bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Race determinants of wage gaps in Colombia
Authors: Rojas-Hayes Carolina M.
Published: June 2022

This paper examines the presence of wage gaps by race in Colombia. Information contained in the country’s 2003 Living Standard Survey indicates that Afro-Colombian minorities -specifically, working age males- earn on average 6.4% less hourly wages than their non-Afro counterparts. In order to explain these differences standard Mincerian equations are estimated. No statistical evidence of race discrimination in wages is obtained when controls for education levels, age, experience, geographical location, informality and family size are included in the model. The most important statistically significant determinant of wages obtained was education levels. The results however do not rule out the existence of discriminatory practices in earlier stages in life that determine the quantity and quality of education as well as participation in the labor market. This result is corroborated by estimation of poverty and race. In this context, public policies that reduced differences in human capital endowments amongst Colombians of different ethnicities will contribute to decrease racial wage gaps.
Análisis de los determinantes de la transparencia fiscal: evidencia empírica para los municipios catalanes
Authors: Polo José Luis
Published: June 2022

La calidad de las instituciones públicas es un aspecto fundamental para el correcto funcionamiento del proceso de rendición de cuentas. En este sentido, la transparencia fiscal y, concretamente, la disponibilidad de información presupuestaria completa por parte del electorado es clave. Por ello, resulta fundamental conocer los determinantes de la transparencia. Para conseguirlo, utilizando los informes anuales de la Sindicatura de Cuentas de Cataluña (1997–2004), obtenemos una medida de transparencia fiscal para 680 municipios. En la propensión de ser transparente influye positivamente la competencia electoral, mientras que los municipios altamente endeudados y de mayor tamaño tienden a ser menos transparentes.
Hidden Environmental Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination: Waste Management, Treatment, and Global Warming Potential
Authors: Septiariva Iva Yenis , Sarwono Ariyanti , Suryawan I Wayan Koko
Published: June 2022

Latar belakang: Indonesia, negara terpadat keempat di dunia, muncul sebagai episentrum Covid-19 di Asia pada pertengahan tahun 2021. Lonjakan kasus COVID19 mendorong negara untuk menargetkan 1 juta vaksinasi Covid-19 per hari.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan data kualitatif dari tinjauan pustaka sebelumnya kemudian diolah menggunakan perhitungan yang sesuai dengan metode pengelolaan limbah vaksin.Hasil: Meskipun peluncuran vaksinasi besar-besaran, dampaknya terhadap lingkungan masih dipertanyakan. Tidak hanya pembuangan limbah medis yang tidak tepat tetap menjadi tantangan sejak wabah pandemi pada tahun 2020, tetapi vaksinasi memperburuk keadaan. Selain limbah padat, konsumsi listrik dan emisi polutan dari zat pendingin mungkin berkontribusi terhadap jejak karbon yang tinggi.Simpulan: Makalah ini menyoroti pentingnya pengelolaan limbah selama Covid-19 dan konsekuensi tak terduga pada penyimpanan dan penanganan vaksin untuk pengambilan keputusan peluncuran vaksinasi lebih lanjut. ABSTRACT Background: Indonesia, the world’s fourth most populous country, emerged as Asia's Covid-19 epicenters in the mid of 2021. The surge in COVID19 cases drives the nation to aim for 1 million Covid-19 vaccinations per day. Method: This study uses qualitatively and quantitatively data from previous literature reviews and then processed using calculations that are in accordance with the vaccine waste management method.Result: Despite massive vaccination rollout, the impact on the environment is still in question. Not only has improper medical waste disposal remained a challenge since the pandemic breakout in 2020, but the vaccination worsened the circumstances. In addition to solid waste, the electricity consumption and pollutant emissions of the refrigerants might contribute to a high carbon footprint. Conclusion: This paper highlights the importance of waste management during Covid-19 and unforeseen consequences on vaccine storage and handling for decision making of further vaccination rollouts.
FAKTOR DETERMINAN PERGERAKAN HARGA SAHAM ISLAMIC INDEKS PERIODE 2008 – 2018
Authors: Virgantara Dika Zanuar , Handriani Eka
Published: June 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of EPS, NPM, DER, CR and PER on stock prices on the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) for the period 2008-2018 listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This type of research is causal associative research. The research population is 30 companies. The sampling technique is a purposive sampling technique and obtained a sample of 16 companies. Data analysis methods used are correlation, regression, determination, t test and F test. The results of the study show that partially EPS and NPM variables partially have a significant effect on stock prices, while DER, CR and PER variables partially have no significant effect and have a direction negative towards share prices on the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) for the period 2008-2018 listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.
Estimates for weighted Ostrowski–Grüss type inequalities with applications
Authors: Shaikh Muhammad Awais , Khan Asif R. , Mehmood Faraz
Published: June 2022

In the present paper, some error bounds for weighted Ostrowski–Grüss type inequalities are found by using the weighted Čebyšev functional and Diaz–Metcalf inequality. These bounds give some better and new estimates. Applications are also obtained for numerical integration. Furthermore, this paper recaptures some previous established results as its special cases.
She, he, not it: Language, personal pronouns, and animal advocacy
Authors: Merskin Debra
Published: June 2022

The move away from binary labels of he/she as all-encompassing terms, determined at birth, represents a tidal change in how humans are categorized. However, when it comes to animals other than humans, change appears only as drops in the linguistic bucket with slow progress in recognizing them as individuals, who are sexed, and whose treatment by us is determined by which sex they are assigned at birth. Language that continues to refer to them as “it”, for example, rather than “he” or “she” (when sex is known), and not as “they” when it is not, concretizes living beings in the category of object, not subject. This article discusses language as power and focuses on how language matters in the lives of animals other than humans. There is a brief discussion about the creation of animalsandmedia.org. This website is discussed in terms of what informed its creation, what fuels its maintenance, and finally, a media example that shows what using personal pronouns looks like, breaking with style recommendations. How we refer to animals does not reflect who they are, but rather who we are. This matters not only in the categorization and subsequent treatment of animals but also in broader ecological domains and well-being.
Spontaneous pain as a challenge of research and management in chronic pain
Authors: Ma Longyu , Liu Shuting , Yi Ming , Wan You
Published: June 2022

Spontaneous pain occurring without apparent external stimuli, is a significant complaint of individuals with chronic pain whose mechanisms, somewhat surprisingly, remain poorly understood. Over the past decades, neuroimaging studies start to reveal brain activities accompanying spontaneous pain. Meanwhile, a variety of animal models and behavioral tests have been established, including non-reflexive tests and free-choice tests, which have been shown to be effective in assessing spontaneous pain. For the spontaneous pain mechanisms, multiple lines of research mainly focus on three aspects: (1) sensitization of peripheral nociceptor receptors and ion channels, (2) spontaneous neuronal firing and abnormal activity patterns at the dorsal root ganglion and spinal cord level, (3) functional and structural alterations in the brain, particularly the limbic system and the medial pain pathway. Despite accumulating evidence revealing distinct neuronal mechanisms from evoked pain, we are still far from full understanding of spontaneous pain, leaving a big gap between bench and bedside for chronic pain treatment. A better understanding of the neural processes in chronic pain, with specific linkage as to which anatomical structures and molecules related to spontaneous pain perception and comorbidities, will greatly improve our ability to develop novel therapeutics.
New Development Theory on Measure Pseudo – Asymptotically Omega Periodic Functions
Authors: Dads E. Ait , Lhachimi L.
Published: June 2022

The main goal of the paper concerns two parts, in the ˝rst one, we extend some results from Blot et al [5] under general hypothesis on the measure, in the second part, we introduce a new class of functions, which we call measure pseudo 𝒮 - asymptotically omega periodic functions. The obtained results is the extension of those established recently in the literature. Then we establish many interesting results on those functions, namely their characterization, we give also several properties of those class of functions as composition results, the invariance by translation, and the convolution product. All sections are illustrated by examples or counter examples.
The effect of long-term exposure to toxic air pollutants on the increased risk of malignant brain tumors
Authors: Nikmanesh Yousef , Mohammadi Mohammad Javad , Yousefi Homayon , Mansourimoghadam Sara , Taherian Masoume
Published: June 2022

Toxic air pollutants are one of the most agent that have many acute, chronic and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) on human health under long or short-term exposure has been raised from the past to the present. The aim of this study was investigation effect of long-term exposure to toxic air pollutants on the increased risk of malignant brain tumors. Databases used to for searched were the PubMed, Web of Science, Springer and Science Direct (Scopus) and Google Scholar. 71 papers based on abstract and article text filtered. In the end after sieve we selected 7 papers. Identify all relevant studies published 1970–2022. The literature showed that exposure to toxic air pollutants and their respiration can cause disorders in different parts of the brain by transmission through the circulatory system and other mechanisms. Various unpleasant abnormalities are caused by the inhalation of toxic air pollutants in the human body that some of the most common of them include chronic lung disease, coronary heart disease and heart attacks, strokes and brain diseases (Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s and multiple Sclerosis), cancers (liver, blood, prostate and brain) and eventually death. According to the finding brain health and proper functioning can be easily disrupted by various genetic or external factors such as air pollution, causing a wide range of abnormalities in the brain and malignant brain tumors. The results of this study showed that reducing the concentration of toxic pollutants in the air, that exposure to them play an increasing role in the development of brain diseases can slow down the process of abnormalities in the brain and will have significant impacts on reducing the number of people affected by them.
Religiöse Voraussetzungen für Spiritual Care? Eine semiotische Verhältnisbestimmung
Authors: Böckel Holger
Published: June 2022

Religiöse Voraussetzungen für Spiritual Care sind durch die drei Grundformen von Spiritualität nach religiöser Deutungsdichte (nicht-, mittel- und hochreligiös) bestimmbar, denn sie bestehen in einer entsprechenden Deutungskompetenz und können hinsichtlich der Realisierung religiöser Deutung in diesen drei Grundformen semiotisch analysiert werden. Dabei korrelieren mit den drei Grundformen von Spiritualität erst-, zweit- und drittheitliche Zeichen- und Objektbezüge bzw. Bezüge der Interpretantenbildung im Rahmen des kreativen Prozesses der Entstehung von religiöser Bedeutung („Abduktion“ nach C. S. Peirce).

Die „Anamnese“ im Zuge von Spiritual Care sollte zunächst im Sinne einer spirituellen Wahrnehmungskompetenz die jeweilige Grundform der Spiritualität aufnehmen. Spiritual Care-Tätige werden so in die Lage versetzt, die i. e. S. religiösen Voraussetzungen von Deutungsprozessen des Gegenübers mit der eigenen religiösen Deutungs- und Erschließungskompetenz abzugleichen. Spezifisch religiöse Deutungs- und Erschließungskompetenzen sind als Voraussetzung für Spiritual Care stets angezeigt, wenn dem Gegenüber eine hochreligiöse Form von Spiritualität im Rahmen der mit diesen Kompetenzen korrelierenden Religionsgemeinschaft eigen ist („Drittheitlichkeit“). Darüber hinaus kommen diese immer dann in den Blick, wenn durch eine vorliegende Fragestellung dementsprechend weitergehende religiöse Deutungsmuster nahe liegen.
Green synthesis of iron nanoparticles and photocatalytic activity evaluation for the degradation of methylene blue dye
Authors: Bibi Ismat , Ghulam Tahir , Kamal Shagufta , Jilani Kashif , Alwadai Norah , Iqbal Munawar
Published: June 2022

The present study focuses on iron nanoparticles (Fe NPs) biosynthesis, characterization and photocatalytic activity (PCA) appraisal for methylene blue dye degradation. A green rapid biogenic synthesis route was employed for synthesis of Fe NPs using banana peel extract. The synthesized Fe NPs was characterized by XRD (X-ray diffraction), SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and EDX (energy dispersive X-ray) techniques. These analysis confirmed the synthesis of zero valent Fe NPs with high crystallinity, purity and semi spherical in shape. The photocatalytic activity was assessed under ultra violet irradiation and under optimum conditions, 87% degradation of MB dye was obtained for 72 min of irradiation, which revealed promising catalytic efficiency of the Fe NPs. The result shows that photocatalytic activity of Fe NPs is promising and could possibly be used to treat dyes in industrial effluents and the use of green synthetic protocol is suggested due to its ecofriendly nature.
„Nechť dnešek vybuduje Liberec nový, Liberec lepší!“ Proměny městského urbanismu v druhé polovině 20. století na příkladu Liberce
Authors: Zeman Jaroslav
Published: June 2022

The paper deals with the efforts to regulate Liberec during the second half of the 20th century with an emphasis on the so-called lower center and nec essarily overlapping into older and newer stages. It monitors the extent to which the appearance of the city and opinions on its transformation were shaped by contemporary urban trends, especially structuralism. Therefore, the most important urban competitions associated with Liberec are presented, regulations of the famous SIAL stu dio and the most important buildings built in the monitored period. It helps to complete t he intended, but never finished, new urban skeleton of the city. There is also an outline of the situation and development after 1989, sharply contrasting with the bold visions of the 1960s an d 1970s.
A heterotypic assembly mechanism regulates CHIP E3 ligase activity
Authors: Das Aniruddha , Thapa Pankaj , Santiago Ulises , Shanmugam Nilesh , Banasiak Katarzyna , Dąbrowska Katarzyna , Nolte Hendrik , Szulc Natalia A , Gathungu Rose M , Cysewski Dominik , Krüger Marcus , Dadlez Michał , Nowotny Marcin , Camacho Carlos J , Hoppe Thorsten , Pokrzywa Wojciech
Published: June 2022

CHIP (C‐terminus of Hsc70‐interacting protein) and its worm ortholog CHN‐1 are E3 ubiquitin ligases that link the chaperone system with the ubiquitin‐proteasome system (UPS). CHN‐1 can cooperate with UFD‐2, another E3 ligase, to accelerate ubiquitin chain formation; however, the basis for the high processivity of this E3s set has remained obscure. Here, we studied the molecular mechanism and function of the CHN‐1–UFD‐2 complex in Caenorhabditis elegans. Our data show that UFD‐2 binding promotes the cooperation between CHN‐1 and ubiquitin‐conjugating E2 enzymes by stabilizing the CHN‐1 U‐box dimer. However, HSP70/HSP‐1 chaperone outcompetes UFD‐2 for CHN‐1 binding, thereby promoting a shift to the autoinhibited CHN‐1 state by acting on a conserved residue in its U‐box domain. The interaction with UFD‐2 enables CHN‐1 to efficiently ubiquitylate and regulate S‐adenosylhomocysteinase (AHCY‐1), a key enzyme in the S‐adenosylmethionine (SAM) regeneration cycle, which is essential for SAM‐dependent methylation. Our results define the molecular mechanism underlying the synergistic cooperation of CHN‐1 and UFD‐2 in substrate ubiquitylation.
IMPLEMENTATION OF ADOPTION IN SOUTH AFRICA: PERSPECTIVES FROM PRACTITIONERS IN THE WESTERN CAPE
Authors: Luyt Jean , Swartz Leslie
Published: June 2022

In South Africa adoption as a form of alternative care had decreased despite a supportive legal and policy environment. This qualitative exploratory study explored adoption policy implementation. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with four social workers and two magistrates implementing adoption in the Western Cape. Data were thematically analysed using Lipsky’s theory of street-level bureaucracy. Results indicate significant problems in implementation, including lack of adoption services by the Department of Social Development (DSD) social workers; overuse of foster care; and difficulties in registration of the birth of abandoned babies and babies assumed to be foreign. Recommendations for practice are provided. Keywords: adoption, alternative care, legal and policy framework, legal policy framework, policy implementation, practitioners, street-level bureaucracy
EVALUATION OF THE TRIAL IMPLEMENTATION OF A PROTOCOL FOR ASSESSING AND SUPPORTING CHILDREN WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DELAYS AND DISABILITIES AT RURAL CHILD AND YOUTH CARE CENTRES
Authors: Heyns Yolande , Roestenburg Willem
Published: June 2022

The Ecological Assessment and Intervention Protocol (ECO-AIP) was designed by Heyns and Roestenburg (2021) to address inadequate service rendering to children with developmental delays and disabilities (DDDs) at rural Child and Youth Care Centres (CYCCs). This article presents the results of a trial implementation of the ECO-AIP at two rural CYCCs to ascertain whether the protocol made any difference to the care practices of the staff and the developmental health of the children. Qualitative focus groups were conducted using a semi-structured interview schedule and thematic analysis. This research study found that the ECO-AIP added substantially to the staff’s knowledge and skills base, leading to a general improvement in the quality and sophistication of service rendering. The ECO-AIP guided multidisciplinary CYCC teams in identifying DDDs in rural children and in supporting them to reach developmental milestones. Keywords: Child and Youth Care Centre (CYCC, child development, developmental delays and disabilities (DDDs), developmental milestones, protocol, Ecosystemic Assessment and Intervention Protocol (ECO-AIP)
THE PERCEPTIONS OF STUDENTS IN AN OPEN DISTANCE LEARNING (ODL) INSTITUTION ON LIFE SKILLS AS AN HIV AND AIDS PREVENTION STRATEGY
Authors: Mohapi Boitumelo Joyce , Agboola Caroline , Dipela Mmaphuti Percy
Published: June 2022

Most people, including university students, are faced with the challenge of preventing infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). There is a need to ensure that students, future graduates and the future workforce enter the workforce as health-conscious citizens. This descriptive, explorative, qualitative study was conducted among students of the University of South Africa (Unisa), and it explored the students’ perceptions of developing life skills as an HIV and AIDS prevention strategy. Focus group discussions were used as a means of data collection. The data collected were subjected to content analysis. The perception of the students showed that life skills may play a crucial role in the prevention of HIV and AIDS. The study revealed that learning about life skills is absent from the students’ curriculum, and students want it to be included in their education. Some recommendations were made: the inclusion of HIV and AIDS education in the students’ curricula and qualification; student support services should provide services that go beyond the provision of medication and condoms to include counselling services for students on mental health, behaviour and general health; compulsory life skills workshops and educational sessions should be made available to students at the beginning of registration cycles; and topics for the life skills workshops should encompass aspects that are related to HIV and AIDS as well as those that are not HIV- and AIDS-related. Keywords: HIV and AIDS prevention, life skills, students, students support services, strengths perspective, Open Distance Learning
QUALITATIVE CHANGES AND TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLICPRIVATE PARTNERSHIP
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Malin Oleksandr
Published: June 2022

The analysis of the development of public-private partnership in Ukraine and the world to establish its qualitative and quantitative changes, regional and sectoral trends was conducted in such areas as: systematization of the main trends in PPP development in the world; brief analysis of PPP development trends in Ukraine on the basis of quantity, structure of agreements, volume of investments, economic activity, geographical location; systematization of PPP development problems. In the process of research, the main trends in the development of PPP in the world were identified. The first trend is the quantitative growth of PPP in the world and in the EU (number of projects and total investment in them). The second trend in PPP development is the diversification of the PPP market by countries and sectors of the economy. The third trend is the infrastructural orientation of PPP. The fourth trend is state support. The fifth trend is the development of PPPs in the field of innovation. It was found that the trends and rates of PPP development in Ukraine in terms of quantity, volume of investment, structure of agreements, economic activity and geographical location are somewhat different from the world. Also, the problems of PPP development were systematized.
Mitochondrial respiration in thoracic perivascular adipose tissue of diabetic mice
Authors: Pinho Aryane Cruz Oliveira , Santos Diana , Baldeiras Inês , Burgeiro Ana , Leal Emelindo C , Carvalho Eugenia
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Thoracic perivascular adipose tissue (tPVAT) has a phenotype resembling brown AT. Dysfunctional tPVAT appears to be linked to vascular dysfunction.

Methods

We evaluated uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression by Western blot, oxidative stress by measuring lipid peroxidation, the antioxidant capacity by HPLC and spectrophotometry, and mitochondrial respiration by high-resolution respirometry (HRR) in tPVAT, compared to inguinal white AT (iWAT), obtained from non-diabetic (NDM) and streptozocin-induced diabetic (STZ-DM) mice. Mitochondrial respiration was assessed by HRR using protocol 1: complex I and II oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and protocol 2: fatty acid oxidation (FAO) OXPHOS. OXPHOS capacity in tPVAT was also evaluated after UCP1 inhibition by guanosine 5'-diphosphate (GDP).

Results

UCP1 expression was higher in tPVAT when compared with iWAT in both NDM and STZ-DM mice. The malondialdehyde concentration was elevated in tPVAT from STZ-DM compared to NDM mice. Glutathione peroxidase and reductase activities, as well as reduced glutathione levels, were not different between tPVAT from NDM and STZ-DM mice but were lower compared to iWAT of STZ-DM mice. OXPHOS capacity of tPVAT was significantly decreased after UCP1 inhibition by GDP in protocol 1. While there were no differences in the OXPHOS capacity between NDM and STZ-DM mice in protocol 1, it was increased in STZ-DM compared to NDM mice in protocol 2. Moreover, complex II- and FAO-linked respiration were elevated in STZ-DM mice under UCP1 inhibition.

Conclusions

Pharmacological therapies could be targeted to modulate UCP1 activity with a significant impact in the uncoupling of mitochondrial bioenergetics in tPVAT.
Public Health Shock, Intervention Policies, and Health Behaviors: Evidence from COVID-19
Authors: Hasanzadeh Samira , Alishahi Modjgan
Published: June 2022

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries, including the U.S., adopted intervention policies aimed at averting the spread. However, these policies may have led to significant changes in public health behaviors. We use Google search queries to examine how state government actions are associated with people’s internet searches (internet browsing habits) related to health behaviors. We employ the differences-in-differences method to determine the link between disease outbreak, associated intervention policies, and changes in health behavior related searches. Our findings show that school closures, restaurant restrictions, and stay-at-home orders lead to a significant rise in searches for workout, physical activity, exercise, takeout, liquor, and wine. Moreover, people’s concerns regarding weight loss, diet, nutrition, restaurant, and fast food substantially decline following stay-at-home orders. Our event-study results indicate that changes in health behaviors began weeks before stay-at-home orders were implemented contemporaneously with emergency declarations and other partial closures. These findings suggest that people’s health behaviors are notably affected by state government’s intervention policies.
INFLUENCE OF UNIAXIAL PLASMON METASURFACE ON ANTIREFLECTION PROPERTIES OF DIELECTRIC LAYER
Authors:   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of NASU, Beletskii M. M. , Popovych І. D. ,   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of NASU
Published: June 2022

Subject and Purpose. Th e study of the eff ect of refl ectionless electromagnetic waves propagation through solid-state structures containing metasurfaces at its boundaries has a great scientifi c and practical interest for improving the performance and creating new types of nanoelectronics and optics devices. Th e aim of this work is to study the eff ect of an anisotropic uniaxial plasmon metasurface located at the boundary of the dielectric layer on the eff ect of refl ectionless propagation of electromagnetic waves. The study of the effect of refl ectionless propagation of electromagnetic waves through solid-state structures containing metasurfaces at its boundaries is of great scientific and practical interest for improving the performance and creating new types of nanoelectronics and optics devices. Methods and Methodology. Numerical simulations were used to study the effect of the refl ectionless electromagnetic waves propagation through an anisotropic uniaxial plasma metasurface lying on the dielectric layer. It is used to determine the thicknesses and permeability values of the dielectric layer, for which the effect was observed. Results. It is shown that the presence of an anisotropic uniaxial plasmon metasurface on the dielectric layer leads to a signifi cant conditions change of the eff ect of refl ectionless propagation of p-polarized electromagnetic waves along and across the main axis of anisotropy of the metasurface. It was shown that the metasurface removes the rigid restriction of the dielectric layer permeability value. To achieve the effect of refl ectionless propagation of electromagnetic waves, the permeability of the dielectric layer can be chosen within a wide range. Conclusion. Dielectric layers with anisotropic uniaxial plasmonic metasurfaces have signifi cantly better characteristics for the effect of refl ectionless propagation of electromagnetic waves. They can be used to create fundamentally new nanoelectronic and optical devices.
Наука і перемога, або війна як casus belli наукових реформ
Authors: Локтєв Вадим Михайлович
Published: June 2022

У статті автор, спираючись на деякі історичні паралелі, розмірковує, якою має бути роль науки загалом і НАН України зокрема у післявоєнній відбудові країни, що потрібно зробити Академії як найвищій науковій організації, щоб довести державі і суспільству свою спроможність виконувати складні завдання з переходу української економіки на інноваційні рейки розвитку, і робить висновок, що створити сучасну економіку без відродження наукомісткої промисловості неможливо. На думку автора, реформа наукового сектору матиме підстави для успіху лише після формулювання її стратегічних цілей, визначення поетапних завдань, термінів їх виконання та джерел фінансування, а також чіткого уявлення, що саме ми хочемо отримати в результаті.
Characteristics of Emergency Room and Hospital Encounters Resulting From Consumer Home Monitors
Authors: Craig Sansanee , Rasooly Irit R. , Kern-Goldberger Andrew S. , Luo Brooke , Mai Mark V. , Beus Jonathan M. , Faulkenberry J. Grey , Brent Canita , Herchline Daniel , Muthu Naveen , Bonafide Christopher P.
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Consumer home monitors (CHM), which measure vital signs, are popular products marketed to detect airway obstruction and arrhythmia. Yet, they lack evidence of infant death prevention, demonstrate suboptimal accuracy, and may result in false alarms that prompt unnecessary acute care visits. To better understand the hospital utilization and costs of CHM, we characterized emergency department (ED) and hospital encounters associated with CHM use at a children’s hospital.

METHODS

We used structured query language to search the free text of all ED and admission notes between January 2013 and December 2019 to identify clinical documentation discussing CHM use. Two physicians independently reviewed the presence of CHM use and categorized encounter characteristics.

RESULTS

Evidence of CHM use contributed to the presentation of 36 encounters in a sample of over 300 000 encounters, with nearly half occurring in 2019. The leading discharge diagnoses were viral infection (13, 36%), gastroesophageal reflux (8, 22%) and false positive alarm (6, 17%). Median encounter duration was 20 hours (interquartile range: 3 hours to 2 days; max 10.5 days) and median cost of encounters was $2188 (interquartile range: $255 to $7632; max $84 928).

CONCLUSIONS

Although the annual rate of CHM-related encounters was low and did not indicate a major public health burden, for individual families who present to the ED or hospital for concerns related to CHMs, there may be important adverse financial and emotional consequences.
СТРУКТУРА ТА КОРОЗІЙНО–ЕЛЕКТРОХІМІЧНІ ВЛАСТИВОСТІ ШВИДКОЗАГАРТОВАНИХ ВИСОКОЕНТРОПІЙНИХ СПЛАВІВ Fe5CrCuNiMnSi ТА Fe5CоCuNiMnSi
Authors: Полонський Володимир А. , Башев Валерій Ф. , Кушнерьов Олександр І.
Published: June 2022

Досліджено фазовий склад, особливості структури та корозійно–електрохімічні властивості загартованих з рідкого стану плівок високоентропійних сплавів Fe5CrCuNiMnSi та Fe5CоCuNiMnSi. Плівки були отримані із використанням методики splat-охолодження. Швидкість охолодження, оцінена за товщиною отриманих плівок становила приблизно 106 К/с. Електрохімічна поведінка та корозійна тривкість визначалися у нейтральному розчині натрій хлориду. За допомогою рентгенофазового аналізу визначений фазовий склад та параметри кристалічних ґраток досліджених плівок високоентропійних сплавів Fe5CrCuNiMnSi та Fe5CоCuNiMnSi. Встановлено, що структури обох досліджених швидкоохолоджених високоентропійних плівок являють собою тверді розчини із гранецентрованими кубічними ґратками. Визначені величини стаціонарних потенціалів та області електрохімічної стабільності сплавів, розраховано густини струмів корозії. Показано, що зразки сплаву Fe5CrCuNiMnSi в корозійних випробуваннях поводять себе інертно. Проведено порівняння з характеристиками аналогічних сплавів, отриманих способом лиття.
Una máquina neobarroca: la escritura de Diamela Eltit
Authors: Cabrera Mario Federico David
Published: June 2022

The article analyzes the conformation of a neo-baroque repertoire in the narrative of the Chilean writer Diamela Eltit (Santiago, 1949). For this, the reflection focuses on a reduced corpus made up of the novels: El cuartomundo, Los trabajadores de la muerte and Fuerzas especiales. From an approach that attends to the intersections between literature and society, it is assumed as a presupposition that the neo-baroque manifests itself as a form of aesthetic experimentation and political interpellation regarding discourses and social practices traversed by violence. The hypothesis holds that the author’s novels combine a series of discursive operations that highlight the complex articulation between the historical forms of violence, the social conformation of citizen subjectivities, and the materiality of language. The work is oriented in two directions: reconstructing some theoretical debates referring to the modulations of the neo-baroque in Hispanic American Literature (Bustillo, Richard, Rojas and Sarduy, among others) and characterizing the operations and meanings associated with this movement in Eltit’s novels.
Les relations sémantiques au carrefour des champs conceptuels du droit
Authors: Hodková Kateřina
Published: June 2022

The present study concerns the analysis of semantic relationships that exist between legal concepts in Czech and French law. The study combines textual approach, which is necessary for identification of relationships, and the approach of constructing conceptual fields by applying the theory of semic analysis, which help to distinguish terminological and conceptual units from other linguistic units in the texts. Two corpora of legal texts serve as source of legal concepts. These corpora concern the same thematic domain and were established for the purpose of this study. After the theorical and methodological delimitations of the key notions (the definition of concept and term, conceptual field, semic analysis, content of corpora), the study proceeds to a detailed description of linguistic relations within the corpora. This paper focuse on semantic relationships and analyses the following ones: synonymy, opposition (antonymy and contrastivity) and hierarchical relationships (hyperonymy, meronymy and hierarchy of conceptual fields). The analysis concerning two languages and two legal systems enables to compare the data related to the given corpora. For each relationship this study offers a short explanation of the nature of the relationship, its frequency in the two corpora, examples borrowed from the corpora and, if present, the description of other phenomena encountered during the research. These phenomena include, among other things, different types of synonymy, the absence of hyperonyme or holonyme in some hierarchical structures or different types of meronymy.
Evaluación de producción académica docente en la Universidad de Costa Rica: contexto y problematización
Authors: D’Antoni Fattori Maurizia , Rosabal-Coto Guillermo
Published: June 2022

El presente artículo busca problematizar los criterios con los que se analiza y se otorga un puntaje a las publicaciones de las personas docentes en la Comisión de Régimen Académico, entidad encargada de evaluar la producción académica en la Universidad de Costa Rica, con particular referencia a cuatro criterios citados en el reglamento para evaluar la producción académica de personal docente en propiedad; originalidad, relevancia, trascendencia/mérito reconocido y complejidad. Se quiere interrogar críticamente la pertinencia de las nociones y los criterios sobre el mérito académico desde una perspectiva intercultural y decolonial. En efecto, se percibe la temática de la evaluación de la producción en la universidad como sensible en el ámbito académico mundial y, a la vez, vinculada con la internacionalización del conocimiento –un asunto político, como lo es la educación en general.
Estrategias de afrontamiento en adolescentes “kichwa kisapincha”, en trabajo infantil. Estudio comparativo
Authors: Hernández Pachucho Jessica Estefanía , Pinos Montenegro Judith
Published: June 2022

Esta investigación busca determinar cómo operan las estrategias de afrontamiento de problemas en adolescentes indígenas kichwa kisapinchas, cuyas edades oscilan entre 13 y 17 años y que se encuentran en situación de trabajo infantil, comparándolas con adolescentes que no están en condiciones de trabajo infantil. Participaron en esta investigación 20 personas. El período de indagación duró desde enero de 2019 a enero de 2021, se desarrolló en la parroquia de Kisapincha, cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua-Ecuador. Metodológicamente es un estudio de corte cuantitativo, el instrumento de empleado fue la Escala de Afrontamiento para Adolescentes (ACS), del Manual de Frydenber Lewis, adaptación española 2000. Los principales hallazgos señalan, que los adolescentes que trabajan, en su mayoría optan por la estrategia de distracciones físicas; mientras, que los adolescentes que no realizan trabajo infantil prefieren la estrategia de diversiones relajantes (Dr) que se caracteriza por elementos que describen actividades de ocio. El principal resultado muestra que los adolescentes que están en condiciones de trabajo infantil desarrollaron estrategias de afrontamiento dirigidas a la resolución del problema y de afrontamiento; por lo tanto, presentan un buen nivel de bienestar psicológico, a pesar de sus condiciones socioeconómicas.
homeopatia em cultivo semi-hidropônico aberto de morangueiro
Authors: Tonin Samuel Tadeu , Sampaio Silva Ana Carolina , Bizollo Amanda Raquel , Radünz Marjana , Bianchi Josiane Márcia , Bender Kristiany Mariely , Burg Ines Claudete , Radünz André Luiz
Published: June 2022

O uso da homeopatia na agricultura tem por objetivo aumentar a qualidade de vida no meio rural e promover o abandono dos agrotóxicos e outros insumos que geram dependência ao agricultor. A homeopatia é coerente com as bases que norteiam o desenvolvimento rural sustentável e perfeitamente compatível com princípios da agroecologia. Objetivou-se com este artigo relatar e descrever as observações dos efeitos de diferentes preparados homeopáticos, sendo eles: Arnica montana CH 12 e um composto homeopático contendo Calcarea carbonica, Calcarea phosphorica e Magnesia phosphorica, ambos aplicados na CH 12 e na CH 18, sobre plantas de morangueiro cultivadas em sistema semi-hidropônico aberto. Para isto foi realizada uma entrevista com um agricultor que cultiva morangos em sistema semi-hidropônico aberto em casa de vegetação. As aplicações dos preparados homeopáticos foram realizadas por meio de pulverização. Os resultados apontam que o uso da homeopatia é totalmente viável e colabora de forma precisa no processo de conversão para a agroecologia.
Palavras-chave: Agricultura familiar; transição agroecológica; dinamização; sustentabilidade.
efeitos da pandemia da COVID-19 no processo educacional no Brasil entre os anos de 2020 e 2021
Authors: Lima de Queiroz Natália Fabiana , Amorim da Silva Roseane , Cordeiro Antas de Sousa Marília Rosália
Published: June 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a produção literária acerca dos efeitos da pandemia de COVID-19 no processo educacional brasileiro entre os anos de 2020 e 2021. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa buscou refletir sobre as desigualdades sociais evidenciadas no período pandêmico, o trabalho docente neste período e um olhar reflexivo sobre os desafios apresentados no contexto educacional. A de uma revisão da literatura no site Acadêmico® com o seguinte descritor “Educação e pandemia” foi feito um levantamento dos artigos publicados em 2020 até outubro de 2021. Observamos no material localizado o aumento da desigualdade social já existente e de problemas psicossociais que contribuem para o desfasamento educacional. Foram localizados 75 artigos, dos quais 49 estudos foram descartados pela incompatibilidade de conteúdos com o objetivo da nossa pesquisa. Ficamos com 26 artigos que fizemos leituras para tecer análises e reflexões. Com base nos artigos analisados verificou-se que há uma precarização do trabalho docente, isso por falta de investimento em capacitação/formação adequada para o uso de ferramentas tecnológicas em sala de aula, constituindo uma nova demanda para a educação em tempos de pandemia. A exclusão digital acentua ainda mais as desigualdades sociais. Observamos também a necessidade de criação de políticas públicas voltadas para a formação continuada de professores frente às novas demandas educacionais.
Palavras-chave: Efeitos da pandemia; desigualdades sociais; trabalho docente; Ensino remoto.
STRATEGI PENGHIDUPAN BERKELANJUTAN PADA KOMUNITAS PENGOLAH IKAN DI MASA PANDEMI COVID 19 (Studi Kasus Di Kalurahan Poncosari, Kepanewon Srandakan, Bantul)
Authors: Setyaningrum Agustina , Nugroho Agung Satriyo
Published: June 2022

The fish processing community in Kuwaru Beach experienced some production problems during the  Covid 19 pandemic. This study aims to identify livelihoods and community livelihood strategies during the pandemic. This research is qualitative. The data collected are secondary data and primary data. Primary data were taken through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Secondary data was taken through a literature review. The results showed that the community had good physical capital. Social capital, human capital, and natural capital are in the moderate. Meanwhile, financial capital is relatively low. They have difficulty accessing capital and do not have the requirements. No migration strategy was found in livelihoods. They carry out extensification and intensification strategies to maintain production activities
Synchronous video-based supervision and feedback in professional education
Authors: Sletteland Nina Vahl , Røykenes Kari , Hunskår Irene , Lund Hans
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this review was to identify studies and experiences reporting with triadic synchronous video-based supervision (TSVBS) in nursing education. It is important for nursing students to be supervised by preceptors and academic teachers during their practicum. There are some challenges to performing in-person supervision involving those three parties, like long travel distances and the restrictions caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. TSVBS may be a solution. There is, however, limited knowledge about TSVBS in nurse education. We performed a scoping review focusing on TSVBS to provide an overview of the existing publications on the approach. Only six studies were found describing the use of TSVBS, all of them relating to nurse education. No studies evaluating the effect of TSVBS were found. Instead, the studies only compared the cost-effectiveness of TSVBS with in-person supervision. The supervisory relationship between the three could also not be separated from a more general teacher-student relationship.
Dini İnançlar Zaviyesinden Kırgızların Dünü-Bugünü ve Kırgız Gençlerinin İnançlara Karşı Olan Tutumları
Authors: AMBER Sadık
Published: June 2022

En eski Türk boylarından biri de bağımsız bir devlet kurma imkânına ulaşmış, Kırgız Toplumu’dur. Genelde, Orta Asya Türk boylarının ve özelde ise Kırgız Toplumu’nun inançlarına dair süreçleri, İslamlaşma öncesi, İslamlaşma sonrası, Ruslar Dönemi ve 1991 bağımsızlık sonrası olmak üzere 4 ana devrede değerlendirilebilir. Kırgızlar, İslam öncesi Şamanizm’le irtibatlı, eski Türk dininin özünü oluşturan Atalar Kültü, Gök Tanrı Kültü ve Yer-Su Kültler ’ine inanıyorlardı. 8-13. asırlar arasında Türk boylarının çoğunluğu, Müslümanlaşma süreçlerini büyük oranda tamamlarken, Kırgızlarda bu durum, göçebe hayat tarzından ve başka sebeplerden dolayı 16-17. asra sarkmıştır. Kırgız’lar, kısmen Çarlık döneminin ve büyük oranda da Sovyet idaresinin zulümlerine maruz kaldılar ve inanç hürriyetinden mahrum bırakıldılar. Bu zulümler arasında; Ateizm propagandasıyla Müslümanlara karşı, dinsizleştirme siyasetinin güdülmesi, camilerin Ateizmi yayan müzelere çevrilmesi, camilerin sürekli azaltılması, okullara ateizm derslerinin konulması, din adamlarının mallarının müsadere edilip, aileleriyle sürgüne gönderilmesi sayılabilir. Kırgızlar, 1991 bağımsızlık sonrasında, diğer alanlarda olduğu gibi, inanç hürriyeti sahasında da birçok kazanımlar elde etmiştir. Şu an, Kırgız Toplumu’nun geneli, laikliğe mütenasip olarak, devletin kanunları muvacehesinde, geleneksel Maturidi-Hanefi anlayışıyla yollarına devam etmektedir. Ancak, Orta Asya Türk Cumhuriyetlerinin genelinde olduğu gibi, misyonerlik faaliyetleri ve Selefi akımların yönlendirmesiyle, gençlerin de içinde olduğu Kırgız Toplumu’nun, geleneksel din anlayışları darbe yemekte, bu da dini sahada birçok problemi doğurmaktadır. Kırgız gençleri de bu misyonerlik çalışmaları ve radikal dini akımların yıkıcı tesirinden etkilenirken, seküler yaşam ’da gençlerin moral değerler açısından istenilen şekilde yetişmesinde büyük bir handikap oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada, Kırgız gençlerinin, dinle alakalı konulara son derece ilgi gösterdikleri ve doğru dini, doğru şekilde tahsil için gayret ettikleri ortaya çıkmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, Kırgız devleti de gençlerinin dini ihtiyaçlarını, dini kıstaslara ve bilimselliğe uygun olarak öğretmek durumundadır.
ALTERAÇÕES DA COMPOSIÇÃO E DA PRODUÇÃO DE LEITE ORIUNDO DE QUARTOS MAMÁRIOS DE VACAS COM E SEM MASTITE SUBCLÍNICA DE ACORDO COM O ESTÁGIO E O NÚMERO DE LACTAÇÕES
Authors: Zafalon L.F. , Nader Filho A. , Amaral L.A. do , Oliveira J.V. de , Resende F.D. de
Published: June 2022

RESUMO O presente trabalho teve por objetivo pesquisar diferenças na composição e na produção de leite ao serem estudadas as interações entre estágios de lactação, número de lactações e mastite subclínica. Quartos mamários foram distribuídos em 6 grupos: Grupo "A", animais com até 2 meses após o parto e até 5 lactações; Grupo "B", animais com até 2 meses após o parto e após a quinta lactação; Grupo "C", com vacas em meses intermediários do estágio de lactação e com até 5 lactações; Grupo "D", com animais em meses intermediários do estágio de lactação e após a quinta lactação; Grupo "E", com vacas nos 2 meses anteriores à secagem e até 5 lactações; e Grupo "F", composto por animais com até 2 meses antes da secagem e após a quinta lactação. Foram analisadas a produção láctea, a contagem de células somáticas (CCS), o teor de cloretos, a acidez titulável, a densidade, o extrato seco desengordurado (ESD) e a crioscopia. O estágio de lactação e o número de lactações influenciaram a produção láctea e o conteúdo de cloretos do leite de quartos sadios, devendo ser considerados quando estudada a influência da mastite subclínica sobre a composição e a produção de leite. Além disso, em conjunto com o período lactacional e o número de lactações, a etiologia infecciosa da mastite subclínica deve ser investigada pela possível variação do grau de acometimento da glândula mamária de acordo com os microrganismos envolvidos.
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: literature review based on three case reports
Authors: Carneiro Amandha Alencar Maia , Esmeraldo Mateus Aragão , Silva David Elison de Lima e , Ribeiro Espártaco Moraes Lima
Published: June 2022

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is one of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies that lead to rapidly progressive dementia. CJD has a low prevalence, and the average survival is only 1 year after the onset of symptoms. As the patients with CJD develop rapidly progressive dementia, associated with myoclonus, visual or cerebellar problems, pyramidal or extrapyramidal features, and akinetic mutism, the hypothesis of CJD must be raised. Classic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings are hypersignals in the caudate nucleus, putamen, and cortical region. CJD must be considered a differential diagnosis of other types of dementia, and there is no effective treatment for this disease. In this article, we present a literature review based on the report of three cases of the sporadic form of this disease.