bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic resection for retroperitoneum ganglioneuroma with Supine hypotension syndrome
Authors: Sugai Yu , Yamoto Masaya , Obayashi Juma , Tsukui Takafumi , Nomura Akiyoshi , Miyake Hiromu , Fukumoto Koji , Kim Sung-Hae , Sato Daijiro , Iwafuchi Hideto
Published: August 2024

Background

Supine hypotension syndrome (SHS) has been reported to occur due to compression by a giant tumor such as ovarian tumor. We herein report a case of retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma with SHS treated with laparoscopic resection.

Case presentation

The patient was an 11-year-old male with right-sided abdominal pain. He had a pale complexion and tachycardia while falling asleep. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a giant mass lesion (60 × 35 mm) with compression of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and duodenum ventrally and the right kidney caudally. The IVC was flattened by mass compression. Abdominal ultrasonography (US) revealed narrowing of the IVC due to the mass and accelerated blood flow after IVC stenosis in the supine and left lateral recumbent position. His pale complexion and tachycardia while falling asleep was thought to be due to decreased venous return caused by the tumor compressing the IVC, resulting hypotension. 123I-MIBG scintigraphy revealed no abnormal findings. Tumor markers were normal. He was diagnosed with SHS due to a right adrenal gland tumor. The tumor compressed the IVC from the dorsal side, and hemostasis was expected to be difficult during bleeding. Therefore, a guidewire was inserted from the right femoral vein into the IVC for emergency balloon insertion during bleeding. A laparoscopic tumor resection was performed. A histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of primary retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma.

Conclusions

The treatment of symptomatic retroperitoneal tumors requires a multidisciplinary approach.
Radiosynthesis and preclinical evaluation of a 68Ga-labeled tetrahydroisoquinoline-based ligand for PET imaging of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 in an animal model of glioblastoma
Authors: Suwattananuruk Piyapan , Yaset Sukanya , Chotipanich Chanisa , Moldes-Anaya Angel , Sundset Rune , Berzaghi Rodrigo , Figenschau Stine , Claes Sandra , Schols Dominique , Rojsitthisak Pornchai , Kranz Mathias , Vajragupta Opa
Published: August 2024

Background

This study aimed to develop a novel positron emission tomography (PET) tracer, [68Ga]Ga-TD-01, for CXCR4 imaging. To achieve this goal, the molecular scaffold of TIQ15 was tuned by conjugation with the DOTA chelator to make it suitable for 68Ga radiolabeling.

Methods

A bifunctional chelator was prepared by conjugating the amine group of TIQ15 with p-NCS-Bz-DOTA, yielding TD-01, with a high yield (68.92%). TD-01 was then radiolabeled with 68Ga using 0.1 M ammonium acetate at 60 °C for 10 min. A 1-h dynamic small animal PET/MRI study of the labeled compound in GL261-luc2 tumor-bearing mice was performed, and brain tumor uptake was assessed. Blocking studies involved pre-administration of TIQ15 (10 mg/kg) 10 min before the PET procedure started.

Results

[68Ga]Ga-TD-01 exhibited a radiochemical yield (RCY) of 36.33 ± 1.50% (EOS), with a radiochemical purity > 99% and a molar activity of 55.79 ± 1.96 GBq/µmol (EOS). The radiotracer showed in vitro stability in PBS and human plasma for over 4 h. Biodistribution studies in healthy animals revealed favorable kinetics for subsequent PET pharmacokinetic modeling with low uptake in the brain and moderate uptake in lungs, intestines and spleen. Elimination could be assigned to a renal-hepatic pathway as showed by high uptake in kidneys, liver, and urinary bladder. Importantly, [68Ga]Ga-TD-01 uptake in glioblastoma (GBM)-bearing mice significantly decreased upon competition with TIQ15, with a baseline tumor-to-background ratios > 2.5 (20 min p.i.), indicating high specificity.

Conclusion

The newly developed CXCR4 PET tracer, [68Ga]Ga-TD-01, exhibited a high binding inhibition for CXCR4, excellent in vitro stability, and favorable pharmacokinetics, suggesting that the compound is a promising candidate for full in vivo characterization of CXCR4 expression in GBM, with potential for further development as a tool in cancer diagnosis.
Selective adsorption of gold ion in wastewater with competing cations by novel thiourea-reduced graphene oxide
Authors: Chen Yu-Jie , Chung Adrienne , Hsi Hsing-Cheng
Published: August 2024

In this study, selective adsorption experiments of Au were carried out using graphene oxide (GO) and thiourea-reduced GO (TU-rGO). Adsorption experiments using Au, Cu, Pb, and Zn were performed with GO and TU-rGO in order to selectively adsorb Au from simulated waste electric and electronic equipment leachate or printed circuit board wastewater. Optimal adsorption conditions were determined, adsorption isotherm models were fitted, and desorption and regeneration experiments were performed. Additionally, GO and TU-rGO were characterized to better understand the material and propose the adsorption and desorption mechanisms for TU-rGO. It was found that TU-rGO could selectively adsorb Au, achieving a high efficiency of 95‒99% at initial Au concentrations of 0.1‒10 mg L−1 with little to no adsorption of Cu, Pb, and Zn. Moreover, the desorption efficiency of Au by ammonium thiosulfate reached 94% with the adsorption efficiency of TU-rGO decreasing from 99 to 78% after five adsorption and desorption cycles. Isotherm adsorption experiments indicated that the Langmuir model better fitted the adsorption of Au than the Freundlich model. This implied that the adsorption process was mainly controlled by monolayer coverage, with a high Au adsorption capacity of approximately 833 mg g−1 for TU-rGO.
Semen in the time of COVID-19: a narrative review of current evidence and implications for fertility and reproductive health
Authors: Ukoaka Bonaventure Michael , Okesanya Olalekan John , Gbuchie Monica Anurika , Daniel Faithful Miebaka , Wali Tajuddeen Adam , Ugorji Winner Chimdindu , Udam Ntishor Gabriel , Abubakar Na’ima Tanimu , Eliseo Don Lucero-Prisno
Published: August 2024

Background

Historically, viruses have impaired the functionality of human systems. The discovery of novel viruses and the resurgence of established strains heighten concerns about their implications for reproduction. In the aftermath of COVID-19, research efforts have intensified to broaden the understanding of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2’s (SARS-CoV-2) effect on male reproduction across diverse populations. Various findings have been reported, with more studies highlighting the adverse impact of SARS-CoV-2 on semen parameters and, consequently, male fertility. This review aims to comprehensively assess and consolidate existing evidence on  the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on semen quality and male fertility. It highlights the potential mechanism of action and further underscores the implications for assisted reproductive technology.

Methodology

A thorough literature search was conducted across various electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Embase, and Web of Science. Studies published between January 2020 and May 2024 were included if they explored the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on semen quality.

Results

Twenty-nine (29) studies were included in the review. These studies varied in findings but delineated a pattern and trend. While most studies noted a decline in sperm parameters—motility, count, concentration—altered morphology, hormonal imbalances, and increased DNA fragmentation in COVID-19 patients, others reported normal semen parameters 3 to 6 months post-recovery. Few studies reported no change in semen parameters, especially with mild disease. Potential mechanisms underscoring these effects include the presence of fever and consequent release of pro-inflammatory cytokines—interleukin 1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interferon-gamma (IFNγ). In addition, the activities of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and the transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) receptors have been implicated as gateway mechanisms for viral entry. The long-term consequences and comparisons with other viral infections highlight the complexity of drawing definite conclusions. The different findings on semen changes have implications for assisted reproduction and family planning. Research suggests potential negative effects on gonadal function, emphasizing the need for long-term follow-up studies to understand the persistent effects on male fertility biomarkers.

Conclusion

A multidisciplinary approach is essential to optimizing male reproductive health during and after SARS-CoV-2 infection. This includes incorporating assessments into vaccine safety studies to address fertility concerns.
Cortical auditory evoked potentials in peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Mejahed Mohammad , Ibrahim Amira M. , Haydara Tamer , Ragab Salma , Gabr Takwa A.
Published: August 2024

Background

Cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) display both auditory processing and neurological activity in the auditory cortex. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the importance of CAEPs in identifying auditory processing disorders in patients with peripheral neuropathy (PN) in different pathologies. Sixty cases with PN of different pathologies represented the study group which was classified into two subgroups according to the underlying pathology of PN: those with either axonal PN (44 patients) and those with demyelinating PN (16 patients). The current study also included a control group of 40 healthy volunteers who did not have any peripheral or central auditory neurological disorders. CAEPs were recorded in both groups.

Results

The study group’s CAEP response showed significantly delayed latencies than the control groups. Comparing the two study subgroups revealed that the axonal PN group had significant delayed latencies of N1 and P2 components in comparison to the demyelinating PN group.

Conclusion

Cortical auditory evoked potentials can be used efficiently to diagnosis central auditory processing disorders in patients with PN. CAEP latencies can be employed alone or in conjunction with amplitudes; however, CAEP latencies are more significant than amplitudes for such purpose. Both demyelinating and axonal PN are associated with impaired auditory processing; however, axonal PN patients are more likely to be affected, suggesting that axonal PN has a significantly drastic effect on the central auditory nervous system.
Impact of Reclassification of Oncocytic and Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma by the 2022 WHO Classification
Authors: Stegenga Merel T , Oudijk Lindsey , van Velsen Evert F S , Peeters Robin P , Medici Marco , Verburg Frederik A , van Ginhoven Tessa M , van Kemenade Folkert J , Visser W Edward
Published: August 2024

Background

The 2022 WHO Classification categorizes oncocytic (OTC) and follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), based on the degree of capsular and vascular invasion, into minimally invasive (MI), encapsulated angio-invasive (EA), and widely invasive tumors (WI). While associations with clinical outcomes have been studied extensively in FTC, robust clinical data are lacking for OTC. We aimed to investigate the impact of the reclassification of OTC and FTC by the 2022 WHO Classification on clinical outcomes.

Methods

All adult OTC and FTC patients treated at the Erasmus MC (the Netherlands) between 2000 and 2016 were retrospectively included. All tumors were extensively revised by 2 independent pathologists, facilitated by Palga: Dutch Pathology Databank. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to study the association of the 2004 and 2022 WHO Classification with overall survival, disease-specific survival (DSS), recurrence-free survival, and radioactive iodine (RAI)-refractory disease.

Results

Among 52 OTC and 89 FTC patients, 15 (28.8%) OTC and 34 (38.2%) FTC tumors were reclassified as EAOTC or EAFTC. The 2022 WHO Classification substantially improved risk stratification in both subtypes for DSS, compared to the 2004 edition. Ten-year DSS rates were 100% for MIOTC, 92.9% for EAOTC, and 56.5% for WIOTC, compared to 100% (MIOTC) and 64.2% (WIOTC) following the 2004 WHO Classification. For FTC and RAI-refractory disease, similar trends were observed.

Conclusion

Classification of OTC and FTC into 3 subcategories as defined by the 2022 WHO Classification substantially improves discrimination between low-, intermediate-, and high-risk patients, especially for DSS and RAI-refractory disease.
The Transtemporal Isthmus Approach for Insular Glioma Surgery
Authors: Sun Guochen , Shu Xujun , Wu Dongdong , Zhao Kai , Xue Zhe , Cheng Gang , Chen Ling , Zhang Jianning
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Maximal and safe removal of insular gliomas by a transinsular cortex approach is challenging. In this article, a new transtemporal isthmus approach to resect insular gliomas is presented.

METHODS:

We retrospectively examined 53 patients with insular glioma who underwent resection through the temporal isthmus approach using magnetic resonance imaging and functional neuronavigation guidance and intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring. Extent of resection was determined using intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging.

RESULTS:

Fifty-three patients were included for analysis, 30 men and 23 women. The median (range) age was 45 (26-70) years. Tumor laterality was left in 22 patients and right in 31. All tumors involved at least zone III or IV (Berger-Sanai classification system), including zones I-IV were involved in 29 (54.7%) and zones III and IV in 17 (32.0%). Among the 37 low-grade gliomas, preoperative median (IQR) volume was 45.7 (31.8, 60.3) cm3, and gross total resection was achieved in 24 (64.9%). Among the 16 high-grade gliomas, preoperative median (IQR) volume was 45.3 (40.1, 54.0) cm3, and gross total resection was achieved in 14 (87.5%). The median (IQR) extent of resection of the whole group was 100% (89%-100%). The median (IQR) postoperative Karnofsky performance score 3 months after surgery was 90 (80-90). Mean temporal isthmus width was significantly higher in the affected side (involving tumor) than the contralateral one (21.6 vs 11.3 mm; 95% CI: 9.3 to 11.3, P < .01). Muscle strength was grade 4 or higher, and speech was nearly normal in all patients 3 months after surgery.

CONCLUSION:

Insular glioma surgery using the transtemporal isthmus approach can achieve safe and maximum resection. A widened temporal isthmus provides a surgical pathway for transisthmic resection of insular tumor.
Metabolic Heat Production Modulates the Cardiovascular Drift–V̇O2max Relationship Independent of Aerobic Fitness in Women
Authors: STONE TORI , BURNASH SARAH G. , EARLEY RYAN L. , MULHOLLAND ANNIE M. , YODER HILLARY A. , MACDONALD HAYLEY V. , RICHARDSON MARK T. , WINGO JONATHAN E.
Published: August 2024

Introduction/Purpose

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that cardiovascular (CV) drift and associated decrements in maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) are greater in high-fit compared with low-fit women during exercise at the same %V̇O2max, but comparable at the same rate of metabolic heat production.

Methods

Six high-fit (HI) and six low-fit (LO) women cycled in 35°C for 15 or 45 min at the same relative intensity (60% V̇O2max; 15REL and 45REL) or fixed rate of heat production (500 W; 15FX and 45FX), immediately followed by a graded exercise test to measure V̇O2max. The separate 15- and 45-min trials permitted measurements of V̇O2max over the same time interval as CV drift.

Results

During 45REL, higher heat production in HI (496 ± 51 vs 364 ± 44 W in LO) resulted in greater end-exercise core temperature (38.7°C ± 0.4°C vs 38.2°C ± 0.1°C, P = 0.03), greater increases in HR (15 bpm (10%) vs 10 bpm (6%), P = 0.03) and decreases in stroke volume (11 mL per beat (16%) vs 5 mL per beat (8%), P = 0.001), and larger reductions in V̇O2max (16% vs 5%, P = 0.04) compared with LO. During 45FX, temperature responses, CV drift, and decreased V̇O2max were not different between groups (all P > 0.05), despite differences in %V̇O2max (60% vs 75% for HI and LO, respectively).

Conclusions

We conclude metabolic heat production modulates the CV drift–V̇O2max relationship, independent of fitness level. These results support previous findings showing the magnitude of CV drift is proportional to reductions in V̇O2max.
Επίδραση των παραμέτρων λειτουργίας του αλυσοπρίονου και των δασοπονικών ειδών Fagus sylvatica, Quercus petraea και Pinus brutia στη συγκέντρωση της εισπνεύσιμης σκόνης ξύλου που δημιουργείται κατά τις εργασίες συγκομιδής, ρίψης και διαμόρφωσης
Authors: Τιουτιουντζή Θεοδώρα
Published: August 2024

Στην παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή προσδιορίστηκε η έκθεση δασεργατών σε εισπνεόμενη σκόνη κωνοφόρων (Pinus brutia) και πλατύφυλλων (Fagus sylvatica και Quercus petraea) κατά τη διάρκεια των υλοτομικών εργασιών της ρίψης και της διαμόρφωσης με αλυσοπρίονο στο υλοτόμιο. Στην περίπτωση της Πεύκης, εκτός από τις μετρήσεις της συγκέντρωσης εισπνεόμενης σκόνης σε υγιή ιστάμενα δέντρα έγιναν μετρήσεις και σε νεκρά ιστάμενα δέντρα. Κατά τον προσδιορισμό εισπνεύσιμης σκόνης ξύλου, εκτός από τα παραπάνω δασοπονικά είδη, ελήφθησαν υπόψη τέσσερις παράμετροι λειτουργίας του αλυσοπρίονου. Η πρώτη παράμετρος αφορούσε τη χρήση του αλυσοπρίονου υπό κανονικές συνθήκες λειτουργίας, η δεύτερη αφορούσε τη χρήση του αλυσοπρίονου χωρίς σωστή συντήρηση όσον αφορά τη συχνότητα λιμαρίσματος της αλυσίδας, η τρίτη τη χρήση του αλυσοπρίονου με μη συχνό πάτημα γκαζιού και η τέταρτη αφορούσε τη χρήση αλυσοπρίονου με αλυσίδα με βήμα 0,325. Πραγματοποιήθηκαν επίσης μετρήσεις χρόνου εν ώρα εργασίας του υλοτόμου.Για τη συλλογή των δεδομένων χρησιμοποιήθηκε ένας φορητός δειγματολήπτης αέρα, συγκεκριμένα ο Air Sampling SKC. Ο συνολικός χρόνος εργασίας ήταν 67.677,31 min, ο οποίος αντιστοιχεί σε 192 ημέρες εργασίας. Η μέτρηση συγκέντρωσης εισπνεύσιμης σκόνης ξύλου έγινε συνολικά από υλοτομίες 3.150 δέντρων με μέσο όρο στηθιαίας διαμέτρου 39,42 cm, ενώ συνολική συγκέντρωση εισπνεύσιμης σκόνης ξύλου από τις εργασίες συγκομιδής καθ’ όλη τη διάρκεια των μετρήσεων (192 ημέρες) ήταν κατά μέσο όρο 3,14 mg/m3. Βρέθηκε πως το 44% (85 στα 192 φίλτρα) από το σύνολο των δειγματοληπτικών φίλτρων ήταν πάνω από το όριο επαγγελματικής έκθεσης εισπνεύσιμης σκόνης ξύλου (3 mg/m3) που ισχύει στις περισσότερες ευρωπαϊκές χώρες. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι η συγκέντρωση σκόνης ξύλου εξαρτάται τόσο από το δασοπονικό είδος, όσο και από το χειρισμό του αλυσοπρίονου. Οι υψηλότερες συγκεντρώσεις σκόνης ξύλου σημειώθηκαν από τα νεκρά μετά από πυρκαγιά ιστάμενα δέντρα Πεύκης. Η αύξηση της συγκέντρωσης σκόνης ξύλου εξαρτάται επίσης από τη μη σωστή συντήρηση του αλυσοπρίονου, ενώ το μη συχνό πάτημα του γκαζιού μειώνει τα επίπεδα συγκέντρωσης σκόνης. Παρατηρήθηκε ακόμη αύξηση της συγκέντρωσης σκόνης ξύλου στα είδη με χοντρό φλοιό (Pinus brutia και Quercus petraea).
Case Report: Tropical sprue, diagnostic challenges of an old but unrecognized disease
Authors: Guissouma Jihene , Ben Ali Hana , Allouche Hend , Trabelsi Insaf , Hammami Olfa , Yahia Yosra , Mchirgui Ilhem , Mabrouk Marwa , Ghadhoune Hatem
Published: August 2024

Tropical sprue (TS) is a post-infective disease of the small bowel characterized by a malabsorption syndrome affecting tropics inhabitants and visitors. Diagnosis of TS remains challenging since it can be confused with common diarrheal diseases, especially in non-endemic areas. We report a Tunisian case of latent TS. A 58-year-old male with a history of chronic watery diarrhea, was admitted to the intensive care unit for confusion which was related to a severe metabolic acidosis. Despite the neurological improvement after hydro-electrolytic resuscitation and acid-base disorders correction, the patient continued to have three to five loose stools daily. A nutritional assessment showed a malabsorption syndrome: iron, Vitamin B12and folate deficiencies; normochromic normocytic anemia and hypoalbuminemia. Gastrointestinal endoscopy showed duodenal villous atrophy and biopsy confirmed subtotal villous atrophy with increased intraepithelial lymphocytosis and a thickened hyalonalized sub-epithelial basal lamina. Celiac disease was evoked, however the patient did not improve on a gluten-free diet and the celiac serology was negative. On re-interviewing, we discovered that the patient had spent two months in India three years prior. Given the travel history, clinico-biological and histological data TS was highly considered and a good response to a five-month antibiotic course combined to nutritional supplementation supported this diagnosis. Clinico-biological, endoscopic and histological findings were overlapping between TS and other malabsorption diseases, explaining diagnosis difficulties. TS should be systematically discussed in tropics visitors presenting with chronic diarrhea. Improvement after micronutrient and vitamin deficiencies replacement combined to a prolonged antibiotic course supports the diagnosis of TS.
Case Report: A case of a multivisceral echinococcosis with atypical localization
Authors: Kaddoussi Rania , Jellazi Mohamed , Mizouni Abdelkader , Chamtouri Ikram , Abdelaaly Mabrouk , Migaou Asma , Ben Brahim Hager , Fahem Nessrine , Ben Saad Ahmed , Joober Sameh , Cheikhmhamed Saoussen , Rouetbi Naceur
Published: August 2024

Hydatidosis is a pathology that is still common. Hydatid cysts commonly involves the liver and lung. Cases of multi visceral echinococcosis with atypical localization are rare. We, herein, report the case of a 53-year-old Maghrebi farmer with multiple organ hydatidosis including 13 hydatid cysts involving the lungs, the liver, the left heart ventricle, the left kidney, the abdomen cavity, the muscles (psoas, adductors), and the subcutaneous gluteal area. The majority of these cysts were already treated surgically, and some of them were due to be removed.
Time to sense biofield (Prana) experiences between hands: A preliminary single blinded randomized placebo controlled trial
Authors: Vijayakumar Vinu , Nagaraja Jois Srikanth , Mallikarjuna Majgi Sumanth , Prasad Krishnamurthy Nagendra , Nanjunda swamy Roopa
Published: August 2024

Aims There is minimal research on the duration of biofield experiences. This preliminary study used the experiential learning practice of Master Choa Kok Sui
Evaluation of comparative efficacy of Mashadi oil (Tinospora cardifolia) and Erandadi oil Ricinus communis via nasal administration in the management of cervical spondylosis: a randomized controlled trial protocol
Authors: Jain Madhvi , Ade Vinod , Parwe Shweta , Sawarkar Punam
Published: August 2024

Background- Cervical spondylosis is a disease that is caused by the vitiation of only one bodily humor (dosha) (Vataja nanatmaja). The vata bodily humor (dosa) becomes vitiated and settles in the cervical (manya), creating neck pain and stiffness, which ultimately led to cervical spondylosis. Cervical spondylosis can be examined primarily under the generalization of cervical spondylosis because both conditions have many of the same symptoms. A disorder known as cervical spondylosis, which affects the cervical vertebra, is a degenerative condition of the cervical spine. In addition to having negative effects on a person's health, the disease also significantly lowers the quality of life and daily activities. Ayurveda suggested a treatment for cervical spondylosis to avoid and control the condition. There are numerous therapies in Ayurveda, and Oil administration through the nostrils has been given a significant role in upper clavicular disease (Uurdhvajatrugata roga). Oil administration through nostril therapy has been specifically recommended by Acharya Charka for the treatment of cervical spondylosis. The purpose of certain ayurvedic approaches in the management of cervical spondylosis. Methods: - 60 patients will be split into two groups for this investigation. A tinospora cardifolia and a group of drugs (Mashadi oil) will be given to the group through the nostrils for seven days at a dose of eight drops. The same will be used for the other 30 patients, i.e., group B with Ricinus Communis and a group of drugs (Erandadi oil) administered through the nostrils. Expected result: The result will be assessed on the baseline of objective parameters, and data will be compared after the treatment.
Effectiveness of men in maternity health (MiM) intervention on male involvement in maternal health care to improve maternal health outcomes in Naypyitaw, Myanmar
Authors: Oo May Chan , Myint Aung San San , Aung Pyae Linn , Panza Alessio
Published: August 2024

Background Maternal health care (MHC) is critical for safe motherhood and preventing maternal deaths in Myanmar, but the institutional delivery rates are not yet optimal, increasing preventable maternal deaths. To address this issue, involving men in supporting MHC has been recognized as a strategy to improve MHC outcomes. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility of men in maternity health (MiM) intervention on male involvement in MHC and its influence on knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to maternal health and institutional delivery rates in Naypyitaw, Myanmar. Methods This study employed a mixed-methods approach with quantitative surveying of the male partners and qualitative interviewing of both male and female partners and health stakeholders. A 6-month MiM education program on pregnancy complications, antenatal care, delivery care, and birth preparedness was provided to the intervention group. Before and after the intervention, comparisons between intervention and control groups were made. Results The socio-demographic characteristics of male partners were comparable between the intervention and control groups during the pre-intervention assessment. Before MiM intervention, notable differences in male partners’ knowledge, attitudes, birth preparedness and complication readiness practices regarding MHC were not evident between these two groups. After completing the MiM, significant score improvement, including higher ID rates compared to the control group (p<0.001), was observed. The acceptability and feasibility of the MiM program were contributed by positive responses from qualitative findings, highlighting remarkable changes in the perspectives of male partners in supporting MHC. However, challenges, including financial limitations, cultural influences and a shortage of trained personnel, were encountered. Conclusion The MiM program effectively promotes male involvement in MHC, leading to improved MHC outcomes. The MiM intervention offers a promising, evidence-based model to enhance ID rates in Myanmar, requiring tailored approaches to address cultural and financial factors.
Topical Nasal Steroids for Allergic Rhinitis in Children. Is One Better Than the Others? Protocol for a Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.
Authors: Osorno Ortiz Santiago , Veroniki Areti-Angeliki , Villatoro-Rodriguez Silvia , Goldfeder De Gracia Sydney , Mercado-Lara Maria Fernanda , Yepes-Núñez Juan J. , Florez Ivan D
Published: August 2024

Background The present protocol is registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews PROSPERO under de ID code CRD42023476313, and adheres the PRISMA-P 2015 statement. The complete checklist can be consulted in the extended data section. Allergic Rhinitis (AR) is the most common chronic disease in children worldwide. According to many guidelines topical nasal steroids (TNS) are the first-line treatment for moderate/severe AR in children, nevertheless there is no conclusive evidence about which of them is superior in terms of efficacy and safety, including their impact on child’s growth. Methods We will conduct a systematic review of randomized controlled trials evaluating TNS in the treatment of children with moderate/severe AR. The primary outcome is the efficacy measured with the Total Nasal Symptom Severity Score (TNSS). Secondary outcomes are quality of life, adverse events (AE), and growth velocity. We will search Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, LILACS, clinicaltrials.gov, WHO trials database and grey literature resources. Two reviewers will independently screen titles and abstracts, review full texts, extract information, and assess the risk of bias and the confidence in the estimate (with the grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation [GRADE] approach). We will conduct a random-effects NMA to combine the pooled direct and indirect treatment effect estimates for each outcome if adequate data is available and transitivity and coherence assumptions are considered justifiable. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses are planned to evaluate the impact of some potential effect modifiers such as doses, co-intervention with oral antihistamines, the type of AR (intermittent or persistent), sponsorship of the study, the time of outcomes measurement and the risk of bias. We will use GRADE approach to draw conclusions from NMA. Discussion This systematic review and network meta-analysis aims to determine the relative efficacy and safety of the TNS for treatment of children with moderate/severe AR. The results will provide valuable information to assist clinicians, guideline developers, patients, and policy makers about the management of these patients, based on the best available evidence. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO number: CRD42023476313.
Design, molecular docking, synthesis and in vitro evaluation of anti-influenza activity of oseltamivir carboxamides and their hybrid molecules with hydroxamic acid
Authors: Tayah Sumia Samer , Alwan Shakir Mahmood
Published: August 2024

Background The influenza virus is a highly contagious respiratory disease that causes seasonal outbreaks and occasionally, unpredictable pandemics with high morbidity and mortality rates. This problem is exacerbated by the lack of drugs with potential antiviral activity against all types of influenza strains, including resistant strains. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel antiviral agents. Methods The synthesis of new oseltamivir carboxamides with amino acids and the subsequent synthesis of hybrid molecules with hydroxamic acid were considered. Two series are presented as series one; oseltamivir carboxamides with L-serine, L-isoleucine, L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine and series two included hydroxamates of series one. This approach may provide promising candidates with potential anti-influenza activity. The in vitro cytotoxic activity against Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK), type (NBL-2) - CCL-34 cells using the MTT ((3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay was used to determine the half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of the investigated compounds. The percent inhibition of neuraminidase was plotted against concentrations and the IC50 values were calculated by non-linear logistic curve fitting. Results The compounds were subjected to molecular docking using the GOLD suite (version 5.7.1) to predict the binding affinities for neuraminidase (3CL0). The docking scores are presented as PLP fitness and are comparable to those of oseltamivir. Oseltamivir-Phenylalanine recorded the highest docking score (72.23 kcal/mol), while, oseltamivir acid was recorded (56.24 kcal/mol). The ADMET parameters were generated using the Swiss ADME server to predict successful candidates with reasonable oral absorption and safety margins. All compounds are safer than oseltamivir and their IC50 values for neuraminidase inhibition were variable. The hybrids showed a lower percentage of viable cells. Oseltamivir-phenylalanine had the highest inhibitory activity against neuraminidase (3.03 μM), when compared with oseltamivir (67.22 μM). Conclusion Oseltamivir-phenylalanine showed remarkable and very significant activity, and the hybrid molecules were surprisingly less effective on neuraminidase than oseltamivir carboxamides.
The impact of death priming on climate change denial: a preliminary investigation
Authors: Gerber Zach , Anaki David
Published: August 2024

Background Climate change denial (CCD) has been found to be more pronounced among individuals with a conservative political orientation. Terror Management Theory posits that an individual’s worldview serves as a primary defense mechanism in coping with existential threats, such as the reality of climate change. Drawing on these premises, we conducted preliminary research investigating the impact of death priming on CCD from the Terror management theory perspective. Methods and results We administered a death priming task and measured CCD in its immediate wake or following a delay task. We confirmed among 219 Amazon’s MTurk participants that immediately following death priming, CCD was reduced among all participants. In the delayed death priming condition, we acquired preliminary evidence that CCD was heightened among Republican participants. Conclusions These findings demonstrate the relevance of death priming to CCD tendencies and potentially spawn future research regarding CCD as a particular form of coping with existential threats.
A survey measuring purchase intention towards environmentally friendly products
Authors: Yee Yen Yuen , Zi Ling Tan
Published: August 2024

Purpose This study examines the key factors affecting consumers’ purchases of environmentally friendly products in Malaysia. Originality Although the Malaysian government has put in effort and assistance to promote the use of environmentally friendly products, the purchase of environmentally friendly products remains low, as the costs of environmentally friendly products are still more expensive than those of non-energy efficient products. This study is one of the pioneering studies in developing countries that examined the purchase of environmentally friendly products after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology Three hundred participants from four developed states in Malaysia with the highest awareness of environmental protection and environmentally friendly products were approached. The survey was administered to the respondents in public places. Findings Malaysians’ purchase intentions towards environmentally friendly products are affected by confidence, family income, and attitude. In contrast, this study found no significant positive effect of financial subsidies on purchase intention towards environmentally friendly products.
Case Report: New-onset relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis with positive Uhthoff phenomenon after second BNT162b2 dose
Authors: Finsterer Josef , D'Souza Neil
Published: August 2024

Objectives new-onset relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) has rarely been communicated as a side effect of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (SC2V). Here we report a patient with new-onset RRMS shortly after the second BNT162b2 vaccine dose, which was diagnosed only after a relapse after the third vaccine dose. Case report the patient is a 31 year-old male who developed eye problems 48 days after the second dose of BNT162b2. The symptoms were attributed to eye strain and gradually disappeared without treatment. Further workup was negative. Three months after the third BNT162b2 dose, urinary urgency developed. Eleven months after the third BNT162b2 dose, he developed sensory and visual disturbances that were noticeable post-exercise and progressed and worsened with alcohol and heat. MRI showed typical lesions that met the Barkhof/Tintore criteria for RRMS. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) studies revealed elevated kappa free light chains and positive oligoclonal bands. Because the revised McDonalds criteria were met, RRMS was diagnosed and ocrelizumab was started. Conclusions this case shows that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination can trigger new-onset RRMS, the clinical presentation of SC2V-induced multiple sclerosis is similar to multiple sclerosis due to other triggers, and the severity of the relapses may increase with the number of boosters given. Although, rare, a neurologist should be aware of the presumably rare event in which SC2V triggers new-onset multiple sclerosis.
When I say inclusion in health professions education
Authors: Kusurkar Rashmi
Published: August 2024

There is no unified understanding of the concept of inclusion in the literature. Because of the growing reports of exclusion and marginalization in HPE, and the reports of inequitable health provision in global health, inclusion is currently a widely discussed topic in Health Professions Education (HPE) as well as global health. In this article I explore the concept of inclusion based on the current literature, mainly from the psychological aspect. When I say inclusion, it is not just a sense of belonging, but also the opportunity to participate and contribute meaningfully.
Oriented artificial nanofibers and laser induced periodic surface structures as substrates for Schwann cells alignment
Authors: Lifka Sebastian , Plamadeala Cristina , Weth Agnes , Heitz Johannes , Baumgartner Werner
Published: August 2024

People with injuries to the peripheral nervous system, due to its poor functional regeneration, suffer from paralysis of the facial muscles, fingers and hands, or toes and feet, often for the rest of their lives. Therefore, to improve patients’ quality of life, there is an urgent need for conduits that effectively support the healing of large defects in nerve pathways through specific guidance of nerve cells. This paper describes two specific methods for achieving directed growth of Schwann cells, a type of glial cells that can support the regeneration of the nerve pathway by guiding the neuronal axons in the direction of their alignment. One method implies the exposure of a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) foil to a KrF* laser beam, that renders a nanorippled surface topography. The other method uses aligned polyamide-6 (PA-6) nanofibers produced via electrospinning on a very fast rotating structured collector, which enables easy nanofiber detachment, without additional effort. Schwann cells growth on these substrates was inspected after one week of cultivation by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM). For both methods we show that Schwann cells grow in a certain direction, predetermined by nanoripples and nanofibers orientation. In contrast, cells cultivated onto unstructured surfaces or randomly oriented nanofibers, show an omnidirectional growth behavior.
Human Identity in the Digital Age: Humanitarian and Social Aspects
Authors: Vlasova Irina , Gulyy Anatoliy , Gurov Mihail , Evstratova Yuliana , Isaeva Natal'ya , Kamenskiy Andrey , Chepkasova Ekaterina , Shemyakin Gennadiy , Frolova Ol'ga
Published: August 2024

The monograph explores the theoretical, methodological foundations of human identity, considers humanitarian and social aspects. The authors reveal the relevance, essence, features of identity in the digital age. The presented material is based on the conclusions of modern humanities: philosophy, sociology, jurisprudence, economics, pedagogy, cultural studies, history.
Asymptotically Tight Bounds on the Optimal Pricing Strategy with Patient Customers
Authors: Qian Shuaijie , Su Xizhi , Zhou Chao
Published: August 2024

In “Asymptotically Tight Bounds on the Optimal Pricing Strategy with Patient Customers,” Qian, Su, and Zhou revisit the problem of a monopolist seller’s optimal pricing strategy when dealing with both patient and impatient customers. The authors give asymptotically tight bounds on the optimal strategy’s cycle period and long-run average revenue when the patient customers’ patience level is high. This result also addresses an open question proposed by others regarding the optimal cycle period.
A Game-Theoretic Framework for Generic Second-Order Traffic Flow Models Using Mean Field Games and Adversarial Inverse Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Mo Zhaobin , Chen Xu , Di Xuan , Iacomini Elisa , Segala Chiara , Herty Michael , Lauriere Mathieu
Published: August 2024

A traffic system can be interpreted as a multiagent system, wherein vehicles choose the most efficient driving approaches guided by interconnected goals or strategies. This paper aims to develop a family of mean field games (MFG) for generic second-order traffic flow models (GSOM), in which cars control individual velocity to optimize their objective functions. GSOMs do not generally assume that cars optimize self-interested objectives, so such a game-theoretic reinterpretation offers insights into the agents’ underlying behaviors. In general, an MFG allows one to model individuals on a microscopic level as rational utility-optimizing agents while translating rich microscopic behaviors to macroscopic models. Building on the MFG framework, we devise a new class of second-order traffic flow MFGs (i.e., GSOM-MFG), which control cars’ acceleration to ensure smooth velocity change. A fixed-point algorithm with fictitious play technique is developed to solve GSOM-MFG numerically. In numerical examples, different traffic patterns are presented under different cost functions. For real-world validation, we further use an inverse reinforcement learning approach (IRL) to uncover the underlying cost function on the next-generation simulation (NGSIM) data set. We formulate the problem of inferring cost functions as a min-max game and use an apprenticeship learning algorithm to solve for cost function coefficients. The results show that our proposed GSOM-MFG is a generic framework that can accommodate various cost functions. The Aw Rascle and Zhang (ARZ) and Light-Whitham-Richards (LWR) fundamental diagrams in traffic flow models belong to our GSOM-MFG when costs are specified.

History: This paper has been accepted for the Transportation Science Special Issue on ISTTT25 Conference.

Funding: X. Di is supported by the National Science Foundation [CAREER Award CMMI-1943998]. E. Iacomini is partially supported by the Italian Research Center on High-Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing (ICSC) funded by MUR Missione 4-Next Generation EU (NGEU) [Spoke 1 “FutureHPC & BigData”]. C. Segala and M. Herty thank the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) for financial support [Grants 320021702/GRK2326, 333849990/IRTG-2379, B04, B05, and B06 of 442047500/SFB1481, HE5386/18-1,19-2,22-1,23-1,25-1, ERS SFDdM035; Germany’s Excellence Strategy EXC-2023 Internet of Production 390621612; and Excellence Strategy of the Federal Government and the Länder]. Support through the EU DATAHYKING is also acknowledged. This work was also funded by the DFG [TRR 154, Mathematical Modelling, Simulation and Optimization Using the Example of Gas Networks, Projects C03 and C05, Project No. 239904186]. Moreover, E. Iacomini and C. Segala are members of the Indam GNCS (Italian National Group of Scientific Calculus).
Key insights from the European Society of Cardiology guidelines for the management of cardiomyopathies
Authors: Cowley Bethan , Martin Lucy , McOsker Joanne , McQueen Joanna
Published: August 2024

Bethan Cowley and colleagues outline the European Society of Cardiology's guidelines for the management of cardiomyopathies, highlighting the key implications for nurses.
Nursing support worker day at the Royal College of Nursing's 2024 Congress
Authors: Boyle Sean
Published: August 2024

This overview discusses the Royal College of Nursing's 2024 Congress from the perspective of an attendee. It highlights the successes and limitations associated with the ‘nursing support worker day’ aspect of the convention and details some key takeaways for the healthcare support workforce to consider. It also provides details on the most relevant debates held at the convention for the journal's readership, and suggestions as to how the day could be improved for next year.
Medicine management: legal and ethical principles
Authors: Peate Ian
Published: August 2024

This article explores the legal and ethical issues that impact the safe administration of medicines. A discussion is provided on understanding the role of the healthcare assistant (HCA), assistant practitioner (AP) and informed consent, which is key to ethical and legal care provision. Mental capacity and the practice of covert medication administration is also outlined. By upholding ethical and legal principles, the HCA and AP can ensure that patient-centred care, which respects individuals' rights and promotes their wellbeing, is consistently practiced.
Mohs micrographic technique in high-risk basal cell carcinoma: a 3D prediction of safety margins
Authors: Cammarata Edoardo , Esposto Elia , Airoldi Chiara , Giorgione Roberto , Boggio Paolo , Savoia Paola
Published: August 2024

Objective:

Compared with standard excision with a two-dimensional histological examination, Mohs micrographic surgery offers a lower recurrence rate and a greater extent of healthy tissue sparing for the treatment of high-risk basal cell carcinoma (BCC). The aims of this study were to first quantify the healthy tissue spared through the micrographic technique compared to traditional surgery for high-risk tumours. Then, to speculate, through the analysis of the distal micrographic resection margin, the adequate width of safety margins for standard excision.

Method:

A cohort of patients with high-risk BCC was treated with Mohs surgery. Safety margins, tumours residual final breach and hypothetical standard excision safety margins areas were recorded.

Results:

A total of 96 patients were included. A reduction of 27.96% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 17.90–38.02) of healthy skin removed was observed using a micrographic method compared to the standard approach. Standard excision with a 6mm safety margin was associated with 86.46% (95% CI: 79.62–93.30) of complete excision. Greater margins were not associated with a statistically significant improvement of complete excision.

Conclusion:

Mohs surgery should be considered the gold standard operative treatment for high-risk BCC. However, if micrographic techniques are not feasible, the standard excision with a predetermined margin of 6 mm, should be considered as the best option.
Compromiso empresarial frente a procesos de gestión de proyectos, estudio de caso en las pymes de Pasto (Colombia)
Authors: Delgado Bolívar Arturo , Gómez Hugo Fernando Ceballos
Published: August 2024

La gestión de proyectos asociada con procesos de iniciación, planeación, ejecución, monitoreo, control y cierre, apoyan la administración del tiempo y costos; por tanto cambios y/o retrasos en áreas específicas afectan el proyecto, más aún teniendo en cuenta dificultadas comunes que enfrentan  empresarios de pequeñas y medianas empresas, resumidas por Okpara y Winn (2017), en cuatro áreas: 1) administrativa, 2) operativa, 3) factores externos y 4) estratégica. Por otro lado, Arturo & Díaz (2021), Mazurkiewicz (2018), dan cuenta de la ausencia de gestión de proyectos en empresas pymes, originado por recursos escasos, desconocimiento, falta de formación y práctica en la disciplina. Para llenar este vacío, este documento sugiere, a partir de los bajos niveles de compromiso detectados, generar propuestas de gestión organizacional. El investigador utilizó el paradigma cuantitativo y busca determinar el compromiso empresarial en la aplicación de procesos de gestión de proyectos, a partir de 10 escenarios.
A importância do território na caracterização dos negócios de impacto socioambiental em periferias
Authors: Barros Filippe , Formicki Guilherme Rocha , Czarnotta Renato
Published: August 2024

A partir da falta de consenso para se definirem os negócios de impacto social e dada a reconhecida heterogeneidade dos empreendimentos sociais, este trabalho tem como objetivo compreender em que medida as características dos negócios de impacto socioambiental são aderentes ao contexto dos territórios populares periféricos. Com um estudo de casos múltiplos das empresas periféricas Enjoy Alimentação Orgânica e Jaubra, identificou-se que embora as características de negócios de impacto socioambiental possam proporcionar aos empreendedores em periferias uma maior legitimidade perante diversos públicos, estas são pouco aderentes ao contexto dos territórios populares. Este artigo contribui com o debate sobre a necessidade de definições consensuais, que favoreçam a construção de futuros modelos aplicáveis às distintas realidades. Gerencialmente, propõe-se que, a partir do reconhecimento dos negócios como soluções de impacto socioambiental, pode-se potencializar a legitimidade destas organizações e, consequentemente, dos resultados dos negócios e do ecossistema de impacto nas periferias.