bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
I mutevoli confini della medicalizzazione: prospettive e dilemmi del miglioramento umano
Authors: Maturo Antonio
Published: June 2021

- While medicalization is the process of extending the medical gaze on human conditions through the mechanism of pathologization, human enhancement actions are implemented towards normal conditions. In this sense, human enhancement can not be considered either health care or health promotion because its aim is optimization, not healing nor prevention. As the borders between normality and pathology are blurred, biomedical interventions aiming at improving a normal individual today could be conceived as health care practices directed towards a sick person tomorrow. Therefore, human enhancement actions should be analyzed through the lenses of the medicalization-theory proposed by Conrad - but on a long-term scale. Under an ethical perspective, human enhancement interventions - being very heterogeneous - should be analyzed case-by-case.

Keywords: medicalization, human enhancement, medicine, normality, health promotion, disease.

Parole chiave: medicalizzazione, miglioramento umano, medicina, normalitÀ, promozione della salute, malattia.
Medicalizzazione e biomedicalizzazione rivisitate: tecno-scienze e trasformazioni di salute, malattia e biomedicina
Authors: Clarke Adele E. , Shim Janet K.
Published: June 2021

- In this article, we review the history of medicalization theory and then offer a historicized definition of biomedicalization. We consider the relationships between biomedicalization and other contemporary theorizing, seeking in particular to situate the concept explicitly in relation to recent scholarship on the politics of life itself. We discuss how biomedicalization processes dovetail with such politics of life as they are engaged individually, collectively, and at the level of population, including issues of bioeconomy, biocapital, citizenship and enhancement. We then address and respond to several critiques of biomedicalization theory, that question its newness, omnipresence, and determinism. In conclusion, we discuss the relations among medicalization, biomedicalization and medical sociology and offer directions for future research.

Keywords: biomedicalization, medicalization, technoscience, health, politics of life, optimization.

Parole chiave: biomedicalizzazione, medicalizzazione, tecnoscienza, salute, politica della vita, ottimizzazione.
The Medicalization of Sadness: How Psychiatry Transformed a Natural Emotion into a Mental Disorder
Authors: Wakefield Jerome C. , Horwitz Allan V.
Published: June 2021

- This essay argues that changes in the diagnostic criteria of depression that occurred with the introduction of the DSM-III have resulted in the treatment of normal emotions of sadness as well as of depressive disorders. In fact, the new symptoms-based definition no longer allows the distinction of common states of unhappiness from mental disease. The authors explain, first, the reasons for this change and, second, the reasons for the desirability of reversing this trend and restoring the conception distinction between depressive disorder and normal sadness.

Keywords: depression, DSM, medicalization, psychiatry, sadness, sociology of health.

Parole chiave: depressione, DSM, medicalizzazione, psichiatria, tristezza, sociologia della salute.
I Cup in Italia, dieci anni dopo. Una comparazione tra Cup Metropolitano bolognese e Cup dell'Umbria
Authors: Cipolla Costantino , Iseppato Ilaria
Published: June 2021

- After a general overview of the main characteristics and activities of Cup (unified booking centres in healthcare) as a particular form of e-Care, this contribution is about their development ten years after the publication of a national research, edited by Cipolla and Paltrinieri, about the spreading of electronic networks for access to healthcare in Italy. In particular, the proposal is a comparison of some data related to the management of bookings of medical examinations by the Metropolitan Cup of Bologna and Cup of Umbria during the five years 2002-2007. The Metropolitan Cup of Bologna is confirmed to be in the van, in unceasing evolution and a model for more recent networks.

Keywords: access to healthcare; e-Care; booking; waiting time in healthcare; medical sociology.
Il monitoraggio delle liste d'attesa per i ricoveri d'elezione
Authors: Amadei Gianluigi
Published: June 2021

- After an initial overview on the "rules & regulations" reference, and a description of the main interventions concerning study, monitoring and containment of the waiting lists - both related to diagnostic tests and/or visits and planned surgery in public managed hospital facilities - this contribution focuses on the action lines adopted by the Emilia-Romagna Region, and in particular about the contents of the ICT project "SIGLA", which aims to provide a planning tool for the clinical governance of the surgical resources, in the meanwhile offering a path of greater transparency and better accessibility to end-user available information.

Keywords: access to information; clinical priority; surgery; waiting lists; hospital facilities.
Le convergenze parallele. Il confronto di Achille Ardigň con la sociologia di Niklas Luhmann
Authors: Moro Giuseppe
Published: June 2021

- This article presents some moments of the dialogue of Achille Ardigň with the thought of Niklas Luhmann. Ardigň shares Luhmann's care about government crisis of post-modern societies, his opinions about irreducibility of subjective sense to systemic sense and his criticism against Parsons's integrational approach. On the contrary, the sociology of Ardigň deeply differentiates from Luhmann's on three topics: the reference to empirical world for explaining and to criticizing it, the transcendence of value criteria with respect to social systems, the research of a renewed transaction between social systems and persons.

Keywords: Ardigň, Luhmann, consensus, government, transaction, empathy.

Parole chiave: Ardigň, Luhmann, consenso, governabilitÀ, transazione, empatia.
La sociologia della salute nell'orizzonte delle Medical Humanities
Authors: Spinsanti Sandro
Published: June 2021

- Remembering Achille Ardigň's collaboration at the establishments of a magazine dedicated to the Medical Humanities, are highlighted the contributions that health sociology can lead to recovery of all sizes that good medicine should provide. The main objective of a humanistic project in medicine was for Ardigň the passage of the subject from allured to patient, not in the sense of passive expectation, but as the bearer of control and self care.

Keywords: Medical Humanities, sociology of health, empowerment of citizens, the relationship between humanities and natural sciences, health professions, patient-physician relationship.

Parole chiave: Medical Humanities, sociologia della salute, empowerment del cittadino, rapporto tra scienze umane e scienze della natura, professioni della salute, rapporto medico-paziente.
In ricordo di Achille Ardigň
Authors: Catti Giovanni
Published: June 2021

- Among the dear documents of Ardigň Achille remained in his room, there is a photograph and a sheet of paper with a score of lines printed. The photograph depicts the face of a young woman where the brightness of an interior life is reflected. It is a portrait of Edith Stein, perhaps in the days of his service in the Red Cross during the war in 1915, or rather in the days of her degree at the University of Frankfurt. In 1985 Ardigň presented the Italian translation of "empathy": "Zum Problem der Einfůhlung" by Edith Stein. The salms were concrete experience in Achilles Ardigň. At the end of his days he leans towards the experience of the mystical life, root key of its commitments and its responsibility.

Keywords: Photograph, Edith Stein, empathy, Husserl, phenomenological philosophy, salms

Parole chiave: fotografia, Edith Stein, empatia, Husserl, filosofia fenomenologica, salmi
La telemedicina: sfida e opportunitÀ per l'Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli
Authors: Toni Aldo , Baruffaldi Fabio
Published: June 2021

- During the last years of the 20th century the Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli was involved in a significant innovation of the clinical process. professor Ardigň was a key player in that workplan of innovation, frequently driven by the development of Information and Communication technologies. Telemedicine represents a perfect example of his enthusiastic effort for the deployment of new technologies at the service of the citizen.

Keywords: telemedicine, orthopaedics, information, communication, technologies, citizen.

Parole chiave: telemedicina, ortopedia, information, communication, technologies, cittadini.
L'ultima lezione del professor Achille Ardigň
Authors: Nardelli Donatella
Published: June 2021

- I have got to know professor Achille Ardigň during the eighties at the University of Bologna where I had the chance to be one of his students while he was full professor of the desk of "Sociology - advanced course". Later on, from 2000 till 2007 I had the great fortune to work together with him in CUP 2000 S.p.A., a company based in Bologna he was charter member, a component of the Board of directors for two orders, President of the Scientific Committee and Responsible for the care projects; thanks to his scientific contribute I became Responsible for the care projects where I had been already working since 2003.

Keywords: teacher, booklet, humility, Charismatic Catholic, e-care, welfare, elderly.

Parole chiave: maestro, libretto, umiltÀ, carismatico, cattolico, e-care, welfare, anziani.
Le nuove frontiere della Sociologia della salute
Authors: Esposito Maurizio
Published: June 2021

- Medicine considered as a science as well as an organization for health-care services has undergone structural changes, also because of the new role of the "expert-patient". Hence, the sociological concepts might give important contributions, not only by new conceptual frames, but also thanks to an analitical stimulus for the construction of new procedures in medicine.

Keywords: disease, illness, sickness, sociology of health, epistemology, methodology.

Parole chiave: disease, illness, sickness, sociologia della salute, epistemologia, metodologia.
Il coinvolgimento del sociologo nel suo oggetto: il caso del lavoro sociale, sanitario e di cura
Authors: Sainsaulieu Ivan
Published: June 2021

- Sociologist's role inside social and health professions is strictly connected to his/her sociological commitment or intervention. The dilemma is, as many have highlighted, the integration and the distance between humanist empathy and axiological neutrality. The aim of this article is to compare the sociologist's involvement and the specificity of its object, verifying if that commitment affects the social configuration of its object.

Key words: professional, involvement, social work, care work, sociology of work, neutrality.

Parole chiave: professione, coinvolgimento, lavoro sociale, lavoro di cura, sociologia del lavoro, neutralitÀ.
Intellectual property rights and contentious legal and social issues in biotechnology
Authors: Chakrabarty Ananda M.
Published: June 2021

It is widely recognized that scientific and technological innovations are key to industrial and economic development of a country. Innovations, however, must be protected, usually through patent or copyright laws, before they can be marketed globally. Thus sensible patent laws, and their legal enforcement, are important for the advancement of economic and industrial development. Patent laws, as mentioned here, are complex and subjective, so that patent infringement cases are plentiful and often unpredictable. Given the rapid advancements of the science of genetics and biotechnology during the last 30 years, and the propensity to create intellectual property out of a bourgeoning field of science, many interesting cases have been decided in the courts of law or have been subjects of deliberations in the legislative bodies of individual countries. This article summarizes some of the interesting court cases involving genetics and biotechnology, mainly in the United States, and points to some of the differences between the judicial systems in Europe and in the United States, concerning both intellectual property laws and the concept of morality and public order, as well as their impacts on our society.
The ISSP Model of Multinational Survey Research
Authors: Lewin-Epstein Noah
Published: June 2021

As the methodology of population surveys establishes itself in a growing number of countries, multinational comparative surveys are becoming the primary mode of comparative research. This paper presents to the reader the ISSP which is an ongoing international collaboration currently encompassing institutions from 46 countries, all committed to comparative survey research. The ISSP collaboration is rather unique in adopting a very democratic and participatory model for its development of survey topics and questionnaire design. Following a description of the ISSP and its model of operation the advantages as well as shortcomings of this model and discussed. The second part of the paper illustrates the working of the ISSP while focusing on a module on health and health policy which will be fielded by the ISSP for the first time in 2011. The development of the module is used as illustration of ISSP procedures and introduces the potential user to ISSP data that will be made public in a couple of years.
Comparing health policy: An assessment of typologies of health systems
Authors:   Redazione
Published: June 2021

Typologies have been central to the comparative turn in public policy and this paper contributes to the debate by assessing the capacity of typologies of health systems to capture the institutional context of health care and to contribute to explaining health policies across countries. Using a recent comparative study of health policy and focusing on the concept of the health care state the paper suggests three things. First, the concept of the health care state holds as a set of ideal types. Second, as such the concept of the health care state provides a useful springboard for analyzing health policy, but one which needs to be complemented by more specific institutional explanations. Third, the concept of the health care state is less applicable to increasingly important, non-medical areas of health policy. Instead, different aspects of institutional context come into play and they can be combined as part of a looser ‘‘organizing framework''.
Alcohol norms and their enforcement: an assessment from a socio-legal perspective
Authors: Prina Franco
Published: June 2021

The socio-legal perspective on the alcohol legislation, including the norms concerned with the relationship between individuals and alcoholic drinks, helps answering some essentials questions: what was/is the "social construction" of the alcohol problem in different eras and different cultures and, consequently, which objectives are deemed to be worthy of pursuit through the creation or amendment of legislation? Which social actors have the ability, in a given period of time, to inscribe the relevance of innovative alcohol legislation on the political agenda and what kind of dialectic is used among those who champion points of view, competences and above all, different interests? Which interests and values would appear to meet with legislatory protection time after time? What tools, of the ample range available, are chosen to achieve the aims set out? To what extent is legislation implemented (or not implemented), and why? Which aspects of the implementation process prove to be most significant, i.e. define the actual content of the legislation "in force", and are therefore tangibly experienced by the law's end target? How much of an impact does legislation have on behavior which is subject to regulation or on problems which stem from such behavior?
Health inequalities and migration dynamics
Authors: Bordogna Mara Tognetti
Published: June 2021

Immigration, worldwide phenomenon, in particularly in growth in Italy, is a resource and a major challenge for the medical welfare. In addition, the immigration constitute resources as many immigrants fall in this job market becomes critical element because it helps to differentiate the question of health in our country. This new demand in addition to defy operators can determine and determines inequalities in access, use and quality of its provision to the detriment of migrants. In particular, in the essay will highlight new health inequalities caused by the presence of migrants.
Capitale sociale e salute
Authors: Tronca Luigi
Published: June 2021

This paper provides a sociological overview of the concept of social capital and explores how it is related to the notion of health. The theoretical section of the study addresses the issue of an operational definition of social capital and conducts detailed analysis of the dimensions and forms of the concept that stand out in terms of importance in the field of health research. It also takes into consideration the most significant causal mechanisms identified between social capital and health outcomes. The empirical part of the paper features analysis of data on the connection between social capital and self-perceived health, collected during the first survey conducted in Italy by the Osservatorio sulle Strategie di Consumo delle Famiglie (Observatory on Consumption Strategies in the Family). The survey shows that community social capital, generally expressed in terms of family trust, may, depending on the subject's social milieu of origin, not play any role in determining the level of self-perceived health in Italy. Alternatively, it may play either of two roles, acting as a multiplier or a substitute with regard to positive causal processes determined by parameters of a socio-demographic nature.
Community Governance between Techniques of Analysis and Decision-Making Mediation
Authors: Galesi Davide
Published: June 2021

Revising a project carried out in a local area, this contribution aims to illustrate the double methodological basis of governance policies for health services. If a partici-pated planning has to be carried out, traditional research tools require the connection with further techniques which promote processes of consensual decision-making.
The Case Management: models and tools integration in social-health
Authors: Brunod Marco , Cicero Sonia , Di Tommaso Barbara
Published: June 2021

Today in service systems there is the need of develop functional skills related to activation, coordination and monitoring of the functioning of the networks, by exercising "pivot" functions at the intermediate level (nor only the apical, nor only linked on the operation to each single case): this view has been identified on the cognitive level in the transition from the Case Manager role to the function of Network Manager. This requires availability and mandates oriented in this direction, as well as investments to create new scientific constructs, but also the creation of new professional identities, more mobile and with a strong centering on the dimensions of connection, communication, co-planning and oversight of related processes.
Oncology Pharmacies Network in the Vasta Romagna Area: the case of Ausl-Ravenna and IRST concerning maintaining service continuity
Authors: Minguzzi Martina , Altini Mattia , Corradori Tiziano
Published: June 2021

At the end of 2010, due to a contingent critical situation in terms of shortage of pharmacists, affecting the oncology pharmacy of Ravenna, an effective system of network integration among the Ausl pharmacy in Ravenna and that of IRST came into place allowing for the continuance of therapies' preparation and supply. This result was possible thanks to the utilization by both pharmacies of one software, developed in Forlě by IRST through a previous professional integration study based on an uniform organizational model of oncology drugs preparation and control. In this experience the role of IRST and that of the regional network was essential.
Medical Sociology in the UK: building a research tradition in the shadow of a Public National Health Service
Authors: Hughes David
Published: June 2021

British medical sociology emerged in the shadow of a publicly-funded National Health Service, and the need for evidence to support the development of policy and services. Although the initial focus was on applied problems, largely defined by the medical profession, a combination of permissive leadership in the early research centres and the desire of research administrators to widen research agendas, gave medical sociologists considerable latitude to developed distinctive research programmes. By the 1970s British medical sociologists were turning their attention to focused studies of interaction in health care settings, on the one hand, and professional power, structural interests, social disadvantage and gender, on the other. But this shift from applied empirical research to studies that drew more explicitly on sociological theory was halted and even reversed as the research funding climate changed, and the emphasis shifted to large multi-site, multi-disciplinary studies. While the ESRC still supports some basic social scientific research and medical sociologists also find work in multidisciplinary projects examining contemporary problems, sociological concepts are increasingly likely to be blended with concepts from other disciplines in final reports. British medical sociology is no longer an infant sub-discipline, but it still remains in many ways a marginal enterprise, uncertain of its identity and its place in the health research division of labour.
La Sociologia della salute e della medicina in Scandinavia
Authors: Riska Elianne
Published: June 2021

This review examines three stages in the development of the sociology of health and medicine in Scandinavia. First, it describes the early adoption of the Parsonian approach as part of mainstream Scandinavian medical sociology. Second, it shows that the international feminist critique of medicine became only partially integrated at the time into the views on gender and health in Scandinavian health studies. Third, from the mid-1980s onwards Scandinavian medical sociologists have mainly conducted public health/social epidemiology research as part of an effort to map and explain the continuing health inequalities in the Scandinavian welfare states. The conclusion ponders whether the current development has weakened the distinctive feature of medical sociology - its ties to social theory.
The Sociology of Health and Medicine in Poland
Authors: Slonska Zofia , Piatkowski Wlodzimierz
Published: June 2021

There is no doubt that the specificity of the country political context of the early 1950s contributed to the delay of the Polish medical sociology development. In 1951 as a result of the political decision, practicing sociology as an official scientific discipline, was prohibited. Its resurgence came after 1956. The growing domestic and international position of the Polish sociology enabled to initiate not only the activity of the general sociology but also the activity of its subdisciplines, including the medical sociology. The process of institutionalization of medical sociology in Poland has started since the beginning of 1960s. Its founder was a prominent medical sociologist Magdalena Sokolowska. Taking into account the existence of the strong connections of the Polish medical sociology both with medicine and the general sociology we can speak about its double identity. That feature of it decided about its specificity in European countries. Magdalena Sokolowska named it "intellectual hybrid". The subject of the article is the process of institutionalization and transformation of the Polish medical sociology since the beginning in the early 1960s until nowadays, in the international context.
Giustizia sociale e miglioramento umano nella societÀ bionica
Authors: Maturo Antonio
Published: June 2021

The use of substances that improve cognitive abilities is now more and more common in many countries. These treatments are not aimed at curing pathologies, but rather at enhancing normal human capabilities, i.e. people are using pharmaceutical products to alter their biological makeup. The following article investigates this phenomenon and questions the role of the State in relation to this practice. The article concludes with an explanation of why the State, unlike what some bioethicists have proposed, should not support the use of cognitive enhancers.
Migliorare la memoria? La medicina della memoria, la demenza e il cervello che invecchia
Authors: Katz Stephen , Peters Kevin R.
Published: June 2021

The study explores the relationship between the neurosciences, aging, anti-aging culture, memory medicine, and the hypercognitive society. The first part traces the discourses of mind from the Enlightenment to contemporary biosocial models where the aging brain has become a social laboratory for research, experimentation, and intervention. The second part explores the Cholinergic Hypothesis, the development of the cholinesterase inhibitors and their recent implementation in cases of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Critical questions are posed about how the mission to optimize aging has affected projects to enhance the mind.
La farmacologizzazione della solitudine e dell'insicurezza
Authors: Galesi Davide
Published: June 2021

Research conducted in a province of Italy evidences that the consumption of psychotropic drugs mostly involves women, the elderly with chronic illnesses, and people who have experienced breakdown in a primary affective relation (separation, divorce, partner's death), as well as workers in precarious employment. As emerges from the debate on medicalization, psychotropic drugs are prescribed not only to treat specific psychopathologies but also to reduce the common emotions of loneliness and insecurity.
Enhancing the mind? Memory medicine, dementia, and the aging brain
Authors: Katz Stephen , Peters Kevin R.
Published: June 2021

The study explores the relationship between the neurosciences, aging, anti-aging culture, memory medicine, and the hypercognitive society. The first part traces the discourses of mind from the Enlightenment to contemporary biosocial models where the aging brain has become a social laboratory for research, experimentation, and intervention. The second part explores the Cholinergic Hypothesis, the development of the cholinesterase inhibitors and their recent implementation in cases of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Critical questions are posed about how the mission to optimize aging has affected projects to enhance the mind.
The pharmacologization of loneliness and insecurity
Authors: Galesi Davide
Published: June 2021

Research conducted in a province of Italy evidences that the consumption of psychotropic drugs mostly involves women, the elderly with chronic illnesses, and people who have experienced breakdown in a primary affective relation (separation, divorce, partner's death), as well as workers in precarious employment. As emerges from the debate on medicalization, psychotropic drugs are prescribed not only to treat specific psychopathologies but also to reduce the common emotions of loneliness and insecurity.
Boosting brainpower? From the medicalisation of cognition to the pharmaceuticalisation of routine mental life
Authors: Coveney Catherine , Gabe Jonathan , Williams Simon
Published: June 2021

Sociological engagement with debates around the promise, problems and prospects of pharmaceutical cognitive enhancment is still at an early stage. In this paper we attempt to explore how the prospect of cognitive enhancement can be understood using existing sociological concepts of medicalisation, biomedicalisation and pharmaceuticalisation. Drawing on two case studies, that of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and the use of modafinil to enhance alertness, we discuss the idea of enhancement medicine and the use of cognitive enhancers outside of medical authority. We suggest that whilst all three of the above concepts shed important light on these developments, overlapping and converging as they do in various ways, pharmaceuticalisation provides a more precise sociological term of reference. We end with some suggestions for a research agenda for tracing and tracking trends in pharmaceutical cognitive enhancement over time.
Produzione globale, lavoro e strategia sindacale: alcune riflessioni a partire dalla teoria delle catene globali del valore
Authors: Greco Lidia
Published: June 2021

Partendo dai processi di riorganizzazione globale della produzione secondo catene del valore, l'articolo riflette sulle implicazioni per il lavoro, sulle sfide che esso si trova a fronteggiare e sulle risposte che sembrano delinearsi. Dopo un periodo di inevitabile disorientamento, l'articolo dŕ conto del rinnovato attivismo da parte del sindacato che si traduce, da un lato, nell'elaborazione di strategie più adeguate alla mutata organizzazione del lavoro e, dall'altro, nella collaborazione con nuovi soggetti sociali e verso forme di regolazione del lavoro diverse da quelle tradizionali. La ristrutturazione della produzione con cui il capitale tenta incessantemente di superare la criticitŕ del lavoro si scontra infatti con una dimensione sostantiva incontrovertibile che consiste nel suo bisogno ultimo di realizzare l'accumulazione: esisterŕ sempre quindi un momento nel quale il capitale avrŕ la necessitŕ di definire una dialettica socio-spaziale.
Il "Delle virtů e dei Premi" di G. Dragonetti (e una polemica di B. Croce)
Authors: Bruni Luigino
Published: June 2021

Giacinto Dragonetti č l'autore di un piccolo libro, Delle virtů e de' premi (1766) che associato al piů celebre Dei delitti e delle pene (1764) di Cesare Beccaria, ebbe un significa- tivo successo nell'Europa dei lumi pre-rivoluzionaria. Il libro č costruito attorno all'idea che alle pene per i delitti, un Paese civile debba affiancare i premi alle virtů. Benedetto Croce, nel 1947, mise in dubbio che la paternitŕ di tale opera fosse di Giacinto Dragonetti. Il saggio ha un duplice scopo: riproporre agli studiosi di oggi l'opera di Dragonetti; chiudere - grazie ad alcuni documenti d'archivio - la questione aperta da Croce sulla paternitŕ di Delle virtů e dei premi.
The Institutionalists' Reaction to Chamberlin's Theory of Monopolistic Competition
Authors: Fiorito Luca
Published: June 2021

Edwin Chamberlin's The Theory of Monopolistic competition is often described as containing important traces of institutionalist influence. This is also confirmed by Chamberlin himself who, repeatedly, referred to the work of Veblen, and John Maurice Clark among his inspirational sources. The aim of this paper is to analyse the institutionalist reaction to the publication of the Theory of Monopolistic Competition. What will be argued is that the institutionalist response to Chamberlin was a mixed one, and involved some substantial criticisms of his analysis of market structures both on methodological and theoretical grounds. The paper is organized as follows. The first section presents a sketch of the main theoretical implications contained in The Theory of Monopolistic Competition. The second section analyses the general aspects of the institutionalist reaction to Chamberlin. The third and fourth sections deal with the more theoretical aspects of the institutionalist criticism of Chamberlin. The final section presents a conclusion.
Giovanni Demaria and the Rockefeller Foundation: Seesaw relationships during a thirty-year span (1930-1958)
Authors: Parisi Daniela
Published: June 2021

Recent historiography on the interest of Italian economists in American economic thought is becoming rich and valuable. Thanks to these sources, we know that this interest arose because several Italian economists were attracted by the realism featured in North American economic investigation, by the importance attributed to both statistical measurement and historical analysis, and by the pluralism of approaches and vital eclecticism of American social scientists. Among Italian economists, Luigi Einaudi acknowledged such scientific vitality, and held the role of advisor for the selection of Italian candidates for Rockefeller fellowships. With Luigi De Simone of the University of Naples, the second Italian economist selected for a study program in the United States was Giovanni Demaria, who established a long-lasting relationship with the Rockefeller Foundation (1930-1958): first as a student (1930-1931), then as the Rector of the Bocconi University (1947-1952), and finally as an authoritative economist and the President of the Societŕ Italiana degli Economisti (1953-1958).
La nobiltÀ nel Mezzogiorno d'Italia durante il Decennio francese
Authors: Papagna Elena
Published: June 2021

- In the first part of the essay the author examines the law on nobility enacted in southern Italy under French domination by linking it to measures taken by the Bourbon government in the second half of the Eighteenth Century. Two stages have been identified in Napoleonic legislation: the first deprives the ancient nobility of the Kingdom of its legal privileges maintaining only an honorary distinction; the second establishes a new nobility, intended to confer symbolic and material rewards on those who distinguished themselves in the service of the State and the Dynasty. An advisory board – the Consiglio de' majoraschi – was created and charged with carrying out the bureaucratic procedures provided for the establishment of entails. These were an essential requirement for the titles conferred upon the new nobles to become hereditary. In the second part the author performs a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the new nobility, involving the timing and social distribution of the new titles. Te relations between old and new Neapolitan aristocracy nobles are also investigated. The case of Southern Italy is set in the broader context of Napoleonic Europe, and the similarities and differences between the new nobilities of the French Empire and of the Kingdom of Italy are duly underlined.

Keywords: Napoleonic Era; Southern Italy; Nobility; legislation on nobility

Parole chiave: etÀ napoleonica; Mezzogiorno d'Italia; nobiltÀ; legislazione nobiliare
La biblioteca privata di Francesco d'Aguirre funzionario e bibliofilo
Authors: Turchetti Maria Francesca
Published: June 2021

- This article concerns the Sicilian jurist Francesco d'Aguirre (1682-1745), a prominent figure of the early eighteenth century. A pupil of Gravina in Roma, he played a key role in university reform in Turin under Victor Amadeus II, and was later a leading member of the Giunta del censimento established by Charles VI in Milan. Turchetti examines a catalogue of part of his library (which was sold by his son Vittorio after his death) printed by Antonio Agnelli in 1753 and kept in the Biblioteca Trivulziana in Milan. Tha authoress also examines the correspondence exchange by Aguirre with some of the leading intellectuals of his time, such as Muratori, Lama, Maffei, Metastasio, Cmpailla. These letters illustratee d'Aguirre's cultural interests and throw light on the provenance of some of the books included in the catalogue

Key words: Francesco d'Aguirre; Private Libraries; Eighteenth century; Italy; Correspondence.
Alla ricerca di una storia dell'ambientalismo italiano: il contributo di Giorgio Nebbia e Franco Pedrotti
Authors: Piccioni Luigi
Published: June 2021

- The birth of Italian environmental history in the late 80s is due to the works and research of professional and non-professional historians. Its recent growth, fed for the first time by young researchers, and its gradual institutionalization could take place neglecting or even ignoring the numerous and sometimes excellent studies published by non-professionals. The cases of the merceologist Giorgio Nebbia and the botanist Franco Pedrotti appear exemplary in this regard. Both of them being eminent scholars in their own fields and pioneers of the italian environmentalist movement, they dedicated a considerable part of their scientific production to historical research. Nebbia has devoted himself to the history of the relationship between society, commodities and natural resources and to the story of "ecological contestation" while Pedrotti has re- searched mainly in the fields of protected areas and in post 2nd World War Italian environmentalism. This essay aims to highlight the contribution given by Nebbia and Pedrotti to Italian studies in the field of environmental history and to the spread of interest in this subject.

Parole chiave: Italia; storiografia; storia ambientale; ambientalismo; aree protette; archivi.

Key words: Italy; historiography; environmental history; environmentalism; protected areas; archives.
La scuola militare di Modena: un modello di formazione professionale
Authors: Ferraresi Alessandra
Published: June 2021

- The paper focuses, in Napoleonic Italy, on the innovative role of the Modena Military School in the complete education of Artillery officials and Engineers and the legacy it left in engineering culture and the profession during the first modernization of Italy.

Parole chiave: scuole militari; ingegneri; formazione; professioni; modernizzazione.

Key words: Military Institutions; engineers; education; professions; modernization.
Donati e la Monarchia Asburgica
Authors: Garms Cornides Elisabeth
Published: June 2021

Agli studi dedicati all'ambito trentino collegato all'Impero e agli Asburgo, signori territoriali del Tirolo, sotto molteplici profili e a quelli sul riformismo settecentesco e sull'importanza del «momento muratoriano» per le riforme teresiano-giuseppine dovevano seguire nel tempo quelli centrati sul tema innovatore della nobiltÀ italiana al servizio delle armi imperiali. Vanno ricordate anche le numerose recensioni, testimonianze di una costante attenzione alla produzione storiografica d'oltralpe e alle questioni metodologiche da essa sollevate.
"Proudhon in esilio". La ricezione del pensiero proudhoniano negli ambienti del fuoruscitismo italiano in Francia (anni venti e trenta)
Authors: Paci Deborah
Published: June 2021

L'autore intende analizzare la ricezione di Pierre-Joseph Proudhon da parte degli antifascisti italiani esuli in Francia negli anni tra le due guerre, prendendo in esame l'interpretazione del pensiero proudhoniano fornita dal sociologo russo Georges Gurvitch. Fu grazie alla mediazione di Gurvitch che fuorusciti italiani come Andrea Caffi e Silvio Trentin accolsero con favore le intuizioni proudhoniane relative al "Diritto economico". La nozione gurvitchiana di "Diritto sociale" (rielaborazione del "Diritto economico" proudhoniano) - l'unico principio normativo in grado di governare in maniera equa il corpo sociale stabilendo una condizione di equilibro all'interno del conflitto - ha suscitato una grande influenza sulla cultura antitotalitaria che gravitava intorno agli ambienti giellisti. L'autore illustra le differenti sensibilitÀ espresse dai fuorusciti a partire da un'indagine dei loro scritti rintracciando i riferimenti teorici presenti nell'opera proudhoniana e nel lavoro di Gurvitch

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Gli esordi dell'apostolato via etere: le radioprediche di Vittorino Facchinetti (1926-1936)
Authors: Airoldi Sara
Published: June 2021

La crescente sensibilitÀ della Chiesa nei confronti dei mezzi di comunicazione e l'esigenza di allestire una programmazione variegata determinarono, a partire dal 1926, l'ingresso e il graduale consolidamento del genere della predicazione religiosa nei palinsesti radiofonici. L'autrice si propone di ricostruire la prima esperienza di apostolato via etere ad opera del francescano Vittorino Facchinetti ripercorrendone articolazione e contenuti e valutandone gli esiti in termini di popolaritÀ. I testi delle omelie, pubblicati in numerose raccolte a cura dello stesso Facchinetti, presentano una notevole varietÀ di argomenti, tra sacro e profano e in consonanza ai cardini ideologici e retorici del fascismo, che riuscě ad intercettare un pubblico eterogeneo. I resoconti del «Radiocorriere» e la corrispondenza personale, infatti, testimoniano il diffuso gradimento degli appuntamenti, che fece del frate una star indiscussa del sistema radiofonico italiano degli anni trenta.
Sul significato del "platonismo" di PeramÀs nel suo Commentarius (1793)
Authors: Melai Fabrizio
Published: June 2021

Nella sua opera De vita et moribus tredecim virorum Paraguaycorum (1795), l'ex gesuita paraguaiano José Manuel Peramás inserě un Commentarius in cui stabiliva un paragone fra le famose missioni del Paraguay e lo stato utopico di Platone. Questo fatto ha contribuito molto alla fama dello scritto di Peramás e alla sua fortuna in anni recenti. Con questo saggio, l'autore dimostra che il Commentarius si inseriva in un contesto italiano che vedeva il risveglio dell'interesse per le opere politiche di Platone, che Peramás aveva studiato in Spagna, presso l'UniversitÀ di Cervera, alla scuola dell'umanista Finestres. Analizzando poi il contenuto del Commentarius, l'autore ne sottolinea gli aspetti apologetici, che rimandano alle opere di Domingo Muriel, ultimo Provinciale del Paraguay. Peramás voleva infatti contrapporre il modello politico delle Missioni del Paraguay alle realizzazioni della Rivoluzione in Francia, usando l'utopia platonica per riaffermare una politologia tradizionale, con sostanziali legami con la filosofia della Seconda Scolastica, specialmente Francisco Suárez.
Vincenzo Errante, Fernando Palazzi e "La Scala d'Oro": due letterati-editori all'origine di una collana per ragazzi negli anni trenta
Authors: Rebellato Elisa
Published: June 2021

Tra il 1932 e il 1936 la casa editrice Utet pubblicň "La Scala d'Oro", una collana graduata per l'infanzia che riscosse fin da subito un enorme successo. Ideatori e direttori della collana furono Vincenzo Errante e Fernando Palazzi, un germanista e un magistrato prestati al mondo dell'editoria. Collaboratori di numerose case editrici, concepirono il loro progetto durante la loro attivitÀ presso Mondadori, come tentativo di risposta ai mutamenti che stavano investendo il mercato del libro scolastico, a seguito dell'imposizione del Testo Unico per la scuola elementare. Tuttavia, le incomprensioni tra i direttori e Arnoldo finirono per favorire la casa editrice torinese. Numerosi corrispondenti scrissero a Palazzi in merito alla pubblicazione della collana. Da tali lettere emerge che punti di forza della serie furono la sapiente scelta dei testi, che mescolavano antico e moderno per fornire al giovane lettore un vasto panorama di conoscenze, e la ricchezza dell'apparato illustrativo, realizzato dai migliori artisti.
Fra terra e mare. qualche riflessione circa le frontiere della Toscana moderna e il ruolo di quest'ultima nello spazio mediterraneo
Authors: Rizzo Mario
Published: June 2021

Il volume analizza le molteplici frontiere della Toscana moderna (terrestri e marittime, interne ed esterne, laiche ed ecclesiastiche, economiche e culturali), illustrandone le complesse interazioni e ponendole in stretta correlazione con piů ampi contesti storici e geografici, quali il variegato scacchiere mediterraneo e il sistema imperiale degli Asburgo di Spagna. La costruzione e il controllo dei confini, lungi dall'essere l'esito esclusivo dell'attivitÀ statale, erano profondamente influenzati anche dall'azione di altri attori periferici: emerge in tal modo una struttura del potere piuttosto diffusa nella societÀ e sul territorio, il che peraltro non implica affatto la sottovalutazione del ruolo dello stato. La frontiera appare come una realtÀ ‘vivente', concepita non tanto come una linea continua, ben definita e stabile nel tempo, quanto come uno spazio granulare e discontinuo, sovente frutto di un processo storico lungo e intricato.
Il contributo della riflessione ecologica negli studi di storia della cultura materiale. Considerazioni di sintesi
Authors: Candela Andrea
Published: June 2021

La storia della cultura materiale ha ormai assunto la funzione di utile strumento di ricerca mediante il quale accrescere l'insieme delle conoscenze riguardanti una specifica area geografica, consentendo la valorizzazione del suo complesso patrimonio di risorse naturali ed antropiche. Gli studi di cultura materiale hanno infatti acquisito, nel contesto delle indagini storiche e paesaggistiche italiane, sulla scia della lezione europea ed internazionale, un ruolo preliminare nelle differenti iniziative di riqualificazione economica e culturale del territorio. Si veda, ad esempio, l'esperienza, ormai diffusa, che ha incoraggiato la nascita di diverse realtÀ ecomuseali. L'articolo cerca dunque di chiarire l'importanza di tale settore di ricerche nello studio interdisciplinare della storia e della conservazione del territorio, ripercorrendone gli andamenti storico-epistemologici e illustrandone alcune linee di sviluppo relativamente recenti, che hanno coinvolto ambiti quali le scienze naturali e biologiche.
Le aree industriali attrezzate: genealogia ed evoluzione di un modello di sostegno allo sviluppo locale
Authors: Magagnoli Stafano
Published: June 2021

Dopo aver indicato i principali assunti teorici e le esperienze salienti che contrassegnano la genealogia del concetto di Area industriale attrezzata (Aia), il saggio si sofferma sulla sua applicazione in Italia, interrogandosi sulla natura del modello istituzionale che nel nostro paese č stato alla base delle politiche di creazione di aree per l'industria. Quali scopi ha avuto, in Italia, la realizzazione delle Aia? Esse sono state usate al fine di sostenere l'industrializzazione, agevolando la nascita e la crescita delle imprese, oppure come semplici strumenti amministrativi atti a consentire l'utilizzo razionale di una risorsa scarsa quale č il territorio? Quella delle Aia č stata una politica a sostegno delle dinamiche evolutive dell'impresa (ovvero una politica di promozione dello sviluppo delle risorse endogene) o esse sono state uno strumento di competizione territoriale? Qual č stato, infine, il ruolo delle aree industriali attrezzate nel processo di sviluppo manifatturiero italiano? Proponendo queste domande come possibili chiavi di lettura delle vicende osservate, il saggio rimarca, nella conclusione, come il "modello italiano" si riveli estremamente sfaccettato, composto di esperienze particolari e impossibili da ricondurre a paradigmi unificanti. La stretta relazione tra capitale e Stato appare, tuttavia, come una componente di forte continuitŕ.
La legge 634/57 ed il progetto di sviluppo industriale per il Mezzogiorno
Authors: Dattomo Nicla
Published: June 2021

La legge 634/57, che proroga fino al 1965 l'attivitŕ della Cassa per il Mezzogiorno, dispone una serie di strumenti specifici atti a sostenere lo sviluppo industriale delle regioni meridionali, introducendo, in particolare, misure finalizzate a consentire la realizzazione di "zone di concentrazione" delle iniziative industriali. Negli anni successivi al 1957, queste misure si specificheranno in un dispositivo normativo per l'istituzione di Aree di sviluppo industriale (Asi) e Nuclei di industrializzazione (Ni) del Mezzogiorno. Esso č espressione di scelte che riguardano due importanti ordini di problemi: da un lato, la scelta di un modello di sviluppo per il paese, con l'affermazione definitiva di un principio di economia mista, o di capitalismo guidato; dall'altro, la scelta di un modello geografico di distribuzione dell'industria nazionale, rispetto al quale temi cruciali appaiono quello di una piů equanime ripartizione del tra nord e sud e, all'interno del Mezzogiorno, quello di un bilanciamento tra "concentrazione" e "diffusione" dell'industria. Il saggio, ripercorsa brevemente la genealogia del disegno di legge ed evidenziato il ruolo svolto, nella sua definizione, dalle ipotesi elaborate dalla Associazione per lo sviluppo industriale del Mezzogiorno (Svimez), osserva il dispositivo normativo ricercando i contenuti territoriali sottesi ai provvedimenti.