bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Aryl‐ and 6‐Heteroaryl‐1,3‐di(4‐pyridyl)azulenes by Katritzky′s Pyridylation of 2‐Aryl‐ and 6‐Heteroarylazulenes.
Authors: Shoji Taku , Maruyama Akifumi , Ito Shunji , Okujima Tetsuo , Yasunami Masafumi , Higashi Junya , Morita Noboru
Published: April 2015

2‐ and 6‐arylazulene substrates (III) and (VIII) are prepared by cross‐coupling of aryl halides (I) with 2‐ or 6‐haloazulene (II) and (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Desulfinative Iodination of Sodium Sulfinates and Sulfonyl Hydrazides.
Authors: Liu Saiwen , Chen Jinjin , Zhang Ran , Zhao Feng , Deng Guo‐Jun
Published: April 2015

The Pd‐catalyzed desulfinative iodination of sodium sulfinates and sulfonyl hydrazides is developed using either KI or iodine as reagent in the presence of air or oxygen as terminal oxidant.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Regio‐ and Stereoselective Nitro‐Oxoamination of Mono‐Substituted Allenes.
Authors: Xue Can , Fu Chunling , Ma Shengming
Published: April 2015

The regio‐ and stereoselective nitro‐oxoamination of mono‐substituted allenes (I), (V), and (VII) with TEMPO (II) via a radical process to form C—N and C—O bonds in one step is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Cooperative Catalysis with Iron and a Chiral Broensted Acid for Asymmetric Reductive Amination of Ketones.
Authors: Zhou Shaolin , Fleischer Steffen , Jiao Haijun , Junge Kathrin , Beller Matthias
Published: April 2015

The reaction succeeds using aromatic, heteroaromatic and aliphatic ketones with generally moderate to good reaction yields and high enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: β‐Cyclodextrin—TiO2: Green Nest for Reduction of Nitroaromatic Compounds.
Authors: Kakroudi Mazaher Abdollahi , Kazemi Foad , Kaboudin Babak
Published: April 2015

The TiO2/β‐CD guest‐host catalytic system (called ′green nest′) can be recycled and reused at least 3 times with moderate decrease in yield maybe due to partial loss of photocatalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium(I)‐N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed Addition of Sodium Tetraphenylborate to Ketones to Form Tertiary Alcohols.
Authors: Yigit Murat , Yigit Beyhan , Oezdemir Ismail
Published: April 2015

Four novel Rh‐NHC catalysts differing in the substitution pattern of N‐attached benzyl moiety only (p‐tolyl, p‐ethoxyphenyl, p‐benzyloxyphenyl, and 2,3,4‐trimethoxyphenyl) are prepared and their efficacy is tested in the addition of NaBPh4 (II) to acetophenones (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed 1,2‐Iminonitronation of Electron‐Deficient Alkynes with Nitrosoarenes to Afford α‐Imidoyl Nitrones.
Authors: Singh RahulKumar Rajmani , Liu Rai‐Shung
Published: April 2015

A gold‐catalyzed 1,2‐iminonitronation of propiolate derivatives with nitrosoarenes is reported to give α‐imidoyl nitrones (III) and (VI) in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile and Efficient Catalytic System for the Oxidation of Alcohols with Gold(III) and Ionic Liquid Immobilized TEMPO under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Wang Zhao‐gang , Xu Kui , Shen Meng‐nan , Lu Ming
Published: April 2015

The system shows high performance for the oxidation of various alcohols such as aryl, hetaryl, alkyl, and alkenyl substituted primary as well as secondary ones.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐Arylation of β‐Diketones with Aryl Halides Catalyzed by CuO/Aluminosilicate.
Authors: Ganesh Babu S. , Sakthivel R. , Dharmaraj N. , Karvembu R.
Published: April 2015

The coupling of β‐diketones succeeds using aryl chlorides, bromides and iodides, with selective activation of the bromide over chloride on case of dihalogenated compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Highly Substituted Imidazolidine‐2,4‐dione (Hydantoin) Through Tf2O‐Mediated Dual Activation of Boc‐Protected Dipeptidyl Compounds.
Authors: Liu Hui , Yang Zhimin , Pan Zhengying
Published: April 2015

3,5‐Disubstituted, 3,5,5‐ and 1,3,5‐trisubstituted chiral hydantoins are prepared starting from mono or dipeptides, as well as N‐alkyl, N‐alkenyl, or N‐aryl amides.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Approach to Thioesters and Thioethers via sp3 C—H Activation of Methylarenes.
Authors: Feng J. , Lu G.‐P. , Cai C.
Published: April 2015

Thioesters [(III) and (V)] and thioethers [(VI) and (VII)] are synthesized by facile and efficient green protocols with good functional group tolerance and satisfactory yields.
ChemInform Abstract: The Synthesis of Diarylsulfones with Simple Arenes and K2S2O8 Through Double C—S Bond Formation.
Authors: Yang Yiqing , Chen Zhang , Rao Yu
Published: April 2015

An unprecedented double C—S bond formation method is developed to prepare both symmetric and unsymmetric diarylsulfones with simple arenes in a single step.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative C—H Bond Acylation of N‐Nitrosoanilines with Toluene Derivatives: A Traceless Approach to Synthesize N‐Alkyl‐2‐aminobenzophenones.
Authors: Wu Yinuo , Feng Ling‐Jun , Lu Xiao , Kwong Fuk Yee , Luo Hai‐Bin
Published: April 2015

N‐Nitroso groups in anilines (I) and (IV) function as a traceless directing group while toluene derivatives (II) serve as effective acyl precursors.
ChemInform Abstract: A Mannich/Cyclization Cascade Process for the Asymmetric Synthesis of Spirocyclic Thioimidazolidineoxindoles.
Authors: Cai Hao , Zhou Yu , Zhang Dong , Xu Jinyi , Liu Hong
Published: April 2015

The title reaction furnishes the spiro‐oxindoles in good yield and excellent enantioselectivity in presence of a commercially available catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Furans Through Silver‐Catalyzed Propargyl‐Claisen Rearrangement Followed by Cyclocondensation.
Authors: Palisse Adeline , Kirsch Stefan F.
Published: April 2015

Highly substituted furans are readily available under conditions A).
ChemInform Abstract: Radical Cascade Cyanomethylation of Activated Alkenes to Construct Cyano Substituted Oxindoles.
Authors: Li Juan , Wang Zhigang , Wu Ningjie , Gao Ge , You Jingsong
Published: April 2015

A concise and practical cyanomethylation as well as nitromethylation of N‐phenylacrylamides through a radical pathway to construct substituted oxindoles is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Michael/aza‐Michael/Cyclization Organocascade to Tetracyclic Spiroindolines: Concise Total Synthesis of Kopsinine and Aspidofractine.
Authors: Wu Xiaoyu , Huang Jianbiao , Guo Beibei , Zhao Long , Liu Yong , Chen Jie , Cao Weiguo
Published: April 2015

The method succeeds for indole derivatives equipped with electron‐donating substituents on the benzene ring, but fails with the electron‐withdrawing fluoro‐substituent.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed N‐Nitroso‐Directed C—H Addition to Ethyl 2‐Oxoacetate for Cycloaddition/Fragmentation Synthesis of Indazoles.
Authors: Chen Jinsen , Chen Pei , Song Chao , Zhu Jin
Published: April 2015

A Rh‐catalyzed N‐nitroso directed C‐H functionalization of N‐substituted N‐nitrosoanilines (I) and (V) with ethyl glyoxylate to yield ortho‐disubstituted products (III) and (VI) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Aminoamidiniumation Employing N‐Iodosuccinimide: Facile Syntheses of Bicyclic Imidazolidiniums and Cyclic Vicinal Diamines.
Authors: Zhang Jun , Zhang Gengtao , Wu Weijie , Zhang Xuejun , Shi Min
Published: April 2015

An NIS‐mediated aminoamidiniumation for the synthesis of bicyclic imidazolidinium salts, starting from readily available amidines is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Transformation of 1‐Substituted 1H‐Imidazole 3‐Oxides.
Authors: Antonova M. M. , Baranov V. V. , Nelyubina Yu. V. , Kravchenko A. N.
Published: April 2015

Treatment of the previously not reported racemic N‐oxide (IV) with Ac2O gives rise to an unusual intramolecular cyclization product (V) which crystallizes as co‐crystal with 2‐hydroxyimino‐1,2‐diphenylethanone (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Aldol Reaction of Thiazole‐Carbaldehydes: Regio‐ and Stereoselective Synthesis of Tubuvalin Analogues.
Authors: Paladhi Sushovan , Das Joydeb , Samanta Mousumi , Dash Jyotirmayee
Published: April 2015

Tubuvalin derivatives are prepared by a regio‐ and enantioselective L‐proline‐catalyzed aldol reaction of thiazole carbaldehydes with acetone and a corresponding prolinamide‐catalyzed transformation of 2‐formylthiazole‐4‐carboxylate with methylisopropyl ketone on water.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Substituted (2R,4R)‐3‐(3‐Mercapto‐propionyl)thiazolidine‐4‐carboxylic Acids.
Authors: Ershov A. Yu. , Nasledov D. G. , Lagoda I. V. , Shamanin V. V.
Published: April 2015

A stereoselective three‐step synthesis of the title thiazolidine‐4‐carboxylic acids (III), potential lead compounds for the development of antihypertensive drugs with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activity, starting from natural L‐cysteine (I) is given.
ChemInform Abstract: Regiospecific Synthesis of N2‐Aryl 1,2,3‐Triazoles from 2,5‐Disubstituted Tetrazoles via Photochemically Generated Nitrile Imine Intermediates.
Authors: Stewart Sam , Harris Robert , Jamieson Craig
Published: April 2015

The preparation of the substrates by copper‐catalyzed coupling of 5‐aryl‐tetrazoles with aryl boronic acids to the corresponding 2,5‐diaryltetrazoles is described.
ChemInform Abstract: (3 + 2) Annulation of Amidinothioureas with Binucleophile: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of 3‐Phenylamino‐5‐aryl/alkyl‐1,2,4‐oxadiazole Derivatives.
Authors: Yerande Swapnil G. , Ghaisas Amruta B. , Newase Kiran M. , Wang Wei , Wang Kan , Doemling Alexander
Published: April 2015

9 Title compounds of type (II) are prepared and tested for their antimicrobial activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Pyruvates: Organocatalytic Synthesis of Functionalized Dihydropyrans in One Pot and Further Transformations to Functionalized Carbocycles and Heterocycles.
Authors: Chouthaiwale Pandurang V. , Tanaka Fujie
Published: April 2015

The concise one‐pot cascade reaction of pyruvates with aldehydes generates functionalized dihydropyrans under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Hetero‐Diels—Alder Reaction of Danishefsky′s Diene with α‐Ketoesters and Isatins Catalyzed by a Chiral N,N′‐Dioxide/Magnesium(II) Complex.
Authors: Zheng Jianfeng , Lin Lili , Fu Kai , Zhang Yulong , Liu Xiaohua , Feng Xiaoming
Published: April 2015

The title process tolerates a wide range of functional groups and provides dihydropyranones with excellent enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Azaarene‐2‐Substituted Chromanone Derivatives via Tandem sp3 C—H Functionalization/Decarboxylation of Azaarenes with 4‐Oxo‐4H‐chromene‐3‐carboxylic Acid.
Authors: Shao Zhuzhou , Wang Liang , Xu Lubin , Zhao Huaili , Xiao Jian
Published: April 2015

Reaction does not work with 4‐methylpyridine or 3‐acetyl‐ or 3‐formyl‐4‐oxochromenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Use of Combustion‐Derived Bi2O3 for the Synthesis of Heterocycles with Anticancer Properties by Suzuki—Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Anusha Sebastian , Anandakumar B. S. , Mohan Chakrabhavi Dhananjaya , Nagabhushana G. P. , Priya B. S. , Rangappa Kanchugarakoppal S. , Basappa Basappa , Chandrappa G. T.
Published: April 2015

Bismuth oxide is synthesized via simple, rapid and energy efficient solution combustion synthesis by employing sucrose as a fuel.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Synthesis of Pyridin‐2‐one Derivatives Based on Ethyl(1‐phenylethylidene)cyanoacetate and Cyanoacetamides.
Authors: Fefelova S. R. , Krasnikov D. A. , Dyachenko V. D. , Dyachenko A. D.
Published: April 2015

Various pyridin‐2‐ones are obtained by Michael reaction of (ethylidene)cyanoacetate with cyanoacetamides.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2,6‐Diaryl‐1,2‐dihydropyridines Through a 6π‐Electrocyclization of N‐Sulfonylazatrienes.
Authors: Resende Diana I. S. P. , Guieu Samuel , Oliva Cristina G. , Silva Artur M. S.
Published: April 2015

The cyclization step suffers from incomplete conversion of the imine‐precursor as well as significant hydrolysis of the latter recovering a substantial amount of the starting diene.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 4‐Methyl‐2,3‐disubstituted Quinoline Scaffolds via Environmentally Benign Fe(III) Catalyzed Sequential Condensation, Cyclization and Aromatization of 1,3‐Diketone and 2‐Ethynylaniline.
Authors: Sivaraman Mahalingam , Perumal Paramasivan T.
Published: April 2015

Environmentally benign Fe(III)‐catalyzed sequential condensation, cyclization and aromatization of 1,3‐diketone and 2‐ethynylaniline derivatives to substituted quinoline derivatives with good yields in relatively short reaction times is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Regiospecific Minisci Acylation of Phenanthridine via Thermolysis or Photolysis.
Authors: Cheng Pi , Qing Zhixing , Liu Sheng , Liu Wei , Xie Hongqi , Zeng Jianguo
Published: April 2015

The method is applicable to the acylation of phenanthridine with aryl and alkyl aldehydes, but fails for alkenyl aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Highly Fluorescent Pyrido[1,2‐a]indole Derivatives through C—H/N—H Activation: Photophysical Investigations and Application in Cell Imaging.
Authors: Samala Srinivas , Pallavi Pragyan , Kumar Ravi , Arigela Rajesh K. , Singh Gajendra , Ampapathi Ravi Sankar , Priya Amulya , Datta Sunando , Patra Abhijit , Kundu Bijoy
Published: April 2015

A simple one‐pot protocol for the Pd‐catalyzed oxidative annulation of internal alkynes with indoles to form pyridooxindole derivatives is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalyst‐Free One‐Pot Synthesis of Benzimidazoles from 1,2‐Diaminoarenes and Alcohols.
Authors: Marri Mahender Reddy , Peraka Swamy , Macharla Arun Kumar , Mameda Naresh , Kodumuri Srujana , Nama Narender
Published: April 2015

Substituted and unsubstituted benzene‐1,2‐diamines as well as pyridine‐1,2‐diamines are transformed in an efficient manner with benzylic alcohols, but fail to react using aliphatic alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 4,5‐Fused Tricyclic Quinolines via an Acid‐Promoted Intramolecular Friedel—Crafts Allenylation of Aniline Derivatives.
Authors: Suzuki Yuta , Nemoto Tetsuhiro , Nakano Shun‐ichi , Zhao Zengduo , Yoshimatsu Yuta , Hamada Yasumasa
Published: April 2015

Examination of the pharmacological properties of the products is currently in progress.
ChemInform Abstract: Improved and Scalable Preparation of 6‐Bromo‐4‐chlorothieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidine.
Authors: Bugge S. , Skjoensfjell E. M. , Willumsen F. B. , Sundby E. , Hoff B. H.
Published: April 2015

The title compound (VII), a useful precursor for the synthesis of a library of thienopyrimidine‐based kinase inhibitors, is obtained starting from cheap bulk chemicals in four steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Method for the Synthesis of 1,5‐Dihydro‐2h‐chromeno[2,3‐d]pyrimidine‐2,4(3H)‐diones.
Authors: Osyanin V. A. , Osipov D. V. , Pavlov S. A. , Klimochkin Yu. N.
Published: April 2015

via reaction of uracil (I) with o‐benzoquinone methide precursors
ChemInform Abstract: Facile One‐Pot Synthesis of Benzimidazole and Quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐one Scaffolds via Two‐Component Coupling Reaction, Deprotection, and Intermolecular Cyclization.
Authors: Chen Zhong‐Zhu , Tang Ying , Zuo Lei , Tang Dian‐Yong , Zhang Jin , Xu Zhi‐Gang
Published: April 2015

Various scaffolds of interest for medicinal chemistry are prepared by the reaction of alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, and hetaryl carboxylic acids or glyoxylic acids with 2‐(N‐Boc‐amino)phenylisocyanides.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylation of 2‐Bromoanilines with 2‐Formylbenzoic Acid and 2‐Halobenzaldehydes: Efficient Synthesis of Functionalized Isoindolinones.
Authors: Natte Kishore , Chen Jianbin , Li Haoquan , Neumann Helfried , Beller Matthias , Wu Xiao‐Feng
Published: April 2015

2‐Bromoanilines undergo carbonylation with 2‐formylbenzoic acid (I) to give good to excellent yields of products (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of ε‐Lactones or Spiro‐Heterocycles Through NHC‐Catalyzed Annulation: Divergent Reactivity by Catalyst Control.
Authors: Wang Min , Rong Zi‐Qiang , Zhao Yu
Published: April 2015

NHC‐catalyzed divergent annulation of enals (II) with heterocyclic enones (I) and (IV) is developed to produce benzofuran/indole‐containing ε‐lactones (III) and (V) or spiro‐heterocycles (VI) with high diastereo‐ and enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladacycle Catalyzed Asymmetric P—H Addition of Diarylphosphines to N‐Enoyl Phthalimides.
Authors: Chew Renta Jonathan , Lu Yunpeng , Jia Yu‐Xiang , Li Bin‐Bin , Wong Esther Hui Yen , Goh Rosanne , Li Yongxin , Huang Yinhua , Pullarkat Sumod Appukuttan , Leung Pak‐Hing
Published: April 2015

The facile phospha‐Michael addition provides highly enantioenriched tertiary phosphine adducts.
ChemInform Abstract: New Cytotoxic Laurene‐, Cuparene‐, and Laurokamurene‐Type Sesquiterpenes from the Red Alga Laurencia obtusa.
Authors: Angawi Rihab F. , Alarif Walied M. , Hamza Rehab I. , Badria Farid A. , Ayyad Seif‐Eldin N.
Published: April 2015

isolation, structure elucidation and cytotoxicity of three new sesquiterpene alcohols, laur‐2‐ene‐3,12‐diol (I), cuparene‐3,12‐diol (II), and 8,11‐dihydro‐1‐methoxylaurokamuren‐12‐ol (III), along with the known diterpene, kahukuen‐10‐ol
ChemInform Abstract: Velutinalide C, a New Polycyclic Phragmalin Limonoid from the Leaves of Chukrasia tabularis var. velutina.
Authors: Liu Hai‐Li , Chen Xue‐Lian , Xiao Wei , Guo Yue‐Wei
Published: April 2015

isolation, structure elucidation and bioactivity of the new polycyclic phragmalin limonoid, velutinalide C (I)
ChemInform Abstract: Capnosane‐Type Cembranoids from the Soft Coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum with Antibacterial Effects.
Authors: Liu Zhen , Cheng Wei , Liu Dong , van Ofwegen Leen , Proksch Peter , Lin Wenhan
Published: April 2015

Nineteen new cembranoids named trocheliophols A‐S including the potent antibacterial compounds (I) and (II) are isolated from the soft coral of Sarcophyton trocheliophorum.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalyzed Asymmetric 1,4‐Addition of Azlactones to α,β‐Unsaturated Trichloromethyl Ketones: Synthesis of α,α‐Disubstituted α‐Amino Acid Derivatives.
Authors: Zhang Jinlong , Liu Xihong , Wu Chongyang , Zhang Panpan , Chen Jianbo , Wang Rui
Published: April 2015

The reaction under either conditions A) or B) with the use of the commercially available quinine‐derived QTU allows the preparation of a series of title compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Indole Alkaloids from Cultivated Vinca major.
Authors: Luo Xiao‐Dong , et al. et al.
Published: April 2015

Nine new indole alkaloids (vinmajines A‐I) together with 43 known ones are isolated from the title plant [only three examples are shown].
ChemInform Abstract: Reactive Multilayers Fabricated by Vapor Deposition: A Critical Review
Authors: Adams D. P.
Published: April 2015

Review: 252 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Actinide‐Based Single‐Molecule Magnets
Authors: Meihaus Katie R. , Long Jeffrey R.
Published: April 2015

Review: 69 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystallographic and Structural Characterization of Heterometallic Platinum Compounds. Part III: Heterotrinuclear Compounds
Authors: Melnik Milan , Mikus Peter , Holloway Clive E.
Published: April 2015

Review: <360 compounds; 293 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: EuroTracker Dyes: Design, Synthesis, Structure and Photophysical Properties of Very Bright Europium Complexes and Their Use in Bioassays and Cellular Optical Imaging
Authors: Butler Stephen J. , Delbianco Martina , Lamarque Laurent , McMahon Brian K. , Neil Emily R. , Pal Robert , Parker David , Walton James W. , Zwier Jurriaan M.
Published: April 2015

Review: 75 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Mer and Fac Isomerism in Tris Chelate Diimine Metal Complexes
Authors: Dabb Serin L. , Fletcher Nicholas C.
Published: April 2015

Review: 137 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Evolution of the Concept of Cross‐Dehydrogenative‐Coupling Reactions
Authors: Girard Simon A. , Knauber Thomas , Li Chao‐Jun
Published: April 2015

Review: 189 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Calixarene Assemblies
Authors: Shah J. J.
Published: April 2015

Review: synthesis, complexation studies and analytical applications; 202 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of New Hypervalent Iodine Reagents with Improved Properties and Reactivity by Redirecting Secondary Bonds at Iodine Center
Authors: Zhdankin Viktor V. , Protasiewicz John D.
Published: April 2015

Review: 98 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cross‐Coupling Knows No Limits: Assessing the Synthetic Potential of the Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Organolithiums
Authors: Firth James D. , O'Brien Peter
Published: April 2015

Review: 13 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Advances in Transfer Hydrogenation of Carbonyl Compounds in Water
Authors: He Yan‐Mei , Fan Qing‐Hua
Published: April 2015

Review: 17 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Aminocatalysis: Beyond Steric Shielding and Hydrogen‐Bonding
Authors: Matos Paz Bruno , Jiang Hao , Joergensen Karl Anker
Published: April 2015

Review: [33 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Lignocellulosic Polysaccharides in the Presence of Ionic Liquids
Authors: Wahlstroem R. M. , Suurnaekki A.
Published: April 2015

Review: 201 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalysis on Tap: Enantioselective Continuous Flow Processes Mediated by Solid‐Supported Chiral Organocatalysts
Authors: Rodriguez‐Escrich Carles , Pericas Miquel A.
Published: April 2015

Review: [95 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Harmicine, a Tetracyclic Tetrahydro‐β‐carboline: From the First Synthetic Precedent to Isolation from Natural Sources to Target‐Oriented Synthesis (Review)
Authors: Lood C. S. , Koskinen A. M. P.
Published: April 2015

Review: 93 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Conjugated Porphyrin Arrays: Synthesis, Properties and Applications for Functional Materials
Authors: Tanaka Takayuki , Osuka Atsuhiro
Published: April 2015

Review: [50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Validating the Alkene and Alkyne Hydrophosphonylation as an Entry to Organophosphonates
Authors: Dondoni Alessandro , Marra Alberto
Published: April 2015

Review: [28 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrodes Functionalized with the 2,2,6,6‐Tetramethylpiperidinyloxy Radical for the Waste‐Free Oxidation of Alcohols
Authors: Ciriminna Rosaria , Palmisano Giovanni , Pagliaro Mario
Published: April 2015

Review: 35 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold versus Rhodium: Divergent Reactivity Enabled by the Catalyst
Authors: Winston‐McPherson Gabrielle N. , Tang Weiping
Published: April 2015

Review: application to the synthesis of important natural product frameworks; 16 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: From “Hemoabzymes” to “Hemozymes”: Towards New Biocatalysts for Selective Oxidations
Authors: Mahy J.‐P. , Marechal J.‐D. , Ricoux R.
Published: April 2015

Review: 177 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Synthesis of Amides via Aldoximes Rearrangement
Authors: Crochet Pascale , Cadierno Victorio
Published: April 2015

Review: [67 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in the Catalytic Preparation of Cyclic Organic Carbonates
Authors: Martin Carmen , Fiorani Giulia , Kleij Arjan W.
Published: April 2015

Review: 101 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Come‐back of Phenanthridine and Phenanthridinium Derivatives in the 21st Century
Authors: Tumir Lidija‐Marija , Stojkovic Marijana Radic , Piantanida Ivo
Published: April 2015

Review: 108 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cross‐Coupling Chemistry in Continuous Flow
Authors: Noel Timothy , Hessel Volker
Published: April 2015

Review: 102 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Introduction to New Trends in Cross‐Coupling
Authors: Seechurn Carin C. C. Johansson , Deangelis Andrew , Colacot Thomas J.
Published: April 2015

Review: 85 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Mossbauer Studies of the Peculiar Magnetism in Parent Compounds of the Iron‐Based Superconductors
Authors: Jasek A. K. , Komedera K. , Blachowski A. , Ruebenbauer K. , Zukrowski J. , Bukowski Z. , Karpinski J.
Published: April 2015

Review: 23 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Large‐Scale Applications of Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Couplings for the Synthesis of Pharmaceuticals
Authors: Magano Javier , Dunetz Joshua R.
Published: April 2015

Review: 572 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of Intermolecular Frustrated Lewis Pairs in Motion: Emerging Perspectives and Prospects
Authors: Pu Maoping , Privalov Timofei
Published: April 2015

Review: [72 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Characterization of Frustrated Lewis Pairs and Their Reaction Products Using Modern Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy Techniques
Authors: Wiegand Thomas , Siedow Melanie , Eckert Hellmut , Kehr Gerald , Erker Gerhard
Published: April 2015

Review: [45 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Solid‐State NMR Studies of Nucleic Acid Components
Authors: Dracinsk� Martin , Hodgkinson Paul
Published: April 2015

Review: 107 refs.
Nano‐Sicherheitsstudien – was sagen sie aus?
Authors: Feil Sylvia
Published: April 2015

Durch staatlich geförderte Forschungsprogramme sind viele Sicherheitsstudien mit synthetisch hergestellten Nanomaterialien durchgeführt worden, deren Ergebnisse sich oft widersprechen. Kann eine Metastudie trotz qualitativer Unterschiede der Studien herausfiltern, wie Nanoteilchen aufgenommen werden und wie sie wirken?
Aromakapseln
Authors: Fischer‐Henningsen Doris
Published: April 2015

Die kontrollierte und verzögerte Freisetzung von Riechstoffen ist eine wichtige Strategie in der funktionellen Parfümerie [1]. Sie lässt unsere Wäsche länger frisch duften oder auch unsere Haut und Haare. Dies gelingt meist mit geruchlosen Riechstoffvorstufen, die bei milden Bedingungen unter Spaltung einer kovalenten Bindung den Duftstoff nach und nach freisetzen. Eine Variante dieser Strategie ist es, die Duftstoffe in Mikrokapseln einzuschließen. Ein Team der Schweizer Firma Firmenich SA stellte einen neuen Typ Mikrokapseln vor, der seine Inhaltsstoffe bei UVA‐Bestrahlung freigibt [2].
Addressing apoptosis to tumor zip codes
Authors: Reichert Zachery R. , Hussain Maha HA.
Published: April 2015

In the current issue of Cancer, Pasqualini and colleagues report on a study in which they target prostatic tumor vasculature signatures with an apoptosis‐inducing, peptidomimetic drug. The authors of this editorial place this vascular‐targeting discovery into a broader clinical context while focusing on opportunities and challenges in implementing it further.
Filamentation Instability in a Current‐Carrying Plasma in the Presence of Quantum Effects
Authors: Khorashadizadeh S.M. , Taghadosi M.R. , Niknam A.R.
Published: April 2015

The filamentation instability of a current‐carrying plasma under the diffusion condition is investigated taking into account the Bohm potential and the Fermi electron pressure. Using quantum hydrodynamic equations, the dispersion relation and growth rate of the instability is obtained. It is found that the filamentation instability, in the presence of quantum effects, depends on various characteristic parameters such as: electron Fermi velocity, plasma number density, ion thermal velocity and electron drift velocity. Moreover, the wavelength region in which the instability occurs is more restricted and the minimum size of filaments is larger, in comparison with the classical case. It is also found that the growth rate of the instability is smaller in the presence of quantum effects. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A Method of Separation of Polydisperse Particles in the Plasma of Radio‐Frequency Discharge
Authors: Batryshev D. G. , Ramazanov T. S. , Dosbolayev M. K. , Gabdullin M. T.
Published: April 2015

A method of separation of polydisperse dust particles in the plasma of radio‐frequency (RF) capacitive discharge is considered. Investigations of plasma equipotential field enabled us to determine conditions for separation of polydisperse dust particles. The simplicity of the technology made it possible to obtain small dispersed particles of different materials. Samples of small dispersed microparticles of silica and alumina were obtained. The size and chemical composition of samples were examined using a Quanta 3D 200i scanning electron microscope (SEM, FEI, USA). The average size of separated silica nanoparticles was 600 nm, that of silica and alumina microparticles was 5 μm. Two separation methods were developed: the first one used a special trap and shape of the bottom electrode of RF discharge (for separation of microparticles) and the second used an electrical trap (for separation of nanoparticles). The graphs of particle size distribution were constructed using graphical and mathematical calculations. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Dynamic Collision Frequency in Kelbg‐Pseudopotential‐Modelled Plasmas and the Method of Moments with Local Constraints
Authors: Arkhipov Yu.V. , Askaruly A. , Dubovtsev D.Yu. , Erimbetova L.T. , Tkachenko I.M.
Published: April 2015

The dense plasma dynamic collision frequency is modeled by the first two terms of its asymptotic expansion at high frequencies and its values at a few interpolation points on the real axis. This makes the dynamic collision frequency a non‐rational function whose extension onto the upper half‐plane of the complex frequency is holomorphic with a non‐negative imaginary part and with a continuous extension to the real axis. The validity of the suggested analytic form of the latter is tested against the simulation data, where the Kelbg effective potential was used. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Techniques to improve detection and analysis of extracellular vesicles using flow cytometry
Authors: Inglis Heather C. , Danesh Ali , Shah Avani , Lacroix Jacques , Spinella Philip C. , Norris Philip J.
Published: April 2015

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) range in size from 50 nm to 1 µm. Flow cytometry (FCM) is the most commonly used method for analyzing EVs; however, accurate characterization of EVs remains challenging due to their small size and lack of discrete positive populations. Here we report the use of optimization techniques that are especially well‐suited for analyzing EVs from a high volume of clinical samples. Utilizing a two pronged approach that included 1) pre‐filtration of antibodies to remove aggregates, followed by 2) detergent lysis of a replicate sample to account for remaining false positive events, we were able to effectively limit false positive non‐EV events. In addition, we show that lysed samples are a useful alternative to isotypes for setting gates to exclude background fluorescence. To reduce background, we developed an approach using filters to “wash” samples post‐staining thus providing a faster alternative to ultracentrifugation and sucrose gradient fractionation. In conclusion, use of these optimized techniques enhances the accuracy and efficiency of EV detection using FCM. © 2015 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Power allocation in vector estimation systems with the impact of wireless channel uncertainty
Authors: Liu XiangLi , Li Zan , Liu XiangYang , Wang Jianhuan
Published: April 2015

Motivated by the fact that wireless channel uncertainty always exists and influences the distributed estimation system, this paper proposes power allocation schemes for linear minimum mean square error estimation. We consider training‐based vector systems and investigate how the power allocation ratio between training and transmitting is influenced by the system information, assuming that the sum of training and data transmitting power is fixed. We propose to use the average mean square error as the distortion measure so as to fulfill the statistical characteristics of channel estimation. We derive the closed‐form solutions to the optimal power allocation ratio, which is the function of system parameters, such as the vector signal's size, channel covariance, and noise covariance. Monte Carlo simulations are carried out to verify the performance of the proposed methods. Simulation results show that (i) in vector estimation system, the power allocation set to be 0.5 is usually not optimal; (ii) compared with training based, the equal power allocation system, the newly proposed methods could significantly improve the estimation performance. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Small‐scale purification of butyrylcholinesterase from human plasma and implementation of a μLC‐UV/ESI MS/MS method to detect its organophosphorus adducts
Authors: John Harald , Breyer Felicitas , Schmidt Christian , Mizaikoff Boris , Worek Franz , Thiermann Horst
Published: April 2015

Human butyrylcholinesterase (hBChE) is a serine hydrolase (EC 3.1.1.8) present in all mammalian tissues and the bloodstream. Similar to acetylcholinesterase, the enzyme reacts with organophosphorus compounds (OP) like nerve agents or pesticides that cause enzyme inhibition (BChE adducts). These adducts represent valuable biomarkers for analytical verification of OP exposure. For establishment of these mass spectrometry based methods sufficient amounts of hBChE in high purity are required. Unfortunately, commercial lots are of inappropriate purity thus favouring in‐house isolation. Therefore, we developed a small scale procedure to isolate hBChE from citrate plasma. After precipitation by polyethylene glycol (8% w/v and 20% w/v PEG 6000) hBChE was purified from plasma by four consecutive chromatographic steps including anion exchange, affinity extraction and size exclusion. Protein elution was monitored on‐line by UV‐absorbance (280 nm) followed by continuous fractionation for off‐line analysis of (1) hBChE enzyme activity by Ellman assay, (2) protein purity by gel electrophoresis, and (3) protein identity by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS). Numerous major impurities separated from hBChE were identified. The purified material was used for in vitro incubation with diverse OP to establish a μ‐liquid chromatography‐ultra violet detection/electrospray ionization tandem‐mass spectrometric method (μLC‐UV/ESI MS/MS) for detection of hBChE adducts suitable for verification analysis. Analytical data for diverse OP pesticides including deuterated analogues as well as G‐ and V‐type nerve agents and their precursor are summarized. This method was successfully applied to plasma samples provided by the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) for the 4th Biomedical Exercise. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Incidence and weight trajectories of binge eating disorder among young women in the community
Authors: Mustelin Linda , Raevuori Anu , Hoek Hans Wijbrand , Kaprio Jaakko , Keski‐Rahkonen Anna
Published: April 2015

Objective

To assess the population prevalence and incidence of binge eating disorder (BED) among young women.

Method

In a nationwide longitudinal study of Finnish twins born 1975–1979, the women participated in five surveys from age 16 until their mid‐thirties. At Wave 4 (mean age 24 years), the women (N = 2,825) underwent a 2‐stage screening for eating disorders. We assessed the lifetime prevalence, incidence, and clinical characteristics of DSM‐5 BED.

Results

We detected 16 women who met DSM‐5 criteria for BED, yielding a lifetime prevalence of 0.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.4–1.2%). The incidence of BED among women between 10 and 24 years of age was 35 (95% CI 20–60) per 100,000 person‐years. The mean age of onset of BED was 19 years (range 13–27 years). Of the cases, 13/16 (81%) were currently ill. Duration of illness at the time of assessment ranged from less than a year to 13 years (median 6 years). Of women with BED, only two had a history of other eating disorders, but six had lifetime major depressive disorder. Two‐thirds of the women with BED belonged to the highest weight quartile at age 16, and their mean BMI at age 22–27 year was 26.2 kg/m2 (range 22.1–32.5 kg/m2).

Discussion

Incident BED as defined by DSM‐5 was relatively rare among younger women and was often preceded by relative overweight. BED often occurred without a history of other eating disorders, but comorbidity with major depressive disorder was common. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:1106–1112).
Seaweed fails to prevent ocean acidification impact on foraminifera along a shallow‐water CO2 gradient
Authors: Pettit Laura R. , Smart Christopher W. , Hart Malcolm B. , Milazzo Marco , Hall‐Spencer Jason M.
Published: April 2015

Ocean acidification causes biodiversity loss, alters ecosystems, and may impact food security, as shells of small organisms dissolve easily in corrosive waters. There is a suggestion that photosynthetic organisms could mitigate ocean acidification on a local scale, through seagrass protection or seaweed cultivation, as net ecosystem organic production raises the saturation state of calcium carbonate making seawater less corrosive. Here, we used a natural gradient in calcium carbonate saturation, caused by shallow‐water CO2 seeps in the Mediterranean Sea, to assess whether seaweed that is resistant to acidification (Padina pavonica) could prevent adverse effects of acidification on epiphytic foraminifera. We found a reduction in the number of species of foraminifera as calcium carbonate saturation state fell and that the assemblage shifted from one dominated by calcareous species at reference sites (pH ~8.19) to one dominated by agglutinated foraminifera at elevated levels of CO2 (pH ~7.71). It is expected that ocean acidification will result in changes in foraminiferal assemblage composition and agglutinated forms may become more prevalent. Although Padina did not prevent adverse effects of ocean acidification, high biomass stands of seagrass or seaweed farms might be more successful in protecting epiphytic foraminifera.
A Method of Voltage Unbalance Compensation in a Y‐Connected Modular Multilevel Converter
Authors: Kikuma Toshiaki , Takasaki Masahiro
Published: April 2015

A STATCOM is expected to be suitable for use as voltage control equipment for a distribution system that needs to be controlled to suppress the voltage deviation caused by an increase in the number of photovoltaic energy sources. A Y‐connected MMC is a promising alternative for the STATCOM circuit topology. However, it is known that the Y‐connected MMC cannot achieve capacitor voltage balance between phases with unbalance current output in order to compensate system voltage unbalance. To solve this problem, we propose a novel method to control the capacitor voltage for unbalance current output. The proposed control involves feedforward and feedback zero sequence voltage control. The feedforward control prevents capacitor voltage unbalance between phases, which is caused by the unbalance current that the Y‐connected MMC outputs. The feedback control cancels the remaining control error of the feedforward control. We verified the performance of this control through transient simulation. The Y‐connected MMC with the proposed control can realize capacitor voltage balance between phases even when the Y‐connected MMC outputs an unbalance current. Additionally, we determined the maximum unbalance current output produced by the Y‐connected MMC in relation to the rated capacitor voltage.
Power Flow Adjustment Planning Using Phase Shifting Transformers for Long‐Term Generation Outages
Authors: Ogahara Ryuichi , Kawaura Yuki , Iwamoto Shinichi , Kamikawa Naohiro , Namba Masayuki
Published: April 2015

High growth in electricity demand during the period of Japan's bubble economy resulted in the construction of many power transmission facilities, including some loop systems. In some loop systems, there is a possibility of considerable power flow differences between heavy and light loads. Significant changes in the power system, such as from damage due to a natural disaster, would likely result in even larger differences and ineffective use of the loop system. Phase shifting transformers (PSTs) are highly efficient equipment for solving such power flow problems and some studies of operation methods using active power flow sensitivity (APFS) have been carried out. Calculating APFS, however, requires using the dc method. Since doing so requires the fulfillment of several assumptions, errors may appear in the calculation results. This paper assumes protracted significant local loss of generation capability (about 20% of total capacity), and examines the resulting load changes in the loop system. We then propose use of PSTs to alleviate load differences among transmission lines, allowing more effective use of the loop system. Specifically, we propose the concepts of APFS and active power flow sensitivity 2 (APFS2). Installing PSTs at optimal locations and operating the PSTs with proper phase angles determined by a branch and bound method, we mitigate loading differences between heavily and lightly loaded transmission lines. The validity of the proposed method is confirmed by using a modified IEEJ EAST 30 model.
Simple Power Flow Control Method for Reducing the Power Source Capacity and Managing the Storage Energy for Hybrid Power Source Electric Vehicles
Authors: Saito Tatsuhito , Kondo Keiichiro , Koseki Takafumi , Mizuma Takeshi
Published: April 2015

Electric railway vehicles require high electric power when powering and return high electric output when regenerating. Therefore, the fall in vehicle performance due to a voltage drop and the restriction on regenerative power due to a load shortage become problems in a dc‐electrified railway. Therefore, energy storage devices (ESDs) are mounted on vehicles to assist the power of powering operation and to absorb the power of regeneration. In recent years, various hybrid vehicles have been studied because the performance of ESDs has become good enough for them to be mounted on vehicles. Generally, the design of the controller is a complicated problem because the vehicle operates under various running conditions. In this paper, a simple controller for ESDs is designed in the frequency domain. This controller aims at smoothing the input power and at managing the ESD energy. The proposed controller is examined under various running conditions with numerical simulations.
Falsely high B‐type natriuretic peptide concentration in patients without heart failure attributed to AxSYM assay: case series of eight subjects
Authors: Jin Cai De , Kim Moo Hyun , Guo Long Zhe , Li Shu Hua , Han Jin‐Yeong
Published: April 2015

We report a case series of eight subjects complaining of non‐specific chest pain without heart failure, but with apparent high concentrations of plasma B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP). No positive clinical characteristics were identified in physical examinations, cardiac imaging, laboratory findings, or pulmonary function tests. However, we observed unusually high BNP values when analysing blood samples of the patients using the AxSYM assay, and this was not supported by readings from Triage® or ADVIA Centaur® assays on the same samples, which showed BNP within the normal range. We believe that the possibility for false readings for high BNP levels in healthy individuals measured by AxSYM assay should be taken into account by physicians in clinical practice to avoid medical errors.
Low Dielectric Behavior of a Robust, Guest‐Free Magnesium(II)–Organic Framework: A Potential Application of an Alkaline‐Earth Metal Compound
Authors: Mendiratta Shruti , Usman Muhammad , Tseng Tien‐Wen , Luo Tzuoo‐Tsair , Lee Shang‐Fan , Zhao Li , Wu Maw‐Kuen , Lee Mandy M. , Sun Shih‐Sheng , Lin Ying‐Chih , Lu Kuang‐Lieh
Published: April 2015

Invited for the cover of this issue is the group of Kuang‐Lieh Lu from the Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. The cover image shows the development of a robust, low‐κ Mg MOF, representing a significant route for potential applications of Mg‐based MOFs as new interlayer dielectric materials.
Tandem Prins Strategy for the Synthesis of Spiropyrrolidine and Spiropiperidine Derivatives
Authors: Reddy Basi V. Subba , Yarlagadda Suresh , Reddy C. Ravikumar , Reddy M. Rajashekhar , Sridhar Balasubramanyan , Satyanarayana Dayaka , Jagadeesh Bharatam
Published: April 2015

Cascade cyclization of a 3‐[(3‐methylbut‐2‐enylamino)methyl]but‐3‐en‐1‐ol derivative with aldehydes in the presence of TMSOTf at 0 °C under mild conditions provides the corresponding spiropyrrolidine scaffolds in good yields. Similar cyclization of a 3‐[(4‐methylpent‐3‐enylamino)methyl]but‐3‐en‐1‐ol derivative with aldehydes affords the correponding spiropiperidine compounds. This is a new approach for the construction of biologically relevant spirocycles in a single‐step process.
Control of Oligomerization and Oxidation Steps in the Synthesis of Tris(pentafluorophenyl)corrole
Authors: Blumenfeld Carl , Fisher Katherine J. , Henling Lawrence M. , Grubbs Robert H. , Gray Harry B. , Virgil Scott C.
Published: April 2015

The mechanistic features of oligomerization and oxidative cyclization steps in the synthesis of tris(pentafluorophenyl)corrole (1) have been thoroughly studied. Separation of the intermediates by preparative HPLC and analysis by NMR spectroscopy and high resolution mass spectrometry allowed for the identification of product‐forming intermediates and monitoring of undesired byproducts. Conditions for complete end‐capping with pyrrole were optimized for improved yields of oligomers leading to the desired corrole 1. A yield of 84 % was achieved during oxidation of an isolated precursor; the overall yield of 1 was 17.0 %.
No effect of the cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitor etoricoxib on pre‐emptive and post‐operative analgesia in visceral surgery: results of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Fleckenstein J. , Kohls N. , Evtouchenko E. , Lehmeyer L. , Kramer S. , Lang P.M. , Siebeck M. , Mussack T. , Hatz R. , Heindl B. , Conzen P. , Rehm M. , Czerner S. , Zwißler B. , Irnich D.
Published: April 2015

Background

Pre‐emptive analgesia in perioperative care has potential benefits for patients. The pre‐emptive and postoperative analgesic effects of the cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitor etoricoxib have been investigated using a 2 × 2 factorial trial design.

Methods

According to the 2 × 2 factorial study design, 103 patients scheduled for visceral surgery, were randomly allocated to two groups prior to surgery. Patients could receive either etoricoxib or placebo (to investigate pre‐emptive analgesia). Subsequent to surgery, patients randomly received either etoricoxib or placebo, again. It follows, that four treatment modalities (continuous or replaced intervention) result, to investigate postoperative analgesia. Main Outcome Measure was the cumulative morphine use 48 h post‐surgery. Other outcomes included pain intensities, pain thresholds and sensory detection.

Results

Eighty‐six patients (female n = 42; mean age 53.82 ± 13.61 years) were evaluated on the basis of an intention to treat analysis. Pre‐emptive administration of 120 mg etoricoxib did not significantly reduce the cumulative morphine dose within the first 48 h after surgery, when compared to the administration of placebo. The analysis of the post‐operative treatment groups showed a non‐significant 8% reduction in morphine dose during the continuous administration of etoricoxib. There were no changes in sensory perception as detected with QST before and after surgery or between groups.

Conclusions

The effect of administering etoricoxib was not superior to placebo in reducing the morphine dose required for postoperative analgesia. The lack of changes in peripheral nociception suggests that central algetic mechanisms are of higher impact in the development of postoperative pain following abdominal or thoracic surgery.
Heat‐Source and Evaporation Temperatures for the Organic Rankine Cycle
Authors: Liu Bingcheng , Liang Baohua , Zhang Yunfei
Published: April 2015

This study establishes an analytical model to investigate the pinch‐point temperature difference (PPTD) between the heat source and the working fluid in the evaporator of the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) to determine the position of the PPTD and the mass flow rate of the working fluid. Based on the analytical model, a theoretical formula of net output power is proposed to analyze the effects of the evaporation temperature. The results show that the effects of the evaporation temperature depend on the position of the PPTD, which can be determined directly by using the heat‐source temperature, and the characteristic temperature is regarded as constant for each working fluid. The results of the net power output and the optimal evaporation temperature are calculated by using these theoretical formulas and the simulation method for 11 working fluids. A comparison of the results verifies the accuracy of the formulas.