bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Méthodologie des ateliers thérapeutiques auprès des patients atteints de la maladie d'Alzheimer et maladies apparentées
Authors: Quaderi André
Published: May 2024

Le choix de cette fiche porte sur la médiation thérapeutique par les aliments, auprès des patients souffrant de maladie d’Alzheimer et troubles apparentés (MAA), et présentant des symptômes variés, notamment anxieux. Le protocole de cet atelier est simple, dans la mesure où il intègre l’ensemble des habitudes liées à la confection d’un repas, et surtout, fait appel aux capacités procédurales la plupart du temps conservées dans ce type de pathologie.
Les addictions : repères théoriques et pratiques cliniques
Authors: Bonnet Nicolas
Published: May 2024

Moins de 10 % des personnes présentant des problématiques addictives ont bénéficié de soins dédiés au cours de la dernière année. Ces personnes sont surreprésentées dans les services de santé et constituent un poids financier très important. Les professionnels peuvent réaliser une intervention ciblée. En cas de comorbidités associées, l’intervention doit s’effectuer de façon concertée avec les autres services spécialisés.
Les addictions : repères théoriques et pratiques cliniques
Authors: Verger Charlotte , Sierra-Scroccaro Nathalie
Published: May 2024

L’implication des familles dans l’accompagnement des personnes addictes représente un élément important dans la réussite des traitements. Des proches accompagnés peuvent soutenir l’usager dans sa démarche de soins. Toutefois, la nature de cette influence reste encore peu développée. Nous déplierons ce qui se joue pour le proche lors de situations liées aux conduites addictives et présenterons un dispositif d’intervention clinique.
Des désordres productifs ?
Authors: Gayer Laurent
Published: May 2024

Brouillant les frontières entre la guerre et la paix, les états de désordre prolongés font l’objet d’une attention croissante de la part des sciences sociales. Jusqu’à présent, peu de travaux se sont pourtant intéressés aux modalités de reproduction de l’économie productive et des solidarités professionnelles dans les moments de dislocation apparente de l’ordre politique et social. Synthétisant les résultats d’une enquête menée de 2014 à 2022 sur la fabrique de l’ordre industriel à Karachi, l’article tente de combler cette lacune en observant les effets de trois décennies de conflits urbains sur les rapports sociaux de production dans l’industrie textile. Cette étude de cas est l’occasion de relativiser l’aversion présumée du capitalisme à l’instabilité et l’irrégularité. En mettant au jour les effets d’aubaine des conflits armés pour les possédants, tout autant que les brèches ouvertes par ces mêmes conflits dans la domination patronale, il s’agit par ailleurs d’étendre la réflexion sur les formes contemporaines de ré-enchâssement de l’économie dans le social et le politique. Enfin, la récente résurgence de mobilisations intercommunautaires dans l’industrie textile de Karachi invite à s’interroger sur les conditions de survie d’un cosmopolitisme subalterne au sein des sociétés fortement polarisées par des décennies d’affrontements armés.
Cognitive Function and Medication Adherence in Older Adults With H-Type Hypertension: The Mediating Effect of Metamemory
Authors: Wu Gang , Liu Ping , Zhang Jing , Li Dan , Yang Ju , Yan Jiai , Liu Yiran , Sun Jing , Wang Yingyu , Xia Yanping , Zhang Feng
Published: May 2024

Purpose:

Medication adherence in adults with H-type hypertension plays a crucial role in lowering blood pressure and treating complications. Cognitive function has been identified as a significant influencing factor for medication adherence, whereas excessive levels of homocysteine can impair cognitive function. Metamemory, which is influenced by cognitive function, also affects medication adherence. However, the complex relationship among these factors remains poorly understood among adults with H-type hypertension. Therefore, we hypothesize that metamemory serves as a mediator for the impact of cognitive function on medication adherence.

Method:

A total of 232 adults with H-type hypertension were enrolled to provide cognitive function scores, metamemory scores, and medication adherence rates.

Results:

A pairwise correlation exists among cognitive function, metamemory, and medication adherence. Metamemory partially mediates (57.5%) the relationship between cognitive function and medication adherence.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that interventions targeting improvements in metamemory may enhance medication adherence among individuals with H-type hypertension. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50
(6), 44–52.]
Incidence, Risk Factors and Development of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Mid-Preterm and Late-Preterm Infants
Authors: Yenice Eşay Kıran , Kara Caner , Kavurt Ayşen Sumru , Işleyen Fatih
Published: May 2024

Purpose:

To evaluate the incidence, risk factors, and development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in midpreterm and late-preterm infants born at 32 to 36 6/7 weeks of gestational age.

Methods:

The ophthalmic examination findings and risk factors of 5,477 preterm infants who underwent ophthalmological examination were evaluated retrospectively. The rates of any stage and severe ROP (requiring treatment) development and treatment options were recorded. The risk factors were analyzed by using logistic regression analysis.

Results:

A total of 5,477 infants were included in the study, of whom 2,715 (49.57%) were mid-preterm and 2,762 (50.43%) were late-preterm. The rates of any stage and severe ROP were 8.2% (n = 223) and 0.6% (n = 15) in mid-preterm infants, respectively. In late-preterm infants, the rate of any stage ROP was 2.1% (n = 59), and no severe ROP was detected. There was no significant difference in mean birth weight in mid-preterm infants between infants with any stage ROP and severe ROP (
P
= .104). Of the 15 infants (0.3%) who required treatment, 14 (0.2%) infants had laser photocoagulation, 1 (0.01%) had intravitreal bevacizumab, and 2 (0.03%) had additional therapy (laser photocoagulation and intravitreal bevacizumab). In logistic regression analysis, a significant association was found between treatment requirement and transport from an external center (
P
< .001, ß = 0.04).

Conclusions:

Although ROP development rates decrease as birth weight and gestational age increase, late-preterm infants should be examined for ROP at least once, especially those born in low-income countries because ROP development can still be observed.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus.
2024;61(5):351–357.]
Henri Eyraud, mathématicien : une carrière forgée par la Grande Guerre
Authors: Ritter Jim
Published: May 2024

Henri Eyraud semblait se destiner avant la Grande Guerre à une carrière de professeur de lycée. Mobilisé, puis blessé et fait prisonnier dès le premier mois des hostilités, il est après trois ans de captivité envoyé en Suisse dans le cadre d’un nouveau programme pour les prisonniers blessés, qui lui permet de poursuivre sa formation en mathématiques. Nous montrons ici comment Eyraud est créé mathématicien chercheur par la Grande Guerre, d’abord à l’université de Genève et à l’École polytechnique fédérale (ETH) de Zurich, puis, une fois démobilisé, auprès d’Élie Cartan et Émile Borel à Paris. Sa thèse de 1926 sur une nouvelle théorie unifiée des champs restera la seule thèse dans le domaine de la relativité générale et de ses extensions à être publiée en France pendant deux décennies et lui ouvrira une brillante carrière universitaire à l’université de Lyon.
Le coup d’œil du scarabée : Charles Nordmann ou pourquoi la guerre est l’affaire des savants
Authors: Aubin David
Published: May 2024

Cet article explore le rôle des scientifiques dans la compréhension des conflits armés. L’auteur se concentre sur la figure de Charles Nordmann, un physicien français qui, durant la Première Guerre mondiale, a notamment utilisé ses connaissances scientifiques pour contribuer aux efforts de guerre. Il revient sur le témoignage que Nordmann a laissé au sujet de la mobilisation et insiste sur son rôle de chroniqueur scientifique à la Revue des deux mondes avant, pendant et après la guerre. À travers son engagement sur le front et dans les processus d’invention pour la défense et surtout ses écrits dans cette revue, Nordmann a défendu l’idée que la guerre ne devait pas seulement être l’affaire des militaires et des politiciens, mais aussi celle des savants, qui peuvent apporter une expertise cruciale à différents niveaux dans les conflits.
« Sans amour et sans haine » : la Grande Guerre de Jacques Hadamard
Authors: Chabert Jean-Luc , Gilain Christian
Published: May 2024

Après avoir fait le point sur sa carrière scientifique jusqu’en 1914, nous suivons l’itinéraire du mathématicien Jacques Hadamard (1865-1963) à travers la Première Guerre mondiale, période peu présente dans ses biographies. Apparaît l’intensité de sa mobilisation, à la fois scientifique pour la défense nationale, notamment à l’Académie des sciences, et politique. Il participe à la création de plusieurs organisations d’intellectuels mobilisés pour contrer l’offensive idéologique allemande, avec le souci de convaincre les pays neutres. Son positionnement politique, écartant à la fois le pacifisme et le bellicisme, est original. L’unité entre ses engagements scientifiques et politiques pendant la Grande Guerre et dans l’après-guerre, cherchant constamment à allier la rigueur et le droit, confère à Hadamard une stature d’intellectuel engagé, dans la tradition française, ce qui gagnerait à être reconnu par l’historiographie.
La fermière, la potière et la sédentaire : la lente néolithisation de l’Amazonie
Authors: Rostain Stéphen
Published: May 2024

Loin d’être une aire marginale exempte de toute innovation et débitrice d’influences extérieures, l’Amazonie fut bien au contraire un foyer de création dynamique depuis les plus anciens peuplements humains. L’Holocène fut ainsi ponctué d’inventions technologiques et culturelles notables. Mais, plutôt qu’une série de révolutions successives, diverses occurrences de développement néolithique s’étalèrent sur de longues périodes. Ainsi, il est illusoire de vouloir réduire la néolithisation en Amazonie à un unique modèle.
Tribunal populaire de la pêche : réciprocités politiques en temps de crise de la filière
Authors: Knox Winifred , Ferreira José Gomes , Neves Delma Pessanha , Silva Louyse Rodrigues da
Published: May 2024

L’article se penche sur le Tribunal populaire de la pêche, une action-performance qui met en lumière une stratégie régionale de mobilisation professionnelle de pêcheurs pour mener à bien des négociations, ainsi que des pratiques de réciprocité politique autour de la filière de la pêche à l’occasion d’une catastrophe : la marée noire qui s’est étendue de la région Nordeste à la côte Sud-Est du Brésil, d’août 2019 à janvier 2020.
Femmes et espace domestique dans l’histoire du logement social au Brésil des années 1940 et 1950
Authors: Nascimento Flavia Brito do
Published: May 2024

Cet article se penche sur le rôle des femmes dans les programmes publics de logement mis en œuvre par l’État brésilien au milieu du XXe siècle. Je retrace et mets en perspective leur place dans le contexte des logements ouvriers, en particulier dans les cités populaires, sous deux aspects : comme actrices (productrices, auteures ou médiatrices) et comme habitantes. J’essaie de montrer les possibilités et les contradictions du logement public comme option d’insertion professionnelle pour les femmes, et je propose une réflexion sur les habitantes et les représentations du logement populaire et du féminin.
Les stratégies de revendication des droits mobilisées par des ONG brésiliennes et l'imaginaire politique des droits humains au Brésil
Authors: Almeida Lorena Sales de , Possas Mariana Thorstensen , Ramos Nubia dos Reis , Souza Maíne
Published: May 2024

Le Brésil connaît une forte vague d’opposition aux droits humains, qui se manifeste dans différentes sphères sociales : politique, morale, juridique, éducative, etc. Depuis les années 2010, le mouvement conservateur opposé aux droits humains s’est réorganisé et certains thèmes « sensibles » ont servi de catalyseur à des groupes, des intérêts et des actions. Parallèlement, les organisations de défense des droits humains se battent devant les juridictions nationales et internationales pour garantir leurs droits. Cet article propose une réflexion sur le travail des organisations non gouvernementales brésiliennes, en se concentrant sur le choix des thèmes qu’elles privilégient et sur les stratégies adoptées. L’article entend montrer que l’analyse de l’activisme des organisations brésiliennes de défense des droits humains renseigne sur le contexte plus large de contre-réaction au thème des droits humains.
La droite et les droits : représentations des droits humains dans les discours des électeurs de Jair Bolsonaro
Authors: Chaloub Jorge , Lima Raquel
Published: May 2024

La critique des droits humains est au cœur de l’identité des droites contemporaines. Cependant, il ne s’agit pas d’un discours homogène, mais plutôt d’une composition de langages politiques divers, qui fonctionnent comme un élément de cohésion, et permettent en même temps de comprendre les clivages et les conflits dans ce domaine. Cet article analyse les différentes appropriations critiques des droits humains au sein de l’électorat de la droite brésilienne. Pour cela, nous avons analysé des discours collectés lors d’entretiens approfondis avec des électeurs de Jair Bolsonaro, au moment des élections présidentielles brésiliennes de 2018.
A Model Based on Fuzzy Neural Networks for Sharing Digital Educational Resources in English
Authors: Yang Xian , Wang Haiying
Published: May 2024

The ineffective digitization of core English course resources, due to limited autonomy, fragmentation, and inadequate management, has prompted the development of digital teacher libraries using multimedia and Internet technologies. Fuzzy neural networks (FNNs), combining fuzzy and neural network controls, have emerged as a promising approach for mathematical modeling. This paper presents an FNN-based model for sharing digital English educational resources and proposes an effective guidance mechanism for sharing digital science education resources. Experimental results show that the FNN outperforms the Apriori algorithm in training sample error by 0.02069 and reduces running time by 0.0034 seconds on average. This indicates the FNN's superior approximation capabilities with appropriate initial fuzzy rules. Consequently, the FNN-based model enhances the value and quality of educational resources, expands the capacity of information resource libraries, and effectively mitigates the creation of low-quality resources.
Enhancing Financial Investment Decision-Making With Deep Learning Model
Authors: Wang Xiaohui , Lu Baoli
Published: May 2024

This paper introduces the ISSA-BiLSTM-TPA model to improve financial investment decision-making. Traditional deep learning models face limitations in handling the complexity and uncertainty of financial markets. Our approach incorporates attention mechanisms, Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM), and Temporal Pattern Attention (TPA) to enhance accuracy in modeling and forecasting financial time series. The attention mechanism focuses on crucial information, BiLSTM captures bidirectional dependencies, and TPA identifies optimal solutions. Experimental results show higher prediction accuracy compared to traditional models, offering more reliable decision support for financial practitioners. Continuous optimization aims to provide innovative decision-making tools for the finance industry, advancing deep learning technology in finance.
The role of civil society in improving rural health care
Authors: Couper Ian
Published: May 2024

No abstract available.
Diagnosing Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Gotlieb David
Published: May 2024

No abstract available.
Disease patterns in the medical wards of a rural South African hospital
Authors: Ndjeka N.O. , Ogunbanjo Gboyega A.
Published: May 2024

A retrospective record review was done to determine disease patterns of patients admitted in the medical wards of St. Rita's Hospital, in rural Limpopo Province of South Africa. Hypertension dominated the disease pattern followed by pulmonary tuberculosis, gastro-enteritus, pneumonia and ashtma. The findings of this study suggest that diseases prominent in the affluent urban population affect patients seen at this rural hospital.
The influence of obesity on hyperandrogenism and infertility in the female
Authors: Van der Merwe M.T.
Published: May 2024

No abstract available.
Effect of Electroacupuncture on NLRP3 Inflammasome and Morphology of Uterine in Rats with Primary Dysmenorrhea Based on Meridian Acupoint Viscera Correlation Theory
Authors: Wang Shao-Hua , Yuan Han-Yu , Li Juan , Pan Si-An , Xue Xiao , Yue Zeng-Hui , Liu Yu
Published: May 2024

Objective:

To explore the relationship between acupoints and the uterus in primary dysmenorrhea (PDM) and observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on NLRP3 inflammasome and morphology of uterine tissues in rats.

Materials and Methods:

Rats were divided into four groups: Control, PDM, EA, and nonacupoint EA (sham) groups. Writhing reactions in the rats were carefully monitored. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) levels in the rat serum were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To assess the damage, the histomorphology of the rat uterus was examined using the optical and electron microscopy. Western blotting was performed to determine the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain carboxy-terminal leucine-rich repeat domain and amino-terminal pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain(ASC), and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1(caspase-1), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-18.

Results:

Compared with the control group, the PDM group exhibited significant increases in both writhing times and scores, with a high pathological score of the uterine tissue. Serum PGF2α levels were significantly elevated, whereas PGE2 levels were significantly reduced. In addition, the expression levels of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 significantly increased (P < 0.001). The EA group showed opposite effects from the PDM group (all P < 0.05). The sham group exhibited significantly higher writhing time, serum PGF2α levels, and expression levels of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 than the EA group. In contrast, serum PGE2 levels in the sham group were significantly lower than those in the EA group (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

NLRP3 inflammasome activation in PDM triggers pathological inflammation. Sanyinjiao(SP6) and Guanyuan(CV4) had specific effects on PDM. EA of SP6 and CV4 may treat PDM by inhibiting inflammation and protecting the morphological structure of the uterus.
Short-term safety and efficacy of combining phacoemulsification and SubCyclo laser
Authors: GabAllah Nada M. , ElGoweini Hesham F. , ElHofi Abd ElHamid S. , Nabil Karim M.
Published: May 2024

Aim

To evaluate the safety profile and the short-term efficacy of combining subliminal transscleral cyclophotocoagulation laser to the phacoemulsification procedure in cases with mild to moderate glaucoma.

Design

Prospective, noncomparative, interventional study.

Patients and methods

In all, 21 eyes of 21 patients suffering from mild to moderate glaucoma underwent combined phacoemulsification and SubCyclo laser. Their preoperative and postoperative intraocular pressures (IOPs) were measured and compared. The number of IOP-lowering drops used preoperatively and postoperatively was also evaluated.

The safety of the procedure was evaluated by means of documenting any intraoperative complication and postoperative visual acuity and adverse effects.

Results

The mean preoperative IOP was 18 mmHg (±5.26), which was then reduced to 13.5 mmHg (±5.97) at 1 day, 11.62 mmHg (±2.6) at 1 week, 12.26 mmHg (±2.91) at 1 month, and 13.2 mmHg (±5.21) at 3 months postoperatively.

Conclusions

Early results for this study showed that combined phacoemulsification with SubCyclo laser procedure could provide a satisfactory decrease of the IOP, and is a safe procedure, with low rates of serious adverse event profiles.
Zeta-associated protein 70 expression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Gupta Richa , Garg Neha , Singh Abha , Jain Shyam Lata
Published: May 2024

Background:

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is prognosticated using the Rai and the Binet's staging. In the past few years, new parameters have been considered for prognostication. One such marker that has been a subject of speculation and found useful by some western studies is zeta-associated protein 70 (ZAP-70).

Aim:

To investigate the prevalence of ZAP-70 and find out its association with other prognostic markers like Rai and Binet's stage and CD38 in Indian CLL patients.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty-nine newly diagnosed cases of CLL were selected over 1 year. Immunophenotyping was done and expression of CD38 and ZAP-70 was evaluated on gated CLL cells.

Statistical Analysis:

Qualitative data were expressed as frequency and percentage. Differences between groups were evaluated using Student's t-test for quantitative data and Chi-square test/Fisher's exact t-test for qualitative variables. A P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.

Results and Conclusion:

We found a lower prevalence rate of ZAP-70 (2/29, 6.89%) with no association with any of the conventional poor prognostic factors. A large number of our CLL patients fall into the good prognostic group (22/29, ZAP 70−/CD38−) with a least number in the poor prognostic group (2/29, ZAP-70 + CD38+). Also, no association was found between ZAP-70 and CD38. The findings of the present study suggest that the majority of CLL patients in India have a good prognosis, may not require treatment, and have good overall survival. Geographical variations, genetic makeup, and natural history of the CLL could be the cause of such differences from western literature.
Is it possible that we can increase the lymph node number in cases with rectum tumor receiving neoadjuvant therapy?
Authors: Erhan Selma Şengiz , Keser Sevinç Hallaç , Kamalı Gülçin Harman , Sensu Sibel , Dinçer Selvi , Sağlam Fazıl
Published: May 2024

Background:

Though the recommended sampled lymph node number in colorectal carcinomas is at least 12, due to shrinkage after preoperative neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT), it can be difficult to attain that number.

Aim:

Our aim is to increase the lymph node number by applying alcohol fixation on the formalin-fixed resection materials of the patients that received or not received neoadjuvant therapy and to evaluate the changes in staging due to obtained lymph nodes.

Settings and Design:

Non-randomized controlled trial.

Materials and Methods:

Lymph node dissection was performed in the resection materials with rectum tumor which were formalin- and afterwards, alcohol-fixed. The number of lymph nodes obtained by both of the methods and status of metastasis were evaluated statistically.

Results:

Of the total 76 rectal tumors, 57 had and 19 had not received NCRT. The number of lymph node was adequate in 89.5% cases with no NCRT and in 63.2% cases with NCRT. While no change was observed after the alcohol fixation in the cases fulfilling adequacy criterion among those with no NCRT (p = 1.000), the adequacy rate increased from 63.2% to 87.7% in those with NCRT (p < 0.001). Although statistically insignificant, there was a change in pN stage in eight cases. In three of them, the stage varied from pN0 to pN1c, and in five cases, from pN1a to pN1b.

Conclusion:

Using solutions as alcohol during fixation might facilitate the identification of metastatic lymph nodes, might change the stage of the disease and therefore, might affect the patient-based therapy.
Inherited and acquired thrombophilia in women of Indian ethnicity with recurrent pregnancy loss
Authors: Mishra Priyanka , Singh Kanwaljeet , Tyagi Seema , Juneja Richa , Mahapatra Manoranjan
Published: May 2024

Objectives:

The spectrum of thrombophilia in women with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is different in Indian ethnicity as reported by few studies. We aimed to study the prevalence of thrombophilia in RPL patients referred to hematology department of a tertiary centre.

Material and Methods:

This is an observational study of 112 RPL patients with no apparent cause after extensive workup for non-hematological causes. The investigations performed were routine coagulogram, APLA workup, plasma homocysteine, MTHFRC677T polymorphisms, Protein C, free Protein S, Anti-thrombin III levels, test for Activated Protein C resistance (APC-R), Factor V Leiden and Prothrombin gene G20210A mutation.

Results:

Of 112 patients, at least one thrombophilia was identified in 70.5% and combined thrombophilia in 12.5% patients. Hyperhomocysteinemia (30.4%) and APLA (25.9%) were the commonest thrombophilia whereas anticoagulant defects were seen in 12.5% of the population. Protein C deficiency (5.35%) was the commonest anticoagulant defect followed by APCR (3.6%). Mutational analysis revealed MTHFRC677T polymorphism in 20.5% whereas Factor V Leiden heterozygous in 1.8% patients. None of the patients had homozygous Factor V Leiden or Prothrombin gene G20210A mutation. Hyperhomocysteinemia, MTHFRC677T and Protein C deficiency were more associated with early pregnancy losses whereas Protein S deficiency, Factor V Leiden and APLA caused both early and late losses. Patients with greater number of losses were positive for homozygous MTHFRC677T, factor V Leiden and APLA.

Conclusion:

The approach to investigating Indian women with RPL should be based on the prevalence of thrombophilia which is unique to Indian ethnicity.
Role of cyclin D1 in glial tumors—A retrospective and observational study
Authors: Mehta Ritu , Yadav Rashmi , Vatsgotra Rahul
Published: May 2024

Aim:

High-grade glial tumors remain as one of the most lethal malignancies. Cyclin D1 is expressed in some human malignancies and is the potential target of intervention. The present study aims to determine the relationship of cyclin D1 expression with other clinicopathological parameters.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary care center. Biopsy proven 66 cases of glial tumor patients were included in the study. The patients with incomplete clinical details were excluded from the study. Immunohistochemistry using antibodies for IDH 1 and cyclin d1 was done in all the cases. Glial tumors were reclassified according to WHO 2016 classification. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 for the windows.

Result:

Among 66 patients, 49 (74.3%) were males and 17 (25.7%) were females. The age of the patients ranged from 20 years to 70 years. Overall, 6.02% were of grade I Glial tumors, 22.7% were of grade II Glial tumors, 19.6% patients were of grade III Glial tumors, and 51.6% patients were of grade IV Glial tumors. Of 66 samples tested cyclin D1 was positive in 25 (37.87%) as high expressers and 7 (10.60%) were low expressers. Our study showed a significant correlation between the expression of cyclin D1 with grade and IDH mutation status, No significant correlation of cyclin D1 was noted with age or sex of the patient.

Conclusion:

Cyclin D1 was associated with a higher grade of the glial tumor. It can be a potential marker both for prognosis and treatment of glial tumors.
Olfactory neuroblastoma with rhabdomyoblasts
Authors: Jin Yanling , Zhang Lizhi , Qi Wenjing , Zhou Yujing , Kong Jienan
Published: May 2024

Herein we present a case of a 62-year-old male patient who was admitted with the chief complaints of nasal obstruction. The histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation led to a diagnosis of olfactory neuroblastoma with rhabdomyoblasts. A review of the literature revealed that this is only the fourth case of olfactory neuroblastoma with rhabdomyoblasts. Thus, investigation of more cases and longer follow-up is necessary to understand the disease and identify the best treatment to improve prognosis.
Utility of serum anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody as a biomarker in membranous nephropathy
Authors: Mukherjee Sriranjan , Kumar Abhishek , Maity Priyanka , Sengupta Moumita , Basu Keya , Chaudhury Arpita Ray , Bandopadhyay Manimoy , Chakraborty Bidhan Chandra
Published: May 2024

Background:

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a pattern of glomerular injury. Exact categorization into primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) or secondary membranous nephropathy (SMN) is essential for treatment. An endogenous podocyte antigen, M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) has been discovered to be involved in the pathogenesis of PMN.

Aims and Objectives:

In this article, we aimed to analyze renal tissue PLA2R and serum anti-PLA2R antibodies in MN cases and determined the diagnostic utility.

Materials and Methods:

The study was of prospective type carried out from March 2019 to August 2020. Analysis of cases of MN was performed with PLA2R paraffin immunoflourescence and serum anti-PLA2R antibody ELISA.

Results:

Overall sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of serum anti-PLA2R ELISA for PMN was 91.3%, 80%, 75%, and 93.3%, respectively, and of tissue PLA2R staining for PMN was 91.67%, 81.08%, 75.86%, and 93.75%, respectively. There was strong concordance between two methods. In the patients that were followed up, we found baseline serum anti-PLA2R antibody was less in complete remission group than that in non-remission group and the reduction in serum anti-PLA2R antibody was more in complete remission group than that in non-remission group.

Conclusion:

Routine light and immunofluorescence examination are incapable of giving exact categorical opinion regarding PMN and SMN. Serum anti-PLA2R antibody detection and renal tissue PLA2R analysis are sensitive and specific in detecting PMN. Baseline serum anti-PLA2R antibody and anti-PLA2R antibody quantification trends are related to prognosis of PMN. So they can be incorporated as additional biomarker.
Expression of VEGF-A, HER2/neu, and KRAS in gall bladder carcinoma and their correlation with clinico-pathological parameters
Authors: Singh Pomilla , Jain Shyam Lata , Sakhuja Puja , Agarwal Anil
Published: May 2024

Background:

Gall bladder carcinoma (GBC) is a multi-factorial disease, involving multiple genetic alterations. The present pilot study aims to explore some of the molecular pathways, by studying immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of biomarkers (HER2/neu, KRAS, and VEGF) in GBC with their correlation with various clinicopathological parameters.

Aim of the Study:

To study the expression of prognostic biomarkers (HER2/neu, KRAS and VEGF-A) in GBC and their correlation with clinico-morphological parameters. Materials and

Methods:

This prospective study was conducted over a period of 2 years. The study group included tissue of GBC (29) reported as malignant on histopathology and cholecystitis as a control group (29) for histopathological evaluation and IHC expression of above markers.

Results:

HER2/neu was expressed in 27.5% cases, and KRAS in 51.6%; however, both showed no association with tumor type, stage and grade. No association was found in KRAS expression and dysplasia. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor - A (VEGF-A) was expressed in 86.1% cases, of which strong positivity was seen in 48.27%; it showed significant association with tumor stage (P value-0.027, Fishers' exact test), hence possibly suggesting its role in tumor progression; though no association was found in VEGF expression with tumor type and grade. No significant association was seen with vascular and tumor invasion also.

Conclusion:

The results suggest that the VEGF-A expression may be used as a potential prognostic biomarker in GBC.
Multicentric Castleman's disease in India – Does EBV rather than HHV8 play a role?
Authors: Bhanvadia Viral , Shet Tanuja , Rao Vidya , Epari Sridhar , Gujral Sumeet , Jain Hasmukh , Bagal Bhausaheb , Sengar Manju
Published: May 2024

Background and Aim:

Multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder manifesting as multiple lymphadenopathy, multiorgan involvement, and inflammatory symptoms. This study aims at highlighting some unique features of MCD in Indian patients.

Materials and Methods:

These 17 patients from review of 78 cases of Castleman's disease (CD) diagnosed. Besides routine tissue sections were stained for Human Herpes Virus 8 latency associated nuclear antigen (HHV8-LANA) by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Epstein Barr virus latent membrane protein (EBV-LMP) or Epstein Barr Virus by in situhybridization (EBER-ISH).

Result:

The cases included Plasma cell variant (11 cases), mixed MCD (4 cases) and two concurrent MCD with large B cell lymphoma in HIV positive patients. Median age of disease onset was 47 years and female predominance was seen. Out of 15 MCD uncomplicated by lymphoma, 5 had POEMS (Polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, myeloma protein, skin changes) and one also had TAFRO (Thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, marrow reticulin fibrosis, organomegaly, normal or slightly elevated immunoglobulin) syndrome. Out of 10 MCD without lymphoma, 2 cases showed few EBV positive large cells, both have features of POEMS. All 17 MCD cases were negative for HHV8-LANA IHC. Two HIV patients with MCD had large cell lymphoma, intrasinusoidal pattern, of which one was EBV positive. Though four relapses were seen, none died from disease. One of the two patients complicated by lymphoma died from disease.

Conclusion:

Indian patients with MCD show female preponderance and are negative for HHV8 but show EBV positive cells. This makes a case for role of EBV in etiopathogenesis of MCD in India.
Whole slide imaging
Authors: Iyengar Jayaram N.
Published: May 2024

The last two decades have seen considerable progress in the use of digital technology in histopathology. Digital photography of microscopic slides and the use of static images gave way to robotic microscopes. These technologies had their own limitations that precluded their widespread use. Creation of whole slide scanners that can produce digitized whole slide images (WSI) and the “comparable to conventional microscope” experience opened multiple avenues for their utilization not only in specific applications such as expert consults, quality assessment programs, education and archiving, but also for routine day-to-day reporting. Industry pressures driven by consumer requirements have led to great development in image quality, speed of scanning, size of stored files, and capital cost of scanners. User-friendly software and analytical algorithms have further enhanced user experience. Challenges that need to be either accepted or overcome would include capital expense not significantly yielding a return on investment, and management of storage space. This review attempts to take the reader through the evolution of WSI scanners and to share the author's experience with WSI for routine histopathology reporting, education, and external quality assessment along with a review of available literature.
Ossified uncertain malignant potential gastric glomus tumor with tumor thrombus
Authors: Guvendir Irem , Zemheri Itır Ebru , Altundal Kamile , Ozdil Kamil , Kahraman Resul , Tosun Ilkay
Published: May 2024

Glomus tumor is a rare mesenchymal tumor composed of perivascular glomus bodies. The most common presentation area of these tumors is peripheral soft tissue, particularly in the distal part of extremities. They rarely can occur in the gastrointestinal tract and the most common location is the stomach. Preoperative diagnosis of this tumor can be difficult because of rarity and overlapping features with other mesenchymal lesions with regard to clinical and pathological findings. Therefore, to exclude differential diagnosis and make a definitive diagnosis is possible only with histopathological examination. In this case, we evaluated glomus tumor of stomach according to 2019 WHO Digestive System Tumors and accurate diagnosed was Uncertain Malignant Potential Gastric Glomus Tumor.
A study of Human Epidermal Growth factor receptor-2 [HER-2] in Carcinoma Oesophagus [Single Institutional Tertiary cancer centre study from North-East part of India]
Authors: Kalita Deepjyoti , Bannoth Srinivas , Purkayastha Joydeep , Talukdar Abhijit , Das Gaurav
Published: May 2024

Background:

Oesophageal cancer both squamous cell [SCC] and adenocarcinoma have poor outcomes with high morbidity and mortality. Our hospital-based registry for year 2017–2018 showed that oesophageal cancer constituted 22.7% of annual case load. The main objective of this study was to determine the presence of HER-2 receptors in patients with oesophageal carcinoma in our region.

Methodology:

From September 2018 to September 2019, data regarding expression of HER-2 receptors was analysed in 133 patients of oesophageal carcinoma. Data were statistically described as frequencies (number of cases) and percentages where appropriate. Chi-square and Fischer's exact test was used to find out the association between categorical variables. A Pvalue less than 0.05 was considered as statistical significant at 95% confidence interval. The statistical analysis was performed using SSPS [statistical package for the social sciences] software version 17.0.

Results:

A total of 133 patients were taken into study. Majority of patients were males (96) with mean age of 52 years. Squamous cell carcinoma was predominant histology. HER-2 receptor positivity was seen in 6.01% of patients. Patients with HER-2 receptor positivity presented in advanced stage with poor functional status and poor grades of differentiation. Statistically significant correlation of Her-2 expression was seen with stage (p = 0.001) and pathology of tumour (p = 0.0001).

Conclusion:

Squamous cell carcinoma of oesophagus still predominates in North-eastern part of India. For studying the role of effective targeted therapies knowledge of frequency of HER-2 receptor positivity is of utmost importance in our population, and our study aims to answer this question. The present study shows low prevalence of HER-2 neu overexpression in our community, probably due to disproportionately high incidence of SCC compared to adenocarcinoma. Patients with HER-2 receptor positivity presented in advanced stage with poor functional status and poor grades of differentiation.
Oro-facial tuberculosis - Is it still an enigmatic entity?
Authors: Gupta Latika , Bhatt Anusha S. , Mallya Varuna , Rana Deepika , Khurana Nita , Singh Ishwar
Published: May 2024

Background and Aims:

The objective of this study was to analyze and review the clinical and histopathological aspects of oro-facial tuberculosis.

Methods:

Sixteen cases of oral mucosal biopsies diagnosed as granulomatous pathology consistent with tuberculosis were retrieved from the data base and clinical information and histopathological findings were analyzed retrospectively.

Results:

Of the total 16 cases, 12 were males while 4 were females. The age ranged from 15-70 years (mean of 39.6 years). Buccal mucosa, as an involved site, was seen in 31% of cases, while tonsil and soft palate constituted 3 cases each. Duration of symptoms ranged from 01-12 months (mean of 5.3 months). Oral examination revealed ulceroproliferative lesions in majority of the cases. Of sixteen cases, six cases (37.5%) each primarily as well as secondarily involved oral cavity while in 25% (4/16) of cases the status could not be evaluated. On histopathology, caseating granulomas were seen in 7 of 16 cases (43.75%) and non-caseating granulomas were seen in rest 56.25% of cases. Ziehl Neelsen stain for acid fast bacilli was positive in 31.25% (5/16) of cases.

Conclusion:

Though unusual, tuberculosis should always be included in the differentials of oral lesions in a country endemic to tuberculosis like India. Histopathological evaluation of the biopsy remains the indispensible tool to diagnose oro-facial tuberculosis.
Mature teratoma of liver in an adult male patient
Authors: Saba Firdos , Hamid Tahira , Alrawashdeh Hamzeh Younes M , Iqbal Mohammad Shahid , Tabassum Aisha
Published: May 2024

Teratomas are germ cell tumors occurring usually in gonadal organs. They are neoplasms composed of one or more of the three germ layers. Extragonadal teratomas are uncommonly reported in the literature. The liver is an extremely rare site for teratoma, constituting < 1% of all teratomas. The majority of the liver teratomas are found in the pediatric population with only a dozen cases reported in adults to the best of our knowledge. We present a case of a 27-year-old male with a history of abdominal pain of 5 months duration. CT scan revealed liver mass suggesting teratoma. The patient underwent cholecystectomy and segmental liver resection. Histopathology revealed mature cystic teratoma. Complete resection remains the best treatment option. Teratomas of the liver are extremely rare, constituting < 1% of all teratomas. An extensive review of the literature yielded < 50 cases of primary hepatic teratomas with only a dozen cases in adults and only two cases in males.
Venous malformation of the conjunctiva and orbit
Authors: Devaraj Athira , Gera Pratik , Swathi S , Kasturi Nirupama
Published: May 2024

A 28-year-old male presented with a large conjunctival lobulated, nonpulsatile, red vascular lesion involving a large part of the temporal quadrant of the left globe. There was no proptosis or globe displacement, but the left eye abduction was limited. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scan of the brain and orbit revealed an extensive contrast-enhancing lobulated lesion in the left half of the face involving the upper lip, cheek, oral cavity, extraconal space of left orbit, and nasal cavity. He underwent surgical excision of the conjunctival lesion with amniotic membrane reconstruction.
Elastin remodeling
Authors: Prabhudesai Sonal A. , Carvalho Karla , Dhupar Anita , Spadigam Anita
Published: May 2024

Background:

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic tissue that provides nutrition and support to overlying epithelium. During tumorigenesis, the tumor microenvironment (TME) dysregulates the ECM. This is reflected by morphological changes seen in collagen and elastic fibers and is thought to facilitate metastasis.

Aim:

To study the degradation of elastic fibers in different grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and in oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) using histochemistry and to correlate it to the TNM stage of OSCC.

Materials and Methods:

Tumor cores from 38 cases of OSCC (well-differentiated[15], moderately differentiated[14], and poorly differentiated[9]) and 15 incisional biopsies of OED were analyzed. Hematoxylin-eosin and Verhoeff's–Van Gieson (VVG) stains were used. The stained sections were assessed for morphological changes in elastic fibers.

Statistical Analysis:

Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 software. Fisher's exact, Kruskal–Wallis, one-way ANOVA, and Turkey post hoc tests were used to establish significance (P ≤ 0.05). Spearman's correlation test was used to correlate elastin fiber degradation with TNM stage of OSCC.

Results:

All grades of OSCC showed absence of elastic fibers around the tumor islands. Elastic fiber degradation (fragmented and clumped type fibers) increased proportionately with the grade and TNM stage of OSCC. In OED, A significant reduction in the amount of elastic fibers with increasing grade was noted.

Conclusion:

A positive correlation was noted between elastin degradation and grade and stage of OSCC. Therefore, it may be implicated in tumor progression of OSCC.
A rare case of thoracic brucellosis misdiagnosed as malignant tumor and literature review
Authors: Fengzhen Yang , Lihua Jiang , Jinying Wu , Maoli Yi
Published: May 2024

Brucellosis remains a major public health problem worldwide. It is commonly found in most developed and developing countries, such as the Mediterranean region, the Middle East, and Latin America. In China, brucellosis is mainly distributed in some of the northern provinces and is relatively rare in Shandong province. Brucellosis has a variety of clinical manifestations, with fever, sweating, fatigue, and migratory joint pain being the most common. Because of the non-specific clinical symptoms, brucellosis is often misdiagnosed as other diseases. Here, we report a rare case of brucellosis of thoracic vertebrae misdiagnosed as thoracic malignant tumor and present a review of related literature.
The hormone receptor status in breast cancer and the relationship of subtypes with clinicopathological features
Authors: Senel Fatma
Published: May 2024

Aim:

We aimed to determine the hormone receptor status in breast cancers and to investigate the relationship between single hormone receptor-positive, double hormone receptor-positive, double hormone receptor negativity, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status and some clinicopathological features.

Materials and Methods:

The study includes 85 patients who were diagnosed in our center between 2018 and 2019 and having surgical specimens were included in the study. Data of the cases, such as estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), HER2 status, silver in situhybridization (SISH) evaluation results, age distribution, histopathological findings were recorded.

Results and Conclusions:

We investigated the relationship between age, grade, tumor size, lymph node metastases and ER, PR, and HER2. However, there was not a significant association between ER, PR, and HER2 and age, tumor size, lymph node metastases (P > 0.05). On the other hand, we found a significant association between grades and ER (P = 0.02) and PR (P = 0.004), but not between grades and HER2 (P > 0.05). High-grade tumors were tumors with the lowest ER, PR positivity rate. Considering the four subtypes, cases aged above 45 years were at most double hormone receptor-positive (75%) and ER-positive/PR-negative (56%), respectively (P < 0.001). High-grade tumors were mostly double hormone receptor-negative and at least double hormone receptor positive. The ER-positive/PR-negative subtype was between these two groups (P < 0.001). The increased tumor size (T3) and increased metastatic lymph node number (N2 and N3) were observed at least in the ER-positive/PR-negative subtype. The majority of cases are in the older age group and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is the most common tumor type. Older cases are most frequently double hormone receptor-positive and ER-positive/PR-negative, respectively. The ER, PR positivity rate is low in high-grade tumors. ER-positive/PR-negative tumors are of a higher grade than double hormone receptor-positive tumors, but they are of a lower grade than double hormone receptor-negative tumors. The increased tumor size and increased lymph node metastasis number are at most in the double hormone negative subtype and at least in the ER-positive/PR-negative subtype. The ER-negative/PR-positive subtype is observed very rarely, which raises the question of whether ER-negative/PR-positive tumors really exist. Further studies are needed to investigate this subtype and its properties.
Lethal extracranial hemorrhage due to intracranial clivalchordoma
Authors: Margherita Manuela , Battistini Alessio , Gentile Guendalina , Andreola Salvatore , Boracchi Michele , Tambuzzi Stefano , Zoja Riccardo
Published: May 2024

We present a case of a 48-year-old man's unexpected death affected by a relapsed clivalchordoma. After partial excision surgery of the neoplasm, he manifested 5 days later, in conditions of well-being, a sudden lethal extracranial hemorrhage from nose and mouth. The autopsy examination and the subsequent histological investigations did not allow us to clarify the exact origin of the bleeding. Based on the negativity of the accurate examinations performed, the extent of the bleeding, and the findings highlighted by the means of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) carried out a few days before death, we have considered reasonable to localize the source of hemorrhage in the intrapetrous tract of the left internal carotid artery. Since this is a unique event, never previously documented, we believe that our report may be of interest to the scientific community.