bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP ALJABAR PADA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS VIRTUAL MANIPULATIVE
Authors: Aloysius Nay Florianus , Paulina Maure Osniman
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pemahaman konsep siswa setelah mengikuti pembelajaran matematika pada topik aljabar menggunakan media pembelajaran virtual manipulative. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskiptif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMP Santo Aloysius Turi Sleman Yogyakarta. Subjek pada penelitian ini terdiri atas siswa kelas VIIA dengan jumlah 24 siswa dan diambil 3 siswa untuk diwawancarai. Subjek dikelompokkan dalam kategori jawaban yang rendah, sedang, dan tinggi. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan tes tertulis dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa dengan kemampuan rendah memenuhi indikator pemahaman konsep yaitu menyajikan konsep dalam berbagai bentuk representasi matematis, dan menggunakan, memanfaatkan, dan memilih prosedur atau operasi tertentu dalam menyelesaikan masalah, siswa dengan kemampuan sedang dapat memenuhi indikator pemahaman konsep yaitu menyajikan konsep dalam berbagai bentuk representasi matematis, dan menggunakan, memanfaatkan, dan memilih prosedur atau operasi tertentu dalam menyelesaikan masalah. Siswa dengan kemampuan tinggi memenuhi indikator pemahaman konsep yaitu menyatakan ulang setiap konsep, mengklasifikasikan konsep menurut sifat-sifat tertentu (sesuai dengan konsepnya), menyajikan konsep dalam berbagai bentuk representasi matematis, dan menggunakan, memanfaatkan, dan memilih prosedur atau operasi tertentu dalam menyelesaikan masalah
1921’DE SEYYAR JANDARMA MÜFREZELERİNİN İLGASI MESELESİ
Authors: TÜRKMEN İsmet , TEKİNSOY Betül
Published: December 2020

Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi’nde teşkil olunan İcra Vekilleri Heyeti’nin ilk girişimi, Millî Mücadele’nin ilk yılında Anadolu’da idarî ve siyasî otoritenin pekiştirilmesi, güvenlik tedbirlerinin etkin bir surette ele alınmasına yönelik olmuştur. Bu dönemde Dâhiliye Vekâleti uhdesinde görev üstlenen Jandarma Teşkilatı, Meclis’in önceliği olmuş, bu doğrultuda nitelikli komutan ve rütbeli personelden yoksun durumda bulunan Jandarma Teşkilatı’nın tekrar “ıslah ve tevsiki” bir zorunluluk halini almıştır. Bu duruma çözüm arayan Meclis Hükümeti tarafından “Seyyar Jandarma Müfrezeleri Teşkili Hakkında Kanun Layihası” Meclis gündemine alınmıştır. Meclis’te 7 Haziran 1920 tarihli 5 sayılı “Piyade, Süvari Sınıfından Mürekkep Olmak Üzere Jandarma Müfrezeleri Teşkili Hakkındaki Kanun” kabul edilmiştir. Kanunun uygulamaya geçirildiği sırada, seyyar jandarma birliklerinin askerî otoritenin elinde olması durumu, beklendiği gibi idarî ve siyasî alanda sıkıntılar da yaşatmıştır. Yeni kurulan Seyyar Jandarma Teşkilatı, Milli Müdafaa Vekâleti emrinde olmasına karşın, ayrıca Dâhiliye Vekâleti emrinde de mutat jandarma birlikleri bulunmaktaydı. Meclis görüşmeleri sonrasında Bolu Mebusu Yusuf İzzet Paşa ve beraberindeki mebusların verdiği kanun teklifi, kırsal güvenlik işlerinin Dâhiliye Vekâleti’ne bağlı jandarmaya verilmesine dair düzenlemenin yapılmasıyla neticelenmiştir.
GHOSTWRITING O ESCRITURA FANTASMA EN LA FACTORÍA ALIMENTARIA. HIPÓTESIS DE INVESTIGACIÓN JURÍDICA SOBRE UN POSIBLE CONTRATO ATÍPICO
Authors: Mirande Santiago
Published: November 2020

En la actual era de posverdad y sociedad hipermoderna la incerteza ha comenzado a ser prediseñada por actores de la factoría alimentaria en un contexto de  ciencia politizada y de capitalismo digital. El ghostwriting refiere a una modalidad autoral o de escritura fantasma mediante la cual un sujeto tiene injerencia sobre una obra que luego es publicada, divulgada y/o difundida con el nombre de otro sujeto. El ghostwriter es el verdadero autor o ideólogo del contenido de la obra pero permanece oculto ante el destinatario o público. El signatory writer es el autor o escritor firmante; es el autor no verdadero pero aparente. Ello define o tipifica la categoría general de ghostwriting. Se ensayan dos subcategorías de ghostwriting que pueden construirse según la incidencia o injerencia del ghostwriter en la obra. Una subcategoría es el ghostwriting literario o artístico, históricamente presente en producciones literarias en que un ghostwriter elabora un contenido y luego un signatorywriter lo difunde con su nombre. A continuación se destaca la otra subcategoría: el ghostwriting pseudocientífico, en el cual el ghostwriter (por ejemplo, una corporación que elabora y comercializa alimentos) crea el contenido medular de un estudio pseudocientífico para que las conclusiones le sean favorables. El signatorywriter (un especialista o experto) escribe la obra e incluye el contenido que le es indicado por aquel. Estos pseudoestudios no son ni objetivos ni independientes, por lo tanto, no son científicos. Implican una manipulación, tergiversación o distorsión de la verdad y de la información. En definitiva, el ghostwriting pseudocientífico genera fake news científicas. Se han realizado estudios científicos que demuestran la existencia cada vez mayor de este hecho por parte de la industria alimentaria, entre otros. A partir de lo dispuesto por el art. 70 de la Constitución R. O. Uruguay (arts. 75.19 y 125 de la Constitución de la Nación Argentina), el cual protege el desarrollo de la investigación científica, y otras normas del sistema jurídico uruguayo, se plantean algunas hipótesis de investigación jurídica.
Impact of Induction Motor Faults on the Basic Parameters' Values
Authors: Aswad Raya A. K. , Jassim Bassim M.H.
Published: December 2020

Unlike fault diagnosis approaches based on the direct analysis of current and voltage signals, this paper proposes a diagnosis of induction motor faults through monitoring the variations in motor's parameters when it is subjected to an open circuit or short circuit faults. These parameters include stator and rotor resistances, self-inductances, and mutual inductance. The genetic algorithm and the trust-region method are used for the estimation process. Simulation results confirm the efficiency of both the genetic algorithm and the trust-region method in estimating the motor parameters; however, better performance in terms of estimation time is obtained when the trust-region method is adopted. The results also show the possibility of extracting fault signatures from the motor's parameter values because each type of the mentioned faults has a different impact on these parameters. Under a 10% short circuit fault condition, the mutual inductance and rotor resistance deviate by almost 10% from their original values to lower values. While the stator resistance noticeably reduces by up to 20% during the open circuit fault condition.
Developing A Cutout Paper Doll Game Model To Improve the Talking Skills Of 5-6 Years Old Children
Authors: Susilowati Esty
Published: December 2020

This study aims to: (1) produce a cutout paper doll game model to improve the speaking skills of children aged 5-6 years at Dharma Siwi Kindergarten and Bhakti Siwi Kindergarten which qualify for early childhood play models; (2) to determine the effectiveness of the cutout paper doll game model used to improve the speaking skills of children aged 5-6 years in Dharma Siwi and Bhakti Siwi Kindergarten.This study uses a Research & Development approach. This research procedure uses ADDIE development steps including: (1) Analysis, (2) Design, (3) Development, (4) Implementation, and (5) Evaluations. The subject of the group trial involved 19 children aged 5-6 years and 1 teacher. The subject of the field trials involved 53 children and 4 teachers. The data analysis technique used the Wilcoxon test with the help of SPSS 19.The results of this study are (1) the cutout paper doll game model to improve speaking skills of children aged 5-6 years meets the eligibility criteria based on the responses of material experts, media experts and teachers' responses put it in the Good category; (2) the cutout paper doll game model based on the effectiveness test is proven effective at improving children's speaking skills. This can be seen from the calculation results of Aasymp.Sig. (2-tailed) that is 0.000 less than <0.05 so that there is a difference in the children’s speaking ability score between the initial and the final ability after being given treatment.
Teachers Knowledge Of Inclusive Lower Primary Education In Ifako-Ijaiye Local Government Area Of Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Egbedeyi Temitope Funminiyi
Published: December 2020

Teachers play significant role in the process of implementing inclusive lower primary education, but it is important to note that inclusive education is yet to be fully implemented in Nigeria despite the numerous benefits associated to it. As one of the major implementers of inclusive lower primary, it is imperative to study teachers’ knowledge of inclusive lower primary education in Ifako-Ijaiye, as to provide empirical evidence. Descriptive survey research design was adopted with thirty five (35) teachers who were sampled using simple random. A self-designed research instrument titled Teachers Knowledge of Inclusive Education Questionnaire (? = 0.92) was used to collect data. One research question was answered and two hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. Teachers have average knowledge of inclusive lower primary education (Average Percentage = 53.6). Regular and special teachers have no significant difference on knowledge of inclusive education (t = 0.50; df = 33; p>0.05). Based on the findings, it was recommended that Nigerian Government, concerned Non-Governmental Organizations and Scholars should ensure that regular trainings are organized for lower primary teachers in order to update their knowledge about inclusive education
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Murid Melalui Metode Tanya Jawab Pada Mata Pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial
Authors: Nurhayati Siti
Published: December 2020

Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran peningkatan Hasil Belajar Murid Melalui Metode Tanya Jawab Pada Mata Pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS) Di Kelas VI SD Negeri 113 Lebbae Kabupaten Bone. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan fokus penelitian adalah murid Kelas VI SD Negeri 113 Lebbae Kabupaten Bone 10 orang. Pengumpulan data dengan teknik observasi, tes, dan dokumentasi, sedangkan Pengumpulan data dengan teknik observasi untuk menjaring data aktifitas analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis statistik deskriptif berupa persentase dan tabel frekuensi. Hasil yang diperoleh murid Kelas VI SD Negeri 113 Lebbae Kabupaten Bone secara umum mengalami peningkatan hasil belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS) melalui tanya jawab dengan memperhatikan aspek-aspek yaitu: (a) meningkatnya hasil pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS), (b) mampu melakukan tanya jawab kepada guru atau murid yang lain. Sedangkan upaya yang ditempuh guru bidang studi Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS) dalam meningkatkan kemampuan hasil belajar murid kelas VI, yaitu (a) melatih murid untuk berani bertanya, (b) melatih murid untuk menjawab.
Word-Wall Technique in Improving Students’ Vocabulary Mastery at the first Grade of SMPN 4 Kajuara Kabupaten Bone
Authors: Misrawati Misrawati , Nurjannah Sitti , Mursidin Muthmainnah
Published: December 2020

This research aims to know (1) whether the use of word wall technique is able to improve students’ vocabulary mastery, (2) the students’ interest to learn vocabulary by using word wall technique. This research was conducted at SMPN 4 Kajuara Kabupaten Bone academic year 2017-2018. The subject of this research consisted of 52 students of first grade. The design of the research was quasi-experimental design where the research used two group, they were experimental group and control group. There were 2 classes as a sample namely VII-A as experimental group (taught by word wall) with the total number of 26 students and VII-B as control group (without word wall) with the total number of 26 students. The researcher administered pre-test and post-test to both groups. The result of data shows that there an improvement and interest of using word wall technique toward the students’ vocabulary mastery. Thre percentage of students’ pre-test of experimental group was 19.34 and the score of post-test was 41.74. Therefore, the alternative hypothesis (Ha) of this research is accepted. It means that the use of ward wall technique improves students’ vocabulary mastery at the first grade of SMPN 4 Kajuara Kabupaten Bone.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) apakah penggunaan teknik dinding kata mampu meningktkan penguasaan kosakata siswa, (2) ketertarikan siswa untuk belajar kosakata dengan dinding kata. Penelitian ini telah diadakan di SMPN 4 Kajuara Kabupaten Bone tahun pelajaran 2017/2018. Pokok persoalan pada penelitian ini terdiri dari 52 siswa kelas satu. Bentuk penelitian adalah berbentuk quasi-experimental dimana penelitian menggunakan dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok experimen dan kelompok control. Ada dua kelas sebagai sampel yakni, VII A sebagai kelompok ekperimen (mengajar dengan dinding kata) dengan jumlah 26 siswa dan VII B sebagai kelompok kontrol (tanpa dinding kata) dengan jumlah 26 siswa. Peneliti memberikan pre-test and post-test untuk kedua kelompok. Hasil dari data menujukkan ada peningkatan dan ketertarikan dengan menggunakan teknik didnding kata terhadap peningkatan kosakata siswa. Persentasi skor siswa sebeum diajarkan dengan menggunakan teknik dnding kata adalah 19.34% dan setelah mengajar dengan teknik dinding kata adalah 41.76%. Oleh karena itu, hipotesis altenatif (Ha) untuk penelitian ini diterima. Itu berarti bahwa penggunaan teknik dinding kata meningkatkan penguasaan kosakata siswa di kelas satu SMPN 4 Kajauara Kabupaten Bone.
Peningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Melalui Model Student Teams Achievement Division
Authors: Sumampouw Elisabeth A. , Sobon Kosmas
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to describe the application of cooperative learning type of student achivement division (STAD) on mathematics subject and to improve student aktivity and student learning result  in  mathematics learning on fifth grade of elementary school. This research  was classroom action reasearch conducted in two cycles. Each cycle consists of two meetings and each meeting consists of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this reasearch were students at fifth grade of SD Negeri 25 Manado. There were 18 students as subjects of research.  The technique of gathering data was using test, observation and documentation.  The results showed that: (1) student activity in the first cycle 258.15 score or gain I 64,54% with the criteria was active enough and in second cycle obtained 303, 65 score or 75.91% with active criteria; (2) student learning result in the first cycle 44% and the second cycle 83%. Suggestions in this study was may the teacher have more creative by using learning media (audio or visual) to improve skill of teacher, student activity and learning result of student. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menguraikan penerapan pembelajaran kooperatif model Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) pada mata pelajaran matematika demi peningkatan aktivitas siswa dan hasil belajar di kelas V SD. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) terdiri dari dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari dua pertemuan dan setiap pertemuan terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Adapun alur langkah-langkah PTK yang digunakan adalah langkah-langkah menurut Stephen Kemmis Robin Mctaggart Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SD Negeri 25 Manado. Adapun jumlah siswa yang ada adalah 18 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) aktivitas siswa pada siklus I memperoleh skor 258,15 atau 64,54% dengan kriteria cukup aktif dan pada siklus II memperoleh skor 303,65 atau 75,91% dengan kriteria aktif; (2) hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I sebesar 44% dan siklus II sebesar 83 %. Sedangkan yang menjadi saran yang diberikan adalah: hendaknya guru lebih kreatif dalam menggunakan media pembelajaran yang ada (baik audio maupun visual dst.) demi meningkatkan keterampilan mengajar, aktivitas siswa dan  hasil belajar siswa.
Analisis Proses Pembelajaran Matematika Berbasis Daring Pada Siswa Kelas Tinggi Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Hermawantie Firly Cahyani , Sutisnawati Astri , Maula Luthfi Hamdani
Published: December 2020

This study aims to describe the online-based mathematics learning process on online- for upper-class students at SDN Lembursitu. This type of research uses a qualitative descriptive method, and implemented in class IV-B SDN Lembursitu Sukabumi City. Data collection techniques used in this study were interviews in the online-based learning process. The data analysis technique in this study uses data reduction, , data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the obstacles that occur are that some students find it difficult in the learning process using online mode , communication tools and the condition of each student who do not have adequate facilities to support the learning process. The effort made by the teacher is by working together between teachers, schools and parents.
Physical exercise and the patient with schizophrenia
Authors: Viljoen Margaretha , Roos Johannes L
Published: December 2020

Background Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder with profound effects on a person’s life. In addition to the psychiatric symptoms, patients with schizophrenia generally have multiple somatic comorbidities, such as cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. The general practitioner (GP) is of key importance for the patient’s continuous care and holistic wellbeing. Objective The aim of this article is to emphasise the role of GPs in embracing physical exercise as add-on treatment to antipsychotic medications, and to illustrate the value of exercise for people with schizophrenia by summarising the effects on the psychiatric symptoms, neuroanatomical and neurochemical characteristics, and general physiological and psychological health. Discussion Physical exercise can lead to improvements in positive, negative and cognitive symptoms, as well as in somatic comorbidities, global functioning and quality of life. Physical exercise can be a valuable add-on intervention for people with schizophrenia. The GP is essential for prescribing and following up on exercise tailored for the individual.
Bullying
Authors: Nurdiansyah Agung
Published: December 2020

Bullying is an act of using power to hurt a person or group of people either verbally, physically or psychologically so that the victim feels depressed, traumatized and helpless. Teens who are victims of bullying are more at risk of experiencing various health problems, both physically and mentally. There are problems that are more likely to suffer by children who are victims of bullying, including the emergence of various mental problems such as depression, anxiety and sleep problems that may carry over to adulthood, physical health complaints, such as headaches, abdominal pain and muscle tension, feelings of discomfort. safe in the school environment, and decreased enthusiasm for learning and academic achievement. In rare enough cases, child victims of bullying may show a violent nature. As experienced by a 15 year old teenager in Denpasar, Bali, who had the heart to kill his own friend because of his grudge against the victim. The perpetrator admitted that he had often been the target of bullying since the first grade of junior high school. This article aims to determine the factors that cause bullying by adolescents, the roles in bullying, and the types of bullying. The data source of this paper was done by using the documentation study method. In this article, the results show that the factors that influence the occurrence of bullying can come from individuals, families, play groups, to the perpetrator's community environment. This action is closely related to the world of social work, which in this case is required to be a counselor for the bully.
Achieving global Sustainable Development Goals in Industry 4.0 Context through Collaborative Innovation
Authors: Wicaksono Hendro
Published: December 2020

The sustainable development goals are a set of 17 interlinked objectives set by United Nations General Assembly to achieve a better and sustainable future by 2030. The goals include Affordable and Clean Energy, Industry Innovation and Infrastructure, Sustainable Cities and Communities, and Responsible Consumption and Production. Currently, the industry sector is also transforming to a new paradigm called industry 4.0, which emphasizes the digitalization, interconnection, and intelligence in the frame of the internet of things, services, and people. Technological innovation, which requires interdisciplinary collaborations, is the key for industry and society to play active roles in both contributing to sustainable development goals and industry 4.0 context. The talk will discuss collaborative innovation involving universities, research organizations, large enterprises, SMEs and the government on both strategical and operative levels. It will present the strategy of triple helix innovation model and some collaboration research innovation projects that implement the model. The projects concentrate on the applications of data management and engineering methodologies such as knowledge graphs and machine learning in manufacturing, construction, and smart cities.
Let’s Do Better: Public Representations of COVID-19 Science
Authors: AISDL
Published: December 2020

COVID science is being both done and circulated at a furious pace. While it is inspiring to see the research community responding so vigorously to the pandemic crisis, all this activity has also created a churning sea of bad data, conflicting results, and exaggerated headlines. With representations of science becoming increasingly polarized, twisted and hyped, there is growing concern that the relevant science is being represented to the public in a manner that may cause confusion, inappropriate expectations, and the erosion of public trust. Here we explore some of the key issues associated with the representations of science in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Many of these issues are not new. But the COVID-19 pandemic has placed a spotlight on the biomedical research process and amplified the adverse ramifications of poor public communication. We need to do better. As such, we conclude with ten recommendations aimed at key actors involved in the communication of COVID-19 science, including government, funders, universities, publishers, media and the research communities.
Cadherin 18 (Cadherin 14) is differentially expressed in the tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: December 2020

Trastuzumab (Herceptin) is a monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (1) utilized for the treatment of adjuvant and metastatic breast cancer (2) in the United States and worldwide. We mined published microarray and gene expression data (3, 4) to discover in an unbiased manner the most significant transcriptional changes associated with trastuzumab treatment. We identified cadherin 18, also known as cadherin 14, encoded by CDH18 as among the genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer treated with trastuzumab. The primary tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab expressed higher levels of CDH18 messenger RNA than did patients not treated with trastuzumab, and a single administration of trastuzumab was sufficient to result in differential expression of CDH18 in primary tumors of the breast, demonstrating increased expression of a neural-specific cell adhesion molecule (5) as a direct transcriptional consequence of treatment with trastuzumab.
Dakwah Dalam Pespekif Sirah Nabi (Periode Makah)
Authors: dewiyanti shifa ulfiana
Published: November 2020

Nabi Muhammad adalah Nabi penutup dari para nabi utusan Allah di muka bumi sebagai penyempurna agama dari masa Nabi-nabi sebelum beliau. Sebelum datangnya Islam, berbagai macam tradisi telah memiliki kelompok masing-masing di wilayahnya, lain halnya dalam tahap tertentu dari kebudayaan dalam seni atau pemerintah dan sebagainya melainkan sampai fase di dalam garis-garis golngan keagamaan tertentu. Dengan adanya agama Islam, terjadi keseimbangan yang lebih tua diantara tipe-tipe tradisi telah terganggu dan unsur-unsur baru telah diletakkan di sampingnya. Muhammad bin Abdullah adalah Nabi dan Rasul terakhir yaitu utusan Allah Swt. Beliau lahir di Mekkah sekitar 570 Masehi atau pada tahun Gajah dan wafat di Madinah 632 Masehi pada usia 63 tahun. Ayah beliau bernama Abdullah bin Abdul Muththalib dan Ibu beliau adalah Aminah binti Wahab . Beliau diangkat menjadi Rasul setelah bertahannuf atau bertahanus di Gua Hira selama 6 bulan lamanya, bertepatan dengan tanggal 17 Ramadhan turunlah wahyu yang pertama sebagai penegas diangkatnya Nabi sebagai Rasul yaitu QS. Al Alaq ayat 1-5.Rasulullah saw membekali diri dengan kebaikan, ketaqwaan, keikhlasan dan akhlak mulia dalam membimbing sehingga menimbulkan empati dan masyarakat mudah menerima ajakan (ajaran Islam). Nabi Muhammad SAW dalam mengemukakan dakwah Islam menggunakan berbagai macam metode antara lain: metode sembunyi-sembunyi, dakwah secara terang-terangan, politik pemerintah, surat-menyurat, peperangan, pendidikan dan pengajaran agama.
Larangan Menimbun Dan Monopoli
Authors: Arohman
Published: December 2020

Menimbun / monopoli adalah tindakan menyimpan harta, manfaat atau jasa dan enggan menjual dan memberikannya kepada orang lain, yang mengakibatkan melonjaknya harga pasar secara derastis disebabkan persediaan terbatas atau setok barang hilang sama sekali dari pasar, sedangkan masyarakat memerlukan manfaat barang tersebut.
Protocadherin 11, Y-linked (PCDH11Y) is differentially expressed in the tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: December 2020

Trastuzumab (Herceptin) is a monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (1) utilized for the treatment of adjuvant and metastatic breast cancer (2) in the United States and worldwide. We mined published microarray and gene expression data (3, 4) to discover in an unbiased manner the most significant transcriptional changes associated with trastuzumab treatment. We identified the protocadherin 11, Y-linked, PCDH11Y, as among the genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer treated with trastuzumab. The primary tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab expressed higher levels of PCDH11Y messenger RNA than did patients not treated with trastuzumab, demonstrating increased expression of a neuronal cell adhesion molecule (5, 6) as a transcriptional consequence of treatment with trastuzumab.
Sumber Pengetahuan (FILSAFAT ILMU)
Authors: HANDAYANI SILVANA LIZ
Published: December 2020

Dalam filsafat pengetahuan (epistemologi) sumber pengetahuan selama perjalanan ilmu pengetahuan, baik dari dunia Barat maupun Timur. Sumber pengetahuan dari rasio. Orang-orang yang mengembangkan cara ini disebut kaum rasionalis. Kaum rasionalis ini mengembangkan paham yang kita kenal dan sering dengar saat ini dengan term rasionalisme. Sumber pengetahuan berdasarkan pengalaman. Sumber pengetahuan yang kedua ini biasa disebut empiris yang dijadikan paham empirisme oleh kaum empiris. Cara kedua ini berbeda dengan sumber pengetahuan yang pertama. Sumber kedua ini sangat kontradiksi kaum rasionalis.
Ikhlas Beramal
Authors: Ulum Muhamad Misbahul
Published: November 2020

Dalam setiap ibadah selain niat faktor pendukung lainnya adalah ikhlas. Dengan memurnikan hati untuk beribadah yang semata-mata hanya untuk mendapat Ridha dari sang pencipta yang dengannya ibadah tersebut bisa bernilai.
Kumpulan Hadits Dakwah
Authors: Muhyi Abdul
Published: December 2020

Hadits adalah segala sesuatu yang disandarkan kepada Nasbi SAWbaik mengenai perkataan, pebuatan, taqrir dan sebagainya. Hadits merupakan sumber tasyri’ kedua. Secara global semua ulama mengakuinya, tetapi secara terperinci mereka berpendapat tentang kedudukan hadits sebagai dalil tasyri’, sebab hadits dilihat dari jumlah perawi yang ada yang dinamakan hadits ahad dan hadits mutawatir, sedangkan dilihat dari nilainya ada yang shahih dan ada yang dla’if. Adapun sumber tasyri’ adalah dasar penetapan hukum Islam. Oleh sebab itu pembahasan ini ingin mengetahui pemikiran Ulama atau Kyai Pondok Pesantren Sabilil Muttaqien tentang hadits sebagai sumber tasyri’. Rumusan masalah dalam pembahasan ini adalah; 1). Bagaimana aliran pemikiran Ulama’/Kyai Pesantren Sabilil Muttaqien Takeran tentang hadits sebagai sumber Hukum Islam, 2). Bagaimana pandangan para Ulama’/Kyai Pesantren Sabilil Muttaqien Takeran terhadap hadits dla’if dan hadits ahad sebagai hujjah. Sebagai populasinya yakni semua pengurus pondok yang berjumlah 33 orang, 3 orang pengajar dan 145 santri. Adapun sampelnya menggunakan teknik Purposive Sample. Sumber data dari pembahasan ini adalah dari 1). Literature ( Al-Qur’an, kitab-kitab hadits diantaranya Bulughul Maram, Tanqihul Qaulil Hadits dsb). 2). Data empiris (diperoleh dari pengurus dan pimpinan pondok, pengajar dan para santri). Teknik pengumpulan data diperoleh dari observasi, interview dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan analisa data menggunakan metode kwalitatif, namun dalam hal-hal tertentu digunakan juga analisa kwantitatif. Pendekatan secara induktif (hasil dari observasi dan wawancara para responden). Dari pembahasan ini dapat diambil suatu kesimpulan bahwa; 1). Ulama Pesantren Sabilil Muttaqien Takeran secara prinsip mengakui bahwa hadits merupakan sumber tasyri’ yang kedua setelah Al-Qur’an tanpa membedakan hadits mutawatir dan ahad, 2). Hadits ahad yang shahih dapat dipakai sebagai sumber tasyri’, termasuk dapat mentakhsish ayat yang “ammentafshil ayat yang mujmal serta mentaqyid ayat yang mutlak, 3). Hadits dla’if (ringan) dapat dipakai sebagai dasar adla-ilul “Ama
Lifestyle
Authors: Via Via fathiya
Published: December 2020

Indeed, we as humans always want to show the best for the environment. Life style or lifestyle will establish a person's self-image where an activity that is often carried out and someone's interest in something will be shown by himself. With the development of this modern era, everything is easy and instant, so this is very influential on people's lifestyle. There are many negative and positive things that arise. However, due to the lack of modern society to think intellectually and to take advantage of sophisticated technology, as a result people become consumers of hedonism. Whereas in the teachings of Islam, Allah instructs us not to become extravagant people, one of which is by saving or giving alms, that is one way of utilizing what we currently have properly.Keyword: Life style and hedonisme
JURNAL HADIS TEMATIK BULLYING
Authors: Muttaqin Jaenal
Published: December 2020

AbstractBullying is a term used to mock or insult another person. Bullying is am aggresive act committed by one person to another with the aim of hitting other.Bullying doesen't only happen to people who know each other or often meet in person. On this advanced age, bullying can be done via the internet, such as WhatsApp, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and other. The term bullying through gadgets ia commonly known as cyberbullying. Bullying can asli occur through body shaming, which ia criticizing or commenting on physically unkind ways such as being fat, thin, and so on. So that the victim feels interior then Insecure (feeling not confident) and it Van have a negative impact.AbstrakBullying adalah istilah yang digunakan untuk mengejek atau menghina orang lain. Bullying merupakan perbuatan agresif yang dilakukan oleh seseorang kepada orang lainnya dengan tujuan untuk menyakiti hati orang lain.Bullying tidak hanya terjadi pada orang-orang yang saling kenal atau sering bertemu secara langsung. Di zaman yang sudah maju ini, bullying bisa dilakukan lewat internet, seperti WhatsApp, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter dan lain-lain. Istilah bullying melalui gadget biasa dikenal dengan istilah cyberbullying.Bullying juga bisa terjadi lewat body shaming, yaitu mngkritik atau mengomentari fisik dengan cara tidak baik seperti gendut, kurus, dan lain sebagainya. Sehingga korban merasa minder kemudian Insecure (merasa tidak percaya diri) dan bisa menimbulkan dampak yang negatif.
Detection and forecasting of shallow landslides: lessons from a natural laboratory
Authors: Bainbridge Rupert , Lim Michael , Dunning Stuart , Winter Mike , Diaz-Moreno Alejandro , Martin James , Torun Hamdi , Sparkes Bradley , Khan Muhammad , Jin Nanlin
Published: December 2020

Rapid shallow landslides are a significant hillslope erosion mechanism and limited understanding of their initiation and development results in persistent risk to infrastructure. Here, we analyse the slope above the strategic A83 Rest and be Thankful road in the west of Scotland. An inventory of 70 landslides (2003–2020) shows three types of shallow landslide, debris flows, creep deformation, and debris falls. Debris flows dominate and account for 5,350 m3 (98%) of shallow-landslide source volume across the site. We use novel time-lapse vector tracking to detect and quantify slope instabilities, whilst seismometers demonstrate the potential for live detection and location of debris flows. Using on-slope rainfall data, we show that shallow-landslides are typically triggered by abrupt changes in the rainfall trend, characterised by high-intensity, long duration rainstorms, sometimes part of larger seasonal rainfall changes. We derive empirical antecedent precipitation (>62 mm) and intensity-duration (>10 h) thresholds over which shallow-landslides occur. Analysis shows the new thresholds are more effective at raising hazard alerts than the current management plan. The low-cost sensors provide vital notification of increasing hazard, the initiation of movement, and final failure. This approach offers considerable advances to support operational decision-making for infrastructure threatened by complex slope hazards.
Ringkasan teori Dance and Movement Therapy
Authors: Kadju Gaspar Mario
Published: December 2020

Menari adalah salah satu bentuk seni tertua. Sebelum penemuan tulisan, tari adalah salah satu metode yang paling banyak digunakan untuk menyampaikan cerita dan ide dari satu generasi ke generasi berikutnya. “Tarian sosial, seperti square dancing dan line dancing, dirancang untuk menciptakan rasa persatuan dan kerja sama di antara sekelompok orang. Tarian “gabungan” (serangkaian gerakan yang dikoreografikan dengan baik diatur ke musik dan ditampilkan baik secara individu atau dalam kelompok) dan gerakan dikenal karena potensinya untuk mempromosikan ikatan sosial di banyak budaya
Ringkasan teori Literature and Writing Therapy
Authors: Kadju Gaspar Mario
Published: December 2020

Penggunaan literatur sebagai alat penyembuhan dalam konseling dikenal dengan berbagai nama. Biblioterapi, bibliocounseling, terapi puisi, skripoterapi adalah istilah yang paling umum untuk menggambarkan penggunaan kata-kata tertulis dalam proses terapeutik. Penggunaan literatur yang diterbitkan dalam konseling disebut terutama sebagai biblioterapi (dari kata Yunani biblion yang berarti "buku" dan therapeio yang berarti "penyembuhan").
Drama or Psychodrama Therapy
Authors: Natasya Nadia
Published: December 2020

Drama berfokus pada komunikasi antara orang dan perannya individu dalam menjalani kehidupan sehari-hari. Dalam terapi, seperti aktivitas manusia, drama tidak bisa dihindari karena selama siklus hidup manusia, orang terus- menerus dihadapkan pada perubahan dramatis, dan ini diperlukan karena semua transisi terjadi sebagai hasil dari pengalaman.(Kedem-Tahar & Felix-Kellermann,1996,hal 27). Individu yang tidak sehat sering bertindak dengan cara yang kaku dan stereotip, misalnya sebagai penenang, pengalihan perhatian, dan penuduh (Satir,1972).
Public criticism as an instrument of prevention of violence in society
Authors: Timofeeva Lidiya
Published: December 2020

Power is often interpreted as a violence, which is answered by other violence on the part of the opposition. The stronger the tyranny of the government, the stronger the resistance from the opposition, even to the use of terror. The Norwegian conflictologist J. Galtung in his concept of structural and cultural violence and the American political scientist R. Galtung have convincingly shown what comes out of such a confrontation. Dahl, who explored the relationship between the government and the opposition through public rivalry. Today often consider a category of «power» is not so much traditional power key as a communicative, discourse – as a phenomenon arising out of communicating and involving the society to choose a certain political code of the alternatives proposed by the management group and resulting from their joint discourse. In this case, such tools of political communication as public criticism and alternative views on what is happening on the part of the public, the opposition helps to avoid violence and understand not only how power arises, but also why it loses its authority and the opposition strengthens. The basis for this analysis, we find in critical theory of the German marxists and, above all, the scientific representatives of the Frankfurt school H. Arendt and J. Habermas, in genetic structuralism P. Bourdieu in the theory of self-referential systems of N. Luhmann, in post-sructuralism in M. Foucault et al. The reluctance of the authorities and the opposition to cooperate with each other in the form of constructive discourse is explained in particular by the «fundamentalism» in the thinking of both. The historical concept analysis of the Russian radical opposition shows that its ontogenesis is persistently reproduced every time a political (ideological) resource of the government is developed and society loses its perspective of development, when the government does not create itself and does not perceive alternatives from its opponents and prohibits public criticism.
Neurosurgical Training: Adapting to the New Normal
Authors: Thapa Amit
Published: December 2020

The risk of transmitting COVID-19 infection while gathering in groups inside closed spaces and subsequent threat of morbidity and mortality among the health workers due to the disease, has forced medical education-programs globally to rethink and modify their mode of training.

The neurosurgical training programs which have been built upon “read one, see one and do one” philosophy now seems impractical to pursue in wake of social distancing measures. Measures like re-scheduling of the duty rosters to keep the whole team from getting exposed, limit on number of health staff allowed inside operating rooms and in rounds, and curbs on amount of interactions with patients along with drastic reduction of routine operative cases in the hospitals, have made teaching and learning activities difficult.
Unilateral Cranial Polyneuropathy in Herpes Zoster Oticus: Infection teaching us Anatomy
Authors: Qavi Abdul , Tiwari Ashutosh , Maurya Pradeep Kumar , Singh Ajai Kumar , Kumar Pradeep
Published: December 2020

Herpes zoster oticus or Ramsay Hunt syndrome is an uncommon neurological manifestation of herpes virus infection causing external ear rash with otalgia and facial nerve palsy. Rarely herpetic infection may present with multiple cranial nerves palsies involving VII, VIII, IX and X cranial nerves.

Here we report a case of herpes zoster oticus with multiple cranial nerve palsy. This case study will help in understanding the dermatomal distribution of cranial nerves with cranial polyneuropathy due to reactivation of neurotropic herpes virus.

Some interesting case reports regarding different cranial nerve involvement in herpetic infection are discussed in the table which helps in understanding the neurotropism of herpes virus.
Dual training of a specialist in the framework of pedagogical institution of higher education
Authors: Maksymchuk Borys , Shvets Iryna , Vyshnivska Nataliia , Honchar Halyna , Andriy Shalyov
Published: November 2020

Creativity is a universal function of a person who leads to all forms of self-expression. In the modern youth’s consciousness, the concept “self-expression”, unfortunately, dominates the concept “creativity”, but both concepts can be elevated to a common valeological denominator: to detect, to express, to represent, and to develop oneself only by a natural evolutionary way, and not by blind inheritance, use of stimulants, abuse, virtual reality, etc. At the present stage, there is a general deterioration in ecology, mental hygiene, and human health, but this is now opposed not so much by individual areas of activity and science as by a holistic approach. In the non-medical sphere, such as education, this approach reveals itself by updating the methodological and praxeological implementations of a competent approach to teacher’s and student’s health saving. This individual social phenomenon is based on deep mental properties - awareness, need, intentionality, which are strengthened externally by personal factors: integration and interdisciplinary valeology, socionomy orientation of educational process, dialectical interaction of intra-personal and external personal dominants (cultural, social, psychological). Therefore, physical culture as a universal subject and a sphere of human activity, which concerns the training of all pedagogical and non-pedagogical specialties within the framework of higher education, has several advantages and contrasts with the cycle of disciplines only of the intellectual and competent plan. Despite not the difference in the scope of the concepts “physical culture” and “physical education”, despite the optional nature of university classes in this course, this discipline has virtually unlimited potential in future teachers’ education and training of valeological identity and culture.
Enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal durante el embarazo
Authors: Chaves De Simone Mariana , Garnier Fernández Juan Carlos , Pérez Muñoz José Daniel
Published: December 2020

La enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal es una condición crónica inflamatoria, compleja y multifactorial, que ha venido siendo más incidente y prevalente en las últimas décadas. Con los años, se han creado diversos medicamentos para el manejo de la enfermedad, tanto en periodos de exacerbación como de mantenimiento, con el objetivo primordial de mantenerla en remisión. Debido a que las mujeres en edad reproductiva no son excluidas del diagnóstico, en caso de un embarazo, es necesario definir la terapia más adecuada, considerando los beneficios maternos del tratamiento y el riesgo fetal que podría tener la terapia a utilizar.
Trastornos psiquiátricos frecuentes en el periodo postparto
Authors: Araya Villavicencio Sofía , Barrantes Ortiz Irene
Published: December 2020

El periodo postparto representa un riesgo para el desarrollo o exacerbación de trastornos mentales. El “baby blues” es una entidad cuyo síntoma principal es la tristeza, y puede evolucionar a una depresión mayor (en este periodo conocida como depresión postparto); ambas entidades tienen alta prevalencia y es importante abordarlas tempranamente para evitar complicaciones como el suicidio o infanticidio. Por su parte, la psicosis postparto comprende una alteración en la percepción de la realidad que se presenta en las primeras cuatro semanas después de dar a luz, y se considera como un debut del trastorno bipolar; esta entidad también supone un factor de riesgo para suicidio e infanticidio. El abordaje de estos trastornos debe ser integral, obteniéndose una historia clínica y examen físico detallados y descartando posibles causas orgánicas para los síntomas, para así poder iniciar un tratamiento de manera oportuna.
Effect of phenotypic switching on the susceptibility of Candida krusei towards amphotericin B, nystatin and Piper betle aqueous extract
Authors: Arzmi Mohd Hafiz , Razak Fathilah Abdul , Wan Harun Wan Himratul Aznita , Wan Mohd Kamaluddin Wan Nur Fatihah , Rismayuddin Nurul Alia Risma
Published: December 2020

Candida krusei (C. krusei) is associated with oral candidiasis, particularly in immunecompromised patients. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of phenotypic switching to the susceptibility of C. krusei towards amphotericin B, nystatin and aqueous extract of Piper betle (P. betle). To induce phenotypic switching, C. krusei was inoculated in yeast extract peptone dextrose (YEPD) broth supplemented with 5 mg mL-1 phloxine B andincubated for five hours at 25 °C. Later, 100 µL of the suspension was inoculated on YEPD agar supplemented with 5 mg mL-1 phloxine B and incubated for five days at 25 °C. Disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays were conducted to determine the susceptibility of C. krusei. The results showed that all C. krusei switched generations were susceptible towards amphotericin B and nystatin with the 3rd and 4th generations significantly more susceptible than the un-switched, respectively (P<0.05). All C. krusei switched generations were also observed to be susceptible towards the aqueous extract of P. betle. The MIC of amphotericin B, nystatin and P. betle were determined at 10 µg mL-1, 10 µg mL-1 and 12.5 mg mL-1, respectively for all generations of C. krusei. In conclusion, the susceptibility of C. krusei was phenotypically switched generation dependent towards amphotericin B, nystatin, and Piper betle aqueous extract.
Racism and Xenophobia Towards China and People with Chinese Ethnicity Following COVID-19
Authors: Ammar Dylan
Published: December 2020

This content analysis examined public reactions to Twitter posts made by Donald Trump referring to COVID-19 as the “Chinese Virus”. Fifty replies were open coded from which eight themes emerged: endangerment, stigmatization, xenophobia, accountability, accuracy, inferiority, visual promotion, and written promotion. The themes correspond to four meta-themes regarding China, its population, and people with Chinese ethnicity including: explicit opposition to racism towards China and its population, neither an opposition nor a promotion of racism, an implicit promotion of racism, and an explicit promotion of racism. The most prevalent theme addressed xenophobia and more specifically, an opposition to racism towards people with Chinese ethnicity. While most replies to Trump’s Tweets demonstrated an opposition to xenophobia, 14 of the 50 Tweets analyzed explicitly promoted racism.
A new species of the genus Depressaria Haworth, 1811 (Lepidoptera: Depressariidae) from Kazakhstan and Tajikistan
Authors: Lvovsky A.L.
Published: December 2020

Depressaria kailai sp. n. from the south-east Kazakhstan and Tajikistan is described. The new species is closely related to D. hannemanniana Lvovsky, 1990, being different in the structures of male and female genitalia.
MODERN APPROACHES IN BREWING BIOTECHNOLOGY
Authors: Jussupova D. , Zhuman A.
Published: December 2020

The article discusses some aspects of the rapidly growing food industry in Kazakhstan - brewing, as well as the priority role of biotechnology in the fermentation production of beverages based on the processing of raw materials supplied by agriculture.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПРОЦЕССОВ ПРИ ПОДЪЕМЕ СПОРТСМЕНА ПО ВЕРЕВКЕ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ВИДЕОНАБЛЮДЕНИЯ
Authors: Makashova Z. , Cherednichenko Z. , Cherednichenko F.
Published: November 2020

В статье предлагается метод исследования процессов во время подъема спортсмена по вертикальной веревке. Положение ведущего и фиксирующего зажимов, через которые проходят мерные ленты, записываются видеокамерами. Обработка результатов измерений позволяет установить координаты положения спортсмена и конца нагруженной части веревки в любой момент времени. С помощью анализа изменения указанных величин определяются динамические параметры веревки и расход энергии спортсменом.