bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pembinaan Budaya Literasi Berbasis Android untuk Kemahiran Bahasa Inggris dan Kesantunan Berbahasa
Authors: Oktavia Yunisa yunisa
Published: July 2019

Literacy culture needs to be intensified so that the public does not become prey and does not accept deceptive news that can damage the single diversity order ika. The following are discussions for the purpose of this service activity to be carried out. (1) Communities are more receptive to certain news so that conflict and hostility can easily occur between them. (2) The community does not understand literacy in order to be able to think critically and wisely. (3) The Seroja community has not yet developed android-based literacy to improve English proficiency. (4) Daily conversations need to be reflected. The method of applying this service is a service team that transfers material and practices using Android for five meetings from December 2, 2018 to February 24, 2019. A supporting team that discusses the issue of literacy culture is based on Android, using Android to use and use English applications. for English success skills. In addition, talking about important politeness in everyday life. The results of services for this community are people who are critical, change their mindset, have proficiency, English, and improve understanding of the community of intelligent vocabulary and characters. Therefore, this service is important to enhance the Android-based literacy culture to improve English proficiency and politeness through the character education of the Seroja community in Sagulung District, Batam City.
Should Environmental Ethicists Fear Moral Anti-Realism?
Authors: Schwenkenbecher Anne , Rubin Michael
Published: July 2019

Environmental ethicists have been arguing for decades that swift action to protect our natural environment is morally paramount, and that our concern for the environment should go beyond its importance for human welfare. It might be thought that the widespread acceptance of moral anti-realism would undermine the aims of environmental ethicists. One reason is that recent empirical studies purport to show that moral realists are more likely to act on the basis of their ethical convictions than anti-realists. In addition, it is sometimes argued that only moral realists can countenance the claim that nature is intrinsically valuable. Against this, we argue that the acceptance of moral anti-realism is no threat to the environmentalist cause. We argue, further, that the acceptance of moral realism is potentially an obstacle to delivering on a third core demand: namely, that successful action on climate change and environmental destruction requires us to change some of our commonly held ethical views and, in so doing, to pursue and ultimately achieve a workable consensus.
Registration of USDA‐N6003LP Soybean Germplasm with Low Seed Phytate
Authors: Lee Sungwoo , Sung Mikyung , Locke Anna , Taliercio Earl , Whetten Rebecca , Zhang Bo , Carter Thomas E. , Burton Joseph W. , Mian M. A. Rouf
Published: July 2019

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] meal is the main source of protein in poultry and swine rations worldwide. Phytate, the main storage form of phosphorous in soybean meal, is largely indigestible by monogastric animals and, thus, a major concern both for nutrition and for environmental pollution. USDA‐N6003LP (Reg. no. GP‐435, PI 689999) is a low‐phytate (LP) determinate, lodging‐resistant early maturity group (MG) VI soybean germplasm developed and released jointly by the USDA‐ARS and the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service. USDA‐N6003LP is derived from a backcross (BC1) between recurrent parent ‘NC‐Roy’ and LP donor line USDA CX1834. NC‐Roy is a high‐yielding MG VI cultivar adapted to the southern United States. USDA‐N6003LP has 60% lower phytate and 4.8 times higher inorganic phosphorus (Pi) contents in its seed than the seed of NC‐Roy. It matures approximately 5 d earlier and has larger seed size and better lodging resistance (P < 0.05) compared with NC‐Roy. Across 17 environments in the USDA Uniform Soybean Tests, Southern States and over four local yield trials in North Carolina, USDA‐N6003LP yielded 91 and 97% of NC‐Roy, respectively. Field emergences of this line in four tests in NC were 79 to 80% compared with 89 to 90% for NC‐Roy. USDA‐N6003LP is the first early MG VI LP germplasm release with good agronomic performance and relatively normal field emergence. It will be useful as parental stock for soybean breeders interested in developing LP soybean cultivars.
Astaxanthin sources: Suitability for human health and nutrition
Authors: Capelli Bob , Talbott Shawn , Ding Lixin
Published: July 2019

Background: Astaxanthin (AX) has been consumed as a nutritional supplement for approximately twenty years. The primary source has been a natural plant-based supplement from the single-cell alga Haematococcus pluvialis (NAT-AX). Recently, Astaxanthin from other sources has entered the marketplace. The primary alternative source in the human nutritional supplement market has been a synthetic form of Astaxanthin produced from petrochemicals (SYN-AX). Additionally, a very small amount of Astaxanthin from a genetically-manipulated yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous (former nomenclature Phaffia rhodozyma, still commonly referred to as “Phaffia”) (PH-AX) is also available in some supplement products. The three forms have substantial chemical differences. In addition to the chemical differences between sources of AX, in-vitro research has demonstrated profound differences in antioxidant strength and animal research has revealed fundamental differences in health benefits.  In all cases, NAT-AX has proven more biologically active than the other sources.  This review is designed to assist readers in understanding which form(s) of AX are suitable for consumers desiring preventive or therapeutic health benefits. Results:  In head-to-head antioxidant experiments, NAT-AX demonstrated 14X to 90X greater antioxidant activity than SYN-AX.  In numerous animal trials in diverse species, NAT-AX in esterified form has demonstrated superior efficacy in increasing lifespan; treating skin cancer; preventing the formation of gastric ulcers; improving resistance to stress; decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS); increasing retinol conversion in the liver; augmenting enzyme levels; increasing growth rates; and improving exercise endurance.From a safety perspective, NAT-AX has been the subject of human clinical trials demonstrating safety and a wide variety of health benefits.  In addition, no documented adverse events have surfaced during its twenty years of distribution as a food supplement for humans.  SYN-AX and PH-AX have not been proven safe for direct human consumption and have not demonstrated any health benefits in clinical trials.  Due to these facts, SYN-AX and PH-AX have not been allowed for human consumption by government regulators in many countries while NAT-AX is widely accepted in most countries around the world.   Conclusion: Based on our review of the literature below, we recommend NAT-AX as the sole form of AX for human consumption until SYN-AX and PH-AX have been proven safe and efficacious through human clinical research.
Isomalto-oligosaccharides from rice and their potential use as pharma-nutraceuticals in prevention of colon cancer
Authors: Graidist Potchanapond , Plongbunjong Vijitra , Wichienchot Santad , Madla Siribhorn , Bunyapipat Pleumjit , Knudsen Knud
Published: July 2019

Background: Isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMO) were enzymatically produced from rice (rIMO) alone or in combination with product (instant rice porridge mixed rIMO) demonstrated bifidogenic and butyrogenic effects in in vitro studies. The potential use of IMO from rice for pharma-nutraceuticals to prevent or risk reduction of colon cancer was further investigated in rats in this study.Objective: To investigate potential use of IMO from rice on prevention or risk reduction of colon cancer and gut microbiota modulation in rats, colonic polyp formation, histological changes, gut microbiota modulation, and butyrogenic properties were evaluated.Methods: An acute toxicity test was performed in ICR mice with a single dose of 2,000 mg/kg of tested IMO. The effects of rIMO were performed in AOM/DSS-induced Wistar rats. The animals were divided in 8 groups and treated three times a week with vehicle, three doses of rIMO, cIMO, and product (instant rice porridge mixed rIMO) before and after carcinogen administration. Animals were sacrificed at the end of 19th week.Results: Oral administration at up to 2,000 mg/kg of rIMO and product containing rIMO could be considered safe. Additionally, the animals chemically induced with AOM/DSS and treated with rIMO (1,500 mg/kg) and product containing rIMO significantly lower the occurrence of colonic polyps about 60%. There were no changes in other blood hematologic and biochemistry values but an improved gut barrier function when compared with animals in control and vehicle groups. AOM/DSS-induced rats supplemented with product containing rIMO could retard the reduction of beneficial bacteria and butyric acid production and thereby suppres the increase of harmful bacteria through the AOM/DSS post-induction phase.Conclusion: The results of this in vivo study suggest that consumption of rIMO alone or in combination with brown rice porridge could potentially help protect histological changes and risk reduction of developing for colon cancer. IMO from rice has potential use for pharma-nutraceuticals for risk reduction of colon cancer.Keywords: colon cancer, isomalto-oligosaccharides, prebiotic, rice, gut modulation
Projection data smoothing through noise-level weighted total variation regularization for low-dose computed tomography
Authors: Deng Xiaojuan , Zhao Yunsong , Li Hongwei
Published: July 2019

Reducing radiation dose while maintaining the quality of the reconstructed images is a major challenge in the computed tomography (CT) community. In light of the non-stationary Gaussian noise distribution, we developed a model that incorporates a noise-level weighted total variation (NWTV) regularization term for denoising the projection data. Contrary to the well-known edge-weighted total variation method, which aims for better edge preserving, the proposed NWTV tries to adapt the regularization with the spatially varying noise levels. Experiments on simulated data as well as the real imaging data suggest that the proposed NWTV regularization could achieve quite competitive results. For sinograms with sharp edges, the NWTV could do a better job at balancing noise reduction and edge preserving, such that noise is removed in a more uniform manner. Another conclusion from our experiments is that the well-recognized stair-casing artifacts of TV regularization play little role in the reconstructed images when the NWTV method is applied to low-dose CT imaging data.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN REBUSAN DAUN PANDAN WANGI (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH MENCIT (Mus musculus)
Authors: Nur Amran , Fajar Desi Reski , Musdalifah Musdalifah
Published: July 2019

ABSTRAK            Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penurunan kadar glukosa darah dari rebusan daun pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) pada mencit yang telah di induksi glukosa 20% b/v. Penelitian ini dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok perlakuan, kelompok I kontrol negatif dengan pemberian Na-CMC 0,5% b/v, kelompok II pemberian glibenklamid 0,002% b/v sebagai kontrol positif, kelompok III pemberian rebusan daun pandan wangi dengan konsentrasi 5% b/v, kelompok IV pemberian rebusan daun pandan wangi dengan konsentrasi 10% b/v, dan kelompok V pemberian rebusan daun pandan wangi dengan konsentrasi 20% b/v.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis data secara statistik, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa rebusan daun pandan wangi yang digunakan dengan konsentrasi 5% b/v, 10% b/v, dan 20% b/v dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah pada mencit tetapi penurunannya tidak signifikan karena hasil penurunan rebusan daun pandan wangi yang digunakan dengan konsentrasi tersebut tidak jauh berbeda dengan penurunan Na-CMC sebagai kontrol negatif. Kata kunci : Daun pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.), rebusan, glukosa darah, dan mencit (Mus musculus).
PENENTUAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN SECARA IN VITRO DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL PROPOLIS DENGAN METODE DPPH (1,1-DIFENIL-2-PIKRILHIDRAZIL)
Authors: Sinala Santi , Dewi Sisilia Teresia Rosmala
Published: July 2019

Penyakit degeneratif seperti kanker, penuaian dini dan jantung dapat disebabkan oleh adanya radikal bebas. Radikal bebas memiliki satu rantai yang tidak memiliki pasangan electron sehingga sangat reaktif untuk mencari pasangan electron pada sel yang normal. Ikatan ini dapat menganggu sinyal sel sehingga terjadilah kerusakan sel pada sel normal. Radikal bebas dapat ditangkal dengan adanya bahan antioksidan. Melihat kandungan polifenol dan flavonoid pada propolis pada penelitian sebelumnya, maka ditelitilah aktivitas antioksidan dari propolis ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan besarnya aktivitas ekstrak etanol propolis berdasarkan dari nilai IC50 (Inhibition Consentrasi) menggunakan metode DPPH. Ekstrak etanol propolis dibuat dalam konsentrasi 400 µg/ml, 800 µg/ml, 1200 µg/ml, 1400 µg/ml, 1600 µg/ml, 1800 µg/ml dan 2000 µg/ml sedangkan vitamin C dibuat dalam konsentrasi 10 µg/ml, 20 µg/ml, 30 µg/ml, 40 µg/ml, dan 50 µg/ml. Masing-masing seri ditambahkan DPPH 40 µg/ml dan diinkubasi selama 30 menit. Sampel diukur pada spektrofotometer UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 516 nm. Nilai IC50 yang diperoleh adalah 1216.66 µg/ml dan nilai IC50 Vitamin C adalah 13.7658 µg/ml. Dari hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol propolis termasuk dalam kategori tidak aktif dibandingkan dengan vitamin C. Kata Kunci : Antioksidan, IC50 , Ekstrak Etanol Propolis, DPPH, Vitamin C
AKTIFITAS UV PROTEKTIF EKSTRAK BUAH JAMBLANG
Authors: Adhayanti Ida , Nurisyah Nurisyah , Abdullah Tajuddin
Published: July 2019

Buah Jamblang mengandung banyak komponen polifenol yang dapat berfungsi sebagai penangkal radikal bebas. Radikal bebas yang tidak dapat terhindarkan sehari-hari adalah radiasi sinar UV. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan aktivitas UV protektif dari ekstrak buah jamblang. Ekstrak yang diuji meliputi ekstrak etil asetat, ekstrak etanol dan ekstrak air yang diperoleh melalui metode maserasi. Penentuan Aktivitas UV protektif dilakukan melalui penentuan Nilai SPF dengan menggunakan persamaan yang dikembangkan oleh Mansur. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh data ekstrak etil asetat dengan nilai SPF sebesar 17,56 (kategori proteksi ultra), kemudian ekstrak air dengan nilai SPF sebesar 7,49 (kategori proteksi ekstra), dan ekstrak etanol dengan nilai SPF sebesar 3,31 (kategori proteksi minimal). Ekstrak etil asetat memiliki aktivitas yang paling baik dibandingkan dengan ekstrak etanol dan air.Kata Kunci : UV, Jamblang, Tabir Surya
IPTEKS PENGHITUNGAN HARGA TRANSFER DAN HARGA JUAL PADA RUMAH MAKAN KHOPINOS
Authors: Budiarso Novi Swandari , Pontoh Winston
Published: July 2019

Determination of transfer prices and selling prices is not only a matter of large companies. This problem can occur in a type of Small and medium enterprise. But sometimes managers from small and medium businesses do not realize that in their business there is a transfer price transaction that can affect the selling price of the product to external consumers and subsequently affect operating profit. In order to overcome this problem, you can use the transfer pricing method and selling price so that you get the right transfer price and selling price for a business. The results of the transfer price calculation using the cost method and the selling price using the full cost method, the results of the transfer of semi-finished products from the preparation business unit are Rp. 4,900 / unit, while the selling price of the settlement division to external consumers is Rp. 11,020 / unit .Keywords : transfer price, selling price, cost based transfer price, market based transfer price, negotiated transfer price.
Functional results after the arthroscopic surgery in dogs’ elbow joint of medium and giant breeds
Authors: Будаев Рустам , Budaev Rustam , Кулешова Оксана , Kuleshova Oksana , Ягникова Яна , Yagnikova Yana , Ягников Сергей , Yagnikov Sergey
Published: July 2019

This research article describes functional results after the arthroscopic surgery in 34 dogs’ elbow joint. Dysplasia of the elbow joint was diagnosed in all dogs. Patients were treated by the arthroscopic surgery. There was an evaluation of a lameness in early and late post-surgery period. The data lets us approve about good outcomes.
Pengaruh Pemberian Mol Bekicot dan Usus Ayam Sebagai Starter Terhadap Kualitas Kompos Janjang Kosong Kelapa Sawit (Elais quinensis Jacq)
Authors: Taufik M. , Sari Intan , Hayati Zinatal
Published: July 2019

Untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman salah satu cara yang digunakan adalah dengan menggunakan pupuk organik dari limbah tandan kosong kelapa sawit.Untuk mempercepat proses pengomposan juga dapat menambahkan aktivator yang merupakan bahan yang terdiri atas enzim, asam humat, mikro organisme (kultur bakteri) yang berfungsi untuk mempercepat proses pengomposa, misalnya Mol Bekicot dan Usus Ayam.Penelitian ini akan dilaksanakan selama 4 (empat) bulan, mulai dari bulan april sampai juli 2013 yang bertempat di kampus II Universitas Islam Indragiri Fakultas Pertanian jalan Propinsi Parit I Tembilahan Hulu. Inhil Riau. Analisis kandungan hara pupuk organik cair dan tanah dilakukan di laboratorium Faperta Universitas Andalas Padang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktor tunggal. Metode penelitian adalah percobaan dengan 7 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan sehingga didapat 21 unit percobaan, adapun percobaan yang akan dilakukan adalah tanpa perlakuan, 2 liter mol siput/ton, 4 liter mol siput/ton, 6 liter mol siput/ton, 2 liter mol usus ayam/ton, 4 liter mol usus ayam/ton dan 6 liter mol usus ayam/ton. Parameter pengamatan yaitu Kandungan C Kompos tandan kelapa sawit, Kandungan N Kompos tandan kelapa sawit, Kandungan P Kompos tandan kelapa sawit, Ratio C/N, Warna Kompos, Bau Kompos dan Kriteria Tekstur.Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa Pemberian 2 L/ton sampai 6 L/ton mol bekicot dan ususayam mampu meningkatkan kualitas kompos dibanding tanpa perlakuan, yang ditandai dengan menurunnya rasio C/N kompos TKKS, serta meningkatkan ketersedian N dan P serta menghasilkan bau, warna dan struktur kompos TKKS yang lebih baik. Pemberian Mol 6 L/ton usus ayam sebagai starter merupakan dosis terbaik dalam meningkatkan kualitas kompos janjang kosong kelapa sawit selama 3 bulan
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN AMELIORANT ABU JANJANG KELAPA SAWIT TERHADAP PRODUKSI TANAMAN JAGUNG MANIS (ZEA MAYS) DI TANAH GAMBUT
Authors: Amin Muhammad Al , Sari Intan , Yusuf Elfi Yenny
Published: July 2019

Tanaman pertanian umumnya sulit tumbuh ditanah gambut. Salah satu faktor penghambat budidaya tanaman di tanah gambut adalah rendahnya ketesediaan unsur hara mikro. Rendahnya kandungan unsur hara mikro pada tanah gambut disebabkan karena unsur hara mikro berasal dari tanah mineral sementara tanah gambut adalah tanah organik. Penambahan ameliorant abu janjang sawit, dapat meningkatkan pH, meningkatkan ketersediaan hara makro dan mikro sehingga dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman. Abu janjang kelapa sawit memiliki kandungan 30-40 % K2O,7 %P2O5,9 % CaO, dan 3 % MgO. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan dikampus II Unisi Fakultas Pertanian Jl. Lintas Provinsi parit 01, Desa Pulauu Palas, Kecamatan Tembilahan Hulu, Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir Provinsi Riau. Waktu penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Februari sampai dengan bulan Mei 2013.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) tunggal. Perlakuan percobaan ini meliputi 4 level dosis Abu Janjang Kelapa Sawit yaitu 300 kg/ha= 129,6 g/plot, 600 kg/ha= 259,2 g/plot, 900 kg/ha= 388,8 g/plot dan 1200 kg/ha= 518,4 g/plot. Parameter yang diamati adalah Umur Berbunga Pertama, Serapan Hara P Panjang Tongkol, Diameter Tongkol, Berat Tongkol, Produksi Perplot dan Brangkasan Kering.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ermberian dosis anorganik ameliorant abu janjang kelapa sawit dengan dosis 1200 kg/ha menunjukan hasil yang terbaik terhadap, munculnya bunga pertama, serapan unsur P, panjang tongkol, diameter tongkol, berat tongkol persampel,produksi tongkol perplot dan berangkasan kering. Pemberian pupuk anorganik ameliorant abu janjang kelapa sawit dengan dosis 1200 kg/ha ini terbukti mampu meningkatkan produksi tanaman jagung manis ditanah gambut.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN ABU JANJANG KELAPA SAWIT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI JAGUNG (Zea mays) DI LAHAN GAMBUT
Authors: Marlina Marlina
Published: July 2019

Penelitian dengan judul pengaruh pemberian Abu Janjang Kelapa Sawit (AJKS) terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi dua varietas jagung di lahan gambut ini dilaksanakan dari Bulan Oktober 2011 sampai Bulan Maret 2012 di parit 3 Kelurahan Tembilahan Hulu, Kecamatan Tembilahan Hulu Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, analisis tanah dan AJKS dilakukan di Laboratorium Institut Pertanian Bogor. Tujuan dari Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Pemberian AJKS Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Dua Varietas Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L) Di Lahan Gambut, serta untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya interaksi antara dosis pemberian AJKS dengan varietas jagung pada tanah gambut yang diameliorasi AJKS. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan menggunakan 2 faktor dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah dosis pemberian AJKS yang terdiri dari 4 taraf, yaitu: : 0 kg/ha, 500 kg/ha, 1000 kg/ha, 1500 kg/ha. Faktor Kedua adalah varietas jagung dengan 2 taraf, yaitu : Varietas Pioneer dan Varietas N35. Dari kedua faktor diatas didapat 8 kombinasi perlakuan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, bahwa tidak terjadi interaksi dan pengaruh nyata antara perlakuan pemberian AJKS dengan varietas terhadap semua parameter yang diamati. Pemberian AJKS 1500 kg/ha memberikan hasil tertinggi pada semua parameter yang diamati kecuali pada jumlah tongkol, Varietas Pioneer adalah varietas yang paling respon terhadap pemberian AJKS.
From HRM to E-HRM: Contemporary Developments from Scholarly Work
Authors: Ahmed Ammar , Ogalo Habil Slade
Published: July 2019

The present article aims to shed light on the concept of Human Resource management. Therein, the authors have attempted to underline some of the important developments in the arena of HRM and where it leads the understanding to. The article elaborates on the growing shift from HRM to E-HRM and why it is becoming inevitable for businesses to understand and accept it. The discussion also highlights detailed explanation of the features and prospects of E-HRM and its uniqueness in comparison with traditional HRM practices. In parallel, the article also expounds on HRM as a strategic concept whilst unleashing on elements relating to technological primacy. The article aims to serve as a guideline for individuals enthusiastic to conduct scholarly work in the area of E-HRM and its strategic importance in the years to come.
Towards a Quantum Field Theory for Optical Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Manzalini Antonio
Published: July 2019

Today, several socio-techno-economic drivers are steering the evolution of Telecommunications and Internet towards a growing exploitation of ultra-broadband infrastructures (e.g., 5G) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems. Focusing on the most promising AI technological approaches, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are outperforming in several applications domains. One of the possible explanations, elaborated in literature, is that DNN functioning is deeply rooted in the principles of theoretical Physics, specifically Quantum Field Theory (QFT) and Gauge theory. This is encouraging even more researches and experiments in the direction of a full exploitation of quantum computing and networking for the development of innovative Information Communication Technologies (ICT) and AI systems. In this innovation avenue, given that QFT and Gauge theory have been already proposed for modeling the brain and biological nervous systems, this paper explores the intriguing possibility of exploiting QFT principles also for future DNN, for instance by using electromagnetic waves effects in metamaterials. This appears to be a promising direction of future studies and experiments: therefore, the paper also describes the architecture of a simple optical DNN prototype, based on metamaterials, which is intended as a live test-bed, for simulations and experiments.
Survey on Internet of Things (IoT) for Different Industry Environments
Authors: Ahmad Usman , Chaudhary Junaid , Ahmad Mudassar , Naz Amjad Ali
Published: July 2019

Internet of Things (IoT) provides an opportunity to build powerful applications and computing systems by using wireless communication and radio frequency identification (RFID), mobile, wired and wireless sensor device. In recent years several IoT applications have been developed for industrial use. To comprehend the IoT development, this survey paper provides a precise review of current research on IoT technologies. This study provides IoT applications regarding industries and categorizes the research challenges, issues, and developments. This survey contributes in providing the current state-of-the-art information regarding industrial IoT.
A Diabetic Disease Prediction Model Based on Classification Algorithms
Authors: Ahuja Ravinder , Sharma Subhash C. , Ali Maaruf
Published: July 2019

Diabetes is one of the chronic diseases in the world, 246 million people are inflicted by this disease and according to a World Health Organisation (WHO) report, this figure will increase to 380 million sufferers by 2025. Many other debilitating and critical health issues may further develop if this disease is not diagnosed or remain unidentified. Machine Learning (ML) techniques are now being used in various fields like education, healthcare, business, recommendation system, etc. Healthcare data is complex and high in dimensionality and contains irrelevant information - due to this, the prediction accuracy is low. The Pima Indians Diabetes Dataset was used in this research, it consisted of 768 records. Firstly, the missing values are replaced by the median followed by Linear Discriminant Analysis. Using the Python programming language, feature selection techniques is applied in combination with five classification algorithms: Support Vector Machine (SVM), Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Logistic Regression, Random Forest and Decision Tree. The aim of this paper is to compare the different classification algorithms in order to predict diabetes in patients more accurately. K-fold cross-validation is applied, considering k to be 2, 4, 5 and 10. The performance parameters taken are the: accuracy, precision, recall, F Score and area under the curve. Our study found that the MLP classifier gave the highest accuracy of 78.7% with a recall of 61.26%, precision of 72.45% and F1 Score of 65.97% for k = 4.
What should medical students know about artificial intelligence in medicine?
Authors: Park Seong Ho , Do Kyung-Hyun , Kim Sungwon , Park Joo Hyun , Lim Young-Suk
Published: July 2019

Artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to affect various fields of medicine substantially and has the potential to improve many aspects of healthcare. However, AI has been creating much hype, too. In applying AI technology to patients, medical professionals should be able to resolve any anxiety, confusion, and questions that patients and the public may have. Also, they are responsible for ensuring that AI becomes a technology beneficial for patient care. These make the acquisition of sound knowledge and experience about AI a task of high importance for medical students. Preparing for AI does not merely mean learning information technology such as computer programming. One should acquire sufficient knowledge of basic and clinical medicines, data science, biostatistics, and evidence-based medicine. As a medical student, one should not passively accept stories related to AI in medicine in the media and on the Internet. Medical students should try to develop abilities to distinguish correct information from hype and spin and even capabilities to create thoroughly validated, trustworthy information for patients and the public.
Interpreting the Human Being Metaphors in Ekegusii Pop Songs Using the Cognitive Semantics Framework
Authors: Ntabo Victor Ondara , Nyarigoti Naom Moraa , Gathigia Moses Gatambuki
Published: July 2019

The paper explores the human being metaphors in Ekegusii pop songs (EPS). Composers of EPS use human being metaphors to convey their message in different perspectives. It is possible for the meaning of the human being metaphors to elude the audience of EPS because language is both embodied and situated in a specific environment. Therefore, the meaning of the metaphors need to be objectively interpreted to reveal the message of the composers. The study purposively sampled Christopher Mosioma’s (Embarambamba) EPS amasomo (education) and the late Ontiri Bikundo’s obwanchani (love) based on the songs’ richness in metaphors. The Metaphor Identification Procedure Vrije Universiteit was used to identify 54 metaphors in the EPS by four coders (including the researchers). The concept of conceptual mapping, which is a fundamental tenet of the Conceptual Metaphor Theory, was employed to understand the source domains in terms of the target domains. The identified metaphors were classified into four conceptual domains of human being, animal, plant and object using the principle of the Great Chain of Being Metaphor. The paper then identified eight human being metaphors for the present study. The research found that human being metaphors are important ways of conceptualizing other human beings in society. In addition, metaphors are important tools of communication and should be explained using a cognitive semantics framework. The findings of the study will benefit the audience of the EPS, ethnographers and metaphor theorists to conceptualise EPS and culture.
Definisi Kata Cantik: Analisis Kolokasi
Authors: Zahid Indirawati
Published: July 2019

Kamus hanya memberikan definisi kata cantik secara umum. Bagi memperoleh makna kata cantik, domain semantik kata cantik akan dianalisis. Analisis domain semantik ini akan memperlihatkan kolokasi kata yang berlaku. Analisis yang dilakukan berfokus pada kolokasi kata cantik yang dirujuk pada wanita dan menggunakan iklan tempatan produk kecantikan wanita sebagai data. Data diperoleh daripada pelbagai bentuk media. Analisis yang dilakukan menggunakan empat metod, iaitu kajian pustaka, syot layar, analisis teks dan kuantitatif. Dapatan analisis antaranya memperlihatkan definisi kata cantik untuk wanita tempatan: kulit – cerah, gebu, putih, Ø parut jerawat, Ø kering; bentuk badan – langsing; bibir – berwarna merah, Ø kering; rambut – lebat, hitam, harum; kuku - kuat, iaitu tidak mudah patah; dan telapak kaki dan tumit – lembut, Ø kering, harum. Sifat-sifat yang bertentangan pula dianggap sebagai tidak cantik. Dapatan ini memperlihatkan bahawa makna cantik berkaitan dengan tiga deria, iaitu rasa, lihat dan bau. Analisis ini menunjukkan definisi kata "cantik" diterangkan dari perkataan yang digunakan secara bersama - kolokasi.
Targeting and Attacking America
Authors: Asal Victor , Rethemeyer R. Karl
Published: July 2019

Hating America – and targeting or killing Americans – at times seems like a mandatory activity for terrorists, yet only a small minority of known terrorist organizations target or attack American interests. Under what circumstances do terrorist organizations choose to target American citizens and interests? When do they actually commit such attacks? To answer these questions, we leverage data from the Memorial Institute for the Prevention of Terrorism’s database on terrorist organizations and attacks. Our statistical analysis finds that the factors that drive an organization to target US interests are not completely co-terminus with those factors that help to explain the pattern of actual attacks. The propensity to target and to attack US interests are both related to alliance connections and basing of US troops in authoritarian countries that host a given terrorist organization.
An Alternative to Field Retting: Fibrous Materials Based on Wet Preserved Hemp for the Manufacture of Composites
Authors: Gusovius Hans-Jörg , Lühr Carsten , Hoffmann Thomas , Pecenka Ralf , Idler Christine
Published: July 2019

A process developed at the Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB) for the supply and processing of wet-preserved fiber plants opens up new potential uses for such resources. The processing of industrial hemp into fiber materials and products thereof is undergoing experimental research along the value-added chain from the growing process through to the manufacturing of product samples. The process comprises the direct harvesting of the field-fresh hemp and the subsequent anaerobic storage of the entire plant material. Thus, process risk due to unfavorable weather conditions is prevented in contrast to common dew retting procedures. The effects of the anaerobic storage processes on the properties of the bast part of the plant material are comparable to the results of common retting procedures. Harvest storage, as well as further mechanical processing, leads to different geometrical properties compared to the bast fibers resulting from traditional post harvesting treatment and decortication. The fiber raw material obtained in this way is well suited to the production of fiberboards and the reinforcement of polymer or mineral bonded composites. The objective of this paper is to present recent research results on final products extended by a comprehensive overview of the whole supply chain in order to enable further understanding of the result influencing aspects of prior process steps.
How to Increase Post-Thaw Semen Quality in Poor Freezing Stallions: Preliminary Results of the Promising Role of Seminal Plasma Added after Thawing
Authors: Šichtař Jiří , Bubeníčková Filipa , Sirohi Jitka , Šimoník Ondřej
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of two types of seminal plasma (SP) after thawing on the functional characteristics of frozen–thawed (F–T) spermatozoa of poor freezing stallions during prolonged incubation periods. Seminal plasma from stallions with 35–40% (standard seminal plasma, (S-SP)) and 60–70% (above standard seminal plasma, (A-SP)) progressively motile spermatozoa after thawing was used. The motility, kinematic parameters (Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis), distribution of spermatozoa into subpopulations, integrity (carboxyfluorescein diacetate/propidium iodide staining), and functionality (hypo-osmotic swelling (HOS) test) of the spermatozoa plasma membrane were evaluated after thawing (T0) and after 30 min (T30) of incubation at 37 °C. There was no effect of SP addition on spermatozoa motility, but there was a significant positive effect on the kinematic parameters at T0 and T30. The addition of SP significantly increased the percentage of spermatozoa in the fast subpopulation at T0 as well as at T30. Plasma membrane integrity was not affected by the treatment, but functionality significantly decreased by 5% compared to the control group when samples were incubated for 30 min with A-SP. In conclusion, generally, the post-thaw addition of seminal plasma positively affected the post-thaw quality of semen from poor freezing stallions.
Bispecific T-Cell Redirection versus Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cells as Approaches to Kill Cancer Cells
Authors: Strohl William R. , Naso Michael
Published: July 2019

The concepts for T-cell redirecting bispecific antibodies (TRBAs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells are both at least 30 years old but both platforms are just now coming into age. Two TRBAs and two CAR-T cell products have been approved by major regulatory agencies within the last ten years for the treatment of hematological cancers and an additional 53 TRBAs and 246 CAR cell constructs are in clinical trials today. Two major groups of TRBAs include small, short-half-life bispecific antibodies that include bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTE®s) which require continuous dosing and larger, mostly IgG-like bispecific antibodies with extended pharmacokinetics that can be dosed infrequently. Most CAR-T cells today are autologous, although significant strides are being made to develop off-the-shelf, allogeneic CAR-based products. CAR-Ts form a cytolytic synapse with target cells that is very different from the classical immune synapse both physically and mechanistically, whereas the TRBA-induced synapse is similar to the classic immune synapse. Both TRBAs and CAR-T cells are highly efficacious in clinical trials but both also present safety concerns, particularly with cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity. New formats and dosing paradigms for TRBAs and CAR-T cells are being developed in efforts to maximize efficacy and minimize toxicity, as well as to optimize use with both solid and hematologic tumors, both of which present significant challenges such as target heterogeneity and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
Geometric Phase Effects in Ultracold Chemical Reactions
Authors: Kendrick Brian , Balakrishnan N.
Published: July 2019

The role of the geometric phase effect in chemical reaction dynamics has long been a topic of active experimental and theoretical investigations. The topic has received renewed interest in recent years in cold and ultracold chemistry where it was shown to play a decisive role in state-to-state chemical dynamics. We provide a brief review of these developments focusing on recent studies of O + OH and hydrogen exchange in the H + H 2 and D + HD reactions at cold and ultracold temperatures. Non-adiabatic effects in ultracold chemical dynamics arising from the conical intersection between two electronic potential energy surfaces are also briefly discussed. By taking the hydrogen exchange reaction as an illustrative example it is shown that the inclusion of the geometric phase effect captures the essential features of non-adiabatic dynamics at collision energies below the conical intersection.
Beverage Sensory Modification
Authors: Malfeito-Ferreira Manuel
Published: July 2019

The Special Issue on “Beverage Sensory Modification” gathers a series of articles that feature the broad sense of sensory modification, either by improving flavor, taste, and mouthfeel properties or by preventing their spoilage [...]
Biomechanical Restoration Potential of Pentagalloyl Glucose after Arterial Extracellular Matrix Degeneration
Authors: Patnaik Sourav S. , Piskin Senol , Pillalamarri Narasimha Rao , Romero Gabriela , Escobar G. Patricia , Sprague Eugene , Finol Ender A.
Published: July 2019

The objective of this study was to quantify pentagalloyl glucose (PGG) mediated biomechanical restoration of degenerated extracellular matrix (ECM). Planar biaxial tensile testing was performed for native (N), enzyme-treated (collagenase and elastase) (E), and PGG (P) treated porcine abdominal aorta specimens (n = 6 per group). An Ogden material model was fitted to the stress–strain data and finite element computational analyses of simulated native aorta and aneurysmal abdominal aorta were performed. The maximum tensile stress of the N group was higher than that in both E and P groups for both circumferential (43.78 ± 14.18 kPa vs. 10.03 ± 2.68 kPa vs. 13.85 ± 3.02 kPa; p = 0.0226) and longitudinal directions (33.89 ± 8.98 kPa vs. 9.04 ± 2.68 kPa vs. 14.69 ± 5.88 kPa; p = 0.0441). Tensile moduli in the circumferential direction was found to be in descending order as N > P > E (195.6 ± 58.72 kPa > 81.8 ± 22.76 kPa > 46.51 ± 15.04 kPa; p = 0.0314), whereas no significant differences were found in the longitudinal direction (p = 0.1607). PGG binds to the hydrophobic core of arterial tissues and the crosslinking of ECM fibers is one of the possible explanations for the recovery of biomechanical properties observed in this study. PGG is a beneficial polyphenol that can be potentially translated to clinical practice for preventing rupture of the aneurysmal arterial wall.
Combined Treatment with MEK and mTOR Inhibitors is Effective in In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Xianqiong , Hu Junjie , Song Xinhua , Utpatel Kirsten , Zhang Yi , Wang Pan , Lu Xinjun , Zhang Jie , Xu Meng , Su Tao , Che Li , Wang Jingxiao , Evert Matthias , Calvisi Diego , Chen Xin
Published: July 2019

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer histotype, characterized by high biological aggressiveness and scarce treatment options. Recently, we have established a clinically relevant murine HCC model by co-expressing activated forms of v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (AKT) and oncogene c-mesenchymal-epithelial transition (c-Met) proto-oncogenes in the mouse liver via hydrodynamic tail vein injection (AKT/c-MET mice). Tumor cells from these mice demonstrated high activity of the AKT/ mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and Ras/ Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades, two pathways frequently co-induced in human HCC. Methods: Here, we investigated the therapeutic efficacy of sorafenib, regorafenib, the MEK inhibitor PD901 as well as the pan-mTOR inhibitor MLN0128 in the AKT/c-Met preclinical HCC model. Results: In these mice, neither sorafenib nor regorafenib demonstrated any efficacy. In contrast, administration of PD901 inhibited cell cycle progression of HCC cells in vitro. Combined PD901 and MLN0128 administration resulted in a pronounced growth constraint of HCC cell lines. In vivo, treatment with PD901 or MLN0128 alone moderately slowed HCC growth in AKT/c-MET mice. Importantly, the simultaneous administration of the two drugs led to a stable disease with limited tumor progression in mice. Mechanistically, combined mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) and mTOR inhibition resulted in a stronger cell cycle inhibition and growth arrest both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: Our study indicates that combination of MEK and mTOR inhibitors might represent an effective therapeutic approach against human HCC.
Human Aquaporin-5 Facilitates Hydrogen Peroxide Permeation Affecting Adaption to Oxidative Stress and Cancer Cell Migration
Authors: Rodrigues Claudia , Pimpão Catarina , Mósca Andreia F. , Coxixo Ana S. , Lopes Duarte , da Silva Inês Vieira , Pedersen Per Amstrup , Antunes Fernando , Soveral Graça
Published: July 2019

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), including H2O2, contribute to oxidative stress and may cause cancer initiation and progression. However, at low concentrations, H2O2 can regulate signaling pathways modulating cell growth, differentiation, and migration. A few mammalian aquaporins (AQPs) facilitate H2O2 diffusion across membranes and participate in tumorigenesis. AQP3 and AQP5 are strongly expressed in cancer tissues and AQP3-mediated H2O2 transport has been related to breast cancer cell migration, but studies with human AQP5 are lacking. Here, we report that, in addition to its established water permeation capacity, human AQP5 facilitates transmembrane H2O2 diffusion and modulates cell growth of AQP5-transformed yeast cells in response to oxidative stress. Mutagenesis studies revealed that residue His173 located in the selective filter is crucial for AQP5 permeability, and interactions with phosphorylated Ser183 may regulate permeation through pore blockage. Moreover, in human pancreatic cancer cells, the measured AQP5-mediated H2O2 influx rate indicates the presence of a highly efficient peroxiporin activity. Cell migration was similarly suppressed by AQP3 or AQP5 gene silencing and could be recovered by external oxidative stimuli. Altogether, these results unveiled a major role for AQP5 in dynamic fine-tuning of the intracellular H2O2 concentration, and consequently in activating signaling networks related to cell survival and cancer progression, highlighting AQP5 as a promising drug target for cancer therapies.
In Vivo Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells in High-Risk Non-Metastatic Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy
Authors: Chen Shukun , Tauber Gerlinde , Langsenlehner Tanja , Schmölzer Linda Maria , Pötscher Michaela , Riethdorf Sabine , Kuske Andra , Leitinger Gerd , Kashofer Karl , Czyż Zbigniew T. , Polzer Bernhard , Pantel Klaus , Sedlmayr Peter , Kroneis Thomas , El-Heliebi Amin
Published: July 2019

High-risk non-metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) has the potential to progress into lethal disease. Treatment options are manifold but, given a lack of surrogate biomarkers, it remains unclear which treatment offers the best results. Several studies have reported circulating tumor cells (CTCs) to be a prognostic biomarker in metastatic PCa. However, few reports on CTCs in high-risk non-metastatic PCa are available. Herein, we evaluated CTC detection in high-risk non-metastatic PCa patients using the in vivo CellCollector CANCER01 (DC01) and CellSearch system. CTC counts were analyzed and compared before and after radiotherapy (two sampling time points) in 51 high-risk non-metastatic PCa patients and were further compared according to isolation technique; further, CTC counts were correlated to clinical features. Use of DC01 resulted in a significantly higher percentage of CTC-positive samples compared to CellSearch (33.7% vs. 18.6%; p = 0.024) and yielded significantly higher CTC numbers (range: 0–15 vs. 0–5; p = 0.006). Matched pair analysis of samples between two sampling time points showed no difference in CTC counts determined by both techniques. CTC counts were not correlated with clinicopathological features. In vivo enrichment using DC01 has the potential to detect CTC at a higher efficiency compared to CellSearch, suggesting that CTC is a suitable biomarker in high-risk non-metastatic PCa.
Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells: Role in Metastasis and Opportunity for Therapeutic Targeting
Authors: Zong Xingyue , Nephew Kenneth P.
Published: July 2019

Ovarian cancer (OC) is a heterogeneous disease usually diagnosed at a late stage. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) that exist within the bulk tumor survive first-line chemotherapy and contribute to resistant disease with metastasis. Understanding the key features of CSC biology provides valuable opportunities to develop OCSC-directed therapeutics, which will eventually improve the clinical outcomes of patients. Although significant developments have occurred since OCSCs were first described, the involvement of CSCs in ovarian tumor metastasis is not fully understood. Here, we discuss putative CSC markers and the fundamental role of CSCs in facilitating tumor dissemination in OC. Additionally, we focus on promising CSC-targeting strategies in preclinical and clinical studies of OC and discuss potential challenges in CSC research.
Possible Biomarkers for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Otoshi Takehiro , Nagano Tatsuya , Tachihara Motoko , Nishimura Yoshihiro
Published: July 2019

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have drastically changed the clinical care of cancer. Although cancer immunotherapy has shown promise in various types of malignancies, thus far, the proportion of patients who can benefit from ICIs is relatively small. Immune-related adverse events and high cost are unavoidable problems. Therefore, biomarkers defining patients that are most likely to benefit from ICIs are urgently needed. The expression of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a logical biomarker for the prediction of response to anti-PD1/PD-L1 immunotherapies. However, its usefulness is currently debatable because of its varied definition, threshold, and spatial/temporal heterogeneity. Recently, it was reported that the tumor mutational burden, expression of neoantigens, mismatch repair status, and specific gene mutations may be markers for the success of treatment with ICIs. Moreover, it was suggested that the fecal microbiota prior to immunotherapy may play an important role in predicting the efficacy of ICIs. In this review, we focused on these potential biomarkers for cancer immunotherapy reported in recent clinical articles. Further studies are warranted to develop a predictive model using these biomarkers, with the aim of practicing precision medicine in cancer immunotherapy.