bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Η καρχηδονιακή και ρωμαϊκή perfidia στα Punica του Σίλιου Ιταλικού
Authors: Κουρούπης Αλέξανδρος
Published: November 2024

Αντικείμενο μελέτης της παρούσας διατριβής συνιστά ο ορισμός της αναξιοπιστίας (perfidia) και της πίστης (fides) στα Punica του Σίλιου Ιταλικού ο οποίος προσδοκώντας να διαδεχτεί τον Βιργίλιο στο λογοτεχνικό είδος της επικής ποίησης μετέρχεται πληθώρας αφηγηματικών τεχνικών και ποιητολογικών τεχνασμάτων. Η διατριβή χωρίζεται σε τέσσερα θεμελιώδη κεφάλαια τα οποία τιτλοφορούνται: «Καρχηδονιακή perfidia», «Καρχηδονιακή fides», «Ρωμαϊκή fides» και «Ρωμαϊκή perfidia». Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο εξετάζονται όλες οι περιπτώσεις της στερεοτυπικής καρχηδονιακής αναξιοπιστίας οι οποίες αποτυπώνονται στο πρόσωπο του Αννίβα Βάρκα. Ο ποιητής επιμελείται μιας διττής οπτικής γωνίας, ρωμαϊκής και καρχηδονιακής, επαναπροσδιορίζοντας τις προκαταλήψεις της ρωμαϊκής πολιτείας. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο αναδεικνύονται οι πολυσχιδείς πτυχές της καρχηδονιακής αφοσίωσης η οποία είναι συνυφασμένη όχι μόνο με το μυθολογικό ή ιστορικό παρελθόν, αλλά και με τους ενδοοικογενειακούς συνεκτικούς κρίκους, ενώ ξεχωρίζει η μεταποιητική χροιά της. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο διερευνάται η εκ πρώτης όψεως τετριμμένη όψη της ρωμαϊκής αφοσίωσης. Ειδικότερα, επισημαίνονται οι προβληματικές πτυχές αυτής τόσο σε συλλογικό όσο και σε ατομικό επίπεδο, ενώ ο υποδειγματικός χαρακτήρας της τίθεται υπό αμφισβήτηση. Καταληκτικά, στο τέταρτο κεφάλαιο εντοπίζονται οι περιπτώσεις της ρωμαϊκής αναξιοπιστίας. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, τονίζεται η σαθρότητα του μυθολογικού παρελθόντος της Ρώμης, η ροπή των πολιτών της προς τα πάθη, όπως η οργή και η μανία για εκδίκηση, και η εξέχουσα στάση των συμμάχων της ενώπιον της επικείμενης τιμωρίας τους. Η διατριβή καταλήγει στο συμπέρασμα πως ο Σίλιος αναδιαμορφώνει στα Punica την ευρέως αποδεικτή έννοια της perfidia ασκώντας ένα είδος υπαινικτικής κριτικής στο κοινωνικοπολιτικό γίγνεσθαι της εποχής του και αναθεωρώντας ταυτόχρονα τους ειδολογικούς δείκτες της επικής ποίησης.
Aristotelian Politiké Philía as a Subject of Moral Education
Authors: Rajský Andrej
Published: November 2024

The concept of moral education in Slovakia is currently undergoing a curricular transformation which is connected with issues concerning the theoretical foundation and basic philosophical setting of ethical education. The conceptual framework of the scientific discussion on ethical education has been introduced; its culmination is the neo-Aristotelian thesis about the philiatic character, which needs to be developed and strengthened educationally. The issue of friendship (philía) completes the discussion on virtues in Nicomachean Ethics and highlights the positive quality of interpersonal relationships as areté, that is, a disposition that can be purposefully pursued, i.e. intentionally formed. Aristotle’s well-known theory of friendship (philía) distinguishes between two kinds of imperfect, false friendship (‘for pleasure’ or ‘for profit’) and true friendship; moral good is its goal. Besides the vertical gradation of this quality concerning its perfection (two kinds – imperfect, false friendship and true friendship), it also offers a horizontal differentiation of forms of social realisation of friendship in the context of community (favour, eunoia) and wider society (concord, politiké philía). ‘Political friendship’ is thus presented as a civic virtue, worthy of effort (cf. EN VIII.10; EE 1242b; Pol. III.5, IV.2). Character education, with a focus on the development of this quality, is manifested not only as the subject of cultivating theindividual personality for the ‘happy life’ of man but also as a political requirement, reflecting the interests of the state.
Education in the Perspective of the ‘Inner Image’
Authors: Jeziorański Marek
Published: November 2024

The article fits into the field of anthropology and pedagogical teleology. It identifies three basic anthropological models. The basis for the distinction of the anthropological models described is the category of the ‘inner image’ of the pupil, understood as the deepest truth about the human being; a reality revealed through reflection and at the same time containing elements of mystery, which is why it cannot be unambiguously identified and fully defined but requires an effort to be discovered and then pursued. The three models proposed are as follows: 1. A pedagogy based on the ‘inner image;’ 2. A pedagogy that excludes the ‘inner image;’ 3. A pedagogy of the tacit ‘inner image.’ The theoretical proposals presented are justified by the ideological trends present in pedagogy and their exemplary consequences for educational practice are shown.
Zaufanie jako filar społecznej podmiotowości. Przyczynek do debaty o uczeniu się i edukacji obywatelskiej
Authors: Przybylska Ewa Małgorzata , Wajsprych Danuta
Published: November 2024

W artykule poruszono problematykę dotyczącą kapitału społecznego, w szczególności jego kluczowego komponentu, jakim jest zaufanie. Celem artykułu jest wyeksponowanie roli zaufania w procesach społecznego uczenia się w aspekcie jednostkowym i zbiorowym. Wgląd w badania nad zaufaniem społecznym w Unii Europejskiej oraz RFN, jako jednym z jej krajów członkowskich, uwypukla znaczenie zaufania społecznego, które może zadać kłam nieufności, konformizmowi, dystansowi społecznemu, alienacji, dezintegracji społecznej i wielu innym jeszcze negatywnym trendom współczesności, zagrażającym demokracji. Wnioski wieńczące tekst podkreślają znaczenie dobrej diagnozy kontekstu społecznego, lokalnych uwarunkowań oraz indywidualnych i zbiorowych interesów, bez której budowanie kapitału społecznego w jego różnych wymiarach nie zaowocuje wzrostem podmiotowości społecznej, a wręcz przeciwnie, zaogni wzajemną nieufność, pasywizm, manipulacje i inne dysfunkcje społeczne.
Foreword—Genital Oedema
Authors: Quéré Isabelle
Published: November 2024

Genital oedema is gaining increased recognition internationally. This condition occurs as an acute swelling after an infection or inflammation of the pelvic organs and usually disappears with treatment of the underlying disease. It may also present as a chronic swelling due to either acquired or congenital dysfunction of the lymphatic system that is draining the genital area.
Conservative and integrated management of genital lymphoedema: case reports for men
Authors: Borman Pinar , Noble-Jones Rhian , Thomas Melanie J , Bragg Thomas , Gordon Kristiana
Published: November 2024

Genital oedema of primary and secondary aetiology is gaining increased recognition; it occurs in people of all ages, although accurate prevalence remains unknown. While reports of surgical intervention are quite common, clear description of conservative management is rare, and, overall, diagnosis and management remain largely delayed. Conservative management of genital oedema requires imaginative use of compression bandages and support garments, adapted manual lymphatic drainage, enablement of exercise and activities required for school/employment and diligent skin care to avoid cellulitis.

The aim of this article is to present case reports from two European countries discussing five males of differing ages and with genital oedema of different aetiology as examples of conservative management of male genital oedema.

The case reports include an adolescent boy with genital oedema since age 1 year, a 49-year-old man treated for penile cancer, a 60-year-old man treated for primary rectal lymphoma, a 48-year-old man with morbid obesity and a 49-year-old with obesity and recurrent infections. The latter two cases integrate surgery and conservative care.

Case reports can be a useful means of addressing education needs related to rarer conditions and sharing practice where diagnostic criteria and specific protocols of care are lacking.
Optimization of Gelatin Gummy Properties Influenced by Black Garlic Vinegar and Honey Using D-Optimal Mixture Design
Authors:   Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand, Chuensun Threethip , Intipunya Pilairuk ,   Division of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand,   Cluster of High Value Products from Thai Rice and Plants for Health, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
Published: November 2024

Black garlic is a valuable and versatile food product derived from the fermentation of fresh garlic. Black garlic possesses stronger antibacterial properties and contains antioxidants at levels twice as high as those found in regular garlic. The fermentation of black garlic into vinegar enhances its beneficial properties, including antimicrobial and antidiabetic effects. Currently, the market prospects for functional gummy candies are highly promising. This study aimed to optimize the formulation of functional gelatin gummy incorporating black garlic vinegar, gelatin and honey using a D-optimal mixture design. Product analysis included physicochemical, textural, and sensory properties of the gummies, evaluation of consumer acceptance and purchase intention. The optimal formulation for black garlic vinegar with honey gummies involved 10% black garlic vinegar, 17.06% gelatin, and 27.94% honey. Three experiments were conducted under practical conditions, yielding an average pH of 3.51 ± 0.02, hardness of 18.21 × 10³ g force, and gumminess of 16.44 × 10³ g force. The sensory descriptive analysis provided the following ratings: appearance (7.30 ± 0.84), black garlic vinegar aroma (6.10 ± 1.39), honey aroma (6.54 ± 1.27), honey taste (7.24 ± 1.13), overall taste (7.18 ± 1.04), aftertaste (7.24 ± 1.19), and overall liking (7.26 ± 0.94). The final product received hedonic scores ranging from 6 to 7 for all attributes on a nine-point scale (n=70). Notably, 98% of consumers found the product acceptable, and 78% expressed an intention to purchase it. This indicates the successful development of a gelatin gummy product that effectively incorporates black garlic vinegar while maintaining a pleasant taste, making it appealing to a wide consumer base.
Geochemical Analysis of Calcareous Shale of Baong Formation (North Sumatera Basin) as Potential Source Rock
Authors: Putra* Hidayat Syah , Alfian Zika , Sartika Dewi , Rifqan Rifqan , Muhni Akmal , Adrian Fahri
Published: November 2024

This research is related to calcareous shale whose samples were obtained from surface data (outcrop). This rock outcrop is characterized as a rock rich in organic material and impermeable, so it is predicted to become a source rock of oil and gas petroleum system. The amount of organic content or carbon material and the level of maturity of the rock is a benchmark for determining whether or not it is appropriate to be called a source rock of the petroleum system in the North Sumatra Basin (NSB) area. The method used in the present study is the rock-eval pyrolysis method and the determination of Total Organic Carbon is carried out through laboratory testing. Based on the results of Rock-Eval Pyrolysis testing, the maturity level or Tmax of the rock is 446-degree Celsius which indicates the peak mature category with kerogen type in the form of II/III which tends to produce oil and gas prone. The results of the Total Organic Carbon (TOC) test show a value of 1.26% which is included in the category of organic matter richness in the good category. Based on the results of these two tests, it can be concluded that the Calcareous shale found in the North Sumatra Basin (NSB) can be categorized as a good Source Rock with a Peak Mature maturity level and has the potential to produce Oil and Gas (Mixed oil and gases).
Comparing Nanofiltration and Ion Exchange for Reverse Osmosis Pretreatment in Industrial Water Treatment: A Techno-Economic Analysis
Authors: Harwin* Harwin
Published: November 2024

Water softening is a crucial process in various industrial applications, and the selection of an appropriate system involves balancing technical efficiency, environmental impact, and economic considerations. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of two prominent industrial water softening systems, Nanofiltration (NF) and Ion Exchanger (IX), through a multidimensional lens. The system’s design and sizing were simulated with computer assistance, using the DuPont’s WAVE Water Treatment Design Software version 1.82.  The technical evaluation, based on simulations, revealed that IX outperformed NF in total hardness removal ( 99%) at the expense of a slight increase in Total Dissolved Solids (TDS). In contrast, NF demonstrated a superior ability to reduce TDS, albeit with lesser total hardness removal. Environmental considerations highlighted trade-offs, with NF generating higher wastewater volumes and IX producing wastewater with highly concentrated TDS, necessitating complex treatment processes. Economically, NF generally incurred higher Total Annual Costs (TAC) at lower total hardness concentrations, while IX became costlier at higher concentrations. A selection chart is introduced to aid decision-making based on economic considerations. This research offers valuable insights for industries seeking an optimal water softening solution, balancing technical efficiency, environmental impact, and economic considerations. The findings provide a nuanced understanding to guide system selection based on specific water quality requirements and economic constraints.
Probabilistic Forecasting of Energy Consumption using Bayesian Dynamic Linear Models
Authors: Aulia Hartika , Syaharuddin* Syaharuddin , Mandailina Vera , Gervas Hamenyimana Emanuel , Ashraf Hameed
Published: November 2024

This study aims to conduct a systematic literature review on the development of mathematical models for forecasting energy consumption using a probabilistic approach, particularly focusing on the Bayesian Dynamic Linear Model (BDLM). The research method employed is Systematic Literature Review (SLR), utilizing literature sources indexed in Scopus, DOAJ, and Google Scholar, with publication dates ranging from 2014 to 2024. The findings of the research indicate that the application of BDLM has made a significant contribution to the optimization of energy management, especially in sectors such as industry and commercial buildings. The study highlights the effectiveness of BDLM in accurately predicting energy consumption through a probabilistic approach that efficiently manages uncertainty. However, the research also emphasizes that BDLM presents limitations and challenges that warrant attention, including the complexity involved in parameter determination and model validation processes, as well as the importance of addressing potential biases and considering factors such as deployment impacts. This research provides deep insights into the potential and challenges in the development of mathematical models for forecasting energy consumption, while also offering directions for further research in this field.
Self-Translation, (Anti-)Translation: Roque Raquel Salas Rivera’s Poem 45
Authors: Grandas Sebastián Andrés
Published: November 2024

Abstract: In response to the 2017 Puerto Rican hurricanes María and Irma, Roque Raquel Salas Rivera’s 2019 while they sleep (under the bed is another country) alternates between various Spanish-English translingual strategies. This paper discusses one of these translingual strategies, a technique named here as (anti-)translation. As exemplified by the collection’s poem 45, (anti)translation is the ironic performance of a failed and violent style of translation––critically staging how Puerto Ricans were translated into silence in the hurricanes’ wake. In the poems that (anti-) translate, fragments of Spanish-language voices return in the footnotes to haunt the failures of English-language, translated texts. As English is subverted by Spanish and the main text is undermined by paratext, Salas Rivera’s (anti-)translation dramatizes how translation has reinforced colonial power through the stories that such translation has left actively untold.
“What Treasure is Hid in Milk”?: Transforming Bodily Fluids in the English Early Modern Receipt Book
Authors: Hathaway Em
Published: November 2024

Abstract: Early modern scholars have traced the use of milk as a culinary metaphor in Renaissance drama. Milk was understood to be an already transformed and actively transforming fluid. Sixteenth-century receipt books from the Folger Shakespeare Library help contextualize these symbolic resonances in milk’s material substance as it manifests in the receipt book’s utilitarian prescriptions. This paper uses genre studies to argue that milk offers an additional node on the receipt book’s matrices of transformation and to highlight the early modern receipt book as a valuable site of inquiry for ecofeminist and new materialist scholarship.
Redneck Folk Medicine: 2024 AWP Intro Journals Project Winner, selected by Celeste Chan
Authors: Sannes Nina King
Published: November 2024

Abstract: An essay about the generational cycle of family poverty and how it pertains to chronic pain and illness.
Sustained Debt Reduction: The Jamaica Exception
Authors: Arslanalp Serkan , Eichengreen Barry , Henry Peter Blair
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT: Reducing high public debt is key for countries seeking to restore fiscal capacity and resilience in the wake of recent crises. But large debt reductions are rare. Jamaica stands out for reducing its debt from 144 percent of GDP to 72 percent over the last decade, a record achieved by running large, persistent primary budget surpluses. Well-designed fiscal rules combined with social partnership agreements making for fiscal ownership are at the root of its achievement.
Google, Olaudah Equiano, and the Infrastructure of Empire
Authors: MacDonnell Kevin
Published: November 2024

Abstract: In 2022, Google's "Equiano," a submarine fiber optic cable, began providing broadband internet access to the western coast of Africa, stretching along the Atlantic seafloor from Lisbon to Cape Town. This piece examines the overlapping colonial histories that draw together Google's subsea cable and its namesake, Olaudah Equiano, an eighteenth-century Black abolitionist best known for his immensely popular and influential autobiography, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano (1789). Placing these two "Equianos" in conversation can, this piece argues, helpfully situate Equiano's own controversial relationship with colonial capitalism, while at the same time making plain the imperialist logics that continue to drive infrastructural development in the postcolonial world.
Rot in Jail: Penal Infrastructure before 1800
Authors: Turner Cass
Published: November 2024

Abstract: Focusing on John Howard's The State of the Prisons in England and Wales , this essay demonstrates that a significant thread of eighteenth-century prison reform discourse sought to characterize the prison as a space in need of infrastructural support, on the basis that incarcerated persons were as entitled to essential resources as any other group. Howard's approach to penal reform unsettles assumptions about infrastructure's conceptual roots in Enlightenment notions of human supremacy: Howard's reform efforts were premised on a view of the human as living being both susceptible to error and dependent on minimum services as a threshold of life.
Cyprian the Inclusivist? Cyprian's Soteriology in a Pluralistic World
Authors: Mills D. Forrest
Published: November 2024

precis: Some scholars have argued for inclusivism as the theology of the early church prior to the legalization of Christianity with the Edict of Milan in 313. Part of this attempt to retrieve inclusivism from the patristic period has involved a reinterpretation of Cyprian's famous axiom, "outside the church, there is no salvation." At the very least, advocates for this recovery of inclusivism have argued for agnosticism concerning his beliefs, and some have even tried to claim him as an early inclusivist. The new interpretation has maintained that the Constantinian church took Cyprian's ideas out of context by applying them to all people outside the church rather than just to schismatics. Since Cyprian was writing only about schismatics, scholarship cannot say for certain what he believed concerning the extent of salvation. While laudable for reading Cyprian based upon his context, this new interpretation argues from silence and misunderstands how his axioms enhanced his case against schismatics. He used the notion of exclusivism as a weapon to counter the arguments for schism. Since there is no salvation outside the church, the schismatics were not saved, just as the pagans were not. After summarizing and evaluating scholarship arguing for this new interpretation of Cyprian, this essay will reveal Cyprian's underlying exclusivism that is found across his entire corpus.
Two Ways of Being at Peace With Our Fate and Nature in the Zhuangzi
Authors: Saunders Frank P.
Published: November 2024

Abstract: This article offers an interpretation of anming 安命 or "being at peace with fate" in the Zhuangzi that highlights its heterogeneous understanding and usage throughout the text. To do so, it focuses on two main approaches to anming in the Zhuangzi 《 莊子》. The first approach emphasizes our relationship with the forces of the cosmos, which have no regard for our values or preferences, and encourages us to clearly understand these forces, to adopt an attitude of peace or serenity toward them, and to obey them willingly. The second approach relies on a normative conception of our individual nature that independently gives us reason to obey our own natural tendencies and respect those of others. Although each approach differs in terms of focus, both offer powerful philosophical resources for being at peace with our fate and nature.
Making Sense of Non-Attachment
Authors: Hong Chang-Seong , Shogenji Tomoji
Published: November 2024

Abstract: The aim of this article is to outline a version of "non-attachment" that is conceptually clear and practically viable. We turn to the Buddhist traditions for their wealth of insights into non-attachment, but our goal is not exegetical. We are not constrained by the Buddhist traditions and turn to Anglophone moral psychology as well to point out a close connection between non-attachment and adaptive preference. We offer the reason for adopting the outlined version of non-attachment and depict what it is like in practice to live with no attachment.
Unifying the roll waves
Authors: Depoilly Fabien , Millet Séverine , Ben Hadid Hamda , Dagois-Bohy Simon , Rousset François
Published: November 2024

Free surface flows down a slope occur in various real-life scenarios, such as civil engineering, industry, and natural hazards. Unstable waves can develop at the free surface when inertia is sufficiently strong, indicated by the Reynolds number exceeding a critical value. Although this instability has been investigated for specific fluids with different rheologies, a common framework is still lacking to facilitate comparison among the various models. In this study, we investigate the linear stability of a generalized Newtonian fluid, where the viscosity η ( γ ˙ ) remains unspecified. We meticulously construct new dimensionless quantities to minimize dependence on the rheology, and subsequently derive the Orr-Sommerfeld equation of stability for any generalized Newtonian fluid, which has never been done before. We conduct a long-wave expansion and generate a novel analytical expression for the wave celerity, along with the critical Reynolds number. The originality in this study is that the analytical expressions obtained are valid for any rheology, and are easy to compute from a rheological measurement or from a base flow profile measurement. These results are subsequently scrutinized using various shear-thinning, shear-thickening, and viscoplastic rheology models. They exhibit excellent agreement with experimental or numerical data as well as theoretical findings from existing literature. Furthermore, the novel analytical expressions enable a much more comprehensive investigation into the impact of rheology on stability. While our approach does not encompass singular or non-monotonous rheology, the analytical expressions derived from the long-wave expansion exhibit remarkable resilience and they continue to accurately predict both the wave speed and the instability threshold in such cases.
From meta-analysis to Mendelian randomization: Unidirectional perspectives on the association of glaucoma with depression and anxiety
Authors: Deng Jie , Qin YuHui
Published: November 2024

Background

Glaucoma, a primary cause of blindness worldwide, has its association with depression and anxiety noted, yet the understanding of such association is still rudimentary. This study aims to provide the unidirectional perspectives on the association of glaucoma with depression and anxiety, informing public health strategies.

Methods

The Meta-analysis screened observational studies from Medline, Embase, and Web of Science, using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for quality assessment. It employed R’s ’meta’ package to assess the association between glaucoma and depression or anxiety prevalence. The Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis was conducted using R’s ’TwoSampleMR’ package, based on data from the IEU database data to explore the impact of glaucoma on depression and anxiety.

Results

This Meta-analysis included 23 out of 379 studies involving 11,845 glaucoma patients. The combined prevalence of depression among glaucoma patients, derived from 18 cross-sectional studies, stood at 19.42%. Five case-control studies indicated that glaucoma patients had a 6.17-fold higher risk of depression compared to controls. Derived from 16 cross-sectional studies, the consolidated prevalence for anxiety was 19.07%. According to five case-control studies, glaucoma patients exhibited a 4.45-fold increased risk of anxiety compared to controls. MR analysis failed to uncover a causal effect of glaucoma on depression and anxiety.

Conclusion

This study suggests that glaucoma patients may experience higher prevalence of depression and anxiety than the general population, with no clear genetic links found. It suggests that environmental factors and non-genetic biological pathways, among others, may play significant roles in their association, though the role of genetic factors cannot be ruled out. These findings highlight the necessity of a comprehensive approach to study the complex factors influencing the association of glaucoma with depression or anxiety and underscore the importance of integrating mental health considerations into glaucoma management to improve medication adherence and disease progression.
Fasting plasma glucose levels are associated with all-cause and cancer mortality: A population-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gao Qing , Wang Qi , Gan Zhijuan , Wang Meng , Lu Dafeng , Zhan Bingdong
Published: November 2024

Despite a growing body of research indicating a link between fasting glucose levels and mortality, the relationship between fasting glucose and all-cause and cancer mortality remains inconsistent. In this study, we used Cox regression and restricted cubic spline models to analyze the association and dose-response relationship between fasting plasma glucose levels and all-cause and cancer mortality in a retrospective cohort based on data from the 2015 health check-ups of residents in Quzhou City. After a mean follow-up of 5.31 years for 148,755 study participants, 10,345 deaths occurred, with an all-cause mortality density of 131.09/10,000 person-years, of which 2,845 were cancer deaths, with a cancer mortality density of 36.05/10,000 person-years. There was a "J" shaped dose-response relationship between fasting plasma glucose levels and all-cause and cancer mortality. Relative to normal fasting glucose (NFG), the risk of all-cause mortality (HRs and 95% CIs) in the impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and diabetes mellitus (DM) groups was 1.11 (1.06, 1.16) and 1.43 (1.35, 1.52), respectively, and the risk of cancer mortality in the DM group was 1.22 (1.09, 1.37). In this cohort study, we found that fasting plasma glucose levels were significantly associated with the risk of all-cause and cancer mortality.
Growth monitoring and promotion service utilization and its associated factors among children less than two years in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Simegn Mulat Belay , Tilahun Werkneh Melkie , Mazengia Elyas Melaku , Haimanot Aysheshim Belaineh , Mneneh Anteneh Lamesgen , Mengie Muluye Gebrie , Endalew Bekalu , Birhanu Molla Yigzaw , Tesfie Tigabu Kidie , Asmare Lakew , Geremew Habtamu
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Growth monitoring and promotion services are strategies to promote child health and reduce child mortality. Even though Ethiopia is attempting different strategies to cope with the low rate of GMP utilization, the problem is still unresolved.

Objective

Determine the pooled proportion of GMP utilization and its contributing factors among children less than two years in Ethiopia.

Method

The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42023472746. The PRISMA-2020 statement guided the conduct of this review. Electronic databases and grey literature were used. Heterogeneity was evaluated using I2. Subgroup analysis was conducted. The random effect model was used to summarize the pooled effect sizes with their respective 95% CI with STATA version 17. To test the small study effect, the funnel plot and Egger’s test were applied.

Result

A total of seven (7) studies with 4027 participants were considered in this meta-analysis. The pooled proportion of GMP utilization reported by seven studies was 25.71% (95%CI: 24.39, 27.04). ANC follow-up (AOR = 2.11; 95% CI: 1.47, 2.76), PNC follow-up (AOR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.44, 2.49), counseling (AOR = 2.88; 95% CI: 2.09, 3.68), maternal education (AOR = 2.89; 95% CI: 1.66, 4.13), paternal education (AOR = 3.78; 95% CI: 2.25, 5.32), family health card (AOR = 2.31; 95% CI: 1.67, 2.96), and mothers good knowledge towards GMP (AOR = 2.90; 95% CI: 1.72, 4.07) variables were positively associated with GMP service utilization.

Conclusion and recommendation

The pooled proportion of GMP remains low in Ethiopia. ANC and PNC follow-up, counseling, maternal and paternal education, family health cards, maternal knowledge towards GMP were significantly associated. Findings are essential for evidence-based policy making, intervention, and input for ongoing research.
Analysis of medico-legal claims related to deliveries: Caesarean section vs. vaginal delivery
Authors: Eshraghi Nasim , Ghaemi Marjan , Shabannejad Zahra , Bazmi Elham , Foroozesh Mehdi , Haddadi Mohammad , Azizi Sepideh , Mansouri Zeinab , Hantoushzadeh Sedigheh
Published: November 2024

Background

The Iranian National Health Service (NHS) suggested that gynecologists face a higher risk of medicolegal claims, with a significant number of claims being related to delivery events. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with delivery related claims.

Method

In this cross-sectional study, we conducted an analysis of medico-legal documents which related to complications during delivery events and presented to Iranian Medical Legal Organization spanning from March 2018 to February 2020. A total of 227 legal prosecutions that were initiated by patients or, in cases where that wasn’t possible, by their families, were included in the study and all of them were evaluated in commission with experienced professionals. The data collection phase occurred between February 2023 and May 2023. The collected data encompassed various aspects, including patient characteristics mode of delivery, reasons for claims, hospital type, accused party, the occurrence of instrumental delivery and the final disposition of the claims (paid claims or closed claims). Paid claims represent successful lawsuits where the healthcare provider or their insurer made a financial settlement to the patient. Closed claims encompass those that were either denied or dismissed. Chi-square or t-tests were employed to compare factors between paid claims and closed claims.

Result

In this study, it was observed that vaginal delivery was performed in 51.1% of the claims, whereas 48.9% underwent a caesarean section.. Approximately half of the claims were against obstetrician-gynecologists, and 33% of the claims against other providers were against midwives.. The majority of complaints were related to perinatal mortality (34.8%) and neonatal asphyxia (18.5%). In 58.1% of cases, no malpractice was identified, while 41.9% resulted in paid claims. Also, there were no significant differences between the paid claims and closed claims groups in several factors, such as the type of hospital (P = 0.904), maternal age (P = 0.157), type of delivery (P = 0.080), and accused party (P = 0.168). However, the number of instrumental deliveries (13.8% of vaginal deliveries) and the reasons for claims, exhibited significant differences between the two claims (P = 0.021, P<0.001 respectively).

Conclusion

This study found that maternal complications were more common in caesarean sections, while neonatal claims were more prevalent in vaginal deliveries. The study recommended public health interventions to reduce the overall prevalence of delivery-related claims.
How do medical students deal with the topic of racism? A qualitative analysis of group discussions in Germany
Authors: Gerhards Simon Matteo , Schweda Mark
Published: November 2024

Background

Anti-racism is part of the medical professional ethos. Nevertheless, racism pervades medicine on individual, institutional, and structural levels. The concept of habitus helps to understand deficiencies in enacting anti-racism in practice. We use a habitus-based framework to analyse how medical students in Germany deal with the topic of racism. The research questions are: What are medical students’ understandings of racism? How do they deal with the topic in discussions? What difficulties do they face in such discussions?

Methods

In a qualitative-explorative research design, we conducted six online group discussions with 32 medical students from medical schools all over Germany. Data analysis combined qualitative methods from thematic qualitative content analysis and the documentary method.

Results

We identified five typical ways of dealing with the topic of racism in discussions. The first one (‘scientistic’) orientates action towards the idea of medicine as an objective science, justifies the use of racial categories as scientific, and defines racism based on intention. The second (‘pragmatic’) orientates action towards tacit rules of clinical practice, justifies the use of racialised categories as practical and defines racism as an interpersonal problem. The third (‘subjectivist’) lacks a clear orientation of action for dealing with the topic of racism and instead displays uncertainty and subjectivism in understanding racialised categorisations as well as racism. The fourth (‘interculturalist’) orientates action towards an ideal of intercultural exchange, understands racialised categorisations as representing cultural differences and interprets racism as prejudice against cultures. The fifth (‘critical’) orientates action towards sociological scholarship, understands racialised categorisations as social constructs and views racism as a structural problem.

Conclusion

The results presented help to understand preconditions of enacting anti-racism in medicine and point to difficulties and learning needs. The heterogenous ways of dealing with the topic require a differentiated approach in medical education.
Concurrent validity of novel smartphone-based apps monitoring barbell velocity in powerlifting exercises
Authors: Renner Alexander , Mitter Benedikt , Baca Arnold
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study was to determine the validity of three smartphone applications measuring barbell movement velocity in resistance training and comparing them to a commercially available linear transducer. Twenty competitive powerlifters (14 male and 6 female) completed a progressive loading protocol in the squat, bench press and deadlift (sumo or conventional) until reaching 90% of the highest load they had achieved in a recent competition. Mean velocity was concurrently recorded with three smartphone applications: Qwik VBT (QW), Metric VBT (MT), MyLift (ML), and one linear transducer: RepOne (RO). 3D motion capturing (Vicon) was used to calculate specific gold standard trajectory references for the different systems. A total of 589 repetitions were recorded with a mean velocity of (mean ± standard deviation [min-max]) 0.44 ± 0.17 [0.11–1.04] m·s-1, of which MT and ML failed to identify 52 and 175 repetitions, respectively. When compared to Vicon, RO and QW consistently delivered valid measurements (standardized mean bias [SMB] = 0 to 0.21, root mean squared error [RMSE] = 0.01 to 0.04m·s-1). MT and ML failed to deliver a level of validity comparable to RO (SMB = -0.28 to 0.14, RMSE = 0.04–0.14m·s-1), except for MT in the bench press (SMB = 0.07, RMSE = 0.04m·s-1). In conclusion, smartphone applications can be as valid as a linear transducer when assessing mean concentric barbell velocity. Out of the smartphone applications included in this investigation, QW delivered the best results.
The ethics of wildlife documentary making in Africa: Fréderic Rossif’s La Fête Sauvage and the school of lies
Authors: Glenn Ian
Published: November 2024

Critiques of faked sequences in wildlife documentary films have generally ignored films made in Africa. While recent revelations show how David Attenborough and others have misled audiences, the most shocking example is Frédéric Rossif’s film La Fête Sauvage (1976). Though the film remains notable for many reasons – dramatic aerial sequences, lyrical use of ultra-slow motion, technical innovations, the music of Vangelis – from the perspective of Southern African wildlife film history, the production has to be seen as ethically and scientifically dubious. The interviews with the crew in the Making of the Documentary disc, rather than being a clarification of the conditions under which the film was made, were for large parts obfuscatory and misleading, acting simply as justification of their and Rossif’s behaviour rather than any kind of honest retrospective.
Global Media Coverage of the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict: Reporting the Sheikh Jarrah Evictions, Noureddine Miladi (ed.) (2023)
Authors: Menon Lakshmi Venugopal
Published: November 2024

Review of: Global Media Coverage of the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict: Reporting the Sheikh Jarrah Evictions, Noureddine Miladi (ed.) (2023)

London, Oxford, New York, New Delhi and Sydney: Bloomsbury, 296 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-75564-989-1, h/bk, £100

ISBN 978-0-75564-993-8, p/bk, £28.99

ISBN 978-0-75564-990-7, e-book, £90
Atenco Lives! Filmmaking and Popular Struggle in Mexico, Livia K. Stone (2019)
Authors: Cupic Tijana
Published: November 2024

Review of: Atenco Lives! Filmmaking and Popular Struggle in Mexico, Livia K. Stone (2019)

Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press, 202 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-82652-223-8, h/bk, $99.95

ISBN 978-0-82652-224-5, p/bk, $39.95

ISBN 978-0-82650-303-9, e-book, $34.99
Jovens e consumo mediático: uma análise comparativa entre desertos e não-desertos de notícias em Portugal
Authors: Maneta Margarida , Torre Luísa , Rodrigues Alexandre , Amaral Inês , Jerónimo Pedro
Published: November 2024

Considerando os desafios que a falta de cobertura noticiosa impõe, em particular numa fase de definição de identidade e participação como a juventude, este artigo procura compreender como é que a (in)existência de jornalismo regional impacta o consumo mediático dos jovens residentes em Portugal, com idades compreendidas entre os 15 e os 24 anos. Através de uma abordagem quantitativa e comparativa, operacionalizada a partir de um inquérito por questionário, os resultados apontam para poucas diferenças significativas entre o consumo mediático, protagonizado por esta audiência, fora e dentro dos desertos de notícias no país. Estas evidências convidam, por um lado, ao debate sobre que estratégias podem garantir o acesso das pessoas jovens a informações relevantes e diversificadas, capazes de assegurar a sua compreensão crítica e envolvimento cívico; e, por outro, à interrogação sobre o exercício do jornalismo regional e o cumprimento das funções a que se propõe.
A Efemeridade de Simoésio
Authors: Gonçalves Santos Bruna Margarida
Published: November 2024

As relações entre pais e filhos foram fundamentais ao longo de toda a sociedade homérica. Neste artigo, destacamos a figura de Simoésio, um jovem guerreiro que pereceu durante a guerra de Troia. A sua morte impediu-o de restituir aos pais o que eles gastaram e sacrificaram durante a sua educação, deixando-os assim desamparados na sua velhice. Pretendemos, por isso, observar e comparar através de outros casos, em que medida a efemeridade da vida condicionava a philia filial.
Praefectus orae maritimae
Authors: D'Encarnação José
Published: November 2024

Fornecem as inscrições honoríficas as mais relevantes informações acerca do complexo e bem organizado sistema político-administrativo romano, porque, ao mostrarem o currículo das personalidades homenageadas, nos dão conta, por vezes, de funções insuspeitadas. É o caso do praefectus orae martimae. A singela análise da homenagem feita por Pompeia Donace a seu marido permite-nos sugestiva incursão nesse domínio.
ADC Drug Map | Antibody-drug Conjugates Database
Authors:   Sunvalley Communication, LLC / ADC Review, Hofland Peter , Garcia Danielle ,   Sunvalley Communication, LLC / ADC Review, Portillo Sonja ,   InPress media Group / ADC Review, Saldana Sonya ,   Sunvalley Communication, LLC / ADC Review, Rosenthal Eric ,   Sunvalley Communication, LLC / Onco'Zine, Reynolds Shelly ,   Sunvalley Communication, LLC / Onco'Zine, Hofland Eryn ,   Sunvalley Communication, LLC / ADC Review, Corvalán Urízar Magdalena ,   Sunvalley Communication, LLC / ADC Review, Adair Abigail ,   Sunvalley Communication, LLC / Onco'Zine
Published: November 2024

Antibody-drug Conjugates or ADCs are highly targeted biopharmaceutical drugs that combine monoclonal antibodies specific to surface antigens present on particular tumor cells with highly potent anti-cancer agents linked via a chemical linker. ADCs have become a powerful class of therapeutic agents in oncology and hematology. Using the latest published peer-reviewed data, the editors of ADC Review | Journal of antibody-drug Conjugates set out to develop the first comprehensive database of therapeutic ADCs in pre-clinical and clinical development as well as providing updates about studies and regulator-approved ADCs. Using multiple sources, the database will be frequently updated with the latest available data.
Legitimidade Democrática em Tempos de Crise
Authors: Ferreira Matheus , Ribeiro Gustavo
Published: November 2024

A partir da última década, em esfera global, os debates públicos e acadêmicos acerca da democracia adentraram um novo estágio, caracterizado por um amplo diagnóstico de crise. Em substituição aos momentos anteriores, marcados, dentre outras, pelas controvérsias acerca dos diversos modelos democráticos normativos ou por discussões como aquelas sobre os processos de democratização, esse novo estágio é suscitado por fenômenos políticos que colocaram em questão as experiências democráticas vigentes. Da ascensão da extrema direita à crise dos partidos de massa, da crescente influência de lideranças populistas aos processos de democratic backsliding (Waldner; Lust, 2018) – a lista é extensa e suscitou respostas analíticas diferentes.
Sentimentos partidários, posicionamento ideológico e voto nas eleições presidenciais de 2014
Authors: Gimenes Éder Rodrigo , Faeti Filipe Vicentini , Rocha Daniel Leonel da
Published: November 2024

Este artigo trata da relação entre comportamento político e comportamento eleitoral, com foco no primeiro aspecto, de modo que seu objetivo é analisar as semelhanças e discrepâncias entre dois polos ou grupos de eleitores: [1] aqueles que manifestaram seu gosto pelo PT, aqueles que se posicionaram à esquerda no espectro ideológico e/ou que votaram em Dilma Rousseff e [2] aqueles que declararam não gostar do PT e/ou se posicionaram à direita no espectro ideológico em relação a [uma] seus determinantes e [b] suas relações adesão à democracia e satisfação com o funcionamento das políticas públicas. Para tanto, é mobilizado um referencial teórico que discute a relevância do tema na atualidade, bem como aspectos históricos e conjunturais sobre os partidos políticos e sua conformação entre o eleitorado brasileiro, a fim de evidenciar o contexto que culminou na identificação do perfil sociodemográfico caracterização dos perfis de petistas posicionados à esquerda, eleitores de Dilma, anti-PT e posicionados à direita em 2014 e as relações entre esses perfis e posicionamentos quanto à adesão à democracia e satisfação com o funcionamento das políticas públicas no Brasil. Conclui-se que houve diferenças entre os perfis, portanto é incorreto tratar os perfis de cada poste como se pudessem ser generalizados.
Aspectos de colonialidade da propriedade intelectual relacionados à saúde
Authors: Lopes Luciana de Melo Nunes , Borde Elis Mina Seraya , Andrade Eli Iola Gurgel
Published: November 2024

A colonialidade é uma lógica estrutural de administração e controle que organiza o mundo desde a invasão da América. Assente em experiências do campo da saúde, em desenvolvimentos teóricos sobre o capitalismo cognitivo e no pensamento decolonial latino-americano, este trabalho visa a apresentar elementos que contribuam para a sustentação de uma hipótese comumente intuída no âmbito do movimento global pelo acesso a medicamentos, mas ainda pouco sistematizada: a de que o sistema global vigente de propriedade intelectual se configura como expressão e dispositivo de colonialidade para a saúde dos povos. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura que aponta para a propriedade intelectual enquanto uma estrutura eurocêntrica e capitalista de manutenção e reprodução da colonialidade, especialmente em sua atual fase, cujas características-chave de domínio das corporações e configuração de uma política de consumidores-empresários da própria saúde são evidenciadas na pandemia de Covid-19.
Energia e clima
Authors: Editorial Comissão
Published: November 2024

A diversificação de fontes de energia, conectada à transição ecológica para um modelo de desenvolvimento sustentável, estão entre os maiores desafios brasileiros do século XXI. Princípios dedica o dossiê desta edição ao debate sobre essas questões, hoje objeto da preocupação de amplas parcelas da população. O equacionamento do binômio produção energética-proteção ambiental é chave para o avanço do país e a melhoria da qualidade de vida.
Inovação tecnológica, carros elétricos e sustentabilidade
Authors: Sousa Euzébio Jorge Silveira de , Vecchio Angelo Del , Costa Rafael Rodrigues da
Published: November 2024

O artigo analisa a estratégia de desenvolvimento da China, centrada em políticas industriais voltadas à inovação tecnológica sustentável, ao fortalecimento da capacidade produtiva interna e à modernização econômica. A hipótese central é que a diversificação energética chinesa, com ênfase em uma matriz de baixo carbono e na rápida expansão das indústrias de painéis fotovoltaicos e carros elétricos, visa equilibrar as necessidades de mitigação climática com a urgência de acelerar o desenvolvimento econômico do país. Esse movimento ocorre em um contexto de crescente competição global, no qual o Ocidente pode, em breve, priorizar a contenção da ascensão chinesa. Na conclusão, o artigo propõe o entendimento de que o Brasil pode capitalizar seu vasto território, sua matriz energética de baixo carbono e seu potencial para gerar inovações limpas, como o etanol, para formular uma estratégia de superação do subdesenvolvimento, impulsionando uma nova indústria marcada pela transição ecológica.