bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Cognitive Training in Flanker Task on Mobility of Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trail
Authors: Liu Yu , Zheng Man , Liu Jianxiu , Cao Chunmei , Ding Yu
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Cognitive function is considered to be correlated with the older adults’ mobility. Flanker task, reflecting the conflict resolution, is barely explored as a simple approach to train the older adults’ cognitive function. Hence, the first aim of this study was to explore the effect of cognitive intervention adopting flanker task on mobility. The second aim of this study was to assess the effect of cognitive training by comparing it with physical training to disclose how much dosage of cognitive training can have the equal improvement of mobility with physical training. Methods: 232 older adults (age, mean ± SD: 66.16 ± 7.08, female: 74.3%) were retrained and assigned into three groups (cognitive intervention group, physical exercise intervention group, and control group). The intervention lasted for 22 weeks (cognitive intervention: flanker task, 30 min per session, 3 sessions a week; physical exercise intervention: 30 min muscle and balance training session, twice a week, and 30 min daily walking and housework, 2–4 times a week). Grip strength, 30-s chair-stand test, single leg balance with eyes closed, and the timed “Up & Go” (TUG) were used as indicators of mobility. A mixed model analysis of variance (ANOVA), interaction effect, and simple effect were performed in statistical analysis. Results: Both intervention groups improved mobility, and the results were similar behaviorally. However, the exercise intervention group performed better in 30-s chair-stand test (25.14 ± 0.67 vs. 23.71 ± 0.76 with p = 0.01) and single leg balance with eyes closed (8.15 ± 0.69 vs. 6.14 ± 0.43 with p < 0.001). Conclusion: 22-week cognitive intervention (for total 1,980 min) could improve the older adults’ mobility to the similar extent of mild-to-moderate physical exercises (1,320 min of functional muscle and balance training and 1,980 daily physical activities), which ascertained the far transfer effects from cognition to untrained mobility domain and found a comparable dosage of cognitive and physical exercise training.
Dentine Mineral Changes Induced by Polyalkenoate Cements after Different Selective Caries Removal Techniques: An in vitro Study
Authors: Pires Paula Maciel , Nunes Monteiro Amanda Souza , Helena de Accioly Costa Paula , Silva Aline Saddock , Lopes Ricardo Tadeu , Yoshihara Kumiko , Sauro Salvatore , de Almeida Neves Aline
Published: January 2023

This study aimed at evaluating the mineral variation induced by polyalkenoate cements in residual dentine after different caries removal methods. Ten extracted sound molars were selected, and five cavities were prepared on the occlusal surface of each specimen. Carious lesions were generated using a microbial protocol, while the caries removal was performed using bur, hand excavator, or two papain-based chemo-mechanical agents. One cavity was left unexcavated in each tooth. Cavities were restored using a zinc polycarboxylate cement (ZPC; n = 25), or a glass ionomer cement (GIC) was used (n = 25). Subsequently, the specimens were stored under simulated pulpal pressure for 45 days. Micro-CT scanning was performed after caries formation, removal, and restoration. Cavity volumes (mm3) and mineral density (MD) changes were calculated. Remineralisation ability was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Statistical analysis was performed (5% significance level). Baseline caries, cavity volume, and MD increase after caries removal were similar to all excavation groups (p > 0.05). MD was higher in ZPC compared to GIC (p < 0.05). SEM revealed that the chemo-mechanical techniques produced a smoother dentine surface compared to mechanical methods. FTIR showed silicon-based minerals in GIC-treated dentine, while ZPC-treated presented mineral deposits characterised by amorphous calcium phosphate. In both cases, the presence of carbonates was detected on dentine surfaces. All caries removal techniques performed similarly in terms of carious dentine excavation. ZPC can be used as dentine replacement material after caries removal as it may induce higher MD increase in residual dentine via deposition of calcium phosphates, compared to GIC.
Physical and psychological violence victimization scale in adolescents dating: Confirmatory factor analysis and Rasch model
Authors: Ayu Suci Musvita , Gustina Erni , Sofiana Liena , Wardani Yuniar , Sukarelawan Moh Irma
Published: January 2023

This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of physical and psychological violence victimization (PPVV) scales in adolescent dating. The PPVV scale consists of 37 items (17 items of physical violence and 20 items of psychological violence), with a 4-point Likert rating scale. A total of 682 students met the inclusion criteria as respondents (88.56% female, 11.44% male). Respondents are in the age range of 15-24 years and from the first year of college to the fourth year. The results showed that two items did not fit statistically, and six were biased toward the respondent’s attributes. The average difficulty level of the item is higher than the respondent’s ability level. The PPVV instrument developed shows unidimensionality. Meanwhile, the four rating scales used have not shown satisfactory performance. They need to be simplified into three scales. However, analysis of the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Rasch model shows that the PPVV scale has a good factor structure and psychometric properties as a measuring tool. So, the PPVV instrument can be used by future researchers by eliminating PhyV11 and PhyV16 and using a three-level rating scale.
Assessment for learning and cognitive process dimensions literacy of instructors in English
Authors: Olayvar Semuel R. , Francisco Christopher Dela Cruz
Published: January 2023

The general problem of this study was to determine the literacy level of instructors in English on assessment for learning and cognitive process dimensions in terms of the following parameters such as classroom assessment objective, classroom assessment theoretical basis, types of tests, content, and performance standards and competencies, and cognitive process dimensions. To achieve this aim, the researchers involved five university administrators, 15 instructors in English, and 225 college students during the school year 2020-2021. The questionnaire on the literacy level of instructors in English on the assessment of learning and cognitive process dimensions was utilized. The results were processed using statistical packages for social sciences (SPSS) and presented using appropriate tables and texts. The findings revealed that: first, although instructors in English are utilizing specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) learning objectives, they still have to distinguish between three learning domains; secondly, while instructors in English are excellent in identifying the diversity of students, they have to look for various assessment tools; third, though they have flexibility in crafting learning goals, and assess students holistically, they need to be familiar with levels of cognitive process in achieving profound assessment for learning.
Identification of counselor mind process on online counseling
Authors: Ramli M. , Hanafi Husni , Hidayah Nur , Atmoko Adi , Fitriyah Fifi Khoirul
Published: January 2023

The internal counselor competence refers to the metacognition skills to manage all their mental experiences and internal conditions. These are in the form of Mind skills. In particular, in the industrial revolution 4.0 and the covid-19 pandemic situation, online counselors face many unpredictable and unfamiliar conditions. This study aims to identify the state of level the counselor's mind skills during online counseling sessions. This research method uses survey research methods of 181 online counselors in various regions in Indonesia. Mind Skills Journal is the instrument used for data collection to assess the four levels of counselor metacognition (Reflective, Strategic, Aware, and Tacit). The analysis used basic statistics and graphs. The results showed the overall score of the Mind skills level was 78.166%, which was in the Strategic Use level. The Mind skills contribution can be counselor self-regulation, counselor assessment, verbalization, information visualization description, causal analysis, and predictive planning. Suggestions based on research results are the need for an alternative to improve mind skills through reflective learning of prospective counselors and reflective supervision activities of counselors in the field.
In what ways students’ socio-economic status affecting academic performance?
Authors: Abduh Muhammad , Purwanta Edi , Hermanto Hermanto
Published: January 2023

Due to the rapid development and dynamics of education, parents are becoming increasingly focused and concerned about their children’s education. Parents have a significant influence on students’ academic performance (AP) based on various perspectives, one of which is socio-economic status (SES). A systematic literature review is required to provide an overview for educators and policy makers in Indonesia to address problems that arise in students’ AP due to SES factors. However, there are limited research studies that systematically review the literature on SES in regards to students’ AP. This study was guided by the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) review protocol employing two databases: Scopus and Google Scholar, regarding students’ SES and student AP. There were 316 articles were screened and 51 articles that met the predetermined criteria were obtained. This study performed content analysis to codify, organize categories, and develop themes. Based on the thematic analysis, this study grouped three main themes: SES based on student roles, SES based on teacher roles, and SES based on family roles. This review contributes to the existing literature by providing direction for further research and as a catalyst for developing new literacy related to SES in education.
Factors affecting learner’s satisfaction towards online learning during COVID-19 pandemic: A case study of Vietnam
Authors: Le Thi My Hanh , Nguyen Van Ky Long , Nguyen Tien Son , Vo Nhu Hoa
Published: January 2023

Online learning is being considered a new model of knowledge exchange in modern education. In parallel with the incredible impacts of the global pandemic, this is considered an opportunity to promote the development of online learning globally. Therefore, this study proposed a research framework including four factors affecting learner satisfaction towards online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic at a university, which are system quality, service quality, transformational leadership, and self-efficacy. A questionnaire was conducted online to assess which 131 respondents were representative students from two large private universities in Da Nang: FPT University and Duy Tan University. The results from the regression analysis show that three factors have a positive impact on learner satisfaction during COVID-19. This study concludes that students at private universities in Da Nang prioritize system quality as the most significant factor in their satisfaction with the online learning system, followed by transformational leadership and the last one is self-efficacy. Therefore, it can be more strategic for private organizations, developers, software designers, or even transformation-trained trainers to be emphasized to build a system of processes for implementing online learning for students effectively.
Behavior toward energy: An exploration of high school students’ perspective in Indonesia
Authors: Zulkarnaen Zulkarnaen , Sulaeman Nurul Fitriyah , Nuryadin Atin , Mineta Ippei
Published: January 2023

Securing universal access to affordable electricity by 2030 is one of the sustainable development goals. Meanwhile, energy consumption efficiency has a vital role in determining the achievement of this goal. Therefore, exploring behavior toward energy is crucial. Energy behavior is often characterized as individual actions that influence energy consumption and understanding of its production. On the other hand, the perspective of the young Indonesian generation is interesting to explore as their country is well-known as a fossil energy producer. In this study, the participants were 475 junior high school students in the ninth grade from four public schools in Indonesia. The questionnaire has 39 items that explore students’ perspectives on their behavior toward energy. The result shows that students’ energy behavior is mainly at a moderate level with no significant difference by gender. Students with experience in informal energy education showed higher energy behavior. The result suggests the urgency of a better quality of energy education, both formal and informal, that supports reinforcement in energy behavior.
Student’s higher-order thinking skills and collaboration skills in online learning during pandemic
Authors: Afikah Adilah , Rohaeti Eli , Jumadi Jumadi , Perdana Riki
Published: January 2023

Higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) and collaboration skills are critical for all students, starting from early to senior high school. This study aimed to describe HOTS and collaboration skills in online learning according to gender, type of school, and grade level. This research was descriptive quantitative by explaining and comparing the results of the questionnaires given to students. The respondent of this study was 331 students who were obtained randomly from junior and senior high school in Indonesia. The results showed students’ HOTS in online learning; the mean score of the students was 3.82 (moderate). While collaboration skills, the mean score of the students was 3.95 (moderate); collaboration skills domains are positively related to HOTS. According to gender, type of school, and education level, there was no significant difference between students’ HOTS and collaboration skills. Based on these findings, teachers can teach to maximize learning, even though it was online, to improve HOTS and collaboration skills in online learning. This can also influence the policies to be taken by higher education to equip prospective educators to adjust themselves in providing learning to students in different conditions and situations.
Gender disparities in Universiti Teknologi MARA students’ mental wellness: A comparative study
Authors: Syed Wahid Syarifah Norhuda , Aminuddin Azwan Shah , Hasan Hazlin , Nikman Khairunisa , Badruesham Nurfarawahidah
Published: January 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected the wellbeing of people worldwide, especially the younger population, primarily students, who are ill-equipped to cope with the new norm. The need to adapt to the new learning methods has created greater difficulties. Previous research stated that altered life routine and upsetting life events have led to psychological disorders like depression, anxiety, and stress, with females experiencing higher degrees of disorder. With the objectives to further investigate the escalating students’ mental wellbeing issues, the researchers focused on gender comparison among Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) students. There were 1,931 students from all UiTM campuses answered Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21) questionnaire online to test their levels of depression, anxiety and stress while attending online distance learning (ODL) classes. Descriptive and independent t-test analyses were performed using IBM-SPSS AMOS version 24 software. The result indicated that both genders’ levels of depression and stress were normal but most females experienced an extremely severe anxiety level. There also existed significant differences at 5% level of significance between the genders for anxiety and stress disorder levels. The findings are hoped to provide relevant authorities a better understanding on the appropriate intervention approaches focusing on gender to alleviate the COVID-19 impacts and prevent potential declines in the students’ wellbeing.
Are lecturers responsible for students’ academic procrastination?
Authors: Prihadi Kususanto Ditto , Weng Yew Victor Goh , Purwaningtyas Endah Kurniawati
Published: January 2023

Most studies tend to report that academic procrastination (AP) was caused by students’ internal factors, such as educational self-efficacy, perfectionism, fear of failure, expectancy value belief (perception of the task value), or classroom engagement. Nevertheless, some studies in the past have reported that students’ perception of their educators’ expectancy has significantly predicted their educational efficacy, fear of failure, and perception of the task value. Therefore, we hypothesized that students’ perception of educators’ expectancy predicted the students’ AP, fully mediated by educational self-efficacy, moderated by the expectancy value belief. The data was collected from 361 purposively recruited students from universities in Indonesia and Malaysia who completed the scales of perceived lecturers’ expectancy (PLE), educational self-efficacy (ESE), and expectancy value belief (EVB) and procrastination assessment scale-students (APSS). The data was analyzed by using AMOS-SEM and it was suggested that PLE significantly predicted ESE and APSS. Nevertheless, ESE was not a significant predictor of APSS; therefore, no mediation occurs. Furthermore, the link between PLE and APSS is significantly moderated by the EVB. In other words, lecturers might have played some active role, albeit indirect, in pushing students toward academic procrastination. Further implications, limitations, and suggestions are discussed.
Religiosity and misuse of school aid funds: The development of the fraud theory
Authors: Rohman Abdul , Mukhibad Hasan , Nurkhin Ahmad
Published: January 2023

Fraud is a problem that occurs in various organizations, including educational institutions. This condition is very ironic, educational institutions as institutions are required to teach anti-fraud education, but in fact, the educational institutions themselves are still fraudulent. This study aimed to explain the factors that can influence the principal, treasurer, and school committee to abuse school aid funds. The research sample was 145 principals, treasurers, and school committees for the elementary, junior high, and senior high school levels selected by convenience sampling method. All variables were measured using five Likert scales and analyzed with the multiple regression method. Instrument validity test using Pearson product-moment. This study shows that we found that pressure, internal control, integrity, and religiosity influence fraud. High financial pressures stemming from greed, a luxurious lifestyle, debt, integrity, low systems of control, and religiosity can increase fraud. These results reinforce the importance of schools or education-related regulatory agencies to be able to take policies to form a school environment that encourages honesty, limits teachers to hedonism, has a fair compensation system, and encourages teachers to practice worship, which needs to be done to avoid financial fraud from abuse of school aid funds.
The effectiveness of implementing student physical perfectness techniques for creative thinking development
Authors: Botagariyev Tulegen , Gabdullin Aibek , Akhmetova Aiymgul , Zhunusbekov Zhaxybek , Saitbekov Nurbol
Published: January 2023

Supporting students’ physical development and creativity under the influence of modern globalization is one of the key tasks for today’s science community. The present study aims to develop an individual program of physical and creative development in first- and second-year female students, taking account of their educational and anthropometric characteristics. Students’ level of creative thinking was assessed according to William’s methodology, and a physical education program for experimental group respondents was developed to link the two factors. Consequently, the program’s implementation demonstrated significant changes in the respondents’ creative thinking towards a positive gradation. The number of respondents with low creative thinking scores in the primary follow-up survey increased to an average of 120 students. At the same time, the Chi-square analysis to compare the experimental and control sample in detail indicates that experimental and control sample designs are consistent (χ2=122.77). This study may be used in more in-depth research on the interrelationships between youth’s physical and creative development. Besides, it can also serve as a prototype for implementing associated integrated student development programs at the university.
The statistical thinking skill and adversity quotient of English pre-service teacher
Authors: Hidayat Wahyu , Widodo Sri Adi , Syahrizal Trisnendri
Published: January 2023

Statistics is a branch of mathematical study in universities. Statistics courses are not too tricky to master for students in Mathematics education. In contrast, non-mathematics students, such as students of English education, own the paradigm that statistics is a complex subject since they have to apply formulas and substitute those formulas with numbers as a basic knowledge of general statistics course. There are a lot of studies on the statistical thinking skills of a pre-service teacher. However, statistical thinking skills influenced by the adversity quotient factor have not been widely studied. This study aimed to identify and examine the statistical thinking skills of pre-service English teachers based on the dimensions of adversity quotient and statistical thinking ability. This is a quantitative study with a sample of 314 students of English pre-service teachers who took statistics courses for language education and were selected by cluster random sampling technique at a university in Cimahi, West Java, Indonesia. The results showed that based on control, origin, ownership, and endurance positively influenced students’ thinking abilities. However, there is no positive effect between the latent variable of the reach dimension on the students’ statistical thinking ability. The students’ thinking skills tend to be classified at the quantitative level.
Large-Eddy Simulations of Marine Boundary Layer Clouds Associated with Cold-Air Outbreaks during the ACTIVATE Campaign. Part II: Aerosol–Meteorology–Cloud Interaction
Authors: Li Xiang-Yu , Wang Hailong , Chen Jingyi , Endo Satoshi , Kirschler Simon , Voigt Christiane , Crosbie Ewan , Ziemba Luke D. , Painemal David , Cairns Brian , Hair Johnathan W. , Corral Andrea F. , Robinson Claire , Dadashazar Hossein , Sorooshian Armin , Chen Gao , Ferrare Richard Anthony , Kleb Mary M. , Liu Hongyu , Moore Richard , Scarino Amy Jo , Shook Michael A. , Shingler Taylor J. , Thornhill Kenneth Lee , Tornow Florian , Xiao Heng , Zeng Xubin
Published: January 2023

Aerosol effects on micro/macrophysical properties of marine stratocumulus clouds over the western North Atlantic Ocean (WNAO) are investigated using in situ measurements and large-eddy simulations (LES) for two cold-air outbreak (CAO) cases (28 February and 1 March 2020) during the Aerosol Cloud Meteorology Interactions over the Western Atlantic Experiment (ACTIVATE). The LES is able to reproduce the vertical profiles of liquid water content (LWC), effective radius reff and cloud droplet number concentration Nc from fast cloud droplet probe (FCDP) in situ measurements for both cases. Furthermore, we show that aerosols affect cloud properties (Nc, reff, and LWC) via the prescribed bulk hygroscopicity of aerosols () and aerosol size distribution characteristics. Nc, reff, and liquid water path (LWP) are positively correlated to and aerosol number concentration (Na) while cloud fractional cover (CFC) is insensitive to and aerosol size distributions for the two cases. The realistic changes to aerosol size distribution (number concentration, width, and the geometrical diameter) with the same meteorology state allow us to investigate aerosol effects on cloud properties without meteorological feedback. We also use the LES results to evaluate cloud properties from two reanalysis products, ERA5 and MERRA-2. Compared to LES, the ERA5 is able to capture the time evolution of LWP and total cloud coverage within the study domain during both CAO cases while MERRA-2 underestimates them.
Changes of Extreme Precipitation in CMIP6 Projections: Should We Use Stationary or Nonstationary Models?
Authors: Abdelmoaty Hebatallah Mohamed , Papalexiou Simon Michael
Published: January 2023

With global warming, the behavior of extreme precipitation shifts toward nonstationarity. Here, we analyze the annual maxima of daily precipitation (AMP) all over the globe using projections of the latest phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) under four shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs). The projections were bias corrected using a semiparametric quantile mapping, a novel technique extended to extreme precipitation. This analysis 1) explores the variability of future AMP globally and 2) investigates the performance of stationary and nonstationary models in describing future AMP with trends. The results show that global warming potentially intensifies AMP. For the nonparametric analysis, the 33-yr precipitation levels are increasing up to 33.2 mm compared to the historical period. The parametric analysis shows that the return period of 100-yr historical events will decrease approximately to 50 and 70 years in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, respectively. Under the highest emission scenario, the projected 100-yr levels are expected to increase by 7.5%–21% over the historical levels. Using stationary models to estimate the 100-yr return level for AMP projections with trends leads to an underestimation of 3.4% on average. Extensive Monte Carlo experiments are implemented to explain this underestimation.
Organization-as-Platform Activism: Theory and Evidence from the National Football League “Take a Knee” Movement
Authors: Rheinhardt Alexandra , Briscoe Forrest , Joshi Aparna
Published: January 2023

Social activists sometimes engage in a form of workplace activism that involves using their employer organization as an unofficial platform to communicate social issue messages to external stakeholders. This type of activism follows a different logic from that of more-familiar citizen activism, in which citizens directly target society and its institutions, and that of organizational-change activism, in which employees aim to influence their employer organization. This article develops and tests theory to understand this phenomenon of organization-as-platform activism, using the National Football League “Take a Knee” employee athlete protests as an empirical context. Drawing on past research on social movements and employee activism, we offer a theoretical comparison of these three forms of activism—citizen, organizational-change, and organization-as-platform—to conceptually distinguish them and to theorize factors that uniquely predict the occurrence of platform activism. We find evidence of predictors associated with the attributes of the organizational platform and those of the intended stakeholder audience. Organization-as-platform activism is associated with the accessibility and openness of the organizational platform for messaging use, the visibility of the organizational platform for message transmission, and the receptivity of the targeted stakeholder audience. As employees increasingly bring their non-work identities and beliefs into the workplace, our findings invite new research on the outcomes of platform activism for organizations, the implications of such activism for organizational stakeholder strategy, and the relation between platform activism and employee prosocial voice.
Predictors of engagement with peer support: analysis of data from a randomised controlled trial of one-to-one peer support for discharge from inpatient psychiatric care
Authors: White Sarah , Bhattacharya Rahul , Bremner Stephen , Faulkner Alison , Foster Rhiannon , Gibson Sarah , Goldsmith Lucy , Harnett Daniella , Lucock Mike , Patel Akshaykumar , Priebe Stefan , Repper Julie , Rinaldi Miles , Salla Anthony , Simpson Alan , Ussher Michael , Gillard Steve
Published: January 2023

Background:

A range of evidence for the effectiveness of one-to-one peer support in mental health services is emerging. Levels of engagement with peer support vary with limited studies showing few individual participant characteristics predicting engagement. Implementation factors that might predict engagement have not been considered.

Methods:

Data were analysed from the intervention arm of the ENRICH trial of one-to-one peer support for discharge from acute psychiatric inpatient care. Two outcomes were considered: (1) a measure of ‘engaged with peer worker’; (2) number of face-to-face contacts with peer worker post-discharge. Two sets of independent variables were analysed against each outcome: (1) pre-randomisation participant characteristics; (2) implementation factors measured pre-discharge. Analyses used logistic and zero-inflated negative binomial regression models according to outcome structure.

Results:

Data were analysed for 265 participants randomised to peer support who had a known peer worker. Non-heterosexual participants had increased odds of engaging with peer support compared to heterosexual participants, OR = 4.38 (95% CI: 1.13, 16.9, p = .032). Longer duration of first contact with peer worker ( OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.04, p < .001) and more relationship building activities in the first contact ( OR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.85, p = .004) were associated with greater odds of engaging with peer support. Analysis of number of contacts post-discharge showed consistent findings.

Conclusions:

Implementation of peer support should include a focus on relationship building in the first session of peer support. The potential for peer support to break down barriers to accessing mental health services experienced by people from marginalised communities warrants further investigation.
Mental health, wellbeing and burnout among medical students in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Abdel Aziz Karim , Okasha Tarek , Bhugra Dinesh , Molodynski Andrew , AlKhyeli Fatima , AlNeyadi Noura , AlSheryani Mahra , Alyammahi Shouq , El-Gabry Dina Aly
Published: January 2023

Background:

Medical students tend to experience high levels of stress during their studies, that can result in mental health disorders and burnout, further affecting academic performance and later ability to practice.

Aims:

To investigate previous and current mental health issues, significant sources of stress, burnout, and substance use among medical students in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Method:

We conducted an online survey to collect data on demographics, sources of stress, mental health problems, burnout, and substance use in 385 medical students from the UAE University. We used the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI), the General Health Questionnaire 12 (GHQ-12), and the CAGE questionnaire.

Results:

Our results indicated that 5.7% of participants had been diagnosed with a mental health condition prior to joining medical school, and that 21.6% of participants were diagnosed with a mental illness while in medical school. On the OLBI, 77.4% screened positive for burnout (81.3% for disengagement and 95.1% for exhaustion), with 74.5% screening positive for mental health difficulties on the GHQ-12 and <1% screening positive on the CAGE for problem drinking. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between scores on the OLBI and the GHQ-12.

Conclusions:

Our study indicated that high levels of stress, burnout and mental illness are experienced among medical students in the UAE.
A Critical Review of Dental Lithia-Based Glass–Ceramics
Authors: Zhang Y. , Vardhaman S. , Rodrigues C.S. , Lawn B.R.
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this article is to review current understanding of lithia-based glass–ceramics and to identify future research needs for this class of dental materials in relation to novel compositions and fabrication methods. With rapid advances in material development and digital technology, time efficiency of dental workflow and fit accuracy of ceramic restorations are ever improving. Lithia-based glass–ceramics are at the forefront of this advance—new variants with more efficient fabrication routes are continually being introduced into the marketplace. Base glass composition, crystallization heat treatment, nucleant and coloration additives, and property gradation are some pertinent variables. The trend in fabrication is to move from CAD/CAM grinding of partially crystallized glass–ceramics to fully crystallized materials, thereby circumventing the need for postmachining firing altogether. In these endeavors, a better understanding of mechanical properties and evolving shaping technologies, such as ductile grinding, is paramount. Additive manufacturing and 3-dimensional printing methodologies offer a promising alternative to current CAD/CAM subtractive manufacturing routes. Challenges to the implementation of new technologies in efficient development and production of high-quality dental glass–ceramic prostheses are addressed.
Retail Drug Trade, Effects on Neighbourhoods, and Sellers’ Navigational Strategies: Accounts of Nigerian Dealers
Authors: Nelson Ediomo-Ubong E. , Onayemi Olayinka M.
Published: January 2023

Studies have examined the negative effects of drug markets on neighbourhoods. But few explore the views of drug sellers. Drawing on 31 in-depth interviews with Nigerian retail drug sellers, we explore why they sell drugs, the effects of drug markets on neighbourhoods, and how they navigate social and legal problems. The participants sold drugs as a means of livelihood in the context of poverty and economic decline. Drug market activities were seen as nuisance, and as fostering crime and violence in neighbourhoods. These views stirred opposition from residents and led to police raids on drug scenes. Drug sellers navigated policing and opposition by concealing drug trade, selling covertly and reducing nuisance among other strategies. We argue that retail drug trade is shaped by the imperatives of survival in the context of poverty. Providing alternative means of livelihood for drug sellers offers potential to curb drug selling and related problems.
Adaptation of a Self-Regulated Practice Behavior Scale for Chinese Music Majors
Authors: Zhang Chunxiao , Kwan Joyce Lok Yin , Leung Bo-Wah
Published: January 2023

In this study, we evaluated the validity and reliability of a Chinese adaptation of the Self-Regulated Practice Behavior (SRPB) scale developed by Miksza. Tasks included supplementing, altering, and translating items to create a viable adaptation for Chinese music majors and evaluating the construct validity and reliability of the Chinese-adapted Self-Regulated Practice Behavior (C-SRPB) scale. Confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) were used to analyze responses provided by Chinese music majors ( N = 880) from various music conservatories and universities. Results indicated that an adjusted six-factor ESEM model was the best fit to the data. Internal consistency reliability coefficients for the subscales ranged from good to excellent (αs = .77–.86). Significant correlations between six subscales of C-SRPB and practice habits (i.e., daily duration, self-rated efficiency, and percentage of time spent on informal practice) provided criterion validity evidence. Overall, the findings suggested that the C-SRPB is a valid and reliable tool for measuring the self-regulated music practice of music majors in China. The results also suggest that music majors’ understanding of self-regulated practice vary according to individualistic and collectivist culture contexts.
The Moderation Effects of Self-Construal Between Dispositional Mindfulness and Interpersonal Forgiveness
Authors: Zhang Xue , Li Haijiang
Published: January 2023

Previous studies found an association between mindfulness and forgiveness. However, the effects of self-construal on this association are still unclear. In the present study, self-reported forgiveness and a behavioral measure of forgiveness were used to explore the moderating effect of self-construal plays between mindfulness and forgiveness among 126 participants recruited based on their mindfulness scores. Results showed that participants with high level of mindfulness in the interdependent self-construal condition reported greater forgiveness and gave more money donations towards transgressors than those in the independent self-construal condition, while there is no significant difference between interdependent and independent self-construal groups among participants with low level of mindfulness. These findings suggest that self-construal moderates the relationship between mindfulness and interpersonal forgiveness.
A novel test method of load-bearing performance of sized warp yarn based on weaving load simulation and its effectiveness
Authors: Guo Min , Wang Jingan , Gao Weidong
Published: January 2023

To simulate the weaving process effectively and evaluate the load-bearing performance of sized warp yarn based on the tensile and friction loads of warp in weaving, a weaving load simulation tester of sized warp yarn (SWL) named JN-01 was designed and developed in this paper. It realized the simulation of warp tension, opening tensile load, and abrasion load, respectively. In addition, the SWL included three auxiliary function modules, that is, take-up and let-off, yarn breaking automatic stop, and human–computer interaction interface. The load-bearing life of sized warp yarn was measured by the number of load cycles when the yarn broke. Taking pure cotton sized warp yarn of 14.5 tex as the test sample, the effects of adjustable parameters of the SWL, such as working frequency, opening stroke, yarn tension, reed swing angle, and winding speed, on the load-bearing performance of sized warp yarn were systematically studied. Aiming at the stability of the test results of load-bearing life, the parameters of the SWL were optimized by the analysis of response surface methodology. The optimization results showed that: when the parameters were maintained at the following level, that is, working frequency of 180 rpm, winding speed of 3 mm/min, opening stroke of 32 mm, reed swing angle of 12° and yarn tension of 1.7 cN/tex, the relative deviation between the predicted value and the theoretical value of load-bearing life CV was 0.85%. The results also indicated that the optimized instrument parameters had good reproducibility.
An ultrasound-assisted nitrogen protection system for sustainable indigo dyeing of cotton fabrics
Authors: Wang Kangkang , Meng Yuchen , Luo Qingliang , Wang Liming , Wang Rongwu , Qin Xiaohong
Published: January 2023

The traditional process of denim dyeing is highly environmentally damaging due to high temperature used for reduction and dyeing as well as the heavy use of sodium dithionite. It can be efficient if dyeing can be carried out with an environmental reducing agent under nitrogen protection or if the liquor ratio can be reduced. However, at such a low liquor ratio, dye molecules form agglomerates, which results in inefficient dye-uptake and uneven dyeing. This study investigated the possibility of applying ultrasound in conjunction with nitrogen protection to the dyeing of cotton fabrics with indigo reduced by the reducing agent DK. Comparing the reducing agent DK with the other reducing agents, it was found that reducing agent DK had stronger reducing and better properties for indigo dyed fabrics. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of nitrogen protection and ultrasound prevented the early oxidation and agglomeration of the leuco-indigo. It was evident that there was an increased contact area between the leuco-indigo and the cotton fiber, as well as a decrease in the crystallinity of the cellulose macromolecules. And the increased amorphous region of the cellulose macromolecules facilitated indigo-leuco’s penetration into the fiber, resulting in enhanced dyeing depths and uniformity. In addition, orthogonal experiments and gray clustering analysis were utilized to optimize the dyeing process. As a result of the optimized dyeing process, the K/ S and S values of dyed denim fabric reached 16.70 and 0.12, respectively, which was 42% and 72% higher than the traditional sodium dithionite dyeing process. It was found that the dyeing liquid was more susceptible to biological and chemical degradation. In addition, the total economic costs were reduced by 11.702%. It is conceivable that eco-friendly dyeing strategies presented here have superior dyeing properties which can significantly enhance the sustainability of denim dyeing processes.
Integrated sliding mode intelligent fractional-order backstepping control of warp tension based on fixed-time extended state observer
Authors: Fu Maowen , Shen Danfeng , Zhao Gang , Shang Guofei , Bai Shunwei , Li Xufeng , Hao Zumao
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study is to develop an integral sliding mode intelligent fractional-order backstepping controller based on a fixed-time extended state observer (ISMIFOBC-ESO) to control warp tension. First, the time-varying mathematical model of the let-off system was studied and converted into the state equation. Due to the parameter uncertainty and healed motion of the let-off system, the total external disturbance of the system is unknown. We designed a fixed-time extended state observer to deal with this situation, the estimated total interference is updated into the control algorithm in real time to reduce the tracking error. The nonlinear integral sliding surface is designed and integrated into the backstepping control to ensure the finite time convergence and stability of the algorithm. The fractional-order theory with more degrees of freedom is introduced further to enhance the control accuracy and robustness of the algorithm, the stability is proved by the Lyapunov theorem and the control law is designed. The simulation experiment verifies the effectiveness of the designed scheme compared with the other two controllers in the case of sinusoidal-like signals and step signals.
Anxiety and political action in times of the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Zevnik Andreja
Published: January 2023

Since the beginning of the global Covid-19 pandemic in the spring of 2020 countries across the world have implemented various measures to contain the virus. They have restricted public gatherings, mobility and congregation of people at homes and in public places. These restrictions however did not stop another chain of events – the global Black Lives Matter (BLM) protests. In the summer of 2020 people across the globe mobilised to protest the police killing of George Floyd. In the UK the protest for Black Lives took place in all major cities, but they also continued weekly in smaller communities by ‘taking the knee’. What interests me in this contribution is how anxieties experienced during the global pandemic contributed to the mobilisation of large-scale political actions for racial justice and how might we consider anxiety as a mobilising force in political space in times of global pandemic in particular in the context of anti-racist protests such as BLM. This forum contribution opens by considering how global pandemic aided conditions for political action for racial justice, before discussing the role of anxiety in political mobilising. Here I first detailed how anxiety is understood in Lacanian psychoanalysis before considering what it tells us about the BLM protests for racial justice and specifically the removal of the Colston statue during the Bristol protest on June 7 2020.
Disaster Planning Intentions of Tourism Accommodation Managers: Understanding the Influence of Past Disaster Experience and Disaster Management Training
Authors: Sahadev Sunil , Malhotra Neeru , Kannangara Lakmini N. , Ritchie Brent W.
Published: January 2023

Tourism is one of the most vulnerable industries to disasters, and empirical studies on disaster preparedness have been surprisingly sparse. Drawing on the theory of planned behavior, this study sheds light on the unexplored mediating role of strategic decision-makers’ (SDMs) disaster cognition along with their attitude to explicate how and why learning influences disaster planning. Hypotheses were tested using two-phase survey data collected from 301 SDMs of Sri Lankan accommodation establishments. Clarifying previous inconsistent findings regarding the role of learning, this study demonstrated that training and past disaster experience indirectly influenced SDMs’ planning intentions via their disaster cognition and attitude toward disaster planning. In this regard, past experience was found to regulate the relationship of training with both cognition and attitude, implying that disaster training programs may be more influential for encouraging disaster planning intentions of lesser experienced SDMs by stimulating their disaster cognition and attitude.
A Model for Brand Personality Word Embedding: Identifying UNESCO World Heritage Personality Categories
Authors: Hassan Mohamed Abdalla Elsayed , Zerva Konstantina , Aulet Silvia
Published: January 2023

Despite having received considerable academic attention, existing brand personality (BP) scales are difficult to generalize and likely need further development. The aim of this study was to design a novel method for constructing context driven-BP categories through the use of a multi-disciplinary approach and advances in personality studies in psychology and natural language processing. Based on a textual analysis that relies on devising hypotheses of psycholexical representation and the distributed representation of words, the aforementioned method was employed to explore World Heritage Site (WHS) personalities using information from all 1,121 UNESCO World Heritage Sites (WHSs) and 9,920 user-generated reviews on TripAdvisor. The study identified a 192-item WHS personality dictionary organized into five clusters: Exceptionality; Attractiveness; Identification; Responsibility; and Prominence. These categories could be employed to measure other tourism attractions. The results show that UNESCO strongly associates WHSs with the attributes of Attractiveness and Identification.
Attitudes Toward Heterosexual and Lesbian Stepmothers: An Experimental Test in the Italian Context
Authors: Di Battista Silvia , Pivetti Monica , Salvati Marco
Published: January 2023

This experimental study examines attitudes toward stepmothers in the Italian context and predicts that negative attitudes towards heterosexual and lesbian stepmothers – compared to heterosexual biological mothers – would be higher at higher levels of gender role stereotypes. One hundred and eighty-nine Italian participants completed an online questionnaire in which they read one of three vignettes regarding a mother – (1) heterosexual biological mother; (2) heterosexual stepmother; (3) lesbian stepmother – and her child who was misbehaving. Then, participants responded to measures that assess their gender role beliefs and their beliefs concerning the mother and the child described in the vignette. Results of moderation analyses indicated that the lesbian and heterosexual stepmothers were perceived as being less competent parents, with fewer positive traits and more responsible for the child’s misbehaviour as compared to the heterosexual biological mother among participants with medium and high levels of gender role stereotypes.