bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role Of OCB As A Mediation Variable On Employee Performance
Authors: Muhammad Irfan Al Asyqy  , Ida Aryati DPW  , Sarsono
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect that organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) has on employee performance as a mediation factor at the General Section of the Surakarta City Regional Secretariat. The data in this study are quantitative in nature. The information that was utilized in this research derived from primary sources, specifically questionnaires that were given out to a minimum of 75 employees of the General Section of the Regional Secretariat of Surakarta City. Saturated sampling is the method that is being used for the sample. The methods of data analysis that were used included statistical analysis, including Convergent Validity, Discriminant Validity, and Composite Reliability using SmartPLS 3.0. The findings indicated that organizational culture and work ethic both directly and indirectly had a significant and positive effect on employee performance at the General Section of the Surakarta City Regional Secretariat. The findings of the study also indicate that OCB, in its role as a mediating variable, has a stronger indirect influence than a direct effect on the performance of employees in the General Section of the Regional Secretariat of Surakarta City. It is anticipated that the findings of this study will contribute positively to the discourse that leaders engage in to enhance organizational culture, work ethic, and organizational citizenship behavior for the purpose of improving employee performance.
Pengaruh Brand Image, Brand Trust, Brand Satisfaction terhadap Brand Loyalty Pada E-Wallet Gopay
Authors: Selvia  , Rusdi Hidayat Nugroho
Published: April 2024

Brand Loyalty is a commitment that arises from consumers to a specific brand. Brand satisfaction, brand image, and brand trust are some of the variables that might impact brand loyalty. Non-cash payment via digital systems, which are an addition to e-commerce, refer to smart payment alternatives in several developing countries, one of which is indonesia. The emergence of digitalization through the Internet has accelerated the flow of globalization and payment systems from manual to online transactions. This research aims to determine the impact of brand image, brand trust, and brand satisfaction either concurrently or partially on the brand Loyalty of gopay e-wallet customers among UPN Veteran Jawa Timur. This kind of study employs quantitative associative research methodology. techniques and This study used 200 as the sample. respondents and used is a Google form. The collected data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).  As a result, Brand Image, Brand Trust and Brand Satisfaction simultaneously influence the Gopay E-wallet Brand Loyalty. Based on the results of the t test, which are 111,361 > 2,65, the F test, it is known that brand loyalty is positively and significantly impacted by brand image (significantly significant effect = 0.000), positively and significantly impacted by brand trust (significant impact = 0.088), and positively and significantly impacted by brand satisfaction (significant impact = 0.004). the conclusion of this research is that Brand image, brand trust, brand satisfaction simultaneously influence the gopay e-wallet brand loyalty. Brand image has a positive and significant effect on brand loyalty. Brand trust has a positive and significant effect on brand loyalty
Program Peningkatan Kompetensi Perusahaan di Era Digital dari FinTech
Authors: Laras Tiara Putri  , Lulu Angelita  , Agus Munandar
Published: April 2024

In the digital era of FinTech, a company uses a program called a “corporate competency improvement program” to help digital-based businesses better meet the demands of increasingly digital customers. Likewise, the financial industry, cooperatives and second-hand goods stores continue to improve their quality. One program that can help a business improve the quality of its customer service is company digitalization. Businesses related to finance have been successful. However, there were several obstacles found in program implementation, for example an outdated IT framework, a work culture that had not been digitized, and poor coordination between internal organizational divisions.
Penerapan Puspaga dalam Pencegahan Kekerasan pada Anak di Kelurahan Sidosermo, Kecamatan Wonocolo, Kota Surabaya
Authors: Bayu Daffario Ardana  , Singgih Manggalou
Published: April 2024

This research aims to find out how PUSPAGA is implemented to stop violence against children. Sidosermo Village is located in Wonocolo sub-district, Surabaya, Indonesia. The village is known for its PUSPAGA program, which is held in every RW Hall. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Based on the study, this research has referred to the public policy implementation model according to Van Metter and Van Horn, fulfilling six variables. During the PUSPAGA implementation program in Sidosermo Village, effective communication occurred between the various organizations involved, making it easier to coordinate interrelated activities throughout the implementation process. The Surabaya Department of Child Empowerment and Protection and Population Control and Family Planning (DP5A) and PUSPAGA collaborate with various departments and institutions according to the community's needs.
Komunikasi Antar Budaya Pertukaran Pelajar Universitas Binadarma Palembang dan University Selangor Malaysia
Authors: Rizka Nadiyah Rahmah Safhirah  , Desy Misnawati
Published: April 2024

Behavior, interaction, and aculturation of intercultural communication in students of Communication Sciences University of Binadarma and University of Cultural Sciences Selangor Malaysia are the subject of this research. Using student exchange programmes to enhance mutual cultural understanding and understanding, this intercultural communication is facilitated through introduction, adaptation, symbolic interactionalism, and cultural accuracy. The author hopes to improve inter-cultural communication through methods such as cultural identification, adaption, and accuration. The writer uses qualitative methods and performs interviews with several students of Selangor University Malaysia to answer various questions. The results of this study show that his friends of different cultures have very intense intercultural communication. In places like cafés, lobbies, halls, classrooms, seats, and campus courts, people show their culture. Readers get literature about intercultural communication with new students who have cultural differences because the same cases happen every year. This is the benefit of this research.
Pengaruh Desain Fasad Terhadap Waktu Melalui Analisa Jarak Pandang dan Suhu Ketika Terjadi Kebakaran
Authors: Ghaitsa Shahira Shafa  , Debby Seftyarizki  , Panji Anom Ramawangsa
Published: April 2024

As a place of worship for Muslims and a place of study for other religions, mosques are buildings that really need to be considered in mitigating fire disasters. Apart from that, there is not much research that discusses fire safety in mosque buildings. So, this research was carried out in which the main focus of the research was on the fire safety of mosque buildings through scenario simulations of different facade shapes, namely in scenario 1 using the existing conditions with the first layer of the facade. Furthermore, in scenario 2, using the outermost facade layer according to the existing conditions and removing the first layer of the facade, namely the walls covering the inner area of the mosque, and scenario 3 uses the author's facade design in the form of calligraphy. The simulation was carried out using fire simulation software, namely PyroSim. In the scenario studied the heat release rate/area was 750 kW/m² which lasted for 300 seconds. In the scenario described, it shows that scenario 3 has a longer ASSET (Available Safe Egress Time), namely at visibility it takes 300> seconds and at temperature 300 seconds. This facade has a more powerful air flow than the other two scenarios so that smoke and temperature can be minimized through this air flow
Pengaruh Return on Asset (ROA), Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), dan Price to Book Value (PBV) terhadap Harga Saham Perusahaan Sektor Teknologi yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2021-2022
Authors: Putri Aprilia  , Tutut Dewi Astuti
Published: April 2024

This study aims to evaluate the impact of ROA, CR, DER, and PBV on the stock prices of technology companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2021-2022. The research is quantitative with a descriptive approach, utilizing secondary data from the BEI website. The population consists of 38 companies, with a purposive sample of 26 technology companies. Analytical methods include descriptive statistics, classic assumption tests (normality, multicollinearity, autocorrelation, and heteroskedasticity), multiple linear regression, and hypothesis testing using the t-test. The study results indicate that ROA, CR, and PBV significantly affect stock prices (p < 0.05), while DER does not have a significant impact (p > 0.05).
Perbaikan Mutu Berkelanjutan dan Standar Mutu
Authors: Makmur Syukri  , Muammar
Published: April 2024

This research aims to analyze continuous quality improvement and quality standards at Madrasah Aliyah in Langkat. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive research type. Data was collected through interviews, observation and documentation. The subjects of this research were principals, teachers and students of Madrasah Aliyah in Langkat. The results of the research show that continuous quality improvement and quality standards at Madrasah Aliyah in Langkat are by planning distinctive and unique innovative and superior programs to improve the quality of the process and quality of educational graduates, namely: by grouping language classes, Olympic classes, research classes, acceleration, improving the quality of infrastructure, a conducive environment and the development of extracurricular religious curricula, speech in three languages, arts and culture and sports activities, all of which lead to improving the quality of graduates as the output of the education process carried out at the Madrasah
Peran Biro Kesra Sekretariat Daerah Provinsi Jawa Timur dalam Pemberian Bantuan Sosial Jaminan Hidup Tahap Akhir Bagi Eks. Korban Konflik Sosial Sampang Tahun 2023
Authors: Shofy Salsabil Mumtazah  , Kalvin Edo Wahyudi
Published: April 2024

The social conflict between the Syiah and Sunni groups in Sampang Regency, East Java due to differences in understanding has caused social risks for the Shia Group in the form of discrimination which led to rejection, requiring them to leave their homes and take refuge in the Jemundo Flat in Sidoarjo Regency. As stated in the East Java Governor Regulation No. 44 of 2021 which also discusses social assistance, the East Java Provincial Welfare Bureau participated in handling social risks due to the conflict that occurred by providing social assistance in the form of life insurance in cash for the victims. However, there are discrepancies in its implementation, namely related to the period of providing social assistance that exceeds the grace period for conflict. This study aims to determine the role of the Kesra Bureau in providing social assistance in the form of a final stage of life insurance at the end of October 2023 for Ex-Sampang Social Conflict Victims in 2023. This research is descriptive qualitative using the Miles and Huberman analysis method. Primary data used was obtained through observation, documentation and interviews as well as secondary data through related journals and websites. The research locus is located at the Bureau of Welfare of the Regional Secretariat of East Java Province. The results showed that the Welfare Bureau had carried out the provision of social assistance in the form of life insurance in the final stage on October 30, 2023 at the Jemundo Flat, Sidoarjo Regency. This indicates that the Welfare Bureau with the help of relevant stakeholders has carried out its role in providing late-stage social assistance according to the criteria for providing social assistance as in Governor Regulation No. 44 of 2021 Article 30, namely meeting the requirements of beneficiaries, selective, temporary and not continuous, except in certain circumstances it can be sustainable, and adjusted to the intended use.
Strategi Pemberdayaan Masyarakat oleh Fasilitator Puspaga dalam Pencegahan Kekerasan Perempuan dan Anak serta Pembentukan Keluarga Berkualitas Kelurahan Ketabang
Authors: Lesanti Putri , Muhammad Agus Muljanto
Published: April 2024

Family is an important aspect in the formation of individual character in a family. Prosperous and quality families form quality generation as well. To form a prosperous and quality family, insight or knowledge that is open and following the times is needed. Surabaya City is a city with a child-friendly city category and prioritizes gender equality against sexual violence against children and women. To make it happen, the Surabaya City Government under the auspices of the Office of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection and Population Control and Family Planning or DP3APPKB Surabaya City established the PUSPAGA (Family Learning Center) program to support efforts to form a prosperous and quality family The form is to place PUSPAGA facilitators in each Rw hall spread across 94 points in the city of Surabaya. The research used was quality research with a type of descriptive research, the purpose of this study was to determine the empowerment strategy carried out by the facilitator of the Rw 3 hall in Ketabang Village
Implementasi Kebijakan Pojok Konseling Keluarga Pusat Pembelajaran Keluarga di Kelurahan Bubutan
Authors: Viandra Rafelia Cahya Sunarko  , Katerina Bataha
Published: April 2024

The function of the family is of concern to many parties, one of which is the government's attention because the family is the first step to creating a better quality of life. The aim of establishing a counseling corner is to change behavior or circumstances in clients who previously had or did things that were not good. Another aim is to ensure mental health and find solutions to the problems faced by clients, as well as improving the quality of the client's self. Apart from that, the goal that we really want to achieve with the existence of a counseling corner in the RW hall is to create a better life and personality. So Puspaga services are provided at the Bubutan Village RW Hall, which is one of the innovations of the Surabaya City Government to bring public services closer to the community. Research on Policy Implementation for Family Counseling Corners and Family Learning Centers uses descriptive methods with a case study approach. The results of the research that has been carried out show that the Counseling Corner Facilitators and Puspaga facilitators have been able to provide closer services to the community by providing Puspaga Balai RW services in Bubutan Village which include counseling and psychological assistance, socialization or promotion and parenting services.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dalam Usaha Penguatan Literasi dan Numerasi: Studi di Desa Putat Kidul Kecamatan Gondanglegi Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Regita Pinkan Syahrani  , Arimurti Kriswibowo
Published: April 2024

The implementation of Community Empowerment is an important process in improving the quality of life of the community and increasing community participation. One of them is in strengthening literacy, which is a key strategy in increasing the capacity of individuals and community groups to face challenges in an increasingly complex information age. This study aims to explain the concepts, strategies, and impacts of community empowerment implementation by explaining how community empowerment is implemented in various contexts of strengthening literacy, focusing on improving the ability to read, write, and understand information in Putat Kidul Village. The research method used in this journal is a qualitative research method by conducting interviews, observations, and document analysis to collect data with community members involved in empowerment programs. The author uses 4 research focuses, namely the provision of resources, opportunities, knowledge and skills. The results of this study show that community empowerment in an effort to strengthen literacy and numeracy in Putat Kidul Village, Gondanglegi District has not been carried out optimally due to inadequate technological resources for the teaching and learning process such as laptops and projectors.
Penerapan Pengelolaan Dana Hibah Pengadaan Sarana dan Prasarana di Biro Kesejahteraan Rakyat Sekretariat Daerah Provinsi Jawa Timur
Authors: Muhammad Raihan Adji Nurdihansyah  , Indira Arundinasari
Published: April 2024

Grant funds have become an important instrument in supporting the development of various sectors, including education and community welfare. The aim of this research is to study the role and influence of grant funds in improving these sectors. In addition, this research explains the process of applying for grant funds from the grant application stage to the grant accountability reporting stage. Domestic Regulation Number 23 of 2011 concerning guidelines for providing grants and social assistance from the APBN states that the aim of managing grants and social assistance is to ensure orderly administration, high accountability and management transparency. The allocation of social welfare spending in provincial and city government budgets in Indonesia is an implementation of social development which aims to reduce poverty not only in terms of income and consumption, but also in terms of social and environmental aspects. It can be seen that the flow of grant aid has a coherent procedure starting from the application to the disbursement process. There is a system that regulates the flow of grant aid so that the application process is easier.
Pengembangan Aplikasi E-Commerce Berbasis Mobile dengan Metode SDLC untuk PT. Jagonya Ayam Merah
Authors: Haeruddin  , Gautama  , Gunawan
Published: April 2024

The increased use of mobile e-commerce applications prompted PT. Jagonya Ayam Merah to adopt this technology. This research develops a mobile-based e-commerce application using the SDLC method. Results indicate the application meets customer needs and provides a strong foundation for system development. SDLC is key to a structured and effective development process, expected to contribute positively to the growth of PT. Jagonya Ayam Merah's business.
Analisis Prosedur Sistem Informasi Akuntansi pada Siklus Penggajian Terhadap Karyawan: Studi Kasus BPDAS Jeneberang Saddang
Authors: Devita Natalia  , Nuraisyiah  , Masnawaty Sangkala
Published: April 2024

A payroll accounting system is really needed in a company that can deal directly with employees. The payroll system functions in managing payment transactions for services carried out by employees who have a manager level position. Payroll-related activities (information regarding recruitment, dismissal, transfer, training, etc.) and collection of information regarding the use of employee time that occurs every day. However, the actual processing of payroll only occurs periodically because in most organizations employees are paid weekly, biweekly, or monthly rather than daily. Therefore, payroll is a continuous application that is processed in batch mode. The subject of this research is one of the administrative staff informants at the BPDAS Jeneberang Saddang office, while the results of this research are using documentation guidelines and interview guidelines taken using direct interview and documentation techniques. Data collection is carried out using a direct acquisition system from the parties concerned. Data analysis was carried out using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. The research results show that the payroll system that occurs at the BPDAS Jeneberang Saddang office is in accordance with the Operational Procedure System (SOP) that has been established by the Ministry of Finance, namely the payroll system that is implemented at the BPDAS Jeneberang Saddang office is good in terms of providing documents relating to payroll system. The payroll system used by the BPDAS Jeneberang Saddang office is technology-based using the GPP (Central Civil Servant Salary) application system and other supporting documents such as changes to employee salary lists, making SPP (Payment Request Letters), SSP (Tax Payment Letters), SPM ( Payment Order), and finally SP2D (Funds Disbursement Order).
Impact of Online Learning Platforms on Student Engagement in India
Authors: Joshi Divya
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of online learning platforms on student engagement in India.

Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.

Findings:  Research on online learning platforms in India highlights increased access to education, particularly in remote areas. Students show high engagement due to platform convenience and interactive features. Challenges like the digital divide impact equitable access and engagement. Despite these challenges, online platforms have the potential to revolutionize education in India. Addressing accessibility barriers is crucial for maximizing engagement and ensuring inclusive learning.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Social presence theory, cognitive load theory & technology acceptance model (TAM) effect may be used to anchor future studies on the impact of online learning platforms on student engagement in India. Pedagogical Innovation and Teacher Training - Educational institutions in India should prioritize pedagogical innovation and invest in teacher training programs focused on effective online instruction. Digital Infrastructure and Accessibility - Policymakers must address infrastructural challenges and promote equitable access to digital resources and connectivity across all regions of India.
Taking Control: A Novel Galvanic Stimulation Device for the Visually Impaired.
Authors: Peng Jing Quan , Strehl Elizabeth , Mbua Peter , Leong Susan , Kaval Mert
Published: April 2024

The white cane has been the prominent and widely used mobility aid by visually impaired persons for many years, however, there are some limitations associated with the white cane mobility aid device. Primarily, the white cane exhibits restricted capability in detecting ground-level obstacles in proximity and does not provide reliable detection of aerial obstacles. Our work proposes a device for the safe navigation of visually impaired persons utilizing a non-invasive galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) technique. By delivering a signal (1-1.2mA) delivered behind the ear via electrode pads to the vestibular system, we induce a sensation of steering thereby facilitating navigation. Our proposed device utilizes a combination of Intel’s D435 depth camera and an object detection model, YOLOv5, to identify and process the detection of obstacles within a 3-meter range. Within 0.2 seconds, the object is detected, and the algorithm assesses the situation and sends instructions via User Datagram Protocol (UDP) packets wirelessly to the GVS device. The device receives the packets and steers the subject (human) autonomously. In total, four tests with different scenarios have been conducted, through experimentation, it was found that the system could successfully detect, process, and transmit geospatial information to the GVS module; and steers the user into the correct trajectory to avoid any hazards obstructing the user’s path.
Climate Change: The Effect of Increasing Temperature on Caenorhabditis Elegans
Authors: Kim Lauren , Hanlan Patricia
Published: April 2024

The effect of temperature change on organisms continues to be an area of interest as global temperatures rise.  The Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is a small, transparent nematode that is commonly used as a model organism in biology research due to its short life cycle with distinct phases of life.  The C. elegans wild type N2 strain, Strain A, and Strain B were observed at 22ºC, 22.5ºC, and 23ºC.  The progeny numbers for all three strains at the indicated temperatures were quantified and the embryonic lethality of each was calculated.  An increase in temperature was correlated with an increase in progeny number for Strain A and Strain B while no statistical difference was found in wild type N2.  A decrease in embryonic lethality from the first day of exposure to the new surrounding temperature to the second day was observed for all three strains.  These results suggest that temperature change can have a significant effect on the progeny number and the adaptability of C. elegans to their surroundings and genetic variation can affect an organism’s physiological response.
A Visual Analysis of NewJeans' Surprise Debut
Authors: Kim Grace , Han Jane
Published: April 2024

Visual image analysis can be conducted by assessing an image’s important elements: 1) its organization and placement, 2) style, 3) source, and 4) content. An image’s content, which can include words and numbers, is often used to convey a message. Semiotics is the study of messages communicated through signs. These ideological signs often reinforce the status quo of a culture by promoting images or stories that society has already subscribed to. Such signs are used in marketing a brand, whether it be objects or entertainment groups like NewJeans. NewJeans released a surprise debut music video, through which they conveyed messages to reflect their brand concept. They also released concept photos to reinforce their brand. This research used semiotics and visual analysis to evaluate what messages were conveyed through the music video and concept photos. Understanding the messages can reveal what led NewJeans to effectively establish their brand and gain popularity. While the music video revealed NewJeans’ relatability, the concept photos emphasized their idolization. Together, the music video and concept photos conveyed that NewJeans is an alluring group that should be respected and that audiences should look forward to following as they make their official debut.
Applications of the Spectral Theorem: Utilizing Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors
Authors: Lachut Maxwell , Keigwin Benjamin
Published: April 2024

This paper explores the applications and principles of both the real and complex spectral theorems, cornerstones of linear algebra and functional analysis. We begin with an overview of the spectral theorem and delve into the pivotal roles of eigenvalues and eigenvectors, culminating in a detailed proof of the theorem. A discerning comparison is made between the real and complex versions; notably, the latter seamlessly integrates with the fundamental theorem of algebra, an attribute absent in the former. The ensuing sections illuminate practical applications. The real spectral theorem emerges as instrumental in multivariable calculus, notably in the second derivative test, in data-driven techniques such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and in electrical network analyses via Kirchhoff’s matrix. The complex variant takes center stage in quantum mechanics, illuminating the Schrödinger Equation. This paper underscores the spectral theorem’s profound relevance in diverse theoretical and practical arenas.
The Role of Lack of Integrity as a Moderator of the Fraud Hexagone Influence on Potential Financial Statement Fraud
Authors: Yunisari Anisa , Evana Einde , Metalia Mega
Published: April 2024

This study uses quantitative methods to analyze the potential for financial statement fraud in banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019-2022 period. Secondary data from the annual reports of banking companies were used in the study. Data analysis methods include descriptive statistics and logistic regression. The results of the analysis show that most banking companies are not involved in financial statement fraud. Factors such as financial targets, CEO turnover, ineffective monitoring, and political connections have a significant effect on the potential for fraud. Nagelkerke's coefficient of determination suggests that the independent variable can account for about 54.8% of the variability in financial statement fraud. The significance test partially shows that all independent variables have a significant influence on the potential for financial statement fraud.
Anticipated Transformations and Implications for Human Progress
Authors: Al Jbour Dr. Mohanad , Ghuneim Dr. Raed , Anqour Miss. Maysa
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This research delves into the potential transformation of future education systems as a result of technological advancements. The study emphasizes the role of technology in addressing socioeconomic disparities, promoting inclusivity, and encouraging global collaboration. Its objective is to provide a detailed analysis of how technology can reshape educational paradigms and its wider implications for human advancement.

Materials and Methods: The study involves a thorough assessment of relevant research studies to synthesize the effects of technological disruptions on educational methodologies. The data was gathered through surveys to gain insights and perspectives on the impact of technological disruptions on education. Statistical techniques including ANOVA analysis were used to analyze the data and compare differences between groups. Additionally, data visualization techniques such as bar charts and pie charts were utilized to present key findings and trends in the dataset.

Findings: According to the analysis, technology has a significant impact on education transformation. A majority of 85% respondents agreed that technology can enhance access to education for marginalized populations, while 75% believed that personalized learning technologies can effectively address diverse learning needs. Approximately 68% of participants expressed optimism about the potential of online learning platforms to promote global collaboration and cultural exchange in education.

Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: This research elucidates the potential of technology in education and its transformative impact on both theory and practice. The findings suggest that technological innovations can be leveraged to mitigate socioeconomic disparities, promote inclusivity, and foster global collaboration in education. From a policy perspective, the study highlights the need for investment in technology infrastructure and inclusive educational policies to ensure equitable access to quality education for all learners. The study further provides practical insights for educators to implement technological enhanced teaching and learning strategies to meet the diverse needs of students and prepare them for success in a rapidly changing global landscape.
Badiiy matnning lingvistik ekspertizasi ilmiy muammo sifatida
Authors: Suvanov Zovqiddin
Published: April 2024

Maqolada yangi sho‘roso‘ngi makonining shakllanishi bilan yuzaga kelgan ziddiyatli vaziyatlarni o‘rganishda etnik jamiyatdagi asosiy nazariy yondashuvlar muhokama qilinadi. Bu yondashuvlarning qanday konseptu- al zaif tomonlari yoki, aksincha, evristik imkoniyatlari keskinlikning o‘ziga xos holatlarini o‘rganishda, ba’zida kuch tahdidi yoki zo‘ravonlikdan ochiq foydalanish natijasida etno-siyosiy mojarolar deb nomlanishda o‘z aksini topadi. Bu masala, xususan, etnik kamsitish va yuzaga kelayotgan nizolarni tartibga solish kabi hodisalarni o‘rganish uchun katta metodik ahamiyatga ega. Ekspert tadqiqot usuli esa sud ekspertizasi predmetiga tegishli faktik ma’lumotlarni aniqlash uchun uning obyektlarini o‘rganishda qo‘llanadigan mantiqiy yoki instrumental operatsiyalar tizimidir. Ekspert tadqiqotlari metodikasi – sud ekspertizasi predmetiga tegishli faktik ma’lumotlarni aniqlash uchun uning obyektlarini o‘rganishda qo‘llanadigan usullar tizimi.
Evaluating Public-Private Partnership Dynamics: the Kazakhstan Toll Road Case
Authors: Samoilov Andrey , Narbaev Timur , Castelblanco Gabriel , Mukashev Yerzhan
Published: April 2024

The holistic collaboration between the government and business through public-private partnerships (PPPs) is crucial in developing economies in transition. With the help of the PPP mechanism, emerging economies realize new and maintain existing social and economic infrastructure projects in education, energy, transportation, and healthcare. This lessens the funding burden on the state budget and attracts private investment and expertise into the economy. However, one of the critical tasks is to engage a suitable private partner with whom a long-term relationship can be built for mutual benefit. The most vital issue in establishing and maintaining the PPP collaboration with such a partner is related to the appropriate management of business risks. This study focuses on the success of an infrastructure project for a private partner by analyzing the critical risks inherent in PPP projects. The research uses system dynamics (SD) modeling, which qualitatively and quantitatively determines how each risk affects the project realization. The study examines the largest PPP project in Central Asia, the Big Almaty Ring Road. This toll road project is taken as a case to demonstrate the impact of the most critical risks on the success of the PPP projects. For the simulation, the “hard tolls” form, which is one of the popular payment mechanisms in the global PPP practice, is considered where the private partner bears most of the risks. The findings show the riskiness of such a payment mechanism in implementing toll road projects with existing traffic and tariffs under conditions of uncertainty typical for Kazakhstan and other similar developing countries.
The Correlation Between Interleukin -6 and Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate in Patients with Severe COVID-19
Authors: Alrifai Sinan B. , Mohammed Nadia , Jasem Noor
Published: April 2024

Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated that interleukin-6 (IL-6) and serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels are negatively correlated. Low DHEA-S levels may be associated with severe disease and clinically ailing patients in the context of infectious diseases. Individuals infected with Coronavirus disease who exhibit elevated levels of IL-6 may undergo a cytokine storm, which can result in severe manifestations and a dismal prognosis.
Objectives: To examine the relationship between DHEA-S and Il-6 in patients exhibiting severe manifestations of COVID-19.
Subjects and Methods: A case-control investigation with 79 patients, ranging in age from 36 to 74 years, who were admitted to the hospital due to severe COVID-19 disease. A control group of 72 ostensibly healthy individuals was also included in the study. Using the ELISA method, the concentrations of IL-6 and DHEA-S in the serum of both groups were determined. The statistical analyses involved the application of the Pearson correlation coefficient and the T-test. None of the authors present any conflicts of interest.
Results: With a Pearson correlation coefficient (r) of -0.8349, the study revealed a highly significant negative correlation (P < 0.0001) between the mean IL-6 level (64.369 pg/ml ± 2.6237) and the mean DHEA-S level (1.2728 ng/ml ± 1.7005) in the study group. An exceptionally significant statistical disparity was also identified when IL-6 and DHEA-S levels were compared between the study and control groups.
Conclusions: In severely infected COVID-19 patients inverse correlation between the levels of IL-6 and DHEA-S indicates that DHEA-S deficiency may play a role in cytokine storm formation for these patients.
Assessment of Competencies of Districts’ Surveillance Officers in Iraq
Authors: Mahmood Rafal R. , Al-Safi Aliaa M. , Al-Lami Faris Hasan
Published: April 2024

Background: Assessment of communicable diseases surveillance officers is one of the important aspects of the detection of obstacles that prevent the development of surveillance system, which would certainly affect their control programs.
Objectives:  To assess the Competencies of communicable diseases' surveillance officers in all Iraqi provinces
Subjects and Methods: A cross sectional study from the15th March to 30th September 2019 in which all the communicable diseases' surveillance officers (136) that are employed by Ministry of Health all over Iraq were included. A structured questionnaire developed by the researcher and filled by them. The questionnaire form gathered demographic data, service characteristics and status of competencies including basic epidemiology, biostatistics, surveillance, outbreak investigation, rapid response to health incidence and developing scientific reports.
Results: The response rate was 85.3%, about half of surveillance officers was responsible for less than 10 Primary Health Care Centre. More than half of them (55.3%) were responsible for 1-2 hospitals. Their age ranged between 21 and 62 years and the males constituted more than three quarters (78.4%) of the study sample, Diploma was the highest educational certificate. 15.6% of the sample did not attend any training activity. Cholera has been the most frequently reported incident (53.8%).
Conclusions: The surveillance system in Iraq at district level was operated mainly by low qualified and under-trained health personnel. There is inequity in distribution of workload and training sessions between surveillance officers in health offices, therefore redistribution is recommended. Supporting continuous training programs with increase incentives.
The Effect of COVID-19 Infection on Severity of Acute Pancreatitis: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Al-Jawdah Kamal , Aboodi Furat Abdulhussein , Al Behadili Qasem Abdulzahra , Haroon Muthana
Published: April 2024

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is multisystemic disorder. It uses angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to gain access to human cells. The ACE2 receptor is present on cell types, one of them is pancreatic cell.
This study aimed to assess the impact of COVID 19 infection on severity of acute pancreatitis (AP).
Subjects and Methods: A prospective cohort study that was conducted at a major teaching hospital. The study group included all cases of AP with COVID 19. Medical records of randomly selected fifty cases of AP presented one year before COVID 19 pandemic with matching months of the year were considered as control. A comparison of the effect of COVID 19 on the severity of AP was done by measuring Glasgow and revised Atlanta scores.
Results: 37 cases of COVID 19 patients developed AP in this study. The serum calcium, and albumin were lower, while blood urea, sugar, and Glasgow score all were higher in cases of COVID 19 than control. Follow up, showed that 17 (19.5%) of the cases developed severe pancreatitis, 76.5% of severe cases of AP had COVID 19 on comparison to control. COVID 19 is an independent predictor for severity of AP.
Conclusions: COVID 19 is an independent predictor for severity of AP. More directed care to the cases of COVID 19 with superimposed AP, as they prone to develop severe form. Future studies to examine the effect of COVID 19 antiviral therapy on the severity of AP is recommended.
Rapidly Progressing Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma of Thyroid Gland
Authors: Patnaik Madhusmita , Patnaik Gautam , Swain Jayshree , Kanwar Jayabhanu
Published: April 2024

Primary Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL) of the thyroid gland is a rare disease comprising of 2.5 - 5% of all thyroid malignancies. It has the female preponderance, found mostly in 6th or 7th decade. The most common sub type is diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Ultrasonography of the neck and thyroid gland along with Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) are essential tools for early diagnosis of this disease. The main treatment of choice is chemotherapy following this radiotherapy. The prognosis of the patients mainly depended upon the size and grade of tumor, stage of disease and patient’s age. In this study, we report a case of a 73-year-old women rapidly growing neck mass deteriorated quickly within 10 days. The thyroid gland invades and compresses the trachea led to succumb early.
Radiological Modalities for the Assessment of Fetal Growth Restriction: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Abdulqader Shaymaa , Nori Wassan , Akram Nabeeha , Al-Kinani Mortadha
Published: April 2024

Fetal growth restriction is a significant contributor to fetal morbidity and mortality. In addition, there are heightened maternal risks associated with surgical operations and their accompanying dangers. Monitoring fetal development is a crucial objective of prenatal care and effective methods for early diagnosis of Fetal growth restriction, allowing prompt management and timely intervention to improve the outcomes. Screening for Fetal growth restriction can be achieved via many modalities; it can be medical, biochemical, or radiological. Some recommended combining more than one for better outcomes. Currently, there is inconsistency about the best method of Fetal growth restriction screening.
 
In this review, a comprehensive evaluation of the current radiological methods used for Fetal growth restriction, including serial growth scan, Doppler velocimetry, and biophysical profile is offered.  Limitations, and potential enhancements area were specifically analyzing the effectiveness. Moreover, recently developed experimental radiological techniques were presented and how to integrate them into practice to enhance follow-up performance and results.
Management Modalities of Pancreatic Cancer and Surgical Outcomes of Braun's Anastomosis Addition in Whipple's Procedure: A Single-center Prospective Study
Authors: Omara Mohamed , Youssef Elfatih , Doush Dr.Wael
Published: April 2024

Background: Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy with high mortality rate. Many morbidities associated with Whipple's procedure that endanger patients’ life which need updated surgical techniques to lower these morbidities. The aim of this study is to determine management modalities of pancreatic cancer and surgical outcomes of adding Braun's jejunojejunostomy to Whipple's procedure for reduction of postoperative risks in Sudanese patients to reach excellent surgical practice.
Subjects and Methods: This is a prospective-cohort study conducted during the period between January 2022 and July 2023 at Ibn Sina specialized hospital, Khartoum, Sudan, on sixty-three patients diagnosed with resectable pancreatic cancer. Addition of Braun’s jejunojejunostomy to elective open Whipple’s surgery was performed.
Results: Seventy-three percent of patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer were males with the ratio (3:1). Patients’ distribution according to age ranged between 46 and 60 years representing (41.3%). The significant reported comorbidities that associated with PC were diabetes mellitus (30.2%) and businessmen (39.7%). Most of patients were lived in rural areas (57.1%). Abdominopelvic CT-scan revealed stage (II) of pancreatic cancer in (68.2%) of patients. The predominant morbidity after addition of Braun's jejunojejunostomy was wound infections noticed in (17.5%) of patients. Moreover, other complications were categorized as follows: pulmonary infections in (6.35 %) of cases, postoperative diabetes mellitus in (4.76 %) of cases, entero-cutaneous fistula in (4.76 %) of cases, delayed gastric emptying in (3.17%) of cases, biliary leak in (3.17%) of cases, (3.17%) of cases, pancreatic fistula in one case (1.58%), gastric outlet obstruction in one case (1.58%) and postoperative GIT bleeding in one case (1.58%). Postoperative hospital stay of patients were ranged between 8-15 days for (66.7%) of cases. The mortality rate was zero.
Conclusions: To reduce the rate of lethal surgical morbidities of Whipple's procedure, we recommend addition of Braun's jejunojejunostomy as useful technique. Moreover, it will potentially help in improving the quality of surgical practice and survival outcomes of patients who diagnosed with pancreatic cancer.
Estimating the Second Order Hankel Determinant for the Subclass of Bi-Close-to-Convex Function of Complex Order
Authors: Rehman, H. U. , Mashrafi, K. A. , Salah, J.
Published: April 2024

The article aims to estimate the coefficient bounds for the second Hankel determinant by using the class of bi-close-to-convex functions of a complex order in the open unit disk. Making the direct application of Carathéodory function along with the closely related properties of starlike functions, we obtain the upper bound for the second Hankel determinant via certain subclass of bi-close-to-convex functions of complex order. The study discusses the maximization of the second Hankel determinant in both conventional graph and analytic methods. Moreover, we explore and modify some results on the study of bi-close-to-convex functions and its second degree Hankel determinant. At the end of the article, we remark on improvement in the earlier work of some researchers and discover a better value than the one they obtained.
A New Hybrid Three-Term LS-CD Conjugate Gradient In Solving Unconstrained Optimization Problems
Authors: Ishak M. A. I. , Marjugi S. M.
Published: April 2024

The Conjugate Gradient (CG) method is renowned for its rapid convergence in optimization applications. Over the years, several modifications to CG methods have emerged to improve computational efficiency and tackle practical challenges. This paper presents a new three-term hybrid CG method for solving unconstrained optimization problems. This algorithm utilizes a search direction that combines Liu-Storey (LS) and Conjugate Descent (CD) CG coefficients and standardizes it using a spectral which acts as a scheme for the choices of the conjugate parameters. This resultant direction closely approximates the memoryless Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) quasi-Newton direction, known for its bounded nature and compliance with the sufficient descent condition. The paper establishes the global convergence under standard Wolfe conditions and some appropriate assumptions. Additionally, the numerical experiments were conducted to emphasize the robustness and superior efficiency of this hybrid algorithm in comparison to existing approaches.
Spatial Selection-Based Intelligent N-OFDM Signal Processing in Wireless Communication Systems
Authors: Slusar Vadym , Zinchenko Andrii , Danyk Yuriy , Klymash Mykhailo , Pyrih Yuliia
Published: April 2024

The method of joint processing of pulses and OFDM (N-OFDM) signals is proposed. The corresponding analytical relations for the lower Cramer-Rao boundary on the dispersion of OFDM (N-OFDM) signals amplitude ratings in the presence of sources of pulsed radiation are obtained. Using mathematical modeling properties and limitations of the demodulation method of OFDM (N-OFDM) signals in the background of impulse signals in the integrated radar and telecommunication systems are established. It is determined that the use of the angular distance between the pulsed and OFDM signals sources at a value that is not less than 0.75 widths of the secondary beam of the digital antenna array pattern does not affect the accuracy of the OFDM signal amplitudes. The same applies to the active interferences.