bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEFINING KEY ELEMENTS THAT SHAPE EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT IN A MASLOW HIERARCHY IN PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Taş Ülge
Published: July 2024

This study focused on employee engagement as a research in the industry using qualitative methods. The purpose of this paper was to define the factors that affect employee engagement, as tested within the framework of Maslow's hierarchy of needs (MHN). Key elements for measuring employee engagement were defined based on MHN. The priority of this study is to determine which factors and to what degree contribute to employee engagement in Maslow's five levels. Data was interpreted with MAXQDA 22 for thematic content analysis. As a result of this study, a strong relationship was determined between employee engagement and the key elements of MHN. The factors of employee engagement are explained as 9 codes (key elements) and defined in the relevant step of the pyramid. There is a lack of applied studies in the literature on employee engagement, making this study original in that respect. In the analysis, a significant relationship was found between self-actualization and 9 key elements. These elements are Expectations, Materials, Recognition, Care, Development, Quality, Team, Progress, and Learn & Grow. The last step is to achieve self-actualization, all these elements must work together. As a result, this study concludes that MHN can offer valuable insights regarding employee engagement.
TÜRKİYE’NİN SÜS BİTKİLERİ İHRACATINDAKİ REKABET GÜCÜ
Authors: Aktaş Çimen Zeynep , Sarıçoban Kazım
Published: July 2024

Çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’nin süs bitkileri ihracat rekabet gücünü ve uzmanlaşma düzeyini belirlemek ve süs bitkileri ihracatında dünya liderleri olan ülkeler (Hollanda, Kolombiya, İtalya, Ekvator ve Almanya) ile Türkiye’nin bir karşılaştırmasını yapmaktır. Çalışmada, 1996-2022 yıllarına ait veriler, Dünya Bankası veri tabanından çekilmiştir. Harmonized System (HS) 1996 sınıflamasına ait “0601”, “0602”, “0603” ve “0604” kodlu süs bitkileri ürün grupları için Açıklanmış Karşılaştırmalı Üstünlükler (RCA) yöntemiyle analizler yapılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, süs bitkileri ürünleri ihracatında Hollanda güçlü üstünlüğe sahip görünürken Almanya ve Türkiye’nin rekabette dezavantajlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Net İhracat İndeksi sonuçları ise Ekvator’un “0603” kodlu ürün grubu ihracatında uzmanlaştığını ve ciddi bir rekabet avantajı elde ettiğini göstermektedir. Son olarak İhracat-İthalat Oranı İndeksi ile yapılan analiz sonuçları süs bitkileri ihracat lideri Hollanda’nın ihracat uzmanlaşmasının 1996-2022 döneminde azaldığını, Ekvator ve Almanya’nın ise uzmanlaşmasının gittikçe arttırdığını ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Aynı indeks sonuçları Kolombiya ve Türkiye’nin “0602” kodlu, İtalya’nın ise “0601” ve “0602” kodlu süs bitkileri ürün gruplarında ihracat uzmanlaşmasının giderek arttırdığını göstermektedir.
Maternal and perinatal outcome in placenta previa
Authors: Patel Dhruvi R. , Mehta Shital T. , Raval Dhwani R. , Mehta Kush M. , Dadhania Avani G. , Desai Forum A. , Danger Kashmira V.
Published: July 2024

Background: Placenta previa is a serious and life-threatening pregnancy complication characterized by bleeding originating from the placental site located in the lower uterine segment. This condition typically occurs during the latter half of pregnancy when the lower uterine segment undergoes stretching.
Methods: This study is a retrospective observational study of total 30 cases of placenta previa from October 2022 to February 2024 at the department of obstetrics and gynecology at SVP Hospital, tertiary center, western Ahmedabad. All women with placenta previa included in this study except patients suffering from any other bleeding disorder. These women were analyzed with age, parity, gestational age, past history of bleeding, clinical features at presentation, blood transfusion, period of gestation at time of delivery, mode of delivery and perinatal outcome.
Results: In present study 30 cases were taken. Majority were registered 66.7% (20), age group between 21 to 30 year patients 87% (26), multiparous 73.4% (22) patients. Most common risk factor is caesarean section 20% (6) followed by D&E 16.6% (5). Common complications include 33.33% (10) postpartum haemorrhage.
Conclusions: Placenta previa is a major risk factor for adverse maternal and perinatal outcome. Good antenatal care, early diagnosis, availability of emergency obstetrics services with senior obstetricians, blood bank facility, ICU care and nicu services can improve maternal and neonatal outcome in high risk cases.
Fetomaternal outcome in pregnancy with cardiac disease-a case series
Authors: Doddamani Usha , M. S. Ramya , Sohail Shali
Published: July 2024

Cardiac disease is an important cause of maternal mortality and morbidity in ante partum and postpartum period.  Incidence of heart disease in pregnancy is <1%. Pre pregnancy diagnosis, counselling, antenatal supervision, delivery at equipped centre and management with multidisciplinary approach favours the maternal and fetal outcome. This consists of case series of 16 patients with cardiac disease admitted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology at Gulbarga institute of medical sciences, Kalaburgi from January 2022 to June 2023.
Acute fatty liver of pregnancy: a diagnostic challenge to obstetrician
Authors: Nayak Kavitha D. , Nambiar Jayaraman
Published: July 2024

Vomiting is a common symptom in pregnancy. However, vomiting in third trimester could be due to uncommon causes. One of the rare causes being acute fatty liver of pregnancy which is life threatening. Here we present an interesting case report and the importance of timely diagnosis of acute fatty liver of pregnancy.
Scoping review of the evaluation of lower uterine segment thickness and trial of labour after caesarean section
Authors: Elegbua Callistus O. , Elegbua Angela A. , Doneh Harold Y. , Adekanye Emmanuel A. , Ani Vincent C. , Ovbiagele Oiseremen S. , Nwagha Uchenna
Published: July 2024

The fact that the integrity of the lower uterine segment (LUS) has not been routinely evaluated sonographically before deciding on the mode of delivery after caesarean section has deemed it fit that the lower uterine segment thickness (LUST) should be assessed. The authors carried out a scoping review in October 2023. Four databases were searched for peer reviewed articles that discussed evaluation of LUST and TOLAC. The year of publication, primary author’s country of origin, sample size, study design, gestational age at ultrasonographic assessment, scanning route and key findings were extracted from the included articles. The articles identified were 625 while 250 were screened after removing duplicates and finally 30 articles were included in the review. The first authors of the included articles originated from 10 different countries and 30% of them were Indians. The most frequently used study designs in the articles were prospective cohort studies (63.3%). Majority of the key findings were as follow: Ultrasonography is the best modality for LUS assessment, LUST measurement is more reliable through vaginal scan; maternal age, body mass index and pregnancy related factors affect LUST and LUST of ≥3.5 mm at term is safe for TOLAC. Maternal socio-demographic characteristics and past obstetric history affect the LUST and success of TOLAC. Ultrasonographic evaluation of the LUST at term is safe, needed before TOLAC and more reliable when conducted through vaginal route. The LUST influences the pregnancy outcome during TOLAC and a LUST cut-off value of ≥3.5 mm is safe for TOLAC.
Outcomes and complications of open mesh inguinal hernia repair in a district-level hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Mostafa Abu Bakar M. , Hossain M. Aslam , Al Mohsin Nazmuddin , Bose Gouranga Kumar , Karim Shah M. Rezaul
Published: July 2024

Background: An inguinal hernia occurs when tissue protrudes through a weak spot in the abdominal muscles near the groin. Open mesh inguinal hernia repair aims to reinforce the abdominal wall with a mesh implant, reducing the risk of recurrence. This study aimed to assess the outcomes and complications of open mesh inguinal hernia repair.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Surgery, Moulvibazar 250 bed District Sadar Hospital from January, 2022 to July, 2023. As the study subjects, a total of 83 cases who had mesh repair for inguinal hernia were enrolled by using a purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed using MS Office tools.
Results: In this study, inguinal hernia recurrence was observed in 3 cases (3.6%), with 2 cases (2.4%) requiring reoperation. Intraoperatively, 96.4% (n=80) experienced no complications, while 1.2% (n=1) each suffered from injury to the spermatic cord and neurovascular structures. Postoperatively, over 10% of participants reported complications, including numbness (18.1%), hematoma (16.9%), scrotal swelling (15.7%), and seroma (13.3%).
Conclusions: Recurrence and reoperation rates in open mesh inguinal hernia repair are relatively low. However, physicians should remain vigilant regarding potential postoperative complications such as numbness, hematoma, scrotal swelling, and seroma in patients undergoing this procedure.
Focused assessment with sonography in trauma: experience of Al Jalla Hospital, Benghazi, Libya
Authors: Tajoury Othman H. , Benkhdoura Mohamed O. , Al-Enezi Hanan , Denaly Ahmed , Elkoom Amna
Published: July 2024

Background: Focused assessment with sonography in trauma (FAST) is a commonly used tool in the diagnosis of trauma. The objective of this study is to compare the positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of (FAST) and abdominal-pelvic computed tomography scans (CTAP) in cases of blunt abdominal injury, as well as to assess the need for abdominal surgery. The aims to investigate if any false negative ultrasound studies were associated with significant morbidity. The findings are also compared with previous studies.
Methods: The data collected from the registry records of Al Jalla hospital over a two-year period from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2023. Data on sonographic findings, computed tomography findings, and patient outcomes were collected. Diagnostic characteristics, including predictive values, were calculated.
Results: A total of 220 patients were included.190 patients underwent FAST, with 25 (13%) showing positive results. Among 90 patients who underwent CTAP, 18 (20%) showed abnormalities, and 10 (5.3%) patients required surgery. When comparing FAST to CTAP in detecting abnormalities, the PPV and NPV were 0.625 and 0.857, respectively. When comparing FAST to the need for surgery, the PPV and NPV were 0.217 and 0.977, respectively. 4 patients (0.98%) had negative FAST results but still required surgery. No significant adverse outcomes or surgical interventions were observed in patients with normal vital signs, normal initial physical examination, and negative FAST findings who did not undergo CTAP.
Conclusions: In patients with an initially normal physical examination and negative FAST results, emergent CTAP may be avoided.
A study of predictors of lower extermity amputations in diabetic foot ulcer
Authors: G. Baskaran , T. Vinodh Kannan , M. Subhashini , J. Joe Praveen Kumar , B. V. Jyosthna , M. Dinesh
Published: July 2024

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are severe complications in diabetes, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. A simplified classification system including precise prediction indicators for lower extremity amputations (LEA)  would aid decision-making.
Methods: This prospective observational study included 100 patients with diabetic foot ulcers admitted to Government Villupuram Medical College & Hospital over one year.
Results: Approximately 38% of the patients were above 60 years, 31% were aged 51-60 years, and 12% were under 40 years. The mean age was 56.67 with a standard deviation of 12.97. Around 78% of the patients were males. 32% had SHTN, 22% CAD, 11% CVA, and 22% CKD. The diabetes duration was ≤5 years for 45% and >5 years for 55%. 62% were on oral hypoglycaemics agents, and 38% on insulin. About 56% were on regular treatment. Surgical treatments included above-knee amputation (5%), below-knee amputation (20%), Chopart’s amputation (11%), wound debridement (41%), intertarsal amputation (1%), Lisfranc amputation (11%), and Ray’s amputation (9%). Ulcers were found on the foot (68%), leg (28%), and sole (4%). Ulcer grading showed 12% grade I, 40% grade II, and 48% grade III. Staphylococcus was the most common organism cultured (55%).
Conclusions: Diabetic foot ulcers are preventable yet lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Future studies should focus on early diagnosis and treatment to improve patient outcomes.
Gallbladder agenesis associated with dextrocardia in an adult patient: case report
Authors: García Ramos Bonifacio , Jiménez Adrián Ferrer , Trejo Mónica Angulo , Becerra Jesús Manuel Rodríguez
Published: July 2024

The aim was to disseminate information about gallbladder agenesis and its association with some congenital malformations, in this case, with dextrocardia. The case report of a patient with dextrocardia and diagnosis of cholecystolithiasis (by ultrasound) who presented with agenesis of the gallbladder is presented. The patient was scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, however, during the surgical procedure, the absence of a gallbladder was evident. Gallbladder agenesis is a rare anatomical variant and its association with cardiac malformations in adult patients is uncommon.
Strangulated lumbar hernia: an exceptional case of intestinal obstruction
Authors: Patil Aishwarya , Irpe Ajinkya , Satpute Anuprit
Published: July 2024

Lumbar hernia is a rare condition and about 325 cases reported so far, not more than 30 cases of strangulated lumbar hernia have been reported in the surgical literature since 1889. Therefore, diagnosis can be easily misdiagnosed. We present a case of a 75-year-old gentleman, who had come with acute intestinal obstruction with strangulated right inferior lumbar hernia. We did exploratory laparotomy with resection and anastomosis and repair of hernia defect. As per our observation this is 31st reported case of strangulated/obstructed lumbar hernia in literature.
Giant free lying appendicolith perforated through the mid segment of appendix
Authors: Sultana Reshmi , Sindhu A. Nyna , Parmeshwar Tushar , Kallem Srinivas R. , Balachandran Harikrishna , Sahoo Samarth
Published: July 2024

Appendicoliths, though typically small and asymptomatic, occasionally manifest as giant calculi exceeding 2 cm in diameter and can precipitate acute appendicitis.1 This case report delineates the presentation, diagnostic challenges, and management of a rare 2.2 cm appendicolith-induced acute appendicitis in an adult male patient. Despite financial constraints necessitating an open appendicectomy, the procedure resulted in a successful clinical outcome without postoperative complications.
Kimura’s disease: rare inflammatory condition mimicing as soft tissue neoplasm
Authors: Manjappa Adarsha A. , Sultana Reshmi , Kallem Srinivas R. , Balachandran Hari K. , Sahoo Samarth , Ramavath Krishna , Rao Siddharth S. , Sivakoti Sumitra
Published: July 2024

Kimura’s disease is rare benign chronic inflammatory condition of unknown etiology involving head and neck region. The characteristic features of this condition are elevated serum IGE levels and microscopic picture reveals lymphoid proliferation with eosinophilic infiltration. It is commonly misdiagnosed as soft tissue neoplasm. Surgical wide local excision is the main stay of treatment.  Sometimes combined therapy (excision and postoperative radiotherapy) is needed. Here we are presenting one interesting rare case, 32-year-old male with post auricular swelling, diagnosed as soft tissue tumor preoperatively, after excision came out as kimura’s disease.
Solitary fibrous tumour of mesentery: a rare tumour-case report and a comprehensive review of literature
Authors: Sharma Akshita , Singh Iqbal , Wig Jai Dev , Verma Shiv Prakash , Basude Ajay Kisanrao
Published: July 2024

Solitary fibrous tumours (SFTs) represent an infrequent clinical entity distinguished into pleural and extrapleural forms, with morphological resemblance. Literature exists on extrapleural forms of SFTs but few cases originating from small bowel mesentery have been reported. We report here one such case of a 64-year-old male presenting with abdominal pain and mass in the right lower quadrant of abdomen. Radiology suggested a neoplastic etiology arising from the jejunum which was surgically resected. Histopathology confirmed a spindle cell tumour originating from small bowel. Patient had an uneventful clinical course and was discharged after 1 week of surgery. We also reviewed the literature on SFTs arising from mesentery and found that only 24 cases have been reported worldwide in the past 35 years.
Treacher Collins syndrome: current and emerging treatment options
Authors: Varela-Gómez Fernando Fernández , Vallarta-Compeán Santiago , Luna-López Ingrid , Tirado-Calderón Camila Ortiz
Published: July 2024

Treacher Collins syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by bilateral craniofacial malformations, including mandibular and zygomatic hypoplasia, cleft palate, and eye anomalies, resulting in significant variability in symptom severity. The syndrome, with an incidence of approximately 1 in 50,000 births, is primarily caused by mutations in the TCOF1 gene and less frequently by mutations in POLR1C and POLR1D genes, disrupting ribosome biogenesis crucial for craniofacial development. Clinical manifestations encompass diverse craniofacial, auditory, and skeletal abnormalities, often leading to airway complications and hearing loss. Management involves a multidisciplinary approach, combining surgical interventions such as mandibular distraction osteogenesis and orthognathic surgeries with advanced imaging techniques for precise planning. Hearing loss is managed with bone conduction aids and cochlear implants, although outcomes may vary due to associated anomalies. Genetic testing aids in diagnosis and family planning decisions, while emerging therapies like genome editing and regenerative medicine show promise for future treatments. Despite challenges in long-term management and relapse rates in surgical corrections, ongoing research aims to enhance therapeutic efficacy and patient outcomes, emphasizing the need for tailored treatment strategies addressing both functional and aesthetic aspects.
Urbanização e cidades médias: papéis da difusão urbano-regional de comércio e serviços de Petrolina (PE) e Campina Grande (PB)
Authors: Lourenço Pedro Mateus Silva , Santiago Patrick José , Silva William Ribeiro
Published: July 2024

As cidades médias são importantes nós da rede urbana brasileira. Os estudos delas, em diferentes contextos, têm extrema relevância devido à centralidade que essas cidades exercem frente às regiões onde estão inseridas. Diante disso, é importante o estudo do geral e do singular dessas cidades a partir da atuação dos agentes modeladores do espaço urbano e nas estruturas urbanas de cada uma delas. Assim, buscamos trabalhar de modo analítico e teórico as cidades de Campina Grande - PB e Petrolina - PE, ambas estão localizadas no semiárido nordestino e importantes na REGIC 2018 pela influência regional. Buscamos, aqui, compreender essas cidades sob a ótica da centralidade e de sua estruturação interna, compreendendo as similaridades e peculiaridades por meio da presença de agentes modeladores e seus empreendimentos. Entendemos, por fim, que a presença intensificada desses agentes em cidades médias têm apresentado nesses espaços urbanos uma reconfiguração, modelando nas últimas décadas essas cidades.
LOS GENEROS ALLOMAIETA Y CYPHOSTYLA (MELASTOMATACAE)
Authors: Lozano C Gustavo , Becerra de Lozano Nubia
Published: July 2024

Se analizan los principales caracteres morfológicos utilizados por Gleason ( 1929) para la separación de estos géneros. Se propone incluir el género Cvphoslvla como sinónimo de Allomaieta y mantener la tribu Cyphostyleae. Se presentan a consideración cuatro nuevas especies y tres nuevas combinaciones incluyendo una clave que nos permite reconocerlas fácilmente.
ORIGEN BOTÁNICO DEL ASA DE UNA BOLSA FUNERARIA DE LA CULTURA CHINCHORRO DEL NORTE DE CHILE
Authors: Belmonte Eliana , Gómez Miguel , Mujica Ana María , Bastías Elizabeth , Montenegro Gloria
Published: July 2024

Los aborígenes costeros del sur peruano y norte de Chile desarollaron la cultura Chinchorro (7020 al 1500 A.e.) y practicaron la momificación artificial: complejo tratamiento intensivo del cuerpo con reemplazo o refuerzo de huesos con armazones de palos. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar el origen botánico del asa de una bolsa de fibra vegetal (chinguillo) que formaba parte del ajuar funerario del cuerpo 6, tumba 22, sitio Morro-l, extremo norte de Chile. La identificación del fragmento vegetal se hizo comparando caracteres anatómicos entre el material de contexto arqueológico y especies leñosas actuales que habitan los valles costeros de Uuta, Azapa y Camarones. Los resultados muestran similitud entre el asa del chinguillo y Schinus molle L., Anacardiaceae.
THE RELATIONSHIPS OF AN ENSEMBLE OF GUATEMALAN AND MEXICAN FROGS (ELEUTHERODACTYLUS: LEPTODACTYLIDAE: AMPHIBIA)
Authors: Lynch John D.
Published: July 2024

Eleutherodactylus daryi and E. greggi are shown to be species of the Eleutherodactylus gollmeri group which is defined on the basis of having a synapomorphy (fusion of sacrum and presacral vertebrae). Eleutherodactylus omiltemanus is a species of the rhodopis Series rather than thefitzingeri Series. The Eleutherodactylus omiltemanus group disappears because ali of its contained members are placed in other species groups. Eleutherodactylus saltator is a synonym of E. mexicanus. Eleutherodactylus rhodopis sensu lato contains two species, a larger upland E. rhodopis and the more widely distibuted lowland E. loki.
The rhodopis Series, containing the rhodopis group, is not definable because no synapomorphies are apparent. Eleutherodactylus occidentalis and E. omiltemanus are assigned to this "group. " Within this "group " there is a cluster of species having black mesorchia (E. hobartsmithi, E. mexicanus, E. pygmaeus, and E. sarton), one having a shortened inner toe (E. jota and E. podiciferus), and one having conical subarticular tubercles (E. bransfordii, E. lauraster, E. loki, E. occidentalis, E. omiltemanus, E. rhodopis, and E. stejnegerianus).
Sixty of the 84 essentially Mesoamerican species of the subgenus Craugastor are placed in a monophyletic subunit based on the common presence of marked sexual dimorphism in tympanum size. The subunit includes the nine species ofthe gollmeri group, the thirteen species of the rhodopis group, and 38 additional species (the three species of the biporcatus group, the eleven species of the milesi group, eight species of thefitzingeri group, 15 species of the rugulosus group, and E. uno). The 24 species of Craugastor not included in that clade are the 13 species of the alfredi group (including E. bocourti), the two species of the augusti group, the two species of the bufoniformis group, three species removed from thefitzingeri group (E. andi, E. cuaquero, and E. emcelae), and four species removed from the rugulosus group (E. anatipes, E. anomalus, E. cheiroplethus, and E. zygodactylus).
UNA NUEVA ESPECIE DEL GÉNERO STURNIRA (CHIROPTERA, PHYLLOSTOMIDAE) DE LOS ANDES COLOMBIANOS
Authors: Contreras Vega Mario , Cadena Alberto
Published: July 2024

Se describe una nueva especie para el género Sturnira, con base en un espécimen capturado en la cordillera Occidental de Colombia; el holotipo se caracteriza por el primer molar inferior con una cúspide lingual (paraconúlido) notoria y distintiva entre el paracónido y metaconido.
LENGUADOS DE LA FAMILIA PARALICHTHYIDAE (PISCES: PLEURO­NCC1I FORMES) CONOCIDOS DEL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Saavedra-Díaz Lina María , Acero P Arturo , Navas S. Gabriel R.
Published: July 2024

Dieciocho especies de lenguados de la familia Paralichthyidae son conocidas del Caribe conti­nental colombiano; quince de ellas tienen material depositado en la Colección de Referencia del INVEMAR. La información de las tres restantes se obtuvo de material bibliográfico. Los géneros más especiados en el área son Citharichthys (ocho especies) y Syacium (tres especies). Los géneros Ancylopsetta y Cyclopsetta incluyen dos especies cada uno; A. cycloidea es un nuevo registro para la costa norte de Colombia. Etropus, Gastropsetta y Paralichthys tienen una especie cada uno en aguas del Caribe colombiano. Se incluyen claves genéricas y específicas; las especies examinadas están ilustradas para facilitar su identificación.
The Comparison of Fragility Curves of Moment-Resisting and Braced Frames Used In Steel Structures under Varying Wind Load
Authors: Özalp Abdulkadir , Gökdemir Hande , Çiftçi Cihan
Published: July 2024

In this study, the performance of two different steel structure types (moment-resisting frame and braced frame) under wind loading was compared by addressing the fragility curves of these structure types. To perform this comparison, the dimensions of the members of these structural systems were first determined. Then, nonlinear static pushover analyses were conducted to assess the performance levels of each frame type. After applying these analyses, time-history analyses were performed with 100 different wind loads for each varying equivalent mean wind speed. Afterwards, the probability of exceeding the predetermined structural performance limits of the structure types was determined using Monte Carlo simulation method. Finally, the results of the simulation method were used to adapt the maximum likelihood estimation method to obtain the fragility curves of the structures. To conclude, it has been revealed that the material cost of the structure doubles when diagonal elements are used, but the wind speed required for a 100% collapse probability to occur in the braced frame is twice as high compared to the moment-resisting frame.
Liberalism as a Prerequisite for Biopolitics: the Concept of M. Foucault and Russian-Soviet Practice in the Context of the Theory of Political Alienation
Authors: Makarenko V.P.
Published: July 2024

Michel Foucault posed the problem of analyzing state interest (hereinafter referred to as GI) and finding ways to limit it. To solve the problem, he formulated the starting premises: orthodoxy (in religion) and loyalty (in politics) are not the norms of religious and state life; the state is not a transhistorical phenomenon, and its interests are not supra-individual; therefore, revolutions (and not stability) are the norm of state existence. In order to substantiate these premises, Foucault developed cognitive means: the denial of universals and the formulation of the problem of possible history; nominalistic definition of GI; criticism of the current economic, military-diplomatic and police forms of implementation of the GI; fixing the contrast between the foreign and domestic policies of states; qualification of law, political economy and truth as ways to limit GI and necessary prerequisites for biopolitics. These also include liberalism. In the course of lectures “The Birth of Biopolitics,” Foucault considers liberalism as the basis of a new art of government. As part of this art, he discovered and analyzed a specific problem-conceptual structure: the relationship between moderate governance and the market; transition from jurisdiction to verification; mode of truth; the difference between government and state interests; the relationship between law and truth; political critique of knowledge; police state; ways to limit government power; concepts of law; modern state mind. The purpose of the article is to summarize Foucault’s conclusions about the main elements of this structure and pose the problem of their application to explaining the preconditions of Russian-Soviet biopolitics in the context of the theory of political alienation.
Notes on Power and Its Legitimacy
Authors: Rozin V.M.
Published: July 2024

The article examines three points of view on the nature of power, and the author believes that power, although it belongs to the social whole, is exercised by people and is therefore anthropologically determined. At the same time, he considers sociality within the framework of a cultural approach. Examples of historically early and later forms of awareness of power are analyzed. Based on this analysis, a concept of power and an explanation of its legitimacy are proposed. The author believes that the two-layer structure of power (socio-cultural structure (order) and anthropological basis) allows us to understand both its normal functioning and, so to speak, “deviant social deviations” (anomies). Examples of both are given. The ideas about power and legitimacy proposed by the author should be considered as ideal-typical constructions according to M. Weber. That is, these are diagrams that allow one to schematize empirical material and navigate it. When the researcher encounters new types of power, these schemes must be adjusted or new schemes must be introduced.
The Development of Regional Parliamentary in Russia (On the Example of the Last Lensoviet and the First Convocations of the Legislative Assembly of St. Petersburg)
Authors: Sungurov A.Yu.
Published: July 2024

The article examines the processes of formation of a new regional parliamentary in the last decade of the XX – early XXI century on the example of the Leningrad City Council of the XXI convocation, which operated in 1990–1993 and the first two convocations of the Legislative Assembly of St. Petersburg (1995–2003). Leningrad (since September 1991 – St. Petersburg Council of People's Deputies) It was rather an attempt to put into practice the slogan “All power to the Soviets”, or an authority operating in a purely parliamentary republic. At the same time, it became an important school of parliamentary, which allowed sixteen of its former deputies, elected in 1994 as deputies of the Legislative Assembly of St. Petersburg of the first convocation, to become the basis for its successful activities, culminating in the development and adoption of a well-balanced Charter of St. Petersburg. An important characteristic of the activities of the first two convocations of the Legislative Assembly of St. Petersburg was also the absence of any dominant factions in its composition.
On the Question of the Past as the Basis for Regulating the Present and the Standard for the Future: “Mobilization of the Middle Ages” in Modern Russian Public Consciousness
Authors: Korenevsky A.V.
Published: July 2024

The article is a homage to the outstanding philosopher and political analyst V.P. Makarenko, timed to coincide with his two anniversaries – the “questionnaire” (eightieth birthday) and the creative one – the half-century anniversary of the hero of the day’s research in the field of “Weberian studies”. Nominated by V.P. Makarenko’s interpretation of the sociological concept of Max Weber as a “special case of pseudo-historicism” – a form of conscious (“ideological”) traditionalism that arises in a situation of total collapse of social foundations, the author proposes to use as an analytical framework for understanding such a modern (including Russian) phenomenon, as “retrotopia”, which most clearly appears in the form of “medievalism” – a utilitarian reception of the ideological heritage of the Middle Ages in relation to the needs of current politics, ideology and culture. From the author’s point of view, medievalism, in the Russian version of which Byzantine images and motifs clearly predominate, is by no means an invention of our time: in fact, it is a secondary form of reception of the ideological heritage of the Middle Ages, characteristic of the 19th century. Thus, modern Russian medievalism in a broader sense represents one of the manifestations of the basic cultural metaplot of the “lost paradise” – nostalgia for the century traditionally considered the “golden age of Russian culture” and the pinnacle of imperial power.
African Transit in Regional and Global Context
Authors: Neklessa A.I.
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the methodological and prognostic aspects of the African political transformation. The umbrella category of “postcoloniality” is becoming the framework concept for several processes unfolding both in the territories of the Global South as well as in the global North. The former colonial world and its inhabitants are undergoing a complex transition: from a traditional society to a modern social order; harnessing the fruits of decolonization and diversification of forms of co-presence in the cross-border postmodern community. Today, post-colonial problems are recognized in a wide range of phenomena, and they gradually become an important element of the force that influences the outcome of this historical transition not only from the regional perspective of the Third World, but also in the global dimension.
Reasons for and Conditions of Origination of Legal Conflicts
Authors: Belyaeva Olga V. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of State and Legal Disciplines of the Orel Law, Kulakova Yulia Yu. ,   Deputy Head of the Department of Theory of State and Law of the Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry
Published: July 2024

The article examines the concept of legal conflict, the essential characteristics of legal conflicts, the subjective and objective causes and conditions of legal conflicts.
Conflicts of Political Efficiency and Legality in the Interpretation of the Essence of Law on the Example of the USSR of the 1920s to the 1930s and Contemporary Western Countries
Authors: Levchuk Sergey V. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil and Legal Disciplines of the Plekhanov Russian University
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the issues of conflicts of the essence of law in the approaches of Soviet scientists and statesmen of the USSR in the 30s and their analogies in modern conditions, using the example of the legal policy of Western countries in relation to the Russian Federation. The author focuses on the problem of politicization of the principle of expediency both in the law of the USSR and in the modern conditions of the sanctions pressure of Western countries on Russia. The article points out the positive and negative aspects of revolutionary expediency within the framework of the administrative command system and the mechanism of legal regulation in the USSR. And also — on the illegality of the priority of political expediency and certain “rules” in the politics of Western countries over international law in modern conditions. In conclusion, the author concludes that the interests of both the revolutionary expediency in the USSR and the representatives of the “deep state” in the modern United States are directly dependent on collisions in the assessments of the essence of law, which are mediated by the political and economic interests of the dominant forces.
May Parties to a Private Law Dispute Deal with Facts in a Judicial Procedure?
Authors: Eliseev Nikolay G. ,   Professor of the S.N. Lebedev Department of Private International and Civil Law
Published: July 2024

The article substantiates the fundamental possibility to dispose of facts within the framework of legal regulation, especially through the application of admission of facts; presents a brief excursion into the Russian history of judicial admission and analyzes its main concepts; shows on the example of foreign practice approaches to the solution of key issues in the case of application of the dispositive theory of admission.
Interpretive Legal Acts as a Judicial Control Subject
Authors: Ivkin Stanislav V. ,   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Civil and Administrative Proceedings of the Russian State University
Published: July 2024

legal regulation and judicial control over the legality of interpretative acts are considered. The definition of the concepts of an interpretative act and judicial control over the legality of such acts is given. The criteria for judicial review of interpretative acts are highlighted.
The Institution of Public Manifestations as a Deliberative Democracy Form
Authors: Drobot Semen E. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Constitutional and Municipal Law of the Institute of Philosophy and Law
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the institution of public manifestations in the context of the development of forms of deliberative democracy. Public demonstrations are considered not only as a form of protest civic activity, but also as a way to involve citizens in the process of changing the constitution. There is a lack of development of the potential of rallies and peaceful assemblies for the purpose of increasing civil participation in the initiation and discussion of constitutional projects. It is proposed to impose on the authorities the obligation to maintain open statistics of public demonstrations related to civil constitutional initiatives, as well as the introduction of a simplified procedure for holding meetings aimed at discussing constitutional changes.
On the Public Administration System
Authors: Rossinsky Boris V. ,   Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, LL.D., Professor
Published: July 2024

The article examines the relationship between the public authority system and the public administration system. It is shown that these systems are not identical: the first is significantly narrower than the entire public administration system. It is noted that the functions of public administration are implemented in the work of a variety of subjects, which include numerous bodies and organizations. It is argued that such functions as policy development at the public level, planning and coordination, as well as supervision remain mainly the prerogative of certain public bodies, and regulation and management began to be carried out by other legal entities. It is argued that functions such as analysis, forecasting, organization and especially control are inherent in many subjects who do not have public authority, but are actually actively involved in the process of public management. It’s concluded that state corporations, state-owned companies and a number of other organizations, including municipal ones, are subjects of the public administration system.
Some Aspects of the Legal Regulation of Labor of Employees of Internal Affairs Agencies in Special Service Conditions
Authors: Ruzaeva Elena M. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Administrative and Financial Law of the Orenburg State University, PhD (Law), PhD (Pedagogy)
Published: July 2024

The article considers that the peculiarities of the legal regulation of the activities of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation in special conditions, which are of great importance for both the theory and practice of their functioning, and represent not just a recommendation, but a mandatory sphere and side of their functioning. This is an environment in which police officers are required to be ready for effective action under certain circumstances. The author clarifies that the main problems of legal regulation of labor and the improvement of the legal framework in the field of legal regulation of the work of police officers serving in special conditions are carried out using various legislative and subordinate regulatory legal acts.
Análisis de viabilidad económica y opciones de financiamiento público para la producción de palma africana: el caso de BanEcuador
Authors: Ortiz Mosquera César Geovanny , Miranda Mejía Jorge Joffre , Paita Ríos Ronald Adriano , Guillín Llanos Ximena Minshely
Published: July 2024

La evaluación de proyectos constituye una de las herramientas financieras más útiles para aquellas personas que deciden implementar su idea de inversión. Para evaluar la viabilidad económica de la producción comercial de palma africana en el norte de Ecuador (provincia de Esmeraldas) se formuló y evaluó una propuesta de inversión según la metodología de proyectos de inversión. La información para el análisis se obtuvo en el año 2021, año de inicio de actividades, la duración del proyecto fue de 15 años. Esto incluye análisis de viabilidad comercial, técnica, financiera y económica, teniendo en cuenta la estructura de financiamiento al 100 % por parte de BanEcuador BP. Además, se realizó un análisis de sensibilidad de cuatro variables independientes y su impacto en los escenarios pesimista y optimista sobre el escenario base en el comportamiento de indicadores de rentabilidad: VAN, TIR. Los resultados bajo certidumbre y cálculos estimados se obtuvo un VAN de $ 1 676 374,48, una TIR de 17 %, un PR de 8,4, una R B/C de 3,82, cálculos que fueron desarrollados con el 6,22 % del WACC. Como resultado, en situaciones inciertas y escenarios pesimistas, el proyecto sigue teniendo éxito en la mayoría de variables analizadas. En virtud de estos hallazgos, se concluye que el proyecto es efectivo y se recomienda su implementación, ya que demuestra resiliencia, incluso en circunstancias inciertas y adversas.
Impacto de los sistemas de información en la agricultura inteligente: Una revision general
Authors: Bowen Quiroz Geover Alexander , Medranda Cobeña Gema Isabel
Published: July 2024

Los sistemas de información (SI) desempeñan un papel fundamental en la agricultura inteligente, ya que permiten la recopilación, el análisis y la gestión de datos para mejorar la toma de decisiones, la eficiencia, la sostenibilidad y la rentabilidad en la agricultura, no obstante, el principal desafío es la brecha digital en la ruralidad.  Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la literatura científica disponible sobre el impacto de los SI en la agricultura inteligente, incluyendo estudios empíricos y revisiones sistemáticas. La investigación tiene un diseño descriptivo de tipo bibliográfico con nivel de síntesis aplicando la metodología RSL, la técnica de recopilación de datos utiliza recursos electrónicos, buscando en Google Scholar, IEEE, Scopus, entre otros. Los resultados evidencian el impacto de los sistemas de información en la agricultura con relación a la eficiencia agrícola. Se deducen las tendencias, se destacan patrones y recomendaciones basadas en las investigaciones analizadas con el fin de mejorar la implementación y uso de SI en la agricultura inteligente.
Genetic Evaluation of Heterosis and Combining Ability of Quality Protein Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids under Terminal Heat Stress Conditions
Authors: Teja K. Vinay , Raju K. Krishnam , Reddy K. Rashmi , Sil Poulami , Rao M. Subba , Gupta Vishal Kumar
Published: July 2024

Background: The development of quality protein maize (QPM) hybrids tolerant to terminal stress environments has been an essential strategy for reducing the associated loss in grain yield. A study by Badu-Apraku et al., (2019) employed line × tester analysis in QPM breeding, highlighting its efficacy in selecting QPM hybrids. While QPM varieties resistant to disease, drought and environmental stresses have been developed conventionally, the adoption of improved QPM genotypes in farmers’ field is restricted mainly due to lack of proper team effort among maize breeders, farmers, agricultural extension workers and other relevant stakeholders. Methods: In line × tester mating design, six lines and three testers were crossed under heat stress environment and 18 F1s along with parental lines were evaluated along with check varietal during summer season, 2023, P.G research farm, CUTM, Paralakhemudi, Odisha. The objective of the current study was to evaluate parental lines and its crosses based on combining ability and heterosis. Result: ANOVA revealed significant to revealed significant differences for all the traits between parents, lines, testers and lines vs testers, except for cob height, chlorophyll content and canopy temperature. σ2GCA/σ2SCA values for parents/hybrids recorded lower than unity for all the trait studied suggesting preponderance of non-additive gene action. Parental lines CML149, CML143 and CML330 are the best general combiners for early flowering, grain yield per plant and antioxidant status. Among eighteen crosses, two hybrids CML149 × CML330 and CML143 × CML193 recorded significant SCA effects for early flowering, grain yield per plant and antioxidant levels. Hybrids CML149 × CML330 (33.31%) and CML143 × CML193 (28.31%) noted significant standard heterosis for grain yield per plant over commercial check, HQPM-1. Hybrids CML149 × CML330 and CML143 × CML193 were resilient to terminal heat stress as they didn’t exhibit signs of leaf firing, tassel blast, root lodging and loss of yield.
Induction of Apoptosis and ROS Production in Liver Cancer Cells by Saponin Fraction from Alcea rosea L. Seeds
Authors: Abutaha N.M.T. , Alghamdi R. , Al-Waddan M.
Published: July 2024

Background: Natural compounds are essential targets in anticancer research due to the toxic effects of current chemotherapy and drug resistance. Methods: Saponin extraction from Alcea rosea L. was carried out using 20% methanol and liquid-liquid extraction coupled with the Solid phase extraction (SPE) approach. The saponin fraction was explored for its cytotoxic activity against Huh-7 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines and a non–cancer cell line (HUVEC). The cytotoxic activity and oxidative stress were assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and 2,7 dichlorofluorescein diacetate dyes respectively. The apoptotic potential was investigated using DAPI and acridine orange-ethidium bromide dual staining. Result: The saponin fraction exhibited cytotoxic potential against the cell lines investigated. The IC50 values of the saponin fraction were 49.02, 300 and 325 µg\mL against Huh-7, MDA-MB-231 and HUVEC cell lines, respectively. The cytotoxicity for the extract was dose-dependent. The saponin fraction calculated selectivity index (SI) value indicated high selectivity towards Huh-7 cells (SI = 6.62) compared with normal HUVEC cells. Huh-7 cells treated with saponin fraction showed cellular and nuclear morphological changes, such as apoptotic body formation and chromatin condensation, as observed using light and fluorescent microscopy. However, further investigation is required to assess the the saponin fraction as a potential therapeutic agent.
Using Machine Learning to Catch Bogus Firms
Authors: Mahajan Aprajit , Mittal Shekhar , Reich Ofir , Barwahwala Taha
Published: July 2024

We investigate the use of a machine learning algorithm to identify non-existent(fraudulent) firms that are used for tax evasion. Using a rich dataset of tax returns in an Indian state over several years, we train a machine learning-based model to predict fraudulent firms. We then use the model predictions to carry out field inspections of firms identified as suspicious by the machine learning tool. We find that the machine learning model is accurate in both simulated and field settings in identifying non-existent firms. Withholding a randomly selected group of firms from inspection, we estimate the causal impact of machine learning-driven inspections. Despite the strong predictive performance, our model-driven inspections do not yield a significant increase in enforcement, as shown by the cancellation of fraudulent firm registrations and tax recovery. We provide two reasons for this discrepancy, based on a close analysis of the tax department's operating protocols – selection bias, and institutional friction in integrating the model into existing administrative systems. Our study serves as a cautionary tale for the application of machine learning in public policy contexts, and relying solely on test set performance as an effectiveness indicator. Field evaluations are critical in assessing the real-world impact of predictive models.