bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Genotype, Sowing Time and Seed Fungicide Pre-Treatments on Root and Crown Rot and Grain Yield in Bread Wheat
Authors: BAŞER İsmet , GİDER İlker , BİLGİN Oğuz , BALKAN Alpay
Published: December 2020

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of sowing time, cultivar and seed fungicide applications on root and crown rot disease and grain yield of bread wheat with different earliness traits (Esperia, mid-early; Genesi, late and Anapo, early) in the experiment station of the Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University. Four different fungicides pre-treatments (prothioconazole + tebuconazole, carboxin + thiram, prochloraz + tiriticonazole and control) were applied to the seeds of the varieties before sowing in three different times, on 1 November, 15 November and 30 November 2016. The experiment was designed as a split-split-plot with 3 replications. The results of the variance analysis showed that the effect of applying different seed fungicide pre-treatment root and crown rot of bread wheat varieties was statistically significant. Prothioconazole + tebuconazole application caused the lowest root and crown rot with 2.714 %, followed by prochloraz + tiriticonazole with 3.31%. The highest root and crown rot was determined with a value of 3.64% for the earliest sowing on 01 November. Among the four different fungicide pre-treatments, the highest root and crown rot (5.59%) was obtained in the control application, while the lowest root and crown rot was obtained in prothioconazole + tebuconazole, carboxin + thiram and prochloraz + triticonazole, with 1.96%, 2.10% and 2.89% root and crown rot, respectively. These data indicate that early sowing may increase root and crown rot severity.
Sebze Tipi Sakız Fasulyesinde Tuza Toleranslı Genotiplerin Araştırılması
Authors: AKÇURA Sevim
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışma, 24 adet sebze tipi sakız fasulyesi (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba [L.] Taub.) genotipinin çimlenme döneminde altı tuz konsantrasyonunda (kontrol, 6, 8, 10, 12 ve 15 dS m-1) tuzluluğa toleranslarını fide kuru ağırlıklarına göre belirlemek ve toleranslı genotipleri seçmek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Sakız fasulyesinin kuru fide ağırlığı tuz uygulamalarından önemli derecede etkilenmiştir. Tuz uygulaması, genotip, tuz uygulaması x genotip interaksiyonu istatistiksel olarak önemli olmuştur (P
Orta Anadolu Kuru Şartlarında Ekmeklik Buğdayda Optik Sensöre Dayalı Mevsim İçi Azotlu Gübre Kalibrasyon Optimizasyonu
Authors: SAVASLI Erdinc , ÖNDER Oğuz , CEKİC Cemal , KALAYCI Hasan Müfit , DAYIOĞLU Ramis , KARADUMAN Yaşar , YILMAZ Fatma , DURSUN Nesim , GEZGİN Sait
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, buğdayın ZD 3.0 (sapa kalkma başlangıcı) döneminde klorofil metre (SPAD) ve GreenSeeker (NDVI) optik sensörler ile buğdayın N alımı ile tane verimi arasındaki ilişkileri ölçmek, doğrulamak ve gübre tavsiyeleri için denklem oluşturmaktır. Bu çalışmada, kuru koşullarda 4 farklı çeşit (Altay2000, Gerek79, Sönmez2001 ve Bezostaja1), 6 farklı azot dozuna (0, 3, 6, 9, 12 ve 15 kg N da-1) karşılık olarak verdikleri mevsim içi spektral yansıma okumalarından hesaplanan vejetasyon indeksleri ve mevsim içi verim tahmini yöntemiyle belirlenmiştir. Zadoks (ZD) 2.4 (kardeşlenme), ZD 3.0 (sapa kalkma başlangıcı), ZD 3.1 (sapa kalkma 1 boğum dönemi) ve ZD 3.2 (sapa kalkma 2 boğumlu dönem) olmak üzere 4 ayrı dönemde vejetasyon indeksi (NDVI) okumaları yapılmıştır. Bu dönemlerden en uygun Zadoks 3.0 (sapa kalkma başlangıcı) döneminde yapılan okumalar en gerçekçi yaklaşım olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Yaprak klorofil değerleri hakkında da bilgi veren spadmetre (SPAD) kullanımına göre mevsimiçi verim tahmini yapmaya olanak sağlayan NDVI yöntemi daha uygun bulunmuştur. 8 çiftçi tarlasından alınan değerlerin karşılaştırılmasında, optik sensör (NDVI) yönteminin önerdiği azot dozlarının çiftçi uygulamasıyla benzer verim düzeylerinde 0.9 kg N da-1 daha az azot kullanım sağladığı görülmüş, yani sistemin ekonomik etkinlik yönü öne çıkmıştır. Spadmetre kullanılarak erken ilkbahar döneminde azotlu gübre tavsiyesinde, normalize edilmiş spad (NSPAD) değerlerindeki artışın verimde neden olduğu artışı gösteren 4 dönemde de aynı Klorofil Yeterlilik İndeksi (Chlorophyll Sufficiency Index) 0.95 kritik eşik değeri nin altında olduğu zaman azotlu gübre tavsiye önerilmiştir.
Lemon Peel Extract for Synthesizing Non-Toxic Silver Nanoparticles through One-Step Microwave-Accelerated Scheme
Authors: JAHAN Israt , IŞILDAK İbrahim
Published: December 2020

In this study, biofunctionalized globular or oval shaped silver nanoparticles were obtained by using aqueous extract of lemon peel (Citrus limon) via microwave-accelerated heating system. While UV−visible spectroscopy, FTIR and XRD analyses were applied to recognize the formation of nano-silver, TEM and Zeta analysis were employed to reveal their morphological features. UV–vis spectrum of fabricated AgNPs indicated its characteristic maximum absorbance at 445 nm. Phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles were poly-dispersed with Z-average value of 41.86 nm, and showed excellent stability for several months with no aggregation and agglomeration. The non-toxic nature of the developed Ag nanoparticles was further confirmed by applying on healthy mouse fibroblast L929 cell line, which may expand their potentials for further studies related to medical science and other biological applications.
Geleneksel Yaprak Peynirinin Bazı Karakteristik Özellikleri
Authors: KESKİN Bilal , ÇELİK Şerafettin
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırmada, geleneksel Yaprak peynirinin bazı karakteristik özelliklerinin tespit edilmesi ve gıda güvenilirliği açısından değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, 13 farklı küçük ölçekli süt işletmelerinde inek ve koyun sütünden üretilen geleneksel taze Yaprak peyniri 90 gün süre ile 4 ˚C’de depolanmış ve depolama periyodunun 1., 30., 60., ve 90. günlerinde peynirin bazı karakteristik özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Çiğ inek ve koyun sütünden üretilen olgun Yaprak peynirlerinin ortalama KM, KM’de yağ, protein ve KM’de tuz içerikleri sırasıyla %56.71-58-34, %40.73-48.19, %21.37-25.46 ve %10.46-11.44 aralığında tespit edilmiştir. Depolama periyodu boyunca Yaprak peynirinde asitlik değerlerinin değişim gösterdiği, lipoliz ve proteoliz düzeylerinin ise sürekli artış gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Araştırılan mikrobiyolojik parametreler bakımından, depolama periyodunun 90. gününde peynirin tüketime uygunluk arz ettiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Isıtmasız Sera Koşullarında Yapılan Yenidünya Aşılarında Aşı Başarısının Belirlenmesi
Authors: POLAT Atila Aytekin
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırma, ısıtmasız sera koşullarında yenidünya çöğürlerine yapılan “T” ve yonga göz aşılarında aşı başarı durumunun belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. ‘Hafif Çukurgöbek’ yenidünya çeşidi, 1 yaşlı yenidünya çöğürlerine 9 Kasım 2017 tarihinde Yonga ve “T” aşı, 8 Şubat 2018 tarihinde ise Yonga aşı metotları ile aşılanmıştır. İlk aşılama döneminde her yinelemede 10 bitki, ikinci aşılama döneminde 6 bitki kullanılmıştır. Her dönem yapılan aşı uygulamalarından 30-45 gün sonra aşı bağları çözülerek aşı tutma oranları belirlenmiştir. Tutan aşılarda aşı gözlerinin sürmesi için aşı noktasının 10 cm üzerinden anacın tepesi budama makası ile kesilmiş ve bundan 30 gün sonra süren aşı oranları belirlenmiştir. Denemede en yüksek aşı başarısı, 9 Kasım 2017 tarihinde yapılan “T” aşıdan(% 64.9) elde edilmiştir. Bunu aynı dönemde yapılan yonga aşılar(% 61.0) izlemiştir. 8 Şubat 2018 tarihinde yapılan Yonga aşılarında ise % 44.8 aşı başarısı elde edilmiştir. Sonbahar-kış aylarında yapılan aşılamalardaki aşı başarısı, ilkbahar döneminde yapılan aşılamalardaki aşı başarısından daha düşük olmasına karşın, bu dönemlerde yapılacak aşılardan da yeterli düzeyde bir aşı başarısının elde edilebileceği belirlenmiştir. Araştırma, sonbahar-kış aylarında sera koşullarında yapılacak aşılamalar ile yenidünyalarda aşılama periyodunun uzatılabileceğini göstermiştir.
Burdur İlinde Plum pox virus’un Tespiti ve Kısmi Kılıf Protein Geninin Moleküler Karakterizasyonu
Authors: MORCA Ali Ferhan , COŞKAN Sevgi , ÇELIK Ali
Published: December 2020

Plum pox virus (PPV), sert çekirdekli meyvelerde önemli verim kayıplarına sebep olan Şarka hastalığının etmenidir. PPV, Türkiye’nin farklı bölgelerinde sınırlı olarak tespit edilmesine rağmen, bugüne kadar Burdur iline ait herhangi bir kayıt bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, 2016-2019 yılları arasında Burdur ilinde PPV’nin varlığının belirlenmesine yönelik serolojik ve moleküler yöntemler kullanılarak yapılan araştırmanın sonuçlarına yer verilmiştir. Sürveyler süresince toplanan 47 adet sert çekirdekli meyve yaprak örneği ilk olarak Double antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) ile analiz edilmiş ve 2 adet şeftali örneğinin PPV ile enfekteli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada, PPV’nin kılıf protein bölgesi için 767 nükleotid büyüklüğünde bir bölgeyi çoğaltan bir adet dejenere primer çifti tasarlanmıştır. Yeni primerler ile gerçekleştirilen Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) ve sekans analizleri sonucunda elde edilen diziler GenBank’a kaydedilmiştir. Yapılan BlastN analizi neticesinde Burdur PPV izolatları en yüksek benzerlik oranını (%99.86-%98.49), PPV-M ırkı ile göstermiştir. Neighbour-joining yöntemiyle yapılan filogenetik ağaçta Burdur izolatlarının, Türkiye ve farklı ülkelere ait PPV-M izolatı ile kümelendiği belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma ile elde edilen 2 adet PPV-M izolatı Akdeniz Bölgesi’nin PPV açısından ari alanı konumunda olan Burdur ilinde ilk kayıt niteliğindedir. Çalışma sonucunda enfekteli olduğu tespit edilen ağaçlar eradike edilerek 1 km çapında tampon bölge oluşturulmuş ve 3 yıl boyunca Prunus türlerinin yetiştiriciliğinin yasaklanmasına ve sürvey çalışmalarınnın devam edilmesine karar verilmiştir.
DETERMINANTES DA LEGIBILIDADE DAS NOTAS EXPLICATIVAS DE COMPANHIAS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Borges Guilherme de Freitas , Rech Ilírio José
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar os determinantes da legibilidade das notas explicativas das companhias brasileiras abertas. Para isso realizou-se um estudo exploratório com abordagem quantitativa, obtido a partir das demonstrações financeiras padronizadas divulgadas anualmente pelas companhias integrantes do IBrX 50, no período compreendido entre 2010 e 2016. Para mensuração da legibilidade, recorreu-se à Flesch Readability Formula. Utilizou-se da regressão linear múltipla para análise dos dados. Os resultados destacam que as notas explicativas das empresas possuem baixa legibilidade e que as variáveis tamanho, complexidade operacional, tempo de listagem, governança corporativa, auditoria por uma big four e extensão do reporting são estatisticamente significativos para determinar a legibilidade das notas explicativas. A pesquisa contribui por destacar que mesmo empresas de grande porte, auditadas por empresas de renome em auditoria e com elevados níveis de governança carecem de maior zelo com a preparação e evidenciação da informação contábil, considerando a baixa legibilidade identificada na pesquisa. A verificação da baixa legibilidade das notas explicativas desperta para a importância de ações dos agentes reguladores e operadores da contabilidade que visem melhorias das informações entregues aos usuários.
Shakespeare and the Construction of Intellectual Disability: The Case of Touchstone
Authors: Equestri Alice
Published: December 2020

In this article I analyse how Shakespeare uses early modern paradigms of intellectual disability to construct the identity of Touchstone, the fool of As You Like It. Although Touchstone is no real fool but simply performs like one, his actions and mocking reflections on the characters he faces expose how Shakespeare was very well acquainted with socio-legal and even medical definitions of natural folly in his time. A reading of the character as a natural fool according to specific paradigms of the period further reveals how Touchstone enacts an expanded 'complex embodiment' of disability.
Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, Disability, and the Injustice of Misrecognition
Authors: Knight Amber
Published: December 2020

This article makes the case that the normative aspirations of recognition politics are worth pursuing as a dimension of disability politics— although the tactics need to be revised— through an interpretation of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein. Specifically, I read Frankenstein's Creature as a visibly disabled subject, as someone who is misrecognized and mistreated due to his body's physical features, in order to analyze the tragedy of the novel: how the not-so-monstrous Creature can never see himself as anything other than a monster since he is never afforded the positive recognition he desires. The article concludes by considering how the tragedy could have been avoided in an attempt to envision a better path toward social justice for people with disabilities and other victims of identity-based subordination. More broadly, this article attempts to bring Mary Shelley into the political theory canon, casting her as a progressive social critic who believed that misrecognition creates monsters out of those who are negatively labelled as such.
DSQ Family Photo, Fall 2020
Authors: Brueggemann Brenda , Brewer Elizabeth , Henry Kelsey , Roy Ashley , Schmitz Greta
Published: December 2020

No abstract available.
Testing the Semi Markov Model Using Monte Carlo Simulation Method for Predicting the Network Traffic
Authors: Kordnoori Shirin , Mostafaei Hamidreza , Kordnoori Shaghayegh , Ostadrahimi Mohammadmohsen
Published: December 2020

Semi-Markov processes can be considered as a generalization of both Markov and renewal processes. One of the principal characteristics of these processes is that in opposition to Markov models, they represent systems whose evolution is dependent not only on their last visited state but on the elapsed time since this state. Semi-Markov processes are replacing the exponential distribution of time intervals with an optional distribution. In this paper, we give a statistical approach to test the semi-Markov hypothesis. Moreover, we describe a Monte Carlo algorithm able to simulate the trajectories of the semi-Markov chain. This simulation method is used to test the semi-Markov model by comparing and analyzing the results with empirical data. We introduce the database of Network traffic which is employed for applying the Monte Carlo algorithm. The statistical characteristics of real and synthetic data from the models are compared. The comparison between the semi-Markov and the Markov models is done by computing the Autocorrelation functions and the probability density functions of the Network traffic real and simulated data as well. All the comparisons admit that the Markovian hypothesis is rejected in favor of the more general semi Markov one. Finally, the interval transition probabilities which show the future predictions of the Network traffic are given.
Economic and Economic-Statistical Design of Multivariate Bayesian Control Chart with Variable Sampling Intervals
Authors: Tavakoli Masoud , Pourtaheri Reza
Published: December 2020

Due to the proper performance of Bayesian control chart in detecting process shifts, it recently has become the subject of interest. It has been proved that on Bayesian and traditional control charts, the economic and statistical performances of the variable sampling interval (VSI) scheme are superior to those of the fixed ratio sampling (FRS) strategy in detecting small to moderate shifts. This paper studies the VSI multivariate Bayesian control chart based on economic and economic-statistical designs. Since finding the distribution of Bayesian statistic is t complicated, we apply Monte Carlo method and we employ artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm to obtain the optimal design parameters (sample size, sampling intervals, warning limit and control limit). In the end, this case study is compared with VSI Hotelling’s T2 control chart and it is shown that this approach is more desirable statistically and economically.
Informe MERCOSUL 2020: Sob a pressão da agenda externa
Authors: Rios Sandra Polónia , Da Motta Veiga Pedro , Maduro Lúcia , Ribeiro Fernando José
Published: December 2020

Esta edição do Informe MERCOSUL cobre o ano de 2019 e o primeiro semestre de 2020. Durante esse período, Argentina, Brasil e Paraguai assumiram sucessivamente a Presidencia ProTempore do bloco. Desse modo, o Informe analisa a evolução do cenário comercial nos países do MERCOSUL e a agenda interna e externa do bloco.
Iniciativas de alimentación escolar durante la emergencia sanitaria
Authors: Kreussler Claudia , Scannone Rodolfo , Álvarez Marinelli Horacio
Published: December 2020

Los gobiernos de la región han puesto en marcha diversas estrategias para lograr la continuidad de la prestación de servicios de alimentación escolar durante la crisis sanitaria por COVID-19. Entre las medidas destacan entrega de bolsas con alimentos, transferencias directas a las familias, entrega de bonos para canje de alimentos, vinculo al desarrollo económico rural local a través de la priorización de proveedores de alimentos de la agricultura de pequeña y mediana escala; articulación interinstitucional e intersectorial y ejecución compartida; intercambio de experiencias entre países, entre otros. Asimismo, se han establecido estrictos protocolos de bioseguridad para evitar el contagio durante esta operación. Se resaltan a continuación algunas de las medidas que han tomado los gobiernos de la región para lograr la continuidad de este servicio, y algunas acciones y opciones de políticas públicas que se derivan de estas experiencias. Aproximadamente, el 77% de los países de ALC han puesto en marcha mecanismos para continuar en alguna medida servicios de alimentación y nutrición escolar durante la emergencia sanitaria.
Nudging Parents to Improve Preschool Attendance in Uruguay
Authors: Mateo Díaz Mercedes , Becerra Luna Laura , Hernández-Agramonte Juan Manuel , López Florencia , Pérez Alfaro Marcelo , Vasquez Echeverria Alejandro
Published: December 2020

Uruguay has increased it preschool enrollment, reaching almost universal coverage among four- and five-year-olds. However, more than a third of children enrolled in preschool programs have insufficient attendance, with absenteeism higher in schools in lower socioeconomic areas and among younger preschool children. This paper presents the results of a behavioral intervention to increase preschool attendance nationwide. Most previous experiments using behavioral sciences have looked at the impact of nudging parents on attendance and learning for school-age children; this is the first experiment looking at both attendance and child development for preschool children. It is also the first behavioral intervention to use a government mobile app to send messages to parents of preschool children. The intervention had no average treatment effect on attendance, but results ranged widely across groups. Attendance by children in the 25th 75th percentiles of absenteeism rose by 0.320.68 days over the course of the 13-week intervention, and attendance among children in remote areas increased by 1.48 days. Among all children in the study, the intervention also increased language development by 0.10 standard deviations, an impact similar to that of very labor-intensive programs, such as home visits. The intervention had stronger effects on children in the remote provinces of Uruguay, increasing various domains of child development by about 0.33 to 0.37 standard deviations. Behavioral interventions seeking to reduce absenteeism and raise test scores usually nudge parents on both the importance of attendance and ways to improve child development. In this experiment, the nudges focused only on absenteeism but had an effect on both.
Reabrir las escuelas en América Latina y el Caribe: Claves, desafíos y dilemas para planificar el retorno seguro a las clases presenciales
Authors: Berlanga Cecilia , Morduchowicz Alejandro , Scasso Martín , Vera Alejandro
Published: December 2020

¿Están preparados los países de América Latina y el Caribe para abrir sus escuelas? ¿Cuáles son las condiciones necesarias para una reapertura segura, exitosa y que no deje a nadie atrás? Este informe elaborado por la Oficina Regional de Educación para América Latina y el Caribe (OREALC/UNESCO Santiago) y la División Educación del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, analiza las condiciones estructurales de los países de la región en la disponibilidad y distribución de recursos que juegan un rol clave en el proceso de planificar la reapertura de escuelas y asegurar la continuidad educativa. Estos son: (i) la infraestructura escolar, (ii) las condiciones de saneamiento e higiene, (iii) los recursos humanos, (iv) la disponibilidad de tecnologías de la información y la comunicación y (v) el financiamiento.
Trabajar y ser mujer en Bolivia
Authors: Urquidi Manuel , Tejerina Verónica , Raphael Mariana , Durand Guillaume
Published: December 2020

Durante los últimos veinte años, la región de América Latina y el Caribe ha evolucionado de manera favorable en materia de igualdad de género. Sin embargo, la disparidad en diversos ámbitos sigue siendo una realidad y Bolivia no es excepción. El documento presenta algunos datos escogidos que muestran la evolución de la situación de la mujer en el mercado laboral y algunos datos de contexto para entender algunos de los retos que enfrentan las mujeres trabajadoras en Bolivia.
Design and Application of a Greedy Pursuit Algorithm Adapted to Overcomplete Dictionary for Sparse Signal Recovery
Authors: Zhao Shengjie , Zhu Jianchen , Wu Di
Published: December 2020

Compressive sensing (CS) is a novel paradigm to recover a sparse signal in compressed domain. In some overcomplete dictionaries, most practical signals are sparse rather than orthonormal. Signal space greedy method can derive the optimal or near-optimal projections, making it possible to identify a few most relevant dictionary atoms of an arbitrary signal. More practically, such projections can be processed by standard CS recovery algorithms. This paper proposes a signal space subspace pursuit (SSSP) method to compute spare signal representations with overcomplete dictionaries, whenever the sensing matrix satisfies the restricted isometry property adapted to dictionary (D-RIP). Specifically, theoretical guarantees were provided to recover the signals from their measurements with overwhelming probability, as long as the sensing matrix satisfies the D-RIP. In addition, a thorough analysis was performed to minimize the number of measurements required for such guarantees. Simulation results demonstrate the validity of our hypothetical theory, as well as the superiority of the proposed approach.
Clustering-Based Band Selection Using Structural Similarity Index and Entropy for Hyperspectral Image Classification
Authors: Ghorbanian Arsalan , Maghsoudi Yasser , Mohammadzadeh Ali
Published: December 2020

Despite the unique capabilities of hyperspectral images for classification tasks, handling the high dimension of these data is challenging. Therefore, dimension reduction algorithms have been proposed to solve this challenge. In this paper, an unsupervised Feature Selection (FS) algorithm was proposed for hyperspectral image classification. First, the entropy values of hyperspectral bands were employed to identify and remove noisy bands. Afterward, the Structural Similarity (SSIM) index and the k-means clustering algorithm were combined to select a few representative bands. Subsequently, the selected bands were injected into a supervised classifier, and the obtained Overall Accuracy (OA) and Kappa Coefficient (KC) were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. Finally, the results were compared with the ones achieved from other well-known and state-of-the-art FS approaches. The results revealed that the proposed method outperformed other FS algorithms. Furthermore, the proposed FS algorithm obtained equal or higher OA and KC in comparison with the case of employing all hyperspectral bands. Additionally, a stability analysis step was performed to investigate the consistency of the proposed method. The results suggest the potential of the FS approach for hyperspectral image classification.
Image Based Group Classifier for Brain Tumor Detection Using Machine Learning Technique
Authors: Krishnaveni Putta Rama , Kishore Gattim Naveen
Published: December 2020

In view of insights of the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS), brain tumor is one of the main sources of disease related deaths in the World. It is the subsequent reason for tumor related deaths in adults under the age 20-39. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is assuming a significant job in the examination of neuroscience for contemplating brain images. The investigation of brain MRI Images is useful in brain tumor analysis process. Features will be extricated and selected from the segmented pictures and afterward grouped by utilizing the classification procedures to analyze whether the patient is ordinary (having no tumor) or irregular (having tumor). One of the most dangerous cancers is brain tumor or cancer which affects the human body's main nervous system. Infection that can affect is very sensitive to the brain. Two types of brain tumors are present. The tumor may be categorized as benign and malignant. The benign tumor represents a change in the shape and structure of the cells, but cannot contaminate or spread to other cells in the brain. The malignant tumor can spread and grow if not carefully treated and removed. The detection of brain tumors is a difficult and sensitive task involving the classifier's experience. In the proposed work a Group based Classifier for Brain Tumor Recognition (GbCBTD) is introduced for the efficient segmentation of MRI images and for identification of tumor. The use of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) system to classify the brain tumor type is presented in this work. Relevant features are extracted from images and by using CNN with machine learning technique, tumor can be recognized. CNN can reduce the cost and increase the performance of brain tumor detection. The proposed work is compared to the traditional methods and the results show that the proposed method is effective in detecting tumors.
Ensuring intervention success: Assessing fit as an overlooked step of the implementation process
Authors: Blanchard Carrie M. , Livet Melanie
Published: December 2020

Ensuring fit between a service and the implementing context is a critical but often overlooked precursor of implementation success. This commentary proposes five key considerations that should be evaluated when exploring fit: alignment with needs and metrics; alignment with organizational resources and capabilities; alignment with organizational priorities and culture; alignment with reimbursement mechanisms for long-term sustainability; and alignment with the regulatory environment. Successful uptake and implementation hinges on careful planning and, most importantly, appropriate fit between the service and the implementing environment.
The Public Government: The Composition, Unity and Interaction Essence
Authors:   Chief Research Scientist of the Center for Research of Territorial Governance and Local Self-Government of the Moscow Region State University LL.D., Associate Professor, Chertkov Aleksandr N.
Published: December 2020

A systematic analysis of the category of “public authority” was carried out, including its three subsystems, as well as the components and elements of each of the subsystems from the standpoint of the implementation of the law of dialectics on the unity and struggle of opposites. A conclusion is suggested on the combination of the general unity of public authority, the internal unity of state, municipal and public authorities as subsystems of public authority with differentiation and relative autonomy of all elements and components of the public authority system. Such a dialectical combination of unity and separation of powers is achieved through the effective interaction of all components of public power. The effectiveness of interaction can also mean competition between them, provided that the constitutional values of human rights and society remain the integrative property of the system, and the interaction is aimed at ensuring the interests of the people.
Constitutional Law Aspects of the Investment Policy of Constituent Entities of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Head of the Department of Economics, Management and Humanitarian Disciplines of the I.I. Ivanov Kursk State Agricultural Academy Doctor of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Ustinovich Elena S.
Published: December 2020

Investment activity plays one of the key positions in the development of the state economy. A large number of socially and economically significant problems are solved by attracting investments in the economy of the region or the state as a whole. Effective investment processes increase the competitiveness of the subject, contribute to economic growth. Therefore, an important issue is the constitutional and legal regulation of this area of activity. The purpose of this article is a comprehensive analysis of the constitutional and legal aspects of regional investment policy in the Russian Federation. The main research method is interdisciplinary political-legal and political-economic. The use of the first allows for a comprehensive analysis of the constitutional and legal aspects of investment policy at the level of the regions of the Russian Federation. The second is to assess the state of organizational, managerial, political and legislative efforts of individual regions to develop their investment policies and create best practices.
State Sovereignty of the Russian Federation in View of Amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation Adopted in 2020
Authors:   Senior Lecturer of the Department of History of State and Law of the Saint Petersburg University of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation PhD (Law), Bredikhin Aleksey L. , Protsenko Evgeniy D. ,   Professor of the Department of State Law of the Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia LL.D.
Published: December 2020

In this article, the authors analyze the amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, adopted in 2020, with a view to their influence on the state of Russian sovereignty and note that the topic of sovereignty is central to these amendments. Researchers conclude that the amendments constitute, first and foremost, the strengthening of the sovereignty of the Russian Federation, the autonomy of state jurisdiction, and the increasing status and role of Russia in the world political system.
Regularities and Types of Evolution of the Modern Constitutional Law
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the Siberian Institute of Management — Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Ryakhovskaya Tatyana I.
Published: December 2020

Specification and clarification of the categorical-conceptual apparatus of the legal system of the Russian Federation, the nature of its emergence and change contributes to the disclosure of the possibilities of its potential, which is relevant not only for the theory of state and law, but also for constitutional law, the identification of the laws of formation and development of which, no doubt, helps to detail the category “Constitutional identity”, which is more important than ever now, during the development of international relations and international cooperation.
A Classification of Sources of Municipal Law of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Constitutional and Municipal Law of the Law Faculty of the Rostov State University of Economics (RSUE) Doctor of History, PhD (Law), Berlyavskiy Leonid G.
Published: December 2020

Understanding the corpus of sources of municipal law is closely related to the specifics of legal understanding. Supporters of a narrow understanding of the composition of the sources of municipal law attribute to them exclusively regulatory acts of the federal, regional and local levels. Supporters of a broad interpretation of the composition of the sources of municipal law make attempts to justify attributing to them a very wide range of legal phenomena: decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, judicial (administrative) precedents, acts of referenda, a legal doctrine.
The Experience of the Constitutional Development in the Russian Empire on the Territory of the Grand Duchy of Finland and the Kingdom of Poland
Authors:   Professor of the Department of State Law of the Katanov Khakass State University (KhSU) LL.D., Associate Professor, Naumkina Valentina V.
Published: December 2020

The article considers the state policy in the field of constitutional legislation in the XIX century on certain territories of the Russian state. The expansion of the state’s territory led to the presence of a heterogeneous population in terms of socio-economic development, religious beliefs, and lifestyle. The purpose of this article is to highlight the features of constitutional development in Poland and Finland. The state policy was aimed at the gradual integration of Poland and Finland into national processes. In fact, the Russian Empire recognized the effect of existing norms. The existence of regional constitutions and its own system of government contributed to the development of autonomous territories. The privileges of the population of the new territories relieved political tension. Constitutional norms of regional acts and management experience were used in carrying out state reforms.
Can a Lecturer of a Cooperative Higher Educational Institution Be a Subject of Commercial Bribery?
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Criminal and Legal Disciplines of the Putilin Belgorod Law Institute of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Lysak Nikolay V.
Published: December 2020

The article, with theoretical and practical positions, deals with the problem questions of application of item 204 of the Criminal Code of the RF concerning teachers of the co-operative higher educational institutions.
A Russian Judge Roadmap of Intellectual Dispute Consideration and Resolution
Authors:   Acting Head of the Department of Copyright, Related Rights and Private Law Disciplines of the Russian State Academy of Intellectual Property (RSAIP) LL.D., Professor Presiding Judge Emeritus of the Vladimir Regional Court, Bespalov Yuriy F.
Published: December 2020

The article presents the roadmap of the Russian judge for the consideration and resolution of intellectual disputes and other requirements in the intellectual and legal sphere. The author defines the list of actions of the judge at the stage of acceptance of the statement of claim (application) for court proceedings and at the stage of consideration and resolution of the case. The circumstances that are important for the proper consideration and resolution of an intellectual dispute include: 1) infringed intellectual property rights; 2) the substance of the violated right and its legal nature; 3) the person committed a violation of intellectual property rights; 4) the circumstances under which committed such violation; 5) whether the plaintiff is a person whose right is violated; 6) it is determined the way of protection; 7) the rules of law to be applied; 8) other, depending on the situation. Proposals were made to improve the legislation of the Russian Federation in the intellectual sphere.
The Establishment of a System of Administrative Courts in the Republic of Uzbekistan: Issues and Prospects
Authors:   Professor of the Kursk Academy of Public and Municipal Service Leading Research Scientist of the Center for Study of Public Management and Financial Law Issues of the Southwest State University LL.D., Professor, Brezhnev Oleg V.
Published: December 2020

One of the most significant results of the judicial reform that took place in 2017 in the Republic of Uzbekistan is the creation of a system of administrative courts empowered to consider cases arising from public law relations. The article shows the specificity of the model of administrative justice that has developed in this state, as well as the peculiarities of the procedure for considering administrative cases in Uzbekistan. Based on the analysis of legislation and law enforcement practice, a set of measures is proposed to further improve the system of administrative courts and administrative court proceedings in Uzbekistan: change in the territorial organization of courts; exclusion of the possibility of one court to act as different instances in a specific administrative case; clearer regulation of the rules of jurisdiction, etc.
Issues of Generating Confidence in the Court
Authors:   Head of the Department of Criminal Law of the Institute of Economics and Law of the Kurgan State University Judge Emeritus of the Kurgan Regional Court Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation LL.D., Associate Professor, Abdulin Robert S.
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the problems of forming confidence in the court. In the author’s opinion, a judge is always at the forefront of public attention, as a result of which he is obliged to constantly remain firm and can even be tough on himself in relation to the temptation to break the oath in any life situation and the fear of losing the respect and trust of not only his colleagues, but also society. Civil society in the professional and extrajudicial activities of a judge must constantly see highly significant elements of his legal and general culture. These qualities of a judge occupy a dominant position in the formation of trust and respect for the court, become its basis, an initial and continuously operating source.
The Constitutional and Legal Regulation of Migration in the Italian Republic
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of International and Public Law of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation PhD (Law), Iksanov Ilya S.
Published: December 2020

Italy became a country of immigration quite late. external factors influenced the formation of Italy’s migration policy: the expansion of regional integration within the European community and accession to international conventions. The legislation on citizenship reacted to these changes. In particular, access to citizenship was made more difficult for foreigners from countries that were not part of the European community, and it was easier for descendants of emigrants who lived abroad to acquire citizenship. Italy has one of the most modern laws on the status of foreigners, which regulates all aspects of the legal status of these persons, as well as their social adaptation, and provides for the necessary measures to prevent discrimination and xenophobia. The provisions of this act may change in the event of a change in the government coalition, but the basic approaches are unchanged: citizens of other States are considered as part of the population of Italy; foreigners who reside in the country legally are equal to its citizens; illegal migrants are legally guaranteed a certain minimum of rights and freedoms.
A review of the monograph by LL.D., Professor Alikperov Khanlar D. The Electronic Technique of Determination of a Punitive Measure (“The Electronic Scales of Justice”)
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal and Legal Disciplines of the Private Institution of Higher Education, Educational Organization Institute of Economics and Culture PhD (Law), Maslov Igor V.
Published: December 2020

The review provides additional arguments for digitizing sentencing, as well as some critical comments on the proposed algorithm’s.
Issues of Improvement of Criminal Justice in Political and Legal Ideas of O.I. Goreglyad
Authors:   Deputy Chairman of the Saratov Regional Court Degree-Seeking Student of the Department of History of State and Law of the Saratov State Law Academy, Anikanov Artem K.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the problems of the judicial system and the administration of justice in criminal cases, which are reflected in the political and legal views of the domestic legal scientist of the early ХІХ century Osip Goreglyad. His work “The experience of Russian criminal law” (1815), in which the author expressed progressive for his time judgments in the field of criminal procedure, is analyzed. The scientist paid special attention to the implementation of the principle of legality in the process of justice, the problems of judicial discretion, qualification of judges and the level of their professional legal awareness. Original and ambiguous are the judgments of O. I. Goreglyad about the use of the analogy of law in criminal proceedings. A characteristic feature of the scientist’s views on the criminal process is the desire to humanize the criminal process, in which the influence of the Enlightenment is felt. Noted the adequacy of the humanistic views O. I. Goreglyad of the criminal policy of Alexander I banned the beginning of his reign of torture, as well as limiting other debilitating measures of coercion against the defendants, in particular, the transfer from the District towns in the Provincial city were allowed to produce only in case of special need.
La (in)suficiencia del derecho: la producción de la verdad en escenarios transicionales
Authors: Muñoz Rincón Anamaría
Published: December 2020

La diferenciación entre verdad judicial y verdad histórica constituye una premisa central para la justicia transicional y, aunque esta última está hoy en día en el centro del debate global, la diferencia entre ambos tipos de verdad y el estudio de sus productos no ha recibido suficiente atención. Este trabajo examina las premisas teóricas que sustentan la distinción entre verdad judicial y verdad histórica a partir del estudio de algunos ejemplos que dejan en evidencia la porosidad de tal diferenciación y sugiere que al observar los insumos que alimentan los productos de los dos tipos de verdad las premisas no se sostienen. Por el contrario, muestra que la verdad no tiene un lugar estático de producción en el diseño institucional de las transiciones.
Doação compartilhada de oócitos no Brasil: reflexão bioética à luz do conceito de vulnerabilidade e dos Direitos Humanos dos Pacientes
Authors: Eler Kalline Carvalho Gonçalves , Sant'Anna de Oliveira Aline Albuquerque
Published: December 2020

Este estudo objetiva analisar a doação compartilhada de oócitos, autorizada pela Resolução nº 2.121/2015 do CFM. Adotou-se o referencial dos Direitos Humanos dos Pacientes, especificamente o direito à privacidade e à informação, considerando as vulnerabilidades vivenciadas pela paciente. Trata-se de pesquisa teórico-normativa, tendo sido comparados o modelo brasileiro normativo de reprodução assistida com os modelos propostos pela REDLARA e pela Autoridade de Fertilização Humana e Embriologia do Reino Unido. Concluiu-se que o reconhecimento das vulnerabilidades não inviabiliza o exercício da autonomia, mas é necessária edição de uma lei diante da insuficiência da resolução para proteger a paciente.
Laicidade do Estado e liberdade religiosa no caso do sacrifício de animais: estudo da decisão do Supremo Tribunal Federal no Recurso Extraordinário 494.601
Authors: Steinmetz Wilson
Published: December 2020

Analisam-se a decisão e os principais fundamentos no julgamento do Recurso Extraordinário 494.601 pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal, conhecido como “caso do sacrifício de animais”. Identificam-se as premissas que orientam argumentos normativos e não normativos. Conclui-se que o Supremo Tribunal Federal faz uma interpretação “fraca” do princípio constitucional da laicidade do Estado e atribui uma posição preferente ao direito fundamental à liberdade religiosa.
A ética e a vida cotidiana no tempo presente
Authors: Pedrosa José Geraldo
Published: December 2020

A ética é uma invenção do Ocidente e surge na Polis ateniense entre 500 e 400 anos a.C. num momento de lucidez na existência humana, a despeito de todo machismo e escravismo. A polis ateniense da época de Sócrates elabora quatro referenciais do ocidente: a filosofia, a ética, a educação e a política. A ética é o ideal de fundação de uma comunidade orientada pela razão, como alternativa às comunidades fundadas na tradição, nos costumes ou na religião. Uma comunidade ética seria uma comunidade ancorada na razão e na liberdade, voltada para o bem comum, para a justiça e para a felicidade individual.
Prawne i medyczne aspekty modyfikacji aktywności wszczepialnych urządzeń do elektroterapii serca u pacjentów u kresu życia
Authors: Zoń Anna Maria , Zoń Katarzyna Maria
Published: December 2020

Choroby układu krążenia przyczyniają się do prawie połowy zgonów w Polsce. Określone zaburzenia czynności serca leczone są przy pomocy wszczepialnych urządzeń do elektroterapii serca. Celem pracy jest kompleksowa analiza problematyki modyfikacji funkcji implantowanych urządzeń do elektroterapii na przykładzie dwóch z nich: stymulatora serca (PM) i kardiowertera-defibrylatora (ICD). W powyższym kontekście znaczenie ma zaakcentowanie statusu prawnego tych urządzeń oraz wyjaśnienie podstawowych kwestii medycznych (rodzaje urządzeń, występujące różnice i podobieństwa), których przedstawienie jest konieczne do prowadzenia dalszych rozważań. W tym zakresie omówiono zagadnienie modyfikacji funkcji urządzeń do elektroterapii zarówno w ujęciu prawnym, jak i medycznym. Poruszono zatem problematykę zgody uprawnionego podmiotu oraz zakresu obowiązku informacyjnego. Wskazano też, na czym może polegać modyfikacja aktywności urządzeń, z jakich przyczyn, kiedy oraz w jakim zakresie się jej dokonuje. Dodatkowo w świetle tytułowego zagadnienia rozważono, czy, a jeśli tak, to w jakich przypadkach przedmiotowa terapia może być traktowana jako uporczywa. Rozważania zostały zakończone wnioskami z przeprowadzonej analizy.
Znaczenie aktu ślubowania w służbie cywilnej w kontekście nabycia praw i obowiązków przez urzędnika
Authors: Łukaszczuk Agnieszka
Published: December 2020

Skargi indywidualne składane przez osoby pokrzywdzone naruszeniem praw człowieka w zakresie ograniczenia wolności wypowiedzi i wyrażania swoich opinii zajmują ważne miejsce w systemie orzeczniczym Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka. Przyjmując subsydiarny system ochrony wolności i praw jednostek w zakresie wolności wypowiedzi i wyrażania swoich poglądów, ETPC bada zarzuty stawiane państwu-stronie Europejskiej konwencji praw człowieka i wydaje orzeczenie z uwzględnieniem standardów wynikających z instrumentów odpowiedniej i skutecznej ochrony przez nadużyciami władz państw-stron konwencji. Rzeczpospolita przystąpiła do Europejskiej konwencji praw człowieka 26 listopada 1991 roku, ratyfikowała ją 29 stycznia 1993 roku, a następnie w drodze postanowień art. 9, 87 i 91 Konstytucji RP z 2 kwietnia 1997 roku ostatecznie ugruntowała jej miejsce w systemie powszechnie obowiązującego prawa. Konwencja stała się tym samym dokumentem zapewniającym skuteczną ochronę samodzielnego dochodzenia roszczeń przed sądami polskimi, a orzecznictwo ETPC w konkretnych sprawach znalazło odbicie nie tylko w orzeczeniach wydawanych przez sądy powszechne i administracyjne, lecz także przez Sąd Najwyższy i Trybunał Konstytucyjny.
Odmowa wpisu na listę radców prawnych na podstawie przesłanki rękojmi prawidłowego wykonywania zawodu radcy prawnego w praktyce orzeczniczej
Authors: Wikiński Marek
Published: December 2020

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie okoliczności podjęcia uchwał rad okręgowych izb radców prawnych o odmowie wpisu na listę radców prawnych na podstawie art. 24 ust. 2c zd. 1 ustawy z dnia 6 lipca 1982 roku o radcach prawnych w związku z przesłanką rękojmi prawidłowego wykonywania zawodu radcy prawnego w praktyce orzeczniczej. Każda z przesłanek wpisu na listę jest niezależna oraz równorzędna i tylko łączne ich spełnienie czyni wpis na listę możliwym. Organy samorządu radcowskiego, rozstrzygając sprawę wniosku o wpis na listę, są uprawnione do samodzielnej oceny opartej na zebranym materiale dowodowym, czy ubiegający się o wpis kandydat do zawodu radcy prawnego spełnia wszystkie przesłanki. Organy samorządu, rozstrzygając w tym zakresie, wykonują konstytucyjny obowiązek sprawowania pieczy nad należytym wykonywaniem zawodu radcy prawnego, w granicach interesu publicznego i dla jego ochrony.