bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOME EFFECTS OF 4-(MCPB) WHEN USED AS A SELECTIVE HERBICIDE ON CELERY GROWN ON ORGANIC SOIL
Authors: Jasmin J. J. , Coiteux J. S. F.
Published: March 2010

4-(MCPB) can safely be applied as a selective herbicide to celery plants at rates up to 36 ounces of pure acid per acre. Several varieties grown on organic soils have shown a great degree of tolerance to this hormone type of herbicide although the reaction was not the same for all varieties. There was little influence on the uptake of phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, calcium and magnesium by celery following the application of this herbicide. 4-(MCPB) does not influence the quality of celery or shorten its storage life when applied at rates ranging from 12 to 72 ounces of acid equivalent per acre.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF RANGE FORAGE PLANTS OF THE FESTUCA SCABRELLA ASSOCIATION
Authors: Johnston A. , Bezeau L. M.
Published: March 2010

Samples of the principal range forage plants of the Festuca scabrella association were analysed for crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, ash, calcium, phosphorus, and carotene. Twenty grasses at five stages of growth and ten herbaceous and shrubby species at three stages of growth were studied.Percentages of crude protein and phosphorus of all species decreased with advancing maturity while crude fiber and calcium increased. Carotene content of the grasses also decreased with advancing maturity but that of forbs and shrubs did not show a regular pattern. Forbs and shrubs were higher in crude protein, phosphorus, and carotene than the grasses at all stages of growth. Seasonal declines in percentages of crude protein and phosphorus were closely paralleled by a decline in the liveweight gains of cows grazing on these ranges throughout a 6-month grazing season. Because ample feed was available it appeared that quality rather than quantity of feed was responsible. The low phosphorus content of winter herbage indicated that a phosphorus supplement should be fed to range cattle during the winter and early spring month.
THE USE OF VERIFICATION TRIALS AS A METHOD OF RATING SEED CLASSES OF CLIMAX TIMOTHY
Authors: LeLacheur A. G.
Published: March 2010

Verification trials were made of 26 entries of pedigreed Climax timothy seed and two lots known not to be Climax. No significant differences in plant characteristics between entries could be determined in the year of seeding. In the second year significant differences were obtained between ratings based on a summation of maturity, growth form and height scores. The rating system appeared to be reliable in the determination of varietal purity.
ADULT PLANT REACTION TO STEM RUST OF LINES OF MARQUIS WHEAT WITH SUBSTITUTED GENES FOR RESISTANCE
Authors: Green G. J. , Knott D. R.
Published: March 2010

The adult plant reactions to eight races of stem rust were determined for nine lines of Marquis wheat carrying identified genes for stem rust resistance, three lines of the variety Chinese into which single chromosomes of Red Egyptian had been substituted, and six parental varieties. The adult plant reactions of the Marquis lines carrying the genes Sr6, Sr7, and Sr8 resembled the seedling reactions. The Marquis line carrying Sr9a from Kenya 117A and Sr9b from Red Egyptian were similar in adult plant reaction although they differed in seedling reaction to a culture of race 29-1 (Can.). Two lines of Marquis carrying Sr10 were resistant in the adult stage to races 56 and 29-1 (Can.) which can attack them in the seedling stage. The reactions of the substitution lines and the Marquis lines carrying the same genes were similar, although the substitution lines were more susceptible to some races.
A PORTABLE LIGHT FRAME FOR ARTIFICIAL ILLUMINATION OF PLANTS
Authors: Voisey Peter W. , Kalbfleisch W.
Published: March 2010

A portable high-intensity artificial light fixture was developed to secure the maximum in flexibility and utility in this type of expensive equipment. The frame is made of aluminum, the electrical switch gear is movable and the entire assembly can be located or installed at any location where there is a source of power.
NOTE ON A METHOD FOR SELECTING AND MAINTAINING UNIFORM MATURITY IN ONIONS
Authors: Walkof Chas.
Published: March 2010

not available
THE INHIBITORY INFLUENCE OF WATER EXTRACTS OF THREE ORGANIC MATERIALS ON SOYBEAN GERMINATION AND GROWTH IN SOIL AND SAND CULTURES
Authors: Miller M. H.
Published: March 2010

Water extracts of beef manure, poultry manure and alfalfa-bromegrass hay were prepared and fractionated into two fractions by adjusting the pH and separating the precipitate and supernare. These two fractions and the complete extract of each organic material were added to soil and sand cultures at three rates. Soybean plants were transplanted into the soil and sand cultures, and soybean seeds were placed in the sand cultures. The electrical conductivity of the treated soils and the osmotic pressure of the extracts were determined.The high rate of both the supernate and complete extracts of the beef and poultry manures caused a 25 to 50 per cent reduction in soybean growth in the soil medium. The alfalfa-bromegrass extracts had little influence on soybean growth nor did the precipitates of any of the extracts. The electrical conductivity of the soil accounted for 60 per cent of the reduction in growth. Germination and growth in the sand culture were completely prevented at the high rate of all extracts and were reduced to a lesser extent at the lower rates. This reduction appeared to be closely related to the osmotic pressure of the extracts. It was concluded that the salt content of the extracts was the main inhibitory factor.
ASSOCIATION OF SOME PLANT CHARACTERS IN INTERMEDIATE WHEATGRASS
Authors: Lawrence T.
Published: March 2010

Correlations between 17 plant characteristics in intermediate wheatgrass were determined. Few important relationships were found between these characteristics, suggesting that linkage relationships are small. Forage and seed yields were positively correlated, indicating that selection for one will not likely reduce the other. The data suggested that rated values as indicators of yield might be justified, and that the non-agronomic characters, foliage color and leaf pubescence could be useful as variety identification markers.
EFFECT OF COVER CROPS ON WINTER SURVIVAL, COMMON ROOT ROT, AND YIELD OF WINTER WHEAT
Authors: Smith A. D. , Horricks J. S. , Andrews J. E.
Published: March 2010

When four varieties of winter wheat (Yogo, Kharkov 22 M.C., Jones Fife, and Elgin) were sown into wheat, oat, or barley cover crops, the yields were lower than when they were sown on fallow. The yield of winter wheat sown into the different cover crops was highest in barley and lowest in wheat cover crop. When the growth of cover crops was abundant, the yield of winter wheat was reduced. Application of ammonium-phosphate-sulphate fertilizer (16-20-0) increased the yield of winter wheat and generally decreased the severity of common root rot. Winter survival was generally greater when winter wheat was sown into cover crops than when it was sown on fallow. Root rot was most severe in winter wheat sown into wheat cover and was progressively less severe when sown into fallow, barley, or oat cover. Neither blade-cultivating nor mowing the cover crop prior to seeding the winter wheat appreciably affected the yield.
AN EVALUATION OF CAPTAN SMOKE GENERATORS FOR CONTROLLING ROTS IN STORED TOMATOES
Authors: Lockhart C. L. , Eaves C. A.
Published: March 2010

Fungitoxic residues of captan were deposited on the surfaces of stored produce using an electrically operated smoke generator. Deposits were heavier on upper surfaces than on side or undersurfaces.The slope of the captan smoke deposit dosage-response curve was similar to that of captan, which indicated that the active ingredient was not destroyed during the smoking process.Deposits from captan smoke showed some promise for the control of tomato storage rots.
NOTE ON A FOLIAGE-SIMULATING TEST SURFACE FOR STUDIES ON THE EROSION OF INSECTICIDE DEPOSITS BY RAIN AND SPRINKLER IRRIGATION WATER
Authors: Pielou D. P. , Williams K.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON A SPRAYER ATTACHMENT FOR PLOT TRACTOR
Authors: Patterson L. A.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON A HOT WATER THEATER FOR SMALL SAMPLES OF LOOSE SMUT INFECTED SEED
Authors: Kemp J. G. , Loiselle R. , Kalbpueisch W.
Published: March 2010

not available
SPLOTCH, A PHYSIOLOGICAL LEAF DISEASE OF WHEAT: I. NUTRITIONAL STUDIES
Authors: Sallans B. J. , Tinline R. D.
Published: March 2010

A leaf disease observed in Golden Ball and other durum wheats for a number of years is described and named splotch. It was reproduced in the greenhouse by growing these varieties in nitrogen-deficient soils and was reduced or prevented by the use of nitrate fertilizers. Chemical analysis of leaves demonstrated that splotch increased as the total nitrogen decreased below 4 per cent. Phosphatic fertilizers were found to influence splotch, sometimes increasing it, especially where yields were increased, and at other times decreasing it. Their effects are considered to be indirect and related to the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus. The addition of the minor elements boron, manganese, magnesium, iron, zinc, molybdenum, and copper to the soil as a mixture increased splotch.
CONTROL OF THE TURNIP MAGGOT, HYLEMYA FLORALIS (FALL.) (DIPTERA: ANTHOMYIIDAE), IN RUTABAGAS
Authors: Stewart W. W. A.
Published: March 2010

Three spray treatments of heptachlor at 4 pounds, dieldrin at 4 pounds, or endrin at 2 pounds in 80 gallons of water per acre in a 12-inch band centered on the rutabaga row eliminated maggots of Hylemya floralis (Fall.) about the roots and prevented damage by the maggots, when applied at intervals of 10 or 11 days beginning within 2 or 3 days after the start of oviposition. Residues of dieldrin were below and those of endrin were above the legal tolerances in Canada. Residues of heptachlor (epoxide not determined) were below the legal tolerance. A single soil band treatment of heptachlor, dieldrin or aldrin dust at 5 pounds per acre, applied in a 12-inch band on the seeded rows and incorporated immediately into the top [Formula: see text] to 1 inch of soil, gave similar control, but insecticide residues in the rutabaga were not determined. None of the treatments was phytotoxic.
SPECIES TRIALS WITH OILSEED PLANTS: II. CAMELINA
Authors: Plessers A. G. , McGregor W. G. , Carson R. B. , Nakoneshny W.
Published: March 2010

Camelina, a member of the mustard family, exceeded flax and rape in yield of seed per acre at Ottawa, Ontario, and at Fort Vermilion, Alberta. The oil content of the 10 varieties in the test ranged from 34.3 to 38.7 per cent at Ottawa and from 37.1 to 42.0 per cent at Fort Vermilion. The average fatty acid composition in percentage of methyl esters was: palmitate 5.0; stearate 2.1; behenic 1.7; palmitoleic, trace; oleic 14.8; linoleic 16.4; linolenic 36.1; eicosenoic 17.5; eicosadienoic 2.3; erucic 3.7. The seed contained 33.1 per cent protein, 9.6 per cent crude fiber, only a trace of isothiocyanate, and no thiooxazolidone.Camelina matured 3 to 4 weeks earlier than flax. This is a valuable characteristic for northern areas as it would prevent damage by early fall frost and would permit extending the northern limits of the oilseed-producing area.
NOTE ON EGG-LAYING RESPONSE OF TWO SPECIES OF ROOT MAGGOTS ON TURNIPS BRED FOR RESISTANCE TO THE CABBAGE ROOT MAGGOT, HYLEMYA BRASSICAE (BOUCHÉ)
Authors: Pond D. D. , Dionne L. A. , White R. G. , Moore C. A.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON GERMINATION OF CROWN RUST TELIOSPORES AND INFECTION OF BUCKTHORN
Authors: Dinoors A.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON VIRUS-LIKE SYMPTOMS INDUCED ON YOUNG CUCUMBER LEAVES BY PRUNUS SAP
Authors: George J. A. , Tremaine J. H.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON SOIL COOLING APPARATUS FOR THE GREENHOUSE
Authors: Warren F. S. , Langille J. E.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON TIMERS TO CONTROL ILLUMINATION CYCLES IN PLANT RESEARCH
Authors: Voisey Peter W. , Kalbfleisch W.
Published: March 2010

not available
CLONAL PROPAGATION OF WHEAT PLANTS FOR THE EVALUATION OF YIELD
Authors: White W. J.
Published: March 2010

Plants of wheat were cloned and the clonal units transplanted to the field. Mortality was 3 per cent in 1960 and 18 per cent in 1961. A high percentage of the clonal units retillered profusely and produced considerable grain. Differences in yield and its components between units of a clone were non-significant in 1960 but significant differences in number of heads occurred in 1961. Based on the clonal test, varietal differences in yield and its components were significant in 1960 and conformed to known performance. The clonal test established that each of the two varieties was heterogeneous for yielding ability. Significant differences in yield and its components were found between clones. In the seeded small plot test of the next generation significant differences again occurred. Correlations between clonal and small plot yield performance were highly significant.
EXPERIMENTS WITH SOME NATIVE AND INTRODUCED PLANTS AS FOODS FOR CAMNULA PELLUCIDA (SCUDD.) (ORTHOPTERA: ACRIDIDAE) IN WESTERN CANADA
Authors: Putnam L. G.
Published: March 2010

In field cage experiments, 17 native and introduced grasses and a native sedge, grown in pure culture, differed in their effect on the growth, survival and rate of population increase of the clear-winged grasshopper, Camnula pellucida. In terms of eggs deposited, Festuca rubra permitted a 24-lold population increase in a 1-year test; in tests repeated in 2 consecutive years, Agropyron elongatum, A. cristatum, Elymus junceus, Poa pratensis and P. compressa produced average annual increases of 10- to 18-fold; A. intermedium, A. dasystachyum, A. trachycaulum var. typicum, A. riparium, Poa ampla, and Bromus inermis, 3- to 8-fold. Agropyron smithii, Elymus canadensis, Stipa spartea, S. viridula, Bouteloua gracilis and Carex stenophylla var. enervis (1 year’s results), 2-fold or less. Percentage survival to the adult stage, rate of development, and apparently, robustness, were all positively correlated with population increase, but not strongly.
THE DAMAGE POTENTIAL OF SOME GRASSHOPPERS (ORTHOPTERA: ACRIDIDAE) OF THE NATIVE GRASSLANDS OF BRITISH COLUMBIA
Authors: Putnam L. G.
Published: March 2010

In caged plot experiments in the native grasslands of the Interior of the province of British Columbia, feeding during the whole nymphal life of the grasshopper Camnula pellucida reduced the yield of Poa pratensis by 5.1 pounds per acre for each grasshopper per square yard. For each unit of infestation of 1 young adult grasshopper per square yard, 1.0 pound per acre per day was destroyed. The corresponding figures for Amphitornus coloradus on Stipa comata were 3.5 and 0.57 pounds per acre. First-instar nymphs of the migratory grasshopper Melanoplus bilituratus failed to survive when confined to S. comata; nymphs in subsequent stages, that had previously fed on other foods, did not thrive on S. comata, and each unit of infestation of 1 per square yard finally reduced yields not more than 2.6 pounds per acre. The results suggest that, where a single chemical control treatment is desired, it should not be delayed past the third instar as the modal developmental stage.
INFLUENCES OF LATENT VIRUSES ON VIGOR, YIELD AND QUALITY OF BRITISH SOVEREIGN STRAWBERRIES
Authors: Freeman Jack A. , Mellor Frances C.
Published: March 2010

Comparison of the effect of two strains of mottle virus, two strains of veinbanding virus, and latent-A virus, alone and in combination, on vigor, yield and quality of British Sovereign strawberry plants grown under two planting systems showed: 1. Vigor was reduced by infection by a single virus and still further reduced by two viruses; 2. Yield was reduced by virus infection, especially during the first fruiting year when plants were grown under the hill system; 3. Fruit size was reduced only by virus combinations; 4. Fruit quality was affected only by veinbanding, which increased the total acid content and tended to reduce sugar content.
ORGANOPHOSPHATE COMPOUNDS FOR THE CONTROL OF THE ONION MAGGOT, HYLEMYA ANTIQUA (MEIGEN) (DIPTERA: ANTHOMYIIDAE) RESISTANT TO CYCLODIENE INSECTICIDES IN SOUTHWESTERN QUEBEC
Authors: Perron J. P. , Lafrance J.
Published: March 2010

Diazinon and V-C-13 granular formulations, applied as furrow treatments at the rate of 1 and 2 pounds toxicant per acre, and diazinon wettable powder as seed treatment at [Formula: see text] ounces toxicant per pound of seed, effectively controlled populations of the onion maggot, Hylemya antiqua (Meigen) resistant to cyclodiene insecticides in southwestern Quebec, in both mineral and organic soils. EN 18133 granular formulation was also very effective but caused a slight delay in germination without, however, affecting the stand or decreasing the yield to any extent. Ethion, Trithion and Guthion granular formulations as furrow treatments at either 1 or 2 pounds toxicant per acre, and also as wettable powder seed treatments at the rate of 1 ounce toxicant per pound of seed, were significantly inferior to Diazinon, V-C-13 and EN 18133. Dylox water soluble powder, applied as a drench post-emergence treatment at 4 pounds toxicant per acre, gave poor control.
GENE EFFECTS IN CORN (ZEA MAYSL.): III. RELATIVE STABILITY OF THE GENE EFFECTS IN DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Gamble Edwin E.
Published: March 2010

Six inbred lines of corn and their F1’s, F2’s, and backcrosses were tested at two locations in each of 2 years. The population means obtained were used to estimate additive, dominance, additive × additive, additive × dominance, and dominance × dominance gene effects for six quantitative attributes.Variance components of cross × environment interactions indicated the presence of major interactions of gene effects with environments. The cross × year interactions were of major importance but the cross × location interactions were of minor importance. Additive gene effects appeared to be the most constant over environments followed by additive × dominance gene effects. The remaining types of gene effects indicated very little stability over environments for most of the attributes studied. Estimates of gene effects were most constant over environments for ear diameter in corn while yield, plant height, and seed weight showed little or no stability of the estimates of the gene effects.
A STUDY OF THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EARLINESS, FRUIT SIZE AND EARLY YIELD IN DETERMINATE TOMATOES
Authors: Beknier C. C. , Ferguson A. C.
Published: March 2010

The association between fifteen developmental characters and earliness, fruit size and early yield in six determinate tomato varieties was studied in 1958 to evaluate these characters as selection criteria. The number of ripe fruit produced by September 1 was used as the measure of earliness and the weight of ripe fruit as the measure of early yield.Number of fruit set on July 1 and on July 15 were associated with earliness and early yield in all varieties. In four varieties, days to three ripe fruit was negatively correlated with earliness; the association being strongest in the later varieties. Little association existed between earliness and days to first flower or days to first ripe fruit.Early yield was strongly associated with weight of first four ripe fruit in five varieties and with weight of ripe fruit produced on the first cluster, in three varieties. Fruit weight data taken at earlier stages showed little if any association with early yield.This study indicates that early large-fruited, high-yielding tomato lines can be selected through combining information on early fruit set and size of the first four ripe fruit.
EFFECT OF SUMMER FALLOWING ON THE ROOT LESION NEMATODE PRATYLENCHUS PENETRANS (COBB) AND YIELD OF FLUE-CURED TOBACCO IN ONTARIO
Authors: Mountain W. B. , Elliot J. M.
Published: March 2010

Field experiments showed that disking of rye straw in early June, rather than at the normal time in mid-July, reduced the population of the root lesion nematode in the roots of the subsequent crop of tobacco as effectively as nematicides. However, summer fallowing tended to lower the nitrogen content of the soil and supplementary nitrogen was required to obtain normal yields of tobacco.
REACTION OF BARLEY VARIETIES AND HYBRIDS TO INFESTATION BY THE BARLEY JOINTWORM, HARMOLITA HORDEI (HARRIS)
Authors: Sterling J. D. E. , MacLaren R. B. , Cannon F. M.
Published: March 2010

From 1946 to 1955, eighty-nine barley varieties were studied in the field in Prince Edward Island for their reaction to the barley jointworm, Harmolita hordei (Harris). Seven were classified as highly resistant, ten were resistant, thirty-seven were intermediate and contained many resistant plants, and thirty-five were highly susceptible. Studies of segregating populations indicated that resistance was readily transferred. Use of joint-worm adults, reared in incubators from naturally infested straw, was not an effective means of studying resistance in field cages.
WHITE SURFACE MULCH EFFECT ON GROWTH OF SWEET CLOVER (MELILOTUS OFFICINALUS L.) IN THE GREENHOUSE
Authors: Ashford R. , Read D. W. L.
Published: March 2010

Effect of white Styrofoam mulch on the growth of sweet clover in the greenhouse was studied at two levels of phosphorus fertilizer and with three methods of watering. The use of mulch significantly increased dry matter yield and uptake of applied phosphorus. When phosphorus was not limiting, self-irrigated pots of soil produced better growth than pots which were watered manually.A [Formula: see text] layer of Styrofoam served a dual purpose under the conditions of this test. Pots of soil with mulch not only gave a marked response in growth, but they also required less than one-third as much water to produce 1 gram of dry matter as pots with a bare soil surface. The possibility that the light reflected by Styrofoam increased photosynthetic activity in the sweet clover is being studied further.
ORGANIC ACIDS OF FORAGES ENSILED WITH AND WITHOUT SODIUM METABISULPHITE AT VARYING LEVELS OF COMPACTION AND DRY MATTER
Authors: Shearer D. A. , Cordukes W. E.
Published: March 2010

The organic acids of legume silages were greatly affected by the ensiling conditions. The volatile acids were low and lactic acid was high in silages from medium to high dry matter forages ensiled at moderate to high initial compaction. Bisulphite had little effect on the acid contents of such silages. Butyric acid was high and lactic acid was low in silages from low dry matter forages ensiled at low compaction. Bisulphite reduced the butyric and increased the lactic acid contents of these silages.
THE INHERITANCE OF LOOSE SMUT RESISTANCE.: II. THE INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE IN THREE BARLEY VARIETIES IMMUNE TO RACE 2
Authors: Larter E. N.
Published: March 2010

The inheritance of smut resistance in two introductions of Abyssinian origin, Abyssinian (C.I. 668) and an unnamed variety C.I. 5798, as well as a variety of unknown origin, Kitchin (C.I. 1296), was the subject of study.From the results it was concluded that resistance in each variety is governed by a single dominant gene and that this one gene is common to all three varieties. Moreover, the varieties Steudelli (C.I. 2266) and Jet (C.I. 967), which were shown from a previous study to possess one and two dominant genes for resistance respectively, were found to possess the same gene as the three resistant stocks under study.
THE ROOT-LESION NEMATODE, PRATYLENCHUS PENETRANS (COBB, 1917) FILIP. & STEK., 1941, IN STRAWBERRY IN THE NIAGARA PENINSULA AND NORFOLK COUNTY IN ONTARIO
Authors: Townshend J. L.
Published: March 2010

Pratylenchus penetrans (Cobb, 1917) Filip. & Stek., 1941, and Paratylenchus projectus Jenkins, 1956, were the predominant plant parasitic nematodes associated with strawberry in the Niagara Peninsula and Norfolk County in Ontario from 1956 to 1960. However, P. penetrans was the only nematode whose occurrence could be correlated with a specific type of root lesion and with stunting. The lesions it caused on the roots were elliptical and amber to dark brown. All strawberry varieties examined were infected with P. penetrans. Under controlled conditions large numbers of P. penetrans were required to produce stunting. The amount of growth was inversely proportional to the density of the initial nematode population.
NOTE ON FALL CUTTING OF ASPARAGUS ON ORGANIC SOILS IN SOUTHWESTERN QUEBEC
Authors: Jasmin J. J. , Laliberte J.
Published: March 2010

not available
EFFECTS OF WEATHER ON EVAPORATION FROM BELLANI PLATES AND EVAPOTRANSPIRATION FROM LYSIMETERS
Authors: Wilcox J. C.
Published: March 2010

Evaporation and evapotranspiration were measured in 1958 and 1959. Bellani plate evaporimeters proved to be just as reliable as Class A pans and more convenient. Evapotranspiration was determined on alfalfa, ladino clover and brome grass growing in lysimeters. Temperature, radiation, wind and dew-point were also determined. On a daily or weekly basis, temperature gave the highest correlations with evapotranspiration, but on a 2-hour basis radiation gave the highest correlations. All four weather elements were found by partial correlation to have highly significant effects on both evaporation and evapotranspiration. Their effects on evaporation were quite similar to their effects on evapotranspiration. It is concluded that, if weather records are used to estimate evapotranspiration, all four of them should be used. Judging by the direct correlations, better estimates of evapotranspiration can be obtained using evaporation records than using any one weather record by itself.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF DIPLOID AUTOTETRAPLOID BARLEY VARIETIES
Authors: Sosulski F. W. , Larter E. N.
Published: March 2010

Although the forages from six autotetraploid barley varieties harvested at the 5-leaf and mature stages of growth contained slightly more crude protein, their feeding value appeared inferior to diploid barley forages because of a lower dry matter and mineral content. Autotetraploid seeds exceeded the diploids by about one-third in percentage of crude protein, crude fiber, potassium, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium but were lower in moisture and nitrogen-free extract. A greater proportion of hulls was a contributing factor in the higher crude fiber and ash content of the autotetraploids. On the basis of their chemical composition, the autotetraploid seeds would make excellent livestock feeds.Prediction tests indicated that, in spite of the large seed and exceptionally high diastatic activity in the autotetraploids, their yield of barley extract would be too low for malting purposes.
EFFECT OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION ON WILD OATS AND SPRING WHEAT
Authors: Sexsmith J. J. , Russell G. C.
Published: March 2010

Spring wheat, with fertilizer applied in the drill rows, was grown in wild-oat-infested stubble on a Shallow Lethbride loam soil for 4 years, Phosphorus had no measurable effect on the height, straw weight, seed yield, or number of wild-oat plants. In contrast, nitrogen increased the number of seed-bearing stems, plant height, straw weight, and seed yield, but did not change the wild-oat stand. Wheat yields were increased by nitrogen and further increased by the addition of phosphorus at the rate of 20 pounds of P2O5 per acre in 3 of the 4 years. Measured bushel weight of the wheat increased with nitrogen fertilizer additions and was further increased by phosphorus except at the high rate of both materials. Fertilizer applications, under conditions similar to those encountered in this test, may be useful for increasing wheat production, but only at the expense of producing increased quantities of wild-oat seed.
THE IN VITRO DIGESTIBILITY OF WHOLE GRASSES AND THEIR PARTS AT PROGRESSIVE STAGES OF MATURITY
Authors: Pritchard G. I. , Folkins L. P. , Pigden W. J.
Published: March 2010

The in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVD) of timothy, orchard, brome, reed canary, tall fescue and mountain rye grasses decreased at the rate of approximately 0.5 per cent per day throughout the growing season. The most rapid decline in IVD began with head emergence. The earliest maturing grasses tended to be higher in IVD than the other grasses at the flowering stage. The decline in IVD as the season progressed was observed in all portions of the plant, the rate of decline for the heads and stems being greater than for the leaves. The upper segments of the stems tended to have a lower IVD than the basal segments.
CHANGES IN SULPHUR, PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM CONTENT OF ALFALFA WITH SOIL ZONE
Authors: Mason J. L. , Miltimore J. E. , Ryswyk A. L. van
Published: March 2010

Alfalfa harvested at 1/10 bloom from 210 fields in the semi-arid Okanagan district of British Columbia was analysed for sulphur, phosphorus and potassium content. The results were classified through the sequence of soil zones from Brown, Dark Brown and Black grassland to Podsolic. Sulphur content declined from 0.30 per cent to 0.29, 0.26 and 0.20 per cent for the four soil zones respectively. Phosphorus content increased from 0.25 per cent to 0.28, 0.27 and 0.32 per cent. Potassium content increased from 2.6 per cent to 2.8, 2.8 and 3.0 per cent.
NOTE ON AERATION OF COLCHICINE SOLUTION IN THE TREATMENT OF GERMINATING BLUEBERRY SEEDS TO INDUCE POLYPLOIDY
Authors: Aalders L. E. , Hall I. V.
Published: March 2010

not available
MORPHOLOGY AND HISTOLOGY OF PINCHED ROOT TIPS OF GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L. SEEDLINGS GROWN FROM DETERIORATED SEEDS
Authors: Hunter R. E. , Presley J. T.
Published: March 2010

Cottonseeds of the variety Stoneville 62 were artificially deteriorated until most of the germinating seeds produced abnormal seedlings characterized by pinched root tips. In growth-rate studies, root tips of seedlings from deteriorated seeds which showed pinching at 72 hours made very little linear growth at 96 hours compared to those of seedlings from high quality seeds.The lack of cell division and cell elongation in the root tip and the apparently normal growth of tissues above the affected zone produced the externally visible pinching effect.A small proportion of pinched root tips developed from cottonseed deteriorated in storage or under field conditions. Since the pinched root tip occurred in naturally as well as in artificially deteriorated seed and not in high quality seed, it is assumed that the pinched root tip represents one stage of deterioration. The tip of the primary radicle appears to be the first portion of the seedling to show the effect of deterioration. It is suggested that the use of artificially deteriorated cottonseeds which produce a high yield of pinched root tips would provide excellent material for histochemical techniques in studying the causes of seed deterioration.
METHODS FOR RAPID DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF SINGLE SEEDS AND SEED SAMPLES AND THE CORRELATION OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY WITH OIL CONTENT
Authors: Pawlowski S. H.
Published: March 2010

The specific gravities of seed of 14 safflower varieties were determined by three methods and correlated with oil percentages. Displacing a weighed quantity of seed in. water or mercury proved to be an accurate method of determining the specific gravity of seed samples. However, displacement in mercury is a more rapid method. The specific gravity of individual seeds or seed particles was determined rapidly with a density gradient tube but this method was not practical with large seed samples.A correlation coefficient of r = − 0.91 (P < 0.01) was obtained between specific gravity and oil content of safflower embryos. The correlation coefficients between specific gravity and oil percentage in flax seed, rapeseed, and dehulled sunflowers were −0.90, −0.84, and −0.90 (P < 0.01), respectively.
A HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF SEED SHATTERING IN REED CANARY GRASS
Authors: Bonin S. G. , Goplen B. P.
Published: March 2010

Individual spikelets of reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) were examined histologically to determine the mechanism of seed shattering. It was observed that shattering is a two-stage process, involving disarticulation of the rachilla approximately 12 days after anthesis, followed by subsequent release of the seed from the glumes. In both high- and low-shattering greenhouse-grown material no spikelets were observed histologically in which the seed was still attached later than 14 days after anthesis. In low-shattering clones the glumes retained the seed within the spikelet. No clear-cut histological differences in glume structure were observed between high- and low-shattering clones. The presence of a constriction at the base of the glumes of some spikelets of high-shattering clones requires further investigation since this indicates the possibility of selection based on glume morphology. Differences in glume length and seed weight among clones were not significantly correlated with shattering percentage. However, within clones, shattered seeds were heavier than non-shattered seeds.
NOTE ON THE EFFECT OF CO2 AND O2 MIXTURES ON THE GROWTH OF APPLE SCAB CULTURES
Authors: Julien J. B. , Phillips W. R.
Published: March 2010

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NOTE ON THE TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION WITHIN AN OAT CROP
Authors: Cordukes W. E. , Robertson G. W.
Published: March 2010

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NOTE ON EARLINORTH TOMATO
Authors: Nonnecke I. L. , Kemp G. A.
Published: March 2010

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THE DIFFERENTIAL RESPONSE OF STRAINS OF WILD CARROT TO 2,4-D AND RELATED HERBICIDES
Authors: Whitehead C. W. , Switzer C. M.
Published: March 2010

Studies were conducted on the effect of 2,4-D and some related herbicides on a susceptible and a resistant strain of wild carrot (Daucus corota L.). When treated with 2,4-D, 4-(2,4-DB) or 4-(MCPB), plants of the susceptible strain died within a few weeks while those of die resistant strain recovered after showing severe injury symptoms. Treatment with 2,4,5-T or silvex killed both the susceptible and resistant strains.Seeds of the two strains, placed in various concentrations of 2,4-D, showed no differences in germination or radicle growth after 7 days. However, sprays of 2,4-D on seedlings just after emergence produced the differential response. Resistance appeared to develop between germination and the cotyledon stage of growth.There were no differences in the effect of 2,4-D on the respiration of whole tissue of the susceptible and resistant wild carrots.
THE INFLUENCE OF SOME FUNGICIDES ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SPRAYS OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS BERLINER
Authors: Jaques R. P.
Published: March 2010

The effect of five common orchard fungicides, captan, dodine, dichlone, glyodin, and a mercuric acetate eradicant, on the activity of a wettable powder preparation of spores of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner was studied in the laboratory, orchard, and field, using pests of apple and cabbage as test insects. Glyodin was the only one of the fungicides tested in the laboratory that significantly reduced the activity of the spores against larvae of the eastern tent caterpillar, Malacosoma americanum (Fabricius), and the winter moth, Operophthera brumata (Linnaeus). In the orchard and field tests the combining of glyodin or dodine with sprays of the spores reduced mortality of larvae of the winter moth, the imported cabbageworm, Pieris rapae (Linnaeus), and the diamondback moth, Plutella maculipennis (Curtis).
A COMPARISON OF METHODS OF EVALUATING RUSSIAN WILD RYEGRASS FOR SEEDLING VIGOR
Authors: Lawrence T.
Published: March 2010

Twelve clonal lines of Russian wild ryegrass and the polycross seed from them were used for this study. The lines were evaluated for seedling vigor in the greenhouse, field, and laboratory. Seedling vigor was assessed on the basis of emergence from three depths of seeding, speed of germination, and relative root growth in glass tubes.Seed size of the parental clones and emergence of their progenies from a [Formula: see text]-inch seeding depth showed positive correlations of +0.76 and +0.83 in the greenhouse and field, respectively. Emergence from shallow seedings and relative root growth in glass tubes did not vary sufficiently to provide measured differentiation in seedling vigor. Speed of germination showed some indication that it might be used to determine seedling vigor.Selecting large-seeded lines and subjecting them to deep seeding in either the greenhouse or field is suggested as a suitable method of incorporating seedling vigor into a breeding program.
THE INFLUENCE OF SEED SIZE AND SEEDING RATE ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF BARLEY
Authors: Demirlicakmak Ahmet , Kaufmann M. L. , Johnson L. P. V.
Published: March 2010

Field experiments with three seed sizes and three seeding rates of each of three barley varieties were conducted in 1959 and 1960 at Edmonton and Lacombe, Alberta. Data were obtained on emergence, culm counts, grain yields, and 1000-kernel weights. Although there was no effect of seed size on emergence, the culm counts and yields were highest for large seed and lowest for small seed over all rates, varieties, and tests. The differences between yields from large and small seed decreased slightly as the seeding rate increased, but the seeding-rate × seed-size interaction was not statistically significant. There were varietal differences in yield response to seeding rates. It was, therefore, concluded that seeding rates in test plots should conform to those used in farming practice. The rate of seeding had a significant influence on 1000-kernel weights. The lowest rate produced the heaviest kernels and the highest rate produced the lightest kernels in each of four tests. Tillering capacity alone was a poor indicator of resulting yields. Results from further experiments, involving four seed categories of nine varieties in two tests, corroborated the above findings.
FURTHER STUDIES ON RESISTANCE OF BARLEY VARIETIES TO THE APHID RHOPALOSIPHUM PADI (L.)
Authors: Hsu Sze-Jih , Robinson A. G.
Published: March 2010

Seventy-eight of three hundred and thirty-eight barley varieties tested in the greenhouse showed some resistance (antibiosis or tolerance) to the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (L.). When the 78 varieties were retested m the field, 29 demonstrated both antibiosis and tolerance. No varieties tested were completely immune to the aphid. Fourteen varieties which had shown resistance in field tests in 1961 were retested in 1962, and all continued to demonstrate both antibiosis and tolerance. About 9.1 per cent of 474 varieties tested in 1961 or 1962 from the Canadian Genetic Stock of Barley may be regarded as source material for breeding for resistance to R. padi.
LUTTE CHIMIQUE CONTRE LA HERNIE, PLASMODIOPHORA BRASSICAE WOR., DES CRUCIFERES EN SOLS MINERAL ET ORGANIQUE
Authors: Crête R. , Laliberté J. , Jasmin J. J.
Published: March 2010

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NOTE ON PHYTOTOXICITY AND PERSISTENCE OF POLYBUTENES
Authors: Downing R. S. , Williams K.
Published: March 2010

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NOTE ON A METHOD OF INDUCING SEED PRODUCTION IN DWARF WHEAT PLANTS
Authors: Canvin David T. , Evans L. E.
Published: March 2010

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NOTE ON AN OFFSET TRACTOR-MOUNTED SPREADER FOR APPLYING GRANULAR HERBICIDES IN SHELTERBELTS
Authors: Clarke H. , Grover R.
Published: March 2010

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NOTE ON THE MODIFICATION OF A SOIL PENETROMETER FOR MEASURING SPONGINESS OF TURF
Authors: Bigsby F. W. , Kilcher M. R.
Published: March 2010

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NOTE ON PROVIDING A DIURNAL, SINUSOIDAL CYCLE IN GREENHOUSE TEMPERATURE
Authors: King K. M. , Sheard R. W. , Miller M. H.
Published: March 2010

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THE EFFECT OF TCA ON GREEN FOXTAIL IN COMPETITION WITH CEREALS
Authors: Dryden R. D. , Whitehead C. W.
Published: March 2010

In 1960, 1961 and 1962 the sodium salt of trichloroacetic acid was applied at rates up to 8 pounds per acre to seeded infestations of green foxtail (Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.) in crops of Rodney oats, Parkland barley and Selkirk wheat. Treatments were applied when the crop plants had 3 or 4 leaves and the weeds 1 or 2 leaves. Oats and barley yields were not affected by any rate of TCA used. Wheat yields were reduced by all rates of TCA above 2 pounds per acre. The numbers of foxtail plants in the oats were not greatly reduced by any of the TCA treatments but 6 pounds per acre in wheat and 3 pounds per acre in barley killed 50 per cent or more of the plants. Foxtail growth was suppressed by all treatments; the degree of suppression increased with increasing rates. This suppression failed to result in increased crop yields because of the low level of the foxtail infestations. TCA at 3 pounds per acre prevented seed production of foxtail in wheat and oats, but only 1 pound per acre was needed to accomplish this in the more competitive barley crop. The effectiveness of the TCA treatments was influenced by the competitive ability of the cereal crop, being greatest with barley and least with wheat. The prevention of seed formation with TCA has an important practical application in the eventual elimination of foxtail seeds in the soil.
THE EFFECT OF TOBACCO MOSAIC ON THE YIELD OF FIELD TOMATOES AS INFLUENCED BY SPRAYS OF MILK AND DOSS
Authors: Denby Lyall G. , Wilks Jack M.
Published: March 2010

An 80 per cent infection of TMV reduced early yields by 34 per cent compared with uninoculated, apparently healthy check plants evincing 18 per cent non-apparent infection. When plants were thoroughly sprayed with milk and allowed to dry prior to inoculation and pulling, transplanting was successful and convenient, virus spread was reduced by 41 per cent, and early marketable yields were increased significantly over those of unsprayed inoculated plants. Dipping tomato plants in milk, after pulling from the seed-bed and before planting in the field, reduced spread of tobacco mosaic, but caused severe wilting and subsequent death of many of the transplants. DOSS (Dioctyl sodium sulfo-succinate) was as effective as milk in reducing spread of the virus, but was less effective in sustaining early yields.
FUNGICIDAL CONTROL OF FRUIT AND FOLIAGE DISEASES OF STRAWBERRY IN NOVA SCOTIA
Authors: Gourley C. O.
Published: March 2010

The fungicides captan, dodine, PMA and thiram were used in a field trial for the control of gray mold fruit rot, calyx infections and leaf spot on the strawberry varieties Catskill, Cavalier, Redcoat and Sparkle, and for leaf spot on Louise. Catskill and Redcoat are more susceptible to Botrytis gray mold than Cavalier and Sparkle. A varietal reaction to fungicides was shown by the higher yields obtained on Catskill and Redcoat with thiram and on Cavalier and Sparkle with captan. Most treatments reduced hull infections on all varieties. Thiram was the best material for the control of leaf spot. Disease control was not enhanced by a dormant application of PMA or by the addition of dodine to captan or thiram.
STUDIES ON SUNFLOWER RUST: IV. TWO GENES, R1 AND R2 FOR RESISTANCE IN THE HOST
Authors: Putt Eric D. , Sackston W. E.
Published: March 2010

Crosses were made between rust-resistant sunflower plants, from sources 22, 88 and 307, and susceptible inbred lines or varieties. The resistance in all three sources was derived from wild annual sunflowers from Renner, Texas. Seedlings of progenies from the crosses segregated in a ratio of three resistant to one susceptible, when one parent was resistant to the rust cultures used, and in a ratio of fifteen resistant to one susceptible when both parents were resistant. There appears to be a dominant gene for resistance, R1, in source 22, and a non-allelic dominant gene for resistance, R2, in source 88 and 307. Occasional aberrant ratios may be due to unidentified genes exerting minor effects in the host plants, variations in environmental factors, or the interaction of these with specific cultures of rust.
NEW GENES FOR WRINKLED OR DIMPLED SEED IN PEAS
Authors: Marshall H. H.
Published: March 2010

The inheritance of wrinkled seed of peas (Pisum sativum L.) was studied in the F1, F2, and F3 generations of crosses involving the wrinkled seeded varieties Br. 2-10-6, P.I. 116844C, P.I. 195024C, P.I. 210601 and P.I. 210665, and the round seeded variety P.I. 206823. It was concluded that Br. 2-10-6, P.I. 116844C, P.I. 195024C, and P.I. 210601 have the classical r gene for wrinkled seed and that wrinkling in P.I. 210665 is the result of two partly recessive genes. The latter both differ from the r gene. Complex ratios occurred in the F2 and F3 generations of crosses involving P.I. 210665 and other wrinkled parents.
MAGNETISM AND PLANT GROWTH: I. EFFECT ON GERMINATION AND EARLY GROWTH OF CEREAL SEEDS
Authors: Pittman U. J.
Published: March 2010

Seeds of Chinook wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), Compana barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), Victory oats (Avena sativa L.), common fall rye (Secale cereale L.), and Redwood flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) germinated faster and grew more in 48 hours when they were oriented longitudinally parallel to the lines of force in a magnetic field than when orientated horizontally at right angles to those lines of force. Growth responses of approximately the same nature and magnitude were obtained when the orientation treatment during germination was relative to the direction of the lines of force of either the geomagnetic or an introduced magnetic field.
ATMOSPHERIC FLUORIDE LEVELS IN SOME ONTARIO PEACH ORCHARDS
Authors: Drowley W. B. , Rayner A. C. , Jephcott C. M.
Published: March 2010

As a result of suture injury to peaches, a survey was taken to determine monthly atmospheric fluoride levels in the soft fruit-growing area of the Niagara Peninsula of Ontario. Although the injury was confined to a few orchards, it was found necessary to locate stations for fluoride sampling over a wide area. The limed-paper candle method was used for fluoride collection. Unwashed and washed peach leaves were analysed for fluoride content. Fluoride was separated from all samples by the Willard-Winter distillation procedure and estimated colorimetrically.It was found that a general background level of atmospheric fluoride existed in the whole surveyed area and that the levels were highest in and near the area of peach injury. The fluoride content of peach leaves was also highest in this area.The coincidence of high fluoride levels and suture injury to peaches suggests that atmospheric fluoride was the causal agent.When lime sprays were applied to peach trees in the damaged area, a reduction in the incidence of suture injury was observed.
THE MICRO-CLIMATE OF FRUIT TREES: I. LIGHT MEASUREMENTS WITH URANYL OXALATE ACTINOMETERS
Authors: Heinicke Don R.
Published: March 2010

A light meter using uranyl oxalate actinometry has been developed for use in studies of tree micro-climate. The method is based on the photo-destruction of oxalic acid in the presence of uranyl sulphate. The total amount of oxalic acid destroyed is determined by titration with deci-normal potassium permanganate. A linear relationship between the actinometer readings and gm. cal. day−1cm.−2, as recorded by an Eppley pyrheliometer, was shown on bright days. A similar relationship was shown with time of exposure at a fixed light intensity. In micro-climate studies many readings of integrated light values can be taken with this inexpensive light measuring device.
NOTE ON ESTIMATION OF LEAF AREA AND LEAF DISTRIBUTION IN FRUIT TREES
Authors: Heinicke Don R.
Published: March 2010

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NOTE ON CONTROL OF THE IMPORTED CABBAGEWORM PIERIS RAPAE (L.) ON CAULIFLOWER
Authors: Fox C. J. S.
Published: March 2010

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NOTE ON A FLOTATION METHOD FOR SEGREGATION OF WATER CORE APPLES
Authors: Porritt S. W. , McMechan A. D. , Williams K.
Published: March 2010

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NOTE ON STEWART 63 DURUM WHEAT
Authors: Knott D. R.
Published: March 2010

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NOTE ON A SEED DISPENSER FOR CEREAL PLOTS
Authors: Voisey Peter W. , Kloeck Martin
Published: March 2010

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NOTE ON EARLY LETHBRIDGE TOMATO
Authors: Nonnecke I. L. , Kemp G. A.
Published: March 2010

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NOTE ON TALBOT WINTER WHEAT
Authors: Whiteside A. G. O. , Gfeller F.
Published: March 2010

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