bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The novel GOME-type Ozone Profile Essential Climate Variable (GOP-ECV) data record covering the past 26 years
Authors: Coldewey-Egbers Melanie , Loyola Diego G. , Latter Barry , Siddans Richard , Kerridge Brian , Hubert Daan , van Roozendael Michel , Eisinger Michael
Published: February 2025

Abstract. We present the GOME-type Ozone Profile Essential Climate Variable (GOP-ECV) data record covering the 26-year period from July 1995 until October 2021. It is derived from a series of five nadir-viewing ultraviolet-visible(-near-infrared) satellite instruments of the GOME-type, including GOME/ERS-2, SCIAMACHY/ENVISAT, OMI/Aura, GOME-2/MetOp-A, and GOME-2/MetOp-B, which are merged into a single coherent long-term time series. It provides monthly mean ozone profiles at a spatial resolution of 5° x 5° latitude by longitude. The profiles are given as partial columns for 19 atmospheric layers ranging from the surface up to 80 km. The underlying profile retrieval algorithm is the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory scheme, which has sensitivity to both tropospheric and stratospheric amounts of ozone. The merged profile record has been developed by the German Aerospace Center (DLR) in the framework of the European Space Agency's Climate Change Initiative+ (ESA-CCI+) ozone project (Ozone_CCI+). Profiles from the individual instruments are first harmonized through careful inspection and elimination of inter-sensor deviations and drifts and then merged into a combined record. In a further step, the merged time series is harmonized with the GOME-type Total Ozone Essential Climate Variable (GTO-ECV) data record, which is based on nearly the same satellite sensors. GTO-ECV possesses an excellent long-term stability and with the homogenization an improvement of the robustness and stability of the merged profiles can be achieved. For this purpose, an altitude-dependent scaling is applied that utilizes ozone profile Jacobians obtained from a Machine Learning approach. We found that climatological ozone distributions derived from the final GOP-ECV data record agree with spatial and temporal patterns obtained from other long-term data records.
Grazing mortality as a controlling factor in the uncultured non-cyanobacterial diazotroph (Gamma A) around the Kuroshio region
Authors: Sato Takuya , Yamaguchi Tamaha , Hidataka Kiyotaka , Sogawa Sayaka , Setou Takashi , Kodama Taketoshi , Shiozaki Takuhei , Takahashi Kazutaka
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Nitrogen-fixing microorganisms (diazotrophs) significantly influence marine productivity by reducing nitrogen gas into bioavailable nitrogen. Recently, non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs (NCDs) have been identified as important contributors to marine nitrogen fixation. Among them, Gamma A is one of the best-studied marine NCDs because of its ubiquitous occurrence; however, the factors controlling its distribution remain unknown. In particular, the importance of microzooplankton grazing as a top-down control has not yet been examined. In this study, we investigated the diazotroph community structure using nifH amplicon sequencing and quantified the growth and microzooplankton grazing mortality rate of Gamma A using a combination of dilution experiments and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in well-lit waters at the northern edge of the Kuroshio Current off the southern coast of Japan. In the study region, Gamma A was ubiquitous and dominant in the diazotroph communities, whereas cyanobacterial diazotrophs had lower relative abundances. The microzooplankton grazing rate of Gamma A was significantly higher than that of the whole phytoplankton community and was generally balanced with its growth rate, suggesting the efficient transfer of fixed nitrogen by Gamma A to higher trophic levels. Although the growth rates of Gamma A did not show clear responses to nutrient amendments, Gamma A abundance had a significant relationship with nutrient concentration and microzooplankton grazing mortality rate. This suggests that microzooplankton grazing, as well as nutrient concentration, plays a vital role in constraining the Gamma A distribution in the Kuroshio region. Our findings highlight the importance of the further in situ quantification of microzooplankton grazing rates to understand the distribution of diazotrophs and the associated nitrogen transfer into the food web.
Implementation of an intermediate complexity snow-physics scheme (ISBA-Explicit Snow) into a sea-ice model (SI3): 1D thermodynamic coupling and validation
Authors: Brivoal Théo , Guemas Virginie , Vancoppenolle Martin , Rousset Clément , Decharme Bertrand
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Snow plays a crucial role in the formation and sustainability of sea ice. Due to its thermal properties, snow acts as an insulating layer, shielding the ice from the air above. This insulation reduces the heat transfer between the sea-ice and the atmosphere. Due to its reflective properties, the snow cover also strongly contributes to albedo over ice-covered regions, which gives it a significant role in the earth's climate system. Current state-of-art climate models use over-simple representations of the snow cover overlaying the sea ice. The snow cover is often represented with a one-layer scheme, assuming a constant density, no wet or dry metamorphism or assuming that no liquid water is stored in the snow. Here we implemented an intermediate complexity snow-physics scheme (ISBA-Explicit Snow) into a sea-ice model (SI3), which serves as the sea-ice component for upcoming versions of the CNRM-CM climate model. This is, to our knowledge, the first time that a snow model with such level of complexity is incorporated into a sea-ice model designed for global to regional applications. We validated our model comparing 1D simulations with data from the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean (SHEBA) but also simulations from another advanced snow-on-sea-ice model (SnowModel-LG), and simulations with the previous SI3 snow scheme. Our model simulates realistic snow thicknesses, densities, and temperatures, aligning well with SHEBA observations and SnowModel-LG outputs, while capturing their temporal variability. We show that the thickness, density, and conductivity of the snowpack are significantly affected by the choices made in parameterization for calculating snowfall density, wind-induced snow compaction, and by the choice of the atmospheric forcing. Unlike the previous SI3 snow scheme that assumed constant density and thermal conductivity, our model realistically simulates the evolution of these properties, resulting in more accurate temperatures at the snow-ice interface. Ultimately, our study shows that modelling the temporal changes in the density and thermal conductivity of the snow layers leads to a more accurate representation of heat transfer between the underlying sea ice and the atmosphere.
Impacts of aerosol-radiation and aerosol-cloud interactions on a short-term heavy rainfall event – A case study in the Guanzhong Basin, China
Authors: Bei Naifang , Xiao Bo , Wang Ruonan , Yang Yuning , Liu Lang , Han Yongming , Li Guohui
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Atmospheric aerosols influence clouds and precipitation by aerosol-radiation interactions (ARIs) and aerosol-cloud interactions (ACIs). In the study, the synergetic effect of ARIs and ACIs on development and precipitation for a mesoscale convective system (MCS) occurred in the Guanzhong Basin (GZB) of central China has been examined using a cloud-resolving fully-coupled Weather Research and Forecasting model with chemistry (WRF-Chem). The model reasonably reproduces the temporal variation and spatial distribution of air pollutants, the hourly rain rate and daily precipitation distribution against observations in the GZB. Sensitivity simulations are conducted under different aerosol scenarios by adjusting the anthropogenic emissions. When the ARI effect is not considered, the daily precipitation does not show an increasing trend with increasing aerosols in the GZB, which is mainly caused by competition among convective clouds to available water vapor in development of the MCS. ARIs exert two opposite effects on convection: stabilizing effect to suppress convection and lifting effect to foster convection, which counteract each other. When the lifting effect outweighs stabilizing effect, the updraft is enhanced, which increases precipitation in the GZB. However, the synergetic effect of ARIs and ACIs significantly suppress precipitation when the PM pollution is severe. It is worth noting that the synergetic effect consistently decreases the precipitation in the whole domain with increasing aerosols, but ARIs play a more important role in the decreasing trend of the precipitation with deterioration of PM pollution.
Treeline species Betula ermanii are more adaptable to alpine environments than non-treeline species Picea jezoensis: evidence from leaf functional traits
Authors: Dong Renkai , Li Na , Li Mai-He , Cong Yu , Du Haibo , He Hong S.
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Understanding functional trait differences between treeline and non-treeline species is key to exploring their adaptive strategies under environmental stress and predicting subalpine forest dynamics. On Changbai Mountain, Betula ermanii dominates over 90 % of the treeline zone, while Picea jezoensis accounts for over 70 % of the lower elevation zone. It remains unclear whether P. jezoensis, a treeline genus elsewhere, would eventually shift upward and replace B. ermanii. We thus investigated leaf functional traits, their intraspecific variation, and inter-trait relationships for both species along the elevational gradient. B. ermanii exhibited higher LDMC, N, P, and gs, but lower WUE and δ18O at higher elevations, with the greatest intraspecific variability in photosynthetic and hydraulic traits, and tighter linkages among traits. In contrast, P. jezoensis exhibited an increase in δ13C and a decrease in SLA with elevation, accompanied by the greatest intraspecific variability in photosynthetic traits and weaker correlations among traits. Overall, B. ermanii employs a resource-acquisition strategy enabling it to occupy resources and space, while P. jezoensis adopts a resource-conserving strategy by emphasizing shade and drought-tolerance, resource conservation, and long-term adaptation at lower elevation, limiting its ability of upward range expansion. These findings enhance our understanding of their adaptive strategies and responses to elevational change, informing predictions of subalpine forest dynamics.
ISMIP6-based Antarctic projections to 2100: simulations with the BISICLES ice sheet model
Authors: O'Neill James F. , Edwards Tamsin L. , Martin Daniel F. , Shafer Courtney , Cornford Stephen L. , Seroussi Hélène L. , Nowicki Sophie , Adhikari Mira , Gregoire Lauren J.
Published: February 2025

Abstract. The contribution of the Antarctic Ice Sheet is one of the most uncertain components of sea level rise to 2100. Ice sheet models are the primary tool for projecting future sea level contribution from continental ice sheets. The Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Phase 6 (ISMIP6) provided projections of the ice sheet contribution to sea level over the 21st century, quantifying uncertainty due to ice sheet model, climate model, emission scenario, and uncertain parameters. We present simulations following the ISMIP6 framework with the BISICLES ice sheet model and new experiments extending the ISMIP6 protocol to more comprehensively sample uncertainties in future climate, ice shelf sensitivity to ocean melting, and their interactions. These results contributed to the land ice projections of Edwards et al. (2021), which formed the basis of sea level projections for the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (AR6). Our experiments show the important interplay between surface mass balance processes and ocean-driven melt in determining Antarctic sea level contribution. Under higher-warming scenarios, high accumulation offsets more ocean-driven mass loss when sensitivity to ocean-driven melt is low. Conversely, we show that when sensitivity to ocean warming is high, ocean melting drives increased mass loss despite high accumulation. Overall, we simulate a sea level contribution range across our experiments from 2 to 178 mm. Finally, we show that collapse of ice shelves due to surface warming increases sea level contribution by 25 mm relative to the no-collapse experiments, for both moderate and high sensitivity of ice shelf melting to ocean forcing.
The Pivotal Role of Teachers in Fostering Morality: An Examination of the Challenges in the Revival of Islamic Moral Values
Authors: Niaz Syeda Fatima , Akram Muzamila
Published: February 2025

Re-focusing on moral growth is a vital requirement that cannot be neglected at a time when moral decadence has affected everyone, including children, adolescents, and adults. The present study aims to assess the role of teachers in fostering morality and their challenges in the revival of Islamic moral values. A qualitative approach with a phenomenological research design was adopted. The population of the study consisted of teacher trainers. Data was collected via semi-structured interviews to assess the role of teachers in imparting moral values and their problems in reviving Islamic moral values. 12 teachers’ trainers were approached via purposive sampling technique. After data collection data was analyzed by qualitative content analysis. The major findings of the study shed a welcoming light on the essential role of teachers in cultivating moral values in students. It also listed the major challenges that hinder the revivalism of moral values in education such as modernization, lack of professional training, less focus on the affective domain, lack of discipline, and excessive use of the internet.
Boosting Vocabulary Mastery with the Hello English App: A Game-Changing Solution for EFL Learners
Authors: Hanif Diandra , Nurchurifiani Eva , Wiratno Purna , Rohana  , Susanti Agus , Sukmawati Nur Najibah
Published: February 2025

The aim of this research was to improve students' vocabulary mastery through the use of the Hello English application for tenth-grade students at SMA Negeri 8 Bandar Lampung during the 2023/2024 academic year. This study employed the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method, which was conducted in two cycles. The subjects of this research were 35 students from class X.1. Both experimental and non-experimental data collection methods were utilized. Vocabulary tests (sections 1 and 2) were used for experimental data, while observation cards were employed for non-experimental data. Data analysis incorporated both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The results of the study indicated that the Hello English application significantly improved students' vocabulary mastery. The average test scores increased from Cycle 1 to Cycle 2. In the first cycle, 14 students (40%) met the Minimum Mastery Criterion (KKM) with an average score of 70.63 points. In the second cycle, 24 students (69%) achieved the KKM, with an average score of 73 points. Additionally, the overall class performance improved from an average score of 6.5 in the first cycle to 7.22 in the second cycle, reflecting a shift from weak to satisfactory performance. Based on these findings, it was concluded that the implementation of the Hello English application effectively enhanced vocabulary mastery among the tenth-grade students of SMA Negeri 8 Bandar Lampung. This research implies that incorporating digital learning tools such as Hello English can be an effective strategy to address language learning challenges and foster student engagement in vocabulary acquisition.
Development of Learning Media Using the Lectora Inspire Application for PAI Subjects in Class VIII at SMPN 2 Payakumbuh
Authors: Maulid Muhammad Iqbal , Ilmi Darul
Published: February 2025

The lack of adequate learning media for Class VIII PAI subjects at SMPN 2 Payakumbuh served as the impetus for this research, as it has adversely affected the overall learning process. To address this issue, the study focused on the development of PAI learning media tailored to Class VIII, ensuring it met validity standards. The objective was to design valid learning media using the Lectora Inspire application for use at SMPN 2 Payakumbuh. This study employed a developmental research approach based on the 4D model, which encompasses four main stages: Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. However, this research was confined to the Develop stage. The findings indicate that the learning media achieved validity criteria, as evidenced by its alignment with the CP, TP, and ATP standards, as well as the suitability of its graphics, layout, and typography. Expert validation, conducted by two PAI content specialists and one media expert, rated the quality of the interactive learning media produced using the Lectora Inspire application as "very valid," with an average validation score of 92.1%. The implications of this research suggest that the integration of interactive and validated learning media, such as the Lectora Inspire application, can enhance the teaching and learning process, providing educators and students with more effective tools to achieve learning objectives.
Cracking the Code: A Pronunciation Error Analysis of Tenth-Grade Students at SMK SMTI Bandar Lampung
Authors: Kholid Idham , Irawansyah  , Lestari Putri
Published: February 2025

This study analyzed pronunciation errors made by tenth-grade students at SMK SMTI Bandar Lampung during the first semester of the 2023/2024 academic year. The objectives of the research were to identify the pronunciation errors, particularly in monophthong sounds, and to determine the causes of these errors. The study employed a qualitative research methodology. The participants were tenth-grade students of SMK SMTI Bandar Lampung, with a sample of 30 students from the KI 2 class, selected using purposive sampling. Data collection involved students being given 36 words containing short and long monophthong vowel sounds (/ɑ:/, /ɪ:/, /u:/, /ɜ:/, /ɔ:/, /ɒ/, /ɪ/, /ʊ/, /e/, /æ/, /ʌ/, /ə/). The pronunciation errors were analyzed using the Linguistic Category Taxonomy, as proposed by Dulay. Additionally, observations were conducted to identify the causes of errors based on Brown’s theoretical framework. The findings revealed that students made a total of 923 pronunciation errors in monophthong sounds, comprising 473 errors in short vowels and 450 errors in long vowels. Common errors included replacing correct sounds with incorrect ones, adding unnecessary sounds, and omitting required sounds. Regarding the causes of errors, interlingual transfer was identified as the most frequent cause. Other contributing factors included intralingual transfer, the context of learning, and communication strategies
Zooming into Engagement: Exploring Cognitive, Behavioral, and Emotional Dynamics in EFL Writing Classes
Authors: Anggrainy Septy
Published: February 2025

The transition to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic brought significant challenges to maintaining student engagement, particularly in video conferencing-based EFL writing classes. While prior research has highlighted the potential of platforms like Zoom for synchronous learning, studies focusing on the dimensions of cognitive, behavioral, and emotional engagement in writing courses remain limited. This study aims to measure the levels of student engagement in video conferencing-based EFL writing classes and identify strategies to enhance engagement across these dimensions. Employing a mixed-method approach, the study involved 40 English Education undergraduate students at UIN Raden Intan Lampung, selected through purposive sampling. Quantitative data were collected using a questionnaire with 30 items measuring engagement dimensions, distributed via Google Forms. Qualitative data were obtained from semi-structured face-to-face interviews with 10 purposively selected participants. The questionnaire data were analyzed using SPSS for descriptive and inferential statistics, while thematic analysis was applied to the interview transcripts. The findings reveal high levels of cognitive engagement, with students actively participating in writing tasks facilitated by Zoom’s interactive features. However, behavioral engagement was moderate due to external challenges like connectivity issues and environmental distractions. Emotional engagement ranged from moderate to high, with students appreciating the platform's flexibility but occasionally experiencing feelings of isolation. The study highlights the need for integrating gamification, structured feedback, and hybrid learning models to address these challenges.
Mini Dental Implants Retaining Overdenture on Old Patients with Atrophic Ridges
Authors: Binhuraib Haitham Mohammed , Alhajrassi Sahar Khalil , Bediwi Manal , Basudan Osamah Abdullah , Alfarsi Ahmed , Ahmad Jawad
Published: February 2025

Mini dental implants (MDIs) utilized to conserve overdentures may provide adequate function and increase quality of life in elderly patients. They are particularly beneficial for patients with severe ridge atrophy or limited space for standard implants, offering a feasible treatment option and are associated with high success rates. This literature review discusses the success rate, survival rate, patient satisfaction, and the uses of MDIs when used for definitive prosthodontic treatment. An average success rate of 93% for MDIs and 96% for narrow-diameter implants. Both mini and narrow-diameter implants are viable options for retaining mandibular overdentures, demonstrating satisfactory clinical outcomes. Survival rates for MDIs ranged from 91.17% to 100%. Overdentures supported by locator attachments had higher survival rates compared to traditional implants. MDIs significantly enhance patient satisfaction, especially in treating mandibular overdentures. They provide stability, eliminate adhesive use, and reduce discomfort. MDIs are less invasive, reducing the need for additional surgeries and discomfort, making them an effective, economical, and patient-preferred solution for patients with mandibular edentulism.
Portfolio Management and Performance of Listed Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria
Authors: A. A. Isibor, , J. I. Okoh, , O. Ogunwale, , O. Odukoya, , O. Omojola, , A. M. Nwankwo,
Published: February 2025

This study was carried out to examine the effect of portfolio management on the performance of listed deposit money banks (DMBs) in Nigeria. The study anchored on the Modern Portfolio and Shiftability Theory adopted an ex-post facto approach. Hence, data were collected from the annual reports and accounts of banks with international authorization for the period 2016–2020. The study used the linear regression model in the data analysis. The empirical result of the research indicates a significant and positive relationship between credit risk management, liquidity risk management and performance (NAPS) of deposit money banks in Nigeria. Thus, the study concludes that portfolio management enhances and improves the financial performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. In lieu of this, the study recommended the need for deposit money banks to monitor and take a closer look at their liquidity and also maintain optimum liquidity, which will go a long way in improving their financial performance. Also, DMBs should determine the optimum level for their loan-deposit mix up to when marginal cost (MC) is equal to marginal revenue (MR). This would help to bring the non-performing loans to a minimal level.
Factors Predisposing to Teenage Pregnancy among Female Secondary School Students in Southwest, Nigeria
Authors: A. A. Osonuga, , A. Osonuga, , E. Oluwaferanmi, , O. A. Osonuga, , R. Akinloye,
Published: February 2025

Background: Adolescent females are amongst the most vulnerable age groups and are at risk of sexual, psychological, physical, mental and social problems. This coupled with increase in their sexual awareness, biological changes associated with puberty and tendency to explore and experiment their sexuality could result in high burden of reproductive health problems including teenage pregnancy. Adolescent pregnancies have a long-lasting impact on the physical and mental health, education, and livelihood of young women, men, and their families. Methodology: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study, carried out among 270 in-school female adolescents in selected secondary schools in Lagos, Nigeria. A self-administered questionnaire was used to elicit the variables of interest, supervised by trained research assistants. The data collected were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 26. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 15.80±1.12 years. 59.3% of the respondents had poor knowledge on teenage pregnancy which showed statistical significance (P<0.000) when correlated with sexual intercourse. 13.7% of the respondents had had coitus, with the average age of coitarche being 15 years. There was a high prevalence of multiple sexual partners and a high abortion rate in our study (40.5% and 80.4% respectively). Teenage pregnancy was related to lack of parenting, poverty, lack of sex education, lack of self-control and peer pressure especially from their partners. Conclusion: There is a need to increase knowledge on teenage pregnancy among female adolescents in senior secondary schools in southwest Nigeria.
Existence and uniqueness results of nonlinear hybrid Caputo-Fabrizio fractional differential equations with periodic boundary conditions
Authors: Monsif Lekbir , El Ghordaf Jalila , Oukessou Mohamed
Published: February 2025

In this manuscript , we establish the existence and uniqueness of solutions for nonlinear hybrid fractional differential equations involving Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivatives of order $\varrho\in(0,1)$. The proofs are based on Banach fixed point theorem and some basic concept of Caputo-Fabrizio fractional analysis. As an application, an nontrivial example is given in the last part of this paper to illustrate our theoretical results.
Translation surfaces generated by the spherical indicatrices of Frenet frame of regular curves of 3-dimensional Euclidean space
Authors: Khan Salma , Izid Malika , Ouarab Soukain , Chahdi Amina Ouazzani
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we are interested in translation surfaces generated by the principal normals of two regular curves provided with their alternative frames, and consequently, we generalize this study to confirm the results obtained. Moreover, we give the position vector with illustrations for these surfaces, in some special cases, where the two regular curves are respectively general helices, slant helices, and slant-slant helices.
Knowledge regarding Pubertal Changes among Adolescent Girls of Rural and Slum Areas in Meerut U.P. India: A Comparative Study
Authors: Kudi Surat Ram , Bose Balamani S , Singh Kunika , Jayant Jatin , Singh Vaishnavi , Gond Vishu Kumari , Lata Kusum
Published: February 2025

Background: India has highest number of adolescent populations 253 million, every fifth person in India is adolescent. During puberty adolescent experience physical, emotional and hormonal changes and response to those changes varies person to person. Lack of knowledge regarding pubertal changes gives a thought of changed body image among females and further leads to depression and causes low self-esteem. Aim: Aim of the study was to compare the knowledge regarding pubertal changes among adolescent girls in the selected rural and slum areas. Material and methods: A comparative study was done to conduct this study. Total 100 adolescent girls between 10-19 years 50 from rural area and 50 from slum area of Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India enrolled using convenient sampling technique. Self-developed knowledge questionnaire regarding pubertal changes among adolescent girls was used to assess the knowledge. Results: The mean age of the participants from rural area was 14.46±3.01 while slum area was 14.18±2.4. The mean knowledge score of adolescent girls from rural area was 15.80±1.90 while slum area girls was 11.64±2.8. Majority of participants from rural areas had adequate knowledge while among slum areas participants majority had moderately adequate knowledge level. A statistically significant difference was found between mean knowledge score of rural and slum areas (t=9.33, p<0.001). Conclusion: Awareness program should be organized in slum areas and emphasis should be done on improving knowledge level regarding pubertal changes, menstrual hygiene among female of all reproductive ages.
КУЛЬТУРНАЯ МИССИЯ ТВОРЧЕСКОЙ ИНТЕЛЛИГЕНЦИИ ХАКАСИИ В ГОДЫ ВЕЛИКОЙ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ ВОЙНЫ
Authors: Троякова Ю.К.
Published: February 2025

Статья посвящена истории культурной миссии творческой интеллигенции одного из национальных регионов Южной Сибири – Хакасии в годы Великой Отечественной войны. На основе архивных источников, газетных иллюстраций и научных публикаций раскрыта роль интеллигенции сибирской провинции в культурном преобразовании общества в самые сложные, переломные периоды истории.

The article is devoted to the history of the cultural mission of the creative clerisy in one of the national regions of South Siberia − Khakassia during the Great Patriotic War. Based on archival sources, newspaper illustrations and scientific publications, the role of the clerisy of the Siberian province in the cultural transformation of society in the most difficult, turning-point periods of history is revealed.
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ЭТНИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ У КУМАНДИНЦЕВ
Authors: Кривоногов В.П.
Published: February 2025

Исследование, проведенное в июле 2024 года в рамках этнографической экспедиции с участием автора, было направлено на изучение современных этнических процессов, протекающих на основной территории проживания кумандинцев, то есть в пределах Красногорского и Солтонского районов Алтайского края и Турочакского района Республики Алтай. В результате миграций и развернувшегося процесса урбанизации около ¾ кумандинцев оказались за пределами своей этнической территории. В местах основной концентрации мы начитали всего около 600 человек. В ходе исследования проведён массовый опрос 25% кумандинцев на основной этнической территории проживания по специальному опросному листу методом стандартизированного интервью. На взрослых опросный лист составлялся при непосредственной беседе, опросные листы на детей составлялись со слов родителей. Всего составлено 160 опросных листов. Выяснилось, что среди кумандинцев развернулись ассимиляционные процессы в языке, в разных областях материальной и духовной культуры. Кумандинцы быстро забывают свой язык, дети им почти не владеют. Наблюдается отход от традиционной культуры. Быстро растет число и доля национально-смешанных браков, чаще всего с русскими. Доля лиц смешанного происхождения среди кумандинцев достигла высокого уровня, а среди детей и молодёжи почти все метисы. В облике кумандинцев всё больше преобладают европеоидные черты. Между тем самосознание кумандинцев довольно устойчиво.

The study, conducted within the ethnographic expedition in July 2024 with participation of the author, was aimed at the modern ethnic processes taking place in the Kumandins’ main settlement area, i.e. within the limits of the Krasnogorsk and Solton regions of the Altai Region and the Turochak Region of the Altai Republic. As the result of migrations and the process of urbanization, about three-quarters of the Kumandins found themselves outside their ethnic territory. In the main concentration areas, we counted only about 600 people. During the study, a mass survey of 25% of Kumandins in the main ethnic territory was conducted using a special questionnaire by a standardized interview method. For adults, the questionnaire was compiled during a direct conversation; questionnaires for children were compiled from the accounts of their parents. A total of 160 questionnaires were compiled. We found out that assimilation processes in the language and in various areas of material and spiritual culture took place among the Kumandins. The Kumandins quickly forget their language; children hardly speak it. There is a shift away from the traditional culture. The number and proportion of nationally mixed marriages, most often with the Russians, are growing rapidly. The proportion of people of mixed origin among the Kumandins has reached a high level; and almost all children and youth are mestizos. The Kumandins’ appearance is increasingly dominated by Caucasian features. Meanwhile, the identity of the Kumandins is quite stable.
Validating the reproductive tract score (RTS) technique in pre-service buffalo heifers
Authors: Escalona-Ramírez Freddys , Mercado-Carrillo Jessenia , Jaimes-Vazques Balbino A. , Landaeta-Hernández Antonio
Published: February 2025

The fast growth of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) herds has placed this livestock species as a suitable alternative for animal protein production in the Venezuelan tropics. As with any domestic species with food production interest, the buffalo’s reproductive performance has a paramount relevance, which may be improved by applying the technique of reproductive tract scores (RTS). Using rectal palpation, the RTS (scale 1-5) assign the following scores: 1=flabby uterus and ovaries both <10 mm of diameter with no detectable follicles; 2=flabby uterus and ovaries both 10-15mm of diameter with <8 mm follicles; 3=soft tone uterus and ovaries both <15-20 mm of diameter with 8-10 mm follicles; 4=good tone uterus with 20-25 mm of diameter, ovaries >20mm with >10 mm follicles; 5= good tone uterus >25 mm of diameter, ovaries >20mm with evident luteal tissue. Therefore, the objective of this study was to validate the technique of RTS in pre-service buffalo heifers as a management strategy to improve the pregnancy rate. One-hundred and ten buffalo heifers with ages of 27 + 3 months and body weight of 354,32 + 24,14 kg were assessed for RTS before starting a breeding season of 120 days (Sep-Dec 2020) with four buffalo bulls in a proportion male to female 1:30. 67% of buffalo heifers were found with RTS among 3-5 (mature tract), while 33% were found with RTS among 1-2 (immature tract). Pregnancy was diagnosed 60 days after the end of the breeding season. Data was analyzed by Logistic Regression. A linear and positive increase association (p<0.02) was observed between RTS and pregnancy rate (RTS=5:85%, RTS=4:80%, RTS=3:74%, RTS=2:62%, and RTS=1:50%) indicating a beneficial effect of reproductive tract maturity on pregnancy rate. Likewise, body weight at service and pregnancy rate were also associated (p<0.0001). It was concluded that RTS is a good predictor of pregnancy rate in buffalo heifers. Thus, applying RTS at a field level should be a beneficial management tool.
Review of a Rare Precancerous Lesion – Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm of the Bile Duct (IPNB)
Authors:   Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Ghenea Cătălin Ştefan , Mihăilă Mariana ,   Center of Internal Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania, Negoiță Livia Marieta ,   Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: February 2025

Intraductal papillary neoplasms of the bile duct (IPNB) are rare precancerous lesions that may be related to the development of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). They were finally recognized as a separate entity in the World Health Organization’s 2019 classification of tumors of the digestive system. Based on the new histological and clinical criteria of 2019, it is divided into type 1 and type 2. Neoplasms of the biliary tract appears to develop through an evolutionary process that includes various stages, from the first lesion that can only be recognized microscopically (biliary intraepithelial neoplasia) through the various grades of IPNB to the final stage, of invasive cholangiocarcinoma. New investigations, mainly based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ERCP and cholangioscopy, are necessary to make the correct diagnosis and to correctly evaluate the biliary tract. Surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment, although endoscopic treatments are currently used in inoperable patients.
Evaluation of Workflow Pattern of The Radiation Therapy Department: a Case Study of a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital
Authors:   Department of Medical Radiography and Radiological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology,
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus (UNEC), Enugu, Nigeria, Ude Benjamin I. , Okpo Henry T. ,   Department of Medical Radiography and Radiological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology,
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus (UNEC), Enugu, Nigeria, Uto Stephen C ,   Department of Medical Radiography and Radiological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology,
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus (UNEC), Enugu, Nigeria
Published: February 2025

Background: An organizational workflow is a reproducible pattern of action taken daily to achieve a particular task. Consequent to the pivotal role of the radiation therapy (RT) department in oncology, its workflow has many steps and processes which on disruption result in a high patient waiting time. This study aimed to assess the opinion of the staff regarding the workflow pattern, try to identify potential barriers, and highlight areas that need to be addressed to reduce patient service delay and foster better patient care.
Material and Methods: A semi-structured questionnaire consisting of 20 questions grouped in four sections was given to the staff of the RT department of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. This cross-sectional survey was carried out from May to November 2021, and we analyzed the data using descriptive statistics.
Results: We received and analyzed 70 questionnaires (83.3% response rate). Most participants were males (n=43; 61.4%), aged between 21 and 30 (n =50; 71.4%). Bachelor of science degrees was the dominating educational qualification (n=55; 78.6%), and most participants were radiographers (n=41; 72.9%). Potential factors affecting the workflow pattern of the department may be shortage of staff (n=36; 58.1%), inadequate modern technologies (n=27; 38.6%), equipment breakdown (n=27; 38.6%), and inadequate power supply (n=23; 32.9%), according to respondents’ perception. The major areas needing improvement were reporting (n=22; 31.4%) and reception/registration area (n=20; 28.6%).
Conclusion: According to staff’s feedback, staff shortage, out-of-date technologies, equipment and electricity failures, and logistic challenges are the major causes of workflow disruption in the studied Nigerian RT department.
Tripping with the Spirits: Haitian Vodou in the Art of Paul Keene
Authors: Rey Terry
Published: February 2025

For a painter as talented and accomplished as he was, it is puzzling that Paul Keene (1920–2009) is not more widely known or highly celebrated, especially among aficionados of Haitian art. This is perhaps due to the fact that Keene was himself not Haitian, though he did live and paint in Haiti for over two years and worked with, befriended, and trained several renowned Haitian masters. The artist also once exhibited with Picasso and Léger in Paris, while in Haiti he collaborated closely with one of Léger’s former students, DeWitt Peters, and taught at the fabled Centre d’Art in Port-au-Prince. Nonetheless, Keene remains largely unrecognized in Haitian studies or Caribbean studies.1 This article explores and contextualizes Keene’s work, beginning with commentary on relevant spiritual contexts and the artist’s remarkable biography, and culminating with a focus on the lwa (Vodou spirits) and drummers in his large oil-on-wood panel triptych Haitian Voodoo Spirits, painted in Haiti in 1953, and their representative symbols (vèvè).
Edukasi Entrepreneurhip dalam Membangun Kemandirian Finansial Melalui Pelatihan Handy Craft pada Komunitas Anak Panti Asuhan
Authors: Mardhiyah Ainun , Siregar Onan Marakali
Published: February 2025

Entrepreneurship (kewirausahaan) adalah salah satu strategi digunakan pemerintah untuk mendongkrak perekonomian negara dan menciptakan lapangan kerja bagi para pengangguran yang telah lama mencari pekerjaan, hal ini masih tergolong sedikit. Padahal, kewirausahaan diharapkan mampu menyerap jumlah pengangguran yang terus bertambah setiap tahunnya. Permasahan mitra dari pengabdian ini yaitu keinginan komunitas anak panti asuhan agar mereka mampu mandiri secara finansial dan tidak sepenuhnya tergantung kepada orang lain. Dengan diberikannya sosialisasi pentingnya jiwa entrepreneurship ditanamkan sejak dini dan dilakukan pelatihan Handy Craft maka diharapkan komunitas anak panti asuhan mampu berwirausaha sehingga mereka bisa mandiir secara finansial. Dari permasalahan mitra yang ditemui, maka tujuan SDGs pada program ini sesuai dengan tujuan SDGs nomor 8 yaitu  bisa meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang merata dan memperoleh pekerjaan yang layak bagi masyarakat. Adapun tujuan dilaksanakannya kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat adalah untuk memberi semangat dan motivasi kepada komunitas anak panti asuhan agar mereka semangat untuk menjadi seorang entrepreneurship dan dibekali dengan kemampuan dalam bidang Handy Craft hingga mereka bisa mandiri secara finansial. Hasil dari pengabdian ini adalah mengajarkan kelompok mitra melakukan pelatihan handy craft guna meningkatkan kreativitas mereka. Para mitra memiliki mentalitas yang lebih maju dalam menghasilkan uang dengan keterampilan yang mereka miliki sebagai hasil dari pelatihan. Mereka dapat mengenali berbagai peluang ekonomi di lingkungan sekitar rumah mereka dengan menggunakan bakat yang telah mereka miliki.
Sosialisasi Penggunaan Gadget pada Siswa Kelas V SDN Mangasa Kabupaten Gowa
Authors: Rusdi Rusdi , Darmawati Darmawati , Wahyuni Sri , S Jumriati , Azis Abdul , Muchtar Fitri Yanty
Published: February 2025

Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) berupa sosialisasi penggunaan gadget pada siswa kelas V di SDN Mangasa Kabupaten Gowa, merupakan isu yang relevan di tengah perkembangan teknologi saat ini. Artikel ini bertujuan mengsosialisasikan pengguanaan gadget pada siswa kelas V SDN Mangasa Kabupaten Gowa. Kegiatan PKM ini dilakukan secara kolaboratif dengan dosen Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar, mahasiswa Prodi Magister Pendidikan Dasar Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar, dan guru SDN Mangasa Kabupaten Gowa. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dalam tiga tahap yaitu tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan pelaporan. Pada tahap perencanaan terdiri dari menentukan tema, melakukan observasi, merumuskan solusi kemudian menyusun materi. Pada tahap pelaksanaan terdiri dari penyampaian materi tentang gadget dan kegunaannya. Pada tahap pelaporan yaitu menyusun laporan dan publikasi. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukan bahwa siswa antusias untuk mengikuti materi tentang gadget sehingga siswa memahami kegunaan gadget dan dampak penggunaan gadget terhadap perilaku siswa.
THE USE OF SOCIAL NETWORK BOTS TO HELP THE WORK OF THE ACADEMIC DEPARTMENT
Authors: Zhylkybayev T. S. , Mendebayeva A. D. , Zolotov A. D. , Dvortsevoy A. I. , Kozhakhmetova D. O.
Published: February 2025

The article discusses the reasons for the use of social network bots in the activities of the academic department and the method of their creation on the example of a bot for Telegram. The Python programming language and telebot library are used to create the bot. The article shows the method of obtaining a free token with the help of BotFather, for Telegram-bot.The basic syntax commands of the telebot library are considered. The library provides convenient tools for creating and managing Telegram-bot functionality, including transmission of ordinary messages-responses in text format, messages-responses in video or picture format. Using these commands and functions will allow you to organise the bot's work. The use of these commands and features will allow you to organise effective interaction between the bot and the user.Bots will allow students to quickly get answers to frequently asked questions. The use of bots of academic departments will also allow applicants to find out information about the required speciality. In addition, the use of such bots can greatly simplify communication between the school administration and those responsible for career guidance work of the university, which makes them an important tool in the educational sphere. The above shows that bots are an important tool in the educational sphere, contributing to the improvement of the quality of service and information.
DOMESTIC PRODUCTION OF SMALL-SCALE SPECIALIZED EQUIPMENT (MINI-TRACTORS, MINI-LOADERS)
Authors: Zhakupov A. S. , Alzhanov Y. B.
Published: February 2025

This article discusses the production of small-scale specialized equipment, particularly mini-tractors and mini-loaders. The main focus is on the relevance of using such machines in confined spaces and the specifics of small farms. Key aspects of the development and design of mini-equipment are presented, and the materials used and production processes are discussed. The results of studies on the efficiency of smallscale equipment in agricultural and construction sectors are described, along with their economic benefits, environmental safety, and practical value. Based on the research, conclusions are drawn about the necessity and prospects for developing small-scale specialized equipment as an effective solution for small businesses and private farms, and for reducing the import dependency of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
ANALYSIS OF SAP ERP SYSTEM VULNERABILITIES: INVESTIGATING THE RECON ISSUE AND ITS IMPACT ON INFORMATION SECURITY
Authors: Tashenov I. Kh. , Shaikhanova A. K.
Published: February 2025

Cyber threats are becoming increasingly sophisticated, posing a significant risk to enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, such as SAP, which support the critical processes of large organizations. One of the most serious vulnerabilities in SAP is RECON (CVE-2020-6287), which received the maximum score of 10 on the CVSSv3 scale. Such a high rating indicates the critical danger of the vulnerability, allowing unauthorized attackers to gain administrative access to the systems. This can lead to data leaks, destabilization of business processes, and compromise of financial information.To address the RECON issue, the article examines three key tools. INSTANT RECON from Onapsis ensures rapid vulnerability detection, minimizing the time lag between discovery and remediation. Offline Security offers threat protection methods applied in isolated systems. SAP Enterprise Threat Detection (ETD) allows monitoring activity in real-time, preventing potential attacks. These tools play a crucial role in data protection and ensuring the stability of business processes. Their use helps enhance the resilience of ERP systems against internal and external threats, strengthening the overall information security of organizations.
STUDY OF THE CAPABILITIES OF SOFTWARE TOOLS FOR EVALUATING THE EFFICIENCY OF PRODUCTION PROCESSES
Authors: Naimanov A. E. , Shaikhanova A. K.
Published: February 2025

The article conducts a comprehensive study of modern software tools for evaluating the efficiency of production processes. Key metrics such as OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness), MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures), MTTR (Mean Time to Repair), labor productivity, and unit production costs are considered, which help enterprises measure and analyze performance. Particular attention is given to software solutions such as SAP ERP, Siemens Tecnomatix, and 1C, their functionality, integration capabilities, cost, and ease of implementation. A comparative analysis of these solutions based on a number of parameters is provided. Examples of successful implementation of software tools in enterprises are also considered, which led to a significant improvement in production indicators, such as cost reduction and increased productivity. The possibilities of system adaptation and modularity to meet the specific needs of enterprises are considered.