bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
URGENCY OF USING HIDDEN DATA TRANSMISSION IN VIDEO FILES
Authors: Kataieva Yevheniia , Rebrikov Anton
Published: December 2021

The article examines the problems of protecting information from unwanted access, which have tried to solve throughout the existence of mankind. Nowadays, the widespread use of electronic means of communication, electronic eavesdropping and fraud, a variety of computer viruses and other electronic hazards, electronic systems place high demands on the protection of information. Thus, the study of digital steganography is an urgent task. There are two main areas of hidden data transmission: cryptography and steganography. The purpose of cryptography is to restrict access to information by encrypting it. Unlike cryptography, steganography allows you to hide the very fact of the presence of hidden data. The study examined the main methods of covert data transmission using computer steganography, namely: the method of using system-reserved areas of digital data formats, methods of hiding information by special formatting of text files, which include the use of word, sentence or paragraph shift, selection certain positions of letters in the text or the use of properties of system fields that are not displayed on the screen, the method of using simulation functions, methods of using unused disk sectors, the method of using redundant media files (audio, photo and video). Currently, due to the growth of information and increasing the bandwidth of communication channels, the issue of hiding information in video sequences is becoming increasingly important. The transmission of digital video in recent years is a typical event and does not arouse suspicion. In the course of the research the peculiarities of hiding information in video files are considered, the comparison of existing algorithms of computer video steganography is made. The task is to develop your own algorithm for embedding information in the blue color channel of video files. The object of research is the transfer of hidden data in digital media files. The subject of research is the transmission of hidden data in the video stream. The purpose of research is to review the subject area, to examine the available methods of embedding information in media files in general and specifically in video files, to identify the advantages and disadvantages of existing algorithms, to develop their own algorithm of video steganography based on previously obtained research results. Research methods - methods of information theory, probability theory and mathematical statistics; methods of digital processing of signals, static images and video files; methods of vector analysis. The results of research - an overview of the features of hiding information in video files, compared existing algorithms of computer video steganography.
SITUATIONAL METHOD OF ENVIRONMENTAL RISK MANAGEMENT OF TRANSPORT INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES PROJECTS IN A CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Authors: Bakulich Olena , Kis Iryna
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the study of theoretical and methodological provisions of environmental risk management for projects of transport enterprises, in particular, the use of the situational method. The relevance of certain issues is due to the transformations of the national and world economies, characterized by the formation of the basis of a circular economy in developed countries, as well as the further development of Industry 4.0 and related changes. Circular economy and Industry 4.0 are significant attributes of the economic activity of a modern enterprise, the influence of which determines the adaptation and development of a business entity. Changes caused by the above-mentioned features of the external environment of transport enterprises encourage the revision and improvement of the existing methodological tools for risk management. The situational method of risk management for projects of transport enterprises is the tool that today is able to provide a business entity with a basis for proactive adaptation to changes in the conditions for the implementation of activities by quickly responding to the determination of the need and data generation for transforming the organizational and economic structure, gaining experience. The prerequisites for the introduction of the situational method into the system of risk management of environmental risks of projects of transport enterprises and its practical advantages are considered. The main errors occurring in the process of risk management are given. An algorithm for the situational method of risk management of transport enterprise projects has been formed, which is shown as a structural diagram for formalizing the risk management process and the possibility of its further improvement and implementation at the software level. It is proposed to define the situational method as a component of the proactive risk management of a transport company. Compliance with the ALARP principle in risk management of projects of transport enterprises is proposed, as well as the use of a multi-level analysis, from superficial to detailed.
Present-biased Government, Creative Accounting and a Pitfall in Balanced Budget Rules
Authors: De Castro-Valderrama Marcela
Published: December 2021

I propose a general equilibrium model with a quasi-hyperbolic discounting government that optimally decides upon using creative accounting in order to evaluate a balanced budget rule and a debt rule. In that context, I find that a binding balanced budget rule could fail to properly constrain public overindebtedness when government uses creative accounting while a debt rule is effective, since targets are set on total public liabilities. Results suggest that a balanced budget fiscal rule can also deteriorate welfare due to the higher interest rates derived from doing operations under the line, implying future expenditure cuts that are harmful for households, who value public goods and services. A debt rule is also preferred for its capacity to reverse some welfare losses generated by the present-biased government.
Conservation genetics of conflict in the Asian elephant, Elephas maximus
Authors:   , Budd Kristin (Kris)
Published: December 2021

The Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) is an endangered species whose distribution spans 13 countries in south, southeast, and insular Asia. The primary threats to the survival of this species include direct conflict, primarily in the forms of poaching and crop-raiding, as well indirect conflict such as habitat loss and fragmentation. Due to the elephant's elusive behavior within their dense vegetative habitat and the fact that their large size presents handling dangers to researchers and elephants, research increasingly relies on noninvasive monitoring combined with a diverse assemblage of genetic tools. This dissertation uses conservation genetics to evaluate major conflict and conservation issues for Asian elephants. The first study, in the Bago Yoma region of Myanmar, evaluates the impact of direct human-conflict in a high-density area of humans and elephants. Here elephants are heavily impacted by the developing skin trade, and condensed populations frequently raid local farms forined the overall population structure and gained demographic insights as to what defines a crop-raider. The second study, conducted in the Nakai plateau elephant population of Lao PDR, compared and contrasted the diversity and demography of a population of high conservation value before and after the construction of a hydroelectric dam. The results revealed a seasonally shifting population, unique from the previous occupants of the plateau, and a decline in genetic diversity. In the final study, genetic data from across the species' range was used to identify hotspots of genetic diversity despite marker selection bias, a problem frequently encountered in conservation genetic studies. The results highlight the evolutionary distinctiveness and conservation value of populations, particularly in southeast Asia, for conservation management of this iconic species.
Spatial ability of transitioning 2d to 3d apparel design : applying apparel spatial visualization test (asvt) into virtual environment
Authors:   , Moritz Anna
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this was to develop a 3D Apparel Spatial Visualization Test to examine visualization skills and mental imagery in a virtual prototyping environment of students who major in textile apparel management at the college level. By examining the visualization skills and mental imagery in a virtual prototyping, this research sought to understand how 3D ASVT training could influence student's performance in a product development course. It also sought to examine how experience level (i.e.., number of courses a student has taken) effects performance on 3D ASVT. Results from this study indicated there was no relationship among general spatial ability tests and the developed 3D ASVT. Generally speaking, the study found that the number of product development courses taken positively influence scores on 3D ASVT; and there was not a significant difference among number of courses taken and performance. The study also found that scores on 3D ASVT positively influence performance in product development course
Correlation between the Serum Level of Interleukin-2 in Hemodialysis Patients and Severity of Renal Pruritus
Authors: Pranata Radema , Yuli Kurniawati  , Fitriani Fitriani , Legiran  , Soenarto Kartowigno  , Nopriyati
Published: December 2021

Renal pruritus (RP) is a condition or symptom that is often found in end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis (HD). The etiology of RP is multifactorial, one of it due to inflammation mediated by interleukin 2 (IL-2). Study on the correlation between serum level of IL-2 and the severity of RP is still limited. This study will analyze the correlation between serum level of IL-2 in patients undergoing HD and the severity of RP. Our method is cross sectional design at Hemodialysis Installation of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital. Serum level of IL-2 examined by ELISA, the severity of RP assessed by a 5 dimensional pruritus scale. Inclusion criteria in this study included HD patients with RP ≥ 9, age ≥ 18 years and willing to sign informed consent. The results from 28 male (59.6%) and 19 female (40.4%) are the mean serum level of IL-2 (pg/ml) is 0.424 ± 0.077. The mean RP severity score is 18.98 ± 2.74. A strong positive correlation between serum level of IL-2 and the severity of RP (r = 0.750, p = 0,000). Our conclusion is the increase of serum level IL-2 in line with severity of RP.
Epidemiology of Leprosy in Childhood: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Rusmawardiana  , Fifa Argentina  , Indri Widya Sari
Published: December 2021

Background: Children are the group most susceptible to Mycobacterium leprae infection. The proportion of new leprosy cases in children is indicator of successful leprosy elimination program from World Health Organization (WHO), so this study would like to know the epidemiology of pediatric leprosy at Dermatology and Venereology Polyclinic, Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang.

Methods: Retrospective study of all new cases of leprosy in children (0-17 years) who came to Dermatology and Venereology Polyclinic, Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang from January 2017 to December 2020.

Results: There were 10 pediatric patients (7.58%) from 132 new leprosy cases. Most cases (40%) were in the 15-17 age group. There are more male than female. Most types of leprosy are BL (60%) followed by TT (20%). Manifestations of hyperpigmented skin patches and nervous disorders, grade 1 disability, and type 2 leprosy reactions are mostly found in type BL leprosy. The duration of illness 6-12 months has a grade 1 disability (30%). The history of positive contact came from same household in 3 cases (30%) with 7 people (70%) domiciled in Palembang. All cases received Multidrug Therapy (MDT) treatment according to WHO guidelines.

Conclusion: Found 10 new cases of leprosy in children in Dermatology and Venereology Polyclinic Dr. Moh. Hoesin Palembang for four years, especially in the 15-17 age group, with the most cases being type BL leprosy. Household contact still plays an important role in leprosy transmission.
EVALUATION FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF HELICAL FIXATION PFN A2 IN PROXIMAL FEMUR FRACTURE IN ELDERLY
Authors: Singh Sawai , Chander Ram
Published: December 2021

Background: Intertrochantric fractures are the most frequently operated fractures and has the highest mortality and morbidity rates. Evaluation functional outcome of helical fixation pfn a2 in proximal femur fracture in elderly

Methods: Hospital based prospective randomized comparative study conducted on 30 patients with  Close  stable &unstable intertrochanteric femur fracture.

Results: As per HHS, we have found that 76.67% cases (23) under excellent category and 20.00% (6) good and 3.33% (1) fair of HHS.

Conclusion: We can conclude that the PROXIMAL FEMORAL NAIL ANTIROTATION2 is after proper training and technique a safe and easy implant option for treatment of complex peritertrochanteric fractures.

Keywords: HHS, Femur, fracture
Az Oszmán Birodalom hírszerzése
Authors: Majorosi Ádám
Published: December 2021

Az Oszmán Birodalom hírszerzése decentralizált volt és rendkívül nagy területet kellett átfognia. Elsősorban a nagyúri udvarokon (háztartásokon) nyugodott, ezért tanulmányom első nagyobb egysége ezekkel foglalkozik. A következő egységben a hírszerzést végző, különböző hátterű csoportokról lesz szó. Így például a mórokról, a zsidókról vagy a kereskedőkről. Majd írok a postai rendszerről, amely gyorsan célba juttatta az elhárító tevékenységgel kapcsolatos híreket. Ez is decentralizált volt, ami azonban semmit nem von le hatékonyságából. Következtetésekkel zárom a munkát. Ezek legfontosabbika: a rendszer hasonló problémákkal küzdött, mint például a központosított nyugati hírszerző szervezetek.
Brazil in the 21st century: A difficult path
Authors: Grigoryev Leonid M. , Starodubtseva Marina F.
Published: December 2021

Brazilian economic reforms in 21st century have great importance for the international community, especially for other countries of the middle level of development. The authors­ believe that, in spite of all the difficulties and crises, Brazil has made a decisive step forward by reforming its social structure and retaining democracy. Social reforms (especially­ minimal wage) led to strengthening middle class, but also to elevating its social aspirations. At this dramatic junction the economic development of the country was aggravated by external shocks and unsuccessful budget policies. The complex interaction of social macro­economic policies in Brazil with strong external shocks gives lessons to countries with similar characteristics. The pandemic and recession of 2020–2021 have made the path of development more complicated but there is room for optimism for Brazil in the long run.
Proposta de implementação de políticas de meritocracia e motivação entre os colaboradores: estudo de caso na Empresa no Pet Shop Belocão Comércio de Artigos e Alimentos para Animais Ltda
Authors: Carvalho Beatriz , Loureiro Guilherme Nascimento , Roberto José Carlos Alves , Almeida Victor da Silva , Leite Ygor Geann dos Santos
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo teve como propósito realizar um estudo de caso na empresa Belo Cão Comércio de Artigos e Alimentos para Animais LTDA. Seu ramo de atuação compreende o setor pet shop, sendo considerada uma empresa de pequeno porte. Inicialmente, foi realizada a análise das áreas funcionais onde identificou-se a área de Recursos Humanos como a mais crítica. Diante disto, visamos responder: como a implementação de uma política de reconhecimento profissional, baseada na meritocracia, pode contribuir para o aumento da produtividade individual dos colaboradores? O objetivo geral consiste em criar um plano de motivação junto aos colaboradores a partir do reconhecimento de seus desempenhos e performances. A metodologia empregada foi a coleta de dados, a pesquisa aplicada, descritiva e bibliográfica. A ferramenta interventiva utilizada foi o 5W2H. A partir dos resultados expressos na análise das áreas funcionais, pôde-se identificar as ações e as responsabilidades de execução, visando responder à pergunta problema deste artigo. Conclui-se que com a introdução das ações interventivas há a possibilidade de eliminar a desmotivação dos colaboradores, pleiteando um controle para administrar melhor os colaboradores a fim de desenvolver a empresa e desempenhar seu trabalho de maneira mais eficiente.
Controladoria aplicada nas micro e pequenas empresas como ferramenta de gestão
Authors: Borges Pedro Felipe Mendes , Santos Ana Paula de Lira dos , Roberto José Carlos Alves , Serra Meg Rocha da Cunha , Lopes Nelânia Ferreira
Published: December 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo demonstrar as dificuldades rotineiras presentes dentro das Micro e Pequenas Empresas (MPEs) e discutir sobre a contribuição da Controladoria como uma ferramenta de gestão. Entretanto, para o aprofundamento do assunto, levantou-se a seguinte pergunta norteadora: a controladoria pode ser usada como uma ferramenta de gestão para melhorar o desempenho econômico e organizacional das MPEs? Dessa maneira, tem como finalidade demonstrar o quão benéfica a controladoria pode ser para essas pequenas organizações. A metodologia utilizada para a criação deste estudo foi a pesquisa bibliográfica. Foram revisitados conteúdos já publicados, tais como livros, artigos, revistas, jornais e mídias agregadoras ao assunto. Referente aos resultados encontrados, destaca-se o dinamismo da controladoria e a versatilidade de suas funções, de forma que múltiplos âmbitos das MPEs foram contemplados pelas ramificações dos seus conhecimentos. Pôde-se observar a sua aplicação em diversos setores, como o de sistema de informação, financeiro, administrativo e nas tomadas de decisões. Contudo, comprovou-se que a controladoria é útil como uma ferramenta de gestão, pois seus benefícios são significativos à projeção de melhor resultados nos âmbitos geral e primordial como auxílio aos processos gerenciais.
Сoncepts and elements of judicial enforcement
Authors:   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service, Chernihiv, Ukraine, Samofalov L. P. ,   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service, Chernihiv, Ukraine, Samofalov О. L.
Published: December 2021

The problems of judicial enforcement are considered in the article. It is emphasized that judicial enforcement is a legal form of state functions implementation. The need to study this legal category is emphasized. This need is related to the harmonization of legislation with international standards, judicial reform, and increased protection of human rights. Different points of view of legal scholars concerning judicial enforcement are investigated. It is concluded that the judicial application of the law is based on the rules of positive law. A judge may not refuse to hear a case due to gaps in the law. Judicial enforcement is associated not only with the application of the law, but also with their interpretation, and sometimes lawmaking. On the one hand, the judiciary is a manifestation of power, and on the other it is the most rational and effective form of control over the activities of state power. It is stated in the article that justice, as a court activity carried out in the form of civil, administrative, criminal, economic and constitutional proceedings, takes place in the procedural forms established by law. Law enforcement activity of the court is a long, complex and systematic process. It has a specific purpose, that is a clearly defined value, which includes recognition of a person, their life, health, honor and dignity, inviolability and security. It is stated that law enforcement cannot be carried out beyond the principles of law, as they go through all the rules of law and are the basis of the legal system. The components of the rule of law are recognized by the international community. In particular, they are: – the right to appeal against the actions of public authorities; – free assessment by the court of the circumstances of the case; – independence and impartiality of judges; – independent judicial procedure, which covers fairness, openness, reasonable time for consideration of the case, availability of legal aid; – binding nature of court decisions. In order to ensure the proper judicial system functioning, it is proposed to amend the current legislation in the process of judicial reform. The conclusions to the article stipulate that the court performs both law enforcement and law-making functions. The essence of the administration of justice and judicial activity is reduced to the application of law. In the process of administering justice, the judiciary acts in clearly defined procedural forms. Judicial power, as a subject of constitutional regulation, is exercised precisely in justice, and justice is administered and administered by the court through judicial enforcement. Key words: judicial enforcement, justice, judicial activity, judicial power, judicial proceedings, judicial lawmaking.
A Study on Internship Student Debriefing Materials in ‘Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka’ Program
Authors: Handrianto Budi
Published: December 2021

The VUCAS era as it is today has brought about changes in attitudes and human interactions at work. A person’s competancy is demanded to be acquired more than one or what is so called, multitasking. Whilst, higher education Institutions does not prepare these competencies for graduate students. The industrial world is also overwhelmed by the quality of untrained new employees.  There for, it is esential to create program in order to link and match between Higher Education Institutions Programs and the need of industrial world. The Ministry of Education and Culture has created a 3 semesters training program outside its study program, one of which is an internship in companies. Due to this, we design debriefing material in accordance to the industrial perspective. This research aims to obtain perspectives on the material from the industry. This qualitative research was conducted using in-depth interviews, both in person and online to gather information from industry players. The results obtained will be materials that must be given to students during the debriefing, there are two important materials to be given, namely; knowledge and work attitude. Knowledge includes: company organization, job duties and responsibilities, remuneration systems, industrial relations, employee development and management systems. Work attitudes include general values such as integrity, discipline, leadership, team work, interpersonal skills, analitical competency, open mindedness, emotional quotient (EQ), burning desire/passion and time management skills and rules in work (manner).
PENERAPAN PROGRAM PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 PADA ANAK BERBASIS DARING DI DESA MARGAJAYA RT/RW 03/05 KECAMATAN BOGOR BARAT
Authors: Jasmin Rizaldy , Asnifatima Andi
Published: December 2021

Kelurahan Margajaya merupakan salah satu daerah yang terletak di Kecamatan Kota Bogor Barat Kota Bogor Provinsi Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Masyarakat di daerah tersebut, sebagian besar mendirikan usaha warung/toko disekitar tempat tinggalnya dan  hampir  seluruh masyarakat kelurahan masyarakatnya menganut agama islam. Pada tanggal 17 Agustus 2020 sampai tanggal 17 September 2020 Alhamdulillah kami telah melaksanakan program pengabdian masyarakat, selama kurang lebih 1 bulan di Jalan Pemuda Caringin Kelurahan Margajaya Kecamatan Kota Bogor Barat. Adapun tujuan dari  pelaksanaan program ini untuk memberikan informasi yang valid terkait Covid-19 dan cara pencegahannya dimana sasaran utama dalam program ini yaitu Anak-anak. Alasan menjadikan anak sebagai sasaran utama program ini karena anak-anak merupakan salah satu subjek yang rentan terjangkit Covid-19 akibat minimnya informasi yang didapatkan. Dalam mengatasi masalah tersebut kami mengadakan Penyuluhan tentang Covid-19 secara umum, Penyuluhan penggunaan masker dan Penyuluhan asupan gizi seimbang yang dilaksanakan secara daring menggunakan aplikasi whatsapp sebagai media penyebaran informasi. Hasil yang didapatkan dari program tersebut yaitu peningkatan pengetahuan orang tua dan anak terkait Covid-19 dan cara pencegahannya, sehingga orang tua dapat membiasakan anak-anak mereka melakukan pencegahan secara mandiri terhadap Covid-19.
OPTIMALISASI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 DENGAN MEMATUHI PROTOKOL KESEHATAN
Authors: Mardiana Nena , Syari Wirda
Published: December 2021

Berdasarkan hasil analisis situasi, masih banyak warga di RT 02 RW 03 Desa Iwul Kecamatan Parung Kabupaten Bogor yang tidak mematuhi protokol kesehatan diantaranya tidak menggunakan masker pada saat keluar rumah dan tidak menjaga jarak fisik dengan orang lain sehingga penulis tertarik untuk melaksanakan program optimalisasi upaya pencegahan COVID-19 dengan mematuhi protokol kesehatan. Tujuan dari program ini adalah untuk mendukung program penanggulangan, pencegahan COVID-19 yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah dan pihak kampus, untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat dan menciptakan kesadaran masyarakat mengenai pencegahan COVID-19. Program dilaksanakan pada tanggal 1 – 30 September 2020. Kegiatan yang dilakukan pada program ini yaitu mengedukasi masyaratat Desa Iwul RT 02/03 dengan memberikan informasi melalui media poster dan video dan membagikan masker sebanyak 50 buah. Hasil evaluasi keberhasilan program berdasarkan analisis hasil pre-test dan post test menunjukkan bahwa (1) ada pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap informasi edukasi yang diberikan, (2) ada peningkatan terhadap pematuhan protokol kesehatan, dan (3) mulai terciptanya kesadaran diri untuk melakukan upaya pencegahan COVID-19.
OPTIMALISASI PENERAPAN ADAPTASI KEBIASAAN BARU PADA ANAK DI KAMPUNG CIPAYUNG KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Peutri Realisa Murtiara , Dewi Pertiwi Fenti
Published: December 2021

New Normal adalah suatu tindakan atau perilaku yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat dan semua institusi yang ada di wilayah tersebut untuk melakukan pola harian atau pola kerja atau pola hidup baru yang berbeda dengan sebelumnya. "New Normal” dinarasikan menjadi "Adaptasi Kebiasaan Baru.Covid-19 adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus corona, sebuah makhluk sangat kecil berukuran sekitar 125 nanometer namun bisa menyebabkan kematian. Coronavirus merupakan keluarga besar virus yang menyebabkan penyakit pada manusia dan hewan. Pada manusia biasanya menyebabkan penyakit infeksi saluran pernapasan, mulai flu biasa hingga penyakit yang serius seperti Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) dan Sindrom Pernafasan Akut Berat/ Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Coronavirus jenis baru yang ditemukan pada manusia sejak kejadian luar biasa muncul di Wuhan Cina, pada Desember 2019, kemudian diberi nama Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS- COV2), dan menyebabkan penyakit Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19).
Lack of the Lower Bound for the Shannon Entropy
Authors: Ladvánszky J. Ladvánszky
Published: December 2021

Shannon entropy is a basic characteristic of communications from the energetic point of view. Despite this fact, an expression for entropy as a function of the signal-to-noise ratio is still missing. In this paper, that shortage has been corrected first. Using that expression, lower bound for entropy has been investigated. We prove that such finite nonzero bound does not exist, therefore there is no theoretical limit for reduction of the effect of noise. The proof is valid for QAM modulation of arbitrary order.
Case series study: the diagnosis and treatment of fifty tumors and pseudotumors at the proximal femur
Authors: Van Ly Duc Minh , Cao Thi
Published: December 2021

Tumor and pseudotumor (TP) at the proximal femur (PF) can seriously affect mortality, extremity function, and body integrity. However, reports often focused on a specific tumor, not regional lesions. This study focuses on clinical findings, imaging, micro-pathology, and the treatment of all TP at the site.

The study involved all patients who had a confirmed tumor or pseudotumor diagnosis at the PF. The clinical findings, X-ray, and biopsy were recorded and analyzed. Treatment was optional depending on the patient’s situation and available condition of the hospital. The functional outcome, bone healing were defined at the last examination or two years of follow-up.

Fifty patients were involved in the study. Twenty-four patients had apparent tumors. TP at the PF, neck-trochanter, trochanters, and neck were 21 (42%), 16 (32%), 9 (18%), and 4 (8%) cases, respectively. There were 29 (58%) pathologic fractures. Biopsy was made for all patients. Twenty-three cases (46%) were malignant, and 8 (16%) cases were giant cell tumors. Thirty-three patients suffered from an operation. Ennerking’s functional score was excellent, good, fair, and poor in 24 (48%), 5 (10%), 1 (2%), and 20 (40%) patients, respectively. For the last outcomes of 33 operated patients, 17 healed, three unchanged, one worse, and two dead.

For the PF TP, the rate of malignant and pathological fracture was high. The giant cell tumor was not rare. The resection of the TP combined with grafts using ordinary fixation devices was satisfactory.
O número nas tarefas escolares: uma proposta para a organização do ensino
Authors: Moya Paula Tamyres , Lacanallo Arrais Luciana Figueiredo , Moraes Silvia Pereira Gonzaga de
Published: December 2021

Neste artigo, buscamos identificar, por meio da análise das tarefas escolares, como o processo de ensino e aprendizagem do conceito de número vem sendo desenvolvido no 1º ano do ensino fundamental. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa de caráter documental em que os cadernos dos escolares se constituíram em fontes de pesquisa. Os resultados dessa investigação revelaram que há o predomínio de tarefas escolares que priorizam o ensino da língua materna em detrimento do processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos conceitos matemáticos. Constatamos, também, que as tarefas escolares analisadas restringem o conceito de número às suas manifestações particulares e externas, características que mobilizam a formação do pensamento empírico do aluno influenciada pelos princípios da pedagogia tradicional. evidenciamos a necessidade da superação por incorporação do pensamento empírico pelo pensamento teórico. Davydov (1982;1988) defende um ensino voltado a formação do pensamento teórico, principal objetivo da escola. Diante disso, apresentamos neste estudo uma reflexão fundamentada nos pressupostos da Teoria Histórico-Cultural, em especial, nas proposições do Sistema de Ensino de Davydov sobre o ensino do conceito de número a partir da dissertação de Moya (2015) objetivando identificar instrumentos e estratégias que nos auxiliem a ressignificar as tarefas escolares em direção à formação do pensamento teórico dos escolares.
Livros didáticos: a necessidade de repensar suas visualidades
Authors: Kodama Katia Maria R. de O.
Published: December 2021

Esse texto analisa como são apresentados nos livros do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD), coleção “Porta Aberta” da Editora FTD, o conhecimento de Arte, Cultura e Visualidade, nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental I. Foi investigado se os textos verbais e não verbais desencadeiam propostas para promover alfabetização visual, se estabelecem uma formação crítica e emancipatória, se apresentam atividades que promovam saberes para instrumentalizar a comunidade escolar a compreender e promover a cultura local. Para o desenvolvimento tomou-se como fundamentação teórica três eixos: a) a teoria da Abordagem Triangular; b) os Estudos da Cultura Visual; c) os conceitos de uma educação transformadora e libertadora. O método proposto para sustentar os levantamentos realizados foi fundamentado na análise Dialética e foram considerados três aspectos: a) a diagramação e apresentação visual; b) as ilustrações; c) a possibilidade de ser um disparador dos valores culturais das comunidades escolares. Os resultados da análise indicaram que os livros não atingem os objetivos enunciados e existe uma contradição entre o que neles se propõe e como são elaborados e diagramados.
Reflexão do professor sobre o processo de ensino e aprendizagem em Sicuani–Cusco
Authors: Borda Rossana Ángela Ticlla , Fuster-guillén Doris , Melgar Liliana Hilda Aldazábal , Saavedra Segundo Sigifredo Pérez
Published: December 2021

A pesquisa visa compreender o significado profundo das experiências vividas pelos professores envolvidos, no que se refere à responsabilidade e atitude que assumem durante o processo ensino-aprendizagem. São aqueles que respeitam os ritmos de aprendizagem, utilizam várias estratégias e recursos que promovem a formação de atitudes, o desenvolvimento de capacidades; sempre promovendo a curiosidade inata pela natureza, e por sua vez, o respeito pelo lugar onde vivem. A amostra é composta por cinco professores, utilizando a anedota para coletar suas experiências, bem como a entrevista conversacional. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa, método fenomenológico hermenêutico e paradigma interpretativo. As características individuais foram identificadas como: frustração, aceitação, motivação e satisfação, como parte de suas experiências e o significado do grupo ou categoria emergente. Em conclusão, foi a reflexão do professor, como processo metacognitivo fundamental para a transformação do ensino.
Análise qualitativa do conteúdo do curso de estágio e fundamentos de empreendedorismo de centros de treinamento utilizando o software Maxquda
Authors: Baluchi Nazanin , Amin Hamed Chaharsough , Arayesh Mohammad Bagher , Vahedi Marjan
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the content of internship courses and entrepreneurship fundamentals of applied science education centers in west of Iran. This study is a qualitative research paradigm. The sample was selected from among the agricultural professors of the mentioned universities and the apprenticeship course employers were selected by purposeful sampling with snowball sampling technique. Data were collected through individual interviews and focus group interviews with semi-structured questions. In the process of gathering information, each survey took about 20 to 30 minutes on average. Finally, after interviewing 20 experts, the data collection process was completed. In this study, data were analyzed using traditional (conventional) content analysis using two steps of open and axial coding and 11 MAXQUDA software. Content Analysis of Expert Interviews to Extract 38 Concepts in Open Coding and 5 Axiomatic and Extensive Concepts Including the Effects of Internship Courses and Entrepreneurship Basics, Internship Course Content and Entrepreneurship Basics, Internship Benefits, Internship Problems, and Features Requirements Course instructor led.
Investigation of the Required Discreteness of Interpolation Movement Parameters in Cyber-physical Systems
Authors: Kombarov Volodymyr , Tsegelnyk Yevgen , Plankovskyy Sergiy , Aksonov Yevhen , Kryzhyvets Yevhen
Published: December 2021

Improving the accuracy, reliability, and performance of cyber-physical systems such as high-speed machining, laser cutting, welding and cladding etc. is one of the most pressing challenges in modern industry. CNC system carries out data processing and significantly affect on accuracy of operation such equipment. The paper considers the problem of controlled axes motion differential characteristics data processing in the internal representation of the discrete space of the CNC system. Equations for determining the required discreteness of the differential characteristics position and resolution, such as the speed, acceleration, and jerk are proposed. For the most widely used CNC equipment specific discreteness and resolution values have been determined.
Определяющие соотношения модели нелинейного деформирования сплавов с памятью формы, разрешенные относительно приращений напряжений
Authors:   ФГБУН Институт прикладной механики РАН, г. Москва, Россия, Мовчан А. А.
Published: December 2021

Известный вариант определяющих соотношений модели нелинейного деформирования сплавов с памятью формы (СПФ) выражает приращения деформаций через приращения напряжений, параметра фазового состава и температуры, а также через сами величины напряжении, деформаций, параметра фазового состава и температуры. Однако для развития численных алгоритмов анализа термомеханического поведения элементов из СПФ в форме метода конечных элементов (метод смещений) необходимо иметь определяющие соотношения, разрешенные относительно приращений напряжений. Именно такая форма определяющих соотношений позволяет получить выражения для скоростной матрицы жесткости метода конечных элементов для СПФ. В ряде работ такое обращение получалось путем численного решения соответствующей системы определяющих соотношений. Такая численная процедура существенно замедляет процесс решения. В данной работе предлагается аналитический алгоритм обращения, использующий конкретные особенности структуры исходной системы определяющих соотношений, а именно тот факт, что линейный оператор с помощью которого приращения компонент девиатора напряжений входят в правую часть исходной системы определяющих соотношений является вырожденным (случай прямого превращения или обратного, но без структурного перехода), либо приращения компонент девиатора напряжений входят в правую часть исходной систем в виде двух слагаемых, определяемых через два различных вырожденных оператора (случай обратного превращения вместе со структурным переходом). Обращение определяющих соотношений получено для связанной постановки краевых задач, в рамках которой приращения компонент девиатора напряжений входят в правую часть исходной системы определяющих соотношений не только через уравнения для приращений компонент девиатора деформаций за счет упругого деформирования, фазового и структурного переходов, но и за счет используемых дифференциальных соотношений для параметра фазового состава. При рассмотрении учитываются, фазовое формоизменение, объемный эффект реакции фазового перехода, а также влияние переменности упругих модулей (как объемного, так и сдвигового) на приращение параметра фазового состава.
Моделирование упруговязкопластического динамического поведения гибких цилиндрических армированных оболочек в рамках уточненной теории деформирования
Authors:   ФГБУН Институт теоретической и прикладной механики им. С.А. Христиановича СО РАН, г. Новосибирск, Россия, Янковский А. П.
Published: December 2021

Сформулирована динамическая задача упруговязкопластического деформирования гибких цилиндрических замкнутых круговых оболочек с традиционными перекрестными структурами армирования по эквидистантным поверхностям и с пространственными структурами. Неупругое поведение материалов композиции описывается определяющими соотношениями теории течения с изотропным упрочнением при учете зависимости пластических свойств от скорости деформирования. Используемые двумерные кинематические и динамические уравнения, а также соответствующие им начально-краевые условия позволяют определять механическое поведение гибких цилиндрических композитных оболочек с точностью разных порядков. Эти соотношения позволяют моделировать возможное слабое сопротивление таких конструкций поперечным сдвигам. В простейшем варианте приведенные уравнения, граничные и начальные условия редуцируются в соотношения неклассической теории Амбарцумяна. Численное решение поставленной нелинейной начально-краевой задачи строится по явной схеме типа «крест». Проведен сравнительный анализ упругопластического и упруговязкопластического деформирования армированных цилиндрических оболочек, динамически нагруженных внутренним давлением. Исследовано поведение стеклопластиковых и металлокомпозитных конструкций разной относительной толщины. Показано, что неучет зависимости пластических свойств материалов композиции от скорости их деформирования приводит к неадекватному описанию динамического неупругого поведения таких композитных оболочек. Продемонстрировано, что даже в случае относительно тонких армированных конструкций использование теории Амбарцумяна может приводить к существенному отличию от решения, полученному по уточненной теории. Это может привести к качественно неверным результатам при решении обратных задач (например, рационального армирования) с применением теории Амбарцумяна. Расчеты по уточненной теории показали, что замена традиционной перекрестной структуры армирования по эквидистантным поверхностям на пространственную структуру армирования в случае длинных цилиндрических оболочек разной относительной толщины не приводит к положительному результату. Положительный эффект от такой замены структур армирования наблюдается только для относительно толстых коротких стеклопластиковых конструкций.
Исследование влияния углов укладки монослоев на устойчивость композитной цилиндрической оболочки
Authors:   ФГУП ", Железнов Л. П. ,   СибНИА им. С.А. Чаплыгина",   , г. Новосибирск, Россия
Published: December 2021

В настоящее время в конструкциях современных летательных аппаратов нашли широкое применение полимерные композиционные материалы, что значительно облегчает вес конструкции при сохранении ее прочностных и жесткостных характеристик. Несмотря на то, что имеется достаточно большие число работ по исследованию прочности таких конструкций, тем не менее остаются нерешенными вопросы прочности и устойчивости их в условиях нелинейного исходного напряженно-деформированного состояния. Последнее особенно необходимо для конструкций фюзеляжей самолетов, в которых потеря устойчивости композитной обшивки недопустима. Методы расчета на прочность и устойчивость композитных конструкций с учетом нелинейности исходного напряженно-деформированного состояния в настоящий момент недостаточно развиты. Поэтому разработка надежных и эффективных методов расчета оболочек из композиционных материалов является несомненно актуальной задачей. Наиболее подходящим методом в этом случай является метод конечных элементов. Преимущества его в универсальности, физичности и неограниченной возможности применения к сложным конструкциям при произвольном нагружении. Применение метода конечных элементов к расчету оболочек связано со значительными трудностями, обусловленными толщиной и кривизной оболочки. Построение эффективных конечных элементов оболочек является также актуальной задачей и по настоящее время. Большинство разработанных конечных элементов являются элементами круговых цилиндрических, конических или сферических оболочек. В настоящей работе задача прочности и устойчивости цилиндрических композитных оболочек при произвольном нагружении решена методами конечных элементов и линеаризации Ньютона-Канторовича. Использованы разработанные авторами на основе гипотезы Тимошенко конечные элементы некруговых цилиндрических композитных оболочек и элементов подкреплений естественной кривизны, в аппроксимации перемещений, которых в явном виде выделены их жесткие перемещения (перемещения конечных элементов как твердого тела). Критические нагрузки определяются в процессе решения геометрически нелинейной задачи с использованием метода триангуляции матриц и критерия Сильвестра. Вычисляются также формы деформированных в докритическом состоянии оболочек и их формы при потере устойчивости. Исследована устойчивость круговой цилиндрической оболочки, выполненной из полимерного композиционного материала, при различных видах нагружения: крутящим и изгибающим моментами, краевой сжимающей и поперечной силах и внешнем давлении. Выяснено влияние углов укладки монослоев, нелинейности деформирования на критические нагрузки потери устойчивости оболочки.
Численно-аналитический метод инженерной оценки влияния разработки котлована на перемещения, прилегающего к нему, грунтового массива, с учётом жёсткости ограждающей конструкции
Authors:   Национальный Исследовательский Московский Государственный Строительный Университет (НИУ МГСУ), г. Москва, Россия, Зерцалов М. Г. , Казаченко С. А. ,   Тоннельная ассоциация России, г. Москва, Россия
Published: December 2021

На предварительной стадии проектирования разработки котлована необходимо выполнять расчёты различных вариантов по оценке влияния процесса его устройства на окружающую застройку. В настоящее время анализ изменения НДС массива грунта при устройстве котлованов выполняется с применением численных методов, наибольшее распространение из которых получил метод конечных элементов, реализованный во множестве расчетных комплексов. Очевидно, что при нынешнем уровне развития компьютерной техники данный метод позволяет наиболее полно учесть все факторы, оказывающие влияние на конечный результат. Вместе с тем, даже решение задачи в двухмерной постановке отнимает много времени и требует необходимой квалификации, выполняющего расчёты, персонала. Учитывая это, остается актуальной разработка новых инженерных методов, позволяющих оперативно и с достаточной точностью выполнять требуемые расчеты на этапе предварительного вариантного проектирования. В статье рассмотрен численно-аналитический метод оперативной оценки влияния разработки котлована на перемещения прилегающего к нему грунтового массива, с учетом жесткости ограждающей конструкции. Метод основан на решении задачи Мелана и численного моделирования с использованием метода планирования эксперимента. Напряжённо-деформированное состояние массива, определённое аналитическим путём, корректируется подбором жёсткости, ограждающей откосы котлована, конструкции. Результаты аналитического решения сопоставлялись с результатами расчётов, выполненных с использованием МКЭ, и показали сходимость в пределах 5-20%, что хорошо согласуется с принятой инженерной точностью расчётов. Метод, как альтернативный, может быть использован на предварительной стадии проектировании устройства котлованов.
Persistence of Fatigue among COVID-19 Survivors in Bangladesh: A Two-month after Follow-up Study
Authors: Islam Md Khairul , Hossain Mohammad Murad , Hossain Md Monowar , Sharif Md Mohiuddin , Hossain Fahima Sharmin , Amin Md Robed , Rahman Md Ridwanur
Published: December 2021

Background: A limited number of studies have exclusively assessed fatigue among post-COVID patients. Our study aimed to assess the persistence and associations of fatigue among COVID-19 survivors after two months of recovery from their primary illness.
Methods: During hospital admission from August to September, 2020, a total of 400 patients were diagnosed to be suffering from fatigue using Chalder fatigue scale. After obtaining informed written consent, patients were followed up two months later over telephone. A total of 332 participants participated in the interview (63 patients could not be traced and another 5 patient died within two months). Patients were asked to categorize their present fatigue condition based on a simplified questionnaire developed for telephone interview.
Results: Among study participants, 62.9% (n=207) were found to be still suffering from fatigue two months after their hospital discharge. A significant association of fatigue was found with age (p=0.000), hypertension (RR: 1.51; CI: 1.15-1.99; p=0.002), diabetes mellitus (RR: 1.45; CI: 1.08-1.95; p=0.010), ischemic heart disease (RR: 2.04; CI: 1.15-3.64; p=0.011), on admission SpO2 (p=0.000), on admission serum ferritin (p=0.000), d-dimer (p=0.000), CRP (p=0.000), and Hb% (p=0.019). Binary logistic regression model revealed significant association of age and onadmission SpO2 with persistence of fatigue.
Conclusions: Fatigue is a highly prevalent symptom among the COVID-19 survivors with significant association between fatigue and patients clinical and laboratory markers. Bangladesh J Medicine July 2022; 33(1) : 57-63