bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The prevalence of mechanical low back pain among proprioceptive neuro muscular facilitation and core muscle stabilisation
Authors: Thirunavukkarasu M. J. , Kumar Das Bikash , Vrushabhendra H. N.
Published: May 2017

Background: Cervical radiculopathy is a common disorder causing pain and disability. Objective was to determine the effects of mechanical versus manual traction in manual physical therapy combined with segmental mobilization and exercise therapy it the physical therapy management of patients with cervical radiculopathy.Methods: The mechanical and manual traction was applied in group A and B along with common intervention of segmental mobilization and exercise therapy in both groups for 5 weeks. The outcomes were assessed by NPRS and NDI at the baseline and after completion of 5 weeks exercise program at 3 days per week. The paired and unpaired t test was applied at 95% confidence interval to determine the statistical difference among two groups and data was analysed by SPSS software version-23.Results: The result revealed that there was statistically both mechanical and manual traction techniques are equally significant in group A and B for pain and disability (p <0.05) and were better in the experimental group.Conclusions: If patients of cervical radiculopathy treated with mechanical traction, segmental mobilization and exercise therapy will manage pain and disability more effectively than treated with manual traction, segmental mobilization and exercise therapy.
Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in a rural community of Salem, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Kumar K. Sathish , Chellavel Ganapathi K. , Duraimurugan M. , Selavaraj R. , Kokila K. , Megala M.
Published: May 2017

Background: Hypertension, a global public health issue, is a major risk factor for NCDs like stroke, cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease. If Hypertension is detected early it is possible to minimize the risk of cardiovascular diseases, stroke and kidney failure. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of hypertension among the age group of >18 years in a rural community of Salem iii. To determine the association between hypertension and selected variables like age, sex, tobacco intake, alcohol intake, physical activity, Body mass index (BMI) and waist hip ratio iv. To assess the level of awareness, treatment and control of hypertensionMethods: A Cross-sectional study was done in a rural community of Salem, Tamil Nadu during March-December 2016 among individuals aged ≥18 years. The final calculated sample size was 256. Convenience sampling method was used. Participants were interviewed using a structured interview schedule, their BP was measured and anthropometric measurements were taken. Hypertension was defined according to JNC VIII criteria. Data entry and analysis was done using IBM SPSS version-21 software. Results: Out of the 442 eligible persons approached 420 persons consented to participate. Prevalence of hypertension was 34%. About 16% of the respondents had never measured their BP in their life time. Increase in age, male gender, increase in BMI levels, tobacco and alcohol were found to be significant independent predictors of hypertension. Awareness, treatment and control of hypertension were found to be 31%, 23.2% and 11.2% respectively. Conclusions: Prevalence of hypertension was high but awareness was poor. It is recommended to advice the community about the risk factors of hypertension and regular BP check-up should be done among the community for early detection of hypertension and also for preventing complications.
Oral health status of school children living in area with high environmental arsenic concentrations: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Keshan Anisha , R. Manju , Hegde Amitha M.
Published: May 2017

Background: Chronic arsenic exposure, especially via the consumption of contaminated ground water has far reaching consequences on human health. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of arsenic on oral health status of children.Methods: 100 children selected from Sanduru, Bellary district, North Karnataka (ground water is not contaminated with arsenic) were categorized as control group and 100 children of age 10 to 14 years from Hutti, Raichur district, North Karnataka (ground water contaminated with arsenic) were categorized as the study group. Water samples were analysed for arsenic and fluoride levels. Chronic arsenic exposure in children was determined by measuring the arsenic levels in their hair and nail samples. Enamel defects, oral mucosal lesions and tooth eruption timing were recorded in both the groups using the modified WHO oral health assessment form, 2013.Results: There was a significant increase in the arsenic content in the hair and nail samples of children in study group. Prevalence of enamel defects were significantly higher and a marked delay in eruption of permanent was seen among the study population.Conclusions: Chronic arsenic exposure could be a possible cause for the enamel defects and the eruption delay seen in children residing in Hutti, Raichur district, North Karnataka.
Awareness about human papilloma virus and its vaccine among young women
Authors: Seshaiyengar Chaluvaraj Talkad , Chikkegowda Lokesh Kabbalu , Madaiah Madhusudan , Munipapanna Santhosh , Sonnappa Suresha Doddasabbenahalli
Published: May 2017

Background: In India, cancer cervix is the leading type of cancer. It is estimated that nearly 100,000 new cases of cervical cancer occurring annually contributing significantly for death of Indian women and it is on the progressive increase. HPV has been incriminated as important cause of cancer cervix. Thus, the study aimed at assessing the extent of awareness and attitude towards Human papilloma virus, HPV vaccine and cervical cancer among young Women in Medical and Nursing College.Methods: Cross sectional study done on 1st year female medical and nursing students (18-21years of age) for the period of One month. Pre-tested, semi structured, self-administered questionnaire was used for the collection of data regarding HPV and its vaccine. Statistical analysis was done by simple percentages and proportions. Frequency and percentages were evaluated for categorical variables. Fisher’s exact test is used to identify the association between categorical variables.Results: In this study 83% of the study Subjects were aware of the disease cancer cervix and 79% of the study Subjects were aware of the Human Papilloma Virus and the association between the causation of cancer cervix by HPV virus is known only by 46%. Awareness about HPV vaccination was 59%, out of which 19% were vaccinated; 41% were neither aware of HPV vaccine nor taken vaccination. However, study showed a strong association between awareness about HPV vaccination and vaccinated, which is statistically significant with Fisher’s Exact p value <0.05.Conclusions: There is need to augment the Information, Education and Communication (IEC) activities to create awareness at all levels in the community in general and among young Women in particular to avert future misery of Women folk who suffer silently. Delhi, first state to launch HPV vaccine as public health programme in schools from March 1st 2016.
A study on knowledge, attitude, practice and prevalence of needle stick injuries among health care workers in a tertiary care hospital of Assam
Authors: Gogoi Jurimoni , Ahmed Sultana Jesmin , Saikia Hiranya , Sarma Ratna
Published: May 2017

Background: The objective of study was to determine prevalence of needle stick injuries among health care workers in a tertiary care hospital of Assam and to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices on needle stick injuries among them.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted from June 2016 to August 2016 amongst health care workers of a tertiary care centre of Assam. Sample size was calculated to be 90. A total of 10 departments were selected purposively based on their magnitude of risk exposure and the required sample size was allocated proportionally among these 10 departments. The required numbers of health workers from each of the ten departments were selected by using simple random sampling. A predesigned and pretested proforma was used to collect the data. Data were presented in terms of percentages and significance was tested using chi-square and Fisher’s exact test.Results: Prevalence of needle stick injury among the health workers was found to be 21.1%. Regarding spread of diseases after an accidental needle stick injury, 100% were aware of HIV, 98.9% were aware of Hepatitis B and 67.8% were aware of Hepatitis C. Regarding their attitude to report to in-charge medical officer, only 21.1% had reported about their injury. Around 58.9% of health care workers used gloves regularly for prevention of such injuries. Practice of recapping among the health care workers was 66.7% and out of total needle stick injuries, recapping contributed to 26.3%. While considering sharp waste disposal, 37.8% health care workers did not follow proper waste disposal guidelines. Only 26.3% of health care workers had done screening for HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis B after their injury.Conclusions: There is a need to have a pre-employment training to improve the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding accidental needle stick injuries among the health care workers.
Epidemiological investigation of an outbreak of viral hepatitis in a defence establishment
Authors: Mukhopadhyay J.
Published: May 2017

Background: An outbreak of viral hepatitis occurred in a defence establishment with 42 cases during November 10 to February 11.Methods: All suspected cases were clinically assessed according to standard clinical case description, investigated, admitted in hospital till recovery and thereafter sent on sick leave for complete recuperation. Epidemiological investigation included surveillance of data, initiation of epidemiological case sheets, sanitary inspection and environmental investigation of the affected area, bacteriological test of water samples and review of old relevant record.Results: Point source sewage contamination of water supply was detected at a particular block of a bachelor residential quarter. The outbreak was unimodal, localized, short lasting mostly involving young adults and responded once the control measures were adopted. Suspected water samples showed high coliform count when subjected to bacteriological test.Conclusions: The outbreak of viral hepatitis occurred due to sewage contamination of water supply. Alternate source of purified water supply, repair of leakages, change of water supply lines and water quality monitoring were recommended.
Morbidity pattern among school going adolescent girls of a North Indian district
Authors: Sachan Beena , Idris M. Z. , Kumari Reema , Jain Savita , Singh Ashutosh
Published: May 2017

Background: The objective of the study was to assess the morbidity pattern among school going adolescent girls in Lucknow district of North India.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in urban and rural schools of Lucknow district. Multistage random sampling was used to select the requisite number of girls. A total of 847 adolescent girls between 10 and 19 years of age were interviewed and examined physically from head to toe and any signs and symptoms of illness were recorded. Statistical analyses were done using percentage and Chi-square test.Results: Of 847 adolescent girls, around 64.8% were found to be sick at the time of the study. A maximum of 16.4% girls were suffering with hair problems followed by teeth and gum problems, which was 14.2%. 56.3% girls were suffering with iron deficiency and 0.5% girls with vitamin A deficiency. Riboflavin deficiency was statistically more (2.8%) in rural schools when compared to urban school girls (0.7%).Conclusions: This study reveals a high prevalence of morbidity. A strong need exists for planning and programming intervention activities for health needs in the area.
Prevalence of TB suspects, sputum positive TB cases and health seeking behaviour of TB suspects in a coastal ward Thiruvananthapuram corporation, Kerala
Authors: S. Mini S. , U. Anuja , . Rajkafoor
Published: May 2017

Background: The present study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of TB suspects and prevalence of sputum positive TB cases and health seeking behaviour of TB suspects in a coastal ward. Methods: The study was done as a cross sectional house to house survey. The study population was initially screened by a case definition and TB suspects were identified and details about their health seeking behaviour was collected using a structured questionnaire and two sputum samples (one spot and one early morning sample) also were collected for sputum microscopy. Results: The population screened using the case definition was 5466 (86% of total population above 15 years of age) and among this 131 (2.39%) was identified as TB suspects. Among the TB suspects 46.6% were males, 19.8% were diabetic, and 60.3% were having coughed more than 4 weeks. Prevalence of sputum positivity among the TB suspects was 13.1% and in the total study population was0.183%. About the health seeking behaviour only 65.65% have consulted a doctor. Among those consulted doctor, 46.5% were males, 93% have consulted an allopathic doctor and 46.52 have completed the prescribed treatment. Conclusions: The prevalence of TB suspects and sputum positive TB cases is high in this coastal ward and health seeking behaviour of Tb suspects is also very poor. This emphasizes the need for further improvement in case detection and IEC activities about Tuberculosis.
Socio-demographic, reproductive and clinical profile of women diagnosed with cervical cancer in a tertiary care center in middle Kerala
Authors: L. Neha E. , Kondakasseril Nishi Roshini
Published: May 2017

Background: Cervical cancer is a major health problem in rural India. Barriers to cervical cancer control in our country include a lack of awareness of the disease because of illiteracy, poverty, lack of health education and screening programme. The aim of the study was the clinical profile of women diagnosed with cervical carcinoma in a tertiary care centre in the middle part of Kerala in South India.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Government medical college Thrissur for a period of two years from January 2014 to December 2016. The characteristics of patient (age, age at menarche and at marriage, parity, reproductive history, place of residence, income, education status, contraception, screening details, clinical presentation and tumor histopathology and stage were obtained. Data was entered in Excel and analysed.Results: Among7224 new patients seeking care from the department, 104 new cases of carcinoma of uterine cervix were identified (0.71%). Mean age was 58.3±8.4 years. 79% women were from rural area. 73% were illiterate, 88.5% belonged to below poverty line (BPL). Post-menopausal bleeding was the commonest clinical presentation (78.8%). Squamous cell carcinoma was the commonest histologic type (88.5%). 50% had first coitus before age of twenty. 94.3% were not aware of any screening procedures and its importance. 67.31% of cases presented in the advanced stage (stage 2B-1V). 75.81% of late stage disease patients were rural population. 96.77% of late stage disease patients were from below poverty line.Conclusions: Carcinoma cervix is more in the low socioeconomic class and rural elderly presented at an advanced stage. Ignorance about the disease and the lack of awareness of the risk factors, need and availability of screening programmes at low cost in Government health care systems was noteworthy. Government health care policies, health education, effective cancer prevention strategies and early cancer detection programmes are yet to reach the outskirts of rural population in Kerala.
Awareness of RTI/STI and HIV/AIDS among women in Kerala: a district level analysis based on DLHS-4
Authors: Radhakrishnan T. , Saravana A. , Babu P. K.
Published: May 2017

Background: Many of the reproductive tract infections and sexually transmitted infections (RTI/STIs) are preventable and curable. Kerala is one of the highest literate states in India, but women in Kerala had very low knowledge in sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS. The objective of the present study was to assess the level of awareness on RTI/STI and HIV/AIDS among women in Kerala with inter district variations on awareness among women in RTI/STI and HIV/AIDS. Another objective of the study was to find out the association between socio economic characteristics and awareness on RTI/STI and HIV/AIDS.Methods: Data for the present analysis comes from the district level household and facility survey-3 2007-08 (DLHS-3) and district level household and facility survey-4 (DLHS-4), 2015–16. DLHS is a nationally representative household survey, primarily conducted to monitor and evaluate the implementation of reproductive and child health program across the districts of India. To assess the level of awareness on RTI/STI and HIV/AIDS among women in Kerala with inter district variations on awareness among women in RTI/STI and HIV/AIDS data of DLHS-3 and DLHS-4 were used for analysis and to find out the association between socio economic characteristics and awareness on RTI/STI and HIV/AIDS, data of DLHS were used.Results: Only 48% of women in Kerala had heard of RTI/STI in Kerala, but 75.8% of the women had heard about HIV/AIDS. Knowledge on RTI/STI and HIV/AIDS among women in all the districts in Kerala had fallen from the DLHS-3 to DLHS-4.Conclusions: Decentralized field level interaction of health workers with IEC programs in both rural and urban areas regarding STIs/RTIs and HIV/AIDS should be strengthened along with effective mass media activities.
A comparison of breast feeding practices among urban and rural areas of Rangareddy district of Telangana
Authors: Kumar M. Vijay , Acharya Indranil , Acharya Jayanti P. , Shravani Puligila Raj , Ramya Sabbineni
Published: May 2017

Background: Breastfeeding is the normal way of providing young infants with the nutrients they need for healthy growth and development. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted among 800 mothers from urban and rural areas of Rangareddy District. A pre designed pre tested questionnaire was used to interview the mothers. Questionnaire contained questions related to demographic factors and breast feeding practices. Institutional Ethical clearance was taken. Results: The overall prevalence of exclusive breast feeding was 65%, being comparatively more in rural area (68%) which was statistically significant. Colostrum was discarded by 15% mothers in urban and 9% in rural area. Breast feeding was initiated within 1 hour in 184 (46%) in urban area and in 148 (37%) in rural area. Conclusions: Though mothers from rural area had certain favorable breast feeding practices such as demand feeding, colostrum being given but still various inappropriate practices were prevalent in both rural and urban areas.
Epidemiological trends of malaria in an endemic district Tumkur, Karnataka
Authors: Krishna Chandana , Haradanhalli Ravish Shankaraiah
Published: May 2017

Background: Efforts to control and eliminate malaria are high-impact strategic investments that generate significant returns for public health. In this regard, Government of India, launched NVBDCP in 2002, to control the disease. Since then, India has demonstrated significant achievements in malaria control with a progressive decline in total cases and deaths. Overall, malaria cases have consistently declined from 2 million in 2001 to 1.1 million cases in 2015. The decline in number of cases varied from region to region. In this background, the present study was conducted to know the trend of malaria in one of the endemic district Tumkur of Karnataka state.Methods: A case record analysis was done for the past 15 years (2001-2015) from the available data at district malaria office of Tumkur district and the data was analysed.Results: The present study showed that there is a gradual decline in the malaria cases from 27,553 in 2001 to 68 in 2015 and no deaths have been reported. The number of outbreaks is also declining with no outbreaks in the last 3 years. The present study also showed a seasonal trend in occurrence of malaria with increased incidence during June-October months.Conclusions: The trend in malaria cases is gradually declining, indicating that it is progressing towards malaria control and with sustained efforts, malaria can be reduced substantially and elimination can be achieved by 2030.
Self reported practice of e-waste disposal and awareness about its health hazards among people at various levels in selected urban slums of Bangalore: a cross sectional study
Authors: Duraisamy Shanmugapriya , Narayanappa Ramakrishna Reddy , Sobagiah Ranganath Timmanahalli
Published: May 2017

Background: With advent of advancement in technologies and change in people’s life style, the amount of E-waste (electronic waste) generated is increasing drastically every year, Mismanagement of these E-waste leads to diminishing natural resources, causing irreparable damage to the environment and health of the people. When it comes to the reduction, the onus is on both the consumer and the producer. Proper awareness on the health hazards and disposal practice of E waste plays a crucial role in curbing this problem. The objectives of the study were to assess the E-waste segregation and disposal practice at various levels and to assess the knowledge about Proper disposal and health hazards of E-waste. Methods: A community based crossed sectional study was conducted among 120 randomly selected individuals (distribution, consumer and waste collection level) for a period of three months in the urban field practice area of Bangalore Medical College & Research Institute. Data regarding their knowledge and practice on E-waste disposal and its hazards has been collected using semi structured questionnaire and analysed using SPSS 23.0. Results: Knowledge about disposal was found to be 20%, 15% and 5% respectively at distribution, consumer and waste collector levels. Only around 6% had practiced proper waste segregation. Knowledge pertaining to health hazards were found to be negligible. Conclusions: With the increased burden the knowledge and practice were found to be highly inadequate. And it is a high time to intervene at the earliest by creating proper awareness and providing the requisite for proper disposal of E waste.
What rural people in Tamilnadu are doing to prevent dengue?
Authors: Pattnaik Satyajit , Selvaraj Kokila
Published: May 2017

Background: Traditionally dengue was perceived as an urban problem. But of late many cases are being reported from rural areas. This study was undertaken to assess the preventive measures taken by people in a rural area against dengue. Methods: This was a cross sectional study done in the rural field practice area of a private medical college in Tamilnadu. Hundred houses were selected from five villages through a multi stage simple random sampling. A pre-tested semi-structured interview schedule was used for data collection. Results: All household surveyed reported using some form of personal measures against dengue. The most common personal protective measure was use of mosquito nets (58%) followed by mosquito coils (9%). Almost all (98%) of the respondents use the PPM at night time only. Conclusions: It was found that many people are using PPMs but mostly during the daytime. This practice has to be corrected with more awareness and health education.
Hydatid disease of proximal femur: a case report
Authors: Swaroop Chandra S. , Mohan Kumar M. , . Ramnarayanan , Vanchi Pravin K.
Published: May 2017

Hydatid disease is the most common infection in Central Asia, Middle East, East Africa caused by Echinococcus which is a cestode. However infection to bone alone is very rare. We report a case of Hydatid cyst in bone parse. A 55 years old lady came with a complaint of pain over right hip since 1 year.  Radiologically found to be having osteolytic lesion over proximal femur for which surgery was done and biopsy report showed hydatid cyst. The case is reported for its rarity.
Clinical study of neonatal skin lesions
Authors: Patel Parag V. , Shetty Vinma H. , Shetty Narendra J. , . Varsha
Published: May 2017

Background: A thorough knowledge of the skin changes, physiological as well as acquired, in neonates is of prime importance for the dermatologist as well as paediatrician.

Methods: A total of 430 randomly selected live-born neonates delivered and admitted to the postpartum ward or to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and neonates attending the Dermatology Outpatient Department of a tertiary care institute were included in this study after taking written informed consent. A detailed assessment of history was performed and a detailed dermatological examination of each neonate was carried out. Laboratory procedures were performed to confirm diagnosis if required. Data was analyzed using SPSS ver. 20.

Results: Most common physiological skin change observed was Mongolian spot (65.35%) followed by Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum (51.63%), Epstein’s pearls (46.97%) and Sebaceous gland hyperplasia (45.81%). Lanugo hair was seen in 16.74% neonates. Among congenital skin lesions, Salmon patch was seen in 15.58% of the neonates whereas congenital melanocytic nevi are seen in 4.19% of the neonates. Diaper dermatitis was the most common acquired skin manifestation seen in 5.81% of cases.

Conclusions: Neonates are prone to suffer from a wide range of dermatological problems, physiological as well as pathological. These manifestations are unique to the neonates. A detailed history and awareness of the clinical presentation facilitates the confirmation of the diagnosis.
Assessment of prescribing pattern and quality of life of dermatology patients by using dermatology quality life index
Authors: Sangeetha T. , T. Raghu M. , R. Nataraj G. , Kumar V. Sharath , Krishna Y. Satya , J. Fibin Johnson , Manikanta V. Sravan
Published: May 2017

Background: The goal of the study was to assess the prescribing pattern, pattern of skin diseases among the patients and to assess the impact of quality of life in various Skin diseases of dermatological patients by using dermatological quality life index (DLQI). The present study aims at improving the patient’s knowledge towards their disease and medication and also to measure the improvement of Quality of life of patients.

Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out for a period of six months at Department of Dermatology Basaveshwara Medical College and Hospital, Chitradurga.

Results: Total 150 patients are included. 58 was males and 92 were females. The most skin disease is seen in the age group of 21-40 (40.7%). Majorly skin disease are seen in the illiterate people is (62%), (70.7%) married and 15.3% of socio-economic status of the patients. The major skin disease are seen in the study are psoriasis (12.66%), scabies (16.66%), dermatitis (9.33) and followed by urticaria (6.66%), eczema (4.66%), acne (5.33%). Anti-histamines (16.6%), emollients (9.33%), corticosteroids (9.33%), anti puritics (6.66%), kerotolyte (6.66%) are majorly prescribed drugs. The study showed that there was an extremely significant improvement in DLQI of patients in comparison with first visit result and follow up visit. Whose P value is (<0.001) extremely significant.

Conclusions: Therefore the pharmacist patient education found to have significant influence on improves the patient knowledge towards their disease and medication which shows the positive impact on quality of life among the patients of skin diseases.
Microneedling vs. chemical reconstructon of skin scars with trichloroacetic acid: a comparative study
Authors: Dhollan Nithya , Thirunavukkarasu Vanathi
Published: May 2017

Background: Acne scars are a cause of major psychological morbidity in the young population. Microneedling using dermarollers which uses the principle of percutaneous collagen induction and Chemical reconstruction of skin scars (CROSS) using Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) are both widely used methods for the treatment of acne scars and are cheaper alternatives to LASER resurfacing. The aim of our study is to objectively compare the efficacy of microneedling using dermaroller with CROSS using 100% TCA in the management of acne scars.

Methods: 30 patients with acne scars were divided into 2 groups A and B with 15 patients each. Group ‘A’ underwent microneedling using 1.5 mm dermaroller and Group ‘B’ underwent CROSS technique with 100% TCA. A total of 4 sessions at monthly intervals were performed on both groups. The percentage improvement in the acne scar grade between the two groups was compared using the student ‘t’ test.

Results: Among the 30 patients, 13 (86%) patients in Group A (Microneedling) and 11 (78%) patients in group B (CROSS) noted significant reduction in their acne scar grade. The difference between the 2 groups was statistically insignificant. 3 patients had significant post inflammatory hyperpigmentation in group ‘B’.

Conclusions: The techniques of microneedling and CROSS are both effective in acne scars But microneedling scores in other aspects such as faster wound healing, better skin rejuvenation and safety in dark skinned individuals.
Dermatophytosis: clinical profile and association between socio-demographic factors and duration of infection
Authors: R. Mahalakshmi , R. Apoorva , Joshua Jefferson
Published: May 2017

Background: Dermatophytes are fungi that break down keratin of the stratum corneum and grow. They cause superficial infections of the skin, hair, and nail that are referred to as tinea infections. This study aims to assess the socio-demographic factors and clinical profile of subjects with dermatophytic infections and their impact on the duration of the illness.

Methods: 200 random subjects with dermatophytic infections were enrolled and assessed clinically.

Results: There was significant association between duration of infection with age, diabetes, living condition and personal factors.

Conclusions: The impact of age, diabetes, living condition and personal factors on susceptibility to and duration of dermatophytic infections was elucidated.
Erythroderma: a marker for visceral malignancy: rare case report
Authors: Vamja Chirag J. , Belgaumkar Vasudha A. , Deshmukh Nitika S. , Tolat Sunil N.
Published: May 2017

Skin can provide a vital clue to diagnosis of internal disease. Exfoliative dermatitis (erythroderma) is an uncommon potentially serious inflammatory skin disorder characterized by an intense, widespread erythema and variable scaling. It results from aggravation of pre-existing skin disease, or may be caused by drugs or neoplasms. Although various paraneoplastic dermatoses may occur in association with carcinoma lung, erythroderma as the sole presenting feature is infrequently reported in literature. Herein we describe an elderly male in whom recalcitrant erythroderma led to the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma lung with fatal outcome.
Ontology description languages for high-tech fields of applied engineering
Authors: Burakova E. E. , Borgest N. M. , Korovin M. D.
Published: May 2017

The main task of ontology description languages is to describe semantics of domain data. Nowadays, ontology is the most common form of representation of semantically-interconnected data. Ontology consists of a set of concepts in a domain and relations between them. In this paper we consider the problems of existing toolkits for creating semantically-interconnected data storages for engineering domains and propose a solution in the form of an ontology. A modern approach to the classification of assets for ontology engineering is presented. The strengths and weaknesses of the approaches described are highlighted. The paper describes problems of structuring data in the engineering domain and the ways they can be solved using ontologies. A brief review of the common ontology description languages is given. Examples of the applied ontological approach in the database creation in the airspace engineering domain are presented. XML and HTML are highlighted as the most widespread languages in the description of subject areas in modern information systems. The OWL ontology description language is described in detail as the most promising ontology description language recommended by the W3C. Varieties of the OWL language are described in terms of their applicability to solving various problems of describing engineering domains taking into account the limitations of descriptive ability and complexity of the syntax of each version. Examples of the use of the OWL language in engineering domains are given.
Study of cycle life of a material in conditions of low-cycle fatigue and long-term strength
Authors: Bukatyi S. A. , Okrugin A. A.
Published: May 2017

Experimental studies shows that the main parts - the shaft and the disks of gas turbine engines, working in the conditions of low-cycle fatigue and durability, have a durability far exceeding the resource identified by calculation based on the hypothesis of linear summation of damage. Therefore, further clarification is needed calculation methods, allowing greater use of the reserves of strength parts. The performed research studies the influence on the durability of the increasing duration of zero cycle of loading samples with a period of T=200 s. and the restraint at the maximum and minimum levels: Dtmax=120 s. and Dtmin=60 s. The studies were performed on a standard round specimens with the diameter of the working area of 7.5mm. Shown that when you restrain a loading there is in the material proceeds relaxation process, combined with a deforming cyclic hardening and increasing of the plastic deformation. It was found that the hypothesis of a linear summation of static and cyclic components of the damage in the conditions of low-cycle fatigue and long-term strength is not confirmed. The increasing of the restraint in the loading cycle under the load to Dtmax=20 s. or more leads to a significant increase - up to 94 % of the static component of damage. The research results obtained during cyclic and repeated static loading, helped to confirm and substantiate the existence of a previously unknown Effect of cyclic hardening materials, due to the duration of the maximum load in the cycle of loading.
Influence of Two Acaricides on Survival of Predator Blaptostethus pallescens (Poppius) (Hemiptera:Anthocoridae)
Authors: Kaur Kirandeep , Kaur Rabinder
Published: May 2017

Experiments were conducted to find out the influence of two acaricides (Propargite and Ethion) on survivability of an anthocorid predator, Blaptostethus pallescens (Poppius) when exposed at different time intervals under laboratory conditions. In present investigation, the second instar nymphs of B. pallescens were exposed to propargite @ 300 ml/acre and ethion @ 450 ml/acre for different time intervals using two methods of treatment viz; leaf disc and foliar spray method. Both the acaricides had adverse effect on the survival of the predator but the effect of ethion was faster as compared to propargite. When exposure time for ethion treatment was increased from one to six hours, the mortality of second instar nymphs increased from 0.10 to 86.00 per cent. On the other hand, in case of propargite, the mortality was 0.10 per cent at 1 hour interval and gradually increased with increase in exposure time, up to 20 per cent at 48 hours of exposure. Second instar nymphs were released on potted plants showed higher rate of mortality after the foliar spray of acaricides as compared to those in leaf disc where corrected per cent mortality of ethion treated nymphs was 10.96 per cent at one hour of exposure and it became almost 100 per cent at six hours of exposure or above. Similar trend was followed in case of propargite where mortality was 6.97 to 75.5 per cent, when exposure time increased from one hour to 12 hours. Thus both acaricides were found to be unsafe to B. pallescens.
Parasitoids of Butterflies: Reassignment of Dolichogenidea hasorae (wilkinson, 1928) as a New Combination along with New Host-parasitoid Linkages and Notes on Host Specificity from Kerala, India
Authors: Gupta Ankita , Saji K. , Manoj P.
Published: May 2017

Butterflies are flagship species for biodiversity conservation and thus the knowledge of their associated natural enemies is important. In this study, rearing data on parasitism of seven butterfly species in six genera belonging to three Lepidoptera families (Hesperiidae, Lycaenidae and Papilionidae) are presented for the first time from Kerala, India. Four species of parasitic wasps along with two possibly unnamed species, collectively from three Hymenoptera families (Braconidae, Chalcididae and Ichneumonidae), were discovered. Dolichogenidea hasorae (Wilkinson, 1928) n. comb. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is reassigned from the traditionally defined genus Apanteles. The following host associations are recorded: Brachymeria lasus (Walker) (Chalcididae) from pupa of Hasora chromus (Cramer) (Hesperiidae); Casinaria ajanta Maheshwary&Gupta (Ichneumonidae) from caterpillars of two hesperiid species − Ampittia dioscorides (Fabricius) (Hesperiidae) and Parnara sp. (Hesperiidae); Dolichogenidea hasorae (Wilkinson) n. comb. from caterpillar of Hasora taminatus (Hübner); Glyptapanteles aristolochiae (Wilkinson) from caterpillar of Troides minos (Cramer) (Papilionidae); Apanteles sp. (Braconidae) from caterpillar of Telicota bambusae (Moore) (Hesperiidae); and Cotesia sp. from caterpillar of Udara akasa (Horsfield) (Lycaenidae). The majority of these records are the first reports except C. ajanta from Parnara sp. Host range extension and varied host association of parasitoids are discussed based on newly acquired and previously published data. Brief diagnosis of wasps and illustrations of wasps along with their respective hosts are provided.
Field Level Auto-inoculation of Sorghum chafer, Pachnoda interrupta (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Scarabaedae) with Metarhizium anisopliae based Microbial Bio-control Agents using Locally Affordable Traps
Authors: Habtegebreiel Belay , Getu Emana , Dawd Mohamed , Seyoum Emiru , Atenafu Getnet , Welde-Hawariat Yitbarek , Ekesi Sunday , Hilbur Ylva , Larsson Mattias
Published: May 2017

Sorghum chafer,Pachnoda interrupta, is the most serious pest of sorghum in Ethiopia destroying the entire fields at the milk stage and causing up to 100% yield loss. Current control methods entirely depend on direct spraying and baiting with insecticides which does not provide long lasting control. Efficient biological control agents such as entomopathogenic fungi that can control the pest in the breeding sites need to be developed. Traps equipped with auto-inoculation devices are important alternative methods to spread entomopathogens into insect pest populations. Field studies on fungal auto-inoculation trap development from locally available materials conducted over three feeding and two mating seasons of P. interrupta resulted in two efficient auto-inoculation traps (AIT1 and AIT2) baited with a five compounds blend lure which were not significantly different in catch performance with the standard Japanese beetle trap.  Two selected virulent isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (PPRC51 and PPRC2) were tested for field efficacy using these two designs of locally affordable auto-inoculation traps loaded with 1gm of dry conidia. Using AIT1, PPRC51 and PPRC2 induced 41% and 40% field mortality respectively, on P. interrupta adults under high temperature and low relative humidity conditions, while highest field viability of the two isolates five days after application was 36 % and 40 % for PPRC51 and PPRC2, respectively. Based on the catch performance, field efficacy and viability data observed, the two AIT’s are recommended for further development to be used with PPRC51 and PPRC2 for augmentation biological control in the pest’s natural habitat as a component of integrated pest management against P. interrupta
Biology, Relative Parasitization of Larval Endoparasitoid Campoletis cholrideae Uchida on Heliocoverpa armigera Hübner under Sole and Chickpea-coriander Intercropping System
Authors: Jagdish Jaba , Agnihotri Meena , Chakravarty Snehel
Published: May 2017

The Campoletis cholrideae is a single most prominent parasitoid in chickpea for major pest Heliocverpa armigera under natural ecosystem. The purpose of present study was to investigate how weather parameters and cropping system influence on the biology, per cent parasitization in sole and intercropping system, under laboratory and field conditions. In sole crop, mean parasitism by C. chlorideae on the larvae of H. armigera during 2013 and 2014 was 60.61 %, 44.66 % respectively. Egg-larval and cocoon formation to adult emergence periods 10.16 ± 0.215, 4.25 ± 2.02 days respectively and female and male parasitoid could survive with a mean longevity of 4.50 ± 2.012 and 3.25 ± 1.85 days, respectively. Higher parasitism of 76.67% occurred on 8th collection of 11th S.W March and 60.67% on 1st collection of 11th S.W of March for respective years. The progeny of sex-ratio varied in two seasons, the mean sex ratio (M:F) were 1:1.62; 1:1.07 respective years in sole crop. In intercropping ecosystem, the overall mean parasitism by C. chlorideae on larvae of H. armigera during 2013 and 2014 with 76.96 %, 66.67 % respectively. Higher parasitism was observed (90 %) on 6th collection of 11th S.W March and 80 % on 1st collection of 11th S.W of March for respective years. However there was steep escalation in female sex ratio in chickpea-coriander cropping system when compared with sole crop. The overall mean sex ratio were (M:F) is 1:1.90; 0.98:1.0 respective years in chickpea-coriander intercropping. A correlation with abiotic factors revealed a non-significant positive correlation with maximum temperature, evening relative humidity (RH), rain fall and sunshine hours. There was a negative correlation between parasitism and minimum temperature and morning RH in respective years under sole crop. In case of intercropping system, the result elucidated that a significant positive correlation exist with evening RH and rainfall (r= 0.951; r= 0.900 and r= 0.926; r= 0.931) in respective years. These results suggested that different parameters, especially cropping system and temperature, were very important for the parasitism of C. chlorideae on H. armigera.
Parasitoid, Aenasius arizonensis (Girault) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae): its Biology, Morphometrics, Host Stage Preference and use in Biological Control
Authors: Aga T. M. , Tambe V. J. , Nagrare V. S. , Naikwadi Bhausaheb
Published: May 2017

Aenasius arizonensis (Girault) ( = Aenasius bambawalei Hayat) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a solitary endoparasitoid of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, is a major invasive pest in several cotton growing countries around the globe. It has been recorded as an effective natural enemy of P. solenopsis. The biological characteristics of parasitoid were studied on P. solenopsis under laboratory conditions. The mean duration of development of A. arizonensis from oviposition to mummy formation was 5.9 ± 0.31 days for both male and female, while from mummy formation to adult emergence was 5.9 ± 0.31 and 7.3 ± 0.3 for male and female, respectively. The mean developmental period of male and female was 12.2 ± 0.33 and 14.2 ± 0.37 days, respectively. Males were short lived (16.3 ± 1.41 days) as compared to females (26.2 ± 1.72 days). Female started ovipositing on the day of emergence. The mean pre-oviposion, oviposition and post-oviposition periods were <1, 23.1 ± 1.66 and 3.1 ± 0.55 days, respectively. Mean daily and total fecundity in terms of number of parasitized host per female was 4.24 ± 0.2 and 100.5 ± 11.57, respectively. Sex ratio was skewed towards female and recorded as 1:2. Maximum percentage of parasitization occurred in adult host stage i.e. 90% followed by 3rd, 2nd, and 1st instar nymph with 73.33%, 33.33% and 0 per cent, respectively. Among the three nymphal stages 3rd instar nymph was the most suitable stage for mass multiplication of parasitoid. Its successful utilization in mealybug management can be optimized by multiplying at this stage of host in the laboratory and thereafter inoculative release into the field. This report provides a detailed diagnostic description of A. arizonensis with illustration to facilitate easy identification & morphological differences between male & female along with the morphometric measurements of pupa & mummy.
A new record of Franklinothrips megalops (Trybom, 1912) (Aeolothripidae: Thysanoptera) from North Eastern India
Authors: Rachana R. R. , Varatharajan R.
Published: May 2017

Franlinothrips megalops (Trybom), a predatory thrips on several species of thrips was recorded from Tripura, North east India for the first time.
Ensino superior: docência e formação continuada
Authors: Ramirez Vera Lúcia , Lindemann Júlio César , Dos Santos Guilherme Mendes Tomaz
Published: May 2017

O artigo, decorrente de uma pesquisa do tipo Estudo de Caso, tem como foco a docência no ensino superior e a formação continuada, numa Instituição de Ensino Superior pertencente a uma rede privada de ensino, localizada no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Participaram do estudo 28 docentes, sendo 4 do Curso de Administração, 4 de Biomedicina, 3 de Ciências Contábeis, 10 de Direito, 4 de Fisioterapia e 3 de Pedagogia, sendo deste grupo 14 do sexo masculino e 14 do feminino, cujo tempo de atuação na referida Instituição situa-se entre 0 e cinco anos.  Para a coleta dos dados, foi aplicado um questionário com questões abertas e fechadas. Os dados foram categorizados em quatro eixos temáticos, por meio da aplicação da Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo. Os achados indicam a relevância da formação didático-pedagógica articulada aos conhecimentos específicos da área de atuação como um dos fatores que contribuem para os processos de ensino e aprendizagem. Também, o incentivo e a promoção da formação continuada, por parte da Instituição em que os docentes atuam, são elementos considerados necessários para o aprimoramento da ação educativa no ensino superior.Palavras chave: Ensino Superior. Docência. Formação continuada.Higher education: teaching and continuing educationAbstractThe article, stemming from a search type Case Study, focuses on teaching in higher education and continuing education in a private institution of higher education, located in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The study included 28 teachers from the following courses: Administration (4), Biomedicine (4), Accounting (3), Law (10), Physical Therapy (4), and Pedagogy (3); this group consisted of 14 males and 14 females, whose time performance in that institution was between 0 and five years. To collect data it was used a questionnaire with open and closed questions. Data were categorized into four themes, through the application of content analysis technique. The findings indicate the importance of teaching-training pedagogy articulated to the specific knowledge of the area of operation as one of the factors that contributes to the teaching and learning processes. Also, the encouraging and promoting of continuing education, by the institution in which teachers work, are elements considered necessary for the improvement of educational work in higher education.Keywords: Higher education. Teaching. Continuing education.