bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Mixed-Lineage Kinase Inhibitor URMC-099 Protects Hippocampal Synapses in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Authors: Bellizzi Matthew J. , Hammond Jennetta W. , Li Herman , Gantz Marker Mary A. , Marker Daniel F. , Freeman Robert S. , Gelbard Harris A.
Published: November 2018

Treatments to stop gray matter degeneration are needed to prevent progressive disability in multiple sclerosis (MS). We tested whether inhibiting mixed-lineage kinases (MLKs), which can drive inflammatory microglial activation and neuronal degeneration, could protect hippocampal synapses in C57BL/6 mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a disease model that recapitulates the excitatory synaptic injury that occurs widely within the gray matter in MS. URMC-099, a broad spectrum MLK inhibitor with additional activity against leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) and other kinases, prevented loss of PSD95-positive postsynaptic structures, shifted activated microglia toward a less inflammatory phenotype, and reversed deficits in hippocampal-dependent contextual fear conditioning in EAE mice when administered after the onset of motor symptoms. A narrow spectrum inhibitor designed to be highly selective for MLK3 failed to protect synapses in EAE hippocampi, and could not rescue cultured neurons from trophic deprivation in anin vitromodel of MLK-driven neuronal degeneration. These results suggest that URMC-099 may have potential as a neuroprotective treatment in MS and demonstrate that a broad spectrum of inhibition against a combination of MLK and other kinases is more effective in neuroinflammatory disease than selectively targeting a single kinase.
MDMA Increases Cooperation and Recruitment of Social Brain Areas When Playing Trustworthy Players in an Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma
Authors: Gabay Anthony S. , Kempton Matthew J. , Gilleen James , Mehta Mitul A.
Published: November 2018

Social decision-making is fundamental for successful functioning and can be affected in psychiatric illness and by serotoninergic modulation. The Prisoner's Dilemma is the archetypal paradigm to model cooperation and trust. However, the effect of serotonergic enhancement is poorly characterized, and its influence on the effect of variations in opponent behavior unknown. To address this, we conducted a study investigating how the serotonergic enhancer 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA) modulates behavior and its neural correlates during an iterated Prisoner's Dilemma with both trustworthy and untrustworthy opponents. We administered 100 mg MDMA or placebo to 20 male participants in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. While being scanned, participants played repeated rounds with opponents who differed in levels of cooperation. On each round, participants chose to compete or cooperate and were asked to rate their trust in the other player. Cooperation with trustworthy, but not untrustworthy, opponents was enhanced following MDMA but not placebo (respectively: odds ratio = 2.01; 95% CI, 1.42–2.84,p< 0.001; odds ratio = 1.37; 95% CI, 0.78–2.30, not significant). Specifically, MDMA enhanced recovery from, but not the impact of, breaches in cooperation. During trial outcome, MDMA increased activation of four clusters incorporating precentral and supramarginal gyri, superior temporal cortex, central operculum/posterior insula, and supplementary motor area. There was a treatment × opponent interaction in right anterior insula and dorsal caudate. Trust ratings did not change across treatment sessions. MDMA increased cooperative behavior when playing trustworthy opponents. Underlying this was a change in brain activity of regions linked to social cognition. Our findings highlight the context-specific nature of MDMA's effect on social decision-making.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe provide a detailed analysis of the effect of 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA) on cooperative behavior during interpersonal interactions, as well as the neural correlates underlying these effects. We find that, following administration of MDMA, participants behave more cooperatively, but only when interacting with trustworthy partners. While breaches of trustworthy behavior have a similar impact following administration of MDMA compared with placebo, MDMA facilitates a greater recovery from these breaches of trust. Underlying this altered behavior are changes in brain activity during the viewing of opponents' behavior in regions whose involvement in social processing is well established. This work provides new insights into the impact of MDMA on social interactions, emphasizing the important role of the behavior of others toward us.
“Reading-In”
Authors: Davis Whitney
Published: November 2018

The German-American anthropologist Franz Boas (1858–1942) was one of the most protean and influential anthropologists of the twentieth century. In part based on his book Primitive Art (1927), this essay considers his theory of the beholder’s share in constructing the significance of visual form and in interpreting its meaning. Boas’s analysis of what he called “contradictions” between his indigenous informants’ exegeses of form lay at the heart of his conclusion that individual agents “read-in” to form some of the most crucial aspects of social experience that are most salient and specific to them. “Reading-in,” I argue, is the verbal speaking of visual “seeing-as,” and it infuses visual form with the diversity and particularity of a speaker’s grammatical choices undertaken within their natural human language(s). This model might now seem self-evident. At the time, however, it opened up the possibility of an “anthropology” of art and, to an extent as yet unrealized, the possibilities of its sociology and history. The essay evaluates Boas’s model in relation to other well-known accounts of the beholder’s share in art history, philosophy, and elsewhere and concludes with a discussion of the uptake of his idea in the “structuralism” of Roman Jakobson and Claude Lévi-Strauss.
Prediction of Subgenome Additive and Interaction Effects in Allohexaploid Wheat
Authors: Santantonio Nicholas , Jannink Jean-Luc , Sorrells Mark
Published: November 2018

Whole genome duplications have played an important role in the evolution of angiosperms. These events often occur through hybridization between closely related species, resulting in an allopolyploid with multiple subgenomes. With the availability of affordable genotyping and a reference genome to locate markers, breeders of allopolyploids now have the opportunity to manipulate subgenomes independently. This also presents a unique opportunity to investigate epistatic interactions between homeologous orthologs across subgenomes. We present a statistical framework for partitioning genetic variance to the subgenomes of an allopolyploid, predicting breeding values for each subgenome, and determining the importance of inter-genomic epistasis. We demonstrate using an allohexaploid wheat breeding population evaluated in Ithaca, NY and an important wheat dataset from CIMMYT previously shown to demonstrate non-additive genetic variance. Subgenome covariance matrices were constructed and used to calculate subgenome interaction covariance matrices for variance component estimation and genomic prediction. We propose a method to extract population structure from all subgenomes at once before covariances are calculated to reduce collinearity between subgenome estimates. Variance parameter estimation was shown to be reliable for additive subgenome effects, but was less reliable for subgenome interaction components. Predictive ability was equivalent to current genomic prediction methods. Including only inter-genomic interactions resulted in the same increase in accuracy as modeling all pairwise marker interactions. Thus, we provide a new tool for breeders of allopolyploid crops to characterize the genetic architecture of existing populations, determine breeding goals, and develop new strategies for selection of additive effects and fixation of inter-genomic epistasis.
Utilización de la escala Wong-Baker por parte de enfermería para la evaluación del dolor en niños y niñas en edad escolar sometidos a cirugía ortopédica
Authors: Zumbado Moreira Katherine
Published: November 2018

Para la práctica de enfermería en los salones de cirugía, la valoración del dolor en los infantes es esencial para brindar una atención de calidad que satisfaga las necesidades tanto del infante como del familiar que se enfrenta a una situación ajena a su realidad cotidiana, en la que no todos tienen las herramientas necesarias para enfrentar dicho proceso. Este protocolo tiene como objetivo comparar la efectividad en el uso de la escala del dolor de Wong-Baker con la valoración subjetiva que realiza enfermería para el manejo adecuado del dolor postquirúrgico en niños y niñas en edad escolar sometidos a cirugía ortopédica. El diseño esta basado en los pasos de la práctica clínica basada en la evidencia, mediante la revisión de la mejor evidencia disponible de bases de datos como Pubmed, MedlinePlus, Joanna Briggs Institute y Cochrane, en los últimos 10 años.
Prevalência da síndrome de Burnout entre professores da Escola Estadual em Niterói, Brasil
Authors: Lima da Silva Jorge Luiz , Pereira Letícia Cardoso de Lacerda , Santos Mariana Pereira , Bortolazzo Pedro Antonio Alves Bezerra , Rabelo Thalia Gomes da Silva , Machado Emanoele Amaral
Published: November 2018

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a prevalência da Síndrome de Burnout entre os professores da Escola Estadual em Niterói, Brasil. É um estudo quantitativo e descritivo, com informações de uma pesquisa realizada com professores. O questionário utilizado consistiu em questões fechadas que abordavam as características sociodemográficas e as características de trabalho dos sujeitos da pesquisa e o Inventário Maslach Burnout. A suspeita de prevalência de síndrome de burnout de acordo com os critérios de Grunfeld foi de 33 casos (63,5%). A prevalência significativa desta síndrome entre os professores gera alerta sobre as condições de trabalho e a saúde mental desses profissionais. Conclui-se que, a partir dos dados analisados, observou-se que a profissão não possui intervenções para melhorar a qualidade de vida dos professores em seus trabalhos.
Estilo de vida e bem-estar de estudantes da área da saúde
Authors: Isabely Isabely Ribeiro , Renata Renata Silveira , Graziela Graziela Teixeira
Published: November 2018

O objetivo deste estudo foi Identificar o estilo de vida e bem-estar de estudantes de graduação em instituição de ensino pública. É um estudo transversal realizado com 70 estudantes de cursos da saúde de uma instituição de ensino superior pública localizada no estado de Minas Gerais, pertencente a região sudeste do Brasil. Utilizou-se um questionário com questões referentes a caracterização do perfil sócio demográfico e estudantil. Para avaliar o bem-estar, foram utilizadas Escala de Faces de Andrews, Índice de Bem-estar WHO-5 e para avaliar o Estilo de Vida utilizou-se o questionário Estilo de Vida Fantástico. Se obteve o que é 51,3% tiveram estilo de vida classificado como “bom”. Nenhum dos entrevistados apresentou estilo de vida “Excelente” e “Necessitava melhorar”. Na escala de faces 54,3% tiveram bem-estar mediano. E na escala de bem-estar 40,6% apresentaram baixo humor. Se conclude que é um estilo de vida saudável e um bem-estar satisfatório contribuem para que os graduandos não se tornem futuros trabalhadores acometidos por algum tipo de alteração em sua saúde.
Vivencias de madres con niños internos con diagnóstico de cáncer
Authors: Santos Amanda Figueiredo dos , Guedes Maiane De Sousa , Tavares Rhayara Cavalcante , Silva Jéssika Mariana Brandão da , Brandão Neto Waldemar , Santana Jocastra Bispo de , Monteiro Estela Maria Leite Meirelles
Published: November 2018

A vida de uma mãe sofre mudanças significativas depois que seu filho / filha é diagnosticado com câncer. O objetivo do estudo é apreender as experiências das mães que acompanham seus filhos no tratamento do câncer. Estudo qualitativo desenvolvido com oito mães que acompanham as crianças em uma casa de apoio, na cidade de Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de uma entrevista semi-estruturada no período de junho a julho de 2014. Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se o método de interpretação dos significados, com base na perspectiva hermenêutica-dialética. Para lidar com o longo dia de tratamento, muitas mães precisam sair do trabalho e / ou estudar, competir por repercussões sobre as condições financeiras, bem como exigências de apoio emocional da família. O estudo revelou as singularidades da experiência das mães de crianças com câncer, com relatos de sentimentos de medo, incertezas, angústia, solidão e sofrimento e formas de enfrentar a situação para proteger a dedicação e o cuidado que a criança exige. . Conclui-se que, em vista do esgotamento físico e mental experimentado pelas mães, este estudo revela a necessidade de profissionais de saúde, sendo sensível às necessidades de suporte emocional, além de desenvolver competências emocionais para um atendimento integral da criança e da família, ligado a uma rede de apoio socio-afetivo, constituindo mecanismos de confronto para as mães.
Saúde bucal de usuários de drogas institucionalizados
Authors: Ferreira Warli De Brito , Assis Wagner Couto , Teixeira Weltonberg Dias , Oliveira Marina Ferraz Neves , Nunes Lorena Andrade , Casotti Cezar Augusto
Published: November 2018

O uso de drogas traz diversos malefícios para a saúde bucal, aumentando a prevalência das doenças cárie dentária e periodontal, representando um sério problema de saúde pública. Este estudo objetivou avaliar a prevalência das doenças cárie dentária e periodontal em usuários de drogas institucionalizados. Estudo epidemiológico, transversal, censitário e analítico realizado com usuários de drogas institucionalizados no período de agosto de 2016 a junho de 2017. Examinadores padronizados aplicaram um formulário para coleta de dados sociodemográficos e consumo de drogas. A cárie dentária foi avaliada através do índice CPO-D e a doença periodontal através dos indicadores clínicos: sangramento à sondagem, índice de placa, índice gengival, profundidade de sondagem e nível de inserção clínica. Foram avaliados 112 indivíduos do sexo masculino, média de idade de 36,7 anos (Dp±11,5). A droga mais consumida foi o álcool (92,0 %) por cerca de 19,4 anos (Dp±11.08), seguido do tabaco (70,95%) em média por 18,0 anos (Dp±11,66), maconha (65,2%) por 13,7 anos (Dp±8,22), cocaína (53,3%) por 8,5 anos (Dp±6,00) e crack (50,0%) por 11,1 anos (Dp±7,18). Conclui-se que a prevalência da doença de cárie foi 97,3% e da doença periodontal 51,5%. A população estudada apresentou alta prevalência de cárie dentária e doença periodontal e houve correlação entre o tempo de uso do álcool e tabaco com a doença periodontal e com maior CPO-D.
Situação vacinal em crianças da educação infantil contra o Rotavírus Humano
Authors: Wesp Luiza Helena Dos Santos , Santos Paula Fernanda Brandão Batista dos , Bispo Willyana Freire , Medeiros Eliabe Rodrigues de , Quental Líbna Laquis Capistrano
Published: November 2018

Objetiva-se analisar a situação vacinal da Vacina Oral do Rotavírus Humano em crianças da educação infantil. Utilizou-se o método de estudo epidemiológico, descritivo, retrospectivo e de abordagem quantitativa realizado a partir de informações coletadas em 1 434 cópias de cartões de vacinas de crianças matriculadas em Centros Municipais de Educação Infantil de Natal/RN. Os dados foram coletados de março e dezembro de 2015 por meio de lista de verificação. Os resultados expressam que 78,4% dos cartões analisados foram classificados como esquema vacinal completo quando possuíam duas doses da vacina e 11,9% apresentaram esquema vacinal incompleto, quando possuíam apenas uma dose e outros 9,7% classificados como não vacinado quando não apresentaram registro desta vacina. Conclui-se que houve aumento no número de doses administradas nos últimos anos. No entanto observou-se um número maior de crianças não imunizadas em faixa-etária maiores.
Working Mothers and Child Rearing Practice as a Factor to Juvenile Delinquency among Primary School Pupils in Borno State, Nigeria
Authors: Adamu Dr. Naomi N.
Published: November 2018

This study investigated work status of mothers as a factor of child delinquency among primary school pupils in Borno State, Nigeria. The study determined the differences of mothers work status and the nature of delinquencies associated with children of working and non-working group of mothers. The populations of the study were all mothers of delinquent pupils in primary schools in Borno State and their delinquent children. Data was collected from eight hundred mothers of work and non working status and the teachers of their delinquent children for the study. Stratified and purposive sampling was used to select the sample. Two types of self-made instrument: 55 items questionnaire and 26 items child delinquent rating scale with Alfa reliability index of 0.89 and 0.93 were used to collect data for the study. Data generated were analyzed by the use of descriptive statistic (simple percentage, mean and standard deviation) and standard step-wise multiple regression at alpha level of p< 0.05. Result indicated that there were differences in work status of mothers of delinquent pupils and nature of delinquency associated with children of mothers within work status groups. It is also observed that there is significant relationship between work status of a child rearing mothers and juvenile delinquency.  It is recommended that strategies for reality counselling approach should be used for both working and non-working mothers on how to help their delinquent children. Government should also come up with concrete policy on how to care for children and working mothers by enforcing the policy of day care programme in places of work to solve numerous problems associated with where working mothers keep their children while working. This will also improve and enhance mother-child bonding.
Severe Case of Osteonecrosis Following Implant Placement in a Patient in Therapy With Bisphosphonates: A Case Report
Authors: Storelli Stefano , Palandrani Giulia , Dondi Cristian , Tagliatesta Luigi , Rossi Alessandro
Published: November 2018

Osteonecrosis of the jaw is a rare complication that has been associated with the use of bisphosphonates. A 77-year-old patient presented in April 2013 asking for a consultation. She reported that in May 2009, she underwent an implant rehabilitation with 8 implants and an immediately loaded fixed prosthesis in the maxilla. After a few months the patient started to report pain and purulent secretions that were neglected by the clinician for several years. She decided to refer to the Dental Clinic after another acute pain episode. Once the fixed prosthesis was removed, exposed necrotic bone was found in relation to the implants. The patient reported having taken oral alendronic acid to treat osteoporosis since before 2006. The patient underwent a functional endoscopic sinus surgery and a removal of necrotic bone blocks. Three years of follow-up showed healed tissues with no recurrence, although the alveolar crest appeared irregular on radiographs.
Chea's Great Kuarao
Authors: Scott Rolf Erik , Hviding Edvard , Tollefsen Trygve
Published: November 2018

The People of Chea Village live in the Marovo Lagoon situated in the Western Province of the Salomon Islands. 

Annually they would organise communal fishing expeditions they called Kuarao and where all the villages took part. 

Early in the morning and after days of preparation, a large circle of bush vines was laid out in the lagoon waters near the barrier reef.  As people swam with the vines and dragged them along, large numbers of fish were caught by surprise and herded together inside the gradually narrowing circle. Finally, the tightly packed schools of fish were stunned by plant poison and collected in canoes.

The Kuarao has both ritual and practical importance.  It confirms the collective and the social stratification of the village while serving as a powerful linkage between ancestral tradition, customary ownership of the reef, and the surplus production of modern cash. 

The filming in the Marovo Lagoon took place in collaboration with the local communities and the National Museum of Solomon Islands. The intended audience of this film was first of all the people of the Solomon Islands, which influenced its content and structure. This has ensured that the film has had a prolific life. We have subsequently been told that the film is a big hit among many women, as parts of the film present the backstage life of the men who while making the wines used for fishing out in the outer islands of the Lagoon, converse in a "raunchy" manner. 

 Chea's Great Kuarao was the first film distributed to all the high schools of the islands. It was the film shown at the first public film screening in the capital, Honiara, following the end of the ethnic violence (1998-2003). It was later screened numerous times on public television.
Let’s build a waterfall!
Authors: Waage Trond , Førde Anniken
Published: November 2018

“Let’s build a waterfall!” is about the continuous struggle to maintain a rural community. The village Bleik in North Norway seems to stand strong in this struggle; contrary to most fishing villages, Bleik experiences growth. There are waiting lists to get housing lots and children to the local school. With strong traditions of voluntary work, Bleik has numerous local groups, a new sport arena, golf course, community center, local shop, café and pub. Being called Bleik Indians, ‘the savages behind the mountains’, is turned from stigma to pride. This documentary explores the processes of resilience and mobilization. Bleik is characterized by proud traditions of local story telling. Facing new challenges, old stories are reactivated, like the one about being the first village to have a power station; “What do we do in Bleik when we don’t have a waterfall? We build one!” The film tells stories of a vital village with strong traditions of mobilizing, but also of the drama coastal communities are facing. When the harbour is threatened, will they manage to mobilize to maintain the fishing community?
Stable transformation of Nicotiana benthamiana v1
Authors: Ordon Jana , Espenhahn Hannelore , Kretschmer Carola , Stuttmann Johannes
Published: November 2018

Detailed protocol with pictures for the transformation of Nicotiana benthamiana. The same protocol will also work for transformation of Nicotiana tabaccum, but regeneration of transformed plants will take more time.
rev-ChIP v1
Authors: Texari Lorane , Guzman Carlos , Heinz Sven
Published: November 2018

Understanding the precise regulation of transcriptional programs in human health and disease requires the accurate identification and characterization of genomic regulatory networks. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies are powerful, and widely applied tools to map the in vivo genome-wide location of transcription factors (TFs), histone modifications, chromatin accessibility, and nascent transcription that make up these regulatory networks. While chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-seq) is one of the oldest, and most-utilized experimental techniques to study the location and abundance of TFs, experiments still frequently require optimization to reproducibly yield good data with high signal-to-noise ratios due to the massive variability between possible antibody-antigen combinations and commercial reagents. To overcome these obstacles, we systematically carried out well over 500 ChIP-seq experiments designed to test every aspect of typical ChIP-seq experiments and developed rev-ChIP, a novel ChIP-seq method that is optimized for scalability, robustness, low-input, speed, cost efficiency and data quality. We find that rev-ChIP can be scaled to work for cell numbers ranging from millions to under a thousand, and from a single sample to 500 samples a week in a non-automated fashion with minimal hands-on time. Additionally, rev-ChIP has been tested on a variety of sample types ranging from cell lines to sorted primary cells and solid tissues.
ORTHOGONAL REGRESSIONS OF PEA (Pisum L.) VARIETIES
Authors: KOSEV Valentin , VASILEVA Viliana , KUSVURAN Alpaslan
Published: November 2018

The study was conducted in 2014-2016 on the experimental field of the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria. The plant material from the aboveground and root mass of seven forage peas (Pisum L.) genotypes and varieties, i.e. X07P54, X06PWY, NDPO80138-B-2, CA1P, L020140, Wt6803 and Mir was analyzed. The ecological and genetic model for the organization of the quantitative trait and the method of the orthogonal regressions as a method of study and evaluation were applied. The highest and stable yield of fresh root mass was obtained at Wt6803 (12.9 kg ha-1), NDPO80138-B-2 (10.9 kg ha-1) and L020140 (7.24 kg ha-1). X07P54, X06PWY and CA1P were low productive (6.4 to 9.1 kg ha-1) and highly resistant to this signs. Stable green mass yields were Wt6803 (388 kg ha-1) and Mir (376 kg ha-1) ranked respectively with 1 and 2 rank. Plants from Wt6803 and Mir were shown good results on the modules productivity of fresh aboveground and root mass, and from NDPO80138-B-2 by nodule weight and fresh root mass weight per plant. The varieties Wt6803, Mir and L020140 are of interest to the selection due to the successful balance of physiological systems - attraction and adaptability to the weight of the fresh aboveground and root mass. They can be included in hybridization programs to obtain high-yield genotypes for these signs.
Use of medications in children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Siukaeva D. D. , Narkevich I. A. , Timchenko V. N. , Nemyatyh O. D. , Maslova N. A.
Published: November 2018

The aim is to characterize the use of medications in pediatric inpatients with community-acquired pneumonia.

Materials and methods. Medical records of 547 children treated for community-acquired pneumonia in 4 medical organizations in St. Petersburg over 2015-2017 were analyzed.

The results of this retrospective study (N = 547) showed that children aged 1 to 3 years were most vulnerable (31.44%). Along with that, 45.70% of  patients had concomitant diseases; among those, acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract prevailed (32.20%). As for the medications, the category J drugs “Antimicrobials of systemic action” were most commonly used (30.30%) and contributed the largest part in the total drug costs (80.22%). Specifically, the greatest contribution was made by the J01D group «Beta-lactam antibacterial drugs, other» (64.54%); their cost took 77.22% of the expenses and covered 48.97% of the drug list.
What is the role of antineoplastic drug safety in reimbursement decision making?
Authors: Kolbin A. S. , Kurylev A. A.
Published: November 2018

Rationale. From 2014 to 2017, the portion of antineoplastic drugs dossiers submitted to reimbursement in Russia has grown from 15% to 28%. This group of drugs is characterized by severe adverse events (Aes). The question whether drug safety is taken into consideration by decision makers is still open.

Aim: To evaluate the role of drug safety in making the decision on reimbursement.

Materials and methods. The data were taken from the reports of expert committees concerning the dossiers submitted between 2014 and 2016. The year of submission, the international drug name, the total safety score and the final decision of the committee were entered into our database. Parametric and non-parametric statistics were used to calculate the difference between the mean safety scores plotted by years and by inclusion/noninclusion into VeD lists.

Results. The mean safety score for all drugs of this group was -4,67 (95% CI from -5,04 to -4,29); for the drugs included into VeD lists it was -4,05 (95% CI from -4,68 to -3,42), that was significantly higher (p = 0,01) compared to the non-included medications (-5,03; 95% CI from -5,49 to -4,58). The mean safety scores year-by-year for the non-included drugs were lower than those for the VeD-included drugs, but the difference reached significance only in 2015 (p = 0,01). The safety scores were mainly based on Aes of type A.

Conclusion. our analysis shows that the drug safety data play a role in the decision making on reimbursement and inclusion/noninclusion into VeD lists. Yet the total safety score contributes much less than other criteria in the decision making process. The safety analysis is usually based on Aes of type A, whereas the data on Aes of types C and D are insufficient.
Economic barriers restraining the production of therapeutic recombinant human trypsin. Use of innovative technologies to overcome them
Authors: Ponomarenko S. V.
Published: November 2018

The aim of this review is to analyze reasons for the high cost of recombinant human trypsin, technological and economic obstacles limiting trypsin production and implementation, as well as practical means to solve these problems.

Materials and methods. The properties of human trypsin, the recombinant technology for its production, the marketing aspects and the prospective of enzyme therapy are addressed in this review that contains 44 references in Russian and english. Particular attention is paid to the methods that can boost the production of recombinant trypsin.

Results. Trypsin purified from the mammalian pancreas has been used for over 80 years in the enzyme therapy in various diseases. Genetically engineered human trypsin is proposed to be an innovative, safe and effective therapeutic protease. However the medical use of recombinant trypsin is slowed by its very high price and insufficient production. There is a need for novel biopharmaceutical technologies, as well optimized up-stream and down-stream processes to increase the yield of active recombinant trypsin and significantly reduce the production costs. Recombinant human trypsin that is priced similar to its animal analogues is preferable in all types of enzyme therapy.

Conclusion. Innovative biopharmaceutical technologies are expected to significantly reduce the production costs of recombinant human trypsin and stimulate its wider use in enzyme therapy and also in production of other therapeutic proteins.
Etiologies of neonatal seizures in infants of different gestational age
Authors: Zavadenko A. N. , Medvedev M. I. , Degtyareva M. G. , Rogatkin S. O. , Zavadenko N. N.
Published: November 2018

Aim:To determine main etiologies and clinical features of neonatal seizures (NS) in groups of newborns of different gestational age (GA).

Materials and Methods. Main etiologies of NS were evaluated in 165 newborns divided into four groups: I – 84 early preterm newborns with GA of 28 weeks or less, II – 52 newborns with 29-32 weeks GA, III – 12 newborns with 33-36 weeks GA, and IV – 17 term infants with GA between 37 and 41 wks.

Results. In the above 165 infants, the following causes of NS were found: perinatal hypoxia-ischemia – 72.1% of cases, grade III-IV intracranial hemorrhage – 6.1%, congenital infections in 9.7%, CNS infections (bacterial meningitis and viral meningoencephalitis) – 9.7%, сerebral dysgenesis – 1.2%, and inborn errors of metabolism and neurodegenerative diseases accounted for 1.2%. Intracranial hemorrhage (grade III-IV) was detected in newborns with GA less than 32 wks only. The etiological role of CNS infections was higher in term newborns (23.5%) than in the other groups.

Conclusion.In examining newborns with NS, genetic mechanisms should be taken into consideration, especially when no indications of early brain damage are apparent. This approach is important today as targeted therapies of gene-associated epileptic syndromes are becoming feasible. In the present article, the use of levetiracetam in infants with NS and early onset epilepsy is discussed.
Treatment of patients with prolonged course of medial temporal epilepsy
Authors: Kitaeva V. E. , Kotov A. S.
Published: November 2018

Objective.The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of treatment in patients with prolonged duration of medial temporal epilepsy (MTE).

Materials and methods. We studied cases of 93 patients with history of MTE lasted more than 10 years.

Results.This form of epilepsy is often characterized by drug resistance; therefore, patients have to try different medications before the effective one is found (in 12% of cases, patients tried 5-7 different medicines). Nevertheless, in 48.4% of patients, pharmacotherapy is ineffective. According to our findings, patients with an early MTE debut and those with an epileptogenic focus (by EEG / MRI data) in the medial temporal zone are most likely to have treatment-resistant epilepsy.

Conclusion.If the therapy is ineffective, patients should be referred to preoperational examination.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE COMUNICAÇÃO DAS SECRETARIAS MUNICIPAIS DE SAÚDE: DESAFIOS PARA AS REDES DE ATENÇÃO À SAÚDE
Authors: Velho Ana Paula Machado , Vermelho Sonia Cristina Soares Dias , Lucena Tiago Franklin Rodrigues , Bortolozzi Flávio , Bennemann Rose Mari
Published: November 2018

Descrever as estratégias de comunicação em saúde dos 19 municípios paranaenses. Levantamento das Redes de Atenção Saúde da região e análise de conteúdo com entrevistas com os secretários de saúde. As ações de comunicação são do tipo circunstancial informativa e não têm foco educativo. Os municípios pequenos atuam mais com ações de comunicação direta (rádio e carros de som). Foi visto que as redes estão alicerçadas de forma frágil e apesar dos programas de promoção, campanhas, ainda não há um processo que empreenda medidas capazes de levar ao cidadão informação para que ele assuma a corresponsabilidade na construção e condução do SUS.
PREVALÊNCIA DO ALEITAMENTO MATERNO EXCLUSIVO E SEUS FATORES DE RISCO
Authors: Silva Leylla Lays Alves e , Cirino Ingred Pereira , Santos Marcela de Sousa , Oliveira Edina Araújo Rodrigues , Sousa Artemizia Francisca de , Lima Luisa Helena de Oliveira
Published: November 2018

Investigar a prevalência do aleitamento materno exclusivo ao nascer e seus fatores de risco. A população foi composta por todas as crianças nascidas vivas e suas respectivas mães no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2015, no alojamento conjunto de um hospital público do Piauí, totalizando 546 nascidos vivos. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética com parecer 1.144.279. Das mães pesquisadas, 97,6% realizaram pré-natal, destas 67% receberam orientações sobre aleitamento materno. A prevalência de aleitamento materno exclusivo e aleitamento materno foi de 92,7 e 2,9%, respectivamente. Constatou-se que 20,7% das crianças faziam uso de chupeta e 4,4% de mamadeira. Faz-se necessário realizar intervenções de prevenção dos fatores de risco e desmame precoce por meio de atividades educativas que orientem mães e familiares envolvidos na amamentação.
AVALIAÇÃO DA INGESTÃO DE VITAMINA D E CÁLCIO EM INDIVÍDUOS PRÉ-DIABÉTICOS E SUA RELAÇÃO COM A ESTABILIDADE GENÔMICA
Authors: Santos Caroline dos , Molz Patrícia , Pereira Camila Schreiner , Franke Silvia Isabel Rech
Published: November 2018

Avaliar a ingestão de vitamina D e cálcio em indivíduos pré-diabéticos e verificar sua relação com a estabilidade genômica. Estudo transversal, com 51 indivíduos pré-diabéticos. A ingestão de vitamina D e cálcio foi determinada no programa DietWin® e a avaliação da prevalência de inadequação dos nutrientes foi classificada de acordo com as recomendações das Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). O ensaio de citoma de micronúcleos com bloqueio de citocinese (CBMN) e o ensaio cometa foram utilizados para avaliar a estabilidade genômica. A prevalência de inadequação de vitamina D e cálcio foi de 94,1% e 86,3%, respectivamente. O consumo de vitamina D associou-se à ingestão de cálcio (r=0,66 e p
ATIVIDADE EDUCATIVA PARA A PROMOÇÃO DO CUIDADO COM O RECÉM-NASCIDO
Authors: Ribeiro Suianny Christina Soares Santos , Rocha Rebeca Silveira , Jacob Lia Maristela da Silva , Jorge Herla Maria Furtado , Mafetoni Reginaldo Roque , Pimenta Cláudia Jeane Lopes
Published: November 2018

O presente estudo buscou avaliar a influência de uma atividade educativa para a promoção do cuidado com o recém-nascido. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo e quantitativo, realizado no Alojamento Conjunto de uma maternidade em Mombaça-CE, com 61 puérperas. Para coleta de dados, utilizaram-se da observação informal e de um questionário adaptado, em que foram registrados as informações pessoais e os dados sobre os cuidados com o recém-nascido e aleitamento materno pré e pós-atividade educativa, para avaliar as principais dificuldades das puérperas. Uma parte relevante das mulheres apresentava conhecimentos errôneos sobre os cuidados com o recém-nascido e sobre o aleitamento materno. A realização da atividade educativa proporcionou a orientação adequada das mulheres e o esclarecimento de dúvidas existentes. Assim, torna-se necessária a prática constante de educação em saúde às gestantes e puérperas, tanto na assistência pré-natal como na Unidade de Alojamento Conjunto, associado à distribuição de material educativo de fácil compreensão.
A TOPOGRAFIA DA AUDIÇÃO DE VOZES: UMA POSSIBILIDADE DE INTERPRETAÇÃO DA LINGUAGEM DA SUBJETIVIDADE
Authors: Fernandes Henrique Campagnollo Dávila , Zanello Valeska
Published: November 2018

A topografia das alucinações consiste na exploração de suas características. Este estudo objetivou analisar variáveis topográficas de vozes alucinatórias de frequentadores de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial. Para isso, dez pessoas foram entrevistadas e tiveram seus relatos analisados pela Análise de Conteúdo. As variáveis encontradas foram: “intensidade”, “frequência”, “quantidade”, “conteúdo”, “identidade”, “gênero”, “forma como se apresentam”, “valência emocional”, e “nível de influência”. As vozes chegam a ser tão intensas que provocam estados dissociativos. As variáveis “frequência” e “quantidade” foram heterogêneas, e podem estar relacionadas à trajetória biográfica. O conteúdo diz respeito a questões estruturantes da vida dos entrevistados e que causam muitos conflitos. Cinco participantes afirmaram que as vozes eram de pessoas conhecidas, e sete conseguiam diferenciar o gênero. As vozes de comando foram as mais frequentes, e levaram alguns deles à tentativas de suicídio. Concluiu-se que a exploração das variáveis topográficas das vozes pode auxiliar a compreensão do fenômeno.
The Challenge of Distinguishing POEMS from Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy—Importance of Early Recognition and Diagnosis of POEMS
Authors: Chow Frances ,   Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, US, Darki Leila ,   Neuromuscular Division, Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, US., Beydoun Said R ,   Neuromuscular Division, Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, US.
Published: November 2018

POEMS is a rare syndrome characterized by the unique constellation of polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-proteins, and skin changes. Correct diagnosis is often delayed in early stages of the syndrome when patients exhibit only isolated polyneuropathy due to the clinical and electrodiagnostic similarities with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. We describe a case in which early suspicion for POEMS uncovered underlying malignancy, and we review the clinical, electrophysiological, pathological, and laboratory findings characteristic of POEMS. The importance of high clinical suspicion is key in the proper diagnosis and management of this complex syndrome.
Benefits and Success of an Interdisciplinary Wellness Interest Group (iWIG) at a Modern Jesuit University
Authors: Bartos Susan , Gordon Mackenzie , Andersen Catherine J. , Hunter Kara
Published: November 2018

Aim: To highlight the early achievements and discuss the benefits of forming an Interdisciplinary Wellness Interest Group (iWIG) on a modern Jesuit University campus.Background: While wellness programs have a place in academic communities, universal perspectives on the best way to lead Wellness initiatives is lacking. An iWIG gives a common platform to share ideas, communicate across audiences, and provide important information to the campus community about health promotion and health patterns of the campus community.Methods: After assembling the iWIG team, on-campus meetings were held with members of the interdisciplinary group. These meetings include faculty, staff, and students from various departments. The iWIG continues to meet regularly to expand and develop wellness initiatives, research opportunities and to ensure a presence on campus.Results: The iWIG has impacted many initiatives on campus, a select few which are profiled in this manuscript. The group is involved in funded research studies, has received a "Healthy Workplace" designation, and continues to expand health and wellness into various departments on campus.Conclusions: The interdisciplinary group has provided those with an interest in health and wellness with a formal platform to express ideas and implement initiatives for all individuals to better the overall well-being of the university community.
Board of Directors
Authors: BHAC Journal Building Healthy Academic Communities
Published: November 2018

No abstract available.
Editorial Advisory Board
Authors: BHAC Journal Building Healthy Academic Communities
Published: November 2018

No abstract available.
President's Message
Authors: Amaya Megan
Published: November 2018

No abstract available.
Image Versus Text in PowerPoint Lectures: Who Does It Benefit?
Authors: Barrick Andrea , Davis Dana , Winkler Dana
Published: November 2018

Microsoft PowerPoint has become routine in higher education lectures, yet there is very little research on the effectiveness of text in slides, which is primarily what is used. The current study assessed student satisfaction with images versus text slides in PowerPoint lectures across several classes of one professor in the social work department at a large public university. The survey was sent to 123 BSW students who were instructed by the researcher with PowerPoint lectures that involved primarily images versus text. Seventy-eight students completed the survey for a response rate of 63%. Results indicated that students overwhelmingly reported that images in PowerPoint lectures enhanced their learning. However, further analyses indicated that being African American is negatively associated with enhancing their learning using images. This is important because of the increase in African American students enrolling in college and low institutional retention rates of underrepresented students.
INCLUSÃO DIGITAL INDUZIDA: PROBLEMAS E PROPOSTAS EM UM CONTEXTO ESCOLAR
Authors: De Mendonça Patricia Graziely Antunes , Maciel Cristiano , Alonso Kátia Morosov
Published: November 2018

A inclusão digital induzida, proporcionada pelos governos nas esferas Federal, Estadual e Municipal, por meio de projetos e programas que distribuem equipamentos de informática e Internet às escolas públicas foi o objeto de estudo desta pesquisa. O objetivo foi analisar como se deu a implantação e execução desses programas e projetos em escolas que ofertam Educação Profissional Técnica de Nível Médio em Cuiabá - MT (EMIEP e Proeja). Foram identificadas quatro dimensões que agrupam os principais problemas que ocorrem durante a execução dessas iniciativas nessas escolas, culminando em uma discussão de perspectivas que possibilitariam minimizar tais problemáticas.
EDUCAÇÃO INTEGRAL: EM DEFESA DE UMA CONCEPÇÃO EMANCIPATÓRIA
Authors: Jensen Ruppel da Silva Karen Cristina , Flach Simone de Fátima
Published: November 2018

Sob o materialismo histórico e dialético, problematizamos a relação entre educação integral e a possibilidade de emancipação humana no contexto do capitalismo. Para tanto, analisamos alguns conceitos amplamente difundidos e que se relacionam com o conceito de educação integral. Objetivando apontar uma possibilidade que se contraponha ao conceito hegemônico de educação integral abordamos o conceito ontológico de educação e sua relação com a emancipação humana. Ao final, indicamos, no limite da sociedade capitalista, a emergência da realização de atividades educativas de caráter emancipador, as quais colaboram na formação omnilateral e no avanço da discussão sobre educação integral.
A trajetória da reconfiguração digital na indústria nacional de música
Authors: Cavalcanti Rodrigo
Published: November 2018

As configurações de produção e consumo são mutantes e orientadas por ações de diversos agentes em busca de seus objetivos mercadológicos. Isto acontece também nas indústrias criativas. O foco desta revisão teórica é traçar um panorama da indústria fonográfica brasileira diante de múltiplas inovações e estratégias que influenciaram o modo de operar de todo o mercado. A discussão se dá em três partes. Na primeira, são mostradas as características dessa indústria no Brasil no fim do século XX. Em um segundo momento, são apresentadas as mudanças advindas de inovações tecnológicas que apontam para uma digitalização do setor. Por fim, evidenciam-se novas formas de operação mercadológica surgidas no início do século XXI.
Educação e ideologia: em busca da crítica emancipatória
Authors: Sardenberg Helenice Pereira , Medeiros Igor Baptista De Oliveira
Published: November 2018

O presente artigo busca discutir o papel da escola, na contemporaneidade, sem perder de vista a ideologia que permeia os processos e práticas no campo da educação. Entende-se que esta ideologia, focada numa perspectiva de mercado, incita a manutenção do status quo de pequena parcela da população, além de inviabilizar a emancipação da maioria, na medida em que exclui para “incluir perversamente”. Neste sentido, discute-se não apenas o capital cultural da elite dominante, mas, também, o processo de socialização, não menos importante no contexto escolar, forjado por uma visão capitalista a priori excludente.
Governance of metropolitan areas for delivery of public services in Latin America
Authors: Trejo Nieto Alejandra Berenice , Niño Amezquita José Luis , Vasquez María Luisa
Published: November 2018

One of the key issues at metropolitan level is the provision of public services and this paper highlights the importance of understanding the governance of public services in the context of increasing urbanization and decentralization. This paper provides a comparative analysis on metropolitan governance in Latin America by analysing specific case studies. The objective is to identify how the governance setting in metropolitan areas shapes the process anthe results of providing public services to wider population. We examine metropolitan governance by employing a 3x3x3 model as a framework for addressing key issues about urban services delivery. Bogota, Lima and Mexico City are the metropolitan areas selected. Secondly, we focus on three sectors: transport, solid waste collection and water. Finally, the analysis focuses in three aspects of governance: coordination, financial sustainability and coverage and quality. The data collection process involved field research in Bogota, Lima and Mexico City.
An Overview of Urbanization in Ecuador under Functional Urban Area Definition
Authors: Alvarez Moises Obaco , Sanchez Juan Pablo Diaz
Published: November 2018

This paper explores the urbanization process under Functional Urban Areas (FUAs) definition considering Ecuador as case of study. Analyzing data from 1950 to 2010, we have identified 28 FUAs that confirm that urbanization has rapidly increased in Ecuador since 1962. Then, a slum index, which is constructed using a United Nations methodology, is applied to approach individuals’ wellbeing at dwelling level into FUAs for the period 1990 - 2010. We find that the greater improvement in terms of quality of dwelling takes place during the period 1990 - 2001 compared to 2001-2010.