bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Adaptasi Karakteristik Visual Arsitektur Melayu Kampung Tua Tanjung Riau
Authors: Rangkuty Gladies Imanda Utami , Carol Niq'q Jean , Christina Elva , Deviana Deviana , Wilarso Angga Setiawan , Wahyudi Al Ridho , Antony Antony , Willyam Carlos , Ardiansyah Hary Budhi , Leonardi Wahyu
Published: January 2021

Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan kota sering tidak sejalan dengan pemahaman dalam mempertahankan identitas bangunan sehingga dapat menghilangkan eksistensi arsitektur peninggalan suatu kawasan. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari adaptasi visual arsitektur Melayu di Kampung Tua Tanjung Riau, yang terdapat penduduk asli merupakan etnis Melayu. Perkembang yang semakin pesat serta mendatangkan banyak penduduk baru yang menyebabkan terjadiya akulturasi budaya. Memiliki sebutan Kampung Tua tidak menjamin bahwa daerah tersebut akan terhindar dari pengaruh perkembangan zaman. Tampak bahwa sebagian besar arsitektur pada Kampung Tua Tanjung Riau telah berkembang menjadi lebih modern, sehingga bangunan Melayu yang menjadi identitas kampung tersebut menghilang seiring berkembangnya zaman. Adaptasi Karakteristik visual arsitektur melayu dilakukan dengan tujuan dapat mengetahui karakteristik bangunan tradisional pada kawasan kampung tua yang masih mempertahankan karakteristik Melayu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan melihat kondisi eksisiting yang ada pada lokasi. Hasil pada penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa masih ada beberapa bangunan yang masih mempertahankan beberapa karakter visual Arsitektur Melayu yang terlihat dari elemen bangunan seperti tangga, struktur panggung, dinding dan atap.
Estimation of Age through Elbow Joint in children of Karnataka
Authors: Manjunatha A
Published: January 2021

70(35 male and 35 females) children aged between 11 to 18 years were studied for ossification of elbow joint

radiologically, 4(11.4%) were 11 years 5(14.2%) were 12 years, 7 (20%) were 13 years of age, 5(14.2%)

were 14 years, 3(8.57%) were 15 years were 16 years, 3 (8.57%) were 17 years and 4 (11.4%) were 18 years

old. The radiological study of elbow joint was Appearance of trochlea was observed only in female at 11

year. Fusion of trochlea was in males at 14 to 15 years of age and in 12 to 14 years in females. Appearance

of lateral Epicondyle in male was 11 to 12 years but in females at 11 years only. Fusion of lat epicondyle in

males was between 13 to 16 years and in females 13 to 14 years. Fusion of medial epicondyle in males was

between 14 to 16 years but in females between 11 to 15 years. Fusion of head of Radius in males between

14 to 16 years of age but in females between 11 to 13 years only. Appearance of olecranon process in males

between 11 to 13 years and in females between at 11 years only. Fusion of olecranon process in males was

between 17 to 18 years of age in females between 15 to 16 years only.

This study of elbow appearance and joint in which early appearance and ossification of females bones

will be helpful to medico-legal expert, orthopedician, radiologist, anthropologist and anatomist. Moreover

this study has ethnic and regional importance because morphometric values of mesodermal derivatives are

uncertain
Study of Unnatural Deaths of Women Brought to Raichur Institute of Medical Sciences for Medico-Legal Autopsy
Authors: Praveen Kumar
Published: January 2021

Discrimination against women in our society is deeply embedded within family context of the women.

Women are subjected to violence from husbands and from their relatives in their natal as well as marital

homes. This study was designed to determine unnatural deaths of females in Raichur during the year 2017.

total 362 cases were autopsied where as 77 women of unnatural deaths were autopsied. Third and fourth

decade were common age group. Most of the unnatural deaths were suicidal and road traffic accidents.

This study reflects the susceptibility of women to unnatural deaths, thus needs to enhance the multipronged

protective system, to curb these potentially preventable unnatural deaths of females
Morphometric Study of External Nose for Sex Determination and Ethnic Group Differentiation
Authors: Senthil Kumar B
Published: January 2021

Background: External nose is one of the anatomical structures that give a look in an individual’s face. The

size and shape of the nose vary from one individual to another individual.

Aim: To determine the sex based on morphometry of external nose.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 100 Malaysians and 100 South Indians of

age group (20 to 30 years). The morphometric measurements of the external nose such as nasal length (NL),

nasal breadth (NB), nasal height (NH), nasal depth (ND), width of columella (WC), nostril breadth (NB),

alar length (AL) and alar width (AW) were measured using digital caliper by standard procedure.

Results: The nasal width was found to be larger in Malaysian females as compared to that of Indian females.

The nasal height was found to be larger in Indian males followed by Indian females and vice versa in

Malaysian population. When compared among the population the nasal length was lengthier in Indian

population and in Malaysian males when compared to Malaysian females. Alar length slight difference was

found between male and female of both the population when compared on both the sides. The alar width

was found to be more in Indian population when compared to Malaysian population. The nostril breadth was

found to be wider in Malaysian population when compared to the Indian population.

Conclusion: The present study shows that their do exist gender difference in nasal morphometry and nasal

index of both males and females.
Assessment of Mother’s Practice among Using Oral Rehydration Solution for their Children with Diarrhea in Babylon City
Authors: Abdulmahdi A. Hasan
Published: January 2021

Objectives: A descriptive study that aimed to find out demographic characteristics of mothers like age ,

level of education , occupation and resident area, to find out demographic characteristics of child regarding

age , sex and birth order of the child and kind of feeding breast feeding and to assess the mother practices

among using oral rehydration solution.

Methodology: The study was carried out at Child and Maternal Babylon Hospital, study period extended

from December(2016) to end of the February(2017). Anon-probability sample was selected from Child and

Maternal Babylon Hospital and al-Hashemia Hospital, the sample consisted (100) mothers.

Results : showed that (64% ) of mothers their age between ( 20-30 ) years . also results reveal that ( 56% )

of mothers graduate from primary school ,and show that ( 93% ) of mothers were unemployed.
Hospital Door Knobs as a Source of Bacterial Contamination: A Study in Iraqi Hospitals
Authors: Zainab Salim Jaafar
Published: January 2021

In this study, 20 swabs were collected from three hospitals in the holy city of Karbala (Al Hussein General

Hospital, Al Abbas Private Hospital and Maternity Hospital). Nutrient agar was grown on solid feed medium

and incubated at 37 ° C for 24-48 hours for isolation and diagnosis. Bacterial isolates obtained underwent

biochemical and bacteriological tests for diagnosis. I prepared different doses of isolated bacteria according

to the McFarland model. Then take 0.1 ml of 1/10000 IV dilution and add to Muller Hinton agar medium.

The results of the preliminary diagnosis of the isolated bacteria showed that the positive bacteria of Cram

stain were higher than those of Cram negative bacteria. The largest number of S.aureus bacteria was in the

hospital environment from which swabs were taken and in all locations, especially bathrooms. By calculating

the percentage of the total number of samples diagnosed for each hospital separately, the results showed that

Hussein General Hospital had the highest contamination rate of 90%, while Al-Ahli Hospital had the lowest

contamination rate of 40%. With regard to the effect of antiseptics, the concentration gave 75% Dettol the

highest amount of inhibition of bacterial growth compared with other concentrations.

On the other hand, the synergistic effect of both antiseptics (Dettol and chlorine) 75% -25% had an effect

on inhibition of bacterial growth and its total elimination in the medium compared to other concentrations.
Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Pain among Iraqi Dentists
Authors: Alia Tabour Thijeel
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) very high among dentists world wide.

Among these MSDs, neck pain & Low back pain are most common. Objective: After extensive search on

prevalence of MSDs pain among dentists in different countries, we planned a study to examine prevalence

among Iraqi dentists. Methodology: this study was cross sectional survey study conducted at Medical

institute of Baghdad, Al-Falah dental center and Prosthetic and orthodontic dental center. Dentists were

selected using simple randomized methods and using certain exclusion and inclusion criteria. Results: All

participants filled the questionnaire forum . 44.4% were male, 66.6% female. Prevalence of back pain was

18.9% , Neck pain was 13.3%, 2.2% had hand pain, 30% had no pain. Conclusion: High prevalence of

MSDs in general reach to about 70% and the most affected area were as fellow :Neck& shoulder , back and

hand .Male and young age were more prone to different MSDs.
The Effect of the use of E-Learning Teaching Physiology in the Academic Achievement of Students of the Technical Medical Institute
Authors: Mayad Nazim Rashid
Published: January 2021

Physiology is an important science that is taught at the Technical Medical Institute, where it is taught in

most sections and branches, and to know the extent of the student’s understanding and mental abilities by

the use of modern technology, and learning may be an immediate or simultaneous learning in the classroom

or outside. E-learning is characterized by ease and modification of information provided and increases

the possibility of communication to exchange views, experiences and perspectives between students and

teachers and overcome the problem of the number of students with narrow classrooms. It is also successful

for the “traditional education” that exists at the institute, where it constitutes the collective presence of

students and promotes joint work among them. The present research aims to identify the effect of using an

e-learning by teaching physiology in the academic achievement of the students of the Technical Medical

Institute. They were divided into two groups, the first experimental and the second by twenty students for

each group, one of the experimental group that studied e-learning method and the second control, which

studied by lecture method.
Age Estimation from Radiological Evaluation of Epiphyseal Union of Related Bones Around Elbow Joint: A Cross Sectional Study from Central India (Chhattisgarh)
Authors: Aloke Mazumder, Ninad Nagrale
Published: January 2021

Radiological evaluation of the skeletal age represents an important tool for the estimation of the chronological age in the living. The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between the chronological age and degree of epiphyseal fusion around elbow joint in population of Chhattisgarh (Central India) and to compare our results with the results of similar studies. The study was carried out in 100 healthy subjects (40 girls and 60 boys) aging from 13 to 20 years. The obtained results from the radiographs revealed that the complete fusion of epiphysis of elbow joint is seen at 16-20 years. Females were consistently developing epiphyseal union at a younger age than their male counterparts. Results also suggest that the age of epiphyseal union is found to vary greatly all over the world indicating the need for separate standards of age of epiphyseal union for separate regions.
Detection of Parvovirus B19 Infection in Thalasemic Patients in Tikrit City, Serological Study
Authors: Hala Mohamed Majeed
Published: January 2021

Background:-ParvovirusB19, a member of the genus Erythrovirus virus of the Parvoviridae family, causes several clinical diseases including infectious erythematosus, joints, fetalis hydrops or chronic hemolytic anemia like thalassemia syndrome, transient aplastic crises. B19 can be transmitted through respiratory secretions, blood products, and blood transfusions.Objective: To identify the seroprevalence of Human Parvovirus B19 virus in Patients with thalassemia major in Tikrit city.Material and method:- This lessons is a cross-sectional case control study that included 130 Patients infection with beta thalassemia attendance the Tikrit Military Hospital Department of Blood Diseases Unit as of 1/7 /2018 to 1/12/2018 major age ranging from 1-60 years and 50 healthy patients as control grouping. Blood sample were obtain for determination of specific antibodies IgG and IgM for HPV-B19 by enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA).Results:- HPV B19 IgM antibodies were detected in 15 of 130 thalassemic patient(11.5%),and not detected in any patient of control group, P value ( 0.02).While anti-HPV B19 IgG antibodies were detected in 50 of 130 of thalassemic patient (38.5 %)and 2(4%) of 50 in control group(5%), P value(0.003).. the range age of the thalassemia patient was (2 –58 years) and B19 infection was highest in the 20-to-40 year range. And the result show the highest percentage to infected to virus during the blood transfusions once a month per month was 30(100%) anti-B19IgG and 8(26.7%) anti-B19IgM.Conclusion:-In this study, acute B19 infections were detect in patients with beta thalassemia major. showing of such high-risk groups can significantly reduce the incidence and prevalence of B19 infection; thus, screening is required for epidemiologic surveillance and disease-prevention measures.
Residual chemical analysis of amines used as corrosion inhibitors
Authors:   Innovative University of Eurasia, Kassenova Zh.
Published: January 2021

Main problem: Presence of acidic chemicals such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide, composition of production fluids triggers corrosion. Corrosion in oil and gas industry leads to deterioration of equipment since most of equipment is made of metal alloys. Application of inhibitors is one of the corrosion mitigation methods that needs to be controlled because it is important to identify optimal concentration of the chemicals in production fluids.Residual chemical analysis plays an important rolein identifying the appropriate dosage of corrosion inhibitors and its correction. It is imperative to find the most optimal concentration of amines due to the fact that both overdose and underdose could lead to equipment deterioration. The chemical analysis is hindered by complexity of mixtures that are applied in petroleum industry. Purpose: The main purpose of this article is to find out the most effective method of residual chemical analysis for inhibitors used against sweet and sour corrosion by studying and analyzing corresponding literature review. The analysis should be carried out with robust, sensitive, and accurate instrumentation. Methods :Theoretical study of composition and mechanism of amines used in oil and gas industry as corrosion inhibitors and selection of appropriate instrumental analytical techniques for the residual analysis. Results and their importance: After careful studying and consideration of modern instrumental analytical techniques the most optimal and efficient method in terms of robustness, time saving and cost was selected. Ion chromatography is an adequate method to carry out residual chemical analysis for amines that are used as inhibitors in oil and gas industry to prevent sweet and sour corrosion.
Comparative analysis of set expressions with the zoonymic component of "dog" in English and Kazakh languages
Authors:   E.A. Buketov Karaganda University, Alshynbayeva M. , Omasheva J. ,   Medical University of Karaganda, Mazhitayeva Sh. ,   E.A. Buketov Karaganda University
Published: January 2021

The article focuses on to conduct a comparative analysis of English and Kazakh phraseological units nominating the image of a dog. The purpose of this study is to consider the national and cultural specifics, reflected in the stable expressions of the English and Kazakh languages with the "dog" component. The article provides a brief overview of works related to the issues of phraseology in English and Kazakh. The work was based on general scientific methods: induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis. The work with the collected card index of stable expressions was carried out by the method of continuous sampling, using the descriptive-analytical method. An important place in the work with the material was given to the methods of definitional, contextual and typological analysis. Using the comparative-comparative method, national-specific and universal features of zoonyms in English and Kazakh languages were determined. The material of the research was a card index of phraseological units of the English and Kazakh languages (more than 160 units) which were selected using the method of continuous sampling from phraseological dictionaries of the English and Kazakh languages. When analyzing the authors of the article relied on materials from phraseological dictionaries in English and Kazakh languages. In the course of the analysis, groups of phraseological units were identified and their differences and similarities in the compared languages were identified, as well as their national and cultural specificity, based on the action of universal cultural codes; the national and cultural specificity of zoonyms is determined by a number of extralinguistic factors: the location of the country, the living conditions of the people, their customs and traditions, history, religion and socio-political structure. All this secures national-specific connotation to zoonyms and determines their productivity. The results of the study showed that through the prism of axiology, an analysis of English and Kazakh stable combinations with the "dog" component, reflecting the paradigm of values (general cultural and national-cultural) and anti-values of the corresponding ethnic communities, was presented, as well as universal values representing at the intercultural level. The results of the study showed that through the prism of axiology, the analysis reflects the paradigm of values (general cultural and national-cultural) and anti-values of the corresponding ethnic communities. The research results have both theoretical and practical significance; it will be additional material for elective courses on the subject of "Lexicology" taught at the faculties of philology and foreign languages in higher educational institutions.
Implementation of environmental measures in the study of pre-design situations on the example of a roadside service facility
Authors:   Sochi State University, Sidorov V. , Kamzina N. ,   Innovative University of Eurasia, Kamzin E. ,   Innovative University of Eurasia, Kaidarova A.
Published: January 2021

When solving project tasks, it is necessary to take into account the maximum number of possible solutions that contribute to the efficiency of the object. When analyzing the activity of multifunctional objects, such solutions are all the more important, since they allow, taking into account the specific features of the object, to make the most rational design decision, especially if these solutions are associated with the ability to solve environmental and energy-efficient problems. The decisions made can take into account both the operation of the object itself and the infrastructure that provides the solution with the necessary engineering solutions. The most difficult thing in making project decisions is to systematize the studied situations and analyze informative sources. Systematization of methods of pre-project analysis, generalization of the experience of project work on the example of designing a roadside service object. Wepropose forms that facilitate the structuring of information sources, as well as logical tables that give an idea of the specifics of the choice of positions and directions that allows quickly come to an understanding of how to implement project tasks. Awareness of the methods that allow organizing the logic and sequence of design processes in design and architectural design allows the author to identify the most important problems from his point of view and fit them into the range of design tasks. The search for answers to these problems is formed by ways of structuring information and displaying it in pictorial structures, where the word takes on the meaning of a specific symbol, in a chain of connections that determine the understanding of the integral process of functioning of the future object, taking into account all aspects of its activity.
Influence of seasonal pasture rotation on animal productivity in Zhambyl region
Authors:   Innovative University of Eurasia, Issayeva Zh.
Published: January 2021

Complex research is carried out on the rational use of natural pastures with seasonal use in a specific area. The research was conducted in 2015-2017 on the lands of “Batyr” farm in Korday district of Zhambyl region. The pasture lands of the farm consists of 5 independent sites and are located in 3 geographical areas:foothill-steppe (950 hа), foothill-dry steppe (1370 hа) and foothill-semi-desert (1880 hа). The total area of distant pastures is 4.200 hectares. As a result of conducting of geobotanical researches, the farm territory of peasant farm "Batyr" in Korday district of Zhambyl region was divided into seasons (spring-summer-autumn) of their use, the yield of natural herbage and live weight gain of animals was determined. Results of accounting of productivity of natural herbages on zones, seasons of year are given in article and the gain of livemass of animals for the pasturable period is defined. When determining efficiency of sheep it is revealed that higher additional weight of a liveweight is received in experimental group of animal. The seasonal pasture on average in three years of researches at the end of the pasturable period provided an increase of a live weight of rams on 3.370 kg/head at ewes on 8.020 kg/head and lambs of birth year on 8.640 kg/head is more in comparison with control groups of animals. It should be noted that for the pasturable period the increase of alive mass of animals in experimental group in 2017 is higher than a research in comparison with previous years. In 2017 at a pasture of animals on seasonal sites it was applied intra seasonal pasture turnover at which unproductive driving of animals in search of a forage on the grazing square is practically reduced three times, besides degradation of the pasturable territory is completely excluded. It was found that the use of seasonal use of pastures provides more weight gain studied animals compared to animals that graze in one place with an unsystematic manner of grazing. The implementation of the results created the conditions for the restoration of degraded pastures with an increase in the growth and development of vegetation cover up to 15-18 % and an increase in livestock production through rational grazing up to 12 %.
NEW BLACK-FILLED EPOXY COATINGS FOR REPAIRING SURFACE OF EQUIPMENT OF MARINE SHIPS
Authors: Buketov Andriy , Smetankin Serhiy , Maruschak Pavlo , Yurenin Kyrylo , Sapronov Oleksandr , Matvyeyev Viktor , Menou Abdellah
Published: January 2021

The methods for ensuring long-term and safe operation of marine equipment due to comprehensive repair technologies that use epoxy oligomers and new compositions based on them are developed. The influence of temperature and UltraSonic Treatment (UST) on the rheological properties of the pure epoxy matrix and compositions based on it is explored. The compositions have different content of nanodispersed soot carbon black of brand PowCarbon 2419G (particle size of 24 ± 2 nm). It is established that when nanoparticle soot (q = 0.10…15.00 pts wt) is introduced into the composition of the epoxy matrix treated with ultrasound, the viscosity of the composition increases gradually. Based on the results obtained, temperature ranges are recommended, in which the viscosity of the studied compositions reaches optimal technological parameters for the effective impregnation of threads, tows and various fabrics, and which provide for the effective application of the composition to the working surfaces of marine equipment. Technical recommendations are given for applying the developed black-filled epoxy compositions to the working surfaces of parts, ship mechanisms and pipeline systems of marine vessels.
TESS Discovery of a Super-Earth and Three Sub-Neptunes Hosted by the Bright, Sun-like Star HD 108236
Authors: Daylan Tansu , Pinglé Kartik , Wright Jasmine , Günther Maximilian N. , Stassun Keivan G. , Kane Stephen R. , Vanderburg Andrew , Jontof-Hutter Daniel , Rodriguez Joseph E. , Shporer Avi , Huang Chelsea X. , Mikal-Evans Thomas , Badenas-Agusti Mariona , Collins Karen A. , Rackham Benjamin V. , Quinn Samuel N. , Cloutier Ryan , Collins Kevin I. , Guerra Pere , Jensen Eric L. N. , Kielkopf John F. , Massey Bob , Schwarz Richard P. , Charbonneau David , Lissauer Jack J. , Irwin Jonathan M. , Baştürk Özgür , Fulton Benjamin , Soubkiou Abderahmane , Zouhair Benkhaldoun , Howell Steve B. , Ziegler Carl , Briceño César , Law Nicholas , Mann Andrew W. , Scott Nic , Furlan Elise , Ciardi David R. , Matson Rachel , Hellier Coel , Anderson David R. , Butler R. Paul , Crane Jeffrey D. , Teske Johanna K. , Shectman Stephen A. , Kristiansen Martti H. , Terentev Ivan A. , Schwengeler Hans Martin , Ricker George R. , Vanderspek Roland , Seager Sara , Winn Joshua N. , Jenkins Jon M. , Berta-Thompson Zachory K. , Bouma Luke G. , Fong William , Furesz Gabor , Henze Christopher E. , Morgan Edward H. , Quintana Elisa , Ting Eric B. , Twicken Joseph D.
Published: January 2021

We report the discovery and validation of four extrasolar planets hosted by the nearby, bright, Sun-like (G3V) star HD 108236 using data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). We present transit photometry, reconnaissance, and precise Doppler spectroscopy, as well as high-resolution imaging, to validate the planetary nature of the objects transiting HD 108236, also known as the TESS Object of Interest (TOI) 1233. The innermost planet is a possibly rocky super-Earth with a period of

days and has a radius of 1.586 ± 0.098 R
⊕. The outer planets are sub-Neptunes, with potential gaseous envelopes, having radii of

R
⊕, 2.72 ± 0.11 R
⊕, and

R
⊕ and periods of

days,

days, and

days, respectively. With V and K

s
magnitudes of 9.2 and 7.6, respectively, the bright host star makes the transiting planets favorable targets for mass measurements and, potentially, for atmospheric characterization via transmission spectroscopy. HD 108236 is the brightest Sun-like star in the visual (V) band known to host four or more transiting exoplanets. The discovered planets span a broad range of planetary radii and equilibrium temperatures and share a common history of insolation from a Sun-like star (R
⋆ = 0.888 ± 0.017 R
⊙, T
eff = 5730 ± 50 K), making HD 108236 an exciting, opportune cosmic laboratory for testing models of planet formation and evolution.
Three-dimensional Simulations of the Inhomogeneous Low Solar Wind
Authors: Magyar N. , Nakariakov V. M.
Published: January 2021

In the near future, the Parker Solar Probe will put theories about the dynamics and nature of the transition between the solar corona and the solar wind to stringent tests. The most popular mechanism aimed to explain the dynamics of the nascent solar wind, including its heating and acceleration, is magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. Most of the previous models focused on nonlinear cascade induced by interactions of outgoing Alfvén waves and their reflections, ignoring effects that might be related to perpendicular structuring of the solar coronal plasma, despite overwhelming evidence for it. In this paper, for the first time, we analyze through 3D MHD numerical simulations the dynamics of the perpendicularly structured solar corona and solar wind, from the low corona to 15 R
⊙. We find that background structuring has a strong effect on the evolution of MHD turbulence, on much faster timescales than in the perpendicularly homogeneous case. On timescales shorter than nonlinear times, linear effects related to phase mixing result in a 1/f perpendicular energy spectrum. As the turbulent cascade develops, we observe a perpendicular (parallel) energy spectrum with a power-law index of −3/2 or −5/3 (−2), a steeper perpendicular magnetic field than velocity spectrum, and a strong build-up of negative residual energy. We conclude that the turbulence is most probably generated by the self-cascade of the driven transverse kink waves, referred to previously as “uniturbulence,” which might represent the dominant nonlinear energy cascade channel in the pristine solar wind.
Atomic Clocks in Space: A Search for Rubidium and Cesium Masers in M- and L-dwarfs
Authors: Darling Jeremy
Published: January 2021

I searched for the ground state 6.8 and 9.2 GHz hyperfine transitions of rubidium and cesium toward M- and L-dwarfs that show Rb and Cs optical resonance lines. The optical lines can pump the hyperfine transitions, potentially forming masers. These spin-flip transitions of Rb and Cs are the principal transitions used in atomic clocks (the 133Cs hyperfine transition defines the second). If they are detected in stellar atmospheres, these transitions would provide exceptionally precise clocks that can be used as accelerometers, as exoplanet detectors, as probes of the predictions of general relativity, as probes of light propagation effects, and as a means to do fundamental physics with telescopes. Observations of 21 M- and L-dwarfs, however, show no evidence for Rb or Cs maser action, and a previous survey of giant stars made no Rb maser detections.
NEO Population, Velocity Bias, and Impact Risk from an ATLAS Analysis
Authors: Heinze A. N. , Denneau Larry , Tonry John L. , Smartt Steven J. , Erasmus Nicolas , Fitzsimmons Alan , Robinson James E. , Weiland Henry , Flewelling Heather , Stalder Brian , Rest Armin , Young David R.
Published: January 2021

We estimate the total population of near-Earth objects (NEOs) in the solar system using an extensive, “solar-system-to-pixels” fake-asteroid simulation to debias detections of real NEOs by the ATLAS survey. Down to absolute magnitudes H = 25 and 27.6 (diameters of ∼34 and 10 m, respectively, for 15% albedo), we find total populations of (3.72 ± 0.49) × 105 and (1.59 ± 0.45) × 107 NEOs, respectively. Most of the plausible sources of error tend toward underestimation, so the true populations are likely larger. We find the distribution of H magnitudes steepens for NEOs fainter than H ∼ 22.5, making small asteroids more common than extrapolation from brighter H mags would predict. Our simulation indicates a strong bias against detecting small but dangerous asteroids that encounter Earth with high relative velocities—i.e., asteroids in highly inclined and/or eccentric orbits. Worldwide NEO discovery statistics indicate this bias affects global NEO detection capability to the point that an observational census of small asteroids in such orbits is probably not currently feasible. Prompt and aggressive followup of NEO candidates, combined with closer collaborations between segments of the global NEO community, can increase detection rates for these dangerous objects.
Does the Use of Lights and Sirens on Ambulances Affect Pre-hospital Time?
Authors: Apiratwarakul Korakot , Lenghong Kamonwon , Bhudhisawasdi Vajarabhongsa , Gaysonsiri Dhanu , Tiamkao Somsak
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: The use of lights and sirens (L&S) alerts other drivers of the presence of an ambulance and that they are required yield, increasing the speed and safety of emergency medical services (EMS) operations. However, there have been no studies examining the effect of L&S on pre-hospital time conducted in Thai EMS agencies.
AIM: The aim of the study was to compare the operation times of ambulances with and without the use of L&S.
METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study consisting of patients over 18 years of age assessed and treated through the Srinagarind Hospital EMS between April 2019 and March 2020. Data were collected from the Srinagarind Hospital EMS operation database and hospital information database system.
RESULTS: A total of 1764 patients were enrolled, 1426 (80.8%) of whom were transported in an ambulance that used L&S. The mean age of patients in the L&S group was 45.2 ± 6.2 years and 742 (52.0%) were male. The average response times in the L&S and non-L&S groups were 10.2 min and 18.2 min, respectively (p < 0.001). Average L&S transport time was 11.1 min and non-L&S transport time was 17.1 min (p = 0.008).
CONCLUSIONS: The use L&S reduced the response and transport times of EMS operations but not affect on-scene time.
Benefit of Cognitive Stimulation Therapy in a Patient with Vascular Dementia: A Case Report
Authors: Soedirman Billy Salvatore , Laksmidewi Anak Agung Ayu Putri
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) is a restoration therapy based on cognitive improvement of patients, by giving patients a variety of stimulation. This therapy is highly recommended for people with mild dementia from mild to moderate in either Alzheimer dementia or vascular dementia. Vascular dementia is a collection of symptoms of decreased cognitive abilities associated with the incidence of stroke.
CASE REPORT: Reported a 76-year-old man, who had a bleeding stroke, in admission the patient were often angry, sleepless, and aphasic. After returning home the patient experienced impairment in memory, language, executive ability, mild to moderate degree of visuospatial and incapable to manage his daily activities, therefore in routine evaluation of the 3rd month, patient was diagnosed as Vascular cognitive impairment. On regular home visits until the 6th month after the stroke, it was reported that in the first 6 months had been received CST. However, in the 7th–9th month of CST because at the time of the coronavirus disease-19 pandemic, human interaction was severely restricted, so patient monitoring was carried out using Ina AD-8 through phone. An evaluation of the cognitive function by measuring the cognitive function of the patient was using the Indonesian version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-Ina), as well as using activity daily living and instrumental daily living activities to measure the patient’s independence function. After 6 months of CST, there were cognitive improvements and were seen in MoCA – Ina, Ina AD-8 followed by improved patient independence.
CONCLUSION: Cognitive stimulation is the best intervention option in the treatment of mild to moderate vascular dementia. This case is one good example that shows the success of CST that has been observed for 9 months, not only on the cognitive component but also in terms of the ability to perform daily activities.
Un capitalisme de surveillance
Authors: Zuboff Shoshana , Rose Sean
Published: January 2021

À l’âge de l’information, doit-on tout accepter au nom du libre accès à Internet ? Derrière des déclarations d’intention relatives à la liberté et leur mission d’utilité publique, les géants de l’économie numérique pratiquent une forme inédite de capitalisme à travers la collecte massive de données personnelles. La sociologue et professeure émérite de la Harvard Business School, Shoshana Zuboff, a théorisé sur ce nouveau visage de l’exploitation qu’elle nomme « capitalisme de surveillance ».
Apports de la pair-aidance aux dispositifs de santé mentale en France
Authors: Niard Camille , Franck Nicolas
Published: January 2021

Tant Camille Niard, médiatrice de santé paire, que Nicolas Franck, Professeur de psychiatrie, tournent leur projecteur sur la professionnalisation des pairs-aidants en santé mentale. Ils dressent un état des lieux de leur nombre, de leurs formations et de leurs objectifs. Ces derniers se recommandant historiquement de cette pratique dite Recovery ou Rétablissement, initiée aux USA par « Les survivants de la psychiatrie » dans les années 1970. La pair-aidance « affirme que la vulnérabilité psychique peut s’apprivoiser, être dépassée et devenir une force pour la personne et, au-delà, pour la société ». Deux originalités aussi à retenir dans cet article centré sur le Rétablissement. D’une part, il existe une association intitulée « ESPAIRS » (tout l’espoir promu par les pairs), collectif autogéré de pairs, au service des institutions, mais hiérarchiquement indépendantes d’elles. D’autre part, depuis 2019, a été mis en place un Observatoire du Rétablissement, animé par des pairs et financé par la Fondation de France.
Parité statutaire et disparité subjective
Authors: Lecarpentier Michel
Published: January 2021

Comment la clinique de la Borde a-t-elle su faire face à l’épidémie de la Covid-19 et de l’aliénation sociale en résultant ? « Faute de se serrer les mains, se serrer les coudes », écrit Michel Lecarpentier, psychiatre de longue date dans cette clinique psychiatrique exemplaire. Dans son témoignage, daté du 30 mai 2020, peu de temps après la levée du « confinement », la longue histoire de la Borde, par-delà les cloisonnements statutaires, a permis de sauvegarder l’essentiel : le sens de l’existence. Grâce à une club thérapeutique fondé en 1953 et une association Croix-Marine dès 1965, les activités relationnelles, le collectif a pu maintenir les activités tant à l’intérieur de la clinique que dans les maisons associatives dans la cité. Avec toute une histoire de « connivence », chère à Jean Oury, la reconnaissance de chacun a permis que la pair-aidance y prenne la figure de la « disparité subjective ».
Le discret régime juridique applicable aux proches du fonctionnaire
Authors: Cadinot Clément
Published: January 2021

Les proches du fonctionnaire ne sont pas soumis à un corpus juridique clairement identifiable. Ils font pourtant l’objet de dispositions parfois anciennes dans le statut de la fonction publique. Ces dispositions, qui ont été récemment étoffées avec des lois de 2016 et de 2019, portent sur la protection des proches d’une part, et sur des précautions quant à l’exercice de certaines activités de leur part, d’autre part.
Patient partenaire : de la pratique à la recherche
Authors: Pétré Benoît , Louis Gilles , Voz Bernard , Berkesse Alexandre , Flora Luigi
Published: January 2021

L’approche du « patient partenaire de soins » est aujourd’hui considérée comme un levier majeur pour l’optimisation des systèmes de soins. Si les patients doivent indiscutablement être parties prenantes et critiques d’un système de santé, il n’en demeure pas moins que cette notion mérite d’être mieux documentée pour gagner en efficacité et efficience et asseoir de bonnes pratiques. Différents enjeux de recherche dans ce domaine sont soulevés sur des aspects de clarification conceptuelle, d’évaluation et de compréhension des pratiques. Cet article souhaite ouvrir le dialogue autour de la construction d’un agenda de recherche sur la thématique du partenariat.
Le Plan Alzheimer québécois, un plan basé sur les soins primaires
Authors: Arsenault-Lapierre Geneviève , Godard-Sebillotte Claire , Sourial Nadia , Couturier Yves , Bouchard Pierre , Rozo Laura Rojas , Pilon Colette , Bergman Howard , Vedel Isabelle
Published: January 2021

Plusieurs pays ont répondu à l’appel de l’Organisation mondiale de la santé et ont développé ou implanté des plans Alzheimer. Les plans ancrent la majorité des soins aux personnes vivant avec la démence dans le cadre soit des soins spécialisés soit des soins primaires. Dans cet article, nous présentons le Plan Alzheimer du Québec, mis en œuvre dans l’ensemble des groupes de médecine familiale, qui sont des cliniques interdisciplinaires de soins primaires de la province canadienne. Le Plan Alzheimer québécois vise à permettre aux équipes de soins primaires, composées de médecins, d’infirmières et/ou de travailleurs sociaux et de pharmaciens, d’offrir un accès à des services d’évaluation et de traitement personnalisés et coordonnés aux personnes vivant avec une démence ainsi qu’à leurs aidants. Ce plan permet aux cliniciens de soins primaires de détecter, diagnostiquer, traiter et suivre la grande majorité des patients et/ou des aidants. L’un des principaux points forts de sa stratégie est son évaluation intégrée, qui permet d’informer la mise en œuvre et sa flexibilité, qui permet des adaptations locales. Nous discutons de la faisabilité et des avantages d’ancrer les soins aux personnes vivant avec une démence dans un cadre de soins primaires interdisciplinaires et interprofessionnels.
État des lieux du système d’information sanitaire du Gabon
Authors: Koumamba Aimé Patrice , Lipenguet Gaetan Moukoumbi , Mbenga Raymond Ondzigue , Bisvigou Ulrich Jolhy , Assoum-Mve Fidéline Ursule Andeme , Effame Yvon Patrice , Tsokati Jean Donatien , Nka Emmanuel Assoumou , Djali Olive Léa , Ngoungou Brice Edgard , Diallo Gayo , Bagayoko Cheick Oumar
Published: January 2021

Objectif : Le besoin de disposer d’un système d’information sanitaire efficient et fiable a motivé le Gabon, avec l’appui de la Banque mondiale, pour qu’il financer un projet visant à renforcer son système d’information sanitaire. En amont, un audit de ce système s’imposait pour rendre compte de la réalité des dispositifs et des outils existants. Méthode : Les informations ont été recueillies sur deux périodes allant respectivement de mai à septembre 2016 et d’avril à mai 2018 pour la seconde en utilisant des approches qualitative et quantitative. Dans ce cadre, ont été réalisés successivement des ateliers participatifs incluant des acteurs de santé au Gabon, une enquête menée auprès de professionnels de santé, une analyse des documents de référence relatifs à la politique de santé nationale et une analyse des forces, faiblesses, opportunités et menaces du système. Résultats : Au total, 171 professionnels de santé de santé ont participé aux différents ateliers, et 770 autres ont été interrogés parmi 150 structures de soins issues des 10 régions sanitaires du pays. Au terme de ce travail, des problèmes organisationnels et techniques ont été relevés au niveau du système d’information sanitaire du Gabon, notamment l’absence de cadre juridique définissant les rôles et responsabilités des différents acteurs du système, une faible pratique de la gestion des données, un système d’information en silo, plusieurs applications informatiques non interopérables et un taux de complétude faible, à 30 %. Parmi les 770 professionnels de santé enquêtés, 539 (70 %) étaient favorables à la mise en place d’un nouveau système d’information. Comme principaux acquis, nous avons noté l’existence d’un parc informatique et une couverture Internet acceptables, 31,5 % des structures de soins étant connectées via le câble. Conclusion : Ce travail apporte des éclaircissements sur le système d’information sanitaire existant et permet de mieux envisager la mise en œuvre du nouveau système.
Mental Health Nurses' Knowledge of Entry-to-Practice Competencies in Psychiatric Care
Authors: Marcogliese Emily DeSchiffart , Vandyk Amanda
Published: January 2021

Background:

Clinicians working in inpatient psychiatry provide health care to some of the most seriously ill and vulnerable patients with mental illness. Continuing education is a mechanism through which practicing nurses maintain and improve clinical knowledge and skills. This project aimed to assess mental health care–related knowledge and learning needs of nurses working in psychiatry.

Method:

This cross-sectional survey study used total population sampling.

Results:

Nurses were the most knowledgeable about direct patient care and felt the least knowledgeable about engaging in service to the public. Participants desired further learning about violent situations.

Conclusion:

Our results provide insight into the learning needs of nurses working in psychiatry and shed light on areas requiring further investigation into how to best support the competence of nurses working in psychiatry.[J Contin Educ Nurs.2019;50(7):325–330.]
Frontiers of Quantum Black Holes
Authors: KIM Wontae , PARK Mu-In
Published: January 2021

A black hole is a theoretical prediction of Einstein’s general theory of relativity, differently from Newtonian gravity, which is a non-relativistic gravity. In recent few years, its direct detection via gravitational waves and other multi-messenger observations have made it possible to test the prediction and hence its associated general relativity. From purely theoretical points of view, general relativity cannot be a complete description due to its not being compatible with quantum mechanics, which is a successful description of microscopic objects. In this article, we introduce the conceptional development of quantum-gravity theories and give brief sketches of fundamental problems in quantum black holes. As an interesting model of quantum black holes, we consider a collapsing shell of matter to form a Hayward black hole and investigate semiclassically quantum radiation from the shell. By using the Israel’s formulation and the functional Schrödinger formulation for massless quantum radiation, we find that the Hawking temperature can be deduced from the occupation number of excited states when the shell approaches its own horizon.
Evaluation of the AHDriFT Camera Trap System to Survey for Small Mammals and Herpetofauna
Authors: Amber Evan D. , Lipps Gregory J. , Peterman William E.
Published: January 2021

Traditional surveys for small mammals and herpetofauna require intensive field effort because these taxa are often difficult to detect. Dynamic environmental conditions and dense vegetative cover, both of which are attributes of biodiverse wet meadow ecosystems, further hamper field surveys. Camera traps may be a solution, but commonly used passive infrared game cameras face difficulties photographing herpetofauna and small mammals. The adapted-Hunt drift fence technique (AHDriFT) is a camera trap and drift fence system designed to overcome traditional limitations, but has not been extensively evaluated. We deployed 15 Y-shaped AHDriFT arrays (three cameras per array) in northern Ohio wet meadows from March 10 to October 5, 2019. Equipment for each array cost approximately US$1,570. Construction and deployment of each array took approximately 3 h, with field servicing requiring 15 min per array. Arrays proved durable under wind, ice, snow, flooding, and heat. Processing 2 wk of images of 45 cameras averaged about 13 person-hours. We obtained 9,018 unique-capture events of 41 vertebrate species comprised of 5 amphibians, 13 reptiles (11 snakes), 16 mammals, and 7 birds. We imaged differing animal size classes ranging from invertebrates to weasels. We assessed detection efficacy by using expected biodiversity baselines. We determined snake communities from 3 y of traditional surveys and possible small mammal and amphibian biodiversity from prior observations and species ranges and habitat requirements. We cumulatively detected all amphibians and 92% of snakes and small mammals that we expected to be present. We also imaged four mammal and two snake species where they were not previously observed. However, capture consistency was variable by taxa and species, and low-mobility species or species in low densities may not be detected. In its current design, AHDriFT proved to be effective for terrestrial vertebrate biodiversity surveying.