bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS PRODUKTIVITAS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL PRODUKSI DENGAN OBJECTIVE MATRIX (OMAX) DAN ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS (RCA)
Authors: Khoirunniam Anas , Suseno Suseno
Published: July 2023

PT. XYZ merupakan manufaktur bidang konstruksi baja dan besi yang memproduksi H-Beam, Dalam proses produksinya, output yang dihasilkan pada periode November 2020, Januari 2021, dan Februari 2021 mengalami penurunan dan belum memenuhi target yang ditentukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis tingkat produktivitas produksi yang  terjadi dengan metode Objective Matrix (OMAX). Dari hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa, indeks produktivitas selama pengukuran periode Juli 2020 sampai dengan Februari 2021 mengalami fluktuasi. Indeks Produktivitas tertinnggi terjadi pada bulan September 2020 dengan indeks produktivitas sebesar 109 %. Sedangkan tingkat produktivitas terendah terjadi pada bulan November 2020 dengan indeks produktivitas -7,33 %. Untuk pencapaian skor tertinggi yaitu ada pada rasio 4 inferensial jam kerja mesin, dengan total skor 40. Sedangkan untuk jumlah skor terendah terletak pada rasio 5 inferensial jumlah karyawan dengan skor 27. Serta Nilai produksi dengan Tingkat Produktivitas  tertinggi terjadi pada bulan September 2020 dengan nilai 628, hal ini disebabkan karena pada bulan ini nilai skor dari kriteria berada di atas rata-rata, pada bulan ini proses produksi berjalan lancar. Sedangkan untuk produktivitas terendah terjadi pada bulan November 2020 dengan nilai 278, dikarenakan skor dari 3 kriteria, untuk Efisiensi Produksi, Inferensial Jam Mesin dan Inferensial Jumlah Karyawan dengan Level 0.  Penurunan Indeks Produktivitas berdasarkan Fihbone Diagram dikarenakan kurangnya karyawan yang hadir serta skill operator, mesin, hingga produk yang dihasilkan. Dan dari permasalahan yang ada dicari akar masalahnya dengan metode Root Cause Analysis  (RCA) serta didukung dengan 5W+1H
The Sustainability of Intellectual Capital in Enhancing Organizational Innovation: Case Study of Sulaimani Polytechnic University
Authors: Hama Nabard Othman , Cavusoglu Behiye
Published: July 2023

The concept of intellectual capital is increasingly recognized as one of the most important strategic assets of organizations. The significance of intellectual resources, which are now critical for every business unit, is underlined in this paper. Thus, this research aims to identify the effectiveness of intellectual capital and its components on the organizational innovation at Sulaimani Polytechnic University in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, from the point of view of the faculty members (academic and administrative staff). The study developed both theoretical and empirical sections. The descriptive approach was used to determine the effectiveness of intellectual capital and the quantities of research methodologies was used to measure this effectiveness. The study aims at investigating the correlations and causal effect between intellectual capital and organizational innovation. Moreover, the study investigates the correlations and causal effect between human capital, structural capital and relational capital on radical and incremental innovation in the organization. To achieve this, the 392 total sample were collected and analyzed by SPSS 22 software. The findings provide evidence that intellectual capital and its components have a positive and statistically significant effect on the organizational innovation and its components.
Uptake of Breathable Nano- and Micro-Sized Polystyrene Particles: Comparison of Virgin and Oxidised nPS/mPS in Human Alveolar Cells
Authors: Laganà Antonio , Visalli Giuseppa , Facciolà Alessio , Celesti Consuelo , Iannazzo Daniela , Di Pietro Angela
Published: July 2023

Airborne micro- and nanoplastics are widely spread and pose a risk to human health. The effects of virgin (v) and home oxidised (ox) nano- and micropolystyrene (nPS/mPS) (0.1 and 1 µm) were studied on the human alveolar cells (A549). Ox-nPS/mPS, simulating photoaging, allowed effects due to environmental wear to be assessed. Cellular uptake was quantified using FITC-functionalised nPS/mPS, while cytotoxicity, changes in the acidic compartment, ROS production, mitochondrial function and DNA damage were assessed to study the effects of internalised v- and ox-nPS/mPS. The uptake was dose-dependent and very fast, since, at the lowest dose, 20.8% and 21.8% of nPS and mPS, respectively, were internalised after 1 h. Compared to v-, significant ROS increases, DNA damage and mitochondrial impairment were observed after exposure to ox-nPS/mPS. The enhancement of effects due to environmental aging processes highlighted the true potential impact on human health of these airborne pollutants.
Influence of Injection Temperature and Pressure on Pattern Wax Fluidity
Authors: Bazhenov Viacheslav E. , Sannikov Andrey V. , Kovyshkina Elena P. , Koltygin Andrey V. , Bazlov Andrey I. , Belov Vladimir D. , Dmitriev Dmitry N.
Published: July 2023

In the investment casting process, the pattern made of wax is obtained in a die for further formation of shell mold. This work investigates commercial pattern waxes fluidity with a newly developed injection fluidity test. A good correlation between wax fluidity and its viscosity is observed, which is different from metallic alloys, where the solidification behavior is more critical. The difference in investigated filled waxes fluidity can be associated with the type and amount of filler.
Affective Components, Business Environment and Attitudes Towards Entrepreneurship, Key Background in the Intention and Entrepreneurial Behavior of University Students
Authors: Vargas-Martínez Maira Rafaela , Tavarez-De Henriquez Joselina Caridad , Colón-Flores Nirda de Jesús , Domínguez-Valerio Cándida María
Published: July 2023

Entrepreneurship education has become increasingly relevant. For some years now, the business environment for starting a new company in the Dominican Republic has been considered very propitious. This has generated that many universities have incorporated training in entrepreneurship in their study plans. This study aims to analyse whether the cognitive and affective components, the country's business environment, university training in entrepreneurship and attitudes towards entrepreneurship are antecedents of the entrepreneurial intention of university students. It also seeks to investigate the relationship between entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial behaviour of students. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire from a sample of 523 students who had taken courses on entrepreneurship. The data have been analysed through the SPSS and Smart-PLS programs. The results of this research highlight the importance of the affective component and attitudes towards entrepreneurship in the formation of students' entrepreneurial intentions. This reinforces the importance of cultivating positive attitudes through educational interventions. These results contribute to the understanding of the factors that drive entrepreneurial intentions among university students and provide a foundation for future research.
Hubungan Tingkat Kesejahteraan Masyarakat terhadap Jumlah Pekerja Migran Indonesia di Kab./Kota Tahun 2015-2019
Authors:   Program Pascasarjana Ilmu Ekonomi Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Indonesia, Fahrudin wawan , Susanti Hera ,   Departemen Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Indonesia
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh tingkat kesejahteraan terhadap jumlah pekerja migran di kabupaten dan kota pada tahun 2015-2019. Dari variabel yang diukur dalam penelitian ini dengan regresi Random Effect Model (REM) ditemukan fakta bahwa variabel yang memiliki tingkat elastisitas tinggi adalah jumlah pekerja migran Indonesia (PMI) pada tahun sebelumnya, dan jumlah PMI pada 2 tahun sebelumnya, serta luas wilayah, dan jumlah populasi. Variabel dalam penelitian ini antara lain: tingkat kesejahteraan masyarakat yang diukur melalui tingkat kemiskinan, indikator pendidikan dan PDRB per kapita dengan variabel kontrol jumlah penduduk, luas wilayah (daratan dan lautan), Jawa-luar Jawa, dan kabupaten/kota. Dari simpulan penelitian, Pemerintah setidaknya memiliki 2 (dua) pilihan kebijakan, pertama,apabila Pemerintah memandang bahwa pengiriman pekerja migran merupakan manifestasi ketidaksejahteraan/kemiskinan daerah kab./kota, maka Pemerintah harus mengeluarkan kebijakan yang memfokuskan pada program-program penanggulangan kemiskinan di daerah kantong PMI melalui program padat karya, meningkatkan PDRB per kapita dan Harapan Lama Sekolah (HLS), terutama di daerah kabupaten yang memiliki populasi tinggi, terutama di Jawa, dan memiliki luas wilayah yang tidak besar, dan kebijakan yang akan diambil pemerintah sekurang-kurangnya dimulai dari 2 tahun sebelumnya. Kedua, apabila pemerintah melihat pengiriman pekerja migran sebagai aset yang harus dihandel Pemerintah, fokus kebijakan pemerintah dipusatkan pada daerah terutama kabupaten yang memiliki tingkat kemiskinan tinggi, dengan HLS yang rendah, populasi tinggi, di Jawa, dengan luas wilayah yang sempit.
DESAIN SISTEM MONITORING FLOWMETER KOMUNIKASI RS 232 MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE NODE-RED PADA FUEL CELL ELECTRIC VEHICLE
Authors: Yulianti Dinda , Ifa Fauziah  , Hamid Abdillah  , Kurniawan  , Irma Yulianti
Published: July 2023

One of the applications of fuel cells is Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEV). FCEV is more efficient and produces no carbon emissions than conventional internal combustion engine vehicles. FCEV emitting only water vapor and warm air. This research hoped will provide new knowledge regarding the monitoring system for hydrogen output in FCEVs using the Node-RED software application, as well as regarding flowmeters with RS 232 output. The design of this serial flowmeter monitoring system was carried out in the fuel cell laboratory, the Energy Conversion and Conservation Research Center (PRKKE). This research was carried out by direct observation of the laboratory where fuel cell electric cars were studied, and collected data directly in the laboratory. The Node-RED flow design begins by providing a timestamp every 10 seconds when FCEV is operated, debugging to determine how the results of trials and failures occur. When FCEV is operated, a tenth of a second of data from the flowmeter enters the Moxa Nport device server. This monitoring design combines the Moxa NPort 5230 device server, battery supply, flowmeter with RS232 communication, and several electronic circuits. The flowmeter testing experiment for hydrogen output data on Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles obtained 1.38 with a speed of 1.46 l/min.
Problems of providing endocrinological care to the elderly in the Russian Federation
Authors:   RUDN University, Dzhopua I. D.
Published: July 2023

The main goal of the modern organization of medical care to the population with diseases of the endocrine system is to improve the quality, efficiency and accessibility of medical care to persons suffering from diseases of the endocrine system. For many years now, the problem of the dynamics of the prevalence of diseases of the endocrine system reflects frightening figures. At the same time, the group of the most common diseases is still diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity and thyroid diseases. Diseases of the endocrine system significantly reduce the quality of life of the elderly. The health status of elderly people is most often characterized by the comorbidity of chronic diseases, which in turn leads to a deterioration in the prognosis regarding life and health, and also makes necessary forced polyprogmasia. Identification of the problems of providing endocrinological care to the elderly will improve the quality and effectiveness of medical care at all stages of its provision. The purpose of the study: to analyze the organization of medical care in the development of endocrine diseases in the elderly population of the Russian Federation. Materials and methods. A content analysis of regulatory and legal documents on the provision of medical care to elderly patients in the field of Endocrinology in the Russian Federation, an analysis of Rosstat data on the main health indicators of the elderly population of the Russian Federation over the past 10 years was carried out.
Artificial Intelligence in Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Brameier Devon T. , Alnasser Ahmad A. , Carnino Jonathan M. , Bhashyam Abhiram R. , von Keudell Arvind G. , Weaver Michael J.
Published: July 2023

➢ Natural language processing with large language models is a subdivision of artificial intelligence (AI) that extracts meaning from text with use of linguistic rules, statistics, and machine learning to generate appropriate text responses. Its utilization in medicine and in the field of orthopaedic surgery is rapidly growing.

➢ Large language models can be utilized in generating scientific manuscript texts of a publishable quality; however, they suffer from AI hallucinations, in which untruths or half-truths are stated with misleading confidence. Their use raises considerable concerns regarding the potential for research misconduct and for hallucinations to insert misinformation into the clinical literature.

➢ Current editorial processes are insufficient for identifying the involvement of large language models in manuscripts. Academic publishing must adapt to encourage safe use of these tools by establishing clear guidelines for their use, which should be adopted across the orthopaedic literature, and by implementing additional steps in the editorial screening process to identify the use of these tools in submitted manuscripts.
An Intelligent Technique for Load Frequency Control in Hybrid Power System
Authors: NIREEKSHANA NAMBURI , R RAMACHANDRAN , NARAYANA G V
Published: July 2023

As the world's population grows, so does the demand for energy resources. Even with conventional energy sources, it's getting increasingly difficult to keep up with rising electricity demand. In recent years, research and development into renewable energy sources, as well as improvements in power output, have contributed to decrease the supply-demand mismatch. [1]. The advantages of renewable energy sources for electricity generation include clean, sustainable, eco-friendly, and non-renewable resources. The main disadvantage is that their behavior is erratic[2]. In order to boost the reliability of local grid power supply, renewable sources such as wind, mini/micro hydro, and others are integrated with diesel electric power generation systems to supply power to isolated loads[3]. The supply-demand mismatch can be reduced if some of the locations have stand-alone power systems to meet local needs. An isolated hybrid power system is considered here, with intelligent control techniques used to regulate frequency and generated power. In addition to the wind's unpredictability, frequent changes in load requirements can result in significant and harmful power fluctuations. Serious frequency and voltage fluctuations in the grid may result from the output power of such renewable sources fluctuating[4]. It is crucial to have a good frequency controller. The system's dynamic performance is maintained while the frequency deviation is reduced via the load frequency control (LFC). These criteria might be satisfied by the load frequency controller, an additional controller for the diesel generator.
mGlasgow prognostic grading system versus mCTSI scoring system in predicting the prognosis of Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Varshney Lakshya , Raza Mohammad Habib , Akhtar Mohd. Sadik , Khalid Mohd
Published: July 2023

Acute Pancreatitis (AP) is a severe inflammation of the pancreas presenting with sudden onset of severe abdominal pain with a high morbidity and mortality rate, if accompanied by severe local and systemic complications. The overall mortality rate is 3% to 10%, but patients with severe form of the disease are at an increased risk of death, with a mortality rate upto 28%. A large number of scoring systems are available to assess the severity of Acute Pancreatitis and predict the prognosis, but none can be considered ideal. The aim of the present study was to investigate, how accurate CT based indices are in predicting the severity and mortality of acute pancreatitis in comparison with the clinical Glasgow scoring system.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES –
To compare mGlasgow (Imrie) scoring system with mCTSI scoring system in predicting the outcome of patients with Acute Pancreatitis
MATERIAL AND METHODS –
53 patients, 26 (49.1%) males and 27 (50.9)% females who were admitted with the clinical diagnosis of Acute Pancreatitis were included in the study. All the patients were evaluated by mGlasgow (Imrie) scoring system. Patients with scores ≤ 2 were considered mild and with scores ≥3 were considered severe disease. They were subjected to CT scan after 72 hours and CTSI score ≤6 was considered mild and ≥ 7 was considered severe pancreatitis.
RESULTS –
37 patients (69.8%) showed good results without any complications, 12 (22.6%) had complications and 4 (7.5%) patients expired. 3 expired due to septic shock, MODS and pulmonary complications. There was infected pancreatic necrosis with septic shock in the 4th patient. Glasgow score was ≥3 in 03 patients and ≤ 2 in 01 patient. CTSI score was ≥ 7 in 02 patients and ≤6 in 02 patients.
CONCLUSION –
There was no significant difference between mGlasgow score and mCTSI score in predicting the prognosis. mGlasgow scoring system is easily available and can be assessed at the bed side, hence can be used in predicting mortality and severity of the disease on admission to the hospital. mCTSI is good in predicting pancreatic necrosis and pancreatic & peripancreatic inflammation. CECT is not advisable in patients with deranged renal function, pregnant women and young children: mGlasgow scoring system can be used to assess the prognosis in these cases.
Free Anchor Based Dual Attentive Siamese Network for Rgb-Thermal Tracking
Authors: fan liangsong , Kim Pyeoungkee
Published: July 2023

Recent years have seen the proposal of many RGB-THERMAL tracking methods in order to meet the needs of robust tracking in certain situations (such as illumination and thermal crossover). However, due to the difficulty in balancing robustness and speed, many algorithms struggle to meet the real-time robustness and accuracy criteria. We propose a siamFADA tracking network. The model is a new anchorless, and fully convolutional training network with an attention module, which can be applied to RGB-THERMAL tracking to solve the problems of low accuracy and slow speed of current mainstream algorithms. We also add channel and channel space attention modules to the network to speed up the information propagation process between the two modes and reduce background interference. Unlike the current trackers based on regional proposals (e. g. MANET, DAPNet, SGT ,and ADNet), the proposed framework has neither proposal nor anchor points. Thus, we were able to avoid intractable anchor hyperparameter tuning and reduce human intervention. We eventually demonstrate the accuracy, quickness, and efficiency of our suggested target tracking network after repeated trials on three datasets.
Vertical nonlinear vibration analysis of high-temperature superconducting bulks above permanent magnet guideway
Authors: Wang Shan , Li Haitao , Wang Li , Deng Zigang
Published: July 2023

High-temperature superconducting pinning maglev (HTSPM) has self-stability, integration of levitation and guidance capacity, and no inherent magnetic resistance, making it suitable for high-speed application. However, the strong electromagnetic nonlinearity results in various nonlinear phenomena in the levitation force, which can affect the smooth and safe operation of the maglev system. This study investigates the vertical nonlinear vibration characteristics of YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) bulks above PMG through experiments and simulations. Levitation force and damping coefficient are obtained from experiments, and the nonlinear behaviors of HTS bulks under free vibration, primary resonance, 2nd superharmonic resonance, and 1/2 subharmonic resonance are investigated. The results show that the system responds at natural frequency, double natural frequency, twice the natural frequency, and the sum of the natural frequency and the excitation frequency. The study considers the influences of nonlinear levitation force on the response of HTS bulks above PMG, which is expected to provide a theoretical foundation for the future HTSPM dynamics investigation. This research has significant reference value for the dynamic design of superconducting maglev trains.
High-resolution computed tomography with scattered X-ray radiation and a single pixel detector
Authors: Shwartz Sharon , Yehuda Adi Ban , Sefi Or , Klein Yishay , Shukrun Rachel , Schwartz Hila , Cohen Eliahu
Published: July 2023

X-ray imaging is a prevalent technique for non-invasively visualizing the interior of the human body and opaque instruments. In most commercial X-ray modalities, an image is formed by measuring the X-rays that pass through the object of interest. However, despite the potential of scattered radiation to provide additional information about the object, it is often disregarded due to its inherent tendency to cause blurring. Consequently, conventional imaging modalities do not measure or utilize these valuable data. In contrast, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a high-resolution technique for X-ray computed tomography (CT) that measures scattered radiation by exploiting computational ghost imaging (CGI). We show that our method can provide sub-200 µm resolution, exceeding the capabilities of most existing X-ray imaging modalities. Our research reveals a promising technique for incorporating scattered radiation data in CT scans to improve image resolution and minimize radiation exposure for patients. The findings of our study suggest that our technique could represent a significant advancement in the fields of medical and industrial imaging, with the potential to enhance the accuracy and safety of diagnostic imaging procedures.
Systematic evaluation of joint amnesia in patients after total hip replacement surgery with comparison between anterior and posterior approaches
Authors: Zhang Fukang , Zhang Zhuangzhuang , Yang Xin , Fan Hua , Cheng Qinghao , Guo Hongzhang
Published: July 2023

Aims
A comparison of joint amnesia in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty with direct anterior approach (DAA) and posterior approach (PA) was conducted through systematic evaluation.
Methods
Searched for literature on FJS in patients undergoing DAA and PA THA comparison surgery from the establishment of PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CBM,Wanfang, and VIP databases to February 13, 2023. After two researchers independently searched, screened literature, extracted data, and evaluated the quality of included studies according to the inclusion criteria, a meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3.
Results
A total of 1 RCT and 6 cohort studies were included. Meta-analysis results showed that at 1 month postoperatively [MD = 2.08, 95% CI (0.20, 3.96), P = 0.03], 3 months [MD = 10.08, 95% CI (1.20, 18.96), P = 0.03], and 1 year [MD = 6.74, 95% CI (1.30, 12.19), P = 0.02], DAA total hip arthroplasty had better FJS than PA, but there was no statistical significance in FJS scores between the two groups at 5 years postoperatively [MD = 1.35, 95% CI (-0.58, 3.28), P = 0.17].
Conclusion
Current evidence shows that early FJS after THA with DAA is better than PA, and there is no significant difference between the two in long-term follow-up. However, due to the limited number of literatures included in this study, the above conclusions need to be further confirmed by the inclusion of more high-quality studies.
SIRT1 activation promotes energy homeostasis and reprograms liver cancer metabolism
Authors: Varghese Benluvankar , Chianese Ugo , Capasso Lucia , Sian Veronica , Bontempo Paola , Conte Mariarosaria , Benedetti Rosaria , Altucci Lucia , Carafa Vincenzo , Nebbioso Angela
Published: July 2023

Background Cancer cells are characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation and impaired bioenergetics. Sirtuins are a family of highly conserved enzymes that play a fundamental role in energy metabolism regulation. SIRT1, in particular, drives many physiological stress responses and metabolic pathways following nutrient deprivation. We previously showed that SIRT1 activation using SCIC2.1 was able to attenuate genotoxic response and senescence. Here, we report that in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells under glucose-deprived conditions, SCIC2.1 treatment induced overexpression of SIRT1, SIRT3, and SIRT6, modulating metabolic response.
Methods Flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle. The MTT assay and xCELLigence system were used to measure cell viability and proliferation. In vitro enzymatic assays were carried out as directed by the manufacturer, and the absorbance was measured with an automated Infinite M1000 reader. Western blotting and immunoprecipitation were used to evaluate the expression of various proteins described in this study. The relative expression of genes was studied using real-time PCR. We employed a Seahorse XF24 Analyzer to determine the metabolic state of the cells. Oil Red O staining was used to measure lipid accumulation.
Results SCIC2.1 significantly promoted mitochondrial biogenesis via the AMPK-p53-PGC1α pathway and enhanced mitochondrial ATP production under glucose deprivation. SIRT1 inhibition by EX-527 further supported our hypothesis that metabolic effects are dependent on SIRT1 activation. Interestingly, SCIC2.1 reprogrammed glucose metabolism and fatty acid oxidation for bioenergetic circuits by repressing de novo lipogenesis. In addition, SCIC2.1-mediated SIRT1 activation strongly modulated antioxidant response through SIRT3 activation, and p53-dependent stress response via indirect recruitment of SIRT6.
Conclusion Our results show that SCIC2.1 is able to promote energy homeostasis, attenuating metabolic stress under glucose deprivation via activation of SIRT1. These findings shed light on the metabolic action of SIRT1 in the pathogenesis of HCC and may help determine future therapies for this and, possibly, other metabolic diseases.
Estimating the proportion of nonsense variants undergoing the newly described phenomenon of manufactured splice rescue
Authors: Costain Gregory , Haque Bushra , Cheerie David , Birkadze Saba , Xu Alice Linyan , Nalpathamkalam Thomas , Thiruvahindrapuram Bhooma , Walker Susan
Published: July 2023

A recent report described a nonsense variant simultaneously creating a donor splice site, resulting in a truncated but functional protein. To explore the generalizability of this unique mechanism, we analyzed > 115,000 nonsense variants from different databases using SpliceAI annotations. Between 0.61% (donor gain delta score > 0.8, for high precision) and 2.57% (> 0.2, for high sensitivity) of nonsense variants were predicted to create new donor splice sites at or upstream of the stop codon. These variants were less likely than all remaining nonsense variants in the same genes to be pathogenic in ClinVar (p < 0.001). Up to 1 in 40 nonsense variants may create new donor splice sites, potentially allowing for loss-of-function evasion through “manufactured splice rescue”. We urge caution when interpreting nonsense variants where manufactured splice rescue is a strong possibility and correlation with phenotype is challenging, as will often be the case with secondary findings and newborn genomic screening programs.
Lactate Promotes Nucleus Pulposus Cell Senescence, Oxidative Stress, and Corresponding Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
Authors: Zhang Yuyao , Liu Libangxi , Qi Yuhan , Lou Jinhui , Chen Yuxuan , Liu Chao , Li Haiyin , Chang Xian , Hu Zhilei , Li Yueyang , Zhang Yang , Feng Chencheng , Zhou Yue , Zhai Yu , Li Changqing
Published: July 2023

The accumulation of metabolites in the intervertebral disc is considered to be an important cause of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Lactate, which is a metabolite that is produced by cellular anaerobic glycolysis, has been proven to be closely associated with IVDD. However, little is known about the role of lactate in nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) senescence and oxidative stress. This study attempted to investigate the effect of lactate on NPC senescence and oxidative stress as well as the underlying mechanism. A puncture-induced disc degeneration (PIDD) model was established in rats. Metabolomics analysis proved that lactate levels were significantly increased in the degenerated intervertebral discs. Elimination of excessive lactate levels using lactate oxidase (LOx)-overexpressing lentivirus alleviated the progression of IVDD. In vitro experiments showed that high concentrations of lactate could induce senescence and oxidative stress in NPC. High-throughput RNA sequencing results and bioinformatic analysis demonstrated that the induction of NPC senescence and oxidative stress by lactate may be related to the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway. Further study verified that high concentrations of lactate could induce NPC senescence and oxidative stress by inhibiting PI3K/Akt signalling and the downstream Akt/p21/p27/cyclin D1 and Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. Utilizing molecular docking and microscale thermophoresis assay, we found that lactate could suppress Akt phosphoactivation by binding to the Lys39 and Leu52 residues in the PH domain of Akt. These results highlight the involvement of lactate in NPC senescence and oxidative stress, and lactate may become a novel potential therapeutic target for the treatment of IVDD.
FOXQ1 promotes pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, tumor stemness, invasion and metastasis through regulation of LDHA-mediated aerobic glycolysis
Authors: Wu Changhao , Zheng Chenglong , Chen Shiyu , He Zhiwei , Hua Hao , Sun Chengyi , Yu Chao
Published: July 2023

Pancreatic cancer (PC), a gastrointestinal tract malignant tumor, has a poor prognosis due to early metastases and limited response to chemotherapy. Therefore, identifying novel therapeutic approaches for PC is critical. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was known as the vital progress in the PC development, we constructed the EMT-related prognosis model to screen out that FOXQ1 probably involving in the EMT regulation. FOXQ1 has been linked to the malignant process in a number of cancers. However, its function in PC is unknown. In our work, the expression of FOXQ1 was elevated in PC tissues, and high level of FOXQ1 in PC was linked to patients' poor prognosis. FOXQ1 overexpression promoted aerobic glycolysis and enhanced PC cell proliferation, tumor stemness, invasion and metastasis. Whereas, FOXQ1 silencing showed the reverse effect. Furthermore, mechanistic studies indicated that FOXQ1 promotes LDHA transcription, thus modulates aerobic glycolysis to enhance PC cell proliferation, tumor stemness, invasion, and metastasis by increasing LDHA expression. Therefore, these novel data suggest that FOXQ1 may be a possible therapeutic target in PC.
Role of Some Inflammasomes in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients in Egypt
Authors: Ibrahem Reham , Raghip Mervat A , Abdelwahed Mamdouh M , Amin Noha S , Abualfadl Esam M , Waly Nancy GFM
Published: July 2023

Aims: the study aims to demonstrate the role of some inflammasomes genes (NLRC4 (the NLR family, CARD domain-containing protein 4), NLRP1 (NLR family, pyrin domain containing 1), ASC (Apoptosis associated speck-like protein containing a CARD), and CASPASE-1) in the pathogenesis of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Egyptian population.
Main methods: PBMCs isolation using Histopaque-1077, RNA extraction by TRI reagent, cDNA synthesis using cDNA synthesis kit, measurement of gene expression level of NLRC4, NLRP1, ASC, and CASPASE-1 in all subjects and using GAPDH gene as a reference by quantitative real-time PCR, measurement of serum level of IL-1β and IL-18 using ELISA.
Key findings: the results showed dysregulated inflammasomes expression that may participate in the pathogenesis of the inflammatory process of the disease.
Significance: revealing the role of inflammasomes in RA pathogenesis can provide a promising therapy for the treatment and management of the disease
The climate niche of Homo Sapiens
Authors: Tol Richard S.J.
Published: July 2023

I propose the Dominicy-Hill-Worton estimator to estimate the current climate niche of Homo Sapiens and our croplands. I use this to extrapolate the degree of unprecedentedness of future climates. Worton’s peeled hull is a non-parametric, N-dimensional generalization of order statistics. Dominicy and colleagues show that Hill’s estimator of the tail-index can be applied to any homogeneous function of multivariate order statistics. I apply the DominicyHill estimator to transects through Worton’s peels. I find a thick tail for low temperatures and a thin tail for high ones. That is, warming is more worrying than cooling. Similarly, wettening is more worrying than drying. Furthermore, temperature changes are more important than changes in precipitation. The results are not affected by income, population density, or time. I replace the Hill estimator by the QQ one and correct it for top-censoring. The qualitative results are unaffected.
JEL codes: C46, N50, O44, Q54
Psychometric Analysis of the questionnaires for the assessment of lower limbs available in Italian version: a systematic review
Authors: BARNI LUCA , Carrasco-Vega Elio , Martín-Martín Jaime , Galli Manuela , Freddolini Marco , Merchan-Baeza Jose , Gonzalez-Sanchez Manuel
Published: July 2023

Introduction
The present study aims to analyze the structural and psychometric properties of the questionnaires published in Italian to evaluate the lower limbs.
Material and Methods
two blinded researcher performed a literature searches on the databases: Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane, Dialnet, Cinahl, Embase, and PEDro databases. For the Keywords was using the Boolean operators "OR" and "AND": lower limb, hip, knee, foot and ankle, questionnaire, Italian, psychometric, validity and Validation. In each of the selected articles, the structural characteristics and, secondly, the psychometric characteristics were analysed.
Results
A great heterogeneity is observed in the number of items that made up each questionnaire, ranging between 4 and 42; most of the questionnaires are completed in less than 10 min, with some exceptions. Half of the selected questionnaires (16/32) presented subcategories. The reliability of the vast majority of the questionnaires was good or excellent. The criterion validity was very heterogeneous among the questionnaires identified. The construct validity was calculated at 4/32, while the sensitivity and the Standard error measurement (SEM) were 8/32, respectively.
Conclusion
The Italian versions of the questionnaires studied to evaluate the lower limbs show good essential structural and psychometric characteristics, also comparable to versions in other languages.
Beyond the single pathway: co-expression analysis reveals distinct roles of dual carbon fixation in Riftia pachyptila symbionts
Authors: Mitchell Jessica H. , Freedman Adam H. , Delaney Jennifer , Girguis Peter R.
Published: July 2023

Biological carbon fixation is foundational to the biosphere. Most organisms possess one carbon fixation pathway. The hydrothermal vent tubeworm Riftia pachyptila’s chemoautotrophic symbionts, however, possess two functional pathways: the Calvin Benson-Bassham (CBB) and the reductive tricarboxylic acid (rTCA) cycles. Little is known about how Riftia’s symbionts and related organisms coordinate the functioning of these two pathways. Here we investigated net carbon fixation rates, transcriptional/metabolic responses, and transcriptional co-expression patterns of Riftia pachyptila’s endosymbionts by incubating tubeworms at environmental pressures, temperature, and geochemistry. Results showed that rTCA and CBB transcriptional patterns varied in response to different geochemical regimes and that each pathway is allied to specific metabolic processes, suggesting distinctive yet complementary roles in metabolic function. Net carbon fixation rates were also exemplary, and accordingly we propose that co-activity of CBB and rTCA may be an adaptation for maintaining high carbon fixation rates, conferring a fitness advantage in dynamic vent environments.
Disabled-2: a protein up-regulated by high molecular weight hyaluronan has both tumor promoting and tumor suppressor roles in ovarian cancer
Authors: Price Zoe K , Lokman Noor A , Sugiyama Mai , Koya Yoshihiro , Yoshihara Masato , Oehler Martin K , Kajiyama Hiroaki , Ricciardelli Carmela
Published: July 2023

Although the pro-tumorigenic functions of hyaluronan (HA) are well documented there is limited information on the effects and targets of different molecular weight HA. Here, we investigated the effects of 27kDa, 183kDa and 1000kDa HA on ES2 ovarian cancer cells overexpressing the stem cell associated protein, Notch3. 1000kDA HA promoted spheroid formation in ES2 cells mixed with ES-2 overexpressing Notch3 (1:3). We report disabled-2 (DAB2) as a novel protein regulated by high molecular weight HA and further investigated its role in ovarian cancer. DAB2 was downregulated in ovarian cancer compared to normal tissues but increased in metastatic ovarian tumors compared to primary tumors. High DAB2 expression was associated with poor patient outcome and positively correlated with HA synthesis enzyme HAS2, HA receptor, CD44 and EMT and macrophage markers. Stromal DAB2 immunostaining was significantly increased in matched ovarian cancer tissues at relapse compared to diagnosis and associated with reduced survival. However, DAB2 overexpression significantly reduced invasion by both A2780 and OVCAR3 cells in vivo. Our research identifies a novel relationship between HA and DAB2. Furthermore, we highlight a complex relationship of both pro-tumorigenic and tumor suppressive functions of DAB2 in ovarian cancer. Further research should explore the pro-tumorigenic role of DAB2 within the tumor microenvironment of ovarian cancer.
FuXi: A cascade machine learning forecasting system for 15-day global weather forecast
Authors: Li Hao , Chen Lei , Zhong Xiaohui , Zhang Feng , Cheng Yuan , Xu Yinghui , Qi Yuan
Published: July 2023

Over the past few years, due to the rapid development of machine learning (ML) models for weather forecasting, state-of-the-art ML models have shown superior performance compared to the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF)'s high-resolution forecst(HRES) in 10-day forecasts at a spatial resolution of 0.25°. However, the challenge remains to perform comparably to the ECMWF ensemble mean (EM) in 15-day forecasts. Previous studies have demonstrated the importance of mitigating the accumulation of forecast errors for effective long-term forecasts. Despite numerous efforts to reduce accumulation errors, including autoregressive multi-time step loss, using a single model is found to be insufficient to achieve optimal performance in both short and long lead times. Therefore, we present FuXi, a cascaded ML weather forecasting system that provides 15-day global forecasts with a temporal resolution of 6 hours and a spatial resolution of 0.25°. FuXi is developed using 39 years of the ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis dataset. The performance evaluation, based on latitude-weighted root mean square error (RMSE) and anomaly correlation coefficient (ACC), demonstrates that FuXi has comparable forecast performance to ECMWF EM in 15-day forecasts, making FuXi the first ML-based weather forecasting system to accomplish this achievement.
Assessment of transcranial Doppler indices after MgSO4 administration in severe preeclamptic women with neurologic symptoms
Authors: Lee Sul , Lee Hyun-Joo , Yu Eun-Hee , Yoon Hyung-Joon , Jo Hyun-Been , Kim Seung-Chul
Published: July 2023

Purpose: To investigate the effect of intravenous MgSO4 on maternal cerebral hemodynamics as well as the association between altered Doppler indices of the ophthalmic arteries and ocular lesions in patients with preeclampsia.
Methods: After each of the 15 included patients was diagnosed with preeclampsia, MgSO4 was infused followed by transcranial Doppler tests of the indices of the ophthalmic, anterior, middle, posterior cerebral, vertebral, and basilar arteries, followed by a second MgSO4 infusion. The peak, mean, diastolic velocity, and pulsatile and resistance indices of each artery were automatically measured during testing. Based on the emergent data, the cerebral perfusion pressure, resistance-area product, and cerebral flow index were calculated.
Results: The cerebral perfusion pressure of the posterior cerebral arteries significantly decreased following the infusion of MgSO4 (p<0.05). Before the infusion of MgSO4, cerebral perfusion pressure and cerebral flow index of the ophthalmic arteries were significantly increased (p<0.05) in the preeclamptic pregnant patients with ocular lesions compared those without ocular lesions. After the infusion of MgSO4, the cerebral perfusion pressure and cerebral flow index of both ophthalmic arteries were slightly decreased, but the difference was not significant.
Conclusions: Altered Doppler indices following the infusion of MgSO4 suggest significant changes in the hemodynamics of the posterior cerebral and ophthalmic arteries that are particularly related to the neurological signs and symptoms of women with preeclampsia. These findings may improve the understanding of the mechanism of the cerebral complications of preeclampsia. Advancing comprehension of these underlying mechanisms is postulated to play a pivotal role in the mitigation of hypertensive encephalopathy associated with preeclampsia.
The first simultaneous spectroscopic and monochromatic imaging observations of short-wavelength infrared aurora of N2+ Meinel (0,0) band at 1.1 μm with incoherent scatter radar
Authors: Nishiyama Takanori , Kagitani Masato , Furutachi Senri , Iwasa Yuki , Ogawa Yasunobu , Tsuda Takuo T , Dalin Peter , Tsuchiya Fuminori , Nozawa Satonori , Sigernes Fred
Published: July 2023

This study presents a first simultaneous observation of N2+ Meinel (0,0) band (hereafter, N2+(M)) aurora by cutting-edge short wavelength infrared imaging spectrograph (NIRAS-2) and monochromatic camera (NIRAC) installed at Kjell Henriksen Observatory (78ºN, 16ºE). On January 21 2023, N2+(M) intensification of associated with a band-shape aurora structure was observed by the NIRAS-2 and the NIRAC by temporal resolutions of 30 seconds and 20 seconds, respectively. Additionally, the European incoherent scatter Svalbard Radar also observed electron density variations at the same time. Electron density measured at altitude ranges from 100 km 120 km changed in the same way as N2+ (M) intensity, which implies that a primary source of N2+ (M) emissions is direct collisions of N2 by precipitating electrons penetrating down to around 100 km altitude (up to 10 keV). However, the observation also demonstrated moderate correlations between N2+ (M) intensity and electron density above 140 km, which implies that different N2+(M) generation process, N2 charge exchange with O+, may work up to near 160 km and make a non-negligible contribution to N2+(M) emissions. This hypothesis would be verified with further radar observations or stereo imaging observations useful to estimate the vertical distribution of the emission layers. The N2+ (M) is a very promising target wavelength for aurora observation because the quality of sensors is highly expected to improve further and further. Continuous observations with our new instruments will undoubtedly provide an important information of N2+ (M) characteristics, for future missions of both balloon-borne and satellite-borne imaging.
Real-world data on neoadjuvant chemotherapy with dual-anti HER2 therapy in HER2 positive breast cancer
Authors: Yang Zheng-Jun , Xin Fei , Chen Zu-Jin , Yu Yue , Wang Xin , Cao Xu-Chen
Published: July 2023

Background
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with dual-targeted therapy is the standard treatment for human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer. Although the dual-targeted therapy has significantly improved the pathological complete response (pCR) rate, further investigation is needed to identify biomarkers that predict the response to neoadjuvant therapy.
Methods
This retrospective study analyzed 353 patients with HER2-positive breast invasive ductal carcinoma. The correlation between clinicopathological factors and pCR rate was evaluated. A nomogram was constructed based on the results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis to predict the probability of pCR.
Results
The breast pCR (b-pCR) rate was 56.1% (198/353) and the total pCR (t-pCR) rate was 52.7% (186/353). Multivariate analysis identified ER status, PR status, HER2 status, Ki-67 index, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens as independent indicators for both b-pCR and t-pCR. The nomogram had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.73 (95% CI: 0.68–0.78). According to the nomogram, the t- pCR rate was highest in the ER-PR- HER2-positive patients (131/208) and lowest in the ER + PR + HER2-positive patients (19/73). The subgroup analyses showed that there was no significant difference in pCR rate among the neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens in ER positive, PR positive, HER2 IHC 2+, Ki67 index < 30% population. However, for ER-PR-HER2-positive patients, the neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen has a great influence on the pCR rates.
Conclusions
Patients with ER-negative, PR-negative, HER2 3 + and high KI-67 index were more likely to achieve pCR. THP may be used as an alternative to AC-THP or TCbHP in selected HER2-positive patients.
Age differentially affects the maintenance of adaptive immune responses induced by adenoviral versus mRNA vaccines against COVID-19
Authors: Nicoli Francesco , Dallan Beatrice , Proietto Davide , De Laurentis Martina , Gallerani Eleonora , Martino Mara , Ghisellini Sara , Zurlo Amedeo , Volpato Stefano , Govoni Benedetta , Borghesi Michela , Albanese Valentina , Appay Victor , Bonnini Stefano , Llewellyn-Lacey Sian , Pacifico Salvatore , Price David , Caputo Antonella , Gavioli Riccardo
Published: July 2023

Adenoviral and mRNA vaccines encoding the viral spike protein have been deployed globally to contain SARS-CoV-2. Elderly individuals are particularly vulnerable to severe infection, likely reflecting age-related changes in the immune system, which can also compromise vaccine efficacy. It has nonetheless remained unclear to what extent different vaccine platforms are impacted by immunosenescence. Here, we evaluated spike-specific immune responses elicited by vaccination with two doses of BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1-S and subsequently boosted with a single dose of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273, comparing age-stratified participants with no evidence of prior infection with SARS-CoV-2. We found that ageing profoundly affected the durability of humoral responses and further limited spike-specific CD4+ T cell immunity as a function of progressive erosion of the naive lymphocyte pool in individuals vaccinated initially with BNT162b2, such that protective immunological memory was best maintained in the elderly after primary vaccination with ChAdOx1-S and subsequent boosting with BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273.