bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Requerimiento hidrico y areas sujetas a riego en Espinar: estimaciones
Authors: Gil Juan E.
Published: October 2021

Espinar constituye uno de los escenarios más importantes en los aspectos ecuario, agrícola, piscícola y turismo; la planicie andina posee pasturas naturales y suelos ricos en humus, los que son una muestra del potencial uso que se podría dar a estos recursos naturales. La pradera andina en Espinar es equivalente a 300,000 hectáreas, éstas podrían ser más productivas si se incorporaran tecnologías de riego, mejoramiento de pastos y ganado, uso del agua en piscicultura, principalmente truchicultura. El principal colector es el río Apurimac y sus tributarios que surcan el territorio con excelentes caudales en época de precipitación y evidencian caudales críticos en temporada de secas y conducen a través de sus cauces el recurso hídrico que podría ser empleado para el despegue socio-económico y ambiental de los pobladores de Espinar que pertenece a la región Cusco. Las estimaciones sobre demanda del recurso hídrico, han sido efectuadas empleando metodologías convencionales para los diversos usos del agua, vinculados a la irrigación de pasturas, empleo en ganadería de camélidos sudamericanos, ovinos, vacunos y en truchicultura; los cálculos han sido determinados en base a información primaria y a la experiencia desarrollada durante los últimos años en el ámbito de estudio, que está referido a la superficie de directa influencia del río Apurimac. Las estimaciones se vinculan a los usos del agua para consumo humano, irrigación en agricultura y de pasturas, actividades pecuarias, piscicultura y, caudal ecológico; siendo la demanda hídrica calculada de 48.8 m3/s requeridos para irrigar 45,421 ha.
A percepção do usuário quanto ao projeto padrão adotado na arquitetura escolar brasileira
Authors: Cordeiro José Henrique , Kremer Cabral Lisiê , Portella Adriana , Costa de Oliveira Ana Lúcia
Published: October 2021

No Brasil, no início do período republicano, com o entendimento da educação como ferramenta progresso, surgiu a prática da criação de instituições escolares originadas em um modelo padrão. O processo de industrialização do país, aliado à normatização da arquitetura, fez com que a reprodução de projetos padronizados se tornasse comum a nível nacional, embasada na justificativa do desenvolvimento através da racionalização e estandardização da construção. Nos anos 1990, o país implementou novos programas sociais, um deles embasado na educação em turno integral com nova estrutura pedagógica, materializado nos Centros Integrais de Atenção à Criança e ao Adolescente – CIACs – escolas de projeto padrão com autoria do arquiteto João Filgueiras Lima. Em 1992, o programa que originou as escolas CIAC foi alterado e esse modelo de instituição passou a ser chamado de CAIC – Centro de Atenção Integral à Criança e ao Adolescente, tendo poucas alterações em seu projeto arquitetônico e mantendo o mesmo programa pedagógico já utilizado. Através de um estudo de caso no CAIC da cidade de Pelotas, em que foram realizadas entrevistas com professores da escola para compreender sua percepção frente a uma escola de arquitetura padrão, este artigo apresenta os CAICs e seu histórico, assim como trata da apropriação e da formação de identidade dos usuários no contexto do projeto padrão. O trabalho evidencia que esse tipo de atuação já coloca a futura edificação sujeita a prováveis intervenções, de forma que o usuário possa sanar os problemas oriundos da falta do planejamento participativo na fase projetual da escola.
SERBIAN DIASPORABETWEEN DISSOLUTION AND UNITY
Authors: ĆUJIĆ MIODRAG
Published: October 2021

Cooperation between the Serbian diaspora and the Republic of Serbia is not expressed in full potential, because it is limited to a one-sided financial and partly cultural concept. In order for the Serbian diaspora to reach its full potential, it is necessary to expand the existing concepts. Contemporary problems in expression national identity require a more serious approach, because if only one member of the community is neglected, especially if he is in the diaspora, in the near future the consequences will be such that in addition to weakening awareness of belonging, the end result will be loss of national identity. This outcome can be prevented if the criteria of the current relationship between the Republic of Serbia and its citizens in the diaspora are redefined. Accent it is necessary to set on: (1) better and more comprehensive elements of statistical indicators of migration of domestic citizens; (2) a different approach to the economic draft budget of the Republic of Serbia, which would go beyond the current framework, short-term assistance from the diaspora in the form of remittances; 3) the issue of security of citizens of the Republic of Serbia is completely left to the states in which they currently exist, which is insufficient; (4) the cultural component is represented, but unfortunately through unilateral efforts mainly by the diaspora, while the home country is largely reserved. The essential problem is in the cooperation of these two sides of one state. If this cooperation remains at the level it is at now, the question is whether the sec-ond generation in the diaspora will have any empathy towards the country of their origin.
Single-particle characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in background air in Northern Europe
Authors: Passig Johannes , Schade Julian , Irsig Robert , Kröger-Badge Thomas , Czech Hendryk , Adam Thomas , Fallgren Henrik , Moldanova Jana , Sklorz Martin , Streibel Thorsten , Zimmermann Ralf
Published: October 2021

Abstract. We investigated the distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) on individual ambient aerosol particles at the Swedish west coast in a pristine environment for ten days in October 2019. The measurements were carried out using new technology in single-particle mass spectrometry (SPMS) that reveals both the inorganic particle composition as well as the particle-bound PAHs. More than 290,000 particles were characterized; 4,412 of them reveal PAH signatures. Most of the PAH-containing particles were internal mixtures of carbonaceous material, secondary nitrate, and metals from distant sources in Central and Eastern Europe. We characterize the aerosol with respect to the inorganic composition, comparable to conventional SPMS before we discuss the distribution of PAHs within this particle ensemble. Vice versa, we analyze the single-particle PAH spectra for characteristic patterns and discuss the inorganic composition, origin, and atmospheric processing of the respective particles. The study period comprised different meteorological situations: clean air conditions with winds from the North Sea/Kattegat and little terrestrial air pollution, long-range transport from Eastern Europe and southern Sweden as well as transport of aerosols from Central Europe over the sea. For all meteorological conditions, PAHs were detected in particles whose inorganic content indicates traffic emissions, such as soot, iron, and calcium as well as in particles with biomass burning signatures. However, there were variations in their amounts, dependent on the geographic origin. Because of strong mixing, rapid degradation, and speciation limits, e.g. for PAHs of the same nominal mass, the application of diagnostic ratios for source apportionment is limited under the conditions of our study. Nevertheless, the combination with the inorganic content and meteorological data provide unique insight into the particles’ origin, aging, and mixing state. We exemplarily show how the observation of PAH profiles and inorganic secondary components on a single-particle level can open a new door to investigate aerosol aging processes. To our best knowledge, we herewith present the first comprehensive study on the single-particle distribution of PAHs in ambient air as well as the first set of combined data on PAHs and inorganic composition on a single-particle level.
Monitoring the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) short-wave infrared (SWIR) module instrument stability using desert sites
Authors: van Kempen Tim A. , Oggionni Filippo , van Hees Richard M.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Since its launch in 2017, Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) on S-5P has provided very high quality data using daily global coverage for a number of key atmospheric trace gases. Over its first 1000 d in operation, the short-wave infrared (SWIR) module has been very stable, and the continuously monitored calibration has remained of high quality. This calibration relies on a combination of extensive pre-launch and post-launch measurements, complemented by regular monitoring of internal light sources and background measurements.
In this paper we present a method and results for independent validation of the SWIR module calibration and instrument stability by examining the signal stability of a sample of 23 pseudo-invariant calibration desert sites. The data covers over 2 years of operational data.
With a Lambertian surface assumption, the results show that the SWIR module has little to no instrument degradation down to an accuracy of about 0.3 % yr−1, validating results obtained from the internal calibration suite. The method presented here will be used as ongoing validation of the SWIR calibration.
Comparison of mid-latitude single- and mixed-phase cloud optical depth from co-located infrared spectrometer and backscatter lidar measurements
Authors: Di Natale Gianluca , Barucci Marco , Belotti Claudio , Bianchini Giovanni , D'Amato Francesco , Del Bianco Samuele , Gai Marco , Montori Alessio , Sussmann Ralf , Viciani Silvia , Vogelmann Hannes , Palchetti Luca
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The long-wave downwelling spectral radiance measurements performed by means of the Far-Infrared Radiation Mobile Observation System (FIRMOS) spectrometer at the summit of the Zugspitze (German Alps) in the winter 2018/19 allowed the retrieval of the optical and micro-physical properties of ice and mixed clouds, showing a good agreement of the statistical relationship between the ice water path and the ice optical depth with the ones from previous works. In this paper the optical depths retrieved from FIRMOS are initially compared with selected cases calculated from backscattering light detection and ranging (lidar) data by using a transmittance method. Then, in order to compare the whole FIRMOS dataset, the power-law relationship between backscattering and extinction is used to apply the Klett method and automatize the routine. Minimizing the root mean square differences, the exponent k of the power-law relationship is assessed to be 0.85 with a variability in the range of 0.60–1.10 for ice clouds and 0.50 with a variability within 0.30–0.70 for mixed clouds.
Continuous mapping of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air quality in East Asia at daily 6×6 km2 resolution by application of a random forest algorithm to 2011–2019 GOCI geostationary satellite data
Authors: Pendergrass Drew C. , Jacob Daniel J. , Zhai Shixian , Kim Jhoon , Koo Ja-Ho , Lee Seoyoung , Bae Minah , Kim Soontae
Published: October 2021

Abstract. We use 2011–2019 aerosol optical depth (AOD) observations from the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) instrument over East Asia to infer 24-h daily surface fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations at continuous 6x6 km2 resolution over eastern China, South Korea, and Japan. This is done with a random forest (RF) algorithm applied to the gap-filled GOCI AODs and other data and trained with PM2.5 observations from the three national networks. The predicted 24-h PM2.5 concentrations for sites entirely withheld from training in a ten-fold crossvalidation procedure correlate highly with network observations (R2 = 0.89) with single-value precision of 26–32 % depending on country. Prediction of annual mean values has R2 = 0.96 and single-value precision of 12 %. The RF algorithm is only moderately successful for diagnosing local exceedances of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) because these exceedances are typically within the single-value precisions of the RF, and also because of RF smoothing of extreme PM2.5 concentrations. The area-weighted and population-weighted trends of RF PM2.5 concentrations for eastern China, South Korea, and Japan show steady 2015–2019 declines consistent with surface networks, but the surface networks in eastern China and South Korea underestimate population exposure. Further examination of RF PM2.5 fields for South Korea identifies hotspots where surface network sites were initially lacking and shows 2015–2019 PM2.5 decreases across the country except for flat concentrations in the Seoul metropolitan area. Inspection of monthly PM2.5 time series in Beijing, Seoul, and Tokyo shows that the RF algorithm successfully captures observed seasonal variations of PM2.5 even though AOD and PM2.5 often have opposite seasonalities. Application of the RF algorithm to urban pollution episodes in Seoul and Beijing demonstrates high skill in reproducing the observed day-to-day variations in air quality as well as spatial patterns on the 6 km scale. Comparison to a CMAQ simulation for the Korean peninsula demonstrates the value of the continuous RF PM2.5 fields for testing air quality models, including over North Korea where they offer a unique resource.
Development and Application of a Supervised Pattern Recognition Algorithm for Identification of Fuel-Specific Emissions Profiles
Authors: Stamatis Christos , Barsanti Kelley Claire
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Wildfires have increased in frequency, duration and size in the western United States (U.S.) over the past decades. These trends are projected to continue, with negative consequences for air quality across the U.S. Wildfires emit large quantities of particles and gases that serve as air pollutants and their precursors, and can lead to severe air quality conditions over large spatial and long temporal scales. Characterization of the chemical constituents in smoke as a function of combustion conditions, fuel type, and fuel component is an important step towards improving the prediction of air quality effects from fires and evaluating mitigation strategies. Building on the comprehensive characterization of gaseous non-methane organic compounds (NMOCs) identified in laboratory and field studies, a supervised pattern recognition algorithm was developed that successfully identified unique chemical speciation profiles among similar fuel types common in western coniferous forests. The algorithm was developed using laboratory data from single fuel species and tested on simplified synthetic fuel mixtures. The fuel types in the synthetic mixtures were differentiated but as the relative mixing proportions became more similar, the differentiation became poorer. Using the results from the pattern recognition algorithm, a classification model based on linear discriminant analysis was trained to differentiate smoke samples based on the contribution(s) of dominant fuel type(s). The classification model was applied to field data and despite the complexity of contributing fuels, and the presence of fuels "unknown" to the classifier, the dominant sources/fuel types were identified correctly. The pattern recognition and classification algorithms are a promising approach for identifying the types of fuels contributing to smoke samples and facilitating selection of appropriate chemical speciation profiles for predictive air quality modeling, using a highly reduced suite of measured NMOCs. Utility and performance of the pattern recognition and classification algorithms can be improved by expanding the training and test sets to include data from a broader range of single and mixed fuel types.
Identification of Smoke and Sulfuric Acid Aerosol in SAGE III/ISS Extinction Spectra Following the 2019 Raikoke Eruption
Authors: Knepp Travis , Thomason Larry , Kovilakam Mahesh , Tackett Jason , Kar Jayanta , Damadeo Robert , Flittner David
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The 2019 eruption of Raikoke was the largest volcanic eruption since 2011 and it was coincident with 2 major wildfires in the northern hemisphere. The impact of these events was manifest in the SAGE III/ISS extinction coefficient measurements. As the volcanic aerosol layers moved southward, a secondary peak emerged at an altitude higher than that which is expected for sulfuric acid aerosol. It was hypothesized that this secondary plume may contain a non-negligible amount of smoke contribution. We developed a technique to classify the composition of enhanced aerosol layers as either smoke or sulfuric acid aerosol. This method takes advantage of the different spectral properties of smoke and sulfuric acid aerosol, which is manifest in distinctly different spectral slopes in the SAGE III/ISS data. Herein we demonstrate the utility of this method using 4 case-study events (2018 Ambae eruption, 2019 Ulawun eruption, 2017 Canadian pyroCb, and 2020 Australian pyroCb) and provide corroborative data from the CALIOP instrument before applying it to the Raikoke plumes. We determined that, in the time period following the Raikoke eruption, smoke and sulfuric acid aerosol were present throughout the atmosphere and the 2 aerosol types were preferentially partitioned to higher (smoke) and lower (sulfuric acid) altitudes. Herein, we present an evaluation of the performance of this classification scheme within the context of the aforementioned case-study events followed by a brief discussion of this method's applicability to other events as well as its limitations.
Towards a history of Holocene P dynamics for the Northern Hemisphere using lake sediment geochemical records
Authors: Moyle Madeleine , Boyle John F. , Chiverrell Richard C.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Present-day lake water phosphorus (P) enrichment and accelerated P cycling are changes superimposed on a dynamic Holocene history of
landscape development following glaciation, changes in climate, and long-term low-intensity human activity. Knowledge of the history of long-term
P dynamics is essential for understanding present-day landscape P export and for managing both terrestrial and aquatic
environments. This study is the first attempt to constrain the timing and magnitude of terrestrial changes in Holocene P dynamics across the
Northern Hemisphere using lake sediment records. Here we reconstruct trajectories in terrestrial Holocene P dynamics for the Northern Hemisphere. We apply a simple process model to published
lake sediment geochemical P records from 24 sites, producing records of landscape P yield and reconstructing lake water total
phosphorus (TP) concentrations. Individual site trajectories of landscape P yield and lake water TP vary systematically, with differences
attributable to local landscape development history. Three distinct traits are apparent. Mountain sites with minimal direct human impact show
falling P supply and conform to conceptual models of natural soil development (Trait 1). Lowland sites where substantial (pre-)historic
agriculture was present show progressively increasing P supply (Trait 2). Lowland sites may also show a rapid acceleration in P supply
over the last few centuries, where high-intensity land use, including settlements and farming, is present (Trait 3). Where data availability
permitted comparison, our reconstructed TP records agree well with monitored lake water TP data, and our sediment-inferred P yields are
comparable to reported catchment export coefficients. Comparison with diatom-inferred TP reveals good agreement for recent records. Our reconstructions form the first systematic assessment of average terrestrial P export for the Northern Hemisphere over the Holocene and
provide the empirical data needed for constraining long-term landscape P cycling models and values for terrestrial P export that could
be used for ocean P cycling models. The long-term perspective provided by our sediment-inferred TP can be used to identify pre-disturbance
baselines for lake water quality, information essential to target-driven lake management. We find the first detectable anthropogenic impacts on
P cycling ca. 6000 BP, with more substantial impacts as early as 3000 BP. Consequently, to characterize pre-disturbance lake P
conditions at Trait 2 and Trait 3 sites, it is necessary to consider time periods before the arrival of early farmers. Our use of trait
classifications has a predictive power for sites without sediment records, allowing prediction of TP baselines and P trajectories based on
regional landscape development history.
Assessing the representation of the Australian carbon cycle in global vegetation models
Authors: Teckentrup Lina , De Kauwe Martin G. , Pitman Andrew J. , Goll Daniel S. , Haverd Vanessa , Jain Atul K. , Joetzjer Emilie , Kato Etsushi , Lienert Sebastian , Lombardozzi Danica , McGuire Patrick C. , Melton Joe R. , Nabel Julia E. M. S. , Pongratz Julia , Sitch Stephen , Walker Anthony P. , Zaehle Sönke
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Australia plays an important role in the global terrestrial carbon cycle on inter-annual timescales. While the Australian continent is included in global assessments of the carbon cycle such as the global carbon budget, the performance of dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) over Australia has rarely been evaluated. We assessed simulations of net biome production (NBP) and the carbon stored in vegetation between 1901 to 2018 from 13 DGVMs (TRENDY v8 ensemble). We focused our analysis on Australia's short-term (inter-annual) and long-term (decadal to centennial) terrestrial carbon dynamics. The TRENDY models simulated differing magnitudes of NBP on inter-annual timescales, and these differences resulted in significant differences in long-term vegetation carbon accumulation (−4.7 to 9.5 Pg C). We compared the TRENDY ensemble to several satellite-derived datasets and showed that the spread in the models' simulated carbon storage resulted from varying changes in carbon residence time rather than differences in net carbon uptake. Differences in simulated long-term accumulated NBP between models were mostly due to model responses to land-use change. The DGVMs also simulated different sensitivities to atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, although notably, the models with nutrient cycles did not simulate the smallest NBP response to CO2. Our results suggest that a change in the climate forcing did not have a large impact on the carbon cycle on long timescales. However, the inter-annual variability in precipitation drives the year-to-year variability in NBP. We analysed the impact of key modes of climate variability, including the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), on NBP. While the DGVMs agreed on sign of the response of NBP to El Niño and La Niña and to positive and negative IOD events, the magnitude of inter-annual variability in NBP differed strongly between models. In addition, we find that differences in the timing of simulated phenology and fire dynamics are associated with differences in simulated or prescribed vegetation cover and process representation. We further find model disagreement in simulated vegetation carbon, phenology, and apparent carbon residence time, indicating that the models have different types and coverage of vegetation across Australia (whether prescribed or emergent). Our study highlights the need to evaluate parameter assumptions and the key processes that drive vegetation dynamics, such as phenology, mortality, and fire, in an Australian context to reduce uncertainty across models.
Changing sub-Arctic tundra vegetation upon permafrost degradation: impact on foliar mineral element cycling
Authors: Mauclet Elisabeth , Agnan Yannick , Hirst Catherine , Monhonval Arthur , Pereira Benoît , Vandeuren Aubry , Villani Maëlle , Ledman Justin , Taylor Meghan , Jasinski Briana L. , Schuur Edward A. G. , Opfergelt Sophie
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Arctic warming and permafrost degradation are modifying northern ecosystems through changes in microtopography, soil water dynamics, nutrient availability, and vegetation succession. Upon permafrost degradation, the release of deep stores of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus from newly thawed permafrost stimulates Arctic vegetation production. More specifically, wetter lowlands show an increase in sedges (as part of graminoids), whereas drier uplands favor shrub expansion. In turn, shifts in the composition of vegetation may influence local mineral element cycling through litter production. In this study, we evaluate the influence of permafrost degradation on mineral element foliar stocks and potential annual fluxes upon litterfall. We measured the foliar elemental composition (Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mn, P, S, Si, and Zn) on ~500 samples of typical tundra vegetation species from two contrasting Alaskan sites, i.e., under experimental (CiPEHR) and ambient (Gradient) warming. The foliar concentration of these mineral elements was species specific, with sedge leaves having relatively high Si concentration, and shrub leaves having relatively high Ca and Mn concentrations. Therefore, changes in the species biomass composition of the Arctic tundra in response to permafrost thaw are expected to be the main factors that dictate changes in elemental composition of foliar stocks and maximum potential foliar fluxes upon litterfall. We observed an increase in the mineral element foliar stocks and potential annual litterfall fluxes, with Si increasing with sedge expansion in wetter sites (CiPEHR), and Ca and Mn increasing with shrub expansion in drier sites (Gradient). Consequently, we expect that sedge and shrub expansion upon permafrost thaw will lead to changes in litter elemental composition, and affect nutrient cycling across the sub-Arctic tundra, with potential implications for further vegetation succession.
COSMOS-Europe: A European Network of Cosmic-Ray Neutron Soil Moisture Sensors
Authors: Bogena Heye , Schrön Martin , Jakobi Jannis , Ney Patrizia , Zacharias Steffen , Andreasen Mie , Baatz Roland , Boorman David , Duygu Berk M. , Eguibar-Galán Miguel A. , Fersch Benjamin , Franke Till , Geris Josie , González Sanchis María , Kerr Yann , Korf Tobias , Mengistu Zalalem , Mialon Arnaud , Nasta Paolo , Nitychoruk Jerzy , Pisinaras Vassilios , Rasche Daniel , Rosolem Rafael , Said Hami , Schattan Paul , Zreda Marek , Achleitner Stefan , Albentosa-Hernández Eduardo , Akyürek Zuhal , Blume Theresa , del Campo Antonio , Dimitrova-Petrova Katya , Evans John G. , Frances Felix , Güntner Andreas , Herrmann Frank , Iwema Joost , Jensen Karsten Høgh , Kunstmann Harald , Lidón Antonio , Looms Majken Caroline , Oswald Sascha , Panagopoulos Andreas , Patil Amol , Power Daniel , Rebmann Corinna , Romano Nunzio , Scheiffele Lena M. , Seneviratne Sonia , Weltin Georg , Vereecken Harry
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Human-caused climate change increases the occurrence and severity of droughts due to increasing temperatures, altered circulation patterns and reduced snow occurrence. For example, Europe has suffered from drought events in the last decade like never since the beginning of weather recording. Here we present soil moisture data from 65 Cosmic-ray neutron sensors (CRNS) in Europe (COSMOS-Europe for short) covering recent drought events. The CRNS sites are distributed across Europe and cover all major land use types and climate zones in Europe. The raw neutron count data from the CRNS stations were provided by 23 research institutions and processed using state-of-the-art methods. The harmonised processing included correction of the raw neutron counts, and a harmonised methodology for the conversion into soil moisture based on available in-situ information. In addition, information on the data uncertainty is provided with the dataset, information that is particularly useful for remote sensing and modelling applications. This paper presents the current spatiotemporal coverage of CRNS stations in Europe and describes the protocols for data processing from raw measurements to consistent soil moisture products as well as first results on how the recent drought events have been captured by the CRNS network. This harmonised European soil moisture dataset will help both hydrologists and climate scientists to study individual drought events, to understand their causes, to evaluate and improve their modelling, and to estimate the extremity of current events. The dataset, entitled “Dataset of COSMOS-Europe: A European network of Cosmic-Ray Neutron Soil Moisture Sensors”, is shared via Forschungszentrum Jülich: https://doi.org/10.34731/x9s3-kr48 (Bogena and Ney, 2021).
Preparing Education Researchers: Identifying Necessary Competencies for Teachers, Administrators, and Student Affairs Professionals
Authors: Cole Annie , Smith Rebecca
Published: October 2021

This descriptive study aimed to answer two research questions: (a) what are the assessment, evaluation, and research (AER) competencies necessary for three educator types (teachers, K-12 administrators, and higher education student affairs professionals); and (b) what are the similarities and differences in competencies by educator type? Current professional standards for each educator type were identified and coded for alignment with AER topics, then reviewed for similarities and differences. Results suggest that teacher competency standards focus heavily on assessment; administrator competencies focus on ethical decision making and continuous improvement; and student affairs professional standards focus on advocacy and supporting institutional mission. These results imply that education preparation programs may need to adjust AER course curriculum and instruction to align with distinct educator needs.
Reflecting on the Journey Towards Identity and Belonging During Professional Doctoral Study
Authors: Martin Christopher
Published: October 2021

The Professional Doctorate in Education (EdD) is a doctoral level professional qualification for practising teachers that affords the opportunity to research an area of practice of particular interest. Many EdD students encounter mixed feelings, emotions and new identities as many could be leaders within their employment and seen as ‘experts’ in their role, however, they may find themselves on the periphery of a new community of which they are yet to feel a part. This reflective paper explores the role of ‘identity’ and ‘belonging’ in Professional Doctoral students with particular emphasis placed on situated learning theory (Lave & Wenger, 1991) and the notion of communities of practice. I discuss the idea of ‘identity congruence’ and how I experienced this in terms of my identity as a leader of learning and as a fledgling doctoral researcher. The paper concludes that communities of practice promote a sense of community and belonging that have clearly supported me through the doctoral journey.
Editorial
Authors: Alfie José
Published: October 2021

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De la educación a distancia en pandemia a la modalidad hibrida en pospandemia
Authors: Carbonell García Carmen Elena , Rodríguez Román Rufino , Sosa Aparicio Luis Alberto , Alva Olivos Manuel Antonio
Published: October 2021

El objetivo del trabajo fue explorar los factores que inciden en la puesta en práctica de la educación a distancia en el contexto pandémico, a nivel global. Metodológicamente, se hizo una revisión sistemática sobre la productividad científica en torno a la variable de estudio, en las bases de datos Education Resouces Information Center, ScienceDirect, Scopus y Web of Science. Siendo criterios de inclusión artículos de investigación publicados en revistas científicas en el período 2020-2021, escritos en español e inglés en el área de educación. Los principales hallazgos mostraron datos empíricos y teóricos referentes a: Dificultad para: la conectividad a internet, acceder a equipos e infraestructura tecnológica y digital y relacionarse estudiantes-docentes; también se encontró débiles competencias digitales; amplitud de la brecha digital y en las desigualdades educativas y socioeconómicas. Se concluye, que la tendencia ha sido el incremento en el uso de la tecnología de información y comunicación para sostener las actividades educativas, pero paralelamente el acceso a estos medios es limitado, conllevando a complejos procesos educativos bajo la modalidad a distancia, que exigen ampliar la búsqueda de estrategias que minimicen las dificultades impuestas por la realidad, siendo la alternativa la modalidad hibrida.
Alfabetización Económica en la Población más Vulnerable de Barraquilla
Authors: Llorach Barrios Carlos de Jesús
Published: October 2021

En la economía monetaria se ha generado una gran gama de productos y servicios financieros cuyo conocimiento es cada vez más necesario. Este trabajo busca analizar la situación del alfabetismo económico y la caracterización de los hábitos de consumo y endeudamiento de familias vulnerables de la ciudad de Barranquilla, Colombia. Para eso se realizó una encuesta a 18 familias de los estratos 1, 2 y 3, seleccionados mediante un muestreo opinático. Los resultados muestran que jóvenes y adultos presentan dificultades, para comprender conceptos económicos básicos, pero que poseen habilidades, destrezas en el manejo de sus recursos. Además, en estas familias se vive la tensión entre contar con ingresos bajos y lidiar contra el efecto imitación, la preferencia por la liquidez o el efecto conspicuo. Se concluye, que el conocimiento económico que asumen y manejan las personas de la muestra corresponden más a estrategias de supervivencia con preponderancia del efecto ingreso.
Consumo en los millennials en época de covid-19 en México, Ecuador y Colombia
Authors: Peñalosa Otero Mónica Eugenia , López Celis Diana María , Fischer de la Vega Laura Estela , Ortega Vivanco Mayra Janet
Published: October 2021

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar de manera transversal el comportamiento del consumidor de la generación “Y” o millennials en México, Ecuador y Colombia, en época de confinamiento por el COVID-19. Para tal fin, se realizó una investigación descriptiva, concluyente y no experimental, con niveles de análisis de corte correlacional y enfoque cuantitativo; para el trabajo de campo, se aplicó un cuestionario vía online con el Survey monkey, a través de muestreo no probabilístico. Finalmente, los constructos estudiados fueron factores personales, factores sociales, factores psicológicos, factores culturales, comportamiento en el consumo y factores de sostenibilidad. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó el paquete estadístico SPSS en su versión 25; a través del cual con el estadístico U de Man Whitney, con un nivel de significancia 0.05, se determinó que no hay diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los factores evaluados y la variable género, lo que permite concluir que no hay comportamientos diferenciados en cuanto a compra, teniendo en cuenta esta variable, permitiendo realizar estrategias de mercadeo generales para los millennialls.
Capacidades de adaptación al cambio en organizaciones del centro histórico de Tunja
Authors: Paredes Castellanos Eugenio , Hernández Carrillo Carlos Gabriel , Rojas Sánchez Isaura
Published: October 2021

El centro histórico de Tunja tiene la mayor concentración de actividad demográfica y económica de la ciudad y se compone de un enriquecido patrimonio arquitectónico y cultural. No obstante, los actuales fenómenos globales y urbanos han generado variaciones en el entorno y los patrones socioeconómicos que influyen en las tradicionales dinámicas comerciales. Estos cambios generan retos en la adaptación de sus organizaciones. Por lo anterior, la presente investigación busca analizar las características gerenciales y comerciales que influyen en la adaptación al cambio en el centro histórico de Tunja. Por lo anterior, se formuló un análisis que relaciona las causalidades de percepción con las herramientas de gestión para la permanencia mediante el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Los resultados determinaron que el capital humano posee habilidades relacionadas con el conocimiento de proceso y trabajo colaborativo. Sin embargo, existen deficiencias tecnológicas de información y comunicación en la gestión organizacional. Por lo anterior, fue posible estimar y formular acciones para la planeación estratégica en coherencia con la relación de la organización y su entorno para generar sinergia con los grupos de interés y el soporte de políticas que incorporen acciones de adaptación al cambio.
Los llamados puentes alimentarios: solidaridad, lucha contra el despilfarro y derechos humanos
Authors: Ibáñez-Zamacona María Eugenia , Rebato Esther , Escajedo San-Epifanio Leire
Published: October 2021

La convivencia entre altas tasas de despilfarro alimentario y una creciente bolsa de personas en situación de pobreza alimentaria es una de las paradojas del sistema alimentario contemporáneo. Los puentes alimentarios son estrategias que, impulsadas por distintos actores, persiguen que alimentos aptos para el consumo que han quedado fuera del circuito comercial puedan ser reconducidos hacia personas que están en situación o riesgo de exclusión social. En algunos casos, dichas estrategias no han surgido tanto desde un deseo de atender a personas que están en situación o riesgo de inseguridad alimentaria, sino más bien desde la necesidad de dar salida a importantes cantidades de excedentes alimentarios e, incluso, con el objetivo de acceder a los beneficios fiscales y sociales que se asocian a las donaciones de alimentos. Quedan así relegadas a un segundo plano cuestiones como el impacto que este tipo de prácticas tienen en las personas receptoras de los alimentos y la compatibilidad de algunos modelos de donación con fórmulas de intervención social que están orientadas al desarrollo de la autonomía de las personas. Tras un análisis de estrategias de captación y donación de alimentos sobrantes que están en activo en distintas zonas de España, el presente trabajo analiza, desde un enfoque de derechos humanos, las luces y sombras de este tipo de estrategias a corto, medio y largo plazo
Cartografiando los mercados reproductivos
Authors: Fernández de Bobadilla Clara
Published: October 2021

Ana María Rivas Rivas, Consuelo Álvarez Plaza (eds.). (2020). Etnografía de los mercados reproductivos: actores, instituciones y legislaciones”. Valencia: Tirant lo Blanc
Alimentación y desigualdad en Barcelona: itinerarios de precarización y respuestas ante la crisis
Authors: Durán Monfort Paula , Muñoz García Araceli , Llobet Estany Marta , Magaña-González Claudia Rocío
Published: October 2021

El texto que presentamos se centra en el impacto que la crisis económica ha tenido en la situación de precarización alimentaria de las familias monoparentales, las familias migrantes y las personas mayores en Barcelona, y en las estrategias que están desarrollando para hacerle frente. También analiza las respuestas que se articulan en la ciudad, el efecto de estas prácticas en el bienestar de las personas y la incidencia que tienen en la transformación de las desigualdades existentes en materia alimentaria. En este contexto, se plantea la importancia de reflexionar conjuntamente entre todos los actores, a través de nuevas formas-espacios conversacionales, que permiten repensar la ayuda alimentaria desde una diversidad de lugares; para construir conjuntamente soluciones que apelen a la responsabilidad colectiva y permitan el acceso igualitario de las personas a una alimentación que sea de calidad y adaptada socioculturalmente.
Intangible Resources as Key Determinants of Job Network Providers’ Success: A Resource-based Study
Authors: Ichrakie Fouad
Published: October 2021

In the last 50 years, many explanations of the determinants of a firm’s success have emerged. One main research stream has dominated the literature on strategic management, grounded in the ‘resource-based view’. Its main assumptions hold that resources possessing specific characteristics such as being valuable, rare, inimitable and non-substitutable are the key determinants of a firm’s success, and are generally regarded to be intangible in nature. In an effort to add to the body of research within the ‘resource-based view’, this paper seeks to test the core assumptions of the ‘resource-based view’ within the Job Network industry in Australia. Given that firms access various intangible resources as they try to carry out a market strategy, this present study is interested in investigating whether or not, intangible resources (capabilities) classified as skills contribute more to Job Network providers’ success than intangible resources in the form of assets, as prescribed by the ‘resource-based view’ theory. To carry out the present study, a conceptual model of intangible resources was developed based on Hall’s (1992) classification of intangible resources divided into two categories: assets and capabilities, but extends this earlier work by including some other resources available for Job Network providers in Australia (e.g. relationships abilities and functional routine). A single hypothesis was posited to investigate the assumption that capabilities contribute largely to Job Network providers’ market and financial performance, rather than intangible assets. This model was tested via a survey encompassing Job Network providers in Australia. Of the 200 questionnaires distributed, a final sample of 69 providers was analysed using multiple regression analysis. Providers’ duration in business was used as a control variable. The findings of the present study revealed mixed results. Capabilities were found to be a significant contributor to providers’ market performance and not financial performance, after accounting for the effects of other intangible assets and the control variable. By contrast, organisational assets were found to be a significant contributor to both market and financial performance measures. In addition, intellectual property and reputation assets were not found to be significant in predicting providers’ market and financial performance. Therefore, in contrast to the ‘resource-based-view’ theory, capabilities were not found to be the single most important contributor to Job Network providers’ performance. Thus, the findings of this study may raise some important issues regarding which intangible resources are the most important contributors to providers’ market and financial performance. They also offer a rich avenue for further investigations.
ASSOCIATION OF INFANT FEEDING PRACTICES AND FOOD NEOPHOBIA AMONG PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN IN OROGUN COMMUNITY, IBADAN
Authors: Okonkwo E. M. , Samuel F. O.
Published: October 2021

This study determined food neophobia (FN) and the relationship of infant feeding practice (IFP) and (FN) among pre-school children in Orogun community, Ibadan. Three hundred and seventy mothers of pre-school children were chosen using a systematic random sampling technique from a pre-survey house to house list of eligible children. A semi-structured questionnaire that included socio-demographic characteristics, retrospective breastfeeding practice, retrospective complementary feeding practice (CFP) and FN scales were used to collect information. Data were analyzed using descriptive and logistic regression. The exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rate was 26.8% and 38% of the mothers had a good breastfeeding practice. Timely initiation of complementary feeding was 54%. The prevalence of FN was 35%. Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds for FN was higher among children who were initiated to breastfeeding late (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 0.886 – 2.31), children that were not breastfed on demand (OR = 1.766, 95% CI: 0.925 – 3.372), those not exclusively breastfed for six months (OR = 1.366, 95% CI: 0.834 – 2.240) and children introduced to complementary food before 6 months (OR = 1.473, 95% CI: 0.787 – 2.760). Most rejected foods were from the fruits and vegetable group. There were suboptimal IFP in the study and prevalence of FN was high.  Poor IFP were associated with FN. Community-based nutrition education programs should be encouraged to improve IFP.
دور أنماط القيادة في إدارة رأس المال الفكري دراسة حالة دائرة جمارك امارة دبي بدولة الامارات العربية المتحدة
Authors: محمد حسين المازمي الاستاذ / محمد على , حنفي محمد نور تبيدي الدكتور/ محمد
Published: October 2021

This research aimed primarily to identify the role of leadership patterns in the management of intellectual capital at the Dubai Custom Authority in the United Arab Emirates State. The research problem statement is well represented in the study and analysis of the role of the prevailing leadership patterns and the effect of the same on the management of intellectual capital at the Dubai Custom Authority. To achieve the research objectives, the following hypotheses have been tested: The leadership patterns do not significantly affect the dimensions of intellectual capital. The transactional leadership pattern does not significantly affect the dimensions of intellectual capital. The transformational leadership pattern does not significantly affect the dimensions of intellectual capital.

     The research used the analytical, descriptive approach to affect the research study. The research has reached a number of research findings, the most significant of which are the following: There is a high level of each of the dimensions of the measurement of leadership patterns among the employees at the Customs Centers in Dubai. There is a direct correlation that is statistically significant between the human and intellectual capital and customers' capital and the transformational leadership pattern, while, there is no correlation of statistical significance between the human and intellectual capital and customers' capital and the transactional leadership pattern. The research then concluded with a set of recommendations, including the following: The research recommended deepening, managing and developing the intellectual capital concept to achieve the competitive advantages.  The research recommended choosing that type of administrative leaders who have the characteristics of transformational leadership, since it deemed as the best of leadership patterns in terms of ability to make change and affect the management and investment of the intellectual capital in an effective manner.
أثر تطبيق النظام اللامركزي على أداء ادارات الارشاد البيطري على المستوى الولائي الفترة من 2007م-2011م
Authors: محمد الأمين حمد علي د. ابوبكر
Published: October 2021

The paper aims to identify the impact of implementation of decentralization system in performance of veterinary extension directorates at state level, the study used the descriptive method and depended on analysis of extension service survey form which developed by Directorate-General of Extension,Technology Transfer and Producers Development in Ministry of livestock, Fisheries and Rangelands in 2011 for assessment the structure and activities of Directorates of Extension at state level during the period of 2007-2011,the sample size present 73.3% of Sudanese states at that time.

    The study found there is a joint Directorate for crops and livestock Extension in most states,and the numbers of manpower inadequate for the executive level,also there is inadequate budgetary allocation for them,and they have serve shortage in the main extension aids for demonstration,all that lead to serve weakness in extension activities so each state has only one programme in average through the targeted period,the paper recommended that there should be a separate units within the directorates of agricultural extension for livestock extension and communicate with the local authorities to pursue them by importance of extension role in developing production and productivity so as to allocate suitable budgets and increase the manpower size and provide them by basic equipments and hold a national conference to overcome obstacles that face extension directorates at the state level.