bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coastal shipping and the early development of the Southern Cape
Authors: Muller A.L.
Published: July 2024

The economic development of the region east of the Hottentots-Holland Mountains (at that time the districts of Graaff-Reinet and Swellendam) could not be explored at first, because of the lack of local markets and the distance to Cape Town. To solve the problem the Dutch East India Company established harbour facilities at Mossel Bay in 1786 and two years later at Plettenberg Bay. This, however, did little if anything for the economic development of the southern Cape, mainly because residents were indifferent and not prepared to shoulder the costs involved in coastal shipping. After 1795 a few individuals, in partnership with the British authorities, took the initiative in promoting coastal shipping between Cape Town and the east coast, thereby linking the inhabitants and resources of that region to the Cape market. This reduced transport costs considerably, while also increasing the margins of profit.
Is Klerksdorp die oudste dorp in Transvaal?
Authors: Van den Bergh G.N.
Published: July 2024

This article refutes the claim that Klerksdorp (and not Potchefstroom) is the Transvaal's oldest town, mainly because the assumption that Klerksdorp was founded in 1837 rests upon memory and tradition. It argues moreover that the history of the Great Trek rules out the probability of White settlement in the Western Transvaal before mid-1838. It concludes by indicating that no archival sources or evidence could be traced to prove that a settlement existed at Schoonspruit before March 1840. The settlement which took place there afterwards was basically not a town but a farm. The word erf was not used until the end of the 1840s and indeed referred to arable land or cultivated fields. Although by 1850 the Schoonspruit-settlement did resemble a town and was called Klerksdorp it bore no resemblance to any early Voortrekker dorp. The founding in 1888 of Nuwe Dorp was therefore not merely an extension of Ou Dorp but in fact the establishment of a separate town to provide for the needs of the new gold-diggings at Klerksdorp.
Management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Algeria and implementation of international recommendations
Authors: Keriou Faiza , Chaibi Souhir , Talbi Nedjma , Ketfi Abdelbassat
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease, yet it is often overlooked by the general public, patients themselves, and doctors due to its slow and insidious progression. Changing the natural history of COPD requires first of all the diagnosis of the disease, so its early detection seems an important element. It then becomes possible to set the objectives and criteria for the assessment of management and to choose the most appropriate treatments for each individual according to his characteristics.

Patients and methods

A prospective observational study in COPD patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Pneumology, University Hospital Center of Setif from January 2017 to March 2020 to analyze the quality of outpatient management of these patients.

Results

In all, 349 patients were included in the study of which 82.2% were men with an average age of 62 years. On admission, only 28.6% or 100 patients were diagnosed and confirmed to have COPD. The general practitioner received COPD patients first in more than 1/3 of cases (37.5%). Pneumologists received 34.6% of patients and diagnosed 99 cases out of 121 consultations, so the diagnosis was made in 81.8% of cases. Spirometry is essential for the diagnosis of COPD. It is simple, inexpensive, and safe; however, it was only performed for 100 patients or 28.6% of cases, confirming the sub-diagnosis of COPD in outpatients. In terms of therapeutic management, the differences between international recommendations and current practice are significant, particularly those concerning the prescription of inhaled or systemic corticosteroid therapy, as well as antibiotic therapy, without forgetting the underestimated therapies in these COPD patients, such as vaccinations (influenza vaccination rate at 27.2% of cases, pneumococcal at 8.26%), Long-term oxygen therapy, and the initiation of smoking cessation (4.1% of cases).

Conclusion

The publication of recommendations reviewed by experts enables updating the diagnostic management of COPD. We can hope that the recommendations will be followed up and that practices will be harmonized. However, differences between international recommendations and current practice are significant for COPD patients. Early diagnosis and effective therapeutic management of COPD remain, particularly current issues; they would reduce disability and improve the quality of life of the patient.
The use of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for the evaluation of pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Mohamed Shaima saeed , Ahmed Mona Mansour , Ali Tamer Mohamed , Elkorashy Reem Ibrahim , Osman Ahmed Mohamed , Abd Elkader Maryam Aly , Kamel Sameh Nabil
Published: July 2024

Purpose

Evaluate the utility of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging to estimate the principle hemodynamic parameters that are measured by right heart catheterization in a noninvasive manner i.e. mean pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary artery wedge pressure through cardiac magnetic resonance based numerical models.

Materials and methods

29 pulmonary hypertension patients, fitting the inclusion criteria were randomly selected and included in the study. CMR Imaging and right side heart catheter (RHC) were performed within one month. 3 Cardiac MRI based models in literature that showed high accuracy were tested. Two equations for mPAP calculation; mPAP=-231.423 + 53.8(loge inter-ventricular septal angle)+log10(right ventricular mass divided by left ventricular mass) i.e ventricular mass index X 8.708+area of pulmonary artery in diastole X 0.009 and mPAP = –4.6+(0.32*septal angle)+(ventricular mass index × 16.3). One equation for PAWP; PAWP = left atrial volume index +6.43 × 0.22.

Results

The Altman and Bland correlation between mPAP invasively measured and CMR-estimated mPAP had good correlation with r= 0.594 and r=0.599 (P<0.001) for CMR based mPAP model 1 and 2, respectively. The calculated mean bias between the RHC-derived and CMR-estimated mPAP was 7.9 (agreement interval -24.8 to 40.6 mm Hg) and mean bias -3 (agreement interval -34.8 to 28.2 mm Hg) for CMR based mPAP model 1 and 2, respectively. There was no correlation between invasively measured and CMR-estimated PAWP with (P =0.092) for CMR based PAWP model. The mean bias between the RHC-derived and CMR-estimated PAWP was 2.4 (agreement interval –13.5 to 18.2 mm Hg). The correlation between invasively calculated and CMR-estimated PVR had good correlation with r=0.703 and r=0.704 (P<0.001) for CMR based PVR model 1 and 2, respectively. The mean bias between the RHC-measured and CMR-estimated mPAP was 0.6 (agreement interval -11.6 to 12.8 mm Hg) and mean bias -1.3 (agreement interval -12.1 to 9.5 mm Hg) for CMR based mPAP model 1 and 2, respectively.

Conclusion

Our results showed good correlations between CMR findings and RHC as regard mPAP and PVR. Thus, estimation of mPAP, PAWP and PVR non-invasively using CMR is feasible but needs further studies to improve accuracy.
Inoculation of pleural fluid in blood culture bottles could be a routine practice in pleural infection
Authors: Amer Ahmed M. , Gad Maha A. , El Akhal Azza A.
Published: July 2024

Background

Worldwide, pleural infections are becoming more common. Overuse of empirical antibiotics has been linked to longer hospital stays and higher death rates, causing the emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. So, proper care requires the identification of the pathogenic bacteria using pleural fluid culture. In addition to normal culture, pleural fluid inoculation in blood culture bottles enhances the proportion of patients with detectable infections in less time.

Aim

To assess whether inoculating pleural fluid into a blood culture bottle will increase the yield of isolated pathogens compared to routine culture techniques in evaluating pleural infection. Also, to compare the time of pathogen detection when comparing the detection by blood culture bottle versus the routine microbiological culture technique. Recognize the distribution of isolated bacteria from our center and their susceptibility profile to different antibiotics and predict the most effective empirical antibiotics.

Patients and methods

Cross-sectional analytical prospective study conducted at the Department of Pulmonology and Clinical Pathology in Cairo University Hospitals. It included 70 patients with infected pleural effusion. Under ultrasound supervision, pleural fluid was extracted and transported to the laboratory for routine microbiological culture. At the same time, an automated blood culture bottle was inoculated with 5–10 ml to be incubated. All the detected pathogens were identified and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility according to CLSI.

Results

The mean age of our patients was 47.1 ± 15.6 years. Empyema was documented in 16 (22.9%) of our patients, whereas 54 (77.1%) had exudative pleural effusion. Positive aerobic infection in blood culture bottle was seen in 37 patients, compared to 21 patients in direct pleural culture. A statistically significant difference was found between the culture positive rate in aerobic blood culture bottles and direct pleural culture (P=0.001).

Conclusion

Blood culture bottle inoculation of infected pleural fluid increases the sensitivity of microbial yield in a shorter time than standard culture.
Efflux pumps encoding genes (adeA and adeS) in relation to antibiotic resistance pattern in Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from Benha university hospital
Authors: Ramadan Amira E. , Elgazar Ahmed S. , Amin Nashwa A. , Allam Amira H. , Elmahdy Mai A. , Eldeen Naglaa A. B. , Saied Sara A. , Shaker Doaa A.
Published: July 2024

Background

Acinetobacter baumannii become a growing problem in hospitals as a predominant multidrug-resistant (MDR). This resistance capacity is generated by various mechanisms including efflux pumps that can direct antibiotics outwards and prevent antibiotics from affecting the bacteria.

Methods

Clinical samples were cultured on blood agar and MacConkey agar medium, identified by Gram stain and biochemical reactions, and then identified to the species level by Vitek2 automated system. The adeA and adeS genes among isolated strains were detected by conventional PCR. This study included 50 A. baumannii strains to assess the antibiotic resistance pattern of A. baumannii.

Results

A. baumannii strains were fully resistant to Piperacillin (100%) and lowest resistance to Imipenem (54%) was observed. Out of 50 isolates, 41 (82%) of A. baumanii isolates had adeA gene and 32 (64%) had adeS gene. The clinical strains that had adeA gene and adeS gene showed significantly higher resistance to Ciprofloxacin (92.7%) and (100%), respectively. Additionally, borderline significant differences were reported regarding Gentamycin (P = 0.065), Ceftazidime (P = 0.08), and Meropenem (P = 0.08), with the resistance being higher in the adeA positive group.

Conclusion

Efflux pumps genes (adeA, adeS) played a key role in antibiotic resistance of A. baumanii.
A comparative evaluation of nano curcumin gel versus nano doxycycline gel in treatment of chronic periodontitis stage II grade B
Authors: Zakria Hala M. , El-Zefzaf Ebtesam A.-E. , El-Kemary Maged A.-E. , Mohamed Nivin N. , Ghouraba Rehab F.
Published: July 2024

Purpose

Nanoparticles have many advantages as they have very small size and can penetrate extracellular and intracellular areas such as gingival fluid, bacterial cells, from the gingival sulcus to the underlying connective tissue and to the periodontal pocket areas below the gum line that may be inaccessible to other delivery systems. So, this study aimed to evaluate nano curcumin gel versus nano doxycycline gel in the treatment of periodontitis stage II grade B.

Patients and methods

This study was conducted on thirty sites among 22 patients with periodontitis stage II grade B. They were classified randomly into two treatment groups: Curcumin group (G1): consisting of 15 sites were treated by scaling and root planning (SRP) plus nano curcumin gel 2% and Doxycycline group (G2): consisting of 15 sites were treated by SRP plus nano doxycycline gel (20 mg/ml). Clinical evaluations including probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were done before starting phase I therapy (zero time) 1 month after finishing phase I therapy (baseline), at 3 months and 6 months after baseline. Level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) was evaluated at zero time, 3 and 6 months after baseline.

Results

Intra group comparison of both groups showed a statistically significant reduction (P ≤ 0.05) regarding PD, CAL, and BOP from zero time to 6 months follow-up periods. Also, the level of IL-6 in GCF was reduced significantly up to 6 months (P ≤ 0.05). However, inter group comparison between the two studied groups was nonsignificant regarding to PD, CAL, BOP, and level of IL-6 (P > 0.05).

Conclusion

Both nanocurcumin gel 2% and nano doxycycline gel 20 mg significantly improved PD, CAL and BOP and reduce IL-6 level until 6 months when applied as adjunct to scaling and root planning. So, nano drugs gels (nanocurcumin gel and nano doxycycline gel) are considered useful new modalities in treatment of periodontitis.
Anticancer effect of combined cinnamon–saffron versus its nanoparticles on oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line
Authors: Hassan Posy H.A. , Elshamy Iman S. , Azmaa Nahed E.E. Abo
Published: July 2024

Background

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the eighth most common malignant neoplasia, often requires surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. However, cancer cells can become resistant, leading to the use of natural components in anticancer drugs.

Objectives

Evaluate the anticancer effect of combined cinnamon–saffron extract as compared to nanoform of this compound and doxorubicin on the cells of OSCC cell lines in relation to cell viability, migration and apoptotic efficiency.

Materials and methods

(SCC-25) OSCC cell lines were used. Scanning electron microscope was used to prepare and characterize the negative control group, cinnamon–saffron, nano cinnamon–saffron, and doxorubicin. The microculture tetrazolium assay viability assay was used to evaluate each study group that was examined, and the IC50 value was then determined. Cell cycle and apoptosis analysis in varied research groups were evaluated using flow cytometry and the IC50 dosages. Additionally, a wound-healing assay was used to assess the invasion and migration ability of the cells.

Results

When treated with cinnamon–saffron, nano cinnamon–saffron, and doxorubicin, the various experimental groups showed dose-dependent reductions in their % viability and IC50 values, which have potential effects against OSCC cell lines, according to our findings. It was discovered that treated cells exhibited cytotoxic, cell cycle arrest, apoptotic, and antimigratory effects as compared to untreated cells. Interestingly, the results of the present study when compared to the untreated group pointed out that, cinnamon–saffron, nano cinnamon–saffron, and doxorubicin reduced the viability of OSCC cells and increased the percentage of total apoptotic cells and necrotic cell death.

Conclusion

Nano cinnamon–saffron exerts potent cell cycle arrest, cytotoxic, and apoptotic effects on oral squamous carcinoma cell lines.
Stress analysis of short implants assisting partial overdenture with two types of attachment for maxillary kennedy class I
Authors: Elrashidy Hadeer A. E. I. , EL-Sheikh Ali M. , Abdelaal Zainab M.
Published: July 2024

Purpose

This study’s goal was to figure out how much stress is placed on nearby short implants using two types of attachment for assisting partial overdenture for maxillary Kennedy Class I.

Materials and methods

To assess the microstrains caused by the short implant, this in-vitro study employed strain gauge technology using two types of attachment for assisting partial overdenture for maxillary Kennedy Class I. Five epoxy resin models in each group in the position of the first molar in both sides was implanted into different groups, group A: one implant 5 mm length with 4.8 mm diameter, group B: one implant 5 mm length with 6.2 mm diameter. A ball and socket attachment was implanted in the left side and a locator attachment was placed in the right side of the implant. The force is directed vertically by the post of the universal testing machine. 1. The loading device base and a static 200 N vertical load measurement in a horizontal plane. 2. Oblique load measurement: A static 40 N oblique load was applied to the surface of a wooden segment that was oblique and made an angle of 45° with the applied force. To guarantee the repeatability of the data, the load was applied six times for each model, vertically and obliquely, with a minimum of five minutes between measurements.

Results

Total microstrain measured around implants with locator attachments on vertical and oblique load in group A was greater than group B, as was total microstrain measured around implants with ball and socket attachment on vertical and oblique load in group A. Total microstrain recorded around small diameter implants in group A were higher than total microstrain recorded around wide diameter implants in group B on vertical and oblique load.

Conclusions

The higher strain was recorded around implants with ball attachments than implants with locator attachments. Regarding to microstrain recorded in each group under vertical and oblique load, using wide diameter short implants is better as less microstrains were recorded.
¿Qué forma debe tener una iglesia? A propósito de algunas reflexiones de Luis Moya
Authors: Fernández-Cobián Esteban
Published: July 2024

El debate sobre la forma de una iglesia se remonta prácticamente a los orígenes del cristianismo, y en ella intervienen factores geométricos, fenomenológicos, litúrgicos y pastorales. Esta cuestión se reactivó por última vez tras el Concilio Vaticano II, hasta llegar a definir el posicionamiento ideológico de una determinada comunidad eclesial. En 1961, Luis Moya había publicado algunas consideraciones sobre este tema a propósito de un concurso en el que actuó como jurado. Si como constructor de iglesias siempre buscó la planta perfecta que armonizara el esquema lineal y el central –los dos extremos del debate– sus reflexiones amplían el ámbito de la discusión, ayudando a encuadrar el problema en un contexto historiográfico más general. El artículo concluye sugiriendo algunas recomendaciones para el diseño planimétrico de las iglesias, de modo de que puedan responder adecuadamente a los requerimientos específicos de los diversos tipos canónicos.
Continuidad verde y movilidad urbana. Nuevas lecturas
Authors: Alarcón-González Luisa , Montero-Fernández Francisco
Published: July 2024

Este artículo aborda una investigación para el estudio y la optimización de la movilidad verde urbana. En ella se realiza una nueva lectura de la ciudad a través de la continuidad de sus sistemas verdes, con especial incidencia en el arbolado urbano, y se propone una nueva forma más sostenible, integrada y saludable de usarla. Las cartografías dinámicas de los espacios verdes proporcionarán a los ciudadanos información global sobre rutas no motorizadas disponibles en la ciudad y sus características, con el fin de facilitar y fomentar su uso. Estas rutas servirán para vertebrar una continuidad urbana verde, así como para poner en uso muchos espacios libres y áreas ajardinadas actualmente infrautilizados, incorporándolos a la cotidianeidad de la vida urbana y mejorando de esta forma la integración social, la sociabilidad y la salubridad de sus habitantes.
Prácticas de diseño en la Tierra Indígena Río Gregorio en la Floresta Amazónica brasileña
Authors: Mendo-Pérez María Ayara
Published: July 2024

Para la elaboración de esta investigación partimos del trabajo de campo realizado en 2016 en la Tierra Indígena Río Gregorio (TIRG), ubicada en la Floresta Amazónica brasileña. El objetivo principal de este artículo es documentar formas que puedan contribuir al estudio de sus espacialidades y, así, a la afirmación de los saberes amerindios en el campo académico de la arquitectura y el urbanismo. La metodología de observación participante permitió escuchar las narrativas yawanawá, que rescatan su papel en el diseño arquitectónico y paisajístico regional. En las conclusiones, se subraya la urgente necesidad de actualizar las conceptuaciones y visiones en un debate académico e investigativo, considerando activos e influyentes los saberes y prácticas de diseño espaciales amerindias en la producción del paisaje y de la arquitectura en la contemporaneidad.
belleza de la austeridad. Una conversación sobre el diseño de Fabio Cruz Prieto
Authors: Fracalossi Igor
Published: July 2024

Con la presente publicación se completa la trilogía de entrevistas a los arquitectos autores de los tres centros culturales construidos en el sur de Chile con posterioridad al terremoto de 1960, en el contexto del Plan Chileno-Mexicano de Cooperación Fraternal 1960- 1964: el centro cultural Diego Rivera de Puerto Montt (arquitectos Sergio Soza y Raúl Bulnes; AUS N° 30, entrevista a Raúl Bulnes realizada en conjunto con la arquitecta Alicia Paz González Riquelme de la UAM- Xochimilco, México); el centro cultural de la Universidad Austral de Chile, edificio actualmente ocupado por la DAE (arquitecto Eugenio Ringeling; AUS N° 31, entrevista realizada en conjunto con la arquitecta Tirza Barría Catalán de la UACh Valdivia); y la presente al arquitecto Osvaldo Cáceres González (1926-2022) (imagen 1), coautor junto a los arquitectos Alejandro Rodríguez y Javier Lisímaco Gutiérrez de la Casa del Arte (Pinacoteca) de la Universidad de Concepción. El texto finaliza con una reseña de la obra e información planimétrica y fotográfica.
Violencia y reconocimiento en procesos de transformación social: el caso de la primera línea en la revuelta social chilena
Authors: Gutiérrez-Recabarren María Beatriz
Published: July 2024

En Chile, una ciudadanía agobiada por las inequidades de la élite neoliberal estalló en la mayor revuelta social desde el retorno a la democracia. En este escenario, la violencia fue protagonista: aquella de la policía con el empleo abusivo de la fuerza pública y la ejercida por la sociedad civil que deriva en barricadas, saqueos y destrucción del inmobiliario urbano. Entendidos como procesos de transformación, ante un poder que privilegia a las élites económicas, los colectivos sociales irrumpen en desobediencia civil. En este sentido, la llamada “primera línea”, colectivo enfrentado con la policía, ejerce una violencia reivindicativa arriesgando su criminalización y la propia vida en ello. La hipótesis abordada se refiere a la relación existente entre la lucha de reconocimiento social y la acción subversiva que moviliza al colectivo de primera línea en la revuelta chilena; con ese propósito, se presenta una mirada a los colectivos sociales en la actualidad, para luego reflexionar en torno a la relación paradojal entre violencia y reconocimiento. En un tercer momento se aplican dichas nociones al contexto de la primera línea en la revuelta social chilena.
Spinoza. Una política del cuerpo social
Authors: Balbontín-Gallo Cristóbal
Published: July 2024

La publicación del libro de Cristián Tejeda Spinoza. Una política del cuerpo social, académico de la Universidad de Los Lagos, constituye una excelente ocasión para reflexionar sobre el reciente auge explosivo del spinozismo tanto en Chile como en Latinoamérica en los últimos años, de una forma que está íntimamente ligada a las convulsiones sociales y a las demandas democráticas que ha conocido recientemente nuestro país y la región. Más allá de la dedicatoria que hace el autor a los actores de la revuelta de octubre 2019 en Chile, el texto constituye un “acto político” en la medida que busca dar respuesta a las demandas políticas de Chile a partir de una reflexión en torno al pensamiento de Spinoza. Pero, ¿es algo así posible?, y ¿por qué Spinoza? A primera vista …
Local structure of convex surfaces
Authors: Plakhov Alexander Yur'evich
Published: July 2024

A point on the surface of a convex body and a supporting plane to the body at this point are under consideration. A plane parallel to this supporting plane and cutting off part of the surface is drawn. The limiting behaviour of the cut-off part of the surface as the cutting plane approaches the point in question is investigated. More precisely, the limiting behavior of the appropriately normalized surface area measure in $S^2$ generated by this part of the surface is studied. The cases when the point is regular and singular (a conical or a ridge point) are considered. The supporting plane can be positioned in different ways with respect to the tangent cone at the point: its intersection with the cone can be a vertex, a line (if a ridge point is considered), a plane angle
(which can degenerate into a ray or a half-plane), or a plane (if the point is regular and, correspondingly, the cone degenerates into a half-space). In the case when the intersection is a ray, the plane can be tangent (in a one- or two-sided manner) or not tangent to the cone.
It turns out that the limiting behaviour of the measure can be different. In the case when the intersection of the supporting plane and the cone is a vertex or in the case of a (one- or two-sided) tangency, the weak limit always exists and is uniquely determined by the plane and the cone. In the case when the intersection is a line or a ray with no tangency, there may be no limit at all. In this case all possible weak partial limits are characterized.
Bibliography: 13 titles.
On uniqueness for series in the general Franklin system
Authors: Gevorkyan Gegham Grigor'evich
Published: July 2024

We prove some uniqueness theorems for series in general Franklin systems. In particular, for series in the classical Franklin system our result asserts that if the partial sums $S_{n_i}(x)=\sum_{k=0}^{n_i}a_kf_k(x)$ of a Franklin series $\sum_{k=0}^{\infty}a_kf_k(x)$ converge in measure to an integrable function $f$ and $\sup_i|S_{n_i}(x)|<\infty$, for $x\notin B$, where $B$ is some countable set and $\sup_i(n_i/n_{i-1})<\infty$, then this is the Fourier-Franklin series of $f$.
Bibliography: 29 titles.
Localization of the window functions of dual and tight Gabor frames generated by the Gaussian function
Authors: Kiselev Evgenii Aleksandrovich , Minin Leonid Arkad'evich , Novikov Igor Yakovlevich , Ushakov Sergei Nikolaevich
Published: July 2024

Gabor frames generated by the Gaussian function are considered. The localization of the window functions of dual frames is estimated in terms of the uncertainty constants, it its dependence on the relation between the parameters of the time-frequency window and the degree of overcompleteness. It is shown that localization worsens rapidly with the increasing disproportion in the parameters of the window. On the other hand, the higher the system of functions forming the frame is overdetermined, the better the window function of the dual frame is localized. For a tight frame the localization of the window function with the same set of parameters is much better than that for the dual frame. This problem is closely related to the problem of interpolation by we have uniform shifts of the Gaussian function. Both the nodal interpolation function and the window function of the dual frame are constructed from the same coefficients. These coefficients play an important role also in the derivation of formulae for the uncertainty constants. This is why their properties related to sign alternation and the monotonicity of decrease of the absolute value are considered in the paper.
Bibliography: 38 titles.
Propulsion Electrification Architecture Selection Process and Cost of
Carbon Abatement Analysis for Heavy-Duty Off-Road Material
Handler
Authors: Goodenough Bryant , Czarnecki Alexander , Robinette Darrell , Worm Jeremy , Burroughs Brian , Latendresse Phil , Westman John
Published: July 2024

The heavy-duty off-road industry continues to expand efforts to reduce fuel
consumption and CO2e (carbon dioxide equivalent) emissions. Many
manufacturers are pursuing electrification to decrease fuel consumption and
emissions. Future policies will likely require electrification for
CO2e savings, as seen in light-duty on-road vehicles. Electrified
architectures vary widely in the heavy-duty off-road space, with parallel
hybrids in some applications and series hybrids in others. The diverse
applications for different types of equipment mean different electrified
configurations are required. Companies must also determine the value in pursuing
electrified architectures; this work analyzes a range of electrified
architectures, from micro hybrids to parallel hybrids to series hybrids to a
BEV, looking at the total cost, total CO2e, and cost per
CO2e (cost of carbon abatement, or cost of carbon reduction)
using data for the year 2021. This study is focused on a heavy-duty off-road
material handler, the Pettibone Cary-Lift 204i. This machine’s specialty
application, including events like unloading large oil pipes from a railcar,
requires a unique electrified architecture that suits its specific needs.
However, the results from this study may be extrapolated to similar machinery to
inform fuel savings options across the heavy-duty off-road industry. In this
study, a unique electrified architecture is determined for the Cary-Lift. This
architecture is informed by multiple rounds of a Pugh matrix decision analysis
to select a shortened list of desirable electrified architectures. The shortened
list is modeled and simulated to determine CO2e, cost, and cost per
CO2e. A final architecture is determined as a plug-in series
hybrid that reduces fuel consumption by 65%, targeting the large fuel and
CO2e savings that are likely to be required for the future of the
heavy-duty off-road industry.
Fabrication and Characterization of Silicon Dioxide-Reinforced
Polydimethylsiloxane Composite Coating for Corrosion Protection of Galvanized
Iron
Authors: Kumar Prakash , Ramesh M.R. , Doddamani Mrityunjay
Published: July 2024

The present work highlights the significance of nanocomposite coatings for their
ease of processing and applicability in combating corrosion. Ongoing research is
dedicated to the development of an effective nanocomposite hydrophobic coating.
A hydrophobic nanocomposite coating was deposited on galvanized iron (GI) using
a sol-gel route with polymethylsiloxane (PDMS) reinforced with
nano-SiO2. Surface morphology and chemical composition analysis,
conducted with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive
spectroscopy (EDAX) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), revealed
the coating’s structural and compositional attributes. The resulting hydrophobic
coating exhibits a water contact angle (WCA) of 104.1°, indicating a 30.45%
increase compared to bare GI. Subsequent to these characterizations, the
adhesion of the coated GI, rated as 4B per ASTM D3359, is followed by
commendable resistance to corrosion, as evidenced by electrochemical tests. The
corrosion rate for the coated GI sheet is notably low, at 62.78 ×
10−3 mpy, underscoring its anti-corrosive efficacy.
Variation of Musa spp. in West Kalimantan, Indonesia, Based on rbcL Chloroplast DNA
Authors: Sunandar Ari , Fajri Hayatul , Qurbaniah Mahwar
Published: July 2024

West Kalimantan is home to Musa spp. conservation and genetic assessment of wild banana relatives are important for future breeding purposes. The present study aims to evaluate the genetic relationship of Musa spp. in West Kalimantan by analyzing the rbcL chloroplast DNA using phylogenetic analysis. The methods in this study were sampling, DNA extraction, PCR of rbcL fragment, and data analysis. The specific primer was used to amplify the rbcL chloroplast DNA of ten accessions of Musa spp. in West Kalimantan. The results showed that the area of the rbcL region of Musa spp. in this study was estimated at 587-591 bp. It showed high variability with a conservation level A+T content of 56.95%. The rbcL sequences of Musa spp. have polymorphic sites on 13 numbers of nucleotides. The phylogenetic analysis with an ML algorithm of 35 Musa spp. from West Kalimantan and GenBank data was successfully divided into 4 main clades, and the bootstrap value was 80-81%. This study is expected beneficial for taxonomic, conservation, and banana breeding efforts.
Population Dynamics of Mangrove Clam Pegophysema philippiana (Reeve, 1850) in Davao Region, Southeastern Mindanao, Philippines
Authors: Bersaldo Michael Jeriel I. , Llameg Marlyn B. , Avenido Pedro M. , Pacyao John Paul R. , Marquez Jessa May D.
Published: July 2024

Mangrove clam is the most sought-after bivalve in the Philippines due to its taste, size, and nutrition. Due to its economic importance, this paper aims to determine the population dynamics of mangrove clam P. philippiana harvested in gleaning sites in the Davao region using the FAO ICLARM Stock Assessment Tool (FISAT II). A total of 2493 clams collected from December 2018-December 2020 with sizes ranging from 14-84 mm SL and 2.2-178.6 g were classified according to size classes with 5 mm intervals. The length-weight relationship was computed and showed negative allometry (a = 0.002, b = 2.6205, R2 = 0.89). The estimated growth parameters using ELEFAN I was L∞ = 98.64 mm, K = 1.33 year-1, t0 = -1.07. Length converted catch curve routine estimated Z = 10.27year-1, M = 1.52 year-1, F = 8.75 year-1, E = 0.85, and backward extrapolation generated Lc50 = 34.83 mm SL which is below Lm = 65.76 mm SL. Recruitment patterns were highest during July and August 2020, and VPA showed a high F at 60 mm SL. Beverton and Holt Y/R analysis showed E0.5 = 0.328 and Emax = 0.551, yield isopleths derived from plotted Lc50/L∞ = 0.353 and E = 0.85 values were within quadrant D. The result revealed that Lm>Lc50 implies that mangrove clams gleaned in the area were small and immature. Moreover, F>Fopt and E>Emax and E>E0.5 suggest that mangrove clam fishery in the region was heavily exploited. The study concluded that the mangrove clam Pegophysema philippiana was overexploited and that a management strategy was needed in the Davao Region, Philippines.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity of Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees Extract via Inhibition of Spike-mediated Syncytia Formation in HEK293T Cell Model
Authors: Prasetyaningrum Pekik Wiji , Kastian Ria Fajarwati , Novianti Metta , Santoso Adi , Septisetyani Endah Puji
Published: July 2024

The resurgence of COVID-19 endemic cases at the end of 2023 has underscored the need for effective treatments. Some severe cases of COVID-19 are often characterized by the formation of multinucleated syncytial pneumocytes in the lungs. Therefore, our study aimed to explore the potential of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f) Nees as an antivirus against SARS-CoV-2, which involves syncitia formation. We utilized the non-toxic concentrations of A. paniculata extract on HEK293T cells determined by MTT assay, which were 1 μg/ml (cell viability 97.96%) and 10 μg/ml (cell viability 95.24%) for further assays. First, we conducted a pseudovirus cellular entry assay as a model of SARS-CoV-2 infection in HEK293T cells expressing hACE2/TMPRSS2. The HEK293T cells were co-transfected with plasmids expressing hACE2 and TMPRSS2, then infected with pseudotyped spike*∆G-GFP rVSV with or without A. paniculata extract. The internalized pseudovirus would trigger GFP expression as a reporter of the infected cells. Next, we performed a syncytia assay by transfecting HEK293T cells with hACE2, TMPRSS2, and SARS-CoV-2 spike expression vectors to induce syncytia formation as a model of intercellular viral transmission. As the results, 10 μg/mL of the extract significantly lowered the number of SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus-infected cells by 54.69% (P = 0.02) and spike-mediated syncytia formation by 42.39% (P<0.001). In conclusion, our results suggested that A. paniculata has a potential antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 by hindering virus infection and cell-to-cell transmission.
Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar dalam Aspek Psikomotor dan Sikap pada Mata Pelajaran Jaringan Dasar untuk Siswa Kelas X
Authors: Fazri Agus
Published: July 2024

Basic network subject is productive subject in computer and network engineering major. In the learning process,the teacher wants the student to be able to master not only cognitive but also psychomotor and attitude ability. To solve the problem, the teacher apply Project Based Learning. The goal of the research is to measure the result from psychomotor and affective aspect in Project Based Learning. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method by using questioner and observation during learning in class. Based on the results of the study, it was found that work attitude became the highest psychomotor aspect of 86.30% and work results became the smallest aspect of 74.10%. Meanwhile, other aspects have met the minimum completeness, namely, work preparation of 84.30%, work process of 77.00% and implementation time of 78.60%. The value of the Cooperation aspect is 85.10% better than other aspects, while the confidence aspect is the smallest aspect of 76.20%. Meanwhile, for other aspects, satisfactory results were obtained, for aspects of manners 78.10%, discipline 80.70%, and responsibility 76.90%
Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Inside Outside Circle (IOC) Dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berbicara Siswa
Authors: Karyanti Keni Suarnia
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to see that the use of the Inside Outside Circle (IOC) Learning Model Can Improve Students' Speaking Skills in Kennenlernen Material, German Language and Literature subjects in class X IPS 3, SMA Negeri 23 Bandung, Semester 1, 2017-2018 academic year. . Classroom Action Research (CAR) was conducted in class X IPS 3 with a total of 31 students, consisting of 13 male students and 18 female students. The data collection techniques used in Classroom Action Research are as follows: 1) Observation is used to collect data about improving speaking skills on the Kennenlernen material for 2 cycles using observation sheets. 2) Tests, pre-tests and post-tests are used to obtain data on student learning outcomes for success and measure the level of student learning knowledge. 3) Discussion with colleagues to reflect on the results of each cycle of Classroom Action Research (CAR). Based on the results of the overall discussion of Class Action Research (CAR) data, it can be concluded that the use of the "Inside Outside Circle (IOC)" learning model has been shown to significantly improve students' speaking skills in the Kennenlernen subject of German Language and Literature in class X Social Studies 3 semester 1 of SMA Negeri 23 Bandung for the 2017-2018 academic year
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN SPATIAL SENSE DAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIK SISWA SMA MELALUI PENDEKATAN BERBASIS MASALAH
Authors: Nurkholis Encep
Published: July 2024

This paper presents the findings from a pretest-posttest experimental control group design conducted by using problem based learning   assisted with  computer program to investigate students’ spatial sense  and problem solving  abilities.The study involved  72 grade-10 students in Karangununggal. The instrumens in this study are spatial sense and mathematical problem solving abilities tests, and opinion scale. The study found that: a) The problem based learning   assisted with  computer program was able to improve students’ spatial sense  and mathematical problem solving  abilities much better than the conventional approach. Spatial sense and mathematical  problem solving  abilities of students taught by using problem based learning   assisted with  computer program were classified as fairly good, whereas  those abilities of students taught by conventional teaching were classified as mediocore.  Nevertheless, there were no difference on the gain of those students’abilities of the both classes; b) There was high association between spatial sense and mathematical  communication abilities; c) Students performed positive opinion and enthusiastic toward  problem based learning   assisted with computer program
Implementasi Manajemen Strategi Dalam Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan di SMAN 10 Tasikmalaya
Authors: Yonandi Yonandi
Published: July 2024

Based on the observation results, several problems were found that can interfere with school activities, including teachers attending training, but the results obtained from the training are still not enough, have limited facilities and infrastructure, lack of understanding of teachers about the use of IT, besides that there is still a lack of awareness from teachers of their responsibilities as educators, do not understand how to manage administration in schools,   inadequate school facilities and infrastructure, information from outside the school that is late to school, lack of coordination between teachers and stakeholders. The objectives of this study are 1) To find out how schools formulate/formulate strategies. 2) To know how to implement school strategies. 3) To find out the school evaluates the management strategies that have been implemented. 4) To determine the quality of education achieved by schools by implementing strategic management. 5) To know what strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats are faced by the school. 6) To find out the strategic steps taken by the school in overcoming the threat of weaknesses, opportunities and what threats are faced by the school. Therefore, this research uses qualitative methods, this is related to the focus of the problems discussed, namely the application of strategic management in realizing school excellence at SMAN 10 Tasikmalaya. Data collection techniques in this study used interview and observation techniques. Based on the results of research that the way the school formulates / formulates a strategy has been implemented by SMAN 10 Tasikmalaya, how to implement the school strategy has been carried out at SMAN 10 Tasikmalaya, the school has evaluated the management strategy that has been implemented, the advantages achieved by the school by implementing strategic management are already owned. What strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats are faced by the school has been analyzed and the strategic steps taken by the school in overcoming the threats of weaknesses, opportunities and threats faced by the school have been implemented
PENGARUH KEMAMPUAN LITERASI DIGITAL DAN TINGKAT RELIGIUSITAS SISWA TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR AKUNTANSI DI SMK BINTANG NUSANTARA SCHOOL
Authors: Dakun Dakun
Published: July 2024

Generation Z or known as the millennial generation can access, understand, evaluate, and communicate information using digital technology. With the increasing dependence of generation Z on technology in their personal life, digital literacy is an important skill that must be possessed by students to improve their learning outcomes. Generation Z tends to view the relationship between religion and religious practices in a relaxed manner compared to the following generations. This study wanted to examine the effect of digital literacy skills and students' level of religiosity on student learning outcomes. This research is quantitative research and data collection is done by direct observation, interviews, questionnaires, and tests. The results of this study indicate that digital literacy skills play an important role in influencing student learning outcomes and the level of student religiosity can motivate students to study harder it has an impact on student learning outcomes
PENGGUNAAN PENDEKATAN KONTEKSTUAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATERI SISTEM PERSAMAAN LINEAR DAN KUADRAT
Authors: Nurkomala Nani
Published: July 2024

A contextual approach is thought to be able to make students active in the learning process. Therefore, the researcher intends to carry out research using a contextual approach to the material on systems of linear and quadratic equations in class The aim of this research is to determine whether or not the contextual learning model can improve learning outcomes for students in class X Accounting 2 at SMK Negeri 1 Tasikmalaya for the 2022/2023 academic year. Classroom action research using descriptive research methods. The research subjects were 38 people in class X Accounting 2 of SMK Negeri 1 Tasikmalaya City. The research was carried out with 3 learning cycles. Data is collected by carrying out tests every cycle, daily tests, observations, and questionnaires. Based on the analysis of the collected data, it was concluded that using a contextual approach to the material on systems of linear and quadratic equations, the average aspect of understanding the problem was 93.65%, the aspect of planning the solution was 67.25%, the aspect of carrying out the solution was 87.69% and the aspect of checking the results 63.94 %. Learning with a contextual approach can improve students' abilities in solving problems in systems of linear and quadratic equations. This can be seen from the increase in average mastery of each cycle and daily test. From cycle I to cycle II it increased by 14.63% and from cycle II to cycle III it increased by 12.67%
MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI DAN HASIL BELAJAR PERHOTELAN MELALUI PENERAPAN METODE DEMONSTRASI PADA SISWA KELAS XI PERHOTELAN 2 SMK NEGERI 1 TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Kalsum Rani Novia
Published: July 2024

The problem of this research is: a) How does the demonstration method influence Hospitality learning motivation? b) How will Hospitality learning outcomes improve by implementing the demonstration method? The aims of this research are: a) Want to know the effect of motivation to learn Hospitality after applying the demonstration method, b) Want to know the increase in Hospitality learning outcomes after implementing the demonstration method. This type of research is action research in three rounds. Each round consists of four stages, namely: design, activities and observations, reflection, and revision. The target of this research is students of Class XI Hospitality 2 of SMK Negeri 1 Tasikmalaya. The data obtained is in the form of formative test results, observation sheets of teaching and learning activities. From the analysis results, it was found that student learning outcomes increased from cycle I to cycle III, namely, cycle I (72%), cycle II (83%), cycle III (89%). The conclusion of this research is that the demonstration method has a positive effect on the motivation and learning outcomes of class