bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of White Spot Lesion Formation (WSL) During Orthodontic Treatment in Patients Reporting at Orthodontic Department SPH Quetta
Authors: Bibi Masooma  , Nasrullah Mengal  , Marium Hasni  , Zeenat Razzaq  , Fakhira Nizam  , Mehreen Butt  , Sumbhal Hayat  , Munir Ahmed  , Asghar Ali  , Aminullah  , Irfan  , Maria Zehri
Published: February 2025

Background: White spot lesions (WSLs) are a common complication of fixed orthodontic treatment, resulting from prolonged plaque accumulation around brackets, leading to enamel demineralization. Early detection and intervention are critical to preventing permanent damage and maintaining dental aesthetics.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of WSL formation during orthodontic treatment at different time intervals and to analyze gender differences in susceptibility.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment at Sandeman Provincial Hospital Quetta. Participants were divided into three groups: control (n=56, immediately post-bonding), six-month (n=74), and twelve-month (n=70). WSLs were assessed visually on the maxillary anterior teeth using a standardized scoring system. Data were analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression in SPSS version 25.
Results: WSL prevalence was significantly higher in the six-month (38%, P=0.021) and twelve-month groups (46%, P=0.005) compared to the control (11%). Males had a significantly higher WSL prevalence (76%) than females (24%, P=0.009).
Conclusion: WSLs increased significantly within the first six months of treatment. Early intervention and strict oral hygiene protocols are essential to minimize enamel demineralization.
Frequency of Self-Medication with Antibiotics amongPatients Presenting with Common Infectious Diseases
Authors: Dr.Tahir Khan*  , Dr. Mohammad Zaib  , Shah Mehmood  , Sohail Ahmad
Published: February 2025

This research study aimed to determine how often patients treatedthemselves with antibiotics when they came to the Department of Medicine, MTI/Lady Reading Hospital in Peshawar withcommonID complaints. An explorative, cross-sectional designwas usedwith 211 adults aged between 18 and 60 years who had acutelowerGI infections and upper respiratory or lower urinarytractinfections. Of these patients, the study revealed that 69.7%hadengaged in self-medication with antibiotics in the previous6months to admission. The highest level of self-medicationreportedin the respondents was reported in gastro-enteritis (74.7%), respiratory tract infections (68.5%), and urinary tract infections(61.5%). The augmented choice of antibiotics was amoxicillinat38.1%, ciprofloxacin at 22.4%, and metronidazole at 19.7%. Self-medication or the use returned by purchase accounted for 52.4%of the antibiotic prescriptions at community pharmacies. Multiplelogistic regression analysis revealed that secondary education(OR=2.31, 95% CI: 1. Age (χ2: 43-3.72), employment status(χ2=1.76, 95% CI: 1.15-2.69), and previous antibiotic experience(χ2=2.87, 95% CI: 1.89-4.36) were the demographic variables thatexplained self-medication behavior. 45 of themreportedclinicalimprovement by discharge, of which 43.5%hadclinical improvement, and 21.8% developed clinical deteriorationsorcomplications. The findings underscore the need for bias extensionfor addressing antibiotic self-medication, and its contributiontoward IMR.
Keywords: Self-treatment with antibiotics, diseases, resistancetoantimicrobials, access to healthcare, prescription, patients, population health
Clinical Presentation and Complications ofMucormycosis in Patients Presented with Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Dr. Shah Mehmood*  , Dr. Israr Ud Din  , Dr. Imran Khan  , Dr. Tahir Khan
Published: February 2025

Mucormycosis is an emerging life-threatening tropical fungalinfection with potentially devastating consequences, especiallyinpatients with CRS. This cross-sectional study wants to establishtheincidence of mucormycosis, the clinical manifestations, andtheimplications among patients with CRS within a local tertiaryhealthcare institution. In this cross-sectional descriptive study, confirmed cases of mucormycosis were 171. Studies showedthatfacial pain, nasal obstruction, and proptosis as common symptoms, and patients with diabetes mellitus are at high risk. Radiologicalinvestigations often revealed mucosal thickening of the noseandsinuses; serological examinations revealed a suboptimal glycaemicprofile. The study also pointed out serious consequences suchasblindness and intracranial spread therefore requiringearlydiagnosis and intensive management. This study underscorestheneed to identify mucormycosis in vulnerable patient groups andcalls for better clinical vigilance and treatment strategies topreventthe devastating effects of the infection. Keywords: Mucormycosis, Chronic Rhinosinusitis, Facial Pain, Diabetes Mellitus, Complications, Imaging Studies, EarlyDiagnosis
The Correlation between Parenting Style, Peer Support, and Social Media Use with Mental Health Status Among Adolescents
Authors: Pratami Risti Aulia , Elsanti Devita , Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: February 2025

Background: Mental health among adolescents is one of the most concerning issues. The lack of parental role and peer support can trigger poor mental health. Additionally, the use of social media can also be a factor influencing mental health status. Objective: To determine the correlation between parenting styles, peer support, and social media use with mental health status among adolescents at SMA Negeri 1 Ajibarang. Research Method: This quantitative study used a descriptive-analytical method with a cross-sectional study design. The research sample consisted of 92 students from grades X and XI, and the sampling technique used was quota sampling. The test used the chi-square test. Research Results: There is a correlation between parenting styles (p-value = 0,000), peer support (p-value = 0,000), and social media use (p-value = 0,012) and the mental health status of adolescents. Poor peer support is 0,072 times more likely to result in worse mental health status compared to adolescents with good peer support. Conclusion: The study finds a correlation between parenting styles, peer support, and social media use in adolescents
Bibliometric analysis methods for the medical literature
Authors: Ganti Latha , Persaud Nadiya Amanda , Stead Thor Shiva
Published: February 2025

A bibliometric analysis of medical literature provides valuable insights into the structure, trends, and impact of research in the medical field. It can be a critical tool for advancing knowledge, improving healthcare outcomes, and supporting strategic decisions in the medical and scientific communities. In this article, the authors describe a step-by-step approach on how to perform a bibliometric analysis of the medical literature, based on review of many different styles of bibliometric analyses in various fields of medicine and surgery.
PENANGANAN TINDAK PIDANA PENGANIAYAAN OLEH ANAK BERBASIS KEADILAN RESTORATIF DI POLRES GORONTALO
Authors: Mamonto Ambarwati , Puluhulawa Fenty U. , Achir Nuvazria
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis upaya penyidik dalam menangani tindak pidana penganiayaan yang dilakukan oleh anak di wilayah hukum Polres Gorontalo, dengan mengacu pada Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak (SPPA). Fokus penelitian mencakup implementasi prinsip keadilan restoratif, pendekatan humanis, serta kendala yang dihadapi penyidik selama proses penyelidikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum empiris dengan pendekatan deskriptif-kualitatif, di mana data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan penyidik Unit Perlindungan Perempuan dan Anak (PPA) Polres Gorontalo, sementara data sekunder diperoleh dari dokumen resmi, literatur, dan peraturan perundang-undangan yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyidik mengedepankan pendekatan keadilan restoratif dan ramah anak melalui mediasi, rehabilitasi, serta edukasi kepada masyarakat. Kendala yang dihadapi meliputi keterbatasan sarana dan prasarana, tekanan sosial, kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat tentang pentingnya perlindungan anak, serta tantangan dalam pelaksanaan diversi. Penyidik juga menghadapi hambatan dalam memastikan kepatuhan pihak-pihak yang terlibat, seperti anak pelaku, korban, dan saksi, selama proses penyelidikan. Meskipun demikian, langkah-langkah seperti koordinasi lintas sektoral, penggunaan metode wawancara ramah anak, dan percepatan proses penyelidikan telah dilakukan untuk mengatasi hambatan tersebut. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa upaya penyidik yang berorientasi pada rehabilitasi anak harus terus didukung melalui peningkatan kapasitas penyidik, sosialisasi hukum kepada masyarakat, dan kolaborasi dengan lembaga terkait untuk menciptakan sistem peradilan pidana anak yang lebih efektif dan manusiawi.
Strategi Pengelolaan Kebijakan untuk Meningkatkan Pelayanan pada Masyarakat Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Meysha Ananda Putri
Published: February 2025

The This research aims to determine and describe policy management strategies to improve public services, with a focus on community participation and policy evaluation. Increasing public expectations for fast, transparent and efficient services encourages the government to develop adaptive and innovative policies. This study uses qualitative methods to explore policy implementation in various regions. The research results show that the use of information technology has accelerated the service process and increased transparency, even though there are challenges with infrastructure gaps in several areas. In addition, active community participation in the policy-making process contributes to increasing the legitimacy and effectiveness of the policies implemented. However, unstructured policy evaluation is still an obstacle in assessing the success of public service programs. Therefore, it is important for the government to continue to innovate and adapt policies based on global changes, such as pandemics and environmental issues, to ensure more responsive and relevant public services in the future.
Psikoedukasi Mengenai Pengenalan Emosi Kepada Anak-Anak Kanker di Yayasan Kasih Anak Kanker Indonesia (YKAKI) Kota Semarang
Authors: Eka Wulan Astutik  , Nafadhilla Refie Anjani  , Dilla Maghdalena Oktavia  , Siwi Alfiana Ameli  , Ardyaningtyas Dwi Lystiawaty  , Muhammad Dzaki Athallah Hanan  , Nabilla Nur Hanifah  , Siti Hikmah
Published: February 2025

Pediatric cancer is a serious global health problem. Children with cancer often have difficulty managing emotions such as anxiety, sadness and anger. This study aims to improve the ability of children with cancer to recognize, express and manage their emotions through a psychoeducational program. Through this intervention, children are expected to develop more effective coping skills and improve their quality of life. The psychoeducation program will focus on emotion recognition through facial expressions, body language, and emotion-related vocabulary. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the development of more comprehensive psychological interventions for children with cancer.
Analisis Sistem Hukum Waris Adat Toraja Bagi Anak Angkat dan Anak Kandung
Authors: Aulia Rahmah Dwiyanti  , Zenita Delia Reviska  , Salzabilla Cinta Aurellya
Published: February 2025

Every human being will experience death, and will leave his property to his heirs. Indonesia adheres to three inheritance law systems, namely Islamic inheritance law, customary inheritance law, and western inheritance law (Burgerlijk Watboek). Customary inheritance law is a hereditary belief that regulates the distribution of wealth, both material and immaterial, to heirs. Toraja society adheres to a patrilineal system in its customary inheritance law, where inheritance rights are inherited through the male lineage. The Toraja traditional inheritance system has two main concepts, namely pa'tallang and pa'rinding. Pa'tallang Refers to the process of dividing inherited assets based on sacrifices made by the heirs during the testator's lifetime. The greater the sacrifice made, the greater the inheritance rights obtained. Meanwhile, pa'rinding is related to animal sacrifice during death ceremonies, which is also a determining factor in the distribution of inheritance. The results of the research show that adopted children who are recognized by custom can receive almost the same inheritance as their biological children, especially if the deceased person does not have biological children. In addition, biological children who do not participate in this ceremony may face serious consequences in terms of their inheritance rights, which can lead to reduced rights or even loss of inheritance rights altogether.
Kejahatan Genosida dan Hukum Internasional: Analisis Peran Icc dan Hambatan Yang Dihadapi dalam Penegakan Keadilan
Authors: Nike Cahyaningrum  , Wardah Apriani  , Rahma Syifa Az Zahra  , Clarissa Adinda Intan Artamevia  , Nysa Amalia
Published: February 2025

Genocide is one of the most serious crimes in international law, regulated by various legal instruments such as the 1948 Genocide Convention and the 1998 Rome Statute. This crime involves the intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a group based on race, ethnicity, religion, or nationality. This study aims to analyze the role of the International Criminal Court (ICC) in enforcing genocide law and identify the obstacles in applying individual criminal responsibility. Additionally, mechanisms for resolving genocide disputes through peaceful and legal means in international law are discussed. The research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical method, analyzing international legal documents and case studies. The results show that although the ICC has jurisdiction to try genocide cases, law enforcement processes often face political challenges, particularly the UN Security Council veto power and state sovereignty. In conclusion, international efforts to address genocide require stronger cross-country cooperation and enhanced legal mechanisms to overcome political and diplomatic challenges.
Sifat dan Karakteristik Hukum Islam
Authors: Nur Sa’adah Harahap  , Uswatun Hasanah
Published: February 2025

This research explains what is included in the nature and character of Islamic law. The research method used in this research is a literature study, namely the data used in this research comes from books and journals that discuss the philosophy of Islamic law. The nature and characteristics of Islamic law include perfect (Takamul), elastic, universal, dynamic and systematic. Although Islam has clear and firm laws, but by knowing some of the properties and characteristics of Islamic law, the rules of Islamic law itself are not rigid. Islamic law can very easily adjust to the conditions of the times and places.
Penerapan Komunikasi Pemasaran Terpadu untuk Meningkatkan Brand Awareness dan Penjualan UMKM Smoothies Fruits
Authors: Santi Rimadias  , Dinda Nurfira Rindiani  , Salfa Firyal Ninada  , Sisilya Fujiya  , Surya Migel Sinurat
Published: February 2025

This dedication to the community aims to design an effective integrated marketing strategy to enhance brand awareness and sales of Smoothies Fruits, a small business producing fresh smoothies without added sugar or preservatives. By employing an Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) approach, this research analyzes market conditions, identifies target audiences, and develops appropriate communication strategies. The results of the social media campaign showed increased reach, impressions, and engagement, successfully attracting new customers. This study provides guidance for small businesses in formulating more focused and effective marketing strategies to improve competitiveness in an increasingly challenging market.
Revitalisasi Taman Kanak-Kanak untuk Mendorong Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini di Daerah Pedesaan
Authors: Fatika Puteri Rosyi Prabowo  , Puput Mulyono
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this community service is focused on the revitalization of kindergartens in rural areas as an effort to stimulate public interest in early childhood education. This upgraded kindergarten is believed to be able to increase students' motivation and interest in learning. The method used in this study is based on a descriptive approach to identify problems in the target area. Data was collected using qualitative methods including interviews and field observations. The data was then analyzed to be used as a basis for decision making and choosing the right actions to address the problem. Practical application, kindergarten revitalization plays a major role in children's learning experiences. These spaces provide comfortable outdoor activities and act as learning stimuli for children to gain knowledge about nature. Furthermore, attractive landscapes can encourage people to enroll their children in early childhood education. The conclusion of this community service aims to revitalize kindergartens to create comfortable outdoor spaces and act as learning aids for students. This service has succeeded in providing a better landscape for kindergartens that contributes to a broader student learning experience. A more attractive view gives the school a new look to attract public interest in early childhood education.
Edukasi Pembatasan Asupan Gula, Garam Lemak dalam Pemilihan Jajanan Remaja
Authors: Isniati Dwijayanti  , Dessy Aryanti Utami  , Maya Fernandya Siahaan  , Muthia Farah Diba
Published: February 2025

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have been the leading cause of death in Indonesia for the past 19 years. This is due to a change in a diet high in sugar, salt and fat (SSF). Adolescents are one of the groups of people who often consume high snacks (SSF). It is feared that this will cause NCDs in the future. The purpose of this activity is to provide education with the theme of SSF Intake Restrictions in the Selection of Adolescent Snacks which is expected to increase knowledge and awareness of the target of SSF intake and avoid the target of the risk of NCDs. Nutrition education is carried out offline using the lecture method, providing e-booklets, questions and answers, and implementing pre-test and post-test using google form. The educational participants were attended by 85 students from 35 North Jakarta State High School. The results of nutrition education have a positive impact on the target knowledge level which is characterized by an increase in post-test scores on each component of the question
Psiko Edukasi Kesehatan Mental pada Siswa Kelas IX di SMP Negeri 20 Surakarta
Authors: Viona Rahmawati
Published: February 2025

In initial observations at SMP Negeri 20 Surakarta, various emotional and behavioral problems were found among students, including self-injurious behavior due to emotional stress, such as friendship conflicts and social pressure. This phenomenon highlights the importance of psychosocial interventions to increase awareness of mental health among adolescents. Adolescence, as a critical period of biological, psychological and social development, is vulnerable to internal and external conflicts that can affect mental well-being. Data shows that the prevalence of emotional mental disorders in adolescents is increasing, with risk factors including academic pressure, poor interpersonal relationships, and lack of mental health awareness and support. To overcome this, community service activities in the form of mental health psychoeducation were carried out at SMP Negeri 20 Surakarta. This activity includes training in managing emotions, strengthening interpersonal relationships, and increasing student awareness about the importance of mental health. Results show increased student understanding and awareness, as well as positive impacts on psychological well-being, social skills, and academic achievement. It is hoped that this program will be the first step in supporting adolescent mental health and reducing the risk of psychological disorders in the future.
Penguatan Kapasitas dan Kompetensi Panitia Pengawas Tempat Pemungutan Suara (PTPS) Kecamatan Ranteangin dan Kecamatan Wawo Kabupaten kolaka Utara
Authors: Adhe Ismail Ananda  , Sulkifli. Ar  , Mirnawati Mirnawati
Published: February 2025

This activity aims to increase the capacity and competence of the Polling Station Supervisory Committee (PTPS) in Ranteangin District, North Kolaka Regency. PTPS plays an important role in ensuring the implementation of honest, fair, and transparent elections. However, limited understanding of election regulations and procedures is a challenge in carrying out supervisory duties. The method used in this program is debriefing, which includes providing structured material regarding election regulations, supervision techniques, handling violations, and reporting procedures. The debriefing was attended by 10 participants from all villages/sub-districts in Ranteangin District. The results of the evaluation showed a significant increase in the participants' understanding and skills related to their duties and responsibilities as PTPS. This program is expected to strengthen the role of PTPS in maintaining the integrity of the electoral process and supporting the realization of quality democracy at the local level
Classification of Skin Cancer Images Using Convolutional Neural Network with ResNet50 Pre-trained Model
Authors: Minarno Agus Eko , Lusianti Aaliyah , Azhar Yufis , Wibowo Hardianto
Published: February 2025

The skin, an astonishingly expansive organ within the human body, plays a pivotal role in safeguarding us against the environment's harsh elements. It acts as a formidable barrier, shielding our delicate internal systems from the scorching heat of the sun and the harmful effects of relentless exposure to light. Nevertheless, it is not impervious to damage, especially when subjected to excessive sunlight and the potentially hazardous ultraviolet (UV) radiation that accompanies it. Prolonged UV exposure can wreak havoc on our skin cells, potentially setting the stage for the development of skin cancer. This condition demands prompt and accurate diagnosis for effective treatment. To address the pressing need for swift and precise skin cancer diagnosis, cutting-edge technology has come to the fore in the form of deep learning systems. These sophisticated systems have been meticulously designed and trained to classify skin lesions autonomously with remarkable accuracy. The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture is a formidable choice for handling image classification tasks among the array of deep learning techniques. In a recent breakthrough study, a CNN-based model was meticulously constructed to explicitly classify skin lesions, leveraging the power of a pre-trained ResNet50 architectural model to augment its capabilities. This groundbreaking ResNet50 architecture was meticulously trained to classify seven distinct skin lesions, surpassing the performance of its predecessor, MobileNet. The results achieved in this endeavor are nothing short of impressive. The overall accuracy of the ResNet50 model stands at a commendable 87.42% when tasked with classifying the seven diverse classes within the dataset. Delving further into its proficiency, we find that the Top2 and Top3 accuracy rates soar to an astounding 95.52% and 97.86%, respectively, illustrating the model's exceptional precision and reliability.
A Novel Network Optimization Framework Based on Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Deep Learning (DL) Approach
Authors: Osman Muhammad Fendi , Mohd Isa Mohd Rizal , Khairuddin Mohammad Adib , Mohd Shukran Mohd ‘Afizi , Mat Razali Noor Afiza
Published: February 2025

Access to networks and the Internet has multiplied, and data traffic is growing exponentially and quickly. High network utilization, along with varied traffic types in the network, poses a considerable challenge and impact on the ICT Infrastructure, particularly affecting the performance and responsiveness of real-time application users who will experience slowness and poor performance. Conventional/traditional Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms, designed to ensure reliable and efficient data transmission, are increasingly insufficient due to their static nature and inability to adapt to the dynamic demands of modern networks.  As such, this study introduces a Novel Network Optimization Framework leveraging the combined strengths of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Deep Learning (DL) to dynamically manage multiple QoS of network devices in enterprise and campus network environments. The proposed system is a dynamic QoS that utilizes SDN's global monitoring and centralized management control capabilities to programmatically control network devices, ensuring that sensitive traffic is allocated with appropriate bandwidth and minimized latency. Concurrently, DL algorithms enhance the framework's decision-making process by proposing an accurate preferred configuration for the best adequate bandwidth for sensitive traffic transmission. This integration facilitates real-time adjustments to network conditions and improves overall network performance by ensuring high-priority applications receive the bandwidth they require without manual/human intervention. By providing a dynamic, intelligent solution to QoS management, this framework represents a significant step forward in developing more adaptable, resilient, and efficient networks capable of supporting the demands of contemporary and future digital ecosystems.
DDOS Attack Analysis on IoT Device for Smart Home Environment and A Proposed Detection Technique
Authors: Ibrahim Mohd Izwan , Darus Mohamad Yusof
Published: February 2025

This study is grounded in a comprehensive review of literature on smart homes and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. To evaluate the defensive capabilities of pfSense and Suricata, a simulated Slowloris DDoS attack was performed on a smart home network, both with and without these security measures. Data was collected for each attack instance, followed by an analysis of the attack's effectiveness and the botnets' responses to refine DDoS assault strategies targeting smart home networks. The results revealed that the network was highly vulnerable without defense mechanisms, collapsing under the attack. In contrast, implementing pfSense and Suricata enabled swift detection and mitigation, neutralizing the attack within 15 seconds. Further testing involved five different scenarios, each assessing the ability of these systems to detect and block DDoS attacks. In all cases, the attacks were identified within 60 seconds. Attackers varied HTTP headers to flood IP-based cameras with packets ranging from 500 to 3000. The findings highlight the significant vulnerability of IoT devices in smart homes to cyber threats. However, deploying pfSense and Suricata proved to be a practical approach for detecting and mitigating DDoS attacks. The research underscores the importance of selecting high-quality hardware, evaluating IoT security features, and adopting proactive security practices to bolster smart home security.
Predicting Different Classes of Alzheimer's Disease using Transfer Learning and Ensemble Classifier
Authors: Tamim Mubasshar-Ul-Ishraq , Malik Sumaiya , Sneha Soily Ghosh , Mahmud S M Hasan , Goh Kah Ong Michael , Nandi Dip
Published: February 2025

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent cause of dementia, affects over 55 million individuals globally. With aging populations, AD cases are expected to increase substantially, presenting a pressing public health challenge. Early diagnosis is crucial but remains challenging, particularly in the mild cognitive impairment stage before extensive neurodegeneration. Existing diagnostic methods often fall short due to the subtle nature of early AD symptoms, highlighting the need for more accurate and efficient approaches. In response to this challenge, we introduce a hybrid framework to enhance the diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) across four classes by integrating various deep learning (DL) and machine learning (ML) techniques on an MRI image dataset. We applied multiple preprocessing techniques to the MRI images. Then, the methodology employs three pre-trained convolutional neural networks (CNNs): VGG-16, VGG-19, and MobileNet - each undergoing training under diverse parameter settings through transfer learning to facilitate the extraction of meaningful features from images, utilizing convolution and pooling layers. Subsequently, for feature selection, a decision tree-based RFE method was employed to iteratively select the most significant features and enable more accurate AD classification. Finally, an XGBoost classifier was used to classify the multiclass types of AD under 5-fold cross-validation to assess the performance of our proposed model. The proposed model achieved the highest accuracy of 93% for multiclass classification, indicating that our approach significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods. This model could apply to clinical applications, marking a significant advancement in AD diagnostics.
Orientações práticas de ventilação mecânica baseadas em evidências: sugestões de duas sociedades médicas brasileiras
Authors: Ferreira Juliana Carvalho , Vianna Arthur Oswaldo de Abreu , Pinheiro Bruno Valle , Maia Israel Silva , Baldisserotto Sérgio Vasconcellos , Isola Alexandre Marini
Published: February 2025

A ventilação mecânica é uma intervenção que pode salvar vidas, mas sua implementação requer uma abordagem multidisciplinar, com a compreensão de suas indicações e contraindicações devido a possíveis complicações. O manejo da ventilação mecânica deveria fazer parte dos currículos durante o estágio clínico; no entanto, os residentes e profissionais em exercício frequentemente relatam pouca confiança no manejo da ventilação mecânica, buscando, muitas vezes, fontes de conhecimento complementares. Artigos de revisão, declarações de consenso e diretrizes de prática clínica tornaram-se importantes fontes de orientação sobre ventilação mecânica e, embora as diretrizes de prática clínica ofereçam recomendações rigorosamente elaboradas, elas levam muito tempo para serem implementadas e podem abordar apenas um número limitado de questões clínicas. A Associação de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira e a Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia patrocinaram a elaboração de um conjunto de orientações abordando todos os aspectos da ventilação mecânica, dividida em 38 tópicos. Ao todo, 75 especialistas de todas as regiões do Brasil trabalharam em duplas para realizar revisões de escopo, buscando publicações sobre seu tópico específico de ventilação mecânica nos últimos 20 anos nas revistas de maior Fator de Impacto nas áreas de terapia intensiva, pneumologia e anestesiologia. Cada dupla produziu sugestões e considerações sobre seus tópicos, apresentados a todo o grupo em uma sessão plenária para modificação, quando necessário, e aprovação. O resultado foi um documento abrangente que engloba todos os aspectos da ventilação mecânica para fornecer orientação à beira do leito. Neste artigo, relatamos a metodologia utilizada para produzir o documento e destacamos as sugestões e as considerações mais importantes do documento, o qual foi divulgado publicamente em português.
The Plaque Puzzle How Dentists, Lab Technicians, and Nurses Are Tackling the Oral-Systemic Disease Mysteries
Authors: Alsubaie Nada Nasser , Alsharif Bashayer Badawi Mustfa , Alanazi Eman Hassan Mohammad , Alqhtani Rana Abdulaziz , Almutairi Jawharah Dahyan Saud , Otif Ekhlas Mohammad , Alotaibi Nahlah Meshal , Alsharif Hana Badawi Mustfa , Almosallam Nasser Ali , Almutairi Naif Musaad , Almutairi Meshari Faraj , Aldawsari Abdullah Abdulrahman
Published: February 2025

Oral health is not an isolated aspect of well-being but an essential component of overall health. A growing body of evidence highlights the significant impact of oral diseases, particularly periodontal infections, on systemic conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, respiratory illnesses, and neurodegenerative disorders. The "oral-systemic link" underscores the need for a multidisciplinary approach in identifying, managing, and preventing diseases that originate in the oral cavity but influence the entire body. General dentists, laboratory technicians, nursing technicians, and phlebotomists each play a distinct yet interconnected role in tackling these oral-systemic disease mysteries. Dentists serve as the frontline professionals in diagnosing and treating conditions like periodontitis, which contribute to systemic inflammation. Laboratory technicians analyze microbial profiles, biochemical markers, and inflammatory mediators to provide diagnostic insights. Nursing technicians assist in patient education, treatment adherence, and post-procedural care, ensuring that patients receive proper oral hygiene guidance to reduce systemic risks. Phlebotomists contribute by collecting and processing blood samples that help track inflammatory markers and correlate oral infections with systemic diseases. This review highlights the collaborative effort among these professionals in advancing research, refining diagnostic methods, and improving patient outcomes. By understanding the complexities of oral-systemic interactions, healthcare providers can develop more comprehensive strategies to prevent and manage diseases that affect both the oral cavity and the entire body.
Nurses' Opinions Regarding Comments from a Patient Safety Culture Evaluation
Authors: Ismail Moamen Abdelfadil , Al-Ezzi Sharifa Omar Ahmad , Alanazy Maryam Nazal , Al-Enazi Amerah Ghazi Saleh , Alotaibi Abdullah Hathal Munif , Alghamdi Ibrahem saleh abadh , Al-Jizani Fawzia Saeed Hassan , KABi SABAH AHMAD yAHyA , AL SHAMMARI NAWAF Hammod NAWMN , ALSHMMARI MOHMMAD AWWAD GHANIM , Al suhaymi Barakah Ali , Al suhaymi Jehan Ali
Published: February 2025

Background: Ensuring a strong patient safety culture is essential for the delivery of high-quality healthcare. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), inadequate and unsafe medical care is responsible for nearly 60% of fatalities, many of which are preventable. A positive patient safety culture fosters trust, openness, and performance improvement. Understanding healthcare workers' perceptions of safety practices is a crucial step in enhancing patient safety culture. Methods: This study was conducted using a self-administered online survey among 1000 healthcare professionals in a major general hospital. The Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) was utilized, assessing 42 items across 12 dimensions of patient safety culture.  700 responses were analyzed. Descriptive statistics, positive response percentages, and multiple linear regression were used for data analysis. Results: Overall, 76.9% of respondents rated the patient safety grade as excellent or very good. The patient safety culture composite score was 74.2%, with strengths in areas like "Teamwork within units" (91.3%) and "Organizational learning" (88.4%). However, areas needing improvement included "Staffing" (49.4%) and "Non-punitive response to errors" (53.1%). A majority of respondents (67.1%) had not reported any safety events in the past year. Female healthcare workers and nurses reported lower perceptions of patient safety compared to male and physician respondents. Additionally, work area/unit influenced perceptions, with emergency and surgery departments having better safety perceptions. Conclusion: The study highlights a generally positive perception of patient safety culture in the hospital, though areas such as staffing and non-punitive responses to errors require improvement. Gender, position, and work area/unit were significant predictors of safety perceptions. These findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions to enhance patient safety culture, with a focus on improving staffing and fostering a non-punitive environment for reporting errors.
Probing Assembly Models: Exploring Innovations in Models with Perfect Complementarity
Authors: Chen Kuan-Wei , Chen Chun-Hung
Published: February 2025

This paper introduces and scrutinizes three groundbreaking models aimed at probing the intricacies of duopoly dynamics within perfect complement factors: (1) the spontaneous assembly model, (2) the non-spontaneous assembly model, and (3) the sequential spontaneous assembly model. This study delves into oligopoly with perfect complementarity and makes the following discoveries. First, the renowned and significant quantity competition model, the Cournot model, is equivalent to the price competition models studied in this research, the spontaneous assembly model and the non-spontaneous assembly model using ECPR. Second, the renowned and significant quantity competition model, known as the chain monopoly model, aligns with the price competition model explored in this study, termed the sequential spontaneous assembly model. Third, the three price competition models examined in this study are found to be as follows. Initially, a comprehensive investigation of the spontaneous assembly model lays the basis for a compelling argument, demonstrating that the equilibrium price of the ‘system goods’ in duopoly surpasses that of the monopoly scenario. Subsequently, we meticulously establish the mathematical equivalence between the non-spontaneous assembly model, using the ‘efficient component pricing rule’, and the spontaneous assembly model. Our focus then shifts to the sequential spontaneous assembly model, where a meticulous comparison with the simultaneous model unveils elevated equilibrium prices for the ‘system goods’. In particular, we elucidate that those industrial profits are based on the price elasticity of demand, with this sequential model yielding higher profits under conditions of inelastic demand.
Personal Brand and Consumer Purchase Intention: The Mediating Role of Perceived Emotional Value
Authors: Liu Jing , Chelliah Shankar
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the relationship between personal brand and consumer purchase intention, with a specific focus on the mediating role of perceived emotional value. In today’s highly competitive marketplace, personal branding has emerged as a powerful tool for influencing consumer behavior. While previous research has explored the direct impact of personal brand on purchase intention, the mechanisms through which it exerts this influence remain less clear. This study proposes that perceived emotional value—a consumer’s emotional response and attachment to a brand—plays a critical mediating role in this process. Data were collected from telecommunication of large- and mid-sized companies in China. Survey data from 271 team members were tested using PLS-SEM modeling analysis. By examining a sample of consumers across various industries, the study finds that personal branding significantly enhances purchase intention when consumers perceive emotional value in the brand. These findings highlight the importance of emotional engagement in personal branding strategies and suggest that brands seeking to increase consumer purchase intentions should prioritize cultivating emotional connections. The research offers theoretical contributions to the understanding of personal branding and practical insights for marketers looking to optimize consumer decision-making through emotional value creation.
Theoretical Research on Foreign Language Learning Anxiety Among English Major Students
Authors: Guo Nyuhuan
Published: February 2025

Foreign language learning anxiety is a prevalent emotional phenomenon among English major students that significantly impacts their learning effectiveness and motivation. This study comprehensively examines the definition, classification, causes, and complex effects of foreign language learning anxiety from a theoretical perspective. Through analyzing the interplay of personal factors (such as self-esteem, learning styles, learning motivation) and environmental factors (such as teaching methods, classroom atmosphere, test pressure, cultural differences), it reveals the multidimensional nature of foreign language learning anxiety. The research indicates that this anxiety not only reduces learners' motivation and efficiency but also interferes with their cognitive processes, affects the development of speaking and listening skills, and even negatively impacts their physical and mental health. To address this issue, based on the Affective Filter Hypothesis, Humanistic Psychology, Constructivist Learning Theory, and Social Interaction Theory, this study proposes educational intervention strategies, including optimizing curriculum design, improving teaching evaluation systems, establishing psychological counseling mechanisms, and strengthening the emotional support function of teachers. These strategies aim to create a positive, interactive learning environment to help students overcome anxiety and enhance learning outcomes.
Walki obronne oddziałów polskich na obszarze obecnego woj. ostrołęckiego we wrześniu 1939 roku
Authors: Andryszczyk Stanisław
Published: February 2025

Obszar dzisiejszego województwa ostrołęckiego graniczył w 1939 roku od północy na przestrzeni ponad 80 km z terytorium byłych Prus Wschodnich. Z tego względu w czasie hitlerowskiej agresji na Polskę był jednym z głównych bastionów obronnych polskiego frontu północnego.
Terapi Aktivitas Kelompok (TAK) Tebak Gambar Dan Bermain Ular Tangga (Tega Berutang) Untuk Melatih Stimulasi Sensori Di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Budi Sejahtera
Authors: Tiaradevi Tiaradevi , Basit Mohammad , Widodo Hariadi , Panggabean Dimas R , Aldi Muhammad , Husna Jum’atul , Puteri Puteri
Published: February 2025

Pendahuluan: Lanjut usia mengalami perubahan fungsi dari sistem tubuh, salah satunya ialah penurunan fungsi kognitif. Jumlah lansia yang meningkat mengalami berbagai permasalahan berkaitan dengan kesehatan, kelemahan fisik serta sosial. Terapi aktivitas kelompok merupakan suatu jenis terapi modalitas yang dapat dibuat oleh perawat pada suatu kelompok lansia untuk meningkatkan fungsi kognitif dan sosial pada lansia. Tebak benda dan bermain ular tangga menjadi salah satu pilihan terapi aktivitas kelompok pada lansia untuk meningkatkan fungsi kognitif dan sosial.
Tujuan: Tujuan dari pelaksanaan kegiatan terapi aktivitas kelompok ini adalah untuk melatih kemampuan kognitif dan sosial pada lansia di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Budi Sejahtera. Sasaran dalam kegiatan ini adalah lansia di Wisma Teratai yang berjumlah 7 orang yang memiliki kemampuan kognitif dan sosial yang rendah.
Metode: Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dalam tiga tahapan yaitu persiapan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini ialah permainan dan diskusi.
Hasil: Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan para lansia terlibat secara aktif dan antusias dalam kegiatan ini.
Simpulan: Dapat disimpulkan kegiatan ini dapat membantu dalam meningkatkan fungsi kognitif dan sosial pada lansia lewat terapi aktivitas kelompok tebak benda dan bermain ular tangga sehingga meningkatkan kualitas hidup lansia.
COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination related T-cell immune response in diverse populations
Authors:   , Gupta Akshita
Published: February 2025

Immune dysregulation has been established as a key feature of COVID-19. Both vaccination against COVID-19 and infection by SARS-CoV-2 induce adaptive immune responses. However, much of the focus in vaccine development and immunity surveillance has been on the role of serology and neutralizing antibodies, with less emphasis on understanding the role of T cells, especially in immunocompromised hosts. Mounting evidence suggests T cell contributions to the host immune response are required for early, broad, and durable protection from the SARS-CoV-2 virus, especially in the setting of new variants of concern (VOCs). The main objective of this thesis was to expand our understanding of cellular immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 vaccinations with a focus on CD4+ and CD8+ compartments in diverse populations. In the first chapters, I describe the current literature on key immunocompromised groups – concentrating on people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH), solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, and patients with solid and haematological malignancies – and the unique T cell phenotypes observed in different fragile hosts in response to SARS-CoV-2 antigens. After describing the framework of the T cell analysis in Chapter 2, I focus on investigating longitudinal T cell responses among PLWH after BNT162b2 vaccination in Chapter 3. Our results suggest that the durable serological and CD4+ T-cell responses developing in vaccinated PLWH are associated with IL-2-mediated CD4+ T-cell activation that likely compensates for CD4+ T-cell depletion in PLWH. In Chapter 4 I assess monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy for the treatment of COVID-19 and the effect of host immune factors on Spike mutation development. We hypothesise that the de novo mutations identified in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein are escape mutants that evade mAb neutralisation and facilitate a more natural progression of disease, thereby resulting in a more robust T cell immune response. We further demonstrate that host-driven immune and non-immune responses are essential for the development of mutant SARS-CoV-2 and support informed decision-making in reducing the risk of mAb treatment failure. Finally, in Chapter 5, I discuss the overall results with a focus on future considerations for our workgroup and the direction towards which this research can be expanded. This thesis forms the basis for future research in the development of effective vaccination strategies and provides advice for developing best practice policies in terms of COVID-19 therapeutics.
The Celebrating UNSW Women project: A strategic social impact project to drive gender equity, community and engagement
Authors: Avery Alison , Halliday Lily
Published: February 2025

Universities have a unique role in advancing social justice and fostering inclusive environments. This responsibility extends to creating spaces where all community members feel seen, recognised and celebrated. The visibility of role models for the broad and diverse university community is important for building acceptance and belonging. The ‘Celebrating UNSW Women’ project set out to address the historical underrepresentation of women across campus spaces at UNSW. Traditionally, campus buildings were named after men, however with 46 per cent of students1 and a significant portion of staff identifying as women; this lack of representation was seen as a missed opportunity. Prior to this project, only one building at UNSW was named after a woman, highlighting the gender disparity. Launched in March 2022, the project aimed to rectify this imbalance by renaming buildings and creating a physical presence on campus. This paper describes the initiative, led by UNSW Chancellor David Gonski AC and Deputy Vice-Chancellor Eileen Baldry AO, involved multiple stakeholders and was executed in three phases: renaming buildings, creating a physical and virtual trail and developing an equitable naming policy. This project not only enhanced representation but also promoted a sense of belonging and inspiration among women, contributing to long-term equity and leadership in the sector.