bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cooling of Heated Blocks with Triangular Guide Protrusions Simulating Printed Circuit Boards
Authors: Beyazoglu Ebubekir , Yuce Bahadir Erman , Ates Murat , Yalindag Rumeysa , Sokmen Kemal Furkan , Pulat Erhan
Published: November 2022

There is no study that investigates triangular guide protrusions including their systematical geometrical changes together with the effects of channel height in the open literature in the context of the authors’ knowledge. Moreover, the number of laminar studies is less than turbulent studies, whereas low velocity or natural convection cases are still important, especially for small devices in small PCB passages. The objective of this study is to investigate numerically the effects of triangular guide protrusions for the enhancement of heat transfer from the blocks’ simulated electronic components in laminar flow conditions. Two-dimensional, incompressible, steady, and laminar flow analysis was performed to predict fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics for three heated blocks in a PCB (printed circuit board) passage with triangular guide protrusions mounted on the upper wall. The Galerkin finite element method of weighted residuals was used to discretize conservation equations. The effects of the channel expansion ratio and inlet velocity were investigated for five geometrical cases. If the size of the protrusions is increased, the existence of protrusions starts to affect the flow patterns on the lower wall. The size of the last protrusion controls the flow structure downstream of the last block. On the upper wall, after the last protrusion, a recirculation is formed and the length of the recirculation increases with an increasing Re number. Moreover, the reattachment length of recirculation after the last block increases with an increasing Reynolds number for a fixed expansion ratio. Expansion ratio and inflow conditions caused by blocks and protrusions have a great influence on the formation of secondary recirculation in addition to the Reynolds number. Heat transfer increases with increasing sizes of upper triangular protrusions. Maximum overall heat transfer enhancement is provided as 47.7% with the geometry of the maximum sized protrusions for the channel height of 3 h. In the case of 4 h, the maximum overall heat transfer enhancement is 24.21%. These enhancements in heat transfer that can be encountered in PCB cooling applications may help the PCB cooling designers.
Potentials and Limitations of Subsidies in Sustainability Governance: The Example of Agriculture
Authors: Heyl Katharine , Ekardt Felix , Sund Lennard , Roos Paula
Published: November 2022

The goals of the Paris Agreement and the Convention on Biological Diversity call for a global transition to sustainability. To achieve these goals, subsidies can be implemented. Subsidies are pervasive especially (but not only) in the agricultural sector. The agricultural sector plays an important role in the transition to sustainability as agriculture can both benefit and harm climate and biodiversity. Some agricultural subsidies seem environmentally beneficial, but the majority appear environmentally destructive. Against this background, this article applies a qualitative governance analysis—including aspects of legal analysis—to provide a comprehensive review of agricultural subsidies in the EU and to discuss the role of subsidies in transitioning towards sustainability. Results show that agricultural subsidies need to be substantially downscaled and implemented as complementary instruments only because other policy instruments such as quantity control instruments are more effective in addressing the drivers of non-sustainability, i.e., fossil fuels and livestock farming. However, subsidies remain a useful complementary instrument to remunerate the provision of public goods (e.g., in nature conservation) as long as they are constructed in a way that they do not suffer from typical governance problems. In addition, data and transparency need to be improved, subsidies for research and development increased, and environmental objectives streamlined through EU law to ensure all agricultural subsidies are in line with global environmental goals.
Financial Sustainability of African Small-to-Medium Enterprises during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Determinants of Crowdfunding Success
Authors: Mamaro Lenny Phulong , Sibindi Athenia Bongani
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study was to establish the determinants of crowdfunding campaign successes of African small-to-medium enterprises (SMEs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study utilised cross-sectional data, which were collected from TheCrowdDataCentre database. This consisted of 215 crowdfunding projects in Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic. The logistic and ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models were specified to test the research questions of the study. The results of the study documented that the average pledged amount and number of backers variables were positively and significantly related to crowdfunding success. This accords with the signalling theory. Many backers and higher amount pledges signal investor confidence in the project. The results of the study also show that a crowdfunding campaign’s success was positively related to the number of updates. This is consistent with the information asymmetry theory, as frequent updates symptomize transparency; hence, backers will have more information, which will spur them to invest more in the project. These results provide guidelines to practitioners and entrepreneurs on the factors that are important in harnessing crowdfunding resources from crowdfunding sources to ensure the financial sustainability of SMEs as the world emerges from the COVID-19 pandemic.
Solving a Boundary Value Problem via Fixed-Point Theorem on ®-Metric Space
Authors: Mani Gunaseelan , Janardhanan Gopinath , Ege Ozgur , Gnanaprakasam Arul Joseph , De la Sen Manuel
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we prove the fixed-point theorem for rational contractive mapping on ®-metric space. Additionally, an Euclidean metric space with a binary relation example and an application to the first-order boundary value problem are given. Moreover, the obtained results generalize and extend some of the well-known results in the literature.
Analysis of the Type V Intermittency Using the Perron-Frobenius Operator
Authors: Elaskar Sergio , del Rio Ezequiel , Schulz Walkiria
Published: November 2022

A methodology to study the reinjection process in type V intermittency is introduced. The reinjection probability density function (RPD), and the probability density of the laminar lengths (RPDL) for type V intermittency are calculated. A family of maps with discontinuous and continuous RPD functions is analyzed. Several tests were performed, in which the proposed technique was compared with the classical theory of intermittency, the M function methodology, and numerical data. The analysis exposed that the new technique can accurately capture the numerical data. Therefore, the scheme presented herein is a useful tool to theoretically evaluate the statistical variables for type V intermittency.
Some Applications of Affine in Velocities Lagrangians in Two-Dimensional Systems
Authors: Cariñena José F. , Fernández-Núñez José
Published: November 2022

The two-dimensional inverse problem for first-order systems is analysed and a method to construct an affine Lagrangian for such systems is developed. The determination of such Lagrangians is based on the theory of the Jacobi multiplier for the system of differential equations. We illustrate our analysis with several examples of families of forces that are relevant in mechanics, on one side, and of some relevant biological systems, on the other.
Mapping the Spatiotemporal Distribution of Bovine Rabies in Colombia, 2005–2019
Authors: Bonilla-Aldana D. Katterine , Jimenez-Diaz S. Daniela , Barboza Joshuan J. , Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J.
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Rabies is caused by a virus belonging to the genus Lyssavirus and family Rhabdoviridae, which can infect any mammal including humans. Hematophagous, fructivorous, and insectivorous bats have become the main reservoir of sylvatic rabies in Latin America. In the sylvatic cycle, hematophagous bats are usually the main reservoir. In contrast, dogs and cats fulfil this critical role in the urban cycle. However, in rural areas, the most affected animals are bovines. They show clinical signs such as behavioural changes, hypersalivation, muscle tremors, spasms caused by extensive damage to the central nervous system, and death from respiratory paralysis. Objective: To describe the spatiotemporal distribution of bovine rabies in Colombia from 2005 to 2019. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional descriptive observational study, based on the monthly reports of the Colombian Agricultural Institute (ICA) on the surveillance of bovine rabies in Colombia from 2005 to 2019, retrieved from its official website. The data were converted to databases in Microsoft Access 365®. Multiple epidemiological maps were developed with the GIS software Kosmo RC1® 3.0 coupled to the shape files (.shp) of all the country’s municipalities. Results: During the study period, 4888 cases of rabies were confirmed in cattle, ranging from a peak of 542 cases (11.1%) in 2014 to 43 in 2019 (0.88%). From 2014 to 2019, there has been a significant reduction in the annual national number of cases (r2 = 0.9509, p < 0.05). In 2019, 32.6% of the cases occurred in January, and 48.8% occurred in the department of Sucre. In 2009, the maximum number of spatial clusters (13) occurred in the Orinoquia region, where other clusters were also identified in 2005, 2006 and 2008. In 2018, 98 outbreaks were identified that led to the death of cattle and other animals, 28.6% of them in the department of Sucre. In the first half of 2019, of 38 outbreaks, 55.2% were identified in Sucre. Conclusions: It is necessary to review the current national program for the prevention and control of rabies in cattle, incorporating concepts from the ecology of bats, as well as the prediction of contagion waves of geographical and temporal spread in the context of the OneHealth Approach. Sylvatic rabies remains a threat in Colombia that requires further study.
Comparative Study on Immune Function of the Head and Trunk Kidney in Rainbow Trout Responding to IHNV Infection
Authors: Sun Ruhan , Wang Qin , Huang Zhenyu , Zhan Mengting , Zhao Zhangchun , Wang Bingchao , Guo Mengge , Yuan Le , Shi Zechao , Ouyang Gang , Ji Wei
Published: November 2022

A teleost’s kidney was divided into head kidney and trunk kidney. The head kidney is an important lymphatic organ, while the trunk kidney mainly performs osmotic pressure regulation and excretion functions. Previous studies have shown that the teleost’s head kidney exerts a strong immune response against pathogen invasion, while the mechanism of immune response in the trunk kidney is still rarely reported. Therefore, in this study, we established an Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) immersion infection model to compare the similarities and differences of immune response mechanisms between the head kidney and trunk kidney against viral infection. The results showed that IHNV infection causes severe tissue damage and inflammatory reaction in the head and trunk kidney, triggers a series of interferon cascade reactions, and produces strong immune response. In addition, the transcriptome data showed that the head kidney and trunk kidney had similar immune response mechanisms, which showed that the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway were activated. In conclusion, despite functional differentiation, the teleost’s trunk kidney still has a strong immune response, especially the interferon-stimulated genes, which have stronger immune response in the trunk kidney than in the head kidney when responding to IHNV infection. This study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the teleost immune system and enriches the theory of kidney immunity in teleosts.
Effect of BIO-PLYTM, a Platelet-Rich Plasma Derived Biologic on PRRSV-2-Infected Macrophages
Authors: Frias-De-Diego Alba , Gilbertie Jessica M. , Scholle Frank , Dejarnette Sarah , Crisci Elisa
Published: November 2022

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) is the one of the most devastating diseases impacting the swine industry worldwide. Control and prevention methods rely on biosafety measures and vaccination. As an RNA virus with a high rate of mutation, vaccines are only partially effective against circulating and newly emerging strains. To reduce the burden of this disease, research on alternative control methods is needed. Here, we assess the in vitro antiviral effect of a novel platelet-rich plasma-derived biologic termed BIO-PLYTM (for the BIOactive fraction of Platelet-rich plasma LYsate) from both swine and equine origin. Our results show that BIO-PLYTM significantly reduces the amount of PRRSV viral load determined by RT-qPCR and the number of infectious viral particles measured by TCID50 in infected porcine alveolar and parenchymal macrophages. This study also showed limited toxicity of BIO-PLYTM in vitro and aspects of its immunomodulatory capacity evaluating the regulation of reactive oxygen species and cytokines production in infected cells. Finally, this study presents promising data on the effect of BIO-PLYTM on other RNA viruses such as human A influenza viruses and coronavirus.
Numerical Simulation of Boulder Fluid–Solid Coupling in Debris Flow: A Case Study in Zhouqu County, Gansu Province, China
Authors: Wang Fei , Wang Jiading , Chen Xiaoqing , Zhang Shaoxiong , Qiu Haijun , Lou Canyun
Published: November 2022

Boulders mixed with debris flows roll downstream under interactions with debris flow slurry, which poses a great threat to the people, houses, bridges, and other infrastructure encountered during their movement. The catastrophic debris flow in Zhouqu County, which occurred on 7 August 2010, was used as an example to study the motion and accumulation characteristics of boulders in debris flows. In this study, a fluid–solid coupling model utilizing the general moving objects collision model and the renormalization group turbulent model was used in the FLOW-3D software, treating boulders with different shapes in the Zhouqu debris flow as rigid bodies and the debris flow as a viscous flow. Numerical simulation results show that this method can be used to determine the motion parameters of boulders submerged in debris flows at different times, such as the centroid velocity, angular velocity, kinetic energy, and motion coordinates. The research method employed herein can provide a reference for studying debris flow movement mechanisms, impact force calculations, and aid in designing engineering control structures.
Assessment of Agricultural Land Suitability for Surface Irrigation Using Geospatial Techniques in the Lower Omo Gibe Basin, Ethiopia
Authors: Hagos Yonas Gebresilasie , Andualem Tesfa Gebrie , Yibeltal Mesenbet , Malede Demelash Ademe , Melesse Assefa M. , Teshome Fitsum T. , Bayabil Haimanote K. , Kebede Endalkachew Abebe , Demissie Ermias Alemu , Mitku Addisalem Bitew , Mengie Mequanent Abathun
Published: November 2022

Land suitability assessment for irrigation is critical to inform as well as manage current and future irrigated agriculture production systems. Land suitability analysis determines whether a given land area could potentially be used for specific crop production. The objective of this study was to identify the availability of suitable land for surface irrigation systems for the production of millet, sorghum, sugarcane, and wheat production in the Lower Omo Gibe plain, Southern Ethiopia. Land suitability analysis was performed by a parametric method using factors such as soil texture, effective soil depth, Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3), soil electrical conductivity (ECe), drainage class, and slope. Five land suitability classes were identified that include highly suitable (S1), moderately suitable (S2), marginally suitable (S3), currently not suitable (N1), and permanently not suitable (N2). Results showed that 6.6, 7.5, 6.6, and 6.6% of the study area mostly located in the western part of the basin, were highly suitable (S1) for irrigated millets, sorghum, sugarcane, and wheat crops production, respectively. However, the mountainous areas in the central part of the basin were classified as N2 due to the steep slope and shallow soil depth. Overall, the results of the study revealed that the use of various suitability analysis techniques could assist in identifying suitable land for irrigated agriculture.
Application of Modified Biochar in the Treatment of Pesticide Wastewater by Constructed Wetland
Authors: Hu Yong , Xiao Rong , Kuang Bo , Hu Yanping , Wang Yaping , Bai Junhong , Wang Chen , Zhang Ling , Wei Zhuoqun , Zhang Kegang , Jorquera Milko A. , Acuña Jacqueliine J. , Pan Wenbin
Published: November 2022

To explore the synergistic effects of modified biochar in the purification of herbicide-containing wastewater, the effect of biochar addition on the removal effect of the herbicide atrazine in wastewater was verified by the addition of biochar bags in a small reed bed-constructed wetland in the laboratory. The results showed that the addition of sulfuric acid-modified biochar could increase the removal rate of atrazine in wastewater from 50% to 70%, and the COD elimination rate in wastewater was from 66.7% to 86.7%. The addition of biochar to the constructed reed bed wetland improved the removal efficiency of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the wastewater, and the outlet water from the constructed wetland reached the Class III level of China’s surface water quality standard (the inlet water was inferior to Class V). The experimental design met the requirements of low-cost, generalized atrazine-containing wastewater treatment and thus could have the potential for wide application. The results reflected the application potential of modified biochar as a synergist in the treatment of herbicide wastewater in constructed wetlands.
About the unity of the Russian nation
Authors:   Kursk Branch of the National Union of Political Scientist, Ustinovich Elena Stepanovna
Published: November 2022

The article discusses one of the most important areas of the political course of the President of the Russian Federation — strengthening the unity of the Russian nation. Its main organizational and legal aspects are presented. In the past few years, Russia has experienced large-scale socio-political and economic transformations that are reflected in the way of life of Russian society. The clearly outlined real life prospects contributed to the processes of consolidation of the multinational people of Russia into the Russian nation, which jointly began to solve the ambitious tasks of long-term development. In modern geopolitical conditions, Russia’s participation in the NWO is becoming increasingly important civil solidarity based on the commonality of spiritual and moral values and historical memory, as well as the role of the head of state in the integration of modern Russian society.
Estatuto da Cidade como temática pedagógica nos livros didáticos
Authors: Gontijo Azevedo Ricardo José
Published: November 2022

Este livro e seus respectivos capítulos exprimem as inúmeras abordagens do complexo teórico e metodológico que envolve a pesquisa acadêmica e a discussão de temas relacionados com a Formação Docente, o Ensino de Geografia e o Livro didático e que são fundamentais para a compreensão da Geografia Escolar. Foi organizado com a intenção de incentivar os novos pesquisadores por meio da publicação de seus artigos, ou seja, aqueles apresentados no XVIII ENANPEGE, em São Paulo, 2019, e fomentar ainda mais a rede com novas perspectivas de Formação Docente, do Ensino de Geografia e do Livro Didático em âmbito nacional, com a reunião de publicações de diversos grupos de pesquisas, em diferentes linhas de Ensino de Geografia nos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Geografia de Universidades localizadas em todas as regiões brasileiras.
Importância do conhecimento docente acerca do lugar do/a estudante: o ensino da Geografia para a emancipação humana
Authors: Rodrigues Torres Henrique
Published: November 2022

Este livro e seus respectivos capítulos exprimem as inúmeras abordagens do complexo teórico e metodológico que envolve a pesquisa acadêmica e a discussão de temas relacionados com a Formação Docente, o Ensino de Geografia e o Livro didático e que são fundamentais para a compreensão da Geografia Escolar. Foi organizado com a intenção de incentivar os novos pesquisadores por meio da publicação de seus artigos, ou seja, aqueles apresentados no XVIII ENANPEGE, em São Paulo, 2019, e fomentar ainda mais a rede com novas perspectivas de Formação Docente, do Ensino de Geografia e do Livro Didático em âmbito nacional, com a reunião de publicações de diversos grupos de pesquisas, em diferentes linhas de Ensino de Geografia nos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Geografia de Universidades localizadas em todas as regiões brasileiras.
Docência compartilhada e ensino de Geografia: reflexões e práticas na rede municipal de ensino de São Paulo-SP
Authors: Marighetti Alex
Published: November 2022

Este livro e seus respectivos capítulos exprimem as inúmeras abordagens do complexo teórico e metodológico que envolve a pesquisa acadêmica e a discussão de temas relacionados com a Formação Docente, o Ensino de Geografia e o Livro didático e que são fundamentais para a compreensão da Geografia Escolar. Foi organizado com a intenção de incentivar os novos pesquisadores por meio da publicação de seus artigos, ou seja, aqueles apresentados no XVIII ENANPEGE, em São Paulo, 2019, e fomentar ainda mais a rede com novas perspectivas de Formação Docente, do Ensino de Geografia e do Livro Didático em âmbito nacional, com a reunião de publicações de diversos grupos de pesquisas, em diferentes linhas de Ensino de Geografia nos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Geografia de Universidades localizadas em todas as regiões brasileiras.
Kinerja Bank Konvensional Pasca Spin Off Unit Usaha Syariah
Authors: Poerwokoesoemo Atman
Published: November 2022

In the last decade there are four conventional commercial banks succeeds spin off their Islamic Business Unit to become independent commercial Islamic banks. This research objective was to answer the question: do these conventional banks have a different financial performance (CAR, NPL, BOPO, ROA and LDR) between before and after they spin off its Islamic Business Units. This research using Difference Test succeeds to proof that there is difference between before and after they spin off its Islamic Business Unit among these four conventional banks. This research elaborates the financial performance difference using quarterly period of two years’ financial reports before and after spin off each. Hypothesis testing proofed that these five financial ratios shows difference performance between before and after.
Demokrasi Damai Di Era Digital
Authors: Andriani Astri Dwi
Published: November 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peta demokrasi di ranah digital beserta berbagai tantangan yang harus dihadapi dalam menciptakan demokrasi damai di era digital. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode library research atau telaah pustaka yang meliputi: pengidentifikasian secara sistematik, analisis dokumen-dokumen yang memuat informasi yang berkaitan dengan masalah kajian. Sementara itu teknik yang digunakan digunakan ialah content analysis atau kajian isi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyebaran kabar bohong (hoax) dan ujaran kebencian adalah tantangan utama yang dihadapi dalam menciptakan demokrasi damai di era digital karena dapat mengancam demokrasi dan mengarah kepada disintegrasi bangsa. Kesadaran literasi menjadi salah satu faktor pendorong masifnya peredaran hoax dan ujaran kebencian. Literasi pada akhirnya menjadi kunci dalam menciptakan demokrasi damai di era digital. Setiap informasi yang datang kepada masyarakat harus disikapi secara bijaksana dan kritis sehingga terhindar dari fitnah. Derasnya arus informasi itu harus dikelola sedimikian rupa sehingga menjadi hal-hal yang produktif.
Perkembangan Filsafat Ilmu Di Era Modern Dalam Kultur Masyarakat
Authors: Sukirno Sukirno
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tentang perkembangan filsafat ilmu di dalam kultur masyarakat secara modern. Faktor-faktor yang dikaji di dalam penelitian adalah tentang perubahan karakter kehidupan sosial masyarakat. Masalah tersebut timbul dari akibat perkembangan di dalam masyarakat yang semakin berubah sesuai dengan dinamika kehidupan sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian sosiologi hukum yang membahas tentang hubungan antara masyarakat dan hukum, mempelajari secara analistis dan empiris pengaruh timbul balik antara hukum dan gejalan sosial lainnya. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah suatu perkembangan filsafat ilmu di era modern dalam kultur masyarakat.
Violencia en pareja: factores sociodemográficos y socioeconómicos que influyen en el maltrato contra la mujer del área metropolitana de Bucaramanga, Colombia
Authors: Arguello Nicole , Sepulveda Ana , Duarte Laninger , Orrego Mariana , Redondo Jesus
Published: November 2022

Background: intimate partner violence is a social and public health problem that mainly affects the female population around the world, considering it a form of exclusion and violation of rights that can be addressed in a multicausal and multidimensional framework. Objective: to relate socioeconomic factors (employment status, level of education and social stratum) and sociodemographic factors (age and marital status) with the types of violence that occur in intimate partner relationships among women in the city of Bucaramanga, Colombia. Method: a quantitative, descriptive and correlational approach was followed, 333 women aged between 20 and 50 years were taken as a sample. Two instruments called: sociodemographic and socioeconomic data and Partner Violence against Women (VPM) were applied. Results: it was determined that there is a relationship between sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors with the types of physical, sexual and psychological violence.
MPCVD diamond-SiC composite stacks for enhanced thermal performance: a concise review
Authors: Hu Xiufei , Wang Yingnan , Peng Yan , Cheong Kuan Yew , Han Jisheng , Wang Xiwei , Li Bin , Yang Yiqiu , Xu Mingsheng , Xu Xiangang
Published: November 2022

Diamond-silicon carbide (SiC) composite stacks are composed of two kinds of wide-bandgap materials, each of which has excellent thermal, electronic, optical, and mechanical properties, and is considered an ideal material for heat dissipation. For optimal application, the interface between the two materials needs to be almost void-free and of high-quality growth. Traditional methods such as sintering and liquid/vapor phase infiltration have many problems, but the preparation of diamond-SiC composites by the microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) method can effectively solve these problems, overcome the interface defects, and break through the size limitation. In this review, various techniques for preparing diamond-SiC composites by MPCVD will be discussed. It mainly includes the co-deposition of diamond and cubic polytype β-SiC, deposition of diamond films on β-SiC/Si substrates, and deposition of diamond films on 4H-SiC and 6H-SiC substrates. The implementation methods, research progress, and application trend of each approach are reviewed in detail.
Enhanced contact properties of MoTe2-FET via laser-induced heavy doping
Authors: Xie Tianshun , Fukuda Kazuki , Ke Mengnan , Krüger Peter , Ueno Keiji , Kim Gil-Ho , Aoki Nobuyuki
Published: November 2022

The doping technique is vital for applying two-dimensional (2D) materials such as transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC)-based field effect transistors (FETs), which can control the channel polarity and improve the performance. However, as conventional doping techniques for silicon-based FET are not suitable for 2D materials, the realization of heavy doping of TMDC materials is challenging, especially for n-type heavy doping. This study reports a simple, regioselective, controllable, and chemically stable heavy doping method for 2H-MoTe2 crystal via high-density laser irradiation. The polarity of the doping can be controlled by changing the irradiation environment. For the MoTe2-nFET, good performance with enhanced contact properties was obtained using the contact doping method via laser irradiation in a vacuum environment.
Uwagi o wydawaniu sądów moralnych przez sędziów społecznych w polskim procesie karnym
Authors: Mazur Paweł
Published: November 2022

The article addresses the issue of the participation of lay judges in passing moral judgements during the stage of adjudication. It attempts to realize the postulate of external integration of jurisprudence by combining the achievements of legal studies and moral philosophy as well as public philosophy in research work. The basic theses of the article are as follows: lay judges-citizens have the moral competence to pass moral judgements during the process of adjudication. There is no reason to consider a professional judge better prepared to pass moral judgements than a lay one. A broadening of the court panels to include citizens can be seen as a remedy for issues such as: conformism, ignorance, intellectual errors in the judicial discourse. Furthermore, citizens are capable of supplementing the judicial process of application of law with Aristotelian category of reasonableness. The article presents also the threats resulting from lay judges’ participation in the process of passing morel assessments in the criminal process.
La ética como un paradigma de la complejidad en la educación, sociedad y ecología cognitiva
Authors: Meza Palma Jorge Rolando , Gramajo González Brenda Amarilis , Recinos Lemus Luis Alexander , Medrano Ramírez Marlon Marcio
Published: November 2022

OBJETIVO: determinar la importancia de la ética como paradigma de la complejidad en la educación, sociedad y ecología cognitiva. MÉTODO: se utilizó metodología descriptiva, por ser la apropiada para describir a la ética como una filosofía, directamente relacionada con las profesiones humanas que se practican y la hermenéutica para la interpretación, desde la postura del paradigma de la complejidad. RESULTADOS: los estudios basados en las ciencias de la complejidad dan como resultado que los pro-blemas de deterioro versus progreso han aumentado y siguen causando impacto en todo sistema vivo. El interés propio, consumista y descontro-lado sobre los recursos del planeta, deviene de una fisura moral ecológi-ca, también llamada “inmediatismo”, la cual está afectando seriamente la sobrevivencia de los seres vivos de este planeta. CONCLUSIÓN: los avan-ces acelerados de la tecnociencia repercuten en la vida cotidiana de las personas, las plantas y animales, por lo que, las ciencias de la compleji-dad muestran los beneficios y peligros asociados a la situación actual que demuestran la necesidad de realizar profundos estudios para mejorar el sistema educativo, con base en la ética que debe prevalecer en todo ám-bito, las nuevas metodologías de enseñanza y aprendizaje también deben de ser transformadas y adaptadas a todo nivel educativo.
Problems and prospects of it in healthcare in Russia: modern realities
Authors: Borisov Ilya V. , Bondar Valeriya A. , Kudinov Dmitriy А. , Nekrasova Iuliia Yu. , Kanarskii Mikhail M. , Pradhan Pranil , Sorokina Viktoriya S. , Redkin Ivan V. , Grechko Andrey V. , Petrova Marina V.
Published: November 2022

Information and communication technologies penetrate into all areas of everyday life of modern society, learning, helping and replacing human labor. Without information technologies, it is already impossible to imagine the field of medical science: at present and in the near future, they will improve the continuity of health monitoring, take over the prediction of the risks of complications, the adjustment of drug therapy during life and many other processes.
The article is devoted to the problems and prospects of information technologies in healthcare in Russia. The general model of information technologies, problems and ways of solving the restrictions from Western campaigns are highlighted. In view of the digitalization of the healthcare system in our country, the article talks about the need to ensure the continuity and independence from external influence of information technology systems in its full cycle: from client terminals, communication systems, to data storage and processing servers.
The most important factor that allows us to speak with confidence about the development of specialized information technologies solutions in the healthcare system of the Russian Federation is an effective state policy in ensuring the digitalization of the economy: national projects, government programs, changes in legislation, roadmaps for achieving key indicators.
SEMANTIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF “TOXICITY”
Authors:   Volgograd State Social and Pedagogical University, Dmitrieva O. A. , Hu Yuping ,   Volgograd State Social and Pedagogical University
Published: November 2022

This article provides a diachronic review of the development of the semantics of the word “toxicity” and its derivatives based on the material of the Chinese and Russian languages. The development of modern society, the change of the communication channel associated with the advent of virtual reality, led to the fact that in both languages in the second half of the twentieth century, the lexeme “toxicity” underwent a conceptual evolution and acquired metaphorical meanings. It is established that in the new metaphorical meaning “toxicity” expresses a negative assessment in Russian, and in Chinese — a meiorative, pejorative and neutral and reflects the conceptual characteristics of the compared languages and cultures.
SEMANTIC FEATURES OF THE CAUSATIVE EMOTIVE “TO INTEREST” (GRADUAL ASPECT)
Authors:   Prince Alexander Nevsky Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Sidorova O. Yu.
Published: November 2022

The semantics of causality has a complex system of means of expression, including shades of condition, purpose, cause, effect, emotional state, concessions. The shade of an indefinite, implicit reason is introduced by a combination with an indefinite pronoun for some reason. The causative emotive “to interest” contains the semantics of the emotional state, which constitutes the lexical meaning; causal semantics, manifested in the sentence. The primary is the semantics of the emotional state, the secondary is the causal meaning, which often manifests itself in the context. It is the ‘emotional state’ component that makes it possible to state the susceptibility to the grading process, that is, to indicate a greater or lesser degree of manifestation of a feature. Thanks to the analysis of examples, it is possible to build gradation scales on which all means are visible (adverbs of measure and degree very, strongly, especially, completely, extremely, terribly; particles not, nor, already), allowing to trace the degree of manifestation of a feature.
FORMATION OF OPTIMAL LEARNING STRATEGIES IN THE TEACHER TRAINING SYSTEM
Authors:   Smolensk State University, Kozlov S. V.
Published: November 2022

The article discusses the organization of teacher training courses in the aspect of the formation of optimal learning strategies. The possibilities of using mathematical modeling methods to formalize the content of teaching, diagnosing educational achievements and interpreting the results obtained are revealed. It is proposed to use as a methodology the mathematical apparatus of graph theory, Galois correspondence, implicative matrices. The use of these tools is presented in the form of software modules of the automated system “Advanced Tester” as an element of the educational platform Moodle.
THE ROLE OF COMMUNICATION IN PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE VETERINARIANS
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine, Korotkova N. L.
Published: November 2022

The article discusses the role of communication skills in the professional activities of a veterinary clinic doctor and the possibility of their development in the process of professional training. The key aspects of communication are distinguished, professional and communicative skills of a veterinary medicine doctor are specified.
CONCEPTUAL SCHEMES OF INTERPRETATION OF VALUE CHOICE
Authors:   ITMO University, Gornova G. V.
Published: November 2022

The article examines the value choice, analyses the social and cultural factors influencing the choice. The purpose of the article is to distinguish the main theoretical provisions of general and particular concepts that interpret values, value orientations of an individual, society and culture, fixing explicit and implicit grounds for value choice, which in general constitutes a conceptual scheme for interpreting value choice in a particular theory. Conceptual schemes make it possible to build explanatory and predictive models for making choices in a stationary and crisis state of society, and to specify them in relation to the trajectories of consumer behaviour.
PREREQUISITES FOR THE FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL AND COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE OF CADETS — FUTURE INTERNAL AFFAIRS OFFICERS
Authors:   Mogilev Institute оf the Ministry of the Interior of Russia of the Republic of Belarus, Ryabtseva L. A.
Published: November 2022

The article reveals the conceptual-normative and theoretical-methodological prerequisites for the formation of professional and communicative competence of cadets — future employees of the internal affairs bodies. Their establishment and disclosure makes it possible to present the essential characteristics of professional and communicative competence in the context of the subject-role professional activity of an internal affairs officer.
PROTEST AS A FORM OF CREATING A NEW NORM
Authors:   Omsk State Pedagogical University, Fedorova N. V.
Published: November 2022

The article deals with one of the positive functions of protest: the formation of a new norm. The change of ideas about the norm and the abnormal in the history of philosophy is shown. Doubt, skepticism, denial both in cognition and in the practices of philosophers’ life experience become instruments of paradigm change of the norm and the abnormal.
ON THE MACHINE ASPECT OF THE WORLD RELATION: FORMATION AND TRANSFORMATION
Authors:   Omsk State Pedagogical University, Fedyaev D. M. , Fedyaeva N. D. ,   Omsk State Pedagogical University
Published: November 2022

It is shown that the machine and machineness are the quintessence of technology — the means of human activity. The author’s version of the general principle of machineness, the logic of machine evolution is presented. The pre-industrial era is characterized by the emergence of individual elements of machineness in the organization of living labour. In the industrial era, the reification of machineness took place — the creation of a system of machines as means of labour. The post-industrial era is characterized by the expansion of machinery beyond the limits of material production.
PRECEDENT NAME IN NEWSPAPER DISCOURSE
Authors:   Omsk State Pedagogical University, Astafeva I. A.
Published: November 2022

The article presents the results of observations on the functioning of precedent names in modern newspaper discourse. The language game manifesting itself in various methods of using precedent names is a stylistic means of enhancing the expressiveness of the text.
VALUE DIMENSION OF FAMILY LEGAL RELATIONS
Authors:   Omsk State Pedagogical University, Bezvikonnaya E. V.
Published: November 2022

The article substantiates the author’s approach to the basic values of the branch of family law on the basis of philosophical and legal research. The normative consolidation and application of moral and legal ideas of justice, freedom of labour and humanism in the sphere of family relations is investigated. The author’s definitions of values are formulated. A number of norms of the current family legislation have been identified that conflict with universal values and at the same time legal ideas of justice, humanism and freedom.
EFEKTIVITAS CENDAWAN MIKORIZA ARBUSKULAR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays) DALAM MEDIA TANAH TERCEMAR HIDROKARBON
Authors: Elhany Nurul Avidhah , Hapsari Rini , Husnudin Uni Baroroh , Ratnasari Desy
Published: November 2022

Jagung (Zea mays) adalah salah satu tanaman yang mudah berkolonisasi dengan Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskular (CMA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi CMA, konsentrasi minyak dan kombinasi antara konsentrasi CMA dan konsentrasi minyak dalam melakukan pertumbuhan tanaman jagung (Zea mays). Pada penelitian ini digunakan uji statististik dengan rancangan penelitian faktorial terdiri dari dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah 5 konsentrasi CMA yaitu 0 g, 5 g, 20 g, 35 g, 50 g dan faktor kedua adalah 4 konsentrasi minyak yaitu 0 mg, 2500 mg, 5000 mg, 10000 mg. Masing-masing polybag yang diberi perlakuan penambahan CMA dan minyak juga diberi tanah dan kompos dengan perbandingan (1:1). Crude oil diambil dari lokasi pengeboran minyak di Kec.Wonocolo, Kab.Bojonegoro, Jawa Timur. Parameter pertumbuhan tanaman jagung di ukur 35 hari setelah tanam.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi CMA, konsentrasi minyak, kombinasi antara konsentrasi CMA dan konsentrasi minyak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman jagung (Zea mays). Konsentrasi CMA terbaik dalam pertumbuhan tanaman jagung adalah konsentrasi CMA 50 g dengan parameter tinggi tanaman sebesar 145 cm dan panjang akar sebesar 22 cm.
Vertigo or dizziness as the first presentation of epilepsy: A case report
Authors: Wu Ning , Zhang Xiaojun , Wang Yanqiang
Published: November 2022

Vertigo or dizziness is a common neurological symptom, but it is rarely regarded as the first presenting symptom of epilepsy. Patients who present with vertigo as the first symptom of epilepsy may be misdiagnosed or missed diagnose. We report a case presenting with vertigo or dizziness as the first manifestation of epilepsy and review relevant literature. A 71-year-old female patient sought medical attention in view of paroxysmal dizziness for a year that progressively worsened over the course of 1 week. Initially, her dizziness occurred 2 or 3 times a month, lasting for less than a minute each time. However, her attacks became more frequent and severe over the course of 1 week. Twenty-four-hour electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring showed spike-and-slow-wave complex discharges at both sphenoidal electrodes, with the left being more prominent. The patient was treated with oral valproic acid. After a 9-month follow-up, the frequency of dizziness was markedly reduced. Although the pathogenesis of epileptic vertigo remains ambiguous, the current literature indicates that vestibular cortical neurons may be closely associated with periodic abnormal discharge of the brain lobe. Based on comprehensive medical history and EEG results, we should exercise caution when diagnosing this kind of epilepsy.
Effect of Online English Learning Game ‘Kahoot’ on L2 Undergraduate Learners in a Malaysian University
Authors: Aidoune Yasmina , Nordin Nur Rasyidah Mohd , Singh Manvender Kaur A/P Sarjit
Published: November 2022

Gaming, in conjunction with innovative education, is gaining traction as a means of motivating and involving learners in their intercultural learning process. Vast research supports the relationship between learning games and increased motivation and connection. Learning games are a promising technique for aiding the acquisition of a language. This study was planned as a descriptive qualitative study, with data collected through brief questions on using the Kahoot online programme in English schools. This study aims to examine learners' interests and enhance the dynamic behaviour of the classes by integrating Kahoot in the English classroom to enhance activities connected to vocabulary identification. The study used phenomenological investigations using a sample of 31 University Utara Malaysia students. It collected data on the learners' impressions using an open-ended questionnaire. The data from the surveys were evaluated qualitatively through interviews. The findings indicated that Kahoot might boost student learning accomplishments, demonstrating a considerable rise in English learning in terms of worth. As a result, it is concluded that it is beneficial for learners in terms of assisting them in learning English.
The Translation of Selected Cultural Items in Al-Nawawi’s Forty Hadiths: A Descriptive and Analytical Study
Authors: Zitouni Mimouna , Alzahrani Ahad , Kous Nouf Al , Almutlaq Sultana , Abdul-Ghafour Abdul-Qader , Zemni Bahia
Published: November 2022

Cultural words usually pose some challenges to translators, especially when they translate texts into languages which are culturally different. This study investigates the translation of cultural items in The Forty Hadiths by Imam Al-Nawawi. It adopted the qualitative approach for selecting and analyzing the translation of culturally-bound items of the selected Prophet Mohammed’s hadiths posted on the Web by Sunnah.com. Moreover, it used Lambert and Van Gorp’s (1985) method to examine the translations and Vinay and Darbelnet's translation strategies to identify the procedures selected by the translators to convey the meanings of the cultural contents. The findings indicated that the translators implemented various procedures to convey the cultural meanings of the hadiths. However, whenever confronted with difficult categories, due to the lexical, syntactic and cultural differences between Arabic and English, they were inconsistent in their choices of translation procedures. Furthermore, they did not succeed in rendering the aesthetic features of the Prophet’s utterances, an issue that is yet to be addressed by researchers. The present study provides implications which could be useful for translators, especially translators of religious texts.
Delivering A Good Speech by Identifying the Interpersonal Meaning Found in Joe Biden’s Victory Speech: A Case on Systemic Functional Linguistics
Authors: Herman Herman , Saputra Nanda , Ngongo Magdalena , Fatmawati Endang
Published: November 2022

This research aims to classify the interpersonal meaning in Joe Biden’s victory speech. It is an interesting phenomenon because by revealing the interpersonal meaning, people can be assisted to be successful in communication. The researchers used a qualitative research design to answer the research question and chose content analysis since the results of data analysis were in descriptive phenomena, such as words, clauses, and utterances. The research findings showed that mood elements: found 174 subjects and 176 finites. Meanwhile, residue elements found 120 predicators, 133 complements, 9 mood adjuncts, 71 circumstantial adjuncts, 2 comment adjuncts, and 54 conjunctive adjuncts. In addition, the speech function identified 162 Statements, 4 Questions, and 11 Commands. Thus, it is concluded that Joe Biden tended to use finites, in contrast with comment adjuncts, and Statements, in contrast with questions (only 4 questions were found in his speech). This study also showed that the speaker was greatly assisted by using interpersonal meaning to make a good speech.