bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morfologia urbana das cidades amazônicas: a experiência do Grupo de Pesquisa Cidades na Amazônia da Universidade Federal do Pará
Authors: Cardoso Ana Claudia Duarte , Lima José Júlio Ferreira , Ponte Juliano Pamplona Ximenes , Ventura Neto Raul da Silva , Rodrigues Roberta Menezes
Published: May 2020

Resumo O artigo apresenta a experiência do Grupo de Pesquisa Cidades na Amazônia, da Universidade Federal do Pará, de aplicação de métodos e técnicas desenvolvidos no âmbito das Escolas de Morfologia Urbana na compreensão e no planejamento das cidades amazônicas. O texto apresenta o contexto de investigação, com base nos antecedentes históricos das ocupações urbana e regional, para caracterizar sobretudo a natureza híbrida da urbanização e da produção da cidade no contexto periférico e de fronteira de exploração de recursos naturais da Amazônia brasileira. Os resultados de pesquisa foram agrupados em blocos de acordo com sua aderência às categorias de análise e princípios metodológicos das principais escolas de morfologia europeias, exemplificando as circunstâncias de difusão e adaptação de categorias histórico-geográficas e tipológicas ao estudo das cidades da Amazônia Oriental. Destacam-se as variações construídas para a caracterização e a análise da forma dessas cidades, tendo em vista o subsídio às políticas públicas e o avanço da pesquisa em morfologia urbana na região Norte do Brasil e em contextos semelhantes no planeta.
EDUCAÇÃO ESPECIAL, PSICOLOGIA E POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS: O DIAGNÓSTICO E AS PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS
Authors: Kranz Cláudia Rosana , Campos Herculano Ricardo
Published: May 2020

RESUMO O artigo visa analisar políticas públicas, práticas diagnósticas e pedagógicas na educação especial, destacando concepções e articulações entre elas, principalmente afetas ao trabalho de psicólogos e professores. Consideram-se aspectos da legislação, no que concerne à educação especial e ao processo diagnóstico, e do trabalho desenvolvido na escola, a partir desses elementos. Baseadas na Psicologia histórico-cultural, nossas reflexões são perpassadas pelo caso de Roberto, aluno do 4º ano, diagnosticado com deficiência intelectual em laudo psicológico, participante de pesquisa cujo objetivo não estava relacionado ao enfoque deste artigo. Aponta-se a predominância da perspectiva clínica nas políticas e nas práticas, assente em concepção individual e biológica da deficiência, para a qual o insucesso é responsabilidade do indivíduo; e também que, a partir dessa perspectiva, as mediações pedagógicas são de baixa qualidade, infantilizadoras, de modo que mais resultam em exclusão e inferiorização do que na aprendizagem e no desenvolvimento do sujeito.
CORREÇÃO DE FLUXO E ESCOLARIZAÇÃO DE ADOLESCENTES: ANÁLISE DE UMA POLÍTICA EDUCACIONAL
Authors: Nascimento Élida Furtado do , Zibetti Marli Lúcia Tonatto
Published: May 2020

RESUMO O trabalho analisa um programa educacional de correção de fluxo, destinado a adolescentes dos anos finais do ensino fundamental desenvolvido pelo Estado do Acre em parceria com a Fundação Roberto Marinho. De abordagem qualitativa, a pesquisa fundamentou-se nos pressupostos da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural. O campo empírico foi o município de Cruzeiro do Sul/Acre e os dados foram produzidos por meio de análise de documentos e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Participaram do estudo sete profissionais: uma coordenadora, duas assessoras e três professoras. O programa possui uma metodologia, que é bastante valorizada pelas profissionais envolvidas, denominada “Telessala”, desenvolvida a partir de vídeos, materiais impressos e professores unidocentes. A concepção de educação que sustenta o projeto compreende o desenvolvimento desvinculado da aprendizagem, desconsiderando a constituição social do psiquismo. Nessa lógica, aprendizagem e desenvolvimento são considerados dependentes do esforço pessoal, contribuindo para a manutenção de preconceitos contra os estudantes com trajetórias marcadas pela negação do direito à aprendizagem.
Dietary intake of tyrosine and phenylalanine, and p-cresyl sulfate plasma levels in non-dialyzed patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Fernandes Andressa Louzada Frauche , Borges Natalia A. , Black Ana Paula , Anjos Juliana dos , Silva Greicielle Santos da , Nakao Lia S. , Mafra Denise
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) present an imbalance of the gut microbiota composition, leading to increased production of uremic toxins like p-cresyl sulfate (PCS), product from bacterial fermentation of the amino acids tyrosine (Tyr) and phenylalanine (Phe) from the diet. Thus, diet may be a determinant in the uremic toxins levels produced by the gut microbiota. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible relationship between Tyr and Phe intake and PCS plasma levels in non-dialysis CKD patients. Methods: Twenty-seven non-dialysis CKD patients (stages 3 and 4) without previous nutritional intervention were evaluated. The dietary intake was evaluated using a 24-hour recall, 3-day food record and protein intake was also estimated by Protein Nitrogen Appearance (PNA). The plasma levels of PCS were measured using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. Results: The evaluated patients (GRF, 34.8 ± 12.4 mL/min, 54.2 ± 14.3 years, BMI, 29.3 ± 6.1 kg/m2) presented mean protein intake of 1.1 ± 0.5 g/kg/day), Tyr of 4.5 ± 2.4 g/day and Phe of 4.6 ± 2.5 g/day. PCS plasma levels (20.4 ± 15.5 mg/L) were elevated and positively associated with both, Tyr (r = 0.58, p = 0.002) and Phe intake (r = 0.53, p = 0.005), even after adjustments for eGFR and age. Conclusion: This study suggests that the diet is an important modulator of the uremic toxins plasma levels produced by the gut microbiota, in non-dialysis CKD patients.
PEQUENA HOMENAGEM A UMA GRANDE SENHORA
Authors: Ortiz Renato
Published: May 2020

Resumo Texto em homenagem a Maria Isaura Pereira de Queiroz. Diferentemente da maioria dos estudos sobre a história da sociologia brasileira, o autor toma a trajetória de Maria Isaura no exterior, principalmente a publicação de seus livros em outros idiomas, para entender determinados aspectos do campo intelectual nacional nas décadas de 1950, 1960 e 1970. Situa ainda a autora, uma mulher excepcional, dentro das relações de gênero da época em que trabalha.
O INSTITUTO DE CIÊNCIAS SOCIAIS E A SOCIOLOGIA NO RIO DE JANEIRO: ENTREVISTA COM ALZIRA ALVES DE ABREU
Authors: Lopes Thiago da Costa
Published: May 2020

Resumo A entrevista com Alzira Alves de Abreu faz parte de uma iniciativa mais ampla, promovida por S&A, de rememorar a história do curso de ciências sociais na Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, que completou 80 anos em 2019. A trajetória de Alzira se entrelaça com momentos significativos por que passaram as ciências sociais no Rio de Janeiro em seus esforços de institucionalização acadêmica e consolidação enquanto campo disciplinar, especialmente com as atividades investigativas conduzidas no interior do Instituto de Ciências Sociais (ICS), centro de pesquisas da antiga Universidade do Brasil (atual UFRJ), criado em 1958. Nesse sentido, seu depoimento, além de constituir fonte importante para o resgate da memória da instituição, fornece pistas sugestivas para os estudiosos interessados em ampliar a compreensão que se tem da história daquelas disciplinas na cidade.
A PERFORMATIVIDADE DA EXCLUSÃO E AS LUTAS POR INCLUSÃO: QUESTÕES DISTRIBUTIVAS A PARTIR DA TEORIA DE SISTEMAS SOCIAIS
Authors: Bachur João Paulo
Published: May 2020

Resumo O artigo oferece uma autorreflexão crítica dentro da teoria de sistemas e examina programaticamente a seguinte questão: como a inclusão e a exclusão podem ser incorporadas a uma teoria do conflito cujo cerne é constituído de questões distributivas. Para tanto, propõe uma reinterpretação teórico-discursiva da forma inclusão/exclusão orientada para o conflito, de acordo com a qual a inclusão e a exclusão poderiam ser descritas como articulações políticas performativas, no sentido das teorias do discurso contemporâneas.
A febre maculosa brasileira e o discurso da mídia impressa: perspectivas de atores envolvidos
Authors: Faria Letícia Bezerra , Rolim Ana Carine Arruda , Donalísio Maria Rita
Published: May 2020

A febre maculosa brasileira (FMB) é uma doença infecciosa com alta letalidade que mobiliza ações de prevenção e controle com grande impacto na opinião pública. A capivara é fundamental na epidemiologia da doença, servindo como dispersora do vetor infectado. Objetiva-se compreender e analisar o discurso da FMB entre representantes da sociedade, circulante em um meio de comunicação impresso do município de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil. Partindo da análise exploratória dos dados e seguindo para a análise do discurso (AD), as discursividades foram observadas. Com diferentes ressonâncias, relacionavam-se aos óbitos pela doença e ao abate das capivaras, com preferência para alguns protagonistas do discurso e apagamento de outros sujeitos. Privilégios para divulgação de notícias parciais e sensacionalistas reforçaram a polarização sobre o tema. Concluiu-se que houve pouca contribuição para uma comunicação em saúde crítica e colaborativa, essencial para a consciência sanitária da população.
NUTRITIONAL STATUS, QUALITY OF LIFE AND LIFE HABITS OF WOMEN WITH IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY
Authors: MENDONÇA Ana Paula Monteiro de , YAMASHITA Luciana Miyuki , SILVA Esther Dantas , SOLAR Isabela , SANTOS Larissa Ariel Oliveira , VASQUES Ana Carolina Junqueira
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome is a functional and chronic gastrointestinal disorder that may cause abdominal pain and altered bowel habits, affecting the nutritional status and quality of life of its carriers. Its prevalence is high, affecting about 10% to 15% of the general population in developed countries, being more prevalent in women than in men in the proportion 2:1. OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to compare the profile of body adiposity, life habits, and the quality of life of women with irritable bowel syndrome with a healthy control group. METHODS: Case-control study on 70 women, 34 with irritable bowel syndrome and 36 healthy. We applied the “Irritable Bowel Syndrome Quality of Life Questionnaire”to assess quality of life. Body adiposity was assessed from body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio. We investigated the self-reporting of gastrointestinal symptoms with food deemed as problematic for carriers of irritable bowel syndrome and the presence of typical comorbidities. Assessment of life habits included: practice of physical activities, alcoholism, smoking, daytime sleepiness, and exclusion of foods from the feeding routine. For statistical analysis we used the IBM SPSS program, with a significance level at 5%. RESULTS: There was higher volume of central and general adiposity in the case group compared with the control group (P<0.05). Cases presented a higher chance of developing IBS-related comorbidities (P<0.05). About of 80% of patients with irritable bowel syndrome have excluded some food from the diet (P<0.01) and the total amount of troublesome foods varied from 7 to 21 (P<0.01). The case group featured worse quality of life compared with the control (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Compared to the control group, women with irritable bowel syndrome showed greater body adiposity, higher frequency of comorbidities, greater restriction on the consumption of problematic foods and worse quality of life.
"TUPI, OR NOT TUPI THAT IS THE QUESTION": PERSPECTIVISMO AMERÍNDIO E ESTUDOS ORGANIZACIONAIS
Authors: WANDERLEY SERGIO EDUARDO DE PINHO VELHO , BAUER ANA PAULA MEDEIROS
Published: May 2020

RESUMO Esse ensaio discorre sobre as possibilidades que o conceito de perspectivismo ameríndio de Viveiros de Castro oferece aos Estudos Organizacionais. O "Manifesto antropófago" de Oswald de Andrade é o fio condutor de nossa investigação. O perspectivismo ameríndio sugere um deslocamento reflexivo para a posição ocupada pelo objeto de investigação que, assim, se torna o sujeito a partir do qual devemos questionar nossas próprias premissas. O que importa saber é como nosso sujeito/ex-objeto percebe nossas categorias/conceitos criadas para descrevê-lo. Para Viveiros de Castro, o deslocamento reflexivo deve ocorrer considerado-se uma equivocidade intencional. Portanto, devemos refletir sobre as consequências que nossas escolhas ontoepistemológicas terão sobre nossa pesquisa a partir do ponto de vista do Outro. Os conceitos de deslocamento reflexivo e equivocidade intencional têm muito a contribuir com a construção do Outro em EOR e com o conceito de border thinking nos estudos decolonais.
Deficiência visual: caminhos legais e teóricos da escola inclusiva
Authors: Garcia Fabiane Maia , Braz Aissa Thamy Alencar Mendes
Published: May 2020

Resumo O artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa sobre a cegueira e a baixa visão no contexto da democratização do acesso e permanência escolar. Parte dos aspectos históricos e legais, que marcam os caminhos da política pública da área, a partir do mote da análise da cegueira, com foco na acessibilidade, pois as categorias da deficiência visual e outras questões da inclusão demandam especificidades que, no momento, não aprofundamos. Por ser uma pesquisa exploratória, os resultados partem de uma densa pesquisa bibliográfica em livros e artigos que contribuíram para a compreensão em torno da temática. Desse modo, identificaram-se as demandas formais e legais que existem para garantir o acesso e a permanência nas escolas, assim como as condições estruturais necessárias para esse atendimento, com um quadro de sua legislação básica. O estudo também reúne algumas informações da Secretaria de Educação Municipal de Manaus, que iniciou a partir de 2017 um mapeamento da estrutura escolar voltada para a acessibilidade. Os dados catalogados da estrutura física existente nas escolas, e disponibilizados pelo setor de engenharia da Secretaria, evidenciam a complexidade em torno das questões teóricas e práticas no contexto democrático que supõe a substituição da concepção de escola exclusiva para o de escola inclusiva, em relação ao atendimento do aluno com deficiência visual.
Coffee protein profiles during fermentation using different yeast inoculation methods
Authors: Bressani Ana Paula Pereira , Martinez Silvia Juliana , Vilela Leonardo de Figueiredo , Dias Disney Ribeiro , Schwan Rosane Freitas
Published: May 2020

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the protein profiles of natural and semidry fermented Coffea arabica, either subjected to treatments with different yeast inoculation methods with starter culture or to an uninoculated control. Saccharomyces cerevisiae CCMA 0543 and Candida parapsilosis CCMA 0544 were separately inoculated into coffee by directly spraying the cherries on a terrace or in buckets, for 16 hours before sun drying. Protein quantification showed a significant difference between the protein profiles of the samples collected after natural dry fermentation. The MALDI-TOF MS analysis generated a list of 96 peaks with different mass-to-charge ratios (m/z) in the samples collected at the beginning and the end of fermentation. The highest number of peaks in the natural dry coffee was observed at the end of fermentation in the samples inoculated with S. cerevisiae CCMA 0543, in bucket, and in C. parapsilosis CCMA 0544 sprayed on the terrace. However, in the semidry processed coffee, the highest number of peaks was observed in the initial fermentation, with a decrease in the peptide peaks after fermentation. The fermentation with different microorganisms, processing types, and inoculation methods affects m/z profiles, influencing the types of proteins found in coffee.
INFLUENCE OF THE MISDEF ALGORITHM ON THE THERAPEUTIC DECISION FOR VERTEBRAL DEFORMITY IN THE ADULT
Authors: RAMOS GUILHERME ZANDAVALLI , VIALLE EMILIANO , PINTO RAFAEL LUIZ , MENEZES CRISTIANO , GUSMÃO MAURÍCIO SANTOS , MASANÉS NICOLAS GONZÁLEZ , FALAVIGNA ASDRUBAL , JACOB JUNIOR CHÁRBEL , VIALLE LUIZ ROBERTO , FERREIRA RAMON , HOLTMAN GUILHERMO
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT Objective The therapeutic decision in cases of adult spinal deformity takes numerous factors into account with a consequent variability in treatment options. The objective is to compare the impact of the MISDEF (minimally invasive spine deformity) algorithm on therapeutic decisions in cases of adult spinal deformity. Methods Prospective radiographic analysis of 40 cases of adult deformity. The cases were sent, in two steps, to 20 Latin American surgeons who had to choose among six treatment options with and without the use of the MISDEF. Results For the conducts of decompression, decompression and short fusion, decompression and fusion with interbody device, and osteotomy with extension of fusion to the thoracic spine, no significant differences were found when comparing decisions made with and without MISDEF. For osteotomy, we observed a tendency for the number of surgeons choosing this conduct to increase when the decision is made with MISDEF. We observed that the number of surgeons who decided on conservative treatment decreased with the use of MISDEF (p <0.001). In cases with sagittal vertical axis <6 cm or pelvic tilt <25 ° or PI-LL (pelvic incidence minus lumbar lordosis) <10 ° or coronal curve <20 °, there was a decrease in the conservative treatment option and an increase in osteotomy with proximal extension of the fusion with the use of MISDEF. Conclusions There is a tendency to increase indications of osteotomy and decrease the conservative treatment option when making a decision with MISDEF. The use of the algorithm showed no significant impact on the therapeutic decision in severe cases of adult deformity. Level of Evidence II; Prospective comparative radiographic analysis.
TORACOLOMBAR BURST FRACTURES AND SPINOPELVIC BALANCE
Authors: COSTA DANIEL , AVANZI OSMAR , CAFFARO MARIA FERNANDA SILBER , GOTFRYD ALBERTO , ASTUR NELSON , MENDONÇA RODRIGO GOES MEDÉA DE , MIOTTO LUCAS , KAWAKAMI NATHALIA , MEVES ROBERT
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT Objective To describe the spinopelvic parameters in patients with conservatively treated thoracolumbar burst fractures. Methods Twenty-six patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures treated conservatively between 2008 and 2017 participated in the study. Inclusion criteria were acute burst-type fractures, located between T11 and L2, which compromised a single vertebral segment, did not present a neurological deficit, and had a minimum of 6 months of follow-up, excluding injuries that presented distraction or rotation, pathological fractures, and surgically treated cases. The sagittal and spinopelvic alignment parameters, including vertical sagittal axis, sacral slope, pelvic tilt, pelvic incidence, lumbar lordosis, and regional kyphosis, were analyzed. Results The values obtained for the sample showed that there was an increase in regional kyphosis and that the mean sagittal parameters and lumbar lordosis were within the values considered normal in the literature. Conclusion Patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures treated conservatively had no alterations in the spinopelvic parameters. Level of Evidence II; Retrospective study.
Occurrence of Caligus asperimanus Pearse, 1951 (Copepoda: Caligidae) parasitic Lutjanus spp. (Perciformes: Lutjanidae) in the western South Atlantic
Authors: Oliveira Bruno De Laquila , Fernandes Luiz Fernando Loureiro , Rocha Gustavo Martins , Malanski Ana Cecilia Gomes Silva , Paschoal Fabiano
Published: May 2020

Abstract Sea lice are widespread copepods in marine teleost around the world. In this paper the first record of Caligus asperimanus Pearse, 1951 in the Western South Atlantic is documented parasitizing Lutjanus jocu and Lutjanus vivanus caught from coastal zones of Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro State, respectively.
Argulus elongatus (Branchiura, Argulidae) in fish in the upper São Francisco river, Brazil
Authors: Duarte Rayane , Almeida-Berto Maria de Fátima Cancella de , Calvario Caroline Ferreira , Santos-Clapp Michelle Daniele dos , Brasil-Sato Marilia de Carvalho
Published: May 2020

Abstract Among 164 fish from the upper São Francisco river, caught in the Três Marias reservoir (18º 12’ 59” S; 45º 17’ 34” W) or downstream from this reservoir (18º 12’ 32” S; 45º 15’ 41” W) in 2007, 2008, 2016 and 2017, four specimens of Argulus elongatus Heller, 1857 were found, one specimen per fish, in the following host species: Brycon orthotaenia Günther (two fish parasitized out of 38 examined) and Salminus hilarii Valenciennes (one fish parasitized out of 45 examined) (both in Bryconidae); and Metynnis lippincottianus (Cope) (one fish parasitized out of 81 examined) (Serrasalmidae). This opportunistic ectoparasite deserves attention even in the case of low infestation in fish in a natural water system. This is the first record of a branchiuran species in B.orthotaenia; the host list of A.elongatus is extended through addition of the three fish species examined in this study, and the known Brazilian geographical distribution of this argulid is enlarged to the São Francisco river basin.
High seroprevalence and associated factors for visceral leishmaniasis in dogs in a transmission area of Paraíba state, Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Bernardino Maria das Graças da Silva , Angelo Débora Ferreira do Santos , Silva Raizza Barros Sousa , Silva Edijanio Galdino da , Silva Laysa Freire Franco e , Vaz Antônio Fernando de Melo , Melo Marcia Almeida de , Santos Carolina de Sousa Américo Batista , Alves Clebert José , Azevedo Sérgio Santos de
Published: May 2020

Abstract Dogs have been implicated as main reservoirs for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in urban areas. Therefore, studies on this species provide important data for public health. Thus, the objective of the present study was to ascertain the seroprevalence of canine VL (CVL) and the associated factors in the Brejo Paraibano microregion, northeastern Brazil. A total of 409 dogs were sampled from the eight municipalities of the microregion: Alagoa Grande, Alagoa Nova, Areia, Bananeiras, Borborema, Matinhas, Pilões and Serraria. The diagnosis of CVL was made using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA S7®), through which the prevalence observed was 29.3%. By robust Poisson regression analysis two factors were associated with seroprevalence: illiterate/incomplete elementary owner’s education level (prevalence ratio = 1.57; 95% CI = 1.05–2.34; p-value = 0.027) and tick infestation (prevalence ratio = 1.82; 95% CI = 1.27–2.61; p-value = 0.001). It is concluded that the seroprevalence of CVL in the Brejo Paraibano microregion is high. The factors associated with seroprevalence indicated the importance to develop socioeducational actions on the population, and the finding that tick infestation was associated with seroprevalence shows that there is a need for investigation regarding the role of ticks in the epidemiology of CVL.
First report of Anisakis sp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) parasitizing Muscovy duck in Marajó Island, state of Pará, Brazil
Authors: Carvalho Elaine Lopes de , Santana Ricardo Luis Sousa , Gonçalves Evonnildo Costa , Pinheiro Raul Henrique da Silva , Giese Elane Guerreiro
Published: May 2020

Abstract Among the avian used for human consumption, the Muscovy duck is well adapted to various climatic conditions and its breeding is widespread due to its easy handling, and its meat is widely consumed and appreciated, especially in the cuisine of northern Brazil. The present study aimed to report and identify taxonomically the nematodes found in the esophagus of Muscovy ducks reared and marketed in the municipality of Soure, Marajó Island, state of Pará, Brazil, and discuss its zoonotic potential to human. The samples consisted of 30 specimens of Cairina moschata domestica analyzed. A total of 258 nematodes were recovered, which were strongly fixed in the esophageal mucosa of hosts. The morphological and morphometric characteristics were compatible with Anisakis third-stage larvae.
Hepatozoon pyramidumi sp. n. (Apicomplexa: Adeleorina) from the blood of Echis pyramidum: morphology and SSU rDNA sequence
Authors: Mansour Lamjed , Abdel-Haleem Heba Mohamed , Al-Malki Esam Sharf , Al-Quraishy Saleh , Abdel-Baki Abdel-Azeem Shaban
Published: May 2020

Abstract Hepatozoon pyramidumi sp. n. is described from the blood of the Egyptian saw-scaled viper, Echis pyramidum, captured from Saudi Arabia. Five out of ten viper specimens examined (50%) were found infected with Hepatozoon pyramidumi sp. n. with parasitaemia level ranged from 20-30%. The infection was restricted only to the erythrocytes. Two morphologically different forms of intraerythrocytic stages were observed; small and mature gamonts. The small ganomt with average size of 10.7 × 3.5 μm. Mature gamont was sausage-shaped with recurved poles measuring 16.3 × 4.2 μm in average size. Infected erythrocytes were hypertrophied; their nuclei were deformed and sometimes displaced from their central position in the normal uninfected cell. Merogonic stages were observed in the lung endothelial cell and the liver parenchyma cells. Mature meront was 17.8 × 13.6 µm and contained banana-shaped merozoites with average size of ~15 × 2 µm. Phylogenetic analysis based on the SSU rDNA sequence clustered Hepatozoon pyramidumi sp. n with previously sequenced Hepatozoon spp., most of them infected reptilian hosts without geographic consideration. The morphological and molecular comparison with closely related species proved the taxonomic uniqueness and novelty of the present form.
Trichostrongylus colubriformis infection in Santa Inês lambs: impact on feed digestibility, blood markers, and nitrogen balance
Authors: Dias-Silva Tairon Pannunzio , Abdalla Filho Adibe Luiz , Katiki Luciana Morita , Amarante Alessandro Francisco Talamini do , Abdalla Adibe Luiz , Louvandini Helder
Published: May 2020

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Trichostrongylus colubriformis infection on the hemato-biochemical parameters, feed digestibility, and nitrogen balance in Santa Inês lambs. Eighteen three-month-old Santa Ines castrated male lambs (16.9 ± 1.43 kg of body weight) were randomly distributed in two experimental treatments: infected with T. colubriformis (I, n = 9) and uninfected (U, n = 9). The I group received a total of 45,000 L3 larvae of T. colubriformis (5,000 infective larvae, three times per week, for three weeks). During the experimental period, blood, feed digestibility, and nitrogen balance were evaluated. The I lambs showed a reduction in erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, and total proteins, as well as an increase in platelets and eosinophils compared to those in the U group (p < 0.05). With the exception of total protein content, these values were within the normal range for the species. Furthermore, lower dry matter and organic matter digestibility were observed in the I lambs (p = 0.08). The present findings highlight that T. colubriformis infection has the potential to impair some hemato-biochemical parameters as well as feed digestibility in lambs, which could affect their productivity.
Complex reinforcement potential of inorganic nanoparticles in bitumen
Authors: Gholampour Mahdi , Nazari Hossein , Naderi Koorosh , Nejad Fereidoon Moghadas
Published: May 2020

Although the modification of bitumen using nanoparticles has become popular in research studies recently, the degree of modification they provide is still debatable. This paper discusses the effects of three nanoparticles (silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide and calcium carbonate) on the physical properties and rheological behaviour of bitumen. The microstructural properties were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the physical properties were assessed through penetration, softening point and ductility tests. A dynamic shear rheometer was used to investigate the rheological properties of the bitumen, and the results were analysed through the 2S2P1D master curve model and complex reinforcement coefficient RM*. The results of XRD indicated substantial changes in the bitumen structure after adding the nanoparticles. The results showed that the physical properties and rheological behaviour of bitumen were significantly altered by adding the nanosilica to bitumen. However, using the same amount of titanium dioxide and calcium carbonate as additives was less effective than the use of nanosilica. It was also found that the 2S2P1D model and complex reinforcement coefficient RM*were very practical for satisfactory modelling and comparing the rheological properties of nanoparticle-modified binders.
Early Predictors of Arteriovenous Fistula Maturation: A Novel Perspective on an Enduring Problem
Authors: Farrington Crystal A. , Robbin Michelle L. , Lee Timmy , Barker-Finkel Jill , Allon Michael
Published: May 2020

Significance Statement

As currently used, preoperative ultrasound mapping for vascular access planning has not improved arteriovenous fistula (AVF) maturation rates. In their retrospective analysis involving 300 patients receiving a new AVF, the authors found that preoperative vascular diameter demonstrated a linear association with AVF maturation and did not correspond to a single threshold value. They also found that the preoperative arterial diameter, not venous diameter as generally believed, was the most significant predictor of AVF maturation. In addition, two previously unidentified factors, systolic BP and left ventricular ejection fraction, predicted unassisted AVF maturation. These findings suggest that a greater emphasis on the preoperative arterial diameter as a continuous variable, as well as consideration of the patient’s baseline systolic BP and cardiac function, may improve AVF maturation rates.

Background

Preoperative ultrasound mapping is routinely used to select vessels meeting minimal threshold diameters for surgical arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation but fails to improve AVF maturation rates. This suggests a need to reassess the preoperative ultrasound criteria used to optimize AVF maturation.

Methods

We retrospectively identified 300 catheter-dependent patients on hemodialysis with a new AVF created between 2010 and 2016. We then evaluated the associations of preoperative vascular measurements and hemodynamic factors with unassisted AVF maturation (successful use for dialysis without prior intervention) and overall maturation (successful use with or without prior intervention). Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify preoperative factors associated with unassisted and overall AVF maturation.

Results

Unassisted AVF maturation associated with preoperative arterial diameter (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.50 per 1-mm increase; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.23 to 1.83), preoperative systolic BP (aOR, 1.16 per 10-mm Hg increase; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.28), and left ventricular ejection fraction (aOR, 1.07 per 5% increase; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.13). Overall AVF maturation associated with preoperative arterial diameter (aOR, 1.36 per 1-mm increase; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.66) and preoperative systolic BP (aOR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.30). Using receiver operating curves, the combination of preoperative arterial diameter, systolic BP, and left ventricular ejection fraction was fairly predictive of unassisted maturation (area under the curve, 0.69). Patient age, sex, race, diabetes, vascular disease, obesity, and AVF location were not associated with maturation.

Conclusions

Preoperative arterial diameter may be an under-recognized predictor of AVF maturation. Further study evaluating the effect of preoperative arterial diameter and other hemodynamic factors on AVF maturation is needed.
SARS-CoV-2 Tailed Amplicon Illumina Sequencing v1
Authors: Gohl Daryl
Published: May 2020

This protocol outlines how to process RNA for SARS-CoV-2 sequencing using tailed primers to generate tiled amplicons using the method described here: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.11.088724v1. Best results are obtained for samples with N1 and N2 Ct values of <30 (based on the UMGC/MDL implementation of the CDC qRT-PCR diagnostic assay for SARS-CoV-2, see here: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.02.022186v1.full). For samples with N1 and N2 values between 30 and ~35, coverage and other sequencing metrics may be more variable and increased adapter dimer formation is expected.
Protein-coding gene annotation for the eastern banjo frog genome assembly v3
Authors: Li Qiye , Guo Qunfei , Zhou Yang , Tan Huishuang , Bertozzi Terry , Zhu Yuanzhen , Li Ji , Donnellan Stephen , Zhang Guojie
Published: May 2020

We first used homology-based and de novo predictions to build gene models for the Limnodynastes dumerilii dumerilii genome assembly. Then, we searched theLimnodynastes dumerilii dumerilii proteins against public databases to perform functional annotation.
SPARC_Bolser_intrathoracic vagotomy and cough v1
Authors: Bolser Donald
Published: May 2020

Cervical vagotomy sections both lower airway and recurrent laryngeal afferent fibers and eliminates cough induced by stimulation of sensory afferents in the lower trachea and intrathoracic airways. In the guinea pig, recurrent laryngeal afferent fibers are primarily responsible for cough in response to mechanical or chemical stimulation of the upper trachea and larynx. Further, it has been proposed that lower airway slowly adapting receptors have a permissive effect on the cough reflex. The objective of this study was to determine the role of lower airway vagal afferent fibers on the cough reflex in the cat. We hypothesized that cough induced by mechanical or chemical stimuli applied to the lower airways or the larynx of this species would be depressed after vagotomy below the branch of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Experiments were conducted in four anesthetized, bilaterally thoracotomized, and artificially ventilated cats. Artificial ventilation was accomplished via a tracheal cannula placed through an incision in the tenth trachea ring. Mechanical (via a flexible cannula through a small port in the trachea tube) or chemical (capsaicin, 0.5 cc, 10 µM) stimulation of the intrathoracic airway was employed during mechanical ventilation. Thoracic vagotomy virtually eliminated the cough response to mechanical stimulation of the lower airways. The cough response to mechanical stimulation of the larynx was also depressed after thoracic vagotomy. Capsaicin introduced into the intrathoracic trachea only elicited cough in two animals but this response was eliminated in both animals by thoracic vagotomy. The results support an important role of lower airway sensory feedback in the production of cough in the anesthetized cat. Further, in the presence of intact recurrent laryngeal nerves, the excitability of cough induced from the larynx is strongly influenced by sensory feedback from the lower airways.
Tris Buffered Saline (TNT) v2
Authors: Institute for Brain Science Allen
Published: May 2020

This protocol is used to prepare Tris Buffered Saline (TNT). 10X TNT is the stock solution used to prepare 1X TNT, which equilibrates tissue and maintains pH in physiological range. Note: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute Of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U19MH114830. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
DAB Solutions v6
Authors: Institute for Brain Science Allen
Published: May 2020

3, 3´ Diaminobenzidine (DAB) is a commonly used chromogen for histological staining. In the presence of peroxidase enzyme, DAB produces a brown precipitate that is insoluble in alcohol and xylene. Peroxidase catalyzes hydrogen peroxide oxidation of substrate DAB. This SOP provides instructions to prepare four different formulations of DAB. DAB for Immunohistochemical staining (IHC), DAB for Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Staining, Nickel Enchanced DAB for Biocytin staining, and DAB for Biocytin staining. Note: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute Of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U19MH114830. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
“School Strike 4 Climate”: Social Media and the International Youth Protest on Climate Change
Authors: Boulianne Shelley , Lalancette Mireille , Ilkiw David
Published: May 2020

Beginning in 2018, youth across the globe participated in protest activities aimed at encouraging government action on climate change. This activism was initiated and led by Swedish teenager, Greta Thunberg. Like other contemporary movements, the School Strike 4 Climate used social media. For this article, we use Twitter trace data to examine the global dynamics of the student strike on March 15, 2019. We offer a nuanced analysis of 993 tweets, employing a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis. Like other movements, the primary function of these tweets was to share information, but we highlight a unique type of information shared in these tweets—documentation of local events across the globe. We also examine opinions shared about youth, the tactic (protest/strike), and climate change, as well as the assignment of blame on government and other institutions for their inaction and compliance in the climate crisis. This global climate strike reflects a trend in international protest events, which are connected through social media and other digital media tools. More broadly, it allows us to rethink how social media platforms are transforming political engagement by offering actors—especially the younger generation—agency through the ability to voice their concerns to a global audience.
Absolute Location of 2019 Ridgecrest Seismicity Reveals a Shallow Mw 7.1 Hypocenter, Migrating and Pulsing Mw 7.1 Foreshocks, and Duplex Mw 6.4 Ruptures
Authors: Lomax Anthony
Published: May 2020

The 2019 Ridgecrest, California, sequence includes an Mw 6.4 earthquake on 4 July and an Mw 7.1 mainshock 34 hr later. We perform absolute location of Mw≥1.0 Ridgecrest events using multiple velocity models, station corrections, and a location algorithm robust to velocity model and arrival-time error. The obtained seismicity is mainly ∼3–12  km deep, with few shallower events. The Mw 6.4 hypocenter is ∼12  km deep, compatible with hypocentral depths of most Mw≥6 earthquakes in southern California. The Mw 7.1 hypocenter, however, is unusually shallow at ∼4  km. The immediate post-Mw 6.4 seismicity defines a deep, ∼12  km long, southeast–northwest structure containing the Mw 6.4 hypocenter and a shallower, orthogonal, ∼18  km  long northeast–southwest structure. These structures have little or no intersection, making the Mw 6.4 event a double earthquake, rupturing first the deeper and then the shallower structure. The ensuing, pre-Mw 7.1 seismicity extends the southeast–northwest structure northwestwards to within ∼3  km of the future Mw 7.1 hypocenter and illuminates a new crossing structure, whereas small clusters of events within 2 km of the future Mw 7.1 hypocenter activate 3–4 times in pulses from a few hours after the Mw 6.4 event through Mw 7.1 initiation. This pre-Mw 7.1 seismicity suggests Mw 7.1 rupture initiation activated as an event in the pulsing clusters, and early Mw 7.1 rupture growth was primed by stress changes from the Mw 6.4 rupture and its aftershocks. Moreover, shallow Mw 7.1 nucleation, for which spontaneous rupture growth into a large earthquake is not expected, may have required this incitation by the Mw 6.4 events, a significant complication for hazard estimation. Otherwise, Mw 7.1-like rupture might not have occurred until much later, perhaps with nucleation at greater depth. The Ridgecrest seismicity defines additional structures around and crossing the main Mw 6.4 and 7.1 rupture zones, but some of this seismicity likely shows delayed activity on pre-existing faults due to stress changes from the main events and not rupture complexity during the larger events.
The Delisting of a Company from the Warsaw Stock Exchange as a Result of the Cancellation of the Dematerialisation of Shares – Tender Offer Price vs. IPO Price
Authors: Frydrych Sylwia
Published: May 2020

Theoretical background: The growth in the number of companies delisted from the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE), as a result of the cancellation of the dematerialisation of shares, has become a reason for considerations regarding the share price in tender offers addressed to shareholders who have held company securities since the Initial Public Offering (IPO).

Purpose of the article: The goal of this study was to evaluate whether the price in tender offers of the shares of companies which had finally been excluded from trading on the WSE as a result of the cancellation of the dematerialisation of shares would ensure a positive rate of return for shareholders who have held the shares since this company’s debut on the regulated market of the WSE.

Research methods: Public tender offers, announced between 2012 and 2018 on the regulated market of the WSE have been analysed. The analysis covered prices of shares of new listings on the WSE and share prices in the tender offers of 213 companies, out of which 55 companies have been excluded from trading on the regulated market of the WSE as a result of the cancellation of the dematerialisation of shares.

Main findings: The results of the research indicate that more than a half of the shareholders who have held the securities of companies in their portfolio since their debut, have suffered losses after companies have been excluded from trading on the WSE as a result of the cancellation of the dematerialisation of shares. Only 11% of the examined companies have generated more than double profit for investors compared with the issue price during their IPO. This research is one of the few studies on the Polish stock market to the best of the author’s knowledge.
Pacjent jako obywatel. Autonomia pacjenta i obywatelskość na przykładzie Hiszpanii
Authors: Strządała Agata
Published: May 2020

Tekst dotyczy przemian pojmowania autonomii pacjenta w Hiszpanii, gdzie tradycyjnie w relacjach między lekarzem a pacjentem dominował paternalizm, a w sferze ideologicznej – nauczanie Kościoła katolickiego. Transformacja ustrojowa w kraju po upadku dyktatury Francisco Franco (1936–1975) doprowadziła do znaczących przeobrażeń również w kwestii bioetyki. Rosnące poczucie obywatelskości łączyło się tam ze wzrastaniem znaczenia autonomii pacjenta, co przejawia się na kilku poziomach: legislacyjnym (prawo o autonomii pacjenta), społecznym (organizacje pozarządowe aktywne w sferze opieki medycznej), świadomościowym (wzrost świadomości praw pacjenta, refleksyjne podejście do relacji z personelem medycznym), a także ideologicznym (krytyka paternalizmu, bioetyka obywatelska, krytyka komercjalizacji medycyny). Ponadto, o specyfice obecnej sytuacji w Hiszpanii decyduje przewartościowanie katolickiego dziedzictwa, odejście od nauczania Kościoła w obywatelskim modelu bioetyki, manifestujące się liberalizacją prawa aborcyjnego, prawa dotyczącego wspomaganej reprodukcji, preimplantacyjnej diagnostyki genetycznej i badań na embrionach.
Women in the Spanish philosophy
Authors: Nogueroles Marta
Published: May 2020

W artykule chcę pokazać nie tylko jak hiszpańskie filozofki nie tylko odzyskują pozycję w historii filozofii, której to pozbawił je patriarchat, lecz także że coraz więcej kobiet zajmuje odpowiedzialne stanowiska w różnych instytucjach. Tezom tym towarzyszą postulaty, by dokładniej zbadać i upublicznić myśl filozoficzną tworzoną przez kobiety, by przyszłe pokolenia młodych myślicieli nie były pozbawione możliwości odniesienia się do koncepcji feministycznych.
Truth and freedom as the axiological foundations of practicing science at the Lvov-Warsaw School
Authors: Zegzuła-Nowak Joanna
Published: May 2020

 

Artykuł prezentuje wkład reprezentantów szkoły lwowsko-warszawskiej dotyczący określenia aksjologicznego wymiaru nauki. W krzewieniu kultury filozoficznej oraz wskazywaniu trwałych fundamentów aksjologicznych pokładali oni nadzieje na rozbudzenie w społeczeństwie patriotyzmu oraz poczucia wspólnoty narodowej. Twierdzili też, że jeśli nauka ma służyć ludzkości, to nie może rozwijać się w sposób nieograniczony i niekontrolowany. Stąd obok określenia dyrektyw merytoryczno-metodologicznych, ważne było dla nich także określenie aksjologicznych ram uprawiania nauki, które miałyby strzec jej przed czynnikami ją deprecjonującymi i wyznaczać dlań słuszne cele. Nie mieli zatem wątpliwości, że w nauce powinny urzeczywistniać się wartości.

W nauce o mocnych i jasno określonych fundamentach aksjologicznych upatrywali oni zatem, nie tylko drogi zmierzającej do poprawy życia ludzkiego, ale także wewnętrznego rozwoju człowieka. Misją uczonego zatem powinna być wierność określonym wartościom, przede wszystkim prawdzie i wolności, nadającym działalności naukowej status doniosłej i zarazem autonomicznej sfery aktywności ludzkiej.
Specyfika działalności przedszkoli i szkół katolickich na Warmii i Mazurach po 1945 roku
Authors: Zakrzewska Aldona Marta
Published: May 2020

Podjęte rozważania odnoszą się do katolickich placówek edukacyjnych funkcjonujących na Warmii i Mazurach od zakończenia II wojny światowej do roku szkolnego 2016/2017 włącznie (bez wkraczania w zmiany struktury systemu oświaty związane z aktualnie wprowadzaną reformą szkolną, opartą na ustawie z dnia 14 grudnia 2016 roku – Prawo oświatowe). Ograniczono się do działania przedszkoli oraz szkół dla dzieci i młodzieży. Pierwsza część artykułu stanowi wprowadzenie w tematykę i dotyczy oświaty katolickiej Warmii i Mazur do 1945 roku – z wyjaśnieniem specyfiki kształtowania się na tych terenach szkolnictwa kościelnego. Druga i trzecia część rozważań obejmuje natomiast istotę przedstawionego w tytule zagadnienia. Najpierw przedstawiono stan tych placówek w czasach Polskiej Rzeczpospolitej Ludowej, które na omawianym terenie podlegały niszczeniu, tak jak w całym kraju. Następnie scharakteryzowano odradzanie się i rozwój edukacyjnych instytucji katolickich w regionie warmińsko-mazurskim w latach 1989–2017 – co rozpoczęło się wraz z powołaniem do życia Archidiecezjalnego Przedszkola w Olsztynie (1989). Analiza dokumentów archiwalnych oraz opracowań dotyczących funkcjonowania przedszkoli i szkół katolickich na Warmii i Mazurach wskazuje, że w latach 1945–1989 niniejsze placówki krzewiły w tym regionie wiarę oraz wolność słowa i przekonań w obliczu panującego reżimu komunistycznego, natomiast we współczesnej rzeczywistości społecznej – przepełnionej relatywizmem – stanowiły jedno z edukacyjnych ogniw wychowania do wartości.
Lubelskie szkolnictwo powszechne w latach 1918-1939 w świetle wymogów sanitarno-higienicznych
Authors: Majchrzyk-Mikuła Joanna
Published: May 2020

Polska w momencie odzyskania niepodległości stanęła przed wyzwaniem nie tylko zorganizowania od strony formalnej państwa, ale przede wszystkim otoczenia opieką najmłodszych i stworzenia im dogodnych warunków do życia, w tym i do nauki. Wielu higienistów uważało, z czym należy się niewątpliwie zgodzić, że przyczyną wielu schorzeń uczniów był zarówno brak odpowiednich budynków szkolnych spełniających podstawowe wymagania sanitarne, jak i zapewniających bezpieczeństwo i odpowiednią higienę nauczania. Zatem samo wprowadzenie obowiązku szkolnego oraz reform dotyczących programów i struktury szkolnictwa nie dawało podstaw, by sądzić, że został rozwiązany problem polskiej oświaty. Miernikiem jej stanu i warunkiem rozwoju była baza lokalowa oraz budynki szkolne. Niestety brak odpowiednio przygotowanej infrastruktury dało się odczuć w całej Polsce. Analiza źródeł oraz literatury przedmiotu pozwoliła w niniejszym artykule na ukazanie sytuacji szkolnictwa powszechnego na Lubelszczyźnie w niepodległej Polsce. Artykuł traktuje o stanie infrastruktury placówek, a zwłaszcza ich sytuacji materialnej, która miała wpływ na warunki, w jakich uczyła się młodzież. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na kształtowanie się sieci szkół powszechnych oraz zaprezentowano problemy dotyczące budowy nowych obiektów szkolnych, a zwłaszcza wytycznych w sprawie warunków technicznych i wyposażenia szkół w odpowiednie sprzęty, które zapewnić miały uczniom prawidłowe warunki higieniczne w szkołach.