bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differences in Squat Jump, Linear Sprint, and Change-of-Direction Performance among Youth Soccer Players According to Competitive Level
Authors: Keiner Michael , Kapsecker Andreas , Stefer Tobias , Kadlubowski Björn , Wirth Klaus
Published: October 2021

The aim of this investigation was to analyze significant differences in performance depending on the level of play (elite vs. amateur) in youth soccer players (under 17 years. old (U17) and U19). A cross-sectional study was conducted, and 45 elite and amateur male youth soccer players (16.56 ± 0.9 years old) were evaluated in their performances in squat jump (SJ), 10 m linear sprint (LS), 20 m LS, 505 agility test (505) and Illinois agility test (IAT). Differences in performances were analyzed with a 2 × 2 MANOVA, post-hoc ANOVAs, and Hedges’ g (g) for pairwise comparisons of subgroups (level of play and age group). This investigation showed that the elite player performance was significantly (p < 0.05) better in all performance tests than amateur players in both age groups. Interestingly, this investigation showed that the more complex the target exercise, the larger the effect sizes for group differences (SJ: g = 0.64–1.18, LS: g = 0.05–2.23, change-of-direction (COD): g = 3.01–6.84). The SJ, LS, 505, and IAT may prove useful in talent selection test batteries to separate between competitive levels in youth soccer players.
Central Tendon Injury Impairs Regional Neuromuscular Activation of the Rectus Femoris Muscle
Authors: Kubo Yoshiaki , Watanabe Kohei , Nakazato Koichi , Koyama Koji , Hiranuma Kenji
Published: October 2021

We aimed to uncover which rectus femoris strain injury types affect regional activation within the rectus femoris. The rectus femoris has a region-specific functional role; the proximal region of the rectus femoris contributes more than the middle and distal regions during hip flexion. Although a history of strain injury modifies the region-specific functional role within the rectus femoris, it was not obvious which rectus femoris strain injury types affect regional activation within it. We studied 12 soccer players with a history of rectus femoris strain injury. Injury data were obtained from a questionnaire survey and magnetic resonance imaging. To confirm the region-specific functional role of the rectus femoris, surface multichannel electromyographic signals were recorded. Accordingly, eight legs had a history of central tendon injury, four had a history of myofascial junction injury, and four had a healed strain injury. When the injury was limited to the central tendon, the region-specific functional role disappeared. The region-specific functional role was confirmed when the injury was outside the central part. The neuromuscular function was also inhibited when the longitudinal range of the injured region was long. Our findings suggest that a central tendon injury with a long injury length impairs regional neuromuscular activation of the rectus femoris muscle.
Special Issue “Urban and Buildings Regeneration Strategy to Climatic Change Mitigation, Energy, and Social Poverty after a World Health and Economic Global Crisis”
Authors: Mercader-Moyano Pilar , Serrano-Jiménez Antonio
Published: October 2021

Throughout the 21st century, urban reports demand solutions to the obsolescence and aging process suffered by the existing buildings, due to the growth and expansion of cities that took place in the second half of the 20th century [...]
Influence of Gender Stereotypes, Type of Sport Watched and Close Environment on Adolescent Sport Practice According to Gender
Authors: Mateo-Orcajada Adrián , Abenza-Cano Lucía , Vaquero-Cristóbal Raquel , Martínez-Castro Sonia María , Leiva-Arcas Alejandro , Gallardo-Guerrero Ana María , Sánchez-Pato Antonio
Published: October 2021

The practice of sport by adolescents is influenced by multiple factors, which could create differences in sports participation according to gender. The objectives of this study were to determine which types of sports were most practiced by adolescent males and females; and to analyze the relationship of gender stereotypes, the type of sport observed and the personal environment, to the type of sport practiced, depending on the adolescent’s gender. To this end, a total of 632 adolescents completed the questionnaire “Lifestyle in Sport with a Gender Perspective”. The results showed significant differences according to gender in the type of sport practiced (p < 0.05), in the membership to sports clubs (p < 0.001), and in the participation in competitions (p < 0.001). It was found that family (p < 0.005) and friends (p < 0.05) were the social agents that most influenced the choice of the type of sport practiced, and that the type of sport watched live (p < 0.005), and in the media (p < 0.001), was related to gender and the type of sport practiced. In contrast, the gender stereotypes of the adolescents themselves were not related to the practice of sports. In conclusion, the environment closest to the adolescents was related to the type of sport practiced by those adolescents.
Selection of Renewable Energy in Rural Area Via Life Cycle Assessment-Analytical Hierarchy Process (LCA-AHP): A Case Study of Tatau, Sarawak
Authors: John Cyril Anak , Tan Lian See , Tan Jully , Kiew Peck Loo , Shariff Azmi Mohd , Abdul Halim Hairul Nazirah
Published: October 2021

With a growing global population and energy demand, there is increasing concern about the world’s reliance on fossil fuels, which have a negative impact on the climate, necessitating the immediate transition to a cleaner energy resource. This effort can be initiated in the rural areas of developing countries for a sustainable, efficient and affordable energy source. This study evaluated four types of renewable energy (solar, wind, biomass, and mini-hydro energy) using the integrated Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) approaches to select the best renewable energy source in Tatau, Sarawak. The criteria under consideration in this study included the environment, engineering and economics. The LCA was used to assess the environmental impact of renewable energies from gate-to-grave boundaries based on 50 MJ/day of electricity generation. The AHP results showed that solar energy received the highest score of 0.299 in terms of the evaluated criteria, followed by mini-hydro, biomass and wind energy, which received scores of 0.271, 0.230 and 0.200, respectively. These findings can be used to develop a systematic procedure for determining the best form of renewable energy for rural areas. This approach could be vital for the authorities that are responsible for breaking down multi-perspective criteria for future decision making in the transition into renewable energy.
Developments in Tall Wood and Hybrid Buildings and Environmental Impacts
Authors: Iqbal Asif
Published: October 2021

Wood has been gaining popularity as a building material over the last few decades. There has been significant progress in technology during this period to push the limits of wood construction. At the same time, it has become more economically competitive to build with wood beyond low-rises. As a result, there has been a noteworthy shift in public perception in terms of acceptance of wood as a material for high-rise buildings. There is a growing list of tall wood buildings that have been constructed in different continents over the last decade. With worldwide population growth and increased urbanization, the trend is expected to continue. Considerable urgency for using sustainable resources to tackle the threat of climate change has resulted in a surge in demand as well as applications in recent decades. This paper reviews the significant technical advances that have contributed to those achievements and are expected to facilitate further developments.
The Framework for Measuring Port Resilience in Korean Port Case
Authors: Kim Sungki , Choi Sanggyun , Kim Chanho
Published: October 2021

Port resilience has become a crucial topic to achieve port sustainability. To assist ports to successfully develop policies to improve resilience, this study aims to develop a framework for measuring port resilience. This paper conceptualizes the framework to assess port resilience based on relevant literature by conducting exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis using 199 samples collected from port stakeholders in South Korea. As a result, it is validated that the framework is a multi-hierarchical structure based on nine factors, i.e., robustness, redundancy, visibility, flexibility, collaboration, agility, information sharing, response, and recovery. Our findings would serve as a theoretical footstep for further studies on the relations between port resilience and sustainability and also contribute to implement policies to strengthen port resilience.
Poor Ventilation Habits in Nursing Homes Have Favoured a High Number of COVID-19 Infections
Authors: Sanglier-Contreras Gastón , López-Fernández Eduardo J. , González-Lezcano Roberto Alonso
Published: October 2021

Residents of nursing homes have been significantly affected by COVID-19 in Spain. The factors that have contributed to the vulnerability of this population are very diverse. In this study, physical agents, chemical pollutants, population density and different capacities of residences were analysed to understand their influence on the number of elderly people who have died in geriatric centres in different autonomous communities (AACCs) of Spain. A statistical analysis was carried out on the variables observed. The results show that many residences with a larger number of deaths were private, with some exceptions. Physical agents and pollutants were found to be determining factors, especially for the communities of Extremadura and Castilla–La Mancha, although the large number of factors involved makes this study complicated. The compromise between air quality and energy efficiency is of great importance, especially when human health is at stake.
Construction of an Influenza D Virus with an Eight-Segmented Genome
Authors: Ishida Hiroho , Murakami Shin , Kamiki Haruhiko , Matsugo Hiromichi , Katayama Misa , Sekine Wataru , Ohira Kosuke , Takenaka-Uema Akiko , Horimoto Taisuke
Published: October 2021

Influenza D virus (IDV) may cause the bovine respiratory disease complex, which is the most common and costly disease affecting the cattle industry. Previously, we revealed that eight segments could be actively packaged in its single virion, suggesting that IDV with the seven-segmented genome shows an agnostic genome packaging mechanism. Herein, we engineered an eight-segmented recombinant IDV in which the NS1 or NS2 genes were separated from NS segment into independent segments (NS1 or NS2 segments, respectively), leading to monocistronic translation of each NS protein. We constructed two plasmids: one for the viral RNA (vRNA)-synthesis of the NS1 segment with a silent mutation at the splicing acceptor site, which controls NS2 transcription in the NS segment; and another for the RNA synthesis of the NS2 segment, with deletion of the intron in the NS segment. These plasmids and six other vRNA-synthesis plasmids were used to fabricate an infectious eight-segmented IDV via reverse genetics. This system enables analysis of the functions of NS1 or NS2. We tested the requirement of the N-terminal overlapping region (NOR) in these proteins for viral infectivity. We rescued a virus with NOR-deleted NS2 protein, which displayed a growth rate equivalent to that of the eight-segmented virus with intact NS2. Thus, the NOR may not influence viral growth. In contrast, a virus with NOR-deleted NS1 protein could not be rescued. These results indicate that the eight-segmented rescue system of IDV may provide an alternative method to analyze viral proteins at the molecular level.
Characterization of BoHV-1 gG-/tk-/gE- Mutant in Differential Protein Expression, Virulence, and Immunity
Authors: Marawan Marawan A. , Deng Mingliang , Wang Chen , Chen Yingyu , Hu Changmin , Chen Jianguo , Chen Xi , Chen Huanchun , Guo Aizhen
Published: October 2021

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), caused by bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), is an important disease affecting cattle worldwide resulting in great economic losses. Marker vaccines are effective in controlling infectious diseases including IBR, because they allow the discrimination between the natural infection and the vaccination. Therefore, a triple gene deleted strain BoHV-1 gG-/tk-/gE- was developed and evaluated in vivo and in vitro as a marker vaccine. In cell culture, this triple mutant virus showed significantly slower growth kinetics and smaller plaques when compared to wild-type (wt) BoHV-1 and double mutant BoHV-1 gG-/tk- (p < 0.01). On proteomic level, it revealed downregulation of some virulence related proteins including thymidine kinase, glycoproteins G, E, I, and K when compared to the wt. In vitro, the triple mutant virus showed a significantly lower and shorter viral shedding period (p < 0.001) in calves compared to double mutant. Moreover, the immunized calves with triple mutant virus showed protection rates of 64.2% and 68.6% against wt BoHV-1 and wt BoHV-5 challenge, respectively, without reactivation of latency after dexamethasone injection. In conclusion, BoHV-1 gG-/tk-/gE- is a safer marker vaccine against IBR although its immunogenicity in calves was decreased when compared to double mutant virus.
Avoidance of Natural Suckling from Dams with Bovine Leukemia Virus Is a Low Priority Countermeasure against Postnatal Transmission
Authors: Mekata Hirohisa , Kusuda Eriko , Mori Chiho
Published: October 2021

Although natural suckling from dams with bovine leukemia virus (BLV) has not been recommended in Japan, the frequency of BLV transmission through natural suckling under natural conditions is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the risk of BLV transmission through natural suckling. Dams with BLV were classified into three groups (high, middle, low) based on the proviral loads (PVLs). PCR positivity of their colostrum and the correlations between the ratios of calves with BLV and types of feeding milk were analyzed. In dams with low PVLs, no colostrum or calves were confirmed to have BLV. In dams with middle and high PVLs, 17 out of 25 (68.0%) colostrum were PCR positive, and 10 out of 23 (43.4%) and 13 out of 29 (44.8%) calves with natural suckling and artificial rearing were infected with BLV, respectively. No difference was confirmed between the infection rates of natural-suckled and artificially reared calves. Thus, we concluded that the avoidance of natural suckling from dams with BLV and the introduction of artificial rearing were low priority countermeasures against BLV transmission.
Financiamiento verde en América Latina y el Caribe: debates, debilidades, desafíos y amenazas
Authors: Stanley Leonardo
Published: October 2021

Resulta ampliamente reconocido que el cambio climático y el financiamiento están estrechamente relacionados, y que se requieren más fondos pero que también es preciso adoptar una nueva mirada. Pensar el problema del financiamiento “verde” de manera aislada no sirve. Resulta imperioso repensar el financiamiento como parte integral de un nuevo modelo de producción e inserción global. Ello implica aproximarse de forma diferente al crecimiento, de modo que se busque generar valor desde otra perspectiva. Transformar las finanzas supone modificar el régimen de inversión extranjera vigente. Además, resulta esencial repensar el rol de la inversión en el desarrollo económico y social, abandonando la idea de que cualquier aumento del PIB es exitoso sin importar el costo. Se requiere otro enfoque, superar el dilema de un horizonte bloqueado, que se asocia al cortoplacismo que caracteriza al sistema financiero actual. Debemos observar las necesidades de financiamiento ligadas al combate del cambio climático, pero también a los costos financieros de la inacción. Manejar la incertidumbre en el contexto actual requiere un cambio metodológico, que reconozca la imposibilidad de determinar a ciencia cierta cuáles son los peligros que conlleva la inacción. Pero que también condene aquellas acciones que perpetúan un modelo energético anclado en el pasado, junto con el financiamiento que lo hace factible. La interacción entre cambio climático y macroeconomía ya no puede soslayarse; ello obliga a evaluar una serie de propuestas políticas en discusión. Si tras la crisis surgió la necesidad de preservar la estabilidad financiera, las autoridades monetarias comienzan ahora a introducir nuevas regulaciones para impedir la irrupción de riesgos ligados al cambio climático. Independientemente de las ideas e instrumentos que se proponen en los países desarrollados, resulta imprescindible reconocer la especificidad de América Latina, y la visión particular que debería adoptarse en el análisis de la interacción entre política macroeconómica y cambio climático.
New data on Blaberoidea Saussure, 1864 (Insecta: Blattodea) from Morelos, Mexico, with a new species and a checklist of cockroaches for the state
Authors: Núñez-Bazán Reinier , Estrada-Álvarez Julio Cesar , Sormani Carlo G. , Osorio-Beristain Marcela
Published: October 2021

Morelos is the second smallest state in Mexico, nevertheless, it possesses a remarkable diversity of habitats and insects. Contrastingly, very little is known about some taxa like Blattodea. Here we present new data and taxonomic arrangements for some Blaberoidea of the state and a checklist of cockroaches from Morelos. New material was sampled from Reserva de la Bisfera Sierra de Huautla, near the village El Limón and an urban site in Cuernavaca, Loma Bonita colony. We report 13 genera and 15 species for Morelos state. Panchlora acolhua, Caloblatta sp. and Ischnoptera rufa occidentalis are new state records. Holotypes of Cahita nahua and C. yaqui are illustrated for the first time, and a new species is described for Cuernavaca, Morelos. Total number of reported localities are scarce (18), with many municipalities poorly or not studied. Morelos shows an interesting potential richness according to the state area. In this work, with only a few samples from two localities, important information has been generated. With more studies and efforts, the number of species should increase, including new species.
Robust Group Identification and Variable Selection in Sliced Inverse Regression Using Tukey's Biweight Criterion and Ball Covariance
Authors: ALKENANİ Ali
Published: October 2021

The SSIR-PACS is a group identification and a model-free variable selection method under sufficient dimension reduction (SDR) settings. It combined the Pairwise Absolute Clustering and Sparsity (PACS) with sliced inverse regression (SIR) methods to produce solutions with sparsity and the ability of group identification. However, the SSIR-PACS depends on classical estimates for dispersion and location, squared loss function, and non-robust weights for outliers. In this paper, a robust version of SSIR-PACS (RSSIR-PACS) is proposed. We replaced the squared loss by the criterion of Tukey's biweight. Also, the non-robust weights to outliers, which depend on Pearson’s correlations, are substituted with robust weights based on recently developed ball correlation. Moreover, the estimates of the mean and covariance matrix are substituted by the median and ball covariance, respectively. The RSSIR-PACS is robust to outliers in both the response and covariates. According to the results of simulations, RSSIR-PACS produces very good results. If the outliers are existing, the efficacy of RSSIR-PACS is considerably better than the efficacy of the competitors. In addition, a robust criteria to estimate the structural dimension d is proposed. The RSSIR-PACS makes SSIR-PACS practically feasible. Also, we employed real data to demonstrate the utility of RSSIR-PACS.
Money Laundering Detection with Node2Vec
Authors: ÇAĞLAYAN Mehmet , BAHTİYAR Şerif
Published: October 2021

The widespread use of computing technology has been changing relationships among people in societies. Criminals are aware of the power of the technology so that many criminal activities involve more computing systems. Money laundering has been a significant criminal activity within financial computing systems for many decades. The dynamic nature of information systems has reduced the effectiveness of existing money laundering detection mechanisms that is an important challenge for societies. In this paper, we consider machine learning algorithms as complementary solutions to existing money laundering detection mechanisms. We have focused on graph-based representation of data with Node2Vec to have better classification results for money laundering detections with machine learning algorithms. Our experimental analyses show that Node2Vec enable us to select the most convenient machine learning algorithm for money laundering detections.
Feedbacks
Authors: Lima Erickinson Bezerra de , Gagliano Gabriel
Published: October 2021

Objetivando el desarrollo tecnológico como soporte al estudio técnico-individual de dirección para alumnos con discapacidad visual, en este abordaje, es expuesta a secuencia de pruebas y sus resultados, para la recolecta de los requisitos necesarios a la constitución y programación del prototipo Maestro v0.1 — os feedbacks háptico y auditivo. Por lo tanto, considerándolos como elementos primordiales para provocar la acción correctiva del gesto técnico de la dirección al alumno. O procedimiento metodológico utilizado, tiene por basis el desarrollo tecnológico centrado en el usuario, fundamentado a la luz del Human-Computer-Interaction. Para realizar las pruebas de usabilidad, 25 alumnos deficientes visuales participaron de la EMUFRN, que interactuaron con los estímulos de los feedbacks, e imprimieron sus reacciones en cuestionarios. Por fin, este artículo enseña mediante una articulación teórica y práctica, la arquitectura basal de un prototipo, que podrá propiciar la práctica técnica individual de la dirección para alumnos con discapacidad visual.
Biopolitical turn in the Law: from the legal and institutional model to the biolaw
Authors: Popov Dmitriy
Published: October 2021

Relevance. Since the XVIII century, there has been a gradual qualitative transformation of sovereign power in the course of the formation of a biopower based on the regulation of natural processes inherent in the population. At the turn of the XX–XXI centuries, biopolitics as an authoritative organization of the life of the population became the dominant management model. At present, numerous biopolitical tools carry out the construction of the social.

Objectives. The purpose of the article is to explicate the process of transformation of the legal and institutional model of regulation of public relations inherent in sovereign power into biolaw as a tool for regulating public relations carried out by biopower.

Results. In the course of the study, the process of the formation of biolaw, which arises on the basis of the already established system of legal and political regulation due to its modification by biopolitical means of medicalization, normalization, identification, criminal biopolitics, is considered. As a result of the steady biopolitical intervention in the regulation of the life of the population, the lex-law as a system of legal norms expands to nomos-law focused on a sample of the natural order, correlative to the constructed norms of human life as a biosocial being.

Conclusions. Biopolitics in the process of formation radically transforms the social, including legal relations. Biolaw is a system of flexible tools for regulating social relations, tending to the model of the natural order. Biopolitical regulation is steadily replacing the traditional legal and political management model.
The Body, the morality, and the passions in Descartes’ philosophy
Authors: Roland ONGAGNA Serge
Published: October 2021

This article attempts a discussion of the philosophy of Rene Descartes, about the relationship between the human body and its passions, in the process of learning the morality of virtues. Descartes has repeatedly mentioned the decisive role that the true knowledge of the good must play and trouble by regulating our passions, but without ever providing us with the answer satisfying the following question: where does and what exactly does this awareness? Even if do not find a complete answer to our question in the last great work of Descartes, we still see several elements emerging from it important in some articles of the Passions of the Soul. Thus we learn in article 143 that desire "is always good when it follows a true knowledge”, but this true knowledge only seems to be reduced to a distinction fundamental that takes place inside the soul of things "which depend entirely on us, of those which do not depend on it”. But if true knowledge, that is true, does not seem to have any other criterion apart from what it depends entirely on us, here we are in full philosophical modernity. To what Descartes immediately adds that if one succeeds in one's life in distinguishing fatality from posture, "one easily gets used to regulating his desires in such a way that, especially as their fulfillment depends on us, they can always give us complete satisfaction ” (article 146).
Theoretical aspect, practical aspect, thus reconciled and harmonized with each other, it remains for us to ask one more question: why the true joy, which makes the greatest happiness of human life (felt, for example, by the husband mourning his wife in section 147) can only be a "joy secret ”? René Descartes frequently mentioned the importance of the real knowledge of good and evil, supposed to rule our lives. However he never clearly explained what this knowledge really meant to him. If there's no full answer to that to be found in his work, at least it seems that the real knowledge, meaning the truth, is totally dependent on us. Quite a modern vision of Philosophy was suggested by Descartes but also, in this article, an unusual point of view of the philosopher's work.
STUDY OF TENS NAIL IN PAEDIATRIC RADIUS AND ULNA FRACTURE
Authors: Kumar Ranjeet , Kumar Munna , Iqbal Rashid
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Forearm is considered as a functional joint, therefore near anatomical reduction is essential to regain normal supination and
pronation. In older children many forearm fractures can be treated conservatively, but failures continue to occur despite good orthopaedic
intentions. The fracture which are irreducible or unstable fracture which tends to re-displace needs surgical interventions. Among various surgical
treatment one is internal xation using TENS. Various studies in the recent shows excellent to good clinical outcomes using TENS. Aims: Our
study is intended to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes in paediatric both bone forearm fracture using TENS. Materials and methods: A
total of 30 patients are included in our study. All are investigated, undergone preanesthetic check-up and taken for TENS application under image
intensier. Nail diameter taken as 33-40% of narrowest diameter of diaphysys were introduced proximally in ulna and distally in radius under
image intensier in closed manner. Postoperatively, patients encouraged for active shoulder, elbow and nger movements and suture removal done
after 2 weeks. All patients are followed up to 24 week, when implant removal was done. Results: In our study 90% patients show excellent
functional results. Conclusion: We conclude that TENS in both bone forearm fractures in adolescent age group in terms of union and range of
motion is a minimally invasive and effective method of xation
CONSTRAINED HINGED ELBOW ARTHROPLASTY IN AN BONY ANKYLOSED ELBOW WITH NON UNION SUPRACONDYLAR FRACTURE HUMERUS: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Rajamanickom Arun , Sangolgi Nagesh , Athipathi Athipathi , K P Chiranjeevi
Published: October 2021

Ankylosis of elbow is a very difcult case to treat. Now Total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) in managing ankylosis at elbow has evolved much in the
recent times and is also most common surgical procedure used in the management of advanced bony ankylosis , rheumatoid arthritis, posttraumatic
arthritis, osteoarthritis, and difcult fracture around elbow joint in elderly patients.
Ÿ TEA for ankylotic elbows in elderly patients with nonunion supracondylar fracture is a good surgical option to restore adequate function of
elbow joint. Total elbow prostheses have progressed over the time and now include the constrained, semiconstrained, and modular
Ÿ Other joints in the extremity should be carefully examined, as well as the elbow's mobility and function, in order to construct a complete preand post-operative management plan that considers the upper extremity's whole range of motion..
Ÿ However, long-term complications, including infection, aseptic loosening, instability, and periprosthetic fracture, remain a challenge.
Complication rates, reoperation rates, and survivorship of modern prostheses are discussed. Technical pearls and pitfalls are discussed
A RARE CASE OF MAXILLARY BROWN TUMOUR AS PRIMARY PRESENTATION OF THE PARATHYROID CARCINOMA.
Authors: Laxmidhar Fehmida M , Vadodariya Bhavin P. , Shah Sanjiv , Laxmidhar Murtuza I
Published: October 2021

Background: Brown tumours are expansile osteolytic lesions of bone, occurring in Hyperparathyroidism. Brown tumours occur most commonly
in ribs, clavicle, long bones and pelvis and are uncommon in other facial bones except mandible. Other facial bones are rarely affected. Brown
tumors are due to the direct effect of the parathyroid hormone. Brown tumors occur more with primary hyperparathyroidism than secondary.
However, they are reported more in secondary hyperparathyroidism. In primary hyperparathyroidism, a parathyroid adenoma is a cause in 81%
while other causes include hyperplasia in 15% and parathyroid carcinoma only in 4%. We present a case report of maxillary Brown tumor due to
parathyroid carcinoma in an elderly male patient.
Case Report: A 67-year-old male presented with right maxillary swelling increasing in size for the last few months associated with ipsilateral nasal
block and right eye epiphora. The contrast CT scan of paranasal sinuses and neck revealed a large expansile right maxillary tumor aggressively
eroding maxillary wall with extension into the orbital oor, ethmoid, sphenoid sinuses, nasal cavity, and oral cavity with the erosion of hard palate
and soft tissue extension to subcutaneous Plane. A three cm sized soft tissue density lesion was also noted posterior to the right thyroid lobe in CT
sections of the neck.
Blood prole was normal except extremely high serum parathormone and calcium as well as mildly elevated serum creatinine (S. PTH 3437
pg./ml. S. Ca. 19 mg%. S. Creatinine 1.77mg%.) Ultrasonography of the abdomen also revealed calcication in the renal medulla.
Right lower parathyroidectomy was done with the frozen section as well as the Intraoperative Rapid PTH assay. The PTH level was reduced by 90
percent of the original value. The nal histopathology was suggestive of parathyroid carcinoma.
Summary: The patient was under regular surveillance, as the maxillary tumor was under remittance after the resection of parathyroid carcinoma.
Parathyroid carcinoma is a very rare tumor and involvement of maxillary bone due to primary hyperparathyroidism due to parathyroid carcinoma is
also uncommon.
SUBUNGUAL GLOMUS TUMOUR: THE ENIGMATIC CAUSE OF CHRONIC PAINFUL FINGER PULP - A CASE REPORT
Authors: Kondapalli Mohit Naren , Babu EP Kishore , Asma Affee
Published: October 2021

Glomus tumour, also referred to as Barré–Masson syndrome is an
enigmatic, rare, painful tumour that is that represents a proliferation of
the normal capsular-neural glomus apparatus. These are rare
hamartomas that arise from the traditional glomus apparatus, located
in subcutaneous tissue These are benign soft tissue neoplasms
presenting usually within the second to fourth decade of life,
originating from the glomus body. It accounts for 1-5% of all upper
limb soft tissue tumors . It's a component of the dermis layer of the [1]
skin, involved in thermoregulation. It structurally consists of an
arterio-venous shunt which is surrounded by a connective tissue
capsule and is found in increased amounts in the ngers and toes.
PLEXIFORM NEUROFIBROMA OF THE BRACHIAL PLEXUS – A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors: Venkata Mahipathy Surya Rao Rao , Durairaj Alagar Raja , Sundaramurthy Narayanamurthy , Jayachandiran Anand Prasath , Rajendran Suresh
Published: October 2021

Neurobroma is a common benign tumour occurring as part of an autosomal dominant disorder, neurobromatosis type 1, leading to the formation
of benign tumours or neurobromas of the peripheral nervous system. Large neurobromas of the brachial plexus are rare and present a difcult
challenge for surgeon due to the anatomical complexity of the brachial plexus. Dermal neurobromas usually present with swelling and occasional
pain, but neurobromas associated with the brachial plexus present with pain and neurological symptoms. These plexiform neurobromas of the
brachial plexus are known to undergo malignant transformation. Here, we present a case of a large plexiform neurobroma affecting the left
brachial plexus and extending till the elbow, conrmed with MRI and surgical debulking was done.
BIRDS OF THE SAME FEATHER DO NOT ALWAYS FLOCK TOGETHER: AN ADRENAL CASE SERIES
Authors: SS Ansari , PN Nayak , S Sudhir , D Shirodkar
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Most common adrenocortical biosynthetic defect is 21-hydroxylase deciency usually presenting as atypical genitalia at birth in
girls and adrenal crisis in males at 2-3 weeks of age. We present to you a case series of congenital adrenal hyperplasia(CAH) with heterogeneous
presentation at varied ages.Case 1:Thirty-six-day old baby presented with atypical genitalia, failure to thrive and shock. Laboratory evaluation
revealed:hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, markedly elevated 17OH-progesterone(24200ng/dl)and karyotype 46XX.Case 2: One-year-4-month old
boy known case of salt-wasting CAH who was on regular oral hydrocortisone and udrocortisone brought with the acute gastroenteritis.
Investigations revealed elevated markers for sepsis, hypocortisolemia(1.37 mcg/dl) and high 17-OH-progesterone(588 ng/dl). Case 3: Five-year10-month old boy, known case of salt-wasting CAH on irregular medication and poor compliance presented with enlarged penile length. On
evaluation his SMR staging=A1P3TV4/4ml, Height age:7.6 year and bone-age was 11.6 years. Endocrine evaluation demonstrated gonadotropinindependent precocity(Testosterone=109ng/dl, FSH=0.31 IU/ml, LH<0.10 IU/ml, 17-OH-Progesterone:25400ng/dl).Scrotal ultrasound showed
hypoechoic areas in rete-testis suggestive of probable tesicular-adrenal-rest-tumor(TART).All patients were treated with hydrocortisone,
udrocortisone and uid resuscitation.Conclusion:Diagnosis of CAH doesn't always depend on atypical genitalia. Continued adherence to the
optimal dose of steroids, regular monitoring and strict advice during illness is as important as appropriate and timely management of the adrenal
crisis.
ADNEXAL TORSION - STILL A DIAGNOSTIC CHALLENGE
Authors: Katheit Rai Geeta , Sahay Shivangini , Goel Neerja , Gupta Samta
Published: October 2021

Adnexal torsion is a gynecological emergency. It is dened as the partial or complete rotation of the adnexa around its ovarian vascular axis that
may cause an interruption in the ovarian blood ow.1 With a reported prevalence of 2.7% in all cases of acute abdominal pain, adnexal torsion is the
fth most common gynecological emergency.2 Early diagnosis is extremely important in all cases for the vitality of ovary but is more signicant in
young women since it may dictate future fertility. Diagnosis of ovarian torsion is extremely challenging. Patients can have variable and nonspecic clinical symptoms making the differential diagnosis enigmatic. Hence clinical suspicion and timely intervention are very crucial .We
report a case where there was failure to recognize ovarian torsion as a differential diagnosis during initial assessment.
EVALUATION OF THYROID PROFILE OF TERM AND PRETERM NEONATES AT 1ST AND 4TH WEEK AFTER BIRTH: A HOSPITAL BASED OBSERVATIONAL STUDY.
Authors: Sahabuddin Sk , Banerjee Mukut , Chakraborty Shinjini , Laha Sumanta , Nath Ghosh Tarak
Published: October 2021

Objective: st th To evaluate the thyroid prole(T4,FT4 and TSH) in term and preterm neonates at 1 week after birth and during follow up at 4 week.
Material and Method: This prospective observational hospital based study was conducted with 30 term(>37 completed week) and 30 preterm
neonates(from 28 to 36 week 6days) with exclusion criteria of maternal thyroid disease or neonates with co-morbidity or signicant congenital
st th anomalies. Serum T4,FT4 and TSH level were measured at 1 week and 4 week of postnatal age and results are analysed statistically.
Results: st th We found TSH was elevated more in preterm than in term neonates in the 1 week, which decreased in both the groups at the 4 week . T4
st th and FT4 were signicantly higher in the term neonates than in preterm in the 1 week. During follow up in the 4 week, T4 and FT4 decreases in
st term and increases in preterm so that the FT4 level almost matches in both the group at the end of 1 month.
Conclusion: Our study shows that T4, FT4 and TSH has a signicant relationship with gestational age. Premature infants are born with higher
th levels of TSH and lower levels of FT4 and T4 than term, which almost normalizes at 4 week.
ROLE OF EOSINOPHIL COUNT, CRPAND SERUM FERRITIN LEVELS AS MARKERS OF SEVERITY IN COVID-19 ILLNESS.
Authors: Poswal Pooja , Arora Sunil , yadav Komal , Chaudhary Arvind
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a systemic infection which has a signicant impact on the hematopoietic system
and hemostasis. Denitive diagnosis requires a laboratory conrmation test with presence of specic clinical characteristics. Patients critically ill
with COVID-19 presents with hyper inammation, and the associated biomarkers may be benecial for risk stratication. During the disease
course, Eosinophil count and CRP may help to effectively differentiate the suspected COVID-19 patients from others attending the fever clinic
with u like symptoms. Ferritin is a key mediator of immune dysregulation and act as a crucial factor inuencing the severity of COVID-19.
RESULT: 19 patients in the COVID-19 group (73%) and 4 patients in the COVID-19 negative group (16.6%) had eosinopenia. Eosinopenia and
elevated C-reactive protein present with a positive predictive value at 70.7%. 14 patients with severe COVID-19 revealed elevated levels of ferritin
as compared with patients having non-severe disease
CONCLUSION:The combination of eosinopenia and elevated CRPcan effectively distinguish suspected COVID-19 patients from other patients
attending the u clinic with COVID-19 like initial symptoms. An elevated serum CRP and ferritin were associated with poor outcome and critical
phase of disease. Our study is helpful in classifying patients at the time of presentation with disease that requires hospitalization and initial therapy.
The utmost importance of our study reects about early isolation of cases.
AIM and Objective:
Ÿ To study the role of Eosinophil count in risk stratication of patients presenting in u clinic.
Ÿ To correlate the severity of disease with levels of eosinopenia, elevated CRPand Serum Ferritin.
METODE MENGAJAR BERVARIASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA
Authors: Apriyanti Apriyanti
Published: October 2021

Various problems in the world of education still require concerted thinking efforts; one of these problems is in the field of mathematics studies in schools. This may be due to the way the lesson is delivered that is less effective, for that a teacher can create an interesting learning atmosphere so that it is not boring. A teacher must be able to choose a teaching system that is in accordance with the program of teaching and learning activities. In this study the method used is descriptive quantitative method, data analysis using statistical formulas. To find out student learning outcomes, the writer conducted an essay test. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that: "The average mathematics learning outcomes of students who are taught using varied teaching methods are more than the average mathematics learning outcomes of students who are not taught using varied teaching methods". Thus, it can be said that the application of various teaching methods has a positive effect or can improve mathematics learning outcomes.
Моделювання спряжених криволінійних поверхонь ріжучого інструменту.
Authors: Ісмаілова Н. , Могилянець Т.
Published: October 2021

Пропонуємо моделювання ріжучого інструменту з передачею даних з комп'ютера на верстат з числовим програмним управлінням.
Комп’ютерна підсистема управління супутниковою антеною на базі мікроконтролера АTMEGA.
Authors: Каганюк O. , Бортник К. , Свиридюк К. , Міскевич O.
Published: October 2021

В даній статті розглядаються питання щодо до розробка комп’ютерної підсистеми управління супутниковою антеною. Дається короткий огляд передачі сігнала без перешкод за допомогою супутникових антен. Приводиться обґрунтування по вибору технічних засобів в будові комп’ютерної підсистеми. Розглядаються питання щодо формування основних положень на створення автоматизованої комп’ютерної підсистеми управління супутниковою антенною із використанням мікроконтролера
Мікроконтролерне керування гібридними кроковими двигунами.
Authors: Лишук В. , Євсюк М. , Мороз С. , Хвищун М. , Бабула І.
Published: October 2021

У статті запропоновано спосіб керування гібридними кроковими двигунами з допомогою мікроконтролера. Проаналізовано функціонування крокових двигунів та мостових інверторів, побудованих на МОН-транзисторах, які подають команди від контролера до двигуна та узгоджують їх входи-виходи. Запропонований мікроконтролер дає змогу керувати кроковим двигуном в різних режимах роботи, забезпечуючи високі роздільну здатність, точність позиціонування та крутний момент.
Щодо застосування глибокого навчання з підкріпленням у сучасних системах.
Authors: Мальцев A.
Published: October 2021

У статті розкрито принципи застосування глибокого навчання з підкріпленням у сучасних системах. Підкреслено, що у функції навчання з підкріпленням входить адаптація немарківської моделі прийняття рішень до ситуації, що склалася за рахунок аналізу передісторії процесу прийняття рішень, внаслідок чого підвищується якість прийнятих рішень. Описано принцип реалізації навчання з підкрі.пленням та схематично розкрито схему взаємодії агента з навколишнім середовищем. Для детального опису запропоновано використання 2D-задачі балансування полюсів, яку покладено в основу математичного аспекту. Наголошено, що у сучасних системах найбільш часто використовується дві схеми навчання з підкріпленням це метод часових різниць та метод Монте-Карло. Здійснено математичне обґрунтування кожного методу окремо та запропоновано архітектуру глибокої Q-мережі. Описано модельні та безмодельні методи, підкреслено, що модельні методи засновані на моделях навчання з підкріпленням, що змушують агента намагатися зрозуміти світ і створити модель для його подання. Безмодельні методи намагаються захопити дві функції, функцію переходу від станів і функцію винагороди, з цієї моделі агент має посилання і може планувати відповідно. Проте, зазначається, що немає необхідності вивчати модель, і агент може замість цього вивчати політику безпосередньо, використовуючи такі алгоритми, як Q-навчання або градієнт політики. Глибока Q-мережа, використовує згорткову нейронну мережу для прямої інтерпретації графічного представлення вхідного стану з навколишнім середовищем. Обґрунтовано, що глибоку Q-мережу можна розглядати як параметризовану мережу політики, яка постійно навчається для наближення оптимальної політики, а, математично, глибока Q-мережа використовує рівняння Беллмана для мінімізації функції втрат, що є ефективним для зниження часу. Однак використання нейронної мережі для наближення функції значення виявилося нестабільним і може призвести до розбіжностей через зміщення, що походить від корелятивних вибірок
Principles of juice purification
Authors: Bruijn Jan Maarten de
Published: October 2021

The raw juice as obtained by juice extraction of sugar beet cossettes contains dissolved and insoluble impurities (nonsugars) which need to be removed as much as possible to enable a cost-effective production of the wanted quality of white crystal sugar. The most commonly used purification approach of beet raw juice is the so-called classical liming process. The aim and principles of the different successive process steps in juice purification will be outlined in this paper. The purification principles comprise several chemical-physical reactions of particular nonsugars in the juice which are initiated at first by the addition of milk of lime to the raw juice in preliming and main liming. Through injection of the carbon dioxide produced in the lime kiln in the 1st carbonatation calcium ions precipitate as calcium carbonate, which is then used as filter aid to remove by sedimentation and/or filtration the formed slurry. The remaining surplus of lime salts are finally removed in the 2nd carbonatation which after filtration results in a clear thin juice.
Osteoporosis: Conocimiento sobre prevención, tratamiento y complicaciones de estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Gil Alexia
Published: October 2021

La osteoporosis es una enfermedad prevenible con complicaciones graves, con muchos factores de riesgo modificables. La OMS y la IOF han advertido que 1 de cada 3 mujeres, y 1 de cada 8 hombres, sufrirá osteoporosis a lo largo de su vida. En Guatemala no se reconoce como un problema de salud. Objetivo: Evaluar el conocimiento sobre osteoporosis en jóvenes estudiantes de diferentes facultades la Universidad Francisco Marroquín. Comparar el conocimiento entre los estudiantes de medicina y los estudiantes de otras carreras en la UFM. Como ha sido descrito en múltiples estudios, existe una necesidad de informar a la población desde edades tempranas sobre la osteoporosis, para prevenir las complicaciones devastadoras de la enfermedad. Método: Estudio de tipo transversal, se utilizó el cuestionario OKAT (Osteoporosis Knowledge and Assessment Tool) para entrevistar a 260 estudiantes de la UFM. Se utilizó comparación de medias, para comparar el grado de conocimientos de osteoporosis entre estudiantes de medicina y el grado de conocimiento de estudiantes de las demás facultades. Resultados: El promedio de puntuación en el OKAT fue de 9.71 puntos de todos los estudiantes. La media de puntuación en estudiantes de medicina fue de 12.2 puntos. El promedio de puntuación en facultades excluyendo medicina fue de 8 puntos. Conclusión: Los estudiantes de medicina, según el OKAT, tienen un conocimiento apropiado sobre osteoporosis (por arriba de 11 puntos). La media de puntuación de todos los estudiantes de otras facultades indica que no tienen conocimiento apropiado sobre osteoporosis. La media de puntuación de los estudiantes de medicina es estadísticamente significativa mayor a la de los estudiantes de otras facultades (p < 0.0001).