bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE GOOGLE FORM APPLICATION TO ADMINISTRATOR LEADERSHIP TRAINING ACTIVITIES AT THE HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT AGENCY IN BENGKULU PROVINCE
Authors: Setiawan Muhammad Rivandy , Ramadanni A.
Published: March 2024

Technological developments in terms of attendance allow event organizers or agencies to record attendance more easily. Before there was digital attendance filling, all were filled manually with paper and signatures. As a result, it is often difficult to record attendance and it takes a long time to record attendance. Currently, an example of technology that is present to overcome problems in attendance is the use of Google Forms. Google Forms is an application from Google that is general in nature and can be accessed at no cost or free. Google Forms can be used across a variety of devices. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using Google Forms in filling attendance at the HRD Agency OF Bengkulu Province. The research method used is a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. Collecting data by means of observation, interviews, documentation, and focus group discussions. As a result, participants and organizers found it helpful to use Google Forms for attendance, plus the signature of each participant when filling out attendance. The use of Google Forms in organizing apparatus leadership training activities at the HRD Agency of Bengkulu Province can be available for free, easy to operate, and can be accessed anywhere and anytime. The problems faced are sometimes unstable networks, PICs who still don't have a Google account, and some participants who still don't understand how to fill out Google Forms. Efforts made by HRD Agency of Bengkulu Province were to replace the wifi network with a personal data network, conduct a brief socialization of the creation of a Google account as well as the creation of a Google Form, and socialize to participants about filling out Google Forms to completion.
REFORMASI BIROKRASI: KORUPSI DALAM BIROKRASI INDONESIA
Authors: Rahman Hardiyanto
Published: March 2024

Indonesian Government Bureaucratic Reform in Grand Design Bureaucratic Reform is expected to become a World Class Bureaucracy with bureaucratic reform agendas since 2010 and will be completed in 2024. This research is a research based on secondary data that utilizes various data and documents from various sources in the form of reports, research, books, journals and other data from the government and private parties through Google Scholar and the official government website. This study uses 3 main indicators, namely the Development of Corruption in Indonesia, Bureaucratic Reform Efforts and Challenges/Obstacles in Bureaucratic Reform. The results of the study show that the Indonesian government's bureaucratic reform has changed for the better, but at the local government level it still needs to be a major concern because in addition to the high level of corruption, the index of bureaucratic reform in local governments is still quite low.
STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA DI KABUPATEN ENDE PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Authors: Agnita Agnes , Sartika Ika
Published: March 2024

Dana desa yang sudah digulirkan sejak tahun 2015 sangat membantu desa dan masyarakatnya untuk meningkatkan pembangunan desa. Dalam pelaksanaanya tentu saja bukan tanpa masalah. Pemberian dana desa di Indonesia merupakan peluang yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat desa melalui pembangunan desa. Tetapi di sisi lain, dana desa juga merupakan ancaman jika tidak dapat dimanfaatkan dengan baik. Oleh karena itu pengelolaan dana desa memerlukan strategi untuk meraih peluang dengan memanfaatkan kekuatan dan kelemahan serta mengantisipasi berbagai ancaman. Penelitian ini mencoba merumuskan strategi pengelolaan dana desa di Kabupaten Ende Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah eksploratif untuk mengidentifikasi peluang, ancaman, kekuatan, serta kelemahan dalam pengelolaan dana desa di Kabupaten Ende. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah Focus Group Discussion (FGD) yang melibatkan seluruh pemangku kepentingan dalam pengelolaan dana desa di Kabupaten Ende, yang terdiri atas: aparat desa, tokoh masyarakat, pimpinan dan staf di Dinas Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Kabupaten Ende. Dengan menggunakan Analisis SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa strategi jangka pendek yang harus segera dilaksanakan adalah: meningkatkan kapasitas aparatur serta melakukan pendampingan kepada aparat dan masyarakat desa dalam pengelolaan dana desa. Pemerintah Kabupaten Ende sebaiknya menyiapkan payung hukum untuk memformalkan strategi pengelolaan dana desa supaya dapat dirujuk oleh semua pihak terkait
COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE PENANGANAN BAGI KORBAN KEKERASAN PEREMPUAN DAN ANAK MELALUI RUMAH AMAN KEMENTERIAN PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN DAN PERLINDUNGAN ANAK
Authors: Tielung Frangky , Nurdin Nurliah , Sri Neneng
Published: March 2024

This study aims to identify and analyze the criteria and prerequisites for safe houses for women and children victims of violence with a victim's perspective and responsive to gender and to obtain a model of collaboration between government agencies (collaborative governance) in handling women and children victims of violence in safe homes. This study uses a qualitative method with a grounded theory approach. Data collection techniques were carried out by interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique uses qualitative analysis with 4 stages, namely data reduction, data collection, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the criteria and conditions for safe houses for women and children who were victims of violence had been regulated in the Pergub Prov. DKI Jakarta No. 44 of 2019 concerning Amendments to the Provincial Governor Regulation. DKI Jakarta No. 48 of 2018 concerning Safe Homes for Women and Children Victims of Violence, and can be divided into 3 (three) types of requirements, namely location and security requirements, infrastructure and physical facilities requirements, and service requirements. Referring to the perspective of victims and gender, the requirements for a safe house are safe and comfortable and able to meet all the needs of victims, both physical and non-physical. Collaborative models in safe houses require initial conditions accompanied by good institutional dimensions. In the facilitative leadership dimension, it is necessary to establish or appoint a leader and other administrators in a management structure who are responsible for coordinating and managing the collaboration process and in the collaboration process dimension, strengthening is carried out in the formation of inter-agency trust and commitment from each stakeholder.
Analisis Sinkronisasi RPJMD Kabupaten Karawang Tahun 2021-2026 dengan Rencana Strategis Dinas Pariwisata dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Karawang Tahun 2021-2026
Authors: Altas Aldo
Published: March 2024

Rencana Pembagunan Jangka Menengah Daerah (RPJMD) adalah penjabaran dari visi, misi, dan program kepala daerah yang memuat tujuan, sasaran, strategi, arah kebijakan, pembangunan daerah dan keuangan daerah, serta program perangkat daerah yang disertai dengan kerangka pendanaan bersifat indikatif untuk jangka waktu 5 (lima) tahun yang disiapkan oleh Pemerintah Daerah. Perencanaan pembangunan daerah harus sejalan dengan prioritas nasional dan target strategis nasional, maka dalam penyusunan rencana pembangunan daerah dikoordinasikan, disinergikan dan diharmonisasikan oleh perangkat daerah. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sinkronisasi antara Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Daerah Kabupaten Karawang tahun 2021-2026 dengan Rencana Strategis Dinas Pariwisata dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Karawang tahun 2021-2026. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik kajian literatur untuk menemukan rujukan yang relevan dengan topik penelitian. Peneliti menganalisis topik dengan mengumpulkan informasi dari berbagai sumber seperti buku, jurnal, artikel, web terpercaya, dan sebagainya secara daring untuk menghasilkan suatu tulisan. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sinkronisasi antara RPJMD Kabupaten Karawang dengan Renstra Dinas Pariwisata dengan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Karawang telah terjadi. hal ini terlihat dari aspek isu strategis, tujuan, sasaran, strategi, dan arah kebijakan yang saling terkait dan terkoordinasi.
EISENSTEIN, MONTAGEM E TEATRO:EXPERIÊNCIA DA MONTAGEM MÉTRICA NA CENA TEATRAL
Authors: Souza Gabriele Maria , Cypriano Adriano
Published: March 2024

O presente artigo relata a experiência da criação de uma cena teatral a partir da teoriada montagem cinematográfica do cineasta soviético Serguei Eisenstein. Trata-se de umtrabalho de transposição de elementos cinematográficos para a cena teatral. A principalteoria usada é a da montagem métrica e a temática da cena é o Massacre do dia 29 de abrilde 2015, em Curitiba.Palavras-chave: Eisenstein, cinema, montagem, 29 de abril, teatro, transposição.
Therapeutic role of neural stem cells in neurological diseases
Authors: Yang Ling , Liu Si-Cheng , Liu Yi-Yi , Zhu Fu-Qi , Xiong Mei-Juan , Hu Dong-Xia , Zhang Wen-Jun
Published: March 2024

The failure of endogenous repair is the main feature of neurological diseases that cannot recover the damaged tissue and the resulting dysfunction. Currently, the range of treatment options for neurological diseases is limited, and the approved drugs are used to treat neurological diseases, but the therapeutic effect is still not ideal. In recent years, different studies have revealed that neural stem cells (NSCs) have made exciting achievements in the treatment of neurological diseases. NSCs have the potential of self-renewal and differentiation, which shows great foreground as the replacement therapy of endogenous cells in neurological diseases, which broadens a new way of cell therapy. The biological functions of NSCs in the repair of nerve injury include neuroprotection, promoting axonal regeneration and remyelination, secretion of neurotrophic factors, immune regulation, and improve the inflammatory microenvironment of nerve injury. All these reveal that NSCs play an important role in improving the progression of neurological diseases. Therefore, it is of great significance to better understand the functional role of NSCs in the treatment of neurological diseases. In view of this, we comprehensively discussed the application and value of NSCs in neurological diseases as well as the existing problems and challenges.
Tension band high-strength suture combined with absorbable cannulated screws for treating transverse patellar fractures: finite element analysis and clinical study
Authors: Xiang Feifan , Xiao Yukun , Li Dige , Ma Wenzhe , Chen Yue , Yang Yunkang
Published: March 2024

Objective: Few reports exist on the treatment of transverse patellar fractures (TPFs) using absorbable cannulated screws and high-strength sutures, and most screws and sutures lack good biomechanics and clinical trials. Therefore, this study aimed to demonstrate the biomechanical stability and clinical efficacy of tension-band high-strength sutures combined with absorbable cannulated screws (TBSAS) in treating TPFs (AO/OTA 34 C1).

Methods: Finite element models of five internal fixation schemes were established: tension-band wire with K-wire (TBW), TBW with cerclage wire (TBWC), TBW with headless pressure screws (TBWHS), TBW with full-thread screws (TBWFS), and TBSAS. We comprehensively compared the biomechanical characteristics of the TBSAS treatment scheme during knee flexion and extension. Forty-one patients with TPFs in our hospital between January 2020 and August 2022 were retrospectively enrolled and divided into the TBSAS (n = 22) and TBWC (n = 19) groups. Clinical and follow-up outcomes, including operative time, visual analog scale (VAS) pain score, postoperative complications, Bostman score, and final knee range of motion, were compared between both groups.

Results: Finite element analysis (FEA) showed that TBWHS and TBWFS achieved the minimum mean fracture interface relative displacement during knee flexion (45°, 0–500 N bending load) and full extension (0°, 0–500 N axial load). There was no significant difference between TBSAS (0.136 mm) and TBWC (0.146 mm) during knee flexion (500 N); however, TBSAS displacement was smaller (0.075 mm) during full extension (500 N). Furthermore, the stress results for the internal fixation and the patella were generally lower when using TBSAS. Retrospective clinical studies showed that the TBSAS group had a shorter operative time, lower VAS pain score at 1 and 2 months postoperatively, better Bostman knee function score at 3 and 9 months postoperatively, and better final knee joint motion than the TBWC group (all p < 0.05). There were five cases (26.3%) of internal fixation stimulation complications in the TBWC group.

Conclusion: TBSAS demonstrated excellent safety and effectiveness in treating TPFs. It is sufficient to meet the needs of TPF fixation and early functional exercise and effectively reduces metal internal fixation-induced complications and secondary surgery-induced trauma.
Research progress in cell therapy for oral diseases: focus on cell sources and strategies to optimize cell function
Authors: Wang Jing , Zhao Zeqing , Yang Kai , Bai Yuxing
Published: March 2024

In recent years, cell therapy has come to play an important therapeutic role in oral diseases. This paper reviews the active role of mesenchymal stem cells, immune cell sources, and other cells in oral disorders, and presents data supporting the role of cell therapy in oral disorders, including bone and tooth regeneration, oral mucosal disorders, oral soft tissue defects, salivary gland dysfunction, and orthodontic tooth movement. The paper will first review the progress of cell optimization strategies for oral diseases, including the use of hormones in combination with stem cells, gene-modified regulatory cells, epigenetic regulation of cells, drug regulation of cells, cell sheets/aggregates, cell-binding scaffold materials and hydrogels, nanotechnology, and 3D bioprinting of cells. In summary, we will focus on the therapeutic exploration of these different cell sources in oral diseases and the active application of the latest cell optimization strategies.
Inequality of carbon emissions between urban and rural residents in China and emission reduction strategies: evidence from Shandong Province
Authors: Wang Qiang , Yang Ruxin , Zhang Yawen , Yang Yueling , Hao Aibo , Yin Yanshu , Li Ye
Published: March 2024

China is actively heeding the call and striving for a low-carbon and environmentally friendly development route as part of the general trend toward a global low-carbon economy. The rapid economic development of our nation has brought to light the issue of carbon emissions resulting from the consumption habits of residents. This paper delves into the topic by conducting a thorough analysis of the carbon emission of residents’ consumption using the input-output method. Based on the survey findings, the disparity in carbon emission between urban and rural communities in Shandong Province is evident not only in terms of total emissions but also in different categories and regions. Urban residents generate a total carbon emission of approximately 70.2921 million tons, which is three times higher than that of rural residents at 23.7846 million tons. The carbon emission of both urban and rural residents is primarily attributed to their embodied carbon emission. In examining the composition of the implied carbon emission of residents’ consumption in Shandong Province, urban residents’ carbon emission is concentrated in three areas, namely, food, culture, education, entertainment, transportation, and communication, accounting for 21.45%, 20.88%, and 15.10%, respectively. Conversely, rural residents’ carbon emission is concentrated in four areas, including clothing, food, culture, education, entertainment, transportation, and communication, accounting for 29.01%, 17.45%, 15.43%, and 13.36%, respectively. Finally, according to the characteristics of the consumption carbon emission of urban and rural residents in Shandong Province, we give corresponding emission reduction strategies.
Sonotope patterns within a mountain beech forest of Northern Italy: a methodological and empirical approach
Authors: Farina Almo , Mullet Timothy C.
Published: March 2024

According to the Sonotope Hypothesis, the heterogenous nature of the acoustically sensed, but not yet interpreted, environmental sounds (i.e., sonoscape) is created by the spatial and temporal conformation of sonic patches (sonotopes) as recently been described in a Mediterranean rural landscape. We investigated the Sonotope Hypothesis in a mountain beech forest of the Northern Apennines, Italy that is notoriously poor in soniferous species. Our aim was to test whether sonotopes were temporally distinct over seasonal and astronomical timeframes and spatially configured in relation to vegetation variables. We used the Acoustic Complexity Index (ACItf) to analyze the heterogeneity of sonic information gathered from an array of 11 sound recorders deployed within a lattice of eleven 4-ha hexagonal sample sites distributed throughout a 48-ha managed beech forest. We visualized and described the temporal patterns of ACItf between seasons (May–June and July–August 2021), across six astronomical periods (Night I, Morning Twilight, Morning, Afternoon, Evening Twilight, and Night II), and according to two aggregated frequency classes (≤2000 and >2000 Hz). We introduced Spectral Sonic Signature (SSS) calculated from the sequence of ACItf values along frequency bins as a descriptor of the dynamic production of sounds across spatial and temporal scales. We calculated Mean Spectral Dissimilarity to compare SSS values across temporal periods and between sample sites. We identified sonotopes by grouping similar SSS for each sample site generated from cluster analyses and visualized their spatial arrangements. Frequencies ≤2000 Hz (mainly geophonies from wind and rain) were more prevalent than frequencies >2000 Hz (mainly biophonies from songbirds). Despite there being no strong relationship to vegetation variables and minimal biophony and anthropophony, distinct sonotopes still emerged for every astronomical and seasonal period. This suggests that the sonoscape expresses distinct spatial and temporal sonotope configurations associated with the temporal and spatial patterns of geophysical events that generate geophonies with minimal animal or anthropogenic occurrences. A new strategy based on the reintroduction of indigenous trees and shrubs in managed clearings should be considered for enhancing local biodiversity conservation along with ecoacoustic monitoring based on the Sonotope Hypothesis.
CD81 and CD82 expressing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in the NSCLC tumor microenvironment play a crucial role in T-cell activation and cytokine production
Authors: Na Kwangmin , Lee Seul , Kim Dong Kwon , Kim Young Seob , Hwang Joon Yeon , Kang Seong-san , Baek Sujeong , Lee Chai Young , Yang Seung Min , Han Yu Jin , Kim Mi hyun , Han Heekyung , Kim Youngtaek , Kim Jae Hwan , Jeon Seunghyun , Byeon Youngseon , Lee Jii Bum , Lim Sun Min , Hong Min Hee , Pyo Kyoung-Ho , Cho Byoung Chul
Published: March 2024

Introduction

To understand the immune system within the tumor microenvironment (TME) of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), it is crucial to elucidate the characteristics of molecules associated with T cell activation.

Methods

We conducted an in-depth analysis using single-cell RNA sequencing data obtained from tissue samples of 19 NSCLC patients. T cells were classified based on the Tumor Proportion Score (TPS) within the tumor region, and molecular markers associated with activation and exhaustion were analyzed in T cells from high TPS areas.

Results

Notably, tetraspanins CD81 and CD82, belonging to the tetraspanin protein family, were found to be expressed in activated T cells, particularly in cytotoxic T cells. These tetraspanins showed strong correlations with activation and exhaustion markers. In vitro experiments confirmed increased expression of CD81 and CD82 in IL-2-stimulated T cells. T cells were categorized into CD81highCD82high and CD81lowCD82low groups based on their expression levels, with CD81highCD82high T cells exhibiting elevated activation markers such as CD25 and CD69 compared to CD81lowCD82low T cells. This trend was consistent across CD3+, CD8+, and CD4+ T cell subsets. Moreover, CD81highCD82high T cells, when stimulated with anti-CD3, demonstrated enhanced secretion of cytokines such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2, along with an increase in the proportion of memory T cells. Bulk RNA sequencing results after sorting CD81highCD82high and CD81lowCD82low T cells consistently supported the roles of CD81 and CD82. Experiments with overexpressed CD81 and CD82 showed increased cytotoxicity against target cells.

Discussion

These findings highlight the multifaceted roles of CD81 and CD82 in T cell activation, cytokine production, memory subset accumulation, and target cell cytolysis. Therefore, these findings suggest the potential of CD81 and CD82 as promising candidates for co-stimulatory molecules in immune therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment within the intricate TME.
Patient listening on social media for patient-focused drug development: a synthesis of considerations from patients, industry and regulators
Authors: Cimiano Philipp , Collins Ben , De Vuono Maria Carmela , Escudier Thierry , Gottowik Jürgen , Hartung Matthias , Leddin Mathias , Neupane Bikalpa , Rodriguez-Esteban Raul , Schmidt Ana Lucia , Starke-Knäusel Cornelius , Voorhaar Maarten , Wieckowski Krzysztof
Published: March 2024

Patients, life science industry and regulatory authorities are united in their goal to reduce the disease burden of patients by closing remaining unmet needs. Patients have, however, not always been systematically and consistently involved in the drug development process. Recognizing this gap, regulatory bodies worldwide have initiated patient-focused drug development (PFDD) initiatives to foster a more systematic involvement of patients in the drug development process and to ensure that outcomes measured in clinical trials are truly relevant to patients and represent significant improvements to their quality of life. As a source of real-world evidence (RWE), social media has been consistently shown to capture the first-hand, spontaneous and unfiltered disease and treatment experience of patients and is acknowledged as a valid method for generating patient experience data by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). While social media listening (SML) methods are increasingly applied to many diseases and use cases, a significant piece of uncertainty remains on how evidence derived from social media can be used in the drug development process and how it can impact regulatory decision making, including legal and ethical aspects. In this policy paper, we review the perspectives of three key stakeholder groups on the role of SML in drug development, namely patients, life science companies and regulators. We also carry out a systematic review of current practices and use cases for SML and, in particular, highlight benefits and drawbacks for the use of SML as a way to identify unmet needs of patients. While we find that the stakeholders are strongly aligned regarding the potential of social media for PFDD, we identify key areas in which regulatory guidance is needed to reduce uncertainty regarding the impact of SML as a source of patient experience data that has impact on regulatory decision making.
Genetic ablation of Lmp2 increases the susceptibility for impaired cardiac function
Authors: Trogisch Felix A. , Koser Franziska , Michel Synje , Liem David A. , Florea Bogdan I. , Hecker Markus , Drews Oliver
Published: March 2024

Proteasome degradation is an integral part of cellular growth and function. Proteasomal intervention may mitigate adverse myocardial remodeling, but is associated with the onset of heart failure. Previously, we have demonstrated that increasing abundance of cardiac Lmp2 and its incorporation into proteasome complexes is an endogenous mechanism for proteasome regulation during hypertrophic remodeling of the heart induced by chronic ß-adrenoreceptor stimulation. Here, we investigated whether Lmp2 is required for myocardial remodeling not driven by inflammation and show that Lmp2 is a tipping element for growth and function in the heart but not for proteasome insufficiency. While it has no apparent impact under unchallenged conditions, myocardial remodeling without Lmp2 exacerbates hypertrophy and restricts cardiac function. Under chronic ß-adrenoreceptor stimulation, as seen in the development of cardiovascular disease and the manifestation of heart failure, genetic ablation of Lmp2 in mice caused augmented concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricle. While the heart rate was similarly elevated as in wildtype, myocardial contractility was not maintained without Lmp2, and apparently uncoupled of the ß-adrenergic response. Normalized to the exacerbated myocardial mass, contractility was reduced by 41% of the pretreatment level, but would appear preserved at absolute level. The lack of Lmp2 interfered with elevated 26S proteasome activities during early cardiac remodeling reported previously, but did not cause bulk proteasome insufficiency, suggesting the Lmp2 containing proteasome subpopulation is required for a selected group of proteins to be degraded. In the myocardial interstitium, augmented collagen deposition suggested matrix stiffening in the absence of Lmp2. Indeed, echocardiography of left ventricular peak relaxation velocity (circumferential strain rate) was reduced in this treatment group. Overall, targeting Lmp2 in a condition mimicking chronic ß-adrenoreceptor stimulation exhibited the onset of heart failure. Anticancer therapy inhibiting proteasome activity, including Lmp2, is associated with adverse cardiac events, in particular heart failure. Sparing Lmp2 may be an avenue to reduce adverse cardiac events when chronic sympathetic nervous system activation cannot be excluded.
Identification of novel hub genes for Alzheimer’s disease associated with the hippocampus using WGCNA and differential gene analysis
Authors: Chen Yang , Li Zhaoxiang , Ge Xin , Lv Huandi , Geng Zuojun
Published: March 2024

Background

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common, refractory, progressive neurodegenerative disorder in which cognitive and memory deficits are highly correlated with abnormalities in hippocampal brain regions. There is still a lack of hippocampus-related markers for AD diagnosis and prevention.

Methods

Differently expressed genes were identified in the gene expression profile GSE293789 in the hippocampal brain region. Enrichment analyses GO, KEGG, and GSEA were used to identify biological pathways involved in the DEGs and AD-related group. WGCNA was used to identify the gene modules that are highly associated with AD in the samples. The intersecting genes of the genes in DEGs and modules were extracted and the top ten ranked hub genes were identified. Finally GES48350 was used as a validation cohort to predict the diagnostic efficacy of hub genes.

Results

From GSE293789, 225 DEGs were identified, which were mainly associated with calcium response, glutamatergic synapses, and calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding response. WGCNA analysis yielded dark green and bright yellow modular genes as the most relevant to AD. From these two modules, 176 genes were extracted, which were taken to be intersected with DEGs, yielding 51 intersecting genes. Then 10 hub genes were identified in them: HSPA1B, HSPB1, HSPA1A, DNAJB1, HSPB8, ANXA2, ANXA1, SOX9, YAP1, and AHNAK. Validation of these genes was found to have excellent diagnostic performance.

Conclusion

Ten AD-related hub genes in the hippocampus were identified, contributing to further understanding of AD development in the hippocampus and development of targets for therapeutic prevention.
An investigation into the potential association between nutrition and Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: He Mingyue , Lian Tenghong , Liu Zhan , Li Jinghui , Qi Jing , Li Jing , Guo Peng , Zhang Yanan , Luo Dongmei , Guan Huiying , Zhang Weijia , Zheng Zijing , Yue Hao , Zhang Wenjing , Wang Ruidan , Zhang Fan , Zhang Wei
Published: March 2024

Background

Malnutrition is the most common nutritional issue in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients, but there is still a lack of a comprehensive evaluation of the nutritional status in AD patients. This study aimed to determine the potential association of various nutritional indices with AD at different stages.

Methods

Subjects, including individuals with normal cognition (NC) and patients diagnosed with AD, were consecutively enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Demographics, body composition, dietary patterns, nutritional assessment scales and nutrition-related laboratory variables were collected. Binary logistics regression analyses and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to indicate the association between nutrition-related variables and AD at different stages.

Results

Totals of 266 subjects, including 73 subjects with NC, 72 subjects with mild cognitive impairment due to AD (AD-MCI) and 121 subjects with dementia due to AD (AD-D) were included. There was no significant difference in dietary patterns, including Mediterranean diet and Mediterranean-DASH diet intervention for neurodegenerative delay (MIND) diet between the three groups. Lower BMI value, smaller hip and calf circumferences, lower Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) scores, and lower levels of total protein, albumin, globulin, and apolipoprotein A1 were associated with AD (all p < 0.05). Total protein and albumin levels had the greatest ability to distinguish AD from non-AD (AUC 0.80, 95% CI 0.74–0.84, p < 0.001), increased by combining calf circumference, MNA score and albumin level (AUC 0.83, 95% CI 0.77–0.88, p < 0.001). Albumin level had the greatest ability to distinguish NC from AD-MCI (AUC 0.75, 95% CI 0.67–0.82, p < 0.001), and MNA score greatest ability to distinguish AD-MCI from AD-D (AUC 0.72, 95% CI 0.65–0.78, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Nutritional status of AD patients is significantly compromised compared with normal controls, and tends to be worsened with AD progresses. Early identification and intervention of individuals with nutritional risk or malnutrition may be significantly beneficial for reducing the risk, development, and progression of AD.
Melatonin delayed senescence by modulating the contents of plant signalling molecules in postharvest okras
Authors: Shi Liyu , Chen Yutong , Dong Wanqi , Li Saisai , Chen Wei , Yang Zhenfeng , Cao Shifeng
Published: March 2024

Okra has been widely cultivated worldwide. Consumers appreciate its nutritional value and delicious taste. However, okra is very perishable after harvest because of rapid senescence and high susceptibility to mechanical injuries, which limits its storage life and reduces consumer acceptance. This study examined the influence of melatonin treatment on senescence process and endogenous plant signalling molecules in postharvest okras. The results indicated that melatonin treatment delayed senescence by increasing the endogenous melatonin content through upregulation of its biosynthetic genes. In addition, the treatment increased the contents of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellin (GA) due to the positive modulation of their metabolic and signalling genes. Furthermore, treated okras exhibited higher levels of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) but lower abscisic acid (ABA) content, contributing to the delayed senescence process compared to control. Overall, the findings suggested that melatonin postponed senescence in okras fruit by positively regulating endogenous signalling molecules such as melatonin, IAA, GABA, GA, and ABA.
The genetics of Ug99 stem rust resistance in spring wheat variety ‘Linkert‘
Authors: Edae Erena A. , Kosgey Zennah , Bajgain Prabin , Ndung'u Kimani C. , Gemechu Ashenafi , Bhavani Sridhar , Anderson James A. , Rouse Matthew N.
Published: March 2024

Wheat stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt) threatens wheat production worldwide. The objective of this study was to characterize wheat stem rust resistance in ‘Linkert’, a variety with adult plant resistance effective to emerging wheat stem rust pathogen strain Ug99. Two doubled haploid (DH) populations and one recombinant inbred line (RIL) population were developed with ‘Linkert’ as a stem rust resistant parent. Hard red spring wheat variety ‘Forefront’ and genetic stock ‘LMPG’ were used as stem rust susceptible parents of the DH populations. Breeding line ‘MN07098-6’ was used as a susceptible parent of the RIL population. Both DH and RIL populations with their parents were evaluated both at the seedling stage and in the field against Pgt races. Genotyping data of the DH populations were generated using the wheat iSelect 90k SNP assay. The RIL population was genotyped by genotyping-by-sequencing. We found QTL consistently associated with wheat stem rust resistance on chromosome 2BS for the Linkert/Forefront DH population and the Linkert/MN07098-6 RIL population both in Ethiopia and Kenya. Additional reliable QTL were detected on chromosomes 5BL (125.91 cM) and 4AL (Sr7a) for the Linkert/LMPG population in Ethiopia and Kenya. Different QTL identified in the populations reflect the importance of examining the genetics of resistance in populations derived from adapted germplasm (Forefront and MN07098-6) in addition to a genetic stock (LMPG). The associated markers in this study could be used to track and select for the identified QTL in wheat breeding programs.
Where experience makes a difference: teachers’ judgment accuracy and diagnostic reasoning regarding student learning characteristics
Authors: Kosel Christian , Bauer Elisabeth , Seidel Tina
Published: March 2024

The concept of teacher professional vision suggests that experienced teachers, compared to novice teachers, might be better at making accurate judgments of students’ learning characteristics, which can be explained by their advanced reasoning in diagnostic situations. This study examines experienced and novice teachers’ diagnoses of different student characteristic profiles: three inconsistent profiles (overestimating, uninterested, and underestimating) and two consistent profiles (strong and struggling). We examined both experienced (n = 19 in-service mathematics teachers) and novice teachers (n = 24 pre-service mathematics teachers) to determine the extent of differences in their judgment accuracy and their diagnostic reasoning about observable cues when diagnosing student profiles while watching a lesson video. ANOVA results indicate that experienced teachers generally achieved a higher judgment accuracy in diagnosing student profiles compared to novice teachers. Moreover, epistemic network analysis of observable cues in experienced and novice teachers’ diagnostic reasoning showed that, compared to novice teachers, experienced teachers make more relations between a broader spectrum of both surface cues (e.g., a student’s hand-raising behavior) and deep cues (e.g., a student being interested in the subject). Experienced teachers thereby construct more comprehensive and robust reasoning compared to novice teachers. The findings highlight how professional experience shapes teachers’ professional skills, such as diagnosing, and suggest strategies for enhancing teacher training.
Carl Jung: a life on the edge of reality with hypnagogia, hyperphantasia, and hallucinations
Authors: Incekara Fatih , Blom Jan Dirk
Published: March 2024

Whether the Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung (1875–1961) became psychotic after his mid-thirties is much debated. His recently published Black Books, a seven-volume journal, reveal new insights into this debate. Based on a phenomenological analysis of his self-reports in these books and in other writings, we here identify several types of anomalous perceptual experiences: hypnagogic-hypnopompic experiences, hyperphantasia, hallucinations, personifications, and sensed presence. We argue that these experiences were not indicative of a psychotic disorder, but rather stemmed from extremely vivid mental imagery, or hyperphantasia, a condition Jung’s contemporaries and later biographers were unable to take into account because it had not yet been conceptualised. Recently, the degree of vividness of mental imagery and its potential to become indistinguishable from regular sense perception has been the subject of extensive studies. Unknowingly, Jung may have foreshadowed this line of research with his psychoanalytic concept of reality equivalence, i.e., the substitution of an external world for an inner mental reality that he encountered in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. There is a need for future research to investigate the possible role of hyperphantasia in psychotic experiences, but to Jung, psychosis was ‘a failure to contain and comprehend’ the content of one’s experiences in the context of one’s own life, whereas he himself did manage to put the content of his perceptual experiences into context, to find meaning in them, and to share them with others - to great acknowledgement and acclaim.
When do drugs trigger criminal behavior? a machine learning analysis of offenders and non-offenders with schizophrenia and comorbid substance use disorder
Authors: Bender Ewa-Maria , Machetanz Lena , von Känel Roland , Euler Sebastian , Kirchebner Johannes , Günther Moritz Philipp
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Comorbid substance use disorder (SUD) is linked to a higher risk of violence in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD). The objective of this study is to explore the most distinguishing factors between offending and non-offending patients diagnosed with SSD and comorbid SUD using supervised machine learning.

Methods

A total of 269 offender patients and 184 non-offender patients, all diagnosed with SSD and SUD, were assessed using supervised machine learning algorithms.

Results

Failures during opening, referring to rule violations during a permitted temporary leave from an inpatient ward or during the opening of an otherwise closed ward, was found to be the most influential distinguishing factor, closely followed by non-compliance with medication (in the psychiatric history). Following in succession were social isolation in the past, no antipsychotics prescribed (in the psychiatric history), and no outpatient psychiatric treatments before the current hospitalization.

Discussion

This research identifies critical factors distinguishing offending patients from non-offending patients with SSD and SUD. Among various risk factors considered in prior research, this study emphasizes treatment-related differences between the groups, indicating the potential for improvement regarding access and maintenance of treatment in this particular population. Further research is warranted to explore the relationship between social isolation and delinquency in this patient population.
Epidemiology, risk factors, and prevention strategies of HIV, HPV, and other sexually transmitted infections among cisgender and transgender youth: a narrative review
Authors: Diana Pierluigi , Esposito Susanna
Published: March 2024

Adolescents face an increased risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs) with alarming data especially concerning HIV. Limited data exists for teenagers regarding the influence of their gender identity (GI) and sexual orientation on the risk of STIs. This narrative review aims to analyse the available data to provide a comprehensive overview of STIs incidence and risk factors among adolescents, taking into account the unique circumstances related to various sexual orientations and GIs. Transgender and gender minority (TGM) youth experience more challenges accessing health services compared to cisgender youth. This is often attributed to non-inclusive health environments, barriers to obtaining medical gender affirmation, and an underestimation of sexual risk perception. Literature analysis has revealed that the majority of adolescents, both cisgender and TGM, have limited awareness regarding the risks associated with their sexual behaviors, the most common sexually transmitted diseases, and strategies for prevention, such as PrEP and HPV vaccination. Moreover, a significant portion of pediatricians possess limited knowledge and comfort in addressing various aspects of sexual health, particularly when it involves discussing topics such as sexual orientation, gender identity, and sexual behaviors with sexually active adolescents. This underscores the pressing need for enhanced education for pediatricians, specifically focusing on STIs diagnosis, prevention, and screening.
Diagnosed behavioral health conditions during the perinatal period among a commercially insured population by race/ethnicity, 2008–2020
Authors: Beck Dana C. , Tabb Karen , Tilea Anca , Vance Ashlee J. , Hall Stephanie , Schroeder Amy , Zivin Kara
Published: March 2024

Objective

We sought to examine trends in diagnosed behavioral health (BH) conditions [mental health (MH) disorders or substance use disorders (SUD)] among pregnant and postpartum individuals between 2008–2020. We then explored the relationship between BH conditions and race/ethnicity, acknowledging race/ethnicity as a social construct that influences health disparities.

Methods

This study included delivering individuals, aged 15–44 years, and continuously enrolled in a single commercial health insurance plan for 1 year before and 1 year following delivery between 2008–2020. We used BH conditions as our outcome based on relevant ICD 9/10 codes documented during pregnancy or the postpartum year.

Results

In adjusted analyses, white individuals experienced the highest rates of BH conditions, followed by Black, Hispanic, and Asian individuals, respectively. Asian individuals had the largest increase in BH rates, increasing 292%. White individuals had the smallest increase of 192%. The trend remained unchanged even after adjusting for age and Bateman comorbidity score, the trend remained unchanged.

Conclusions

The prevalence of diagnosed BH conditions among individuals in the perinatal and postpartum periods increased over time. As national efforts continue to work toward improving perinatal BH, solutions must incorporate the needs of diverse populations to avert preventable morbidity and mortality.
Descriptive analysis of injury types and incidence during futsal preseason across different competitive levels
Authors: Marques Catarina , Rebelo Miguel , Crisóstomo Rute , Honório Samuel , Duarte-Mendes Pedro , Petrica João , Serrano João
Published: March 2024

Introduction

This study aimed to verify the typology and incidence of injury by comparing the different competitive levels of futsal during the preseason.

Methods

The sample consisted of 68 senior male futsal players (24.26 ± 4.63 years). Data were collected using an injury recording grid that examined the affected body part, anatomical region, type of injury, mechanism, and severity.

Results

It was found that the elite group has the lowest incidence rate of injury (4.8 injuries per 1,000 h of exposure) compared to the sub-elite (11.8 injuries per 1,000 h of exposure) and amateur groups (13.9 injuries per 1,000 h of exposure). However, at this level, there is the highest percentage of injury occurrence (38.5%), the lower limb was the most affected part of the body (30.8%), and ligament (23.1%) and muscle (15.4%) injuries are the most prevalent. The most frequent mechanism of injury was non-traumatic (30.8%), and the majority were moderate injuries in the elite (23.1%) and sub-elite (17.9%) groups and severe injuries in the amateur group (12.5%).

Discussion

The amateur futsal players had the highest incidence of injury during the preseason period compared to the other competitive levels. Still, it was at the elite level where the highest percentage of injuries occurred, most of them non-traumatic and of ligament origin, primarily affecting the ankle region. The results highlight the importance of adopting specific injury prevention programs for ligament and muscle injuries during the preseason phase, regardless of the competitive level.
Research on the efficiency optimization of food reserve under the complementary reserve mode of government and enterprise in China
Authors: Jiang Qijun , Ji Xiaoyang
Published: March 2024

Food reserve is the cornerstone of national strategic security. China strives to build a complementary reserve system between government and enterprises, and how to improve the efficiency of food reserves is a matter of great concern to the government and society. Based on the analysis of the connotation of food reserve efficiency, this paper constructs the revenue function and the cost function of food reserve in an emergency and uses the cost–benefit method to explore the best ratio of government reserve, corporate social responsibility reserve, and commercial inventory when maximizing the efficiency of food reserve. This ratio is closely related to the total food reserve, the scale of supply interruption, the reserve cost of food stored by enterprises, and the government’s subsidy cost for the social responsibility reserve. The unit subsidy cost of government to social responsibility reserve is inversely proportional to the proportion of corporate social responsibility reserve to corporate reserve. Doing a good job in the social responsibility management of food enterprises is an effective way to improve the efficiency of food reserves. To expand the scale of social responsibility reserves and realize “storing food in enterprises,” the subsidies given by the government for corporate social responsibility reserves should not be too high. Taking food social responsibility reserve as an important part of corporate social responsibility, it’s the key to promoting enterprises to actively undertake food social responsibility reserves. The conclusion of this paper provides a theoretical basis and decision-making reference for how to improve the efficiency of food reserves.