bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Ecosystem Services Value Based on Land Use and Land Cover Changes in the Transboundary Karnali River Basin, Central Himalayas
Authors: Shrestha Bhaskar , Ye Qinghua , Khadka Nitesh
Published: June 2019

Land use and land cover change (LUCC) and its spatio-temporal characteristics are essential for natural resource management and sustainable development. LUCC is one of the major factors that affect the ecosystem and the services it provides. In this study, we used remote sensing techniques and a geographical information system to extract the land cover categories based on the Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) technique from Landsat TM/ETM/OLI satellite images in the transboundary Karnali River Basin (KRB, China and Nepal) of central Himalayas from 2000 to 2017. Spatio-temporal integrated methodology—Tupu was used to spatially show the LUCC as well as spatial characteristics of the arisen Tupu and shrunken Tupu. In addition, the ecosystem services value (ESV) were obtained and analyzed for each land cover category. In 2017, forest covered the highest area (33.45%) followed by bare area (30.3%), shrub/grassland (18.49%), agriculture (13.12%), snow/ice (4.32%), waterbody (0.3%) and built-up area (0.04%) in the KRB. From 2000 to 2017, the areas of forest, waterbody and snow/ice have decreased by 0.59, 6.14, and 1072.1 km2, respectively. Meanwhile, the areas of shrub/grassland, agriculture, barren land, and built-up categories have increased by 82.21, 1.44, 991.97, and 3.11 km2, respectively. These changes in the land cover have led to an increase in the ESV of the basin, especially the increase in shrub/grassland, agriculture, and water bodies (in the higher elevation). The total ESV of the basin was increased by $1.59 × 106 from 2000 to 2017. Anthropogenic factors together with natural phenomena drive LUCC in the basin and thus the ESV. The findings of this study could facilitate the basin-level policy formulation to guide future conservation and development management interventions.
The Role of Marketing in Cultural Institutions in the Context of Assumptions of Sustainable Development Concept—A Polish Case Study
Authors: Sobocińska Magdalena
Published: June 2019

Development of both the marketing and cultural sectors have multi-directional natures, showing relationships with sustainable development that should be considered at various levels of cultural sector management in cultural institutions, at the level of the cultural policy of the state or region, and on the micro-scale. Not only do the natural environment, economy, and technology constitute areas of sustainable development, but also society and culture. The assumptions about sustainable development by cultural institutions are related to implementing marketing concepts in this sphere, in that they are the expression of market orientation (on consumer of culture). The goal of this study was to show that marketing by cultural institutions, as a reflection of their market orientation, translates into these institutions’ implementation of the assumptions of sustainable development. This paper is based on literature studies and the results of empirical and quantitative research that was conducted on a sample of 451 people managing cultural institutions in Poland. The research included general managers, managers, artistic directors, managers of marketing, promotion and sales departments, as well as owners of cultural institutions. Analysis of research results shows that consumers of culture are ranked first as recipients of targeted actions conducted by cultural institutions. An increase in the diversity of cultural offers, including the concept of sustainable development, emerged as a factor stimulating the development of the culture market, being closely related to growth of the quality of cultural offer.
Influence of Perceived Socially Responsible Human Resource Management on Task Performance and Social Performance
Authors: Shao Danping , Zhou Erhua , Gao Peiran
Published: June 2019

While previous research has already revealed the positive influence of socially responsible human resource management (SRHRM) on organizations, little is known about whether employees’ perceived SRHRM can lead to a win–win situation between organization and society. We address this void by examining whether employees’ perceived SRHRM can contribute to organizational performance (operationalized as task performance and organizational citizenship behavior, OCB), and social performance (operationalized as volunteering). Using a sample of 314 employee–supervisor dyads from three large manufacturing enterprises in Southeast China, we found that perceived SRHRM could increase employees’ OCB and volunteering, but not task performance, through both cognitive (i.e., prosocial identity) and affective (i.e., affective empathy) paths. Furthermore, perceived SRHRM was more positively related to prosocial identity and affective empathy when distributive justice was high. We finally discuss the implications of our findings for both theory and practice.
Hyperspectral Prediction Model of Metal Content in Soil Based on the Genetic Ant Colony Algorithm
Authors: Tian Shiqi , Wang Shijie , Bai Xiaoyong , Zhou Dequan , Luo Guangjie , Wang Jinfeng , Wang Mingming , Lu Qian , Yang Yujie , Hu Zeyin , Li Chaojun , Deng Yuanhong
Published: June 2019

The accumulation of metals in soil harms human health through different channels. Therefore, it is very important to conduct fast and effective non-destructive prediction of metals in the soil. In this study, we investigate the characteristics of four metal contents, namely, Sb, Pb, Cr, and Co, in the soil of the Houzhai River Watershed in Guizhou Province, China, and establish the content prediction back propagation (BP) neural network and genetic-ant colony algorithm BP (GAACA-BP) neural network models based on hyperspectral data. Results reveal that the four metals in the soil have different degrees of accumulation in the study area, and the correlation between them is significant, indicating that their sources may be similar. The fitting effect and accuracy of the GAACA-BP model are greatly improved compared with those of the BP model. The R values are above 0.7, the MRE is reduced to between 6% and 15%, and the validation accuracy is increased by 12–64%. The prediction ability of the model of the four metals is Cr > Co > Sb > Pb. These results indicate the possibility of using hyperspectral techniques to predict metal content.
Fixed Point Root-Finding Methods of Fourth-Order of Convergence
Authors: Cordero Alicia , Guasp Lucía , Torregrosa Juan R.
Published: June 2019

In this manuscript, by using the weight-function technique, a new class of iterative methods for solving nonlinear problems is constructed, which includes many known schemes that can be obtained by choosing different weight functions. This weight function, depending on two different evaluations of the derivative, is the unique difference between the two steps of each method, which is unusual. As it is proven that all the members of the class are optimal methods in the sense of Kung-Traub’s conjecture, the dynamical analysis is a good tool to determine the best elements of the family in terms of stability. Therefore, the dynamical behavior of this class on quadratic polynomials is studied in this work. We analyze the stability of the presented family from the multipliers of the fixed points and critical points, along with their associated parameter planes. In addition, this study enables us to select the members of the class with good stability properties.
Dual Hesitant q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Hamacher Aggregation Operators and their Applications in Scheme Selection of Construction Project
Authors: Wang Ping , Wei Guiwu , Wang Jie , Lin Rui , Wei Yu
Published: June 2019

The q-rung orthopair fuzzy set (q-ROFS), which is the extension of intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) and Pythagorean fuzzy set (PFS), satisfies the sum of q-th power of membership degree and nonmembership degree is limited 1. Evidently, the q-ROFS can depict more fuzzy assessment information and consider decision-maker’s (DM’s) hesitance. Thus, the concept of a dual hesitant q-rung orthopair fuzzy set (DHq-ROFS) is developed in this paper. Then, based on Hamacher operation laws, weighting average (WA) operator and weighting geometric (WG) operator, some dual hesitant q-rung orthopair fuzzy Hamacher aggregation operators are developed, such as the dual hesitant q-rung orthopair fuzzy Hamacher weighting average (DHq-ROFHWA) operator, the dual hesitant q-rung orthopair fuzzy Hamacher weighting geometric (DHq-ROFHWG) operator, the dual hesitant q-rung orthopair fuzzy Hamacher ordered weighted average (DHq-ROFHOWA) operator, the dual hesitant q-rung orthopair fuzzy Hamacher ordered weighting geometric (DHq-ROFHOWG) operator, the dual hesitant q-rung orthopair fuzzy Hamacher hybrid average (DHq-ROFHHA) operator, and the dual hesitant q-rung orthopair fuzzy Hamacher hybrid geometric (DHq-ROFHHG) operator. The precious merits and some particular cases of above mentioned aggregation operators are briefly introduced. In the end, an actual application for scheme selection of construction project is provided to testify the proposed operators and deliver a comparative analysis.
Effects of Disruption of Five FUM Genes on Fumonisin Biosynthesis and Pathogenicity in Fusarium proliferatum
Authors: Sun Lei , Chen Xu , Gao Jian , Zhao Yuan , Liu Lianmeng , Hou Yuxuan , Wang Ling , Huang Shiwen
Published: June 2019

The mycotoxin fumonisin is known to be harmful to humans and animals, and thus it is desirable to reduce fumonisin content in crop products. We explored the functions of several genes that function in fumonisin biosynthesis (FUM1, FUM6, FUM8, FUM19, and FUM21) in Fusarium proliferatum and found that deletion of FUM1, FUM6, FUM8, or FUM21 results in a severe reduction in fumonisin biosynthesis, while loss of FUM19 does not. In addition, fumonisin-deficient strains display significantly decreased pathogenicity. Co-cultivation of the ΔFUM1, ΔFUM6, ΔFUM8, and ΔFUM19 mutants restores fumonisin synthesis. However, co-cultivation was unable to restore fumonisin synthesis in the ΔFUM21 strain. The relative expression levels of three key FUM genes (FUM1, FUM6, and FUM8) differed significantly in each mutant strain; notably, the expression levels of these three genes were significantly down-regulated in the ΔFUM21 strain. Taken together, our results demonstrate that FUM1, FUM6, FUM8, and FUM21 are essential for fumonisin synthesis, and FUM19 is non-essential. Partial mutants lost the ability to synthesize fumonisin, the co-culture of the mutants was able to restore fumonisin biosynthesis. While the pathogenicity of F. proliferatum is affected by many factors, inhibition of the synthesis of the mycotoxin fumonisin will weaken the pathogenicity of rice spikelet rot disease (RSRD).
The Ecology of New Constituents of the Tick Virome and Their Relevance to Public Health
Authors: Vandegrift Kurt J. , Kapoor Amit
Published: June 2019

Ticks are vectors of several pathogens that can be transmitted to humans and their geographic ranges are expanding. The exposure of ticks to new hosts in a rapidly changing environment is likely to further increase the prevalence and diversity of tick-borne diseases. Although ticks are known to transmit bacteria and viruses, most studies of tick-borne disease have focused upon Lyme disease, which is caused by infection with Borrelia burgdorferi. Until recently, ticks were considered as the vectors of a few viruses that can infect humans and animals, such as Powassan, Tick-Borne Encephalitis and Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever viruses. Interestingly, however, several new studies undertaken to reveal the etiology of unknown human febrile illnesses, or to describe the virome of ticks collected in different countries, have uncovered a plethora of novel viruses in ticks. Here, we compared the virome compositions of ticks from different countries and our analysis indicates that the global tick virome is dominated by RNA viruses. Comparative phylogenetic analyses of tick viruses from these different countries reveals distinct geographical clustering of the new tick viruses. Some of these new tick RNA viruses (notably severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus and Heartland virus) were found to be associated with serious human diseases. Their relevance to public health remains unknown. It is plausible that most of these newly identified tick viruses are of endogenous origin or are restricted in their transmission potential, but the efforts to identify new tick viruses should continue. Indeed, future research aimed at defining the origin, the ecology and the spillover potential of this novel viral biodiversity will be critical to understand the relevance to public health.
Driving Factors and Dynamics of Phytoplankton Community and Functional Groups in an Estuary Reservoir in the Yangtze River, China
Authors: Yang Changtao , Nan Jing , Li Jianhua
Published: June 2019

Qingcaosha Reservoir, an estuary reservoir on the Yangtze River and a drinking water source, is facing phytoplankton blooms and the factors driving changes in phytoplankton composition and distribution have not been well understood so far. To facilitate the understanding of this problem, we collected surface water samples from January to December 2014 monthly at 12 sampling sites. A total of 205 taxa classified into eight major taxonomic groups were identified. Cyclotella meneghiniana, Melosira varians, Melosira granulata, Cryptomonas ovata and Chlorella vulgaris were the species dominating at least one season. The long stratification period and high nutrient concentration resulted in high chlorophyll a concentration (36.1 ± 18.5 μg L−1) in the midstream and downstream during summer, and mass phytoplankton growth and sedimentation process led to nutrients decrease. In the reservoir, neither P or N limitation was observed in the study period. We observed that water temperature, nutrient concentrations and light availability (Zeu/Zmix) are critical in selecting functional groups. These results highlight that the functional groups characterized the water body well and showed a good ecological status based on the assemblage index (Q average = 4.0). This work also highlights that mixing regime, water temperature and light availability were the driving factors that determine phytoplankton dynamics.
Review of the Quantitative Resilience Methods in Water Distribution Networks
Authors: Shuang Qing , Liu Hui Jie , Porse Erik
Published: June 2019

Water distribution networks (WDNs) are critical contributors to the social welfare, economic growth, and public health in cities. Under the uncertainties that are introduced owing to climate change, urban development, aging components, and interdependent infrastructure, the WDN performance must be evaluated using continuously innovative methods and data acquisition. Quantitative resilience assessments provide useful information for WDN operators and planners, enabling support systems that can withstand disasters, recover quickly from outages, and adapt to uncertain environments. This study reviews contemporary approaches for quantifying the resilience of WDNs. 1508 journal articles published from 1950 to 2018 are identified under systematic review guidelines. 137 references that focus on the quantitative resilience methods of WDN are classified as surrogate measures, simulation methods, network theory approaches, and fault detection and isolation approaches. This study identifies the resilience capability of the WDNs and describes the related terms of absorptive, restorative, and adaptive capabilities. It also discusses the metrics, research progresses, and limitations associated with each method. Finally, this study indicates the challenges associated with the quantification of WDNs that should be overcome for achieving improved resilience assessments in the future.
Coupled Electric and Hydraulic Control of a PRS Turbine in a Real Transport Water Network
Authors: Sinagra Marco , Aricò Costanza , Tucciarelli Tullio , Amato Pietro , Fiorino Michele
Published: June 2019

Although many devices have recently been proposed for pressure regulation and energy harvesting in water distribution and transport networks, very few applications are still documented in the scientific literature. A new in-line Banki turbine with positive outflow pressure and a mobile regulating flap, named Power Recovery System (PRS), was installed and tested in a real water transport network for the regulation of pressure and flow rate. The PRS turbine was directly connected to a 55 kW asynchronous generator with variable rotational velocity, and coupled to an inverter. The start-up tests showed how automatic adjustment of the flap position and the runner velocity variation are able to change the characteristic curve of the PRS according to the flow delivered by the water manager or to the pressure set-point assigned downstream or upstream of the system, maintaining good efficiency values in hydropower production.
Developing a safety-netting intervention for the earlier diagnosis of cancer in primary care: the Shared Safety Net Action Plan (SSNAP)
Authors: Heyhoe Jane , Reynolds Caroline , Lawton Rebecca
Published: June 2019

Background

Diagnosing cancer earlier broadens treatment options and improves survival outcomes. When symptoms do not indicate a cancer diagnosis referral, evidence suggests patients could play an important role in achieving a faster cancer diagnosis by assisting with symptom follow-up and review. Little is known about how to engage patients in diagnosis and what a safety-netting intervention involving patients in primary care might entail.

Aim

Stage 1 assessed components considered important for patient involvement in diagnosing cancer earlier in primary care and explored three possible strategies. Stage 2 aimed to co-design a safety-netting intervention with and for primary care patients and professionals.

Method

Stage 1 involved a systematic review, thematic analysis of 15 interviews with GPs, nurse practitioners and patients and a dissemination workshop with 18 stakeholders. For intervention development and refinement, stage 2 involved 3 stakeholder workshops using co-design processes; five focus groups with patients and primary care practices, underpinned by COM-B Framework.

Results

Stage 1: the systematic review found no interventions involving patients. Interviews identified three key themes for patient involvement: keeping the door open; roles and responsibilities; and fear of cancer. Ideally, safety-netting should involve verbal discussion and plan, written information, and optional post-consultation prompt. Stage 2: barriers and facilitators of capability, opportunity and motivation to use the intervention were identified. A safety-netting intervention for primary care was co-produced, the Shared Safety Net Action Plan (SSNAP).

Conclusion

Key components for patient involvement and safety-netting were identified. SSNAP is acceptable to patients and health professionals and assessment of feasibility in practice is now required.
Vasectomy: can the standards be achieved within a primary care setting?
Authors: Gorman Caitlin , Hunt Francis , Al-Ausi Maher
Published: June 2019

Background

Vasectomy intends to provide permanent contraception by interrupting the vas deferentia via one of several methods. The no-scalpel vasectomy aims to render male sterilisation more acceptable to patients. It is faster and associated with fewer complications. Complications are uncommon, but do exist, most often pain, bleeding, bruising, and infection. Vasectomy is increasingly carried out within a primary care setting. One GP at Marple Cottage Surgery has been performing vasectomies for 5 years.

Aim

This study aims to ascertain whether vasectomy standards can be achieved within a primary care setting.

Method

Electronic patient records and semen analysis data were accessed for procedures performed between April 2013–April 2018, to calculate the failure and complication rates. This was compared to guidelines from relevant advisory bodies.

Results

In total 910 vasectomies were performed over the period: 5.3% were associated with a complication; 2.0% intraoperative bleeding, 1.5% pain, 0.8% haematoma, 0.7% syncope, and 0.2% infection. Two-thirds (67.3%) of patients provided a semen sample for analysis. The occlusive failure rate was 0.4% and the contraceptive failure rate is 0%.

Conclusion

Complication rates were low, achieving or exceeding the standards in all domains. The occlusive failure rate is within the <1% American Urological Association acceptable standard and the current contraceptive failure rate is 0%. This is for further analysis with a larger sample size. We are confident that the high standard of vasectomy care can be achieved as the service migrates into primary care.
The CHARIOT Register: a primary care-based recruitment register for research into dementia and healthy ageing
Authors: Wanis Hiba
Published: June 2019

Background

The Cognitive Health in Ageing Register: Investigational, Observational and Trial studies (CHARIOT) is a primary care-based register for research studies involving the prevention of dementia and other age-related diseases. The Register was developed in 2012 in collaboration between London GP surgeries and researchers at the School of Public Health at Imperial College London. It was designed to offer opportunities for volunteers to participate in research studies.

Aim

The aim is to build a register of individuals aged 50–85 years who are cognitively intact and are willing to be contacted about research studies on dementia prevention and healthy ageing.

Method

Potential participants are recruited through London-based GP surgeries. On consenting to join the register, basic demographic and contact details are then extracted from their GP surgery and securely uploaded to the Imperial College database. Based on the data collected, Register members are then approached to participate in new research studies.

Results

To date, 164 GP surgeries have collaborated to invite over 170 000 individuals to join the CHARIOT Register, resulting in the recruitment of 33 911 participants. From those who have joined the Register, 8419 have consented to take part in ageing-related studies, giving a response rate of 24%.

Conclusion

The CHARIOT Register facilitates research for the prevention of dementia and ageing-related diseases. It has been shown that this approach to easily access and recruit keen participants onto research studies has been effective, allowing for the development of new strategies to grow the Register.
Exploring student perceptions and awareness of social prescribing
Authors: Mulligan Hannah , Kirtley Daisy , Santoni Claudia , Chilaka Joel , Giurca Bogdan Chiva
Published: June 2019

Background

The importance of social prescribing has been illustrated by the NHS Long Term Plan, as well as the GP Forward View published in 2016. Social prescribing is enabling healthcare professionals to refer patients to a link worker, to co-design a non-clinical social prescription to improve their health and well-being. A lack of awareness of social prescribing has been suggested in the past, although no studies have been formally conducted to date to provide the evidence basis for this statement.

Aim

Exploring perceptions, understanding, and awareness of social prescribing among medical students across the UK.

Method

Student views were collected using a survey delivered before and after teaching sessions as part of the NHS England National Social Prescribing Student Champion Scheme. A total of 932 responses were recorded from 27 different medical schools.

Results

Pre-session surveys suggested that 91% (n = 848) of medical students have never heard of the concept of social prescribing before the teaching session. Post-session surveys highlighted that 98% (n = 913) of students regarded the concept as useful and relevant to their future careers following teaching on the subject.

Conclusion

Survey findings confirm a significant lack of awareness regarding social prescribing among medical students from 27 different medical schools across the UK. New strategies are needed to ensure the doctors of tomorrow are equipped with the necessary tools to achieve the recent outcomes for graduates which highlight the importance of personalised care and social sciences.
Теоретико-методологічні основи перемоги України в сучасній смисловій війні
Authors: Петровський П. М.
Published: June 2019

Досліджено особливості смислової війни як продовження інформаційної агресії Російської Федерації та розкрито їх відмінності. Сутність смислової війни визначено як прагнення нав’язати вигідні агресору чинники детермінації державної політики та людської діяльності. Зазначено, що об’єктами атак смислової війни є глибинні структури мислення (матриці, патерни, фрейми та установки) з метою сформувати симулякри – змінити реальну картину дійсності на спотворену віртуальну копію-фантом. Обґрунтовано положення, що теоретико-методологічними основами перемоги України в сучасній смисловій війні повинні бути практично забезпечені істинність, розумність та значущість всіх соціальних модернізацій.
Державна політика у сфері охорони культурної спадщини: міжнародний досвід
Authors: Овсяник А. М.
Published: June 2019

Розглянуто сучасний стан реалізації державної політики у сфері культурної спадщини у зарубіжних країнах. Вивчено зарубіжний досвід розподілу повноважень між органами державної влади та недержавними організаціями, стимулювання участі приватного капіталу та залучення нових джерел фінансування охорони культурної спадщини.
Особливості реалізації інвестиційної політики на територіях пріоритетного розвитку в Україні
Authors: Федорчак О. В.
Published: June 2019

Розкрито сутність територій пріоритетного розвитку та підприємницьких зон і наведено міжнародний досвід їх функціонування. Узагальнено результати впровадження спеціального режиму інвестування на територіях пріоритетного розвитку в Україні. З’ясовано причини неефективності функціонування таких територій. Доведено, що у вітчизняного уряду є всі важелі, щоб запобігти цим проблемам і відновити функціонування таких територій в Україні. Обґрунтовано доцільність відновлення територій пріоритетного розвитку у формі підприємницьких зон та територій випереджаючого розвитку для покращення інвестиційного клімату в Україні.
Громадська організація як необхідний елемент демократичного управління
Authors: Токар М. Ю.
Published: June 2019

Здійснено обґрунтування інституції громадянського суспільства – громадської організації як необхідного елемента демократичного управління. Запропоновано характеристику означень організаційної сутності громадської організації в змісті перспектив розвитку громадянського суспільства в Україні. Акцентовано увагу на соціальному призначенні громадської організації, що походить від природного потягу громадян до колективної самоорганізації та самоврядування. Підтверджено, що організована інституція виконує функції, які є індикатором демократичного розвитку держави та суспільства.
Державне регулювання та підтримка сільського господарства
Authors: Шпортюк Н. Л.
Published: June 2019

Зазначено, що створення конкурентоспроможного агропродовольчого виробництва неможливо без посилення ролі держави та підтримки аграрного сектора економіки України. Визначено, що необхідність забезпечення продовольчої безпеки, низька конкурентоспроможність і продуктивність галузі, низький рівень оплати праці працівників села тощо є основними причинами держрегулювання сільського господарства. Описано, що нині є виправданим посилення регулюючого впливу з боку держави на розвиток сільської економіки, якнайшвидше впровадження відповідної програми державного регулювання і підтримки цієї важливої галузі. Зауважено, що існує необхідність істотної зміни стратегії і тактики реформ загалом, аграрної реформи зокрема, що пов’язано з посиленням державного регулювання продовольчого ринку, переорієнтацією капіталу з торгових і фінансових галузей на вкладення у виробничу сферу в АПК і залучення іноземних інвестицій. Підсумовано, що у сучасних умовах чітко простежується прагнення законодавця посилити економічні та соціальні функції державного регулювання продовольчого ринку як керованого і регульованого механізму вільного руху сільськогосподарської продукції і товарів, функціонування якого забезпечується єдиними нормами і правилами, які регулюють підприємницьку діяльність суб’єктів продовольчого ринку.
Аналіз процесів формування та реалізації компетенцій органів публічної влади та їх посадових осіб за суб’єктивними оцінками експертів
Authors: Карпа М. І.
Published: June 2019

Висвітлено окремі аспекти та оцінки процесів формування та реалізації компетенції органів публічної влади та їх посадових осіб за соціологічними та статистичними показниками. Узагальнено чинники, які формують сутність компетенції органів публічної влади та їх посадових осіб. Виявлено рейтинг найактуальніших обставин, від яких залежить реалізація функцій органів публічної влади. З’ясовано, за узагальненнями експертного опитування, актуальні проблемні питання та впливові загрози у процесах формування та реалізації компетенцій органів публічної влади. У відсотковому вимірі показано оцінку рівня відповідності наявних повноважень службовців некерівного складу до задекларованих цілей та мети діяльності органів публічної влади, в яких здійснюється професійна діяльність. Виявлено очікування експертного середовища щодо можливого результату здійснення розмежування компетенцій органів публічної влади.
Недовіра громадян до публічних службовців в Україні: історичні передумови та етичні шляхи усунення
Authors: Пятківський Р. О.
Published: June 2019

Оцінено довіру між громадянами і публічними службовцями як важливий соціальний капітал, який належно не функціонує в українському суспільстві. З’ясовано історично-психологічні причини формування в українській суспільній свідомості упередженого ставлення до представників влади. Акцентовано на важливості перебудови морально-ціннісних засад і стилю взаємин між чиновниками і громадянами. Етизацію публічної служби України розглянуто як шлях налагодження довірливих відносин між громадянами та публічними службовцями, що сприятиме консолідації українського суспільства.
Управління фінансовими ресурсами територіальної громади
Authors: Крайник О. П. , Лазорищак М. М.
Published: June 2019

Висвітлено роль фінансового управління у формуванні місцевої  політики розвитку територіальних громад. Показано роль органів місцевої влади у формуванні місцевої  політики розвитку території. Сформовано індикатори оцінки ефективності виконання функцій  органами місцевої влади. Проведено порівняльний  аналіз забезпеченості фінансовими ресурсами об’єднаних територіальних громад. Запропоновано використання порівняльного аналізу для удосконалення управління місцевими фінансами
Державне регулювання інвестицій в сільському господарстві: зарубіжний досвід та можливості його імплементації в Україні
Authors: Дзюрах Ю. М.
Published: June 2019

Визначено основні тенденції загальносвітового досвіду у використанні засобів стимулювання інвестиційного розвитку агросектору. Наведено характеристику інструментів та засобів державного регулювання інвестицій у сільському господарстві країн Азії, Північної Америки та ЄС. Проаналізовано основні засоби та напрямки реалізації інвестиційної політики урядами зарубіжних країн щодо стимулювання розвитку сільськогосподарських виробників.
Catálogo da Coleção de Programas de Teatro, Música e Dança do Arquivo Histórico Municipal de São Paulo
Authors: Rodrigues Jaime
Published: June 2019

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As últimas vontades da mulher de um tabelião de Lisboa
Authors: Ferreira Ana Pereira
Published: June 2019

É através dos testamentos medievais que muitas vezes temos acesso a informação sobre as posses e estatuto social dos que morreram. Os testamentos dão-nos informações sobre familiares, bens, instituições e inclusive sobre a importância da memória escrita. O texto que aqui transcrevemos é exactamente isso: um testamento da mulher de um tabelião de Lisboa de finais de Trezentos, que nos permite conhecer as propriedades e bens que detinham, fruto dos rendimentos auferidos pelo marido, bem como as instituições com as quais lidava no seu quotidiano e ainda ficar a conhecer as redes de solidariedade em confrarias (a única referência que temos a uma confraria de tabeliães em Lisboa).

FCT/CH-UL, Projecto OECONOMIA STUDII, PTDC/EPHHIS/3154/2014
OS PRIMEIROS A MORRER:
Authors: Zagni Rodrigo Medina
Published: June 2019

O presente estudo tem por objetivo verificar como as correntes artísticas responderam ao estabelecimento da ditadura militar no Brasil. Nosso objeto é a produção artística engajada do primeiro período de regime militar, de 1964 a 1968 (do golpe ao AI-5). É necessário determinar o nível de engajamento de diferentes grupos artísticos e como os suportes foram utilizados para esta finalidade crítica. É necessário ainda determinar como a mensagem vazada codificadamente – em função da perseguição empreendida pelos órgãos oficiais de censura – acabava sendo (ou não) decodificada por diferentes públicos, e quais grupos chegavam de fato a compreendê-la. Com isso pretendemos lançar luzes sobre a produção cultural, no maior âmbito que pudermos abarcar, circunscrita a um dos períodos chave na evolução política e na configuração cultural do Brasil contemporâneo.
Memória e Resistência:
Authors: Loula André Lopes , Silva Cristiano Manoel da
Published: June 2019

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Impasses e desafios do processo contemporâneo de globalização
Authors: Mendonça Marina Gusmão de
Published: June 2019

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Entrevista com o prof. Antonio Nóvoa
Authors: Nóvoa Antonio
Published: June 2019

A Revista Olh@ares entrevistou o prof. Antonio Nóvoa,  do Instituto de Educação da Universidade de Lisboa,  cuja produção  intelectual tem sido  umareferência  constante no  debate  sobre  o papel da universidade na  formação  de professores. Suas reflexões apontam para a importância, na formação inicial, de a universidade  repensar  suas atividades pedagógicas e,  em lugar das aulas tradicionais,  cada vez mais proporcionar atividades  de orientação,  tutoria  e supervisão, além de  intensificar a formação de grupos de trabalho e de pesquisa em que  a  crítica ao conhecimento, sua    reconstrução  e a produção de conhecimentos  novos  são  o centro dos fazeres  dos estudantes.  Para isso, as tecnologias podem se constituir em instrumentos  auxiliares na  criação  deespaços de diálogo e partilha de saberes.
Efeito do território sobre as desigualdades escolares: mudanças no caso de São Miguel Paulista de 2007 a 2009
Authors: Padilha Frederica , Ribeiro Vanda Mendes , Batista Antônio Augusto Gomes , Alves Luciana , Carvalho-Silva Hamilton
Published: June 2019

Este artigo discute se e como as desigualdades socioespaciais presentes no interior da subprefeitura de São Miguel Paulista (SMP), leste do Município de São Paulo, impactam a desigualdade escolar. Usando o Ideb 2007, um primeiro estudo mostrou que: i) as desigualdades socioespaciais restringem a qualidade da oferta educacional das escolas em territórios de alta vulnerabilidade social; ii) escolas situadas nos territórios mais vulneráveis concentram mais alunos com recursos socioculturais mais baixos e iii) alunos com baixos recursos socioculturais, em escolas de territórios menos vulneráveis, tendem a ter melhores desempenhos na Prova Brasil. O segundo estudo, que utilizou o Ideb 2009, denota alterações nos vínculos entre as desigualdades socioespaciais e escolares: i) o Ideb cresceu, sobretudo em áreas mais vulneráveis, mas aumentou a segregação dos alunos; ii) o estudo corrobora o efeito de território sobre as oportunidades educacionais, porém, esse efeito é diferenciado para alunos com recursos socioculturais distintos.
A FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES ALFABETIZADORES E AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DE UM PROJETO DE LETRAMENTO
Authors: Ranzani Ariane
Published: June 2019

Este artigo visa refletir sobre como um curso a distância de formação continuada de professores alfabetizadores pode contribuir para atividade pedagógica docente por meio de projetos de letramento com de crianças de seis anos de um primeiro ano do Ensino Fundamental. O referencial teórico fundamenta-se nos conceitos de atividade e sentido pessoal da Teoria da Atividade, desenvolvida por Leontiev (1978, 2006a, 2006b) a partir da perspectiva sócio-histórica e de projetos de letramento dos Estudos do Letramento (KLEIMAN, 2000, 2001, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2012; MARTINS, 2007, 2008; OLIVEIRA, 2010; TINOCO, 2008). Desenvolvida sob o paradigma qualitativo-interpretativo, tais reflexões evidenciam que o projeto de letramento desencadeia um outro olhar para a atividade pedagógica docente, pois além de poder salientar a importância do professor, da sua mediação, ainda, permite que as crianças entrem em atividade, motivadas socialmente, aprendendo e usando a linguagem escrita por meio de diferentes gêneros discursivos.
FORMAÇÃO EM EJA E DIVERSIDADE(S): A EXPERIÊNCIA DE EDUCAÇÃO POPULAR DO CIVEJA / UNILAB
Authors: Costa Elisangela André da Silva , Freire Jacqueline Cunha da Serra , Caiado Ana Paula Sthel , Almeida Sinara Mota Neves de
Published: June 2019

O presente estudo tem como objetivo refletir sobre os limites e possibilidades encontrados no desenvolvimento do Circuito Intercultural de Vivências em Educação de Jovens e Adultos (CIVEJA) - projeto vinculado ao Centro de Referência em Educação de Jovens e Adultos e Cooperação Sul-Sul (ECOSS), da Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira (UNILAB). Metodologicamente optou-se pelo relato de experiência, analisando de forma específica o Diagnóstico Rápido Participativo (DRP) e o Curso de Atualização em Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) e Diversidade(s). Os resultados desta reflexão apontam que o foco EJA e diversidades, definido como eixo central das ações do CIVEJA, traduziu o compromisso da UNILAB com a integração e a interculturalidade e que as experiências desenvolvidas durante o citado projeto contribuíram para a discussão dos aspectos que caracterizam a EJA nos municípios abrangidos e se traduziram em um amplo processo educativo na perspectiva da extensão universitária referenciado na educação popular. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: EJA. Formação Continuada. Diversidades.
A LUTA DAS MULHERES OPERÁRIAS POR CRECHE: DO “BALDE” AO DIREITO À EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Schifino Reny Scifoni
Published: June 2019

Este artigo se insere no âmbito de um estudo que teve por objetivo investigar a luta atual pelo direito de mulheres operárias – e suas crianças – à creche pública de Santo André, município do Grande ABC do estado de São Paulo. Luta cuja trajetória ganha destaque com a efervescência dos movimentos sociais e sindicais, nas décadas de 1970 e 1980. Para tanto, utilizou-se de entrevistas com mães operárias com filhos e filhas matriculados/as em uma das creches da rede pública desse município. A análise dos dados mostrou que as mães defendem direitos, para além das questões trabalhistas, uma vez que se torna explícita a busca por educação pública, gratuita e de qualidade. Tal aspecto desconstrói tanto o discurso recorrente de que as famílias de camadas populares buscam as creches única e exclusivamente como local de guarda e de assistência para suas crianças, como também cria condições para a produção de culturas infantis.
LITERATURA NO ENSINO MÉDIO: CONEXÕES COM ORIENTAÇÕES CURRICULARES
Authors: Silva Ivanda Maria Martins
Published: June 2019

No ensino médio, a literatura é vítima de processos inadequados de escolarização (SOARES, 1999), consolidados por meio de concepções, metodologias e orientações curriculares que evidenciam abordagens estereotipadas em relação à educação literária. As práticas de leituras e letramentos literários (COSSON, 2006) realizadas em sala de aula não encontram sintonia com aquelas que os estudantes desenvolvem na cibercultura (LÉVY, 1999), em contato com tecnologias digitais e novos suportes. Os professores revelam-se atônitos diante da necessidade de rever planejamentos didáticos e estratégias metodológicas para o trabalho com a literatura no ensino médio. As orientações curriculares, como PCN, OCNEM e BNCC, têm papel importante quando apresentam propostas em relação à literatura na escola. O objetivo principal do estudo aqui apresentado é analisar concepções subjacentes acerca da literatura em orientações curriculares, no sentido de refletir sobre o papel da literatura no currículo do ensino médio, considerando, também, a reforma do ensino médio, aprovada pela Lei no 13.415/2017. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: ensino médio, literatura, currículo.
REFORMA DO ENSINO MÉDIO: DESOBRIGAÇÃO DO ESTADO?
Authors: André Tamara Cardoso
Published: June 2019

A Lei no 13.415, de 16 de fevereiro de 2017, que reforma o ensino médio, altera o princípio legal da educação obrigatória, que pressupõe o papel do Estado, uma vez que obriga as famílias a matricularem as crianças e os adolescentes nas escolas, sob pena de sanções previstas em lei. Por isso a educação obrigatória tem, como corolário, a gratuidade da educação fornecida pelo Estado, que deve fiscalizar a matrícula e a frequência à escola. A Reforma do Ensino Médio, ao permitir o ensino a distância, fragiliza o princípio de que a educação é direito público subjetivo, pois esta poderá se efetivar não mais por meio de matrícula em escolas presenciais. A partir da reforma, o ensino médio terá 5 itinerários formativos. Caberá a cada sistema de ensino escolher o itinerário a ser ofertado, o que poderá restringir as escolhas individuais e relegar às classes populares uma formação técnica. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Ensino médio, políticas educacionais, educação obrigatória.
Estrategia de Formación Permanente del Maestro Primario para la Mediación en Conflictos
Authors: Camacho Sojo Yamila del Carmen
Published: June 2019

El presente trabajo ofrece fundamentos teóricos y prácticos sobre la utilidad de estrategias para la apropiación del método de mediación en conflictos escolares desde la formación permanente del maestro primario, como una vía imprescindible para actualizar los recursos humanos en educación y elevar el desempaño en la labor educativa del mismo. Se emplearon métodos como la entrevista, encuesta, el análisis documental, entre otros y se obtienen resultados favorables para la comprensión y aplicación delmétodo de mediación educativa en la escuela primaria. Por lo que consideramos de gran significación práctica su aplicación en el contexto cubano.
Aula Invertida: Rompiendo los Paradigmas Tradicionales
Authors: Moreira Ortega Rosa Amelia
Published: June 2019

Las TIC’s han propiciado profundos cambios en nuestra sociedad, en particular en la última década, ha impactado en diversos ámbitos, como el económico, político, cultural o social.

Hablar de aula invertida es hablar de innovación y autonomía, significa un cambio en los salones de aulas, cambiar los métodos tradicionales de enseñanza enviando instrucciones en línea fuera del salón de clase a través de soportes tecnológicos, de forma que el docente pueda destinar ese tiempo a otras actividades de participación y colaboración durante la clase. En ese sentido, el presente artículo reflexiona sobre el aula invertida como una forma de romper paradigmas tradicionales en el proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje y potenciar un aprendizaje diferente, autónomo y desarrollador en docentes y estudiantes.
Star-forming Rings in Lenticular Galaxies: Origin of the Gas∗
Authors: Proshina Irina S. , Kniazev Alexei Yu. , Sil’chenko Olga K.
Published: June 2019

Rings in S0s are enigmatic features that can, however, betray the evolutionary paths of particular galaxies. We have undertaken long-slit spectroscopy of five lenticular galaxies with UV-bright outer rings. The observations have been made with the Southern African Large Telescope to reveal the kinematics, chemistry, and ages of the stellar populations and the gas characteristics in the rings and surrounding disks. Four of the five rings are also bright in the Hα emission line, and the spectra of the gaseous rings extracted around the maxima of the Hα equivalent width reveal excitation by young stars betraying current star formation in the rings. The integrated level of this star formation is 0.1–0.2

yr−1, with the outstanding value of 1

yr−1 in NGC 7808. The difference of chemical composition between the ionized gas of the rings, which demonstrate nearly solar metallicity, and the underlying stellar disks, which are metal-poor, implies recent accretion of the gas and star formation ignition; the star formation history estimated by using different star formation indicators implies that the star formation rate decreases with an e-folding time of less than 1 Gyr. In NGC 809, where the UV ring is well visible but the Hα emission line excited by massive stars is absent, the star formation has already ceased.
Improving Orbit Estimates for Incomplete Orbits with a New Approach to Priors: with Applications from Black Holes to Planets
Authors: O’Neil K. Kosmo , Martinez G. D. , Hees A. , Ghez A. M. , Do T. , Witzel G. , Konopacky Q. , Becklin E. E. , Chu D. S. , Lu J. R. , Matthews K. , Sakai S.
Published: June 2019

We propose a new approach to Bayesian prior probability distributions (priors) that can improve orbital solutions for low-phase-coverage orbits, where data cover less than ∼40% of an orbit. In instances of low phase coverage—such as with stellar orbits in the Galactic center or with directly imaged exoplanets—data have low constraining power and thus priors can bias parameter estimates and produce underestimated confidence intervals. Uniform priors, which are commonly assumed in orbit fitting, are notorious for this. We propose a new observable-based prior paradigm that is based on uniformity in observables. We compare performance of this observable-based prior and of commonly assumed uniform priors using Galactic center and directly imaged exoplanet (HR 8799) data. The observable-based prior can reduce biases in model parameters by a factor of two and helps avoid underestimation of confidence intervals for simulations with less than ∼40% phase coverage. Above this threshold, orbital solutions for objects with sufficient phase coverage—such as S0-2, a short-period star at the Galactic center with full phase coverage—are consistent with previously published results. Below this threshold, the observable-based prior limits prior influence in regions of prior dominance and increases data influence. Using the observable-based prior, HR 8799 orbital analyses favor low-eccentricity orbits and provide stronger evidence that the four planets have a consistent inclination of ∼30° to within 1σ. This analysis also allows for the possibility of coplanarity. We present metrics to quantify improvements in orbital estimates with different priors so that observable-based prior frameworks can be tested and implemented for other low-phase-coverage orbits.
Hypervelocity Stars from a Supermassive Black Hole–Intermediate-mass Black Hole Binary
Authors: Rasskazov Alexander , Fragione Giacomo , Leigh Nathan W. C. , Tagawa Hiromichi , Sesana Alberto , Price-Whelan Adrian , Rossi Elena Maria
Published: June 2019

In this paper we consider a scenario in which the currently observed hypervelocity stars in our Galaxy have been ejected from the Galactic center as a result of dynamical interactions with an intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) orbiting the central supermassive black hole (SMBH). By performing three-body scattering experiments, we calculate the distribution of the ejected stars’ velocities given various parameters of the IMBH–SMBH binary: IMBH mass, semimajor axis, and eccentricity. We also calculate the rates of change of the BH binary orbital elements due to those stellar ejections. One of our new findings is that the ejection rate depends (although mildly) on the rotation of the stellar nucleus (its total angular momentum). We also compare the ejection velocity distribution with that produced by the Hills mechanism (stellar binary disruption) and find that the latter produces faster stars on average. Also, the IMBH mechanism produces an ejection velocity distribution that is flattened toward the BH binary plane, while the Hills mechanism produces a spherically symmetric one. The results of this paper will allow us in the future to model the ejection of stars by an evolving BH binary and compare both models with Gaia observations, for a wide variety of environments (galactic nuclei, globular clusters, the Large Magellanic Clouds, etc.).