bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Niveles de vitamina B12: asociación con anemia, creatinina y transaminasas. Estudio de asociación cruzada
Authors: Moreno Moreno Lizet Paola , Pérez Jaramillo Luz Eugenia
Published: September 2024

Introducción: los niveles de vitamina B12 pueden variar debido a comorbilidades como enfermedades renales y hepáticas, lo que puede resultar en mediciones que no reflejan adecuadamente la deficiencia o elevación de esta vitamina. Esto afecta la precisión de los rangos de referencia y la verdadera prevalencia de sus alteraciones. Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de alteraciones en los niveles de vitamina B12 y su asociación con anemia, niveles de creatinina y transaminasas en una pobla- ción colombiana. Métodos: estudio de asociación cruza- da. Se analizaron pacientes con medicio- nes de vitamina B12 en Bogotá, Medellín, Cali y Barranquilla pertenecientes a una entidad de servicios de salud en Colombia durante el año 2017. Se evaluó la relación entre los niveles de vitamina B12 y la pre- sencia de anemia y los niveles de creatini- na y transaminasas. Resultados: se incluyeron a 24.897 pa- cientes. La prevalencia de deficiencia de vitamina B12 fue del 2,60 % y 3,30 % según los rangos de referencia del laboratorio y la literatura, respectivamente. El 11,86 % de los pacientes presentaba niveles eleva- dos de vitamina B12. La anemia macrocítica no fue frecuente en la deficiencia de vita- mina B12. Se observó mayor proporción de pacientes con niveles elevados de creati- nina y transaminasas entre aquellos con niveles altos de vitamina B12. Conclusiones: la prevalencia de defi- ciencia de vitamina B12 fue baja compara- da con otras poblaciones. No se encontró asociación con la presencia de macroci- tosis. Se observaron niveles elevados de vitamina B12 en pacientes con alteraciones en la creatinina y las transaminasas, lo que indica una posible elevación espuria.
Micronutrientes en pacientes críticos adultos: revisión de alcance sobre la suplementación parenteral
Authors: Perales Pascual Judit , López Pérez Ana , López Pérez Maria
Published: September 2024

Introducción: se estima que la prevalencia de desnutrición entre los pacientes hospitalizados es de un 30,00 %-50,00 %. Objetivo: analizar la evidencia publicada sobre el aporte necesario de micronutrien- tes y calcio en pacientes críticos adultos. Métodos: entre enero y noviembre del 2023 se realizó una búsqueda en las dis- tintas bases de datos de la literatura cien- tífica sin imponer limitaciones estrictas. Se revisaron mayoritariamente metaanálisis, ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y revisiones sistemáticas. Resultados: la administración de sele- nio se correlacionó con la gravedad de la sepsis, pero no se puede establecer una recomendación. Se sugiere que las dosis de zinc de las soluciones de oligoelemen- tos son deficientes y su aporte se relaciona con una menor mortalidad hospitalaria. El suministro de calcio puede mejorar la supervivencia a 28 días, y su déficit se asoció a una mayor mortalidad; sin embargo, si la hipocalcemia es leve o asintomática, no se recomienda la suplementación. Del mis- mo modo, los resultados obtenidos con respecto a las vitaminas analizadas (C, D, E) indican que no se puede recomendar la suplementación. Conclusiones: el aporte de bajas dosis de oligoelementos y vitaminas es seguro y está justificado. Con respecto a las vita- minas E y D, y al selenio y el zinc, existen estudios contradictorios, no se establecen recomendaciones precisas en pacientes con requerimientos aumentados. La administración de vitamina C a altas dosis no parece presentar ningún efecto clínico significativo en pacientes sépticos. Ninguna guía recomienda suplementar una hipo- calcemia leve.
Primary Biliary Cholangitis in Men: A Case Report
Authors: Haij K. , Azzam N. El , Goujdami N. , Lairani F. , Nacir O. , Errami A. Ait , Oubaha S. , Samlani Z. , Krati K.
Published: September 2024

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a rare chronic autoimmune liver disease, especially in men, that causes progressive inflammation and destruction of the intrahepatic bile ducts. This leads to hepatic fibrosis that can progress to cirrhosis. PBC diagnosis is suggested by cholestatic jaundice in the absence of abnormalities in intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts, with alkaline phosphatases (ALP) > 1.5 times the upper limit of normal and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) > 3 times the upper limit of normal, with or without elevated bilirubin levels. Confirmation is made through immunological tests, and liver biopsy (PBH) is necessary if tests are negative. The disease is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Poor prognostic factors include early diagnosis, male gender, severe symptoms, and biological abnormalities such as elevated bilirubin levels. Specific autoantibodies, such as anti-gp210 and anti-sp100, also predict unfavorable disease progression. The first-line treatment is ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), which helps slow disease progression and improve symptoms. If UDCA is ineffective, other options include obeticholic acid (OCA) or fibrates like bezafibrate, often used in combination with UDCA. Liver transplantation is the only curative treatment for severe cases. Research is ongoing for new treatments, including PPAR agonists and bile acid transporter inhibitors.
Efficacy and Outcomes of Selective Nerve Root Blocks in Diagnosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kamal Dr. Md. Nadim , Shakoor Prof. Dr. M.A. , Chowdhury Dr. Ziaur Rahman , Azad Dr. Abul Kalam , Rahman Dr. Nadia
Published: September 2024

Background: Selective nerve root blocks or transforaminal epidural injections are commonly utilized for both diagnosing and treating various spinal disorders, such as radiculopathy or nerve compression. However, there is currently no clear consensus on their role as a diagnostic tool. The effectiveness of these injections in accurately diagnosing the underlying cause of spinal pain remains uncertain, as studies show mixed results regarding their diagnostic reliability. While these injections can provide temporary pain relief and may help identify the specific nerve root involved, their long-term diagnostic value is still a topic of debate. A systematic review of clinical studies was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of selective nerve root injections for diagnosing spinal pain. Methodological quality was assessed using the PRISMA guidelines. Studies were categorized based on the strength of evidence into five levels: problem identification, literature searching, data review and evaluation, data synthesis and analysis or data presentation. Studies were categorized based on the strength of evidence into five levels: conclusive, strong, moderate, limited, or indeterminate. The review included an extensive literature search across multiple databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar and EMBASE. There is limited evidence regarding the effectiveness of selective nerve root injections as a diagnostic tool for spinal pain. Although the research is insufficient to provide stronger support, the existing literature suggests that selective nerve root injections can be useful in diagnosing uncertain cases of radicular pain. Moderate evidence supports their use in preoperative evaluations, particularly when imaging studies are negative or inconclusive. While the positive predictive value of these injections is low, they are valuable for their negative predictive value, meaning they are more effective in ruling out conditions than in confirming them.
Anesthesia-related Complications in General Surgery: Strategies for Prevention and Management
Authors: Nabi Dr. Mahmud-Un- , Anwar Dr. A.H.M Mostak , Ahmed Dr. Taj Uddin , zaman Dr. Md. Sumsuz , Ara Dr. Ismot , Begum Dr. Monowara
Published: September 2024

Background: Anesthesia-related complications in general surgery remain a significant concern despite advances in anesthetic techniques. These complications can lead to increased morbidity and mortality if not effectively managed. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence, prevention, and management of anesthesia-related complications in a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 60 patients who underwent general surgery at the Department of Anesthesia, Analgesia, and Intensive Care Medicine, BSMMU, Dhaka, from 2022 to 2023. Demographic data, anesthesia-related complications, preventive measures, and management strategies were recorded and analyzed. Results: Cardiovascular complications were the most common, with hypotension in 11.7% and arrhythmias in 6.7% of patients. Respiratory complications, including hypoxemia and bronchospasm, occurred in 13.3% and 5% of cases, respectively. Neurological complications, such as postoperative delirium, were observed in 10% of patients. Preventive strategies, including fluid preloading, bronchodilators, and antiemetic prophylaxis, were effective in reducing the incidence of complications. All cases of hypotension, hypoxemia, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and arrhythmias were successfully managed with standard interventions, achieving a 100% success rate. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that anesthesia-related complications can be effectively managed through vigilant perioperative care and established management protocols. Cardiovascular and respiratory complications were the most common, and prompt interventions such as fluid resuscitation, oxygen therapy, and pharmacological treatment ensured favorable outcomes. Future studies with larger sample sizes and multicenter settings are recommended to further validate these findings and optimize anesthesia practices in diverse healthcare environments.
The Role of Cloud Computing in Shaping Network Security: Implications for Organizational Behavior
Authors: Dr. Ashutosh Sharma
Published: September 2024

Cloud computing is currently provided consumer or business IT support via social media or by using the internet. Cloud computing on the other hand, is increasing the level of the network security risk due to the services are basically presented by a third party. This results in hard to control the privacy and data security. In addition, to maintain the service availability and support data collections. Cloud computing clouts several technologies such as virtualization, SOA, and Web 2.0, it is also claimed their security risk matters. In this paper, the most serious and important risks and threats of cloud computing are discussed. The main vulnerability is identifying through a review of the published works on the cloud computing environment with possible solutions to overcome these threats and risks.
Improving Delivery App User Experience with Tailored Search Features
Authors: Archit Joshi  , Murali Mohana Krishna Dandu  , Vanitha Sivasankaran  , A Renuka  , Om Goel
Published: September 2024

In an increasingly digital world, enhancing user experience for delivery applications has become a critical factor for success. This paper explores the impact of tailored search features on improving user experience within delivery apps. Traditional search functionalities often fall short by providing generic results that may not align with users' specific preferences or needs. Tailored search features, driven by personalized algorithms and user behaviour analysis, offer a more refined approach to search results. By leveraging data analytics, machine learning, and user profiling, these features can significantly enhance the relevance and accuracy of search outcomes. This study examines various strategies for implementing tailored search functionalities, such as context-aware search, predictive search, and user-specific recommendations. The research highlights how these features contribute to a more intuitive and satisfying user experience, thereby increasing user engagement and retention. Furthermore, the paper discusses the challenges associated with developing and integrating these advanced search features, including data privacy concerns and algorithmic biases. The findings suggest that while tailored search features can greatly improve user satisfaction and operational efficiency, careful consideration must be given to ethical implications and user consent. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive overview of how tailored search features can transform the delivery
Leveraging Data Analysis Tools for Enhanced Project Decision Making
Authors: Vanitha Sivasankaran Balasubramaniam  , Rahul Arulkumaran  , Nishit Agarwal  , Anshika Aggarwal  , Prof.(Dr) Punit Goel
Published: September 2024

In today’s rapidly evolving business environment, leveraging data analysis tools has become essential for enhanced project decision-making. This paper explores how advanced data analysis tools contribute to more informed and strategic project management decisions. By harnessing the power of data analytics, organizations can gain deeper insights into project performance, identify trends, and predict potential risks with greater accuracy. The integration of sophisticated data analysis tools enables project managers to analyse large datasets, uncover hidden patterns, and make data-driven decisions that significantly improve project outcomes.
The paper examines various data analysis tools, including statistical software, machine learning algorithms, and visualization platforms, highlighting their role in optimizing decision-making processes. It discusses the benefits of these tools, such as enhanced forecasting capabilities, improved risk management, and the ability to make real-time adjustments based on evolving project dynamics. Additionally, the paper addresses the challenges associated with implementing data analysis tools, such as data quality issues, the need for skilled personnel, and the integration of diverse data sources.
Through case studies and practical examples, the paper demonstrates how organizations have successfully utilized data analysis tools to achieve better project results. It emphasizes the importance of a strategic approach to data analysis, where tools are not only employed to process data but are also integrated into the decision-making framework to drive project success. The findings suggest that embracing data analysis tools is crucial for organizations seeking to enhance their project management practices and achieve a competitive edge in the market.
The Impact of Tuberculosis on People Living With HIV: Scoping Review
Authors: Hulu Victor Trismanjaya , Ginting Rapael , Manalu Putranto , Samosir Frans Judea , Hartono  , Siregar Santy Deasy , Siagian Masryna , Zendrato Victorwan Novri , Sihotang Widya Yanti
Published: September 2024

Background:Tuberculosis (TB) patients with HIV/AIDS experience higher mortality rates, lower cure rates, and poorer treatment adherence compared to TB patients without HIV. As a result, TB can exacerbate HIV progression and lead to increased mortality. This study aims to investigate and summarize the determinants of TB incidence among people living with HIV/AIDS.

Objective:This study employs a scoping review approach to explore the key factors associated with TB occurrence in HIV/AIDS patients.

Methods:A literature search was conducted across indexed databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Crossref. Studies published between 2013 and 2021 were selected based on article titles, study design, population, intervention, and results. Fourteen relevant articles were included. Data were processed by identifying key sentences relevant to the coding framework, highlighting important findings, and organizing a narrative review framework. Qualitative data analysis was performed using NVIVO-12 Plus, with data presentation and report compilation.

Results:The study identifies age, gender, education and knowledge level, nutritional status, use of antiretroviral therapy (ART), and cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) cell count as the dominant factors influencing TB incidence among people living with HIV/AIDS.

Conclusion:HIV infection weakens the immune system by attacking lymphocytes, leaving individuals with HIV/AIDS highly susceptible to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

Keywords:tuberculosis; HIV; AIDS; ART; CD4
Evaluation Of the Emergency Severity Index Triage For Improving Emergency Room Services Quality In Indonesian Hospital
Authors: Ramli Hasnah , Erfina Erfina , Rini Rachmawaty
Published: September 2024

Background:Effective prioritization is crucial in delivering high-quality emergency medical services, although it is often lacking.
Objective:This study aims to evaluate the application of triage based on the Emergency Severity Index (ESI) in improving the quality of emergency departments in hospitals in Indonesia.
Methods:An accidental sample of 100 emergency room patients was selected. Patient satisfaction was measured using questionnaires, while infrastructure, support facilities, and the triage process were assessed through direct observation.
Results:The evaluation found that nurse staffing levels did not meet standards and were inadequate to meet patient needs. Triage facilities and infrastructure at both hospitals met established standards. The triage process, conducted on 100 respondents by 30 nurses, revealed that the majority of patients were categorized as ESI level 3, comprising 82 (82%) respondents. There was an excessive use of triage resources beyond projections, and patient placement did not always adhere to standards, although the average response time was within the accepted range. Patient satisfaction was evaluated across five dimensions; the most satisfying dimensions were assurance and empathy, with 90% of respondents rating thempositively, while the tangibles dimension received the lowest satisfaction rating at 84%. The correlation between the application of ESI triage and patient satisfaction was not statistically significant (p-value = 0.101, higher than 0.05).
Conclusion:It is recommended that hospitals increase the number and competence of nursing staff in emergency departments to ensure response times and patient placement align with ESI triage standards, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of triage implementation.
Keywords:emergency severity index triage; quality of care; emergency department
The Role of Surrendering to God in Reducing Work-Related Stress Among Office Workers
Authors: Amran Yuli , Lestari Shalsa Pebi
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background:Work-related stress is a common mental health concern among office workers. Surrendering to God during work activities may help prevent or reduce the risk of work-related stress.
Objectives:This study aims to examine the correlation between surrendering to God and work-related stress among office workers at the Head Office of Company X.
Methods:A cross-sectional study design was used in this research. A total of 149 respondents were selected through simple random sampling.
Results:The study found that 24.5% of workers experience work-related stress. It also revealed that higher levels of surrendering to God as measured by dimensions such as effort (ikhtiar), patience, gratitude, acceptance of fate, and faith in God are significantly correlated with lower levels of work-related stress among office workers.
Conclusion:It is crucial to promote and enhance the practice of surrendering to God in work environments to help prevent work-related stress among office workers. Organizing training to improve employees' emotional and spiritual management capacities is vital for maintaining their mental health.
Keywords:surrendering to god; work-related stress; office workers
Evaluation of Home Healthcare Services By Service Providers and Users
Authors: KÜÇÜK Yavuz Selim , Şahin Bayram
Published: September 2024

Background: On May 15, 2017, the Turkish Ministry of Health transferred the coordination and delivery of home healthcare services from primary healthcare facilities to hospitals.
Objective:This study aims to find out what the patients, their families, and home healthcare providers think about this organizational change that has been made to the service delivery process.
Methods: In the quantitative research, the survey created using the results of qualitative research was administered to 396 individuals, comprising 322 patients or their relatives and 74 medical staff members. The survey's reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, its validity was assessed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and the t-test was used to test the hypotheses.
Results: Following the transfer of home health service delivery and coordination from primary healthcare institutions to hospitals, it was found that visit frequency-satisfaction, equity, monitoring-evaluation, and socio-economic support were the dimensions in which patients and their relatives participated more than healthcare personnel. However, compared to patients or patient relatives, healthcare personnel participate more in the areas of access to services, personnel-financial support, and private sector-security support.
Conclusions: According to these findings, it is noteworthy that both groups have a much higher level of participation in issues that directly concern them. Thus, it is believed that improving the problems that clients and staff find objectionable will enhance home health services.
Keywords: Home care; healthcare providers; healthcare users; primary healthcare; hospitals
Factors Related to Compliance with HBsAg Screening Among Pregnant Mothers in Bengkulu Province
Authors: Sofais Danur Azissah Roesliana , Suyanto Jipri , Rustandi Handi , Susanty Sri
Published: September 2024

Background:The low number of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) screenings indicates that the people of Bengkulu Province have a limited understanding of the importance of such examinations. In Bengkulu, 1.61% of pregnant women, or approximately 47.550 individuals, are positive for hepatitis B infection. This is partly due to the low rate of HBsAg screening among pregnant women.
Objective:To determine the prevalence of HBsAg screening compliance among pregnant women and the factors influencing it.
Method:This research utilized a cross-sectional study design. A multistage random sampling method was used to select 488 pregnant women from nine districts and one city in Bengkulu Province. Data analysis was performed using multiple logistic regression.
Results:The findings showed a non-compliance rate for the HBsAg test of 77.87% (95% CI: 73.95-81.34). Factors associated with non-compliance included maternal perception (adjusted OR: 7.01, 95% CI: 3.62–13.57), quality of life (adjusted OR: 6.19, 95% CI: 2.98–12.88), husband's support (adjusted OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.11–4.18), and health worker support (adjusted OR: 3.68, 95% CI: 1.91–7.08).
Conclusion:It is crucial for pregnant women to increase their awareness of the importance of HBsAg screening, supported by their husbands, with additional counseling on the negative impacts of hepatitis B during pregnancy. Cultural perceptions should be addressed to foster more positive attitudes. Enhanced collaboration between health service providers, traditional or community leaders, and the public is necessary to improve overall public health outcomes.
Keywords: HBsAg screening compliance; health literacy; quality of life; perception; husband support; health worker support
Structured Training Program About Breast Self Examination Toward Awareness and Behavior Among Women in Bengkulu City, Indonesia
Authors: Jipri Suyanto  , Sianipar Berlian Kando , Danur Azissah Roeliana Sofais  , Santhna Letchmi Panduragan
Published: September 2024

Background:Indonesia, an emerging country, faces a substantial mortality rate due to breast cancer. This high mortality rate is largely attributed to a lack of knowledge and health literacy among women, which limits their ability to independently seek and understand relevant health information. As a result, a significant proportion of breast cancer patients are only informed that their cancer is in an advanced stage during health assessments, often due to worsening health conditions. Breast cancer carries a significant risk of mortality.
Objective:The aim of this study was to examine the influence of a structured training program on breast self-examination (BSE) on women's awareness and behavior.
Methods:This study employed a two-group quasi-experimental design involving women aged 26 to 35 over a period of 4 months. Awareness and behavior were assessed before and after receiving organized training. A self-designed questionnaire was utilized, which was validated for its reliability. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. A total of 250 participants were included, with 125 in the intervention group and 125 in the control group. An unpaired group comparison test of awareness and behavior data was performed using the Mann-Whitney test to evaluate the differences between the control and treatment groups after the intervention.
Results:The mean ± standard deviation of awareness in the control group was 45.12 ± 15.830 before the intervention and 47.96 ± 16.754 after. The mean score for post-intervention awareness in the control group was 13.67. The mean rank for awareness in the intervention group increased from 64.69 before the intervention to 45.87 after. The average rank for behavior in the control group increased from pre-control to post-control, reaching 31.80, while the behavior in the intervention group increased from pre-control to post-control, reaching 45.87.
Conclusion:The results revealed a significant difference between the control group and the intervention group. A structured training program can effectively improve awareness and behavior related to routine breast self-examinations.
Keywords: structured training program; breast self-examination; awareness; behavior
Autocorrelation Spatial Based on Specific Nutritional Interventions Achievement with Stunting Cases in Toddlers at Kendari City Using Local Indicator of Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA) Method
Authors: Pertiwi Tria Saras , Nurmalasari Mieke , Qomarania Witri Zuama , Supryatno Adi , Saputra Alief Imran , Salim Agus
Published: September 2024

Background:Stunting is a priority target both globally and in Indonesia. There are 10 provinces in Indonesia that are the main focus of the stunting reduction program, one of which is Southeast Sulawesi Province. Kendari City, located in Southeast Sulawesi, has experienced an increase in stunting incidence over the past three years. However, progress in reducing stunting in Kendari City has not been evenly distributed across its regions and sub-regions, with significant disparities in stunting rates between different sub-districts.
Objective:To determine the spatial autocorrelation based on the achievement of specific nutritional interventions for toddlers and the incidence of stunting in Kendari City using the Local Indicator of Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA).
Method:This quantitative study used the Local Indicator of Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA) method. The data on stunting incidence consisted of the number of stunting cases among toddlers in 2023 across 11 sub-districts in Kendari City. The sub-districts analyzed were Abeli, Baruga, Kadia, Kambu, Kendari, West Kendari, Mandonga, Nambo, Poasia, Puuwatu, and Wua-Wua. The study was conducted from November 2023 to May 2024 in Kendari City. A local autocorrelation test with LISA was performed to determine the spatial relationships among the sub-districts based on the research variables, with results displayed in the form of Moran's scatterplot, cluster map, and significance map.
Results:The results of Moran's local bivariate test (LISA) indicated that the majority of sub-districts, particularly Kambu, exhibited significant positive autocorrelation with neighboring sub-districts and fell into the cold-spot category. This indicates that the number of specific nutritional intervention programs for toddlers and the cases of stunting in toddlers in 2023 were low in Kambu and its surrounding sub-districts, which also had similarly low values.
Conclusion:There is spatial autocorrelation among the sub-districts in Kendari City. Although the cases of stunting in the Kambu sub-district are low, the achievement of intervention programs should remain optimal, as cases still exist in the area. Additionally, since Kambu has a spatial correlation with its neighboring areas, the government should target these areas for appropriate interventions to accelerate stunting reduction, particularly in Kendari City.
Keywords:Spatial Autocorrelation; LISA; Specific Nutrition Interventions; Stunting Toddlers
Religious-Based Peer Education in Preeclampsia Prevention: Social Cognitive Theory and Information, Motivation, Behavioral Skill Model Approach to Improve Preeclampsia Preventive Behavior in Indonesia
Authors: Rahmawati  , Murti Bhisma , Widyaningsih Vitri
Published: September 2024

Background:Preeclampsia is the second leading cause of maternal death, largely due to the failure to identify the condition early. Prevention behaviors for preeclampsia in pregnant women can be developed through the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) and the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) Model. Utilizing religious organizations with unique values and cultures to foster high levels of compliance, a Religious-Based Peer Education approach can optimize these preventive efforts.
Objective:This research aims to analyze the influence of knowledge, skills, motivation, observational learning, husband's support, and self-efficacy on the formation of preeclampsia prevention behaviors.
Methods:A non-equivalent pre- and post-test design was conducted in Bojonegoro district from August 2022 to February 2023. The sample consisted of 179 pregnant women in the intervention group and 168 in the control group. The intervention involved Religious-Based Peer Education, with peers being members of the Muslimat NU religious organization, while the control group received routine assistance from existing health cadres. Data were analyzed using path analysis.
Results:The mean scores for knowledge, skills, and behavior in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (13.81 vs. 12.34; 2.37 vs. 1.95; 30.33 vs. 28.19; p < 0.001). The strongest factors influencing the formation of preeclampsia prevention behavior were screening skills (b = 0.74, p = 0.010; 95% CI: 0.03–0.23) and self-efficacy (b = 0.36, p = 0.010; 95% CI: 0.23–0.48).
Conclusion:The SCT and IMB models, when applied through Religious-Based Peer Education, have proven effective in improving preeclampsia prevention behaviors. Ongoing training for peers and consistent support for pregnant women are essential to identify high-risk pregnancies and prevent maternal complications.
Keywords: social cognitive theory; information-motivation-behavioral skills model; preeclampsia; religious-based peer education; behavior
The Other Side of the Hill – Endeavouring to Define Intelligence in the 21st Century: A Perspective
Authors: Battersby John
Published: September 2024

This paper discusses not a definition but defining characteristics of intelligence, those it has inherited from the Cold War, and those which new conditions are forcing it to adapt to. Intelligence cannot be reduced to a simple sentence-length definition. Intelligence is iterative – its nature varies depending on the context in which it is produced. Its unconventional methods combined with its exclusivity of method and content makes intelligence information different from other sorts. These essential characteristics allow us to understand the relationship between different intelligence’s and between them and related concepts of ‘intelligence-adjacency’ as well as good old fashioned, but ever reliable, basic ‘research’. Intelligence has a wide ambit; it is not a discipline in itself, but something combining varying methods of information gathering and analysis to create ephemeral knowledge of genuine, but ephemeral, value – within the varying contexts in which it is used.
COMPARISON IN DNA BARCODING, GENE EXPRESSION AND CHEMICAL OF PUERARIA MIRIFICA PLANTS
Authors: Huynh Hue Thi Thu , Cao Thuy Thi Thu , Nguyen Canh Xuan , Nguyen Duong Thuy , Nguyen Ngoc Thi Bich , Cao Dunh Thi Thu , Pham Oanh Thi Kieu , Nguyen Giang Van
Published: September 2024

The Pueraria mirifica plant is used as a precious material in healthcare and herbal supplement production as it is rich in phytoestrogen content. The wide cultivation gradually directs to the differences among cultivars based on their local original planting region. Besides variation in morphology, P. mirifica plants are different in phytoestrogen content. With barcoding markers located on nuclear and chloroplast, our phylogenetic analysis proved that using the group of matK, rpoC, rps16, and trnH-psbA concatenated sequences provides better discriminating power than using a single marker of common P. mirifica cultivars. Only the maximum likelihood tree based on marker combination separate P. mirifica plants from other members of the Pueraria family and separated tribes in the Fabaceae family. In addition, daidzein, genistin, and puerarin contents were recorded from the tuber of all cultivars. These results showed that some are potential cultivars for extracting phytoestrogens from the tuber. Among the five varieties studied, NA has the highest content of Daidzein and Puerarin, and TLBYT has the most difference in the sequences of rps16 and trnH-psbA and the lowest content of Puerarin, Genistin, and Daidzein. Together, qRT-PCR was performed to evaluate eight phytoestrogen biosynthesis gene expressions in leaf and tuber, in which four novel genes CHS11, CHS13, CHI2A, and UGT2 were examined for the first time in P. mirifica. These gene expressions varied depending on organs and cultivars. The differences in both the content of substances and in DNA barcodes as well as gene expression showed a clear polymorphism between varieties. The information is valuable for the selection of material sources for production.
Keywords: DNA barcoding, P. mirifica, CHS, CHI, UGT.
Urban challenges and air quality in selected european cities
Authors: Szałata Łukasz , Derlukiewicz Niki , Mańkowska Dominika , Zwoździak Jerzy
Published: September 2024

More than half of the world's population currently resides in urban areas. Therefore, cities must be part of the solution if the increasingly urbanized world is to successfully address environmental challenges such as climate change. Air pollution poses a significant health risk to Europeans. Due to urbanization, population growth, traffic congestion, industrial activities, energy generation, and inadequate urban planning connected to environmental solutions modern cities confront a range of complex challenges concerning air quality. Achieving the zero-pollution vision for 2050 demands further endeavors to diminish air pollution to levels deemed safe for health. This article examines the multifaceted obstacles that modern cities encounter, with a particular emphasis on the critical issue of air quality. The study aims to analyze low-emission solutions aimed at improving the state of air quality in selected European cities. The study assessed changes in the concentrations of NO2, O3, PM10, PM2.5 and benzo(a)pyrene in chosen European cities between 2013–2022 offering a comparative analysis of air quality challenges and solutions across selected cities. The value of the analysis lies in its ability to draw conclusions from current European urban trends related to air quality improvement and to develop a comprehensive set of recommendations tailored for policymakers.
Pollution status and health risk assessment of a specific organophosphate pesticide-contaminated site
Authors: Zhibo Jin  , Diao Chun-Yan  , Jianfeng Li
Published: September 2024

Organophosphate pesticide pollution is a severe global environmental issue, posing significant threats to human health. This study focuses on an organophosphate pesticide production site in North China. Controlled soil and groundwater were sampled using grid sampling and direct-push technology. Analytical methods such as headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), gas chromatography (GC), and purge and trap GC-MS were employed to detect contaminants, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs), semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), pesticides, and heavy metals. The results indicate that the maximum exceedances in the contaminated soil for benzene, xylene, tri-chloromethane, Parathion, phosphorodithioic acid, Phorate, and Terbufos were 490.63, 411.22, 3459.09, 507.89, 277.29, 1946.15, and 281.5 times the standard limits, respectively. In groundwater, benzene, dichloromethane, trichloromethane, and Phorate exceeded the standard limits by 220.83, 1374, 1853.33, and 806.67 times, respectively, severely contaminating the local soil and groundwater and damaging the eco-system. Additionally, the carcinogenic risk values in the contaminated soil for benzene, toluene, phenylethane, xylene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, Parathion, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, tri-chloromethane, naphthalene, and aniline were 2.75E–3, 1.36E–2, 1.034E–2, 9.72E–1, 1.5E–3, 8.9E–3, 1.85E–3, 4E–3, 3.48E–2, 2.7E–2, 1.03E–3, respectively. In groundwater, toluene, xylene, dichloro-methane, and trichloromethane showed carcinogenic risk values of 8E–3, 1.86E–2, 1.23E–2, 3.07E–2, respectively, significantly exceeding the acceptable limits and posing severe threats to the health of nearby residents. Furthermore, the hazard quotient for non-carcinogenic effects of Cypermethrin in soil was 1.15, and 2,6-dichlorophenol in groundwater was 1.22, both slightly above the standard, indicating a mild impact on the health of nearby residents. Overall, this study provides a theoretical basis for subsequent remediation work at the contaminated site through pollutant analysis.
Research on multi-UAV air pollution source localization algorithm based on emotional quantity
Authors: Luyao Lin  , Tao Ding  , Lifang Hu  , Jinye Li
Published: September 2024

With the advancement of industrialization, the problem of atmospheric environmental pollution is becoming more and more prominent. To solve this problem, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) as an airborne platform was used to design an air pollution source localization method based on an anxiety-auction algorithm and verify the feasibility of the algorithm through simulation analysis and indoor source localization experiments. The algorithm innovatively introduces the concept of anxiety in psychology into the traditional auction algorithm. By enabling each drone to make a “rational” auction time decision based on its emotional state, team resources can be conserved, and overall source localization efficiency can be enhanced. Based on different environmental factors and conditions, the number of drones and other multi-perspective comparison analyses with the traditional auction algorithm, the analysis results show that the anxiety-auction algorithm performs better in terms of success rate and distance ratio. This paper also built a set of atmospheric pollutant source localization platforms, consisting of an ultra-wideband (UWB) indoor positioning device, UAV platform, source localization monitoring and control module, and the indoor source localization experiment of atmospheric pollutants based on multiple UAVs was successfully designed and carried out.
Phosphogypsum (PG) crystal size distributions in presence and absence of PG seed crystals and sorbitol surfactant
Authors: Abdel-Aal El-Sayed Ali , Abdel-Ghafar Hamdy Maamoun , El-Sayed Dina , Mahmoud Mohamed
Published: September 2024

Leaching of calcium phosphate with sulfuric acid was carried out to study phosphogypsum (PG) crystal growth and size distributions in presence and absence of phosphogypsum seed crystals (PGSC) and sorbitol surfactant (SS) additives. PG crystallization simulates industrial Dihydrate process for phosphoric acid production. PG crystals grow in a medium containing 26±1% P2O5 phosphoric acid and 2±0.5 % free sulfuric acid. Better filterability of phosphoric acid can be achieved with large crystals. The formed PG crystals are larger with addition of either 100 ppm Sorbitol surfactant, 5%, 10% or 15% PGSC compared to the baseline (without additives). With addition of surfactant or increasing the % of PGSC from 5% to 15%, both the mean diameter and d90 of crystalized PG are increased due to enhancing the crystallization growth rates.
Constructing a Predictive Model for High School Students' Enrolment Results
Authors: Kuo Jong-Yih , Chung Yi-Fang , Lin Hui-Chi , Wang Ping-Feng
Published: September 2024

Nowadays, data-informed decision-making can assist high-school educational decision-making, especially student test scores, and further education data, then these data can be used to inform decision-making in schools and boost overall school performance. We aimed to assess the relationships among high school students' admission scores, academic performance at school, and psychological tests in the school system. The relationships were used to predict the departmental fields and universities that students would select for advanced studies in the future. This research will utilize data mining algorithms, including Naïve Bayes, SVM, and Neural Network classifiers, to extract and analyze hidden patterns in students' academic records and credentials. When the Bayesian Network model was used to predict whether a student's university is public or private, our results showed 78.46% of the predicted results. Predicting the accuracy of the top three departmental fields, the SVM model achieved the highest performance with an accuracy of 69.77% .Given that students' academic performance varies across high schools, each school should develop its customized predictive model using only its students’ data. This will help students believe in and pursue their interests.
No Sum (NS) Sequence: A Tool for Quantum-Safe Cryptography
Authors: Rawal Bharat S. , Biswas Anjan , Singh Raman
Published: September 2024

Quantum computing is emerging as a promising technology that can solve the world’s most complex and computationally intensive problems, including cryptography. Conventional cryptography is now facing a severe threat because of the speed of computation offered by quantum computers. There is a need for the standardization of novel quantum-resistant public-key cryptographic algorithms. In this article, the No-Sum (NS) sequence-based public key cryptosystem is proposed, increasing the computational resource requirement against the quantum computer-assisted bruteforce attack. In this paper, we demonstrate an elevation of security of the public key cryptosystem with NS sequence. The proposed methodology works in two phases; in the first phase, the conventional RSA algorithm is used to share the first element and offset parameter between the receiver and sender. In the second phase, prime numbers are generated from the NS sequence and used for encryption/ decryption of messages/ciphers. This paper illustrates the potential of the NS sequence in developing a quantum-resistant cryptosystem, contributing to the advancement of secure communication in the quantum computing era.
Exploring Multivariate Statistics: Unveiling the Power of Eigenvalues in Wishart Distribution Analysis
Authors: A. Makled Randa , Cheng Weihu
Published: September 2024

This research examines how degrees of freedom and covariance matrix configurations affect Wishart distributed matrix eigenvalue distributions. We use the energy distance metric to compare eigenvalue distributions in Identity, Diagonal, and Structured covariance matrices. Through extensive simulations, we show that degrees of freedom and covariance matrix architectures greatly affect eigenvalue dispersion and energy distance distributions. Statistical models are more reliable with smaller, more stable distributions from higher degrees of freedom. We analyze the eigenvalue distributions of NextEra Energy (NEE), Enphase Energy (ENPH), First Solar (FSLR), SunPower (SPWR), and Brookfield Renewable Partners (BEP) stocks using this analytical methodology. Daily returns and covariance matrices were calculated using daily closing prices from January 1, 2018, to January 1, 2023. Our findings support simulation studies indicating larger degrees of freedom lead to more stable energy distance distributions.The findings of this study are useful in finance, genetics, and environmental studies, where stability and variability of the covariance structure are important. The requirement for higher-dimensional settings and real-world datasets to validate the theoretical framework are our research’s constraints. This research expands Wishart distribution knowledge and provides a solid analytical foundation for data analysis and model fitting in numerous scientific fields.
Fluoride Removal in Water Using Kaolin and Eggshell Powder Blend Adsorbents
Authors: Senarathna Gayan , Wanniarachchi Dakshika , Diyabalanage S. Saranga
Published: September 2024

Fluoride contamination in water has emerged as a significant global concern due to its adverse health effects when consumed in excess. This study is focused on developing an eco-friendly, cost-effective adsorbent for fluoride removal using eggshells and kaolin. Adsorbent blends were prepared by mixing kaolin and eggshell powder in six different ratios, namely; 100:0, 80:20, 65:35, 50:50, 35:65, and 20:80. Cylindrical-shaped pellets were produced from each of the blends and subjected to the thermal treatment at 950 ◦C. Fluoride adsorption capacities of the pellets were investigated at different pH conditions (from pH 2 to pH 10) for a 5 mg/L fluoride solution with 1 g of adsorbent dosage and 60 min of contact time. Pellets with a 50:50 ratio (CKE3) were found to be the most effective adsorbent considering the adsorption capacity and stability at all the studied pH conditions. At pH 6, CKE3 showed an adsorption capacity of 0.06 mg/g compared to 0.02 mg/g of kaolin-only pellets. XRD, TGA-DSC, EDX and SEM analysis were used to characterize the adsorbent. XRD analysis showed that the raw adsorbent contained phases of CaCO3 and kaolinite, whereas the calcined material comprised Ca(OH)2 and metakaolinite. Batch experiments were carried out with CKE3 for adsorbent dosage, pH, contact time, and initial fluoride concentration. An adsorbent dosage of 4 g was capable of resulting in a 53% removal of fluoride for a 5 mg/L solution after 60 min of contact time. Pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were applied in the study, and pseudo-second-order exhibited the best fit. The isotherm data were studied for Langmuir and Freundlich models, and the results were satisfactorily fitted with Langmuir isotherm.
Enhancing the Attendee Experience: The Power of Event Sponsorship
Authors: Greenhalgh Greg , Kim Eunsook
Published: September 2024

Sponsorship has evolved to become a major component of corporate strategic plans. While there is an abundance of research on the benefits sponsorship provides brands, a significant gap exists in the literature understanding the impact sponsorship has on event attendees’ experience. Framed with the Consumer-Centric Sponsorship-Linked Marketing Communication Model, the current paper utilizes two studies to assess the impact of event sponsorship to enhance attendees’ experience and how that enhancement impacts attendee outcomes. Results of Study 1 indicated sponsor’s enhancement of attendees’ experience significantly predicted attendees WOM and purchase intention directed towards the sponsor. Study 2 findings suggested that sponsors’ enhancement of attendees’ experience also significantly impacted attendees event satisfaction and future attendance at the festival. The paper contributes to the sponsorship and events literature by exploring the bidirectional nature of event sponsorship in creating value for a variety of stakeholders.