bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Possibilities of interlinking the genomic data and allergenic potential of apples
Authors: Bilčíková Jana , Zamiešková Lucia , Fialková Veronika , Žiarovská Jana
Published: September 2019

Apple allergy belongs to the most prevalent fruit allergies which in North and Central Europe is mainly attributed to cross-reaction between Bet v 1 allergen from birch pollen and Mal d 1 major apple allergen.  For a long time, patients observed symptoms of unequal severity after consumption of different apple cultivars. This led scientific community to search for the basis of the cultivar-specific allergenicity. According to several studies, the amount of Mal d 1 allergen plays an important role. Currently, notable attention is mainly concentrated on genetic variability as the primary source of different allergenic potential. Mal d 1 gene family is a large family of gene isoforms and their variants differing in the primary sequence. These sequence alternations may cause changes in protein structure and potentially affect the binding capacity to IgE and thus the allergenic potential. Among many methods available to analyze genetic variability, restriction fragment length polymorphism is simple technique suitable to analyze variability of Mal d 1 allergen. This paper aims to provide a brief overview of a possible approach of interlinking genomic data (e.g. as by RFLP profiles) and clinically proven apple allergenicity.
Análise iconográfica do tópico evolução biológica em livros didáticos de biologia para o ensino médio
Authors: Braunstein Guilherme Kunde , Eichler Marcelo Leandro
Published: September 2019

Considerando os livros didáticos um bom reflexo dos currículos escolares e a evolução biológica o eixo central da biologia, realizou-se por meio desse trabalho a análise do uso de desenhos, de infográficos e de diagramas e dos seus importantes papeis como mediadores do ensino e da aprendizagem do tema evolução biológica. Sendo isso feito por meio de uma análise iconográfica desse assunto em livros de biologia de ensino médio de autores com obras aprovadas pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD 2012). A partir dessa análise, verificou-se que os livros apresentam poucas descrições e explicações sobre como  diagramas e cladogramas devem ser lidos ou interpretados. Também se observou a preferência dos autores por diagramas que podem ser considerados de difícil compreensão. Apesar disso, pode-se notar que os autores têm apresentado diferentes modificações desses diagramas, melhorando-os, o que tem permitido uma melhor interpretação dos diagramas evolutivos.
As relações interdisciplinares entre artes visuais e física/astronomia: um olhar nas culturas indígenas e a questão da transposição didática
Authors: Ducheiko Letícia Laís , Parrilha da Silva Josie Agatha
Published: September 2019

O objetivo da pesquisa foi desenvolver uma proposta interdisciplinar com conteúdo referente a cultura indígena a partir das áreas de Artes Visuais e da Astronomia.A teoria da Transposição Didática de Chevallard (2005) foi utilizada para embasar a pesquisa. A partir do entendimento que o material didático poderia ser um instrumento para realização da transposição didática, a pesquisa foi organizada em dois momentos. No primeiro momento, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre as culturas indígenas, nas áreas de Artes Visuais e Astronomia e, no segundo momento, elaborou-se um material didáticosobrea cultura indígena para ser utilizado no ensino escolar.Com esta pesquisa percebeu-se que em culturas indígenas tanto os aspectos artísticos quanto os astronômicos estão interligados e que é possível unir a Arte e a Ciência das culturas indígenas no ambiente escolar a partir da transposição didática.
Editorial
Authors: Martini Viviane Paula
Published: September 2019

Editorial v. 10, n. 3
Aprendizagem móvel no Brasil: um mapeamento de teses e dissertações
Authors: Carvalho Jaqueline Nunes , Galvanin Edinéia Aparecida dos Santos , Santos Welvesley Da Silva
Published: September 2019

Esse artigo objetiva mapear as teses e dissertações brasileiras que abordam sobre a aprendizagem móvel nas áreas de educação e/ou ensino. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter documental, que como fonte de dados utilizou o banco de teses e dissertações da CAPES, realizando buscas por palavras-chave com um recorte dos trabalhos publicados a partir de 2013 até novembro de 2016 e área de concentração voltadas para a educação e/ou ensino. As análises realizadas levantaram dados referentes a: distribuição dos trabalhos por ano, titulação, regiões, instituições, área de concentração, linha de pesquisa e tema de estudo. Os resultados indicaram o cenário da aprendizagem móvel no Brasil, e possibilitou verificar as lacunas dessa linha de pesquisa ainda emergente.
Concepções acerca da inclusão de um laboratório de acesso remoto com experimentos de física contemporânea
Authors: Luciano Arquimedes , Altoe Fusinato Polonia
Published: September 2019

A física moderna e contemporânea constitui um campo científico muito desenvolvido, sendo a base teórica de funcionamento de inúmeros dispositivos, produzindo, assim, vasta gama de aplicações utilizadas na vida cotidiana da sociedade atual. Diversos são os problemas associados à inclusão desses temas no ensino médio, entre estes se podem citar os custos de implantação de laboratórios com experimentos de temas de física moderna para todas as escolas da rede pública. Além de tais custos também há a necessidade de preparação docente, para a aplicação de uma estratégia metodológica que permita a discussão de tais temas com os alunos, garantindo o aprendizado. Para esta pesquisa o objetivo de investigar o potencial pedagógico de um laboratório de acesso remoto para o ensino de física moderna e contemporânea (FMC) no ensino médio. E, para permitir a obtenção do objetivo geral acima proposto, elencamos como objetivos específicos de nosso trabalho identificar, por meio das atividades de ensino de FMC, a influência do uso de um laboratório de acesso remoto no desenvolvimento da atividade experimental com alunos do terceiro ano do ensino médio junto à componente curricular física; analisar a utilização de atividades experimentais enquanto estratégia metodológica para fornecer benefícios para a aprendizagem de conceitos da FMC. Foi desenvolvido um laboratório de acesso remoto e o experimento utilizado nesta investigação foi uma câmara de nuvens. A sequência de ensino utilizada garantiu ações delineadas pelo ciclo descrição-execuçãoreflexão-depuração, proposto pela teoria construcionista, de Valente e Papert. Durante as ações foram conduzidas entrevistas junto aos professores e questionários foram aplicados aos alunos participantes. As respostas transcritas foram analisadas, segundo a técnica de análise textual discursiva, tais repostas permitiram verificar as potencialidades de uso do laboratório de acesso remoto como facilitador da inclusão de tópicos de FMC no ensino médio.
Editorial
Authors: Castilho Foggiatto Silveira Rosemari Monteiro
Published: September 2019

Editorial v.11, n.3
O uso de textos de divulgação científica em atividades didáticas: uma revisão
Authors: Batistele Márcio César Braga , Diniz Natália De Paiva , Oliveira Jane Raquel Silva de
Published: September 2019

Neste artigo apresentamos um levantamento de trabalhos desenvolvidos na área de ensino de ciências que reportam o uso de textos de divulgação científica (TDC) em atividades didáticas aplicadas em sala de aula do Ensino Fundamental e do Ensino Médio. A pesquisa, do tipo estado da arte, foi realizada nos anais do Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa em Educação em Ciências e em periódicos nacionais da área de Ensino de Ciências, abrangendo um período de 20 anos. Analisamos nos trabalhos os seguintes aspectos: contextos de aplicação das atividades (nível de ensino, disciplina); objetivos didáticos das atividades; tipos de TDC utilizados; estratégias usadas; e principais contribuições das atividades destacadas pelos autores. Observamos que a maioria das atividades didáticas usa textos de revistas de divulgação científica, adotando principalmente leitura e discussão como estratégias didáticas e estimulando habilidades de leitura, argumentação e aprendizagem de conceitos científicos
Panorama de publicações no ensino de ciências e educação inclusiva: o que tem sido produzido?
Authors: Machado Maíra Souza , Siqueira Maxwell Roger Purificação , Rocha-Oliveira Rafaela , Duarte Ana Cristina Santos
Published: September 2019

A investigação realizada, neste trabalho, apresenta a produção acadêmica do campo da Formação de Professores de Ciências com a Educação Inclusiva, propondo conhecer o que tem sido produzido na área de Educação em Ciências. Com esse propósito, realizamos uma revisão bibliográfica sobre pesquisas que abordam as referidas temáticas, procurando identificar e descrever artigos publicados em periódicos científicos nacionais da área de Ensino, teses e dissertações disponíveis no banco de teses da Capes e na Biblioteca digital de teses e dissertações no período de 2004 – 2019. Dessa forma, 33 trabalhos foram encontrados, sendo destacadas marcas comuns denominadas de descritores: foco temático da pesquisa; metodologia utilizada para a construção dos dados e a especificidade da deficiência. Identificamos também a necessidade de se ampliar os estudos de descrição, análise e avaliação na área, intensificando esta linha de investigação que vem acontecendo em tempos mais recentes.
Ensaios de corrosão de longa duração de metais expostos ao ambiente das estações de tratamento de esgoto
Authors: Maçaneiro Marcela , Machado Filho José Geraldo , Turchiello Rozane De Fatima , Galvão José Carlos Alves
Published: September 2019

Os ensaios de corrosão em campo são importantes para a determinação do comportamento dos materiais perante determinado meio corrosivo e estimar a sua durabilidade. Neste trabalho avaliou-se o desempenho de materiais metálicos no ambiente agressivo das águas residuais das Estações de Tratamento de Esgoto (ETE). Foram produzidos corpos-de-prova (CP) de aço carbono SAE-1010, aço inox AISI-304 e aço galvanizado os quais foram submetidos às condições reais do meio corrosivo em campo. Os materiais analisados foram acompanhados durante 460 dias realizando-se, periodicamente, a inspeção visual e o acompanhamento da perda de massa percentual e da taxa de corrosão. O aço galvanizado teve seu desempenho comprometido quando se iniciou a sua dezincificação, o que inutilizou o material. O SAE-1010 obteve perda de massa constante e taxa de corrosão decrescente. O AISI-304 foi o material que apresentou as menores perdas de massa percentuais e, consequentemente, as menores taxas de corrosão.
Princípios da Lei da Gravitação Universal aplicada ao potencial de atração de pessoas
Authors: Schneider Alessandro Vinicios
Published: September 2019

Princípios da lei da gravitação universal aplicada ao potencial de atração de pessoas. Neste trabalho é discutida a associação da Lei da Gravitação Universal para estimar o potencial de atração de pessoas por município, visando investigar a dinâmica econômica regional. Tais concepções foram aplicadas em um experimento envolvendo informações dos fluxos de passageiros no transporte coletivo intermunicipal da região do Segundo Planalto Paranaense, estado do Paraná, Brasil, além de fatores econômicos da região. Foi observado que os fluxos no transporte coletivo intermunicipal são diretamente proporcionais ao tamanho das massas das populações e inversamente proporcionais a distância que separa os municípios. Assim, de acordo com a Lei de Gravitação Universal, quanto maior a população do município e mais centralizada for essa força, maior será seu potencial de atração de pessoas. Entretanto com o esgotamento do fator de produção “terra” do lugar central, ocorre uma maior utilização desse fator proporcionando uma elevação dos preços nas áreas adjacentes ou mais próximas da centralidade. Outras associações também são apresentadas no trabalho, demonstrando aplicações da Lei da Gravitação Universal na investigação da dinâmica econômica regional.
Desenvolvimento rural no território
Authors: Alencar Cristina Maria Macêdo de
Published: September 2019

Neste artigo ensaístico coloca-se em diálogo das noções “território”, “regional” e “rural” enquanto categorias teoricamente concorrentes embora sejam tratadas como sinônimos sintagmáticos sob a égide do desenvolvimento. Questiona-se a concepção de território que perpassa as intervenções governamentais para o desenvolvimento rural, o que leva necessariamente ao questionamento sobre o rural de que se está falando e como essas categorias ganham perspectiva regional. Embora sejam reflexões teóricas e epistemológicas, a base da reflexão é a constatação de fenômenos empíricos decorrentes do planejamento governamental para o desenvolvimento quer do rural quer do município. Os dados da realidade empírica fazem acessar uma relação pouco visibilizada nos termos desse desenvolvimento que é a relação entre o rural e o urbano como processo de subalternização da vida rural pelo ideário civilizatório urbano. Os fenômenos empíricos de que se fala dizem respeito a ações voltadas à política energética que incidem sobre agricultores familiares e pescadores artesanais, respectivamente do Território de Identidade Agreste de Alagoinhas / Litoral Norte e, do arquipélago Tinharé/Boipeba, ambos no estado da Bahia. A perspectiva epistemológica adotada é a do pensamento complexo operacionalizado a partir da noção de ruralidade metropolitana que coloca a expansão da metrópole no cerne da hegemonia do desenvolvimento.
Tecnologia de aquecimento solar em uma instituição de longa permanência para idosos: um estudo da melhoria na qualidade de vida
Authors: Carmo Mirla Carolina Braga do , Magalhães Cláudio Márcio
Published: September 2019

O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o uso da energia solar térmica para aquecimento de água (banho) como um fator capaz de influenciar na melhoria da qualidade de vida de idosos institucionalizados. O caso estudado trata da utilização desse tipo de tecnologia na Instituição de Longa Permanência Vila Vicentina, em Sete Lagoas / MG, cuja instalação foi realizada pelo Grupo de Estudo e Pesquisa em Energia (GEPEN), da Empresa de Energia de Minas Gerais (CEMIG). e a Agência de Financiamento à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (Fapemig). Para associar as temáticas inerentes ao bem-estar dos idosos e de desenvolvimento humano, realizou-se pesquisa de campo baseada no formulário internacional de análise de qualidade de vida da Organização Mundial da Saúde, o WHOQOL-BREF, acrescido de informações coletadas em entrevistas semiestruturadas. Como resultado, identificou-se a contribuição do sistema de aquecimento solar para o aumento do bem-estar dos idosos, fortalecimento de sua autonomia e a identificação de um sentimento de pertencimento e protagonismo frente à instalação do sistema.
Epidemiology, etiology and prevention of postpneumonectomy pleural empyema
Authors: Petrov Danail B. , Subotic Dragan , Yankov Georgi S. , Valev Dinko G. , Mekov Evgeni V.
Published: September 2019

Background: Pleural empyema after pneumonectomy still poses a serious postoperative complication. A broncho-pleural fistula is often detected. Despite various therapeutic options developed over the last five decades it remains a major surgical challenge.

Materials and methods: A literature search in MEDLINE database was carried out (accessed through PubMed), by using a combination of the following key-words and MeSH terms: pneumonectomy, postoperative, complications, broncho-pleural fistula, empyema, prevention. The following areas of intervention were identified: epidemiology, etiology, prevention.

Results: Pleural empyema in a post-pneumonectomy cavity occurs in up to 16% of patients with a mortality of more than 10%. It is associated with broncho-pleural fistula in up to 80% of them, usually in the early postoperative months. Operative mortality could reach 50% in case of broncho-pleural fistula. Unfavourable prognostic factors are: benign disease, COPD, right-sided surgery, neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy, time of chest tube removal, long bronchial stump and mechanical ventilation. Bronchial stump protection with vascularised flaps is of utmost importance in the prevention of complications.

Conclusion: Postpneumonectomy pleural empyema is a common complication with high mortality. The existing evidence confirms the role of bronchopleural fistula prevention in the prevention of life-threatening complications.
Dental Fear of 6-12-year-old Children - Role of Parents, Gender and Age
Authors: Shindova Maria P. , Blecheva Ani B. , Raycheva Jeny G.
Published: September 2019

Aim: To investigate the level of dental fear in middle childhood and the impact of various personal and social factors that contribute to developing dental fear.

Materials and methods: The study included sixty-seven 6-12-year-old children and their parents, randomly selected while receiving their treatment at the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Plovdiv. A modified version of Dental Subscale of the Children’s Fear Survey Schedule (CFSS-DS) was used to assess the dental fear of each patient. An interview was conducted with the parents to gather information about patient’s gender and age, parent’s dental anxiety (Corah’s dental anxiety scale-DAS) and pre-appointment preparation of children.

Results: The results show that the mean of CFSS-DS for children is 30.28±1.17. Concerning the age and gender the comparison between groups of patients with different levels of dental fear demonstrate no significant difference (p>0.05). 60.6%±0.49 of parents prepare their children themselves for the future dental visit and 39.4%±0.49 rely on the dentists to do it. The analysis shows that parent’s dental anxiety and pre-appointment preparation are not associated with the level of dental fear of their children (p>0.05).

Conclusions: In middle childhood the majority of children show no or low level of dental fear. The personal and social factors we studied are not determinant risk factors for 6-12-year-old children to develop dental fear.
Ethical and Legal Aspects of Medical Screening for Early Diagnosis of Diseases. Prevention and Prophylaxis
Authors: Ilieva Antonia G.
Published: September 2019

Introduction: The main priorities of the implemented health policies in the Republic of Bulgaria are directly aimed at preserving and improving the health of the population, providing equal access of patients to modern and efficient healthcare, promptness and quality, in compliance with the normative requirements of the offered health service. In this sense, the focus of these health policies is to prioritize prevention and prophylaxis of early diagnosis of diseases. It is much more reasonable to prevent the disease or to manage it at an early stage than to slow down the treatment until the pathological processes develop into severe or irreversible complications.

Aim: The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the effectiveness of existing legal acts governing the implementation of a common health policy in the field of health promotion and prevention. Another aim is to localize regulatory gaps and make relevant optimization suggestions.

Materials and methods: The analysis of this systematic review is based on a thorough review of the existing regulatory framework (statutory and regulative legislation, case law, European practice) that concerns public health. Articles focused directly on the issues of medical screening and public health in a national and global perspective have been studied.Results: Two major legal acts, two regulations and strategies of the World Health Organization are considered. Suggestions for optimization of the control activity of the administrative bodies in the sector are presented.

Conclusions: From the analysis done, proposals for optimization of the existing legal framework in the sector of health-care were made. The proposals were made based on the results of the analysis of w8orld trends regarding the methodology for state funding of medical screening for early diagnosis of diseases.

The issue in question is up to date and raises issues related to legislative regulation, moral, ethical and deontological principles to which the medical profession adheres, as well as the health policy that is followed by the Ministry of Health in this aspect.
A Rare Case of Posterior Tibial Artery Hypoplasia and Fibular Artery Enlargement and their Impact on the Arterial Supply of Posterior Crural Region
Authors: Piagkou Maria , Kapetanakis Stylianos , Tsakotos George , Samolis Alexandros , Anastasopoulos Nikolaos , Natsis Konstantinos
Published: September 2019

Background: Detailed knowledge of the popliteal artery division and possible anatomical variants is of paramount importance for vascular surgery.

Aim: The aim of the current study was to highlight a rare unilateral case of posterior tibial artery hypoplasia.

Materials and methods: A dissection was performed at the posterior surface of the tibia in a 78-year-old Caucasian male cadaver of Greek origin.

Results: The findings were consistent with unilateral posterior tibial artery hypoplasia and fibular artery enlargement. The variant fibular artery supplied the posterior surface of the distal leg and foot. Clinical implications of the fibular artery dominance are discussed.

Conclusions: Rare anatomical variants of the tibial artery are of clinical significance to maximize safety and minimize intraoperative complications.
Pharmacological correction of periodontitis using synthetic analogues of indolicidin
Authors: Kutepov Igor V. , Lyashev Yuri D.
Published: September 2019

Introduction: The leading role of pathogenic microorganisms in the pathogenesis of periodontitis is beyond doubt. However, the use of antibiotics for periodontitis is associated with a number of problems. Indolicidins have a unique anti-microbial effect. The relevance of the search for new drugs for the treatment of acute periodontitis based on the natural indolicidin peptide becomes obvious.

Materials and methods: The investigation was performed on 320 Wistar male rats, using synthetic analogues of natural indolicidin: No. 7 and No. 8, which were administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 500 µg/kg in a volume of 0.2 ml once a day for 7 days. Periodontitis was simulated in animals according to the method proposed by Volozhin A.I. and Vinogradova S.I.

Results and discussion: The correcting effect of indolicidin analogues on the periodontitis course, was manifested by a decrease in edema and in the relative area of cell infiltrates, a significant increase in the relative area of normal tissue, and a correction of the periodontal composition. The use of indolicidin analogues led to an increase in the functional activity of neutrophils and macrophages, acute phase proteins concentration, a correction of pro-oxidantantioxidant balance and production of vasoactive substances. The effect of indolicidin analogues was higher than that of lincomycin. The greater effectiveness of peptide No.8 compared to that of No.7 was established.

Conclusion: The investigation opens up the prospects of the synthesis of new antimicrobial drugs on the basis of the synthetic analogues of indolicidin.
The value of extended amygdala structures in emotive effects of narcogenic with diverse chemical structure
Authors: Roik Roman O. , Lebedev Andrei A. , Shabanov Petr D.
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Studies on the mechanisms of the reinforcing action of opioid and non-opioid narcotics confirmed the existence in the brain of a specialized system named the extended amygdala.

Materials and methods: To clarify the value of the extended amygdala structures (bed nucleus, central nucleus of the amygdala and nucleus accumbens shell) in the mechanisms of unconditioned and conditioned reinforcement activated by various narcogenic, this paper carried out a neuropharmacological analysis of these effects, using blockade of dopamine receptors, GABA, opioids and CRF receptors within these brain structures, as well as an analysis of behavioral responses by self-stimulation (unconditioned reinforcement) and conditioned place preference (CPP) (conditioned reinforcement).

Results and discussion: The central amygdala and the bed nucleus have a controlling influence on the hypothalamus, which is predominantly of CRF-, GABA- and dopaminergic nature. Through D1 dopamine receptors,, a direct positive (activating) effect on the lateral hypothalamus is made. The D2 receptor blockade of the nucleus accumbens prevents narcogenic from exerting the reinforcing properties, which are primarily stimulating. The blockade of the D1 receptors of the nucleus accumbens by SCH-23390 prevents the expression of unconditioned and conditioned reinforcing properties of predominantly opiates and opioids. The blockade of GABAA receptors in the nucleus accumbens with bicuculline prevents the manifestation of the primary and secondary reinforcing properties (CPP) of psychostimulant drugs (amphetamine), without affecting the effects of opiates and opioids (fentanyl and leu-enkephalin).

Conclusion: The pharmacological analysis proves that CRF, dopamine and GABA receptors are most important for the correction of reinforcement activated by various narcogenic.
Parasites in feces of the endemic rattlesnake, Crotalus triseriatus (Serpentes: Viperidae), from Mexican highlands
Authors: Soria-Díaz Leroy , Rábago-Castro Jaime Luis , Domínguez-Vega Hublester , Gómez-Ortíz Yuriana , Manjarrez Javier , Garrido-Olvera Lorena
Published: September 2019

There are few studies about parasitic infections in Crotalus triseriatus (Wagler, 1830), an endemic rattlesnake from the highlands of central Mexico. This species occupies several habitats, from conserved forested regions to heavily impacted landscapes. To increase the parasitological knowledge of this reptile species without impacting populations, we obtained fecal samples of 16 rattlesnakes between 2012 and 2014 from Toluca Valley, Mexico. By using flotation technique, we found oocysts of Eimeria sp. and eggs of Capillariidae sp. The most frequent parasite was Eimeria sp. (62.5%). This study provides the first records of occurrence of parasites in reptilian feces from Mexico. Our results may be important for wildlife conservation purposes, for example, they could indicate of the population health of this species during processes of translocation.
Bifidobacterium longum-fermented rice bran and rice bran supplementation affects the gut microbiome and metabolome
Authors: Nealon N.J. , Parker K.D. , Lahaie P. , Ibrahim H. , Maurya A.K. , Raina K. , Ryan E.P.
Published: September 2019

This study investigated gut microbiota composition along with food, host, and microbial derived metabolites in the colon and systemic circulation of healthy mice following dietary rice bran and fermented rice bran intake. Adult male BALB/c mice were fed a control diet or one of two experimental diets containing 10% w/w rice bran fermented byBifidobacterium longumor 10% w/w non-fermented rice bran for 15 weeks. Metabolomics was performed on the study diets (food), the murine colon and whole blood. These were analysed in concert with 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of faeces, caecum, and colon microbiomes. Principal components analysis of murine microbiota composition displayed marked separation between control and experimental diets, and between faecal and tissue (caecum and colon) microbiomes. Colon and caecal microbiomes in both experimental diet groups showed enrichment ofRoseburia, Lachnospiraceae, andClostridialesrelated amplicon sequence variants compared to control. Bacterial composition was largely similar between experimental diets. Metabolite profiling revealed 530 small molecules comprising of 39% amino acids and 21% lipids that had differential abundances across food, colon, and blood matrices, and statistically significant between the control, rice bran, and fermented rice bran groups. The amino acid metabolite, N-delta-acetylornithine, was notably increased byB. longumrice bran fermentation when compared to non-fermented rice bran in food, colon, and blood. These findings support that dietary intake of rice bran fermented withB. longummodulates multiple metabolic pathways important to the gut and overall health.
Aflatoxin M1 binding by lactic acid bacteria in milk
Authors: Ahlberg S. , Kärki P. , Kolmonen M. , Korhonen H. , Joutsjoki V.
Published: September 2019

This research focused on biocontrol solution to increase food safety through studying lactic acid bacteria (LAB) which can bind aflatoxins in milk. Aflatoxins are toxic contaminants found in feeds and foods. In milk aflatoxin is found in metabolised form, aflatoxin M1 (AFM1). Three indigenous LAB Lactobacillus strains and one Lactococcus strain isolated from Kenyan spontaneously fermented foods were tested for their AFM1 binding abilities in different conditions and after different treatments along with two reference Lactobacillus strains. Binding of AFM1 in different concentrations was examined with unconcentrated, concentrated, heat treated and concentrated heat-treated LAB cultures. Observed binding of AFM1 by LAB varied between 11 to 100%, being approximately at the level of 40% throughout the analysis sets. The results of this study suggest that the aflatoxin binding ability by LAB strain is not strongly strain specific and depends on many external and condition variables. Also, the methods used in determination of aflatoxin binding warrant critical evaluation.
Affiliate Stigma and Psychosocial Adaption Among Adolescents Who Have a Parent With Serious Mental Illness: Mediation Role of Family Cohesion
Authors: Cai Chunfeng , Zhang Xi , Sheng Qingqing , Ding Lina
Published: September 2019

The current cross-sectional study examined the relationship between affiliate stigma and externalizing and internalizing problems by investigating the role of family cohesion among adolescents having a parent with serious mental illness (SMI). One hundred sixty-four adolescents were recruited from two community mental health centers. Family cohesion, affiliate stigma, and adolescent internalizing and externalizing problems were assessed. A significant relationship was found between adolescent externalizing and internalizing problems and family cohesion (
r
= −0.462,
p
< 0.01 and
r
= −0.534,
p
< 0.001, respectively) and affiliate stigma (
r
= 0.512,
p
< 0.01 and
r
= 0.656,
p
< 0.001, respectively). Family cohesion partially mediated the relation between affiliate stigma and externalizing problems (
Z
= −4.97,
p
< 0.001) and fully mediated the relation between affiliate stigma and internalizing problems (
Z
= −5.18,
p
< 0.001). The current study highlights the need for effective interventions aimed at families to support parents with SMI in their parenting role and enhance family cohesion. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 57
(12), 39–47.]
Effectiveness Analysis of Edmodo-Based Blended English Learning Mode
Authors: Cao Shuting , Liu Haiyuan
Published: September 2019

This paper attempts to overcome the defects of traditional English learning mode, including poor real-time communication ability, heavy reliance on individual self-discipline, and undesirable learning effect. Drawing on the theories of English learning motivation, the author analyzed the relationship between learning motiva-tion and learning behavior in light of the Edmodo-based blended English learning mode, and put forward the English learning persistence rate formula, thus reveal-ing the correlations between learning cost, objective external learning environ-ment, learning motivation, and learning persistent rate. In addition, the English courses were made more pertinent according to the Ebbinghaus forgetting curve. The course test data were fitted and weighted, outputting intuitive curves on learning effect. The research results show that the Edmodo-based blended Eng-lish learning mode has a significant learning effect, and a guiding significance for English learning and English teaching reform.
Teaching Antonyms to Arabic-Speaking EFL Learners
Authors: Altakhaineh Abdel Rahman Mitib , Hajjo Maram H.
Published: September 2019

This study investigates the impact of different teaching techniques, e.g. projecting pictures using an overhead projector and the traditional way of teaching, in improving Arabic-speaking EFL learners’ production of antonyms in English. A production test was administered, including 20 pairs of antonyms, to assess the students’ knowledge of English antonyms before the instructional intervention. To this end, 40 grade six students were divided into two groups: treatment and control. After the instructional intervention, a Pictionary Test was implemented, including 10 pairs of antonyms as post-test to determine if projecting pictures via an overhead projector can be an effective technique in increasing students’ production of English antonyms. The results showed that the number of accurate answers provided by the treatment group (who were taught using pictures via overhead projector) was higher than that provided by the control group (who were taught via the traditional method). This suggests that the former teaching technique may have played an important role in their performance on the test. It can be concluded that teaching via overhead projector with pictures seems to be an effective instructional intervention in teaching English antonyms.
Teachers’ Consideration in Technology-Integrated Lesson Design – A case of Indonesian EFL Teachers
Authors: Dewi Finita , Lengkanawati Nenden Sri , Purnawarman Pupung
Published: September 2019

Abstract— The ubiquity of technology offers promising benefits of its integration in educational sector. Yet, little is known about the rationale underlying teachers’ decisions concerning their educational uses within the constraints of daily classroom practice. This study aims at exploring teach-rs’ consideration in choosing certain technology tools in the context of technology-integrated lesson design activities. Data were obtained through a focus group discussion during the lesson design which was followed by a semi structured interview. Findings for this study have enhanced the under-standing of some aspects that teachers put into consideration while designing technology-integrated lessons; identifying goals, analyzing learners, planning instructional activities, and choosing the technology tools. In addition, the findings of this study also postulate that during the lesson design activities, teachers need to be triggered by some cognitive prompts in order to sup-port them making some decision on the learning objectives, the stag-es of activities, and the technology tools they need to integrate.
Wear Characteristics on the can Opener of SUS 420J2
Authors: Chang Yuh Ping , Chu Li Ming , Wang Hsiang Yu , Wang Jin Chi
Published: September 2019

Tinplate containers with high strength, good formability and corrosion resistance, has been widely used in food, beverages, grease, chemicals and other applications. In recent years, because of the significantly progress of tinplate container manufacturing technology, many tinplate cans have been opened in easy-open rings. However, a large number of food cans still use can openers as an important tool for opening cans. At present, in addition to the general traditional can opener is a single-edged knife in a lever manner, the other like roller, serrated or electric are driven by a gear wheel to rotate around the can to achieve the purpose of opening the can. Moreover, the wheel materials mainly are made from the stainless steels. To investigate wear characteristics on the can opener of the stainless steel of SUS 420J2, the experiments were conducted by the self-developed friction tester and its measure system in this study. According to the results, the effects of contact stress and sliding speeds on the wear of cutlery of the openers can be clarified.
Friction Properties of Ni-P-SiC Composite Plating in Water
Authors: Miyanaga Norifumi , Tomioka Jun
Published: September 2019

Electroless nickels have been used in practical applications as versatile materials for anti-wear. The wear resistance is well-improved as a composite coating by incorporating particles. Composite platting offers various mechanical and electoronic functions, depending on the combination of a material matrix and particles deposited. Among them Ni-P plating reinforced with SiC particles have been growing in importance owing to its high hardness and better anti-wear properties. In this study, a Ni-P-SiC/Ni-P-SiC system was evaluated using a ball-on-plate type reciprocating tester, and the results were compared with that of SiC/SiC system at room temperature. As the results, the Ni-P-SiC/Ni-P-SiC system with the surfaces where SiC particles were appeared in clumps had the low frictional coefficient around 0.1 even in water.
Flow Stress and Friction of AL6061 and Application to the Cellphone Shell Forging
Authors: Yang Tung Sheng , Hsu Fu Nong
Published: September 2019

Predictive power and final shape are very important in the forging process. This study used a finite element method to analyze the forging force, final shape and stress distribution of the cellphone shell forging at different temperatures. To predict the results of FEM simulation accurately, the stress flow and friction factor play an important role. The AL-6061 stress-strain curve at different temperatures was obtained from the compression test of the universal material testing machine. The friction factor between Al-6061 alloy and die is determined by ring compression test.The stress-strain curve and friction factor are applied to the finite element analysis of cellphone forging. Finite element analysis is used to determine the maximum forging load, effective stress distribution and shape of cellphone shell forging. Then the cellphone shell is forged with the parameters of finite element analysis results. Finally, the forging force and product shape are compared between the experimental data and the simulation results. The dimension of the cellphone shell agree with the initial design and the forming force does not exceed the maximum allowable forging load of the machine.
Study on Cylindrical Heatsink Forging Process Considering Friction Condition
Authors: Yang Tung Sheng , Chen Yong Nan
Published: September 2019

The feasibility of forging of AL-1050 alloy of cylindrical heatsink under warm conditions is demonstrated in the present work. The stress-strain curves and friction factor play an important role in the cylindrical heatsink forging. The purpose of forging lubrication is to reduce friction between blank and die, and to decrease resistance of metal flow to die. The stress-strain curves at different temperatures are obtained by compressing tests. The friction factor between 1050 aluminum alloy and die material are determined at different temperatures by ring compression tests with graphite lubricants. The compressing and ring compressing tests are carried out by using the computerized screw universal testing machine. The finite element method is used to investigate the forming characters of the forging process. To verify the prediction of FEM simulation in the cylindrical heatsink forging process, the experimental parameters such as stress-strain curves and fiction factor, are as the input data during analysis. Maximum forging load and effective stress distribution are determined of the heatsink forging, using the finite element analysis. Finally, the cylindrical heatsink parts are formed by the forging machine under the conditions using finite element analysis.
Application of Suspended Nanoboric Acid as an Efficient Lubrication Additive in Engine Oil
Authors: Kaleli̇ Hakan , Demi̇rtaş Selman , Uysal Veli , Tanriseven Zulhicce , Zhao Jun
Published: September 2019

Lubricants play a vital role in machine life and performance, reducing friction and wear and preventing component failure. Performance-enhancing additives are a vital part of today’s modern lubricants. In response to this need, this experimental work presents the development of the new suspended nanoboric acid (nBA) additive added in engine oil that can drastically lowered friction and wear.This is a new invention of nBA additive hold in suspension and added into 5W-40 fully synthetic commercial lubricating oil. This invention is confidential and realized by Tribor ARGE Co. in Teknopark of YILDIZ Technical University in Istanbul-TURKEY.The particle size of nBA is determined with (Transmission Electron Microscopy) (TEM). Turbiscan Tower Stability Analyzer results proved that nBA particles were in suspension in commercial engine oil. Suspended nBA in engine oil is applied between ball and disk system in order to investigate their effect on friction and wear under lubricated conditions. Simulation and measurement of friction and wear were conducted using a ball on disk reciprocating tribometer UMT-3. Surface analysis was performed using 3D digital optical microscope and surface roughness, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM)/X-Ray and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Boron (B) from nBA is well detected, mixed with other elements of additives and protected the surface under boundary lubrication conditions. The results indicate that nBA can considerably improve the tribological performance of a ball and disk pairs under lubricated conditions. It has found that the friction coefficient is reduced with nBA suspended engine oil and protected the surface on both ball and disk mixing with other additives.
Study of the Preparation of Micro-Elasticity Composite Particles
Authors: Tsai Feng Che , Tsai Wei Feng , Yeh Ju Chun , Huang Hsi Chuan
Published: September 2019

This study aims to develop a set of micro-elasticity abrasives preparation technology. The study developed micro-elasticity abrasives preparation equipment was used to discuss the feasibility of micro-elasticity abrasives preparation under the conditions of different heating temperatures and grain sizes of abrasives. According to the research findings, when the heating molding temperature is about 200 °C, #3000 SiC can be evenly coated on the surface of high polymer material, and the completed PS coated #3000 SiC, can indeed simultaneously retain the cutting properties of abrasives with a single material and the high polymer material property.
Effects of T6 Heat Treatment on Fretting Wear Resistance of the Aluminum-Silicon Alloys
Authors: Chang Yuh Ping , Chu Li Ming , Liu Chien Te , Chen Gao Wei
Published: September 2019

It is well known that damage caused by wear and tear of the mechanical parts always seriously affect the accuracy of machinery. It is very important to improve the material properties of the mechanical elements. Anti-abrasion can improve the durability of machinery and equipment, thereby enhancing industrial competitiveness. Hence, it is important to establish the key technology of wear resistance for the related industries. Since the aluminum-silicon alloys are commonly used on the conditions of severe fretting wear, it is necessary to improve the fretting wear resistance before they are used. Therefore, effects of T6 heat treatment on fretting wear resistance of the aluminum-silicon alloys were investigated in this study. The experimental results of this paper will be very beneficial to the future of precision machinery and vehicle industry to develop more internationally competitive products.
Influence of Niobium Dopant on the Corrosion Resistance of a-C:N and a-C:N:H Coatings
Authors: Su Yen Liang , Yao Sun Hui , Wu Yi Ru
Published: September 2019

Amorphous carbonitride coatings (a-C:N and a-C:N:H) with dopant of niobium (Nb) were deposited on substrates of JIS SKH51 high speed steel (HSS) by a four-target close-field unbalance magnetron sputtering system. Subsequently, they were characterized by GDOS, XRD and XPS, and their corrosion resistance was comparatively evaluated. An electro-chemical tester was used to evaluate the corrosive behavior. An SEM was used to examine the test surface. The results revealed that the Nb dopant provided improvements in the corrosive performance to both the a-C:N and a-C:N:H coatings.
Vibrothermographical Simulation of Cracked Structures
Authors: Hung Chin Yuan , Hwang Yunn Lin , Gau Wei Hsin , Chen Kun Nan
Published: September 2019

This research performs finite element simulations of cracked structures undergoing the vibrothermography process, which is an experimental technique gaining popularity for structural damage identification. In vibrothermography, a vibration shaker is used to excite the test structure. If the structure has cracks or defects, frictional heat will be generated at those cracks and thermal images can be recorded by an infrared camera. The vibrothermographical simulation includes modal analysis, transient vibration and transient thermal analysis. Two simulated examples are presented in this work: the first one is an aluminum-alloy plate with a hairline crack; the second example is a brake rotor with a hairline crack on one of the bolt-hole surfaces. Although higher modes are usually more difficult to excite, they may be used in vibrothermography to detect structural cracks more efficiently.
Synthesis, structure and hydrogen sorption properties of a pyrazine-bridged copper(I) nitrate metal-organic framework
Authors: Nfor Emmanuel Ngwang , Burrows Andrew David , Ndosiri Bridget Ndoye , Keenan Luke Lawrence , Offiong Offiong Efanga
Published: September 2019

A new copper(I) pyrazine-bridged coordination polymer [Cu2(pyz)3(NO3)2]·2DMF] (pyz = pyrazine) (1) has been synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, TG/DTG, DSC and single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. The X-ray crystallographic result reveals a two-dimensional network structure containing hexagonal pores. Thermal analysis of compound 1 reveals it is stable to 380 °C, and gas sorption studies showed that it adsorbs 1.04 wt% hydrogen at 1 atm and 77 K. Compound 1 crystallizes in a triclinic system, space group P-1 (no. 2), a = 7.9550(2) Å, b = 7.9810(2) Å, c = 11.0660(3) Å, α = 76.328(1)°, β = 71.115(1)°, γ = 84.577(1)°, V = 645.79(3) Å3, Z = 2, T = 150(2) K, μ(MoKα) = 1.709 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.639 g/cm3, 11111 reflections measured (7° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 54.96°), 2951 unique (Rint = 0.0539) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.0346 (>2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.0727 (all data).
Synthesis, spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic analysis of N-(2-(2-(4-chlorophenoxy)acetamido)phenyl)-1H-indole-2-carboxamide
Authors: Al-Ostoot Fares Hezam , Stondus Jigmat , Anthal Sumati , Venkatesh Geetha Doddenahally , Mohammed Yasser Hussein Eissa , Sridhar Mandayam Anandalwar , Khanum Shaukath Ara , Kant Rajni
Published: September 2019

Medicinal chemistry of indole analogs constitutes important therapeutic agents with anti-oxidant, anti-HIV and anti-cancer activities. Indole nucleus is frequently found in synthetic and natural products, pharmaceuticals, functional materials, agrochemicals, etc. The title compound, N-(2-(2-(4-chlorophenoxy)acetamido)phenyl)-1H-indole-2-carboxamide (5), has been synthesized in good yield by stirring the compound N-(2-aminophenyl)-2-(4-chlorophenoxy)acetamide (3) with 1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid (4), in dry dichloromethane followed by the addition of 2,6-lutidine, and o-(benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl uraniumtetrafluoroborate in cooled condition. Compound 5 was synthesized and characterized by the conventional spectroscopic techniques (1H NMR, 13C NMR and LC-MS) and the three-dimensional structure was elucidated by using single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. It crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system with space group P21/c. The structure was solved by direct methods and refined by full matrix least square procedure to a final R value of 0.043 for 2490 observed reflections. Three intra-molecular interactions of the type N-H···N and C-H···N were observed. The packing of molecules in the unit cell is governed by N-H···O and C-H···O intermolecular H-boned interactions which leads to the formation of infinite staking chain along [001] direction. In addition, two weak C-H···π interactions also contribute to molecular packing.