bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN METODE PERMUKAAN RESPONS DALAM MASALAH OPTIMALISASI
Authors: DEWI ADE KUSUMA , SUMARJAYA I WAYAN , SRINADI I GUSTI AYU MADE
Published: August 2017

The experiments were conducted to determine the relationship between response variable and independent variable and the effect of independent variables to response variable. Multiple comparison tests can be used to find the level that makes optimal response. However, this test has a drawback that it only finds the optimal level tested at the level being considered. Thus test is more suitable for qualitative independent variables. On the other hand, for quantitative independent variables we can use the orthogonal polynomial method and response surface method (RSM).The purpose of this research is to apply RSM to produce optimal response. It can be concluded that RSM is an efficient used to find the level of independent variables to makes optimal response.
KARAKTERISTIK SEKTOR PERTANIAN DI PROVINSI BALI MENURUT SUBSEKTOR PENYUSUN
Authors: ARSANA PUTU OKA SURYA , SUSILAWATI MADE , JAYANEGARA KETUT
Published: August 2017

Bali instead of famous for tourism also popular at agriculture. One of them is subak. It is a culture heritage in the world. To cope with this problem the development in agriculture should be increased. The goal for this research are to know the identifiier factors of agriculture devolopment in Bali, the most dominat factors, and the variable which represent the development of agriculture in Bali. The method of analysis used for this research is factors analysis. Factor analysis is used to reduce the data or summary, for variable which is being changed to a new variable called factor and still load many information contained in a real variable. The method used in the factor analysis is principal component analysis method. Many  factors are determined by eigen values. The  factor rotation which used is varimax rotation. Based on the research results, got seven factors with the diversities which can be explained are 76.417%. Factors dryland farming as the most dominant factor identifier with the total value of the largest eigenvalues ??is 4.564 or 25.356% with variables representing these factors are widely planted potatoes and pulses.
ANÁLISE DOS TRABALHOS DE CONCLUSÃO DE CURSODE GRADUAÇÃO EM ENFERMAGEM DE UMA FACULDADE DO INTERIOR PAULISTA
Authors: LIMA Amanda Inácio , FREITAS Larissa Gonçalves , GOMES Natália Fascini , MARTINS Carmem Costa , LIMA Marilda Duram
Published: August 2017

O Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso é uma exigência para a conclusão dos cursos superiores no país, constituindo-se em requisito obrigatório, utilizada como indicador na avaliação da qualidade institucional. A elaboração do TCC constitui um desafio para a maioria dos alunos. É com a pesquisa que o estudante aprende a utilizar a metodologia científica para detectar, conhecer, resolver situações e propor ações que necessitam de intervenção. O objetivo do estudo foi realizar análise dos trabalhos de conclusão de Curso de Graduação em Enfermagem das Faculdades Integradas de Santa Fé do Sul. Trata-se de um estudo documental descritivo, retrospectivo de análise dos Trabalhos de Conclusão do Curso de Enfermagem das Faculdades Integradas de Santa Fé do Sul. O material utilizado para a coleta dos dados foram os TCC em formato de monografia, defendidos no período de 2009 a 2014. Os dados foram coletados em 175 Trabalhos de Conclusão de Curso por meio de formulário para posterior agrupamento por áreas contempladas, tipos de estudo e metodologia. Os resultados indicaram que a área do ciclo vital do ser humano foi a mais escolhida, sendo a saúde do adulto e idoso a linha de pesquisa mais estudada. A metodologia preconizada foi qualitativa, com relação a fonte de informação houve predominância da pesquisa bibliográfica. Espera-se que esses resultados possam contribuir para a definição de diretrizes e estratégiasa fim de ampliar e consolidar as atividades de pesquisa como ferramenta indispensável no Curso de Enfermagem.
OPINIÕES DE MULHERES EM IDADE FÉRTIL SOB A ÓTICA DE POSSÍVEIS FETOS ANENCÉFALOS E O PAPEL DA ENFERMAGEM FRENTE A ESTA SITUAÇÃO
Authors: VIOTTO Camila Maria Buso Weiller , OKUMURA Andressa Oliveira , AZAMBUJA Bruna Anyelli , LEONEL Camila Almeida
Published: August 2017

Este trabalho tratada interrupção da gestação frente ao sentimento materno diante da confirmação de um feto anencéfalo em questões da bioética e da legislação brasileira. As expectativas da gestante em relação ao seu papel de mãe podem induzir a fantasia quanto a sua definição de maternidade e afetar o seu estado emocional.Nesta fase, cabe à equipe multidisciplinar oferecer acompanhamento e orientação constante à gestante, podendo ter um papel preventivo de complicações físicas e psíquicas futuras. A anencefalia é a falta total ou parcial do cérebro e/ou da calota craniana, um defeito na formação do sistema nervoso central, de modo que crianças portadoras não sobrevivem após o parto, sendo, portanto, incompatível com a vida extra uterina. Este fato leva a uma grande polêmica em relação à legalidade do abortamento, a opinião e consentimento da gestante. Esta pesquisa objetivou apresentar a opinião de mulheres em idade fértil sob a ótica de possível gestação com feto anencéfalo, sua opinião com o que prevê na legislação; e descrever o papel da equipe de enfermagem frente a esta situação. O método foi realizado a campo, utilizando-se uma entrevista aplicada a 50 mulheres em idade fértil, não gestantes, com idade entre 18 a 40 anos.Diante dos resultados nota-se que a questão do abortamento de fetos anencéfalos está fortemente ligada aos instintos maternais e crenças religiosas além de concluir tratar-se de um tema polêmico que divide opiniões.
DIAGNÓSTICO E TRATAMENTO DE DENTE SUPRANUMERÁRIO INCLUSO: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: LODI Carolina Simonetti , RODRIGUES Amanda , ANGELONI Bruna Poleto
Published: August 2017

Dente supranumerário é definido como distúrbio de desenvolvimento caracterizado pela presença de um ou mais elementos dentários fora do número considerado normal. A prevalência é maior na dentição permanente, na maxila, sendo o sexo masculino mais acometido. A ocorrência de dentes supranumerários pode gerar diversas complicações, entre elas a impactação de dentes permanentes. A sua presença é assintomática, sendo usualmente diagnosticados em exames radiográficos de rotina. O objetivo deste estudo foi abordar a importância do tema e apresentar um caso clínico de exodontia de dente supranumerário. Paciente compareceu à clínica com queixa de ausência do dente 21.  Ao exame clínico observou-se a presença do seu homólogo, dente 11, e dos incisivos laterais (dentes 12 e 22). As hipóteses diagnósticas eram: agenesia do dente 21, presença de lesão impedindo a erupção do dente ou a presença de um dente supranumerário. O exame radiográfico mostrou a presença de um dente, com coroa de forma não convencional e raiz incompletamente formada, no longo eixo da coroa do dente 21.  Diante das características clínicas e radiográficas encontradas, o diagnóstico clínico foi de um dente supranumerário. O tratamento proposto foi a exodontia. O tratamento cirúrgico possibilitou a remoção do dente supranumerário procedimento de extrema relevância na prevenção de problemas oclusais e resolução de problemas já instalados. Cada caso deve ser conduzido da forma mais adequada com a intenção de minimizar as complicações dessa condição no desenvolvimento da dentição do paciente. Por isso faz-se necessário o devido acompanhamento e observação periódica de casos de dentes supranumerários.
APLIKASI PROTEASE DAN PENGARUH SUHU PADA ASIDIFIKASI DIGESTASI ANAEROBIK DUA-TAHAP LUMPUR IPAL BIOLOGI INDUSTRI KERTAS
Authors: Purwati Sri , Soetopo Rina S. , Idiyanti Tami
Published: August 2017

The research of two-stage anaerobic digestion process for biological wastewater sludge of paper industry with modification of enzyme application and temperature treatment (mesophilic-thermophilic) has been done at the stage of acidification. Batch experiments were conducted to determine their effectiveness by applying treatment of the retention time (2-12 days) and the amount of inoculum (150-450 mL/L). They were observed by the performance process of increasing levels of soluble protein, and the formation of volatile organic acids (VFA). The results showed that application of the addition of protease 0.25 units / g. TS sludge at thermophilic temperatures can increase the hydrolysis with an indication of increased levels of soluble protein in supernatant reaching 380%, whereas in acidification process can improve the formation of organic acids through increased levels of VFA. The best performance of acidification process was found in thermophilic temperature conditions, with retention time of 4 days treatment and the addition of microbial inoculum at 300 mL/L. Sludge digestion of acidification stage at the condition of 2.25 load g.VS sludge / g.VS microbes.day can produce increased levels of VFA by approximately 624%. The solid produced of 40% v/v contains organic and nutrient elements that can be used as organic fertilizer.Key words : biological wastewater sludge, anaerobic digestion, acidification, protease , thermophilicABSTRAKPenelitian digestasi anaerobik dua-tahap lumpur IPAL biologi industri kertas dengan modifikasiaplikasi enzim dan perlakuan suhu (mesofilik-termofilik) telah dilakukan pada tahap asidifikasi.Percobaan yang dilakukan secara batch ditentukan efektivitasnya melalui perlakuan waktu retensi(2-12 hari) dan jumlah inokulum (150-450 mL/L.) dengan pengamatan kinerja proses terhadappeningkatan kadar protein larut, dan pembentukan asam-asam organik volatile (VFA). Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa aplikasi protease pada penambahan 0,25 unit/g.TS lumpur, pada suhu termofilikdapat meningkatkan hidrolisis, yang ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan kadar protein larut mencapai380%, sedangkan dalam proses asidifikasi dapat meningkatkan pembentukan asam organik melaluipeningkatan kadar VFA. Kinerja proses asidifikasi yang terbaik dijumpai pada kondisi suhu termofilik,dengan perlakuan waktu retensi 4 hari dan penambahan inokulum mikroba 300 mL/L. Digestasi lumpur tahap asidifikasi pada kondisi tersebut yang berlangsung pada beban 2,25 g.VS lumpur/g.VS mikroba. hari; dapat menghasilkan peningkatan kadar VFA sekitar 624%. Padatan yang dihasilkan sebanyak 40% v/v mengandung komponen organik dan unsur-unsur nutrisi yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pupuk organik.Kata kunci : lumpur IPAL biologi, digestasi anaerobik, asidifikasi, protease, termofilik
BIOASSAY OF BIOORGANIC FERTILIZER OF PAPER MILL SLUDGE TO IMPROVE GROWTH AND NUTRIENT STATUS OF CORN
Authors: Widiastuti Happy , , Siswanto , , Suharyanto
Published: August 2017

The study was aimed to test the effectiveness of organic sludge fertilizer on growth, nutrient status of plants and metal content of maize seed produced. Experiments was conducted to test 7 treatments namely without fertilizer (A), 100% of inorganic fertilizer (B), fertilized with bioorganic granule fertilizer formula 4 + 50% inorganic fertilizer (C), fertilized with bulk bioorganic sludge fertilizer formula 4 + 50% inorganic fertilizer (D), fertilized with granule formula 16 + 50% inorganic fertilizer (E), fertilized with bulk bioorganic formula 16 + 50% inorganic fertilizer (F), fertilized with bulk bioorganic sludge fertilizer 4 + humic acid +50% inorganic fertilizer (G) arranged in randomized completely block design with 5 replications. Bioorganic sludge fertilizer formula 4 contains Azotobacter sp. while formula 16 containing consortium of phosphate solubilizing bacteria + Azotobacter sp. + Trichoderma sp. Addition of bioorganicsludge fertilizer in combination with 50% mineral fertilizer resulted similar growth of corn compared to those of 100% mineral fertilizer. The addition of granule bioorganic sludge fertilizer formula 4 resulted significantly higher N and P nutrient status of corn plants both in terms of leaves, stems, roots, and seeds. Metal content of Mo, Co, B and Pb was higher in maize seed treated with bioorganic sludge fertilizer (G16) compared to mineral fertilizer. However, 100% mineral fertilizer yield maize seed containing Cu, Zn, Mn, and Fe higher than those of fertilized with sludge bioorganic fertilizer.Keywords: bioorganic sludge fertilizer, corn, nutrient uptake, metal uptake  ABSTRAK Penelitian bertujuan menguji keefektifan pupuk bioorganik sludge (PBS) terhadap pertumbuhan, status hara tanaman dan kandungan logam biji jagung yang dihasilkan. Percobaan dilakukan untuk menguji tujuh perlakuan pupuk yaitu tanpa pupuk (A), pupuk anorganik 100% (B), PBS granul formula 4 + pupuk anorganik 50% (C), PBS curah formula 4 + pupuk anorganik 50% (D), PBS granul formula 16 + pupuk anorganik 50% (E), PBS curah formula 16 + pupuk anorganik 50% (F), PBS curah formula 4 + asam humat + pupuk anorganik 50% (G) yang disusun dalam rancangan lengkap acak kelompok dengan lima ulangan. Pupuk formula 4 mengandung Azotobacter sp. sedangkan formula 16 mengandung konsorsium bakteri pelarut fosfat, Azotobacter sp., dan Trichoderma sp. Penambahan PBS yang dikombinasi dengan pupuk anorganik 50% menghasilkan pertumbuhan yang sama dengan jagung yang diberi pupuk anorganik 100%. Pemberian PBS granul formula 4 menghasilkan status hara N dan P jaringan tanaman nyata lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang dipupuk anorganik. Kandungan logam Mo, Co, B dan Pb lebih tinggi dalam biji jagung yang diberi PBS (G16) dibandingkan dengan yang dipupuk anorganik dan kontrol. Pemberian pupuk anorganik 100% menghasilkan biji jagung yang mengandung Cu, Zn, Mn, dan Fe lebih tinggi daripada yang diberi PBS.Kata kunci: pupuk bioorganik sludge, jagung, serapan hara, serapan logam
Myrllen's Coat
Authors: Heard Catherine
Published: August 2017

In 1948, a schizophrenic woman admitted to the Eastern State Hospital in Knoxville, Tennessee, began shredding rags into coloured thread and begging hospital staff to give her a sewing needle. In the space of seven years, she created several garments, densely embroidered with images and glossolalic text. Ward notes dismissively summarized, “She sews without purpose…is non-productive”. In 1955 she was medicated with the newly developed drug, chlorpromazine, and stopped sewing. Over the years, most of the works were lost –– along with the medical records of their creator, who is known by the pseudonym, “Myrllen”. Today, only two artifacts remain: a scarf, which hangs in Lakeshore Mental Health Center in Knoxville; and a coat, preserved in the Tennessee State Museum. My research is the first academic study of these artifacts, which are virtually unknown outside of Tennessee and Maryland.
A Splendid Day
Authors: Schumacher Rod D.
Published: August 2017

Short story; 3000 words
Screen shot 8
Authors: B G
Published: August 2017

Polyglot mosaic
Screen shot 11
Authors: B G
Published: August 2017

Polyglot mosaic
Screen shot 14
Authors: B G
Published: August 2017

Polyglot mosaic
Untitled 1
Authors: Ament Josie
Published: August 2017

Untitled 1
Untitled 3
Authors: Ament Josie
Published: August 2017

Untitled 3
Untitled 4
Authors: Ament Josie
Published: August 2017

Untitled 4
Choose Happiness
Authors: Greene Kevin
Published: August 2017

bumper sticker
But Now I See
Authors: Steele Rebekah
Published: August 2017

braille poem
From MITSUMI. ELEC. CO. LTD. 2
Authors: Schmaltz Eric
Published: August 2017

Visual poetry
From MITSUMI. ELEC. CO. LTD. 3
Authors: Schmaltz Eric
Published: August 2017

Visual poetry
From MITSUMI. ELEC. CO. LTD. 4
Authors: Schmaltz Eric
Published: August 2017

Visual poetry
Worte zum Bild "Rehkitz"
Authors: Schnekenburger Ramona
Published: August 2017

poem
La filature cotonnière qui a tissé une communauté 1
Authors: Therrien Joël
Published: August 2017

photo of installation
Ascorbic Acid #2
Authors: Zboya Eric
Published: August 2017

visual poetry
Introduction and Credits
Authors: Authors Collective
Published: August 2017

Exhibition "In the Park the Horses Didn't Mind," Niagara Artists Centre, St. Catharines, ON, Feb-March 2014
Children, enfants à Rodman Hall
Authors: / Young artists Jeunes artistes
Published: August 2017

Chaussettes vertes et bonne nuit, les étoiles / Green Socks and Goodnight Stars (Rodman Hall, St. Catharines, ON, 10.2/1.3 2015) - Creative workshops with school groups
MacDonald, Duncan. _Little Revolutions_ (book review)
Authors: Prades Clamenç
Published: August 2017

MacDonald, Duncan. _Little Revolutions_ (book review)
A walk in the park with a curious dog on a long leash…
Authors: Reid Stuart
Published: August 2017

Introduction to exhibition catalogue "Visual Appropriations and Rewritings" @ Rodman Hall Art Centre, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
Collaboration as Collage
Authors: Serfas Shawn
Published: August 2017

Introduction to exhibition catalogue "Visual Appropriations and Rewritings" @ Rodman Hall Art Centre, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
Shawn Serfas en février et les enfants au travail
Authors: Parayre Catherine , Multiples Artistes
Published: August 2017

Ateliers d'art à Rodman Hall Art Centre, St. Catharines, ON, Canada(Elèves de 8 à 12 ans)
ÉVOLUTION PARALLÈLE ET CONVERGENCE : LE LANGAGE ESTHÉTIQUE DE L’ABSTRACTION DANS LES AVEUGLES DE M. MAETERLINCK ET DANS DU SPIRITUEL DANS L’ART DE W. KANDINSKY
Authors: Arcand Nathalie
Published: August 2017

En concevant sa théorie de l’abstraction, élaborée pour la première fois dans son ouvrage Du Spirituel

dans l’art publié en 1911, le peintre Wassily Kandinsky exprime une profonde admiration pour le premier

théâtre de Maurice Maeterlinck. Cette dernière découle d’une réflexion sur le langage esthétique, désormais

soumis à un processus complexe d’épuration : le mot chez Maeterlinck, tout comme les éléments géométriques

et les couleurs en peinture, affirme son autonomie par rapport à la réalité extérieure et empirique à laquelle il

se référait antérieurement. Cette transformation de la fonction du signe artistique, lexical et pictural, sera

illustrée au moyen du drame Les Aveugles.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Parayre Catherine
Published: August 2017

Editorial du présent numéro
« Le Horla » de Maupassant : la folie à la croisée des courants et des savoirs
Authors: Bastien Sophie
Published: August 2017

Nous nous demanderons quelle conjoncture culturelle et, par conséquent, quelle sensibilité permettent, voire incitent la thématisation littéraire, et induisent les choix esthétiques qu’effectue Maupassant pour la mettre en forme de façon si percutante.
Une esthétique de la complicité : l’artiste et ses complices
Authors: Clendinning Sherri
Published: August 2017

Ce que nous proposons d’exploiter dans cette discussion de l’esthétique de la complicité chez Pierre Klossowski, c’est la nature de la relation dynamique entre l’artiste, les tableaux qu’il donne à contempler et le spectateur qui les contemple.
De l’effritement à l’androgyne : l’image du couple dans le roman québécois contemporain au féminin
Authors: Oprea Denisa-Adriana
Published: August 2017

À travers l’analyse d’un corpus de romans québécois contemporains, nous tentons ici de baliser les éléments d’un

parcours qui va de l’effritement à l’androgyne. Cette évolution est symptomatique tant de la remise en question du couple qu’engendre le féminisme radical que du passage du féminisme de la deuxième vague au féminisme de la troisième vague. Les romans que nous avons retenus sont Le sexe des étoiles (1987), de Monique Proulx, Copies conformes (1989), de Monique LaRue et la trilogie Soifs de Marie-Claire Blais.
L’encyclopédisme Ducharmien, source d’enrichissement pour la langue et la culture francophone
Authors: Aidara Aminata
Published: August 2017

L’oeuvre romanesque de Réjean Ducharme est un vivier de thèmes multiples. L’auteur

y procède en effet à une valorisation de son discours romanesque « actuel » en le mettant en

relation avec d’autres discours « absents ». Mais en même temps il installe une encyclopédie

dans ses romans au regard de la diversité des thèmes exploités. Nous avons choisi pour

illustrer l’encyclopédisme de Réjean Ducharme, L’avalée des avalés et Gros Mots qui

affichent de manière éloquente la dialectique du commun et du singulier propre à la littérature

francophone contemporaine.
Protective and curative effects of Cestrum nocturnum on rabbit kidney
Authors: Saleem Uzma , Ali Nauman , Ahmad Bashir
Published: August 2017

The objective of current study was to evaluate the nephroprotective and nephrocurative effects of methanolic extract of Cestrum nocturnum leaves in rabbits. Gentamicin (80 mg/kg/day) was administered intramuscularly to induce nephrotoxicity. The induction was assessed by biochemical and histopathological analysis. Methanolic extract (100, 300 or 500 mg/kg) was given orally with gentamicin for 25 days in nephroprotective study whereas in nephrocurative study, gentamicin was administered intramuscularly  for first 10 days and for next 15 days only methanolic extract (100, 300 or 500 mg/kg, orally) was administered. A significant decrease was found in total oxidant status, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and uric acid levels whereas albumin level increased significantly. Histopathological studies also revealed nephroprotective and nephrocurative effects. In conclusion, the methanolic extract of C. nocturnum leaves exhibited significant nephro-protective and nephrocurative effects in experimental animal.
Video Clip of Methodology:
6 min 47 sec:   Full Screen   Alternate
Response of short duration aman rice varieties to date of transplanting
Authors: Mahmud S , Hassan MM , Rahman MM , Jannat M
Published: August 2017

An experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during June to December, 2013 to investigate the response of some short duration aman rice varieties to date of transplanting. The experiment consisted of three transplanting dates viz. 26 July, 5 August and 15 August and seven short duration T. aman rice varieties viz. BRRI dhan33, BRRI dhan39, BRRI dhan49, BRRI dhan56, BRRI dhan57, BRRI hybrid dhan4 and Binadhan-7. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. Transplanting dates were allocated into the main plot and varieties into the sub plot. Results indicate that Binadhan-7 produced the highest grain yield (4.90 t ha1), straw yield (5.58 t ha1), biological yield (10.44 t ha1), and harvest index (47.10%). Lowest grain yield (3.27 t ha1), straw yield (3.96 t ha1) and biological yield (7.20 t ha1) were produced by BRRI dhan57. BRRI dhan49 had taken the longest field duration (120 DAT) while BRRI dhan57 had taken the shortest field duration (88 DAT). Plant height (119.12 cm), number of total tillers m-2 (276.40), number of effective tillers m2 (260.02), number of grains panicle1 (109.19), grain yield (4.75 t ha1), straw yield (5.22 t ha1), biological yield (9.97 t ha1) and harvest index (47.64%) were highest on 26 July transplanting; decreased on 5 August transplanting and drastically declined on 15 August transplanting. The present study concludes that the highest yield for short duration T. aman rice cultivation could be possible by Binadhan-7 transplanting on 26 July.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 15(1): 1-6, January 2017
Species richness of thrips and whiteflies and their predators in mustard fields
Authors: Das S , Rahman MM , Kamal MM , Shishir A
Published: August 2017

With a view to assessing the effect of temperature (ºC) and locations on species richness of thrips and whiteflies and their natural enemies (NEs), predatory Geocoris bug and Asian lady bug beetle (LBB) in mustard field of BARI Sarisha 16, the experiment was carried out at the farmers fields in two specific locations of Southern Bangladesh, Rupsha, Khulna and Abhaynagar, Jessore during November, 2015 to March, 2016. The studies were laid out with randomized complete block deign (RCBD) maintaining four replicates. The results depicted that there was a significant variation in mean population abundance of thrips, whitefly and their predators across the observation dates, which principally resulted from the variation of temperature along the various observation dates in each location and between locations along with phenological characters of host plants. Initially, population of thrips and whitefly, and their predators were very low in both locations at first observation date of 20 November, 2015 which gradually colonized and reached the peak in 19 March, 2016 with temperature of 27.8°C and 71% RH in Khulna and 26.1ºC and 61% RH in Jessore. Notably, temperature ranging from 2227°C during mid-February to March, 2016 considerably favors the species richness of both insect pests, thrips and whiteflies, and their predators, Geocoris bug and Asian lady bug beetle in both places. By contrast relative low temperature of 1620°C from December 20, 2015 to January 29, 2016 affected the species richness of predators and pest as well. The yield of mustard, BARI Sarisha 16 was significantly higher in Jessore (1365.75 kgha1) due to lower pest population and higher predator population relative to Khulna region (1277.25 kgha1). Ecological factors especially temperature appeared as major striking factor of species richness and played crucial role in getting up and down of mustard insect pests and NEs population across various date of observations and between places.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 15(1): 7-14, January 2017
An empirical impact analysis of Agribusiness Development Project of Bangladesh
Authors: Sarma PK , Raha SK
Published: August 2017

The aim of the study was to identify the extent of the project objectives are implemented and the impact of the project. The sample size was determinate by using cluster sampling techniques with considering the design effect which was covered 1281 sample from ASA 518, BRAC 347and TMSS 415. Data was collected by pre-determine interview schedule, FGD, KII and observation methods in the year 2016. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and econometric model using the SPSS software. The result revealed that the project beneficiaries homestead, garden ponds and land on the amount of positive and negative impact on the amount of agricultural land and created employment of 2320 person in the beneficiary entrepreneurs 2104 people full-time and part-time jobs have been created. According to both the groups jobs have been created due to project activities in project area. The project has created 33432 agribusiness entrepreneurs and about three times a job was generated by them and 90524 persons employment in rural and semi-urban areas. It help to increase monthly income on an average 30.07% which contribute to socio-economic development of the area and economy through providing support to rural poor people and creation rural entrepreneurs. The credit diversion of producers, processors, marketers and input suppliers of beneficiary group was less by 8.09%, 29.01%, 20.37% and 17.80%, respectively. This study has been undertaken as an examining to assess the role and significance of agribusiness in Bangladesh along with the present situation and future prospective. Agribusiness plays a vital role to the increased income realized by the farmers. The study recommended that the agribusiness has positive impact on income of the farmers, increased commercialization and economic development in Bangladesh.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 15(1): 62-72, January 2017
Relevance of social capital in womens business performance in Bangladesh
Authors: Mozumdar L , Farid KS , Sarma PK
Published: August 2017

Social capital has been projected as a key resource in entrepreneurial success. While the association between successful business activity by rural women and their ability in building social capital is often seen as a pathway of poverty reduction, a thorough understanding of the relevance of social capital in womens business performance could have crucial insights into ways for alleviating rural poverty in developing countries. Nonetheless, the relevance of social capital in womens business performance has hardly studied in the specific context of Bangladesh. The present review is undertaken to fill this information gap. Social capital has positive impact on gaining legitimacy, building mutual trust and co-operation in womens business. Besides, women enterprises with enhanced social capital are found to possess better access to other forms of capital. The review shows the importance of external actors such as microfinance institutions in developing social capital of women enterprises in Bangladesh. Alongside microfinance, regulative factors such as different rules and regulations of the government can positively facilitate women entrepreneurship development in rural Bangladesh.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 15(1): 87-94, January 2017
Studies on seafood production systems in the South-west Region of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam MR , Haque MM , Rahman MM
Published: August 2017

The present study was conducted to understand existing production system of shrimp and prawn (seafood) with gher1 farming in the south-western region of Bangladesh from January to March 2014. Three gher farming clusters in three Upazilas of Bagerhat district were selected to carry out this study to assess the fact above using focus group discussion, key informant interview, questionnaire survey, physical observation, and literature review. The study revealed that gher farming system has changed the cropping patterns dramatically. This diversified farming system produces prawn, carp fish, boro paddy, and vegetable in the field where only single crop of paddy was cultivated. Gher dikes were used to produce vegetables, fruits and the central part for rice cultivation. Whereas the whole water body (during monsoon) and canals (during dry season) were used to culture finfish and prawn. Farmers were mainly found to use commercial feed with a rare amount of homemade feed because of the availability of commercial feed. Most of their investment goes for buying feed, PL and were found to take loan with high interest from banks or depot owners. Decreased salinity due to siltation in Mongla river resulted in increased overall production. The evidence presented in the study confirms that gher farming system impacting positively in the south-west region of Bangladesh.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 15(1): 123-132, January 2017
Food safety in Bangladesh: A microbiological perspective
Authors: Noor Rashed , Feroz Farahnaaz
Published: August 2017

Bangladesh has long been facing problems associated with microbiological contamination of varieties foods due to the lack of awareness on hygiene followed by the defective legislative action. Manifestation of microbial prevalence in different foods bring about vital information on food safety as well as may envisage on the further intoxication caused by the prevailing microorganisms. Although a few extent of food inspection is apparently in some of the governmental regulatory bodies; however, the mass population is still suffering from a number of food borne illness. Present review partially focused on the microbiological regulation of the foods in Bangladesh and discussed the possible remedies for the maintenance of food safety.Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.6(1) 2016: 1-6
Evaluation of microbial quality of the surface water of Hatirjheel in Dhaka City
Authors: Miah Md Badsha , Majumder Ahmad Kamruzzaman , Latifa Gulshan Ara
Published: August 2017

Microbiological health risks due to environmental pollution are major concerning issue in all over the world. In Bangladesh, almost all the major water bodies (lake/khal) particularly in the urban or semi-urban area have been suffering severely pollutions. Therefore if we manage to safe our surface water in and around the city, we can reduce the demand of ground water for the city dwellers by the proper use of these lakes and ponds. This study was conducted to evaluate the microbial condition of Hatirjheel water located in Dhaka City. The microbial analysis was performed to trace the presence of bacterial and other pathogens. In 5 samples, total viable bacteria and fungi were found up to 2.0×106 cfu/ml and 3.4×102 cfu/ml, respectively. Specific pathogens such as Klebsiella spp. (3.0×102 cfu/ml), Salmonella spp. (2.0×102 cfu/ml), Pseudomonas spp. (8.3×102 cfu/ml) and Vibrio spp. (6.0×102 cfu/ml.) were also isolated. The findings of the study revealed that the water of Hatirjheel might not safe for human health and also indicated that this water may vulnerable for diarrhea, dysentery, typhoid fever, shigellosis, salmonellosis, parasitic worm infection, hemolytic uremina syndrome etc. water-borne diseases. The poor water quality suggesting contamination of the lake water by domestic and industrial wastes and other anthropogenic activities. So it is important to control the pollution for proper use of this water in various household purposes.Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.6(1) 2016: 30-33
Experimental Study on Mechanical Behavior of Shear Connectors of Square Concrete Filled Steel Tube
Authors: Qiao Qiyun , Zhang Wenwen , Qian Zhiwei , Cao Wanlin , Liu Wenchao
Published: August 2017

In order to quantitatively evaluate the shear-bearing capacity of shear connectors of square concrete filled steel tube (CFST), push-out tests on 14 square CFSTs with shear connectors have been carried out. Among the 14 CFSTs, there are 13 specimens with steel plate connectors and one specimen with steel bar connectors. The following factors are investigated to figure out their influences on the performance of CFSTs, which are the width to thickness ratio of steel tube, thickness of steel plate, length of steel plate, strength of concrete, welding condition of steel plate, number of steel plate layer and interlayer spacing. The test results show that the ultimate bearing capacity and the elastic stiffness increase with decreasing width to thickness ratio of the steel tube, and increasing thickness and length of the steel plate. With increasing concrete strength, the ultimate bearing capacity also increases. However, the welding condition has no effect on the ultimate bearing capacity. The ultimate bearing capacity of the CFST with double-layer steel plate is greater than that with single-layer steel plate. The ultimate bearing capacity of steel bar type shear connector is 87% greater than that of the steel plate type shear connector, and the steel bar specimen shows good ductility. A formula for calculating the shear-bearing capacity of shear connectors has been developed, and the calculated shear-bearing capacities are in good agreement with the test data.
Solutions to the Cosmic Initial Entropy Problem without Equilibrium Initial Conditions
Authors: Patel Vihan , Lineweaver Charles
Published: August 2017

The entropy of the observable universe is increasing. Thus, at earlier times the entropy was lower. However, the cosmic microwave background radiation reveals an apparently high entropy universe close to thermal and chemical equilibrium. A two-part solution to this cosmic initial entropy problem is proposed. Following Penrose, we argue that the evenly distributed matter of the early universe is equivalent to low gravitational entropy. There are two competing explanations for how this initial low gravitational entropy comes about. (1) Inflation and baryogenesis produce a virtually homogeneous distribution of matter with a low gravitational entropy. (2) Dissatisfied with explaining a low gravitational entropy as the product of a ‘special’ scalar field, some theorists argue (following Boltzmann) for a “more natural” initial condition in which the entire universe is in an initial equilibrium state of maximum entropy. In this equilibrium model, our observable universe is an unusual low entropy fluctuation embedded in a high entropy universe. The anthropic principle and the fluctuation theorem suggest that this low entropy region should be as small as possible and have as large an entropy as possible, consistent with our existence. However, our low entropy universe is much larger than needed to produce observers, and we see no evidence for an embedding in a higher entropy background. The initial conditions of inflationary models are as natural as the equilibrium background favored by many theorists.
Risk Assessment of Micro Energy Grid Protection Layers
Authors: Gabbar Hossam , Koraz Yahya
Published: August 2017

Micro energy grids (MEGs) are used extensively to meet the combined electricity, heating, and cooling energy demands for all types of customers. This paper develops a hazard matrix for a MEG and utilizes two advanced risk modeling approaches (fault tree and layer of protection analysis (LOPA)) for MEGs’ risk analysis. A number of independent protection layers (IPLs) have been proposed to achieve a resilient MEG, hence increasing its safety integrity level (SIL). IPLs are applied using co-generators and thermal energy storage (TES) techniques to minimize the hazards of system failure, increase efficiency, and minimize greenhouse gas emissions. The proposed modeling and risk assessment approach aims to design a resilient MEG, which can utilize those potentials efficiently. In addition, an energy risk analysis has been applied on each MEGs’ physical domains such as electrical, thermal, mechanical and chemical. The concurrent objectives achieve an increased resiliency, reduced emissions, and sustained economy.
Model, Characterization, and Analysis of Steady-State Security Region in AC/DC Power System with a Large Amount of Renewable Energy
Authors: Chen Zhong , Chen Hui , Zhuang Minhui , Bu Siqi
Published: August 2017

A conventional steady-state power flow security check only implements point-by-point assessment, which cannot provide a security margin for system operation. The concept of a steady-state security region is proposed to effectively tackle this problem. Considering that the commissioning of the increasing number of HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current) and the fluctuation of renewable energy have significantly affected the operation and control of a conventional AC system, the definition of the steady-state security region of the AC/DC power system is proposed in this paper based on the AC/DC power flow calculation model including LCC/VSC (Line Commutated Converter/Voltage Sourced Converter)-HVDC transmission and various AC/DC constraints, and hence the application of the security region is extended. In order to ensure that the proposed security region can accurately provide global security information of the power system under the fluctuations of renewable energy, this paper presents four methods (i.e., a screening method of effective boundary surfaces, a fitting method of boundary surfaces, a safety judging method, and a calculation method of distances and corrected distance between the steady-state operating point and the effective boundary surfaces) based on the relation analysis between the steady-state security region geometry and constraints. Also, the physical meaning and probability analysis of the corrected distance are presented. Finally, a case study is demonstrated to test the feasibility of the proposed methods.
Nonlinear Controllers Based on Exact Feedback Linearization for Series-Compensated DFIG-Based Wind Parks to Mitigate Sub-Synchronous Control Interaction
Authors: Li Penghan , Wang Jie , Xiong Linyun , Wu Fei
Published: August 2017

The increasing penetration of wind power in the grid has driven the integration of wind farms with power systems that are series-compensated to enhance power transfer capability and dynamic stability. This may lead to sub-synchronous control interaction (SSCI) problems in series-compensated doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind farms. To mitigate SSCI, nonlinear controllers based on exact feedback linearization (EFL) are proposed in this paper. Before deriving the control laws, the exact feedback linearizability of the studied system is scrutinized. Frequency scanning analysis is employed to test the designed EFL controllers. Moreover, the performance of the EFL controllers is compared to that of classical proportional-integral (PI) controllers. A series-compensated 100 MW DFIG-based wind park is utilized to assess the performance of the designed controllers through the alleviation of sub-synchronous resonance. Analyses of the studied system reveal that the resistance is negative under sub-synchronous frequency conditions, whereas the reactance becomes negative at approximately 44 Hz. The designed EFL controllers effectively alleviate SSCI and result in positive reactance and resistance values within the whole sub-synchronous frequency range. The results from the frequency scanning method are also validated through the time domain simulation and the eigenvalue analysis.
In Vitro Assays in Severe Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions: Are They Still Research Tools or Diagnostic Tests Already?
Authors: Porebski Grzegorz
Published: August 2017

Severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (SCARs) represent life-threatening medical conditions and an appropriate causative diagnosis of these conditions is of the highest importance. Existing in vivo diagnostic methods are risky or are just contraindicated in these patients. Therefore, in vitro tests take on greater significance. In this survey, the studies on in vitro assays in SCARs were identified with a defined searching strategy and strict eligibility criteria. Different methods in the particular clinical manifestations and the groups of drugs were compared in respect to the diagnostic parameters obtained. The lymphocyte transformation test and IFNg-ELISpot (Interferon γ-Enzyme-linked immunospot assay) appeared to have the best evidence currently available. Further diagnostic assays, which are based mostly on distinct mechanisms of SCARs, may outdo previous assays but they still need confirmation in a larger group of patients and in more research centers. Data from pediatric populations and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) patients are scarce. Some technical issues, limitations, and modifications of routine laboratory methods are also discussed.
Influence of Cutting Speed on Subsurface Damage Morphology and Distribution in Ground Fused Silica
Authors: Schnurbusch Georg , Brinksmeier Ekkard , Riemer Oltmann
Published: August 2017

In optical fabrication, brittle-hard materials are used for numerous applications. Especially for high-performance optics for laser or lithography applications, a complex and consistent production chain is necessary to account for the material properties. Particularly in pre-processing, e.g., for shaping optical components, brittle material behavior is dominant which leads to a rough surface layer with cracks that reach far below the surface. This so called subsurface damage (SSD) needs to be removed in subsequent processes like polishing. Therefore, it is essential to know the extent of the SSD induced by shaping for an efficient design of precise corrective processes and for process improvement. Within this work the influence of cutting speed on SSD, in fused silica, induced by grinding has been investigated. To analyze the subsurface crack distribution and the maximum crack depth magnetorheological finishing has been appointed to polish a wedge into the ground surface. The depth profile of SSD was analyzed by image processing. For this purpose a coherent area of the polished wedge has been recorded by stitching microscopy. Taking the form deviation of the ground surface in to account to determine the actual depth beneath surface, the accuracy of the SSD-evaluation could be improved significantly. The experiments reveal a clear influence of the cutting speed on SSD, higher cutting speeds generate less SSD. Besides the influence on the maximum crack depth an influence on the crack length itself could be verified. Based on image analysis it was possible, to predict the maximum depth of cracks by means of crack length.
Interaction of Flavonoids from Woodwardia unigemmata with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA): Application of Spectroscopic Techniques and Molecular Modeling Methods
Authors: Ma Rui , Pan Hong , Shen Tao , Li Peng , Chen Yanan , Li Zhenyu , Di Xiaxia , Wang Shuqi
Published: August 2017

Phytochemical investigation on the methanol extract of Woodwardia unigemmata resulted in the isolation of seven flavonoids, including one new flavonol acylglycoside (1). The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis and comparison of literature data. The multidrug resistance (MDR) reversing activity was evaluated for the isolated compounds using doxorubicin-resistant K562/A02 cells model. Compound 6 showed comparable MDR reversing effect to verapamil. Furthermore, the interaction between compounds and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated by spectroscopic methods, including steady-state fluorescence, synchronous fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopies, and molecular docking approach. The experimental results indicated that the seven flavonoids bind to BSA by static quenching mechanisms. The negative ΔH and ΔS values indicated that van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonds contributed in the binding of compounds 2–6 to BSA. In the case of compounds 1 and 7 systems, the hydrophobic interactions play a major role. The binding of compounds to BSA causes slight changes in the secondary structure of BSA. There are two binding sites of compound 6 on BSA and site I is the main site according to the molecular docking studies and the site marker competitive binding assay.
Enzymatic Synthesis of N-Acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) Type 1 Oligomers and Characterization as Multivalent Galectin Ligands
Authors: Fischöder Thomas , Laaf Dominic , Dey Carina , Elling Lothar
Published: August 2017

Repeats of the disaccharide unit N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) occur as type 1 (Galβ1, 3GlcNAc) and type 2 (Galβ1, 4GlcNAc) glycosylation motifs on glycoproteins and glycolipids. The LacNAc motif acts as binding ligand for lectins and is involved in many biological recognition events. To the best of our knowledge, we present, for the first time, the synthesis of LacNAc type 1 oligomers using recombinant β1,3-galactosyltransferase from Escherichia coli and β1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltranferase from Helicobacter pylori. Tetrasaccharide glycans presenting LacNAc type 1 repeats or LacNAc type 1 at the reducing or non-reducing end, respectively, were conjugated to bovine serum albumin as a protein scaffold by squarate linker chemistry. The resulting multivalent LacNAc type 1 presenting neo-glycoproteins were further studied for specific binding of the tumor-associated human galectin 3 (Gal-3) and its truncated counterpart Gal-3∆ in an enzyme-linked lectin assay (ELLA). We observed a significantly increased affinity of Gal-3∆ towards the multivalent neo-glycoprotein presenting LacNAc type 1 repeating units. This is the first evidence for differences in glycan selectivity of Gal-3∆ and Gal-3 and may be further utilized for tracing Gal-3∆ during tumor progression and therapy.
Characteristics of Marine Gravity Anomaly Reference Maps and Accuracy Analysis of Gravity Matching-Aided Navigation
Authors: Wang Hubiao , Wu Lin , Chai Hua , Xiao Yaofei , Hsu Houtse , Wang Yong
Published: August 2017

The variation of a marine gravity anomaly reference map is one of the important factors that affect the location accuracy of INS/Gravity integrated navigation systems in underwater navigation. In this study, based on marine gravity anomaly reference maps, new characteristic parameters of the gravity anomaly were constructed. Those characteristic values were calculated for 13 zones (105°–145° E, 0°–40° N) in the Western Pacific area, and simulation experiments of gravity matching-aided navigation were run. The influence of gravity variations on the accuracy of gravity matching-aided navigation was analyzed, and location accuracy of gravity matching in different zones was determined. Studies indicate that the new parameters may better characterize the marine gravity anomaly. Given the precision of current gravimeters and the resolution and accuracy of reference maps, the location accuracy of gravity matching in China’s Western Pacific area is ~1.0–4.0 nautical miles (n miles). In particular, accuracy in regions around the South China Sea and Sulu Sea was the highest, better than 1.5 n miles. The gravity characteristic parameters identified herein and characteristic values calculated in various zones provide a reference for the selection of navigation area and planning of sailing routes under conditions requiring certain navigational accuracy.