bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Volvulus of gall bladder: case report
Authors: Kumar Rajneesh , Hastir Ankur , Walia Ramandeep Singh , Goyal Subhash
Published: October 2017

Gall bladder volvulus or twisting is a rare condition and occurs due to rotation of gall bladder. Preoperative diagnosis is exception and usually misdiagnosed as cholecystitis before surgery. It is potentially fatal condition unless diagnosed and treated early leading to gangrene and biliary peritonitis. It has been reported in only about 500 cases in the literature ranging in age given 2-100 years old. We report a rare case of middle aged female 56 years old with volvulus of gall bladder having concomitant cholelithiasis treated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
A pharmacokinetic study to examine nicotine delivery from e cigarettes and a conventional cigarette in healthy subjects during a brief period of ad libitum use
Authors: Fearon Ian M. , Nides Mitch , Eldridge Alison , Camacho Oscar M. , Murphy James , Proctor Christopher J.
Published: October 2017

Background: Smoking is a leading cause of numerous human disorders including lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Nicotine is primarily responsible for the addictive properties of cigarette smoking whereas other chemical constituents of the cigarette smoke are considered responsible for disease development. Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) deliver a vapour containing nicotine and which is considered to contain significantly less chemical toxicants compared to cigarette smoke. This study will investigate nicotine delivery from a novel e-cigarette device and compare it to that from both a commercially-available e-cigarette and a combustible cigarette.

Methods: This study will examine nicotine pharmacokinetics in subjects while either smoking a cigarette or using one of 5 different e-cigarettes for up to 5 minutes ad libitum. The study is a single-centre, randomised controlled clinical study with a crossover design. Subjects of either gender will be aged 22–55 years (minimum legal smoking age in CA plus 1 year) and a verified smoking status (assessed by exhaled breath CO and urinary cotinine levels). Subjects will be judged to be healthy by medical history, physical examination, vital signs, ECG and clinical biochemistry tests. The primary objectives are to characterize the kinetics of nicotine absorption into the blood of subjects using different e-cigarettes or smoking a cigarette; and to compare nicotine delivery from different e-cigarettes with one another and with that from a conventional cigarette.  

Conclusions: Data from this study will advance our scientific understanding of the pharmacokinetics of nicotine in smokers who use different types of e-cigarettes.
Maternal mortality in Ghana: an exploration of partners’ perception about factors that contributed to their wife’s death
Authors: Adika Diana Mawuko , Chutiyami Muhammad , Dathini Hamina , Adamu Haruna
Published: October 2017

Background: Many programmes were put in place internationally and locally to curtail the menace of maternal mortality, but little achievement has been made in certain parts of the world, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. A number of literatures exist, which investigate into the predisposing factors of maternal mortality in Ghana, however, no published evidence as the time of conducting this study explore the perception of men with respect to maternal mortality. This study aims to explore the perceptions of men who have lost their wives about the factors that contributed to their wife’s death in Accra, Ghana.Methods: A qualitative phenomenological approach was adopted, using an in-depth semi-structured interview conducted via a phone call, which was recorded and transcribed. Ten men participated in the study. The data was analysed using narrative synthesis through identification of themes/sub-themes. Results: It was identified that physical, cultural and socio-economic factors were responsible for the death of men’s wives on the course of pregnancy. The major physical factors include direct causes of maternal mortality notably haemorrhage, delay in reaching health facility and delay from the health facility. The cultural factors mainly include seeking care from unskilled attendants and use of traditional preparations to aid delivery. Lastly, poor socio-economic status was blamed by majority of the participants, which impedes them from accessing quality care within shortest period of time. Conclusions: Men perceived factors predisposing to maternal mortality in Accra, Ghana were avoidable with quality health care services and improved access to the health facilities.
Educational needs assessment of faculty members in Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Y. Shafaei-Khanghah , A. Enteshari-Moghaddam , F. Nasl Seraji , F. Amani , H. Ghobadi , E. Farzaneh
Published: October 2017

Background: Identifying the educational needs is an essential step in planning faculty development programs and plays an important role in promoting the quality of education and can help educational planners to be able to design effective strategies based on available resources and provide effective training. The aim of this study was to determine the educational needs of faculty members in medical school of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that has been done on 88 faculty academic members in two clinical and basic groups Data collected by a questionnaire and collected data were analyzed using statistical methods in SPSS.20. Results: 53.4% of cases were in group clinical and rests of them were in basic group. 75% of cases were male and rest of them were female.  57% had more than 10 years of work experience. There was a significant difference between two groups in the field of research in the area ethics in research and in the field of information technology in the area of using electronic resources between two groups. Based on the prioritization of the needs within the clinical and basic academic members, the greatest need in both groups was related to the writing of scientific texts in English. Also, the lowest priorities within the clinical and basic members were the familiarity with English journals (26.8%) and the use of electronic resources (27.7%). Conclusions: Results showed that the level and type of needs among university faculty members fits with the needs of the faculty members in other universities that is required to response the needs of clinical and basic professors, necessary educational and research actions based on the priorities in 6 areas will happen in future.
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever: knowledge and practices of doctors at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore
Authors: Shahid Hassan , Daud Seema
Published: October 2017

Background: Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a potentially fatal yet preventable zoonotic haemorrhagic disease which has consumed the lives of many health care workers in different regions of Pakistan over the past few years. There is neither a specific therapy nor an effective vaccine for the disease, which makes prevention the most rational approach towards CCHF. Hence, our main objective in this study was to determine the knowledge and practices of doctors regarding Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Lahore.Methods: Non-probability convenience sampling was used to recruit the study sample (N=136). A structured questionnaire was used to collect data comprising of 35 multiple response questions pertaining to demographic information and knowledge and practice of the respondents regarding CCHF. Descriptive statistics was used to present data as numbers and percentage.Results: The study participants included 46 house officers, 69 post-graduate trainee/medical officers and 21 consultants. Among the respondents, 80% rated their knowledge regarding CCHF to be insufficient and 71% revealed that they did not feel confident while managing a patient of CCHF. While managing patients with active haemorrhage, 32% of our respondents either never or only sometimes used personal protective equipment. Nearly all study participants (93%) expressed the desire to acquire more education on CCHF in future.Conclusions: Knowledge of doctors regarding CCHF and compliance in terms of standard infection control protocols were inadequate.
Patient perception and satisfaction are prudent for assessment and improvement of hospital services: a cross sectional study among OPD patients at ESIC medical college and hospital, Faridabad, Haryana
Authors: Goyal Pooja , Singh Neha , Lukhmana Shveta
Published: October 2017

Background: It is imperative for hospital managers to understand and estimate consumer perspective in order to identify and address the perceived gap (if any). The present study was conceived to assess quality of OPD services and patient satisfaction in a tertiary level hospital and to determine the remedial measures for improvement of health services as suggested by the patients. Methods: A hospital based, cross sectional, descriptive study was conducted, using exit interviews, among new OPD attendees at ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Faridabad from August-September, 2016. Data thus collected was analyzed using SPSS 17.0. Results: Out of 145 study subjects, 88.9% (129) subjects perceived the quality of services rendered at hospital as good and 11.1% (16) perceived the quality as poor. 80.68% (117) subjects were reportedly satisfied and only 19.31% (28) were dissatisfied with the hospital OPD services. No statistically significant association was observed between the overall perceived quality and socio-demographic variables of study subjects like age, sex, literacy status and occupation. Main reasons for dissatisfaction as reported by patients were poor availability of medicine(s) (46.15%), poor behavior of doctors (38.46%), long queue(s) at OPD (26.92%) and poor staff behavior (26.92%). Remedial measures suggested by patients were improvement in the availability of medicine (31%), doctor's behavior (17%) and increase in patient registration counters (17%), which were in line with the reasons for dissatisfaction. Conclusions: It is likely that the very act of involving respondents in evaluating their health services will make providers more sensitive and alert to patient needs.
An epidemiological study on prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among school boys of Burdwan municipal area
Authors: Nag Kaushik , Patra Manas , Paul Avijit , Saha Indranil , Bhattacharyya Krishnadas , Dasgupta Samir
Published: October 2017

Background: High blood pressure in childhood and adolescence is an important part of the natural history of hypertension. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among the adolescent boys of class nine (IX) to twelve (XII).Methods: A school based cross sectional study was undertaken among 894 adolescent boys aged 13 to 18 years from May 2013 to October 2014 of Burdwan municipal area. Schools were selected by Simple random sampling and systematic random sampling was used to include sample students from each school. Statistical tests like chi-square test were applied for categorical variables and p<0.05 taken as statistical significance.Results: The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 5.7%. The study revealed highest prevalence of hypertension in the age group of 13-14 and 17-18 years (6.5%), Muslim religion (17%), General caste (8.4%), and upper socio-economic status (9.3%) among which religion and caste showed significant association with hypertension (P<0.05). Students taking non-vegeterian items ≥5 days a week, chewing tobacco users, obese and having family history were more hypertensive which was statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusions: The association of hypertension with food habit, tobacco chewing, obesity & family history of hypertension was found to be statistically significant.
Correlation of ambulation potential with quality of life in lower limb amputees
Authors: Agrawal Mahima , Kalra A. S. , Joshi Mrinal
Published: October 2017

Background: To identify the effect of walking ability on quality of life in lower limb amputees and draw a correlation between prosthesis use, socio economic status and quality of life. It was an Observational Cross sectional study.Methods: Lower limb amputees excluding hip disarticulation and bilateral lower limb amputation, individuals above eighteen years of age who attended rehabilitation research centre outpatient door were interviewed. Structured questionnaire including patient background, amputation characteristics and details regarding prosthesis, was administered along with detailed musculoskeletal examination. Outcome variables: Locomotor capability index (LCI) and timed up and go test (TUG) were used for ambulation potential and Short form 36 (SF 36) for quality of life.Results: Significant correlation was observed between mental health short form 36 score and locomotor capability index (basic and advanced). Poor negative correlation of SF 36 score was observed with age (r=-0.125, p=0.006S). Significant correlation was observed between Physical Health Short Form 36 score and locomotor capability index (basic and advanced), and this correlation was higher and more significant. Poor negative correlation of SF 36 score was observed with age (r=-0.203, p<0.001S).Conclusions: Ability to ambulate is an independent factor that has a positive correlation with quality of life.
Prevalence of depression in the elderly population of rural Puducherry: a community based cross sectional study
Authors: S. Kanimozhi , Darbastwar Mohan A.
Published: October 2017

Background: Geriatric mental health is an important emerging public health concern. Although India is the second most populated country in the world in terms of elderly population it is yet to perceive geriatric depression as a public health problem. In spite of considerable disability and morbidity there is a dearth of community studies investigating geriatric depression and its associated risk factors from India. Considering this back ground, a community based cross sectional study was conducted in a rural setting of Puducherry to find out the disease burden of geriatric depression and to study the correlates of depression among the elderly in the community.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was done in a rural field practicing area of Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Science, Puducherry. The study was conducted in 640 elderly and geriatric depression was assessed with The Geriatric depression Scale – Short form.Results: Of the total elderly, only 42.34% were found to be normal while the remaining 57.66% of the elderly were suffering from some forms of depression. The major associated factors contributing to geriatric depression were found to be female sex, widowhood, illiteracy, living alone, presence of chronic diseases, lesser physical activity and inadequate sleep.Conclusions: A major proportion of the elderly in the study population were found to be suffering from depression. This high prevalence indicates an urgent need, both for great awareness of depression among the community members and to ensure availability and accessibility of appropriate health services to manage it.
Neurorobotics and how it can make advanced surgeries easier
Authors: Sarfaraz Asma , Yaqoob Uzair , Khemani Lavina
Published: October 2017

Neurorobotics is a combination of neurosciences and robotics that leads to build artificial intelligence and cognitive system. Neurorobotics is a recent innovation in the field of medicine particularly for surgeries which require minimally invasive procedures. It is a technology that has control system based on both the autonomous and central nervous system. Neurorobotics has done considerable advancement in surgeries, through its commendable properties such as refined precision, stability and dexterity. It can perform simple tasks such as grasping and fenestrating. This device is capable of performing finely controlled motions which the human hands cannot and therefore perform more delicate procedures like for lesions present in brain parenchyma. This device has one rigid endoscope and three robot arms that have employed to perform procedures in many cases. The procedures are usually performed through a small burr hole. The basic skills of robots are to detect and identify objects as well as processing language.
Preferences of pregnant women regarding mode of delivery: a questionnaire based study
Authors: Dogra Poojan , Sharma Reena
Published: October 2017

Background: The rising rate of caesarean section is the subject of concern worldwide. The aim of our study was to know the knowledge, attitude and preferences of pregnant women towards the mode of delivery in a tertiary care centre and hence to see weather this is a contributing factor towards rinsing trend of caesarean delivery or not.  

Methods: This was a prospective questionnaire study conducted on 100 antenatal women in third trimester who attended the antenatal clinic in SLBS GMC Mandi at Nerchowk from 1st June, 2017 to 1st September 2017.The information regarding socio-demographic profile, obstetric history, knowledge and attitude statements towards vaginal delivery and caesarean section was collected and analysed.

Results: Total of 100 women was interviewed in our study. Out of these, majority (85%) had received education up to High school and above. Majority of the women (90%) had the positive attitude towards vaginal delivery. The most frequently mentioned source of information about the mode of delivery was relatives and friends. Almost half of women agreed to the statement that vaginal delivery creates a more affectionate mother and baby relationship.  Majority of women co-relate that caesarean section was associated with more complications and not good in long term outcome. Economic factors did not play an important role in deciding caesarean birth.

Conclusions: Majority of pregnant women interviewed were interested to deliver vaginally, while some women were indecisive due to lack of knowledge and some due to apprehension of labor pains during vaginal delivery wanted to undergo a caesarean section. Appropriate counselling of pregnant women and their partners will help in changing their outlook and make them a better judge while choosing their preferences.
Complications following comminuted femoral shaft fractures treated with interlocking nail with or without inter fragmentary screw fixation for butterfly fragment: case series
Authors: Kaliamurthy Muthukumar , Elumalai Rajarajan , Subramaniyan Vijay Krishnan Arcot
Published: October 2017

Background: This case series is to highlight the complications following interfragmentary compression screw fixation for butterfly fragment while treating femoral shaft fractures with interlocking nail.

Methods: Twelve cases have been included in this study conducted in institute of orthopaedics and traumatology, MMC & RGGGH, Chennai. All patients had shaft of femur fracture with butterfly fragment for which open reduction and interlocking nailing done. For 6 patients we applied interfragmentary screws for the butterfly fragment and in rest of the patients (6) patients we left the butterfly fragment in situ without disturbing the soft tissue attachment and bone grafting for the bone gap where ever necessary. We followed up the patient at 3 weeks, 6 weeks and 12 weeks, 6 months and 12 months.

Results: All the six patients fixed with inter fragmentary screws had wound infection and went for infected nonunion for which appropriate management was done including revision nailing or LRS application. Union was achieved in 12 to 16 months after various surgical interventions. Remaining six patients in whom interfragmentary screws were not applied and primary bone grafting when and where necessary was done, showed radiological union by three months.

Conclusions: Blood supply to large butterfly fragment is the main key for the healing process not the near normal anatomical reduction using interfragmentary screw for the butterfly fragment. Relative stability is enough for fracture union. In bone defects arising out of comminution primary bone grafting is essential for the bone healing. 
Limb salvage after delayed arterial repair in compound Grade III C fracture humerus: a case report
Authors: Ramprasath Dhurvas Ramlal , Kamalanathan Major K. , Maheswaran K. S. , Muthsamy Mohan Prasad
Published: October 2017

A combination of brachial artery injury and fracture shaft of humerus is a rare phenomenon. There is a general apprehension regarding survival of a limb after vascular injury. Only few studies exist in literature that discuss about the survival of such limbs. Our case is a 56 years old female patient who presented three hours after sustaining injury in the form of fracture shaft of humerus and complete transection of brachial artery distal to the origin of profunda brachii. Even though Doppler USG done initially revealed flow in the vessels distal to the injury, a CT Angiogram done later revealed cutting of the brachial artery. This prompted us to perform brachial artery exploration and repair. post operatively, digital subtraction angiography showed absence of flow in the brachial artery but limb survived due to extensive collateral circulation. Even after the golden period of vascular repair has lapsed, arterial repair is recommended if there is no evidence of gangrene. This should be supplemented with adequate systemic anticoagulants and/or fasciotomy.
ANÁLISE DE CASOS DE DENGUE NAS GRANDES REGIÕES E UNIDADES FEDERATIVAS DO BRASIL COM AUXÍLIO DE SISTEMA DE INFORMAÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA
Authors: Cotrim Frederico Uelinton Basso , Arantes Marco Aurélio , Da Silva Silvia Sidnéia , Caritá Edilson Carlos
Published: October 2017

Atualmente, no Brasil, a dengue é uma das maiores preocupações em relação às doenças infecciosas, se constituindo em um problema de saúde pública. Trata-se de uma virose transmitida pelo Aedes aegypti, mosquito transmissor, que pica apenas durante o dia. A utilização de Sistemas de Informações Geográficas pode ajudar na análise e no planejamento do combate à dengue, pois estão presentes na vida das pessoas, disponibilizam informações geoespaciais, e por meio de Sistema de Posicionamento Global (Global Positioning System – GPS) integram mapas digitais, permitindo diversas aplicações, como por exemplo, dispositivos portáteis de navegação e até mesmo o Google Earth. O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar o uso de um Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG) na análise da evolução da distribuição espacial dos casos de dengue nas grandes regiões e unidades federativas do Brasil. Para atingir o objetivo foi desenvolvido um software SIG utilizando o Sistema de Gerenciamento de Banco de Dados (SGBD) PostgreSQL 9.5 e sua extensão espacial PostGIS 2.2, o Framework .NET 4.5, a linguagem C# e a biblioteca SharpMap 1.1. Para a base de dados do software foram utilizados dados geográficos disponibilizados pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística e da empresa privada Gismaps Sistemas. As informações estatísticas referentes à ocorrência dos casos de dengue do período de 1990 a 2014 foram obtidas do Portal da Saúde do Governo Federal. A partir dos resultados apresentados no software foi possível analisar a posição e o percentual de crescimento dos casos de dengue, ao longo dos anos, nas grandes regiões e unidades federativas. O SIG demonstrou ser uma ferramenta valiosa no auxílio ao estudo dos casos de dengue, possibilitando um fácil entendimento de sua distribuição espacial.
Photodegradation of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [bmim]Cl via Synergistic Effect of Adsorption-Photodegradation of Fe-TiO2/AC
Authors: Zawawi Azhar , Ramli Raihan Mahirah , Yub Harun Noorfidza
Published: October 2017

Ionic liquids (ILs) have gained interest among researchers due to its tunable properties that can be used in wide applications. However, toxicity and bio-degradation studies of ILs proved that most of the aromatic ILs, such as imidazolium is highly toxic and non-biodegradable. Several advance oxidation processes (AOPs) have been investigated by researchers to evaluate the efficiency of the systems for the removal of ILs from wastewater. However, the issue on relative high cost and environmental concern has limited the application of these AOPs in industry. In this research, photocatalytic study using hybrid nano-materials was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of this system as an alternative AOP system for removal of ILs from wastewater. The synergistic effect of adsorption-photodegradation was introduced by depositing Fe-TiO2 onto the functionalized activated carbon (AC). Nano-TiO2 was synthesized using micromulsion method before modification with transition metal and deposited onto the oxidized AC. Photodegradation reaction of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [bmim]Cl was investigated under simulated visible light irradiation. It was observed that the overall efficiency of the system was increased with the increasing amount of Fe dopant. Investigation on the extrinsic factors such as solution pH, initial concentration of ILs and photocatalyst dosage showed to significantly affect the overall efficiency of the systems where the optimum condition for the system was observed at pH 10, with initial ILs at 1mM at 1 g/L of photocatalyst. The best performance photocatalyst was 0.2Fe-TiO2/AC.
The (k, s)-Fractional Calculus of Class of a Function
Authors: Rahman Gauhar , Ghaffar Abdul , Nisar K. S. , Azeema Azeema
Published: October 2017

In this present paper, we deal with the generalized (k, s)-fractional integral and differential operators recently defined by Nisar et al. and obtain some generalized (k, s)-fractional integral and differential formulas involving the class of a function as its kernels. Also, we investigate a certain number of their consequences containing the said function in their kernels.
Respuesta: Los antioxidantes en el proceso de patologías oculares: revisión
Authors: Tur Elena , Volchegorskii I.A.
Published: October 2017

Hemos podido leer con gran interés la revisión sistemática de Fernández-Araque A et al en la revista que ustedes dirigen (Ana Fernández-Araque, Andrea Giaquinta Aranda, Consuelo Laudo Pardos y Abel A. Rojo Aragüs  Los antioxidantes en el proceso de patologías oculares: revisión. Nutrición Hospitalaria, 2017, Volume 34, Issue 2, Pages 469-478). Podemos decir que nos ha impresionado y causado gran respeto el planteamiento analítico de este trabajo y de su metodología.
Niveles de hierro en sangre según adherencia a la dieta libre de gluten en niños celíacos de edad de escolar
Authors: Aballay Laura Rosana
Published: October 2017

Introducción: La enfermedad celíaca provoca atrofia intestinal, trastornos en la absorción de nutrientes y desnutrición progresiva. La deficiencia de hierro es una carencia nutricional muy prevalente. Una alimentación estricta libre de gluten (LG) permite calidad de vida.Objetivo: Evaluar la situación nutricional del hierro de niños celíacos escolares mediante la determinación de parámetros bioquímicos, su relación con el consumo del mineral y la adherencia a la dieta LG en San Luis.Métodos: Estudio observacional, analítico y transversal. Se incluyeron a 44 niños con EC, de 6 a 10 años de edad con diagnóstico de celiaquía y registrados en entidades públicas y privados de San Luis (Argentina) durante 2011-2012. Mediante una encuesta cuali-cuantitativa se determinaron hábitos alimentarios y características sociodemográficas. Se evaluaron niveles de hierro y adherencia a una dieta LG. Se construyeron modelos de regresión lineal generalizados para verificar la asociación de ferritina con el consumo de hierro y adherencia a la dieta.Resultados: La mayoría de las familias tenían nivel socio económico bajo y eran numerosas. La alimentación, no previno la anemia ferropénica según biodiponibilidad. La mayoría de los niños presentaron un estado inmunológico, anticuerpos antiendomisio y antitransglutaminas normales. El 7% presentó bajos niveles de hierro. La ferritina en condiciones de consumo adecuado de hierro se relacionó con los anticuerpos predictores y la presencia de ambos padres en el hogar.Conclusión: En condiciones de consumo adecuado de hierro, sus niveles en sangre se relacionan con adherencia al tratamiento libre de gluten.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Monitoring Deteksi Jatuh untuk Manula dengan Menggunakan Accelerometer
Authors: Norhabibah Siti , Andhyka Wahyu , Risqiwati Diah
Published: October 2017

Elderly is a last transitional period of human life. Decrease or disappearance of organ function such as loss of balance, reduced vision and hearing cause the elderly often fall. The limited physical ability of them requires supervision. Supervision is necessary to avoid undesirable thing occurs. Here, a tool called accelerometer can be used to supervise and monitor whether the fall incident occurs or not to the elderly. In this study, the magnitude of the acceleration in x, y, and z axes of the accelerometer sensor is processed into a total value of acceleration. Then the value will be compared with the lower threshold value and the higher threshold value. After that the total value of the acceleration is compared again with the threshold value of the total value orientations. The total value of acceleration is used to distinguish between regular activity and falling. The results of this study indicate that the system developed has the sensitivity values of 89% and specificity of 98%.
MAPPING POTENTIAL TECHNOLOGY APPROPRIATE SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES AS EFFORTS TO IMPROVE TECHNOLOGY PREPARATION LEADERSHIP IN REGION OF PONOROGO
Authors: Purnomo Rochmat Aldy
Published: October 2017

Research Objectives "Mapping the Potential of Appropriate Technology for Small and Medium Enterprises as an Effort to Improve the Capability of Technology Readiness in Ponorogo District" is to describe the profile of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), evaluate and measure the level of technological readiness ability (TK2T) of SMEs in Ponorogo District. The analytical tool used is a technometer that serves to measure the level of technological readiness capability used for the production of SMEs divided into three stages, basic (level 1 to level 3), medium (level 4 to level 6) and ready (Level 7 to With Level 9). By using teknometer is expected to provide basic information about mapping the potential needs and the use of appropriate technology (TTG) both tools, processes and production results in Ponorogo regency. SMEs in Ponorogo Regency are dominated in the field of food, handicraft and textile fields. The SME food business unit still requires major government intervention on production process issues. The majority of SMEs business unit in the field of food still use technology (tools) simple and potluck. The production process of SMEs business still neglects the hygienic side of both the production and production. The results of the evaluation and measurement of SME TK2T in Ponorogo District indicate that all samples have passed measurements at level 1 to level 3. Less than 50% pass the middle level ie level 4 to level 6, while less than 10% have passed the top level measurement , Which is level 7 to level 9. This explains that the production of SMEs in Ponorogo Regency still need government intervention both in the use of appropriate technology, as well as supporting indicators such as management, hygiene in production, human resources.
Detección de anticuerpos contra VIH a partir de muestras de sangre seca en papel filtro
Authors: García-Cisneros Santa , Olamendi-Portugal Ma. Leonidez , Herrera-Ortiz Antonia , Conde-González Carlos J , López-Gatell Hugo , Sánchez-Alemán Miguel A
Published: October 2017

Señor editor: En los últimos años se ha incrementado el uso de muestras de sangre seca en papel filtro (dried blood spots, DBS) para detectar anticuerpos contra virus de la hepatitis C (VHC), virus dengue y VIH, entre otros...
Optimization of the Horizontal-Well Hydraulic-Fracture Geometry From Caprock-Integrity Point of View Using Fully Coupled 3D Cohesive Elements
Authors: Saberhosseini Seyed Erfan , Mohammadrezaei Hossein , Saeidi Omid , Zadeh Nadia Shafie , Senobar Ali
Published: October 2017

Pre-analysis of the geometry of a hydraulically induced fracture, including fracture width, length, and height, plays a crucial role in a successful hydraulic-fracturing (HF) operation. Besides the geometry of the fracture, the injection rate should be optimal for obtaining desired results such as maintaining sufficient aperture for proppant placement, avoiding screenouts or proppant bridging, and also preventing caprock-integrity failure as a result of an extensively uncontrolled fracture in reservoirs. A sophisticated numerical model derived from the cohesive-elements method has been developed and validated using field data to obtain an insight on the optimal fracture geometry and injection rate that can lead to a safe and efficient operation. The HF operation has been conducted in an oil field in the Persian Gulf with the aim of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) from a limestone reservoir with low matrix permeability in a horizontal wellbore. The concept of the cohesive-elements method with pore pressure as an additional degree of freedom has been applied to a 3D fully coupled HF model to estimate fracture geometry, specifically fracture height as a function of the optimal injection rate in a reservoir porous medium. It was observed that by increasing injection rate, all the fracture-geometry parameters steeply increased, but the fracture height must be controlled to be in the reservoir domain and not surpass the caprock and sublayer. For the reservoir under study with the maximum height of 100 m, length of 250 m, width of 100 m, permeability of 2 md, and porosity of 10%, the optimal fracture height is 73.4 m; the average fracture width and half-length are 12.8 mm and 55.4 m, respectively. Therefore, the optimal injection rate derived from the fracture height and geometry is in this case 4.5 bbl/min. The computed fracture pressure (49.55 MPa = 7,283.85 psi) has been compared with the field fracture pressure (51.02 MPa = 7,500 psi), and the error obtained for these two values is 2.88%, which showed a very good agreement.
BIOMASSA VERDE DE PLANTAS COMO ADUBO DE COBERTURA EM CULTIVO ORGÂNICO DE REPOLHO
Authors: Favarato Luiz Fernando , Souza Jacimar Luis de , Guarçoni Rogério Carvalho , Pereira Victor Almeida Pereira Almeida
Published: October 2017

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial da biomassa de leucena e mamona como adubação de cobertura, sobre o desenvolvimento do repolho e os atributos do solo em sistema orgânico de produção. Foram implantados dois experimentos no ano de 2011, com leucena e mamona, avaliando-se cinco espessuras de biomassa (0, 1, 2, 3 e 4 cm) como cobertura no entorno das plantas de repolho, aplicadas aos 15 dias após o plantio. Os resultados comprovaram efeitos significativos destas formas de adubação sobre o desenvolvimento inicial das plantas de repolho e sobre os atributos do solo, comprovando eficiência no fornecimento de nitrogênio para esta cultura. Não foram verificados ajustes significativos para os modelos de regressão sobre os atributos do solo para as diferentes espessuras de aplicação das biomassas, à exceção do teor de potássio, que foi favorecido com o aumento das quantidades aplicadas.
Supportive (Maintenance) Therapy in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Main Principles and New Perspectives
Authors: Pop Vasilii Petrovich , Rukavitsyn O.A.
Published: October 2017

Supportive (maintenance) therapy (ST) for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is undergoing significant changes and development. The aim of the review was to summarise the basic data on methods and perspective of ST for HSCT and to analyse new opportunities and alternative approaches to enhance the antitumor potential of HSCT. The need for ST is constantly growing as a result of significant increase in the number of performed HSCT and an increase in patient survival. The review highlights traditional methods of ST which allowed to boost the success of HSCT: antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral preventive treatment. The authors discuss preventing toxicity of dimethyl sulfoxide (cryopreserving agent); understudied aspects of vaccination of HSCT recipients, and effects on microbiota. The study demonstrates that many of the classic recommendations of ST are being constantly updated given the wide variability of approaches not only to post-transplant monitoring, but also to empirical antibiotic therapy and the use of hematopoietic growth factors and the appropriateness of the correction of the microbiota, constraints of the external environment and social contacts. Currently, HSCT is becoming more available, in conditions close to the out-patient clinics, which leads to improved outcomes and significantly decreases the cost of hospital stay. The future improvement of the cost effectiveness and quality of ST will be possible due to health information technologies, and digital infrastructure between doctor and patient. We report our own experience of ST for allo-HSCT in 19 patients and for auto-HSCT in 82 patients, and implementation of auto-HSCT in non-insulated wards without HEPA-filtration. The literature review shows both the increased demand for the various methods of ST at HSCT and its increasing efficiency. Despite the lack of uniform standards, introduction of new approaches of ST should significantly improve HSCT outcomes.
Indicadores Financeiros e de Mercado Para Previsão do Retorno de Ações do Ibovespa Entre os Anos de 2003 e 2013
Authors: Evrard Henri Siro , Cruz June Alisson Westarb
Published: October 2017

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo verificar a eficiência de indicadores financeiros e de mercado para a previsão do retorno das ações do Ibovespa. Foram testados 16 fatores de retorno (características individuais das ações) ex-ante, referentes à mensuração de cinco famílias de diferentes características dos ativos: risco, liquidez, “barateamento”, rentabilidade e desempenho passado. Foram testados ao total 22 modelos, combinando as variáveis em sua totalidade, em famílias e isoladamente. Somente são utilizados os ativos presentes no Ibovespa na época da predição, evitando o viés de sobrevivência da amostra. Os resultados indicam R2 de 0,73 com significância acima de 99% para a capacidade preditiva do modelo utilizando a combinação das 16 variáveis. Há evidências de grande relevância das variáveis de “barateamento” para o potencial de predição dos ativos. Os resultados apontam para melhora gradativa da eficiência de previsão do modelo, sugerindo que a taxa de sucesso não é função de um período específico. O presente trabalho aponta para a ausência de correlação positiva entre risco e retorno das carteiras de investimentos originadas pelo modelo, corroborando a ineficiência do mercado de ações brasileiro. Por fim, as únicas variáveis que apresentaram capacidade preditiva significativa quando utilizadas isoladamente foram lucro/preço e valor de mercado, apresentando R2 de 0,50 e 0,46, respectivamente
Relações entre o Índice de Basiléia e o Nível de Endividamento das Famílias Brasileiras
Authors: Silva Sabrina Espinele da , Ferreira Bruno Peréz
Published: October 2017

O acordo de Basiléia impõe um capital mínimo regulatório para que os bancos mantenham sua liquidez e sejam menos suscetíveis a choques provenientes da interligação do sistema financeiro. Os bancos precisam administrar a dinâmica de captações e das aplicações de modo a evitar o excesso ou escassez de recursos monetários, eles estão expostos a riscos como o risco de crédito e o risco de liquidez. Risco de credito trata-se do risco de que a contraparte na transação não honre sua obrigação. Risco de liquidez trata-se do risco de a instituição financeira tornar-se incapaz de honrar suas obrigações. O índice de endividamento das famílias brasileiras apresentou crescimento no período analisado, e um nível de endividamento elevado aumenta as chances de inadimplência e expõem as instituições financeiras ao risco de crédito e ao risco de liquidez. Assim, o objetivo desse artigo consiste em analisar as relações existentes entre o índice de Basiléia divulgado pelos bancos e o alto nível de endividamento das famílias no Brasil. O estudo utilizou dados disponíveis no sistema gerenciador de séries temporais (SGS) do banco central do Brasil, que compreendem o período de janeiro de 2005 a dezembro de 2013, sendo analisadas as seguintes variáveis: índice de Basiléia, endividamento, inflação IPCA, taxa Selic, Inadimplência no SPC, através de um modelo ARCH (Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity). Os resultados demonstram que o índice de Basiléia, e o nível de endividamento das famílias possuem correlação negativa, o que faz com que os dois variem em sentidos opostos. Podemos comparar os resultados do modelo para o sistema financeiro brasileiro com o que foi observado no mercado americano, visto, por exemplo, da ótica dos autores que apontam o começo da crise financeira de 2008, como consequência do alto endividamento das famílias americanas no ramo de hipotecas.
Perspetiva dos Consumidores do Norte de Portugal Face à Responsabilidade Social Empresarial
Authors: Faria Maria José Silva
Published: October 2017

A prática da responsabilidade social tem vindo, particularmente nas últimas décadas, a cultivar uma sociedade mais consciente no bem comum e na sustentabilidade das gerações futuras. Assim, não é de estranhar que alguns consumidores procurem responder positivamente a ações de responsabilidade social. É objetivo deste estudo verificar se os consumidores do norte de Portugal, maiores de 18 anos, são influenciados pela responsabilidade social nos consumos realizados em três segmentos de compras: comércio a retalho, feiras e mercados e nos centros comerciais e, em que medida a responsabilidade social consegue influenciar a perceção de valor e a intenção de compra desses consumidores. Para o efeito foram aplicados 1804 questionários a consumidores pertencentes aos três grupos comerciais/empresariais citados. Os questionários foram todos validados aplicando-se uma análise fatorial. Os resultados demonstraram que: 1) os consumidores dos grupos a retalho e centros comerciais têm maior propensão para adquirirem produtos de empresas/marcas socialmente responsáveis; 2) os consumidores do grupo feiras e mercados não se mostraram tão sensíveis à questão da responsabilidade social, mas mais ao preço dos produtos e em alguns casos, diminutos, à sua qualidade.
Evidenciação do Controle Social nas Prestações de Contas do Programa Dinheiro Direto na Escola no Município do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Medeiros Ana Cristina de Oliveira , Alves Francisco José dos Santos , Duque Andréa Paula Osório
Published: October 2017

Education in Brazil have expanded the debate concerning the quality offered, as well as being a constitutional guarantee, there are the State's efforts in the allocation of financial resources annually. In the case of Basic Education was created in 2007 the Direct Money in School Program (DMSP) that the Union transfers financial assistance to state and local public schools, and encourage widespread participation in resource management. Thus, the study’s objective was to investigate how civil society involved in the management of public resources of TSA, in a descriptive research with a quantitative and qualitative approach. The data collection was a documentary research: 29 accounts rendered digitized Direct Money in School Program (DMSP) from schools and day care centers located in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro for the year 2012. Consolidating research, we sought to understand the perception of the Director of School / Day Care and President of the Community Council-School on the subject employing a questionnaire. In addition to the Audit Services scanned the TSA was checked for evidence of compliance with the principle of accountability and encouraging the social control in the electronic media. The results show the need to improve the participation of civil society, given that this study found that schools/nurseries do not provide the program information on official websites, minimizing transparency, and there is the existence of oversight failures in the assessment of benefits accounts and composition of the Councils.
Análise do Sentimento Textual dos Relatórios de Desempenho Trimestral das Indústrias Brasileiras
Authors: Machado Márcio André Veras , Silva Maria Daniella De Oliveira Pereira da
Published: October 2017

O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a dinâmica do mercado financeiro diante do desempenho empresarial e do sentimento textual dos relatórios de desempenho trimestral da indústria brasileira. Para isso, foi utilizada como técnica de mensuração do sentimento textual a métrica sugerida por Loughran e McDonald (2011), que faz uso de uma análise das palavras empregadas no processo de comunicação, para capturar o sentimento de otimismo, neutralidade ou pessimismo expresso em um texto. Já o desempenho empresarial foi mensurado mediante as proxies de benchmarks de desempenho, que foram: ganho inesperado e indicador do desempenho da estimativa dos analistas. O comportamento do mercado, foi avaliado mediante uma proxy para retorno anormal, calculada com base no modelo de mercado. Assim, por meio de um estudo de evento, analisou-se o comportamento do mercado no período de divulgação dos relatórios de desempenho trimestral das indústrias brasileiras, referente ao terceiro trimestre de 2014. A pesquisa foi delimitada às indústrias com ações negociadas na BM&FBOVESPA, totalizando uma amostra de 54 empresas. As evidências empíricas sugerem que o mercado reage positivamente ao ganho inesperado e reage negativamente ao sentimento textual dos relatórios trimestrais quando as empresas apresentam um desempenho abaixo das expectativas dos analistas, porém, quando a empresa supera as expectativas dos analistas, apenas o ganho inesperado provoca reações positivas sobre os retornos. Portanto, a dinâmica do mercado é influenciada pelo conteúdo dos relatórios trimestrais apenas em momentos que remetem a uma maior incerteza econômica.
Custeio ABC e Outras Sistemáticas de Custeio: Uma Proposta de Aperfeiçoamento
Authors: Cogan Samuel
Published: October 2017

Os rateios simplistas ditados pela contabilidade de custos tradicional de muito deixaram de trazer os resultados desejados. Os conceitos de margem de contribuição e de custeio variável passaram a ser utilizados em substituição aos rateios imprecisos, nas tomadas de decisão. Embora tenha representado um progresso, ficou ainda longe de ser a solução final para o problema do custeio, principalmente no longo prazo, uma vez que não se considera a totalidade dos custos incidentes. Para melhorar essa situação surgiu no final dos anos 80 o conceito do custeio ABC que difere do enfoque do custeio tradicional, pela forma como os custos são acumulados. Enquanto que os opositores do sistema ABC insistem que é impossível a distribuição dos custos fixos, a sistemática ABC mostra que os custos das atividades em nível de unidade, de lote e de projeto, mantêm relações de causa-e-efeito que viabilizam a distribuição adequada dessas despesas. Contudo, um problema ainda persiste: essa proporcionalidade entre atividades e objeto de custos não se aplica às despesas em nível de sustentação de facilidades. Para tanto, esse trabalho apresenta uma metodologia de reconciliação de dados com programação matemática, para os casos onde existem custos de difícil mensuração.