bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance evaluation and experimental study of a 0.34 THz folded waveguide sheet beam BWO
Authors: Latif Jibran , Gong Huarong , Wang Zhanliang , Jameel Atif , Wang Shaomeng , Feng Jinjun , Gong Yubin
Published: September 2023

Terahertz (THz) backward wave oscillators (BWOs) hold immense potential for a wide range of military and industrial applications. This study presents a comparative analysis of 0.34 THz sheet beam (SB) and circular beam (CB) folded waveguide (FWG) BWOs. We examined the design, simulation(CST MWS and PS, HFSS), and performance, revealing that sheet beam BWO outperforms circular beam BWO in terms of interaction impedance, power, efficiency, and bandwidth. Under 20 kV beam voltage and 10 mA beamcurrent conditions, sheet beam BWO achieves 0.43 Ω (0.34 THz) interactionimpedance, 1.3 W output power, and a bandwidth of approximately 12 GHz,surpassing the 0.16 Ω, 0.45 W and 8.5 GHz values of circular beam BWO, respectively.Furthermore, this study encompasses the fabrication and thoroughcharacterization of the sheet beam BWO’s slow wave structure. Experimentalvalidation confirms its effectiveness, with measured S11 demonstrating reflectionbelow -10 dB and S21 exhibiting transmission above -2 dB.
Investigations on hydrogen-assisted cold cracking of laser welded AHSS
Authors: Hopf Anton Sampiero , Jüttner Sven , Goth Klaus , Luttmer Michael
Published: September 2023

This study aims to investigate the impact of various surface conditions prior to welding on the susceptibility of materials to cold cracking, including an analysis of fracture surfaces. Additionally, a novel method is introduced for quantifying the presence of diffusible hydrogen using thermal desorption mass spectroscopy (TDMS). This method allows for the determination of diffusible hydrogen concentration in thin sheet welded joints without use of welding consumables. Three different cold-rolled Advanced High-Strength Steel (AHSS) samples with different surface conditions, such as coatings, lubrication, or water, are examined to assess their susceptibility to cold cracking. In addition to measuring the diffusible hydrogen content in both the base material and the coating, the overall hydrogen content of the base material is also measured using the melt extraction (ME) method. The new method for quantifying diffusible hydrogen in weld metal is applied to investigate different welding variations, intentionally introducing hydrogen through coatings and hydrogenous fluids on the sheet surface. By combining the assessment of cracking susceptibility and hydrogen content, a better understanding of critical hydrogen levels leading to hydrogen-assisted cracking (HAC) is achieved. The results of this study demonstrate that the occurrence of cold cracking in specific AHSS samples increases when either lubrication or both coating and water or lubricant are added. Additionally, the presence of diffusible hydrogen in the welds of all materials is found to increase with the introduction of hydrogenous layers to the material. Although a critical hydrogen content is identified, no clear correlation between the amount of hydrogen and cracking susceptibility can be determined. These findings have significant implications for the welding of cold-formed AHSS, particularly in the automotive industry where safety and lightweight design are of paramount importance.
Molecular genetic diversity in relation to the quantitative and qualitative (fiber quality) traits in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Authors: Chapara Rani , Reddy K. V. Siva , Rani M. Sudha , Sudhamani K. , Grace A. D.G. Diana , Lakshmi N. Venkata , Sreek B. , Lak B. Sree , Roja V.
Published: September 2023

An attempt has been made to assess molecular genetic diversity at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Lam, Guntur using fifty-four tetraploid cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes with forty-four SSR markers related to various fibre quality traits. A total number of 24 alleles, with an average of 1.75 effective alleles per locus, were generated by these markers. The polymorphism information content (PIC) value ranged from 0.23 to 0.50 with a mean of 0.44 indicating lesser variation for various fibre quality traits within the investigated material. Using principal coordinate analysis (PCOORDA), cotton genotypes were separated by the first three principal coordinates (PC1, PC2, and PC3) accounting for 11.5, 8.6, and 7.2% of the total genetic variance, respectively. The SSR markers revealed a genetic similarity of 63.21 among the varieties studied.
A Distributionally Robust Bilevel Optimal for Low-Carbon Power System Considering Load Uncertainty
Authors: Zhang Chen , Lai ying , Liang Hai
Published: September 2023

With the depletion of fossil energy worldwide, new energy power generation represented by photovoltaic, wind power, etc. is being applied, which introduces a nonnegligible supply and demand balance difficulty to the power grid. Relying solely on the regulating capacity of traditional power plants is insufficient, it is urgent to awake demand-side resources and construct a multi objective optimization model that considers the interests of both supply and demand to achieve flexible interaction between power users. To address this problem, a multi objective distributionally robust bilevel optimization model based on KL divergence is proposed, which optimizes system operation cost, carbon emission and unit profit, while resolving the self-scheduling problem under load and price uncertainties. Additionally, the GARCH model is introduced and applied to the Value at Risk theory, which characterizes the fluctuation aggregation and heteroscedasticity of the daily load change of the load aggregator, so that people can grasp the risk more accurately. Subsequently, a novel approach for bilevel programs based on Wolfe duality is employed to transform the bilevel optimization problem into a single level optimization problem, and the nonlinear multi objective problem is directly solved by GUROBI. Finally, the simulation of the case shows that the equivalent DR model can realize efficient allocation and complementary optimization of flexible resources in the market environment and improve the operation economy and stability of the power system.
The Development of a framework for Clinical Education Programme of Undergraduate Nursing Students in Ghana
Authors: Nachinab Gilbert Ti-enkawol , Armstrong Susan Jennifer
Published: September 2023

Introduction: This article describes part of a larger study which culminated in the development of a framework for a clinical education programme for undergraduate nursing students in Ghana. It was developed to respond to the need to improve the quality of clinical nursing education which is crucial for the development of competent nurses.
Methods: A sequential multimethod design approach was used to conduct the study. A scoping review on the practices that facilitate clinical nursing education and situational analysis were first conducted. The lessons learnt from the scoping review and the situational analysis provided the data matrix that was triangulated to develop framework. The framework was developed using the model for clinical education developed by South African Nursing Education Stakeholders in consultation with experts in nursing education. An implementation plan was developed from the framework and evaluated using a Delphi technique.
Findings: The resulting framework indicates the need for effective communication and collaboration between nursing education institution and the service setting to ensure that there is a well-structured clinical placement, formal supervision system and effective clinical assessment of students. The framework also proposes that to ensure quality clinical nursing education there is the need for NEIs to implement innovative and cost-effective clinical teaching methods.
Conclusion: The framework spells out the functions of the various stakeholders in nursing education and how these can be integrated and implemented to enhance quality clinical nursing education. Effectiveness of the thematic areas of the framework will increase the quality of clinical nursing education.
Synthesis of greenish-yellow fluorescent copper nanocluster for the selective and sensitive detection of fipronil pesticide in vegetables and grain samples
Authors: Ghinaiya Nirav Vajubhai , Mehta Vaibhavkumar N . , Jha Sanjay , Park Tae Jung , Kailasa Suresh Kumar
Published: September 2023

A new synthetic route for Avaram senna (A. Senna) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) based high-luminescent greenish-yellow fluorescent copper nanocluster (PVP@A. Senna-Cu NCs) is introduced in this work. A. Senna plant extract mainly contains phytochemicals are glycoside, sugar, saponins, phenols, and terpenoids that show good pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antidiabetic. PVP is a stable and biocompatible polymer that is used as a stabilizing agent for the synthesis of PVP@A. Senna-Cu NCs. The size, surface functionality, and element composition of the fabricated Cu NCs was confirmed by various analytical techniques. The resulting copper nanoclusters (Cu NCs) exhibit significant selectivity towards fipronil. These PVP@A. Senna-Cu NCs show selective detection of fipronil pesticides through the aggregation-caused quenching mechanism. As synthesized sensor shows linear concentration ranging from 3 to 30 µM with a detection limit at a nanomolar scale (65.19 nM). More importantly, PVP@A. Senna-Cu NCs successfully apply for the determination of fipronil in vegetables and grain samples.
Interleukin-36 is overexpressed in human sepsis and IL-36 receptor deletion aggravates lung injury and mortality through epithelial cells and fibroblasts in experimental murine sepsis
Authors: Wang Huachen , Wang Meixiang , Chen Junlan , Hou Hongda , Chen Bing , Tang Hua
Published: September 2023

Background: Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening syndrome caused by an unbalanced host response to infection. The role of interleukin (IL)-36 cytokines binding to the IL-36 receptor (IL-36R) in host response during sepsis remains unknown.
Methods: Serum IL-36 level was measured in 47 septic patients sampled on the day of intensive care unit (ICU) and emergency department admission, 21 non-septic ICU patient controls, and 21 healthy volunteers. In addition, the effects of IL-36R deletion on host inflammatory response in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced polymicrobial sepsis was determined.
Results: On the day of ICU and emergency department admission, the patients with sepsis showed a significant increase in serum IL-36 levels compared with ICU patient controls and healthy volunteers, and the serum IL-36 levels were related to the severity of sepsis. Non-survivors of septic patients displayed significantly lower serum IL-36 levels compared with survivors. A high serum IL-36 level in ICU and emergency department admission was associated with 28-day mortality, and IL-36 was found to be an independent predictor of 28-day mortality in septic patients by logistic regression analysis. Furthermore, IL-36R deletion increased lethality in CLP-induced polymicrobial sepsis. Septic mice with IL-36R deletion had higher bacterial load and demonstrated more severe multiple organ injury (including lung, liver, and kidney) as indicated by clinical chemistry and histopathology. Mechanistically, IL-36R ligands released upon lung damage activated IL-36R+lung fibroblasts thereby inducing expression of the antimicrobial protein lipocalin 2 (LCN2) . Moreover, they induced the apoptosis of lung epithelial cells (IECs).
Conclusions: Septic patients had elevated serum IL-36 levels, which may correlate with disease severity and mortality. In experimental sepsis, we demonstrated a previously unrecognized role of IL-36R deletion in increasing lethality.
Examining the Reliability of Brain Age Algorithms Under Varying Degrees of Subject Motion
Authors: Hanson Jamie , Adkins Dorthea , Zhou Peiran
Published: September 2023

Brain age, defined as the predicted age of an individual’s brain based on neuroimaging data, shows promise as a biomarker for healthy aging and age-related neurodegenerative conditions. However, noise and motion artifacts during MRI scanning may introduce systematic bias into brain age estimates. This study leveraged a novel dataset with repeated structural MRI scans from participants during no motion, low motion, and high motion conditions. This allowed us to evaluate the impact of motion artifacts for brain age derived from 5 commonly used algorithms. Intraclass correlation coefficients, Bland-Altman analyses, and linear mixed-effect models were used to assess reliability. Results demonstrated variable resilience to motion artifacts depending on the algorithm utilized. The DeepBrainNet and pyment algorithms showed the greatest invariance to motion conditions, with high intraclass correlations and minimal mean differences on Bland-Altman plots between motion and no motion scans. In contrast, the brainageR algorithm was most affected by motion, with lower intraclass correlations and a high degree of bias. Findings elucidate the critical need for careful benchmarking of brain age algorithms on datasets with controlled motion artifacts in order to rigorously assess suitability for clinical deployment. Moreover, targeted efforts to improve model robustness to image quality and motion are warranted to strengthen the validity of brain age as a predictive biomarker. Overall, this study highlights open questions regarding the sensitivity of different brain age algorithms to noise and movement and motivates future optimization to derive biologically-meaningful brain aging metrics.
Building a Maternal and Child Cohort Amidst Lebanon’s Socioeconomic Collapse: Preliminary Results and Navigating Research Challenges
Authors: Kaddoura Rima , Elbejjani Martine , Tamim Hani , Mahfoud Ziyad R , Salameh Pascale , Mirza Fadi , Charafeddine Lama
Published: September 2023

In recent years, research has shown how connected systems influence health. Lebanon's financial predicament and political unrest have created a multifaceted crisis landscape with shortage in essential services. Social determinants like socioeconomic status and social support along with maternal mental health have been linked to preterm birth. Preterm infants are particularly disadvantaged, needing comprehensive, multidisciplinary support for optimal development. This study delves into exploring the impact of the social environment on preterm infants' developmental outcomes amidst Lebanon’s complex crises. Exploring the links between determinants of health and preterm outcomes gains urgency in this context. Lebanon's healthcare and economic deterioration over the past years is expected to amplify these risks, emphasizing the need to understand their impacting on both birth outcomes and infants’ cognitive development.
We aimed to establish a prospective cohort study to evaluate the impact of the social environment on birth and developmental outcomes. This multicenter prospective cohort faced challenges that can be categorized into recruitment, follow-up, and in data collection challenges. Emigration of Lebanese citizens affected recruitment, reducing the pool of eligible participants. Birth rates decreased due to the socioeconomic and political crises. Follow-up assessments were hindered by rising healthcare costs and obstacles with transportation.
Whilst the study is still ongoing, preliminary results highlight the importance of the social environment and contextual conditions. The WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire scores of the preterm infants’ mothers were significantly lower than those of term infants across physical, psychological, and social domains. Stress levels were noted to be high across most of the mothers. Economic challenges decreased the purchasing power and limited income measurement in the cohort.
Findings from this study aim to provide critical data on the crises’ effect on social determinants, child developmental outcomes, and their relationship. Results can have important implications for informed resource allocation and timely interventions.
RETRACTED: The effects of three green extraction methods on total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of freeze-dried Solanum Lycopersicum pulp extract
Authors: Rashid Mohammad Harun Ur , Amin Datiakma Mat , Ismail Mohd Nazri Ismail
Published: September 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Nurturing Multiculturalism in Iranian EFL Teacher Education: An In-Depth Scrutiny of Experts’ and Teachers’ Perceptions
Authors: Salimi Esmaeel Ali , Rad Mostafa Rahimi
Published: September 2023

Given that Iran is the host of a variety of cultures characterized with diverse languages, viewpoints, and customs, the empty place of multiculturalism in its ELT system is deeply felt. The present study sought to tackle multiculturalism in EFL teacher education in the context of Iran by exploring Iranian EFL experts’ and teachers’ perceptions. The participants of this study consisted of the two groups. The first group included 15 male and female multicultural education experts. The second group of the participants included of 60 (30 males and 30 females) Iranian EFL teachers. To collect the required data, a demographic information scale, two semi-structured interviews and an audio-reflective journal were used. Data analysis was done via qualitative thematic analysis by MAXQDA. As revealed by the results, several themes were extracted as the components of the multicultural EFL teacher education, as uncovered by the experts’ views some of which include Eliminating Race-Related Inequalities, Eliminating Gender-Related Inequalities, and Eliminating Social Class-Related Inequalities. Moreover, the Necessary Communicative Skills, Positive Thinking, Difference Acceptance, and Multicultural Content, Various Evaluation Methods were found as some of the extracted EFL teachers’ perceptions of multicultural EFL teacher education. The findings have some implications for different groups of stakeholders including EFL teachers, teacher educators and teacher education material developers who can take useful insights from the findings in teaching EFL, educating student-teachers and developing future curricula, respectively.
The real-time detection method for coal gangue based on YOLOv8s-GSC
Authors: Chen Kaiyun , Du Bo , Wang Yanwei , Wang Guoxin , He Junxi
Published: September 2023

To address the issues of complex algorithm models, poor accuracy, and low real-time performance in the coal industry's coal gangue sorting, a lightweight real-time detection method called YOLOv8s-GSC is proposed based on the characteristics of coal gangue. This method incorporates the ghost module into the YOLOv8s backbone network to reduce the network's parameter count. Additionally, a slim-neck model is used for feature fusion, and a coordinate attention module is added to the backbone network to enhance the network's feature representation capability. The experimental results show: 1) The average precision of the YOLOv8s-GSC model is 91.2%, which is a 0.6% improvement over the YOLOv8s model. The parameters and floating-point computation are reduced by 36.0% and 41.6%, respectively. 2) Compared to other models such as FasterRCNN-resnet50, SSD-VGG16, YOLOv5s, YOLOv7, and YOLOv8s-Mobilenetv3, the average precision is improved to varying degrees. 3) The YOLOv8s-GSC model achieves a detection speed of 115FPS, meeting the real-time requirements for coal gangue detection. In conclusion, the proposed YOLOv8s-GSC model provides a lightweight, real-time, and efficient detection method for coal gangue separation in the coal industry, demonstrating high practical value.
Understanding the impact of covariates on the classification of implementation units for soil-transmitted helminths control: A case study from Kenya
Authors: Puranik Amitha , Diggle Peter J. , Odiere Maurice R. , Gass Katherine , Kepha Stella , Okoyo Collins , Mwandawiro Charles , Wakesho Florence , Omondi Wycliff , Sultani Hadley Matendechero , Giorgi Emanuele
Published: September 2023

Background
Soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) is a parasitic infection that predominantly affects impoverished regions. Model-based geostatistics (MBG) has been established as a set of modern statistical methods that enable mapping of disease risk in a geographical area of interest. We investigate how the use of remotely sensed covariates can help to improve the predictive inferences on STH prevalence using MBG methods. In particular, we focus on how the covariates impact on the classification of areas into distinct class of STH prevalence.
Methods
This study used secondary data obtained from a sample of 1551 schools in Kenya, gathered through a combination of longitudinal and cross-sectional surveys. We compare the performance of two geostatistical models: one that does not make use of any spatially referenced covariate; and a second model that uses remotely sensed covariates to assist STH prevalence prediction. We also carry out a simulation study in which we compare the performance of the two models in the classifications of areal units with varying sample sizes and prevalence levels.
Results
The model with covariates generated lower levels of uncertainty and was able to classify 88 more districts into prevalence classes than the model without covariates, which instead left those as “unclassified”. The simulation study showed that the mode with covariates also yielded a higher proportion of at least 40% for all sub-counties.
Conclusion
Covariates can substantially reduce the uncertainty of the predictive inference generated from geostatistical models. Using covariates can thus contribute to the design of more effective STH control strategies by reducing sample sizes without compromising the predictive performance of geostatical models.
Unraveling the intercellular communication disruption and key pathways in Alzheimer's disease: An integrative study of single-nucleus transcriptomes and genetic association
Authors: Liu Andi , Fernandes Brisa S , Citu Citu , Zhao Zhongming
Published: September 2023

Background Recently, single-nucleus RNA-seq (snRNA-seq) analyses have revealed important cellular and functional features of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a prevalent neurodegenerative disease. However, our knowledge regarding intercellular communication mediated by dysregulated ligand-receptor (LR) interactions remains very limited in AD brains. Methods We systematically assessed the intercellular communication networks by using a discovery snRNA-seq dataset comprising 69,499 nuclei from 48 human postmortem prefrontal cortex (PFC) samples. We replicated the findings using an independent snRNA-seq dataset of 56,440 nuclei from 18 PFC samples. By integrating genetic signals from AD genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics and whole genome sequencing (WGS) data, we prioritized AD-associated Gene Ontology (GO) terms containing dysregulated LR interactions. We further explored drug repurposing for the prioritized LR pairs using the Therapeutic Targets Database. Results We identified 316 dysregulated LR interactions across six major cell types in AD PFC, of which 210 pairs were replicated. Among the replicated LR signals, we found globally downregulated communications in astrocytes-to-neurons signaling axis, characterized, for instance, by the downregulation of APOE-related and Calmodulin (CALM)-related LR interactions and their potential regulatory connections to target genes. Pathway analyses revealed 60 GO terms significantly linked to AD, highlighting Biological Processes such as ‘amyloid precursor protein processing’ and ‘ion transmembrane transport’, among others. We prioritized several drug repurposing candidates, such as cromoglicate, targeting the identified dysregulated LR pairs. Conclusions Our integrative analysis identified key dysregulated LR interactions in a cell type-specific manner and the associated GO terms in AD, offering novel insights into potential therapeutic targets involved in disrupted cell-cell communication in AD.
A review of using duckweed (Lemnaceae) in fish feeds
Authors: Minich Jeremiah J , Michael Todd P
Published: September 2023

One of the primary sustainability challenges in aquaculture is replacing fish meal with plant based ingredients in aquafeeds. Plants are not optimal however due to low protein content and antinutritional factors which can cause gut dysbiosis. Duckweed (Lemnaceae) is a family of aquatic plants with high protein content and has been used successfully for various types of animal feeds. In this systematic review and meta analysis of 58 papers, we summarize the extent by which duckweed has been used in fish production including the species of fish tested, the grow out stage of fish, and method of application. Duckweed studies spanned a total of 18 species of fish (16 freshwater and 2 marine) that collectively are valued at 263 billion USD annually, and comprise 28% of total aquaculture production by mass. The average experiment length was 72 days (S.D. 42) at the fingerling life stage. Duckweed was fed to fish through live grazing, dried, and pelleted forms with 20% inclusion as the most common formulation. The Lemna spp.were the most commonly used for feeds, dominated by L. minor, L. gibba, and unknown Lemna species. Spirodela polyrhiza was the second most common. Duckweed inclusion levels between 15-30% was associated with positive outcomes on fish growth and feed conversion ratio without any negative impact on survival rates. Most duckweed species, especially from Wollfiella have not been tested as a fish feed, but should be explored whereas most studies focused on freshwater fishes rather than marine.
Reclaiming Narratives of Empowerment around Black Maternal Health: A Strengths-Based, Community-Informed Focus Group Study
Authors: Mollard Elizabeth K , Elya Anabelle , Riordan Elizabeth , Salahshurian Erin , Moore Tiffany , Maloney Shannon , Balas Michele C. , Shah Neel , Owens Deirdre Cooper
Published: September 2023

Background:
Research on Black maternal populations often focus on deficits that can reinforce biases against Black individuals and communities. To counteract this, the research landscape must shift towards a strengths-based approach, focusing on the protective assets of Black individuals and communities. To inform the design of a future clinical trial focused on reducing Black maternal health disparities, this study engaged the local Black community using a strengths-based approach to explore the assets of Black maternal populations.
Methods:
Guided by the Theory of Maternal Adaptive Capacity, we conducted three purposive focus group sessions with Black adult community members. The focus groups were semi-structured to cover specific topics, including (1) strengths of the local community, (2) strengths specific to pregnant community members, (3) how the strengths of the community members can support pregnant individuals, and (4) how the strengths of pregnant community members can facilitate a healthy pregnancy. Focus group interviews were analyzed by using thematic content analysis.
Results:
Three focus group sessions were conducted with sixteen female individuals identifying as Black or African American. Central themes include (1) The power of pregnancy and motherhood in Black women; (2) Challenging negative perceptions and media representation of Black mothers; (3) Recognizing history and reclaiming cultural traditions surrounding birth; and (4) Community as the foundation to Black motherhood.
Conclusion:
Black community members identified powerful themes on Black maternal health through a strengths-based lens. These focus groups fostered important relationships with the Black community, elucidated possible solutions to improving Black women’s health and wellness, and offered direction on our research design and intervention.
Leipzig forever. Der Weg des Althistorikers Otto Theodor Schulz (1879-1954) vom Deutschen Kaiserreich zur sozialistischen DDR
Authors: Willing Matthias
Published: September 2023

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Effects of Covering Mature Avocado ‘Pinkerton’ Trees with High-density Shading Nets during Cold Winters on Microclimate, Chlorophyll Fluorescence, Flowering, and Yield
Authors: Rubinovich Lior , Sofer-Arad Carmit , Chernoivanov Simon , Szenes Nitzan
Published: September 2023

Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is a subtropical fruit tree with high commercial value and increasing global demand. Most avocado cultivars are vulnerable to cold climates, which may reduce yields and restrict their geographical expansion. This includes the green-skinned avocado cultivar Pinkerton, which accounts for 45% of the avocado cultivated in northeastern Israel. Shading nets can protect agricultural crops from cold environments. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of covering mature ‘Pinkerton’ trees with high-density shading nets during the winter. Trees were covered with silver-colored 50% or 70% shading nets during three consecutive winters, and uncovered trees served as controls. Photosynthetically active radiation in plots covered with the silver 50% or 70% nets was significantly lower than that for the control by 52% and 90%, respectively. The minimum air temperature was similar between treatments. The maximum air temperature was generally lower under the shading nets compared with that of the control. The ratios of variable fluorescence to maximum fluorescence (Fv/Fm) measured in February 2019 and February 2020 were 0.72 and 0.8 for the control trees, 0.79 and 0.83 for the silver 50% trees, and 0.81 and 0.84 for the silver 70% trees, respectively. Flowering intensity of the net-covered trees was lower than that of the control by up to 42%. Interestingly, the 3-year average yield of trees covered with the silver 50% or 70% nets was insignificantly higher by 27% and 38%, respectively, compared with the control trees. These results suggest that the reduction of daytime solar irradiance in the winter by the shading nets may mitigate adverse effects of cold and increase yield. Additional long-term studies should examine the effects of shading nets and other shading strategies on different avocado cultivars.
Child Grooming Approach Model of Offenders toward Children on Social Media
Authors: Febriyana Alfina , Gusnita Chazizah
Published: September 2023

Crimes against children are getting higher and more diverse. One of them that is currently rampant is the case of Child Grooming which targets children through the use of social media. This research aims to discuss how child grooming perpetrators approach child victims through social media. The online Child Grooming mode on social media is considered a mode that is quite widely used by perpetrators who are also children because perpetrators can easily trick victims virtually with different social media accounts. The theory used in this research is Space Transition theory. The research subjects were 3 child grooming offenders (X, Y, and Z) who were classified as children. This research uses qualitative method with descriptive analysis approach technique. The results showed that child grooming perpetrators use various approaches to approach their victims. The perpetrator will try to build a relationship to gain the victim’s trust. Afterward, the perpetrator will use his control so that the victim complies with the perpetrator’s wishes. After the victim is trapped by seduction and the perpetrator succeeds in committing sexual acts, the perpetrator will make threats with the aim that the victim is silent and wants to maintain a relationship with the perpetrator.
TOLOSAHUNT SYNDROME: A RARE CAUSE OF OCULOMOTORPARALYSIS
Authors:   Ophtalmology A, Hopital Des Specialites de Rabat., Tabchi Manal , Hmeimett Zeinabou ,   Ophtalmology A, Hopital Des Specialites de Rabat., Labhar Mourad ,   Ophtalmology A, Hopital Des Specialites de Rabat., Boutimzine Noureddine ,   Ophtalmology A, Hopital Des Specialites de Rabat., Ouafa Cherkaoui Lalla ,   Ophtalmology A, Hopital Des Specialites de Rabat.
Published: September 2023

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome is related to an idiopathic granulomatous inflammatory process. Its clinical manifestation is painful ophthalmoplegia. We report the case of a young patient who presented with oculomotor paralysis, and whose diagnosis of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome was accepted, given the negativity of all the complementary examinations carried out. Treatment with corticosteroids led to a rapid regression of symptoms.
UNDERSTANDING THE GENDER DIFFERENCES IN HAND GRIP STRENGTH OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS (T2DM) COMPARED TO SUBJECTS WITHOUT T2DM IN CLINIC SETTINGS
Authors:   Endocrinology Clinic at Fortis C-DOC Hospital for Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases and Endocrinology, B -16, Chirag Enclave, Nehru Place, New Delhi - 110048., Beri Sumaya , Grover Bhanvi ,   Senior Research Scientist N-DOC Foundation.
Published: September 2023

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease with myriad complications. Some of these consequences are less studied than the rest. This study aimed to investigate the relation, if any, between T2DM and Hand Grip Strength, via a case-control method utilising convenience sampling. The hand grip strengths of 40 subjects, 20 afflicted with the condition, and 20 control, were tested using the JAMAR Dynamometer. Their basic parameters (age, height, weight, BMI, etc) were recorded, and the duration of diabetes as well as HbA1c and Fasting Glucose levels were also considered for the case subjects. The study also examined the gender differences in hand grip strength across groups. Results are consistent with the findings of various other studies which display that Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus markers have a negative correlation with hand grip strength, and hence, muscle strength in general. Both case and control groups exhibited significant gender discrepancies in hand grip strength, and the impact of gender was found to be stronger in the control group than in the T2DM afflicted group. Future research should be conducted in order to determine whether low hand grip strength can be considered a symptom of T2DM, and hence, assist in its diagnosis. Low grip strength should also be investigated as a marker for control in diabetes, or an indicator that a change in medical regimen, diet, exercise, etc. is required.
UNE MALADIE DE KIENBOCK REVELANT UNE VARIANCE ULNAIRE NEGATIF
Authors: Ghanbouri I. , Moussaoui S. , Tabakh H. , Siwane A. , Kacimi O. , Touil N. , Chikhaoui N.
Published: September 2023

La maladie de Kienbock est une entite rare caracterisee par une necrose avasculaire de los semi-lunaire. Nous rapportons lobservation clinico-radiologique dune patiente Ã¢gee de 52 ans chez qui le diagnostic de maladie de Kienbock a ete porte. Lexamen clinique objectivait une douleur avec diminution de la force de prehension de la main droite. La radiographie du poignet et en particulier limagerie par resonnance magnetique ont permis de faire le diagnostic de certitude.
METABOLOME INTERACTIONS: EXPLORING HEALTH IMPLICATIONS IN BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Chalasani Rithvik , Bhavana Jagarlapudi Sesha ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Sana Tabassum Syed ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Kamble Satyashila ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Shivani Reddy Alla Mayukha ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Nara Tabitha ,   Department of Biotechnology, Vignans Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Singh Ranwas Reethika ,   Department of Molecular Biology, Cresent Biosciences, ICRAB Campus, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Published: September 2023

The concept of metabolic regulations deals with the varied and innumerable metabolic pathways that are present in the human body. A combination of such metabolic reactions paves the way to the proper functioning of different physiological and biological processes. Dealing with the adversities of a disease, engineering of novel metabolic pathways showcases the potential of metabolic engineering and its application in the therapeutic treatment of diseases.A proper and deeper understanding of the metabolic functions in the human body can be known from simulated yeast models. This gives a brief understanding about the interactions between the molecular set of metabolomesand its complexity.
EFFECTIVENESS OF TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION (TENS) ON PAIN AND BEHAVIOURAL RESPONSES AMONG PRIMIGRAVID MOTHERSDURING FIRST STAGE OF LABOUR, AT LABOUR WARD, GOVERNMENT RAJAJI HOSPITAL, MADURAI
Authors:   Principal, College of Nursing, Madurai Medical College, Tamilnadu, India., Rajamani S. , Auyisha Sithik S. ,   Nursing Tutor Gr- II, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Nursing, College of Nursing, Madurai Medical College, Tamilnadu, India., Velvizhi Dillibabu S. ,   M.Sc Nursing Student College of Nursing Madurai Medical College Tamilnadu, India.
Published: September 2023

Title: Effectiveness of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) on pain and behavioural responses among primigravid mothers during first stage of labour, at labour ward, Government Rajaji Hospital. Objectives: To assess the level of pain and behavioural responses. To evaluate the effectiveness of TENS on pain and behavioural responses. To associate the level of pain and behavioural responses among primigravid mothersand their socio demographic and obstetrical variable.To correlate the level of pain and behavioural responses. Hypotheses: There is a statistically significant difference between pretest and posttest level of pain and behavioural responses. There is a statistically significant difference between posttest level of pain and behavioural responses. There is a statistically significant association between the level of pain and behavioural responses among primigravid mothers and their socio demographic and obstetrical variables. There is a statistically significant correlation between the level of pain and behavioural responses. Methodology: True experimental â€“ pretest posttest control group design used. 60 subjects selected by Simple random sampling. Intervention was given four times a day. Results: Karl pearson coefficient of correlation r =0.46 at p â‰¤0.001 level of significance. Conclusion: TENS is a simple, non-invasive, non-pharmacological, alternative method used in labour ward.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES AND USES OF ANACARDIACEAE SPECIES: AN UPDATED REVIEW
Authors: Cunha André , David Jorge
Published: September 2023

The present review, with 169 references, describes a critical updated compilation of studies regarding the Anacardiaceae family. Firstly, it is shown a detailed report of the chemical composition (essential oils, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkyl and alkenyl phenols, and other compounds) of species of all studied genera, followed by the biological properties (in vitro and in vivo activities) of extracts, enriched fractions, and pure new isolated metabolites. Furthermore, it is reported herein that some deposited processes developed with Anacardiaceae spp. (cosmetic and pharmacological compositions, besides some technological applications) as well as new findings about the biosynthesis of phenolic lipids, the primary chemical marker of the family. Consequently, these outcomes highlight the relevance of this family in developing natural products’ chemistry from 2006 to now.
DEVELOPMENT OF A COULOMETER AT THE NATIONAL METROLOGY INSTITUTE OF COLOMBIA: DETERMINING THE AMOUNT OF SUBSTANCE CONTENT OF POTASSIUM HYDROGEN PHTHALATE
Authors: Smith-Osorio Jessica , Castillo Andrés , Torres-Quezada Henry , Sandoval-Rojas Andrea , Ágreda Jesús
Published: September 2023

Coulometry is a well-established technique for certified reference materials (CRM). However, commercial coulometers are currently expensive and utilize outdated software. The National Metrology Institute of Colombia (INMC) has developed a cheaper and modular coulometer with powerful software capable of controlling the instrument, and acquiring pH, the potential difference between generator electrodes, and the electrical current at any stage of the coulometric titration. The results obtained from this new coulometer align well with the novel method for calculating the amount of substance content of potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP). This method involves the experimental data fitting with the theoretical titration curve TC(NLR), also developed by the INMC. TC(NLR) replaces the traditional empirical W-function (eWf), which has no chemical basis and does not account for CO2 as an impurity. The KHP content of the CRM KHP 84L from NIST was measured using the developed coulometer, resulting in 4.9069 ± 0.0090 mol kg-1 with a bias of 0.21% for the eWf, and a more accurate result of 4.8983 ± 0.0047 mol kg-1 with a bias of 0.041% for the TC(NLR). The challenges during the development of the coulometer, particularly in terms of instrumentation, as well as their impact on uncertainty, are also discussed.
Sistem Informasi Pengaduan Pelanggan Perumdam Tirto Jungporo dengan Location Based Service
Authors: Fais Muhammad , Akbar Agus Subhan , Saputro Heru
Published: September 2023

Perumdam Tirto Jungporo merupakan Perusahan Daerah Air Minum yang ada di kota Jepara yang sangat diandalkan sebagian masyarakat dalam hal pendistribusian sumber air bersih. Pada saat ini perusahaan daerah kota Jepara tersebut memiliki jumlah pelanggan yang terus meningkat. Hal ini mengakibatkan penanganan kerusakan pada saluran air pelanggan juga ikut meningkat. Untuk pelayanan pengaduan kerusakan di perusahaan air ini masih menggunakan sistem manual, di mana pelanggan datang ke kantor untuk melakukan pengaduan. Sistem tersebut sangat tidak efektif dan efesien untuk pelanggan yang harus datang ke kantor yang pastinya akan menguras tenaga, waktu, dan juga biaya. Dari temuan tersebut, peneliti bermaksud membangun sistem informasi pengaduan pelanggan berbasis location based service untuk Perumdam Tirto Jungporo. Sistem ini dapat diakses menggunakan perangkat Android. Aplikasi ini telah berhasil diuji menggunakan metode black box dengan 135 responden dengan nilai 80% untuk aplikasi pelanggan, dan 80% untuk aplikasi petugas.
Separation treatment of landfill leachate
Authors: Arhoun Brahim , Paz-Garcia Juan Manuel , Rodriguez-Maroto Jose Miguel , Villen-Guzman Maria
Published: September 2023

Landfilling municipal waste is the most common way to manage waste in the world. An important problem associated with landfills is the production of leachates. Landfill leachate is heterogeneous wastewater and often possesses potential pollution with high concentrations of organic and inorganic contaminants. The generated leachate must be appropriately collected and treated before being discharged into the environment. Several technologies have been used for leachate treatment which can be classified as biological, chemical, and physical processes. Among physical processes, membrane separation including microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis has been used for landfill leachate treatment. However, single-membrane processes are not very effective unless they are combined with biological and physicochemical treatment processes. This is because membrane separation presents two main drawbacks: membrane concentrates (MCs) and fouling. Here, we briefly review the main processes currently used for MC treatment. Finally, the fouling membrane is also discussed.
Presencialidade em ambiente on-line
Authors: Rocha Elizabeth Matos , Neto Hermínio Borges
Published: September 2023

O trabalho discute se a concepção da presencialidade em ambiente on-line é real para interações síncronas entre professores e estudantes, configurando mais realidade e proximidade no momento dos estudos. Objetivou-se investigar se o estado da arte sobre o conceito de presencialidade em ambiente on-line apresenta literatura que aponte para o redimensionamento do conceito de presencialidade em cursos de graduação ofertados na modalidade a distância. A pesquisa, enquanto revisão bibliográfica, narrativa, do tipo exploratória, foi feita em quatro sites, utilizando-se palavras-chave, no recorte temporal de 2020.1 a 2023.1, sobre o conceito de presencialidade em ambiente on-line, dos quais apenas o Google Acadêmico retornou resultados que se coadunam com a ressignificação da presencialidade on-line tendo como base o fortalecimento da interação síncrona em webconferências. Conclui-se que, apesar do aumento expressivo de cursos de graduação em EaD no Brasil, na última década, há necessidade de pesquisas que fortaleçam o conceito de presencialidade on-line e que possam reverberar, inclusive, na atualização do conjunto normativo que trata dessa modalidade educacional.
Drugs Used in Pediatric Dentistry
Authors: Jetpurwala Abdulkadeer M. , Dedhia Shely P. , Iyer Vidya
Published: September 2023

Children are in a state of delicate physiologic equilibrium and, unlike adults,
are more susceptible to medications and their adverse effects. Medicines used for
children should be carefully selected, and the minimum dose required should be
administered. Possible adverse reaction in multidrug therapy is also essential. The
pediatric dentist must also consider any other drug the child may be taking while
prescribing drugs and understanding children’s presenting signs and symptoms.
Management of Children with Systemic Diseases
Authors: Seraj Bahman , Hossein Ramezani Gholam , Jabbarian Razieh , Sohrabi Mona , Mirzaei Alireza
Published: September 2023

Significant oral problems are associated with many medical disorders. Close
cooperation and consultation between the dentist and the child’s physician are essential
to render optimum medical care. Prevention of oral disease is the primary consideration
for these children. Medically compromised children can be challenging to treat and
affect dental care [30]. To treat medically compromised patients safely, it is essential to
Obtain a relevant and thorough medical history and understand the possible
implications of the illness on dental treatment and the potential importance of the
condition on treatment planning and the caries risk associated with the medical
condition. With advances in medical treatment, significantly more children survive
longer with more complex medical needs, and these children will present to the general
dentist for dental treatment.
Management of Special Children
Authors: Dave Bhavna H. , Kariya Pratik B.
Published: September 2023

Patients with a spread of medical conditions, some unknown to them, ask for
dental treatment. Usually, this can often be mixed with the intake of a posh variety of
medicines. Dental management aims to produce safe and effective treatment while not
causative a medical crisis. Consequently, dental treatment might be changed to keep
with the patient's medical constraints, and occasionally, MD consultation can be
required. Information of the medical standing of patients obtained through correct
medical history-taking is key to safe patient management. The health profile of a
country's population is additionally relevant for the supply of oral health care.
However, there's a scarceness of data regarding the medical standing of patients seen.
This chapter throws lightweight on the consecutive management of dental patients with
medical emergencies with this read.
Probiotics and Oral Health
Authors: Venugopal Reddy N. , Sakhare Dhanashree , Kasar Parag D.
Published: September 2023

Humans are host to oral microbiomes in a positive relationship which is a
critical determinant for regulating oral symbiosis. When the balanced condition is
transformed into an acidic environment, the percentage. mutans streptococci and
Lactobacillus species increase. However, to be beneficial in the oral cavity, probiotics
must first aggregate and attach to the oral tissue, creating a protective barrier to prevent
the colonisation of the pathogenic microorganisms. The growth and activity of
probiotics are enhanced by nondigestive oligosaccharides, namely, prebiotics, which
cannot be digested by the host but enhance the beneficial effects of probiotics by
selectively stimulating the growth and activities of the probiotics.