bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Empire Prays Back: Religion, Secularity, and Queer Critique
Authors: Dhawan Nikita
Published: March 2013

The past decades have been ones of unprecedented sociocultural and legal gains for queer politics. But these achievements have been accompanied by a severe critique of queer racism and of the imperialist agenda of global gay politics. The employment of gender and sexuality as alibis for legitimizing violence against religious groups, especially Muslims, has opened up fundamental questions regarding the future of queer emancipatory politics. While supportive of the urgency of critiquing the complicities of Western queer politics in neoliberal, imperial discourses, I am troubled by the silences on and the lack of critique of homophobia and heterosexism in diasporic and postcolonial contexts. The unwillingness to address the violent experiences of those subjects who are vulnerable to both queer racism as well as postcolonial heteronormativity has become the Achilles’ heel of the recent postsecular turn in queer postcolonial scholarship and activism. Religious violence against sexual minorities is ignored by prioritizing violence against religious minorities. The sole focus on queer racism and homonationalism in the global North neglects how supposedly conflicting ideologies of heteronormative nationalisms on both sides of the postcolonial divide in fact collaborate with each other. There is an urgent need to explore nonimperialist strategies of contesting heterosexism and homophobia in diasporic and postcolonial contexts and pursue a more complex, multidirectional politics of critique that is directed at coercive practices across the secularism-religion divide. Critique, when engaging with solely one dimension of domination, risks reproducing violence. Thus, anti-imperialist and antiracist critique of queer politics must be accompanied by a critique of “reproductive heteronormativity” within postcolonial contexts.
Introduction: David Montgomery and the Shaping of the New Labor History
Authors: Arnesen Eric
Published: March 2013

This issue's Whither Labor History? section looks at the influence of historian David Montgomery on the field of labor history. Eric Arnesen assembles a range of leading lights among our numbers—David Brody, James Green, Julie Greene, Jennifer Klein, and Nelson Lichtenstein—to comment on various aspects of Montgomery's legacy of inquiries into the history of worker responses to capitalist power—with special attention to work process, politics, law, race, and empire, which will surely inspire re-readings for years to come.
Notch signaling coordinates cellular proliferation with differentiation during zebrafish fin regeneration
Authors: Grotek Bartholomäus , Wehner Daniel , Weidinger Gilbert
Published: March 2013

Zebrafish can completely regenerate amputated fins via formation of a blastema, a proliferative mass of undifferentiated precursor cells. During regenerative growth, blastema proliferation must be tightly coordinated with cellular differentiation, but little is known about how this is achieved. Here, we show that Notch signaling is essential for maintenance of blastema cells in a proliferative undifferentiated state. We found that the Notch pathway is activated in response to fin amputation in the highly proliferative region of the blastema. Chemical interference with Notch signaling resulted in a complete block of regeneration. Notch signaling was not required for the earliest known cellular processes during blastema formation, i.e. dedifferentiation and migration of osteoblasts, but specifically interfered with proliferation of blastema cells. Interestingly, overactivation of the pathway via misexpression of the intracellular domain of the Notch receptor (NICD) likewise inhibited regenerative outgrowth. In NICD-overexpressing fins, overall blastemal cell proliferation was not enhanced, but expanded into proximal regions where cellular differentiation normally occurs. Similarly, blastemal and epidermal gene expression territories invaded proximal regions upon sustained Notch activation. Concomitantly, NICD overexpression suppressed differentiation of osteoblasts and caused an expansion of the undifferentiated blastema. Together, these data suggest that Notch signaling activity maintains blastemal cells in a proliferative state and thus coordinates proliferation with differentiation during regenerative growth.
Modular development of the teleost trunk along the dorsoventral axis and zic1/zic4 as selector genes in the dorsal module
Authors: Kawanishi Toru , Kaneko Takuya , Moriyama Yuuta , Kinoshita Masato , Yokoi Hayato , Suzuki Tohru , Shimada Atsuko , Takeda Hiroyuki
Published: March 2013

Teleost fish exhibit remarkable diversity in morphology, such as fins and coloration, particularly on the dorsal side. These structures are evolutionary adaptive because their back is highly visible to other individuals. However, owing to the late phenotypic appearance (from larva to adult) and lack of appropriate mutants, the genetic mechanisms that regulate these dorsoventrally asymmetric external patterns are largely unknown. To address this, we have analyzed the spontaneous medaka mutant Double anal fin (Da), which exhibits a mirror-image duplication of the ventral half across the lateral midline from larva to adult. Da is an enhancer mutant for zic1 and zic4 in which their expression in dorsal somites is lost. We show that the dorsoventral polarity in Da somites is lost and then demonstrate using transplantation techniques that somites and their derived tissues globally determine the multiple dorsal-specific characteristics of the body (fin morphology and pigmentation) from embryo to adult. Intriguingly, the zic1/zic4 expression in the wild type persists throughout life in the dorsal parts of somite derivatives, i.e. the myotome, dermis and vertebrae, forming a broad dorsal domain in the trunk. Comparative analysis further implies a central role for zic1/zic4 in morphological diversification of the teleost body. Taken together, we propose that the teleost trunk consists of dorsal/ventral developmental modules and that zic1/zic4 in somites function as selector genes in the dorsal module to regulate multiple dorsal morphologies.
Late-stage Hydrocarbon Accumulation and Enrichment Pattern in Liaozhong Sag, Northern Offshore Bohai Bay Basin
Authors: Qiang Kunsheng , Lü Xiuxiang , Zhou Xinhuai , Xu Changgui , Ma Litao , Zhao Xuya
Published: March 2013

The Liaozhong Sag is one of the major oil-bearing areas in offshore Bohai Bay Basin and is obviously characterized by late-stage hydrocarbon accumulation. In this paper our study was focused on strong activities of tectonic movement in the Liaozhong sag. In terms of source rock thermal history analysis, generation, migration and accumulation of hydrocarbon, late-stage hydrocarbon accumulation and enrichment pattern were summarized. Apatite fission track analysis and evolutionary history of the Easy% Ro model simulation of source rock showed that major source rocks became matured rapidly at the time 5.1Ma from the present. Fault analysis, showed that hydrocarbon migration in the study area was mainly the result of fault transportation. Fluid inclusions indicated that the accumulation period of oil and gas reservoirs was 5.1Ma from the present. Our study showed that late-stage rapid hydrocarbon generation, late-stage vertical fault transportation, hydrocarbon accumulation near source rocks and late-stage rapid in-filling are the main features of hydrocarbon accumulation in the Liaozhong Sag. The abnormal high pressure and fluid inclusion homogenization temperature anomaly are indications of late-stage episodic reservoiring and in-filling. Regional reservoir-cap rock combination of Eocene Shahejie Formation and Oligocene Dongying Formation, predominant transport channels and relevant traps formed by the complex tectonic movement of the Tan-Lu Fault are major factors controlling hydrocarbon accumulation. Episodic reservoiring of formation overpressure, near-source accumulation and fault control constitute the oil and gas enrichment pattern of the Liaozhong Sag.
Road Traffic Noise and Self-Reported Sleep Disturbance: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study in Western India
Authors: Banerjee Dibyendu
Published: March 2013

Background:

Previous studies have provided evidence about chronic night noise exposure and sleep disturbance, which is indicator of more serious health conditions. Such studies have never been reported for the Indian population. This study aimed to further explore the association between nocturnal transportation noise exposure and self-reported sleep disturbances in an adult Indian population.

Methods:

The cross-sectional study used results from a pilot study, from a large scale social survey in the urban municipality of Asansol, an industrial city, situated in western India. The survey included responses from 221 adults (19–59 year old) residing within 100 meters buffer of the major and arterial roadways, with criteria of minimum 10 years stay in the study area. Association of self-reported sleep disturbance was studied by multiple logistic regression analysis with adjusting for age, gender and period of residence.

Results:

Sleep disturbance was more marked at levels of 61–65 dB(A) night noise exposure, OR (95% CI) 2.36 (1.13–4.94. For a 5dB(A) increase in night noise exposure, the OR (95% CI) was 1.30 (1.04–1.64). For every 10 years addition to age of the respondents, odds of sleep disturbance was estimated to increase by 1.17 over non-exposure individuals. Women reported higher sleep disturbance, OR (95% CI) 1.23 (0.65–1.92) in comparison to men A period of residence of 10 years in study area showed an OR (95% CI) of 1.33 (0.86–2.06) for sleep disturbance among exposed respondents. Further it was estimated with 95% confidence that the attributable fraction for sleep disturbance among those noise exposed within the population was 16% to 80%.

Conclusions:

The study results support an association between higher nocturnal road traffic noise and self-reported sleep disturbance in comparison to areas with quieter nights. Further sleep disturbance among women was significantly associated with higher night noise exposure.
Perspectives of Nanotechnology in Minimally Invasive Therapy of Breast Cancer
Authors: Yang Yamin , Wang Hongjun
Published: March 2013

Breast cancer, the most common type of cancer among women in the western world, affects approximately one out of every eight women over their lifetime. In recognition of the high invasiveness of surgical excision and severe side effects of chemical and radiation therapies, increasing efforts are made to seek minimally invasive modalities with fewer side effects. Nanoparticles (<100 nm in size) have shown promising capabilities for delivering targeted therapeutic drugs to cancer cells and confining the treatment mainly within tumors. Additionally, some nanoparticles exhibit distinct properties, such as conversion of photonic energy into heat, and these properties enable eradication of cancer cells. In this review, current utilization of nanostructures for cancer therapy, especially in minimally invasive therapy, is summarized with a particular interest in breast cancer.
A Structural Fire Engineering Prediction for the Veselí Fire Tests, 2011
Authors: Huang Shan-Shan , Burgess Ian , Davison Buick
Published: March 2013

Fire hazards and full-scale structural tests have provided evidence that the beam-column connections of building frames are the weakest structural elements, which are vulnerable to fracture in fire. Connection fractures may lead to extensive damage or even progressive collapse. However, current design methods for connections are solely based on ambient-temperature behaviour, the additional forces and rotations generated in fire are not taken into account. The Structural Fire Engineering Research Group of the University of Sheffield is involved in a European-collaborative project which concerns the behaviour and robustness in fire of practical connections to composite columns. This includes two natural fire tests in a full-scale composite structure in Veselí, the Czech Republic. The Sheffield team was responsible for predicting the structural behaviour in the tests before they were conducted. This assessment was conducted using the specialist structural fire engineering FEA program Vulcan. This paper reports the results of this predictive analysis.
Coupled Structural-thermal Calculations for Restrained Steel Columns in Fire
Authors: Kwaśniewski Lasław , Ali Faris , Balcerzak Marcin
Published: March 2013

This work presents a coupled structural-thermal numerical analysis of restrained steel columns under elevated temperatures. The modeling is based on the experimental tests carried out on a series of open section ‘I-shaped’ columns, tested experimentally under different loading. The parametric study of a chosen case investigated following problems: geometrical imperfections, reduction of heated column area, variation of temperature along the length of the column, variation of applied force and variation of constraints properties. For the comparison with experimental the following quantities were used: axial force, vertical displacement and midspan deflection. The comparison showed that including more details and uncerteinties give the numerical results closer to reality. The last paragraph presents results for the same steel column under different loading, comparing only the maximum applied load, which is a crucial quantity for the behavior of the structure.
Factors Influencing the 99th Percentile of Cardiac Troponin I Evaluated in Community-Dwelling Individuals at 70 and 75 Years of Age
Authors: Eggers Kai M , Lind Lars , Venge Per , Lindahl Bertil
Published: March 2013

BACKGROUND

We aimed to investigate the effects of sex, prevalent cardiovascular disease (CVD), and aging on the 99th percentile of cardiac troponin I (cTnI).

METHODS

cTnI was measured using a high-sensitivity assay (Abbott Diagnostics) in 814 community-dwelling individuals at both 70 and 75 years of age. We determined the cTnI 99th percentiles separately using nonparametric methods in the total sample, in men and women, and in individuals with and without CVD.

RESULTS

The cTnI 99th percentile at baseline was 55.2 ng/L for the total cohort. Higher 99th percentiles were noted in men (69.3 ng/L) and individuals with CVD (74.5 ng/L). The cTnI 99th percentile in individuals free from CVD at baseline (n = 498) increased by 51% from 38.4 to 58.0 ng/L during the 5-year observation period. Relative increases ranging from 44% to 83% were noted across all subgroups. Male sex [odds ratio, 5.3 (95% CI, 1.5–18.3)], log-transformed N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide [odds ratio, 1.9 (95% CI, 1.2–3.0)], and left-ventricular mass index [odds ratio, 1.3 (95% CI, 1.1–1.5)] predicted increases in cTnI concentrations from below the 99th percentile (i.e., 38.4 ng/L) at baseline to concentrations above the 99th percentile at the age of 75 years.

CONCLUSIONS

cTnI concentration and its 99th percentile threshold depend strongly on the characteristics of the population being assessed. Among elderly community dwellers, higher concentrations were seen in men and individuals with prevalent CVD. Aging contributes to increasing concentrations, given the pronounced changes seen with increasing age across all subgroups. These findings should be taken into consideration when applying cTnI decision thresholds in clinical settings.
Adenosine Transporter ENT1 Regulates the Acquisition of Goal-Directed Behavior and Ethanol Drinking through A2AReceptor in the Dorsomedial Striatum
Authors: Nam Hyung Wook , Hinton David J. , Kang Na Young , Kim Taehyun , Lee Moonnoh R. , Oliveros Alfredo , Adams Chelsea , Ruby Christina L. , Choi Doo-Sup
Published: March 2013

Adenosine signaling has been implicated in the pathophysiology of many psychiatric disorders including alcoholism. Striatal adenosine A2Areceptors (A2AR) play an essential role in both ethanol drinking and the shift from goal-directed action to habitual behavior. However, direct evidence for a role of striatal A2AR signaling in ethanol drinking and habit development has not been established. In the present study, we found that decreased A2AR-mediated CREB activity in the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) enhanced initial behavioral acquisition of goal-directed behaviors and the vulnerability to progress to excessive ethanol drinking during operant conditioning in mice lacking ethanol-sensitive adenosine transporter ENT1 (ENT1−/−). Using mice expressing β-galactosidase (lacZ) under the control of seven repeated CRE sites in both genotypes (CRE-lacZ/ENT1+/+mice and CRE-lacZ/ENT1−/−mice) and the dominant-negative form of CREB, we found that reduced CREB activity in the DMS was causally associated with decreased A2AR signaling and increased goal-directed ethanol drinking. Finally, we have demonstrated that the A2AR antagonist ZM241385 dampened protein kinase A activity–mediated signaling in the DMS and promoted excessive ethanol drinking in ENT1+/+mice, but not in ENT1−/−mice. Our results indicate that A2AR-mediated CREB signaling in the DMS is a key determinant in enhancing the development of goal-directed ethanol drinking in mice.
The role of interleukin 1β in the anti-adipogenic action of macrophages on human preadipocytes
Authors: Gagnon AnneMarie , Foster Charlie , Landry Anne , Sorisky Alexander
Published: March 2013

When adipose tissue accumulates in obesity, the ability of preadipocytes to differentiate permits a hyperplastic expansion of functional adipocytes that preserves insulin sensitivity. Adipose infiltration by macrophages is associated with an adipogenic deficit and the appearance of inflamed, insulin-resistant hypertrophied adipocytes. Interleukin 1β (IL1β) has been reported to account for the anti-adipogenic action of macrophages in a mouse model. Using the THP-1 human macrophage cell line and human primary preadipocytes, our objective was to determine whether IL1β was necessary for the ability of conditioned medium from THP-1 macrophages (THP-1-MacCM) to: i) stimulate human preadipocyte inhibitor of κB kinase β (IKKβ) and ii) inhibit human adipocyte differentiation. IL1β is present in THP-1-MacCM, and THP-1-MacCM or IL1β (500 pg/ml; its concentration in THP-1-MacCM) acutely stimulated IKKβ phosphorylation and inhibitor of κB (IκB) degradation in preadipocytes. IL1β was sufficient to inhibit adipogenesis on its own, and this was blocked by SC-514, an IKKβ inhibitor, as has been reported for THP-1-MacCM. IκB degradation by IL1β-immunodepleted THP-1-MacCM was attenuated, whereas IKKβ phosphorylation and the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation were unchanged. Therefore, in contrast to what has been suggested for mouse cell models, IL1β is not required for the ability of MacCM to inhibit adipogenesis in human cell models.
Revealing ordering and structural changes at glass transition
Authors: Ojovan Michael I.
Published: March 2013

Ordering types in the disordered structure of amorphous materials and structural changes which occur at glass-liquid transition are discussed revealing medium range order and reduction of topological signature of bonding system.
Violência nos relacionamentos afetivo-sexuais entre adolescentes de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil: busca de ajuda e rede de apoio
Authors: Soares Joannie dos Santos Fachinelli , Lopes Marta Julia Marques , Njaine Kathie
Published: March 2013

Buscou-se analisar a rede de apoio referida pelos adolescentes no enfrentamento das situações de violência nas relações afetivo-sexuais. Utilizou-se abordagem quantitativa, para o inquérito epidemiológico, e qualitativa, para os dados das entrevistas e grupos focais. A amostra foi composta por 283 adolescentes de 15 a 19 anos de idade, estudantes do segundo ano do ensino médio de escolas públicas e particulares de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os dados quantitativos foram analisados por meio de descrição de frequências e da análise de associação entre variáveis. Para os dados qualitativos, utilizou-se o método de análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática. Os resultados mostram que apenas 5% dos adolescentes solicitaram ajuda para problemas decorrentes de violência e, quando o fizeram, procuraram principalmente amigos e familiares. Os profissionais de saúde foram pouco citados pelos jovens como fonte de ajuda. Destaca-se a necessidade de questionar as implicações do sistema de atenção à saúde na prevenção da violência e promoção da saúde dos adolescentes com vistas à adoção de relacionamentos saudáveis.
Comparação das estimativas de prevalência de indicadores de saúde no Município de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil, nos anos de 2001/2002 (ISA-SP) e 2008/2009 (ISA-Camp)
Authors: Francisco Priscila Maria Stolses Bergamo , Barros Marilisa Berti de Azevedo , Segri Neuber José , Alves Maria Cecília Goi Porto , César Chester Luis Galvão , Carandina Luana , Goldbaun Moisés
Published: March 2013

O objetivo do estudo foi comparar estimativas da prevalência de indicadores de saúde para adultos residentes em Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil, utilizando dados de inquéritos domiciliares realizados em diferentes períodos de tempo (ISA-SP 2001/2002 e ISA-Camp 2008/2009), com amostras de 941 e 2.637 indivíduos de 18 anos e mais, respectivamente. Variáveis sociodemográficas caracterizaram a população estudada. Foram estimadas prevalências e seus respectivos intervalos de 95% de confiança e as comparações foram realizadas pelas razões de prevalência ajustadas por sexo, idade e escolaridade, obtidas pela regressão de Poisson com variância robusta. Diferenças estatisticamente significantes foram observadas para as prevalências de: morbidade referida, uso de medicamentos, percentual dos que nunca fumaram, realização dos exames de Papanicolaou e de mamografia, alguma vez na vida. O acompanhamento de indicadores de saúde por inquéritos repetidos em uma mesma população pode facilitar o monitoramento de objetivos e metas fornecendo subsídios ao planejamento de ações em saúde.
O aleitamento materno na perspectiva da vulnerabilidade programática e do cuidado
Authors: Souza Sarah Nancy Deggau Hegeto de , Mello Débora Falleiros de , Ayres José Ricardo de Carvalho Mesquita
Published: March 2013

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar criticamente, com base em experiências e reflexões narradas por profissionais de saúde, ações, situações e decisões que envolvem o aleitamento materno no âmbito dos serviços de saúde, examinando aspectos que favorecem ou restringem possibilidades de amamentação. Estudo qualitativo, baseado no quadro conceitual da vulnerabilidade e do cuidado em saúde, utilizou grupos focais e entrevistas com 25 profissionais participantes do Comitê de Aleitamento Materno, em Londrina, Paraná, Brasil. O material produzido foi elaborado de forma compreensivo-interpretativa, com foco nas questões que envolvem o processo de amamentar, seus caminhos e decisões. O estudo traz elementos para entender que a maneira como as mães e famílias lidam com o aleitamento materno está ligada ao modo como as práticas estão organizadas e com os aspectos individuais e sociais, demandando integração entre saberes práticos e técnico-científicos. Retrata a complexidade do cuidado em saúde da mulher e da criança, possibilitando uma aproximação mais rica ao cotidiano da assistência e das estratégias adotadas.
A transição de saúde e as mudanças na expectativa de vida saudável da população idosa: possíveis impactos da prevenção de doenças crônicas
Authors: Campolina Alessandro Gonçalves , Adami Fernando , Santos Jair Licio Ferreira , Lebrão Maria Lúcia
Published: March 2013

O objetivo foi avaliar o impacto da eliminação das doenças crônicas sobre a expectativa de vida livre de incapacidade da população idosa. Estudo transversal, de base populacional, utilizando dados oficiais secundários para o Município de São Paulo, Brasil, em 2000, e dados obtidos do Estudo SABE. Tábuas de vida de eliminação de causas foram utilizadas para calcular as probabilidades de morte com a eliminação de doenças. As enfermidades eliminadas que geraram o maior aumento de expectativa de vida livre de incapacidade, para o sexo feminino, foram a doença cardíaca (em primeiro lugar), o diabetes mellitus (em segundo lugar) e a hipertensão arterial (em terceiro lugar). Já para o sexo masculino, as doenças eliminadas que geraram maior aumento de expectativa de vida livre de incapacidade foram a doença cardíaca (em primeiro lugar), a hipertensão arterial (em segundo lugar), a queda (em terceiro lugar aos 60 anos) e a doença pulmonar crônica (em terceiro lugar aos 75 anos). A classificação das doenças crônicas, segundo o impacto na expectativa de vida livre de incapacidade, poderá auxiliar no planejamento de programas de prevenção e promoção da saúde.
Violência doméstica contra mulheres e a atuação profissional na atenção primária à saúde: um estudo etnográfico em Matinhos, Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Signorelli Marcos Claudio , Auad Daniela , Pereira Pedro Paulo Gomes
Published: March 2013

A violência doméstica provoca múltiplas repercussões na saúde das mulheres e gera desafiadora agenda para os profissionais do SUS. Objetivou-se analisar como profissionais de saúde atendem tais mulheres, problematizando a noção de acolhimento em saúde. Adotou-se pesquisa qualitativa e aproximação etnográfica com profissionais de uma unidade básica de saúde (UBS) de Matinhos, Paraná, Brasil. A pesquisa revelou atendimentos centrados em: (1) preceitos biologizantes, com foco em lesões físicas e medicalização; (2) diálogo, escuta ativa, questões psicossociais e estabelecimento de vínculos, destacando-se agentes comunitários de saúde nesta abordagem. A escassez de estrutura local oficial para manejo da violência doméstica enseja atuação inscrita sob a gramática do acolhimento, preconizada pelo SUS, descrita pela literatura, verbalizada na UBS, mas pouco problematizada. Com este artigo buscou-se, portanto, contribuir com tal debate, não no estabelecimento de prescrições, porém no levantamento de indagações e principalmente visibilizando e traduzindo vozes de quem trabalha diuturnamente com esse desafio.
Incontinência urinária em mulheres que buscam exame preventivo de câncer de colo uterino: fatores sociodemográficos e comportamentais
Authors: Sacomori Cinara , Negri Nubia Berenice , Cardoso Fernando Luiz
Published: March 2013

Este estudo transversal objetivou investigar a associação entre, de um lado, fatores sociodemográficos e comportamentais e, de outro, a presença de incontinência urinária referida em 784 mulheres que buscam exame preventivo de câncer de colo uterino na Grande Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Foram obtidos dados sociodemográficos, estado de saúde, atividade física, constipação e índice de massa corporal, sendo utilizado o International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-SF. A prevalência de incontinência urinária foi de 30,7% (16,5% perdiam urina uma vez por semana ou menos e 23,8% em pequena quantidade). Na regressão de Poisson bruta, estiveram associados à incontinência urinária os seguintes fatores: baixa escolaridade, renda por pessoa da família até um salário mínimo, etnia não caucasiana, excesso de peso corporal, pior autoavaliação do estado de saúde, constipação e idade. Após ajuste, seguindo modelo hierarquizado, permaneceram associados: escolaridade, etnia, estado de saúde e idade. A alta prevalência de incontinência urinária em mulheres que buscam exame de rastreamento do câncer de colo uterino justifica abordagens preventivas nesses espaços de atuação.
Analytics Beyond R2: Year One
Authors: Turk Derrick , Gavia Jennifer , Jenkins Chris , Oster Catherine , Sandlin Jesse , Wright Kelly
Published: March 2013

The burgeoning world of unconventional resource play exploration and exploitation has forced the petroleum E&P industry to confront issues of uncertainty and risk on an unprecedented scale. Additionally, the digital oilfield revolution continues to drive ever-vaster streams of data from every aspect of our operations—but the information contained within this data is not so simple to extract. As industry practice outpaces theoretical understanding, operators are turning to quantitative techniques honed on "big data" in far-flung industries in order to make evidence-based decisions. These techniques fly the various flags of "statistics," "data mining," and "machine learning" but can be usefully united under the banner of analytics: the discovery and communication of meaningful patterns in data.

Our first steps into this arena revealed that analytics could be a boon to more than E&P; indeed, the approach could benefit the entire business. Deriving maximum value from analytics would require a vision and a strategy for analytics at the enterprise scale—as well as appropriate action to bring these to fruition. In this paper, we present our experience over the first year of the initiative to build an internal "center of excellence" for analytics at Devon.

We describe our initial work defining "analytics" at Devon and crafting a strategy to realize this vision. This includes our design of a process for analytics, definition of the R3 criteria for analytics projects, and our experiences with our initial "pilot" projects and their results.

We share key lessons learned from these projects: the importance of answering the right question, accessing the right data, applying the right tools, and—critically—assembling the right people.

Finally, we present our vision for the future of analytics at Devon.
Effect of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance Gene Fhb1 on Agronomic and End‐Use Quality Traits of Hard Red Winter Wheat
Authors: Bakhsh Ali , Mengistu Neway , Baenziger P. S. , Dweikat I. , Wegulo S. N. , Rose D. J. , Bai Guihua , Eskridge K. M.
Published: March 2013

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Fhb1, a major gene that confers resistance to FHB, has been incorporated into spring wheat cultivars but not into hard winter wheat cultivars in the northern Great Plains of the United States. Our objective was to determine if the Fhb1 gene itself has or genes linked to Fhb1 have deleterious effects on agronomic or end‐use quality traits in winter wheat. Forty‐two F3:7 entries from a three‐way cross (‘Alsen’/‘NE00403’//‘NE02584’) and three check cultivars were divided into five genotypic classes: (i) 20 Fhb1 lines, (ii) one Fhb1 blend (a physical mixture of equal proportion of the 20 Fhb1 lines), (iii) 20 fhb1 lines, (iv) one fhb1 blend, and (v) three adapted checks. The entries were evaluated for agronomic and end‐use quality traits in replicated trials at five locations in Nebraska. Contrasts of Fhb1 lines vs. fhb1 lines showed that Fhb1 lines were significantly more winter hardy, earlier, and higher in grain yield but were lower in protein content as compared to fhb1 lines. However, there were no differences in any measured trait between Fhb1 and fhb1 blends. No significant differences were observed among the genotypic classes with and without the Fhb1 gene for grain volume weight, kernels per spike, 1000‐kernel weight, flour yield, and mixograph mixing time and mixing tolerance. Hence, Fhb1 did not have deleterious effects on agronomic and end‐use quality traits and should be deployed in winter wheat cultivars.
The Effects of HIV/AIDS on the Retention of Black Women in College
Authors: Henry Wilma J.
Published: March 2013

Although only contributing approximately 12% to the United States population, Black Americans account for the majority (51%) of new HIV/AIDS diagnoses in this country. Black women in college between the ages of 18 and 24 fall directly in the center of these alarming statistics. These young women are faced with the psychosocial manifestations of internal negotiation, sacrifice of sexual safety, and ultimate threat of contracting HIV/AIDS, coupled with the negative social stereotypes attached to such behavior. Consequently, psychosocial ramifications of HIV/AIDS diagnoses play an integral role in the lives of the young Black women affected, including their decision to persist in their pursuit of a college degree. This article specifically explores the effects of HIV/AIDS on the retention of Black women in college.
Critiquing the Critics: Statistical Analysis of Music Critics' Rating Distributions as a Measure of Individual Refinement
Authors: Lundy Duane E.
Published: March 2013

In order to evaluate rating behavior among modern music critics, a previously compiled database that randomly sampled 352 different critics' ratings of more than 15,000 albums was utilized. Potential quantitative markers of rating refinement were explored by analyzing frequency distributions of album ratings. As a group, critics' ratings were found to be roughly normally distributed, but individual critics were found to vary widely in rating behavior, as evidenced by both visual inspection of histograms and related statistics, such as skewness, kurtosis, z-score ranges, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov calculations. Precision remains an area in need of improvement among all critics, with the rating scales varying between only 10-20% precision, and ceiling effects with somewhat negatively skewed distributions occurring among some critics.
Method for estimating probabilistic models of touch currents and impedance of human body relying on the effects of electric shock
Authors: Korniluk Włodzimierz , Sajewicz Dariusz
Published: March 2013

The article provides a theoretical basis for a method allowing to calculate probability of effects of electric shock, as well as a method for determining probabilistic characteristics of random touch current values and of human body impedance in a person who suffered from specific effects of electric shock. Results of example calculations are presented, including probabilities of occurrence of sensory symptoms, exceeding the letgo threshold, and development of ventricular fibrillation, as well as probabilistic characteristics of random touch current values and of impedance of human body in people who experienced specific effects of electric shock.
Neural learning adaptive system using simplified reactive power reference model based speed estimation in sensorless indirect vector controlled induction motor drives
Authors: Sedhuraman K. , Himavathi S. , Muthuramalingam A.
Published: March 2013

This paper presents a novel speed estimator using Reactive Power based Model Reference Neural Learning Adaptive System (RP-MRNLAS) for sensorless indirect vector controlled induction motor drives. The Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS) based speed estimator using simplified reactive power equations is one of the speed estimation method used for sensor-less indirect vector controlled induction motor drives. The conventional MRAS speed estimator uses PI controller for adaptation mechanism. The nonlinear mapping capability of Neural Network (NN) and the powerful learning algorithms have increased the applications of NN in power electronics and drives. This paper proposes the use of neural learning algorithm for adaptation in a reactive power technique based MRAS for speed estimation. The proposed scheme combines the advantages of simplified reactive power technique and the capability of neural learning algorithm to form a scheme named “Reactive Power based Model Reference Neural Learning Adaptive System” (RP-MRNLAS) for speed estimator in Sensorless Indirect Vector Controlled Induction Motor Drives. The proposed RP-MRNLAS is compared in terms of accuracy, integrator drift problems and stator resistance versions with the commonly used Rotor Flux based MRNLAS (RF-MRNLAS) for the same system and validated through Matlab/Simulink. The superiority of the RP-MRNLAS technique is demonstrated.
Phenomenon of the eddy current exceeding the exciting magnetomotive force
Authors: Vogel Roman
Published: March 2013

Harmonic flux penetrating solid conductive material causes eddy currents inside. It seems plausible that its magnitude does not exceed the exciting magnetomotive force (mmf). However, under certain circumstances the opposite occurs. This article deals with a special case in which the eddy current is approximately 13% higher than the exciting mmf. An analytical field solution, a finite element calculation and a measurement proving this phenomenon are presented. A special flux linkage is turned out to be the reason for this phenomenon. Finally, another example with higher pronounced mmfexceeding in a coil is presented.
G protein co-signaling and challenges for translational research
Authors: Litosch Irene
Published: March 2013

The Gq-linked G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and their signaling pathways are important clinical targets for the dementia of Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive decline with aging. Gq stimulates phospholipase C-β1 (PLC-β1) activity, increasing levels of inositol-1, 4, 5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol, to initiate mobilization of intracellular Ca2+ and activation of protein kinase C, respectively. While high concentrations of ligand typically evoke large sustained increases in cytosolic Ca2+ levels, it has long been appreciated that the dynamics of the Ca2+ increase are more complex and consistent with multiple levels of regulation. Physiologically relevant concentrations of Gq-ligands evoke rhythmic fluctuations or an oscillation in the level of cytosolic Ca2+. Downstream targets are tuned to respond to the frequency of the Ca2+ oscillations which in turn, reflect the oscillations in IP3 levels. Oscillatory behavior depends on the assembly of self-organizing interactions. The components that contribute to and regulate the Ca2+ oscillator have been unclear, precluding transfer of this fundamental knowledge from bench to bedside. Many GPCRs that signal with Gq also co-signal with G12. G protein co-signaling could therefore regulate the Ca2+ oscillator. This letter explores the potential relationship between Ca2+ oscillations, G protein co-signaling and cellular response in the context of our recent observations. We found that Gq efficacy is synergistic with phosphatidic acid, (PA), a signaling mediator generated downstream of activated G12 and RhoA. Regulation by PA depends on interaction with the unique PLC-β1 PA binding region. G protein co-signaling is therefore a mechanism for GPCRs to collectively assemble self-organizing interactions that regulate the Ca2+ oscillator.
Dynamics of staphylococcal enterotoxin production in model experiments simulating the fresh cheese environment
Authors: Necidová Lenka , Janštová Bohdana , Karpíšková Renata
Published: March 2013

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of internal factors (pH, NaCl) and external factors (temperature, incubation time) on the ability of Staphylococcus aureus to grow and to produce staphylococcal enterotoxins SEA, SEB, and SEC. The fresh cheese environment was modelled in Brain Heart Infusion Broth media and food matrices (pasteurized milk from retail outlets) by internal and external factors (pH = 4.5 and 5.5, 2% NaCl, and t = 8 °C and 15 °C). The counts of enterotoxigenic strains of S. aureus at baseline, i.e. at the time of inoculation of model samples, corresponded to those encountered in the production of fresh cheeses as a result of post-pasteurization contamination. Enumeration of S. aureus was performed in accordance with EN ISO 6888-1, using agar medium. Staphylococcal enterotoxins were detected by the enzyme-linked fluorescence assay. The pH (4.5) and refrigeration temperature (8 °C) used prevented S. aureus from achieving the critical count of 105 cfu·ml-1 specified in Commission Regulation (EC) No. 2073/2005. The highest rates of enterotoxin production were recorded for enterotoxin A. The growth curves of S. aureus derived from model experiments were compared with the growth curve generated by a predictive microbiology program - Pathogen Modelling Program. The results of this study proved the Pathogen Modelling Program to be suitable for use in the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points system in the process of the fresh cheese production to help manufacturers prevent the growth of S. aureus and enterotoxin production.
Partial hepatectomy in a Plains garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis radix) with biliary cystadenoma: case report
Authors: Knotek Zdeněk , Grabensteiner Elvira , Knotková Zora , Kübber-Heiss Anna , Benyr Gerald
Published: March 2013

A four-year-old, captive-bred, female Plains garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis radix) was presented with a large midbody distension (5 cm × 3 cm × 3 cm) in the second third of the body length (total body length 123 cm). Contrast radiography technique excluded an envolvement of the oesophagus or stomach. Aspiration of 8 ml of acellular straw coloured fluid negative for presence of bacteria, fungi or parasites, reduced the swelling to a third of its original size. Surgical exploration revealed a pathologically changed central part of the liver with multiple different sized cysts. Histopathologically the diagnosis was defined as biliary cystadenoma. As the liver had a physiological appearance cranial and caudal to the central area, a partial hepatectomy was performed. The snake recovered well and started to feed spontaneously two days after surgery. During the check up two, four and seven months after hepatectomy, the snake was active and in a good condition. Hypoproteinaemia and altered activity of lactate dehydrogenase were present two months after surgery, azurophilia and hyperuricaemia were present in the blood sampled four months after hepatectomy. Except for azurophilia, the other values of the blood profile were within the expected range for a healthy snake seven months after surgery, indicating full recovery. This is the first detailed report of a successful central resection of a large pathologically changed part of the liver in snakes which was diagnosed as biliary cystadenoma.
Experiences with Audio Feedback in a Veterinary Curriculum
Authors: Rhind Susan M. , Pettigrew Graham W. , Spiller Jo , Pearson Geoff T.
Published: March 2013

On a national scale in the United Kingdom, student surveys have served to highlight areas within higher education that are not achieving high student satisfaction. Of particular concern to the veterinary and medical disciplines are the persistently poor levels of student satisfaction with academic feedback compared to students in other subjects. In this study we describe experiences with audio feedback trials in a veterinary curriculum. Students received audio feedback on either an in-course laboratory practical report or on an in-course multiple-choice test. Shortly after receiving their feedback, students were surveyed using an electronic questionnaire. In both courses, more students strongly agreed that audio feedback was helpful compared to either text-based (course A) or whole-class (course B) feedback. When asked to reflect on the helpfulness of various types of feedback they had received, audio feedback was rated less helpful than individual discussion with a member of staff (course A and course B), more helpful than peer discussion or automated feedback (course A and course B), and more helpful than written comments or whole-class review sessions (course B). From a faculty perspective, in course A, use of audio feedback was more efficient than handwritten feedback. In course B, the additional time commitment required was approximately 5 hours. Major themes in the qualitative data included the personal and individual nature of the feedback, quantity of feedback, improvement in students' insight into the process of marking, and the capacity of audio feedback to encourage and motivate.
Ugo Foscolo and Some Englishmen
Authors: Noad
Published: March 2013

“At some house where we were dining in London, I forget with whom, Ugo Foscolo, the poet, was one of the party. He was extremely excitable and irritable, and when some one spoke of a translation of Dante as being perfect, ‘Impossible’, shouted Foscolo, starting up in great excitement, at the same time tossing his cup full of coffee into the air, cup and all, regardless ' of the china and the ladies' dresses.” This is what Mary Somerville says of Foscolo in her Personal Recollections. All she can remember of one of the most fascinating conversationalists of his age is that he threw: his coffee-cup into the air when excited. But then, Foscolo, besides being a poet and a talker, was a foreigner, and such queer actions are typical of foreigners, and deserve to be recalled.
The Early Architecture of Ontario
Authors: Arthur
Published: March 2013

A great deal has been written in the last thirty years on the early buildings of the United States and of the Province of Quebec, but the pioneer architecture of Ontario has not received the recognition which it merits. There are several reasons for this neglect. In the first place, the growth of cities and the passion for restoration, frequent enough now and even more ruthless in Victorian times, have brought about the entire disappearance of many fine houses, and the alteration of others to a point where the handicraft of the Colonial builder is no longer recognizable.
In Search of Myself
Authors: Grove Frederick Philip
Published: March 2013

It was a dismal November day, with a raw wind blowing from the north-west and cold, iron-gray clouds flying low-one of those Ontario days which, on the lake-shores or in a country of rock and swamp, seem to bring visions of an ageless time after the emergence of the earth from chaos, or a foreboding of the end of a world about to die from entropy.
Aberration of Historians
Authors: Gelber Lionel
Published: March 2013

It is a commonplace of our time that a war of ideas has preceded and accompanied the clash of arms. The ideological antagonisms of the age are headline news. But there are other notions at work in North America to which we have attached less importance, yet whose effect may be almost as grave. From the start we have known where those stand who have said that this war is one for democracy; there has been no mystery about those who denounced the conflict as a struggle between rival imperialisms. But there are others, driven by events to change their opinions, who, having swung too wholeheartedly from one view to another, may in the end, with disastrous emotional and intellectual results, as suddenly revert to their original positions.
Music in Poetry
Authors: Frye Northrop
Published: March 2013

The epithet “musical” as applied to poetry has been the source of many crude misunderstandings; yet it deserves to be treated with respect, for it belongs to an equally distinguished art. There are two ways in which it can be properly used. It may describe poetry with accompanying music, or it may describe poetry which shows the direct or indirect influence of music, direct influence perhaps implying some techinical knowledge on the part of the poet. It is this second kind of musical poetry that is our subject.
Ghost Town
Authors: Brebner J. Bartlet
Published: March 2013

We had snaked our way in the car over the worst two of the water-soaked, wooded ranges between the Coast and the Valley, and had passed the sharpest cork-screws of the road up the big canyon, when we came round a corner and crashed into a jagged rock which had just fallen from the mountain-side. It lifted the front end of the car, ripped through the crank-case and bounced upright again just in time to punch a big hole in the gas-tank. We stopped and slumped back in our seats at the bottom of that windy canyon beside the roaring river, forty-five miles from a garage in one direction and sixty-five in the other. Our car's essences made rainbows in the puddles. We had seen almost no one on the road all day.
Letters in Canada
Authors: Woodhouse
Published: March 2013

Introductory remark by the editor of Letters in Canada.
Poetry
Authors: Brown
Published: March 2013

Reviews of poetry published in Canada in 1941.
A Preliminary Aspect of Calvin's Epistemology
Authors: Cochrane Arthur
Published: March 2013

A complete exposition of Calvin's epistemology would involve a consideration of the reformer's doctrine of revelation, including the doctrines of the Trinity, the Incarnation of the Word of God, and the Outpouring of the Holy Spirit, and then of his doctrines of Holy Scripture and Church Proclamation. In this study we are merely concerned to show how Calvin distinguished between the Christian knowledge of God and of His will and all natural knowledge of God.