bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis and reconstruction of the revised formulations of the simplified and highly stable lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Lu Jinhua , Dai Chuanshan , Yu Peng
Published: October 2021

The present study aims to find the reason for the good numerical stability of the revised formulations of the simplified and highly stable lattice Boltzmann method (RSHSLBM) at high Reynolds number and reconstruct RSHSLBM in the macroscopic scale to overcome the limitation of uniform mesh. To this end, the macroscopic equations of RSHSLBM (MEs-RSHSLBM) with actual numerical dissipative terms are derived by approximating its actual computational process. By directly solving MEs-RSHSLBM with the least squares-based finite difference method, the limitation of uniform mesh can be easily overcome. Numerical investigations prove that those numerical dissipative terms help achieve good numerical stability at high Reynolds numbers of RSHSLBM. By retaining those numerical dissipative terms, the discretized MEs-RSHSLBM can recover the numerical stability and accuracy of RSHSLBM very well. Besides, the discretized MEs-RSHSLBM can be easily implemented on non-uniform meshes and achieve significantly higher computational efficiency.
Characterization of capillary waves: A review and a new optical method
Authors: Slavchov Radomir I. , Peychev Boyan , Ismail A. Said
Published: October 2021

The methods to study capillary waves have been reviewed together with the emerging practical applications of theirs and new theoretical developments in the field. The focus is on monochromatic ripples of frequency in the range 0.1–10 kHz. A capillary wave apparatus has been constructed that combines several recent advances on the technique. It is based on the profilometry of waves decaying with distance, with a high-speed video camera detecting the light refracted by the surface. A code to process the images has been developed, which executes a regression analysis to determine the characteristics of the wave. High precision and accuracy have been achieved: standard deviation from the mean of ±0.5% for the wavelength and ±7% for the decay length; mean deviations from the theoretical values ±0.2% for the wavelength and ±5% for the decay length. An analytic approximation for the dispersion relation has been used to determine the Gibbs elasticity of a surfactant monolayer from the data for decay length vs frequency. The elasticity of an octanol monolayer has been determined with precision of ±1 mN/m, in excellent agreement with the theoretical value. Surface tension can be measured from the wavelength data with precision of ±0.3 mN/m. It has been demonstrated that the effect of the surface elasticity on the wavelength is significant, and accurate wavelength data can actually be used to determine the elasticity if the surface tension is known.
Mammalian sperm hyperactivation regulates navigation via physical boundaries and promotes pseudo-chemotaxis
Authors: Zaferani Meisam , Suarez Susan S. , Abbaspourrad Alireza
Published: October 2021

Significance

Mammalian sperm migration within the female reproductive tract requires navigational mechanisms, through which sperm respond to biophysical and biochemical cues. Previous studies revealed that biophysical cues for sperm in the female reproductive tract include fluid flow, wall architecture, and temperature gradients. Here, by exploring bovine sperm motion in microfluidic reservoirs and by developing theoretical and computational models, we demonstrate that sperm motility hyperactivation, which is part of a process that prepares sperm in the female tract for fertilization and involves an increase in the asymmetry of sperm flagellar beating, modulates sperm–sidewall interactions and thus navigation via female tract wall architecture. Specifically, hyperactivation reduces the tendency of sperm to remain swimming along walls and promotes a response that resembles chemotaxis.
Kinetic proofreading of lipochitooligosaccharides determines signal activation of symbiotic plant receptors
Authors: Gysel Kira , Laursen Mette , Thygesen Mikkel B. , Lironi Damiano , Bozsóki Zoltán , Hjuler Christian T. , Maolanon Nicolai N. , Cheng Jeryl , Bjørk Peter K. , Vinther Maria , Madsen Lene H. , Rübsam Henriette , Muszyński Artur , Ghodrati Arshia , Azadi Parastoo , Sullivan John T. , Ronson Clive W. , Jensen Knud J. , Blaise Mickaël , Radutoiu Simona , Stougaard Jens , Andersen Kasper R.
Published: October 2021

Significance

Plant cell surface receptors perceive carbohydrate signaling molecules and hereby establish communication with surrounding microbes. Genetic studies have identified two different classes of lysin motif receptor kinases as gatekeepers that together trigger the symbiotic pathway in plants; however, no structural or functional data of the perception mechanisms switching these receptors from resting state into activation is known. In this study, we use structural biology, biochemical, and genetic approaches to demonstrate how the NFP/NFR5 class of lipochitooligosaccharide (LCO) receptors discriminate bacterial symbionts based on a kinetic proofreading mechanism that controls receptor activation and signaling specificity. We show that the LCO binding site can be engineered to support symbiotic functions, which greatly advance future opportunities for receptor engineering in legumes and nonlegumes.
The middle cingulate cortex and dorso-central insula: A mirror circuit encoding observation and execution of vitality forms
Authors: Di Cesare G. , Marchi M. , Lombardi G. , Gerbella M. , Sciutti A. , Rizzolatti G.
Published: October 2021

Significance

Vitality forms represent the different ways in which actions are performed (e.g., gentle, rude). They express the agent’s attitudes toward others. Previous data indicated that vitality forms of hand actions depend on the dorso-central insula. In the present study, we show that in addition to the insula, the middle cingulate cortex is also involved in hand action modulation. A voxel-based analysis highlighted that voxels showing a similar BOLD signal trend in both action observation and execution are present in both regions. Using a multifiber tractography investigation, we demonstrated that the dorso-central insula and middle cingulate cortex are anatomically connected. These data indicate that the modulation of the parieto-frontal circuit controlling hand actions relies on both the insula and cingulate sectors.
Are Dutch posture verbs lexical or functional elements?
Authors: Mulders Iris
Published: October 2021

In Dutch, posture verbs like liggen ‘lie’ and staan ‘stand’ are obligatorily
used in locative constructions with inanimate subjects, classifying the spatial Figure-Ground relation. Prima facie, in this use,
posture verbs seem more like functional elements than like lexical verbs.

This paper investigates processing of Dutch posture verbs in a reference resolution task in the visual world
paradigm, to get more clarity on the nature of these verbs. We know that lexical verbs like rinkelen ‘ring’ cause
anticipatory looks towards a matching target referent like telefoon ‘telephone’; and that they suppress looks to
a phonological competitor like telescoop ‘telescope’. The functional property of grammatical gender on
determiners (de vs. het) is less robust in directing looks. When it comes to anticipating the
target referent, and suppressing looks to a phonological competitor, do posture verbs pattern with lexical verbs, or with
functional elements like grammatical gender?
Temporal adverbial superlatives in Dutch
Authors: Tellings Jos
Published: October 2021

This paper investigates adverbial superlative expressions in Dutch that have a temporal interpretation, i.e. that contain the formseerst‘first’,laatst‘latest’, andvroegst‘earliest’. I focus on possessive superlatives and superlatives embedded under the prepositionvoor. Although both constructions contain bare superlatives and are interpreted temporally, they represent semantically and pragmatically different readings, and attach to the sentence in structurally different ways. I present a semantic analysis of both types of superlatives, and I show what this entails for how time adverbials interact with superlatives.
Taking the perspective of narrative characters
Authors: Vogels Jorrig , Bimpikou Sofia , Kapelle Owen , Maier Emar
Published: October 2021

An ongoing debate in the interpretation of referring expressions concerns the degree to which listeners make use
of perspective information during referential processing. We aim to contribute to this debate by considering perspective shifting
in narrative discourse. In a web-based mouse-tracking experiment in Dutch, we investigated whether listeners automatically shift
to a narrative character’s perspective when resolving ambiguous referring expressions, and whether different linguistic
perspective-shifting devices affect how and when listeners switch to another perspective. We compared perspective-neutral, direct,
and free indirect discourse, manipulating which objects are visible to the character. Our results do not show a clear effect of the
perspective shifting devices on participants’ eventual choice of referent, but our online mouse-tracking data reveal processing
differences that suggest that listeners are indeed sensitive to the conventional markers of perspective shift associated with
direct and (to a lesser degree) free indirect discourse.
French as a foreign language in the Netherlands
Authors: van Tessel Evi , Bril Marco
Published: October 2021

Exposure to English is more extensive in today’s society than to French. In this study we investigated crosslinguistic influences from Dutch and/or English to language performances in French as a foreign language, while controlling for language proficiency in French, English and Dutch, and exposure to English.

We tested Dutch learners of French (n = 65) with respect to the acceptability of reduced relative clauses and attachment preferences in full relative clauses. The results showed crosslinguistic influence in the acceptability task and the preference task from English and Dutch respectively. Furthermore, language proficiency in English seems to affect attachment preferences in French. We concluded that these findings support the Linguistic Proximity Model (Westergaard et al. 2017) and that French in Dutch secondary education might be a third language, instead of a second language.
Gratitude communication in academic written acknowledgement
Authors: Tang Chihsia
Published: October 2021

In the existing literature, no attempt has been made to inspect how men and women rhetorically manage their
gratitude communications in the academic written discourse. To bridge this knowledge gap, the present article examined how
students of different gender construct their thanking acts in the acknowledgements of their M.A. theses. Discrepancies between
male and female postgraduates’ employment of linguistic patterns and gratitude themes were compared. The results showed that
student writers’ gratitude communications to a certain extent are conditioned by the conventional rhetorical patterns of the
academic genre. Remarkable gender variations were evidenced in the students’ selections of lexical items for encoding the thanking
expressions, thanking modifiers, and gratitude themes of their acknowledgements. These gender discrepancies in gratitude
communications are highly pertinent to the social expectations of masculinity and femininity, the students’ psychological
orientations toward the emotion of thanking and their own value priorities.
Motivation and attitudes of Israeli Druze schoolchildren toward L2 Hebrew compared to Modern Standard
Arabic
Authors: Abbas Randa Khair , Vaknin-Nusbaum Vered
Published: October 2021

The present study examines the extent to which sociohistorical and political contexts influence the language
attitudes of Israeli-Druze students to Hebrew as L2 and to Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) in Arabic-speaking schools. It is a
pioneer explorative research study that compares students’ attitudes toward diglossia and L2. Using the Foreign Languages
Attitudes and Goals Survey (FLAGS), the attitudes of second, fifth, and ninth graders in two different Druze schools were
assessed. The results indicate a positive attitude towards L2 Hebrew, not only for instrumental purposes but also for integration
into Israel’s multicultural society. The positive attitude to L2 Hebrew is greater in older students, while the attitude to MSA
becomes more negative among older students. Their low motivation to learn cultural heritage MSA may contribute to an understanding
of how to teach it better or differently, as well as how to encourage future generations to learn it.
Withholding consent
Authors: van Burgsteden Lotte , te Molder Hedwig
Published: October 2021

This paper examines public meetings in the Netherlands where experts and officials interact with local residents
on the human health effects of livestock farming. Using Conversation Analysis, we reveal a ‘weapon of the weak’: a practice by
which the residents resist experts’ head start in information meetings. It is shown how residents draw on the given
question-answer format to challenge experts and pursue an admission of, for example, methodological shortcomings. We show how the
residents’ first question functions as a ‘foot-in-the-door’, providing them with a strong basis for skepticism. By systematically
challenging the expert responses, the residents exploit the interaction’s sequential organization, with the effect that the goal
becomes them being convinced rather than being informed. Consequently, the withholding of
consent becomes the residents’ ‘weapon’. Finally, we argue that in an age where expertise is increasingly contested, it is crucial
to understand how, and to what end, this contestation may occur.
Identity-mapping cascaded network for fMRI registration
Authors: Zhu Qiao Yun , Bai HanHua , Wu Yi , Zhou Yu Jia , Feng Qianjin
Published: October 2021

Neuroscience researches based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) rely on accurate inter-subject image registration of functional regions. The intersubject alignment of fMRI can improve the statistical power of group analyses. Recent studies have shown the deep learning-based registration methods can be used for registration. In our work, we proposed a 30-Identity-Mapping Cascaded network (30-IMCNet) for rs-fMRI registration. It is a cascaded network that can warp the moving image progressively and finally align to the fixed image. A Combination unit with an identity-mapping path is added to the inputs of each IMCNet to guide the network training. We implemented 30-IMCNet on an rs-fMRI dataset (1000 Functional Connectomes Project dataset) and a task-related fMRI dataset (Eyes Open Eyes Closed fMRI dataset). To evaluate our method, a group-level analysis was implemented in the testing dataset. For rs-fMRI, the criterions such as peak t-value of group-level t-maps, cluster-level evaluation, and intersubject functional network correlation were used to evaluate the quality of the registrations. For task-related fMRI, peak t-value in ALFF paired-t map and peak t-value in ReHo paired-t maps were used. Compared with traditional algorithm FSL, SPM, and deep learning algorithm Kim et al, Zhao et al our method has improvements of 48.90%, 30.73%, 36.38%, and 16.73% in the peak t value of t-maps. Our proposed method can achieve superior functional registration performance and thus gain a significant improvement in functional consistency.
Measurement of the fast ion distribution using active NPA diagnostics at the Globus-M2 spherical tokamak
Authors: Bakharev N N , Balachenkov I M , Chernyshev F V , Gusev V K , Kiselev E O , Kurskiev G S , Melnik A D , Minaev V B , Mironov M I , Nesenevich V G , Petrov Yu V , Sakharov N V , Shchegolev P B , Skrekel O M , Telnova A Yu , Tukhmeneva E A , Varfolomeev V I
Published: October 2021

Active NPA measurements of the fast ion distribution using the neutral beam as an additional charge exchange target are discussed. Expressions for the calculation of the NPA signal based on the fast ion distribution and for the reconstruction of the fast ion distribution from the NPA signal are provided. Demonstration of the described approach is carried out on the Globus-M2 spherical tokamak, where a scanning system for the NPAs was recently installed. Main features of the active NPA application on Globus-M2 are considered. The energy and spatial distributions of fast deuterium ions at dedicated pitch angles are obtained and compared with the calculated ones. Key traits of the obtained distributions are considered and explained.
Development of a novel spiral antenna system for low loop voltage current start-up at the Steady State Superconducting Tokamak (SST-1)
Authors: Basu Debjyoti , Raju Daniel , Singh Raj , Mukherjee Aparajita , Patel Manoj , Rathi Dharmendra , Trivedi R G , Vasava Kirit , Jadeja K A , Jayaswal Sneha P , Patel Vijaykumar N , Patnaik S K , Vasava Paresh , Subbarao Ajesh , Kadia Bhavesh , Parmar Kirit , George Siju , Paravastu Yuvakiran , R Dhanani Kalpesh , Bhavsar Chirag , Sharma Sudhir , Gopalakrishna M V , Bandyopadhyay Mainak , Shah Minsha , Gautam Pramila , Nimavat Hiren D , Thankey Prashant L , Khan Ziauddin , Raval Dilip
Published: October 2021

In general, superconducting tokamaks require low loop voltage current start-up for the safety purpose of their poloidal field coils. The loop voltage inside the vacuum vessel of Steady State Superconducting Tokamak (SST-1) is low in nature since its central solenoid is located outside the cryostat. The low loop voltage current start-up of the SST-1 is routinely performed by using the electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) method at the toroidal magnetic field

B

t

= 1.5 T (first harmonic) and 0.75 T (second harmonic). Recently, an alternative RF-based plasma current start-up system has been planned for operating the machine, especially for a higher toroidal magnetic field regime

1.5

T

⩽

B

t

⩽
3

T

. The system was already developed based on an antenna system, made of a series of combinations of two flat spiral antennas, to assist plasma current start-up at a lower inductive electric field. It has already been tested and installed in the SST-1 chamber. The system testing was performed without a background magnetic field within the frequency regime of 35 MHz–60 MHz at present. The test results show that it can produce an electron density of

n

e

≃

10

16

 

m

−
3

measured by the Langmuir probe at the expense of 500 W RF power. The spectroscopy results indicate its capability of producing plasma density greater than

10

13

 

m

−
3

and an electron temperature of

T

e

=
2

–6 eV. In addition, the results also show the presence of a turbulent electric field of the order of 106 V m−1 at the antenna center and a finite anomalous temperature of neutral particles. Calculations show that the obtained density is sufficient for SST-1 low loop voltage plasma breakdown. The antenna system is also capable of producing plasma at higher frequencies. This article will discuss the development of the prototype and the installed antenna system along with their test results in detail.
Energy density functional analysis of the fission properties of 240Pu: The effect of pairing correlations *
Authors: Chen Yong-Jing , Su Yang , Dong Guoxiang , Liu Li-Le , Ge Zhigang , Wang Xiaobao
Published: October 2021

We have calculated the potential energy surfaces for 240Pu up to the scission point using the density functional theory with different pairing strengths to investigate the effect of pairing correlations on its fission properties. An enhancement in the pairing correlations lowers the barrier heights, isomeric state, and ridge between the symmetric and asymmetric fission valleys significantly. Moreover, it weakens the microscopic shell structure around the Fermi surface, shrinks the scission frontiers, especially for the symmetric and very asymmetric fission regions, and lifts the total kinetic energies (TKEs) for the symmetric fission region. It is also emphasized that the microscopic calculation qualitatively reproduces the trend of the distribution of the measured TKEs, especially for the positions of the peaks at

and

.
Overview of the 28th International Conference on Vacuum Technique and Technology (VTT2021)
Authors: Kostrin D K , Martsinukov S A , Potrakhov N N
Published: October 2021

In this preface the main results of the 28th International Conference on Vacuum Technique and Technology (VTT2021) that was held on 22–24 June 2021 in Saint Petersburg, Russia are discussed.

List of Organizing Committee is available in this pdf.
Kinetic models for sensory response of multicomponent oxide nanomaterials with a hierarchical pore system
Authors: Averin I A , Karmanov A A , Pronin I A , Igoshina S E , Yakushova N D , Moshnikov V A
Published: October 2021

A kinetic model for sensory response of multicomponent oxide nanomaterials used as sensing elements of gas sensors and vacuum gauges is proposed. It is shown that gas-sensitive properties of nanomaterials depend both on their qualitative and quantitative composition, and morphostructure to determine the presence of a hierarchical pore system therein.
Modelling of working processes of non-contact oil free vacuum pumps by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods
Authors: Burmistrov A , Raykov A , Salikeev S , Kapustin E
Published: October 2021

Numerical mathematical models of non-contact oil free scroll, Roots and screw vacuum pumps are developed. Modelling was carried out with the help of software CFD ANSYS-CFX and program TwinMesh for dynamic meshing. Pumping characteristics of non-contact pumps in viscous flow with the help of SST-turbulence model were calculated for varying rotors profiles, clearances, and rotating speeds. Comparison with experimental data verified adequacy of developed CFD models.
Optical diagnostics of a dielectric surface discharge in the triggered vacuum gap using various dielectric materials
Authors: Davydov S G , Dolgov A N , Kozlov A A , Maksimov V A , Yakubov R Kh
Published: October 2021

High-speed imaging and visible light stereomicroscopy were applied to do researches, which allowed us to find out differences in a dielectric surface discharge behavior in the triggered vacuum gap, when various dielectric materials (mica, muscovite and corundum-type ceramics) were used. Images of the discharge and the erosion in the electrode systems were analized to reveal that at the discharge on the ceramics surface a material of electrodes was mostly involved as a plasma-forming matter and on the mica it is the dielectric material.
Intensive leak standards for helium leak detection
Authors: Fomin D M , Vinogradov M L
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the main reasons for the demand for gas leak standards with a flow range of 5⋅10-7 to 5⋅10-4 Pa⋅m3/s, for helium leak detection. The high flow Leak Standards Vactron VKT are presented.
Some features of the development of a deformation frequency- response vacuum gauge for measuring low absolute pressures
Authors: Kuvandykov R E , Chernyshenko A A
Published: October 2021

The article shows the tasks involved in developing a deformation frequency-response vacuum gauge for measuring low absolute pressures. The calculations of the parameters of the measuring transducer are given, which made it possible to create a competitive and inexpensive device.
Production and investigation of biological and photocatalytic activit multimodal nanopowders produced by pulsed electron beam evaporation in vacuum
Authors: Malova O A , Sokovnin S Yu , Il’ves V G
Published: October 2021

Nanopowders doped with silver were produced by the methode pulsed electron beam evaporation.
Distribution of the charged particles of a gas-discharge laser plasma in a transverse magnetic field. I. Calculation model
Authors: Martsinukov S A , Kostrin D K
Published: October 2021

The paper considers a physical and mathematical model describing the influence of an external transverse magnetic field on the distribution of charged particles in a positive column of a gas discharge. This model is developed in relation to the weakly ionized plasma of a gas-discharge laser. In this case, the plasma flow is considered as an analog of a liquid consisting of two practically independent components – electrons and ions.
Distribution of the charged particles of a gas-discharge laser plasma in a transverse magnetic field. II. Experimental study
Authors: Martsinukov S A , Kostrin D K
Published: October 2021

The paper presents an experimental verification of the adequacy of a physical and mathematical model describing the influence of an external transverse magnetic field on the distribution of the charged particles in a positive column of a gas discharge. A gas-discharge laser located in a transverse magnetic field was used to conduct the study. The vacuum installation allows pumping out the system and feeding the gas mixture into it under a certain pressure. The data obtained during the experiments differ from the calculated ones by no more than 4–5 %.
Tribological properties of ion-modified composite coatings
Authors: Migranov M Sh , Migranov A M , Shekhtman S R
Published: October 2021

The paper presents the results of a study of one of the ways to increase the wear resistance of “duplex” coatings applied to cutting tools, which are due to preliminary diffusion saturation of the tool surface with nitrogen (known as ion nitriding) followed by physical deposition of a hard coating (Ti, Cr) N. The proposed coating also contains an additional layer with an impurity of ions, deposited on a preliminary nitrided surface of high speed steel before the deposition of a hard coating. Tests were carried out to evaluate the effect of these modified layers on the tool life of the HSS tool. The greatest wear resistance after "triplex" - treatment was achieved during ion implantation of titanium into a pre-nitrided surface. The coefficient of friction of the modified layer was studied at different contact temperatures. Ionic mixing contributes to the appearance of a thin surface layer with an amorphous-like structure, which prolongs the stage of normal wear, which significantly increases the tool life as a result of the self-organization process.
Improvement of the high-conductivity diaphragm from the composition of the reference 1st category of vacuum gauge reduction VOU-1
Authors: Senatov D E , Chernyshenko A A
Published: October 2021

The article notes an increase in the number of new vacuum gauges undergoing primary verification at D. I. Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology VNIIM. The results are presented in the article in the form of a table reflecting the growth in the number of vacuum gauges of the most common modifications undergoing initial verification for the period from 2018 to the first quarter of 2021. There is also a diagram, which shows the overall growth in the number of new vacuum gauges undergoing initial verification The article mentions the principles of the measurements made by the reference installation of the 1st category of vacuum gauge reduction (VOU-1) The drawings of the installed diaphragms in of the system and as part of the improvement of the system, as well as a general calculation that shows how the properties of the system change after the diaphragm has been replaced.
Features of structure formation in sintered Ti2AlNb-based alloy produced by cold compaction and pressureless sintering
Authors: Senkevich K S , Pozhoga O Z , Serov M M
Published: October 2021

The possibility of obtaining a high-density Ti2AlNb-based alloy by cold compaction and pressureless sintering of rapidly solidified fibers of the alloy is studied in the initial state of fibers and after hydrogenation and milling. The possibilities of obtaining high-density sintered materials with lower oxygen content are analyzed.
Discharge modeling of a DC magnetron
Authors: Shabalin A E , Shapovalov V I
Published: October 2021

A two-dimensional simulation of a glow discharge of a dc magnetron operating in an argon is performed in this work. The “Plasm” and “Magnetic Fields/No Currents” modules of the COMSOL Multiphysics software package were used for modeling. All models are constructed within the framework of a stationary problem. Obtained results correspond to the physical concepts of the glow discharge of a balanced magnetron
Obtaining thin metal films and their compounds using magnetron sputtering and arc evaporation in a single technological cycle
Authors: Shashin D E , Sushentsov N I
Published: October 2021

The authors of the article consider the possibility of obtaining thin films using magnetron sputtering and arc evaporation. The prospects of combining these methods in a single processing unit for obtaining films with high performance characteristics have been shown.
Test algorithm to confirm the type of modern measuring devices for low absolute pressures and vacuum
Authors: Teteruk R A , Rodinov I I , Chernyshenko A A
Published: October 2021

The article provides information on the normative documentation applicable in the Russian Federation on the approval procedure of measuring devices, explains the procedure for carrying out tests for approval of the type of vacuum measuring devices at D. I. Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology VNIIM, summarized information about modern high-precision thermal (measuring range (1⋅10-2… 1.08⋅105) Pa, maximum permissible error of a measuring ±(10…50) %) and ionization (specified measuring range (1⋅10-7…1.3) Pa, maximum permissible error of a measuring ±(20…50) %) of vacuum gauges that have been tested for type approval since 2016. The information on the vacuum gauges contained in this article was published in the Federal Information Fund for Ensuring the Uniformity of Measurements.
Application features of the multi-wave optical diagnostics complex in the technology of laser metal deposition
Authors: Zavalov Y N , Dubrov A V
Published: October 2021

The features of the application of the multi-wave complex (MCOD) for optical diagnostics of physical processes under the action of laser radiation on the melt surface in the technology of laser deposition of metals (LMD) are considered. The registration of thermal radiation in different ranges of the optical spectrum is used in the MCOD to evaluate the geometric characteristics of the melt pool and determine the maximum temperature of the melt pool Tmax
. The dependences of the track height and the width of the melt pool on Tmax
are obtained for different values of the scanning speed. It is shown that in the speed range from 5 to 8 mm/s, the track height practically does not change while maintaining Tmax
.
Income analysis of coconut farming with land diversification in North Minahasa Regency
Authors: Dumais J N K , Kaunang R , Lumingkewas J , Rori Y
Published: October 2021

North Minahasa Regency is the second-largest coconut plant center in North Sulawesi, with a coconut plantation area of 44,886 ha in 2018 (North Sulawesi Province in Figures, 2018). The plantation of coconut in North Minahasa Regency is a plantation of the people traditionally managed. Less development of rejuvenation coconut plantation causes an increase in the proportion of coconut plantation that its age relatively old has been cut down because it is not productive anymore. Cutting down is causing an increase in unproductive land under the coconut tree. This land can be used to grow other plants such as corn, papaya, chilli, ginger, banana and economic plants that will increase the income of coconut’s farmer. The objective of this research is to: 1) assess and analyze the existing condition of diversification and revenue land farming coconut exists in the District of Minahasa Utara; 2) calculate and compare the income per hectare of any diversification of land farming coconuts in the District of Minahasa Utara, and 3) produce a recommendation policy that is associated with alternative types of diversification of land farming coconuts in the District of Minahasa Utara. Research result showed five types of income diversification of land, namely crop monoculture of coconut processed into copra. Crop monoculture of coconut processed into coconut grain, coconut processed into coconut grain with corn, coconut into coconut grain with papaya, coconut processed into coconut grain with chilli. Farming that gives the highest income is coconut processed into coconut grain with papaya.
The Strategy of guava agribusiness development in Kendal Regency using a business model canvas
Authors: Khamdi A , Roessali W , Mukson
Published: October 2021

Kendal is the area in Central Java with the most red guava fruit production, according to the Central Bureau of Statistics Republic of Indonesia. The production of red guava in Kendal Regency increased from 97,050 to 222,548 quintals between 2014 and 2016. In 2017, output fell to 137,671 quintals; however, in 2018, production rose to 159,079 quintals, still falling short of the previous year's total. This study used a business model canvas (BMC) methodology and SWOT analysis to map the existing red guava agribusiness business model and create a development plan for it. The interpretation of the SWOT diagram shows that guava farmers in four districts of Kendal Regency are in quadrant I, which indicates that they are in growth conditions with good opportunities and strengths to support the expansion of a red guava business. BMC demonstrates the need for additional consumer segments in order to reduce wholesaler dependence with several strategies. 1) Expansion of the trading network (2) Increasing key resources, (3) Adding key activity, such as regulating the harvest period for red guava and post-harvest processing. (4) Value proposition, by improving the quality of red guava
The Effect of polyethylene glycol concentration on some varieties of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) in enhancing the germination viability
Authors: Wahyudin C I , Mahulette A S , Nendissa J I , Makaruku M H , Mariati W D , Haitami A , Desrihastuti  , Febrianti  , Pratiwi Arby’in
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study was to see the interaction between the concentration of Polyethylene Glycol and various varieties of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) On plant germination. This study used a completely randomized factorial design with 3 replications. The factors used for the study were varieties of kenaf (Karang Proso 6, Karang Proso 9 and Karang Proso 15) and the concentration of Polyethylene Glycol (0, 3, 5, and 7 ppm). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (F test) using least significant difference (LSD) test of 5%. There was an interaction between the concentration of Polyethylene Glycol and kenaf varieties on germination power. Karang Proso 9 variety was consistent with several concentrations of Polyethylene Glycol which had higher germination compared to other varieties. Polyethylene Glycol concentration did not affect hypocotyl length, seed germination uniformity, dry weight of the varieties of Karang Proso 6, Karang Proso 9 and Karang Proso 15.
Physical and mechanical properties of cement-bonded particleboard made from squander of paper
Authors: Maail R S , Fransz J J , Titarsole J
Published: October 2021

The objectives of this study were to assess and explain the usage of squander paper as a selective crude material in the production of cement-bonded particleboard (CBP) and to decide its physical and mechanical properties. The two treatment factors were used such as squander of paper types (A4 paper sheets, newspaper and cardboard) and CaCl2 as chemical accelerator agents (in concentrations of 2%, 4% and 6% according to the weight of cement) with proportions mixed of cement - squander of paper - water about 2.5:1:1,25. The result indicated that the squander of paper types and the concentration of CaCl2 have affected the physical and mechanical properties of CBP. The board which produced using cardboard with the proportions of materials (2.5:1:1.25) and accelerator CaCl2 about of 6% were satisfied all the requirement standard of JIS A 5417 1992 and have the most physical and mechanical properties values.
Characteristics of yellow sweet potato flakes (Ipomoea batatas L.) with the addition of moringa leaf flour (Moringa oleifera)
Authors: Augustyn G H , Lawalata V N , Sipahelut S G
Published: October 2021

Flakes made from yellow sweet potato flour are one of the products with the addition of moringa leaf flour to increase the added value of the two commodities. The purpose of this study was to characterize the chemical and organoleptic properties of yellow sweet potato flakes with the addition of moringa leaf flour and determine the best treatment. This research was designed using a Completely Randomized Design with the addition of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% moringa leaf flour, and repeated twice. The results showed that the addition of 4% moringa leaf flour was the best treatment because it was following SNI, with chemical characteristics of 3.43% moisture content, 1.88% ash content, 7.24% fat content, 2.05% protein content, 80.54% carbohydrate content, 4.81% fiber content and organoleptic characteristics of color (3.93 like), taste (3.76 like), aroma (3.40 like), crispness (3.90 like), and overall (3.90 like).
Scoring system as an alternative audit method in food safety management system certification body
Authors: Wahyuni H D , Nurjanah S , Rahayu W P
Published: October 2021

Differences between auditor perceptions often occur in the audit process of the management system, even auditors from the Food Safety Management System Certification Body (FSMS CB). The auditor as an assessor is able to influence strongly to the audit report. A scoring system is a quantitative approach in auditing to eliminate subjectivity and impartiality in the auditor’s assessment. The purpose of this research was producing an internal audit checklist with a scoring system, obtaining the diversity of the auditors’ assessment on the gap analysis in FSMS CB (PT XYZ), and getting information on the sources of the diversity on the gap analysis results. The research scope was ISO/IEC 17021-1:2015 process requirements. The research method consisted of 3 steps, they were: preparation, data analysis, and cause-effect analysis. The auditors’ total scores were in the same category, which was the good category (X≥73.2%), and not significantly different at the 0.05 significance level. The diversity in the auditors’ assessment was found in 4 sub-clauses (9.1, 9.2, 9.5, and 9.9). The sources of diversity in the auditors’ assessment were personnel and tool. It could reduce by increasing the auditors’ competence and improving the internal audit system from PT XYZ.
Contribution of home-garden farming to household income and its sustainability in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia
Authors: Irham  , Gusfarina D S , Widada A W , Nurhayati A
Published: October 2021

Farming is nowadays intensively developed in urban areas. Home-garden has excellent potential in supporting household food sufficiency and providing aesthetic value for the household economy. This study's objectives are: (1) to estimate home-garden farming's contribution to household income and (2) to determine the Sustainability of home-garden farming in Yogyakarta City. The research was carried out in the city center and fringe area covering seven districts of Yogyakarta City. The sample was 113 households that utilized their home-garden for farming as the members of farmer groups. Data were analyzed using a simple statistical calculation to determine the contribution of home-garden farming income. Farming sustainability data were categorized into ecological, economic, and social dimensions using a Likert scale. The results of the study showed that the contribution of home-garden farming to household income was 0.81%. This value is relatively small because the land is very narrow. Also, the primary purpose is not for sale. Home-garden farming, both in the city centre and in the suburbs, has a high level of Sustainability, which is indicated by the economic dimension (79.11%), the ecological dimension (78.71%), and the social dimension (84.12%).
Level of escherichia coli contamination of broiler chicken meat in Ambon City Market
Authors: Liur I J , Veerman M
Published: October 2021

Chicken meat is a source of animal protein that is very popular with all people, especially in Indonesia. The meat also contains nutrients that are good for the body. However, broiler meat also has a weakness because it is a food that is easily damaged; most of the damage is caused by poor handling, thus providing opportunities for growth microbes. Broiler meat is easily contaminated by various microorganisms that are in the environment. This study aimed to determine the level of microbial contamination in broiler chicken meat in the Ambon city market. The study used a random sampling technique and used 12 samples from the market in Ambon city. Parameters of microbiologic status observed total plate count and E. coli. Data were described descriptively. The result showed that total plate count (TPC) and E-coli was not more than the standard. The microbial contamination of broiler chicken meat markets in Ambon city was not in excess with the National Standardization Agency (NSA, 2009). Thus, broiler meat is safe for consumption.
Nutmeg Cultivation Intensity (Myristica fragrans Houtt) in Banda District
Authors: Wattimena A Y , Makaruku M H , Kembauw E , Mahulette A S
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine and analyze the components of nutmeg cultivation at the farm level. The method used in the study was a survey method of plant cultivation. Sampling was done by using the multistage random sampling method. The area of reserach selected uses the pivate area startification. Each village was randomly sampled as many as 10 farmers, the total number of which was 20 sampled farmers. The results showed that farmers in Lonthor Village and Selamong Village, Banda Subdistrict, had not fully carried out intensive nutmeg cultivation that included land cultivation, seeding, fertilization, maintenance and post-harvest processing. This is because the existing nutmeg plants generally inherited from their parents so that it affects the decreased nutmeg production.
The characteristic anda feasibility of Banda’S nutmeg agro-industry in Banda Island of Maluku Province
Authors: Lawalata M , Timisela N R , Turukay M , Leatemia E D , Luhukay J M
Published: October 2021

This research aims to identify the characteristics of the agro-industrial business of Banda’s manufactured nutmeg pulp products and to analyze the income and feasibility of the agro-industrial business of Banda’s manufactured nutmeg pulp products. The results show that agroindustry is feasible to develop because the average value of ratio B-C is 1,8. The feasibility of investment analysis shows that the NVP value is Rp.2.569.750, the IRR value is 36,24%, the value of Ratio Net B/C is 1,8, and the payback period is 3,44. Based on the analysis of the factors that influence nutmeg agroindustry producer’s income rates, the factors include raw material prices, supporting material prices, production, labor wages, and working capital. The determination coefficient is 55,7, which means that the income rates are influenced by the variable of ages, the education levels, the number of family members, the business experiences, and the business capitals counted as 55,7 %. The rest 44, 3 %, is influenced by the other factors out of the model.
Response of growth and yield of two soybean varieties to seed pre-treatment applications
Authors: Herawati N , Aisah A R , Mardian I , Hidayah B N , Erawati B T R
Published: October 2021

Plant growth is influenced by seed quality. Seeds need to be treated to prevent pest and disease disorders or to increase seed germination. Soybean planting was carried out in this study by the treatment of varieties and seed pre-treatment application before planting. The study aimed to measure the growth and yield of soybeans by varieties and seed treatment before planting, carried out in the Village of Nggembe, District of Bolo, Bima Regency. The study used factorial randomized block design with two factors. The first factor was soybean varieties consisting of two levels, namely Devon and Dena varieties, and the second factor was the application of pre-planting seed treatments consisting of four levels namely Cruiser, Marshall, Agrisoy, and without seed treatment, each treatment was repeated three times. Observations were made on the performance of agronomic crops and soybean yields. The results showed that the treatment of soybean varieties and the application of seed treatment had a significant influence on plant height and soybean productivity, and both treatments had interactions on parameters of plant height, number of filled pods, weight of 100 seeds, and soybean productivity with the best results successively produced by a combination of Devon-Control, Devon-Marshall, Devon-Agrisoy, and Dena-Cruiser.
Drought stress and K effects on contents of soil water and organic matter, CEC, exchangeable-K, yield and water productivity of sweet corn on Inceptisols
Authors: Nurlaeny N , Herdiyantoro D , Putra R M , Ratuliami N , Pratiwi W N , Nurfadilah F S
Published: October 2021

The research was conducted to study the effects of drought stress and K fertilizer on plant growth, contents of soil water (SWC) and organic matter (SOM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), K-exchange, yield and water productivity of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) grown in Inceptisols. The research was conducted on a plastic house in a controlled culture experiment field, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran using a factorial randomized block design (RBD). The first factor was the four percentages of drought stress (0%, 20%, 40% and 60%). The second factor was three levels of KCl dose (1, 1.25 and 1.50 times the recommended dose of 50 kg ha−1 KCl). The treatment combinations were repeated three times. The interaction between 20-40% drought stress and 1.50 times dose of KCl had a significant effect on stem diameter and independently this KCl dose affected the leaf numbers, but without drought stress. The treatment without drought stress resulted in highest plant height and leaf area index, while drought stress of 40-60% gave higher SOM and CEC, even in 60% drought stress showed a higher exchangeable K. The application of 1.25 times dose of KCl caused higher K-uptake, while the treatment of 40% drought stress gave higher water productivity.
Centella asiatica tendril growth of Samosir – Indonesia accession
Authors: Vinolina N S , Sigalingging R
Published: October 2021

Medicinal plants often used is pegagan (Centella asiatica). Due to the benefits of pegagan, it is important to know the growth of this plant in detail, in this case, the growth of tendrils, which is, of course, related to biomass production. Plant materials are needed that are guaranteed production levels and quality by applying recommended cultivation. This study was proposed to understand the influence of phosphorus on the growth of pegagan tendrils. This research was conducted using a single factor with six levels of P2O5 fertilizer dosage with a non-factorial randomized block design repeated 3 times. The 6 levels of fertilizer dosage are 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 kg P2O5/ha. The treatment of phosphorus (F) at 3-12 WAP did not reveal a prominent influence on the number of the primary tendrils; however, phosphorus's application affects the growth component of the primary tendril length in acid soil conditions. Pegagan can still grow well even though the land conditions are very acidic.