bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gawe Mensajiq: Socio-Religious Values and the Preservation of the Tradition
Authors: Ningsih Ayu Sadana Prihatin , Deviana Mayasari  , Zedi Muttaqin  , Malami Muhammad Garba  , Ravindra Ashok Jadhav
Published: November 2024

Socio-religious values in a tradition play an important role in people's lives providing insight into the impact of globalization on cultural values in society. Although the existing literature mostly discusses various socio-cultural values in Indonesia, this article specifically focuses on the socio-religious values embedded in the gawe mensajiq tradition which is celebrated in the bale beleq (traditional house) geding kedaton by the people of Sukadana Village, Terara District, East Lombok Regency, and how this tradition is preserved.   Using qualitative approach, this study was conducted in Sukadana Village, Terara District, East Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews and documentation. There are five informants involved in this study, consisting of two bale beleq traditional leaders, another two religious leaders, and a number of members of the local community. The results showed the identification of socio-religious values in the celebration of the gawe mensajiq tradition in the geding kedaton traditional house accompanied by an analysis of its development in the digital era and efforts to preserve this cultural heritage. Some of the socio-religious values inherent in the mensajiq tradition include piety, ethics and morality, purity, cooperation, material values, communal spirit, fostering relationships, tolerance, honor and responsibility. The tradition of gawe mensajiq in the Sukadana Village community has become a cultural practice that is rooted and embraced by residents. This tradition is considered a heritage that has been passed down from generation to generation thus fostering pride in the Sukadana community. The people of Sukadana consider gawe mensajiq to have positive values thus motivating them to continue to preserve this cultural tradition.
A META LEVEL ARCHITECTURE FOR WORKFLOW MANAGEMENT
Authors: Beckstein C. , Klausner J.
Published: November 2024

Current workflow management systems still lack some important features, esp. intelligent failure handling mechanisms. This is due to the static and only implicitly defined meta model of these systems. We argue that intelligent failure handling needs semantically enriched workflow models. We, therefore, propose a meta level architecture for WFMSs providing an explicit and dynamic meta model. This complex architecture is supported by an intelligent assistant based on established AI techniques. The system uses a plan representation for workflow models. With this representation the system is not only able to do intelligent failure handling, but can also support the workflow modelling and execution processes.
FLEXIBLE INTEGRATION OF PETRI NET BASED PROCESS DESCRIPTION WITH	USER-SPECIFIC DATA DESCRIPTIONS
Authors: Gruhn Volker , Lembke Sabine
Published: November 2024

Petri nets are a powerful formalism to describe processes, including the parallelism of activities with these processes. This experience is underpinned by various approaches to software pro-cess modelling and business process engineering. These kinds of processes focus on the creation and/or manipulation of certain types of information. In order to describe these underlying types, data modelling techniques are used. These vary from entity-relationship modelling to different kinds of object-oriented modelling techniques. The integration of processual aspects, data as-pects and organizational aspects results in models of software processes and business processes which are expressive, which can be analyzed thoroughly and which, finally, can be used for enactment purposes, i.e. they can be used for driving real processes forward. The process modelling experience of the last decade shows that different users prefer different techniques for expressing the data aspects and the organizational aspects of process models. That is where the PARFUN approach comes into play. The objective of the PARFUN approach is to describe the processual aspects using Petri nets and to allow an easy plugging in of several kinds of data and organizational models.
EMPLOYEE INCENTIVE MECHANISM DESIGN FOR TECHNOLOGY FIRMS
Authors: Erbas Bahar Celikkol , Erbas Cengiz
Published: November 2024

This paper outlines an approach to analyze employee incentive mechanisms for technology firms. Today, technology firms employ some common incentive mechanisms, such as profit sharing, stock options and performance bonus plans. The primary objective of these incentive mechanisms is to align the employee performance awards with the strategic direction of the firm. However, when not designed properly, an incentive mechanism can promote the free-rider phenomena, or promote operations aligned not necessarily with the organizational goals. The paper introduces relevant concepts from the field of economics to understand the nature of the problem that managers are facing in formulating effective incentive mechanisms. It presents a game-theoretic approach (from the field of Economics) supported with a graph-theoretic representation (from the field of Computer Science), and models the organization as strategic interactions of employees having different and conflicting objectives. This paper presents an introductory version of our work, and targets an interdisciplinary audience.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSCIOUS DESIGN: AN INTRODUCTION TO EDST
Authors: Yu S. Y. , Zhang H-C. , Ertas A.
Published: November 2024

Industrial companies are facing more pressure to improve the recyclability performance of their new designed products. The concept of Environmental Conscious Design (ECD) has been adopted to assist more concerning about the environmental impact of the products at the early stage of designing. This new trend requires that the design strategy should be modified to integrate environmental constraints. This paper develops an Environmental Design Support Tool (EDST) to help designers improve their product in aspect of the environment. The proposed EDST is capable of evaluating the new designed product in terms of environmental sustainability, i.e., material selection, recyclability evaluation, and disassemblability analyses.
ROADWAY LIGHTING DESIGN METHODOLOGY AND EVALUATION
Authors: Cuvalci Olkan , Ertas Bugra
Published: November 2024

Theoretical methods are usually performed for ideal conditions to determine the illuminance and luminance but other design limitations should be considered in the real world. Also the visibility level is calculated by using background and target luminance under ideal conditions. In reality, there are many factors, which are very difficult to predict and include in lighting design equation. Human eye is also a complex device it is difficult to accurately design an outdoor illumination system just simply based on numerous theoretical assumptions. RP-8 is using for theoretical calculation of light distribution on pavement. This calculation method needs to include some correction constant for parameters such as pavement is not level, maintenance for cleaning, aging lamps lamp reflector and refractor is not centered, lamp is off center and tilted, pole is not vertical to the pavement, voltage fluctuation, photodetectors response, ambient temperature factors, reliability of illuminaires, roads crowned, and superelevation.
A CUTTER MOTION SIMULATION SYSTEM
Authors: Crossman Jacob A. , Yoon David H.
Published: November 2024

This paper discusses a simulation system for verifying 3-Axis NC tool paths generated by generic APT-like cutters. The system consists of five components a parametric surface converter that converts model parametric surfaces to z-map representation, a tool-path generator, a generic APT-like cutter model, an intermediate surface and an animator/simulator. The end result is a system that can take as input a CAD model surface, generate the tool path(s) necessary to cut the model surface from some stock material and verify the paths correctness and provide other state information. The system itself is implemented in OpenGL for the Windows 95/98/NT operating systems. The simulator has been fully implemented while work is still being done on the tool-path generation and model surface conversion at the time of this writing. Novel aspects of this project include the use of OpenGL (the standard and most portable 3-D graphics library available today) and the use of a generic APT-like cutter.
DESIGN AS THE DISCOVERY OF A MATHEMATICAL THEOREM WHAT DESIGNERS	SHOULD KNOW ABOUT THE ART OF MATHEMATICS
Authors: Wupper H.
Published: November 2024

This paper tries to contribute to the understanding of the essence of rational systems design and verification. Information technologists and teachers and students of computer science may find the concepts presented here helpful to disentangle complex achievements of computer science and re-use their constituents in other contexts, but also to view their own activities in the light of other disciplines. First a consistent set of notions and a diagram and a formula are introduced, with respect to which important aspects of a rational design process can be understood, together with a proposal for a consistent terminology. Subsequently, formal definitions are provided for basic concepts of formal methods and a mathematical foundation for our formula. They shall illustrate that the rôle of mathematics in development and verification is not limited to useful calculations: Ideally, designing is a creative mathematical activity, which comprises finding a theorem, if necessary strengthening its assumptions until it can be proven. Although for good reasons most systems are designed without use of formal methods it may be a source of useful insight to understand all design as an approximation of such a mathematical activity. This leads amongst others to a taxonomy of design decisions and of fault tolerance. And it may help to relate paradigms, theories, methods, languages, and tools from different areas of computer science to each other to make optimal use of them.
SEMANTIC INTEGRATION OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS DESIGN DATA IN AN	INDUSTRIAL SETTING
Authors: Jones David H.
Published: November 2024

Companies with complex, safety-critical products aircraft, power plants, automobiles, satellites, and spacecraft increasingly use computer-based models to design, analyze, and simulate the product. While model-based development has numerous, well documented benefits, the current practice has spawned significant new problems: large quantities of model data are locked in tool-proprietary representations, preventing efficient processes, limiting the choice of best-of-breed tools, and engendering inconsistent data. The paper describes an applied research prototype whose goal is to demonstrate effective data sharing between processes and tools used in designing commercial airplane systems. The prototype makes use of selected data interchange standards and repository technology to interchange data across two engineering specialty areas functional analysis and reliability analysis. The underlying issue described in this paper is the resolution of semantic heterogeneity of multi-disciplinary systems design data.
BUILDING WORKFLOW FOR COLLABORATION TASK USING MUTI-CONTEXT	MAP
Authors: Kumagai Satoshi , Hasegawa Akiko , Kawabata Ryo , Itoh Kiyoshi
Published: November 2024

Collaboration task is a process which involves diversified individual and/ or organizations. Naturally, each participant in the process has different roles or perspectives in the process, while sharing a common goal. Diversity of those roles or perspectives provides various contexts in the collaboration task. In other words, a collaboration task can be regarded as a collection of contexts. Each contexts switches one after another among the participants according to the differences of their perspectives. Specifying workflow which directs efforts of each participant is effective way to leverage their complementary skills and resources. In order to facilitate building the workflow, Multi-Context Map (MCM) and its construction process are presented. MCM can specify both information and material flows of the workflow. The construction process enables an incremental building of workflow.
Validation of Product and Process Design by the Use of a New Rapid	Tooling Process
Authors: Pérès François , Mofakhami Arthur
Published: November 2024

We propose in the paper a process, based on the use of a high velocity, electric arc metal spray thoroughly atomized on a master model in order to make a shell. The mold is realized by placing the sprayed alloy into a frame and reinforcing it with appropriate material. The first part of the paper presents briefly the main rapid prototyping and tooling techniques used in industry. We then describe the tool/moldmaking method which is a process to reproduce shapes very accurately. Given any model, a metal shell can be build up around it to desired thickness. We describe and comment the tasks leading to the shell making. The realization of the mold itself is also presented. In most cases, the spray alloy shell must be reinforced with backup. We expose the application fields of this new technique especially in terms of product and process validation. We focus on the natural links with stereolithography. By comparison with conventional processes, we show how fabrication time and costs are dramatically reduced by integration of this new moldmaking method. Finally, we present the limits of the technique and the perspective of work and further research.
TOWARDS A UNIFIED DESCRIPTION OF PRODUCT RELATED PROCESSES
Authors: van der Vegte Wilhelm F. (Wilfred) , Vergeest Joris S.M. , Horváth Imre
Published: November 2024

To increase the effectiveness of computer support in development and production of durable industrial products (artifacts), three problems still need to be solved: (a) integration of aspect models used in artifact development, (b) integration of the aspect models used in process planning and process representations, (c) integration of (a) and (b). This seems to be difficult, since different application fields, representation techniques and information contents have to be combined. It means that instead of the pure artifact and process models, we have to develop artifact-process models. This article focuses on the integration of four kinds of typical life-cycle processes: (1) design (mental creation processes), (2) producing (physical creation processes), (3) operation processes (internal behavioral processes), and (4) use processes (external behavioral processes). In order to achieve a sufficiently high level of formalization in the computer-mediated handling of various processes, this article introduces a set-theory based representation. This representation makes it possible to stereotype the observed or forecasted processes, largely independent of their content. The applicability of the approach in real-life cases is demonstrated by three examples. Further research is oriented to the integration of process modeling with artifact modeling, as well as application to more complex cases.
ENGINEERING PROCESSES - ON AN APPROACH TO REALIZE A DYNAMIC	PROCESS CONTROL
Authors: Endig Martin , Jesko Dirk
Published: November 2024

The application of modern concepts and methods from information technology gains impor-tance for the execution of product development processes. Presently, the execution of such processes is supported by different specialized software systems. A flexible company-wide use of such tools is achieved by their provision within specific development environments. A result is the demand for an integration concept for heterogeneous software systems which also considers design documents and especially design processes. In the first part of this arti-cle we will present our approach for a Process-Centered Engineering Environment. A central component within the environment is responsible for the management of the design processes, i.e. modeling, enactment, etc. One necessary aspect that has to be realized by this component is the tracing of process states. Statecharts provide a suitable basis for the specification of these states even for complex processes. The second part of the article describes an adopted version of statecharts focusing on processes. Design processes are characterized by a certain unpredictability. Therefore, the environment has to provide means for changing processes at runtime. The last part of the article discusses this aspect based on an INSERT-operation.
ATTRIBUTE-BASED DESIGN DESCRIPTION SYSTEM IN DESIGN FOR	MANUFACTURABILITY AND ASSEMBLY
Authors: Paluri Srinivas , Gershenson John K.
Published: November 2024

Present computer-aided design (CAD) systems, intentionally developed as detail oriented designing tools, do not fully support the activities at the early stage of product development. CAD systems, which require a detailed level of design, prohibit the creative and free expression of a design idea. The solution to the limitations of present CAD systems is to fully utilize the graphical ability of current computer systems to represent a design with an easily understood design description in the conceptual design stage. We have developed a computerized product development tool to support designing activities in the conceptual design phase. The attribute-based design description system (ADDS) is a feature-based system that incorporates life-cycle engineering analysis and solid modeling to form an integrated CAD system. It provides a simple design representation interface and assembly modeling, evaluates the design for life-cycle engineering issues, and exports the design to AutoCAD as a solid model with flexible information input requirements. The research thus provides a starting point to the development of CAD systems that support productivity in the conceptual design stage. ADDS has been validated by describing three different design examples of power transmission systems in ADDS and exporting them to AutoCAD. This paper examines the benefits of applying a specification driven approach and presents a framework for environments that can support the related design activities. The Design Analysis and Simulation Environment (DASE) based upon this framework has been successfully implemented through a joint initiative between Bell Canada and McGill University.
ON LOAD SHARING IN DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS: A NOVEL APPROACH
Authors: Hura Gurdeep S. , Mohan Sheeja , Srikanthan T.
Published: November 2024

This paper presents a quantitative analysis of an efficient load sharing scheme namely "Dual Layered Load Sharing Scheme (DLLS)" which is highly suitable for large scale distributed systems. The scheme is based on partitioning the system into "independent" clusters called partitions. Load sharing is accomplished at two levels i.e., one within the partition and the other across the partitions. Load sharing within the partition is performed by a variant of a flexible load-sharing algorithm, EFLS, while a utilization rate of partitions is used for the load sharing across the partitions. The primary benefits of decomposing the systems into partitions are better allocations of the tasks to the neighbouring nodes and scalability. The quantitative analysis provides both performance and efficiency measures. NEST simulation tool was used for the implementation and analysis of our DLLS scheme. A detailed comparative study shows a considerable improvement of DLLS over the EFLS under congested communication resources. In particular, it was observed that DLLS achieved a high percentage of close allocation of about 95%, a hit ratio of about 97% and system response time on the average75%.
A RAPID PROTOTYPING APPROACH FOR THE DESIGN OF EXTENSIBLE	IN-VEHICLE TELEMATICS SYSTEMS
Authors: Reilly D. , Bendiab A. Taleb
Published: November 2024

In view of the sharp uptake of mobile computing and communications technologies, many hardware and software vendors and telecommunication services providers [IBM & Motorola], [Sun Microsystems], [NEWSBYTES] have developed keen interests in the deployment of these technologies in vehicles as so-called In-Vehicle Telematics Systems (IVTS). Design is recognised as a vital discipline to envision innovative applications of new and existing technologies in new products and services that are fit for purpose, aesthetically appealing and delivered on time and to cost. Characterized by their component-based and hybrid systems nature – the rapid development of in-vehicle telematics systems requires a seamless and integrated design approach that supports multidisciplinary design teams. This paper considers the rapid prototyping process for the development of IVTS. The paper describes an Integrated Design Environment developed out of the FRETSET project [FRETSET] to assist in IVTS prototyping and demonstrates its application to an industrial case study.
HARNESSING COMPLEXITY IN DESIGN
Authors: Maxwell Timothy T. , Ertas Atila , Tanik M.M.
Published: November 2024

Large scale design problems involve complex systems. The complexity arises from the nature of the large interconnected systems and is escalated by the background, personal characteristics, and perspectives of the individuals working on the design team. It is important for designers to understand complexity and how complexity affects the understanding and prediction of system behavior. It is even more important to manage the complexity such that it does not overwhelm the design effort and prevent the development of effective solutions. This paper presents an overview of complexity, discusses how complexity can increase almost with out bound, and suggests ways to control the impact of complexity on design processes.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A COMPONENTISED IDL COMPILER
Authors: Chitra A. , Sadasivam G. Sudha
Published: November 2024

An interface definition language (IDL) is a traditional language describing the interfaces between the components. IDL compilers generate stubs that provide communicating processes with the abstraction of local object invocation or procedure call. Typical IDL compilers are limited to a single IDL and target language, but the proposed IDL compiler is based on the insight that IDLs are true languages amenable to modern compilation techniques. Through the support of intermediate language representation called as Abstract Object Interface (AOI), our compiler can support multiple IDLs and target languages. Given an IDL (for example CORBA) the IDL compiler can generate stubs and skeletons for different target languages like Java and C++ and for different distributed object technologies like Remote Method Invocation/ Java Remote Method Protocol (RMI/JRMP), RMI/Internet Interoperable Protocol (RMI/IIOP) and Common Object Request Architecture (CORBA/IIOP). Further, interoperability can be achieved between them using a single compiler.
A RELATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE INTEGRATION OF SPECIFICATIONS
Authors: Boiten Eerke , Derrick John
Published: November 2024

We describe a framework for viewpoint specification using formal specification languages. In order to establish consistency and to further develop specifications, specifications need to be integrated ("unified"). This integration is not defined in terms of their semantics, but more abstractly in terms of, so-called, development relations, which represent acceptable "developments" (e.g., refinements) of each of the viewpoint specifications. The framework is motivated by its instantiations with a number of specification languages (e.g., LOTOS and Z) and different development relations.
DEPLOYING MOBILE AND INTELLIGENT AGENTS IN INTERCONNECTED	E-MARKETPLACES
Authors: Kowalczyk Ryszard , Braun Peter , Mueller Ingo , Rossak Wilhelm , Franczyk Bogdan , Speck Andreas
Published: November 2024

The business trends to trade more complex goods and services in inter-connected e-marketplaces and to use mobile communication channels drive the requirements for the next generation of e-marketplaces including more advanced trading, mobile access and user support capabilities. This paper presents an attempt to address the above requirements by proposing an intelligent mobile agent-based e-marketplace solution called InterMarket that integrates mobile agents and intelligent decision-making agents in e-marketplaces. InterMarket aims at enabling mobile access and automated trading in inter-connected e-marketplaces with an add-on component to an existing commercial e-marketplace platform. The paper presents a general concept and solution of InterMarket, and discusses the proposed approach in the context of related research in mobile e-commerce agents and intelligent agent-mediated e-commerce.
INTEGRATED DIAGRAMMATIC REPRESENTATIONS FOR DATA DESIGN IN	COLLABORATIVE PROCESSES
Authors: Kamimura Manabu , Inoue Kiyofumi , Hasegawa Akiko , Kawabata Ryo , Kumagai Satoshi , Itoh Kiyoshi
Published: November 2024

To make business processes work effectively, it is critical for workers to communicate and collaborate with each other. Especially, when designing supporting systems for collaborative processes, the business experts and the professional systems designer have to communicate effectively, though they have different viewpoints to the system. Business experts prefer capturing general view of the entire system. On the other hand, system designers require detailed information without ambiguity. This fact sometimes results in communication problems. To solve this problem we propose to integrate the methods developed for each of them to facilitate the design process. We introduce two methods, IDEF0 and Multi-Context Map (MCM). Both methods are designed to analyze collaborative processes and produce function models, though the target user is quite different. IDEF0 is a simple and a flexible method, and is mainly used as a communication tools among collaborators who are not familiar with complex notations, such as business experts. On the other hand, MCM produces a precise description, and is for professional system designers and engineers, who require detailed information without ambiguity. MCM has richer syntax and defines the collaboration tasks in detail. MCM is powerful when formalizing complex requirements, though some collaborators may prefer simple methods they are used to, such as IDEF0, to MCM. To support the exchange of information between MCM and IDEF0, we develop a bi-directional converter between them. In this paper, we propose two methods of designing E-R models that is useful for database design between business experts and professional system engineers. In many cases, the process of designing databases still relies on professional system engineer's intuition. This fact sometimes causes the information among business experts not to be captured properly in the requirements because of the communication problems between business experts and professional systems engineers. Our methods facilitate the process of sharing information between them, and enable the designer to reflect the information properly in the requirements. One of the methods is extracting E-R models from well-disciplined IDEF0 diagrams to facilitate business experts in designing databases, and the other is from both MCM and CLM, which enable the systems designer to capture detailed data structure of the databases. The function models enable the designers to define the scope of the system effectively, which is very difficult by using only the data models. We conclude our paper by evaluating our methods.
CHANGE-MERGING OF PSDL ABSTRACT DATA TYPES
Authors: Dampier David A. , Chadha Vineet
Published: November 2024

Software development as an enterprise is at a critical place in history. We are now developing needs for software faster than we can develop solutions. The future of software engineering is in providing computer-aided tools for automating as much of the evolution process as possible, so we can hope to meet the software needs of the future. Our argument is that software should not be built and then maintained, but should be evolved, from the first requirements analysis, to system retirement. If we build software for evolution, it is generally easier to make changes to that software, whether they are corrective, adaptive, or perfective. This paper outlines a method of applying changes to abstract types that extends a previous change-merging method for executable prototypes written in the Prototype System Description Language (PSDL). PSDL prototypes consist of a set of operators and a set of abstract data types. Previous work focused on merging changes to PSDL prototypes consisting of only operators. Our current work is aimed at providing a model for merging changes to PSDL types as well, thus completing the change merging method for complete prototypes. The model outlined in this paper reflects our latest results in this endeavor.
GETTING 'WHOLE PICTURE' BEHAVIOR IN A USE	CASE MODEL
Authors: Plasil Frantisek , Mencl Vladimir
Published: November 2024

Although widely used, traditional use case modeling does not provide explicit means which could be easily used for capturing and testing behavior compliance of the entities involved in a particular use case model. Specifically, a use case model (a set of use cases) related to a system under design provides neither an explicit abstraction to capture the "whole picture" of the behavior of the system, nor to cover the interactions of subsystems and internal actors with the parent system. With the aim to allow for reasoning on the behavior, the paper introduces a simple formal model Generic UC View which identifies important abstractions and the relations upon them which target the goal. Among them, the concept of use case expression is the base for the desired reasoning on whether the behavior of an entity (such as an agent, a subsystem or a software component) complies with the composed behavior of its sub-entities, and the behavior on the communication links of two neighboring entities is compliant. As a proof of the concept, an instance of use case expressions, pro-cases is introduced. Based on behavior protocols, pro-cases can be checked for compliance via an already existing verifier. As pro-cases' syntax is simple, resembling regular-expressions, there are simple guidelines for transforming a use case written in classical textual form (based on a template) into a pro-case.
SERVICE COMPONENT: A MECHANISM FOR WEB SERVICE COMPOSITION REUSE	AND SPECIALIZATION
Authors: Orriëns Bart , Yang Jian , Papazoglou Mike P.
Published: November 2024

Web services are becoming the dominant paradigm for distributed computing and electronic business. This has raised the opportunity for service providers and application developers to create value added services by combining web services. Several web service composition solutions have been proposed, e.g. WSFL and BPEL4WS. However, none of the existing solutions addresses the issue of service composition reuse and specialization, i.e. how applications can be built upon existing simple or composite services by reuse, restriction or extension. In this article we propose the concept of Service Component that packages together elementary or complex services and provides composition logic and semantics. Within the framework of Service Components we examine different aspects of composition reuse and specialization. A specification for web component reuse and specialization is provided, and possible solutions to support this specification are presented. To demonstrate our framework we provide an overview of ServiceCom, the tool that implements the Service Component concept, supporting reusable web service composition specification, combination, and execution.
KNIGHTS AND DRAGON - ANIMATING UCB MOTES TOWARD PERVASIVE	COMPUTING ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Ramparany Fano , Chioiu Alfred , Boissier Olivier , Carabelea Cosmin , Rimbert Lionel
Published: November 2024

We report on our first results in integrating multi-agent interactions into UCB motes. This work is part of our efforts to explore the development of pervasive and context-aware environments. We have developed an augmented reality version of the Knights and Dragon game. In this article we introduce the multi-agent paradigm, explain how it could help tackle the challenges associated with creating pervasive and context-aware environment, share the experience acquired while developing the Knights and Dragon application and propose an agenda of further open issues.
ASSESSMENT OF COUPLING AND COHESION FOR COMPONENT-BASED SOFTWARE	BY USING SHANNON LANGUAGES
Authors: Seker R. , van der Merwe A.J. , Kotze P. , Tanik M.M. , Paul R.
Published: November 2024

Component-Based Software (CBS) engineering is envisioned to address the issues related to the increasing size and complexity of software systems. In CBS development, the designer designs systems by using readily available (possibly third party) software components without needing the source code for the components. Lack of source code, in general, renders the classical metrics cumbersome to use, if not useless. Coupling and cohesion aspects of a system/subsystem are the quality attributes that can seriously impact the maintenance, evolution, and reuse. We present an information-theoretic approach based on the notion of Shannon Languages for helping the system designer in the assessment of coupling and cohesion early in the design phase. The proposed methodology is most beneficial for CBS (where the source code is in general absent) however it is applicable in other development methodologies in which the source code for the software components is available.
EVOLUTIONAL SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND ITS TOOL BY EFFECTIVE USE OF	CHART REPRESENTATIONS
Authors: Kawabata Ryo , Senuma Yuji , Maruyama Jun , Itoh Kiyoshi
Published: November 2024

As systems analysis evolves, many kinds of chart representations are described to develop the target system. The characteristics of the chart representations such as viewpoint, components, etc. are different in each other. In system analysis and design, the analysis with several level of detail and with two or more viewpoints is performed to grasp the system correctly. To describe the system, the several chart representations in two or more viewpoints are used. Each chart representation is not described from scratch, but described by using components included in the other chart representations based on an analyst's experience. In order to describe the chart representations efficiently, interrelationships between several chart representations are clarified. By using the interrelationships, the components described in a chart representation can be used in the other chart representation. As one of analysis processes, three kinds of chart representations such as Petri Net, E-R Diagram and SFC (Sequential Function Chart) are used. To extract components effectively, the discipline is introduced in the description of Petri Net.
THE MEANING AND COHERENCE OF PROCESS, ORGANISATION AND PRODUCT IN	ENGINEERING DESIGN
Authors: Pulm Udo , Clarkson John
Published: November 2024

Real design processes show a qualitative discrepancy to planned processes. There is also a large gap between processes and organisation structures. Understanding of product development as a complex social system, with a system theory background, gives insights into this issue. It seems that communication is more important than a controlled and transparent process. A dynamic organisa-tion with self-organising teams seems to be the more appropriate approach for process management in product development. Communication partly takes place via money. We will discuss why money cannot be used as a measure for process quality yet, but how it could be used. The paper also gives an impression how signposting and design structure matrices (DSMs) can contribute to this approach.
"OPEN SESAME" – TOWARDS A NEXT GENERATION TERMINOLOGY	MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Authors: Schnieder Eckehard , Schnieder Lars , Stein Christian
Published: November 2024

The existing diversity of languages for special purposes leads to their their commonly highly complex and thoroughly differentiated terminologies. Getting an overview has become almost impossible without appropriate terminology management systems. Existing terminology management systems cannot effectively accommodate regular changes, updates of or additions to multilingual terminologies. While the deficits are becoming more and more obvious, new perspectives are emerging at the same time. Those new perspectives include the integration of terminology bases, the revelation of partially overlapping domain-specific terminologies as well as an increased accuracy of linguistic modelling. The methodical framework is founded on a solid semiotic basis. Based on this novel trilateral model of a linguistic sign both the interconnectedness of terms within terminologies and the clear separation of domain-specific language use can be achieved. Its semiotic foundation as well as its possible application in an integrative approach to terminology elaboration and terminology use will be introduced in this article.
IMPROVING THE PREDICTION ACCURACY OF SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT COST MODELS
Authors: Gonsalves Tad , Itoh Kiyoshi
Published: November 2024

Software development projects are notorious for being completed behind schedule and over budget and for often failing to meet user requirements. A variety of cost estimation models have been proposed to predict development costs early in the lifecycle with the hope of managing the project well within time and budget. However, studies have reported rather high error rates of prediction even in the case of the well-established and widely acknowledged models. This study focuses on the improvement and fine-tuning of the COCOMO 81 model through the application of the recently developed Swarm Intelligence techniques. Recent studies have used data mining techniques to improve the prediction accuracy of COCOMO 81. Our research reconfirms these studies and makes further improvement in the prediction accuracy. The wrapper data mining method is slow and is heavily dependent on the domain experts' heuristics. The Particle Swarm Optimization (POS) meta-heuristic algorithm is fast converging and relies neither on the knowledge of the problem nor on the experts' heuristics, making its application wide and extensive.
THE INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENT FOR SPECIFYING AND REUSING IDENTICAL	AND DIFFERENT TYPES OF SYSTEMS DIAGRAMS
Authors: Kawabata Ryo , Yagame Tadashi , Itoh Kiyoshi
Published: November 2024

In systems analysis, various diagrams are described for the target system from many view points. In general, these diagrams are described not from scratch but described by reusing the diagrams that are similar to the target system in structure. In the course of systems analysis, the different types of diagrams are described. The diagrams are empirically described by reusing the components and/or the relationships in other types of diagrams described in the previous stage of the analysis. It is required to retrieve a similar diagram from many diagrams described in the past. When the identical diagram is not found, the diagram is described by reusing elements in the different types of diagrams. The authors propose the integrated environment for specifying and reusing identical and different types of diagrams.
SEMANTIC SUPPORT FOR DYNAMIC CHANGES IN ENTERPRISE BUSINESS	MODELS
Authors: Jakimavicius Tomas , Kataria Pavandeep , Juric Radmila
Published: November 2024

This paper proposes the Dynamic Enterprise Business Model (DEBMod) framework, which supports the management of changes within enterprises, affected by various internal and external factors that play an important role in the shaping of their business models. We assess the feasibility of the framework's implementation by designing an intelligent computing environment, built around ontological concepts and reasoning upon them. The semantics stored in DEBMod is transferred into the Dynamic Enterprise Business Model Ontology (DEBMO). Through reasoning rules we assess the possible dynamic change(s) of the business model and give recommendations for its improvement, that show which factors have influenced the model and which factors become essential in retaining the enterprise's sustainable competitive advantage. The implementation of the DEBMO environment is based on an OWL ontology, which uses OWL 2.0 modeling constructs and SWRL reasoning rules. It is feasible to build a full scale software application upon the DEBMO ontological concepts which may fully automate the support of business model changes within any enterprise.
THE EFFECT OF VIBRATIONAL FREQUENCIES ON HUMANS AND THE UNIVERSE:	A TRANSDISCIPLINARY APPROACH RELATED TO SUPERSTRING THEORY
Authors: Naini Majid M. , Naini Joan F.
Published: November 2024

In this paper we present a new transdisciplinary approach to the integration of science and technology in regard to the human body and universe. We have just started to comprehend the true reality of the structures of our universe, planet Earth, and the human mind and body. In superstring theory the final elements of an atom are superstrings, which are microscopically tiny continuously vibrating loops of energy. The way in which the string vibrates in space-time and the geometry of the space-time determine the properties of the elementary particle. The latest scientific research and discoveries validate the undeniable strong effect of vibrational frequencies on the human body, especially the brain. Recent studies by the renowned neuroscientist Dr. Llin's (Chair, Neuroscience & Physiology, N.Y.U. School of Medicine) have shown that abnormal brain rhythms actually explain a variety of medical disorders, including Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, tinnitus, and depression. It is likely that deep brain stimulation, or the implantation of electrodes into particular regions of the brain, works due to changing the abnormal rhythms. Therefore, the transdisciplinary approach to science and technology is necessary for further studies directed towards the recognition and use of vibrational frequencies to treat and cure different disorders in the human body and mind, and in general to develop new technology and tools to achieve desired functions in our planet and universe.
USING CONTEXT INFORMATION FOR STAGED CONFIGURATION OF FEATURE MODELS
Authors: Karataş Ahmet Serkan , Doğru Ali H. , Oğuztüzün Halit , Tolun Mehmet
Published: November 2024

Since their introduction feature models have been widely accepted and used in Software Product Lines. However, feature models may become too large easily, which complicates the management of the model. One of the reasons of complexity arises from the constraints imposed by the context on the product family. In this article we propose a strategy that uses context information for performing staged configurations on feature models. We introduce an organization structure for the context variability model and use this organization to determine the configurations for specification stages. This approach enables the elimination of context-related variability from the feature model, thus results in a reduction in the complexity of the model and enables to focus on the functional features of the product family.
Self-Pluralising Culture Alignment for Large Language Models
Authors: Xu Shaoyang , Leng Yongqi , Yu Linhao , Xiong Deyi
Published: November 2024

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly accessible in many countries, it is essential to align them to serve pluralistic human values across cultures. However, pluralistic culture alignment in LLMs remain an open problem[1]. In this paper, we propose CultureSPA, a Self-Pluralising Culture Alignment framework that allows LLMs to simultaneously align to pluralistic cultures. The framework first generates questions on various culture topics, then yields LLM outputs in response to these generated questions under both culture-aware and culture-unaware settings. By comparing culture-aware/unaware outputs, we are able to detect and collect culture-related instances. These instances are employed to fine-tune LLMs to serve pluralistic cultures in either a culture-joint or culture-specific way. Extensive experiments demonstrate that CultureSPA significantly improves the alignment of LLMs to diverse cultures without compromising general abilities. And further improvements can be achieved if CultureSPA is combined with advanced prompt engineering techniques. Comparisons between culture-joint and culture-specific tuning strategies, along with variations in data quality and quantity, illustrate the robustness of our method. We also explore the mechanisms underlying CultureSPA and the relations between different cultures it reflects.
Waves of Change? Radio announcements and fertility decline
Authors: Jaramillo-Echeverri Juliana
Published: November 2024

Can radio campaigns affect fertility? This paper examines the impact of a national radio campaign promoting family planning clinics in late 1960s Colombia on the country's rapid fertility decline. The campaign, initiated by Profamilia in 1969, provided information about the location of clinics without giving detailed contraceptive information. Using data from the full count 1973 census and information on clinic locations and radio programs, the study leverages exogenous variation in radio signal strength to estimate the campaign's effect on fertility. I follow a difference-in-differences strategy to compare fertility before and after the start of the radio campaign at the individual level. The findings indicate that the radio campaign reduced between 4% to 16% the probability of having a child one year after the campaign. The effects are stronger for women living close to a Profamilia clinic. However, by 1973 motherhood was still almost universal. This research contributes to the understanding of the effects of family planning programs and media exposure on fertility decline, highlighting the role of media in overcoming geographical barriers and driving social change.