bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential use of Indonesian basil (Ocimum basilicum) maceration to increase estradiol and progesterone synthesis and secretion to improve prenatal growth of offspring using female albino rats as an animal model
Authors: Andriyanto Andriyanto , Widi Leliana Nugrahaning , Subangkit Mawar , Tarigan Elpita , Irarang Yusa , Nengsih Rindy Fazni , Manalu Wasmen
Published: May 2022

Background and Aim: Basil is well known as a medicinal plant that contains high essential oils and antioxidant compounds that have the potential to improve ovarian development. Thus, basil may have the potential to improve the growth and development of the uterus and placenta for optimal prenatal growth of offspring. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Indonesian basil maceration on gonad development of mature female albino rats.

Materials and Methods: Fifteen 8-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats, at the diestrus stage of the estrus cycle, were divided into three different treatment groups: Control group (mineral water), bas-low group (1% of basil maceration), and bas-high group (5% of basil maceration). Basil maceration was dissolved and administered in mineral drinking water, and the treatments were given for 20 days (4 estrus cycles). At the end of the treatment period, serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol, and progesterone (Pg) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relative weight of the ovary and uterus; diameter and length of uterine cornual; vascularization of uterus; the diameter of uterine glands; the number of primary, secondary, and tertiary de Graaf follicles; the number of corpora luteum; as well as the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the ovary were determined.

Results: There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the serum FSH level of rats treated with basil maceration drinking water doses of 1% and 5% compared to the control group. However, serum estradiol and Pg concentrations in the 1% and 5% basil maceration groups were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those of the control group. Furthermore, 1% and 5% basil maceration significantly increased the uterus's relative weight, diameter, and vascularization. Serum estradiol concentrations contributed to the elevated expression of VEGF compared to Pg.

Conclusion: Administration of basil maceration for 20 days before mating could improve follicle growth and development, eventually increasing estradiol synthesis and secretion, thus improving the uterus's preparation for implantation. This makes basil maceration an attractive candidate in clinical research to enhance the growth and development of the uterus and placenta, which will better support the optimum prenatal growth and development of embryos and fetuses, resulting in superior offspring.
Formulation of Super Saturable-Self Micro Emulsifying Loaded Centella asiatica L.
Extract and FTIR-based Fingerprinting Combinated Chemometrics Analysis
Authors: Wahyuni Arifah Sri , Da'i Muhammad , Harlianti Mariska Sri , Shiyan Shaum , Pratiwi Galih
Published: May 2022

In this study, self-emulsifying method was applied to formulate the Centella asiatica L. urban extract
(CeCa). The presence of groups in the extract was established on the basis of FTIR-ATR spectra using
a chemometric approach. Further, the super saturable-CeCa-self micro emulsifying (SS-CeCa-SME)
extracts were formulated using an oleic acid carrier oil, Tween 80 as surfactant and propylene glycol
as co-surfactant with nine variations of component concentration. The FTIR-ATR spectra obtained
were evaluated using a chemometric approach. The chemometric analysis method uses principal
component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). The score plot provides precise classification
results by forming three large groups. The results were obtained to become a reference in the
optimization process and further development of pharmaceutical preparations.
Simultaneous Removal of Molybdate and Chromate Ions from Industrial
Wastewater using Biosorbents Derived from Stems of Murraya koenigii:
Thermodynamics, Isothermal and Kinetic Investigations
Authors: Aparna Devi Goriparthi , Ravindhranath Kunta , Pala Sneha Latha , Miriyala Sudhakar , Biftu Wondwosen Kebede
Published: May 2022

The removal of molybdate and chromate from industrial wastewater is one of the major tasks of water
remediation methods. The disposal of ill-treated effluents containing these toxic heavy metal oxyanions
into aqueous environment, effects aquatic life, ecosystems and endogenous the human life. The
adsorptive methods available so far are to removal either molybdate or chromate ions and not their
simultaneous removal. In the present investigation, a bioadsorbent derived from Murraya koenigii
plant has the potential to remove both molybdate and chromate ions simultaneously at pH 2.5. The
adsorbent was characterized using XRD and FTIR besides the assessment of conventional
physico-chemical parameters. Various extraction conditions were investigated and optimized using
simulated solutions of individual as well as mixtures of molybdate and chromate ions. The optimum
conditions for simultaneous removal are: pH: 2.5; dosage of adsorbent: 2.5 g/L; contact time: 120
min; rpm: 300; temp.: 30 ± 1 ºC. The extraction was marginally effected by common co-ions. The
adsorbents can be regenerated and reused for three cycles. Thermodynamic parameters revealed that
the adsorption of molybdate and chromate onto the surface of the adsorbent is endothermic and
spontaneous. Further, the magnitude of ΔH values and IR data confirmed that the nature of adsorption
is ‘ion exchange and/or a sort of surface complex formation’. Kinetics of adsorption was analyzed by
various models and of them, pseudo-second-order model explains well. Of the various isotherm models
analyzed, Langmuir model fits well and thereby indicating the homogeneity surface of the adsorbent
and unform distribution of active sites. The developed method was applied to treat real wastewater
samples collected from industrial and mining effluents and found to be highly effective. The novelty
of the present investigation is that a simple and effective bioadsorbent is developed for the simultaneous
removal of highly toxic molybdate and chromate ions from the industrial wastewaters.
Electrochemical H2 Production using Polypyrazole based Zinc(II) Complex in Alkaline Medium
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed M. , Mersal Gaber A.M. , Fallatah Ahmed M. , Boukherroub Rabah , Abdou Safaa N. , Amin Mohammed A.
Published: May 2022

A zinc(II) complex of polypyazole containing ligand namely, [Tp*ZnCl] (Zn1) {Tp* =
tris(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)borate}, along with its zinc(II) bound hydroxo complex [Tp*Zn–OH] (Zn2)
were synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, Raman, 1H NMR techniques and elemental analysis. In
alkaline solution (0.1 M KOH), the Zn2 modified glassy carbon (GC), namely GC–Zn2, was
investigated as a molecular electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Different
quantities (ca. 0.1–0.5 mg cm–2) of Zn2 were loaded on GC electrodes to make various GC–Zn2
electrodes. These electrodes were utilized as cathodes in 0.1 M KOH to produce H2 using linear sweep
voltammetry (LSV) measurements. The HER electrocatalytic activity of the GC–Zn2 catalyst was
found to be quite high and it increased with the catalyst loading density. The top performing electrocatalyst,
GC–Zn2 (0.5 mg cm–2), demonstrated considerable HER catalytic performance with a low HER onset
potential (EHER) of –33 mV vs. RHE and a high exchange current density of 0.59 mA cm–2. Moreover,
the top performing electrocatalyst had a Tafel slope of –152 mV dec–1 and consumed an overpotential
of 135 mV to generate a current density of 10 mA cm–2. Under the same operating conditions, these
HER electrochemical kinetic parameters were found to be not remarkably far from those determined
for commercial Pt/C (–10 mV vs. RHE, 0.88 mA cm–2, 108 mV dec–1 and 110 mV to yield a current
density of 10 mA cm–2). In addition, the most active molecular electro-catalysts for H2 production
from aqueous alkaline electrolytes were found to be comparable to the HER electrochemical kinetic
parameters reported here for the GC–Zn2 electrocatalyst. Using 5000 cycles of repetitive cyclic
voltammetry and 48 h of chronoamperometry measurements, the best electrocatalyst’s stability and
long term durability were tested. It exhibited high stability for the HER catalytic activity.
Copper(II)-Nickel(II) Induced Cyanide Bridged 2D Heterometallic
Coordination Polymer: Synthesis, X-ray Structure and Magnetic Study
Authors: Chowdhury Habibar , Adhikary Chandan
Published: May 2022

One new two-dimensional heterometallic coordination polymer [Cu3Ni(L)2(CN)6]n (1) [L =
2-methylethylenediamine, CN– = cyanide ion] was synthesized and characterized by X-ray
crystallography. Compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group. The single crystal
X-ray structure of compound 1 indicated that it is a 2D coordination polymer with three copper(II) ion
embedded with [Ni(CN)4]2- molecular ion in architecture through μ-CN/μ-NC bridges results
heterometallic polymer. In compound 1, each Cu1 center with a CuN5 chromophore is encompassed
by four N atoms of the two different bidentate amine (L) and one N atom of μ-NC ion, while both Cu2
and Cu3 centres are connected by three N atoms of μ-NC ions having CuN3 chromosphere and Ni1 are
coordinated by three μ-CN and one terminal CN ions with NiC4 chromophore. Three copper centers
and one nickel center are interlinked through μ-CN/μ-NC forming {-Cu1(L)2(μ-NC)Ni1(CN)(μ-CN)2Cu2(μ-
NC)Cu3(μ-NC)-} unit to fabricate a 2D hetero metallic polymer. In the crystalline state of compound 1,
each 2D polymer is further propagated through intermolecular N-H···N hydrogen bonds corroborant a
supramolecular 2D network structure. Variable temperature magnetic susceptibility study displayed a
weak antiferromagnetic spin coupling presumably due to the diamagnetic tetracyanonickellate bridging
among the CuII ions.
p-TSA Catalyzed Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzo[g]quinolines via Multicomponent
Reaction using Pyrazole Aldehyde, Lawsone, β-Ketoesters and Ammonium Acetate
Authors: Gunasundari Kittappa , Jayanthi Selvaraj , Perci Sreedharan Helen , Vetriselvan Moorthy , Pramesh Manickam
Published: May 2022

An efficient protocol has been developed for the multicomponent synthesis of
tetrahydrobenzo[g]quinoline-3-carboxylate derivatives using p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TSA) as catalyst
through one-pot four component condensation reaction of pyrazole aldehyde, Lawsone, β-ketoesters
and ammonium acetate in ethanol. The synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopic
techniques.
Study of Antiviral Activity of Some Pyrimidine Ring Containing Compounds against COVID-19
Based on Molecular Docking and Quantum Chemical Calculations by DFT Method
Authors: Helen S. , Liton M.A.K. , Das M. , Nuruzzaman Md.
Published: May 2022

The novel coronavirus, COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is a global health pandemic and currently
no specific drug is available to prevent or cure this novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) disease. We have
been put forth five pyrimidine ring containing compounds as potential antiviral candidatures for the
treatment of COVID-19 diseases based on quantum chemical properties predicted by molecular docking
study and DFT calculations at the level of B3LYP method with 6-311++G (d,p) basis set. Our findings
were also compared to remdesivir, a control ligand. Blind docking with the main protease revealed
that the ligands preferentially bind to the active site. Interestingly, all of the ligands exhibited low
binding free energies i.e., strong inhibitory interactions with the active sites of the main protease.
Ligand L1 was one of them, which revealed significantly low binding energies (-8.8 kcal/mol) with
SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. These binding energies are even lower than those of remdesivir’s potent active
metabolite. All of the drugs interact with the key active site residues, including His41 and Cys145.
These findings are also strongly supported by quantum chemical investigations.
El razonamiento lógico en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Iriarte Diaz-granados Fernando , Espeleta Maya Álvaro , Zapata Zapata Emperatriz , Cortina Peñaranda Liliana , Zambrano Ojeda Elizabeth , Fernández Candama Federico
Published: May 2022

El presente artículo es producto de la investigación “Estudio del Razonamiento Lógico en estudiantes de una universidad oficial del departamento del Magdalena” la cual se desarrolló con estudiantes que se encontraban en los semestres académicos I, III y V, pertenecientes a un amplio grupo de programas. Mediante la aplicación de la Prueba Critex en sus componentes razonamiento básico deductivo, razonamiento condicional y razonamiento silogístico, se buscaba determinar en los sujetos de la población objetivo, su nivel de razonamiento lógico, teniendo en cuenta el programa académico al cual pertenecían. En general, los resultados encontrados, indican que existen diferencias significativas cuando los estudiantes son agrupados según el programa académico, favoreciendo a los programas de Medicina e Ingeniería de Sistemas.
Las unidades textuales: organizadoras del texto.
Authors: Barletta Manjarrés Norma , Chamorro Miranda Diana
Published: May 2022

La forma como los autores se refieren en su escrito a la organización que le han dado a su texto, ha sido abordada desde diversas perspectivas y ha recibido varios nombres. Un estudio de esta función en los textos escolares, nos llevó a identificar aquellas partes que realizan primordialmente esta función y su importancia para facilitar la comprensión y aprendizaje de los contenidos por parte de los estudiantes, que muchas veces son lectores inexpertos y recién llegados al campo de los conocimientos científicos. El presente artículo presenta una caracterización de las que hemos denominado Unidades Textuales en los textos de Ciencias Sociales y Ciencias Naturales. Discute también la importancia de su presencia en dichos textos y la forma como los maestros deben evaluarlas, suplirlas o hacer uso de ellas.
Alternativas de solución frente a la violencia escolar
Authors: Torres Merchán Nidia Yaneth
Published: May 2022

El presente artículo de reflexión pretende invitar a los miembros de la comunidad educativa a realizar adecuadas meditaciones sobre el impacto de distintos tipos de violencia escolar y su repercusión en la sociedad; se toma como ejemplo el trabajo realizado en dos instituciones educativas en contextos rurales. De la misma forma, se presentan aquí diversas estrategias que permiten disminuir actos de violencia en las instituciones educativas, contribuyendo de esta manera a mejorar la convivencia entre los actores principales de estas comunidades.
A Comparison of Four Different Methods of Prediction of Mesiodistal Widths of Unerupted Permanent Canines and Premolars
Authors:   Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bakhtawar Amin Medical and Dental College, Multan, Pakistan, wjeelani@gmail.com, Jeelani Waqar , Asad Washma ,   Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahbaz Sharif District Hospital, Multan, Pakistan, Ahmed Maheen ,   Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bakhtawar Amin Medical and Dental College, Multan, Pakistan
Published: May 2022

The success of orthodontic treatment depends upon the accurate assessment of mesiodistal widths of unerupted canines and premolars in mixed dentition stage. There are several methods available for mixed dentition analysis with dubious reliability in our population. Objective: To statistically develop new prediction equations for Pakistani subjects to predict the widths of unerupted upper canines and premolars (U345) and lower canine and premolars (L345) using mesiodistal widths of lower incisors (I1I2) and lower incisors and first molars (I1I2M1) and compare their performance with previously established methods of Moyers and Tanaka-Johnston. Methods: Study was conducted using the data from the dental casts of 200 Pakistani subjects with permanent teeth. Linear regression analysis was used to develop general and gender specific equations for estimation of U345 and L345 using the combined mesiodistal width I1I2 and I1I2M1. The actual and estimated sum of of U345 and L345 as determined by Moyers and Tanaka-Johnston and those from prediction equations based on I1I2 and I1I2M1 were compared using the paired sample t-test. Results: There were signficant differences in the actual mesiodistal widths of U345 and L345 and those calculated using Tanaka-Johnston and Moyers methods. Newly developed equations based on I1I2 and I1I2M1 performed better than the Moyers and Tanaka-Johnston methods in both the arches. Conclusion: Moyers and Tanaka-Johnston analyses generally overestimated U345 and L345 dimensions. The newly developed prediction equations based on I1I2 and I1I2M1 performed better for the prediction of mesiodistal widths of U345 and L345.
Optical Properties of Malachite Green Organic Laser Dye Doped with PMMA Polymer and Cu Nanoparticles
Authors: Abdulridha Israa K. , Naser Ban A.
Published: May 2022

In this work, optical properties for a Malachite Green organic laser dye doped PMMA polymer and Cu nanoparticles were studied at concentrations (2×10-5,4×10-5,6×10-5 and 8×10-5) M in chloroform solvent. Absorption and transmission spectra of all samples has been recorded using UV-VIS spectrometer. When compared the samples of pure organic dye and dye doped PMMA polymer and with Cu nanoparticles, the results show that organic dye doped Cu nanoparticles have very high linear optical characteristics. This result showed that these organic dye doped with nanoparticles are very suitable for applications in optical and photonic devices.
Designed and Simulation of AlGaAs: GaAs Thin Film Solar Cell Using PC1D Program
Authors: Humaidan Raed. M. , Dahham Ashwaq T. , Majeed Zuheer N.
Published: May 2022

Obtained the highest competence and finding the best combination of thickness and concentricity of multilayer solar cells is one the most prominent problems in the field of photovoltaic energy. In this research AlGaAs/GaAs solar cell with four layers of window layer, emitter layer, absorber layer and back surface layer. Is modeled in PC1D emulation software. The performance of the solar cell was studied by changeful the thickness and doping concentration of the window layer from the range (0-1)μm, (1015-1020) respectively. Where the best efficiency was 31.2% at thickness and doping 1015cm-3. Where changing the thickness and doping concentricity of the absorber layer from the range (0-5)μm, (1015-1020) respectively. The highest efficiency was 31.4581% at thickness 3.67μm and doping is 1015cm-3. The results of the final solar cell parameters were Isc, Voc, F.F and η has been observed as 31.8mA, 1.109 V, 89.32% and 31.4581% respectively.
Educational Inequality before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Social and Virtuality
Authors: Chavez Jose Antonio Manco , Ocana-Fernandez Yolvi , vela Sonia Lidia Romero , Flores Jessica Acevedo , Uribe-Hernandez Yrene Cecilia
Published: May 2022

Decades ago, technology was seen as something futuristic, today we are facing a new learning reality: virtuality. This systematic review article aims to determine the importance of providing answers to the existing inequality in many of the homes where a student is found without internet and without technological tools that lead to the new paradigms of learning based on computational means. research, a descriptive systematic review and qualitative approach was used, which is achieved using the methodology of searching for information from the articles, with the Prism method, obtaining the information in the different repositories in which these investigations are deposited, such as Scopus, Scielo, Redaly or World wid Escience. Significant learning shows the relevance and significance of studying educational inequalities and the skills acquired by few students according to their economy.
A Valid Tool to Assess Playing Related Musculoskeletal Disorder among Amatuer and Professional Musician
Authors: A. Ashish Mathew , Farzana S.F. Mariyam , T.N. Suresh , T.S. Veeragoudhaman
Published: May 2022

Background: Musician is wizard who spread the fragrance of joy by absorbing the woes in the form of playing related musculoskeletal disorder. Establishment and implementation of a validated and reliable outcome measurement still lags behind to assess the playing related musculoskeletal disorder and risk factor more precisely among musician. Objective: The aim of the study is to construct and validate a tool to assess playing related musculoskeletal disorder among amateur and professional musician. Methodology: Based upon literature review and interview which was conducted regarding risk factors and musculoskeletal disorders among amateur players, professional players and music teachers The questionnaire was circulated among senior physiotherapist with 10 years of experience for content validation and among amateur, professional players for face validation. Result & Conclusion: This study concludes that the questionnaire is widely accepted as a valid tool to assess the playing related musculoskeletal disorder among amateur and professional musician after content and face validation.
Compare Performance MWCNT-OH Network as a Gas Sensor of Embedded Nanoparticles when Exposed (NH3, NO2) Gases
Authors: Al-Makram Nisreen M.
Published: May 2022

This study is about gas sensor preparation of hydroxyl functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-OH) network use filtration from suspension (FFS) method. Improve the properties of the sensor use embedded nanoparticles (PANI, Pt-CNT active, Ni). the gas sensor good responce toward Exposure (NH3, NO2) gases at room temperature and at low concentration (1ppm). The sensor was more responsive when exposure to NO2 gas because it is an oxidizing gas(corroded), When exposure NH3 gas for concentration (1ppm ) and embedded Ni NP the sensitivity value (3.41, 3.49, 9.7 and 5.4) % at the temperatures (RT, 50, 100 and 150 ) C˚. The recovery time was decreases at (150)C˚ as it was (5.4)sec , the factors to improve the properties of the sensor was increase temperature and embedded NPs.
On Fundamental Algebraic Properties of Complex Anti 𝑸 − Fuzzy Subrings
Authors: M.A. Rifayathali , M. Premkumar , Shukla Dhirendra Kumar , Garg Ashwani Kumar , A. Prasanna , S. Ismail Mohideen
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we introduce idea of complex anti 𝑄 − fuzzy subring and discuss its various algebraic aspects. We prove that every generate complex anti 𝑄 − fuzzy subring two anti 𝑄-fuzzy subrings. We also present the concept of level subsets of complex anti 𝑄 − fuzzy subring and show that level subset of complex anti 𝑄 − fuzzy subring form subring.
The Integration of Innovation to Improve the Quality of Life for the Elderly According to the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy in the Upper Northeastern Region of Thailand
Authors: Saengchawek Artit , Sittivongsa Boonpeng , Sutheero Phramaha Pongtaratid , Samphanthano Promphol
Published: May 2022

The situation faced by countries around the world is considered to be an event that has a profound impact on the well-being of the elderly. The socio-economic and political problems of Thailand are the problems that make it difficult for the elderly to adapt and struggle to Survival in today's society with both the spread of COVID-19. How is the integration of innovation in improving the quality of life for the elderly, therefore, is the main reason why it is necessary to urgently address the problem in connection with the Sustainable Sufficiency Economy Philosophy. Therefore, this research aims (1)To study the level of integration of innovation to improve the quality of life of the elderly according to the philosophy of sufficiency economy in the upper northeastern region. (2)To study the factors influencing the integration of innovation to improve the quality of life of the elderly according to the philosophy of sufficiency economy in the upper northeastern region. (3) to study the approach of integrating innovation to improve the quality of life of the elderly according to the philosophy of sufficiency economy in the upper northeastern region. The research used a mixed research method with a sample of 400 people, and interviews with 10 people. The quantitative data using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. The data from in-depth interviews using the content analysis method revealed that:
A Modern Way to Predict Alzheimer's Disease While Using Stacked LSTM and CNN-CUKOO
Authors: S. Saravanakumar
Published: May 2022

Alzheimer's disease is the main neurological disorder that has a significant impact on the lives of those who are affected. Deep learning is used to develop a one-of-a-kind Alzheimer's disease prediction method. The proposed model is applied to the provided EEG data. The goal is to examine the state of the brain and assess the changes that occur during the interracial period. The earlier prediction technique aided in the early detection of illness and treatment to save patients' lives. Feature learning and categorization are common components of an illness prediction module. The feature extractor is used to pass raw EEG data, which reduces computing complexity and execution time. SLSTM (stacked long short-term memory) is a recurrent neural network that can connect prior knowledge to the current task. After noticing that a patient's temporal data could be useful for forecasting illness progression, We propose an SLSTM-based prediction model. As a result, an SLSTM, a network with fully linked layers and activation layers, was built to track the temporal relationship between features and the next stage of Alzheimer's disease. We built and tested the CNN-SLSTM deep-learning model using existing time series data categorization and prediction techniques. The results of the experiments showed that raw EEG data, when combined with the CNN-SLSTM model, can accurately predict Alzheimer's disease with a low error rate, indicating a high level of confidence in our method.
THE PATTERN AND TREND OF FATWA RELATED TO HALAL CONSUMPTION LAW IN NEGARA BRUNEI DARUSSALAM: ANALYZING HISTORICAL DATA OF PREVIOUS FATWAS ISSUED
Authors: Deuraseh Nurdeng , Raffi Raihana Mohd , Roslan Amalina , Tektona Rahmadi Indra
Published: May 2022

Fatwa has been issued in Brunei since the appointment of the first state mufti in 1961, releasing a total of 1525 fatwas throughout his service until 1994. This effort is being continued by Brunei’s current state of mufti since 1994. Various categories of fatwas have been issued and compiled in a series of books as public references. Halal consumption especially in food has been a continuing phenomenon among Muslims. Analyzing previous fatwas can help to interpret patterns or trends for the benefit of future studies or matters of improvement. This study aims to achieve those objectives by analyzing historical data, focusing on fatwas issued about halal consumption. The document analysis method was used to look through fatwas issued from 1994 to 2015 It was found that 6 different areas such as alcohol, ingredients, animal slaughter, food handling, non-muslim involvement, and halal status of the animal. Past fatwas have also shown the importance of laboratory analysis in deducing fatwa. The effect of law implementation can also be seen in this analysis.
JURIDICAL ANALYSIS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT AUTHORITY ON THE ESTABLISHMENT LOCAL REGULATIONS ECO-TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Sudini Luh Putu , Wiryani Made
Published: May 2022

Peraturan Daerah (Perda) are actually formed in the context of implementing provincial/district/city regional autonomy and co-administration tasks, as well as further elaborating the provisions of higher laws and regulations. Ecotourism is a concept of nature-based travel. Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government, regulates the affairs and authorities of the provinces, districts and cities. Tourism, environment and forestry affairs are concurrent government affairs, namely the authority is divided between the central government and local governments. Government support in developing ecotourism in the regions is stated in the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs Number 33 of 2009 regulating the development of ecotourism in the regions optimally. It needs a strategy of planning, utilization, control, institutional strengthening and community empowerment by taking into account social, economic principles and involving stakeholders interest. However, there are no regulations that more technically regulate the development of ecotourism in the regions. So, there is a vacuum of legal norms. Therefore, local governments have a central role in forming ecotourism regulations in accordance with the ecotourism resource potential of each region. The research was conducted on the problems at which local government level has the authority to form an ecotourism regional regulation and what is the process of its formation. This research uses normative legal research methods, statutory approach, conceptual approach. This study uses an analysis of the Theory of Authority, the elaboration of norms and legislation. The results of the study found that Ecotourism Regional Regulations can be formed by each level of Regional Government according to the government affairs and regional authorities concerned. The obstacle that occurs is that there are still many regions that do not have local regulations on the Master Plan of Regional Tourism Development. This causes the Dinas Pariwisata, Kepemudaan dan Olahraga (Dispaspora) of the area does not have the basis of legal authority to make a document Rencana Induk Pengembangan Parwisata Daerah (RIPPARDA) which serves as a guide to Tourism Management in the area.
Ranked enumeration of join queries with projections
Authors: Deep Shaleen , Hu Xiao , Koutris Paraschos
Published: May 2022

Join query evaluation with ordering is a fundamental data processing task in relational database management systems. SQL and custom graph query languages such as Cypher offer this functionality by allowing users to specify the order via the ORDER BY clause. In many scenarios, the users also want to see the firstkresults quickly (expressed by the LIMIT clause), but the value ofkis not predetermined as user queries are arriving in an online fashion. Recent work has made considerable progress in identifying optimal algorithms for ranked enumeration of join queries that donotcontain any projections. In this paper, we initiate the study of the problem of enumerating results in ranked order for querieswith projections.Our main result shows that for any acyclic query, it is possible to obtain a near-linear (in the size of the database) delay algorithm after only a linear time preprocessing step for two important ranking functions: sum and lexicographic ordering. For a practical subset of acyclic queries known as star queries, we show an even stronger result that allows a user to obtain a smooth tradeoff between faster answering time guarantees using more preprocessing time. Our results are also extensible to queries containing cycles and unions. We also perform a comprehensive experimental evaluation to demonstrate that our algorithms, which are simple to implement, improve up to three orders of magnitude in the running time over state-of-the-art algorithms implemented within open-source RDBMS and specialized graph databases.
A critical analysis of recursive model indexes
Authors: Maltry Marcel , Dittrich Jens
Published: May 2022

The
recursive model index
(RMI) has recently been introduced as a machine-learned replacement for traditional indexes over sorted data, achieving remarkably fast lookups. Follow-up work focused on explaining RMI's performance and automatically configuring RMIs through enumeration. Unfortunately, configuring RMIs involves setting several hyperparameters, the enumeration of which is often too time-consuming in practice. Therefore, in this work, we conduct the first inventor-independent broad analysis of RMIs with the goal of understanding the impact of each hyperparameter on performance. In particular, we show that in addition to model types and layer size, error bounds and search algorithms must be considered to achieve the best possible performance. Based on our findings, we develop a simple-to-follow guideline for configuring RMIs. We evaluate our guideline by comparing the resulting RMIs with a number of state-of-the-art indexes, both learned and traditional. We show that our simple guideline is sufficient to achieve competitive performance with other learned indexes and RMIs whose configuration was determined using an expensive enumeration procedure. In addition, while carefully reimplementing RMIs, we are able to improve the build time by 2.5x to 6.3x.
Threshold queries in theory and in the wild
Authors: Bonifati Angela , Dumbrava Stefania , Fletcher George , Hidders Jan , Hofer Matthias , Martens Wim , Murlak Filip , Shinavier Joshua , Staworko Sławek , Tomaszuk Dominik
Published: May 2022

Threshold queries are an important class of queries that only require computing or counting answers up to a specified threshold value. To the best of our knowledge, threshold queries have been largely disregarded in the research literature, which is surprising considering how common they are in practice. In this paper, we present a deep theoretical analysis of threshold query evaluation and show that thresholds can be used to significantly improve the asymptotic bounds of state-of-the-art query evaluation algorithms. We also empirically show that threshold queries are significant in practice. In surprising contrast to conventional wisdom, we found important scenarios in real-world data sets in which users are interested in computing the results of queries up to a certain threshold, independent of a ranking function that orders the query results.
Influence of head‐up tile and lower body negative pressure on the internal jugular vein
Authors: Ogoh Shigehiko , Hirasawa Ai , Shibata Shigeki
Published: May 2022

Head‐up tilt (HUT)‐induced gravitational stress causes collapse of the internal jugular vein (IJV) by decreasing central blood volume and through mass‐effect from the surrounding tissues. Besides HUT, lower body negative pressure (LBNP) is used to stimulate orthostatic stress as an experimental model. Compared to HUT, LBNP has less of a gravitational effect because of the supine position; therefore, we hypothesized that LBNP causes less of a decrease in the cross‐sectional area of the IJV compared to HUT. We tested the hypothesis by measuring the cross‐sectional area of the IJV using B‐mode ultrasonography while inducing orthostatic stress at levels of −40 mmHg LBNP and 60° HUT. The cross‐sectional area of IJV decreased from the resting baseline during both LBNP and HUT trials, but the LBNP‐induced decrease in the cross‐sectional area of IJV was smaller than that of HUT (right, −45% ± 49% vs. −78% ± 27%, p = 0.008; left, −49% ± 27% vs. −78% ± 20%, p = 0.004). Since changes in venous outflow may affect cerebral arterial circulation, the findings of the present study suggest that orthostatic stress induced by different techniques modulates cerebral blood flow regulation through its effect on venous outflow.
Does oscillation size matter? Impact of added resistance on the cerebral pressure‐flow Relationship in females and males
Authors: Newel Kailey T. , Burma Joel S. , Carere Joseph , Kennedy Courtney M. , Smirl Jonathan D.
Published: May 2022

Sinusoidal squat‐stand maneuvers (SSM) without resistance have been shown to produce ~30–50 mmHg swings in mean arterial pressure which are largely buffered in the brain via dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA). This study aimed to further elucidate how this regulatory mechanism is affected during SSM with added resistance (~20% bodyweight). Twenty‐five participants (sex/gender: 13 females/12 males) completed two bouts of 5‐min SSM for both bodyweight and resistance conditions (10% bodyweight in each arm) at frequencies of 0.05 Hz (20‐s squat/stand cycles) and 0.10 Hz (10‐s squat/stand cycles). Middle and posterior cerebral artery (MCA/PCA) cerebral blood velocities were indexed with transcranial Doppler ultrasound. Beat‐to‐beat blood pressure (BP) was quantified via finger photoplesmography. Transfer function analysis was employed to quantify dCA in both cerebral arteries across the cardiac cycle (diastole, mean, and systole). Two‐by‐two Analysis of Variance with generalized eta squared effect sizes were utilized to determine differences between resistance vs. bodyweight squats and between sexes/genders. Absolute mean and diastolic BP were elevated during the resistance squats (p < 0.001); however, only the BP point‐estimate power spectrum densities were augmented at 0.10 Hz (p < 0.048). No differences were noted for phase and gain metrics between bodyweight and resistance SSM (p > 0.067); however, females displayed attenuated systolic regulation (p < 0.003). Despite augmented systemic BP during resistance SSM, the brain was effective at buffering the additional stress to mitigate overperfusion/pressure. Females displayed less dCA regulation within the systolic aspect of the cardiac cycle, which may be associated with physiological underpinnings related to various clinical conditions/presentations.
Functional implications of microvascular heterogeneity for oxygen uptake and utilization
Authors: Roy Tuhin K. , Secomb Timothy W.
Published: May 2022

In the vascular system, an extensive network structure provides convective and diffusive transport of oxygen to tissue. In the microcirculation, parameters describing network structure, blood flow, and oxygen transport are highly heterogeneous. This heterogeneity can strongly affect oxygen supply and organ function, including reduced oxygen uptake in the lung and decreased oxygen delivery to tissue. The causes of heterogeneity can be classified as extrinsic or intrinsic. Extrinsic heterogeneity refers to variations in oxygen demand in the systemic circulation or oxygen supply in the lungs. Intrinsic heterogeneity refers to structural heterogeneity due to stochastic growth of blood vessels and variability in flow pathways due to geometric constraints, and resulting variations in blood flow and hematocrit. Mechanisms have evolved to compensate for heterogeneity and thereby improve oxygen uptake in the lung and delivery to tissue. These mechanisms, which involve long‐term structural adaptation and short‐term flow regulation, depend on upstream responses conducted along vessel walls, and work to redistribute flow and maintain blood and tissue oxygenation. Mathematically, the variance of a functional quantity such as oxygen delivery that depends on two or more heterogeneous variables can be reduced if one of the underlying variables is controlled by an appropriate compensatory mechanism. Ineffective regulatory mechanisms can result in poor oxygen delivery even in the presence of adequate overall tissue perfusion. Restoration of endothelial function, and specifically conducted responses, should be considered when addressing tissue hypoxemia and organ failure in clinical settings.
Ästhetik und Funktion des Passionsspiels
Authors: Egidi Margreth
Published: May 2022

The article combines an analysis of the ›Egerer Passionsspiel‹ with the fundamental question of the aesthetics, textual economy and function of late medieval Passion plays; it includes references to other genres and media of the Passion. According to the thesis, the Passion plays are characterised by the contradictory structure of two opposing representational concepts which are to be distinguished: the textual staging of violence and the representation of suffering. Both, as well as the becoming of Jesus as object resp. subject, are closely linked as textual processes with the bringing forth of the body of Jesus in the text. In contrast to other genres and media of the Passion, Passion plays potentially aim at a ›de-automation‹ of the transformation of violent events in the sense of suffering that was automated in medieval Passion culture.
Silencing circular RNA-friend leukemia virus integration 1 restrained malignancy of CC cells and oxaliplatin resistance by disturbing dyskeratosis congenita 1
Authors: Liu Weipeng , Jiang Hong , Li Yuanqiang
Published: May 2022

Circular-RNA friend leukemia virus integration 1 (circ-FLI1; hsa_circ_0000370) is a noninvasive biomarker for the diagnosis of colon carcinoma (CC). Herein, we intended to investigate its functions and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanisms in CC cells. In terms of expression status, circ-FLI1 was abnormally upregulated in CC patients’ tumors and cells, paralleled with DKC1 upregulation and miR-197-3p downregulation. Most strikingly, there was a direct target relationship between miR-197-3p and circ-FLI1 or DKC1 based on the starbase database, dual-luciferase reporter assay, and RNA immunoprecipitation. Functionally, the colony formation assay, MTS method, fluorescence-activated cell sorting method, cell cycle and apoptosis assays, and transwell assays were performed, and the results revealed that interfering circ-FLI1 and re-expressing miR-197-3p could restrict colony formation, cell viability, cell cycle progression, and migration/invasion of CC cells with apoptosis rate elevation; besides, they promoted oxaliplatin (L-OHP)-induced cell viability inhibition. Furthermore, there were counteractive effects between circ-FLI1 silencing and miR-197-3p depletion, miR-197-3p overexpression and DKC1 restoration on regulating CC cell functions and L-OHP resistance. With a xenograft tumor model, the anti-growth role of circ-FLI1 silencing was also found in vivo with or without L-OHP treatment. Collectively, we demonstrated that circ-FLI1 might confer L-OHP resistance and malignant progression of CC presumably through the circ-FLI1/miR-197-3p/DKC1 ceRNA axis.
Computer-aided diagnosis system for retinal disorder classification using optical coherence tomography images
Authors: Saleh Neven , Abdel Wahed Manal , Salaheldin Ahmed M.
Published: May 2022

The incidence of vision impairment is rapidly increasing. Diagnosis and classifying retinal abnormalities in ophthalmological applications is a significant challenge. Using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), the study aims to develop a computer aided diagnosis system for detecting and classifying retinal disorders. Choroidal neovascularization, diabetic macular edema, drusen, and normal cases are the investigated groups. Both deep learning and machine learning are combined to build the system. The SqueezeNet neural network was modified to extract features. The Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN), Decision Tree (DT), and Ensemble Model (EM) algorithms were used for disorder classification. The Bayesian optimization technique was also used to determine the best hyperparameters for each model. The model’ performance was evaluated through nine criteria using 12,000 OCT images. The results have demonstrated accuracies of 97.39, 97.47, 96.98, and 95.25% for the SVM, K-NN, DT, and EM, respectively. When results are compared to relevant studies in terms of accuracy and tested samples, they show superior performance. As a result, a novel computer-aided diagnosis system for detecting and classifying retinal diseases has been developed, reducing human error while also saving time.
Response of composite steel-concrete cellular beams of different concrete deck types under harmonic loads
Authors: Dakhela Zahraa Hussien , Mohammed Shatha Dheyaa.
Published: May 2022

This study aims to investigate the adequacy of composite cellular beams with lightweight reinforced concrete deck slab as a structural unit for harmonic loaded buildings. The experimental program involved three fixed-ends supported beams throughout 2140 mm. Three concrete types were included: Normal Weight Concrete (NWC), Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (LWAC), and Lightweight Fiber Reinforced Aggregate Concrete (LWACF). The considered frequencies were (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30) Hz. It was indicated that the harmonic load caused a significant influence on LWAC response (64% greater than NWC) and lattice cracks were observed, especially at 30 Hz. As for LWACF slab, no cracks appeared, and the harmonic load had a minor effect on the vibration amplitude. Adding fiber to LWAC improved its behavior and made the amplitude no more than 11.11%, corresponding to NWC. So, the response variance for the LWACF was approximately negligible compared with NWC. It is worth mentioning that the study produced a lightweight structure that resists harmonic vibrations with a small strength reduction by using LWACF as a deck-slab for cellular specimens and provides a structural element with a smaller density of about 27%, which presents an advantage for the cellular beam that is adopted for low-loaded structures.
Improved method for revising the Israel birthweight references
Authors: Rubin Lisa , Haklai Ziona , Dollberg Shaul , Zimmerman Deena , Gordon Ethel-Sherry
Published: May 2022

Objectives

Birthweight is often used as an indicator of fetal health. Categorization of infants as small or large for gestational age has clinical significance. Due to growth differences between countries, it is important to have local reference data. The aim of the study was to describe an Israel population-based reference of birthweight by gestational age stratified for singletons/multiple births and gender.

Methods

Data on birthweight and gestational age were obtained for the years 2010–2019 from the Ministry of Health Birth Registry. Implausible birthweight and gestational age values were excluded in a two step process. First, overtly implausible values were excluded using visual mapping. Then, infants whose birthweight was below or above the fifth interquartile range for each completed week were excluded.

Results

During the 10-year period there were 1,761,884 infants delivered in Israel; 1,689,696 were included in the analysis. 4.4% of the live born infants were from multiple births. The mean birthweight of singletons (3251 g) was 947 ± 4 g higher than that of multiples (2304 g). The birthweight of the male multiple births began to differ from that of the singletons at 30 weeks; female multiple births began to deviate at 31 weeks. The increase in birthweight of singletons leveled after 42 weeks and those born after 43 weeks weighed less than infants born earlier. Comparison of the curves for singletons from the present study to those reported for the years 1993–2001 reveal a similar median but significant differences in the distribution of lower and higher percentiles.

Conclusions

Improved data collection and validation permitted inclusion of 96% of births for analysis. Use of interquartile range distribution to exclude values of birthweight/gestational age that were implausible improved validity. Compared to curves reported previously, changes were found in the distribution of birthweights for the upper and lower percentiles. Periodic updates of growth curve references are important.
Language naming in Indigenous Australia: a view from western Arnhem Land
Authors: Vaughan Jill , Singer Ruth , Garde Murray
Published: May 2022

Language naming systems are local ways of organising diversity, yet the language names used by linguists are sometimes incommensurable with the lived social reality of speakers. The process of assigning language names is not neutral, trivial or objective: it is a highly political process driven and shaped by understandings of group identity, similarity and difference. Closer attention to local perspectives on language naming offers important insights into ideologies around social and linguistic differentiation. This paper draws together accounts of diverse language naming practices from across Indigenous Australia and applies a close lens to the region of western Arnhem Land. Through an examination of three groups (speakers of Bininj Kunwok, Mawng, and Burarra), we describe the range of strategies speakers use to divide up their local language ecologies, practices for naming lects, and the role of variation in the processes of differentiation. Naming practices between these groups show interesting similarities but also striking differences. We further highlight the interplay between two key processes which characterise local language naming strategies in the region: the ‘erasure’ of difference, typically from the perspective of a politically more powerful group, and the intentional creation of linguistic differentiation, or ausbau.