bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nudibranch predation boosts sponge silicon cycling
Authors: López-Acosta María , Potel Clémence , Gallinari Morgane , Pérez Fiz F. , Leynaert Aude
Published: January 2023

Diatoms play a key role in the marine silica cycle, but recent studies have shown that sponges can also have an important effect on this dynamic. They accumulate large stocks of biogenic silica within their bodies over long periods, which are thought to vary little on an intra-annual scale. The observation of an abrupt decline in sponge biomass in parallel with large increases in abundance of a spongivorous nudibranch (Doris verrucosa) led us to conduct a year-long study on the effect of nudibranch predation on the silicon budget of a sponge (Hymeniacidon perlevis) population. After 5 months of predation, the abundance of sponge individuals did not change but their biomass decreased by 95%, of which 48% was explained by nudibranch predation. About 97% of sponge spicules ingested by nudibranchs while feeding was excreted, most of them unbroken, implying a high rate of sponge silica deposition in the surrounding sediments. After predation, sponges partially recovered their biomass stocks within 7 months. This involved a rapid growth rate and large assimilation of dissolved silicon. Surprisingly, the highest rates of silicon absorption occurred when dissolved silicon concentration in seawater was minimal (< 1.5 µM). These findings suggest that the annual sponge predation-recovery cycle triggers unprecedented intra-annual changes in sponge silicon stocks and boosts the cycling of this nutrient. They also highlight the need for intra-annual data collection to understand the dynamics and resilience of sponge ecosystem functioning.
Prediction of pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant systemic therapy in triple negative breast cancer using deep learning on multiparametric MRI
Authors: Zhou Zijian , Adrada Beatriz E. , Candelaria Rosalind P. , Elshafeey Nabil A. , Boge Medine , Mohamed Rania M. , Pashapoor Sanaz , Sun Jia , Xu Zhan , Panthi Bikash , Son Jong Bum , Guirguis Mary S. , Patel Miral M. , Whitman Gary J. , Moseley Tanya W. , Scoggins Marion E. , White Jason B. , Litton Jennifer K. , Valero Vicente , Hunt Kelly K. , Tripathy Debu , Yang Wei , Wei Peng , Yam Clinton , Pagel Mark D. , Rauch Gaiane M. , Ma Jingfei
Published: January 2023

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer. Neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NAST) followed by surgery are currently standard of care for TNBC with 50-60% of patients achieving pathologic complete response (pCR). We investigated ability of deep learning (DL) on dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI and diffusion weighted imaging acquired early during NAST to predict TNBC patients’ pCR status in the breast. During the development phase using the images of 130 TNBC patients, the DL model achieved areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) of 0.97 ± 0.04 and 0.82 ± 0.10 for the training and the validation, respectively. The model achieved an AUC of 0.86 ± 0.03 when evaluated in the independent testing group of 32 patients. In an additional prospective blinded testing group of 48 patients, the model achieved an AUC of 0.83 ± 0.02. These results demonstrated that DL based on multiparametric MRI can potentially differentiate TNBC patients with pCR or non-pCR in the breast early during NAST.
Sedentary behaviour and sleep quality
Authors: Koohsari Mohammad Javad , Yasunaga Akitomo , McCormack Gavin R. , Shibata Ai , Ishii Kaori , Liao Yung , Nagai Yukari , Oka Koichiro
Published: January 2023

High-quality sleep is an important factor in sustaining health and improving well-being. Previous evidence has demonstrated the positive associations between increased physical activity and reduced sedentary behaviour (SB) with sleep quality. The substitutional relationships between SB, light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) need to be considered when examining how a particular behaviour may impact sleep quality. No studies, to our knowledge, have explored these substitutional relationships in middle-aged adulthood. Using an isotemporal substitution approach, this study examined the associations of replacing sedentary time with physical activity on sleep quality measures in a sample of middle-aged adults in Japan. Data from 683 adults aged 40–64 living in Japan were used. The average daily time spent in SB, LPA, and MVPA was objectively assessed by accelerometers. Two self-reported sleep quality measures were obtained using questionnaires, including rest by sleep and sleep quality. Multivariable linear regression models were used to assess the associations of SB, LPA, and MVPA with the sleep quality measures stratified by gender. We found that each 60 min unit of SB or LPA replaced with MVPA was favourably associated with rest by sleep among women (β = 0.16, 95% CI 0.07, 0.28, p < 0.001; β = 0.18, 95% CI 0.07, 0.32, p < 0.05, respectively). There were no significant associations between SB, LPA, and MVPA with sleep measures in men across all three models. These findings indicate that higher MVPA has a positive association with sleep quality in middle-aged women.
A high-throughput sequencing survey characterizing European foulbrood disease and Varroosis in honey bees
Authors: Anderson Kirk E. , Copeland Duan C. , Erickson Robert J. , Floyd Amy S. , Maes Patrick C. , Mott Brendon M.
Published: January 2023

As essential pollinators of ecosystems and agriculture, honey bees (Apis mellifera) are host to a variety of pathogens that result in colony loss. Two highly prevalent larval diseases are European foulbrood (EFB) attributed to the bacterium Melissococcus plutonius, and Varroosis wherein larvae can be afflicted by one or more paralytic viruses. Here we used high-throughput sequencing and qPCR to detail microbial succession of larval development from six diseased, and one disease-free apiary. The disease-free larval microbiome revealed a variety of disease-associated bacteria in early larval instars, but later developmental stages were dominated by beneficial symbionts. Microbial succession associated with EFB pathology differed by apiary, characterized by associations with various gram-positive bacteria. At one apiary, diseased larvae were uniquely described as “melting and deflated”, symptoms associated with Varroosis. We found that Acute Bee Paralysis Virus (ABPV) levels were significantly associated with these symptoms, and various gram-negative bacteria became opportunistic in the guts of ABPV afflicted larvae. Perhaps contributing to disease progression, the ABPV associated microbiome was significantly depleted of gram-positive bacteria, a likely result of recent antibiotic application. Our results contribute to the understanding of brood disease diagnosis and treatment, a growing problem for beekeeping and agriculture worldwide.
Strong peak immunogenicity but rapid antibody waning following third vaccine dose in older residents of care homes
Authors: Tut Gokhan , Lancaster Tara , Krutikov Maria , Sylla Panagiota , Bone David , Spalkova Eliska , Bentley Christopher , Amin Umayr , Jadir Azar , Hulme Samuel , Kaur Nayandeep , Tut Elif , Bruton Rachel , Wu Mary Y. , Harvey Ruth , Carr Edward J. ,   Crick COVID Immunity Pipeline, Clayton Bobbi , Namjou Sina , Silva Vanessa , Poulten Meghan , Bawumia Philip , Miah Murad , Sade Samuel , Miranda Mauro , Taylor Tom , D’Angelo Ilenia , Jarana Mercedes Cabrera , Rahman Mahbubur , Abreu Janet , Sandhar Sandeep , Bailey Neil , Caidan Simon , Caulfield Marie , Wu Mary , Harvey Ruth , Adams Lorin , Kavanagh Caitlin , Warchal Scott , Sawyer Chelsea , Gavrielides Mike , Kandasamy Jag , Ambrose Karen , Strange Amy , Abiola Titilayo , O’Reilly Nicola , Hobson Philip , Agau-Doce Ana , Russell Emma , Riddell Andrew , Kjaer Svend , Borg Annabel , Roustan Chloë , Queval Christophe , Ulferts Rachel , Swanton Charles , Gandhi Sonia , Gamblin Steve , Beale Rupert , Stirrup Oliver , Shrotri Madhumita , Azmi Borscha , Fuller Christopher , Baynton Verity , Irwin-Singer Aidan , Hayward Andrew , Copas Andrew , Shallcross Laura , Moss Paul
Published: January 2023

Third-dose coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines are being deployed widely but their efficacy has not been assessed adequately in vulnerable older people who exhibit suboptimal responses after primary vaccination series. This observational study, which was carried out by the VIVALDI study based in England, looked at spike-specific immune responses in 341 staff and residents in long-term care facilities who received an mRNA vaccine following dual primary series vaccination with BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1. Third-dose vaccination strongly increased antibody responses with preferential relative enhancement in older people and was required to elicit neutralization of Omicron. Cellular immune responses were also enhanced with strong cross-reactive recognition of Omicron. However, antibody titers fell 21–78% within 100 d after vaccine and 27% of participants developed a breakthrough Omicron infection. These findings reveal strong immunogenicity of a third vaccine in one of the most vulnerable population groups and endorse an approach for widespread delivery across this population. Ongoing assessment will be required to determine the stability of immune protection.
Starvation-assisted and photothermal-thriving combined chemo/chemodynamic cancer therapy with PT/MR bimodal imaging
Authors: Zhu Bengao , Zhang Mengmeng , Chen Qiang , Li Zeke , Chen Senbin , Zhu Jintao
Published: January 2023

A multifunctional cascade bioreactor (MMGT) based on MnFe-LDH is constructed, such nanoplatform can not only activate CDT/Starvation therapy/Chemotherapy/PTT combined therapy, but also realize MR and photothermal (PT) dual-modality imaging.
Ab initio study of changing the oxygen reduction activity of Co–Fe-based perovskites by tuning the B-site composition
Authors: Ibrahim Ismail A. M. , Chung Chan-Yeup
Published: January 2023

The activity of La0.5Sr0.5CoxFe1−xO3 perovskites for oxygen reduction reaction is presented as a function of the Co/Fe composition using ab initio calculations. The inclusion of Co at the B-site of these perovskites enhances the activity.
Far-field thermal properties of β12 borophene under an external electric field
Authors: Xie Wen-Wu , Qian Wen-Ri , Zhang Yong-Mei
Published: January 2023

Radiation energy increases with temperature according to an approximately T4 law. As voltage increases, the energy radiation decreases and deviates slightly from this law, revealing tunable emissivity by adjusting the electric field.
Controllable synthesis of MOFs-derived porous and tubular bimetallic Fe–Ni phosphides for efficient electrocatalytic water splitting
Authors: Li Shumin , Wang Jingyun , Lv Xiaoyu , Zheng Song , Wang Jin , Li Zhengquan
Published: January 2023

Morphology- and component-adjustable Fe/Ni bimetallic phosphides are synthesized by MOFs-derived route for electrocatalytic water splitting.
The protective effect of zinc, selenium, and chromium on myocardial fibrosis in the offspring of rats with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Deng Haichao , Yao Xueqiong , Cui Ningning , Huang Shanshan , Ge Yanyan , Liu Rui , Yang Xuefeng
Published: January 2023

Myocardial fibrosis in offspring with hyperglycemia is confirmed first; supplementation with zinc, selenium, and chromium to GDM mothers suppresses these changes in offspring.
Simultaneous synthesis and integration of nanoscale silicon by three-photon laser direct writing
Authors: Li Kai , Luo Zhijun , Jiao Heng , Gan Zongsong
Published: January 2023

Nanoscale silicon architectures can be simultaneously synthesized and integrated by a laser method. Due to extreme environments of the focusing laser spot, silicon quantum dots were instantaneously synthesized to assemble nano-architectures.
Phototransformations of TiO2/Ag2O composites and their influence on photocatalytic water splitting accompanied by methanol photoreforming
Authors: Jakimińska Anna , Spilarewicz Kaja , Macyk Wojciech
Published: January 2023

Ag2O does not create an effective p–n junction with TiO2 but is phototransformed into silver nanoparticles during the photocatalytic process. The resulting nanoparticles increase the photoactivity of the system in hydrogen evolution.
Two-step synthesis of a-NiCu(OH)2CO3/Na3NiCuCO3PO4: a battery-type electrode for pseudocapacitor applications
Authors: B. S. Nishchith , Kalegowda Yogesh , S. Ashoka , Sriram Ganesan , Kurkuri Mahaveer D. , Channegowda Manjunatha
Published: January 2023

Here, we report two-step synthesis of amorphous nickel–copper carbonate hydroxide on nickel–copper carbonophosphate (a-NiCu(OH)2CO3/Na3NiCuCO3PO4) using the alkaline (1 M KOH) etching of hydrothermally prepared Na3NiCuCO3PO4at room temperature.
Nitrogen- and sulfur-doped graphene quantum dots for chemiluminescence
Authors: Qin Xiaoli , Zhan Ziying , Zhang Ruizhong , Chu Kenneth , Whitworth Zackry , Ding Zhifeng
Published: January 2023

Chemiluminescence (CL) of NS-GQDs in the presence of CPPO and H2O2was discovered to be a concerted process of intrinsic structure, AIE and surface state emissions by means of spooling CL spectroscopy and absolute CL efficiency measurements.
Crosslinking of poly(n-butyl acrylate)-POSS copolymers via dynamic urea exchange enables self-healing, reprocessing and shape recovery
Authors: Wang Huaming , Hang Guohua , Mei Honggang , Li Lei , Zheng Sixun
Published: January 2023

In this contribution, we reported a novel approach to crosslink linear poly(n-butyl acrylate)-POSS copolymers via a dynamic urea exchange reaction.
Magnetic and relaxation properties of vanadium(iv) complexes: an integrated 1H relaxometric, EPR and computational study
Authors: Lagostina Valeria , Carniato Fabio , Esteban-Gómez David , Platas-Iglesias Carlos , Chiesa Mario , Botta Mauro
Published: January 2023

The combination of two complementary magnetic resonance techniques, integrated by computational procedures, allows detailed solution characterization of vanadium(iv) complexes.
A systematic investigation of the NMR relaxation properties of Fe(iii)-EDTA derivatives and their potential as MRI contrast agents
Authors: Uzal-Varela Rocío , Lucio-Martínez Fátima , Nucera Alessandro , Botta Mauro , Esteban-Gómez David , Valencia Laura , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Aurora , Platas-Iglesias Carlos
Published: January 2023

We assess the potential of Fe(iii) complexes with H4EDTA derivatives containing different spacers as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents.
Recent developments on 1,2-difunctionalization and hydrofunctionalization of unactivated alkenes and alkynes involving C–S bond formation
Authors: Dong Bo , Shen Jian , Xie Lan-Gui
Published: January 2023

Functionalization of alkenes/alkynes is a highly effective route to achieve molecular complexity. This review summarizes recent progresses on the 1,2-difunctionalization/hydrofunctionalization of unactivated alkenes/alkynes with C−S bond formation.
Ultrafast degradation of SMX and TC by CoSiOx activated peroxymonosulfate: efficiency and mechanism
Authors: Liu Xiaowei , Chen Chen , Chen Peng , Wang Lili
Published: January 2023

Highly efficient degradation of aqueous antibiotics is realized by successful synthesis of a novel cobalt-based persulfate activator and which factors will influence the degradation efficiency as well as the involved mechanism is explored.
Experimental evidence for CH⋯π interaction-mediated stabilization of the square form in phenylglycine-incorporated ascidiacyclamide
Authors: Asano Akiko , Minoura Katsuhiko , Yamada Takeshi , Doi Mitsunobu
Published: January 2023

The thermodynamic parameters through NMR-based quantitation provided evidence for the CH⋯π interaction in phenyl group-incorporated ascidiacyclamide. Stabilization of the square form by CH⋯π interaction resulted in increased cytotoxicity.
The role of a redox-active non-innocent ligand in additive-free C–C Glaser–Hay and Suzuki coupling reactions by an o-aminophenol palladium(ii) complex
Authors: Pakpour Fatemeh , Safaei Elham , Azami S. Mohammad , Wojtczak Andrzej , Kaldunska Karolina
Published: January 2023

A palladium complex of non-innocent ligand a was synthesized, and characterized by IR, UV-Vis, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopies and elemental analysis.
Sulfur(iv) reagents for the SuFEx-based synthesis of substituted sulfamate esters
Authors: Downey Kathleen T. , Mo Jia Yi , Lai Joey , Thomson Brodie J. , Sammis Glenn M.
Published: January 2023

N-Methylimidazolium sulfinyl fluoride hexafluorophosphate (MISF) was developed as a solution-stable sulfur(iv) reagent to access substituted sulfamate esters using a sulfur(iv) fluoride exchange strategy.
Coupling of α-bromoamides and unactivated alkenes to form γ-lactams through EDA and photocatalysis
Authors: Treacy Sean M. , Vaz Daniel R. , Noman Syed , Tard Cédric , Rovis Tomislav
Published: January 2023

γ-Lactams are privileged heterocycles on route to the synthesis of pharmaceuticals. Herein, we demonstrate the facile synthesis of variously substituted γ-lactams utilizing electron donor–acceptor (EDA) complexes of amines and α-Br-amides.
Enantioselective aromatic Claisen rearrangement of allyl 2-naphthyl ethers catalyzed by π–Cu(ii) complexes
Authors: Yao Lu , Takeda Kazuki , Ando Kaori , Ishihara Kazuaki
Published: January 2023

The first catalytic enantioselective aromatic Claisen rearrangement of allyl 2-naphthyl ethers using 5–10 mol% of π–copper(ii) complexes is reported.
A critical review on layered double hydroxide (LDH)-derived functional nanomaterials as potential and sustainable photocatalysts
Authors: Mohanty Upali Aparajita , Sahoo Dipti Prava , Paramanik Lekha , Parida Kulamani
Published: January 2023

LDH derived heterostructure towards different photocatalytic application.
Optimization of tannin-derived hard carbon spheres for high-performance sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Beda Adrian , Rabuel François , Rahmouni Omar , Morcrette Mathieu , Matei Ghimbeu Camélia
Published: January 2023

Eco-friendly and low-cost polyphenol precursors were used to obtain hard carbon spheres with tuned properties (particle size, structure, and porosity). Optimized materials exhibit high Coulombic efficiency and specific capacity in Na-ion batteries.
Identification of catalytic activity descriptors for selective 5-hydroxymethyl furfural electrooxidation to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid
Authors: Lie William Hadinata , Yang Yuwei , Yuwono Jodie A. , Tsounis Constantine , Zubair Muhammad , Wright Joshua , Thomsen Lars , Kumar Priyank , Bedford Nicholas
Published: January 2023

Relationship between d-metal active species (Co, Ni, & Cu) in Prussian blue analogue derived metal oxide/hydroxide films and the activation energy needed for full conversion of 5-HMF to 2,5-FDCA in alkaline solution.
Immobilizing and boosting lithium polyselenide conversionviaa WSe2/WO2heterostructure engineering strategy for lithium–selenium batteries
Authors: Pei Shuqian , Shao Jiali , Wang Dandan , Zhou Zhenfang , Zhang Zhonghua , Mao Changming , Liu Jing , Li Zhenjiang , Li Guicun
Published: January 2023

A nanosheet on nanorod WSe2/WO2heterostructure was as a proof of concept applied to immobilize and catalyze the soluble lithium polyselenides species.
Unsaturated phospholipid modified FeOCl nanosheets for enhancing tumor ferroptosis
Authors: He Zi , Guo Yijun , Chen Jinzhu , Luo Huiling , Liu Xinxin , Zhang Xiuming , Sun Yanan , Ge Dongtao , Ye Shefang , Shi Wei
Published: January 2023

The unsaturated phospholipid and polyacrylic acid functionalized FeOCl nanosheets achieved the amplification of lipid peroxides, and enhanced tumor ferroptosis.
Development of “smart” drug delivery systems for chemo/PDT synergistic treatment
Authors: Yu Miaomiao , Cao Ran , Ma Zhiyuan , Zhu Meifang
Published: January 2023

The “smart” drug delivery system of chemo/PDT synergistic treatment is of great interest. This review highlights the synergistic strategies and treatment protocols of chemo/PDT co-therapy in recent years to explore its scope and limitations.
Anti-interference monitoring of sweat pH: a new sensing mechanism based on the p–n transition potential of a flexible Bi2O3photoelectrode
Authors: Dong Boheng , Zhang Xinya , Cao Lingfeng , Jiang Xiang , Wang Fuxian
Published: January 2023

p–n transition potential (Vp–n) as a new signal for photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors.Vp–nbased flexible wearable PEC pH sensor shows strong anti-interference ability. A benchmark signal-to-noise ratio of 106was achieved during practical exercise.
Recent advances in single crystal narrow band-gap semiconductor nanomembranes and their flexible optoelectronic device applications: Ge, GeSn, InGaAs, and 2D materials
Authors: An Shu , Park HyunJung , Kim Munho
Published: January 2023

Flexible optoelectronics have attracted much attention in recent years for their potential applications in healthcare and wearable devices.
Viewpoint Telepractice 2025: Exploring Telepractice Service Delivery During COVID-19 and Beyond
Authors: Edwards-Gaither Lesley , Harris Ovetta , Perry Valencia
Published: January 2023

Purpose:

The purpose of this article is to outline the challenges and opportunities faced by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) providing telepractice services as the profession approaches the 100th anniversary of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association in 2025. As this anniversary approaches, SLPs nationwide will reflect on the profession's past, present, and future. Undoubtedly, issues concerning the COVID-19 pandemic and the use of telepractice technology during this time will be analyzed. This article will outline several challenges for the profession and clinicians to consider for the longevity of telepractice service delivery, including (a) consensus on eHelper/facilitator terminology, (b) designating a telepractice service delivery model, (c) exploring telepractice occupational culture, and (d) pursuing future directions (e.g., ethnographic applications and cultural-linguistic diversity).

Conclusions:

Although telepractice service delivery has existed for less than a century, there is evidence of rapid progress. Meeting the challenges ahead for SLPs using telepractice may have a lasting impact on clinical implications in the field of speech-language pathology in 2025 and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.
A natural commutation current topology of hybrid HVDC circuit breaker integrated with limiting fault current
Authors: Zhang Xiong , Zhuo Chaoran , Yang Xu
Published: January 2023

The high‐voltage direct current (HVDC) power transmission short‐circuit fault protection is a big challenge, and it is the main obstacle to promote the HVDC multi‐terminal networks. A natural commutation current topology (NCCT) of hybrid HVDC circuit breaker (DCCB) integrated with limiting fault current is proposed in this paper, which shares several obvious merits, such as lower peak fault current, shorter fault isolation time and low turn‐off loss. The main contributions in this paper are made as follows. (1). A second‐order RLC circuit in novel NCCT circuit breaker is utilized as the current limiting circuit to dramatically reduce the fault current rising slope and its peak value. (2) A asynchronous NCCT circuit breaker has been investigated to broaden the proposed NCCT circuit breaker's optimal working area. (3) By taking China Zhangbei 500 kV four‐terminal DC grid as an example, an optimization design technique of the asynchronous NCCT‐DCCB is developed to demonstrate the process of the theoretical analysis and parameter design. The correctness of the proposed NCCT‐DCCB and the feasibility of the optimization design technique are confirmed by EMT simulation on PSCAD/EMTDC and hardware‐in‐loop experiment on PLECS‐RtBox.
Testing synchrotron models and frequency resolution in BINGO 21 cm simulated maps using GNILC
Authors: de Mericia Eduardo J. , Santos Larissa C. O. , Wuensche Carlos Alexandre , Liccardo Vincenzo , Novaes Camila P. , Delabrouille Jacques , Remazeilles Mathieu , Abdalla Filipe B. , Feng Chang , Barosi Luciano , Queiroz Amilcar , Villela Thyrso , Wang Bin , Zhang Jiajun , Marins Alessandro , Costa Andre A. , Ferreira Elisa G. M. , Landim Ricardo G. , dos Santos Marcelo V.
Published: January 2023

Context. The 21 cm hydrogen line is arguably one of the most powerful probes with which to explore the Universe, from recombination to the present times. To recover it, it is essential to separate the cosmological signal from the much stronger foreground contributions at radio frequencies. The Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from Integrated Neutral Gas Observations (BINGO) radio telescope is designed to measure the 21 cm line and detect baryon acoustic oscillations (BAOs) using the intensity mapping (IM) technique.

Aims. This work analyses the performance of the Generalized Needlet Internal Linear Combination (GNILC) method when combined with a power spectrum debiasing procedure. This method was applied to a simulated BINGO mission, building upon previous work from the collaboration. It compares two different synchrotron emission models and different instrumental configurations and takes into account ancillary data in order to optimize both the removal of foreground emission and the recovery of the 21 cm signal across the full BINGO frequency band and to determine an optimal number of frequency (redshift) bands for the signal recovery.

Methods. We produced foreground emission maps using the Planck Sky Model (PSM) and generated cosmological HI emission maps using the Full-Sky Log-normal Astro-Fields simulation Kit (FLASK) package. We also created thermal noise maps according to the instrumental setup. We apply the GNILC method to the simulated sky maps to separate the HI plus thermal noise contribution and, through a debiasing procedure, recover an estimate of the noiseless 21 cm power spectrum.

Results. We find a near-optimal reconstruction of the HI signal using an 80-bin configuration, which resulted in a power-spectrum reconstruction average error over all frequencies of 3%. Furthermore, our tests show that GNILC is robust against different synchrotron emission models. Finally, adding an extra channel with C-Band All-Sky Survey (CBASS) foregrounds information, we reduced the estimation error of the 21 cm signal.

Conclusions. The optimization of our previous work, producing a configuration with an optimal number of channels for binning the data, significantly impacts decisions regarding BINGO hardware configuration before commissioning. We were able to recover the HI signal with good efficiency in the harmonic space, but have yet to investigate the effect of 1/f noise in the data, which will possibly impact the recovery of the HI signal. This issue will be addressed in forthcoming work.
Simuler le verre
Authors: Le Losq Charles , Micoulaut Matthieu
Published: January 2023

Simuler les propriétés des verres et fontes vitreuses est un besoin fondamental pour résoudre différents problèmes scientifiques et industriels, mais aussi pour mieux décrire le phénomène de la transition vitreuse dont la compréhension complète nous échappe.

Parmi les méthodes de prédiction des propriétés des matériaux, les simulations par dynamique moléculaire (classique ou ab initio) apportent une masse de connaissances importantes et permettent de mieux comprendre la formation et les propriétés des verres. L’apprentissage machine permet maintenant d’épauler ces simulations et aussi de valoriser de nombreuses mesures expérimentales existantes. Il offre ainsi de nouveaux horizons pour la compréhension et l’utilisation du verre dans de multiples domaines, de l’industrie à la volcanologie.
Tips and tricks for computing phase diagrams
Authors: Lim Alane
Published: January 2023

Phase diagrams are essential for understanding material properties, but computing them is not easy.
Low temperature deposition of vanadium dioxide on III–V semiconductors and integration on mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers
Authors: Boulley Laurent , Maroutian Thomas , Goulain Paul , Babichev Andrey , Egorov Anton , Li Lianhe , Linfield Edmund , Colombelli Raffaele , Bousseksou Adel
Published: January 2023

We demonstrate low temperature deposition conditions for vanadium dioxide (VO2) phase change material by pulsed laser deposition, which are compatible with III–V semiconductors heterostructures typically used in optoelectronic applications. The characterizations of the VO2 coated thin films grown on GaAs show a 50% change in optical reflectivity in the mid-infrared range and a variation of electric conductivity of two orders of magnitude between the insulating (low temperature) and the metallic (high temperature) states. The transition temperature is estimated around 68 °C (341 K). We also study the functionalization of mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) (operating at wavelengths λ ∼ 7–8  μm) with VO2 layers, in view of engineering the laser emission properties with an integrated VO2 layer. We demonstrate QCLs that integrate a VO2 layer on the surface that interacts with the guided laser mode. A maximum operating temperature of 61 °C (334 K) has been measured.
A computational framework for modeling thermoelastic behavior of cubic crystals
Authors: Chen Hailong , Liu Di , Liu Donglai
Published: January 2023

In this paper, novel nonlocal reformulations of the conventional continuum-based models for modeling the thermoelastic behavior of cubic crystals based on a recently developed lattice particle method are presented. Like molecular dynamics simulation, the lattice particle method decomposes the grain domain into discrete material particles that are regularly packed according to the underlying atomic lattice. Nonlocal interactions are introduced between material particles and top-down approaches are used to relate model parameters to the material physical constants. Three equivalency assumptions are used in the top-down approach, namely, energy equivalency for the mechanical model, heat transfer rate equivalency for the thermal model, and thermal strain equivalency for the thermal-mechanical coupling model. Different from coordinates transformation used in the conventional continuum-based models, lattice rotation is adopted in the lattice particle method to equivalently represent the material anisotropy while explicitly capturing the crystallographic orientation. Two most common Bravais cubic lattices are studied, i.e., the body-centered cubic lattice and the face-center cubic lattice. The validity and prediction accuracy of the developed models are established by comparing the predicted displacements and temperature results with solutions of conventional continuum theories using the finite element method.
Large-eddy simulation of gas-particle two-phase jet into a supersonic crossflow
Authors: Zhao Kangchun , Xia Zhixun , Ma Likun , Duan Yifan , Zhang Jiarui , Feng Yunchao , Cheng Binbin , Yang Pengnian
Published: January 2023

Large eddy simulation is used to study the gas-particle two-phase transverse jet in supersonic flow. In this paper, the Eulerian method is used to simulate the fluid, and the Lagrangian method is used to simulate the particles. The numerical study is carried out for different particle mass fractions and Stokes numbers with the jet-crossflow momentum flux ratio and the Mach number of crossflow being kept constant. It is found that the larger particles (St = 5) are mainly located above the counter-rotating vortex pair, and the smaller particles (St = 0.9) are mainly located in the counter-rotating vortex pair. Due to the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability, several characteristic phenomena have been observed, including particle trailing and the wave structure constructed of the particle cloud, and the particles also make the Mach disk lower.
Turbulence amplification in the shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction over compression ramp by the flux reconstruction method
Authors: Shi Jingchang , Yan Hong
Published: January 2023

Wall-resolved large eddy simulation on a supersonic turbulent boundary layer over a 24° compression ramp is performed under the framework of high order discontinuous methods for a free-stream Mach number M∞=2.9 and Reynolds number Re∞=5.966×106. The turbulent flow is resolved by the high order flux reconstruction method, and the shock is captured by a high-resolution, but stable weighted essentially non-oscillation limiter. The solver used in this paper is validated by the double Mach reflection case and the Taylor–Green vortex case. The results of shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction at the ramp corner are validated by the numerical simulations and the experimental data in the literature. The analysis of the physics behind the turbulence amplification at around the ramp corner is presented. The shear effects and the flow deceleration/acceleration are the main reasons of the turbulence amplification.
Downstream flow field structure in voice prosthesis and its effect on sound generation around the esophageal wall
Authors: Kosako Seiya , Hiramatsu Mariko , Fujimoto Yasushi , Tsuji Yoshiyuki
Published: January 2023

This study investigates the effects of downstream flow in the voice prosthesis (Provox® Vega) on the esophageal wall during shunt vocalization to identify the dominant factors influencing the sound generated in the esophagus (the original sound in shunt vocalization). The trachea and esophagus were simulated to measure flow in the esophageal section through the voice prosthesis by using particle image velocimetry, and pressure distribution in the esophageal section was calculated by solving Poisson's equation. Downstream flow in the voice prosthesis fluctuated over time due to oscillations of the valve. This flow impinged on the esophageal wall and created a strong shear region that fluctuated over time to give rise to fluctuations in pressure at the same frequency as that of oscillations of the valve on the esophageal wall near the point of impingement. The sound pressure, estimated by using the measured velocity field based on the Ffowcs Williams–Hawkings equation, was compared with the sound pressure measured by a microphone. The results showed that temporal variations in pressure downstream of the voice prosthesis and its impinging on the esophageal wall were the main sources of the sound generated from the voice prosthesis within the esophageal section. The frequency of the generated sound depended on the frequency of oscillations of the valve.
Reactive-dynamic characteristics of a nanobubble collapse near a solid boundary using molecular dynamic simulation
Authors: Ghoohestani Marzieh , Rezaee Sasan , Kadivar Ebrahim , Esmaeilbeig Mohammad Amin
Published: January 2023

In the current research, we studied the collapse mechanism of the nanobubble under mirror and real wall protocols using molecular dynamics simulation. Moreover, we analyzed reactive properties of the real wall during the collapse process. Towards this aim, an aluminum (Al) slab has been considered as a real wall, and its behavior after the formation of a nanojet has been investigated. The obtained results indicated that the dynamics of nanobubble collapse under the mirror and real protocols are similar. The collision between the shock wave and the nanobubble leads to the collapse of nanobubble, and the nanojet was formed during this collapse process. However, the nanobubble can collapse sooner when the Al slab is used as a real wall. Moreover, the surface roughness of the Al slab during the shock propagation and nanobubble collapse was increased due to the formation of the chemical reaction between Al and water under the real wall protocol, while the mirror wall has a roughness-free surface from the beginning to the end. The chemical reaction 2Al + H2O→ AlOH + AlH creates the amorphous layer containing the AlOH and AlH species on the surface of the Al slab. This layer grows semi-smoothly during bubble shrinkage and collapse process, while the growth type was changed to an island shape after the complete collapsing. The island shape on the Al slab was formed behind the nanojet due to the water vortices that are formed after the nanobubble collapse.
Spin nematic liquid of the S = 1/2 distorted diamond spin chain in magnetic field
Authors: Sakai Tôru , Nakano Hiroki , Furuchi Rito , Okamoto Kiyomi
Published: January 2023

The magnetization process of the S = 1/2 distorted diamond spin chain with anisotropic ferromagnetic interaction is investigated using numerical diagonalization of finite-size clusters. It is found that the spin nematic and SDW Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids can appear for sufficiently large easy axis anisotropy.
Mammalian life depends on two distinct pathways of DNA damage tolerance
Authors: Buoninfante Olimpia Alessandra , Pilzecker Bas , Spanjaard Aldo , de Groot Daniël , Prekovic Stefan , Song Ji-Ying , Lieftink Cor , Ayidah Matilda , Pritchard Colin E. J. , Vivié Judith , Mcgrath Kathleen E. , Huijbers Ivo J. , Philipsen Sjaak , von Lindern Marieke , Zwart Wilbert , Beijersbergen Roderick L. , Palis James , van den Berk Paul C. M. , Jacobs Heinz
Published: January 2023

DNA damage threatens genomic integrity and instigates stem cell failure. To bypass genotoxic lesions during replication, cells employ DNA damage tolerance (DDT), which is regulated via PCNA ubiquitination and REV1. DDT is conserved in all domains of life, yet its relevance in mammals remains unclear. Here, we show that inactivation of both PCNA-ubiquitination and REV1 results in embryonic and adult lethality, and the accumulation of DNA damage in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) that ultimately resulted in their depletion. Our results reveal the crucial relevance of DDT in the maintenance of stem cell compartments and mammalian life in unperturbed conditions.
A sex-biased imbalance between Tfr, Tph, and atypical B cells determines antibody responses in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Søndergaard Jonas Nørskov , Tulyeu Janyerkye , Edahiro Ryuya , Shirai Yuya , Yamaguchi Yuta , Murakami Teruaki , Morita Takayoshi , Kato Yasuhiro , Hirata Haruhiko , Takeda Yoshito , Okuzaki Daisuke , Sakaguchi Shimon , Kumanogoh Atsushi , Okada Yukinori , Wing James Badger
Published: January 2023

Sex-biased humoral immune responses to COVID-19 patients have been observed, but the cellular basis for this is not understood. Using single-cell proteomics by mass cytometry, we find disrupted regulation of humoral immunity in COVID-19 patients, with a sex-biased loss of circulating follicular regulatory T cells (cTfr) at a significantly greater rate in male patients. In addition, a male sex-associated cellular network of T-peripheral helper, plasma blasts, proliferating and extrafollicular/atypical CD11c
+
memory B cells was strongly positively correlated with neutralizing antibody concentrations and negatively correlated with cTfr frequency. These results suggest that sex-specific differences to the balance of cTfr and a network of extrafollicular antibody production-associated cell types may be a key factor in the altered humoral immune responses between male and female COVID-19 patients.
Microstructure of aluminium alloy welding under an external magnetic field
Authors: Fan Zhiguang , Shen Yuzhuo , He Youyou
Published: January 2023

In this paper, the effect of alternating longitudinal electromagnetic fields on the microstructure, composition segregation and solid solubility of solute elements in aluminium alloy weld beads is studied. The results show that the X-ray diffraction peaks of the deposited aluminium alloy layer under the external magnetic field are much less intense than those for the alloy prepared without the external magnetic field. The diffraction peak intensities from different crystallographic planes in the structure slightly differ under the action of different magnetic field frequencies. As the excitation current increases, the increase in Mg segregation is obvious. With an increase in the magnetic field frequency and excitation current, the external magnetic field promotes the solid solubility of solute Mg in Al.
Compartmental modelling in epidemic diseases: a comparison between SIR model with constant and time-dependent parameters
Authors: Sikder Arun Kumar , Hossain Md Biplob , Islam Md Hamidul
Published: January 2023

The compartmental modelling is one of the most widely used techniques in investigating the dynamics of infectious diseases. This modelling technique usually treats model parameters as constant. However, the parameters associated with infectious diseases randomly change following the changes in the conditions of disease transmission. As a result, the estimated parameters are often found over or under-determined by direct problems when some conditions change and the forecasting using direct problems often goes wrong. In this study, we estimate the model parameters over different time intervals by means of the inverse problem method and then solve the forward problem using these estimated parameters to compare them with the real epidemic data. We apply the method to estimate the parameters corresponding to Nipah virus, Measles and COVID-19 in the context of Bangladesh. The results suggest that the method helps to gain improved insights into epidemic scenarios corresponding to smaller time intervals. The results of the direct problem are found to fall apart fairly quickly from the real epidemic data as the length of the interval used in the inverse problem method increased.
Mobile impurities interacting with a few one-dimensional lattice bosons
Authors: Yordanov Vasil R , Isaule Felipe
Published: January 2023

We report a comprehensive study of the ground-state properties of one and two bosonic impurities immersed in small one-dimensional optical lattices loaded with a few interacting bosons. We model the system with a two-component Bose–Hubbard model and solve the problem numerically by means of the exact diagonalization method. We report binding energies of one and two impurities across the superfluid (SF) to Mott-insulator transition and confirm the formation of two-body bound states of impurities induced by repulsive interactions. In particular, we found that an insulator bath induces tightly bound di-impurity dimers, whereas a SF bath induces shallower bound states.
Facile synthesis of Ni3Se4/Ni0.6Zn0.4O/ZnO nanoparticle as high-performance electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage device
Authors: Runfa Li , Chen Xin , Hongliang Cao , Wei Yan , Yuanfang Zhang , Siyu Cheng , Wenrui Jiang , Qi Zhang , Yi E , Meng Jiang , Abdullah Muhammad , Tan Liyi
Published: January 2023

To enhance the performance of transition metal chalcogenide composite electrode material, a key point is a composite design and preparation based on the synergistic effect between the oxide and selenide materials. With a facile ‘one step template-annealing’ step, Ni3Se4, Ni0.6Zn0.4O and ZnO are simultaneously synthesized, by 500 °C annealing. With the increase of annealing temperature from 350 °C to 600 °C, nickel selenides change from NiSe2 to Ni3Se4 to NiSe. The charge storage capacity increases first and then decreases with the increase of annealing temperature, and the 500 °C annealing obtained three compound composite Ni3Se4/Ni0.6Zn0.4O/ZnO (NNZ-500) nanoparticle material displayed a high specific capacitance of 1089.2 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, and excellent cycle stability of 99.8% capacitance retention after 2000 cycles at 5 A g−1. Moreover, an asymmetric supercapacitor was assembled with NNZ-500 as the positive electrode material and activated carbon as the negative electrode material. This kind of asymmetric supercapacitor demonstrated a high energy density of 53.4 Wh kg−1 at 819.0 W kg−1, and cycle stability with 98.6% capacitance retention after 2000 cycles. This material preparation approach provides great potential for the future development of high performance transition metal composite electrode materials in energy storage applications.
Electron and ion acceleration from femtosecond laser-plasma peeler scheme
Authors: Shen X F , Pukhov A , Qiao B
Published: January 2023

Using three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, we further investigate the electron and ion acceleration from femtosecond laser–plasma peeler scheme which was proposed in our recent paper (Shen et al 2021 Phys. Rev. X 11 041002). In addition to the standard setup where a laser pulse impinges on an edge of a single tape target, two new variants of the target, i.e. a parallel tape and a cross tape target, were proposed, where strong surface plasma waves can also be efficiently excited at the front edges of the target. By using a tabletop 200 TW-class laser pulse, we observe generation of high-flux, well-collimated, superponderomotive electrons. More importantly, quasimonoenergetic proton beams can always be obtained in all the three setups, while with the single tape case, the obtained proton beam has the highest peak energy and narrowest spectrum.
Diagnostics of a nanosecond atmospheric plasma jet. Electron and ro-vibrational excitation dynamics
Authors: Britun Nikolay , Dennis Christy Peter Raj , Gamaleev Vladislav , Hori Masaru
Published: January 2023

Atmospheric repetitive He discharge with 10 ns current peak width and

3
×

10

11

 V s−1 voltage front rise working in jet geometry is studied. The first part of the study is devoted to electrical and optical discharge characterization including voltage-current behavior, emission dynamics, as well as ro-vibrational dynamics of N2, N

2
+

and OH molecules. It is found that He atoms get excited at the very early stage, as a result of ionization wave formation. This process follows by excitation of O, N2 and N

2
+

. It is also shown that a rather small (0.1%–1%) air admixtures facilitate gas breakdown, as revealed by shortening of the discharge current risetime. The rotational excitation of N

2
+

always overtakes He excitation by about 5 ns, with rotational temperature peaking at about 650 K and decaying afterwards, whereas rotational temperature of N2 always remains constant equal to about 300 K. This value is associated with gas kinetic temperature since the electron-rotational (e-R) excitation process is too slow, so it cannot be activated during the plasma phase and no additional change in rotational excitation of N2 happens. Nitrogen molecules remain vibrationally excited in the discharge, post-discharge and jet areas after the plasma pulse which is likely a result of ionization wave propagation. Upon water vapor injection the apparent OH rotational distributions reveal double Boltzmann slope representing thermalized and non-thermalized OH groups. Rotational temperature of the thermalized group correlates with the one of N

2
+

showing, however, much longer relaxation time, whereas for the non-thermalized group it remains above 1 eV at all conditions. The obtained results confirm that the studied ns- discharge is a good candidate for temperature-sensitive applications, such as the bio-sample treatment. Further analysis related to the ionization waves, electron density and electric field behavior is undertaken in the second part.