bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of autologous bone block and bioabsorbable screw in enlargement of bone tunnel in reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament
Authors: Bektaşer Süleyman Bülent , Öçgüder Durmuş Ali , Bozkurt İbrahim , Uluyardımcı Enes , Yalçın Muhammed Nadir
Published: March 2017

Purpose:

After reconstruction of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL), enlargement of bone tunnel is affected in different rates depending on graft fixation techniques. In this work, we searched the difference of tunnel enlargement between tibial fixation using autologous tibia bone block and tibial fixation using bioscrew.

Method:

In this prospective work, 48 patients are taken assessment, who were operated because of ACL rupture, from January 2012 to October 2013. The patients are operated by one surgeon and Hamstring tendon is used as graft (semitendinosus folded twice and gracilic tendons). Tibial fixation of 22 patients is ensured by autologous bone block and spiked washers. Tibial fixation of 26 patients is ensured by absorbable bioscrew and “U” nail. In both patient groups, femoral determination is made using sling implant. Between 2 and 2,5 postoperative years, the patients, visualized using computarized tomography, are assessed in enlargement of tibial tunnel diameter. Under clinical circumstances, patients are assessed using Lachman Test and Tegner Activity Score.

Results:

Sagittal and coronal Computarized Tomography vision of 48 patients, tunnel diameters are measured from 2 cm distal of articular surface, then the percentage of bone enlargement is counted. The tunnel diameter enlargement of 22 patients, to whom autologous bone block is used is %-0,18 in average, but the enlargement of 26 patients, to whom bioabsorbable screw is used, is 9,98 in average. When we compare the two group of tests, it is found that this test is statistically senseful in enlargement of tunnel diameter(p<0,001). When we compare the patients, the enlargement of tunnel gets lesser when we use bone block. According to Lachman test and Tegner Activity Score, it is not found any meaningful difference between two groups.

Conclusions:

After two years, in comparison with the patients used bioabsorbable screw, the patients, used autologous bone block, encountered lesser bone loss. This method gives a couple of benefits; lesser bone loss lesser enlargement of tunnel diameter, easier surgery revision(although there is no difference clinically), furthermore, it makes the surgery easier because it eliminates one stage of the operation. Besides, the usage of autologous bone block provides meaningful decrease in costs and this is an important advantage.
Association of Fibrosis in the Infrapatellar Fat Pad and Degenerative Cartilage Change of Patellofemoral Joint After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Lee Sang Hak , Yoon Kyung Ho , Bae Chan Il
Published: March 2017

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and risk factor of cartilage degeneration of patellofemoral joint (PFJ) that was diagnosed by second look arthroscopy in the short term follow-up period.

Methods:

One hundred seven patients who underwent ACL reconstruction were evaluated by preoperative MRI, postoperative MRI and second-look arthroscopy. Severity of infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) fibrosis was evaluated by MRI at average of 26 months after ACL reconstruction. Cartilage degeneration was assessed by second look arthroscopy at 29 months.

Results:

Twenty-five patients (24.0%) showed cartilage degeneration of PFJ in second look arthroscopy. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to severity of IPFP fibrosis tissue i.e. Group A: focal and incomplete band fibrosis, n=69, Group B: complete band fibrosis, n=31, and Group C: diffuse and infiltrated fibrosis, n=7. Cartilage degeneration of PFJ was significantly worsened with more fibrosis formation of IPFP (p<0.001). Other factors for instabilities, BMI, age, concomitant meniscal procedure, time from injury to reconstruction, severity of IPFP fibrosis of preoperative MRI and clinical scores were not correlated with cartilage degeneration of PFJ. The multivariate logistic regression analysis of degeneration of PFJ after ACL reconstruction identified more severe fibrosis tissue formation of IPFP and initial cartilage defect as significant predictors.

Conclusions:

More extensive fibrosis tissue of IPFP and initial cartilage defect related to further degenerative change of PFJ. Age, BMI, concomitant meniscal procedure, time from injury to reconstruction, clinical scores and instability did not affect cartilage degeneration of PFJ in the short term follow-up period. [Figure: see text]
Developmental patello-femoral displasia (experimental study)
Authors: Sülük Ünal , Çobanoğlu Mutlu , Özkan İlhan
Published: March 2017

Similar to developmental hip dysplasia patella is an important factor for the development of femoral troclea. This study was performed in an attempt to evaluate the effect of patella on development of femoral trochlea. Thirty two 4 weeks old New Zeeland rabbits were used in this study. Patella of the left knee was dislocated and 4 weeks after, a new operation was performed to relocate the patella to its normal anatomical location (group 1, 16 rabbits). In the second 16 rabbits patella of the left knee was dislocated and no other surgical intervention was performed (group 2). All the non operated right knees were used as the control group (group 3). All the rabbits were sacrificed when they were 6 months old. Computed tomography (CT) was performed to measure femoral sulcus angle and femoral trochlear dept in every knee. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Anova and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to evaluate the results. Trochlear sulcus angle was measured as 127.7 degree in group 1, 133.85 degree in group 2 and 127.0 degree in control group. The depth of the trochlear grove is 1.41 mm, 1.15 mm and 1.26 mm respectively. Trochlear sulcus angle and depth that were measured in group 2 were statistically different from group 1 and control group (P<0.05). The most important finding of this study is insufficient development of trochlear sulcus in group 1 in which the patella was dislocated. Bone development is a complex procedure, mechanical stress has an important role on bone morphology. This study showed that patellar impulse is needed for a normal trochlear sulcus development. Similar to developmental hip dysplasia shallow trochlear sulcus due to insufficient patellar impulse can be named as “developmental patello-femoral dysplasia”. Malposition of patella on trochlear grove has an important role in patello-femoral pain syndrolme. Diagnosis and treatment of this malposition in early ages can reduce the incidence of patello-femoral pain syndrome and other patello-femoral abnormalities in adult age. This study demonstrated that, similar to developmental hip dysplasia, patello-femoral dysplasia must be diagnosed and treated in early ages to prevent anatomical abnormalities. [Figure: see text]
Radiological Comparison and Functional Outcomes of Robotic Assisted Medial Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty with Metal-Backed Onlay Tibial Components
Authors: Haklar Uğur , Ulusoy Ertuğrul , Şimşek Tayfun
Published: March 2017

Robotic surgery studies have been increasing considering operative advantages on reducing error and improving functional success in partial knee arthroplasty. We have been curious whether planning and application of knee implants assisted robotically correspond to their radiological outcomes. Moreover, we were also curious about functional outcomes.

Methods:

Data were prospectively collected in 42 patients (62 knees) who underwent MAKOplasty, robotic assisted unicondylar medial knee arthroplasty, between June 2013 – December 2015 For evaluation of components’ accuracy, intra-operative robotic analyses were compared with post-operative radiographic alignment. Statistical analysis was done on these values using paired T-Test. Additionally in our clinic with an average follow-up time of 22 months. Clinical outcomes were evaluated with American Knee Society Scoring (AKSS) System.

Results:

Difference between intra-operative robotic plans and post-operative radiographs was evaluated for the flexion angle of the femoral component, posterior slope of the tibial component and the varus angle of the tibial component. A novel method is used to evaluate the varus angle of the tibial component. All of the errors are <=0.5°, approximately 86% of the errors are <=0.3° while 18% of errors are zero. No significant difference was observed statistically (paired t-test, p<0.05). Post-operatively all 42 patients had excellent knee scores (mean, 99.67) and functional scores (mean, 99.04) on AKSS while pre-operatively 2 were scored fair, 40 were score poor, and functionally 14 were scored fair and 28 were scored poor.

Conclusion:

The difference between robotic plans and radiographic outcomes was statistically not significant where metal-backed onlay tibial components were used.
Oxford phase 3 unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (clinical and radiological results)
Authors: Uygur Ayşe Esin , Tüzüner Tolga , Peker Barış , Şenel Ahmet , Polat Barış
Published: March 2017

Purpose:

To evaluate the radiological, clinical results and determine the factors affect implant survival of Oxford phase 3 unicompartmental knee arthroplasty(UKA) which were performed for unicompartmental osteoartrithis between 2011-2016.

Materials Methods:

In this retrospective study; Oxford phase 3 UKA applied 52 knees of 49 patients with minimum 6 months follow-up were included. Lateral UKA, hemiCAP applied patients not inclueded. Knee Society Score(KSS), functional knee society score(fKSS), Oxford Knee Score(OKS), visual analog scale(VAS) score were pre and postoperatively used. Range of motion(ROM), body mass index(BMI), patello-femoral arthrosis presence were recorded. In radiological evaluation we used posterior tibial slope(PTS), tibial plato angle(TPA), femorotibial angle(FTA) in addition to Oxford radiological criteria. We grouped patients according to their ages, follow-up time, body mass index, radiological criteria, patellofemoral arthrosis presence, complication and revision existence. Clinical, functional results of these groups compared statistically. The factors which affect upcoming of revision by regression analysis and four years survivorship without infirmity by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were determined.

Results:

40 female, 9 male patients inclueded with avarage age, BMI, follow-up time is 60, 34.6, 30 months. OKS, KSS, fKSS, ROM improved significantly from 12.7, 43.3, 34.8,111º preoperatively to 37.8, 85.7, 82, 123º postoperatively. VAS decreased from 9 to 2.6. Not significant differences was found between the age and patellofemaral arthrosis groups. Postop VAS scores were high, knee scores were significantly low at morbid obeses while other BMI groups got perfect knee scores. Knee scores are significantly low, VAS scores are high at patients with femoral component varus is 10º, greater than 10 º, postop TPA is smaller than 85º, higher than 90º. Most frequent mistake was sagittal plane positioning of femoral component. Lateral positioning and more than 10º varus-valgus of tibial component, abnormal PTS, more than 10º varus-valgus of femoral component are the most frequent mistakes of revised knees. All revised cases were in the group that operated at first two years of surgical experience. Postop PTS, TPA, morbid obesity are the most significant factors which affect upcoming revision. Revision ratio is 11.5%. Acccording to Kaplan-Meier survival analysis; 1, 2, 3, 4 years survivorship without any infirmity are 93.7%, 91.5%, 91.5%, 85.7% respectivly.

Conclusion:

Independent from age, patellofemoral arthrosis; it is possible to achieve perfect results at anteromedial arthrosis with UKA by convenient patient selection, correct surgical technique and improved surgical experience. Postop TPA, PTS and patient based factor morbid obesity are the most important factors for success. [Figure: see text][Figure: see text]
Is ‘Season’ a Risk Factor for Prosthetic Joint Infections?
Authors: Kuyucu Ersin , Çetinkaya Engin , Gülenç Barış , Erdil Mehmet , Kocabey Yavuz
Published: March 2017

Background:

There are no clear data whether the season of arthroplasty has any demonstrable effect on the emergence of PJI. In the present study we aimed to explore the effect of the season of arthroplasty surgery on the PJI incidence, and to test if season of arthroplasty is a risk factor for PJI.

Material & Method:

Our study involved 174 (2.5%) patients with superficial and/or deep infection among 6902 patients who underwent arthroplasty procedure at Taksim First Aid Training and Research Hospital, Baltalimanı Bone Hospital and Medipol University Hospital during an approximately 10-year period between January 2006 and June 2015.

Results:

An analysis of the timing of the surgeries revealed that the first operations were most commonly performed in February (14.4%) and March (13.8%). The season in which most operations were performed was Spring (n=60; 34.5%) whereas Fall had the least number of operations (n=31; 17.8%) There were also no significant monthly or seasonal differences between the number of infections when separate analyses were done for hip joint (n=88) and knee joint replacements (n=86) (p>0.05)

Discussion:

Despite the lack of a definitive information about the seasonal predilection of prosthetic joint infections, Kane et al showed a significantly increased incidence of infection in summer months among 750 patients operated with arthroplasty, of whom 17 suffered such infection (15). In contrast, among 174 prosthetic joint infections, we found no significant monthly and/or seasonal difference in the incidence of prosthetic joint infections.Increased moisture and temperature increase bacterial colonization both in the outer environment and on the host’s skin, increasing the sensitivity to infections. Perspiration of the host, closed environmental conditions, and increased moisture are other important factors promoting bacterial colonization (16,17). However, appropriate care of the surgical field following surgery is the most important factor reducing bacterial colonization of skin. Another significant problem with arthroplasty surgery is patient satisfaction, which is promoted by as short as possible waiting times from the time of decision to operate to the time of procedure.In conclusion, the incidence of prosthetic joint infections is not increased after arthroplasty operation in summer when bacterial colonization is promoted by increased temperature and moisture. Therefore, season does not appear as a risk factor.
The effects of patello-femoral arthrosis to the outcome of unicompartmental arthroplasty
Authors: Tüzüner Tolga , Uygur Ayşe Esin , Çirçi Esra , Eren Murat , Demirci Ziya
Published: March 2017

Purpose:

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty is developed for the treatment of unicompartment arthrosis. Participation of multi compartments to the disease and patello-femoral arthrosis classically form a contraindication for this surgery. Different opinions were reported in literature on this subject. In this study, the effects of the presence of patello-femoral arthrosis on post-operative clinical and functional outcomes and revision process were investigated.

Method:

Pre-operative magnetic resonance (MR) images of 52 patients undergone medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty between the years of 2011-2016 who completed minimum 6 months of follow-up period were evaluated. According to the presence of patello-femoral arthrosis, patients were classified into groups as non-arthrosis, grade 1-2 and grade 3-4. Statistical comparison were performed on knee society score (KSS), functional knee society score (fKSS), Oxford knee score (OKS), visual analog scale (VAS) score and post-operative joint range of motion (ROM) results.

Results:

24 of 52 patients had no patello-femoral arthrosis. 13 patients were diagnosed with grade 1-2 and 15 patients were diagnosed with grade 3-4 patello-femoral arthrosis. No statistically significant difference was observed in patello-femoral arthrosis groups in average post-operative KSS, fKSS, OKS, VAS values. No revision proceeding was demonstrated in regression analysis.

Conclusion:

The results obtained from this study demonstrated that patello-femoral arthrosis has no effect on clinical and functional results. Yet, it is also considered that there is no factor to affect the implant survival rate. Having that said, when the number of patients and relatively short follow-up periods are considered, it is our opinion that new studies are required in this matter. [Figure: see text]
International Students’ Satisfaction
Authors: Asare-Nuamah Peter
Published: March 2017

Studies have shown that students’ satisfaction is an important element that should be given much attention by educators in their policymaking. Students’ satisfaction has impact on retention and financial capacity of institutions. With the objective of assessing the factors affecting international students’ satisfaction, a descriptive research was carried out at Veer Narmad South Gujarat University. The sample size comprising 29 international students and structured questionnaire was administered for data collection. The results indicate that students have high satisfaction for library, contact with teachers, class size, course content, reading materials and administrative services of the University. The results also show that there is low satisfaction of students regarding majority of the university services. The study recommends the need for university authorities to pay particular attention to the factors that affect students’ satisfaction and tailor the university services to meet students’ needs and increase their satisfaction.
Experiments in Favour of a Publicly Funded and Socially Responsive Higher Education System in the State of Kerala
Authors: Tharakan P. K. Michael
Published: March 2017

It was not far back in history when a significant section of society in India preferred public funding over private funding for education. This article attempts to go back to the decisive point when private funding replaced public funding for education. It also investigates the reasons for such a shift in preference. Even after the preference for private funding became clear, there were dissenting voices. The logic of the dissenting arguments is also discussed. This review will assess three important experiments undertaken in the State of Kerala during 2006 and 2011 in favour of a publically funded and socially responsive educational system. They were (i) working out a formula for equitable distribution of government grants to universities on the basis of performance and needs; (ii) steps towards social preparation for higher education with focussed merit-cum-means scholarships; and (iii) an attempt at clustering of colleges with diverse capacities which can eventually turn into decentralized and flexible universities or university like formations at the district level.
Post-2003 Iran–Iraq Cooperation in the Oil and Gas Sector: Initiatives, Challenges, and Future Scenarios
Authors: Ashwarya Sujata
Published: March 2017

Iran–Iraq cooperation in the oil and gas sector took shape after the 2003 war as relations between the two countries improved with the assumption of power by a Shia-led government in Baghdad. The two Persian Gulf neighbors recognize the importance of joint or unitized development of cross-border oil fields and have taken preliminary initiatives to that end. Inter-state pipelines for energy export and import are binding them into a tight economic embrace, and combined backing for high oil prices as well as mutual support for raising production quota in the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) speak of their similar imperatives for high revenue. However, Iran and Iraq continue to face challenges to their collaborative ventures, which stem from their historical rivalry over oil production and sales, persisting Iraqi suspicion of Iranian domination, absence of a hydrocarbon law in Iraq, and Iraq’s energy agreements with Iran that add to regional tensions with Baghdad’s Sunni neighbors. The road ahead is likely to see dynamic cooperation in areas that are less contentious, such as building of oil and gas pipelines, whereas the prickly issue of unitization of shared fields would take a backseat.
TheREE-and HFSE-bearing phases in the Itatiaia alkaline complex (Brazil) and geochemical evolution of feldspar-rich felsic melts
Authors: Melluso Leone , Guarino Vincenza , Lustrino Michele , Morra Vincenzo , de' Gennaro Roberto
Published: March 2017

The Late Cretaceous Itatiaia complex is made up of nepheline syenite grading to peralkaline varieties, quartz syenite and granite, emplaced in the metamorphic rocks of the Serra do Mar, SE Brazil. The nepheline syenites are characterized by assemblages with alkali feldspar, nepheline, Fe-Ti oxides, clinopyroxene, amphibole, apatite and titanite, while the peralkaline nepheline syenites have F-disilicates (rinkite, wöhlerite, hiortdahlite, låvenite), britholite and pyrophanite as the accessory phases. The silica-oversaturated rocks have alkali feldspar, plagioclase, quartz, amphibole, clinopyroxene and Fe-Ti oxides; the chevkinite-group minerals are the featured accessory phases and are found with allanite, fluorapatite, fluorite, zircon, thorite, yttrialite, zirconolite, pyrochlore and yttrocolumbite. The major- and trace-element composition of the Itatiaia rocks have variations linked to the amount of accessory phases, have smooth, enriched chondritenormalized rare-earth element (REE) distribution patterns in the least-evolved nepheline syenites and convex patterns in the most-evolved nepheline syenites. TheREEdistribution patterns of the quartz syenites and granites show a typical pattern caused by fractional crystallization of feldspar and amphibole, in an environment characterized by relatively high oxygen fugacity (>NiNiO buffer) and high concentrations of H2O and F, supporting the crystallization of hydrous phases, fluorite and F-disilicates. The removal of small amounts of titanite in the transition from the least-evolved to the most-evolved nepheline syenites stems from petrogenetic models involvingREE, and is shown to be a common feature of the magmatic evolution of many other syenitic/ trachytic/ phonolitic complexes of the Serra do Mar and elsewhere.
Alternative donors for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in poor-risk AML in CR1
Authors: Versluis Jurjen , Labopin Myriam , Ruggeri Annalisa , Socie Gerard , Wu Depei , Volin Liisa , Blaise Didier , Milpied Noel , Craddock Charles , Yakoub-Agha Ibrahim , Maertens Johan , Ljungman Per , Huynh Anne , Michallet Mauricette , Deconinck Eric , Chevallier Patrice , Passweg Jakob , Ciceri Fabio , Mohty Mohamad , Cornelissen Jan J. , Nagler Arnon
Published: March 2017

Key Points

The preferred donor for patients with poor-risk AML in CR1 proceeding to alloHSCT include MRD or 10/10 MUD. Alternative donors are 9/10 MUD, UCB grafts, and especially haplo, but sufficient numbers and follow-up to define a hierarchy are lacking.
Translational research in pediatric pulmonary disease, 2017
Authors: Rubin Bruce K.
Published: March 2017

As readers of this journal know, translational research is the application of basic science findings to improve clinical care; a process that was once called “bench‐to‐bedside” research. In my field of pediatric pulmonary disease, the rapid advancement of basic science understanding into improved clinical care has been, to use an appropriate term, breathtaking. In this perspective article, I will describe a few of these advances, as they relate to specific pulmonary diseases.
High quality draft genome sequence of an extremely halophilic archaeon Natrinema altunense strain AJ2T
Authors: Cheng Hong , Huo Ying-Yi , Hu Jing , Xu Xue-Wei , Wu Min
Published: March 2017

Natrinema altunense strain AJ2T, a halophilic archaeal strain, was isolated from a high-altitude (3884 m) salt lake in Xinjiang, China. This strain requires at least 1.7 M NaCl to grow and can grow anaerobically in the presence of nitrate. To understand the genetics underlying its extreme phenotype, we de novo assembled the entire genome sequence of AJ2T (=CGMCC 1.3731T=JCM 12890T). We assembled 3,774,135 bp of a total of 4.4 Mb genome in only 20 contigs and noted its high GC content (64.6%). Subsequently we predicted the gene content and generated genome annotation to identify the relationship between the epigenetic characteristics and genomic features. The genome sequence contains 52 tRNA genes, 3 rRNA genes and 4,462 protein-coding genes, 3792 assigned as functional or hypothetical proteins in nr database. This Whole Genome Shotgun project was deposited in DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank under the accession JNCS00000000. We performed a Bayesian (Maximum-Likelihood) phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA sequence and obtained its relationship to other strains in the Natrinema and Haloterrigena genera. We also confirmed the ANI value between every two species of Natrinema and Haloterrigena genera. In conclusion, our analysis furthered our understanding of the extreme-environment adapted strain AJ2T by characterizing its genome structure, gene content and phylogenetic placement. Our detailed case study will contribute to our overall understanding of why Natrinema strains can survive in such a high-altitude salt lake.
The neglected of eosinophil biology, IL-3 finds sustenance in the basophil
Authors: Esnault Stephane
Published: March 2017

The understanding of the unique IL-3 functions on eosinophils and basophils should provide further justification for examining the role of therapies targeting IL-3 pathway.
Impact of a New Palliative Care Program on Health System Finances: An Analysis of the Palliative Care Program Inpatient Unit and Consultations at Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions
Authors: Isenberg Sarina R. , Lu Chunhua , McQuade John , Chan Kelvin K.W. , Gill Natasha , Cardamone Michael , Torto Deirdre , Langbaum Terry , Razzak Rab , Smith Thomas J.
Published: March 2017

Purpose:

Palliative care inpatient units (PCUs) can improve symptoms, family perception of care, and lower per-diem costs compared with usual care. In March 2013, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions (JHMI) added a PCU to the palliative care (PC) program. We studied the financial impact of the PC program on JHMI from March 2013 to March 2014.

Methods:

This study considered three components of the PC program: PCU, PC consultations, and professional fees. Using 13 months of admissions data, the team calculated the per-day variable cost pre-PCU (ie, in another hospital unit) and after transfer to the PCU. These fees were multiplied by the number of patients transferred to the PCU and by the average length of stay in the PCU. Consultation savings were estimated using established methods. Professional fees assumed a collection rate of 50%.

Results:

The total positive financial impact of the PC program was $3,488,863.17. There were 153 transfers to the PCU, 60% with cancer, and an average length of stay of 5.11 days. The daily loss pretransfer to the PCU of $1,797.67 was reduced to $1,345.34 in the PCU (−25%). The PCU saved JHMI $353,645.17 in variable costs, or $452.33 per transfer. Cost savings for PC consultations in the hospital, 60% with cancer, were estimated at $2,765,218. $370,000 was collected in professional fees savings.

Conclusion:

The PCU and PC program had a favorable impact on JHMI while providing expert patient-centered care. As JHMI moves to an accountable care organization model, value-based patient-centered care and increased intensive care unit availability are desirable.
Prior Authorization for Medications in a Breast Oncology Practice: Navigation of a Complex Process
Authors: Agarwal Ankit , Freedman Rachel A. , Goicuria Felicia , Rhinehart Catherine , Murphy Kathleen , Kelly Eileen , Mullaney Erin , St. Amand Myra , Nguyen Phuong , Lin Nancy U.
Published: March 2017

Introduction:

The cost and burden associated with prior authorization (PA) for specialty medications are concerns for oncologists, but the impact of the PA process on care delivery has not been well described. We examined PA processes and approval patterns within a high-volume breast oncology clinic at a major academic cancer center.

Methods:

We met with institutional staff to create a PA workflow and process map. We then abstracted pharmacy and medical records for all patients with breast cancer (N = 279) treated at our institution who required a PA between May and November 2015 (324 prescriptions). We examined PA approval rates, time to approval, and associations of these outcomes with the type of medication being prescribed, patient demographics, and method of PA.

Results:

Seventeen possible process steps and 10 decision points were required for patients to obtain medications requiring a PA. Of the 324 PAs tracked, 316 (97.5%) were approved on the first PA request after an average time of 0.82 days (range, 0 to 14 days). Approximately half of PAs were for either palbociclib (26.5%) or pegfilgrastim (22.2%), and 13.6% of PAs were for generic hormonal therapy. Requirements to fax PA requests were associated with greater delay in approval time (1.31 v 0.17 days for online requests; P < .001). The use of specialty pharmacies increased staff burden and delays in medication receipt.

Conclusion:

The PA process is complicated and labor intensive. Given the high PA approval rate, it is unlikely that PA requirements reduce medication utilization in practice, and these requirements may impose unnecessary burdens on patient care. The goals and requirements for PAs should be readdressed.
MAIN DIRECTIONS OF TECHNICAL SERVICE DEVELOPMENT IN AGRICULTURE OF TATARSTAN
Authors: Ибляминов  , Iblyaminov Fanil , Асадуллин  , Asadullin Enver , Закирова  , Zakirova Tatyana
Published: March 2017

The article analyzes the main directions of the organization of technical service in the agricultural sector. It is noted, that Tatarstan is characterized by an increased role of large enterprises in production, it is necessary to pay special attention to the organization of maintenance of medium and small agricultural enterprises. In addition, as a consequence of increasing the service life of equipment to the cancellation of a growing there is a necessary for repair and maintenance work. Farm productivity is low, in particular due to their poor technical equipment. The structure of repair and service base was changed, the value of non impersonal repair is increasing.
THE INFLUENCE OF UDDER DESEASES ON REPRODUCTIVE QUALITIES OF COWS
Authors: Зверева  , Zvereva Evgeniya , Зубкова  , Zubkova Lidiya , Андрианова  , Andrianova Elena
Published: March 2017

The article presents the results of the analysis of the impact of udder diseases of subclinical and clinical forms of mastitis of different breeds of cows.The fertility of cows, which were ill, in comparison with healthy cows, was reduced. This fact has reflected in the increase of the length of service and the interlactation period. The subclinical and clinical forms of mastit has reflected as a great reduction of live weight of the cows of the studied breeds. Significantly, the greatest difference was obtained from crossbred cows of the Yaroslavl breed, which was 37 kg.
Winter triticale yield, depending on agrotechnical methods of cultivation
Authors: Чекмарев  , Chekmarev Yakov , Шашкаров  , Shashkarov Leonid
Published: March 2017

In 2012, due to reducing the acreage of sown area, the total harvest of grain amounted only 71 million tons , i.e. decreased to 45 million tons, compared to 1990. Besides all this, the quality of sowing seeds of crops became worse, which is directly connected with the widespread violation of crops cultivation technology, unreasonable decrease the doses of applied mineral fertilizers and deterioration of varietal composition and quality of sown seeds. The main way to solve these problems is increasing yields through the introduction of crops and varieties with high adaptive properties and improved cropping technology.
POTATO YIELD, DEPENDING ON AGROTECHNICAL METHODS OF CULTIVATION
Authors: Табаков  , Tabakov Aleksey , Шашкаров  , Shashkarov Leonid , Самаркина  , Samarkina Marina
Published: March 2017

The article presents the results of field experiments on the effect of preplant soil techniques in combination with different doses of fertilizers and pesticides in the cultivation of potato of Impala variety on productivity in the Chuvash Republic, which is located in the south-eastern part of the Volga-Vyatka region. The positive impact of the studied factors on yield and quality of potato tubers was revealed.
Development of operational costs controlling within automated control system
Authors: Гиниятуллин  , Giniyatullin Yunir
Published: March 2017

In the current economic conditions it is particularly important to create reliable cost information, using the tools of the automated system operational controlling. Lack of an effective system of controlling of cost and management accounting often leads to problems in the development of management strategies by financial results and cost’s of oil production enterprises. ERP-system is currently possible to develop an effective strategy of cost management , but the controversial issues are the choice of objects of managerial cost accounting of oil and gas company, develop options for synthetic and analytical cost accounting group, using the 30 accounts and specific analytical grouping costs, creating transformation models of cost elements, costs of processes and costs, collected in their places of origin in the cost of oil and associated gas. According to a survey of large and marginal companies of the Republic of Tatarstan and the Russian Federation, in the article we presented the content and relationship diagram of objects of costs controlling within automated enterprise management system, the classification of costs for primary and secondary, codes of 30th accounts, reflecting costs elements, the composition of the oil activities companies, which are formed in the context of costs according to the principles of the ABC method and the scheme of the formation of oil production costs within the automated control system of the company (SAP). The recommendations allow you to develop the costs controlling concept, as at group level and at the level of Oil and Gas Management.
Institutional approach to the evaluation of securities quality and qualitative selection
Authors: Сафиуллин  , Safiullin Nail , Хадеева  , Khadeeva Rimma
Published: March 2017

In nowadays economy of foreign countries and Russia institutional approaches are mostly created to determine the quality of products, and to a lesser extent, they are applied in assessing the quality of stock liquidity. The securities, including stocks, commodities are nonphysical nature. Thus, we can introduce the following definition: the quality of the securities is a set of its characteristics, related to its ability to satisfy stated and implied needs. The assessment of the quality of the securities is a measure of compliance the realization of the rights, conferred on security, which allows to determine the satisfaction, established or suspected needs of the shareholder as an ownership of the securities. The assessment of quality of the shares liquidity is an actual problem of development of the securities market. However, it is little studied, because of its complexity. The compliance with the quality parameters of shares to shareholders query parameters can be measured by generalized indicators of quality, that we offer to enter, based on the formation of a number of informal rules. Since the introduced institutions of formation of quality and choice base comparison is not yet directly related to the informal rules, that exist in the memory of investors and shareholders in the form of texts, scientific propositions, brought to formula expressions, as guarantors of implementation, which are the individuals or investment companies - the issuer. Thus, the quality rate of shares is a value measure of correspondence between the parameters of bases of comparison and shares, relating to nonphysical goods. This paper also proposes a methodology and methods for assessing the quality of facilities and the customer satisfaction level. Through the use of a similarity measure, the generalized quality metrics were developed, which in the most general case can be taken into account peculiarities and specific functioning of subjects in the economy, based on the knowledge. The specific types of generalized indicators of quality were introduced. The choice of a base of comparison, arising from the formulation of the problem, was proved. The results can be applied in the field of quality management and the organization of production in various industries
Directions to increase the competitiveness and efficiency of agricultural enterprise structures of Krasnodar region
Authors: Халяпин  , Khalyapin Aleksey
Published: March 2017

The indicators of state supporting and development of enterprise structures in the agricultural sector of the region at the present stage were analyzed, the actual problems were defined and the main directions of improving their competitiveness and efficiency of the activities were justified. The strategy of effective development of business structures of the agricultural sector of the Krasnodar region should be aimed to strengthening their material and technical base, modernization of production, the creation of innovative farming systems and on other important tasks that will ensure increase their production efficiency and competitiveness ability. The main task of the state is to maintain the competitiveness and financial stability of the Russian agricultural sector and small businesses in the field of agriculture.
A Complex Approach to Centrifugal Pump Restoration and Modernization
Authors: Любимова Александра , Lyubimova Aleksandra , Соколова Елена , Sokolova Elena , Корнеев Алексей , Korneev Aleksey , Шилов Николай , Shilov Nikolay
Published: March 2017

The article provides the results of project aimed at creating a complex approach to centrifugal pump restoration and modernization. The rationale of the project claims that the uninterrupted operation and failure-free performance of the equipment under consideration is central to public utility-service satisfaction. The project team dwell on the major reasons for technological disturbances, rating hydrogenous wear top of the list. The approach proposed by the project team presupposes metal-plaque lubricant and polymeric composite application.
The Impact of Surface Modification on the Degree of Metal-Composite Adhesion
Authors: Тулинов Андрей , Tulinov Andrey , Шубенков Александр , Shubenkov Aleksandr
Published: March 2017

The article is devoted to the issues of improving metal-composite adhesion by modifying the connecting surfaces with phosphate coating applied to the metal surface prior to introducing the ChesterSuper composite. The authors provide the results of their empirical research to demonstrate that the mixed method improves adhesive strength by 40%. The mixed method proposed by the authors presupposes abrasive pre-treatment and subsequent phosphatizing.
Metadata of the Software Support of Manufacturing Equipment Diagnostics
Authors: Черкашов Александр , Cherkashov Aleksandr , Ермаков Александр , Ermakov Aleksandr
Published: March 2017

The article considers the principle of building diagnostics data based on needle hardware fault incidence. Diagnostics of hardware faults is carried out in the course of its operation and servicing. The authors put forward a scheme designed to accumulate and present in-diagnostics data. Information support provides an opportunity to apply diagnostics to computer-assisted and mechanical control system needle machines.
Greening Economy as a Significant Step Towards Living Standards Improvement
Authors: Голина Светлана , Golina Svetlana , Крюкова Елена , Kryukova Elena
Published: March 2017

The article is devoted to economicoeological issues. Human economic activities have a degrading effect on the biosphere in general. Therefore, it is imperative for the survival of the planet to develop a radically new type global eco-friendly economy.
Methods for determining the innovation effectiveness I n agricultural production
Authors: Фахретдинова  , Fakhretdinova Elvira
Published: March 2017

The article considers the results of a study on methodological problems in the inventory of small and medium businesses, the ratio of the theoretical approaches of Russian and international standards to the definitions, recognition criteria and evaluation of inventory, and it also offers the ways of Russian legislation development, regulating the accounting for small and medium-sized enterprises.
Evaluation the prospects of related groups of black-and-white cattle in breeding farms of the republic of Udmurtiya
Authors: Азимова  , Azimova Glafira
Published: March 2017

groups Gannoverhill Starbak 352790 - 3.13% and Blekstar 1929410 - 3.10%. Minimum index of protein content was in cows of Svit Haven Tradition 1682485 line and Vis Bek Ideald 1013415 - 3.04%. The coefficient of variation of protein content The article assesses the milk production of cows of different related groups of black-and-white cattle in breeding farms of the Republic of Udmuritya. We investigated the milk productivity of cows of different related groups in the last completed lactation. These studies were conducted in JSC “Uchkhoz Iyulskoe of Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy” of Votkinsk region, in agricultural producers cooperative “Kolos” of Vavozh district, in the agricultural producers cooperative named after “Michurin” of Balezino region of the Republic of Udmuritya. The data from the program “Seleks” was used to study the linear supplies and milk production. The maximum fat content observed in related groups Paklamar Astronavt 1458744, Valiant 165414, Osborndeyl Ayvengo 1189870 - 3.97%; 3.94%; 3.92% respectively. The coefficient of variation of this trait is 6.8-11.3%. The protein content at last completed lactation was characterized by low rates in all related groups. The best result was in cows of two related was light, and it ranges from 2.9 to 3.5%. It should be noted, that there was a slight negative correlation between the milk productivity and protein content, the correlation coefficient was 0.01 to 0.11. The conjugacy of the fat content in milk - the protein content of milk – is negative, the correlation coefficient ranges from - 0.18 to -0.36.
CONCEPTS AND MECHANISMS OF COMPETITIVE STRATEGY REALIZATION OF AGRICULTURE ENTERPRISES OF RUSSIA
Authors: Егорова  , Egorova Anastasiya , Кузнецов  , Kuznetsov Viktor
Published: March 2017

The article discusses and clarifies the concept of “competitive strategy”, based on an analysis of the proposed definitions of domestic and foreign scholars in the field of strategic management. The authors systematized problems, associated with the competitive strategy development, during the survey of managers and employees of agricultural enterprises. Taking into account identified problems, the mechanism of competitive strategy formation and implementation of agricultural enterprises was given, which is aimed to achieving a sustainable competitive advantage in strategic areas.
Development of primary income accounting of crop production
Authors: Закиров  , Zakirov Zufar , Закирова  , Zakirova Alsu , Клычова  , Klychova Guzaliya , Исхаков  , Iskhakov Albert
Published: March 2017

In modern conditions agricultural enterprises activity is affected by the organization of management, which provides economic independence of business entities, their competitiveness and return on production costs. In turn, the effectiveness of management is affected by the efficiency and adequacy of accounting information, which is received by the administrative and management personnel. The term of calculation, due to its versatility, is of a great interest on the part of scholars and practitioners. On the one hand, calculation is represented as a set of techniques of analytical accounting of expenses for production and calculation of the cost of production, on the other hand, it is presented as a component of cost accounting. All this shows, that this term includes various aspects, related to the development and acquisition of information about the production process, its costs and results. This information is undoubtedly important with the development of production activities of agricultural organization. Despite the rather close attention to the issues of cost accounting and calculation of the cost of agricultural production, there is a need to study in detail and further improvement of cost accounting and calculation of the cost of agricultural production in the management system of agricultural organization. The paper deals with the selection of objects for accounting of production, calculation facilities and calculation units in horse breeding. A method of calculating the cost of horse-breeding products was also provided. Simultaneous use of modern information technology will significantly reduce labor costs, compared to manual processing of accounting information
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ARABLE LAYER OF SODDY MESOPODZOL AND MIDDLING SOIL ON PROLONGED USE OF FERTILIZERS
Authors: Дзюин  , Dzyuin Aleksandr , Дзюин  , Dzyuin Gertsen , Бусоргина  , Busorgina Nina , Фатыхов  , Fatykhov Ildus
Published: March 2017

The chemical composition of the arable layer of soddy mesopodzol and middling soil was studied for 53 elements and 8 oxides. Образцы были отобраны в шестой ротации севооборота с варианта без удобрений и с варианта (NPK)60+известь по 1+2 г.к. под 1 и 2 ротацию севооборота в паровом поле длительного опыта, который заложен в 1971-1972 гг. на опытном поле НГБУ Удмуртский НИИСХ. The content of chemical elements in the soil is determined in the analytical certification test center (AСTС) Russian Research Institute of Mineral Resources named after N.M. Fedorovskiy by mass spectral analysis with inductively coupled plasma (MS) and atomic-emission method with inductively coupled plasma (AES). According to the research, it was found, that in the topsoil in the variant with mineral fertilizers the content of heavy metals (vanadium, chromium, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic, cadmium, lead) was increased relative to similar values in the variant of without fertilizers, but their concentration does not exceed the admissible concentration limit. The oxide content in the topsoil during long-term application of mineral fertilizers has not changed compared with their content in the topsoil without fertilizer.
DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE BIOTECHNOLOGIES IN AGRIBUSINESS
Authors: Медведева  , Medvedeva Veronika , Шинкевич  , Shinkevich Aleksey
Published: March 2017

The definition of an “intensification of agriculture” was given in his article. The authors believe, that introduction of innovative biotechnologies in agribusiness will allow to receive the domestic agricultural enterprises a competitive production in global world. This article is revealed the role of innovative biotechnologies and examples of their application in agriculture.