bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human herpesvirus type 6 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Shayestehpour Mohammad , Vatani Elnaz , Zamani Batool , Piroozmand Ahmad , Yazdani Shaghayegh , Esalatmanesh Kamal , Fateminasab Zahrasadat
Published: February 2024

Background and Objectives: Infectious agents are considered one of the possible etiological factors of systemic lupus ery- thematosus (SLE). It has been suggested that human herpesvirus type 6 (HHV-6) may trigger autoimmune disorders, but few studies have been conducted on the relationship between this virus and autoimmune diseases, especially SLE. The present study aimed to compare the frequency of HHV-6 infection between SLE patients and healthy individuals.
Materials and Methods: Serum samples were collected from 60 healthy people and 60 SLE patients referred to the rheu- matology clinic of Shahid-Beheshti Hospital, Kashan, Iran, from January 2020 to January 2021. The following data were collected from the medical records of patients: sex; age; duration of disease; SLE clinical manifestations; and disease activ- ity. After the extraction of viral DNA from samples, a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test was performed to detect HHV-6.
Results: HHV-6 was detected in 12 SLE patients (20%) and in 8 healthy individuals (13.3%). A significant correlation was not obtained between SLE and the presence of HHV-6 (P = 0.09). There was no correlation between musculoskeletal involvements, skin lesions, renal manifestations, and hematological manifestations with the presence of HHV-6 (P˃0.05). HHV-6 was detected more frequently in patients with active lupus than in patients with quiescent disease, but this difference was not significant (P=0.08).
Conclusion: Although patients with SLE had a higher prevalence of HHV-6 compared with healthy people, there is no strong link between HHV-6 infection and SLE. Future research is necessary because this data does not support the hypothesis that human herpesvirus 6 plays a role in the pathogenesis of SLE.
Diagnostic insights into disseminated histoplasmosis: a case report highlighting bone marrow analysis
Authors: Kaushik Vaanya , Khanna Ruchee , Khanna Vinay , Varma Muralidhar
Published: February 2024

We present a case of a 43-year-old immunocompromised female patient diagnosed with disseminated histoplasmosis on bone marrow examination, at clinical laboratory of Kasturba Hospital, Manipal, Karnataka, India. The patient, presenting with symptoms like weight loss, appetite loss, and pancytopenia, underwent bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. The bone marrow studies revealed HIV-associated changes and the yeast form of Histoplasma capsulatum, confirming disseminated histoplasmosis. Bone marrow examination is highlighted as a diagnostic tool with significant sensitivity in such cases. The report stresses on the importance of awareness and early diagnosis of histoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients, given its potential lethality and the need for timely therapeutic intervention for better prognosis.
Optimizing Nitrogen Fertilization for Barley Crop at Full and Deficit Irrigation in the Arid Region
Authors: Al-Menaie Habibah , Al-Ragam Ouhoud , Al-Shatti Abdullah , Al-Hadidi Mai Ali , Babu Merlene Ann
Published: February 2024

Background: Nitrogen and water are two major limiting factors that affects the growth and yield of barley. Optimization of nitrogen application is crucial in enhancing barley yield and nitrogen use efficiency while minimizing the negative effects of its intense application on human health and the environment. However, the crop yield response to nitrogen application rates differ under different irrigation conditions owing to the complementary relationship between nitrogen and water. Therefore, it is vital to study the impact of different nitrogen application rates on improving barley growth and yield under full as well as deficit irrigation to select the best field management option, thereby enhancing sustainable agriculture. Methods: The present study investigated the impact of three nitrogen application rates [0 (control), 50 and 100 kgN/ha)] at two irrigation rates corresponding to 100% and 75% crop evapotranspiration (ETc) on the growth, yield and nitrogen use efficiency of barley. Stable isotopic technique was used to determine the nitrogen use efficiency. Result: The nitrogen application rate enacted a significant impact on plant height, number of plants/m2, number of spikes/m2, biomass yield and nitrogen use efficiency; whereas irrigation rates significantly affected the plant height, number of plants/m2, spike length, number of spikes/m2, biomass yield, grain and straw yield. In addition, a significant interaction between irrigation and nitrogen was observed for all the studied parameters except plant height, spike length, straw yield and total nitrogen uptake. The deficit irrigation 75% ETc with 50 kgN/ha presented the highest nitrogen use efficiency (37.56%), but the total biomass yield was reduced by 37% in comparison to 100% ETc irrigation. Thus irrigation and fertilization combination of 100% ETc with 50 kgN/ha was identified as the best irrigation and fertilization practice producing highest biomass yield, grain yield and straw yield in barley with a nitrogen use efficiency of 20.48%.
Growth Performance of Rice Genotypes at the Seedling Stage under Different Salinity Stresses
Authors: Ikbal Mohammad Ferdous , Rafii Mohd Y. , Ramlee Shairul Izan , Yaapar Muhammad Nazmin , Islam Mirza Mofazzal , Shultana Rakiba , Rana Md Masud , Anisuzzaman Mohammad , Haque Md Azadul
Published: February 2024

Background: Worldwide coastal rice growing areas are severely affected by salinity which has become a major constraint to rice production. Salinity is a serious soil problem in rice-growing countries, severely limiting global rice production. Methods: In this study, the seedlings of 21 rice genotypes were tested against seven different levels of salinity concentrations (0.3, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 dSm-1) under a hydroponic system in a glasshouse condition at Field 10, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). Data on seedling growth and salinity injury of the tested rice genotypes were recorded. Result: The results showed that Pokkali, FL478 and Binadhan-10 were tolerant at 12 dSm-1; BRRI dhan73, BRRI dhan61, Binadhan-8, BRRI dhan67 and BRRI dhan47 were tolerant at 10 dSm-1; Putra-1 were moderately tolerant at 8 dSm-1 and MR263, MR284, MR211 and MRQ74 were tolerant at 4 dSm-1 and rest of the genotypes were salt susceptible. The lower amount of Na: K and Na: Ca were measured from rice genotypes, Pokkali and FL478 at maximum salinity levels. The promising rice genotypes that were tolerant at 12 dSm-1 would be taken into consideration for a hybridization program to develop a new salt-tolerant rice variety.
Pergerakan Pejuang Perempuan di Kota Makassar Pasca Kemerdekaan 1945-1960
Authors: Burhanuddin Burhanuddin , Makkelo Ilham Daeng
Published: February 2024

This research aims to explain the dynamics of the women's movement in Makassar City after the Indonesia Proclamation of Independence (1945-1960). During the physical revolution, women participated in the battlefield by involving themselves as nurses, taking care of public kitchens, and being active in the army. Once Indonesia received recognition of sovereignty, women began to form and develop various organizations that were active in the social, economic, educational, cultural, and political fields. In Makassar, female figures such as Emmy Saelan, Siti Mulyati Hasyim, Salawati Daud, and Milda Mathilda Towoliu were recognized. By 1955, some of them were actively involved in the Indonesian parliament. This research relies on historical research by tracing static archives, magazines, and newspapers of the time along with related literature. The research found that the experience during the physical revolution, followed by the regional upheaval in the 1950s, became the background for the women's ideas of unity and love for the country to involve themselves in politics in Makassar.
The association of self-compassion with depressive temperament and reading habit
Authors: Eto Masaki , Terao Takeshi , Satoh Moriaki , Kawano Nobuko , Sakai Akari , Akase Mari , Hirakawa Hirofumi , Kohno Kentaro
Published: February 2024

Self-compassion has three important components: self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness, which may help people through hardships. Few studies have reported how temperament or lifestyle habits affect self-compassion in individuals. Therefore, we explored the effects of temperament and lifestyle habits on self-compassion using a dataset of 130 apparently healthy participants. Multiple regression analyses with the stepwise method were conducted for the total Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) scores as the dependent variable, with age, sex, education, scores of five temperaments (depressive, cyclothymic, irritable, anxious, and hyperthymic), and weekly hours for four lifestyle habits (physical exercise, music listening, reading, and meditation) as independent variables. Self-compassion, measured by SCS scores, was significantly and positively associated with reading habit, and significantly and negatively associated with depressive temperament. The present findings suggest a possibility that self-compassion may be negatively associated with depressive temperament, but positively associated with reading habit. Therefore, reading habit may be one of the useful strategies for protecting mental health via self-compassion, particularly in people with depressive temperament. Nonetheless, this is a cross-sectional study and further studies are required to investigate the causal relationship.
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Nociception and Pain
Authors: Merighi Adalberto
Published: February 2024

This review article discusses the involvement of the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in the control of pain. BDNF, a neurotrophin known for its essential role in neuronal survival and plasticity, has garnered significant attention for its potential implications as a modulator of nociception and pain. This comprehensive review aims to provide insights into the multifaceted interactions between BDNF and pain pathways, encompassing both physiological and pathological pain conditions. I delve into the molecular mechanisms underlying BDNF's involvement in pain processing and discuss potential therapeutic applications of BDNF and its mimetics in managing pain. Furthermore, I highlight recent advancements and challenges in translating BDNF-related research into clinical practice.
Modified Power Law Cosmology: Theoretical Scenarios and Observational Constraints
Authors: Sharma Lokesh Kumar , Parekh Suresh , Mehta Kalyani C.K. , Khlopov Maxim Yu. , Ray Saibal , Yadav Anil Kumar
Published: February 2024

This research paper examines a cosmological model in flat space-time via $f(R,G)$ gravity where $R$ and $G$ are respectively the Ricci scalar and Gauss-Bonnet invariant. Our model assumes that $f(R,G)$ is an exponential function of $G$ combined with a linear combination of $R$. We scrutinize the observational limitations under a power law cosmology that relies on two parameters - $H_0$, the Hubble constant, and $q$, the deceleration parameter, utilizing the 57-point $H(z)$ data, 8-point BAO data, 1048-point Pantheon data, joint data of $H(z)$ + Pantheon, and joint data of $H(z)$ + BAO + Pantheon. The outcomes for $H_0$ and $q$ are realistic within observational ranges. We have also addressed Energy Conditions, $Om(z)$ analysis and cosmographical parameters like Jerk, Lerk and Snap. Our estimate of $H_0$ is remarkably consistent with various recent Planck Collaboration studies that utilize the $\Lambda$CDM model. According to our study, the power law cosmology within the context of $f(R,G)$ gravity provides the most comprehensive explanation for the important aspects of cosmic evolution.
The optical properties of 325 nm AlGaN grown by MBE
Authors: Dai Pan , Yang Wenxian , Zhu Jianjun , Lu Shulong
Published: February 2024

The influence of growth temperature on the crystalline quality and optical properties of AlGaN at 325 nm, grown using plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), was investigated. The growth temperature exhibited a significant impact on the growth mode and surface morphology. Specifically, at a growth temperature of 750 degrees Celsius, when appropriate Al and Ga flow rates were employed, the AlGaN layer exhibited exceptional surface morphology and favorable optical properties. The optical properties of the AlGaN material were explored, revealing the presence of two distinct non-radiative recombination centers characterized by different activation energies. The minority carrier lifetimes were measured as 560 ps at 10 K and 64 ps at room temperature. The underlying mechanism was analyzed from the perspective of carrier dynamics, shedding light on the observed phenomena.
The Hidden World Beneath Our Feet: Unraveling the Role of Soil Pores in the Complex Mechanisms of Soil Carbon Sequestration
Authors: Philip James Hegarty , Unimke A , Mohammed S. E. , Swafo S M , Yahaya S M , Aliyu Jamila , Turyasingura Benson
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The study investigates soil pores' impact on carbon dynamics and sequestration processes, examining their physical and chemical characteristics and their mechanisms for carbon sequestration.Research Method: Existing literature and research on soil pores, carbon dynamics, and carbon sequestration are analyzed. The interrelationships between soil pore structure, water movement, microbial activity, root penetration, carbon input, soil aggregation, and gas exchange are examined. Traditional techniques and advanced imaging methods are used to quantify and characterize soil pores.Findings: Soil pores play a critical role in facilitating carbon sequestration through various mechanisms. They affect water movement, microbial activity, root penetration, carbon input, soil aggregation, and gas exchange. Understanding these relationships is crucial for sustainable soil management.Research Limitations: This study relies on existing literature and research, which may have limitations and uncertainties. Further research is needed to address these gaps and enhance understanding.Originality Value: This research enhances the existing knowledge by comprehensively examining the significance of soil pores in carbon dynamics and sequestration. It incorporates both traditional and advanced methods, providing insights for soil management and contributing to climate change mitigation efforts.
Characteristic Metabolites and Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oils from Phlomoides rotata (Benth. ex Hook. f.) Mathiesen
Authors: Pan Zheng , Xie Chen , Luo Jie , Yan Xiao Tong , Su Yong Mei , Haq Anwar Ul , Khan Nasir Mehmood , Ahmad Shujaat , Wang Jian
Published: February 2024

Limited research has been conducted on the metabolites present in the essential oils (Es) of Phlomoides rotata (Benth. ex Hook. f.) Mathiesen (PR, syn. Lamiophlomis rotata (Benth.) Kudô), and their potential pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant and anticancer properties, are often overlooked. We conducted a metabolomics-based screening to identify the characteristic metabolites (CMs) present in the Es extracted from PR. Furthermore, we evaluated their in vitro antioxidant activities (AOAs). The Es obtained through hydro-distillation are characterized by a light yellow color and a fresh, elegant fragrance. Cryoprecipitation was used to separate the crystals (Cs) from the Es, resulting in the extraction of crystal-free essential oils (CFs). A total of 107 components belonging to 8 categories were identified and quantified in the Es, Cs, and CFs using GC-MS and GC-FID techniques. Among these components, 76 were reported for the first time in the Es of PR. The major compounds identified include long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) and their esters, such as palmitic acid (PA), myristic acid (MA), linoleic acid (LA), oleic acid (OA), and methyl palmitate. Additionally, seven C13-norisoprenoids, with trans-β-damascenone being particularly notable for its flavor, were also identified. A sum of nine CMs were identified in the Es, including PA, MA, LA, OA, methyl palmitate, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, phytol, trans-β-damascenone, and hexanal. The main metabolic pathway in the Es is the biosynthesis of FAs and terpenoids revealed by MetaboAnalyst 6.0 and KEGG analyses. Furthermore, the in vitro AOAs of the Es, Cs, CFs, and four selected CMs (PA, MA, LA, and OA) were evaluated. Generally, PA and MA exhibited pro-oxidant activities (POAs) or weak AOAs. LA and OA demonstrated POAs or weak AOAs at lower concentrations, but at higher concentrations, they displayed medium to strong AOAs. Importantly, the CFs exhibited stronger AOAs compared to the corresponding Es, which may be attributed to their different PA content. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the potential utilization of Es from PR.
Prognostic Significance of Heart Failure in Acute Pulmonary Embolism: A Comprehensive Assessment of 30-Day Outcomes
Authors: Farid-Zahran Osuna Mariam , Méndez-Bailón Manuel , Pedrajas José María , Alonso-Beato Rubén , Galeano-Valle Francisco , Sendín Martín Vanesa , Marco-Martínez Javier , Demelo-Rodríguez Pablo
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Venous thromboembolism (VTE), comprising deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a common condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. Although patients with heart failure (HF) are known to have an increased risk of PE, there is limited evidence regarding its specific impact on patients with acute PE, both in presentation and outcomes, and its relationship with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Material and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at two tertiary hospitals, including patients with symptomatic acute PE between January 2012 and December 2022. The primary objective of the study was the development of a composite outcome (mortality, major bleeding, and recurrence) within the first 30 days. The secondary objective was the development of early complications in patients with HF and reduced LVEF. Results: Out of 1991 patients included with symptomatic acute PE, 7.13% had a history of HF. Patients with HF were older and had more comorbidities. The HF group showed higher mortality (11.27% vs. 4.33%, p<0.001) and major bleeding (9.86% vs. 4.54%, p=0.005). In multivariate analysis, HF was an independent risk factor for the development of the composite outcome (HR 1.93; 95% CI: 1.35-2.76). Reduced LVEF was independently associated with a higher risk of bleeding (HR 3.44; 95% CI: 1.34-8.81). Conclusion: In patients with symptomatic acute pulmonary embolism, heart failure is independently associated with a higher risk of early complications. Additionally, heart failure with reduced LVEF is an independent risk factor for major bleeding.
Patterns of Chromosomal Instability and Clonal Heterogeneity in Luminal B Breast Cancer
Authors: Camargo-Herrera Laura Valentina , Castellanos Giovanny , Rangel Nelson , Jiménez-Tobón Guillermo Antonio , Martínez-Agüero María , Rondón-Lagos Milena
Published: February 2024

Chromosomal instability (CIN), defined by variations in the number or structure of chromosomes from cell to cell, is recognized as a distinctive characteristic of cancer, associated with the ability of tumors to adapt to challenging environments. CIN has been recognized as a source of genetic variation that leads to clonal heterogeneity (CH). Recent findings suggest a potential association between CIN and CH with the prognosis of BC patients, particularly in tumors expressing the epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2+). In fact, information on the role of CIN in other BC subtypes, including luminal B BC, is limited. Additionally, it remains unknown whether CIN in luminal B BC tumors, above a specific threshold, could have a detrimental effect on the growth of human tumors, or if low or intermediate CIN levels could be linked to a more favorable BC patient prognosis when contrasted with elevated levels. Clarifying these relationships could have a substantial impact on risk stratification and the development of future therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting CIN in BC. This study aimed to assess CIN and CH in tumor tissue samples from ten patients with luminal B BC, and compared them with established clinicopathological parameters. The results of our study show that luminal B BC patients exhibit intermediate CIN and stable aneuploidy, both of which correlated with lymphovascular invasion. These findings suggest that evaluating CIN, CH and aneuploidy could improve risk stratification, the prediction of clinical outcomes and future therapeutic approaches in luminal B BC patients.
Exploring HER2-Targeting Compounds in Breast Cancer: Insights from Molecular Docking Investigations
Authors: Ferrari Ivan Vito
Published: February 2024

This study delves into the realm of potential therapeutics for breast cancer by conducting a comprehensive docking simulation and virtual screening analysis using Autodock Vina Algorithm. The focus based on the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), a key protein associated with various cancers, particularly in the context of breast cancer.The results reveal compelling insights into the binding interactions of several natural compounds and drugs with HER2. Notably, Acebilustat, Bemcentinib, and Amentoflavone exhibit outstanding binding energies, averaging around -10 kcal/mol, suggesting strong and favorable interactions with the HER2 target.These encouraging findings not only emphasize the potential biological significance of these compounds but also hint at their potential usefulness in fighting breast cancer.Their promising binding affinities with HER2 position them as potential candidates for further investigation and development as therapeutic agents against breast cancer.
Passive Aggressive Ensemble for Online Portfolio Selection
Authors: Xie Kailin , Yin Jianfei , Yu Hengyong , Fu Hong , Chu Ying
Published: February 2024

Developing effective trend estimators is a main method to solve the online portfolio selection problem. Although the existing portfolio strategies have demonstrated good performance through the development of various trend estimators, it is still challenging to determine in advance which estimator will yield the maximum final cumulative wealth in online portfolio selection tasks. This paper studies an online ensemble approach for online portfolio selection by leveraging the strengths of multiple trend estimators. Specifically, a return-based loss function and a cross-entropy-based loss function are first designed to evaluate the adaptiveness of different trend estimators in a financial environment. On this basis, a passive aggressive ensemble model is proposed to weigh these trend estimators within a unit simplex according to their adaptiveness. Extensive experiments are conducted on benchmark datasets from various real-world stock markets to evaluate the performance. The results show that the proposed strategy achieves the state-of-the-art performance including efficiency and cumulative return.
Less Is More: Higher Skilled Sim Racers Allocate Significantly Less Attention to Track Relative to Display Features Than Lower Skilled Sim Racers
Authors: Joyce John , Campbell Mark J. , Hojaji Fazilat , Toth Adam J.
Published: February 2024

Simulated (sim) racing is an emerging esport that has garnered much interest in recent years and has been a relatively under-researched field in terms of expertise and performance. When examining expertise, visual attention has been of particular interest to researchers, with eye tracking technology commonly used to assess visual attention. In this study, we examined the visual attention allocation of high and low skilled sim racers during a time trial task using Tobii 3 glasses. Participants were allocated to either group according to their fastest lap times. Our results indicate that when eye tracking metrics were normalised to lap time, there was no difference in the relative length of attention allocation (fixation behaviour), although lower skilled racers did have significantly greater fixation counts and durations across laps overall. Interestingly, high and low skilled sim racers differed in where they allocated their attention during the task, with high skilled sim racers allocating significantly less attention to the track relative to other areas of the display. This would allow higher skilled racers to obtain relatively more information from heads-up display elements in-game, all whilst driving at faster speeds. This study provides evidence that high and low skilled sim racers show similar lap time-corrected fixation behaviour, but how they allocate attention while driving differs.
The Influence of Affective Empathy on Online News Belief: The Moderated Mediation of State Empathy and News Type
Authors: Yu Yifan , Yan Shizhen , Zhang Qihan , Xu Zhenzhen , Zhou Guangfang , Jin Hua
Published: February 2024

The belief in online news has become a hot topic. Few studies have explored the effect of empathy on belief in online news. This study investigated the relationships between trait empathy, state empathy, the belief in online news, and the potential moderating effect of the news type. 140 un-dergraduates evaluated 50 online news pieces (25 real, 25 fake) regarding their believability, state empathy, valence, arousal, and familiarity. Trait empathy data were collected using the Chinese version of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index. State empathy was positively correlated with affective empathy in trait empathy and believability, and affective empathy was positively correlated with believability. The influence of affective empathy on news belief was partially me-diated by state empathy, regulated by the news type. We discussed the influence of empathy on the belief in online news and its internal processes.
Placenta accreta: outcomes of leaving the placenta in situ
Authors:   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Davydov A.I. , Gasratova A.A. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation,   S.S.Yudin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Pashkov V.M. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Bakhtiyarov K.R. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Lebedev V.A. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Zayratyants G.O. ,   S.S.Yudin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

This article presents a clinical case of a primigravida patient with undiagnosed placenta acrreta during pregnancy and cesarean delivery, in whom part of the placenta was left in situ. During 8 months postpartum, there were no specific complaints while breastfeeding, only an episode of scanty vaginal bleeding was noted. Ultrasound examination of the uterus revealed a clinical picture difficult to interpret. A hysteroscopy (hysteroresectoscopy) was performed, during which placental invasion was diagnosed, including into the scar after cesarean section. The placental tissue had a loose, vascular-free structure and a yellow, pale-yellow color. After excision of pathological tissue, it was found that the underlying myometrium had an identical structure and color. Pathoanatomical report: structureless zones with areas of granulation and connective tissue and numerous calcifications were determined in the muscle tissue. Conclusion. Leaving the placenta in situ in placenta acrreta results in gross changes in the myometrium, which can subsequently cause both infertility and pregnancy loss, as well as spontaneous uterine rupture during pregnancy. Key words: placenta acrreta, leaving the placenta in situ, operative hysteroscopy
Preterm birth in multiple pregnancy after IVF using autologous and donor oocytes
Authors:   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Trifonova N.S. , Aleksandrov L.S. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Zhukova E.V. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Ishchenko A.I. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Lavrentyeva K.I. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Nikonov A.P. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Dudnikova I.S. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Ageev M.B. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Objective. To analyze the rate and pattern of preterm birth in multiple pregnancy after in vitro fertilization (IVF) using donor and autologous oocytes. Patients and methods. The rate of preterm birth in 213 women with a dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy was analyzed. All patients were divided into three groups: IVF-DO – 68 women who became pregnant after IVF with donor oocytes, IVF-AO – 73 women who became pregnant after IVF with autologous oocytes, and NTP – 72 women with natural twin pregnancy. The study included only those women whose pregnancy resulted in birth. Results. Most of the patients in the IVF-DO group were over 40 years of age, while the other groups were dominated by women under 35 years of age. There was no statistically significant increase in the overall rate of preterm birth in the IVF groups compared to the NTP group. However, pregnancy termination before 34 weeks’ gestation was significantly more frequent in patients in the IVF-DO group (OR = 3.28; 95% CI = 0.99–10.86). There were also significantly higher rates of pregnancy complications such as pre-eclampsia (PE) (OR = 10.42; 95% CI = 2.94–36.94), gestational hypertension (GH) (OR = 11.16; 95% CI = 3.16–39.43), intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) (OR = 4.67; 95% CI = 0.95–22.82), and placental abruption (PA) (OR = 9.47; 95% CI = 1.15–77.86) in the IVF-DO group. Conclusion. Multiple pregnancy after IVF with donor oocytes include a combination of several significant and age-independent risk factors for preterm birth. Key words: preterm birth, IVF, oocyte donation, multiple pregnancy, twins
Abnormal uterine bleeding and obesity: current paradigm
Authors:   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Moscow, Russian Federation, Radzinsky V.E. , Khamoshina M.B. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Moscow, Russian Federation, Orazov M.R. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Moscow, Russian Federation, Artemenko Yu.S. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Moscow, Russian Federation, Mullina I.A. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) remains one of the most common gynecological disorders that reduce the quality of life and reproductive potential in women. Obesity is recognized as an independent risk factor for the development of AUB associated with irregular endometrial proliferation (endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer), ovulatory dysfunction and disease recurrence. The role of obesity in the pathogenesis of AUB due to endometrial dysfunction is an interesting and understudied aspect. Chronic adipose tissue inflammation is mechanistically linked to metabolic disease and organ tissue complications in overweight and obese women. Despite its minor nature, low-grade adipose tissue inflammation negatively impacts remote organ functions, thus being a cause of obesity complications. The results of recent studies suggest that obesity creates conditions for a proinflammatory environment in the endometrium during menstrual bleeding, which may inhibit endometrial regeneration and increase the volume of menstrual blood loss. Key words: abnormal uterine bleeding, obesity, chronic latent inflammation, endometrial dysfunction, endothelial dysfunction
Role and place of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of infertility
Authors:   Medical Center “Family”, Ufa, Russian Federation, Gromenko Yu.Yu. , Gromenko I.D. ,   Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation, Galimova S.Sh. ,   Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation, Galimova E.F. ,   Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation, Gromenko D.D. ,   Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation, Bulygin K.V. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shelestova O.S. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Ryagin S.N. ,   Moscow University for Industry and Finance “Synergy”, Moscow, Russian Federation, Galimov Sh.N. ,   Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation, Yashchuk A.G. ,   Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Infertility is one of the urgent issues in reproductive medicine, and solving this issue at the molecular level has practical value for giving couples an opportunity to have a child naturally or through assisted reproductive technologies. MicroRNAs are promising biomarkers of impaired oogenesis and spermatogenesis; their altered expression levels are associated with reduced numbers and abnormal morphology of germ cells. The discovery of the role of microRNAs in epigenetic regulation and their involvement in gametogenesis has expanded the current understanding of these processes. They involve dozens of microRNA species, which have a broad spectrum of effects of different amplitude and orientation in certain types of pathospermia and pregnancy pathology, which predetermines the difficulty of interpreting the obtained results and their clinical application and implies the need to continue the scientific search. There are considerable gaps in understanding the role of specific microRNAs, their target mRNAs, proteins, and genes in the occurrence and development of gametogenesis abnormalities in couples. Deciphering their molecular genetic mechanisms may become the key to implementing new methods of diagnosis and targeted therapy of infertility. Key words: idiopathic infertility, microRNAs, oogenesis, spermatogenesis, regulation
Effect of obesity duration on its severity and risk of metabolic syndrome development
Authors:   Far Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Chebargina M.A. , Senkevich O.A. ,   Far Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Ulyanova E.A. ,   Far Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Terekhova A.O. ,   Far Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Objective. To study the structure of exogenous constitutional obesity and metabolic risk in adolescents with different disease duration. Patients and methods. Study design: retrospective, observational, analytical. Adolescents with exogenous constitutional, abdominal type of obesity aged 12 to 17 years (n = 82) who underwent inpatient examination between 2018 and 2023 were included in the study using the continuous sampling method. The structure of obesity and metabolic disorders was assessed, and the association between the degree of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and disease duration was investigated. Results. Class III obesity was diagnosed in 46.3% of adolescents, class II obesity was slightly less common (24.4% of patients), class I obesity and morbid obesity were observed with the same prevalence (14.6%). Metabolic syndrome occurred in 39.0% of cases, with impaired fasting glycemia (52.4%), hyperuricemia (53.7%) and dyslipidemia (34.2%) being frequent pathological conditions. There was a predominance of greater obesity degree in boys and a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (52.2% of boys and 22.2% of girls (p = 0.007)). It was found that disease duration was positively correlated with the degree of obesity (r = 0.350, p = 0.001), and an increase in metabolic disorders with the progression of obesity was determined (r = 0.299, p = 0.006). At the same time, comparative and correlation analysis, calculation of relative risk and odds ratio did not reveal a statistically significant association between disease duration and risk of metabolic syndrome. Conclusion. The results of this study did not reveal a significant association between metabolically unhealthy obesity and disease duration, but the correlation between disease duration and obesity degree, as well as the increase in metabolic disorders with higher body mass index were established. Key words: metabolic syndrome, obesity duration, exogenous constitutional obesity, adolescents
Retrospective study of the effectiveness of therapeutic formula in infants with cystic fibrosis complicated by meconium ileus and protein-energy malnutrition
Authors:   Bochkov Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kondratyeva E.I. ,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kyian T.A. ,   Bochkov Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation, Odinaeva N.D. ,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Objective. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of using a specialized formula “Alfare®” in infants with cystic fibrosis (CF) complicated by protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) and meconium ileus, in comparison with adapted formulas that are not therapeutic hydrolysates. Patients and methods. A retrospective analysis of primary documentation was performed in 40 infants with CF complicated by meconium ileus and PEM between 2015 and August 2023. Patients were divided into two groups: group I included 20 infants receiving a therapeutic formula “Alfare®” (since 2022 – “Alfare® Gastro”) for 6 months, group II – 20 infants receiving an adapted formula. Results. The results of the catamnestic study showed that in I group there was a decrease in the manifestation of intestinal syndrome (p = 0.03) and regurgitation after 1 month of taking the therapeutic formula "Alfare®" / "Alfare® Gastro", in 6 months regurgitation was stopped in all patients (p = 0.04). Significantly decreased manifestations of malabsorption and maldigestion syndromes. Body weight gain after 3 months in the main group and comparison group amounted to 1788.2 ± 834.8 g and 1245.3 ± 409.8 g, respectively, after 6 months. - 3461.8 ± 924.7 g and 2497.5 ± 619.2 g, respectively, it was higher (p = 0.004) in I group than in the comparison group. Conclusion. The results of the study demonstrated the benefits of using specialized therapeutic foods in infants with CF complicated by meconium ileus and PEM. The inclusion of “Alfare®” formula in the “List of specialized therapeutic food products for children with disabilities” will contribute to rapid relief of IBS symptoms and weight gain in infants with CF. Key words: protein-energy malnutrition, meconium ileus, cystic fibrosis, specialized product
Role of breast milk fat globule membrane in lipidome formation, physical and neuropsychological development of breastfed infants
Authors:   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shilina N.M. , Pyrieva E.A. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

This article presents information on human milk fat globules obtained using omics approaches. More than 420 unique lipids and 1104 types of proteins have been identified and suspended in an aqueous medium using a triple phospholipid layer membrane, the milk fat globule membrane (MFGM), which is present only in animal fat but not in vegetable oils. The structure of MFGM is dominated by proteins (xanthine oxidase, fatty acid-binding proteins, adipophilin, butyrophilin, CD36, mucin-1, lactadherin), polar lipids with high functional activities (phospholipids, gangliosides, sphingomyelin) and cholesterol. Experimental and clinical studies have established that nutrition enriched with MFGM promotes the formation of a lipidome similar to that of breastfeeding, improves brain development, cognitive, visual and neuropsychological functions. Components of MFGM may have a protective effect on the risk of cardiovascular diseases and functional digestive disorders and contribute to the programming of child health in subsequent age periods. The inclusion of MFGM-enriched ingredients in infant formulas is a new step towards their further adaptation to the composition of breast milk. Key words: infants, breastfeeding, breast milk, milk fat globule membrane
Application of human intestinal organoids in inflammatory bowel disease: from experimental model to regenerative therapy
Authors:   N.P.Bochkov Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kashirskaya N.Yu. , Khavkin A.I. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Zinchenko R.A. ,   N.P.Bochkov Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shumilov P.V. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Sitkin S.I. ,   Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation,   I.I.Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Despite advances in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), current therapies have limited efficacy and can cause serious adverse reactions, which not only reduces the quality of life but also results in shorter life expectancy for patients. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new methods of diagnosis and find more effective ways of treatment. A significant breakthrough in the study of intestinal epithelial cells in various pathologies, including IBS, has been achieved by the establishment of three-dimensional (3D) organoid cultures that in vitro recreate intestinal epithelial tissue. Organoid cultures are derived from either somatic stem cells or pluripotent stem cells. These cells, grown under appropriate conditions, self-organize into specific spherical tissue structures with the properties and functions of gastrointestinal tissues. It has been shown that intestinal organoids may be a promising tool for assessing the molecular and functional impact on the intestinal epithelium of genetic and epigenetic changes associated with the gastrointestinal tract. To objectively evaluate the functional status of the intestinal epithelium in IBD, one needs to present organoid models together with the intestinal microbiota in order to determine the specific effect of bacteria on the epithelial barrier. Intestinal organoids are also being used to explore novel strategies for both direct drug exposure to the intestinal epithelium and targeted drug delivery, including nanoparticle and microparticle-based approaches, thereby reducing the limitations of systemic treatment. Finally, organoids serve as the basis of regenerative medicine for the treatment of IBD. New treatment techniques can be applied in patients with IBD in combination with immunoregulatory therapy and contribute to the achievement of prolonged clinical remission. Key words: inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, organoid cultures, diagnosis, stem cells, regenerative medicine
Epigenetics and programming of celiac disease
Authors:   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Netrebenko O.K. , Shumilov P.V. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Global trends in the increasing prevalence of celiac disease in recent decades have raised questions about the possible mechanisms underlying the development of this disease. Genetic markers of predisposition to celiac disease, particularly HLADQ2/8, are well known. These haplotypes are detected in about 40% of the population, but celiac disease develops in 1–2% of people who are genetically predisposed. The presence of genetic predisposition and the consumption of gluten-containing foods are not enough to develop the disease. Co-factors may include impaired intestinal barrier function, pro-inflammatory immune response to gluten, and microbiome imbalance. Possible predisposing factors are epigenetic mechanisms: methylation and acetylation of DNA and histone, as well as microRNAs, which are associated with dietary patterns and act antenatally and throughout life. Understanding these factors is important for proper treatment tactics and disease prevention. Key words: celiac disease, genetics, epigenetics, nutrition, microbiota, inflammation
Gender-related characteristics of bioelement status in Siberian adolescents with obesity
Authors:   Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Lesnaya A.S. , Darenskaya M.A. ,   Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Rychkova L.V. ,   Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Semenova N.V. ,   Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Nikitina O.A. ,   Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Grebenkina L.A. ,   Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Kravtsova O.V. ,   Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Prokhorova Zh.V. ,   Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Kolesnikova L.I. ,   Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Objective. To identify the gender-related characteristics of bioelement status in Siberian adolescents with obesity. Patients and methods. The study included 240 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years living in the Siberian Region, predominantly in Irkutsk. The adolescents participating in the study were divided into groups with exogenous constitutional obesity (23 boys and 99 girls) and control groups with normal body weight (34 boys and 84 girls). Adolescents in the study and control groups were comparable in terms of age and presence of comorbidities. Parameters of bioelement homeostasis were determined by serum biochemistry and included the measurement of potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, chlorine, copper, zinc, and iron. Results. The analysis revealed the following serum values in Siberian adolescents relative to the reference range: in boys, the levels of magnesium were elevated by 3.65%, zinc – by 3.83%, phosphorus concentrations were decreased by 1.57%; in girls, the content of sodium was elevated by 0.27%, magnesium – by 7.31%, zinc – by 11.73%, calcium concentrations were decreased by 0.86%. In the presence of obesity, boys demonstrated an increase in phosphorus concentrations (p = 0.0001), while girls showed mixed bioelementosis in the form of elevated phosphorus concentrations (p = 0.001), decreased zinc (p = 0.039) and iron (p = 0.043). Gender-related differences in obese adolescents included higher potassium levels in males (p = 0.033). Conclusion. The prevention and correction of bioelement homeostatic disorders in the presence of obesity in Siberian adolescents requires a gender-differentiated approach. Key words: bioelements, gender differences, obesity, nutrition, adolescents