bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rasio Likuiditas Pada Perbankan Syariah
Authors: Lestari Ardila Ayu
Published: December 2022

Pada umumnya setiap perusahaan mempunyai tujuan yang sama yaitu mencapai laba yang maksimum dan menjaga agar kelangsungan hidup serta pertumbuhan usahanya dapat berjalan dengan lancar. Laba yang diharapkan dapat menjaga kelangsungan perusahaan dalam menjalankan usahanya dan mengembangkan usaha tersebut. Untuk mencapai tujuan itu perusahaan harus mempunyai suatu manajemen dan strategi yang baik, salah satunya dengan mengetahui kondisi keuangan dan masalah keuangan perusahaan, terutama dalam hal perusahaan mengelola laporan keuangannya.Laporan keuangan perusahaan menyajikan posisi dan kinerja perusahaan dalam memperoleh keuntungan atau menghasilkan laba. Posisi keuangan perusahaan ditunjukkan dalam laporan posisi keuangan. Dalam laporan posisi keuangan tersebut dapat diketahui kekayaan atau aset perusahaan yang dimiliki (sisi aktiva) dan pada sisi pasiva dapat diketahui dari mana dana-dana untuk membiayai aset tersebut diperoleh, yaitu dari liabilitas dan ekuitas. Sedangkan kinerja perusahaan dalam memperoleh keuntungan dapat dilihat dari laporan laba rugi yang diterbitkan oleh perusahaan. Laporan keuangan menunjukkan cara bagaimana perusahaan memperoleh sumber dana, penggunaan dana tersebut serta seberapa penting dan efektif sumber dana tersebut digunakan. Untuk menginterpretasikan kondisi keuangan serta kinerja pada suatu perusahaan perlu diadakan analisis terhadap hubungan dalam laporan keuangan, analisis ini disebut dengan analisa rasio keuangan.
Kebijakan anti korupsi dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan Di kantor Camat Baranti Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang
Authors: syarifuddin Sarinah
Published: December 2022

Penulisan artikel ini tujuannya adalah menamabah pengetahuan tentang kebijakan anti korupsi di dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan serta indikator yang mempengaruhi kebijakan anti korupsi dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan di Kantor Camat Baranti Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang. Populasi adalah semua pegawai di Kantor Camat Baranti Kabupaten Sidrap dimana ada 34 orang yang semuanya termasuk sampel. teknik pengumpulan data yaitu Obsevasi, Study Kepustakaan dan Kuesioner. Penulisan artikel ini memakai method kualitatif yang bersifat library reseach. Hasil analisis dan pengolahan masalah menunjukkan arah kebijakan anti korupsi pada Ketetapan Kebijakan 73%, Ketetapan pelaksana 68%, ketetapan target 71% Ketetapan lingkungan 72 % ketetapan proses 68% dengan hasil akhir 70,4 % dimana mean nya yaitu 74 % kategori bagus. Sedangkan untuk point penyelenggaraan pemerintahan yakni partisipasi 72% aturan hukum 71% transparan 76 %, dengan capaian 73% bulatkan menjadi 73 % kategori baik. Adapun faktor yang paling mempengaruhi kebijakan anti korupsi di dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan instansi Camat Baranti Kabupaten Sidrap yaitu point komunikasi 71 %, faktor sumber daya manusia 76 %, faktor struktur birokrasi 72 %, faktor disposisi pelaksana 73 % dengan capaian 73 % kategori baik.
Dual-feature AAT: Combining relevant- and irrelevant-feature approach-avoidance tasks
Authors: Illgner Johannes , Kahveci Sercan , Rinck Mike
Published: December 2022

The Approach-Avoidance Task (AAT) is used to measure and modify approach and avoidance (AA) tendencies which are important in various mental disorders. To date, 46 participants were either instructed to move stimuli in the AAT depending on the content/valence, or depending on a feature that is unrelated to the content and valence. Both ways of instructing participants have fundamental disadvantages that may reduce the validity of the task or the probability of finding existing effects. In this study, both instructions were combined for the first time, with the goal of minimising the downsides of the conventional AATs. Hence, participants had to approach or avoid images depending on both the content of the images (spider, butterfly) and depending on a content-irrelevant feature (portrait vs. landscape format). In an online study, we found that this new dual-feature AAT showed the expected compatibility effect for errors: Responses compatible with AA tendencies were executed more correctly than incompatible responses. Results regarding the RT outcome measures were less clear-cut and depended on data pre-processing decisions. Moreover, the size of the observed compatibility effects was not related to the participants' level of spider fear. In sum, we found a first indication that the dual-feature AAT could be an alternative to previous types of standard-instructions AATs.
COMPARISON OF LANDSAT AND MODIS DERIVED VEGETATION HEALTH INDICES FOR DROUGHT MONITORING USING GOOGLE EARTH ENGINE PLATFORM
Authors: Aksoy Samet , Sertel Elif
Published: December 2022

In this study, we aim to compare the VCI maps and time series derived from two very well-known and widely used satellite platforms namely MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Landsat to monitor and understand the drought conditions. We investigated the impacts of spatial and temporal resolutions on drought analysis by further investigating selected basins of Turkey having different land surface characteristics.
Real-Time System Predictive Analysis for Heart Rate Pathologies using Machine Learning
Authors: Wang Yu , Cheng Ying , qijun wang
Published: December 2022

We develop statistical algorithms to infer possiblecardiac pathologies, based on data collected from 24h Holterrecording over a sample of 2829 labelled patients; labels highlightwhether a patient is sufering from cardiac pathologies. In the frstpart of the work we analyze statistically the heart-beat seriesassociated to each patient and we work them out to get a coarse-grained description of heart variability in terms of 49 markerswell established in the reference community. These markers arethen used as inputs for a multi-layer feed-forward neural networkthat we train in order to make it able to classify patients.However, before training the network, preliminary operations arein order to check the efective number of markers (via principalcomponent analysis) and to achieve data augmentation (becauseof the broadness of the input data). With such groundwork,we fnally train the network and show that it can classify withhigh accuracy (at most 85patients that are healthy from thosedisplaying atrial fbrillation or congestive heart failure. In thesecond part of the work, we still start from raw data and we geta classifcation of pathologies in terms of their related networks:patients are associated to nodes and links are drawn accordingto a similarity measure between the related heart-beat series.We study the emergent properties of these networks lookingfor features (e.g., degree, clustering, clique proliferation) ableto robustly discriminate between networks built over healthypatients or over patients sufering from cardiac pathologies. Wefnd overall very good agreement among the two paved routes.
Characters and characterization in the novels of Chatursen Shastri
Authors: Subhash  , Meena Ashok Kumar
Published: December 2022

Everyday something or the other is happening in the world since ancient times. Whatever work, business, events, etc. happen, some or the other component or character is responsible behind them. Even in fiction, without the characters, the plot or the subject matter cannot be imagined. That's why characters are considered to be the second important place after the plot in the novel. After knowing the introduction of the characters, it is necessary to know their character or personality.

Abstract in Hindi Language: 

संसार में प्राचीन काल से ही नित प्रतिदिन कुछ न कुछ होता ही आ रहा हैं। जो भी कार्य व्यापार, घटनाएं आदि होते हैं, उनके पीछे कोई न कोई घटक या पात्र ही उत्तरदायित्व होते हैं। कथा साहित्य में भी पात्रों के बिना कथानक या कथावस्तु की कल्पना भी नहीं की जा सकती। इसी लिए उपन्यास में कथानक के पश्चात् दूसरा महŸवपूर्ण स्थान पात्रों का माना जाता हैं। पात्रों का परिचय जानने के बाद उनका चरित्र या व्यक्तित्व जानना आवश्यक होता हैं।

Keywords: मानवीय प्रेम, करूणा, शोषित, पीड़ित, निम्न वर्ग, दास, गुलाम, किसान।
When Balts Met Vikings at the Curonian Lagoon. Strategies of Social Representation at the Viking-Age Cemetery at Linkuhnen
Authors: Jahn Christoph
Published: December 2022

The cemetery at Linkuhnen by River Memel had a long history of usage by local Baltic tribes, starting in the early Roman Period and continuing to the Viking Age, with the highest number of burials in the 10th–11th centuries AD. When Linkuhnen was excavated in the 1930s by German archaeologists, it was considered a Viking cemetery, since some of the grave goods (especially weaponry) seemed to bear signs of Scandinavian influences. However, the Scandinavian influence was overstated and the interaction between local Balts and Vikings was never thoroughly explained by the excavators. New research on the old excavation archives indicates that Linkuhnen was not a Viking burial ground but that incoming influences from Scandinavia brought a shift to the internal strategies of representation by local Baltic elites. The burial rite changed from simple single cremation graves to lavishly equipped collective cremation graves for members of powerful families or military units. Another remarkable feature is the large number and ‘international’ character of weaponry in the burials, some of the highest quality (Ulfberht), while the jewellery represents local types only. Unlike other Scandinavian-influenced sites on the southern Baltic coast, the Scandinavian presence in the River Memel area only led to minor interactions between Balts and Vikings, though it had a significant influence on the local Baltic elites’ internal representation of status.
Grapen luttick und grodt. Production and Use of Bronze Three-Legged Cauldrons, or Grapens, in the Baltic Sea Region in the Late Middle Ages and Early Modern Times – Example of Western Pomerania
Authors: Majewski Marcin
Published: December 2022

This article discusses the latest archaeological research into the casting and marking of bronze three-legged cauldrons (Grapens) in the Baltic Sea Region. It offers a detailed analysis of production centres in Western Pomerania, which have not as of yet been the subject of interest of a wide circle of scholars, and presents the results of recent archaeological excavations in Stargard that revealed further workshops specializing in the production of cauldrons. Their functioning was associated with two Grapengiessers, Jochim and Jacob Ingerman, who were active in the first half of the 16th century. Moreover, the article also deals with the activity of other founders in relation to other centres in the Baltic Sea Region on the basis of historical sources and bells which have survived down to our times.
Chamber-Like Graves in the West of the Polatsk Principality. Possibilities of Interpretation in the Context of Eastern European Antiquities
Authors: Plavinski Mikalai
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the elite funeral rite of the western regions of the Polatsk Principality at the turn of the 2nd millennium AD. The main attention is paid to the identification of this category of burials with chamber-like graves. The issues of the emergence of a chamber-like funeral ritual in the west of the Polatsk land, the topography and chronology of chamber-like burials, and the origin and social status of the carriers of this tradition are considered.
Stećak Tombstones as a Source for Research on Mediaeval Bosnian Elites
Authors: Florek Marek
Published: December 2022

The term stećak (pl. stećci) is used in the Bosnian, Serbian and Croatian languages to refer to mediaeval monolithic tombstones from Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well from the nearby territories of Croatia, Serbia and Montenegro. Their number is estimated at between 50,000 and almost 70,000. The earliest preserved stećci come from the 12th century, whereas the latest date to the beginning of the 16th century. Their forms vary, but most often they have the shape of a slab, vertical or horizontal monolith, or stylized cross. Some of them have images – engraved or carved in low relief – representing, e.g., weaponry, people, animals, genre scenes (hunting, fighting, dancing), various symbols and ornaments, and – very seldom – short inscriptions. In the past, they were attributed to the followers of the Bogomil heresy or the stock-breeding Vlachs, they were also regarded as original products of the mediaeval Bosnian population – created independently from external influences and models, as a sign of the revival of the traditional Slavic pagan beliefs dating back to the times of the Indo European community. According to the currently prevalent assumption, stećci – with their forms and symbols – fit the broad trend of European sepulchral art referring to the ethos of chivalry and Christianity, but at the same time they were a means used to manifest the distinctive character of the local elites and groups aspiring to be included in them. The images present on stećci – especially genre scenes and heraldic motifs – are an invaluable source of information about the culture and life of local elites in mediaeval Bosnia.
Private liability without wrongdoing
Authors: Stone Rebecca
Published: December 2022

Rights-based theories of private law tend to be wrongs based and defendant focused. But many private law wrongs do not seem like genuine wrongs, at least when the background distribution of resources is unjust. A very poor person, for example, may be held legally liable for breaching a one-sided contract with a very rich person. When such a contract reflects and reproduces existing injustice, it is hard to view the poor person’s breach of such a contract as a genuine wrong against the rich person. Conversely, some obvious moral wrongs do not generate legal liability. There is, for example, no private law duty of rescue in the absence of a prior relationship in many situations in which most would agree that there is a moral duty of rescue. Thus, private legal liability seems not to track moral wrongdoing in significant respects, raising the question what instead justifies such liability. Instead of justifying private liability in terms of the defendant’s wrongdoing, as corrective justice and civil recourse theorists do, we should seek a justification in terms of the plaintiff’s moral permission to enforce her apparent rights. Switching our gaze from the defendant’s wrongdoing to the plaintiff’s moral permission to enforce her rights will not be normatively consequential if the plaintiff’s moral permission arises when and only when the defendant has wronged her. But, I argue, background injustice can drive a wedge between genuine wrongdoing and the plaintiff’s moral permission. Thus, by reconceptualizing private liability in terms of a plaintiff’s moral permission to enforce her apparent rights, private law may be justified by the essential role it plays in constituting non-ideal political morality.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY RESULTS ON IN-PERSON AND ONLINE SESSIONS OF FALL SEMESTER OF 2020-2021
Authors: Damchaasuren. Kh.  , Oyunjargal. Ch.  , Otgonbayr. Ts.
Published: December 2022

It is inevitable that digital transformation and technological advancement in ICT sector brings drastic changes into every aspect of our lives, and it has become top priorities of the countries around the world for the successful utilization into the mode of learning and teaching within the education sector. Though the fall semester of our university started off with regular regulations, all the education services were shut down due to the local transmission of COVID-19 pandemic in Mongolia. To continue the education services to the students during the strict lockdown, the usage of online training approaches through TV, radio and other means of technology were required to be introduced. The purpose of this comparative study is to conduct detailed analysis on the benefits and downsides of both online and in-person training approaches with its impact, and to highlight the key follow-ups for further improvement.
A COMPUTAÇÃO DESPLUGADA ALIADA À EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA BRASILEIRA.
Authors: Soares Luísa Maristela , Trentin Marco , Canabarro Teixeira Adriano
Published: December 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma revisão sistemática da literatura dos trabalhos relacionados à aplicação da Computação Desplugada na área da educação, publicados em eventos brasileiros entre os anos de 2005 e 2017. Esta revisão foi realizada com base em artigos publicados em importantes eventos nacionais: Congresso Brasileiro de Informática na Educação (CBIE), Workshop de Informática na Escola (WIE), Workshop sobre Educação em Computação (WEI) e Congresso sobre Tecnologias na Educação (Ctrl+E). Foram analisados 13 artigos, a fim de perceber e avaliar criticamente o que sugerem as pesquisas nesta área do conhecimento. Ao findar essa análise, percebe-se que a comunidade acadêmica tem plena ciência da importância da computação desplugada para educação de nosso país, quer seja por sua relativa facilidade em ser implementada, bem como sua capacidade de abrangência em um maior número de escolas, mesmo as que não possuem laboratório de informática, que é ainda uma triste realidade em nosso país.
RECURSOS AUDIOVISUAIS DISPONÍVEIS PARA ATIVIDADES DE DIVULGAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA E ENSINO DE FÍSICA SOBRE GALÁXIAS.
Authors: Gonçalves de Arruda Higor Felipe , Plaza Teixeira Ricardo Roberto
Published: December 2022

Este artigo procura investigar os conhecimentos astrofísicos atuais sobre as galáxias e as ferramentas existentes para a sua inserção na divulgação e na educação científica. Ele tem como objetivo examinar as perspectivas didáticas do uso de recursos audiovisuais, em especial de vídeos, em atividades de divulgação científica sobre temas relacionados à área da astrofísica de galáxias e outros tópicos de astronomia relacionados. Durante a pesquisa foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica em áreas como a astrofísica de galáxias e o ensino de astronomia e de física, em livros, artigos de revistas especializadas, trabalhos apresentados em congressos acadêmicos, teses e dissertações. Esta revisão teve o intuito de fundamentar o trabalho realizado e situar o atual estado da arte, em termos científicos e educacionais, das discussões acerca do seu eixo temático. Foi feito um levantamento pormenorizado de vídeos disponíveis na internet e que podem ser usados, em ações de divulgação científica envolvendo temas de astrofísica, astronomia e cosmologia, particularmente aqueles relacionados ao estudo das galáxias. Foram examinados e obtidos também os links de trabalhos originais escritos por cientistas que se notabilizaram no estudo das galáxias, tais como Wright, Kant, Herschel, Shapley, Curtis, Hubble, Rubin, Ghez e Genzel.
METODOLOGIA ATIVA E ROBÓTICA EDUCACIONAL: UMA PROPOSTA PARA O ESTUDO DO SISTEMA SOLAR.
Authors: Crisóstemo Gonçalves Diângelo , Roberto Machado Benite Cláudio
Published: December 2022

O ensino dos conteúdos escolares de Física tem se tornado um grande obstáculo para a aprendizagem dos alunos que se sentem desmotivados em compreender os fenômenos da natureza comumente abordados pelo professor com foco na memorização de fórmulas e definições. Se contrapondo a esse cenário, as metodologias ativas surgem como alternativas pedagógicas possibilitando aos alunos, enquanto sujeitos históricos, assumirem papel ativo na aprendizagem partindo de suas experiências, saberes e opiniões valorizadas como ponto de partida para construção do conhecimento. Pautados em elementos da pesquisa-ação, este estudo apresenta uma intervenção pedagógica (IP) com o Tema ‘Astronomia’ para a abordagem de conteúdos sobre o movimento dos planetas no Sistema Solar objetivando participações ativas e criativas dos alunos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos conteúdos escolares de Física a partir de atividades envolvendo visita a um Planetário e uso de robótica educacional, ambos fundamentados na dinâmica dos três momentos pedagógicos. Nossos resultados sinalizam que o uso de tecnologias no ensino de Física pode incentivar a participação conjunta e criativa dos alunos, se contrapondo as propostas expositivas e memorísticas que até hoje perduram nas salas de aula.
UM JOGO COM REALIDADE AUMENTADA PARA A APRENDIZAGEM DA ISOMERIA.
Authors: Vahldick Adilson , Heinen Adroan Covari
Published: December 2022

A Realidade Aumentada (RA) está cada vez mais acessível ao grande público. O amadurecimento da tecnologia em combinação com o barateamento dos dispositivos móveis tornou popular a experiência com RA. Paulatinamente, essa tecnologia vem sendo usada para fins educativos. O presente trabalho apresenta um jogo com recursos de RA para apoiar o aprendizado de isomeria. O aplicativo está estruturado em um jogo de seis perguntas e respostas e mais três questões que solicitam ao aluno construir uma molécula. O jogo foi experimentado com 35 voluntários entre 17 e 60 anos. Devido às restrições sanitárias quanto ao COVID ainda não foi possível testar com alunos do ensino médio. Com a avaliação foi possível concluir a possibilidade de usar o jogo em sala de aula.  A maior contribuição do trabalho é a ideia validada do jogo com possíveis aplicações em sala de aula, fomentando o uso desse tipo de aplicativo nas aulas de química.
THEORETICAL BASICS OF THE RESILIENCE OF SYSTEMS COMMODITY MARKETS IN THE COORDINATES OF NATIONAL SECURITY
Authors: NIKISHYNA O.V. , BOCHKAROV D.O. , ZERKINA O.O.
Published: December 2022

Topicality. The instability of the external environment is becoming a permanent condition for the functioning of commodity market systems, to which it is necessary to quickly adapt. Ensuring the reproduction development of systems of vertically adjacent commodity markets requires the acquisition of a certain stability (resilience) by the market system, which makes it necessary to study the essence of this category in the market dimension. In the war and post-war period, studies of the stability of commodity markets in the context of national security become especially relevant.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the theoretical foundations of the resilience of commodity market systems based on a reproducible approach in conditions of instability. The following methods were used during the research: dialectical, theoretical generalization and comparison, structural-logical method.Research results. Based on the content analysis of the "economic stability" category, it was established that in peacetime the essence of stability was determined by the preservation and improvement of the parameters of the economic system, while in the wartime the key component is their restoration, that is, resilience. The connection and mutual influence of the stability of functioning on the stability of the development of systems of adjacent markets is substantiated, the author's definition of the category "stability of reproduction development" is given. The essence of the basic principles of regulating the resilience of commodity market systems is defined: preventiveness, alternativeness and priority of the economic interests of the state. The relationship and mutual influence of the resilience of commodity markets, as a component of the national resilience system, on national security is substantiated.Conclusion. The scientific novelty of the conducted research consists in the development of the theoretical foundations of the resilience of commodity market systems based on a reproduction approach by transforming the theoretical provisions of economic stability in the market dimension, taking into account the conditions of the wartime period. The theoretical foundations of market resilience developed in the article form a scientific basis for the justification of adaptive mechanisms for regulating the stability of functioning and development of commodity market systems, which can be implemented by state authorities at different levels of management.
Analisis Gejala Hiperbola pada Merek Dagang dan Slogan Produk Makanan PT. Indofood
Authors: Budhiarno Claudin Arfienka Budhiarno , Assidik Gallant Karunia
Published: December 2022

Gejala hiperbola pada merek dagang makanan PT. Indofood sangat menarik untuk diteliti. Hal tersebut dikarenakan penemuan pemakaian gaya bahasa hiperbola yang cukup unik pada salah satu produk PT. Indofood yaitu Qtella. Letak gaya bahasa hiperbola pada merek tersebut yaitu pada penggunaan huruf Q sebagai kata ganti dari kata ketela. Selain itu, produk Qtella juga memiliki slogan ‘Jagonya snack keluarga’. Maka dari itu, peneliti ingin menelaah lebih lanjut mengenai temuan lainnya mengenai gejala hiperbola pada merek dagang dan slogan produk makanan PT. Indofood. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu guna mengetahui bagaimana bentuk gejala hiperbola pada merek dagang dan slogan produk makanan PT. Indofood beserta dampaknya. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif analitif. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis makna gaya bahasa. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pengamatan dan catat. Artinya, data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dengan cara mengamati merek dagang atau produk yang diproduksi oleh PT. Indofood Indonesia kemudian mencatat data iklan yang mengandung gaya bahasa. Pertama-tama slogan dan merek dagang diamati, setelah itu dipilih iklan yang mengandung gaya bahasa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat ditarik kesimpulan, yakni gejala hiperbola pada merek dagang dan slogan produk makanan PT. Indofood diklasifikasikan menjadi 4 gejala hiperbola yaitu hiperbola tipografi, hiperbola makna, hiperbola gambar, dan hiperbola pengucapan.
Kesantunan Berbahasa Anak melalui Novel Mata dan Nyala Api Purba Karya Okky Madasari
Authors: Kurniawan Ade , Puspitasari Nur Aini
Published: December 2022

Kesantunan berbahasa pada novel memiliki kepentingan untuk dapat melancarkan konsep komunikasi antar tokoh dan juga bisa menjadi pembalajaran bagi para pembaca. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan kesantunan berbahasa anak pada maksim kebijaksanaan, penerimaan, kerendah hati, kesimpatian, kesetujuan, dan kemurahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Prosedur pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini antara lain: mengidentifikasi, membaca novel mata dan nyala api purba yang mengandung maksim secara berulang, menginventarisasi dialog tokoh anak dan tokoh utama yang mengandung maksim, pengumpulan data, analisis data, dan menginterpretasi data. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis isi dengan langkah-langkah membaca dan mengklasifikasi jenis maksim. Hasil dalam penelitian ini ditemukan kesantunan berbahasa anak maksim kesimpatian dengan indikator menunjukkan rasa simpati terhadap mitra tutur, maksim kebijaksanaan dengan indikator jenis kebijaksanaan tidak menimbulkan kerugian bagi mitra tutur, maksim kerendahatian dengan jenis memuji mitra tutur dan mengecam diri sendiri sebanyak mungkin, dan maksim kesetujuan dengan jenis meminimalkan kesetujuan pada orang lain dan memaksimalkan kesetujuan pada orang lain. Mengingat pentingnya kesantunan berbahasa pada novel dan kehidupan sehari-hari, penelitian ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pembelajaran kebahasaan bagi anak-anak.
PRODUCTIVITY OF 20 YEAR PLANTS COLUMNAR APPLE-TYPE UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF KYIV REGION
Authors: Havryliuk O. , Kondratenko T.
Published: December 2022

Differentiation of generative buds is one of the most important biological processes of plant transition from vegetative to generative state. The study of the productivity of apple trees in the process of its formation, by analyzing the formation of rudimentary organs and their successive development into vegetative and generative organs, which are elements of productivity, allows to establish the features of this process in complex fruit formations of different ages. Knowing the level of influence of meteorological factors on the passage of II-XII stages of organogenesis, we can recommend more specific soil and climatic conditions for growing columnar varieties. Plants of columnar varieties of apple differ from traditional almost complete absence of lateral branching, the formation of crops on simple and complex rings (fruit formations), which are located on the trunk of the tree, as well as dwarf growth, early fruiting and high yields. In the studies, trees of columnar varieties on medium-sized rootstock 54-118 differed significantly in height, trunk diameter, crown width and density of fruit formations on the trunk. As the height of the trees increases, the number of fruit formations on the plant increases, resulting in an increase in the potential for higher yields. Considering the realization of reproductive potential in stages, we noted changes in the participation of different age areas of the trunk (complex rings) in the formation of the actual harvest. In the conditions of Kyiv region, columnar apple cultivars react differently to environmental conditions at certain stages of organogenesis. The efficiency of differentiation of generative buds of columnar varieties is influenced in one way or another by meteorological factors. For introduced varieties, the increase in the level of Σaсtt≥10, precipitation and average daily air temperature has a negative effect on the formation of generative potential at III-IV stages of organogenesis, as evidenced by the high negative correlation between the ratio of generative buds to their total number and these factors (r > -0.80–0.96). The influence of these meteorological factors on the varieties of Ukrainian selection is weak and moderate, which indicates the best adaptive properties of these varieties. The influence of the age of the trunk on the formation of plant productivity is minimal or absent (from 0 to 3%).
SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF OPTIMIZATION OF AGROCHEMICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF TYPICAL CHERNOZEM OF ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR GROWING TOMATOES
Authors: Paramonova T. , Kuts O. , Naidonova O. , Mykhailyn V. , Krutko R.
Published: December 2022

The maximum positive effect on the microbiological activity of chernozem typical low-humus heavy loam in the cultivation of tomatoes - the seventh culture of 9-field vegetable-fodder irrigated crop rotation has the aftereffect of organic fertilizers (14 tons of manure per hectare of crop rotation area) and the use of a complex of bacterial preparations with nitrogen-fixing and phosphorus-mobilizing bacteria. The use of only mineral fertilizers causes deterioration of most microbiological parameters of the soil, except for the oligotrophic index. The transformation of organic matter in the soil is more intense in the variant with the introduction of the organic system of agriculture. The application of organic fertilizers and straw to the soil has a positive effect on the soil microbiocenosis and activates the process of transformation of organic matter. Under these conditions, due to the positive effect on the plant and, accordingly, ensuring the receipt of more organic matter (vegetative mass, root residues, straw), helps to increase the microbial transformation of organic compounds by 1.5 and 2.0 times compared to the option without fertilizers and mineral fertilizer system. In irrigated vegetable-fodder crop rotation green mature in combination with bacterial preparations and, in particular, the use of organic fertilizers contributes to the growth of microorganisms that grow on rich in organic matter and nutrients (eutrophs) - up to 34.0-41.5 vs. 19.9 million CFU / g of dry soil - for the mineral system of tomato fertilizer.
EFFICIENCY OF APPLICATION OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER ELEMENTS ON FORMING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF SOY AGRICULTURAL CULTIVATION
Authors: Sendetsky V. , Centilo L. , Melnichuk T.
Published: December 2022

The results of studies on the influence of organic fertilization using straw, siderates, manure, the latest organic fertilizers "Biohumus", "Bioproferm" on improving soil fertility and forming the productivity of the soybean agrocenosis are given, and the economic efficiency of agricultural measures is determined. The improvement of agrophysical and agrochemical parameters was established, the trend of increasing the content of humus in the soil by 0.08-0.17%, the decrease of the acidity of the pH of salt by 0.5-0.8 compared to the control was noted.In all variants of the experiment, improvements in biometric indicators of agrocenosis formation, increase in leaf surface area, net productivity of photosynthesis, indicators of accumulation of dry matter were noted. The researched elements of the growing technology affected the reduction of weediness of soybean crops, contributed to the increase in the formation of the number of beans per plant and the weight of 1000 seeds.With the use of elements of organic fertilizer in all variants of the control, the productivity of soybean varieties Bohemians and Suzirya increased, with the highest productivity indicators of 3.58 and 3.29 t/ha, respectively, which is more by 1.32 and 1.26 t/ha. The improvement of quality indicators of soybean grain was established.The largest conditionally net income of the Bohemian and Constellation varieties was obtained in the variant of straw destruction with the preparation "Vermystim-D" (7 l/ha), application of organic fertilizer "Bioproferm" (4 t/ha) with the following sowing of white mustard on siderate: respectively by 8.65 and 8.54 thousand hryvnias/ha; profitability level – by 18.4 and 28.2%; the cost price decreased by 0.35 and 0.61 thousand hryvnias/ton compared to the control.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Kulit Pisang Kepok (Musa acuminata X Musa balbisiana ) terhadap Diferensial Leukosit pada Benih Ikan Kakap Putih (Lates calcarifer)
Authors: Hendriyono  , Wulandari Rika , Zahra Aminatul
Published: December 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pemberian ekstrak kulit pisang kepok dengan konsentrasi berbeda terhadap diferensial leukosit benih ikan kakap putih (Lates calcarifer). Pemeliharaan dilaksanakan selama 23 hari di  HSRT Maju Mandiri Desa Madong, Kota Tanjungpinang, Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Pembuatan ekstrak kulit pisang bertempatan di Marine Chemistry Laboratoty Fakultas Ilmu Kelautan dan Perikanan, Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksprimental dengan melakukan pengujian terhadap ekstrak kulit pisang kepok  pada benih ikan kakap putih. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 Perlakuan (0 ppm, 0,5 ppm, 0,9 ppm, dan 1,3 ppm) 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan ekstrak kulit pisang kepok berpengaruh nyata pada persentase limfosit, neutrofil dan nilai hematokrit tetapi tidak berpengaruh singnifikan pada pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup benih ikan kakap putih. Penggunaan ekstrak kulit pisang kepok yang dicampurkan pada pakan berpengaruh nyata terhadap diferensial leukosit, yaitu persentase limfosit dan neutrofil pada benih ikan kakap putih. Persentase limfosit dan neutrofil terbaik adalah pada perlakuan C, dengan nilai 75,67% dan 12,33% pada benih ikan kakap putih.
„Bić się i nie bić” – Tarnowscy z Dzikowa wobec polskich zrywów niepodległościowych
Authors: Zych Tadeusz
Published: December 2022

Odwieczne polskie pytanie: „bić się, czy nie bić?” kształtowało także trzy pokolenia Tarnowskich z Dzikowa. Ten jeden z najznamienitszych polskich rodów arystokratycznych, mimo że w XIX i XX w. nie posiadał już takiego znaczenia, jak kilka wieków wcześniej, to jednak jego przedstawiciele uczestniczyli aktywnie we wszystkich ważnych wydarzeniach politycznych i militarnych. Tak było także w czasie epoki napoleońskiej, jak też podczas XIX-wiecznych powstań. Angażując się w nie, pomimo świadomości niewielkich szans na sukces, nie tylko realizowali rodzinny etos rycerza, ale także umiejętnie potrafili łączyć ze sobą postawę romantyczną z polityczną rozwagą.
Die Besonderheiten des Einsatzes der gefangenen ukrainischen Soldaten der zaristischen Armee im Interesse des Deutschen Reichsheeres (Ende 1916 – Anfang 1918)
Authors: Krepel Vira , Sarapyna Anastasiia , Sribnyak Ihor , Shatylo Volodymyr
Published: December 2022

Im Artikel wird die Spezifik des Einsatzes der im Lager Rastatt gehaltenen gefangenen Ukrainer im Interesse der Militärführung des Deutschen Reichsheeres 1917 bis Anfang 1918 analysiert. Vom Bund der Befreiung der Ukraine wurde in diesem Lager intensive Kultur- und Bildungsarbeit sowie national bewusste Organisationarbeit durchgeführt, infolgedessen die ukrainische Organisation „die Selbständige Ukraine” gegründet wurde. Einige ihrer radikalsten Mitglieder wurden von den Deutschen geheim über die Frontlinie zwecks konspirativer Revolutionsarbeit zur Destabilisierung des Hinterlandes der russischen Armee überstellt. Zugleich förderte die deutsche Militärführung die Tätigkeit der paramilitärischen Organisation „Zaporiz‘ka Sič”, der ukrainische Gefangene angehörten und auf deren Basis das 1. Zaporižžer Taras-Ševčenko-Regiment entstand. Ende 1916 erklärte sich ein Teil seiner Krieger bereit, bei der deutschen Armee zu dienen mit dem Ziel, das Hinterland ihrer Fronttruppen zu gestalten. Im Laufe von 1917 stieg die Zahl der Ukrainer bei der deutschen Armee kontinuierlich an, im März 1918 schlossen sie sich alle der 1. Division der Blauröcke („synnjožupannyky”)  an und wurden in die Ukraine umdisloziert.
Wolfdietrich Eichler (1912–1994) i jego wizyta w Państwowym Muzeum Zoologicznym w Warszawie w 1940 roku
Authors: Daszkiewicz Piotr
Published: December 2022

Artykuł prezentuje wizytę Wolfdiedricha Eichlera w Państwowym Muzem Zoologicznym w Warszawie. W 1939 r. warszawskie muzeum zostało okradzione przez Niemców. Instytucja ta szybko stała się ważnym ośrodkiem ruchu oporu. W 1940 r. Wolfdietrich Eichler, entomolog i parazytolog został powołany do Wehrmachtu i wysłany do Warszawy. Dzięki rekomendacji Waltera Arndta, zoologa i antyhitlerowca, Eichler odwiedził warszawskie muzeum i nawiązał współpracę z Tadeuszem Jaczewskim. Artykuł przypomina postać Wolfdiedricha Eichlera – wybitnego zoologa i demokraty i jego długoletnią współpracę z polskimi zoologami.
Wpływ Października 1956 roku na zmiany w polityce rolnej na Warmii i Mazurach
Authors: Gross Radosław
Published: December 2022

Przemiany zapoczątkowane październikowym Plenum KC PZPR w 1956 r. doprowadziły do gruntownych zmian w polityce rolnej państwa. Zmiany te objęły trzy sektory rolnictwa: prywatny, spółdzielczy i państwowy. W przypadku rolników indywidualnych ograniczono wymiar nakładanych na nich świadczeń i stworzono im bardziej sprzyjające warunki do rozwoju produkcji. Władze odeszły w procesie kolektywizacji od stosowania środków administracyjnych i zarzucono siłowe metody tworzenia spółdzielni produkcyjnych. Działania te doprowadziły do przerwania procesu kolektywizacji wsi i lawinowego rozwiązywania istniejących kolektywów. Reformy wprowadzane w państwowym sektorze rolnictwa prowadziły do decentralizacji zarządzania i zwiększenia samodzielności jednostek gospodarczych znajdujących się na najniższym szczeblu w strukturze PGR. Z czasem jednak przystąpiono do łączenia drobnych przedsiębiorstw państwowych w mniej efektywne gospodarstwa wielozakładowe.
O trudach ostatniej kampanii Antygonosa Monofthalmosa przeciw Eumenesowi. Uwagi na marginesie książki Michała Piekarskiego, Gabiene 316 p.n.e., Bellona, Warszawa 2021, ss. 294
Authors: Oczachowska Klaudia
Published: December 2022

Monografia Gabiene 316 p.n.e. jest implikacją rozważań nad znaczeniem i wpływem tytułowej bitwy na kolejne wojny toczone między diadochami. Tytuł pracy sugeruje próbę zrekonstruowania wspomnianej batalii, jednak w celu nadania pracy klarowności i spójności opis bitwy poprzedzony jest wydarzeniami mającymi miejsce tuż po śmierci Wielkiego Macedończyka. Zgodnie z czym pierwszy rozdział rozpoczyna się opisem wydarzeń z 323 p.n.e., z uwzględnieniem planów i dążeń poszczególnych jednostek, kolejne rozdziały zarysowują szeroki kontekst wydarzeń i wprowadzają w próbę rekonstrukcji tytułowej batalii. Zawarte przez autora opisy innych, w jego ocenie istotnych starć, miały rzutować na układ sił diadochów, a w konsekwencji na odniesione w 316 p.n.e. przez Antygonosa zwycięstwo. W przedłożonym opracowaniu omówiono treść i układ wspomnianej pracy, dokonano również uzupełnień i sugestii dotyczących literatury przedmiotu. Odniesiono się też do pominiętych, lecz istotnych z punktu widzenia owej publikacji, materiałów źródłowych. Ostatecznie pozytywnie oceniono merytoryczny wymiar pracy, a także styl i język autora oraz dostrzeganą w niemalże każdej części książki dbałość autora o podtrzymanie zainteresowania czytelnika. W efekcie mamy do czynienia z ciekawą pracą, która w pewnym zakresie uzupełnia polskojęzyczną bibliografię okresu hellenistycznego.
A Game of Whac-A-Mole
Authors: Lutz Naama
Published: December 2022

This article focuses on the Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions (BDS) movement's utilization of ‘fluidity,’ conceptualized as the ability to adapt campaign tactics to multiple arenas and political opportunity structures simultaneously. Framing BDS as both a social movement and a transnational advocacy network, it demonstrates the movement's fluidity in the context of three campaigns: the campaign at the 65th FIFA (Federation Internationale de Football Association) congress in 2015, which illustrates an ‘outsider’ strategy aimed at intergovernmental institutions; the 2014 Olive Declaration of municipalities endorsing BDS, which illustrates how local ‘insider’ campaigns can combine to create a translocal campaign; and the ‘Ferguson-Gaza moment’ in 2014, which illustrates how movements can engage at the level of civil society and embed themselves in the broader global justice movement.
Explaining Non-Diasporic Mobilizations for Distant Causes
Authors: Zarnett David
Published: December 2022

While the Palestinian struggle has received widespread support from non-Palestinian activists across North America and Europe, the Kurdish struggle in Turkey, which is similar to the Palestinian cause in important ways, has not received such extensive support from non-Kurdish activists. Existing explanations do not fully account for this difference. I argue that this variation in non-diasporic support is in part a product of the impact that differences between the Palestinian and Kurdish diasporas in the West have had on how each group has sought to mobilize grassroots support for their cause. The small size and internal divisions of the Palestinian diaspora incentivized Palestinian activists to focus on recruiting non-Palestinians, creating the conditions for their mobilization. The larger size and greater degree of organization of the Kurdish diaspora incentivized Kurdish activists to focus primarily on mobilizing their ethnic kin and less on recruiting non-Kurds, resulting in relatively little non-Kurdish support.
János Kádár’s Government and the Refugees of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956
Authors: Baráth Magdolna
Published: December 2022

During and following the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, approximately 200,000 people fled the country, the majority of them to Austria and others to Yugoslavia. After the suppression of the Revolution, the Hungarian authorities targeted the refugees with two simultaneous measures: on the one hand, they sought to persuade those who were willing and those whom the official propaganda considered as “misguided” to repatriate; and on the other hand, the said authorities did everything in their power to compromise “hostile” emigrant circles and persons, thereby weakening their influence among the refugees. In order to encourage and facilitate the repatriation, Hungary proclaimed amnesty and established a Hungarian–Yugoslav joint committee as well as a repatriation office in Vienna; however, the widespread repatriation propaganda of the Hungarian government was largely unsuccessful. Moreover, those returning after 31 March 1957 were meticulously screened and many repatriation requests were rejected, mostly for fear that Western intelligence might have planted spies among the applicants and repatriates. Initially, Hungarian leaders regarded the emigration of 1956 as a threat for fear that Western propaganda might use the migrants to influence Western public opinion and the foreign policy of other governments towards Hungary; they only changed their stance in the summer of 1958, when the Political Committee of the Central Committee of the Hungarian Socialist Workers’ Party established a commission in charge of emigration affairs, which was to pay particular attention to financially supporting the repatriation of certain categories of 1956 emigrants. In 1960, “consular passports” were introduced to enable the relatives of “dissidents” to go abroad for family visits, and under certain conditions, “dissidents” were also allowed to visit Hungary. In 1963, the Hungarian repatriation policy reached a turning point with János Kádár’s proclamation of a general amnesty. From that period onward, maintaining relations with Hungarian emigration became an integral part of government policy, and the political system made concessions with regard to the perception and treatment of emigration circles, which were also showing signs of division.
The Effect of Senior's Lifestyle on Health Promotion Behaviors: The Mediating Effect of Health Control Behavior
Authors:   Korea Gerontological Society, Lee Sang Mae
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of senior lifestyle on health promotion behavior and to investigate the mediating effects of health control behavior on these relationships. For this purpose, an online survey (under Corona 19 Pendemic Situation) was conducted from July 18 to August 20, 2021 for seniors in their 50s, 60s and 70s, and finally 412 data were used for analysis. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS for Win 27.0 and the mediating effect was analyzed by hierarchical regression analysis. The main results of the study are as follows. First, it was confirmed that senior's lifestyle had a positive effect on health promotion behavior. Second, health control behavior had a positive effect on health promotion behavior. Third, it was confirmed that the mediating effect of internal and other dependent health control behavior was significant in the relationship between lifestyle and health promotion behavior. Fourth, it was confirmed that the mediating effect of accidental health control behavior was not significant in the relationship between lifestyle and health promotion behavior. Based on this, this study suggested the necessity of changing into internal and other dependent health control behaviors in order to maintain health when the health control behaviors of accidental tendencies are high. In this study, the degree of internal and other dependent health control behaviors and the degree of tendency of accidental health control behaviors were diagnosed and educated.
The Effect of the Local Medical Resources of the Elderly Living in Seoul on their Needs for Community Medical Environment
Authors:   Korea Gerontological Society, RYU Ji-A
Published: December 2022

Focusing on the elderly living in Seoul, this study aims to analyze empirically the effects of the local medical resources on the needs for community medical environment based on the number of medical institutions, total number of doctors, total number of beds in the district as a representative of local medical resources. Multi-level logistic regression model was used. 2018 Seoul Elderly Survey was used for the data of the level one and Seoul Statistics 2018 were used for the data of the level 2. As a result, as the total number of doctors and beds increase, the elderly's needs for community medical environment significantly decreased. It exhibits that the total number of doctors and beds are critical rather than the total number of medical institutions in the district. Based on the above results, it is hospitals that affect the needs for community medical environment of the elderly. The results of this study suggest in order to provide the pro-aging social ecological system it is necessary to examine the elderly's needs for community medical environment for the higher medical institutions in preparation for the super aging society