bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the possibility of using waste disposable gloves as recycled fibers in sustainable 3D concrete printing using different additives
Authors: Mousavi Seyed Sina , Dehestani Mehdi
Published: July 2023

Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, using large amounts of personal protective equipment (PPE) throughout the world has extensively increased in recent years. The lack of a practical method to dispose of these recycled materials is one of the main concerns of researchers. Hence, comprehensive experimental tests were conducted in the present study to investigate the feasibility of using disposable gloves in mortars to achieve a sustainable mixture. Accordingly, latex and vinyl gloves as recycled fibers were considered in the experimental program to improve the sustainability of 3D printing concrete. As using these recycled materials causes some deficiencies for printing layers, different mineral and chemical admixtures were used in the present study, including graphene oxide nanomaterials, polyvinyl alcohol, Cloisite 15A nanoclay, and micro silica fume. Also, the hybrid use of latex, vinyl, and polypropylene (PP) fiber was considered to improve the printability of concrete mixtures containing waste fibers. Moreover, the effect of internal reinforcement was also considered by using plain steel wire mesh to increase the composite behavior of printed layers in this simplified experimental program. Results indicate that the synergic influence of recycled fibers and admixtures meaningfully enhanced the 3D printing properties of mortar so that about 20%, 80%, 50%, and more than 100% improvements were obtained for workability, direct tensile strength, flexural strength, and buildability index respectively. However, an average percentage − 28.3% reduction was recorded for the concrete compressive strength. Sustainability analysis also showed that using waste disposable gloves considerably reduced CO2 emissions.
Survival impact of microsatellite instability in stage II gastric cancer patients who received S-1 adjuvant monotherapy after curative resection
Authors: Sato Chihiro , Kawakami Hisato , Tanaka Ryo , Satake Hironaga , Inoue Kentaro , Kimura Yutaka , Fujita Junya , Kawabata Ryohei , Chiba Yasutaka , Satoh Taroh , Nakagawa Kazuhiko
Published: July 2023

Adjuvant S-1 monotherapy is the standard of care for stage II gastric cancer (GC) after curative resection in Japan, but its efficacy for microsatellite instability–high (MSI-H) tumors has remained unknown. Among a multi-institutional cohort of patients with stage II GC who underwent R0 resection followed by S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy between February 2008 and December 2018, we assessed MSI status with an MSI-IVD Kit (Falco). MSI status was assessable for 184 (88.5%) of the 208 enrolled patients, with MSI-H being identified in 24 (13.0%) individuals. Although neither relapse-free survival (RFS) (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.00, p = 0.997) nor overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.66, p = 0.488) differed between MSI-H versus microsatellite-stable (MSS) patients, MSI-H patients showed a nonsignificant but better RFS (HR = 0.34, p = 0.064) and OS (HR = 0.22, p = 0.057) than did MSS patients after adjustment for background characteristics by propensity score (PS) analysis. Gene expression analysis in the PS-matched cohort suggested that recurrence was associated with the immunosuppressive microenvironment in MSI-H tumors but with expression of cancer/testis antigen genes in MSS tumors. Our data reveal a better adjusted survival for MSI-H versus MSS stage II GC treated with S-1 adjuvant therapy, and they suggest that mechanisms of recurrence differ between MSI-H and MSS tumors.
Orientational dynamics and rheology of active suspensions in weakly viscoelastic flows
Authors: Choudhary Akash , Nambiar Sankalp , Stark Holger
Published: July 2023

Microswimmer suspensions in Newtonian fluids exhibit unusual macroscale properties, such as a superfluidic behavior, which can be harnessed to perform work at microscopic scales. Since most biological fluids are non-Newtonian, here we study the rheology of a microswimmer suspension in a weakly viscoelastic shear flow. At the individual level, we find that the viscoelastic stresses generated by activity substantially modify the Jeffery orbits well-known from Newtonian fluids. The orientational dynamics depends on the swimmer type; especially pushers can resist flow-induced rotation and align at an angle with the flow. To analyze its impact on bulk rheology, we study a dilute microswimmer suspension in the presence of random tumbling and rotational diffusion. Strikingly, swimmer activity and its elastic response in polymeric fluids alter the orientational distribution and substantially amplify the swimmer-induced viscosity. This suggests that pusher suspensions reach the superfluidic regime at lower volume fractions compared to a Newtonian fluid with identical viscosity.
Time-variations of the climate feedback parameter λ are associated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation
Authors: Meyssignac Benoît , Chenal Jonathan , Loeb Norman , Guillaume-Castel Robin , Ribes Aurélien
Published: July 2023

Climate models suggest that the climate feedback parameter λ, which denotes the magnitude of the Earth radiative response to a change in global surface temperature, varies with time. This is because λ depends on the pattern of sea-surface temperature. However, the time-variability of λ and its relation to the sea-surface temperature pattern has not been evaluated in multi-decadal observations. Here, using up-to-date observations, we evaluate the global energy budget over successive 25-year windows and derive a time-series of λ over 1970–2005. We find λ varied within the range [−3.2, −1.0]W ⋅ m−2 ⋅ K−1 since 1970. These variations are linked to the sea-surface temperature pattern changes associated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. Climate model simulations forced with observations of historical sea-surface temperature show a 1970–2005 mean λ that is consistent with observations. However, they fail in reproducing observed λ time-variations since 1970 which are associated to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, meaning that climate models underestimate the pattern effect at decadal time scales.
An applicable graph theory approach for evaluating structural robustness of urban drainage networks
Authors: Hajiamoosha Paria , Pauwels Valentijn R. N. , Urich Christian
Published: July 2023

A quick and inexpensive graph theory approach in analysis of structural robustness of UDNs leads to a better understanding of design, re-engineering, maintenance and managing the UDNs to become more robust and minimise the flooding impacts.
Visible light-mediated ring-ablative functionalization of oxazoles: oxidative azidation and demethylative amination
Authors: Garg Parul , Singh Tavinder , Singh Anand
Published: July 2023

Photochemical azidation and demethylative amination of 5-alkoxyoxazoles was developed using trimethylsilyl azide and N,N-dimethylanilines, respectively. These cascade C–N bond forming transformations are accompanied by concomitant oxazole cleavage.
Reaction induced thermally stabilized TS-1 zeolite as a novel long-lasting catalyst for methyl lactate production
Authors: Jiang Yuxi , Lyu Xilei , Wei Xiwen , Ren Aotian , Chen Hao , Lu Xiuyang
Published: July 2023

TS-1 zeolite for converting fructose to methyl lactate can be recycled 14 times, accompanied by a surprising increase in activity.
Room-temperature synthesis of Ag- and Mn-doped Cs2NaBiCl6 octahedrons for dye photodegradation
Authors: Li Ling , Zhong Yuwei , Hu Yongfei , Bai Jilin , Qiao Fen , Ahmed Abdelaal S. A. , Ali Ghafar , Zhao Xiujian , Xie Yi
Published: July 2023

The room-temperature procedure for Ag- and Mn-doping in Cs2NaBiCl6 octahedrons with excellent photocatalytic degradation of dyes.
Oxide nanoparticle exsolution in Lu-doped (Ba,La)CoO3
Authors: Balcerzak Daria , Szpunar Iga , Strandbakke Ragnar , Saeed Sarmad W. , Bazioti Calliope , Mielewczyk-Gryń Aleksandra , Winiarz Piotr , Carrillo Alfonso J. , Balaguer María , Serra Jose M. , Gazda Maria , Wachowski Sebastian
Published: July 2023

This study investigated Lu doping of Ba0.5La0.5CoO3 and its influence on the exsolution of oxide nanoparticles (NPs).
The effect of enhanced heat transfer across metal–nonmetal interfaces subject to femtosecond laser irradiation
Authors: Lin Gen , Jiang Lan , Ji Pengfei
Published: July 2023

The heat transfer across metal–nonmetal interfaces affects the accuracy of transient thermal reflectivity detection and repeatable femtosecond laser processing.
Study on pressure-induced isostructural phase transition and electrical transport properties of BiOBr
Authors: Zhang Xiaotong , Gao Yang , Xing Zhenfang , Peng Di , Han Yonghao
Published: July 2023

Two pressure-driven isostructural phase transitions of BiOBr, T–T′ and T′–T′′ were discovered at around 10.0 and 15.0 GPa, respectively. This can provide a reference for explaining the mechanism of IPT of other similar compounds after compression.
Fabrication of 3D macroporous Fe3O4–GO–Ni through a ‘nano-reinforced concrete’ method in the application of flexible supercapacitors
Authors: Zhou Ruitao , Lam Kwok Ho
Published: July 2023

Aqueous flexible supercapacitors with 3D nanostructures have promising potential in the wearable electronics.
Dual-mode sensing of hydrogen peroxide on self-assembled Ag nanoparticles anchored on polydopamine wrapping 2D Cu-MOFs
Authors: Zhang Tonglei , Wang Wanzhu , Zou Yuyao , Li Lingnan , Ge Danhua , Chen Xiaojun
Published: July 2023

Cu-MOF@PDA-Ag was successfully constructed as a sensor based on an enzyme-free electrochemical and colorimetric dual-signal readout platform towards H2O2 detection.
A ternary system exploiting the full solar spectrum to generate renewable hydrogen from a waste biomass feedstock
Authors: Li Qiyuan , Jiang Lixue , Huang Gan , Wang Da-Wei , Shepherd Jack , Daiyan Rahman , Markides Christos N. , Taylor Robert A. , Scott Jason
Published: July 2023

A solar-driven system is proposed capable of hydrogen production from waste biomass with low carbon and water footprints.
Enhanced nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands with a multistage-A/O process
Authors: Chen Jieyu , Wang Jie , Wang Xiaoning , Lv Yabing , Chen Ruiya , Xu Juchen , Li Dapeng , Hou Jie , He Xugang
Published: July 2023

The low concentration and low fluctuation of dissolved oxygen in multistage-A/O process not only helped to inhibit NOB and AGAOs, but also saved more endogenous carbon sources to improve the activity of PAOs, DGAOs and denitrifying bacteria.
Metal dicarboxylates as anode materials for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Teusner Matthew , Mata Jitendra , Johannessen Bernt , Stewart Glen , Cadogan Seán , Sharma Neeraj
Published: July 2023

Holistic investigations into the various mechanisms of battery electrodes are essential for the development of competitive and sustainable novel battery materials.
N-Acylsulfonamide: a valuable moiety to design new sulfa drug analogues
Authors: Amador Romain , Tahrioui Ali , Barreau Magalie , Lesouhaitier Olivier , Smietana Michael , Clavé Guillaume
Published: July 2023

We report here the synthesis and antibacterial/antibiofilm activities of 18 sulfa drug analogues with an N-acylsulfonamide moiety obtained efficiently by sulfo-click reactions between readily available thioacid and sulfonyl azide synthons.
Near-infrared organic light-emitting materials, devices and applications
Authors: Xu Mengxin , Li Xinyi , Liu Shihao , Zhang Letian , Xie Wenfa
Published: July 2023

In this article, we overview the latest advancements in organic near-infrared (NIR) materials, light-emitting devices and their applications. Moreover, we discuss the current limitations and future prospects for the NIR technology.
NMR spectroscopy as a unique tool for the quantification of weak interactions between trivalent phosphorus compounds and diphenyliodonium ions
Authors: Besrour Hend , Hedouin Matthieu , Truong Lina , Lakhdar Sami , Oulyadi Hassan
Published: July 2023

The stabilization and characterisation of weakly coordinated EDA complexes realized using low temperature NMR {1H,19F,31P}.
Direct acylcyanation of aryl alkenes by dual photoredox and copper catalysis
Authors: Dong Chun-Lin , Guan Zhi , He Yan-Hong
Published: July 2023

A mild and effective method for the direct acylcyanation of aryl alkenes with aroyl chlorides and trimethylsilyl cyanide (TMSCN) by merging photoredox and copper catalysis is described.
Degradation mechanisms of organic compounds in molten hydroxide salts: a radical reaction yielding H2 and graphite
Authors: Lecomte Florent , Porras Guiterrez Ana Gabriela , Huvé Marielle , Moissette Alain , Sicoli Giuseppe , Rollet Anne-Laure , Daviero-Minaud Sylvie
Published: July 2023

The degradation of organic compounds in molten hydroxides, producing graphite and H2 without CO2 release, is explained by radical reactions.
MnS/Mn0.5Cd0.5S nanorods modified with Cu2MoS4 nanoplates for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Jiang Jingjing , Liu Chao , Fang Xiaolong , Zhang Fengjun
Published: July 2023

In this paper, a series of highly efficient, noble metal-free 2D lamellar Cu2MoS4 modified 1D short rod-like MnS/Mn0.5Cd0.5S nanocomposites were obtained by hydrothermal impregnation.
Configuration and dynamics of a self-propelled diblock copolymer chain
Authors: Jiao Yang , Wang Jing , Tian Wen-de , Chen Kang
Published: July 2023

An active diblock copolymer chain can form the spiral(+)/tadpole(+) states under forward propulsion and the spiral(−)/tadpole(−)/bean states under backward propulsion.
The role of tandem repeat expansions in brain disorders
Authors: Panoyan Mary Anne , Wendt Frank R.
Published: July 2023

The human genome contains numerous genetic polymorphisms contributing to different health and disease outcomes. Tandem repeat (TR) loci are highly polymorphic yet under-investigated in large genomic studies, which has prompted research efforts to identify novel variations and gain a deeper understanding of their role in human biology and disease outcomes. We summarize the current understanding of TRs and their implications for human health and disease, including an overview of the challenges encountered when conducting TR analyses and potential solutions to overcome these challenges. By shedding light on these issues, this article aims to contribute to a better understanding of the impact of TRs on the development of new disease treatments.
A Novel Narendra‐based adaptive anti‐disturbance control strategy for the microgrid inverters: A novel MG VSI adaptive anti‐disturbance control strategy based on Narendra theory
Authors: Shi HongTao , He Zhuoheng , Chang Jiaming , He Zhu , Feng Kun , Li Yuchao
Published: July 2023

The control performance of the voltage source inverter will be reduced when it operates under complex microgrid (MG) conditions. Traditionally, problems such as high controller order and complex design may occur when robust control and secondary regulation are adopted for the inverters. Meanwhile, when the conventional adaptive control is adopted, the adaptive gain may be too high, resulting in increased sensitivity of the system to external disturbances. To address the above problems, a novel Narendra‐based adaptive anti‐disturbance control strategy for microgrid voltage source inverter is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a Narendra adaptive‐based controller is constructed, which enables the controller to adaptively adjust the system parameters to change the inverter output voltage quality. Secondly, the extended state observer (ESO) is introduced to observe and suppress the total disturbance of the system, which can make the system less sensitive and ensure the stability of the system operation. Thirdly, according to the Lyapunov stability theory, the Lyapunov function is chosen to prove the global asymptotic stability of the system, and an adaptive law is designed. Finally, the comparative experiment shows that the proposed control strategy based on Narendra adaptive anti‐disturbance can maintain excellent voltage control performance in complex working conditions, and then ensure that the inverter's output voltage always meets power quality standard in complex working conditions.
Data Discovery in Images Using a Median-Absolute-Deviation Based Filter
Authors: Banerjee Shataneek , Ghosh Amardip , Dey Avijit , Pal Prasanta
Published: July 2023

The utility of a recently developed, novel, computational digital image curation tool called SOCKS (Statistical Outlier Curation Kernel Software) is demonstrated in this paper. Raw image-data of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is used for the tests. Data is decontaminated through an iterative, parametrically tuned sequence of operations involving the conditional flagging of outliers, followed by the curation of the flagged pixels. Every iteration produces a decontaminated image and an outlier image, till the sequence converges asymptotically producing a final decontaminated image that represents the ground-truth as accurately as possible. The intermediate outlier images are shown to contain a wealth of information about the original image. An iteration-by-iteration approach of deriving insight out of the intermediate outlier images is described in detail. Traditional filtering methods, in contrast, discard outliers causing irreversible loss of information contained therein.
Enhanced Driver Drowsiness Detection using Deep Learning
Authors: Singh Dipender , Singh Avtar
Published: July 2023

The primary reason for road accidents is drowsiness reported by National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). To overcome this issue, researchers have proposed and implemented various methods based on driver behaviour and vehicle movements. Vehicle-based methods often rely on a set of predetermined parameters to detect drowsiness, such as changes in steering wheel angle or lane deviation. However, these parameters may not always accurately reflect a driver’s level of alertness. Therefore, it is essential to develop an effective approach for driver drowsiness detection. Deep learning techniques such as convolutional neural networks (CNN) are structured solutions to detect drowsiness based on drivers’ facial features. The proposed approach based on CNN focuses on the eyes and mouth region using the nose as a central point. CNN is operated with rectified linear activation function (ReLU) which gives 94.95% accuracy as compared to existing methods even in different situations namely low light, different angles, and transparent glasses.
5G Communication Systems: Network Slicing and Virtual Private Network Architecture
Authors: Makhija Deven
Published: July 2023

5G communication systems are being rolled out with multiple technological solutions and applications being fielded on existing as well as enhanced infrastructure. The utilization of 5G systems and infrastructure by verticals over different platforms as well as industries is achieved with slicing. Slicing in 5G provides guaranteed resources for end users of vertical industries and applications over varied platforms, architecture, and infrastructure. Standards for network slicing in 5G have been formulated by 3GPP and further specifications are being released. Implementation of slicing at various layers are being researched. This Paper reviews the advancements in development of specifications for Layer 2 implementation of slicing and communication systems using virtual Private Network and Virtual Transport Network and its architecture. The enhancements to communication systems using existing Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) and its exploitation based on slicing technology has been reviewed. The research challenges and way ahead on same have been discussed including end resource allocation.
Performance investigation for analysis of energy management in renewable energy by using particle swarm optimization
Authors: Yadav Gunjan , Srivastava S.K
Published: July 2023

This paper study of renewable energy sources in electrical output by the appearance of numerous and diverse issues and concerns. Finding smart technologies and algorithms capable of producing efficient solutions is one of the most critical issues. This paper also discusses how the algorithm improved to deal with difficulties linked to renewable energies to obtain the required results. The PSO algorithm was handle numerous issues in non-conventional power source, like optimum solar power, hybrid power, size, and total prices, etc. when the PSO method demonstrated its resolving issues versatility and several scholars continued to explore and refine the PSO algorithm. The proposed method efficiency and correctness are confirmed by develop model, its performance by developed model, its performance investigate the result by using MATLAB/Simulink. Overall, investigations and studies have demonstrated that the technique of PSO algorithm is one of the best renewable energy systems. This is because the technique is simple, efficient, and effective when compared with other optimization techniques and methods.
Homogeneous, lossy and Asymmetrical Strip Line with tabbed design for High-Speed Interface application
Authors: Patel Anuradha , Pandey Gaurav , Verma Gaurav , Panigrahi Rajiv , Sankaran N. Sabari Siva
Published: July 2023

Reduction of cross talk noise is an important characteristics of clean signal quality for high-speed channel analysis. In this paper, tab added strip line is modelled to improve signal distortion in high-speed digital circuits. A comprehensive analysis of the proposed design is done across frequency domain and time domain. 6dB improvement of FEXT is observed during frequency domain analysis and 3mV in eye height of time domain analysis.
A survey of trust based secure routing protocol used in mobile ad hoc networks
Authors: Sharma Shalini , Hussain Syed Zeeshan
Published: July 2023

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a dynamic wireless network developed using wireless nodes without using any infrastructures. The significant features of MANET are low-cost infrastructure, self-organization, mobility, and rapid deployment which offer the opportunity to deploy it for various applications such as disaster relief, environmental monitoring and military communications. The wireless nature of mobile networks causes the susceptible to malicious attacks. Therefore, security is turned out an essential factor to ease the secured message transmission among mobile nodes in the wireless medium. In this paper, the significant definition of the secure routing protocol is designated with its merits. Since there are various types of secure routing developed for accomplishing the secure transmission over the MANET. This paper studies the different types of existing routing methods such as optimization-based routing, and key encryption-based routing used in the MANET. The packet delivery ratio, energy consumption and end-to-end delay are considered key parameters for defining the effectiveness of secure routing protocols. This comprehensive research supports the researchers to obtain the best solutions for the current issues in the secure routing of MANET.
Ethereum Blockchain using AES-CMAC
Authors: Mathur Kunika , K Nandini
Published: July 2023

Managing and storing data are crucial tasks for any industry, since they require accurate and secure record-keeping. Using blockchain technology has significantly increased recently due to its capability to address some of the challenges that come with traditional data storage and management systems. In this paper, we will explore the use of Ethereum smart contracts powered by the Solidity programming language using AES-CMAC.
Was wissen Sie über … Augen?
Authors: Schmid Eva C.
Published: July 2023

Liebe Leser, testen Sie Ihr Wissen und frischen Sie Ihre Kenntnisse auf. Bitte kreuzen Sie jeweils eine Antwort an. Viel Spaß beim Beantworten wünscht Ihnen HP Eva C. Schmid!
Das Rezept aus dem Auge
Authors: Kropf Petra
Published: July 2023

Eine gründliche Irisanalyse liefert wertvolle Hinweise und Hintergründe zu Konstitution, Disposition und Diathese der Patienten. Die Informationen aus dem Auge in Verbindung mit der aktuellen Symptomatik ermöglichen es, individuelle Präventions- und Therapiekonzepte zu erstellen. Die geschilderten Fallbeispiele aus der Praxis stellen den Weg vom Erkennen der Zeichen bis zur therapeutischen Umsetzung dar.
Die Krausenzone im Blick
Authors: Bastian Petra
Published: July 2023

Im Fokus steht der Magen-Darm-Trakt, der iridologisch in der Krausenzone lokalisiert ist. Zeichen wie Krypten, Pigmente, Stauungszeichen, Radiären etc. in der Magen-Darm-Zone können auf eine Tendenz zu entsprechenden Erkrankungen hinweisen. Anhand von 2 Fallbeispielen demonstriert die Autorin, welche Rolle der Magen-Darm-Trakt für multiple Beschwerden, aber auch die mentale Gesundheit von Patienten spielen kann.
Direct Organocatalytic Asymmetric para C–H Aminoalkylation of Aniline Derivatives Affording Diarylmethylamines
Authors: Wang Cheng-Long , Li Yong-Ling , Ding Tong-Mei , Sun Zhen-Liang , Wang Le , Wang Xun-Hui , Zhou Jia , Bai He-Yuan
Published: July 2023

An efficient method to directly catalyze asymmetric para C–H aminoalkylation of aniline derivatives to prepare chiral diarylmethylamine system was developed. Aniline derivatives underwent an enantioselective aminoalkylation in the presence of chiral phosphoric acid, affording a series of optically active diarylmethylamine products in good yields and enantioselectivities (73% yield, 91% ee). Furthermore, this method could be used to prepare the key intermediate of chiral drug levocetirizine.
Construction of an Epoxy-lactone Moiety on the C/D Ring of Highly Oxygenated Triterpenes through a Modified SeO2-Promoted Oxidative Cyclization
Authors: Chen Yang , Li Qiao-Yue , Wang Wen-Jing , Shao Li-Dong , Xie Xiao-Yan , Wang Wei , Li Dashan
Published: July 2023

We present herein a synthetic endeavor to prepare the epoxy-lactone moiety commonly present in the C/D ring of highly oxygenated triterpenes. Two strategies are applied starting from ursolic acid­: (i) Br+-promoted cyclization–isomerization for late-stage epoxidation, and (ii) one-step SeO2-promoted oxidative cyclization. Additionally, the desired epoxy-lactone moiety can be readily prepared on gram scale in one step by using the modified SeO2/TBHP/AcOH oxidative system.
Efficient Synthesis of Diethyl, Dialkyl α-Hydroxy-propylenebisphosphonates and Related 5-Phosphonoyl-1,2-oxaphospholane 2-Oxides
Authors: Keglevich György , Varga Petra Regina , Belovics Alexandra , Karaghiosoff Konstantin , Szabó Rita , Bősze Szilvia , Drahos László
Published: July 2023

A series of new dialkyl α-diethylphosphonoylethyl-α-hydroxy-ethylphosphonates were prepared using the Pudovik reaction of the corresponding γ-oxophosphonate with dialkyl phosphites performed on the surface of Al2O3/KF. The adducts revealed unexpected reactivity in the attempted O-acylation reaction, and provided the corresponding 5-phosphonoyl-1,2-oxaphospholane 2-oxides. On treatment with Cs2CO3, instead of the expected rearrangement a cyclization reaction leading to the same ring products took place. Three of the phosphonoylethyl-α hydroxy-ethylphosphonates, along with two phosphonoylmethyl analogues revealed significant and selective anticancer effect on A431 cells, and occasionally, on PC-3 and MDA-MB 231 cells.
Cyanation and Hydrolysis Cascade of Aryl Bromides with Cuprous Cyanide to Access Primary Amides
Authors: Xia Chunnian , Hong Bo , Chen Xiaolin , Dai Jiawei , Gao Feng , Wang Ning , Wang Junfeng , Xiao Xiao , Dai Fengli , Li Yifang
Published: July 2023

A convenient and efficient approach for the cyanation and hydrolysis of aryl bromides to afford primary amides was developed, in which cuprous cyanide is used as a cyanide source and a catalyst. It has the advantages of excellent functional-group compatibility, medium to high yields, a one-pot procedure, and a non-noble-metal catalyst. The reaction could be performed on a gram scale to give N-allyl-N-methyl-5-nitroisophthalamide in a 73% yield.
The brain-gut-microbiota axis in the treatment of neurologic and psychiatric disorders
Authors: Naufel Maria Fernanda , Truzzi Giselle de Martin , Ferreira Caroline Marcantonio , Coelho Fernando Morgadinho Santos
Published: July 2023

The human gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem made of trillions of microorganisms. The composition can be affected by diet, metabolism, age, geography, stress, seasons, temperature, sleep, and medications. The increasing evidence about the existence of a close and bi-directional correlation between the gut microbiota and the brain indicates that intestinal imbalance may play a vital role in the development, function, and disorders of the central nervous system. The mechanisms of interaction between the gut-microbiota on neuronal activity are widely discussed. Several potential pathways are involved with the brain-gut-microbiota axis, including the vagus nerve, endocrine, immune, and biochemical pathways. Gut dysbiosis has been linked to neurological disorders in different ways that involve activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, imbalance in neurotransmitter release, systemic inflammation, and increase in the permeability of the intestinal and the blood-brain barrier. Mental and neurological diseases have become more prevalent during the coronavirus disease 2019pandemic and are an essential issue in public health globally. Understanding the importance of diagnosing, preventing, and treating dysbiosis is critical because gut microbial imbalance is a significant risk factor for these disorders. This review summarizes evidence demonstrating the influence of gut dysbiosis on mental and neurological disorders.
COVID-19 in the nervous system: physiopathology and neurological manifestations
Authors: Mendonça Filho Valder Cavalcante Maia , de Oliveira Amanda Gomes , Maia Isabelle de Fátima Vieira Camelo , de Falcone Ananda Carolina Moraes , Betini Beatriz Gioppo , Rezende Lucas Bruno , Magri Alves Fernando Henrique
Published: July 2023

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although respiratory manifestations have received greater visibility during the pandemic caused by this virus, numerous neurological complaints related to coronavirus 2 infection have been documented in several countries. These records suggest that this pathogen presents neurotropism, and it can cause different neurological conditions of varying intensity.

Objective To investigate the ability of coronavirus 2 to invade the central nervous system (CNS) and its neurological clinical outcomes.

Methods The present study consists in a comprehensive literature review of the records available in the PubMed, SciELO, and Google Scholar databases. The descriptors COVID-19, brain and physiopathology, associated with the Boolean operator AND, were used in the search. Regarding the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected the papers published since 2020 with the highest number of citations.

Results We selected 41 articles, most of them in English. The main clinical manifestation associated with COVID-19 patients was headache, but cases of anosmia, hyposmia, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and encephalopathies were also described with considerable frequency.

Conclusion Coronavirus-2 presents neurotropism, and it can reach the CNS by hematogenous dissemination and by direct infection of the nerve endings. It causes brain injuries through several mechanisms, such as cytokine storm, microglial activation, and an increase in thrombotic factors.
Nasal Sill Flap for Lip Lifting
Authors: Uyar Ilker , Aksam Ersin , Kopal Can
Published: July 2023

Background Over the years, different techniques have been developed to reduce the number of incisions and scars in subnasal lip lifting and to increase the amount of lifting. The aim of this study was to present a new technique to hide the scars at the nasal base in subnasal lip lifting procedures and to review the literature.

Methods The file of patients who underwent subnasal lip lifting between January 2019 and January 2021 were examined. In all patients, the nasal sill flap that was designed was elevated, and the nasal sill flap that was prepared was adapted to its new location when the excision had been completed. Two different plastic surgeons evaluated the patients in the postoperative 12-month follow-ups. The scars were evaluated for vascularity, pigmentation, elasticity, thickness, and height.

Results The study included 26 patients. While 21 patients had no histories of lip lifting, five patients had had previous lip lifting history. The mean operation time was 37.11 minutes. Patients' skin types were determined as Type 3 in 18 patients and Type 4 in eight patients according to the Fitzpatrick classification. The mean follow-up period of the patients was 13.11 months. At the end of the 12-month period, the mean scar score of the patients was calculated as 11.15. The mean scar score of primary cases was 11.14, and the mean scar score of secondary cases was 11.20 (p = 0.983). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of complications among smokers (p = 0.356). The mean scar score was calculated as 12.17 in patients who had Type 3 skin and 8.88 in patients with Type 4 skin (p = 0.075).

Conclusions This technique is beneficial for patients because the scars are discrete and easier for patients to accept.
Evaluating the impact of junior doctors in quality improvement – a 10-year review
Authors: O’Leary Charlotte Anne , Piu Laura , Braitberg George
Published: July 2023

Objectives The importance of engaging junior doctors in quality improvement (QI) initiatives is well recognised. Junior doctors bring fresh perspectives and engage closely with patients, consumers, families and the healthcare team. They are well positioned to recognise inefficiencies in the system that may compromise safe, timely and effective care. To promote QI participation by our junior doctors our organisation created a specific role; the Improvement House Medical Officer (IHMO). The objective of this study is to describe and evaluate the IHMO rotation at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, a large tertiary hospital in Australia. Methods A mixed-methods study was performed that involved a survey of previous IHMOs since 2011, including a review of the major QI projects undertaken by IHMOs. Results Twenty-seven out of 40 IHMOs completed the survey. Doctors were attracted to the rotation to make an impact on the working conditions of junior doctors (selected by 20 respondents, 74%) and improve the quality of health care experienced by patients (18, 67%). Most respondents strongly agreed or agreed (22, 82%) that they used the skills gained in the rotation in their ongoing work. More than 40 QI projects have been led or co-led by IHMOs since 2011. Challenges of the role included the short timeframe of the rotation and the perceived slow pace of institutional change. Respondents found engaging other junior doctors with QI and understanding the hospital’s organisational structure to be barriers. Conclusions The full engagement of junior doctors in QI upholds a healthcare culture that celebrates innovation and promotes patient safety. The IHMO rotation offers an immersive, experiential and impactful way to do so.
From controversy to common ground
Authors: Litofcenko Julia , Vogler Andrea , Meyer Michael , Mehrwald Martin
Published: July 2023

Once a concept of the radical environmentalist movement, the term sustainability was incorporated into the hegemonic discourse. Prior research argues that this occurred through a process in which the original controversy between ecological and economic issues has evolved from an antagonist opposition to a broad concurrence. While this development has mainly been analysed qualitatively, we apply quantitative analysis of mass media in Austria between 1990 and 2020 to trace the changing use of the term. Applying methods of corpus linguistics, topic modelling, and dictionary based analysis, we find that the discourse has become less polarized over time, deploying increasingly positive language, and catering more and more towards the conservative parts of the population. Political actors’ presence declines significantly after 2000, and simultaneously, commercial and individual solutions are more widely discussed – everyone is responsible, and no one is to blame.
Pragmatic markers in English and Italian film dialogue
Authors: Galiano Liviana
Published: July 2023

Pragmatic markers are recognised to be a fundamental aspect of spoken language, in particular conversation, as
they allow the processing of information within a specific context by providing the addressee with cues on how to interpret
utterances. As far as audiovisual dialogue is concerned, pragmatic markers are considered as a hallmark of naturalness and orality
which is fundamental to ensure the audience’s immersion in the world represented on screen. Thanks to both distributional and
translation-oriented analysis of corpus data, the paper aims to compare the use of pragmatic markers in anglophone, dubbed Italian
and original Italian film dialogues as well as highlight the strategies employed in translating English pragmatic markers into
dubbed Italian.
Sentence splitting in Arabic to Spanish translation
Authors: Roldán Juan , Feria García Manuel
Published: July 2023

Modern Standard Arabic makes extensive use of coordination particles whereas punctuation marks are scarce and
erratic, leading to long clauses. This is generally assumed to hinder Sentence Boundary Detection and to promote sentence
splitting when translating from Arabic into English. Previous literature on translation from Arabic to Spanish is practically
inexistent. We have tested this hypothesis regarding translation from Arabic to Spanish on a sample of 282,714 graphic words
extracted from a bilingual corpus of 8,681,110 graphic words and found that each Arabic sentence yielded an average of 1.5 Spanish
sentences. Furthermore, our data shows the potential impact of directionality in that sentence splitting when translating from
Arabic into Spanish is 50% more frequent than from English into Arabic. We also determined statistically that five elements
(wa [و], ḥaythu [حيث], kamā [كما],
wa-qad [وقد], and wa-dhalika [وذلك]) are the most salient potential markers for sentence splitting in the resulting Spanish
translations. Our findings should be particularly interesting for Computational Linguistics and translator training.
Dissociation dynamics of ion-pair states accessed by low-energy electron collisions
Authors: Chakraborty Dipayan , Paul Anirban
Published: July 2023

Ion-pair (IP) states are the superexcited states of the neutral molecule that dissociate as a pair of positive and negative ions. These states are generally present near the ionization continuum of the molecule. IP states can be accessed by using photoexcitation or by using the electron collision technique. Different photoexcitation techniques are widely used over the years to study the threshold (threshold IP production spectroscopy) and the dynamics (IP imaging spectroscopy) of the IP states. However, the electron collision technique is ignored over the years and only a few studies are available. In this review, we will discuss different experimental techniques to probe IP states by using electron collision and also the dynamics of the IP states that are accessed by the electron collision.
Ferromagnetic transition-metal doped ɛ-phosphorene
Authors: Wang Zengyao , Wu Qingyun , Shen Lei
Published: July 2023

Various stable 2D phosphorus allotropes have been experimentally synthesized or theoretically predicted, such as puckered black α-, puckered blue β-, and buckled ɛ-phosphorene. Here, we present a systematic study of the magnetic properties of ɛ-phosphorene doped with 3d transition-metal (TM) atoms, as well as its gas-sensing capabilities, using first-principles and non-equilibrium Green’s function formalism. Our results show that 3d TM dopants strongly bind onto ɛ-phosphorene. Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Co-doped ɛ-phosphorene exhibit spin polarization with magnetic moments up to 6 µB, stemming from exchange and crystal-field splitting of the 3d orbital. Among them, V-doped ɛ-phosphorene exhibits the highest Curie temperature.
Surface structured light sensor with simultaneous color mapping
Authors: Yuan Leiwen , Kang Jiehu , Feng Luyuan , Zhang Zhen , Wu Bin
Published: July 2023

To obtain geometric information and color texture simultaneously, a surface structured light sensor consisting of a monochrome camera, a color camera, and a projector is proposed. The sensor uses a color camera to acquire surface color information while using it as a geometric measurement unit and matching with the monochrome camera to obtain geometric information. Due to the Bayer array and demosaicing algorithm of the color camera, pixel RGB components are always coupled with interference from other channels. However, existing color de-crosstalk in reconstruction is merely applied to the decoupling of color composite patterns, ignoring the intensity errors present in color fringe patterns under monochrome illumination. In our sensor, de-crosstalk of monochromatic patterns is considered to guarantee the reconstruction accuracy. The high-accuracy measurement of the sensor is validated by reconstructing standard steps, yielding a mean absolute error of 0.008 mm for distance measurements. In addition, the reconstruction experiment of a terracotta warrior verifies that the proposed sensor has potential application in the digital preservation of cultural relics.
Study on interfacial leakage characteristics of rubber sealing under temperature cycle conditions in PEM fuel cell
Authors: Xu Guoliang , Li Ming , Yu Xinli , Liu Yu , Fang Xing , Huang Xiaoming
Published: July 2023

The amount of leakage is the only direct indicator of the sealing performance of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). In this work, a predictive model is developed to quantitatively evaluate the variation of leakage for a PEMFC under temperature cycling conditions. The method first uses the Lattice-Boltzmann method to simulate the gas flow within the contact interfacial gap at various heights. Then the finite element method is used to analyze the local and macroscale contact state of the sealing interface and to clarify the effect of contact stresses on the interfacial gap height. Finally, the generalized Maxwell model, which considers time-temperature transfer and stiffness growth, is used to calculate the interfacial contact stresses under temperature cycling. The validity of the model was verified by comparison with experimental data from the available literature. Further analysis showed that reduced start-up temperature exacerbated the stress relaxation effect and decreased the service life of the seal material. When the start-up temperature is reduced from 25 °C to −20 °C, the model predicts that the service life of the PEMFC will be reduced by 100 temperature cycles or more. The leakage variation in a cycle was also discussed, and it was found that the leakage fluctuation became more and more significant as the number of cycles increased, weakening system reliability.
Energetic passing particle-driven instabilities and their impact on discharge evolution in KSTAR
Authors: Jhang Hogun , Kim Junghee , Kang Jisung , Kim Minho , Zhang L L , Fu G Y , Zonca Fulvio , Chen L , Chavdarovski I , Choi Minjun J , Falessi M V , Lee S , Qiu Z Y
Published: July 2023

An experimental study is conducted on the onset and evolution characteristics of energetic particle-driven instabilities in Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) with dominant tangential neutral beam injection (NBI). A scan of NBI beam energy shows the evanescence of the sawtooth crash and the concomitant onset of the strong passing particle-driven low-frequency fishbone instability. A quantitative analysis shows that the safety factor (q)-profile in the core region is clamped by a balance between the depletion of energetic passing particles by the fishbone instability and their external replenishment. Two synchronized chirping modes with distinct toroidal mode numbers (n = 1 and n = 5) supersede the fishbone instability after a self-organized q-profile is attained. An analysis shows that the n = 1 mode is likely to be a high-frequency beta-induced Alfvén eigenmode fishbone branch, while the n = 5 mode is an energetic particle mode (EPM). A dynamic system analysis of the synchronized EPM (S-EPM) shows that a stable S-EPM cycle can exist when the coupling between the two modes involved is insignificant. The potential impact of such EPMs on the establishment of a burning plasma scenario with a flat core q-profile is briefly discussed.
Prospects for the detection rate of very-high-energy γ-ray emissions from short γ-ray bursts with the HADAR experiment*
Authors: Chen Qi-Ling , Hu Pei-Jin , Su Jing-Jing , Kang Ming-Ming , Guo Yi-Qing , Chen Tian-Lu , Luo-Bu Dan-Zeng , Fan Yu-fan , Feng You-Liang , Gao Qi , Gou Quan-Bu , Hu Hong-Bo , Li Hai-Jin , Liu Cheng , Liu Mao-Yuan , Liu Wei , Qian Xiang-Li , Qiao Bing-Qiang , Sun Hui-Ying , Wang Xu , Wang Zhen , Xin Guang-Guang , Yao Yu-Hua , Yuan Qiang , Zhang Yi , Zhao Bing
Published: July 2023

The observation of short gamma ray bursts (SGRBs) in the TeV energy range plays an important role in understanding the radiation mechanism and probing potential new physics, such as Lorentz invariance violation (LIV). However, no SGRBs have been observed in this energy range owing to the short duration of SGRBs and the weakness of current experiments. New experiments with new technology are required to detect the very high energy (VHE) emission of SGRBs. In this study, we simulate the VHE γ-ray emissions from SGRBs and calculate the annual detection rate with the High Altitude Detection of Astronomical Radiation (HADAR) experiment. First, a set of pseudo-SGRB samples is generated and checked using the observations of the Fermi-GBM, Fermi-LAT, and Swift-BAT measurements. The annual detection rate is calculated from these SGRB samples based on the performance of the HADAR instrument. As a result, the HADAR experiment can detect 0.5 SGRBs per year if the spectral break-off of γ-rays caused by the internal absorption and Klein-Nishina (KN) effect is larger than 100 GeV. For a GRB090510-like GRB in HADAR's view, it should be possible to detect approximately 2000 photons considering the internal absorption and KN effect. With a time delay assumption due to LIV effects, a simulated light curve of GRB090510 has evident energy dependence. We hope that the HADAR experiment can perform SGRB observations and test our calculations in the future.
Research on the Controller of Photovoltaic Power Generation Based on Single Chip Microcomputer
Authors: Zhao Lina , Liu Chang , Li Huixiu
Published: July 2023

As a new power generation system, more and more attention has been paid to photovoltaics (PV). In this paper, the AT89C52 chip is designed as the main controller for the safety and high efficiency of the PV power generation controller. After the input voltage of the solar panel reaches the limit, the voltage is adjusted by a step-up transformer and a li-ion battery management chip. And the li-ion battery is charged by the operation of voltage stabilization and anti-reverse charging. Finally, the correctness and reliability of the design are verified through system simulation.
A Frequency Detection Circuit for Constant ON-Time LED Driver Chip
Authors: Zhao Shiheng , Lin Shijie
Published: July 2023

To meet the high-reliability requirements of switch mode power supply LED driver chips with constant on-time architecture, a detection mechanism circuit that can detect the switching frequency of the architecture is proposed. The detection circuit completes the conversion from switching frequency to output voltage through separate voltage tracing technology. The detection circuit uses the method of frequency error calculation to eliminate the interference of frequency jump on detection. The design is based on a 180 nm process simulation. The simulation results show that the detection mechanism has good linearity for frequency measurement and can eliminate the interference of frequency jump.