bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proposed durability parameters for reinforced concrete structures with design service life between 50 years and 100 years in Brazil
Authors: Mumberger Francine Barcellos , Tutikian Bernardo Fonseca , Bolina Fabrício Longhi
Published: November 2022

Abstract The main system of a construction is the structure. Its replacement is most of the times unfeasible and its repair or demolition generates waste that is often difficult to recycle, reuse or dispose of. In this way, structures with longer design service life (DSL) will generate lower environmental impacts, in addition to being financially more interesting for their users. Reinforced concrete is one of the most used types of structure, and commonly suffers with attacks of chloride ions and carbon dioxide that can facilitate the corrosion of the reinforcement. Concrete structures also suffer effects from the passage of time, as probability of accidental load increase, creep and shrinkage. The objective of this study was to determine durability and time effect parameters for DSLs between 50 and 100 years. The durability study was conducted through a review of reference studies, a selection of DSL models based on characteristic forms of environmental aggressiveness and comparison with international standards, using DSLs between 50 and 100 years and the following parameters: w/c ratio, compression strength, minimum cement usage and minimum cover. The time effect study considered Brazilian standards and their probability for accidental loads, creep, shrinkage and variations of the compressive strength, using DSLs between 50 and 100 years. The durability results were compiled in a table with practical recommended dimensional parameters. Despite some proposed parameters being higher or lower than standard values, the differences in performance were accounted through other parameters in order to maintain safety levels and to obtain minimum cover thicknesses. Variable vertical loads presented increments of 4.29% for 75 years and 7.22% for 100 years and wind velocity demonstrated a variation of 5.08% increase at 75 years and 9.84% at 100 years. Compression strength of concrete, creep coefficient and specific shrinkage deformation did not present significant variations. FBM: conceptualization, formal analysis, methodology, writing; BFT e FLB: data curation, formal analysis.
A GARANTIA DO DIREITO À EDUCAÇÃO: PERSPECTIVAS DE ENFRENTAMENTO ÀS CAUSAS DA EVASÃO NA EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR DOS INSTITUTOS FEDERAIS
Authors: Garcia Débora Rogéria Neres de Souza , Maciel Carina Elisabeth , Otranto Celia Regina
Published: November 2022

Esse artigo tem o objetivo de analisar as causas da evasão na educação superior dos Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia (IFs). Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental e bibliográfica que analisa o direito à educação, relacionando-o com índices e causas da evasão. As análises apresentam dados e motivos da evasão na educação superior dos institutos federais e identifica ações e políticas institucionais que tendem a favorecer a permanência estudantil e garantir o direito à educação pública, gratuita, democrática e de qualidade socialmente referenciada. O relatório da Plataforma Nilo Peçanha (PNP) de 2019 apontou que em 2018, em nível nacional, o índice de evasão nos IFs teve as seguintes taxas: cursos tecnológicos 18,2%, licenciaturas 16,6% e bacharelados 10,6%. Com base nos estudos, consideramos que analisar os determinantes da evasão na educação superior possibilita a compreensão das problemáticas que se apresentam nesse processo, assim como a identificação de políticas e ações que diminuam as causas da evasão e contribuam para a democratização e permanência nas instituições públicas de educação superior.
SULFONIC ACID POLYIMIDES AND THEIR SALTS: PROPERTIES OF THEIR PARTICLES IN SOLUTION AND SUSPENSION
Authors: Kelbysheva Elena , Danilin Alexander N. , Gorodov Vadim , Kuchkina Irina , Semenov Nikolay
Published: November 2022

A high-temperature one-step synthesis resulted in two new polymers PI-I and PI-II (polyimides), which have functional groups as SO3H and SO3Na in their chain. Their molecular-mass molecular characterization revealed that PIs are polydisperse systems, and show thermal stability up to 400°C. The dynamic characteristics of polyimide particles in polar and nonpolar media were studied. The particle size of PI-I is significantly affected by the polarity of the medium. Due to intermolecular interactions associated with the free proton, the average particles diameters in dimethylformamide (DMF) was 10 μm, while in polymethylsiloxane (PMS-5) it was 1.4 μm. The size particles of PI-II in different media were 246 and 606 nm. Viscoelastic and mechanical properties of polymer systems were studied using microrheology and classical rheology. Hysteresis loss coefficients (κ) at various temperatures (T) were relatively small and stable for PI-I at T < 60°C with insignificant changes at increasing frequency. PI-II coefficient changes markedly but smoothly as a function of ω (angular frequency) at T < 60°C. With increasing temperature, the values of κ are almost independent of ω, taking quite large values compared to the corresponding values for the PI-I. It was determined that the temperature increases the interaction between the particles of the dispersed phase in the electric field. And the decrease in the viscosity of the suspension is due to a decrease in the viscosity of the medium. The electrorheological effect is most pronounced for the PI-I suspension.
Calculating geodesics:
Authors: Ramírez Natalia , Pérez Triana Camilo Andrés , Vacca González Harold
Published: November 2022

Introducción: El artículo es producto de la investigación “Conexiones sobre Geometría Semi-Riemanniana y Coeficientes de Christoffel – Hacia el estudio del cálculo computacional de geodésicas”, desarrollada en la Institución Universitaria Pascual Bravo en el año 2021. Problema: Basado en soluciones de las ecuaciones de Euler-Lagrange, es posible el cálculo explícito de geodésicas en ciertas variedades. Sin embargo, hay varios casos en los que es imposible seguir calculando analíticamente y tenemos que recurrir a un cálculo numérico. En este sentido, surgen inesperadamente varias características geométricas y dinámicas de las geodésicas.Objetivo: El objetivo de la investigación es calcular geodésicas de una variedad riemanniana o semirriemanniana utilizando como software SageMath para ir más fácilmente más allá de lo que proporciona la intuición. Metodología: Primero, se presentan algunos ejemplos simples de caracterizaciones de geodésicas en ciertas variedades, basados ​​en soluciones de las ecuaciones de Euler-Lagrange. Luego, se selecciona un elipsoide como sujeto de prueba con el que calcular numéricamente las geodésicas, observando cómo cambia dependiendo de si se define dentro de un sistema de coordenadas Esférico, Triaxial o Mercator.Resultados: Con la flexibilidad de un software como SageMath, se posibilitó la expresión explícita de las ecuaciones diferenciales y, a partir de las soluciones numéricas de estas ecuaciones, sus correspondientes simulaciones en función de los parámetros seleccionados. Conclusión: Estas simulaciones confirman que los grandes círculos no son las únicas geodésicas existentes en el elipsoide, sino que existen muchos otros tipos de curvas geodésicas, algunas de las cuales pueden ser curvas densas en la superficie y otras pueden ser curvas cerradas. Al mismo tiempo, esto muestra una relación entre la existencia de ciertos tipos de curvas geodésicas y la parametrización de la superficie.
Lockdown by Press Conference? COVID-19 and the Rule of Law in New Zealand and Austria
Authors: Upperton Theresa , Buocz Thomas , Nemeth Magdalena , Eisenberger Iris
Published: November 2022

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the New Zealand and Austrian governments both imposed lockdowns in early 2020. This paper compares how these two responses were effected, communicated, and challenged. In both New Zealand and Austria, government communications misrepresented the extent of the lockdown, communicating measures more stringent than those legally in place. This divide between law and communications raised concerns for the rule of law, as citizens struggled to understand their legal obligations. In New Zealand, government communications were subjected to effect-based judicial review. In Austria, where the judicial review system has a stronger focus on the form of state action, government communications were not reviewed. The paper finds that the Austrian courts could have provided a similar remedy to that in New Zealand, but only through a novel and contentious approach. Preferably, the legislator should expressly bring crisis (mis)communication into the scope of Austrian judicial review.
Luto antecipatório: implicações e percepções culturais
Authors: Cemin Tania Maria , Einsfeld Pâmela
Published: November 2022

INTRODUÇÃO: A elaboração de um luto antecipatório pode ser determinada por diferentes variáveis, sendo manifestada e vivenciada de forma única para cada indivíduo. Há fatores pessoais, sociais e culturais envolvidos no processo de elaboração de uma perda. OBJETIVO: Identificar possíveis implicações em um luto antecipatório, frente às diferentes percepções da morte. MÉTODO: Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo, de cunho exploratório e interpretativo. Como forma de ilustrar e discutir aspectos teóricos, selecionou-se recortes de cenas do filme Pronta para amar, os quais foram agrupados em categorias que envolvem: o contexto em que a personagem estava inserida no período anterior ao adoecimento; manifestações apresentadas por ela durante a elaboração de sua morte; o processo de aceitação; e as diferentes percepções das pessoas do seu convívio acerca da aproximação da sua morte. RESULTADOS: A partir da estratégia de emparelhamento, relacionou-se as categorias propostas com aspectos teóricos, enfatizando possíveis implicações de um luto antecipatório, frente às percepções que se manifestam. Considera-se que a elaboração de um luto será efetivada, então, principalmente a partir das variáveis envolvidas no processo de morte, vínculo e características individuais do enlutado, não apresentando um padrão para sua resolução. CONCLUSÃO: Da mesma forma, o luto antecipatório é multideterminado, podendo apresentar benefícios ou não ao enlutado, a partir dos recursos que este dispõe.
Comparison of measured LDL cholesterol with calculated LDL-cholesterol using the Friedewald and Martin-Hopkins formulae in diabetic adults at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital/NHLS Laboratory v1
Authors: Dintshi Mogomotsi
Published: November 2022

Background National Cholesterol Education Programme Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) and the European Society of Cardiology recommends using low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) as a treatment target for cholesterol lowering therapy. The Friedewald formula underestimate LDL-C in non-fasted and hypertriglyceridemia patients. This study aimed to compare measured LDL-C to calculated LDL-C in diabetic patients using the Friedewald and Martin-Hopkins formulae. Methods The data of 1 247 adult diabetes patients were retrospectively evaluated, and included triglycerides (TG), LDL-C, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol that were measured on the Roche Cobas® c702. Passing-Bablok regression analysis was used to determine the degree of agreement between measured LDL-C and calculated LDL-C using both formulae. The Bland-Altman plots were used to assess the bias at medical decision limits based on the 2021 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice. Results Both formulae showed a good linear relationship against measured LDL-C. However, the Martin-Hopkins formula outperformed the Friedewald formula at LDL-C treatment target <1.4mmol/L. The Friedewald formula and the Martin-Hopkins formula had 14.9% and 10.9% mean positive bias, respectively. At TG-C ≥1.7 mmol/L, the Martin-Hopkins formula had a lower mean positive bias of 4.2 % (95 % CI 3.0-5.5) compared to the Friedewald formula, which had a mean positive bias of 21.8 % (95 % CI 19.9-23), which was higher than the NCEP ATP III recommended total allowable limit of 12%. Conclusion The Martin-Hopkins formula performed better than the Friedewald formula at LDL-C of 1.4 mmol/L and showed the least positive bias in patients with hypertriglyceridemia.
A Software-Implemented Model of a Device for Monitoring the Parameters of an Automatic Gearbox of a Car
Authors:   MIREA — Russian Technological University, Moscow, 119454, Russian Federation, Zuev S. M. , Varlamov D. O. ,   Moscow Polytechnic University, Moscow, 432700, Russian Federation, Akramov U. I. ,   Moscow Polytechnic University, Moscow, 432700, Russian Federation, Kuksa V. V. ,   Moscow Polytechnic University, Moscow, 432700, Russian Federation
Published: November 2022

The paper presents a description of a device for monitoring the parameters of an automatic transmission of a car, which allows you to monitor in real time such parameters as the temperature of the automatic transmission oil, the rotational speed of the shafts, the serviceability of both the pressure sensors themselves and the valves that are responsible for the increase in pressure and keeping it within the required limits to activate certain pressure sensors. This device, due to its simplicity, has a wide range of applications, both in car service and in production. In addition, the device allows you to determine the cause of the automatic transmission malfunction at an early stage and prevent costly repairs.
A Generational Divide? Coping With Ethnic Prejudice and Inequality Among Romanian Roma Transnational Returnees
Authors: Anghel Remus Gabriel , Fosztó László
Published: November 2022

Roma people are likely Europe’s most discriminated and marginalized minority. In the past years, increasing attention has been paid to their migration to Western Europe and their limited social mobility in their countries of destination. Our article focuses on the “post‐return” experiences of Roma and the changes generated by return migration in their communities of origin, a topic largely neglected so far. We build on recent debates around post‐return positionality, asking how adult and old Roma returnees experience return. We thus contribute to the growing literature on return migration and lifecourse that distinguishes between the return migration of children and youth, that of adults, and that of older migrants. Focusing on Roma returnees, we employ an understanding of migration not just as a means of generating resources, but also as a learning process where the Roma population acquires new ideas and a sense of agency and dignity. Informed by long‐term fieldwork in ethnically mixed localities in Romania (including participant observation and 76 semi‐structured interviews), we inquire into the ethnic relations and negotiations between Roma and non‐Roma populations. Migration results in a weakening of the economic dependency of the Roma on the non‐Roma. In this new context, which is still marred by ethnic prejudice and inequality, we analysed how local interethnic relations were reshaped by the returned Roma’s new consumption practices, new modes of communication, and new claims for equality. While adult Roma tend to demand equality and decent treatment, setting in motion a process of ethnic change, older returned Roma tend to maintain more submissive practices.
Geography Matters: Explaining Education Inequalities of Latvian Children in England
Authors: Cara Olga
Published: November 2022

This article explores the issue of “geography of education” focusing on the pivotal contribution of place to one’s education. The geographic location of schools and the administrative organisation of local authorities that are responsible for state schools in England create sociospatial inequalities that are associated with individual life‐course trajectories and can contribute to the intergenerational transfer of disadvantage. This article focuses on Latvian migrant families for whom better status often can be achieved through being included in the education system of the country. Therefore, the educational achievement of the children who speak Latvian at home but live and attend schools in England is the main focus of this article. The academic attainment of these children is well below not only the national average across all levels of compulsory education but also compared to both monolingual English speakers and all pupils speaking English as an additional language. The article provides evidence that in addition to the sociodemographic individual and family‐level factors geography also plays a significant role in explaining the educational achievement gaps. As the descriptive quantitative analysis of the geographical and educational data indicates, Latvian children are disproportionally present in local authorities where there is a relatively high proportion of low‐quality schools, a higher‐than‐average proportion of individuals with low qualifications and those in low‐qualified jobs.
The Changing Role of Student Housing as Social Infrastructure
Authors: Franz Yvonne , Gruber Elisabeth
Published: November 2022

The role of student housing within social infrastructure provision is arguably overlooked. This is a vital issue, as purpose-built student accommodation provides a significant stock of affordable accommodation for students in European university cities while also supporting their social integration in the urban environment. Although an increasing involvement of for-profit student home developers and providers has been diversifying the landscape of student housing across European university cities in the last decade, this change has been mainly associated with the internationalisation of students’ mobility and the financialisation processes driven by private investors. Subsequently, this article expands these supply and demand side perspectives by localising student housing as social infrastructure. Using Vienna as a case study, the authors mapped purpose-built student accommodation locations and conducted qualitative interviews to analyse recent changes in the provision of student housing and to discuss its implications for the social dimension of purpose-built student accommodation. Accordingly, the respective analysis identifies different logics of student housing providers concerning expansion plans and housing quality, which, in turn, affect the function of student housing as social infrastructure. As a result, this article emphasises the need to critically reflect on the overlooked role of student housing as social infrastructure and the role of public actors as well as their policies in the financialisation of purpose-built student accommodation.
Advanced EEG Signal Based Min to Mean Algorithm Approach For Human Emotion Taxonomy And Mental State Analysis
Authors: Kimmatkar Nisha Vishnnupant , Babu B. Vijaya
Published: November 2022

With electroencephalography (EEG) brain waves alone, it is full-scale phenomena in the field of computer-brain interface DNN, CNN, and SVM have improved detection and prediction accuracy in a number of researches during the last several years. But when it comes to recognizing global reliance, both deep learning and SVM have obvious limits. Pre-processing, extraction capabilities, and network design are the most common techniques used in deep learning models today, yet they are still unable to produce reliable results in noisy and sparse datasets. Any dataset, no matter how little or large, may suffer from poor SVM performance due to overlapping target instructions and boundaries. There are many different sorts of emotions that may be classified using the particular approach employed in this research. In order to get a whole picture of a person's mental state, it is best to use a "Min of mean” proposed technique. After comparison to the referential mean, a feeling is divided into one of four emotional quadrants. The MIN Max range is used to further split the emotion into 12 subcategories based on the amount of arousal. The proposed set of rules performed better than existing methods. Research on multi-class emotion reputation has shown that, compared to more recent studies, the proposed technique may be rather strong. It is possible to analyze a person's mental health by using the emotional spectrum, which has an accuracy rate of above 90%.
Secure Communication Model for Dynamic Task Offloading in Multi-Cloud Environment
Authors: Usharani Chava , Krishna P. Venkata , Akki Praveena , Saritha V. , J Gitanjali
Published: November 2022

As the data is increasing day-by-day, the mobile device storage space is not sufficient to store the complete information and also the computation capacity also is a limited resource which is not sufficient for performing all the required computations. Hence, cloud computing technology is used to overcome these limitations of the mobile device. But security is the main concern in the cloud server. Hence, secure communication model for dynamic task offloading in multi-cloud environment is proposed in this paper. Cloudlet also is used in this model. Triple DES with 2 keys is used during the communication process between the mobile device and cloudlet. Triple DES with 3 keys is used by the cloudlet while offloading the data to cloud server. AES is used by the mobile device while offloading the data to the cloud server. Computation time, communication time, average running time, and energy consumed by the mobile device are the parameters which are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed system, SCM_DTO. The performance of the proposed system, SCM_DTO is compared with ECDH-SAHE and is proved to be performing better.
Stress-induced myocardial infarction in young women: сlinical observation
Authors: Irkabaeva M. M. , Zhuravleva A. S. , Kurnikova I. A. , Malyutina N. N. , Avdoshina S. V. , Polikarpova T. S. , Kobelevskaya N. V. , Bychkovа L. V.
Published: November 2022

The article presents a clinical observation of first appeared non-ST elevation myocardial infarction in a 43-year-old young woman with three risk factors: chronic stress, smoking, dyslipidemia. Significant stenosis of the LAD (left anterior descending artery) was diagnosed and surgical intervention was performed: plasty and stenting of the LAD.
Reference notes for operating surgeons from classical positions and research methods of academician V.N. Shevkunenko (1872–1952) school based on new data regarding typical anatomy of the neck
Authors: Romashchenko P. N. , Maleev Yu. V. , Fomin N. F. , Vshivtsev D. O. , Krivolapov D. S. , Chernykh A. V. , Golovanov D. N. , Malyukov N. A.
Published: November 2022

Objective. To reflect new information on the typical anatomy of the neck in brief notes for endocrine surgeons from the classical positions and research methods of the school of Academician V.N. Shevkunenko.
Materials and methods. The design of the study (from 1994 to the present day) consisted of three main directions. While developing an optimal technique of cervical somatometry, 775 healthy individuals (300/38.7 % men, 475/61.3 % women) were examined. The topographo-anatomical block 426 unfixed corpses of persons who died suddenly (290/68 % men, 136/32 % women). Section, dissection, plastination, morphometry, anthropometry, standard histological technique were used. The clinical part of the study included 214 patients (28/13.1 % men, 186/86.9 % women).
Results. The article presents the data of analysis and systematization of accumulated data on the typical anatomy of the neck in the form of a brief abstract for operating surgeons from the classical positions of topographic anatomists of Voronezh and St. Petersburg schools of Academician V.N. Shevkunenko.
Conclusions. The revealed new typical features of the shape, sizes, structure and position of the thyroid gland (presence or absence of the pyramidal lobe, retrothyroid processes, Zuckerkandl's tubercle), its blood supply, basic and additional guidelines for the search and visualization of the parathyroid glands and recurrent laryngeal nerve during surgery and preoperative diagnosis, the concept of high-risk areas of surgical actions, the features of the bilateral symmetrical and/or asymmetric arrangement and structure of the anatomical formations of the neck can be used during the surgery, widely introduced into the educational process of students, residents, postgraduate courses and for improving the skills of endocrine surgeons during master classes.
Hormone-inactive adrenal tumors in clinician’s practice
Authors: Chzhen T. R. , Kiseleva T. P.
Published: November 2022

Objective. To study the clinical picture, malignancy potential of hormone-inactive adrenal tumors (HIAT) by the results of computed tomography (CT) to identify the most significant clinical and diagnostic signs.
Materials and methods. Case histories of 65 patients operated for HIAT (group 1) and 52 ambulatory records of HIAT patients (group 2) observed in the polyclinic were retrospectively studied. All patients underwent survey, antropometry, biochemical blood analysis, adrenal hormone level, CT of adrenal glands.
Results. The operated patients in 81.6 % of cases were under sixty, nonoperated in 73 % of cases over sixty. The size of tumor in patients of group 1 in 84.7 % exceeded 4 cm, in group 2 in 98.1 % was less than 4 cm. HIAT size, CT-density in NF were significantly lower (р = 0,000 and р = 0,000, respectively), but the level of morning cortisol, observation period and age were significantly higher in the group of nonoperated patients. (р = 0,013, р = 0,000 and р = 0,000, respectively). According to the results of comparative analysis of the clinical manifestations of the autonomous cortisol secretion (arterial hypertension, obesity) in the groups of nonoperated and operated patients with HIAT, statistically significant differences were established (р = 0,000, р = 0,002 respectively). In group 1, stage 2 AH was diagnosed more often and obesity rarely. No statistically significant differences were detected in the analysis of carbohydrate metabolism disorders, osteoporosis, dyslipidemia (р = 0,531, р р = 0,322, р = 0,105). Correlation analysis of HIAT size with the period of dynamic observation and CT-density in NF showed a negative notable (р = -0,606, р = 0,000) and a positive moderate (р = 0,391, р = 0,036) (respectively) tightness of links by Chaddock scale. In case of a 1 cm increase in HIAT size, CT-density in NF is expected to rise by 1,857 HU.
Conclusions. 1. To determine the indications to adrenalectomy, it is necessary to take into account the size and native density of the adrenal tumor by the results of computed tomography as well as clinical and laboratory data. With the values of HIAT size 4.0 cm in combination with CT-density in NF 12 HU, adrenalectomy is recommended. 2. In case of a 1 cm increase in HIAT size, rise in CT-density by 1,857 HU is expected. It is worthwhile to control CT-phenotype of HIAT in nonoperated ambulatory patients to determine the malignancy potential of HIAT and up-to-date surgical treatment.
Modern opportunities and problematic aspects of diagnostics and treatment of patients with neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Lysanyuk M. V. , Romashchenko P. N. , Maistrenko N. A.
Published: November 2022

Objective. To study modern diagnostic capabilities and identify available ways to improve the results of treatment of patients with NET of the digestive organs. Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) are neoplasms difficult to diagnose and treat, which are localized mainly in the digestive tract.
Materials and methods. The results of observation of 325 patients with NET were studied: gastrointestinal tract in 189 (58.1 %) persons, pancreas in 125 (38.5 %), without established localization in 11 (3.4 %). NET of various malignancy prevailed 92.3 %. Laboratory diagnostics included tumor markers (CGA, serotonin, 5-HIAA, etc.), instrumental endoscopic (FGS, FCS), radiation (US, CT, MRI), radioisotope (PET-CT with 18-FDG, 68-Ga-peptides) and morphological (histology, immunohistochemistry) research.
Results. Nonspecific symptoms were noted in 3848 % of patients, asymptomatic course in 2025 %. The sensitivity of CGA was 54 %, serotonin and 5- HIAA depended on the presence of carcinoid syndrome and the prevalence of the tumor. Multiphase CT is the main method of diagnosis of small intestinal NET, which allows you to differentiate pancreatic NET by the degree of malignancy. The surgical intervention provides the best results in the treatment of patients with non-metastatic NET, but in case of generalized tumors, its combination with antitumor therapy prolongs the duration of life in patients by 2 times.
Conclusions. Personalized therapeutic and diagnostic tactics, taking into account the clinical and morphological features of NET, ensures optimal detection and treatment, improves survival and quality of life among patients.
Reactivation of chronic brucellosis infection after COVID-19 (case report)
Authors: Khaidarova Yulduz M. , Lesnyak Olga M. , Kurmanova Gaukhar M. , Kulembaeva Anarkul B.
Published: November 2022

It has been proven that the SARS-CoV-2 virus, interacting with persistent latent pathogens in the human body, including those living in the ecosystems of the intestine, mouth and lungs, causes dysregulation of the immune system and can contribute to the reactivation of these pathogens. The authors of the article suggested this pathogenic virus can play the role of a superantigen and trigger the phenomenon of polyclonal activation of lymphocytes, due to which various clones of lymphocytes may be activated, thereby giving impetus to the reactivation of a chronic persistent infection. This article describes a clinical case of a patient who had previously undergone an effectively treated form of chronic brucellosis in history, with signs of reactivation of brucellosis infection detected after infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, confirmed by clinical laboratory and instrumental studies.
Features of clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of COVID-19 coronavirus infection in children
Authors: Melnikova Irina Yu.
Published: November 2022

Worldwide spread of COVID-19 coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2 also affected the child population. Now, a sufficient number of studies have been described in adult patients, and only limited data are available with an analysis of the clinical course of the disease in pediatric patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Currently, SARS-CoV-2 has spread around the world as a variant of omicron. The article is a lecture on the features of the clinical picture, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of coronavirus infection in children, taking into account the latest domestic and foreign articles.
The purpose of the lecture is to improve the knowledge of family doctors and pediatricians in the study of clinical features, course, diagnosis, therapy, prevention, and long-term consequences of a coronavirus infection. The lecture presents the etiology and epidemiology of coronavirus infection. The clinical picture of the omicron strain is described. The assessment of the clinical picture of the disease is presented based on the working criteria of the severity of the disease. The diagnosis of coronavirus infection is presented in detail. The algorithm for treating children with coronavirus infection is presented according to the latest recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The emphasis is on prevention and elimination of dehydration. Vaccine prophylaxis during the pandemic is considered.
Issues of the management of geriatric patients with valvular heart disease
Authors: Frolova Elena V. , Pankratova Olga Yu.
Published: November 2022

The present article describes a clinical case as an example of compiled treatment of a geriatric comorbid patient with aortic stenosis. The case mentioned in this article enhances and underlines the meaning of multidisciplinary approach in the treatment of such patients according to the contemporary and actual standpoints of geriatrics. Elderly patients are often reported to have comorbidities including valvular heart diseases which might be regarded as one of the most significant reasons for functional activity decrease and lower quality of life of an elderly patient. Meanwhile, it is necessary to admit that functional resources of some patients are very high. It must be taken into consideration when choosing the disease management.
A family case of giardiasis manifested as allergic urticaria in the joint practice of a family doctor and a pediatrician
Authors: Mokhika Estepa Maria O. , Vasilenko Irina A. , Moiseeva Irina E.
Published: November 2022

To date, giardiasis remains an urgent disease in the practice of family doctors, internists and pediatricians. Family cases of giardiasis are quite common. If one case of giardiasis is detected in the family, it is necessary to examine all family members. Currently, giardiasis remains relevant, especially in pediatrics. The difficulty of detecting giardiasis in children is primarily due to the fact that its manifestations are often disguised as various clinical variants of gastroenterological pathology (functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, syndrome of excessive growth of microflora in the small intestine, malabsorption syndrome) and often occur with the clinic of allergic diseases recurrent urticaria, atopic dermatitis, gastrointestinal forms of food allergies and others forms.
The article presents a clinical case of familial giardiasis, in which the primary diagnosis of the disease in a child caused the greatest difficulty due to its allergic manifestations by the type of severe urticaria in the presence of possible allergens at home, which led to a long diagnosis and two emergency hospitalizations in childrens hospitals, where despite the examination and treatment, the correct diagnosis was not suspected timely. Differential diagnosis at the first stages of patient management was carried out between allergic urticaria, infectious mononucleosis and streptococcal infection, the possibility of giardiasis was not considered. Difficulties in diagnosis led to the appointment of systemic glucocorticosteroids and unjustified antibacterial therapy. Indirectly, prolonged diagnosis and untimely start of treatment led to a decrease in motivation for examination and treatment of the patients parents due to distrust of doctors.
Hardware, software and organizational means of protecting information system resources from unauthorized access by SQL injections
Authors: Газизов А.Р.
Published: November 2022

Рассматриваются аппаратно-программные и организационные средства защиты ресурсов информационной системы персональных данных от несанкционированного доступа путем SQL-инъекций. В соответствии с Федеральным законом от 27 июля 2006 года № 152-ФЗ «О персональных данных» под информационной системой персональных данных (далее – ИСПДн) будем понимать совокупность содержащихся в базах данных персональных данных и обеспечивающих их обработку информационных технологий и технических средств. Анализ безопасности ресурсов ИСПДн относительно несанкционированного доступа к данным (далее – НСД) путем SQL-инъекций включает пять условных этапов: сбор информации в ИСПДн, сканирование ИСПДн, получение доступа к ИСПДн, закрепление в ИСПДн, формирование отчета; при этом анализ безопасности всегда сопряжен с НСД. Для предотвращения НСД от SQL-инъекций предлагаются следующие программно-аппаратные решения, позволяющие минимизировать последствия несанкционированного воздействия на ИСПДн: брандмауэр web-приложений для фильтрации вредоносных данных; регулярные обновления и исправления; минимизация использования привилегий уровня администратора; минимизация открытой информации об архитектуре баз данных (далее – БД) ИСПДн из сообщений об ошибках; непрерывный мониторинг операторов SQL-инъекций из приложений, подключенных к БД.

The article discusses hardware, software and organizational means of protecting the resources of the personal data information system from unauthorized access by SQL injections. The use of cloud storage as a place to store information implies a number of In accordance with Federal Law No. 152-FZ of July 27, 2006 “On Personal Data”, the personal Data Information System (ISPDn) will be understood as a set of personal data contained in databases and information technologies and technical means that ensure their processing. The analysis of the security of ISPDn resources with respect to NSD by SQL injection includes five conditional stages: collecting information in ISPDn, scanning ISPDn, gaining access to ISPDn, fixing in ISPDn, generating a report; at the same time, security analysis is always associated with unauthorized access to data. To prevent NSD from SQL injections, the following hardware and software solutions are proposed to minimize the consequences of unauthorized exposure to ISPDn: a firewall of web applications for filtering malicious data; regular updates and corrections; minimizing the use of administrator-level privileges; minimizing open information about the architecture of the ISPDn database from error messages; continuous monitoring of SQL statements-injections from applications connected to the database.
Особенности влияния углеродных нанотрубок и нановолокон на электрохимические характеристики композитных электродов для электрохимических конденсаторов
Authors: Абейкун Н.С. , Супиева Ж.А. , Аяганов Ж.Е. , Павленко В.В. , Мансуров З.А. , Захидов А.А. , Суровикин Ю.В.
Published: November 2022

В данной работе было исследовано влияние различных проводящих агентов на электрохимические характеристики электродов для суперконденсаторов с водным электролитом. Активированный уголь с высокой удельной поверхностью, полученный путем химической активации карбонизированной рисовой шелухи, использовался в качестве активного материала композитных электродов. Были испытаны различные проводящие агенты, представленные углеродными нановолокнами на основе полиакрилонитрила (ПАН), многослойными углеродными нанотрубками и коммерческой ацетиленовой сажей (Timcal SUPER C65). Электрохимические исследования проводили методом циклической вольтамперометрии. Наиболее эффективное снижение сопротивления электрода, а также высокие показатели эффективности при разных скоростях развертки были достигнуты при использовании в качестве проводящей добавкимногостенных углеродных нанотрубок (МУНТ). Наше исследование показывает, что использование электродных композитов, состоящих из активированного угля, полученного из доступного прекурсора биомассы, в сочетании с проводящей добавкой на основе углеродных нанотрубок, приводит к повышению производительности систем накопления энергии, в частности электрохимических конденсаторов.
Плазменная газификация угля в различных средах
Authors: Мессерле В.Е. , Умбеткалиев К.А. , Устименко А.Б.
Published: November 2022

Выполнены численные эксперименты по плазменной газификации угля в различных газифицирующих агентах (воздух, диоксид углерода, пар, кислород и смеси пара с воздухом, пара с кислородом, пара с диоксидом углерода) с использованием кинетической программы Plasma-Coal. Численные эксперименты проводились применительно к проточному цилиндрическому плазменному газификатору с совмещенной зоной выделения и поглощения тепла в процессе термохимических превращений угля в газифицирующих агентах. В плазменном газификаторе смесь угольной пыли и газа-окислителя подается в электродуговую зону, в которой осуществляются нагрев газифицирующего агента, угольных частиц и их газификация. Расчеты показали, что максимальная концентрация синтез-газа в продуктах газификации каменного угля Powder River Basin наблюдается при паро-углекислотной, углекислотной, паровой, паро-кислородной и кислородной газификации. При этом максимальный выход водорода (51,4%) достигается при паровой газификации угля. Энергетическая эффективность рассмотренных процессов газификации угля, за исключением кислородной и паро-кислородной газификации, изменяется в сравнительно узком интервале значений 1,6-2,5 кВт/кВт. При паро-кислородной и кислородной газификации угля энергетическая эффективность заметно возрастает до 3,5 и 11,4 кВт/кВт соответственно. Очень важным для снижения выбросов основного парникового газа (CO2) является возможность его использования в качестве газифицирующего агента в процессах паро-углекислотной и углекислотной газификации угля при энергетической эффективности процесса, превышающей таковую для воздушной газификации угля.
Исследование влияния адгезионных добавок на физико-химические свойства дорожного битума
Authors: Салахов Р.Х. , Телтаев Б.Б. , Ельшибаев А.О. , Нугманова А.У. , Кетегенов Т.А. , Кенжегалиева А.P.
Published: November 2022

В настоящей работе представлены результаты экспериментального исследования физико-химических характеристик битума марки БНД 100/130 с использованием адгезионных добавок («Wetfix Be», Амдор-9, AlfaDob) и проведен сопоставительный анализ битумного вяжущего без добавки и с применением адгезионных добавок. Кроме этого были найдены изменения величин пенетрации при температуре 25 °С, вязкость битума при 0 °С, температура хрупкости по Фраасу, температура размягчения по КИШ (кольцо и шар), способностью битума к растяжению (дуктильность). Определена устойчивость битума к старению после прогрева по изменению температуры размягчения, изменению массы (%), остаточной пенетрации при 25 °С (%), изменению абсолютных значений температуры хрупкости. По результатам исследований сделаны выводы по подбору поверхностно-активных веществ улучшающих физико-химические свойства битумного вяжущего. Практическая ценность работы заключается в получении адгезионной добавки с оптимальным  процентным составом удовлетворяющим требованиям битумного вяжущего для использования в дорожном строительстве  автомобильных дорог РК.
Bioprospection of plant extracts from the Caatinga for the control of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Sá Daniele Alves de , Silva Juliane Nogueira da , Silva Maria Amélia de Oliveira , Souza Almir Rogerio Evangelista de
Published: November 2022

The objective was to evaluate the insecticidal effect of extracts of Ziziphus joazeiro Mart., Croton sonderianus and Amburana cearenses on the hatchability of eggs of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The extracts of the three plant species were produced at concentrations of 5%, 10% and 15%, and distilled water as a control. For each concentration, paper towel discs containing 30 eggs were immersed for 30 seconds and then left to dry, being placed in plastic pots. Each treatment consisted of four replicates containing 30 eggs each. After 24 hours of exposure to the extracts, daily readings were taken for eight days, considering that eggs not hatched after this period were not viable. During the analysis of the ovicidal effect of plant extracts on the embryonic development of S. frugiperda eggs, the hatching rate and efficiency rate of the extracts were verified. We can conclude that the hydroalcoholic extracts of C. sonderianus, Z. joazeiro and A. cearenses were efficient in inhibiting the hatchability of S. frugiperda larvae at doses of 10 and 15% of the plant structures, proving that the extracts of these plant species can be used in the reduced hatchability of eggs.
Uso de água cinza tratada na irrigação de frutícola no semiárido
Authors: Franca Carlos Laécio Evangelista , Amorim Miriam Cleide Cavalcante de , Olszevski Nelci , Belém Clérison dos Santos
Published: November 2022

A busca por processos ambientais sustentáveis é primordial para o mundo e, em regiões semiáridas onde os recursos de água doce são escassos, a busca por alternativas não convencionais de uso da água deve ser intensificada. Assim, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar, sob os aspectos legais de reuso agrícola e de alterações da qualidade do solo, o uso de água cinza tratada como fonte hídrica para plantas aceroleiras cultivadas no semiárido brasileiro. O estudo foi realizado na zona rural de Juazeiro, Bahia com água cinza tratada oriunda de biofiltro familiar adaptado, composto por camadas de serragem, areia grossa, brita e seixo rolado. Mensalmente, foram realizadas análises microbiológicas e físico-químicas da água cinza e análises químicas do solo. Verificou-se que há uma diversidade de parâmetros e de valores limites que dificultam a interpretação e o enquadramento legal da água cinza para irrigação, não havendo uma regulação única. A água cinza promoveu a melhoria das propriedades químicas da qualidade do solo, com diminuição na disponibilidade de Al e aumento nos teores de Ca, Mg e P. O reuso da água cinza na irrigação atende a critérios ambientais e de sustentabilidade por não ser lançada diretamente ao solo e por ser utilizada para um fim nobre como a irrigação de cultivo agrícola. No entanto, faz-se mister uma unificação regulatória legal a nível nacional, que estabeleça padrões e diretrizes para a prática do reuso de águas cinzas.
Sustentabilidade na alimentação escolar
Authors: Marques Ana Beatriz Goes Maia , Triches Rozane Márcia
Published: November 2022

O objetivo do estudo é analisar o papel dos atores envolvidos no Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) em viabilizar a alimentação sustentável. Dessa forma, se buscou entender quais preocupações, ações e mudanças que têm realizado ou almejado. Esta pesquisa de cunho qualitativo analisou 11 municípios paranaenses tomando como base a aquisição e não aquisição de alimentos orgânicos da agricultura familiar. Foram aplicadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com agricultores familiares, gestores/as municipais, nutricionistas, diretores/as e cozinheiros/as de escolas, totalizando 50 entrevistados. Dentre as preocupações mais relatadas destacam-se a aplicação de insumos químicos nos alimentos, resíduos sólidos gerados, consumo de alimentos locais e menos industrializados e desperdício de alimentos. Sobre as ações e mudanças em direção a uma alimentação mais sustentável, os/as nutricionistas de municípios que adquirem alimentos orgânicos demonstraram maior entendimento sobre o assunto, enquanto que para secretários/as de educação e agricultores familiares não houve diferença nas respostas entre os municípios. Estas evidências apontam para a necessidade de formação e sensibilização dos/as atores sociais para que a alimentação escolar seja vetor de sustentabilidade.