bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Multi-Criteria Analysis of University Housing Options using Weighted Sum Model
Authors: Harahap Muhammad Ade Kurnia , Tarigan Ira Modifa , Kraugusteeliana Kraugusteeliana , Simanullang Sanco , Avila Ernie C. , Rahim Robbi
Published: August 2023

This study presents a novel application of the Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) Weighted Sum Model (WSM) technique to assist students in selecting suitable university housing options. We identified five key criteria—location, affordability, amenities, room type, and social environment—based on a survey of prospective students' preferences. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), we calculated the weights for each criterion, reflecting the priorities of the surveyed students. We then applied the MCDM-WSM methodology to rank the housing options by calculating the weighted scores for each criterion. Our findings reveal a ranked list of university housing options that can guide students in making well-informed decisions based on their needs and preferences. The study demonstrates the significance of using advanced decision-making techniques in transforming complex decision-making processes into more structured, transparent, and reliable approaches. Furthermore, it highlights potential research gaps and future research directions to enhance the quality of choices and cater to the diverse needs of students in selecting university housing.
Effect of Equity on Financial Performance of Listed Insurance Corporations In Kenya
Authors: Kipyegon K G , Agusioma N , Naituli G
Published: August 2023

Efforts to revive ailing corporations across the world have mostly been centered on financial restructuring and re-engineering. Slow growth in the financial performance of insurance companies in Kenya coupled with low market penetration rate motivated the researcher’s interest to investigate the effect of Equity on financial performance of these organizations. Three theories namely the Modigliani and Miller Theory, the Pecking Order Theory, and the Trade Off Theory guided the study. The concepts of capital structure and financial performance as well as empirical literature are discussed in chapter two. A descriptive research design was adopted to describe the relationship between the variables of the study. Whereas equity capital forms the independent variable, financial performance as measured by ROA formed the dependent variable. The target population was a census of all insurance firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE). The study used secondary data extracted from the annual financial reports of respective firms from 2016 to 2020. Data coding and analysis was done using version 28 of the SPSS and STATA version 18 software while financial ratios were calculated using Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. The data was then summarized using descriptive statistics which included the standard deviation and weighted means. There were significant positive correlations between ROA and Equity Ratio, suggesting that higher equity was associated with better financial performance (ROA). Overall, the findings indicated that Equity had a positive correlation with financial performance according to regression and panel data analysis. The study recommends that insurance corporations should prioritize equity over debt in their capital structure decisions so as to increase their financial performance
Diffraction by a Parallel-Plate Multiport Using the Method of Kobayashi Potentials
Authors: Honarbakhsh Babak
Published: August 2023

 Application of Kobayashi potentials (KP) is extended to the electromagnetic (EM) diffraction from the parallel-plate multiport.
Generalized Prime Number Sequence With Proof
Authors: Yoon Jihyeon
Published: August 2023

Prime numbers could be formalized with using notation of sequence.
Prime Number Sequence Within Even Numbers
Authors: Yoon Jihyeon
Published: August 2023

In this paper, sequence of prime numbers would be investigated in even numbers. Goldbach’s conjecture is true. 
About The Number of Twin Prime
Authors: Yoon Jihyeon
Published: August 2023

The proof that there are infinite twin primes.
Understanding Collatz conjecture
Authors: Yoon Jihyeon
Published: August 2023

This paper is about understanding Collatz conjecture in hailstone numbers.
Understanding Poincaré theorem with Counterexample
Authors: Yoon Jihyeon
Published: August 2023

This paper is about understanding Poincaré theorem in the view of observation. And suggests counterexample of the proved theorem.
Basic Axiomatic Particle with CPT conservation
Authors: Yoon Jihyeon
Published: August 2023

Currently defined basic particles of the physical universe can be explained in axiomatic form following CPT conservation.
Optimal Countermeasures to Contingencies in Transmission Systems
Authors: Mesanovic Amer , Braun Sarah , Cosovic Mirsad
Published: August 2023

Rising shares of renewable generation raises uncertainty and thus the number of possible power flow scenarios in the power system, which in turn increases the possibility for unforeseen contingencies, such as power line or generator failures and their combinations. Therefore, operators cannot longer rely only on operational experience to deal with every contingency. Our proposed method involves identifying the most effective countermeasures to minimize the impact of contingencies on the power system. We take into account various options, such as load shedding, adjusting phase-shifting transformer angles, and injecting active power using fast elements. The proposed approach considers primary control of generators and its limitations in order to compensate for power imbalances in the system. The problem is formulated as a mixed-integer linear optimization problem, employing DC power flow equations. The applicability of the approach is evaluated on the IEEE 39-bus system, and the scalability of the approach is shown on five systems with up to 6470 buses.
Unsupervised Accuracy Estimation for Brain-Computer Interfaces based on Auditory Attention Decoding
Authors: Lopez-Gordo Miguel A. , Geirnaert Simon , Bertrand Alexander
Published: August 2023

Auditory attention decoding (AAD) algorithms process brain data such as electroencephalography (EEG) in order to decode to which of multiple competing sound sources a person attends. Example use cases are neuro-steered hearing aids or brain-computer interfaces (BCI) for patients with severe motor or cognitive impairments. Recently, it has been shown that it is possible to train such AAD decoders in an unsupervised setting, where there is no ground truth available regarding which of the sound sources is attended. However, in the absence of such ground-truth labels, it is difficult to quantify the accuracy of the decoders, in particular when working with patients who can neither communicate nor show any evidence of collaboration. In this paper, we use principles of digital communications to estimate the AAD accuracy during a competing talker listening task in a completely unsupervised manner. We show that our proposed unsupervised estimation technique can accurately determine the accuracy of the decoder in a transparent-for-the-user way, for different amounts of training data, decision window lengths, and amounts of estimation data. Furthermore, since different applications demand different targeted accuracies, our approach can estimate the required minimal amount of training required for any given target accuracy. In neuro-steered hearing aids, our approach could support time-adaptive decoding, dynamic gain control, and neurofeedback training. In BCIs, it could support a robust communication paradigm for caregivers and professionals to reach and gain insights into people who cannot communicate by any means.
Enhancing Breast Cancer Detection through Ultrasound Images using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs)
Authors: Francisco Santos Dheiver
Published: August 2023

This study showcases Convolutional Neural Networks' (CNNs) potential in detecting breast cancer from ultrasound images. Impressive accuracy highlights their value in precise and efficient diagnosis, paving the way for further research. The CNN's remarkable accuracy, even with a small dataset of 1,500 images, suggests enhanced performance with larger and diverse datasets. CNNs for breast cancer detection via ultrasound offer a promising, potent approach to revolutionize medical imaging and diagnosis, boosting accuracy and reliability.
On a Class of General Type-n Normal Fuzzy Sets Synthesized from Subject Matter Expert Inputs
Authors: Rickard John , Aisbett Janet , Rickard J. Tyler
Published: August 2023

Knowledge of fuzzy concepts defined on real-valued domains may be imprecise due to differing interpretations of the concept as well as to respondents’ lack of confidence in their own judgements.  This second source of imprecision has largely been ignored.  We describe a novel procedure to form an interval type-3 fuzzy set on the domain from two interval type-2 (IT2) fuzzy sets that model each of these sources of imprecision.  The first IT2 fuzzy set is on the real-valued domain and represents a consensus of opinions about the concept description.  The second IT2 fuzzy set is on the unit interval and represents a consensus of respondents’ sentiment about their own judgements.  These sets are either generated from interval inputs using the Hao-Mendel Approach, or from respondents’ selections from ordinal vocabularies whose words have IT2 representations as described by Hao and Mendel.  We show more generally how imprecision in hierarchical estimates of knowledge can be incorporated into type-n fuzzy set representations of concepts.  These representations belong to a class of general fuzzy sets constructed from IT2 fuzzy sets that support efficient type reduction. 
Realistic Performance of Tightly-Integrated 2.4 GHz Antennas for Minimum-size PCB-based Wireless Sensor Systems
Authors: Brennan Luis , Burnett David
Published: August 2023

This paper presents simulation and measurement results from a variety of compact PCBbased antenna designs suitable for wireless systems operating at 2.4 GHz using realistic implementation conditions in contrast to idealized, best-case, configurations. In particular, the input impedance, radiation pattern, and radiation efficiency were measured using a variety of simulated and physically constructed prototypes and test fixtures. The results were compared with published application notes and manufacturer specifications to obtain better estimates of antenna performance in implementations, such as centimeterscale wireless sensor nodes with size and/or weight constraints. Notable deviations from published expectations of performance were exhibited in both simulation and measurement, including absolute gain, input impedance, and radiation pattern. Reasonably high radiation efficiency was also demonstrated. Significant deviations from both simulation and manufacturer-published results were observed in all investigated parameters. Differences from datasheet values of as much as 11 dB in antenna match and 12 dBi in maximum gain are reported. These results indicate a number of important considerations for a wireless sensor system designer, including that chip antennas are highly preferable to PCB trace antennas if cost is not a concern, implementations of designs tend to decrease directivity, and as much as half the efficiency expected from simulation is seen in realistic implementation.
Investigating the Optimal Use Case For Space Solar Power Systems
Authors: Madonna Richard , kukreja aarush
Published: August 2023

We examine the optimal role, or use case, for a space solar power system (SSPS) in an electrical grid by using a full year of historical load data from three U.S. cities in different climate regions to drive a simulation of load and supply. We include the impact of the eclipsing of the power station during each equinox season. SSPS operation through eclipse requires over-sizing the space power station relative to the load, and storing the difference in energy for use during the eclipse seasons. We found the optimal use case for SSPS in cities north (south) of the subtropic region is providing the base-load supply and that load chasing may be the optimal use case for cities in the sub-tropical and tropical regions. Further analysis is needed to confirm this latter result.
QuidEst: Real-Time Monocular Depth Map to Audio Signal Conversion Algorithm
Authors: Tenze Livio , Canessa Enrique
Published: August 2023

We introduce QuidEst, a simplified computer vision-to audio signal application aiming to alert any autonomous navigator for potential threats in open spaces. It is based on associations made between real-time monocular depth map computations and spatial audio signals according to the proximity of obstacles. QuidEst is a C-based program that correlates nine specific depth map sub-regions of a video frame to spatial sound effects. The depth map is generated via MiDaS deep neural network method from a USB webcam or cellular phone camera, and the sonification within each sub-region is rendered by audio threads with a combination of faded musical notes.

QuidEst binares: https://github.com/canessae/Quidest

Supplemental video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fsVbh53SRio
Scattering Point Topology for Few-Shot Ship Classification in SAR Images
Authors: Zhang Yipeng , Lu Dongdong , Qiu Xiaolan , Li Fei
Published: August 2023

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has emerged as a critical technology for detecting and classifying objects such as ships in challenging environments. However, few-shot learning remains a challenge due to the limited availability of labeled SAR data, complex radar backscatter, and variations in imaging parameters. In this paper, we propose a novel network, Scattering Point Topology for Few-Shot Ship Classification (SPT-FSC), which addresses these challenges by incorporating scattering characteristics into the network learning process through a scattering point topology (SPT) based on scattering key points. We design a topology encoding branch (TEB) through a series of operations to encode the topological information of scattering points, resulting in a scattering point topology embedding (SPTE) that improves the network's adaptability to the imaging mechanism and reduces imaging variability in SAR images. To effectively fuse the SPTE and image features extracted from a convolutional neural network (CNN), we introduce a novel mechanism called reciprocal feature fusion attention (RFFA). Furthermore, to address the limited diversity in the training data, we apply transfer learning methodologies and construct a fine-grained ship classification dataset by combining the OpenSARShip and FUSAR-Ship datasets. Our comprehensive experiments on these datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed SPT-FSC method, achieving high accuracy and robustness in few-shot ship classification tasks for SAR images, outperforming existing methods in this domain.
An ESPRIT-Based Moving Target Sensing Method for MIMO-OFDM ISAC Systems
Authors: Xiang Yang , Gao Yuxing , Yang Xinru , Kang Shanqing , Shao Meiyun
Published: August 2023

The fusion of radar sensing and wireless communication has sparked much interest in the research of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems, among which using MIMO-OFDM systems to sense moving targets is a key task. However, the existing FFT-based moving target parameter estimation methods are severely limited by grid resolution limitations, and the sensing scheme based on a single base station can only obtain the radial velocity of the target. 

This paper transforms the problem of estimating moving target parameters into a generalized array signal form. A moving target estimation method based on the ESPRIT algorithm is proposed, achieving super-resolution and low-complexity estimation of target velocity and distance. Moreover, we offer a target actual velocity estimation scheme based on double BSs, in which the two-dimensional actual velocity vector can be estimated based on the radial velocity and geometric relationship. Simulation results have proved the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Pengaruh TAM Terhadap Keputusan Mahasiswa Universitas Raden Mas Said Surakarta Dalam Sistem Pembayaran Gopay Pada Layanan Gojek
Authors: Anwar Kholifah Yasinta , Setiawan Agus , Winargo Fitriyah Hasna Putri
Published: August 2023

Gojek hadir sebagai pemimpin e-commerce dalam sistem transportasi memberikan kemudahan kepada konsumen di Indonesia. Gojek terus berkembang kesulitan yang dihadapi konsumen saat menggunakan aplikasi, sehingga konsumen merasa nyaman menggunakan aplikasi tersebut. Salah satu inovasi yang dikeluarkan Gojek dikenal konsumen dengan sistem pembayaran gopay sebagai solusi saat konsumen tidak membawa uang tunai dan malas membayar transaksi tunai. Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) melibatkan keputusan konsumen dalam menggunakan sistem pembayaran gopay dalam penelitian ini menjelaskan persepsi manfaat, persepsi kenyamanan, kepuasan pelanggan dan sikap klien. Metode penelitian yang digunakan meliputi penggunaan data primer, data primer. Hal tersebut dilakukan dengan cara menyebarkan kuisioner kepada konsumen yang merespon sistem pembayaran gopay di aplikasi gojek minimal sebanyak lima kali dengan sistem pembayaran gopay di aplikasi gojek kepada 96 konsumen gojek dengan menggunakan teknik random sampling selama penelitian ini dilakukan. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah Smartpls. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi manfaat, persepsi kenyamanan, sikap konsumen berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan konsumen sistem pembayaran gopay layanan gojek di Surakarta
Authors: Utomo Heri Catur Fredi , Pratama Reyhan Ramzy Rudi
Published: August 2023

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengkaji dampak manfaat kemudahan, kegunaan, kemampuan akses dan pelayanan terhadap minat mahasiswa UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta menggunakan BRIMO. Penelitian dari ini pada mahasiswa UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta yang menggunakan BRImo. Jumlah sample yang digunakan 107 responden. Dalam pengujian ini menggunakan metode uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji asumsi klasik dan analisis regresi berganda. Perhitungan data menggunakan software SPSS versi 23. Penelitian  metode yang digunakan kuantitatif dan menggunakan teori technology acceptance model (TAM) dengan 5 variabel yaitu variablekemudahan, kegunaan, kemampuan akses, pelayanan kebermanfaatan dan minat. Hasil dari penelitian ini terdapat variable yang tidak berpengaruh signifikasi yaitu variabel kemanfaatan sedangkan variabelkemudahan, kegunaan, kemampuan akses dan pelayanan berpengaruh signifikasi terhadap variable minat. Hasil penelitian tersebut diketahui bahwavariabel kemudahan, kegunaan dan kemampuan akses berpengaruh secara signifikasi terhadap minat menggunakan BRIMO, sedangkan pada variable kemanfaatan tidak berpengaruh terhadap minat menggunakan BRIMO.

Kata kunci :kemudahan, kegunaan, kemampuan akses, manfaat dan minat
Authors: Firmansyah Bayu , Putri Yola Amelda , Wandrizal Wandrizal
Published: August 2023

Perubahan nilai tukar adalah perihal urgent sebab nilai tukar tidak tetap dari waktu ke waktu dan tidak permanen. Dalam teori ekonomi, seseorang dapat mengurangi dan meningkatkan kuantitas uang jika dikejar secara adil, karena tanpa usaha seseorang, ia tidak dapat berkembang dengan sendirinya. Dalam sistem ekonomi islam pertukaran mata uang masih menjadi kontroversi karena nilai tukar yang beredar masih mengalami perubahan. Begitu juga implikasi dari perubahan nilai tukar, yang memiliki prinsip-prinsip yang perlu ditinjau dari perspektif ekonomi islam. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan, literatur menyebutkan: (1) nilai tukar dalam ekonomi islam adalah elemen suatu kegiatan yang diperkenankan. Pertukaran alat tukar antar negara yang sama ataupun negaara yang berbeda hendaklah sesuai ketetapan  pekonomian syariah, (2) penerapan pergantian nilai tukar mata uang tak hanya berakibat untuk tingkat produk lokal tapi juga mempengaruhi nilai mata uang sebuah negara, karenanya deflasi dan inflasi tak bisa terhindarkan. Inplikasi dari perubahn nilai tukar tersebut yang dicari oleh bangsa kita bahwa kekacauan mata uang merasuki Indonesia dan negara lainnya di asia. Ekonomi runtuh sebab perubahannya nilai tukar mata uang, sehingga menyebabkan meningkatnya harga produk baik barang lokal ataupun luar negeri menjadi tinggi. (3) pada tatanan ekonomi syariah, konsepsi nilai waktu bukanlah uang, namun Masa depan yang mempunyaii tarif ekonomi, bukan uang yang memiliki nilai waktu.
The intellectual buildings of political violence among the Kharijites
Authors: فلفل محمد إبراهيم
Published: August 2023

Through the foregoing, it can be said that the Kharijite sect practiced political violence against the other and judged those who opposed them to disbelief and the permissibility of killing him, as happened in their killing of Abdullah bin Al-Khabab from the legacy and others and their saying that the Imamate is permissible in Quraysh and others and their denial of the arbitration of men, and their claim that it is blasphemy, and unites them Saying disavowal from the Commander of the Faithful, Ali ibn Abi Talib (g), and they give precedence to that over all obedience, and they disbelieve those who commit major sins, and their use of the saying (there is no judgment except for God), and the Kharijites with this slogan go to the fact that God Almighty is the one who must take over the judgment in all disputes and adversaries that It lies between humans and not only that, but this slogan has evolved to the point that the Kharijites have taken relentless efforts towards the application of (the rule of God).
التباين المكاني لمستويات الخصوبة في محافظات العراق للمدة 1997-2007
Authors: النجم ضياء جعفر
Published: August 2023

أوضحهذاالبحثمعرفةالتوزيعالمكانيلمستوياتالخصوبةالسكانيةفيالعراقوبيانأسبابواتجاهالخصوبةالسكانيةللمدة 1997- 2007  ،ومعرفةهذاالاتجاهمنخلالاستخدامالتحليلالإحصائيباستخدامالدرجةالمعياريةلكافةمستوياتالخصوبةفيالعراق،حيثتناولمعدلالمواليدالخام،معدلالخصوبةالعام،معدلالخصوبةالعمريالنوعي،معدلالخصوبةالكلي،معدلالتكاثرالإجماليونسبةالأطفالإلىالنساء.لذاتعدمنأبرزالنتائجالتيتوصلإليهاالبحثبأنمعدلالمواليدخلالالمدةالمدروسةلميرتفعإلابشكلطفيفجداوانمعدلالخصوبةالعاماتجهنحوالانخفاضبشكلملحوظوانالفئةالعمرية (25- 29) عامتمثلأعلىالمراحلالعمريةلدىالإناثوانمعدلالخصوبةالكليومعدلالتكاثرالإجماليونسبةالأطفالإلىالنساءانخفضفيالعراقبشكلملحوظجدا،لذامنالضروريتنظيمالأسرةمنخلالالتوعيةالنساءبوسائلمنعالحملوالحثوالتشجيععلىحصولالنساءعلىالمستوىالتعليميالمطلوبوالعملعلىجعلكافةالمحافظاتبنفسالاتجاهمنحيثمستوياتالخصوبةمنخلالالتخطيطوالتنظيمالأسري
Bidda and its importance in Islamic thought
Authors: آلوس مناف حيدر
Published: August 2023

The most important results that we reached at the end of the research, for brevity:
1- The subject of Bidda follows the subject of knowledge, and is a natural consequence of it.
2- There is no one among the Muslims who adheres to the linguistic meaning of al-Bida’ if it means knowledge after ignorance, because this is what reason and tradition assert are invalid, and in the honorable hadith: “God did not show him ignorance.”
3- Although it is well-known that Al-Bida’ is one of the Shia’s specializations, the other group believes in its scientific content, and the dispute between the two teams is verbal, as pointed out by Sheikh Al-Mufid, and others followed him on that.
Consistency and its impact on the Quranic discourse A semantic reading in the story of Prophet Solomon (PBUH)
Authors: حمد رجاء محسن
Published: August 2023

And you read the Holy Qur’an from its beginning to its end, as if it was emptied into a single alloy, and there is hardly any disintegration between its parts, as if it were a knot made of unique pearls. Therefore, textual coherence represents an important dimension in the study of the Qur’anic text, and standing on the nature of the linguistic system that is composed and formed for it, in order to reach a conclusion. The semantic value in it, and from this basis came this research tagged (consistency and its impact on the Quranic discourse - a semantic reading in the story of the Prophet Solomon (A).
Dimensions of poetic experience in the poetry of Adnan Al-Sayegh
Authors: تهراني حسن دادخواه , عمير مالك كعب , عچرش خيرية
Published: August 2023

The term poetic experience is new in modern Arab criticism, although its content is known in our ancient criticism. Critics have unanimously agreed that experience in life is the basis for poetic experience, and they have also agreed that the source of successful experience is the soul when it interacts with an event, and the poet formulates it in the form of a poem, through language, image and rhythm.
 
His poems are an addition and uniqueness to the Iraqi and Arab poetic experience, in an atmosphere charged with nostalgia, love and freedom. Al-Sayegh's poems, which do not stop at the signs of a dream, revolve around glowing to ascend unfamiliar horizons.
Conflicts, famines, and natural pests and their impact on Tunisian society during the era of the Hafsid state (603 AH-1206 AD / 981 AH-1573 AD)
Authors: الموسوي نوال تركي , العوادي نجاة شنان
Published: August 2023

The study of the history of the Maghreb, in its various stages, was of great importance to a number of researchers, because their history was full of important events that affected and were affected by the course of their social, economic and political lives of the countries at the level of the general population with its various social groups, despite what these states that established in the Maghreb were full of. In general and in Ifriqiya in particular, especially the Hafsid state, which lasted three and a half centuries, of interest, study and scrutiny to highlight its political, economic and cultural role in this part of the Islamic world. However, some of its aspects, especially the social aspect, still lack interest and study, so this fact constituted the goal and importance for choosing the topic
The semantic dimensions of similar contexts in the Quranic text
Authors: صاحب جليلة صالح , عبد العبــاس فضيلة , راضـي تماضــر قائـــد
Published: August 2023

The research reached the following results:
_ Ancient linguists alerted before the contemporary to the need to refer to the semantics of the context to determine the meaning, and that the words and structures and the text after that are not understood precisely unless they are linked to the context, and this is evidence that the context is the environment in which the semantics of words and structures are affected, so if the words moved to Another environment, that is, another context, led to other connotations, and this obligates the person who analyzes the text to link the text particles with the context in order to reach the speaker's intent.
_ The context has the greatest impact in choosing words or formulas over others, so what justifies this choice is a special significance,
Studying some of quality characteristic of local and hybrid turkey meat and Comparative the effect of genotype ,Sex and Age on it
Authors: AL-Hajo Nadia N.A. , AL-Khilani Firas M.H. , Naif Yousif.A.
Published: August 2023

This study was conducted in the Station of Poultry Researches \ Department of Animal Research \ Ministry of Agriculture ,to investigate the effect of genotype ,sex and age on some carcass measurements  of  local and hybrid  turkey meat. Twenty four birds of turkey were slaughter from research flock(240 birds), ( 12 ) birds of local turkey males & females  and  ( 12 ) birds of hybrid turkey( males & females) in ages ( 43, 30 ) weeks . results  showed  as  following :There were significant differences ( P >0.05 )increased in   thigh, breast,  wing ,back and  neck for turkey local and hybrid male at 43  week of age compared with female, while there is no significantly differences were found in the same cuts of all treatments  , Physical dissection ( lean, bone and skin) were showed a significant   ( P >0.05 ) increased for local and hybrid turkey male at 43 week of age comparative with female, while there are a significant ( P >0.05 ) decreased in physical dissection ( lean, bone and skin) for turkey local male (30 week) there are no significantly differences between another treatments  . Giblet weight for hybrid female(43 weeks) decreased ( P >0.05 ) compared with other treatments , and a significant ( P >0.05 ) increased in female local  of abdominal fat at 43 week ,while the treatments of hybrid male in 30 week age have a decrease( P >0.05 ) on it. No significant differences between treatment for pH
Study the effect of addition different levels ofParsley Leaves (petroselinumsativum) crushed to the ration on productive traitsof broiler Ross 308
Authors: Ali Nihad Abdul-Lateef , AL-Kaissy Galib A. , AL- Nasrawi Mamdooh A. M.
Published: August 2023

This study was conducted at Poultry Farm of Animal Resources Dept., College of Agriculture, University of AL-Qasim Green to investigate Study the effect of addition different levels of Parsley Leaves (petroselinumsativum)crushed to the ration on productive traits of broiler Ross 308.Use the 180broiler chicks Ross 308 day-old were randomly assigned to fourtreatments (by 3 replicates per treatment 15 chicks per replicate),and treatments were as follows: Treatment for the first (control) without adding Parsley Leave scrushed into the ration, the second treatment: Add Parsley Leave scrushed by 500 mg / kg feed, third-treatment: Add Parsley Leave scrushed by a 1000 mg / kg feed and treatment fourth: Add Parsley Leaves crushed by a 1500 mg / kg feed.. The experiment included a study of the following characteristics: body weight, weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion efficiency and mortality.
The results indicated that the addition of Parsley Leaves by 1000 and 1500 mg / kg feed to broiler diet led to a significant improvement in the body weigh t, despite the arithmetic superiority to the rest of the qualities of productivity, but it did not reach the moral                               .It concluded from this experience, that the addition of Parsley Leaves by 1000  and 1500 mg / kg feed to the ration can lead to the improvement of some production traits of broiler chickens.
Extraction of biofilm produced by Escherichia coli that are isolated from animals infected with diarrhea and study its protective role
Authors: Abdul-Ratha Hassan A. , Nadhom Ban N.
Published: August 2023

This study was conducted to detect the ability of E.coli isolated from diarrhea to produce biofilm and protection against diseases cause by these bacteria compared with whole cell sonicated antigen.
One hundred two fecal samples (52 fecal samples from cows, calves and 50 fecal samples from sheep,goat) were collected   from College of veterinary medicine-university of Baghdad, College of Agriculture-university of Baghdad, Dora zone and Abu-Ghraib zone. Samples were cultured on MacConkey and Eosin Methylene Blue agar and after purification of cultured bacteria, biochemical tests, API 20 E System and RapIDTM ONE System kit were done.
 Results showed that  91 out of  102 fecal samples have the characteristics belong to E.coli ,the ability of these isolates to produce biofilm were detected and the results showed that 38 out of 49 E.coli  isolates from fecal samples of cow  produce biofilm (77.55%)and 39 out of 42 E.coli  isolates from fecal samples of sheep produce biofilm (92.85%) with different thickness ranged between (0.2-2)mm, while 11 isolates from 49 fecal samples of cow and calves and 39 isolates from 42 fecal samples of sheep had not  produce biofilm.
The results showed that protein concentration of biofilm was 92 mg/ml for one isolate and 70 mg/ ml for the whole sonicated antigen of the bacteria that produce biofilm.
Three types of bacterial antigens were prepared as follow; Whole cell sonicated antigen (WCA) of biofilm producer E.coli, biofilm extract antigen (biA) with protein concentration 3.5 mg/ml and biofilm extract antigen (biA) with protein concentration 14 mg/ml, then these antigens were injected in 50 healthy White BALB mice.
Results  showed that survival time of animals in the immunized group with biofilm antigen of high protein concentration (14 mg/ml)  was longer (652.8 hrs) than  animals immunized with whole sonicated antigen of protein concentration 3.5 mg/ml antigen (378 hrs ) and than the group with biofilm antigen of protein concentration 3.5 mg/ml (513.6 hrs)   , heavy bacterial isolation were recorded in the internal organs of the immunized infected animals at (12-48) hours post infection, while moderate bacterial isolation at day 30 post infection.
Histopathological examination showed large abscess which caused adhesion of liver with stomach and spleen with stomach and pancreas surround by dense cellular fibrous tissue, the result showed that all animals of control positive group,5 animals of group injected with(WCA) produce biofilm,3 animals of group injected with (biA) 3.5 mg/ml and 1 animal of group injected with (biA) 14 mg/ml were died during 12-48 hours post infection, acute suppurative reaction were seen in internal organs of animals died at 12-24 hours post infection, granulomatous lesions were seen in most internal organs of animals in group 2 , 3 and 4 at day 30 post challenge, while mild inflammatory reaction was recorded in most internal organs of  group 4 at day 30 post challenge.
Identification of the potential vector of some Spirurida (Parabronema skrijabini) in dromedary in Iraq.
Authors: Alfatlawi MA
Published: August 2023

This search carried out to determine the possible vector of the Parabronema skrijabini, 44% of 43 samples from camels were infected, infection isolated from abomasum. 141 parasites found in 19 infected camels, worm burden ranged from 1-13 per head, in range 7.4 parasite\camel.
423 flies were collected, 6 species of flies were identified. Stomoxys calcitrans was 26.7% of them (113 of 423).
Rate of infection in camels with P. skrijabini and number of flies increased concurrently with decrement of temperature.
Detection of Campylobacter Spp. In Cheese of Awassi ewes milk and its effect in Public Health
Authors: Al-Shdidi Ahmed M. S. , Asmael Muna M. , Al-Zubaidy Rafid S.A.
Published: August 2023

The study conducted to indicate the experimentally comparative measurements of Campylobacter spp. Load with food poisoning and to investigate the effect of different types and concentrations of Emulsifying salts : (Sodium Carbonate Na2CO3 , triSodium Citrate Na3C6H5O7 , Sodium tripolyphosphat (STPP) Na5P3O10) , to choose the best mix of them that reduce the microbial load in locally produce cheese . 60 samples of Cheese locally produced from milk of Awassi ewes were been collected randomly from Local Awassi Flock of College of Agriculture at Baghdad University (Iraq) , ( 30 samples to each winter and spring season ) to investigate their microbial load .  Both of all winter and spring samples were in significant (p<0.05) microbial count of Campylobacter spp. . The Bacterio-(static&cidal) effect of Emulsifying salts on microbial activity was confirmed when The Total Bacterial Count (TBC) were highly significant (p<0.01) reduce in cooked cheese with 3% Emulsifying salts added . The Campylobacter spp. count in nutrient broth with 3% Emulsifying salts added were significant (p<0.05) reduce .
Isolation of Clostridium species from abomasal lesions of sheep
Authors: Noori Sabah , Jassim Asaad
Published: August 2023

This is the first study in  Iraq aimed to isolate and identify  of Clostridium  bacteria from the abomasal lesions of sheep.
One hundred abomasal samples collected from slaughtered sheep in slaughterhouse of Al-Qasim city, Babylon governorate  in Iraq. abomasal lesions was detected, swabs taken from lesions for bacterial isolation.
Nodules, ulcers and hemorrhage lesions were found in abomasa exam as well as parasites .Direct smear from ulcers  showed presence  of large gram positive bacilli in large numbers and nodules have  been given the higher percentage of  bacterial isolation more than from ulcers.
Fourteen isolates (14%) was C. perferengens  as six isolates from ulcer ( 42.8%) and eight isolates from nodules (57.14%),while  C.sordelli only four isolates were found in ulcers at 4%. In this study concluded that  Clostridium spp. which considered the primary causes of abomasal lesions.
Isolation and Identification of toxigenic strains of E.coli from local cheese and evaluate their resistance to antibiotics
Authors: Jaafar Mohammed Mosa , Odha Hussein , Khalid Salwa khudadad , Mahmood Naam
Published: August 2023

Raw milk cheese is considered a srisk for food borne shiga-toxin-producing E.coli (STEC) contamination .The aim of the study is to isolation and identification of isolated strains by using serological and molecular methods.In this study 60 raw milk cheese samplas were collected from different local of Baghdad city (each 10 sample from each region of Baghdad) such as (Algadeda Baghdad,Gesser Diyala.Fudhaliyah.sader city.Kadhimiyh area and Rashid district)The isolated samples were cullured in selective media for identification and biochemical tests by using API 20 E and also by PCR technique for the presence of (STEC) by using bfp gene markers (stx1,stx2). The results showed the presence of E.coli 0.26 haemorrhagic type (EHEC) and the Enteropathogenic strain of E.coli (0.86,0.127.0.128) and the Enteroaggregative strain of E.coli (0.55). On the level of serological the isolates gave positive result that indicate presence of shiga toxin (stx1.stx2)in raw milk cheese .The result also showed multiple resistant of certain antibiotic(Amicillin 100%, Nalidixic acid and tetracycline and Gentamicin 80%, while was observed sensitive to Amikacin 100% and trimethoprim and cefotaxin 80.
Histological and surgical study of the henna on wound healing in animals Field ( Sheep )
Authors: Mohammad Ahmed Jasim
Published: August 2023

Wounding in first group, while in second group it was more than 4 weeks. Within the clinical follow up, no complications occurred in the first group, while the second group showed some complications such as infection and abscess formation. Histopathological examination showed formation of granulation tissue in Henna treated group was faster than control group and the regular collagen fiber noticed at 15 days post treated with Henna.The present study demonstrates that use of Henna is useful for treatment and accelerates healing of full thickness wounds of skin in the current study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Henna in the treatment of skin wounds in sheep ( 5)  , Awassi rams were used in this study. The animals were randomly 2 groups ( control &treated ) , 5cm injury full-thickness skin wound was created on the right flank region of each animal. The wounds in first group were treated with Henna single daily after operation until complete healing was occurred, while its in second group treated with sterile saline solution as control group.The results revealed the wound healing process in Henna treated group occurred faster than the control group ,  the healing occurred in 14-15 days after treated .
Ultrastructure Morphology of Camel Blood Cells
Authors: Al-Jashamy Karim A. , Sawad Alaa A.
Published: August 2023

The main purpose of this study was to provide a basic cytology of camel blood by electron microscopy.Camel blood was collected, prepared, identified from two adult of one-humped female camels were clinically healthy. The fine structure of the red cells in camels was investigated and certain characteristic features were noted.The Scanning electron micrograph of camel erythrocytes showing elliptical shape and tropical waist (Tw) non-nucleated with 7.0±0.5 µm in diameter. The transmission of electron microscopy of camel erythrocytes showed elliptical shape and tropical waist (Tw), also a trilaminar of membranes (Me) of marginal band that a zone of high electron density. The area of (Me) showed structures are dense and the (Me) was contacted with individual microtubules (Mt). There are few intracellular organelles were observed with the occasional exception of number of mitochondria (Mi). The camel erythrocyte is trilaminar, the inner and outer membranes are of high electron density between which is a zone of lesser electron density. There are few intracellular organelles were observed with the occasional exception of number of mitochondria. The erythrocyte marginal band consisting of microtubules was observed.The fine structure of the camel monocytes showed revealed the presence of a few short cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum and various forms of vesicles associated with the Golgi complex were seen near the mitochondria, which are located adjacent to the main indentation in the nuclei. Membrane bound granules of different sizes and spherical or oval in shape, were observed, vacuoles of various forms, a well-defined Golgi complex, few rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria were noticed randomly distributed in the cytoplasm.
Histopathological effect of cold environment on pulmonary tissue in Local (Gallus Gallus) and foreign ( Turkey broiler) breeds of chickens in Iraq
Authors: Hussin Amer M. , Falih Inam B. , Nasser Rabab AbdAlameer
Published: August 2023

The present study was carried out on forty local and foreign broiler  chickens (twenty for each) (one day old), reared for 35 days under cold environment (January and February-2015). The aim of this study was to assess the histopathological effect of cold stress and the cellular response of pulmonary tissue. All experimental animals were weighed then  sacrificed and the lungs were collected and weighed. Specimens were fixed by 10% neutral buffer formalin. Routine histological preparations were carried out. Hematoxylin & Eosin was used for staining. At the end of the experiment, both breeds showed different signs of respiratory response. The work revealed that the pulmonary cellular lesions in foreign breed were more severe andmore extensive than inlocal breed. In local breed, the cellular regenerative response represented by infiltration of immune cells was more efficient , and consequently, the current study revealed that Iraqi local breed was more resistant to environmental stress than European foreign breed which registered a respiratory infection at the end of rearing period. The larger relative size of the lung in European breed may explain the higher injury of its pulmonary tissue. It was concluded that the local breed was more adaptive to cold stress than the foreign breed.
Effect of some minerals in soil and forage on same minerals in cattle plasma at three sites in the province of Thi-Qar
Authors: Al-Ghareebawi Aamir M. Abed , Almansor Kadhimiyah J. Abdullah , Muhammad Muhammad Jassim
Published: August 2023

The objective of this investigation is to evaluate the level of the some minerals (sodium, potassium and calcium) in the soil, forage and Cattle plasma, the specimens taken from three districts (Nasriya, Shatra and Sookalshukh) in Thi-qar province. Results showed an increase in the concentration of sodium element in soils Nasiriya, potassium, calcium element in soils Sookalshukh region compared to other regions, while plants Sookalshukh region showed the highest concentration of sodium and calcium either the Nasiriya area showed the highest concentration of potassium compared to other regions.
The results show that significant (p≤0.05) increase in the cattle plasma  sodium concentration in Nasriya region compared with the Shatra and Sookalshukh , significant (p≤0.05) increase in Cattle plasma  potassium concentration in Nasriya district compared with Shatra and Sookalshukh  but there is significance (p≤0.05) change found in Cattle plasma  calcium in shatra compared  with the two studied areas. There was a highly significant between grass and animal sodium and potassium element, soil and grass and animals of the calcium element.
Study the role CoQ10 in improvement of reproductionefficiency in male wister rats
Authors: Al-Rumaidh Shaymaa Z. , Jawed Sanaa T. , Hussain Hussain A.
Published: August 2023

The current study was carried in physiology and pharmacology department at college of veterinary medicine, Al-Qadiysia University. The aim of this study was clarified the effect of Coenzyme Q10 in improvement of reproductive efficiency in male Wister rats after exposed to oxidative stress by lead acetate.40 male rats at 60 days old with 135±11gm in weight were divided into four equal groups, The first group was given distilled water with orally gavage for 60 days as control group (C).The second group (T1)wasgiven CoQ10 (200mg/kg/b.w)for 60 days , while the third group (T2) given lead acetate (10mg/kg/b.w) for 60 days. The forth(T4) group was gives lead acetate (10mg/kg/b.w) for 30 days then given CoQ10 for 30 days. At 60 days of experiment all animals were sacrified, sample of testis taken for measure the gene expression of(CYP17 and CPY11), gene expression results were revealed that there is up regulation (p≤0.05) in T1 compared with T2.
Effect of Dexamethasone drug on bleomycin -inducedpulmonary fibrosis in experimental rats
Authors: Th. Mahdi M. , Ibrahim Maha K.
Published: August 2023

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is an irreversible and largely untreatable human disease encompasses a large group of chronic lung disorders associated with excessive remodeling, scarring, and fibrosis.The present study investigated the protective effect of dexamethasone administration against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in adult male rats.A total of 40 male adult albino rats (Rattus norvegicous) weighing from 200-250 gm each, were divided into four groups of (10) animals each. The first group received a daily intraperitonial (i.p) injection of vehicle normal saline (0.5ml\animal, daily to end experiment), and served as control group. Animals in the second, third and fourth groups were administrated i.p. with bleomycin (15mg\kg\3times weekly for 3 wks), dexamethasone  1mg ∕ kg body weight (B/wt.) (diluted in 0.5ml saline) as a single dose daily for3wks and dexamethasone a combination with bleomycin simultaneously to end experiment, respectively.  The present study, displayed that the biochemical results determined the levels of Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathion peroxidase (GSHpx) and Hydroxyproline(HYP) content in blood serum of animals. Where after oral administration of dexamethasone in combination with bleomycin, showed that dexamethasone significantly increase SOD P˂0.001 and GSHpx P˂0.001 levels, and decreased HYP P˂0.001 contents in blood stream of the rats in comparison with bleomycin group. On the contrary, study showed after intraperitonial injection of bleomycin alone, decreased level of SOD, GSHpx and increased of HYP content in blood serum of rats in comparison of control group. On the other hand, microscopical observations clarified that bleomycin injection showed that Most lung sections of BLM treated rats showed extensive damage of the lung tissue with loss of the normal alveolar architecture and majority of the alveolar walls were occupied by collagenous fibers, Results also clarified rupture of interalveolar septa forming large irregular emphysematous air spaces, Furthermore, lung sections of bleomycin – treated rats showed heavily infiltration with mononuclear inflammatory cells mostly lymphocytes, macrophages and moderate degeneration bronchioles epithelium. The  study clarified that lung sections from animals treated with both (BLM) and dexamethasone, was restored normal tissue, slight thickening, and space expansion, mild edema of the interstitium and alveolar spaces with clear terminal bronchioles. Nevertheless, still congested of interalveolar septa and scattered inflammatory cells.This investigation has clearly identified the importance role of dexamethasone as inhibitor factor on pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin, therefore,  the findings may be offer one of therapeutic strategy to prevent the lung fibrosis in experimental rats model.