bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“É bloqueio de sinal”: monitoramento eletrônico, punição e autoridade sociotécnica
Authors: Campello Ricardo Urquizas , Alvarez Marcos César
Published: December 2022

Resumo: O artigo analisa aspectos do funcionamento sociotécnico e político dos dispositivos de monitoramento eletrônico de pessoas condenadas ou processadas pelo sistema de justiça criminal no Brasil. O propósito geral do texto consiste em analisar, a partir do monitoramento eletrônico, determinadas transformações nas práticas punitivas contemporâneas, baseadas em tecnologias de rastreamento. Tomando como base uma pesquisa etnográfica realizada em Central de Monitoramento Eletrônico, o texto analisa uma breve ocorrência de bloqueio de sinais, possivelmente promovida por um usuário monitorado, tomando este momento pontual de violação do sistema como uma brecha reveladora de seu funcionamento. Em diálogo com a Sociologia da Punição e com os Estudos de Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade, o desenvolvimento do artigo revela o conjunto de implicações decorrentes das qualidades opacas que caracterizam tanto os aparatos tecnológicos, quanto as instituições penais e penitenciárias, sobretudo brasileiras.
HAVA KARGO TAŞIMACILIĞININ DIŞ TİCARET ve GSMH ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİNE YÖNELİK ÇALIŞMA: AVRUPA ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: TAŞDEMİR Murat , YILDIZ Ramazan
Published: December 2022

Hava kargo (HK) taşımacılığı, tedarik zincirinde önemli bir taşımacılık türü olup küresel ticaret hacminin artışı ve havacılık sektör büyümesi paralelinde her geçen yıl gelişim göstermektedir. Özellikle sunduğu zaman avantajına ilave olarak e-ticaret kavramı ile gelişen, üreticiden direkt tüketiciye teslimat paradigması sayesinde gelecekte de gelişimini sürdüreceği ve 2025 yılına kadar %96’lık ek büyüme göstereceği öngörülmektedir (ICAO, 2019; Van Asch vd, 2020). Küresel COVID19 salgını süresince, havacılığın diğer alanlarına nazaran artan talep ve başarılı stratejiler sayesinde tedarik zincirindeki kayıplar, asgari düzeyde tutulabilmiştir. Ürünlerin küresel pazara tam zamanında sunulması için elzem olan HK taşımacılığındaki gelişim, sürdürülebilir ve yatırım desteğine muhtaçtır. İlgili yatırım kararları ise gerçekçi gelecek öngörüsü altında yapılmalıdır. Bu sebeple kargo uçuşlarının bağlantılı olduğu parametreleri, uçuş faaliyetlerini hangi yönde ve ne derecede etkilediği hususlarının tespiti, kaynakların etkin kullanımı ilkesi gereğince hayati öneme haizdir. Çalışmada dünya bankası açık erişim verilerinden yararlanılarak Avrupa kıtasında en yüksek GSMH’ye sahip 11 ülke araştırma evrenine dahil edilmiş, ilgili ülkelerin HK uçuşları ile ithalat, ihracat ve GSMH’lerinin arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Granger / Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik analizi aracılığı ile ilgili parametreler incelenmiş ve genel olarak Almanya, İngiltere, Fransa ve İsveç’in HK taşımacılığını aktif şekilde kullandıklarını ve bu taşıma türünün ekonomilerini pozitif etkilediği söylenebilir. HK taşımacılığını bazı ülkeler ithalatta bazıları ise ihracatta aktif olarak kullanırken, Polonya’nın ağırlıklı olarak HK yerine diğer taşımacılık türlerine ağırlık verdiği anlamına gelmektedir.
KİRLİLİK HALE HİPOTEZİ: TÜRKİYE'DE DOĞRUDAN YABANCI YATIRIMLAR, EKONOMİK BÜYÜME VE EKONOMİK KÜRESELLEŞMENİN ÇEVREYE ASİMETRİK ETKİSİNİN DOĞRUSAL OLMAYAN ARDL YAKLAŞIMI İLE ARAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: ÖZKAN Oktay , ÇOBAN Mustafa Necati
Published: December 2022

Sanayi Devrimi ile başlayan süreç ve sonrasında çevresel sürdürülebilirliği tehdit eden gelişmeler ile beraber küresel olarak çevresel bozulma süreci hızlanmıştır. Çevresel bozulma sürecinin özellikle küresel ısınma ve iklim değişikliği ile beraber dünya çapında etkilerini hissettirmesi, çevresel bozulmanın belirleyicilerine yönelik araştırmaların sayısının artmasını sağlamıştır. Bu çalışmada, doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar, ekonomik büyüme ve ekonomik küreselleşmenin çevreye asimetrik etkisi ve kirlilik hale hipotezinin geçerliliği Türkiye için araştırılmıştır. Bu amaç için, 1970-2018 arasındaki yıllık veriler kullanılarak doğrusal olmayan ARDL yöntemi ile analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda (1) doğrudan yabancı yatırımlardaki artışların (azalışların) uzun dönemde ekolojik ayak izini azalttığı (arttırdığı) ve dolayısıyla kirlilik hale hipotezinin geçerli olduğu; (2) ekonomik büyümedeki artışların (azalışların) sadece uzun (kısa) dönemde ekolojik ayak izi üzerinde etkili olduğu; (3) ekonomik küreselleşmedeki azalışların ekolojik ayak üzerinde sadece uzun dönemde etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda politika yapıcılara, çevreye olumlu etkileri olduğundan dolayı daha fazla doğrudan yabancı yatırımları Türkiye’ye çekebilecek ve ekonomik büyüme ile ekonomik küreselleşmenin artırılması süreçlerinde daha çevreci politikalar izlemeleri önerilmektedir.
Comparison of the sensory integrative function of South African infants to normative data on two standardised tests
Authors: Botha M , Franzsen D , Koch L
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: The Dunn Infant Toddler Sensory Profile and DeGangi's Test of Sensory Functions in Infants are two standardised tests that are widely used by South African therapists to assess sensory integrative function in infants. There is, however, no research available on the validation of these standardised tests for a South African population. This research determined whether the normative data established in the United States of America on the Infant Toddler Sensory Profile and the Test of Sensory Functions in Infants were valid for use with South African infants between the ages of 7 and 18 months. METHODOLOGY: A quantitative cross-sectional, descriptive, correlation study design was used to investigate the equivalence between the normative data from the United States of America and a sample of typically developing South African infants. FINDINGS: The results indicated that the mean scores for the South African sample in five of the six processing sections of the Infant Toddler Sensory Profile and all quadrant scores, were in the lower range of the typical performance according to the normative data of the United States of America. On the Oral Processing Section and the Sensation-Seeking Quadrant, test results should be interpreted with caution due to the medium effect size indicating clinical differences to the reported norms. A higher percentage of South African infants had a clear definite difference "more than others" score compared to normative data from the United States of America. On the Test of Sensory Functions in Infants, the means of the frequency distribution for deficient, at risk, and typical for all five sections and the Total Test Scores for the South African sample were significantly different from the normative data of the United States of America and the mean scores fell into the lower range or below the range for the typical performance reported in the test manual. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The Infant Toddler Sensory Profile can be used without substantial re-norming based on the findings related to this South African sample. Due to significant differences in scores on the Test of Sensory Functions in Infants, the first author questions the use of the test and recommends further research on South African infants with a larger population group. However, it should be noted that this study had a small sample size and therefore the results should be interpreted with caution and cannot be generalised.
Produire de l’ensilage autrement : construction, extension et tentative de stabilisation d’un réseau sociovégétal.
Authors: DERBEZ Floriane
Published: December 2022

A partir du suivi des activités d’un collectif d’agriculteurs ligériens lauréat des MCAE et engagé dans la (re)production de maïs population, ce chapitre s’intéresse aux mouvements de configuration et reconfiguration de ce collectif singulier sous l’effet des épreuves qui unissent hommes et plantes au cours du développement de leur projet. Cette étude de cas est construite comme une manière d’interroger la catégorie « mobilisation collective » ainsi que l’idée de dynamique qui lui est implicitement associée, à l’aune de la configuration originale qu’elle contribue à produire, dans le cas du groupe maïs population. A la différence d’autres cas étudiés dans le cadre de l’ObsTAE, ce collectif a connu une dynamique de croissance importante qui justifie que l’on s’y intéresse dans la mesure où elle déstabilise l’organisation à l’origine du projet. On montre, dans ce chapitre, que si les maïs population contribuent, du fait de leurs caractéristiques internes, à la production de modalités d’organisation particulières du groupe (qui doit traiter un certain nombre de problèmes liés au type de plantes qu’il a décidé de (re)produire en lieu et place des hybrides), en revanche, sous l’effet des demandes qui lui sont adressées de la part de nouveaux agriculteurs qui veulent en cultiver, le groupe est conduit à redéfinir et repenser tant ses modalités d’organisation et son fonctionnement que le rapport qu’il entretient avec les populations de maïs.
Donner du sens aux pratiques d’écologisation
Authors: OLLIVIER Guillaume , LAMINE Claire , DARROT Catherine
Published: December 2022

L’agroécologie, en tant que référentiel de politique publique, propose un nouveau sens à l’activité agricole. Ce chapitre montre que la notion d’agroécologie est pourtant rarement mobilisée de manière approfondie par les acteurs des projets MCAE. Ils l’articulent plutôt avec des modèles d’agriculture préexistants, plus ou moins légitimés, qui constituent, au moins au départ, leur cadre de référence pour la construction du sens pour eux-mêmes et parfois pour des acteurs non-agricoles. Nous analysons ensuite le statut transversal de la notion d’autonomie, principe sous-jacent de l’agroécologie, qui est fortement mais diversement mobilisé dans les collectifs étudiés. Cette focale permet de rendre compte des différents degré d’exploration des voies d’autonomisation, du purement technique au plus systémique, portée par les collectifs étudiés. Nous concluons en présentant brièvement les trois monographies des chapitres suivants, qui éclairent différentes situations de production du sens dans les collectifs MCAE en lien avec des modèles plus ou moins légitimés.
Erosion et sol-vivant en pays de caux
Authors: BARBIER Marc
Published: December 2022

Dans le cadre de l’appel à projet du CASDAR MCAE, les agriculteurs initiateurs de l’association Sol en Caux créée pour l’occasion ont construit un projet avec un ingénieur d’un service de Cerfrance Normandie Maine, l’ARAD2 (Atelier Régional d’Agronomie et de Développement Durable) pour travailler à l’adaptation des principes de l’agriculture de conservation sur les systèmes de production de leur propre exploitation, des systèmes exigeants car liés à des filières gouvernées par des normes de qualité et une maîtrise de rotations culturales incluant du lin et de la pomme de terre. Ce projet voulait montrer la possibilité de produire autrement avec ces cultures, tout en cherchant à limiter le problème lancinant de l’érosion des sols en Pays de Caux et, pour cela, appréhender différemment le travail du sol pour concevoir sa biologie comme une ressource et comme principe organisateur des rotations. Il est ici analysé sous l’angle de la production de sens donné à l’action collective suivant trois dimensions : 1) dans de travail de constitution du groupe et des objectifs assignés au projet Sol en Caux ; 2) dans le travail d’exploration de l’Agriculture de Conservation en Pays de Caux ; 3) dans le travail communicationnel que porte le projet dans l’espace public à travers une analyse des réseaux sociaux. La conclusion tente de préciser l’adéquation du projet sol en Caux à un certain type d’agroécologie qui pourrait être qualifié de techno-centré si on oubliait tout le travail spécifique à la constitution et la vie d’un groupe qui établit une preuve de concept de l’agriculture de conservation en tension entre contraintes d’environnement et contraintes de filières. Cette expérience trace également les modalités d’un renouvèlement des formes de développement agricole où la production de savoir tirés de l’expérience joue un rôle de plus en plus nécessaire
Production de connaissances pour la transition agroécologique
Authors: LUCAS Véronique
Published: December 2022

Les coopératives d’utilisation de matériel agricole (CUMA) sont souvent considérées comme des lieux permettant le maintien de dialogues techniques informels entre agriculteurs différents. Ceci présente un intérêt pour la co-construction de connaissances locales entre pairs, enjeu stratégique pour les processus de transition agroécologique, par nature situés parce que mobilisant davantage les processus écologiques du milieu environnant. Dans ce chapitre, trois Cuma sont étudiées au sein desquelles ont eu lieu des démarches d’organisation formalisée de processus de partage d’expériences et de co-construction de connaissances entre pairs. L’étude révèle une faible efficience de tels processus pour l’adaptation agroécologique des pratiques productives dans des groupes d’agriculteurs aux orientations et systèmes hétérogènes. Cette difficulté s’explique par le manque de compétences appropriées de la part des agents chargés d’animer ces collectifs, qui résulte de la précarisation actuelle ayant cours au sein des organisations de développement agricole.
A citrus essential oil causes higher disturbance on the growth kinetics of Enterococcus faecalis than Lactobacillus rhamnosus
Authors: Ambrosio Carmen M. S. , Miano Alberto C. , Saldaña Erick , Da Gloria Eduardo M.
Published: December 2022

Essential oils (EOs) have turned a promising alternative to using antibiotics in poultry production due to their antimicrobial properties. EOs could effectively combat pathogenic bacteria affecting poultry. Particularly, Citrus EOs, a by-product of citrus processing industries, could be a feasible alternative to this end due to their vast availability in the global market. Enterococci are associated with intestinal and extra-intestinal infections in poultry, which can increase poultry mortality. On the other hand, Lactobacilli are beneficial bacteria inhabiting the poultry gut and have health-promoting effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of a commercial citrus EO, Orange oil phase essence (OOPE), on Enterococcus faecalis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus as well as to determine OOPE chemical composition. Results showed that OOPE inhibited E. faecalis and L. rhamnosus at 14.8 mg/mL. However, the evaluation of OOPE effects on the growth kinetics parameters of both bacteria reveled that OOPE caused higher disturbances on the growth kinetics of E. faecalis than L. rhamnosus. OOPE significantly reduced the maximal culture density (A) and growth rate (µmax) and extended the lag phase duration (λ) of E. faecalis in a dose-dependent manner, while OOPE slightly extended λ and affected µmax of L. rhamnosus. OOPE at 3.70 mg/mL reduced A and µmax in ~87.34 and 90.2%, respectively, while increased λ 3.8 times of E. faecalis. OOPE at this concentration reduced µmax in 11.8% and extended λ 1.38 times of L. rhamnosus. Therefore, OOPE had a selective antibacterial activity, presenting higher activity on E. faecalis. Despite, limonene was identified as the major compound (87.22%) of OOPE, minor compounds such as trans-carveol could be involved in conferring the selective antibacterial activity of OOPE.
Keberkesanan Google Meet dan Youtube dalam Penguasaan Bahasa Arab Secara ODL Semasa Pandemik COVID-19
Authors: Saja @ Mearaj Ijlal , Sopian Anuar , Ramli Syaza Marina , Abdul Razak Abdul Qayuum
Published: December 2022

Penggunaan Google Meet dan Youtube berlaku peningkatan mendadak ketika pandemik corona virus (COVID-19) melanda negara. Perkara ini turut memberi kesan kepada pendidikan termasuklah bagi mata pelajaran bahasa Arab dan perlu melakukannya secara pembelajaran terbuka dan jarak jauh (ODL). Walau bagaimanapun, pembelajaran bahasa Arab secara ODL bukanlah semudah yang disangka dan mempunyai pelbagai cabaran. Tambahan pula, pelajar mengatakan bahasa Arab sukar untuk dikuasai. Oleh itu, objektif pertama kajian ini adalah mengenal pasti cabaran pembelajaran bahasa Arab secara ODL yang dihadapi pelajar semasa pandemik COVID-19. Kedua, menganalisis keberkesanan Google Meet dan Youtube dalam membantu pelajar menguasai bahasa Arab secara ODL semasa pandemik COVID-19. Kajian kuantitatif ini merupakan kajian tinjauan dengan menggunakan instrumen soal selidik. Instrumen soal selidik digunakan untuk mengumpul data terhadap 100 orang pelajar diploma yang dipilih secara persampelan rawak mudah daripada UiTM Cawangan Melaka. Analisis secara deskriptif dilakukan dan dipersembahkan dalam bentuk jadual. Hasil dapatan menunjukkan cabaran teknikal yang dihadapi pelajar dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab secara ODL yang tertinggi adalah cabaran data internet terhad. Manakala cabaran terendah adalah rumah pelajar banjir semasa pandemik COVID-19. Namun begitu, pendekatan pembelajaran bahasa Arab secara ODL melalui Google Meet dan Youtube dapat membantu pelajar dengan berkesan semasa pandemik Covid-19. Kajian ini mencadangkan kajian akan datang agar dapat menyelidiki aspek cabaran yang dihadapi pensyarah bahasa Arab semasa pandemik COVID-19 dan kajian dilakukan terhadap perluasan penggunaan data internet.
Penentuan Fasa Tanaffas Dan Isfar Fajar Sidik
Authors: Bahali Kassim , Muslim Nazri
Published: December 2022

Kecerahan atau luminan fajar sidik berubah dari mula muncul sehingga terbit matahari. Semasa fajar mula terbit, keamatan kecerahan fajar adalah sangat rendah. Keamatan kecerahan fajar bertambah secara beransur-ansur sehingga cerah. Keamatan kecerahan fajar bertambah secara berfasa atau berperingkat. Fasa fajar atau subuh di dalam Al-Quran disebut sebagai tanaffas dan isfar dalam surah At-Takwir ayat 18 dan Al-Mudatsir ayat 34 masing-masing. Ayat ini menunjukkan ada dua peringkat atau fasa kecerahan waktu subuh iaitu tanaffas dan isfar. Dua peringkat kecerahan yang berbeza ini menggambarkan ada dua fasa fajar sidik. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan waktu berlaku dan sudut tunduk Matahari untuk fasa tanaffas dan isfar serta kecerahan kedua-dua fasa tersebut. Kajian dijalankan dengan kaedah cerapan di lapangan melibat beberapa lokasi di Malaysia dan Indonesia. Perkakasan yang digunakan ialah tetingkap benang dan fotometer SQM-LU. Dapatan kajian mendapati tetingkap benang boleh menjadi alat bagi menentukan fasa fajar. Dapatan juga menunjukkan fasa tanaffas apabila benang putih mula kelihatan dan fasa isfar apabila benang hitam mula kelihatan. Fasa tanaffas berlaku pada sudut tunduk matahari -16° hingga -14° dan fasa isfar pada sudut -14° hingga terbit Matahari. Purata kecerahan fasa tanaffas ialah 19.44 mag arcsec-2 dan purata kecerahan fasa isfar ialah 17.55 mag arcsec-2. Implikasi kajian ini dapat memberi penjelasan tentang perkataan tanaffas dan isfar dalam Al-Quran; dan memberi bukti yang menyokong kebenaran al-Quran dari perspektif sains.
Analisis Perbandingan Fenomena Gempa Bumi daripada Perspektif Islam
Authors: Mohd Kunarto Fiqriyah , Sintang Suraya , Musta Baba
Published: December 2022

Kejadian gempa bumi sering dilihat sebagai sesuatu kejadian yang negatif kerana kejadian ini mengancam kesejahteraan manusia dan hidupan lain di muka bumi ini. Walaupun fenomena ini telah lama dijelaskan secara saintifik, namun, masyarakat masih lagi mengaitkan peranan Tuhan dengan kejadian ini. Kajian gempa bumi memerlukan perbincangan daripada dua sudut, iaitu dari sudut fizikal iaitu kaedah saintifik dan sudut metafizik, iaitu perspektif agama agar fenomena ini dapat dilihat dengan secara lebih holisik. Kajian gempa bumi daripada perspektif geologi merangkumi aspek punca kejadian, kawasan yang dilanda gempa bumi dan kesan kejadian gempa bumi. Manakala, agama melihat kejadian ini daripada perspektif kekuasaan Tuhan (supreme being) yang menentukan segala-galanya. Kajian ini bertujuan mengetengahkan analisis perbandingan gempa bumi daripada perspektif Islam dan Kristian. Pendekatan kajian ini adalah kualitatif berdasarkan analisis kandungan teks yang diolah secara perbandingan dengan merujuk al-Quran, tafsir al-Quran, Alkitab (Bible), tafsiran Alkitab (biblical exegesis), serta menganalisis sumber-sumber sekunder berkaitan gempa bumi dalam agama Islam, Kristian dan geologi. Sungguhpun fenomena gempa bumi telah banyak dibincangkan dalam kedua-dua agama, namun kajian secara perbandingan dengan penelitian yang lebih mendalam dalam pelbagai aspek masih kurang diberi perhatian oleh para penyelidik. Oleh itu, analisis perbandingan antara Islam dan Kristian dalam penulisan ini menjelaskan persamaan dan perbezaan mengenai gempa bumi dalam tujuh aspek, iaitu kejadian gempa bumi di dalam kitab suci, pandangan agama, peristiwa gempa bumi dalam sejarah, gempa bumi masa kini, gempa bumi masa hadapan, daya tindak agama serta maklumat geologi mengenai gempa bumi dalam kitab suci.
Analisis Terhadap Faktor-Faktor Pengaplikasian Konsep Talfiq Menurut Ulama Mu’asirin
Authors: Jamaludin Mohd Hafiz , Pauzi Norhidayah , Syed Jaafar Syed Mohd Jeffri
Published: December 2022

Talfiq secara amnya merujuk kepada menghimpunkan beberapa pandangan sehingga terhasilnya satu pandangan yang tidak diakui oleh mana-mana mujtahid. Sebahagian besar fuqaha muta’akhirin menolak keras pengaplikasian konsep talfiq dalam menyelesaikan sesuatu permasalahan hukum berikutan kesan-kesan negatif yang terhasil daripada konsep tersebut. Namun realiti semasa sebaliknya, keperluan kepada konsep talfiq merupakan perkara yang tidak dapat dielakkan dalam pelbagai keadaan. Oleh yang demikian kajian bertujuan mengkaji faktor-faktor pengaplikasian konsep talfiq disisi ulama mu’asirin berasaskan realiti semasa. Kajian ini bersifat kualitatif data-data dikumpul melalui metode kepustakaan dan temubual. Seterusnya dianalisis melalui metode tematik. Kajian mendapati faktor-faktor yang mendorong kepada penggunaan konsep talfiq dalam pengaplikasian semasa adalah berasas namun pengaplikasiannya mestilah berpandukan dawabit hukum yang betul dalam memastikan ia tidak disalah guna sehingga terjerumus kepada tatabbu’ rukhas di dalam hukum.
Implications of Shariah Financial Technology in Increasing Financial Inclusion to Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Yuneline Mirza Hedismarlina
Published: December 2022

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have long been understood as playing a significant role in the economic development of a country. However, MSMEs have not been able to make a significant contribution to the economy due to constraints of capital problems and limitations in meeting the requirements of bureaucracy and banking administration when applying for loan funds from banks. Due to the limited services provided by banks, the emergence of financial technology (fintech) innovation is an opportunity for MSMEs to overcome their capital problems. However, the use of fintech triggers risks borne by users or consumers such as cyber risks related to data security, data ownership, privacy, and data governance. Shariah-based fintech is one solution to extend financial inclusion to MSMEs to overcome their capital problems. The purpose of this research is to analyze the development and the contribution of Shariah fintech in strengthening the financial inclusion of MSMEs. The method used in this qualitative descriptive research is by describing and interpreting the observations and findings of 5 Shariah fintech platforms that focus on MSMEs' funding as the research sample. The result shows that the market share of Shariah fintech is 2.01% of the total fintech platform and it is caused by the lack of Shariah financial literacy. In terms of risk, even though the financing risk is relatively lower than Bank's Non-Performing Loan, other risks may arise, such as cyber risk and Shariah compliance risk. In order to mitigate the risks, the authority needs regulations for cyber security for consumer protection and supervision of Shariah compliance by the National Shariah Council of the Indonesian Ulama Council.
The effectiveness of the method for determining the level of thyroglobulin in needle washouts of fine-needle aspiration biopsy in the differential diagnosis of metastases of highly differentiated thyroid cancer in the lymph nodes of the neck
Authors: Stanyakina E. E. , Romanov I. S. , Gogieva E. Kh. , Ignatova A. V. , Alymov Yu. V. , Ilkaev K.  D.
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Thyroid cancer is one of the most common malignant neoplasms of the endocrine system. well-differentiated thyroid cancer constitutes about 90 % of all malignant tumors of the thyroid gland. Despite growing morbidity and high incidence of this pathology, in case of timely diagnosis and treatment well-differentiated thyroid cancer has favorable prognosis.

Aim. using clinical examples, to demonstrate the possibility of thyroglobulin measurement in needle washouts of fineneedle aspiration biopsy in the detection of cervical metastases of highly differentiated thyroid cancer.

Materials and methods. five patients (2 patients with combined oncological pathology, 2 patients with nodes in the thyroid gland, 1 patient after a thyroidectomy) with cervical adenopathy measured the level of thyroglobulin in the wash out fluid of lymph-nodes biopsy using the immunoradiometric method using the commercial kits of the Institute of Isotopes-IRmA (Hungary).

Results. Cervical metastases of highly differentiated thyroid cancer were detected or excluded by the determination of fine-needle aspiration biopsy in patients with non-informational cytological studies. The determination of fineneedle aspiration biopsy is a useful diagnostic method in the differential diagnosis of cervical metastases in patients who have other morphological forms of cancer in addition to well-differentiated thyroid cancer, as well as for the differential diagnosis of cervical adenopathy in patients with a history of highly differentiated thyroid cancer.

Conclusion. Determination of thyroglobulin level in puncture needle washout is a simple and useful diagnostic method for differential diagnosis of metastases in lymph nodes of the neck in patients with several morphological forms of malignant tumors.
Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor with intratumoral advancement: significance of active surgical approach in long-term disease (109 months) with metastatic cascade
Authors: Karakhan V. B. , Prozorenko E. V. , Mentkevich G.  L. , Dolgopolov I. S. , Sevyan N.  V. , Belov D.  M.
Published: December 2022

The article presents a clinical case of atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor with one of the longest catamnesis described in literature (109 months) and high quality of life. first, a giant tumor of the frontal lobe with advancement into a lateral ventricle was found in a female patient and totally removed. It was histologically diagnosed as primitive neuroectodermal tumor. Combination treatment consisting of radiotherapy, high-dose polychemotherapy and cellular immunotherapy including intrathecal therapy led to 4-year recurrence-free period. Recurrence of the tumor was resected. The period of the 2nd remission was 34 months. Subsequently, multistage metastasis of the tumor through cerebrospinal fluid tracts of the brain and spinal cord was observed. Twice microsurgical treatment with removal of symptomatic metastases in ventricles Iv and III was performed. In repeat morphological examinations, the tumor was verified as atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor. The presented clinical case shows the role of active surgical tactics in effective long-term combination treatment of this severe pathology.
Family case of aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency
Authors: Kondakova O. B. , Kazakova K. A. , Lyalina A. A. , Lapshina N. V. , Pushkov A. A. , Mazanova N. N. , Davydova Yu. I. , Grebenkin D. I. , Kanivets I. V. , Savostyanov K. V.
Published: December 2022

Aromatic L‑amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency is rare autosomal recessive neurometabolic disorder. It caused by generalized combined deficiency of serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine and adrenaline. This disorder is characterized by muscular hypotonia, motor development delay, oculogyric crises and impairment of the autonomic nervous system.Laboratory diagnostic of AADC deficiency in Russian Federation includes determination of the concentration of 3‑O‑methyldophamine in dried blood spots by tandem mass spectrometry and molecular analysis of the DDC gene by Sanger sequencing or next generation sequencing.Therapy of AADC deficiency includes combination of drugs which increase the formation of dopamine, inhibit its reuptake and increase the residual activity of the enzyme. The first‑line drugs are selective dopamine agonists, monoamine oxidase inhibitors of type B and vitamin B6 supplements.We present the case of management and treatment of patients with AADC deficiency. The patient’s condition was improved by using of combination therapy with pyridoxal‑5‑phosphate, pramipexole and selegiline. Significant positive dynamics was achieved on pyridoxal‑5‑phosphate therapy for the first time.
Datación por liquenometría aplicada en geomorfología, clima y arqueología
Authors: Pérez López Raúl
Published: December 2022

La liquenometría es un método de datación calibrada de superficies rocosas expuestas, de rango temporal Holoceno, pero recomendado durante los últimos 2000 años. Esta técnica de datación consiste en calibrar la curva de crecimiento anual de un liquen, para poder medir su edad de exposición sobre cualquier superficie a partir del diámetro máximo. Mediante la liquenometría podemos fechar eventos geomorfológicos como deslizamientos, escarpes de planos de falla, exposición súbita de superficies por denudación, basculamiento, retroceso glaciar, cambios del nivel de base y fenómenos erosivos, así como eventos climáticos y aplicarse en dataciones en arqueología. El principal problema de esta técnica es la ausencia de un método estandarizado, la fuerte dependencia de las tasas de crecimiento anuales de los líquenes de la especie elegida y de las condiciones ambientales. Por este motivo, los errores de medida pueden sobrepasar el 50% del resultado obtenido. Por el contrario, es una técnica económica y fácil de usar que no depende de una tecnología compleja y costosa. Es recomendable usarla como técnica complementaria y orientativa, o bien si no es posible, utilizar otra técnica más precisa. Los resultados obtenidos deben de ser usados con extrema precaución.
Cronología “extrema”: Generación de modelos cronológicos robustos a partir de diferentes métodos de datación; ejemplos en la Península Ibérica
Authors: Moreno Caballud Ana , Gil-Romera Graciela , Bartolomé Miguel , Valero-Garcés Blas , González-Sampériz Penélope
Published: December 2022

En este trabajo se presenta el reto que muchas veces supone conseguir un buen modelo de edad independiente en una secuencia paleoambiental. Esta aproximación pasa por la necesidad de combinar diferentes metodologías de datación, con la complejidad que esto implica. Se han seleccionado dos ejemplos de dos archivos paleoambientales muy distintos, y con cronologías muy diferentes. El registro de El Cañizar de Villarquemado, un paleolago en la provincia de Teruel, que alberga en sus sedimentos los últimos 135.000 años de historia y constituye la secuencia continental más larga y continua estudiada en la mitad septentrional de Iberia. Para poder establecer un modelo de edad robusto e independiente fue necesario combinar dataciones de radiocarbono AMS, U-Th, OSL, IRSL, paleomagnetismo y criptotefro-cronología, aunque no todas las técnicas resultaron exitosas. El segundo ejemplo se centra en el reto de datar el hielo presente en el icónico glaciar de Monte Perdido, situado en el Pirineo Central, Huesca. Este registro se consiguió datar mediante radiocarbono en diferentes tipos de muestras y aplicando las técnicas de 210Pb y 137Cs para el periodo más reciente. En ambos ejemplos, las combinaciones de métodos y tipo de muestras datadas permitieron obtener cronologías robustas gracias a una importante inversión de tiempo y financiación, siendo el resultado de la colaboración de varios equipos de investigación. En este trabajo se esbozan las dificultades encontradas en la elaboración de ambas cronologías y se presenta el resultado final, fruto de una modelización que combina las diferentes aproximaciones para obtener los modelos de edad definitivos.
Datación de carbonatos por el método de U/Th: ejemplos en España
Authors: Muñoz-García María Belén , Martín-Chivelet Javier
Published: December 2022

El método de U/Th permite datar materiales diversos de hasta 600.000 años de antigüedad. En este trabajo se revisan sus fundamentos y las técnicas analíticas disponibles, centrándose en su aplicación más habitual, que es la datación de carbonatos. En concreto, se discuten su potencial y limitaciones en la datación de espeleotemas, travertinos, calcretas, cementos, corales y moluscos aprovechando los ejemplos publicados en España.
El cálculo de edades mediante U/Th se basa en la serie de desintegración del 238U e involucra medidas de 238U, 234U y 230Th. Su fundamento radica en el fraccionamiento entre los radionucleidos del uranio y del torio en los sistemas naturales. En el caso de la precipitación de carbonato puro, éste incorpora uranio en el momento de su formación, pero está libre de torio inicial de tal forma que, pasado un tiempo, todo el 230Th medido en la muestra deriva de la desintegración del 234U y esta relación permite calcular la edad de formación del mineral. Teóricamente, por tanto, el carbonato a datar: (1) debe incorporar cierta cantidad de uranio en el momento de su formación, (2) no debe incorporar cantidad significativa de torio y (3) debe comportarse como un sistema cerrado. De estas premisas, la segunda y la tercera no siempre se cumplen por lo que el método se ha adaptado a estos casos añadiendo cálculos y correcciones adicionales.
Dada la variedad de carbonatos susceptibles de ser datados, este método es de amplia aplicación en paleoclimatología, paleontología, arqueología, estratigrafía, geomorfología, tectónica y oceanografía, entre otras disciplinas.
Micromamíferos y datación relativa en medios continentales
Authors: Cuenca-Bescos Gloria
Published: December 2022

En este volumen especial de Cuaternario y Geomorfología, “Métodos de datación en el Cuaternario” organizado por AEQUA, no podía faltar un capítulo dedicado a los micromamíferos. La microfauna, como se conoce popularmente la técnica de datación relativa con micro en medios continentales, o los micromamíferos, en general son las mejores herramientas de datación bioestratigráfica. Los pequeños mamíferos, especialmente los roedores, son muy numerosos en la actualidad y lo fueron durante el Cuaternario. Esta característica hace que produzcan una cantidad notable de microfósiles que nos sirven para hacer dataciones bioestratigráficas, es decir, dataciones relativas basada en la presencia-ausencia y asociaciones coetáneas de especies de micromamíferos. La datación bioestratigráfica de los sedimentos formados en medios continentales tiene especial importancia sobre todo en las cuevas por constituir la mayor parte de los yacimientos arqueológicos y paleontológicos de la Península Ibérica en los que se ha documentado de una manera extraordinaria la evolución humana, como por ejemplo los de Atapuerca, Gibraltar, El Mirón, Aroeira, entre otros.
Datación por análisis de racemización de aminoácidos: su aplicación en la Península Ibérica
Authors: Torres Trinidad , Ortiz Menéndez José Eugenio , Sánchez-Palencia María Yolanda , López Cilla Ignacio
Published: December 2022

Se presentan algunos resultados publicados de campañas de datación por racemización de aminoácidos (AAR) del Laboratorio de Estratigrafía Biomolecular (LEB) de la Escuela de Minas y Energía de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, en localidades de la Península Ibérica, que se  han seleccionado para mostrar la aplicabilidad del método a muestras de origen biológico muy diverso, foraminíferos, moluscos, crustáceos y mamíferos de diferentes medios geológicos: largos registros de cuenca, terrazas marinas y fluviales, depósitos eólicos y yacimientos en cuevas. Obviamente, no se citan dataciones singulares en muchas localidades. Cerca de veinte mil análisis validan el uso de este método. El método cubre un amplio rango temporal: desde subactual hasta 1.3 Ma; junto con la pequeña cantidad de muestra precisa para los análisis, permite replicar los mismos incluso sobre muestras valiosas de museos u otras instituciones. Asimismo, se puede emplear en determinaciones forenses. Cabe destacar que la pequeña cantidad de muestra necesaria para la realización de un análisis permite emplear un número representativo de muestras de cada nivel objeto de estudio, obteniendo información suficiente para que, mediante un análisis estadístico elemental, se puedan desechar valores anómalos.
. Cultural, economic, and educational predictors of school exit exam scores in Azerbaijan
Authors: Alasgarova G. A.
Published: December 2022

Introduction. The Ministry of Education (MOE) of the Azerbaijan Republic requires that students take an exit exam at the end of secondary schooling. The school exit exam (SEE) is administered to graduating students in 11th grade (i.e., high school equivalent) in three core subjects: (1) mathematics, (2) instructional language, and (3) foreign language. The State Examination Centre (SEC) has administered the SEE for over five years and recently changed the format, impacting university admissions (UA). In 2019, admission to a university was in two stages: (1) the SEE and (2) the university admissions exam. The current study used publicly available SEC data (N = 73) from Azerbaijan’s 2019/2020 academic year by region.

Aim. The current research aims to examine the cultural, economic, and educational predictors of the school exit exam (SEE) in Azerbaijan’s cities/regions according to the 2020 data. The article intends to demonstrate the relationship between economic, educational, and cultural precursors for successful versus unsuccessful SEE results. 

Methodology and research methods. This correlational study used Multivariate (MANOVA) and Univariate (ANOVA) Analyses of Variance (RQ1) and Multiple Regressions (RQ2 and RQ3).

Results. For cultural predictors of the SEE, the Northern region had significantly higher Instructional Language (p = .010), English (p = .020), and Total scores (p = .010) compared to other regions. For economic indicators of the SEE, the average monthly salary was significantly predictive of Foreign Language (p = .035). For educational variables, the percentage of outstanding graduating students was predictive of all outcomes (p < .000 for all).

Scientific novelty and practical significance. Literature supports that the percentage of outstanding students and a family’s annual income are strong positive predictors of SEE scores for all four D.V.s. Thus, this study claims that regions with exceptional academic performance and high family income tend to produce higher SEE scores. This substantive finding highlights the inter-rater reliability between the MOE and the SEC, as academic achievement is assessed by the MOE and the exit exam by the SEC.
Birinci Basamak Sağlık Kurumlarına Başvuran 15-49 Yaş Aralığındaki Kadınların Kullandıkları İlaç Gruplarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: DEMİRTÜRK SELÇUK Ezgi , DEMİRBAĞ Birsel Canan
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Bu araştırmada birinci basamak sağlık kurumlarına başvuran 15-49 yaş aralığındaki kadınların kullandıkları ilaç gruplarının değerlendirilmek amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte yapılan araştırma Trabzon ilinde birinci basamak sağlık hizmeti veren aile sağlığı merkezlerine herhangi bir nedenle başvuran 15-49 yaş aralığında olan kadınlarla yapılmıştır. Araştırma için örneklem büyüklüğüne gidilmemiş, Nisan-Haziran 2019 tarihlerinde belirlenen aile sağlığı merkezlerine başvuru yapan 337 kişiyle araştırma tamamlanmıştır. Veriler bireylerin sosyo-demografik özellikleri ve kullandıkları ilaçları sorgulayan anket kullanılarak toplanmıştır

Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılanların %45,7’si 41 yaş ve üzeri grubunda, %75,7’si evli, %43,0’ı lise mezunu, %32,0’ı iki çocuk sahibi, %60,8’i gelir getiren bir işte çalışmakta, %42,4’ünün kronik hastalığı var, %42,1’i analjezik kullandıkları belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların yaş ve medeni durum ile reçetesiz ilaç alma, eğitim durumu ile ilaç prospektüsünü okuma ve son kullanma tarihini okumayan, çalışma durumu ile başkasına iyi gelen ilacı kullanma arsında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p
Developing M-Learning Applications to Support Digital Literacy of Vocational High School Students
Authors: Purmadi Ary , Muzakkir Muzakkir , Astuti Endah Resnandari Puji
Published: December 2022

Abstrak:Â Literasi digital sangat penting untuk diterapkan saat ini karena pembelajaran telah mengarah pada pembelajaran yang mendukung teknologi. Literasi digital di Indonesia masih tergolong sangat rendah sehingga perlu upaya dalam meningkatkannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan aplikasi m-learning berbasis Android yang tepat untuk mendukung literasi digital siswa SMK. Jenis metode yang digunakan yakni penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) dengan model ADDIE. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan media sudah sesuai dengan kriteria baik materi maupun media yang menunjukkan hasil 3,67 yang kategori â€œbaikâ€, sementara hasil pada uji media sebesar 4,05 yang kategori â€œsangat baikâ€ dan pada uji coba kelas 3,92 yang kategorinya â€œbaikâ€. Aplikasi ini juga, terbukti efektif untuk digunakan dalam mendukung literasi digital siswa yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya hasil belajar siswa dari rata-rata pretest 66 menjadi 78 pada postestnya. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan dari hasil penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam mendukung literasi digital peserta didik vokasi.Â Abstract:Â Digital literacy is very important to apply at this time because learning has led to learning that supports technology. Digital literacy in Indonesia is still very low, so efforts are needed to increase it. This study aims to develop appropriate Android-based m-learning applications to support digital literacy in vocational high school students. The type of method used is research and development (R&D) with the ADDIE model. The results of this study indicate that media development is in accordance with the criteria for both material and media which shows a result of 3.67 which is in the "good" category, while the results in the media test are 4.05 which is in the "very good" category and in class trials 3.92 in the "good" category. This application has also proven to be effective for use in supporting students' digital literacy which is marked by increased student learning outcomes from an average pretest of 66 to 78 in the posttest. So it can be concluded from the results of this study that it contributes to supporting the digital literacy of vocational students.Â
The Role of Teachers in the Development of ICT-Based Learning Innovations
Authors: Habibullah Muhamad
Published: December 2022

Abstrak:Â Di era industri 4.0, para pendidik dituntut untuk bisa mengembangkan inovasi pembelajaran pada setiap pertemuan tatap muka. Hal inilah yang mendorong banyak guru sekolah dasar untuk dapat menerapkan media pembelajaran berbasis teknologi dan informasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui sejauh mana para pendidik mengembangkan inovasi pembelajaran yaitu melalui adanya teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (TIK). Penelitian ini merujuk pada metode fenomenologi terhadap peristiwa yang terjadi dan merujuk juga terhadap refrensi buku sebagai penguat. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan memaparkan data-data melalui wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, serta berdasarkan referensi dari buku dan jurnal. Hasil penelitian yang dicapai adalah sebanyak 30 pengajar mampu mengembangkan inovasi pembelajaran menggunakan teknologi komunikasi dan informasi berupa zoom, google meet, terms, Edmodo, dan youtube. Penelitian ini berkontribusi bagi para pendidik dalam pengguaan aplikasi media dalam teknologi komunikasi dan informasi di era industri 4.0.Abstract: In the era of industry 4.0, educators are required to be able to develop learning innovations in every face-to-face meeting, this is what encourages many elementary school teachers to be able to apply technology and information-based learning media. The purpose of this study is to find out the extent to which educators develop learning innovations through information and communication technology (ICT). This research refers to the phenomenological method of events that occur and to book references as reinforcement. This research uses descriptive qualitative method analysis by presenting data through interviews, observations, documentation, and based on references from books and journals. The results of the research were that as many as 30 teachers were able to develop learning innovations from communication and information technology in the form of zoom, google meet, terms, Edmodo, and YouTube. This research contributes to educators in using media applications in communication and information technology in the industrial era 4.0.
Pelatihan Teknik Bimbingan Kelompok Untuk Pencegahan Bullying bagi Guru BK SMP
Authors: Zen Ella Faridati , Muslihati Muslihati , Lasan Blasius Boli , Apriani Rizka
Published: December 2022

This training aims to train junior high school guidance and counseling teachers in Malang who are members of the MGBK of Junior High Schools in Malang. Through the training conducted by the team, it is hoped that the competence of Guidance and Counseling teachers in using group guidance techniques, especially the behavior of students who are respectful, empathetic, and assertive is expected to be able to prevent bullying. The method is to apply a project-based learning model with an “in-on-in” pattern, namely three activities which include one synchronous off-line activity, one asynchronous online activity, and one assignment activity. The number of participants was 20 teachers of junior high school guidance and counseling with a pattern of 31 lesson hours carried out over four weeks. This training succeeded in increasing the insight and competence of junior high school guidance and counseling teachers to compile group guidance plans to prevent bullying by compiling RPLBK and animated video media using the powtoon application.Pelatihan ini bertujuan untuk melatih para guru Bimbingan dan konseling Sekolah Menengah Pertama di kota Malang yang tergabung dalam MGBK Sekolah Menengah Pertama kota Malang. Melalui pelatihan yang dilakukan oleh tim, diharapkan kompetensi guru Bimbingan dan Konseling dalam menggunakan teknik bimbingan kelompok, khususnya perilaku siswa yang menghargai, empati, dan asertif diharapkan mampu mencegah terjadinya perundungan. Metode dengan menerapkan model project based learning dengan pola “in-on-in” yaitu tiga kali kegiatan yang meliputi satu kali kegiatan off-line sinkronus, satu kali kegiatan online asinkronus, dan satu kali kegiatan penugasan. Jumlah peserta 20 orang guru Bimbingan dan konseling Sekolah Menengah Pertama dengan pola 31 jam pelajaran dilakukan dalam empat pekan. Pelatihan ini berhasil menambah wawasan dan kompetensi Guru Bimbingan dan konseling Sekolah Menengah Pertama untuk menyusun rancangan bimbingan kelompok untuk mencegah bullying dengan menyusun RPLBK dan media video animasi dengan menggunakan aplikasi powtoon.