bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamics in the content of the cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in rats after acute inhalation intoxication by clorine and pyrolysis products, containing hydrogen chloride
Authors: Potapov Petr K. , Gennad`evich Pavel G. , Rogovskaya Nadezhda Yu. , Babakov Vladimir N. , Basharin Vadim A.
Published: July 2021

It is known that inhalation exposure to chlorine and hydrogen chloride leads to damage to the respiratory system up to the development of acute pulmonary edema in victims. No data on the mechanisms of development of pulmonary edema upon exposure to hydrogen chloride have been found in the available literature. The study was carried out on white outbred male rats, which were divided into 3 groups: Group I control; Group II animals were intoxicated with chlorine at a dose of 1.5 median lethal concentration (30 min); Group III animals were intoxicated with hydrogen chloride at a dose of 1.5 median lethal concentration (30 min). Immediately after exposure to the studied toxicants, as well as after 1, 3 and 6 h, the lung coefficient and the content of cytokines (interleukins-1, 6, 10 and interferon-) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were determined in animals. It was revealed that an increase in the lung coefficient (p 0.05) in animals in groups II and III was accompanied by a significant increase (1.5 times) in the content of the studied cytokines in the bronchial-alveolar lavage fluid compared with animals in group I. III an increase (p 0.05) in the content of cytokines is recorded later only 3 hours after exposure, while it is significantly lower than in animals of group II at all studied periods. Thus, intoxication with hydrogen chloride leads to a slower development of pulmonary edema and an increase in the content of both pro (interleukins-1, 6) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-10, interferon-) in the bronchial-alveolar lavage fluid compared to animals, exposed to chlorine intoxication.
Characterological profile of cadets of the naval educational institution as an indicator of their professional adaptation
Authors: Zaitsev Anton G. , Soshkin Pavel A. , Zabrodsky Dmitry S.
Published: July 2021

A 2-stage comprehensive psychological and physiological examination of freshmen of a higher naval educational institution was carried out. At the first stage, characteristic profiles of cadets were determined. At the second stage, the identified characteristic profiles were correlated with the traditional criteria for military-professional adaptation. It was found that the most often examined young men (according to the Leonhard Schmiszek technique) have such character accentuations as hypertimicity (81.8%) and demonstrability (53.1%), less often stuck (39.3%), pedanticity (19.6%), emotion (18.2%), exaltation (15.4%), and even less often cyclothymic (8.4%), excitability (7.7%), anxiety (2.8%) and dysthymic (2,1%). Cadets assigned to the passive-aggressive stereotype group manage worse in the main disciplines than cadets from other groups. Cadets with passive-aggressive stereotype have lower academic performance as compared to other groups. They have lower expert scores in discipline, neuropsychic stability, communication skills, credibility in a team and level of general culture. In addition, in cadets of this group, the mobility of the main nervous processes at the level of the motor analyzer is somewhat lower to the comparison group. The study showed that the characterological features in the form of mixing or opposing accentuations of characters revealed in cadets play in favor of their personal development, health and successful study only in about 2040% of cases. In other cases, these character features do not contribute to this and can develop into personal disorders incompatible with military service during the training process. Based on the results of the study, psychological and pedagogical tasks were formulated to improve the system of selecting of cadets for naval educational institutions and to improve their professional education.
Ultra-low dose estradiol plus dydrogesterone: a role in prevention of the development and progression of atherosclerosis
Authors: Kryukov Evgeniy V. , Popova Lyudmila V. , Vasiliev Sergey V. , Panevin Taras S. , Panevina Anna S. , Stromskaya Ulyana Andreevna , Samoilova Natalia V. , Makarov Oleg E.
Published: July 2021

Active development of the "anti-aging medicine", attempts to slow down biological (including vascular) aging led to the creation of new pharmaceuticals including menopausal hormone therapy. The vascular wall protective mechanism of the hormones is not completely clear, but it was shown that natural estrogens are able to control the condition of the vascular wall, prevent platelet adhesion, control a range of metabolic and trophic and energy processes in the endothelium of the vascular wall, producing antithrombogenic factors, namely their inhibition contributes to the development of atherosclerosis. It is known that standard and low-dose estrogen may restore the impaired antithrombogenic potential of the vascular wall, provided its initial reduction does not exceed 20%. The issue of the role and possibilities of correction of the antithrombogenic activity of the vascular wall with ultra-low dose estradiol remained unresolved. As a "clinical model" for the study of this issue, we formed 2 groups of patients: in the study group patients received ultra-low dose estradiol plus dydrogesterone, subjects from the control group received beta-alanine. Three-year follow-up showed a decrease in antithrombogenic activity of the vascular wall in control subjects after 2 and 3 years of follow-up according to the M.V. Baluda's test versus subjects treated with ultra-low dose estrogen plus dydrogesterone. The decrease of the relative risk of reduction of the antithrombogenic activity of the vascular wall with the use of ultra-low dose estrogen plus dydrogesterone during the first two years was 2.3 times, and during the 3 years of follow-up 3.8 times versus control. Thus, prescribing only ultra-low dose estradiol plus dydrogesterone for patients with normal antithrombogenic activity of the vessel wall at baseline reliably lowers the risk of long-term reduction of antithrombogenic potential of the vascular wall.
Problems and prospects for the use of stem cells in transplantation
Authors: Moskalev Alexander V. , Gumilevsky Boris Yu. , Apchel Vasiliy Ya. , Cygan Vasiliy N.
Published: July 2021

The problems of organ and tissue transplantation are the lack of organs for transplantation and the rejection of transplants. Therefore, the issue of obtaining organs and tissues for transplantation with stem cells is being studied. Although this idea is promising, it is associated with many problems. To do this, you need to use several populations of cells on a substrate with a complex composition of nutrient environments: nutrients, growth factors, oxygen, regulatory factors. Intercellular interaction is provided by the factors they secrete, or it occurs directly with intercellular contact. This contributes to the fact that stem cells in test tubes can differentiate into other types of tissues and maintain their biological activity indefinitely, which they cannot in vivo. This approach of tissue engineering provides the possibility of obtaining whole organs for implantation. However, technical problems are associated with increased cell adhesion to plastic, the presence of a universal basis for cell nutrition, which can contain more than 100 components. There is a possibility of contamination, which can lead to serious errors in the experiment. Stem cells must have distinct mutational properties and the ability to restore telome cells. Prolonged use of the same nutrient medium can lead to genetic changes and significantly alter the physiological properties of cells. Cryopreservation can be an important aspect of the solution. The goal of tissue bioengineering is to create whole artificial organs, or at least areas of organized tissue that could be transplanted to patients. Currently, such operations are relatively simple for tissues such as artificial skin consisting of epidermal and fibroblast layers, or small cartilage implants obtained in vitro. Several cell types in stable shape are planned to be used in one environment. In this case, one type of cell can be replaced by another. This stability is provided by a variety of secreted factors by different types of cells that ensure their vitality. Decellularization removes all components involved in immune rejection of grafts, so this raises the prospect of creating an unlimited supply of organs for transplantation. However, acute reactions can develop associated with the participation of dendritic cells, macrophages, neutrophils, natural killers. Starting from the moment of transplantation, conditions for immune rejection are created, arising as a result of surgery with the development of acute inflammation. The intensity of immune reactions against the graft largely depends on the degree of non-conformity of alleles of the main complex of histocompany capacity of the donor and recipient. This match is studied using a variety of methods, including the use of antibodies or sequencing of deoxyribonucleic acid.
Possibilities of the efficiency and safety control of rivaroxaban application in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kryukov Evgeny V. , Prokofiev Alexey B. , Danko Andrey A. , Dmitriev Artyom I. , Melnikov Evgeny S. , Rodina Tatyana A. , Belkov Sergey A.
Published: July 2021

The results of a study of the concentration of rivaroxaban in the peripheral blood in patients with atrial fibrillation, receiving different doses of rivaroxaban, as well as in the case of developing hemorrhagic complications, are presented. 65 patients admitted for treatment for atrial fibrillation were examined. As an anticoagulant drug, rivaroxaban was prescribed at a dose of 15 or 20 mg once a day, depending on the state of renal function. The patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the prescribed dose of rivaroxaban and the presence or absence of hemorrhagic complications. At the same time, each patient underwent therapeutic drug monitoring of the drug. It was found that in patients, who received rivaroxaban at a dose of 15 mg, in 35% of cases its concentration in the blood was below the average minimum values. In patients, who received the drug at a dose of 20 mg, in 16% of cases its concentration in the blood serum exceeded the average maximum values. Patients treated with 15 mg of rivaroxaban lacked any hemorrhagic complications. In the group of patients with advanced hemorrhagic complications who received rivaroxaban at a dose of 20 mg, its serum concentration at all stages of therapeutic drug monitoring was significantly higher than the average maximum values and more than 4 times higher than in the control group (without hemorrhagic complications). The results of the study indicate the advisability of conducting therapeutic drug monitoring with the determination of rivaroxaban concentrations in the blood serum of patients receiving the drug, especially when they develop hemorrhagic complications.
Molecular aspects of creating vaccines for the prevention of poisoning ribosome-inactivating proteins of plant origin: current situation, problems of vaccine development
Authors: Myasnikov Vadim A. , Stepanov Alexander V. , Miteva Olga A. , Nikishin Alexander S. , Gogolevsky Alexander S. , Al-Shehadat Ruslan I.
Published: July 2021

This article reviews the current understanding of the mechanism of action of the toxin, the clinical effects of ricin and abrin intoxication and how these relate to current and continuing prospects for vaccine development. The threat of bioterrorism worldwide has accelerated the demand for the development of therapies and vaccines against the ribosome-inactivating proteins. The diverse and unique nature of these toxins poses a challenge to vaccinologists. This paper will review the mechanism of toxicity and vaccines development to protect against the highly toxic plant-derived ribosomal toxins. Vaccine development is further complicated by the fact that as bioterrorism agents, abrin and ricin would most likely be disseminated as aerosols supplies. Our understanding of the mechanisms by which these toxins cross mucosal surfaces, and importance of mucosal immunity in preventing toxin uptake is only rudimentary. Research is now aimed at developing recombinant, attenuated vaccines based on a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which these toxins function. The evolution of the development of specific immunoprophylaxis of acute ricin poisoning from native toxoid to genetically engineered subunit vaccines based on the method of targeted mutagenesis is traced. The past several years have seen major advances in the development of a safe and efficacious ricin toxin vaccine. These vaccines are discussed in the context of the toxicity and structure of ricin. In this review we summarize ongoing efforts to leverage recent advances in the design and use of vaccines.
Influence of sexual cycle phases on cognitive abilities and physical endurance
Authors: Filippova Elena B. , Lesova Elena M. , Murgaeva Natalya V.
Published: July 2021

We researched the dependence of cognitive abilities, mostly connected to functions of right and left hemispheres, and physical endurance on phases of sexual cycle. We discovered that on the first day of the cycle the number of correct tasks, connected with functions of the right hemisphere, was bigger than in the middle of the cycle, while no difference was detected in tasks, connected with functions of the left hemisphere. In the beginning of the cycle all test subjects correctly answered more "right hemisphere" questions, than during the ovulation phase, in the middle of the cycle the majority of test subjects correctly answered more "left hemisphere" tasks. We assume that sexual steroids moderate functional differences, connected with functions of right and left hemisphere. Precisely, low level of sexual steroids in the beginning of the cycle helps to activate functions of the right hemisphere, while steroids concentration in the middle of the cycle stops those functions. The level of heartbeat under the physical load was bigger in the luteal phase than before the ovulation; with the increase of load the heartbeat decreased before the ovulation and increase in the luteal phase. We assume that increased content of estrogens before the ovulations lead to decrease in physical endurance, while the decrease of concentration of estrogens in the luteal phase increased this endurance. Therefore, influence of sexual steroids helps to activate functions, which characterize specific psychological and physical status of women sex, particularly verbal abilities, lower abilities for visual analysis, and lower physical endurance of women.
Fórmula e utopia: o movimento internacional da educação nova
Authors: Gonçalves Vidal Diana , Silva Rabelo Rafaela
Published: July 2021

Partindo da interrogação sobre a pregnância de ideias e práticas associadas ao repertório da Educação Nova em discursos pedagógicos atuais e operando com as noções de utopia e fórmula, o artigo se debruça sobre três iniciativas, consideradas como hubs, ou seja, como pontos de conexão, encontro e passagem de educadores. São elas: a New Education Fellowship (NEF), que nos países latinos ficou conhecida como Ligue Internationale pour l´Éducation Nouvelle (LIEN), e a ação sistemática de formação de, ao menos, dois institutos internacionais, ligados ao Teachers College e ao Institute Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Outras ações, como a Progressive Education Association (PEA), o Bureau International d’Éducation (BIE) e o Bureau International des Ecoles Nouvelles (BIEN) emergem também compondo a argumentação. O objetivo é explorar redes que, ao mesmo tempo, consolidaram propostas associadas à Educação Nova em vários países, constituídas como uma utopia pedagógica, e alargaram os significados a ela atribuídos, evidenciados pelo mosaico terminológico que cerca o movimento.
La LIEN y los educadores españoles: una historia de desencuentros e infidelidades
Authors: Del Pozo Andrés María del Mar
Published: July 2021

El artículo trata de responder a la siguiente pregunta: ¿Por qué el movimiento español de Escuela Nueva fue invisible en los espacios de encuentro internacionales de los años veinte y treinta? Para ello se ha utilizado una metodología basada en la perspectiva teórica y metodológica del análisis de networks o redes de relaciones. Se analizan las relaciones de los educadores españoles con la Ligue International d’Éducation Nouvelle/New Education Fellowship, a través de su presencia en espacios de encuentro como los congresos internacionales y las revistas Pour l’Ère Nouvelle y The New Era. El estudio abarca los años 1921-1936 y se divide en tres etapas, marcadas por la evolución de la Sección Española de la Liga y de su órgano de expresión, la Revista de Pedagogía. Se concluye con tres posibles razones que explican la invisibilidad internacional del movimiento español de Escuela Nueva: la desunión de los educadores y los grupos implicados él; la visión pobre e instrumental que se crearon los representantes europeos de la realidad educativa española y la incapacidad de los educadores españoles para construir y transmitir un relato propio sobre el movimiento de la Escuela Nueva en nuestro país.
Ecos, influencias e manifestacións da Escola Nova e Activa en Galicia
Authors: Costa Rico Antón
Published: July 2021

Ata onde chegou a impregnación do movemento internacional da Escola Nova e Activa en Galiza ao longo das primeiras décadas do século XX? Esta é a cuestión que pretendemos responder e desenvolver, para o que previamente estabelecemos necesarias precisións conceptuais e históricas que nos faciliten a comprensión de que, alén da presenza de prácticas educativas que responden plenamente a este ideario, houbo neste período accións, reflexións e prácticas pedagóxicas que desde o activismo metodolóxico, desde o positivismo e, en ocasións, desde o rexeneracionismo escolar foron converxentes e/ou prepararon o terreo para tal impregnación. O impulso que agromaba con algunha forza sociolóxica foi coutado pola ditadura política en 1936.
Visões antagônicas sobre o ideário da Liga Internacional pela Educação Nova em dois manuais de História da Educação publicados no Brasil na década de 1930
Authors: Gatti Junior Deccio
Published: July 2021

Abordamos a forma como experiências e ideias de educadores vinculados à Liga Internacional pela Educação Nova foram tomadas em dois importantes manuais de História da Educação publicados no Brasil na década de 1930. O primeiro, Noções de História da Educação, de Afrânio Peixoto, em 1933; o segundo, Educação. História da Educação. Problemas Actuaes, das Madres Peeters e Cooman, em 1937. Em ambos, sob perspectivas antagônicas, há intensa presença da temática da Educação Nova, o que se vinculava, de um lado, ao esforço de construir uma República democrática, por meio de reformas educacionais e, de outro, à busca da manutenção da relevância católica na sociedade brasileira. Em um ponto, porém, a narrativa de ambos os manuais converge  -na objeção, por razões diferentes-, as iniciativas educacionais da Rússia soviética. Conclui-se pela centralidade adquirida pelo movimento internacional da Educação Nova nos debates educacionais brasileiros das primeiras décadas do Século XX.
Augusto Reis Machado: um professor na crítica do ensino de história em Portugal no início do século XX
Authors: Teixeira Lucas Kadine , Ferraz Chiozzini Daniel
Published: July 2021

Ao longo da história da escola, o lugar do professor foi sendo gradativamente construído até alcançar a profissionalização. Mesmo antes da exigência de uma formação específica ou do trabalho docente ser a ocupação principal de quem o exercia, foram construídos um corpo de saberes e um rol de normas que se configuravam enquanto um conjunto de valores específicos da profissão, que deve ser situado historicamente. Partindo dessa premissa é que nos dispomos a analisar as concepções educativas de Augusto Reis Machado (1887-1966), professor liceal, acerca do ensino da disciplina que lecionava, procurando examinar sua atuação e preocupações com o ensino de história. O recorte temporal situa-se entre 1917, quando da primeira publicação de suas reflexões sobre o ensino, e 1930, ano em que ele publicou uma proposta de programa curricular de história. Trata-se, então, de discutir o quanto a percepção do professor Machado é enunciadora de novas concepções sobre ensino de História, em um período em que passa a ocorrer, concomitantemente, um questionamento dos princípios e finalidades da disciplina, assim como uma sistematização da didática que a orientava.
La educación en Asturias. Estudios históricos
Authors: Malheiro Xosé Manuel
Published: July 2021

Este repertorio bibliográfico compila un conxunto de doce textos escritos por investigadores procedentes do campo de historia e a historia de educación, con tratamentos académicos diferentes, os cales coinciden en profundar na análise  educativa das prácticas culturais  que se desenvolveron no Principado de Asturias, principalmente relacionado cos procesos de alfabetización e educación, examinado nalgúns das súas varias facetas e manifestations ao longo dun traxecto temporal que supera o milenio.
O liceu angrense da Primeira República aos alvores do Estado Novo
Authors: Beato Carlos
Published: July 2021

Procede-se neste texto à recensão do novo livro de Leandro Ávila que é dedicado ao estudo da história do liceu de Angra no período que vai da 1ª República aos primórdios do Estado Novo. Destacamos, entre outros assuntos, o estudo do conturbado processo de classificação categorial do liceu, a sua presença ativa no seio da sociedade local, nomeadamente por via de atividades culturais, e a intervenção de grupos de estudantes na defesa dos seus interesses coletivos.
Actually, Esports Is Sport
Authors: Naraine Michael L.
Published: July 2021

In 2019, Jim Parry, a sport philosophy and Olympic scholar, wrote an article entitled “E-sports are not sports”. While their position is admirable, their commentary is rife with inaccuracies. In short, Parry panders two key myths that sour a balanced discussion of esports as a sport: (1) esports is seeking to become an Olympic sport, and (2) esports does not fit the definition, however arbitrary, of sport. In this response piece, both myths are dispelled and, ultimately, esports is positioned as a form of modern sport that should be accepted (but perhaps not actively supported) by traditionalists. The argument is made that sport can fall into either traditional or modern forms, and that given more technological innovations are on the way, it is critical that sport is not restrictive and remains inclusive to new forms.
Comparing Green Economy in Iran with OECD Asian Countries by Applying TOPSIS and GI Method
Authors: Ajripour Iman , Alamian Rosa
Published: July 2021

In this study, we tried to calculate Iran’s green growth index and compare it with four selected OECD countries inthe continent of Asia, Turkey, Japan, Korea, and Israel in 2015 by applying the Green Index, and Technique for Orderof Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution. Our research provides a new methodology to rank different countriesbased on green growth indicators. Applying both methods, Iran ranked fourth among the selected countries. Iran, incomparison to Turkey, Japan, and Korea, is behind in developing sustainability and green economy indices.
Is utility a measure of commodity value? On two different approaches to the subjective theory of value
Authors: Appelt Katarzyna
Published: July 2021

This paper reviews two theories of utility. In Jevons’ theory, utility denotes an abstract quality of a commodityand value is derived from the knowledge of the utility of a commodity. Menger, however, argued that the conceptof value cannot be associated with the fact that things are useful. Goods themselves are worthless unless ahuman assigns value to them. It is shown that utility as a measure of commodity value is a vague concept.
Increasing the Take-up of Public Health Services: An Experiment on Nudges and Digital Tools in Uruguay
Authors: Cuesta Ana , Delgado Lucia , Gallegos Sebastián , Roseth Benjamin , Sánchez Mario
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we test whether promoting digital government tools increases the take-up of an important public health prevention service: cervical cancer screening. We implemented an at-scale field experiment in Uruguay, randomly encouraging women to make medical appointments with a digital application or reminding them to do it as usual at their local clinic. Using administrative records, we found that the digital application nearly doubled attendance of a screening appointment compared to reminders and tripled the rate compared to a pure control group (3.2 percentage point increase over a base of 1.9 percent). Survey data suggests that the impacts of the intervention were mostly mediated by reduced transaction costs. Our results highlight the potential of investing in digital government to improve the take-up of public services.
Hacia una nueva realidad laboral para las mujeres: soluciones para recuperar el empleo femenino en ALC
Authors: Bustelo Monserrat , Suaya Agustina , Vezza Evelyn
Published: July 2021

La crisis económica y sanitaria asociada con el COVID-19 ha afectado con mayor fuerza la participación laboral femenina, exacerbando las brechas de género existentes y revirtiendo el progreso logrado en las últimas décadas. El desafío hoy es doble: pasar de medidas de mitigación, precipitadas y sin perspectiva de género, hacia iniciativas consistentes y de largo plazo que propicien igualdad de oportunidades y mejores condiciones laborales. Este documento repasa el perfil de medidas de mitigación que tuvo lugar en la región y ofrece un panorama de las soluciones de política de mediano y largo plazo necesarias para abordar las brechas estructurales de género en el mercado laboral.
Bractwa w kościołach franciszkańskich w Polsce w okresie potrydenckim (XVI-XVIII wiek)
Authors: Mączka Adam
Published: July 2021

W XVI wieku równocześnie z odgórną reformą trydencką rozwijał się nurt religijności tradycyjnej. Dynamizm tego nurtu religijności ludowej miał swoje źródło w późnośredniowiecznym procesie głębszego przenikania chrześcijaństwa do świadomości i życia ogółu społeczeństwa. Wyrazem tego nurtu religijnego były bractwa, które stały się jedną z form odrodzenia katolickiego w Polsce po Soborze Trydenckim. Sobór Trydencki podkreślił zasadniczą więź organizacyjną bractw z Kościołem i wyszczególnił ich specyfikę oraz poddał je bezpośredniej jurysdykcji Stolicy Apostolskiej i biskupa ordynariusza miejsca. Cechą charakterystyczną bractw była ich uniwersalność i wszechstanowość; rekrutacja członków dokonywała się z ludzi różnych stanów i zawodów.

Zakonnicy św. Franciszka w okresie potrydenckim poszerzyli teren swojego oddziaływania społeczno-religijnego, konsolidując przy swoich świątyniach trzy nowe, popularne, bractwa kościelne. Odzwierciedleniem tej sytuacji była świątynia franciszkańska w Krakowie, przy której powstały w XVI/XVII wieku trzy typowe dla franciszkanów bractwa: Paska św. Franciszka (1587 r.), Męki Pańskiej (1595 r.), Św. Antoniego (1664 r.). Bractwa były objęte kierownictwem duchowym zakonników franciszkańskich, korzystały z licznych przywilejów i odpustów, o które starali się zakonnicy. Działalność bractw przy kościołach franciszkańskich była charakterystycznym zjawiskiem katolickiej odnowy po Soborze Trydenckim. Franciszkanie, obok innych zakonów mendykanckich, wpisali się w ten nurt w sposób imponujący, bowiem dzięki ich zaangażowaniu i pracy integracja grup społecznych na poziomie religijnym, duchowym, kulturowym i charytatywnym przyczyniła się do odnowy Kościoła i społeczeństwa polskiego.
Customer Relationship Management in Affiliated Hospitals of Zabol University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Mohabati Fatemeh , Hedayati Seyed Pouria , Baqheri Somayeh , Hashemi Naser , Qoum Dust Nouri Abolfazl
Published: July 2021

Background: In today's competitive environment, continuous, continuous and long-term relationship with the customer is the key to achieving the success of healthcare organizations. Therefore, this study was conducted to survey customer relationship management in affiliated hospitals of Zabol University of medical sciences.
Methods: This study is applied and descriptive in terms of method. The statistical population includes the staff of hospitals that 205 people were selected by simple random sampling method. The data collection tool was a two-part questionnaire (demographic and customer relationship management). Research data were analyzed using SPSS 18 software.
Results: In this study, the average score of customer relationship management was 3.16 points. The average scores of each of the dimensions of attracting, maintaining and expanding customer relations, infrastructure dimension and customer orientation dimension were 3.1, 2.9 and 3.48 points, respectively.
Conclusion: According to the findings, customer relationship management and each of its dimensions was in a moderate position. Therefore, managers of health care organizations should take steps to improve each of the dimensions of customer relationship management in order to increase the loyalty of their customers and the productivity of the organization.
Advanced Nursing Practice: International Experiences and Future Direction for Nursing in Slovenia, Book of Abstracts
Authors: Pajnkihar Majda , Vrbnjak Dominika
Published: July 2021

First international Advanced Nursing Practice conference in Slovenia brought world leading academic scholars to exchange and share their experiences on Advance Nursing Practice (ANP) education and practice. Special emphasis will be put on presentation of competencies, roles and scope of practice. Aim of our conference was to bring ANP education and especially the nature of ANP practice closer to an academic and clinical environment as well to decision making bodies in government and other professional groups in Slovenia. Numerous studies have shown that advanced practice nurses can provide quality patient care by role extension or expansion, contribute to efficacy, cost efficiency, patient satisfaction, reduced (re)hospitalizations, and reduced mortality. Experts from countries where ANP is well established and experts from countries where ANP is in the beginning stages of development participated in round table discussion. Conclusions of the round table discussion produced future direction for development of ANP in Slovenia.
Two-Tier System of Judgments and Orders (Nature of the Separate Order to Pay or Fulfil the Claim)
Authors: Kirkutis Mykolas , Jokubauskas Remigijus , Bolzanas Darius , Visinskis Vigintas
Published: July 2021

The quality of procedural judicial documents is one of the most important components of judicial proceedings. The trust of individuals and the public in the judicial system may also depend on the quality of these documents. Therefore, Lithuanian legislation sets certain standards for procedural judicial documents. As well as, the law also provides for certain possibilities to eliminate ambiguities in court procedural documents both after the court decision has been made and during enforcement proceedings.
Nexus of the Location of Performance of an Obligation as the Basis of Jurisdiction in the Brussels I bis Regulation in Cases Versus Air Carriers
Authors: Gołaczyński Jacek , Zalisko Marek
Published: July 2021

As it is correctly emphasized by the European Union (EU) legislator, actions in the field of air transport should aim, among other things, at ensuring a high level of protection for passengers. The paper attempts to discuss the nexus of the location of performance of an obligation as the basis of special jurisdiction in the context of the Brussels I bis Regulation in cases versus air carriers. A passenger’s choice of special jurisdiction based on the nexus of the location of performance of an obligation in the context of Brussels I bis Regulation, applicable to cross-border matters between Member States supersedes general jurisdiction based on the place of domicile of an air carrier. The nexus of the location of performance of an obligation in cross-border disputes resulting from a contract of air transport made between a passenger and an air carrier as a rule enables the passenger to bring an action in a court based in the location of arrival or departure of the flight.
Оттопонимические наименования Гродненщины в публицистических и художественных текстах
Authors: Бубнович Инна
Published: July 2021

В статье анализируется проблема образования региональных оттопонимических наименований, определяются особенности их функционирования в публицистических и художественных текстах, отражающих жизнь Гродненщины. Называются исследования, посвященные анализу региональных особенностей онимов и оттопонимических наименований: Гомельщины, Западного Полесья, Поозерья. Лексикографирование административных названий Гродненской области (районов, сельских советов) осуществлено Е.Н. Рапановичем. Не решены проблемы систематизации и определения нормативности образования оттопонимических наименований; отсутствует научное осмысление соответствия их общебелорусским тенденциям и проявления региональной специфики словообразования и функционирования. Поэтому исследование данной группы лексики является актуальным и социально значимым. Анализ гродненских оттопонимических дериватов, выявленных нами в старобелорусских и современных текстах, показывает общность словообразовательных моделей, способность к сочетанию с определенными лексико-семантическими группами, что является результатом переемственности в развитии топосистемы разных эпох, стабильности топомоделей, способов и средств оттопонимического образования. Оттопонимические прилагательные с суффиксом -ск- (-цк-), используемые в текстах СМИ, входят в номенклатурные собственные названия различных организаций и предприятий. Оттопонимическими дериватами с формантом -шчына являются наименования регионов и территорий, а также названия жителей населенных пунктов Гродненщины, образованные при помощи суффиксов -анін, -анк-а, -ан-, -еўчан-е, -чанін/ -чан-е, -ец/-цы, -авец/-аўцы, -енец/-енцы. Особенностью оттопонимических наименований в проанализированных произведениях В. Адамчика Чужая бацькаўшчына и В. Короткевича Хрыстос прызямліўся ў Гародні является их непосредственная связь с реальными общебелорусскими и гродненскими моделями, что позволяет создавать эффект реального присутствия и выполнять текстообразующую, локализирующую, номинативную, регионально идентифицирующую и другие функции. Отличия в употреблении авторами оттопонимических дериватов обусловлены не только индивидуально-авторским стилем, творческой манерой, но и описываемыми эпохами, событиями, что определяет характер отбора средств и специфики их использования в тексте.
Парадигматическая и синтагматическая метонимия как основа развития новых значений в русском языке
Authors: Иванова Ваня
Published: July 2021

В статье рассматриваются результаты инновационного процесса, протекающего в области лексики русского языка в начале ХХІ века. Анализируются семантические инновации, возникшие на основе метонимизации в русском языке в указанный период. Определяется степень активности разновидностей метонимизации в развитии вторичных значений в русском языке в последние годы. Возникшие инновации классифицируются в зависимости от продуктивных метонимических моделей, проявляющихся в процессе их развития. Основой классификации служит концепция о синтагматическом и парадигматическом плане метонимии. В рамках парадигматической метонимии рассматриваются родо-видовой и партитивный типы, в рамках синтагматической выделяются субординативный и координативный типы метонимизации. В целях лучшей систематизации в изложении обособляются категориальные типы возникших инноваций (лицо, организация, предмет, процесс). В результате анализа устанавливается, что наиболее активным типом метонимизации в процессе развития семантических инноваций является родо-видовая парадигматическая метонимия, а синтагматическая метонимия (субординативная и координативная) намного менее продуктивна.
VII Международная научная конференция «Вопросы семантики и стилистики текста: лингвистический дискурс»
Authors: Wierzbiński Jarosław , Kucy Aleksy
Published: July 2021

В настоящем обзоре речь идет о Международной научной конференции, организованной Кафедрой языкознания Института русистики Лодзинского университета в 2020 году. Обсуждаются вопросы, связанные с темами докладов, международным охватом и другими важными деталями этого события.
Multiple intestinal anastomosis in newborns and infants
Authors: Kozlov Yu. A. , Mochalov M. N. , Kovalkov K. A. , Poloyan S. S. , Baradieva P. Zh. , Zvonkov D. A. , Ochirov Ch. B. , Cheremnov V. S. , Stankeev V. A. , Rozhanski A. P. , Kozlov S. Yu. , Sandakov Ya. P.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. The present trial systematizes data, taken from one surgical center as an example, on treating patients with intestinal atresia and necrotizing enterocolitis with multiple intestinal anastomoses.Material and methods. The trial is a retrospective review on the treatment of 13 newborn infants who since 2010 have been put multiple intestinal anastomoses; the treatment was approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee. The average gestational age of patients was 31.2 weeks. The average age at the time of surgery – 7,9 days. Average weight - 2007 grams. The average number of anastomoses was 3.7 (range: 2-7). The average length of remained small intestine after the second surgery was 67.4 cm (range: 12-120 cm). No other surgical procedures, including gastrostomy or enterostomy, were performed. In all cases, surgical intervention ended with hermetic suturing of the abdominal cavity. Among them, there were 6 patients with the multifocal form of necrotizing enterocolitis; 6 patients had type IV atresia of the small intestine; 1 patient had the Ladd’s syndrome. Connection of intestinal segments was made by constructing several “end-to-end” anastomoses, double-row precision seam with PDS II 7/0 suture.Results. In the postoperative period, complications associated with anastomosis construction, such as leakage and narrowing, were not recorded. Transit function of the gastrointestinal tract restored on day 4, on average, after the surgery (range: 2-6 days). There were no early lethal outcomes within the first 28 days after the surgery which were associated with the surgery. 2 patients with short bowel syndrome (remained small intestine was 12 and 25 cm) and multivisceral disorders died on day 72 and 64 after the surgery. Survived patients were transferred to full enteral feeding in 56 days, in average, after the second surgery (range - 15-120 days).Conclusion. In our study, we have demonstrated potentials of a new surgical approach: one-stage formation of multiple intestinal anastomoses in case of multiple intestinal atresias as well as in case of multifocal forms of necrotizing enterocolitis. Maintaining the bowel length with multiple bowel anastomoses is very important factor for better survival of patients with the short bowel syndrome.
Outcomes of surgical treatment of neonates with intestinal stomas in a regional perinatal center
Authors: Ivanov S. D. , Slizovskij G. V. , Balaganskiy D. A. , Pogorelko V. G. , Yushmanova A. B.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Emergency intestinal surgeries in neonates can lead to stoma formation. Indications for stoming, associated complications and ways to prevent them are being actively discussed. The aim of this study was to analyze results of surgical treatment of neonates with intestinal stomas in a perinatal center for the last 10 years.Material and methods. 81 children with intestinal obstruction (32), necrotizing enterocolitis (27), meconium ileus (14) and others abdominal pathologies (8) were included into the study. Statistical processing was carried out using the SPSS v.26 package; differences were significant at p-value ≤0.05. Complications were assessed with the Clavien-Dindo Сlassification (CDC).Results. There were 59 premature infants (72.8%); 32 had body weight below 1000 grams (54.2%). Initially performed: 15 (18.5%) colostomies, 49 (60.5%) enterostomies, 17 (21%) T-anastomoses. A compression clip was put in six children with double-barreled ileostomies. Complications were the following: prolapse (12.3%), skin excoriation (43.2%), bleeding (19.8%), large losses of intestinal chyme (17.3%), liver failure (19.8%), sepsis (17.3%), wound dehiscence (6.2%), adhesive obstruction (16%), necrosis (9.9%) and stenosis (7.4%). 16 (19.7%) patients had no complications. 28 (43%) patients had complications by CDC of grade III, and 37 (57%) - by CDC of grade ≥III. Stomas were closed in 32 children (39.5%) after 35 days, on average (6-126 days). Mortality was 28.4%, mainly in children weighing less than 1000 gramm (p = 0.03).Conclusion. If a neonate patient has contraindications to primary anastomosing, double-barreled enterostomy with a compression clip is a safe alternative to it. The enterostomy technique in premature newborns does not increase the rate of complications and mortality. Skin excoriation, increased bleeding from the stoma, and liver failure are most common in neonates with enterostomy.
Intermittent intestinal intussusception in patients with mesenteric lymphadenitis in the ileocecal angle
Authors: Karaseva O. V. , Golikov D. E. , Kharitonova A. Yu. , Gorelik A. L. , Timofeeva A. V. , Batunina I. V. , Yanyushkina O. G. , Kislyakov A. N.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. At present, lymphadenopathy – as a cause of idiopathic intestinal intussusception in little children - comes to the fore. However, intestinal intussusception in case of destructive mesenteric lymphadenitis in combination with lymphoid hyperplasia of the ileocecal angle ( what does not exclude lymphoma intraoperatively) is extremely rare in clinical practice.Purpose. To present a therapeutic and diagnostic algorithm in intestinal intussusception which was caused by the “volumetric“ abdominal lymphadenopathy.Case Report. A 3-year-old boy was admitted by the ambulance with recurrent abdominal pain, single episode of vomiting and no stool for 4 days. The ultrasound examination revealed intermittent ileocecal intussusception. The risk factor which had triggered the disease was an acute respiratory viral infection complicated with purulent mesenteric lymphadenitis and lymphoid hyperplasia with ulcerative lesions of the mucous membrane in the ileocecal junction. Laparoscopic desinvagination with lymph node removal and colonoscopy with ladder biopsy were performed. A differential diagnostics of nonspecific lymphadenopathy, Burkitt’s lymphoma and Crohn’s disease was made. Immunohistological examination intraoperatively was made; examination of the biopsy material excluded tumor and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The inflammatory process regressed under conservative therapy (antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antispasmolytic) ; there were no any recurrent intussusception episodes within one-year follow-up.Conclusion. Successive ultrasound, laparoscopic and colonoscopic examinations followed by the immunohistological analysis of intraoperative and biopsy material allowed to put a correct diagnosis and, thereby, to minimize surgical aggression in ileocecal intussusception which was accompanied by volumetric lymphadenopathy.
The colon membrane as a cause of large bowel obstruction in a child of 11-month old: a case report
Authors: Smirnov A. N. , Кholostova V. V. , Voyna S. A. , Gladeeva V. S. , Amanova M. A. , Kulevich B. O.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Colon atresia is a rare form of congenital bowel obstruction. In scientific literature, there are isolated publications devoted to colon atresia, and only some authors discuss the membranous form of atresia.Material and methods. The article describes a rare clinical case of an incomplete colon membrane in an infant. At the age of 11 months, the child developed symptoms of acute intestinal obstruction. Irrigography was performed; Hirschsprung’s disease was suspected. At the first stage, the child was taken a floor-by-floor biopsy of the colon, and an ileostomy was put. Visually, Hirschsprung’s disease seemed to be present; however, histological examination turned aside this diagnosis. Given this, the colon membrane was suspected. Partial resection of the altered part of the sigmoid colon was performed with good clinical effect. Histological examination revealed an incomplete serous-muscular membrane of the colon.Conclusion. Colon atresia is a rare disease that presents a serious problem for diagnosis and treatment. Preoperative morphological verification of the diagnosis is important, even in case when Hirschsprung’s disease seems obvious. Preoperative diagnostics is important because surgical tactics may be considerably different in colon local lesions.
Torsion of the uterine appendages in a 12-year-old girl
Authors: Bebenina A. A. , Chundokova M. A. , Golovanev M. A.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. The uterine appendage torsion (UAT) is an urgent pathology accompanied by a painful abdominal syndrome and requiring urgent diagnostic and therapeutic measures. In childhood, UAT develops mainly due to organic causes and due to the specific location of internal organs in children. The literature data on organ-preserving surgeries in the long-lasting UAT is very controversial and dubious. There are no objective criteria for assessing ovarian viability after detorsion what impacts the selection of surgical intervention tactics - unjustified adnexectomy may be performed.Clinical case. Girl P., 12 years old, was admitted to the hospital with a clinical picture of long-lasting torsion of the uterus appendages. Right uterine appendages were detorsed. The child was under observation. In two years, laparoscopic appendectomy was performed for chronic appendicitis. When examining pelvic organs, the right ovary was found reduced in size compared to the left one; there were no macroscopically visible changes; single follicles were visualized in it; the fallopian tube was not changed.Conclusion. A painful sensation before surgery indicates that the uterus appendages are viable; if there is no abdominal pain, necrosis of the ovary and fallopian tube may be suspected. A surgical tactics is chosen on making a comprehensive analysis of clinical and instrumental findings.
A Cidade como uma Rede de Paisagens Estimulantes:
Authors: De Melo Cesar Luiz Pedro , Medeiros José Marcelo Martins
Published: July 2021

Este artigo busca explorar questões relacionadas à estrutura das cidades, a partir do entendimento do papel dos espaços livres na percepção dos seus usuários e na própria vida cotidiana das cidades. Para isto, são analisados aspectos ligados à funcionalidade e a própria configuração espacial dos espaços livres. O objetivo da pesquisa é explorar questões já apontadas por autores e aplicar as teorias levantadas em exemplos de cidades tradicionais e novas. A metodologia consiste na revisão bibliográfica de autores que trataram do próprio fenômeno topológico, cujos entendimentos apontam para a cidade como um sistema de espaços livres interconectados, com hierarquias e sentidos próprios e, com determinados arranjos espaciais recorrentes. A aplicação destes entendimentos teve como resultado de pesquisa a identificação destes arranjos espaciais, em praças com monumentos e elementos de destaque, servindo de exemplos para ajudar a entender e verificar a importância destes elementos para a estruturação das cidades, sua percepção e relacionamento com seus habitantes. Como conclusão percebe-se que a maneira de ver e organizar os espaços livres, principalmente a partir do período barroco, é até hoje recorrente no planejamento de cidades no mundo, enfatizando a monumentalidade com aspectos simbólicos e uma ideia de ordem e disciplina nos arranjos espaciais.