bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Time-domain analysis for the scattering of plane elastic waves in half-space with an open trench
Authors: Liang Yuwang , Zhou Fengxi , Cao Xiaolin , Wang Liye , Zhu Shunwang , Zhou Zhixiong
Published: December 2022

In this paper, the scattering and vibration isolation of elastic waves from the open trench are analyzed and discussed in the time domain using the scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM). Based on the theory of soil-structure interaction, the site with an open trench is decomposed into a near-field system and an infinite far-field system. The quadtree domain decomposition technique is employed for SBFEM mesh discretization of the near-field. The far-field is rigorously modeled by the displacement unit impulse response matrix. The obliquely plane elastic wave from the far-field is converted into a traction force acting on the near/far-field boundary. The time-space domain numerical model is established for elastic wave propagation in half-space with an open trench. Finally, through numerical examples to verify the effectiveness of the method of this paper, and parametric analyze the effect law of the incidence angle and the trench depth, etc., on the vibration isolation performance.
Studies on the optimization of decontamination protocol for surfaces contaminated with cytotoxic drugs in PIVAS
Authors: Yuan Zhongzhen , Li Qiaoqiao , Tang Tiantian , Zhang Min , Liu Yu , Liu Ling
Published: December 2022

Purpose

The goal of this study was to create a cleaning procedure by comparing the performance of six different cleaning methods on the surfaces in pharmacy intravenous admixture service (PIVAS) work area.

Method

A stainless steel plate was simulating contaminated by gemcitabine, cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, etoposide, and paclitaxel, which was then dried and cleaned by per current cleaning protocols. The residues were collected and quantified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS). Based on the most appropriate cleaning protocol, three cleaning variables were optimized: (1) use of dry gauze after cleaning agent application; (2) cleaning paths (inside-out vs. outside-in); (3) cleaning times (once or twice). Best conditions were tested with real samples from a hospital PIVAS.

Results

This 10–2 M sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and dry gauze cleaning protocol increases cleaning efficiency as well as saves time. Different from the traditional cleaning manner, we found that cleaning from outside to inside can not only improve the cleaning efficiency but also overcome the uneven distribution of drug residues caused by cleaning action. When simulating contamination at a high dose (4 mg/mL) level, it was found that the decontamination efficacy increased with repeating one more time.

Conclusion

The 10–2 M SDS and dry gauze cleaning protocol could obtain the best cleaning effect. The success of cytotoxic drug decontamination is determined not only by the cleaning solution, but also by the cleaning route and frequency. Compared with the traditional cleaning manner, there was a significant reduction in the contamination levels in the PIVAS work area after the cleaning protocol with 10–2 M SDS and dry gauze.
Etoposide hypersensitivity reactions associated with in-line filter use: A retrospective cohort study at CHU de Québec-Université Laval
Authors: Dodier Kelly , Laverdière Isabelle , Roy Marie-Julie
Published: December 2022

Introduction

A case series of hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) during intravenous administration of etoposide was observed following the introduction of in-line filters (ILFs) at a specialized university-affiliated center. This raised questions about the possible involvement of filters in these reactions. Despite there being very little published evidence to inform clinical decision making in this potentially clinically significant situation, the use of ILFs was discontinued at this center pending further investigation. The aims of this study were to evaluate the cumulative incidence of etoposide-related HSR with and without the use of ILF and to describe the reactions in adult and pediatric patients with cancer.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was performed among all pediatric and adult patients treated with intravenous etoposide at a maximal concentration of 0.4 mg/mL at our center between 30 September 2015 and 16 August 2018. This covered periods of time during which ILFs were used, as well as 6 months before their implementation and after their withdrawal. Data were extracted from medical records and cumulative incidence was calculated for each of the time periods (pre-ILF, ILF, and post-ILF) as the proportion of patients who recorded an HSR (one or more). Confidence intervals were calculated for each proportion using Fisher's Exact 95%. Comparisons of proportions between time periods were performed using Exact Pearson Chi-squared tests. Data were stratified by a number of perfusion cycles (single cycle or multiple cycles) and by patient population (adult and pediatric).

Results

A total of 284 patients were included in the study. The overall cumulative incidence of etoposide HSR was 9.9%. The cumulative incidence of HSR tended to be higher during ILF use when compared with combined pre- and post-ILF periods (12.2% [95% CI: 7.9–17.8] vs. 5.2% [95% CI: 1.7–11.7], p  =  0.09). In patients who received multiple cycles of etoposide, the cumulative incidence of HSRs was higher during ILF use when compared with combined pre- and post-ILF periods (15.0% [95% CI: 9.6–21.8] vs. 3.9% [95% CI: 0.8–11.0], p  =  0.01). The majority of HSRs' maximal severity were grade 1 or 2 (85.7%) according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events ( CTCAE) version 4.0.

Conclusions

This study suggests a link between the use of ILFs and increased incidence of HSR during etoposide perfusion.
Human Health Risk Assessment due to Heavy Metals in Ground and Surface Water and Association of Diseases With Drinking Water Sources: A Study From Maharashtra, India
Authors: Mawari Govind , Kumar Naresh , Sarkar Sayan , Frank Arthur L , Daga Mradul Kumar , Singh Mongjam Meghachandra , Joshi Tushar Kant , Singh Ishwar
Published: December 2022

Background:

Contamination of freshwater sources can be caused by both anthropogenic and natural processes. According to Central Pollution Control Board, Maharashtra along with 2 other states, contribute 80% of hazardous waste generated in India, including heavy metal pollution. Hence, it is important to quantify heavy metal concentrations in drinking water sources in such areas.

Materials and methods:

Water samples were analyzed for toxic elements (F, As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Cr) using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) Agilent 7500. Health risks due to ingestion and dermal contact was assessed. A total of 557 people were randomly selected, with consumers from all 4 types of water sources that is surface water, hand pump, wells, and municipal water. Spot urine samples were collected from 47 people after considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Urine was collected for estimating mercury and arsenic levels in the study participants.

Results:

Arsenic contributes the most health risk from ingestion from water. Among surface water users, 14 people (32%) reported frequent loose stool ( P-value < .05) (OR 2.5), and 11 people (23%) reported frequent abdominal pain (OR 1.9). Hand pump and well water users reported frequent abdominal pain (27%) (OR 1.4) and gastric discomfort (31%) ( P-value < .05) (OR 3) respectively. The mean value of urinary Hg and As were 4.91 ± 0.280 and 42.04 ± 2.635 µg/L respectively.

Conclusion:

Frequent loose stool, gastric discomfort, and frequent abdominal pain were associated with the various sources of drinking water. Urine Hg levels were found higher than the NHANES (USA) Survey. It is recommended that frequent monitoring of drinking water should be enforced around the industrial hub, so that appropriate actions can be taken if present in excess.
The psychological aspects within the Yogyakartan Bedhaya: An exploratory study on royal court dancers
Authors: Supriyadi Matheus Raoul , Rahapsari Satwika
Published: December 2022

As a classical art form reserved only for the Yogyakartan royalty from the 18th to the 20th century, the Bedhaya does not simply serve as entertainment for its audiences. It is the epitome of Javanese meditation. This study aims to explore the experiences of court dancers regarding the Bedhaya to ultimately identify what psychological aspects are involved in the formation of their experiences. We used Moustakas’ qualitative phenomenology as the basis of this whole research, in combination with movement elicitation procedures to condition the participants prior to the data collection process. Consequently, we interviewed four Bedhaya dancers from various generations who were trained within the royal court of Yogyakarta. We analyzed the results using Moustakas’ modification of the Stevick–Colaizzi–Keen method. The results yielded five themes, which are the essence of the experiences of Bedhaya dancers and were then elaborated further using psychological concepts that may serve as a starting point for further psychological research on the subject.
Wounded men of feminism: Exploring regimes of male victimhood in the Spanish manosphere
Authors: García Mingo Elisa , Díaz Fernández Silvia
Published: December 2022

The manosphere has become a popular digital social object of research and a growing academic corpus aims to make sense of online masculinist subcultures and the rise in misogynistic discourses in digital environments. In this article, we focus on the idea of male victimhood and the ways it is articulated and reworked to serve specific masculinist interests. We believe the narrative of male victimhood is being used to justify misogynistic claims and to ground a specific antifeminist strategy oriented towards a political dismantling of feminism. Our findings are the result of a multiplatform digital ethnography conducted in the Spanish manosphere including participant observation of a variety of subcultures in diverse platforms, blogs and websites. We conclude that within the Spanish manosphere, there is a regime of male victimhood. Building on Fazili’s categorisation of victimhood claims as experience, stance and self-presentation, we operationalize them as a conceptual framework in this article to analyse how they are taken up in the manospheric context in a way that works to configure the regimes of male victimhood which, in turn, helps disseminate pain in the platform. Finally, following Chouliaraki, we present an analysis of the four main argumentative mechanisms we have identified through which victimhood is claimed in the Spanish manosphere: (1) separation of victimhood from structural reality; (2) separation of victimhood from its context; (3) inversion of the roles of victim and perpetrator and (4) dismantling of the binary sufferer/perpetrator.
The analysis for the dynamic pull-in of a micro-electromechanical system
Authors: Feng Guang-Qing , Niu Jing-Yan
Published: December 2022

The pull-in behavior is an inherent property of the micro-electromechanical oscillator. The bisection method and an iterative method are introduced to find its pull-in voltage, and the main factors affecting the pull-in voltage are elucidated. The simple and efficient operability is demonstrated through theoretical analysis and result comparison.
Mondor’s disease in a patient with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Desai Vandit , Sajjana Gurubasava , Kakadiya Rinkalben , Jena Anuraag , Gupta Pankaj , Sharma Vishal
Published: December 2022

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is recognised to be a prothrombotic state and an increased risk of venous thrombosis has been documented with IBD. However, reports of superficial venous thrombosis are less common, and there is a degree of uncertainty in the appropriate management of such patients. We report about a 55-year-old lady who presented with a flare of ulcerative colitis when cyclosporine (started for a previous episode of acute severe ulcerative colitis) was stopped. This flare was associated with the appearance of cord-like structures on the right lateral abdominal wall, which were confirmed to be thrombosed veins consistent with Mondor’s disease. The patient did not have additional predisposing factors and carcinoma breast was excluded.
Conspiracism and Civility
Authors: Bonotti Matteo , Zech Steven T
Published: December 2022

Conspiracism has become a topical issue in democracies around the world, eliciting debate in political theory and philosophy regarding its normative and practical implications, especially its potential negative effects on democratic systems. In this article, we analyse conspiracism through the lens of civility. The public virtue of civility plays a key role in democratic politics and in public life more generally, by helping to sustain democratic institutions and facilitating social interaction despite disagreement. If conspiracism undermines civility and contributes to incivility, as we argue in this article, that might have distinctively deleterious effects on democratic life. We begin by unpacking the concept of civility into three key dimensions: (a) civility as politeness, (b) moral civility and (c) justificatory civility. We then illustrate how conspiracism can contribute to incivility and harm democracy in each of the three dimensions but also how it can sometimes be harmless or even helpful for democracy.
Impact of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy on Treatment Decision and Survival in Patients Aged ≥70 Years with Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Gu Chongshan , Chen Xue , Wang Lize , He Yingjian , Ouyang Tao , Li Jinfeng , Wang Tianfeng , Fan Tie , Fan Zhaoqing
Published: December 2022

Background: Whether sentinel lymph node biopsy should be performed in patients ≥70 years old with early-stage invasive breast cancer is controversial. We examined the effect of sentinel lymph node biopsy on the treatment and outcomes in this population. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, patients aged ≥70 years who were treated for invasive breast cancer with sentinel lymph node biopsy followed by mastectomy or lumpectomy between 2010 and 2019 were identified from our database. Patients were compared according to sentinel lymph node status. Outcomes were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox multivariate analysis. Results: Of the 376 patients enrolled in this study, 311 (82.7%) were sentinel lymph node-negative and 65 (17.3%) were sentinel lymph node-positive. The median follow-up duration for all patients was 70 months. Systemic treatment and radiation were similar between sentinel lymph node-negative and -positive groups. Disease-free survival, distant disease-free survival, breast cancer-specific survival, overall survival were not significantly different between groups (88.2% vs 87.6%, 96.7% vs 94.8%, 96.2% vs 93.6%, and 93.5% vs 90.0%, respectively). Sentinel lymph node status, tumor size, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, and adjuvant radiation were included in Cox multivariate analysis. None of the variables were found to significantly affect disease-free survival, distant disease-free survival, breast cancer-specific survival, and overall survival. Conclusions: Our analysis indicated that sentinel lymph node status may not affect systemic treatment decisions or survival in patients aged ≥70 years with breast cancer.
Trends in the Surgical Management of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Authors: Issa Tariq Z. , Lin Jasmine S. , Herrera Fernando , Mailey Brian
Published: December 2022

Background:

The operative treatment for thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) varies in the United States. This may be due to differences in specialty training of the provider. We sought to identify which procedures are primarily performed by specialty, identify patient characteristics presenting for different neurogenic TOS surgical interventions, and describe the safety of TOS surgery.

Methods:

Patients treated for neurogenic TOS between 2016 and 2018 were identified from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP). Patient characteristics, surgeon details, intraoperative variables, and complication outcomes were abstracted. Patient cohorts were stratified by type of operative intervention and by treating specialty.

Results:

Transthoracic first rib resection was the most common procedure performed for TOS relief (46.1%), followed by division of the scalene muscles with rib resection (23.9%) and brachial plexus exploration with decompression (19.4%). Vascular surgeons performed 87% of TOS repairs. Thirty-day complication rate was 3.5%. Addition of scalenectomy to first rib resection was common and resulted in increased operative time but did not increase early complication rate or readmission rate.

Conclusion:

Patient characteristics and dispositions are similar between the various TOS operative approaches. All major surgical treatments for TOS have low complication rates. Transthoracic first rib resection performed by vascular surgeons remains the most common surgical treatment for patients with TOS in the United States. Despite neurogenic symptoms representing most cases, less than 10% of operations are performed by peripheral nerve specialists, highlighting a potential need for greater incorporation of TOS release into peripheral nerve practices.
Pain Control and Satisfaction With Peripheral Nerve Blocks for Upper Extremity Surgery
Authors: Wu Caroline M. , Gary Cyril S. , Karim Kristin E. , Sanghavi Kavya K. , Murphy Michael S. , Hobelmann J. Todd , Giladi Aviram M.
Published: December 2022

Background:

Regional anesthesia (“block”) is an important component of upper extremity (UE) surgery pain control. However, little is known about patient experience related to perioperative opioid use. This study assessed patient-reported pain control and satisfaction with UE blocks and evaluated how opioid consumption impacted these outcomes before the block “wore off.”

Methods:

A postoperative phone survey was administered to patients who underwent outpatient UE surgery at a surgery center for more than 16 months. It assessed pain scores (scale 1-10), satisfaction with block duration (scale 1-5), duration until return of UE function, and opioid consumption. Analyses used Mann-Whitney U tests, Fisher exact tests, and bivariate and multivariable linear and ordered logistic regressions to understand relationships between opioid use and outcomes.

Results:

A total of 509 patients (61%) completed the survey, and 441 (88%) were satisfied with block duration. Initial and final pain scores were significantly higher in patients who took opioids prior to the block wearing off (6 and 4.5, P = .04 and 3.5 and 2, P = .002, respectively). Although satisfaction with block duration was not different in group comparisons (ie, patients who premedicated vs those who did not), in a multivariable analysis, patients who premedicated with opioids had 78% increased odds of reporting the highest level of satisfaction compared with the lower 4 levels ( P = .03).

Conclusions:

Upper extremity blocks are associated with high overall patient satisfaction and postsurgical pain control. Premedicating before the block wears off may increase patient satisfaction with block duration even if pain is not notably impacted.
Reducible amino acid based cationic lipids with a naphthalimide moiety as non-viral gene vehicles
Authors: Wang Jian , Wang Deyu , Du Ting-Ting , Yi Wen-Jing , Liu Qiang
Published: December 2022

Three basic amino acid–based cationic lipids bearing a fluorescent naphthalimide moiety and a reducible disulfide linkage are synthesized and applied as non-viral gene vehicles. Their DNA interactions are investigated by agarose-gel retardant and ethidium bromide replacement assays. The sizes and zeta potentials of the liposome/DNA complexes are measured by dynamic light scattering. The cytotoxicities of the liposome/DNA complexes are examined using HeLa and 7702 cell lines by MTT assays. The glutathione-responsive DNA release process is studied through time-dependent fluorescence assays. Luciferase gene expression showed the transfection efficiency of the liposome is dramatically increased in the presence of 10% serum. Confocal laser scanning microscopy studies corroborated that the liposome/DNA complexes are successfully uptaken into HeLa cells. These results demonstrate the promising use of amino acids and naphthalimide-containing lipids for safe and efficient gene delivery.
Gordon's syndrome in pregnancy
Authors: Morton Adam
Published: December 2022

Gordon's syndrome, also known as pseudohypoaldosteronism type II and familial hyperkalaemic hypertension, is a rare inherited condition characterised by familial hyperkalaemia, normal anion gap hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis, low renin with normal glomerular filtration rate and hypertension. The outcome of 11 pregnancies in 3 women with Gordon's syndrome is presented and combined with 13 pregnancies in 7 women previously described. Pregnancy in women with Gordon's syndrome appears to be associated with a significant risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, particularly where there is maternal hypertension preconception. No pregnancy registry exists for Gordon's syndrome. The available data is limited to case reports and small case series and may be affected by bias. A pregnancy registry would be valuable to assist in preconception counselling and management during pregnancy. The goal of this study was to summarise the available cases describing pregnancy outcomes with maternal Gordon's syndrome.
Defining tennis elbow characteristics – The assessment of magnetic resonance imaging defined tendon pathology in an asymptomatic population
Authors: Paluch Anthony J , Burden Eleanor G , Batten Timothy J , Knight Beatrice , Anaspure Rahul , Aboelmagd Sharief , Evans Jonathan Peter , Smith Christopher D
Published: December 2022

Background

This radiological study aims to assess the prevalence of lateral elbow pathology in an asymptomatic population using 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods

Bilateral elbow MRI was undertaken in 30 asymptomatic volunteers. Exclusion criteria included elbow pain within 3 months, elbow trauma or previous diagnosis of lateral epicondylar tendinopathy. Baseline patient-reported outcome measures were recorded along with age and body mass index (BMI). Two musculoskeletal radiologists independently graded the degree of abnormality at the common extensor tendon.

Results

Thirty volunteers were categorised according to age; 35–44 ( n = 10), 45–54 ( n = 11), and 55–65 ( n = 9) with a 1:1 male-to-female ratio. Radiological evidence of tendon abnormality was found in 37% of volunteers. The proportion with abnormal findings increased with age; 35–44 (10%), 45–54 (36%), 55–65 (67%) and BMI; 18–24.9 (23%), 25–29.9 (43%), > 30 (67%). Changes were generally ‘mild’ or ‘moderate’, with a single volunteer showing ‘severe’ pathology. Kappa for the radiographic agreement was 0.91 (0.83–0.98).

Discussion

This study has demonstrated MRI findings suggestive of pathology at the common extensor tendon to be prevalent in an asymptomatic population, increasing with age and BMI. This draws into question the diagnostic and prognostic value of MRI imaging in lateral epicondylar tendinopathy, especially in older patients.
CCN4/WISP1 Promotes Migration of Human Primary Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes
Authors: Timmermans Ritchie G.M. , Blom Arjen B. , Bloks Niek G.C. , Nelissen Rob. G.H.H. , van der Linden Enrike H.M.J. , van der Kraan Peter M. , Meulenbelt Ingrid , Ramos Yolande F.M. , van den Bosch Martijn H.J.
Published: December 2022

Objectives

Previously, we have shown the involvement of cellular communication network factor 4/Wnt-activated protein Wnt-1-induced signaling protein 1 (CCN4/WISP1) in osteoarthritic (OA) cartilage and its detrimental effects on cartilage. Here, we investigated characteristics of CCN4 in chondrocyte biology by exploring correlations of CCN4 with genes expressed in human OA cartilage with functional follow-up.

Design

Spearman correlation analysis was performed for genes correlating with CCN4 using our previously established RNA sequencing dataset of human preserved OA cartilage of the RAAK study, followed by a pathway enrichment analysis for genes with ρ ≥|0.6.| Chondrocyte migration in the absence or presence of CCN4 was determined in a scratch assay, measuring scratch size using a live cell imager for up to 36 h. Changes in expression levels of 12 genes, correlating with CCN4 and involved in migratory processes, were determined with reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

Results

Correlation of CCN4 with ρ ≥|0.6| was found for 58 genes in preserved human OA cartilage. Pathway analysis revealed “neural crest cell migration” as most significant enriched pathway, containing among others CORO1C, SEMA3C, and SMO. Addition of CCN4 to primary chondrocytes significantly enhance chondrocyte migration as demonstrated by reduced scratch size over the course of 36 h, but at the timepoints measured no effect was observed on mRNA expression of the 12 genes.

Conclusion

CCN4 increases cell migration of human primary OA chondrocytes. Since WISP1 expression is known to be increased in OA cartilage, this may serve to direct chondrocytes toward cartilage defects and orchestrate repair.
Contributions of post-phenomenology to the study of the consumption of technical objects: Principles and applicative perspectives – Illustrated by the case of self-tracking
Authors: Robert-Demontrond Philippe
Published: December 2022

More and more marketing academic research is currently mobilizing conceptually innovative theories that rethink the distinctions commonly made between objects and subjects. In this perspective, this article proposes to introduce in marketing the post-phenomenological theory, recently developed in philosophy. It presents its main conceptual frameworks and translates them into an investigation guide. To illustrate the interest and scope of post-phenomenology, an empirical study is carried out on self-tracking technologies. The results allow us to appreciate the contributions of post-phenomenology. It invites to another way of thinking and questioning the consumption of technical objects, recognizing them as carrying an intentionality. It draws an alternative to the current theorizations on the agentivity of objects. It proposes a powerful analytical framework, which structures and systematizes the examination of the ways in which technical objects modulate consumers’ relations to the world: not only their experience of the world but also their experience of that experience of the world.
Some Observations on the Punctuation in 1 Corinthians 7.16-17
Authors: Förster Hans
Published: December 2022

The construction of 1 Cor 7.17 has been described as difficult. In light of its grammatical problems, this is an understatement. It appears that the difficulty stems not so much from the grammar of the Greek syntax but rather from the perception of what constitutes a sentence in Greek. A proposed change of the punctuation makes 1 Cor 7.17 part of a well-constructed Greek sentence. The suggestions advanced in this contribution, supported by evidence from Greek manuscripts, pertain to both the punctuation of 1 Cor 7.17 and its relation to 1 Cor 7.16. The treatments of this passage in Erasmus’s Greek New Testament, the Vulgate, Luther’s Bible, and other versions are considered.
Minor Spatial Tactics from the Floating University Berlin and Agrocité Paris
Authors: Elarji Dalal
Published: December 2022

Emboldened by the economic crisis of 2007 to 2008, a growing rhizome of socially and politically engaged spatial practices have resorted to alternative modes of producing architecture that focus more on its societal aspirations. Aiming to uncover some of the potentialities of the projects that emerged from this growing rhizome to introduce other modes of making architecture while resisting dominant ones, this paper considers the Deleuzian-Guattarian concept of the “minor” to propose an alternative reading of such projects as “minor architectures,” that is, critical practices that resist the canon and act in the crevices of the mainstream. Using ethnographic research methods on two empirical cases, namely the Floating Berlin designed by Raumlabor and Agrocité Paris designed by Atelier d’Architecture Autogérée, the paper identifies “minor” spatial tactics of making architecture that go beyond the limit(ation)s of the practice: (1) resisting the architectural object as a static entity, (2) fostering collective expression, (3) exploring potentialities by reterritorializing interstitial spaces, and (4) creating haptic and affective experiences. The paper reflects on the concept of the minor as an operational tool that could help break away from dominant systems of architectural production.
In vivo investigation of open-pored magnesium scaffolds LAE442 with different coatings in an open wedge defect
Authors: Schmidt Marlene , Waselau Anja-Christina , Feichtner Franziska , Julmi Stefan , Klose Christian , Maier Hans Jürgen , Wriggers Peter , Meyer-Lindenberg Andrea
Published: December 2022

The magnesium alloy LAE442 showed promising results as a bone substitute in numerous studies in non-weight bearing bone defects. This study aimed to investigate the in vivo behavior of wedge-shaped open-pored LAE442 scaffolds modified with two different coatings (magnesium fluoride (MgF2, group 1)) or magnesium fluoride/calcium phosphate (MgF2/CaP, group 2)) in a partial weight-bearing rabbit tibia defect model. The implantation of the scaffolds was performed as an open wedge corrective osteotomy in the tibia of 40 rabbits and followed for observation periods of 6, 12, 24, and 36 weeks. Radiological and microcomputed tomographic examinations were performed in vivo. X-ray microscopic, histological, histomorphometric, and SEM/EDS analyses were performed at the end of each time period. µCT measurements and X-ray microscopy showed a slight decrease in volume and density of the scaffolds of both coatings. Histologically, endosteal and periosteal callus formation with good bridging and stabilization of the osteotomy gap and ingrowth of bone into the scaffold was seen. The MgF2 coating favored better bridging of the osteotomy gap and more bone-scaffold contacts, especially at later examination time points. Overall, the scaffolds of both coatings met the requirement to withstand the loads after an open wedge corrective osteotomy of the proximal rabbit tibia. However, in addition to the inhomogeneous degradation behavior of individual scaffolds, an accumulation of gas appeared, so the scaffold material should be revised again regarding size dimension and composition.
Solitary Fibrous Tumor of Hard Palate: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Pourfarrokh Niloufar , Wang Yilun , Cleaves Constance , Zreik Riyam , Leng Bing
Published: December 2022

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a mesenchymal tumor accounting for less than 2% of soft tissue tumors and has variable clinical behavior. It can arise in many anatomical locations of the body and in rare occasions in the oral cavity mostly in buccal mucosa and tongue. To date, a handful of such cases have been reported in the hard palate. We present a case of SFT in the hard palate of a 32-year-old man and describe the tissue morphology, immunohistochemistry workup, and follow-up together with literature review.
Undercount of Undocumented Residents in the 2020 American Community Survey and Estimates and Trends in the Undocumented Population from 2010 to 2020, by US State and Country of Origin
Authors: Warren Robert
Published: December 2022

This report shows estimates of the undocumented population residing in the United States from 2010 to 2020, by US state of residence and country of origin. The estimates are based primarily on data from the American Community Survey (ACS) collected annually by the US Census Bureau. 1 As it does each year, the Center for Migration Studies of New York (CMS) assessed the accuracy of the ACS data for 2020 for the noncitizen population from more than 150 countries or areas of origin. The CMS analysis determined that almost one million undocumented residents were omitted from the 2020 ACS. The paper then segues into an extensive discussion of trends in the undocumented population for US state and country of origin over the 2010 to 2020 period.
How I prevent and treat central nervous system disease in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Kopmar Noam E. , Cassaday Ryan D.
Published: December 2022

The central nervous system (CNS) is the most important site of extramedullary disease in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Although CNS disease is identified only in a minority of patients at the time of diagnosis, subsequent CNS relapses (either isolated or concurrent with other sites) occur in some patients even after the delivery of prophylactic therapy targeted to the CNS. Historically, prophylaxis against CNS disease has included intrathecal (IT) chemotherapy and radiotherapy (RT), although the latter is being used with decreasing frequency. Treatment of a CNS relapse usually involves intensive systemic therapy and cranial or craniospinal RT along with IT therapy and consideration of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant. However, short- and long-term toxicities can make these interventions prohibitively risky, particularly for older adults. As new antibody-based immunotherapy agents have been approved for relapsed/refractory B-cell ALL, their use specifically for patients with CNS disease is an area of keen interest not only because of the potential for efficacy but also concerns of unique toxicity to the CNS. In this review, we discuss data-driven approaches for these common and challenging clinical scenarios as well as highlight how recent findings potentially support the use of novel immunotherapeutic strategies for CNS disease.
Novel insights into Hodgkin lymphoma biology by single-cell analysis
Authors: Aoki Tomohiro , Steidl Christian
Published: December 2022

The emergence and rapid development of single-cell technologies mark a paradigm shift in cancer research. Various technology implementations represent powerful tools to understand cellular heterogeneity, identify minor cell populations that were previously hard to detect and define, and make inferences about cell-to-cell interactions at single-cell resolution. Applied to lymphoma, recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing have broadened opportunities to delineate previously underappreciated heterogeneity of malignant cell differentiation states and presumed cell of origin, and to describe the composition and cellular subsets in the ecosystem of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Clinical deployment of an expanding armamentarium of immunotherapy options that rely on targets and immune cell interactions in the TME emphasizes the requirement for a deeper understanding of immune biology in lymphoma. In particular, classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) can serve as a study paradigm because of its unique TME, featuring infrequent tumor cells among numerous nonmalignant immune cells with significant interpatient and intrapatient variability. Synergistic to advances in single-cell sequencing, multiplexed imaging techniques have added a new dimension to describing cellular cross talk in various lymphoma entities. Here, we comprehensively review recent progress using novel single-cell technologies with an emphasis on the TME biology of CHL as an application field. The described technologies, which are applicable to peripheral blood, fresh tissues, and formalin-fixed samples, hold the promise to accelerate biomarker discovery for novel immunotherapeutic approaches and to serve as future assay platforms for biomarker-informed treatment selection, including immunotherapies.
Characteristics and risk factors for post-COVID-19 breathlessness after hospitalisation for COVID-19
Authors: Daines Luke , Zheng Bang , Elneima Omer , Harrison Ewen , Lone Nazir I. , Hurst John R. , Brown Jeremy S. , Sapey Elizabeth , Chalmers James D. , Quint Jennifer K. , Pfeffer Paul , Siddiqui Salman , Walker Samantha , Poinasamy Krisnah , McAuley Hamish , Sereno Marco , Shikotra Aarti , Singapuri Amisha , Docherty Annemarie B. , Marks Michael , Toshner Mark , Howard Luke S. , Horsley Alex , Jenkins Gisli , Porter Joanna C. , Ho Ling-Pei , Raman Betty , Wain Louise V. , Brightling Christopher E. , Evans Rachael A. , Heaney Liam G. , De Soyza Anthony , Sheikh Aziz
Published: December 2022

Background

Persistence of respiratory symptoms, particularly breathlessness, after acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has emerged as a significant clinical problem. We aimed to characterise and identify risk factors for patients with persistent breathlessness following COVID-19 hospitalisation.

Methods

PHOSP-COVID is a multicentre prospective cohort study of UK adults hospitalised for COVID-19. Clinical data were collected during hospitalisation and at a follow-up visit. Breathlessness was measured by a numeric rating scale of 0–10. We defined post-COVID-19 breathlessness as an increase in score of ≥1 compared to the pre-COVID-19 level. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify risk factors and to develop a prediction model for post-COVID-19 breathlessness.

Results

We included 1226 participants (37% female, median age 59 years, 22% mechanically ventilated). At a median 5 months after discharge, 50% reported post-COVID-19 breathlessness. Risk factors for post-COVID-19 breathlessness were socioeconomic deprivation (adjusted OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.14–2.44), pre-existing depression/anxiety (adjusted OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.06–2.35), female sex (adjusted OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.21–2.00) and admission duration (adjusted OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00–1.02). Black ethnicity (adjusted OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.35–0.89) and older age groups (adjusted OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.14–0.66) were less likely to report post-COVID-19 breathlessness. Post-COVID-19 breathlessness was associated with worse performance on the shuttle walk test and forced vital capacity, but not with obstructive airflow limitation. The prediction model had fair discrimination (concordance statistic 0.66, 95% CI 0.63–0.69) and good calibration (calibration slope 1.00, 95% CI 0.80–1.21).

Conclusions

Post-COVID-19 breathlessness was commonly reported in this national cohort of patients hospitalised for COVID-19 and is likely to be a multifactorial problem with physical and emotional components.
Real-life effectiveness of indacaterol/glycopyrronium/mometasone for symptomatic relief of cough after switching from inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β2-agonist therapy in patients with asthma: REACH study design
Authors: Niimi Akio , Kanemitsu Yoshihiro , Tajiri Tomoko , Sumi Kazuya , Mikami Toshiaki , Kondo Norihiko
Published: December 2022

Cough is a major symptom in patients with asthma and poses a significant burden compared with other asthma symptoms. However, there are no approved treatments in Japan, developed to specifically treat cough in patients with asthma. We present the design of REACH, an 8-week real-life study, which will evaluate the efficacy of a combination of indacaterol acetate, glycopyrronium bromide and mometasone furoate (IND/GLY/MF) in asthmatic patients with cough refractory to medium-dose inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β2-agonist (ICS/LABA).

Patients with asthma (age ≥20 to <80 years) with a cough visual analogue scale (VAS) ≥40 mm will be randomised 2:1:1 to receive IND/GLY/MF medium-dose 150/50/80 μg once daily or step-up to a high-dose regimen of fluticasone furoate/vilanterol trifenatate (FF/VI) 200/25 µg once daily or budesonide/formoterol fumarate (BUD/FM) 160/4.5 µg four inhalations twice daily during the 8-week treatment period. The primary objective is to demonstrate the superiority of IND/GLY/MF medium-dose over high-dose ICS/LABA in terms of cough-specific quality of life after 8 weeks. The key secondary objective is to demonstrate the superiority of IND/GLY/MF in terms of subjective assessment of cough severity.

Cough frequency (VitaloJAK cough monitor) and capsaicin cough receptor sensitivity will be evaluated in eligible patients. Cough VAS scores, fractional exhaled nitric oxide, spirometry and blood tests, and the Asthma Control Questionnaire-6, Cough and Sputum Assessment Questionnaire, and Japanese version of the Leicester Cough Questionnaire will be evaluated.

REACH will provide valuable evidence on whether a switch to IND/GLY/MF medium-dose or step-up to high-dose ICS/LABA is beneficial for patients with persistent cough despite treatment with medium-dose ICS/LABA.
Airway clearance treatments in bronchiectasis: feasibility of linking survey results to registry data and a survey of patients’ and physiotherapists’ practices
Authors: McLeese Rebecca H. , O'Neill Katherine , O'Neill Brenda , Chalmers James D. , Boyd Jeanette , De Soyza Anthony , McChrystal Ryan , Crichton Megan L. , Bradley Judy M.
Published: December 2022

Background and objective

There are limited data on airway clearance treatment (ACT) practices. This study aimed to: 1) assess the feasibility of collecting online surveys on ACTs from patients and physiotherapists and linking the patient survey data to outcome data in the Bronch-UK/EMBARC Registry; 2) assess the association between ACT practices and outcome data; and 3) ascertain the factors affecting physiotherapist ACT practices.

Methods

Survey methodology was used to collect data from patients with bronchiectasis and physiotherapists in Northern Ireland. Associations between patient survey data and linked Bronch-UK/EMBARC Registry patient outcome data were explored.

Results

It was feasible to conduct an online survey with patients with bronchiectasis and link the data to the Bronch-UK/EMBARC Registry. 13% of patients did not perform ACTs. ACTs were used more often by patients who were symptomatic/had more severe disease compared to those with milder symptoms/disease. Patients used ACTs when they were symptomatic rather than as a preventative management strategy. Physiotherapists generally followed the bronchiectasis guidelines, using the stepwise approach to management.

Conclusion

Our survey provided information about the feasibility of linking online survey and patient registry data. This study provides up-to-date information on ACT practice throughout the course of the disease trajectory as well as insight into the implementation of bronchiectasis guidelines by physiotherapists. Future work should explore how to optimise ACT data collection to maximise the use of real-world ACT data in bronchiectasis research and inform priority ACT research questions.
Healthcare experiences of adults with COPD across community care settings: a meta-ethnography
Authors: Madawala Sanduni , Osadnik Christian Robert , Warren Narelle , Kasiviswanathan Karthika , Barton Chris
Published: December 2022

Background

Studies investigating lived experiences of patients with COPD raise important concerns about interactions with healthcare professionals. Patients often describe feelings of guilt and shame associated with their COPD and may experience stigma and poor patient experience of care. The aims and objectives of the present study were to systematically scope and synthesise findings from peer-reviewed qualitative studies describing healthcare experiences of patients living with COPD across community care settings.

Methods

A meta-ethnography was undertaken. Database searches were performed in Ovid MEDLINE, PsychINFO, Ovid Emcare, CINAHL Plus and Sociological Abstracts. Eligible qualitative studies were included. Study screening and data extraction was performed by two independent reviewers. A “line-of-argument” synthesis and deductive and inductive analysis was used to identify key themes, where the deductive element aligned to Wong and Haggerty's six key dimensions of patient experiences.

Results

Data from 23 studies were included. Experiences and their meaning to patients were explored within the context of six domains of patient experience including access, interpersonal communication, continuity and coordination, comprehensiveness and trust. Inductive coding revealed emotion, stigma, identity and vulnerability shaped healthcare experiences of adults with COPD.

Implications

Experiences often fell short of what was expected and needed in community settings. Adopting strategies to improve experiences of care in the community can be expected to improve self-management and contribute to improved health outcomes and quality of life. These strategies should take account of vulnerability, stigma and emotions such as guilt and blame that are potent affective drivers of the experience of care for patients with COPD.
Diversity of bacterial communities in the plasmodia of myxomycetes
Authors: Li Shu , Qi Bao , Wang Wan , Peng Xueyan , Gontcharov Andrey A , Liu Bao , Wang Qi , Li Yu
Published: December 2022

Background

Myxomycetes are a group of eukaryotes belonging to Amoebozoa, which are characterized by a distinctive life cycle, including the plasmodium stage and fruit body stage. Plasmodia are all found to be associated with bacteria. However, the information about bacteria diversity and composition in different plasmodia was limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the bacterial diversity of plasmodia from different myxomycetes species and reveal the potential function of plasmodia-associated bacterial communities.

Results

The bacterial communities associated with the plasmodia of six myxomycetes (Didymium iridis, Didymium squamulosum, Diderma hemisphaericum, Lepidoderma tigrinum, Fuligo leviderma, and Physarum melleum) were identified by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. The six plasmodia harbored 38 to 52 bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) that belonged to 7 phyla, 16 classes, 23 orders, 40 families, and 53 genera. The dominant phyla were Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria. Most OTUs were shared among the six myxomycetes, while unique bacteria in each species only accounted for a tiny proportion of the total OTUs.

Conclusions

Although each of the six myxomycetes plasmodia had different bacterial community compositions, a high similarity was observed in the plasmodia-associated bacterial communities' functional composition. The high enrichment for gram-negative (> 90%) and aerobic (> 99%) bacteria in plasmodia suggest that myxomycetes may positively recruit certain kinds of bacteria from the surrounding environment.