bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OPTIMIZATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DISMISSAL PROCESS AND PREPARATORY EXAMINATION IN ADMINISTRATIVE COURTS THROUGH ELECTRONIC JUDICIARY
Authors: Putra Muhammad Amin
Published: September 2022

Since the promulgation of Supreme Court Regulation No. 1 of 2019 concerning the Administration of Cases and Litigation in Electronic Court (PERMA No. 1 of 2019), the administrative processes of cases and hearing in courts are carried out electronically. However, the PERMA did not accommodate the need for dispute examination in the administrative court, especially regarding the existence of the dismissal process and preparatory examination. Therefore, this paper is made to examine what steps are needed so that the dismissal process and preparatory examination can be carried out using the e-court application. This paper uses a legal-normative method, namely an approach based on legal materials in the form of laws and regulations, as well as literature related to the theme of this paper. This paper demonstrates that the dismissal process and preparatory examination can be carried out through a revision of PERMA no. 1 of 2019. In addition, further studies are needed regarding the specifics of the procedural law of the administrative court in the implementation of this e-litigation, due to the fact that the dismissal process and preparatory examination are part of the litigation process in the administrative court.
APPLICATION OF CITIZEN LAWSUIT ON LAWSUITS AGAINST POLICY OF THE MINISTRY OF EMPOWERMENT OF STATE APPARATUS AND BUREAUCRATIC REFORM RELATED TO CONTRACT WORKERS IN THE ADMINISTRATIVE COURT
Authors: Arvianda Adzra , M Annastasya Divana P , A Hanuun Zainum , Adikancana Santi Hapsari Dewi
Published: September 2022

Law No. 5 of 2014 regulates the legality of Honorary Personnel as non-ASN employees. In essence, there are provisions regarding the appointment of honorary personnel to become civil servants with conditions that must be met. Moreover, the problem continues when the number of Honorary Personnel in Government Agencies increases and disrupts the balance of the arrangement of human resources (HR) of the apparatus in each of these agencies. As a settlement effort, the PANRB Ministry issued the PANRB Ministerial Letter Number B/185/M.SM.02.03/202 which emphasized the provisions of PP. 49 of 2018. This becomes an interesting topic when it is associated with the issue of the rights of Honorary Personnel and the application of the Citizen Lawsuit lawsuit to the Administrative Court. This writing uses a normative research method with a literature study which is then analyzed qualitatively and conclusions are drawn using the inductive method. The conclusion that was found was that the Honorary Personnel had the right to file a lawsuit with the Administrative Court because the object of the disputed letter included the State Administrative Court. However, Citizen Lawsuit is not optimal enough as a scheme for filing a lawsuit and it is better to use ordinary legal practices.

Keywords : citizen lawsuit, state administrative courts, honorary staff
A Prospective Noninterventional Study of Type I Collagen Matrix Plus Polyhexamethylene Biguanide Antimicrobial for the Treatment of Venous Leg Ulcers: A Secondary Analysis
Authors: Koullias George , Bain Michael , Thibodeaux Kerry , Sabolinski Michael
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: The RESPOND registry study was the first prospective noninterventional study evaluating the real-world effectiveness of a native type 1 collagen matrix plus polyhexamethylene biguanide antimicrobial (PCMP) barrier in nonhealing wounds. PURPOSE: The objective of this secondary analysis was to describe the effects of PCMP in the subgroup of patients with venous leg ulcers (VLUs) in the RESPOND registry. METHODS: RESPOND was a 28-site, prospective, noninterventional study for up to 32 weeks. All patients (N = 307) in RESPOND received PCMP. Eligibility criteria included patients being 18 years of age and older and having cutaneous wounds, not including third-degree burns. Kaplan-Meier methods analyzed the frequency and median time to wound closure. RESULTS: For the cohort of PCMP-treated VLUs (n = 67), the mean baseline wound area was 20.07 cm2 and mean wound duration was 89 days. Wound closure frequencies were 33%, 42%, 45%, 53%, and 73% at weeks 8, 12, 16, 24, and 32, respectively. The median time to closure was 22 weeks. Incidences of achieving >60% reduction in baseline area and depth were 78% and 70%, respectively, with 87% showing a reduction of >75% in volume. CONCLUSION: PCMP appears to be a valuable adjunct for treating venous leg ulcers.
Implementing Venous Leg Ulcer Education and Clinical Decision Support: A Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Beatty Amelia , Jones Penny , Vail Christopher , Thompson Julie , Reynolds Staci
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: Venous leg ulcers (VLU) require early identification and treatment to prevent further harm. Health care providers often fail to initiate evidenced-based VLU treatment promptly because of a lack of knowledge of VLU guidelines. PURPOSE: To improve early treatment for patients with VLUs presenting to outpatient clinic settings. METHODS: Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles were used for this quality improvement project. Virtual education and a comprehensive clinical decision support (CDS) order set were implemented. Outcome metrics included the rate of ankle-brachial index (ABI) testing, mechanical compression therapy, and home health service referrals for patients with VLUs. The frequency with which the CDS order set was used was also measured. RESULTS: Forty health care providers attended the virtual education sessions among 3 outpatient clinics. There was an increase in ankle-brachial index testing from pre (n = 7; 15.9%) to post (n = 10; 18.2%) (P = .796), but there was a decline in mechanical compression therapy from pre (n = 15; 34.1%) to post (n = 4; 7.3%) (P = .002) and home health service referrals from pre (n = 11; 25%) to post (n = 9; 16.4%) (P = .322). The CDS order set was used 9 times over 13 weeks. CONCLUSION: Future Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles will include completing in-person education and reducing the VLU CDS order set length. Future projects should consider these approaches when implementing evidence-based VLU guidelines.
Application of Plackett-Burman and central composite design for analysis of Gadolinium in acetonitrile and TBAP supporting electrolyte by Differential Pulse Voltammetry
Authors: Pratomo Uji , Anandya Rany , Hartati Yeni Wahyuni , Bahti Husein Hernanti , Wyantuti Santhy
Published: September 2022

The voltammetry method offers fast, efficient and simple preparation for the detection of the sample containing rare earth elements (REE). The combination of voltammetry with the experimental design provided more efficient analysis especially the solvent consumption. This study aims to determine the factors that have an optimum effect using the experimental design results on the analysis of Gadolinium (Gd) in acetonitrile by Differential pulse voltammetry. The tertabuthylammonium perchlorate (TBAP) was used as supporting electrolyte. The screening and optimization of the parameter were carried out by Plackett-Burman experimental design and Central Composite Design. The two significant parameters were obtained for the analysis of Gd in acetonitrile by Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) which are TBAP concentration value 0.1166 M and deposition potential at -0.7929 V.
Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of hypophosphite by tetrabutylammonium tribromide
Authors: Kalantre V.A. , Nikam G.H.
Published: September 2022

The reaction between tetrabutylammonium tribromide and hypophosphite was studied in 50% (v/v) acetic acid under second order conditions. The overall order of reaction was found to be two, unity each in both the reactants. The reaction was found to involve direct two electron transfer step as the test for formation of free radicals due to single electron step was negative. The hypophosphorous acid (H3PO2) in aqueous solution dissociates to give H2PO2- and in the present study, as the acetic acid content increases, the rate of the reaction decreases. The plot of 1/ks against [H+] was found to be linear with an intercept. These observations suggest that the undissociated phosphorus acid is the active reductant species whose concentration decreases as the pH of the solution increases, thus resulting in a decrease of the rate constant. The activation parameters for the reaction were also determined by the studying the reaction at different temperature and it was found that there is considerable decrease in the entropy of the reaction. Such a decrease in the entropy is the explained by considering an ordered transition state between the reactants.
Corrosion Inhibition Effect of Diospyros blancoi (Velvet Apple) Acid Leaf Extracts on Mild Steel in Acidic Medium
Authors: Panilo Jayferson G. , Aliazas John Vincent C.
Published: September 2022

Mild steel has excellent applicability to structures that provide many benefits to man. On the other hand, exposure to chemical reactions including corrosion leads to their degradation. Thus, minimizing the effect of such phenomenon (corrosion) is needed (since it is a natural process). This study aimed to determine the corrosion inhibition of Diospyros blancoi (velvet apple) acid leaf extract on mild steel in an acidic medium. Further, it determines the concentration at which D. blancoi acid leaf extract (DbAE) performs best in corrosion inhibition parameters. Acidic environment immersion was done on mild steel sheets on treatments with different DbAE concentrations (5%, 10% and 15%). Weight loss was the factor determined to determine the inhibition efficiency of the DbAE concentrations and the corrosion rate of the mild steels. Results showed that the inhibition efficiency is highest and the corrosion rate of mild steel is lowest at 15% DbAE concentration. It is recommended that sophisticated facility/ equipment be used to determine the effect of DbAE on the physical and chemical components of mild steel. Also, the production of D. blancoi must be done since the potential anticorrosion impact of this plant species has been determined.
Impact on growth and yield of Rice (Oryza sativa) Cultivars (PB1509 and Arize6444) from SPM deposition under Thermal Power Plant Air Shed
Authors: Kumar Yogesh , Mina Usha , Garg Manoj Chandra , Kumar Soora Naresh , Harit Ramesh Chandra
Published: September 2022

The impact of environmental pollution (such as air pollution) on agricultural costs has received a great deal of global attention in the last 20 years. In recent years, air pollution has received serious concerns from researchers, media and the public sectors, but air pollution from agricultural production activities has not received enough attention. Air pollution is considered to be one of the major reasons for the deterioration in crops growth and productivity. The present study was carried out to explore the effect of total suspended particulate matter (SPM) deposition prevailing in the air shed (10km radius) of Thermal Power Plant (TPP), Auraiya on yield of of rice cultivars (PB1509 and Arize6444). The rice cultivars were grown for two consecutive years on farmers field of selected 8 villages located within the air shed. The SPM deposition on rice cultivars flag leaves was maximum (3.1mgcm-2) at Singanpur within 2-4 km area on the leeward side from the TPP and less impact was seen on the windward side 7-9 km at Hajiyapur (1.7 mgcm-2). Leaf area index (LAI) range of both cultivars was from 1.3 to 3.9. Yield and LAI were adversely affected by SPM deposition. Among two cultivars, the yield of Arize6444 was more adversely affected than PB1509.
Investigation on Ferulic Acid Content in Oil Palm and Influence of Alkali on its Release
Authors: Ng Mei Han , Nu’man Abd. Hadi
Published: September 2022

Oil palm is widely cultivated in tropical countries, especially in Malaysia and Indonesia, for food and oleochemicals and recently as biodiesel. Besides its oil components, the oil palm also contains antioxidative compounds such as carotenes and tocols (tocopherols and tocotrienols). This study reports the hydrolysis and quantitation of a water-soluble antioxidant, ferulic acid, from different parts of the oil palm. The contents of ferulic acid in the oil palm frond, oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB), fruits (sterilised and unsterilised) and oil palm mesocarp fibre were found to range from ca. 1.43 – 3.62 mg/g. Among the various parts of oil palm studied, mesocarp fibre was found to contain the highest concentration of ferulic acid (3.62 ± 0.14 mg g-1) followed by palm frond (2.88 ± 0.15 mg g-1) while 2.02 ± 0.14 mg g-1 ferulic acid was obtained from EFB. The concentrations of NaOH and duration of hydrolysis played significant role in the hydrolysis of oil palm that led to the release of ferulic acid. The findings from this study will be able to help develop more applications for the oil palm and its biomass, rendering it to be a multi-disciplinary and sustainable industry.
Anhydrous Superprotonic Conductivity in the Zirconium Acid Triphosphate ZrH5(PO4)3
Authors: Fop Sacha , Vivani Riccardo , Masci Silvia , Casciola Mario , Donnadio Anna
Published: September 2022

The development of solid-state proton conductors with high proton conductivity at low temperature is crucial for the implementation of hydrogen-based technologies for portable and automotive applications. Here, we report on the discovery of a new crystalline tetravalent metal acid triphosphate, ZrH5(PO4)3 (ZP3), which exhibits record-high proton conductivity of 3.0 x 10-2 S cm-1 at 110 °C in anhydrous conditions. Structural characterization and bond-valence sum energy (BVSE) calculations reveal the pathways and mechanism of proton transport. Extended defective hydrogen bond chains, where the protons are dynamically disordered over two oxygen centers, enable fast ionic diffusion with minimal activation energy for proton hopping.
Improving reactivity of naphthalimide-based GST probe by imparting TPP cation: Development and application for live cell imaging
Authors: Fujikawa Yuuta , Terakado Kenta , Nezu Sayaka , Noritsugu Kota , Maemoto Yuki , Ito Akihiro , Inoue Hideshi
Published: September 2022

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a superfamily of multifunctional enzymes comprising multiple classes and subtypes. This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of TPPBN-1, a naphthalimide derivative conjugated with a triphenylphosphonium (TPP) cation. When 4-bromonaphthalimide (BrNaph), a previously characterized GST substrate, was conjugated to a TPP cation, the conjugate showed increased reactivity towards most alpha- and mu-class GSTs, particularly the GSTA2 subtype, compared to the parent compound, but hardly towards Pi-class GSTs. Using this probe with enhanced reactivity, the enzymatic activity of endogenous GSTA1/2 in HepG2 cells was visualized by confocal fluorescence microscopy. The results demonstrated that modification with TPP cations, which are often used as tags for targeting mitochondria, can be used to enhance the reactivity of probes for specific GST subtypes.
Discovery of 2,6-Dihalopurines as Stomata Opening Inhibitors: Implication of an LRX-mediated H+-ATPase Phosphorylation Pathway
Authors: Itami Kenichiro , Ueda Ayaka , Aihara Yusuke , Sato Shinya , Kano Keiko , Mishiro-Sato Emi , Kitano Hiroyuki , Sato Ayato , Fujimoto Kazuhiro , Yanai Takeshi , Amaike Kazuma , Kinoshita Toshinori
Published: September 2022

Stomata are pores in the leaf epidermis of plants and their opening and closing regulate gas exchange and water transpiration. Stomatal movements play key roles in both plant growth and stress responses. In recent years, small molecules regulating stomatal movements have been used as a powerful tool in mechanistic studies, as well as key players for agricultural applications. Therefore, the development of new molecules regulating stomatal movement and the elucidation of their mechanisms have attracted much attention. We herein describe the discovery of 2,6-dihalopurines, AUs, as a new stomatal opening inhibitor, and their mechanistic study. Based on biological assays, AUs may involve in the pathway related with plasma membrane H+-ATPase phosphorylation. In addition, we identified leucine-rich repeat extensin proteins (LRXs), LRX3, LRX4 and LRX5 as well as RALF, as target protein candidates of AUs by affinity based pull down assay and molecular dynamics simulation. The mechanism of stomatal movement related with the LRXs–RALF is an unexplored pathway, and therefore further studies may lead to the discovery of new signaling pathways and regulatory factors in the stomatal movement.
Controlling Product Selectivity in Oxidative Desulfurization Using an Electrodeposited Iron Film
Authors: Kompanijec Victoria , Repa Gil , Fredin Lisa , Swierk John
Published: September 2022

Sulfur-containing compounds must be removed from raw fuel oils before use and recently, there has been an effort to identify and optimize a more energy efficient method of oil processing. One promising route is electrochemical oxidative desulfurization (ODS), and in this work, we investigate an electrodeposited iron oxide film as a working electrode to catalyze the oxidation of dibenzothiophene (DBT). The electrodeposited Fe film displays unexpected selectivity for the DBT sulfoxide (DBTO) — departing from the catalytic behavior of gold, which favors the dimerization of DBT. In addition, we observe a morphological change within our Fe film from ϒ-FeOOH (lepidocrocite) to ϒ-Fe2O3 (maghemite). This change provides insight to the activity of each structure for ODS as the rate of oxidation increases after the incorporation of ϒ-Fe2O3. Our experimental observations are corroborated with DFT calculations, which suggest that the adsorption energy of DBT on Au is significantly greater than on the Fe film, favoring the formation of dimeric and oligomeric product. Calculations also demonstrate that DBT binds closer on ϒ-Fe2O3 (2.04 Å) when compared to ϒ-FeOOH (2.68 Å) due to the presence of a four-coordinate iron site in ϒ-Fe2O3. We propose that this closer surface interaction facilitates electron transfer and leads to difference in catalytic behavior between Au and the electrodeposited Fe film.
Modeling of Microwave Cavities Based on SIBC-FDTD Method for EM Wave Focalization by TR Technique
Authors: Li Zhigang , Aimer Younes , Bouazza Tayeb H. C.
Published: September 2022

The time reversal (TR) techniques used in electromagnetics have been limited for a variety of reasons, including extensive computations, complex modeling and simulation, processes as well as, large-scale numerical analysis. In this paper, the SIBC-FDTD method is applied to address these issues and to efficiently model TR systems. An original curvilinear modeling method is also proposed for constructing various obstacles in a 2D microwave cavity and for processing the corners of the cavity. The EM waves’ spatio-temporal focalization has been realized, and results of the simulations further prove the accuracy and effectiveness of this modeling method. Furthermore, they demonstrate that the microwave cavity processes may significantly improve the focalization quality in terms of SSLL enhancement.
Analysis of an LSTM-based NOMA Detector Over Time Selective Nakagami-m Fading Channel Conditions
Authors: Shankar Ravi , Bangare Jyoti L. , Kumar Ajay , Gupta Sandeep , Mehraj Haider , Kulkami Shriram S.
Published: September 2022

This work examines the efficacy of deep learning (DL) based non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) receivers in vehicular communications (VC). Analytical formulations for the outage probability (OP), symbol error rate (SER), and ergodic sum rate for the researched vehicle networks are established Rusing i.i.d. Nakagami-m fading links. Standard receivers, such as least square (LS) and minimum mean square error (MMSE), are outperformed by the stacked long-short term memory (S-LSTM) based DL-NOMA receiver. Under real time propagation circumstances, including the cyclic prefix (CP) and clipping distortion, the simulation curves compare the performance of MMSE and LS receivers with that of the DL-NOMA receiver. According to numerical statistics, NOMA outperforms conventional orthogonal multiple access (OMA) by roughly 20% and has a high sum rate when considering i.i.d. fading links.
Multi-operator Differential Evolution with MOEA/D for Solving Multi-objective Optimization Problems
Authors: Aggarwal Sakshi , Mishra Krishn K.
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we propose a multi-operator differentia evolution variant that incorporates three diverse mutation strategies in MOEA/D. Instead of exploiting the local region, the proposed approach continues to search for optimal solutions in the entire objective space. It explicitly maintains diversity of the population by relying on the benefit of clustering. To promowe convergence, the solutions close to the ideal position, in the objective space are given preference in the evolutionary process. The core idea is to ensure diversity of the population by applying multiple mutation schemes and a faster convergence rate, giving preference to solutions based on their proximity to the ideal position in the MOEA/D paradigm. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by two popular test suites. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms other MOEA/D algorithms.
Analysis on Related Factors of Hospitalization Days of Patients with Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia in Fangcang Shelter Hospitals
Authors: Zhang Dongxian , Sun Jingjing , Li Hao , Yu Jing , Sun Ting
Published: September 2022

Objective: To study the factors influencing the length of stay in patients with COVID-19. Methods: The clinical data of 110 patients with COVID-19 who were infected with Omicron virus for more than 10 days from April to May 2022 were collected. Their gender, age, smoking status, clinical manifestations related to pneumonia, whether they were combined with other basic diseases and vaccination status were analyzed. The above influencing factors were analyzed by single factor regression analysis, followed by Cox regression model analysis. Results: The age of patients had an effect on the length of hospital stay. The median length of hospital stay of patients that are < 50 years old, 50-64 years old and ? 65 years old were 14, 14, and 17 days respectively (?2 = 9.346, P = 0.009). The presence of coronavirus-related symptoms also affects the length of hospital stay (?2 = 4.840, P = 0.028). The results of multivariate regression model showed that age (?2 = 8.669, P = 0.006) and coronavirus-related symptoms (?2 = 5.424, P = 0.020) were independent factors affecting the length of hospital stay. Conclusion: During the development of COVID-19, the age of patients and whether they have coronavirus-related symptoms are positively correlated with the length of stay. Gender, habit of smoking, presence of other basic diseases and vaccination are not related to the length of stay.
Study on the Application Effect of Family Follow-Up Rehabilitation Nursing in Elderly Autistic Patients in Community Institutions
Authors: Ji Qing , Dela Rosa Ronnell D. , He Mingzhu , De Ala Minerva B.
Published: September 2022

Objective: To study the effect of family follow-up nursing in rehabilitation of elderly autistic patients in community institutions. Methods: 120 elderly autistic patients from February 2021 to July 2022 were randomly divided into a control group and a test group with 60 cases each. The patients in the control group were cared for at home by their family members, while the patients in the test group were given family follow-up rehabilitation care on the basis of the control group. The compliance of patients in the rehabilitation process, the UCLA loneliness score, the autism treatment assessment scale (ATEC) score of patients after this nursing care, and the quality-of-life scores of patients of the two groups before and after nursing care were compared. Results: The compliance of patients in the process of rehabilitation treatment was better in the experimental group than in the experimental group. The physical function score of patients after nursing was better in the experimental group than in the experimental group. The UCLA loneliness score and ATEC score of patients in the experimental group after nursing were lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05); the quality-of-life score was higher in the experimental group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The application of family follow-up nursing in the rehabilitation of elderly autistic patients in community institutions can significantly improve patients’ compliance and improve their prognosis, thus having high clinical value.
Cultivation Path of Compound Talents in Ophthalmic Diagnosis, Treatment, and Nursing Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Xu Hongyan , Chen Jiaxin , Tang Tingting , Yang Shouhua
Published: September 2022

Artificial intelligence can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of medical diagnosis, clinical data analysis, medical image recognition, treatment plan decision-making, etc. It has broad application prospects in the ophthalmic diagnosis, treatment, and nursing industry. However, the application of artificial intelligence in the ophthalmic diagnosis and nursing industry in China started relatively late, and there are insufficient ophthalmic diagnosis and nursing personnel who are familiar with artificial intelligence technologies. In order to promote the modernization of ophthalmic medicine in China and accelerate the development of a high-quality and modern medical education system, it is necessary to train a new generation of compound ophthalmic medical talents who are skilled in artificial intelligence and develop an advanced talent training model that meets the needs of the ophthalmic profession and the society. Based on the application status and development prospects of artificial intelligence in the ophthalmology industry, this paper analyzes the current medical education model in ophthalmology, examines the path of cultivating compound talents in ophthalmic diagnosis, treatment, and nursing, as well as proposes suggestions for developing a high-quality and modern medical education system.
Analysis and Research on the Thermal Environment of Subway Stations in Wuhan
Authors: Zhang Yang , Wang Tao
Published: September 2022

With the rapid advancement of urban construction, urban subway construction in China has entered an advanced development stage and the thermal environment of subway stations has become a key factor affecting passengers' thermal comfort. To further understand the actual situation of the thermal environment of subway stations, field measurement and CFD simulation were carried out on a subway station hall in Wuhan from July to August 2021, and the thermal environment changes and influencing factors during subway operation were compared and analyzed. The present situation of the thermal environment in subway stations was analyzed, and some suggestions and measures for improving the thermal environment were put forward.
Research on the Cultivation Path of Craftsman Spirit Among Construction Site Workers
Authors: Zhou Peijiao , Xiao Bin , Fu Zhiting
Published: September 2022

In order to improve the craftsman spirit of on-site construction personnel and accelerate the smooth transition of construction products from the development period to the mature period, a questionnaire survey method was used to investigate the characteristics of construction personnel of different levels and the problems existing in the cultivation of craftsman spirit. The results show that there was lack of awareness in understanding craftsman spirit among construction personnel, the consciousness of their own craftsman spirit cultivation was insufficient, and no effective measures have been taken to cultivate the craftsman spirit. Based on the research results, the ways to cultivate the craftsman spirit of on-site construction personnel are given.
Prediction of Wave Transmission Characteristics of Low Crested Structures Using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Kim Taeyoon , Lee Woo-Dong , Kwon Yongju , Kim Jongyeong , Kang Byeonggug , Kwon Soonchul
Published: September 2022

Recently around the world, coastal erosion is paying attention as a social issue. Various constructions using low-crested and submerged structures are being performed to deal with the problems. In addition, a prediction study was researched using machine learning techniques to determine the wave attenuation characteristics of low crested structure to develop prediction matrix for wave attenuation coefficient prediction matrix consisting of weights and biases for ease access of engineers. In this study, a deep neural network model was constructed to predict the wave height transmission rate of low crested structures using Tensor flow, an open source platform. The neural network model shows a reliable prediction performance and is expected to be applied to a wide range of practical application in the field of coastal engineering. As a result of predicting the wave height transmission coefficient of the low crested structure depends on various input variable combinations, the combination of 5 condition showed relatively high accuracy with a small number of input variables defined as 0.961. In terms of the time cost of the model, it is considered that the method using the combination 5 conditions can be a good alternative. As a result of predicting the wave transmission rate of the trained deep neural network model, MSE was 1.3×10-3, I was 0.995, SI was 0.078, and I was 0.979, which have very good prediction accuracy. It is judged that the proposed model can be used as a design tool by engineers and scientists to predict the wave transmission coefficient behind the low crested structure.
Agreed Evidence in Surat Al-Hajj
Authors: Rasul Payam Bazid , Gharib Othman Muhammad
Published: September 2022

Islamic Sharia is based on sources, and studying these sources and eliciting legal rulings from them and attributing each ruling to its source that supports it is an obligatory matter. The legislative sources from which four legal rulings are derived are in the following order: the Noble Qur’an, the Prophet’s Sunnah, peace be upon him, the consensus of the nation, and analogy, as agreed upon by the majority of Muslim imams. The evidence for the authenticity of these four sources: the Noble Qur’an, for it is the origin of the fundamentals, and the first source of legislation, and everything else is taken from it, and branched from it, from that: the science of jurisprudence; Our venerable scholars did not invent it on their own, but rather they derived it from legal evidence and derived it from them, and the strongest and oldest evidence is: the Noble Qur’an.
A New Perspective on the State of Transitive and Intransitive Verb
Authors: Raouf Bahzad Muhsin
Published: September 2022

This Study, entitled "A New Perspective on the State of Transitive and Intransitive Verb" is an attempt to propose another classification of work in terms of power. Because what is noted is that the work in terms of power has been very thoroughly studied, and has been abandoned after the division over the " Transitive and Intransitive". This study seeks to quantify the extent of the workforce on the basis of identification and classification, and then the naming of Verbs.

     The study is divided into two sections, as follows:

In the first part we use the common names and terms of Transitive and Intransitive, but in the second part instead of the two terms we use our suggested terms and give the necessary explanations about them.

     In the second part, we separate the indirect object and complementary according to their functions and properties. According to this new view, the problem of Transitive and Intransitive of (Habun-Tamalluk) verb is solved.
The Best way to Deal with Non-Muslim Relatives According to Islamic Law Comparative Study
Authors: Abdurahman Salah Najib
Published: September 2022

This research is a jurisprudential study of the ruling on optimal dealing with non-Muslim relatives in Islamic law, based on the evidence in the Qur’an and Sunnah. It is well known that Islam was accused of not respecting the rights of non-Muslims by the malicious based on jurisprudence or fatwas in specific circumstances or times. This study aims to highlight the optimal dealing with non-Muslims, and the closest to the spirit of Sharia and its observance of the rights of non-Muslims. The study based on the inductive and descriptive approach to investigate the evidences and statements on the subject. These texts, opinions, and issues have been analyzed and compared to reach an optimal ruling in line with the aims of the Islamic law. The study revealed that the best treatment with non-Muslim relatives is embodied in good cohabitation, kindness in treatment, and the broadness of human feelings of righteousness, mercy and benevolence.
The Phenomenon of Love in the Text of (My Poem is the Love) of Mahwi
Authors: Qadir Aram Mohammad
Published: September 2022

This research investigates one of the poetic texts of Mahwi named (my home is love) with giving consideration to the views of teachers and researchers working on his collection. It interprets the poem again and presents some differences including; having new meanings for a number of phrases in the text. This study reveals the comprehension of Mahwi for the concept of (love) and gives a sociological explanation on his perspectives. It also identifies (love) as the way of life.

     This study consists of two main chapters: the first chapter focuses on the poet’s biography and corresponding to the explanation of the poetic text (my home is love) the second chapter analyzes the content of the (love) concept.
Methods of Threat and Violence in The Kurdish Language
Authors: Omar Nawzad Anwar , Ibrahim Bahar Khdir
Published: September 2022

This study which is entitled (Methods of Threat and Violence in the Kurdish Language). The method of threat and violence is one of the attitudes that one uses several times a day, or is used against them. This study is a step towards getting familiar with threats and violence, so that individuals in the community get acquainted with the subject and deal with it in a fair and accurate manner. Because any mistakes could have dreadful consequences also it has a direct effect on individuals.

The first part explains the relationship between language and society, the concepts and definitions of social language, languages relationship to race, age, religion and culture, and personality. The second part discusses the concepts, definitions, types of the methods and languages, types of threats and causes of them; the concepts, definitions, types and causes of the use of violence and the sources of violence. The relation between gender and age on using threats, as well as using threats and violence depending on the levels of language.
The Basic Properties of Children's Poetry
Authors: Mustafa Hero Abdulrahman , Mustafa Idrees Abdulla
Published: September 2022

Children's poetry is an important reality between poetry and literary people specially in modern reign, by modern we mean twentieth century and so far. Poetry of children among Kurdish nation has an ancient history, like those lamenting of the mothers that were said to calm down their children.  when poets and authors give importance to the children then sorts of poetries were written as a special style, idea, language, and passion. Poetry of children should be written brief with a clear language so that the poet can express his/her goal. We all know language is regarded as the core factor in human life, since it is a way we can speak about future and past by means of it , so idea through this word and these terms reaches reader that a poet or writer is using in his/her works. The poet in composing poetry of children use a wide imagination as children desire more imaginative things. Thus, children's poetry has unique style that is fragile, clearer and easier as compared to poetry for adults, following that particular magazines are devoted for children and poetry for children embraces several booklets and special books.

             What are these children poetries? What are their specifications? In which way are they different from poetry for adults? What are the basic literature of these poetries? So, all of these are answered in this research.
The Islamic Approach to Preventing Corruption in Financial Transactions
Authors: Nabi Hassan Abdulla , Ibrahim Hashem Ismail
Published: September 2022

There is no doubt, Islam is a great religion whom Allah made it comprehensively compatible with every moment and situation due to its unique principles and high standards in rearranging legal transactions  with individual’s relationships precisely within the communities. The essence of Islam is to enhance the continuity of life with its prosperity and bridging individual clashes and enormities. For this, the Almighty and all wise Allah with His heavenly legislation would grant some mechanisms and criteria’s to promote justice and life from all perspectives. This comes following many advancements life has made with relation to “legal transactions” amidst individuals as contributed to spark many contemporary issues.
The Percentage of the Contribution of some Physical Measurements Physical Abilities and Body Composition in the Achievement of 25 Meters Free Swimming
Authors: Ghafouri Rebez Bayez Tawfiq , Hamarash Faraedun Qadir
Published: September 2022

The research aims to identify the relationship of corporeal measurements، physical capabilities and body composition in the achievement of a (25m) freestyle swim and to identify the percentage of the contribution of corporeal measurements، physical capabilities and body composition in freestyle swimming for a distance of (25m). The researchers used the descriptive approach، while the research sample was the players of the Youth and Sports Center in Rania District - Sulaymaniyah Governorate included the junior category (n=45). The researchers used some physical measurements، physical abilities and body composition that were nominated by experts and specialists. After using appropriate statistical methods، the researchers reached the following conclusions:

 

There is a significant correlation between some physical measurements and the achievement of free swimming (25m).

There is a significant correlation between some physical abilities and the achievement of free swimming (25m).

There is no correlation between body composition and the achievement of free swimming (25m).

The percentage of the contribution of some physical measurements to the achievement of free swimming (25 m) is good، which confirms the effectiveness of these measurements in achieving free swimming.

The percentage of the contribution of physical abilities to the achievement of free swimming was good، which confirms the effectiveness of these abilities in achieving it.

The percentage of body composition’s contribution to the achievement of free swimming (25m) was insignificant، which confirms its ineffectiveness in the achievement of (25m) free swimming.

The recommendations were as follows:

Emphasis on the importance of anthropometric measurements and physical abilities that showed moral relations and a significant contribution to the achievement of free swimming and working on its development and development and taking this into account in the development of training programs and plans.

The necessity of adopting physical measurements and physical abilities when selecting swimming players.

Conducting other studies on other environments and unstudied physical and physiological variables.

Conducting a study on those whose body mass index exceeds (25m). Or they have an increase in weight to know the effect of BMI on achievement in general.
The Economic Impact of the Zangi State (521H/1127AD – 569H/1174AD) on Ayyubid State (570H/1175AD – 647H/1250AD)
Authors: Ahmed Ahmed Rahda , Khdir HamaSalh Hassan
Published: September 2022

The ayyubid and zangi dynasties were two sem – independent rules within the Islamic world. They were founded during the period in which the abbasid and the suljukians ruled. The center of the zangi state is rule was located in mousil, part of cezere rigion and east of the levant state, and the ayyubid family were living peacefully under the zangi state in balabag city, where they held significant administrative and military positions. Following the death of nuraddin zangi in (569 H/1174 AD), the ayyubid family had the chance to establish their own dynasty. Since saladdin al-ayyubi who was who was nurradin zangis deputy in Egypt، managed to take advantage of the political and military gaps arose due to nuraddins death. Therefor, in (570 H/1175 AD), he established the ayyubid state in Egypt.

Since it was founded over the same zangi state lands, the ayyubid state posses many features and similarities of the zangis. Especially in politics، administration, economy, civilization, etc… here, we shed some light on the economic impact which copy the zangi rules in most aspects. They focused on improving agricultural and industrial activities, commerce in Levant and Egypt on the Mediterranean and the red sea. Also, they zakat, taxes and the way they dealt with things captured in battles. They made some reforms to remove the burden of extra taxies imposed by the zangi state.
Humanity and its Purposes in Islamic Law
Authors: Heroy Ali Muhammed Ahmed , Bajalan Jamal Muhammed
Published: September 2022

This paper which is entitled Humanity and its purposes in Islamic law. Humanity has a basic value in Islam in that Islam tries to produce fruitful people to the society. Thus، worship in Islam can be concretized in obeying to Allah’s orders and being sympathetic with Allah’s creatures. In this paper، we shed some light on the maqasid and the origin of humanity. The paper consists of several sections: section one is about defining humanity and Sharia maqasid; section two is devoted to showing the aspects of humanity in Islam on the basis of Qur’an verses، hadiths، and the scholar’s views. At the end of the study، we arrived at some conclusions، among them: one of the most remarkable features by which Islam is recognized is the desire of being human. This desire has been determined by Allah. In fact، the Sharia maqasid is a foundation to protect humans’ respect. There are so many of the holy Qur’an verses، hadiths، and the ashab’s sayings in the Islamic culture from which we can take advantage and use them in our lives. Finally، we have suggested that universities and research institutes should emphasize the importance of the papers which indicate the relationship between Islamic Sharia maqasid and humanity so that they can show the wisdom and inclusiveness of Islam to a greater extent.
The Role of Non-Constituents in The Sentence Structures in Kurdish and Persian Languages
Authors: Hama Hamza Hussein , Mina Rabar Kakarsh
Published: September 2022

This study is a summary of analyzing and explaining 'sentence structure' in general and the role of non-constituents as non-constituents in the sentence structure in both Kurdish and Persian languages. The study consists of the following sections:

      Section one contains several subsections; in the first subsection, the concept of 'sentence' was discussed and a definition of 'sentence' was provided. In the second subsection, various types of sentence constituents were briefly introduced and presented. Then in the following subsection, types of constituent word order were explained. Following that, Syntactic lyres in terms of construction were explained in brief. Finally, in the last subsection of Section One, types of constituent word order were presented.

     In Section Two, 'sentence structure' in both Kurdish and Persian has been discussed, and the structures of both languages based on linguistic standards and theories have been shown. In another subsection, 'sentence structure' was discussed in detail from a syntactical point of view.

     In the third which is the last section of this study, 'sentence structures' were compared in both languages in detail, necessary examples from both languages were provided and analyzed, and the syntactic role of various constituents of 'sentence structures' in both languages was discussed. In the end, various roles of non-constituents were explained in detail and very specifically.

     Finally, conclusions were drawn and the references list was provided.
The Effect of the Geographical Place of Raparin Administration on the Migration of Young People out of Kurdistan Region
Authors: Ismael Hemn Hussein , Hassan Dler Khalid , Ahmed Roshna Muhammad , Ahmad Pishtiwan Shafiq
Published: September 2022

Migration is considered a significant source of unnatural population growth and, after natural increase, is a major factor responsible for unnatural population growth. It includes changing the places of residence of individuals, groups, and families and settling them in a new environment, in order to provide a better life and welfare than in their previous places of residence. There are many different kinds of migration, which are caused by a number of factors, and have many negative and positive consequences.

This research is devoted to the impact of the geographical situation of the Raparin administration on youth migration abroad. The Raparin administration is one of the new administrations in Sulaymaniah province. This study aims to show the effect of geographical situation on this phenomenon, which is due to a number of geographical factors that have affected the increase in migration in the region, including: geographical situation, nearness to a neighboring country, distance from urban centers, abundance of population, population composition, lack of investment projects, etc. With the present statistics of this migration in recent years, suggestions and solutions to reduce the negative consequences of this phenomenon have been made.
Deletion and Change of Sounds of the Loanwords into the Kurdish Language
Authors: Hamad Sherwan Husen , Hasan Shokhan Qadir
Published: September 2022

This study is entitled “Deletion and Change of Sounds of the Loanwords into the Kurdish Language”, which is a statistical analytic study. Study instruments have been allocated for the words borrowed from the English language and entered the Kurdish language. The study comes within the field of the phonology and has been worked on according to the descriptive analytic manner. The study intends to respond to the question to which extend phenomenon of deletion and changing sounds happen to the borrowed words that entered the Kurdish language. For this purpose, in addition to an introduction, a conclusion and the list of the sources, this study has been divided into two parts. In the first part, definition of the phonological rules, each one of deletion and changing of the sounds, loanwords and change of the sounds have been discussed. In the second part, an analysis and statistics have been presented about the words, borrowed from the English language and entered the Kurdish language, which face deletion and change of their sounds.
Meaning and Psychological Meaning
Authors: Othman Diman Ahmad , Xoshnaw Nariman Abdullah
Published: September 2022

This research is entitled “Psychological Implications in Poetic Images of the Collection of: A Linguistic Study”. This study discusses types of meaning. Generally, meaning is categorized into two parts: semantic meaning and pragmatic meaning. Besides, it also discusses the interpretations of the artistic phenomena of psychological implications and shows their implications. Meaning is generally a multidisciplinary and sophisticated concept; hence it has been categorized differently. And those who discussed meaning, they have conducted their own evaluations.