bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health Inequalities: A Socio-Economic Approach
Authors: Chubarova Tatyana
Published: November 2024

The article examines the socio-economic approach to understanding inequality in health status, based on the idea of health factors, which are understood as living conditions that affect people’s health. Based on the analysis of Russian and foreign studies, the author identifies the key characteristics of inequality in health status observed in countries with different levels of development, from the point of view of socio-economic factors, and identifies the main trends in its manifestation in the social context. One of the most important criteria for public perception of inequality in health is the definition of justice, which from the point of view of economic science is inextricably linked with such concepts as efficiency and redistribution. The article emphasizes the importance of understanding the socio-economic causes of inequality in health, as this determines the possibilities of overcoming it with the help of public policy measures aimed at improving the well-being of citizens.
A Fair Social State as a Value and as a Reality for Russian Citizens (Part 1. Social State)
Authors: Rimskiy Vladimir
Published: November 2024

The study was conducted in order to identify the ideas and opinions of Russian citizens about a fair social state and their priorities in the activities of this type of state. The field part of the study included online focus groups and an online mass questionnaire survey of citizens on an effective sample of 1003 respondents from residents of Russian cities with a population of over 100,000 people from all federal districts. For Russian citizens, the rule of law and the social state are unconditional values, according to their ideas; the Russian state cannot be different. But according to the estimates of the study participants’ majority the Russian state should still develop in the direction of the social, having solved many problems. Among such problems, the study participants pointed out the need to increase the level of pensions, benefits and other social payments, reduce the level of inequality in the well-being of different social groups, reduce poverty, overcome bureaucracy and corruption, and others. They also noted the need to improve the state interaction with citizens so that the state listens to its citizens and does what they need. At the same time, different generations of Russian citizens have different priorities in the development of the social state. Thus, representatives of the older, Soviet generation saw the Soviet state as an example of a social state, but, like other generations, without equality of welfare for all citizens, but ensuring their well-being according to merit. It seems obvious to Russian citizens that the state must be fair. But a mass questionnaire survey showed a significant discrepancy between respondents' assessments of the principles of fairness desired and actually applied by the state for several model situations. Correlation analysis based on the same data showed very weak statistical links between respondents' assessments of their expectations and reality in the application by the state of all the principles of fairness included in the study, without any exception. Under such conditions, it is almost impossible for both citizens and public authorities, based on the well-known expectations of citizens, to predict how the state should apply the principles of fairness so that they meet the expectations of citizens. If we add to this that support for the principles of fairness varies between generations and other social groups, then it is necessary to recognize this set of problems as very complex and, at the same time, necessary to solve in order to ensure fairness by the Russian state.
The Effect of Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) Leaf Extract on Malondialdehyde Levels in Diabetic Rats Model
Authors: . Indah , Rita Rauza Sukma , Aliska Gestina
Published: November 2024

The chronic illness known as diabetes mellitus is typified by elevated blood glucose levels brought on by an insulin shortage, or hyperglycemia. Oxidative stress is caused by hyperglycemia, which also deactivates the antioxidant system and causes reactive oxygen species (ROS) to build up. Lipid peroxidation is brought on by this stress, and malondialdehyde (MDA) is one of the by-products. This study used a diabetic rat model to examine how sungkai leaf extract affected MDA levels. This study used 30 rats in six groups: negative control (NC), positive control (PC) with alloxan induction, diabetes control (DC) with glibenclamide, and administration of sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) leaf extract T1 (Dose 150 mg/kgBW), T2 (Dose 300 mg/kgBW), and T3 (Dose 600 mg/kgBW) for 30 days. The study was experimental and used a post-test-only control group design. The TBARS method was used to measure MDA levels. The One-way ANOVA test and the Bonferroni Post Hoc test were used to evaluate the data. According to the findings, MDA levels were considerably lowered by the sungkai leaf extract. It can be concluded that sungkai leaf extract lowers MDA levels in a model of diabetic rats.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Hyperglycemia, Malondialdehyde, Peronema canescens Jack.
Arduino-Based Automatic School Bell System:
A Simple and Cost-Effective Solution
Authors: Subedi Siddhartha , Chalise Ajay Raj
Published: November 2024

In schools, the bell plays a crucial role in maintaining the schedule. Ringing the bell manually is often ineffective due to issues with accuracy. Therefore, an automatic school bell system is needed to save the workforce and ensure precision. This project utilizes an Arduino UNO microcontroller to read the time from a Real-time clock (RTC DS3231) and display it on a 16 × 2 LCD display. At specific times, the Arduino activates a 5-volt relay for a predetermined duration to ring the electric bell. An alternative switch for the electric bell is included for use during examinations and emergencies. The bell is powered by direct AC and controlled by the relay module. The Arduino UNO is powered using a 5-volt output mobile charging adapter. Thus, the Arduino-based automatic school bell system is easy to design, develop, cost-effective, and operates at predefined times.

Keywords: Automatic School Bell System, Arduino UNO, Accuracy, DS3231, LCD, Relay.
Analysis of the Forward and Backward Linkages of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Sectors in Central Java Province
Authors: Kurniawan Wahyu Arie , Marwanti Sri , Rahayu Wiwit
Published: November 2024

This study aims to analyze the linkages forward and backward sectors of Agriculture, Forestry and fisheries in the economic development of Central Java province. This study uses data Input Output table of Central Java in 2016. The method of data analysis used in this study is Input-Output Analysis. The results showed that the subsector in the Agriculture, Forestry and fisheries sector that has the highest value of direct and indirect backward linkage is the livestock subsector. This means that the livestock subsector means that each increase in final demand in the livestock subsector by 1 unit will increase the output of other economic sectors that are used directly or indirectly as inputs to the livestock subsector by 1.5330 units. On the other hand, the value of direct and indirect future linkages in the agricultural, forestry and fisheries sectors is the highest, namely the food crop subsector with a value of 1.3903. This means that every increase in output in all sectors of the economy by 1 unit will increase the output of the food crop subsector by 1.3903 which is used directly as input for all sectors of the economy.

Keywords: Backward Linkage, Forward Linkage, Economic Development, Agriculture, Forestry And Fisheries Sectors
Analyses of Self-Medication After COVID-19: Prevalence of Risky Practice and Its Associated Factors in Pharmacy Outlets
Authors: Hugara Sharvani , R Shashank , Hemanth S
Published: November 2024

Self-medication is use of medication to treat symptoms or continue use of prescribed medication for chronic disease or recurrent disease. self-medication increased since covid 19. especially antibiotics this cause significant medication related problems to the population. study conducted in 20- 25 selected pharmacy outlets. Study performed by using a questionnaire. Since the study is in a community with pharmacy outlets. In our study, A total of 1013 members were surveyed during the process where in ,1008 of them were found to be practicing self-medication{99.5%}, And 129 subjects practicing self-Medication were suffering from asthma {12.7%}, And 201 people taking antibiotics as Self-medication without knowing what they are consuming {19.8%},166 people taking antibiotics as Self Medication knowing what they are consuming {16.3%},397 people have had experienced ADR’S by taking Self Medication{39%},617 people were taking Self Medication along for COVID 19 like symptoms{61%},and 390 people taking antifungals as a self-medication {38.4%}. The study identifies the majority of its respondents to be taking self-medication. Stringent implementation of law and increasing community awareness regarding the respiratory ill effects of self-medication is therefore necessary. It is a significant health issue especially after the pandemic times, with high consumption reported as a prevention or treating symptoms of COVID-19. Pharmacies were the most general source of knowledge for medication use. However, our role to educate public regarding drugs and drugs related problems (ADR, side effects,) by usage of OTC along with self-medication.

Keywords: COVID-19, SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome), Self-medication, OTC (over the counter). ADR (adverse Drug reactions).
Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treatment Using Activated Carbon in a Fixed-Bed Column
Authors: Almageed Ali Mohammed Mohammed Abd , A.I. Hamed Tomadir
Published: November 2024

Though beneficial for health, pharmaceuticals have emerged as persistent environmental contaminants over recent decades. Discharges from wastewater treatment plants are a primary source of these pharmaceuticals in natural water bodies, as conventional treatment methods often fail to remove them effectively. Fixed-bed columns with GRANULATED ACTIVATED CARBON (GAC) are widely used in water treatment facilities to eliminate organic micropollutants; however, their efficiency in systematically removing pharmaceutical waste from wastewater still needs to be explored. This study evaluates the performance of a GAC fixed-bed adsorption column for removing ibuprofen, paracetamol, and ciprofloxacin from wastewater, focusing on contact time as a critical parameter.
Key Findings: Initial concentrations of ibuprofen, paracetamol, and ciprofloxacin in the wastewater were 0.068 mg/L, 0.08486 mg/L, and 0.068 mg/L, respectively. After 45 minutes, the column achieved removal efficiencies of 100% for ibuprofen, 92.8% for paracetamol, and 67.6% for ciprofloxacin, with no significant changes in concentrations observed at 90 minutes. These results suggest that GAC fixed-bed adsorption columns can rapidly and effectively reduce pharmaceutical concentrations in wastewater, with ibuprofen showing complete removal in under an hour.
This study contributes to understanding GAC’s effectiveness in treating pharmaceutical wastewater. It highlights the potential of optimised contact time for efficient removal, underscoring its viability as an industrial treatment option.

Keywords: Pharmaceutical wastewater; emerging contaminants, adsorption
The Bioaccumulation and Risk Assessment of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Aquatic Resources from K- Dere Shoreline, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: L. P. Karikpo, , I. K. E. Ekweozor, , E. R. Daka, , N. Boisa,
Published: November 2024

This research was designed to study the levels of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) in aquatic resources (Crab (Goniopsis cruentata), surface water and sediment) from K-Dere shoreline. Samples of sediment were collected intertidally. All samples were collected from six sampling stations, bi-monthly for a period of one year. Collected samples were transported to the laboratory for chemical analysis. Gas Chromatography was used to analyse total petroleum hydrocarbon concentration in samples and data obtained were statistically analysed at p>0.05 using SPSS version 23. The mean concentration results obtained in surface water, sediment and biota across the stations were as follows; (590.75, 623.50, 451.17, 544.42, 674.67, 536.50mg/l) (8152.17, 6146.92, 44200.00, 4860.33, 2069.67and 5089.25mg/kg) and (131.5, 80.17,144.08, 109.08, 82.50, respectively. The mean concentration of TPH in sediment at station 1, 2 and 5 were above the intervention and permissible limit by the former DPR (2022). The ecological risk assessment was expressed in terms Bio-sediment Accumulation Factor (BSAF) and Pollution Index (PI) was calculated for the aquatic resources. PI showed that most chemical compounds of TPH were higher than 1, indicating high pollution from anthropogenic sources. The health risk assessment was expressed in terms of Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) and Health Risk Index (HRI) indicating significant health risk, posing threat to human health of the locals. Further and histopathological studies should be carried out to determine the impact of TPH on biota. Shoreline Clean up should be implemented with post clean-up assessment.
Dividend Policy and Value of the Firm: A Qualitative Approach
Authors: A. A. Isibor, , O. O. Akinrinola, , O. K. Adesina,
Published: November 2024

This comprehensive review examines the relationship between dividend policy and the value of the firm, with a focus on the signalling theory, agency theory, and dividend irrelevance theory. We analyze the various factors that influence the optimal dividend policy, including growth opportunities, profitability, capital structure, and investor preferences. Our review of the empirical evidence reveals that dividend policy can have a significant impact on firm value, with dividend-paying firms tend to have higher market values and lower volatility. However, the relationship between dividend policy and firm value is complex and depends on various factors. We discuss the implications of our findings for investors, managers, and policymakers, highlighting the importance of considering the firm's specific characteristics and market conditions when making decisions related to dividend policy.
The Influence of Principal’s Leadership and Quality of Educational Services on Students Parents’ Satisfaction
Authors: Anggraini Titin , Putra Alhadi Yan , Fahmi Muhammad
Published: November 2024

This study aims to determine the influence of the principal’s leadership and the quality of educational services on the satisfaction of parents and students at TK IT Abatatsa Lahat Selatan. This type of research is quantitative research with a research design using an ex post facto research design. The sample in this study was 99 parents of TK IT Abatatsa Lahat Selatan students. Data collection techniques using questionnaires. Data analysis techniques use quantitative descriptive analysis techniques and multiple regression. The results of this research state that 1) there is an influence that the principal’s leadership has on the satisfaction of parents of TK IT Abatatsa Lahat Selatan students; 2) there is a significant influence on the quality of educational services on the satisfaction of parents of TK IT Abatatsa Lahat Selatan students; 3) there is a significant joint influence of the principal’s leadership and the quality of educational services on the satisfaction of parents of TK IT Abatatsa Lahat Selatan students.
The Assessment of the Ecological State of Leachate from the Largest landfill of Georgia and Its Impact on Climate Change
Authors: Dzebisashvili Natela , Ghosh Sadhan K. , Dughashvili Darejan
Published: November 2024

Over the past decade the municipal solid waste management status in Georgia remained at the stage of mixed waste collection and disposal in landfills having negative impacts on entire ecosystem. It results the formation of large amounts of leachate, methane gas, potential resource depletion
and is potential to health hazards. Landfill leads to groundwater contamination, soil & land pollution, harm to animals exposing to harmful materials & foods. Landfills are vulnerable to accidental fires due to the methane produced by decomposing organic waste, financial costs that
can be expensive for municipalities or city councils and taxpayers. The aim of this study is to assess the adversee impact of leachate management technology on water resources, as well as on climate change. For utilisation of leachate in this research, the technology of distributing the collected
leachate over the surface of the landfill is used. The main objectives include, the study of physical-chemical and microbiological parameters of leachate and the calculation of GHG (methane) emissions from sedimentation systems/tanks/reservoirs of leachate. Physical-chemical and microbiological
analysis of leachate water indicates that the concentrations of organic, biogenic and microbiological parameters in research samples exceed limits of discharge by ten times. In this study, for the first time an index of water pollution and greenhouse gas emissions was calculated for leachate
of the biggest landfill in Georgia. Leachates belong to class VII according to water pollution index. Emission of methane from leachate for 2024-year estimated as 5% additionally to total methane emissions from the studied landfill.
Analysis of the biodrying and biostabilization efficiency of a continuous flow full-scale facility
Authors: Di Maria Francesco , Ghosh Sadhan Kumr
Published: November 2024

The technological solution adopted for aerobic treatment of Waste Organic Fraction (WOF) can influence the evolution of the physical parameters of the process making the facility acting as a biostabilization or a biodrying system. In the present study, the continuous flow biological
section of the full-scale mechanical biological treatment plant was experimentally investigated by means of evolution, during treatment period (day), of temperature (T) (° C), volatile solids (VS) (%TS) and oxygen uptake of the WOF under treatment. Oxygen uptake was measured by the Dynamic
Respirometer Index Potential (DRIP) (mgO2/kgVSh). Main findings were that T (° C) and VS %TS remained quite constant among inlets and outlets of the biological treatment sections, about 70° C and 50 (%TS), respectively. DRIP (mgO2/kgVSh) values measured by several samples withdrawn
along the basin width increased significantly in the first half portion of the basin of the aerobic section, remaining quite constant in the second half. This was mainly caused by the strong moisture reduction that rapidly achieved values lower than 40% causing inhibition to microbial activity.
The simulation model developed in this work showed that the mean retention time (day) of the WOF inside the aerobic basin was about 14-16 days, this parameter being strongly influenced by the WOF inlet rate (tonnes/day). Finally, experimental evidence pointed out that the reduction of WOF
DRIP (mgO2/kgVSh) stopped after the first days of treatment indicating that the facility operates mainly as biodrying system. Based on simulations, biostabilization can also be pursued by maintaining the moisture of WOF to proper values not lower than 40 (% w/w).
An Analysis of Customer Misbehaviour in Retail Sector in India
Authors: Aditya Sewal, Mani Shreshtha
Published: November 2024

Consumer Misbehaviour has become more common nowadays in the case of the services industry. The threats of the job of being a call centre executive or verbal by customers on employees in services or deviant consumer behavior such as shoplifting by customers in retail outlets are widely known but also largely unreported. The existing research investigates customer behaviors mainly from the perspective of positive engagement satisfaction, loyalty, and purchase behavior while neglecting disruptive effects due to customer interactions. This study explores the patterns, causes, and impacts of customer misbehavior in retail settings across India, with a focus on primary interactions between frontline employees, store managers, and customers. In this survey author used a mixed-methods approach, the research incorporates surveys of 335 respondents, including retail staff and consumers, alongside interviews, case studies, and direct observations. The study identifies several types of customers misbehavior ranging from verbal abuse to fraudulent activities and examines their primary causes, such as dissatisfaction with services, cultural attitudes, and increasing consumer demands by using the ANOVA single-factor test. In India's retail sector, customer misbehavior causes operational disruptions, impacts employee morale, and leads to financial losses.
MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATÜRK'ÜN LİDERLİK VİZYONUYLA TÜRKİYE’DE EĞİTİM DEVRİMİ: 1. MAARİF KONGRESİ
Authors: Çolak Seydanur
Published: November 2024

Türkiye'nin eğitim tarihinde dönüm noktalarından biri olan 1. Maarif Kongresi, Cumhuriyet'in ilk yıllarında ülkenin eğitim politikalarını şekillendirmede merkezi bir rol oynamıştır. Kongrede alınan kararlar, eğitimde milli bir yaklaşımın benimsenmesi, laik bir eğitim sisteminin kurulması ve eğitimde fırsat eşitliğinin sağlanması gibi temel unsurları içermektedir. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk’ün liderliğinde gerçekleşen Maarif Kongresi, Türkiye’nin modernleşme sürecinde eğitimin önemini vurgulamış ve eğitimde radikal değişimlerin başlangıcını işaret etmiştir. Kongrede Türkiye’nin eğitim sisteminin milli ve bilimsel temellere dayandırılması hedeflenmiş, bu doğrultuda yeni öğretim programları ve ders kitapları geliştirilmiştir. Ayrıca eğitimde fırsat eşitliği sağlanarak ilköğretimin ücretsiz ve zorunlu hale getirilmesi kararlaştırılmıştır. Kız çocuklarının eğitimine özel önem verilmiş ve cinsiyet ayrımı yapılmaksızın herkesin nitelikli eğitim alması hedeflenmiştir. Kongrede ayrıca öğretmen yetiştirme programlarına ağırlık verilerek öğretmenlerin mesleki gelişimlerinin desteklenmesi sağlanmıştır. Bu kongre Türkiye'nin eğitim alanında çağdaş bir yapıya kavuşmasını öncülük etmiş ve eğitimin ulusal kalkınma ve ulusal kimlik oluşturma sürecindeki rolünü vurgulamış, ayrıca eğitim liderliğine öncülük yapacak bir bakış açısı getirmiştir. Atatürk'ün eğitimdeki liderliği ülkenin modernleşme sürecinde eğitimin temel bir unsur olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Maarif Kongresinin kararlarının, eğitim sistemine olan etkilerinin, ulusal kimliği pekiştirme ülkenin sos-ekonomik dönüşümüne olan katkılar açısından önemli olduğu söylenebilir. Bu nedenle 1. Maarif Kongresi Türk eğitim tarihinde dönüm noktalarından biri olarak kabul edilir ve ülkenin eğitim politikalarının şekillenmesinde önemli bir role sahiptir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Atatürk’ün liderlik ettiği bu önemli dönemde eğitim politikalarının nasıl şekillendiğini, vizyoner liderlik üzerindeki etkisini, kongrede alınan kararların uzun vadeli etkilerini ve bu kararların günümüz Türkiye’sinin eğitim anlayışı ve toplumsal yapısı üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektedir.
Production and purification of protease produced by UV-mutated Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Hussein Hussein A. , Saleh Bushra H. , Zbar Nedhaal S.
Published: November 2024

Background: The enzyme protease accounts for approximately two-thirds to one-third of all enzymes used in different industries. Protease is produced in large quantities as a crude enzyme for food industries.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of UV radiation on the protease produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Methods: Of a total of 149 samples collected from various clinical cases (wounds, burns, otitis media, and urinary tract infections) in four hospitals in Baghdad for the isolation of P. aeruginosa, 90 isolates were identified as belonging to P. aeruginosa after isolation on a specific selective media, and the Vitek 2 system was later used for final identification. Thirty-six P. aeruginosa isolates were screened for protease production on a skim milk medium.

Results: This study found that most of the P. aeruginosa isolates were protease producers and the isolate p3 was the best, which had a hydrolysis zone of up to 29 mm and their specific activity was 0.134 units (U)/mg protein in the culture filtrate. Therefore, this isolate was selected to study the effect of UV light on the production of the protease enzyme. The results showed that protease was produced at high levels from mutant p3 isolates after exposure to UV irradiation for different durations (15, 25, 35, 45, 55, 65, 75, 85, and 95 seconds). The specific activity of the enzyme in a crude filtrate was 0.65 U/mg protein compared with the wild type (0.134 U/mg protein). Protease produced from the mutated isolate p3 was later purified in three purification steps: first, its precipitate with 70% ammonium sulfate, second through a DEAE-cellulose column, the specific activity of which reached 7 U/mg protein, and in the final step through a Sephadex G-200 column. The purified enzyme protease had a specific activity that gradually increased to 10.5 U/mg with an 18.23-fold purification and 84.1% enzyme recovery.

Conclusion: UV radiation was an efficient method to induce the production of protease enzymes.
Experiment of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in Al-Imamein Al-Kadhimein Medical City
Authors: Khiro Nawfal K. , Hamdawi Mohammed A. , Joda Abdul-Rahman I. , Nile Anees K. , Wahhab Rawa'a A. Sattar A.
Published: November 2024

Background: Obesity is a multifactorial metabolic disorder characterized by the accumulation of excess energy in adipose tissue. The risk of this disorder lies in genetic problems, intake problems, psychological disorders, lack of exercise, eating habits, and medical conditions. Weight loss attempts involving dietary changes, behavioral modifications, and exercise have been of limited benefit to most affected individuals. Weight loss operations have obviously evolved in recent years. The most commonly used and best-studied procedure is laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess certain points of LSG (benefits and complications for patients with morbid obesity) performed in Al-Imamein Al-Kadhimein Medical City.

Patients and Methods: Data were collected in a prospective cohort study in Al-Imamein Al-Kadhimein Medical City between January 2021 and December 2022. LSG was performed for 40 patients for the treatment of obesity and included the following demographic data: body mass index (BMI, weight in kilograms divided by height in square meters (kg/m2)), hip circumference, waist circumference, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, HbA1c%, and fasting blood sugar, presence of comorbidity (e.g. diabetes and hypertension), and complications following surgery. All patients were followed 3 months and 9 months postoperatively.

Results: A total of 40 obese patients underwent bariatric surgery (laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy), there were 65% female and 35% male, their mean age was 34.30 ± 5.31 years (range:23-45 years), the mean weight of patients was 146.70 ± 21.92 kg (115- 200 kg), the mean BMI was 51.45 ± 5.65 kg/m2 (37.5-63.8 kg/m2). Excess weight loss was 69% after 9 months. The improvement in comorbid diseases was significant.

Conclusion: LSG is a useful procedure for the surgical management of morbid obesity. Most people who underwent these operations experienced a reduction in complications of obesity, such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
Principales cirugías urgentes y electivas en ganado lechero y cómo resolverlas
Authors: Sánchez Nodarse Raúl Alberto
Published: November 2024

En la cirugía veterinaria, los errores generalmente provienen de decisiones incorrectas más que de la falta de habilidad manual, destacando la necesidad de un enfoque metodológico cognitivo para resolver este problema. Se presenta una guía práctica sobre técnicas quirúrgicas en bovinos, especialmente en cirugía de tejidos blandos en condiciones de campo. La revisión aborda la importancia de intervenciones quirúrgicas que preservan la salud y el bienestar de las vacas lecheras, cruciales para la sostenibilidad económica ganadera. A través de una revisión narrativa exhaustiva, se describen algunas patologías quirúrgicas urgentes y electivas con enfoque metodológico, destacando la importancia del diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno para evitar complicaciones. El objetivo es proporcionar a los profesionales una guía concisa y eficiente para manejar estas cirugías de manera efectiva.
Efecto del uso de los probióticos en la microbiota ruminal y salud general de vacas lecheras
Authors: Loja Pacho Jaime Santiago , Ortuño B Carlos L. , Carrillo A Isarel S. , Miranda José E.
Published: November 2024

Este estudio evaluó el impacto de incluir probióticos en la dieta de vacas Holstein Friesian durante el posparto, analizando sus efectos en los parámetros zooproductivos y de salud. Se emplearon 18 vacas distribuidas en tres grupos: grupo control (dieta basal sin aditivo microbiano); T1 (dieta basal + 50 mL de bioaditivo fermentado con una mezcla de Lactobacillus acidófilo (7.2x10^5 UFC/mL) y Lactobacillus bulgariccus (7.3x10^6 UFC/mL)), T2 (dieta basal + 50 mL de bioaditivo fermentado con una mezcla de Kluyveromyces fragilis (7.4x10^6 UFC/mL) y Saccharomyces cerevisiae (7.2x10^7 UFC/mL)). Se realizaron extracciones de líquido ruminal y análisis de sangre cada 15 días durante 75 días. Se midieron el pH, la actividad microbiana y diversos parámetros hematológicos. Las vacas tratadas con bioaditivos (T1 y T2) presentaron un pH ruminal significativamente más alto y mejor actividad microbiana en comparación con el grupo control (p<0.05). También se observaron incrementos significativos en el hematocrito y el recuento de glóbulos blancos en los grupos tratados. La inclusión de probióticos en la dieta de vacas lecheras durante el posparto contribuyó positivamente a la salud animal y a la producción, promoviendo un equilibrio microbiano favorable y reduciendo la necesidad de antibióticos.
Valor nutritivo y empleo de proteasas exógenas en ensilados de brócoli
Authors: Haro Andres , Ramónez Juan C. , Andrade Omar Santiago , Taboada Juan , Abril Vintimilla Nube M. , Rodríguez Saldaña Diego , Andrade Rojas María José , Vintimilla Rojas Andrea E.
Published: November 2024

La Brassica oleracea var. itálica tiene concentraciones nutricionales promedio de 20, 22, 13 y 5 %, de proteínas, fibra neutro detergente, fibra ácido detergente y grasas, respectivamente, la verdura ha considerada ideal para la incorporación en la alimentación del ganado bovino. En el Ecuador, la producción de brócoli por año es de 3,8 mil Tm, no obstante, después de la selección o antes del mercadeo de la verdura, se genera una gran cantidad de materia prima que no cumple con los estándares de comercialización adecuados, generando hasta 990 Tm de residuos que al ser eliminados se descomponen y fermentan produciendo dióxido de carbono y metano. Por ello, utilizar y conservar residuos de brócoli es el objetivo de este trabajo, mediante la conservación de los residuos por métodos de ensilaje tipo silo y con inclusión de un aditivo exógeno que mejore el valor nutritivo del material ensilado, acelerando los procesos de fermentación y aumentando la degradabilidad de los carbohidratos estructurales en un corto período de fermentación.
Caracterización de ganaderías lecheras con sistema de pastoreo al sogueo en la sierra sur del Ecuador
Authors: Castro Gonzalo , Castro Graciela A. , Maza Diego V. , Perea Fernando P.
Published: November 2024

El pastoreo al sogueo es común en la sierra sur de Ecuador, pero hay poca información al respecto. Este estudio describió las características de las ganaderías lecheras que utilizan este sistema en el cantón Biblián, Cañar. Se encuestaron 99 fincas en cinco parroquias, con un tamaño promedio de 4,27 ha y una carga animal de 2,73 UBA/ha. Las sogas variaron de 2,4 a 3,6 metros, y casi el 70% de las fincas utilizaban tres movimientos de estacas al día. En el 92,8% de las fincas se realizaban dos ordeños diarios, con un 95,9% de ordeño manual y el 57,6% con ternero al pie. Promediaron 12 ± 8 bovinos por finca, distribuidos en vacas en producción (46,2%), terneras(os) (14,3%), vacas secas (11%), vaquillas preñadas (10,9%), vaquillas de 6 a 12 meses (6,9%), de 3 a 6 meses (6,4%) y toros (4,2%). Los animales mestizos lecheros predominaban (50,04%), seguidos por los Holstein (40,35%). Las especies forrajeras principales fueron Lolium perenne (41%), Pennisetum clandestinum (33%), Trifolium repens (16%), Plantago major (7%), Avena sativa y Hordeum vulgare (1%). El sistema se caracteriza por su uso en fincas pequeñas con carga animal moderada y ordeño manual. La predominancia de animales mestizos lecheros y especies forrajeras específicas refleja las adaptaciones locales a las condiciones de producción.
Contaminación bacteriana de frascos de Propofol en tres momentos post apertura
Authors: Márquez Joseline A. , Ortiz Christian I. , Solano León Katherine , Abril Marcela E.
Published: November 2024

Este estudio evaluó la contaminación microbiana en frascos de Propofol al 1%. Los resultados mostraron que los frascos a temperatura ambiente presentaron mayor crecimiento bacteriano y resistencia a diversos antibióticos, en comparación con los refrigerados. El estudio se realizó en la clínica veterinaria de la Universidad de Cuenca. Un grupo de frascos se almacenaron a temperatura ambiente y otro en refrigeración. El primer lugar de toma de muestra fue el tapón de caucho mediante un hisopado con solución salina (0,9 %), los hisopos se guardaron en en medio de transporte Stuart. El segundo lugar fue del contenido del frasco; para ello, se aspiró 0,1 ml con una jeringuilla de 1 ml, el contenido se colocó en tubos sin aditivos. La recolección de muestras se realizó en 3 tiempos diferentes (días 0, 7 y 14). La presencia bacteriana máxima fue de 200 UFC/ml en 6 de 8 frascos al final de la investigación. Existió crecimiento bacteriano en el 25 % de los frascos al día 7, mientras que al día 14 el 75 % de los viales estaban contaminados. Existió mayor presencia de Staphylococcus spp en 5 de 6 frascos contaminados en el día 14.
Implementación de un programa de bienestar animal y tenencia responsable de mascotas en instituciones educativas en Cuenca
Authors: Arias Doménica M. , Gonzalez María N. , González Josué A. , Solano León Katherine , Abril Marcela E.
Published: November 2024

La educación desempeña un papel fundamental en la promoción del bienestar animal y la concientización sobre la tenencia responsable de animales de compañía en la sociedad. El estudio incluyó encuestas antes y después de la intervención a estudiantes, que midieron su conocimiento sobre las necesidades básicas de cuidado animal, sus actitudes hacia la tenencia de mascotas y sus prácticas relacionadas con el bienestar animal. Se llevaron a cabo sesiones educativas para proporcionar información sobre la tenencia responsable de mascotas y los principios de bienestar animal. Los resultados indicaron que la mayoría de los estudiantes en ambos niveles educativos reportaron tener mascotas, con una notable tendencia hacia la tenencia de múltiples mascotas. Los perros fueron las mascotas más comunes, seguidos por la combinación de perros y gatos. La mayoría de los estudiantes adquirieron mascotas como regalos, resaltando la necesidad de concienciar sobre la adopción y la planificación antes de adquirir animales. Se observó una mejora notable en el conocimiento de los estudiantes después de las sesiones educativas. La proporción de estudiantes que identificaron correctamente todas las necesidades básicas de las mascotas y valoraron la esterilización como medida crucial para prevenir la reproducción descontrolada aumentó significativamente; sin embargo, la conciencia sobre la importancia de la atención veterinaria regular disminuyó ligeramente, sugiriendo la necesidad de un mayor énfasis en este aspecto.
Resumenes
Authors: Editor Managing
Published: November 2024

Resumenes
Integrasi Etnomatematika dalam Pembelajaran Bangun Datar Segi Empat Berbasis Kearifan Lokal untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Matematika
Authors: Lestari Santi Arum Puspita , Kusumaningrum Dwi Sulistya , Nurapriani Fitria
Published: November 2024

Matematika dianggap sebagai pelajaran wajib dari tingkat pendidikan dasar hingga tinggi karena menjadi dasar dan penghubung bagi mata pelajaran lainnya. Namun, masih ada siswa yang mengalami kesulitan dan memandang matematika hanya sebagai perhitungan dasar. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman matematika siswa dengan menghubungkan matematika dan kebudayaan lokal melalui etnomatematika yang berfokus pada bangun datar segi empat. Kegiatan PkM menggunakan metode sosial konstruktivisme yang dibagi menjadi 5 tahap yakni identifikasi masalah, kolaborasi, eskplorasi, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Melalui kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat, dilakukan penyuluhan di SMPN 2 Cilebar, memperkenalkan etnomatematika pada bidang segi empat kepada siswa. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa 85% siswa (22 dari 25 siswa) mampu mengenali bentuk segi empat pada rumah adat Sunda. Selain itu, kegiatan ini berhasil meningkatkan minat siswa terhadap matematika dengan mengaitkannya secara nyata dengan kebudayaan lokal. Meskipun berhasil, masih ada faktor penghambat, seperti persepsi sulitnya matematika dan pandangan bahwa matematika bersifat abstrak. Dengan demikian, kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari kegiatan ini adalah memberikan kontribusi positif dalam memahamkan siswa mengenai penerapan matematika pada kehidupan sehari-hari melalui pendekatan etnomatematika.
A free education policy research in Indonesia public senior high school: The evaluation with context input process product model application
Authors: Mukodas Ali , Boeriswati Endry , Sujanto Bedjo
Published: November 2024

This research evaluates the school operational assistance fund as Indonesian educational funding through the application model. Qualitative research methods were conducted on 10 public senior high schools in Jakarta, Indonesia. Data collection was conducted through content analysis, focus group discussions and interviews. The findings of this study show that in this context, schools understand the legal basis and conduct socialization related to education funding provided by the government. In the input aspect, the school needed to prepare a decree to create an education fund management team according to the existing technical guidelines. Schools also had problems when inputting data into the system provided by the government. As for the process aspect, it was found that the timing of the distribution of school operational assistance funds was not related to the existing regulations. In addition, schools did not have internal supervisors. The implications of this research for education agencies in Indonesia are to pay attention to the suitability of the implementation of education funding with the existing guidelines. It is necessary to evaluate the implementation of the school operational assistance funds policy to improve the quality of education in Indonesia in the coming year.
Torque Distribution Optimization Strategy for Independently Driven Trams with Front and Rear Axles
Authors: Yao Fengjie
Published: November 2024

Electric vehicles have become an emerging research field due to their energy-saving and low-pollution advantages, among which, front- and rear-axle independently-driven vehicles have become the mainstream direction in the future due to their outstanding advantages. The study introduces a comprehensive optimization approach for torque distribution aimed at reducing the total energy usage of electric vehicles driven independently by both front and rear axles, addressing issues like wheezing. At first, the behavior model during the electric vehicle's steering state is established based on the PID algorithm and particle swarm optimization algorithm. Subsequently, the study examines the vehicle's energy usage and steadiness, developing a comprehensive strategy for torque distribution aimed at reducing the motor's energy consumption and improving the vehicle's stability. Finally, the optimization results are compared and analyzed by combining the references and the examples of the ideal state, and the study reveals that the optimization technique suggested in this document yields superior control outcomes. Findings indicate that the torque distribution optimization approach introduced in this study enhances hysteresis., operational stability, torque distribution control performance, and driving safety under the steering condition of electric vehicles.
The Study Report about Interpretation Course
Authors: Hu Dengpan , Chen Yue
Published: November 2024

In today's world of deepening globalization, in order to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and promote the common prosperity of all mankind, it is necessary to increase the intensity of Sino-foreign exchanges. Marxism believes that social existence determines social consciousness, and language is the product of human society. In the process of foreign business and cultural exchanges, interpreters build a bridge for people who speak different languages to communicate with each other. With the initial formation of the pattern of “all-round, multi-level and wide-ranging" opening to the outside world, the economic and trade exchanges and cultural exchanges between China and other countries are becoming more and more frequent, and the demand for interpreters is increasing, which greatly promotes the process of professionalization of interpretation. In view of this, the author writes the relative study report about interpretation course to tease out the development of the interpretation and point out what should be done in the practice of interpretation.
Short-term Passenger Flow Prediction of Subway based on Neural Network LSTM Algorithm
Authors: Wei Minyou , Yang Tianle , Zheng Yu
Published: November 2024

The present study investigates the application of the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network algorithm for short-term passenger flow forecasting in subway systems. The dataset, sourced from Hangzhou subway stations, records passenger flow at 10-minute intervals over 30 days, distinguishing between weekdays and weekends. The LSTM model was trained using 80% of the available data, while the remaining 20% was reserved for testing purposes. Results showed the model achieved a mean squared error (MSE) of 19.33 on training data, indicating a good fit. However, the test data MSE was significantly higher at 460.78, suggesting overfitting. This implies the model captures training data patterns well but struggles with generalizing to new data. The findings underline the potential of LSTM networks in handling long-term dependencies and gradient vanishing issues inherent in traditional Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs). Despite these advancements, the study highlights the need for model refinement to address overfitting and improve generalizability. Future research should focus on data augmentation, model enhancement, and regularization techniques to develop more robust prediction models. Accurate short-term predictions of passenger flow play a crucial role in optimizing train scheduling, resource allocation, and overall service quality within urban rail transit systems.
Analysis of Front-End Design in New Energy Vehicles Based on Theory of Visual Perception Dynamics
Authors: Zhu Zhenhao
Published: November 2024

This study aims to explore how the distribution of visual forces in the front-end design of new energy vehicles influences the overall image of the vehicle and market preferences, providing theoretical references for designers. The study is grounded in the theory of visual perception dynamics, combined with the semantic differential method, and involves a detailed analysis of the front-end designs of four popular new energy SUVs. It begins by selecting new energy vehicle samples based on user surveys, then establishes a semantic vocabulary, and gathers public impressions of the front-end designs of the four models. These designs are then subjected to an in-depth analysis using the theory of visual perception dynamics to examine the distribution of visual forces. The results indicate that different distributions of visual forces and design strategies can effectively convey various visual impressions of the vehicle, thereby meeting the aesthetic needs of different consumer groups. Dynamic visual effects can be created by combining opposing and ascending forces; power and dominance are conveyed through repeated opposition and the convergence of visual elements; elegance and dignity emerge from a balanced distribution of forces; and stability is reinforced by emphasizing horizontal divergence and shifting the visual center downward. This study provides new perspectives and methods for front-end design in new energy vehicles, with the hope of positively influencing future design practices.
Short-Term Passenger Flow Prediction in Urban Rail Transit based on Hybrid Deep Learning Models
Authors: Kang Yayi
Published: November 2024

Urban rail transit systems are essential for efficient, reliable, and environmentally friendly transportation in modern cities. Correct and effective short-term passenger flow prediction is crucial for optimizing operational efficiency, enhancing service quality, and ensuring passenger safety. Traditional prediction methods often fail to capture the complex, non-linear, and dynamic patterns in urban rail transit systems. This study uses a hybrid deep learning model combining Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks to predict short-term passenger flow in urban rail transit. By integrating the strengths of CNN in capturing spatial features and LSTM in modeling temporal dependencies, the hybrid model aims to improve prediction accuracy. Using historical data from Hangzhou Metro, the study demonstrates the model's effectiveness in predicting passenger flow, which reasonably has a good fit. Additionally, models with different convolutional layers show different performances. These improved predictions offer valuable insights for transit authorities, enabling them to make more informed decisions regarding train scheduling, resource allocation, and emergency response planning. By anticipating passenger demand more accurately, authorities can optimize the deployment of trains, reduce waiting times, enhance passenger comfort, and improve overall service reliability.
Character Motion Synthesis: A Survey
Authors: Xu Jingtong
Published: November 2024

Character Motion Synthesis is a huge cost when it comes to film, game, and design productions using traditional methods of motion synthesis. However, there are newly designed ways to generate motions, which are efficient and economical compared to traditional methods. This paper presents an overview of different types of novel methods to synthesize motions. This paper will introduce Audio-Driven and Music-Driven Motion Synthesis, Generative Models and Frameworks for Motion Synthesis, Human and Object Interaction. Character and Pet Motion Synthesis, Grasp and Hand Object Interactions, and Motion Retargeting and Editing, assembling and summarizing separate articles.