bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"THE STORY OF THE PRIEST ALEXEI" AS A PART OF THE CYCLE OF "MYSTERIOUS STORIES" BY I.S. TURGENEV: PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF THE STUDY
Authors:   INION RAN, MAN'KOVSKII Arkady
Published: February 2022

«The Story of the Priest Alexei» (1877) is examined in general less often than other «mysterious stories» by I.S. Turgenev, sometimes remains even not included into this series. Meanwhile, its place among the later short stories by Turgenev is important, several mysteries associate with it. Some scholars compare «The Story…» to the works by N.S. Leskov and F.M. Dostoevsky; others interpret it in terms of mythopoetics and psychoanalysis or in the contexts of hagiographic topics, old Russian bookishness and folklore. Some authors of recent works base their readings on the narratological paradigm.
BRAM STOKER AND HIS NOVEL "DRACULA" IN CULTURAL-HISTORICAL CONTEXT
Authors:   INION RAN, Krasavchenko Tatiana
Published: February 2022

Bram Stoker, the author of «Dracula» (1897), which is not only a bestseller, but a «cult» work, belonged to the «ruling» protestant minority in Ireland and believed in British empire myth. The core of his novel is a geopolitical story of the confrontation between civilized Western Europe and backward Eastern Europe, which incorporates Russia. There is no Russophobia in the novel, as some critics suppose, but there is «a top-down view». In fact Stoker created his own myth of the East. He projected his ambivalence - arrogance and empathy - towards the «backward» Catholic majority of Ireland to people of Eastern Europe. He embodied fears of all strange, foreign, lurking in the Victorian cultural subconscious, in the image of Dracula and his invasion of England.
BOOK REVIEW: PASTERNAK: PROBLEMS OF BIOGRAPHY AND CREATIVITY. ON THE 60TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE NOBEL PRIZE AWARDED TO HIM
Authors:   INION RAN, MAN'KOVSKII Arkady
Published: February 2022

A new collection of articles of Russian and foreign scholars on the biography and work of B. Pasternak covers the entire spectrum of modern Pasternak studies reflected in its sections titles: from «Problems of Biography» to «Problems of Poetics». Some articles concern the awarding Pasternak the Nobel Prize in Literature 1958 as well. The collection is dedicated to the memory of E.V. Pasternak (1936-2020), the elder daughter-in-law of the poet, and includes her last lifetime article.
Establishment of Body Auto Fitting Model “BAFM” Using “NJ-GPM” At Toyota
Authors: Sakai Hirohisa
Published: February 2022

Abstract: The Toyota Production System (TPS) exemplifies Japanese manufacturing. It has been further developed and spread in the form of internationally shared global production systems. The author has proposed the New Japan Global Production Model “NJ-GPM”, a system designed to achieve worldwide uniform quality and production at optimal locations – the keys to successful global production at Toyota. Based on NJ-GPM, the author has further established the Body Auto Fitting Model “BAFM”. The author has realized innovative unmanning of a fitting line by integrating the technologies utilizing BAFM. The ability to automatically fit and tighten door, hood and luggage compartment panels to the car body was achieved, utilizing robotics, vision systems, bolt tightening and product quality management. This paper shows the development of the highly reliable production system combining the following three items: (1) panel fitting accuracy, (2) automatic bolt tightening, and (3) integration into flexible assembly line at Toyota.
Influence of Spray Parameters on the Metallurgical and Functional Properties of HVOF WC Based Cermets Deposited onto Low Alloy Steel
Authors: Brioua S. , Belmokre K. , Debout V. , Jacquot P. , Conforto E. , Touzain S. , Creus J.
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Tungsten carbide based spray coatings are widely used in industry for application requiring abrasion, sliding, fretting and erosion corrosion resistance. High velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) flame spraying was used for producing high quality carbide composite coatings. In this study, a WC-CoCr and WC-CoCrNi powders were thermal sprayed using a HVOF process. The spray parameters were varied in order to investigate their influence on microstructure and mechanical properties of coatings. It is possible to produce homogeneous coating by controlling the flame temperature, the velocity of the gun transverse, the powder feed rate and the nature of the powders. The mechanical properties and the porosity rate could be optimized in order to improve the functional properties.
PIGMENTED NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOR IN MAXILLA OF AN INFANT : REPORT OF A RARE NEOPLASM IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA
Authors: Khamila Nadya , Oli'i Eka Marwansyah , Hardianto Andri , Sjamsudin Endang
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) is a rare, locally invasive, fast-growing neoplasm with a high recurrence rate, which usually affecting children under 1 year of age. The tumor originated from the neural crest, most commonly found in the head and neck region, especially in the maxilla. Current standard for treatment is by surgical excision, but the high recurrency rate (10% - 60%) and the possiblity of malignant transformation makes the extent of excision debatable.
Case report: An 8 -months-old boy was referred to our department with a rapidly growing mass in the anterior of the maxilla since two months prior. The mass was bluish in color, firm, and non-ulcerative. We treated the patient with excision under general anesthesia. Pathology examination was done and MNTI was confirmed. There is no recurrency at 2 years follow-up.
Summary: Diagnosis and treatment of MNTI must be done meticulously due to the aggressive nature of the tumor. Wide surgical excision is the best treatment for this case, and routine follow-up must be done to detect any reccurency.
Keywords: melanotic neuroectodermal tumor; infancy; maxilla, surgical excision
BIOCHEMICAL AND CLINICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDERS IN CENTRAL INDIA
Authors: Yembarwar Nagendra Kishanprasad , Guddetwar Sanjay G
Published: February 2022

Background: Iodine (I) is a trace element that is required by both humans and animals. It can be found in a variety of chemical forms, including iodine, iodide (I), and iodate (IO3). It is widely distributed across the earth's ecology, with a concentration in the oceans. Iodine entered the natural cycle from the ocean, the atmosphere, and rainfall, as well as from rainfall into streams and rivers. Iodine is absorbed as iodide in human nutrition. Iodine is a necessary micronutrient and a component of thyroid hormones. Fish and seafood have a high iodine level. The amount of iodine in soil and drinking water varies depending on where it comes from. Iodine shortage produces a variety of negative health consequences, which are referred to as iodine deficiency illnesses (IDD). These conditions are caused by a lack of iodine, which causes insufficient thyroid hormone production.

Aim: The aim of this study is to characterize the iodine deficiency disorder by biochemical and clinical assessment and to correlate the iodine status with thyroid disorder(s) in adults.

Material and Method: The samples for this investigation were taken from patients at the Department of Endocrine Surgery. This study comprised a total of 100 hundred goiter patients, who had their urinary iodine excretion and thyroid hormone levels examined. For all goiter patients, the grading of goitre was established using the WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD approved criteria. TSH, Free T4, Free T3 by using ELISA Method using commercial kits. Anti-microsomal antibody (AMA) or Thyroperoxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) by using ELISA Method using commercial kits. Anti-thyroglobulin antibody (ATG) estimated by using ELISA Method using commercial kits.

Results: The data for each group were presented as Median and inter quarter range (IQR) The median and IQR of Urinary iodine excretion of the hypothyroid, hyperthyroid and Euthyroid goiter subjects were respectively and there was significant difference in the median urinary iodine excretion. The median and IQR of Urinary iodine excretion of the thyroiditis, thyrotoxicosis, cancer of thyroid and benign goiter respectively and there was significant difference in the median urinary iodine excretion.

Conclusion: For ages, endemic goitre and cretinism have been recognised as public health issues, and iodine deficiency is thought to be the leading cause of preventable mental retardation. Most countries now include iodine deficiency control as part of their national nutrition policies. To eliminate iodine deficiency, several therapies with high efficacy have been employed, including iodized oil capsules (IOC) and universal salt iodisation (USI). Although some progress has been made, efforts to eliminate this devastating health problem must be hastened. Not only should iodine deficiency be monitored, but so should excessive iodine intake, as this is a problem in various areas, including the camps.

Keywords: IDD, Goitre, TSH, IOC, USI, ATG, AMA, T4, T3.
EFFECT OF MATERNAL BODY MASS INDEX ON THE MODE OF DELIVERY AND NEONATAL OUTCOME: A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL BASED STUDY IN SOLAN, HIMACHAL PRADESH.
Authors: Aggarwal Srishti , Behal Manisha , Singal Neerja , Minhas Santosh , Dagar Sheetal
Published: February 2022

INTRODUCTION: Obesity is a global health problem characterised as a pandemic issue by the World Health Organization (WHO), with a higher prevalence in females than males. During pregnancy, it is considered a high-risk state because it is associated with maternal complications like preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, obstetric interventions like caesarean delivery, postpartum haemorrhage; and fetal complications like macrosomia, poor apgar scores. BMI is a commonly used indicator which can be used to classify subjects on the basis of weight.AIM: This study aims to find the prevalence of normal weight, overweight and obese pregnant women defined by body mass index (BMI) according to the WHO classification and to study the associations between maternal BMI, the mode of delivery and neonatal outcome.MATERIAL AND METHODS: 200 pregnant women admitted for delivery in the department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology were studied, height and weight were recorded from reliable antenatal records (recorded within two months of gestation). The Body Mass Index was calculated and patients were divided into four categories: Category I: underweight; Category II: normal BMI; Category III: Overweight; Category IV: Obese. The feto-maternal outcomes were studied.RESULTS: On evaluation of 200 nulliparous antenatal women with singleton term gestation, 1.5% were underweight, 33% had normal BMI, 56% were overweight and 9.5% were obese. The prolongation of labour was seen in subjects with BMI more than 25 kg/m2. Overweight patients had more instrumental deliveries and obese patients had a higher tendency for prolonged labour and caesarean deliveries. Neonatal outcomes were poor for obese and overweight patients as compared to normal BMI because more neonates required resuscitation at birth, had low Apgar scores and were small for gestational age. Maternal complications like Hypothyroidism, preeclampsia and gestational diabetes occurred more commonly in the obese category.CONCLUSION: In our institution, majority of patients were found to be overweight. Adverse perinatal outcomes were seen more often in the obese patients. Hence, obesity must be identified as a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes.
COVID 19 & its Different Colours- An Autobiographical¸Case Report of a Physician Suffering Twice with COVID Atypical Symptoms Despite Vaccinated.
Authors: Sarkar Manuj Kumar , Rakesh Upparakadiyala , Dey Subhra , Munshi Boudhayan Das
Published: February 2022

COVID 19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS CoV2). Initial infection started from China in December 2019. It became pandemic and till date it has infected 399 million people all over the world. First wave was associated with more panic situation and it has impacted mental health globally. As time passed and with subsequent waves, we have learnt to deal with the stress caused by COVID 19. I am presenting my case of suffering from COVID 19 twice despite vaccinated and its psychological impact on mental status.
Role of Gentamicin Loaded Collagen on Compound Fracture Internal Fixation
Authors: Sanadhya Nitin
Published: February 2022

Introduction:  In the today’s world with faster ways of transportation  high velocity accidents and  the compound fracture are increasing day by day producing a challenge preventing post operative  wound infections after internal fixation of  fracture.

Materials and Methods: 50 patients of compound fractures were included in the study and were randomly divided in 2 groups of 25 each . Both the groups undergone internal fixation with stainless  steel implant and one group wound is closed with gentamicin loaded collagen in it and other group without it

Method: In both the groups same process of  and lavage  is used and  fractures were  fixed internally fixed . A group has 25 patients in which after internal fixation the gentamicin loaded collagen is placed  inside and in B group after internal fixation  wound is closed without gentamicin loaded collagen.

Results: In  group A where Gentamicin loaded collagen was placed wound infection was there in 2 patients . In  Group B were no gentamicin loaded collagen was used  9 patietns has infections. P value  0.0275

Discussion: After surgery wound is assessed for post operative infection on  2 nd post op day  14 day  at 4 weeks    6 weeks   3 months  and 6 months

Conclusion: The Author  believe  that  use of gentamicin loaded collagen significantly reducing the chance of infection in  compound fractures surgeries.

Keywords: compound fracture, gentamicin loaded collagen, post operative infection
AK2 Antibacterial Synthetic Peptide Can Potentiate Macrophage Responses
Authors:   Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran., Adibzadeh Sereshgi Mohammad Mehdi , Salimi Sahar ,   Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran., Noorbazargan Hassan ,   Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: February 2022

Background: Emphasis on substitutional medications with the elevated bacterial resistance to current antibiotics is pivotal. We evaluated the antibacterial effect of AK2 by Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) and Minimum inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and its impact on macrophage responses in 17 strains of pathogenic bacteria. The gene expression of macrophage’s cytokines was evaluated. Accordingly, the bioinformatic assessment predicted this peptide’s physicochemical characteristics, behavior, and structures. The present study aimed to assess the antibacterial effect of AK2 peptides on Macrophage responses. Materials and Methods: Cytotoxicity level was assessed by MTT assay on the HeLa cell line. The hemolytic activity of peptides on red blood cells was evaluated. The Griess assay was performed to assess the amount of macrophage nitric oxide production. The real-time PCR method measured the iNOS, IFN-γ, and TNF-α gene expression in isolated macrophages. Results: Peptide concentrations (13-60 µg/mL) were observed as the MBC and MIC value results for various bacteria. No remarkable cytotoxicity was observed at 30 and 60 µg/ml concentrations after 24h. iNOS, IFN-γ, and TNF-α gene expression were upregulated. There was also a higher secretion of nitric oxide in 48 hour-culture of the cell line with peptide. Great antibacterial activity was observed in some bacterial strains, particularly B. melitensis. Conclusion: AK2 peptides display suitable antibacterial activity with negligible toxicity for host cells. This peptide could also stimulate macrophage responses through nitric oxide production and gene expression in proinflammatory cytokines.
No Alternation in Treg Frequency in Peripheral Blood of Chrmical Vitems With Long-term Mild-moderate Pulmonary Complication
Authors:   Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran., Zand Nafiseh , Bozorgmehr Mahmood ,   Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Sabetpour Ali Reza ,   Countess of Chester Hospital, Chester, UK., Naghizadeh Mohammad Mahdi ,   Noncommuicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran., Mirsharif Ensieh Sadat ,   Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran., Ghazanfari Tooba ,   Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.,   Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: February 2022

Background: Regulatory T Cells (Treg) are the subgroups of lymphocytes that control inflammatory responses and regulate homeostasis processes through cellular contact and the secretion of soluble agents. We investigated the frequency of Treg in peripheral blood of sulfur mustard exposed patients with CD4, CD25, CD127, FOXP3, and CD45RA markers, compared with healthy individuals and the correlation between frequency of these cells and long-term pulmonary complications. Materials and Methods: In total, 12 sulfur mustard exposed patients and 12 healthy volunteers were invited. Clinical inspections of both groups were performed by pulmonary specialists and spyrometric‎ evaluation that pulmonary function test operators conducted. After the isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, the frequency of Treg cells was determined by flowcytometry. Results: The frequency of Treg cells was not significantly different in those exposed to sulfur mustard. Furthermore, there was no significant correlation between spyrometric parameters and the frequency of these cells. Conclusion: According to the current study data, there is no difference in the frequency of Treg cells between exposed patients with mild pulmonary complications and healthy volunteers. Thus, further studies are required to understand the role of these cells in the severity of pulmonary complications of these patients.
The Potential Effects of Scrophularia Striata Boiss on COVID-19
Authors:   Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran., Jafari Sajjad , Dadmehr Majid ,   Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Sharifi Yaeghob ,   Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Mdicinal Sciences, Urmia, Iran., Manshouri Shirin ,   Rajaei Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Kamali Monireh ,   Rajaei Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Vahidi Emami Zahra ,   Department of Human Genetics, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran., Rasizadeh Reyhane ,   Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Seif Farhad ,   Department of Immunology and Allergy, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, Tehran, Iran.
Published: February 2022

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) rapidly spread worldwide. The exact mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) are not fully understood. In addition to classical treatment, herbal medicine may effectively manage COVID-19 symptoms and supportive therapy. Scrophularia striata Boiss is a perennial herbaceous plant with immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. The extract of S. striata Boiss has revealed immunomodulatory effects on reducing T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines, including IL-4 and IL-5, that may be used to manage allergic diseases and asthma. Scrophularia striata Boiss reduces IL-4, and IL-5 may alleviate allergic diseases and asthma. The ethyl acetate extract of S. striata Boiss inhibits the production of IL-1β, TNF-α, and PGE2. Quercetin inhibits proinflammatory mediators while increasing anti-inflammatory mediators. Ethanolic extract of S. striata can significantly reduce NO production in the isolated mouse peritoneal macrophages. Moreover, S. striata Boiss has 3 essential flavonoids: quercetin, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, and nepitrin. Of them, quercetin inhibits TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, PGE2, COX-2, and NO, whereas increases anti-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, S. striata Boiss is recommended for clinical trial studies in patients with COVID-19 and other viral diseases.
Immunomodulatory Impacts of Bulbs Extracts From Five Allium Species on IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-17 Cytokines
Authors:   Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran., Radjabian Tayebeh ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran., Hosseinpur Yektaei Zahra ,   Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran., Naghizadeh Mohammad Mehdi ,   Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.,   Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran., Ghazanfari Tooba ,   Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: February 2022

Background: Nowadays, the impacts of medicinal plants on immune-related diseases are one of the main pharmacological approaches. Thus, here, the modulatory potential of some Allium species on T helper cell cytokines were investigated. Materials and Methods: The different concentrations of aqueous extract of the aged bulbs of five Allium species were prepared. Lymphocytes were then isolated and cultured in the presence of the bulb extracts. The amounts of IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-17 were assessed using ELISA. Results: The results demonstrated that A. sativum bulbs extract increased IFN-γ production at all concentrations, especially at 0.0001 and 0.01 mg/mL. After treatment with all doses of A. asarense bulbs extract, IFN-γ production by lymphocytes was dropped, and this effect was remarkable at the lowest concentrations (0.0001, 0.001 and 0.005 mg/mL). The bulbs extract of A. asarense enhanced IL-4 production by the treated cells, whereas the bulbs extracts of A. sativum, A. jesdianum, and A. lenkoranicum had inhibitory effects on the production of IL-4. Treatment with the bulbs extracts of A. sativum and A. asarense caused increases in the secretion of IL-17 by the lymphocytes to some extent; however, the cytokine production decreased somewhat after incubation with A. jesdianum bulbs extracts. IFN-γ/ IL-4 ratio was raised after treatment of lymphocytes with A. stipitatum and A. sativum bulbs extracts, while incubation with A. asarense bulbs extracts decreased it. Conclusion: Since the bulbs extracts of the studied Allium species demonstrated immunomodulatory features, with further research, they would be considered as useful candidate for clinical purposes.
Recombinant Rabies Virus With a Multiple Cloning Site: A Platform Capable of Immunological Alterations
Authors:   Department of Biology, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran., Naghi Mousavi Seyed Hamidreza , Gholami Alireza ,   Viral Vaccines Production Unit, Research and Production Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran., Jafarinia Mojtaba ,   Department of Biology, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran., Ajorloo Mehdi ,   Hepatitis Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
Published: February 2022

Background: Rabies is fatal encephalitis, i.e., preventable by appropriate vaccination. Reverse genetics has proved promising for manipulating the rabies virus immunological characteristics. The insertion or deletion of a gene from the rabies genome could render specific functions to the rabies virus. Materials and Methods: A multiple cloning site including 111 nucleotides long harboring 10 single-cut restriction sites have been designed. The designed fragment was cloned between the G and L genes of the rabies virus genome. The recombinant rabies virus was rescued, and its infectivity was confirmed in the BHK-21 cell line. The recombinant virus propagation was compared with the initial rabies virus strain. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism. Results: The cloning and localization of the multiple cloning site were verified by nucleotide sequencing. The recombinant virus properly propagated and rescued in the BHK-21 cell line. Comparing the recombinant virus with the initial rabies virus has shown that both viruses had similar functionality and propagation rate. Conclusion: The recombinant virus obtained in the present study could facilitate further cloning experiments. Examples include constructing a marker virus, carrying green fluorescent protein to be used either in rabies immunity assays or tracking the virus infection in relevant tissues.
The Association Between the rs1805329 of Rad23B Polymorphism and Severity of Lung Complications of Patients Exposed to Sulfur Mustard in Long Term
Authors:   Department of Biology, ّScience and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Zamani Mohammad Saber , Ghazanfari Tooba ,   Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran., Faghihzadeh Soghrat ,   Department of Biostatistics and Social Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
Published: February 2022

Background: During the Iran-Iraq war, the Iraqi regime frequently used sulfur mustard gas as a weapon in various residential areas, including Sardasht, causing multiple and severe long-term destructive effects on all living organisms, including humans. The pulmonary system is among the most essential organs with varying severity involved in sulfur mustard chemotoxicity in the long term. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Rad23B (rs1805329) polymorphism on the severity of lung complications in patients exposed to SM gas 30 years ago. Materials and Methods: The study explored 106 severe and 105 mild PBMC patients exposed to SM gas. Furthermore, 47 PBMC samples were added to the study as a non-exposed group (control). Genotyping of rs1805329 was performed using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results: The results revealed no significant differences in genotype frequencies between the mild, severe, and the unexposed group. Moreover, no statistically significant difference was observed in genotypic frequency in all co-dominant, dominant, recessive, and over-dominant models. Conclusion: The obtained data indicated that the rs1805329 of Rad23B was not associated with the severity of the lung complications of patients exposed to sulfur mustard 30 years ago.
Routine Laboratory Parameters as a Tool for Predicting Death in Patients With COVID-19
Authors:   Department of Medical Sciences, Aligudarz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aligudarz, Iran., Soltani Atefeh ,   Department of Hematology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran., Eskandari Mehrabadi Maryam ,   Department of Biology, School of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran., Sheikhi Shima ,   Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran., Faghih Marjan ,   Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran., Abdolmaleki Mohsen ,   Department of Medical Sciences, Aligudarz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aligudarz, Iran.
Published: February 2022

Background: The complexity of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) makes the clinical course of the disease develop rapidly, causing severe and deadly complications. Identifying effective laboratory biomarkers able to predicting patients based on their risk. This study aimed to look for those serobiomarkers in hospitalized patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Materials and Methods: In this retrospective observational study, 114 patients with COVID-19, admitted to Valian hospital in Aligudarz, City, Iran from October to December 2020 were examined. The disease outcome was followed along with the hospital course of every patient at the time of analysis. Laboratory investigations of all patients were monitored at the time of admission. A comparative analysis was done between the survivors (n=73) and non-survivors (n=41). Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS. Results: Of the 114 patients, 40.4% (n=41) were non-survivor, and there were significant differences in Hemoglobin (Hb), Hematocrit (Hct), Platelet (PLT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Total Bilirubin, Fasting Blood Suger (FBS), Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), Creatinine (Cr), Albumin (ALB), and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) between survivors and non-survivors. Conclusion: The laboratory parameters have fundamental roles in poor prognosis and mortality prediction rated among patients with COVID-19 in the first admission. Thus, it is highly recommended to collaborate among hematologists, health managers, and clinical especialists.
Host Related Genetic and Nutrition Factors Play the Key Roles in COVID-19 Severity
Authors:   Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran., Ghazanfari Tooba
Published: February 2022

N/A
Effect of Classroom Management on Students' Mathematics Learning Motivation
Authors: Novita Millah , Rusdi Rusdi
Published: February 2022

This study was motivated by students' low motivation to learn mathematics in a twelfth-grade natural science groupt one of the senior high schools in West Sumatera, Indonesia. One of the alleged contributing factors is the less conducive classroom atmosphere due to the ineffectiveness of the applied classroom management. This study aims to determine the effect of classroom management on students’ mathematics learning motivation. This study was correlational research with the ex post facto nature of research. The study population was the twelfth-grade natural science group at one of the senior high schools in West Sumatera, Indonesia, which consisted of five groups. The data collection technique used was a questionnaire. Samples were taken by non-probability sampling with the purposive sampling technique. The data were analyzed using simple linear regression analysis. The results indicated a correlation between classroom management variables and mathematics learning motivation with a reasonably strong category. Based on the result, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of classroom management on the students’ mathematics learning motivation.
Effect of Science, Environment, Technology, and Society (SETS) Learning Model on Students' Motivation and Learning Outcomes in Biology
Authors: Putra Sukarman Hadi Jaya
Published: February 2022

The study aims to know the effect of the Science, Environment, Technology, and Society (SETS) learning model on students’ motivation and learning outcome on the concept of environmental change and conservation. The method used in this study is quasi-experimental with a non-equivalent control design. The sample is the tenth grade of MIA 3 and MIA 1 respectively as experiment and control group, chosen by purposive sampling technique. The instrument in this study was a questionnaire to measure motivation and a multiple-choice test to measure student learning outcomes. The data were analyzed using a t-test. The analysis results show an effect of the SETS learning model on students' motivation and learning outcomes in biology on the concept of environmental change and conservation in the tenth grade of St. John Paul II Catholic Senior High School Maumere.
Mathematics Online Learning via WhatsApp: How Effective?
Authors: Ikhlas Al
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of online mathematics learning using the WhatsApp application on students’ learning outcomes at one junior high school in Kerinci, Jambi, Indonesia. This research is quantitative descriptive research. The sample of the research was eighth-grade students. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire and test. The hypothesis was evaluated using the one-sample t-test. This study shows that online mathematics learning using the WhatsApp application during the Covid-19 was ineffective in improving the students’ learning outcomes.
What Role Do You Play? Faculty Perceptions of Librarian-led Information Literacy Instruction
Authors: Breland Moddie
Published: February 2022

This study explored faculty perceptions of librarian-led information literacy instruction using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six faculty who taught undergraduate general education courses. The emergent theme of this study was that faculty believe their role in teaching information literacy differs from librarians. The participants thought faculty were responsible for teaching information literacy through direct instruction and assigning course work, while the librarians were responsible for teaching the research process. This study suggests that there are opportunities for librarians to assess further how faculty incorporate information literacy concepts into their classrooms.
The Development of Inheritance Customary Law For The Heirs of Girls According To The Patrilineal Kinship System
Authors: Afnaini
Published: February 2022

Inheritance law in Indonesia is still plural, this happens because Indonesia does not yet have a National Inheritance Law that applies to all Indonesian people. In connection with the absence of the law, in Indonesia there are still three (3) kinship systems, i.e. the kinship system, the parental kinship system and the matrilineal kinship system. Additionally, through the Decree of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia dated November 1, 1961 Reg No. 179/K/Sip/1961 which states that the girl and boy of a joint heir are entitled to inheritance in the sense that the share of boys is equal to that of girls. The problems in this research are 1) how to development of inheritance distribution practices for inheritance to girls in the patrilineal kinship system 2) how is the direction of development of customary inheritance law towards inheritance to girls in the patrilineal kinship system? This study uses research methods with a normative approach. The results showed that the practice of dividing inheritance for inheritance to girls in the patrilineal kinship system has undergone changes in several factors that effect the development of changes in indigenous peoples, including education, overseas/migration, economic and religious factors as well as social court decisions. 2) The direction of development of customary inheritance law towards inheritance to girls in the patrilineal kinship system began with the issuance of Supreme Court Decision Number 179K/Sip/1961 and has moved towards a patrilineal system that provides equality towards equality and rights for boys and girls because it is influenced by human factors, justice and equality between men and women.
Screening of the use of benzodiazepines during COVID-19 pandemic in the general population
Authors: Isjanovski Viktor , Kacarska Milijana
Published: February 2022

Benzodiazepines have been commonly prescribed for the treatment of anxiety and insomnia in the last few decades. There has been a rising concern regarding safety of benzodiazepines due to overdose related deaths, addictions and cognitive side effects. COVID-19 pandemic is expected to cause a mental health crisis. Several studies have shown an increase in anxiety and insomnia. Тhe prescriptions of benzodiazepines could increase due to increase in anxiety and insomnia. The pandemic calls for a rapid adaptation of conventional medical practices to meet the evolving needs of such vulnerable patients. COVID-19 patients may frequently require treatment with psychotropic medications. This pandemic is leading to additional health problems such as stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, insomnia, denial, anger and fear, globally.
The COVID-19 pandemic is a challenge to humanity. It is not only a health crisis but also a social crisis. The life is unlikely to be the same after we come out of the pandemic. There will be changes at the level of individuals, families, communities, states, nations, international relationships, and the way all of us will deal with a range of human and environmental situations. Disasters are always associated with increased rates of emotional health needs from distress to specific disorders, such as posttraumatic stress disorder. Past experiences have shown psychosocial interventions, ranging from self‑care, psychological first aid, counseling, social support and formal psychiatric care can minimize the emotional health impact of disasters. These activities can be initiated by individuals and professionals.

Keywords: coronavirus, COVID-19, mental health, benzodiazepines
Health-related quality of life of teen/adult patients with cystic fibrosis in the Republic of North Macedonia
Authors: Nakov Zoran , Acevski Stevche , Velkoska Valentina , Naceva Fushtik Stojka , Nakov Natalija , Tonikj Ribarska Jasmina , Trajkovikj Jolevska Suzana
Published: February 2022

The present study investigates the Health-related quality of life of teen/adults patients with cystic fibrosis in the Republic of N. Macedonia for the first time. The main objective was to describe the health-related quality of life status of these patients with cystic fibrosis and the second objective was to investigate the connection of the current medical treatment with the analysed parameters.
The survey was conducted on 31 patients by using the Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire Revised for Health-related quality of live measurement and questions for current medical treatment.
All patients scored their digestive condition with the highest score, while the lower score was reported for social activity. The gender, the nationality and the educational level of the patients with Cystic Fibrosis had no significant impact on their perception of Health-Related Quality of Live.
The highest score for digestive condition was in positive correlation with the fact that all patients continuously used enzyme therapy. Patients who practiced physical therapy and physical activities reported high scores for physical conditions and body images. This finding point out that patient with Cystic Fibrosis should be encouraged to practice physical activity more often.
The lowest scores for life activities and treatment burden shows that this medical condition has a negative impact on the patients’ self-perception and in the execution of their daily activities.

Keywords: cystic fibrosis, Health-Related Quality of Live, digest, daily activities
Prognostic impact of immunophenotyping of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma - a single-centre experience
Authors: Trajkova Sanja , Krstevska-Balkanov Svetlana , Petrusevska Gordana , Cevreska Lidija , Pivkova-Veljanovska Aleksandra , Popova-Labacevska Marija , Ridova Nevenka , Stojanovska Simona , Panovska-Stavridis Irina
Published: February 2022

The concept generated by biological expression profile divided patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) into two subtypes. This concept has been presented in the recent editions of WHO classification and became a prognostic tool. Aim of the study was introduction of new three-marker model for immunohistochemical and prognostic subclasification of patients with DLBCL. Our retrospective study enrolled 200 adult patients with DLBCL diagnosed and treated in the period between January 2013 to January 2021. They were all treated with chemoimmunotherapy with R+/-CHOP regimen and the median follow-up of the patients was 48 months. We analysed the biopsy samples immunohistochemically with the markers of germinal (BCL6) and post-germinal centre (MUM1), and the marker of apoptosis (BCL2).
Using the immunohistochemical three-marker model, which consisted of BCL-2, BCL-6, and MUM1, we distributed the patients with DLBCL into 2 subgroups: germinal centre – like (GCL) and activated centre-like lymphoma (ACL). The GCL and ACL patients were comparable regarding age, gender and all other already established prognostic parameters. Patients with GCL had overall survival of 140 months, and patients with ACL had overall survival of 88 months. ACL patients with BCL2 expression had a shorter survival compared to ACL patients without BCL2 expression. The difference in survival was statistically significant for p=0.01914.
The study introduced the new three-marker model for immunohistochemical subclasification of patients with DLBCL treated with immunochemotherapy. Apoptotic marker BCL2 is a strong survival predictor. In the present study, we confirmed the prognostic importance of BCL2 protein expression, which showed a predictive capacity in ACL.

Keywords: DLBCL, three - marker model, immunohistochemical, BCL2
Early mortality and overall survival in acute promyelocytic leukemia – a single-center experience
Authors: Krstevska Balkanov Svetlana , Trajkova Sanja , Genadieva Stavric Sonja , Pivkova Veljanovska Aleksandra , Stojanovska Simona , Spasovski Dejan , Kocoski Bozidar , Panovska Stavridis Irina
Published: February 2022

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a subtype of acute leukemia (AL) with distinct cytogenetics, clinical and biological characteristics. APL was considered as one of the most rapidly lethal forms of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), but recently, with the introduction of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) it has become the most curable subtype of AL. The main difficulty with APL is early death (ED), defined as death because of any cause within 30 days after diagnosis, and it has emerged as the most important cause of treatment failure.
Our retrospective-prospective study was realized at the University Clinic for Hematology from January 2004 until December 2020. It included 46 patients with APL, according to FAB and WHO classification with confirmed molecular diagnosis. The following patients’ risk stratification factors were analyzed: age, Sanz risk score, WBC, PL, clinical presentation of the disease, levels of fibrinogen and D-dimers.
During the study period, APL was diagnosed in 46 patients, 24 females (52.2%) and 22 males (47.8%), with mean age of 45 years. The overall survival showed that 24 patients (52.1%) were alive and 22 (47.8%) had lethal outcome. Regarding treatment, five patients (10.9%) died before starting the chemo-treatment. But, still, ED was observed in 13 patients (59%), and in 9 patients (40.9%) death occurred 30 days after establishing the diagnosis. The main reasons of mortality were also analyzed. To prevent ED prior to treatment, suspected APL patients should be immediately hospitalized and treated as medical emergency.

Keywords: acute promyelocytic leukemia, early death, all-trans retinoic acid
Fulminant Myocarditis in Covid 19 - Case report
Authors: Grueva Nastevska Elena , Kotlar Irina , Kandic Elma , Gruev Vladislav , Chelikikj Ana , Lazarova Emilija , Mitevska Irena , Busljetic Oliver
Published: February 2022

Fulminant myocarditis (FM) is a syndrome characterized by sudden and severe diffuse cardiac inflammation often leading to death resulting from cardiogenic shock, ventricular arrhythmias, or multi-organ system failure. Clinical presentations vary widely, but the main characteristic is a rapidly progressive clinical course with the need of hemodynamic support. We present a clinical case of a patient with COVID-19 admitted to our cardiac intensive care unit with severely reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and worsening clinical course ending in cardiogenic shock in a very short time. The only available imaging technique in these fast-deteriorating patients is the bedside echocardiography, helping to provide accurate assessment and adequate treatment as soon as possible. Even though the current recommendations imply the use of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) as a diagnostic tool for myocarditis, their application in the COVID-19 pandemic is limited. The use of inotropes and mechanical support is the recommended and the final challenge as a bridge to recovery or bridge to transplant. In the settings where CMR and EMB are not feasible from an infection control standpoint, the diagnose should rely on the integration of clinical, laboratory (cardiac biomarkers), electrocardiographic (ST-segment changes), and echocardiographic -wall motion abnormalities, ejection fraction, and pericardial effusion- data.

Keywords: myocarditis; COVID-19; cardiogenic shock; echocardiography; endomyocardial biopsy
BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND CONSERVATION OF Rafflesia arnoldii : INDONESIAN ENDEMIC PLANT CONSERVATION
Authors: Asiandu Angga Puja
Published: February 2022

Rafflesia arnoldii is one of the rare endemic plants in Indonesia. This endemic plant has unique characteristics and has various kinds of modifications that differentiate it from other plants. However, this largest-flower plant is classified as an endangered plant. It is due to its limited life cycle and distribution area. Many kinds of habitat destruction caused by human activities also threaten the existence of this endemic plant. Besides, it is highly dependent on the presence of its host plant, Tetrastigma sp. Therefore, conservation actions are needed. Conservation is implemented through in-situ or ex-situ conservation. It can be optimized by utilizing ecotourism activities that involve local communities.
PENGARUH FREKUENSI PENYIRAMAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BUNCIS (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Authors: Pratiwi Ambar
Published: February 2022

Buncis (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) termasuk tanaman yang mempunyai sensitifitas agak tinggi terhadap kekeringan. Frekuensi penyiraman yang berbeda dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adakah perbedaan perlakuan variasi frekuensi penyiraman terhadap pertumbuhan buncis, serta menentukan frekuensi penyiraman optimal untuk menghasilkan pertumbuhan buncis terbaik. Variasi frekuensi penyiraman yang diberikan yaitu 1 hari sekali, 2 hari sekali, 4 hari sekali, 6 hari sekali, dan 8 hari sekali dengan volume air 200 mL. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan analisis data menggunakan uji ANOVA, dan uji lanjut DMRT. Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah daun, lebar daun, jumlah bunga, berat basah, dan berat kering. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian variasi frekuensi penyiraman terdapat perbedaan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan buncis. Frekuensi penyiraman 8 hari sekali mengalami penghambatan pertumbuhan dibandingkan dengan frekuensi penyiraman 1 hari sekali terhadap semua parameter kecuali pada parameter lebar daun. Tinggi tanaman mencapai 223,72 cm pada pemberian perlakuan frekuensi penyiraman 1 hari sekali, sedangkan diameter batang mencapai 0,327 cm, demikian pula dengan jumlah daun terdapat 24 daun majemuk. Sedangkan jumlah bunga terbanyak terdapat pada perlakuan frekuensi penyiraman 2 hari sekali yaitu 2 kuntum bunga. Demikian juga berat basah total mencapai 45 gram, dan berat kering mencapai 12,6 gram pada pemberian perlakuan frekuensi penyiraman 1 kali sehari. Semakin lama frekuensi penyiraman yang diberikan, semakin menghambat pertumbuhan buncis. Frekuensi penyiraman 1 hari sekali merupakan frekuensi penyiraman yang paling optimal terhadap semua parameter pertumbuhan kecuali pada parameter lebar daun.