bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Installation and Performance Evaluation of a Solar Steam Cooking System for 1500 Students in the Hills– A Case Study
Authors: Aggarwal R K
Published: January 2024

Community cooking is becoming costlier as the cost of cooking fuel is rising globally and impacting the environment by emitting greenhouse gasses which are responsible for global warming. India’s main cooking fuel is LPG which is being imported and is a depleting natural resource. The use of fossil fuels results in the emission of GHGs. This necessitates the harness of solar energy for community cooking. The campus receives daily horizontal solar radiation of 3.66-7.53 kWh/m2 which can be harnessed for cooking food. A solar steam cooking system consisting of 22 solar dishes has been installed at the university campus for 1500 students. This will generate heat of around 2.54 million Kcal/day and save LPG amounting to 33,600 kg/year while reducing the CO2 of 99,456 kg annually thereby mitigating climate change. Solar steam cooking will meet SDGs 7 and 13. The payback period for the solar steam cooking system will be 3 years. The cooking system meets Sustainable Development Goals7 & 13
A Study on Physical Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste of Jammu City on the basis of Socioeconomic Status of the Population
Authors: Sharma Bhawana , Mehta Pankaj , Verma Preeti
Published: January 2024

Generation of waste has been associated with humans since dawn of civilization. But in recent decades due to factors like ever increasing population, urbanization and industrialization, the amount of waste generated has spiked to enormous proportions. The composition of waste has significantly changed since plastic was first used in the middle of the 19th century. MSW management is a significant environmental concern in India. Jammu City generates an immense amount of solid waste, approximately 350–400 metric tons (MT) daily, with an individual generation rate of around 0.55 kg per day. MSW management in Jammu City is handled by the Jammu Municipal Corporation (JMC). In the city, MSW collection, transportation, and disposal are all handled by JMC. MSW of Jammu city is disposed at Kot Bhalwal which is an open landfill site. As of now no prior treatment of MSW is being done. Present study attempts to assess the current state of MSW management in Jammu city. Sampling was done in the month of July, 2022 from 15 different wards classified in the basis of socioeconomic status and physical characterization of MSW was conducted. This paper analyzes the results obtained from physical characteristics of MSW from three diverse socioeconomic groups HIG, MIG and LIG. This would help in understanding the waste generation pattern of different socioeconomic groups. MSW from MIG contains large proportion of organic matter (55%) and is thus suitable for composting and bio-methanation, however MSW collected from HIG locality contain high proportion of inorganic materials like paper/cardboard, plastic, polythene and textile waste and therefore it is suitable for Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) facility. MSW from Jammu city also contain high fraction of inert waste (20% to 45%). Inert waste can be easily disposed but when it is mixed with MSW it increases the volume and weight of total MSW and therefore increase the difficulty if MSW management. This study also explores the alternative approaches to MSWM in Jammu city. Data generated by present study will be beneficial to JMC for designing future course of action for management of MSW of Jammu City.
Reservations About Safety
Authors: Stone Tom
Published: January 2024

There are 326 Indian reservations across the USA, federally recognized as the homelands of tribal peoples. While this affords protected land and identity, it doesn’t guarantee road safety. Now with lives being lost at alarming rate on a stretch of US-97 on the Yakama Indian Reservation in Washington State, tribal leaders are taking action… deploying new technology from a local startup and capturing the vital data necessary to take advantage of the new era of infrastructure funding in the USA, as Tom Stone and Jack Roper discover
All Hail!
Authors: Dyson Lauren
Published: January 2024

After years of planning, the UK’s first fully autonomous bus service has launched in Scotland. It’s being billed as the world’s most ambitious and complex autonomous bus pilot, and could pave the way towards safer, more reliable, efficient and accessible public transportation. Lauren Dyson talks to the experts overseeing critical testing
Refocus criterion from image-plane speckle correlation in digital holographic interferometry
Authors: Sjödahl Mikael , Picart Pascal
Published: January 2024

In digital holography and holographic interferometry, refocusing to the correct image plane can be challenging and may be obtained by various metrics. This paper proposes a digital refocus approach utilizing the linear relationship between in-plane speckle motion and defocus as a response to an induced phase gradient. The theory based on cross-correlations between pairs of intensity images reconstructed at different distances from the recording plane is discussed. Two simple metrics, based on the cross-correlation properties of the reconstructed speckle images, are proposed and evaluated utilizing both simulations and experiments. Experiments exhibit similar trends in which the estimate of the correct reconstruction distance differs by a small amount between the two metrics. The difference is found less than 1% in the estimate of the true reconstruction distance. The results show that either metric is able to yield a sufficient reconstruction distance for the reconstruction of the image plane.
SERS detection of volatile gas in spoiled pork with the Ag/MoS2 nano-flower cavity/PVDF micron-bowl cavity (FIB) substrate
Authors: Pan Jie , Yi Xuefei , Shao Mingrui , Ji Chang , Pei Zhiyang , Zhao Xiaofei , Yu Jing , Si Haipeng , Li Zhen , Zhang Chao
Published: January 2024

Putrescine and cadaverine are significant volatile indicators used to assess the degree of food spoilage. Herein, we propose a micro-nano multi cavity structure for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to analyze the volatile gas putrescine and cadaverine in decomposing food. The MoS2 nano-flowers are inserted into a PVDF micro-cavity through in-situ growth, followed by vacuum evaporation technology of Ag nanoparticles to form an Ag/MoS2 nano-flower cavity/PVDF micron-bowl cavity (FIB) substrate. The micro-nano multi cavity structure can improve the capture capacity of both light and gas, thereby exhibiting high sensitivity (EF = 7.71 × 107) and excellent capability for gas detection of 2-naphthalenethiol. The SERS detections of the putrescine and cadaverine are achieved in the spoiled pork samples with the FIB substrate. Therefore, this substrate can provide an efficient, accurate, and feasible method for the specific and quantitative detection in the food safety field.
Microwave optical limiting via an acoustic field in a diamond mechanical resonator
Authors: Ghaderi Goran Abad Mohsen , Mahmoudi Mohammad
Published: January 2024

We investigate the generation and control of the reverse saturable absorption (RSA) and optical limiting (OL) at microwave (mw) range in high-Q single-crystal diamond mechanical resonator (DMR) embedded with many nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. The strain-induced acoustic modes enable mechanical manipulation of NV centers. On the basis of strain-coupling mechanism, it is shown that the saturable absorption (SA) switches to the RSA by applying the acoustic field, leading to induce the OL in the diamond through the cross-Kerr effect. We demonstrate that the OL characteristics such as, threshold, efficiency, and dynamic range can be controlled by changing either the intensity or frequency of the acoustic field. Moreover, we show that this optical limiter can amplify noiselessly the low intensity of the mw field input to the sensors and also attenuate any gain-induced noise and increase in the intensity of the mw field if it exceeds the intensity threshold. In addition, it is shown that by increasing either the number of NV centers or length of the diamond, the optical limiter can be more efficient. The physical mechanism of the OL establishment is explained using the analytical expressions, which are in good agreement with the numerical results. Our proposed acoustic-induced optical limiter can be a scheme for protecting different optical and electronic devices in mw range, remote sensing, navigation, communications, microwave heating and thermo/laser therapy.
Optical proximity correction of hot-spot patterns with subwavelength size in DMD maskless projection lithography
Authors: Guo Xu , Chen Jing-Tao , Zhao Yuan-Yuan , Cai Shun-Cheng , Duan Xuan-Ming
Published: January 2024

When the critical dimension (CD) of resist patterns nears the resolution limit of the digital micromirror device (DMD) maskless projection lithography (DMD-MPL), significant distortion can emerge in the silicon wafer due to the optical proximity effect (OPE). The significant distortion (breakpoints, line-end scaling, corner rounding, etc.) between resist patterns and target patterns results in reduced lithographic quality. To address this issue, we have proposed a pixel-based optical proximity correction (PB-OPC) method used for the hot-spot patterns with subwavelength sizes specifically designed for DMD-MPL. Employing an end-to-end learning neural network, the PB-OPC algorithm is both straightforward and efficient. A well-trained U-net framework facilitates the mapping from unoptimized masks to optimized masks. Experimental exposure trials have demonstrated that this method not only corrects OPC in general patterns but also effectively rectifies hot-spot patterns. The pattern error (PE) value can be reduced by about 30% in the design layouts. We believe this approach holds the potential to enhance the resolution and fidelity of resist patterns in DMD maskless lithography.
The lymphatic filariasis treatment study landscape: A systematic review of study characteristics and the case for an individual participant data platform
Authors: Freitas Luzia T. , Khan Mashroor Ahmad , Uddin Azhar , Halder Julia B. , Singh-Phulgenda Sauman , Raja Jeyapal Dinesh , Balakrishnan Vijayakumar , Harriss Eli , Rahi Manju , Brack Matthew , Guérin Philippe J. , Basáñez Maria-Gloria , Kumar Ashwani , Walker Martin , Srividya Adinarayanan
Published: January 2024

Background

Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) targeted by the World Health Organization for elimination as a public health problem (EPHP). Since 2000, more than 9 billion treatments of antifilarial medicines have been distributed through mass drug administration (MDA) programmes in 72 endemic countries and 17 countries have reached EPHP. Yet in 2021, nearly 900 million people still required MDA with combinations of albendazole, diethylcarbamazine and/or ivermectin. Despite the reliance on these drugs, there remain gaps in understanding of variation in responses to treatment. As demonstrated for other infectious diseases, some urgent questions could be addressed by conducting individual participant data (IPD) meta-analyses. Here, we present the results of a systematic literature review to estimate the abundance of IPD on pre- and post-intervention indicators of infection and/or morbidity and assess the feasibility of building a global data repository.

Methodology

We searched literature published between 1st January 2000 and 5th May 2023 in 15 databases to identify prospective studies assessing LF treatment and/or morbidity management and disease prevention (MMDP) approaches. We considered only studies where individual participants were diagnosed with LF infection or disease and were followed up on at least one occasion after receiving an intervention/treatment.

Principal findings

We identified 138 eligible studies from 23 countries, having followed up an estimated 29,842 participants after intervention. We estimate 14,800 (49.6%) IPD on pre- and post-intervention infection indicators including microfilaraemia, circulating filarial antigen and/or ultrasound indicators measured before and after intervention using 8 drugs administered in various combinations. We identified 33 studies on MMDP, estimating 6,102 (20.4%) IPD on pre- and post-intervention clinical morbidity indicators only. A further 8,940 IPD cover a mixture of infection and morbidity outcomes measured with other diagnostics, from participants followed for adverse event outcomes only or recruited after initial intervention.

Conclusions

The LF treatment study landscape is heterogeneous, but the abundance of studies and related IPD suggest that establishing a global data repository to facilitate IPD meta-analyses would be feasible and useful to address unresolved questions on variation in treatment outcomes across geographies, demographics and in underrepresented groups. New studies using more standardized approaches should be initiated to address the scarcity and inconsistency of data on morbidity management.
Application of in-silico drug discovery techniques to discover a novel hit for target-specific inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro’s revealed allosteric binding with MAO-B receptor: A theoretical study to find a cure for post-covid neurological disorder
Authors: Zaki Magdi E. A. , AL-Hussain Sami A. , Al-Mutairi Aamal A. , Samad Abdul , Masand Vijay H. , Ingle Rahul G. , Rathod Vivek Digamber , Gaikwad Nikita Maruti , Rashid Summya , Khatale Pravin N. , Burakale Pramod V. , Jawarkar Rahul D.
Published: January 2024

Several studies have revealed that SARS-CoV-2 damages brain function and produces significant neurological disability. The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, which causes COVID-19, may infect the heart, kidneys, and brain. Recent research suggests that monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) may be involved in metabolomics variations in delirium-prone individuals and severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. In light of this situation, we have employed a variety of computational to develop suitable QSAR model using PyDescriptor and genetic algorithm-multilinear regression (GA-MLR) models (R2 = 0.800–793, Q2LOO = 0.734–0.727, and so on) on the data set of 106 molecules whose anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity was empirically determined. QSAR models generated follow OECD standards and are predictive. QSAR model descriptors were also observed in x-ray-resolved structures. After developing a QSAR model, we did a QSAR-based virtual screening on an in-house database of 200 compounds and found a potential hit molecule. The new hit’s docking score (-8.208 kcal/mol) and PIC50 (7.85 M) demonstrated a significant affinity for SARS-CoV-2’s main protease. Based on post-covid neurodegenerative episodes in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s-like disorders and MAO-B’s role in neurodegeneration, the initially disclosed hit for the SARS-CoV-2 main protease was repurposed against the MAO-B receptor using receptor-based molecular docking, which yielded a docking score of -12.0 kcal/mol. This shows that the compound that inhibits SARS-CoV-2’s primary protease may bind allosterically to the MAO-B receptor. We then did molecular dynamic simulations and MMGBSA tests to confirm molecular docking analyses and quantify binding free energy. The drug-receptor complex was stable during the 150-ns MD simulation. The first computational effort to show in-silico inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro and allosteric interaction of novel inhibitors with MAO-B in post-covid neurodegenerative symptoms and other disorders. The current study seeks a novel compound that inhibits SAR’s COV-2 Mpro and perhaps binds MAO-B allosterically. Thus, this study will enable scientists design a new SARS-CoV-2 Mpro that inhibits the MAO-B receptor to treat post-covid neurological illness.
Refinement of the motorised laminectomy-assisted rat spinal cord injury model by analgesic treatment
Authors: Vijayakumar Sreelatha Harikrishnan , Palekkodan Hamza , Fasaludeen Ansar , K. Krishnan Lissy , Abelson Klas S. P.
Published: January 2024

Usage and reporting of analgesia in animal models of spinal cord injury (SCI) have been sparse and requires proper attention. The majority of experimental SCI research uses rats as an animal model. This study aimed to probe into the effects of some commonly used regimens with NSAIDs and opioids on well-being of the rats as well as on the functional outcome of the model. This eight-week study used forty-two female Wistar rats (Crl: WI), randomly and equally divided into 6 treatment groups, viz. I) tramadol (5mg/kg) and buprenorphine (0.05mg/kg); II) carprofen (5mg/kg) and buprenorphine (0.05mg/kg); III) carprofen (5mg/kg); IV) meloxicam (1mg/kg) and buprenorphine (0.05mg/kg); V) meloxicam (1mg/kg); and VI) no analgesia (0.5 ml sterile saline). Buprenorphine was administered twice daily whereas other treatments were given once daily for five days post-operatively. Injections were given subcutaneously. All animals underwent dental burr-assisted laminectomy at the T10-T11 vertebra level. A custom-built calibrated spring-loaded 200 kilodynes force deliverer was used to induce severe SCI. Weekly body weight scores, Rat Grimace Scale (RGS), and dark-phase home cage activity were used as markers for well-being. Weekly Basso Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) scores served as markers for functionality together with Novel Object Recognition test (NOR) at week 8 and terminal histopathology using area of vacuolisation and live neuronal count from the ventral horns of spinal cord. It was concluded that the usage of analgesia improved animal wellbeing while having no effects on the functional aspects of the animal model in comparison to the animals that received no analgesics.
Advancing Fistula Thrombectomy: The Role of Central Venous Access
Authors: Stibbs Peter , Tobari Adnan
Published: January 2024

Central Venous Access (CVA) has progressively emerged as a viable alternative to conventional direct access methodsin the domain of fistula thrombectomy. This access methodology offers a potential alternative to direct fistula andgraft puncture, enhancing the procedural dynamics and possibly mitigating some associated complications and devicelimitations. The ensuing article explores the possible advantages and alternative applications of employing CentralVenous Access in fistula thrombectomy procedures. The deliberation underscores the criticality of access site selection,the ensuing flow dynamics, possible implications on infection rates, and the opportunistic utilization of larger borethrombectomy devices.
Síndrome de CLOVES. Primer Caso reportado en Colombia.
Authors: Penagos Ruiz Johana Katerine , Agamez Diaz Adriana Isabel , Ruiz Pérez Ornella , Palacio Conrado Zaryla Esther , González Torresa Henry J.
Published: January 2024

Antecedentes: El síndrome CLOVES es un trastorno genético, no hereditario y poco común que se caracteriza por un sobrecrecimiento de cualquier parte del cuerpo, malformaciones vasculares, defectos óseos y cambios en la coloración de la piel. Reporte de caso: se presenta un caso clínico de Síndrome de CLOVES en Barranquilla (Colombia). Paciente femenino de diez y nueve meses procedente de Venezuela, sin valoraciones previas por especialistas en país de origen ni de residencia. Acude por primera vez por cuadro de intolerancia a la vía oral, en dicha valoración se observan las lesiones de sobrecrecimiento. Se da manejo médico y egreso por no afiliación a Empresa Prestadora de Servicios de Salud. Tres meses después con el apoyo del grupo interdisciplinario de anomalías vasculares complejas (GIAV) en Buenos Aires, (Argentina), se hace el diagnóstico clínico de síndrome de CLOVES. Se programó junta de especialidades para iniciar tratamiento. La paciente fallece 3 días antes de la junta por complicaciones asociadas a gastroenteritis y deshidratación. Conclusiones: En el caso presentado se trata de una paciente con sobrecrecimiento de los miembros a temprana edad y presenta complicaciones gastrointestinales en varias ocasiones de las cuales no se puede establecer relación directa con el síndrome. El diagnostico se realizó gracias a la colaboración del GIAV del Hospital Garrahan, quienes confirman que la paciente cumplía todos los criterios clínicos. No se logró realizar intervenciones terapéuticas especificas por problemas de disponibilidad del servicio de salud teniendo desenlace fatal 3 meses posteriores al diagnostico
Fístula Traqueoesofágica por Ingesta de Pila de Botón ¿Manejo Conservador?
Authors: Guerra Rodríguez Arturo Emilio , Medellín Vázquez Manuel Alfredo , Treviño Alvarado Jesús Eduardo , Zapata Castilleja Carlos Alberto , Martínez Flores José Guillermo
Published: January 2024

Antecedentes: La ingesta de cuerpos extraños es un motivo de consulta frecuente en pediatría. Las complicaciones derivadas de este evento varían según el objeto ingerido. En el caso específico de la ingestión de una pila de botón, puede provocar daño directo en las estructuras del sistema digestivo, desde quemaduras en la mucosa hasta perforación y lesiones en estructuras adyacentes. Reporte de caso: Presentamos el caso de una niña de 2 años y 10 meses de edad, con antecedente de ingesta de una pila de botón de 8 días de evolución. Como consecuencia secundaria, desarrolló una fístula traqueoesofágica de 20 mm de diámetro. Se decidió seguir un enfoque conservador, el cual resultó en una resolución completa de la lesión mediante el cierre espontáneo.
Conclusiones: La ingestión de una pila de botón puede ocasionar lesiones severas debido a las propiedades particulares del objeto, las cuales dañan directamente la mucosa digestiva en el lugar de impacto. Es fundamental evaluar cada caso individualmente, considerando el tiempo transcurrido desde la ingestión y el lugar de impacto, para determinar el enfoque de manejo más adecuado para cada paciente.
Caracterización de la enfermedad de Chagas aguda en pacientes pediátricos atendidos en el Hospital Regional de la Orinoquía entre 2015 y 2020
Authors: Holguin Barrera Monica Liseth , García Agudelo Lorena , Mendoza Cacares María Angélica , Vargas Rodríguez Ledmar
Published: January 2024

Introducción: La enfermedad de Chagas es causada por un parásito protozoario llamado Trypanosoma cruzi, fue descubierto en Brasil por Carlos Chagas.
Objetivo: Caracterizar la enfermedad de Chagas en población pediátrica atendida en un hospital de tercer nivel en la Orinoquía Colombiana.
Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, en el cual se incluyeron pacientes atendidos en el periodo 2015-2020, menores de 18 años, con diagnóstico de Chagas. Se registró una base datos, se realizó análisis univariado a las variables del estudio.
Resultados: En total se incluyeron 28 niños que cumplían con los criterios de selección, el promedio de edad fue 6.98 ± 5.4 años, el 60,72 % eran de sexo femenino, el 96,43 % eran residentes en zona urbana, el 42,86 % eran pacientes asintomáticos. El tratamiento ordenado en todos los pacientes fue de acuerdo con las indicaciones de las guías establecidas por el Instituto Nacional de Salud.
Conclusiones: La enfermedad de Chagas es una enfermedad presente en América Latina, su presentación en la edad pediátrica varía, suele ser una patología asintomática o debutar con síntomas inespecíficos, lo cual dificulta su diagnóstico y por consiguiente un tratamiento oportuno. Hacer el diagnóstico de infección por T. cruzi en su etapa aguda es importante para prevenir posibles complicaciones futuras, se deben establecer, conocer y socializar las rutas de atención, en especial en áreas endémicas o cuando provienen de ellas.
Enterocolitis necrotizante en un recién nacido a término hijo de madre con VIH, atendido en unidad de cuidado intensivo neonatal, de un hospital de tercer nivel en el Departamento del Tolima, Colombia
Authors: Arias Penagos Martha Letty , Gomez Vasco Jose David , Villalobos Iván Alejandro
Published: January 2024

Antecedentes: La enterocolitis necrotizante (ECN) es un trastorno intestinal grave que afecta principalmente a los recién nacidos prematuros o gravemente enfermos. Se caracteriza por necrosis de la mucosa intestinal, que puede dar lugar a complicaciones graves. Reporte de caso: Este estudio de caso se trata de un recién nacido a término con varios factores de riesgo para desarrollar ECN, entre ellos bajo peso al nacer y alto riesgo de transmisión vertical del VIH por infección de la madre. La madre, de 36 años, tenía antecedentes de VIH, pero no recibió terapia antirretroviral durante el embarazo. Además, solo asistió a dos controles prenatales durante todo el embarazo. El bebé nació por cesárea debido a la enfermedad infecciosa de la madre y la presentación de nalgas. Después de ingresar al hospital, el bebé recibió fórmula especial para bebés prematuros, pero al octavo día de alimentación enteral, el bebé desarrolló signos de ECN. Conclusiones: Es importante señalar que los tratamientos con zidovudina en recién nacidos aumentan el riesgo de desarrollar ECN, especialmente si se administran por vía oral. Las evaluaciones clínicas y radiológicas periódicas son críticas para los pacientes diagnosticados con ECN, y se debe brindar un manejo médico oportuno y adecuado para cada caso.
Impulsando la excelencia investigativa en pediatría a través de la modalidad colaborativa supervisada: un enfoque innovador en la formación en investigación de posgrado.
Authors: Ramirez Varela Andrea , Piñeros Juan Gabriel , Baquero Olga Lucía , Mejía Luz Marina , Mesa-Rubio María Lucía , Restrepo-Gualteros Sonia , Naranjo Vanegas Melisa Sofía , Cordoba María Adelaida , Acero Rafael
Published: January 2024

Los residentes de los programas médico-quirúrgicos del país se ven confrontados por desafíos notables al emprender sus tesis de grado. Entre estas dificultades destacan la constante presión temporal debido a sus apretadas agendas clínicas, la necesidad de adquirir destrezas de investigación, la complejidad en el acceso a recursos especializados y la carencia de una orientación adecuada. Por ende, es imperativo abordar estas barreras sistémicas y proporcionar un ambiente de apoyo que habilite a los residentes a superar estos desafíos y desarrollar sus competencias en investigación clínica de manera exitosa.
Los programas de Posgrado de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de los Andes se destacan por su enfoque en el desarrollo de competencias esenciales para la práctica médica especializada, haciendo hincapié en el aprendizaje basado en la práctica y mejora continua. La investigación se integra en la formación, con la obligación de efectuar investigaciones como parte del trabajo de grado. La investigación colaborativa supervisada es un modelo que involucra a residentes en proyectos compartidos, promoviendo la interacción entre estudiantes, profesores y hospitales asociados con el objeto de generar investigaciones científicas de alto impacto en salud.
Este artículo de opinión describe las primeras experiencias de éxito de la modalidad colaborativa supervisada en el Departamento de Pediatría de la Universidad de los Andes. Esta iniciativa busca inspirar y guiar futuras investigaciones y programas educativos en el campo de la salud, ofreciendo un marco valioso para generar conocimiento y abordar los desafíos en la práctica médica, contribuyendo así al avance científico en el ámbito médico.
The Impact of Egocentric Parenting Patterns on Children in Egocentric Novel by Sahid Muhammad
Authors: Salsabila Salsabila Dwi Nurkhafifah , Nadhifah Ainun , Kurniawan Eva Dwi
Published: January 2024

This research was conducted to determine the impact of parents who have an egocentric nature and the parenting patterns used by children to see school counseling guidance on mothers and fathers in inappropriate and egocentric parenting patterns on children so that at least children can choose or take the results they want. always chosen by parents. The research method used is a narrative method using a qualitative approach. Then technique collection of relevant data with method library data collection, reading, recording and managing material study. Deep data analysis research This use data reduction is conclude the data so researcher know step in research. The results of this research are that there are still some parents who apply inappropriate parenting patterns, mothers and fathers with an egocentric nature will make children unable to make decisions because children are not allowed to choose. What children like. So it can be concluded that if the good and bad of a child's character is seen from the parenting style carried out by the mother and father at home, then it is necessary to provide direction in the form of parenting patterns with counseling guidance to the students' parents at school.
Tradeoffs in the Power of Regulatory Regimes
Authors: Weisman Dennis L.
Published: January 2024

Performance-based regulation (PBR) has recently experienced increased popularity in North America and Europe. The genesis for this renewed interest in PBR is the potential to strengthen the regulated firm’s incentives for efficiency relative to traditional rate-of-return regulation. The strength of these incentives is referred to as the power of the regulatory regime (PRR). The PRR depends on the share of the efficiency gains retained by the regulated firm and the length of time that it retains them before being appropriated by the regulator acting as a surrogate for competition. Nonetheless, there are tradeoffs in the design of PBR plans that can render it inferior to traditional earning-based regulation in terms of incentive power. This may explain why the empirical evidence on the performance of PBR is best characterized as “mixed.”
Fractalkine modulates pulmonary angiogenesis and tube formation by modulating CX3CR1 and growth factors in PVECs
Authors: Liao Jun , Yang Xianwu , Yang Jiejie , Xiao Jingjing , Liu Xuyang , Zhuo Yingquan , Yang Jiafei , Gu Huajian
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to investigate effects of pulmonary fractalkine (FKN/CX3CL1) on angiogenesis and tube formation. Tube forming capability of pulmonary vascular endothelial cells (PVECs) was evaluated. CCK-8 assay was used to evaluate proliferation of PVECs. RT-PCR assay was used to determine angiogenesis specific biomarkers. Western blot was applied to identify CX3CR1, Akt, phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), Erk1/2, phosphorylated Erk1/2 (p-Erk1/2), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. VEGF-A and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) levels were examined using ELISA. FKN was safe and triggered tube formation in PVECs. FKN significantly enhanced VEGF-A, PDGF, and iNOS gene transcription compared to the Control group (p < 0.05). CX3CR1 interfering (LV5-CX3CR1 shRNA) remarkably reduced CX3CR1 expression compared to those in LV5 blank group (p < 0.05). Ratios of p-Akt/Akt and p-Erk/Erk were significantly decreased in CX3CR1 shRNA-treated PVECs administered Akt inhibitor (or Erk inhibitor) and 10 ng/mL FKN compared to CX3CR1 shRNA-treated PVECs administered 10 ng/mL FKN (p < 0.05). FKN increased VEGF-A and iNOS expression through activating Akt/Erk pathway. FKN promoted VEGF-A/iNOS expression and triggered p-Akt/Akt and p-Erk/Erk pathway through modulating CX3CR1. FKN-treated macrophages enhanced activation of Akt/Erk pathway. FKN-treated macrophages enhanced PDGF and VEGF-1 expression in PVECs. FKN modulated pulmonary angiogenesis and tube formation through modulating CX3CR1 and growth factors and activating p-Akt/Akt and p-Erk/Erk signaling pathway.
A Look at What is Lost: Combining Bibliographic and Corpus Data to Study Clichés of Translation
Authors: Buts Jan , Malaymar Deniz
Published: January 2024

This article presents the results of a corpus-assisted study focused on the expressionlost in translationin a corpus of English-language online newspapers (NOW), and in two scholarly bibliographic databases (BITRA and SCOPUS). On the surface, the phrase may seem to indicate negative perceptions of translation practice. However, a study of several hundred occurrences of the cliché paints a more complex picture involving a variety of communicative practices and settings. Many occurrences of the phrase address, for instance, broader issues of cultural and interpersonal misunderstanding. In such cases, the perceived failure to establish a meaningful connection can often be ascribed to the absence of attempts at mediation or transmission, thus signalling recognition that the greatest losses occur not because of, but by lack of translation. In addition, the data indicate thatlost in translation’s varied usage patterns can be understood in terms of two competing metaphorical frames, namely one of transportation and one of orientation: in translation, one can lose something, but one can just as well get lost. The implications of both metaphorical mappings are further addressed with reference to the issue of visibility, and to discussions about the proper scope of translation studies research.
Picture perfect: the science behind mental imagery for peak performance & best practices for mental imagery protocols in sport
Authors: Janjigian Kiersten
Published: January 2024

Previous literature has established theories that suggest that mental imagery of a motor task is beneficial to performance. Other variables held constant, individuals tend to perform better after using mental imagery, especially that which follows the PETTLEP model, mimicking real experience with the involvement of all sensory modalities and emotions. Psychological data suggest imagery’s effect on performance may be mediated by internal emotions and cognitions, such as confidence, arousal, and concentration. Physiological data suggests imagery primes and activates muscles similar to actual execution of a motor event. Neurological data suggest imagery activates similar regions in the brain as executing an actual motor event, and like the muscles, primes the brain by strengthening neural pathways for efficient movement. With this theoretical backing, the present report explored the effectiveness of mental imagery from an applied sport psychology, psychophysiological and cognitive motor neuroscience lens. The following scientific findings and suggestions inform the aspiring athlete or established elite athlete on how to structure his or her mental imagery program, with actionable protocols to facilitate psychomotor refinement and peak performance. An example imagery script is included.
Study on the radiotherapy effect and serum neutral granulocyte lymphocyte ratio and inflammatory factor expression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Wu LiPing , He JianPing , Zheng YuQing , Li Yang
Published: January 2024

Purpose

To compare target area delineation schemes in intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) effect on patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods

A total of 88 NPC patients received IMRT and were assigned into control group (n = 44) and observation group (n = 44) based on MRI and CT imaging. In the control group, the treatment range was determined as the clinical target volume (CTV) as the gross tumor volume (GTV) + 5 mm. In the observation group, high-risk target areas CTVp1 was GTVp + 5 mm, lymphatic drainage area CTVn1 was GTVn + 5 mm, medium-risk CTVp2 was CTVp1 + 5 mm margin + the whole nasopharyngeal area, CTVn2 was CTVn1 + 5 mm. Radiotherapy treatment course was 6–8 weeks, four times a week.

Results

The observation group had higher total effective rate, with fewer complications. Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels were lower after radiotherapy in both groups compared to before radiotherapy, with the observation group demonstrating lower levels than the control group. The effective group exhibited lower serum NLR, IL-6, and TNF-α compared to the non-effective group. T stage, target location, serum NLR, IL-6, and TNF-α were risk factors for the effect of radiotherapy.

Conclusions

Serum NLR, IL-6, and TNF-α have predictive significance for radiotherapy effect.
Generic characterization method for nano-gratings using deep-neural-network-assisted ellipsometry
Authors: Jiang Zijie , Gan Zhuofei , Liang Chuwei , Li Wen-Di
Published: January 2024

As a non-destructive and rapid technique, optical scatterometry has gained widespread use in the measurement of film thickness and optical constants. The recent advances in deep learning have presented new and powerful approaches to the resolution of inverse scattering problems. However, the application of deep-neural-network-assisted optical scatterometry for nanostructures still faces significant challenges, including poor stability, limited functionalities, and high equipment requirements. In this paper, a novel characterization method is proposed, which employs deep-neural-network-assisted ellipsometry to address these challenges. The method processes ellipsometric angles, which are measured by basic ellipsometers, as functional signals. A comprehensive model is developed to profile nano-gratings fabricated by diverse techniques, by incorporating rounded corners, residual layers, and optical constants into an existing model. The stability of the model is enhanced by implementing several measures, including multiple sets of initial values and azimuth-resolved measurements. A simple compensation algorithm is also introduced to improve accuracy without compromising efficiency. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can rapidly and accurately characterize nano-gratings fabricated by various methods, with relative errors of both geometric and optical parameters well controlled under 5 %. Thus, the method holds great promise to serve as an alternative to conventional characterization techniques for in-situ measurement.
Research on damage evolution mechanisms under compressive and tensile tests of plain weave SiCf/SiC composites using in situ X-ray CT
Authors: Wu Jiangxing , Wang Hanhuan , Gao Yantao , Sun Lijuan
Published: January 2024

To investigate the damage evolution and failure mechanisms of fiber-reinforced composite materials under complex conditions, this study conducted in situ X-ray computed tomography (CT) compression and tensile tests on plain weave two-dimensional woven SiC/SiC composite materials. The obtained CT in situ image data captured the behavior of materials during loading and after failure. Using the image reconstruction of CT data, the actual microstructure and damage evolution of the material under six consecutive loading levels were accurately revealed. Three-dimensional visualization models of the composite material were established using image processing software to analyze the damage evolution under compression and tension, and the failure mechanisms were compared. The results showed that the compression and tension failure mechanisms of SiC/SiC composite materials were similar, with the transverse cracking of the matrix being the first mode of damage, followed by delamination between layers and longitudinal matrix cracking of fiber bundles. Specifically, in terms of compression failure, the strength of the fiber bundle itself has a greater influence, and fiber fracture is the main cause of ultimate material failure. On the other hand, the primary cause of tensile failure is the presence of porosity defects generated during material fabrication. Consequently, the tensile material fails earlier and can withstand lower loads.
Greek Literary Papyri in Context: Methodological Issues and Research Perspectives
Authors: Maltomini Francesca , Perrone Serena
Published: January 2024

Literary papyri are not just bearers of the texts they preserve, but also material witnesses to the circulation and readership of literature in Graeco-Roman Egypt. As such, they may shed some light on the production practices and functions of these copies: on their scribes, their readers, their uses and reuses in different contexts. Only recently has a full awareness of the importance of these aspects been achieved and, even though attempts at contextualising literary fragments often prove problematic in many ways, the potential rewards of a holistic approach to literary papyri can still be analysed and exploited.
Recto and Verso in Bookrolls of Menander
Authors: Carlesimo Roberta
Published: January 2024

Of the 66 papyri that certainly preserve sections of Menander’s comedies, 40 are fragments of bookrolls. Given the significant number of these items, an analysis of their bibliological aspects yields interesting data on the material characteristics of the author’s transmission. The present paper will analyse the use of recto and verso in the surviving Menandrian papyri, with particular regard to the copies written on the back of documents.
From Cartonnages to Cultural Contexts
Authors: Del Corso Lucio
Published: January 2024

During his excavations in the Fayum, between 1900 and 1902, Pierre Jouguet was able to find a large number of mummy cartonnages, which along with documents of various sorts yielded some surprising, previously lost literary texts, such as Menander’s Sicyonians, Euripides’ Erechtheus, and Stesichorus’ Thebaid. The exact find-spot of the papyri is unclear: we know that the mummies were found in different necropoleis between Medinet Ghoran and Medinet en Nahas (ancient Magdola), but clear topographic information is largely missing: after reaching France, the cartonnages were dismantled in different steps over a span of several decades, so their ‘archival’ history is often difficult to trace. Nonetheless, even if their archaeological context is lost, the texts seem to point to common cultural contexts, as suggested by a comparison of their philological, palaeographic and ‘bibliological’ features. This article will survey such characteristics, in order to reflect on the readership and circulation of Greek literary texts in Ptolemaic Egypt.
Late prehistoric and early historic chronology of Myanmar: a four-millennia sequence from Halin
Authors: Pryce T.O. , Pradier Baptiste , Favereau Aude , Oo U Saw Naing , Le Meur Clémence , Oo Daw Kay Thwe , Aye U Arkar , Win Daw Thu Thu , Langowska Kinga Alina , Hanus Kasper , Iizuka Yoshiyuki , Georgon Cloé , Zhuang Yijie , Castillo Cristina , Fuller Dorian , Win Daw Hlaing Sabai , Aung Daw Han Myo Kyi , Champion Louis , Oo U Myo Minh , Oo U Min Naing , Phyo U Zayar , Maung U Phyo Wai , Myat Daw Yin Min , Zaw U Thein , Paibool Khun Atiphat , Domethong Khun Varis , Willis Anna , Higham Charles F.W. , Higham Thomas F.G.
Published: January 2024

Myanmar is located within an important geographic corridor of prehistoric demographic and technological exchange, yet relatively few archaeological sites have been securely dated. Here, the authors present a new radiocarbon chronology for Halin, a UNESCO-listed complex in the north-central Sagaing Division of Myanmar, which contributes to the generation of nuanced regional chronologies and to improving the temporal resolution of Southeast Asia more generally. Discussion of 94 radiocarbon determinates, together with site stratigraphy and pottery traditions, provides a chronological sequence from the early third millennium BC to the early second millennium AD. Corroboration of the beginning of this sequence would place Halin as the oldest currently dated Neolithic site in Mainland Southeast Asia and would provide support for the two-layer model of Neolithic migration.
Líderes Campesinas
Authors: Blackwell Maylei
Published: January 2024

Based on a collaborative ethnography with Líderes Campesinas, a state-wide farmworker women’s organization in California, this essay explores how activists have created multi-issued organizing strategies grounded in family structures and a community based social world. Building on Gloria Anzaldúa’s theory of nepantla, it illustrates how campesina organizers create sources of empowerment from their binational life experiences and new forms of gendered grassroots leadership that navigate the overlapping hybrid hegemonies produced by U.S., Mexican, and migrant relations of power. The author argues that immigrant women’s organizing challenges the racialized and gendered forms of structural violence exacerbated by neoliberal globalization and serves as an unrecognized source of transnational feminist theorizing.
The effect of estradiol add-back: a longitudinal MRI study in prostate cancer patients
Authors: Dandash Orwa , Allebone James , Mirabelli Adam , Russell Nicholas , Grossmann Mathis , Gogos Andrea , Kanaan Richard A
Published: January 2024

We investigated the effect of estradiol add-back therapy (EAT) on brain activation related to cognitive function and affect in addition to putative changes in gray and white matter volume in testosterone depleted participants with prostate cancer. We conducted a randomized controlled, double-blinded trial in which 40 patients received 0.9 mg of transdermal estradiol per day for 6 months or matched placebo. Anatomical MRI and three functional MRI (fMRI) scans were obtained for the emotion recognition task, verbal memory task, and visuospatial memory task. Activation in corresponding cognitive and affective brain networks was demonstrated for all tasks. Longitudinally, there was no difference in brain activation, reaction time, or accuracy in response to the fMRI tasks between the EAT group and placebo group at 6 months. In addition, there was no detectable change in whole-brain gray or white matter volume or in hippocampal volume between the two groups after 6 months. This study supports earlier findings that EAT does not improve verbal memory or affect and has no immediate effect on hippocampal volume in testosterone depleted patients with prostate cancer.
Attention deficit disorders in adults
Authors: Gabriela  Cornea Georgeta
Published: January 2024

Among the disorders that are most extensively investigated in medicine, especially in pediatrics, ADHD is considered a neuro-psychiatric disorder with multifactorial development, based on genetic predisposition and neurobiological disruptions. Epidemiological data indicate a global prevalence of 5.29% among individuals under 18 years of age, and recent analysis documents a prevalence of 2.5% in adults.1 Although previously it was considered that it remits in childhood or during adolescence, long-term studies on the term of children and prospective studies on adults with ADHD have shown that the disorder persists even into adulthood.2 In general, problems related to ADHD include, for children, a higher risk of poor school performance, lower academic achievements, lower grades, school suspensions, and extracurricular difficulties. In the case of adolescents, they may experience strained relationships with family, school dropout, aggression, conduct problems, and substance experimentation and abuse. In the case of adults, there may be accidents related to driving and violations of traffic rules, social difficulties in relationships, marriage, and employment.2 ADHD and comorbid depression are frequently reported, with prevalence rates in individuals with ADHD ranging from 18.6% to 53.3%.3 Similarly, studies have documented comorbidity between ADHD and depressive disorders with rates ranging from 9% to 16%, with a median rate of 7.8%.4