bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assistência interprofissional na reabilitação de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardiovascular
Authors: Soares Júnior Joaquim Rosa , Bravo Julia Chaves Ayres , Aguiar Lucas dos Anjos , Casarotti Sabrina Neves , Soares Danielle Santana , Tonetto Pedro Paulo Fernandes de Aguiar , Fernandes Paolla Algarte , Dessotte Carina Aparecida Marosti , Maier Suellen Rodrigues de Oliveira
Published: February 2023

Verificar se a implementação da assistência interprofissional durante a reabilitação cardiovascular contribuiu para a redução do tempo de internação dos pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca. Estudo observacional, transversal, a partir de consulta em prontuários em um hospital de referência no centro oeste brasileiro, durante o mês de janeiro de 2020. Os dados foram armazenados no programa Epi Info 7.2, por meio de dupla digitação. As análises foram realizadas a partir da estatística descritiva, obtendo frequência simples e percentual para as variáveis nominais, e mínima, máxima e média para as variáveis contínuas. Foram acessados 42 prontuários de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardiovascular, previamente à implementação da assistência interprofissional, e 50 prontuários de pacientes submetidos à intervenção cirúrgica em questão, após a implementação da assistência interprofissional. Em síntese, houve impacto positivo da implementação da assistência interprofissional para a redução do tempo de internação dos pacientes submetidos à cirúrgica cardiovascular.
Arborização da avenida trinta e um de março, centro urbano do município de Tucuruí, Pará
Authors: Dan Tatagiba Sandro , Ribeiro Daniela de Fátima , Nepomuceno Laudiléia Alves , Silva Suzy Simone da , Oliveira Isabela Graziela Lima de
Published: February 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar o inventário da arborização da avenida trinta e um de março, centro urbano do município de Tucuruí-PA. O método utilizado foi do tipo censo, também denominado inventário total. Durante o estudo foram identificadas as espécies arbóreas e famílias, assim como, a origem, além do uso principal. Avaliou-se o tipo de ramificação, a intervenção da poda, a fitossanidade, além do avanço e o conflito das copas das árvores com a avenida e a rede elétrica. As medidas dendométricas das espécies foram realizadas através da altura total e diâmetro na altura do peito. De acordo com os resultados obtidos foram identificadas 12 espécies arbóreas, pertencentes a 10 famílias, totalizando 81 indivíduos. As famílias, Fabaceae e Myrtaceae, apresentaram o maior número de espécies, com duas representantes cada. As demais famílias apresentaram apenas uma espécie representante. Entre as espécies utilizadas para compor a arborização, houve predominância de Mangifera indica (32 indivíduos) seguida por Cenostigma tocantinum (17 indivíduos). Considerando o número de indivíduos levantados, as espécies exóticas representaram a maioria absoluta, com 66,7% do total. A maioria das espécies apresentou ramificação simpodial (91,6%). Quanto à poda das espécies arbóreas, foi observado que a maioria dos indivíduos (87,6% do total) foi feita a intervenção, enquanto a ausência da poda foi detectada em 12,4% dos indivíduos. A maioria dos indivíduos (48,6%) foi implantada em locais na avenida com ausência de rede elétrica, ou seja, distanciados das fiações aéreas. Dos indivíduos que apresentaram as copas das árvores projetadas para a avenida, 37,2% tinham projeção menor que 1,5 m, 20,9% entre 1,5 e 3,0 m e 12,3% maior que 3 m. O porte observado revelou uma predominância de árvores de médio porte, com a altura dos indivíduos entre 5 a 10m e diâmetro na altura do peito entre 15,1 a 30,0cm, reforçando de que a população é composta por indivíduos adultos. Houve uma baixa diversidade de espécies implantadas na arborização da avenida, além de uma distribuição populacional desequilibrada, o que reforça a importância do planejamento dos espaços utilizados, evidenciando a necessidade de ações para o cuidado na poda e com a fitossanidade.
Peningkatan Kreativitas Belajar Peserta Didik Melalui Pendekatan Saintifik Berbasis Steam Di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Andriana Eka Maining , Utami Ratnasari Dyah , Sehati Andari
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah pendekatan saintifik berbasis STEAM dapat meningkatkan kreativitas belajar peserta didik pada pembelajaran tematik kelas V SD Negeri 16 Purwodadi tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan 2 siklus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan kreativitas belajar peserta didik, yaitu melakukan hal baru, 42,50% menjadi 50,63% (siklus I), 76,88% (siklus II). Menyelesaikan pembelajaran, 41,25% menjadi 54,38% (siklus I), 75,63% (siklus II). Memperhatikan media dan bahan ajar, 35% menjadi 55,63% (siklus I), 76,25% (siklus II). Antusias, 35% menjadi 55,63% (siklus I), 76,25% (siklus II). Berani menjawab, 38,75% menjadi 54,38% (siklus I), 75% (siklus II). Berani mengungkapkan ide, 31,25% menjadi 53,13% (siklus I), 74,38% (siklus II). Teliti, 35% menjadi 55,63% (siklus I), 80,63% (siklus II). Tidak putus asa, 42,50% menjadi 50,63% (siklus I), 76,88% (siklus II). Ulet, 41,25% menjadi 54,38% (siklus I), 76,25% (siklus II). Membuat karya, 33,75% menjadi 56,25% (siklus I), 78,13% (siklus II). Disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran menggunakan pendekatan saintifik berbasis STEAM dapat meningkatkan kreativitas belajar pada pembelajaran tematik kelas V SD Negeri 16 Purwodadi tahun pelajaran 2020/2021
Blended Learning Berbasis Blog Sebagai Inovasi Pembelajaran pada Masa Pandemi untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas 3 Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Nopitasari Erna , Rahmawati Fitri Puji , Ratnawati Wahyu
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan Blended Learning berbasis Blog pada masa pandemi untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar Peserta didik kelas 3 sekolah dasar. Menggunakan subjek peserta didik kelas 3 SDN Nglorog 1 Kabupaten Sragen. Jenis penelitiannya adalah kualitatif deskriptif analitik dengan menggunakan data penelitiannya adalah data pengamatan, hasil wawancara, hasil pemotretan, cuplikan tertulis dari dokumen serta catataan lapangan yang didapat dan disusun oleh peneliti. Penelitian menggunakan triangulasi sumber, teknik, dan waktu. Fokus masalah pada penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kurang termotivasi untuk membaca materi melalui buku dan lebih aktif untuk mencari hal yang baru menggunakan mesin pencarian di internet. Sejauh ini diketahui juga bahwa pengajaran yang dilakukan guru pada masa pandemic Covid 19 adalah menggunakan whatsapp grup yang mudah dijangkau dan semua orang mempunyai aplikasinya untuk membagikan materi dan soal. Di mana peserta didik perlu mengunduh terlebih dahulu materi maupun soal pada kegiatan belajar dari rumah. Hasil dalam penelitian ini adalah tindakan kelas untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik yang awalnya motivasi belajar peserta didik kurang dari 50 % dan berada di kategori rendah, sekarang dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran blended learning berbasis blog motivasi belajar peserta didik menjadi 77,89 % masuk dalam kategori tinggi dan sudah terpenuhi.
Investasi Emas Online pada Aplikasi Marketplace Tokopedia dalam Perspektif Fikih Muamalah
Authors: Syamsiah Nur  , Muftiha Aulia Rahmah N
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine law of online gold investment in the Tokopedia marketplace application in perspective of muamalah fiqh. This research is a library research using a juridical and normative approach. In analyzing the data, the researcher used content analysis. Results of this study are the practice of online gold investment carried out at Tokopedia Emas based on a study of general arguments sourced from the Qur'an, and specific arguments from the hadith and the views of the mu'tabar scholars of the four schools of thought considered invalid/unlawful. because it does not fulfill the muamalah contract, namely the absence of the handover of goods (gold). Implication of this research is the public can know and understand the shari'a views on gold investment in the Tokopedia marketplace application so that Muslims will always prioritize the precautionary principle that comes from a knowledge in investing in gold.
Praktik Kerja Sama Bagi Hasil Ternak Kambing (Kambi’) Perspektif Hukum Islam (Studi Kasus Desa Tangru Kecamatan Malua Kabupaten Enrekang)
Authors: Aswanto Muhammad Takwi Hede  , Azwar Azwar , Akhmad Hanafi Dain Yunta  , Hudzaifah Muhammad
Published: February 2023

This study aims to: (1) determine the practice of sharing goats (kambi') in Tangru Village, Malua District, Enrekang Regency; and (2) knowing the views of Islamic law on the practice of sharing the results of the goat (kambi') livestock. This research is a qualitative research through field research with a normative and empirical juridical approach. The results of the study show the following things. First, the practice of kambi' in Tangru Village can be briefly described as follows: (1) related to the contract, the practice of kambi' in Tangru Village is a cooperation agreement in animal husbandry, with the object of the contract, namely goats, with a profit-sharing mechanism; (2) related to rights and obligations, livestock owners and breeders are entitled to get results according to the agreement, livestock owners are obliged to hand over capital to breeders, while breeders are obliged to care for and breed goats as the object of the contract; (3) related to risk coverage, the occurrence of losses on capital will be borne by the livestock owners as long as the losses arise due to something unintentional; and (4) regarding profit sharing, the parties agree on a 50:50 distribution ratio. Second, in the view of Islamic law, the practice of the contract is permissible, as long as it is carried out in accordance with the pillars and conditions. However, there are several notes that should be noted, namely: (1) the cooperation agreement is not made in writing; (2) there is no agreement regarding the potential loss that occurs due to negligence of the breeder; (3) there are still some cooperation actors who have not determined the profit-sharing ratio at the beginning of the contract, but only stipulate it after the goat gives birth for the first time.
Penerapan Kaidah al-Ajru wa al- Ḍamān Lā Yajtama'ān pada Penyewaan Rumah di Desa Rumpia, Kecamatan Majauleng, Kabupaten Wajo, Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Syandri Syandri , Santi Sarni  , Sri Rahmayanti
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the application of the rules of al-Ajru wa al-Ḍamān Lā Yajtama'ān on house rentals in Rumpia Village, Majauleng District, Wajo Regency, South Sulawesi. The purpose of this study is an effort to obtain answers to muamalah problems, especially renting using a type of field research with fiqh, normative theological, and sociological approaches. The research results found are as follows; First, the house rental system in Rumpia village, Majauleng District, Wajo Regency is carried out by an oral contract between the tenant and the owner of the house without making a written contract with an annual payment system according to the agreement at the time of the contract. Second, the application of the rules of al-Ajru wa al-Ḍamāni Lā Yajtama'ān in the house rental system is still low. This is known from the system and policies implemented by the owner, most of which still require the tenant to pay compensation for damage to home facilities, whether caused by the negligence of the tenant or outside of the tenant's negligence. In fact, in the anafī school there is a rule (al-Ajru wa al-Ḍamān Lā Yajtama'ān) which explains the prohibition on collecting rental fees and replacement costs in one condition if the damage is not from the lessee. Based on this description, it can be understood that the application of the al-Ajru wa al-Ḍamān Lā Yajtama'ān rule in house rentals in Rumpia Village, Majauleng District, Wajo Regency is not yet fully actual.
Kriteria Fī Sabīlillāh sebagai Mustahik Zakat pada Lembaga Amil Zakat Nasional Wahdah Islamiyah Pusat
Authors: Khaerul Aqbar  , Nuraeni Novira  , Muhammad Muhammad , Musfirah Az-Zahrah A.
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine and understand the criteria of fῑ sabῑlillāh as zakat mustahik at the National Amil Zakat Institution (Laznas) of Centre of Wahdah Islamiyah. The study use a qualitative type of field research using a normative approach. The research results found are as follows; (1) Fῑ Sabῑlillāh is one of the eight groups who are entitled to receive zakat. The definition of fῑ sabῑlillāh itself is a deed that leads to the pleasure of Allah swt. and His heaven, especially jihad to elevate the sentence of monotheism. At present, there are more categories of fῑ sabῑlillāh, such as the construction of mosques, hospitals, schools, orphanages, orphans and other da'wah facilities. (2) The criteria for fȋ sabȋlillāh as zakat mustahik at Laznas Wahdah Islamiyah as also used as a reference by the National Amil Zakat Agency (BAZNAS), that fȋ sabȋlillāh are all activities that support da'wah activities, both da'wah implementers (da'i), da'wah institutions and facilities infrastructure that supports the da'wah itself. The determination of mustahik anāf fȋ sabȋlillāh is carried out after going through several stages of the survey of mustahik candidates. The data obtained from the survey is then processed whether the prospective mustahik deserves to receive zakat or not, the next is sorting the program according to the needs of the mustahik. (3) The distribution of zakat fȋ sabȋlillāh at Laznas Wahdah Islamiyah is carried out after the mustahik selection process using the survey method. Laznas Wahdah Islamiyah's strategy in distributing zakat is to see which asnaf is a priority and is encountered in its management. The distribution of funds is carried out directly by Laznas Wahdah Islamiyah.
توسيع وتضييق المعنى في القرآن الكري
Authors: Abdurrahman Muhammad Quwwatul Islam
Published: February 2023

This study aims to identify semantic developments in the pronunciation of the Qur'an based on modern linguistic studies, and to find out the views of linguists and commentators both classical and contemporary, regarding the manifestations of semantic development, especially in narrowing and expanding the meaning contained in pronunciation. -recitation of the Qur'an, and knowledge of linguistic phenomena and their factors. This study uses a descriptive analytical approach. The results show that classical and contemporary scholars have clarified the pronunciations in the Qur'an which refer to a broader meaning than in the past, and the connotations are wider than before, and show a narrower meaning than before, and its connotations become narrower than before.
نفي الفرق وعلاقته بالقياس (دراسة تطبيقية في كتاب العزيز شرح الوجيز للرافعي)
Authors: Eko Misbahuddin Hasibuan
Published: February 2023

This research aims to clafiry the relation between deniying the difference with mensuration, by mentioning the definition of deniying the difference and mensuration by scholars of the principles of jurisprudence. It appears by looking between the two concepts that there is a close relationship between them. This research is based on the descriptive, analytical and deductive method, because it combine the theory and practice, and attempt to deduce the type of relationship between measurement and the negation of the difference from some jurisprudential applications in the book of Al-Aziz Syarh al-Wajiz By Imam al-Rafi'i. The research reveals important results, including: (First) To negate the difference is a kind of analogy, it may be a clear or hidden analogy, according to the obligations or the common meanings between the branch and the original of matter. (Second) It is necessary to investigate the causes and causes affecting the appending of the branch to the original, so that the researcher can judge whether the difference is proven or not. (Third) Knowing the aspect of denying the difference between the two issues, that apparent difference in the ruling, and its obligations, requires looking at the books of the schools of thought, then comparing them to find out what is most likely between the correctness of the appendix or its inaccuracy, it based on the evidence mentioned by each team strength and weakness.
Penyaluran Zakat untuk Penanganan Dampak Covid-19 dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam (Analisis Pendapat Para Ulama Fikih)
Authors: Patahuddin Askar , Azwar Azwar , Muh. Syukur S.
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the law of distributing zakat in the prevention of Covid-19 based on the perspective of Islamic law. This research is a type of qualitative research that focuses on the study of texts (library research) with a normative and historical approach. The results of the study show that the law for distributing zakat is in tackling or handling the impact of Covid-19, such as the allocation of consumptive zakat on the procurement of basic needs, medicines, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) clothing for medical personnel, disinfectants needed by officers or volunteers, and others, are mubah (permissible). This law of permissibility is based on the study of the verses of the Qur'an, hadith and the opinions of scholars. However, this permit still has to prioritize the poor in meeting their basic needs in the form of zakat distribution, both in cash and in kind.
Hak Waris Anak dalam Kandungan (Studi Komparatif Mazhab Syāfi’i dan Mazhab Hanafi)
Authors: Akhmad Hanafi Dain Yunta  , Chamdar Nur  , Amirullah Amirullah
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the determination of the inheritance rights of children in the womb by comparing the Syafii school of thought and the Hanafi school of thought. This study uses a type of library research (Library Research), which seeks data through existing literature, as well as draws conclusions as answers to the problems that have been formulated. The results showed that the determination of the inheritance rights of the child in the womb according to the Syafii school of thought is the distribution of inheritance in the al-ḥaml case, it should be postponed until the fetus in the womb is born, so that the situation becomes clear. The Hanafi school of thought says that the division of the inheritance of children in the womb can be distributed without having to wait for the birth of the fetus.
Pemanfaatan Air Gambut untuk Berwudu dalam Perspektif Fikih Taharah
Authors: Syamsiah Nur  , Sartini La Mbajo  , Anastasya Putri
Published: February 2023

This study aims to introduce one type of water in Indonesia, namely peat water and its use for ablution in the perspective of taharah fiqh. This research is a library research that focuses on the study of manuscripts and texts, using a normative and descriptive juridical approach. In analyzing the data, the researcher used content analysis. The results of this study are peat water that has not been processed, the law can be permissible, makruh or forbidden to use for ablution. It is permissible to use peat water whose pH and organic matter can still be categorized as normal, but it is makruh if it is used long term as a form of caution. If it has been processed into clean water, it is legal to use it for ablution even though the taste, color and smell have changed by taking into account the increasing demand for clean water. The legal decisions that have been made have not taken into account the adaptability that the community around peat water may have.
Konsep Bai’ Mabrūr pada Transaksi Barter Petani Garam di Kabupaten Jeneponto
Authors: St Nurrahma  , Irwan Misbach  , Amiruddin K
Published: February 2023

This study aims to analyze the barter transactions of salt farmers and then to elaborate on the concept of bai' mabrūr in transactions carried out by the community in Jeneponto Regency. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method with a sharia economic approach. The results of the study show that salt barter transactions have occurred since ancient times and are still ongoing today. The objects exchanged are basic necessities, such as rice, sugar, coffee and cigarettes. The exchange stage starts with the process of mutual contact between farmers and traders, then the process of negotiation and price estimation. In terms of mabrur or acceptance of barter transactions, the results of these barter transactions are more dominant in terms of the good or the benefits rather than the disadvantages. Salt barter transactions show a form of mutual help for both parties, where traders help farmers in meeting their daily needs and in marketing salt, while from the other side, farmers also help traders in terms of getting salt more easily which is also resold. to get more profit.
الكتاب الدراسي "العربية بين يديك )المجلد الثاني)" (دراسة تحليلية وصفية تقويمية)
Authors: Nurfiah Nurfiah , Azhar Arsyad  , Rappe Rappe
Published: February 2023

تحدث هذا البحث عن الكتاب الدراسي العربية بين يديك المجلد الثاني (دراسة تحليلية وصفية تقويمية). وأهدافه: ۱- معرفة محتويات الكتاب العربية بين يديك المجلد الثاني كالكتاب الدراسي، ٢- معرفة وفاء/توافق الكتاب العربية بين يديك المجلد الثاني بمعايير الكتاب الدراسي نوع البحث المستخدم في هذا البحث هو بحث نوعي. توصل البحث إلى أن هذا الكتاب قد احتوى على عناصر الكتاب الدراسيى في تعليم اللغة العربية لغير الناطقين بها.فلذلك أصبح هذا الكتاب يحسُن تعليمه بالنظر إلى معايير عرض محتوى الكتاب وكان وافيًا كالكتاب الدارسي في تدريس اللغة العربية لغير الناطقين بها.والمستفاد من هذا البحث أنه يكون أساسا و مادة و مرجعية لفهم الكتاب الدراسي الجيد في تعليم اللغة العربية لغير الناطقين بها.
Analisis Hadis-hadis Terkait Garar dan Hukumnya dalam Jual Beli Juzāf
Authors: Muhammad Taufan Djafri  , Abdul Rahman Sakka  , La Ode Ismail Ahmad
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the sanad hadiths related to garar and the law in buying and selling juzāf. This research is a qualitative research, the type of research is library research, and uses a thematic approach. The results of the study show that the hadiths that are raised and become references for the prohibition of garar in buying and selling are considered mutually reinforcing one another, especially because they are supported by the valid hadith li żātihi in Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim. Garar in buying and selling is unclear whether or not the object exists and the shape, size, weight or volume of the object is unclear. Garar in the sale and purchase of juzāf is permissible by the majority of scholars because the garar is small with conditions set by the scholars.
Eksistensi Muslimah dalam Membangun Peradaban Umat di Kabupaten Enrekang
Authors: Sri Ujiana Putri
Published: February 2023

The Prophet Muhammad saw. was sent to convey the prophetic treatise from Allah Swt. in order to make Islam a complete and perfect belief, and to protect humanity as rahmatan lil 'alamin. Muslimah Wahdah Region of Enrekang in collaboration with Student Community Service of STIBA Makassar Year of 2022 makes activities for Muslim women and children as a form of existence in restoring Islamic civilization, among these activities are teaching TPA, teaching tahfidz, teaching Arabic, carrying out cycles of memorizing the Qur'an, conducting seminars about Ramadan, and spreading the Qur'an and Ifthor. The Real Work Lecture Program in collaboration with MWD Enrekang can run well even though there are activities that are not carried out.
Planes de cuidados de enfermería: propuesta para padres con escolares que padecen sobrepeso u obesidad
Authors: Pool-Góngora Roberth Amilcar , Balam-Gómez Maricela , Tuyub-Itza Meris Yemina
Published: February 2023

Introducción: Prácticas alimentarias inadecuadas ocasionan sobrepeso y obesidad infantil, hábitos que se aprenden en la familia y el entorno social; en México, la prevalencia incrementó un 1.1% en relación al 2012. Contar con planes de cuidados de enfermería brindará una orientación para disminuir obesidad en la familia al fomentar hábitos nutricionales saludables. Objetivo: Diseñar planes de cuidados de enfermería dirigido a padres de niños con sobrepeso u obesidad, factibles de implementar dentro del entorno familiar. Metodología: Se empleó la propuesta para elaboración del plan de cuidados de enfermería de la Comisión Permanente de Enfermería en México. La delimitación del problema fue mediante valoración a 30 padres/madres con hijos/as de 5 a 11 años que padecían sobrepeso u obesidad. La construcción de los planes de cuidados se realizó según el análisis de la valoración mediante la Teoría Enfermera del Déficit del Autocuidado, la taxonomía North American Nursing Diagnosis Associaton, Nursing Outcomes Classification y Nursing Interventions Classification, clasificadas de acuerdo con sistemas enfermeros propuestos por Orem. Resultados: Se identificaron factores condicionantes básicos como hábitos nutricionales deficientes en la familia, obesidad y sobrepeso en escolares, a partir de los cuales se crearon cinco planes de cuidados: desempeño ineficaz del rol, conductas de mantenimiento ineficaz de la salud, conocimiento deficiente, tendencia a adoptar conductas de riesgo para la salud y dinámica de alimentación ineficaz del preescolar y escolar. Conclusiones: Continuar el desarrollo de planes de cuidados para prevenir y disminuir obesidad en la niñez que aumente o mejore su calidad de vida.
Understanding partition literature as testimonial writings through urvashi butalia’s text “the other side of violence”
Authors:   Suganthi Asaal A
Published: February 2023

The literature of Partition became a witness to the atrocities committed during the partition riots. They have portrayed the trauma that people had to undergo during the chaos and how the violence has left a scar on their psyche which they carry for the rest of their lives. The writings testify to the worst of the butchery unleashed during this time madness.The paper attempts to understand The Other Side of Silence, byUrvashiButaliaas oral narratives presenting itself astestimonios that have been interspersed with historical facts. It has attempted to counter mainstream narratives and testify the life during partition riots by gathering individual experiences, narrating their pain and trauma as witnesses to the horror and violence inflicted on the common people. Butalia focuses on the marginalised sections like the women, children and lower castes within the society and thereby becomes the voice of the subaltern.
Cytomegalovirus at the crossroads of immunosenescence and oncogenesis
Authors: Bouezzedine Fidaa , El Baba Ranim , Morot-Bizot Stéphanie , Diab-Assaf Mona , Herbein Georges
Published: February 2023

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), whose genome is around 235 kb, is a ubiquitous human herpesvirus that infects between 40% and 95% of the population. Though HCMV infection is commonly asymptomatic and leads to subtle clinical symptoms, it can promote robust immune responses and establish lifelong latency. In addition, in immunocompromised hosts, including individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), transplant recipients, and developing fetuses it can lead to severe diseases. Immunosenescence, well-defined as the alterations in the immune system, is linked mainly to aging and has been recently gathering considerable attention. Senescence was characterized by an elevated inflammation and hence considered a powerful contributor to “inflammaging” that is measured mainly by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels as well as latent viral infections, for instance, cytomegalovirus (CMV). Inflammaging resulted in a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). HCMV is markedly associated with accelerated aging of the immune system as well as several age-associated diseases that accumulate and subsequently deteriorate the immune responses, thus have been linked to mortality, declined vaccine efficacy, serious diseases, and tumors in the elderly. HCMV triggers or exacerbates immunosenescence; on the other hand, the weakened immune responses and inflammaging favor viral reactivation and highlight the role of HCMV in aging as well as viral-associated tumors. HCMV reactivation resulting in sequential lytic and latent viral cycles could contribute to HCMV genomic variability. Besides the oncomodulatory role and transforming capacities of HCMV, the immune-privileged tumor microenvironment has been considered the main element in tumor progression and aggressiveness. Therefore, the interplay between HCMV, immunosenescence, and cancer will aid in discovering new therapeutic approaches that target HCMV and act as immune response boosters mainly to fight cancers of poor prognosis, particularly in the elderly population.
On BT-limited Signals
Authors: Xia Xiang-Gen
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we introduce and characterize a subspace of bandlimited signals. The subspace consists of all bandlimited signals such that the non-zero parts of their Fourier transforms are pieces of some T bandlimited signals. The signals in the subspace are called BT-limited signals and the subspace is named as BT-limited signal space. For BT-limited signals, a signal extrapolation with an analytic error estimate exists outside the interval [−T, T ] of given signal values with errors. Some new properties about and applying BT-limited signals are also presented.
Tax system of Ukraine: genesis and current state
Authors: KOBYLNIK Dmytro , KAZARIN Bohdan , KARAVANSKYI Oleh
Published: February 2023

The paper comprehensively examines the development of the national tax system, its constituent elements, and determines its role in the economic activity of the state. Special attention is paid to normative and legal acts that carried out legal regulation in the studied period. The impact of the tax system on stimulating or disincentivizing the development of certain sectors of the economy is considered. Scientific literature, statistical data in the field of taxation, which allow assessing the current state of the domestic tax system, have been studied.
During the study of the topic, the special role and importance of the tax system in the economic activity of the state, which is the foundation of the budget and allows the state to effectively implement the necessary socially important functions, was proven. In the formation of public money funds, which are then directed to the relevant spheres of life, tax revenues in comparison with other budget revenues provide a significantly larger share of profit to the corresponding budget, and therefore, in recent years, the leadership trend of tax revenues in the revenues of the budget of Ukraine has been maintained. Legislative regulation of tax revenues is ensured by tax and budget legislation. During the study of the development of the tax system of Ukraine, its constant development and improvement, a significant change in the composition of tax payments from the initial situation to the current state were revealed. The processes of regulatory regulation of the reforms carried out are also considered. A particularly significant contribution to the development of the tax system of Ukraine was made by the Tax Code of Ukraine, which systematized the structure of tax legislation.
Formation and implementation of the "right to hope" concept on the national level
Authors: RIABUSHCHENKO Danylo
Published: February 2023

The paper describes the elements that implement and condition the "right to hope", but are the object of violation at the national level. First of all, the importance of the "right to hope" of a person imprisoned for life is emphasized, in terms of the fundamental human value – the dignity of the person. The historical retrospective of the origin of the measure of punishment in the form of life imprisonment is outlined. The interpretation of the "right to hope" in the context of Article 3 of the ECHR and the practice of the ECHR was carried out. In addition, the violation of the "right to hope" in the aspect of the lack of the right itself for a person imprisoned for life was considered. The importance of compliance with the full implementation of punishment, in the sense of correction of the convicted person, is noted, which determines the formation of the "right to hope". Attention is focused on the available mechanisms for releasing a person from serving a sentence of life imprisonment. The institution of pardon by the President of Ukraine was studied in the context of the release of persons sentenced to life terms. The compliance of this mechanism with Article 3 of the ECHR was also analyzed through the prism of the practice of the ECHR. Reports of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture, Recommendations of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe to member states were additionally analyzed.
The ECHR's practice has been elaborated on parole and early release of life prisoners. The main legal positions of the Court are highlighted, in the context of the possibility of a life prisoner to be released on parole. In particular, the case "Petukhov v. Ukraine" was considered and the main remarks and instructions of the Court regarding the national mechanism for the implementation of the "right to hope" were examined.
The Laws "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts Regarding the Implementation of Decisions of the European Court of Human Rights" No. 2689-IX dated 18.20.2022 and "On Amendments to the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses, the Criminal Code of Ukraine and the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine regarding implementation of decisions of the European Court of Human Rights" dated 18.10.2022 No. 2690-IX, which were developed back in 2020 as a normative reaction to the decision of the ECHR "Petukhov v. Ukraine".
The political question doctrine in the practice of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine: expedient "self-restraint" or a springboard for malpractice
Authors: LETNIANCHYN Liubomyr , KONTAROVA Tetiana
Published: February 2023

Introduction. The paper studies the problem of the distinction between the following categories: "politics" and "law". Appeal to the political question doctrine and its introduction into national practice is an important achievement of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, but the definition of its scope and limits is still an open question.
Purpose. This paper is intended to shed some light on certain problem aspects associated with the scope of the political question doctrine and politicization of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, notably by analysing the relevant legal positions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, taking into account the political results, which took place in connection therewith.
Results. The line between legal and political issues is quite thin. Taking into consideration the foregoing and that the final decision on whether the respective issue is political shall be taken by the Constitutional Court of Ukraine at its absolute discretion, the definition of the scope and limits of the political question doctrine becomes more and more important. The analysis of the decisions outlined herein and their outcomes shows that certain legal issues have been ignored by the Constitutional Court of Ukraine in favour of the political goals pursued by public authorities. In some cases, a lack of action has been a precondition for the satisfying of political interests, and in other cases the “convenient” legal positions.
Conclusion. Decisions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine shall not be acts of political will. The mission of courts is to resolve issues of law, therefore, the motives of political expediency cannot be at the core thereof. The Constitutional Court of Ukraine is not a tool for perusing political goals. The political question doctrine shall not be used as a springboard for malpractice, as its idea is that courts shall either refuse the hearing of political questions or perform their function when the issue of law takes place. The lack of clear criteria that would allow to distinguish political issues from legal ones causes certain legal uncertainty and unpredictability. It is obvious that the Constitutional Court of Ukraine should not take over functions that are not inherent hereto and turn into an expression of political will.
The right to protection in the practice of national courts and international judicial institutions whose jurisdiction is recognized by Ukraine
Authors: SOBCHUK Anton
Published: February 2023

It is noted that in order to establish the content of the right to defense, it is necessary to study the interpretation of the right to defense in the practice of national courts. The list of the main circumstances that were considered by the European Court of Human Rights in the decisions against Ukraine in the context of the violation of the right to defense was determined. The inexhaustibility of the circumstances that may constitute a violation of the right to defense, which are the result of judicial discretion, is emphasized; judicial discretion refers to the judge's power to make decisions based on his individual judgment, guided by principles of justice and law. It was determined that the consequences of judicial discretion are determined by its compliance with the requirements of the law, motivation, justice and objectivity.
According to the results of the study of the decisions of national courts - resolutions of the CCS of the Supreme Court, it was established that the CCS of the Supreme Court gave an assessment as a violation of the right to defense in the following cases: conducting an investigative action; consideration of the case in the appellate procedure in the absence of the convicted person, who was a minor at the time of the crime, and his lawyer; failure to ensure the participation of a defense attorney at all stages of court proceedings against a person convicted of committing particularly serious crimes, including during the review of court decisions based on newly discovered circumstances; consideration in the court of appeals of the prosecutor's appeal, in which the question is raised about the deterioration of the condition of the convicted person, in the absence of the latter, or in the absence of the defendant who is in custody, as well as his defender, who had not previously participated in this criminal proceeding; the trial in the appeals court was started without finding out whether the convicted person and his defense attorney were properly notified of the date and time of the hearing, holding a hearing in the appeals court without the participation of the defense attorney who was not properly notified of the hearing, including in those cases when the court unreasonably ignores the request of the defense party to postpone the court session; holding a trial in a court of first instance or appellate instance with the participation of a person who, due to mental disabilities, is unable to fully exercise his rights, in the absence of a defense attorney, or the absence of verification of the need to ensure the mandatory participation of a defense attorney in criminal proceedings against persons who, due to mental or physical disabilities defects are not able to fully realize their rights.
Protection of the rights of consumers of financial services in conditions of martial law
Authors: SMYCHOK Yevhen , TKACHOVA Viktoriia , MATSAK Oleksandr
Published: February 2023

Oleksandr Anatoliiovych MATSAK
The article discusses in detail the mechanism for ensuring the protection of the rights of consumers of financial services. The importance of prudential regulation is pointed out, the purpose of which is to preserve the strong financial position and capacity of financial institutions and the system.
The aggression of the Russian Federation in 2022 caused great damage, therefore the importance of Ukraine's cooperation with the European Union, other states and international banks to ensure the protection of the rights of Ukrainians is indicated.
The importance of a quick response of the state to the realities of today through the adoption of emergency legal acts is emphasized.
The National Bank of Ukraine liquidated a number of systemically important banks that were under the leadership of the Russian Federation, which led to certain difficulties, which were discussed in detail in the article.
Many ways of protecting and supporting consumers of financial services were noted, including: cancellation of fees for international transfers, introduction of the "cash at the counter" service, and support of the International Financial Fund.
Next, the mechanism of implementation of the policy on the protection of the rights of consumers of financial services was considered. The protection of the rights of consumers of financial services, who are military personnel, is analyzed in detail. It is indicated that consideration of cases regarding the protection of the rights of consumers of financial services, where one of the parties is a serviceman, is subject to suspension until the end of martial law. It is also noted on the prohibition of forced demand for repayment of overdue debt for servicemen and their family members.
The process of liquidation of systemically important banks and the impact on consumers of these banks' services is analyzed. It was noted that the state guarantees the return of funds to depositors, but not all funds can be returned, which sometimes causes indignation.
The conclusion emphasizes that in the conditions of martial law, legislation on the protection of the rights of consumers of financial services quickly adapts to new realities and copes with its own tasks.
Conceptualization of the socio-economic vector of restoring the tourism and recreation potential of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law
Authors: FILIUK Svitlana
Published: February 2023

The legitimate task of the government and local self-government under the current conditions of martial law, in particular, against the background of a decrease in industrial potential, is to find ways to develop and effectively use the tourism and recreation potential of Ukraine and individual regions. At the scientific level, this task is transformed into a research question regarding the prospects of strengthening the socio-economic role of Ukraine's tourism and recreation potential in wartime. This work aimed to conceptualize the socio-economic vector of restoration of Ukraine's tourism and recreation potential during the war. Following the purpose of this study, the critical research results were obtained based on systemic, dialectical, and anthropocentric approaches using methods of critical analysis of scientific sources, structural-functional analysis, and phenomenological conceptualization. According to the results of the conducted research, it was established that, firstly, the restoration of the tourist and recreational potential would not aim so much at the intensification of the economic development of the territory (which seems to be expedient after the end of military operations) or of the state (which appears to be at least a dubious decision from the point of view of Ukraine's foreign partners, because it will not have the same effect as, for example, investments in industry, agriculture, and the fuel and energy complex), as investments in the restoration and preservation of the human potential of the state. Secondly, it has been proven that the emphasis on the social role of the tourist and recreational potential will allow for bypassing the restrictions imposed on the state's participation in economic processes under the market economy since economic issues. However, they will be solved in general. They will recede into the background against the background of solving the social problems of unemployment, migration, and cultural, spiritual, and physical restoration of the nation.
The usage of the marketing information system in enterprise’s management
Authors: BLYZNIUK Andrii
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Modern society is entering a new information age. The level of economic development is determined not so much by the mass of natural resources as by the scientific content of products and intellectual potential. At the same time, new phenomena are emerging in society, which have received the name of informational and technological dictatorship as a way to solve the pressing problems of the modern world, which has crossed the threshold of technetronic civilization.
The purpose of the paper is to study issues related to the use of the marketing information system in management to solve problems of increasing the efficiency of the enterprise.
Results. The problem of introducing information systems and technologies into enterprise management becomes especially relevant during the transition from a multi-product economy to a multi-branch and diversified one. Marketing information systems are mostly aimed at determining the need for marketing information, which is necessary for the management of the enterprise, which, in turn, is used as a timely receipt and provision at any level of management of the organization of timely management decisions in which the market and the consumer will be interested. Marketing information systems represent a set of organizational rules regarding carriers and consumers of information, information flows between them, their rights to information and methods necessary for information processing. The main task of the marketing information system is to create a system that allows you to quickly and rationally process information, filter and condense information, correctly send information in the right amount, at the right point and at the right time, clearly define the sources of information and the rights of users at each level.
Conclusion. The use of a marketing information system is a prerequisite for the operation of a modern enterprise. This system will have a positive effect on the adoption of reasonably competent strategic decisions in management, which will be aimed at increasing the level of competitiveness and strengthening the economic security of the subject of economic activity. Further development of the information technology market, taking into account the use of automated systems, will lead to a rapid growth of the company's economic activity indicators, as well as to the effective development of the state's economy as a whole.
Criminal liability of the auditor for abuse of authority
Authors: VASHCHUK Olena
Published: February 2023

The paper is devoted to determining the grounds for bringing the auditor to criminal liability for abuse of authority. The Criminal Code of Ukraine provides for liability for abuse of authority by persons who provide public services. It is a crime to abuse one's powers by an auditor for the purpose of obtaining an illegal benefit, if this caused significant damage to the legally protected rights or interests of individual citizens, state or public interests, or the interests of legal entities. The guilty person shall be punished in the form of a fine from two thousand to four thousand non-taxable minimum incomes of citizens or restriction of liberty for a term of up to three years, or deprivation of liberty for the same term with deprivation of the right to hold certain positions or engage in certain activities for a term of up to ten years.
Public danger of the act provided for in Part 1 of Art. 365-2 of the Criminal Code, due to the fact that abuse of authority by the auditor violates the established procedure for carrying out professional activities related to the provision of public services. Criminal liability for inaction arises under the conditions, if the auditor in a specific situation was obliged to perform a certain action and could perform it, however, failed to do so, for example failed to verify the details of the ultimate beneficial owner of the legal entity during customer due diligence.
Abuse of authority is punishable as a criminal offense if it was committed for the purpose of obtaining an unlawful benefit and caused significant damage. Specific forms of abuse of powers by the auditor may be different and depend on the content of the granted powers and the scope of their application. The auditor's legitimate exercise of his powers excludes criminal liability.