bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Konflik Kedaulatan Laut Natuna Indonesia dengan China Selatan dalam Perspektif Hukum dan Pendekatan Kemiliteran di Indonesia
Authors: Saskia Nursukma Andriliani  , Irwan Triadi
Published: February 2025

State sovereignty is a prerogative right that must be maintained as a priority, especially in Indonesia is archipelagic geography. This presents a significant challenge in maintaining sovereignty over the Natuna Islands and Lingga Islands in Riau Islands Province, Indonesia. This area has been the subject of international conflict, particularly concerning China's claim under the Nine-Dash Line, which the Chinese government justifies with historical arguments and past governmental decisions. However, this claim lacks a valid legal basis under international law, including the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982, which defines international maritime boundaries. The conflict began to escalate in 2016 following the arrest of three Chinese fishermen involved in large-scale illegal fishing, an act supported by the Chinese government. In response, the Indonesian government took measures to assert its sovereignty by strengthening military security, engaging in diplomatic efforts with ASEAN member states, and conducting best practice studies to potentially bring the Natuna Sea sovereignty dispute before the International Court of Justice. Indonesia's sovereignty over the Natuna Sea is firmly supported by the Djuanda Declaration and the 1982 UNCLOS Agreement. This study aims to analyze the Natuna conflict using a Normative Law and Military approach as the primary strategies to resolve disputes over the Natuna Sea.
Rincones de aprendizaje para motivar el interaprendizaje intercultural de jóvenes entre 12 y 15 años
Authors: Ayuy-Peaza Miriam Marlene , Castro-Salazar Ana Zulema
Published: February 2025

The present papers focus on learning corners as a tool to promote intercultural interlearning among young people aged 12 to 15. Cultural diversity has become relevant in modern education, and learning corners offer a collaborative and autonomous space that facilitates dialogue between students from different backgrounds. This constructivist approach allows students to not only learn, but to construct knowledge interactively. In addition, interlearning strengthens intercultural competencies, such as empathy and conflict resolution, essential in the 21st century. Through a mixed methodological approach, we will evaluate how these environments promote mutual understanding and respect between cultures, also analyzing the barriers to their implementation. The study seeks to identify good practices and make recommendations to integrate learning corners into school curricula, promoting a more inclusive and equitable education.
El juego como estrategia didáctica para el fortalecimiento de la lengua Shuar
Authors: Jaramillo-Guillen Wilson Jaime , Álvarez-Lozano María Isabel
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to analyze the game as a didactic strategy to strengthen the Shuar language, so the methodology applied was non-experimental, in which the sample was made up of 27 teachers from the "Francisco de Orellana" Educational Unit of the Santa Rosa community, to whom the survey was administered with support from the questionnaire of 12 closed questions with a Likert scale, whose analysis was carried out with descriptive statistics. The most relevant results indicate that the majority of teaching professionals who were surveyed expressed a positive or neutral perception regarding their knowledge about the benefits of using games in teaching the Shuar language, in addition to a significant proportion of teachers. Respondents experience difficulties in adapting games in teaching the Shuar language. It has also been revealed that the majority of teachers see that the use of games improves students' pronunciation in the Shuar language; At the same time, it has been shown that a vast majority of teaching professionals consider that the use of games facilitates the retention of concepts of the Shuar language by schoolchildren. It is concluded that an intervention proposal has been created consisting of a training program that trains teachers in the use of games as a didactic strategy to strengthen the Shuar language to promote the teaching-learning process of the Shuar language.
Keywords:
The biomechanical characteristics and training suggestions of adolescent basketball players’ directional dribbling movements
Authors: Sun Xun , Qian Haonan , Zhou Quan , Zhang Donglan
Published: February 2025

Such a study in the biomechanical characterization of the movements involved in directional dribbling can be undertaken with adolescent basketball players to provide evidence in training recommendations. It demonstrates complex interactions between different biomechanical components during directional dribbling by using large-scale analysis of joint kinematics, dynamic parameters, and movement control strategies. The movement execution and performance outcome are mostly influenced by individual, technical, and environmental factors. A structured training program combining physical conditioning, technical skill development, and injury prevention strategies was implemented and evaluated over a 12-week period. The outcomes of this program demonstrated significant improvements in performance factors, including movement efficiency, accuracy, and decision-making. These findings contribute to the theoretical understanding and applied implications in basketball training and offer key information for coaches and practitioners working with adolescent athletes.
Attitudes of Female University Students towards Studying English Language Courses via Virtual Classes
Authors: Makki Alwia Awad
Published: February 2025

Teaching English Language through virtual classrooms is regarded as a new experience. Consequently, a scientific and methodical investigation is needed to understand its advantages, disadvantages, problems and level of satisfaction among students. This study seeks to discover the attitudes of female EFL students at Taif University concerning the utilization of virtual classrooms for English courses instructions. A descriptive survey research approach of a quantitative nature was employed. The study took place at Taif University in Saudi Arabia. Along with two chosen colleges for the study: Applied College and Turabah University College. All students participated in the same course via online classes. In total, the sample size for this study was 227 female students. The samples were chosen from the entire group of the participants which consisted of 868 individuals. The instrument utilized for gathering data was a 26-items questionnaire. According to the analysis of the students' responses, the study reflected that students have positive attitudes towards learning English via virtual classrooms. Moreover; the quantitative data showed that students expressed higher satisfaction with online classrooms and preferred this approach for learning the English Language. Nevertheless; technical issues hindered some of the students from utilizing virtual classrooms efficiently. The limitations of the study highlight the need for future research to explore EFL virtual classrooms among diverse students groups and context, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Also teachers should consider students' views and feelings when delivering EFL materials.
O USO ORAL DA CURCUMINA É SEGURO?: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Prete de Carvalho Vitória , Felipe Toro Luan , Estevam Simonato Luciana , Vinícius Debortoli Caio , Zacarin Guiati Isabella
Published: February 2025

Introdução: O uso de plantas medicinais está relacionado à medicina popular de diferentes partes do
mundo. Curcuma longa L (um rizoma amarelo) conhecido como açafrão, tem sido usado como
medicamento com uma ampla variedade de indicações. Existem artigos na literatura relatando a
capacidade anti-inflamatória dos componentes da curcumina e, no contexto atual, a pesquisa sobre os
efeitos tóxicos quando administrados é relevante. Objetivos: Uma revisão integrativa da literatura foi
desenvolvida para explorar e condensar informações sobre a toxicidade da curcumina quando usada por
via oral. Material e Métodos: Para realizar as pesquisas, foi usado o descritor: “Segurança no Uso Oral
da Curcumina” nos bancos de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, SciELO
e Literatura Latino - Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde. Um total de 100 artigos foram
encontrados,onde 93 artigos foram rejeitados por serem duplicados, incompletos ou porque não
abordavam o tópico deste trabalho e 7 foram selecionados para revisão. Resultados e Discussão: Nos
estudos analisados, não foram relatados efeitostóxicos graves relacionados ao uso oral de curcumina. Os
resultados deste estudo analisaram taxas de sobrevida geral, sobrevida livre de progressão, resposta
tumoral e eventos adversos, demonstrando que a terapia usada em associação com o uso oral de curcumina
apresentoutaxas de sobrevivência a longo prazo com resultados de toxicidade aceitáveis. Esses achados
podem ser justificados com base na baixa toxicidade inerente da curcumina e seus efeitos farmacológicos
já conhecidos, incluindo sua atividade anti-inflamatória, antioxidante e antineoplásica, o que a torna um
potencial agente complementar na quimioterapia do câncer. Conclusão: Através da observação e análise
dos resultados relacionados à toxicidade encontrados pelos autores incluídos nesta revisão, conclui-se
que a curcumina é segura quando usada por via oral, não exibindo efeitos adversos graves em pacientes que
a usaram, no entanto, há um obstáculo em relação à sua biodisponibilidade e estabilidade química,
exigindo novos estudos para que novas formulações com maior biodisponibilidade e estabilidade
química possam ser usadas como estratégias terapêuticas.
IMPORTÂNCIA DO DIAGNÓSTICO DIFERENCIAL DO LÍQUEN ESCLEROSO VULVAR: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Stefanin Fuzatti Juliana , dos Santos Carrera Thalita , Estevam Simonato Luciana , Cristina Nunez Silvia
Published: February 2025

Introdução: Doenças vulvares como o líquen escleroso são frequentemente diagnosticadas em mulheres
pós-menopáusicas, sendo caracterizadas por atrofia e prurido intenso. No entanto, algumas condições
malignas, como os carcinomas in situ, podem mimetizar clinicamente essas lesões inflamatórias crônicas
e até serem provenientes de evolução de lesões de líquen não diagnosticadas e não tratadas
precocemente. Este caso descreve uma paciente diagnosticada tardiamente com líquen escleroso na
vulva, que foi posteriormente diagnosticada com carcinoma espinocelular bem diferenciado após
biópsia. Metodologia: A paciente, uma mulher de 68 anos, foi encaminhada ao serviço de ginecologia
apresentando prurido vulvar persistente e lesões esbranquiçadas na vulva previamente tratada como
candidíase de repetição. Foi realizado um exame clínico detalhado, sugerindo inicialmente líquen
escleroso e uma biópsia das áreas afetadas com úlceras para confirmar o diagnóstico e avaliar possível
evolução da lesão para carcinoma. O tratamento inicial consistiu em corticoides tópicos, com melhora
parcial dos sintomas. Resultados: A biópsia revelou áreas de displasia epitelial significativa,
diagnosticadas como carcinoma espinocelular bem diferenciado. A paciente foi submetida a uma excisão
cirúrgica das áreas afetadas, e o exame histopatológico confirmou o diagnóstico. Não houve invasão de
tecidos adjacentes. Conclusão: Este caso ressalta a importância do seguimento rigoroso em pacientes
com lesões vulvares crônicas. Embora o líquen escleroso seja uma condição benigna, a persistência dos
sintomas ou o surgimento de novas lesões deve levantar a suspeita de malignidade. O carcinoma in situ,
quando diagnosticado precocemente, pode ser tratado de forma eficaz com excisão local, evitando a
progressão para formas invasivas do câncer.
The Importance of Nutritional Food Education for Pregnant Women
Authors: Jabal Rahmah Qori , Rahma Savira Salsabila  , Rizky Astuti
Published: February 2025

The nutritional needs of pregnant women in each trimester are different, this is adjusted to the growth and development of the fetus and the health of the mother. The purpose of this research was to determine the importance of nutrition for pregnant women. The method used in this research is literature review. Selection of journal articles according to inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria in this study included journals on nutrition for pregnant women, pregnant women with anemia, pregnant women with chronic lack of energy, journal articles in the last 5 years. Exclusion criteria included pregnant women who consumed nutritious food. The results of this study found that nutrition in pregnant women can cause disturbances to pregnant women and also the fetus they contain. Nutrition in pregnant women is influenced by knowledge, the higher the knowledge of pregnant women, the lower the risk of pregnant women being affected by disorders during pregnancy, pregnant women should eat a lot of foods that contain protein, vegetables and fruits that contain lots of vitamins. If nutrition is inadequate, it will cause various complications of pregnancy, including anemia, chronic lack of energy, premature birth, low birth weight (LBW), bleeding during delivery and infection.
An Islamic Perspective on Tofu Industry
Authors: Viktoria Pitaloka Sari Viki
Published: February 2025

Producing tofu in hamletKanoman uses the same process from soaking soybeans to molding tofu, the only ingredients used are soybean seeds and vinegar or water as a seasoning. The tools used in processing the average for production use selepan which is driven by a motor for the soybean milling process. The purpose of this study was to determine the principles of Islamic production for tofu making in Kanoman, Gagaksipat Village, Ngemplak District, Boyolali Regency. This research is a field research that focuses on tofu production. With data obtained from interviews and observations. The results of data analysis indicate that there is one production that does not meet production standards and the disposal of tofu production waste is dumped into the river becausethe producer does not consider the surrounding environment as a place that must be protected.
Existence of Female Ulama in the Election of Religious Decisions of Rural Communities in Sedan,Rembang
Authors: Moch. Rusli  , Ikhda Khullatil Mardliyah
Published: February 2025

Sedan is one of the sub-districts that has the highest level of religious adherence in Rembang Regency and has fanaticism towards female ulema. This study discusses the role of female ulema in influencing rural communities. This study aims to discuss the existence of female ulema, especially in the village in influencing the community in deciding their religious actions because of the authority that these female ulema has. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach. The analysis and data collection process was carried out by observation and interviews with informants whose backgrounds were female ulema who preached, young women, middle-aged women, all of whom came from rural areas. The activity started with the preaching activities of female ulema, efforts to approach rural communities, and paying attention to washatiyah through their preaching methods. From this research it is known that in the rural area, female ulema have an important influence as evidenced by the high number of rural people who come every preaching of female ulema, people often turn to female ulema in determining their main decisions related to religious matters, so that women ulema are very entrusted with rural community activities. This has a positive impact on the community with the ease with which the community makes religious decisions because of the existence and authority of female ulema in the midst of rural communities.
Historical Study of the Ibn Abbas As-Salafy Islamic Boarding School in Sragen
Authors: Fuadi Moh. Ashif
Published: February 2025

This study discusses the history of the development of the Ibn Abbas As-Salafy Islamic Boarding School at Sragen, Cental Java, Indonesia which began with a discussion of history, dynamics and contributions to the religious field of the Boarding School from 2006 to 2020. The author uses historical research methods by selecting themes or topics, heuristics, source criticism, interpretation and historiography or historical writing. The research outlines historical facts that focus on primary data in the form of archives, written documents, and interviews with historical actors and witnesses and supported by relevant literature. The results of this study described the dynamics and contribution of the boarding school to the religious education of the Beku village community. The Boarding School experienced three periods of development. The journey began at the pioneering stage in 2000-2005, then continued in 2006-2012, which was a period of pesantren development, and in 2013-2020, it became the peak period which was marked by the progress of the education and infrastructure program of the Boarding School. The Boarding School has become a place for students to build a generation of Quranic memorizers and memorizers of the Qur'an. In addition, it has had a positive impact on the people of Beku village. The positive impact is in the form of forming a religious society in accordance with the Qur'an and as Sunnah through community education organized by the pesantren.
Innovative Strategies for Developing the Arabic Language Debate Community at FIT IAIN Surakarta
Authors: Mokhamad Azis Aji Abdilah
Published: February 2025

Speaking skill, or mahārah al-kalām, is a skill that requires more than just linguistic proficiency; it also requires a certain setting and amount of practice. In addition to directly enhancing students' Arabic speaking abilities, the debate technique can unintentionally foster a language environment that has a significant impact on foreign language learners. The purpose of this study is to evaluate how well the debate approach works for enhancing Arabic speaking abilities. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach and is conducted in the field. The note-taking method is the data collection methodology, and the intralingual equivalent method is used to evaluate the collected data. Overall proficiency in speaking Arabic has increased significantly by 61.5% as a result of this study. There was an 84% rise in the pronunciation component when speaking skills were taken into consideration. The percentage improvement was 87% in the vocabulary area. The percentage rise in PBA students' debate in the comprehension area was 75%, the percentage improvement in the fluency area was 82%, and the percentage gain in grammar accuracy was 74%. Pronunciation and fluency had the greatest average scores across the five categories in the PBA student debate community's post-test evaluation.
User Experience Analysis of Mobile Banking Applications in Indonesia Using Usability Testing and the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ): A Case Study of Bank Syariah Indonesia
Authors: Cherina Pancha Resyita  , Najma Nur Maulida  , Sucik Lestari
Published: February 2025

This study aims to explore user experiences in utilizing mobile banking applications in Indonesia through usability testing and the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). The rapid growth of mobile banking technology necessitates a focused approach to understanding user experiences to ensure applications are both efficient and satisfying to use. Usability testing is employed to evaluate how well mobile banking applications meet user needs and expectations. Users perform a series of tasks designed to cover the core features of the application, while researchers observe and record responses, difficulties, and the time required to complete each task. The results of the usability testing provide detailed insights into specific issues encountered by users when interacting with mobile banking applications. These findings offer an in-depth perspective on the strengths and weaknesses of existing mobile banking applications in Indonesia. This information can guide application developers in implementing necessary improvements and enhancements, ensuring that users have a more satisfying and efficient experience when using mobile banking services. Furthermore, this study contributes to raising awareness and understanding of user-centered development practices in mobile banking application design in Indonesia.
The Influence of Content Marketing, Message Framing, and Brand Image on Student Interest in Using Bank Syariah Indonesia Services in Solo Raya
Authors: Anggraheni Inawati Nur Erlita
Published: February 2025

The objective of this study is to examine whether content marketing, message framing, and brand image influence the interest of students in Solo Raya in utilizing the products and services of Bank Syariah Indonesia. This research employs a quantitative methodology, with the sample selected through non-probability sampling, focusing on students from five universities in Solo Raya. Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire with a Likert scale measurement, resulting in 1200 valid responses. The data analysis method utilized is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the assistance of SPSS software. The findings reveal that content marketing and brand image have a positive impact on students' interest in using BSI's products and services, while message framing does not significantly influence their interest.
The Role of Inter-faith Understanding in Catechetical Ministry: Lessons from Silsilah’s Madaris-Gurus and Catechists Formation Program
Authors: Rance Benson
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the lessons learned by Roman Catholic Catechists through interactions with Islamic Faith Teachers (Madaris-Gurus) in Silsilah’s Madaris-Gurus and Catechists Formation Program in Zamboanga City, Basilan, and Jolo. It addresses a gap in literature regarding the perceived effects of these interactions on catechetical practices in this ecclesiastical area of Mindanao. Using a descriptive qualitative design, supported by documentary review and textual analysis, the study focuses on the experiences of catechists who participated from 2008 to 2019. Data sources include program proceedings, reflection papers, and semi-structured interviews with two catechists from each area. The findings highlight how interfaith engagement enriches catechetical ministry, fosters understanding, and adapts pastoral practices to religiously diverse environments.
Deepening Reflection: The Role of Reflective Music in Enhancing “Lectio Divina”
Authors: Puerta Billy Jan
Published: February 2025

Today, the world is increasingly characterized by advancements in science and technology, while the concept of the Divine and the essence of religiosity are being ignored. With this reality, Christendom, like the Catholic Church, is vigorous in her efforts to rekindle interest in God and deepen spiritual connections through various spiritual exercises. A prime example of such endeavors is among Catholic educational institutions, particularly those that emphasize the role of “Lectio Divina,” a known spiritual practice designed to foster a deeper understanding and relationship with God through reading and contemplating the Gospels in silence. This study explores the role of reflective music in improving the “Lectio Divina” experience of the students, pointing out that music significantly contributes to developing higher-order thinking skills such as reflection and meditation on the Gospel. Through a phenomenological approach, insights were gathered from six students, revealing that reflective and instrumental music plays a vital role in facilitating a deeper connection with the Divine. The findings highlight five thematic reflections that underscore the transformative power of music in spiritual exercises, ultimately affirming “Lectio Divina” as a viable tool for catechesis and holistic development.
Applications of the Kolb experiential learning cycle to improve the attitude of nursing students toward older people
Authors: Kao Chieh Chun
Published: February 2025

Purpose: This study adopted the Kolb experiential learning cycle as the framework to examine nursing students participating in an experiential intervention and their changes in attitude toward older people. Method: A quasi-experimental design was employed, and purposive sampling was used to recruit 280 nursing students from a technical college in northern Taiwan, of which 142 and 138 students were respectively assigned to the experimental and control groups. A structural questionnaire was administered to collect information regarding the students' attitude toward older people before and after the intervention. Results: After participating in the experiential intervention, the students´ overall attitude toward older people improved significantly. "Attitude toward physiological condition" was the most influential of all dimensions. The attitude change toward older people varied according to nursing students´ age and frequency of interaction with older people. The total variance can be explained by the final regression equation 13%. Conclusion: The experiential intervention protocol of this study can serve as reference for nursing scholars to adjusting the content of gerontological nursing courses. Many intergenerational activities also suggested to design in nursing courses to promote the younger generation' s engagement in geriatric care occupations.
Application of transitional theory to explore the related factors of life adaptation in elderly who relocated to long-term care institutions
Authors: Lin Ya Ping , Chang Hsiao Yun
Published: February 2025

Background: Population aging, low fertility and the transformation of family structures, these has made elderly move to institutions increasing year by year. The relocation often creates stress and affects one's health and illness. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore the care issues regarding the relocation to institutions and the adaptation. Purpose: Using the transition theory to explore the related factors of relocation stress syndrome, health status and life adaptation after elderly relocated to long-term care institutions is the purpose of this study. Method: This correlational study used a convenience sampling method to recruit 108 who resided institution within a year from 11 Kaohsiung long-term care institutions. The questionnaire contained personal information, checklist for relocation stress syndrome and life adaptation scale. Result: After elderly relocated to long-term care institutions, their life adaptation was correlated and affected with the following factors: relocation characteristics such as economics, health status, institution features etc. , resident duration and relocation stress . Conclusion: The findings can help care team comprehensively understand the problems of life adaption for elderly' s relocation in advance and provide appropriate care in order to enhance life satisfaction and promote physiological and psychological health. The most important thing is to make individual live a meaningful and purposeful life in later life.
A study on disaster prevention and mitigation literacy (DPML) of primary and secondary school teachers in Macao
Authors: Ku Wai Heng , Li Mei Kuen
Published: February 2025

Background: Each year, Macao receives over 30 million visitors after Macao's handover back to China. Macao's population density is top ranking in the world, which comes with high risk of different kind of disasters and dangers. The Macao government should learn from other Asian countries and regions, to provide public education in primary and secondary schools. Aim: This study aimed to explore the Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Literacy (DPML) among primary and secondary school teachers in Macao. Findings will provide evidence for the Macao government on designing disaster prevention training for primary and secondary school teachers. Method: Primary and secondary school teachers who had registered with the Macao Education and Youth Affairs Bureau were recruited using stratified sampling. Subjects voluntarily completed the modified "Primary and Secondary School Teachers DPML in Disaster Prevention Questionnaire". Results: A total of 265 valid questionnaires were received. In which 164 were from secondary school teachers (60%) and 101 for primary school teachers (40%). The scores of disaster prevention technique and knowledge were dispersed. The scores of disaster prevention attitude were clustered. The overall disaster prevention attitude level for teacher was high and satisfied. Secondary school teachers had higher scores in disaster prevention knowledge, while primary school teachers had higher scores in disaster prevention attitude. Female had better scores than male in disaster prevention attitude. Teachers with more working experience also had better disaster prevention and mitigation literacy. Conclusion and recommendations: The findings indicate that disaster prevention education among Macao primary and secondary school teachers are needed in Macao. The Macao government should establish a disaster training programs to all school teachers. In these programs, disaster prevention knowledge for primary school teachers and the disaster prevention attitude for secondary school teachers should be emphasized, and male, young age, with less working experience teachers should be targeted.
Cinenurducation in nursing education, a case study
Authors: Tang Lee Chun
Published: February 2025

Cinenurducation is derived from medical education, which helps students to explore and understand the related issues of humanities and society in clinical practice. It is confirmed by the relevant researches that the cinenurducation can promote the ability of communication, reflection, interaction, and cultural sensitivity of learners in medical related fields. It is an important and valuable learning material in the potential course, but its use in nursing education has not been widely pubished. This paper sharesthe experience of its application in an elective nursing course that is based on the literature.
The association between smoking and secondary or recurrent stroke: a systematic review
Authors: He Huijuan , Okoli Chizimuzo T. C.
Published: February 2025

Objective: The objectives of this study was to examine the association between continued smoking and secondary/recurrent stroke. Methods: Scientific articles published prior to February 2018 on smoking and secondary stroke were reviewed. PubMed and China National Knowledge Internet databases were used for literature searches, using the following key terms: ""stroke"", ""cerebral vascular accident"", ""smoking"", ""tobacco use"", ""smokeless tobacco use"", ""secondary stroke"", ""repeat stroke"", ""second stroke"". Results: Nine studies were retrieved and analyzed. All studies included patients with ischemic stroke. The rates of smoking among patients with a recurrent stroke ranged from 14% to 84%. There was a relationship between current smoking and an increased risk for a secondary stroke. No difference was found in the risk for a subsequent stroke between quitters and continued smokers. Conclusions: The findings of this review infer that continued smoking is related to an increased risk for a recurrent/secondary stroke, especially among ischemic stroke patients. The findings stress the important role of nurses in educating patients and other health care providers about the relationship between smoking cessation and stroke prevention. Furthermore, this review highlights the role of nurses to advocate for tobacco control policies and smoking cessation support, which will help reduce the risk of primary or secondary stroke.
Experience of central venous catheter care for chemotherapy in new graduate nurses programs
Authors: Chou Pei Chun , Lin Su Chen , Yeh Yu Chen , Chen Hui Mei , Chen Yi Lun
Published: February 2025

Nurse educators are encountering challenges in actual medical settings. Therefore, modifying current teaching strategies for enhancing the quality of nursing education has become an urgent concern. Based on the student-centered education model, the challenges that educators encounter typically involve modifying teaching strategies according to the needs and characteristics of learners. Nursing care of central venous catheters are important skills for oncology nurses. As the paradigm in healthcare nowadays is the evidence-based, patient-centered decision making, the issue of shared decision making (SDM) is highlighted in cancer care. We use the simulation and combine the SDM to teach new nurses. This paper aims to share the experience in clinical teaching for improving future nursing education.
Prevention of COVID-19 pandemic in Macao: experience from the MengFai nursing home
Authors: Lu Yun Yin
Published: February 2025

The COVID-19 has now spread to a global outbreak from China since December 2019, more than 1.5 million people have been infected and more than 90000 have died all over the world. There are 45 cases diagnosed in Macau. The elderly, especially with long-term diseases is the most susceptible population. Thus, the infection prevention and control is very important in nursing homes. This paper reviews the experiences from Mengfai nursing home in COVID pandemic since January 2020, to share the prevention and control of the pandemic with other nursing staff working in communities.
Social support and associated factors in non-COVID-19 patients: an investigation in a designated hospital for COVID-19
Authors: Tao Hongmei , Yu Cuixiang , Long Fengjiao , He Lanman , Xie Rongzhi , Zhou Song , Tian Zhiwu
Published: February 2025

Objective: To investigate the social support of non-COVID-19 inpatients in the designated hospital for the COVID-19 patients, and to analyze the influencing factors of the social support. Methods: The convenience sampling method was used. From February to March 2020, the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) was used to investigate the social support status of non-COVID-19 inpatients in a designated hospital for COVID-19 patients, and multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results: A total of 110 valid respondents were investigated. The total score of social support was 44.61±33.61. The scores of the three dimensions from high to low were: subjective support (52.71 ± 8.43), objective support (49.5 ± 26.75), and utilization of social support (40.38 ± 14.63). Marriage, gender, education level, and whether to inform others about hospitalization incidents are independent influencing factors for non-COVID-19 inpatients' social support. The total social support score for the patient cared by spouse is higher than the patient who is cared for by others, and the total score for a patient with one sibling is higher than that for a patient with no siblings or two or more siblings. Conclusion: The social support of non-COVID-19 inpatients in the designated hospital is in a moderate level. Health professionals should provide more support for those non-COVID-19 inpatients who is male, married, lower education level, cared by parents and child, not revealing hospitalization to people around.
Preventions of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia infections in a hospital ward with advanced kidney disease patients
Authors: Ai Yu , Yu Xiaoying , Hu Juan , Liu Min
Published: February 2025

Patients with advanced kidney disease are more susceptible to Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (NPC) infection than other people because of the detrimental immune system with the patients. It is important for health professionals to protect the patients with advanced kidney disease in their daily services. This article describes preventive strategies taken by health professionals in the kidney ward in a hospital in Mianyang, Sichuan, China, including establishment of an executive team, development of dialysis procedures, investigation of admitted patients epidemiology history related to NCP, and training of health professionals. Thanks to the implementation of these measures, together with the overall success of control in Mianyang, no NCP infections were detected among the patients in the ward. While these measures might have been affective during NCP epidemic, they may also be effective to control hospital-associated infections in other circumstances.
Reflections on a dementia screening program for the elderly in Macao community
Authors: Wu Jianwei , Vai Man Chi , Leong Sok Man , Lei Wai In , Chao Ka Kei , Che Sok Leng , Van Iat Kio
Published: February 2025

Early detection and early diagnosis of dementia are critical. A dementia screening program co-organized by Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Dr. Stanley Ho Medical Development Foundation and Macau Alzheimer's Disease Association was conducted in three community centers at Macao from November 2016 to June 2017, aiming to identify early cases of dementia in the community and promote early detection and diagnosis of dementia. A total of 257 participants were screened, and 90 of them were dementia suspicious cases in terms of cognitive function. This article described the background, process and results of the screening program. And it suggested that the early detection and diagnosis of dementia can be achieved by strengthening community empowerment, public education and support after screening, and creating a dementia-friendly social atmosphere. In addition, screening tools should be carefully selected based on the scale of screening, community population characteristics, and other factors.
Revision and validation of the Hospice Care Attitude Scale
Authors: Che Sok Leng , Tam Kuai In , Zhu Mingxia , Leong Sok Man
Published: February 2025

Objective: To revise the Hospice Care Attitude Scale and examine its reliability and validity. Method: Referencing literatures based specifically upon the Chinese population, a draft questionnaire measuring the attitude towards hospice care was revised. Having evaluated by an expert panel, a pilot study was conducted to revise the draft questionnaire. A sample of 635 Macao residents completed the Hospice Care Attitude Scale. Result: Item analysis and exploratory factor analysis were conducted, the scale extracted three dimensions, including psychological, biological and social, contains 11 items. The cumulative variance contribution rate was 58.94%, Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the total scale was 0.79, and of the psychological, biological and social subscales were 0.40 to 0.78. The test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient) of the total scale was 0.94, and of the reliabilities of the three subscales were 0.74 to 0.96. Conclusion: The Hospice Care Attitude Scale has good reliability and validity, it can therefore be used to measure the attitude towards hospice care perceived by the general population in Chinese regions.
An exploration of the development of nursing education in Macao from the perspective of international informatics nursing
Authors: Hung Tan , Van Iat Kio , Cheong Pak Leng
Published: February 2025

With the development of information technology, the traditional medical care industry is gradually replaced by interdisciplinary application. Nowadays, nursing staffs are expected to have the basic ability to handle clinical records and care-related information systems. Facing the accelerated establishment of smart medical system in Macao, the trend is to cultivate talent in informatics nursing. This article aims to summarize the development of international informatics nursing and provide a reference for the reformation of nursing education in Macao. As a result, the article contributes to enhancing knowledge of informatics nursing among the nursing profession and thereby promoting the growth of informatics nursing in Macao.
Community prevention and control strategies for Diabetes complications in Macao
Authors: Lei Keng Seong , Mao Aimei
Published: February 2025

Diabetes is a common chronic disease. Community prevention and control measures affect patients' self-management of the illness, thus affecting the occurrence and outcome of complications. The measures for controlling Diabetes complications in the community of Macao are carried out at two levels: the government sponsored anti-Diabetes programs, and the anti-Diabetes activities carried out by non-governmental organizations. In addition to health educations on Diabetes related knowledge and skills, screenings of complications are provided for the participants who participate in the programs and the activities. The local health professionals have taken use of the technology advancement in the past years and Diabetes smartphone applications have been developed to monitor patients' conditions. This article reviewed the anti-Diabetes measures in Macao, also discussed the future developments of anti-Diabetes strategies.
Admissibility Issues in Forensic Document Examination
Authors: Vastrick Thomas W.
Published: February 2025

The admissibility of forensic document examination has, on occasion, been challenged in courts across the United States. This paper reviews the requirements and guidelines under U.S. Supreme Court decisions of recent years as related to Rule 702 of the Federal Rules of Evidence and compares them to studies, research, methodologies, testing, and publications within the discipline of forensic document examination that relate to these guidelines, and outlines how forensic document examination meets and exceeds each of these guidelines. In addition, this paper reviews statements made by critics in testimony and nonpeer reviewed articles concerning forensic document examination as it relates to admissibility issues. These statements are compared with the raw data on which many of the statements were based. Many of the critics’ conclusions were inaccurate.
The Importance of Line Width Measurements in Discriminating Between Pencil Types
Authors: Anderson Chris , Gudlaugsdottir Sigurbjorg , Stat M App , Leslie Julian
Published: February 2025

Various graphical and statistical analyses were undertaken to investigate whether, in a specimen of pencil writing, it was possible to determine if the writing instrument was a mechanical pencil or a wood-cased pencil. A further consideration was whether it was possible to determine the diameter and/or softness of the lead for mechanical pencils. Ten writers provided samples using each pencil type, together with 4 levels of softness. The maximum width for a character was the measurement of interest. It was found that for particular soft leads it was possible to distinguish diameters of mechanical pencil leads. Distinguishing between mechanical and wood pencils depended on the softness and the diameter of lead. Small diameter soft leads in mechanical pencils were easily distinguished from wood pencils. In the remaining cases, differentiation between mechanical and wood-cased pencils was not readily established.
The Significant Contributions of David J. Purtell to the Field of Forensic Document Examination
Authors: Owens Maureen Casey
Published: February 2025

David J. Purtell was invited to attend his first meeting of the American Society of Questioned Document Examiners in 1959, and was voted into Regular membership in 1961. He was one of the first government document examiners to hold membership in the Society. His document examination career dates from 1947 through 1985, and encompasses a myriad of contributions to the profession of forensic document examination and to the advancement and goals of its professional organizations.
Limited Populations – Are They Feasible for Handwriting Examinations?
Authors: Anderson Chris , Leslie Julian
Published: February 2025

The term limited population refers to an examination involving a small number of potential writers who could have written a questioned document containing a very limited number of characters. An investigation was undertaken to ascertain the impact a limited population of writers would have on identifying the actual writer. Two simple statistical models were used in this study. Unsurprisingly, the chance of identifying the writer reduces as the number of potential writers increases. However, this reduction became quite marked for certain values of quantities used in the models. The quantities of relevance were the number of key distinguishing features in the writing and 2 probabilities—1 associated with incorrectly deciding that a character was not written by the writer of the questioned document and the other associated with correctly identifying a character as not written by a person who did not write the questioned document.
Application of Hyperspectral Imaging to Forensic Document Examination Problems
Authors: Ostrum R. Brent
Published: February 2025

Imaging spectroscopy is a powerful tool used extensively in many different remote-sensing applications. The parallel to applications in forensic document examination is exact, but the potential of this method has not been fully explored. A customized imaging system based on electronically tunable filters was used to generate hyperspectral image data from ink samples known to be difficult to differentiate using other spectral methods. The potential of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) as a tool for forensic document problems was evaluated specifically for ink differentiations and the decipherment of obliterations on questioned documents. In this study, various HSI methods were used to show differences between test inks. The most effective results were seen in plots of spectra response, while other methods (such as pseudo-color images of select bands) proved to be ineffective. Select results were also compared to those obtained using a VSC-2000 and found to be as good or better. The basis for a fully automated HSI analysis system was developed.
Forensic Image Analysis of Laser-Printed Documents
Authors: Mazzella Williams D. , Marquis Raymond
Published: February 2025

A preliminary study was undertaken to determine if objective measurements, using a proprietary image analysis system, may be routinely applied for the analysis of electrophotographic-printed documents, in particular laser-printed documents. Text and dot-quality objective measurements were studied to differentiate printed outputs. This paper highlights the complementarity of forensic image analysis to classical methods employed for the analysis of laser-printed documents. Some practical tests were prepared and discussed. Discriminant analysis correctly classified the samples from the tests, thus demonstrating that forensic imaging analysis is realistically applicable in closed-set cases (where the number of potential laser printers can be clearly defined) and in page substitution cases.
Frequency of Signature Styles in San Diego County
Authors: Mohammed Linton , Found Bryan , Rogers Doug
Published: February 2025

Signatures may be classified into 3 basic structural types: text-based (each allograph can be read clearly), mixed (at least 2 allographs are legible), and stylized (1 or no allograph is legible). The relative frequency of these signature types in the San Diego (USA) population was determined by sampling 1,500 signatures from Juror Summons forms. Of interest to this study were the relationships between type of signature, gender, and ethnicity. This survey disclosed that females more commonly wrote text-based signatures than mixed or stylized types, whereas males more commonly wrote in a mixed or stylized form than in a text-based form. The difference between the genders with respect to the extent of signature stylisation was highly significant (Chi-square = 138.1, p < 0.0005). No remarkable differences were found between the frequencies of the 3 signature types in the Hispanic versus the non-Hispanic populations of signers. When the signature types within each of the ethnic groups were compared according to gender, no differences were found between the Hispanic and non-Hispanic males, and only a small (questionable) difference was found between the Hispanic and non-Hispanic female writers.