bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heroin overdose masquerades as methomyl poisoning: a case report
Authors: Amornlertwatana Yutti , Narongchai Paitoon , Narongchai Siripun
Published: November 2019

Background

Methomyl is the most common cause of suicidal death but heroin is the most common cause of accidental death. The problem is to determine the exact cause and manner of death between methomyl or heroin toxicity. The evidence from autopsy includes crime scene investigation, toxicological analysis by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry, and knowledge of methomyl and heroin intoxication.

Case presentation

A 35-year-old Thai man and a 30-year-old Thai woman were found showing evidence of cyanosis, with a fine froth around the nose and mouth. Postmortem interval time was 24 hours. According to the police’s and hotel owner’s records, the couple stayed together for 1 day before being found dead in bed, naked, with a foul and a fine froth around the nose and mouth. A methomyl insecticide sachet and a plastic box containing white powder form of heroin were found at the scene. Laboratory tests of the male corpse identified the presence of methomyl in the blood of the stomach and morphine, codeine, methadone, and tramadol in the systemic blood. Blood cholinesterase enzyme activity and morphine concentration was 3416 U/L or 53% (normal 6400 U/L) and 0.058 μg/ml respectively. Laboratory test of the female corpse identified the presence of methomyl in the stomach and blood, and cholinesterase enzyme activity was 1965 U/L or 30.7%.

Conclusions

Cause of death of the male corpse was deemed to be due to heroin intoxication as the blood concentration of morphine was more than the lethal concentration with a morphine/codeine ratio of more than 1:1. Methomyl intoxication of the male corpse was unlikely to be the cause of death because methomyl systemic blood concentration was found to be very low, < 2.5 μg/ml, and cholinesterase enzyme levels did not indicate lethal activity (< 10–15% of normal). The main problem regarding an insurance claim is that the policy will not pay out in the case of heroin-associated deaths, as it is an addictive drug. The policy would pay out on death by suicide with methomyl insecticide, which was not prohibited by the insurance company after 1 year of insurance. So, it is not clear whether or not the family will receive money from the insurance company.
Bedside breath tests in children with abdominal pain: a prospective pilot feasibility study
Authors: Wong David C. , Relton Samuel D. , Lane Victoria , Ismail Mohamed , Goss Victoria , Bytheway Jane , West Robert M. , Deuchars Jim , Sutcliffe Jonathan
Published: November 2019

Background

There is no definitive method of accurately diagnosing appendicitis before surgery. We evaluated the feasibility of collecting breath samples in children with abdominal pain and gathered preliminary data on the accuracy of breath tests.

Methods

We conducted a prospective pilot study at a large tertiary referral paediatric hospital in the UK. We recruited 50 participants with suspected appendicitis, aged between 5 and 15 years. Five had primary diagnosis of appendicitis. The primary outcome was the number of breath samples collected. We also measured the number of samples processed within 2 h and had CO2≥ 3.5%. Usability was assessed by patient-reported pain pre- and post-sampling and user-reported sampling difficulty. Logistic regression analysis was used to predict appendicitis and evaluated using the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC).

Results

Samples were collected from all participants. Of the 45 samples, 36 were processed within 2 h. Of the 49 samples, 19 had %CO2≥ 3.5%. No difference in patient-reported pain was observed (p = 0.24). Sampling difficulty was associated with patient age (p = 0.004). The logistic regression model had AUROC = 0.86.

Conclusions

Breath tests are feasible and acceptable to patients presenting with abdominal pain in clinical settings. We demonstrated adequate data collection with no evidence of harm to patients. The AUROC was better than a random classifier; more specific sensors are likely to improve diagnostic performance.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov,NCT03248102. Registered 14 Aug 2017.
Analyzing the microstructure and related properties of 2D materials by transmission electron microscopy
Authors: Chang Yun-Yeong , Han Heung Nam , Kim Miyoung
Published: November 2019

Two-dimensional materials such as transition metal dichalcogenide and graphene are of great interest due to their intriguing electronic and optical properties such as metal-insulator transition based on structural variation. Accordingly, detailed analyses of structural tunability with transmission electron microscopy have become increasingly important for understanding atomic configurations. This review presents a few analyses that can be applied to two-dimensional materials using transmission electron microscopy.
Biometric recognition of newborns and infants by non-contact fingerprinting: lessons learned
Authors: Saggese Steven , Zhao Yunting , Kalisky Tom , Avery Courtney , Forster Deborah , Edith Duarte-Vera Lilia , Almada-Salazar Lucila Alejandra , Perales-Gonzalez Daniel , Hubenko Alexandra , Kleeman Michael , Chacon-Cruz Enrique , Aronoff-Spencer Eliah
Published: November 2019

Despite years of effort, reliable biometric identification of newborns and young children has remained elusive. In this paper, we review the importance of trusted identification methods, the biometric landscape for infants and adults, barriers and success stories, and we discuss specific failure modes particular to young children. We then describe our approach to infant identification using non-contact optical imaging of fingerprints. We detail our technology development history, including Human-Centered Design methods, various iterations of our platform, and how these iterations addressed failure modes in the identification process. We close with a brief description of our clinical trial of newborns and infants at an urban hospital in Mexico and report preliminary results that show high accuracy, with matching rates consistent with acceptable field-performance for reliable biometric identification in large populations.
The current global situation for tuberculous meningitis: epidemiology, diagnostics, treatment and outcomes
Authors: Seddon James A , Tugume Lillian , Solomons Regan , Prasad Kameshwar , Bahr Nathan C ,   Tuberculous Meningitis International Research Consortium
Published: November 2019

Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) results from dissemination of M. tuberculosis to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and meninges. Ischaemia, hydrocephalus and raised intracranial pressure frequently result, leading to extensive brain injury and neurodisability. The global burden of TBM is unclear and it is likely that many cases are undiagnosed, with many treated cases unreported. Untreated, TBM is uniformly fatal, and even if treated, mortality and morbidity are high. Young age and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are potent risk factors for TBM, while Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination is protective, particularly in young children. Diagnosis of TBM usually relies on characteristic clinical symptoms and signs, together with consistent neuroimaging and CSF parameters. The ability to confirm the TBM diagnosis via CSF isolation of M. tuberculosis depends on the type of diagnostic tests available. In most cases, the diagnosis remains unconfirmed. GeneXpert MTB/RIF and the next generation Xpert Ultra offer improved sensitivity and rapid turnaround times, and while roll-out has scaled up, availability remains limited. Many locations rely only on acid fast bacilli smear, which is insensitive. Treatment regimens for TBM are based on evidence for pulmonary tuberculosis treatment, with little consideration to CSF penetration or mode of drug action required. The World Health Organization recommends a 12-month treatment course, although data on which to base this duration is lacking. New treatment regimens and drug dosages are under evaluation, with much higher dosages of rifampicin and the inclusion of fluoroquinolones and linezolid identified as promising innovations. The inclusion of corticosteroids at the start of treatment has been demonstrated to reduce mortality in HIV-negative individuals but whether they are universally beneficial is unclear. Other host-directed therapies show promise but evidence for widespread use is lacking. Finally, the management of TBM within health systems is sub-optimal, with drop-offs at every stage in the care cascade.
Strategic marketing
Authors: Наумов Владимир , Naumov Vladimir
Published: November 2019

The textbook outlines the main issues relating to the strategic behavior of production and trading companies, primarily the choice of marketing strategies and the process of their implementation to achieve the strategic goals.
The classification of market and marketing strategies as a holistic hierarchical system that allows you to create an algorithm for strategic planning of enterprises. Strategic models of growth of the companies offered by various authoritative experts in the field of strategic management and marketing are stated. Methodical bases of development of the strategic plan of marketing, carrying out marketing controlling with use of financial and marketing indicators are in detail enough shined.
Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation.
For undergraduates of economic universities, studying in the areas of 38.04.01 "Economics", 38.04.02 "Management", 38.04.06 "trade" (master's degree), but can also be useful in the preparation of bachelors in the direction of 38.03.02 "Management" in accordance with professional standards " Specialist in strategic and tactical planning and organization of production "(UTV. by the order of the Ministry of labour and social protection of the Russian Federation of September 8, 2014 No. 609n) and "Marketer" (reg. No. 1134, UTV. June 4, 2018 No. 366n).
Psychological and pedagogical support for the family of a child with disabilities
Authors: Стребелева Елена , Strebeleva Elena , Мишина Галина , Mishina Galina
Published: November 2019

The textbook presents modern theoretical views, practical methods of studying parent-child relations, organizational forms and content of family support, raising a child of early and preschool age with disabilities, in different conditions (in medical and educational organizations).
Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation.
For students of higher educational institutions studying in the areas of training "Psychological and pedagogical education", "Special (defectological) education", "Clinical psychology". It can also be used by practitioners of medical and preschool educational organizations.
Resource and energy saving in foundry production (2 izd)
Authors: Вагин Геннадий , Vagin Gennadiy , Коровин Валерий , Korovin Valeriy , Леушин Игорь , Leushin Igor' , Лоскутов Алексей , Loskutov Aleksey
Published: November 2019

The textbook describes the legal and regulatory framework of resource and energy saving; technological schemes of foundries and consumers of their energy resources; describes the methods of compiling energy balances and rationing energy costs. Much attention is paid to the methods of reducing energy costs and the choice of resource-and energy-saving technologies for melting metals.
Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation.
Designed for students studying in the areas of training 22.03.02 and 22.04.02 "metallurgy". It can be useful to industrial workers engaged in the operation of foundries and workshops.
Optimizing Day-Ahead Electricity Market Prices: Increasing the Total Surplus for Energy Exchange Istanbul
Authors: Derinkuyu Kursad , Tanrisever Fehmi , Kurt Nermin , Ceyhan Gokhan
Published: November 2019

Problem definition: We design a combinatorial auction to clear the Turkish day-ahead electricity market, and we develop effective tabu search and genetic algorithms to solve the problem of matching bidders and maximizing social welfare within a reasonable amount of time for practical purposes. Academic/practical relevance: A double-sided blind combinatorial auction is used to determine electricity prices for day-ahead markets in Europe. Considering the integer requirements associated with market participants’ bids and the nonlinear social welfare objective, a complicated problem arises. In Turkey, the total number of bids reaches 15,000, and this large problem needs to be solved within minutes every day. Given the practical time limit, solving this problem with standard optimization packages is not guaranteed, and therefore, heuristic algorithms are needed to quickly obtain a high-quality solution. Methodology: We use nonlinear mixed-integer programming and tabu search and genetic algorithms. We analyze the performance of our algorithms by comparing them with solutions commercially available to the market operator. Results: We provide structural results to reduce the problem size and then develop customized heuristics by exploiting the problem structure in the day-ahead market. Our algorithms are guaranteed to generate a feasible solution, and Energy Exchange Istanbul has been using them since June 2016, increasing its surplus by 448,418 Turkish liras (US$128,119) per day and 163,672,570 Turkish liras (US$46,763,591) per year, on average. We also establish that genetic algorithms work better than tabu search for the Turkish day-ahead market. Managerial implications: We deliver a practical tool using innovative optimization techniques to clear the Turkish day-ahead electricity market. We also modify our model to handle similar European day-ahead markets and show that performances of our heuristics are robust under different auction designs.
The Representation of Reunion 212 in Indonesian Online Media
Authors: Ibnus Nizar
Published: November 2019

Reunion 212 which is the action of a series of previous actions was reported by many media in Indonesia. Each media portrays the action differently. This critical discourse analysis attempts to uncover the practice of power in Indonesian online media regarding the rally. Data were analyzed using van Dijk discourse analysis approach which consisted of text analysis, social cognition, and social context. The findings reveal that CNN Indonesia.com is more concerned about the adverse effects of the action and the purpose of the action which is considered politically charged, while Republika Online brings more humanist themes but also does not deny the potential political purpose behind the action. The themes are supported by certain lexical and discourse strategies. Moreover, the power practice is more visible in CNN Indonesia.com which attempts to convince readers that the action is bad and orientates itself more toward political purposes. While the news from Republika Online is more informative and only contains the good side of the action.
Acne in aesthetics: a common skin condition and the practitioner's role in helping
Authors: Hubbard Kev
Published: November 2019

This article will provide a general overview of the pathophysiology of acne presentations that may be seen in aesthetic practice, as well as common problems associated with acne. Some of the common treatment modalities that can be used in aesthetic practice will then be discussed. By doing this, the author hopes that aesthetic practitioners will be more confident and more able to manage clients with this potentially debilitating condition.
Research Roundup
Authors: Mcgloin Claudia
Published: November 2019

In this regular feature, aesthetic nurse Claudia McGloin presents a brief synopsis of a range of recently published articles on medical aesthetics. Research roundup aims to provide an overview, rather than a detailed summary and critique, of the papers selected. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided at the end of each study summary
The aesthetics journey: prescribing and the new practitioner
Authors: Dennison Tracey
Published: November 2019

Much has been said regarding practitioners prescribing for patients and for others. Tracey Dennison explores the unique set of challenges a practitioner can face in aesthetics, while touching on the guidelines surrounding this and safe, ethical practice
The European Utopia in Zweig’s Brazil. A Land of the Future
Authors: Fontanals David
Published: November 2019

The publication in 1941 of Stefan Zweig’s Brazil. A Land of the Future (Brasilien. Ein Land der Zukunft) was met both with great enthusiasm and harsh criticisms. Many reviewers thought that Zweig’s view of the country was too exotic, naive, idealistic, utopian, and even the result of the propaganda efforts carried out by the Vargas administration. In an attempt to understand and bridge the gap between Zweig’s idea of Brazil and the country’s «reality», this article analyzes the text hand in hand with Zweig’s memoirs and other of his non-fiction works from the perspective of his utopian thinking and ethical commitment to the notions of freedom, peace, cosmopolitanism, tolerance, and common understanding.
Documentos existentes em Portugal sobre Fernão de Magalhães e as suas viagens
Authors: Garcia José Manuel
Published: November 2019

In this work we systematically inventory the documentation existing in Portugal about Ferdinand Magellan in his time, which is located almost in its entirety in the National Archive of Torre do Tombo. For each document discussed, there are footnotes indicating some of the works in which it was published. In this survey, we present the testimonies organised by thematic grouping and chronological order, demonstrating the importance of these documents as a means of exploring with the greatest possible rigor a clear understanding of the life and travels of Ferdinand Magellan.
O glossário malaio do cavaleiro Pigafetta
Authors: Thomaz Luís Filipe F. R.
Published: November 2019

Of the many texts that narrate the first circumvention of the globe, it is, in fact, Antonio Pigafetta’s that is the most complete, rigorous, and reliable. Among its peculiarities is the inclusion of small glossaries for four different languages from tribes the travellers met. One is comprised of only eight words, from indigenous people of Brazil in the región of Guanabara; another, somewhat more developed, is from the “Patagonian Giants”, neighbouring the Strait of Magellan; the third is an Austronesian language of the natives of Cebu, in what is now the Philippines; and, finally, there is an extensive glossary of 426 Malay terms used throughout Insulindia, or present-day South-East Asea, as a lingua franca or trading language. The following is a detailed notation for the Malayan glossary.
Conflict Management in Indonesia: Policy Perspective and Analysis
Authors: Arjon Sugit
Published: November 2019

This article focuses to analyze the roots of violence and this article examines at case studies from Indonesia. This article also aims at answering the effectiveness of policy in the conflict management by analysing the critical factors that involved in violent conflicts and briefly seek alternative solution to prevent it to happen in the future. This article aims to answer two central questions, firstly, how effective the Indonesian government policy on security and conflict. Secondly, what are the roles of NGOs to support the effectiveness of the policy on security and conflict. To prevent the future conflicts, there are three effective strategies that can be implemented and it need the collaboration between the policymakers and society. First, to design an effective early warning mechanism which able to inform a potential friction that can escalate to bigger conflict. Second, an effective policy to prevent conflict, to manage conflict, and peace building mechanisms in post-conflict. Third, urge the participation of non-state actors in conflict management. The Indonesian government and house of representatives have passed the bill on social conflict management written as Law No. 7/2012 or known as UU PKS. However, UU PKS arguably leaves plenty of loopholes. Moreover, the activities of NGOs on the conflict management can be divided into two main categories: public engagement and advocacy. Public engagement activities focus on services to the public while on the advocacy focuses to maintain communication and put pressure to the government. In public engagement activities, the NGOs offer the service to provide psychological and legal assistance, consulting the victims rights, consulting, legal advice, psychosocial support to the victims. Moreover, in the advocacy approach, the NGOs maintain the discussion and lobby to the government to ensure the peace and justice in law enforcement.
Employment Opportunities And Human Resources Development In Digital Era: A Case Study In Industrial Sector
Authors: Asiati Devi , Aji Gutomo Bayu , Ningrum Vanda , Ngadi Ngadi , Triyono Triyono , Kurniawan Fuat Edi , Aruan Norman Luther , Purba Yanti Astrelina
Published: November 2019

Transformation of digitalization in large industries has an impact on the automation of production equipment, including the replacement of production machines from conventional machines (manual) to digital machines. Meanwhile, automation of production equipment requires workers with higher skills, in fact the existing workforce does not have expertise in carrying out all-digital equipment. The impact is a reduction in labor (layoffs). Machine replacement is done in stages so that the reduction of workforce (PHK) in bulk is not visible. However, the inconsistency between the preparation in the world of education and the needs in the world of work continues to occur today. Until now, vocational development based on local resources has not been operating optimally and needs serious attention from the local government. The government on various occasions mentioned four leading sectors that will be strengthened in the development of vocational institutions, namely maritime, tourism, agriculture (food security), and the creative industry. In addition, the government is also developing a policy scheme for Skill Development Funds (SDF), which is a skills improvement program for workers affected by automation (PHK), including through Vocational Training Center (BLK).
A debreceni kulturális elit integráltsága
Authors: Béres Zsuzsa
Published: November 2019

I research the culture and the cultural elite of the centre of the east region and the most prominent in the cultural activity. Speaking about the cultural elite, the most important question is the function of the elite. I think, that the function of the elite is the participation in the social integration. The cultural elite originate communities, which should be the basis of the integration. My study focuses to this communities and their connections with the elite.
A Debreceni Helyi Vasút és a Debrecen-Nyírbátor Vasút Részvénytársaság bombakárai 1944. június 2-án
Authors: Horváth Attila
Published: November 2019

Debrecen’s marshalling yard and railway facilities were dealt with an over whelming air raid by the US Air Force on 2 June 1944. As the result of the attack, the town also sustained major damage. However, out of the keyparts of the industrial and transport infrastructure, only Debrecen’s transport company sustained irreparable damage. In my study, with the help of archive resources, I represent the lines and sites of the Debrecen Local Railway and the Debrecen Nyírbátor Railway Public Limited Company, the catastrophic bombing damage of 2 June 1944, the aftermath of the bombing, and the steps take into restart transport.
Continuing Medical Education Questions: November 2019
Authors: Moawad Fouad J.
Published: November 2019

Article Title: Opioid-Induced Foregut Dysfunction
Continuing Medical Education Questions: November 2019
Authors: Lustbader Ian
Published: November 2019

Article Title: Morbidity and Mortality Following Surgery for Non-Malignant Colorectal Polyps: A 10-Year Nationwide Analysis
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON SHEAR STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL-ROCK MIXTURES
Authors: Zhou Zhijun , Han Dandan , Yu Wei , Dong Yaqin
Published: November 2019

The shear strength of soil-rock mixtures (S-RM) is an important parameter affecting the stability of engineering. Therefore, taking the S-RM along Shiyan-Tianshui Expressway (G7011) in Qinba Mountains as the research object, large-scale direct shear tests on S-RM with different rock content and water content were conducted in this paper. The test results show that the shear deformation curves of S-RM samples are basically the same, which can be divided into four stages: elastic deformation, initial yield, strain hardening and shear failure stages. The cohesion of S-RM decreases with the increase of rock content, and the internal friction angle increases linearly with the increase of rock content. The cohesion increases first and then decrease with the increase of water content, while the internal friction angle and shear strength decrease with the increase of rock content. Then, according to the large-scale direct shear test results, the fitting equations of shear strength and shear strength index of S-RM were obtained, and the fitting equations were verified by an engineering example. The results show that the fitting equations were suitable for loess and gravel mixtures with similar properties, and have important guiding significance for the calculation of shear strength of similar engineering materials.
COMPLEX STATIC AND DYNAMIC PROTECTION OF HISTORIC BUILDINGS FROM THE EFFECTS OF TECHNICAL SEISMICITY
Authors: Witzany Jiří , Zigler Radek , Čejka Tomáš , Kubát Jan
Published: November 2019

Numerous failures of buildings are caused by dynamic effects due to technical (or induced) seismicity. Technical, or so-called induced, seismicity is caused by the effects of traffic, building activity (machines), the effects of devices and machinery, mining and mineral extraction activity, blasting operations (in the vicinity of quarries), pressure waves, air and water jets, the effects of gusts of wind, impact waves, etc. In particular, masonry buildings with insufficiently rigid ceiling structures, non-functional wall and beam ties and foundations where the effect of settlement due to compaction of the subsoil cannot be excluded are highly sensitive to the dynamic effects caused by technical seismicity.
CATIA-BASED BIM TECHNOLOGY IN HIGHWAY TUNNEL DESIGN
Authors: Yang Tao , Lu Yuquan , Qin Haiyang
Published: November 2019

to CATIA’s ‘assemblies + parts’ modeling method, CATIA based BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology has been proposed for highway tunnel design in this paper. A tunnel BIM is created by CATIA, which is based on a real case in China, focusing on the following 3 aspects: (1) Creating tunnel bolts by UDF + Loop cyclic arrangement method; (2) Using Sketch Tracer module to create tunnel portal; (3) Parameter is used to create and call the Catalog database. Then, bolt collision inspection and U shaped groove concrete statistics are conducted with the help of the tunnel BIM created. Finally, the finite element analysis of tunnel construction process is carried out through the CATIA Midas interface. The results demonstrate that the CATIAbased BIM technology can well adapt to the characteristics of tunnel and have well potential applications in tunnel design.
Penalty of model misspecification in time series dominated with trend
Authors: Chukwudi Justin Ogbonna , Chijioke Joel Nweke , Kelechi Charity Ojide
Published: November 2019

Model specification is consequential in mathematical science and statistics in particular. This work seeks to ascertain the consequences of model mis-specification in the analysis of a time series dominated by trend. It further discusses the statistical properties of various types of trend as well as when they are combine with AR (1) and MA (1) process. It recommends the use of spectrum analysis in detection of trend type in a given series.Illustrations were carried out using simulated series. The results from the simulated series was in harmony with the theoretical results.Â Â
Pengolahan Limbah Air Sungai Gajah Wong Yogyakarta Berbasis Masyarakat Menggunakan Aplikasi Teknologi Nano Carbon Dari Bathok Kelapa Terintegrasi Lahan Basah Buatan
Authors: Melati Asih , Sulistyawati Eka , Nugraheni Ika
Published: November 2019

Pencemaran limbah air sungai Gajah Wong Yogyakarta dalam taraf memprihatinkan, sedang masyarakat sekitar belum sadar akan bahaya lingkungan yang mengintai. Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini yang dilaksanakan di aliran sungai Gajah Wong desa Papringan RT 07 RW 2 Sleman Yogyakarta. Dengan data penelitian awal parameter kualitas air yang meliputi BO, DOD, Ph, Pb, dan adanya ketersedian Bakteri Escheria Coli ditemukan dibawah baku mutu standar. Penggunaan air sungai Gajah wong untuk keperluan sehari-hari masih sangat banyak ditemui di bantaran sungai ini. Tujuan dari pelaksanaan pengabdian ini adalah memberikan terobosan baru yang murah untuk pengolahan limbah air sungai dari limbah bathok kelapa yang disintesis menjadi ukuran nano terintegrasi dengan pembuatan lahan basah buatan sehingga daya kegunaannya lebih efektif. Lahan basah buatas ini juga berfungsi memperindah tata kota dan hasil sampingannya sebagai pakan ternak dan sayuran daun yang bisa dikonsumsi. Upaya ini melibatkan BLH (Badan Lingkungan Hidup) Yogyakarta, Komunitas Peduli Gajah Wong (KPGW). Warga masyarakat sekitar sungai, komunitas studi club mahasiswa Water Forum Kalijogo dan studi Club Fisika Material. Hasil dari pengabdian ini berupa sistem pengolahan limbah permanen yang efektif sehingga diperoleh air sungai yang tidak tercemar dengan peningkatan parameter kualitas air tidak lagi dibawah baku mutu tapi sesuai dengan baku mutu dan tidak bau serta terwujudnya sanitasi sungai dengan demikian mampu membantu program Pemda Yogyakarta.
Pendampingan Komunitas Kelompok Wanita Tani Kemesu Samigaluh Kulon Progo melalui Program Pembuatan Jamu Tradisional menjadi Bubuk Kristal
Authors: Pribadi Mohammad , Zubaidi A. Ziyad , W. Armelia Eka Septiyarini A. , Istiqomah Putri , Malik Dudy , Utami Aulia Rahmahyanti , Chanifah Siti , Puspaningrum Amelia , ‘Alim Nur Rofi’ul , Nurika Febria Ega , Nawawi M. Habiburrohman
Published: November 2019

Program pengabdian masyarakat melalui pendampingan untuk komunitas Kelompok Wanita Tani yang dilaksanakan di Dusun Kemesu Desa Pagerharjo Kecamatan Samigaluh Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Komunitas yang terbentuk di dusun Kemesu yaitu Kelompok Wanita Tani perlu adanya sebuah  pendampingan,dengan diadakannya pelatihan-pelatihan sederhana karena kebanyakan dari warga setempat membutuhkan inovasi  baru untuk pengolahan sumber alam yang tersedia, terdapat beberapa hasil bumi yang  ada di dusun Kemesu yaitu adanya dibidang pertanian, khususnya di dusun Kemesu mulai dari hasil padi palawijo dan sayur mayur, dan terdapat hasil  perkebunan seperti kunyit, jahe, kencur, cengkeh, cacao, kelapa kopi,dan berbagai tanaman keras seperti pohon mahoni, sengon (albasia). Adanya kelompok Wanita Tani Ngudi Mulyo di dusun Kemesu bisa membawa masyarakat lebih maju dan berkembang dalam berbagai bidang. Pendampingan komunitas Kelompok Wanita Tani bertujuan memberikan sebuah pengetahuan untuk pemanfaatan sumber daya alam yang ada menjadi pendorong sumber ekonomi yang lebih maju. Pengabdian masyarakat berhasil dilaksanakan, serta pendampingan program didatangkan langsung oleh narasumber yang ahli dalam bidang meracik jamu tradisional. Kegiatan ini merujuk pada kajian keilmuan ilmiah dan kaidah yang ada didalam Al-Quran serta menghadirkan keilmuan  integrasi dan interkoneksi.
Влияние температурно-силового нагружения на релаксацию остаточных напряжений
в поверхностно упрочненных элементах стержневой конструкции в условиях ползучести
Authors: Радченко Владимир Павлович , Radchenko Vladimir Pavlovich , Деревянка Екатерина Евгеньевна , Derevyanka Ekaterina E.
Published: November 2019

Разработана математическая модель релаксации остаточных напряжений в поверхностно упрочненных цилиндрических элементах статически неопределимых стержневых систем при температурно-силовом нагружении в условиях ползучести.
В процессе моделирования решаются следующие задачи: реконструкция напряженно-деформированного состояния в цилиндрическом стержне после процедуры обработки поверхности микрошариками; учет влияния температурного нагружения на величину и характер полей остаточных напряжений вследствие зависимости модуля Юнга от температуры; расчет релаксации остаточных напряжений в упрочненных элементах системы под действием температурно-силового нагружения в условиях ползучести; оценка финишных остаточных напряжений после ползучести и температурно-силовой разгрузки.
Поставленные задачи решаются в пределах первых двух стадий ползучести материала элементов систем.
Для детального анализа использована трехэлементная статически неопределимая система с упрочненными при температуре 20$^\circ$C элементами из сплава ЖС6У и температуре эксплуатации 675$^\circ$C.
Для реализации всех методик разработаны численные алгоритмы на основе аппарата вычислительной математики с использованием дискретизации по пространственным и временным координатам и применением метода шагов по времени.
Для апостериорной оценки сходимости и устойчивости численного метода выполнено сравнение численных результатов при больших значениях времени расчета с асимптотическими значениями характеристик напряженно-деформированного состояния, соответствующих стадии установившейся ползучести, полученных аналитическим методом.
Наблюдается хорошее соответствие данных по обоим подходам.
Приводятся результаты расчетов, иллюстрирующие кинетику остаточных напряжений во всех трех стержнях системы в процессе ползучести под действием температурно-силового нагружения начиная с момента их формирования после упрочнения.
Показано, что происходит ступенчатое изменение величины и характера распределения остаточных напряжений только за счет «мгновенного» температурного прогрева элементов стержневой конструкции вследствие зависимости модуля Юнга от температуры.
Также расчетами установлено, что релаксация остаточных напряжений в наиболее нагруженном стержне системы происходит гораздо медленнее, чем в менее нагруженных.
Основные результаты работы иллюстрируются эпюрами распределения остаточных напряжений по глубине упрочненного слоя.
Natürlichkeit und Künstlichkeit
Authors: Remmers Hartmut
Published: November 2019

In diesem Beitrag werden Möglichkeiten und Grenzen des Technikeinsatzes in der Pflege unter mehreren philosophisch-anthropologischen Prämissen aufgezeigt: Pflegerische Tätigkeiten sind elementare Formen der Reproduktion des Lebens und durch strukturelle Eigensinnigkeit (z. B. zyklischer Modus) gekennzeichnet. Sie gestalten sich allerdings unter Bedingungen historisch geschaffener und variierender Lebensformen mit Unterstützung technischer Instrumente. Den künstlich erzeugten Systemen des Lebens (Institutionen) wohnt ebenso wie der Technik eine Tendenz der Verselbständigung inne. Illustrieren lässt sich das an der Geschichte der Pflege, welche durch Trends einer wachsenden technischen Umgestaltung gekennzeichnet ist. Hinter diesen Trends verbergen sich indessen Kollisionen zweier unvereinbarer Eigenlogiken: einer Logik persönlicher Zuwendung und Hilfe, die nur wenig formalisierbar ist, und einer gegenläufigen Logik von Ökonomie sowie planender Verwaltung und Organisation. Nicht zufällig verweisen diese Inkommensurabilitäten auf Grenzen bspw. des Einsatzes moderner Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien in der Pflege hilfebedürftiger Menschen, die durch ethische und rechtliche Garantien wie Schutz der Persönlichkeit oder körperliche Integrität markiert sind.
Die Zukunft der Pflege – 2053
Authors: Hülsken-Giesler Manfred , Wiemann B.
Published: November 2019

Aktuelle Strategien zur Bewältigung der Herausforderung Pflege in einer Gesellschaft des langen Lebens stoßen zunehmend erkennbar an ihre Grenzen. Um tatsächlich neue Handlungsoptionen zu eröffnen, empfiehlt es sich, zunächst von bekannten und in der Regel linear verlängerten Problemlösungswegen abzulassen und – systematisch geleitet – einen erweiterten Blick in die Zukunft zu wagen. Der vorliegende Beitrag skizziert ein Projektvorhaben, mit dem mögliche Zukünfte der Pflege szenariobasiert entworfen wurden, um auf dieser Basis systematische Zukunftsdialoge zu ermöglichen und Optionen für das aktuelle Handeln abzuleiten. Fragen der Technikentwicklung und -nutzung erhalten demnach in einer transdisziplinär begründeten Pflegearbeit ganz entscheidende Bedeutung.
Die hermeneutische Erweiterung der Technikfolgenabschätzung
Authors: Grunwald Armin
Published: November 2019

Technikfolgenabschätzung ist schon dem Namen nach konsequentialistisch ausgerichtet: Es geht um die Erforschung und Bewertung von Folgen. Damit dies möglich ist, müssen Technikfolgen also in gewisser, nicht beliebiger Weise mit Gründen antizipierbar sein. In diesem Beitrag gehe ich der Frage nach, ob Orientierung im Rahmen der TA auch möglich ist, wenn diese Voraussetzung nicht mehr erfüllt ist. Die These ist, dass Orientierung dann nicht mehr im Rahmen eines konsequentialistischen Zugangs, sondern nur eine hermeneutische Analyse der debattierten Zukünfte möglich ist.
Stand und Perspektiven von Redox-Flow-Batterien als stationäre Speicherlösungen
Authors: Tübke Jens , Noack Jens , Wietschel L.
Published: November 2019

Deutschland betreibt mit Nachdruck den Ausbau der erneuerbaren Energien. Für eine sichere und auch effiziente Energieversorgung muss sowohl die Energiebereitstellung, insbesondere mit dem Hintergrund fluktuierender Einspeisung, aber auch der Energieverbrauch zeitlich und örtlich ausgleichbar sein. Heute wird diese Aufgabe zu einem großen Teil von den Stromnetzen übernommen, allerdings verfügen diese über keine Speicherkapazitäten, um Schwankungen in der Energieversorgung auszugleichen. Elektrochemische Speicher oder auch Batterien gehören zu den etablierten Technologien zur Speicherung elektrischer Energie und werden in diesem Kontext bereits vielfältig, zum Beispiel als Notstromversorgung zur unterbrechungsfreien Stromversorgung, eingesetzt. Die Speicherung elektrischer Energie mit Hilfe elektrochemischer Speicher im höheren Kilowatt (kWh)- bis Megawatt (MWh)-Maßstab ist heute noch nicht wirtschaftlich darstellbar, u. a. auch, weil die heute noch zu hohen Speicherkosten ab einer bestimmten Größe nahezu proportional zur installierten Kapazität ansteigen. Dieses grundsätzliche Problem ließe sich mit dem Einsatz von Redox-Flow-Batterien (RFB) teilweise lösen. Nachfolgend werden RFB hinsichtlich ihrer elektrochemischen Eigenschaften und Entwicklungspotenziale diskutiert und eine Einschätzung zu möglichen Kostenreduktionspotenzialen gegeben.
Energiespeicher und alternative Energieausgleichsoptionen aus diversen systemischen Perspektiven
Authors: Droste-Franke Bert
Published: November 2019

Die Herausforderungen sind groß: Bei hohen Anteilen erneuerbarer Energien müssen zunehmend Differenzen zwischen Angebot und Nachfrage im elektrischen Netz ausgeglichen und kritische räumliche Distanzen überwunden werden, um eine sichere Elektrizitätsversorgung in Deutschland und Europa zu gewährleisten. Neben Energiespeichern können auch diverse andere Optionen eingesetzt werden, um Angebot und Nachfrage im Stromsektor auszugleichen. Ausgehend von den erwartbaren Herausforderungen und Anwendungsbereichen werden in diesem Beitrag die bereits heute absehbaren möglichen und teilweise konkurrierenden Optionen aus verschiedenen systemischen Perspektiven diskutiert. Dazu werden zunächst vorliegende technisch-ökonomische Szenarioanalysen untersucht und ihre Grenzen diskutiert. Danach wird eine erweiterte Bewertung der Zukunftsfähigkeit einiger relevanter Ausgleichsoptionen unter Umwelt-, Ressourcen- und gesellschaftlichen Aspekten vorgenommen.
System-based Integration of Electric Vehicles in an Electricity System
Authors: Rezania Rusbeh
Published: November 2019

Die Förderung von alternativen Antriebstechnologien wie z. B. Elektrofahrzeugen, die in das Verkehrs- und Stromsystem integriert werden, muss auf effizienten und wirtschaftlich sinnvollen Umsetzungskonzepten basieren. Eine erfolgreiche Eingliederung von Elektrofahrzeugen in ein Stromsystem wird von geeigneten „Business Cases“ beeinflusst. Die Umsetzung der Mobilitätsbedürfnisse der Fahrzeugnutzer muss als Hauptbedingung jeder Zielfunktion definiert werden. Der Ansatz in diesem Beitrag basiert auf der systematischen Auswertung verschiedener Konzepte zum Auf- (Richtung des elektrischen Stroms vom Netz zum Fahrzeug) und Entladen (Richtung des elektrischen Stroms vom Fahrzeug zum Netz) von Elektrofahrzeugen, die wie folgt unterteilt sind: unkontrollierte, kontrollierte und intelligente Auf- und Entladestrategien. Die betrachteten Konzepte gehören alle zu den kontrollierten Strategien. In allen untersuchten Anwendungen konnten für das Entladen von Batterien (im Fall von LiFePO4-Batterien) keine zufriedenstellenden Ergebnisse erzielt werden. Somit ist eine wirtschaftliche Umsetzung solcher Konzepte nicht möglich. Die Hauptgründe hierfür sind der hohe Kapazitätsverlust der Batterie durch das Entladen und die damit verbundenen Degradationskosten. Daher reichen die voraussichtlichen Einnahmen, die mit den Entladungskonzepten erzielt werden können, nicht aus, um die Kosten für Wechselrichter und die erforderlichen Investitionen für Kommunikations- und Kontrollinfrastruktur zu decken. Was die wirtschaftliche Analyse und den Einfluss der hohen Durchdringungsrate von Elektrofahrzeugen auf Niederspannungsnetze angeht, so ist eine systemrelevante Integration von Elektrofahrzeugen in zwei verschiedene Implementierungsstufen unterteilt.
Wahrnehmung, Bewertung und die Akzeptabilität von Technik in Deutschland
Authors: Hampel Jürgen , Zwick Michael
Published: November 2019

Sind die Deutschen technikfeindlich? Diese Frage erscheint in dieser Form nicht mehr zeitgemäß. Die empirische sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung hat ein bemerkenswert differenziertes Bild der Beurteilung von Technik in der Öffentlichkeit ermittelt. Zustimmung oder Ablehnung treffen nicht Technik als solche, sondern ganz konkrete Technologien und deren Anwendung. Ähnlich vielgestaltig wie die Bewertung unterschiedlicher Technologien sind die Gründe für Zustimmung oder Ablehnung. Maßgeblich sind Kriterien wie die wahrgenommenen Nutzen- und Schadenspotenziale und ihre Verteilung, ethische Unbedenklichkeit, die Einschätzung einer angemessenen Regulierung sowie das Vertrauen in Entwickler, Betreiber und Regulatoren. Daneben verlangt die Bevölkerung in wachsendem Maße nach direkter Mitwirkung bei technikbezogenen Entscheidungen.
Kommunikation Neuer Technologien. Das Beispiel Biotechnologie
Authors: Weitze Marc-Denis , Grunwald Armin , Pühler Alfred , Heckl Wolfgang
Published: November 2019

Biotechnologie ist ein exemplarischer Fall „Neuer Technologien“, die die Möglichkeitshorizonte moderner Gesellschaften definieren und deren Diskussion Einblick in zentrale gesellschaftliche Interessenlagen, Konfliktlinien und Entwicklungsdynamiken erlauben. Eine sozialwissenschaftliche und historische Perspektive auf die Kommunikation, Debatten und Kontroversen um Biotechnologie gibt Hinweise auf neue, mehr Erfolg versprechende Kommunikationsansätze. Visionäre Forschungsfelder wie die Künstliche Fotosynthese und kontroverse Bereiche wie die sog. Genom-Chirurgie stellen immer wieder von neuem die Frage, wie neben Vertretern von Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft auch Vertreter von (Teil-)Öffentlichkeit(en) ihre Ideen, Erwartungen und Befürchtungen einbringen können und wie sich Öffentlichkeit frühzeitig in Innovationsprozesse einbeziehen lässt.
Lokale Akzeptanz von Energiemixen
Authors: Grabietz Agnes , Trevisan Bianka , Jakobs Eva-Maria
Published: November 2019

Der Beitrag thematisiert lokale Aspekte der Bewertung von Energiemixen erneuerbarer Energien (Solar- und Windenergie, Biomasse). Die Ergebnisse einer szenariengeleiteten Online-Fokusgruppenbefragung zeigen, dass dominant ausgeprägte Energieformen des Mixes am stärksten wahrgenommen und kritisch hinterfragt werden. Die Energieform Biomasse wird am stärksten präferiert. Trotz kommunizierter ökologischer Nachteile werden ihr Sicherheit, Steuerbarkeit und Zuverlässigkeit zugesprochen, die scheinbar akzeptanzfördernd wirken. Waldflächenverluste wiegen stärker als Weide- und Wiesenflächen.
Wissenschaftskommunikation als demokratisches Grundprinzip
Authors: Weingart Peter , Wormer Holger
Published: November 2019

Veränderungen in der Wissenschaft (v. a. im Sinne einer Ökonomisierung und Medialisierung im Kontext des New Public Management) und in den Medien (v. a. eine ökonomische Krise im Zuge der Digitalisierung) führen zu einem weit reichenden Wandel der Formen, Strukturen und der Kräfteverhältnisse von Wissenschaftskommunikation zwischen Wissenschaft, Wissenschafts-PR und Journalismus. Der vorliegende Beitrag skizziert einige dieser Veränderungen und führt bisherige Empfehlungen ebenso wie aktuelle Fragestellungen zweier Arbeitsgruppen der deutschen Wissenschaftsakademien zu diesem Themenkomplex zusammen. Die Autoren kommen zu dem Fazit, dass die Analyse der Chancen und Risiken der fortschreitenden Digitalisierung der Kommunikation von Wissen in der Gesellschaft als dauerhaftes Feld der Technikfolgenabschätzung etabliert werden sollte.
Beteiligung lernen
Authors: Kühl Yasmine , Wittstock Felix , Wulf Nele
Published: November 2019

Partizipation stellt im Bereich der Technologiepolitik nach wie vor einen Trend und im Fall der Endlager-Kommission ein „Pionierverfahren“ dar. Exemplarisch für die Debatte um die Sinnhaftigkeit und Angreifbarkeit professionell organisierter Bürgerbeteiligung geriet beim „Bürgerdialog Standortsuche“ neben Fragen sachgerechter Problembearbeitung und Verfahrensgerechtigkeit auch die Ebene der Medialisierung in den Blick. Vor diesem Hintergrund wäre Partizipation zunächst als Untersuchungsgegenstand per se und nicht als Lösungsstrategie zu fassen. Die methodische Auseinandersetzung in dieser Frage weist weit über einzelne Veranstaltungen und die Endlagerthematik hinaus.
Postwachstum als Herausforderung für Unternehmen
Authors: Posse Dirk
Published: November 2019

Eine Wirtschaft ohne Wachstum wird durch Entwicklungen wie sinkende Wachstumsraten, ökologische Grenzen und sich verstärkende soziale Schieflagen zur realen Herausforderung – für die Zukunftsfähigkeit einer funktionierenden Gesellschaft, aber gleichfalls für Unternehmen als Problemverursacher und potenzielle Problemlöser. Aus Postwachstum folgt allerdings kein Wachstumsverbot. Die wachstumsunabhängige Gestaltung von Geschäftsmodellen erfordert vielmehr eine grundlegende Auseinandersetzung mit unternehmerischen Wachstumstreibern und dem gesellschaftlichen Nutzen des Unternehmensangebots. Auf diese Weise können Unternehmensansätze für eine Postwachstumsgesellschaft identifiziert und Wege zu ihrer Umsetzung erarbeitet werden.
Developing an Orientating Framework for Strategic Reflection: The Res-AGorA Responsibility Navigator
Authors: Lindner Ralf , Kuhlmann Stefan , Walhout Bart
Published: November 2019

The quest for Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) has experienced a remarkable upsurge during the past few years. While the debate on RRI, as it is primarily labelled at the EU level, is far from being completed and stabilised, the demand for concrete conceptual approaches and instruments, which can contribute to the aim of making research and innovation more “responsible”, has increased significantly (Lindner/Kuhlmann 2016, p. 22). To this end, an impressive number of research projects and coordination activities have been initiated during the recent past. In this broader context of projects funded by the EU, the Res-AGorA project had the objective to develop a comprehensive governance framework for RRI (EC 2011b, p. 7f.).