bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Розвиток комунікаційного менеджменту в умовах інформатизації суспільства
Authors: Храмцова Ю.В.
Published: January 2022

В статті розкрито особливості комунікаційного менеджменту в сучасних умовах.

Розвиток комунiкацiйних тeхнологiй є актуальною характеристикою інформаційного суспільства. Формуються та розвиваються нові концeпти, такі як комунікаційний менеджмент в кризових ситуаціях, репутаційний менеджмент, бренд-менеджмент, новинний менеджмент, комунікаційна підтримка лобістської діяльності, комунікативна компетентність, комунікаційний аудит, комунікаційна безпека, нейтралізація маніпулятивних технологій, комунікаційний менеджмент і управління конфліктами, управління за допомогою невербальних і паравербальних комунікацій, інформаційні війни.

Автором проаналізовано визначення предмету комунікаційного менеджменту, зроблений висновок про відсутність єдиного науково-методичного підходу для розкриття змісту поняття комунікаційний менеджмент. Звернуто увагу, що сутність комунікаційного менеджменту має дуальну природу: комунікаційний менеджмент розглядається як самостійна прикладна професійна діяльність щодо практичного використання комунікаційних засобів, методів, інструментів, механізмів, що забезпечують формування та ефективний розвиток усіх видів капіталу організації. З другого боку, комунікаційний менеджмент – це наука, яка вивчає розділ управління щодо взаємодії і взаємозв'язку елементів в часі і просторі, які формують і ефективно використовують всі види капіталу організації, базуються на законах обміну інформацією з метою  розвитку організації.
Ethics, neuropsychology and business communications through the prism of the contradictions of globalization and the information society
Authors: Наумік-Гладка К.Г.
Published: January 2022

The article describes the problems of business communications in the context of globalization and the information society. Attention is drawn to the ethics of modern communication processes and the influence of neuropsychology as a fundamentally new approach to the formation of the communication space and the implementation of effective communications.

The study of the changes taking place in the social space is relevant. The content and direction of communication, ethical, social and psychological processes are influenced by the information society, and vice versa, since they are also factors of its development.

The idea of a balanced harmonious society becomes a problem in the context of contradictions between the processes of globalization and the integration of social processes, on the one hand, and the desire to preserve cultural identity, ethnic and religious integrity, individualization of the personal origin, on the other.

In the modern global communication space, there is a threat of violence in the form of terrorist acts, anomie, marginalization and other antisocial phenomena that destroy the principles of common human cultural ethics and morality, strengthening the trend of the spread of deviant behavior in society, and an increase in the number of mental disorders of the personality.

The multipolarity of the modern world order has exposed new problems focused primarily on the ethical, psychological, cultural and communicative sphere of social reality. The problems of the dialogue of cultures, religious consensus, tolerance, psychological stability and resistance to stress have become relevant in response to the need to solve the problem of uniting the economies of territories, political strategies, religions, cultures. The problem of using linguistics in the formation of consciousness and the culture of thinking is gaining importance.

Modern social, economic, technological conditions have become a factor in changing the consciousness of an individual in a very short time. Thus, main areas should be highlighted: the sphere of family and household relations; the sphere of education; the sphere of information and communication; the sphere of ethics and culture.
Вплив експортної переорієнтації України на діяльність підприємств: маркетингові та управлінські аспекти
Authors: Отенко В.І. , Птащенко О.В. , Корсунова К.Ю. , Карталія Д.М.
Published: January 2022

У статті визначено основні проблеми управління акціонерним товариством України в умовах розгортання кризи, спричиненої пандемією Covid-19, та окреслено напрями їхнього подальшого розвитку за умови проєвропейського вектору руху економіки України. Серед основних проблем, висвітлених у статті, – недостатнє фінансування державою та місцевою владою провідних промислових підприємств та відсутність актуальних європейських партнерів. Незважаючи на велику кількість праць, присвячених дослідженню різних аспектів управління підприємствами в умовах експортної переорієнтації України з 2013 року, необхідно констатувати, що й досі основними ринками збуту для промислових підприємств є країни-члени СНД. Тобто, за 7 років переорієнтації зі Сходу на Захід, на західну та Південну Європу, структура експорту України змінилась не суттєво. Встановлено, що на сучасному етапі потребує подальшого вдосконалення основний закон щодо експортної діяльності – Закон України «Про зовнішньоекономічну діяльність», який саме і регламентує умови постачання українських товарів за кордон.

Процес ринкової трансформації національної економіки України свідчить про те, що держава повинна приймати довгострокові, стратегічні рішення в умовах економічної нестабільності та відсутності належного фінансування. На сьогодні, під тиском деяких визначальних факторів відбувається комунікаційний  процес щодо стратегічного партнерства з ЄС і послаблення торгівельного зв'язку з країнами СНД та ЄЕС (Євразійський економічний союз).
Деякі аспекти переходу України на шлях до сталого розвитку
Authors: Бурко Я.В. , Гасюк Р.Л.
Published: January 2022

Досвід за останні 25 років становлення ринкової моделі економіки України свідчить про те, що в нашій країні ще не створені ефективні умови для стабільного економічного зростання, що тісно пов'язане з накопиченням капіталу та інтенсифікацією процесу інвестування в усіх галузей економіки, а також подальший економічний розрив між розвиненими країнами світу та нашою країною став тенденцією і, як наслідок, призвів до зниження конкурентоспроможності вітчизняної економіки. Також низька додана вартість у базових галузях промисловості не дозволяє накопичити достатню кількість капіталу та перерозподілити ці заощадження для розвитку нових галузей промисловості, що, у свою чергу, не дозволяє підняти соціально-економічний рівень життя до європейського рівня у для забезпечення сталого розвитку. Більше того, останніми роками ми можемо спостерігати переорієнтацію економіки країни з індустріальної на сільськогосподарську. Такі глобальні зміни досить болісно відбиваються як у соціальному,так і у економічному аспекті. Змінюються центри формування капіталу, виникає надлишок трудових ресурсів в одних галузях та нестача в інших, а відповідно збільшення безробіття, падіння рівня життя, міграція та інші негативні елементи, які невід'ємно притаманні періоду зміни економічної структури держави. Євроінтеграційні процеси, безперечно, визначають вектор розвитку нашої держави, але для трансформації потужної пострадянської індустріальної економіки нам належить вирішити чимало складних соціальних, економічних та інших проблем.У свою чергу, перехід передових економік світу на новий технологічний уклад, всеосяжна цифровізація, розвиток генних технологій, екологічні проблеми, що становлять під загрозу подальше існування людства та іншіглобальні зиіни, які відбуваються у світовій спільноті нині, породжують багато неординарних викликів, відповідь на які потребує нових, нетрадиційних знань та підходів.Для вирішення ціх проблем необхідно проаналізувати досвід європейських країн, який показав, що на сучасному етапі розвитку світової економічної системи необмежене економічне зростання не є визначальним чинником створення ефективної економіки. Розуміння цього переорієнтувати європейську економіку та світ загалом для побудови моделі, що ґрунтується на принципах сталого розвитку, з урахуванням екологічної, економічної та соціальної складових.
Tax planning methodology at an industrial enterprise
Authors: Хуссейн Ібрахім Мохамед Саад
Published: January 2022

Tax planning at the micro level is defined as a system of measures of the enterprise aimed at maximizing the possibilities of current legislation in order to legally optimize tax payments; tax budgeting - a system of measures aimed at determining the planned amount of tax payments payable by the enterprise in future periods; calculation of current tax payments - a system of measures aimed at calculating the actual amount of tax payments payable by the enterprise in the current reporting period. Optimization of tax payments at the micro level involves compliance with such conditions of economic activity of the enterprise, under which the profitability of the industrial enterprise is approaching the maximum, and business risks - to the minimum. The goal of the article is to study the experience of organizing tax planning at industrial enterprises, the sequence of its stages; and propose a methodology for tax planning in an industrial enterprise. The proposed methodology of tax planning is based on system and project approaches, and, in particular, provides for: systematization of tax schemes and their selection according to the priority of use in the development of tax planning projects; selection of the optimal project on the basis of optimality criteria; comprehensive analysis of the tax field and the results of tax planning; current monitoring of the implementation of tax plans, the results of which offset the impact of negative factors through the use of backup and emergency projects. The methodology of tax planning at an industrial enterprise should be based on a systematic and project-based approach with the implementation of: systematization of the tax schemes and their selection according to the priority of use in the development of tax planning projects; selection of the optimal project, based on optimality criteria; comprehensive analysis of the tax field and the results of tax planning; ongoing monitoring of the implementation of the tax plans.Tax planning in industrial enterprises is a complex, integrated process, the rationalization of which should be based on a systematic approach using the achievements of economic, financial and legal disciplines. The introduction of tax planning in the management system of an industrial enterprise allows to make more meaningful conclusions about the further development of activities and reduce the risk of making wrong decisions in a particular problem situation.
A Comparative Study on Noise Pollution Levels In Dhanmondi Area, Dhaka: A Geospatial Analysis
Authors: Parvin Mahmuda
Published: January 2022

Noise pollution has been recognized as one of the most vital environmental pollutions that affecting urban area’s quality of life. Sound levels at different points of the study area have been recorded and presented spatially by geostatistical analysis. A comparison has been made between the study area data in 2019 and that of 2021. In 2021 the noise level was significantly higher despite the Covid 19 pandemic. The comparative study showed that the noise level of the study area in 2021increased significantly. Noise level data in the sample points of the study area on Friday (holiday) were also collected and found that it was higher than that of even working days, especially in the evening.
J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 47(2): 99-108, December 2021
Systematics of Modern Benthic Foraminiferal Assemblages From the Deltaic Mangrove Ecosystem of Sundarbans
Authors: Saha Tumpa , Saha Subrota Kumar
Published: January 2022

The contemporary intertidal foraminifera and estuarine environment information were collected from the four sites adjoining the deltaic mangrove environment in the Sundarbans. The marsh zones of the south-western coastal region of Bangladesh were examined for modern benthic foraminifera and to expound on the relationship of the foraminiferal assemblages with the environment. Due to high inaccessibility and remoteness, the taxonomic study of foraminifera and its depositional environment remains largely overlooked in the Sundarbans of Bangladesh. This study includes a detailed survey of depositional environment of these fluvio-deltaic to shallow marine sediments. The seventeen species belonging to fourteen genera representing nine families were recorded from surficial sediment of supratidal, intertidal, and dune environment of Kotka, Jamtala, Kochikhali, and Dimer char area. In the present study, these foraminiferal assemblages are characterized calcareous and agglutinated foraminifera. The Kotka beach is recognized as Nonionina assemblage zone, Jamtala beach designated as Ammonia assemblage zone, Kochikhali as Nonionina assemblage zone and Dimer char as Rosalina-Nonionina-Nonionella assemblage zone. The deposition of foraminifera is restricted to Sundarbans’ low to high marsh zone.
J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 47(2): 121-136, December 2021
Laboratory-Based Cytological and Biochemical Profile of Cerebrospinal Fluid for Children With Acute Bacterial Meningitis in Bangladesh
Authors: Abedin Mohammad Zakerin , Jarin Laila , Gomes Donald James
Published: January 2022

An attempt was made to analyze the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for a cytological and biochemical profile to identify etiological agents from children with suspected acute bacterial meningitis. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 371 suspected meningitis cases were examined, and the highest bacterial meningitis was found in 52(14.0%) cases in this study. Among a total of 371 samples of CSF, 272(73.3%) were crystal clear, 52(14.0%) were moderately turbid, 47(12.7%) highly turbid. The total leukocyte cell count of the CSF was proportionate to the turbidity. In the case of crystal clear CSF’s, total leukocyte counts (TLC) were normally ranging from <5 to 45 per mm3 with predominant lymphocytes. Moderately turbid fluid showed 46 to 500 cells per mm3 and highly turbid fluid showed from 501 to more than 10,00 cells/mm3. In the latter cases, differential counts demonstrated polymorphonuclear predominance. In addition, about 100% (52 cases) of positive and 12.5% (40/319) of negative cases had CSF protein concentration >100 mg/dL. CSF protein concentration greater than 100 mg/dl and sugar level below 40 mg/dl were considered as suspected bacterial meningitis in this study. Surprisingly, the C-Reactive Protein (CRP) values were found to be >40 mg/dL in both culturally positive and negative cases. Most of meningitis positive cases showed increased total cell counts as well as protein concentration, and decreased serum sugar concentrations.
J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 47(2): 137-147, December 2021
PENGARUH DEBIT DAN HEAD TERHADAP DAYA MIKRO HIDRO PADA INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN AIR (IPA) PAPALOANG PULAU BACAN
Authors: Suyono Tri , Latif Lita Asyriati , Umar Kifli , Siko Fitra Putra
Published: January 2022

Sustainable water resources management system is a water resources management system that is designed and managed and fully contributes to the community (social and economic) for present and in the future, while maintaining the sustainability of its ecological aspects.This research was under taken by direct observation in the field. Then the data obtained from the field is processed using a computer program. This research activity was carried out in Wasile Timur Village, East Halmahera Regency, North Maluku Province. The results of this study indicate that the diameter of the pipe used is diameter 300 mm, 250 mm, 200 mm, 150 mm, 100 mm, and 63 mm. Based on the variation of the pipe, the maximum pressure is 49.37 m or equal to 4.937 bar while the minimum pressure is 26.39 m or equal to 2.639 bar. As for, the pressure from the results of the analysis meets the distribution network planning criteria, namely a maximum of 9.0 - 12.4 bar and a minimum of 0.5 - 1.0 bar. Maximum flow speed of 0.60 m / s and minimum speed of 0.30 m / sec flow velocity. Analysis results is showed the planning criteria which according to the provisions is a maximum of 2.5 m / sec and a minimum of 0.25 m / sec.
TRANSPORTASI ANTARMODA KOMUTER PNS DI PROVINSI MALUKU UTARA
Authors: Hakim Raudha
Published: January 2022

The transfer of the provincial capital from Ternate to Sofifi caused almost allgovernment activities to be transferred to Sofifi. This is indicated by the increasingnumber of commuters who travel between islands with surrounding islands or districts(hinterland) or between regions within the city. Sea transportation as a means ofconnecting between islands is still very minimal, lack of infrastructure, limited numberof transportation to high transportation costs. The purpose of this study was to determinethe characteristics of PNS commuters in the island cluster area and analyze the chain ofcommuter PNS trips in the island cluster region in North Maluku province. Theinterview survey was conducted to determine various personal characteristics andpatterns of commuter travel chains. The results of this study are expected to provide anoverview of the characteristics of the computer travel chain in the island cluster regionin North Maluku Province.
ANALISIS ABILLITY TO PAY (ATP) DAN WILLINGNESS TO PAY (WTP) UNTUK PENETUAN TARIF PESAWAT RUTE PULAU TERNATE – PULAU BACAN
Authors: Mabud Zulaeha , Marsaoly Nurmaiyasa
Published: January 2022

Penetapan tarif pesawat menjadi sangat penting jika dikaitkan dengan besar penggunaan peasawat terbang . Tujuan Penetapan tarif dimaksudkan untuk menjamin kelangsungan penyelenggaraan transportasi dengan mutu jasa yang sesuai standar keselamatan, dengan mempertimbangkan daya beli masyarakat serta pengaruhnya terhadap harga produksi. Metode analisis penentuan tarif pesawat terbang menggunakan ATP dan WTP,  hasil metode tersebut bisa menentukan tarif terendah dan tertinggi sesuai pendapatan dan kemampuan membayar jasa pesawat.
STUDI LAIK FUNGSI JALAN KOLETOR DI KOTA TERNATE TENGAH
Authors: Aswat Asdi , Tou Sudarman , Umami Kartila , San Nurafni
Published: January 2022

Keselamatanpenggunajalanterutamapejalan kaki dan pengenderasepeda motorperlumenjadiperhatianpemerintahkarenasebagaianbesarmasyarakat Indonesia masihberjalankaki dan bersepeda motor dalammelakukanaktifitasnya. Dilakukan surveylangsungdilapanganmelaluipengamatanuntukmendapatkan datakondisijalansehubungandenganlaikfungsijalan. Umumnyasemuaruasjalan yangdiamatimasihmemenuhilaikfungsijalanwalaupun pada beberapatitikmasihmembutuhkan danpenyempurnaansepertitandamarkajalan yang mulaipudar dan adanyarambulalulintas yanghilang
Critérios de qualidade de banana Cavendish para comercialização: Rede varejista da Região Alto Tietê
Authors: Morais Grasiéle Émili Ferreira de , Silva Adriano Maniçoba da , Bueno Régis Cortez , Tanaka Wilson Yoshio , Zampini Eugenio de Felice , Reis João Gilberto Mendes dos , Machado Sivanilza Teixeira
Published: January 2022

A classificação de qualidade de frutas e vegetais é utilizada para selecionar produtos seguros para o consumo humano. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar o sistema de classificação da qualidade da cadeia produtiva da banana no varejo e no atacado da região do Alto Tietê, Brasil. Foi coletado 239 bananas dos 12 principais varejo-atacadistas e aplicado os Critérios de Classificação da Banana, do Programa Brasileiro de Modernização da Horticultura e Produção Integrada de Frutas. Portanto, foram considerados os critérios de qualidade: peso bruto e líquido, comprimento, calibre, grau de maturação e número de defeitos. Observou-se que a banana apresentou uma boa classificação com média de peso bruto e líquido respectivamente 156,49 ± 39,62 e 98,93 ± 30,11, comprimento 21,11 ± 2,35, calibre 37,06 ± 3,08. Ainda, notou-se associação entre os critérios de qualidade e a classificação das bananas (teste de Dunn, p < 0,05), bem como, entre os tipos de defeitos e lotes analisados (χ² = 98,11; p < 0,05). Do total de bananas analisadas, 38% estavam isentas de defeitos, mas 62% apresentaram algum tipo de defeito. Além disso, foi proposto uma estrutura estratégica para a destinação correta de bananas, como: 44% das bananas devem ser enviadas para a produção de compostagem, 17% para a indústria de ração animal, 1% para a produção de alimentos processados e 38% para a comercialização no mercado para consumo humano. Concluiu-se que o processo de classificação auxilia na transparência da cadeia produtiva de alimento, e que o monitoramento e controle da qualidade devem ser contínuos durante a exposição dos frutos para venda ao consumidor, garantindo a segurança alimentar, redução do desperdício e destinação correta das bananas não aptas para comercialização.
Análise epidemiológica dos casos novos de tuberculose em uma população privada de liberdade no Nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Melo Robert Lincoln Barros , Santos Amuzza Aylla Pereira dos , Tavares Clodis Maria , Santos Erlon Oliveira dos , Santos Valéria Bezerra , Santos Wanderlei Barbosa dos
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Analisar as características epidemiológicas dos casos novos de tuberculose entre as pessoas privadas de liberdade notificadas em Alagoas no período de 2009 a 2018. Método: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico descritivo, retrospectivo de abordagem quantitativa. A população do estudo foi composta por pessoas privadas de liberdade do estado de Alagoas notificadas com tuberculose no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) no período de 2009 a 2018. Os dados explicitados foram analisados por meio da estatística descritiva, com base na frequência relativa e absoluta em percentual. Resultados: Observou-se a elevação do número de casos novos de tuberculose no sistema prisional são eles 22,9% (2013), 9,3% (2016) e 13,4% (2018). Dentre os 411 casos novos, constata-se que 80,8% eram do sexo masculino, na faixa etária de 20 e 39 anos (63,5%). Em relação à raça/cor da pele, 330 (80,3%) eram da cor preta/pardos e 11,4% eram brancos. Em relação às características clínicas dos casos novos de tuberculose, a forma clínica pulmonar esteve quase que na totalidade, representada em 90,3% dos casos. Conclusão: Os resultados deste estudo levam à reflexão sobre a necessidade de melhoria na qualidade do cuidado prestado e a considerar que se continuarmos com o crescimento acelerado da população privada de liberdade, se não lançarmos estratégias específicas no contexto prisional e tratarmos os fatores de risco para adoecimento da tuberculose, será difícil pensar no fim da tuberculose.
Robotic Assisted Flexible Ureteroscopy in Covid-19 Positive Patient Using Thulium Fiber Laser: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Al-Ansari Abdulla , Alrayashi Maged , Kamkoum Hatem , Alnawsara Hossameldin , Tallai Bela , Gul Tawiz , Alfalahi Shukri , Abdelka-reem Mohamed , Ebrahim Mohamed Ali , Al Kadhi Fathi , Ali Farhat , Ismail Ahmed , Alnadhari Ibrahim , Aboumarzouk Omar , Salah Morshed Ali
Published: January 2022

Flexible Ureteroscopy (FURS) has become an integral aspect of the surgical armamentarium to treat intra-renal stones that are less than 2 cm in diameter. Despite the progress made with regards to the design of the flexible ureteroscopes, surgeons still need to work with suboptimal ergonomics, which may result in orthopedic complaints, which as a result lead to imperfect performance. Robotic- Assisted FURS with Avicenna Roboflex has provided significant improvement of ergonomics. The Super Pulse Thulium Fiber Laser (SPTFL) may be considered as a viable alternative to holmium laser in stone management. Coronavirus Disease- 19 (Covid-19) has been declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. As a result, many hospitals have been converted to dedicated facilities to manage the Covid-19 patients. Urinary stone disease represents a benign condition, but in non-negligible number of cases, it can lead to potential severe septic complications that could increase the burden on emergency services. Many surgical specialties including urology has made short pathways for patient flow to decrease the contact with the patients which in turn will decrease the possibility of transmission of Covid-19. The use of new technologies such as Avicenna Roboflex and thulium fiber laser in Covid-19 positive patients when performing flexible ureteroscopy can minimize direct contact with the patient, expedite the procedure, while protecting the staff from getting Covid-19 infection.
Buffy Coat DNA Methylation Profile Is Representative of Methylation Patterns in White Blood Cell Types in Normal Pregnancy
Authors: Ghamrawi Ranine , Velickovic Igor , Milicevic Ognjen , White Wendy M. , Thistlethwaite Lillian Rosa , Cunningham Julie M. , Milosavljevic Aleksandar , Milic Natasa M. , Garovic Vesna D.
Published: January 2022

Background: We aimed to assess the extent to which the buffy coat DNA methylome is representative of methylation patterns in constitutive white blood cell (WBC) types in normal pregnancy.

Methods: A comparison of differential methylation of buffy coat DNA vs DNA isolated from polymorphonuclear (PMN) and lymphocytic fractions was performed for each blood sample obtained within 24 h prior to delivery from 29 normotensive pregnant women. Methylation profiles were obtained using an Illumina Human Methylation 450 BeadChip and CHaMP bioinformatics pipeline. A subset of differentially methylated probes (DMPs) showing discordant methylation were further investigated using statistical modeling and enrichment analysis.

Results: The smallest number of DMPs was found between the buffy coat and the PMN fraction (2.96%). Pathway enrichment analysis of the DMPs identified biological pathways involved in the particular leukocyte lineage, consistent with perturbations during isolation. The comparisons between the buffy coat and the isolated fractions as a group using linear modeling yielded a small number of probes (∼29,000) with discordant methylation. Demethylation of probes in the buffy coat compared to derived cell lines was more common and was prevalent in shelf and open sea regions.

Conclusion: Buffy coat is representative of methylation patterns in WBC types in normal pregnancy. The differential methylations are consistent with perturbations during isolation of constituent cells and likely originate in vitro due to the physical stress during cell separation and are of no physiological relevance. These findings help the interpretation of DNA methylation profiling in pregnancy and numerous other conditions.
A Polyhydroxyalkanoates-Based Carrier Platform of Bioactive Substances for Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Zhang Xu , Liu Xin-Yi , Yang Hao , Chen Jiang-Nan , Lin Ying , Han Shuang-Yan , Cao Qian , Zeng Han-Shi , Ye Jian-Wen
Published: January 2022

Bioactive substances (BAS), such as small molecule drugs, proteins, RNA, cells, etc., play a vital role in many therapeutic applications, especially in tissue repair and regeneration. However, the therapeutic effect is still a challenge due to the uncontrollable release and instable physico-chemical properties of bioactive components. To address this, many biodegradable carrier systems of micro-nano structures have been rapidly developed based on different biocompatible polymers including polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), the microbial synthesized polyesters, to provide load protection and controlled-release of BAS. We herein highlight the developments of PHA-based carrier systems in recent therapeutic studies, and give an overview of its prospective applications in various disease treatments. Specifically, the biosynthesis and material properties of diverse PHA polymers, designs and fabrication of micro- and nano-structure PHA particles, as well as therapeutic studies based on PHA particles, are summarized to give a comprehensive landscape of PHA-based BAS carriers and applications thereof. Moreover, recent efforts focusing on novel-type BAS nano-carriers, the functionalized self-assembled PHA granules in vivo, was discussed in this review, proposing the underlying innovations of designs and fabrications of PHA-based BAS carriers powered by synthetic biology. This review outlines a promising and applicable BAS carrier platform of novelty based on PHA particles for different medical uses.
The Role of the Tumor Suppressor Gene Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Gamma in Cancer
Authors: Boni Christian , Sorio Claudio
Published: January 2022

Members of the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (PTPs) family are associated with growth regulation and cancer development. Acting as natural counterpart of tyrosine kinases (TKs), mainly involved in crucial signaling pathways such as regulation of cell cycle, proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis, they represent key parts of complex physiological homeostatic mechanisms. Protein tyrosine phosphatase gamma (PTPRG) is classified as a R5 of the receptor type (RPTPs) subfamily and is broadly expressed in various isoforms in different tissues. PTPRG is considered a tumor-suppressor gene (TSG) mapped on chromosome 3p14-21, a region frequently subject to loss of heterozygosity in various tumors. However, reported mechanisms of PTPRG downregulation include missense mutations, ncRNA gene regulation and epigenetic silencing by hypermethylation of CpG sites on promoter region causing loss of function of the gene product. Inactive forms or total loss of PTPRG protein have been described in sporadic and Lynch syndrome colorectal cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, ovarian, breast, and lung cancers, gastric cancer or diseases affecting the hematopoietic compartment as Lymphoma and Leukemia. Noteworthy, in Central Nervous System (CNS) PTPRZ/PTPRG appears to be crucial in maintaining glioblastoma cell-related neuronal stemness, carving out a pathological functional role also in this tissue. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge on the role of PTPRG in various human cancers.
PARP1 Upregulation in Recurrent Oral Cancer and Treatment Resistance
Authors: Wang Feifei , Gouttia Odjo G. , Wang Ling , Peng Aimin
Published: January 2022

First-line treatments for oral cancer typically include surgery, radiation, and in some cases, chemotherapy. Radiation and oral cancer chemotherapeutics confer cytotoxicity largely by inducing DNA damage, underscoring the importance of the cellular DNA damage repair and response pathways in cancer therapy. However, tumor recurrence and acquired resistance, following the initial response to treatment, remains as a major clinical challenge. By analyzing oral tumor cells derived from the primary and recurrent tumors of the same patient, our study revealed upregulated PARP1 expression in the recurrent tumor cells. Cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil treatment further augmented PARP1 expression in the recurrent, but not the primary, tumor cells. Post-treatment upregulation of PARP1 was dependent on the catalytic activities of PARP and CDK7. Consistent with the established function of PARP1 in DNA repair, we showed that overexpression of PARP1 rendered the primary tumor cells highly resistant to DNA damage treatment. Conversely, PARP inhibition partially reversed the treatment resistance in the recurrent tumor cells; combinatorial treatment using a PARP inhibitor and cisplatin/5-fluorouracil significantly sensitized the tumor response in vivo. Taken together, we reported here PARP1 upregulation as a clinically relevant mechanism involved in oral cancer recurrence, and suggested the clinical benefit of PARP inhibitors, currently approved for the treatment of several other types of cancer, in oral cancer.
Effective Dehydration of Fructose Over Stable Ti-Doped SBA-15 Catalysts
Authors: Zhu Yutong , Xu Xiaofei , He Jian , Guo Jie , Song Ke
Published: January 2022

High-effective synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from carbohydrates is an interesting reaction among biomass valorization. The as-synthesized Ti-SBA-15 catalysts with mesoporous structures showed high catalytic efficiency for the conversion of fructose to HMF. Ti-SBA-15 catalysts with different Si/Ti ratios were characterized by characterization techniques such as elemental analysis, XRD, TEM, N2 adsorption–desorption, NH3-TPD, and pyridine-FTIR. The acidity of Ti-SBA-15 catalysts could be tuned by altering addition amount of titanium. The effects of reaction conditions, including reaction time, temperature, and amount of catalyst, on the conversions of fructose and the yields of HMF were also investigated. It is found that Ti-SBA-15 catalysts whose Si/Ti ratio is 120 gave the best yields of HMF, which demonstrated 100% conversion of fructose with a maximum HMF yield of 82% at 140°C after 1 h. In addition, its catalytic performance was retained after 5 recycles in fructose conversion reaction, proving its good catalytic stability.
Optimal Revascularization Strategy for Patients With ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Multivessel Disease: A Pairwise and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Cui Kongyong , Yin Dong , Zhu Chenggang , Yuan Sheng , Wu Shaoyu , Feng Lei , Dou Kefei
Published: January 2022

Background: The relative benefit of immediate complete revascularization, staged complete revascularization, and culprit-only percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains unclear in hemodynamically stable patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and multivessel disease. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of the 3 PCI strategies in this population.

Methods: We followed a pre-specified protocol (PROSPERO number: CRD42020183801). A comprehensive search of the electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library from inception through February 21, 2020 was conducted. Randomized trials evaluating the comparative efficacy and safety of at least 2 of the 3 PCI strategies were identified. The primary endpoint was the composite of cardiovascular mortality or myocardial infarction (MI) during the longest follow-up. Pairwise and network meta-analyses were performed with random-effects model.

Results: Eleven trials including 6,942 patients were analyzed. Pairwise meta-analysis noted that immediate complete revascularization and staged complete revascularization were respectively associated with a 52 and 27% reduction in the risk of cardiovascular death or MI (relative risk [RR] 0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.32–0.73, I2 = 0%; and RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.61–0.88, I2 = 0%, respectively), compared with culprit-only PCI. The risk of cardiovascular death or MI was not statistically different in staged and immediate complete revascularization groups (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.45–1.72, I2 = 0%). Network meta-analysis obtained almost similar results compared with pairwise meta-analysis, and immediate complete revascularization had a 77% probability of being the best strategy for reducing cardiovascular death or MI among the 3 PCI strategies.

Conclusion: The current evidence suggests that both immediate and staged complete revascularization were associated with a reduction of cardiovascular death or MI compared with culprit-only PCI. Further trials are warranted to directly compare immediate vs. staged complete revascularization in this population.

Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, PROSPERO [CRD42020183801].
Population and Age-Based Cardiorespiratory Fitness Level Investigation and Automatic Prediction
Authors: Xiang Liangliang , Deng Kaili , Mei Qichang , Gao Zixiang , Yang Tao , Wang Alan , Fernandez Justin , Gu Yaodong
Published: January 2022

Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) reflects aerobic capacity and is crucial for assessing cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity level. The purpose of this study was to classify and predict the population-based cardiorespiratory fitness based on anthropometric parameters, workload, and steady-state heart rate (HR) of the submaximal exercise test. Five hundred and seventeen participants were recruited into this study. This study initially classified aerobic capacity followed by VO2max predicted using an ordinary least squares regression model with measured VO2max from a submaximal cycle test as ground truth. Furthermore, we predicted VO2max in the age ranges 21–40 and above 40. For the support vector classification model, the test accuracy was 75%. The ordinary least squares regression model showed the coefficient of determination (R2) between measured and predicted VO2max was 0.83, mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) were 3.12 and 4.24 ml/kg/min, respectively. R2 in the age 21–40 and above 40 groups were 0.85 and 0.75, respectively. In conclusion, this study provides a practical protocol for estimating cardiorespiratory fitness of an individual in large populations. An applicable submaximal test for population-based cohorts could evaluate physical activity levels and provide exercise recommendations.
Exercise and Carotid Properties in the Young–The KiGGS-2 Study
Authors: Königstein Karsten , Büschges Julia Charlotte , Sarganas Giselle , Krug Susanne , Neuhauser Hannelore , Schmidt-Trucksäss Arno
Published: January 2022

Background: Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and stiffness (cS) are predictive markers of early vascular aging and atherosclerotic risk. This study assessed, whether exercise has protective effects on carotid structure and function or on vascular risk in the young.

Methods: Volume and change of exercise (recreational and organized sports participation) of German adolescents and young adults was assessed within the prospective population-study KiGGS at KiGGS-Wave-1 (2009–2012) and KiGGS-Wave-2 (2014–2017) using standardized self-reporting questionnaires. CIMT and cS were measured by real-time B-mode ultrasound sequences with semi-automated edge-detection and automatic electrocardiogram-gated quality control in 2,893 participants (14–28 years, 49.6% female). A cumulative index for atherosclerotic risk (CV-R) included z-scores of mean arterial pressure, triglycerides, total/HDL-cholesterol-ratio, body mass index, and HbA1c.

Results: At KiGGS-Wave-2 cross-sectional CV-R but not cS and cIMT was lower in all exercise-groups compared to “no exercise” (B = −0.73, 95%-CI = −1.26 to 0.19, p = 0.008). Longitudinal volume of exercise was negatively associated with CV-R (B = −0.37, 95%-CI = −0.74 to 0.00, p = 0.048) but not with cS and cIMT. Cross-sectional relative risk of elevated CV-R but not cS and cIMT was lower in all exercise-groups compared to “no exercise” (RR = 0.80, 95%-CI = 0.66 to 0.98, p = 0.033). High exercise volumes were associated with lower relative risk of elevated CV-R (RR = 0.80, 95%-CI = 0.65–0.97, p = 0.021) and cS in tendency but not with cIMT.

Conclusions: Increased levels of exercise are associated with a better cardiovascular risk profile in young individuals, but not with cS and cIMT. Our study confirms previous recommendations on exercise in this age group without demonstrating a clear benefit on surrogate markers of vascular health.
Phish Derby: Shoring the Human Shield Through Gamified Phishing Attacks
Authors: Canham Matthew , Posey Clay , Constantino Michael
Published: January 2022

To better understand employees’ reporting behaviors in relation to phishing emails, we gamified the phishing security awareness training process by creating and conducting a month-long “Phish Derby” competition at a large university in the U.S. The university’s Information Security Office challenged employees to prove they could detect phishing emails as part of the simulated phishing program currently in place. Employees volunteered to compete for prizes during this special event and were instructed to report suspicious emails as potential phishing attacks. Prior to the beginning of the competition, we collected demographics and data related to the concepts central to two theoretical foundations: the Big Five personality traits and goal orientation theory. We found several notable relationships between demographic variables and Phish Derby performance, which was operationalized from the number of phishing attacks reported and employee report speed. Several key findings emerged, including past performance on simulated phishing campaigns positively predicted Phish Derby performance; older participants performed better than their younger colleagues, but more educated participants performed poorer; and individuals who used a mix of PCs and Macs at work performed worse than those using a single platform. We also found that two of the Big Five personality dimensions, extraversion and agreeableness, were both associated with poorer performance in phishing detection and reporting. Likewise, individuals who were driven to perform well in the Phish Derby because they desired to learn from the experience (i.e., learning goal orientation) performed at a lower level than those driven by other goals. Interestingly, self-reported levels of computer skill and the perceived ability to detect phishing messages failed to exhibit a significant relationship with Phish Derby performance. We discuss these findings and describe how focusing on motivating the good in employee cyber behaviors is a necessary yet too often overlooked component in organizations whose training cyber cultures are rooted in employee click rates alone.
A Novel Nonsense INS Mutation Causes Inefficient Preproinsulin Translocation Into the Endoplasmic Reticulum
Authors: Yang Ying , Shu Hua , Hu Jingxin , Li Lei , Wang Jianyu , Chen Tingting , Zhen Jinyang , Sun Jinhong , Feng Wenli , Xiong Yi , Huang Yumeng , Li Xin , Zhang Kai , Fan Zhenqian , Guo Hui , Liu Ming
Published: January 2022

Preproinsulin (PPI) translocation across the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the first and critical step of insulin biosynthesis. Inefficient PPI translocation caused by signal peptide (SP) mutations can lead to β-cell failure and diabetes. However, the effect of proinsulin domain on the efficiency of PPI translocation remains unknown. With whole exome sequencing, we identified a novel INS nonsense mutation resulting in an early termination at the 46th residue of PPI (PPI-R46X) in two unrelated patients with early-onset diabetes. We examined biological behaviors of the mutant and compared them to that of an established neonatal diabetes causing mutant PPI-C96Y. Although both mutants were retained in the cells, unlike C96Y, R46X did not induce ER stress or form abnormal disulfide-linked proinsulin complexes. More importantly, R46X did not interact with co-expressed wild-type (WT) proinsulin in the ER, and did not impair proinsulin-WT folding, trafficking, and insulin production. Metabolic labeling experiments established that, despite with an intact SP, R46X failed to be efficiently translocated into the ER, suggesting that proinsulin domain downstream of SP plays an important unrecognized role in PPI translocation across the ER membrane. The study not only expends the list of INS mutations associated with diabetes, but also provides genetic and biological evidence underlying the regulation mechanism of PPI translocation.
Generalized Empirical Interpolation Method With H1 Regularization: Application to Nuclear Reactor Physics
Authors: Gong Helin , Chen Zhang , Li Qing
Published: January 2022

The generalized empirical interpolation method (GEIM) can be used to estimate the physical field by combining observation data acquired from the physical system itself and a reduced model of the underlying physical system. In presence of observation noise, the estimation error of the GEIM is blurred even diverged. We propose to address this issue by imposing a smooth constraint, namely, to constrain the H1 semi-norm of the reconstructed field of the reduced model. The efficiency of the approach, which we will call the H1 regularization GEIM (R-GEIM), is illustrated by numerical experiments of a typical IAEA benchmark problem in nuclear reactor physics. A theoretical analysis of the proposed R-GEIM will be presented in future works.
Assessment of Aesthetic Quality of Urban Landscapes by Integrating Objective and Subjective Factors: A Case Study for Riparian Landscapes
Authors: Zhang Na , Zheng Xiaorou , Wang Xin
Published: January 2022

To improve human well-being, there is increasing awareness of elevating aesthetic benefits by landscape design, planning, and management. However, which landscape features and attributes may be associated with aesthetic value of an urban landscape, human aesthetic preference, and landscape practices is still not clear yet. We proposed a comprehensive aesthetic assessment approach to realise the determination of landscape aesthetic indicators, integration of objective indicators and subjective preferences, and validation of estimations. The approach was based on a four-level landscape aesthetic indicator system from the bottom features up to attributes (landscape naturalness, landscape complexity, plant species diversity, water surface, water clarity, and bank naturalness), component qualities, and finally overall quality. Fourteen metrics that could provide objective visual and spatial characters and ecological implications were identified and quantified to indicate landscape aesthetic features. Landscape aesthetic attributes, vegetation and waterbody component qualities, and overall quality were estimated by integrating objective indicators and human subjective preferences. The approach was applied to a case study of four subareas along an artificially restored riparian buffer in Beijing, China. The results showed that the modelled overall aesthetic quality was determined by both vegetation (accounting for 53%) and waterbody. The higher vegetation quality depended on the higher plant abundance, more vegetation patches, and more vegetation patch types; the higher waterbody quality depended on the clearer water and larger water surface. Compared with other features, vertical vegetation configuration, diversity of patch type and patch shape, and shrub species diversity had greater contribution to the attributes of naturalness, complexity, and plant species diversity, respectively. The modelled vegetation aesthetic attributes were directly validated using the surveyed perceptions, and the modelled vegetation and waterbody aesthetic qualities were indirectly validated by correlating with the main recreational activities. The approach is confirmed to be able to address the questions on determination, integration, and validation of landscape aesthetic indicators in some way. Thus, the approach is expected to be used for other landscapes to offer a framework for landscape practices to improve aesthetic value and cultural service.
Genome-Wide Identification and Co-Expression Analysis of ARF and IAA Family Genes in Euscaphis konishii: Potential Regulators of Triterpenoids and Anthocyanin Biosynthesis
Authors: Liu Bobin , Zhu Juanli , Lin Lina , Yang Qixin , Hu Bangping , Wang Qingying , Zou Xiao-Xing , Zou Shuang-Quan
Published: January 2022

Euscaphis konishii is an evergreen plant that is widely planted as an industrial crop in Southern China. It produces red fruits with abundant secondary metabolites, giving E. konishii high medicinal and ornamental value. Auxin signaling mediated by members of the AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR (ARF) and auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA) protein families plays important roles during plant growth and development. Aux/IAA and ARF genes have been described in many plants but have not yet been described in E. konishii. In this study, we identified 34 EkIAA and 29 EkARF proteins encoded by the E. konishii genome through database searching using HMMER. We also performed a bioinformatic characterization of EkIAA and EkARF genes, including their phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, chromosomal distribution, and cis-element analysis, as well as conserved motifs in the proteins. Our results suggest that EkIAA and EkARF genes have been relatively conserved over evolutionary history. Furthermore, we conducted expression and co-expression analyses of EkIAA and EkARF genes in leaves, branches, and fruits, which identified a subset of seven EkARF genes as potential regulators of triterpenoids and anthocyanin biosynthesis. RT-qPCR, yeast one-hybrid, and transient expression analyses showed that EkARF5.1 can directly interact with auxin response elements and regulate downstream gene expression. Our results may pave the way to elucidating the function of EkIAA and EkARF gene families in E. konishii, laying a foundation for further research on high-yielding industrial products and E. konishii breeding.