bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN SANKSI TA’ZIR UNTUK MEMBENTUK KARAKTER DISIPLIN SANTRI DI PONDOK PESANTREN AL-MUSYARROFAH JAKARTA SELATAN
Authors: Oktavera Siska , Alfarisi Rifki , Ghofur Abdul
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efek dari penerapan sanksi Ta’zir pada tingkat kedisiplinan santri di Pondok Pesantren al-Musyarrofah. Sering dijumpai di kalangan santri di banyak pondok pesantren yang melanggar peraturan-peraturan yang telah ditetapkan pengurus. Di antara hal yang menjadikan hal tersebut terjadi adalah kurangnya penanaman sikap disiplin pada santri dan tidak adanya konsekuensi terhadap peraturan-peraturan yang telah dilanggar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Peneliti mendapatkan data menggunakan metode wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa penerapan ta’zir di Pondok Pesantren al-Musyarrofah disesuaikan dengan tingkatan pelanggaran yang telah dilakukan santri. Ta’zir yang diterapkan bentuknya bermacam-macam dan dikelompokkan menjadi 3 kategori, yaitu: ringan, sedang, dan berat. Penerapan ta’zir tersebut memberikan efek baik berupa meningkatnya kedisiplinan santri. Santri menjadi lebih mentaati peraturan yang ada dan melaksanakan kegiatan pesantren dengan baik. Kelebihan dan kekurangan  yaitu tidak stabilnya semangat pengurus, kedua perlakuan yang kurang adil antara santri junior dan senior dalam menerapkan ta’zir, serta kurangnya tauladan dari santri senior.
MODEL MANAJEMEN PENCEGAHAN PERUNDUNGAN DI SDIT AL HARAKI DEPOK JAWA BARAT
Authors: Awaludin Muhamad Asep
Published: May 2024

Banyak dijumpai kasus perilaku perundungan yang dilakukan oleh peserta didik kepada temannya, yang mengakibatkan korban perundungan tersebut mengalami trauma sehingga tiba-tiba tidak mau pergi ke sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengobservasi sebab terjadinya perilaku perundungan masih sering terjadi, dan bagaimana model manajemen pencegahan perundangan dilingkungan pendidikan sekolah dasar tepatnya di SDIT Al Haraki Depok Jawa Barat yang masih dijumpai beberapa indikasi kasus perundungan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif yang juga didukung oleh data-data lapangan melalui wawancara. Penelitian ini menem ukan bahwa,sebab terjadi perundungan di SDIT Al Haraki adalah masih ada beberapa guru yang belum menyadari bahwa sikap keseharian yang menganggap remeh dalam tutur kata dan respon yang mereka berikan terhadap kenakalan (perilaku jahil) antar siswa di sekolah secara tidak langsung mentriger terjadinya perundungan. Adapun dari aspek manajemen sekolah, ditemukan bahwa sudah ditetapkannya kebijakan-kebijakan yang sinkron dengan peraturan-peraturan di setiap kelas, sehingga tidak membingungkan antara sebagian siswa dan juga guru dalam penerapannya. Selain itu juga diciptakan beberapa program baru bagi siswa-siswi yang bertujuan untuk menyibukkan mereka dengan kegiatan yang bermanfaat yang mampu membangun karakter islami yang terintegritas dalam diri para siswa, sehingga siswa menjadi pribadi yang tangguh dan mandiri dalam menjalani peran sebagai siswa yang baik di sekolah dan di lingkungan manapun mereka berada.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA SMP AL-FITROH KOTA TANGERANG
Authors: Setiawan Sukma , Turmidzi Imam , Sholichah Inti Ulfi
Published: May 2024

Fokus permasalah yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah mengenai motivasi belajar siswa hubungannya dengan kompetensi guru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompetensi guru Pendidikan Agama Islam terhadap motivasi belajar siswa SMP Al-Fitroh Kota Tangerang. Variabel dependen (variabel Y) dengan penelitian ini adalah motivasi belajar siswa, sedangkan variabel independent (X) adalah kompetensi guru Pendidikan Agama Islam. Jenis penelitian yang diambil dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode asosiatif korelasional. Instrumen yang dipakai untuk mengukur variabel terikat (motivasi belajar) adalah angket, dan instrumen untuk mengukur variabel bebas (kompetensi guru Pendidikan Agama Islam) juga menggunakan angket. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode statistik, yaitu statistik deskriptif yakni untuk menyajikan data masing-masing secara tunggal, dan statistik inferensial yakni untuk menguji hipotesis penelitian. Adapun temuan hasil penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh positif antara kompetensi guru Pendidikan Agama Islam (variabel X) dengan motivasi belajar siswa (variabel Y), dengan hasil pengujian regresi sederhana dengan memperoleh nilai f hitung lebih besar dari tabel (10.768 > 3.95). Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa adalah dengan mengembangkan kompetensi guru, karena kompetensi guru menjadi tolak ukur yang sangat penting bagi motivasi anak didiknya serta keberhasilan belajarnya di sekolah, karena jika guru tidak memiliki kompetensi sebagai pengajar maka akan sulit untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut.
ANALISIS PROBLEMATIKA DAN TANTANGAN MADRASAH MENJADI LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM UNGGUL DI MASA NEO MODERN
Authors: Amir Faradhillah , Suja'i Ahmad
Published: May 2024

Fokus masalah yang dikaji dalam tulisan ini adalah berkaitan dengan hal-hal yang menjadikan madrasah mengalami problem dan tantangan untuk menjadi Lembaga pendidikan Islam yang unggul. Idealnya, madrasah sebagai lembaga pendidikan Islam yang kental dengan nilai-nilai agama dapat bersaing dengan lembaga lain yang sudah maju. Metode penulisan yang digunakan oleh penulis adalah kualitatif, di mana sumber data diperoleh melalui kepustakaan (library research) berupa buku, jurnal, dan lainnya. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa berbagai problem dan tantangan yang kerap dihadapi madrasah diantaranya adalah manajemen sekolah, kualitas sumber daya tenaga pendidik, evaluasi pendidikan yang bersifat parsial, hasil belajar yang rendah, minimnya sarana dan prasarana, dan lingkungan sekolah yang tidak mendukung. Solusi yag dapat ditawarkan adalah memperbaiki manajemen yang meliputi manajemen perencanaan, sumber daya manusia, kurikulum, kesiswaan, administrasi, dan keuangan
PEMBELAJARAN ABAD 21: MELIHAT LEBIH DEKAT INOVASI DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA DALAM KONTEKS PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA
Authors: Rosyid Abdul , Mubin Fatkhul
Published: May 2024

Dalam era pembelajaran abad 21, terjadi perubahan signifikan sebagai dampak dari pesatnya kemajuan Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi (IPTEK). Perubahan ini mencakup pergeseran paradigma pembelajaran yang ditandai oleh modifikasi kurikulum, penggunaan media baru, dan integrasi teknologi. Pembelajaran abad 21 sejalan dengan evolusi masyarakat dari zaman primitif hingga masyarakat agraris, kemudian industri, dan saat ini menuju masyarakat informatif yang ditandai oleh digitalisasi. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi penerapan inovasi pembelajaran pada abad 21, dengan menggunakan metode kajian pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan abad 21 bertujuan untuk mengembangkan potensi peserta didik dan memberdayakan mereka untuk membentuk karakter yang lebih baik. Beberapa inovasi pembelajaran abad 21, seperti penerapan Model Blended Learning (MBL), diidentifikasi sebagai solusi yang sangat relevan untuk menghadapi tantangan di Indonesia pada abad ke-21 dan mempersiapkan lingkungan belajar yang mendukung pencapaian kompetensi abad 21. Selain itu, digitalisasi masyarakat global mendorong perubahan dalam proses pembelajaran di sekolah-sekolah, memerlukan keterampilan teknologi digital baik dari guru maupun siswa.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF MENGGUNAKAN TIPE TGT (TEAM GAMES TOURNAMENT) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA DI MI AL-HIDAYAH TANGERANG SELATAN
Authors: Murtiningsih Siti , Anggraini Selvi Septiana , Amalia Dina
Published: May 2024

Fokus masalah dalam penelitian ini yaitu pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Game Tournament (TGT)  terhadap hasil belajar IPA  yang belum tuntas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Game Tournament (TGT) terhadap hasil belajar IPA di MI Al-Hidayah Tangerang Selatan. Berdasarkan analisis data yang telah diuraikan di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan terhadap hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Game Tournament (TGT). Ini dibenarkan dengan perolehan hasil yang didapat nilai thitung > ttabel (4.774 > 0.279) demikian juga dengan nilai sig < α ( 0,000 < 0,05). Hasil tersebut menunjukan terbuktinya hipotesis, yaitu terdapat pengaruh terhadap hasil belajar belajar siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Game Tournament (TGT) dengan yang tidak menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Game Tournament (TGT) pada siswa kelas V MI Al-Hidayah Tangerang Selatan.
Efficient Resource Management, Energy Harvesting and Power Consumption in IOT
Authors: A Amaefule I.
Published: May 2024

Internet of Things (IoT) devices are becoming more and more common in today's society, with applications found in a wide range of fields. These gadgets, which come with sensors and communication capabilities, collect and send enormous amounts of data from the real world to digital networks. The need for internet infrastructure has increased significantly due to the exponential expansion in data generation brought about by the proliferation of IoT devices. Energy harvesting in Internet of Things devices can maximize their application, positioning, and functionality, resulting in the ideal synergy. Additionally, because IoT devices do not have direct access to a power source, their power consumption is frequently supplied by a battery. This is frequently brought on by being situated in areas where it is just not feasible to reach the electrical grid. Thus, the research is concentrated on creating strategies to enhance the energy efficiency of Internet of Things devices, look into energy harvesting methods, optimize resource allocation and management, and discover ways to lower power consumption.
Implementation of the Fuzzy C-Means Method for Clustering Stunting Areas in West Sumatra
Authors: Bahri Dr. Susila , Ningsih Rahayu , Baqi Dr. Ahmad Iqbal
Published: May 2024

Although the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia decreased from 27.6% to 21.6% from 2020 to 2022, this value still exceeds the target prevalence set by the WHO. West Sumatra is one of the provinces that contribute significantly to this prevalence. This research aims to classify 19 regencies and cities into stunting vulnerability groups (high, moderate, low) based on factors contributing to stunting reduction. By employing the FCM method, the study identified four areas with high stunting vulnerability, eight with moderate stunting, and seven with low stunting We performed the computation using Matlab software.
Upcycling of solid waste for furniture production: an environmentally sustainable solution for waste disposal
Authors: Ofori-Agyei Grace Ofeibia , Baah Owusu Panin Kwame , Adom Dickson , Amankwa John Opuni , Abedi Annie
Published: May 2024

Purpose. This study aimed to demonstrate, using studio research approaches, how solid waste in Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana, can be innovatively recycled into aesthetically pleasing and functional furniture pieces as a waste management strategy to achieve environmental sustainability.
Results. Environmental sustainability and the economic profitability of solid waste generated during furniture production go hand in hand. By using recycled or reclaimed materials, implementing sustainable production practices and responding to the demand for environmentally friendly products, furniture manufacturers can contribute to a more sustainable future while receiving financial benefits. The study showed that upcycling is an excellent waste management strategy that creative persons and other innovators could use to help in the management of solid waste that have become an environmental nuisance. Also, the study revealed that creative persons could potentially train others in their locality to be more creative-centered so as to innovatively transform solid waste materials into more aesthetically relevant and functional items for environmental sustainability.
Scientific novelty. The discarded solid wastes were repurposed to create new, functional and aesthetically pleasing furniture. The process of upcycling not only reduces solid waste but also minimizes the need for raw materials and energy consumption in furniture production. This is a new and an innovative concept in the field of furniture in Ghana.
Practical value. Upcycling of solid waste for furniture production in the Kumasi Metropolis offers usable relevance by reducing waste, conserving physical resources, and creating economic opportunities which is mutually beneficial for both the environment and the community. Applying sustainable practices in furniture production can improve the brand image and attract public or consumer attention to environmentally conscious people.
Impact of financial technology on Algerian bank performance
Authors: Meziane Mohammed Toufik , Bouguetaia Soufyane
Published: May 2024

Purpose. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of financial technology on the performance of banks in Algeria.
Results. We found that the expansion of the scope of application of financial technology allows banks to gain a prominent position in the banking market, reduce costs, manage risks, predict crises, achieve customer satisfaction, promote and diversify services, which positively affects the development of financial and commercial performance of commercial banks in Algeria. Through the applied study, the authors reached the following results: (1) rejection of the first hypothesis, which states that there is no significant impact of credit card balances on the rate of return on assets; (2) accept the second hypothesis that there is no significant impact of the value of technological assets on the rate of return on assets; (3) rejection of the third hypothesis, which states that there is no significant impact of credit card balances on the rate of return on equity; (4) accept the fourth hypothesis, which states that there is no significant impact of the value of technological assets on the rate of return on equity. In light of the findings, the authors recommend the following: (1) the need to pay attention to financial technology because of its positive impact on the banking sector, perhaps the most important of which is improving the quality of financial services provided to customers in terms of speed and cost; (2) the need for banks to pay attention to financial innovations because of their importance and impact on their financial and competitive position; (3) the need for banks to cooperate with startups in the field of financial technology in order to benefit from these companies in developing their various banking services; (4) the need to improve the ICT infrastructure; (5) the need to develop effective models to reduce the risks associated with financial technology innovations; (6) the need to conduct awareness campaigns for customers about the importance of financial technology and its benefits; (7) the need to spread the culture of using financial technology among customers, especially in light of the Covid-19 crisis.
Scientific novelty. The study identified the factors that influenced the change in the performance of banks in Algeria during the popularization of the use of financial technology: credit cards, return on assets, return on equity, technological assets, growth rate, inflation rate and value at risk. The authors proposed two sets of measures (short-term and long-term) that would promote the use of fintech in order to positively impact the performance of banks in Algeria.
Practical value. The practical significance of this study lies in its potential as a valuable resource and tool to promote the use of financial technology as a powerful catalyst to improve and promote the bank performance, particularly in the area of credit card proliferation and the exploration of financial innovations.
The role of management in fostering startup development with venture investments
Authors: Limar Vadim
Published: May 2024

Purpose. This article delves into the intricate interplay of startup development and venture investments, aiming to identify the critical role of effective management in managing startups to success. The purpose is to provide a comprehensive exploration of the startup ecosystem, venture investment dynamics, and the strategic responsibilities of management in fostering sustainable growth.
Results. Our research unfolds across distinct sections, starting with an overview of the startup ecosystem and the definition of venture investments. Real case studies show successful startups, emphasizing the symbiotic relationship between strategic funding and adept management. The strategic role of management is dissected, encompassing leadership, decision-making, and the creation of high-performance teams. Investor-management collaboration is scrutinized through detailed case analyses and an advanced table outlining key elements.
Scientific novelty. Scientific novelty lies in the the detailed study of the evolution of the role of management in the changing landscape of venture investments. New trends in startup development, combined with strategic recommendations, provide a forward-looking perspective. The article contributes to the scientific discourse by uncovering the intricate connections between investor relations, management strategies, and the success trajectory of startups.
Practical value. The practical value of this research extends to startups, management teams, and investors. The recommendations offer actionable insights, to direct startups to the development of adaptive thinking, prioritization of sustainable development and the use of technological innovations. The advanced table on investor-management collaboration serves as a practical tool for fostering transparent communication and balancing stakeholder interests. Furthermore, the outlined future research avenues beckon scholars and industry stakeholders to explore novel dimensions, ensuring continuous adaptation to the evolving landscape of venture investments and startup development.
A IMPUNIDADE DOS CRIMES DE PEDOFILIA NO AMBIENTE FAMILIAR
Authors: Sousa Carlla Suellem Facundini , Bezerra Marco Antonio Alves , Lustosa Kárita Barros
Published: May 2024

Introdução: A pedofilia é uma desordem psicológica na qual uma pessoa adulta sente uma atração sexual primária por crianças pré-púberes, geralmente com idade de 11 anos ou menos. A impunidade nos casos de pedofilia no ambiente familiar é um tema sensível e traumático, pois, por ser no ambiente familiar, há uma dificuldade maior em levar tais casos às autoridades policiais. Um dos principais desafios reside no medo ou na incapacidade das vítimas em denunciar os abusos. Muitas vezes, os pedófilos atuam em um ambiente onde as vítimas, por medo, vergonha ou coerção, evitam comunicar pessoas próximas para chegar até as autoridades. A ênfase está na lacuna entre a ocorrência dos abusos e a efetiva resposta legal. Objetivo: Este projeto tem a finalidade de identificar as razões para a impunidade nos casos de pedofilia em contexto familiar, bem como analisar os efeitos jurídicos dessa questão. Metodologia: Baseia-se em uma revisão bibliográfica, com fundamento em artigos científicos, livros, periódicos e na legislação atual sobre o respectivo tema. A coleta de dados será realizada por meio de banco de dados tais como Scielo, Google Acadêmico, dentre outros, no período de 2018 a 2023. Conclusão: Nos resultados, busca-se não apenas analisar a problemática da impunidade da pedofilia no ambiente familiar, mas também contribuir ativamente para a construção de estratégias que possam efetivamente enfrentar esse desafio, promovendo um ambiente mais seguro para as vítimas.
ABORDAGEM ENDOCRINOLÓGICA NA MODULAÇÃO DA RESPOSTA IMUNE: PERSPECTIVAS ATUAIS
Authors: Oliveira Marco Antonio Barbosa de , Medeiros Ana Daniele Queiroz de , Souza Wesley Barbosa , Jardim Marcos Vinicius Ideriha , Sanna Isabela Pimenta
Published: May 2024

A abordagem endocrinológica na modulação da resposta imune é um campo de estudo que investiga a interação entre o sistema endócrino e o sistema imunológico. Compreender como os hormônios endócrinos influenciam a resposta imune é fundamental para avanços na terapia de doenças autoimunes, inflamatórias e neoplásicas. Objetivo: O objetivo desta revisão sistemática de literatura é examinar as perspectivas atuais sobre a abordagem endocrinológica na modulação da resposta imune, destacando as descobertas mais recentes e as lacunas de conhecimento. Metodologia: A metodologia foi baseada no checklist PRISMA. Utilizamos as bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Web of Science para pesquisar artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos. Os descritores incluíram "endocrinologia", "resposta imune", "hormônios", "citocinas" e "modulação". Os critérios de inclusão foram estudos originais em inglês, espanhol ou português, focados na interação entre hormônios e resposta imune. Os critérios de exclusão foram estudos duplicados, revisões sistemáticas e estudos com foco em outros campos além da endocrinologia e imunologia. Resultados: Os resultados revelaram uma complexa interação entre hormônios endócrinos e células do sistema imunológico. Os principais tópicos incluíram o papel do cortisol na supressão da resposta imune, a influência dos hormônios tireoidianos na função imunológica e o impacto dos esteroides sexuais na resposta inflamatória. Além disso, foi encontrada uma variedade de estudos explorando terapias endócrinas para modular a resposta imune em diferentes contextos clínicos. Conclusão: Em suma, a abordagem endocrinológica na modulação da resposta imune oferece insights valiosos para o entendimento das bases fisiológicas e patológicas da resposta imune. Esta revisão destaca a importância contínua da pesquisa nessa área e aponta para possíveis aplicações clínicas para o desenvolvimento de novas terapias imunomoduladoras.
Analisis Pelarangan Operasional Tiktok Shop Dalam Langkah Pengambilan Keputusan Melalui Perspektif Problem Tree Analysis
Authors: Diana Aviq Rahmadhani  , Nadiasel Ogsala  , M. Noer Falaq Al Amin
Published: May 2024

The controversial TikTok Shop case has become a hot topic of discussion lately. The violation committed by the TikTok company is combining online buying and selling platforms with social media platforms. Legally in Indonesia, this is considered illegal and has a negative impact on the sustainability of domestic MSMEs and causes various other problems. The government revised the old Permendag, namely No. 50 of 2020, which did not clearly emphasize the legal PMSE system in Indonesia, which also discussed the social commerce system. The issue of TikTok violating PMSE is an interesting thing to study regarding the relationship between the government's decision to issue a policy to stop TikTok Shop and its driving factors. Researchers use descriptive research methods with a qualitative approach. Literature study and documentation are data collection techniques used in this study. The data analysis technique used is the Problem Tree Analysis approach. While the focus of his research is on PMSE violations by TikTok Companies in Indonesia. From this research, it was found that there is an unclear legal and regulatory umbrella from government regulations regarding PMSE itself. And there are also various consequences caused by TikTok Shop violations that have fatal consequences on the country's economy and domestic MSMEs. For this reason, legal clarity must be paid more attention to by the government so that when there is increasingly rapid technological development as well as increasingly complex systems do not create problems due to technology gaps.
Latent structure and reliability
Authors: Novak Josip , Rebernjak Blaž
Published: May 2024

There are numerous reliability coefficients and α is the most popular. It is known that different coefficients can be appropriate in specific conditions and that α should not be used indiscriminately. However, some coefficients and conditions, particularly regarding the latent structure, lacked attention in previous research. In four Monte Carlo simulations, this study compared α, λ2, maximized λ4, λ4 based on locally optimal splits, μ2, Gilmer-Feldt, Kaiser-Caffrey α, Heise-Bohrnstedt Ω, Joreskog's ρ, ωtotal, algebraic greatest lower bound, greatest lower bound based on minimum rank factor analysis in every condition and also hierarchical ω and asymptotic ω hierarchical in multidimensional conditions. Findings suggest each of these coefficients can be useful at least in some conditions. Most differences in performance were observed in congeneric conditions and conditions with up to moderate loadings. Some coefficients were found to be more useful than previously considered. Results are discussed in the context of existing theory and previous Monte Carlo studies.
Droplet collection efficiencies inferred from satellite retrievals constrain effective radiative forcing of aerosol–cloud interactions
Authors: Beall Charlotte M. , Ma Po-Lun , Christensen Matthew W. , Mülmenstädt Johannes , Varble Adam , Suzuki Kentaroh , Michibata Takuro
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Process-oriented observational constraints for the anthropogenic effective radiative forcing due to aerosol–cloud interactions (ERFaci) are highly desirable because the uncertainty associated with ERFaci poses a significant challenge to climate prediction. The contoured frequency by optical depth diagram (CFODD) analysis supports the evaluation of model representation of cloud liquid-to-rain conversion processes because the slope of a CFODD, generated from joint MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-CloudSat cloud retrievals, provides an estimate of cloud droplet collection efficiency in single-layer warm liquid clouds. Here, we present an updated CFODD analysis as an observational constraint on the ERFaci due to warm rain processes and apply it to the U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 2 (E3SMv2). A series of sensitivity experiments shows that E3SMv2 droplet collection efficiencies and ERFaci are highly sensitive to autoconversion, i.e., the rate of mass transfer from cloud liquid to rain, yielding a strong correlation between the CFODD slope and the shortwave component of ERFaci (ERFaciSW; Pearson's R=-0.91). E3SMv2's CFODD slope (0.20 ± 0.04) is in agreement with observations (0.20 ± 0.03). The strong sensitivity of ERFaciSW to the CFODD slope provides a useful constraint on highly uncertain warm rain processes, whereby ERFaciSW, constrained by MODIS-CloudSat, is estimated by calculating the intercept of the linear association between the ERFaciSW and the CFODD slopes, using the MODIS-CloudSat CFODD slope as a reference.
Micro-PINGUIN: microtiter-plate-based instrument for ice nucleation detection in gallium with an infrared camera
Authors: Wieber Corina , Rosenhøj Jeppesen Mads , Finster Kai , Melvad Claus , Šantl-Temkiv Tina
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Ice nucleation particles play a crucial role in atmospheric processes; for example, they can trigger ice formation in clouds and thus influence their lifetime and optical properties. The quantification and characterization of these particles require reliable and precise measurement techniques. In this publication, we present a novel droplet freezing instrument to measure the immersion freezing of biotic and abiotic ice-nucleating particles within the temperature range of 0 to −25 °C. Immersion freezing of the samples is investigated using 384-well PCR plates with a sample volume of 30 µL. Nucleation events are detected with high precision using a thermal camera that records the increase in infrared emission due to the latent heat release. To maximize the thermal contact between the PCR plate and the surrounding cooling unit, we use a gallium bath as a mount for the PCR plate. The instrument was validated relative to a calibrated temperature standard and through reproducibility measurements employing the same suspension. We find that the combination of good thermal connectivity and precise temperature recording enables accurate (±0.81 °C at −10 °C) and reproducible (±0.20 °C) detection of the nucleation temperatures. Consequently, the results that are produced using the MICROtiter-Plate-based instrument for Ice Nucleation detection in GalliUm with an INfrared camera (micro-PINGUIN) are of good quality and the instrument can be used to study the immersion freezing of various ice-nucleating particles. For comparison with already existing instruments, Snomax® (hereafter Snomax) and illite NX suspensions are measured with the new ice nucleation instrument, micro-PINGUIN. Further, we investigated the reproducibility of experiments using Snomax suspensions and found poor reproducibility when suspensions were prepared freshly even if the same batch of Snomax is used. This could be attributed to substrate heterogeneity, aging effects, and dilution errors. The reproducibility of the measurements is greatly improved for Snomax suspensions that are prepared in advance and stored frozen in aliquots. Thus, we suggest the use of suspensions frozen in aliquots for further reproducibility measurements and intercomparison studies.
Clustering of settling microswimmers in turbulence
Authors: Qiu Jingran , Cui Zhiwen , Climent Eric , Zhao Lihao
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Clustering of plankton plays a vital role in several biological activities, including feeding, predation, and mating. Gyrotaxis is one of the mechanisms that induces clustering. A recent study (Candelier et al., 2022) reported a fluid inertial torque acting on a spherical microswimmer, which has the same effect as a gyrotactic torque. In this study, we model plankton cells as microswimmers that are subject to gravitational sedimentation as well as a fluid inertial torque. We use direct numerical simulations to obtain the trajectories of swimmers in homogeneous isotropic turbulence. We also investigate swimmers' clustering using Voronoï analysis. Our findings indicate that fluid inertial torque leads to notable clustering, with its intensity depending on the swimming and settling speeds of swimmers. Using Voronoï analysis, we demonstrate that swimmers preferentially sample downwelling regions where clustering is more prevalent.
Effect of scour on the fatigue life of offshore wind turbines and its prevention through passive structural control
Authors: Cao Yu , Wu Ningyu , Yang Jigang , Chen Chao , Zhu Ronghua , Hua Xugang
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Offshore wind turbine (OWT) support structures are exposed to the risk of fatigue damage and scour, and this risk can be effectively mitigated by installing structural control devices such as tuned mass dampers (TMDs). However, time-varying scour altering OWTs' dynamic characteristics has an impact on the TMD design and fatigue life, which has rarely been studied before. In this paper, a simplified modal model is used to investigate the influence of scour and a TMD on the fatigue life evaluation of a 5 MW OWT's support structure, and a traditional method and a newly developed optimization technique are both presented to obtain TMD parameters. This optimization technique aims at finding optimal parameters of the TMD which maximize the fatigue life of a hotspot at the mudline, and the effect of time-varying scour can be considered. This study assumes that the TMD operates in the fore–aft (FA) direction, while the vibration in the side–side (SS) direction is uncontrolled. Results show that scour can decrease the fatigue life by about 24.1 % and that the TMD can effectively suppress vibration and increase the fatigue life. When the scour depth reaches 1.3 times the pile diameter, the TMD with a mass ratio of 1 % can increase the fatigue life of an OWT's support structure by about 64.6 %. Further, it is found that the fatigue life can be extended by 25 % with the TMD optimized by the proposed optimization technique rather than using a traditional design method which does not take the change in dynamic characteristics into account.
Recailibrating the Use of Zero-Day Vulnerabilities
Authors: Carleton Kellen
Published: May 2024

Zero-day vulnerabilities in critical software systems are of the highest priority for government agencies, black market hackers, and private software vendors. Each of these parties has different priorities and uses for zero-day vulnerabilities, but because of the global economy’s reliance on technology and software, they represent a significant threat to much of the critical infrastructure of the United States. The United States Intelligence Community is among one of the most sophisticated players in the zero-day market, and their decision making with respect to these unknown vulnerabilities has widespread impacts. This note examines the current state of the Vulnerabilities Equities Process, the executive branch policy designed to weigh various equities when determining the fate of a zero-day vulnerability discovered by the Intelligence Community; to use the zero-day to collect intelligence or to disclose the vulnerability and see that it is patched. I argue that the current Vulnerabilities Equities Process does not produce the most optimal outcomes, and that the decision making process must be ‘recalibrated’ to properly weigh all relevant equities and to ensure that zero-day vulnerabilities are not being used irresponsibly.
The Lochneress Monster
Authors: Ejzak John
Published: May 2024

This Note will canvas the history and legacy of Lochner v. New York, and examine the effect that Lochnerism has had on American judges.  It will discuss the Lochneress Monster, a new name for a familiar idea, and it will focus on how Lochnerism is utilized as an argumentative tool.  Finally, the Note will discuss the importance of continuing to give Lochnerism the measured apprehension that it deserves.
Volume 42 Issue 1 Front Matter
Authors: Sullivan Patrick
Published: May 2024

N/A
El oficio del politólogo. Presentación
Authors: Barrientos del Monte Fernando , Román Marugán Paloma
Published: May 2024

El oficio del politólogo. Presentación
Exploring political topics that connect to antisemitism on Twitter: U.S. midterm Pennsylvania gubernatorial race 2022
Authors: Beacken Gabrielle
Published: May 2024

Online antisemitism rears its head during times of political instability, especially during contentious elections. This paper uses the 2022 Pennsylvania Gubernational governor race as a case study to examine what political topics spur antisemitic expression on Twitter. Both rich political and antisemitism discourses are offered by this election that featured a Jewish Democrat candidate Josh Shapiro and far-right Republican candidate Doug Mastriano. Over 800 tweets were qualitatively analyzed through critical discourse analysis to understand both Shapiro’s political tweets and the antisemitic reply tweets. This study addresses the gap of what online political contexts leads to instances of antisemitism on Twitter during political elections. Grounded in antisemitism and political propaganda literature, this study shows that particularly controversial topics of abortion rights and extremism in politics led to the highest amount of antisemitic expression. Dominantly, Jewish political control conspiracies were used as simple explanations for particularly turbulent political topics.
Changes in the clinical course and prognosis of ulcerative colitis in Chinese populations: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Liu Xinyu , Yang Qingfan , Diao Na , Tang Jian , Huang Zicheng , Gao Xiang , Chao Kang
Published: May 2024

Background/Aims: Data on the natural course of Chinese patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) was lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the natural history and prognosis of patients with UC in the past 15 years in China.Methods: This cohort study included patients with UC in a tertiary hospital in southern China from 2007 to 2021 (cohort I: 2007–2011, cohort II: 2012–2016, cohort III: 2017–2021). Patients’ clinical characteristics and natural history were analyzed retrospectively.Results: Of 1,139 included patients, 683 patients presented with proctitis or left-sided colitis at diagnosis and 38.5% of them (263/683) developed proximal disease extension. Fifty-eight percent of patients experienced relapse, chronic continuous and intermittent active course. Five patients (0.4%) developed colorectal tumors/dysplasia. The overall surgery rate was 8.6%, and the rates were 14.2%, 7.8%, and 8.0% in the 3 cohorts, respectively (P=0.059). Average time from diagnosis to surgery decreased from cohorts I to III (144 months vs. 36 months, P<0.001), so did the use of glucocorticoids (58.2% vs. 43.5%, P<0.001) and immunosuppressants (14.1% vs. 13.4%, P=0.016), and days of hospitalization (13 days vs. 9 days, P<0.001). Biologics were used more frequently during the first year (0.8%, 2.1%, and 13.7% for cohorts I to III, respectively; P<0.001). The rate of mucosal healing increased over time.Conclusions: In Chinese UC patients, one-third of patients experienced proximal disease extension. The rates of malignancy and mortality were low. More biologics were used, while use of immunosuppressants and glucocorticoids were reduced over time. Early biologics use seemed to promote mucosal healing, but the rate of colectomy has not dramatically decreased.
Use of psychoactive substances among students in a Dentistry course in the state of Ceará - DUSI-R instrument
Authors: Benega Douglas Vicente , Moura Mariana Palhano Fernandes , Medeiros José Rômulo de , Silva Bruno Frota Amora , Viana Fernando André Campos
Published: May 2024

Analyzing the pattern of psychoactive substance use by dentistry students at the University of Fortaleza, as well as its relation to family and social aspects and its repercussions on academic performance. The research was conducted at the University of Fortaleza, targeting students regularly enrolled in the current year's dentistry course. The survey was carried out in April and May of 2016, covering all students from the first to the last semester of the course, with a total of 257 participating students. Data collection was conducted using the DUSI-R instrument, applied via Google Drive and remotely. Consumption of nearly all psychoactive substances was observed, although some only in small percentages. The most widespread drugs among the university students were non-prescription painkillers, at 68.3%, and alcohol at 61.4%, followed by marijuana at 7.5%, tobacco at 7.4%, and non-prescription tranquilizers at 6.7%. It was noted that, regarding alcohol consumption, 35.4% reported enjoying games that involve drinking when at parties. In terms of family relationships, 17.3% of the participants reported that their parents/guardians often argue with each other. Concerning academic performance, 18.8% of the participants reported having grades below average. The pattern of illicit drug use was present in the studied sample with direct repercussions on the academic process and possibly related to the family context.
Pengenalan Bangunan Industri Bagi Pelajar Kota Lhokseumawe
Authors: Dela andriani  , Deni  , Hendra  , Masthura Hassan Soraya , Fidyati  , Muliana Erna
Published: May 2024

Bangunan Industri bagi pelajar kota Lhokseumawe khususnya merupakan sosok wujud bangunan yang sulit untuk dijamah keberadaannya. Melalui kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan observasi langsung ke lokasi bangunan industri PT. Pupuk Iskandar Muda Kota Lhokseumawe menjadi suatu yang menarik sebagai moda pemicu membudayakan generasi arsitek dimasa yang akan datang. Profesi akademisi arsitektur merupakan profesi yang memiliki tanggung jawab terhadap pembelajaran dan kualitas hidup manusia dalam menjawab permasalahan ruang dalam menampung aktivitas yang ada, khususnya pada bangunan industri. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, sebagai pendekatan dari pihak akademisi merasa terpanggil untuk mengadakan kegiatan pengenalan bangunan industri pada pelajar setempat sebagai referensi intelktuali arsitektur mereka. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat terbagi dalam dua bagian, pertama yaitu pengenalan wujud fisik bangunan atas ruang-ruang yang tercipta dari aspek ide strukturasi. Kedua, kegiatan pengenalan teknis tentang pemahaman bangunan industri melalui ide pragmatis fungsionalitas ruang arsitektur. Kegiatan pengenalan bangunan industri dilakukan secara argumentatif dan interaktif hanya menyasar ikatan intelektual pelajar, berharap mereka mulai memiliki rasa keingintahuan yang kuat sebagai nilai mental tumbuhnya benih minat mereka dalam bidang Ilmu Arsitektur. Dampak yang diterima dengan adanya pengenalan profesi arsitek pada pelajar Kota Lhokseumawe adalah terlihatnya ketertarikan mereka dalam mengikuti kegiatan dengan fokus, interaktif dan komunikatif dengan harapan bahwa keilmuan arsitektur yang mendapat tempat di pikiran mereka di masa depan.
PENYULUHAN TAMAN TANAMAN OBAT KELUARGA (TOGA) DI PEKARANGAN UPT PUSKESMAS PADANG LAWAS UTARA
Authors: Sumardi Sumardi , Samran Samran , Suprianto Suprianto , Pranata Chandra , Siregar Riwandi
Published: May 2024

Tumbuhan obat tradisional memiliki peran penting dalam penyembuhan penyakit dan pencegahan di masyarakat Indonesia termasuk Kabupaten Padang lawas Utara. Upaya peningkatan peran UPT Puskesmas menjadi kebutuhan dalam suksesi program kesehatan dari pemerintah. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah meningkatkan pemahaman petugas puskesmas tentang jenis, fungsi dan penggunaan tumbuhan obat di pekarangan puskesmas. Metode pengabdian yang digunakan dengan menggali pengetahuan dan informasi dari peserta sebelum  dan setelah kegiatan. Respon dan pengetahuan peserta meningkat baik jenis dan jumlah tumbuhan obat untuk pengobatan ringan dan komplementer. Sejalan dengan program Pemerintah Daerah dalam peningkatan derajad kesehatan masyarakat. Diharapkan kegiatan ini meningkatkan pemahaman dan ketrampilan petugas kesehatan di masing-masing Puskesmas sehingga menjadi kader yang handal dalam penyuluhan kepada masyarakat.
Kunjungan dan Diskusi Mewujudkan Pemanfaatan Teknologi Sistem Kontrol Berbasis IoT Pada Budidaya Jamur Tiram
Authors: WINATA SATRIA ANANDA , Maulana Ilham , Indawan Isnanda , Satria Habib , Dayana Indri , Mungkin Moranain , Fadlan Siregar Muhammad , Maizana Dina , Hermansyah  , Puspita Sari Mega
Published: May 2024

Peluang pasar yang tinggi menyebabkan banyaknya pelaku usaha yang berlomba- lomba dalam menjalankan usahanya. Salah satu upaya pelaku usaha dalam meningkatkan perekonomian adalah dengan berbudidaya jamur tiram. Jamur tiram dapat disebut juga dengan Pleurotus sp, merupakan salah satu tumbuhan yang memiliki nilai tinggi. Hal ini dapat di tinjau dengan adanya pelaku permintaan pasar yang sangat banyak peminat. Pada umumnya jamur tiram banyak dibudidayakan pada daerah dataran tinggi hal ini dikarenakan jamur tiram hanya dapat tumbuh dengan baik dalam suhu <30oC dengan kelembapan 80 – 95%. Hal ini tentu akan menjadi tantangan bagi para pembudidaya jamur tiram yang berlokasikan pada daerah dataran rendah dikarenakan perlunya perawatan yang ekstra dalam merawat baglog jamur agar tidak mengalami kekeringan dan terkena hama penyakit.  kegiatan ini dibuat untuk membantu para pembudidaya jamur tiram dalam mengatasi perubahan suhu yang selalu berubah-ubah pada area kumbung jamur sehingga menghambat perkembangan dari jamur tiram yang penyebabkan kerugian akibat dari gagal panen. Program ini juga mempermudah pekerjaan pelaku usaha dalam proses pengontrolan pertumbuhan dari jamur tiram dengan menggunakan indikator suhu yang tepat dan akurat berbasis IoT yang dapat dimonitoring secara langsung menggunakan android meskipun dalam jarak yang cukup jauh.
Improving Reading Skill For Elementary Class at SD Melbourne School Binjai
Authors: Manik Sondang , Pasaribu Tiara , Rajagukguk Rosdiana , A Sembiring Rony , Pasaribu Donna , Sinambela Erika , Elfrida Rotua , Gea Pinta
Published: May 2024

Community service is one of  the obligation in higher education.  Tridharma of  Higher Education is education, research, and Community service . sometime that students of primary level is not important, but actually Community service for students of primary level is important in English because they are in critical period, its time for the to learn English or other language  (according to Eric Lennenbeg). They need to learn, and do  more practices. In reading comprehension students also learn new vocabulary, when they repeat the sentences they learn speaking. They learn English happily. Writer tried to teach reading comprehension with quiz exercise, the goal  of this  community services is to improve the competence for teachers and students specifically in reading comprehension. In learning reading comprehension students also improve their vocabulary as well as speaking.
Relative uniform convergence of p-absolutely summable sequence of functions
Authors: Debbarma Diksha , Devi Kshetrimayum Renubebeta , Tripathy Binod Chandra
Published: May 2024

In this article we introduce the notion of relative uniform convergence of p-absolutely summable sequence of functions. We have investigated its different properties such as solidness, symmetric, convergence-free, monotonic etc. We have established some inclusion relations involving this sequence space.
$h$-admissible Fourier integral operators with complex phase function
Authors: Senoussaoui Abderrahmane , Farouk Omar
Published: May 2024

e study in this work a particular class of $h$-admissible Fourier integral operators with complex phase function. These operators are bounded on Schwartz space $\mathcal{S}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ and on its dual $\mathcal{S}'(\mathbb{R}^n)$.
Non-torsion element graph of a module over a commutative ring
Authors: Gogoi Partha Protim , Goswami Jituparna
Published: May 2024

Let R be a commutative ring with unity and M be a unitary R-module. Let T(M) be the set of all torsion elements of M and NT(M) = M − T(M) be the set of all non-torsion elements of M. The non-torsion element graph of M over R is an undirected simple graph GNT (M) with NT(M) as vertex set and any two distinct vertices x and y are adjacent if and only if x + y ∈ T(M). In this paper, we study the basic properties of the graph GNT (M). We also study the diameter and girth of GNT (M). Further, we determine the domination number and the bondage number of GNT (M). We establish a relation between diameter and domination number of GNT (M). We also establish a relation between girth and bondage number of GNT (M). We also establish a relation between girth and bondage number of GNT (M).
Neurogeriatria
Authors:   Juliana da Conceição Sampaio Lóss,   Fábio Luíz Fully Teixeira,   Rosalee Santos Crespo Istoe,   Fernanda Castro Manhães
Published: May 2024

A Neurogeriatria emerge como um campo crucial da medicina, especialmente em uma época em que a população mundial está envelhecendo rapidamente. Esse ramo especializado da neurologia concentra-se no estudo, diagnóstico e tratamento das doenças neurológicas que afetam os idosos, oferecendo uma abordagem holística para cuidar da saúde cerebral à medida que envelhecemos. Com o avançar da idade, aumenta-se a incidência de condições como demência, doença de Alzheimer, Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC), doença de Parkinson e outras doenças neurológicas. A Neurogeriatria se concentra em compreender essas condições, diagnosticá-las precocemente e oferecer tratamentos eficazes para melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.