bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Autoridad etnográfica : trabajo de campo y producción de conocimientos compartidos
Authors: Escobar Duvan
Published: October 2022

Este artículo busca presentar algunos de los desafíos actuales de la etnografía en América Latina. Se abordan los campos epistemológicos, metodológicos, políticos y experienciales como nodos interconectados que integran el quehacer etnográfico. Se discute un interrogante que ha guiado a los antropólogos en las últimas décadas ¿Qué papel ocupa un etnógrafo en la realidad social a la cual se aproxima? Así, se busca develar la importancia de la producción de conocimientos compartidos entre quienes son llamados «interlocutores» y los investigadores. Además, se plantea que, es posible una investigación que pase por repensar los paradigmas que han guiado la producción del conocimiento académico occidental, abriendo la posibilidad de validar los conocimientos locales a través de un ejercicio intelectual.
The Effect of Emotional Freedom Technique and Deep Breathing Exercise on Reducing Anxiety
Authors:   Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia, Kurniawati Lailaturohmah , Wahyudi Andri Setiya ,   Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia, Sriyono Sriyono ,   Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Published: October 2022

Background: Post-operative cases cause a high level of anxiety. The Emotional Freedom Technique and Deep Breathing Exercise methods are psychological anxiety intervention methods that are innovative and interesting for further research. Aim: The aim was to find out the Effect of Emotional Freedom Technique Therapy and Deep Breathing Exercises to Reduce Anxiety. Methods: The research design was a randomized controlled trial, the literature searching process was specified on the ten years' latest research (2014-2021), selected from several indexed electronic databases (Scopus, Sciencedirect, Proquest, Sage, Ebsco). The Risk of Bias assessment tool used Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI) critical appraisal checklist. Keywords were based on MeSH Browser's Medical Subject Heading; Emotional Freedom Technique AND Deep Breathing Exercise AND Anxiety. Results: The search used a search engine on a total of 875 articles and found 14 eligible journal manuscripts selected according to the criteria. The total numbers of respondents in this review were 645 respondents. Conclusion: There is an Effect of Spiritual Therapy Emotional Freedom Technique and Deep Breathing Exercise to Reduce Anxiety.
PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN DAN MINAT BELAJAR PAJAK MELALUI WEBGAMES ULAR TANGGA DI SMK N 2 TANGERANG
Authors: Dwianika Agustine , Rayeb Augury El , Nurhidayah Fitriyah , Rosiana Nuni
Published: October 2022

Aktivitas  Pengabdian  kepada  Masyarakat  ini  bertujuan  agar  para  siswa sekolah menengah atas di Wilayah Tangerang dan Banten mampu memahami pembelajaran pajak dengan mudah dan menarik. SMK N 2 dipilih sebagai percontohan dalam pengembangan webgames ini karena memiliki sumberdaya dan sarana prasarana yang cukup untuk pengembangan dan terbuka pada upaya peningkatan edukasi pajak berkelanjutan. Hasil wawancara kepada perwakilan forum guru mata pelajaran akuntansi menemukan bahwa terdapat kejemuan dari para siswa belajar pajak dengan metode konvensional, terutama di masa pandemi Covid-19 secara daring. Mata pelajaran ini dianggap menjadi sulit karena latihan-latihan soal diberikan tanpa inovasi. Hal ini berdampak pada nilai mata pelajaran para siswa. Upaya  peningkatan pemahaman pajak siswa perlu ditingkatkan, agar tercipta generasi emas sadar pajak di masa datang. Metode atau tata cara dilakukan dengan metode offline dengan prokes ketat pada laboratorium sekolah. Pengabdi melakukan edukasi melalui ular tangga pajak secara manual, kemudian melakukan percontohan pada 50 siswa melakukan pembelajaran pajak dengan webgames. Dilakukan  pre-test dan post-test terhadap responden pada peningkatan pengetahuan pajak, setelah melakukan permainan secara manual dan berbasis web. Disamping itu, dilakukan wawancara singkat kepada 5 responden untuk mengetahui tingkat minat belajar pajak berbasis webgames. Data berupa skor dan wawancara kemudian di analisis. Hasil  dari  aktivitas  menunjukan  bahwa  pelatihan  ini  telah  berjalan  cukup  efektif. Peserta   lebih memahami pembelajaran pajak dibandingkan sebelumnya, dan mereka lebih menyukai webgames dibanding manual.

Kata kunci: Edukasi Pajak, Webgames, Siswa Menengah Atas, Pengetahuan Pajak
STRATEGI PEMASARAN IKLAN DIGITAL DALAM PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN BERBASIS ONLINE
Authors: Kurniawati Kurniawati , Nilasari B. Medina , Emilisa Netania , Rahayu Fatik
Published: October 2022

Transaksi perdagangan online (e-commerce) di Indonesia memiliki masa depan cerah. Aktivitas jual beli secara online tersebut memang sedang naik daun dalam beberapa tahun belakangan. Marketplace adalah perantara antara penjual dan pembeli di dunia maya. Situs marketplace bertindak sebagai pihak ketiga dalam transaksi online dengan menyediakan tempat berjualan dan fasilitas pembayaran. Di sisi lain, online shop tidak memerlukan perantara. Penjual langsung menjual produknya di platform mandiri kepada pembeli. Jadi tidak ada perantara sama sekali. Berjualan melalui online shop menuntut untuk lebih mandiri. Sebelum pandemi Covid-19, pengusaha UMKM di Indonesia dihadapkan pada dua masalah serius yang harus ditangani bersamaan yaitu modal bisnis yang terbatas dan promosi yang belum efektif. Dengan adanya pandemi Covid-19, masalah yang terjadi pada pengusaha UMKM semakin perlu perhatian lagi bagi semua pihak. Tim penyuluh telah melakukan survei pada masyarakat di sekitar Kelurahan Palmerah di mana terdapat pengusaha UMKM binaan Yayasan Insan Palma Sejahtera. Metode penyampaian materi kepada para pengusaha UMKM adalah dengan diskusi menggunakan fasilitas zoom meeting. Untuk meningkatkan kompetensi pengusaha UMKM dilakukan pelatihan strategi pemasaran iklan digital dengan membuat iklan digital yang lebih menarik.  Hal ini diperlukan agar perkembangan bisnis dari pengusaha UMKM tersebut bisa lebih baik lagi terutama menghadapi pandemic covid-19. Tim selanjutnya akan memberikan pelatihan strategi human capital dalam proses pengambilan keputusan secara online sehingga para pengusaha tersebut dapat dengan mudah melakukan proses pengambilan keputusan walaupun secara online.
Research on the Application of Multimedia Technology in Ice and Snow Sports Tourism
Authors:   Physical Education and Research Department, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China, Huang Qi
Published: October 2022

In the Internet era, the integration of ice and snow sports and tourism industry also has a greater platform and possibility. China is rich in ice and snow resources, but there are certain deficiencies in the training of professional talents, and the construction of facilities also needs to be further improved, so as to promote the development of ice and snow sports tourism industry. Combining the advantages of multimedia technology to promote the development of ice and snow leisure sports in China, we can establish the ice and snow sports tourism industry model nationwide, further strengthen the full integration of ice and snow leisure sports and tourism industry, and make the ice and snow sports tourism industry develop better.
Plasma-Enhanced Molecular Layer Deposition of Phosphane-ene Polymer Films
Authors: Lomax Justin , Goodwin Eden , Gordon Peter , McGuiness Christine , Decampo Floryan , Barry Sean , Ragogna Paul
Published: October 2022

A vapour phase molecular layer deposition (MLD) process generating phosphorus-rich phosphane-ene polymer networks was adapted from known solution phase methods and successfully used in a commercial atomic layer deposition tool. By using plasma-enhanced MLD on Si/SiO2 and Al2O3 substrates, film deposition was carried out with a commercially available primary phosphine, iBuPH2, paired with a known volatile cyclic siloxane precursor, tetramethyltetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4Vinyl). The deposition process used radicals generated by an Ar plasma source to facilitate P-H addition to vinyl functionalities on D4Vinyl which yielded a growth per cycle of 0.6 – 2.0 Å, generating 10-120 nm films as determined by AFM and SEM measurements. Characterization of the films were carried out using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and oxygen scavenging capabilities were studied using a quartz crystal microbalance, showing an uptake of oxygen by a 12 nm depth of a freshly deposited polymer film.
Ultra-high areal capacity Li electrodeposition at metal-solid electrolyte interfaces under minimal stack pressures enabled by interfacial Na-K liquids
Authors: Park Richard , Fincher Cole , Badel Andres , Carter W. Craig , Chiang Yet-Ming
Published: October 2022

The need for higher energy density rechargeable batteries has generated interest in metallic electrodes paired with solid electrolytes. However, impedance growth at the Li metal-solid electrolytes interface due to void formation during cycling at practical current densities and areal capacities, e.g., greater than 0.5 mA cm-2 and 1.5 mAh cm-2 respectively, remains a significant barrier. Here, we show that introducing a wetting interfacial film of Na-K liquid between Li metal and Li6.75La3Zr1.75Ta0.25O12 (LLZTO) solid electrolyte permits reversible stripping and plating of up to 150μm of Li (30 mAhcm-2), approximately ten times the areal capacity of today’s lithium-ion batteries, at current densities above 0.5 mA cm-2 and stack pressures below 75 kPa, all with minimal changes in cell impedance. We further show that this increase in the accessible areal capacity at high stripping current densities is due to the presence of Na-K liquid at the Li stripping interface; this performance improvement is not enabled in the absence of the Na-K liquid. This design approach holds promise for overcoming interfacial stability issues that have heretofore limited performance of solid-state metal batteries.
Multiscale Engineering of Wood for a Sustainable Future
Authors: Li Qiang , Dixon Richard , Ciesielski Peter , Himmel Michael , Urbanowicz Breeanna , Cao Daxian , Zhu Hongli
Published: October 2022

Wood has served humanity by providing tools, fuels, and engineering materials since the Paleolithic period. The composite and hierarchical structure of wood, which is a direct embodiment of stored solar energy and sequestered CO2, exhibits versatile utility. Top-down approaches have enabled recent advances in the engineering, functionalization, and conversion of wood and its derivatives. Its inherent hierarchical structure can be modified by physical and 25chemical methods. Moreover, ‘bottom-up’, targeted genetic engineering approaches have facilitated the modification of wood from molecular scale to nano-, micro-, and bulk scales. Herein, the strategies for manipulating the emergent properties of wood at several scales are reviewed to present sustainable solutions for meeting the current and future demands for materials and energy.
Modelling Anion Poisoning during Oxygen Reduction on Pt Near-Surface Alloys
Authors: Schramm Petersen Amanda , Degn Jensen Kim , Wan Hao , Bagger Alexander , Chorkendorff Ib , E.L. Stephens Ifan , Rossmeisl Jan , Escudero-Escribano María
Published: October 2022

Electrolyte effects play an important role on the activity of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) of Pt-based electrodes. Herein, we combine a computational model and rotating disk electrode measurements to investigate the effects from phosphate anion poisoning for the ORR on well-defined extended Pt surfaces. We construct a model including the poisoning effect from phosphate species on Pt(111) and Cu/Pt(111) based on density functional theory simulations. We have investigated the effect of adsorbed phosphate species at low overpotentials when tuning *OH binding energies. Our work shows that, regardless of the surface site blockage from phosphate, the trend in catalytic oxygen reduction activity is predominately governed by the *OH binding.
Ammonia Decomposition on Lithium Imide Surfaces: A New Paradigm in Heterogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Yang Manyi , Raucci Umberto , Parrinello Michele
Published: October 2022

The industrial production of commodity chemicals often requires extreme conditions of temperature and pressure. Yet, in industrial reactors the catalyst remains active for a long time notwithstanding the harsh operating conditions. This challenges a static picture of the catalytic process. To explain the long-term stability of the industrial catalysts we invoke instead a highly dynamical scenario. We illustrate this concept with an ab initio quality simulation of the Li2NH catalyzed decomposition of ammonia at T = 750 K. This process has been intensively studied for its possible use in a hydrogen-based economy. However, a full understanding of the way it works is still lacking. We show that when exposed to the reactants, the surface structure of the catalyst changes and a dynamic fluctuating steady state is activated allowing the reaction to proceed until the flow of reagents is discontinued. This interfacial reactive fluctuating state is induced by the reaction of ammonia with the surface imides. This discommensuration induces large fluctuations in the top surface layers, which now behave almost like an ionic liquid. In this activated environment, a series of reactions that eventually lead to the release of N2 and H2 molecules become possible.
Crystallographic Study of Solvates and Solvate Hydrates of an Antibacterial Furazidin
Authors: Orola Liāna , Mishnev Anatoly , Stepanovs Dmitrijs , Bērziņš Agris
Published: October 2022

In this study we present a detailed crystallographic analysis of multiple solvates of an antibacterial furazidin. Solvate formation of furazidin was investigated by crystallizing it from pure solvents and solvent-water mixtures. Crystal structure analysis of the obtained solvates and computational calculations were used to rationalize the main factors leading to the intermolecular interactions present in the solvate crystal structures as well as resulting in formation of the observed solvates and solvate hydrates. Furazidin forms pure solvates and solvate hydrates with solvents having large hydrogen bond acceptor propensity as well as with a hydrogen bond donor and acceptor formic acid. In solvate hydrates the incorporation of water allows formation of additional hydrogen bonds and results in more efficient hydrogen bond network in which water is “hooking” the organic solvent molecule, and this slightly reduces the cut-off of solvent hydrogen bond acceptor propensity required for obtaining a solvate. The crystal structures of all pure solvates are formed from molecule layers and in almost all structures solvent is hydrogen bonded to the furazidin, but the packing in each solvate is unique. In contrast, the hydrogen bonding and packing in most solvate hydrates are nearly identical.
The Adaptation of the Social Curiosity Scale into Turkish: A Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: ELBAN Mehmet , ASLAN Selçuk
Published: October 2022

Recently, interest in curiosity-related studies in the national education literature has increased. However, there is a research gap in the studies related to the social curiosity of individuals and measuring the social type of curiosity. The current research aimed to adapt the Social Curiosity Scale (SCS) developed by Renner (2006) into Turkish to contribute to the national literature. Undergraduate and graduate students studying at Turkish state universities constitute the research sample. The scale’s Turkish version’s exploratory (n=279) and confirmatory (n=310) factor analyzes were performed. In the exploratory factor analysis, the total variance explained by the two-factor and 9-items Turkish form is 63.70%. The first and second-level confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the two-factor model (General Social Curiosity and Covert Social Curiosity) obtained before as a result of exploratory factor analysis. Thus, the results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the construct validity of the scale was ensured. The Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficient ranged between .83 and .85 for the whole scale and its subscales. These results indicated that the scale was highly reliable. It is thought that the scale will contribute to research in many fields such as psychological counseling, media research, and education.
A Qualitative Research on Entrepreneurial Marketing Activities of Cluster Member SMEs
Authors: KAĞITCI Seray , SAHİN Begum
Published: October 2022

The entrepreneurial marketing (EM) approach is a new phenomenon for SMEs. This study aims to reveal the orientation's consciousness and investigate the level of behavior among seven companies located in Ankara, Turkey. The selection is done through cluster representatives of the sectors including construction machinery, medical, renewable energy, rubber, defense & aviation, and communication. The companies are determined by theoretical (purposive) sampling and semi-structured face-to-face interviews are applied for data collection. Content analysis is used for the data-treatment technique. Entrepreneurial marketing activities are measured by EM dimensions as proactiveness, risk management, opportunity-driven, innovation-focused, resource utilization, customer density and value creation. Findings revealed that companies in the research sample have the approach of entrepreneurial marketing however the intensity differs according to sectors. It is aimed to increase the awareness of the approach among the SMEs to create superior customer value. Moreover, clarifying the activities built under entrepreneurial marketing will contribute to the practical side of marketing decisions and strategies as well as future studies filling the gap in the field.
Exploring the Accountability Relationships of Turkish School Principals: A Qualitative Study
Authors: ERDAĞ Coşkun , YENİPINAR Şenyurt
Published: October 2022

In developed countries, accountability mechanisms, external control and standardized testing to increase student academic achievement have fundamentally influenced school principals and their management styles. On the other hand, much is unknown about the Turkish principals’ experiences in their accountability environment. This is significant because accountability relationships might be even destructive for principals and the school learning environment despite the intended formative and supportive purposes. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the accountability relationships of Turkish K12 school principals. The data of seventeen purposefully-sampled Turkish school principals were collected through in-depth phenomenological interviews. Data analysis yielded five major themes with supporting sub-themes: bureaucratic accountability environment, market accountability environment, professional accountability environment, accountability intensity, and accountability impacts on principals, teachers, schools, students and parents. Knowing the nature of context-dependent accountability environments can help principals adopt new roles and help policymakers improve their ill-natured accountability relationships, principal preparation and development programs.
Progress in adopting bans on tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorship in the Americas: lessons from Uruguay and Argentina
Authors: Crosbie Eric , Gutkowski Patricia , Severini Gianella , Pizarro María Elisabet , Perez Sara , Albuquerque de Figueiredo Beatriz , Rodríguez Diego , Sebrié Ernesto M.
Published: October 2022

Objective.

To assess progress in and barriers to implementing bans on tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship (TAPS) in Uruguay, which has a complete ban, and Argentina, with a partial ban.

Methods.

Legislation on TAPS bans in Uruguay and Argentina was reviewed and relevant published literature, news stories, civil society reports and tobacco industry reports retrieved to analyze progress in implementing TAPS bans.

Results.

In Uruguay, the complete TAPS ban, which includes standardized tobacco packaging, maintains high compliance and severely limits exposure of TAPS, despite a few problems with corporate social responsibility, social media, and transnational advertising. In Argentina, the partial TAPS ban has more problems with compliance and exposure to TAPS. The most important barriers to implementing TAPS bans in both countries are the tobacco companies. In Uruguay, tobacco companies do not comply in a few areas but the complete ban greatly minimizes this. In Argentina, however, tobacco companies can more easily exploit gaps in the partial TAPS ban, such as advertising at the points of sale, promoting contests, and using influencers on social media.

Conclusions.

The partial TAPS ban in Argentina illustrates the problems with enforcement and the tobacco industry’s ability to exploit loopholes and continue to market their products, especially to young people. A complete TAPS ban, including standardized tobacco packaging, as in Uruguay, is easier to implement and enforce and is effective in reducing exposure to tobacco advertising. Nevertheless, governments should prioritize implementing TAPS bans on social media, which remains a difficult sphere to monitor and allows tobacco companies to continue recruiting and targeting young people.
Progress, challenges and the need to set concrete goals in the global tobacco endgame
Authors: Bostic Chris , Bianco Eduardo , Hefler Marita
Published: October 2022

The tobacco endgame is rapidly moving from aspirational and theoretical toward a concrete and achievable goal and, in some cases, enacted policy. Endgame policies differ from traditional tobacco control measures by explicitly aiming to permanently end, rather than simply minimize, tobacco use. The purpose of this paper is to outline recent progress made in the tobacco endgame, its relationship to existing tobacco control policies, the challenges and how endgame planning can be adapted to different tobacco control contexts. Examples of implemented policies in three cities in the United States and national policies in the Netherlands and New Zealand are outlined, as well as recent endgame planning developments in Europe. Justifications for integrating endgame targets into tobacco control policy and the need to set concrete time frames are discussed, including planning for ending the sale of tobacco products. Tobacco endgame planning must consider the jurisdiction-specific tobacco control context, including the current prevalence of tobacco use, existing policies, implementation of the World Health Organization’s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, and public support. However, the current tobacco control context should not determine whether endgame planning should happen, but rather how and when different endgame approaches can occur. Potential challenges include legal challenges, the contested role of e-cigarettes and the tobacco industry’s attempt to co-opt the rhetoric of smoke-free policies. While acknowledging the different views regarding e-cigarettes and other products, we argue for a contractionary approach to the tobacco product market. The tobacco control community should capitalize on the growing theoretical and empirical evidence, political will and public support for the tobacco endgame, and set concrete goals for finally ending the tobacco epidemic.
Effect of comprehensive smoke-free legislation on the tourism industry in countries of the Caribbean Community
Authors: González-Rozada Martin , Prieto-Lara Elisa , Sandoval Guillermo A.
Published: October 2022

Objective.

To assess whether the introduction of comprehensive smoke-free legislation affected tourism in four Caribbean Community (CARICOM) countries – Barbados, Guyana, Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago.

Methods.

We compared the evolution of three tourism variables – tourist arrivals, tourist expenditure, and average length of stay – in a country implementing smoke-free environments (treated country) with the evolution of these variables in the same country if smoke-free legislation had not been implemented. We used a synthetic control method to recreate this counterfactual scenario by constructing a synthetic country using a weighted average of several donor-pool CARICOM countries that did not introduce legislation on smoke-free environments during the period analyzed. We quantified the effect of the smoke-free environments on tourism as the difference between tourism variables in the treated and synthetic country. To assess whether the estimated effect of the smoke-free environments was the result of chance, we compared the effects of legislation in the treated country to placebo effects in the donor pool by assuming comprehensive smoke-free legislation was introduced in the same year as in the treated country.

Results.

Implementing smoke-free environments did not affect the arrival of tourists, tourism expenditure, or the average length of stay in the four countries.

Conclusions.

Our findings provide strong evidence that public policies banning smoking in public places do not affect hospitality and tourism businesses. Given the economic significance of this industry in the Caribbean, the local evidence provided by this study will help to effectively counteract interference by the tobacco industry and advance towards a smoke-free Caribbean.
Beneficios del impuesto a los cigarros en México: análisis por sexo y quintil de ingreso
Authors: Reynales-Shigematsu Luz Myriam , Sáenz-de-Miera Belén , Llorente Blanca , Maldonado Norman , Shanon Geordan , Jha Prabhat
Published: October 2022

Objetivo.

Estimar los beneficios económicos y en salud, por sexo y por quintil de ingreso, del incremento de los precios de los cigarros mediante impuestos en México.

Métodos.

Con un modelo de costo-efectividad extendido (ECEA, por su sigla en inglés) se estimaron los beneficios distributivos en mujeres y hombres con un escenario de incremento del precio de los cigarros de 44% (de 56,4 pesos mexicanos [MX$] a MX$81,2 por cajetilla), como resultado de triplicar el impuesto específico actual (de MX$0,49/cigarro a MX$1,49/cigarro). El modelo se calibró con fuentes oficiales de información nacional

Resultados.

Con el incremento del impuesto de un peso por cigarro, cerca de 1,5 millones de fumadores abandonarían el consumo (351 300 mujeres y 1,1 millón de hombres). Así, se evitarían aproximadamente 630 000 muertes prematuras atribuibles al tabaco. La reducción de la carga de enfermedad permitiría ahorros para el sector salud cercanos a MX$42 800 millones y evitaría que más de 250 000 personas (entre ellas, 50 200 mujeres fumadoras) cayeran en situación de pobreza. Además, se recaudarían MX$16 200 millones adicionales por año, de los cuales el quintil más bajo aportaría menos de 3% (1% en el caso de las mujeres de menores ingresos).

Conclusiones.

La epidemia de tabaquismo tiene patrones claramente diferenciados entre mujeres y hombres y reflejan un componente de género. Si bien los beneficios del impuesto al tabaco en México tendrían magnitudes relativas al estado actual de la epidemia en cada caso, estos podrían contribuir a un objetivo más amplio de justicia social mediante la reducción de las inequidades de género.
Exposure to e-cigarette advertising and provaping websites, and the social acceptability of their use among nicotine users
Authors: Barrientos-Gutierrez Inti , Gallegos-Carrillo Katia , Cruz-Jimenez Lizeth , Rodriguez-Bolaños Rosibel , Arillo-Santillán Edna , Thrasher James F.
Published: October 2022

Objectives.

To evaluate the prevalence of exposure to Internet communications on and advertising of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and their association with perceptions of the social acceptability of e-cigarettes in Mexico.

Methods.

Data were analyzed from eight surveys (2018–2021) of an online sample of Mexican adult (> 18 years) smokers and dual users (of combustible and electronic cigarettes). Self-reported exposure to e-cigarette advertising across various marketing channels was assessed, as well as visits to e-cigarette websites. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between perceptions of the social acceptability of e-cigarette use and level of advertising exposure and visits to e-cigarette websites.

Results.

The Internet and outside e-cigarette stores were where exposure to advertising most occurred, as reported by 47.4% and 46.8% of respondents, respectively. Respondents who noticed e-cigarette advertisements on the Internet (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.43, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.25, 1.63), outside e-cigarette stores (adjusted OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.14, 1.50), and in temporary outlets (adjusted OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.01, 1.34), and those who visited e-cigarette websites (adjusted OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.25, 1.76) were more likely to perceive e-cigarettes as socially acceptable. Noticing advertisements across more channels was also associated with higher perceived social acceptability of e-cigarette use.

Conclusions.

Being exposed to e-cigarette marketing, either online or through traditional marketing channels, is associated with perceived social acceptability of e-cigarette use, as is contact with provaping sites. Regulatory options to avoid the proliferation of promotional websites disguised as opinion or user sites need to be considered.
Analisis Laporan Arus Kas Dalam Menilai Kinerja Pada PT Sariguna Primatirta Tbk (Cleo)
Authors: Prasetyo Fahrizal Kelvin , Hakim Luqman
Published: October 2022

This study for determining the impact of covid-19 pandemic on the performance of PT Sariguna Primatirta. The method used was descriptive method with the aim for describing the performance of financial statements of PT Sariguna Primatirta. The data was collected through secondary data in the form of Company Financial Statement Information from three periods starting from 2018 to 2020. Data collection's techniques used documentation techniques on the balance sheet and income statement of the company. The analysis method used was descriptive data analysis with financial ratio formulation and then delivered back with more informative and easy to understand. The analysis's results said that the company's financial statements showed that PT Sariguna Primatirta's financial performance experienced a less stable performance. Looking through the results of operating cash flows to current liabilities that do not show a significant increase. In 2019 showed the lowest ratio results compared to other years, except for the capital expenditure ratio showed the maximum results.
Teacher and student in ancient pedagogy: the dialectic of love and death
Authors: Sorokina M. P.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. This article aims to compare two seemingly different patterns of attitude towards such a significant figure as a teacher. Considering it was the Greeks who have established the entire prototype for such a relationship in our culture it seems interesting to look at the development and meaning of such a relationship within their context.

Materials and Methods. Based on the texts from The Library of Greek Mythology by Apollodorus and other sources that draw attention to some aspects of upbringing described already in the ancient myths, as well as on the basis of Plato's dialogues dedicated to the character of Socrates, this study compares two lines of such relationship, one derived from the story of the mythological hero Heracles and his relationship with his teachers, and that of the teacher of all Athens – Socrates and his students. This study is based on such methods as comparison, juxtaposition, interpretation, and generalization, as well as the psychoanalytic approach developed by Z. Freud and J. Lacan.

Results. Acknowledging certain parallels in how the relationships mentioned earlier end, this study draws attention to the fact that a person must take the path of self-transformation with a considerable degree of necessity to learn something new. A noteworthy aspect in this process is the role of what is commonly referred to as “love”.

Discussion and Conclusions. The figure of Socrates is central to this study in two ways. He is interesting to us not only as a philosopher who is in love with wisdom and discussion but also as one who educates, with all the dynamics of relationships that follow. As the author of the dialogues about Socrates, Plato reveals his views on love deriving from his grief about the loss of his teacher. His reflections represent the work of sorrow, and the dialogues that immortalize him in history seem to be its natural fruits.
Factors Affecting Teachers’ Pragmatic Knowledge Incorporation into Thai EFL Classrooms
Authors: Pojprasat Somboon , Watcharapunyawong Somchai
Published: October 2022

In second language pragmatics, the student has long received much more attention than the teacher with the principal aim to examine the former’s pragmatic competence and to innovate teaching in order to increase it. However, reports on students’ poor pragmatic performance have identified the ineffectiveness of this predisposed interest. Therefore, the researchers argue for a closer investigation into the teachers who are crucial in contributing to the latter’s ability. In the present study, a survey and a structured interview were used with a purposive sample of 38 Thai EFL university instructors to elicit in-depth information about their beliefs in the value of pragmatic knowledge, their self-reflection of incorporating pragmatic content in class, and factors that might complicate the relation between the beliefs and actual teaching. Findings show that while participants hold considerable positivity regarding the need for pragmatic content, their existent teaching is relatively less due to certain limitations. Among them, student background and type of course are the most influential factors in their pragmatic teaching knowledge. Moreover, participants’ pragmatic knowledge background and language experience have a significant correlation with their existing teaching (r =.38, p = .01). The inadequate proportion of in-class pragmatic content presents itself as a direct cause for students’ poor performance since they lack both the necessary knowledge and practice. The paper concludes with practical steps to systemize in-class teaching of pragmatic knowledge in Thai EFL contexts and perhaps elsewhere.
Sistema de gestión por procesos para unidades educativas con miras a la certificación ISO 9001
Authors:   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Méndez Carpio César Raúl
Published: October 2022

El presente documento pretende contribuir a la gestión y función de las Unidades Educativas de la región y el país apoyándose en los requerimientos de las normas ISO 9001 (International Standard Organization), las mismas que señalan que: “Esta Norma Internacional promueve la adopción de un enfoque basado en procesos cuando se desarrolla, implementa y mejora la eficacia de un sistema de gestión de la calidad, para aumentar la satisfacción del cliente mediante el cumplimiento de sus requisitos.” (Normas ISO 9001 2015).
ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-ФАКТОРНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ РОЗГОРТАННЯ ПРОГНОЗУ НА ЕТАПІ ЕКСПЛУАТАЦІЇ ЛІТАКІВ НОВОГО ПОКОЛІННЯ
Authors: Ammory Ali Al , Klochan Arsen , Degtyareva Anastasia , Ammory Hasan Al , Poleva Natalia
Published: October 2022

Метою даної статті є розробка інформаційно-факторних технологій розгортання на етапі експлуатації літаків нового покоління для зменшення помилок екіпажу під час їх управління. У статті розглядаються інформаційно-факторні технології прогнозування потенційної аварійної статистики за людським чинником для літаків, що знаходяться на початковій стадії експлуатації. Це досягається шляхом підбору літака-аналогу за коефіцієнтами розгортання із сімейства літаків, які мають багаторічну експлуатацію, а також репрезентативну та представницьку статистику аварійних пригод за людським чинником. Таке прогнозування дозволить зняти та зменшити частку людського чиннику в аварійній статистиці шляхом обґрунтування існуючих програм підготовки льотного складу з переходом до якісно нових принципів підготовки льотного складу, а також шляхом використання можливостей літаків нового покоління як літаючого автоматизованого електронного комплексу.
ПРОБЛЕМИ АГРОТЕХНОЛОГІЧНОГО ЕЛЕКТРОННОГО КАРТОГРАФУВАННЯ ДЛЯ ОТРИМАННЯ ВРОЖАЇВ РОСЛИННИЦТВА
Authors: Baranov George , Komisarenko Olena , Kravchuk Vladimir , Ivanyuta Mykhailo
Published: October 2022

В роботі досліджено принципи побудови роботів з штучним інтелектом для мобільного потокового виконання агротехнологічних технологій за всіма критеріями сучасних знань агротехнології та біології природних ресурсів, необхідних для отримання прибуткових врожаїв продукції рослинництва у зонах підвищеного ризику впливів незалежного природного середовища. Наведено вимоги до сучасних форм цифровізації агротехнологічних електронних карт, що точно відображають багаторівневі гетерогенні фактори прогнозних впливів зовнішнього середовища та відповідних адекватних дій робота. Формалізовано описи даних для бортових інформаційно-керуючих комплексів безпосередньо на гонах конкретного сільськогосподарського поля за почерговими регламен-тованими процедурами керованого землеробства. Доведено ефективність наскрізної інтелектуалізації від початку до механізованого й автоматизованого збору врожаїв з постачанням у контейнерах до споживачів товарної продукції. Визначено актуальність та перспективність застосування запропонованих принципів накопичення практичних знань у вигляді тематичних атласів з апробованими реальними цифровими картами конкретних полів. Запропоновано згруповувати дані, що відображають поняття синергетичних та симбіозних властивостей, а також фактичну родючість ґрунту у нестаціонарних областях ризикованого землеробства біоценозу у біосфері.
DEFINITION AS A DEFINITIVE ASPECT SENSE OF THE STUDY PROBLEM
Authors: Kozlov V. , Kozlov Yu. , Novikova O. , Olenchenko V.
Published: October 2022

In any field of human activity, especially in scientific and educational work, the use of not very accurate and ambiguous terms makes it difficult, and sometimes impossible to understand some of the provisions and the research problem in general. Terms, in general, are the language of science, form the semantic core of a special language of the industry and convey basic meaningful information. It should be emphasized that usually the first among the standards of any industry is a standard with a list of basic terms and concepts. It is made taking into account the requirements of fixed content, accuracy (clarity), brevity. This approach allows you to achieve the truth when discussing any hypothesis, idea, opinion, problem or question. The article shows how the contradictions related to the peculiarity of the English translation of the word “competence” and the ambiguous interpretation of this term in dictionaries, which causes confusion and makes it difficult to implement the competence method in educational activities in the post-Soviet space. Unambiguous key concepts are offered, which provided an opportunity to develop and implement in practice information technology to support decision-making on the results of professional training and activities of the specialist. The development is preceded by the creation of a model of the relevant subject area or object of analysis, such as a law enforcement specialist. The result is a thesaurus and alphabetical index used by an expert to limit the properties of the object being evaluated. To describe the subject area by the heuristic method and to present knowledge in the decision support system, the result is presented in the form of a frame. The definitive approach can be extended to the procedure of developing any scientific work – textbook, monographs, dissertations and more.
МЕТОДИКА ВИЯВЛЕННЯ РАДІАЦІЙНОГО ЗАБРУДНЕННЯ МІСЦЕВОСТІ ТА ЙОГО РИЗИКІВ
Authors: Trysnyuk Vasyl , Nagornyi Evgeny , Trysnyuk Taras , Konetska Olha , Kurilo Anatoly
Published: October 2022

Питання безперервного контролю радіаційної обстановки (РО) і своєчасного виявлення радіоактивного забруднення місцевості (РЗМ) продовжують залишатися актуальними і нині. Актуальність теми обумовлена вимогами перспективних автоматизованих систем контролю радіаційної обстановки і АСУ по скороченню часу обробки даних про радіоактивне забруднення місцевості і підвищенню достовірності результатів виявлення радіаційної обстановки. Виявлення радіоактивного забруднення місцевості за даними радіаційної розвідки, призначений для виявлення радіоактивного забруднення місцевості за даними радіаційної розвідки і може враховувати апріорну інформацію про джерела забруднення і стану довкілля з подальшим відображенням результатів виявлення на облаштуваннях відображення інформації. Метою статті є формулювання постановки задачі ліквідації наслідків техногенних катастроф на території України, користуючись принципами системного підходу. Результати дослідження. У статті сформульована постановка задачі ліквідації наслідків техногенних катастроф на території України. Запропоновано методику і алгоритм обробки інформації про радіоактивне забруднення місцевості при виявленні радіаційної обстановки з урахуванням апріорної інформації про джерела радіоактивного забруднення місцевості, яка дозволяє підвищити достовірність і оперативність виявлення фактичного радіоактивного забруднення місцевості. Розроблені методики і алгоритм можуть бути реалізовані в спеціальному математичному забезпеченні автоматизованих робочих місць різних посадовців в перспективних комплексних завданнях виявлення радіаційної обстановки при виникненні надзвичайних ситуацій. На наш погляд ця модель може використовуватися для складання прогнозу радіоактивного забруднення місцевості у тому разі якщо активна фаза розвитку ядерної реакції припиняється після викиду радіоактивних речовин в атмосферу.
Emplazamiento de diques magmáticos y su interpretación tectónica: ejemplos en rocas terciarias de la Sierra de Pachuca
Authors: Escamilla-Casas José Cruz , Ortiz-Hernández L. E. , Cruz-Chávez E. , Castro Mora J.
Published: October 2022

Los diques de origen magmático son intrusiones que penetran y desplazan la roca encajonante, forman conductos desde la profundidad de la cámara alimentadora y fluyen ascendentemente a través de la parte superior de la corteza terrestre, hasta emplazarse. En este estudio, se considera que los diques son fracturas de tensión hidráulica en la roca encajonante, que están rellenas de magma y orientadas perpendicularmente al menor de los esfuerzos compresivos, s3, de acuerdo a la teoría Andersoniana. Consecuentemente, los diques de una misma generación definirían el mapa del campo de esfuerzos asociados al régimen tectónico. A partir de la actitud estructural de diques en la Sierra de Pachuca se sugiere la geometría de los mismos y la orientación del campo de esfuerzos en la corteza (s1, s2, s3). A pesar de no contar con edades radiométricas para las diferentes unidades rocosas de la Sierra de Pachuca, se considera que estas rocas se instauraron durante el Oligoceno hasta el Pleistoceno. Sin embargo, las relaciones de corte entre la roca encajonante, la deformación frágil y el emplazamiento de diques, permiten establecer una secuencia relativa de eventos geológicos. Los resultados sugieren la asociación tectónica entre el emplazamiento de diques y la deformación frágil.
Método rápido de caracterización química de concreto reciclado mediante MEB-EDS
Authors: Moreno Pérez E. , Salinas Rodríguez E. , Hernández Ávila J. , Mendoza Anaya D. , Rodríguez Lugo V. , Cerecedo Saenz E. , Reyes Valderrama M. I. , Rivera Landero I.
Published: October 2022

En este trabajo se propone una metodología sencilla y rápida, para caracterizar químicamente muestras de concreto reciclado por medio de microanálisis de rayos X por dispersión de energías (o EDX, EDS, EDAX), considerando las limitaciones propias de la técnica y ciertas particularidades del material. Este estudio surge de la necesidad de optimizar tiempo y recursos en la caracterización química de gran cantidad de muestras de agregados de concreto reciclado en el análisis de residuos de la construcción y demolición. Cabe hacer mención, que es necesario conocer previamente los minerales presentes en el material reciclado, antes de sacar conclusiones del microanálisis cuantitativo el cual se considera complementario. El propósito de conocer el análisis químico elemental de distintas muestras de agregados reciclados, es determinar las relaciones atómicas Ca/Si, Al/Si, etc., datos que interpretados correctamente aportan información acerca de las propiedades del concreto reciclado. La secuencia de este método rápido de caracterización química de concreto reciclado es la siguiente: Muestreo, cuarteo, conminución de tamaño por medios manuales a <75 µm, secado a 100°C por 3 horas y análisis MEB/EDS. Los resultados obtenidos con esta metodología se estiman fiables y con un error estadísticamente aceptable.
Implementación y evaluación de la metodología para la interacción de ácidos húmicos en presencia de arsénico por electroforesis capilar de zona
Authors: Nieto-Velázquez S. , Saldaña-Ramírez D. , Páez-Hernández M. E.
Published: October 2022

Los ácidos húmicos (AHs) se consideran los componentes principales de la materia orgánica del suelo, agua y sedimentos, son insolubles en medio acuoso bajo condiciones ácidas (pH < 2) pero son solubles a valores de pH mayores; tienen carga negativa y su color en solución es café. Todas las características que se acaban de mencionar se deben principalmente a los grupos carboxílicos e hidróxidos (-COOH y -OH) que poseen en su estructura. Es por ello que pueden interaccionar con todo tipo de iones metálicos, no metálicos, agroquímicos, elementos radioactivos, entre otros. Modificando la transferencia, fijación o biodisponibilidad de los iones en sistemas ambientales. En este trabajo de investigación se reporta la metodología desarrollada en un equipo de electroforesis capilar de zona para analizar de forma más detallada la interacción de los AHs en presencia de arsénico (As), metaloide altamente tóxico. No obstante, realizando los diferentes experimentos se obtuvieron las siguientes condiciones de separación: tiempo de inyección: 5 s (hidrodinámica), presión de inyección: 2 psi, temperatura de separación: 25°C, voltaje aplicado: 20 kV y tipo de capilar: sílice fundida con polaridad normal (Lt= 34.8 cm, Ld= 25.43 cm, d.i.= 50 μm). En la separación se utilizó un buffer ác. bórico / Tris / EDTA pH = 8.5. Bajo estas condiciones se pudo demostrar la interacción de los AHs con el As más específicamente con el orto-arsenito, sal del ácido ortoarsenioso (H2AsO3-) observando las modificaciones que presentan los electroferogramas. No obstante, obteniendo como resultado la formación de complejos (interacciones entre el ión con la macromolécula del húmico) y repercutiendo en la importancia de la movilidad del As en sistemas como suelo y/o agua.
Caracterización de residuos mineros del Estado de Baja California Sur para el estudio de recuperación de metales base
Authors: Teja-Ruiz A. Michelle , Juárez-Tapia J. C. , Martínez-Rojo E. , Reyes-Pérez M. , Hernández Cruz L. , Flores Guerrero M. U. , Perez-Moreno F.
Published: October 2022

Este estudio muestra la caracterización química y mineralógica de residuos mineros provenientes del estado de Baja California Sur, México. El análisis granulométrico junto con el análisis químico vía Espectrofotometría de Emisión de Plasma por Inducción Acoplada (ICP), reportó mayor distribución de Fe y Cu en partículas acotadas en un diámetro inferior a 74 y superior a las 106 μm, respectivamente. El análisis por ICP del contenido elemental de las muestras acotadas en el rango de <37 a 180 μm destaca la concentración del Fe (8.62%), S (5.67%) y Zn (3.22%), además de cantidades significativas de Mn, Au y Ag. Los resultados obtenidos por Difracción de Rayos X (DRX) revelaron que la matriz mineralógica de los residuos corresponden a la especie cuarzo (SiO2), además de la presencia de sulfuros como pirita (FeS2) y esfalerita (Zn0.9Fe0.11S0.99), especies minerales observadas mediante las técnicas Microscopia Óptica de Polarización (MOP) y Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido con Microanálisis por Dispersión de Energías (MEB-EDS) con la cual se identificó la relación y distribución de los elementos C, Fe, Zn, Cu, Al, Si, S, K, Ca y Mn.