bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Butir, Pilihan, dan Reliabilitas Tes Prestasi Bahasa Inggris selama Covid-19
Authors: Zakiyah Zakiyah , Jamillah Jamillah
Published: December 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkap karakteristik ulangan bahasa Inggris semester dua siswa kelas VIII SMPN 2 Semarang tahun ajaran 2017/2018. Ciri-cirinya adalah kesukaran soal, pembedaan soal, alternatif berupa kunci jawaban dan pengecoh, dan reliabilitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif untuk mengungkap karakteristik tes. Teknik analisis data menggunakan iteman versi 3.00. Data diperoleh dari wawancara dan dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Soal kesukaran item mencapai 23 item (57,5%) kategori mudah, 12 item (30%) kategori sedang, 5 item (12,5%) kategori sulit. (2) Diskriminasi item mencapai 9 item (22,5%) yang termasuk kategori buruk, 9 item (22,5%) kategori cukup, 17 item (42,5%) kategori baik, 5 item (12,5%) kategori sangat baik. (3) Berdasarkan alternatif, tes memiliki 65 pengecoh tidak efektif dan 55 pengecoh efektif. Soal yang memiliki semua pengecoh efektif hanya 7 butir. Untuk kunci jawaban terdapat 2 kunci jawaban dari 40 kunci jawaban yang harus di cross check. Yaitu soal nomor 3 dan soal nomor 38. (4) Reliabilitas tes adalah 0,717.
Menggunakan Quizizz untuk Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: M.Pd Prof. Dr. Suwarto,
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar bahasa Indonesia siswa dengan menggunakan Quizizz. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan dua siklus. Terdapat tiga kali pertemuan dalam setiap siklusnya. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 22 siswa kelas 8A SMP MTA Gemolong Sragen, Jawa Tengah. Para peneliti menggunakan tiga instrumen untuk mengumpulkan data , yaitu tes, lembar observasi, dan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prestasi belajar bahasa Indonesia siswa dapat ditingkatkan dengan menggunakan Quizizz. Peningkatan nilai rata-rata hasil pre-tes dari 57,73 dan pos-tes 75 pada siklus I, dan nilai rata-rata pre-tes 60,00 dan pos-tes 81,36 pada siklus II. Hasil uji-t pada siklus I dan siklus II signifikan, sedangkan persentase ketuntasan pada pra siklus, siklus I, dan siklus II juga meningkat secara signifikan. Kata-kata Kunci : Quizizz , prestasi belajar bahasa Indonesia
Menulis Cerita Pendek dengan Model Pembelajaran “CANTIK” Bagi Siswa SMA Negeri 1 Tawangsari Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020
Authors: Setyaningsih Yuni
Published: December 2021

This study aims to 1) find out the technique of writing short stories with the "CANTIK" learning model, 2) improve students' skills in writing short stories. In this study, the subjects were teachers and students of class XI MIPA1 SMA N 1 Tawangsari in the even semester of the 2019/2020 school year. The object of research in general is the implementation of learning to write short stories. The data obtained by the technique of giving short story writing assignments, observation and documentation. The data were analyzed using a qualitative description method, namely data presentation and conclusion drawing/verification. The results showed that learning to write short stories in class XI MIPA1 SMA N 1 Tawangsari in the even semester of the 2019/2020 school year was carried out based on the 2013 Curriculum, the Indonesian language learning syllabus for class XI, and was carried out according to the Indonesian RPP for short story text teaching materials. The obstacles faced in learning to write short stories are 1) the implementation of the right learning model in learning to write short stories, 2) the low motivation of students in participating in short story writing lessons, 3) decreased concentration of students when learning Indonesian is scheduled in the final hours. learning. The ways to overcome these obstacles are 1) the application of learning methods to write short stories that are appropriate and interesting for students, 2) provide motivation and enlightenment to students about the benefits of having the ability to write short stories in everyday life. 4) variations in the allocation of learning schedules for writing short stories.
Oulipo Temsilcisi Hervé Le Tellier’nin Anomalie Adlı Romanında Tür Alıştırmaları
Authors: KARTAL GÜNGÖR Tülin
Published: December 2021

2020 yılında Fransa’nın önemli edebiyat ödüllerinden Goncourt ödülünü alan çağdaş Fransız yazarlardan Hervé Le Tellier’nin en önemli özelliği Oulipyen etkinliğe olan güçlü bağlılıktır. Yazarın Oulipyen bir yapıda sonsuz sonuçları olan olasılıklar romanı olarak nitelenebilecek Anomalie (Anomali) adlı yapıtında türler içi içe geçerek karmaşık ve melez bir yapı oluşturur. Kara Roman, Yeni Roman, Natüralist Roman, Aşk Romanı, Bilim Kurgu, Felsefi, Ruhsal ve Varoluşçuluk Romanı gibi pek çok tür, aynı yapıt içinde deneyimlenerek büyük bir üst tablo oluşturulmak üzere kurgulanmıştır. Le Tellier, tür alıştırmaları yapmak üzere bilinçli olarak çeşitli sınırlamalar getirerek romanı çok katmanlı bir yapıya kavuşturur. Çalışmada, Oulipyen metinlerin genel kuramsal çerçevesi tanımladıktan sonra çağdaş Fransız yazar Hervé Le Tellier’nin Anomalie adlı yapıtında yer alan yazın türleri belirlenmeye çalışılacaktır. Romanın ilk bölümünde alt başlıklar olarak verilen on karakter tek tek incelenerek her bir karakterin hangi roman türü denemesine örnek oluşturduğu yorumlanıp, yapıttaki Oulipo ve metinlerarasılık izleri aranacaktır.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Sosyal Görünüm Kaygıları ve Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları
Authors: ÖZKAN Arif Mert , ÇEKİÇ Aslı , ÇEPİKKURT Fatma
Published: December 2021

Bu araştırma; üniversite öğrencilerinin sosyal görünüm kaygısı ve sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları arasındaki ilişkiyi bazı demografik değişkenlere göre incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Araştırma, kesitsel ve ilişkisel tarama modelinde betimsel bir araştırmadır. Araştırmaya 220 kız (Xage = 24.57) ve 237 erkek (Xage = 22) olmak üzere toplam 457 üniversite öğrenicisi katılmıştır. Araştırmada “Demografik Bilgi Formu”, “Sosyal Görünüm Kaygı Ölçeği” ve “Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları-II Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistikler, t-testi ve Pearson Korelasyon Analizi uygulanmıştır.
Araştırmada, sosyal görünüm kaygısı ve sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları toplam ölçek puanının cinsiyete göre farklılaşmadığı; ancak kişilerarası ilişkiler ve sağlık sorumluluğu puanlarında cinsiyete göre anlamlı farklılık olduğu görülmüştür. Sosyal görünüm kaygısı ve sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları ölçeğinin sağlık sorumluluğu, fiziksel aktivite, beslenme, manevi gelişim, kişilerarası ilişkiler ve stres yönetimi alt boyut puanlarının egzersiz yapma durumuna göre farklılaştığı bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, yapılan korelasyon analizi sonuçları üniversite öğrencilerinin sosyal görünüm kaygıları ile sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları arasında negatif yönde düşük düzeyli ilişki olduğunu göstermiştir.Üniversite öğrencilerinde egzersize katılımın sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarını desteklediği ve sosyal görünüş kaygısını azalttığı söylenebilir. Ayrıca sosyal görünüş kaygısının sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları ile olumsuz bir ilişki ortaya koyduğu ifade edilebilir.
A Hive of Her Own: Early Modern Women Beekeepers
Authors: Garner Shannon Jane
Published: December 2021

While much important work has been done on the early modern fascination with the political nature of bees and bee societies, this essay instead takes a closer look at the conflation of honeybees, women, and domestic spaces within the multi-generic textual ecology of early modern beekeeping. In the early modern period women were the primary beekeepers. As key participants in this art of sustained and intimate collaboration across species and environment, these women managed their own hives using the multifaceted skills of the early modern housewife, including textile arts, brewing, distilling, medicine, horticulture, and husbandry. This essay highlights the tension between knowledgeable women apiarists and male textual authorities in early modern apiary treatises and husbandry manuals and focuses on the persistent descriptive slippage between both bees and women and the hive and home in early modern sources. In early modern texts women’s bodies, domestic spaces, and hives are all over-determined entities invested in containment, preservation, and productivity. This essay emphasizes the ways in which early modern women and the occupants of the hives they cared for resisted and worked within the allegorical, anthropocentric, and patriarchal frameworks provided for them in the textual narratives of the early modern period.
Reconstructing Ita at Schaffhausen
Authors: Fozi Shirin
Published: December 2021

The Nellenburg family looms large in the historical memory of Schaffhausen. Count Eberhard (ca. 1015-1078/1079) and his wife Ita (d. ca. 1105) had transformed the small city with their patronage, most notably through the foundation of the monastery of Allerheiligen; their children held prominent military and ecclesiastical positions across the Lake Constance region. Together with their son Burkhard, his wife Hedwig, and a cousin known as Irmentrud, Eberhard and Ita were buried prominently in Allerheiligen; their collective funerary monument is one of the earliest and most ambitious of its type that is known from the twelfth century. The monument, however, has only survived in pieces: twentieth-century excavations uncovered two effigies for men and a small fragment of a head from a woman’s effigy, usually identified as Ita. The male figures, largely intact, have received ample scholarly attention from art historians, but the presence of women in the family grave has been overlooked thanks to the near-total loss of their monuments. A recent reconstruction sought to ameliorate this situation by adding a body to complete the fragmentary female head, using the contemporaneous Quedlinburg effigies as a model. The resulting modern monument is beautifully executed and visually gratifying, but like all facsimiles it complicates our view of the original. This article questions the relationship of the fragmentary head and its reception in relation to Ita, whose historical position has been privileged at the expense of her daughter-in-law Hedwig and cousin Irmentrud; it also highlights contextual differences that make the imperial canoness effigies of Quedlinburg a complicated model for reimagining the Schaffhausen women. The goal is not to dismiss the reconstruction but rather to probe the underlying assumptions that continue to impact how medieval bodies, and women’s bodies in particular, are projected into the modern world.
Arcilla cocida como agregado fino para mejorar las propiedades mecánicas del hormigón estructural
Authors: Chavarria Reyes Liliana Janet , Chavarry Vallejos Carlos , Valencia Gutiérrez Andrés , Pereyra Salardi Enriqueta , Hurtado Iglesias Christian
Published: December 2021

En el estudio titulado “Arcilla cocida como agregado fino para mejorar las propiedades mecánicas del hormigón estructural”,   se tuvo en consideración relaciones agua/cemento entre 0,55 y 0,65 para una resistencia a la comprension axial de f´c =210 kg/cm2. En la presente investigación se tuvo en cuenta que este material es afectado por la presencia de altas concentraciones de cloruros y sulfatos, por su alta porosidad y permeabilidad que lo vuelven fragil y debil no recomendable para estructuras con refuerzo armado. Se sustituyó el agregado natural fino por arcilla cocida en diferentes proporciones (0, 15, 20 y 25%) analizando las propiedades químicas de la arcilla, así como las propiedades mecánicas del hormigón endurecido (flexión, tensión y compresión a los 28 días). Los resultados de los ensayos indican la viabilidad de utilizar arcilla  cocida molida como agregado fino para la elaboración de hormigón estructural, siempre y cuando no supere el 25% del agregado natural fino; además las resitencias aumentaron en un 1,5% a la flexión, 3,2% tensión y un 8,6% a la compresión axial.
Palabras claves: Hormigón estructural; arcilla cocida; agregado fino; agregado grueso; propiedades mecánicas; asentamiento del hormigón.
Evaluación Exegética del Sistema de Gasificación Tipo Downdraft de 5 kW para su Aplicación en un Proceso de Cogeneración y el Efecto Producido en el Gas de Síntesis
Authors: Ausay Oleas Bryan Javier , Ushiña Pacha Alex David , Gutierrez Gualotuña Eduardo Roberto
Published: December 2021

En este artículo se presentan los resultados investigativos sobre el efecto que se produce en las propiedades del gas de síntesis que se obtiene como resultado de un proceso de gasificación downdraft de biomasa, al trabajar con un sistema de cogeneración interno al reactor. Se realizó un estudio de los trabajos previos relacionados, a partir de los cuales se determinaron las variables de tipo dependiente e independientes necesarias para evaluar la calidad final del gas del proceso en presencia y ausencia de cogeneración. Para ello, se implementó un diseño estadístico experimental de cuatro niveles de tipo 4n, el cual permitió la realización de un análisis estadístico comparativo de los estados de trabajo del gasificador. Por otra parte, se presenta un análisis energético y exergético de ambos estados donde se puede comprobar las potencialidades y la disponibilidad energética que tiene el proceso de gasificación para reutilizar energía térmica mediante la incorporación de un sistema de cogeneración.
Determinación y Evaluación de la Temperatura de Pirolización para el Proceso de Cogeneración en Gasificación tipo Downdraft con el Uso de Redes Neuronales Artificiales (RNA).
Authors: Gutierrez Gualotuña Eduardo Roberto , Solis Cornejo Edison , Llamatumbi Pinán German
Published: December 2021

En el presente estudio se realizó el control de la temperatura de pirolización en un proceso de gasificación de la madera de eucalipto, su predicción se realiza a parir de los parámetros de operación del reactor para asegurar la obtención de un gas de síntesis con la calidad requerida. Se muestran los resultados obtenidos del modelado matemático para la predicción de la temperatura de pirólisis con la utilización de técnicas de inteligencia artificial y el desarrollo de redes neuronales artificiales, con datos experimentales del proceso. Por ello se implementó un diseño estadístico experimental de tipo 3n, con dos réplicas adicionales, mediante el cual se realizaron los entrenamientos de una red neuronal artificial capaz de predecir la temperatura de pirólisis en un gasificador de tipo downdraft con cogeneración. La predicción de la temperatura de pirólisis tiene error de 4,6 oC y un ajuste del 93,71 %, valores adecuados sobre este parámetro de trabajo.
Modelamiento matemático del acero líquido entrante a un contenedor en procesos de fundición tradicional
Authors: Portalatino Zevallos Jube Ciro , Zambrano Fernández Marcos
Published: December 2021

En el presente trabajo es desarrollado un modelo matemático que involucra las ecuaciones de la mecánica de fluidos y la ecuación de energía para determinar el campo de temperatura del acero líquido ingresando a un contenedor a solidificarse, situación comúnmente encontrada en procesos de producción de acero en la actualidad. A través de técnicas matemáticas se obtiene una expresión simplificada de la ecuación de energía donde un parámetro no dimensional , conocido como el numero de Peclet, permite determinar la relación entre el transporte del calor por convección a su transmisión por conducción en el interior del molde que contiene el acero en estado líquido. Usando el método de diferencias finitas el modelo matemático propuesto es resuelto numéricamente para visualizar el proceso de enfriamiento del acero líquido, desde el momento inicial hasta el inicio del proceso de solidificación. Asimismo, los cómputos numéricos son llevados a cabo mediante GNU-Octave, el cual es un entorno de programación para la computación científica, el cual permitió realizar la visualización de los resultados en diferentes tiempos del proceso.
Una revisión sobre la diversidad microbiana y su rol en el compostaje aerobio
Authors: Vásquez Castro Ernestina Rosario , Millones Chanamé Carlos Eduardo
Published: December 2021

Desde las primeras publicaciones sobre el estudio de los microorganismos en el compostaje, a la actualidad el avance es impresionante, debido a que los métodos microbiológicos y de biología molecular han servido para identificar la estructura de las comunidades microbianas durante el proceso. La interacción de parámetros fisicoquímicas y el tipo de sistema de compostaje, determinan las variaciones en la diversidad y abundancia de las especies microbianas. La actividad metabólica principalmente de bacterias y hongos, permite la degradación de la materia orgánica y contribuyen a la maduración del compost, principal producto del compostaje aerobio. En este proceso, las bacterias son el grupo más abundante, abarcando los Phyla Proteobacterias, Firmicutes, Actinobacterias y Bacteroidetes, seguido por los hongos, principalmente el phylum Ascomycota. El interés en la inoculación del compostaje con microorganismos exógenos, es cada vez mayor, por los beneficios que aportan gracias a su actividad metabólica, principalmente lignocelulolítica y  en el mejoramiento de la calidad del compost, disminuyendo el tiempo de compostaje. Se presenta una revisión sobre la diversidad microbiana durante el compostaje y el rol que cumplen los microorganismos endógenos y aquellos inoculadas, con el objetivo de brindar una perspectiva sobre la situación actual y el abordaje de nuevos retos relacionados al potencial empleo de los microorganismos del compostaje.
Políticas de in/exclusão escolar no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Basta Leandro , Sakaue Suzana Marssaro Santos , Souza Kellcia Rezende
Published: December 2021

Em escala global a pandemia do novo coronavírus (Covid-19) trouxe mudanças significativas no cenário social, político, econômico e educacional. Por isso, no âmbito educacional, as unidades escolares de diversos países tiveram que fechar as suas portas para garantir o isolamento social como medida para frear a disseminação do vírus. Assim, as instituições de ensino adotaram as aulas remotas como estratégia para reduzir os impactos provocados pela pandemia. Consequentemente, essa mudança repercutiu na dinâmica de trabalho docente e nos processos de ensino-aprendizagem e, nessa vertente, grupos de alunos vulneráveis, como os casos dos estudantes com deficiência tiveram ameaçadas a garantia do direito à educação escolar, uma vez que essas alterações acentuaram as desigualdades sócio-educacionais. Diante dessa problematização, esse estudo visa refletir sobre a demanda de políticas públicas para a oferta da educação especial a partir dos desafios desencadeados pelo contexto da pandemia de Covid-19. Para tanto, realizamos uma pesquisa documental e bibliográfica de natureza descritiva a partir do confronto de dados sobre o panorama histórico das políticas públicas educacionais voltadas às pessoas com deficiência no Brasil e as normativas de oferta educacional no contexto da pandemia. Denota-se que a demanda para a regulamentação de políticas educacionais que propiciem a efetividade da educação inclusiva, principalmente, em situações emergenciais como a pandemia de Covid-19.
O que dizem os estudantes sobre papel de gênero: um estudo comparativo na Universidade Federal de Sergipe e na Universidade da Madeira
Authors: Brazão José Paulo Gomes , Dias Alfrancio Ferreira
Published: December 2021

Este artigo apresenta uma análise da subcategoria de papel de gênero, no decurso de um estudo comparativo na Universidade da Madeira, UMa (Portugal) e na Universidade Federal de Sergipe, UFS (Brasil) sobre “Vozes dos estudantes universitários sobre a diversidade sexual e de gênero, sua relação com a coeducação e com a inovação pedagógica.” Em termos metodológicos foi adotada uma abordagem qualitativa, com aplicação de um questionário com questões abertas e fechadas e o visionamento de um vídeo curto de enquadramento do tema. Foi feita a análise de conteúdo aos dados obtidos. Os resultados comparados mostram que tanto os ex-estudantes da UMa como os da UFS valorizam o conceito de papel de gênero e reconhecem a necessidade de discuti-lo. Utilizam expressões idênticas quando fazem considerações valorativas sobre este conceito. No entanto verifica-se que há um envolvimento maior dos ex-estudantes da Universidade Federal de Sergipe na discussão deste tema. Em oposição, as respostas dos ex-estudantes na Universidade da Madeira confirmam a pouca adesão a essa iniciativa. Também se observa que a maioria dos ex-estudantes da UFS tem uma forte consciência dos constrangimentos que a vivência do papel de gênero acarreta, fora dos padrões sociais estereotipados. Isso pode ser justificado por experienciarem contextos sociais predominantemente paternalistas, com a presença de tabus sobre esta temática e que dificulta principalmente as mulheres na livre vivência do seu gênero.
Formação continuada e a realidade escolar: concepções docentes sobre o ensino científico inclusivo
Authors: Salto Mariana Picchi , Carneiro Relma Urel Carbone
Published: December 2021

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo geral investigar se os docentes de Ciências e Biologia promovem a educação inclusiva e quais são os fatores que os auxiliam ou que os impedem de atuarem frente a essa realidade. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativa, de forma que a técnica de coleta de dados foi uma entrevista semiestruturada, com nove docentes de Ciências e Biologia. A análise dessas informações foi realizada seguindo os princípios de análise de conteúdo e os dados mostram que os professores reconhecem a urgência da oferta de cursos de formação continuada, os quais considerem as reais necessidades formativas provenientes da realidade escolar, especialmente em relação à inclusão escolar e ao ensino de Ciências e Biologia.
Management of educational activities in schools towards the approach of learners’ competency: a case study of a high school
Authors: Vu Hong Van
Published: December 2021

Gerenciar atividades de ensino de acordo com a abordagem da capacidade dos alunos é uma atividade orientada para resultados, enfatizando como os alunos precisam atingir o nível de competência após a conclusão de um processo de ensino e aprendizagem. A gestão da atividade docente segundo enfoque da capacidade dos alunos do ensino fundamental e médio atende basicamente aos requisitos da atividade docente vigente. Porém, a gestão das atividades de ensino de acordo com a abordagem da capacidade dos alunos no ensino médio não tem recebido devida atenção e direcionamento; a qualidade e eficácia do ensino ainda não atendem aos requisitos de inovação na educação universal; ainda existem certas limitações, desde planejamento, organização até implementação, verificação e avaliação dessa atividade. Com base em um referencial teórico, este estudo continua a esclarecer os problemas da gestão do ensino, renovando a atividade docente no ensino médio para a abordagem atual por competências.
Educational process in the internet: the dialectic of knowledge and information
Authors: Emel'yanenko Vladimir Dmitrievich , Vetoshko Aleksandr Nikolaevich , Zolotarev Alexei Vadimovich , Matakov Konstantin Anatolievich , Malashenko Irina Vladimirovna
Published: December 2021

Este artigo explora o problema de transformar as informações que um usuário recebe na Internet em conhecimento. O trabalho visa encontrar um fator prioritário que garanta maior grau de precisão na transformação da informação da Internet em conhecimento humano. Foi demonstrado que a natureza da World Wide Web torna difícil traduzir as informações que chegam a uma pessoa em conhecimento. Conclui-se que a condição para a conversão da informação recebida pelo usuário na Internet é sua atividade cognitiva, condicionada, em primeiro lugar, pelo desenvolvimento de sua esfera ideológica e de valores. Se uma pessoa cognoscente tem valores e atitudes suficientemente desenvolvidos e estáveis, então ela se realiza com sucesso como um sujeito em desenvolvimento, um participante ativo na cognição. Ao contrário, um valor insuficientemente estável e uma esfera atitudinal podem levar a uma percepção passiva da informação pelo indivíduo, adaptação à realidade etc.
Tabii Hukuk Anlayışının Klasik ve Modern Dönem Görünümleri Üzerine Bir Karşılaştırma
Authors: GÜLLER Abdülsamet
Published: December 2021

İnsan haklarının anlamlandırılması noktasında farklı yaklaşımlardan bahsedebilmek mümkündür. Ancak bu kapsamda ortaya çıkan ve az çok çeşitli farklılıklar etrafında görüş bildiren düşünürler, pozitivist tasavvur ile tabii hak anlayışı suretindeki iki temel şemsiyenin altında tahayyül edilebilir. Günümüzde hak ve hürriyetlere bakışın bu kategoriler yönünden daha ziyade ikinci anlayıştan beslendiği görülmektedir. Gerçekten bu bağlamda, kökleri ta antik Yunan düşüncesine değin götürülen son derece güçlü ve istikrarlı bir söylem dikkat çekmektedir. Dolayısıyla bu söylemin, antik ve modern dönemlerdeki özellik arz eden bazı düşünürlerin tabii hukuka uyan yaklaşımları incelenmek suretiyle sınanması yararlı olacaktır. Bu sınama yapılırken, her bir düşünürün fikir ve teorisine uygulanacak belirli kavram setlerinin saptanması gerekir. Bu noktada özellikle eşitlik, mülkiyet ve devlet mefhumları etrafında, ilgili düşünürlerin ortaya koyduğu yaklaşımları tespit etmek ve klasik dönem ile modern zamanlar yönünden bir karşılaştırmaya girişmek ufuk açıcı olmaktadır.
CURRENT PROBLEMS OF NORMALIZATION OF PHYSICAL FACTORS IN THE OPERATION OF COMPUTER EQUIPMENT
Authors: Panova O.
Published: December 2021

Analysis of national and international databases on the safety of physical factors. Non-regulatory working conditions of computer users are largely due to the lack of national sanitary norms and rules for the safe operation of computer equipment. Current international standards relate to the radiative properties of technical means and do not consider the conditions in the workplace. It is shown that general standards on maximum permissible levels of physical factors are unacceptable for their application in the field of user safety due to high maximum permissible levels of electromagnetic fields, infrasound, electrostatic fields, etc. In addition, there are significant differences in the various current regulations regarding limit levels and methods for determining the integrated electromagnetic load. When developing sanitary norms for the safety of users of computer equipment, the dependence of air quality on the aeroionic composition on the presence of surface electrophysical charges on polymer surfaces and models of technical means and means of air cooling should be taken into account. It is advisable to regulate the use of artificial air ionization devices. Given the relatively low levels of electromagnetic fields in the workplace of users, it is necessary to regulate the ways of controlling the levels of electromagnetic fields with acceptable errors. Given the impact of unstable operation of technical ways on the psychomatic state of users in the process of developing the relevant standard, it is necessary to take into account the stable operation of equipment by increasing the levels of electromagnetic compatibility of equipment.
JUSTIFICATION OF THE EXECUTIVITY OF THE SINGLE-FORMAT TECHNOLOGY OF AUTOMATED PROCESSING OF THE RESULTS OF GEODESIC MEASUREMENTS
Authors: Dorozhko Y. , Zakharova E. , Sarkisian G. , Mikhno P.
Published: December 2021

The expediency of single-format technology of automated processing of geodetic measurements for the needs of the road construction industry is considered. This technology allows you to perform end-to-end automated processing of geodetic measurements with subsequent automated design and transfer the results of one design phase to the next in a single format and a single design environment.
Through single-format automated technology for processing geodetic measurements and development of design solutions is to transfer the results of one stage of data processing or development of design solutions to another in one format and one software package. In the event of any corrections to previous results or the development of new solutions at any stage, all changes should be reflected in all parts of the project. This approach will allow the use of a one-time digitally developed highway project at all subsequent stages in the development of overhaul and reconstruction projects, subject to changes in the digital model of the area. The digital model of the terrain and section of the highway constructed in this way can be constantly adjusted and used at the stages of geodetic surveys, design, construction or repair and maintenance until the next geodetic surveys.
End-to-end single-format cycle includes: design, technological design, engineering analysis, control programs. This ensures the integrity of the geometry in the transition to each subsequent stage.
Providing end-to-end automated automated processing of geodetic measurement results for road repair or construction design tasks can be done by involving software products such as «CREDO», «Topomatic Robur», «Autodesk Civil 3D» and others.
The use of single-format end-to-end automated processing of geodetic measurements with the subsequent construction of a digital terrain model will speed up and facilitate the development of design solutions, improve their quality, which in turn improves the quality of roads and man-made structures.
RESEARCHING THE RATE OF PROFIT FOR REAL ESTATE IN THE CITY
Authors: Kobzan S. , Borodatuk V. , Pomortseva O.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to conduct research on the value of different segments of residential real estate in the city economy, rental rates. Based on this, determine the rate of return on the location of each investigated segment of real estate. The researches of the residential real estate market of the city of Kharkiv on the certain areas are carried out. The market value of one-room, two-room, and three-room apartments is calculated. The cost of rent for one-room, two-room, and three-room apartments is determined. Studies have been conducted and the rate of return calculated in relation to the location of each of the segments of residential real estate. Conclusions are made about the prospects for the development of the residential real estate market in the city economy, options for investing in real estate in the city and the best return on real estate.
Today, the problem of profitability research when investing in different segments of real estate and real estate that differ in location is very relevant. Determining the rate of return or rate of return is possible using the approaches used in valuation and using valuation techniques and procedures.
The problem of investing is important for business development. Current issues are - in what area to invest and how to get the maximum profit. It is very important for business owners and ordinary citizens to know the amount of profit that can be obtained. Real estate investing is an important and profitable project to save and increase your own resources. Today, there are several methods for assessing the effectiveness of investment. One of them is to determine the rate of return on each of the investment options. The problem posed in the work is the search for locations for investment within the city of Kharkiv with the maximum profit.
As a result of research it was established: the average cost of 1 - bedroom apartments = $ 32,564; the average cost of 2 - bedroom apartments = 48385 $; the average cost of 3 - bedroom apartments = $ 65,849; average rent = $ 7; average selling price of 1 sq. km. m = $ 849; average rate of return = 10%.
The minimum rental price per 1 sq. кm. m. in the areas of HTZ, Rogan, the village of East - $ 5, and the maximum cost in the areas of Center, Nagorny, Derzhprom - $ 10.
Thus we see that those areas of the city in which the rate of return exceeds the average in Kharkov. Thus, the most favorable areas for investment are the areas of the beginning of Gagarin Avenue - 11.29%; Central Market, South Station - 12.36%; Zhukovsky, Shishkovka - 11.34%; Novozhanovo, Moskalivka - 11.76% and Saltivka - 11.17%.
ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF DEVELOPMENT AND COMPONENTS OF THE LAND MANAGEMENT PROJECT REGARDING THE ALLOCATION OF THE LAND PLOT
Authors: Pilicheva M. , Maslii L. , Zavada I.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the study of changes that have occurred during the development of the land management project for the allocation of land when changing regulations in the field of land management and cadastre. Land management projects for the allocation of land plots are developed in the case of the formation of new land plots from state and communal lands and in the event of a change in the purpose of land plots. They can also provide for the division, consolidation of land owned by one person. The main documents regulating the technological process of land management project development for land allotment are the Land Code and the Law of Ukraine "On Land Management", which consists of 6 stages: obtaining a project development permit, concluding an agreement with the developer of land management documentation, project development, project approval, entering data into the State Land Cadastre and project approval. Identified changes in the technological process of development of land management project for the allocation of land, which include: 1. The powers of local governments and executive authorities to transfer land ownership have been changed. At the same time, powers were tied to the boundaries of territorial communities instead of the boundaries of settlements. 2. Simplified the procedure for cadastral survey of land. The procedure of agreeing on the boundaries of the land plot and restrictions, transferring the boundaries in kind (on the ground) and establishing boundary markers becomes optional. 3. The state examination of land management documentation was canceled. 4. Simplified the procedure for approving the land management project for the allocation of land. The agreement with the territorial body of the State Geocadastre on the location of the land plot and the bodies implementing the state policy in the field of cultural heritage protection, forestry, water management, environmental protection, urban planning and architecture has been canceled. The following is added to the cadastral plan of the land plot: information on the transfer in kind (on the ground) of the boundaries of protection zones, coastal protection strips and beach zones, sanitary protection zones, sanitary protection zones and zones of special land use regime and land boundaries; information on the established boundary markers.
DESIGN OF THE TOURIST INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE CITY APPLICATION. PROBLEMS OF LEISURE PLANNING
Authors: Svynarenko Y. , Pomortseva O.
Published: December 2021

The article considers the current problem of tourism development in Ukraine and in a particular city Kharkiv. This problem is especially relevant today, due to the spread of COVID-19 pandemic.
Nowadays, in order to correct the situation in this sector of the economy, it is advisable to use specialized information support. There are many different resources on the Internet, with which one can get help or mark out a route, depending on the selected points of interest. Some of them specialize in working with the map, in particular in marking out routes, finding and displaying places of tourist infrastructure on the map. Others display information about events taking place in these places without cartographic reference. But each of these resources has only a part of the needs of a tourist or resident who wants to plan their leisure time.
The proposed application will fill all the flaws of existing resources. It will meet the needs of navigation, information and planning functions. In other words this application will be the first application that combines the functions of finding and providing information about places of tourist attraction, marking out routes between them and creating an optimal plan for visiting them. The geographic information system ArcGIS was chosen to solve this problem. It contains the necessary modules for working with vectorized maps, layers and provides programming. An intuitive application interface was created using VBA. It contains the necessary forms for routing between points of interest and time planning.
The article demonstrated the capabilities of geographic information systems in tourism business sphere It demonstrated a solution that allows with maximum convenience and minimum time not only to obtain the necessary information, but also to plan their leisure. It will help even during lockdowns and other anti-epidemic measures to prevent decline of tourist infrastructure.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE BASIS OF THE METHOD OF CONTROL OF THE EMERGENCY SITUATION RELATED TO FIRE AND EXPLOSION SAFETY OF LANDFILL
Authors: Rashkevich N. , Shershnyov V. , Kondratiev A. , Shevchenko О.
Published: December 2021

It is established that today there is no effective mathematical apparatus that adequately describes the process of preventing a dangerous event and preventing an emergency related to fire and explosion of solid waste disposal facilities close to settlements. The initial and boundary conditions of the existence of the mathematical apparatus are determined, which is the basis for the development of methods of counteracting the emergency. Humidity, the temperature of the landfill, the presence of oxygen at a certain point in time are factors that initiate the danger. The specific weight of the organic component, the value of the density of the array, the height of waste disposal affect the process of counteracting the danger.
FOCUS ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR PREDICTING THE OUTFLOW OF CLIENTS FROM ON-LINE EDUCATION SITES
Authors: Bredikhin V. , Senchuk T. , Stuzhuk K.
Published: December 2021

The article examines the process of forecasting customer outflows, which is especially important for companies that use a business model based on subscription. It was found that the outflow rate is extremely important for companies with a subscription and transactional business model, which implies regular payments to the company (banks, telecom operators, SaaS-services, etc.). For this purpose, the types, the main reasons for the outflow of customers and the parameters defined to build a predictive model using machine learning algorithms were considered. The result was the hypothesis of the reasons for the outflow of customers from sites that provide training services based on courses that are presented on-line in the Internet space. To build a model of outflow forecasting, the behavioral characteristics of students, their motivation and the structure of the courses themselves were studied. Based on the collected large array of data, their change was analyzed by a large number of parameters and the relationships between the behavioral characteristics of students, course structures and their passage were identified. A variant of the forecasting model was built, for which the accuracy of its operation was increased and the results were integrated into the customer outflow prediction module. The final list of features included more than 100 parameters, which were divided into 6 blocks. As a result, a predictive model was created using the Weibull distribution, as client behavior can be considered as a kind of survival model. To estimate the probability of customer outflow, based on the considered hypotheses, a recurrent neural network with an LSTM layer was developed, where a negative logarithmic likelihood function was used as a loss function for the Weibull distribution. As a conclusion, it was proposed to introduce a stable proactive educational business, when decisions are made not only on the basis of feelings, but also on the basis of data, comes a clearer and more sound understanding of how to improve the educational product.
SURVIVABILITY AND SUSTAINABILITY OF SMART CITY INFORMATION SYSTEM COMPONENTS
Authors: Vasilenko M. , Boyko V. , Slatvinska V.
Published: December 2021

The article examines the problems of survivability and stability of functioning of components of Smart City Information Systems. The relevance of the topic is related to the wide dissemination and implementation of information and communication technologies at various levels. The degree of relevance is great. The authors analyze the situation with modern integrated systems of various levels of the smart city information ecosystem. One of the main problems of implementing smart home systems is the fragmentation and fragmentation of the market - each manufacturer seeks to lock the user to its standard, which leads to the lack of uniform standards of interaction. As a result, the usability of smart home systems worsens, the cost of ownership and support increases, and the security of their use decreases – including potentially increasing the area of cyberattacks. In addition, disparity in standards and vendor lock-in lead to excessive complexity of interaction between smart home systems and the smart city information ecosystem. All of the above pushes users away from the existing market and leads to a decrease in sales, which leads to stagnation in this market segment. The alternative model of system development proposed by the authors is based on the experience of implementing and developing existing solutions for Global Information Systems. The solution should be based on open interaction protocols at all levels of the information ecosystem, which will allow manufacturers to develop their product taking into account and in the context of interaction with other products. The construction of modules and components of such a system is considered separately. ideally, each of the smart home modules should not lose its qualities both in the context of the Smart Home information ecosystem and outside it.
DEVELOPMENT OF PRINCIPLES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF ADAPTIVE SYSTEM OF MOTIVATION AND INCENTIVES FOR PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT OF HOSPITALITY ENTERPRISES
Authors: Dymchenko O. , Shapovalenko D. , Serikova K.
Published: December 2021

The tourism industry in Ukraine is currently actively developing. This industry meets the tourist needs of the population and is one of the important factors in the receipt of funds in the country's budget and employment. The main component of the tourism industry is the hotel industry. According to statistics, the cost of hotel services is from 30% to 50% of all tourist costs. The national market of the hotel industry of Ukraine includes international hotel chains. The analysis of the development of the hotel industry of Ukraine shows that the competitiveness of domestic hotel enterprises with European and Asian enterprises is not at the proper level. This requires increasing the efficiency of their economic activities. Therefore, to ensure efficiency, the task of the national hotel chain is to increase the competitiveness of hospitality enterprises. One of the ways to solve this problem is personnel management, including through the introduction of staff motivation. According to statistics, only 5% of staff always work in the hotel business with high efficiency. Other people need constant supervision, regular monitoring of tasks. Based on this, the hospitality companies had a small number of employees who aim at high efficiency of the entire enterprise. This is an important issue. Currently, hospitality companies use two types of motivation: - material motivation; - intangible motivation. The methods of material motivation include material rewards: - at full load of the enterprise, - at overfulfillment of the plan of sale of hotel services, - in the form of the annual premium, etc. Types of material motivation do not exclude punishment of staff, such as fines. The types of intangible motivation currently used in hospitality enterprises include: - organization of corporate holidays, - congratulations to employees on anniversaries, - introduction of additional days off, etc. Such types of motivation are used, for example, in the network of HELIOPARK Hotels & Resorts, Holiday Inn. This problem can be solved by organizing certain methods of motivation into a single system. Such a system must be adaptive.
WATER QUALITY FORECASTING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF RUNOFF BASED ON A MATHEMATICAL MODEL
Authors: Ponomarenko I. , Nemtsova A. , Dmytrenko T.
Published: December 2021

Runoff is one of the main sources of diffuse pollution of surface water. Suspended solids are the most typical contaminants of runoff. Suspended solids have a great influence on water quality and ecological status of water bodies. The content of suspended solids in water bodies is determined not only by their receipt from external sources, but also by the ability to transport sediments by flow. There is a permanent exchange of suspended solids between water bodies and bottom deposits. This fact stimulates specific requirements for modeling the transfer of suspended solids. For the most cases, models which describe the transfer of suspensions in a turbulent flow are based on the three-dimensional equation of turbulent diffusion or its two-dimensional simplification, which allows to take into account the spatial distribution of substances or it’s distribution to the width of stream. The use of such models requires a significant amount of initial data to determine the parameters of the models and is associated with a significant amount of calculations. At the same time, one-dimensional interpretation of processes is common and practically sufficient for shallow watercourses. It is more important to take into account the dynamics of the exchange of suspended solids between water mass and bottom deposits. The article is devoted to the development of a mathematical model for estimating the influence of non - point sources of pollution on the content of suspended solids in narrow watercourses. The model is based on the principle of mass balance of substances entering the flow section and takes into account the processes of sedimentation and resedimentation of suspended solids. A mathematical model in the form of a differential equation for the case of normal and overloaded flow is developed. Analytical solutions of equations for both cases are obtained. The influence of hydraulic size of the suspension on the content of suspended solids in watercourses and its distribution along the flow length is analyzed. The developed model was used for estimation of the impact of runoff from the urban area of Kharkiv city (Ukraine) on the river Lopan. The model demonstrated satisfactory compliance with field data.