bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilization of Wireless Sensor Network to Monitor Citarum River Quality for Milkfish Cultivation in Karawang Regency
Authors: Santosa Rafi Amartya , Shihab Rizky Ariyan Qurais , Bakar Adamzah Suyuti , Simatupang Joni Welman
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this research (study) is to demonstrate the superiority of the wireless sensor network (WSN) technology method over the laboratory method in monitoring the water quality of the Citarum River in Karawang. To monitor the Citarum river water quality, government of Karawang regency conducted a test by taking the sample water to the laboratory. It seems to be such a conventional method. With the results of the BOD value obtained from the DLHK data, which is 47.93 mg/L, of course it will be a problem for the development of milkfish. However, an advanced method using Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technology seems to be an alternative. Basically, this technology can monitor the water quality in real-time using multiple parameters and help cultivators to monitor the water used in milkfish cultivation. Of course WSN technology is more efficient than waiting for laboratory results.  Therefore, if this technology is applied, the data will be obtained in real time.  Of course the data can be processed and monitored directly to determine the quality of the water used.  In terms of cost, this technology can be built at a moderate cost compared to laboratory work.
Pengaruh Pandemi Covid-19 Terhadap Jumlah Sampah di Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir Regional Kota Payakumbuh
Authors: Ruslinda Yenni , Asyura Indah Kurnia , Aziz Rizki
Published: November 2021

Restrictions on community activities during the Covid-19 pandemic have an impact on the amount of waste a city produces. This study aims to analyze the amount of incoming waste at the Payakumbuh Regional Final Processing Site (TPA) before and during the Covid-19 pandemic, analyze the impact of the pandemic on waste sources and provide recommendations for waste management during the pandemic. Data on the amount of waste entering the TPA was obtained from measurements of waste at the weighbridge before the pandemic (February – March 2020) and during the pandemic (April – May 2020). The analysis of the impact of the pandemic on the source of the waste is based on the results of interviews with truck drivers and analysis of truck routes. The results showed a decrease in the amount of waste transported to the landfill by 11.15% during the Covid-19 pandemic. The average amount of waste before the pandemic was 237.36 tons/day, while during the pandemic is 210.90 tons/day. The decrease in the amount of waste is due to restrictions on community activities outside the home with the implementation of the Large-Scale Social Restriction (PSBB) policy. The implementation of PSBB policy during the pandemic caused a decrease in the amount of waste from institutional, commercial and city service facilities by 29.48-50% and an increase in domestic sources by 21.22%.
Analisis Sistem Kerja untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitas Pegawai Negeri Sipil dengan Pendekatan Macroergonomic Analysis and Design
Authors: Putri Delvieri Salsa Bella , Wahyudin Wahyudin , Hamdani Hamdani
Published: November 2021

The productivity of a job is influenced by many things, one of which is the work system. To get optimal productivity, it is necessary to design a good work system. A good work system at least provides security and comfort to workers when carrying out their work. Thus, workers can do work more actively and achieve the targets that have been set previously. This research is applied in the Community and Village Empowerment Service (DPMD) especially in the general and staffing sub-sections. The purpose of this study is to identify the work system applied to the DPMD, and evaluate the work system in order to get better conditions to increase productivity. The method of data analysis is using macroergonomy approach namely MEAD which is used in analyzing and evaluating work systems with structured and systematic steps. From the results obtained, it is known that the work system implemented by the DPMD has been running effectively and efficiently in accordance with the established vision and mission. While the factors that affect productivity are the physical environment, work equipment, working conditions, and organizational systems. From the calculation of % HR Reserve and Cardiovascular Load (% CVL) the value is 56.34% while the rest time is -0.083. From these results, it is known that the rest time given is sufficient and there is no need for additional rest periods.
Rancang Bangun Grade Monitoring Assist pada D3K Caterpillar Berbasis Mikrokontroler sebagai Akurasi pada Pekerjaan Operator Dozer
Authors: Halim Abdul , Mangkona Mangkona , Muis Abdul , Sakti Irfan Andika
Published: November 2021

In the process of construction work, operators need accuracy in the process of finishing land leveling works such as road highway building, land reclamation, large commercial, landfill installation, so as to increase productivity. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to manufacture and implement a ground leveling finishing tool using Arduino IDE software and Atmega 328 microcontroller on the Dozer D3K Caterpillar heavy equipment unit. The placement of a series of components from the Grade Monitoring Assist includes the ultrasonic sensor on the lift cylinder, gyro and accelerometer at the top center of the blade, as well as a display that displays the results of parameter readings. Connections between components in Grade Monitoring Assist are cables that integrate all installed components. The results of testing the movement of the blade up and down position to get an accuracy value of 97.30% and an error of 2.70%. While the movement of the blade down position has an accuracy value of 96.50% and an error of 2.50%. And Tests by moving the blade according to the implement movement angle at the maximum blade angle position (either side) with an average error value of 1.48o, cutting ditches (angle V) an average error value of 0.676o
De la innovación docente universitaria a su transferencia a la escuela: una experiencia educativa desde la perspectiva de género
Authors: Morón-Monge Hortensia , Daza Navarro Paula
Published: November 2021

A partir de un proyecto de innovación docente de la Universidad de Sevilla (España) se diseña una exposición itinerante sobre la contribución de las mujeres a la ciencia. Dicha exposición se presentó en distintos centros educativos de la provincia, acompañada de talleres y charlas para acercar así la investigación universitaria a las escuelas. En este trabajo se presenta una de estas experiencias llevada a cabo con niños/as de Educación Primaria, donde se realizaron debates, entrevistas abiertas, actividades experimentales, etc., con la finalidad de mejorar la percepción sobre las ciencias desde una perspectiva feminista y así promover carreras científicas entre las niñas.
THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF ASSESSMENT OF FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Dnipro State Agrarian University of Economics, Pavlenko Oksana , Kogushko Diana ,   Dnipro State Agrarian University of Economics
Published: November 2021

The article examines the essence of the concept of “financial stability of the enterprise” and different views on its interpretation by domestic scientists. The methodical bases of an estimation of financial stability of the enterprise to which calculation and the analysis of absolute indicators and relative indicators most often belong are considered. Their explanations, formulas for calculation and normative values of these indicators are given. Theoretical aspects of the influence of factors on the provision of financial stability are also given, because this is one of the most important conditions for life, development and further stable provision of a high level of competitiveness of the enterprise. Namely, the factors that are divided into independent of the enterprise and those that directly depend on the internal situation and development of the enterprise were considered. The existing methods of analysis of financial stability of the enterprise are considered and explained. The main ones are aggregate, coefficient, margin, point, balance, integral and factorial methods, as well as the most suitable methods for determining the financial stability of the agricultural enterprise. The application of the main indicators of financial stability of an agricultural enterprise as an indicator of financial stability of the enterprise and solvency is given and substantiated. The main types of financial stability of the enterprise are also given and explained, namely the absolute type, normal, pre-crisis and crisis. The main tasks and prospects of agricultural development are determined. In addition, the main problems in the calculation of indicators and the overall assessment of the financial condition of the agricultural enterprise are identified. The issues that need urgent solution and improvement are proposed to further improve the financial stability of the agricultural enterprise. The main ones are the improvement of the legal framework of Ukraine, to improve the regulation of relations between participants in agriculture, the development of new indicators for assessing the financial condition of agricultural enterprises and revision of regulatory values of these indicators in connection with the specifics of this industry.
Erosione della base imponibile irpef e argomenti per una sua ricomposizione
Authors: Perniciano Cristian
Published: November 2021

L'Irpef, pensata come una imposta personale onnicomprensiva, in realtà non lo fu mai. Alle esclusioni delle rendite antecedenti alla sua stessa partenza, se ne sono poi aggiunte molte altre, specialmente negli ultimi 20 anni, riducendo di molto la progressività dell'imposizione del reddito nel nostro Paese. Per tutti i redditi non assoggettati all'Irpef non solo si fa patire all'Erario un gettito inferiore, ma si distribuisce il risparmio fiscale in maniera regressiva. Le ratio che hanno portato all'esclusione di rilevante base imponibile si dimostrano, alle attuali condizioni, non più così valide, quando non addirittura legate a ragioni di mero consenso elettorale ottenuto al prezzo di un sistema impositivo che ha perso razionalità ed equità. Nelle conclusioni si propongono soluzioni per ricomporre un sistema onnicomprensivo, o semicomprensivo, affrontando anche il necessario periodo di transizione e facendo tesoro dell'esperienza delle riforme di Vanoni.
I redditi di natura finanziaria tra proporzionalità e progressività: profili critici dell'evoluzione del sistema e prospettive di riforma
Authors: Marinello Antonio
Published: November 2021

L'assetto attuale della tassazione dei redditi finanziari presenta consistenti profili di criticità, tra i quali assume un rilievo centrale la connotazione in senso proporzionale dell'imposizione sostitutiva prevista per tali proventi. Si tratta di una preferenza sistematica consolidata, che i più recenti interventi normativi in materia hanno ulteriormente esteso. Obiettivo del presente lavoro è verificare la tenuta sistematica di tale scelta, considerando se in una prospettiva di riforma vi sia spazio per una rivalutazione della progressività, da attuare con meccanismi impositivi tecnicamente adeguati al comparto reddituale in oggetto. Un ulteriore profilo di indagine concerne il principio di imposizione al lordo dei redditi di capitale: tale scelta è stata talvolta giustificata proprio in relazione al fatto che la maggior parte di essi sono tassati con forme di imposizione cedolare. Questa giustificazione, però, teoricamente prospettabile se la misura dell'imposizione sostituiva dei redditi di capitale fosse più bassa rispetto alle aliquote Irpef, attualmente non regge più ad una verifica empirica.
La salute come bene comune sostenibile
Authors: Freda Maria Francesca
Published: November 2021

Negli ultimi decenni abbiamo assistito ad una accelerazione dello sviluppo tecnologico, scientifico e culturale che ha radicalmente trasformato gli scenari della vita sociale, generato importanti opportunità, ma anche introdotto questioni relative alla stessa sostenibilità del pro-cesso. Anche in ambito sanitario, gli sviluppi delle conoscenze scientifiche e tecnologiche han-no portato cambiamenti che non comprendono il solo ambito della medicina, ma implicano questioni etiche, sociali, economiche e, ovviamente, psicologiche. La sostenibilità è una domanda trasversale alla contemporaneità che, per essere affrontata, richiede l'istituzione di un campo di conoscenza transdisciplinare. Alla luce di questo scenario, l'autrice propone il riferimento alla Psicologia della Salute quale vertice fondamentale di un campo di conoscenza transdisciplinare che contribuisca allo sviluppo di un modello della salute come bene comune sostenibile.
Una critica alla definizione in positivo della salute
Authors: Salvatore Sergio
Published: November 2021

Il contributo discute criticamente la capacità dell'interpretazione in positivo del concetto di salute, di porsi a fondamento scientifico della psicologia della salute. La critica si poggia su tre argomenti: il carattere ideale e asintotico della definizione in positivo, la sua dipendenza dalle contingenze storico-culturali, la mancanza di riferimento ad una classe specifica di fenomeni. Due alternative sono richiamate: il recupero della concezione in negativo ? la salute come as-senza di malattia ? e la concezione metodologica: la salute come dinamica istituzionale che sostanzia l'agire sanitario.
In quale modo riuscirci?
Authors: Piero Vecchio Luca , Velasco Veronica
Published: November 2021

Nel presente contributo gli autori riflettono sulle condizioni di possibilità - per la psicologia - di far propria una prospettiva transdisciplinare nella definizione delle sue prassi di intervento. Tali condizioni riguardano, da un lato, la precisazione degli assunti epistemologici che orientano l'agire della disciplina; dall'altro lato, le caratteristiche dei metodi da utilizzare in un setting transdisciplinare. Oltre a tali condizioni - che possono essere considerate interne alla psicologia - gli autori considerano le condizioni materiali per la realizzabilità di un progetto transdisciplinare e identificano nella "rete" la struttura organizzativa più coerente con tale prospettiva.
Ist Gesundheit Alles?
Authors: Braibanti Paride , Greco Andrea , Mucci Clara
Published: November 2021

La psicologia può essere definita "solo" come professione sanitaria? La presenza della psi-cologia nei contesti sanitari è irrinunciabile, ma ridurla a questa presenza è inappropriato e im-possibile, anche perché "oggetti", "questioni" e "contesti" rilevanti per la salute non sono riducibili al sistema sanitario e sembrano piuttosto richiedere approcci multidisciplinari e multiset-toriali. Il Covid-19 rende evidente che uno sguardo settoriale è insufficiente ad affrontare l'impatto devastante sulla società e rappresenta una sfida che sembra richiedere un ri-orientamento a una psicologia che, pur esercitando doverosamente un'azione di supporto ai traumi e alle fragilità individuali, non può permettersi di ridurre ad essa la propria presenza e capacità d'intervento. È anche lungo questi nuclei problematici che può essere pensata una riterritorializzazione della psicologia e un ruolo di autonoma presenza e influenza nel sistema dei servizi sanitari e sociali, mediante un non breve processo di rivisitazione dei fondamenti epi-stemologici e metodologici, delle pratiche e delle operazionalità proprie della professione. Rivolgiamo per questo un appello alle Scuole di Specializzazione in Psicologia della salute perché si riconoscano nel compito di guidare questa necessaria transizione verso una piena re-sponsabilità trasformativa della psicologia.
Child Play Specialist e Child Life Specialist: ruolo, evoluzione storica e benefici per il paziente pediatrico. Una rassegna della letteratura
Authors: Perasso Giulia , Allegri Chiara , Camurati Gloria
Published: November 2021

Il gioco rappresenta un diritto fondamentale del bambino ed assume un ruolo cruciale du-rante l'esperienza dell'ospedalizzazione. Le figure del Child Play Specialist e del Child Life Specialist (riconosciute rispettivamente nel sistema sanitario del Regno Unito e degli Stati Uni-ti) forniscono programmi di gioco che normalizzino l'esperienza di ricovero del bambino e aiutino la familiarizzazione con il contesto medico. La presente rassegna persegue tre principali obiettivi: i. definire il ruolo dello specialista del gioco, la sua formazione, le tecniche implemen-tate, le aree di similitudine e differenza tra CPS e CLS; ii. esaminare l'evoluzione storica di questa professione; iii. indagare gli effetti dell'intervento dello specialista del gioco sulla salute bio-psico-sociale del paziente pediatrico. Di 613 fonti complessive (n=193 da Scopus, n=403 da Pubmed, n=17 da PsycInfo), 17 pubblicazioni sono state incluse, avendo applicato criteri inerenti lingua, tipologia di pubblicazione e pertinenza dei contenuti. Dalle fonti esaminate ri-sulta che: I. CLS e CPS presentano percorsi di training e tecniche simili. Emergono peculiarità di approccio diverse per CPS e CLS; II. Le esperienze pionieristiche di programmi di gioco in ospedale risalgono agli anni '20 con contributi significativi di Plank, Bergmann e Brooks; III. I principali effetti sulla salute infantile documentati sono il potenziamento del coping e la ridu-zione del ricorso a terapie farmacologiche per la gestione del dolore. Si evidenzia la necessità di un consenso internazionale sulla definizione del ruolo dello specialista del gioco, al fine di accrescere la ricerca empirica rispetto a tali professionisti della salute.
Has healthcare rationalisation been rationale? Hospital beds and Covid-19 in Italy
Authors: Neri Stefano
Published: November 2021

The outbreak of Covid-19 pandemic highlighted the existence of a hospital bed shortage in Italy, as a result of a longstanding trend. The article analyses this process by an international comparison with other Western European countries, highlighting the intensity of hospital bed reduction in Italy, as a fundamental component of NHS rationalisation. Although it was based on solid grounds, international data suggest that hospital bed reduction was probably excessive, depriving the NHS of organisational slack. Moreover, de-hospitalisation would have been matched with a stronger development of primary and community care. The relative shortage of these services, along with the lack of integrated networks between hospital and non-hospital care, explains many difficulties experienced by hospitals in tackling Covid patients. Beyond investments in health care, these elements call to re-think the organisation of health care provision at local level, questioning the purchaser-provider split.
Comparison of Contractual Liability Patterns in the British Legal System and the Iranian Legal System
Authors: Asbaghipour Nancy , Simbar Reza
Published: November 2021

No part of society can elude legitimate occasions. Some of the time, eagerly or unwillingly, another is hurt, and the issue of hurtful obligation or how to compensate is raised by others. The rules and controls of each nation or other nations may be distinctive, and the way of demonstrating obligation and its components and the approach of the courts in deciding the sum of harms may moreover be diverse. Since the legitimate British framework is to some degree diverse from the legitimate Iranian framework, it appears valuable to know the sees of this framework. The think about of these likenesses and contrasts, counting the way of sanctioning laws, their modification, the way of the trial of courts and the limits of duties and the way of execution of judgments, raises numerous scores and gives other viewpoints for analysts to be utilized in tackling issues in society. The article presented attempts to clarify the perspective of the UK legal framework and compare it with the Iranian legal framework in terms of designing respectful risks within the contract to realize the over the result. All legitimate frameworks look for a full stipend. In this respect, due to the reality that the strategy of remuneration among other remuneration strategies within the UK, the legitimate framework of this nation has set exact criteria based on which the assurance of full emolument. It is more standard and precise. Iranian law is generally appropriate on the issue of damages. This can occur despite the fact that the refusal of the rule of the presence of a way of a stipend in infringement of legally binding commitments has not been considered with assurance.
An Integrated Assessment of Community Ecological Based Adaptation (CEBA) Options in Agriculture for Climate Change Adaptation, Resilience Building and Sustainability in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Central Zambia
Authors: Sakapaji Stephen Chitengi
Published: November 2021

Climate change remains a serious global problem posing a wide range of challenges and impacts which will likely hinder the attainment of the widely discussed sustainable development goals (SDGs). The impacts and threats from a changing climate have the potential to significantly impact all sectors of the global economy and will largely be multifaceted, multidimensional, and multi-sectoral. These adverse impacts will to a greater extent, be manifested at the local and community level where the adaptability capacity is weak and resources are scarce. In the last two decades, there has been growing support and evidence that suggests that local people and communities in partnership with their local governments and NGOs are undertaking community ecological based adaptation (CEBA) practices at both the local and community level which are enhancing their adaptability and resilience capacities to a changing climate. CEBA mechanisms are initiatives and practices that local and rural communities across the developing world are sometimes adopting in partnership with their local government and non-governmental organizations to adapt to a changing climate. However, over the years, these initiatives, experiments, and activities have been poorly actualized, communicated, and there is uncertainty on whether these practices and mechanisms are enhancing the adaptability and resilience capacities of the many poor people in these communities. It is from this background that this paper seeks to assess and analyze present and future climate change impacts on agriculture in Central Zambia and further seeks to appraise the effectiveness of CEBA mechanisms being adopted and utilized in this region. Using community assessment and rural appraisal tools this research paper found that indeed some CEBA practices are innovative and effective and are enhancing the adaptability and resilience of the local people in agriculture in this region. The paper recommends that the advancement, funding, and integration of innovative and effective CEBA practices with scientific knowledge and the ultimate replication and incorporation of these practices into developmental and climate change policies can be one of the most beneficial and effective ways for a sustainable, adaptive, and resilient agriculture sector in the face of a changing and unpredictable climate.
Engineering Students’ Perspectives on Progress Tracking and Badge Features
Authors: Kamila Vina Zahrotun , Islamiyah  , Nugraha Ade , Assyifa Nazila Fairuz , Aisyah Rara Puspa
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the opinions of engineering students from various departments regarding the progress tracking and digital badge features applied in courses in the Learning Management System (LMS). The phenomenological design which is a qualitative research method is used in this study. Online forms with close and open questions were used to collect data. The study was conducted with a total of 226 students, who studied in 5 different departments. The data is subject to content analysis. According to the research results, students stated that the features tested triggered motivation to complete assignments and develop other students. As for the opinion of some students that these features should be held in every course in the LMS. Despite the general view of an LMS equipped with these features (Moodle), their general view of the features, especially the progress tracking feature and digital badges is quite good. What needs to be questioned is the willingness of lecturers and policymakers to apply it consistently in the campus environment.
PHILOSOPHY OF MIND AND COGNITIVE MODELLING IN EDUCATION
Authors: Aberšek Boris
Published: November 2021

One of the main reasons there is so much junk in education is that there are so few people who know enough about education and about the sciences that support education, i.e. philosophy, cognitive and neuroscience to put the thing together. Educators have been reliant upon others’ expertise for the interpretations from contemporary science hence have not been able to discern whether the claims made are valid or invalid representations of the research. Without a direct access to the primary research educators may be at risk of misusing results from this advanced research. The need for so called ‘mediator’ in the translation of research to practice has led to a situation where the application of cognitive neuroscience research findings is running ahead of the research itself.
EXPRESSION OF TECHNICAL CREATIVITY AT PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Pešaković Dragica
Published: November 2021

Subjects such as design and technology are in Slovenian primary schools based on students' creativity and discovery and consequently by preparing students to participate in the technical field. As we know, the creative ability is a spontaneity of expression and other creative skills, which can be motivated or hindered by the teachers. Through testing we can get to the image of the actual state of the creative abilities of students. Therefore, a special instrumentation and methodology were developed, which could achieve that the test conditions were equal for all participants.
The purpose of this study was to examine the state-level of technical creative skills of students with the help of a modelled test of creativity. In the verbal part we valued the originality, flexibility and fluency. In non-verbal part we valued originality, flexibility and elaboration. Each element of technical creativity was evaluated through a detailed criterion and benchmark points. The results, which will be presented in the article confirms that students who express a higher level of creativity are more effective in learning. The survey shows that the creativity of students depends on a number of factors, including sex - girls are more creative than boys, and from age - older people are more creative. Students expressed a low level of overall creativity. We can speak about creativity expressed specifically in this test, which can serve for comparison purposes only, not to describe the overall situation. There can be many reasons, but this can already be the subject of other research and another following study.
Key words: basic education, creativity, engineering and technology, engineering creativity.
IMPROVING QUALITY OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS BY RAISING TEACHERS’ COMMUNICATION SKILLS
Authors: Ploj Virtič Mateja , Repnik Robert
Published: November 2021

The quality of the educational process can be measured by different criteria. These criteria are based on factors, including good communication as an important aspect. Similarly to good communication being able to improve the quality of life, the quality of the educational process largely depends on the communication ability of teachers or implementers of education. In his or her job, the teacher has to master communication on different levels: with his or her superior (the principal), colleagues, parents and pupils (students). Not only does the teacher have to educate students by example, he/she occasionally also need to provide assistance in solving conflicts so as to avoid peer violence. During their studies at the university, student teachers should acquire good communication skills. Even though these have been introduced in the content of pedagogical study programmes, their extent is still not sufficient. This paper presents an example of trial Communication in Education laboratory work that was implemented with three generations of 4th year students – future teachers of technical education. Their reaction was very positive and they expressed the desire for additional work to be prepared.
Key words: communication process in the school, personal orientation, reference framework, teacher education.
THE IMPROVEMENT OF READING LITERACY AND ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE IN TECHNICAL EDUCATION
Authors: Cencelj Zvonka , Ropič Marija
Published: November 2021

Teachers often realize that the main cause of learning problems concerning students is a very bad reading literacy. It can be found out that the majority of students have problems reading; they often avoid textual exercises or read them slowly and confront with the problem of not understanding the text they have read. Reading literacy has been dealt with very often lately. Slovenia as a country takes part in some international projects and researches, trying to develop, improve and measure reading literacy.
The following article is written to present the results of the 2009 PISA study on reading literacy, milestones for reading at the end of the third three-year cycle, the level of comprehension in reading and our findings on the functional literacy of elementary school pupils of one of Slovenian schools in teaching technical subjects.
Key words: functional literacy, reading and learning strategies, technical science and technology, reading comprehension.
TEACHERS’ COMPETENCE FOR DEVELOPING READER’S RECEPTION METACOGNITION
Authors: Kerndl Milena , Kordigel Aberšek Metka
Published: November 2021

In recent years metacognition has emerged as a major focus of research interest in cognitive psychology. There has been a growing recognition that metacognition or self awareness including awareness of ourselves as learners helps us to learn more effectively. Also metacognition on self awareness of readers helps the reader to reconstruct a deeper understanding of a text, he is reading. Different kind of texts needs different reading strategies and consequently different ways of metacognitive thinking, which have to be developed in the frame of school curriculum. Literature curriculum should in this context develop reader’s reception metacognition. The article draws upon research currently being undertaken in Slovene schools on teachers’ competence to develop the readers’ reception metacognition of children as readers in schools. It presents the results of the study, where the lack of knowledge about reader’s reception metacognition and the lack of knowledge about the strategies for developing reader’s reception metacognition were established. The article also presents the results of teachers training course for developing reader’s reception metacognition on teacher’s competence for developing reader’s reception metacognition.
Key words: horizon of expectation, metacognition, metacognitive thinking, reader’s reception metacognition, teaching competence.
Development of Metal Cladding Additives for Agricultural Machinery Friction Unit Parts
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Gaidar S.M. , Balkova T.I. ,   Russian State Agrarian University Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Pikina A.M. ,   Russian State Agrarian University Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Abdulkhazra Farhud Naji Najm ,   Russian State Agrarian University Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Golubev I.G. ,   Rosinformagrotekh
Published: November 2021

The choice of materials for the formulation of the metal cladding additive has been theoretically substantiated. A process has been developed and a copper-containing lubricant composition has been synthesized. It is shown that the use of a metal cladding additive having antifriction and antiwear properties reduces 2.9 times the part wear rate. The effect of the additive on the anticorrosion properties and thermal-oxidative stability of the base oil has been studied.
Late-onset Endophthalmitis Caused by Streptococcus Cristatus after Trabeculectomy
Authors: Choe Gon Soo , Kim Hoon Dong , Ahn Byung Heon , Jung Jong Jin
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To report a case of late-onset bleb-associated endophthalmitis caused by streptococcus cristatus (S. cristatus) after trabeculectomy.Case summary: A 59-year-old woman presented with left ocular pain and visual disturbance. She had undergone trabeculectomy of the left eye 2 years ago. At the initial visit, she was only able to count fingers from the left eye. Whitish thin bleb, conjunctival injection, and inflammation were observed in the left anterior chamber, and the fundus could not be visualized. Despite administering topical and systemic antibiotics, the chamber reaction worsened, and hypopyon and inflammatory membrane were noticed the next day. Vitrectomy with phacoemulsification and intravitreal antibiotic injection was performed, and the intravitreal antibiotic injections were repeated over the next two days. Bacterial culture of vitreous fluid showed a growth of S. cristatus 5 days after the surgery, and inflammation improved after 7 days. One month later, she was still only able to count fingers from the left eye, but there were no signs of endophthalmitis.Conclusions: Postoperative endophthalmitis after glaucoma filtering surgeries caused by S. cristatus has not been reported previously from Korea. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first Korean case of late-onset bleb-associated endophthalmitis caused by S. cristatus. If gram-positive cocci are grown in samples from the patients with endophthalmitis after trabeculectomy, resident oral microflora such as S. cristatus should be considered as the causative pathogen.
COVID-19 infection in 50 patients receiving lithium
Authors: Rybakowski Janusz
Published: November 2021

Objectives. The aim of the study was a naturalistic observation of the occurrence and course of COVID-19 infection in fifty patients treated with lithium from March 2020 to March 2021 and not receiving the vaccination against COVID-19 during this period.

Materials and methods. The study group included 23 men and 27 women aged 23–71 (mean 45) receiving lithium for 1–45 (mean 7) years. Bipolar disorder (BD) was diagnosed in 46 patients, including BD type 1 in 19 patients and BD type 2 in 26 patients, and recurrent depression in one patient. The patients were treated with lithium to prevent manic and depressive recurrences, of which six underwent lithium monotherapy. Four patients with schizophrenia receiving clozapine were administered with lithium to treat and prevent neutropenia.

Results. In the study group, 37 patients (74%), including five patients receiving lithium monotherapy, did not develop the infection. The infection was mild in 8 patients and moderately severe in two. Two patients developed lithium intoxication. One patient died of COVID-19 related pneumonia.

Conclusions. The observations made on the study group show that COVID-19 infection occurred in one-fourth of lithium-treated patients. In the majority of the subjects, the infection was benign. The results also suggest that COVID-19 infection and related circumstances may be a risk factor for lithium intoxication.
Review of the literature on the use of MRI in psychiatry with a focus on schizophrenia and bipolar and unipolar affective disorder
Authors: Majchrzycki Jakub , Permoda-Pachuta Agnieszka , Wachowiak Martyna
Published: November 2021

Objectives. Broad neuroimaging studies currently play an important role in the understanding of the principles of the functioning of the central nervous system (CNS). This applies not only to the healthy nervous system, but also to many pathological processes responsible for neurological and psychiatric disease entities. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a diagnostic imaging method has been used in medicine since the 1970s. Currently, the diagnosis of mental disorders and the choice of treatment methods are based primarily on the patient’s history, a structured interview and ancillary psychological tests. However, there is still a lack of more objective methods that can solve many diagnostic problems. Literature review. The aim of this paper is to present the methods of diagnosis by means of magnetic resonance imaging, helpful in many aspects of work with a patient diagnosed with a mental disorder. The paper reviews the literature on specific MRI techniques, such as volumetry, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, diffusion-weighted MR (DMR), fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging), MRI with magnetisation transfer coefficient, and tractography, which may open up new possibilities, also for psychiatry. Because of the large number of papers in this field, the focus was on three psychiatric disorders, i.e. schizophrenia and unipolar and bipolar affective disorder. Conclusions. It seems likely that in future magnetic resonance imaging of the central nervous system may make it possible not only to differentiate between mental disorders or to forecast their course, but also to determine the effectiveness of treatment of mental disorders and to predict possible side effects of the applied pharmacotherapy or electrotherapy.
THE EXISTENCE OF EQUALITY EDUCATION SYSTEM IN PESANTREN SALAFIYAH
Authors: Saiin Asrizal
Published: November 2021

The study in this manuscript discusses the impact on the educational equalization system of Pesantren Salafiyah and designs how Pesantren Salafiyah has always existed in the world of modern education. This research belongs to the type of qualitative study using the document analysis method. The form of data analysis used is descriptive analysis. The research approach method in this paper is library research. This study is divided into four methods, namely, the method of determining the subject, the form of the study, the method of data collection, and the method of data analysis. The result is the ability of Pesantren Salafiyah to make certain accommodations and concessions to find a pattern that they consider appropriate enough to face modernization and changes that are increasingly fast and have a broad impact without sacrificing the essence and other basic things in the existence of the pesantren, so that Pesantren Salafiyah still exists in the midst of the hustle and bustle of modernizing Islamic education
The Classification of Desert and Semi-desert Vegetation of the Caspian Coast (Azerbaijan)
Authors: Huseynova H.
Published: November 2021

The article outlines the fractional classification of the semi-desert, desert vegetation covers of the studied territory of the coastal strip of the Caspian Sea of Azerbaijan. We studied the phytoceonological indicators of communities related to forests, shrubs, semi-desert, desert, vegetation. 3 types, 12 formation classes, 69 formation groups and 92 associations are distinguished.
Biodiversity and Distribution of Mollusks of the Families Unionidae and Corbiculidae in the Downstream of the Zarafshan River
Authors: Boimurodov Kh. , Khоdjaeva N. , Egamkulov A. , Aliyev B.
Published: November 2021

In the aquatic ecosystems of the Amu-Bukhara Reservoir and its environs, 10 species of mollusks and 2 subspecies of mollusks have been identified, which belong to 2 families and 4 genera. It was found that in the reservoir they were distributed in stony soils (2), sandy soils (5) and silts (9). The distribution of 6 species of mollusks and 1 subspecies of mollusks in the Kanimekh reservoir and in the surrounding aquatic ecosystems belonging to 2 families and 4 genera was studied. They are common in rocky soils of the reservoir (2), sandy soils (4) and silts (5).
Prevention of Complications While Drilling Wells in the Yuzhno-priobskoye Field
Authors: Starikov A. , Korzhov Yu.
Published: November 2021

The object of the study is the wells of the southern part of the Priobskoye field. A study of the causes of complications and their consequences was carried out. As a result of the work, an assessment and a detailed analysis of the causes of sticking in the drilling process were made. On the basis of the study, recommendations are presented for carrying out emergency operations while drilling in the southern part of the Priobskoye field. Presents measures to ensure compliance with safety measures when organizing and carrying out work.
Biotechnological Bases of Obtaining Biohumus
Authors: Ergasheva X.
Published: November 2021

Currently, along with the development of agriculture, a certain amount of organic waste is generated from products produced to meet the needs of the population. Organic waste can be recycled with the assistance of earthworms. The technology of processing organic waste using earthworms is of great theoretical and practical importance in solving biotechnological problems. In vermicompost with the help of local earthworms, the content of total nitrogen increased from 0.4 to 0.5%, total phosphorus — from 0.2 to 0.4%, total potassium — from 0.45 to 1.6%, calcium — from 0.15 to 1%, sodium — from 0.12 to 1%.
Effect of Low-molecular Pectin and Metformin on Paclitaxel Toxicity in Rats with Walker Carcinosarcoma
Authors: Kudaibergenova I. , Chakeev I. , Orozaliev M. , Asanalieva A.
Published: November 2021

Recently, researchers have been particularly interested in the use of herbal agents in combination therapy of tumors with a spectrum of regulatory effects, low toxicity, and high bioavailability, as well as drugs that indirectly affect the growth and metastasis of tumor cells. The article presents the results of experiments on the study of the combined effect of metformin, low molecular weight pectin and cytostatic agent — paclitaxel on the transplantable tumor — Walker’s carcinosarcoma 256, in order to reduce the toxic effect of the chemotherapy drug. With the combined administration of pectin and paclitaxel (10 mg/kg), metformin and paclitaxel (10 mg/kg), inhibition of tumor growth was observed. On the 25th day, the death of 50% of the animals was observed in the first group, and in the remaining 50%, complete tumor regression was observed. With a single administration of paclitaxel at a single dose of 10 mg / kg of live weight, 62.5% of the animals died in the first 4 days. The combination of drugs (pectin + metformin + paclitaxel) at various single doses of paclitaxel (10, 20, and 25 mg/kg) had an antagonistic effect, showing worse results than the use of each drug with a cytostatic alone (death of animals in the period from 1 to 6 days). Thus, the experimental results demonstrated a clear toxicity reduction effect at high doses of paclitaxel in combination with pectin or metformin.
Comprehensive Assessment of the Severity of the Condition in Pneumonia in Babies
Authors: Mikhailova V. , Saatova G. , Kabaeva D.
Published: November 2021

The aim of the study was to study the influence of the clinical picture features in patients with mild, moderate and severe pneumonia with favorable and fatal outcomes. Material and methods of research. 412 children with pneumonia were under observation: mild, severe pneumonia with a favorable outcome, severe pneumonia with an unfavorable outcome. The results of the study. Severe pneumonia with an unfavorable outcome did not clinically differ from severe pneumonia with recovery: unfavorable dynamics of the course, characterized by an increase in symptoms of toxicosis of the 3rd degree (25.0%), respiratory failure of the 3rd degree (66.6%) and multiple organ disorders, while the manifestations of bronchopulmonary syndrome differed little. Complications (atelectasis, pneumothorax, pleurisy, pulmonary destruction) were observed in 28 (77.7%) patients. The severity of the course of pneumonia in infants is significantly influenced by the initial level of health.
Periprosthetic Fractures of the Proximal Femur: Modern Concepts
Authors: Karmyshbekov M. , Dzhumabekov S.
Published: November 2021

With the increasing demand for total hip arthroplasty in trauma and orthopedic departments, there is a sharp increase in periprosthetic fractures. Considering the high morbidity and mortality associated with these fractures, the orthopedic traumatologist must be prepared to address this problem. This article provides an algorithmic approach that will make it easy to classify and deliver the correct treatment.
Evaluation of Melasma Treatment Effectiveness by Skin Biophysical Indices
Authors: Kurbanova
Published: November 2021

This article presents an assessment of the effectiveness of treatment of melasma according to the biophysical indicators of skin 176 patients who applied to the DIVA EFFECT private cosmetology clinic in Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan) in 2018–2020. The control group included 85 women without facial skin pigmentation. Criteria for inclusion in the study of patients: age 20–60 years, skin pigmentation for 1–12 years, residence in Kyrgyzstan, informed consent and consent to procedures for diagnosis, treatment. Amounts of sebum on skin surface, level of skin moisture and pigmentation, acid-alkaline balance of skin are determined. Despite the lack of sebum in all types of melasma, greater fat content was detected at 20–29 years old, including in the control group. The treatment helped to increase skin humidity, but with different intensities. Treatment slightly increased skin humidity, but only dry skin was characteristic of patients, both in the experimental and control groups. In patients of the control group, skin pH was from 4.1±0.5 to 4.8±0.5. The acid-alkaline balance of the skin in patients was mainly lower than normal, with the exception of the age group of 20–29 years, 30–39 years with dermal melasma. After treatment, the melanin content was within normal range at all types of melasma compared to the control group. The treatment performed reduced skin greasiness in epidermal and dermal type, acid-alkaline skin balance in dermal and mixed type. Melanin levels decreased and skin humidity increased slightly with all types.
Features of the World Household Appliances Market
Authors: Mishin A.
Published: November 2021

This article analyzes the world market for household appliances. Its main tendencies, features of development are considered, factors influencing its development are considered. The study determined that different regions of the world have their own characteristics and reasons for the growth of the household appliances market. For example, North America is a developed market with high product penetration, with great emphasis on product advertising. In Europe, low interest rates on loans and a good economic situation play an important role. The European market is seeing an increase in demand for premium products. The Asia-Pacific home appliance market is expected to show strong growth, driven by rising household incomes, rapid urbanization, a growing middle class, easy access to goods through the development of retail channels, easy access to consumer finance and lifestyle changes.
Usefulness of Coulomb Static Stress Changes in Earthquake Hazard Studies: An Example from the Lake Van Area, Eastern Turkey
Authors: Utkucu Murat , Durmuş Hatice
Published: November 2021

It has been globally documented over different tectonic environments that Coulomb static stress changes caused by a mainshock can promote or demote stresses along the neighboring faults and thus triggers or delays following seismicity. In the present study Coulomb stress changes of the earthquakes in the Lake Van area are calculated using available data and the likely source faults. The calculated stress change maps demonstrate that the large earthquakes in the Lake Area are mostly stressed by the preceding earthquakes, suggesting earthquake rupture interactions. It is further suggested that Coulomb stress maps could be used for constraining the likely locations of the future large earthquakes and in the earthquake hazard mitigation studies.