiye were submitted to GenBank for the first time. Given the importance of identifying genetic diversity within and between species across different geographical regions, the obtained data may contribute substantially to the genetic knowledge of the PRMs.
The Relationship Between Vitamin B12 and Telomere Length: A Systematic Review
Authors: Yıldırım Zeyneb , Ekici Emine Merve
Published: December 2023

Telomeres are natural nucleoprotein structures that cover the ends of chromosomes. The phenomenon of telomere shortening, which plays a crucial role in maintaining the stability of the genome, occurs gradually over time when cells undergo division due to the end replication issue. Multiple studies have demonstrated a correlation between telomere shortening and a range of illnesses, including diabetes, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and mortality. Diet and lifestyle can affect telomere length. There exists a beneficial association between telomere length and the Mediterranean diet, particularly with regards to the consumption of dietary fiber derived from whole grains and vegetables. Micronutrients such as vitamins and trace elements also play a role in cell metabolism.  Some micronutrients, such as vitamin D, folate, and vitamin B12, are associated with telomere biology and cellular aging. Vitamin B12 is essential for DNA synthesis and epigenetic methylation processes. The present systematic review examines the results from clinical trials conducted in humans evaluating the role of vitamin B12 on telomere length. Cellular senescence is a state characterized by inflammation, altered cellular metabolism, genomic instability, and telomere dysfunction, which can be induced by changes in methylation patterns and oxidative stress. Vitamin B12 maintains antioxidative defense. Through these pathways, sufficient amounts of vitamin B12 may potentially play a role in the restoration of DNA damage. Most of the evidence is based on very few randomized clinical trials. Therefore, more extensive prospective cohort studies and better-designed randomized clinical trials are required to validate the correlations outlined in this review.
PENGUATAN KARAKTER TOLERANSI MELALUI METODE BERCERITA PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Yulianti Yulianti , Atmoko Adi , Dewi Radeni Sukma Indra
Published: December 2023

Pendidikan karakter harus diterapkan sejak usia sekolah dasar berusia 6-12 tahun, tahapan operasional konkrit dimana masa anak memperoleh dasar-dasar pengetahuan dalam menentukan keberhasilan untuk menyesuaikan diri pada kehidupan dewasa dan memperoleh keterampilan yang bervariasi untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan moral. Namun pada kenyataannya selama ini system pendidikan di sekolah dasar lebih menitikberatkan pada penguasaan pengetahuan, sementara aspek karakter, moral seolah-olah terlupakan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengkaji penguatan karakter toleransi melalui metode bercerita pada anak usia sekolah dasar. Data penelitian ditelusuri dengan studi pustaka dari artikel hasil penelitian yang terpublish di database elektronik SCOPUS, SINTA, dan Google Scholar melalui pendekatan PICO (Population, Intervention, Compare, dan outcame). Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa konstruk personal anak saat belajar melalui pembiasaan bercerita dapat menguatkan karakter toleransi seperti peduli pada sesama teman, kesadaran anak untuk mau berbagi, membaca dan menceritakan informasi yang didapatkannya kepada teman-temannya, ada yang bercerita sambil bermain, bersama teman yang berbeda agama, mau mendengarkan teman yang sedang cerita, mau ngajak cerita dengan siapapun di kelas. Penelitian ini dapat dijadikan rencana tindak lanjut pendidikan karakter di dalam sekolah untuk mengurangi angka anak putus sekolah akibat rasa cemas, takut masuk sekolah, sehingga penciptakan kondisi aman dan nyaman dapat mencegah terjadinya bullying, tindak kekerasan dan juga ujaran kebencian di lembaga SD.
Criteria for Implementation of Circular Economy: Experiences from China and Implications for Vietnam
Authors: Quynh Anh Nguyen , Van Hieu Nguyen , Le Nga Phan , Thi Bich Phuong Nguyen , Thi Hue Hoang
Published: December 2023

The global trend towards the development of a circular economy (CE) is of great significance, including for Vietnam. In recent years, Vietnam has made efforts to establish and improve its legal and policy framework related to CE. This research study aims to examine the evaluation criteria used for assessing CE development in China, a country that has achieved remarkable progress in this area. The findings of this study can provide valuable insights and serve as a crucial reference for Vietnam as it strives to formulate an evaluation criteria set for the effective implementation of the CE policies in the future. Building upon the experiences and lessons learned from the implementation of evaluation and monitoring criteria in China, this study also offers several recommendations for Vietnam's forthcoming implementation efforts. These recommendations encompass the development of comprehensive guidelines for data collection and computation of the evaluation index set, along with the establishment of transparent monitoring and auditing mechanisms for locally sourced data. Furthermore, fostering collaboration among relevant government agencies in data collection and consolidation is crucial. Specific communication strategies and reporting mechanisms tailored to local contexts should be devised, and nationally standardized reference values for evaluation criteria need to be established. Additionally, there is a need to design an evaluation criteria set specifically for the implementation of circular economy practices at the industrial park and enterprise levels in Vietnam.

Keywords: Evaluation criteria, circular economy, China.
Identifying some Criteria for Assessing Changes in the Lifestyle of Workers in Industrial Parks Associated with the Context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Authors: Thanh Truong Dao
Published: December 2023

The Fourth Industrial Revolution, in particular economic impact, competition for human resources, automation, and technology, have had a significant impact on the labor force of industrial park workers. Industrial parks are no longer the same in terms of size, development strategy, resources, and investment focus due to digital technologies. In order to provide arguments for the research process on the creation of new lifestyles to adapt to the fourth industrial revolution and for the policy-making process associated with the human resource development of industrial parks and localities, it is necessary to identify assessment criteria for changes in the lifestyle of industrial park workers in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. This paper will identify criteria for particular categories, such as: shifts in production labor; shifts in political consciousness; shifts in social activities; shifts in family dynamics; and shifts in the spiritual lives of industrial park workers. After outlining the structure for the criteria, the paper will discuss some contemporary concerns about how workers' lifestyles are changing in Vietnam's industrial parks in light of the Fourth Industrial Revolution's current significant influence.

Keywords: Criteria, lifestyle change, workers, Industrial parks, management, Fourth Industrial Revolution.
Social Normativity in the Transition of New Media: the Case of Facebook in Vietnam
Authors: Luong Dieu An Nguyen
Published: December 2023

In recent times, with the prominent emergence of social networks, online cultural and behavioural standards are gradually formed and re-formed in the online sphere, raising the demand to investigate the rules and the development of online social behaviours, as well as the approaches to foster its healthy practice towards cyber civilization. In Vietnam, Facebook is the most popular social media platform, posing as an important space for online discussions and social relations in Vietnam’s cyberspace. Therefore, this study aims to examine how normativity and netiquette are reflected on Facebook, how groups’ subculture on Facebook empowers the conformity of users’ behaviour, and the current situation of ‘Netiquette’ and related rules and regulations in Vietnam. The research seeks to understand how social norms are tested and reformed in online social networks, ultimately impacting beliefs and actions both online and offline. Based on the findings, this study proposes additional approaches to promote a behavioural culture and establish standardized user behaviour on social networks.

Keywords: New Media, Facebook, Social normativity, Netiquette.
Myocardial infarction protective effect of xyloglucan on Drosophila melanogaster: A review
Authors: Monisha K. M. , Dhanu A. S. , Gopenath T. S. , Pandeeswari N. , Swamy G. G. , Murugesan Karthikeyan , Radhakrishnan Anjuna , Murali Uthamalingam , Elango Boojhana , Basalingappa Kanthesh M. , Mathanmohun Maghimaa
Published: December 2023

Myocardial infarction, more often known as cardiac arrest, occurs when the supply of blood to the heart’s coronary artery decreases or ceases, causing damage to the heart muscle. Xyloglucan is a plant polysaccharide. Xyloglucan has been proven in several studies utilizing model organisms to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease by avoiding post-occlusion phases inhibiting apoptosis and enhancing energy metabolism. Many studies utilize Drosophila melanogaster because its SRY-related HMG-box 5 (SOX5) gene encodes a SOX family transcription factor; the human SOX5 ortholog, Sox102F, is well conserved in Drosophila melanogaster. Suppressing Sox102F in flies resulted in significant heart dysfunction, structural defects, and a disturbance in notch signal transduction. This demonstrates that SOX5 serves an important functional part in the heart and that variations in SOX5 concentrations may contribute to the possibility of myocardial infarction. Xyloglucan activity is significant in myocardial infarction and may be lowered in the myocardium after H/R damage by stimulating Notch signaling, which may benefit myocardial survival, angiogenesis, and cardiac function. This review discusses the roles of the human SOX5 and Drosophila SOX102F genes, the notch signaling system, and how xyloglucan in tamarind seeds may defend against heart damage by preventing apoptosis along with improving energy metabolism.
Suplementação de creatina em idosos para a manutenção da massa muscular
Authors: Araújo Lívia Fagundes dos Anjos , Teixeira Beatriz Lara Resende , Santos Esther Faria Sousa , Oliveira Felipe Fróes Moreira de , Prates Fernanda Lacerda , Lopes Lucas Carvalho , Penna Leandro Goursand
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Expor os benefícios que a suplementação de creatina traz para portadores de sarcopenia. Revisão bibliográfica: A sarcopenia caracteriza-se por perda de massa muscular e geralmente ocorre em pessoas com idade avançada. É um processo multifatorial que envolve a renovação das proteínas do músculo esquelético, desnervações, disfunções mitocondriais, alterações inflamatórias e hormonais. Atualmente, o uso da creatina vem sendo difundido como forma de manutenção da massa muscular de pacientes idosos, visando evitar a sarcopenia. A suplementação com creatina indicou melhora da capacidade cognitiva dos pacientes, além do aumento de força, funcionalidade e atividade muscular. Entretanto, não demonstrou melhora efetiva na construção de densidade óssea, mas foi capaz de retardar esse processo. Considerações finais: O composto é benéfico a diversas faixas etárias, mas em especial, em idosos pode ajudar no tratamento e controle da sarcopenia, sua utilização se mostra uma ferramenta promissora no processo de envelhecimento saudável da população. Portanto, evidencia-se a necessidade de mais estudos para confirmar tais informações a partir de estudos mais longos, a fim de expandir o uso de tal estratégia.
Question banks in medical education – An overview
Authors: AK Shanthi
Published: December 2023

In the era of Artificial intelligence and e learning it is a challenging task for medical educators to guide and educate students struggling to cope with the ever-expanding horizon of new discoveries and inventions in the medical field. In this context Question banks have come in a big way to supplement teaching and assessment and are main pillars of support in medical education. This article briefly describes the process of setting questions for a bank, advantages and disadvantages of using question banks as an educational tool.