bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN AKTIVITAS FISIK, ASUPAN ENERGI, DAN SARAPAN PAGI DENGAN KEJADIAN OVERWEIGHT PADA SISWA SMA TASIKMALAYA TAHUN 2020
Authors: Lugina Wanda , Maywati Sri , Neni Neni
Published: November 2023

Overweight merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang ada di Indonesia. Kegemukan merupakan penimbunan lemak berlebih yang menyebabkan kelebihan berat badan. Anak dan remaja yang mengalami kegemukan merupakan faktor risiko untuk terjadinya obesitas saat usia dewasa, serta peningkatan kejadian Â penyakitÂ  kardiovaskular.Â  Kegemukan Â yang Â terjadi pada Â remaja Â bisa disebabkan dari aktivitas fisik yang kurang, asupan energi yang berlebih dan tidak melakukan sarapan pagi. Salah satu sekolah dengan jumlah kejadian overweight yang tinggi di kota Tasikmalaya adalah SMA N 2 Tasikmalaya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan aktivitas fisik, asupan energi, dan sarapan pagi dengan kejadian overweight di SMA N 2 Tasikmalaya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan penelitian case control. Sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu 102 sampel diantaranya 34 sampel kasus dan 68 sampel kontrol. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi Square dengan taraf kepercayaan 95% (0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara aktivitas fisik dengan kejadian overweight (p=0,005), asupan energi dengan kejadian overweight (p=0,029), dan sarapan pagi dengan kejadian overweight (p=0,026). Saran pada penelitian ini adalah siswi di harapkan untuk mengurangi makanan tidak sehat untuk tubuh, selalu beraktivitas maupun berolahraga secara rutin, mengkomsumsi makanan yang sehat seperti sayur- sayuran atau buah-buahan, dan membiasakan diri untuk melakukan sarapan pagi agar terhindar dari overweight.
PENGARUH MEDIA BOOKLET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN PENDAMPING PENDERITA SKIZOFRENIA DI PUSKESMAS SADANANYA KABUPATEN CIAMIS TAHUN 2021
Authors: Syuhada Muhammad Faiz Husnain , Saraswati Dian , Neni Neni
Published: November 2023

Skizofrenia adalah gangguan pada otak yang menimbulkan gejala kejiwaan berupa sikap, pikiran dan perilaku yang menyimpang. Berdasarkan data kasus gangguan jiwa Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Ciamis tercatat pada tahun 2018 jumlah penderita gangguan jiwa sebanyak 1489 kasus, tahun 2019 sebanyak 1511 kasus dan pada tahun 2020 penderita gangguan jiwa sebanyak 1523 kasus. Puskesmas Sadananya memiliki 75 kasus dengan capaian pengobatan 34%. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh media booklet terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan pendamping penderita skizofrenia di Puskesmas Sadananya Kabupaten Ciamis Tahun 2021. Desain penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif dengan metode pre-eksperimen dengan rancangan penelitian pretest and posttest without control group design. Sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu pendamping atau keluarga yang mengurusi pasien skizofrenia yang berjumlah 75 kasus. Teknik sampling yang digunanakan dalam penelitian ini adalah total sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji T-dependent menunjukkan perbedaan antara nilai pre test dan post test (p=0,000) artinya ada pengaruh media booklet terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan pendamping skizofrenia. Saran berdasarkan hasil penelitian yaitu diharapkan adanya penelitian yang menggunakan media lebih kreatif dan inovatif
ANALISIS BUDAYA KESELAMATAN PASIEN DI KLINIK PRATAMA
Authors: Mustamin Achmad Yasin , Pratama Yanasta Yudo , Mohamad Sri Wahyunita
Published: November 2023

Komitmen terhadap keselamatan pasien berkembang luas sejak akhir decade 1990-an. Pada tahun 2000Â Intitute of MedicineÂ (IOM) di Amerika Serikat menerbitkan laporanÂ To Err Is Human Building a Safer Health SystemÂ yang mengemukakan penelitian di rumah Sakit di Utah dan Colorado ditemukan KTD (Kejadian Tak Diharapkan)/ Adverse Event sebesar 2,9 % dimana 6,6% diantaranya meninggal, sedangkan di New York ditemukan KTD sebesar 3,7 % dengan angka kematian 13,6%1. Budaya keselamatan pasien adalah kepemimpinan dan interaksi staf, sikap, rutinitas, kesadaran dan praktik yang bertumpu pada risiko kejadian merugikan pasien. Konsep ini dianggap sebagai fenomena kelompok, bukan individu. Budaya keselamatan paling penting di unit pelayanan kesehatan yang paling dekat dengan pasien2. Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah untuk menganalisa penerapan budaya keselamatan pasien di klinik pratama dengan berbasis bukti (Evidence Based). Terdapat 7 standar keselamatan pasien serta 6 sasaran keselamatan pasien di Indonesia. Organisasi pelayanan kesehatan perlu mengembangkan budaya keselamatan pasien untuk fokus pada peningkatan keandalan dan keselamatan pasien di masa depan. Budaya keselamatan pasien yang buruk merupakan faktor risiko penting yang dapat mengancam keselamatan pasien. Jika budaya keselamatan pasien di rumah sakit tidak berubah, ancaman terhadap keselamatan pasien ini tidak dapat diubah (Hartanto dan Warsito, 2017).Sistem keselamatan pasien merupakan prioritas utama yang harus dilaksanakan oleh klinik, hal ini sangat erat kaitannya baik dengan citra klinik maupun keselamatan pasien
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN DENGAN METODE SIMULASI TERHADAP PRAKTIK CUCI TANGAN PAKAI SABUN PADA ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI CIBEUREUM KOTA TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Rosdiyawati Nur , Aisyah Iseu Siti , Novianti Siti
Published: November 2023

Diarrhea is a disease where the condition of defecation with a liquid or soft consistency and the frequency is more than three times a day. Cibeureum sub-district was ranked first in cases of diarrhea aged 5-14 years, as many as 311 cases out of a total of 23,370 cases (2019-2020). In 2020-2021 (January to November) there were 248 cases of diarrhea with a percentage of 61.2% of patients at the elementary school (SD) level. SDN Cibeureum was ranked first with the number of diarrhea cases as many as 25 cases. Hand washing behavior that does not meet health requirements is at risk of developing diarrhea. Children tend to have a habit of not keeping their hands clean by washing their hands, especially at school. Efforts to improve the practice of washing hands with soap (CTPS) can be done through health education using interesting methods. Simulation is a learning method that is considered suitable for community skills. The research design is a pre-experimental design research with a one group pretest-posttest research design. The research subjects were 57 grade 1 students at Cibeureum State Elementary School, Tasikmalaya City. Data collection tools using observation sheets. The results of statistical tests with the Wilcoxon test, namely (1) obtained p-value = 0.001 concluded that there is an effect of health education with the simulation method on CTPS practice immediately after being given treatment and (2) obtained p-value = 0.001 concluded that there is an effect of health education with the method simulation of the practice of CTPS one week after being given treatment. Schools are advised to provide adequate facilities to implement CTPS, provide information about CTPS regularly to students and conduct learning using the simulation method.
ANALISIS KUALITATIF FAKTOR PERILAKU SEKSUAL PRANIKAH REMAJA BERDASARKAN TEORI PERILAKU LAWRENCE GREEN (Studi Kasus di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Cilembang Kota Tasikmalaya)
Authors: Firdaus Anisah Rahmah , Saraswati Dian , Gustaman Rian Arie
Published: November 2023

Adolescence is a period of transition from children to adults. Adolescence is a period of transition from children to adults. Behavior that leads to intimacy, sexual attraction and sexual habits carried out by two people of the same sex or the opposite sex before a legal marriage is called premarital sex behavior. This study aims to determine what factors can influence adolescent premarital sexual behavior based on the behavioral theory of Lawrence Green and Sarwono and how it impacts. The method in this research is a qualitative method with a case study approach. Informants are teenage girls who have premarital sex. The results of this study indicate predisposing factors for premarital sexual behavior, namely lack of knowledge, increased sexual libido, emotions, expectations, enabling factors for sexual behavior, namely the use of technological developments and information that is not wise. Reinforcing factors for sexual behavior are the attitudes of parents who taboo on sex, attitudes of peers that have a negative influence, delaying the age of marriage, tabooing sex, sexual violence, role vacancies, economics, conditions for joining the group. The impact of this sexual behavior is depression, low self- esteem, reproductive organ disorders, STD, pregnancy out of wedlock, sex addiction, regret, decreased school performance, social sanctions, sex becomes a teenage lifestyle, and sexual deviations. Therefore, to overcome this, it takes a wise attitude from parents, the community, health workers, and the youth themselves, so that they can get through the transition period safely.
DETERMINAN PRAKTIK MEROKOK KEPALA KELUARGA DI KELUHARAN CIBADUYUT KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Junisa Nurfita Ainaiyah , Abdurrahmat Asep Suryana , Maywati Sri
Published: November 2023

Smoking is a habit of smoking cigarettes carried out by society and is an unavoidable necessity for someone who has a tendency towards smoking. Based on 2018 Basic Health Research data, the prevalence of smoking in Bandung City exceeds the provincial figure, namely 34.04%. The lowest indicator of not smoking in the house in the city of Bandung is in Cibaduyut Village with a prevalence of 8.63%, so research was conducted on the behavioral determinants that influence the head of the family to practice smoking. The method used in this research is a quantitative method with a descriptive approach and the research design used is Cross Sectional. The research population of heads of families living in Cibaduyut sub-district was 2,716 heads of families. The sample of 249 heads of families was selected using a proportional random sampling technique, namely. The research instrument was a questionnaire and the data was analyzed by the chi square test at an alpha significance level of 0.05. The results of the research show that there were a relationship between the variables of attitudes include beliefs, values, traditions, affordability of cigarettes, and social environment with the smoking practices of family heads in Cibaduyut Village, Bandung City. Meanwhile, for the variables of knowledge and exposure to cigarette advertising, there was no significant relationship. Society is expected to start changing the paradigm that can influence smoking practices.
GAMBARAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN PENGENDARA SEPEDA MOTOR TENTANG PENYAKIT INFEKSI SALURAN PERNAFASAN AKUT DI WILAYAH PASAR PANCASILA TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Riyana Asep , Rahman Arip , A.S Hidayat Asep
Published: November 2023

Motorbike riders, especially those who work as motorbike taxi drivers, are very at risk of being negatively impacted by air pollution which will affect their health status, such as acute respiratory infections. Motorcyclist knowledge about ISPA is one of the main assets in improving health status and minimizing the incidence of ISPA. ISPA is a respiratory tract infection that lasts up to 14 days and can be transmitted through saliva, blood, sneezing or air. The aim of this research is to determine the level of knowledge of motorcyclists about ISPA in the Pancasila Market Area, Tasikmalaya City. The design of this research is descriptive research, the population in the research is motorbike taxis in the Pancasila Market Area as many as 112 people, the sample studied was 24 people using purposive sampling techniques. Data analysis used frequency distribution. The results of the research show that the knowledge of motorcyclists about ISPA in the Pancasila Market Area is mostly in the Fair category (54%), regarding the meaning of ISPA is equally large, namely in the good (50%) and Fair (50%) categories, regarding signs and symptoms ISPA is mostly in the Poor category (46%), about the causes of ISPA mostly in the Fair category (46%), about factors influencing ISPA mostly in the Poor category (42%), about preventing ISPA mostly in the Good category (71 %). It is hoped that health workers will provide education, especially about ISPA.
Enacting Worldmaking Agency: Navigating and Negotiating Precarious Tourism Work and Lifestyle Mobilities in Lunenburg
Authors: Coulter Myra
Published: November 2023

Worldmaking for and through tourism often produces a reality that is advantageous to some populations and suppressive to others. Indeed, the production of precarious and feminized tourism labor is evidence of the tourism industry’s simultaneous reliance upon and re-creation of
the system of global capitalism. However, tourism is fundamentally relational, meaning it is constituted by, and relies upon, the very peoples and places it (re)produces. Herein lies the multiplicity and simultaneity of situated tourism life-worlds, as well as the potential for progressive
detachment from dominant representations. Ethical worldmaking is presented as a threefold system involving the conception of tourism beyond or outside of global capitalism; the appropriation of our inescapable role in the production of tourism worlds; and the recognition that a multiplicity
of tourism community stakeholders simultaneously interprets and shapes tourism worlds according to such intersecting differences as gender, race, class, age, nationality, sexuality, and so forth. Applying this framework to an empirical study, the lived experiences of regionally mobile woman
working in tourism provide insight into the tension and contradiction underpinning cultural tourism production in Lunenburg, Canada. Thus, a series of coping strategies are enacted in order to navigate and negotiate their complex positionality, blurring the boundaries between leisure and labor,
travel and migration, subjugation and empowerment.
The Relationship Between Cash Management and the Financial Performance of Unilever Tea Limited, Kericho County, Kenya
Authors: Daisy Chepngeno , Langat Penina , Cheruiyot Peter
Published: November 2023

This paper sought to assess the relationship between cash management and the financial performance of Unilever Tea Limited. The study was anchored on the liquidity performance theory. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design with a target population of 150 employees drawn from the top, middle and lower management levels. A sample size of 109 respondents was obtained scientifically using the Yamane (1967) formula. The study adopted purposive and simple random sampling techniques to select respondents. The study used both secondary and primary data. Primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire, while secondary data was collected from the records at Unilever Tea Limited. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, where descriptive results were presented in the form of means and standard deviation, while inferential statistics used correlation and regression models. The findings established that cash management has a positive influence on the financial performance of the tea industry (r=0.699, P<0.05). The study concluded that cash management had a positive influence on the performance of the tea factories. Financial performance was mainly influenced by the ability to plan and manage cash efficiently. The study recommends that cash audits, cash planning, and credit management be done effectively to ensure the availability of working capital
Assessing the Challenges & Opportunities of Digital Marketing in Ethiopia: The case of Somali Regional State
Authors: Abdinasir Ahmed Muhumed , Mohamed Zakaria Abdiwali
Published: November 2023

This study assesses the challenges and opportunities of digital marketing in Somali regional state of Ethiopia. We selected the sample purposively in this study. The collected data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, regression model was also used to analyse the data. Quantitative data were used. The researcher collected the data with the help of questionnaire. The collected data shows that growing online markets, growing human capacity, growing telecommunication sectors and favourable government policies were digital marketing opportunities, the study also found that risk of privacy and security, e-payment accessibility, limited usage of computer technology, high cost of internet, frequent power disruption and lack of awareness are the challenging factors of digital marketing in Somali region. The findings also show the existence of positive attitude toward digital marketing in the study area. The study also witnesses that the current condition of digital marketing activities in Somali region is poor. The study shows that security and privacy, infrastructure, e-payment accessibility, and awareness have direct impact on digital marketing performance in Somali regional state. The study recommends improvement of government infrastructures, developing of e-payment systems and creation of awareness toward digital marketing
Changing trends and characteristics of peptic ulcer disease: A multicenter study from 2010 to 2019 in Korea
Authors: Choi Yoon Jin , Kim Tae Jun , Bang Chang Seok , Lee Yong Kang , Lee Moon Won , Nam Su Youn , Shin Woon Geon , Seo Seung In
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

The clinical trend and characteristics of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) have not fully been investigated in the past decade.

AIM

To evaluate the changing trends and characteristics of PUD according to age and etiology.

METHODS

We analyzed seven hospital databases converted into the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership-Common Data Model between 2010 and 2019. We classified patients with PUD who underwent rapid urease tests or Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) serology into three groups: H. pylori -related, drug [nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or aspirin]-related, and idiopathic (H. pylori /NSAID/aspirin-negative) PUD and compared the yearly trends and characteristics among the three groups.

RESULTS

We included 26785 patients in 7 databases, and the proportion of old age (≥ 65 years) was 38.8%. The overall number of PUD exhibited no decrease, whereas PUD in old age revealed an increasing trend (P = 0.01 for trend). Of the 19601 patients, 41.8% had H. pylori -related, 36.1% had drug-related, and 22.1% had idiopathic PUD. H. pylori -related PUD exhibited a decreasing trend after 2014 (P = 0.01), drug-related PUD demonstrated an increasing trend (P = 0.04), and idiopathic PUD showed an increasing trend in the old-age group (P = 0.01) during 10 years. Patients with drug-related PUD had significantly more comorbidities and concomitant ulcerogenic drugs. The idiopathic PUD group had a significantly higher number of patients with chronic liver disease.

CONCLUSION

With the aging population increase, the effects of concomitant ulcerogenic drugs and preventive strategies should be investigated in drug-induced PUD. Further studies are required to clarify the relationship between idiopathic PUD and chronic liver disease.
WandaVision through the Sitcoms: A Study of the Series’ Narrative Construction
Authors: Sánchez-Asenjo Ana
Published: November 2023

Marvel series WandaVision has been acclaimed for its outstanding rendition of classical sitcoms. It has been considered a homage to this genre. More accurately, the references to certain sitcoms have been deemed Wanda Maximoff’s trauma response to the loss of her partner, Vision. The present paper takes a step further by exploring the contribution of sitcoms to the series’ storytelling. In order to contextualize the parallelisms of WandaVision to some classical sitcoms, it will be helpful to provide an outline of the characteristics of the genre and specific features that matched the preoccupations of American society through the decades. Subsequently, each episode of the show will be analyzed, paying attention to diegetic and non-diegetic elements, the plot, personnel, world-building, cinematography, and mise en scène. The different choices in each case recall the ideals behind particular sitcoms while accounting for the evolution of the genre and portraying the changes in the American culture. All these allusions and echoes are key for conveying Wanda’s personal story.
THE IMPORTANCE OF INTERNATIONAL LEGAL COOPERATION OF CENTRAL ASIAN STATES IN THE FIELD OF ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION IN THE ARAL SEA REGION
Authors:   Phd, Docent, Doctoral Student University Of World Economy And Diplomacy Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Gulimov Amanlik B.
Published: November 2023

In the article, the author analyzes the importance of international legal cooperation of Central Asian states in the field of ecology and environmental protection in the Aral Sea region, and considers the issue of using the term Central Asia in research. The author believes that this terminology has deep traditions and its use simplifies the process of scientific study of the region. There is an argument that that international legal cooperation in this region in the field of ecology and environmental protection will have a positive impact on the process of maintaining and strengthening mutual trust and stability in this continent of the earth’s planet.
EXTREMIST ACTIVITY AND ITS HISTORICAL, SCIENTIFIC-THEORETICAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Scientific Secretary Of The Mia Academy Doctor Of Philosophy In Law (Phd), Associate Professor(Dotsent), Uzbekistan, Allayarovna Nurumbetova Sadokat
Published: November 2023

The article provides an overview and summary of extremist activity and its history. It emphasizes the periodic criteria for the origin of extremism, interprets the historical stages of their activities. The consequences of extremist activity are also discussed, followed by radicalization and the reasons for joining extremist groups. Then the main events and groups of various extremist movements are considered. The discussion examines the problematic aspects of identifying and combating extremism and the problems of recommendation proposals. The conclusion summarizes the main points and states that understanding the roots and evolution of extremism is important in developing effective prevention and countermeasures.
MODERN METHODS IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING METHODOLOGY
Authors:   Andijan State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, Mannapovna G‘Ofurova Gulmirahon
Published: November 2023

Foreign language teaching has evolved significantly over the years, with educators constantly seeking innovative and effective methods to enhance language acquisition. This article explores the modern approaches utilized in foreign language teaching methodology, with a focus on the use of transition words, active voice, diverse sentence structures, and effective paragraph organization.
ANALYSIS OF SYNTACTIC FIGURES IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
Authors:   Asia International University Department Of History And Philology, Uzbekistan, Zaynitdinovna Tasheva Nafisa
Published: November 2023

This article analyses the connection between syntax and morphology. It also deals with analysis of syntactic figures in the English language, types of syntactic figures and their analysis. The importance of understanding types and ways of correct connecting words in English syntax.
FEATURES OF PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT BY REGION IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Senior Lecturer, Department Of Economics, Andijan Mechanical Engineering Institute Uzbekistan, Akhmadkhonovna Sattikulova Gulnora
Published: November 2023

The article describes the development of industrial production in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Statistical data on the development of this sector in recent years isprovided. The factors influencing the development of production are studied and proposals are made to improve the efficiency of industry.
UZBEKISTAN'S ENDEAVORS TO COMBAT POVERTY AND BOOST ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Senior Lecturer, Department Of Social Sciences, Tashkent Medical Academy, Uzbekistan, Sultanova Khalida T.
Published: November 2023

This article explores the efforts undertaken by Uzbekistan to reduce poverty and stimulate economic development. Through the implementation of the Development Strategy for 2017-2021, Uzbekistan has focused on diversifying its economy, investing in human capital, and promoting rural development. The results have been promising, with a decline in poverty rates, increased employment opportunities, and improved access to education and healthcare. The country's emphasis on economic diversification, international collaborations, and targeted policies has contributed to a more resilient and inclusive economy. However, challenges remain, and continued efforts are necessary to ensure sustained poverty reduction and long-term economic growth in Uzbekistan.
SPECIAL CHOICES FOR THE TREATMENT OF COMPLICATIONS OF THE SOFT TISSUE INJURIES OF THE FACIAL REGION
Authors:   Assistent At The Department Of Surgery, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, Abdurakhmonov Farkhod Rakhmonovich , Rakhimov Nodir Makhammatkulovich ,   Associate Professor, Department Of Oncological Diseases, Samarkand Medical University, Uzbekistan, Abdurakhmonova Feruza Farkhodovna ,   Student At The Dentistry Faculty, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
Published: November 2023

Despite the progress achieved in the field of reconstructive surgery in recent years, the treatment of complex defects and deformations caused by facial injuries remains problematic. The purpose of the study. Prevention of complications of joint injuries of the face-jaw area and development of comprehensive rehabilitation measures. As a result of observations, complications occurred mainly due to patients' late referral to the hospital. They showed that the results of complex treatment were effective, but only 3% of patients showed that the results of treatment were unsatisfactory for some reasons.
DIFFERENTIAL APPROACH TO THE TREATMENT OF NEUROTIC DEPRESSION IN MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors:   Tashkent Medical Academy, Uzbekistan, Sadikova S.I.
Published: November 2023

The article presents a study of methods for correcting psycho-emotional disorders during myocardial infarction. namely, the most characteristic subjective and objective symptoms of the psycho-emotional sphere are revealed, data on the effectiveness of the selected psychotherapy in combination with SSRIs are presented.
DEVELOPMENT OF LEGISLATION PROVIDING FOR CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR SMUGGLING
Authors:   Doctor Of Philosophy In Law (Phd), Independent Researcher, Tashkent State University Of Law, Uzbekistan, Ermashev Jengis Maratovich
Published: November 2023

This article examines the development of legislation that provides for criminal liability for smuggling. It focuses on issues such as the first stages of the fight against smuggling in the history of the world, the introduction of the customs service to fight against smuggling in the territory of our country, and the determination of liability for smuggling in the codified criminal law. In particular, "smuggling" as a crime appeared in the 14th century, when capitalism was forming, commodity-money relations were developing rapidly, and countries found it unprofitable to import and export goods without obstacles. Also, this article provides a comparative analysis of the issue of liability for smuggling in the criminal laws of 1926, 1959 and 1994. The need and importance of improving the norms of the criminal law in the relevant periods has been revealed.
Wireline log stratigraphy of the lower Cambrian Læså Formation, Bornholm, Denmark.
Authors:   Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, Nielsen Arne Thorshøj , Klitten Kurt ,   Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Copenhagen, Denmark
Published: November 2023

A detailed correlation of the lower Cambrian Læså Formation on southern Bornholm, Denmark, is based on gamma ray and formation resistivity wireline logs from 25 water supply wells and 5 scientific boreholes. The interpretation hinges on comparison with the wireline log suite obtained in the fully cored Borggård-1 borehole that penetrated the formation in its entirety. The Norretorp Member, 102.9 m thick in Borggård-1, consists predominantly of intensively bioturbated siltstone. Several levels are strongly glauconitic and usually also contain phosphorite nodules. Fine-grained sandstone beds, 0.5–20 cm thick and interpreted as tempestites, occur throughout the unit; a few thicker sandstone layers consist of stacked tempestites. However, many sandstone beds, primarily in the upper 2/3 of the member, have been partly or totally obliterated by the pervasive bioturbation. The overlying Rispebjerg Member, 3.5 m thick in Borggård-1, is dominated by well-cemented medium to coarse-grained quartz sandstone. The variable lithology of the Læså Formation is illustrated by photos of core samples from Borggård-1. The studied wells are located on different fault blocks with 18 km between the easternmost and westernmost well sites. The Norretorp Member is of almost similar thickness throughout the study area whereas the Rispebjerg Member is 2.2–5.6 m thick. The essentially unchanging thickness of the Læså Formation and the sheet like distribution of tempestites demonstrate that the intense faulting of southern Bornholm post-dates deposition. The Norretorp Member is divided into a lower log-unit (57 m thick in Borggård-1) characterized by a moderately variable gamma ray log pattern and an upper log-unit (46 m thick in Borggård-1) exhibiting a more uniform gamma radiation of overall lower intensity. The log-units reflect a more common occurrence of glauconite and phosphorite in the lower part of the member and a higher sand content in the upper part. These lithological differences are also reflected by a generally higher resistivity and P-wave velocity in the upper log-unit. Seven thicker sandstone horizons (15–80 cm thick), labelled S1 to S7, are laterally persistent within the Norretorp Member. Four additional horizons, referred to as MGL [multiple gamma low], MGH [multiple gamma high], MM [middle marker] and GH [gamma high], are also laterally widespread. A readily identifiable red-brown horizon is located at 4.4–5.9 m above the base of the Læså Formation in Borggård-1: it appears to be developed throughout the study area.
Strategy for Acquisition of Islamic Religious Knowledge for Islamic University Students in the Industrial Era 4.0 in the City of Palu, Indonesia
Authors: Askar Askar , Pettalongi Adawiyah
Published: November 2023

This research proposal is entitled "Strategies for Acquiring Islamic Religious Knowledge for Islamic and General University Students in the Industry Era of 4.0". This research aims to determine the Strategy for Acquiring Islamic Religious Knowledge for Islamic Higher Education Students in Industrial Era 4.0 in Palu City. This research aims to assess the emergence of new strategies for students to acquire their knowledge. This research uses a mixture of qualitative and quantitative methods where data is collected using survey techniques, direct observation, in-depth interviews, and written document analysis. This research was conducted at Datokarama State Islamic University, Palu. This research shows that students in this information technology era have changed their paradigm in accessing knowledge. They have used online learning sources more intensively to gain understanding. If teachers and classrooms were the only sources of learning in the past, online learning resources have become a new source of knowledge. In other words, the function of educators and other conventional learning sources has been eroded. Thus, online media and online facilities have become a new source of learning today. Because this research shows that online learning resources have become new learning sources, it is recommended that educational institutions develop online learning facilities and resources as a new alternative for students to study. Lecturers should no longer be used as the primary source of knowledge, but other alternative learning sources are needed.
COMPARISON OF ANALYSIS METHODS FOR CURCUMIN DETERMINATION: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Japar Sodik Jajang , Dinata Deden Indra , Kusriani R. Herni , Jafar Garnadi
Published: November 2023

Curcuminoids such as curcumin, demethoxycurcumin (DMC), and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) are the major bioactive components found in Curcuma species, including turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Curcumin is a polyphenol that is used as an antioxidant. Various analytical methods have been developed for the detection of curcumin, each with its advantages and limitations. Selection of an appropriate analytical method is crucial for obtaining accurate results. Although critical reviews on the chemical, biological, and pharmacological properties of curcumin are widely available, reviews specifically focusing on the different analytical methods for curcumin are limited. This review article aims to provide an overview of several analytical methods for the determination of curcumin. This is expected to encourage readers to choose a suitable analytical method for their specific needs. The articles used in this review were sourced from international English-language publications obtained from Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The search was performed using keywords such as "Instrumental analysis of curcumin" and "Analytical techniques for curcumin analysis." The results reveal that spectrophotometric methods are simple techniques used to estimate curcumin content; however, their utility is limited to cases where the concentration of each curcuminoid is not a critical quality parameter. Accurate quantification and detection of trace amounts of curcuminoids and metabolites require the use of chromatographic separation methods combined with mass spectrometry detection (LC-MS/MS) because of their high accuracy, reproducibility, and sensitivity with low limits of detection (LOD) and lower limits of quantification (LLOQ).
Keywords: Analytical methods, Curcumin, Determination
Using RAPD-PCR to Determine the Genetic Stability of Dianthus Chinesis in Vitro Treated with the Chemical Mutagenic Ethyl Methyl Sulfonate EMS
Authors: Jayed Ghufran Adnan , Alsugmiany Rafea Zaidan Mukhlif , Ghanim Nadhim Salim
Published: November 2023

This study was conducted in the Molecular Biology Lab. and the Central Lab. at the University of Tikrit on 1/29/2023 for the purpose of determining the genetic stability of the Dianthus chinesis after cultivating it in vitro using 3 RAPD primers, which are OPA-02, OPD-10, OPD- 18, As 9 samples were used in the study, the first is a field sample of this plant that was not treated with EMS (was considered as a control sample) and the remaining samples (4 callus samples and 4 tissue branches samples) were treated with concentrations of (0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6)% of EMS, after a month, DNA was extracted, RAPD reactions were performed for the primers used ,as it was shown through the results that there was a genetic variation in the genetic material of the Dianthus chinesis in the recognition sites of the used primers, as it was not only affected by EMS, but by its cultivation in vitro.
Penerapan Firewall di Router OS Mikrotik Pada Aplikasi E-Rapor
Authors: Hairun Aditya Nugraha , Katili Muhammad Rifai , Takdir Rahman
Published: November 2023

The e-Rapor is an additional app/tool for teachers and educational units to report student learning outcomes to submit to students’ parents or guardians. However, the apps remain to show weakness in the application at SMA Negeri 1 Gorontalo, particularly about network security where Denial of Service (DoS) attacks, which will cause an increase in resources on the server, thereby increasing the load on the e-Rapor. This research aimed to apply a firewall on the Mikrotik OS Router to anticipate DoS attacks. The development process employed the Network Development Life Cycle (NDLC) method, a process approach in data communication that describes the initial and final cycles of building a computer network. This research result indicates that the firewall in the quarantine router OS mikrotik can do IP address to DoS on e-Rapor in 80-90% of applications.

Aplikasi e-Rapor merupakan opsi alat bantu bagi guru dan satuan pendidikan melakukan pelaporan hasil belajar peserta didik untuk disampaikan kepada orang tua atau wali murid. Namun dalam penerapannya di SMA Negeri 1 Gorontalo aplikasi e-Rapor masih terdapat kekurangan yakni pada keamanan jaringan yaitu serangan berupa Denial of Service (DoS) yang akan menyebabkan bertambahnya resource pada server sehingga meningkatkan beban terhadap server aplikasi e-Rapor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan penerapan firewall yang terdapat di router OS Mikrotik guna mengantisipasi serangan DoS. Proses pengembangan menggunakan metode Network Development Life Cycle (NDLC). NDLC adalah salah satu pendekatan proses dalam komunikasi data yang menggambarkan siklus yang awal dan akhirnya dalam membangun sebuah jaringan komputer. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa firewall yang terdapat pada Router OS Mikrotik dapat melakukan karantina terhadap IP address yang melakukan DoS pada aplikasi e-Rapor sebesar 80-90%.
Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Tracer Doc Surat Masuk dengan Framework Scrum
Authors: Yassir Muhammad , Jamada Gafur , Suhada Sitti
Published: November 2023

Mail management is essential for an organization. In fact, managing incoming mail in the Regional Secretariat of Bone County still uses manual methods. This study aims to build an incoming mail management information system application at the Regional Secretariat of Bone Regency. For this purpose, this research uses Scrum, an Agile software development method. The stages of the Scrum model used include Product Backlog, Sprint Backlog, Sprint, and Working Increment of Software. This method is suitable for managing projects practically. The application is designed to provide a variety of menus and features that allow organizations to handle incoming mail efficiently, including identity input and mail upload, disposition, tracer doc, and mail archiving. The app has gone through black box testing to ensure that all features work as intended. The results showed that the developed application allows easier management of incoming mail, filing and disposition of correspondence, and real-time tracking of mail positions.

Pengelolaan surat merupakan hal yang penting bagi sebuah organisasi. Faktanya, pengelolaan surat masuk di Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Bone masih menggunakan cara manual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun sebuah aplikasi sistem informasi pengelolaan surat masuk di Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Bone. Untuk tujuan tersebut penelitian ini menggunakan Scrum, yang merupakan metode pengembangan software Agile. Tahapan metode Scrum yang digunakan mencakup Product Backlog, Sprint Backlog, Sprint, dan Working Increment of Software. Metode ini cocok untuk mengelola proyek secara praktis. Aplikasi dirancang untuk menyediakan berbagai menu dan fitur yang memungkinkan pihak organisasi untuk mengelola surat masuk secara efisien, termasuk input identitas dan unggah surat, disposisi, dan tracer doc, serta pengarsipan surat. Aplikasi telah melalui pengujian black box untuk memastikan bahwa semua fitur berfungsi sebagaimana mestinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keberadaan aplikasi sistem yang dikembangkan memungkinkan pengelolaan surat masuk, pengarsipan, dan disposisi surat yang lebih mudah, serta pelacakan posisi surat secara real-time.
Effect of Tensile Stress on Self-Magnetic Leakage Field in Carbon Steel Pipe Material
Authors: Nur Akmal Hakim Jasni  , Mohamed Azlan Suhot  , Mohd Hisham Abu Bakar  , Aishah Mastura Supian
Published: November 2023

Metal magnetic memory (MMM) technique is a promising non-destructive technology for determining the state of material deformation and structural defect in carbon steel pipe by measuring the self-magnetic leakage field (SMLF). The relationship between SMLF and stress concentration of cracked specimens has been extensively researched, but little is known about corrosion defects in carbon steel pipes, such as circular holes. A static tensile test and MMM measurement were performed on the ASTM A106 Gr. B steel to investigate its applicability in predicting material deformation state and structural defect. The tensile load makes the distribution of self-magnetic leakage field, SMLF intensities in the elastic stage regular. In the defect zone of defective specimens, a peak-trough in the SMLF intensity in the tangential component, Hp(x), and a peak in the normal component, Hp(y), were observed. As yield approached, the SMLF intensities remained unchanged. During plastic deformation, dislocation slip and dislocation interaction rarely change the SMLF intensities and its gradient. The SMLF intensities and its gradient rise as the tensile load approach its ultimate strength. The distribution of SMLF intensities show a peak feature in the Hp(x), and a peak-trough in the Hp(y) as the specimen fractures. Variations in the magnetic and stress fields of carbon steel pipe are caused by structural defect. As a result, the SMLF intensity varies. The method described in this study can be applied to MMM technique to detect material deformation states and defect formation in ASTM A106 Gr. B steel at low cost and with minimal equipment.
Exploring the Feasibility of Utilizing Palm Tree Texture for a Self-Cleaning Architectural Design of Building Envelopes
Authors: Ho Yee Shin  , Nuzaihan Aras Agus Salim  , Rahman Zakaria  , Ahmad Sanusi Hassan  , Norsafiah Norazman
Published: November 2023

The passion of self-cleaning potential on palm tree species contributing to building envelope design maintenance through biomimetic architecture is the notion of this exploration. The greediness of property investors that are more concerned on building design to strive the sustainability rather than the maintenance strategic on their building. However, the uniqueness on building shapes and patterns of this envelope confronts with main complications on surface maintenance in associates with pollution such as air-bone, water-bone and grease-born pollution that also trap in air moisture. Furthermore, the selection of material is the important fragment in building envelope cleanliness to design the sustainable maintenance. In conjunction, the palm tree foreseen as self-cleaning building envelope that has the potential to develop the resilience maintenance based on its characteristics. Therefore, the exploration on surface and texture of selected specimen of palm tree is main contributor to this research in finding the self-cleaning characteristics on building envelope materials. The selective specimen will be monitored under Light-microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) based on environmental experiment. The outcome of this exploration will discover the nature mechanism through its nature course and develop the self-cleaning conceptual on building envelop materials to overcome the problems in every building envelope design.
Validation Calibration Factor of Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography for Iodine-131 using Non-Spherical Targeted Volume
Authors: Mohd Akmal Masud  , Mohd Zamani Ngali  , Siti Amira Othman  , Ishkrizat Taib  , Kahar Osman  , Salihatun Md Salleh  , Ahmad Zahran Md. Khudzari  , Nor Salita Ali  , Anucha Chaichana
Published: November 2023

Absolute quantification of Iodine-131 (131I) on Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) imaging is extremely necessary for the lesion dose per administrative differentiated thyroid cancer procedure. However, non-quantitative SPECT imaging makes determining the dose required for a tumour to be treated is challenging. This multi-vendor and multi-centre research uses phantom measures to assess the quantitative accuracy and inter-system variability of various SPECT/CT systems. Hence, this study aims to determine the calibration factor (CF) for 131I activity quantification using the National Electrical Manufacturer Association (NEMA) phantom uptake for the Philips BrightView XCT modality. The accuracy activity concentration for a non-spherical targeted volume is less than 15% compared to a spherical targeted volume (<9%). Furthermore, the CF has no significant difference in the value between the matrix sizes of 64×64, 128×128, and 256×256. Therefore, the gamma camera CF must be precisely determined to convert the reconstructed images' counts into activity values for quantitative imaging. However, the NEMA phantom with spherical geometrical is the standard tool for determining CF, the various geometrical shapes other than spherical should be considered for determining CF because the effect of photon distribution contribution is different for any different lesion geometrical.
Anxiety And Depression Among Medical Students During Covid-19 Pandemic In Faisalabad
Authors: Din Mohi ud , Naveed Hafiz Usama , Tauseef Maryam , Javed Maham , Sarfraz Sana , Waheed Jahanzaib
Published: November 2023

Objectives: To find out the frequency of anxiety and depression among medical students during the Covid-19 pandemic and to study their relationship with socio-demographic factors.
Methodology: Analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on medical students of various medical institutions in Faisalabad and their consent was taken beforehand. The study duration was 2 months (August to September 2021). Ethical approval was taken. The questionnaire was distributed online through google forms on social media platforms to all MBBS students of a medical college and the total number of responses received was 452. Non-probability purposive sampling was done.  The inclusion criteria were those students who gave consent and filled out the questionnaire and the exclusion criteria were those who didn't concede. A validated and structured questionnaire was used. The questionnaire consisted of four sections: demographic data; COVID-19-related attitudes and practising preventive behaviours, generalized anxiety disorder scale – 7 (GAD-7) to determine anxiety among medical students and patient health questionnaire – 9 (PHQ-9) to determine depression.
Results: Most of the students i.e. 132 (29.2) were having mild anxiety, followed by minimal, moderate and severe anxiety. Similar scores were observed in PHQ-9 results which showed mostly students were having mild depression i.e. 127 (28.1) followed by minimal, moderate, moderately severe and severe depression respectively. Average GAD-7 score was 8.73 (M = 8.73; SD = 5.78); average PHQ-9 score was 10.78 (M = 10; SD = 7.1). Significant relationship was found between gender (p = 0.00), year of study (p = 0.039), suffered Covid-19 in present or past (p = 0.00), afraid of getting Covid-19 (p=0.001) with anxiety and gender (p = 0.00), suffered Covid-19 in present or past (p=0.001) and afraid of getting Covid-19 infection (p=0.001) with depression.
Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of medical students suffering from anxiety and depression during Covid-19. The students in the age group above 21 years, females, year of study (4th year) and afraid of getting Covid-19 infection were at higher risk of psychological distress in a pandemic. It is important to find ways to alleviate the pressure and fear of college students, provide them with more social support, and help them adapt to the changes in their learning styles and lifestyle.