bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LncRNA DLEU1 is overexpressed in premature ovarian failure and sponges miR-146b-5p to increase granulosa cell apoptosis
Authors: Zheng Caihong , Liu Shiwei , Qin Zhihong , Zhang Xiaoqian , Song Yubao
Published: November 2021

Background

miR-146b-5p has been reported to participate in premature ovarian failure (POF) in mice. However, its role in POF patients is unclear. We predicted that miR-146b-5p might interact with lncRNA DLEU1, a crucial player in ovarian cancer. We then explored the interaction between DLEU1 and miR-146b-5p.

Methods

Expression of DLEU1 and miR-146b-5p in POF and control ovary tissues was determined by RT-qPCR. The subcellular location of DLEU1 in human KGN cells was analyzed using subcellular fractionation assays. The direct interaction between DLEU1 and miR-146b-5p was analyzed using RNA pull-down assays. The role of DLEU1 in miR-146a expression was analyzed using overexpression assay. Cell proliferation was analyzed using cell apoptosis assay.

Results

Increased DLEU1 expression and decreased miR-146b-5p expression were observed in POF. DLEU1 directly interacted with MiR-146b-5p and was expressed in both nuclear and cytoplasm samples of KGN cells. In KGN cells, DLEU1 and miR-146b-5p failed to regulate the expression of each other. However, DLEU1 promoted cell apoptosis and reduced the inhibitory effects of miR-146b-5p on cell apoptosis.

Conclusions

DLEU1 is overexpressed in POF and sponges miR-146b-5p to increase KGN cell apoptosis.
Preferred leadership style, managerial and entrepreneurial inclination among Hungarian students
Authors: Perpék Éva , Győri Ágnes , Lengyel György
Published: November 2021

Although a great deal of research has been done on leadership styles, and university students have often been the subject of exploratory research in social sciences, the Full Range Leadership model has been applied to young people only in a few instances. In this article, the authors seek to survey the preferred leadership styles among Hungarian students and explore how they correlate with managerial and entrepreneurial inclination. A complex analysis of leadership style preferences of university students combined with their managerial and entrepreneurial inclination, social and cultural resources is rare in the research practice so far. The online questionnaire used in the research was completed by 335 university students studying economics, engineering and social studies both in Budapest and in the country. The questionnaire was completed by 335 university students. The results are exploratory and they amend the existing leadership typologies at some points. Based on the results of the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire featuring 36 self-rating items, four distinct leadership styles emerged within the target group, representing the transformational, the supportive, the defensive, and the laissez-faire leadership types. The multivariate analysis has shown that while managerial inclination is related to the transformational style of leadership, entrepreneurial aspirations are associated with the transformational and supportive leadership styles.
Exploring associations between subjective well-being and personality over a time span of 15–18 months: a cohort study of adolescents in Sweden
Authors: Winzer Regina , Vaez Marjan , Lindberg Lene , Sorjonen Kimmo
Published: November 2021

Introduction

Subjective well-being (SWB) is a contributing factor for building resilience and a resource for positive outcomes, e.g. study achievement and work performance. Earlier studies have examined associations between and prospective effects of personality traits on SWB, but few addressed the role that SWB plays in formation of personality over time. The purpose of our study was to examine associations and prospective effects of SWB on personality traits and vice versa in a cohort sample of secondary school students in Sweden who completed self-reported measures of SWB and personality traits at baseline (N = 446, 76% females) and at 15–18 month follow-up (N = 283, 71% females).

Methods

SWB was defined and measured by the WHO-5 Well-being Index and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. The Big Five Inventory was used to measure personality traits. Autoregressive models were used to analyse associations and potential prospective effects of SWB on personality traits and vice versa.

Results

Low levels of neuroticism and high levels of extraversion, conscientiousness and agreeableness were associated with high levels of SWB at baseline and follow-up. The association between SWB and neuroticism was notably strong. We found high statistically significant rank order stability across the two time points for all measures of personality traits with stability effects, derived from the autoregressive models, ranging from .199 for extraversion to .440 for neuroticism. Stability for SWB was statistically significant across the two time points and ranged from .182 for well-being to .353 for life satisfaction. SWB had a prospective effect on agreeableness only. None of the personality traits had any significant prospective effects on SWB.

Conclusions

The present findings indicate that although correlated, bidirectional prospective effects between personality traits and SWB could not be confirmed. Neuroticism displayed the strongest negative association with adolescents’ SWB. Schools are an appropriate setting to improve well-being, and allocating resources that reduce neuroticism is crucial, including structural interventions, policies for healthy school settings and teaching emotional regulation techniques.
Recurrent intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct due to intraductal dissemination: a case report and literature review
Authors: Nakayama Yuki , Tomino Takahiro , Ninomiya Mizuki , Minagawa Ryosuke , Oshiro Yumi , Izumi Takuma , Taniguchi Daisuke , Hirose Kosuke , Kajiwara Yuichiro , Minami Kazuhito , Nishizaki Takashi
Published: November 2021

Background

Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (IPNB) is a subtype of biliary tumor. The 5-year survival rate of patients with IPNB who underwent curative resection is 81%. However, IPNB is known to often recur in other parts of the bile duct. Nevertheless, its mechanism remains poorly understood. Herein, we report the case of a patient with recurrent IPNB, which was considered to be attributed to intraductal dissemination in the common bile duct at 12 months after curative resection. We also made a review of the existing literature.

Case presentation

A 69-year-old man was referred to our hospital for the evaluation and dilation of an intrahepatic bile duct (IHBD) mass. Computed tomography (CT) findings confirmed a mass in the left hepatic duct. Left trisectionectomy, extrahepatic bile duct resection with biliary reconstruction, and regional lymph node dissection were performed. Intraoperative examination of the resection margin at the common bile duct and posterior segmental branch of the hepatic duct was negative for the presence of malignant cells. Histologically, the tumor showed intraductal papillary growth of the mucinous epithelium and was diagnosed as non-invasive IPNB. It had a papillary structure with atypical epithelial cells lined up along the neoplastic fibrovascular stalks. Immunohistochemically, this was as a gastric-type lesion. At 12 postoperative months, CT revealed a 1.5-cm mass in the lower remnant common bile duct. We performed subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy. The tumor exhibited papillary growth and was microscopically and immunohistochemically similar to the first tumor. At approximately 16 months after the patient’s second discharge, CT showed an abdominal mass at the superior mesenteric plexus, which was diagnosed as recurrent IPNB. Chemotherapy is ongoing, and the patient is still alive. In this case, as described in many previous reports, IPNB recurred below the primary lesion in the bile duct.

Conclusion

Based on our review of previous reports on IPNB recurrence, intraductal dissemination was considered one of the mechanisms underlying recurrence after multicentric development. Considering the high frequency and oncological conversion of recurrence in IPNB, regular follow-up examination is essential to achieve better prognosis in patients with recurrent IPNB.
Comparing the effect of in-person and virtual childbirth preparation trainings on the fear of childbirth (FOC) and pregnancy experience of pregnant women: protocol for a quasi-experimental feasibility study
Authors: Mousavi Seyedeh Robab , Amiri-Farahani Leila , Hasanpoor-Azghady Syedeh Batool , Saravi Soghra Omrani
Published: November 2021

Background

Childbirth preparation trainings are an important component of prenatal education, and pregnant women are increasingly interested in seeking information from online sources. The aim of this study is to compare the feasibility and the effects of in-person and virtual childbirth preparation training courses on the pregnancy experience, fear of childbirth (FOC), birth preference, and type of delivery among pregnant women.

Methods

In total, 165 primiparous women referring to a prenatal clinic at Milad Hospital in Tehran, will be included in this study. The subjects will be selected using the convenience sampling method and will be divided into three groups of study A, study B, and control. The study groups A and B will receive virtual and in-person childbirth training with similar content, respectively. The control group will receive only routine prenatal care. In the 18th and 20th weeks of pregnancy, the demographic information, pregnancy experience scale (PES), and version A of the Wijma delivery expectancy/experience questionnaire (WDEQ-A) will be completed, and in the 36th and 38th weeks of pregnancy, the PES and WDEQ-A questionnaires, as well as birth preference form will be completed. The type of delivery will be recorded in the first few days of postpartum.

Conclusion

This quasi-experimental clinical trial will investigate the effect of virtual childbirth preparation training on primiparous women. The expected outcomes will include the difference in pregnancy experience measured by the brief version of PES, the difference in FOC measured by WDEQ-A, the birth preference, and the type of delivery.

Trial registration

IRCT.ir: IRCT20180427039436N2;
Spillovers of US unconventional monetary policy: quantitative easing, spreads, and international financial markets
Authors: Yildirim Zekeriya , Ivrendi Mehmet
Published: November 2021

This study investigates the international spillover effects of US unconventional monetary policy (UMP)—frequently called large-scale asset purchases or quantitative easing (QE)—on advanced and emerging market economies, using structural vector autoregressive models with high-frequency daily data. Blinder (Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Rev 92(6): 465–479, 2010) argued that the QE measures primarily aim to reduce US interest rate spreads, such as term and risk premiums. Considering this argument and recent empirical evidence, we use two spreads as indicators of US UMP: the mortgage and term spreads. Based on data from 20 emerging and 20 advanced countries, our empirical findings reveal that US unconventional monetary policies significantly affect financial conditions in emerging and advanced countries by altering the risk-taking behavior of investors. This result suggests that the risk-taking channel plays an important role in transmitting the effects of these policies to the rest of the world. The extent of these effects depends on the type of QE measures. QE measures such as purchases of private sector securities that lower the US mortgage spread exert stronger and more significant spillover effects on international financial markets than those that reduce the US term spread. Furthermore, the estimated financial spillovers vary substantially across countries and between and within the emerging and advanced countries that we examine in this study.
Culturally relevant stressors as moderators of intergenerational transmission of mother-adolescent executive function in Mexican immigrant families
Authors: Kim Su Yeong , Song Jiaxiu , Wen Wen , Chen Shanting , Zhang Minyu , Yan Jinjin , Lopez Belem G. , Arredondo Maria M. , Ip Ka I.
Published: November 2021

The intergenerational transmission of executive function may be enhanced or interrupted by culturally salient environmental stressors that shape the practice of executive function in the family. Building upon past research, the current study tests whether culturally relevant stressors such as economic stress and foreigner stress have a direct effect on adolescent executive function, as well as whether they modify the intergenerational transmission of mother–child executive function (i.e., working memory, inhibitory control, and shifting) in low-income Mexican immigrant families. The sample consists of 179 Mexican American adolescents (Mage = 17.03 years; SDage = 0.83; 58% females) and their Mexico-born mothers (Mage = 43.25 years; SDage = 5.90). Results show that mothers’ perceived economic stress is associated with poor inhibitory control in adolescents. Low levels of mothers’ perceived foreigner stress related to a stronger association between mothers’ and adolescents’ working memory, while high levels of mothers’ perceived foreigner stress related to enhanced intergenerational transmission of poor shifting ability. Study findings demonstrate the prominence of perceived foreigner stress as a contextually relevant factor moderating the intergenerational transmission of mother–child executive function in low-income Mexican immigrant families.
Spontaneous apoptosis and BCL2 gene expression as predictors of early death and short overall survival in acute leukemia patients: a prospective, case cohort study
Authors: Ebian Huda F. , El-korashi Lobna A. , Embaby Ahmed , Hussien Marwa H. , Ahmed Alshymaa A.
Published: November 2021

Background

Spontaneous apoptosis and expression of MCL1, BCL2, and BCL-XL may be useful prognostic markers in acute leukemia patients. The purpose of this study is to examine the prognosis in adult leukemia patients based on spontaneous apoptosis and anti-apoptosis gene expressions in circulating leukocytes.

Results

Early, late, and total apoptosis were significantly increased in peripheral blood leukocytes from patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) compared to controls and in cases of ALL versus AML (P < 0.001). Total apoptosis decreased significantly in AML and ALL patients who died early (ED); P = 0.001 and P = 0.002, respectively. Anti-apoptosis genes MCL1, BCL2, and BCL-XL were upregulated in 62.4%, 64.2%, and 62.4% of the acute leukemia patients, respectively. Among the AML patients, the up-regulation of BCL2 was paradoxically associated with increased apoptosis and low rates of ED. The expression levels of MCL1 and BCL-XL had no significant prognostic values; among patients diagnosed with non-acute promyelocytic leukemia (non-APL-AML), total spontaneous apoptosis, expression of BCL2, and performance status were independent predictors of overall survival (OS).

Conclusion

Total spontaneous apoptosis and BCL2 gene expression may be valuable independent markers for OS in patients with non-APL-AML. Moreover, in ALL patients decreased levels of spontaneous apoptosis were associated with ED, although this was not a significant predictor of OS.
Gaussian mixture model deep neural network and its application in porosity prediction of deep carbonate reservoir
Authors: Wang Yingying , Niu Liping , Zhao Luanxiao , Wang Benfeng , He Zhiliang , Zhang Hong , Chen Dong , Geng Jianhua
Published: November 2021

To estimate the spatial distribution of porosity, model-driven or data-driven methods are usually used to establish the relationship between porosity and seismic elastic parameters. However, due to the strong heterogeneity and complex pore structures of carbonate reservoirs, porosity estimation of carbonates still represents a great challenge. The existing conventional model-driven and data-driven-based porosity estimation methods have high uncertainty. To characterize the complex statistical distribution of porosity, the nonlinear relationship between porosity and seismic elastic parameters, and the uncertainty of porosity estimation, we have used a Gaussian mixture model deep neural network (GMM-DNN) to invert porosity from seismic elastic parameters. We use a Gaussian mixture model to describe the complex distribution of porosity, and we apply a deep neural network to establish the nonlinear relationship among seismic compressional-wave (P-wave) velocity, density, and porosity. The outputs of the GMM-DNN provide an estimated probability distribution of porosity conditioned on the input seismic elastic parameters. The synthetic data example verifies the feasibility of this method. We further apply the GMM-DNN-based porosity inversion method to a deep complex carbonate reservoir in the Tarim Basin, Northwest China. The well-logging data are used to train the GMM-DNN; then, the P-wave velocity and density obtained by prestack amplitude-variation-with-offset inversion are fed into the trained network to reasonably estimate the porosity distribution of the whole target reservoir and evaluate its uncertainties.
Probabilistic finite element analysis of structures using the multiplicative dimensional reduction method
Authors: Μπαλωμένος Γεώργιος
Published: November 2021

Είναι ευρέως αποδεκτό ότι αβεβαιότητα μπορεί να υπάρξει σε πολλά προβλήματα μηχανικής, όπως στις εισαγόμενες παραμέτρους (φορτίο, γεωμετρία, ιδιότητες υλικών, κλπ.), στις εξαγόμενες παραμέτρους (μετατοπίσεις, τάσεις, κλπ.) και στην μεταξύ τους συσχέτιση. Η ανάλυση αξιοπιστίας είναι σε θέση να αντιμετωπίσει όλες αυτές τις αβεβαιότητες παρέχοντας στους μηχανικούς ακριβείς προβλέψεις σχετικά με την πιθανότητα μιας κατασκευής να συμπεριφέρεται επαρκώς (και με ασφάλεια) στις εξωτερικές φορτίσεις κατά τη διάρκεια της ζωής της.Στην πιθανοτική ανάλυση με τη χρήση των πεπερασμένων στοιχείων (FEA), χρησιμοποιούνται προσεγγιστικές μέθοδοι (όπως οι μέθοδοι σειράς Taylor) προκειμένου να υπολογιστεί ο μέσος όρος και η διακύμανση της δομικής απόκρισης, ενώ η πιθανοτική κατανομή της απόκρισης συνήθως προσεγγίζεται με βάση τη μέθοδο προσομοίωσης Monte Carlo (MCS). Αυτή η διατριβή προάγει την πιθανοτική ανάλυση με τη χρήση των πεπερασμένων στοιχείων FEA, δηλαδή μέσω μη γραμμικής στατικής και δυναμικής ανάλυσης της κατασκευής με τη χρήση αριθμητικών μεθόδων ανάλυσης, συνδυάζοντάς την με την πολλαπλασιαστική μορφή της μεθόδου μείωσης των διαστάσεων (M-DRM). Αυτός ο συνδυασμός επιτρέπει αρκετά ακριβείς εκτιμήσεις τόσο των στατιστικών παραμέτρων (μέση τιμή, τυπική απόκλιση, κλπ) όσο και την εκτίμηση της πιθανοτικής κατανομής της δομικής απόκρισης (τάση, μετατόπιση, κλπ.).Η προτεινόμενη προσέγγιση ενσωματώνεται σε δύο ευρέως γνωστά λογισμικά ανάλυσης πεπερασμένων στοιχείων, δηλαδή στο λογισμικό OpenSees χρησιμοποιώντας γλώσσα προγραμματισμού Tcl και στο λογισμικό ABAQUS χρησιμοποιώντας γλώσσα προγραμματισμού Python. Εν συνεχεία, το OpenSees χρησιμοποιείται για την ανάλυση δομών υπό σεισμική φόρτιση, όπου εκτελούνται ανελαστική στατική ανάλυση (pushover) και δυναμική ανάλυση χρησιμοποιώντας επεξεργασμένα επιταχυνσιογραφήματα από προηγούμενους σεισμούς και λαμβάνοντας υπόψη και επαναλαμβανόμενους σεισμούς. Επίσης, το ABAQUS χρησιμοποιείται για την ανάλυση δομών υπό μη γραμμική στατική φόρτωση, για συνδέσεις πλακών-υποστυλώματος από οπλισμένο σκυρόδεμα και για τοιχία πυρηνικών αντιδραστήρων από προεντεταμένο σκυρόδεμα. Αυτή η έρευνα δείχνει ότι η προτεινόμενη μέθοδος, η οποία βασίζεται σε μικρό αριθμό αναλύσεων πεπερασμένων στοιχείων, είναι αποτελεσματική, υπολογιστικά εφικτή και εύκολα εφαρμόσιμη, παρέχοντας μια εφικτή εναλλακτική λύση για την ανάλυση αξιοπιστίας (και ανάλυση ευαισθησίας) με την χρήση των πεπερασμένων στοιχείων για πραγματικά κατασκευαστικά προβλήματα (κατασκευές τρισδιάστατες και μεγάλης κλίμακας). Τα αποτελέσματα μιας τέτοιας εργασίας έχουν σημασία σε μελλοντικές μελέτες για την εκτίμηση της πιθανότητας της δομικής απόκρισης να υπερβεί ένα όριο ασφαλείας και για τον καθορισμό παραγόντων ασφάλειας που σχετίζονται με αποδεκτές πιθανότητες δομικών βλαβών.
The genome sequence of the spiny starfish, Marthasterias glacialis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Lawniczak Mara K.N. ,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: November 2021

We present a genome assembly from an individual Marthasterias glacialis (the spiny starfish; Echinodermata; Asteroidea; Forcipulatida; Asteriidae). The genome sequence is 521 megabases in span. The majority of the assembly, 99.44%, is scaffolded into 22 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled, and is 16 kb in span.
Genealogía de la cultura de masas. Crítica de la información como dominio: El caso del deporte como espectáculo
Authors: Sierra Caballero Francisco
Published: November 2021

Este artículo analiza la lógica cultural constitutiva del deporte como espectáculo, desde los planteamientos teóricos de la Economía Política de la Comunicación y enfocándose en la importancia que adquiere el deporte desde principios del pasado siglo en la construcción de la cultura espectacular y, aún hoy, en la producción de grandes eventos mediáticos como las Olimpiadas o los mundiales de fútbol que son vitales para la vida y mantenimiento de los conglomerados de medios. Con la crisis de referentes en la nueva era de masas y el cuestionamiento de los puntos de anclaje de la experiencia del sujeto moderno, los espectáculos de masas y la industria cultural proporcionarán los símbolos, rituales y significantes colectivos de uso público con los que reforzar el sentido de pertenencia y desde luego los nuevos héroes o arquetipos, inaugurándose lo que Edgar Morin denomina el síndrome del Olimpismo, esto es, la mitomanía, un recurso ideológico estratégico para la industria cultural.
Imagenes para recordar. Memorias generacionales sobre el pasado reciente en Chile.
Authors: Antezana Barrios Lorena , Sánchez Sepúlveda Juan Pablo , Silva Moreno Rocío
Published: November 2021

Tras la emisión de series ficcionales transmitidas en televisión abierta el 2013, año de la conmemoración de los 40 años del golpe de Estado en Chile, realizamos entrevistas en profundidad y grupos focales para construir los repertorios iconográficos sobre la dictadura de tres generaciones adultas de telespectadores con experiencias de vida distintas: los que vivieron el golpe de Estado, los que crecieron en dictadura y los que crecieron en democracia.
Augmented Reality and Journalism: 10 use-case analysis from television, printing and web media platforms
Authors: Tejedor Santiago , Cardona Natalia , Cervi Laura
Published: November 2021

Augmented reality has inaugurated new developments that enable the creation of content of various kinds. Based on the case study methodology, the work analyzes 10 successful experiences of using augmented reality linked to television, the press and digital media. The investigation concludes that the use of augmented reality without a journalistic purpose can harm the media.
Jóvenes y fake news. Un análisis sociodemográfico aplicado al caso andaluz
Authors: Gómez-Calderón Bernardo , Córdoba-Cabús Alba , Méndez.-Nieto Antonio
Published: November 2021

En este estudio se aborda la incidencia de las noticias falsas entre los jóvenes andaluces, a partir de un cuestionario realizado en las ocho provincias de la comunidad a individuos de entre 15 y 24 años (n=1.068). Los resultados revelan que el colectivo juvenil se encuentra intensamente expuesto a las fake news, con diferencias a veces significativas en función de las características sociodemográficas de los encuestados
Designing an Online Retail Marketplace: Leveraging Information from Sponsored Advertising
Authors: Long Fei , Jerath Kinshuk , Sarvary Miklos
Published: November 2021

This paper studies a marketplace design problem with asymmetric information where the platform jointly considers leveraging information revealed in ad auctions and setting sales commissions to maximize the joint profit from ad revenues and sales commissions.
From Noise to Bias: Overconfidence in New Product Forecasting
Authors: Feiler Daniel , Tong Jordan
Published: November 2021

We study decision behavior in the selection, forecasting, and production for a new product. In a stylized behavioral model and five experiments, we generate new insight into when and why this combination of tasks can lead to overconfidence (specifically, overestimating the demand). We theorize that cognitive limitations lead to noisy interpretations of signal information, which itself is noisy. Because people are statistically naive, they directly use their noisy interpretation of the signal information as their forecast, thereby underaccounting for the uncertainty that underlies it. This process leads to unbiased forecast errors when considering products in isolation, but leads to positively biased forecasts for the products people choose to launch due to a selection effect. We show that this selection-driven overconfidence can be sufficiently problematic that, under certain conditions, choosing the product randomly can actually yield higher profits than when individuals themselves choose the product to launch. We provide mechanism evidence by manipulating the interpretation noise through information complexity—showing that even when the information is equivalent from a Bayesian perspective, more complicated information leads to more noise, which, in turn, leads to more overconfidence in the chosen products. Finally, we leverage this insight to show that getting a second independent forecast for a chosen product can significantly mitigate the overconfidence problem, even when both individuals have the same information.

This paper was accepted by Charles Corbett, operations management.
Forecasting Skills in Experimental Markets: Illusion or Reality?
Authors: Corgnet Brice , Deck Cary , DeSantis Mark , Porter David
Published: November 2021

There is an ongoing debate regarding the degree to which a forecaster’s ability to draw correct inferences from market signals is real or illusory. This paper attempts to shed light on the debate by examining how personal characteristics do or do not affect forecaster success. Specifically, we investigate the role of fluid intelligence, manipulativeness, and theory of mind on forecast accuracy in experimental asset markets. We find that intelligence improves forecaster performance when market mispricing is low, manipulativeness improves forecaster performance when mispricing is high, and the degree to which theory of mind skills matter depends on both the level of mispricing and how information is displayed. All three of these results are consistent with hypotheses derived from the previous literature. Additionally, we observe that male forecasters outperform female forecasters after controlling for intelligence, manipulativeness, and theory of mind skills as well as risk aversion. Interestingly, we do not find any evidence that forecaster performance improves with experience across markets or within markets.

This paper was accepted by Axel Ockenfels, behavioral economics and decision analysis.
Intertemporal Product Management with Strategic Consumers: The Value of Defective Product Returns
Authors: Singh Narendra , Ramachandran Karthik , Subramanian Ravi
Published: November 2021

Problem definition: An increased incidence of quality issues, resulting in defective product returns (DPRs), is a concern for firms bringing innovative products to market. Although a firm can recover value from DPRs through refurbishing, consumers are known to act strategically in anticipation of the future availability of refurbished units. We study a firm’s strategy for offering a new product and refurbished DPRs to strategic consumers across time. Academic/practical relevance: Aided by emerging shopping tools, an increasing number of consumers consider buying refurbished versions of products rather than their new counterparts. A novel contribution of our work is the recognition of the refurbishing of DPRs as a possible solution to the time inconsistency problem that arises when a firm offers products to strategic consumers across time. We characterize how the product line decisions and profit of the firm are influenced by the defect rate, the perceived quality of refurbished DPRs, and consumers’ hassle cost of returns. Methodology: We develop a two-period game-theoretic model to characterize the firm offering the new product and refurbished DPRs to strategic consumers across time. Results: The refurbishing of DPRs helps the firm implicitly commit to limiting the quantity of the new product offered in the future, allowing the firm to charge a premium for the new product today. As a result, firm profit may even increase with the defect rate. These results persist across various model extensions. Managerial implications: Whereas the firm’s profit is the highest when there are no defects, opportunities to achieve marginal reductions in defect rates may not be worth the investment and may even be counterproductive. Also, efforts toward enhancing the perceived quality of the refurbished product or decreasing the hassle cost for consumers may better serve the firm than efforts toward marginally improving defect rates.
Organizing Entrepreneurial Teams: A Field Experiment on Autonomy over Choosing Teams and Ideas
Authors: Boss Viktoria , Dahlander Linus , Ihl Christoph , Jayaraman Rajshri
Published: November 2021

Scholars have suggested that autonomy can lead to better entrepreneurial team performance. Yet, there are different types of autonomy, and they come at a cost. We shed light on whether two fundamental organizational design choices—granting teams autonomy to (1) choose project ideas to work on and (2) choose team members to work with—affect performance. We run a field experiment involving 939 students in a lean startup entrepreneurship course over 11 weeks. The aim is to disentangle the separate and joint effects of granting autonomy over choosing teams and choosing ideas compared with a baseline treatment with preassigned ideas and team members. We find that teams with autonomy over choosing either ideas or team members outperform teams in the baseline treatment as measured by pitch deck performance. The effect of choosing ideas is significantly stronger than the effect of choosing teams. However, the performance gains vanish for teams that are granted full autonomy over choosing both ideas and teams. This suggests the two forms of autonomy are substitutes. Causal mediation analysis reveals that the main effects of choosing ideas or teams can be partly explained by a better match of ideas with team members’ interests and prior network contacts among team members, respectively. Although homophily and lack of team diversity cannot explain the performance drop among teams with full autonomy, our results suggest that self-selected teams fall prey to overconfidence and complacency too early to fully exploit the potential of their chosen idea. We discuss the implications of these findings for research on organizational design, autonomy, and innovation.

History: This paper has been accepted for the Organization Science Special Issue on Experiments in Organizational Theory.

Funding: The authors are grateful for funding from the Innovation Growth Laboratory, the Peter Curtius Foundation, and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Grant CRC TRR 190].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2021.1520 .
An overview of hand gesture recognition in degraded environments using three-dimensional integral imaging and deep neural networks
Authors: Krishnan Gokul , Joshi Rakesh , Connor Timothy O’ , Pla Filiberto , Javidi Bahram
Published: November 2021

We overview gesture recognition in degraded environments using passive three-dimensional (3D) integral imaging-based deep neural networks. The overviewed approach improves performance over conventional 2D imaging and previously reported 3D imaging-based methodologies for gesture recognition.
Three-Dimensional (3D) Model-Based Restoration for Structured Illumination Microscopy Based on a 3D Illumination Pattern
Authors: Van Cong T. S. , Preza Chrysanthe
Published: November 2021

We extend our previously developed 3D iterative model-based approach for 3D structured illumination microscopy to include a positivity constraint. We show using noisy simulations that it can provide improved restorations and 3D super resolution.
Novel spatial visual interfaces with volume holographic optical elements
Authors: Yamaguchi Masahiro
Published: November 2021

Novel spatial visual interfaces that use volume holographic optical elements are presented, such as a 3D-touch interface with a holographic light-field display, an aerial virtual image display, and a transparent camera system suitable for video communication with eye contact.
An Overview of MPEG Immersive Video
Authors: Salahieh Basel , Chen Mengyu , Boyce Jill
Published: November 2021

MPEG immersive video is an upcoming standard for data access and delivery of immersive content. A brief introduction of its encoding and decoding processes is presented along with a simplified playback implementation of it demonstrated on Intel GPUs.
Deep-UV Remote Raman Detection of Chlorine
Authors: Gallo Emanuela , Duschek Frank
Published: November 2021

Deep ultraviolet Raman spectroscopy has been performed to detect chlorine gas in a remote configuration. Several laser wavelengths were employed to observe the optimum signal-to- background ratio. Detection limits in acquisition times are discussed.
Evaluation of LIBS Technique for Rapid Determination of Total Clays in Oil Sands Ores
Authors: Harhira Aïssa , Haddad Josette El , Sabsabi Mohamad , Blouin Alain
Published: November 2021

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy is assessed to provide the quantitative total clays abundance in oil sands ores. The investigations show a promising new tool to determine oil sands mineral content without any sample preparation.
Spatio-temporal and spectrally resolved imaging analysis of hydrogen isotopes using ultrafast LIBS
Authors: Kautz Elizabeth J. , Devaraj Arun , Senor David J. , Harilal Sivanandan S.
Published: November 2021

Spectral imaging and optical time of flight measurements of nanosecond and femtosecond laser- produced Zircaloy-4 plasmas in Ar and He ambient at reduced pressure levels were employed to measure hydrogen isotopes and hydrodynamics of plume species.
Chemical Sensing Via Resonant Deferred Signal Buildup
Authors: Ariunbold Gombojav O. , Nagpal Supriya , Semon Bryan
Published: November 2021

A deferred signal buildup phenomenon in resonant ultrafast nonlinear optical processes is explored both analytically and experimentally. Its one- and two-dimensional correlation analyses are presented and potential applications in chemical sensing are discussed.
Improving Antibiotic Yield with a MicroNIR Spectrometer
Authors: Gooding Ed , Yu Pengcheng , Solutions VIAVI
Published: November 2021

The MicroNIR PAT-U, a compact NIR process spectrometer, was used to monitor biological titer, amino nitrogen, total sugar and pH in a biofermentation antibiotic production facility. Real-time process control optimized yield while significantly reducing sugar consumption and effluent waste.
High Throughput Acquisition and Analysis of Bacterial Colony Features using Gigapixel Microscopy
Authors: Sharma Sunanda , Bègue Aurélien , Doman Jed , Harfouche Mark , Horstmeyer Gregor , Horstmeyer Roarke
Published: November 2021

We utilize Gigapixel microscopy to quantify morphological features in bacterial colonies across multi-well plates. This system augments high-throughput assays by synchronously capturing valuable phenotypic information and is demonstrated here in an acquisition and analysis pipeline.
Temperature response of Fiber Bragg gratings versus distributed temperature sensitivity in fibers with different refractive index profile and germanium concentration
Authors: Statkiewicz-Barabach Gabriela , Szczupak Bogusław , Skorupski Krzysztof , Mergo Paweł
Published: November 2021

We present a solid systematic and quantitative experimental analysis of the effect of germanium concentration on FBGs and temperature sensitivity in Rayleigh-based OFDR in different fibers with a single-step and three-step refractive index profile.
Calibration method for monocular 3D imaging systems based on reference planes
Authors: Cao Lu , Yin Wei , Zuo Chao , Feng Shijie
Published: November 2021

We propose a calibration method for a monocular 3D imaging system based on the reference plane. Our idea is to use the calibration plate to approximate replace the reference plane.
Mobile pavement condition sensor based on an electro-optic dual optical frequency comb
Authors: Ruiz-Llata Marta , Lombana Marco A. , Posada-Román Julio E. , Bonilla-Manrique Oscar E. , Acedo Pablo
Published: November 2021

We propose a sensor for Advance Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) with unique properties in terms of measuring time and distance that are necessary to predict the pavement condition several meters ahead of a moving vehicle.
Optical frequency comb cavity ring-down spectroscopy using a time-resolved Fourier transform spectrometer
Authors: Dubroeucq Romain , Głuszek Aleksander , Soboń Grzegorz , Rutkowski Lucile
Published: November 2021

We show the preliminary results of cavity ring-down spectroscopy based on a near- infrared frequency comb source and retrieve the multiplexed decays using a time-resolved fast- scanning Fourier transform spectrometer.
Mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy: towards time- resolved absorption and dispersion spectroscopy in a plasma
Authors: Abbas M. A. , Harren F. J. M. , Krebbers R. , Liu N. , Dijk L.v. , Jahromi K. E. , Nematollahi M. , Khodabakhsh A.
Published: November 2021

An asymmetric time-resolved mid-infrared dual-comb spectrometer with 5 GHz spectral resolution is used to monitor the absorption and dispersion dynamics of different species and their rotational distributions within a non-thermal plasma.
Low-Photon Holographic Phase Retrieval via a Deep Decoder Neural Network
Authors: Lawrence Hannah , Barmherzig David A. , Eickenberg Michael , Gabrie Marylou
Published: November 2021

A deep decoder neural network is applied towards the enhancement of recent algorithms for holographic Coherent Diffraction Imaging (CDI). This method does not re- quire training data, and provides improved imaging given noisy low-photon CDI data.
A reconfigurable mid-infrared dual-comb spectrometer for point and remote chemical sensing
Authors: Liu Jie , Teng Chu C. , Chen Yifeng , Patrick Charles L. , Westberg Jonas , Wysocki Gerard
Published: November 2021

We present a QCL-based mid-IR dual-comb spectrometer that can be automatically reconfigured between two sensing modalities: an extractive point sensing and a remote retroreflector-based sensing. A proof-of-concept field demonstration presents its adaptability to different sensing scenarios.
3D profiles of ceramic pearls in optical trapping using 2D Legendre polynomials
Authors: Hernández J. Arriaga , Otahola B. Cuevas , García R. Ramos , Oliveros J. Oliveros
Published: November 2021

We obtain 3D profiles of objects in optical traps from image segmentation, giving place to an irradiance distribution. We recover the phase using 2D Legendre poly- nomials (2D-LP) and compare our technique with the Gerchberg-Saxton method.
Pine Cones Extract from Picea Abies as a Potential Photosensitizer for the Reactive Oxygen Species Generation
Authors: Tcibulnikova A. V. , Zemlyakova E. S. , Samusev I. G. , Bryukhanov V. V.
Published: November 2021

In this paper, the spectral features of the pine cone (Picea abies) extract in the visible and IR regions are presented. It was found that when the extract solution is excited by wavelength of 400 nm, the luminescence is observed in the red region of the spectrum at wavelengths of 670 nm and 720 nm. According to IR spectroscopy data, the phenolic acids bands are observed in the IR absorption spectrum.
A Mechanical Setup to Improve the Binding Kinetics of Absorbance-based Fiber-Optic Immunosensor
Authors: Punjabi Nirmal , Dhawangale Arvind , Khatri Anjali , Mukherji Soumyo
Published: November 2021

The response time of the fiber-optic immunosensor is diffusion-limited. A frequency- modulated vibration setup has been designed. For 15 Hz frequency, the initial response time and 75% saturation time improved by ~80% and ~40%, respectively.
Phase Retrieval using Single-Instance Deep Generative Prior
Authors: Tayal Kshitij , Manekar Raunak , Zhuang Zhong , Yang David , Kumar Vipin , Hofmann Felix , Sun Ju
Published: November 2021

Several deep learning methods for phase retrieval exist, but most of them fail on realistic data without precise support information. We propose a novel method based on single-instance deep generative prior that works well on complex-valued crystal data.
Accurate stereo vision system calibration with chromatic concentric fringe patterns
Authors: An Shiyong , Yang Hongyu , Zhou Pei , Xiao Wenfan , Zhu Jiangping , Guo Yanqiong
Published: November 2021

Camera calibration is used to determine the intrinsic and extrinsic
parameters of a 3D imaging system based on structured light.
Traditional methods like chessboard and circular dots usually employ
an intensity-based feature point detection procedure, and are
susceptible to noise, image contrast, and image blur. To address these
issues, we proposed an active calibration method to accurately detect
the centers of chromatic concentric fringe patterns (CCFP).
Specifically, we first acquired the circular phase using a phase
analysis algorithm, then extracted nine phase contours from the
circular phase for the corresponding subpixel center coordinates using
an ellipse fitting algorithm, and precisely calculated the final
center with their weighted sum. We ran a simulation and evaluated the
impacts of different degrees of Gaussian blur and noise on the
calibrated parameters. The simulation demonstrates that our approach
is more robust to noise and blur than previous ones, and our approach
yields a higher calibration accuracy. Moreover, we carried out a
comparison experiment to evaluate the performance of our method. It
showed that the reprojection error can be reduced by at least 10% in
the out-of-focus condition (i.e., the target is beyond the working
distance of the camera) and the 3D reconstruction accuracy can be
improved by nearly 10%.
Real-time Spectral Tracking Routine for Fluorescence Hyperspectral Guidance in Breast Conserving Surgery
Authors: Leiloglou Maria , Gkouzionis Ioannis , Kedrzycki Martha S. , Cartucho João , Vadzim Chalau , Darzi Ara , Leff Daniel R. , Elson Daniel S.
Published: November 2021

Fast spectral tracking routine, using simultaneous analysis of color and monochrome images, was developed and tested in phantoms. This routine could improve the efficiency of fluorescence hyperspectral imaging for breast conserving surgery guidance. © 2021 The Author(s)
Spectroscopic optical coherence tomography for early detection of colorectal cancer in a mouse model
Authors: Kendall Wesley Y. , Bordas Julianna , Jelly Evan T. , Mirminachi Babak , Joseph Abel , Roper Jatin , Wax Adam
Published: November 2021

We apply spectroscopic optical coherence tomography to assessing the disease state of tissue in mouse models of colorectal cancer. Distinct spectroscopic profiles are used to classify tumors vs. benign tissue ex vivo.
Identification of Cell Death by Quantitative Phase Imaging
Authors: Hsieh Huai-Ching , Lin Po-Ting , Sung Kung-Bin
Published: November 2021

Features about the cellular morphology and phase are extracted. Changes in each of the features are fitted by a sigmoid function. Principal component analysis results showed clear separations among normal, mitotic, apoptotic, and necrotic cells.
Applicability expansion of diffusion approximation to high-absorption medium for scattering measurement: - For noninvasive evaluation of blood turbidity using backscattered light -
Authors: Liang Shiyang , Inujima Hiroshi , Shimizu Koichi
Published: November 2021

A technique to estimate the reduced scattering coefficient from spatially resolved backscattered light was developed using the solution of diffusion approximation. However, the diffusion approximation is valid in a scattering-dominant case. An exact solution for the reduced scattering coefficient was newly obtained using the special modification factor, which expands the applicability of the diffusion approximation to the case of absorption media such as the human blood. The validity of the simulation and the applicability of the proposed technique were verified with measurements using tissue and blood-simulating turbid media.
Total-shear grating based optical diffraction tomography
Authors: Zdańkowski Piotr , Winnik Julianna , Gocłowski Paweł , Trusiak Maciej
Published: November 2021

In this contribution we propose total-shear grating-based optical diffraction tomography system. It employs Ronchi-type amplitude diffraction grating generating three-beam interferograms with achromatic second harmonic. We show the results of the measurements of 3D-printed cell phantom.
Indocyine Green (ICG) Enhanced Shortwave Infrared Fluorescence Imaging at Video Rate
Authors: Chen Cindy X. , Jelly Evan T. , Chu Kengyeh K. , Wax Adam
Published: November 2021

We present a system for ICG-enhanced fluorescence imaging in the shortwave infrared (SWIR) range. Imaging performance and validation studies performed using an in vivo mouse model, as well as broader clinical outlooks, are discussed.
Deep-learning based dual-view light-field microscopy enabling high-resolution 3D imaging of dense signals
Authors: Zhu Lanxin , Yi Chengqiang , Li Guo , Zhao Yuxuan , Fei Peng
Published: November 2021

Poor performance on reconstructing dense signals is the major weakness of light-field microscopy. We report a deep-learning-based dual-view light-field microscopy which can reconstruct highly dense signals with high resolution.
Robust Optical Autofocus System Utilizing Neural Networks Applied to Automated Multiwell Plate Storm Microscopy
Authors: Lightley J. , Görlitz F. , Kumar S. , Kalita R. , Kolbeinsson A. , Garcia E. , Alexandrov Y. , Bousgouni V. , Wysoczanski R. , Barnes P. , Donelly L. , Bakal C. , Dunsby C. , Neil M.A.A. , Flaxman S. , French P.M.W.
Published: November 2021

We present a robust, low-cost neural network-based optical autofocus system that can operate over a range of ±100µm with submicron precision, enabling automated high-content super-resolved imaging with a 1.3 NA objective lens
Bio-micro-photonic Devices Made of Amico-Acid Microstructures
Authors: Handelman Amir , Lapsker Igor , Jacob Avi , Laihtman Alexander
Published: November 2021

Here it is demonstrated that the amino acid Histidine, which self-assemble to various microstructures, could be used as a passive waveguide and as a micro-light source since it shows visible fluorescence upon heating.
Monitoring of Irrigated Lesion Formation with Single Fiber Based Multispectral System using Machine Learning
Authors: Park Soo-Young , Yang Haiqiu , Singh-Moon Rajinder P. , Hendon Christine
Published: November 2021

We developed a combined multispectral single fiber-radiofrequency ablation (RFA) catheter to evaluate irrigated lesion progression on ex vivo swine models.
Monitoring Skin Microvascular Hemodynamic Changes Using Multispectral Optoacoustic Mesoscopy
Authors: Moothanchery Mohesh , Attia Amalina Binte Ebrahim , Xiuting Li , Weng Yew Yik , Guan Steven Thng Tien , Dinish U. S. , Olivo Malini
Published: November 2021

Here we propose the use of a multispectral raster-scanning optoacoustic mesoscopy (MS-RSOM) system for noninvasive monitoring of hemodynamic changes (oxy- hemoglobin, deoxy-hemoglobin, total hemoglobin and oxygen saturation) in the skin microvasculature.
X-Ray Phase Contrast Imaging of Coronary Arteries
Authors: Ghori Inayathullah , Thapa Vikas , John Renu
Published: November 2021

High quality, real time imaging of coronary arteries in-vivo presents considerable challenges. We demonstrate the application of phase-retrieval algorithm on fluoroscopy-derived images of coronary arteries using transport of intensity equation.