bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRAINING ON PROCESSING LOCAL FOOD LAMTORO BEANS TO BECOME A TYPICAL CULINARY
Authors: Miftahal Anjarsabda Wira Buana  , Muhammad Fathoni
Published: July 2024

The successful facilitation of existing potential and resources necessitates robust and efficient assistance. The objective of this Community Service (PKM) is to assess the viability of utilising local food and community ingenuity in the processing and manufacturing of food items derived from local resources, with the ultimate goal of bolstering the economy. The local food development training programme conducted in Wae Bobok Village involved the collaboration of teachers and students from the eLBajo Commodus Polytechnic Hospitality Diploma Three Study Programme. This initiative aimed to assist the village residents in enhancing their local food offerings by transforming them into distinctive culinary creations that possess both appeal and increased worth. An interactive and practical training programme has been implemented to impart the necessary information and skills for the enhancement of local food into unique gourmet creations. During training sessions, individuals acquire knowledge pertaining to the selection of high-quality products, the techniques involved in food processing, and the creation of specialised menus. The objective of this training programme is to facilitate the residents of Wae Bobok Village in harnessing the untapped potential of indigenous food resources, thereby transforming them into captivating and high-value culinary offerings. Furthermore, it is anticipated that the outcomes of this endeavour would facilitate the emergence of novel employment and entrepreneurial prospects inside Wae Bobok Village. The implementation of this initiative aimed at transforming local produce into distinctive gourmet offerings is anticipated to enhance both food security and the local economy within Wae Bobok hamlet. Over time, this form of training can serve as a model for other rural communities in harnessing the inherent potential of indigenous food sources to create distinctive culinary offerings that are appealing and possess enhanced worth. In addition to this, the evolution of this characteristic gastronomic delight possesses the potential to serve as a viable tourist destination, thereby presenting prospects for the advancement of tourism centred around distinctive culinary offerings within Wae Bobok Village.
Analysis of Language Variation used in Interaction Among a Teacher and Students in the Teaching- Learning Processes of Reading
Authors: Helmie Jauhar , Nurviyani Vina , Sugih Arief
Published: July 2024

This research was aimed at finding and describing the analysis of language variation used in interaction among teacher and students in teaching and learning process of reading in 8th class at SMP Negeri 1 Sukaresmi-Cianjur. The research was conducted three meetings in three different classes. It was a descriptive qualitative research with a naturalistic approach. The setting of the research was SMP Negeri 1 Sukaresmi-Cianjur. The methods of collecting the data were questionnaire, observation and interview. The data were in the form of words and sentences of language variations and language styles. They included classroom observations, questionnaire and interview transcripts. The respondents were the English teacher and 8th students class at SMP Negeri 1 Sukaresmi-Cianjur. In reference to data analysis, the results show that the language variation used in interaction among the teacher and the students are divided into two kinds of language variations, i.e., (1) Register (2) Idiom. Moreover, the language style used in interaction among teacher and students were divided into four kinds of language styles, i.e., (1) Formal style, (2) Consultative style, (3) Casual style, (4) Intimate style. Implementing the language variations and language styles in teaching-learning processes of reading makes students easier to learn English particularly reading comprehension.
Analisis Alih Kode dan Campur Kode pada Caption Instagram
Authors: Arfianto Fadiya Lathifa Putri , Jumini Awalia
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai Alih Kode dan Campur kode pada Caption Instagram salah satu Presenter dan YouTuber terkenal di Indonesia yaitu Deddy Corbuzier. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan alih kode dan campur kode pada caption Instagram serta mendiskripsikannya. Metode penelitian yang digunaka dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dimana penulis mendeskripsikan secara sistematis, faktual, dan akurat untuk mencari unsur-unsur, ciri-ciri, dan sifat-sifat suatu fenomena. Sedangkan untuk teknik yang digunakan adalah teknik Studi Dokumen, teknik ini merupakan teknik pengumpulan data penelitian yang tidak ditujukan langsung pada subjek penelitian. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi sosiolinguistik, yang berisi alih kode dan campur kode. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dari keseluruahan data yang berjumlah Dari 150 data terdapat 40 data yang menggunakan alih kode dan campurkode. Alih kode dan campur kode yang digunakan sangat beragam. Bahasa yang digunakan dalam postingan hanya 2 bahasa yaitu bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Inggris.
Biopolymer-based edible packaging: a critical review on the biomaterials, formation, and applications on food products
Authors: Leya B. , Franklin R. Shan , Pragalyaashree M. M. , Monicka A. Asha , Tiroutchelvame D. , Blessy C. , Blessie R. Freeda
Published: July 2024

Food substances are highly susceptible to spoilage due to their inherent properties and environmental factors during transit from farm to fork. Hence, it is necessary to protect the food from various factors by safeguarding it in proper packaging. The packaging materials include flexible pouches and rigid containers, and they have their own merits and demerits. Most of the packaging materials used nowadays are polymer-based, which takes a long time to degrade and poses a dangerous threat to terrestrial and aquatic life. Edible packaging evolved to be an alternative to conventional packaging due to its natural biopolymers, which are hyper-degradable and consumable. They exhibit improved barrier and organoleptic properties, mass transfer selectivity, and reduced migration properties of packaging ingredients into food and environmental pollution. They are classified as coatings, films, and pouches and can be used as either food wraps or heat-sealed into pouches that are applied directly on the food surface. Thus, edible packaging is a potential approach in the food packaging industry. This review explains in detail the biomaterials used for film preparation, various processes involved in film formation, different coating methods, and recent applications in the area of eco-friendly edible packaging.
Linking abnormal neural activity patterns to motor deficits
Authors: Herzfeld David J
Published: July 2024

Abnormal activity in the cerebellar nuclei can be used to predict motor symptoms and induce them experimentally, pointing to potential therapeutic strategies.
Recent evolutionary origin and localized diversity hotspots of mammalian coronaviruses
Authors: Maestri Renan , Perez-Lamarque Benoît , Zhukova Anna , Morlon Hélène
Published: July 2024

Several coronaviruses infect humans, with three, including the SARS-CoV2, causing diseases. While coronaviruses are especially prone to induce pandemics, we know little about their evolutionary history, host-to-host transmissions, and biogeography. One of the difficulties lies in dating the origination of the family, a particularly challenging task for RNA viruses in general. Previous cophylogenetic tests of virus-host associations, including in the Coronaviridae family, have suggested a virus-host codiversification history stretching many millions of years. Here, we establish a framework for robustly testing scenarios of ancient origination and codiversification
versus
recent origination and diversification by host switches. Applied to coronaviruses and their mammalian hosts, our results support a scenario of recent origination of coronaviruses in bats and diversification by host switches, with preferential host switches within mammalian orders. Hotspots of coronavirus diversity, concentrated in East Asia and Europe, are consistent with this scenario of relatively recent origination and localized host switches. Spillovers from bats to other species are rare, but have the highest probability to be towards humans than to any other mammal species, implicating humans as the evolutionary intermediate host. The high host-switching rates within orders, as well as between humans, domesticated mammals, and non-flying wild mammals, indicates the potential for rapid additional spreading of coronaviruses across the world. Our results suggest that the evolutionary history of extant mammalian coronaviruses is recent, and that cases of long-term virus–host codiversification have been largely over-estimated.
Allosteric modulation by the fatty acid site in the glycosylated SARS-CoV-2 spike
Authors: Oliveira A Sofia F , Kearns Fiona L , Rosenfeld Mia A , Casalino Lorenzo , Berger Imre , Schaffitzel Christiane , Davidson Andrew D , Amaro Rommie E , Mulholland Adrian J
Published: July 2024

The trimeric spike protein plays an essential role in the SARS-CoV-2 virus lifecycle, facilitating virus entry through binding to the cellular receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and mediating viral and host membrane fusion. The SARS-CoV-2 spike contains an allosteric fatty acid (FA) binding site at the interface between two neighbouring receptor-binding domains. This site, also found in some other coronaviruses, binds free fatty acids such as linoleic and oleic acid, and other small molecules. Understanding allostery and how this site modulates the behaviour of different regions in this protein could potentiate the development of promising alternative strategies for new coronavirus therapies. Here, we apply dynamical nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (D-NEMD) simulations to investigate allosteric effects and identify the communication pathways in the fully glycosylated spike in the original SARS-CoV-2 ancestral variant. The results reveal the allosteric networks that connect the FA site to important functional regions of the protein, including some more than 40 Å away. These regions include the receptor binding motif, an antigenic supersite in the N-terminal domain, the furin cleavage site, the regions surrounding the fusion peptide and a second allosteric site known to bind heme and biliverdin. The networks identified here highlight the complexity of the allosteric modulation in this protein and reveal a striking and unexpected connection between different allosteric sites. Notably, 65% of amino acid substitutions, deletions and insertions in the Alpha, Beta, Delta, Gamma and Omicron variants map onto or close to the identified allosteric pathways.
Distinct release properties of glutamate/GABA co-transmission serve as a frequency-dependent filtering of supramammillary inputs
Authors: Hirai Himawari , Konno Kohtarou , Yamasaki Miwako , Watanabe Masahiko , Sakaba Takeshi , Hashimotodani Yuki
Published: July 2024

Glutamate and GABA co-transmitting neurons exist in several brain regions; however, the mechanism by which these two neurotransmitters are co-released from the same synaptic terminals remains unclear. Here, we show that the supramammillary nucleus (SuM) to dentate granule cell synapses, which co-release glutamate and GABA, exhibit differences between glutamate and GABA release properties in paired-pulse ratio, Ca
2+
-sensitivity, presynaptic receptor modulation, and Ca
2+
channel-vesicle coupling configuration. Moreover, uniquantal synaptic responses show independent glutamatergic and GABAergic responses. Morphological analysis reveals that most SuM boutons form distinct glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses in proximity, each characterized by GluN1 and GABA
A
α1 labeling, respectively. Notably, glutamate/GABA co-transmission exhibits distinct short-term plasticities, with frequency-dependent depression of glutamate and frequency-independent stable depression of GABA. Our findings suggest that glutamate and GABA are co-released from different synaptic vesicles within the SuM terminals, and reveal that distinct transmission modes of glutamate/GABA co-release serve as frequency-dependent filters of SuM inputs.
The Relation between Justification and Identity as Key to Evaluate the Radical New Perspective on Pauls
Authors: du Toit Philip
Published: July 2024

According to prevalent approaches to the Pauline corpus, the concepts of justification and salvation are often interpreted as constituting a believer’s legal and salvific status before God in distinction from such a person’s ethnic identity. In the so-called Radical New Perspective on Paul, Judaean believers in Christ are envisioned to keep their nomistic identity in distinction from gentile believers, which is then differentiated from their legal and salvific status before God. In this contribution, the relation between justification and identity is defined more closely in order to evaluate the tendency to distinguish between justification/salvation and identity. This is done especially by analysing texts in the Pauline corpus in which the concepts of justification, salvation and identity overlap. Keywords: Justification, Identity, Ethnicity, Pauline Theology, Radical New Perspective on Paul, Paul within Judaism
Enhancing Mangrove Resilience: Assessing Rhizophora sp. Survival in Davao Occidental’s Conservation and Rehabilitation Zones, Philippines
Authors: Pacyao John Paul R. , Llameg Marlyn B.
Published: July 2024

Three distinct sampling locations within Davao Occidental, namely Brgy. Sto. Rosario in Sta. Maria municipality, Sitio Tawang in Brgy. Buhangin, and Sitio Agdao in Brgy. Tubalan in Malita municipality were investigated to evaluate the survival of planted mangroves (Rhizophora sp.). The study revealed a notable discrepancy in survival rates among the sites, with Sitio Agdao exhibiting the highest survival with 97.58%, followed by Sto. Rosario (91.84%), and Sitio Tawang registering 70.46% survival rate. No significant variance was observed between survival rates in Sta. Maria and Malita. Findings indicated diverse causes of mangrove mortality, including strong waves during northeasterly winds impacting Sto. Rosario, flashfloods affecting Sitio Tawang, and the presence of epiphytes (specifically barnacles) in Sitio Agdao. Among the sites, Sitio Tawang exhibited significantly lowest survival rates compared to Sto. Rosario and Sitio Agdao. Substrate analysis revealed clay loam in Sto. Rosario, sandy loam in Sitio Agdao, and sandy clay in Sitio Tawang. The study recommends extending mangrove survival rate monitoring to other conservation and rehabilitation areas, continuing mangrove rehabilitation efforts, and manually removing epiphytes to enhance survival rates.
Mechanosensitive Channels: Utilising the Bacterial Cell’s Defence Mechanism against It
Authors: Justine Akpanke, , Chuckwudi U. Anyanwu, , Charles Ogugua Nwuche, , Believe-God Amarachi Godwin-Uwaeke,
Published: July 2024

Mechanosensitive channels are integral membrane proteins in bacterial cell membranes as well as archaea, and eukaryotes. The role of these bacterial mechanosensitive channels is essential for protecting cells from structural damage during hypoosmotic shock. Mechanosensitive channel of small conductance (MscS) and mechanosensitive channels of large conductance (MscL) are the predominant channels in E. coli. Activation of mechanosensitive channels typically occurs when the bacterial membrane senses tension or distortion. Overall, the ecological niche of bacteria shapes the selective pressures acting on mechanosensitive channels, leading to their adaptation to specific environmental conditions. Bacterial mechanosensitive channels contribute to the ability of bacterial pathogens to adapt to and survive within the host environment, as well as to modulate interactions with host cells and tissues during infection. They could also act as entrance gates for specific antibiotic classes into bacterial cells. Accordingly, it was discovered that nitrofuran nifuroxazide and tuberactinomycin viomycin depended on both Ec-MscS and Ec-MscL for enhanced efficacy. Several compounds have been identified that directly target mechanosensitive channels. For example, ramizol has been shown to reduce the gating threshold of MscL and MscS channels, while styrylbenzene inhibits MscL channels in S. aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Clostridium difficile. Bacterial mechanosensitive channels are versatile drug targets due to their role in promoting bacterial virulence and host colonization, serving as entry points for antibiotics, and being structurally distinct from mammalian counterparts. These special structures which are meant to protect the cell can also be harnessed as drug targets, thereby increasing the susceptibility of the bacterial cell to target antibiotics. This feature has been harnessed to reduce the burden of antibiotics resistance and its attendant effect on global healthcare complications. The aim of this review is to examine the various physiological, drug resistance and pathogenicity roles of these mechanosensitive channels as well as their usefulness as potential drug targets.
Role of Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in the Assessment of Subclinical Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Post COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Allam Hager Ibrahem , Badrawy Asmaa Mostafa , Mohamed Ahmed Abd Elmoneum , Elmoneum Mahmoud Shawky Abd
Published: July 2024

Background: The utilization of two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2-D STE) serves as a precise measurable technique for conducting an assessment of both global and localized cardiac performance, exhibiting remarkable sensitivity. Its utility is particularly noteworthy in the early identification of cardiac impairments that are not clinically evident. This study’s objective was to investigate the effectiveness of STE in identifying latent left ventricular dysfunction among individuals who have recuperated from COVID-19.
Methods: This study was conducted at a single center; this analytical cross-sectional analysis involved 100 individuals over the age of 18. The study comprised two cohorts: one with 50 post COVID-19 patients, confirmed through a positive PCR test within a month of diagnosis, and a control group of 50 healthy subjects be compatible for age, sex, and risk factors. Subsequently, the post COVID-19 patients were stratified based on high-sensitivity troponin levels into two subgroups: Group I included those exhibiting signs of myocardial damage, while Group II consisted of patients showing no evidence of myocardial injury.
Results: Elderly individuals, a greater prevalence of hypertension (HTN), raised levels of D-dimer and, serum C-reactive protein (CRP) along with increased Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) and diminished Left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) over a one-month observation period, were all significantly linked to myocardial injury, as indicated by a p-value < 0.05. The LVGLS was a reliable indicator of cardiac injuries in COVID-19 survivors, with an AUC of 0.947 and a CI ranging from 0.886 to 1.00 (P < 0.001), particularly at a threshold of ≤ -20%, where it achieved 87.2% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Approximately 35 patients exhibited an LVGLS below this threshold. Furthermore, D-dimer and CRP levels post COVID-19 were notably elevated in those with cardiac injuries in comparison with those not, a difference that was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Furthermore, during the follow-up after one month period, post COVID-19 CRP levels, LVEDV, and LVGLS remained significantly higher in patients with myocardial injury in comparison with those didn’t have myocardial injury (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: LV GLS is acknowledged as a noteworthy, autonomous predictor of outcome for myocardial injury in individuals diagnosed with COVID-19. This metric offers preliminary insights into the infection’s severity, potentially aiding in the early intervention and management strategies for affected patients.
Effectiveness and Safety of Tapentadol in Managing Diabetic Neuropathic Pain: A Systematic Review
Authors: Khalifa Kirolos Alqus Sela Youssef
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Tapentadol, a μ-opioid agonist and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor is an effective medication for a wide variety of chronic pain conditions, including back pain, cancer-related pain, and arthritic pain. More recently, tapentadol extended-release has been demonstrated to be effective in the management of painful diabetic neuropathy, an often debilitating condition affecting approximately one-third of all patients with diabetes.
Aim of the Study: To identify the efficacy of Tapentadol in the management of patients with Diabetic Neuropathic Pain and to compare the safety of Tapentadol with other drugs used in the management of diabetic neuropathy.
Materials and Methods: Up to March 2023, PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for potentially relevant studies that met the inclusion criteria. We adhered to PRISMA checklist items for reporting systematic reviews.
Results: Three studies included 731 patients suffering from Diabetic polyneuropathy with a mean age of 60.9 years and a mean follow-up duration of 9.3 weeks. The mean difference between the Tapentadol and placebo is 0.97(95% CI [0.59, 1.34]) with the results in favour of Tapentadol with a total sample of 374 patients in the Tapentadol group and 357 patients in the Placebo group.
Conclusion: Despite the efficacy of Tapentadol in PDN, the toxicity profile and higher incidence of withdrawal rate should give attention away its use in future research.
Management of Carrot Root Borer, Melanagromyza sp. in Carrot Dacus carota L
Authors: Ramesha N M , Asritha Chava , Rafee C M , Hegde M G , Hiremath S M
Published: July 2024

A field experiment was conducted during rabi/summer 2021-22 at Nagaral village of Ron taluka in Gadag district, Karnataka to identify the appropriate causal agent for carrot root damage and to assess the field efficiency of different insecticide molecules against agromyzid fly, Melanagromyza sp. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 11 treatments replicated thrice. The crop was cultivated during 1st January 2022 as per the recommended package of practices except the insect protection measures. Observation on per cent infestation by agromyzid fly was recorded in each treatment by adopting a destructive sample technique from 40 days after sowing to 100 days after sowing. Per cent damage and yield parameters were subjected to one-way ANOVA and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Result indicated that highest reduction of agromyzid fly damage over untreated control was recorded in treatment with soil application with chlorantraniliprole 0.4% GR @ 10 kg/ha at 35 DAS (71.86% reduction over control) and soil application with fipronil 0.3 % GR @ 20 kg/ha at 35 DAS with 69.10 per cent reduction over control. These are followed by seed treatment with cyantraniliprole 19.8% + thiamethoxam 19.8% @10 ml/kg, seed treatment with thiamethoxam 30 FS @ 10 ml/kg, seed treatment with imidacloprid 600 FS @ 10ml/kg and soil drenching with chlorpyriphos 20% EC @ 3 ml/l at 35 DAS, these treatments registered a maximum reduction of agromyzid fly viz., 69%, 58.03%, 56.79% and 58.03%, respectively.
Design of the System of an Assemblable Channel Slope Weeder
Authors: Ziqi Chen
Published: July 2024

If the grass roots of the water conveyance channel slope dig into the soil, it may cause the soil structure to loosen, and then increase the risk of slope landslide. The operation of manual cleaning weeds is dangerous due to the large slope of the channel. In this context, the design of a channel slope weeder that can adapt to different slopes is very important for the protection of the water channel slope. The weeder concept vehicle designed in this paper is mainly composed of four parts: drive car, frame mechanism, track mechanism and weeder mechanism. At the same time, the structure is analyzed by finite element method, and the stability and safety are analyzed by strength. The reference is provided for the design of the algal removal vehicle on the channel slope.
Assessing Ecosystem Health: A Comparative Study Using Water Quality Index Analysis across Ten Lotic System in the Cross River System
Authors: M. A. Essien-Ibok, , U. U. George, , D. I. Titus,
Published: July 2024

This review synthesizes findings from 10 scientific publications utilizing the weighted arithmetic Water Quality Index (WQI) to assess the status of diverse water bodies (Ikpa River, Lower Enyong Creek, Nwaniba River, Imo River, Etim Ekpo River, Lower Qua Iboe River, Ibeno Estuary, Cross River, Ikot Ebak River and Oboroenyin River) all within the Cross River System. The Analysis reveals that 6 out of 10 sampled water bodies are moderately polluted, while the remaining 4 exhibit slight pollution levels. These findings underscore significant concerns regarding water quality degradation, predominantly attributed to industrial effluents, agricultural runoff and urban contaminants. The WQI proves effective in consolidating multiple water quality parameters into a comprehensive index, facilitating a holistic assessment of pollution levels and guiding management strategies. Moving forward, concerted efforts are imperative to enhance monitoring efforts, implement stringent regulatory measures, and adopt sustainable practices to safeguard freshwater resources globally. This review underscores the urgency of integrated approaches to mitigate pollution and ensure resilience of aquatic ecosystems and public health.
Deep vein thrombosis secondary to an ovarian tumor – approach in low resource settings: A case report
Authors: Hernández López Korel Antonio ,   Hospital General de Occidente, Department of General Surgery, Zapopan, México, Pinal Garcia David Fernando , Garcia Arellano Aniriam , Navarro Alcala Alejandro Daniel ,   Hospital General de Occidente, Department of Vascular Surgery, Zapopan, México,   Hospital General de Occidente, Department of General Surgery, Zapopan, México,   Hospital General de Occidente, Department of General Surgery, Zapopan, México
Published: July 2024

We present a case of a 37-year-old woman who exhibited symptomatic acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT) due to extrinsic compression from a giant ovarian cyst, detected during clinical examination. Doppler ultrasound confirmed a thrombus in the left iliac vein. Although surgery was initially planned to insert a vena cava filter, the absence of this resource during her 14-day hospital stay led to the decision to proceed without it. The surgery was carried out without complications, and she was discharged on the second postoperative day. A 3-month follow-up indicated favorable recovery.
The impact of aneurysm volume on midterm Post-EVAR outcomes
Authors: Turkcu Mehmet Ali ,   Elbistan State Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye, Karpuzoglu Osman Eren , Aytekin Bahadir , Cetinkaya Ferit , Dagli Mustafa , Iscan Hakki Zafer ,   İstanbul Siyami Ersek Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, İstanbul, Türkiye,   Ankara City Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ankara Türkiye,   Ağrı Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ağrı, Türkiye,   Ankara City Hospital, Department of Radiology, Ankara Türkiye,   Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ankara, Türkiye
Published: July 2024

Aim: We examined the impact of preoperative three-dimensional aortic volume on outcomes following Endovascular Aortic Repair (EVAR). Material and Methods: A total of 146 patients who underwent elective EVAR at our hospital between January 2018 and January 2023, and who had preoperative and postoperative multislice Computed Tomographic Angiography (CTA), were included in the study. The effects of aneurysm sac volumetric measurements on post-EVAR endoleak, reintervention, and late mortality were evaluated. Since there is no definite cut-off value for aneurysm volume and EVAR results in the literature, we compared patients with aneurysm volumes above and below 231.7 cm³ obtained by roc analysis. Results: During the follow-up period, the rate of secondary intervention was higher if the preoperative aneurysm volume was greater than 231.7 cm³ (p=0.001) or if the preoperative thrombus volume was greater than 206.1 cm³ (p=0.002). There was no notable difference in terms of endoleak (p=0.5) and during follow-up mortality rate (p=0.8) between patients with sac volumes above and below 231.7 cm³. After EVAR, when morphological changes were examined, it was noted that there was a dilatation of the neck (preoperative 23±4 mm and postoperative 26±4 mm) (p<0.001) and a decrease in neck (infrarenal) angulation (preoperative 39 degrees and postoperative 31.5 degrees) (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that aneurysms with high volume are prone to secondary intervention. However, it is not correlated with early or midterm mortality and outcomes. Volumetric analysis of the aneurysms preoperatively may be an indicator of surveillance protocols and treatment choices. Lifetime follow-up and volumetric analysis of aneurysms seem crucial for effective and reliable surveillance.
Varicose vein disease in cabin crews and a screening scale
Authors: Basdemir Kamil Sezer ,   Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, Department of Aerospace Medicine, İstanbul, Türkiye, Ercan Erdinc ,   Health Sciences University, Gülhane Medicine Faculty, Department of Aerospace Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
Published: July 2024

Aim: Varicose vein disease (VVD) and related symptoms are expected to be encountered more frequently in cabin crews. Considering their working environment, standing still for long periods of time and lacking mobility on flights may contribute to VVD. For this reason, our study aimed to determine the rate and the risk factors of VVD in cabin crew members and to develop a screening scale for VVD. Material and Methods: A questionnaire including 43 questions was applied to the participants, querying their socio-demographic, occupational characteristics, smoking history, family history, and VVD. Eight survey questions were used to establish a VVD Evaluation Scale (VVDES). Results: A total of 264 civil cabin crews participated in this study. 23.5% of civil aviation cabin crews had VVD. The diagnosis of VVD in the female group was higher than in the male group (p<0.001). A family history of varicose veins was crucial for VVD diagnosis and significantly increased the VVD risk in female cabin crew (p<0.001). It was determined that the rate of VVD was higher in cabin crews who worked on short flights (4 hours or less). It was shown that VVDES could accurately detect VVD at a rate of 77.4%. Conclusion: Family history of VVD was a crucial factor in terms of VVD. Multiple short flights have been linked to an increased risk of VVD. A VVDES has been developed in this study and can be used clinically as a screening scale for cabin crews.
Optimizing plant morphology, chlorophyll, and yield across plants through Pranic Healing techniques: Three converging field studies
Authors: Prasad K. Nagendra ,   National Institute of Technology Warangal: Warangal, IN, V. Vinu , Jois Srikanth N. , R Poornima ,   World Pranic Healing Foundation - India, Mysuru: Mysuru, Karnataka, IN,   World Pranic Healing Foundation, India - Research Centre: Mysuru, Karnataka, IN
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The biofield is an energetic field that surrounds living organisms, including humans, animals, and plants. Pranic Healing is a biofield complementary healing practice that aims to balance the energy field, or prana, of plants and animals to enhance well-being. Pranic Agriculture (PA) involves replenishing plants with fresh prana to boost development. This study aims to understand the application of PA practices to chili, ridge gourd, and marigold plants grown in field conditions. Chlorophyll content, plant length, stem diameter, root length, days to first flowering, days for first harvest, and yield parameters were compared between pranic-treated and control groups. Chlorophyll content increased in the Pranic group by 26.61% in the ridge gourd plants and 13.64% in the chili; the results were significant (p < 0.05) when compared with control. Plant length increased by 22% in chili, 7.4% in ridge gourd, and 3.8% in marigold against the control. Also, the Pranic group had 8% more stem diameter than the control. Root length was found to be significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the Pranic group by 44% in chili and 38.46% in ridge gourd. The Pranic group had earlier flowering and earlier harvest dates than the control group. When comparing crop yield, Pranic yielded more in chili (16.71%), ridge gourd (5.85%), and marigold (30.67%) than the respective control groups. This validates that Pranic Agriculture has the potential to increase crop productivity significantly. Keywords: flowering, harvest, prana, Pranic Healing, Pranic Agriculture, root length, yield
Focusing and vertical mode scattering of the first mode internal tide by mesoscale eddy interaction
Authors: Dunphy Michael , Lamb Kevin G.
Published: December 2013

Numerical experiments are performed using the MITgcm to investigate the interaction of a mode‐one internal tide with barotropic and baroclinic mode‐one mesoscale eddies. Results show that after a mode‐one internal tide passes through a barotropic eddy, spatial hot and cold spots of energy flux are produced in beam‐like patterns. The magnitude of the energy flux in the hot spots can exceed twice the incident flux while in the cold spots can reach nearly zero. Passing a mode‐one internal tide through a mode‐one baroclinic eddy results in the scattering of energy from the incident mode‐one to modes two and higher. The higher mode waves are produced in beam‐like patterns. For the parameter regime explored here, we find conversion efficiencies that reach 13% for eddies of diameter 120 km. The Rossby numbers for our experiments are order one, corresponding to energetic mesoscale eddies that are typically found in western boundary current extensions and in the southern ocean. These eddies have length scales comparable to those of low‐mode internal tides, and we expect that interaction between the two will be easily formed in locations where these phenomena coexist.
The great 2012 Arctic Ocean summer cyclone enhanced biological productivity on the shelves
Authors: Zhang Jinlun , Ashjian Carin , Campbell Robert , Hill Victoria , Spitz Yvette H. , Steele Michael
Published: December 2013

A coupled biophysical model is used to examine the impact of the great Arctic cyclone of early August 2012 on the marine planktonic ecosystem in the Pacific sector of the Arctic Ocean (PSA). Model results indicate that the cyclone influences the marine planktonic ecosystem by enhancing productivity on the shelves of the Chukchi, East Siberian, and Laptev seas during the storm. Although the cyclone's passage in the PSA lasted only a few days, the simulated biological effects on the shelves last 1 month or longer. At some locations on the shelves, primary productivity (PP) increases by up to 90% and phytoplankton biomass by up to 40% in the wake of the cyclone. The increase in zooplankton biomass is up to 18% on 31 August and remains 10% on 15 September, more than 1 month after the storm. In the central PSA, however, model simulations indicate a decrease in PP and plankton biomass. The biological gain on the shelves and loss in the central PSA are linked to two factors. (1) The cyclone enhances mixing in the upper ocean, which increases nutrient availability in the surface waters of the shelves; enhanced mixing in the central PSA does not increase productivity because nutrients there are mostly depleted through summer draw down by the time of the cyclone's passage. (2) The cyclone also induces divergence, resulting from the cyclone's low‐pressure system that drives cyclonic sea ice and upper ocean circulation, which transports more plankton biomass onto the shelves from the central PSA. The simulated biological gain on the shelves is greater than the loss in the central PSA, and therefore, the production on average over the entire PSA is increased by the cyclone. Because the gain on the shelves is offset by the loss in the central PSA, the average increase over the entire PSA is moderate and lasts only about 10 days. The generally positive impact of cyclones on the marine ecosystem in the Arctic, particularly on the shelves, is likely to grow with increasing summer cyclone activity if the Arctic continues to warm and the ice cover continues to shrink.
Sensitivity of simulated Arctic sea ice to realistic ice thickness distributions and snow parameterizations
Authors: Castro‐Morales K. , Kauker F. , Losch M. , Hendricks S. , Riemann‐Campe K. , Gerdes R.
Published: December 2013

Sea ice and snow on sea ice to a large extent determine the surface heat budget in the Arctic Ocean. In spite of the advances in modeling sea‐ice thermodynamics, a good number of models still rely on simple parameterizations of the thermodynamics of ice and snow. Based on simulations with an Arctic sea‐ice model coupled to an ocean general circulation model, we analyzed the impact of changing two sea‐ice parameterizations: (1) the prescribed ice thickness distribution (ITD) for surface heat budget calculations, and (2) the description of the snow layer. For the former, we prescribed a realistic ITD derived from airborne electromagnetic induction sounding measurements. For the latter, two different types of parameterizations were tested: (1) snow thickness independent of the sea‐ice thickness below, and (2) a distribution proportional to the prescribed ITD. Our results show that changing the ITD from seven uniform categories to fifteen nonuniform categories derived from field measurements, and distributing the snow layer according to the ITD, leads to an increase in average Arctic‐wide ice thickness by 0.56 m and an increase by 1 m in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and Canadian Basin. This increase is found to be a direct consequence of 524 km3 extra thermodynamic growth during the months of ice formation (January, February, and March). Our results emphasize that these parameterizations are a key factor in sea‐ice modeling to improve the representation of the sea‐ice energy balance.
Suspended particulate layers and internal waves over the southern Monterey Bay continental shelf: An important control on shelf mud belts?
Authors: Cheriton Olivia M. , McPhee‐Shaw Erika E. , Shaw William J. , Stanton Timothy P. , Bellingham James G. , Storlazzi Curt D.
Published: December 2013

Physical and optical measurements taken over the mud belt on the southern continental shelf of Monterey Bay, California documented the frequent occurrence of suspended particulate matter features, the majority of which were detached from the seafloor, centered 9–33 m above the bed. In fall 2011, an automated profiling mooring and fixed instrumentation, including a thermistor chain and upward‐looking acoustic Doppler current profiler, were deployed at 70 m depth for 5 weeks, and from 12 to 16 October a long‐range autonomous underwater vehicle performed across‐shelf transects. Individual SPM events were uncorrelated with local bed shear stress caused by surface waves and bottom currents. Nearly half of all observed SPM layers occurred during 1 week of the study, 9–16 October 2011, and were advected past the fixed profiling mooring by the onshore phase of semidiurnal internal tide bottom currents. At the start of the 9–16 October period, we observed intense near‐bed vertical velocities capable of lifting particulates into the middle of the water column. This “updraft” event appears to have been associated with nonlinear adjustment of high‐amplitude internal tides over the mid and outer shelf. These findings suggest that nonlinear internal tidal motions can erode material over the outer shelf and that, once suspended, this SPM can then be transported shoreward to the middle and shallow sections of the mud belt. This represents a fundamental broadening of our understanding of how shelf mud belts may be built up and sustained.
Distribution of large biomass particles in a sand‐biomass fluidized bed: Experiments and modeling
Authors: Fotovat Farzam , Chaouki Jamal , Bergthorson Jeffrey
Published: December 2013

The axial distribution of large biomass particles in bubbling fluidized beds comprised of sand and biomass is investigated in this study. The global and local pressure drop profiles are analyzed in mixtures fluidized at superficial gas velocities ranging from 0.2 to 1 m/s. In addition, the radioactive particle tracking technique is used to track the trajectory of a tracer mimicking the behavior of biomass particles in systems consisting of 2, 8, and 16% of biomass mass ratio. The effects of superficial gas velocity and the mixture composition on the mixing/segregation of the bed components are explored by analyzing the circulatory motion of the active tracer. Contrary to low fluidization velocity (U = 0.36 m/s), biomass circulation and distribution are enhanced at U = 0.64 m/s with increasing the load of biomass particles. The axial profile of volume fraction of biomass along the bed is modeled on the basis of the experimental findings. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 60: 869–880, 2014
Intraskeletal isotopic compositions (δ13C, δ15N) of bone collagen: Nonpathological and pathological variation
Authors: Olsen Karyn C. , White Christine D. , Longstaffe Fred J. , von Heyking Kristin , McGlynn George , Grupe Gisela , Rühli Frank J.
Published: December 2013

Paleodiet research traditionally interprets differences in collagen isotopic compositions (δ13C, δ15N) as indicators of dietary distinction even though physiological processes likely play some role in creating variation. This research investigates the degree to which bone collagen δ13C and δ15N values normally vary within the skeleton and examines the influence of several diseases common to ancient populations on these isotopic compositions. The samples derive from two medieval German cemeteries and one Swiss reference collection and include examples of metabolic disease (rickets/osteomalacia), degenerative joint disease (osteoarthritis), trauma (fracture), infection (osteomyelitis), and inflammation (periostitis). A separate subset of visibly nonpathological skeletal elements from the German collections established normal intraindividual variation. For each disease type, tests compared bone lesion samples to those near and distant to the lesions sites. Results show that normal (nonpathological) skeletons exhibit limited intraskeletal variation in carbon‐ and nitrogen‐isotope ratios, suggesting that sampling of distinct elements is appropriate for paleodiet studies. In contrast, individuals with osteomyelitis, healed fractures, and osteoarthritis exhibit significant intraskeletal differences in isotope values, depending on whether one is comparing lesions to near or to distant sites. Skeletons with periostitis result in significant intraskeletal differences in nitrogen isotope values only, while those with rickets/osteomalacia do not exhibit significant intraskeletal differences. Based on these results, we suggest that paleodiet researchers avoid sampling collagen at or close to lesion sites because the isotope values may be reflecting both altered metabolic processes and differences in diet relative to others in the population. Am J Phys Anthropol 153:598–604, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Maternal short stature does not predict their children's fatness indicators in a nutritional dual‐burden sample of urban Mexican Maya
Authors: Wilson Hannah J. , Dickinson Federico , Griffiths Paula L. , Bogin Barry , Hobbs Matthew , Varela‐Silva M. Inês
Published: December 2013

The co‐existence of very short stature due to poor chronic environment in early life and obesity is becoming a public health concern in rapidly transitioning populations with high levels of poverty. Individuals who have very short stature seem to be at an increased risk of obesity in times of relative caloric abundance. Increasing evidence shows that an individual is influenced by exposures in previous generations. This study assesses whether maternal poor early life environment predicts her child's adiposity using cross sectional design on Maya schoolchildren aged 7–9 and their mothers (n = 57 pairs). We compared maternal chronic early life environment (stature) with her child's adiposity (body mass index [BMI] z‐score, waist circumference z‐score, and percentage body fat) using multiple linear regression, controlling for the child's own environmental exposures (household sanitation and maternal parity). The research was performed in the south of Merida, Yucatan, Mexico, a low socioeconomic urban area in an upper middle income country. The Maya mothers were very short, with a mean stature of 147 cm. The children had fairly high adiposity levels, with BMI and waist circumference z‐scores above the reference median. Maternal stature did not significantly predict any child adiposity indicator. There does not appear to be an intergenerational component of maternal early life chronic under‐nutrition on her child's obesity risk within this free living population living in poverty. These results suggest that the co‐existence of very short stature and obesity appears to be primarily due to exposures and experiences within a generation rather than across generations. Am J Phys Anthropol 153:627–634, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Chondrocyte β‐Catenin Signaling Regulates Postnatal Bone Remodeling Through Modulation of Osteoclast Formation in a Murine Model
Authors: Wang Baoli , Jin Hongting , Zhu Mei , Li Jia , Zhao Lan , Zhang Yejia , Tang Dezhi , Xiao Guozhi , Xing Lianping , Boyce Brendan F. , Chen Di
Published: December 2013

Objective

To investigate whether β‐catenin signaling in chondrocytes regulates osteoclastogenesis, thereby contributing to postnatal bone growth and bone remodeling.

Methods

Mice with conditional knockout (cKO) or conditional activation (cAct) of chondrocyte‐specific β‐catenin were generated. Changes in bone mass, osteoclast numbers, and osteoblast activity were examined. The mechanisms by which β‐catenin signaling in chondrocytes regulates osteoclast formation were determined.

Results

The β‐catenin cKO mice developed localized bone loss, whereas cAct mice developed a high bone mass phenotype. Histologic findings suggested that these phenotypes were caused primarily by impaired osteoclast formation, rather than impaired bone formation. Further molecular signaling analyses revealed that β‐catenin signaling controlled this process by regulating the expression of the RANKL and osteoprotegerin (OPG) genes in chondrocytes. Activation of β‐catenin signaling in chondrocytes suppressed Rankl gene transcription through a glucocorticoid receptor–dependent mechanism. The severe bone loss phenotype observed in β‐catenin cKO mice was largely restored by treatment with human recombinant OPG or transgenic overexpression of Opg in chondrocytes.

Conclusion

β‐catenin signaling in chondrocytes plays a key role in postnatal bone growth and bone remodeling through its regulation of osteoclast formation.