bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Giving Alfamangios on Cholesterol Levels and Pancreatic Appearance in Diabetes Mellitus Induced Rats
Authors: Kardina Rizki Nurmalya , Santoso Andreas Putro Ragil , Putri Fildzah Karunia , Murtasiyah Erna Dwi , Arif Sheila Weni Astuti
Published: December 2022

The isolate compound α-Mangostin was the most dominant compound found in the rind and trunk of the mangosteen fruit tree (Garcinia mangostana L.). These compounds are reported to have many pharmacological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic, anti-cancer and several other bioactivities. The aim of this research was to measure the activity of α-Mangostin isolate using 13C and 1H NMR and to find out whether this compound had bioactivity on pancreatic physiology and histopathology in type II diabetes mellitus rats with the parameters measured were cholesterol and pancreatic histopathology. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya. This research is a true experimental type because the data were taken through laboratory tests with the treatment of the research sample. The sample in this study were rats with induced diabetes mellitus. 30 rats were separated into 5 groups for each group of 6 rats. The results of this study There are differences in the effect of giving alpha mangiostin on blood cholesterol levels in rats that have been induced by diabetes mellitus, and there is a change in the morphology of the pancreas caused by free radicals.
Identification of Salmonella Sp Bacterial Contamination in Broiler Chicken at Pon Market, Jombang Regency
Authors: Rizki Ramadhani Putri , Arifin M. Zainul , Aini Inayatul
Published: December 2022

Broiler chicken meat is a type of meat that is much favored by the public because of its high nutritional content with good taste and relatively low price. However, the high protein and water content causes this meat to be easily contaminated by microbes, one of which is Salmonella sp. Salmonella sp can cause Salmonellosis, in humans salmonellosis is transmitted through food because it is undercooked during cooking so that Salmonella sp bacteria enter the body. To determine the presence of Salmonella sp bacteria in broiler chicken meat in the pound market, Jombang district. The design of this research is descriptive. The sample of this research was obtained from 8 chicken traders with total sampling technique. The variables in this study were salmonella sp bacteria in broiler chicken meat. This research method uses the scratch method. The results of the 8 samples of broiler chicken examined were found to be half(50%) contaminated with Salmonella sp and half(50%) not contaminated with Salmonella sp. From this study it was found that half of the population of broiler chicken meat sold in the pound market was contaminated with Salmonella sp.
Difference between Uric Acid and Albumin Levels in Chronic Kidney Failure Patients Before and After Hemodialysis
Authors: Maha Maha , Puspitasari Puspitasari
Published: December 2022

Chronic kidney failure (CKF) is a decrease in kidney function has decreased. The impact that occurs is the accumulation of metabolic waste, including fluid overload, uremia, hyperuricemia and hyperkalemia. Hemodialysis is the process of cleansing the blood through a distillation process outside the body using a machine (dialyzer). The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in uric acid levels and albumin levels in patients with chronic renal failure before and after hemodialysis at Dr. Muhammad Zyn Sampang General Hospital. This type of research is experimental with 15 patients using purposive random sampling technique. The method of examining uric acid using Enzymatic Photometry, and the method of examining albumin using Bromocresol Green. The research was conducted in April-May 2021 at RSUD Dr. Muhammad Zyn Sampang. This study used the Wilcoxon test. It can be concluded that there is a significant difference (p <0.05) uric acid levels (p = 0.001) and albumin levels (p = 0.001) in patients with chronic renal failure before and after hemodialysis.
Urban morphologies of films on the Spanish Mediterranean coast
Authors: Reyes Corredera Sergio , Martínez Puche Antonio , Aquilué Junyent Inés
Published: December 2022

Las morfologías urbanas de las películas en la costa mediterránea española
El objetivo del presente artículo es establecer una relación entre las morfologías urbanas de las ciudades del arco mediterráneo español (AME) y su representación cuantitativa y cualitativa en el cine de sus características urbanas. Dada la apreciación de pautas históricas comunes en espacios, como los centros históricos y sus posteriores crecimientos, se ha apostado por estos espacios litorales. En ese sentido, se plantea una metodología de revisión bibliográfica para establecer el estado del arte que relaciona las escenas urbanas cinematográficas y las morfologías que son representadas. Para ello, se ha apoyado este estudio en el análisis urbanístico de las morfologías filmadas en varias decenas de películas, que han sido evaluadas y categorizadas a partir de variables como sus elementos arquitectónicos, morfologías, compacidad y emplazamiento, basadas en la taxonomía de Zárate Martín (1991). También se han considerado criterios paisajísticos urbanos que hacen hincapié en las características físicas y morfológicas espaciales como los hitos paisajísticos o los espacios públicos. Además, se han vinculado con elementos cinematográficos como el género o el origen de las producciones. Para ello, se han empleado Sistemas de Información Geográfica y documentación urbana, como la normativa urbanística, para localizar y caracterizar los clips analizados.
Inovasi Jenang Berbahan Limbah Kulit Durian Dengan Fortifikasi Tulang Lele
Authors: Fuadah Luluk , Asyari Rizki Putri , Febriyana Vera , Sayekti Titah
Published: December 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 memunculkan kebijakan baru yang berdampak pada kehidupan masyarakat. Ngebel merupakan daerah wisata yang terkenal sebagai penghasil durian yang menjadi komoditas unggulan Kabupaten Ponorogo. Namun, kebijakan PSBB dan adanya pembatasan operasional distribusi pangan berimplikasi pada pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan yang dapat menyebabkan ketidakstabilan ketersediaan pangan dan ekonomi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan inovasi untuk mengolah bahan-bahan yang tersedia agar dapat mengurangi kesenjangan bahan pangan di daerah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat Jenang Kulit Durian (JULID) fortifikasi tulang lele sebagai alternatif jajanan khas yang bergizi bagi masyarakat dalam rangka mengurangi volume limbah kulit durian dan tulang ikan lele. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data didapatkan dari hasil uji dan berbagai referensi yaitu jurnal penelitian, buku, serta artikel ilmiah berkaitan dengan permasalahan yang dibahas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fortifikasi tulang lele pada jenang kulit durian mampu meningkatkan kandungan kalsium menjadi sebesar 1.91%. Jenang kulit durian fortifikasi tulang lele diketahui mengandung proksimat (air, protein, lemak, abu, dan karbohidrat), sukrosa, dan serat pangan dengan lama simpan 10 hari. Hasil uji ALT jenang kulit durian fortifikasi tulang lele menunjukkan angka 9,1x102 cfu/g yang artinya aman untuk dikonsumsi. Sedangkan hasil organoleptik membuktikan bahwa jenang kulit durian fortifikasi tulang lele dapat diterima dengan baik oleh masyarakat.
Pengaruh Model PjBL Berbasis Literasi Ilmiah Terhadap Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Sa'adah Itsna Laila , Pertiwi Faninda Novika
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk, mengetahui keterlaksanaan pembelajaran dengan model Project Based Learning (PjBL) berbasis Literasi Ilmiah, mengetahui aktivitas siswa selama diterapkannya model pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PjBL) berbasis Literasi Ilmiah serta mengetahui pengaruh penerapan model Project Based Learning (PjBL) berbasis literasi ilmiah terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian pre-eksperimental One-group Pretest Posttest Design. Data yang dikumpulkan melalui lembar observasi dan tes, dan dianalisis menggunakan uji t paired sample t-test. Keterlaksanaan pembelajaran dengan model Project Based Learning (PjBL) berbasis literasi ilmiah menunjukkan nilai persentase sebesar 91,6%. Sedangkan aktivitas siswa selama diterapkan model pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PjBL) berbasis literasi ilmiah diperoleh nilai persentase sebesar 84,3%. Berdasarkan uji t Paired sample t-test yang telah dilakukan dengan SPSS nilai signifikansi yang diperoleh sebesar 0,000, di mana 0,000 < 0,05. Sedangkan uji t paired sample t-test dengan menggunakan minitab memperoleh P-Value sebesar 0,000, di mana 0,000 < 0,05. Nilai rata-rata N-Gain Score yang didapatkan sebesar 0,578261 dengan peningkatan sebesar 58% yang dikategorikan cukup efektif.  Maka Project Based Learning (PjBL) berbasis literasi ilmih berpengaruh dengan cukup efektif terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar siswa di tingkat SMP/MTs.
Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Think Talk Write (TTW) dengan Pendekatan Scientific Literacy terhadap Keterampilan Presentasi Peserta Didik MTs Kelas VIII
Authors: Zahro Lutfiyatuz , Irawan Edi
Published: December 2022

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk (1) mengetahui pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan model pembelajaran think talk write (TTW) dengan pendekatan scientific literacy, (2) mengetahui aktivitas peserta didik dalam pembelajaran dengan model pembelajaran TTW dengan pendekatan scientific literacy, (3) mengetahui efektivitas model pembelajaran TTW dengan pendekatan scientific literacy dilihat dari keterampilan presentasi peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen. Seluruh peserta didik kelas VIII MTs Darul Huda Ponorogo merupakan populasi dalam penelitian ini. Sedangkan peserta didik kelas VIII X dan VIII Y MTs Darul Huda Ponorogo merupakan sampel dalam penelitian yang dilakukan. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan melalui angket. Berdasarkan penelitian ditemukan bahwa: (1) pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh guru sudah dalam kategori yang sangat baik karena sudah sesuai dengan sintaks model TTW, (2) aktivitas peserta didik juga sudah sangat baik karena peserta didik dalam pembelajaran memiliki antusias yang sangat tinggi, (3) untuk model pembelajaran TTW dengan pendekatan scientific literacy efektif terhadap keterampilan presentasi. Hal ini ditinjau dari keterampilan presentasi peserta didik di kelas eksperimen memiliki nilai yang lebih tinggi daripada di kelas kontrol. Hal ini terbukti berdasarkan uji T bahwa nilai mean model TTW sebesar 52,47, sedangkan model ceramah memiliki nilai mean sebesar 36,23.
Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Problem-based Learning Berbasis Socioscientific terhadap Kemampuan Argumentasi Peserta Didik
Authors: Minin Amirul , Fauziah Hanin Niswatul
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas model pembelajaran problem-based learning berbasis socioscientific terhadap kemampuan argumentasi peserta didik kelas VIII di MTsN 1 Ponorogo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif jenis eksperimen dengan pretest-posttest control group design. Sampel penelitian ini adalah kelas VIII F (eksperimen) dan kelas VIII E (kontrol) dengan jumlah 70 peserta didik. Instrumen penelitian ini yaitu soal tes yang diberikan sebelum dan sesudah penerapan model pembelajaran problem-based learning berbasis socioscientific. Data yang telah didapatkan kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji-t dengan bantuan software Minitab. Berdasarkan hasil uji-t diketahui bahwa P-Value sebesar 0,00. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran problem-based learning berbasis socioscientific efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan argumentasi peserta didik kelas VIII di MTsN 1 Ponorogo. Model pembelajaran problem-based learning berbasis socioscientific mampu menciptakan suasana belajar yang aktif dan menantang, peserta didik dapat berpikir kritis dan berdiskusi untuk memberikan solusi dari permasalahan yang terjadi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari berdasarkan pada konsep yang telah dipelajari.
Telaah Buku Teks IPA Kurikulum K-13 dan KTSP Ditinjau dari Kelayakan Isi, Kebahasaan, dan Sajian
Authors: Ramadhani Fahri Eka , Martinez David
Published: December 2022

Berdasarkan hasil literatur yang didapat bahwa terdapat beberapa ketentuan yang harus ada didalam buku teks yang baik. Apabila terdapat kekurangan didalamnya, sudah tentu buku teks tersebut perlu direvisi demi kelancaran dalam proses mengajar. Dalam suatu buku teks Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam atau IPA juga seharusnya terdapat beberapa kegiatan yang mengharuskan siswanya untuk berpikir secara kritis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kelayakan isi, penggunaan bahasa, dan kesesuaian sajian pada buku teks IPA KTSP dan K-13 materi sistem reproduksi pada manusia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan subyek penelitiannya adalah buku teks ilmu pengetahuan alam materi sistem reproduksi pada manusia SMP kelas 9. Adapun pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik observasi, dokumentasi, serta memulai telaah kesalahan dan kebenaran konsep dalam buku teks tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwasanya masih ada beberapa kesalahan kecil yang terdapat pada buku teks KTSP dan K-13 terutama pada bagian kebahasaan dan sajian. Namun dari keseluruhan telaah dan perbandingan yang ada, buku teks K-13 lebih layak daripada buku teks KTSP sebagai bahan ajar IPA SMP.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Tongkol Jagung sebagai Bahan Pembuatan Sereal untuk Alternatif Menu Sarapan
Authors: Maghfiroh Jihan , Asyari Rizki Putri , Mustafidah Roufi'ul , Sayekti Titah
Published: December 2022

Limbah tongkol jagung biasanya hanya dibuang atau dimanfaatkan untuk pakan ternak, dimana jumlahnya akan terus bertambah seiring dengan peningkatan kapasitas produksi. Peningkatan produksi pertanian jagung juga harus diseimbangkan dengan upaya lebih lanjut dalam mengolah limbah tongkol jagung. Tongkol jagung yang hanya dianggap limbah, ternyata memiliki kandungan gizi yang dapat dikonsumsi oleh manusia, salah satunya serat kasar. Adanya kandungan serat yang cukup tinggi menjadikan tongkol jagung cocok digunakan untuk bahan pembuatan sereal yang bergizi dan mengenyangkan. Oleh karena itu, upaya untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah, dengan memanfaatkan tongkol jagung sebagai bahan dasar dari sereal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi volume limbah tongkol jagung serta membuat alternatif sarapan bergizi dan praktis sebagai upaya mewujudkan Indonesia sehat. Penyusunan penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. bahwa SEKOJA dapat diterima oleh masyarakat baik dari segi tekstur Data didapatkan dari hasil uji dan dari referensi seperti jurnal penelitian, buku, dan artikel ilmiah yang bersumber dari internet sesuai dengan permasalahan yang dibahas. Data hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa SEKOJA mengandung serat, karbohidrat, protein, dan lemak, dimana makronutrien tersebut dibutuhkan tubuh untuk memenuhi gizi di pagi hari. Berdasarkan hasil uji organoleptik menunjukkan, rasa, dan aroma. Sedangkan SEKOJA memiliki daya simpan yang cukup lama meskipun tidak menggunakan pengawet.
An improved discrete group teaching optimization algorithm for multi-objective flexible job shop scheduling problem
Authors: Zhu Shenke , Wu Qing , Zhang Xiaotong , Zhang Chunjiang
Published: December 2022

This paper proposes a multi-objective discrete group teaching optimization algorithm (IGTOA) to solve the flexible job shop scheduling problem (FJSP) considering the minimization of maximum completion time, total workload of all machines, and maximum machine workload. In the proposed algorithm, in order to adapt the discrete nature of FJSP, a special encoding method is adopted to represent solutions. Additionally, two discretized update schemes are introduced to enhance the algorithm’s exploration ability. Moreover, based on the critical path concept, the variable neighborhood search (VNS) and insert operation are employed for local search. Finally, a dual-mode environmental selection using non-dominated ranking and crowding distance is designed to maintain the population diversity and convergence. The performance of IGTOA is verified by three well-known benchmark comparisons with several state-of-the-art algorithms. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm is effective and efficient for FJSP.
Evaluation of compressed air adsorption dryer with three different heat regeneration modes
Authors: V Suresh kannan , S Vijayan , R Lenin V , M Matheswaran M , M Sowrirajan
Published: December 2022

In this article, adsorption rate of different desiccants such as Activated alumina, Molecular sieve, and Activated carbon for producing dry air is proposed.This paper emphasized thoroughly the effect of different inlet conditions like mass of desiccant, type of desiccant and mass flow rate of air on adsorption rate by the desiccant when the atmospheric air after passing through the desiccant bed under the climatic conditions of Coimbatore.Taguchi’s method was used for statistical analysis of experiments.Taguchi’s design of experiments approach L9 orthogonal array (OA) was selected and optimum level of parameters was chosen by larger-the-better signal-to noise (S/N) ratio for this investigation. Also Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was utilized to found the most important parameter in finalizing adsorption rate and develope the empirical model. Finally an optimum level of parameters was used in confirmation test and confirmed that the predicted values in both methods ie., regression model and the equation of predicted S/N ratio were close enough themselves and also in experimental values. Statistical results (at a 95% confidence level) show that the desiccant mass (A), desiccant type (B) and mass flow rate of air (C) affect the adsorption rate by 25.21%, 34.74 % and 38.31% in the air dehumidification process, respectively. Comparison of the performances showed that at high mass flow rate of air the adsorption rate was larger for Activated alumina than that at low flow rate than Molecular sieve and activated carbon.
Assessment of vulnerability dimensions considering Family History and Environmental interplay in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Brito Anita , Franco Felipe , Brentani Helena , Beltrão-Braga Patrícia Cristina Baleeiro
Published: December 2022

Background: Despite previous studies have recently shown Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) as having a higher genetics background, over a minimum environmental background, no study up to date has investigated the interplay between genetics and environment.
Methods: We have collected data regarding Family History (FH) and Environmental Factors (EF) from 2141 individuals with ASD and their caretakers throughout Brazil, based on an online questionnaire. Most of the ASD individuals were males (81%) and the average age was 02 years minimum for males and females, and the maximum age was 41 years for males and 54 for females. People from all states in Brazil have answered the questionnaire. Genetic inheritance was obtained based on declared FH of Psychiatric and Neurological diagnosis. As for EF, exposure to risk factors during pregnancy was considered, like infections, diabetes, drugs/chemicals exposure, socio economic and psychological factors. Respondents were captured in lectures given throughout Brazil, and by the social networks of NGO “The Tooth Fairy Project”. A Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) was conducted to search vulnerability dimensions, and a Cluster Analysis was conducted to classify and identify the subgroups.
Results: Regarding EF, social and psychological exposures contributed to the first two dimensions. Concerning FH, the first dimension represented psychiatric FH, while the second represented neurological FH. When analyzed together, EF and FH contributed to two new dimensions: 1. psychiatric FH, and 2. a psychosocial component. Using Cluster Analysis, it was not possible to isolate subgroups by genetic vulnerability or environmental exposure. Instead, a gradient of psychiatric FH with similar contributions of EF was observed.
Conclusion: In this study, it was not possible to isolate groups of patients that correspond to only one component, but rather a continuum with different compositions of genetic and environmental interplay.
Apelin-13 Alleviates Hexavalent Chromium-Induced Myocardial Injury by Inhibiting ROS-mediated Oxidative Damage and Regulating Multiple Signals
Authors: Zhang Pu , Fu Rong , Liu Hengshu , Li Wang , Zhang Yingying , Song Na , Liu Hui , Yao Na , Xue Jianfeng , Yin Luhua , Cui Chao
Published: December 2022

Hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) from environmental pollution shows severe toxicity towards human organs by causing oxidative damage. Apelin-13 may inhibit oxidative damage by blocking ROS accumulation and regulating multiple signals. However, whether apelin-13 can attenuate Cr (VI)-induced toxicity has not been explored. Herein, the protective effect and molecular mechanism of apelin-13 against K2Cr2O7-induced cardiotoxicity in vitro and in vivo were evaluated. Results show that apelin-13 significantly inhibited K2Cr2O7-induced H9c2 cytotoxicity and apoptosis, followed by the attenuated PARP cleavage and caspase activation. Further investigation revealed that apelin-13 co-treatment effectively suppressed K2Cr2O7-induced oxidative damage by inhibiting ROS accumulation. Moreover, apelin-13 co-treatment dramatically normalized MAPKs and PI3K/AKT pathways in K2Cr2O7-treated H9c2 cells. Importantly, apelin-13 administration in vivo effectively attenuated myocardial fibrosis, improved angiogenesis, and inhibited myocardial abnormal proliferation and apoptosis. Ultimately, it alleviated K2Cr2O7-induced myocardial injury in rats. Taken together, our findings validated the strategy of the use of apelin-13 to effectively combat Cr (VI)-induced myocardial injury.
Unfolding alignment – How top management work to align demand and capacity: An ethnographic study of resilience in a Swedish healthcare region
Authors: Svensson Ingrid , von Knorring Mia , Hagerman Heidi , Fagerström Cecilia , Ekstedt Mirjam , Alenius Lisa Smeds
Published: December 2022

Background: Resilient healthcare organizations maintain critical functions and high-quality care under varying conditions. While previous research has focused on the activities of frontline healthcare professionals working at the “sharp end” of care, less attention has been paid to managers at the top management level. More knowledge is needed to fully understand how the managers align demand and capacity at the “blunt end” of care. Therefore, this study aimed to explore how top managers work to align demand and capacity in a healthcare region in Sweden.
Methods: Observations of management team meetings, interviews, and conversations were conducted with top managers responsible for healthcare in one of Sweden’s 21 regions. Data collection used an ethnographic approach. Data were analyzed using qualitative reflexive thematic analysis.
Results: The data showed how alignment work was done in the here and now, but also in the short and long term, with both the past and future being present in the minds of top management team participants during discussions. In addition to collaborative, preventive, supportive, and contextualizing work, which was conducted in the present, a general approach permeated the organization, which enabled connecting actions, i.e., different forms of alignment work, occurring at different points in time, and connecting different types of knowledge across organizational borders and stakeholders.
Conclusion: This study explored how top managers work to align demand and capacity in a healthcare region in Sweden. It was shown how four categories of work; collaborative, preventive, supportive and contextualization work, together with a general approach; focusing on opportunities, building on a stable past and taking a reflective stance, constitute alignment in practice. More; the alignment work was done in the here and now, with both the past and future in mind.
The ability to take action to benefit the whole is a possibility and a responsibility for top management. In the region studied, this was done by aligning demands with capacity based on past experiences and focusing on the available opportunities to connect knowledge needed within and across organizational boarders.
Controlling bacterial biofilms growth through photodynamic action
Authors: Blanco Kate , De Figueiredo Paul , Willis Jace , Yakovlev Vladslav , Bagnato Vanderlei
Published: December 2022

Changes in microbial growth kinetics and biofilm formation capacity were evaluated in bacterial cells remaining from PDT. Curcumin (CUR) used as photosensitizer, shows penetration and photodynamic effects on biofilm layers, evaluated considering parameters such as the biofilm complexity (BC), and formation time (FT) of the biofilm. Microbial growth and biofilm reformulation capacity were modified in cells remaining after partial photodynamic action. The photosensitizer (PS) permeation per bacterial biofilm layer showed to be dependent on the FT and BC in addition to the incubation time (IT) of the PS. Post-PDT effects showed (1) a delay in the onset of the exponential phase; (2) limitation of the maximum microbial amount; (3) slowdown of the growth rate. The use of PDT shows to be promising for biofilm control remnants presents slowdown and modification on the growth patterns and penetration of CUR is facilitated through the complex structure of the biofilm.
Expression of Placental Growth Factor, Neuropilin-1 and Neuropilin-2 in Primary Pterygium Tissue
Authors: Gundogan Ali Osman , Oltulu Refik , Belviranli Selman , Oltulu Pembe
Published: December 2022

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of Placental Growth Factor (PLGF), Neuropilin-1 (NP-1) and Neuropilin-2 (NP-2) molecules in the primary pterygium tissue compared with the normal conjunctival tissue.
Methods
The records of 42 patients who underwent excision surgery with autograft for primary pterygium (pterygium group) and 20 patients who underwent conjunctival nevus excision surgery (control group) in the same period were reviewed retrospectively. The samples obtained from the pterygium tissues in the pterygium group, and the clean conjunctival tissues adjacent to the nevus in the control group were collected from the archive. Immunohistochemical stains of the primary antibodies: 1/100 diluted PLGF, NP-1, and NP-2 (Abcam Cambridge Science Park, UK) were applied to all groups. Staining intensities and percentage of positive cells in epithelial, endothelial, stromal, and inflammatory cells were analyzed by an experienced pathologist.
Results
The positivity rates of PLGF and NP-2 expression in epithelial, endothelial, stromal, and inflammatory cells were found to be higher in the pterygium group compared with the control group (PLGF: p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively; NP-2: p < 0.001, for all). Staining intensities for PLGF and NP-2 were higher in the pterygium group than in the control group (PLGF: p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.005, p < 0.001, respectively; NP-2: p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). However, no significant difference was found in all cell types in terms of NP-1 expression positivity rate (p = 0.730, p = 0.121, p = 0.524 and p = 0.624, respectively) and staining intensity (p = 0.716, p = 0.147, p = 0.147 and p = 0.780, respectively).
Conclusion
High levels of PLGF and NP-2 detected in pterygium tissue suggest that they may be future therapeutic targets in preventing pterygium progression and postoperative recurrence.
A cognitive behavioral treatment method for gaming disorder: pilot data findings from the GOT-TO-GO manual
Authors: Hofstedt Annika , Mide Mikael , Arvidson Elin , Ljung Sofia , Lindskog Amanda , Mattiasson Jessica , Gordh Anna Söderpalm
Published: December 2022

Background: Gaming disorder (GD) is a brand-new diagnosis included for the first time in the latest edition of the International Classification of Disease -11.
Recently conducted international studies suggest a prevalence rate close to 2% for GD, highlighting the need for effective treatments for this patient population. Internationally there are very few studies investigating effective treatments for this condition. In this pilot study, we wanted to test a newly developed method, the Swedish GOT-TO-GO manual; a 15-week cognitive behavioral therapy treatment for GD.
Method: This study utilized a single group design with pretest, post-test and a 3 and 6 month follow up with measures of severity of GD and mood. Patients (n=20) were treatment-seeking adults with GD (mean age 27).
Results: Results show a statistically significant decrease in symptoms of GD after treatment. Hours of gaming per week also decreased concomitant with a 100 % increase in non-gaming leisure hours. The decrease in symptoms of GD was sustained at follow up 6 months after treatment. Correspondingly we saw a decrease in depression that was sustained 6 months after treatment. The drop-out rate was 20% and we were able to recruit 20 patients during the study period.
Conclusion: As GD is a new diagnostic concept more research is needed to arrive at evidence-based conclusions on effective treatments. Considering the promising results in this small pilot study with large behavioral changes and reduced symptoms of GD, upheld at least 6 months after treatment, a larger randomized controlled study is warranted and considered to be feasible based on recruitment and drop-out rates.
Trial registration: CBT treatment of gaming disorder (IGD RCT), NCT05328596 Registered 14 April 2022 - Retrospectively registered, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT05328596?term=NCT05328596&draw=2&rank=1
Anthropogenic nest materials in two distinct populations of migratory bird in Europe.
Authors: Jagiello Zuzanna , Dylewski Łukasz , Aguirre Jose , Białas Joanna , Dylik Andrzej , Lopez-Garcia Alejandro , Kaługa Ireneusz , Olszewski Adam , Siekiera Joachim , Tobolka Marcin
Published: December 2022

Transformation of natural habitats into farming lands and spread of built up areas has a pervasive effect on wildlife, especially for birds. Also, plastic pollution is affecting wildlife on a global scale. Discarded plastic is ubiquitous and accessible for birds, which can be incorporated in the nest structure. By now, a large collection of studies has been published regarding the anthropogenic nest material incorporation by birds. However, studies are predominately biased to marine birds. To balance this disproportion, we describe here the differences in type, prevalence and the amount of anthropogenic nest materials between two populations of terrestrial, mainly farmland bird, the white stork Ciconia ciconia on a broad geographical scale, from two migratory divides – eastern in Poland and western in Spain (in total 303 nests). We detected significant differences in anthropogenic nest material incorporation between two populations in regard to human pressure reflected by Human Footprint Index (HFI) and urbanisation level measured by Impervious Surface Areas (ISA). In Spanish population, we found that probability of anthropogenic nest material incorporation was positively related to ISA, and amount of anthropogenic nest material was positively associated to HFI, in contrast to Polish one, where there was no significant relationship. Moreover, we showed that the prevalence of nests with anthropogenic nest material was two times higher in Spanish than in Polish white stork population. This study demonstrates that the vulnerability to solid waste pollution differs on a population scale within one species.
Genetically predisposed motor bias drives individuality in vocal learning
Authors: Toji Noriyuki , Sawai Azusa , Wang Hongdi , Ji Yu , Sugioka Rintaro , Go Yasuhiro , Wada Kazuhiro
Published: December 2022

Individuality during learned behavior is observed across animal species, yet the biological bases underlying this process remain unclear. We utilized interspecific F1 hybrid songbirds possessing heterozygous genomes from Taeniopygia guttata and T. bichenovii to examine developmental neural mechanisms underlying individuality in vocal learning. When tutoring with songs of both parental species, F1 pupils showed vast individual differences in their acquired songs. Approximately 30% of F1 hybrids selectively learned either song of the two parental species, whereas others developed songs merged with the parental species’ traits. Individuality in song learning was formed due to inherent acoustic biases during vocal babbling. Furthermore, the glutamatergic neurons projecting from the cortical vocal output nucleus to the hypoglossal nuclei represented individually unique transcriptional signatures associated with individual differences in the song acoustic biases. These results indicate that a genetically predisposed motor bias is the origin of individuality in learning motor skills.
Helping General Dental Practitioners use the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need: An Assessment of the Easy IOTN App
Authors: Murray David , Sivamurthy Gautham , Mossey Peter
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) defines who receives treatment on the NHS. The British Orthodontic Society developed the ‘Easy IOTN’ app to help the dental team use IOTN more effectively.
Aim:
This study aims to investigate the quality of the ‘Easy IOTN’ app and any alternative mobile apps developed to aid a dentist’s ability to use IOTN.
Materials and Method:
The App Store and Google Play were searched to identify available apps which provide an educational resource for IOTN. Any app identified was assessed using the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) and the Royal College of Physicians Health Informatics Unit Checklist. The ‘Easy IOTN’ app continuous professional development section was assessed for accuracy using a focus group.
Results:
Only the ‘Easy IOTN’ app was identified. It has a mean MARS score: 3.6. Significant inaccuracies were found within the CPD component of the ‘Easy IOTN’ app.
Discussion:
A mean MARS score: 3.6 is deemed average and is comparable to the quality of other orthodontic apps which exist. Errors contained within the CPD component could confuse users and have a negative impact on IOTN skill development.
Conclusions:
The educational component of the ‘Easy IOTN’ app is of an acceptable standard but the CPD section is flawed.
Severe Monkeypox Infection of the Eye and Periocular Region
Authors: Bacorn Colin , Majidi Shahriyar , Schultz Hannah , Eberhart Charles G. , Mahoney Nicholas
Published: December 2022

Background: Monkeypox is an emerging zoonotic infection with potentially severe ocular and periocular consequences, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
Case Presentation: Two cases of monkeypox presenting in patients with AIDS are described. In the first case confluent lesions resulted in orbital compartment syndrome and total eyelid necrosis. In the second case eyelid involvement was accompanied by corneal melt and perforation. Despite aggressive treatment both patients developed permanent loss of vision and, in one case, death.
Conclusions: Many cases of ocular or periocular monkeypox are mild and self-limiting. In immunocompromised patients more severe disease may manifest and requires systemic as well as local ophthalmologic treatment.
Zinc Localization and Speciation in Rice Grain Under Variable Nutrient Limitation Conditions
Authors: Shen Yating , Wiita Elizabeth , Nghiem Athena A. , Liu Jingyu , Haque Ezazul , Austin Rachel N. , Seng Chheng Y , Phan Khongkea , Zheng Yan , Bostick Benjamin C.
Published: December 2022

Background and Aims
Severely low soil nutrient status and malnutrition or "hidden hunger" are two serious global problems. The consumption of rice constitutes approximately 20% of human caloric intake. Trace elements like zinc (Zn) is essential nutrient for rice growth, and to the populations depend on rice staples. This research examines the speciation of Zn in rice, how that speciation is impacted by soil fertility and its potential effect on malnutrition.
Methods
The composition and Zn speciation of Cambodian rice grain is analyzed using synchrotron-based microprobe X-ray fluorescence (µ-XRF) and extended X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy (EXAFS).
Results
Zn levels in rice grain ranged between 15–30 mg kg-1 and were not correlated to Zn availability in soils. 72%-90% of Zn in rice grains is present as Zn-phytate, generally not bioavailable, while smaller quantities of Zn are bound as labile nicotianamine complexes, Zn minerals like ZnCO3 or thiols, using EXAFS method based on coordination numbers for Zn binding to oxygen and sulfur.
Conclusion
Zn speciation in rice grain is affected by nutrient limitation more than previously recognized. The Zn phytate concentration in rice grain was highest for rice produced in Zn-deficient soils, consistent with increased phytate production under nutrient limitation. Phytates are generally not bioavailable, so low soil Zn fertility may not only impact grain yields, but also decrease the fraction of bioavailable Zn in grain consumers. The reduced accessibility of human zinc due to low soil nutrient levels and its exacerbation of hidden hunger may require widespread global attention.
Genetic risk for severe mental illness does not influence adipose tissue functions.
Authors: Clarke Victoria E , Ward Joey , Havyarimana Enock , Lyall Donald M , Arner Peter , Dahlman Ingrind , Strawbridge Rona J
Published: December 2022

Background: Psychiatric disorders are associated with an increased risk of metabolic diseases, including obesity. The aim of this study was to determine whether genetic variants associated with severe mental illness (individually or combined in polygenic risk scores) have significant associations with adipose tissue biology.
Methods: Adipose phenotypes, clinical and genetic data from was available from the participants of the GENiAL study. Summary statistics from the Psychiatric Genomic Consortium genome-wide association study meta-analyses were used to calculate polygenic risk scores for major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Individual genetic variants associated with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia were cross referenced for associations with adipose phenotypes – specifically adipocyte morphology (sample N=895), adipocyte number (sample N=896), spontaneous (sample N=856) and stimulated lipolysis (sample N=875). We used R to carry out linear regression with adjustment for age, sex, population structure and body mass index (BMI; where appropriate).
Results: There was no evidence that genetic variation associated with psychiatric disorders (individually or combined in polygenic risk scores) had significant effects on any adipose phenotypes.
Conclusions: This study suggests that genetic variation associated with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia does not have direct effects on adipocytes.
Photonic crystals with rainbow colors by centrifugation-assisted assembly of colloidal lig-nin nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Jinrong , Nero Mathias , Jansson Kjell , Wilhammar Tom , Sipponen Mika
Published: December 2022

Photonic crystals are optical materials that are often fabricated by assembly of particles into periodically arranged structures. However, assembly of lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) into close-packed structures has been limited due to lacking methods and incomplete understanding of the interparticle forces and packing mechanisms. Here we show a centrifugation-assisted fabrication of photonic crystals by classifying LNPs according to their particle size. Regardless of the initial broad size distribution of LNPs, centrifugation produced monodispersed particle layers that displayed gradient colors from red to violet in agreement with their size distribution and reflectance spectra. Each assembled layer of LNPs displayed semi-closed packing structures, which gave rise to coherent scattering and the resulting rainbow structural colors. In situ optical microscope images provided additional evidence on the importance of dynamic rearrangement of LNPs during their assemble into semi-closed packed structures. The preparation of LNPs combined with the methodology for their classification and assembly pave the way for a new generation of sustainable photonic crystals.
Altered Spontaneous Brain Activity Following Moxibustion in Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Zhang Qingping , Liang Lingyan , Lai Ziyan , Wei Yichen , Duan Gaoxiong , Lai Yinqi , Liu Peng , Deng Demao
Published: December 2022

Background
Moxibustion has definite clinical effect in improving the cognitive condition of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, yet its potential neural mechanism remains elusive. This study aimed to investigate the changes of spontaneous brain activity and cognitive function in MCI patients with moxibustion treatment.
Methods
We enrolled a cohort of 30 MCI patients and 30 matched healthy controls (HCs) in this study. MCI subjects were assigned to receive moxibustion treatment for two months. Based on resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging technique, we used regional homogeneity (ReHo) to evaluate changes in brain activity and Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment to assess changes in the participants' cognitive performance.
Results
There existed aberrant ReHo values in different brain areas mainly involved in the default mode network (DMN) in MCI subjects compared with HCs. After moxibustion treatment, MCI subjects showed an inverse change in ReHo values from baseline in the hippocampus/parahippocampus and insula, as well as an increase ReHo value in the middle frontal gyrus. Furthermore, changes in ReHo values of the left hippocampus/parahippocampus and middle frontal gyrus correlated with cognitive improvement in MCI group.
Conclusion
Abnormal neural activity occurred in MCI subjects mainly within the DMN. Moxibustion therapy may improve the cognitive function of MCI subjects through regulating their brain activity, particularly reversing the neural activity of DMN and salience network at reset, and may hold great potential for the early intervention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Construction 3D-printing in reducing the incidence of long latency respiratory diseases among construction workers in the UK
Authors: G.A. Filip , F.H. Abanda , F. Azenwi Fru
Published: December 2022

Onsite construction workers are exposed to many hazards which affect their body, but the ones which are sometimes overlooked are dust and silica dust inhalation, probably because it takes years to see the side effects. The damage inflicted to the lungs is irreversible and it is often discovered when it is too late. The aim of this research is to address the problem of occupational respiratory diseases among construction workers and investigate the potential of construction 3D printing in reducing the incidence of some of these diseases. The research objectives were to identify the causes of the most prevalent respiratory diseases in construction; to investigate the strategies of minimising onsite dust/ silica dust exposure; to investigate the benefits of 3D printing in the minimisation of onsite dust/ silica dust exposure; to explore the barriers of 3D printing in the minimisation of onsite dust/ silica dust exposure and to explore the strategies for wider adoption of construction 3D printing to minimise the incidence of long latency respiratory disease among construction workers. To achieve these objectives, a literature review was conducted, an online survey was carried out and professionals and researchers in the 3D printing field have been engaged in structured interviews to obtain relevant information to understand the intricacies of the new technology and its impact from a workers’ health perspective.
Brain dysfunction in gait disorders of Caribbean Atypical Parkinsonism and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy patients: a comparative study
Authors: Welter Marie-Laure , Vasseur Alexandre , Edragas Regine , Chaumont Hugo , Pineau Fanny , Mangone Graziella , Olivier Claire , Leber Isabelle , Rivaud-Pechoux Sophie , Lehericy Stéphane , Gallea Cecile , Yahia Lydia , Lannuzel Annie
Published: December 2022

Here, we characterised gait and balance disorders in 16 Caribbean AP patients (mean age = 64.3 ± 6.8 years, 9F/7M), which we compared to 15 PSP-RS patients (mean age = 66.2 ± 5.9 years, 6F/9M), and 17 controls (mean age = 64.6 ± 5.1 years, 12F/5M) (Table S1), using clinical scales and gait initiation recordings. We also recorded oculomotor parameters. We measured brain atrophy using MRI imagery to calculate the Magnetic Resonance Parkinsonism Index (MRPI 2.0)(5), and performed Voxel Based Morphometry (VBM) analysis of T1 images to examine the changes in the grey and white matter volumes (GMV and WMV). To analyse the link between brain atrophy and gait and balance disorders, we performed principal and multiple factor analysis, and multi-table Partial Least square correlations.
The extent of nitrogen isotopic fractionation in rumen bacteria is associated with changes in rumen nitrogen metabolism
Authors: Cantalapiedra-Hijar G. , Martinez-Fernandez G. , Forano E. , Denman S. , Morgavi D. P. , McSweeney C. S.
Published: December 2022

Nitrogen use is an important index of efficiency in ruminants and can be indirectly evaluated through the N isotopic discrimination between the animal and its diet (Δ15Nanimal-diet). Evidence also exists that the concentration and type of N may determine the extent of the N isotopic discrimination in bacteria. We hypothesised that the uptake and release of ammonia by rumen bacteria will have an impact on the natural 15N enrichment of the bacterial biomass over their substrates (Δ15Nbacteria-substrate) and thereby further impacting Δ15Nanimal-diet. To test this hypothesis, two independent in vitro experiments were conducted using two contrasting N sources (organic vs inorganic) at different levels either in pure rumen bacteria culture incubations (Experiment #1) or in mixed rumen cultures (Experiment #2). In experiment #1, Δ15Nbacteria-substrate was lowest when the ammonia-consumer bacterium F. succinogenes was grown on ammonium chloride, and highest when the proteolytic bacterial strain X. ruminicola was grown on tryptone. In experiment #2, Δ15Nbacteria-substrate was lower with inorganic (ammonium chloride) vs organic (peptone) N source. A strong negative correlation between Δ15Nbacteria-substrate and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, a potential fibrolytic rumen bacterium, was detected. Together, our results showed that Δ15Nbacteria-substrate may change according to the balance between synthesis of microbial protein from ammonia versus non-ammonia N sources and confirm the key role of rumen bacteria as modulators of Δ15Nanimal-diet.