bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of off-hours hospital admission on mortality and clinical outcomes for patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 20 cohorts
Authors: Xia Xian Feng , Chiu Philip Wai Yan , Tsoi Kelvin Kam Fai , Chan Francis Ka Leung , Sung Joseph Jao Yiu , Lau James Yun Wong
Published: September 2017

Objective

The objective of this article is to evaluate the relationship between off-hours hospital admission (weekends, public holidays or nighttime) and mortality for upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (UGIH).

Methods

Medline, Embase, Scopus, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature were searched through December 2016 to identify eligible records for inclusion in this meta-analysis. A random-effects model was applied.

Results

Twenty cohort studies were included for analysis. Patients with UGIH who were admitted during off-hours had a significantly higher mortality and were less likely to receive endoscopy within 24 hours of admission. In comparison to variceal cases, patients with nonvariceal bleeding showed a higher mortality when admitted during off-hours. However, for studies conducted in hospitals that provided endoscopy outside normal hours, off-hours admission was not associated with an increased risk of mortality.

Conclusion

Our study showed a higher mortality for patients with nonvariceal UGIH who were admitted during off-hours, while this effect might be offset in hospitals with a formal out-of-hours endoscopy on-call rotation.
AN AHP VARIATION MODELLING APPROACH FOR PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT OF SUPPLIERS OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY PRODUCTS
Authors: Samoei Daniel K. , Gichoya David , Odero Damaris
Published: September 2017

Selecting suitable suppliers of ICT products is always a challenging task for a procuring entity since it requires the consideration of multiple, competing, tangible and intangible criteria in determining optimal suppliers of a given product. This study investigated the evaluation criteria of suppliers of ICT products used by Moi University with a view to developing a multicriteria decision analysis model for evaluating the performance of suppliers of ICT products.  Hence, the study was guided by a variation of Saaty’s Analytical Hierarchy Process theory of measurement and targeted a population of 55 respondents comprised of 33 ICT staff and 22 procurement staff. Seventeen companies who bid to supply ICT products were targeted. Purposive sampling was used to select 7 companies who supply ICT products as per their prequalification status and there were 16 respondents; 11 from the Procurement unit and 5 from the ICT directorate respectively. Data was collected using questionnaires and documentary reviews. The study findings demonstrated that quality and transport and communication logistics were the most preferred evaluation criteria and sub criteria respectively, and the respondents had different preferential treatment on suppliers of ICT products as per the evaluation sub criterions. It is recommended that the model be adopted to assist the procurement unit in evaluating suppliers of ICT products and be customized for use in evaluating suppliers of other products at the University and other public institutions in Kenya.  https://doi.org/10.13033/ijahp.v9.i2.487
The AHP/ANP Community Mourns the Loss of Thomas L. Saaty
Authors: Mu Enrique
Published: September 2017

Sadly, we start this issue by announcing the death of the creator of the AHP/ANP methodology, Dr. Thomas L. Saaty...
Our IJAHP Editorial Team Remembers Tom
Authors: Saaty Rozann , Karpak Birsen , Rokou Elena , Mu Enrique , Ferretti Valentina
Published: September 2017

We asked each of our team editorial members to contribute with memories, either as pictures or simple quotes about Tom.  Find below the different contributions. For more pictures and memories of Tom or to add your won contributions, visit his remembrance website at: https://www.forevermissed.com/thomas-saaty/#abouthttps://doi.org/10.13033/ijahp.v9.i2.500
Effect of Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Motor Cortex on Elbow Flexor Muscle Strength in the Very Old
Authors: Oki Kentaro , Clark Leatha A. , Amano Shinichi , Clark Brian C.
Published: September 2017

Background and Purpose:

Muscle weakness predisposes older adults to a fourfold increase in functional limitations and has previously been associated with reduced motor cortex excitability in aging adults. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a single session of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the motor cortex would increase elbow flexion muscle strength and electromyographic (EMG) amplitude in very old individuals.

Methods:

Eleven very old individuals—85.8 (4.3) years—performed 3 maximal isometric elbow flexion contractions before and after 20 minutes of sham or anodal tDCS on different days. Order of stimulation was randomized, and the study participants and investigators were blinded to condition. In addition, voluntary activation capacity of the elbow flexors was determined by comparing voluntary and electrically evoked forces.

Results:

Anodal tDCS did not alter muscle strength or EMG activity in comparison to sham stimulation. Elbow flexion voluntary activation capacity was very high among the study participants: 99.3% (1.8%).

Conclusion:

Contrary to our hypothesis, we observed no effect of anodal tDCS and no impairment in elbow flexor voluntary activation capacity in the very old. Whether anodal tDCS would exert a positive effect and support our initial hypothesis in another muscle group that does exhibit impairments in voluntary activation in older adults is a question that is still to be addressed.
Outcome Trajectories and Prognostic Factors for Suicide and Self-Harm Behaviors in Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder Following One Year of Outpatient Psychotherapy
Authors: McMain Shelley F. , Fitzpatrick Skye , Boritz Tali , Barnhart Ryan , Links Paul , Streiner David L.
Published: September 2017

This study examined suicide and self-harm trajectories in 180 individuals with BPD receiving dialectical behavior therapy or general psychiatric management in a randomized controlled trial. Suicide and self-harm behaviors were assessed at baseline, every four months throughout treatment, and every 6 months over 2 years of follow-up. Latent class growth mixture modeling identified suicide and self-harm trajectories. Multinomial logistic regression analyses examined baseline patient characteristics. Three latent subgroups were identified. The largest responded rapidly to treatment and sustained a favorable response post-discharge. The second progressed slowly during treatment but achieved and maintained a favorable response. A third subgroup showed a rapid favorable response during treatment, however symptoms returned to near baseline levels post-discharge. This third subgroup had higher baseline depression, emergency department visits, and unemployment. BPD patients with high baseline health care utilization, depression, and unemployment may benefit from modifications to treatment specifically targeting these issues.
Evaluation of a Caries Detecting Software System
Authors: Aldous DDS, MS Jay A. , Lowder DDS Gary , Boseman DDS Jerald
Published: September 2017

The diagnostic accuracy of caries detecting software that assesses density in digital radiographs was questioned. Analysis of radiographs of extracted teeth using Logicon revealed a deviation in specificity for  caries from visual examination of the  teeth as well as from their radiographic images.  Subsequent  preparation of teeth similar to  a clinical preparation for  a restoration revealed a marked deviation from the Logicon analysis.  Radiographic interpretation of early caries  and resultant treatment  decisions  are a multifaceted  complex  process that is not simplified  by desired but  unreliable  current computerized technique.
Spectroscopic Analysis of the Precipitate Formed by Mixing Sodium Hypochlorite and Chlorhexidine. In Vitro Study. Part II
Authors: Benavides G., DDS Marianella , Hernández M., DDS Erick , Soto Tellini, PhD Víctor Hugo
Published: September 2017

The aim of this study was to analyze the precipitate formed by the mixture of 5,25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) through thin layer chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (RMN-¹H, 600 MHz and RMN-¹³C to 100 MHz) 1D and 2D spectra. Thus, the following groups were established: Group A corresponds to a pure freeze-dried chlorhexidine gluconate , Group B made-up by a combination of 2ml of chlorhexidine 2% and sodium hypochlorite 5.25% and Group C was a commercial sample of PCA (4-Chloroaniline 98%). The samples of group B were rinsed with distillated water and spinned during 15 minutes at 25°C, the supernatant was eliminated by vacuum and vacuum chamber for 72 hours without heating. Finally, the solid was grinded and dried in vacuum chamber for 24 hours without heating. Thin layer chromatography, shows that sample B were composed by more than one chemical substance and Chlorexidine, the RMN-¹³C showed that the signal of the amino group characteristic of PCA appears down field (δ/146.5 ppm) in C group, meanwhile in group B appears up field (δ/129ppm), which demonstrates the absence of PCA during the process. The analysis of Group B by RMN-¹³C results also, in different signals of low intensity that correspond to similar structures to chlorhexidine and potential aromatics derivatives with similar characteristics structures to chlorhexidine.
Valoración de la intervención de enfermería pediátrica para detectar alteraciones en el desarrollo de los infantes: revisión breve de literatura
Authors: González Zúñiga Sophía , Quezada Ugalde Ana María
Published: September 2017

La valoración del desarrollo pretende cuantificar el nivel de maduración alcanzado por un infante según las conductas esperadas para su edad, con el fin de detectar variaciones a la norma y establecer criterios individuales, razón por la que urge contar con un profesional de salud idóneo que la ejecute, de manera que se fortalezca la vigilancia del desarrollo en las consultas de niño sano en el primer nivel de atención. El método utilizado fue el de la enfermería basada en la evidencia, cuya intención es disponer de la mejor evidencia científica para responder a una pregunta clínica. En cuanto a los estudios, fueron recopilados de las bases de datos EBSCO, Web of Sciences, Science Direct y Pub Med. Los resultados de la búsqueda fueron delimitados según criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Posteriormente, se analizó los hallazgos a través de la herramienta FLC 2.0 y el grado de recomendación fue asignado según la Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care. Durante la fase de búsqueda, se obtuvo siete artículos que responden la pregunta PICO de manera parcial, sin embargo seis de ellos fueron eliminados según criterios de inclusión-exclusión, mientras que el artículo restante fue sometido a la lectura crítica, en la cual se obtuvo un nivel de evidencia media y un grado de recomendación I. El estudio analizado plantea la importancia de utilizar instrumentos validados para valorar el desarrollo y discute el rol de los profesionales de enfermería  en el proceso de vigilancia del desarrollo. Se concluye que la evidencia se clasifica como de mediana calidad y no responde de manera directa a la pregunta clínica formulada, sin embargo, en el estudio se destaca la función del profesional de enfermería a cargo de la valoración y vigilancia del desarrollo infantil, aun cuando se plantea mejoras.
The moss Actinodontium adscendens – new to India from the Western Ghats
Authors: Sreebha R. , Daniels A. E. D.
Published: September 2017

The moss Actinodontium adscendens is added here to the flora of India from the Western Ghats of Peninsular India. It is described and illustrated with notes on its habitat.
Species delimitation in Geranium sect. Batrachioidea: morphological and molecular
Authors: Esfandani Bozchaloyi S. , Sheidai M. , Keshavarzi M. , Noormohammadi Z.
Published: September 2017

Geranium subg. Robertium (Geraniaceae) comprises eight sections, of which sect. Batrachioidea contains four species centred in Eurasia, Mediterranean region and the Himalaya Mountains. Three species of Geranium pusillum, G. molle and G. pyrenaicum occur in Iran show some degree of morphological overlaps that make the species delimitation difficult. Moreover, hybrids are known to be formed between these species elsewhere. Till present time, there has been no detailed information available on molecular phylogeny and genetic structure of these species in the country. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim to investigate species delimitation by both morphological and molecular data and to reveal genetic diversity and population structure in these three Geranium species. For this study, 216 randomly collected plants from 30 geographical populations in three Geranium species were used. We encountered extensive within species genetic and morphological diversity. ISSR molecular markers could not delimit the studied species. STRUCTURE analysis revealed the occurrence gene flow between these species. The Mantel test showed no correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance of the populations studied. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference between ITS and rbcL sequences and phylogenetic tree was constructed based on combined data set which separated outgroups from the studied species. Genetic affinity of the studied species has been discussed.
Comparative foliar micromorphological studies of in vitro and field transferred plants of Morinda citrifolia
Authors: Shekhawat M. S. , Manokari M.
Published: September 2017

Micromorphological studies revealed the developmental changes in micropropagated plants of Morinda citrifolia L. from in vitro conditions to field environment. The lower relative humidity, higher light intensity and septic stressful conditions in the field environment could make gradual changes in the micropropagated plants so as to adapt the external environment. Arrested stomatal development, single guard cells and indistinct subsidiaries were observed in vitro with highest stomatal density (52.0±0.11) obtained in the ambient in vitro environment. The development of tissues, epidermal ornamentation, efficient stomatal functionality and vein-islets numbers (12.0±0.0) during in vivo transfer may help in acclimation of micropropagated plants under field conditions. Raphides were observed in the in vitro propagated as well as in vivo transferred plantlets. The gradual acclimatisation and ex vitro rooting technique increased the survival rate of plantlets in the field. The micromorphological changes resulting from in vitro to field environments are important to understand the development of tissues and adaptation of micropropagated plants, which could help in improvement in survivability during field trials.
Balarāma’s pilgrimage to the sacred sites along the Sarasvatī
Authors: Száler Péter
Published: September 2017

The famous Kurukṣetra War is rightly considered as one of the greatest mythological conflicts in world literature. All the heroes of the Mahābhārata came together on Kuru’s field to fight with each other. But one of the great warriors was absent. He was Balarāma, Kṛṣṇa’s brother, who alone refused to take part in the war and went on a pilgrimage. In this paper I aim to present Balarāma’s travel during the epic battle. My research is based on an Epic sub-parvan, namely the Sārasvata-parvan. This book is a detailed catalogue of the sacred sites along the Sarasvastī. Having studied this text I examine how the importance of these places changed through the ages. Some of them (like Somnāth, Thānesar) are among the most popular places of pilgrimage, while others have lost their significance. This paper may provide an insight into the history of this sacred area along the mysterious river.
FDA Approval Summary: Daratumumab for Treatment of Multiple Myeloma After One Prior Therapy
Authors: Bhatnagar Vishal , Gormley Nicole J. , Luo Lola , Shen Yuan Li , Sridhara Rajeshwari , Subramaniam Sriram , Shen Guoxiang , Ma Lian , Shord Stacy , Goldberg Kirsten B. , Farrell Ann T. , McKee Amy E. , Pazdur Richard
Published: September 2017

On November 21, 2016, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration granted regular approval to daratumumab in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone, or bortezomib and dexamethasone, for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma who have received at least one prior therapy. Approval was based on two randomized, open-label trials in which daratumumab was added to these backbone therapies. The MMY3003 trial demonstrated substantial improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) when daratumumab was added to lenalidomide and dexamethasone compared with lenalidomide and dexamethasone alone. The estimated median PFS had not been reached in the daratumumab arm and was 18.4 months in the control arm (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.37; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.27–0.52; p < .0001), representing a 63% reduction in the risk of disease progression or death. Similar results were observed in the MMY3004 trial comparing the combination of daratumumab, bortezomib, and dexamethasone with bortezomib and dexamethasone. The estimated median PFS was not reached in the daratumumab arm and was 7.2 months in the control arm (HR = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.28–0.53; p < .0001), representing a 61% reduction in the risk of disease progression or death. The most frequently reported adverse reactions (greater than or equal to 20%) in MMY3003 were infusion reactions, diarrhea, nausea, fatigue, pyrexia, upper respiratory tract infection, muscle spasm, cough, and dyspnea. The most frequently reported adverse reactions (greater than or equal to 20%) in MMY3004 were infusion reactions, diarrhea, peripheral edema, upper respiratory tract infection, and peripheral sensory neuropathy. Neutropenia and thrombocytopenia have been added to the Warnings and Precautions of the drug label.
Liver diseases: The pathogenetic role of the gut microbiome and the potential of treatment for its modulation
Authors: Aitbaev K A , Murkamilov I T , Fomin V V
Published: September 2017

The paper gives an update on the role of the gut microbiome (GM) in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, liver cirrhosis (LC), and its complications, such as hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and discusses the possibilities of its correction with prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, antibiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). The pathophysiology of the liver diseases in question demonstrates some common features that are characterized by pathogenic changes in the composition of the gastrointestinal tract microflora, by intestinal barrier impairments, by development of endotoxemia, by increased liver expression of proinflammatory factors, and by development of liver inflammation. In progressive liver disease, the above changes are more pronounced, which contributes to the development of LC, HE, and HCC. GM modulation using prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, antibiotics, and FMT diminishes dysbacteriosis, strengthens the intestinal mucosal barrier, reduces endotoxemia and liver damage, and positively affects the clinical manifestations of HE. Further investigations are needed, especially in humans, firstly, to assess a relationship of GM to the development of liver diseases in more detail and, secondly, to obtain evidence indicating the therapeutic efficacy of GM-modulating agents in large-scale, well-designed, randomized, controlled, multicenter studies.
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in patients with asthma: Results of a prospective study
Authors: Kozlova Ya I , Frolova E V , Filippova L V , Uchevatkina A E , Aak O V , Klimko N N
Published: September 2017

Aim. To estimate the frequency of fungal sensitization and the incidence of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in asthmatic patients. Subjects and methods. A total of 140 asthmatic patients were examined. They underwent allergologic (skin tests for fungal allergens, estimation of total and fungal allergen-specific IgE levels) and mycological (microscopy and inoculation of respiratory biosubstrates) examinations. Chest computed tomography, when indicated, was done. A group of patients with ABPA and that of patients with severe asthma and fungal sensitization were identified. Results. The frequency of fungal sensitization in asthmatic patients was 36%; the main allergenic fungi were Aspergillus and Alternaria. The incidence of ABPA was as high as 4% in the patients with asthma and 11% in those with severe asthma and fungal sensitization. Conclusion. The given current diagnostic criteria will assist practitioners to identify ABPA, to prevent its progression, and to initiate specific anti-inflammatory and antifungal therapy in due time.
Efficiency of triple antihypertensive therapy in patients with uncontrolled hypertension and depressive disorders
Authors: Skibitsky V V , Fendrikova A V , Skibitsky A V
Published: September 2017

Aim. To evaluate the efficiency of triple antihypertensive therapy in patients with uncontrolled hypertension and depressive disorders (DD). Materials and methods. 153 patients with uncontrolled hypertension were examined, of whom 82 patients were diagnosed with mild and moderate DD. A combination of perindopril 10 mg/day, indapamide SR 1.5 mg/day, and amlodipine at an initial dose of 5 mg/day was given to patients with hypertension and DD. After 4 weeks of treatment, if target blood pressure (BP) levels could not be achieved, the dose of amlodipine was increased up to 10 mg/day. General clinical examination and 24-hour BP monitoring (BPM) were performed in all the patients at baseline and in the patients with DD also after 24 weeks of therapy. The traditional measures of the diurnal BP profile, as well as the parameters characterizing arterial stiffness and central aortic pressure (CAP) were estimated. Results. After 8 weeks of therapy, target BP levels were recorded in 63 (76.8%) patients. After 24 weeks of treatment, the hypertensive patients with DD showed significant positive changes in all the investigated 24-hour BPM parameters and normalization of the diurnal BP profile in 65.1% of cases. During the treatment, there were significant decreases in pulse wave velocity, brachial arterial and aortic augmentation indices, aortic systolic and diastolic pressures, and mean aortic BP and an increase in the velocity of the reflected wave. Conclusion. Triple therapy, including perindopril, indapamide SR, and amlodipine, contributed to the achievement of target BP levels in the majority of hypertensive patients with DD, with significant positive changes in all 24-hour BPM parameters, optimization of the diurnal BP profile in most patients, clinically significant improvement of the parameters that characterize arterial stiffness and CAP.
Giant cell arteritis: Genetic and epigenetic aspects
Authors: Guliaev S V , Strizhakov L A , Novikov P I , Mukhin N A , Fomin V V
Published: September 2017

The paper describes clinical cases in 2 patients (brothers) with giant cell arteritis. It analyzes the genetic and epigenetic aspects of the disease. The data available in the Russian and foreign literature are given.
'n Herevaluering van Eben Venter se Wolf, wolf binne die konteks van sy oeuvre
Authors: Van Schalkwyk P
Published: September 2017

Gegewe die relatiewe onderwaardering in Suid-Afrika van Eben Venter se jongste roman Wolf, wolf, veral ten opsigte van literêre pryse - wat ook iets van die ontvangs van sy werk oor die algemeen illustreer - word in hierdie artikel gepoog om hierdie roman binne die konteks van Venter se oeuvre te herevalueer. Met verwysing na Julia Kristeva (1980) se essay "From one identity to an other" word aangetoon hoe die spanning tussen die "simboliese" orde van die vader (se taal) en die instinkmatige "semiotiese" aspek van taal in Wolf, wolf uitspeel deur die teleskopering van die verhouding tussen die streng, heteronormatiewe Benjamin Duiker en sy pornografie-verslaafde gay seun Mattheüs, wat hy van jongs af half in- en half uitsluit, en uiteindelik dan ook (ten dele) uit sy testament laat. Daar word voorts ondersoek ingestel na hoe 'n verdere dialektiese relasie wat Kristeva (1980) uitlig, naamlik tussen die nabootsende "retorikus" en die onafhanklike "stilis", in die ontwikkeling van Venter se werk na vore kom, met Wolf, wolf as kulminasiepunt waarin die stilis seëvier. Die wolfmotief is in 'n resensie van Crous (2013) as ongemotiveerd beskryf, maar dís juis die punt: die wolf(motief) as vernaamste manifestasie van die semiotiese in hierdie roman bedreig die orde, ook dié van die roman, en suggereer op ŉ manier wat Foucault (1978) oproep maar ook aan hom verbystreef, dat seksualiteit, of sekere uitdrukkings of aspekte daarvan, uiteindelik dalk nie gereguleer en beheer kan word nie, in praktyk en diskursief - spesifiek in hierdie digitale era. Pornografie as taboe-onderwerp, in samehang met die wolfmotief, markeer dus op ŉ treffende manier die meer algemene tema van in- en uitsluiting wat in hierdie roman op die voorgrond gestel word.
'n Kritiese waardering van die Afrikaanse Woordelys en Spelreëls - AWS (2009)
Authors: Nel Otto A
Published: September 2017

Die AWS is 'n normatiewe naslaanwerk oor spelling, waarvan die doel is om gebruikers te help met teksproduksie en tekskorrigering. In hierdie artikel word die soekvraag van die potensiële gebruiker as uitgangspunt geneem om die AWS in terme van sy funksies te evalueer. Daar word eerstens gekyk na verskillende moontlike motiverings vir lemmaseleksie. Hoewel korpora nuttig kan wees, moet dit volgens Asmussen (2013:1081) met omsigtigheid geraadpleeg word. By e-woordeboeke kan log-lêer-analise data verskaf oor watter leksikale items deur gebruikers nageslaan word, hoewel dit nie kan bevestig of die gebruikers dit as suksesvolle konsultasie ervaar het nie (Nesi 2013:65). Navorsers soos Wiegand (2001:235), Helbig en Osswald (2013:1141), Barnhart (1967:161), Tarp (2013:463), Storrer (2013:1245) en Müller-Spitzer (2013:369) het die waarde van die soekvraag as belangrike element by die saamstel van naslaanwerke bevestig. Die AWS gee aandag aan 'n wye verskeidenheid tipiese spelprobleme. Die navorser ondersoek dan ook, aan die hand van 40 soekvrae, tipiese vrae wat gebruikers sou kon vra. Daar word bevind dat die AWS tans die meeste van hierdie vrae beantwoord, hetsy in die woordelys of in die spelreëlgedeelte, maar dat daar steeds onbeantwoorde vrae is, veral met betrekking tot kosterme.
Die etos van die hedendaagse kenniswerker
Authors: De Beer F
Published: September 2017

Hierdie artikel besin oor die etos van die hedendaagse kenniswerker en die relevansie daarvan vir die wetenskappe van die gees soos dit ontwikkel is in die boek van Alan Liu The laws of cool: knowledge work and the culture of information. Volgens hom is "die toon of stand van die hedendaagse samelewing" van so ŉ aard dat dit dringende herstel behoef. Die hedendaagse lewe, die hedendaagse samelewing ly, is siek; ons ervaar ŉ sosiopatologie van kennisverlies en word daarom bedreig deur ernstige katastrofes. Dit konfronteer ons met ŉ enorme uitdaging. Om hierdie uitdaging die hoof te bied en aan die herstelproses mee te werk moet daarna gesoek word om "goed in te lig of te informeer" waarvoor ŉ "lewe-informerende houding" die noodsaaklike voorwaarde is. Die aard van die informeringstaak word bepaal deur die begrip "lewe" en nie deur geld, of die Mark, of geïsoleerde probleme, of informasie nie, maar lewe. Dit wil sê omvattend en diepgaande informering is nodig. Dit is die taak van die geletterdes (wat geletterheidvolheid belewe en najaag): poëties, fiksioneel, wetenskaplik en wetevol, hipertekstueel en multi-mediamatig, op voorwaarde dat nie een hiervan verblind mag word deur en verbonde is aan ideologiese vertolkinge en verdraaiinge van die werklikheid nie wat op alle gebiede oorvloedig in omloop is. Hierdie "nuwe literêres" wat in die werk van Liu (2004) voorrang geniet, behoort versterk te word deur die ingesteldheid van diegene wat geestelik toegerus is met die meervoudig-konnektiewe intelleksie, "die troebadoer van kennis" van Michel Serres, wat terselfdertyd ook toegerus is met die etos van die onbekende. Wie ook al sodanig toegerus is, sal ideale kandidate wees vir die verlangde sosioterapeutiese taak, in die belang van die herinvensie van kennis in die volle sin van die woord.
Die psigososiale omstandighede van straatkinders en hulle behoeftes in 'n lewensvaardigheidsprogram
Authors: Simeon E , Herbst A , Strydom H
Published: September 2017

Die straatkindverskynsel het dwarsoor die wêreld ŉ maatskaplike probleem geword en kan aan heelwat faktore toegeskryf word soos swak ekonomiese toestande, werkloosheid en gesinsprobleme wat in die gemeenskap ervaar word. Hierdie kinders verbeur dikwels die voorregte en bydraes tot ontwikkeling wat deur ŉ gesonde gesinslewe teweeg gebring word, en daar word onvoldoende in hulle basiese behoeftes voorsien. Hierdie situasie strem hul normale ontwikkeling en hulle openbaar dikwels ernstige psigososiale nagevolge, soos wantroue in mense, ŉ gebrek aan selfvertroue en swak interpersoonlike verhoudings. Die studie se teoretiese uitgangspunt is die sterkte- en bemagtigingsperspektiewe wat aanvullend in maatskaplike werk benut kan word. Min literatuur is beskikbaar oor die psigososiale behoeftes en omstandighede van straatkinders in Suid-Afrika. Die doel van die studie behels ŉ behoeftebepaling ten opsigte van die psigososiale omstandighede en behoeftes van straatkinders by die Thakaneng Kinder- en Jeugsorgsentrum (TKJS) in Potchefstroom ten einde inligting te versamel wat benut kan word in ŉ lewensvaardigheidsprogram. Die gemengde navorsingsmetode is benut deurdat kwalitatiewe sowel as kwantitatiewe navorsingstegnieke en -metodes binne die verkennende en beskrywende navorsingsontwerpe benut is. Vir die deel van die studie waaroor in hierdie artikel verslag gedoen word, is data deur middel van ŉ self-gestruktureerde vraelys ingesamel. Vanuit die verkreë data kon die behoefte vir, en moontlike temas van belang vir ŉ lewensvaardigheidsprogram, geïdentifiseer word. Van die belangrikste lewensvaardighede wat die navorser vanuit die behoeftebepaling en die literatuur kon identifiseer, is selfkennis; selfvertroue en selfhandhawing; interpersoonlike verhoudings en vertroue; algemene en emosionele hanteringmeganismes; toekomsbeplanning en besluitneming; gesondheid en ŉ gesonde leefstyl; kommunikasievaardighede; probleemoplossing en konflikhantering; tydsbestuur; finansiële bestuur en sekere ander aangeleenthede, soos die gevare verbonde aan die misbruik van middels, die voorkoming van MIV en ander oordraagbare geslagsiektes, asook kinderregte. Hierdie vaardighede word deur die kwantitatiewe sowel as kwalitatiewe data bevestig.
HIV Mathematical Model considering Antiretroviral Administration
Authors:   , Cruz-Langarica S. A.
Published: September 2017

En este trabajo se propone un modelo matemático consistente de cuatro ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias que describen la evolución del VIH en un individuo seropositivo y el efecto de un antirretroviral en el proceso de replicación del virus en las células T CD4+. Con el propósito de determinar la efectividad del medicamento en el largo plazo se analizan los casos con y sin el tratamiento antirretroviral para observar el efecto en la población de células T CD4+ sanas e infectadas. Con el modelo matemático propuesto se encuentra un caso en el cual el tratamiento antirretroviral permite mantener una concentración de T CD4+ no infectadas clínicamente saludable en el organismo. Mediante la aplicación del método de Conjuntos Compactos Invariantes se establecen los límites máximos para las poblaciones de células sanas e infectadas, así como la concentración del VIH libre en el organismo. Finalmente, se realizan simulaciones numéricas para ilustrar los resultados en el plano temporal, se grafican las soluciones del sistema y los límites superiores obtenidos, estos permiten observar el valor máximo que pueden llegar a alcanzar las poblaciones de células sanas, las infectadas y la concentración de VIH en el torrente sanguíneo.
Design of a System with a Potential Application to Neonatal Jaundice Phototherapy
Authors:   , Contreras-Álvarez V. H.
Published: September 2017

En este proyecto se diseñó y construyó un prototipo con potencial aplicación a un sistema de fototerapia para ictericia neonatal utilizando por primera vez LEDs de 10 W de alta potencia. Se describe la metodología aplicada para el diseño de los diferentes circuitos electrónicos que se utilizaron para la alimentación de la corriente de excitación de los LEDs, se describe el método de control de corriente mediante el uso de la modulación por ancho de pulsos, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM, por sus siglas en inglés), generados por el circuito integrado 555. Se diseñó la placa de circuito impreso mediante la ayuda del simulador Orcad Layout. Se utilizaron dos LEDs de alta potencia de 10 W para el propósito de conservar la intensidad requerida para el tratamiento, minimizando el espacio utilizado por la cantidad de LEDs utilizados en los equipos convencionales. Entre las limitaciones que se presentaron en esta investigación fue el uso de la plataforma Arduino, ya que se tienen varias oportunidades de mejora para darle el mejor uso al microcontrolador, y de esta manera digitalizar el sistema de una forma más completa, reduciendo la circuitería de control. El prototipo presentado cumple con los requerimientos necesarios para un sistema de fototerapia.
UTILIZAÇÃO DE ANÁLISE MULTICRITÉRIO PARA MAPEAMENTO DE ÁREAS PRIORITÁRIAS PARA EXTRAÇÃO DE MINERAIS RICOS EM LÍTIO NOS PEGMATITOS DO MUNICÍPIO DE SOLONÓPOLE (CE)
Authors: Moreira Marcos Aurélio Marcelino , Silva Cristiano Alves da
Published: September 2017

O lítio vem sendo cada vez mais demandado como ânodo na fabricação de baterias elétricas, por apresentar um carregamento mais rápido e maiores densidade de carga e durabilidade, o que amplia a vida útil da bateria. No Brasil, a extração de lítio está restrita aos pegmatitos de Araçuaí (MG), entretanto, considerando a demanda crescente do mercado, torna-se necessária uma melhor compreensão de outras áreas com potencial para a extração de minerais de lítio, como no caso dos pegmatitos encontrados na região de Solonópole (CE), sendo o objetivo deste artigo, demonstrar a utilização de análise multicritério para mapeamento de áreas prioritárias para explotação de minerais ricos em lítio, a partir de observações de campo realizadas em antigos garimpos de pegmatitos existentes nesta região. Os resultados obtidos foram considerados satisfatórios, com a identificação de áreas prioritárias para explotação de minerais litiníferos, ponderando de forma holística os dados coletados nos antigos garimpos abandonados. Os resultados das análises químicas e da avaliação multicritério corroboram com os trabalhos já existentes na região, mas com o diferencial do escalonamento da potencialidade, fornecendo a pesquisadores interessados no lítio existente na região, uma fonte de informação exploratória capaz de maximizar as pesquisas e minimizar custos.
MAPEAMENTO GEOLÓGICO DA PORÇÃO SUDOESTE DA FOLHA AIRI, BACIA DE JATOBÁ, NORDESTE DO BRASIL
Authors: Veras José Diego Dias , Neumann Virgínio Henrique de Miranda Lopes , Valença Lúcia Maria Mafra , Madruga Marcelo Menezes Diniz , Oliveira Silvio Roberto de
Published: September 2017

A área de estudo está inserida no Domínio Pernambuco-Alagoas da Província Borborema, onde ocorre embasamento Paleoproterozoico (Complexo Belém do São Francisco – ortognaisses graníticos migmatizados) e uma Suíte Granítica Neoproterozoica (Alcalifeldspato granitos a sienogranitos) e rochas sedimentares (arenitos, siltitos, folhelhos e argilitos) da Bacia do Jatobá. Foi realizado mapeamento geológico na escala de 1:50.000, em uma área com 250 km2, que abrange os litotipos do embasamento cristalino e da Bacia de Jatobá. Na Bacia de Jatobá, a Fase Pré-Rifte de idade Jurássica (Tithoniana), é representada pela Formação Aliança (folhelhos e siltitos avermelhados e esverdeados – redbeds – com níveis areníticos, por vezes calcíferos) e pela Formação Sergi (arenitos quartzosos finos a grossos, além da presença de troncos fósseis silicificados característicos dessa unidade). A Fase Rifte é caracterizada por arenitos esbranquiçados que variam de finos a grossos e folhelhos e siltitos da Formação Candeias (Berriasiano), caracterizando um ambiente flúviolacustre, e o ambiente fluvial de alta energia com retrabalhamento eólico da Formação São Sebastião (arenitos finos a médios com níveis grossos na base). Além das rochas sedimentares de idade mesozoica, encontram-se depósitos colúvio-eluviais que representam o Cenozoico.
Diarrhoea, nutrition and oral rehydration therapy: awareness, attitude and practices among mothers of children under five years
Authors: Gandra Nayantara Rao , Farooqui Dilnaaz
Published: September 2017

Background: Lack of knowledge about the preventive and therapeutic measures pose a barrier in the management of diarrhoea in children.Methods: This study was conducted to assess awareness and attitude among mothers of children <5 years, towards diarrhea, feeding practices during diarrhoea, awareness and use of oral rehydration therapy (ORT). A standard questionnaire including handwashing practice, sanitation, personal hygiene, feeding practice, knowledge about disease was the assessmetn tool.Results: Of 300 mothers, 190 (62.60%) were in 20-30 years age group. Mean±SD age was 24.5±2.47 years. Literates were 78.67%; majority belonged to class III (37.69%) and IV (23.32%) socioeconomic class. Disease awareness was low (71.86%) and 68.03% were unaware of complications. Teething (32.64%), contaminated food and water (29.32%) were the main causes. Rice based food considered best (45.96%) followed by fruit juices (21.98%), boiled saboo daana (20.65%). Breast feed continued in 73.93%, solid food in 27.30%. Bottle feeding (92%) was preferred for top feeding and cleaning the bottle with boiling water was the most practiced (68.0%) method. Knowledge on oral rehydrating fluids was adequate (Home made salt and sugar solution (66.0%) and oral hydration solution (80.0%)); knowledge on correct preparation was inadequate. Not practicing proper hand wash (50.55%), wrong dilution (69.50%) and use of unsafe water (29.49%) were correctable factors. There was insufficient knowledge (89.50%) about quantity of fluid to be restored.Conclusions: There is an urgent need to educate mothers on initial fluid replacement and hygienic practices to be followed during diarrhoea apart from improving handwashing practice, sanitation, feeding practice, knowledge about disease.
Ser professor-tutor online a partir das contribuições do Sistema de Zonas de Desenvolvimento
Authors: Santos Priscila Costa , Maciel Diva Albuquerque
Published: September 2017

O presente artigo tem por objetivo discorrer sobre as implicações na formação profissional do professor-tutor online a partir das contribuições do Sistema de Zonas de Desenvolvimento. Para tal, utilizamos como suporte teórico as contribuições do Sistema de Zonas de Desenvolvimento, conceito amplamente difundido por teóricos como Vygotsky e Valsiner. O trabalho, de cunho qualitativo, foi desenvolvido no contexto de um curso online ofertado para cerca de 26.000 professores-cursistas de um Estado da Federação. O curso obteve 95% de índice de aprovação. Para as análises foram considerados as entrevistas de três professores-tutores e de uma professora-supervisora, assim como, o Relatório Final do curso. Constatouse a necessidade de maior direcionamento das entidades governamentais para a regulamentação das atividades do professor-tutor bem como o seu papel essencial nas atividades online.Palavras-chave: Professor, Professor-tutor, Tutor, Sistema de zonas de desenvolvimento.Being online teacher from the contributions Zone System Development AbstractThe purpose of this article is to discuss the implications and the contributions of the Zone System Development in the professional formation of online teacher. For this, we use as theoretical support and the contributions of the Development Zone System, concept widely diffused by theoreticians like Vygotsky and Valsiner. The qualitative work was developed in the context of an online course offered to about 26.000 teachers from a State of Brazil. The course had 95% approval rate. For the analyzes, we considered interviews of three online teachers and one online supervisor, as well as the Final Report of the course. It was verified the need for greater targeting of government entities to regulate the activities of online teacher as well as their essential role in online activities. Keywords: Teacher, Online teacher, Zone system development.
Videoaulas em primeira pessoa: suas características e sua contribuição para a EaD
Authors: Pereira Guilherme de Carvalho , Magalini Lidiane Maria
Published: September 2017

Desde o início da utilização das ferramentas de vídeo para a educação a distância, vários modelos surgiram de maneira a contribuir com a interação entre aluno e professor. Dentre eles se encontra um modelo de videoaula por meio da captura da tela do computador para ensino de funcionalidades computacionais, entre outros conteúdos. Por utilizar o recurso de câmera subjetiva, tem focalização em primeira pessoa e, assim como no cinema e videogames, proporciona ao aluno-espectador o efeito de imersão e agenciamento, aproximando-o do professor, de quem observa e reproduz as ações. Como ferramenta prática para a EaD mediada por tecnologia, a videoaula em primeira pessoa pode auxiliar no aprendizado dos alunos, no trabalho dos professores e na gestão das instituições.Palavras-chave: Videoaula, Primeira pessoa, Screencast.2 Video Lessons in First Person: their Characteristics and their Contribution to Distance Education AbstractSince the beginning of the use of video tools for distance education, many models for the interaction between student and teacher have emerged. Among those, it is found the screencast model for teaching computer features and other content. By using the subjective camera view and first-person focus, like in the movies and video games, the student is provided with the immersion and agency effects, and is brought closer to the teacher whose actions can be observed and reproduced. As a practical tool for distance education mediated by technology first-person video lessons can help students in the learning process, the teachers work and the management of institutions.Keywords: Video Lessons, First person, Screencast.
Dialogando com Bernstein e os Tutores da EaD
Authors: Grützmann Thaís Philipsen , Alves Rozane da Silveira
Published: September 2017

A estruturação pedagógica da Educação a Distância vem sendo analisada sob diferentes enfoques, proporcionando uma gama potencial de pesquisas. Nesta, o objetivo era analisar como o tutor a distância recontextualiza os seus saberes docentes na atuação em Educação a Distância. O lócus de pesquisa foi o Curso de Licenciatura em Matemática a Distância da Universidade Federal de Pelotas. A pesquisa proposta teve caráter qualitativo, sendo definida como estudo de caso. Os sujeitos pesquisados foram os cinquenta tutores a distância do curso. Os dados foram coletados através de questionário online, entrevista semiestruturada e observação não sistemática da prática dos tutores e, posteriormente, analisados através da Análise de Conteúdo e da Teoria de Bernstein. Os principais resultados obtidos foram que a recontextualização dos saberes docentes na prática da tutoria acontece pela reestruturação e reorganização dos conteúdos; pelo tipo de comunicação realizada com os estudantes, principalmente na forma escrita:feedback; pela forma diferenciada com que os materiais e as atividades precisam ser apresentados; e por meio do contato contínuo entre tutor e estudante. A recontextualização também se configura na afetividade e na interação com o aluno que acontece de forma virtual e mais particularizada, mediada pelas tecnologias.Palavras-chave: Tutor, Educação a Distância, Bernstein, Saberes docentes, Recontextualização.Dialogue with Bernstein and the Tutors of the EaD AbstractThe pedagogic structuring of Distance Learning has been analyzed by different approaches, providing a considerable potential for researches. Therfore, the objective was to analyze how the distance tutor re-contextualizes his teaching knowledge in the field of Distance Learning. The research was carried out at the Federal University of Pelotas in the Distance Math Teaching Course. The proposed research had a qualitative approach, being defined as a case study. The subjects researched were fifty distance tutors from the course. The data was collected through online questionnaires, semi-structured interview and a non-systematic observation of the tutors practice, and were later analyzed through Content Analysis and Bernstein s theory. The main results obtained were that the re-contextualization of teacher knowledge in the tutoring practice occurs by the restructuring and reorganization of the contents; by the type of communication held with the students, mainly written - feedback; by the differentiated way in which the materials and activities need to be presented and by the continuous contact between the tutor and the student. The re-contextualization occurs in the affectivity and interaction with the student which happens virtually and in a more private setting, mediated by the technologies.Keywords: Tutor, Distance Learning, Bernstein, Teaching Knowledge, Re-contextualization.
Promoção do Pensamento Crítico em Alunos Universitários: o Uso do Fórum de Discussão no Ensino a Distância
Authors: Da Silva Fábio Luiz , Muzardo Fabiane Tais , Lyra Juliana Chueire
Published: September 2017

O desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico é um dos objetivos do ensino, tanto no presencial quanto na modalidade a distância (EaD). No ensino a distância, o contato face a face entre professor e aluno é substituído pela interação por meio de ferramentas virtuais de aprendizagem, com destaque para os fóruns de discussão on-line. Esta pesquisa buscou refletir sobre a possibilidade de os fóruns desenvolverem o pensamento crítico dos alunos. Para isso realizou-se um estudo de caso com 28 alunos que cursavam licenciatura na modalidade a distância. Os participantes foram divididos em grupo de controle e grupo experimental; este foi submetido a intervenções no fórum baseadas na Taxionomia de Bloom revisada. O desempenho dos alunos foi analisado por meio da aplicação de pré-teste e pós-teste. Os resultados obtidos indicam que, no caso estudado, não houve diferença significativa entre os dois grupos. Apesar disso, acreditamos que o fórum pode colaborar para o desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico caso faça parte de uma remodelagem dos ciclos de formação dos cursos.Palavras-chave: Pensamento crítico, Fórum de discussão on-line, Taxionomia de Bloom.Development of Critical Thinking in College Students: the Usage of On-line Discussion ForumsAbstract The development of critical thinking is one of the objectives of education, as much on classroom education as in distance education (Ead). In distance education, the face to face contact between professor and student is replaced byvirtual tools for learning, with emphasis on the online discussion forums. This research seeks to reflect about the possibility that the forums develop the students critical thinking skills. For that, a case study was carried out with 28 students who attended to licentiate degree classes on the distance education mode. The participants were divided in Control Group and Study Group, being the latter one submitted to interventions on the forum based on revised Blooms taxonomy. The students performance was analyzed by means of usage of pre-test and post-test. The results obtained indicate that, in the case studied, there wasnt any substantial difference between the two groups.Despite this, we believe that the forum can contribute to the development of critical thinking if it is part of a reshaping of the course cycles.Keywords: Critical thinking, Online discussion forums, Blooms taxonomy.