bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Barriers Prevent Patient Access to Personalized Therapies Identified by Molecular Tumor Profiling of Gynecologic Malignancies
Authors: Hillman R. , Ward Kristy , Saenz Cheryl , McHale Michael , Plaxe Steven
Published: May 2015

Objective. This study was designed to evaluate the ability of commercial molecular tumor profiling to discover actionable mutations and to identify barriers that might prevent patient access to personalized therapies. Methods. We conducted an IRB-approved retrospective review of 26 patients with gynecologic malignancies who underwent commercial tumor profiling at our institution during the first 18 months of test availability. Tumor profiles reported targeted therapies and clinical trials matched to patient-specific mutations. Data analysis consisted of descriptive statistics. Results. Most patients who underwent tumor profiling had serous epithelial ovarian, primary peritoneal, or fallopian tube carcinoma (46%). Patients underwent profiling after undergoing a median of two systemic therapies (range 0 to 13). A median of one targeted therapy was suggested per patient profile. Tumor profiling identified no clinically actionable mutations for seven patients (27%). Six patients sought insurance approval for a targeted therapy and two were declined (33%). One patient (4%) received a targeted therapy and this was discontinued due to tumor progression. Conclusions. There are formidable barriers to targeted therapy for patients with gynecologic malignancies. These barriers include a dearth of FDA-approved targeted agents for gynecologic malignancies, lack of third party insurance coverage and limited geographic availability of clinical trials.
Interconnectedness of Financial Conglomerates
Authors: Hauton Gaël , Héam Jean-Cyprien
Published: May 2015

Being active in both the insurance sector and the banking sector, financial conglomerates intrinsically increase the interconnections between the banking sector and the insurance sector. We address two main concerns about financial conglomerates using a unique database on bilateral exposures between 21 French financial institutions. First, we investigate to what extent to which the insurers that are part of financial conglomerates differ from pure insurers. Second, we show that in the presence of sovereign risk, the components of a financial conglomerate are better off than if they were distinct entities. Our empirical findings bring a new perspective to the previous results of the literature based on using different types of data.
User Activity Recognition in Smart Homes Using Pattern Clustering Applied to Temporal ANN Algorithm
Authors: Bourobou Serge , Yoo Younghwan
Published: May 2015

This paper discusses the possibility of recognizing and predicting user activities in the IoT (Internet of Things) based smart environment. The activity recognition is usually done through two steps: activity pattern clustering and activity type decision. Although many related works have been suggested, they had some limited performance because they focused only on one part between the two steps. This paper tries to find the best combination of a pattern clustering method and an activity decision algorithm among various existing works. For the first step, in order to classify so varied and complex user activities, we use a relevant and efficient unsupervised learning method called the K-pattern clustering algorithm. In the second step, the training of smart environment for recognizing and predicting user activities inside his/her personal space is done by utilizing the artificial neural network based on the Allen’s temporal relations. The experimental results show that our combined method provides the higher recognition accuracy for various activities, as compared with other data mining classification algorithms. Furthermore, it is more appropriate for a dynamic environment like an IoT based smart home.
Sensitivity of High-Scale SUSY in Low Energy Hadronic FCNC
Authors: Tanimoto Morimitsu , Yamamoto Kei
Published: May 2015

We discuss the sensitivity of the high-scale supersymmetry (SUSY) at \(10\)–\(1000\) TeV in \(B^0\), \(B_s\), \(K^0\) and \(D\) meson systems together with the neutron electric dipole moment (EDM) and the mercury EDM. In order to estimate the contribution of the squark flavor mixing to these flavor changing neutral currents (FCNCs), we calculate the squark mass spectrum, which is consistent with the recent Higgs discovery. The SUSY contribution in \(\epsilon_K\) could be large, around \(40\%\) in the region of the SUSY scale \(10\)–\(100\) TeV. The neutron EDM and the mercury EDM are also sensitive to the SUSY contribution induced by the gluino-squark interaction. The predicted EDMs are roughly proportional to \(|\epsilon_K^{\rm SUSY}|\). If the SUSY contribution is the level of \({\cal O}(10\%)\) for \(\epsilon_K\), the neutron EDM is expected to be discovered in the region of \(10^{-28}\)–\(10^{-26}\) ecm. The mercury EDM also gives a strong constraint for the gluino-squark interaction. The SUSY contribution of \(\Delta M_D\) is also discussed.
Recessive Resistance Derived from Tomato cv. Tyking-Limits Drastically the Spread of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus
Authors: Pereira-Carvalho Rita , Díaz-Pendón Juan , Fonseca Maria , Boiteux Leonardo , Fernández-Muñoz Rafael , Moriones Enrique , Resende Renato
Published: May 2015

The tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD) causes severe damage to tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) crops throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world. TYLCD is associated with a complex of single-stranded circular DNA plant viruses of the genus Begomovirus (family Geminiviridae) transmitted by the whitefy Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). The tomato inbred line TX 468-RG is a source of monogenic recessive resistance to begomoviruses derived from the hybrid cv. Tyking F1. A detailed analysis of this germplasm source against tomato yellow leaf curl virus-Israel (TYLCV-IL), a widespread TYLCD-associated virus, showed a significant restriction to systemic virus accumulation even under continuous virus supply. The resistance was effective in limiting the onset of TYLCV-IL in tomato, as significantly lower primary spread of the virus occurred in resistant plants. Also, even if a limited number of resistant plants could result infected, they were less efficient virus sources for secondary spread owing to the impaired TYLCV-IL accumulation. Therefore, the incorporation of this resistance into breeding programs might help TYLCD management by drastically limiting TYLCV-IL spread.
Histological and immunohistological analysis of degenerative changes in the cranial cruciate ligament in a canine model of excessive tibial plateau angle
Authors: Kanno N. , Harada Y. , Yogo T. , Tagawa M. , Hara Y. , Ichinohe T.
Published: May 2015

Objective: To create a canine model of excessive tibial plateau angle (eTPA) and assess the chondroid metaplasia and extracellular matrix alteration in the cranial cruciate ligament.

Methods: Seven mature female Beagles were included. Cylindrical osteotomy was performed bilaterally in the proximal tibia. The TPA was increased to approximately 40° in the left tibia (eTPA stifle) and left unchanged in the right tibia (control stifle). Exercise stress was started at three months postoperatively, and at 12 months postoperatively the dogs were euthanatized and the cranial cruciate ligaments were collected. The specimens were subjected to haematoxylin and eosin staining to assess the ligamentocyte morphology and immunostaining to assess the type I (COLI), type II (COLII), and type III (COLIII) collagen, and the sry-type HMG box 9 (SOX9) staining.

Results: Macroscopic cranial cruciate ligament injury was absent in six dogs but present in the eTPA stifle of one dog, which was excluded from the analysis. The ligamentocyte density decreased and the percentage of round ligamentocytes increased in the eTPA stifles. The COLII, COLIII, and SOX9 staining increased significantly and COLI deposition decreased in the eTPA stifles compared to the control stifle.

Clinical significance: The extracellular matrix changed, COLI deposition decreased, and COLIII and SOX9 staining increased in the cranial cruciate ligament of the eTPA stifles. SOX9 may contribute to COLII synthesis in the extracellular matrix of the cranial cruciate ligament in eTPA stifles, and eTPA may promote chondroid metaplasia and extra -cellular matrix alteration.
Des premiers systèmes obligatoires de protection sociale aux assurances sociales
Authors: Laroque Michel
Published: May 2015

Après l’échec de la création par les révolutionnaires de 1789 d’un Établissement général de secours public et avant la mise en place en 1945 de la Sécurité sociale, apparaissent progressivement des systèmes obligatoires de protection sociale, qui préfigurent la Sécurité sociale, malgré d’importants défauts et lacunes. Des régimes spéciaux, dans la voie ouverte pour les invalides de la marine dès Louis XIV ou pour les Comédiens français, se développent au xix e et au début du xx e siècle pour les fonctionnaires, les employés de chemin de fer, les mineurs... À la fin du xix e siècle, la France préfère, au modèle des assurances sociales de Bismarck, de grandes lois d’assistance publique, laissant pleine place à la libre prévoyance. Les débats parlementaires sur la responsabilité individuelle, les droits sociaux à l’assistance et à l’assurance, l’obligation et la solidarité débouchent, après des années de résistance ou de réticence, sur la loi de 1898 sur les accidents du travail, la loi de 1910 sur les retraites ouvrières et paysannes, les assurances sociales des lois de 1928-1930 et les allocations familiales des lois de 1932, complétées notamment en 1938 et 1939. La confrontation des forces sociales dans ce champ se déplace sur le terrain du pouvoir de gestion et le financement de la médecine libérale.
La sécurité sociale pour une société solidaire
Authors: Bec Colette
Published: May 2015

Par rapport à la politique sociale solidariste qui s’ébauche à la fin du xix e siècle, le programme social de la Libération est d’une autre nature. Il ambitionne de construire une interdépendance collective, une véritable solidarisation de la société. Le programme du Conseil national de la Résistance, Les jours heureux , dessine à grands traits le projet appelé à s’incarner dans la Sécurité sociale. L’ambition de ses pères fondateurs n’est rien moins que d’organiser une société juste et solidaire dotée d’institutions sociales en mesure de permettre une émancipation individuelle et collective. Pourtant, dès cette phase initiale, l’institution qui se construit n’est pas exempte d’équivoques. Dès cette époque, deux conceptions de la protection se font jour plus ou moins explicitement. De cette ambiguïté fondatrice, le système hérite une dimension composite qui ira en s’accentuant par la suite. Il hésite entre une protection universelle et celle des seuls travailleurs. Cette indétermination sera à l’origine de dérives ultérieures.
Enhancing Quality of Desert Tortoise Habitat: Augmenting Native Forage and Cover Plants
Authors: Abella Scott R. , Chiquoine Lindsay P. , Engel E. Cayenne , Kleinick Katherine E. , Edwards Fred S.
Published: May 2015

Vegetation in habitat of the federally listed desert tortoise Gopherus agassizii in the Mojave and western Sonoran Desert is now partly or mostly dominated by nonnative annual plants. To improve forage quality and augment availability of perennial cover plants, we tested seeding (pelletized or bare seeding), watering, and fencing for increasing a native annual forage species (desert plantain Plantago ovata), a perennial forage species (desert globemallow Sphaeralcea ambigua), and two shrub species (cheesebush Hymenoclea salsola and winterfat Krascheninnikovia lanata) that provide cover in desert tortoise habitat of southern Nevada. Treatments were ineffective at establishing the perennial species, even though greenhouse assays confirmed that some bare and pelletized seeds were germinable. In contrast, pelletized seeding quadrupled the density of desert plantain compared with not seeding or seeding untreated seed by the end of the first year (autumn 2013). Fencing tripled density of desert plantain to 17 plants/m2. Pelletized seeding plus fencing produced a desert plantain density of 39 plants/m2, the highest average density among all treatment combinations. The positive effect of fencing persisted until at least the second year after treatment (autumn 2014). Augmenting native annual forage plants favored by desert tortoises is feasible.
Art Galleries Connecting with the Curriculum through Digital Technologies and Resources
Authors: Hendy-Ekers Kathryn
Published: May 2015

Innovations in teaching and learning using technology are progressively changing the way in which teachers and students access art galleries and their collections. Art galleries have the authority and power to direct content, processes and the form of exhibition interpretation. In attempt to embrace innovative practices, they are using more approaches with technology to engage their audience to enter into a dialogue with their chosen narrative. For schools, this narrative often incorporates key concepts of the curriculum and delivers outcomes for learning in an informal manner. In an attempt to deliver content and learning outcomes through these resources, additional beliefs, values and learning evolve that contribute to further development of curriculum concepts and pedagogy. This chapter will review the strategies art galleries are using with digital technologies that deliver content and pedagogy addressed to the curriculum. The way in which these resources and strategies link directly to curriculum outcomes and the values and pedagogies that they cover, will be discussed.
Public Art, Digital Technology, and Building Teacher Capacity
Authors: Lemon Narelle
Published: May 2015

Visual Art teachers of K-6 students are required to look at innovative ways to deliver and explore the elements of arts through creating and responding learning activities. They are also required to consider how digital technology can support these areas. This chapter presents an Australian project that invited 10 primary school visual art teachers to consider how they could integrate digital technology such as an interactive whiteboard and mobile devices while exploring an inquiry topic of public art. Narrative case studies are presented that highlight the teacher voice. Each narrative focuses on the building of capacity to meaningfully engage with digital technology while exploring visual art. The narratives provide insight into gaps in how some primary teachers engage with digital technology in the classroom, that is focusing more on the tuning in and evaluation stages of an inquiry unit.
Bootstrap Evaluation of Expert Panel Opinion in Case Studies Solved by REPOMP
Authors: Nikolova Natalia D. , Ivanova Snejana , Georgieva Gergana , Armenski Ivan , Tenekedjiev Kiril I.
Published: May 2015

This chapter discusses several applications of the REPOMP procedure (Randomized Expert Panel Opinion Marginalizing Procedure). It analyzes the subjective opinion of an expert panel in a multi-criteria decision making situation. It starts with an expert panel constructing a hierarchical structure of criteria to evaluate the alternatives. At a next stage, the same expert panel evaluates the relative weight of each criterion and the degree of compliance of each alternative with those criteria. Then a randomized procedure is applied to calculate the marginal indicator of each alternative and make the final ordering based on it. Additional simulation procedure is applied to analyze the distribution of that marginal indicator. The alternatives are also being allocated to indifference classes using hypothesis testing procedures. The analyzed examples refer to issues in environmental management, energy efficiency and spatial data infrastructures.
The Assessment of the Exploitable Fish Reserves (Stock Assessment)
Authors: Sadikaj Rigerta Ali
Published: May 2015

This chapter explains some theoretical and technical aspects of stock assessments that may be familiar to those directly involved in fisheries science and analysis of fish populations. The information about stock and recruitment concepts, assessment of population growth, natural and fishing moralities, selectivity of fishing gears and relationship between catch and selectivity. It is written particularly for persons involved in scientific activity, for students and for stakeholders who have never been exposed to formal fisheries science training, but are interested in better understanding complicated fisheries concepts. An enhanced knowledge of assessment concepts and fisheries science will promote an increased understanding of fisheries management and give stakeholders greater confidence as they participate in fisheries management process. Understanding how all factors interact is a challenging task, even for experts in fisheries science.
Technology in Transformative Learning Environments
Authors: Hamlin Michael
Published: May 2015

Health science educators are increasingly bombarded with proposals to integrate instructional technology into the curriculum to enhance learning. While it may be that providing more options for delivering instruction in different formats provide instructional benefit for educators, the unique nature and goals of health science education require a systematic and integrative approach when instructional technology is introduced into the curriculum. Providing support for transformative learning pedagogies and high-level learning that assists students in developing a reflective professional identity should be a major goal of instructional technology adoption. This chapter develops a framework that health care educators can use to guide the integration of instructional technology in a manner that provides instructional affordances for transformative learning and supports instruction that produces reflective practitioners.
Building Soul and Measuring Flow in the Learning Environment
Authors: Allen Donna
Published: May 2015

For effective learning to occur, a culture must be created that connects the students to the teacher, to each other and to the content. Faculty must use social capital to meet and exceed learning outcomes. The benefits of creating a sense of soul in the classroom so that flow can occur is the most important ingredient in ensuring success in the learning environment. Collectively the synergy of the course, the type and amount of learning and the type of community built in the learning environment can create a healthy or toxic environment. Academic and nonacademic indicators must be incorporated into the measurement of excellence in the learning environment because these strategies are required to be competitive in the job market and because it is the right thing to do. Strategies to support a global perspective through venues of economic, psychological, social and human capital towards a greater good are provided in this chapter.
Resource Constrained Data Stream Clustering with Concept Drifting for Processing Sensor Data
Authors: Zhao Gansen , Ba Zhongjie , Du Jiahua , Wang Xinming , Li Ziliu , Rong Chunming , Huang Changqin
Published: May 2015

Wireless sensors and mobile devices have been widely deployed as data collecting devices for monitoring real world systems. A large amount of stream data is generated in real-time, which has to be processed in real-time as well. One of the common processing operations is clustering that automatically groups the elements of a stream into a number of clusters in general. Elements of the same cluster have maximum similarity and elements of different clusters have minimum similarity. This paper proposes an on-demand framework (SRAStream) based on the concept drifting detection mechanism. The concept drifting detection algorithm is used to measure the distance of the new clusters for the current data and that of the existing clusters. Only when a concept drifting occurs will the re-clustering be performed to identify new clusters. SRAStream thus avoids the unnecessary computation intensive re-clustering calculation. Experiments suggest that the proposed framework does work well and improve the processing speed greatly in data streams clustering.
A New Hybrid Simulated Annealing Algorithm for Large Scale Global Optimization
Authors: Kadry Seifedine N. , El Hami Abdelkhalak
Published: May 2015

The present paper focus on the improvement of the efficiency of structural optimization, in typical structural optimization problems there may be many locally minimum configurations. For that reason, the application of a global method, which may escape from the locally minimum points, remain essential. In this paper, a new hybrid simulated annealing algorithm for large scale global optimization problems with constraints is proposed. The authors have developed a stochastic algorithm called SAPSPSA that uses Simulated Annealing algorithm (SA). In addition, the Simultaneous Perturbation Stochastic Approximation method (SPSA) is used to refine the solution. Commonly, structural analysis problems are constrained. For the reason that SPSA method involves penalizing constraints a penalty method is used to design a new method, called Penalty SPSA (PSPSA) method. The combination of both methods (Simulated Annealing algorithm and Penalty Simultaneous Perturbation Stochastic Approximation algorithm) provides a powerful hybrid stochastic optimization method (SAPSPSA), the proposed method is applicable for any problem where the topology of the structure is not fixed. It is simple and capable of handling problems subject to any number of constraints which may not be necessarily linear. Numerical results demonstrate the applicability, accuracy and efficiency of the suggested method for structural optimization. It is found that the best results are obtained by SAPSPSA compared to the results provided by the commercial software ANSYS.
Governing the Public Sector E-Performance
Authors: del Sordo Carlotta , Orelli Rebecca L. , Padovani Emanuele
Published: May 2015

Over the past several decades the demand for accountability in the field of public administration has been growing exponentially in Europe. The particular emphasis for this theme was the stimulus for the significant adoption and use of information technology systems in the public sector. Thus, the main focus of European countries has been e-government that provides process reform of the manner in which governments work, share information, and deliver services to external and internal clients. Therefore, accountability has become more critical for improving the economic, financial and organizational management of public matters. The need for accountability has pushed the Italian legislature to produce a sequence of legislative and regulatory interventions towards increased transparency in public administrations. This paper presents an account of the likely consequences that performance monitoring systems have, through e-government technology, on public service transparency and accountability. This research utilizes a study on the Brunetta reform (from the Ministry of Public Administration) to foster public sector productivity; that study's key principles are efficiency, meritocracy, accountability, and transparency.
A Novel Framework for Efficient Extraction of Meaningful Key Frames from Surveillance Video
Authors: Raikwar Suresh Chandra , Bhatnagar Charul , Jalal Anand Singh
Published: May 2015

The key frame extraction, aimed at reducing the amount of information from a surveillance video for analysis by human. The key frame is an important frame of a video to provide an overview of the video. Extraction of key frames from surveillance video is of great interest in effective monitoring and later analysis of video. The computational cost of the existing methods of key frame extraction is very high. The proposed method is a framework for Key frame extraction from a long surveillance video with significantly reduced computational cost. The proposed framework incorporates human intelligence in the process of key frame extraction. The results of proposed framework are compared with the results of IMARS (IBM multimedia analysis and retrieval system), results of the key frame extraction methods based on entropy difference method, spatial color distribution method and edge histogram descriptor method. The proposed framework has been objectively evaluated by fidelity. The experimental results demonstrate evidence of the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Gamified Persuasion
Authors: Luoto Tim , Korpelainen Raija , Röning Juha , Ahola Riikka , Enwald Heidi , Hirvonen Noora , Tuovinen Lauri , Heikkinen Hannu I.
Published: May 2015

The authors have empirically examined the persuasive properties of digital games from a multidisciplinary perspective. Besides the relevant cultural and psychological theories related to the game phenomenon, the authors have included a case study where a persuasive online activation service was tested among young men (N=280, average 17.9 year old) in the promotion of physical and social activity. The emphasis of the article is on qualitative material, which is based on in-depth interviews of 10 individuals, as well as participant observation considering the user experiences regarding the activation service and gaming in general. The authors have concluded that games contain persuasive characteristics based on human culture and psychology and that these characteristics could effectively be utilized in physically and socially activating games.
Issues of Participation
Authors: Costantino Terry
Published: May 2015

Members of the Participatory Design (PD) community often raise concerns about participation – participation in what, by whom, and for what purpose? To help determine and answer questions important to participatory practice, the author derived a framework of key issues of participation using literature from Participatory Design and related practices such as Participatory Action Research, Participatory Democracy and Participatory Development. The key issues are: values, representation, power relations, context, transformations, effectiveness, and sustainability. The author posits that giving attention to these issues when designing, conducting and reflecting on participation will improve participatory practices by making choices and compromises more explicit to those involved in the research as well as those who review the research results. The paper discusses how the author derived the framework and then uses the selected literature to explore each of the seven issues and how they can be addressed in participatory practice in general, and within PD more specifically.
Irrigation and Income-Poverty Alleviation: An Assessment Study of Kampe Irrigation Dam in Kogi State, Nigeria
Authors: Gbenga Opeyemi , Olanrewaju Babatunde Raphael , Henry Adenuga Adewale , Iyabo Olagunju Funke
Published: May 2015

Irrigation has been suggested to be a central key part in curbing food scarcity and alleviating poverty not only in Nigeria but also in many other developing countries. The continued dependence on rainfall in agriculture has proved incapable of sustaining the population increase. The study was conducted to assess the role of Kampe irrigation dam on farm household’s income-poverty status in Kogi State, Nigeria. A two stage sampling technique was utilized for the study. Samples were drawn from irrigation beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries within the project community. A total of 140 respondents were interviewed using structured questionnaire. Also, the study used the Foster-Greer-Thorbecke (FGT) model which was used to examine the incidence, gap and severity of poverty among the sampled respondents. Logit regression model was used to identify the factors contributing to poverty state in the study area. The poverty incidence was 41 % and 57 % for irrigation beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries respectively. Poverty gap i.e aggregate expenditure shortfall was 6 % and 21 % for irrigation beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries respectively. However, poverty severity was much higher among irrigation beneficiaries (28%) and 23 % for irrigation non-beneficiaries. Farm household size, total annual farm income and total input cost all contributed to the poverty situation in the study area. Conclusion, the study agree that irrigation dam project would contribute to reducing income-poverty of irrigation farm households, from the result, the study also, based on the key research findings, this study provides recommendations on policy and interventions for making irrigated agriculture effective tool for poverty reduction program.The Journal of Agricultural Sciences, vol.10, No 2, May 2015, pp. 76-86
The lived experiences of children living on the streets of Hillbrow
Authors: Myburgh Chris , Moolla Aneesa , Poggenpoel Marie
Published: May 2015

Background: The effects of daily abuse and hardship on the streets lead to poor mental health in children living on the streets, resulting in them choosing ineffective and self-destructive coping strategies that impact their physical health and overall sense of wellbeing. The facilitation of the mental health of children living on the streets who are subjected to daily threats to their survival is thus crucial.Objectives: The aim of this research was to explore and describe the lived experiences of children living on the streets of Hillbrow, Johannesburg.Method: The research design was qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual. A purposive sample was selected through a temporary shelter in Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa and consisted of 14 male children living on the streets. Data were collected using drawings, in-depth phenomenological interviews and field notes. The central interview opening statement was: ‘Tell me about your life on the street’.Results: The results obtained indicated that children living on the streets are threatened, exploited and exposed to physical, sexual and emotional abuse on a daily basis by the community, the authorities and other street dwellers. This leads to feelings of sadness, fear, anxiety, misery, despair, hopelessness, helplessness and suicide ideation, which in turn lead to drug abuse and criminal activities. In contrast, positive feelings of sympathy for other children living on the streets emerged and these children also displayed perseverance, resilience and a striving for autonomy.Conclusion: Street life exposes children to a variety of experiences, both positive and negative. A striving after autonomy is clearly depicted by these children, who are able to tap into a range of responses, both on- and off-street.
Integral Eisenstein cocycles on $\mathbf {GL}_n$, II: Shintani’s method
Authors: Charollois Pierre , Dasgupta Samit , Greenberg Matthew
Published: May 2015

We define a cocycle on

\mathbf {GL}_n(\mathbf Q)

using Shintani's method. This construction is closely related to earlier work of Solomon and Hill, but differs in that the cocycle property is achieved through the introduction of an auxiliary perturbation vector

Q

. As a corollary of our result we obtain a new proof of a theorem of Diaz y Diaz and Friedman on signed fundamental domains, and give a cohomological reformulation of Shintani's proof of the Klingen–Siegel rationality theorem on partial zeta functions of totally real fields.

Next we relate the Shintani cocycle to the Sczech cocycle by showing that the two differ by the sum of an explicit coboundary and a simple "polar" cocycle. This generalizes a result of Sczech and Solomon in the case

n=2

.

Finally, we introduce an integral version of our cocycle by smoothing at an auxiliary prime

\ell

. This integral refinement has strong arithmetic consequences. We showed in previous work that certain specializations of the smoothed class yield the

p

-adic

L

-functions of totally real fields. Furthermore, combining our cohomological construction with a theorem of Spiess, one deduces that that the order of vanishing of these

p

-adic

L

-functions is at least as large as the expected one.
Giant Cell Angiofibroma Scalp: A Rare Neoplasm
Authors: Jain Anshu , Qadri Shagufta , Afroz Nishat , Shamim Nida
Published: May 2015

Giant cell angiofibroma (GCA) is a rare benign pathologic entity that shows a predilection for the mesenchymal tissue of the orbit and head and neck region. It is a highly vascular, wellcircumscribed benign soft-tissue neoplasm that may simulate a malignant or aggressive process. GCA usually presents as a painful mass that grows slowly or remains stable in size over many years. The incidence of extraorbital GCA is very rare, with only two cases of GCA of scalp reported in the literature. The GCA is characterized by a patternless spindle cell proliferation containing pseudovascular spaces, floret-like multinucleated giant cells and a richly vascularized stroma showing hyalinization or myxoid change. CD34 immunoreactivity remains an important immunohistochemical finding of potential diagnostic value. Surgical excision is often curative. We report a case of a 42 years old male with the primary complaint of a painful solitary nodule arising on the occipital region of the scalp. Complete tumor removal through surgical resection was achieved, and diagnosis of Giant cell angiofibroma was rendered on the histopathological and immunohistochemical examination. The postoperative period was uneventful.

How to cite this article

Qadri S, Afroz N, Jain A, Shamim N. Giant Cell Angiofibroma Scalp: A Rare Neoplasm. Int J Head Neck Surg 2015;6(1):10-13.
Fourth Branchial Fistula: Revisited
Authors: Bose Anandabrata , Sengupta Arup , Sherpa Tshering Dorjee , Paul Nomi
Published: May 2015

Third or fourth branchial pouch anomaly is rare. It usually presents as an acute inflammatory swelling of the lower neck and frequently involves the thyroid gland. Surgical treatment is essential to prevent recurrence. USG, CT scan and barium esophagography help in the diagnosis. Complete excision of tract after proper identification is necessary to prevent recurrence.

How to cite this article

Bose A, Sengupta A, Sherpa TD, Paul N. Fourth Branchial Fistula: Revisited. Int J Head Neck Surg 2015;6(1):26-28.
Effects of Baseplates of Orthodontic Appliances with in situ generated Silver Nanoparticles on Cariogenic Bacteria: A Randomized, Doubleblind Cross-over Clinical Trial
Authors: Ghorbanzadeh Roghayeh , Pourakbari Babak , Bahador Abbas
Published: May 2015

Aim

Polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) is commonly used primarily for baseplates of orthodontic appliances (BOA). The activities of cariogenic bacteria in biofilm on these surfaces may contribute to dental caries, gingival inflammation and periodontal disease. The PMMA incorporated with nanoparticles of silver (NanoAg-I-PMMA) and NanoAgin situin PMMA (NanoAg-IS-PMMA) have been shown to control the growth of cariogenic bacteria, but clinical trial of anti-cariogenic application of these novel materials in orthodontics has not been evaluated. The main aim of the study is to compare the clinical effectiveness of using NanoAg-IS-PMMA and NanoAg-I-PMMA for construction of new BOA in inhibiting the planktonic growth and biofilm formation of the cariogenic bacteria.

Materials and methods

Twenty four patients with a median age of 12.6 years (7-15) harboringStreptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus and Lactobacillus acidophilusas well as Lactobacillus casei participated in the randomized, doubleblind, cross-over study. The experimental BOA, NanoAg-ISBOA and NanoAg-I-BOA, contained 0.5% w/w NanoAg while the control BOA was standard PMMA. Antibacterial effect of NanoAg-IS-BOA and NanoAg-I-BOA was assessed against test cariogenic bacteria by planktonic and biofilm bacterial cells growth inhibition.

Results

The average levels of test cariogenic bacteria in saliva decreased about 2 to 70 fold (30.9-98.4%) compared to baseline depending on the microorganism type and test BOA. Biofilm inhibition analysis demonstrated that NanoAg-I-BOA and NanoAg-IS-BOA inhibited the biofilm of all test bacteria by 20.1 to 79.9% compared to BOA. NanoAg-IS-BOA had a strong anti-biofilm effect againstS. mutans, S. sobrinusandL. casei. However, NanoAg-I-BOA showed only slight antibiofilm effects on test bacteria. Most notably, at all period of the clinical trial, NanoAg-IS-BOA showed a higher antibacterial activity than NanoAg-I-BOA.

Conclusion

Based on the novel data that presented here, the NanoAg-IS-BOA had strong antimicrobial activity in the planktonic phase and subsequent biofilm formation of the cariogenic bacteria.

Clinical significance

Wearing of NanoAg-IS-BOA has the potential to minimize dental plaque formation and caries during orthodontic treatment.

How to cite this article

Ghorbanzadeh R, Pourakbari B, Bahador A. Effects of Baseplates of Orthodontic Appliances within situgenerated Silver Nanoparticles on Cariogenic Bacteria: A Randomized, Double-blind Cross-over Clinical Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(4):291-298.
Root and Root Canal Morphology of Human Third Molar Teeth
Authors: Jafarzadeh Hamid , Mohammadi Zahed , Shalavi Sousan , Bandi Shilpa
Published: May 2015

Successful root canal treatment depends on having comprehensive information regarding the root(s)/canal(s) anatomy. Dentists may have some complication in treatment of third molars because the difficulty in their access, their aberrant occlusal anatomy and different patterns of eruption. The aim of this review was to review and address the number of roots and root canals in third molars, prevalence of confluent canals in third molars, C-shaped canals, dilaceration and fusion in third molars, autotransplantation of third molars and endodontic treatment strategies for third molars.

How to cite this article

Mohammadi Z, Jafarzadeh H, Shalavi S, Bandi S, Patil SG. Root and Root Canal Morphology of Human Third Molar Teeth. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(4): 310-313.
Advances in Soft Denture Liners: An Update
Authors: Hussein Farouk Ahmed
Published: May 2015

Soft denture liners are used in complete and partial removable dentures to distribute functional loads homogeneously on the denture-bearing tissues. These materials are recommended in cases of irregular bone resorption, bony undercuts, thin atrophic mucosa, immediate prosthesis, healing after implant placement, and for patients with bruxism and xerostomia. The resilient lining materials can be categorized as plasticized acrylic resins or silicone elastomers. The plasticized acrylic resin comprises of acrylic polymers and copolymers, a liquid containing an acrylic monomer and plasticisers, such as ethyl alcohol and/or ethyl acetate responsible for preserving the material softness. The silicone elastomers, consisting of dimethylsiloxane polymers, with a chemical composition similar to that of the silicone impression materials devoid of leachable plasticisers, retain their elastic properties for prolonged periods. Most of the currently available materials have several disadvantages, including color stability, long-term resiliency, abrasion resistance, bond strength and porosity. Several modifications have been done recently to overcome of these disadvantages of the soft liners. The current review summarizes the recent developments in soft liners.

How to cite this article

Hashem MI. Advances in Soft Denture Liners: An Update. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(4):314-318.
Personhood-Based Dementia Care: Using the Familial Caregiver as a Bridging Model for Professional Caregivers
Authors: Fetterolf Michael Gabriel
Published: May 2015

With biomedicine at the forefront of our culture's understanding of illness, true healing is often neglected. It has become common practice to place elderly persons with Alzheimer's disease in nursing homes or long-term care facilities that do not always regard the sufferers' well-being as a top priority. This article draws from familial caregiving roles as a basis for understanding personhood, which I take to be a bridge between the world of a caregiver and the world of an Alzheimer's sufferer. Furthermore, through the modeling of professional caregiving strategies, I show how one might form meaningful relationships in long-term care facilities, and likewise provide the aging and afflicted person with forms of healing.
Response
Authors: Kao Philip
Published: May 2015

None
Review: Growing Up Growing Old: Trajectories of Times and Lives
Authors: Brown Diane L.
Published: May 2015

Growing Up Growing Old: Trajectories of Times and Lives. Nicholas, A. and Flaherty, I. eds.. Oxford, United Kingdom: Interdisciplinary Press. 2013. ISBN: 978-1-904710-94-8, 229 pp. Price £19.99 (Paper).
Taxation Despite Representation: Judicial Legislation And The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act
Authors: Nigra Peter W.
Published: May 2015

None
Reference, Phases and Individuation: Topics at the Labeling-Interpretive Interface
Authors: Murphy Elliot
Published: May 2015

Following on from recent work in minimalist syntax and ethology, I explore the implications of assuming that the operation Label is the defining feature of the human computational system. It is shown that labeling is responsible for a number of semantic and cognitive properties of the interpretative systems, a conclusion with direct repercussions for the study of the mind/brain. Finally, it is shown that the emergence of Label limits and directs human referentiality.
Personality Traits and Identity Styles in Methamphetamine-Dependent Women: A Comparative Study
Authors: Hojjat Seyed Kaveh , Golmakani Ebrahim , Bayazi Mohammad Hossein , Mortazavi Razieh , Norozi Khalili Mina , Akaberi Arash
Published: May 2015

BACKGROUND: Studies over the past two decades have shown that various personality traits of substance-dependent men measure differently than compared to normal individuals. However fewer studies have addressed the role of identity as an influential factor in the onset and continuation of drug dependency.

METHODS: The objective of this study was to compare the Big Five personality factors and identity styles in methamphetamine dependent women and non-user group. Forty eight methamphetamine dependent women under treatment in Welfare Organization’s residential centers filled out the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and the Berzonsky’s Identity Style Inventory. They were compared with 48 non-dependent women who were matched in terms of age, education, marital status, and occupation. Data was analyzed with t student test. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS V.16 software. Differences were considered significant at P<0.05.

RESULTS: Results found that methamphetamine dependent woman had significantly higher levels of neuroticism and lower levels of conscientiousness, agreeableness and openness to experience compared to normative sample of female respondents .In addition, mean scores of diffuse/avoidant identity style in methamphetamine user women was significantly higher than non-user group. This is while non-user women had a significantly higher mean in normative identity style.

CONCLUSION: Identity styles along with personality traits can be a key role in drug use in women in this study. Therefore, enhancing understanding about the role of identity can be helpful in treatment programs especially in harm reduction approaches.
Ebola Outbreak in Nigeria: Increasing Ebola Knowledge of Volunteer Health Advisors
Authors: Patel Unnati , Pharr Jennifer R. , Ihesiaba Chidi , Oduenyi Frances U. , Hunt Aaron T. , Patel Dina , Obiefune Michael , Chukwumerije Nkem , Ezeanolue Echezona E.
Published: May 2015

In many low-income countries, volunteer health advisors (VHAs) play an important role in disseminating information, especially in rural or hard-to-reach locations. When the world's largest outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) occurred in 2014, a majority of cases were concentrated in the West African countries of Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. Twenty cases were reported in Nigeria initially and there was a need to rapidly disseminate factual information on Ebola virus. In southeast Nigeria, a group of VHAs was being used to implement the Healthy Beginning Initiative [HBI], a congregation based intervention to increase HIV testing among pregnant women and their male partners. The purpose of this study was to assess the baseline and post EVD training knowledge of VHAs during the outbreak in Nigeria. In September 2014, 59 VHAs attending a HBI training workshop in the Enugu State of Nigeria participated in an Ebola awareness training session. Participants completed a 10-item single-answer questionnaire that assessed knowledge of Ebola epidemiology, symptoms, transmission, prevention practices, treatment and survival prior to the Ebola awareness training. After the training, the VHAs repeated the questionnaire. Answers to pre and post questionnaires were analyzed using paired t-tests. Multiple linear regression was used to examine the relationship between pre and post total questionnaire scores and age, education, current location and employment. The average pre-test score was 7.3 and average post-test score was 7.8 which was a significant difference (t=-2.5, p=0.01). Prior to the training, there was a significant difference in Ebola knowledge based on the VHAs education only (p<0.01). After training, education was no longer significant for Ebola knowledge. Existing community health programs can be used as a platform to train VHAs in times of epidemics for quick dissemination of vital health information in areas lacking adequate health infrastructure and personnel.
On the hadamard type inequalities involving product of two convex functions on the co-ordinates
Authors: Akdemir Ahmet Ocak , Özdemir M. Emin
Published: May 2015

In this paper some Hadamard-type inequalities for product of convex functions of $2-$variables on the co-ordinates are given.
On Matrix polynomials associated with Hermite polynomials
Authors: Bin-Saad Maged G. , Pathan M. A. , AL-Sarhi Fadhl
Published: May 2015

In this paper, an extension of the Hermite matrix polynomials is introduced. Some relevant matrix functions appear in terms of the two-index and two-variable and p-index and p-variable Hermite matrix polynomials. Furthermore, in order to give qualitative properties of this family of matrix polynomials, the Legendre and Chebyshev matrix polynomials of sveral variables are introduced.
La aplicación de los códigos Data Matrix (DM) en el registro y la catalogación arqueológica
Authors: Roda Gilabert Xavier , Samper Carro Sofia C. , Mora Torcal Rafael , González Marcén Paloma , Martínez Moreno Jorge
Published: May 2015

El registro e inventariado de los materiales arqueológicos es una parte esencial de la investigación arqueológica. Durante el trabajo de laboratorio, cada ítem es identificado individualmente. Esta tarea se realiza generalmente a mano, lo que facilita la pérdida de información debido a errores humanos. De este modo, números erróneos, ortografía ilegible o la desaparición del identificador de los artefactos son comunes. Ante la ausencia de un método fiable y duradero de marcado de los objetos, una parte importante del trabajo en los museos consiste en el re-inventariado de las colecciones. En este trabajo se presenta la utilización de los códigos Data Matrix (DM) para el catalogado del material arqueológico. Su uso en los yacimientos de Roca dels Bous y la Cova Gran de Santa Linya (Lleida, España) evidencia que la aplicación de esta técnica facilita el almacenaje y preservación de las colecciones arqueológicas.
Enseñar un oficio, proponer una forma
Authors: Vitale Daniele
Published: May 2015

El oficio de enseñar. Enseñar a través de la técnica, enseñar por vía de la cultura. Una ciudadela de figuras. Imitación y relación personal. Enseñar a partir de un sistema. Partir del inicio. Posponer la realidad