bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Natureza, vida e finalismo nas notas sobre a teleologia e sobre a origem da linguagem de Nietzsche (1868-69)
Authors: Mattioli William
Published: February 2021

Resumo: Este artigo corresponde à segunda de duas partes que perfazem um estudo sobre a questão da teleologia nos apontamentos do jovem Nietzsche entre 1867 e 1869. No seu todo, o trabalho pretende oferecer uma leitura de três conjuntos de notas escritos pelo filósofo nesse período: Zu Schopenhauer, Zur Teleologie e Vom Ursprung der Sprache, com um claro enfoque nas notas sobre a teleologia, de 1868. Meu objetivo é tentar mostrar que, apesar das diversas críticas de Nietzsche à teleologia e de sua aparente adesão (via Lange) ao darwinismo, sua posição é melhor compreendida como um tipo de vitalismo, que é receptivo à ideia de uma intencionalidade inconsciente na natureza, mas que recusa explicitamente a concepção antropomorficamente inflacionada de um designer divino. Nesta segunda parte do estudo, encerro minha análise, iniciada na primeira parte, do conjunto de notas reunidas sob o título Zur Teleologie e as contextualizo no horizonte das teses defendidas por Nietzsche no texto Vom Ursprung der Sprache, escrito cerca de um ano depois.
Inheritance of cowpea resistance to Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic vírus
Authors: Silva Jeferson Araújo , Costa Antonio Félix da , Benko-Iseppon Ana Maria , Guimarães Lílian Margarete Paes , Leitão Diego Arruda Huggins de Sá , Nicoli Alessandro
Published: February 2021

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the inheritance of resistance to Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV) in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). The study was performed between parental genotypes IT85F-2687 (resistant) and 'BR-14 Mulato' (susceptible), generating F1, F2, and F7 populations and backcrosses with both parental genotypes. CABMV was inoculated on plants from all generations, which were then evaluated through visual inspection and description of characteristic symptoms. A chi-square test was performed after the phenotypic classification of all plants. A segregation proportion of 1:3 (resistant:susceptible) in population F2 and of 1:1 in population F7 was accepted, showing a recessive monogenic inheritance.
Broiler recycled litter treatments against Clostridium perfringens and enterobacteria in conventional and dark house systems
Authors: Benedet João Paulo , Perosa Fernanda Felicetti , Silva Isabela Gimenes da , Troncarelli Marcella Zampoli , Rauber Ricardo Hummes , Gomes Teane Milagres Augusto
Published: February 2021

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of quicklime and shallow fermentation applications on the reduction of Clostridium perfringens and enterobacteria in recycled poultry litter, in dark house and conventional systems. Eighty litter samples were evaluated, being divided into four groups: litter treated with quicklime in dark house; litter treated with shallow fermentation and quicklime in dark house; and litter treated with quicklime in conventional broiler house; litter treated with shallow fermentation and quicklime in conventional broiler house. Samples were collected one day before slaughter and five days after litter treatment and were subjected to the quantitative microbiological analysis of enterobacteria and C. perfringens. The bacterial load in pre-treated litter was similar between the dark house and conventional systems. The groups treated only with quicklime showed a significant reduction of enterobacteria in both systems. The reduction of C. perfringens was only observed in the litter group treated with shallow fermentation and quicklime, in conventional broiler house. The use of 500 g m-2 quicklime is the most effective method to reduce enterobacteria load in broiler litter both in the dark house and conventional broiler house systems. The combined treatment of shallow fermentation for seven days with the subsequent application of 500 g m-2 quicklime is efficient for the reduction of C. perfringens in broiler litter, in conventional broiler house.
Foster Family for Senior Citizens of the Irkutsk Region: Application of the Project Method in the Development of Social Technologies
Authors: Sedykh Olga , Zimina Ekaterina , Aranchyn Diana
Published: February 2021

In the context of the steady global trend of population ageing, social work with the elderly is becoming increasingly important. Solving problems of the elderly is becoming one of the most important tasks facing society and state social service institutions. To solve problems of the elderly there are various social service agencies, diverse innovative technologies are developed and implemented. However, despite all the efforts of the state and society to maintain the quality of life of the elderly, many elderly citizens find themselves alone and deprived of the care of their families due to various circumstances. Hence, there is a need to develop new forms of life arrangement for elderly people who need care and assistance. On the territory of the Irkutsk region, it is necessary to work with foster families to help elderly citizens, namely support them during the adaptation period. Therefore, in order to provide assistance to members of a foster family for an elderly person, a number of recommendations were made on the basis of domestic experience, and a social project «Support of a Foster Family for Elderly Citizens» was developed. This project can be implemented in a social institution.
Foreign Trade of Russia and Irkutsk Region: General Trends and Regional Specifics
Authors: Epova Natalya
Published: February 2021

At the present stage of economic development, foreign trade is of great importance for any country both in terms of expanding markets and obtaining additional profits, and in terms of increasing influence on the world market. Russia's trade turnover consists of exports and imports of different regions located in various natural and climatic zones. Analysis of the commodity and geographical structure of exports and imports of Russia and the Irkutsk region indicates the presence of certain regional characteristics. The article discusses the dynamics of changes in foreign trade at the level of the country as a whole and compares it with similar indicators of the Irkutsk region, identifies the causes of discrepancy or difference in shares of certain commodities in export and import. The positive and negative trends observed in the commodity structure in recent years are determined and the conclusion is made about the need and possible promising options for changing the commodity and geographical structure of foreign trade at the regional level and throughout the country.
Problematic Issues and Organization of the Fight against Illegal Export of Capital to Offshore Zones
Authors: Lepa Tatyana
Published: February 2021

In modern conditions, world power structures are actively looking for effective ways to minimize the risks posed by criminal schemes related to the withdrawal of capital to offshore zones. These wrongful acts have adverse economic consequences both for individual countries and for the entire world economy. They facilitate laundering of criminal money and prevent anonymous identification of sources of income for smugglers who illegally move illicit substances, drugs and weapons across borders. The article defines the notion and gives a brief history of the emergence of offshore zones and the reasons for their being in demand in the modern world. Real examples of illegal export of capital from Russia abroad are given, as well as some statistical data in dynamics on the number of cases identified and initiated by the Russian customs office. Legislative initiatives aimed at minimizing losses from criminal currency export schemes and motivating persons to return previously exported funds have been analysed. World trends in the organization of control and fight against illegal export of funds to offshore zones, also in order to prevent financing of terrorism, are considered. Options for solving problematic issues in this sphere are proposed.
Technical and Economic Assessment of the Condition of Fixed Assets and the Criterion of the Validity of Recovery Investments
Authors: Ogorodnikova Tatyana , Solomein Aleksei , Orlov Vladimir , Shipunova Irina
Published: February 2021

The article analyzes the methodology for calculating depreciation and assessing the condition of fixed assets. The absence of conditionality of the period of use and depreciation allowance of fixed assets due to their physical wear and tear in specific production conditions is revealed. Thus, it is concluded that the theoretical estimates of the condition of fixed assets do not correspond to their actual physical wear and tear. The internal contradictions of the indicator of return on capital are investigated, its inconsistency with the essence of production is revealed. The absence of a criterion for the need for renovation investment is mentioned as one of the negative consequences of the existing methodological approaches to assessing the condition of fixed assets. In order to overcome the shortcomings and negative consequences of the methodology for assessing the condition of fixed assets, the relationship between the depreciation coefficient, the technical accelerator and the integral indicator of physical wear is revealed. To characterize the dependence of the volume of production and operating costs on the physical depreciation of fixed assets, a conversion factor is substantiated and introduced. Formal models of indicators of production and return on capital are presented. They reflect partial and generalizing coefficient of conversion of fixed assets as well as the interest rate and the level of inflation. The moment of zero efficiency of fixed assets is substantiated as a criterion of necessity and timeliness of renovation investments. In addition, the concept of the period of their effective use is introduced.
Workplace Stress and Productivity: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bui Tina , Zackula Rosey , Dugan Katelyn , Ablah Elizabeth
Published: February 2021

INTRODUCTION. The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between workplace stress and productivity among employees from worksites participating in a WorkWell KS Well-Being workshop and assess any differences by gender and race.
METHODS. A multi-site, cross-sectional study was conducted to survey employees across four worksites participating in a WorkWell KS Well Being workshop to assess levels of stress and productivity. Stress was measured by the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and productivity was measured by the Health and Work Questionnaire (HWQ). Pearson correlations were conducted to measure the association between stress and productivity scores. T-tests evaluated differences in scores by gender and race.
RESULTS. Of the 186 participants who completed the survey, most reported being white (94%), female (85%), married (80%), and having a college degree (74%). A significant inverse relationship was observed between the scores for PSS and HWQ, r = -0.35, p < 0.001; as stress increased, productivity appeared to decrease. Another notable inverse relationship was PSS with Work Satisfaction subscale, r = -0.61, p < 0.001. One difference was observed by gender- males scored significantly higher on the HWQ Supervisor Relations subscale compared with females, 8.4 (2.1) vs. 6.9 (2.7), respectively, p = 0.005.
CONCLUSIONS. Scores from PSS and the HWQ appeared to be inversely correlated; higher stress scores were significantly associated with lower productivity scores. This negative association was observed for all HWQ subscales, but was especially strong for work satisfaction. This study also suggests that males may have better supervisor relations compared with females, although no gender differences were observed by perceived levels of stress.
Demographics and Incident Location of Gunshot Wounds at a Single Level I Trauma Center
Authors: Benton Blair , Watson David , Ablah Elizabeth , Lightwine Kelly , Lusk Ronda , Okut Hayrettin , Bui Thuy , Haan James M
Published: February 2021

Introduction:  Little is known surrounding the demographic and geospatial factors of firearm-related traumas in the Midwest Region.  The purpose of this study was to describe the overall incidence of firearm-related traumas and examine any racial/ethnic disparities that may exist.
Methods:  A retrospective review was conducted of all patients 14 years or older who were admitted with a gunshot wound (GSW) to a Level I trauma center between 2016 and 2017. 
Results:  Forty-nine percent of patients were Caucasian, 26.5% African American, and 19.6% Hispanic/Latino.  Hispanic/Latino patients were the youngest (25.8 ± 8.8) and Caucasians were the oldest (34.3 ± 14.1, P = 0.002).  Compared to Caucasian patients, African American (42.0%) and Hispanic/Latino (54.1%) patients were more likely to be admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) (P = 0.034) and experienced longer ICU lengths of stay (2.5 ± 6.3 and 2.4 ± 4.7, P = 0.031, respectively).  African American patients (96.0%) experienced more assaults while Caucasians were more likely to receive gunshot wounds accidentally (26.9%, P = 0.001).  More African American (86.0%) and Hispanic/Latino (89.2%) patients were injured with a handgun and Caucasians sustained the highest number of shotgun/rifle related injuries (16.1%, P = 0.012).  Most GSWs occurred in zip codes 67202, 67203, 67213, 67211, and 67214.  Geographical maps indicated that GSWs were concentrated in low-income areas and areas with high minority populations.                                                                                                                                                                                              Conclusions:  Racial differences were noted, however, unlike national trends, most of our patients were older Caucasian males.
Rapid Improvement of Pyoderma Gangrenosum Managed with IV Methylprednisolone
Authors: Downing Malia , Nguyen Tony , Barland Aly , Jibbe Atieh , Wang Ting
Published: February 2021

Here we report a case of pyoderma gangrenosum managed with immunosuppressive therapy. A 55-year-old woman presented with a one week history of several painful nodules on her hands and face that appeared abruptly. She reported similar lesions in the past that resolved without treatment. Her medical history was significant for rheumatoid arthritis for which she was not undergoing treatment due to cost. Physical exam revealed large, ulcerated nodules on the left fifth finger, right fourth finger and left cheek near nostril. Given the negative cultures, and histopathology consistent with the diagnosis of pyoderma gangrenosum, the patient was started on intravenous methylprednisolone. Within five days, the size, depth and associated pain of the ulcers had significantly improved. Therapy was changed to oral prednisone and patient continued to improve after 1 week. Pyoderma gangrenosum is an uncommon cutaneous ulcerative disease that is generally managed with immunosuppressive therapy. Topical corticosteroids may be sufficient to treat mild and local disease while systemic steroids are considered first line therapy for severe and more extensive disease. This case highlights the rapid improvement that can be achieved with systemic immunosuppressive.
Uncommon Association of Aortopulmonary Window in a Patient with Complex Univentricular Heart and CHARGE Syndrome.
Authors: Chikkabyrappa Sathish , Mahadevaiah Guruprasad , Doshi Arpan , Lee Joan , Sagiv Eyal , Buddhe Sujatha
Published: February 2021

Univentricular heart with common atrioventricular (AV) valve and aortopulmonary window (APW) are rare cardiac defects. This association has not been reported and there are only 2 cases published prior with univentricular heart and AP window. In addition, our patient has CHARGE syndrome and genetic testing was positive for CHD7 mutation supportive of this.
Basic Life Support Awareness and Knowledge in High School Students
Authors: Chilappa Rishit , Waxman Michael
Published: February 2021

INTRODUCTION. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States1. When cardiovascular disease results in cardiac arrest, the ability to perform basic life support (BLS) can change the outcome from death to survival. There is no definitive statistical data on high schoolers’ awareness of BLS.
METHODS. A survey-based research study was conducted to find high schoolers’ awareness of BLS. 105 students, primarily from Kansas City suburbs, took a survey with questions ranging from their views on whether BLS courses should be integrated into the high school curriculum to the steps they would take when a person collapses on the ground. Results were analyzed to determine the students’ knowledge of different aspects of BLS and their interest in taking a BLS course in school.
RESULTS. Over 70% of the students would take a BLS course should it be offered in a high school class. Most students answered questions regarding BLS steps correctly but lacked critical knowledge on an automated external defibrillator (AED).    
CONCLUSIONS. We have found that although over 70% of the students were aware of the basics of BLS, most students lacked knowledge on the critical aspects of BLS, such as the use of an AED. Most students recognize the importance of BLS in the high school curriculum and would acquire the skills in a high school class. We conclude that introducing a BLS course in the high school curriculum would improve the students’ knowledge and contribute to improved survival rates of victims of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest2.
Evaluating the performance of support vector machines based on different kernel methods for forecasting air pollutants
Authors: Masih Adven , Medvedev Alexander N.
Published: February 2021

The alarming level of air pollution in urban centres is an urgent threat to human health. Its consequences can be measured in terms of health issues experienced by children, an increasing numbers of heart and lung diseases, and, most importantly, the number of pollution related deaths. That is why a lot of attention has recently been paid to air pollution monitoring and prediction modelling. In order to develop prediction models, the study uses Support Vector Machines (SVM) with linear, polynomial, radial base function, normalised polynomial, and Pearson VII function kernels to predict the hourly concentration of pollutants in the air. The paper analyses the monitoring dataset of air pollutants and meteorological parameters as input variable to predict the concentrations of various air pollutants. The prediction performance of the models was assessed by using evaluation metrics, namely the correlation coefficient, root mean squared error, relative absolute error, and relative root squared error. To validate the model, the accuracy of the predictive algorithm was tested against two widely and commonly applied regression approaches called multilayer perceptron and linear regression. Furthermore, back check prediction test was performed to examine the consistency of the models. According to the results, the Pearson VII function and normalised polynomial kernel yield the most accurate results in terms of the correlation coefficient and error values to predict the concentrations of atmospheric pollutants as compared to other SVM kernels and traditional prediction models.
Защита сетевой структуры тел аппаратами для областей с выпукло-вогнутыми границам
Authors: Цициашвили Гурами Шалвович , Осипова Марина Анатольевна , Заболотский Владимир Сергеевич
Published: February 2021

В настоящей работе исследованы две стратегии защиты от посторонних объектов тел, расположенных в узлах квадратной решетки (сетевая структура тел). Речь идет о защите самодвижущимися аппаратами, перемещающимися по границе области, в которой находится сетевая структура. В работе рассмотрены не только круговые области, но и области произвольного вида, а именно, с кусочно-линейной и с выпукло-вогнутой гладкой границами. Доказано преимущество модели групповой защиты тел (аппараты движутся по границе области большого радиуса) перед моделью защиты каждого тела в отдельности (аппараты движутся по окружности диаметра равного шагу решетки). Показано, что отношение минимального количества аппаратов, используемых в индивидуальной стратегии защиты, к минимальному количеству аппаратов, используемых для групповой стратегии защиты, пропорционально линейному размеру области. Полученные результаты основаны на параметризации модели по линейному размеру области, на доказательстве асимптотических соотношений для областей с различными границами и на идее вычисления площади внутренней полосы рассматриваемых областей ширины, равной длине диагонали квадрата решетки. В свою очередь, при групповой стратегии защиты сетевой структуры тел достигается единичная вероятность обнаружения постороннего объекта, если самодвижущиеся аппараты перемещаются вдоль границы на расстоянии обзора локатора между соседними аппаратами (по траектории движения) равном удвоенному радиусу обзора. Данная задача возникает в связи с интенсивным изучением структур, порождаемых самодвижущимися частицами. При этом число самодвижущихся частиц предполагается достаточно большим, что вызывает определенные трудности при их технической реализации.
Анализ моделей календарного планирования на основе аппарата сетей Петри
Authors: Азарнова Татьяна Васильевна , Белошицкий Андрей Александрович
Published: February 2021

Календарное планирование, реализуемое на основе специальных календарных моделей, является одной из основных фаз управления проектами, оно позволяет: определять сроки выполнения работ, осуществлять бюджетирование проекта, оптимизировать ресурсное обеспечение, идентифицировать риски, меры по их упреждению и повышению качества выполнения работ. В рамках данной статьи рассматриваются проекты взаимосвязанных работ, представленные календарными сетевыми моделями. Предложены механизмы исследования календарных сетевых моделей в условиях, когда некоторые параметры выполнения работ являются стохастическими. Разработанные в рамках исследования механизмы строятся на основе применения аппарата раскрашенных сетей Петри с предикативными переходами и специфическими маркерами, представленными в виде функций случайных переменных, к анализу критических путей календарных графов. Применение инструментов сетей Петри позволяет построить модели, описывающие динамику выполнения работ проекта, и имитировать выполнение работ календарного плана проекта при определенных ограничениях или правилах распределения ресурсов между ними. Предполагается, что ресурсы, выделяемые на выполнение работ являются случайными величинами, время и качество выполнения работ являются функциями от данных случайных величин. По каждому ресурсу каждой работы задаются возможные диапазоны значений, которые при определенных предположениях о законе распределения, позволяют получить характеристики ресурсов и зависящих от них функций, как случайных величин. По результатам имитационного моделирования оцениваются временные параметры событий и работ проекта, оценивается возможность выполнения проекта в директивные сроки. В работе исследуются два варианта распределения ресурсов проекта. В соответствии с первой моделью не учитывается конкуренция между работами за распределение ресурсов, в соответствии со второй моделью, ресурсы распределяются динамично из единого цента, и с учетом случайного характера выполнения работ, может возникать дефицит ресурсов.
Обобщенное прогнозирование показателя погрузки грузов при перевозке железнодорожным транспортом
Authors: Краковский Юрий Мечеславович , Попова Наталья Николаевна
Published: February 2021

Для повышения эффективности перевозочного процесса железнодорожным транспортом большое значение имеет прогнозирование показателей этого процесса, включая погрузку грузов. Учитывая, что перевозка грузов происходит в условиях неопределенности, задача прогнозирования является не тривиальной. В работе предлагается обобщенное прогнозирование показателя погрузки грузов при перевозке железнодорожным транспортом, когда используются три модели локальных показателей погрузки грузов с различными весами, а также учитываются сценарии развития перевозочного процесса. В качестве локальных показателей выбраны: а) значение, полученное по трехфакторной модели; б) значение, полученное по факторной модели, зависящей от времени; в) точечное экспертное суждение. Весовые коэффициенты получены с помощью метода анализа иерархий, использующего экспертные суждения в виде парных сравнений. Прогнозирование на основе совокупности моделей с учетом сценариев развития перевозочного процесса, является научной новизной работы. При апробации учитывались три сценария развития перевозочного процесса на Дальневосточной железной дороге. Использованы статистические данные с 2000 года по 2018 год, прогнозирование осуществлено на 2019 год. При первом сценарии учитывались только статистические данные, при втором дополнительно использовалась экспертная информация по оптимистическому варианту, при третьем использовалась экспертная информация по пессимистическому варианту. Знание фактической погрузки позволило подсчитать значения относительной погрешности обобщенного прогнозирования погрузки грузов по каждому сценарию. Можно отметить, что обобщенное прогнозирование показывает вполне хорошие результаты по всем трем сценариям, хотя сами модели прогнозирования дают существенную погрешность. Наиболее близкое значение получено при третьем сценарии.
Кластеризация текстовой выборки, параметризованной ключевыми словами своих элементов
Authors: Головастова Элеонора Александровна , Красотин Дмитрий Николаевич
Published: February 2021

В данной работе рассмотрено решение задачи кластеризации больших объемов текстовых выборок фиксированной длины с помощью компьютерных средств обработки информации. Автоматическое разделение на группы близких по смыслу текстов является одной из важнейших задач анализа данных, так как имеет очень широкую область применения. Основное внимание в статье уделено скорости выполнения алгоритма. Для этого используется способ представления выборки, использующий в качестве набора признаков документов их ключевые слова, которые есть наиболее важные слова в тексте, набор которых может дать для читателя достаточно полное представление о его содержании. Ключевые слова определяются с помощью предварительно вычисленных значений статистической меры tf-idf, характеризующей важность каждого слова текста именно для рассматриваемого текста. Следующим этапом является непосредственно кластеризация корпуса документов. В данной работе используется модификация метода Dbscan, который является плотностным алгоритм пространственной кластеризации с присутствием шума, но здесь он интерпретируется как разновидность обхода в ширину с некоторыми ограничениями графа выборки документов. Поэтому в данной работе после определения ключевых слов элементов выборки строится инвертированный индекс для словаря корпуса текстов. Далее с помощью найденного инвертированного индекса определяется объект связей документов корпуса, который впоследствии передаётся в качестве аргумента в алгоритм Dbscan. Подобный подход к реализации поставленной задачи выбран из-за предположения о его быстродействии. Для проверки этого предположения проводится замер времени выполнения ключевых операций, значения которого приводятся в качестве иллюстрации результата тестирования предложенного метода кластеризации.
Анализ подходов к автоматическому выделению контекстных синонимов из текстов на русском языке
Authors: Полицына Екатерина Валерьевна , Полицын Сергей Александрович , Поречный Александр Сергеевич , Милованова Екатерина Евгеньевна
Published: February 2021

В статье рассматриваются проблемы определения контекстных синонимов, приводятся результаты анализа подходов к их автоматическому выделению из текстов на русском языке. Предлагается несколько подходов на основе применения лингвистических алгоритмов определения в тексте похожих семантико-синтаксических конструкций и их сочетания с методами машинного обучения. Анализируются полученные результаты применения алгоритмов на основе морфологического, синтаксического и семантического анализа текста, фильтрации полученных результатов путем использования ключевых слов и применения различных средств кластеризации. В заключении делаются выводы о применимости реализованных подходов и определяются направления развития сочетания этих подходов.
Comparative Study of Male Female Disparity in Literacy of Purulia and North 24 Parganas District in West Bengal
Authors: Aritra Chakraborty Chandra Shekhar Sarkar,
Published: February 2021

The present article focuses on a comparative study of the male-female disparity in literacy of two districts Purulia and North 24 Parganas in West Bengal, India. The Census data of 2011 has been used in this regard. The literacy rate has been calculated for the population above six-year, and Sopher’s Disparity index (1974) has been applied to measure the male-female disparity in literacy. The study examines the block-level male-female disparity in literacy among non-Schedule Caste (none-SC ST), Scheduled Castes (SC), and Scheduled Tribes (ST). The study highlights that North 24 Parganas is far ahead in terms of literacy than Purulia district. However, there is wide variation in block-level male-female disparity in literacy among the three-caste groups in both the districts. In block-level, the Bundwan block of Purulia district and Barasat-I and Deganga block of North 24 Parganas district occupies a remarkable place in terms of the male-female disparity in literacy among each three-caste group. Conversely, Jhalda-II block in Purulia and Hingalganj block of North 24 Parganas is the most backward block in terms of the male-female disparity in literacy among the all-caste groups. Although the Central and the State Government have taken various schemes to enhance literacy rates and eliminated the male-female disparity in education, more suitable steps need to be followed to implement appropriate measures towards education, especially for the women and other marginalised sections of the society.
Quintessence in Ruling the Nation in the History of Vietnam
Authors: Dr. Quang Nguyen Van Dr. Thanh Nguyen Hai,
Published: February 2021

Quintessence in ruling the nationis the typical features, becoming the culture and traditions of the nation, converging in the spirit, ideology, and personalities of a leader. The State governance by wisdom in Vietnamese history is associated with the consistency in ideology and people-based actions; putting national interests above personal interests; gracious, tolerant attitudes; promoting the spirit of great national solidarity; taking great importance to study ethics, taking significant advantage towards gifted people and practicing democracy widely. In order to practice the state governance by wisdom, the leaders need to put the national interests and national interests as the ultimate, constantly consolidating and promoting the strength of the great national solidarity, at the same time promoting the roles of the leader as well as well performing the work of cadres.
How Proactive Personality Mediates the Relationship between Parental Involvement and Career Decision Self-Efficacy
Authors: Puji Lestari Suharso Rahmi Ramadhani,
Published: February 2021

In this study, the role of a proactive personality as a mediator in the relationship between parental involvement and self-efficacy in high school students’ career decisions was examined. The participants included 758 grade 11 students in Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi (Jabodetabek). The instrument that used in this study are Career Decision Self-Efficacy Scale Short Form (CDSES-SF), Parent Career Behavior Checklist (PCBC), and Proactive Personality Scale (PPS). The results revealed that a proactive personality partially mediates the relationship between parental support and parental action with self-efficacy in career decisions. Furthermore, parental support and parental action directly influence self-efficacy in career decisions.
The Intervention of Physical Games in Teaching English Grammar to Secondary School Students: A Review with Special Reference to the Secondary School Pupil in Puducherry, India.
Authors: Jeyasakthi V., Velmurugan K. Smrutisikta Mishra,
Published: February 2021

Language is the primary means of human communication and Grammar is a significant feature of it to be excelled with. The teaching of English Grammar has evolved through phases from Grammar Translation Method to Computer Assisted Language Learning and deductive and inductive methods. Though English teachers attempt various methods to teach grammar, children tend to play rather than sit tight in class.Thus, there are considerable recent studies involving various indoor and outdoor games to teach English Grammar effectively. This current paper aims to bring to light the importance and efficacy of involving physical games to teach grammar to secondary school children. Games make children physically active and mentally alert. Things learned through games are unconsciouslycaptured and never forgotten. This paper focuses on the advantages of involving physical games to teach grammar to highly active teenagers and track their gradual increase in optimism towards learning a second language.
Development of a Contextual Based on E-learning (CBE) Model: The Effectiveness of Virtual Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic for Health Policy Subjects
Authors: Et al. Reno Renaldi
Published: February 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has brought about major changes in the learning process. This encourages us to develop a learning system during the pandemic. The Public Health Policy course is one of the conventional learning processes that are still memorized system so that it is deemed ineffective and needs a development model. The purpose of this research was to develop a Contextual Based Learning model (CBE) in the Health Policy course. This study used the Research and Development method (RnD). There are three stages of developing this CBE model, namely: design, development, and implementation. A total of 42 participants came from public health students who were divided into small groups (10 participants) and large groups (32 participants). Data analysis techniques consisted of validity and reliability tests, expert tests, practice tests, and model effectiveness tests. The forms of developing the CBE model are instrument assessment, model validation, module assessment, handbook student and handbook lecturer, and the development of an e-learning model. The results showed that the validity value of the development product was 0.7 (valid category). The practical test in the small group obtained an average value of 86.11 (very good practice category), while in the large group an average value of 84.97 (good practice category) was obtained. The effectiveness of developing the CBE model was sig<0.005. Conclusion. The development of the CBE model is considered effective in improving the learning process in health policy subjects.
Conceptual Bases of Full Realization of Women's Labour and Entrepreneurial Activity
Authors: Et al. Zulfiqarova Dilfuza Gulomjanovna
Published: February 2021

Today, the problem of poverty has emerged as a global problem in all countries of the world. Due to the difference in economic development, poverty is different and has a relative meaning. Prevention and reduction of poverty and improving the quality of life of the people, increasing the interest and aspirations of women in women's entrepreneurship, creating favorable conditions for the development of their entrepreneurial activities are the main foundations of today's reforms. In a country where there is a gap between the incomes of the population, it is clear that there will be poor people. Therefore, poverty cannot be eradicated, but it can be reduced through the development of entrepreneurship. The poverty rate is inversely proportional to the economic level of the country, i.e., in developed economies, the poverty rate is low, and in weak economies it is high. The whole world has turned its attention to solving this problem.

The accession of the Republic of Uzbekistan to global economic processes requires more active participation of women in the economic life of the country. Entrepreneurship is becoming an independent factor of women's sexual freedom in the economic sphere. At a time when society is renewing and entering the world economy, the development of women's entrepreneurship is encouraged. This is the main source of development of the real sector of the economy.

Through the socio-economic development of women's entrepreneurship, it is possible to observe a certain positive effect on achieving sustainable economic development of the country, especially in the prevention of poverty. This article highlights the role of women's entrepreneurship in the country's economy and the problems in its development and their solutions, conclusions and recommendations.
Sustainability of the Smart phone applications usage in rural India –An empirical study
Authors: Dennis Joseph Souvik Roy,
Published: February 2021

The Indian smart phone applications market is really flourishing with India ranked as number one in terms of the downloads made via Android and Google play store. However the smart phone application penetration is still low in rural India as compared to its urban part. This study is first of its kind which tries to explore two things, one the reasons, why rural Indian market is not growing in terms of smart phone application downloads/usage and second  some antecedents that can affect the behavioral intention of rural customers for increased smart phone application usage. For this study authors resorted to ethnographic in-depth interview during pre-test stage followed by collecting of responses through administrated questionnaires in the second part. Around 346 responses were collected from ten villages in Rangareddy district in Telangana state, in India. SEM was used as the statistical tool to run the hypothesis. In terms of smart phone application development, this study is unique one which tries to throw light immensely on how the marketers/developers can increase the sustainability of smart application usage among rural consumers which happens to be an untouched profitable segment till this point of time.
Social Implications of the Social Media Use by Students with Disabilities at the University of Jordan: Facebook as a Model
Authors: Et al. Hisham A. Almakanin
Published: February 2021

This study aimed to measure the benefits of using the social media website as perceived by students with disabilities at the University of Jordan. The sample consisted of 150 students with disabilities and used a 5-point Likert scale to rank the perceived benefits on a 12-item survey. On average, the students indicated that using social media websites provided a moderate level of social benefits.  In contrast, the students indicated that social media websites provided a high level of social benefit for increasing the number of new friends, deepening their relationship with others who have a disability or who are concerned with disabilities, and identifying societal attitudes toward disability and disability support services.
New Technology of Cotton Sowing
Authors: Aypara Djoldasova Kurbanova, Gafurjan Israilovich Muhamedov Kamaridin Urinovich Komilov,
Published: February 2021

The possibility of using bulk waste of the chemical industry - phosphogypsum as a useful resource is considered. The results of scientific research and practical experience convincingly proved the technical feasibility and feasibility of using phosphogypsum in the national economy instead of traditional types of natural raw materials. A brief description of phosphogypsum, promising areas for its processing, and some statistics are presented.

The article is about the use of chemical ameliorant based on phosphogypsum for effective feedingin various soil and climatic zones for cereals, vegetables, industrial and other crops, to increase the yield of cotton and the technological quality of its fiber. That the use of phosphogypsum as a chemical ameliorant improves the chemical, physical and water-physical properties of saline soils.

The article describes a new technology of cotton sowing in the conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The technology of soil treatment and methods of measuring for preventing crust formation are analyzed. The used mechanisms, units and are justified.
Lexical Borrowing in Tourism Terminology
Authors: Et al. Yakubova Noira
Published: February 2021

The article studied borrowing in replenishing the terminology fund of the tourism sector showed that it was most widely used in the Uzbek language, and most of the terms are borrowed from the English language, which can be attributed to the typological line of the Russian language. The predominance of English terms in Uzbek and Russian terminology is explained primarily by extralinguistic factors: the development of the tourism sector takes place with an orientation towards foreign experience, and tourism as a branch of the economy is highly developed in English-speaking countries, therefore the terms serving it are anglicisms that are most universal and meet the needs of this moment of development of the tourism industry.
Formation of Worldwide in the Young Generation
Authors: Mardiyeva Dilrabo Nuriddinovna, Bozorova Madina Mahmudovna Fayziyeva Yulduz Yusupovna,
Published: February 2021

This article summarizes the views of Eastern and Western thinkers on the formation of the worldview of young people, the formation of the development of the scientific worldview. Thus, the formation of the worldview of the younger generation in the age of information technology and the factors that contribute to it are theoretically based.
Factors for the Development of Social Infrastructure of Small Towns Today
Authors: Et al. Kayumov Kahramon Nozimjonovich
Published: February 2021

This article mainly focuses on the factors of development of the social infrastructure of small towns, the history of the study. At the same time, it also explores the policies for the effective integration of small towns into the structure of the environment, cultural life, aesthetic, historical, scientific, social or spiritual values used in the past, present and future generations, and the effective development of social infrastructure.
Literary Traditions of Mahtimkuli in Modern Turkish Poetry
Authors: Kurbanmuradovna Gaylieva Ogulbay
Published: February 2021

This article examines the problems of the literary impact of the works of a Turkmen poet of the XVIII century Maktymkuly Pyragy on the work of subsequent Turkic writers, and at the same time on the works of modern Uzbek, Karakalpak and Turkmen writers. Literary traditions and the development of Maktymkuly’s work are also comparatively studied, especially in the lyrics of the Karakalpak poet I. Yusupov, the Uzbek poet H. Askarov and the Turkmen poet G. Gurbannepesov.
Artificial Intelligence on Future Aspects
Authors: Et al. Dr. Indradeep Verma
Published: February 2021

As Artificial Intelligence(AI) is emerging in this century,it can be seen as it is going to take most of the humans’ tasks soon.Artificial Intelligence is widely used in all the fields whether it is medical field,research field,automatic vehicle system,Business models of market,weather forecasting and much more.If the future prospects of AI to be highlighted, then the main focus are on how AI will impact on lifestyle of people and how will our society and industries going to change.In this research paper,the AI growth and its applications will be highlighted in three phases.In the first phase the past events of AI and its growth is discussed,the second phase covers the present event and applications of AI and in the last phase,the future(after 10 years) aspects and its applications will be highlighted.As the world is growing in the fast pace and the information technology field is shaping every context of market and research.
Positive Impacts of Covid-19 Pandemic on Various Aspects
Authors: Sharma Aditya
Published: February 2021

During the year 2020, our globe has faced a disastrous monster in the form of a microscopic virus. Innumerable lives have suffered across various countries and the loss is indeterminable. Sadness, grief, fear and anxiety has taken over all families of those suffering from the deadly virus. The virus has changed the outlook to most aspects. Even in the past, pandemics and infectious diseases as such have put humans in a position to initiate their world anew. The corona pandemic seems to have similar consequences. Apart from the boredom, helplessness, uncertainty of the future, nations also battle against various other issues like economic crises and climatic changes.  Living through the pandemic, even though our worlds have shrunk to our house mates and our laptops, but the entire globe stands in it together fighting the common enemy. And more importantly, the pandemic has also brought in some positive changes into the lives of the people as well as on different nations as a whole. The objective of this article is to draw your attention towards the positive impacts of the Covid 19 pandemic. Despite the various drawbacks of the global pandemic, it has also helped our nation and the whole world in various ways.
Response and Coping Measures of Various Countries to Attenuate the Spread of Covid-19
Authors: Altaf Alifya
Published: February 2021

The headlines of the year, the coronavirus pandemic is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) also popularly known as covid 19.The news of the outbreak first originated from Wuhan, China in 2019 December.

The modes by which the virus can spread are various, including small droplets released into the surrounding on coughing sneezing or talking.These small droplets land on various surfaces or any object known as fomites and in some cases can also remain in the air as suspended particles infecting many others breathing the same.On touching these contaminated surfaces, most people acquire the virus on their hands which can enter the body when these unwashed hands are bought to face.The virus is capable of spreading thoughout the course of infection or even before one has developed symptoms but it is the most communicable during the first three days of infection. In some cases, patients may remain asymptomatic but can still spread the virus to other healthy contacts.

The virus is manifested in the form of influenza-like symptoms mostly as fever and cough. Some also complain of shortness of breath and loss of sense of taste and smell.Complicationsscan occur like pneumonia with severe shortness of breathandalso acuterespiratorydistresssyndrome.The incubation period, which is the time taken for the symptoms to appear from the day of entry of the virus into ones symptoms is 5 days but can also range from around 2 to 14 days. Vaccines and definitive treatment are still undergoing human trials but none are known to show any proven cure. Primarytreatmentsissymptomaticandsupportivetherapy.
Pathophysiology Of Corona Virus Infection and COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dr. Swaroopa Chakole Bhavesh Surkar,
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

The new entrant in the coronavirus family named novel coronavirus or SARS-COV-2 cases the COVID-19 which has proven deadly surpassing the one million deaths mark due to the said disease.

SUMMARY

The COVID-19 is wreaking havoc in all parts of the world and needs constant monitoring to establish some trends in order to device containment plans. The study of its epidemiology and pathophysiology is crucial as the viral strain is new and chance of mutation is high among it. Diagnosis and identifying the infected person must be followed by proper treatment in order to cure him and stop the viral spread. Clinical management and if required post treatment management of the infected person should be handled carefully as some patients with comorbidities are prone to severe symptoms.

CONCLUSION

More study needs to be done in order to constantly aligned the plan according to the clinical conditions. From non-pharmacological interventions to immune booster diet all the measures must be employed if it helps but only after establishing proper positive correlation between its effectiveness and treatment.