bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vencer la «inercia ambiental». El Ing. Ignacio López Bancalari, los Sistemas Nacionales de Riego y la ciudad agrícola de Pabellón
Authors: Sifuentes Solís Marco Alejandro , García Díaz Jorge Refugio
Published: October 2024

El texto tiene el propósito de exponer algunas noticias novedosas del Ing. Ignacio López Bancalari, quien, en gran medida, contribuyó a poner en práctica las ideas del presidente Plutarco Elías Calles para construir el Primer Distrito de Riego del país. De esta manera, el reto principal de este ingeniero fue modernizar a México mediante el aprovechamiento de los recursos naturales para ampliar las fronteras agrícolas y así diseñar y proyectar la ciudad agrícola de Pabellón, la cual representó, para su época, una visión progresista de la organización del territorio en conexión con variables del paisaje y del ambiente comarcano rural o semi-rural, con objeto de vencer la inercia ambiental prevaleciente.
Face Image Recognition by using some Dimension Reduction Algorithms and Logistic Regression
Authors: Sabah Keiteb* Sura , Arebe Fadam Entsar
Published: October 2024

Face recognition is a common technique for artificial intelligence and image processing in which machine-learning algorithms automatically recognize a person's face through a huge image collection or even from a live video since there is difficulty in detecting data when using different shots for the same person in a facial recognition system, it takes time to determine person's membership. Furthermore, when working with high-dimensional data, where the 2D-pixel values of facial images, can be computationally challenging, the face recognition problem gets harder, so the current research compares the dimensionality reduction techniques like the principal component analysis algorithm PCA, an unsupervised learning algorithm that reduces dimensions by moving them from a high-dimensional area to a lower area without losing important information, and the two-dimensional principal component analysis algorithm 2DPCA to determine which technique is most effective for the process of detecting facial images, and this method will be compared with the logistic regression which is a statistical model for face recognition that has been used for classification tasks. Two different sets of data were used, the first group represented the ORL database, which was made up of 40 individuals, while the second group represented the real data, which was made up of 100 individuals from AL-Mamoon College, the results showed that the logistic regression model achieved the lowest MSE for ORL dataset and real data by achieving (0.0024414, 0.091936) respectively, followed by 2DPCA and PCA and all three techniques reached the highest accuracy rate of 100% for facial image recognition on real data.
 
Paper type: Research paper
Environmental and climate changes and their effects on the agricultural sector in Iraq
Authors: Ahmed Shams Al-Din* Naba’h , Nema Ali Sabah
Published: October 2024

Purpose: The objective of this study was to aims to highlight the economic impacts of environmental and climate changes on both developed and developing countries, with a specific focus on Iraq's agricultural sector
Theoretical framework: The research dealt with environmental and climate changes and their effects on the agricultural sector in Iraq. The research problem revolves around the economic challenges facing Iraq, which revolve around the challenges of environmental and climate change, which exacerbate the problem of desertification, drought, and lack of water resources.
Design/methodology/approach: The researcher adopted the deductive approach and the analytical descriptive approach to study environmental and climate changes as experiences for selected countries in order to reach analyzes and conclusions related to them. The period (2004-2022) was chosen because this period witnessed confrontation with environmental and climate changes and the worsening of carbon emissions, global warming, desertification, and drought in Many countries of the world, including Iraq.
Findings: Environmental and climatic changes have a direct impact on the agricultural sector in Iraq, particularly amidst the challenges facing the global economy and food security. These changes pose an increasing threat to agricultural sectors worldwide, including in developing and Arab countries.
Research, Practical & Social implications: We propose a future research agenda and highlight environmental and climate changes and their impacts on the agricultural sector in Iraq.
Originality/value: The results indicate that the number of publications that addressed the impacts of environmental and climate change and their impacts on the agricultural sector.
Consumer knowledge of and engagement with traditional takeaway and dark kitchen food outlets
Authors: Nield Lucie , Martin Helen , Wall Claire , Pearce Jo , Rundle Rachel , Bowles Simon , Harness David , Beaumont Jordan D.
Published: October 2024

Background Dark kitchens – delivery-only food outlets operating through digital technology platforms – are a contemporary addition to the food environment. Some concerns have been raised the ability for local authorities to identify and regulate these businesses, with growing concern around the nutritional quality of foods, food safety practices and the impact on the local food environment. The present work explores consumer understanding of and engagement with dark kitchen establishments. Methods Healthy adults living in the United Kingdom completed an online survey comprising of questions measuring participant demographics, engagement with takeaways and dark kitchens, purchasing behaviours and decision making, and knowledge and understanding around dark kitchens. Questions were primarily closed-ended and quantitative. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results In total, 2,023 participants (46.3 ± 16.7 years) completed the survey. Forty percent purchased a takeaway at least weekly, often through aggregator applications (e.g., Just Eat, Deliveroo). Food was mainly purchased as a treat (79.3%), for enjoyment of the food or taste (60.8%) and for convenience (58.2%). When ordering, consumers considered the taste (88.1%), quality (83.5%), value for money (77.8%), and familiarity with (68.1%) and reputation of the business (60.0%). Only 24.7% of participants had heard of dark kitchens and 9.1% had knowingly purchased from one. After reading a working definition, 54.9% of consumers said they would purchase from a dark kitchen but most would want to know explicitly that they were ordering from these businesses. A major concern was trust in the food safety and hygiene standards. Conclusion Consumers are unfamiliar with dark kitchens and are not aware of or confident in identifying these businesses. This confusion and concerns around food safety means dark kitchens are often viewed negatively. Consumers would prefer more transparency in where their foods are being prepared to allow for more informed decision-making.
On the Nature of the C IV-bearing Circumgalactic Medium at z~1
Authors: Kumar Suyash , Chen Hsiao-Wen , Qu Zhijie , Chen Mandy C. , Zahedy Fakhri S. , Johnson Sean D. , Muzahid Sowgat , Cantalupo Sebastiano
Published: October 2024

This paper presents a detailed study of the physical properties of seven C IV absorbers identified at z_abs = 0.68-1.28 along the line of sight toward QSO PG 1522+101 (z_QSO = 1.330). The study leverages high-quality QSO spectra from HST COS and STIS, and Keck HIRES to resolve component structures and to constrain the gas density and elemental abundances of individual components. Under the assumption of photoionization equilibrium (PIE), five of the 12 C IV components require a mixture of high- and low-density phases to fully explain the observed relative abundances between low-, intermediate-, and high-ionization species. In addition, galaxy surveys carried out using VLT MUSE and Magellan LDSS3C are utilized to characterize the galaxy environments. The results of this analysis are summarized as follows: (1) no luminous galaxies (> 0.1 L*) are found within 100 kpc in projected distance from the C IV absorbers; (2) the C IV selection preferentially targets high-metallicity (near solar) and chemically-evolved gas (~ solar [C/O] elemental abundances) in galaxy halos; (3) the observed narrow line widths of individual C IV components, places a stringent limit on the gas temperature (< 5e4 K) and supports a photoionization origin; (4) additional local ionizing sources beyond the UV ionizing background may be necessary for at least one absorber based on the observed deficit of He I relative to H I; and (5) a PIE assumption may not apply when the gas metallicity exceeds the solar value and the component line width implies a warmer temperature than expected from PIE models.
POTENSI ALAM DAN PERILAKU EKONOMI MASYARAKAT DAERAH MARGINAL KABUPATEN MALANG STUDI KASUS DI DUSUN UMBUL REJO DESA SIDODADI KECAMATAN GEDANGAN KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Muar Muhammad Romli
Published: October 2024

Manusia diciptakan Allah SWT sebagai khalifah di atas bumi. Tugas manusia adalah memelihara bumi pada satu sisi dan mencari rejeki dari bumi pada sisi yang  lain. Untuk merealisasikan keduanya dibutuhkan ilmu pengetahuan agar bisa mengeksploitasi bumi tanpa merusaknya. Kreatifitas inovatif merupakan tuntutan agar seluruh kebutuhan terpenuhi dan bumi selalu terjaga dari kerusakan. Hasil bumi yang melimpah perlu sentuhan tangan-tangan trampil dalam mengolahnya sehingga bernilai ekonomi tinggi. Inilah yang menjadi realita di Dusun Umbulrejo Desa Sidodadi Kecamatan Gedangan Kabupaten Malang. Hasil bumi  melimpah tapi kurang sentuhan keterampilan dan pola pikir produktif warga. Program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Terintegrasi (PPM-T) Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat Malang mencoba membuka wawasan warga menuju usaha ekonomi kreatif dari hasil pertanian sebagai sarana peningkatan taraf perekonomian. Usaha ini diwujudkan dalam bentuk sosialisasi, pendampingan usaha kreatif sampai pada pendampingan dalam pemasaran.
COMPETENCE IMPROVEMENT OF OFFICE ADMINISTRATION TEACHERS THROUGH COMMERCIALIZATION OF PRODUCTIVE, CREATIVE, AND ENTREPRENEURS SUBJECT IN THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0
Authors: Kusdiyanti Heny , Zanky Mokhammad Nurruddin , Wati Andy Prasetyo , Febrianto Indra , Wijaya Robby
Published: October 2024

There are so many effort that have been done by the government to increase the contribution of the educational sector to support achievement of Industrial Revolution 4.0 in Indonesia. Teacher competence become one of the important thing in the educatioal improvement contribution. This study purposed to build the fundamental stategy for competence improvement model on administration’s teacher toward Industrial Revolution 4.0. This research done by training and data collection techniques used in this study are documentation, questionnaires, interviews, and test to responden. The result of this research are first, 76% of teachers understood the criteria for office administration programs that were able to face challenges in the industrial revolution era 4.0. In this case, it is able to mention a digital-based office administration program to answer the needs of industry 4.0 in the form of services. Secondly, 79% of teachers know the output of office administration programs from productive, creative and entrepreneurial (PKK) subjects that can be commercialized, including: typing services and event organizers. Based on the result it can be conclude that 2. This program is able to foster entrepreneurship (entrepreneurship) among the Office Administration Teachers in SMK 1 Boyolangu. 5. This program provides insight and provision for Tulungagung Regency Office Administration teachers who are able to provide guidance for students to live independently and skillfully now and in the future.
OPTIMALISASI PRODUK DAN PENINGKATAN NILAI TAMBAH HASIL PENJUALAN DALAM MENGHADAPI PERSAINGAN DI ERA DIGITAL DENGAN MELIBATKAN IPTEK PADA USAHA ARUNIA BAKERY DI SURABAYA
Authors: Kusairi Heri , Pratama Febrianto
Published: October 2024

Dalam dunia usaha sekarang ini tingkat persaingan antara industri-
industri bisnis semakin ketat, tak terkecuali dengan perusahaan-
perusahaan yang berada di Indonesia. Dengan semakin majunya
teknologi pada era globalisasi ini, setiap perusahaan berusaha untuk
selalu meningkatkan kualitas produksi maupun pemasaran dengan
tujuan memaksimalkan keuntungan agar sesuai target yang hendak
dicapai oleh setiap perusahaan. Persaingan yang semakin ketat dalam
dunia bisnis menuntut perusahaan agar lebih memiliki inovasi agar
dapat bersaing dengan perusahaan lainnya. Dan kami pun membuat
program pelaksanaan peningkatan hasil penjualan Arunia Bakery
pada Era digital ini. Kampung Gemol adalah nama salah satu kampung
yang berada di wilayah Surabaya. Secara geografis kampung ini
merupakan sebuah kampung yang sangat asri. Menyangkut masalah
persoalan peningkatan hasil penjualan di era digital. optimalisasi
produk ini dilakukan di kampung Dukuh Gemol RT 02, RW 03,
Kelurahan Jajar Tunggal, Kec. Wiyung, Kota Surabaya yang bertujuan
untuk meningkatkan hasil penjualan dan sebagai sarana pembelajaran
dan sebagai salah satu wilayah yang akan dikembangkan mutu
penjualan dengan baik.
PEMBELAJARAN BAGI ANAK-ANAK YANG BELUM LANCAR MEMBACA DAN MENULIS DI DESA GENTONG KECAMATAN PAKIS KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Aji Muhammad Aleku
Published: October 2024

Di dalam sebuah negara, pendidikan memang sangat penting untuk dilakukan. Karena hal itu, saya berinisiatif untuk mengadakan pembelajaran bagi anak-anak yang tinggal di desa yang masih minim dengan kesadaran akan pendidikan. Hal ini saya lakukan sebagai bentuk pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Kegiatan pembelajaran yang saya lakukan ini ditujukan bagi anak-anak yang berusia antara 5-7 tahun. Dari pembelajaran yang saya lakukan, terdapat beberapa hasil yang cukup memuaskan. Yaitu: 1) siswa mengikuti setiap kegiatan dan hadir dalam pembelajaran yang dilakukan. Hal ini, menjadi indikator bahwa siswa memiliki minat yang baik untuk mengikuti pembelajaran; 2) siswa bisa menulis dengan baik dan benar, meski beberapa kali mengalami kesalahan pada awalnya. Siswa juga bisa mengerjakan soal berhitung sederhana dengan baik dan benar; 3) siswa mampu membuat dan menyusun kalimat sederhana dengan baik, selain itu siswa juga mampu membuat susunan angka puluhan maupun ratusan.
E-BOOK PANDUAN DESA WISATA BALESARI SEBAGAI MEDIA PROMOSI
Authors: Hanif Fahmi Muhammad , Andhika Y F Farahdilla , Wahyudi Eko Yusuf
Published: October 2024

Desa Balesari sebagai salah satu desa di Kecamatan Ngajum Kabupaten Malang memiliki potensi wisata yang beragam, antara lain wisata alam dan wisata kebudayaan. Destinasi wisata yang sudah dikenal dan banyak dikunjungi oleh masyarakat antara lain Keraton Gunung Kawi, dan Lembah Indah. Sedangkan tempat-tempat wisata seperti Coban Baung, Sumber Manggis, dan Sumber Jodoh masih belum banyak diketahui. Meskipun memiliki tempat wisata yang menarik dan beragam, tetapi desa Balesari masih belum dikenal masyarakat secara luas. Penyebabnya antara lain karena kurangnya promosi, tata kelola yang belum optimal, infrastruktur yang belum memadai serta tingkat kesadaran wisata masyarakat lokal yang masih rendah. Pengabdian masyarakat yang dilaksanakan mimilih fokus pada peningkatan promosi Desa Wisata Balesari. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dimulai dengan observasi awal, pengumpulan bahan, implementasi kemudain diakhiri dengan distribusi hasil. Dari hasil studi awal diketahui bahwa pihak desa belum memiliki media promosi yang efektif. Target luaran dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah E-Book Panduan Desa Wisata Balesari. Bentuk media e-book dipilih karena media visual tersebut dapat didistribusikan melalui beberapa platform sekaligus, misalnya melalui website, media sosial ataupun aplikasi percakapan. Selain itu e-book juga dapat digunakan untuk pemasaran langsung. Pemerintah desa dan pengelola wisata di desa Balesari dapat menggunakan e-book ini sebagai media promosi wisata sehingga jumlah kunjungan wisatawan ke desa Balesari dapat meningkat. E-Book Panduan Desa Wisata Balesari berisi kumpulan deskripsi secara singkat tempat-tempat wisata yang ada di desa Balesari, sehingga dapat digunakan oleh pengelola beberapa tempat wisata secara bersama-sama.
PEGEMBANGAN MADIN DARUSSALAM DUSUN KAUMAN, DESA KALIPARE, KECAMATAN KALIPARE, KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Yasin Muh. Nur , Rohmah Nafisatul , Kholisna Titin
Published: October 2024

Madrasah Diniyah adalah lembaga pendidikan dan pengajaran agama islam yang berfungsi untuk melaksanakan tugas yang utama sebagai seorang muslim. Madrasah diniyah adalah pendidikan keagamaan non-formal yang selama ini terus berjuang membimbing pendidikan agama islam pada masyarakat, khususnya generasi muda, dalam upaya memperkuat keimanan dan ketakwaan mereka agar terbentuk mental spiritual yang kokoh dengan tetap memperhatikan perkembangan zaman. Oleh karena itu penelitian menelaah tentang peranan Madrasah Diniyah sebagai pusat pengetahuan agama utama bagi masyarakat pedesaan, khususnya di Dusun Kauman, Desa Kalipare. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan Madin ternyata menjadi kebutuhan dasar bagi masyarakat untuk mendidik ajaran-ajaran agama yang paling mendasar seperti masalah keimanan, peribadahan dan akhlakul karimah. Materi-materi dasar pendidikan agama islam ternyata dirasakan sangat penting bagi masyarakat dalam upaya memperkuat mental-spiritual masyarakat, khususnya generasi muda.
IMPLEMENTASI GREEN CAMPUS DENGAN STASIUN PENGISIAN BATERAI BERTENAGA ANGIN DAN SURYA HIBRIDA
Authors: Aripriharta  , Muhammad cahyo bagaskoro
Published: October 2024

Kehidupan manusia tidak lepas dari energi listrik, banyak aspek dalam keseharian kita menggunakan energi listrik untuk beroperasi. Pada saat ini, energi tak-terbarukan menjadi energi utama yang digunakan. Penggunaan energi tak terbarukan membawa dampak besar bagi lingkungan dan menjadi kontributor utama perubahan iklim dan pencemaran lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, kebutuhan akan sumber energi baru dan terbarukan (EBT) semakin meningkat. Universitas Negeri Malang telah berkembang menjadi universitas yang mengimplementasikan program green campus dengan banyak menggunakan teknologi ramah lingkungan berbasis energi baru dan terbarukan (EBT). Oleh karena itu,  dengan adanya TTG pengisian baterai bertenaga angin dan surya hibrida akan menjadikan Universitas Negeri Malang sebagai green campus. Sehingga kegiatan pengabdian ini berdampak positif terhadap mitra, baik dari aspek pengetahuan, sosial dan ekonomi yang berimbas pada pengguna, yakni warga UM sendiri.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN SAINS DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS VIII MTs N 7 SUMEDANG DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DISCOVERY LEARNING
Authors: Normalia Petty , Suyana Iyon
Published: October 2024

Hasil belajar maupun keterampilan sains siswa MTs N 7 Sumedang pada pelajaran IPA masih kurang dari KKM. Adapun tujuan penelitian perbaikan pembelajaran adalah dengan diterapkan model pembelajaran discovery learning dapat meningkatkan keterampilan sains dan hasil belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam di Kelas VIII MTs N 7 Sumedang. Penelitian ini bertempat di MTs N 7 Sumedang, Kecamatan Buahdua, Kabupaten Sumedang. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa-siswi Kelas VIII A (Delapan - A) dengan jumlah 25 peserta didik (Laki-laki = 13 dan Perempuan = 12) Tahun Pelajaran 2022/2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah siswa dengan nilai tertinggi pada siklus 1 hanya 20% dan meningkat menjadi 24% pada siklus 2, dari 25 peserta didik yang mencapai standar KKM 75 Jadi penerapan pembelajaran discovery learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa di Kelas VIII MTs N 7 Sumedang.
Efficacy of microbiological nematicides in controlling root-knot nematodes in tomato
Authors: Pontes Karoline Barbosa , Machado Andressa Cristina Zamboni , Nogueira Alison Fernando , Fagundes Daniel Fernando Viana , de Lima Filho Renato Barros , Mosela Mirela , Mian Silas , Santiago Débora Cristina , Gonçalves Leandro Simões Azeredo
Published: October 2024

Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are considered a limiting factor for tomato production, causing substantial economic losses. Several control measures have been used to control RKNs in infested areas, such as crop rotation or succession with non-host species, using resistant cultivars, and applying chemical and biological nematicides. Here, we examined the control effect of six microbiological products (Ag109 - Bacillus velezensis, Votivo Prime - B. firmus, Quartzo - B. subtilis and B. licheniformis, Veraneio - B. amyloliquefaciens, Nemat - Purpureocillium lilacinum, and Rizotec - Pochonia chlamydosporia) against different species of Meloidogyne in tomatoes cultivated in a greenhouse and evaluated these products under field conditions to verify their impact on root-associated nematode populations and agronomic and physicochemical traits of fruits from grafted and non-grafted tomato plants. For the greenhouse studies, higher pathogenicity was observed for tomato with M. javanica and M. enterolobii compared to M. incognita. The microbiological nematicides were more effective in controlling M. javanica and M. enterolobii, while for M. incognita, the evaluated products were ineffective. Regarding the field studies, most of the microbiological nematicides evaluated effectively increased production per plant. However, when analyzing the Meloidogyne population in the field, applying microbiological nematicides showed no nematode control in plants without rootstock. On the other hand, in the grafted plants, the Ag109, Veraneio, Rizotec, and Nemat treatments boosted the reduction in the Meloidogyne population in the roots, with average reductions of 68.47, 57.97, 77.29, and 56.70%, respectively. These results indicate the effectiveness of integrated management of microbiological nematicides and resistant rootstock in tomato. Furthermore, combining these two control measures resulted in no change in the nutritional quality of tomato fruits.
Identification of novel drug targets for Helicobacter pylori: structure-based virtual screening of potential inhibitors against DAH7PS protein involved in the shikimate pathway
Authors: Noori Goodarzi Narjes , Khazani Asforooshani Mahshid , Shahbazi Behzad , Rezaie Rahimi Nayereh , Badmasti Farzad
Published: October 2024

Background

Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium associated with severe gastrointestinal diseases and malignancies, poses a significant challenge because of its increasing antibiotic resistance rates. This study aimed to identify potential drug targets and inhibitors against H. pylori using a structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) approach.

Methods

Core-proteome analysis of 132 H. pylori genomes was performed using the EDGAR database. Essential genes were identified and human and gut microbiota homolog proteins were excluded. The DAH7PS protein involved in the shikimate pathway was selected for the structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) approach. The tertiary structure of the protein was predicted through homology modeling (based on PDB ID: 5UXM). Molecular docking was performed to identify potential inhibitors of DAH7PS among StreptomeDB compounds using the AutoDock Vina tool. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations assessed the stability of DAH7PS-ligand complexes. The complexes were further evaluated in terms of their binding affinity, Lipinski’s Rule of Five, and ADMET properties.

Results

A total of 54 novel drug targets with desirable properties were identified. DAH7PS was selected for further investigation, and virtual screening of StreptomeDB compounds yielded 36 high-affinity binding of the ligands. Two small molecules, 6,8-Dihydroxyisocoumarin-3-carboxylic acid and Epicatechin, also showed favorable RO5 and ADMET properties. MD simulations confirmed the stability and reliability of DAH7PS-ligand complexes, indicating their potential as inhibitors.

Conclusion

This study identified 54 novel drug targets against H. pylori. The DAH7PS protein as a promising drug target was evaluated using a computer-aided drug design. 6,8-Dihydroxyisocoumarin-3-carboxylic acid and Epicatechin demonstrated desirable properties and stable interactions, highlighting their potential to inhibit DAH7PS as an essential protein. Undoubtedly, more experimental validations are needed to advance these findings into practical therapies for treating drug-resistant H. pylori.
Synthesis of BODIPY-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-ones via Ugi-Zhu/cascade reactions and studies of fluorescence response toward viscosity
Authors: Flores-Reyes Julio C. , Galano Annia , Rojas-Montoya Sandra M. , Blancarte-Carrazco Luis , Xochitiotzi-Flores Elba , García-Ortega Héctor , Farfán Norberto , Islas-Jácome Alejandro , González-Zamora Eduardo
Published: October 2024

A series of seven new meso-phenyl BODIPY-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-one conjugates were synthesized in one experimental step by using a Sc(III)-catalyzed Ugi-Zhu three-component reaction coupled to a cascade sequence (aza Diels-Alder/N-acylation/aromatization) as post-MCR functionalization process. Further experimental studies were performed behind understanding the fluorescence response toward viscosity. All compounds exhibited a linear response between increasing viscosity (DMSO and glycerol mixtures) and fluorescence intensity. The different substituents also influenced the photophysical properties. Furthermore, in DMSO all compounds exhibited dual emission. Each band is attributed to the pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-one and BODIPY moieties, respectively. The electronic structure of all compounds was computed by DFT and TD-DFT calculations, allowing to determine the molecular orbitals involved in the electronic transitions.
A critical cognitive analysis of Japan’s nuclear contaminated water discharge discourse
Authors: Sun Chengzhi , Wang Chengyi , Liu Wenyu
Published: October 2024

This research investigates the use of compound image schemas in the discourse surrounding Japan’s nuclear wastewater discharge. By analyzing editorials fromAsahi Shimbun, this study reveals how discourse producers, from government bodies to media outlets, employ image schemas to navigate, shape, and legitimize their stances on this contentious issue. The investigation identifies the prevalent use of PATH and CONTAINER schemas, facilitating the construction of complex narrative spaces that define “in-group” and “out-group” dynamics, thereby guiding public perception and discourse participation towards an implicit endorsement of specific policy directions. The findings highlight the dynamic interplay between micro-level discourse strategies and macro-level cognitive frameworks, projecting tailored narratives into the public sphere. This projection, rooted in sophisticated cognitive mechanisms, illustrates the strategic use of discourse to influence public opinion and legitimize environmental policy decisions, reflecting broader social implications and the power of discourse in shaping environmental risk perceptions.
Case Report: Primary cardiac synovial sarcoma invading the tricuspid valve in a pregnant woman
Authors: Li Mixia , Huang Maoxun , Piao Hulin , Wang Yong , Liu Kexiang
Published: October 2024

Primary cardiac synovial sarcoma (PCSS) is a rare and highly aggressive tumor with a significant mortality rate. Treatment guidelines have not been defined given the relative rarity of the condition, especially for pregnant women. Described herein is a 36-year-old pregnant woman at 29 weeks with gestation who was hospitalized due to chest tightness and nausea, and echocardiography found a mass involved in the right heart and the tricuspid valve. She had to undergo cardiac surgery because the mass almost blocked the opening of the tricuspid valve. She underwent a radical resection of the masses and tricuspid valve, followed by replacement of the tricuspid valve with a mechanical valve. She successfully delivered a healthy baby boy. The diagnosis of synovial sarcoma is confirmed by positive results indicating rearrangement of the SYT gene. The patient survived throughout the 30-month follow-up period. There are no reported cases of pregnant women diagnosed with cardiac synovial sarcoma and have undergone cardiac surgery and cesarean section. Our treatment plan not only maximizes patient survival but also ensures fetal survival. This situation is rare and needs documentation.
Depression, anxiety, and stress in the Chilean Educational System: children and adolescents post-pandemic prevalence and variables
Authors: Martínez-Líbano Jonathan , Yeomans-Cabrera María-Mercedes
Published: October 2024

The mental health of children and adolescents in the Chilean Educational System (ChES) has become a severe post-pandemic public health problem. This cross-sectional study, which included 1,174 children and adolescents from five Chilean regions, used the DASS-21 scale, focusing on determining the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress, as well as identifying associated risk factors. The results exposed a high prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress (60.2%, 63.6%, and 50.2%, respectively). Risk factors for depression involve being female, having separated parents, being in high school, having a cell phone, difficulty sleeping, ruminative thoughts, and low self-esteem. For anxiety, factors included being female, being 12 years old, owning a cell phone, having sleep problems, having ruminations, having low self-esteem, and being an atheist. For stress, factors were identified as being female, owning a cell phone, sleep problems, ruminations, low self-esteem, being atheist, as well as extensive use of social networks. The research underscores the urgent need for intervention by educational authorities, given the marked deterioration in the mental health of children and adolescent students in the ChES, to prevent long-term consequences.
ChatGPT usage and attitudes are driven by perceptions of usefulness, ease of use, risks, and psycho-social impact: a study among university students in the UAE
Authors: Sallam Malik , Elsayed Walid , Al-Shorbagy Muhammad , Barakat Muna , El Khatib Sami , Ghach Wissam , Alwan Nisreen , Hallit Souheil , Malaeb Diana
Published: October 2024

Background

The use of ChatGPT among university students has gained a recent popularity. The current study aimed to assess the factors driving the attitude and usage of ChatGPT as an example of generative artificial intelligence (genAI) among university students in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Methods

This cross-sectional study was based on a previously validated Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)-based survey instrument termed TAME-ChatGPT. The self-administered e-survey was distributed by emails for students enrolled in UAE universities during September–December 2023 using a convenience-based approach. Assessment of the demographic and academic variables, and the TAME-ChatGPT constructs’ roles in ChatGPT attitude and usage was conducted using univariate followed by multivariate analyses.

Results

The final study sample comprised 608 participants, 91.0% of whom heard of ChatGPT while 85.4% used ChatGPT before the study. Univariate analysis indicated that a positive attitude to ChatGPT was associated with the three TAME-ChatGPT attitude constructs namely, lower perceived risks, lower anxiety, and higher scores on the attitude to technology/social influence. For the ChatGPT usage, univariate analysis indicated that positive attitude to ChatGPT use was associated with being male, Arab in nationality, and lower point grade average (GPA) as well as the four ChatGPT usage constructs namely, higher perceived usefulness, lower perceived risks of use, higher scores on the behavior/cognitive construct and higher scores on the ease-of-use construct. In multivariate analysis, only TAME-ChatGPT constructs explained the variance in attitude towards ChatGPT (80.8%) and its usage (76.9%).

Conclusion

The findings indicated that ChatGPT usage is commonplace among university students in the UAE. The determinants of use included the perceived usefulness, lower perceived risks, cognitive and behavioral factors, perceived ease of use, while the attitude was determined by lower perceived risks, lower anxiety, and higher scores for attitude to technology/social influence. These factors should be considered for understanding the motivators for successful adoption of genAI including ChatGPT in higher education.
A novel robust active damping control strategy based on H∞ loop shaping for the grid-tied LCL inverter
Authors: Sang Wenju , Guo Wenyong , Xu Gang , Wei Tongzhen , Shi Changli , Liu Zongjie , Xue Han , He Zhenning , Li Junzhi , Shen Jiazhen , Min Ruiqi , Song Shaobo , Li Xiaoxu , Hong Yun
Published: October 2024

LCL-type grid-connected inverters have been widely used in renewable power generation due to their size and cost advantages. However, the LCL filter has a problem of insufficient damping, which may lead to power system instability. Two common methods are used to address this problem: passive damping (PD) and active damping (AD). PD methods suppress resonance by adding resistors to the LCL filter, but this approach increases system losses. AD methods enhance damping through control to suppress resonance. Existing AD methods are often significantly affected by grid-side inductance perturbation, resulting in insufficient robustness. To address this issue, this article proposes a novel robust active damping (RAD) control strategy based on H∞ loop shaping. Simulation analysis and experimental research show that the RAD control method exhibits superior robustness compared with the traditional capacitor current active damping control.
Estimation of above-ground biomass in dry temperate forests using Sentinel-2 data and random forest: a case study of the Swat area of Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad Bilal , Rehman Arif U. R. , Mumtaz Faisal , Qun Yin , Zhongkui Jia
Published: October 2024

Accurate mapping of above-ground biomass (AGB) is essential for carbon stock quantification and climate change impact assessment, particularly in mountainous areas. This study applies a random forest (RF) regression model to predict the spatial distribution of AGB in Usho (site A) and Utror (site B) forests located in the northern mountainous region of Pakistan. The predicted maps elucidate AGB variations across these sites, with non-forest areas excluded based on an normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) threshold value of <0.4. Three different combinations of input datasets were used to predict the biomass, including spectral bands (SBs) only, vegetation indexes (VIs) only, and a combination of both spectral bands and vegetation indexes (SBVIs). Utilizing SBs, the biomass ranged between 150 and 286 mg/ha in site A and 99 and 376 mg/ha in site B. Meanwhile, using VIs indicated a biomass range of 163 Mg/ha–337 Mg/ha and 131–392 Mg/ha for sites A and B, respectively. The combination of spectral bands and vegetation indexes yielded AGB values of 145–290 Mg/ha in site A and 116–389 Mg/ha in site B. The northern and western regions of site A, characterized by higher altitudes and lower forest density, notably showed lower biomass values than other regions. Conversely, similar regions in site B, situated at lower latitudes, demonstrated different biomass ranges. The RF model exhibited robust accuracy, with R2 values of 0.74 and 0.83 for spectral bands and vegetation indexes, respectively. However, with a combination of both, an R2 of 0.79 was achieved. Furthermore, altitudinal gradients significantly influence the biomass distribution across both sites, with specific elevation ranges yielding optimal results. The AGB variation along the slope further corroborated these findings. In both sites, the western aspects showed the highest biomass across all combinations of input datasets. The variable importance analysis highlighted that ARVI8a, NDI45, Band12, Band11, TSAVI8, and ARVI8a are significant predictors in sites A and B. This comprehensive analysis enhances our understanding of AGB distribution in the mountainous forests of Pakistan, offering valuable insights for forest management and ecological studies.
Urban freight distribution with electric vehicles: comparing some solution procedures
Authors: Polimeni Antonio , Donato Alessia , Belcore Orlando M.
Published: October 2024

The Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) is a well-known discrete optimization problem that has an impact on theoretical and practical applications. In this paper, a freight distribution model that includes a charging system located at the depot, making it feasible for real world-implementation, is proposed. Two different solution methods are proposed and compared: a genetic algorithm (GA) and a population-based simulated annealing (PBSA) with the number of moves increasing during the iterations. Among the variety of algorithm used to solve the VRP, population-based search methods are the most useful, due to the ability to update the memory at each iteration. To demonstrate the practical aspects of the proposed solution a case study is solved using travel time on a real network to evaluate the potentiality for a real-world application.
Unveiling new protein biomarkers and therapeutic targets for acne through integrated analysis of human plasma proteomics and genomics
Authors: Deng Sui , Mao Rui , He Yifeng
Published: October 2024

Background

The current landscape of acne therapeutics is notably lacking in targeted treatments, highlighting a critical need for the discovery of new drug targets to improve treatment outcomes.

Objectives

This study aims to investigate the connections between proteomics and genetics in relation to acne across extensive population cohorts, aspiring to identify innovative preventive and therapeutic approaches.

Methods

Employing a longitudinal cohort of 54,306 participants from the UK Biobank Pharmacological Proteomics Project (UKB-PPP), we performed an exhaustive evaluation of the associations between 2,923 serum proteins and acne risk. Initial multivariate Cox regression analyses assessed the relationship between protein expression levels and acne onset, followed by two-sample Mendelian Randomization (TSMR), Summary-data-based Mendelian Randomization (SMR), and colocalization to identify genetic correlations with potential protein targets.

Results

Within the UKB cohort, we identified 19 proteins significantly associated with the risk of acne. Subsequent analysis using Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization (TSMR) refined this to two specific proteins: FSTL1 and ANXA5. Each one-standard deviation increase in the expression levels of FSTL1 and ANXA5 was associated with a 24% and 32% increase in acne incidence, respectively. These results were further validated by additional Summary-data-based Mendelian Randomization (SMR) and differential expression analyses.

Conclusions

Our comprehensive analysis of proteomic and genetic data from a European adult cohort provides compelling causal evidence that several proteins are promising targets for novel acne treatments.
Big data and artificial intelligence applied to blood and CSF fluid biomarkers in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Arrambide Georgina , Comabella Manuel , Tur Carmen
Published: October 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) has meant a turning point in data analysis, allowing predictions of unseen outcomes with precedented levels of accuracy. In multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic inflammatory-demyelinating condition of the central nervous system with a complex pathogenesis and potentially devastating consequences, AI-based models have shown promising preliminary results, especially when using neuroimaging data as model input or predictor variables. The application of AI-based methodologies to serum/blood and CSF biomarkers has been less explored, according to the literature, despite its great potential. In this review, we aimed to investigate and summarise the recent advances in AI methods applied to body fluid biomarkers in MS, highlighting the key features of the most representative studies, while illustrating their limitations and future directions.
Rare connective tissue diseases in patients with C1-inhibitor deficiency hereditary angioedema: first evidence on prevalence and distribution from a large Italian cohort study
Authors: Triggianese P. , Senter R. , Perego F. , Gidaro A. , Petraroli A. , Arcoleo F. , Brussino L. , Giardino F. , Rossi O. , Bignardi D. , Quattrocchi P. , Brancaccio R. , Cesoni Marcelli A. , Accardo P. A. , Lo Sardo L. , Cataudella E. , Guarino M. D. , Firinu D. , Bergamini A. , Spadaro G. , Zanichelli A. , Cancian M.
Published: October 2024

Introduction

In patients with Hereditary Angioedema (HAE) related to primary C1 inhibitor deficiency (C1INH), the defective clearance of immune complexes and apoptotic materials along with impairment of normal humoral response potentially leads to autoimmunity. Few studies report evidence on autoimmune diseases in C1INH-HAE, but no large population studies focus on rare connective tissue diseases (RCTDs). We aim at evaluating for the first time prevalence and distribution of RCTDs - Systemic Lupus Erytematosus (SLE), primary Sjogren Syndrome (SjS), primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), Systemic Sclerosis (SSc), and mixed connective tissue diseases (MCTD) in a large Italian cohort of C1INH-HAE patients.

Methods

A multicenter observational study includes C1INH-HAE patients from ITACA Centers throughout Italy (time frame Sept 2023-March 2024). Inclusion criteria are i. a defined diagnosis of type I or type II C1INH-HAE; ii. age ≥15 years (puberty already occurred); iii. enrollment in the ITACA Registry. The diagnosis of SLE, primary SjS, primary APS, SSc, and MCTD are made in accordance with international classification criteria.

Results

Data are collected from a total of 855 C1INH-HAE patients referring to 15 ITACA Centers. Patients with concomitant RCTDs were 18/855 (2.1%) with F:M ratio 3.5 and a prevalent type I C1INH-HAE diagnosis (87.2%). A diagnosis of SLE results in 44.5% of cases (n=8) while the remaining diagnoses are primary SjS (22.2%, n=4), primary APS (16.6%, n=3), SSc (11.2%, n=2), and a single case of MCTD (5.5%). The female gender is prevalent in all the RCTDs. Patients on long term prophylaxis (LTP) are significantly prevalent in RCTDs group than in the whole C1INH-HAE population (p<0.01).

Conclusions

A relevant prevalence of RCTDs is documented in C1INH-HAE patients, mainly SLE. Patients with RCTDs are on LTP in a significant proportion supporting the idea of a bidirectional link between C1INH-HAE and autoimmunity.
NSG2: a promising prognostic marker shaping the immune landscape of breast cancer
Authors: Li Xuan , Gu Qiming , Sun Pingping , Yang Lei , Zhang Xiaojing , Lu Bing , Ni Qichao
Published: October 2024

Background

Breast cancer (BC) remains a significant health issue globally and most common cause of mortality in women. Enhancing our understanding on biomarkers may greatly improve both diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to this disease.

Methods

We retrospectively assessed tumor samples from 228 BC cases and 51 normal samples, alongside relevant clinical data. Neuronal vesicle trafficking associated 2(NSG2) expression was evaluated through bioinformatics and multiplex immunohistochemistry. Associations between NSG2 expression, tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs), immune checkpoints, and clinical outcomes were investigated.

Results

NSG2 was present in both breast cancer cells and adjacent stromal cells. Increased NSG2 expression in cancer cells correlated with greater tumor size, distant metastasis, and more advanced clinical stages. Kaplan-Meier survival and multivariate analyses identified NSG2 expression in both cancer and stromal cells as an independent prognostic factor for breast cancer survival. Elevated NSG2 levels both in cancer and stroma cells were linked to increased CD4+ T, CD8+ T, and Lamp3+ dendritic cells infiltration in stromal regions (P < 0.05). Conversely, the expression of NSG2 in the stroma was negatively correlated with CD20+ B cells (P < 0.05). Additionally, NSG2 expression was found to be associated with CTLA-4 levels (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

NSG2 seems to be a significant component of the BC immune microenvironment and may serve as an important prognostic marker.
Epidemiological characteristics, complications of haemodialysis patients with end-stage diabetic nephropathy in a tertiary hospital in Guizhou, China: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Xu Xingxiu , Yang Nengyuan , Da Jingjing , Li Qian , Yuan Jing , Zha Yan
Published: October 2024

Introduction

In China, diabetes mellitus (DM) significantly contributes to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), necessitating treatments like hemodialysis. This study investigates hemodialysis outcomes in diabetic nephropathy patients in Guizhou Province, aiming to enhance care for this high-risk group.

Methods

The cross-sectional survey design to screen haemodialysis patients with end-stage diabetic nephropathy, a structured questionnaire was designed. The collected data were collated and coded and analyzed using GraphPad Prism 9.5.0 (730).

Results

Patients with end-stage diabetic nephropathy undergoing dialysis are primarily concentrated in the middle-aged and elderly population, with a higher proportion of males than females. Male patients also have a higher history of smoking and alcohol consumption compared to females. The disease progression from diabetes to diabetic nephropathy and from nephropathy to end-stage renal disease varies, with a lower dialysis vintage. Hemodialysis is the most commonly chosen treatment modality, with the highest proportion of patients selecting non-tunneled catheters. However, among patients receiving dialysis, the proportion of autogenous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the highest. With the increase in the duration of diabetes, the prevalence of multiple complications also increases.

Conclusion

Early intervention and management strategies are crucial for diabetic nephropathy patients in Guizhou, considering the rapid disease progression to ESRD and high complication rates. The study underscores the need for targeted healthcare policies to address the unique challenges of this population, with future research required to deepen the understanding of disease mechanisms and improve patient outcomes.
Maturity and density of tertiary lymphoid structures associate with tumor metastasis and chemotherapy response
Authors: Jiang Sutian , Liao Xuhui , Ding Xuzhong
Published: October 2024

Background

Tertiary Lymphoid Structures (TLSs) are abnormal clusters of immune cells that form in tissues not normally associated with the immune system, usually in cases of long-lasting inflammation, like cancer. TLSs have been suggested as a potential prognostic indicator in various cancer types.

Methods

We retrospectively enrolled 223 gastric cancer (GC) patients who had surgical resections in this study. We utilized hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining to detect the presence, abundance, and maturity of TLSs. In serial sections, we used immunohistochemistry to examine the cellular composition of TLSs.

Results

The pathological review identified TLSs in 95.1% of the tumors, lymphoid aggregates in 79.8%, primary follicles in 45.7%, and lymphoid aggregates in 95.1% of the cases. Based on Kaplan-Meier curves, the maturation and abundance of TLSs contributed to longer disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). In addition, the density of TLSs was strongly associated with the occurrence of tumor metastases and the response to adjuvant chemotherapy.

Conclusions

We validated the prognostic value of TLSs in GC patients in both independent cohorts, and the maturity and density of TLS correlated with tumor metastasis. In addition, TLS may reflect sustained antitumor potency, which has important implications for adjuvant chemotherapy.