bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contribution of Major Factors Affecting Non-Revenue Water to Water Supply Network in Gaza Strip, Palestine
Authors:   israa University-Gaza, Alkasseh Jaber
Published: June 2022

: Water losses occurring in water distribution systems (WDSs) are now considered as a serious problem, necessitating a robust and effective management strategy. Non-revenue water (NRW) data indicate that most cities in Gaza Strip, Palestine experience high NRW. In 2015, the average percentage of NRW in Gaza Strip was 39%. This figure resulted in major financial, supply, and pressure losses, as well as excessive energy consumption. The estimated annual volume of NRW in 2015 was in the order of 34 million m3 which is equivalent to American $ 16 million. Furthermore, NRW is a good indicative of water utility performance; high levels of NRW usually indicate a poorly managed water utility. This paper investigates the reasons why NRW is so high in many cities in Gaza Strip. Results of the study revealed that the lack of incentives for management units, the lack of awareness of citizens-users of the water service, apparent losses, the blockade on Gaza Strip, the wars on Gaza are the main causes.
Spectral Studies of Nanosecond Laser Interaction with Aluminum-Based Alloy Containing Traces of Magnesium in Air
Authors:   israa University-Gaza, Mansour Shawqi , El Sherbini Ashraf , Allam Sami , El Sherbini Tharwat
Published: June 2022

Parametric study of optical emission Characterization of the plasma-assisted laser ablation of aluminium-based alloy that contains small traces of magnesium is presented. The emission of lines from the plasma of the target in the wavelength range 200-900nm has been carefully investigated at the same experimental conditions. It was found that all the emission intensities of the ionic and neutral magnesium lines are subjected to self-absorption, whereas the aluminium ionic lines were free from self-absorption. The results assure that, in case of the presence of self- absorption effect, the temperature varies from (1.7952 - 1.1433 eV) as the delay time is varied from 0 to 5 μs. Whereas, in the case of repairing against the effect, it varies from (1.3240 - 0.9447 eV) for the same delay time variation. At the same time, according to the McWhirter criterion, the electron density was high enough to establish plasma in local thermodynamic equilibrium.
Synthesis of pure Zinc Oxid (Semiconductor) and ZnO:Ga Nanostructure for Different Sensing Applications
Authors: Hassan Marwa , Muhammad Asma , Mahdi Wahab , Mahan Nizar , Kamil Amani , Alwan Iman , Shanshal Afrah
Published: June 2022

The research involved the preparation of ZnO and ZnO:Ga by a simple chemical process and inexpensive materials, namly a hydrothermal method by adding 0.05M of zinc nitrate and 0.05M of hexamethylenetetramine (C6H12N4) to the cell manufactured for this purpose. The cell is in a laboratory oven for eight hours at a constant temperature up to 150 oC. For preparing of zinc oxide impregnated with Ga, 4% gallium nitride Ga (NO3)3.xH2O is added to the previous prepared solution under continuous stirring effect using a magnetic mixer. Several effects have been studied in the development of this hydrothermal method, which are precipitated on the zinc oxide layer as a pre-prepared seed layer by fast thermal oxidation of zinc metal 250 nm to achieve optimal conditions leading to the best results for applications. The work also included a study and analysis of the optical and synthetic properties of the prepared zinc oxide nanostructure. These prepared membranes have been used in the best conditions as a multi-application sensors: gas sensors where the ZnO:Ga deposited on the basis of quartz coated with antimony tin oxide as a gas sensor for very dangerous hydrogen gas. The effect of different concentration of gas on resistance of ZnO:Ga over time has been studied. We also studied and manufactured sensors that work as solar cells with high efficiency using Iraqi materials equipped with Al-Mansour State Company and simple conventional devices available in the local market. In this paper, a mechanical sensor is designed to monitor the salt content and improve the water quality. Receptors (where the cell is placed between two ends: the first end represents a piezo segment and the second end represents the ZnO:Ga precipitated on the 134 bases of quartz coated with antimony tin oxide). The range of operating frequencies used in this research ranges from 1500-20000 KHz. Tests in this research included recording the resonant frequency at the first rank of all prepared samples and calculating the damping factor as a function of time.
Improvement of Steam Power Plants Performance Using a Heat Exchanger
Authors:   israa University-Gaza, Alnahhal, Mohamed , Elnaggar Mohamed , Ghazal Maher
Published: June 2022

The present work focuses on the improvement of the ideal Rankine cycle performance used in steam power plants. Improving the steam power plant efficiency, or its components performance is desirable where the absence of renewable energy power conversion systems and the shortage of conventional fuels sources take place. The present work studies the possibility of using a counter flow heat exchanger along with the main components of the ideal Rankine cycle. The proposed counter flow heat exchanger will include the flow of compressed liquid exiting the pump and the flow of superheated steam exiting the steam turbine. The advantages of the proposed system which is investigated here include extracting heat through the heat exchanger which can be added to boiler for superheated steam production and thus reduce the amount fuel needed. In addition, since the proposed system assumes a superheated steam at the exit of the steam turbine, so no moisture is expected to form and thus increased effeciency of the steam turbine will be expected. The presents results show that the amount of heat extracted through the proposed heat exchanger for diffrent systematic four test cases of differet exits' temperatures of steam turbines and heat exchanger is systematically increasing when the those temperatures are decreasing suggesting the advantage of the proposed heat exchanger. In addition, however the proposed system eliminated the presence of moisture at the steam turbine which improve the performance of the steam turbine, a systematic reduction reduction in the delivered work by the steam turbine
Attitudes of Obese Women Toward Group Therapy as A method of Increasing Compliance with Therapeutic Program in Gaza Strip, Palestine
Authors: Al-Shaikh Ali Mahmoud
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to examine the attitudes of overweight and obese women toward a group therapy in Gaza Strip, and to identify if they prefer group therapy and willing to continue participation in group therapy. The sample of the study consisted of 1004 overweight and obese women who are registered at Ibn El Nafees Center for weight reduction from July 2016 to June 2017. The researcher used descriptive, cross-sectional design, and for data collection constructed selfadministered questionnaire was used and prepared by the researcher, and validity and reliability of the questionnaire were tested by a pilot study on 50 participants. The results showed that about half of the study participants were from age group 26 – 45 years, and mean age was 34.43 years, and 87.5% had BMI of ≥ 30. The results also indicated that obese women have positive attitudes towards group therapy with weighted percentage of 84%. Furthermore, the vast majority of obese women (93.1%) preferred group therapy and willing to continue participation in group therapy during their therapeutic program. In addition, women aged 36 – 45 years preferred group therapy compared to women from other age groups, and are willing to continue participation in group therapy, while women aged 46 years and more had higher positive attitudes toward group therapy. Also, there were no significant differences in preference of group therapy and willingness to continue in group therapy related to marital status. Moreover, women who were working preferred group therapy, willing to continue participating in group therapy, and had more positive attitudes toward group therapy. The study concluded that group therapy could be an integrated approach in addition to individualized treatment that may enhance compliance to therapeutic program for weight reduction and control.
Morphology control and mechanical properties of monoacrylates polymers prepared by UV and Electron Beam photopolymerization
Authors:   israa University-Gaza, Elqidrea Amaar , Maschke Ulrich
Published: June 2022

The morphology and the mechanical properties of the polymer networks have been investigated under UV and electron beam irradiation based on the molecular weight distribution of the polymer chains. It has been observed that the molar mass and the length of the polymer chain have a major effect in determining the morphology and mechanical properties of the polymer. The morphology and the architecture of the polymer chains can be controlled by varying the intensity of the UV and electron beam doses during the photopolymerization.
Assessment of dyslipidemia among hypertensive pregnant women in Gaza Strip
Authors:   israa University-Gaza, Masad Atef
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study is to assess dyslipidemia status among hypertensive pregnant women and to correlate with preeclampsia in Gaza Strip. A cross sectional study was conducted on 85 pregnant women attending the Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of tertiary care in Gaza Strip (49-hypertension pregnant woman as patients and 36 normal pregnant women without hypertension as a control). Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) was found to be associated with fetus sex and it was higher with male fetus 28.6 % and twins 12.2% compared with control. The majority of the PIH patient were obese BMI (32.9 ±4.6) compared with control (25.7±3.5) (P < 0.001). Serum cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, among PIH patients were high (175.3±56.6, 226.9±130.1, 67.4±51.4 mg/dl) respectively, compared with control (143.8±44.1, 186.3 ±101.3, 48.9±46.5 mg/dl) respectively. Abnormal lipid profile and low HDL-C levels may add to the promotion of vascular dysfunction during pregnancy and may induce hypertension and eventually pre-eclampsia and serious complications of fetus.
Impacts of Computer-Assisted Instructions on Students' Academic Performance of Biology within Secondary Schools
Authors: Munyakazi Jean Paul , Mukagihana Josiane , Nsengimana Theophile , Mukamwambali Concilie , Habimana Olivier
Published: June 2022

Computer-assisted instructions (CAI) not only motivate students to learn but also enable learners to learn by interacting with instructional tools that allow learners to react the way they would react in real situations. This study sought to investigate the impact of computer-assisted instruction on learners' achievement of biology with a focus on cell division topics. The study adopted a quasi-experimental design. The population of this study was all upper secondary students that have Biology in their learning subjects within the Nyagatare district. To get a sample, researchers purposively selected three schools on the condition that they are equipped with smart classrooms having connected computers. The researchers took one class at each school. Thus, we got a total of ninety (90) senior five learners. The researchers split these learners into two groups composed of 45 learners in the experimental group, and 45 students in the control group. Learners in the experimental group were subjected to computer-assisted instructions while learners in the control group went through the traditional lecturing instructions. To collect data, a biology performance test (BPT) was used. The reliability coefficient (Cronbach’s coefficient Alpha) calculated for the instrument was 0.704. Pre and post-tests were given to all students in both groups. We used the inferential statistics t-test to analyze the data. The results showed [t (88) = -6.640, p = .000; p<.05] indicating that there is a statistically significant difference in mean scores between groups. The findings from the study allowed us to conclude that computer-assisted instruction enhances students' performance in biology, especially in cell division. Therefore, we recommend the integration of computer-assisted instructions into teaching and learning to enhance learners’ performance in biology.
Factors Affecting Employability Achievement of Vocational School Prospective Graduates in the Pandemic COVID-19 Era
Authors: Prianto Agus , Firman Firman
Published: June 2022

The global pandemic that has lasted 1.5 years has caused learning activities in vocational schools carried out from home, except for practical learning which can still be carried out in schools with a certain number of students. Those affect the intensity of student involvement in Practical Learning which, is the main characteristic of learning activities in vocational schools. This study aimed to examine the effects of students' involvement intensity toward Practical Learning on the competitiveness, adaptability, and job performance of prospective vocational school graduates in East Java. This study used descriptive analysis techniques, analysis of variance, and confirmatory factor analysis. This study revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic which, causes restrictions on learning activities, harmed the employability level of prospective graduates. The average employability of prospective graduates is at the upper-moderate level. The mediation of students' competitive readiness and adaptability in practical learning has a positive impact on the employability of prospective graduates. Teachers and parents need to strengthen their awareness of the importance of continuing education despite the pandemic. Students need to be motivated to learn to be more capable of becoming independent learners.
Teachers’ and Learners’ Perceptions of the Use of Science Content Songs in the Teaching and Learning of Ionic Bonding
Authors: Omollo D. O. , Massam W. E.
Published: June 2022

Factoring learner engagement during chemistry lessons is key if conceptual understanding is an objective. This qualitative action research study explored the possibility of using science content songs to enhance learners’ engagement, motivation and interest in ionic bonding and related chemistry concepts among high school learners in Kenya. The study aimed at transforming learner attitudes in chemistry through songs as pedagogies and making them active participants during chemistry lessons. Two chemistry teachers and 65 form two students were purposively chosen to participate in the study. Out of the 65 students, 8 were selected through a random sampling method to participate in a focus group discussion. Data collection was conducted through multiple methods which included; lesson observation, interview, and focus group discussion. It was found that songs engaged learners throughout the lesson, captured their attention, enhanced their recalling abilities, and had the potential to restore their positive attitudes towards chemistry. Additionally, findings revealed that songs enhanced diverse learner preferences and extended learning outside the classroom. The study recommends that schools should consider the use of songs as a classroom instructional strategy due to its high potential to engage learners and spark learners’ interest in chemistry learning.
Aprendizagem ativa: metodologia aplicada no processo da alfabetização e letramento
Authors: Avellar Ana Cristina , Santos Marizete Silva
Published: June 2022

O objetivo discorrido neste artigo visa analisar uma proposta de ensino aplicada a partir da premissa analítica na interface da metodologia baseada em soluções de problemas para alfabetizar letrando. A primeira etapa deste trabalho tratará de elucidar um escopo teórico na perspectiva de uma aprendizagem ativa e as facetas bem-sucedidas no viés reflexivo e analítico em prol da alfabetização letrada, partindo do pressuposto em investigações de problemas, acerca das vivencias cotidianas estudantis. Em seguida abordaremos a aplicação metodológica esboçada e analisadas em uma turma de 3º ano do Ensino Fundamental, no qual 85,71% dos estudantes não estavam alfabetizados no início do ano letivo.
Adaptação de QR Codes em materiais didáticos de Química para pessoas com deficiência visual: um recurso de acessibilidade
Authors: Sodré da Silva Estevão Ana Paula , Oliveira de Souza Caroline , De Souza Nogueira Penco Vanessa , Da Conceição Silva Aires
Published: June 2022

Dados obtidos pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (INEP) a respeito do número de matrículas de alunos com deficiência em classes classificadas como regulares nos últimos anos apresentam um aumento expressivo de quase 80%, quando analisado o intervalo de 2008 a 2019. Entre os alunos com deficiência, temos aqueles com deficiência visual, ou seja, cegos ou com baixa visão. Alunos cegos precisam de material didático transcrito em braille e com figuras adaptadas em relevo; já os alunos com baixa visão podem utilizar material ampliado em fonte específica e cores díspares em imagens. Os recursos didáticos produzidos trazem além dos elementos já citados, a utilização de QR Codes como ferramenta de inclusão do público com deficiência visual favorecendo o acesso livre a informações científicas gravadas em áudios curtos a respeito dos cientistas e demais projetos envolvidos. A adaptação dos QR Codes ocorreu de forma que os cegos conseguissem identificar no material a localização exata destes e apontassem seus celulares para aquele quadrante sem ajuda de terceiros. Três revisores cegos fizeram a avaliação do material e ficaram satisfeitos com o recurso em áudio acoplado ao material.
Comportamento sazonal dos níveis do fluoreto nas águas subterrâneas (2010 a 2012) e riscos à saúde bucal em Serra do Ramalho, Bahia (BR)
Authors: Portugal Gonçalves Manuel Vitor , Moreira Cruz Manoel Jerônimo , Alves Santos Rodrigo , Macêdo Alencar Cristina Maria , Luz da Porciúncula Débora Carol , Da Silva Ramos Junior Antonio Bomfim
Published: June 2022

A relação flúor-saúde tem sido mundialmente estudada, especialmente quanto aos riscos à saúde decorrente da exposição aos níveis tóxicos de flúor a partir da ingestão de água subterrânea. Por isso, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar a distribuição dos níveis do fluoreto nas águas subterrâneas e seus significados à saúde no município de Serra do Ramalho, Bahia, Brasil. Coletou-se amostras de água de 26 poços tubulares para as análises das variáveis físico-químicas, íons principais e do fluoreto (SPADNS). Obteve-se restrições de potabilidade quanto ao nitrato para 40% das amostras, que pode ser relacionada às falhas do saneamento. Registrou-se níveis do fluoreto que excederam o limite ótimo local de potabilidade (0,8 mg.L-1) para 23% das amostras, onde o consumo destas águas representa um fator de risco de fluorose dentária à população infantil. Considera-se imprescindível que o monitoramento do flúor nas águas de abastecimento público, a desfluoretação, quando cabível, e a vigilância em saúde abranjam os múltiplos usos da água as dimensões biogeofísicas, econômico-sociais e culturais dos sujeitos sociais deste município. Ademais, deve-se fomentar a formação de profissionais que considerem as relações entre ambiente e saúde.
Cidades Sustentáveis e o Objetivo 4 do Desenvolvimento Sustentável da ONU: a experiência da quarta cidade mais antiga do Brasil
Authors: Costa Jailton , Andrade Antônio , Souza Roberto
Published: June 2022

Há muito tempo se debate acerca do papel das cidades como reflexo de uma relação harmônica entre o consumo e a conservação da natureza, algo de difícil equação durante a história contemporânea do ser humano. Diante desse paradigma, objetivou-se analisar a implementação de objetivos da Agenda 2030, na cidade de São Cristóvão/SE, a partir de um levantamento da produção científica no Brasil e no mundo acerca das cidades sustentáveis, e dos Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável da Organização das Nações Unidas, além da sua relação com os indicadores municipais de desenvolvimento. Foram analisados os indicadores municipais, as LOA e LDO e um programa municipal relacionado a Educação. Quanto aos procedimentos, foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Dentre os resultados, percebe-se que comparando os índices do município de São Cristóvão no período 2012/2020 com o IDEB e associando esses índices com as políticas adotadas através do ODS 4, nota-se que houve importantes avanços no período. Conclui-se que é possível contribuir com a da Agenda 2030, através de programas municipais, desde que haja um planejamento eficaz da política, aplicada aos serviços básicos para a população.
Ensino remoto emergencial: tensões e desafios dos(as) diretores(as) de Mongaguá/SP
Authors: Sehnem Edmar Lucas Ferreira , Martins Angela Maria
Published: June 2022

Este artigo apresenta e discute percepções dos(as) diretores(as) de unidades escolares municipais de Mongaguá, acerca das diretrizes oficiais preconizadas pelo Departamento Municipal de Educação para implementação do ensino remoto emergencial, imposto pela pandemia de Covid-19 no ano de 2020. Trata-se de pesquisa de caráter qualitativo exploratório que contou com triangulação de dados por meio de levantamento bibliográfico, análise de fontes oficias, aplicação de questionário na modalidade de autopreenchimento e entrevistas semiestruturadas com os(as) diretores(as). O cenário que emergiu da pesquisa revela um panorama bastante desafiador, incerto e permeado por possibilidades de ressignificação da escola e da gestão das unidades, sobretudo às rotinas profissionais dos(as) diretores(as).
Elaboração de algoritmo para aplicação de aprendizado de máquina a fim de reconhecer armadilhas geológicas do tipo domo salino em seções sísmicas
Authors: Amaral Robertom , Abreu Fernando Gadelha , Simas Joemes de Lima
Published: June 2022

A Indústria 4.0 oferece avanços tecnológicos que permitem a criação de ferramentas e técnicas computacionais nas mais diversas áreas, dentre elas a inteligência artificial e o Machine Learning. A utilização dessas ferramentas permite a criação de algoritmos que “ensinam” um computador a aperfeiçoar suas “habilidades” dentro de um determinado campo de estudo. Dentre os métodos geofísicos, destaca-se, na Indústria Petrolífera, o método sísmico de reflexão, que utiliza propagação de ondas em subsuperfície para aquisição de dados. O processamento desses dados pode demorar muito e ainda há a interpretação destes dados (Big Data). A metodologia deste trabalho baseia-se na utilização da linguagem de programação Python para a aplicação de Machine Learning visando, especificamente a implementação de algoritmo capaz de processar dados de seções sísmicas em busca de armadilhas geológicas do tipo domo salino. O treinamento se deu através do módulo SVC da biblioteca Scikit-Learn, que se mostrou bastante eficiente dentro da proposta. A utilização de Machine Learning é bem promissora na área de Geofísica aplicada à Engenharia de Petróleo e Gás no que se diz respeito a identificação de domos salinos em seções sísmicas.
Acúmulo de matéria seca e balanço de nutrientes no sorgo volumax, cultivado em sistema de alta tecnologia
Authors: Oliveira Mauro Wagner de , Oliveira Terezinha Bezerra Albino , Silva Weferson Ferreira da , Santos Dalmo de Freitas , Soares Esly da Costa , Tenório Túlio Menezes
Published: June 2022

No presente estudo, foram avaliados o estado nutricional, o acúmulo de matéria seca e o balanço de nutrientes no sistema solo-planta, no primeiro corte e na rebrota do  sorgo Volumax, cultivado em sistema de alta produtividade. O sorgo foi cultivado em solo de fertilidade média a alta, sendo a semeadura realizada na primeira semana de outubro, início do período chuvoso. As adubações foram realizadas com base na expectativa de produtividade, aplicando-se na semeadura do sorgo adubação N-P-K, e N e K em cobertura e na rebrota, visando repor os nutrientes removidos pelas futuras colheitas. As adubações nutriram adequadamente o sorgo, e o Volumax teve alto potencial produtivo, com acúmulos médios de matéria seca de 16,5 e 9,2 t por hectare, respectivamente, no primeiro corte e na rebrota. Devido a essa alta produtividade, o total de nutrientes removidos nos dois cortes também foi alto: 311, 46 e 304 kg de N, P e K por hectare, respectivamente. O balanço de nutrientes no sistema solo-planta foi levemente positivo para o nitrogênio e o fósforo, mas um pouco negativo para o potássio. Recomenda-se a aplicação de dejetos dos bovinos nas áreas destinadas a ensilagem para aumentar a sustentabilidade do sistema reduzir custos de produção.
Estudo da viabilidade econômica da eletrofloculação na recuperação de efluentes de máquinas de lavar roupas domésticas
Authors: Cunha Fernando Antônio Portela , Sabino Jesse Balbino Sabino , Machado Virginia Tomaz Machado , Silva Everton Vieira da Silva , Silva Marcelo Bento da Silva
Published: June 2022

O processo doméstico de lavagem de roupas utilizando as lavadoras automáticas é bastante difundido nas residências hoje em dia. Por gerar um efluente com menor carga de sujeiras, vários estudos tem sido realizados a fim de reaproveitar as águas utilizadas em tais atividades.  Desta forma, este trabalho tem como objetivo verificar a viabilidade do método de eletrofloculação na recuperação de efluente doméstico oriundo da lavagem de roupas, fazendo uma análise comparativa com o processo convencional, utilizado em sistemas de tratamento do esgoto público. O efluente estudado foi obtido de uma máquina de lavar doméstica que consome em cerca 160 L de água por cada ciclo de lavagem. Foram avaliados os parâmetros de cor, turbidez, condutividade e pH. O processo de eletrofloculação mostrou-se bastante eficiente no tocante a recuperação do efluente e também apresentou um custo de até 52% mais baixo quando comparado ao custo do método convencional utilizado em estações de tratamento de água.
Eclesialidade da Liturgia das Horas
Authors: Temochko Arnaldo Antonio de Souza
Published: June 2022

O Concílio Vaticano II buscando haurir das fontes cristãs um espírito renovador reestabeleceu a Liturgia como obra de Cristo à qual ele associa a sua esposa que é a Igreja. Nesse sentido a reforma litúrgica retirou a Liturgia das Horas de uma condição um tanto quanto periférica para devolvê-la ao seio do povo cristão. O objetivo da comunicação consiste em discutir alguns pressupostos teológicos que sustentam e fundamentam esta dimensão eclesial da Liturgia das Horas como sendo oração de Cristo – cabeça e membros – um sacrifício de louvor oferecido por umpovo todo ele sacerdotal constituído e consagrado pelo Batismo. Participa da natureza eclesial da Liturgia das Horas também o caráter ecumênico desta oração. Sendo uma das expressões litúrgicas eclesiais, a Liturgia das Horas também participa da condição fontal da espiritualidade cristã, uma escola de oração para aqueles que a celebram a fim de contribuir para que a vida concreta do dia a dia seja um louvor agradável ao Pai assim como o fora a vida de Jesus.
A criança no ambiente hospitalar e o processo de humanização
Authors: Dourado Carollyna Alves do Nascimento , Almeida Ana Paula , Silva Raylton Aparecido Nascimento , Silva Robson Mariano Oliveira , Rangel Maria de Fátima Antunes , Silva Maikerlley Gomes , Abreu Vitor Pachelle Lima , Da Mota Rafael Silveira , Vieira Maurício Aires , Lima Thiago Oliveira Sabino , Abrao Ruhena Kelber
Published: June 2022

A hospitalização é vista como um processo doloroso, por isso muito se discute na acerca da humanização dos setores hospitalares, principalmente na pediatria, já que a criança é considerada um ser frágil que requer cuidados especiais. A humanização configura-se como uma das estratégias para responder efetivamente às complexas necessidades de saúde de indivíduos e populações. Na atenção à saúde da criança, é enfatizado um cuidado integral e multiprofissional que possibilite a compreensão das necessidades e direitos da criança como indivíduo. Neste estudo objetivou-se conhecer a respeito do processo de humanização que o profissional de saúde, em especial o da enfermagem, oferece ao paciente pediátrico no ambiente hospitalar, isso por meio da revisão sistemática da literatura. A revisão estruturou-se mediante o seguinte percurso: formulação da questão norteadora e objetivo da revisão, busca nas bases de dados, estabelecimento de critérios de inclusão e exclusão dos trabalhos por meio da leitura dos resumos, busca dos textos na íntegra, definição dos dados a serem coletados das produções selecionadas, extração dos dados, análise, apresentação e discussão dos resultados. Os dados extraídos das produções selecionadas foram apresentados, configurando uma análise descritiva por categorização. Os resultados encontrados mostraram aspectos como: participação da família, adequação do ambiente de internação, incorporação do lúdico, humanização da assistência perinatal e cuidado integral. Concluiu-se que os achados contribuem para as reflexões na área da atenção à saúde da criança, contribuindo assim, para que os profissionais de enfermagem possam trabalhar estratégias que garantam a humanização da atenção à saúde da criança no contexto hospitalar, visando uma assistência mais qualificada e um cuidado menos traumático.
Si tan solo Roy Batty hubiese sido arqueólogo. Las «lágrimas en la lluvia» de la arqueología
Authors: Santander Boris
Published: June 2022

El presente escrito parte de la lectura de dos textos propuestos por el equipo editorial de la revista Praxis Arqueológica (Aubert et al., 2019; Morcote-Ríos et al., 2021). Aquí se plantean algunas reflexiones en torno al abordaje arqueológico de elementos de orden inmaterial que, por su propia naturaleza, no se depositan en el registro arqueológico y suelen quedar excluidos de nuestra aproximación a las comunidades humanas del pasado, reciente o lejano.
Role of family and community support in the eliminating restraint of persons with mental illness
Authors: Yusuf Husmiati , Subardhini Meiti , Andari Soetji , Ganti Mery , Esterilita Mari , Fahrudin Adi
Published: June 2022

This study aims to identify and analyze the potential and challenges in dealing with cases of shackles for persons with mental disabilities through family support for PDM who has been deprived of shackles, or restraint, or who have been released from shackles, and the community support for families and PDMs who experience shackles, re-sharing, or those who have been released from shackles. This study used the descriptive qualitative research method. Data collection techniques are interviewing focus group discussions and observation. The result of this study found that the average support for families with mental disabilities in pasung is still low but in general, it is in the moderate category. To improve and restore PDM recovery, it is necessary to have the attitude and support of families who are directly involved in handling it, avoiding hostile actions, providing support, warmth, and giving a little criticism. The family has a strategic function in reducing the recurrence rate, increasing independence, living standards, and adaptability to return to society and social life. Family support is an important factor in preventing shackles and re-incarceration.
Serum retinol binding protein-4 and the risk of hypothyroidism in Egyptian diabetic patients with cardiovascular manifestations
Authors: Sleem Hanan A. , Hamed Heba I. , El-Saeed Rasha A. , Youssef Magdy M.
Published: June 2022

Retinol binding protein-4 (RBP4) levels have been associated with patients of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) including insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The present study examined the relationship between serum levels of RBP4 and the risk factors related to hypothyroidism (Hypo) and CVD in diabetic Egyptian patients. A total of 96 subjects were recruited and divided into 8 groups. Subjects were assessed for different biochemical parameters. In addition, serum levels of RBP4 were measured using specific immunoassays. There was a highly statistically significant difference in fasting blood glucose (FBG) and hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) between the different patient groups and the control group. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration in the (T2DM+Hyp) group was considerably higher than in the other groups. There were statistically significant variations in TSH levels between all groups and controls. The mean RBP4 value in Group5 (T2DM+Hyp+CVD) was significantly higher than in the other groups. In (T2DM+Hypo+CVD) group, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve revealed that RBP4 had a higher area under curve (AUC), making it a powerful discriminator of those diseases.
Perceived stress and academic concerns among undergraduate medical students during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ravikumar S , Ashok Kumar K S , Shrinivas Shrinivas , Narayani B H
Published: June 2022

Background: In India, the coronavirus pandemic had created a sudden closure of educational institutes which led to the shift of conventional classes to virtual classes.The present study aimed to assess the perceived stress and academic concerns during the COVID 19 lockdown, among the medical students. This cross-sectional study was carried in a government medical college during covid 19 lockdown. It included 590 undergraduate students. A semi-structured online questionnaire on Google forms was constructed and the link was forwarded to all the medical students. Perceived stress scale-4 was used to study the stress among this population. Results: Of the 590 out of 750 students MBBS students, 75%had high level of stress, where-as 25% had low level of stress. Post-lockdown, 287(48.64%) felt that it is best to revert to the old curriculum and mode of teaching. Around 90% i.e., 512 (86.78%) said they were concerned about the loss of clinical and practical experience. Around 50% i.e., 286 (48.47%) felt that returning to the medical college would increase their risk of infection.320 (54.24%) said they were concerned about protective measures. 230 (38.98%) said that their family members were concerned about their risk of exposure and infection and so didn't want them to join.
comparative study on conventional ligation and self ligation bracket systems
Authors: Reddy B. Rama Mohan , Naik Moode Kaladhar , Alla Ramya , Chandrika Sindhu , Samineni Sahithi , Kandikatla Pradeep
Published: June 2022

Aim: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the comparison between conventional ligation and self-ligation bracket system. Methodology: Seven hundred and sixty two patients, consecutively treated with fixed appliances, were evaluated retrospectively. All patients were treated by one orthodontist in a private orthodontic practice. Three hundred and eighty three patients were treated using a conventional pre-adjusted bracket system and 379 patients were treated with active self-ligating brackets. The total treatment time, number of appointments, appointment intervals, number of bracket breakages and number of unscheduled emergency appointments were recorded. Pretreatment characteristics identified by the ICON were related to these variables. Results: The average treatment duration was 15.7 months (Range: 4.1–40.5 months; SD: 5.6 months). Comparable amounts of time were spent in rectangular and round archwires by both appliances. Overall, there was no statistically significant difference between the durations of treatment with active self-ligating brackets and conventional pre-adjusted brackets. The number of debonded brackets and other emergency visits was significantly higher in patients treated with active self-ligating brackets. The treatment characteristics associated with prolonged treatment were: extraction of teeth, a Class II molar relationship and the degree of maxillary crowding or spacing.
Applying RT-PCR standard detection procedures of HBV and HCV in Wasit blood bank
Authors: Alkhateeb Zainab Dhiyaa , Maleek Muthana Ibrahim , Faraj Abdalelah
Published: June 2022

Background: Blood and blood products are a unique and precious resource because they can be obtained only from individuals who donate blood or its components. Aim of the study: To increase the safety of blood given to patients by evaluating the addition of new investigations to detect HBV and HCV of donated blood in the blood bank. Patients and Methods: this study included 150 samples of blood taken from the blood bags of donors from the blood bank /Wasit Province. In this study used ELISA (as serological method) & RT-PCR (as molecular method) to detect infection with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus. Results: The results of ELISA test, from 150 analyzed samples, only 6/150 (4.0%) of the patients were diagnosed infection by HCV and 1/150 (0.6%) infection by HBV. The results of PCR test, (4.0%) and (5.3%) for HCV C and HBV respectively. Conclusion:  Diagnosis of hepatitis virus (B, C) by ELISA is still sufficient.
Multiple myeloma in egyptian population and interleukin 10 (IL-10) and its receptor (IL-10R) polymorphism
Authors: Dahshan Dina El , Gendy Sara O. El , Rabea Ahmed , Mahmoud Sarah
Published: June 2022

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a cancer of bone marrow (BM) that is caused by the clonal plasma cells which produce monoclonal immunoglobulin that cause manifestation such as hypercalcemia, pathological bone fracture, renal impairment,  BM deficiency, and hyper viscosity. Interleukin 10 (IL-10) has anti-inflammatory effects by binding to IL-10R dependent signals on cell surface; if IL‐10 mutation affects cancer immunity so may be cause of many cancers including hematologic malignancies. Objective: To investigate role of IL-10 gene promoter (rs1800872) and its receptor beta (rs2834167) genotypes in (MM) patients on clinical presentation, laboratory findings, treatment response and outcome in a group of MM patients in Egyptian patients. Patients and Methods: The present study included 50 MM patients compared to 50 matched healthy individuals in age and sex with normal laboratory findings as a control group for analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of IL-10 gene promoter (rs1800872), and IL‐10Rβ (rs2834167) genotypes using Real time- Polymerase Chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique. Results: The genotypes frequency distribution of IL-10 SNP (rs1800872), there was statistically significant difference between MM patient and the control groups (P- value 0.003) but not found as regard IL-10 RB (P –value 0.142).
Synthesis and characterization of arrested precipitation assembled Cu2Se thin films
Authors: Karape S. M. , Sirsat D. M. , Pakhare K. S. , Jadhav S. S. , Sankpal S. T.
Published: June 2022

Nanostructured thin films of copper selenide (Cu2Se) deposited by arrested precipitation technique (APT) with controlled release of ions at suitable pH=10.5. The deposited Cu2Se films were characterized for optical, structural, and morphological properties. Optical absorption study indicates that the band gap energy (2.26 eV) of material and shows visible radiation absorption. XRD shoe that APT is a favorable technique for the synthesis of pure nanocrystalline Cu2Se thin films with monoclinic crystal structure. An electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis confirms the charge transfer resistance.  X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals stoichiometry at valance state of Cu2Se.
College motivation, self-efficacy and college adjustment of freshmen college students
Authors: Otanes Marie Eugenie M. , Bangalan Sherna G. , Escalona Arsenio M. , Sibug Nestor L.
Published: June 2022

The current study examined whether the relationship between college motivation and college adjustment was mediated by self-efficacy by freshmen college students. Participants (N=312) consisted of freshmen college students from a state university in Pampanga, Philippines. They were voluntarily participated and completed the survey that assessed college motivation, self-efficacy, and college adjustment. Structural equation modeling was utilized to examine the relationship of the variables. Results showed that self-efficacy mediated the relationship between intrinsic motivation and positive college adjustment. Extrinsic motivation was found to be statistically correlated with positive college adjustment, however, extrinsic motivation has no direct effect on college adjustment in the final model. Moreover, amotivation has direct effect on negative college adjustment. These findings suggest that interventions which help to increase the intrinsic motivation level of the college students or those student entering in college may wish to incorporate in counseling programs in senior high schools, colleges and universities to avoid the increasing number of out of school youth in the Philippines.
Development and validation of empagliflozin in human plasma using nevirapine as internal standard by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Jagadeesh Mogalipuvvu , Kumar Gajendra
Published: June 2022

The present LC-MS/MS method for the estimation of Empagliflozin in human plasma by using Nevirapine as an internal standard was established and validated as per ICH guidelines. The best response was obtained with Phenomenex Synergi,4µm,4.6×75mm, and a mobile phase containing a mixture of 5mM Ammonium Acetate buffer with 0.1% Formic Acid: Acetonitrile (50:50 v/v) was delivered at a flow rate of 0.900 mL/min by positive ion mode (API 4000Q Trap) with an injection volume of 20 µL and a run time of 3 min. Detection is performed by atmospheric pressure electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry in positive ion mode. The precursor to product ion transitions is m/z451.52>71.32 for Empagliflozin and m/z 267.3>226.8 for Nevirapine (Internal standard) were used for quantization. The retention time of Empagliflozin and Nevirapine (Internal standard) was found to be 1.50 min and 2.40 min respectively. Linearity was established for Empagliflozin in the range of 2.0pg/mL to 979.9pg/mL with a correlation coefficient (r=0.999) and the overall percentage recovery was 94.63 % for Empagliflozin and 91.94 % for Nevirapine (Internal standard) respectively.
Comparative study of percutaneous catheter drainage versus percutaneous needle aspiration for liver abscess
Authors: Gajera Darshan , Shah Mausam , Makwana Naren , Rathwa Ankit
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of percutaneous needle aspiration (PERCUTANEOUS NEEDLE ASPIRATION) and percutaneous catheter drainage (PER CUTANEOUS DRAINAGE  ) in the treatment of liver abscess. Methods: A prospective randomized study was conducted in patients presenting to Department of Surgery, GMERS Medical College, Vadodara between July 2019 and May 2022. 50 patients with liver abscess were randomized into two groups A and B. Complete history, presenting symptoms, medications were noted. The effectiveness of either treatment was measured in terms of duration of intravenous antibiotic, clinical improvement, reduction in the size of cavity, treatment success rate, duration of hospital stay including long-term outcomes such as sonographic resolution of cavity and recurrence rate at 6 months post-treatment. Results: Per Cutaneous Drainage group had statistically significant rate of duration of antibiotics need, days for clinical improvement and time for 50% reduction in abscess cavity and treatment success rate with comparable long-term outcomes. Conclusion: Per Cutaneous Drainage is more efficient than Percutaneous Needle Aspiration and can be used primarily in the treatment of both amoebic and pyogenic liver abscesses along with systemic antibiotics. However, Percutaneous Needle Aspiration can serve as a safe alternative when Per Cutaneous Drainage is not available.
Gambaran Dukungan Keluarga Terhadap Mekanisme Koping Pada Lansia di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Wilujeng Nabila Nugrahaeni , Yuliza Emi , Handayani Yani
Published: June 2022

Latar Belakang: Dukungan Keluarga merupakan salah satu mekanisme koping yang dimiliki oleh lansia dalam menghadapi pandemi Covid-19.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui gambaran dukungan keluarga terhadap mekanisme koping pada lansia di masa pandemi Covid-19.
Metode: Desain yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi deskriptif kualitatif. Masalah yang dihadapi oleh lansia adalah tidak dapat mengikuti kegiatan program vaksinasi dan banyak dari lansia mengalami kecemasan namun lansia dapat mengatasinya dengan baik.
Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dukungan keluarga kepada lansia yang cukup baik, tetapi ada beberapa lansia yang kurang dukungan dari keluarga seperti kebutuhan ekonomi serta kurangnya memberikan rasa nyaman kepada lansia, meskipun banyak sekali dampak dari pandemi Covid-19 yang lansia rasakan.
Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan informasi dan masukan yang berhubungan dengan gambaran dukungan keluarga terhadap mekanisme koping pada lansia di masa pandemi Covid-19 di Rt 02 Jagakarsa.
Hubungan Pembelajaran Daring Dengan Strategi Koping Pada Mahasiswa
Authors: Catrin Bella Amellia , Agustina Marisca , Herliana Irma
Published: June 2022

Latar belakang: Covid-19 awal mula terdeteksi di Wuhan. Menurut informasi Indonesia, kasus pertama Covid-19 yaitu 2 kasus positif pada Maret 2020 di kota Depok. Pemerintah menerapkan sistem physical distancing menjadi satu tindakan protokol pencegahan penyebaran Covid-19, sehingga di Jakarta selatan terdapat sekolah, dan kampus untuk melakukan pembelajaran daring. Adanya perubahan sistem pembelajaran dari pemerintah yaitu pembelajaran daring membuat mahasiswa pun terkena dampak harus memiliki strategi koping untuk mengatasi kuliahnya. Koping ialah sikap yang terlihat serta tersembunyi yang diadopsi seseorang buat mengurangi atau menghilangkan ketegangan psikologi dalam kondisi yang penuh stress. Koping merupakan usaha buat menetralisasi atau mengurangi rasa tertekan yang terjadi.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pembelajaran daring dengan strategi koping mahasiswa STIKIM semester 4 saat pandemi Covid-19 tahun 2021.
Metode: Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian analisis korelasi dengan model pendekatan cross-sectional study. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester 4 STIKIM. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah stratified random sampling berjumlah 92 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner yang memiliki 20 pertanyaan di setiap variabel dan di sebarkan ke mahasiswa secara online. Hasil uji di analisis menggunakan uji chi-square.
Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik didapatkan nilai p-value 0,013.
Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan pembelajaran daring dengan strategi koping
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND CAPACITY OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES BIOSYNTHESIS OF COMMON FRUITS AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF THE SUNDARBAN FOREST
Authors: Khatun Mst. Rima , Luna Nadia Islam , Akter Sharmin , Islam M Rabiul , Hossain Sheikh Julfikar
Published: June 2022

Fruits provide numerous health-promoting polyphenols and antioxidants. The Sundarbans mangrove forest of Bangladesh produces various fruits, and off them ten to twelve are known to be consumed or used as an ingredient in food preparations. These fruits were used in this study to evaluate the total polyphenols (TPH) contents following the method of Folin-Ciocalteu’s; and the antioxidant activity by measuring 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals scavenging, reducing power and total antioxidant capacity. Additionally, capacity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) biosynthesis of the fruits was determined spectrophotometrically. Sonneratia apetala fruit showed the highest TPH content (45.7 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g powder). The fruit also showed the largest antioxidant activity attributed to the DPPH free radicals scavenging, reducing power, and total antioxidant capacity. Additionally, S. apetala fruit showed the highest capacity in the AgNPs biosynthesis (OD, 0.41; 10 mg powder/mL). Avicennia officinalis, Ceriops decandra, Heritiera fomes, and S. apetala fruits showed scavenging of 50% DPPH free radicals at 81, 34.7, 61.2, and 33.5 µg powder/mL, respectively. Contents of total polyphenols in these fruits displayed strong positive correlations with reducing power (r2 = 0.97), total antioxidant capacity (r2 = 0.85) and scavenging DPPH free radicals (r2 = 0.85) whereas that for the AgNPs biosynthesis capacity was small (r2 = 0.32).  Thus, the aqueous extract of S. apetala fruit is the most potential in antioxidant activity and biosynthesis of AgNPs.