bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zeolite encapsulated Ni(ii) Schiff-base complexes: improved catalysis and site isolation
Authors: Kumari Susheela , Ray Saumi
Published: August 2020

Site isolation and distorted geometry of the zeolite encapsulated complex govern the improved catalysis for phenol hydroxylation reaction.
N-Doped carbon nanospheres with nanocavities to encapsulate manganese oxides as ORR electrocatalysts
Authors: Wang Minggui , Peng Fang , Wang Min , Han Jie
Published: August 2020

MnO2(Mn3O4or MnO) nanoparticles embedded in nanocavities of N-doped carbon nanospheres as ORR electrocatalysts have been reported.
Stability and decomposition of copper(i) boryl complexes: [(IDipp)Cu–Bneop], [(IDipp*)Cu–Bneop] and copper clusters
Authors: Drescher Wiebke , Borner Corinna , Kleeberg Christian
Published: August 2020

Synthesis and characterisation of NHC copper boryl complexes [(NHC)Cu–Bneop] and their decomposition to low-valent copper clusters.
Synthesis, photophysical and electrochemical properties of novel and highly fluorescent difluoroboron flavanone β-diketonate complexes
Authors: Paez Elida Betania Ariza , Curcio Sergio , Neme Natália P. , Matos Matheus J. S. , Correa Rodrigo S. , Pereira Fabio Junio , Hilário Flaviane Francisco , Cazati Thiago , Taylor Jason Guy
Published: August 2020

A convenient method for the synthesis of flavanone difluoroboron complexes with strong absorption and fluorescence properties is described.
Selective magnetometry of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in liquids
Authors: Kuciakowski Juliusz , Kmita Angelika , Lachowicz Dorota , Wytrwal-Sarna Magdalena , Pitala Krzysztof , Lafuerza Sara , Koziej Dorota , Juhin Amélie , Sikora Marcin
Published: August 2020

A new photon-in/photon-out magnetic probe empowers an in situ estimation of size distribution and atomic structure of iron oxide nanoparticles in suspension.
Palladium-catalyzed three-component carbonylative synthesis of 2-(trifluoromethyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-ones from trifluoroacetimidoyl chlorides and amines
Authors: Chen Zhengkai , Wang Le-Cheng , Zhang Jiajun , Wu Xiao-Feng
Published: August 2020

An efficient and practical approach for the synthesis of 2-(trifluoromethyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-ones through palladium-catalyzed three-component carbonylative reaction has been developed.
Efficiency and mechanisms of rhodamine B degradation in Fenton-like systems based on zero-valent iron
Authors: Liang Liping , Cheng Liubiao , Zhang Yuting , Wang Qian , Wu Qian , Xue Yuanyuan , Meng Xu
Published: August 2020

Based on the Fe0/H2O2 heterogeneous Fenton system, the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB, an organic dye pollutant) was researched in this paper.
Dye wastewater treatment enabled by piezo-enhanced photocatalysis of single-component ZnO nanoparticles
Authors: Chimupala Yothin , Phromma Chitsanupong , Yimklan Saranphong , Semakul Natthawat , Ruankham Pipat
Published: August 2020

Single-component ZnO nanoparticles, synthesized by a simple synthetic method, exhibit appreciable piezo-enhanced photocatalytic activities, representing an alternative to other complex systems.
Fabrication of reinforced and toughened PC/PMMA composites by tuning the migration and selective location of graphenes during melt blending
Authors: Peng Shigui , He Min , Yang Zhao , Zhang Kai , Xue Bin , Qin Shuhao , Yu Jie , Xu Guomin
Published: August 2020

By adjusting the dispersion and distribution of graphene nanosheets (GNs) filler in polycarbonate/polymethyl methacrylate (PC/PMMA) composites, only 0.05 wt% GNs filler can significantly improve the strength and toughness of the composites.
Synthesis and characterization of SPDSCD and its flame retardant application on epoxy resins
Authors: Zhang Yi , Yang Weiwei , Zhao Wei , Ruan Fang , Li Shulei , Liu Jiping
Published: August 2020

In this study, a flame retardant agent, 2,4,8,10-tetraoxo-3,9-diphosphospiro[5.5]undecane spirophosphate-4,4-diaminopair benzene disulfone-1,3,5-himetriazine (SPDSCD), is synthesized through a direct polycondensation reaction.
A guanosine-based 2-formylphenylborate ester hydrogel with high selectivity to K+ ions
Authors: Qiao Hongwei , Bai Jiakun , Zhang Sichun , Li Chao
Published: August 2020

A new self-assembling system prepared from guanosine and 2-formylbenzeneboronic acid showed a high selectivity to potassium ions and has a fluorescent enhancement effect on berberine, which can be used for serum potassium detection.
Continuous hydrothermal leaching of LiCoO2 cathode materials by using citric acid
Authors: Zheng Qingxin , Shibazaki Kensuke , Ogawa Tetsufumi , Kishita Atsushi , Hiraga Yuya , Nakayasu Yuta , Watanabe Masaru
Published: August 2020

Continuous hydrothermal leaching of LiCoO2 cathode materials with citric acid was firstly achieved using a customized flow system.
Grape juice: an effective liquid additive for significant enhancement of thermoelectric performance of Cu2Se
Authors: Nazrul Islam Sheik Md Kazi , Cortie Michael B. , Wang Xiaolin
Published: August 2020

Grape juice provides a fine-scale and well-mixed dispersion of elemental carbon in a Cu2Se matrix for ultra-high thermoelectric performance.
Pt decorated hierarchical Sb2WO6 microspheres as a surface functionalized photocatalyst for the visible-light-driven reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline
Authors: Shi Yingzhang , Wang Huan , Wang Zhiwen , Wu Taikang , Song Yujie , Guo Binbin , Wu Ling
Published: August 2020

Optimizing the structure of semiconductor materials and introducing functional metal clusters have emerged as an effective strategy to improve the photocatalytic performances of catalysts through the synergistic effect between metals and supports.
Robust three-dimensional carbon conductive network in a NaVPO4F cathode used for superior high-rate and ultralong-lifespan sodium-ion full batteries
Authors: Zhao Chen-De , Guo Jin-Zhi , Gu Zhen-Yi , Zhao Xin-Xin , Li Wen-Hao , Yang Xu , Liang Hao-Jie , Wu Xing-Long
Published: August 2020

The NaVPO4F cathode material coated with a robust 3D rGO carbon network exhibits an excellent electrochemical performance for sodium-ion batteries.
Oriented immobilization of enzyme–DNA conjugates on magnetic Janus particles for constructing a multicompartment multienzyme system with high activity and stability
Authors: Shen Hao , Zheng Xuelian , Zhou Zixin , He Wenting , Li Mengqi , Su Ping , Song Jiayi , Yang Yi
Published: August 2020

An exquisitely designed multicompartment multienzyme system has been constructed by encapsulating poly-tannic acid (pTA) on the surface of enzyme–DNA conjugates, which are anchored on magnetic Janus particles.
Evaluating platelet activation related to the degradation products of biomaterials using molecular markers
Authors: Ye Sheng , Ni Panxianzhi , Wang Hong , Yuan Tun , Liang Jie , Fan Yujiang , Zhang Xingdong
Published: August 2020

The spectra of platelet activation molecular markers were used to study the changes of platelet activation by degradation products.
Investigating the structure–function relationship in triple cation perovskite nanocrystals for light-emitting diode applications
Authors: Vashishtha Parth , Veldhuis Sjoerd A. , Dintakurti Sai S. H. , Kelly Nicole L. , Griffith Benjamin E. , Brown Alasdair A. M. , Ansari Mohammed S. , Bruno Annalisa , Mathews Nripan , Fang Yanan , White Tim , Mhaisalkar Subodh G. , Hanna John V.
Published: August 2020

Novel Cs-containing triple cation perovskite nanocrystals produce high-performance LEDs as a result of improved surface passivation and environmental stability.
Screen-printable and stretchable hard magnetic ink formulated from barium hexaferrite nanoparticles
Authors: Smith Connor S. , Sondhi Kartik , Mills Sara C. , Andrew Jennifer S. , Fan Z. Hugh , Nishida Toshikazu , Arnold David P.
Published: August 2020

Stretchable composite hard magnetic ink made from barium hexaferrite nanoparticles and epoxy is used to fabricate a magnetic strain sensor.
Making rainfed crops adapted to potential climate change impacts: Modeling sustainable options
Authors: Brouziyne Youssef , Chehbouni Abdelghani , Abouabdillah Aziz , Hallam Jamal , Moudden Fouad , El Bilali Ali , Benaabidate Lahcen
Published: August 2020

Rainfed agriculture is becoming increasingly vulnerable to climate change. This situation is expected to worsen under most future climate projections, which might increase the risks linked to food security and economies which depend on it. Providing insights about the potential responses of rainfed crops to climate change will helps on designing future adaptation strategies. In this study, large amount of data and the agro-hydrological model SWAT have been used to investigate future climate change impacts on rainfed wheat and sunflower crops in a semiarid watershed in Morocco (R’dom watershed). Downscaled CORDEX climate projections were used in generating future plants growth simulation for R’dom watershed in the 2031 to 2050 horizon under two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs): 4.5 and 8.5. The main results of climate change scenarios highlighted that R’dom watershed will undergo significant decrease in water resources availability with more impact under the scenario RCP 8.5. Water productivities of both studied crops could be lower by up to -21% in comparison with baseline situation. Different sustainable management strategies have been simulated using SWAT model under climate change context. The adopted approach succeeded in building up sustainable management strategies toward secured food security in the future.
Year and genotype effects on the fruit physico-chemical traits of sweet cherry cultivated under Southern Mediterranean climate in Morocco
Authors: El Baji Mina , Nohaissi Zineb , En-Nahli Said , Hanine Hafida , Kodad Ossama
Published: August 2020

The aim of the present work was the evaluation of genotype and year effects on some physico-chemical parameters of five sweet cherries grown in Middle Atlas of Morocco. The analysis of variance showed significant effects of the genotype, year and their interaction on all fruit physico-chemical traits focused. ‘Coeur de pigeon’ and ‘Burlat’ produced the heaviest fruit, whereas ‘Van’ and ‘Coeur de pigeon’ fruits were sweeter than others varieties Differences among the three years were highly significant (at p<0.001) for all parameters highlighting the annual influence on the fruit quality parameters. Year effect was significant on the physicochemical fruit traits confirming the climatic conditions effect on fruit quality. Fruits harvested in 2016 and 2017 showed the highest values in terms of physico-chemical traits studied.
Competitive dominance of Microcystis aeruginosa against Raphidiopsis raciborskii is strain- and temperature-dependent
Authors: Lei Lamei , Dai Jingjun , Lin Qiuqi , Peng Liang
Published: August 2020

Microcystis aeruginosa and Raphidiopsis raciborskii (previously Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii) are both common bloom-forming cyanobacteria which can coexist but alternatively dominate in freshwater ecosystems. To predict their blooming dynamics, we need to understand the potential environmental factors determining their succession. In the present study, we examined the pairwise competition of the three M. aeruginosa strains (FACHB905, 469 and 915) with one R. raciborskii strain (N8) at three temperature levels (16 °C, 24 °C, and 32 °C). We found that the competitive ability of three Microcystis strains were highly variable. M. aeruginosa FACHB905 was the strongest competitor among them which can finally exclude R. raciborskii N8 regardless of initial biovolume ratios and temperature levels. The competitive exclusion of N8 by 915 also was observed at 24 °C, but they coexisted at 16 °C and 32 °C. We observed that M. aeruginosa FACHB469 and R. raciborskii N8 were able to coexist under all the temperature levels, and M. aeruginosa FACHB469 was the weakest competitor among the three M. aeruginosa strains. Rates of competitive exclusion (RCE) showed that temperature affects the competition between three M. aeruginosa strains and R. raciborskii N8. M. aeruginosa strains always grew quickly at 24 °C and significantly enlarged its dominance in the co-culture system, while R. raciborskii N8 was able to maintain its initial advantages at both 16 and 32 °C. The competitive advantage of M. aeruginosa FACHB905 may be explained by allelopathic interactions through its allelochemicals and other secondary metabolites other than microcystin. We concluded that both strain difference and temperature can affect the competition between M. aeruginosa and R. raciborskii. Our results highlighted the complexity of cyanobacterial dynamics in waterbodies where there exist multiple strains.
On the evaluation of the meshing stiffness of external spur gears
Authors: Pleguezuelos Miguel , Sánchez Miryam B. , Pedrero José I.
Published: August 2020

A comparison among different approaches of the meshing stiffness of spur gears has been carried out. The influence of each one on the load sharing, and subsequently on the determinant tooth-root and contact stresses, has also been studied. Equations for the evolution of the meshing stiffness along the path of contact according to all these formulations are also provided.
Dynamic modelling and torque ripple minimization of a lightweight ultra-high transmission ratio harmonic drive
Authors: Tsolakis Efstratios , Vasileiou Georgios , Rogkas Nikolaos , Kalligeros Christos , Zalimidis Pavlos , Spitas Vasilios
Published: August 2020

Harmonic drives have been of significant importance in many industrial and high-end applications including robotics, aerospace and manufacturing. Their unique characteristics combine high torque capabilities, high to ultra-high transmission per stage and low backlash performance in compact designs, suited for limited space applications. However, apart from the eminent merits of the technology, this type of gearboxes is associated with complex dynamic performance. Since their operations is associated with high compliance and friction a non – linear behavior is imposed to the system. This is also intensified due to torque ripples which in many cases apart from adding up to the overall complexity of the system, can also interfere with components of similar resonance frequency. In the frame of this paper a novel concept for a low-cost lightweight plastic harmonic drive used in positioning of telecommunication antennas is presented. Due to the tight dynamic specifications of the application (settling time, positioning error etc.) the torque ripple of the transmission was modelled and minimized. Design changes were also incorporated in various features in order to improve the overall dynamic performance.
Ballistic resistance of bulletproof vests level IIIA. Development of testing methodology
Authors: Yaneva Svetlana
Published: August 2020

This study presents the process of development of a methodology for testing the ballistic resistance of bulletproof vests. The methodology is especially intended for testing bulletproof vests with protection level IIIA, according to NIJ 0101.04. This level provides an adequate protection of the life and health of anti-terrorists, police and security officers at duty considering the most common potential threats. The methodology is based on the requirements and norms for the given level of protection laid down in the standardization documents in this field, namely NIJ Standard–0101.04 - Ballistic Resistance of Personal Body Armor, NIJ Standard–0101.06 - Ballistic Resistance of Body Armor, STANAG 2920 - Ballistic test methodology for personal armour materials and combat clothing, GOST R 50744-95 - Armored clothing, as well as these of Ministry of Defence and Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Bulgaria. In the process of its development, the principles of comparison, compliance and analysis have been used, taking into account the typical specifics and specification of the weapons and their ammunition used in the Balkan region. Testing methods include the most common ammunition in the Balkans. In this way, the bulletproof vests tested on it would provide a more adequate level of protection, thus reducing the possibility of injuries of the officers in the course of their assigned tasks. Used to evaluate the ballistic resistance of bulletproof vests with a level of protection IIIA, the proposed methodology is quick and adequate, in line with identified potential threats by certain weapons used in the Balkans.
Homöopathische Betrachtung der Kraniomandibulären Dysfunktion
Authors: Elies Michael K.H.
Published: August 2020

Bei der Kraniomandibulären Dysfunktion (CMD) handelt es sich um ein syndromales Geschehen. Für die Arzneimitteldiagnose spielt die Antwort auf die Frage, ob die CMD Ursache oder Folge einer Störung der Lebenskraft (Krankheit) ist, die maßgebliche Rolle. Praktisch bewährte Arzneimittel für beide therapeutische Situationen werden dargestellt. Bemerkenswert ist, dass die homöopathischen Arzneimittelbilder in ihren Symptomen mit den Erfahrungen anderer nichtmedikamentöser Heilsysteme – wie Akupunktur und Osteopathie – korrespondieren. In der schmerztherapeutischen Praxis eignet sich die Homöopathie damit sehr gut zur Therapiekoordination.
“Quod licet Chefarzt …”: The Impact of Perceived Hierarchy on Working Atmosphere and Quality of Work in Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery. Results of a Survey Among 799 Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgeons in Germany
Authors: Seemann Ricarda Johanna , Münzberg Matthias , Mutschler Manuel , Sterz Jasmina , Hoffmann Reinhard , Ruesseler Miriam
Published: August 2020

Introduction Surgical departments are discredited as guardians of traditional structures of hierarchy. Hierarchy and working climate have a large share in human factor, being made responsible for 70% of avoidable errors in medicine. Aim of this study was the assessment of these topics amongst physicians in the field of orthopedics and traumatology.

Material and Methods A questionnaire of 10 questions was digitally handed to DGOU members. 799 questionnaires were answered.

Results We found significant differences in the assessment of hierarchy and working atmosphere amongst the physician groups. Working atmosphere was perceived as not appreciative by registrars only. All groups were in favor of a hierarchy rather close to, but nut absolutely on equal terms. All groups attach high influence of working atmosphere on quality of daily work.

Discussion Literature shows that hierarchic differentiation can increase performance of a team, while rigid hierarchy structures can lead to mistakes. Although hierarchy in orthopedics and traumatology seems to be less pronounced than assumed, hierarchy has great influence on daily work.

Conclusion In order to achieve a safety oriented medical environment, it will be of great importance to define hierarchy structures in clinics and to utilize them efficiently as a part of safety culture.
Peri- und postoperatives Ergebnis nach Nierentumorchirurgie bei pT1/pT2-Nierenzellkarzinom – eine retrospektive Zentrumsanalyse der funktionellen und onkologischen Ergebnisse
Authors: Ralla Bernhard , Buhl Stephanie , Goranova Irena , Maxeiner Andreas , Friedersdorff Frank , Magheli Ahmed , Hinz Stefan , Fuller Florian T. , Miller Kurt , Busch Jonas
Published: August 2020

Einleitung Für lokalisierte Nierenzellkarzinome (NZK) stellt die chirurgische Entfernung den einzigen kurativen Therapieansatz dar. Ziele der vorliegenden Arbeit waren die retrospektive Untersuchung peri- und postoperativer Verläufe sowie die Erhebung des onkologischen und funktionellen Langzeitverlaufs in Abhängigkeit vom angewandten operativen Verfahren bei Patienten mit NZK im Stadium pT1/pT2.

Patienten und Methoden Insgesamt wurden 758 Patienten mit NZK im Stadium pT1/pT2 eingeschlossen, die zwischen 01/2008 und 10/2014 eine radikale (RN) bzw. partielle Nephrektomie (PN) an der Klinik für Urologie der Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin erhielten. Prä-, peri- und postoperative Parameter wurden retrospektiv aus elektronisch gespeicherten Dokumenten des Klinikinformationssystems erhoben. Die Erhebung der onkologischen (Frage nach Rezidiv, Metastasierung bzw. Gesamtüberleben) und funktionellen (Nierenfunktion im Langzeitverlauf, Evaluation der Lebensqualität mittels QLQ-C30-Fragebogen) Nachsorgedaten erfolgte mit postalisch zugesandten Patientenfragebögen, strukturierten Telefoninterviews und Abfragen der Sterberegister der Einwohnermeldeämter. Die statistische Auswertung erfolgte deskriptiv. Zur Berechnung des progressionsfreien, metastasenfreien und Gesamtüberlebens wurden Kaplan-Meier-Analysen angewandt.

Ergebnisse Die Ergebnisse der peri- und postoperativen RN/PN-Datenauswertung zeigten für laparoskopisch durchgeführte Verfahren gegenüber den offenen Verfahren einen geringeren Blutverlust sowie niedrigere peri- und postoperative Komplikationsraten. Die funktionellen Kurz- und Langzeitergebnisse der Nierenfunktion zeigten nach RN einen höheren Anstieg des Serumkreatinins und eine stärkere Abnahme der glomerulären Filtrationsrate (eGFR). Kein Unterschied zeigte sich im Gesundheitszustand bzw. in der Lebensqualität. Das mediane Follow-up betrug 36 Monate und konnte in 65,8 % der Fälle durchgeführt werden. Insgesamt verstarben 10,4 % der Patienten, 4,7 % der Patienten entwickelten ein Rezidiv, bei 8,4 % trat eine Metastasierung auf. Onkologische Langzeitergebnisse zeigten keinen Unterschied zwischen dem laparoskopischen und offenen Verfahren für jeweils RN/PN.

Diskussion Zusammenfassend stellten alle chirurgischen Verfahren, die in dieser Arbeit untersucht wurden, sichere Therapieverfahren mit guten onkologischen und funktionellen Kurz- und Langzeitergebnissen dar. Laparoskopische operative Verfahren zeigten niedrigere intra- und postoperative Komplikationsraten im Vergleich zu offenen Verfahren. Weiterhin konnte kein signifikanter Unterschied hinsichtlich des Gesamtüberlebens und der Lebensqualität im Follow-up zwischen ORN und LRN bzw. OPN und LPN nachgewiesen werden.
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) für die Behandlung von Knochenmetastasen beim oligometastasierten Prostatakarzinom
Authors: Sage Eva Katharina , Vogel Marco M. E. , Dewes Sabrina , Devecka Michal , Eiber Matthias , Gschwend Jürgen E. , Combs Stephanie E. , Schiller Kilian
Published: August 2020

Hintergrund Die lokale Strahlentherapie von Metastasen bei Prostatakarzinompatienten in der oligometastasierten Situation hat in den letzten Jahren an Bedeutung gewonnen. Um die Wirkung auf das Outcome weiter zu evaluieren, haben wir oligometastasierte Prostatakarzinompatienten, die eine stereotaktische Strahlentherapie (SBRT) von Knochenmetastasen erhielten, untersucht.

Patienten und Methodik Es wurden 24 Patienten mit insgesamt 30 Knochenmetastasen eingeschlossen und das Ansprechen auf die SBRT (biochemisch und bildgebend) sowie das progressionsfreie Überleben und das Zeitintervall bis zum Beginn einer antihormonellen Therapie (aHT) untersucht.

Ergebnisse Das mittlere Follow-up-Intervall nach Abschluss der SBRT lag bei 32,7 Monaten (1,4–84 Monate). Die SBRT wurde ohne das Auftreten von Akut- oder Spät-Nebenwirkungen sehr gut vertragen. Bei 16 Patienten kam es zu einem Abfall des PSA-Wertes von im Mittel 4,58 ng/ml (0,05–50,25 ng/ml) vor der SBRT auf 1,19 ng/ml (0,01–8,85 ng/ml) nach Abschluss der SBRT. Das mittlere biochemische progressionsfreie Überleben dieser Patienten betrug 17,6 Monate (0,7–85,0 Monate). 6 Patienten erhielten bereits vor der SBRT oder parallel dazu eine aHT. Bei 10 Patienten wurde die aHT nach einem mittleren Intervall von 20,6 Monaten (1,8–85,0 Monate) nach Abschluss der SBRT initiiert, während weitere 6 Patienten keine aHT während des gesamten Beobachtungszeitraums erhielten. Bei 18 der 30 Metastasen konnte im Bereich der SBRT im PSMA-PET eine Abnahme der PSMA-Expression im Sinne eines partiellen funktionellen Ansprechens beobachtet werden, während bei 5 Patienten nach SBRT eine gleichbleibende PSMA-Überexpression bestand und bei 7 Patienten keine PSMA-Bildgebung vorlag. Bei 17 Patienten kam es im Mittel nach 16,2 Monaten (1,6–40,6 Monate) bildgebend zum Progress der Fernmetastasierung, während 3 Patienten ein Lokalrezidiv in der Prostataloge zeigten.

Zusammenfassung Die SBRT von Knochenmetastasen bei oligometastasierten Prostatakarzinompatienten stellt eine effektive und gut verträgliche Therapie dar, durch die eine hohe lokale Kontrolle im Bereich der Metastasen sowie eine Verzögerung des Beginns oder der Eskalation einer Systemtherapie erzielt werden kann. Jedoch zeigt die hohe Rate an Progression der Fernmetastasierung die Wichtigkeit der richtigen Patientenselektion auf und ggf. die Notwendigkeit der Kombination mit einer aHT.
COVID-19 Early Stage Disease Progression and Anticoagulants: Investigation Rationale, Challenges and Difficulties
Authors: Mendoza Erika
Published: August 2020

COVID-19 pandemic has changed the world and will keep us breathless for some time, still. Soon after the start of the disease in Wuhan and later in Italy and Spain, it became clear, that thromboses of arteries and veins played an important role in the severe cases.

The present article parts from the hypothesis, that patients suffering from COVID-19 could benefit from low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in prophylactic dose or aspirin, if applied in early stages of the disease. LMWH prevent venous and ASS arterial thromboses. Different study approaches are proposed in the article. The difficulties to run a study like this, applying anti aggregation or anticoagulation to patients in early stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection are discussed, especially considering, that the medicaments are cheap and no industry will have any interest in sponsoring.

Most of the studies in corona disease are run in hospitals, where everybody fights to save critically ill patients. Very little investigation was done until now in pre-clinic patients. Mostly, because in lot of countries the testing was performed when admitted to hospital. Perhaps – even without a study – the evidence of thrombosis in the disease progression should lead to a D-Dimer testing after infection. The German Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Research (GTH) has recommended to consider administering heparin generously in COVID-19 ambulatory patients already in April 2020. Thus, in patients with little symptoms it would be possible to start early with LMWH in prophylactic dose in case of increased D-Dimer.
Diterpenoids from Leaves of Cultivated Plectranthus ornatus
Authors: Mesquita Lidivânia Silva Freitas , Matos Taynara Simão , Ávila Fábio do Nascimento , Batista Alison da Silva , Moura Andréa Felinto , de Moraes Manoel Odorico , da Silva Matheus Carlos Matos , Ferreira Talles Luann Abrantes , Nascimento Nilberto Robson Falcão , Monteiro Norberto Kássio Vieira , Pessoa Otília Deusdênia Loiola
Published: August 2020

Two new diterpenoid derivatives 7α,12β,17-triacetoxy-6β,19-dihydroxy-13β,16-spirocicloabiet-8-ene-11,14-dione (1) and 6β-acetoxy-3β,7α,12α-trihydroxy-13β,16-spirocicloabiet-8-ene-11,14-dione (2) along with 11 (3–13) miscellaneous compounds were isolated from the leaves of Plectranthus ornatus Codd. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and gauge independent atomic orbitals 13C NMR calculations. The isolated compounds were screened for their effects on intestinal motility using guinea-pig ileum and duodenum and by their cytotoxicity against 4 human cancer cell lines (HCT-116, SF-295, PC-3, and HL-60). Compounds 6 and 9 were moderately cytotoxic against HL-60, whereas 6 and 13 were more active on SF-295 and HCT-116.
Recent Applications of Continuous Flow in Homogeneous Palladium Catalysis
Authors: Koóš Peter , Markovič Martin , Lopatka Pavol , Gracza Tibor
Published: August 2020

Considerable advances have been made using continuous flow chemistry as an enabling tool in organic synthesis. Consequently, the number of articles reporting continuous flow methods has increased significantly in recent years. This review covers the progress achieved in homogeneous palladium catalysis using continuous flow conditions over the last five years, including C–C/C–N cross-coupling reactions, carbonylations and reductive/oxidative transformations.

1 Introduction

2 C–C Cross-Coupling Reactions

3 C–N Coupling Reactions

4 Carbonylation Reactions

5 Miscellaneous Reactions

6 Key to Schematic Symbols

7 Conclusion
Tumoral Calcinosis: Case Report and Review
Authors: Vaghasiya Piyush , Shetty Lathika , Shetty Molahalli Shantharam , Kumar Muthur Ajith
Published: August 2020

Tumoral calcinosis (TC) is an uncommon disorder characterized by the deposition of calcium phosphate in periarticular tissues. TC has been a controversial clinico-pathological entity first described in 1943. The calcium deposits are usually present in the large joints such as the hips and shoulders. Patients often present with localized swelling and reduced mobility around the involved joints which interfere with activities of daily living. A 12-year-old boy presented at our clinic with a painful swelling around his left elbow joint with 6-month duration over which the swellings progressively increased. Radiological imaging identified a soft tissue calcified mass present around both elbow joints. Excision and biopsy of the left elbow demonstrated a tumor consisting of myxoid material with multiple areas of calcification with a well-defined capsule. Microscopy confirmed typical features of TC. We present our case report due to unusual clinical presentation noted in this case.
Szenarienrechner: Entscheidungshilfe zum Einsatz von Schutzmasken während der Pandemie
Authors: Moll Beate , Conrad Andreas , Wibbeling Sebastian
Published: August 2020

Das Fraunhofer-Institut für Materialfluss und Logistik IML hat zusammen mit dem Deutschen Beratungszentrum für Hygiene ein Kalkulationstool für den Schutzmaskenbedarf erarbeitet. Der Kalkulator kann als strategisches Instrument verstanden werden, um Krankenhäuser während der COVID-19-Pandemie bei der Fragestellung des Maskenbedarfs für die einzelnen Nutzergruppen zu unterstützen.
Digitale Transformation: Digitaler Postausgang im Krankenhaus
Authors: Schulte Ralf
Published: August 2020

Die Alb Fils Kliniken haben vor einem Jahr auf einen digitalen Postausgang umgestellt. Wie es dazu kam und welche Vorteile das Klinikum heute dadurch hat, verraten Steffen Szlamma, Leitung Logistik der Alb Fils Kliniken, und Jürgen Kneißl, Leiter Vertrieb/Marketing der Binect GmbH, im Interview.
Digitale Warenwirtschaft in der Speisenversorgung: Essen ist mehr als lebensnotwendige Nahrungsaufnahme
Authors: Greth Thorsten
Published: August 2020

Automatisierte Businessprozesse wie ein digitales Warenwirtschaftssystem bei der Speisenversorgung ermöglichen durch kontrollierte standardisierte und bewährte Abläufe maßgeschneiderte und effiziente Lösungen für Kliniken. Es wird zudem sichergestellt, dass Leistungen exakt gemäß Vereinbarung erbracht werden.
Lesermeinungen: Wie Sie smarten Nachwuchs im Klinikeinkauf gewinnen und halten
Authors: Bauer Tim , Krojer Stefan
Published: August 2020

Der Beitrag „Personalmangel im Klinikeinkauf: Unter Verschluss“ in der vorherigen Ausgabe von Klinik Einkauf hat eine rege Diskussion innerhalb der „Denkfabrik“ der „Zukunft Krankenhaus Einkauf“-Community ausgelöst. Das Unter-Verschluss-Halten von Klinikeinkäufern ist nach Meinung des „Think Tanks“ kein adäquater Lösungsansatz zur Motivation und Bindung von Potenzialträgern im Krankenhauseinkauf, weshalb auch die folgende Stellungnahme verfasst wurde und zum weiteren Diskurs einladen soll.
Externe Dienstleister in Sensiblen Bereichen: Schweigepflicht und Datenschutz bei der Beschaffung von Abrechnungsleistungen
Authors: Kühn Matthias
Published: August 2020

Eine hochqualitative Abrechnung privat- und wahlärztlicher Leistungen ist von großer wirtschaftlicher Bedeutung. Bei der Beauftragung geeigneter Dienstleister stehen Kliniken vor der Herausforderung, die Abrechnungsdaten im Einklang mit den strafrechtlichen und den datenschutzrechtlichen Vorgaben weiterzugeben.
A practical guideline how to tackle interdisciplinarity—A synthesis from a post-graduate group project
Authors: Kluger Max Oke , Bartzke Gerhard
Published: August 2020

The comprehensive understanding of increasingly complex global challenges, such as climate change induced sea level rise demands for interdisciplinary research groups. As a result, there is an increasing interest of funding bodies to support interdisciplinary research initiatives. Attempts for interdisciplinary research in such programs often end in research between closely linked disciplines. This is often due to a lack of understanding about how to work interdisciplinarily as a group. Useful practical guidelines have been provided to overcome existing barriers during interdisciplinary integration. Working as an interdisciplinary research group becomes particularly challenging at the doctoral student level. This study reports findings of an interdisciplinary group project in which a group of doctoral students and postdoctoral researchers from various disciplines faced the challenges of reconciling natural, social, and legal aspects of a fictional coastal environmental problem. The research group went through three phases of interdisciplinary integration: (1) comparing disciplines, (2) understanding disciplines, and (3) thinking between disciplines. These phases finally resulted in the development of a practical guideline, including five concepts of interactive integration. A reflective analysis with observations made in existing literature about interdisciplinary integration further supported the feasibility of the practical guideline. It is intended that this practical guideline may help others to leave out pitfalls and to gain a more successful application of interdisciplinarity in their training.
Predictive control of the plasma processes in the OLED display mass production referring to the discontinuity qualifying PI-VM
Authors: Park Seolhye , Jang Yongsuk , Cha Taewon , Noh Yeongil , Choi Younghoon , Lee Juyoung , Seong Jaegu , Kim Byungsoo , Cho Taeyoung , Park Yoona , Seo Rabul , Yang Jae-Ho , Kim Gon-Ho
Published: August 2020

Metal target dry etching process applied for the organic light emitting diode display manufacturing is hard to control without the generation of the defect particles. A large amount of the metal-halide by-prodcucts with the non-volatile physical nature are produced in the large area plasma-assisted process chamber. To achieve high-density plasma-based throughput, the inductively coupled plasma type dry etchers were adopted for large-area display manufacturing processes. However, this type of plasma source causes the ion flux-driven damages on the chamber inner walls near the RF power supplied antenna. Sputtered Al atoms from the ceramic parts or etching targets were redeposited onto the chamber inner walls after they form the metal-halide compounds. Redeposited by-prodcucts have very high binding energies to decompose. Undecomposed layers were stuck on the chamber inner wall and flaked off later to form the defect particles. To control this undesired phenomenon, decomposition reaction activated—and plasma locality controlled—two types of ISDs (In Situ Dry cleanings) were designed. A more appropriate type of ISD had selected referring to the developed PI-VM (Plasma Information based Virtual Metrology) model, which qualifies the start of mass production after the discontinuities of the process. The big data set of equipment engineering system and optical emission spectroscopy, accumulated during the mass production, were parameterized to the PI parameters and were applied to the PI-VM modeling. Management of the mass production with the designed ISD and PI-VM model could reduce the 25% of defect particle driven yield loss.
A THz transparent 3D printed microfluidic cell for small angle x-ray scattering
Authors: Schewa S. , Schroer M. A. , Zickmantel T. , Song Y.-H. , Blanchet C. E. , Gruzinov A. Yu. , Katona G. , Svergun D. I. , Roessle M.
Published: August 2020

Excitation frequencies in the terahertz (THz) range are expected to lead to functionally relevant domain movements within the biological macromolecules such as proteins. The possibility of examining such movements in an aqueous environment is particularly valuable since here proteins are not deprived of any motional degrees of freedom. Small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) is a powerful method to study the structure and domain movements of proteins in solution. Here, we present a microfluidic cell for SAXS experiments, which is also transparent for THz radiation. Specifically, cell dimensions and material were optimized for both radiation sources. In addition, the polystyrene cell can be 3D printed and easily assembled. We demonstrate the practicality of our design for SAXS measurements on several proteins in solution.
Wurtzite quantum well structures under high pressure
Authors: Kaminska Agata , Koronski Kamil , Strak Pawel , Sobczak Kamil , Monroy Eva , Krukowski Stanislaw
Published: August 2020

Quantum well systems based on semiconductors with the wurtzite crystalline structure have found widespread applications in photonics and optoelectronic devices, such as light-emitting diodes, laser diodes, or single-photon emitters. In these structures, the radiative recombination processes can be affected by (i) the presence of strain and polarization-induced electric fields, (ii) quantum well thickness fluctuations and blurring of a well–barrier interface, and (iii) the presence of dislocations and native point defects (intentional and unintentional impurities). A separate investigation of these phenomena is not straightforward since they give rise to similar effects, such as a decrease of luminescence efficiency and decay rate, enhancement of the Stokes shift, and strong blueshift of the emission with increasing pump intensity. In this Perspective article, we review the usefulness of measurements of the quantum well luminescence as a function of the hydrostatic pressure for both scientific research and the development of light-emitting technologies. The results presented here show that high-pressure investigations combined with ab initio calculations can identify the nature of optical transitions and the main physical factors affecting the radiative efficiency in quantum well systems. Finally, we will discuss an outlook to the further possibilities to gain new knowledge about the nature of recombination processes in quantum wells using high-pressure spectroscopy.
Reduction of surface spin-induced electron spin relaxations in nanodiamonds
Authors: Peng Zaili , Dallas Jax , Takahashi Susumu
Published: August 2020

Nanodiamonds (NDs) hosting nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers are promising for applications of quantum sensing. Long spin relaxation times (T1 and T2) are critical for high sensitivity in quantum applications. It has been shown that fluctuations of magnetic fields due to surface spins strongly influence T1 and T2 in NDs. However, their relaxation mechanisms have yet to be fully understood. In this paper, we investigate the relation between surface spins and T1 and T2 of single-substitutional nitrogen impurity (P1) centers in NDs. The P1 centers located typically in the vicinity of NV centers are a great model system to study the spin relaxation processes of the NV centers. By employing high-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, we verify that air annealing removes surface spins efficiently and significantly reduces their contribution to T1.
The variation characteristics of lightning plasma conductivity along the discharge channel
Authors: Zhang Xiaopeng , Yuan Ping , An Tingting , Wan Ruibin
Published: August 2020

Conductivity is a key parameter that reflects the current-carrying capability of a discharge channel. The electrical conductivity of cloud-to-ground lightning discharge plasma has been calculated based on the spectra captured by a slit-less high-speed spectrograph, and its variation along the discharge channel has been investigated. Those results indicated that the electrical conductivity of the lightning return stroke discharge plasma was on the order of 104 S/m and it slightly decreased with the increase in the discharge channel height. From the comparative analysis on the variation of conductivity along the discharge channel and ionic line strength in the spectrum, it is concluded that the discharge current intensity is affected by both the conductivity and the radius of the current-carrying channel. The research provides reference data for further investigating the transmission mechanism of the lightning discharging current.
Rigid platform for applying large tunable strains to mechanically delicate samples
Authors: Park Joonbum , Bartlett Jack M. , Noad Hilary M. L. , Stern Alexander L. , Barber Mark E. , König Markus , Hosoi Suguru , Shibauchi Takasada , Mackenzie Andrew P. , Steppke Alexander , Hicks Clifford W.
Published: August 2020

Response to uniaxial stress has become a major probe of electronic materials. Tunable uniaxial stress may be applied using piezoelectric actuators, and so far two methods have been developed to couple samples to actuators. In one, actuators apply force along the length of a free, beam-like sample, allowing very large strains to be achieved. In the other, samples are affixed directly to piezoelectric actuators, allowing the study of mechanically delicate materials. Here, we describe an approach that merges the two: thin samples are affixed to a substrate, which is then pressurized uniaxially using piezoelectric actuators. Using this approach, we demonstrate the application of large elastic strains to mechanically delicate samples: the van der Waals-bonded material FeSe and a sample of CeAuSb2 that was shaped with a focused ion beam.
Investigation on Temperature Dependent Inductance (TDI) of a planar Multi-Layer Inductor (MLI) down to 4.2 K
Authors: Sagar Pankaj , Hassan Harris K. , Lakshmi E. D. A. , Akber Kashif , Girish P. S. , Gour Abhay Singh , Karunanithi R.
Published: August 2020

This paper presents an investigation of the temperature dependence characteristics specific to cryogenic planar Multi-Layer Inductors (MLIs). This paper establishes that the inductance of a planar MLI at a specific frequency varies with temperature when the sensor is cooled down to 4.2 K while providing a detailed analysis of various possible factors that might contribute to the variation in the sensor performance, such as the thermal deformation and the variation in the properties of sensor materials, using a combination of experiments and simulations. By calculating the interlayer capacitance, we have attempted to adopt a novel approach in the investigation of the effects of thermal deformation on the sensor. In order to arrive at that, the relative permittivity of the base material (G10CR-FR4) at cryogenic temperatures was obtained through experiments. The ANSYS static structural package was used for modeling thermally induced deformations, after which the deformed capacitance and inductance were obtained using Ansoft MAXWELL. From the analysis, we have concluded that the variation in the inductance of the sensor has a direct correlation with the electrical resistivity (hence the residual resistivity ratio) of the coil material. The number of inductor layers and the area of the component layer will also determine the temperature dependence phenomenon. These conclusions are not obvious from the established inductance models.
Effectiveness of AlGaAs barrier layers as a redistribution channel of photoexcited carriers on anomalous temperature dependence of photoluminescence properties of GaAs quantum dots
Authors: Miyauchi Yudai , Ikari Tetsuo , Mano Takaaki , Noda Takeshi , Fukuyama Atsuhiko
Published: August 2020

Photoluminescence (PL) measurements at a wide temperature range, up to room temperature, for high-quality and high-density GaAs/AlGaAs quantum dots (QDs) fabricated by droplet epitaxy were carried out to investigate the anomalous temperature dependence of the PL peak energy from the QD ensemble. In addition to a reported redshift that deviated from the so-called Varshni's curve of the PL peak energy in the low temperature region, a new blueshift was observed above 200 K. We analyzed the experimental results using a steady-state rate equation model and observed a good agreement. The distribution of the QD sizes and the presence of the AlGaAs barrier layer as a carrier coupling channel were considered in this model. This means that the wetting layer proposed thus far is not a necessary condition for explaining the anomalous temperature behavior of the PL properties. In addition, it was found that the anomalous temperature behavior was smeared out by the insertion of a GaAs height adjustment layer in order to homogenize the apparent QD size. We found that sufficient control of the QD size is a necessary factor for high temperature stability of QD devices.
Simultaneous generation of several waves in a rare gas low-voltage beam discharge
Authors: Sukhomlinov Vladimir S. , Matveev Rustem J. , Mustafaev Alexander S. , Timofeev Nikolay A. , Solihov Davlat Q.
Published: August 2020

The instability of a low-voltage beam discharge in rare gases is studied using He as an example. Attenuation of an electron beam due to collisions of electrons with atoms is taken into account when the electron mean free path is of the order of the inter-electrode distance. It was found that amplification of several waves with different increments and different speeds is possible with the loss of stability. In the case of a linear decrease in the beam intensity, two waves are generated. The wave having a smaller gain increment propagates at a higher speed. The indicated phenomenon is characteristic not only for a low-voltage beam discharge in rare gases, but also for any “cold high-energy electron beam—plasma” system when collisions of beam electrons with atoms should be taken into account.
New application of hyperspectral imaging to steady-state plasma observations
Authors: Nishijima D. , Patino M. I. , Doerner R. P.
Published: August 2020

A new application of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) to steady-state plasma emission observations is proposed because of its prominent feature: an HSI camera records a two-dimensional image, and each spatial pixel contains spectral data typically with more than a hundred bands, while conventional digital cameras have only three bands. The characterization of an HSI camera (Specim IQ) has been performed during steady-state plasma–material interaction experiments using the linear plasma device PISCES-A. By easily subtracting the background/continuum emission in contrast to conventional filter cameras, two-dimensional images of multiple emission lines at different wavelengths are simultaneously obtained during a single measurement, demonstrating the advantage in plasma emission observations.
Mechanical stability and origin of half-metallicity of new M2NiZ (M = Sc, Ti, and V; Z = Tl and Pb) Heusler alloys
Authors: Ram M. , Saxena A. , Limbu N. , Joshi H. , Shankar A.
Published: August 2020

A theoretical investigation of electronic and magnetic properties has been performed on the new members of Heusler alloys M2NiZ (M = Sc, Ti, and V; Z = Tl and Pb) that crystallize in an inverse Heusler XA structure. The overall electronic properties and magnetic moments are predominated by M atoms, where the total magnetic moment varies linearly with the number of valence electrons, following the Slater–Pauling rule with ferro- or ferri-magnetic ground states. Their Curie temperatures are well above the room temperature and are comparable to analogous compounds. Among the sample alloys, Sc2NiTl, Ti2NiTl, and Ti2NiPb are half-metals, whereas V2NiTl has a nearly half-metallic profile that can be tuned into novel half-metal under uniform strain. Their thermodynamic, mechanical, and dynamical stabilities are also verified from their formation energy, elastic constants, and phonon spectra, respectively. A strong correlation between the directional elastic sound velocities and spatial dependence of elastic moduli is also observed. The evaluated Poisson's ratio from elastic constants and charge density plots predicts the partial ionic nature of Ti2NiTl and Ti2NiPb and the covalent nature of Sc2NiTl and V2NiTl. The optical phonon modes are found to be both Raman and infrared active, whereas the reststrahlen band is observed in the far-infrared region.