bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La vidéoformation pour la conceptualisation de l’action pour la sécurité en chantier pédagogique en forêt
Authors: Veyrac Hélène , Lipp Amélie
Published: March 2024

Former aux techniques forestières, comme abattre un arbre avec outils à main à un groupe d’apprenants, est un travail qui présente un niveau de risque d’accident grave très élevé. Ce niveau de risque justifie la conception d’un dispositif de formation pour les enseignants-formateurs amenés à conduire des chantiers à visée pédagogique. Ce dispositif s’appuie sur la didactique professionnelle et des outils de vidéoformation. Il permet de mieux comprendre comment peuvent s’articuler l’analyse du travail et les objectifs d’aide à la conceptualisation de l’action. Premièrement, par la mise en scène des concepts issus d’une analyse du travail menée en amont avec des professionnels par une instruction au sosie. Deuxièmement par une situation de travail à fort potentiel d’apprentissage, jouée, simulée en forêt, puis mise en scène sous forme de vidéo interactive, intégrant des conceptualisations de l’action identifiées par la littérature en sciences de l’éducation et de la formation.
Le travail avec les tout-petits à l’aune d’enjeux socio-politiques
Authors: Ulmann Anne-Lise , Odena Sophie , Revaillot Chantal , Olry Paul , Lagarde Corinne
Published: March 2024

Cet article évoque le rapport entre les règles morales du travail et la « super-diversité » des enfants accueillis. Il présente la manière dont les professionnelles exerçant en crèche recourent à des catégories pour appréhender ou caractériser individuellement et collectivement les enfants dont elles s’occupent, ainsi que les collègues avec qui elles travaillent. À travers l’exemple des repas (en crèche ou chez une Nounou), l’analyse montre une mise en tension, par les différents usages de ces catégories par les professionnelles, de l’identité de métier, de la façon d’affirmer ses compétences et valeurs, une manière de se distinguer. Trois aspects analytiques sont abordés à partir de l’observation des interactions entre elles et avec les enfants : la place du genre dans les catégorisations, les rapports singuliers à la diversité des enfants, le rapport aux politiques publiques déclinées sur le site. En révélant leurs dimensions fonctionnelles pour l’action, ces catégories permettent de saisir les intrications des différentes dimensions du travail, depuis les tâches à faire jusqu’aux enjeux sociaux de l’accueil des enfants.
Retour sur le colloque « Abd el-Krim et la république du Rif » de 1973
Authors: Rivet Daniel
Published: March 2024

Cet article se propose de revenir sur le colloque international organisé à Paris en 1973 pour en faire ressortir les apports sur la compréhension du mouvement rifain. Son objectif est également de montrer comment les intervenants du colloque étaient eux-mêmes les témoins et les acteurs d’un temps, celui de la décolonisation et des luttes anti-impérialistes, bien différent du nôtre dans la manière de poser des questions au passé colonial.
Chronique d’un impérialisme feutré
Authors: Déloye Yves
Published: March 2024

L’enquête menée entend contribuer à une histoire sociale de la science politique française au travers d’un cycle de formation doctorale : celui mis en place par la Fondation nationale des sciences politiques (FNSP) à l’Institut d’études politiques (IEP) de Paris au milieu des années 1950 sous le nom de « cycle supérieur d’études politiques ». La création de ce cycle, comme les choix pédagogiques qui y sont associés, permet de retracer les conflits institutionnels qui existent à cette époque entre la FNSP, née en 1945, et le monde des facultés de droit (notoirement celle de Paris) qui entendent revendiquer alors le monopole de l’enseignement de la science politique en France.
La reconnaissance internationale du génocide des Arméniens
Authors: Adjemian Boris , Zarifian Julien
Published: March 2024

Comment expliquer que la question de la reconnaissance du génocide des Arméniens de 1915-1916 constitue un enjeu de nos jours ? Que nous dit-elle des sensibilités contemporaines à l’événement ? Cet article retrace la politisation progressive de la mémoire du génocide arménien confrontée au négationnisme turc dans la seconde moitié du 20 e siècle. Il montre l’internationalisation de cette question des années 1990-2000 au centenaire de 2015. En raison de l’importance des communautés arméniennes qu’ils abritent et de la place qu’y occupent les questions mémorielles dans la vie publique, les cas de la France et des États-Unis sont particulièrement révélateurs des dynamiques de la reconnaissance et de ses enjeux politiques internes.
Control techniques of switched reluctance motors in electric vehicle applications: A review on torque ripple reduction strategies
Authors: Saleh Ameer L. , Al-Amyal Fahad , Számel László
Published: March 2024

As electric vehicles (EVs) continue to acquire prominence in the transportation industry, improving the outcomes and efficiency of their propulsion systems is becoming increasingly critical. Switched Reluctance Motors (SRMs) have become a compelling option for EV applications due to their simplicity, magnet-free design, robustness, and cost-effectiveness, making them an attractive choice for the growing EV market. Despite all these features and compared to other electrical machines, SRMs suffer from some restrictions, such as torque ripple and audible noise generation, stemming from their markedly nonlinear characteristics, which affect their productivity and efficiency. Therefore, to address these problems, especially the torque ripple, it is crucial and challenging to enhance the performance of the SRM drive system. This paper proposed a comprehensive review of torque ripple minimization strategies of SRMs in EV applications. It covered a detailed overview and categorized and compared many strategies, including two general categories of torque ripple mitigation encompassing optimization design topologies and control strategy developments. Then, focused on control strategy improvements and divided them into torque and current control strategies, including the sub-sections. In addition, the research also provided an overview of SRM fundamental operations, converter topologies, and excitation angle approaches. Last, a comparison between each method in torque control and current control strategies was listed, including the adopted method, features, and drawbacks.
On double cyclic codes over $ \mathbb{Z}_2+u\mathbb{Z}_2 $
Authors: Aydogdu Ismail
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we introduced double cyclic codes over $ R^r\times R^s $, where $ R = \mathbb{Z}_{2}+u\mathbb{Z}_{2} = \{0, 1, u, 1+u\} $ is the ring with four elements and $ u^2 = 0 $. We first determined the generator polynomials of $ R $-double cyclic codes for odd integers $ r $ and $ s $, then gave the generators of duals of free double cyclic codes over $ R^r\times R^s $. By defining a linear Gray map, we looked at the binary images of $ R $-double cyclic codes and gave several examples of optimal parameter binary linear codes obtained from $ R $-double cyclic codes. Moreover, we studied self-dual $ R $-double cyclic codes and presented an example of a self-dual $ R $-double cyclic code.
Participación y coautoría femenina en la literatura peninsular a finales de la Edad Media: una propuesta de identificación para la destinataria y el autor del Vençimiento del mundo
Authors: Jiménez Moreno Arturo
Published: March 2024

El presente trabajo se basa en la influencia mutua entre los autores de la literatura en lengua vernácula –especialmente religiosa– y un público lector femenino, que va acelerando su emergencia en los distintos reinos de la Península Ibérica a lo largo del siglo xv. A falta de un estudio de conjunto sobre la lectura femenina en el ámbito peninsular, se proponen tres casos de cómo una determinada mujer, un grupo de mujeres solas o de mujeres y hombres, como lectores y receptores de una obra, pueden condicionar su propia gestación, la elección de contenidos o la adopción de un determinado estilo por parte de sus autores. Partiendo de este planteamiento, el trabajo se propone como objetivo desvelar la identidad de la destinataria y del autor del tratado intitulado Vençimiento del mundo que hasta ahora no se ha concretado a pesar de que sus nombres aparecen en el encabezamiento de la única copia manuscrita conservada. Así, se propone como destinataria a doña Leonor Ayala, que fue una de las hijas del Ir conde de Fuensalida, Pedro López de Ayala II, y de María de Silva. Y se apunta como posible autor a Alfonso Núñez, deán de la Colegiata de Talavera de la Reina, que ejerció el cargo de provisor y vicario general con el obispo de Zamora, el también talaverano Juan de Meneses. Por último, la interacción entre el autor y la lectora en el Vençimiento se concreta en el propósito de Alfonso Núñez de legitimar el reinado de Isabel de Castilla ante la representante de una de las familias toledanas más poderosas que se opusieron al poder monárquico.
Parenting strategies: applying basic psychological needs to children at risk of Internet Gaming Disorder in Indonesia
Authors: Hidaayah Nur , Yunitasari Esti , Nihayati Hanik Endang , Khamida Khamida , Sari Ratna Yunita
Published: March 2024

Every parent desires their child to engage in both play and learning. Often, parents find themselves attributing any challenges to perceived shortcomings in their parenting and struggle to leverage digital media effectively. This research endeavors to examine the fundamental psychological needs - autonomy, competence, and relationship - in relation to parenting strategies for children vulnerable to Internet Gaming Disorder. Employing an analytical cross-sectional design, the study focused on parents with children aged 8 to 12 years in Gresik City, East Java, Indonesia. A purposive sample of 125 participants was selected. The research employed the satisfaction and frustration of the Basic Psychological Needs (BPN) questionnaire along with a parenting strategy scale. Descriptive statistical tests and multiple linear regression were utilized to analyze the BPN and parenting strategies. Simultaneously, BPN significantly influenced parental strategies (p=0.026, which is ≤0.05). In terms of effective contributions, autonomy, competence, and relationship collectively accounted for 7.3%, with individual effects of 1.82%, 5.56%, and 0.04%, respectively. Parents whose BPN were fulfilled exhibited effective parenting strategies, reducing the risk of Internet Gaming Disorder. Consequently, there is a crucial role for nurses and healthcare professionals in educating parents about preventing Internet Gaming Disorder in children.
Developing Nations and Developing Surveys: Measuring Inner Wellbeing in Zambia and India, 2010-2013
Authors: Gaines Stanley , White Sarah
Published: March 2024

In the present chapter, we summarize the results of a programme of research that we have undertaken concerning domains of inner wellbeing (i.e., individuals’ feelings and thoughts about what they can do and be) as experienced by individuals in villages within two nations in the global South (i.e., Zambia and India). Results of confirmatory factor analyses for Zambia at Time 1 (in 2010, n = 361) and for India at Time 1 (in 2011, n = 287) indicated that, although we had expected seven to eight intercorrelated domains to emerge, inner wellbeing was best regarded as a unidimensional construct. However, after we engaged in intensive reflection and extensive reconceptualization and measurement of inner wellbeing, results for Zambia Time 2 (in 2012, n = 344) and for India Time 2 (in 2013, n = 335) indicated that inner wellbeing was best regarded as a multidimensional construct with seven intercorrelated domains (i.e., economic confidence, agency/participation, social connections, close relationships, physical/mental health, competence/selfworth, and values/meaning). Implications for the conceptualization and measurement of inner wellbeing within the global South, and for theoretical and methodological issues concerning wellbeing in general, are discussed.
Patients’ experiences with methylcobalamin injections in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Zubair Adeel S. , Saab Lea , Scharer Kirsten , Khokhar Babar
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive motor neuron disease with no definitive treatment. Vitamin B12 is not a Food and Drug Administration-approved treatment in the United States, although it has been prescribed off-label as ultra-high-dose methylcobalamin, which has been shown to be safe and effective in slowing functional decline in patients with ALS. This study evaluates the impact of Vitamin B12 injections on the quality of life of five patients.

METHODS:

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the patients and caregivers. The data was carefully read, coded, and organized into themes and sub-themes by two independent researchers.

RESULTS:

The study found four themes and 11 subthemes from the data, including initial circumstances, administration of the injection, subjective experience with Vitamin B12, and outcomes and expectations. All participants recognized some benefits from Vitamin B12 injections, specifically increased energy, reduced fatigue, and improved balance. However, some patients had difficulty monitoring its specific effect due to the progressive nature of the disease.

DISCUSSION:

The flexibility offered by this intervention is beneficial for patients with declining mobility and strength who wish to adapt their treatment to their schedule. This work is a modest call to fill the existing gap in the literature and push for more randomized controlled trials investigating and clarifying the effects of Vitamin B12 injections on disease progression, muscle function, and quality of life in a small but diverse pool of patients with ALS.
Risk factors for intraprocedural hypoxemia in patients with acute cerebral ischemia treated with vascular intervention and its impact on prognosis: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gu Zhiwei , Yin Aiqin , Lu Li , Lu Yi , Jiang Bei , Yin Limin
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:

Acute cerebral infarction (ACI) is one of the most common ischemic cerebrovascular diseases in neurology, with high morbidity, mortality, and disability. Early thrombolytic treatment of ACI has significant efficacy, but intraprocedural complications of hypoxemia can significantly reduce the efficacy. This study aims to analyze the risk factors for intraprocedural hypoxemia in patients with ACI, so as to take effective measures in advance to reduce the likelihood of adverse patient outcomes.

METHODS:

We retrospectively analyzed a total of 238 patients with ACI treated with vascular interventions from May 2017 to May 2022. To assess and collate the patients’ characteristics, factors associated with the development of intraprocedural hypoxemia. The independent risk factors for the development of intraprocedural hypoxemia were analyzed by binary logistic regression.

RESULTS:

A total of 238 patients were included in this study. Of these, intraprocedural hypoxemia occurred in 89 (37.4%). The results showed that old age (odds ratio [OR] = 2.666, P = 0.009), obesity (OR = 3.029, P = 0.003), smoking history (OR = 2.655, P = 0.010), preoperative oxygen saturation (SpO2) (OR = 0.001, P = 0.042), preoperative C-reactive protein (OR = 1.216, P = 0.002), and time from puncture to vascular recanalization (OR = 1.135, P = 0.000) were independent risk factors for intraprocedural hypoxemia in patients. The prognosis of the patients was assessed according to the modified Rankin scale, and the prognosis of the nonhypoxemia group was significantly better than that of the hypoxemia group. Regression analysis showed that intraprocedural hypoxemia (OR = 0.360, P = 0.001), postoperative lower extremity vein thrombosis (OR = 0.187, P = 0.018), hydrocephalus (OR = 0.069, P = 0.015), intracranial hemorrhage (OR = 0.116, P = 0.002), and reocclusion (OR = 0.217, P = 0.036) were independent risk factors for poor prognosis.

CONCLUSIONS:

Currently, intravascular hypoxemia in patients with ACI has a serious impact on prognosis. Clinical work should attach great importance to the clinical characteristics of patients, identify relevant risk factors, and aggressively take personalized therapeutic actions to improve patients’ prognosis.
Endogenous defense mechanism-based neuroprotection in large-vessel acute ischemic stroke: A hope for future
Authors: Goel Deepak , Shangari Sushant , Mittal Manish , Bhat Ashwani
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:

Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and a leading cause of disability. None of the neuroprotective agents have been approved internationally except edaravone in Japanese guidelines in acute ischemic stroke. We here discuss that there are two types of endogenous defense mechanisms (EDMs) after acute stroke for neuromodulation and neuroregeneration, and if both can be activated simultaneously, then we can have better recovery in stroke.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

We aimed to study the effect of combination of neuroprotection therapies acting on the two wings of EDM in acute large-vessel middle cerebral artery (LMCA) ischemic stroke.

METHODS:

Sixty patients of LMCA stroke were enrolled and randomized within 72 h into two groups of 30 patients each. The control group received standard medical care without any neuroprotective agents while the intervention group received standard medical care combined with oral citicoline with vinpocetine for 3 months with initial 1 week intravenous and edaravone and cerebrolysin injection, started within 72 h of onset of stroke. Patients were assessed on the basis of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, Fugl-Meyer Assessment Score, Glasgow Coma Scale, and Mini-Mental Status Examination at admission, discharge, and after 90 days.

RESULTS:

The intervention group showed significant and early improvements in motor as well as cognitive recovery.

CONCLUSION:

Combination therapy for neuroprotection which is acting on two pathways of EDM can be useful in functional recovery after acute ischemic stroke.
Featured minimally invasive therapeutic approach for chronic subdural hematoma: Embolization of middle meningeal artery - A narrative review
Authors: Dinc Rasit
Published: March 2024

Chronic subdural hematoma (c-SDH) is a frequent and serious neurological disease. It develops due to hemorrhage to the subdural space, mainly caused by head trauma. The middle meningeal artery (MMA) plays a critical role in the supply of blood to c-SDH. The decision on the type of treatment for c-SDH depends mainly on clinical and imaging evaluation. In cases in which patients are critically ill, the hematoma must be evacuated immediately. For this purpose, surgery is generally accepted as the mainstay of treatment. Among surgical techniques, twist-drill craniotomy, burr-hole craniotomy, and craniotomy are the three most used. The recurrence rate of c-SDH after surgery is an important problem with a rate of up to 30%. The technical success classification embolization of MMA (EMMA) has emerged as an effective and safe option for the treatment of c-SDH, especially those that recur. EMMA is commonly used as an adjunct to surgery or less frequently alone. The technical success of EMMA has been a promising minimal invasive strategy as an alternative or adjunctive therapy to surgical methods. Polyvinyl alcohol is the most widely used among various embolizing agents, including n-butyl cyanoacrylate, coil, and gelatin sponge. EMMA has been shown to prevent the formation or recurrence of c-SDH by eliminating blood flow to the subdural space. Complication rates are low. The large-scale comparative prospective will ensure efficacy and safety. This article aims to highlight the current information about EMMA in patients with c-SDH.
Periprocedural management of patients presenting for neurointerventional procedures using flow diverters for complex intracranial aneurysms: An anesthetist’s perspective - A narrative review
Authors: Sree Anjane , Hrishi Ajay Prasad , Praveen Ranganatha , Sethuraman Manikandan
Published: March 2024

Complex intracranial aneurysms pose significant challenges in the realm of neurointervention, necessitating meticulous planning and execution. This article highlights the crucial roles played by anesthetists in these procedures, including patient assessment, anesthesia planning, and continuous monitoring and maintaining hemodynamic stability, which are pivotal in optimizing patient safety. Understanding these complex procedures and their complications will aid the anesthetist in delivering optimal care and in foreseeing and managing the potential associated complications. The anesthetist’s responsibility extends beyond the procedure itself to postprocedure care, ensuring a smooth transition to the recovery phase. Successful periprocedural anesthetic management in flow diverter interventions for complex intracranial aneurysms hinges on carefully orchestrating these elements. Moreover, effective communication and collaboration with the interventional neuroradiologist and the procedural team are emphasized, as they contribute significantly to procedural success. This article underscores the essential requirement for a multidisciplinary team approach when managing patients undergoing neurointerventions. In this collaborative framework, the expertise of the anesthetist harmoniously complements the skills and knowledge of other team members, contributing to the overall success and safety of these procedures. By providing a high level of care throughout the periprocedural period, anesthetists play a pivotal role in enhancing patient outcomes and minimizing the risks associated with these intricate procedures. In conclusion, the periprocedural anesthetic management of neurointervention using flow diverters for complex intracranial aneurysms is a multifaceted process that requires expertise, communication, and collaboration.
Compromised dynamic cerebral autoregulation is a hemodynamic marker for predicting poor prognosis even with good recanalization after endovascular thrombectomy
Authors: Ran Liu , Wang Pingping , Chen Hongxiu , Li Na , Zhou Fubo , Zhao Wenbo , Ma Qingfeng , Xing Yingqi
Published: March 2024

PURPOSE:

In patients undergoing endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA) may minimize neurological injury from blood pressure fluctuations. This study set out to investigate the function of dCA in predicting clinical outcomes following EVT.

METHODS:

43 AIS of the middle cerebral or internal carotid artery patients underwent with EVT, and 43 healthy individuals (controls) were enrolled in this case control research. The dCA was evaluated using transcranial Doppler 12 h and five days after EVT. The transfer function analysis was used to derive the dCA parameters, such as phase, gain, and coherence. The modified Rankin scale (mRS) at 3 months after EVT was used to assess the clinical outcomes. Thefavorable outcome group was defined with mRS ≤2 and the unfavorable outcome group was defined with mRS score of 3–6. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the risk factors of clinical outcomes.

RESULTS:

A significant impairment in dCA was observed on the ipsilateral side after EVT, particularly in patients with unfavorable outcomes. After 5 days, the ipsilateral phase was associated with poor functional outcomes (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.911, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.854–0.972; P = 0.005) and the area under the curve (AUC) (AUC, 0.878, [95% CI: 0.756–1.000] P < 0.001) (optimal cutoff, 35.0°). Phase change was an independent predictor of clinical outcomes from 12 h to 5 days after EVT (adjusted OR = 1.061, 95% CI: 1.016–1.109, P = 0.008).

CONCLUSIONS:

dCA is impaired in patients with AIS after EVT. Change in dCA could be an independent factor related to the clinical outcomes.
Impacts of futile reperfusion and reperfusion injury in acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Elmadhoun Ahmed , Wang Hongrui , Ding Yuchuan
Published: March 2024

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains to be a challenging cerebrovascular disease. The mainstay of AIS management is endovascular reperfusion therapy, including thrombectomy and thrombolysis. However, ineffective (futile) reperfusion (FR) or reperfusion injury (RI) can be seen in a significant number of patients undergoing reperfusion strategy. In this article, we discuss two clinically relevant concepts known as “time window” and “tissue window” that can impact the clinical outcome of reperfusion therapy. We also explore patient risk factors, leading to FR and RI as well as an emerging concept of “no-reflow phenomenon” seen in ineffective reperfusion. These fundamental concepts provide insight into the clinical management of AIS patients and provide references for future research.
Different techniques for identification of facial nerve during superficial parotidectomy
Authors: Kamel Peter Victor , Ahmed Ahmed Saad , Imam Usama Saeed , Ahmed Ahmed Safaa , El Prince Sayed Sherif
Published: March 2024

Background

Parotidectomy is a common surgical procedure for the treatment of benign and malignant lesions of the parotid gland. Identification of the facial nerve trunk is essential during surgery of the parotid gland to avoid facial nerve injury. A comprehensive knowledge of its anatomy and meticulous dissection are the keys for the identification of the facial nerve trunk and its branches.

Aim

To compare between the traditional antegrade parotidectomy and retrograde in identification of facial nerve during superficial parotidectomy, determination the best anatomical landmark, the time of exploration of facial nerve, outcomes, facial nerve complication, duration of surgery, patient satisfaction as well as other complications.

Methods

Twelve patients who were diagnosed with having parotid gland neoplasms, and had undergone superficial Parotidectomy were recruited and assessed for eligibility at General Surgery Department, Beni-Suef University Hospital. Patients were divided according to the surgical technique into two equal groups, group A (the antegrade dissection group), and group B (the retrograde dissection group), follow-up was 6 months.

Results

There was no statistically significant differences between both groups regarding pain, paresthesia and pathology postoperation (Pvalue>0.05). Longer mean operation time was observed in the antegrade dissection group in comparison with the retrograde dissection group (2.06±0.75 and 1.61±0.31 h, respectively), which was statistically insignificant (Pvalue>0.05). There was a statistically significant increase in facial nerve injury among patients in the antegrade dissection group in comparison with the retrograde dissection group (Pvalue=0.046). There was no statistically significant difference between techniques regarding hospital stay duration and complications three months postoperation (Pvalue>0.05).

Conclusion

Retrograde facial nerve dissection technique is better than the classical antegrade technique in the superficial parotidectomy within this study.
Unexpected sacrococcygeal teratoma diagnosed after birth in a term newborn
Authors: Porta Alessandro , Parente Giovanni , Bellini Marta , Piro Eugenia , Lizzoli Francesca , D’Alessio Antonio , Cheli Maurizio , Fiocchi Stefano
Published: March 2024

Though rare, tumors in newborns are estimated with an incidence of 1 in every 12,500 to 27,500 live births, and they can become a complicated and significant problem for every neonatal unit, particularly in the absence of prenatal diagnosis. In this case report, we describe a patient with an unexpected sacrococcygeal teratoma, suspected on the first day after birth due to a gluteal asymmetry, investigated with ultrasound in a neonatal department and deepened with magnetic resonance, and finally referred to neonatal surgery consultants with final positive outcome.
Applications of artificial intelligence in predicting the risk of child abuse: A literature review
Authors: Alkhattabi Fadiah , Alhuthil Raghad , Al Khatib Hassan
Published: March 2024

Child abuse is a major problem in most of the developing and developed countries. Medical practitioners and law enforcement authorities have often tried to tackle the problem using several conventional approaches. Nevertheless, there are other modern methods to screen, detect, and predict child abuse using artificial intelligence (AI). Therefore, this article aimed to critically review the currently available AI tools including data mining, computer-aided drawing systems, self-drawing tools, and neural networks used in child abuse screening.
Evaluation of the Results of Reconstruction of Medial Patellofemoral Ligament in the Treatment of Recurrent Patellar Instability Using Hamstring Autograft by Dual Patella Docking Technique
Authors: Bayomy ElSayed Mahmoud , Atallah Ahmed Taha , Al-Ashhab Mohamed Ebrahim , Aeltraigy Shareef Abd Elmoneim
Published: March 2024

Background:

Recurrent patellar instability can significantly affect a patient’s life quality. This study evaluated the results of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction in the recurrent patellar instability treatment using hamstring autograft by dual patellar docking technique.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective study was performed on 20 recurrent patellar instability patients. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scans were performed to confirm MPFL tear and assess the tibial tubercle-trochlear groove distance. Various clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed preoperatively. The surgical technique involved diagnostic arthroscopy, graft preparation, patellar preparation, graft passage, femoral tunnel preparation, and graft fixation.

Results:

Postoperatively, a substantial progression was observed in the International Knee Documentation Committee score, Kujala score, Cincinnati score, and Lysholm score compared to preoperative values (P < 0.001). In addition, the postoperative measurements of patellar tilt angle and patellar congruence angle were significantly lower than their respective preoperative values (P < 0.001). All 20 (100%) patients had negative findings in the postapprehension test, indicating improved stability. In the postcompression test, 3 (15%) patients showed positive results, whereas 17 (85%) patients had negative results. In terms of complications, 2 (10%) patients experienced patellofemoral pain, 1 (5%) patient had residual patellar translation without dislocation, 1 (5%) patient had limited flexion, and the majority of patients (16, 80%) had no complications.

Conclusions:

MPFL reconstruction with patellar docking yielded good results with Kujala and Lysholm, as well as adequate, satisfactory congruence angles for most patients. This procedure has exhibited a high success rate in addressing patellofemoral instability.
Genu Recurvatum in Total Knee Arthorplasty: A Review
Authors: Gaitán-Lee Hernando , Correa Willy Paul Stangl , Herrera Willy Paul Stangl , Villegas Julio Cesar Palacio , Nalus Felipe Guzmán , Gaitán-Duarte Hernando
Published: March 2024

Genu recurvatum is a rare knee deformity that can be linked with osteoarthritis. The main causes of this deformity include neuromuscular disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, inverted tibial slope, or conditions associated with coronal deformities such as genu valgum. In cases of end-stage knee osteoarthritis, total knee arthroplasty is the indicated management to reduce pain and improve functionality and quality of life. Genu recurvatum is associated with an imbalance in the flexion and extension gaps, which is why it is necessary to have important considerations in the preoperative evaluation, implant selection, and surgical technique. We conducted a review in electronic databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, and LILACS from 1990 to June 28, 2023. Two authors independently reviewed the titles and abstracts to identify studies that met the inclusion criteria. Thirty-four literature sources were included to address our inquiries. Results are presented in a narrative format, focusing on the design and study population for each specific research question. Genu recurvatum is a rare knee deformity which needs special considerations. Accurate assessment of the deformity magnitude and quadriceps weakness is crucial during the preoperative evaluation. The choice of implant should be tailored to the individual patient’s characteristics. Surgical technique plays a critical role in achieving soft tissue and gap balance. Literature highlights an increased incidence of complications associated with this deformity, particularly in cases of poliomyelitis. Navigation and robotics offer promising alternatives to enhance surgical precision and appear to show a lower recurrence rate.
Scimitar Syndrome with Acquired Cardiac Disease: A Once-in-a-blue-moon Occurrence
Authors: Tammiraju Iragavarapu , Bhupathi Meghana
Published: March 2024

Scimitar syndrome (SS) is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by various abnormalities observed in both children and adults, primarily involving partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage from the right lung to the inferior vena cava and right lung hypoplasia. It is also known by alternative names such as congenital venolobar syndrome, Halasz syndrome, mirror-image lung syndrome, hypogenetic lung syndrome, and vena cava bronchovascular syndrome. The clinical presentation of this syndrome varies widely, ranging from asymptomatic cases to severe forms. Surgical intervention is typically required for severe cases, and the diagnosis relies predominantly on imaging studies. We present two instances of SS: one involving a patient with underlying rheumatic heart disease scheduled for valve replacement surgery and the other as an incidental finding in an asymptomatic individual, managed through medical means.
The Effect of Obesity on Severity of Asthma: An Observational Prospective Study from Pakistan
Authors: Shahid Sara , Alqahtani Saad S. , Bajwa Mishal , Rashid Mahnoor , Sana Anosh , Bajwa Amna , Ali Abdul N. , Ariffin Ahmad K. , Mahmood Mahgull , Ahmed Fahad , Mustafa Muhammad Abid
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:

The current research study aimed to access the relationship between obesity and asthma exacerbations and severity among adult patients at the outpatient section of a federal hospital (PIMS) in Islamabad, Pakistan.

Methods:

A cross-sectional research study was carried out on 207 asthma adult patients belonging to different areas and ethnic groups from the country. The study setting was the PIMS hospital, which attracts patients from all over the country due to its facilities and cost-effective treatments. The body mass index (BMI) of asthma patients was calculated using the heights and weights of the study subjects. However, the pulmonary functions were calculated using a computerized spirometer i-e Spirolab III S/N 303681 in line with Winspiro PRO 7.1.version software. It presents the patient’s forced vital capacity that expires in the first second of expiration to full (FEV1) in comparison to forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio, that is, Tiffeneau–Pinelli index was also recorded to determine the asthma severity.

Results:

According to recent surveys, the overall prevalence of patients with overweight and obesity was 29.0% and 23.7%, respectively. A Chi-square test was used, and a statistically significant relationship was observed between BMI and asthma severity (P
< 0.001). The adult obese female patients presented poor pulmonary functions. The average FEV1/FVC ratio presented significant variance among four different categories of BMI with P < 0.05. This difference was due to the normal BMI category as the Tiffeneau–Pinelli index, that is, FEV1/FVC in the normal BMI group was significantly lower as compared to that in underweight and obese patients.

Conclusion:

The study subjects presented raised asthma severity in accordance with the raised BMI. Obese patients presented comparatively raised asthma exacerbations. Moreover, a statistically significant association of gender difference was observed between obesity and asthma severity. It was concluded that adult asthmatic women with obesity presented raised asthma severity as compared to adult asthmatic males.
A Cross-sectional Survey-based Study of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Towards Uses of Cosmetics and Cosmetovigilance in India
Authors: Siddiqui Almass , Ali Nida , Pandey Arushi , Ali Mohammad Daud , Haider Nafis , Khan Mohammed Zaafar , Iqbal Zeenat , Mirza Mohd. Aamir , Alharthi Sitah , Ansari Md Salahuddin , Mustafa Gulam , Ahmad Sarfaraz
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

In India, the cosmetics industry has expanded significantly because of changing lifestyles and increased awareness. In terms of earning the most money from the personal care and cosmetics industry in 2021, India is ranked fourth globally. Many cosmetics sold in India include ingredients that cannot be used on humans.

Objective:

To assess knowledge, attitudes, and practice toward the uses of cosmetics and cosmetovigilance in India.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted, from April to May 2022, among the general population living in the Delhi NCR region, India. Study questionnaires (printed and survey link) were distributed in public as well as at workplaces for the survey.

Results:

Around 268 (54.78%) females and 223 (45.21%) males participated in the survey. Amongst the total respondents - 407 (83%) agreed that they are using cosmetic products on a daily basis, females 229 (85.44%), being the majority users compared to males 178 (80%), with a significant P value = 0.011. Most of the people reported side effects of shampoos - 7.13% (hair fall, hair thinning, dryness of the scalp, itching), followed by allergic reactions to moisturizers - 5.70%.

Conclusion:

Because of the right safety and effectiveness mentorship of cosmetics, regulatory agencies and stakeholders should adopt this broadly. Cosmetovigilance needs to be put into practice.
Validation of R/S-Warfarin Analysis Method in Human Blood Plasma Using HPLC with Fluorescence Detection and its Application to Patient Samples
Authors: Putriana Norisca Aliza , Rusdiana Taofik , Rostinawati Tina , Nurfuadah Ilma
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:

Warfarin is extensively used for venous thromboembolism and other coagulopathies. In clinical settings, warfarin is administered as a mixture of S-warfarin and R-warfarin, and both enantiomers are metabolized by multiple cytochrome P450 enzymes into many hydroxylation metabolites. Validation of analysis method and estimation of warfarin plasma levels are important, especially in narrow-index drugs such as warfarin.

Aims:

This study aimed to obtain a validated method for analyzing warfarin in patient plasma according to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) guidelines.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 77 patients were enrolled in this study. Five millimeters of venous blood was collected using sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes for pharmacokinetic analysis. Samples were prepared by the protein precipitation technique using acetonitrile. The optimum conditions for the analysis of warfarin in human plasma were tested using fluorescence detector (FLD) high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with Chiralcel OD-RH column (4.6 × 150 mm i.d., 5 μm), Chiralcel OD-RH guard column (4.0 × 10 mm, 5 μm), and a column temperature of 45°C. The mobile phase used was acetonitrile: phosphate buffer pH 2 (40:60), with an isocratic flow rate of 1 ml/min and an injection volume of 20 μl. Excitation and emission wavelengths were 310 and 350 nm (warfarin) and 300 and 400 nm (griseofulvin). The retention time of griseofulvin was 6–7.5 minutes; R-warfarin was 10–11.5 minutes; and S-warfarin was 14–16 minutes.

Results:

The result of this validation obtained the optimum conditions. This method yielded the limit of detection (LOD) values of 0.0674 ppm (R-warfarin) and 0.0897 ppm (S-warfarin). The limit of quantification (LOQ) values were 0.225 ppm (R-warfarin) and 0.298 ppm (S-warfarin). Linearity existed at concentrations of 0.2–3 ppm with the line equation y = 0.0705x + 0.0704 with R² = 0.978 for R-warfarin and y = 0.0513x + 0.0297 with R² = 0.9924 for S-warfarin. At least 75% of the seven concentrations met the reverse concentration requirements, which were below ± 15%. This method met the requirements of accuracy and precision within and between runs, selectivity, and carryover where the %RSD and %diff values were below ± 15%. The mean plasma concentrations of R-warfarin and S-warfarin were found to be 0.76 ± 1.87 (SD) μg/ml and 0.59 ± 0.81 (SD) μg/ml, respectively. The mean standard dose group plasma concentration from the analysis of 77 samples was 0.68 ± 0.61 μg/mL for R-warfarin and 0.52 ± 0.42 μg/mL for S-warfarin.

Conclusions:

Based on these results, this analytical method can be declared valid and can be used for sample measurement in warfarin pharmacokinetic studies.
Survival after Trastuzumab Therapy in Patients with Locally Advanced or Metastatic HER2-Positive Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Ali Mohammad D. , Al-Matouq Jenan A. , Ahmad Ayaz , Patel Munfis , Alshnbari Afnan S. , Alhussini Sara H. , Almozien Sara F. , Alowaywi Ghadeer A. , Kannan Latha S.
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

In the Trastuzumab for Gastric Cancer study, it was found that trastuzumab combined with doublet chemotherapy (fluoropyrimidine and platinum) was the gold-standard treatment for gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) that was locally advanced, unresectable, or metastatic (HER2+).

Materials and Methods:

We performed a meta-analysis of randomized phase II/III studies testing trastuzumab in combination or alone.

Results:

This meta-analysis’s findings involved 2048 patients in total. The treatment arm and hormone receptor status were used to stratify the combined HR. Overall, the PFS (Random model) HR [0.80] and 95% confidence intervals (CI) [0.68-0.95] were significantly higher for regimens containing trastuzumab, fluoropyrimidine, and platinum compared to regimens containing fluoropyrimidine and platinum.

Conclusions:

The results of this meta-analysis provide additional support for trastuzumab’s use in treating HER2-positive GEA, particularly in cases where the disease lacks a HER2+ receptor.
Melinjo Seeds (Gnetum gnemon L.) Antioxidant Activity and Cytotoxic Effects on MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells: A Study Based on Tracing of Resveratrol Compound
Authors: Sukohar Asep , Iqbal Muhammad , Triyandi Ramadhan , Sahidin
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Breast cancer is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide. One of the polyphenols, namely, resveratrol, has been proven to have anticancer activity. Melinjo seeds which contain resveratrol need to be tested for their potential as an anti-breast cancer agent. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity and cytotoxic effect of melinjo seeds based on solvent variations and resveratrol tracing.

Methods:

Extraction of melinjo seeds was performed using the soxhletation method. Antioxidant test was performed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil method. The in vitro cytotoxic test was carried out using the microtetrazolium method. Cytotoxic test was carried out on MCF-7 breast cancer cells using a concentration range of melinjo seeds between 31,25 and 1000 μg/mL. Antioxidant and anticancer potentials are expressed in inhibitory concentration (IC)50 values. Resveratrol was traced using preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (Prep-HPLC).

Results:

Melinjo seed ethanol extract provided the largest total phenolics (126,154 ± 0,865 mg GAE/g sample) and total flavonoids (44,576 ± 0,611 mg QE/g sample) among all solvent fractions. The antioxidant activity of melinjo seeds from ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and ethanol fraction was 263,307 ppm, 317,595 ppm, 160,878 ppm, and 181,159 ppm, respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction of melinjo seeds showed the strongest cytotoxic effect (94.6 μg/mL) among all extracts and solvent fractions. Prep-HPLC showed that the ethanol extract of melinjo seeds contained resveratrol, while the ethanol and ethyl acetate fractions of melinjo seeds were thought to contain resveratrol derivatives.

Conclusion:

The antioxidant activity of melinjo seeds showed a cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cells, which varied based on solvent polarity and total phenolic and total flavonoid. The ethyl acetate fraction which is thought to contain resveratrol derivatives provides the most potent antioxidant activity and cytotoxic effect. These results indicate that melinjo seeds containing resveratrol and its derivatives have the potential for anticancer of the breast. Further studies are still needed in determining the structure of resveratrol compounds and their derivatives to ensure their biological activity and mechanism of action.
Integrated Embedded system for detecting diabetes mellitus using various machine learning techniques
Authors: Konda Rishita , Ramineni Anuraag , J Jayashree , Singavajhala Niharika , Vanka Sai Akshaj
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION: The goal of this study, titled ”Integrated System for Detecting Diabetes Mellitus using Various Machine Learning and Deep Learning Algorithms,” is to increase the precision and usability of diabetes diagnosis through the investigation and application of a wide range of machine learning and deep learning techniques.
OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to establish a comprehensive system for identifying diabetes mellitus by combining several machine learning and deep learning methods
METHODS: The methodology included every phase, from data gathering and preprocessing through advanced model development and performance assessment. The experiment demonstrated how combining several machine learning and deep learning techniques might completely transform diabetes detection. While praising accomplishments, the methodology also highlighted flaws in the data collection process. The goal of the roadmap for future improvements was to use technology to better detect and treat diabetes, which would ultimately help people of all ages and backgrounds.
RESULTS: The project’s remarkable results demonstrate the legitimacy of the methodology chosen while also highlighting its potential to completely transform the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes
CONCLUSION: The conclusion of this project lays the ground for next developments, such as improved user interfaces and the expansion of dataset scope. Through these initiatives, the long-term objective of providing more precise and accessible diabetes diagnoses becomes a real possibility, providing significant advantages to people from a variety of age groups and demographics[6].
Standard $\lambda$-lattices, rigid $\mathrm{C}^{*}$ tensor categories, and (bi)modules
Authors: Chen Quan
Published: March 2024

In this article, we construct a

2

-shaded rigid

\mathrm{C}^{*}

multitensor category with canonical unitary dual functor directly from a standard

\lambda

-lattice. We use the notions of traceless Markov towers and lattices to define the notion of module and bimodule over standard

\lambda

-lattice(s), and we explicitly construct the associated module category and bimodule category over the corresponding

2

-shaded rigid

\mathrm{C}^{*}

multitensor category. As an example, we compute the modules and bimodules for Temperley–Lieb–Jones standard

\lambda

-lattices in terms of traceless Markov towers and lattices. Translating into the unitary 2-category of bigraded Hilbert spaces, we recover De Commer–Yamashita’s classification of

\mathcal{T LJ}

module categories in terms of edge weighted graphs, and a classification of

\mathcal{T LJ}

bimodule categories in terms of biunitary connections on square-partite weighted graphs. As an application, we show that every (infinite depth) subfactor planar algebra embeds into the bipartite graph planar algebra of its principal graph.
Algebraic $kk$-theory and the KH-isomorphism conjecture
Authors: Ellis Eugenia , Rodríguez Cirone Emanuel
Published: March 2024

We relate the Davis–Lück homology with coefficients in Weibel’s homotopy

K

-theory to the equivariant algebraic

kk

-theory using homotopy theory and adjointness theorems. We express the left hand side of the assembly map for the KH-isomorphism conjecture in terms of equivariant algebraic

kk

-groups.