bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ideal TPACK For Arabic Language Lecturer: Student Voices
Authors: Rozak Abd. , Nisa Pia Khoirotun , Albantani Azkia Muharom
Published: August 2024

TPACK-based learning (Technology Pedagogical Content Knowledge) is an alternative strategy in the online-based learning process. This has an impact on the selection of learning activities, media as well as improving the quality of teaching pedagogy, so it is necessary to map the TPACK learning process based on the students’ perceptions who have participated in the TPACK-based learning Arabic. This study aims to identify student responses to the TPACK-based learning process with several categories. This study uses an exploratory research design by adopting questionnaire consisting of 27 statement items covering the 7 TPACK sub-domains. The questions were distributed via google form to 129 students, the analysis applied descriptive statistical techniques. The research findings show that the implementation of Arabic learning based on TPACK framework utilise indicators such as the use of online media, the application of online-based classroom administration, the availability of online learning resources, and the improvement of teaching pedagogy based on teaching technology. Through the integration of technology, pedagogy, content knowledge, it can accelerate the process of acquiring and increasing student Arabic productivity. This study recommends further research to identify the application and effectiveness of using technology, content and pedagogy separately.
Does Wives’ Empowerment Moderate the Association Between Husbands’ Drunkenness and Their Intimate Partner Violence Toward Their Wives?—A Study in India
Authors: Dakua Manoj , Mudi Prasanna Kumar , Karmakar Ranjan , Pradhan Manas Ranjan
Published: August 2024

Although the impacts of husband alcohol consumption and wife empowerment on intimate partner violence (IPV) have been researched independently, there is scanty evidence on the moderating role of empowerment in reducing IPV among wives whose husbands drink alcohol in India. Using the data from the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey (2019–2021), this study examines the intermediating role of wives’ empowerment in the association between husbands’ drunkenness and IPV among currently married women (n= 16,360). Multidimensional women empowerment indices were constructed, and logistic regression was used to show the association between husbands’ drunkenness and the type of IPV among their wives with different empowerment levels. The IPV prevalence ranged from 12% for sexual assault to 47% for physical violence. The odds of physical violence (odds ratio (OR) = 3.83, 95% confidence interval (CI) [3.29–4.44]), sexual violence (OR = 3.88, 95% CI [ 2.98–5.05]), and emotional violence (OR = 4.94, 95% CI [4.02–6.05]) were higher among wives whose husbands were often drunk compared to those with never drunk husbands. However, with an increasing degree of husband drunkenness, the odds of emotional and sexual violence significantly reduced among wives with high empowerment indices. The results suggest the urgent need to curb alcohol consumption among men and the simultaneous socio-economic upliftment of women to reduce the prevalence of IPV. To further safeguard the welfare of women, it is also necessary to raise women’s understanding of current laws and their stringent enforcement.
Biyo-Priming Uygulamasının Mercimek (Lens culinaris M.)’te Çimlenme, Fide Gelişimi ve Tuzluluk Stresi Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Tarhan Berfin , Ceritoğlu Mustafa
Published: August 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ACC (1-Aminosiklopropan-1-Karboksilat) deaminaz enzim aktivitesi gösteren bitki gelişimini teşvik edici bakteri (Plant growth promoting bacteria, PGPB) strainlerinin mercimek (Lens culinaris M.)’te tuzluluk stresi üzerine etkilerinin çimlenme ve erken fide döneminde incelenmesidir. Araştırmada, 3 tuz (NaCl) konsantrasyonu (kontrol, 100 ve 200 mM) ve 6 PGPB suşu (kontrol, KF3A, KF3B, KF58B, KF58C ve KF63C) kullanılmıştır. Kontrol grubunda yer alan tohumlara saf su ile priming (hidro-priming) uygulanmıştır. Çalışma Siirt Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Tarla Bitkileri Laboratuvarı’nda tesadüf parsellerinde faktöriyel deneme desenine göre 4 tekerrürlü olarak 2023 yılında yürütülmüştür. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, fide kuru ağırlığı ve fide gücü indeksi hariç tüm parametreler tuzluluk stresinden veya biyo-priming uygulamalarından önemli ölçüde (p<0.05 veya p<0.01) etkilenmiştir. Araştırmada çimlenme yüzdesi % 91.8-99.4, ortalama çimlenme süresi 1.24-1.90 gün, çimlenme üniformite katsayısı 48.8-81.2, çimlenme enerjisi 9.3-81.9, çimlenme indeksi 10.1-18.0, fide uzunluğu 1.8-3.8 cm, kök uzunluğu 3.5-6.0 cm, fide kuru ağırlığı 0.0176-0.0240 g, kök kuru ağırlığı 0.0119-0.0206 g, fide gücü indeksi 3.3-4.1, lateral kök sayısı 1.3-4.3 adet ve lateral kök toplam uzunluğu 0.46-2.54 cm aralığında değişmiştir. KF58C ve KF63C optimum ve stres koşulları altında mercimek fidesinin çimlenmesini ve fide gelişimini teşvike ettiği, ancak KF3A, KF3B ve KF58B strainlerinin hidro-priming uygulamasına kıyasla daha zayıf bitki gelişimi sağladığı kaydedilmiştir. Özellikle KF58C straininin fide uzunluğu, kök uzunluğu, lateral kök sayısı ve lateral kök toplam uzunluğunu önemli ölçüde artırdığı, köklerde kuru madde birikimini % 114 oranında teşvik ettiği belirlenmitşir. Sonuç olarak, ACC deaminaz aktivitesine sahip PGPB strainleri ile biyo-priming işleminin mercimekte tuzluluk stresinin geliştirilmesi bakımından sürdürülebilir ve çevreci bir çözüm olabileceği düşünülmektedir.
Sustainable Land Management for Mitigating Soil Erosion at the Catchment Scale
Authors: Madenoğlu Sevinç , Pınar Melis Özge , Şahin Suat , Erpul Günay
Published: August 2024

This study addresses this challenge by focusing on the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to combat excessive soil erosion rates within the Kayacık Dam Basin, located in the semi-arid region of the Tigris-Euphrates Basin in Türkiye. The primary objective is to maintain an average annual soil loss of no more than 10 tons per hectare. To achieve this, the RUSLE model is employed to evaluate sustainable land management (SLM) strategies. These strategies encompass agronomic, vegetative, and structural measures, all of which are intricately linked to RUSLE's C and P factors. Spatial analysis reveals that severe erosion (10-20 t ha-1 y-1) is predominantly concentrated in agricultural areas, spanning 2536.37 hectares. In contrast, very severe erosion (>20 t ha-1 y-1) affects 834.13 hectares of grassland. Statistical analyses underscore the significant contributions of various model factors to predicted soil losses (A). LS, C, K, and R factors account for 80.24%, 44.68%, 0.97%, and 0.27% of the effect, respectively. Remarkably, topography exerts the most substantial influence on agriculture, pasture, and forest/other land uses, contributing 84.46%, 57.29%, and 39.27% to the variation, respectively. These findings highlight the pivotal role of effective agronomic and vegetative practices in ecosystems management, especially within steep-slope landscapes encompassing agriculture, grassland, and forest. Furthermore, the semi-arid regions under investigation contend with the intricate interplay of heightened drought risk and the ramifications of intensive irrigated agriculture on soil erosion. This complex dynamic presents distinct challenges for implementing SLM strategies in the face of evolving climatic conditions and underscores the need for climate-resilient solutions.
Badem Üreten İşletmelerin Sosyo-Demografik Yapısı ve Üretim Durumları: Adıyaman İli Örneği, Türkiye
Authors: Emre İbrahim , Tapkı Nuran
Published: August 2024

Bu çalışmada, Adıyaman ilinde badem üreten işletmelerin demografik yapılarının ortaya konulması, üretim durumunun belirlenmesi, üretim aşamasında işletme sahiplerinin yaptıkları işlemlerin incelenmesi, badem üretiminde sorunların belirlenmesi ve üretimin geliştirilmesi yönünde önerilerin sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Türkiye toplam badem üretiminin % 17.80’ini karşılayan Adıyaman ili çalışma alanı olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamına alınacak üretici sayısının belirlenmesinde “Basit Tesadüfi Örnekleme Yöntemi” kullanılmıştır. Badem yetiştiriciliği yapan üreticiler ile yüz yüze görüşmeler yapılarak veriler toplanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında işletmeler badem dikim alanına göre üç farklı gruba ayrılmıştır. İşletme grupları ile işletmecilerin bazı demografik özellikleri arasındaki farklılıkları belirleyebilmek için Kruskall-Wallis testi yapılmıştır. Adıyaman ilinde 2022 yılında toplam dikim alanı 108.750 dekar, üretim miktarı 33.827 tondur. Adıyaman ilinin iklim özelliklerinin badem üretimine uygun olması, yıllar itibari ile üretimde görülen artışın önümüzdeki yıllarda da devam edeceği, Adıyaman ilindeki badem işleme tesislerinin daha fazla yaygınlaşacağı ve ürüne olan ilginin daha çok artacağı öngörülmektedir. Yapılan değerlendirmeler, üretim sürecinde fidan temini, gübreleme, ilaçlama, sulama gibi aşamalarda çeşitli sorunlar yaşandığını ortaya koymuştur. Hastalıklarla ve zararlılarla mücadele ve girdi fiyatlarının yüksekliği en önemli sorunlar olarak ifade edilmiştir. Bu sebeple üreticilere sorunlarının çözülmesi, ürünlerini değerinde satabilmeleri ve istedikleri geliri elde etmeleri, gelir kaybı yaşamamaları için gerekli desteklerin sağlanması gerekmektedir. Böylece ilerleyen dönemlerde badem üretim alanlarında genişleme sağlanarak, üretimde büyük artışların mümkün olacağı kanaatine ulaşılmıştır.
Çeltik Üreticilerinin Sürdürülebilir Tarım Algılamalarının Faktör Analiziyle İncelenmesi
Authors: Avkıran Buse , Yılmaz Hasan
Published: August 2024

Bu çalışmada çeltik üreticilerinin sürdürülebilir tarım algılamalarının faktör analizi ile incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın ana materyalini, Türkiye’nin Marmara Bölgesi´nin Trakya kısmında yer alan Edirne ilinin İpsala ilçesinde faaliyet gösteren 89 çeltik üreticisinden anket yöntemiyle elde edilen birincil veriler oluşturmuştur. Çeltik üreticilerinin sürdürülebilir tarım algılamalarını etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi amacıyla, üreticilerin 60 önermeye katılma dereceleri likert ölçek kullanılarak saptanmıştır. Yapılan ön analiz sonucunda faktör yükü 0.50’den büyük 30 önerme ile faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Faktör analizi sonuçlarına göre; 30 değişkene ait öz değerlerden (Eigen value) 9 faktöre ait öz değerin 1’den büyük olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu nedenle faktör analizi sonuçları 9 faktör dikkate alınarak incelenmiştir. Bu 9 faktör toplam varyansın % 72.35’ni açıklamaktadır. Bu faktörler ve toplam varyansı açıklama oranları sırasıyla; Faktör1 “Çevresel duyarlılık faktörü (% 15.97)”, Faktör2 “Eğitim ve bilinç faktörü (% 11.64)”, Faktör3 “Çeltik üretimi ve kadın faktörü (% 8.47)”, Faktör4 “Tohum tercihi ve risk yönetim faktörü (% 7.01)”, Faktör5 “Tarımsal amaçlı elde edilen finans kaynaklarının çeltik üretiminde kullanılması faktörü (% 6.60)”, Faktör6 “İşbirliği ve çevresel iyileştirme faktörü (% 6.44)”, Faktör7 “Çevresel bozulma ve verimlilik faktörü (% 6.08)”, Faktör8 “Sağlık faktörü (% 5.38)”, Faktör9 “Verimlilik faktörü (% 4.77)” olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen bu sonuçlar, çeltik üretiminde sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanabilmesi için; çevre dostu sürdürülebilir tarımsal tekniklerin devlet tarafından teşvik edilmesi ve çiftçilerin sürdürülebilir tarım teknikleri konusunda eğitilmesi hususunda, politika yapıcılar ve karar alıcılar için önemli veriler sunmaktadır.
Valentin N. Volóchinov
Authors: Gomes Filipe Almeida
Published: August 2024

O presente texto aborda o trabalho do estudioso russo Valentin N. Volóchinov, autor da obra Marxismo e filosofia da linguagem. O objetivo é demonstrar um conjunto de características que situam Volóchinov como um partícipe do movimento de crítica das ciências, o qual teve seu epicentro na Alemanha, entre os anos 1840 e 1900. Para isso, além de uma reflexão geral, que recupera a acepção do termo “crítica” mais presente no ambiente acadêmico da época, são considerados dois pontos da muito mencionada – e, ao que tudo indica, um tanto mal compreendido – oposição do pensador russo à linguística de Ferdinand de Saussure, tal como essa última é apresentada no Curso de linguística geral. Ao fim, a título de provocação, são esboçadas algumas palavras a respeito da proximidade entre os trabalhos epistemológicos de Valentin N. Volóchinov e Wilhelm Dilthey.
Magnetic-field driven domain wall evolution in rhombohedral magnetostrictive single crystals: a phase-field simulation
Authors: Xu Yu-Xin , Cai Ting-Tao , Hu Cheng-Chao , Zhang Zhao , Dong Shou-Zhe , Huang Hai-Hua , Li Wei , Huang Hou-Bing , Chen Long-Qing , Rao Wei-Feng
Published: August 2024

Single crystal of Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe2 (Terfenol-D) with a composition close to the pre-transitional rhombohedral side of the ferromagnetic morphotropic phase boundary has demonstrated remarkable magnetostrictive properties, stimulating intensive research interest in the field of magneto-mechanical transducers and actuators. The enhanced magnetoelastic response of (Tb-Dy)Fe2 single crystals has been extensively linked to the structural phase transition and magnetic domain evolution. This research utilized the micromagnetic microelastic phase-field technique to examine the evolution of domain walls in rhombohedral ferromagnetic single crystals of (Tb-Dy)Fe2, which is essential for understanding the magnetostriction “jump” effect. The study involved simulating the creation and development of domains and domain boundaries under a periodic boundary condition that allows for non-zero strain. It was found that the two typical distinct types of domain walls (i.e., 71° and 109°) exhibited disparate responses to the applied magnetic fields. At magnetic field magnitudes below the coercive field, a domain wall broadening mechanism was detected within the 71° domain wall. However, upon surpassing the coercive field, a process of homogeneous magnetization switching ensued, devoid of evident displacement of the 71° domain walls. The magnetization switching effectively elucidated the magnetostriction “jump” effect of the rhombohedral single crystals. The act of sweeping the 109° domain walls resulted in the occurrence of heterogeneous magnetization switching. This study elucidates the evolutionary mechanism of two typical rhombohedral domain walls in response to applied magnetic fields, potentially offering valuable insights into the future design of excellent magnetostrictive materials through domain engineering.
A typology framework for unethical medical practices under public health insurance schemes in India: Analysis of evidence over the past 12 years
Authors: Naib Parul
Published: August 2024

Background: Unethical provider practices in public healthcare schemes adversely impact beneficiaries’ health, result in the loss of public funds, and also bring disrepute to the schemes. There is extensive literature on the typologies of unethical practices in healthcare in developed countries. This study aims to develop a typology framework which is applicable in the Indian context. Methods: In this study, 25 media reports and research studies were analysed on unethical provider practices under public health insurance schemes in India over the past 12 years from 2010 to 2022. The reports were collated from de-empanelment orders issued by state health authorities against various erring entities, and research studies conducted on the abuse of these schemes. Results: Based on the analysis and classification of the cases reported, an "Unethical Provider Practices" typology for healthcare fraud has been defined. Additional fraud typologies are found to be prevalent in India in addition to those captured by existing frameworks. These include patient harm, ID theft of beneficiary data to create cards for non-beneficiaries, and collusion between providers and different entities. Conclusions: Fraud control mechanisms leveraging technology such as AI-enabled digital apps for medical audits, biometric technology at the point of care and rigourous checks of ID documents before beneficiary cards are issued as well as having more specific legal provisions in place for healthcare fraud will enable enhanced prevention, detection and deterrence of healthcare fraud.
The Health Consequences of Plastic Milk Packaging: A Emphasis on Cancer
Authors: Patil Abhinandan , Rathi Janvi
Published: August 2024

The pervasive use of plastic for milk packaging has raised significant health concerns, despite its advantages in terms of cost-effectiveness, convenience, and durability. The potential correlation between cancer and plastic packaging is one of these concerns. This mini-review examines the health implications of plastic materials used in milk packaging, with a particular emphasis on their carcinogenic hazards. This work endeavors to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the influence of plastic components on human health and underscore the importance of ongoing research in this field by utilizing insights from a comprehensive review article. Harmful chemicals have been observed to leach into milk from plastics used in milk packaging, including high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), particularly under conditions of protracted storage and heat. Bisphenol A (BPA), phthalates, and styrene are among the most prevalent leachates. These chemicals have been associated with a variety of health issues, such as an elevated risk of cancer, and are recognized for their endocrine-disrupting properties. BPA and phthalates, in particular, have the potential to disrupt hormone function, which may result in breast cancer, prostate cancer, and other hormone-related malignancies.This review emphasizes the significance of comprehending the precise components of plastics utilized in milk packaging and their potential health consequences. It advocates for more rigorous research to completely elucidate the long-term health impacts of these materials by emphasizing the current state of knowledge and regulatory initiatives. Additionally, it underscores the necessity of innovative packaging technologies to guarantee consumer protection and mitigate the risk of exposure to carcinogenic substances.
Replacement of Fish Meal with Crustacean Meals in Diets for Long Snouted Seahorse, Hippocampus guttulatus: Digestibility and Growth Performance
Authors: Palma Jorge , Correia Miguel , Andrade José Pedro , Bureau Dominique
Published: August 2024

This study investigated the effect of partially replacing fish meal with krill and copepod meals in inert diets, co-fed with shrimp, on the growth and nutrient digestibility of long-snout seahorse (Hippocampus guttulatus). A control diet (Diet 1) using raw starch and four experimental diets with similar protein (≈44.8%) and energy (≈15.1 MJ/kg) levels were tested. Diet 2 used fish meal as the sole protein source, while in Diets 3-5, krill and copepod meals replaced 44% of the fish meal. Seahorses fed Shrimp + Diets 2-5 showed significantly higher growth rates (P < 0.05) than those fed Shrimp + Diet 1, though there were no significant growth differences among Diets 2-5. Digestibility of dry matter (46.1% to 72.2%), lipids (73.3% to 85.5%), crude protein (89.8% to 95.8%), energy (82% to 92.2%), and phosphorus (28.7% to 64.4%) varied with diet, being consistently lower in seahorses fed Shrimp + Diet 1. As an agastric species, H. guttulatus did not exhibit impaired digestibility for any of the tested nutrients, minerals, or energy. This study suggests that crustacean meals can effectively substitute fish meal in inert diets for this species, contributing to the sustainability and optimization of captive seahorse husbandry practices.
An Extreme Learning Machine Stock Price Prediction Algorithm Based on the Optimisation of the Crown Porcupine Optimisation Algorithm with an Adaptive Bandwidth Kernel Function Density Estimation Algorithm
Authors: Yu Keke , Bao Qiaozhi , Xu Haosen , Cao Guanghe , Xia Siwei
Published: August 2024

This paper aims to explore the potential application of Extreme Learning Machines (ELM) in stock price prediction and optimise the ELM model by combining the Crown Porcupine Optimisation Algorithm and the Adaptive Bandwidth Kernel Function Density Estimation Algorithm. Specifically, the model's root mean square error (RMSE) on the test set is 0.018, which shows its good prediction accuracy. Meanwhile, the correlation coefficient R reaches 0.968, proving the model's effectiveness in predicting stock prices. In addition, the coefficient of determination R² of the training set and test set are 0.987 and 0.954, respectively, which are not much different, indicating that the model has good generalisation ability and is not prone to overfitting. This is crucial for practical application, as it implies that the model fits the existing data well and makes accurate predictions for future data. In terms of other evaluation metrics such as Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), the performance is excellent in both the training and test sets. Together, these results indicate that after optimising the ELM by introducing the crown porcupine optimisation algorithm and the adaptive bandwidth kernel function density estimation algorithm, the model can effectively capture the changing stock price pattern, thus achieving efficient and accurate stock price prediction. In summary, this study not only demonstrates the great potential of ELM in stock price prediction but also highlights the importance of improving the model performance through advanced algorithm optimisation, which provides a new way of thinking and methodology for financial market analysis. This strongly supports investors' decision-making and lays the foundation for related research.
De Novo Assembly of H3L and A17L Epitopes for the Rapid Development of Clade 1b MPOX Countermeasures for Africa
Authors: Wayengera Misaki
Published: August 2024

Background: An outbreak of Mpox disease caused by a mutant clade 1b virus (MPXV) in Kamituga area, South Kivu Province, DRC has rapidly grown to involve neighboring countries in this region. This now has the authorities worried, due to the limited supply of Mpox vaccines with emergence use licensure (EUL) available. As an emergency local response to this challenge, we set out to identify epitopes of clade 1b MPXV surface proteins as targets for the rapid research and development (R & D) of Mpox medical countermeasures.
Methods: The H3L (OPG108–heparin binding protein) and A17L (OPG143–myristylated protein) were selected by virtue of their surface localization, stability and known role in MPXV host cell fusion entry. Within the immune epitope database analysis resource (IEDB-AR), surface accessibility, antigenicity and 3-D localisation (DiscoTope) we examined to identify > 9-nomer epitopes
Results: Three (3) and six(6) candidate >9-nomer epitopes were derived for H3L and A17L surface fusion protein. Across all parameters, the two best identified epitopes were as follows:—H3L (28-HINDQKFDDVKDNEVMQEKR-47 and 236-YVEHDPRLVAEH-247) and A17L (104-QNEVTPEYIKDLKYATDYIA-123;) 270-KKDYLLGDSDSVAKCCSKTNTKHCPKIFNNNYKTEHC-290).
Conclusions: These epitopes— alone, multiplexed (say as a nano-spiked virus-like particles, VLPs) or fused as a chimeric recombinants form immunogens for the rapid production of protein sub-unit vaccines. Inversely, derivative monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from the same are precursors for therapeutic cocktails and or antigen, rapid diagnostic tests (RDT).
Complete Genome Sequence of the Butirosin-producing Bacillus vitellinus NBRC 13296 and its reclassification to Paenibacillus chitinolyticus
Authors: Hyun Kyung-A , Kim Seung-Young , Boo Kyung-Hwan , Chi Won-Jae , Hyun Chang-Gu
Published: August 2024

Butirosins are naturally occurring aminoglycoside (AG) antibiotics featuring a 4,5-disubstituted 2-deoxystreptamine (2-DOS) with a (2S)-4-amino-2-hydroxybutyrate (AHBA) side chain. This side chain has been shown to confer resistance against AG modifying enzymes, leading to ongoing studies on the butirosin biosynthetic pathway and the corresponding enzymes. Butirosin is produced by Niallia (formerly Bacillus) circulans and Bacillus vitellinus, with most research focused on the former strain. To date, no whole genome analysis has been performed on B. vitellinus. In this study, we sequenced the complete genome of B. vitellinus NBRC 13296 and performed a comparative analysis of different butirosin biosyntheric gene clusters (BGCs), including those from N. circulans. The complete genome of B. vitellinus NBRC 13296 comprises a 6,331,192 base circlular chromosome with a GC content of 52.68%. The annotation revealed the presence of 5,605 CDSs, 70 tRNA genes, 30 rRNA genes, and 3 ncRNA genes in NBRC 13296. The highest dDDH and ANI values between NBRC 13296 and the most closely related type strain, Paenibacillus chitinolyticus KCCM 41400, were 97.8% and 98.66%, respectively. Based on these genome-based comparative analyses, we propose reclassifying B. vitellinus NBRC 13296 as P. chitinolyticus. Genome mining revealed 18 gene clusters encoding the biosynthesis of diverse secondary metabolites in the genome of B. vitellinus NBRC 13296, indicating the enormous biosynthetic potential of this strain. The predicted structural diversity of secondary metabolites includes aminoglycoside, PKS, NRPS, PKS-NRPS hybrids, metallophores, phosphonates, terpenes, β-lactones, and RiPP peptides. We then comparatively characterized butorosin BGCs previously studied in several N. circulans strains. Additionally, comparative genome analysis revealed complete butirosin BGCs identified from P. chitinolyticus KCCM 41400, P. chitinolyticus NRRL B-23119, P. chitinolyticus NRRL B-23120, P. chitinolyticus B-14908, P. chitinolyticus YSY-3.1, P. chitinolyticus JMW06, Paenibacillus sp. GbtcB18, Paenibacillus sp. HGH0039, Paenibacillus sp. MZ04-78.2. Finally, we identified the core region consisting of BtrS, BtrN, BtrM, BtrL, BtrA, BtrB, BtrC, BtrD, BtrD, BtrE, BtrF, BtrG, BtrH, BtrI, BtrI, BtrJ, BtrK, BtrO, BtrP, and BtrV, followed by an upstream region organizing BtrQ, BtrW, BtrX, BtrY, and BtrZ in the same transcriptional direction and sequential genetic arrangement, and a downstream region organizing various proteins based on BtrT, BtrR2, BtrU, and BtrR1. Our study provided insights into the reclassification of B. vitellinus NBRC 13296 to P. chitinolyticus and suggested the need for continued studies on butirosin biosynthesis from an enzymatic perspective.
Revisiting Clockwork Model: A Review of Theoretical Foundations and Experimental Progress
Authors: Ghosh Gayatri , Khlopov Maxim
Published: August 2024

Clockwork fermions represent a novel theoretical construct in high-energy physics, addressing such fundamental issues as mass hierarchies and dark matter. This review provides an examination of the theoretical underpinnings of clockwork fermions, their implications for particle physics, and the current state of experimental validations. Clockwork fermions represent a paradigm in particle physics, elegantly addressing the hierarchy problem and offering insights into the generation of small neutrino masses. We provide an analysis of the clockwork mechanism, emphasizing its theoretical innovation and the unique mass hierarchies it produces. We examine recent experimental efforts, including collider searches and direct detection experiments, that place constraints on clockwork models, while also exploring their potential cosmological implications.
Estimation Model for Maize Multi-components Based on Hyperspectral Data
Authors: Xue Hang , Xu Xiping , Meng Xiang
Published: August 2024

Assessing the quality of corn seeds necessitates evaluating their content of water, fat, protein, and starch. This study integrates hyperspectral imaging technology with chemometric analysis techniques to achieve non-invasive and rapid detection of multiple key components in corn seeds. Hyperspectral images of the embryo surface of maize seeds were collected within the wavelength range of 1100~2498nm. Subsequently, image segmentation techniques were applied to extract the germ structure of the corn seeds as the region of interest. Seven spectral data preprocessing algorithms were employed, and the Detrending Transformation (DT) algorithm was identified as the optimal preprocessing method through comparative analysis using the Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) model. To reduce spectral redundancy and streamline the prediction model, three algorithms were employed for characteristic wavelength extraction: Successive Projections Algorithm (SPA), Competitive Adaptive Reweighted Sampling (CARS), and Uninformative Variable Elimination (UVE). Using both the original spectra and the extracted characteristic wavelengths, four content detection models were constructed: PLSR, Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN), Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN), and Least Squares Support Vector Machine (LSSVM). The experimental results demonstrate that the DT-CARS-LSSVM model exhibits exceptional accuracy and stability in predicting these four key components, with determination coefficients of 0.9877, 0.9344, 0.9827, and 0.9592, respectively. This study not only provides a scientific basis for evaluating the quality of corn seeds but also opens up new avenues for the development of non-invasive detection technology in related fields.
A KATP Channel Theory of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Rappoport Ari
Published: August 2024

I present the first complete theory of ADHD. ADHD occurs when the organism adapts to try to maintain higher glucose levels than normal. The main mechanism via which this is done is by faster opening of KATP channels, mainly Kir6.2/SUR1, which increases the cell's intrinsic \xtblty. I show that this induces all of the symptoms of ADHD. The optimal treatment for ADHD already exists, since drugs of the sulfonylurea family close KATP channels and have been used for safely treating people for dozens of years.
An Entire Approach for Infectious Disease Modelling
Authors: Badki Meenal
Published: August 2024

This research paper is divided into two aspects: first part describes the modelling techniques which are referred for handling infectious diseases in public health domain, second part describes the modelling techniques which are referred for building epidemiology cases in public health domain. To illustrate further, first part helps in understanding various modeling ordinary differential equations have been defined to develop the definition, described to know the terminologies involved in developing the equations and henceforth established to understand the end-to-end process. Second part helps in understanding various aspects of epidemiology in public health domain and how they help in addressing the public health domain policy-making.
Compartmental Description of the Cosmological Baryonic Matter Cycle. I. Competition of Spontaneous Star Formation, Stellar Feedback and Stellar Evolution
Authors: Schlickeiser Reinhard , Kröger Martin
Published: August 2024

Context: The compartmental description, well-known from the description of infection diseases and epidemics, is applied to describe the temporal evolution of the baryonic matter in interstellar gas and stars. The introduction of gaseous and stellar fractions of the total baryonic matter as the basic dynamical variables is advantageous because it allows to apply the description to a variety of astrophysical systems. Aims: The competition of spontaneous star formation, stellar feedback and stellar evolution is theoretically investigated to understand the baryonic matter cycle including luminous baryonic matter in main-sequence stars and weakly luminous matter in white dwarfs, neutron stars and black holes (referred to as locked-in matter). Of particular interest is the understanding of the cosmic star formation history and the present-day gas fraction with compartmental models. Methods: For stationary rates of spontaneous star formation, continuous stellar feedback and stellar evolution exact analytical solutions of the time evolution of the fractions of gaseous, luminous stellar and locked-in stellar matter are derived. The accuracy of the analytical solutions is proven by the favorite comparison with the exact numerical solutions of the dynamical equations. Results: The observed cosmological star formation rate and the integrated stellar density as a function of redshift are reasonably well explained by the compartmental model without triggered star formation by the competition of spontaneous star formation and stellar evolution whereas the influence of stellar feedback is less important. The action of stellar evolution provides a significant redshift dependent reduction factor when calculating the integrated stellar density from the star formation rate. Without stellar evolution the observations cannot be reproduced very well. Then the fits to the observation allow us conclusions on the relative importance of spontaneous star formation, stellar evolution and feedback in the early universe after the recombination era until today. The gas, luminous star and locked-in stellar matter fractions indicate that the vast majority of the baryons in the present-day universe resides in the form of locked-in stellar matter in white dwarfs, neutron stars and black holes.
The Designs and Testing of Biodegradable Inserts for Enhanced Crashworthiness in Sports Helmets
Authors: Kaczyński Paweł , Skwarski Mateusz , Dmitruk Anna , Makuła Piotr , Ludwiczak Joanna
Published: August 2024

The article addresses manufacturing structures made of biodegradable materials that can be successfully used as energy-absorbing liner of sports helmets of all kinds, replacing the previously used expanded polystyrene. The paper is focused on injection technological tests and tensile tests (in quasi-static and dynamic conditions) of several composites based on a PLA matrix with the addition of other biodegradable softening agents, such as PBAT and TPS. Next, the thin-walled elements (dimensions of 55 x 55 x 20 mm) were manufactured and evaluated using a spring-loaded drop hammer. The 60J impact energy was tested according to EN 1078 standard. The dynamic crushing testing included checking the influence of the materials temperature (-20, 0, 20, and 40 °C) and the impact velocity. The PLA15PBAT85 blend was selected as the most effective material in terms of its use as energy-absorbing liner for sport helmets.
Perspective and Challenges in Oral Cancer Screening Practices of Primary Care Providers
Authors: Yadav Sangeeta , Ponnamaneni Nishitha , Wee Alvin G
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study is to understand the rationale for the lack of interest to perform regular opportunistic oral cancer screening (OCS) by primary care providers (PCPs) and the challenges they have in incorporating OCS into their annual examination protocol.

Method: Sequential exploratory mixed methods were used. Both qualitative and quantitative data from PCPs working at Nebraska Medicine were obtained. One-on-one in-depth interviews were performed to identify PCP's perceptions and challenges in performing OCS. The themes identified in the qualitative study were used as a guide in the development of survey questionnaires. The survey was emailed to all the PCPs (N=100), whose information was available on the Nebraska Medicine publicly accessible website.

Results: The response rate was 34%. Approximately 60% of the participants mentioned that they currently perform oral cancer screening, but only 3.8% of the providers answered that they were performing comprehensive oral cancer screening every time. Forty-eight percent of the providers identified time as the biggest challenge. Over 35.3% of the providers answered that they perform screenings for patients with a history of tobacco (i.e., smoking) or alcohol use.

Conclusion: Around half of the participants identified lack of time as their primary challenge in performing OCS and lack of knowledge as their second main obstacle. Very few provided comprehensive OCS and visual examination of the oral cavity is the only step performed often.

Keywords: Oral cancer screening - Primary care providers - Oropharyngeal cancer-early detection of cancer-cancer screening-care providers-Health care professionals, health care providers
The Multifaceted Role of S6K1 in Cellular Regulation: Structural Insights, Isoform-Specific Functions, and Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Folajimi Oreoluwa Elizabeth , Babalola Benjamin Ayodipupo , Alabi Aduragbemi , Akintola Taiwo Funlola
Published: August 2024

S6K1 (ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1) is a critical serine/threonine kinase involved in the regulation of various cellular processes, including protein synthesis, gene expression, and metabolic homeostasis. The structural complexity of S6K1, with its multiple isoforms and unique kinase domain, allows for diverse functionality across different cellular contexts. In this review, we report the intricate structure of S6K1, highlighting the significance of its kinase domain. Additionally, we explored the tissue-specific expression and subcellular localization of S6K1 isoforms, emphasizing their distinct roles in cellular processes. The regulation of S6K1 extends beyond transcriptional control, with post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation and acetylation playing crucial roles in its activity and stability. The physiological implications of S6K1 are vast, influencing processes from cell growth and protein synthesis to immune responses and muscle hypertrophy. However, dysregulation of S6K1 is implicated in numerous pathological conditions, including cancer Studies reveal that altered S6K1 activity, particularly in its phosphorylation state, can lead to reduced neuronal viability, contributing to the progression of diseases such as Parkinson's. This manuscript synthesizes current knowledge on S6K1, offering insights into its multifaceted roles and highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target in various disease contexts.
Study on the Effectiveness of a Copper Electrostatic Filtration System "Aerok 1.0" for Air Disinfection
Authors: Albertini Roberto , Colucci Maria Eugenia , Viani Isabella , Capobianco Emanuela , Serpentino Michele , Coluccia Alessia , Mohieldin Mahgoub Ibrahim Mostafa , Zoni Roberta , Affanni Paola , Veronesi Licia , Pasquarella Cesira
Published: August 2024

Background: Bioaerosol can represent a danger to the health. During SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, portable devices were used in different environments and considered a valuable prevention tool. This study has evaluated the effectiveness of the air treatment device “AEROK 1.0” in reducing microbial, particulate and pollen airborne contamination indoors, during normal activity. Methods: In an administrative room, airborne microbial contamination was measured using active (DUOSAS 360 and MD8) and passive sampling; a particle counter was used to evaluate particle concentrations; a Hirst-type pollen trap was used to assess airborne pollen and Alternaria spores. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0; p values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The airborne bacterial contamination assessed by the two different samplers decreased by 55.54% and 69.13%, respectively. The airborne bacterial contamination assessed by passive sampling decreased by 44.16%. For fungi, the reduction was 38.7% by active sampling. Airborne particles (diameters ≥ 1.0, 2.0 μm) and the ratio of indoor/outdoor concentrations of total pollen and Alternaria spp spores significantly decreased. Conclusions: The results highlight the effectiveness of AEROK 1.0 in reducing airborne contamination. The approach carried out represents a contribution to the definition of a standardized model for evaluating the effectiveness of this type of devices.
Architectural Form and State of Conservation: A Case Study from Damage Maps Using Drone
Authors: Aciole Paulo Henrique de Sá , Kaminski Matheus Gregorio , Zanoni Vanda Alice Garcia
Published: August 2024

The Sustainable Development Center of the University of Brasilia is one of the modernist buildings that make up the Darcy Ribeiro campus. The architectural project contains several recommendations for the execution of the flat roof waterproofing system, as well as details for rainwater runoff and drainage, which reveals a certain concern with watertightness. The research seeks to identify the relationship between the pathological manifestations recognized on the roof and the semicircular shape of the building, assessing the state of conservation through the use of damage maps as an analysis tool. The article is based on a field survey using aerophotogrammetry with a drone, the application of vector drawing software for graphic representation and discussion of the possible causes, agents and mechanisms of degradation at work. The results show the importance of mechanical protection for the good performance of the waterproofing system, as well as the need for correct sizing of expansion joints in order to absorb and relieve the stresses caused by hygrothermal variations. The methodology incorporated proved to be effective and economical in diagnosing and monitoring pathological manifestations, making it possible to plan maintenance actions that extend the useful life and preserve the intrinsic characteristics of building systems.
Achieving Real-time Prediction of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation Onset by Convolutional Neural Network and Sliding Window on R-R Interval Sequences
Authors: Chen Wenjing , Zheng Peirong , Bu Yuxiang , Xu Yuanning , Lai Dakun
Published: August 2024

Early diagnosis of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) could suggest patients to receive timely interventions in clinical practice. Various PAF onset prediction algorithms might benefit from accurate heart rate variability (HRV) analysis and machine learning classification but to be challenged in real-time monitoring scenarios. The aim of this study is to present an end-to-end deep learning based PAFNet model that integrates a sliding window technique on raw R-R interval of electrocardiogram (ECG) segments to achieve a real-time prediction of PAF onsets. This integration enable the deep convolutional neural network (CNN) to be customized as a light-weight architecture that accommodates the size of sliding windows simply by altering the input layer, specifically its effectiveness in making a new prediction with each new heartbeat. Catering to potential influence of input sizes, three CNN models were trained using 50, 100, and 200 R-R intervals, respectively. For each model, the performance of automated algorithms was evaluated for PAF prediction using a ten-fold cross-validation. As a results, a total of 56,381 PAFN-type and 56,900 N-type R-R interval segments was collected from publicly accessible ECG databases, and a promising prediction performance of the automated algorithm with a 100 R-R intervals was achieved in terms of the sensitivity of 97.12%, the specificity of 97.77%, and the accuracy of 97.45%, respectively. Importantly, the automated algorithm with a sliding windows step of 1 could process one sample in only 23.1 milliseconds and identify the onset of PAF at least 45 minutes in advance. The present results suggest that the sliding window technique on raw R-R interval sequences along by deep learning based algorithms may offers the possibility of providing an accurate, real-time, and end-to-end clinical tool for mass monitoring of PAF.
Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Dalam Jaringan Mata Kuliah Menulis Bahasa Mandarin
Authors: Zelia Vanya , Wikarti Aprilia Ruby , Hasan  , Andaru Pramawati , Rahayu Karina , Nadia Sarah
Published: August 2024

Pandemi telah mengubah wajah pendidikan dunia dan model pembelajaran di seluruh dunia. Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Mandarin (PSPBM) Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni Universitas Negeri Jakarta (FBS UNJ) juga turut mengembangkan pembelajaran daring. Model pembelajaran yang dimaksud tentu saja harus mempertimbangkan karakteristik peserta didik, capaian pembelajaran serta situasi dan kondisi lainnya.Tulisan ini membahas mengenai evaluasi terhadap pelaksanaan PJJ daring mata kuliah keterampilan menulis di PSPBM UNJ, mencakupi media pembelajaran yang digunakan, kendala yang dihadapi serta bagaimana PJJ daring memengaruhi motivasi peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif melalui survey dan analisis kualitatif pada pembahasannya. Responden yaitu mahasiswa dan dosen PSPBM. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan bagi para pemangku kebijakan dalam menentukan kebijakan yang diperlukan bagi peningkatan mutu pembelajaran; juga dapat menjadi masukan yang sangat penting bagi pengampu mata kuliah agar dapat berpikir lebih kreatif dan solutif dalam mewujudkan kegiatan perkuliahan yang menarik, efisien, dan bermanfaat bagi mahasiswa peserta didik; serta menjadi masukan dan bahan pertimbangan bagi masyarakat umum yang memiliki keterkaitan dengan PJJ daring dalam menentukan berbagai sikap yang diperlukan bagi peningkatan mutu PJJ daring.
Microcontroller-Based Teaching Tool Training to Support Global Warming Physics Learning on MAN 2 Ciracas East Jakarta
Authors: Mangasi Alion Marpaung  , Suhendar Haris
Published: August 2024

Dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini akan dilakukan pengembangan alat peraga pembelajaran yang membantu para siswa di MAN 2 Ciracas dalam memperlajari materi yang berkaitan dengan efek rumah kaca.  Efek rumah kaca adalah proses meningkatnya suhu Bumi akibat dari meningkatnya konsentrasi gas karbon dioksida (CO2) di atmosfer sehingga sebagian panas akan di serap oleh gas CO2 sehingga membuat suhu menjadi lebih panas. Meningkatnya konsentrasi gas CO2 diudara disebabkan oleh aktivitas pembakaran energi fosil yang dilakukan manusia untuk memenuhi berbagai kebutuhan energi di Bumi. Oleh karena itu, pemahaman terkait konsep pemanasan global akibat dari fenomena efek rumah kaca harus dikenalkan sejak dini kepada siswa disekolah sehingga dapat meningkatkan kesadaran siswa untuk peduli kepada lingkungan dan mengetahui dampak negatif yang dapat ditimbulkan jika terjadi ketidak setimbangan di alam. Untuk dapat memberikan pemahaman yang baik kepada para siswa maka dibutuhkan bahan ajar yang menarik, dan alat peraga yang dapat menunjukkan bukti peristiwa yang terjadi dilingkungan secara langsung. Oleh karena itu, dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini akan dilakukan pengembangan alat peraga pembelajaran yang mengenalkan siswa kepada peristiwa efek rumah kaca. Adapun alat yang digunakan terhubung dengan sensor gas dan sensor suhu yang berfungsi melakukan monitoring kondisi atmosfer dalam wadah yang terkondisikan dengan gas CO2 dengan konsentrasi tertentu. Kemudian wadah eksperimen diberikan sinar dari lampu yang berfungsi seakan – akan sebagai simulasi sinar matahari. Dengan kondisi di sinari maka sebagian panas yang dipancarkan lampu akan diserap oleh gas CO2 diudara sehingga akan meningkatkan suhu udara yang terukur oleh sensor.
Gender Representation in The English Textbook Entitled “Stop Bullying Now” for SMA/ MA/ SMK/ MAK Grade XI
Authors: Zahra  , Permana Sudarya , Andayani Rika
Published: August 2024

Textbook have a significant role to build students' views andperceptions of gender. Gender representation in teachingmaterials can influence the way students understand the roles ofmale and female in society. This research aims to analyze genderrepresentation in textbook using a quantitative approach and thegender representation grid developed by Brugeilles and Cromer(2009). The findings reveal a significant dominance of malecharacters in the representation within the textbook. The numberof male characters presented is considerably higher than that offemale characters. Moreover, male characters tend to beassigned roles that align with gender stereotypes prevailing inpatriarchal societies. This indicates an imbalance in genderrepresentation within the textbook. These findings carrysignificant implications for creating inclusive and diverselearning materials to ensure they reflect gender equality anddiversity within society. By understanding and recognizing thisimbalance, it is hoped that content developers will be motivatedto produce more representative and gender-sensitive materials.