bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status among population in southern China by a high accuracy LC-MS/MS method traced to reference measurement procedure
Authors: Cai Zhiliang , Zhang Qiaoxuan , Xia Ziqiang , Zheng Songbai , Zeng Lilan , Han Liqiao , Yan Jun , Ke Peifeng , Zhuang Junhua , Wu Xinzhong , Huang Xianzhang
Published: January 2020

Objective

We aimed to describe the 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status of southern Chinese individuals by a high-accuracy liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method which can trace to reference measurement procedure.

Materials and methods

From January 2018 to June 2019, a total of 4775 southern Chinese individuals were evaluated in our study. The serum levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) were detected simultaneously in 162 cases. 25(OH)D was determined by LC-MS/MS, and PTH was detected using routine automated analysers. The distribution of the concentration, prevalence and seasonal variability of 25(OH)D in males and females of different age groups were studied.

Results

The mean 25(OH)D concentration in our study was 32.57 ng/mL (4.20–101.40 ng/mL). The global 25(OH)D concentration in males was higher than that in females of different age group. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) in females (16.65%) was higher than that in males (6.83%). The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) was most common in winter (22.98% of all women and 15.49% of all men). 25(OH)D concentrations were higher in those from whom blood samples were collected in summer and autumn than in winter and spring. 25(OH)D2was detected in 672 serum samples (14.07%). In addition, there was a negative correlation between the concentrations of 25(OH)D and serum PTH (r = − 0.149,P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Our study demonstrated that the average serum 25(OH)D concentration in southern Chinese individuals was higher than that in other Chinese cohorts by a high-accuracy LC-MS/MS method. The global 25(OH)D concentration in males was higher than that in females of different ages, and the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in females was higher than that in males. Seasonal change was an important aspect of 25(OH)D concentration in young and middle-aged people but became less relevant for that in older subjects. 25(OH)D2detection was of minor practical significance in our study. In addition, we also found that there was a negative correlation between the serum levels of 25(OH)D and PTH in southern Chinese individuals.
Associated abdominal injuries do not influence quality of care in pelvic fractures—a multicenter cohort study from the German Pelvic Registry
Authors:   Working Group on Pelvic Fractures of the German Trauma Society, Küper Markus A. , Bachmann Robert , Wenig Götz F. , Ziegler Patrick , Trulson Alexander , Trulson Inga M. , Minarski Christian , Ladurner Ruth , Stöckle Ulrich , Höch Andreas , Herath Steven C. , Stuby Fabian M.
Published: January 2020

Background

Pelvic fractures are rare but serious injuries. The influence of a concomitant abdominal trauma on the time point of surgery and the quality of care regarding quality of reduction or the clinical course in pelvic injuries has not been investigated yet.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the prospective consecutive cohort from the multicenter German Pelvic Registry of the German Trauma Society in the years 2003–2017. Demographic, clinical, and operative parameters were recorded and compared for two groups (isolated pelvic fracture vs. combined abdominal/pelvic trauma).

Results

16.359 patients with pelvic injuries were treated during this period. 21.6% had a concomitant abdominal trauma. The mean age was 61.4 ± 23.5 years. Comparing the two groups, patients with a combination of pelvic and abdominal trauma were significantly younger (47.3 ± 22.0 vs. 70.5 ± 20.4 years;p< 0.001). Both, complication (21.9% vs. 9.9%;p< 0.001) and mortality (8.0% vs. 1.9%;p< 0.001) rates, were significantly higher.

In the subgroup of acetabular fractures, the operation time was significantly longer in the group with the combined injury (198 ± 104 vs. 176 ± 81 min,p= 0.001). The grade of successful anatomic reduction of the acetabular fracture did not differ between the two groups.

Conclusion

Patients with a pelvic injury have a concomitant abdominal trauma in about 20% of the cases. The clinical course is significantly prolonged in patients with a combined injury, with increased rates of morbidity and mortality. However, the quality of the reduction in the subgroup of acetabular fractures is not influenced by a concomitant abdominal injury.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov,NCT03952026, Registered 16 May 2019, retrospectively registered
Blood consumption in total arterial coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Werner Raphael Sven , Lipps Christoph , Waldhans Stefan , Künzli Andreas
Published: January 2020

Background

Accumulating evidence consistently demonstrates that blood transfusion in cardiac surgery is related to decreased short- and long-term survival. We aimed to evaluate periprocedural blood loss and transfusion rates in elective, isolated total arterial coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using exclusively skeletonized bilateral internal mammary arteries (IMAs).

Methods

We identified 1011 consecutive patients with coronary artery disease who underwent CABG between 1/2007 and 12/2014. Of them, 595 patients who presented preoperative hemoglobin levels >9md/dl and underwent elective, isolated CABG for multi-vessel coronary artery disease were included in the study population. 419 patients (70.4%) received total arterial CABG using skeletonized bilateral IMAs, in 176 patients (29.6%) mixed CABG (single IMA & saphenous vein) was performed. Propensity score adjustment using 16 variables was applied to control for treatment effect.

Results

In patients undergoing total arterial CABG, heterologous blood transfusion could be avoided in 87.8% of all cases. Propensity score adjusted results showed a significantly lower incidence of erythrocyte concentrate transfusion in patients undergoing total arterial CABG compared to mixed CABG (odds ratio 2.74, 95% confidence interval 1.38–5.43, P = 0.004). There were no statistically significant differences in the rates of thrombocyte concentrate (P = 0.39) and fresh frozen plasma transfusions (P = 0.07).

Conclusions

In this study, patients who underwent elective, isolated total arterial CABG using exclusively skeletonized bilateral IMAs showed reduced transfusion rates of erythrocyte concentrates compared to mixed CABG using a combination of single IMA and saphenous vein grafts. No evidence for a higher incidence of complications was found with a total arterial approach.
Evaluation of retinal microvascular perfusion in hereditary angioedema: a case-control study
Authors: Triggianese Paola , Cesareo Massimo , Guarino Maria Domenica , Conigliaro Paola , Chimenti Maria Sole , Cedola Francesca , Mazzeo Caterina , Nucci Carlo , Perricone Roberto
Published: January 2020

Evidence supports that hereditary angioedema (HAE) may be considered as a paroxysmal permeability disorder with defective but self-limiting endothelial barrier dysfunction. A potential subclinical abnormal vascular permeability at retinal capillaries could induce damage resulting in retinopathy. We aimed at exploring for the first time the presence of microangiopathy at retinal level from a highly selective cohort of patients with HAE due to C1 esterase inhibitor protein (C1INH) deficiency (type I). We conducted a pilot, prospective, case-control study including 20 type I HAE patients and 20 age−/sex-matched healthy controls (HC). All participants underwent standard ophthalmological examination including visual fields. Superficial and deep capillary plexi in the retina were analyzed by using new optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). A total of 40 eyes from 20 HAE patients and 20 eyes from HC were evaluated. Perimetric indices of visual field were slightly worse in HAE than in controls. OCT-angiograms documented in HAE patients a lower retinal capillary density in both superficial and deep scans and a higher retinal thickness compared to healthy eyes. Our findings firstly documented subclinical abnormalities in retinal microvascular network in type I HAE patients that might be associated with early subtle functional changes. This preliminary evidence supports the hypothesis of a recurrent endothelial barrier failure at retinal level in HAE patients potentially resulting in chronic damage.
Quantitative visualization of subcellular lignocellulose revealing the mechanism of alkali pretreatment to promote methane production of rice straw
Authors: Li Xiaoli , Sha Junjing , Xia Yihua , Sheng Kuichuan , Liu Yufei , He Yong
Published: January 2020

Background

As a renewable carbon source, biomass energy not only helps in resolving the management problems of lignocellulosic wastes, but also helps to alleviate the global climate change by controlling environmental pollution raised by their generation on a large scale. However, the bottleneck problem of extensive production of biofuels lies in the filamentous crystal structure of cellulose and the embedded connection with lignin in biomass that leads to poor accessibility, weak degradation and digestion by microorganisms. Some pretreatment methods have shown significant improvement of methane yield and production rate, but the promotion mechanism has not been thoroughly studied. Revealing the temporal and spatial effects of pretreatment on lignocellulose will greatly help deepen our understanding of the optimization mechanism of pretreatment, and promote efficient utilization of lignocellulosic biomass. Here, we propose an approach for qualitative, quantitative, and location analysis of subcellular lignocellulosic changes induced by alkali treatment based on label-free Raman microspectroscopy combined with chemometrics.

Results

Firstly, the variations of rice straw induced by alkali treatment were characterized by the Raman spectra, and the Raman fingerprint characteristics for classification of rice straw were captured. Then, a label-free Raman chemical imaging strategy was executed to obtain subcellular distribution of the lignocellulose, in the strategy a serious interference of plant tissues’ fluorescence background was effectively removed. Finally, the effects of alkali pretreatment on the subcellular spatial distribution of lignocellulose in different types of cells were discovered.

Conclusions

The results demonstrated the mechanism of alkali treatment that promotes methane production in rice straw through anaerobic digestion by means of a systemic study of the evidence from the macroscopic measurement and Raman microscopic quantitative and localization two-angle views. Raman chemical imaging combined with chemometrics could nondestructively realize qualitative, quantitative, and location analysis of the lignocellulose of rice straw at a subcellular level in a label-free way, which was beneficial to optimize pretreatment for the improvement of biomass conversion efficiency and promote extensive utilization of biofuel.
Two unconditionally stable difference schemes for time distributed-order differential equation based on Caputo–Fabrizio fractional derivative
Authors: Qiao Haili , Liu Zhengguang , Cheng Aijie
Published: January 2020

We consider distributed-order partial differential equations with time fractional derivative proposed by Caputo and Fabrizio in a one-dimensional space. Two finite difference schemes are established via Grünwald formula. We show that these two schemes are unconditionally stable with convergence rates $O(\tau ^{2}+h^{2}+ \Delta \alpha ^{2})$O(τ2+h2+Δα2) and $O(\tau ^{2}+h^{4}+\Delta \alpha ^{4})$O(τ2+h4+Δα4) in discrete $L^{2}$L2, respectively, where Δα, h, and τ are step sizes for distributed-order, space, and time variables, respectively. Finally, the performance of difference schemes is illustrated via numerical examples.
Qualitative and quantitative dermatoglyphics of chronic kidney disease of unknown origin (CKDu) in Sri Lanka
Authors: Wijerathne Buddhika Thilanga Bandara , Meier Robert John , Salgado Sujatha Senadeera , Agampodi Suneth Buddhika
Published: January 2020

Background

Dermatoglyphics has been used widely in fields of medicine as a non-invasive diagnostic tool and an early assessment of risk for certain medical conditions. It reflects disturbances in fetal development during early prenatal weeks 14–22 when fingerprints develop. Dermatoglyphic asymmetry has been used to measure developmental instability during a specific period of human fetal development. Thus, the present study was planned to investigate whether digital and palmar dermatoglyphics of chronic kidney disease of unknown origin (CKDu) patients in Sri Lanka are different from healthy people.

Methods

A case control study was carried out among CKDu patients (90 males, 90 females) from a CKDu endemic area and gender-matched two control groups; one group from a CKDu endemic region (90 males, 90 females) and another group from a CKDu non-endemic region (90 males, 90 females). Dermatoglyphics were obtained using photographic methods. Both qualitative and quantitative dermatoglyphic variables were defined and analyzed according to standard criteria. Both directional (DA) and fluctuating asymmetry (FA) were assessed.

Results

Several qualitative dermatoglyphic variables had significant association with CKDu. The triradii a1 variable was less evident in palms of CKDu cases in both genders when compared to both control groups. The FA of pattern discordance (right vs left hands) between CKDu cases and control group were significant in several digits. The FA of the ridge count was found significant in several digits, and also significant for A-B ridge count and total ridge count.

Conclusion

Based on these results, it is proposed that the mechanisms responsible for the development of CKDu might be associated with those responsible for FA observed in CKDu patients. Accordingly, a diagnostic tool based on FA could be developed for predicting risk prior to the development of CKDu.
Meta-analysis of targeted temperature management in animal models of cardiac arrest
Authors: Olai Hilmer , Thornéus Gustav , Watson Hannah , Macleod Malcolm , Rhodes Jonathan , Friberg Hans , Nielsen Niklas , Cronberg Tobias , Deierborg Tomas
Published: January 2020

Background

Targeted temperature management (TTM) of 32 to 34 °C has been the standard treatment for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest since clinical trials in 2002 indicated benefit on survival and neurological outcome. In 2013, a clinical trial showed no difference in outcome between TTM of 33 °C and TTM of 36 °C. In this meta-analysis, we investigate the evidence for TTM in animal models of cardiac arrest.

Methods

We searched PubMed and EMBASE for adult animal studies using TTM as a treatment in different models of cardiac arrest or global brain ischemia which reported neurobehavioural outcome, brain histology or mortality. We used a random effects model to calculate estimates of efficacy and assessed risk of bias using an adapted eight-item version of the Collaborative Approach to Meta-Analysis and Review of Animal Data from Experimental Studies (CAMARADES) quality checklist. We also used a scoring system based on the recommendations of the Stroke Treatment Academic Industry Roundtable (STAIR), to assess the scope of testing in the field. Included studies which investigated a post-ischemic induction of TTM had their treatment regimens characterized with regard to depth, duration and time to treatment and scored against the modified STAIR criteria.

Results

The initial and updated search generated 17809 studies after duplicate removal. One hundred eighty-one studies met the inclusion criteria, including data from 1,787, 6,495 and 2,945 animals for neurobehavioural, histological and mortality outcomes, respectively. TTM was favoured compared to control for all outcomes. TTM was beneficial using short and prolonged cooling, deep and moderate temperature reduction, and early and delayed time to treatment. Median [IQR] study quality was 4 [3 to 6]. Eighteen studies checked seven or more of the eight CAMARADES quality items. There was no clear correlation between study quality and efficacy for any outcome. STAIR analysis identified 102 studies investigating post-ischemic induction of TTM, comprising 147 different treatment regimens of TTM. Only 2 and 8 out of 147 regimens investigated comorbid and gyrencephalic animals, respectively.

Conclusions

TTM is beneficial under most experimental conditions in animal models of cardiac arrest or global brain ischemia. However, research on gyrencephalic species and especially comorbid animals is uncommon and a possible translational gap. Also, low study quality suggests risk of bias within studies. Future animal research should focus on mimicking the clinical scenario and employ similar rigour in trial design to that of modern clinical trials.
Revisiting Classical 3β-hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 2 Deficiency: Lessons from 31 Pediatric Cases
Authors: Guran Tulay , Kara Cengiz , Yildiz Melek , Bitkin Eda C , Haklar Goncagul , Lin Jen-Chieh , Keskin Mehmet , Barnard Lise , Anik Ahmet , Catli Gonul , Guven Ayla , Kirel Birgul , Tutunculer Filiz , Onal Hasan , Turan Serap , Akcay Teoman , Atay Zeynep , Yilmaz Gulay C , Mamadova Jamala , Akbarzade Azad , Sirikci Onder , Storbeck Karl-Heinz , Baris Tugba , Chung Bon-Chu , Bereket Abdullah
Published: January 2020

Context

The clinical effects of classical 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (3βHSD2) deficiency are insufficiently defined due to a limited number of published cases.

Objective

To evaluate an integrated steroid metabolome and the short- and long-term clinical features of 3βHSD2 deficiency.

Design

Multicenter, cross-sectional study.

Setting

Nine tertiary pediatric endocrinology clinics across Turkey.

Patients

Children with clinical diagnosis of 3βHSD2 deficiency.

Main Outcome Measures

Clinical manifestations, genotype-phenotype-metabolomic relations. A structured questionnaire was used to evaluate the data of patients with clinical 3βHSD2 deficiency. Genetic analysis of HSD3B2 was performed using Sanger sequencing. Novel HSD3B2 mutations were studied in vitro. Nineteen plasma adrenal steroids were measured using LC-MS/MS.

Results

Eleven homozygous HSD3B2 mutations (6 novel) were identified in 31 children (19 male/12 female; mean age: 6.6 ± 5.1 yrs). The patients with homozygous pathogenic HSD3B2 missense variants of > 5% of wild type 3βHSD2 activity in vitro had a non-salt–losing clinical phenotype. Ambiguous genitalia was an invariable feature of all genetic males, whereas only 1 of 12 female patients presented with virilized genitalia. Premature pubarche was observed in 78% of patients. In adolescence, menstrual irregularities and polycystic ovaries in females and adrenal rest tumors and gonadal failure in males were observed.

Conclusions

Genetically-documented 3βHSD2 deficiency includes salt-losing and non-salt–losing clinical phenotypes. Spared mineralocorticoid function and unvirilized genitalia in females may lead to misdiagnosis and underestimation of the frequency of 3βHSD2 deficiency. High baseline 17OHPreg to cortisol ratio and low 11-oxyandrogen concentrations by LC-MS/MS unequivocally identifies patients with 3βHSD2 deficiency.
Gestational Diabetes Risk in Migrants. A Nationwide, Register-Based Study of all Births in Denmark 2004 to 2015
Authors: Kragelund Nielsen Karoline , Andersen Gregers Stig , Damm Peter , Andersen Anne-Marie Nybo
Published: January 2020

Background

Much remains to be understood about socioeconomic position and body mass index (BMI) in the pathways linking ethnicity, migration, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We investigated differences in GDM prevalence according to maternal country of origin and the role played by socioeconomic position and BMI on this relationship. Finally, we examined how length of residency was associated with GDM.

Methods

A register-based cohort study of the 725 482 pregnancies that resulted in a birth in Denmark, 2004 to 2015. Of these, 14.4% were by women who had migrated to Denmark. A GDM diagnosis was registered in 19 386 (2.7%) pregnancies, of which 4464 (23.0%) were in immigrant women. The crude risk of GDM according to maternal country of origin compared to Danish-born women ranged from an odds ratio (OR) of 0.50 (95% CI 0.34-0.71) for women from Sweden to an OR of 5.11 (95% CI 4.28-6.11) for women from Sri Lanka. Adjustment for socioeconomic position slightly attenuated the risks. Adjusting for BMI resulted in increased ORs for women, especially from Asian countries. The separate and joint effects of migration and overweight on GDM risk differed substantially between the countries of origin (P value interaction term < .001). Immigrants with 10 or more years of residency had a 56% increased risk of GDM (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.44-1.68) compared to immigrants with less than 5 years in Denmark. This risk was somewhat diluted when adjusting for age and BMI.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates substantial variation in the risk of GDM according to country of origin. The risk associations are only slightly affected by socioeconomic position and BMI.
A cerebellum-like circuit in the lateral line system of fish cancels mechanosensory input associated with its own movements
Authors: Perks Krista E. , Krotinger Anna , Bodznick David
Published: January 2020

An animal's own movement exerts a profound impact on sensory input to its nervous system. Peripheral sensory receptors do not distinguish externally generated stimuli from stimuli generated by an animal's own behavior (reafference) -- though the animal often must. One way that nervous systems can solve this problem is to provide movement-related signals (copies of motor commands and sensory feedback) to sensory systems, which can then be used to generate predictions that oppose or cancel out sensory responses to reafference. Here, we study the use of movement-related signals to generate sensory predictions in the lateral line medial octavolateralis nucleus (MON) of the little skate. In the MON, mechanoreceptive afferents synapse on output neurons that also receive movement-related signals from central sources, via a granule cell parallel fiber system. This parallel fiber system organization is characteristic of a set of so-called cerebellum-like structures. Cerebellum-like structures have been shown to support predictive cancellation of reafference in the electrosensory systems of fish and the auditory system of mice. Here, we provide evidence that the parallel fiber system in the MON can generate predictions that are negative images of (and therefore cancel) sensory input associated with respiratory and fin movements. The MON, found in most aquatic vertebrates, is probably one of the most primitive cerebellum-like structures and a starting point for cerebellar evolution. The results of this study contribute to a growing body of work that uses an evolutionary perspective on the vertebrate cerebellum to understand its functional diversity in animal behavior.
Ppp1r1b-lncRNA inhibits PRC2 at myogenic regulatory genes to promote cardiac and skeletal muscle development in mouse and human
Authors: Kang Xuedong , Zhao Yan , Van Arsdell Glen , Nelson Stanley F. , Touma Marlin
Published: January 2020

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical epigenetic regulators and play important roles in cardiac development and congenital heart disease. In a previous study, we identified a novel lncRNA, Ppp1r1b, with expression highly correlated with myogenesis. However, the molecular mechanism that underlies Ppp1r1b-lncRNA function in myogenic regulation is unknown. By silencing Ppp1r1b-lncRNA, mouse C2C12 and human skeletal myoblasts failed to develop fully differentiated myotubes. Myogenic differentiation was also impaired in PPP1R1B-lncRNA deficient human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSCs-CMs). The expression of myogenic transcription factors, including MyoD, Myogenin, and Tbx5, as well as sarcomere proteins, was significantly suppressed in Ppp1r1b-lncRNA inhibited myoblast cells and neonatal mouse heart. Histone modification analysis revealed increased H3K27 tri-methylation at MyoD1 and Myogenin promoters in GapmeR treated C2C12 cells. Furthermore, Ppp1r1b-lncRNA was found to bind to Ezh2, and chromatin isolation by RNA purification (ChIRP) assay revealed enriched interaction of Ppp1r1b-lncRNA with Myod1 and Tbx5 promoters, suggesting that Ppp1r1b-lncRNA induces transcription of myogenic transcription factors by interacting with the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) at the chromatin interface. Correspondingly, the silencing of Ppp1r1b-lncRNA increased EZH2 binding at promoter regions of myogenic transcription factors. Therefore, our results suggest that Ppp1r1b-lncRNA promotes myogenic differentiation through competing for PRC2 binding with chromatin of myogenic master regulators during heart and skeletal muscle development.
Mathematical modeling and the assessment of the structural and functional state of bone tissue in women with arterial hypertension and obesity
Authors: Ignatiev A. M. , Prutyan T. L.
Published: January 2020

140 postmenopausal women aged 48 - 60 y. o. were examined. They had stage I - II arterial hypertension of the 1-2 degree and obesity of the I degree. All of them worked under the adverse labour conditions. The relationship between bone mineral density, osteoprotegrin level and additional factors that have an adverse effect on the state of bone tissue were studied.  A correlation analysis of the relationship between T-criterion, the level of osteoprotegrin and the length of service, the duration of the postmenopausal period, the duration of arterial hypertension, the level of systolic blood pressure, markers of bone remodeling, the level of 25 (OH) D3 and lipid metabolism was performed. Using the linear multiple regression model and taking into account the influence of several factors on the indicator modeled, mathematical models were created for the T-criterion and osteoprotegrin as the most informative indicators for assessing the state of bone tissue. Mathematical modeling allows with a high degree of confidence, using available laboratory indicators, which, when undergoing medical examinations, are obligatory for determination, to determine quickly, without special equipment and significant economic costs, evaluate the structural and functional state of bone tissue in this category of women.
Association between physical activity level and ankle-branchial index in patients with risk factors of peripheral arterial disease
Authors: Juchniewicz Hanna Agnieszka , Lubkowska Anna
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) causes a three-fold increase in risk of mortality and major cardiovascular events. PAD is typically diagnosed with ankle-branchial index (ABI) ≤0.90. World Health Organization recommends to address behavioural risk factors to prevent further burden of cardiovascular diseases. Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine correlation between physical activity level and ABI among patients with risk factors of PAD and ABI in normal range or ABI indicating some or moderate arterial disease. Methods: 71 patients who were over 65 years old and had minimum of two additional PAD risk factors were recruited. Physical activity level was measured by International Physical Activity Questionnaire, walking ability was assessed by 6-minute Walking Test (6MWT). Results: Mean ABI was in normal range (1.08, SD 0.15). Mean Body Mass Index of the group indicated obesity (30.6, SD 5.5 kg/m2). Among modifiable PAD risk factors, hypertension and dyslipidaemia were the most prevalent. Most of the participants (62%) were moderately active. Mean total physical activity was 5310.2 MET-min per week. The average person has been sitting for around 5 hours per day. The mean result of 6MWT was 432.2 meters (SD 103.4). Following correlations were observed: between total physical activity level and ABI (r=0.17), between walking ability and ABI (r=0.39), sitting time and ABI (r=-0.32). Conclusions: older people with PAD risk factors could benefit from everyday walking and housework. Incorporating walking while transportation can exert PAD prevention effect. Sitting time should be avoided. These recommendations apply not only for patients with some or moderate PAD, but also for older individuals with normal range ABI, but with PAD risk factors.
Evaluation of the influence of thiotriazoline on the cytokine status disturbances in the blood serum under the condition of experimental contact dermatitis and experimental pneumonia
Authors: Regeda-Furdychko M. M.
Published: January 2020

The aim of our research was to determine the character of the disturbances content level of pro-inflammatory interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α and anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the serum of guinea pigs and estimation of  thiotriazoline influence on the cytokine profile in the conditions of formation of  combined pathology - experimental contact dermatitis and experimental pneumonia.It has been determined significant advantage of pro-inflammatory cytokine activity, which increasing according the development of the combined pathological process and, simultaneously, reducing the anti-inflammatory IL-10. It has been detected corrective action of  thiotriazoline on the investigated indices of cytokine profile.
ANALISIS LOYALITAS PELANGGAN MELALUI KUALITAS PRODUK, HARGA, PELAYANAN DAN KEPUASAN PADA TOKO OUTLET BIRU YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Kusumawati Elly , Adhilla Fitroh
Published: January 2020

This study aims to analyze loyalty analysis customers through product quality, price, service and satisfaction in stores Yogyakarta Blue Outlet. The independent variable used in the study this is roduct quality, price, service and satisfaction. The dependent used is customer loyalty. The population in this study are all consumers who have visited and make purchases at Yogyakarta Blue Outlet stores. Based on the method purposive sampling was obtained by 62 respondents. The type of data usedis primary data. Data obtained by the method of distributing questionnaires which is distributed directly to respondents who meet the criteria needed. Validity and realibility test of the questionnaire which was used as a tool showed that the questionnare is valid and reliable for use. Based on the results of data analysis, there is an influence on product quality to customer satisfaction with a significant value of 0.031 < 0.05 means the first hypothesis is accepted, there is the effect of price on satisfaction consumers with a significant value of 0.016 < 0.05 means that the second hypothesis is accepted, there is an influence of service on customer satisfaction with value significant 0,000 < 0.05 means that the third hypothesis is accepted, there is an influence satisfaction with customer loyalty with a significant value of 0.004 < 0.05 means the fourth hypothesis is accepted. With the Adjusted R square value at stage 1 namely 0.672 and in stage II is 0.118.
A Diretoria da Agricultura sob a chefia de Machado Assis: Os processos de solicitação de compra de propriedade no Amazonas (1887-1889)
Authors: Rodrigues Pedro Parga
Published: January 2020

Trata-se de analisar qualitativamente sete processos de solicitação de compra de terras devolutas provenientes da Amazônia. Estes foram analisados pelos funcionários da Diretoria da Agricultura do Ministério da Agricultura, Comércio e Obras Públicas entre 1887 e 1889. Neste momento, Machado de Assis exercia a função de chefe nesta repartição. Na medida em que abordamos a atuação desta diretoria na aplicação das leis agrárias oitocentistas, estaremos também percebendo algumas das contingências nas quais o Bruxo do Cosme Velho exerceu suas funções no funcionalismo público. Através da análise destes processos, percebemos como esta repartição tendeu a valorizar elementos do regime de sesmarias, o fundamento da posse e a capacidade para o cultivo, na aplicação da Lei de 1850. Partimos da concepção de Direito de E. Thompson segundo a qual a lei é um espaço de conflito, mas ainda assim favorece os grupos hegemônicos. Também pressupomos a compreensão segundo a qual a relação entre os homens e as coisas se transforma historicamente.
Escravizados, pobres e livres e povos originários na história rural de Mato Grosso: as roças e a antítese da propriedade pelos caminhos e quilombos (séculos XVIII e XIX)
Authors: Borges Maria Celma
Published: January 2020

Para uma discussão das roças encontradas pelos caminhos e quilombos em Mato Grosso, no período entre a Colônia e o Império brasileiro, é preciso uma breve reflexão das questões do presente, envolvendo os pobres da terra, para então tecer uma incursão na história rural da América portuguesa, a fim de ultrapassar o tripé consagrado pela historiografia tradicional como o explicativo da história do Brasil nos seus três primeiros séculos: a monocultura, o trabalho escravo e o latifúndio. Nesse debate, visamos entender a importância da produção de alimentos para o abastecimento interno e o papel dos roceiros, pobres e livres, escravizados e indígenas em meio a esse universo. Ao partirmos da análise de Correspondências Oficiais e de fontes como Relatos Monçoeiros trabalharemos alguns indícios da presença das roças e dos roceiros, em suas diversas categorias, com ênfase para alguns percursos que ligavam o norte e o sul de Mato Grosso, especialmente no contexto das monções. As roças dos pobres e livres no trajeto das monções dos séculos XVIII e início do XIX, tal como o cultivo dos escravizados nos quilombos do norte e sul de Mato Grosso e as plantações indígenas que abasteciam as incursões sertanistas pelo sul, no XIX, explicitadas especialmente no relato de Derrotas, de Joaquim Francisco Lopes, serão temas abordados por trazerem vestígios de produção de alimentos e lugares em que os roceiros, em sua diversidade, viveram e trabalharam.
A Sociedade Auxiliadora da Indústria Nacional e as patentes de invenção: tecnologia e propriedade no Império do Brasil
Authors: Malavota Leandro Miranda
Published: January 2020

Propomo-nos, no presente artigo, a investigar alguns aspectos relativos à atuação da Sociedade Auxiliadora da Indústria Nacional (SAIN) no fomento à atividade inventiva durante o terceiro quartel do século XIX. Nosso enfoque recai sobre o papel exercido pela instituição no processo de concessão de patentes a inventores e introdutores de novos bens e técnicas de produção. Partimos da análise da participação das seções temáticas da SAIN na avaliação da conveniência da concessão de exclusivos e da adequação dos pedidos de patentes às exigências legais, em atendimento a consultas do governo. Em meio a essa reflexão, são examinados os fundamentos técnicos, jurídicos e econômicos que sustentavam a atuação da SAIN, considerando-se a importância auferida pela tecnologia enquanto fator de produção no contexto da Segunda Revolução Industrial. Nesse sentido, conceituamos a instituição como um locus de organização dos interesses de frações da classe dominante, uma corporação intelectual voltada à racionalização e modernização das atividades produtivas no país.
Entre o “milagre econômico” e o “quinquênio de ouro”: análise introdutória dos planos econômicos brasileiro e português (1968-1973)
Authors: Piccolo Monica , Belo Werbeth Serejo
Published: January 2020

Este trabalho tem como tema central a análise de uma das formas de organização dos interesses das frações burguesas dirigentes, os planos econômicos. O recorte temporal, 1968-1973, justifica-se por ser este o momento, tanto no Brasil quanto em Portugal, da consolidação de grandes projetos industriais e de intensa defesa do desenvolvimentismo como estratégia de crescimento econômico acelerado. Logo, o objetivo central é analisar de modo comparado os planos econômicos de dois países que receberam alcunhas distintas em um mesmo momento de crescimento econômico com altos índices de investimento e abertura da economia a capitais estrangeiros – guardadas as especificidades. Em Portugal, o governo Caetano ficou conhecido como “os anos dourados do capitalismo português” ou o “quinquênio de ouro”, enquanto o governo Médici, no Brasil, ficou conhecido como um momento de “milagre econômico”. Como objetivo secundário, pretende-se mapear as semelhanças e diferenças do III Plano de Fomento – elaborado em 1967 com metas a serem alcançadas entre os anos de 1968 e 1973 – e o I Plano Nacional de Desenvolvimento (I PND) entre 1972 e 1974. Como ferramenta central de análise, este artigo tem como arcabouço teórico as elaborações de Antonio Gramsci a respeito do Estado, entendido em uma perspectiva ampliada, isto é, as instituições oficiais como o âmbito restrito deste (também nomeada como Sociedade Política) e a Sociedade Civil como aspecto de ampliação da noção de Estado. A hipótese central perpassa pela noção de centralidade do desenvolvimento econômico nos dois países supramencionados como estratégia de promoção do crescimento econômico acelerado com uma argumentação de base social muito forte que, de certa forma, legitimaria o discurso desenvolvimentista.
Os camponeses: notas sobre rastros, indícios e experiências de pesquisa
Authors: Machado Paulo Pinheiro
Published: January 2020

Depoimento para a Revista Maracanan, n. 23 - "História da Propriedade e do Direito de Acesso", jan.-abr. 2020.
Expediente
Authors: Correa Claudio Miranda
Published: January 2020

Expediente. Revista Maracanan, Rio de Janeiro, n. 23, jan.-abr. 2020.
Local anaesthetic repair of paraumbilical hernia as a safe option across a range of body mass indices
Authors: Sadien ID , Ho YM , Coveney E
Published: January 2020

Introduction

Local anaesthetic repair of paraumbilical hernia (PUH) is a commonly performed operation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether local anaesthesia (LA) repair of PUH was feasible in patients with a high body mass index (BMI) and whether BMI had an impact on patient reported pain scores.

Methods

Patients undergoing PUH repair under the care of single consultant in a district general hospital between March 2010 and January 2018 were recruited. Patient demographics, BMI, duration of operation, volume of LA infiltrated and grade of operating surgeon were available from the consultant’s database. The database also included prospectively recorded patient reported pain scores based on a numerical scale (0–100) and overall patient satisfaction measured as a percentage. Patients were divided into three BMI categories: <25kg/m2, 25–30kg/m2 and >30 kg/m2.

Results

A total of 123 patients underwent PUH repair under LA during the study period. Six patients had no recorded BMI and were excluded from the analysis. Of the remaining 117 patients, 36 (31%) were in the normal BMI range, 35 (30%) in the overweight range and 46 (39%) in the obese range. There was no statistically significant difference between the BMI groups in terms of volume of LA used, duration of operation, postoperative pain scores or patient satisfaction.

Conclusions

LA repair of PUH is feasible for patients with a raised BMI and does not result in higher postoperative pain scores or the need for higher doses of LA.
Thin fiber-based Mach–Zehnder interferometric sensor for measurement of
liquid level, refractive index, temperature, and axial strain
Authors: Liu Wei , Wu Xuqiang , Zhang Gang , Li Shili , Zuo Cheng , Zhang Wujun , Yu Benli
Published: January 2020

An all-fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometric sensor capable of measuring
liquid level, refractive index (RI), temperature, and
axial strain is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The proposed
sensor is based on a fiber ball–thin fiber (TF)–core-offset structure
sandwiched between two standard single-mode fibers. The variations of
ambient liquid level, RI, temperature, and axial strain cause the
change of phase difference between the cladding modes and the core
mode, which leads to the shift of interference spectrum. The
wavelength shifts of three resonant dips in the transmission spectrum
are used to investigate the sensing characteristics of the sensor.
Experimental results show that the sensor with TF length of 20 mm
exhibits high RI and liquid-level sensitivities of

−

131.7092

n
m

/

R
I
U

and

−

120.7

p
m

/

m
m

at a wavelength of 1589.5 nm.
Meanwhile, the sensor is insensitive to temperature and axial strain,
and the maximum sensitivities are 0.0390 nm/°C and

−

4

.

84

×

10

−
4

n
m

/

µ
ε

, respectively. In addition, the
sensor shows superiority in measuring multiple parameters
simultaneously.
Lossy wavefront sensing and correction of distorted laser beams
Authors: Wu Chensheng , Ko Jonathan , Davis Christopher C.
Published: January 2020

The art of rectifying a laser beam carrying amplitude and phase
distortions has been demonstrated through several competing methods.
Both wavefront sensor and wavefront sensor-less approaches show that
the closed-loop correction of a laser beam can be accomplished by
exploiting high-resolution sampling of the beam distortion in its
spatial or time domain, respectively. Moreover, machine-learning-based
wavefront sensing has emerged recently, and uses training data on an
arbitrary sensing architecture to map observed data to reasonable
wavefront reconstructions. This offers additional options for beam
correction and optical signal decoding in atmospheric or underwater
propagation. Ideally, wavefront sensing can be achieved through any
resolution in spatial samples, provided that more frequent sampling in
the time domain can be achieved for a reduced number of spatial
samples. However, such trade-offs have not been comprehensively
studied or demonstrated experimentally. We present a fundamental study
of lossy wavefront sensing that reduces the number of effective
spatial samples to the number of actuators in a deformable mirror for
a balanced performance of dynamic wavefront corrections. As a result,
we show that lossy wavefront sensing can both simplify the design of
wavefront sensors and remain effective for beam correction. In
application, this concept provides ultimate freedom of hardware
choices from sensor to sensorless approaches in wavefront
reconstruction, which is beneficial to the frontier of study in
free-space optical communication, lidar, and directed energy.
Nonreciprocal interference and coherent photon routing in a three-port optomechanical system
Authors: Du Lei , Chen Yao-Tong , Wu Jin-Hui , Li Yong
Published: January 2020

We study the interference between different weak signals in a three-port optomechanical system, which is achieved by coupling three cavity modes to the same mechanical mode. If one cavity serves as a control port and is perturbed continuously by a control signal, nonreciprocal interference can be observed when another signal is injected upon different target ports. In particular, we exhibit frequency-independent perfect blockade induced by the completely destructive interference over the full frequency domain. Moreover, coherent photon routing can be realized by perturbing all ports simultaneously, with which the synthetic signal only outputs from the desired port. We also reveal that the routing scheme can be extended to more-port optomechanical systems. The results in this paper may have potential applications for controlling light transport and quantum information processing.
1.4 million Q factor Si3N4 micro-ring resonator at 780 nm wavelength for chip-scale atomic systems
Authors: Sinclair Martin , Gallacher Kevin , Sorel Marc , Bayley Joseph C. , McBrearty Euan , Millar Ross W. , Hild Stefan , Paul Douglas J.
Published: January 2020

A silicon nitride micro-ring resonator with a loaded Q factor of 1.4 × 106 at 780 nm wavelength is demonstrated on silicon substrates. This is due to the low propagation loss waveguides achieved by optimization of waveguide sidewall interactions and top cladding refractive index. Potential applications include laser frequency stabilization allowing for chip-scale atomic systems targeting the 87Rb atomic transition at 780.24 nm. The temperature dependent wavelength shift of the micro-ring was determined to be 13.1 pm/K indicating that a minimum temperature stability of less than ±15 mK is required for such devices for wavelength locking applications. If a polyurethane acrylate top cladding of an optimized thickness is used then the micro-ring could effectively be athermal, resulting in reduced footprint, power consumption, and cost of potential devices.
Highly reliable SERS substrate based on plasmonic hybrid coupling between gold nanoislands and periodic nanopillar arrays
Authors: Choi Munsik , Kim Soogeun , Choi Seung Ho , Park Hyeong-Ho , Byun Kyung Min
Published: January 2020

To improve both sensitivity and reliability, a hybrid SERS substrate of combining gold nanoislands (GNI) with periodic MgF2 nanopillar arrays was successfully developed. SERS detection performance of the proposed substrates was evaluated in terms of enhancement effect, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), linearity, reproducibility and repeatability, and compared with the performance of a conventional SERS substrate based on GNI. Experimental and simulation results presented that significant improvement of SERS intensity and SNR by more than 3 times and a notable reduction in relative standard deviation were obtained. We hope that the suggested SERS platform with unique advantages in sensitivity and reliability could be extended to point-of-care detection of a variety of biomolecular reactions.
Improvement of liquid crystal tunable lenses with weakly conductive layers using multifrequency driving
Authors: Vanackere Tom , Vandekerckhove Tom , Claeys Elke , George John Puthenparampil , Neyts Kristiaan , Beeckman Jeroen
Published: January 2020

A common technique to realize the gradient electric field profile that is required in liquid crystal tunable lenses is the use of a weakly conductive layer. Thanks to this layer, an applied voltage with a certain frequency allows us to obtain a refractive index profile that is required for the lens operation. Due to the limited degrees of freedom, however, it is not possible to avoid aberrations in a weakly conductive layer-based tunable lens for a continuously tunable focal length. In this work, we discuss the use of additional higher frequency components in the voltage signal to reduce the lens aberrations drastically.
Imaging trapped quantum gases by off-axis holography
Authors: Smits J. , Mosk A. P. , van der Straten P.
Published: January 2020

We present a dispersive imaging method for trapped quantum gases based on digital off-axis holography. Both phase delay and intensity of the probe field are determined from the same image. Due to the heterodyne gain inherent to the holographic method, it is possible to retrieve the phase delay induced by the atoms at probe beam doses two orders of magnitude lower than phase-contrast imaging methods. Using the full field of the probe beam, we numerically correct for image defocusing.
Piston sensing for a segmented mirror system via a digital dispersed fringe generated by wavelength tuning
Authors: Zhang Yongfeng , Xian Hao
Published: January 2020

A dispersed fringe sensor (DFS) is a promising approach for sensing the large-scale piston error for segmented mirror systems. In this Letter, a novel method, to the best of our knowledge, for piston sensing based on a digital dispersed fringe (DDF), which is generated by wavelength tuning, is introduced. By continuously changing the wavelength of light passing through the sensor, a collection of far-field spot arrays can be acquired, which are used to construct the DDF with steps of accumulation and stacking in sequence for each inter-segment region. A correlation-based method is applied to extract the encoded piston information from the DDF. The method greatly eases the demanding hardware requirement in traditional DFS and shows high efficiency for the reason that it could simultaneously measure all of the relative piston settings; in addition, it exhibits strong robustness to noise.