bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of land conservation policy using the analytical hierarchy process method in Weninggalih Village, Jonggol District, Bogor Regency, West Java
Authors: Setiawan C , Hardi O S , A’Rachman F R , Ariyanti O , Fattah R M , Baihaqy M , Abidin Z
Published: February 2022

Weninggalih Village is one of the villages that experiences repeated droughts every year and the conversion of land functions into built areas, this has an impact on the decline in village rice production. While most of the land cover in Weninggalih Village is rice fields. This study aims to determine the land conservation policy in Weninggalih Village, Jonggol District, Bogor Regency, and West Java. The survey method was used to collect data from the field. The sample was determined by proportional sampling as many as thirty farmer households. The Analytical Hierarchy Process method was used to determine the appropriate land conservation policy for farmer households in Weninggalih Village. Based on the results of the study, it is known that those that influence land conservation policies are education, farming experience, conservation attitudes, expansion education, and cost sharing. The land in Weninggalih Village requires land conservation considering that the physical condition of the village land tends to be dry, based on observations. Land conservation policy efforts can be used as material for consideration in planning appropriate land use.
Public risk perception and public acceptance of the existing flood and drought mitigation measure in Bandung city
Authors: Asmara Linggar Y , Sagala Saut , Azhari Danang , Rianawati Elisabeth
Published: February 2022

Flood and drought are hydrometeorological hazard that annually occurred in Bandung City. This problem occurs due to static natural conditions such as geographical, topographical conditions, as well as dynamic natural conditions such as climatological matters that are exacerbated by climate change and human activities. Flood and drought risk management in urban areas generally emphasizes physical development by ignoring various social dimensions. Therefore, this research aims to understand people’s knowledge and attitudes towards disasters, represented by the public risk perception towards flooding and drought, as well as public acceptance of the existing programs that have been provided by the municipality. To identify public risk perception and their acceptance of existing programs use statistical descriptive methods. While the data collection use questionnaire with 99 samples. This research shows the affected communities can assess the risks, emotion, and expectation for the future risk, and the implemented program by municipality is mostly accepted by the community. Public risk perception and public acceptance of a program are prominent factors that determine the success or failure of a program by ensuring the compatibility of the program and the community. Thus, this research is critical to give the public perspective on implementing a community-based disaster mitigation program.
Lora-based IoT sensor node for Real-time Flood Early Warning System
Authors: Yoeseph N.M. , Purnomo F.A. , Hartono R. , Nuryani
Published: February 2022

Internet of Things (IoT) using LoRa technology has been widely used in many fields. One of them is in disaster mitigation and management. This paper presents sensor nodes as part of a Flood Early Warning System using LoRa technology. The node consists of a water level sensor and a water flow meter. Water level measurements were carried out by ultrasonic sensors HY-SRF05, and the speed of water flow is measured by water flow meter YF-S201. Communication between the nodes and the gateway is done by the BsFrance Lora32u4 II v1.4 Wireless Transceiver module. Data regarding the height of the water level and speed of water flow will be measured by the sensor and sent by the LoRa device to the gateway. The gateway then forwards that data to an open-source IoT platform for analysis and visualization. Testing ultrasonic sensor readings get an accuracy of 97.06%. Waterflow sensor testing obtained 91.96% accuracy. In addition to testing the measurement accuracy, data transmission consistency is also tested against the distance between the gateway and the node. The test results show that the data can still be sent at a space between the node and the gateway below 400 m. Above 400m, the data cannot be received by the gateway anymore. Testing delay time between reading data and receiving data on the IoT platform shows the average delivery delay of 0 ms.
Methods and mechanisms for stimulating and replicating hybrid systems and energy-saving technologies
Authors: Guzhov S V , Gasho E G , Kozyr A V , Sergeeva K D , Perepelitsa R R
Published: February 2022

The article analyzes the components of the energy structure based on carbon-free energy, shows the catalysts and risks. An assessment of the reserves for increasing the energy efficiency of large cities in Russia is presented on the example of the Moscow metropolis. The ranking of the technical and economic feasibility of introducing modern energy-saving technologies based on a large-scale analysis of projects implemented in Moscow is given. Revealed and assessed the magnitude of the effects of the main stakeholders of “green building”: city; investor and owner of premises; resident and tenant; specialist-designer, engineer, architect. Sectors are shown that are most expedient both from the point of view of the achieved effects, and from the point of view of achieving the maximum economic effect.
Perspectives on Energy Security in the Russian Federation: A Comparative Analysis of Renewable Energy Sources
Authors: Golubeva A S , Pavlova E A , Volkov A R
Published: February 2022

One of the trends in global energy development in recent years has been the rapid growth of renewable energy sources, driven by new technologies. Large hydro power plants can be considered as traditional renewable energy sources. Among the new technologies, solar, wind, biomass and geothermal power generation have taken the lead. This paper is devoted to a comparative analysis of existing types of renewable energy sources in order to identify the most promising ones to ensure the implementation of the Doctrine of the Energy Security of the Russian Federation as a further development of the economy, taking into account global trends.
Neural network in a “sliding window” for power grids signals structural analysis
Authors: Andreev O N , Slavutskiy A L , Slavutskii L A
Published: February 2022

In electric power systems, intelligent electronic devices monitor the state of an energy facility in real time. The data for monitoring the quality of electricity at the intelligent electronic device is transmitted through current and voltage measuring transformers. The operating modes, when the power transformer is turned on under voltage, as well as in emergency modes, signal distortions occur in the transformer. This paper is concerned with simplest feed forward artificial neural network to estimate the parameters of a distorted signal. The neural network is used to estimate the parameters of the current signal in the secondary winding of the current measurement signal. It is shown that the error in determining the parameters of the current is a few percent. The neural network requires a short time to operate, which potentially allows the use of neural network algorithms in intelligent electronic devices to process current and voltage signals in real time.
Decentralized heat supply systems for industrial buildings using natural gas from the Arctic zone
Authors: Yu Mikhailova L , Kurilenko N I , Germanova T V , Shcherbakova E N
Published: February 2022

The article discusses the issue of saving fuel resources, a significant reduction in the cost of maintaining and purchasing gas high-temperature sources of heat supply. The paper proposes for comparison a radiation heating system and a system with a water coolant, taking into account the design features of production shops. This assessment was carried out for an industrial facility to be located in Novy Urengoy, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia.
On the questions of supply of active gas raw materials in central Yakutia
Authors: Egorova T R , Sivtsev N A
Published: February 2022

The article deals with the problem of the reliability of the balance gas reserves of the Vilyui oil and gas region calculated by the volumetric method. Based on the analysis of the development of gas and gas condensate fields of the Predverkhoyansk and Vilyui oil and gas bearing regions, the low production capabilities of the depleted fields of the region are shown. It is concluded that the most reliable in the conditions of a complex geological structure of deposits is the assessment of gas reserves by the pressure drop method. The idea is formulated that for the fields of the Vilyui oil and gas bearing area, which have productive horizons with low initial gas saturation of reservoirs, the final gas recovery factors can be estimated at 0.55. The expediency of considering the issue of the special status of the Srednevilyui gas condensate field as a field with strategic gas reserves is noted.
Development of a set of technical and technological solutions for oil well injection
Authors: Shlein G A , Verisokin A E , Gunkina T A , Yu Verisokina A
Published: February 2022

The article provides recommendations for the development and study of wells with jet devices, depending on the nature of the inflow after hydraulic fracturing. Existing solutions for well development and exploration do not allow getting rid of complications after hydraulic fracturing, such as active proppant removal from the bottomhole zone with overfilling of bottom holes and a decrease in well flow rates. The use of jet pumps of the design proposed in the work makes it possible to effectively develop wells, reduce the time for putting them into operation, conduct high-quality hydrodynamic studies and obtain filtration parameters of the formation. To develop recommendations for the development and study of wells, depending on the nature of the inflow after hydraulic fracturing, reports on the performance of work on the wells of the Russkaya area, Vostochno-Messoyakhskoye field, and Yamburgskaya area were studied. The pressure build-up curve was processed on each well under study. The data obtained were processed according to D. Horner’s method.
Patterns and Correlates of Polysubstance Use Among Individuals With Severe Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Stephenson Mallory , Aggen Steven H , Polak Kathryn , Svikis Dace S , Kendler Kenneth S , Edwards Alexis C
Published: February 2022

Aim

The present study examined patterns and correlates of polysubstance use among individuals with severe alcohol use disorder (AUD).

Methods

Participants were 2785 individuals (63% female; mean age = 43 years, range = 18–78 years) from the Genes, Addiction and Personality Study. All participants met lifetime criteria for severe AUD (6+ symptoms). We used latent class analysis to identify patterns of frequency of lifetime use for cigarettes, marijuana, cocaine, stimulants, sedatives, opioids and hallucinogens. A variety of demographic and behavioral correlates of latent class membership were tested in univariable and multivariable models.

Results

A five-class solution was selected: extended range polysubstance use (24.5%); cigarette and marijuana use (18.8%); ‘testers,’ characterized by high probabilities of smoking 100 or more cigarettes, using marijuana 6+ times, and trying the remaining substances 1–5 times (12.3%); moderate range polysubstance use (17.1%) and minimal use (reference class; 27.3%). In univariable analyses, all potential correlates were related to latent class membership. In the multivariable model, associations with gender, race/ethnicity, age of onset for alcohol problems, dimensions of impulsivity, depressive symptoms, antisocial behavior and family history density of alcohol problems remained significant, though the pattern and strength of associations differed across classes. For instance, sensation-seeking, lack of premeditation and family history were uniquely associated with membership in the extended range polysubstance use class.

Conclusion

Patterns of polysubstance use are differentially related to demographic and behavioral factors among individuals with severe AUD. Assessing use across multiple substances may inform the selection of targets for treatment and prevention.
Hybrid modelling of biological systems: current progress and future prospects
Authors: Liu Fei , Heiner Monika , Gilbert David
Published: February 2022

Integrated modelling of biological systems is becoming a necessity for constructing models containing the major biochemical processes of such systems in order to obtain a holistic understanding of their dynamics and to elucidate emergent behaviours. Hybrid modelling methods are crucial to achieve integrated modelling of biological systems. This paper reviews currently popular hybrid modelling methods, developed for systems biology, mainly revealing why they are proposed, how they are formed from single modelling formalisms and how to simulate them. By doing this, we identify future research requirements regarding hybrid approaches for further promoting integrated modelling of biological systems.
A flexible parametric accelerated failure time model and the extension to time-dependent acceleration factors
Authors: Crowther Michael J , Royston Patrick , Clements Mark
Published: February 2022

Accelerated failure time (AFT) models are used widely in medical research, though to a much lesser extent than proportional hazards models. In an AFT model, the effect of covariates act to accelerate or decelerate the time to event of interest, that is, shorten or extend the time to event. Commonly used parametric AFT models are limited in the underlying shapes that they can capture. In this article, we propose a general parametric AFT model, and in particular concentrate on using restricted cubic splines to model the baseline to provide substantial flexibility. We then extend the model to accommodate time-dependent acceleration factors. Delayed entry is also allowed, and hence, time-dependent covariates. We evaluate the proposed model through simulation, showing substantial improvements compared to standard parametric AFT models. We also show analytically and through simulations that the AFT models are collapsible, suggesting that this model class will be well suited to causal inference. We illustrate the methods with a data set of patients with breast cancer. Finally, we provide highly efficient, user-friendly Stata, and R software packages.
Single-cell technologies to decipher cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Abplanalp Wesley Tyler , Tucker Nathan , Dimmeler Stefanie
Published: February 2022

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. A deeper understanding of the multicellular composition and molecular processes may help to identify novel therapeutic strategies. Single-cell technologies such as single-cell or single-nuclei RNA sequencing provide expression profiles of individual cells and allow for dissection of heterogeneity in tissue during health and disease. This review will summarize (i) how these novel technologies have become critical for delineating mechanistic drivers of cardiovascular disease, particularly, in humans and (ii) how they might serve as diagnostic tools for risk stratification or individualized therapy. The review will further discuss technical pitfalls and provide an overview of publicly available human and mouse data sets that can be used as a resource for research.
Mass transfer between fluids as a mechanism for seismic wave attenuation: experimental evidence from water–CO2 saturated sandstones
Authors: Chapman Samuel , Borgomano Jan V M , Quintal Beatriz , Benson Sally M , Fortin Jerome
Published: February 2022

Seismic waves are typically assumed to propagate fast enough through a porous rock saturated with multiple fluid phases such that the interaction between the fluids can be considered adiabatic, or thermodynamically unrelaxed. However, at low gas saturations and when the gas is present in the form of microscopic bubbles the fluid mixture may in fact be thermodynamically relaxed at seismic frequencies. The effective fluid is then significantly more compressible. A transition from a thermodynamically relaxed to unrelaxed state of the fluids will be accompanied by frequency dependent attenuation of the wave in response to heat and/or mass transfer. We conducted experiments on two partially saturated sandstone samples to measure frequency dependent attenuation and modulus dispersion at seismic frequencies (<1000 Hz). For CO2 saturations of 0.1–0.2 per cent we observe significant attenuation and dispersion in the bulk and shear modulus, with an attenuation peak at ∼100 Hz. The bulk modulus was significantly lower than the prediction by Gassmann–Wood fluid substitution, which assumes that the fluids are thermodynamically unrelaxed. Numerical simulations in poroelastic media further indicate that a partially drained boundary condition does not adequately explain the observed attenuation and dispersion, particularly in the shear modulus. Numerical simulations at the microscopic scale support the notion that pore-scale heterogeneities could explain the observed shear attenuation and dispersion, since an external shear deformation can cause local compressions of the pore space. The observed attenuation and dispersion are interpreted to be predominantly due to a transition from a thermodynamically relaxed to unrelaxed state of the saturating fluids.
The Four Pillars of Inclusion
Authors: Stansfield Jo
Published: February 2022

As part of the three year plan, BCS has introduced four strategic pillars that feed into everything we do as an organisation, writes Jo Stansfield, passionate advocate of equity and founder of Inclusioneering.
The Nuffield Project: Creating Opportunity
Authors: Fadden Charlie
Published: February 2022

The Nuffield project was set up to offer high achieving year 12 students from disadvantaged socio-economic backgrounds summer research placements. Charlie Fadden, QA Test Management Consultant and Vice Chair of EMBRACE SG, explains the background and the opportunity.
Futurology
Authors: Lucas Matt
Published: February 2022

Matt Lucas FBCS explores the forces driving advancements in accessible tech.
Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Smith Adam Leon
Published: February 2022

BCS members have been divided in some community discussions about how the audit and assurance of technical systems can add value, if at all. Adam Leon Smith FBCS explains.
Containers and Kubernetes: Security is not an Afterthought
Authors: Colman Matt
Published: February 2022

Container adoption is increasing across industries, but as Matt Colman, Senior Cloud Security Architect for IBM Security explains, developing, deploying and managing secure applications has its challenges.
Data Quality: Provenance, Processing and Preservation
Authors: Madhavan Naveen
Published: February 2022

Concerns about service quality extend beyond IT systems to actual data, writes Naveen Madhavan MBCS, Senior Product Specialist (Pathology) at Digital Health and Care Wales. Yet, the value of this data primarily resides in the insight it promises within a relevant context.
Crimes of Passion and Psychiatry in Early Twentieth-Century Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Meyer Manuella
Published: February 2022

This article examines how early twentieth-century crime of passion trials constructed medical insanity and criminal responsibility by litigating varied interpretations of masculine decision making. Specifically, it looks at how defense lawyers used and applied psychiatric knowledge to their clients’ benefit and how psychiatrists, in turn, (re)asserted control over that knowledge by condemning its misuse. The way that these medico-legal narratives played out in the courtroom during crime of passion trials, and in the public discourses that surrounded them, ultimately brought a smoldering competition between distinct understandings of modern masculinity into sharp focus.
On Distributive Justice by Antitrust: The Robin Hood Cartel
Authors: Schinkel Maarten Pieter
Published: February 2022

Equity concerns in antitrust could justify market power in return for a fairer allocation by weighing the consumer welfare of certain disadvantaged groups more heavily. A simple example of an equity-justified agreement illustrates how seeking distributive justice through relaxed antitrust enforcement is ineffective and inefficient. Permitting competitors to jointly set prices gives them the power to price discriminate, which they could use to redistribute wealth by overcharging the rich and giving lower than competitive prices to the poor. Provided society values redistribution enough, such a ‘Robin Hood cartel’ is profitable, despite losing money on the poor and creating deadweight losses. Yet the poor will be given only what is minimally required in return for permission to take from the rich. Without conditions, the joint-profit maximizing wealth redistribution is nothing more than alms for the poor. They receive more under a full-payout plan, but total deadweight losses remain high. In essence, assigning a larger relative consumer welfare weight to the poor discounts the inefficiencies on the rich.
Dante Gabriel Rossetti and Music: Introduction
Authors: Allis Michael
Published: February 2022

This introduction provides an overview of this Roundtable on Dante Gabriel Rossetti and music. In addition to situating the issue in relation to previous studies of Rossetti and music, poetry and art, and suggesting some topics for future research, a summary of each article is provided, outlining its content and significance.
Aortic regurgitation
Authors: Tornos Mas Pilar , Lansac Emmanuel
Published: February 2022

Evaluation of aortic regurgitation requires consideration of valve morphology, mechanism and severity of regurgitation and assessment of aortic dilatation. In asymptomatic patients with severe aortic regurgitation, follow-up of symptomatic status and LV size and function is mandatory. The strongest indication for valve surgery is the presence of symptoms and/or the documentation of LVEF <50% and/or end-systolic diameter =50 mm. In patients with dilated aorta, definition of aortic pathology and accurate measurements of aortic diameters are crucial. Surgery is recommended whenever aortic dilation is = 55 mm or = 50 mm in patients with bicuspid aortic valves and Marfan syndrome or =45 mm when additional risk factors are present. For patients who have an indication for valve surgery, an aortic diameter of ≥45 mm is considered to indicate concomitant surgery of the aorta. Aortic valve repair and valve-sparing aortic surgery instead of aortic valve replacement should be considered in selected cases in experienced centres.
Association of Hypocalcemia With Mortality of Combat Casualties With Brain Injury and Polytrauma Transported by Critical Care Air Transport Teams
Authors: Davis William T , Ng Patrick C , Medellin Kimberly L , Cutright Julie E , Araña Allyson A , Strilka Richard J , Sorensen Derek M , Maddry Joseph K
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Hypocalcemia at hospital presentation is associated with increased mortality in trauma patients with hemorrhagic shock. The 2019 updates to the Joint Trauma System Damage Control Resuscitation (DCR) Clinical Practice Guideline recommend calcium supplementation for ionized calcium (iCa) measurements <1.2 mmol/L. Ionized calcium goals for en route critical care (ERCC) following DCR are less defined, and the impact of in-flight hypocalcemia events among critically injured combat wounded is unknown. This study aimed to describe the association between hypocalcemia and mortality for combat-wounded with brain injury and polytrauma requiring transport by Critical Care Air Transport Teams (CCATT).

Methods

We performed a secondary analysis of a retrospective cohort of patients with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury transported by CCATT out of combat theater between January 2007 and May 2014. Additional inclusion criteria included polytrauma and at least one documented in-flight iCa measurement. We categorized exposures based on the minimum in-flight iCa measurement as severe hypocalcemia (iCa <0.9 mmol/L), hypocalcemia (iCa 0.9-1.11 mmol/L), and never hypocalcemic (iCa ≥1.12 mmol/L). The primary outcome measure was mortality. We calculated descriptive statistics and performed multivariate logistic regression to assess the association between hypocalcemia and mortality.

Results

We analyzed 190 subjects, with a median age of 24 years (interquartile range [IQR] 21 to 29 years) and 97.7% male gender. Explosive injuries (82.1%) and gunshot wounds (6.3%) were the most common mechanisms of injury. The median injury severity score was 34 (IQR 27 to 43). During the flight, 11.6% of patients had severe hypocalcemia, and 39.5% had hypocalcemia. Among patients with any hypocalcemia measurement in-flight (n = 97), 41.2% had hypocalcemia on pre-flight iCa, 28.9% received blood products in-flight, and 23.7% received in-flight calcium supplementation. Only 32.4% of patients with hypocalcemia or severe hypocalcemia in the setting of vasopressor administration received in-flight calcium supplementation. There was no significant difference in mortality between severe hypocalcemia (9.1%), hypocalcemia (5.3%), and never hypocalcemic (3.2%) patients even after controlling for pre-flight variables.

Conclusion

In-flight hypocalcemia events were common among critically ill combat-wounded polytrauma patients transported by CCATT but were not associated with differences in mortality. Future training should emphasize the need for calcium correction among ERCC patients requiring vasopressors. Future studies with larger sample sizes of patients receiving ERCC are needed to assess the association between in-flight calcium supplementation with clinical outcomes.
Effect of copper on the antifungal activity of disulfiram (Antabuse®) in fluconazole-resistant Candida strains
Authors: Shanholtzer Claire N , Rice Cameron , Watson Katherine , Carreon Hannah , Long Timothy E
Published: February 2022

Disulfiram (Antabuse®) is an alcohol use disorder medication that exhibits antifungal activity against Candida species. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if copper potentiates the antifungal effects of disulfiram based on prior observations that the combination demonstrates increased antitumor activity. Our findings revealed that copper addition conferred up to an eight-fold reduction in the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of disulfiram by broth microdilution assessment. Unexpectedly, copper was also found to nullify the fungicidal activity of disulfiram despite the significant reduction in MICs. It was therefore concluded that copper likely increased the antifungal potency of disulfiram through formation of a fungistatic chelation complex.

Lay summary

The effect of copper on the antifungal activity of disulfiram was evaluated against fluconazole-resistant Candida species. The study establishes that copper addition confers greater inhibition of disulfiram-treated Candida cultures, but the combination antagonizes the killing effects of disulfiram.