bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation and Comparison of SVM, Deep Learning, and Naïve Bayes Performances for Natural Language Processing Text Classification Task
Authors: Ogaga Destiny , Olalere Abiodun
Published: November 2023

Text classification is one of the most important task in natural language processing, In this research, we carried out several experimental research on three (3) of the most popular Text classification NLP classifier in Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Multinomial Naive Bayes (MNB), and Support Vector Machine (SVN). In the presence of enough training data, Deep Learning CNN works best in all parameters for evaluation with 77% accuracy, followed by SVM with accuracy of 76%, and multinomial Bayes with least performance of 69% accuracy. CNN has the best performance in the presence of large enough training dataset because of the presence of filter/ kernels which help to indentify patterns in text data regardless of their position in the sentence. We repeated the training again with just one-third of our data, at this point SVM comes with the best performance, the performance of CNN noticeably drops but still better than Multinomial Naive Bayes, the reason why SVM works best when we reduce the training data was because of its ability to look for a hyper-plane that creates a boundary between different classes of data so as to properly classify them, so we believed that getting the hyper-plane was more efficient when we reduce the dataset, hence reason for the good performance. Multinomial Naive Bayes have the least performance which we attributed to its assumption of independency between the features which sometimes does not hold true. We concluded that availability of data should be an important factor when choosing classifier for Natural Language Processing Text Classification task. CNN should be use in the presence of enough dataset, and SVM should be use when data is not enough. Multinomial Naive Bayes must not be trusted with state of the art NLP task due to its assumption of independency between the features.
Exploring the Relationship between COVID-19 Induced Economic Downturn and Women’s Nutritional Health Disparities
Authors: Sadiq Alaa
Published: November 2023

This study investigates the impact of the economic downturn induced by the COVID-19 pandemic on nutritional health disparities among women. The research aimed to understand how economic challenges have influenced dietary choices, access to nutritious food, and overall nutritional well-being in different socioeconomic groups of women.Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the study combined quantitative data from national health and economic databases with qualitative insights from interviews conducted with a diverse group of women. The quantitative analysis focused on trends in nutritional health indicators and economic variables pre- and post-pandemic. Simultaneously, the qualitative component explored personal experiences and perceptions related to nutrition and economic hardships during the pandemic.The findings revealed a significant correlation between the economic downturn and worsening nutritional health among women, especially in low-income and marginalized communities. Women in these groups reported reduced access to healthy food options, increased reliance on less nutritious food due to budget constraints, and a general decline in dietary quality. This decline was less pronounced in higher-income groups, highlighting a clear disparity.Moreover, the study observed that the pandemic exacerbated pre-existing nutritional inequalities, with vulnerable groups experiencing a more pronounced impact. The research also noted that community support systems and public health interventions played a crucial role in mitigating some of these effects.In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic has not only posed a direct health challenge but has also indirectly affected women's nutritional health through economic strain. The study underscores the need for targeted nutritional support and economic policies that prioritize the health of women, particularly those from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds.
Automatic Estimation for Visual Quality Changes of Street Space Via Street-View Images and Multimodal Large Language Models
Authors: Liang Hao , Zhang Jiaxin , Li Yunqin , Zhu Zehong , Wang Bowen
Published: November 2023

Estimating Visual Quality of Street Space (VQoSS) is pivotal for urban design, environmental sustainability, civic engagement, etc. Recent advancements, notably in deep learning, have enabled large-scale analysis. However, traditional deep learning approaches are hampered by extensive data annotation requirements and limited adaptability across diverse VQoSS tasks. Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have recently demonstrated proficiency in various computer vision tasks, positioning them as promising tools for automated VQoSS assessment. In this paper, we pioneer the application of MLLMs to VQoSS change estimation, with our empirical findings affirming their effectiveness. In addition, we introduce Street Quality GPT (SQ-GPT), a model that distills knowledge from the current most powerful but inaccessible (not free) GPT-4, requiring no human efforts. SQ-GPT approaches GPT-4’s performance and is viable for large-scale VQoSS change estimation. In a case study of Nanjin, we showcase the practicality of SQ-GPT and knowledge distillation pipeline. Our work promises to be a valuable asset for future urban studies research.
Analysis for Mitochondrial Encoded Trna leucine2 (MT-TL2) Gene in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Ullah Aziz
Published: November 2023

(1) Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the second largest cause of mortality in female worldwide. Besides from basic risk factors, there are several hereditary variables that contribute to BC. Breast cancer has been linked to a variety of nuclear DNA changes as well as mitochondrial DNA alterations. The aim of this study was to analysis the association of mitochondrial tRNA leucine2 gene with BC. (2) Material and methods: In the current study, 24 samples have been collected from various families in Peshawar. DNA was extracted from Blood. PCR was used to amplify the mitochondrial tRNA MT-TL2 gene, and 22 samples were sequenced. The sequence was compared with accession #NC-012920.1 of the revised Cambridge Reference Sequence (rCRS). (3) Results: The results (Chromatograph, nucleotide sequence and rCRS alignment) shows mutations in mitochondrial tRNA MT-TL2 gene in our participants is not the cause of Breast cancer. (4) Conclusion: Yet, a significant number of BC patients must be studied, and their full mitochondrial DNA must be analyzed. This will provide an indication of the potential DNA marker that might be used to prevent BC deaths at the earliest stages.
The Promoting Mechanism of the Sterile Fermentation Filtrate of Serratia odorifera on Hypsizygus marmoreus by Means of Metabolomics Analysis
Authors: Cao Jixuan , Xie Jiacheng , Yu Mingming , Xu Tao , Zhang Huangru , Chen Liding , Sun Shujing
Published: November 2023

Hypsizygus marmoreus has become one of the most popular edible mushrooms due to its high nu-tritional and economic value. Previous researchers found that Serratia odorifera could promote the growth of H. marmoreus by producing and secreting some of its inducers. However, the specific mechanism of action was still unclear. In this study, we found that exogenous addition of sterile fermentation filtrate (HZSO-1), quorum sensing (QS signaling molecules, 3-oxo-C6-HSL, cy-clo(Pro-Leu), and cyclo(Tyr-Leu) could significantly promote the growth of H. marmoreus, increase the number of clamp junctions, and the diameter of mycelium (P < 0.05). In addition, non-targeted metabolomic analysis has revealed that 706 metabolites were detected in the treated group. Of these, 307 metabolites were significantly different (P < 0.05). Compared with the control, 54 and 86 metabolites were significantly increased and decreased in the HZSO-1 group, respec-tively (P < 0.05). We speculated that the sterile fermentation filtrate of S. odorifera could mediate the carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism of H. marmoreus by influencing the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) to increase the energy supply for the growth and development of the mycelium. The above results will further reveal the growth-promoting mechanism of S. odorifera on H. mar-moreus.
Fluorescence of Polyanilines and Photoconductivity of Thin Films Based on Their Copolymers
Authors: Yumalin Timur T. , Salikhov Renat B. , Latypova Lyaysan R. , Salikhov Timur R. , Mustafin Akhat G. , Sharafullin Ildus F.
Published: November 2023

Polyanilines are a class of conductive polymers that have attracted significant interest in the field of organic electronics due to their unique properties. In this article, the fluorescence spectroscopy and photovoltaic properties of polyaniline-based thin films and copolymers are investigated. The study focuses on understanding the relationship between the composition and structure of polyanilines and their optical and electrical properties. The article discusses the results of experiments on the photoluminescent properties of S1-S9 copolymers in a DMSO solution and of thin-film photoresistors based on polyanilines. The findings reveal that the photovoltaic properties of the thin films depend on the conditions of their fabrication and their surface morphology. The solubility of polyanilines is excellent, making the production of electronic components compatible with modern printing technologies in organic electronics. The work also points out that the photoconductivity of polyanilines can be improved by incorporation of additional molecular groups into the polymer matrix. Overall, this study sheds light on the potential of polyanilines as promising materials for organic electronics and provides insights into how their properties can be optimized for specific applications.
Molecular Characterization of the Disruptive Effects by two Curcuminoids, Demethoxycurcumin and Bisdemethoxycurcu-min, on the Larval Development of Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Jeon Jun Hyoung , Jeong Seon Ah , Park Doo-Sang , Park Hong-Hyun , Shin Sang Woon , Oh Hyun-Woo
Published: November 2023

Juvenile hormones (JH) play crucial roles in insect development, reproduction, and other physi-ological functions. Because JH is specific to arthropods, including insects, it has long been stud-ied for use in pest control. Accordingly, this study aimed to identify the substances that act as JH disruptors from edible plants. Curcuminoids generally exhibit a wide range of biological ac-tivities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and insecticidal properties, and they exhibit insect growth inhibitory effects. Demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin, two curcuminoids from the turmeric plant Curcuma longa L. inhibit the formation of a metho-prene-tolerant (Met)–Taiman (Tai) heterodimer complex as shown through in vitro yeast two-hybrid assays. An artificial diet containing 1% (w/v) demethoxycurcumin or bisdemethox-ycurcumin reduced the number of larvae, leading to no pupal development. Building on our re-sults regarding curcuminoids, researchers can use our study as a reference to develop eco-friendly pesticides.
BIM-GIS Integrated Framework in Support of Facility Management (FM)
Authors: Congiu Eleonora , Quaquero Emanuela , Rubiu Giulia , Vacca Giuseppina
Published: November 2023

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is increasingly adopted in supporting Facility Management (FM). However, in the future perspective of efficiently encouraging the management of building estates, e.g. owned by public authorities or institutions, providing an effective integration between Building Information Models and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) becomes also essential. This contribution is therefore aimed at presenting a methodological framework integrating BIM and GIS environments by mainly taking advantage of open-source tools (e.g. QGIS and Dynamo) and non-proprietary data exchange formats like the COBie (Construction-Operations Building Information Exchange) international standard. Unlike what has been mainly proposed in the literature concerning BIM-GIS integration so far, the methodology presented in this paper does not provide for an integral transfer of BIM data to the GIS platform. The work led instead to the development of an effective bidirectional integration between the two informative systems, by properly relating them and allowing for an easy switch from one system database to the other. This integrated framework is intended to enable facility managers to easily visualize in the GIS platform, through queryable 2D and 3D maps, some relevant information from BIM to efficiently manage workspaces. At the same time, this hybrid informative system allows BIM practitioners to access and manage more detailed information stored in Building Information Models. The findings of experimental applications of the proposed methodological approach to the ex-Macciotta pediatric hospital, a healthcare building owned by the University of Cagliari, are finally presented and discussed.
Adsorption of Metals Ions From Single and Binary Aqueous Systems on Bio – Nanocomposite, Alginate – Clay
Authors: Aziam Rachid , Stefan Daniela Simina , Nouaa Safa , Chiban Mohamed , Boșomoiu And Magdalena
Published: November 2023

The results of the investigation showed that second-order kinetics govern the adsorption process, and the corresponding rate constants were found. To evaluate the parameters related to the adsorption process, the adsorption equilibrium was examined using a variety of mathematical models, such as the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models. The Langmuir isotherm was found to be the best appropriate among all models for describing the adsorption of Cu2+ and Ni2+ ions using bio-nanocomposite beads. The positive values of ΔH° indicate that the adsorption is physical and endothermic, in agreement with experimental results. The negative value of ∆G° shows that the adsorption process is spontaneous. Positive ΔS° values indicate increased randomness at the solid/liquid interface, during adsorption of Cu2+ and Ni2+ cations onto the engineered bio-nanocomposite. The maximum adsorbed amounts of metal ions by the bio-nanocomposite used were 370.37 mg/g for Ni2+ and 454.54 mg/g for Cu2+ from single system. For the binary system, according to the Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorbed amounts of Ni2+ and Cu2+ were 357.14 mg/g and 370,37 mg/g, respectively. There is proof that Alginate-Moroccan clay bio-nanocomposites can serve as a different, less expensive source of sorbents for the removal of metal ions from single and binary systems.
Effectiveness of Advertising Campaigns on Short-Form Video Social Platforms: An Empirical Analysis through a Large-Scale Randomized Field Experiment on ByteDance
Authors: Liang Yitian (Sky) , Chen Xinlei (Jack) , Han Shengnan , Zhang Jinglong , Chen Yubo
Published: November 2023

Short-form video has taken over social media and attracted attention from advertisers. As brands shift their advertising spending to short-form video social platforms, doubts remain about the advertising efficacy on these platforms, especially given the skyrocketing advertising costs in recent years. In a large-scale randomized experiment on ByteDance in collaboration with an automobile brand, we show a significant effect of the advertising campaign on ByteDance, compared with effects reported in other studies. Exposed users are eight times more likely to convert from outside than from within ByteDance, which raises the importance of information sharing between the platform and brands. When considering conversions outside ByteDance, the average cost per conversion, which brands commonly use to evaluate the cost of campaigns, shrinks by 5 or 25 times, depending on the methods used to calculate it. Information sharing can also affect a brand’s targeting strategy. While commonly used demographic variables by the automobile brand are effective for target marketing with only platform data, they are not when considering conversions outside ByteDance. Instead, a behavioral variable proposed herein (prior brand home page visits) effectively moderates the advertising effect but has no effect when including only platform data in the analysis.
Investigation of Brake-Wear Particle Emissions from Regenerative-Friction Brake Coordination Systems via Dynamometer Testing
Authors: Hagino Hiroyuki
Published: November 2023

The goal of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of methods based on the Worldwide Harmonized Light-Duty Vehicles Test Procedure Brake Cycle to measure brake wear particle emissions for currently used electrified vehicles. Our results indicated that reducing brake friction work reduced brake wear particle emissions. Commercially available, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles reduced emissions by 85% for PM10, 78% for PM2.5, and 87% for particle numbers (PNs) compared to vehicles with internal combustion engines. Brake friction work showed a linear relationship with PM10 and PM2.5. Nanoparticle PM emissions tended to increase slightly with regenerative braking, but did not contribute significantly to the overall PM percentage. the emission events of high number concentrations of nuclei mode particles (<20 nm in diameter) in electric vehicle brake assemblies designed for regenerative braking use under high-temperature, high-load braking conditions with full-friction brakes. The nuclei mode particles amplified the PN emissions and led to a high variability. In strict regulatory certification tests, where measurement reproducibility and stability are required, it is appropriate to measure PNs under brake conditions appropriate for the actual use of electric vehicles rather than under full-friction brake conditions or to remove particle measurements smaller than 20 nm.
Molecular Responses of The Eukaryotic Cell Line INT407 on the Internalised C. jejuni - the other Side of the Coin
Authors: Steinbach Anita , József Kun , Urban Peter , Palkovics Tamás , György Schneider
Published: November 2023

Campylobacter jejuni is a zoonotic bacterium, causing intestinal infection in humans. One characteristic feature of the pathogenicity process is the ability of this bacterium invading the epithelial cells. Several factors have been identified to contribute to this process and some recent analyses revealed changes in the bacterium cell on molecular level. However, our knowledge is still limited about responses of the host that accompany the bacterial internalisation and survival process. This study focused on molecular events on transcriptomic level detected between the 1st and the 3rd hour of internalisation in INT407 epithelial cells. From the 41.769 human genes tested, altogether 19,060 genes and 22,734 pseudogenes and introns were shown by whole transcriptome analysis to be affected in different extent. Most affected functions regulate transcription (28%), signal transduction (21%), apoptosis (15%), immune responses (9%), transmembrane transport (6%), cell-cell signaling (3%), cell-cell adhesions (3%) and carbohydrate metabolism (3%) and to a lesser extent other functions. Our results provide insight into a scenario where, the invaded cell focuses on survival, but, at the same time, flashing the possibility of pushing the process toward the death of the invaded and metabolically disrupted cell.
Key Technologies of Intelligent Question Answering System for Power System Rules and Regulations Based on Improved BERTserini Algorithm
Authors: Gao Ming , Li Mengshi , Ji Tianyao , Wang Nanfang , Lin Guowu , Wu Qinghua
Published: November 2023

With the continuous breakthrough of natural language processing, the application of intelligent question answering technology in electric power system has attracted wide attention. However, at present, the traditional question answering system has poor performance and is difficult to be applied in engineering practice. This paper proposes an improved BERTserini algorithm for intelligent answering of electric power regulations based on a BERT model. The proposed algorithm is implemented in two stages. The first stage is the text segmentation stage, where a multi-document long text preprocessing technique is utilized that accommodates the rules and regulations text, and then Anserini is used to extract paragraphs with high relevance to the given question. The second stage is answer generation and source retrieval stage, where a two-step fine-tuning based on the Chinese BERT model is applied to generate precise answers based on given questions, while the information regarding documents, chapters, and page numbers of these answers are also output simultaneously. The algorithm proposed in this paper eliminates the necessity for manual organization of professional question-answer pairs, thereby effectively reducing the manual labor cost compared to traditional question answering systems. Additionally, this algorithm exhibits a higher degree of exact match rate and a faster response time for providing answers.
Environmental and Ecological Impacts of Acid Mine Drainage, Using Microbes to Mitigate Its Effects
Authors: Adewoyin Adejide , Adewoye Itunu
Published: November 2023

Acid mine drainage (AMD) contamination is the primary environmental issue in industrial areas and where geological mining occurs. The oxidative dissolution of sulphide minerals causes AMD, natural ecosystems depend on microbial diversity and functioning at their best. This review presents the long-term effects of AMD water such as pollution from heavy metals (HM) on humans and plants, and the solution to the problem of heavy metal pollution by microbes metal interactions.
Post-COVID-19 Pandemic and its Impact on Women's Sleep Patterns and Quality: A Cross-Cultural Analysis
Authors: Sadiq Alaa
Published: November 2023

The study aimed to evaluate the after-effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the sleep quality and patterns of women across different cultural settings within Iraq, spanning the period of 2022. A cross-sectional survey was administered to a diverse cohort of women from multiple provinces in Iraq. The survey measured various parameters, including sleep duration, onset latency, and disturbances. The post-pandemic period has seen a notable decline in sleep quality among the female population. Contributing factors include psychological stress, lifestyle changes due to the pandemic, and ongoing socio-economic challenges. The impact on sleep quality exhibited variation across different cultural groups, indicating a significant cultural influence on the pandemic's psychological aftermath. The study concludes that the post-pandemic phase has adversely affected the sleep health of women in Iraq, with cultural factors playing a critical role in these changes. There is a pressing need for culturally sensitive public health strategies to address sleep disturbances and mitigate their long-term effects on women's health. Public health initiatives should be tailored to address the specific cultural contexts within Iraq to improve sleep health among women. Further research is warranted to explore the long-term consequences of disturbed sleep patterns and the effectiveness of different intervention strategies.
Epigenetic Modifications and Their Relevance in the Normal and Pathological Brain
Authors: Lossi Laura , Merighi Adalberto
Published: November 2023

Epigenetic changes are changes in gene expression that do not involve alterations to the basic DNA sequence. These changes lead to establishing a so-called epigenetic code that dictates which and when genes are activated, thus orchestrating gene regulation and playing a central role in development, health, and disease. The brain, being for the most formed by cells that do not undergo a renewal process through life, is highly prone to the risk of alterations leading to neuronal death and neurodegenerative disorders, mainly at late age. Here we review the main epigenetic modifications that have been described in the brain, with particular attention to those related to the onset of developmental anomalies or neurodegenerative conditions and/or occurring in old age. DNA methylation and several types of histone modifications (acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, sumoylation, lactylation, and crotonylation) are major players in these processes. They are directly or indirectly involved in the onset of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s disease. Therefore, this review briefly describes the role of these epigenetic changes in the mechanisms of brain development, maturation, and aging and some of the most important factors dynamically regulating or contributing to these changes such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Identification of MicroRNAs Associated with Histological Grade in Early-Stage Invasive Breast Cancer
Authors: Kurozumi Sasagu , Seki Naohiko , Narusawa Eriko , Honda Chikako , Tokuda Shoko , Nakazawa Yuko , Yokobori Takehiko , Katayama Ayaka , Mongan Nigel P , Rakha Emad A , Oyama Tetsunari , Fujii Takaaki , Shirabe Ken , Horiguchi Jun
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to identify microRNAs associated with histological grade using comprehensive microRNA analysis data obtained by next-generation sequencing in early-stage invasive breast cancer. RNA-seq data from normal breast and breast cancer samples were compared to identify candidate microRNAs with different expressions using bioinformatics. A total of 108 microRNAs were significantly differentially expressed between normal breast and breast cancer tissues. Using clinicopathological information and microRNA sequencing data of 430 patients with breast cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the differences in candidate microRNAs between low- and high-grade cases were compared. Comparing the expression of the 108 microRNAs between low- and high-grade cases, 25 and 18 microRNAs were significantly upregulated and downregulated, respectively, in high-grade cases. Clustering analysis of the TCGA cohort using these 43 microRNAs identified two groups strongly predictive of histological grade. miR-3677 is a microRNA upregulated in high-grade breast cancer. The outcome analysis revealed that patients with high miR-3677 expression had a significantly worse prognosis than those with low miR-3677 expression. This study showed that microRNAs were associated with histological grade in early-stage invasive breast cancer. These findings contribute to the elucidation of a new mechanism of breast cancer growth regulated by specific microRNAs.
Feasibility of Meat Loss and Waste Estimates Based on Meat Consumption and Availability
Authors: Colombani Paolo C. , Brunner Thomas A.
Published: November 2023

Meat loss and waste are estimated at each stage along the food chain, but the methods used are complex and the data needed often fragmented. We, therefore, evaluated the feasibility of estimating meat loss and waste using a simpler method comparing meat availability and consumption, using Swiss meat consumption according to a national nutrition survey and Swiss meat availability according to food balance sheets. As availability is reported at the fresh meat level and consumption as consumed, items of the latter were converted to fresh meat equivalents before comparing consumption with availability. Consumed unprocessed meat was directly converted to fresh meat equivalents and consumed meat products after having identified their meat ingredients. Meat availability, meat consumption as consumed and as fresh meat equivalent were 138.4 g/d, 105.5 g/d, and 112.1 g/d, respectively. The resulting total meat loss and waste was 19% and varied from −36% to 38% for the different meat types. Estimating meat loss and waste based on meat availability and consumption derived from a national nutrition survey yielded results varying to such an extent that the evaluated method to estimate meat loss and waste cannot be recommended.
The Process of Diagnosis and Treatment of Female Pelvic Floor Dysfunction and the Clinical Application of Physical Therapy
Authors: Wei Dongmei , Zheng Zheng , Liu Xiaofang , Lin Zhong , Zhang Qing , Xu Hong , Wang Liqun , Shen Cai e , Li Haiyan , Xu Tao , Yang Ruijia , Lu Ye
Published: November 2023

Abstract: Female pelvic floor dysfunction (FPFD) is a series of conditions caused by the displacement or dysfunction of the patient's pelvic organs due to defects, injuries, and deterioration of the pelvic floor supportive structures, with stress urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse being the most common. The mechanism of pelvic floor dysfunction is complex and not yet fully understood, and is often related to one or more functional abnormalities of muscles, connective tissues, fascia, nerves and blood vessels. Specialized clinicians are often unable to cover the comprehensive medical professional information of various specialties such as gynecology and obstetrics, urology, anus and intestines, imaging, etc., and the systematic and comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of the disease will be limited. The application of artificial intelligence concepts in the medical field not only improves the diagnostic efficiency of physicians, but also provides reference and basis for the development of comprehensive treatment programs. This article follows and draws on the diagnosis and treatment process of pelvic floor dysfunction recommended in various guidelines, incorporates physical therapy techniques into the conventional non-surgical treatment of pelvic floor dysfunction, provides guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of pelvic floor dysfunction, and briefly introduces the clinical application and value of pelvic floor intelligent diagnosis and treatment in pelvic floor dysfunction.
The Perspectives of Sapphire Implants Use in Bone Reconstruction Surgery
Authors: Melnikov Dmitry , Ivanov Semyon , Bondarenko Elizaveta , Abdeeva Elina
Published: November 2023

Background: Despite the fact that bone reconstructive surgeries are widely practiced worldwide, the search for an ideal bone replacement matetrial is still an open issue. We aimed to provide an overview of the current status of research and developments in this field with a focus on sapphire materials; Methods: A literature search and review was conducted using the PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases. We searched for literature using the following keywords: bone implants; biocompatible materials; bone replacement material; sapphire implants; Results: Sapphire has a unique combination of mechanical, physical and chemical characteristics thanks to wich it has an excelent biocompatability and biointegrity.Unlike other materials it is incredibly strong and has a high endurance. The successful experience of using this material in medical instrument engineering, dentistry and cardiac surgery shows its benefits; Conclusions: We consider that sapphire is a perspective material for bone replacement implants and researchers should look in this direction.
Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Paleocene-Eocene Palana Formation in Western Rajasthan, India: Insights for Sedimentary Paleoenvironmental Conations and Volcanic Activity
Authors: Hakimi Mohammed Hail , Kumar Alok , Alqubalee Abdullah , Singh Alok , Almobarky Mohammed , Rahim Afikah , Alqudah Mohammad , Lashin Aref , Mustapha Khairul Azlan , Naseem Waqas
Published: November 2023

Organic-rich shale deposits of the Paleocene-Eocene Palana Formation in western Rajasthan, India were systematically analyzed based on the elemental composition and organic geochemistry combined with microscopic examinations to evaluate the sedimentary paleoenvironmental conations and volcanic activity and their impact on the high organic carbon accumulation. The Palana shales are categorized by high OM and sulfur contents with total values up to 36.23 wt. % and 2.24 wt. %, respectively, suggesting marine setting and anoxic environmental conditions during the Paleocene-Eocene period. The richness of phytoplankton algae (i.e., telalginite and lamalginite) together with redox-sensitive trace elements further suggests anoxic environmental conditions. The significant low oxygen conditions may contributes to enhance preservation of organic matter during deposition. The mineralogical and inorganic geochemical indicators demonstrate that the Palana organic-rich shale facies was accumulated in warm and humid climate and low salinity stratification conditions of the water columns, thereby contributing to high bioproductivity of the phytoplankton algae blooms within the photic zone. The presence of the high concentrations of Fe-rich silica minerals such as olivine in most of the Palana organic-rich shales facility volcanic origin and supports hydrothermal activities during the Paleocene-Eocene period. These volcanic activities in this case are considered influx of large masses of nutrients into the photic zone due to the ash accumulation. Therefore, high bio-productivity associated with effective OM preservation contributed to the organic carbon accumulation in the Palana Formation during the Paleocene-Eocene.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PEKERJA KONTRAK DALAM PERJANJIAN KERJA DENGAN SISTEM OUTSOURCING DI INDONESIA
Authors: Yoso Pandhu Maruli , Suraji "
Published: November 2023

This article aims to determine the concept and examine the relationship between agency workers and companies involved in work agreements with the outsourcing system in Indonesia. There is a legal vacuum in defining this work relationship that gives more benefits to the company, which on the other hand also creates problems related to the protection of agency workers' rights. This research is a normative legal research. The approach used by the author is the statutory approach, case approach and the conceptual approach. The sources of law used consist of primary and secondary legal materials. The data collection technique used by the writer is a library research obtained from a review of legal regulations related to outsourcing contract workers. The technique of analyzing legal materials uses the syllogistic method with a deductive mindset. The result of this study is that with the existence of a legal vacuum in defining a legal relationship, the work agreement must have legal certainty in accordance with the work agreement arrangement in the outsourcing system and the agreement principle in the work agreement itself. This is intended so that contract workers and companies in the outsourcing system can mutually fulfill their rights and obligations according to the binding agreement of each party.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PEMEGANG HAK DESAIN GRAFIS PADA KAOS MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 31 TAHUN 2000 TENTANG DESAIN INDUSTRI (Studi Pada Penjual Kaos di Malioboro Yogyakarta)
Authors: Widiasari Ezra Mayora , Sulistiyono Adi
Published: November 2023

This article aims to find out what are the problems that hamper legal protecting of rights holders in T-shirt graphic design according to law number 31 of 2000 concerning industrial design ( case study in T-shirt seller in Malioboro, Yogyakarta).The research methodology used is a non-doctrinal research method or Empirical research, which is researching secondary data at first, then continuing research on primary data in the field. The law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 30 of 2000 concerning Industrial Design which is protected a creator  of  graphic  design.  A  graphic  design  is  a  one  of  creation  must  be  protection. Especially for creator of design graphic. The result of protection for T-shit creator design graphic in Malioboro, Yogyakarta, is not protected optimally because there are defect in implementation and there are three inhibiting factors. Researchers getting conclusion that the implementation of protected for creator rights graphic design on t-shirt is not optimally and to harmful for creator and designer

 
INTELECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IN THEORY OF ECONOMICS ANALYSIS OF LAW PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Sudarwanto AL Sentot , Sulistiyono Adi , Asrori S M. Hudi , Suryono Arief , Muryanto Yudho Taruno , Cahyaningsih Diana Tantri , Kharisma Dona Budi
Published: November 2023

This article aims to describe the relevance of the protection of intellectual property rights (IPR) in the perspective of the theory of economic analysis of law. The approach used is a historical approach (historical approach) using primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The data collection technique used is the literature study technique. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that so far the focus of traditional economic analysts has only highlighted that inventors or holders of exclusive IPR are entitled to incentives or rewards for their findings. Apart from that, giving incentives is also to encourage people to make discoveries that are beneficial to human life. However, they did not highlight the high cost of accessing or using their findings. Even the cost of accessing IP exceeds the cost of the production margin of IP itself. In the perspective of the theory of economic analysis of law, the condition of unbalanced margins can cause injustice.
ACTUAL CONTACT AREA ON THE WORN CLEARANCE FACE OF THE CUTTER WITH THE ROUND KYBORITE INSERT
Authors: Manovytsky Olersandr , Klymenko Sergii , Klymenko Serhii , Kopeikina Maryna
Published: November 2023

For a tool equipped with a circular cutting insert, a dependence is proposed for calculating the nominal area of the contact area on the back surface. It is proved that the actual area of the contact area of the tool differs significantly from the nominal one due to the presence of a system of micro-irregularities, which makes a difference in the assessment of machining process parameters. Using the example of a tool equipped with a circular cutting insert made of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride ciborite, an approach to determining the actual contact area of the back surface with the workpiece during finishing turning of hardened steel is considered. The possibility of taking into account the influence of the system of irregularities in the contact area, determined by the parameters of its topography, on the size of the actual area is shown, and the ratio of the actual and nominal areas of the contact areas of the tool is determined, and it is found that, depending on the degree of development of the microrelief, the ratio of the actual and nominal areas of the contact surface of the cutter differs by at least 20%. It is shown that the actual contact area is also related to the total length of the main and auxiliary cutting edges, determined by the maximum values of the main and auxiliary angles in the cutter plan, and the size of the wear chamfer on the back surface of the cutter.
TOPOGRAPHIC ADAPTABILITY IN THE DIAMOND GRINDING ZONE OF SUPERHARD MATERIALS
Authors: Fedorovich Vladimir , Ostroverkh Yevgeniy , Romashov Dmitry
Published: November 2023

A comprehensive theoretical and experimental analysis of technological topographic adaptability is carried out, based on an idealized description of the topographic parameters of the working surface of the grinding wheel, their changes during its wear and experimental laser scanning of the working surface of the grinding wheel and the processed superhard material (SHM). It has been established that the protrusion height of diamond grains affects the intensity of destruction (removal) of stock through a change in the number of working grains and the actual contact area of the SHM with the working part of the grinding wheel surface. In a controlled grinding process, it is possible to stabilize the working height of the grains in any of the 3 stages of their wear intensity, equating this intensity with the intensity of removal of the intergranular bond. A method has been developed for determining the actual contact area of the working surface of the grinding wheel and changing its technological adaptability. It has been established that in the process of topographic adaptability, the actual contact area can change by several orders of magnitude, respectively, the specific pressure at the contact of diamond grains with the SHM will change, and, consequently, the nature and intensity of their mutual destruction.
Increasing Burden of Upper-Extremity Fractures in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA)
Authors: Hoveidaei Amir Human , Nakhostin-Ansari Amin , Namdari Surena , Hosseini-Asl Seyed Hossein , Khonji Mohammad Saeid , Selk-Ghaffari Maryam , Pouramini Alireza , LaPorte Dawn M.
Published: November 2023

Background:

Upper-extremity fractures (UEFs) account for a large proportion of bone fractures and are costly to both health and the economy. The fracture burden in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is influenced by the region’s diverse cultural, economic, and political status. This study examined UEF epidemiology and causes across the MENA region and within the 21 MENA countries as categorized by the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data set.

Methods:

On the basis of GBD data, this study evaluated the epidemiology of UEFs from 1990 to 2019. The causes of injuries, incidence, number of years of healthy life lost due to disability (YLD), and their association with the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) were obtained and calculated for males and females in all age groups.

Results:

From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of UEFs in the MENA region increased by 2.33%, to 1,086.39 per 100,000 people, and the YLD rate increased 15.69%, to 9.17 per 100,000, opposing the global decreasing trends. Fractures of the radius and/or ulna had the highest ASIR (505.32 per 100,000) of all UEF types in 2019. The clavicle, scapula, and humerus had the highest increasing trend among the fracture sites. In 2019, Saudi Arabia had the highest ASIR of UEFs (2,296.93 per 100,000). Afghanistan had the highest age-standardized YLD rate due to UEFs (19.6 per 100,000) in 2019, with Syria (153.32%) and Iran (37.04%) experiencing the greatest increase and decrease, respectively, from 1990 to 2019. Falling was the leading cause of UEFs, accounting for 45.05% of incidence and 41.19% of YLD overall.

Conclusions:

Contrary to global trends, UEFs increased in the MENA region during the study period. Countries with higher fracture incidence and YLD should consider preventive and rehabilitation strategies.
Effectiveness of Integrated Al-Islam and Muhammadiyahan Learning Semester Holiday Internship Program (PMLS) at Persyarikatan as Strengthening Understanding of Muhammadiyah Ideology
Authors: Yuanita Yuanita , Saputra Adi
Published: November 2023

Islamic education in higher education through learning Al Islam and Muhammadiyah (AIKA) plays a very important role as the goal of national education is to produce graduates who have faith and devotion to God Almighty, especially facing future challenges, the need to strengthen Islamic ideology. AIKA education is a conscious and planned effort to believe in and understand the teachings of the Islamic religion in theory. The implementation of the results of strengthening understanding of Muhammadiyah ideology which contains Islamic and Muhammadiyah values is carried out by integrating learning with the semester holiday internship program (PMLS) at the organization. The aim of this research is to describe the effectiveness of AIKA learning which is integrated with PMLS as a means of strengthening understanding of Muhammadiyah ideology. The research subjects were 42 ta`awun students (students who received full scholarships from Muhammadiyah Bangkabelitung University) who were distributed to Muhammadiyah Business Charities (AUM). This research is qualitative descriptive. Data was collected from documentation, interviews and questionnaires in the form of average calculations, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman Model triangulation. AIK knowledge from the lessons that have been followed and then implementing PMLS can provide meaningful knowledge and experience. Based on the average results of the questionnaire on understanding Muhammadiyah ideology, it was found that 35% Very Understand, 64% Understand, 1% do not understand Muhammadiyah ideology. It can be concluded that AIKA learning which is integrated with PMLS has very good effectiveness when used for learning, especially in understanding AIKA and strengthening Muhammadiyah ideology for ta`awun students at Bangkabelitung Muhammadiyah University.
Philosophical Anthropology of Mikhail Konstantinovich Petrov: Culture and Sociocode. To the 100th Anniversary of the Birth
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Neretina Svetlana S.
Published: November 2023

The article, dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of Mikhail Konstanti­novich Petrov (1923–1987), an outstanding Russian philosopher, cultural theo­rist, science scholar, evaluates his contribution to the philosophy of the second half of the 20th century. The problems of mutual influence, communication and the formation of cultures are investigated, the genesis and ways of identifying different universals of culture – sociocodes are traced: personal-nominal, profes­sional-nominal and universal-conceptual. Language, sign, culture are the central themes and main concepts of all Petrov’s works (and the title of one of the fun­damental books). These terms are used to express the specific characteristics of a person who has necessarily become a social being due to biological insuffi­ciency. Translation, transmutation and communication are the main types of com­munication. Culture is considered due to such a means of communication as lan­guage and a sign, understood as a gene of social heredity, a carrier of meaning, a keeper of knowledge and meaning. Petrov’s position is compared with the po­sition of Clifford Geertz, for whom human nature is both a cultural and biologi­cal product. Complementing and developing the organic abilities of a person, culture is “an integral part of these abilities themselves”. Despite the difference in positions, the logic of the discussion of problems by both authors turned out to be similar stylistically and in terms of the formulation of problems.
Gone into the Forest in Search of the Pantry of the Sun: Mikhail Prishvin’s Philosophy of Salvation
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Knorre Elena Yu. ,   Saint Tikhon’s Orthodox University of Humanities
Published: November 2023

The article reconstructs the main aspects of Mikhail Prishvin’s philosophy of sal­vation. Prishvin’s soteriology goes back to the Neoplatonic tradition, its trans­formation in the myth of the Invisible City, the source of which is the idea of the true earth of Plato, the city of God by Aurelius Augustine, the unity of Vl. Solov’ev. The writer’s diaries and prose are united by the intuition of “res­urrection from a number”. The optics of kindred attention, distinguishing love proposed by Prishvin as an alternative to object thinking (thinking of number that does not distinguish between persons) gives an answer to the questions of his modernity – about spiritual resistance to technogenic collectivism and an alternative way of mutual knowledge of nature and space in in general. The philosophical plots of Prishvin are included in the family of ideas of the thinking collective, uniting the seeking city of the Russian Laientheolo­gie of the 19th century (F. Dostoevsky; L. Tolstoy; N. Fedorov; Vl. Solov’ov), existential philosophical tradition, Christian personalism and dialogism of the 20th century (M. Heidegger, E. Junger, V.V. Bibikhin, V.V. Rozanov, A.A. Meyer, M.M. Bakhtin, A.A. Ukhtomsky). Prishvin’s reasoning about the world as a liv­ing whole turns out to be consonant with the hylozoism of J.W. Goethe, D. An­dreev’s panpsychism, the concept of ongoing creation in cosmism by A.K. Gor­sky and V. Muravyov, Teilhard de Chardin’s Christian evolutionism; modern Christian ecology of T. Goricheva; ecotheology of R. Bauckham, C. Moe-Lobeda, Steven Bouma-Prediger, and John F. Haught.