bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Circular Economy and Contributions to Sustainable Development in the Organizational Context
Authors: Luciano Bernardo Hamuyela , Gomes Vitor Carvalho , Silva Cássia Mara Alexandrino , Ferreira Allan Berthier Silva , Leão Airton Pereira da Silva , Gomes Filho Teodoro Antunes , Marques Francisco Roldineli Varela , Sguizardi Juliano , Estevam Stênio Maia , Santos Adelcio Machado dos
Published: April 2024

Objective: To analyze the contributions of the circular economy to sustainable development in the organizational context.
 
Methodology: The research used an integrative literature review to investigate the relationship between circular economy and sustainable development in organizations. The studies were selected based on relevant keywords in academic databases, focusing on Brazilian articles published between 2023 and 2024. After the selection, a qualitative analysis of the data was conducted to identify patterns and trends, contributing to a deeper understanding of the topic.
 
Results and data analysis: The analysis of the studies highlights the importance of the circular economy in the contemporary organizational context, highlighting its relevance to promote sustainable development and mitigate negative impacts on the environment and society. The transition from the traditional linear model to the circular one redefines not only supply chain dynamics, but also challenges the culture of consumption and unrestricted disposal by promoting resource reuse, recycling and remanufacturing. However, its implementation requires operational changes and the support of organizational leaders, tax and legislative incentives, as well as greater awareness and dissemination of information about its practices and benefits. The need for more in-depth studies, especially in the Brazilian context, is highlighted, as is the importance of consumer education on sustainable packaging and the integration of reverse logistics practices. Such an approach not only promotes environmental sustainability, but can also generate significant economic benefits for businesses. The studies also highlight the adaptation of circular economy concepts to different sectors, such as textiles and clothing, highlighting their tangible benefits, such as reducing waste and creating sustainable business opportunities. However, the journey towards the circular economy faces challenges such as effective waste management and stakeholder awareness.
 
Conclusion: Thus, the conclusions emphasize the need for continued engagement of businesses, governments and consumers to promote a successful transition. By adopting this approach, organizations contribute not only to the preservation of the environment and social well-being, but also to a more sustainable and economically prosperous future.
Digital Financial Services (DFS) And Productivity of Indian Banking Sector - Empirical Evidence Using Malmquist Productivity Index and Panel Data Regression
Authors: Veluthedan Sreekanth Peringanam , Kiran Kunjangada Bheemaiah
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the impact of Digital Financial Services (DFS) on the productivity of banking sector in India.
 
Theoretical framework: This research considered various digital banking services offered by bank and how it affects the actual bank performance in terms of productivity, by adopting a two-stage model i.e., Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) and panel data regression.
 
Design/Methodology/Approach: The empirical study was based on eight-year balanced panel data from 2012 to 2020. The sample of the study consists of forty-four commercial banks from India. This study is completely based on secondary data collected from the website of the database of the Indian economy and the National Payment Corporation of India (NPCI). To achieve the research goals, a two-stage approach has been used. Initially, Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) was employed to estimate the total factor productivity changes. In the second phase, panel regression analyses were used to study the impact of Digital Financial Services (DFS) on bank productivity.
 
Findings: The findings show that the Digital Financial Services (DFS) variables such as mobile banking, online banking, Automatic Teller Machines (ATM) and Point of Sale (POS) transactions are significantly improved the productivity of the Indian banking industry.
 
Research, Practical & Social implications: The study addresses the issues such as identifications of factors affecting the productivity of banks including Digital Financial Services (DFS). In the world of digital revolution, it analyses whether bank can retain, continue and enhance their performance by offering modern product and services to their customers.
 
Originality/Value: This article has conducted extensive analyses of Digital Financial Services (DFS) and banks' productivity. The authors also provide suggestions for the policymakers for the future implementation of digital banking services.
On the assessment of the effectiveness of internal financial control in State-owned (municipal) institutions
Authors: SPIRIDONOVA Natal'ya E.
Published: April 2024

Subject. This article discusses the issues of assessing the effectiveness of control activities and systematizing the criteria for assessing the effectiveness for a specific type of control in order to improve and adapt it to changing conditions.
Objectives. The article aims to specify the composition and content of the criteria for assessing the effectiveness of internal financial control implemented by State-owned (municipal) institutions.
Methods. For the study, I used the methods of analysis, grouping, comparison, and generalization.
Results. Based on the analysis of the content of regulatory legal acts affecting various aspects of the effectiveness of control, the article systematizes approaches to assessing the effectiveness of control activities, specifies the composition and content of the criteria for assessing the effectiveness of internal financial control implemented by State-owned (municipal) institutions, and highlights the distinctive characteristics of the criteria for assessing the effectiveness of external and internal financial control.
Conclusions. The article concludes that it is necessary to analyze an expanded set of criteria for assessing the effectiveness of internal financial control and focuses on the fact that when assessing the effectiveness of internal financial control, it is important to take into account the stages of the life cycle of control activities.
Arrangements for environmental costs analytical accounting at crop production enterprises
Authors: GALLYAMOV El'mir A.
Published: April 2024

Subject. This article analyzes the approaches to the arrangements for analytical accounting of environmental costs in the application of process and job-order methods of cost accounting by enterprises specializing in the production of crop products.
Objectives. The article aims to systematize and summarize knowledge about the problems and possibilities of analytical accounting of environmental costs at crop production enterprises.
Methods. For the study, I used a dialectical approach, observation, synthesis and analysis, and the elements of accounting methods such as calculation, accounts etc.
Results. The article formulates that the accounting of environmental costs requires greater detailing, which contradicts the essence of absorption costing analytics, and that the grouping of costs by individual order for the cultivation of environmentally friendly products does not guarantee the elimination of absorption costing approaches in accounting. The article proposes to include in the Methodological Recommendations of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia information on absorption costing analytics with a detailed disclosure of the shortcomings of this approach in the context of job-order and process methods used at enterprises growing crop products.
Conclusions. In financial accounting, the task of generating a calculation with a complete list of environmental costs is not feasible due to the heterogeneity of costs and regulatory constraints. To solve this problem, it is necessary to abandon absorption costing analytics, which contradicts the accounting of environmental costs, which, on the contrary, requires deeper detailing. The use of the job-order method in crop production does not solve the problem of absorption costing analytics.
Classification of old industrial regions in order to implement differentiated regional policy
Authors: SOROKINA Natal'ya Yu.
Published: April 2024

Subject. The article addresses problems of production for the domestic market, compliance of the level of industry development with the requirements of the new technological paradigm.
Objectives. The article aims at systematization of economic and geographical characteristics of old industrial regions of Russia.
Methods. I employ methods of statistical analysis.
Results. Two factors enable to fully reveal the specifics of the development of old industrial regions, i.e. historical and sectoral. I developed an algorithm to classify old industrial regions. It helps specify their composition and identify their main subtypes based on the analysis of the ‘sectoral kernel’.
Conclusions. The research results can be used in the development of policies focused on creating conditions for the transformation of old industrial regions into ‘growth centers’ of the Russian economy.
Financial priorities and the growth border of the Russian economy
Authors: SMIRNOV Valerii V.
Published: April 2024

Subject. The article investigates the role of foreign exchange reserves in the development of the Russian economy, the securities market development, and the banking system stability.
Objectives. The aim is to review the monetary policy options under international sanctions strengthening.
Methods. I apply methods of statistical, neural network, and cluster analysis.
Results. The study established that it is impossible to reduce currency risks by issuing shares listed in the domestic market in foreign currency. The preferred directions of Russia's monetary policy are as follows: strengthening the country's international investment position, increasing the volume of the Federal bond market, and increasing the issue of shares listed in the domestic market in rubles.
Conclusions. The growth boundary of the Russian economy is determined by such parameters as the amount of funds in escrow accounts of individuals, the size of insurance and pension reserves.
Health capital preservation and accumulation: From theoretical research to practical action
Authors: SHIBALKOV Ivan P. , NEDOSPASOVA Ol'ga P. , BARYSHEVA Galina A. , PAVLOVA Irina A. , BOIKOV Vadim A.
Published: April 2024

Subject. The article addresses the evolution of the concept of health capital, the problem of health inequalities.
Objectives. We focus on identification of the main contradictions inherent in the preservation and accumulation of health capital.
Methods. The study employs methods of generalization and grouping.
Results. The paper established the fact of preservation health "capital-forming" properties not only in the process of labor activity, but also outside it.
Conclusions. The findings can be used in further analysis of causes of population ageing.
Unlocking the secrets of success: learning and relaxing techniques among high achievers
Authors: Saif Marwa , Shabbeer Fatima , Ilyas Hareem , Ahmed Hina
Published: April 2024

Background:

The environment in medical college itself is recognized as inherently stressful. The competitive atmosphere, constant evaluations, and high expectations can contribute to a feeling of constant pressure and anxiety among students.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the learning and relaxation techniques adopted by high-achieving medical students .

Methods:

 It was a cross-sectional study completed in six months duration. A self-designed, customized and experts validated questionnaire was used to collect data from consecutive medical students who scored above 70% in their professional exams and were enrolled in a five-year MBBS program of Central Park Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan. . The data were analyzed using statistical software and the percentages of responses were calculated by keeping the power of study at 80%.

Results:

The results showed that the most frequently adopted learning techniques were group study 63(61.8%)], discussing with classmates 54(85.7%)], selective study pattern but reading once 56(54.9%)], studying a week before the test 51(50%)] and revising twice 60(58.8%).the most common relaxation technique was watching,drams,movies and seasons

 

 

 

 

 

 

Conclusion:

The high achiever undergraduate medical students employed different learning strategies while the most favoured medium for studying was YouTube channel. Concurrently, brief breaks during study sessions, listening to music, watching movies and other forms of visual entertainments were the most reported relaxation techniques

Keywords: High Achievers, undergraduates, MBBS, medical education,  Study method, Relaxing techniques

 

 

 
Sleep Disorders and Mental Health: Exploring the Bidirectional Relationship and Intervention Strategies
Authors: Ali Mohammad , Viqar Urbah
Published: April 2024

Sleep disorders and mental health conditions often coexist, with a complex and bidirectional relationship between the two. This research aims to examine the impact of sleep disturbances on mental health outcomes and explore the efficacy of sleep-focused interventions in managing psychiatric conditions. A comprehensive review of the literature will be conducted to analyze existing research studies, clinical trials, and meta-analyses. The results will shed light on the relationship between sleep disturbances and mental health by outlining the mechanisms underlying it. In addition, this study will assess how well pharmaceutical therapies and other sleep-focused interventions, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia, work to improve the mental health of people with psychiatric disorders.
Survey on the Use of Medicines in Patients with Co-existing Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes at the Internal Medicine Department of E Hospital in 2020-2022
Authors: Ngoc Anh Vu , Van Nga Vu , Thi Minh Phuong Le , Thi Le Hang Do , Son Nhat Bui , Thi My Dung Dinh , Minh Thuy Han
Published: April 2024

The study aims to describe the situation of using antihypertensive and hypoglycemic drugs; Initial evaluation of the effectiveness of drug used in the treatment regimen of patients with concomitant hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Methods: a cross-sectional, retrospective study was performed on 179 medical records of patients who had hypertension and type 2 diabetes, examination and treatment at the Internal Medicine Department - Hospital E from April 2020 to December 2022. Information collected from medical records was processed using SPSS 26.0 statistical software. Result: the main groups of hypoglycemic drugs used were metformin (74.9%) and insulin (69,3%). The rate of using multi-drug regimen for diabetes (64.8%) is higher than that of monotherapy, in which the two-drug regimen of insulin and biguanide (metformin) is common (32.4%). The main groups of antihypertensive drugs used were ACE inhibitors and Ca channel blockers (72.6% and 57.5%), 60.3% of patients were treated according to a multi-drug regimen in which combination regimens of 2 groups of Ca channel blockers and ACE inhibitors are common (26.3%). There are no clinically significant interactions between antidiabetic and antihypertensive drugs. The rate of patients who reached the target blood pressure was 83.8%. The rate of patients achieving target blood sugar levels when discharged from the hospital was 40.9%. Conclusion: multi-drug regimen is used more than monotherapy in the treatment of hypertension and diabetes. Most patients reached target blood pressure on discharge, however the number of patients achieving target blood glucose was quite limited . No drug interactions were found between drugs used to lower blood pressure and hypoglycemic drugs.
PENERAPAN PENDEKATAN STUDENT CENTERED LEARNING (SCL) PADA PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA HINDU DAN BUDI PEKERTI DI SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI 22 DAUH PURI DENPASAR
Authors: Ni Putu Nita Pratiwi
Published: April 2024

ABSTRAK

Seiring dengan perkembangan jaman yang diikuti dengan perkembangan teknologinya yang semakin canggih maka proses pembelajaran sudah seharusnya menggunakan pendekatan yang lebih baik. Siswa harus lebih aktif tampil dan berbicara serta meninggalkan karakter sebagai penonton yang pasif. Karenanya, pendekatan pendidikan Student Centered Learning (SCL) dimunculkan dalam mengatasi kepasifan peserta didik, terutama dalam proses pembelajaran agama Hindu dan budi pekerti. Dalam hal ini, Guru Agama Hindu dan Budi Pekerti memegang peranan penting sebagai mediator dalam memfasilitasi implementasi metode Student Centered Learning (SCL) kepada siswa, dengan menciptakan inovasi-inovasi kreatif dalam membangkitkan respon aktif dari siswa itu sendiri.

Tiga permasalahan yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini: implementasi pendekatan Student Centered Learning (SCL), kendala dan upaya penerapan pendekatan Student Centered Learning (SCL), dan implikasi penerapan pendekatan Student Centered Learning (SCL) pada pembelajaran pendidikan agama Hindu dan Budi Pekerti. Teori yang digunakan untuk membedah permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah: (1) Teori Konstruktivisme (Jean Piaget), dan (2) Teori Kognitif (Jean Piaget). Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan psikologi. Data yang diperoleh, dikumpulkan dengan teknik wawancara, studi kepustakaan dan dokumentasi. Data yang telah terkumpul kemudian dianalisis dengan teknik deskriptif kualitatif.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Implementasi pendekatan Student Centered Learning (SCL) pada pembelajaran agama Hindu dan Budi Pekerti di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 22 Dauh Puri Denpasar dilakukan dalam 9 (sembilan) metode diantaranya; Small Group Discussion (SGD), Role-Play and Simulation, Discovery Learning, Self-Directed Learning, Cooperative Learning, Contextual Learning (CL), Problem Based Learning (PBL), Collaborative Learning (CbL), dan Project Based Learning (PjBL). Terkait kendala dan upaya penerapan pendekatan Student Centered Learning (SCL) terdapat dalam 3 aspek krusial, diantaranya; pada Kemampuan Guru, Kemampuan Siswa, dan kualitas sarana dan prasarana akademik. Sedangkan implikasi penerapan pendekatan Student Centered Learning (SCL) pada pembelajaran pendidikan agama Hindu dan Budi Pekerti terlihat pada 3 (tiga) aspek mendasar, yaitu Implikasi Kognitif, Implikasi Afektif dan Implikasi Psikomotor.

Kata Kunci: Student Centered Learning (SCL), Pendidikan Agama Hindu dan Budi  Pekerti, Sekolah Dasar
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Authors: Hasan Atif Ali , Khaleel Mahmood H. , Jehhef Kadhum Audaa
Published: April 2024

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Reflection of sacred symbols in folklore and dance culture of Chechens
Authors: Iliasov Lecha Makhmudovich
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the study of sacred symbols represented in the petroglyphs of Chechnya and widely used in the material culture of the local population of the ancient and late medieval era: in the decoration of metal products, the ornament of carpets and ceramics. The author believes that sacred symbolism is reflected in spiritual culture. The circle, the cross, the spiral and other sacred symbols have been embodied in a variety of forms in oral folk art, dance culture, ritual traditions, the Nart epic, thereby defining the stylistic features of the culture of the North Caucasus. Sacred meanings are imprinted not only in the images of dancing anthropomorphic figures on the walls of residential and combat towers, but also the pattern of their movements and gestures repeats the outlines of ancient symbols, thereby testifying to the ritual nature of the origin of folk dance and many genres of oral folk art. The methodological basis of the research is a set of general historical, ethnographic and archaeological research methods, the use of which is determined by the nature of the material being studied. Thus, the internal space and structure of the phenomena of spiritual culture correspond to the forms of the main sacred symbols that existed in the culture of the peoples of the region in ancient times, thereby creating a special style of North Caucasian culture, which is characterized by inner sacredness. The reflection of mythological plots and symbols in petroglyphs and bronze plastics of the Koban culture of late Bronze and early iron testifies to the deep antiquity of folk dance and many genres of oral folk art of the population of the North Caucasus and speaks about the close intertwining of the phenomena of material and spiritual culture in that period, about the sacredness of being in its representations. Ritualism penetrates into all spheres of life (labor, funeral rite, wedding ceremony), protecting the ancient man from all bad things.
An Anthology of Faith-Based Collections’ Writings: Tracking the Genealogy of Scholarship on This Genre of Archives
Authors: Nawe Takatso , Garaba Francis
Published: April 2024

Faith-based collections, also known as religious archives, church archives or archives of faith traditions, have paradoxically not received attention in mainstream archives. However, they permeate every facet of human endeavour. This could be attributed to this genre of archives as they are relatively unknown; there is a lack of general interest, maybe because of the small volume of archives generated from their parent churches or ministries, which renders them insignificant. Consequently, a definitive and authoritative text on faith-based collections has remained a pipe dream in the records and archives discipline, a global challenge. This paper explores the breadth of the writings to inform the global archival community so that scholars and archivists can contribute in this regard, thereby bridging this literary gap in our archival historiography. Faith-based collections, as they relate primarily to manuscripts of evangelists, are an under-researched area in Archival Science. Using secondary sources like books and reports and empirical works in journals, dissertations, theses, conference proceedings and so on, this paper provides a historical insight and timeline that highlights the trajectory of the scholarship on faith-based collections. While this article highlighted the scholarship on faith-based archives, it also contributed to managing manuscripts by evangelists/pastors in African Independent Churches (AICS) and mainstream churches. It offered insight into the emerging literature on faith-based collections and how this is scattered over various sources.
Will Employees and Technology Continue to Coexist Despite Historic Tensions?
Authors: Dagada Rabelani
Published: April 2024

In developed economies, the integration of technology into the labour force has largely led to massive job losses, and workers have met this with stiff resistance. This has changed the dynamics of industrial relations in this era of digital age. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ways in which digitalisation has been affecting human labour in workplaces in South Africa and what can be done to enable employees–technology coexistence. In the study, I used qualitative data-collection methods—interviews, observation and document collection. I used purposive and convenience sampling to select the participants. Analysis of the collected data yielded six major findings. The major tenets of these findings were that digitalisation leads to job losses in South Africa and that the country was not sufficiently preparing students and workers for human–machine collaboration. Although the study was intended to focus on various sectors of the South African economy, I was more biased towards the local banking sector. This could be viewed as a limitation of this study. The study made practical and methodological contributions. It also made an essential contribution to digital transformation theory and employee relations body of knowledge. A major recommendation is that policymakers should mitigate against technology shocks and uneven geographical phenomenon by connecting major commercial hubs with major labour market hubs. Future studies should focus on the impact of technology on employees in each economic sector in South Africa.
Diagnósticos neuropsiquiátricos na população infanto-juvenil
Authors: Silva Maelson José Soares , Medeiros Roberta Silva Melo de , Saraiva Juracy Morais Lima , Barroso Wermerson Assunção
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Abordar os transtornos e doenças neuropsiquiátricas que mais acomete a população infanto-juvenil. Revisão bibliográfica: Nos últimos anos, os transtornos neuropsiquiátricos têm ganhado destaque, com foco no diagnóstico, tratamento e abordagens personalizadas, desde o pré-natal e após o nascimento. Fatores biológicos, genéticos, epigenéticos e socioculturais são importantes para um diagnóstico preciso, assim como estratégias de cuidado na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). O Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH), Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA), microcefalia, ansiedade e depressão infantil são comuns na APS. A tecnologia, especialmente a inteligência artificial (IA), desempenha um papel fundamental cada vez mais importante no diagnóstico e tratamento desses transtornos neuropsiquiátricos. Considerações finais: Complicações durante a gestação, como nascimento prematuro e baixo peso ao nascer, têm sido associadas a desfechos adversos no desenvolvimento neurológico e psiquiátrico infanto-juvenis. A integração de diferentes profissionais de saúde é crucial para fornecer cuidados abrangentes e personalizados, a partir da APS. A colaboração da IA na análise de dados clínicos contribuem para uma compreensão mais profunda dos transtornos e doenças neuropsiquiátricas quanto a avaliação, diagnóstico precoce e desenvolvimento de tratamentos personalizados.
The Global Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Chapter: South West Asia and Africa Extracorporeal Life Support Organization in 2024
Authors: Stead Christine
Published: April 2024

In early 2024, we can take a moment to acknowledge the journey we have been on in critical care, especially in the region that comprises Extracorporeal Life Support Organizations (ELSO’s) South West Asia and Africa Continent (SWAAC) Chapter. ELSO has been able to develop a global standard in foundational educational knowledge for adults. This is only possible with the participation of experts in every region. The process for developing this standard has now been published. ELSO is using this same process to develop the foundational knowledge for neonatal and pediatric education. We are grateful to many in the SWAACELSO region for your assistance in the development of a global standard in education and training. The SWAACELSO region has achieved so much in the recent past. Participation in all facets of extracorporeal life support (ECLS) and ELSO globally continues to advance how we work together and what is available for patients in communities everywhere. This region will continue to help lead in creating resiliency and innovation in the coming years. Personally, I am grateful for the dedication and commitment to improving life support that this region continues to advance.
To Compare the Efficacy of Sub-Pecto-Interfascial Block with Erector Spinae Plane Block in Postoperative Pain Management in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Singh Rashmi , Choudhury Arindam , Chauhan Sandeep , Hote Milind
Published: April 2024

Objectives:

Pain following sternotomy has always been an issue of major concern for anesthesiologists. The incidence of pain is as high as 49% at rest following coronary artery bypass grafting. We planned to utilize the sub-pecto-interfascial plane (SIP) block and erector spinae plane (ESP) block to determine its efficacy and quality of analgesia as compared to conventional intravenous analgesia.

Material and Methods:

After the Institutional Ethics Committee’s approval, we recruited 105 patients and randomized them into three groups. Group 1 received conventional analgesia, group 2 SIP, and group 3 ESP block. Group 2 and Group 3 received allocated blocks after induction of balanced general anesthesia under ultrasound guidance. With high-frequency linear probe (13 MHz) planes identified, a mixture of injection ropivacaine (0.375%) and dexmedetomidine (1.1 mcg/mL) was deposited. In group 2, six injections of 6 mL each at the 2nd, 4th, and 6th intercostal spaces in the bilateral parasternal region. In group 3, two injections of 20 mL of the above-mentioned mixture on each side above the transverse process of the T5 vertebra under the erector spinae muscle plane were injected. All patients were monitored throughout the procedures, and their vitals were recorded. Heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure were noted at baseline, at skin incision, at sternotomy, and 30 min post-extubation. Patients were followed for total fentanyl consumption, pain score (numerical rating scale [NRS] score), and peak inspiratory flow rate, which were noted at extubation and 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24 hours post-extubation. Levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), cortisol, and prolactin were done at baseline and 24 h after surgery. Extubation time, time of first oral intake, and total length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay were also compared between the groups.

Results:

Total fentanyl consumption was significantly lower (P < 0.005) in group 2 and group 3 compared to group 1. Patient receiving blocks were significantly lower NRS score compared to the control group. Spirometry has shown improved results in block groups catering to early discharge from ICU. Rise in levels of CRP, cortisol, and prolactin were much higher in group 1 as compared to group 2 and group 3.

Conclusion:

The application of ESP and SIP blocks is far superior than conventional parenteral analgesics in terms of pain score, total opioid’s consumption, hemodynamic maintenance, spirometry efforts, and length of ICU stays.
Factors Influencing Electrocardiogram Pattern in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review for Future Research
Authors: Thirumurugan E. , Dias Edwin , R Karthick
Published: April 2024

An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool that can identify heart conditions and offer valuable information about electrical activity and age-related changes. Our primary concern is studying ECG changes related to age, gender, and body mass index (BMI) for the benefit of researchers and clinicians. A comprehensive search for relevant literature was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases. The selection criteria were limited to original papers published between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2022, that were deemed eligible. We executed a meticulous selection process that involved eliminating duplicates, screening abstracts and full texts, and manually adding some articles. During the full-text screening process, we excluded articles that were not relevant to our study. Ultimately, we included only nine observational studies that fulfilled our eligibility criteria. Our primary objective was to determine the factors that influence the ECG pattern in children and adolescents. This review systematically highlights the significance of identifying ECG patterns that could be correlated to factors such as age, gender, and BMI. Identifying such patterns may play a crucial role in improving the diagnostic accuracy of ECG. Physicians who fail to recognize these patterns may mistakenly endanger their patients’ lives.
Optimizing Internal Mammary Artery Harvest and Preparation
Authors: Bhushan Rahul , Grover Vijay
Published: April 2024

The left internal mammary artery (LIMA) graft plays a pivotal role in coronary artery bypass surgery, offering unparalleled efficacy in revascularization. This review paper delves into the multifaceted considerations surrounding LIMA utilization, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of optimal approaches. The study encompasses the alleviation of spasm, selection of graft harvesting techniques, identification of ideal vasodilators, and exploration of optimal delivery methods. Through an analysis of extensive research spanning the past three decades, this review elucidates critical insights for cardiac surgeons and researchers alike. The review emphasizes the ubiquity of severe spasms in harvested LIMA and examines interventions to mitigate this challenge. Studies highlighting the efficacy of papaverine administration through various routes underscore the need for tailored approaches based on clinical context. The debate between skeletonized and pedicled LIMA harvests is explored, revealing the advantages and complexities associated with each technique. Findings suggest that while skeletonized grafts offer enhanced flow, the decision remains multifaceted due to potential complications. Addressing the quest for the ideal vasodilator, the review juxtaposes papaverine and sodium nitroprusside, presenting both as viable options. Despite ongoing discussions, the cost-effectiveness and accessibility of papaverine have positioned it as the favored choice among clinicians. Optimal delivery methods emerge as a crucial factor in graft success, with perivascular injection showing promise in promoting sustained and improved flow rates. The clinical implications of these findings are substantial. By integrating the evidence presented, cardiac surgeons can make informed decisions, maximizing graft patency and patient outcomes. Further, research avenues are identified, encompassing refined delivery techniques, comprehensive comparisons of vasodilators, and long-term clinical outcome evaluations. In conclusion, this review underscores the intricate considerations essential for successful LIMA utilization. By addressing spasms, selecting graft techniques, choosing vasodilators, and refining delivery methods, practitioners can tailor their strategies to the individual patient, enhancing the efficacy of coronary revascularization.
Transcranial direct current stimulation-efficacy in mild cognitive impairment: A meta-analysis
Authors: Sandhya G. , Malo Palash Kumar , Issac Thomas Gregor
Published: April 2024

Objectives:

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a transition state in which individuals have cognitive abilities that are in between those of normal aging and dementia. Although not everyone with MCI develops dementia, the risk of progression to dementia is higher in people with MCI. Interventions at this stage can prevent or delay the onset of dementia. In recent years, studies on non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, namely transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), have gained momentum for cognitive enhancement in MCI. Since there are very few studies that also report varied results, it becomes important to analyze the effect of tDCS in MCI. The aim of this study was to systematically review the available evidence about using tDCS for MCI and to assess its efficacy using meta-analysis.

Materials and Methods:

Eight single- or double-blinded randomized controlled trials were included in the study. Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) and mini-mental state examination (MMSE) for global cognition; and digit span test forward and backward, trail-making test (TMT) A and B; and logical memory test (LMT) assessing specific cognitive domains were considered. A random-effects model was used wherein the standardized mean difference (SMD) and its 95% confidence intervals were reported.

Results:

The effect of the active tDCS (MoCA [SMD 0.37, 95% CI −0.22–0.95], MMSE [SMD 0.26, 95% CI 0.25–0.77], TMT-A [SMD −0.01, 95% CI −0.42–0.40], and LMT [SMD 0.80, 95% CI −0.24–1.83]) when compared with the sham tDCS was statistically insignificant.

Conclusion:

The current meta-analysis identified insignificant improvement in cognitive performance with active tDCS treatment as compared to sham tDCS among people with MCI.
Transition et transit : des petites théories à usage quotidien
Authors: Bertrand Denis
Published: April 2024

En prenant appui sur une approche définitionnelle comparée des deux notions de « transition » et de « transit », on interroge les enjeux sémantico-narratifs qu’elles recouvrent (catégories, relation continu-discontinu, actantialité, téléogisation, etc.). Sur la base des résultats de cette analyse, on oriente ensuite la réflexion dans deux directions complémentaires : d’un côté une direction métathéorique, en interrogeant la manière dont la notion de « transition » met en question des modélisations considérées comme acquises dans les schématisations sémiotiques ; de l’autre, une direction épithéorique, au sens où A. Culioli parle d’épilinguistique, antichambre du métalinguistique : « une activité dont nous n’avons pas conscience et qui sans arrêt travaille sur ces mises en relation entre le caché, le pas dire non, le ceci ou le cela » (Bedouret-Larraburu et Copy 2018). Cela nous permet d’envisager ce qu’on appelle « les petites théories à usage quotidien », dont la théorie du « transit » pourrait être un parangon. Notre objectif est, in fine, d’interroger la relation aujourd’hui entre les régimes de modélisation en contexte de « transition », en posant le problème de l’intelligibilité théorique, prise entre méta- et épithéorique.
D’un état à l’autre : la question des limites
Authors: Aldama Juan Alonso
Published: April 2024

Dans un article publié en 2002, Claude Zilberberg signalait que « Seuils et limites apparaissent comme des points sensibles : quand ils sont approchés, atteints ou dépassés, ils déclenchent des programmes et des contre-programmes modaux d’assimilation et de dissimilation ». Les différentes formes de transition soulèvent, tant du point de vue moral qu’ontologique, la question des limites (l’humanité augmentée sera encore humaine, le changement climatique a atteint un point de non-retour, la transidentité effacera les frontières entre les sexes… ?) et suscitent des réactions, pour le dire avec les mots d’Umberto Eco, entre l’apocalyptique catastrophiste et l’intégration joyeuse. Cet article explore la notion de « limite » dans la sémiotique, en s’appuyant principalement sur les travaux de la sémiotique tensive et sur ceux de la sémiotique de la culture pour analyser les textes de loi sur la bioéthique de 2021 afin de comprendre de quelle manière ceux-ci « négocient » les limites entre l’impératif scientifique et social et principes éthiques.
Representations of veridictory modalities and post-truth in the digital transition: discourse and corporeality in the Netflix show Clickbait
Authors: Jardim Marilia
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the representation of truth and falsity in the Netflix show Clickbait (2021), utilising its diegesis to review Greimas’ (1983) Veridiction Contract and Keyes’ (2004) text on Post-truth. A show presenting a commentary on the various challenges the digital substance poses to the construction and sanction of truth, the analysis of selected sequences facilitates the debate of two facets of truth-making in the digital transition: the manipulation of discursive substances—verbal language and iconic representation—and the emergence of a modality of truth anchored in the corporeality of subjects. The analysis approaches digital platforms and the intersubjective relations they enable and the extent to which different substances are capable of producing separate levels of reality. The examination of the crisis of truth emerging from the clash between “real life” and life post-digital transition permits the interrogation of mechanisms of sanction, which are replaced with an artificial enlargement of attention.
La sémiologie face au défi de la fiction interactive. Enjeux épistémologiques et esthétiques de la « transition » numérique
Authors: Leiduan Alessandro
Published: April 2024

L’étude des manifestations fictionnelles de l’ère numérique ne saurait se borner à décrire les modalités à travers lesquelles celles-ci actualisent les potentialités expressives inscrites dans la technologie numérique. La conceptualisation de la « transition numérique » dans le domaine de l’imaginaire artistique doit également se poser la question de savoir si les nouvelles formes d’expressivité artistiques satisfont aux conditions esthétiques qui présidaient à la consécration des fictions traditionnelles (sous peine de ne pas pouvoir appliquer à leur phénoménologie l’appellation de « fiction »). Il a ainsi été nécessaire de redécouvrir les critères de conditionnalité esthétiques qui sont incorporés dans la notion « trans-historique » de fiction afin de recentrer sur eux la description – mais surtout l’évaluation critique – des nouveaux avatars de l’imaginaire numérique. Conformément à ces grandes lignes méthodologiques, cet article entreprend l’analyse du film interactif République, moins pour inventorier sur un ton émerveillé ses fonctionnalités numériques que pour les mettre à l’épreuve des paramètres esthétiques qui sous-tendent la catégorie culturelle de fiction.
Analyse sémiotique de discours portant sur les NFT : transition, passage ou inutilité technologique ?
Authors: Paillussière Lisa
Published: April 2024

Les NFT (Non-Fungible Token), en tant que figure exemplaire d’une tentative de transition numérique, popularisés en France à partir de juin 2021, sont l’occasion de rediscuter au moins deux problématiques majeures de l’art contemporain dans sa mise en réseau : 1) Peut-on réellement posséder une œuvre d’art numérique en tant qu’occurrence unique et paradoxale d’une série d’exemplaires ? ; 2) La mise en place d’une propriété intellectuelle associée à l’art numérique garantit-elle vraiment sa protection et son respect ? Notre hypothèse départ consiste à poser l’instabilité institutionnelle comme interprétant culturel à la base des conflits d’authentification et de possession de l’œuvre d’art numérique et envisage l’existence préalable aux NFT d’un espace juridique lacunaire justifiant les accusations d’inefficacité qu’on leur applique. Pour tester cette hypothèse, nous procèderons en une analyse sémiotique de l’espace de discours relatif aux NFT à l’appui d’un corpus de discours informels issus de diverses scènes médiatiques.
PRIORITIZATION OF MITIGATION AND FLOOD RISK REDUCTION EFFORTS IN KOTA SINGKAWANG
Authors: Ranate Chelsea , Soeryamassoeka SB , Gunarto Danang
Published: April 2024

Floods present significant challenges to urban areas globally, including Kota Singkawang in West Kalimantan, Indonesia, due to its susceptibility to seasonal monsoons. Mitigation efforts are crucial to protect lives, infrastructure, and sustainable development amidst urbanization and climate change. This research delves into flood risk reduction methods by integrating technical, economic, social, and environmental dimensions to aid policymakers and stakeholders in efficient resource allocation.This study aims to enhance flood resilience by identifying critical intervention areas through structured approaches, leveraging literature reviews, field surveys, and consultations with local authorities and communities. Prioritizing flood risk mitigation involves evaluating existing strategies and implementing structural measures like flood control buildings.The analysis findings indicate that the primary focus for mitigation efforts and flood risk reduction in Kota Singkawang should involve structural measures, specifically implementing flood control structures like polder systems and retention ponds to effectively address sea tides and heavy rainfall impacts. However, given the preliminary nature of this study, a more thorough investigation with comprehensive data is necessary to implement these structural technologies fully. This comprehensive analysis underscores the significance of comprehending flood risk complexities to formulate sustainable urban strategies in Kota Singkawang.
A Novel Potential Therapeutic Tool to Increase Efficiency of Available COV-19 Vaccines
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt, RH Thabet , AKT Radaideh ,   Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan, SMH Qdisat ,   Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan, AAM Shannaq ,   Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan, HNS Obeydy ,   Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan, BA Amoorah ,   Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan, EM Wilson ,   Assiut Health Directorate, Egypt
Published: April 2024

A side from the activation of the immune cells and the noticed increase of cytokine levels in COVID-19 patients who have cytokine storm, it has been proved that they have multiple clinical and laboratory irregularities as renal dysfunction and CRP, in addition hyper-inflammation and tissue damage that found to predict worse effects of COVID-19. Over production of cytokines during SARS-CoV-2 can result in damage of lung tissues, ARDS and death. Many studies recently reported that severity of the disease was significantly lower in the vaccinated individuals who get infected with COVID-19 compared to nonvaccinated ones. There are contradictory data with regard to the immunological effect of COVID-19 vaccines. No evidence of raised cytokines levels was shown in vaccinated people with Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech. On the other hand, Covaxin increases plasma levels of some cytokines like IFNγ, IL-2, TNFα, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13 and others but reduced levels of other cytokines as IL-25, IL-33 and GM-CSF. Pfizer reduced the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α and IL-1β. The current review highlights updates on the immunological aspects of COVID-19 and its vaccines. After elaborating advanced research studies, cytokine inhibitors and JAK inhibitors could be used in adjunct with available vaccines or as promising therapeutic target for severe cases of COVID-19.
Macrophage Glucose Metabolism Reprogramming and Cardiovascular Complications of Diabetes
Authors:   Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, China, Yuqi He , Cong Chen ,   Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, China, X Haitao ,   Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, China, C Jingsong ,   Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of South China, China
Published: April 2024

Macrophages are the main participants in the pathogenesis of many chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including diabetes, and cardiovascular complications mediated by abnormal activation of macrophages caused by various reasons are the main causes of morbidity and death in patients with diabetes. Different environmental stimuli can easily lead to glucose metabolism reprogramming in macrophages, resulting in a series of changes in metabolization-related enzymes, metabolites and metabolic pathways. Glucose metabolism reprogramming is closely related to M1 polarization and M2 polarization of macrophages, for example, M1 macrophages tend to anaerobic glycolysis while M2 macrophages tend to aerobic metabolism, and different polarization of macrophages is closely related to various diseases. Therefore, this paper reviews the mechanism and inducing factors of reprogramming of glucose metabolic pathways, as well as the effect of these pathways on macrophage polarization, so as to provide services for clinical research and treatment of the occurrence and development of cardiovascular complications in the context of chronic inflammation of diabetes.