bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Melhor livro para criança em 2016 – Inês, de Roger Mello e Mariana Massarani – o que diz a crítica?
Authors: Bom Fim Maria Tereza
Published: August 2019

El objetivo es comprender qué concepciones de niño y lectura atravesan los discursos de los lectores votantes que premiaron a Inés, de Roger Mello y Mariana Massarani como el mejor libro para ni-ños por la Fundación Nacional del Libro Infantil y Juvenil en 2016. Bajo la óptica del Análisis del Discurso foucaultiana se aborda el concepto de enunciado y formación discursiva, considerando estos presupuestos: i) esos lectores son considerados sujetos competentes para asumir la palabra en relación a una literatura de calidad ii) sus opiniones son acontecimientos discursivos; y iii) todo enunciado tiene una materialidad. Elaborar opiniones es un modo de textualizar impresiones, sen-tidos. La actividad discursiva puede reintegrar conocimientos en los que la tónica es despertar la mirada múltiple del lector. En Inés, palabra e imagen se funden, complementan e incorporan datos de la infancia por el lector adulto. Discurso atravesado por relaciones de saber y poder.
Psychothérapie intégrative : Modele Analytico-Systemique (MAS)
Authors: Makke Prof. Abbas M.
Published: August 2019

Nous partons de la pensée scientifique, expérimentale et mathématique de Paul Fraisse, de Marc Barbut, d’Einstein, d’Henri Poincaré, d’Ahmad Zewail, de Freud, de Pierre Fedida (psychopathologie fondamentale et centre d’étude du vivant), et de Mony elKaim avec la résonance et le pont thérapeutique), de la neuropsychanalyse[1] et surtout de « l’histoire de la musique arabe » et de l’expérience des Soufis arabes avec Ibn Hazm et les séances du Samma’a avec Ibn Arabi (en les analysant comparées aux séances psychothérapeutiques).
Notre intervention est basée sur la pensée scientifique, poétique et musicale (ayant l’effet du Alchifa’a = la guérison) de Ibn Sina et de Ibn Roshd, « géants arabes » qui ont marqué notre congrès régional de Beyrouth (2015- thème : médicine, psychothérapie et transmission culturelle). C’est surtout Ibn Arabi et Ibn Hazm qui nous ont aidés à mieux comprendre la philosophie du Congrès de Paris et à mieux comprendre, avec Aragon- influencé par Ibn Sina et Ibn Hazm- qu’ à travers les « yeux » (d’Elsa) et la voix de la musique et des poèmes chantés, que l’amour peut être une cause de douleur et d’abandon comme une source de vie et d’ouverture au monde ! Voilà la tache de la psychothérapie - qui pour être plus efficace et pertinente – se doit d’être plus intégrative. De là est élaboré notre modèle schématisé par le mécanisme de formation du symptôme.
ОБ ОСОБЕННОСТЯХ УПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ УКРАИНИЗМОВ И АРХАИЗМОВ В ПРОИЗВЕДЕНИЯХ Н.С.ЛЕСКОВА
Authors: Esanov Uktam
Published: August 2019

В статье рассматривается смысловая стилистическая нагрузка украинизмов и
архаизмов в произведениях Н. С. Лескова. Используя данные толковых словарей русского языка, на фактическом материале проанализированы способы введения и методы пояснения украинизмов и архаизмов в тексте произведения, непосредственно самим автором или издателями произведений, а также в статье рассматриваются некоторые неточности при определении украинизмов и архаизмов известным немецким исследователем языка Н.С. Лескова В. Гирке.

Мақолада Н. С. Лесков асарларида украинизм ва архаизмларнинг маъновий-стилистик юкламаси ўрганилган. Барча рус тили изоҳли луғатларидаги мавжуд маълумотлардан фойдаланган ҳолда хақиқатда мавжуд материаллар асосида бадиий асар матнига муаллиф ёки ноширлар томонидан украинизм ва архаизмларни киритиш усуллари ва тушунтириш методлари таҳлил этилган. Шунингдек, мақолада Н. С. Лесков асарлари тил хусусиятларини ўрганган таниқли немис тадқиқотчиси В. Гиркенинг адиб асарларидаги украинизм ва архаизмларни аниқлашда йўл қўйган камчиликлари ҳам кўриб чиқилган.

The article discusses the semantic stylistic load of Ukrainism and archaisms in the works
of N.S. Leskov. Using the data of the Russian language explanatory dictionaries, the methods of
introduction and methods of explaining Ukrainisms and archaisms in the text of the work, directly by the author or publishers of works, are analyzed using factual material, as well as the article discusses some inaccuracies in the definition of Ukrainisms and archaisms of the famous German researcher V. Girke.
К ПРОБЛЕМЕ СЕМАНТИЧЕСКОГО ТОЛКОВАНИЯ ГРАММАТИЧЕСКОЙ КАТЕГОРИИ ВИДА ГЛАГОЛОВ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА
Authors: Abdurakhmanov Fakhriddin
Published: August 2019

В статье рассматривается грамматическая категория вида русского глагола, которая, как известно, является одной из сложных в русской грамматике. Категория вида является одним из способов концептуализации действительности и, соответственно, выбор видовой формы зависит не столько от объективных факторов, сколько от намерений говорящего. Наличие двух граммем позволяет говорить о наличии двух способов концептуализации действительности, очевидных для носителей языка.

Мақолада рус тили грамматикасида энг қийинлардан бири бўлган рус феълининг грамматик тоифаси ҳақида гап боради. Турнинг тоифаси ҳақиқатни контсептсиялашнинг усулларидан биридир ва шунга мувофиқ, муайян шаклни танлаб олиш, спектакл ниятида бўлгани каби, объектив омилларга боғлиқ эмас. Икки граммнинг мавжудлиги, аслида ҳақиқат контсептсиялаштирувчи икки усул мавжудлигини кўрсатади.

The article deals with the grammatical category of the Russian verb type, which is known to be one of the most difficult in Russian grammar. The category of a species is one of the ways to conceptualize reality and, accordingly, the choice of a specific form depends not so much on objective factors as on the speaker's intentions. The presence of two grammes suggests that there are two ways of conceptualizing reality that are obvious to native speakers.
ЗУЛФИЯ ИЖОДИДА МОТИВЛАР КОНЦЕПЦИЯСИ
Authors: Umurova Guzal
Published: August 2019

Мақолада шоира Зулфия ижоди моҳиятини белгилаган поэтик тил, бадиий услуб ва мотивлар орқали лирик қаҳрамон руҳий ҳолати ўрганилган. Зулфия шеъриятидаги мотивлар таснифланиб, шоира шеърларининг маъно-мазмуни таҳлил қилинган. Шоира ижодида мавжуд мотивлар концепцияси назарий жиҳатдан мукаммаллашганлиги аниқланган.

В статье на основе анализа поэтического языка, художественного стиля и художественных мотивов поэтессы описывается состояние лирического героя. В статье на основе классификации мотивов поэзии Зульфии анализируются ее смысл и содержание. Концепция мотивов в творчестве поэтессы совершенствуется с теоретической точки зрения. В результате появляются представление о мотивах творчества писателя у читателя.

The article discusses the plight of hero through the poetic language, art style and motif that defines essence of the poetess. Zulfiya's motifs are classified and analyzed by her poetry in terms of meaning and content. The essence of the concept of predatory motifs in the poetry creativity is theoretically enhanced. As a result, the reader's ideas about motives and uniqueness are deepened.
Chiral nanostructures self-assembled from nitrocinnamic amide amphiphiles: substituent and solvent effects
Authors: Jiang Hejin , Fan Huahua , Jiang Yuqian , Zhang Li , Liu Minghua
Published: August 2019

Chiral nanostructures, such as α-helical proteins and double helix DNA, are widely found in biological systems and play a significant role in the biofunction of life. These structures are essentially fabricated through the covalent or noncovalent bonds between small chiral molecules. It is thus an important issue to understand how small chiral molecules can form chiral nanostructures. Here, using a series of isomeric nitrocinnamic amide derivatives, we have investigated the self-assembly behavior and the effect of the substituent position as well as the solvent on the formation of chiral nanostructures. It was found that totally different chiral nanostructures were formed due to the different positions of the nitro group on the cinnamic amide. Moreover, it was found that the chiral sense of the self-assembled nanostructures can be regulated by the solvent whereby helicity inversion was observed. This work provides a simple way to regulate the self-assembly pathway via molecular design and choice of solvent for the controlled creation of chiral nanostructures.
Solution-processible Cd-doped ZnO nanoparticles as an electron transport layer to achieve high performance polymer solar cells through improve conductivity and light transmittance
Authors: Li Jianfeng , Ren Meiling , Qing Jicheng , Wang Yufei , Liang Zezhou , Wang Ningning , Tong Junfeng , Yang Chunyan , Xia Yangjun
Published: August 2019

In this work, electron transport layers (ETLs)with high charge transfer ability was fabricated by doping ZnO nanoparticles with different concentrations of cadmium. The performance for an inverted polymer solar cell based on PTB7-Th: PC71BM with 5% cadmium doping of zinc oxide nanoparticles (CZO) ETL is better than pure ZnO,which can enhance the short-circuit current (J
SC), from 16.30 mA/cm2 to 17.15 mA/cm2, the fill factor (FF) from 64.45% to 69.38%, power conversion efficiency（PCE）from 8.09% to 9.28%. It's consequence of performance stems from curbing interfacial charge recombination and effective charge extraction. Meanwhile, Taking a series of characterization methods, such as atomic force microscopy (AFM), the space charge limited current (SCLC), transmittance, the charge dissociation probabilities (P(E,T)), photo-electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results indicate that the electrical conductivity and transmittance of the films are improved by incorporation of Cd in the ZnO film, restrained surface charge recombination and enhanced the electron-transport capability. Therefore, the ETL of Cd-doped will be an ideal candidate for future optoelectronic devices.
Observations of CH3OH and CH3CHO in a Sample of Protostellar Outflow Sources
Authors: Holdship Jonathan , Viti Serena , Codella Claudio , Rawlings Jonathan , Jimenez-Serra Izaskun , Ayalew Yenabeb , Curtis Justin , Habib Annur , Lawrence Jamel , Warsame Sumaya , Horn Sarah
Published: August 2019

IRAM 30 m Observations toward eight protostellar outflow sources were taken in the 96–176 GHz range. Transitions of CH3OH and CH3CHO were detected in seven of them. The integrated emissions of the transitions of each species that fell into the observed frequency range were measured and fit using RADEX and LTE models. Column densities and gas properties inferred from this fitting are presented. The ratio of the A and E-type isomers of CH3OH indicates that the methanol observed in these outflows was formed on the grain surface. Both species demonstrate a reduction of terminal velocity in their line profiles in faster outflows, indicating destruction in the post-shock gas phase. This destruction, and a near constant ratio of the CH3OH and CH3CHO column densities, imply it is most likely that CH3CHO also forms on the grain surface.
Parametric Instability in Two-dimensional Alfvénic Turbulence
Authors: Primavera Leonardo , Malara Francesco , Servidio Sergio , Nigro Giuseppina , Veltri Pierluigi
Published: August 2019

The parametric instability of two-dimensional Alfvénic turbulence has been studied via direct numerical simulations of magnetohydrodynamics. A general form for an Alfvénic fluctuation is derived, with a strongly anisotropic spectrum with respect to a mean magnetic field, typical of the solar wind. Perturbing this solution, an exponential growth of both compressive and backward-propagating Alfvénic fluctuations has been observed. At variance with previous 1D studies, it has been observed that the growth rate tends to increase with the plasma β. Unstable modes manifest as strongly localized, coherent, field-aligned, stream-like structures, with anticorrelation between magnetic and density fluctuations, in agreement with observations. These results might help us to understand the development of turbulence in the solar wind as well as in stellar winds.
Far-infrared Properties of the Bright, Gravitationally Lensed Quasar J0439+1634 at z = 6.5
Authors: Yang Jinyi , Venemans Bram , Wang Feige , Fan Xiaohui , Novak Mladen , Decarli Roberto , Walter Fabian , Yue Minghao , Momjian Emmanuel , Keeton Charles R. , Wang Ran , Zabludoff Ann , Wu Xue-Bing , Bian Fuyan
Published: August 2019

We present IRAM NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array, James Clerk Maxwell Telescope/Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array-2 and Very Large Array (VLA) observations of the most distant known gravitationally lensed quasar, J0439+1634 at z = 6.5. We detect strong dust emission, [C ii] 158 μm, [C i] 369 μm, [O i] 146 μm, CO(6–5), CO(7–6), CO(9–8), CO(10–9), H2O 31,2−22,1, and H2O 32,1−31,2 lines, as well as a weak radio continuum. The strong [C ii] line yields a systemic redshift of the host galaxy to be z = 6.5188 ± 0.0002. The magnification makes J0439+1634 the far-infrared (FIR) brightest quasar at z > 6 known, with the brightest [C ii] line yet detected at this redshift. The FIR luminosity is (3.4 ± 0.2) × 1013
μ
−1
L
⊙, where μ ∼2.6–6.6 is the magnification of the host galaxy, estimated based on the lensing configuration from HST imaging. We estimate the dust mass to be (2.2 ± 0.1) × 109
μ
−1

. The CO spectral line energy distribution using four CO lines are best fit by a two-component model of the molecular gas excitation. The estimates of molecular gas mass derived from CO lines, and atomic carbon mass are consistent, in the range of (3.9–8.9) × 1010
μ
−1

. The [C ii]/[C i], [C ii]/CO, and [O i]/[C ii] line luminosity ratios suggest a photodissociation region model with more than one component. The ratio of H2O 32,1−31,2 line luminosity to L
TIR is consistent with values in local and high-redshift ultra-/hyper-luminous infrared galaxies. The VLA observations reveal an unresolved radio continuum source, and indicate that J0439+1634 is a radio-quiet quasar with R = 0.05–0.17.
Three-dimensional Hydrodynamic Simulations of Supernova Ejecta with a Central Energy Source
Authors: Suzuki Akihiro , Maeda Keiichi
Published: August 2019

We present the results of three-dimensional special relativistic hydrodynamic simulations of supernova ejecta with a powerful central energy source. We assume a spherical supernova ejecta freely expanding with the initial kinetic energy of 1051 erg. We performed two simulations with different total injected energies of 1051 and 1052 erg to see how the total injected energy affects the subsequent evolution of the supernova ejecta. When the injected energy greatly exceeds the initial kinetic energy of the supernova ejecta, the hot bubble produced by the additional energy injection overwhelms and penetrates the whole supernova ejecta, resulting in a clumpy density structure. For smaller injected energies, on the other hand, the energy deposition stops before the hot bubble breakout occurs, leaving the outer envelope well stratified. This qualitative difference may indicate that central-engine-powered supernovae could be observed as two different populations, such as supernovae with and without broad-line spectral features, depending on the amount of total injected energy with respect to the initial kinetic energy.
Testing Emergent Gravity with Optical, X-Ray, and Weak Lensing Measurements in Massive, Relaxed Galaxy Clusters
Authors: ZuHone J. A. , Sims J.
Published: August 2019

We test the predictions of emergent gravity (EG) using matter densities of relaxed, massive clusters of galaxies observed from optical and X-ray wavebands. We improve upon previous work in this area by including the baryon mass contribution of the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) in each system, in addition to total mass profiles from gravitational lensing and mass profiles of the X-ray emitting gas from Chandra. We use this data in the context of EG to predict the “apparent” dark matter (DM) distribution from the observed baryon distribution, and vice versa. We find that although the inclusion of the BCG in the analysis improves the agreement with observations in the inner regions of the clusters (

kpc), at larger radii (

kpc) the EG predictions for mass profiles and baryon mass fractions are not in agreement with observations by a factor of up to ∼2−6, though the agreement improves at radii near r
500. At least in its current form, EG does not appear to reproduce the observed characteristics of relaxed galaxy clusters as well as cold DM models.
X-Ray Reprocessing: Through the Eclipse Spectra of High-mass X-Ray Binaries with XMM-Newton
Authors: Aftab Nafisa , Paul Biswajit , Kretschmar Peter
Published: August 2019

The study of X-ray reprocessing is one of the key diagnostic tools to probe the environment in X-ray binary systems. One difficult aspect of studying X-ray reprocessing is the presence of much brighter primary radiation from the compact star together with the reprocessed radiation. In contrast, for eclipsing systems, the X-rays we receive during eclipse are only those produced by the reprocessing of the emission from the compact star by the surrounding medium. We report results from a spectral study of the X-ray emission during eclipse and outside eclipse in nine high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) with the XMM-Newton European Photon Imaging Camera (EPIC) pn to investigate different aspects of the stellar wind in these HMXBs. During eclipse the continuum component of the spectrum is reduced by a factor of ∼8–237, but the count rate for the 6.4 keV iron emission line or the complex of iron emission lines in HMXBs is reduced by a smaller factor, leading to large equivalent widths of the iron emission lines. This indicates a large size for the line emission region, comparable to or larger than the companion star in these HMXB systems. However, there are significant system to system differences. 4U 1538−522, despite having a large absorption column density, shows a soft emission component with comparable flux during the eclipse and out-of-eclipse phases. Emission from hydrogen-like iron has been observed in LMC X-4 for the first time, in the out-of-eclipse phase in one of the observations.. Overall, we find significant differences in the eclipse spectrum of different HMXBs and also in their eclipse spectra against out-of-eclipse spectra.
Energetic Electron Acceleration in Unconfined Reconnection Jets
Authors: Chen G. , Fu H. S. , Zhang Y. , Li Xiaocan , Ge Y. S. , Du A. M. , Liu C. M. , Xu Y.
Published: August 2019

Magnetic reconnection in astronomical objects such as solar corona and the Earth’s magnetotail theoretically produces a fast jet toward the object (known as a confined jet as it connects to the object through magnetic field lines) and a fast jet departing the object (known as an unconfined jet as it propagates freely in space). So far, energetic electron acceleration has been observed in the confined jet but never in the unconfined jet, arousing a controversy about whether or not reconnection jets can intrinsically accelerate electrons. By analyzing spacecraft measurements in the magnetotail, here we report three events showing strong electron energization in unconfined reconnection jets. Such energization, occurring in the growing phase of the jet, is quasi-adiabatic; it leads to 30 times of flux enhancements and it is probably caused by the compression of the magnetic field (betatron effect) as well as the shrinking of magnetic field lines (Fermi effect). We quantitatively reproduce this energization process using a 2.5D particle-in-cell simulation. This finding implies that electron acceleration can happen in the solar wind and magnetosheath, where reconnection jets are usually unconfined.
Early Solar System r-process Abundances Limit Collapsar Origin
Authors: Bartos I. , Márka S.
Published: August 2019

Heavy elements produced exclusively through rapid neutron capture (the “r-process”) originate from violent cosmic explosions. While neutron star mergers are the primary candidates, another plausible production site are “collapsars”—collapsing massive stars that form a black hole with an accretion disk. Here we show that collapsars are too rare to be the prime origin of r-process elements in the solar system. By comparing numerical simulations with the early solar system abundances of actinides produced exclusively through the r-process, we exclude higher than 20% contribution from collapsars with 90% confidence. We additionally limit r-process ejecta masses from collapsars to less than 10% of the ejecta mass from neutron star mergers, about 10−2
M
⊙.
Self-lensing Discovery of a 0.2 M⊙ White Dwarf in an Unusually Wide Orbit around a Sun-like Star∗
Authors: Masuda Kento , Kawahara Hajime , Latham David W. , Bieryla Allyson , Kunitomo Masanobu , MacLeod Morgan , Aoki Wako
Published: August 2019

We report the discovery of the fifth self-lensing binary in which a low-mass white dwarf (WD) gravitationally magnifies its 15th magnitude G-star companion, KIC 8145411, during eclipses. The system was identified from a pair of such self-lensing events in the Kepler photometry, and was followed up with the Tillinghast Reflector Echelle Spectrograph (TRES) on the 1.5 m telescope at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory and the High-Dispersion Spectrograph (HDS) on the Subaru 8.2 m telescope. A joint analysis of the TRES radial velocities, the HDS spectrum, and the Kepler photometry of the primary star determines the WD mass 0.20 ± 0.01 M
⊙, orbital semimajor axis 1.28 ± 0.03 au, and orbital eccentricity 0.14 ± 0.02. Because such extremely low-mass WDs cannot be formed in isolation within the age of the Galaxy, their formation is believed to involve binary interactions that truncated evolution of the WD progenitor. However, the observed orbit of the KIC 8145411 system is at least 10 times wider than required for this scenario to work. The presence of this system in the Kepler sample, along with its similarities to field blue straggler binaries presumably containing WDs, may suggest that some 10% of post-asymptotic giant branch binaries with Sun-like primaries contain such anomalous WDs.
The Difference of Angiopoietin-2 Levels between Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Patients with Shock and without Shock
Authors: Mariko Rinang , Darwin Eryati , Yanwirasti Yanwirasti , Hadinegoro Sri Rezeki
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND: Dengue infection is one of the problems in the national health sector in Indonesia because the incidence and mortality in Indonesia due to dengue infection is still very high. In 2005 Indonesia became the highest contributor to dengue infection in Southeast Asia (53%) with 95.270 people and 1.298 deaths.
AIM: This study aims to analyse differences in angiopoietin-2 levels in dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) with and without shock.
METHODS: This study was a consecutive sampling design with the research subject was obtained based on the order of admission to the hospital — the serum Angiopoietin-2 levels using the ELISA method. The statistical test used is the independent t-test. The value of p < 0.05 was said to be statistically significant.
RESULT: The result showed that the mean of Angiopoietin-2 levels in DHF patients with shock was higher than in DHF (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: This study concluded that there was a difference in the average level of Angiopoietin-2 among DHF patients with shock compared to without shock.
Heaven and hell: Spotlights on some DNA barcodes for species identification and delimitation in ground beetles
Authors: Assmann Thorsten , Boutaud Estève , Buse Jörn , Drees Claudia , Friedman Ariel-Leib-Leonid , Khoury Fares , Renan Ittai , Schild Laura , von Thaden Alina , Szallies Alexander , Zumstein Pascale
Published: August 2019

In the face of the decline of many insects, there is an increasing demand for contemporary, fast and cost-effective approaches to monitor the development of populations and species. Numerous scientists favor molecular methods, especially those involving barcoding of the CO1 gene, as an alternative to classical, morphology-based species identification. Moreover, DNA barcoding is also discussed as a suitable method to support species delimitations in complexes of closely related taxa. We used the available sequences of ground beetles from North and Central Europe with additional ones we generated from Southern Europe and the Middle East to draw conclusion about the practicability of such approach for ground beetles.

In general, while strong intraspecific differentiations within the CO1 fragment seem to characterize some wingless species (e.g. Graphipterus serrator, Siagona longula, Carabus problematicus, some Platycarabus species), others do not display much intraspecific variability (e.g. Graphipterus multiguttatus and G. sharonae within the “G. serrator clade”). These results certainly complicate the application of a metabarcoding approach without a larger database to delimitate these ground beetles. Furthermore, these results limit the applicability of the well-known barcoding gap, in ecological studies.

With regards to taxonomic problems, mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences can provide support for taxonomic decisions. For example, the two taxa Carabus variolosus and nodulosus are characterized predominantely by K2P values lower than the barcoding gap. In view of the otherwise strong intraspecific differentiation within the genus Carabus, these two taxa should be regarded as subspecies. In contrast, DNA barcoding can also help to identify "good" species. Mitochondrial and nuclear data suggest, for example, that an Oreonebria taxon and a Platycarabus taxon from the South-western Alps represent "good species", although they were usually considered as synonyms or subspecies. In another case, two tiger beetle taxa, which until a few months ago were considered to belong to the same species, show such strong differentiation that only two species can be postulated (Calomera aulicoides and C. littoralis winkleri).

In summary, we can state that DNA sequences and the barcoding gap can help to define species delimitations in ground beetles. However, several species, including widespread sister species, cannot be identified by DNA barcoding for various reasons (e.g. young species or horizontal gene flow). Consequently, until an automated, fast, and reliable method to identify species from samples emerges, ecological investigations have to rely on classical, morphology-based identifications.
Fourteen new species of the spider genus Thaiderces from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Psilodercidae)
Authors: Chang Wan-Jin , Li Shuqiang
Published: August 2019

Fourteen new species of the genus Thaiderces F.Y. Li & S.Q. Li, 2017 from Indonesia, Myanmar, and Thailand are described: T.shuzi Li & Chang, sp. nov. (♂♀), T.peterjaegeri Li & Chang, sp. nov. (♂), T.ganlan Li & Chang, sp. nov. (♂♀), T.ngalauindahensis Li & Chang, sp. nov. (♂), T.yangcong Li & Chang, sp. nov. (♂♀), T.zuichun Li & Chang, sp. nov. (♀), T.miantiao Li & Chang, sp. nov. (♀), T.jiazi Li & Chang, sp. nov. (♀), T.tuoyuan Li & Chang, sp. nov. (♂♀), T.fengniao Li & Chang, sp. nov. (♂♀), T.haima Li & Chang, sp. nov. (♂♀), T.chujiao Li & Chang, sp. nov. (♀), T.thamphadaengensis Li & Chang, sp. nov. (♂♀), and T.thamprikensis Li & Chang, sp. nov. (♂♀). In addition, two species of Psiloderces Simon, 1892 are transferred to Thaiderces: Thaidercesrimbu (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995) comb. nov. (♂♀) and Thaidercesdjojosudharmoi (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995) comb. nov. (♂♀).
Indoor thermal comfort in contemporary Sri Lankan urban houses: a simulation study
Authors: Emmanuel Rohinton , Rathnayake Gishan
Published: August 2019

In this study, we estimate the prevalent thermal comfort regime in three of the most common contemporary urban house types in the Colombo Metropolitan Region (CMR). Using a parametric building energy simulation software, the study simulates the indoor Operative Temperature that would result from five passive design options to determine their potential to improve the indoor comfort levels. The simulation results show that passive strategies are no longer able to bring about adequate levels of thermal comfort. Strategies for modest improvements in the indoor bio-climate in contemporary Sri Lankan urban houses are proposed.
Editorial
Authors: Emmanuel Rohinton
Published: August 2019

No abstract available
An agenda for building & environmental technology research in architecture
Authors: Emmanuel Rohinton
Published: August 2019

No abstract available
A Long Noncoding RNA, Antisense IL-7, Promotes Inflammatory Gene Transcription through Facilitating Histone Acetylation and Switch/Sucrose Nonfermentable Chromatin Remodeling
Authors: Liu Xu , Lu Yajing , Zhu Jie , Liu Mingjia , Xie Minghong , Ye Mengling , Li Mingxuan , Wang Shuhong , Ming Zhenping , Tong Qiang , Liu Feng , Zhou Rui
Published: August 2019

Long noncoding RNAs are important regulators of gene expression in innate immune responses. Antisense IL-7 (IL-7–AS) is a newly discovered long noncoding RNA in human and mouse that has been reported to regulate the expression of IL-6. However, the potential function of IL-7–AS in innate immune system is not fully understood. In this study, we found that the expression of IL-7–AS is primarily dependent on the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in macrophages and intestinal epithelial cells. Functionally, IL-7–AS promotes the expression of several inflammatory genes, including CCL2, CCL5, CCL7, and IL-6, in cells in response to LPS. Specifically, IL-7–AS physically interacts with p300 to regulate histone acetylation levels around the promoter regions of these gene loci. Moreover, IL-7–AS and p300 complex modulate the assembly of SWI/SNF complex to the promoters. IL-7–AS regulates chemotaxis activity of monocytes to intestine epithelial cells with involvement of CCL2. Therefore, our data indicate a new promoting role for NF-κB/MAPK-responsive IL-7–AS in the transcriptional regulation of inflammatory genes in the innate immune system although modulation of histone acetylation around the promoters of related genes.
Pierre de Villiers Pienaar
Authors: Aron Myrtle L.
Published: August 2019

The academic and professional background of the man who initiated and developed training programmes for speech therapists and audiologists in South Africa is presented. The manner in which he developed the profession,  and pioneered work in phonetics and linguistics is described, including P. de Villiers Pienaar's role in educational, academic, clinical and cultural institutions in South Africa.
Syllable and sound change in Southern Bantu languages
Authors: Westphal E. O. J.
Published: August 2019

The purpose of the paper is to show the restrictive effect of the temporal quantity [Q] in Southern Bantu Languages which, with reference to its components, may also be described as 'syllable'. All sound changes occur within [Q] although there are harmonizing changes that echo the effects of [Q] inter-syllabically.
Visualization of change of sound characteristics on the level of the vocal cords
Authors: Luchsinger R.
Published: August 2019

The construction is reported of an apparatus for producing short stroboscopic films, employing a new phase-shifting device. This apparatus provides the clinician with a reliable record of the mode of vibration of the vocal cords (in both the opening and closing phases) alongside a tape-recording of the voice. This makes it possible to correlate recordings of the frequency and intensity and transitions of the voice with a series of stroboscopic investigations.
Anatomical and spectrographic analysis of the voice in disease: A report of five cases
Authors: Kerr W. A. , Lanham L. W.
Published: August 2019

Five cases are presented. One is a case of ventricular phonation of iatrogenic origin and the remaining four had undergone laryngectomy for carcinoma of the larynx. Points of interest are discussed, particularly the constant ventricular fold phonation of the first case and the clear harmonic structure present in the voice of one of the laryngectomy cases who has both esophageal speech and pharyngeal phonation.
Semantic acquisition in language impaired and normal speaking four year old children
Authors: Green Marlene
Published: August 2019

For the purpose of assessing a semantic feature theory of semantic acquisition in language impaired and normal pre-schoolers, semantic feature manipulation tests were administered to two language-impaired and two matched normal speaking four-year olds. Results support Clark's hypothesis that lexical acquisition proceeds from over-extended quasi-superordinate terms with few semantic features to more differentiated subordinate terms with a greater number of features. Language impaired and normal children did not seem to be differentiated on these results.
Mass generalised learning applied to the problem of carry-over in articulation therapy
Authors: Klaff Avril
Published: August 2019

This study was designed to investigate Morehead and Johnson's hypothesis that mass generalised learning experience in therapy will eliminate carry-over problems. Four subjects who consistently misarticulated the /S/phoneme participated in an intensive six week therapy programme. Two experimental subjects were trained in the production of the entire category of sounds of which the target phoneme is a member. Two matched control subjects received traditional articulation therapy. Pre- and post-therapy measures included an articulation test, competence tests and spectrographic analysis. Sound production tasks and carry-over tasks were administered at regular intervals during therapy to assess generalisation to untrained contexts. Complete carry-over was evidenced by one experimental subject at the end of the sentence phase of therapy. The remaining three subjects demonstrated inconsistent carry-over at the conclusion of the therapy programme. It is suggested that a mass generalised learning procedure may offer an efficient approach to articulation therapy.
Articulation in apraxia of speech
Authors: Lister Beverley A.
Published: August 2019

In an attempt to show that aphasics with apraxia of speech have characteristic articulatory patterns, two aphasics with apraxia of speech, and one subject with articulatory problems related to his sensory aphasia, underwent articulation testing. A quantitative measure of distance between error sound and target sound showed that the types of aphasics did not differ on distance, and apraxics could therefore not be said to be closer to the target sound than a sensory aphasic. However, the more severe the communication disorder, the higher was the distance score. A qualitative analysis of the data revealed that the apraxics had substitutions of phonemes as their major error, whereas in the subject without apraxia, substitutions were as prevalent as other errors such as reversals, omissions, augmentations. Aphasics with apraxia of speech may be said to show characteristic types of errors.
The pragmatics of language: Theoretical and applied issues
Authors: Prutting Carol A.
Published: August 2019

The paper reviews the contributions made paradigm shift which has occurred in our discipline. Comments are also made from the broader perspective of the philosophy of science.
Phonological and neuroanatomical findings in three cases with apraxia of speech
Authors: Wolk Lesley
Published: August 2019

This study investigated whether or not the articulatory errors on single consonants and initial consonant clusters in three adult aphasic patients with apraxia of speech could be characterized by underlying phonological processes. Naming tasks and spontaneous narrative tasks were used for elicitation of speech samples. Computerized tomography was carried out in order to determine possible neuroanatomical correlates of the linguistic findings in these cases. Results revealed that in each case, it was possible to trace underlying phonological processes which fit into strategy groups operationalizing particular phonetic preferences. Similar trends occurred on all tasks. Self-employed strategies to aid phonological production were used by all cases during their struggle with successive attempts towards the target utterance. Neuroanatomical findings demonstrated brain lesions which were more extensive than would be expected in the traditional concept of a focal lesion in Broca's area. In each case, the left parietal region was involved. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.
The enigma of fluency: A single case study
Authors: Goldsmith Tessa , Anderson Denise
Published: August 2019

The article deals with the relapse and maintenance of fluency skills in an adult stutterer following a "fluency-based" treatment programme. Recordings of speech were made at relevant intervals throughout an eight-month period. Immediately after intensive treatment, fluency was established and rate and attitudes normalized. The deterioration of these behaviours and their re-instatement is described.
A stuttering therapy programme with spastic dysphonia: A single case study
Authors: Meyers Ingrid , Anderson Denise
Published: August 2019

This study was motivated by reported similarities in vocal tract dynamics in stuttering and spastic dysphonia. The effects of a stuttering therapy programme with an adult with spastic dysphonia were observed. Subjective and objective measures obtained pre- and post-therapeutically included a qualitative analysis, laryngographic tracings, and fibre optic examinations. Results showed subtle improvements on all measures suggesting improved laryngeal behaviours. Findings are discussed in relation to therapeutic utility.
Single case experimental designs: An essential service in communicatively disabled care
Authors: Uys Isabel C.
Published: August 2019

A situation analysis of communication disabilities of and services to this population in the RSA reveals a lack of knowledge about the field and a paucity of research, probably due to therapists' extreme involvement in clinical practice. In this article, the advantages of single case experimentation are put forward and specific designs are discussed in an attempt to motivate and enable clinicians to be producers of research. It is pointed out that this type of research will not only add valuable scientific information to the field of speech pathology and audiology, but it will also increase accountability in clinical practice.
Stuttering: Can research unravel the riddle?
Authors: Wahlaus M. Marks
Published: August 2019

In spite of decades of research on stuttering, there are few unequivocal findings. Several reasons for this are offered and discussed. Particular attention is paid to the lack of one accepted definition of stuttering. Other issues concern the unit of stuttering, inter-and intra-stutterer variability, the overt and covert features if stuttering, objective and subjective measures in stuttering research and the sampling of material for study. These are some of the problems which pertain to study of the nature of stuttering. They apply also to research on therapy, which presents additional challenges to the researcher.
Kurrikulumontwikkeling vir spraak-taalterapie en oudiologie: Basis en beginsels
Authors: Hugo S. R. , Uys I. C.
Published: August 2019

Dit is die doel van hierdie artikel om 'n kort weergawe te gee van die belangrikste beginsels wat die basis van kurrikulumontwikkeling vir Spraak-Taalterapie en Oudiologie vorm. Daar is veral ingegaan op die feit dat beroepeise sondanig ontwikkel dat 'n horisontale beroepstruktyyr nie langer voldoen aan die multikulturele, meertalige RSA-samelewing nie. Dit is derhalwe nodig om te besin oor die instelling van alternatiewe opleidingsmoontlikhede soos diploma-opleiding vir tegnici, sertifikaatpragramme vir gemeenskaprehabilitasiewerkers en beroepsgerigte magisteropleiding. In samehang hiermee het beroepsfunksies só uitgebrei dat aspekte soos rekenaargeletterdheid, betuursfunksies, gemeenskapsdiens en konsultasie 'n veel groter rol in die kurrikulum behoort te speel as wat tans die geval is.
Future trends in language intervention: Addressing cultural bias in service delivery
Authors: Van Kleeck Anne
Published: August 2019

In this paper the cultural biases in a widely-used language intervention approach - the Hanen Early Language Parent Program - that trains parents to be conversational partners with their language-delayed children, are explored. In many respects this program represents the best of current clinical practice. It is empirically and theoretically grounded in recent research on parent-child interaction; studies have documented it efficacy; and it is family-centred approach. And yet, in clinical practice, it does not work with all families. Not surprinsingly, these families are often from nonmainstream backgrounds. Potential reasons for the lack of effectiveness with some families become apparent as research on patterns language socialization in a wide variety of cultures is reviewed. This review reveals that all of the basic premises of this program rest on culturally relative beliefs and values. Specifically considered are cultural variation in (1) aspects of social organization related to interaction, (2) the value of talk, (3) how status is handled in interaction, (4) beliefs about intentionality, and (5) beliefs about teaching language to children. Suggestions for incorporating this information into clinical services with nonmainstrean families are offered.
Bilingualism: Theoretical perspectives of language diversity
Authors: Stobbart Carlin L.
Published: August 2019

Bilingualism and second language acquisition are discussed with reference to different theoretical perspectives. An integrated definition of bilingualism is provided and concepts underlying second language acquisition are presented. Theoretical persepectives according to Dodson (1985), Skinner (1985) and Krashen (1982) are explored. It is concluded that due to the diverse nature of bilingualism, a single universal theory of second language acquisition does not seem feasible, The need for an increased awareness of the complexity of bilingualism and second language acquisition, particularly within the multicultural and multilingual South African context, is highlighted.
Finite field restriction estimates based on Kakeya maximal operator estimates
Authors: Lewko Mark
Published: August 2019

In the finite field setting, we show that the restriction conjecture associated to any one of a large family of

d=2n+1

dimensional quadratic surfaces implies the

n+1

-dimensional Kakeya conjecture (Dvir's theorem). This includes the case of the paraboloid over finite fields in which

−1

is
a square. We are able to partially reverse this implication using the sharp Kakeya maximal operator estimates of Ellenberg, Oberlin and Tao to establish the first finite field restriction estimates beyond the Stein–Tomas exponent in this setting.
A Berestycki–Lions type result and applications
Authors: Alves Claudianor O. , Duarte Ronaldo C. , Souto Marco A.S.
Published: August 2019

In this paper we show an abstract theorem about the existence of critical points for a functional

I

, which permits us to prove the existence of solutions for a large class of Berestycki–Lions type problems. In the proof of the abstract result we apply the deformation lemma on a special set associated with

I

called Pohozaev set.
Study on combustion and emission characteristics of chars from low-temperature and fast pyrolysis of coals with TG-MS
Authors: Liu Lei , Gong Zhiqiang , Wang Zhenbo , Zhang Haoteng
Published: August 2019

To achieve the clean and efficient utilization of low-rank coal, the combustion and pollutant emission characteristics of chars from low-temperature and fast pyrolysis in a horizontal tube furnace were investigated in a TG-MS analyzer. According to the results, the combustion characteristic of chars was poorer than its parent coals. The temperature range of gaseous product release had a good agreement with that of TGA weight loss. Gaseous products of samples with high content of volatile were released earlier. The NO and NO2 emissions of chars were lower than their parent coals. Coals of high rank (anthracite and sub-bituminous) released more NO and NO2 than low rank coals of lignite, so were chars from coals of different ranks. SO2 emissions of char samples were lower than parent coals and did not show obvious relationship with coal ranks.
Corrosion Assessment of ASME Qualified Welding Procedures for Grade 2101 Lean Duplex Stainless Steel
Authors: Guilherme L.H. , Reccagni P. , Benedetti A.V. , Fugivara C.S. , Engelberg D.L.
Published: August 2019

ASME qualified welding procedures do not guarantee suitable corrosion and passivation properties for lean duplex stainless steel welds. An evaluation of two ASME qualified welding procedures to optimize the corrosion performance of tungsten inert gas (TIG) welded grade 2101 duplex stainless steel using ER2209 weld consumable was conducted. The evolution of the microstructure was examined by optical and electron microscopy, ferrite-scope measurements, and scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy. An electrochemical mini-cell was then used to characterize the electrochemical behavior of different weld regions using the techniques such as the double loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation test, standard potentiodynamic polarization tests, and cyclic potentiodynamic polarization. The fusion line was the most critical zone for localized corrosion for both welding procedures, due to the formation of Cr- and Mo-depleted zones, resulting in the highest degree of sensitization. The best performance was attributed to the weld face, due to the presence of higher Cr and Mo contents, highlighting the pitting corrosion resistance. A heat input range of 1.6 kJ/mm to 1.9 kJ/mm and low current density (WPS 1) indicated better corrosion performance of all weld regions. The electrochemical corrosion response was in all cases related to microstructural characteristics of the weld regions. The influence of weld parameters on microstructure development and corrosion performance is discussed.
The effects of changing climate on estuarine water levels: a United States Pacific Northwest case study
Authors: Parker Kai , Hill David , García-Medina Gabriel , Beamer Jordan
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Climate change impacts on extreme water levels (WLs) at
two United States Pacific Northwest estuaries are investigated using a
multicomponent process-based modeling framework. The integrated impact of
climate change on estuarine forcing is considered using a series of
sub-models that track changes to oceanic, atmospheric, and hydrologic
controls on hydrodynamics. This modeling framework is run at decadal scales
for historic (1979–1999) and future (2041–2070) periods with changes to
extreme WLs quantified across the two study sites. It is found that there is
spatial variability in extreme WLs at both study sites with all recurrence
interval events increasing with further distance into the estuary. This
spatial variability is found to increase for the 100-year event moving into
the future. It is found that the full effect of sea level rise is mitigated
by a decrease in forcing. Short-recurrence-interval events are less buffered
and therefore more impacted by sea level rise than higher-return-interval
events. Finally, results show that annual extremes at the study sites are
defined by compound events with a variety of forcing contributing to high
WLs.