bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Türkiye’deki Kamu Hastanelerinde İdari Pozisyonda Görev Yapan Hekimlerin Profillerine Yönelik Bir Çalışma
Authors: KAYA Ramazan Rüçhan , ALKAN Ahmet
Published: June 2021

Giriş ve Amaç: Hekimler sağlık hizmetlerinin sunumunda uygulayıcı konumunda oldukları için onlar olmadan sağlık hizmetlerini düşünmek imkânsızdır. Türkiye’de hekim adayları (hazırlık hariç) altı yıllık bir eğitimle yetiştirilmektedir. Hem devlet hem de hekim adayı bu süreçte maddi manevi bir yükün altına girmektedir. Hekimlerin sağlık alanında ekip lideri konumunda olmaları onların sağlık kurumlarındaki idari görevlerde de istihdam edilmelerini beraberinde getirmektedir. Ancak idari görevler hekimlerin, hekimlik ve yöneticilik arasında kalmasına ve körelmesine sebep olabilecektir. Bu çalışmayla Türkiye’de idari pozisyonlarda görev yapan hekimlerin profillerinin tespit edilmesi hedeflenmektedir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma ikincil verilerden yararlanılan nicel bir araştırmadır. Çalışmanın evreni Türkiye’deki kamu hastanelerinden oluşmaktadır. Örneklem seçilmeden, evrenin tamamına ulaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS programına aktarılarak frekans dağılımlarına bakılmıştır.

Bulgular: Çalışma kapsamında 1638 hekim yöneticinin profilleri incelenmiştir. Bu kişilerden 577’si başhekim geriye kalanlar ise başhekim yardımcılarından oluşmaktadır. Başhekim ve başhekim yardımcılarının yaklaşık olarak beşte biri (%18.1) kadınlardan oluşmaktadır. Başhekimlerden %11.1’i kadınlardan oluşurken %88.9’u erkeklerden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada hekim yöneticilerin büyük çoğunluğunun (%63.2) uzman hekimler olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Sonuç: Hekim açığı fazla olan Türkiye’de bir de başhekim ve başhekim yardımcılığı gibi idari pozisyonlara uzman hekimlerin getirilmesinin bu açığı daha da yükselteceği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmayla Maddi/manevi oldukça yüksek maliyetlerle yetişen uzman hekimlerin mesleklerine yabancılaşacakları idari pozisyonlara getirilmesi yerine, en tepede denetleyicilerin yine hekim olması kaydıyla, başhekim yardımcısı gibi daha alt pozisyonlara alana yatkın meslek gruplarından (sağlık yönetimi, işletme, hemşirelik vb. mezunu) kişilerin getirilmesi önerilmektedir.
Farklı Depolama Sürelerinin Safranın (Crocus sativus L.) Farmakolojik Ajanlarına (Safranal, Crocin ve Crocetin) Etkisi ve Kalite Özellikleri Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ASİL Hasan
Published: June 2021

Giriş ve Amaç: Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, safranın önemli farmakolojik ajanları (safranal, krosin ve krosetin) ve uçucu bileşenlerinin farklı depolama sürelerinde nasıl etkilendiğini belirlemektir.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmanın birinci aşamasında GC-MS/FID analizi ile safranın kalite kriterlerini belirlemede kullanılan önemli farmakolojik ajanlar olan safranal, crocin ve crocetin gibi temel bileşenlerin farklı depolama sürelerinin kalite üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. İkinci aşamada ise GC-MS/MS analizi ile stigma üzerindeki uçucu bileşenler belirlenmiş ve bu uçucu bileşenlerin karşılıklı değerlendirilmesi yapılarak, yağ asidi ve biyoaktivite özelliğine sahip uçucu bileşenlere etkileri değerlendirilmiştir.

Bulgular: Safran bitkisinin stigmasının depolanma süresi uzadıkça farmakolojik ajan olarak kullanılan safranal, crocin ve Crocetin miktarları azalmaktadır. Farklı depolama sürelerinde safranal, 2,3-Dihydro-3,5-Dihydroxy-6-Methyl-4h-Pyran-4-One, Isopropylidenecyclopropyl methyl ketone, Ketoisophorone, Glycerol Palmitate ve N-Propylacetamide oranlarının depolama süreleri uzadıkça azaldıkları görülmüştür. Bunlar haricindeki diğer uçucu bileşenlerin çoğunun miktarlarında dalgalanmalar gözükmektedir. Uçucu yağ asidi bileşenlerinin oranları değerlendirildiğinde en yüksek %36.74 oranında 44 ay depolama süresinde ve en düşük %19.36 ile 8 ay depolama süresinde gerçekleşmiştir. Biyoaktif özelliğe sahip uçucu bileşen oranları değerlendirildiğinde en yüksek %49.17 ile 8 ay depolama süresinde ve en düşük ise %46.29 ile 44 ay depolama süresinde biyoaktif bileşen oranının gerçekleştiği görülmüştür. Hem yağ asidi hem de biyoaktif bileşenlere bakıldığında en yüksek oran 44 ay depolama süresinde %83.03 ile gerçekleşmiştir.

Sonuç: Depolanma süresine bağlı olarak farmakolojik ajanlarının (safranal, crocin, Crocetin) miktarları azalmaktadır. Ancak yağ asidi ve biyoaktif bileşen oranları bunu telafi etmektedir.
PEKTUS EKSKAVATUM VE PEKTUS KARİNATUMLU HASTALARDA GÖRÜLEN POSTÜR BOZUKLUKLARI
Authors: ALACA Nuray , ALACA İhsan , MORGÜL Atılay , YÜKSEL Mustafa
Published: June 2021

Giriş ve Amaç: En yaygın olarak görülen anterior göğüs duvarı deformiteleri, pektus ekskavatum (PE) ve pektus karinatum (PK)’dır. Hastalarda, ek sorun olarak postür bozuklukları görülebilmektedir. Mevcut çalışmada PE ve PK’lı hastaların postür bozukluklarını tanımlamak ve bu postür bozukluklarının klinik semptomlarla olan ilişkisini araştırmak amaçlanmaktadır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 11-45 yaş arası 526 hasta [PE (n=346) ve PK (n=180)] retrospektif olarak alınmıştır. Hastaların özgeçmişi, soy geçmişi, sırt ile göğüs ağrısı bulgusu, dinlenirken ve egzersiz sırasında nefes darlığı yaşayıp yaşamadığı gibi klinik semptomlar var/yok olarak not edilmiştir. Hastaların önden-yandan-arkadan çekilen fotoğraflarının yardımı ile New York Postür Değerlendirme Yöntemi (NYPDY) analizleri yapılmıştır. Ek olarak postür bozukluğu belirteçleri var/yok olarak kaydedilmiştir. İstatiksel olarak p
SIMULATION TECHNOLOGIES IN MEDICAL EDUCATION
Authors: Вахидова К.Л. , Терехова М.А. , Гаврилова Д.В. , Таньчева И.В. , Игнатьев С.А.
Published: June 2021

В статье рассматривается значимость симуляционных технологий в медицинском образовании. Раскрываются современные тенденции развития медицины и требования, предъявляемые к медицинским работникам: качественная медицинская помощь, конкурентноспособность, инновационная мобильность. А также возможности реализации инноваций с применением симуляционных технологий в образовательном процессе.

The article discusses the importance of simulation technologies in medical education. The modern trends in the development of medicine and the requirements for medical professionals are revealed: high-quality medical care, competitiveness, innovative mobility. As well as the possibility of implementing innovations using simulation technologies in the educational process.
Phase of the trial (Justice and Crime Coverage)
Authors: Oehmer Franziska
Published: June 2021

The variable “phase of a trial” records whether the phase before, during or after the trial is mainly covered in the reporting (vgl. Haney & Greene, 2004; Glark, 2015; Strother, 2017). Studies show that the media’s focus is mainly on the beginning (when the new information about the case has been introduced) and on the end of the trial and the possible emotional reactions to it, while the main trial is usually not or little covered (Vinson & Ertter, 2002; Haney & Greene, 2004).
 
Field of application/theoretical foundation:
The variable serves - among other variables – as an indicator of the representativeness of judicial reporting.
 
Example study:
Haney & Greene (2004)
 
Information on Haney & Greene (2004)
Authors: Craig Haney, Susan Greene
Research interest: The study evaluates aspects of newspaper reporting about death penalty cases and capital defendants.
Object of analysis: “representative sample of local, mainstream (i.e., non-“tabloid”) newspaper coverage” (134)
Time frame of analysis: not mentioned
Codebook: not available
 
Info about variable
Variable name/definition: phase of the trial [Phase des Gerichtsprozesses]
Level of analysis: article
Operationalization/coding instructions: “Generally, the stage of the trial process at which the article was written was stated explicitly. Otherwise, it was inferred from the content of the article or by comparing the date of the article to others written about the same case.” (p.136)
Values:

pretrial
guilt-phase
penalty
sentencing-phase
post trial

Intercoder reliability: Cronbach’s alpha of .73 across categories (5 Coder), not mentioned for individual category
Reference
Clark, T. S., Lax, J. R., & Rice, D. (2015). Measuring the political salience of Supreme Court cases. Journal of Law and Courts, 3(1), 37–65.
Haney, C. & Greene, S. (2004). Capital constructions: Newspaper reporting in death penalty cases. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, 4(1), 129–150.
Strother, L. (2017). How expected political and legal impact drive media coverage of Supreme Court cases, Political Communication, 34(4), S. 571-589.
Vinson, C. D., & Ertter, J. S. (2002). Entertainment or Education: How Do Media Cover the Courts? Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics, 7(4), S. 80–97.
Identifying news coverage (Justice and Crime Coverage)
Authors: Oehmer Franziska
Published: June 2021

Content analysis is often used to examine the extent to which the individual actors involved in the trial (especially the defendant) can be identified through the reporting, for example through full attribution of names, a detailed description of the person, his or her living circumstances and photos.

 

Field of application/theoretical foundation:

The variable “identifying new coverage” is of particular relevance in the context of debates on media ethics and legal philosophy. This variable is used to examine the extent to which personal rights provisions are respected in media coverage.

 

Example study:

Oehmer (work in progress)

 

Information on Oehmer (work in progress)

Author: Franziska Oehmer

Research interest: The research interest of the study focuses on three sets of questions concerning 1) the selection and representativeness of court reporting, 2) the information function of court reporting and 3) the presentation of court reporting.

Object of analysis: court coverage in Swiss newspapers (Tagesanzeiger, NZZ, Neue Luzerner Zeitung, Südostschweiz, Blick, Gratiszeitung, 20Minuten)

Time frame of analysis: January 2007 – December 2017

 

Info about variable

Variable name/definition: identifying news coverage [Identifizierende Berichterstattung über Opfer und Angeklagten]

Level of analysis: Actors in most covered court case in article

Values:

Keine identifizierende Berichterstattung. Indikator: alleinige Verwendung der Bezeichnungen Opfer, Angeklagter, ...

Mittlere identifizierende Berichterstattung: Aussage ist dazu geeignet, dass das unmittelbare Umfeld die Person identifizieren kann, Indikator: Nennung des Vornamens und des Anfangsbuchstabens.

Große identifizierende Berichterstattung: Aussage ist dazu geeignet, das Dritte die Person identifizieren können. Indikator: Nennung des vollen Namens, Nennung des Vornamens in Verbindung mit Nennung des Berufs, Wohnsitzes und Arbeitsplatzes, ... 

Intercoder reliability: Holsti .73; Krippendorff’s Alpha: .57 (2 Coder)

Codebook: available (see attachment)

 

References

Oehmer, Franziska. Die dritte Gewalt in den Medien. Eine repräsentative quantitative Inhaltsanalyse der Gerichtsberichterstattung Schweizer Medien (work in progress). [Justice in the media. A representative quantitative content analysis of court reporting in the Swiss media].
Prejudgment of the accused (Justice and Crime Coverage)
Authors: Oehmer Franziska
Published: June 2021

In some legal systems, strong prejudicial reporting can be recognized as a reason for reduced sentences in trials (e.g. in Switzerland: BGer 6B_45/2014). It is argued that the accused has already been punished by the public pillory. This variable serves to capture the extent of the implicit or explicit references to the guilt of the accused before the end of the trial (Schulz 2002).
 
Field of application/theoretical foundation:
The variable “prejudgment of the accused” is of particular relevance in the context of debates on media ethics and legal philosophy. With the use of this variable, the extent to which personal rights provisions of the defendant are respected in media coverage is discussed.
 
Example study:
Oehmer (work in progress)
 
Information on Oehmer (work in progress)
Author: Franziska Oehmer
Research interest: The study focuses on three sets of questions concerning 1) the selection and representativeness of court reporting, 2) the information function of court reporting and 3) the presentation of court reporting.
Object of analysis: court coverage in Swiss newspapers (Tagesanzeiger, NZZ, Neue Luzerner Zeitung, Südostschweiz, Blick, Gratiszeitung, 20Minuten)
Time frame of analysis: January 2007 – December 2017
Codebook: available (see attachment)
 
Info about variable
Variable name/definition: prejudgment of the accused [Vorverurteilung des Angeklagten]
Level of analysis: Actors in most covered court case in article
Values:

Keine Vorverurteilung: Über den Angeklagten wird nicht wertend berichtet. Indikatoren: Mutmasslicher Täter
Implizite Vorverurteilung: Die Tatschuld wird implizit durch Begriffe, Wertungen oder Deutungen nahegelegt.
Explizite Vorverurteilung: Die Tatschuld wird als erwiesen betrachtet. Der Angeklagt wird klar als Täter identifiziert. Indikatoren: Mörder, Täter

Intercoder reliability: Holsti .88; Krippendorff’s Alpha: .56 (2 Coder)
 
References
Oehmer, Franziska. Die dritte Gewalt in den Medien. Eine repräsentative quantitative Inhaltsanalyse der Gerichtsberichterstattung Schweizer Medien (work in progress). [Justice in the media. A representative quantitative content analysis of court reporting in the Swiss media].
Schulz, U. (2002): Die rechtlichen Auswirkungen von Medienberichterstattung auf Strafverfahren. Frankfurt: Peter Lang. [The legal effects of media coverage on criminal proceedings].
Nationality (Justice and Crime Coverage)
Authors: Oehmer Franziska
Published: June 2021

The variable provides information on whether the nationality of the (alleged) victims and/or perpetrator is mentioned in connection with crimes and offences. Research shows that minorities are disproportionately more often depicted as perpetrators than as victims (Hestermann, 2010; Vinson & Ertter, 2002).

 

Field of application/theoretical foundation:

The variable “nationality of the (alleged) victim or perpetrator” is of particular relevance in the context of debates on media ethics and legal philosophy. It is mainly used in the field of media effects research (stereotype and cultivation research, see Arendt, 2010).

 

Example study:

Hestermann (2010)

 

Info about variable

Variable name/definition: nationality [Nationalität]

Level of analysis: mentioned (alleged) victim and perpetrator in the report

Values: Nationality of the victim & perpetrator

Nicht genannt

Deutsch

Ausländisch

Ausdrücklich unbekannt

Trifft nicht zu

Intercoder reliability: Nationality of the victim 0.94; Nationality of the perpetrator 0.98 (2 Coder). What exact coefficient has been calculated has not been reported.

Codebook: available at https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv941tf9.12

 

References

Arendt, F. (2010). Cultivation effects of a newspaper on reality estimates, explicit and implicit attitudes. Journal of Media Psychology, 22, 147–159.

Hestermann, T. (2010). Fernsehgewalt und die Einschaltquote: Welches Publikumsbild Fernsehschaffende leitet, wenn sie über Gewaltkriminalität berichten. Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH. [Television violence and ratings: Which picture of the audience leads television makers when they report on violent crime].

Vinson, C. D., & Ertter, J. S. (2002). Entertainment or Education: How Do Media Cover the Courts? Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics, 7(4), S. 80–97.
Obituary: In Memorium: John Daniel
Authors: Southall Roger
Published: June 2021

John Daniel, former professor of Political Science at the University of Durban-Westville (UDW), died at his home on 25 July 2014 after a brave struggle with cancer. He will be remembered for the major contribution to political science in South Africa, his activism in the struggle against apartheid, for his inspirational teaching, his work as a progressive editor, and for his important research for the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC).
Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Keterlambatan Kedatangan Pasien Stroke di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado
Authors: Barahama Derrel V. , Tangkudung Gilbert , Kembuan Mieke A. H. N.
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Stroke is a global health problem. Ensuring the arrival of patients to the hospital to get medical treatment in a timely manner is vital in a stroke event. The late arrival of stroke patients at the hospital is the main reason for delayed medical treatment. Age, gender, education level, site of residence, distance of residence, and ambulance usage are some of the factors associated with the late arrival of stroke patients to the hospital. This study was aimed to determine the relationship between age, gender, educational status, distance of residence, residence site, as well as ambulance usage and the late arrival of stroke patients at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. This was an analytical retrospective study using patients’ medical record data. Samples were obtained by using purposive sampling technique with a minimum number of 226 samples. Data were analyzed by using the chi-square test which showed that of the 231 samples the P values were, as follows: age (P=0.711), gender (P=0.879), education level (P=0.010), residence site (P=0.303), distance of residence (P=0.458), and ambulance usage (P=0.469). Conclusion: There was a significant association between education level and the late arrival of stroke patients at Prof. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado.Keywords: stroke, late arrivalAbstrak: Stroke merupakan masalah kesehatan global. Memastikan kedatangan pasien ke rumah sakit untuk mendapatkan penanganan medis secara tepat waktu merupakan hal yang vital pada suatu kejadian stroke. Keterlambatan kedatangan pada pasien stroke sebelum tiba di rumah sakit merupakan alasan utama terjadinya keterlambatan penanganan medis pada kasus stroke. Usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, jarak tempat tinggal, letak tempat tinggal dan pengguanaan ambulans merupakan beberapa faktor yang berhubungan dengan keterlambatan kedatangan pasien stroke ke rumah sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, letak tempat tinggal, jarak tempat tinggal dan penggunaan ambulans dengan keterlambatan kedatangan pasien stroke di RSUP Prof. dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik retrospektif menggunakan data rekam medik pasien. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah minimal 226 sampel yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Hasil uji chi-square dari 231 sampel mendapatkan nilai P sebagai berikut: usia (P=0,711), jenis kelamin (P=0,879), tingkat pendidikan (P=0,010), letak tempat tinggal (P=0,303), jarak tempat tinggal (P=0,458) dan penggunaan ambulans (P=0,469). Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara tingkat pendidikan dengan keterlambatan kedatangan pasien stroke di RSUP Prof. R. D. Kandou ManadoKata kunci: stroke, keterlambatan kedatangan
Hubungan Penggunaan Hair Styling terhadap Kejadian Dermatitis Seboroik pada Mahasiswa Laki-laki di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi
Authors: Kalalo Jonathan V. D. , Pandeleke Herry E. J. , Gaspersz Shienty
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Seborrheic dermatitis is a type of papulosquamous dermatitis with predilection in areas with many sebaceous glands, scalp, face, and body. This disease is associated with immunological disorders, but ieven more with Malassezia. Seborrheic dermatitis can occur in all age groups, but is usually separated into two age groups: infants and adults. Seborrheic dermatitis has many precipitating factors, especially high oil levels and humidity. One of the trigger factors is the use of hair styling which triggers the oil production on the surface of scalp as well as hair. The occurence of excessive oil on the scalp and hair long time can cause dandruff and irritation. This study was aimed to determine the relationship between hair styling and the incidence of seborrheic dermatitis in male students at Sam Ratulangi University in Manado. This was an analytical study with a cross sectional design. Data were obtained by using questionnaires and anamnesis. The results showed that of the 25 respondents, 9 students had dandruff and 16 students did not. The chi-square test analyzing the relationship between hair styling and the incidence of seborrhoic dermatitis obtained a P value of 0.332. Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between hair styling use and the incidence of seborrheic dermatitisKeywords: hair styling, seborrheic dermatitis, male college students Abstrak: Dermatitis seboroik adalah salah satu jenis dermatitis papuloskuamosa dengan predileksi di daerah yang banyak kelenjar sebasea, skalp, wajah dan badan. Penyakit ini sering dihubungkan dengan kelainan imunologi, namun lebih sering dihubungkan dengan jamur Malassezia. Dermatitis seboroik dapat terjadi pada semua kelompok usia, namun biasanya terpisah menjadi dua golongan usia yaitu bayi dan dewasa. Dermatitis seboroik memiliki banyak faktor pencetus, terutama kadar minyak yang tinggi dan kelembaban. Salah satu faktor pencetusnya ialah penggunaan hair styling berlebih yang memicu timbulnya minyak pada rambut. Munculnya minyak pada rambut yang terlampau lama dapat menimbulkan ketombe dan juga iritasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pemakaian hair styling dengan kejadian dermatitis seboroik pada mahasiswa laki-laki Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Data diperoleh berdasarkan kuesioner yang dibagikan dan anamnesis. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan total 25 responden terdiri dari 9 orang berketombe dan 16 orang tidak berketombe. Hasil uji korelasi chi-square terhadap hubungan antara penggunaan hair styling dengan kejadian dermatitis seboroik menunjukkan nilai P=0,332. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara penggunaan hair styling dengan kejadian dermatitis seboroikKata kunci: hair styling, dermatitis seboroik, mahasiswa laki-laki
Gambaran Hasil Pemeriksaan Laringoskopi Fiber Optik pada Pasien Rawat Inap di RSUP. Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Periode 2014 -2017
Authors: Monintja Yosua K. G. , Mengko Steward K. , Pelealu Olivia C. P.
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Flexible fiber-optic laryngoscopy is one of the most common tool to identify abnormalities in larynx and its surrounding structures, biopsy, or to find abnormal tissues, such as polyps on the larynx. One of the advantages of this tool is the presence of a flexible camera that can be manipulated precisely so that it can show the whole vocal cord movement. In addition, the endoscope used in this procedure is made of thin and flexible fiber optic cable, therefore, the patient only experiences slight discomfort when the laryngoscope is inserted that does not require a long time. This study was aimed to describe the results of fiber-optic laryngoscopy (FOL) in hospitalized patients admitted to Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado from 2014 to 2017. This was a descriptive retrospective study with a cross sectional design. Based on medical records, respondents were all inpatients who had the results of FOL examination at the Department of ENT-Head and Neck Surgery Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. From 11 samples, the most common pathological features were arytenoid edema (35.71%) and hyperemic (28.58%), with dysphonia (80%) as the most frequent indication for FOL. Conclusion: The most frequent indication of FOL was dysphonia and the most common pathological abnormalities found were edema and hyperemic of arytenoid.Keywords: fiber optic laryngoscopy (FOL) Abstrak: Flexible fiber-optic laryngoscopy ialah pemeriksaan yang paling umum untuk mengetahui kelainan laring dan sekitarnya, biopsi, atau melihat jaringan abnormal seperti polip pada bagian laring. Salah satu keuntungan dari alat ini ialah kamera fleksibel yang dapat dimanipulasi secara tepat sehingga dapat menunjukkan gerakan pita suara secara penuh. Selain itu, endoskopi yang digunakan dalam prosedur ini terbuat dari kabel fiber optik yang tipis dan fleksibel, pasien hanya mengalami sedikit tidak nyaman saat alat dimasukkan dan tidak memerlukan waktu yang lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran hasil pemeriksaan fiber-optic laryngoscopy (FOL) pada pasien rawat inap di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado dari tahun 2014 hingga 2017. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan desain potong lintang. Responden ialah seluruh pasien rawat inap yang memiliki hasil pemeriksaan FOL yang tercantum dalam rekam medik di KSM THT-KL RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan dari 11 sampel didapatkan gambaran patologik yang paling sering ialah aritenoid yang edema (35,71%) dan hiperemis (28,58%) dengan disfonia (80%) sebagai indikasi paling sering untuk pemeriksaan. Simpulan: Pada pemeriksaan FOL, indikasi tersering ialah disfonia dan gambaran patologik tersering didapatkan ialah edema dan hiperemis aritenoid.Kata kunci: laringoskopi fiber optic (FOL)
Seorang Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner dengan “Silent Angina”
Authors: Wowor Ribka E. , Wantania Frans E. N.
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death for men and women in the United States. Prevalence of CAD in Indonesia in 2013 based on doctor’s diagnosis was 0.5%. Clinical manifestations of CAD may vary from asymptomatic (silent angina) to sudden cardiac death. Episodes of this asymptomatic myocardial ischemia were approximately 25-50% in CAD. Diagnostic criteria of CAD are clinical manifestation, laboratory examination, ECG, and cardiac catheterization. Management of CAD patients consists of lifestyle modification, pharmacological therapy, and myocardial revascularization. We reported a male aged 50 years with reccurent epigastric pain. Echocardiography resulted in mild MR cc annulus dilatation with ischemia as the differential diagnosis. The angiography revealed 80% stenosis in the proximal RCA and distal RCA as well as 70% stenosis in mid LAD. A percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was performed on this patient with BMS stent in mid RCA, DES stent in proximal RCA, and POBA in mid LAD. The patients was treated with Thrombo aspilets, clopidogrel, simvastatin, lisinopril, and Nitrokaf retard. The general condition of the patient was good without any complaint. Modification of changeable risk factors had been done. The five-year survival rate of this patient was 70% with dubia prognosis.Keywords: coronary artery disease, silent angina Abstrak: Penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) merupakan penyebab utama kematian pria dan wanita di Amerika Serikat. Manifestasi klinis PJK dapat bervariasi mulai dari tanpa gejala (silent angina) hingga kematian mendadak. Angka kejadian silent angina berkisar 25%-50% dari keseluruhan PJK. Pemeriksaan penunjang yang diperlukan antara lain EKG, ekokardiografi, enzim jantung, CT kardiak, treadmill test, hingga pemeriksaan invasif seperti kateterisasi jantung. Penatalaksanaan PJK meliputi penangangan non farmakologik dan farmakologik. Penanganan non farmakologik berupa modifikasi gaya hidup, sedangkan terapi farmakologik berupa obat-obatan sampai pada revaskularisasi jantung. Kami melaporkan seorang penderita PJK laki-laki berusia 50 tahun dengan keluhan utama nyeri ulu hati hilang timbul. Hasil ekokardiografi menyimpulkan MR mild cc dilatasi anulus dd iskemik. Pemeriksaan angiografi mendapatkan stenosis 80% di proksimal RCA, dan distal RCA, stenosis 70% di mid LAD. Pada penderita ini dilakukan intervensi koroner perkutan dan dilakukan pemasangan stent BMS pada mid RCA, stent DES pada proksimal RCA, POBA pada mid LAD. Pengobatan yang diberikan ialah Thrombo aspilets, clopidogrel, simvastatin, lisinopril, dan Nitrokaf retard. Keadaan umum penderita baik, keluhan menghilang dan telah dilakukan upaya modifikasi terhadap faktor risiko yang bisa diubah. Five-year survival rate penderita ini 70% dengan prognosis dubia.Kata kunci: penyakit jantung koroner, silent angina
Hubungan Higiene Personal terhadap Kejadian Pitiriasis Versikolor pada Mahasiswa Laki-laki Fakultas Kedokteran Unsrat
Authors: Tumilaar Jibrando , Suling Pieter L. , Niode Nurdjannah J.
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Pityriasis versikolor is a skin fungal infection that is quite common in Indonesia as a tropical country with a hot and humid climate, especially if the personal hygiene is not good enough. This study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between personal hygiene and the incidence of pityriasis versicolor among male students of the Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University. This was a descriptive analytical stuudy with a cross-sectional design. Subjects were 42 medical students of batch 2015-2018. Personal hygiene was determined by using questionnaires and diagnosis of pityriasis versicolor was confirmed based on clinical and Wood lamp examinations. The results showed that pityriasis versicolor was diagnosed in two subjects (4.8%). The Fisher’s exact test obtained a significancy value of 0.003 which indicated that there was a significant relationship between personal hygiene and pityriasis versicolor. Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between personal hygiene and the occurence of pityriasis versicolor. Poor personal hygiene was a risk factor of pityriasis versicolor.Keywords: pityriasis versicolor, personal hygiene, students Abstrak: Pitiriasis versikolor adalah infeksi jamur kulit yang cukup banyak ditemukan di Indonesia yang merupakan negara tropis beriklim panas dan lembab, apalagi bila higiene kurang sempurna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui higiene personal terhadap kejadian pitiriasis versikolor pada mahasiswa laki-laki Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Subjek penelitian ialah 42 mahasiswa Kedokteran Umum angkatan 2015-2018. Tingkat higiene personal diambil dari kuesioner dan diagnosis pitiriasis versikolor ditegakkam berdasarkan pemeriksaan klinis dan lampu Wood. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan kejadian pitiriasis versikolor pada dua subyek penelitian (4,8%). Uji Fisher’s exact test mendapatkan nilai signifikansi 0,003 yang menunjukkan adanya hubungan bermakna antara higiene personal dan pitiriasis versikolor. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara higiene personal dan pitiriasis versikolor. Higiene personal yang buruk merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya pitiriasis versikolor.Kata kunci: pitiriasis versikolor, higiene personal, mahasiswa
Profil Kegawatdaruratan Pasien Berdasarkan Start Triage Scale di Instalasi Gawat Darurat RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Periode Januari 2018 sampai Juli 2018
Authors: Bazmul Muhammad F. , Lantang Eka Y. , Kambey Barry I.
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Emergency Department provides first emergency services to patients with threats of death and disability in an integrated manner involving multi disciplines. Patients who come to the Emergency Department are always assessed as 3 priorities, namely priorities 1, 2 and 3. Priority 1 is case/disease with life-threatening emergency or severe emergency; Priority 2 is case/disease with mild emergency; and Priority 3 is non-emergency case/disease. This study was aimed to obtain the Triage profile of patients at Emergency Department of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. This was a retrospective descriptive study using patients’ medical records. Samples were all patients treated at the Emergency Department of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital from January 2018 until July 2018. The results showed that there were 19,229 patients as samples. Based on sex, most patients were male, meanwhile based on age most were 51-70 years, with the highest number of patients in March 2018. There were 6,913 patients (35.9%) in the orange or emergency category (Priority 2) and 6,130 patients (31.8%) in the yellow category (Priority 3). Conclusion: Based on the Start Triage in Emergency Department, the majority of patients were in Priority 2 category, followed by Priority 3 category.Keywords: Emergency Department, Start Triage Abstrak: Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD) memberikan pelayanan pertama yang bersifat emergency pada pasien dengan ancaman kematian dan kecacatan secara terpadu dengan melibatkan multi disiplin ilmu. Pasien yang datang di IGD selalu dinilai kegawatannya menja-di 3 prioritas, yaitu prioritas 1, 2, dan 3. Prioritas 1 yaitu kasus/penyakit dengan kegawat-daruratan yang mengancam jiwa atau gawat darurat berat. Prioritas 2 untuk kasus/penyakit dengan gawat darurat ringan. Prioritas 3 untuk kasus/penyakit yang bukan gawat darurat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil skala Triase pasien yang masuk di IGD RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif-retrospektif, menggunakan data rekam medis pasien. Sampel penelitian ialah seluruh pasien yang dirawat di IGD RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Januari 2018 sampai Juli 2018. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan data pasien yang masuk ke Ruang IGD RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado terhitung sejak Januari hingga Juli 2018 sebanyak 19.229 orang. Distribusi pasien terbanyak berdasarkan jenis kelamin ialah laki-laki, dan berdasarkan usia ialah 51-70 tahun, dengan jumlah pasien terbanyak pada bulan Maret 2018. Pasien IGD terbanyak ialah kategori jingga yaitu emergency (Prioritas 2) berjumlah 6.913 orang (35,9%) serta kategori kuning (Prioritas 3) berjumlah 6.130 orang (31,8%). Simpulan: Berdasarkan skala Triase di IGD, pasien terbanyak ialah Prioritas 2, disusul dengan Prioritas 3.Kata kunci : Instalasi Gawat Darurat, skala Triase
Hubungan Lama Berobat dan Keteraturan Berobat dengan Kadar HbA1c Pasien DM Tipe 2 di Poli Endokrin RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado
Authors: Sumakul Ridhel G. , Pandelaki Karel , Wantania Frans E. N.
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is caused due to insulin target cells fail or are unable to respond to insulin normally (insulin resistance). Acute or chronic complications can occur in DM patients. Complications of DM can be prevented by optimal control of glycemia, in this case, the concentration of blood glucose and HbA1c. Regularity in medication consumption is important to prevent the occurence of diabetic complications. This study was aimed to determine the relationship of the duration and the regularity of diabetes treatment with HbA1c levels in T2DM patients at Endocrinology Polyclinic at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. This was a descriptive analytical study with a cross sectional design, using paients’ medical record data. There were 60 samples obtained by using purposive sampling technique. The results of Chi-Square test showed that there was no corelation between duration of treatment and HbA1c level (P=0.111) and there was no corelation between the regularity of treatment and HbA1c level (P=0.224). Conclusion: There was no relationship between the duration and regularity of treatment with HbA1c levels of T2DM patients in the Endocrinology Polyclinic at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado.Keywords: T2DM, duration of treatment, regularity of treatment, HbA1c Abstrak: Diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2) disebabkan karena sel-sel sasaran insulin gagal atau tak mampu merespon insulin secara normal (resistensi insulin). Komplikasi yang terjadi pada pasien DM dapat bersifat akut maupun kronis. Komplikasi DMT2 dapat dicegah dengan kontrol glikemia yang optimal yaitu terkendalinya konsentrasi glukosa dalam darah dan HbA1c. Keteraturan minum obat pada pasien DM merupakan hal penting dalam mencegah terjadinya komplikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan lama berobat diabetes dan keteraturan berobat dengan kadar HbA1c pasien DMT2 di Poli Endokrin RSUP Prof . Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif analitik dengan desain potong lintang, menggunakan data rekam medik. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 60 pasien. Hasil uji Chi-Square menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan lama berobat DMT2 dengan kadar HbA1c (P=0,111). Juga tidak terdapat hubungan keteraturan berobat dengan kadar HbA1c (P=0,224). Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara lama berobat dan keteraturan kunjungan berobat dengan kadar HbA1c pasien DM tipe 2 di Poli Endokrin RSUP Prof . Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado.Kata kunci: DMT2, lama berobat, keteraturan berobat, HbA1c
Perbandingan Estimasi Laju Filtrasi Glomerulus Berdasarkan Formula Cockroft-Gault dengan Estimasi Laju Filtrasi Glomerulus Berdasarkan Formula Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration pada Subyek Penyakit Ginjal Kronik Non-Dialisis Periode Januari – Desember 2017
Authors: Kaitang Fricilia Y. , Moeis Emma S. , Wongkar Maarthen C. P.
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the health problems worldwide. Evaluation of kidney function could be done by measuring and calculating glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The direct measurement of GFR using exogenous or endogenous substance is difficult to be performed and inconvenience, therefore, the estimation of GFR (eGRF) is more preferable. The eGRF is used for assessing the grades of kidney diseases and their underlying mechanisms. Meanwhile, determination of eGRF is based on the formula of Cockroft-Gault (eGRFCG) and the formula of Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (eGRFCKD-EPI).. This study was aimed to evaluate the difference between the eGRFCG and eGRFCKD-EPI among non-dialysis CKD patients. The results showed that there was a confirmity of 79.2% between the two formulas. The gamma test obtained an r of 0.873 (P<0.01) for the two formulas. Conclusion: There was a confirmity of 79.2% between the eGFR formula of Cockroft-Gault and the eGFR formula of Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration among non-dialysis CKD patients.Keywords: CKD, eGFR CG, eGFR CKDEPI Abstrak: Penyakit ginjal kronik (PGK) merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan dunia. Penilaian fungsi ginjal dapat dilakukan dengan cara pengukuran dan perhitungan laju filtrasi glomerulus (LFG). Pengukuran LFG secara langsung dengan substansi eksogen atau endogen pada pelaksanaannya sulit dan tidak praktis sehingga saat ini digunakan perhitungan estimasi LFG (eLFG). Estimasi LFG digunakan untuk menilai stadium gangguan ginjal dan perjalanan penyakit ginjal. Penentuan estimasi LFG berdasarkan rumus formula eLFG Cockroft-Gault (eLFGCG) dan formula eLFG dari Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (eLFGCKD-EPI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan eLFG berdasarkan eLFG CG dengan eLFG CKDEPI pada PGK non-diaisis (PGK ND). Hasil penelitian mendapatkan adanya kesesuaian dari kedua formula eLFG sebesar 79,2 %. Hasil uji Gamma mendapatkan hasil kesesuaian eLFG Cockroft-Gault dengan eLFG CKDEPI dengan r= 0,873 (P<0,01). Simpulan: Terdapat kesesuaian sebesar 79,2% dari hasil pemeriksan eLFG berdasarkan formula eLFG Cockroft-Gault dengan formula eLFG CKDEPI pada penderita PGK non dialisis.Kata kunci: PGK, eLFG CG, eLFG CKDEPI
Perbedaan Tingkat Kecemasan Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin pada Tindakan Penumpatan Gigi
Authors: Paputungan Fazriah F. , Gunawan Paulina N. , Pangemanan Damajanty H. C. , Khoman Johanna A.
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Oral and dental treatment is considered to be scary that can causes anxiety. Gender is one of the factors that influence the anxiety due to restorative treatment especially in dental caries. This study was aimed to determine the difference in anxiety level based on gender in restorative treatment at RSGM Unsrat. This was an analytical study using a cross sectional design. Samples were obtained by using purposive sampling method. Levels of anxiety in males and females were measured by using questionnaire that had been tested for validity. The results showed 32 patients aged 18-65 years who received dental restorative treatment in year 2019 at RSGM Unsrat. Males were as many as females. The levels of anxiety due to the restorative treatment were as follows: not anxious (31.2%), mild (40.7%), moderate (28.1%), severe (0.0%), and very severe (0.0%). The unpaired t-test showed a p-value 0.000. In conclusion, there were differences in male and female anxiety levels due to restorative treatment at RSGM Unsrat; females were more anxious than males.Keywords: anxiety level, gender, restorative treatmentAbstrak: Pengobatan penyakit gigi dan mulut masih kurang diminati masyarakat karena dianggap menakutkan sehingga dapat menimbulkan kecemasan. Jenis kelamin merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat memengaruhi kecemasan pada penumpatan gigi yang digunakan terutama pada karies gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan tingkat kecemasan berdasarkan jenis kelamin pada tindakan penumpatan gigi di RSGM Unsrat. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik dengan desain potong lintang dan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Tingkat kecemasan pada laki-laki dan perempuan diukur berdasarkan kuesioner pengukuran tingkat kecemasan yang telah teruji validitasnya. Pasien yang menerima tindakan penumpatan gigi di RSGM Unsrat berusia 18-65 tahun pada tahun 2019 berjumlah 32 orang dengan jumlah yang sama besar untuk kedua jenis kelamin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa yang mengalami kecemasan pada tindakan penumpatan gigi kategori tidak cemas (31,2%), ringan (40,7%), sedang (28,1%), berat (0,0%), dan sangat berat (0,0%). Hasil analisis bivariat menggunakan uji statistik uji t tidak berpasangan menunjukkan nilai p=0,000. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat perbedaan tingkat kecemasan antara laki-laki dan perempuan pada tindakan penumpatan gigi di RSGM Unsrat. Kecemasan lebih banyak didapatkan pada perempuan.Kata kunci: tingkat kecemasan, jenis kelamin, penumpatan gigi
Perbandingan Ketebalan Retina Sentral Pasien Hipertensi Esensial tanpa Penurunan Visus Dibanding Orang Normal
Authors: Nursalim Ade J. , Sumual Vera , Sumanti Eugeni
Published: June 2021

Abstract: One of the complications of hypertension is hypertensive retinopathy with a prevalence of 2-17% in patients with hypertension without diabetes. Application of optical coherence tomography (OCT) tool enables the clinician to simplify the pathophysiological process of hypertensive retinopathy. This study was aimed to compare the central retina thickness of essential hypertensive patients without decreased vision to of normal people. This was a prospective comparative study using a quantitative method. There were 56 eyes in the hypertension group and 71 eyes in the normal group. The t test showed that central retina thickness in hypertension group was 201.66 μm (SD ±38,870) meanwhile in the normal group was 249.59 μm (SD±19,245) (p=0.004). In conclusion, there was a significant difference in central retinal thickness between essential hypertensive patients and normal people. It is suggested that ophthalmologic examination should be performed on patients with essential hypertension even without decreased vision.Keywords: hypertension, decrease of vision, retinal thickness Abstrak: Salah satu komplikasi hipertensi yaitu retinopati hipertensi dengan prevalensi 2-17% pada penyandang hipertensi tanpa diabetes. Aplikasi alat optical coherence tomography (OCT) memungkinkan klinisi untuk meneliti lebih lanjut mengenai proses patofisiologi retinopati hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan ketebalan retina sentral pasien hipertensi esensial tanpa penurunan visus dibanding orang normal. Jenis penelitian ialah prospektif komparatif menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 56 mata untuk kelompok hipertensi dan 71 mata untuk kelompok normal yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Uji t menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan ketebalan retina sentral pada kelompok hipertensi dibanding kelompok normal. Rerata ketebalan retina pada kelompok hipertensi ialah 201,66 μm (SD±38,870) dibanding pada kelompok normal ialah 249,59 μm (SD±19,245) (p=0,004). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara ketebalan retina sentral pasien hipertensi esensial tanpa penurunan visus dibanding orang normal. Disarankan untuk melakukan pemeriksaan mata pada penyandang hipertensi esensial meskipun belum disertai keluhan penurunan tajam penglihatan.Kata kunci: hipertensi, penurunan visus, ketebalan retina
Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi Silang pada Tindakan Ekstraksi Gigi di Poli Gigi Rumah Sakit Siloam Manado
Authors: Gabriele Rachel , Wowor Vonny N. S. , Supit Aurelia
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Prevention and control of cross infection is very important for dental health workers, especially in dental extraction because this action is directly related to blood and saliva. The risk of infection requires thorough attention of dental health workers. This study was aimed to determine the level of prevention and control of cross infection in dental extraction at Dental Clinic of Siloam Hospital Manado. This wass an observational descriptive study, with a total samples of 30 operators. The results showed that the prevention and control of cross infection before dental extraction performed was 61.71%; during dental extraction was 73.34%; and after dental extraction was 92.08%. Generally, the prevention and control of cross infection in dental extraction only achieved 75.71%. In conclusion, the prevention and control of cross infection in dental extraction at Siloam Hospital, Manado was still below maximum level.Keywords: prevention control of cross infection, dental extraction Abstrak: Pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi silang merupakan hal yang sangat penting bagi tenaga kesehatan gigi, terlebih lagi pada ekstraksi gigi, karena tindakan ini berhubungan langsung dengan darah dan saliva. Risiko infeksi mengharuskan tenaga kesehatan gigi memerhatikan tindakan pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi silang pada tindakan ekstraksi gigi di poliklinik gigi Rumah Sakit Siloam Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif observasional, dengan jumlah subyek sebanyak 30 operator. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi silang sebelum tindakan ekstraksi gigi dilakukan sebesar 61,71%; selama tindakan ekstraksi gigi sebesar 73,34%; dan setelah tindakan ekstraksi gigi sebesar 92,08%. Secara umum, pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi silang pada tindakan ekstraksi gigi hanya dilakukan sebesar 75,71%. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi silang pada tindakan ekstraksi gigi di poliklinik gigi Rumah Sakit Siloam Manado belum maksimal.Kata kunci: pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi silang, ekstraksi gigi