bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mitigating Cardiovascular Risk in Type 2 Diabetes With Antidiabetes Drugs: A Review of Principal Cardiovascular Outcome Results of EMPA-REG OUTCOME, LEADER, and SUSTAIN-6 Trials
Authors: Kaul Sanjay
Published: June 2017

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a diabetes guidance in 2008 mandating that all new antidiabetes drugs rule out excess cardiovascular (CV) risk, defined as an upper bound of the two-sided 95% CI for major adverse CV events (MACE) of less than 1.80 preapproval and 1.30 postapproval. Over 25 large, prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trials involving nearly 195,000 subjects thus far have been completed or are ongoing in accordance with this guidance. The results of seven trials have been presented so far—three with dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors, one with a sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, and three with glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA). While all seven trials showed noninferiority in the rate of MACE with the use of these agents compared with placebo, three of them revealed CV benefits. Treatment with empagliflozin (an SGLT2 inhibitor) and treatment with liraglutide (a GLP-1 RA) both significantly reduced the risk of MACE, mortality from CV causes, and mortality from any cause when compared with placebo. Treatment with semaglutide, another GLP-1 RA, showed a significantly lower rate of MACE but not mortality from CV or any cause compared with placebo. In all of the trials, the effects of treatment on outcomes were out of proportion to the small differences in glycemic control levels, suggesting that the effects observed were likely unrelated to differences in the glucose-lowering efficacy. Overall, the results of these trials yield a favorable benefit-risk balance for these therapies in mitigating CV risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. More research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and confirm whether the CV benefits are a class effect or whether the benefits persist in patients without established CV disease or are evident even in patients without diabetes.
Interpretasi Multikulturalisme Agama Dan Pendidikan
Authors: Erawati Desi
Published: June 2017

Multicultural of meaning can be understand various aspects of life , but more often come to the surface when touched by religious and multicultural education. Pluralist in about have a religion always touted though still much conflict do in the name of religion. In the world of education , just as the discourse of multicultural education, theory , concept , or the like is not on the level of the students have not his actions to realize in life should be. Conceptually speaking , should probably dig the meaning of multicultural local wisdom in the sphere of culture , in order to preserve the local culture and inheritance until not even left forgotten . Huma Betang is a special custom home Dayak tribe , meaning the philosophy contained in it is to appreciate , appreciate the diversity and united together.
 In this paper highlights how multicultural about have a religion can be understood in the domain and in the domain of education is not merely a matter of discourse but be applicable in understanding the life of nation and state .
Rytmicko-melodické modely k doprovodu populárních písní podle akordových značek a jejich klavírní stylizace
Authors: Kuhn Tomáš
Published: June 2017

Publikace mapuje různé druhy klavírní stylizace populárních písní patřící do hudby jazzového okruhu. Je první českou publikací, která systematicky popisuje a předkládá rytmicko-melodické modely určené k doprovodu populárních písní hraných současně s melodií i bez melodie. Text je rozdělen do dvou částí. První blok obsahuje analytickou část, která je zaměřena na hudební teorii z pohledu sledované látky, tj. klavírní fakturu, harmonii, rytmus ad. vážící se ke zkoumanému tématu. Náplň druhé části tvoří typologie rytmicko-melodických modelů a variací vhodných k doprovodům populárních písní.
Végrehajtás vagyonrészre – anomáliák a bírói gyakorlatban
Authors: Kiss Tibor
Published: June 2017

Im ungarischen Recht enhält das Gesetz Nr. LIII von 1994 über die Zwangsvollstreckungverschiedene spezielle Regelungen über die Zwangvollstreckung bzw. die Beschlagnahmeund Verwertung der Geschäftsanteile und Aktien. Neben den Regelungen über dieWertpapiere (Aktien) und Geschäftsanteile es gibt detallierte Bestimmungen über dieVermögensanteile. Der Begriff von „Vermögensanteil” wurde aber gesetzlich gar nichtdefiniert, so es ist nicht klar, was der Gesetzgeber darunter versteht und was ist derZusammenhang zwischen den Begriffe von Geschäftsanteil, Wertpapiere (Aktien) undVermögensanteil. Es ist auch problematisch, dass der Begriff von „Vermögensanteil” keingesellschaftrechtlicher Begriff ist, so daraus entstehen die grössten Schwierigkeiten in derJudikatur. Das Gesetz erwähnt das Wort „Vermögensanteil”nur zweilmal, in verschiedenenÖrten der Rechtsnorm. Gemäss Paragraph 101, Absart (1) (1) verständigt von der Pfändungdes dem Schuldner vom Vermögen der Wirtschaftsorganisation zustehenden Vermögensbzw.Geschäftsanteils (im Weiteren: Geschäftsanteil) der Gerichtsvollzieher dieWirtschaftsorganisation und den Gerichtshof als Handelsregistergericht (im Weiteren:Handelsregistergericht) unter Zusendung einer Kopie des Pfändungsprotokolls. Betreffend dieVollstreckung des Geschäftsanteile lautet die Rechtsnorm wie folgt: Besitzt der Schuldnereine Beteiligung an einer Wirtschaftsgesellschaft ohne Rechtspersönlichkeit, informiert derGerichtsvollzieher den Vollstreckungsgläubiger davon, dass er an Stelle des schuldnerischenGesellschafters das ordentliche Kündigungsrecht ausüben kann. Nachdem derVollstreckungsgläubiger dem Gerichtsvollzieher seine Kündigungserklärung übergeben hat,schickt der Gerichtsvollzieher diese an die Wirtschaftsgesellschaft und pfändet gleichzeitigdie infolge der Auflösung des Gesellschafterverhältnisses bestehende Forderung desSchuldners gegen die Gesellschaft (§§ 110 bis 113). (Paragraph 132/A, Absatz (1). Gemässder Regelungen kann festgestellt werden, dass einmal das Vermögen derWirtschaftgesellschaften, ein andermal das Vermögen der Wirtschaftgesellschaften ohneRechtspersönlichkeit den Gegenstand der Regelung bildet. Die Schwierigkeiten der Judikatur entstehen im Zusammenhang mit dem Auslegung desGesetzes betreffend den „Vermögensanteil” der Aktiengesellshaften und GmbH, da in diesenGesellschaften die Aktien und die Geschäftsanteile die Gesellschaftsbeteiligung verkörpern.Im Rechtspraxis nimmt der Vollzieher nicht die Aktien oder die Geschäftsanteile in Beschlag,sondern den Vermögensanteile. So kann die Vollstreckung ohne Aktien durchgeführt werden.Die Vollzieher und die Gerichte verstehen auch die Aktien und Geschäfttsanteile unterVermögenssanteile. Diese Interpretation folgt aber aus der Regelungen des Gesetzes nicht.Der Artikel analysiert, warum die Judikatur contra legem Rechtspraxis bildet und stelltverschiedene Vorschläge an den Gesetzgeber.
szennyező fizet elvének megjelenése a magyar polgári jogban, különös tekintettel a veszélyes üzemi felelősség kérdéseire
Authors: Sztancs Edit
Published: June 2017

The polluter pays principle is one of the basic principles of international environmental lawmentioned directly firstly only in 1972, however the principle were declared in 1929 in thewell-known Trail Smelter Case. The polluter pays is an economical principle, and in themeaning of this principle the costs of pollution shall be shared between industrial companiesand consumers. Taking into consideration that after applying this principle price of productswill be higher than before, industrial companies shall reduce their pollution in the interest oftheir (and their products’) competitiveness. Seeing the development of the principle in EUlevel, the polluter pays were mentioned first time in the first „programme of action of theEuropean Communities on the environment” adopted in 1973. However it is questionablewhat polluter, pollution, obligation of polluter and costs of pollution mean exactly, and forthis reason this principle cannot be applied automatically.In this study I try to examine how the polluter pays principle works in the Hungarian nationallaw, especially in the Hungarian Civil Code. For this reason I examine the applicability ofArticle 345 of the Hungarian Civil Code („Damages Originating from HazardousOperations”), with special regard to the case-law of the Hungarian civil courts. I also try tointroduce the possibilities and obligations of the public prosecutor in environmental issues.
fellebbezés elintézése a harmadfokú büntetőeljárásban
Authors: Törő Blanka , Háger Tamás
Published: June 2017

The questions of remedy are in close relations with the legal force. The legal force of theclinching decisions represents the final, irreversible decision about the demand of penal law,which decision is a guideline and undeniably binding for all, and cannot be attacked with anordinary appeal.The legal force of other decisions with the capacity to have legal force defines a decisionwhich is final, irreversible, a guideline for all, obligatory (independent of executability) andcannot be attacked with an appeal.Furthermore, there are the decisions with formal legal force, the legal force of which standsonly for not being appealable.A valid decision can only be made about the factual and legal basis of criminal responsibilityby the court that is entitled and obligated to do it, that is, only the court has a right duringcriminal procedure to decide whether there was a crime or not, and if yes, who committed it.In relation to this, the question of material legal force can only regard the constituted chargeand the act in consideration, when the court makes a permanent decision about the demand ofpenal law, in the framework of the substantive judging of the act that became the object ofprosecution.Lodging an appeal on legal grounds shall be governed by the provisions set forth in ChapterXV of the Criminal procedure Act. The judgement of the court of second instance may beappealed at the court of appeal. The appeal against the judgement of the court of secondinstance may involve any of the dispositions therein or exclusively the justification thereof.An appeal may be lodged for legal or factual reasons. An appeal suspends the part of the judgement to become final which is to be reviewed by the court of appeal owing to the appeal.The third remedy is allowed only in cases where the first and second instance decision isabsolutely different in the question of guilty.
Endorois ügy, egy hosszú út eredménye – avagy az afrikai emberi jogvédelmi mechanizmus joggyakorlata és az őslakos népek jogainak védelme
Authors: Marinkás György
Published: June 2017

The aim of the current article is to analyse the protection of indigenous peoples’ rights offered by the African human rights mechanism by introducing the Endorois Welfare Council vs. Kenya case[1] (hereafter: Endorois case). The author briefly introduces the preliminaries of the Endorois case, namely how the African mechanism was established and in doing so, he refers to the achievements of the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (hereafter: Commission) in the field of protecting the rights of the African indigenous peoples, also touching upon the critiques regarding its functioning. Then he briefly introduces why the Ogoni case[2]can be regarded as a milestone concerning the rights of indigenous peoples on the African Continent. In the second part, the author focuses on the Endorois case and analyses it in detail: he introduces both the matters of fact and the legal issues; furthermore he pays attention to the implementation of the decision. Finally, in the third part of the article, the author draws his conclusions based on the above mentioned and makes his recommendations.

The author has the opinion that the African mechanism has followed in the footsteps of the Inter-American System and has interpreted the already existing substantial norms in an evolutiv manner, thus achieving tremendous results in the acknowledgement and protection of indigenous rights. They did so with such success that now the “master” – namely the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights – is quoting the student. It follows from the above mentioned that – according to the firm opinion of the author – the African mechanism worth the attention both present time, both in the future, because new trends regarding indigenous rights could arise from the practice of the African Commission.
Gondolatok az üzletrészek örökléséről
Authors: Dúl János
Published: June 2017

The article focuses on the successions of the business shares which are in the Hungarian limited liability companies. There are several changes because of the new Civil Code that affected this area although we have to examine the former regulation because of the period of validity, too.

The succession law is the area of the law with whom every people has connection at least once in their life. The number of the legacies grows in which business shares can be founded because more and more people are participating in business societies.

The new method of the regulation differs from the previous. The new Hungarian Civil Code (Act V of 2013) consists of not only the “classical” civil law (for example property law, law of contracts) but the family law even the business law. Before this there were two separate laws and because of this situation we have to examine the relation of these laws and their methods of regulations.

Afterwards we study the state of the successors in the Hungarian limited liability companies. It diverges from the other companies because the limited liability companies are transitions between general and limited partnerships and joint-stock companies. There were more ideas how to regulate this company; at the end it has differences but not so significant.
A közigazgatás szervezeti változásai a szabálysértési jog fórumrendszere tükrében
Authors: Árva Zsuzsanna
Published: June 2017

The paper introduces the most recent processes taking place within the Hungarian public administration from a special aspect and follows the system of the authorities of the misdemeanor law from the 19th century to nowadays. It presents the system of the monarchy, the councils and the period after the change of regime. The Constitutional Court with its Resolution no. 63/1997 (XII. 12.) declared the dual nature of offences – being against public administration and bagatelle cases pertaining to criminal law – and although with a different legal reasoning, it prescribed the right of access to court in both cases. The mentioned separation has resulted in conceptual problems exerting their influence to this day, at the same time the majority of authors dealing with this field instead of the majority opinion accepted the concurrent explanation of László Sólyom, to which Constitutional Court Judges János Németh and Tamás Lábady also joined. In 2012, however, several important changes took place simultaneously. The new Act on Offenses shifted towards criminal law while it terminated the right of local governments to regulate offenses. In parallel with this, the Act on Local Governments at the beginning provided an opportunity for the local governments to sanction anti-social behavior which was revoked by the Constitutional Court in the same year. The paper investigates the effect of the decisions of the Constitutional Court and analyzes the opportunities of public administration within the present legal framework to apply sanctions and defines those criteria on the basis of which the legislator could settle the current situation.
egészségügyi ágazati béremelés jogi aspektusai egy gyakorló munkajogász szemével
Authors: Bácsi Mariann
Published: June 2017

My essay analyses the rules of the wage-rise in the Hungarian health service system performed in two stages in 2012 and 2013. The difficulties of applying the rules and the continuous changes in the law are presented from a practical viewpoint.

The personal and material scope of the raise in the health sector was the same circle: higher education institutions and religious institutions performing public mission that provide for in- and out-patient care. The wage-rise affected the employees having service relations with the above mentioned institutes in civil servant and commissionaire positions.

In 2012 altogether86.000 persons benefitted from the raise (67.978 of them were directly involved in the healthcare), and 95.000 persons in 2013. The Act LXXXIV of 2003 distinguishes three groups of employees regarding the continuous and retroactive (ex post facto) raise of wages: doctors, graduates, pharmacists and health workers. In the case of these groups no uniformed wage scale exists, so different rules must be applied.

The retroactive wager is in the case of the doctors depended on their salary, and the continuous rise was realized by a new wage scale. Other graduates and pharmacists gained a fixed rise. The retro active rise of the health workers was also fixed, the continuous wage rise was realized through a new wage scale and it depended whether their legal relation with the employer was established before or after the 1st of the July 2012.

The complicated and frequently inaccurate regulation was corrected by the legislator, when a uniformed wage scale was directed to each group of employees in the September of 2013. A new sectoral wage scale was applied for the doctors and the health workers, and for other graduates and pharmacists the old public wage scale must be applied.

Contrary to the uniformed regulation, there still remained legal institutions where the day/night duty, readiness, shift bonus, overtime must be specified according to the legislations in force on the 30th of June, 2012.

Summing up, the legislator finally prevented the emigration of the highly qualified specialists by the execution of the wage rise in the last two years.
software-rel kapcsolatos alapvető szabályok nemzetközi aspektusból – különös tekintettel a német jogi megoldásokra
Authors: Papp Tekla , Auer Ádám
Published: June 2017

Competion in the field of Informational Techonology influences our everyday life; a competion realized in a global playground, not reduced into a national framework. Joining the discussion around optimal software protection, we introduce some foreign software regulations in our essay from different given aspects, and finally we analyse German legal solutions regarding softwares. Observation of foreign regulations related to softwares and their protection is needed because there are still a lot of unanswered questions around software as a legal instrument. Inadequacy of copyright to serve protection of softwares and the need to create sui generis protection come up in the latest researches. Furthermore, the number of inventions supported by IT and the number of software supported technological solutions increase in our days, and that moves this legal instrument into the field of patent jurisdictions and industrial property. Efficient legal protection is both a tool and a goal in the system, since elaboration and support of genuine ideas are priority interests. According to our opinion, it is not only the task but also the obligation of private law – as the law regulating basic rights of natural persons and legal entities in personal and financial context – to set up proper regulation in this system.
nyilvános gyakorlatbavétel mint újdonságrontó körülmény eredete a magyar szabadalmi jogban
Authors: Papp László
Published: June 2017

It was obvious at the creation of the 37th Act of 1895 on the patent rights of inventions, that the protection of patents is a subjective right based on objective conditions, and in connection to this, the discretionality of both the monarch and any other state organizations. For the purposes of this act, the requirements of petantibility were: novelity; invetnion; susceptible of industrial application. Some of these criteria the article is presented the novelity, especially the case of publicly used. Under the first patent act, any new invetion capebla of being used industrialy can be patented, except medicines, food for men and animals, and chemical products, and if the Goverment opposes, warlike inventions. An invention was new, if it had not been published in print anywhere, or publicly worked, or patented by others in the realm. As a result the study is presented the evolituon of „publicly used” from the first patent act by the end of the second world war.
Felfedezni a fedezetlent? – Körkép hedge fundokban rejlő lehetőségekről és kockázatokról
Authors: Bujtár Zsolt , Kecskés András
Published: June 2017

The first thing that comes to one’s mind about hedge funds is risk taking and excelled level of profitability. However, the operation of hedge funds is a disputed and sometimes contradicted process and market participants often express their doubt about the effects of the phenomenon. Therfore, the role of legal regulation is crucial at this field. Avoiding the effect of the afore mentioned regulations is however still intended by many funds that operate all over the world. This paper intends to offer a deeper insight in to the world of hedge funds and the regulatory background. In light of the 2007-2009 financial crisis the topic seems to be evergreen and the future of hedge funds largely depends on the application of the regulatory reforms based on the recent experiences.
‟LE RITE” (1969) D’INGMAR BERGMAN: L’ACTEUR-COMME-ACTEUR ENTRE L’‟ANAGNORISIS” ET LA FRAGILITÉ DE L’IDENTIFICATION
Authors: CÂMPEAN Alexandra Noemina
Published: June 2017

Ingmar Bergman’s The Rite (1969): the Actor-as-Actor between Anagnorisis and Fragility of Identification. The present paper analyses the strange identification experienced by the Bergmanian actor-as-actor, due to a perpetual memory of the body. We will examine the manner in which the actor who plays the role of the actor passes through a painful and disarticulated identification, originated in August Strindberg’s radiations of the ego (Ausstrahlungen des Ichs). Accordingly, the radiations are not only writings in the first person, but also egotistical discourse; binding the ego on the stage, the playwright’s world becomes not only a psychic experience, but also a diurnal dream lived with the eyes wide open (as in the plays The Road to Damascus and A Dream Play). Therefore, in the film The Rite (Riten, 1969, TV movie), the total and stylized actor enacts the virtue of the crime in order to re-cognize himself; in this context, the achievement of his persona confirms the thorough execution of a murder – that is to say that the actor’s visage foreshadows the melancholic soleil noir of the Universal tragedy.
A REFLECTION UPON “WALDEN”: ECOLOGICAL AND MORAL CONSCIOUSNESS IN A NEW LIGHT
Authors: SIMION Radu
Published: June 2017

In this article, I do not intend to make a review on the work of the American transcendentalist but, rather, to capture different aspects of the subjective self through which a moral and ecological core is formed. The practical importance of my work is obvious, since nowadays there is no environmental ethics article in which there can’t be found, at least once, references to the exacerbation of the Anthropocene era, to nature deficit disorder (a term invented by Richard Louv in his brilliant book, Last Child in the Woods), nature knowledge deficit, alienation, a culture of control and the will of domination. The lifestyle proposed by David Thoreau can be taken into consideration as a model for what we call a good and flourishing life, a virtuous life connected to natural surroundings. In fact, Walden, or Life in the Woods is about the love for nature seen as a sign of self-love. Having assumed his madness, a brave plunge into a space of beauty and uncertainties, of purity and honesty, Thoreau dares to dream big, to explore a world of removal from a mechanical society, to enter a space of lucidity and personal development. Next, I will explain in detail my view on the multiple meanings that Thoreau catches during his residence in the cabin from the shore of the Walden Lake near Concord, Massachusetts. For the beginning, I propose an imaginative drift, in which we could transpose ourselves, even if only for a few minutes, in a natural universe similar with the one Thoreau describes in his book. Otherwise, the incursion in the moral space of the ethics of care that dominates Thoreau’s experience will be a simple, empty theoretical construct, lacking in colour and flavour.
Az „Oxford Group mozgalom” recepciója a királyhágómelléki sajtóban. Adalékok a KRE történetéhez
Authors: PÁLFI József
Published: June 2017

Reception of the Oxford Group movement in the Királyhágómellék media. Contributions to the KRE history.
The interwar period brought multiple challenges at every level to the newly formed Királyhágómellék Reformed Church District. After World War I, the district faced challenges to fill a given frame with a proper content. Establishing church in-stitutions on various levels and structuring internal mission were of highest priori-ties. The Oxford Group came as a new internal mission element to revitalise the Church, besides traditional approaches. However, the promoter of the organization failed to provide the Group a wider recognition. This study reveals the background of his efforts.
Néhány adat a történelmi Dési, Széki és a Görgényi református egyházmegyék orgonáiról
Authors: SIPOS Dávid
Published: June 2017

A Few Curiosities About The History of The Organs in The Historical Reformed Dioceses of Dej, Sic and Gurghiu.
During our research between 2010-2015 in the above mentioned Reformed Dio-ceses we found a quite large number of curiosities about the history of the organs in the churches of these dioceses. In many cases we could set the mismatching data rights, we found information about organ builders, dates of construction etc. Alt-hough the most interesting part of this research is the repertoire of the organs, we would not recommend for every day reading: the reader can be put to sleep by the flow of the information. But it is worth for the reader to get acquainted with a few of these curiosities, interesting stories about a few organs in these three dioceses. In the following pages we will present a few interesting details about the organs in Dej (Dés), Ocna Dej (Désakna), Dămăcușeni (Domokos), Chiochiș (Kékes), Vaida Cămăraș (Vajdakamarás), Suseni - Filipișu Mic (Marosfelfalu - Kisfülpös), Brân-covenești (Marosvécs).
A kolozsvári Református Teológiai Fakultás könyvtárának iratgyűjteményéről
Authors: SIPOS Gábor
Published: June 2017

The Collection of Documents at the Protestant Theological Faculty from Cluj/Kolozsvár.
After 1895, documents of archival character got to the library of the Protestant Theological Faculty. Papers of pastors were filed here with the intention of maintenance, dioceses and parishes also transferred old documents. Writings taken away from the archive of Supremum Consistorium on purpose to carry on research work got here, too. A part of the Sombori family’s records was filed here in 1940. The collection comprising 449 papers dating from the 16 ᵗʰ–20 ᵗʰ centuries was docketed by Nagy Géza, professor of theology in 1951, who arranged the documents according to chronological order. In 1979 the collection rolled in The Archive of the Transylvanian Protestant Church District, in the course of its classification we have sorted the papers according to provenance, the writings loaned were put back to their original places.
Amikor (kollektív) bűn volt magyarnak lenni a Felvidéken. A kassai kormányprogram és a Beneš-dekrétumok ismertetése és hatása a Szlovákiai Református Keresztyén Egyház életére az 1945–48 közötti években
Authors: SOMOGYI Alfréd
Published: June 2017

When it Was a Sin to Be Hungarian in Slovakia.
After the second world war, the plan was to create a nation-state from the renewed Czechoslovakia. The head of the state, Edvard Beneš’s intention was, to make the Germans and Hungarians, living in the country, disappear. He blamed these two nations, and the German and Hungarian minorities living in Czechoslovakia for the collapse of the country in 1938. The creation of a nation-state was supported by the Great Powers. In 1945, the Red Army liberated the former territories of Czech-oslovakia and in the absence of a central government, Edward Beneš started to rule by issuing presidential decrees. He issued 143 decrees, amongst them those pro-claiming the collective war crime of Germans and Hungarians, loss of their citizen-ship, confiscation of their properties, and it sent them to forced labour. This started their expulsion from their homeland. Hungarians were deported to Czech territory, then expelled to Hungary, finally forcefully resettled to Hungary in exchange for Slovaks living in Hungary. The plan was to "shift" 400.000 Hungarians to Hungary. In the end, 90.000 people were deported, out of them 50.000 of reformed religion. This paper deals with the effects of the deportations, resettlements from the re-formed church’s point of view.
M-Learning: The New Horizon of Learning at SQU
Authors: Al-Khanjari Z. , Al-Kindi K. , Al-Zidi A. , Baghdadi Y.
Published: June 2017

M-learning extends the theory and practice of learning and mobility in converging technological environments. Developing a smart course in order to improve the standard of education at Sultan Qaboos University (SQU) is one of the main aims of the current authors. This proposal requires developing innovative applications for ubiquitous, mobile technologies for learning. This kind of development covers new educational and technological methods and concepts for supporting formal and informal learning. SQU is currently using Moodle as the open source e-learning management system to support and enhance traditional learning. Although elearning in SQU has proven its importance in enhancing traditional learning, it is limited to areas and locations where a personal computer exists. This constraint is a burden to many e-learning users who are staff or students, especially if they live in rural areas of Oman. To overcome this drawback, an investigative survey of the importance of m-learning was designed and distributed to SQU students. The results showed that almost all students favored and supported the idea and requested the implementation of a m-learning application. As a step forward, this paper proposes an extension for e-learning—a new m-learning tool to support learners who use mobile device technologies. Our goal in introducing m-learning at SQU is not to replace e-learning but to complement and improve it so both modalities are available, since each grants certain advantages to users.
Performance Analysis of a Multiple Micro-Jet Impingements Cooling Model
Authors: Husain A. , Al-Azri N.A. , Samad A. , Kim K.Y.
Published: June 2017

The present study investigates the thermal performance of a multiple micro-jet impingements model for electronics cooling. The fluid flow and heat transport characteristics were investigated for steady incompressible laminar flow by solving three-dimensional (3D) Navier-Stokes equations. Several parallel and staggered micro-jet configurations (ie. inline 2 Å~ 2, 3 Å~ 3 and 4 Å~ 4 jets, and staggered five-jet and 13-jet arrays with the jet diameter to the channel height ratios from 0.25–0.5) were analyzed at various flow rates for the maximum temperature rise, pressure drop, heat-transfer coefficient, thermal resistance, and pumping power characteristics. The parametric investigation was carried out based on the number of jets and the jet diameters at various mass flow rates and jet Reynolds numbers. Temperature uniformity and coefficient of performance were evaluated to find out the trade-off among the various designs investigated in the present study. The maximum temperature rise and the pressure drop decreased with an increase in the number of jets except in the case of staggered five-jet array. A higher temperature uniformity was observed at higher flow rates with a decrease in the coefficient of performance. The performance parameters, such as thermal resistance and pumping power, showed a conflicting nature with respect to design variables (viz. jet diameter to stand-off ratio and interjet spacing or number of jets) at various Reynolds numbers within the laminar regime.
Quantitative Analysis of Force and Torque in Bone Drilling
Authors: Alam K. , Muhammad R. , Shamsuzzoha A. , AlYahmadi A. , Ahmed N.
Published: June 2017

Bone drilling is an important and the most frequent operation in orthopaedics and other bone surgical procedures. Prediction and control of drilling force and torque are critical to safe and efficient surgeries. This paper studies the drilling force and torque arising from bone drilling process. Drilling parameters such as drilling speed, feed rate, drill size and drill condition (sharp and worn) were changed to measure the force and torque in the direction of the drill penetration. Experimental results demonstrated lower drilling force using a sharp drill compared to a worn drill for similar drilling conditions. Contrary to the drilling force, lower torque was measured using a worn drill compared to a sharp drill. The drilling force was found to decrease with increase in drill speed and increased with rise in the feed rate using both types of drills. A linear drop in drilling torque was measured with increase in drilling speed. This study provided scientific information to orthopaedic surgeons and technicians to use appropriate surgical drill and cutting parameters to avoid overstressing of the bone tissue and drill breakage during drilling operations.
Adaptive Compensator of Single State Elastoplastic Friction Model
Authors: Abouelsoud A. A. , Abdo J. , Zaier R.
Published: June 2017

A nonlinear friction is an unavoidable phenomenon frequently experienced in mechanical system between two contact surfaces. An adaptive compensator is designed to achieve tracking of a desired velocity trajectory in the presence of friction force described by a single state elastoplastic friction model. The adaptive compensator includes an adaptive observer and a computed force controller. The closed loop system is shown to be stable using Lyapunov second method. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed compensator.
Performance of Porous Breakwaters: Application of the BOUSS-2D Model
Authors: Balaji R
Published: June 2017

The hydrodynamic performance of porous breakwaters was studied by numerical analysis to assess reflection and transmission characteristics. The finite-difference method on BOUSS-2D was used to test the efficiency of porous breakwaters. The effects of porosity on reflection and transmission characteristics under the action of regular waves were investigated. The wave elevation time histories obtained from the numerical study were compared to those measured during an experimental study, on the leeward and seaward sides of the porous breakwater and were found to be in close agreement. The reflection coefficient increases, whereas the transmission coefficient decreases with a decrease in the porosity. A model with a porosity of 5.9% showed a maximum reflection coefficient of about 0.7 and a minimum transmission coefficient of 0.3. The details of the numerical method, physical model, model setup and results are discussed in this paper.
Development of Stand Alone Application Tool for Processing and Quality Measurement of Weld Imperfection Image Captured by μ-Focused Digital Radiography Using MATLAB- Based Graphical User Interface
Authors: Nadila PZ , Manurung YHP , Halim SA , Abas SK , Tham G , Haruman E , Mokhtar M , Awaldin Z
Published: June 2017

Digital radiography incresingly is being applied in the fabrication industry. Compared to film- based radiography, digitally radiographed images can be acquired with less time and fewer exposures. However, noises can simply occur on the digital image resulting in a low-quality result. Due to this and the system’s complexity, parameters’ sensitivity, and environmental effects, the results can be difficult to interpret, even for a radiographer. Therefore, the need of an application tool to improve and evaluate the image is becoming urgent. In this research, a user-friendly tool for image processing and image quality measurement was developed. The resulting tool contains important components needed by radiograph inspectors in analyzing defects and recording the results. This tool was written by using image processing and the graphical user interface development environment and compiler (GUIDE) toolbox available in Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB) R2008a. In image processing methods, contrast adjustment, and noise removal, edge detection was applied. In image quality measurement methods, mean square error (MSE), peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), modulation transfer function (MTF), normalized signal-to-noise ratio (SNRnorm), sensitivity and unsharpness were used to measure the image quality. The graphical user interface (GUI) wass then compiled to build a Windows, stand-alone application that enables this tool to be executed independently without the installation of MATLAB.
Metodología: reflexión y creatividad frente a las recetas
Authors: Mora Nawrath Héctor
Published: June 2017

Presentación
Implementación y análisis de una experiencia de flipped classroom en Educación Musical
Authors: Parra Giménez Francisco Jesús , Gutiérrez Porlán Isabel
Published: June 2017

Con el avance tecnológico y su integración en los procesos de enseñanza - aprendizaje en los centros educativos, aparecen nuevas metodologías apoyadas en las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC de aquí en adelante), entre la que se encuentra flipped classroom o aula invertida. Nuevos escenarios de enseñanza y aprendizaje que, con el apoyo de las TIC, permiten una educación centrada en el alumnado y una educación acorde con la sociedad actual.La metodología de trabajo flipped classroom permite enseñar a los alumnos con las herramientas telemáticas que forman parte de su realidad más próxima y entre las que están creciendo.Por ello, con este artículo se pretende dar a conocer los resultados de una experiencia de innovación docente basada en la metodología flipped classroom en el área de Educación Musical, con alumnado de 4º curso de Educación Primaria.Tras el diseño y puesta en práctica de la unidad didáctica “Célebres compositores”, se han obtenido una serie de resultados a través de diversas técnicas e instrumentos de recogida de información, como son los cuestionarios y la ficha de observación, que han permitido una evaluación positiva de dicha experiencia, así como comprobar que la metodología flipped classroom resulta interesante para futuras investigaciones y estudios en Educación Primaria.A continuación, se exponen los datos más relevantes y los resultados obtenidos de dicha experiencia.
ANALISA DAN OPTIMASI SISTEM PLTGU BIOMASSA GAS METAN DENGAN DAYA 20 MW
Authors: Rahardja Istianto Budhi , Paryatmo Wibowo
Published: June 2017

Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Biomassa adalah  pembangkit yang mempergunakan biomassa (sampah) dalam membentuk energi termal yang akan dipergunakan untuk menggerakan energi potensial pada sistem pembangkit listrik. Pada proses pembangkit ini mempergunakan  sistem kombinasi (Combined Cycle), yaitu Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (siklus Rankine) dan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Gas (siklus Brayton). Proses Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Gas – Uap (PLTGU) membutuhkan energi panas yang diproses dari sampah  organik sehingga menjadi gas metan untuk dipergunakan menaikkan temperatur udara di dalam ruang bakar, sehingga mempunyai tekanan yang tinggi untuk mendorong/menggerakkan turbin gas dan bekas hasil kinerja turbin gas dimanfaatkan untuk pembakaran air menjadi uap di ruang ketel uap (Heat Recovery Steam Gas), sehingga mempunyai tekanan yang mampu untuk mendorong turbin uap. Penggabungan antara turbin gas dan turbin uap adalah pengembangan di dalam proses pembangkit listrik, dimana dengan melakukan penggabungan siklus (Combine Cycle) memperoleh effesiensi yang lebih tinggi sebesar (58.19%) dengan dibandingkan dengan siklus turbin uap (25.88%) serta siklus turbin gas (30.1887%) yang berdiri sendiri.
Comparison of the effects of Craseonycteris thonglongyai (bumblebee bat) droppings and synthetic fertilizer on some phytotoxins in the leaf of Amaranthus cruentus
Authors: Musa A. , Agaie H. A. , Kumar N. , Ogbiko C.
Published: June 2017

Leafy vegetables such as Amaranthus cruentus form important part of diet because they provide valuable nutrients for maintenance of good health and prevention of some diseases. Despite these enormous nutritional benefits, they may accumulate toxic substances that could have negative effects on health at high concentrations. The concentrations of these plant toxins could be influenced by the soil nutrient compositions. It is against this background that pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Craseonycteris thonglongyai droppings and chemical fertilizer on the concentrations of some phytotoxins (phytate, oxalate, cyanide and nitrate) in A. cruentus. The leaves of A. cruentus were harvested at maturity and were subjected to standard chemical analysis. The oxalate and phytate contents were determined by titrimetric method while cyanide and nitrate were evaluated by colourimetric method. The results showed that the application of both C. thonlongyai droppings and synthetic fertilizer significantly (p < 0.05) increased the nitrate content in the vegetable, however, the nitrate content in the vegetable treated with C. thonlongyai droppings was significantly lower when compared with the one fertilized with synthetic fertilizer. Similarly, application of C. thonlongyai droppings and chemical fertilizer has no significant effect on oxalate and phytate contents in A. cruentus except that the concentration of oxalate decreased significantly (p<0.05) with the application of C. thonglongyai droppings. Whereas chemical fertilizer has no significantly effect on the concentration of cyanide in the leaves of A. cruentus, its concentration decreased significantly with application of C. thonglongyai droppings. The study concludes that application of C. thonglongyai droppings decreased the bioaccumulation of some phytotoxins in the leaf of A. cruentus and improves its nutritional quality compared with the synthetic fertilizer
Imputing consumption from Norwegian income and wealth registry data
Authors: Fagereng Andreas , Halvorsen Elin
Published: June 2017

This paper proposes a method for computing a unique longitudinal consumption measure for the total population of Norwegian households from administrative records, covering a period of almost 20 years. Administrative data has the advantage of full population coverage, avoiding problems with attrition or underrepresentation of high-income households. This is particularly useful for improving the measurement of heterogeneity in consumption behavior, and for measuring consumption distribution and inequality. Furthermore, longitudinal micro data with full population coverage provides unique opportunities to explore the underlying developments in aggregate consumption measures over time.
The improved differential demon algorithm
Authors: Yang Jinzhu , Deng Meili , Cao Peng , Tan Wenjun , Sun Qi , Lu Lin , Zhao Dazhe
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUND:

Differential demon is a fast and efficient registration algorithm. It drives the floating image to deform using the force based on the gradient between the reference and floating image. But it will cause abnormal deformation when the driving force approaches zero,which limits its practical applications.

OBJECTIVE:

This paper proposed an improved differential demon algorithm, which aimed to enhance the registration performance of the existing demon algorithm.

METHODS:

Firstly, we review the original differential demon algorithm. Then, we propose an improved differential demon algorithm and the process of mathematical deduction. Finally, we use experiment to prove that the improved differential demon algorithm is effective and it can improve the accuracy of registration.

RESULTS:

We tested our method on data sets provided by Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University. The registration performance proved to be better than the original demon algorithm in terms of mutual information, normalized correlation coefficient, mean square error and iteration number.

CONCLUSIONS:

Experiment results demonstrate the superiority of method proposed in this paper to the original demon algorithm.
Experimental Study and Numerical Simulation of a Laminated Reinforced Concrete Shear Wall with a Vertical Seam
Authors: Li Jianbao , Wang Yan , Lu Zheng , Li Junzuo
Published: June 2017

In this paper, 12 laminated reinforced concrete shear walls are designed for cyclic loading tests. Seismic performance of laminated reinforced concrete shear walls with vertical seams are evaluated by the failure mode, deformability, hysteresis curve, stiffness degradation, and energy dissipation capacity. In addition, two different construction measures and construction techniques are designed to study their influence on the wall behavior, which provides a reference for the construction of laminated reinforced concrete shear walls. The numerical simulation of the specimen is carried out with ABAQUS, which is in good agreement with the experimental results. These results provide a technical basis for the design, application, and construction of the laminated reinforced concrete shear wall structure.
The Bistable Behaviour of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 during PHA Depolymerization under Carbon Limitation
Authors: Karmann Stephanie , Panke Sven , Zinn Manfred
Published: June 2017

Poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) are bacterial polyesters offering a biodegradable alternative to petrochemical plastics. The intracellular formation and degradation of PHAs is a dynamic process that strongly depends on the availability of carbon and other nutrients. Carbon excess and nitrogen limitation are considered to favor PHA accumulation, whereas carbon limitation triggers PHA depolymerization when all other essential nutrients are present in excess. We studied the population dynamics of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 at the single cell level during different physiological conditions, favoring first PHA polymerization during growth on octanoic acid, and then PHA depolymerization during carbon limitation. PHAs accumulate intracellularly in granules, and were proposed to separate preferentially together with nucleic acids, leading to two daughter cells containing approximately equal amounts of PHA. However, we could show that such P. putida KT2440 cells show bistable behavior when exposed to carbon limitation, and separate into two subpopulations: one with high and one with low PHA. This suggests an asymmetric PHA distribution during cell division under carbon limitation, which has a significant influence on our understanding of PHA mobilization.
A Theoretical Insight into Enhanced Catalytic Activity of Au by Multiple Twin Nanoparticles
Authors: Sawabe Kyoichi , Koketsu Taiki , Ohyama Junya , Satsuma Atsushi
Published: June 2017

Recently, it has been reported that the morphology of Au nanoparticles (NPs) affects the catalytic activity of CO oxidation; twin crystal NPs show higher activity for CO oxidation than single-crystal NPs. In this study, density functional calculations have been carried out to investigate the morphology effect of Au NPs using CO as a probe molecule. In the case of Au NPs with a size of more than 2 nm, CO adsorption energy on the Au NPs is mainly determined by a coordination number (CN) of adsorption sites. CO binding to a multiple twin NP with a size of about 1 nm is stronger than that on a single-crystal NP with the same size. A simple CN explanation cannot be applied to the enhancement of CO binding to the small multiple twin NP. This enhancement is related to a deformation of the NP structure before and after CO adsorption. It is suggested that the multiple twin NP with a size of less than 1 nm, which shows the deformation upon CO adsorption, contributes to the higher activity for CO oxidation.