bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes in hospital staff’ mental health during the Covid-19 pandemic: longitudinal results from the international COPE-CORONA study
Authors: Lanzara Roberta , Conti Chiara , Rosa Ilenia , Pawłowski Tomasz , Malecka Monika , Rymaszewska Joanna , Porcelli Piero , Stein Barbara , Waller Christiane , Müller Markus M. ,   the Cope-Corona Study Group
Published: April 2023

This longitudinal study aimed to explore anxiety and depressive symptoms, individual resources, and job demands in a multi-country sample of 612 healthcare workers (HCWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Two online surveys were distributed to HCWs in seven countries (Germany, Andorra, Ireland, Spain, Italy, Romania, Iran) during the first (May-October 2020, T1) and the second (February-April 2021, T2) phase of the pandemic, assessing sociodemographic characteristics, contact with COVID-19 patients, anxiety and depressive symptoms, self-compassion, sense of coherence, social support, risk perception, and health and safety at the workplace. HCWs reported a significant increase in depressive and anxiety symptoms. HCWs with high depressive or anxiety symptoms at T1 and T2 reported a history of mental illness and lower self-compassion and sense of coherence over time. Risk perception, self-compassion, sense of coherence, and social support were strong independent predictors of depressive and anxiety symptoms at T2, even after controlling for baseline depressive or anxiety symptoms and sociodemographic variables. These findings pointed out that HCWs during the COVID-19 outbreak experienced a high burden of psychological distress. The mental health and resilience of HCWs should be supported during disease outbreaks by instituting workplace interventions for psychological support.
Application of the WHO Nutrient Profile Model to products on the German market: Implications for proposed new food marketing legislation in Germany
Authors: Holliday Nicole , Leibinger Anna , Huizinga Oliver , Klinger Carmen , Okanmelu Elochukwu , Geffert Karin , Rehfuess Eva , von Philipsborn Peter
Published: April 2023

Background

Exposure to marketing for foods high in sugar, salt, and fat is considered a key risk factor for childhood obesity. To support efforts to limit such marketing, the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe has developed a nutrient profile model (WHO NPM). Germany’s Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture plans to use this model in proposed new legislation on food marketing directed towards children, but the model has not yet been tested on products on the German market. Against this backdrop, the present paper aims to assess the feasibility and implications of implementing the WHO NPM in Germany.

Methods

We applied the WHO NPM to a random sample of 660 food and beverage products across 22 product categories on the German market drawn from Open Food Facts, a publicly available product database. We calculated the share of products permitted for marketing to children based on the WHO NPM’s nutrient and ingredient criteria, both under current market conditions and for several hypothetical reformulation scenarios. We also assessed effects of adaptations to and practical challenges in applying the WHO NPM.

Results

The median share of products permitted for marketing to children across the model’s 22 product categories was 20% (interquartile range (IQR) 3-59%) and increased to 38% (IQR 11-73%) with model adaptations for fruit juice and milk proposed by Germany’s Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture. With targeted reformulation (assuming a 30% reduction in fat, sugar, sodium and/or energy) the share of products permitted for marketing to children increased substantially (defined as a relative increase by at least 50%) in several product categories (including bread, processed meat, yogurt and cream, ready-made and convenience foods, and savoury plant-based foods), but changed less in the remaining categories. Practical challenges in applying the model included the ascertainment of the trans-fatty acid content of products, and the classification of products not required to carry nutrient declarations, such as fresh meats, fish, and similar products.

Discussion

The application of the WHO NPM to a random sample of food and beverage products on the German market was found to be feasible. Its use in the proposed new legislation on food marketing in Germany seems likely to serve its intended public health objective of limiting marketing in a targeted manner specifically for less healthy products. It seems plausible that it may incentivise reformulation in some product categories. Practical challenges in applying the model could be addressed with appropriate adaptations and procedural provisions.
National Estimates for the Percentage of all Readmissions With Demographic Features, Morbidity, Overall and Gender-specific Mortality of Transcutaneous vs Open Surgical Tricuspid Valve Replacement/Repair
Authors: Khan Muhammad Shayan , Baqi Abdul , Ghumman Ghulam Mujtaba , Ullah Waqas , Shah Jay , Sattar Yasar , Mir Tanveer , Sheikh Zain , Tahir Ayesha , Salman Fnu , Baghal Moaaz , Luthra Kritika , Khatri Vinod , Waqar Zainulabedin , Taleb Mohammed , Ali Syed Sohail
Published: April 2023

Aims

To determine national estimates for the percentage of all readmissions with demographic features, length of stay, cost analysis, comorbidities, overall and gender-specific mortality and complications of transcutaneous Tricuspid replacement/repair [TTVR] vs. open surgical tricuspid valve replacement/repair [Open TVR].

Methods

Data was extrapolated from the NRD databases 2015-19. Of the 75,266,750 (unweighted) cases recorded in the 2015 – 2019 dataset, 429 had one or more of the percutaneous approach codes as per the ICD-10 data set, and 10077 had one or more of the open approach codes.

Results

Overall, the number of cases performed each year through open TVR was higher than TTVR, but there was an increased trend towards the TTVR every passing year. TTVR was performed more in females and advanced age groups than open TVR. The length of stay and cost was lower in the TTVR group than in open TVR. Patients undergoing TTVR had more underlying comorbidities like CHF, HTN, and uncomplicated DM. Overall mortality was 3.49 % in TTVR vs. 6.09% in open TVR. Gender-specific analysis demonstrated higher female mortality in the open TVR compared to TTVR (5.45% vs. 3.03 %). Male mortality was statistically insignificant between the two groups (6.8%% vs. 4.3%, p-value 0.15%). Patients with TTVR had lower rates of complications than open TVR, except for arrhythmias, which were higher in TTVR. Patients undergoing open TVR required more intracardiac support, such as IABP and Impella, than TTVR.

Conclusion

Transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement/repair is an emerging alternative to open surgical repair/replacement in patients with tricuspid valve diseases, especially tricuspid regurgitation. Despite having more underlying comorbidities, the TTVR group had lower in- hospital mortality, hospital cost, length of stay, and fewer complications than open TVR.
Epigenetically-regulated RNA-binding proteins signify malaria hypnozoite dormancy
Authors: Toenhake Christa Geeke , Voorberg-van der Wel Annemarie , Wu Haoyu , Kanyal Abhishek , Nieuwenhuis Ivonne Geessina , van der Werff Nicole Maria , Hofman Sam Otto , Zeeman Anne-Marie , Kocken Clemens Hendricus Martinus , Bártfai Richárd
Published: April 2023

Dormancy enables relapsing malaria parasites, such asPlasmodium vivaxandcynomolgi, to survive unfavorable conditions and maximize chances for transmission. It is caused by hypnozoites, parasites remaining quiescent inside hepatocytes before reactivating and establishing blood-stage infection. We integrated various omics approaches to explore gene-regulatory mechanisms underlying hypnozoite formation and reactivation. Genome-wide profiling of epigenetic marks identified a small set of genes that gets epigenetically silenced during hepatic infection of relapsing parasites. Furthermore, by combining single-cell transcriptomics, chromatin accessibility profiling and fluorescentin situRNA hybridization, we show that these genes are exclusively expressed in hypnozoites and their silencing precedes parasite development. Intriguingly, these hypnozoite-specific genes mainly encode proteins with RNA-binding domains. We, hence, propose that repressive RNA-binding proteins keep hypnozoites in a developmentally competent but dormant state and heterochromatin-mediated silencing of the corresponding genes enables hypnozoite reactivation. Further testing of this hypothesis could provide clues for targeted reactivation and killing of these vicious pathogens.
A familial natural short sleep mutation promotes healthy aging and extends lifespan inDrosophila
Authors: Pandey Pritika , Wall P. Kerr , Lopez Stephen R. , Dubuisson Olga S. , Zunica Elizabeth R.M. , Dantas Wagner S. , Kirwan John P. , Axelrod Christopher L. , Johnson Alyssa E.
Published: April 2023

Sleep loss typically imposes negative effects on animal health. However, humans with a rare genetic mutation in thedec2gene (dec2P384R) present an exception; these individuals sleep less without the usual effects associated with sleep deprivation. Thus, it has been suggested that thedec2P384Rmutation activates compensatory mechanisms that allows these individuals to thrive with less sleep. To test this directly, we used aDrosophilamodel to study the effects of thedec2P384Rmutation on animal health. Expression of humandec2P384Rin fly sleep neurons was sufficient to mimic the short sleep phenotype and, remarkably,dec2P384Rmutants lived significantly longer with improved health despite sleeping less. The improved physiological effects were enabled, in part, by enhanced mitochondrial fitness and upregulation of multiple stress response pathways. Moreover, we provide evidence that upregulation of pro-health pathways also contributes to the short sleep phenotype, and this phenomenon may extend to other pro-longevity models.
14-3-3 proteins stabilize actin and vimentin filaments to maintain processes in glomerular podocyte
Authors: Yasuda Hidenori , Fukusumi Yoshiyasu , Zhang Ying , Kawachi Hiroshi
Published: April 2023

Adaptor protein 14-3-3s have isoform-specific binding partners and roles. We reported 14-3-3β interacts with FKBP12 and synaptopodin to maintain the structure of actin fibers in podocytes. However, differential roles of 14-3-3 isoforms in kidneys are unclear. Herein, we showed that 14-3-3β was dominantly co-localized with FKBP12 in foot processes and was partially co-localized with Par3 at slit diaphragm in podocytes. 14-3-3β interacted with Par3, and FKBP12 bound to 14-3-3β competitively with Par3. Although deletion of 14-3-3β enhanced the interaction of Par3-Par6, it altered actin fiber structure and processes. 14-3-3β and synaptopodin were downregulated in podocyte injury models. 14-3-3σ in podocytes interacted with vimentin in primary processes but not with the actin-associated proteins in foot processes. Deletion of 14-3-3σ altered vimentin fiber structure and processes. 14-3-3σ and vimentin were upregulated in the early phase of podocyte injury models but were decreased in the end stage. Together, the precise localization of 14-3-3β at actin cytoskeleton plays a role in maintaining foot processes and Par complex in podocytes. 14-3-3σ at vimentin cytoskeleton is essential for maintaining primary processes.
Online sustainability claims: lessons from high-scoring B corporations in the Canadian food and beverage sector
Authors: Lumby Natalia , Ngwenyama Ojelanki
Published: April 2023

Purpose

Sustainability certifications can support green innovation in important consumer sectors such as food and beverage. This research interrogates how certified companies communicate sustainability claims online and whether these practices differ from non-certified counterparts. The purpose of the study is to understand if certification stands to alter online communication about sustainability.

Design/methodology/approach

A discourse analysis of the websites and social media accounts of three highly-rated Canadian B Corps and three matching non-certified companies inductively identified 5 types of sustainability claims: transparency, brand story, green materials/processes, community engagement and sourcing partnerships. A comparative analysis was used to determine if certification alters corporate sustainability communication practices of firms.

Findings

The findings indicate that sustainability certifications alter external online sustainability communication. Of the 457 sustainability claims coded in the sample, 67.6% are from certified firms. Attaining certification also alters the areas of communication focus, increasing communication about the socially oriented community engagement dimension, which is often underrepresented.

Originality/value

The research contributes to the understanding of sustainability communication among privately held small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which are currently underrepresented in the literature. The unique sampling used in this study considers how communication is altered post-certification as a novel way to understand the impacts of sustainability certifications.
Mycelium as sustainable textile material – review on recent research and future prospective
Authors: Rathinamoorthy R. , Sharmila Bharathi T. , Snehaa M. , Swetha C.
Published: April 2023

Purpose

Mycelium is an upcoming bio-based alternative material that has various applications in different industries. Mycelium materials used as composites, leather, construction materials and some are even available for commercial purposes. However, there was not much research found when it came to the application of mycelium as a textile alternative. The purpose of this paper is to examine the potential of mycelium in the textile industry and its possible applications.

Design/methodology/approach

This review consolidates literature that refers the two major methods used in fungal mycelium production namely; as a composite and as a pure self-grown mycelium sheet. The study compared the current research status in this respective field and reported the scope in the pure mycelium development.

Findings

The results of the review reported that several research works are performed in composite production with different feedstock. The production methods and product development steps were well established for several applications from home utilities to construction materials. Whereas, in the case of self-grown mycelium sheet production only limited research works were found. Though the possibilities of engineered composite sheets are developed with various properties, research on self-grown pure mycelium sheets are at infant stage. Sensitive production methods, lower tensile, tearing, poor handle properties with brittle structure and non-uniformity in thickness are noted as limitations. Sustainable nature, self-grown three-dimensional nano-fibril network with porous structure are found to be advantageous.

Originality/value

The solid culture method was identified as a potential method to develop a sheet-like self-grown mycelium with different dimensions. The review results clearly show the lack of research in the direct application of self-grown pure mycelium area concerning feedstock material, fungal species selection and characterization of the developed product. Addressing the existing limitations will yield a sustainable textile material for fashion and textile industry with great potential.
Intra-organisational sustainable development policy integration processes in higher education through staff networks: a case study from the United Kingdom
Authors: Vargas Valeria Ruiz
Published: April 2023

Purpose

This study aims to better inform environmental management at universities by applying and validating the policy integration processes theory through a case study of Manchester Metropolitan University.

Design/methodology/approach

Social network analyses were used to identify, differentiate and categorise working networks of individuals and departments and the interconnections between them.

Findings

In an organisation, networks can be developed and active at departmental level but not at individual level. High numbers of departments can be doing work related to sustainable development whilst having low and medium levels of interconnections between departments. Influence of stakeholders throughout the network suggests levels of sustainable development policy integration at individual and departmental.

Practical implications

New insights provide evidence for universities’ environmental managers of the need of developing and implementing strategies that involve individuals’ work between departments by providing incentives, supporting capacity building and staff empowerment.

Originality/value

This paper applied and validated the theory of policy integration processes, showing that work at individual level and between departments needs more attention.
Educational leadership for migrant and refugee education: challenges and dilemmas in the Israeli context
Authors: Sarid Ariel , Binhas Adi
Published: April 2023

Purpose

This research explores the perceptions and practice of principals in schools integrating migrant and refugee children into the Israeli formal education system. The aim is to offer theoretical and methodological insights to the discourse on educational leadership.

Design/methodology/approach

This qualitative (phenomenological) study used semi-structured interviews to attain a deeper understanding of the experiences of school principals as culturally relevant educational leaders.

Findings

The study corroborates previous findings regarding: the need for a holistic multidimensional approach; the focus on language and communication; and the complexities and dilemmas involved in the practice of educational leadership. The study analysis revealed three central dilemmas: applying equal-opportunity and cultural diversity policies; schools as protected spaces and serving the social reality beyond the school; and full assimilation and recognition of specific cultural identity.

Research limitations/implications

The research was conducted in a small number of schools and only with principals. A follow-up study could also include teachers, officials and representatives of the various organizations working with the migrants and refugees.

Practical implications

Beyond financial resources, school leaders need professional (culturally responsive) guidance to support the multifaceted and complex needs of students, in part by being adaptable and flexible, and aware of the aims and practice of education for an unknown future.

Originality/value

The originality-value of the present study is threefold: it explores school principals in a relatively unexplored context (the Israeli formal education system); it applies two models for organizing and analyzing research findings; and it contributes new insights on the dilemmatic nature of educational leadership.
Juxtaposing the “shareholder” and “stakeholder” views of corporate governance: a pedagogical structure for classroom discussion
Authors: Callanan Gerard , Tomkowicz Sandra M. , Teague Megan V. , Perri David F.
Published: April 2023

Purpose

This study aims to present a pedagogical approach that allows students to discuss and debate the differences between two competing models of corporate governance – the shareholder primacy philosophy and the stakeholder value viewpoint.

Design/methodology/approach

This study first presents the conceptual bases for each framework, noting that while shareholder primacy is the historically dominant approach to corporate governance that guide strategic business actions in the USA, pressures from investor and societal groups and government agencies have forced publicly traded companies to recognize the need to take stakeholder interests into account in strategic decision-making, as is the dominant model in Europe and other parts of the world. This study then provides a pedagogical structure on how these opposing perspectives can be used to foster discussion, debate and reflection within the classroom.

Findings

This paper presents a pedagogical structure that allows students to recognize the competing pressures that businesses face of maximizing profits versus concerns over social causes. There are a number of positive pedagogical outcomes that can be realized from a classroom discourse on the differing perspectives on strategic management, corporate governance and social responsibility.

Practical implications

This pedagogical structure should help future business leaders throughout the world understand the differences between the two models of corporate governance. This study offers suggestions on how this pedagogical structure can be used in the student assessment process.

Originality/value

This study fills a gap in the literature by providing a pedagogical structure to guide discussion and debate on the competing theories of corporate governance and how organizational decision-makers can devise strategies to manage the potential competing demands that can arise from the shareholder versus stakeholder models. It is highly relevant and well-suited for courses such as Business Law, Business Policy, Business and Society and Ethics.
Training for psychiatric assessments using virtual simulation
Authors: Stewart Claire Jane , Ba Mashmous Aiesha
Published: April 2023

Purpose

The changing clinical landscape in psychiatry, both before and after the pandemic, has impacted students’ direct contact with psychiatric patients. It is imperative, therefore, that medical education keeps pace with evolving clinical pathways to ensure that clinicians are always appropriately trained not just for common presentations but also for low-prevalence, high-risk situations. Simulated-based training is well established. However, it is not without its limitations, many of which could be overcome with the use of virtual simulation. This study aims to analyse the use of virtual simulation within medical education to train clinicians in psychiatric assessments.

Design/methodology/approach

A scoping review was undertaken with a comprehensive literature search of the six most relevant online peer-reviewed databases, including PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane. All published papers in English that discussed simulation in teaching psychiatric assessments were included.

Findings

Virtual patients can be used for educational, diagnostic and therapy purposes attributable to advances in speech-recognition technology. Virtual simulations are well received and positively affect clinicians’ knowledge and skill development. Educational faculties should consider using virtual simulation technologies to improve learning outcomes. Further studies should enhance the fidelity and quality of virtual assessment simulation situations, mainly focusing on the virtual patient’s empathy, gesturing and body language to enable this evidence-based tool to be used effectively and efficiently for the benefit of future patient care.

Originality/value

The changing clinical landscape in psychiatry, both before and after the pandemic, has impacted students’ direct contact with psychiatric patients. This scoping review has reviewed the use of virtual simulation-based education to train clinicians for psychiatric assessments. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this work has not been conducted before.
Is the UK’s anti-money laundering regime “worth the candle”? A tentative cost-benefit analysis
Authors: Sproat Peter Alan
Published: April 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to raise, and consider, first-order questions about the United Kingdom’s anti-money laundering (AML) regime.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper contrasts the original rationale for introducing AML and asset recovery to the UK with data on the assets recovered from organised crime and those involved in drug trafficking. It does this by analysing historical and contemporaneous literature – both official and academic.

Findings

When assessed against its original aims of combating drugs and organised crime, the tentative conclusion is that the UK’s AML system does not appear to be worth the candle.

Research limitations/implications

While based upon publicly available information that is far from ideal, the analysis raises credible questions as to whether the UK’s AML regime is worthwhile and whether it could be done differently.

Practical implications

Raises the question of whether the impact of the AML regime could be made worthwhile by investing a great deal more in those law enforcement agencies that use the suspicious activity reporting regime. It also raises the question as to whether the AML regime could be re-purposed to achieve aims that are different from the original.

Social implications

Given the financial costs, which run into billions of pounds, and the fact that the regime has failed to have a significant impact on the level of drug trafficking or the revenue of organised criminals, the paper raises questions as to when the policy can be re-designed or abandoned.

Originality/value

While most other analytical work simply makes suggestions as to how to improve the number of inputs into the AML system, this paper provides a critical analysis of the costs and benefits of the AML regime in the UK.
Factors impacting Saudi students’ intention to adopt learning management systems using the TPB and UTAUT integrated model
Authors: Al-Mamary Yaser Hasan Salem , Siddiqui Malika Anwar , Abdalraheem Shirien Gaffar , Jazim Fawaz , Abdulrab Mohammed , Rashed Redhwan Qasem , Alquhaif Abdulsalam S. , Aliyu Alhaji Abubakar
Published: April 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that influence the willingness of Saudi Arabian students from four universities in Saudi Arabia, to adopt learning management systems (LMSs). This will be accomplished by using two popular technology acceptance models unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) and theory of planned behavior (TPB).

Design/methodology/approach

In total, 445 undergraduates from four Saudi educational institutions participate in filling out the study questionnaire. To investigate the correlations between the variables, the study used structural equation modeling for data analysis.

Findings

The results of the study show that effort expectancy (EE), subjective norm (SN), attitude toward behavior (ATB) and perceived behavioral control (PBC) are found to be substantially connected with their intentions to use (ITU) LMSs. The findings also show that there is a strong relationship between students’ intentions and their actual use of LMSs.

Research limitations/implications

Like many studies, this research has some limitations. The primary limitation is that the findings of the study cannot be extrapolated to other settings since the report’s analysis and investigation were limited to four Saudi universities. Therefore, to generalize the study’s findings, similar research needs to be conducted in other Gulf and similar cultural universities.

Practical implications

The integrated model identifies key factors that influence the intent of Saudi Arabian students to use LMS, including EEs, social influence, ATB and PBC. This model can help develop solutions for the obstacles that prevent students from using LMS. The findings can be used to provide assistance to increase the likelihood of LMS acceptance as part of the educational experience. The model may also inspire further research on this topic in the Gulf nations, particularly in Saudi Arabia.

Originality/value

As none of the relevant studies conducted previously in Saudi Arabia has integrated the two models to study the students’ ITU LMSs, this study combines two major theories, TPB and UTAUT, in the context of Saudi Arabia, contributing to the field of technology use in education by expanding empirical research and providing a thorough understanding of the challenges associated with the use of LMS in Saudi universities. This study should be viewed as filling a crucial gap in the field. Moreover, this integrated model, using more than one theoretical perspective, brings a thorough comprehension of the barriers that hinder students’ adoption of LMSs in the academic context in Saudi Arabia and thus assists in making effective decisions and reaching viable solutions.
Using the voice of the student to identify perceptions of teaching effectiveness attributes: a pilot study
Authors: Cudney Elizabeth A. , Anderson Somer , Beane Robbie , Furterer Sandra , Mohandas Lakshmy , Laux Chad
Published: April 2023

Purpose

Teaching effectiveness is essential to student learning, engagement and success. This study aims to identify the perceived teaching effectiveness attributes from the student’s perspective through a pilot study.

Design/methodology/approach

A comprehensive literature review identified 6 demographic and 25 teaching effectiveness characteristics. The Kano model was used to gather and analyze the student’s voices. The research validated the survey instrument using Cronbach’s alpha to ensure internal consistency and Chi-square goodness of fit to test the data distribution. Differences in response patterns were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test. Furthermore, the magnitude of the effect between the teaching effectiveness attributes was determined using Cramer’s V test.

Findings

This study determined that students perceived 19 attributes as one-dimensional, 3 as indifferent, 2 as attractive and 1 as one-dimensional and attractive. The analysis found differences in response patterns concerning readings and materials, grading rubrics to set assignment expectations and group/teamwork on projects.

Research limitations/implications

As a pilot study, the sample size was small. Additional research should validate the survey using a larger sample. While the study results are specific to the college surveyed, other educators can use the methodology to identify the attributes important to their students.

Practical implications

Categorizing attributes based on the student’s voice enables instructors to focus on attributes that will improve the learning experience.

Originality/value

This research provides a comprehensive methodology for identifying critical teaching effectiveness attributes from the student’s perspective.
What it takes to be an inclusive leader? Developing six signature traits to master inclusive leadership
Authors: Malik Shehla
Published: April 2023

Purpose

With the increasing trend of a diverse workforce, encouraging inclusive leadership holds the key for improving employee experience of all work group members. This review aims to describe various stages of the inclusive leadership continuum to identify the current status of manager’s inclusiveness. It also highlights six important signature traits that managers can build to become successful inclusive leaders by transitioning across these stages.

Design/methodology/approach

This study draws on existing literature in the domain of inclusive leadership. It extensively reviews the inclusive leadership continuum and the six important traits that may guide managers to become more inclusive in their approach at workplace.

Findings

An important contribution of this study is to help managers find out where they are located on the inclusive leadership continuum and how they can reach its next stage to become more inclusive. This study lists six behavioural traits, namely, cognizance, curiosity, courage, commitment, cultural intelligence and collaboration to facilitate development of an inclusive leader.

Practical implications

Organizations can identify at which stage managers are situated on the inclusive leadership continuum. This study also explains six signature traits essential for managers to transition from one stage to another. These traits can be inculcated in managers through well-designed inclusive leadership development programs.

Originality/value

To the best of the author’s knowledge, this study is unique because it presents an integrated framework to explain which key traits should be developed by managers to move along the inclusive leadership continuum and become successful inclusive leaders.
Coca-Cola product placement strategy backfires – a case of celebrity activism
Authors: Saldanha Avil , Aranha Rekha
Published: April 2023

Research methodology

A secondary research method was used to collect data for this case. The authors have made use of newspaper articles and published articles written by journalists and experts which are available in the public domain.

Case overview/synopsis

Instances of celebrity activism such as athlete activism are rising. Social media has amplified the voice of celebrities and given them a personal channel to directly communicate with their fans without any media censorship. The same is true especially concerning endorsement by sports superstars, who now seem to have a mind of their own, independent of the official line of clubs, tournament organizers or sponsoring companies. This case discusses the embarrassment and financial loss faced by soft drinks giant Coca-Cola due to the public snub by football superstar Cristiano Ronaldo during an official press conference of the EURO 2020 championship.

Complexity academic level

Undergraduate and postgraduate students studying marketing management and brand management courses in business management and commerce streams can use this case. This case can also be used for marketing specialization students at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels.
Currency crisis: Turkey in 2021
Authors: Tsang Ming
Published: April 2023

Research methodology

This case study is developed from secondary sources. Two types of data were used to develop this case. The statistical data are gathered from sources such as Yahoo! Finance, Trading Economics, Investing.com and The Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey. Reports on market developments are gathered from major news outlets such as Bloomberg, The Wall Street Journal and Reuters.

Case overview/synopsis

The year 2021 was a volatile year for the Turkish economy: it ended the year with 36% annual inflation, 44% currency devaluation, shortages of basic goods, street protests, etc. How does the Turkish currency crisis in 2021 play out in various financial markets such as the foreign exchange, bond, stock and cryptocurrency markets? This case study introduces students to Turkey’s economic crisis in 2021 and how the Turkish lira’s depreciation, home inflation and central bank policies interact to affect its various financial markets. In the bond market, a depreciated lira heightened the credit risk of Turkey’s bond issuers and effectively crippled the country’s bond market. In contrast, Turkey’s stock and cryptocurrency markets experienced a rally as Turks put their money into equities and cryptocurrencies to hedge against inflation. In international trade, the lira’s fall and the supply chain disruptions in Asia benefited Turkish exporters tremendously. In contrast, Turkish importers suffered. In the Turkish society, the impact of the currency and inflation crisis fell the hardest on ordinary folks, who saw the values of their wages and pension benefits erode. In times of hardship, socially responsible citizens helped the poor by anonymously paying for others’ unpaid bills.

Complexity academic level

Given the multicomplexity of a currency crisis, this case would be valuable for finance/economics students to understand how a country’s currency crisis and its central bank policies interact to impact its various financial markets. This case is appropriate for courses in Markets and Institutions with a global or cultural learning objective.

Learning Objectives

1. Describe how the Turkish lira’s depreciation affected its various financial markets, such as foreign exchange, bond, stock and cryptocurrency markets.2. Understand the cultural perspective on usury, how it exists in modern-day finance, and its’ role in President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan’s economic policy.3. Compare and contrast Turkey’s export and import industries and how they are being affected by the lira’s depreciation.4. Evaluate the risk exposure of foreign investors who participate in Turkey’s stock market given a depreciating lira.5. Evaluate the creditworthiness of Turkish corporations who issued dollar- or euro-denominated bonds as well as issuers of lira-denominated bonds given a depreciating lira.6. Understand the social impacts of a currency crisis and the charitable acts of socially responsible citizens.
Associations between farmland birds and fallow area at large scales: Consistently positive over three periods of the EU Common Agricultural Policy but moderated by landscape complexity
Authors: Hertzog Lionel R. , Klimek Sebastian , Röder Norbert , Frank Claudia , Böhner Hannah G. S. , Kamp Johannes
Published: April 2023

Fallow agricultural land provides habitat for threatened and declining farmland biodiversity. Policy change under the EU's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has been driving the area of fallows over the past decades. It is still unclear, whether positive relationships between farmland biodiversity and fallow area are general in time and space, and what landscape factors moderate them at large scales.

We analysed associations between fallow area and species richness and abundance of 24 farmland birds in 3 years covering three CAP funding periods, by linking agricultural statistics at the district level to plot‐level bird data from a national‐scale monitoring scheme. We tested whether these relationships are moderated by species' habitat preferences and landscape configurational complexity, measured as the edge density of woody features.

Species richness was positively associated with fallow area in all three funding periods. We found a hump‐shaped response along a gradient of increasing landscape configurational complexity. The associations between fallow area and species richness peaked at intermediate values of edge density.

The associations between species abundance and fallow area varied among species, but there was strong support for positive and consistent associations in 15 (63%) of the studied species. There was little support for a moderating effect of landscape configurational complexity on the associations of fallow area and bird abundance.

Policy implications. To support farmland biodiversity, we suggest promoting fallow land across all agricultural landscapes and anchoring respective ambitious targets in the CAP strategic plans. An increase of fallow land beyond minimum requirements through voluntary measures, such as eco‐schemes and agri‐environment schemes, should particularly target landscapes with intermediate configurational complexity.
Diversifying British Political History
Authors: Maguire Anna
Published: April 2023

This article explores what the diversification of British political history might look like. Building on an expanded definition of citizenship and attention to ‘ordinary’ politics, it suggests several questions which might diversify political history's content and approach. Whom do we count as political actors? Who has access to democratic processes and where does politics happen beyond these processes? To what forms of political thought do we attend? Drawing on examples from my own research on refugees and asylum seekers in modern Britain, and on the wider field of modern British history, I demonstrate the possibilities of diversification as a way to enliven political history's future.
A quantitative analysis of spectral computed tomography characteristics of osseous metastases
Authors: Cheng Chris‐Tin , Gwini StellaMay , Craig Giles
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Spectral detector computed tomography (SDCT) is a recent advancement that enables elemental material decomposition which could improve the detection of osseous metastases in the oncologic patient.

Methods

Sixteen patients who underwent oncologic staging SDCT as well as WBBS with Technetium‐99 m hydroxydiphosphonate (Tc99m HDP) were included in this retrospective study. A total of 50 osseous metastases were identified and confirmed on bone scintigraphy. Quantitative ROI‐based measurements of each lesion and a similar region of normal bone were performed, and the acquired spectral data were used for comparison. These parameters included effective atomic number (Zeff), electron density (%EDW) and calcium suppression (HU). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed.

Results

In comparison to normal bone, osseous metastases showed statistically significantly elevated values in effective atomic number, electron density and calcium suppression. ROC analysis demonstrated outstanding discrimination with area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.934 and 0.915 for effective atomic number and electron density, and excellent discrimination with an AUC value of 0.884 for calcium suppression. Threshold values of effective atomic number (Zeff) >9.7, electron density >115% EDW and calcium suppression values >0 HU were demonstrated to be able to differentiate an osseous lesion from normal bone with a sensitivity of 82%, 82% and 84% and a specificity of 86%, 92% and 88% respectively.

Conclusion

Spectral analysis of osseous metastases demonstrated significantly elevated values in effective atomic number, electron density and calcium suppression as compared to normal bone which would be useful adjunct quantitative parameters in CT imaging to increase diagnostic confidence.
The influence of alexithymia on disease activity and quality of life in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Cengiz Gizem , Şaş Senem , Kaplan Hüseyin , Özsoy Saliha , Çalış Mustafa
Published: April 2023

Objective

To evaluate the prevalence of alexithymia and its influence on disease activity, quality of life, and clinical outcomes in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) patients.

Patients and Methods

This cross‐sectional study included 110 (59 men and 51 women) consecutive axSpA patients who agreed to participate at our rheumatology outpatient clinic. Patient demographics, pain, disease activity measures, functionality, quality of life, alexithymia, psychological status, neuropathic pain, and fibromyalgia were evaluated. Patients were divided into 2 groups (without vs with alexithymia) and compared. The risk factors for alexithymia were evaluated.

Results

The prevalence of alexithymia in axSpA patients was 31.8% according to a Toronto Alexithymia Scale‐20 cutoff of ≥61. The mean age and body mass index of patients were 41.25 ± 9.64 years and 27.73 ± 4.51 kg/m2, respectively. Most patients with alexithymia were women. Patients with alexithymia had significantly high scores for depression, anxiety, fibromyalgia, disease activity, enthesitis, worse quality of life, and poor functionality (all P < 0.05). Female gender (odds ratio [OR] = 22.359), patient global assessment (OR = 7.873), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (OR = 1.864), and fibromyalgia symptom severity (OR = 1.303) were found to be independent risk factors for alexithymia.

Conclusion

The present study results showed that about one‐third of axSpA patients had alexithymia, and the patients with alexithymia had higher disease activity, worse quality of life, and worse functional status than those without alexithymia. Female gender, patient global assessment, functional status, and fibromyalgia symptom severity were found to be important contributing factors to alexithymia.
Bundling and nonlinear pricing in telecommunications
Authors: Luo Yao
Published: April 2023

I develop a multiproduct nonlinear pricing model where a firm sells both discrete and continuous services to consumers with multidimensional heterogeneity. I derive the optimal selling mechanism and provide primitive conditions under which different bundling strategies arise. Exploiting both the firm and the consumer's optimality conditions, I show that the model structure is nonparametrically identified and propose a semiparametric estimation procedure. An application to China Telecom data shows that mixed bundling of internet and landline phone services is more beneficial to both the firm and the consumer relative to component pricing.
RNF128 expression in lung adenocarcinoma is a favorable prognostic factor associated with decreased tumor‐associated macrophages
Authors: Fujimoto Syuusuke , Kyuichi Kadota , Kaede Yamada , Chihiro Yoshida , Emi Ibuki , Ryo Ishikawa , Reiji Haba , Toshiki Yajima , Yokomise Hiroyasu
Published: April 2023

Objectives

Molecular‐level research has linked RING finger (RNF) protein family members to carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Among them, RNF128 is related to tumor progression, but reports on its association with lung cancer are few. This study aimed to clarify the unknown association between RNF128 expression and clinical outcomes in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods

Clinical data of 545 patients with therapy‐naïve lung adenocarcinoma who underwent lobectomy with systematic lymph node dissection between 1999 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were conducted to evaluate the relationship between RNF128 expression and prognosis.

Results

Among adenocarcinoma histologic types, acinar, micropapillary, and solid tumors did not express RNF128 compared with other histologic types (p < 0.001). Patients with high RNF128 expression exhibited fewer clusters of differentiated (CD) 68+ tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) and CD163+ TAMs. Multivariate analysis of relapse‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) revealed that the lack of RNF128 expression was an independent prognostic factor for poor RFS (hazard ratio [HR] 1.60, p = 0.029) and OS (HR 1.83, p = 0.041), suggesting that RNF128 expression is a favorable prognostic factor.

Conclusion

RNF128 expression may be an independent predictor of favorable outcomes in Japanese patients with untreated lung adenocarcinoma who undergo surgical resection. Further elucidation of the role of TAM‐related E3 ubiquitin ligase in immune function may facilitate the development of effective immunomodulatory therapies for lung adenocarcinoma.
Improving uptake of advance care planning through education and training in a public hospital geriatric clinic
Authors: Liang Qi’En , Eng Derek , Tate Joel
Published: April 2023

Objective

Advance care planning (ACP) is an important part of routine medical care. However, Western Australia (WA) consistently demonstrates poor rates of completion. International and interstate ACP programs have previously led to an increase in ACP discussion and documentation. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of a multifaceted intervention on completion of ACP in a geriatric outpatient setting in WA.

Methods

The Plan‐Do‐Study‐Act (PDSA) cycle was used for this audit. The components of the intervention comprised of education and communication skill training, improving access to ACP documents and patient resources. Pre‐ and post‐intervention reviews of documented future care planning discussions were performed and compared.

Results

Of the 100 patients audited, there was an absolute increase of 23% (p = 0.02) in any form of future care planning. More specifically, discussions regarding ACP increased by 13% (p = 0.01), Advance Care Directive (ACD) by 23% (p < 0.001), Enduring Power of Attorney (EPA) by 24% (p = 0.02), Enduring Power of Guardianship (EPG) by 31% (p = 0.002), together with a 10% (p = 0.02) increase in the provision of ACP resources to patients. Older patient age (p = 0.02) and abnormal cognitive testing (p = 0.02), but not established dementia, were patient‐related factors associated with initiation of ACP discussions.

Conclusions

A simple structured multifaceted intervention improved the uptake of ACP discussions in a hospital geriatric clinic.