bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Site-specific adjustment framework for incremental dynamic analysis (SAF-IDA)
Authors: Zhong Kuanshi , Chandramohan Reagan , Baker Jack W , Deierlein Gregory G
Published: March 2022

The widely used incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) offers attractive efficiencies to organize and conduct nonlinear dynamic structural analyses under earthquake ground motions. However, its use of a fixed ground motion set limits its ability to resolve ground motion characteristics that vary based on location and intensity. To overcome this limitation and utilize IDA in site-specific seismic risk analysis, a new method is proposed, called the site-specific adjustment framework for incremental dynamic analysis (SAF-IDA), which involves two modifications to conventional IDA. The first is a process to select input ground motions for the IDA over a distributed grid of ground motion characteristics that influence structural response. The second is a post-processing procedure to develop a surrogate model from the raw IDA data to adjust the structural response results based on site- and intensity-specific ground motion hazard parameters. The proposed SAF-IDA method is illustrated in case study analyses of archetype building structures and validated through comparison with analysis results based on more computationally intensive multiple stripe analysis (MSA), which employs site-specific selection of ground motions for each intensity level.
The regional cycle network of Sardinia: upgrading the accessibility of rural areas through a comprehensive island-wide cycle network
Authors: Scappini Beatrice , Zucca Veronica , Meloni Italo , Piras Francesco
Published: March 2022

Context

Cycling is a climate-friendly means of transport that enables people to reduce their use of motorized transport and makes human settlements more inclusive and resilient. In Italy, the development of cycling has recently been boosted by the approval of Law no. 2/2018, which makes it compulsory for all Italian regions to draw up a regional cycling mobility plan.

Objective

To meet this regulatory provision, the Region of Sardinia approved the Regional Plan for Cycling Mobility in December 2018. Drawn up by the Sardinian Regional Transport Agency and the transportation research group of the University of Cagliari, the plan aims to lay out a regional cycle network to promote the use of the bicycle as a means of transport for both every day and tourist–recreational needs. One of the main objectives of the plan is to make the inland areas of the island more accessible, as the development of such areas tends to have been neglected compared to the coastal areas linked to seaside tourism. Hence, the plan intends to contribute to the increase of tourist flows into rural areas, which can be a strategic segment of local development.

Results

By analysing the methodology adopted to lay out Sardinia’s regional cycle network, the aim of the current paper is to show how the planning of an integrated cycle network in an island context can improve sustainable mobility and accessibility in the rural areas through which it passes. Furthermore, our analysis indicates that many rural settlements along the routes of the planned cycle network are sufficiently near each other for people to travel between them by bicycle.

Conclusions

Therefore, the cycling infrastructure could prompt a sustainable increase in the accessibility and connectivity of inland areas and stimulate the formation of clusters of small, interconnected towns and villages.
Widely targeted analysis of metabolomic changes of Cucumis sativus induced by cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus
Authors: Zhang Zelong , He Haifang , Yan Minghui , Zhao Chenchen , Lei Caiyan , Li Jingjing , Yan Fengming
Published: March 2022

Background

Plant metabolites play vital roles in regulating the behavior of herbivore insects. Virus infection can universally alter plant metabolites to manipulate the orientation and feeding behaviors of insect vector, to favor the transmission of virus. Thus, determining the differentially accumulated metabolites of plant upon virus infection could provide insights into understanding how the triple interactions among plant, virus and insect vector happens. Our previous studies have found that vector whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) showed different orientation behavior and performance on CCYV-infected and healthy cucumber plants. Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV) is exclusively transmitted by B. tabaci in a semi-persistent mode. In this study, we take the CCYV, B. tabaci and cucumber as a research system to explore the functions of phyto-metabolites in the triple interactions.

Results

A total of 612 metabolites changed upon CCYV infection were monitored. Metabolites mainly enriched in flavonoids, lipids, nucleotides and their derivatives. At 7 days post CCYV inoculation (dpi), the contents of lipids, terpenoids and flavonoids remarkably decreased, while amino acids, nucleotides and their derivatives notably up-accumulated. At 15 dpi, the accumulation of flavonoids were still significantly reduced upon CCYV infection, while lipids, amino acids, nucleotides and derivatives were remarkably enhanced. Most of significantly increased metabolites were lipids (lysophosphatidylethanolamine, LPE; lysophosphatidylcholine, LPC and their isomers). Also, the number of significantly changed metabolites increased with the infection period. However, only a few organic acids and phenolic acids showed difference between CCYV-infected and healthy cucumber plants.

Conclusions

CCYV infection repressed the defensive flavonoids, terpeneoids metabolism but triggered the lipids, amino acids and nucleotides metabolism with the inoculation period. This result suggests that CCYV-infection makes cucumber plants more susceptible for whiteflies attack and CCYV infection. The reduction of defensive comounds and the increase of amino acids may be partially responsible for enhancing feeding preference of whiteflies to CCYV-infected hosts. CCYV may hijacked lipid metabolism for virus replication and assembly.
Nomogram for predicting risk factor of urosepsis in patients with diabetes after percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Authors: Gu Jie , Liu Jun , Hong Yang , Feng Yi , Huang Xiaobo
Published: March 2022

Background

Urosepsis is an infectious complication after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). This study aimed to analyze the perioperative factors related to urosepsis after PCNL for upper urinary calculi and establish a nomogram to predict the probability of postoperative urosepsis based on the risk factors.

Methods

The Clinical data of one-stage PCNL for upper urinary stones in patients already diagnosed with type 2 diabetes between June 2010 and June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether urosepsis occurred after surgery, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses evaluated the risk factors for urosepsis. Moreover, the corresponding nomogram prediction model was determined by the regression coefficient.

Results

All 366 patients with diabetes underwent one-stage PCNL. Seventy-one (19.4%) patients had urosepsis after surgery, and their hospitalization time was longer than that of patients without urosepsis. Moreover, the incidence of non-infection-related complications was higher. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed four independent risk factors associated with postoperative urosepsis, including positive urine nitrite (odds ratio [OR] = 3.326, P = 0.007), positive urine culture (OR = 2.213, P = 0.023), intraoperative hypotension (OR = 8.968, P < 0.001), and staghorn calculi (OR = 3.180, P = 0.002). The above independent risk factors were used as variables to construct the nomogram. The nomogram model was internally validated. The calculated concordance index was 0.824. The Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test was performed (P = 0.972 > 0.05). The area under the curve of this model was 0.831, indicating that the nomogram model had good accuracy in predicting the probability of urosepsis in patients who underwent PCNL with diabetes and had good consistency with the actual risk.

Conclusion

Positive urine culture, positive urine nitrite, staghorn calculi, and intraoperative hypotension were independent risk factors for urosepsis in patients who underwent one-stage PCNL with diabetes. The new nomogram could accurately assess the risk of urosepsis after PCNL in patients with diabetes.
Subthalamic nucleus-deep brain stimulation improves autonomic dysfunctions in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Zhang Feng , Wang Feng , Li Cong-Hui , Wang Ji-Wei , Han Chun-Lei , Fan Shi-Ying , Gao Dong-Mei , Xing Yu-Jing , Yang Chen , Zhang Jian-Guo , Meng Fan-Gang
Published: March 2022

Background

To study the effects of subthalamic nucleus-deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) on autonomic dysfunctions in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients.

Methods

A total of 57 PD patients who underwent bilateral STN-DBS from March to December 2018, were retrospectively analyzed. Preplanned assessments at baseline and postoperatively at 1, 3, and 6 months also included the Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease-Autonomic questionnaire (SCOPA-Aut), the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) III score, levodopa equivalent day dose (LEDD), Parkinson’s Disease Quality of Life Scale (PDQ-39), the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD).

Results

The SCOPA-Aut scores improved significantly [14.59% (18.32%), 24.00% (27.05%), 22.16% (27.07%), all P < 0.001] at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months of STN-DBS, respectively. Analysis of the SCOPA-Aut sub-items showed significant improvements only in urine and thermoregulation sub-items at 6 months after surgery (P < 0.001). There was no significant correlation between improvements of SCOPA-Aut scores and improvements of PDQ-39 scores (P > 0.05) at 6 months after surgery. SCOPA-Aut scores were positively correlated with age (r = 0.428, P = 0.001); the improvements of SCCOPA-Aut scores were positively correlated with improvements of HAMA and HAMD scores (HAMA: r = 0.325, P = 0.015; HAMD: r = 0.265, P = 0.049) at 6 months after surgery.

Conclusion

STN-DBS improved autonomic dysfunction symptoms of PD patients, and urinary and thermoregulatory sub-items of autonomic dysfunction were improved in the short-term after surgery. There was a close relationship between improved autonomic symptoms and improved anxiety and depression 6 months after surgery. We should therefore direct more attention to autonomic dysfunctions in PD involving detailed preoperative evaluations and postoperative follow-ups, to improve the quality of life of patients.
The impact of assisted reproductive technology in twin pregnancies complicated by intrahepatic cholestasis: a five-year retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Qianwen , Xu Yu , Gong Yunhui , Liu Xinghui
Published: March 2022

Background

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is one of the common complications during pregnancy, and ursodeoxycholic acid has been recommended as the first-line drug. However, if the assisted reproductive technology may increase adverse perinatal outcomes of twin pregnancies complicated by intrahepatic cholestasis is disputed, we aimed to investigate perinatal outcomes between twin pregnancies by assisted reproductive technology versus spontaneous conception, based on these women accepted ursodeoxycholic acid treatment.

Methods

From January 2014 to January 2019, we retrospectively analysed the clinical data of twin pregnant women with intrahepatic cholestasis, excluding those who did not receive ursodeoxycholic acid treatment. In total, 864 women were included, among whom 500 conceived by assisted reproductive technology and 364 conceived by spontaneous conception. The primary assessment for perinatal outcomes included premature birth, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, low Apgar score, neonatal intensive care unit and still birth, and secondary indicators were serum bile acid and liver enzymes level during medication, so we also finished subgroup analysis based on different elevated bile acid level and drug usage. The statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 22.0.

Results

The study demonstrated that compared to spontaneous conception, assisted reproductive technology conceived twin pregnancies diagnosed as intrahepatic cholestasis earlier (p = 0.003), and lower birth weight (p = 0.001), less incidence of preterm delivery (p = 0.000) and neonatal intensive care unit admission (p = 0.001), but the rate of meconium-stained amniotic fluid, low Apgar score and still birth have no statistic differences. Moreover, the subgroup analysis showed no significant difference in elevated bile acid levels and medication between assisted reproductive technology and spontaneous conception groups.

Conclusions

The assisted reproductive technology may increase the risk of early-onset intrahepatic cholestasis in twin pregnancies, but it does not seem to increase adverse effects on bile acid levels and perinatal outcomes. Regardless of ursodeoxycholic acid used alone or combination, the effect of bile acid reduction and improving perinatal outcomes in twin pregnancies is limited. Our conclusions still need more prospective randomized controlled studies to confirm.
A preliminary study on the diagnostic value of PSADR, DPC and TSRP in the distinction of prostatitis and prostate cancer
Authors: He Minxin , Wang Li , Wang Hong , Liu Fang , Li Mingrui , Chong Tie , Xue Li
Published: March 2022

Background

The purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of differential diagnosis of prostate specific antigen decline rate (PSADR) per week, degree of prostatic collapse (DPC) and tissue signal rate of prostate (TSRP) between prostatitis and prostate cancer.

Methods

The clinical data of 92 patients [prostate specific antigen (PSA) > 10 ng/mL] who underwent prostate biopsy in the Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi ’an Jiaotong University from May 2017 to April 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. They were divided into two groups, prostatitis group (n = 42) and prostate cancer (PCa) group (n = 50), according to pathological results. Parameters, like patient characteristics, PSADR, DPC, TSRP and infectious indicators, were compared and analyzed by t test or non-parametric test to identify if there were significant differences. The thresholds of parameters were determined by the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), and the data were analyzed to investigate the diagnostic value in distinguishing of prostatitis and prostate cancer.

Results

There were statistical differences in age, PSADR, DPC, TSRP, neutrophil percentage in serum, white blood cell (WBC) in urine and prostate volume between prostatitis group and PCa group (P < 0.001, < 0.001, = 0.001, 0.001, 0.024, 0.014, < 0.001 respectively). There was no statistical difference in serum WBC count, serum neutrophil count, monocyte percentage and urine bacterial count between two groups (P = 0.089, 0.087, 0.248, 0.119, respectively). Determined by ROC curve, when the thresholds of PSADR per week as 3.175 ng/mL/week, DPC as 1.113, TSRP as 2.708 were cutoffs of distinguishing prostatitis and prostate cancer. When combining these three indexes to diagnose, the accuracy rate of diagnosis of prostatitis was 78.85%, the accuracy rate of diagnosis of prostate cancer was 97.50%. Univariate analysis suggested that PSADR, DPC and TSRP played an important role in differentiating prostate cancer from prostatitis (P < 0.05), multivariate analysis suggested PSADR > 3.175 might be good indicators when distinguishing prostate disease with prostatitis (OR = 14.305, 95%CI = 3.779 ~ 54.147), while DPC > 1.113 and TSRP > 2.708 might be associated with a higher risk of prostate cancer (OR = 0.151, 95%CI = 0.039 ~ 0.588; OR = 0.012, 95%CI = 0.005 ~ 0.524, respectively).

Conclusion

The combination of PSADR per week, DPC, and TSRP might be helpful to distinguish prostate cancer and prostatitis, and can reduce unnecessary invasive and histological procedure.
Transcriptome analysis reveals the prognostic and immune infiltration characteristics of glycolysis and hypoxia in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Liu Jun , Lu Jianjun , Li Wenli
Published: March 2022

Background

This study aims to construct a new prognostic gene signature in survival prediction and risk stratification for patients with Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Method

The transcriptome profiling data and hallmark gene sets in the Molecular Signatures Database was used to explore the cancer hallmarks most relevant to the prognosis of HNSCC patients. Differential gene expression analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis, univariate COX regression analysis, random forest algorithm and multiple combinatorial screening were used to construct the prognostic gene signature. The predictive ability of gene signature was verified in the TCGA HNSCC cohort as the training set and the GEO HNSCC cohorts (GSE41613 and GSE42743) as the validation sets, respectively. Moreover, the correlations between risk scores and immune infiltration patterns, as well as risk scores and genomic changes were explored.

Results

A total of 3391 differentially expressed genes in HNSCC were screened. Glycolysis and hypoxia were screened as the main risk factors for OS in HNSCC. Using univariate Cox analysis, 97 prognostic candidates were identified (P < 0.05). Top 10 important genes were then screened out by random forest. Using multiple combinatorial screening, a combination with less genes and more significant P value was used to construct the prognostic gene signature (RNF144A, STC1, P4HA1, FMNL3, ANO1, BASP1, MME, PLEKHG2 and DKK1). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that patients with higher risk scores had worse overall survival (p < 0.001). The ROC curve showed that the risk score had a good predictive efficiency (AUC > 0.66). Subsequently, the predictive ability of the risk score was verified in the validation sets. Moreover, the two-factor survival analysis combining the cancer hallmarks and risk scores suggested that HNSCC patients with the high hypoxia or glycolysis & high risk-score showed the worst prognosis. Besides, a nomogram based on the nine-gene signature was established for clinical practice. Furthermore, the risk score was significantly related to tumor immune infiltration profiles and genome changes.

Conclusion

This nine-gene signature associated with glycolysis and hypoxia can not only be used for prognosis prediction and risk stratification, but also may be a potential therapeutic target for patients with HNSCC.
From emotional intelligence to suicidality: a mediation analysis in patients with borderline personality disorder
Authors: Khosravi Mohsen , Hassani Fahimeh
Published: March 2022

Background

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a serious mental illness with a high suicidality rate between 40 and 85%. However, little is known concerning psychosocial risk and protective factors associated with suicidal behaviors in this clinical group. The main focus of the present study was on examining the relationship of emotional intelligence (EI) with suicidal behaviors and its mediators (e.g., depression, self-esteem, addiction potential, and disorder severity) among patients with BPD.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, a total of 220 participants (including 110 patients with BPD and 110 healthy controls) in Zahedan, Iran, were examined using clinical interviewing and self-report measures of EI, suicidal behaviors, depression, self-esteem, addiction potential, and BPD symptom severity. The data were analyzed using SPSS v25.0 software at the significance level of p < 0.05.

Results

Our preliminary analysis showed higher levels of EI, depression, and self-esteem in the BPD group in comparison to healthy controls (p < 0.001). Furthermore, our findings showed that higher levels of addiction potential, BPD symptom severity, and depression and lower levels of self-esteem and EI were likely to be related to suicidal behaviors of the BPD group. Our results also supported the overall hypothesis that addiction potential, depression, BPD symptom severity, and self-esteem had a mediating role in the impact of EI on suicidal behaviors in the BPD group.

Conclusions

According to these findings, we have come to believe that training EI possibly plays a directly and/or indirectly potential preventive and therapeutic role in suicidal behaviors among patients with BPD. However, further longitudinal studies must be carried out to clarify the cause and effect relationship between EI, depression, self-esteem, addiction potential, BPD symptom severity, and suicidal behaviors.
Trend in age at menarche and its association with body weight, body mass index and non-communicable disease prevalence in Indonesia: evidence from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS)
Authors: Asrullah Muhammad , L’Hoir Monique , Feskens Edith J. M. , Melse-Boonstra Alida
Published: March 2022

Background

In western countries, age at menarche (AAM) is nowadays lower than a century ago, coinciding with increased Body Mass Index (BMI) and prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCD). This study aimed to determine the time trend in AAM, and its association with BMI and NCD prevalence at later age, in Indonesia.

Methods

We used secondary data of 15,744 women aged 15–65 years from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) conducted in the period 1993 to 2015. Multiple linear regression was applied to determine the association of AAM with BMI, and Poisson regression with robust variance for investigating the association of AAM with NCD prevalence ratios. Models were adjusted for age, and effect modification by wealth status, living area, and region was investigated.

Results

AAM has significantly declined from 14.4 (SD:2.1) years of age in the 1940s to 13.4 y (SD:1.5) in the 1990s. AAM was inversely associated with BMI (β: − 0.30 kg/m2, 95%CI: − 0.37, − 0.22) and body weight (β: − 0.67 kg, 95%CI: − 0.75, − 0.54), but was not associated with height. After adjustment for age, AAM was not associated with NCD, i.e. hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, liver diseases, asthma, chronic lung diseases, cardiovascular diseases, stroke, cancer, or arthritis. Including BMI in the models did not change the results.

Conclusions

From the 1940s to 1990s, AAM has declined with 1 year in Indonesia. Women with earlier AAM had higher BMI and body weight at later age, but AAM was not associated with NCD prevalence in later life in the Indonesian population. Further longitudinal research is needed to disentangle the direction of causality of the associations.
Analysis of relationship between loading condition and cranial cracking pattern using a three-dimensional finite element model
Authors: Kiriyama Yoshimori , Sato Yudai , Muramatsu Yota , Mano Teppei , Tanaka Katsumasa , Oshio Kotaro
Published: March 2022

Background

A hairline crack on the cranium can occur even under a small external load or impact and are thus often observed in patients who have experienced an accidental fall or collision. Typical finite element analysis is useful to analyze the stress concentration or the propagation of stress waves. However, a stress propagation model does not accurately reproduce the features of hairline cracks on the cranium. The objective in this study was to reproduce cranial hairline cracks.

Methods

A three-dimensional finite element model of the cranial bone was developed from a patient CT images. The model consists of the frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal bones, and the bones are connected with the sutures. Additionally, the model comprised three layers; the external and internal tables and the diploe. The model was analyzed using the extended finite element method (X-FEM), and a forming limit diagram (FLD) was embedded in the model. In this study, the model was symmetrized bilaterally using the model developed from the left side of the skull. The FLD in this study was assumed to be a relationship between the maximum and minimum strains when a fracture occurs. A total of 13 typical loadings were applied to the model: loading points on the top, left, and back of the cranium were considered, and at each loading point, loads were applied with four or five different directions, namely perpendicular to the cranium and inclined in the anterior, posterior, superior, or inferior at an angle of 45∘.

Results

Under all loading conditions, many small cracks formed radially at the loading points. Moreover, some large cracks formed under the certain loading conditions. The crack shapes on the top and left side could be associated with the specific loading directions, whereas cracks on the back did not show distinguishing characteristics depending on the loading directions. The present model was reproduced anatomically and morphologically, and the results were similar to those obtained in previous cadaver experiments.

Conclusions

Through X-FEM analysis of the FE model embedded with an FLD, hairline cracks in the cranium were reproduced, and a few crack shapes were identified as potential markers for estimating the loading conditions.
Progress in germline stem cell transplantation in mammals and the potential usage
Authors: Zhang Wen , Nie Ruotian , Cai Yihui , Xie Wenhai , Zou Kang
Published: March 2022

Germline stem cells (GSCs) are germ cells with the capacities of self-renewal and differentiation into functional gametes, and are able to migrate to their niche and reconstitute the fertility of recipients after transplantation. Therefore, GSCs transplantation is a promising technique for fertility recovery in the clinic, protection of rare animals and livestock breeding. Though this novel technique faces tremendous challenges, numerous achievements have been made after several decades’ endeavor. This review summarizes the current knowledge of GSCs transplantation and its utilization in mammals, and discusses the application prospect in reproductive medicine and animal science.
A choice experiment assessment of stated early response to COVID-19 vaccines in the USA
Authors: Daziano Ricardo A.
Published: March 2022

Background

Using choice microdata (N=2723) across the USA, this paper analyzes elicited acceptance of hypothetical COVID-19 vaccines.

Methods

The hypothetical vaccines in a choice experiment were described in terms of effectiveness, days for antibodies to develop, duration of protection, risk of both mild and severe side effects, which health agency mainly supports the vaccine, country of origin, and when the vaccine was developed. Out-of-pocket cost was also considered as characteristic of the vaccines to derive welfare measures.

Results

All vaccine attributes had expected signs with significant estimates. Vaccines developed in the USA and the UK were preferred to a hypothetical German vaccine, whereas a Chinese origin was very negatively perceived. Since the choice scenarios also gave the option to opt out from taking the vaccine, odds ratios were derived to characterize the segments that are more and less likely to accept vaccination. More likely to opt out were found to be those who stated to be against vaccination in general, African Americans, individuals without health insurance, and older people. Males, democrats, those who took the flu vaccine appear as more willing to accept vaccination.

Conclusions

Estimates of the fitted choice models in this study are informative for current and future immunization programs.
Digital self-management interventions for osteoarthritis: a systematic scoping review of intervention characteristics, adherence and attrition
Authors: Patten Rhiannon K. , Tacey Alexander , Pile Rebecca , Parker Alexandra , De Gori Mary , Tran Phong , McKenna Michael J. , Lane Rebecca , Apostolopoulos Vasso , Said Catherine M. , Levinger Itamar , Woessner Mary N.
Published: March 2022

Background

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, progressive condition that can be effectively managed via conservative treatments including exercise, weight management and education. Offering these treatments contemporaneously and digitally may increase adherence and engagement due to the flexibility and cost-effectiveness of digital program delivery. The objective of this review was to summarise the characteristics of current digital self-management interventions for individuals with OA and synthesise adherence and attrition outcomes.

Methods

Electronic databases were searched for randomised controlled trials utilising digital self-management interventions in individuals with OA. Two reviewers independently screened the search results and extracted data relating to study characteristics, intervention characteristics, and adherence and dropout rates.

Results

Eleven studies were included in this review. Intervention length ranged from 6 weeks to 9 months. All interventions were designed for individuals with OA and mostwere multi-component and were constructed around physical activity. The reporting of intervention adherence varied greatly between studies and limited the ability to form conclusions regarding the impact of intervention characteristics. However, of the seven studies that quantified adherence, six reported adherence > 70%. Seven of the included studies reported attrition rates < 20%, with contact and support from researchers not appearing to influence adherence or attrition.

Conclusions

Holistic digital interventions designed for a targeted condition are a promising approach for promoting high adherence and reducing attrition. Future studies should explore how adherence of digital interventions compares to face-to-face interventions and determine potential influencers of adherence.
Telecommunications, productivity and regional dependence: a comparative analysis between the Brazil, China and main developed regions in the post-reform period
Authors: Betarelli Admir Antonio , Faria Weslem Rodrigues , Montenegro Rosa Livia Gonçalves , Perobelli Fernando Salgueiro , de Santana Ribeiro Luiz Carlos
Published: March 2022

In the last two decades, new technologies and the rapid growth of the telecommunications sector have changed production and trade relations in world economic systems. Regional dependence on the level of productivity, supply and demand of telecommunications has increased worldwide. Our study analyzes the changes in total factor productivity (TFP) of telecommunications and verifies its global and regional importance between 2000 and 2014. We apply the TFP decomposition and extraction technique in an input−output model. The main findings suggest improved efficiency has resulted in TFP gains in developed countries, whose variations were lower than those of Brazilian telecommunications, which exhibit a low capital—labor ratio. Moreover, global and regional dependence is more sensitive to supply than the demand for telecommunications. Although the main effects on the regional output are intraregional, the backward and forward effects denote a heavy regional reliance on USA telecommunications and reciprocity between China and European countries. The increase in telecommunications influenced by national policies in countries with little emphasis on regional composition should generate minor marginal gains in TFP, even with the gain in productive efficiency. These policies are also expected to reduce the dependence on American and Chinese telecommunications.
The ICD-11 classification of personality disorders: a European perspective on challenges and opportunities
Authors: Bach Bo , Kramer Ueli , Doering Stephan , di Giacomo Ester , Hutsebaut Joost , Kaera Andres , De Panfilis Chiara , Schmahl Christian , Swales Michaela , Taubner Svenja , Renneberg Babette
Published: March 2022

The 11th revision of the World Health Organization (WHO) International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) includes a fundamentally new approach to Personality Disorders (PD). ICD-11 is expected to be implemented first in European countries before other WHO member states. The present paper provides an overview of this new ICD-11 model including PD severity classification, trait domain specifiers, and the additional borderline pattern specifier. We discuss the perceived challenges and opportunities of using the ICD-11 approach with particular focus on its continuity and discontinuity with familiar PD categories such as avoidant PD and narcissistic PD. The advent of the ICD-11 PD classification involves major changes for health care workers, researchers, administrators, and service providers as well as patients and families involved. The anticipated challenges and opportunities are put forward in terms of specific unanswered questions. It is our hope that these questions will stimulate further research and discussion among researchers and clinicians in the coming years.
Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy–Induced Molecular Changes in Humans Validate Preclinical Data in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Dellinger Thanh H. , Han Ernest S. , Raoof Mustafa , Lee Byrne , Wu Xiwei , Cho Hyejin , He Ting-Fang , Lee Peter , Razavi Marianne , Liang Winnie S. , Schmolze Daniel , Priceman Saul J. , Lee Stephen , Lin Wei-Chien , Lin Jeff F. , Kebria Mehdi , Hakim Amy , Ruel Nora , Stewart Daphne B. , Wang Edward W. , Paz Benjamin I. , Wakabayashi Mark T. , Cristea Mihaela C. , Rodriguez-Rodriguez Lorna
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE

Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) confers a survival benefit in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and in preclinical models. However, the molecular changes induced by HIPEC have not been corroborated in humans.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

A feasibility trial evaluated clinical and safety outcomes of HIPEC with cisplatin during optimal cytoreductive surgery (CRS) in patients with EOC diagnosed with stage III, IV, or recurrent EOC. Pre- and post-HIPEC biopsies were comprehensively profiled with genomic and transcriptomic sequencing to identify mutational and RNAseq signatures correlating with response; the tumor microenvironment was profiled to identify potential immune biomarkers; and transcriptional signatures of tumors and normal samples before and after HIPEC were compared to investigate HIPEC-induced acute transcriptional changes.

RESULTS

Thirty-five patients had HIPEC at the time of optimal CRS; all patients had optimal CRS. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 24.7 months for primary patients and 22.4 for recurrent patients. There were no grade 4 or 5 adverse events. Anemia was the most common grade 3 adverse event (43%). Hierarchical cluster analyses identified distinct transcriptomic signatures of good versus poor responders to HIPEC correlating with a PFS of 29.9 versus 7.3 months, respectively. Among good responders, significant HIPEC-induced molecular changes included immune pathway upregulation and DNA repair pathway downregulation. Within cancer islands, % programmed cell death protein 1 expression in CD8+ T cells significantly increased after HIPEC. An exceptional responder (PFS 58 months) demonstrated the highest programmed cell death protein 1 increase. Heat shock proteins comprised the top differentially upregulated genes in HIPEC-treated tumors.

CONCLUSION

Distinct transcriptomic signatures identify responders to HIPEC, and preclinical model findings are confirmed for the first time in a human cohort.
PIK3CAMutations Drive Therapeutic Resistance in Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Rasti Aryana R. , Guimaraes-Young Amy , Datko Farrah , Borges Virginia F. , Aisner Dara L. , Shagisultanova Elena
Published: March 2022

The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is an intracellular pathway activated in response to progrowth signaling, such as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and other kinases. Abnormal activation of PI3K has long been recognized as one of the main oncogenic drivers in breast cancer, including HER2-positive (HER2+) subtype. Somatic activating mutations in the gene encoding PI3K alpha catalytic subunit ( PIK3CA) are present in approximately 30% of early-stage HER2+ tumors and drive therapeutic resistance to multiple HER2-targeted agents. Here, we review currently available agents targeting PI3K, discuss their potential role in HER2+ breast cancer, and provide an overview of ongoing trials of PI3K inhibitors in HER2+ disease. Additionally, we review the landscape of PIK3CA mutational testing and highlight the gaps in knowledge that could present potential barriers in the effective application of PI3K inhibitors for treatment of HER2+ breast cancer.
Perspectives and Experiences of Parents and Adolescents Who Participate in a Pediatric Precision Oncology Program: "When You Feel Helpless, This Kind of Thing Is Very Helpful"
Authors: Waldman Larissa , Hancock Kelly , Gallinger Bailey , Johnstone Brittney , Brunga Ledia , Malkin David , Barrera Maru , Villani Anita
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE

The SickKids Cancer Sequencing (KiCS) Program, launched in 2016, evaluates the clinical utility of paired tumor/germline Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) in pediatric oncology patients with hard-to-cure and rare cancers. In anticipation of further widespread adoption of NGS, we aimed to characterize the experiences and perspectives of adolescents and parents of patients who have already undergone NGS evaluation, focusing on the psychosocial impact and personal utility.

METHODS

Parents of patients with pediatric cancer and adolescent patients who have participated in KiCS were invited to participate in semistructured interviews. Transcripts were analyzed using an inductive content analytic approach.

RESULTS

Of 45 individuals invited, 22 parents and 10 adolescents were interviewed (71% response rate). Prominent psychosocial themes were low distress, relief, and sense of control; some expressed fear of the unknown. In exploring constructs of personal utility, parents highlighted hope for treatment options despite low expectations for results with clinical impact, whereas adolescents articulated altruistic motivations and less hope for personal clinical benefit. Bringing closure and answering the question of why the cancer occurred was a salient theme among both groups. Both parents and adolescents find benefit and clear decisional satisfaction with participation. No participants expressed regret.

CONCLUSION

This study suggests that parents and adolescents benefit from NGS evaluation beyond the return of clinically relevant results. Our findings lay the framework for future work evaluating the value of NGS in pediatric precision oncology care through assessment of patient-reported outcomes and experiences. These results also guide provision of pre- and post-test education and support, which will facilitate patient-centered delivery of NGS practices.
Diagnosis of post-myocardial infarction left ventricular rupture on CT
Authors: Lee Kimberley Yu San , Attri Pragya , Tamuno Peace I , Au Ee Lyn , Hochstein Barbara E
Published: March 2022

Myocardial rupture is often a catastrophic complication of acute myocardial infarction. Diagnosis can be challenging in the critically unwell patient. We present the case of a 70-year-old female who collapsed in the community with pulseless electrical activity, in cardiac arrest. She was transferred emergently to hospital where early resuscitation efforts were suggestive of a posterior myocardial infarct and severe blood loss. Point-of-care cardiac ultrasound demonstrated pericardial effusion but could not rule out aortic dissection. The patient underwent CT imaging with intravenous contrast which revealed left ventricular rupture secondary to the infarction. CT imaging can be a valuable diagnostic adjunct in patients with suspected post-infarction myocardial rupture.
Αναπροσαρμογή επιχειρηματικών πιστωτικών συμβάσεων λόγω της οικονομικής κρίσης
Authors: Ανδριανάτου Μαριέττα-Κυριακή
Published: March 2022

Η διατριβή εξετάζει την αναπροσαρμογή μίας επιχειρηματικής πιστωτικής σύμβασης, είτε αυτόνομα από τα ίδια τα συμβαλλόμενα μέρη είτε ετερόνομα από το δικαστήριο, κατ’ εφαρμογή της αρχής της καλής πίστης των άρθρων 288 και 388 ΑΚ και υπό την ειδικότερη συγκυρία της πρόσφατης οικονομικής κρίσης. Κεντρικό άξονα της μελέτης αποτελεί η ιδιαίτερη σχέση που αναπτύσσεται ανάμεσα στο τραπεζικό ίδρυμα και την πιστολήπτρια επιχείρηση, η οποία και υπαγορεύει την κατανομή των σχετιζόμενων με την παροχή της πίστωσης κινδύνων. Εξετάζεται αναλυτικά η ρύθμιση του τραπεζικού Κώδικα Δεοντολογίας του ν. 4224/2013, ως συγκεκριμενοποίηση των επιταγών της καλής πίστης στην περίπτωση των μη εξυπηρετούμενων τραπεζικών πιστώσεων. Περαιτέρω, εξετάζονται οι προϋποθέσεις εφαρμογής της ΑΚ 388, η οποία προκρίνεται ως κατ’ αρχήν μόνη εφαρμοστέα διάταξη προς δικαστική αναπροσαρμογή μίας πιστωτικής σύμβασης. Ιδιαίτερη έμφαση δίνεται στον απρόοπτο ή μη χαρακτήρα της οικονομικής κρίσης ως μεταβολής των συνθηκών, καθώς και στη σχέση μεταξύ παροχής και αντιπαροχής σε μία τραπεζική πίστωση, που κατά κανόνα χορηγείται με κυμαινόμενο επιτόκιο. Εξετάζονται τέλος τα όρια εντός των οποίων πρέπει να κινηθεί η δικαστική αναπροσαρμογή, με την αξιοποίηση της κατηγοριοποίησης λύσεων που γίνεται από τον Κώδικα Δεοντολογίας και με βασικό κριτήριο τη βιωσιμότητα της επιχείρησης, ενώ ειδική αναφορά γίνεται στην ΕφΘεσ 1663/2018, την πρώτη απόφαση ελληνικού δικαστηρίου που εφάρμοσε την ΑΚ 388 προς αναπροσαρμογή πιστωτικής σύμβασης.
The genome sequence of the Atlantic horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus 1758)
Authors: Genner Martin , Collins Rupert ,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: March 2022

We present a genome assembly from an individual Trachurus trachurus (the Atlantic horse mackerel; Chordata; Actinopteri; Carangiformes; Carangidae). The genome sequence is 801 megabases in span. The majority of the assembly, 98.68%, is scaffolded into 24 chromosomal pseudomolecules. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl has identified 25,797 protein coding genes.
Infografika. Multimodalny przekaźnik informacji w środowisku akademickim
Authors: Sierak Katarzyna
Published: March 2022

Infografiki stają się coraz popularniejsze. Korzyści płynące z ich stosowania dostrzegane są także w środowisku akademickim. Nauczyciele akademiccy chętnie sięgają po infografiki na platformie społecznościowej, jaką jest Facebook, przede wszystkim po to, aby komunikować się ze swoimi studentami w sprawach bieżących, ale także aby zachęcić do studiowania potencjalnych kandydatów. Takie wyjście naprzeciw panującym trendom wydaje się uzasadnione, ponieważ młodzież obecnie studiująca, wychowana w czasach cyfryzacji i przełomu technologicznego, poszukuje i oczekuje informacji przekazywanej w znany sobie sposób, tj. przede wszystkim za pośrednictwem sieci Internet. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest ukazanie, w jaki sposób kadra akademicka Wydziału Humanistycznego Uniwersytetu Warmińsko-Mazurskiego w Olsztynie komunikuje się ze swoimi studentami lub/i potencjalnymi kandydatami za pomocą infografik oraz jakie cele im w tym przyświecają.
More Accurate Knowledge Search in Technological Development for Robust Parameter Design
Authors: Oyama Kosuke , Ohkubo Masato , Nagata Yasushi
Published: March 2022

Purpose: The causality search Taguchi (CS-T) method was proposed to support system selection in a robust parameter design. However, the target of the analysis is likely to be quasi-experimental data. This can be difficult to analyse with the CS-T method. Therefore, this study proposes a new analysis approach that can perform a more accurate knowledge search by applying the instrumental variable.
Methodology/Approach: Using the CS-T method, appropriate knowledge search is difficult with quasi-experimental data, including endogeneity. We examined an analytical process that addresses the endogeneity between mechanism and output by utilizing the control and noise factors that constitute the mechanism as instrumental variables.
Findings: The results show that 1) the proposed method has sufficient practical accuracy, even for quasi-experimental data including endogeneity; and 2) the extracted mechanism is less likely to fluctuate depending on the number of experimental conditions used. Moreover, we can clarify the position of the CS-T and proposed methods in system selection.
Research Limitation/Implication: We perform estimation under the assumption that the threshold is known. However, the extracted mechanism may change depending on the threshold; this requires discussing how to determine them.
Originality/Value of paper: Technological development requires a high degree of engineer sophistication. However, this study’s analytical process allows conducting more accurate knowledge search in a realistic and systematic way without requiring a high level of engineer input.
Estratégias de reintegração ao trabalho após afastamentos por problemas de saúde mental em trabalhadores: uma revisão sistemática 2009-2019
Authors: Gallego Sebastián C. , Gamboa Ramírez Mario Alfonso
Published: March 2022

Diagnósticos relacionados à exposição de fatores de risco psicossocial na população de trabalhadores é um problema comum que afeta a produtividade das empresas. Atualmente existem poucas informações sobre metodologias para o retorno ao trabalho de um trabalhador com transtorno mental adquirido. O objetivo é descrever as metodologias existentes para a reintegração no trabalho após afastamentos causados por problemas de saúde mental dos trabalhadores, a fim de gerar diretrizes que possibilitem uma reintegração efetiva. Para o desenvolvimento desta revisão,foi utilizada a metodologia prisma, buscando artigos científicos publicados entre 2009 e 2019 em as bases de periódicos indexados MedLine, PubMed, lilacs, ProQuest, eCochrane Library, com foco em estudos de ensaios clínicos e revisões sistemáticas em espanhol e inglês. Selecionamos 48 artigos para estabelecer resultados em relação aos transtornos entais que geram afastamento do trabalho. Identificamos seis categorias, de acordo com o Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais (dsm-v, por sua sigla em inglês), bem como a descrição e efetividade das intervençõesrealizadas. Observamos dez intervenções e fatores facilitadores classificados em seis categorias que norteiam as orientações para o processo de retorno ao trabalho (rl). As terapias cognitivo-comportamentais presenciais ou on-line são a melhor alternativa no desenvolvimento de programas de rl para trabalhadores com algum tipo de afetação de saúde mental. A psicoeducação como única intervenção não é recomendada, no entanto, se evidencia a sua eficácia como ferramenta que integra outros tipos de intervenções.
Some Philosophical Questions to Understand the Role of Arbitrators through the Notion of Fair and Equitable Treatment
Authors: Echeverri Javier
Published: March 2022

This Article explores the contributions that philosophical debates can make to understanding the role of arbitrators and international adjudicators in investment disciplines. To do so, the article surveys a series of decisions and discussions in the doctrine and arbitration award concerning the standard of fair an equitable treatment.