bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Three Types of Stud Attachments on Retention and Strain Energy in the Mandibular Implant-Supported Overdentures
Authors: Esfahanizadeh Gholamreza , Mohammadi-Asl Saeed , Navai Parvaneh Lavasani
Published: December 2020

Background: The present in vitro study assessed he effects of three different Stud attachments on the retention and strain energy in the mandibular implant-supported overdentures.

Methods: Two parallel implants (Implantium System) were placed on the mandibular canines’ regions and a chrome-cobalt casting framework was prepared as the denture base. The implant fixtures were installed on the canine location and the pulling was performed by three orthodontic wires in the Instron machine with a speed of 0.5 min/mm. Dislodging forces were applied to the housings in two vertical and oblique directions on three different Stud attachments (Ball, Kerator, Positioner). All three wires were connected to the device in the vertical position while one wire was separated from the molar’s region in the oblique loadings. The retention of these three attachments was statistically analyzed by means of one-way analysis of variance.

Results: Significant differences were found between the attachments (F (2, 15) =33.01, p<0.0001). Furthermore, Retention forces in the oblique loadings were significant differences between the attachments (F(2,15)=175.10, p<0.0001). The effect size, calculated using eta squared, was 0.95, which is considered large. The strain energy was 4.08, 3.05 and 1.04 J for the Ball, Positioner and Kerator attachments in the vertical loadings and 4.05, 1.44 and 3.07 J in the oblique loading respectively.

Conclusion: The retentive forces and strain energy of ball attachments were greatest than other studied attachments in the vertical and oblique loadings.
Nigerian Defence Academy Shooting Zone: Soil Speciation of the Kwanar-Doya Military Shooting Range, Kachia, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Nwaedozie Jonathan Maduka , Awe Femi Emmanuel , Aghanwa Ifeanyi Charles
Published: December 2020

The speciation of toxic metals of Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb, Zn, Ni and As in Kwanar – Doya Shooting site of the Nigerian Army, Military Training, Base Camp, Kachia, Kaduna State, Nigeria was investigated. The soil physico-chemical parameters, total metal content and sequential extraction methods were determined in duplicates using standard methods. The pH ranged from 3.93–4.51, showing the high acidity of the soil and electro -conductivity gave a mean value of 0.11 ms / cm showing the poor nutrient value of the soil). While the mean total metals values were Zinc: 28.94 mg/kg, Nickel: 13.45mg/kg, Manganese: 78: 12 mg/kg, Lead: 40.6 mg/kg, Arsenic: 305 mg/kg, Chromium: 49.32 mg/kg, Cobalt: 162:50 mg/kg and copper: 7.3 mg/kg. All the metals were above the W.H.O permissible limit for toxic metals in soils except Zinc and Nickel. The sequential partitioning and distribution and variation of toxic metals in the various fractions of the Nigerian Defence Academy Shooting Range soil were in the following order: Cobalt: Residual > Bound to carbonate > Exchangeable > Organic > Fe – Mn Oxide Arsenic: Fe – Mn Oxide > Bound to carbonate > Residual > Organic > Chromium: Bound to carbonate > Exchangeable > Fe – Mn Oxide > Organic > Residual. Nickel: Fe – Mn Oxide > Exchangeable > Bound to carbonate > Residual > Organic. Manganese: Residual > Fe – Mn Oxide > Bound to carbonate > Organic > Exchangeable. Lead: Residual > Organic > Bound to carbonate > Exchangeable > Fe – Mn Oxide. Zinc: Fe – Mn Oxide > Residual > Organic > Bound to carbonate > Exchangeable. Copper: Residual > Fe – Mn Oxide > Exchangeable > Bound to carbonate > Organic. The Toxic metals speciation of the soil samples indicate that the toxic metals were predominately in the non-residual fractions suggestive of input by anthropogenic sources and human activities due to military exercise and are readily available for plant uptake. This could pose serious health risk to the military personnel using the training period. Thus phyto-remediation technique which is cheap and non-destructive is recommended to be applied to remedy the affected toxic metals in the soil for its continual use as a military training ground and also preserve the soil fertility for continued agricultural use of the area when there is no military operation.
First Survey on the Edible Non-Wood Forest Products Sold in Uíge Province, Northern Angola
Authors: Mawunu M. , Makuntima P. , Masidivinga L. , Lautenschläger T. , Luyindula N. , Ngbolua K. N. , Lukoki L.
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to inventory, identify, characterize and valorize the various edible non wood forest products (NWFPs) sold in Uíge Province. Data for this study were collected between October 2016 and February 2020. A total of 156 edible NWFPs sellers were individually interviewed using semi-structured questionnaire at the 30 sales sites. 93.5% of edible NWFP sellers were female and 6.5% male. The main edible NWFPs sold in Uíge Province are animal products with 47 species, of which 48.9% are Mammals, 21.3% Insects, 12.8% Actinopterygii, 6.4% Birds, 8.5% Reptiles, and 2.1% Sarcopterygii. Plants represent 38.5% (35 species) of the edible NWFPs sold in the study area, of which 78.8% are Dicotyledones, 21.2% Monocotyledones, 2.9% Gnetophytes and 2.9% Pteridophytes. Besides, Mushrooms account for barely 9.9% of the edible NWFPs sold in this region. On the other hand, edible NWFPs are sold on formal and informal markets, in the bus parking lots, taxi runk, roadsides, restaurants and at the seller’ homes. For the sale of edible forest products, the vendors use non-standardized measuring units. The income generated by the sale of NWFPs is used to solve socio-economic problems in the household, including the purchase of basic necessities, health care, clothing, cosmetics, school materials, well-being, etc.
Amino Acid Profile, Mineral Bioavailability, and Sensory Properties of Biscuits Produced from Composite Blends of Wheat, Coconut and Defatted Fluted Pumpkin Seed Flour
Authors: Oyet G. I. , Chibor B. S.
Published: December 2020

The objective of this work was to produce biscuits from composite flour of wheat, coconut, and defatted fluted pumpkin seed and to evaluate the mineral bioavailability, amino acid profile and sensory properties of the composite biscuits. Wheat/coconut/defatted fluted pumpkin seed flours were blended in the ratio; 100/0/0, 80/10/10, 70/20/10, 60/30/10, 50/40/10, 40/50/10 and labelled as sample A, B, C, D, E and F respectively. Biscuits were baked with these composite flours using the creaming method. Lysine content ranged from 3.35-5.07g/100g, with sample F given significantly higher value followed by samples E (4.70g.100g) and D (4.33g/100g). All the essential amino acids increased significantly with increased substitution of coconut and fluted pumpkin seed flour, except phenyl-lanine and cysteine that decreased from 4.98 – 3.90 and 1.22 – 0.69g/100g respectively in sample A to E. Sample E gave higher total Ca, Fe, K and Zn of 26.89, 17.92, 86.02 and 2.82mg/100g respectively. Percentage bioavailability of Ca, Fe, Na, K and Zn were significantly higher in sample F with values of 59.67, 51.35, 58.22, 59.67 and 47.74% respectively. Sample E recorded the highest overall acceptability score of 6.38. This score was however not significantly different from scores obtained for samples A, B, C and D. Production of composite biscuits with 50/40/10% wheat/coconut/defatted fluted pumpkin seed flour is highly recommended.
Status and Prospects of Agroforestry at Kaligonj Upazila in Satkhira District
Authors: Nurunnahar . , Pitol Md. Najmus Syadat , Sharmin Arifa
Published: December 2020

This study presents a synopsis of different types of agroforestry practiced and farmer’s perception and attitudes towards it at Kaligonj Upazila in Satkhira district. It particularly focused on demography of respondents, land use pattern, land tenureship, choices of species for agroforestry, farmers’ perceptions towards agroforestry, status and problems of agroforestry practices. A survey was conducted and a total 100 of respondents were selected to collect information about the types of agroforestry accomplished here. In the study area, different types of agroforestry were practiced like homestead agroforestry, cropland agroforestry, agri-aqua silviculture, agri-silvopastoral and agro-aqua culture. The majority of the farmers were middle-aged 54% (between 36-50 years). In the study zone, the mainstream of the respondents (97%) were male and only 5% of the respondents were female who worked in homestead agroforestry. Most of the farmers about 56% were educated to the primary level. Mostly the farmers (70%) have their own land and they practiced agroforestry, but the farmers (12%) took leased land from others were not agreed. The majority of farmers (38%) had shown positive perception (agree) and 36% strongly agreed about agroforestry. About 98% of farmers had a positive attitude towards homestead agroforestry, 66% towards cropland agroforestry and 82% towards fish farm agroforestry.
Adoption of Clay Charcoal Briquetting to Curb Deforestation and the Impacts of Covid-19 Pandemic in Rural Areas, Kenya
Authors: Otieno J. , Otieno A. C.
Published: December 2020

Wood fuel is the principal source of energy in Kenya and contributes to more than 17% of the global deforestation. Saving on the amount of charcoal used at home will not only help save on cost that can be used to offset the economic burden caused by the impacts of COVID-19 pandemic but also control deforestation. This will foster the realization of more than10% tree cover in Kenya by 2022 as per the presidential directive of 2019, Kenya Vision 2030 and the Constitution of Kenya 2010. This study aimed at promoting this goal by encouraging adoption of charcoal briquettes made from clay soil as a binder, charcoal dust and charcoal pellets as raw materials and ignited by pure charcoal (PC) to produce energy to form Clay Charcoal Blend Briquettes (CCBB). The study compared the amount of energy consumed by a household of five people using CCBB and PC. The results were: adoption of CCBB reduced the amount of charcoal used by 1.025kg per day, 21.325kg per week, 92.25kg per month and 1,122.375kg per year. This would save hundreds of trees from destruction. Additionally, using CCBB saved a household Ksh.45 (0.41USD) a day, Ksh. 945 (8.59 USD) a week, Ksh. 4,050 (36.82 USD) a month and Ksh. 49,275 (447.95 USD) a year as compared to using PC. The study therefore encouraged for adoption of CCBB concept.
Alih Aksara dan Alih Bahasa Teks Paparan Adat Limbago Alam Minangkabau
Authors: Feblinda Serly , Nurizzati Nurizzati
Published: December 2020

This study aims to describe the physical description form of the Paparan Adat Limbago Alam Minangkabau Dan Sejarah Asal-Usul Pertalian Negeri-Negeri Disusun Oleh Wahid Datuak Rajo Basa Qadi Salamat manuscript; to explain the form of the transcription of the text of Paparan Adat Limbago Alam Minangkabau Dan Sejarah Asal-Usul Pertalian Negeri-Negeri Disusun Oleh Wahid Datuak Rajo Basa Qadi Salamat in the text of the Paparan Adat Limbago Alam Minangkabau Dan Sejarah Asal-Usul Pertalian Negeri-Negeri Disusun Oleh Wahid Datuak Rajo Basa Qadi Salamat; to display the form of the translation of the text of the Paparan Adat Limbago Alam Minangkabau Dan Sejarah Asal-Usul Pertalian Negeri-Negeri Disusun Oleh Wahid Datuak Rajo Basa Qadi Salamat text in the Paparan Adat Limbago Alam Minangkabau Dan Sejarah Asal-Usul Pertalian Negeri-Negeri Disusun Oleh Wahid Datuak Rajo Basa Qadi Salamat manuscript. This research is philology research. This research resulted in (1) description of Paparan Adat Limbago Alam Minangkabau Dan Sejarah Asal-Usul Pertalian Negeri-Negeri Disusun Oleh Wahid Datuak Rajo Basa Qadi Salamat manuscript; (2) the transfer of Paparan Adat Limbago Alam Minangkabau Dan Sejarah Asal-Usul Pertalian Negeri-Negeri Disusun Oleh Wahid Datuak Rajo Basa Qadi Salamat’s text which is transcribed from Arabic-Malay script to Latin script; (3) the transfer of the text of the Paparan Adat Limbago Alam Minangkabau Dan Sejarah Asal-Usul Pertalian Negeri-Negeri Disusun Oleh Wahid Datuak Rajo Basa Qadi Salamat text which was translated from Malay into Indonesian.
Struktur dan Fungsi Sosial Ungkapan Larangan Masyarakat di Kanagarian Pasir Baru
Authors: Pertiwi Pertiwi , Zulfadhli Zulfadhli
Published: December 2020

The Minangkabau community has long been known for its oral tradition. Through this, advice, manners and social values are integrated from generation to generation. One variety of this tradition is the expression of prohibitions. This study aimed to describe the structure of people’s belief in prohibition expressions about the human body and medicines in Kanagarian Pasir Baru; the social function of oral tradition in the form of prohibition expressions about the human body and medicines in Kanagarian Pasir Baru. This type of research is a qualitative study using descriptive methods. Data in this study were obtained from interviews with the native speakers. The steps of data collection can be categorized as follows: data inventory, preliminary analysis, recording, transliteration, interviews and reporting.  The results of the analysis indicate the structure of prohibition expressions about the human body and medicines in Kanagarian Pasir Baru was divided into two forms, namely two parts and three parts. Moreover, the social function of people's belief in prohibition expressions about the human body and medicines such as a) the belief enhancement function, b) the imaginary projection system, c) the educational function, d) the inhibit function, and e) the entertainment function.
Teaching of «outpatient therapy» under conditions of intercluster interaction
Authors: Larina V. N. , Fedorova E. V. , Orlov D. A. , Golovko M. G. , Bolotskikh V. I. , Zuykova A. A. , Kotova Yu. A.
Published: December 2020

The article provides a detailed analysis of the educational complex in the discipline "Outpatient therapy", which is taught at the relevant departments of RNIMU named after N.I. Pirogov and the department of the same name VSMU named after N.N. Burdenko. Both of these universities are part of the East European NOMK, which was created to implement the Strategy for the Development of Medical Science in the Russian Federation for the period until 2025. The fundamental difference between the educational process in the two universities is the different distribution of the hourly load across semesters and the methodological approach to studying the discipline. Various approaches to teaching discipline in universities are aimed at achieving a common goal - the training of medical personnel focused on achievement of a common goal - the training of medical personnel oriented to the professional standard “Physician-general practitioner (district general practitioner)” and the provision of primary health care. The experience accumulated by the staff of the departments allows us to fully approach the training of specialists and, quite justifiably, to begin interaction between structures for the exchange of this experience.
Ocenka effektivnosti gigienicheskogo vospitaniya shkol'nikov i studentov po formirovaniyu navykov bezopasnogo ispol'zovaniya elektronnyh ustrojstv
Authors: Милушкина О. Ю. , Маркелова С. В. , Скоблина Н. А. , Моисеев А. Б. , Аль-Сабунчи А. А. , Татаринчик А. А. , Савчук П. О. , Иевлева О. В.
Published: December 2020

Negativnoe vliyanie cifrovoj sredy na zdorov'e molodezhi stimuliruet poisk novyh priemov gigienicheskogo vospitaniya. Cel'yu raboty byli aprobaciya i gigienicheskaya ocenka effektivnosti praktiki formirovaniya zdorovogo obraza zhizni u studentov i shkol'nikov v chasti formirovaniya navykov bezopasnogo ispol'zovaniya elektronnyh ustrojstv. V issledovanii prinyali uchastie 256 studentov, 200 uchashchihsya starshih klassov, 400 prepodavatelej i 251 roditel'. Gigienicheskoe vospitanie osushchestvlyali s ispol'zovaniem opublikovannyh v nauchnoj literature materialov po zdorovomu obrazu zhizni, a takzhe materialov, razmeshchennyh na Internet-resursah medicinskih organizacij, professional'no rabotayushchih v etoj oblasti i ih gruppah v social'nyh setyah «Odnoklassniki», «VKontakte», «Facebook», «Instagram» i dr. Bylo organizovano dinamicheskoe nablyudenie za fizicheskim razvitiem shkol'nikov i studentov, a takzhe anketirovanie shkol'nikov, studentov, prepodavatelej, roditelej. Dlya statisticheskoj obrabotki rezul'tatov ispol'zovali metody opisatel'noj statistiki, t-kriterij St'yudenta, korrelyacionnyj, diskriminantnyj i klasternyj analizy, provodili raschet riskov. Naibolee populyarnym istochnikom informacii o sohranenii zdorov'ya respondenty otmetili Internet: sredi shkol'nikov — 79,0%, studentov — 88,6%, roditelej — 64,9%, prepodavatelej — 50,4%. Aprobirovannaya praktika gigienicheskogo vospitaniya pozvolila snizit' chislo shkol'nikov i studentov, ne imevshih navykov bezopasnogo ispol'zovaniya elektronnyh ustrojstv do 20 i 25% sootvetstvenno; sokratit' prodolzhitel'nost' ispol'zovaniya smartfona v techenie dnya; uvelichit' dvigatel'nuyu aktivnost', a takzhe dolyu detej s normal'nym fizicheskim razvitiem (p ≤ 0,01); sposobstvovala uvelicheniyu prodolzhitel'nosti nochnogo sna. Aprobirovannye sposoby vospitaniya finansovo ne zatratny i mogut byt' tirazhirovany v drugih regionah i organizaciyah.
Alawites Rebellion in Syria Against Egyptian Rule (1834-1835)
Authors: Omar Yousef Hussein
Published: December 2020

The history of Alawites in Syria witnessed an important stage, when they rebelled against Egyptian rule 1834-1835, after centuries of living under the rule of the Ottoman Empire. This research deals with an introduction to the Alawites and their lives in Syria during the period of Ottoman rule until Muhammad Ali Pasha took control as part of starting a new era of Egyptian rule in Syria in 1832. This research also examines the reasons for the rebellion of the Alawites against the Egyptians in 1834: Disarm, Military Conscription, Cotton Press Machine, and Cutting Down Forests and Trees. The research also deals with the first beginnings of the rebellion and the most important events therein, in addition to the operations of the Alawite rebels in controlling the territories involved including Yunus rebellion, the robberies, the release of prisoners, and the execution of Druze soldiers. This is while also considering the efforts made by the Egyptian authorities to suppress the rebellion. The research also deals with the problem of the selling of Alawites women, the Egyptian reaction to it, and how the Ottomans dealt with the rebellion as a whole. The reasons behind the rebellion’s failure have also been discussed. The conclusion addresses the most important results of this research. This research relied on many contemporary Arab documents that recorded the details of the events of the rebellion, in addition to recent references that approach the rebellion through a form of analysis in terms of the circumstances of the rebellion and the reasons for its failure. This research is based on a descriptive historical method and the analytical method as much as possible, which is appropriate for this type of research.
Toplumsaldan Siyasala: Sosyo-Dinsel Bir İnşa Olarak Heterodoksi Kavramının Siyasallaşması
Authors: COŞKUNER Murat
Published: December 2020

Yeni bir toplum inşa etmek ya da mevcut toplumun varoluşuna istikrar kazandırmak gibi siyasal görevler üstlenmiş yönetici elitler özellikle toplumsal grupların birbirine bağımlılığını vurgulamak suretiyle toplum içerisinde ortaya çıkabilecek siyasal mücadeleleri engellemeye çalışmışlardır. Bu ideolojik hedef doğrultusunda üretilen literatür de ya siyasal nitelikleri geri plana itilmiş sosyolojik terimlerle oluşturulmuş ya da teolojik perspektiflerin ağırlığı altında kalmıştır. Türk ulus-devleti için modern ve milli bir toplum yaratmayı amaçlayan yönetici elitlerin kullandıkları heterodoksi kavramının da böyle bir bağlam içerisinde inşa edildiğini göstermeyi deneyecek olan çalışma bunun 1980’li yılların sonlarından itibaren dönüşmeye başladığını savunacaktır. Bu yıllarda ortaya çıkıp gelişmeye başlayan, din ve siyaset kategorileri arasında esaslı bir ayrım yapmayan ve Alevi kökenli yazarlar tarafından üretilen popüler nitelikli matbuatın mevcut dönüşümde önemli bir etkisinin olduğu gösterilecektir. Akademik bir niteliğe sahip olmayan söz konusu yazının, yine de heterodoksi ve ortodoksi kavramlarının akademik alandaki kullanımlarında dönüşüm yarattığı, onların direniş, tahakküm, iktidar ve yönetilen halk kesimleri gibi siyasal literatürün önemli terimleriyle bir arada düşünülmesini sağladığı ileri sürülecektir. Akademik alan içerisinde heterodoksi ve ortodoksi kavramlarının yeniden anlamlandırılmasında Alevi toplulukların 1980’li yılların sonlarından itibaren üretmeye başladıkları matbuatın rolünü odağına alan çalışma bu vesileyle Türkiye’de bilim sosyolojisi çalışmalarına bir katkı sunacağı gibi, bu toplulukların küçümsenen ve görmezden gelinen popüler nitelikli matbuatının siyaset bilimi çalışmaları için nasıl sonuçlar ortaya çıkardığını gösterecektir.

Çalışmanın kapsamı içerisinde ilk bölümde, ilgili kavramların sosyo-dinsel inşasında etkili olan yazarlar incelenecektir. İzleyen bölümde Alevi matbuatının ortaya çıkışı tartışılarak bu matbuatın heterodoksi ve ortodoksi kavramlarının yeni bir içeriğe kavuşmasında ne tür bir temel oluşturduğu öne çıkartılacaktır. Son bölümde ise politik bir içeriğe kavuşturulmaya başlayan bu kavramların bilim alanındaki örneklerine değinilecektir.
Tasavvuf Klasikleri Eşliğinde Safevîler Öncesinde Sema (Semah)
Authors: BAHARLU İlgar
Published: December 2020

Aleviliğin aslî ritüellerinden biri olan semahın tarihî geçmişinin açıklığa kavuşturulması, günümüz Aleviliğinin tarihî arka planını bütün yönleriyle ortaya koymak açısından son derece önemlidir. Bu bağlamda günümüzde de devam eden söz konusu ritüelin başlangıç noktasını tespit etmek, oluşumunda hangi kaynak ya da kaynaklardan beslendiğini ortaya çıkarmak sadece Alevilik araştırmaları özelinde değil tasavvuf tarihi için de önemli bir boşluğu dolduracaktır. Semah da tüm ritüeller gibi tarihî seyri içinde coğrafi, sosyo-kültürel, siyasî ve ekonomik şartlardan etkilenerek farklı evrelerden geçmiş ve günümüzdeki şeklini almıştır. Bu noktada semahın ortaya çıkış süreci için, gelenek içindeki söylenişi ile “Horasan’dan gelme” kabulü, değerli bir ipucu olarak tarihi Horasan coğrafyasında bu ritüelin varlığı, niteliği, başlangıcı, kim veya kimler tarafından “hal” makamının bir ifadesi olarak ikame edildiği gibi ayrıntıların tespiti, sözü edilen boşluğun doldurulması adına oldukça değerlidir.

İzaha muhtaç bir diğer husus da şeriat ehlinin (ehl-i zahir veya zahir uleması) semaha bakışıdır. Zira konu ile ilgili fetva ve görüşler bir taraftan içinde bulundukları dönemin sosyal ve dinî atmosferini gösterirken diğer taraftan sûfî zümreler arasında semahın mahiyet ve keyfiyetini de ortaya koymaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra fukahanın semaha karşı tutumu semahın farklı sûfî ekoller arasındaki yaygınlık oranına da işaret etmektedir. İslam’ı sadece şeriat ve fıkıh çerçevesinde değerlendiren zümreler karşısında tasavvuf ehlinin müdafaaları, özellikle semaha meşruiyet kazandırma amaçlı söz ve yazıları dikkate değer ayrıntılar içermektedir. Semah ritüelinin hakikat makamındaki yeri, lüzum ve varoluş gerekçesi ise bahsedilen ayrıntılar arasında ilk sıralardadır. Ayrıca kimi ulemanın semaha dair katı hükümleri de ilk dönem sûfîleriyle ilgili kabulleri zorlayacak olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Çalışma, Safevî dönemi öncesinde söz konusu kültür coğrafyasında yaşadığına tanıklık ettiğimiz semahın varlık ve içerik bağlamında ortaya konması açısından büyük önem arz etmektedir.

Tarihî kaynaklar, bilhassa birincil kabul edilen eserlerde semahın izlerini aramak bu nedenle elzem gözükmektedir. Çünkü bazı çalışmalarda “semâ” ve “semah” kavramlarının farklı içerik ve işlevleri ifade ettiğine dair görüşler meselenin açıklığa kavuşturulmasının ne denli zor olduğunu işaret etmektedir. Bu sebeple özellikle Anadolu sahasında yaygınlaşan bu iki kavramın kaynaklardaki yeri üzerinde durmak gerekmektedir. Ancak bu suretle söz konusu ritüelin ortaya çıkışı, tarihsel gelişimi ve günümüzdeki görünümü üzerine söz söylemek mümkün olacaktır.
Mobbing and corporate social responsibility: does the status of the organisation guarantee employee wellbeing and intentions to stay in the job?
Authors: Vveinhardt Jolita , Sroka Włodzimierz
Published: December 2020

Research background: In spite of abundant evidence that Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) contributes to improving the emotional state of employees as stakeholders and can serve as a useful tool for reduction of their turnover in organizations, until now, it remains unclear how the different status of CSR is related to consequences accompanying mobbing.
Purpose of the article: This study compares the emotional state and intentions of Polish and Lithuanian organizations? employees who have experienced mobbing with regard to the status of CSR. The paper presents part of the results of a wider study conducted in two neighbouring states, which are exclusively related to the employees? emotional state and employee intentions after experiencing mobbing in the workplace.
Methods: The research sample involved 823 respondents employed in Lithuania and Poland. The questionnaire survey was conducted using the questionnaire ?Mobbing as a Psychosocial Stressor in the Organizations Accessing and Implementing Corporate Social Responsibility ? MOB-CSR?. Comparisons are made with regard to and CSR and relate to Lithuania (LT) and Poland (PL), when organisations are divided into three groups: (I) Is CSR; (II) Seeks to be-come CSR and (III) Does not seek to become CSR. Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used as the research methods.
Findings & Value added: CSR is related to employees? better emotional state and lesser intentions to leave the organisation, but the study revealed unexpected results showing that according to certain parameters, the situation in the organisations seeking CSR was better than in those already declaring this status (e.g. the feeling of hopelessness, reluctance to seek better results, etc.). It is discussed why the results between countries that have similar historical experience and are culturally close differ. The conclusions emphasize the necessity for practitioners and researchers to evaluate the impact of change on employees? emotional state and intentions at different stages of CSR implementation more carefully. Besides, the results revealed a significant impact of the different status of enterprises with regard to CSR on employees? emotional state and intentions to stay in the job. This article contributes to the literature analysing organizational management by filling gaps in empirical research on CSR, mobbing, employees? emotional state and intentions in different cultures.
Enterprise innovation in technology incubators and university business incubators in the context of Polish industry
Authors: Gorączkowska Jadwiga
Published: December 2020

Research Background: The development of fledgling enterprises, especially those associated with medium-high and high technology is not easy. They often need to develop from inception a born global strategy, which is a great challenge at the beginning of a new business. Therefore, there is a global phenomenon of incubation, which supports young enterprises in the early stages of development. In Poland, the institutional dimension of incubation (especially for enterprises associated with modern technologies) consists of technology incubators and university business incubators. Yet, scientific research con-ducted in the area of entrepreneurship incubation gives contradictory results - some assess their activity positively, others negatively.
Purpose of the article: Enterprises located in an incubator should allocate funds for R&D activities and create innovations to develop and gain market advantage. With this in mind, the purpose of the article is to check whether technology incubators and university business incubators contribute to an increase in the likelihood of conducting R&D activities and introducing product and process innovations.
Methods: The study was conducted on a sample of 1058 industrial enterprises distributed across 2 Polish NUTS level 2 regions: Pomeranian and Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodships. It concerned innovative activity that enterprises conducted in 2014?2016. Thanks to the use of probit modeling determination was made for the probability of introducing new products and conducting R&D works in entities that used the services of incubators in relation to those that did not belong to them.
Findings & Value added: Econometric modeling revealed that in the studied regions incubators contribute to an increase in the introduction of product innovations by enterprises and in conducting R&D activities. Support for the process of implementing innovation occurred significantly more often only in the case where technology incubators were involved. At the same time, it was noticed that only academic incubators increased the chances of introducing product innovations on a global scale. This means that tenants of technology incubators are more innovative than entities outside them, but their innovations in terms of the level of novelty do not differ from innovations implemented in entities outside incubators. The conducted study indicated that the transfer of systemic solutions related to stimulating innovation from developed countries to catching-up countries may be successful. This is a guideline for local authorities to create incubators that allow for an increase in the level of innovation of the incubated enterprises.
¿Era Aristóteles indiferente al deporte? Análisis de Ética a Nicómaco, Retórica, Política, Metafísica y Acerca del alma
Authors: Rodríguez-López Juan
Published: December 2020

Después del análisis sistemático de cinco obras principales de Aristóteles -Ética a Nicómaco, Retórica, Política, Metafísica y Acerca del alma-, se puede advertir un muy considerable aprecio intelectual de Aristóteles por la actividad deportiva, que se manifiesta en: a) un número abundante de referencias en Retórica, Política y Ética de Nicómaco, b) la inclusión de las cualidades deportivas y competitivas en las listas de bienes que convienen al hombre, en Retórica, c) la importancia educativa y social que Aristóteles da a la actividad deportiva, en Política y d) la creación de una rica epistemología sobre la ciencia del ejercicio físico y el deporte, en Ética a Nicómaco, Retórica, Política y Metafísica.
Koleksi surat kabar langka Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia sebagai sumber penelitian sejarah global
Authors: Supratman Frial Ramadhan
Published: December 2020

Rare newspapers are one of the primary sources that can be used in historical research. Historians often use newspapers as a source of research. Therefore historians often come to the National Library of the Republic of Indonesia to conduct consultations on newspaper collections. Librarians should help historians find this main source. Thus, this research explains how the rare newspaper collection can be useful for historians in researching global history. The method used in this paper was descriptive qualitative. This method conducted a description and analysis to a research object, where the researcher a qualitative analysis of the research object. This study surveyed ten newspapers and sorted them into six papers, which were then analyzed. From the study results, the authors found that six rare newspapers in the National Library of the Republic of Indonesia could be used as a primary source in researching global history. The six papers were 'Oetoesan Hindia', 'Pancaran Warta', 'Keng Po', 'Warta Hindia', 'Pemandangan', and 'Soeara Oemoem.’ The conclusions of this research are; first, newspapers can be used as a primary source of global history because they contain writings that respond to global dynamics. Second, criteria for newspapers that can be used as a source of global history research are those that provide information and opinions on global developments.
El periurbano productivo de la ciudad de La Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina)
Authors: Oyhenart Evelia Edith , Luis María Antonia , Torres María Fernanda , Forte Luis María , Garraza Mariela , Quintero Fabián Aníbal , Bergel Sanchís María Laura , Navazo Bárbara , Luna María Eugenia , Cesani María Florencia
Published: December 2020

El objetivo fue conocer el estado nutricional y las características ambientales y socioeconómicas de residencia de escolares del periurbano productivo de la ciudad de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Entre los ciclos lectivos 2014-2017 se relevó peso y talla y se calculó el índice de masa corporal de 3.696 escolares, de entre 3 y 14 años de edad, residentes en seis localidades ubicadas en la periferia de la ciudad de La Plata. La información acerca del contexto de residencia se obtuvo mediante encuestas e indicó un ambiente empobrecido, con escaso saneamiento, padres con bajo nivel de instrucción y empleo mayoritariamente no formalizado. Hubo 4,8% de retraso lineal del crecimiento, 0,5% de desnutrición aguda, 24,6% de sobrepeso y 18,2% de obesidad. La coexistencia de ambos extremos de malnutrición ilustra una paradoja nutricional enel entorno de la producción de alimentos saludables.
Aceleración y estabilización: disparidad en la tendencia de obesidad en escolares de la provincia de La Pampa (Argentina) entre 1990 y 2016
Authors: Orden Alicia B. , Apezteguia María C. , Mayer Marcos A.
Published: December 2020

A pesar de los esfuerzos de diversos organismos para reducir la obesidad, sólo algunos países desarrollados muestran una desaceleración o estabilización de su prevalencia. Este trabajo presenta las tendencias en el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y las prevalencias de sobrepeso (SP) y obesidad (OB) ocurridas en escolares entre 1990 y 2016, y su distribución socioeconómica. Se compararon tres encuestas transversales realizadas en 1990, 2005/07 y 2015/16 en escolares primarios de Santa Rosa (La Pampa, Argentina). Para estandarizar los valores de IMC y definir las categorías SP y OB se empleó la referencia International Obesity Task Force (IOTF). El tipo de escuela se empleó como medida de nivel socioeconómico (NSE). Para analizar la asociación entre las variables dependientes con año de encuesta, sexo y NSE se aplicaron modelos de regresión lineal (IMC) y logística (SP, OB). El cambio temporal en las prevalencias de SP y OB se evaluó mediante Chi- cuadrado de tendencia entre proporciones. IMC, SP y OB incrementaron significativamente en el periodo 1990-2016, resultando en un tercio de la población con exceso de peso. Entre 2005/07 y 2015/16 sólo hubo incrementos significativos en niños que asistían a escuelas públicas. Las tendencias fueron similares en varones y niñas. Se concluye que el estatus de peso en esta población escolar muestra un patrón de aumento no lineal pero continuo en los últimos 25 años, con una estabilización en los sectores de mayor NSE durante la última década.
Primer estudio paleoparasitológico en restos humanos de la provincia de Córdoba (Holoceno tardío)
Authors: Ramirez Darío Alejandro , Vieira de Souza Mônica , Mayo Iñiguez Alena , Fabra Mariana
Published: December 2020

La paleoparasitología en la Argentina ha producido un gran número de trabajos, especialmente en Patagonia. Sin embargo, hay ausencia de estos estudios en las poblaciones de la región central del país. En este sentido, realizamos la primera investigación sobre infestaciones parasitarias en restos humanos de sitios arqueológicos de la provincia de Córdoba. Se estudiaron 13 individuos de 4 sitios arqueológicos, datados entre 2562 ± 47 y 533 ± 57 14C años AP. Los análisis paleoparasitológicos se aplicaron sobre 20 muestras de sedimentos provenientes de la cavidad pélvica, empleando las técnicas de sedimentación espontánea, disgregación en ácido clorhídrico y flotación en sacarosa. Se hallaron estructuras sugestivas de huevos de helmintos de las superfamilias Ascaridoidea y Heterakoidea, y otros de nemátodos no identificados. Debido a que los animales son los huéspedes definitivos de estos parásitos, los resultados podrían sugerir la presencia de falso parasitismo en los individuos de la región. La relación cercana de los humanos con los animales, utilizados como parte de la dieta, se sustenta en estudios isotópicos y zooarqueológicos previos. La escasez de hallazgos parasitarios en este estudio posiblemente se debe a factores tafonómicos y a las características ambientales de los sitios.
Fallas en la consolidación de redes inter organizacionales
Authors: Scoponi Liliana Marcela , Pacheco Dias Marcelo Fernandes , Piñeiro Verónica
Published: December 2020

Actualmente se manifiesta una tendencia a la “des-comoditización” de los alimentos, con mayor demanda de productos de calidad, saludables e inocuos. En este contexto, la cooperación en la cadena productiva surge como una estrategia posible para que productores agropecuarios de oferta atomizada amplíen sus capacidades, agreguen valor y logren ventajas competitivas mediante el trabajo en red, frente a otros actores con mayor poder de negociación. La literatura sobre redes inter organizacionales ha enfatizado las ventajas de la cooperación. Sólo recientemente han surgido estudios que analizan fallas de experiencias asociativas bajo un enfoque dinámico, en virtud de la alta tasa de redes que no llegan a consolidarse. Por lo tanto, el presente trabajo procura identificar los factores de fracaso presentes en la etapa de formación y desarrollo de alianzas en la cadena de la carne vacuna del Sudoeste bonaerense, dada la importancia que tiene la ganadería bovina para el desarrollo territorial local y las dificultades de coordinación que tradicionalmente presenta esta cadena en diferentes países. La investigación adopta el método de casos. A partir de entrevistas semi-estructuradas, se observaron como principales factores determinantes: el perfil de los participantes, su rivalidad, la oportunidad del lanzamiento y dificultades de gobernanza.
Escolarización y pandemia
Authors: Terigi Flavia
Published: December 2020

El propósito del trabajo es analizar las alteraciones que han tenido lugar en el proceso de escolarización en el marco de la pandemia producida por el COVID y señalar, al compás del análisis, algunos fenómenos emergentes que requieren atención por parte de la investigación. Tras una caracterización conceptual de la escolarización como proceso histórico específico, se ofrece un análisis de los supuestos pedagógicos de la escolarización, seguido de un análisis de los modos en que se han visto alterados en el contexto de la pandemia. El trabajo se detiene luego en el problema del agravamiento de las desigualdades, como consecuencia de brechas previas en el acceso y el uso de conectividad y dispositivos, y en las tensiones entre derecho y mercado que se generan a partir de la imbricación creciente entre educación y plataformas.
Diálogo entre ciencia política y comunicación social para pensar la democracia y la ciudadanía
Authors: Martin María Elena , Barrios Rosaura
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo es un diálogo teórico entre la Ciencia Política y la Comunicación Social que busca puntos de contactos para pensar ciudadanías políticas fuertes en regímenes democráticos. El derecho a la comunicación es el principal hilo conductor de este planteo, el cual nos habilita a pensar que su ejercicio es necesario para la vida misma. Las autoras plantean la imposibilidad de pensar una democracia fuerte sin la participación de medios de comunicación plurales, que son potencialmente habilitadores de la palabra y visibilizadores de problemáticas y temas propios de la vida en democracia. El objetivo del presente artículo es construir una malla teórica capaz de sostener planteos que den cuenta del concepto de ciudadanía.
Autopercepciones del cuerpo-enfermo en mujeres con cáncer
Authors: Soto Ester Cofré
Published: December 2020

Este trabajo se enmarca en los estudios de la comunicación para la salud y su propósito es comprender las autopercepciones del cuerpo y la enfermedad en mujeres con cáncer de mamas, incorporando el análisis del contexto social y cultural. En este sentido, se espera aportar ciertas zbases para pensar los diseños comunicacionales de la salud pública en los casos de pacientes con cáncer de mamas, a partir de los relatos de algunas mujeres.
Influence of pull factors on the travel motivation of foreign tourists towards Bodrum-Turkey destination
Authors: GÜNAYDIN Yusuf , ÖZER Özgür , ATAMAN Doğan
Published: December 2020

The pull factors play an important role in effectively marketing a tourist destination. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to determine the pull factors that affected the foreign tourists' choice of Bodrum as their holiday destination. The study used the questionnaire technique in order to collect the data from the foreign tourists visiting the Bodrum destination in 2019. The frequency analysis and statistical tests such as reliability analysis, factor analysis, t-test and variance analysis were applied to the data obtained through the survey. As a result of the factor analysis, the pull factors affecting the foreign tourists' preferences of Bodrum were found out as being price, accessibility, promotion and marketing, service quality, safety and security. Among these pull factors that affected the choice of holiday destination for foreign tourists, safety and security were identified as the most important factor. This result suggests that the pull factor of safety and security were effective in choosing Bodrum as a tourist destination.
The impact of liquidity risk on bank profitability: some empirical evidence from the European banks following the introduction of Basel III regulations
Authors: Golubeva Olga , Duljic Michel , Keminen Ripsa
Published: December 2020

Research Question: The study investigates the impact of liquidity on bank profitability following implementation of the Basel III regulations. Motivation: The theoretical framework of the paper draws upon previous research (Athanasoglou et al., 2008; Arif & Nauman Anees, 2012 and Dietrich et al., 2014) and assumes liquidity ratios to have a varying influence on bank profitability, depending upon a bank's specific and macroeconomic indicators. Idea: This study considers multiple proxies of bank liquidity, including Liquidity Coverage Ratio, a new measure inspired by the Basel III framework, and Loan-to-deposit and Financing gap ratio. Alongside traditionally-applied profitability measures, Earnings before Taxes, Depreciation and Amortisation are assumed to be alternative proxies. Data: In the study, a data set of 45 European banks with 180 observations during 2014-2017 and 37 observations for 2018 has been analysed. Tools: The study proposes a quantitative model based upon Ordinary Least Squires techniques complemented by Weighted Least Squares regressions analysis. Findings: The alternative liquidity risk measures have a significant and positive impact only on some profitability proxies, and an insignificant effect on others. The Basel III liquidity measure, LCR, was an insignificant contributor to all return proxies, which requires further investigation. The results also indicate that an increase in bank size and net provision for loan losses decreases profitability proxies. We also found mixed results concerning the effects of deposits and securities gains and losses on bank profits, and provided possible explanation.
Learning from oligopoly rivalry: Implications for business financial statements
Authors: Kaymaz Mike Onder , Kaymaz Ozgur
Published: December 2020

Research question: Utilizing the tenets of oligopoly competition that is a well-known type of imperfect rivalry, this study is interested in building a financial theory of inter-company price or pricing (ICP) economics and documenting its direct affinity with corporate financial reporting in general and corporate financial statements in particular. It is also interested in executing an analytical application unveiling the straight linkage of ICP with financial disclosure. Motivation: There is an extant body of literature that examines different ICP structures for different companies and industries or markets. However, the literature is silent in corroborating any explicit association that we argue and show does exist between ICP and accounting. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to break this silence. Idea: Cost advantage and operating profit are exploited to do the theorization and accounting implementation, by justifying the linkage between ICP and business financial statements. Findings: Investigations show that given that businesses transact or compete with each other at arm’s length terms under oligopoly competition with a Stackelberg game; ceteris paribus, the operating profit figure of the business with cost advantage will be higher than the operating profit figure of the business without cost advantage. Investigations also show that given that businesses transact or compete with each other at arm’s length terms under oligopoly competition with a Stackelberg game; ceteris paribus, asset size, earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT), earnings before taxes (EBT) and hence net income/profit after tax (NPAT) figures of the business with cost advantage will always be higher than asset size, EBIT, EBT and therefore NPAT figures of the business without cost advantage. Investigations further suggest that given that businesses transact or compete with each other at arm’s length terms under oligopoly competition with a Cournot game where there is neither any cost advantage nor disadvantage one way or the other; ceteris paribus, the operating profit, asset size, EBIT, EBT and NPAT figures of the interacting business among the others will be identical.
Environmental, social, governance (ESG), and financial performance of European banks
Authors: Bătae Oana Marina , Dragomir Voicu Dan , Feleagă Liliana
Published: December 2020

Research Question: How do ESG and financial performance indicators vary according to different classifications of European banks? Motivation: Banks’ ESG performance and its relationship with corporate financial performance represents a field of continuous interest for researchers and practitioners. The results of previous studies are still mixed, either positive, negative, or even neutral. What’s new? The novelty of this paper is represented by the statistical comparison of variables that measure the ESG and financial performance of European banks based on three classifications that we propose (i.e. the geographical regions of Europe, functional currency, and cluster analysis on GDP and population of European countries, respectively). To the best of our knowledge, there are no studies applied to the banking sector, analyzing the selected variables between groups of banks according to the aforementioned classifications. So what? We contribute to the field by extending Thomson Reuters’ grouping of banks (Emerging and Developed Europe) with three more classifications. The comparison of ESG and financial performance data contributes to practice by highlighting which parts of Europe contain the banks with the highest and respectively the lowest values of ESG and financial performance, controversies, and audit fees. Therefore, the results will help investors, policymakers, regulatory bodies, bank managers, and auditors to acknowledge the significant differences within Europe and adopt appropriate measures that could improve the financial and sustainability performance of banks. Data: We collect data from Thomson Reuters Eikon, World Bank statistics, and EuroVoc for 108 European banks (81 from Developed Europe and 27 for Emerging Europe) for 2018, the most recent year on which all information is available. Tools: We conduct a cluster analysis on the macroeconomic variables of the study: the GDP per capita and the population. We used group tests and the ANOVA test as methods in analyzing the results. Findings and Contribution: We contribute with a quantitative study that fills the gap in the literature regarding significant differences that are obtained in ESG and financial performance of banks classified as Developed Europe versus Emerging Europe; Eurozone versus non-Euro countries; Western, CEE, Northern, and Southern banks; small GDP – large population and large GDP – small population clusters. Our methodology will improve future research in adopting better and more transparent classifications of companies analyzed at an international level.