bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
No Cost of Complexity in Bacteriophages Adapting to a Complex Environment
Authors: Sackman Andrew M , Rokyta Darin R
Published: February 2019

A longstanding prediction in evolutionary biology is that organisms experience a “cost of complexity” such that an increase in the number of phenotypes under selection results in a decreased rate of adaptation in the population...

A long-standing prediction in evolutionary biology is that organisms experience a so-called “cost of complexity” manifested as a decreasing rate of adaptation in populations as organisms or selective environments become increasingly complex. This theory assumes the ubiquity of antagonistic pleiotropy, or trade-offs in fitness, for mutations affecting multiple traits or phenotypes. A particular manifestation of antagonism thought to be at play in adaptive dynamics involves the relationship between viral growth rate and capsid stability, an interaction that may impede the adaptation of viral pathogens to novel hosts and environments. Here, we present a comparison of the genetics of adaptation for populations of bacteriophages undergoing complete adaptive walks under both simple and complex selective conditions, with complexity being determined by the number of traits under directional selection. We found no evidence for a long-term cost of complexity in viruses experiencing complex selection, with on average at least as great a rate of adaptation under more complex conditions, and rampant evidence for synergistic, rather than antagonistic, pleiotropy. The lack of evident trade-offs between multiple phenotypes implies that emerging pathogens may be able to improve their growth in many different hosts or environments simultaneously, and to do so at a faster rate than previously anticipated.
Cripping The Stage
Authors: Mann Barbara
Published: February 2019

A series of pen and coloured ink drawings by Barbara Mann, drawn at Cripping the Stage: A Disability Cabaret.
Confiabilidade e concordância intra e interavaliadores na avaliação da pressão perineal em nulíparas
Authors: Martins Marília , Dreher Daniela Zeni , Callegaro Carine Cristina , Berlezi Evelise Moraes
Published: February 2019

AIMS: To verify intra and inter-rater reliability and concordance in the assessment of perineal pressure in nulliparous women.METHODS: Young, healthy, nulliparous, non-pregnant women who had had sexual intercourse and had a correct contraction of the perineal musculature on physical examination were included. Women were excluded if they used other muscles in a visually perceptible way during the perineal contraction; with changes in the pelvic muscles tone; with urinary incontinence; with cognitive alterations; with disease that could affect the muscular and nervous tissues; or practitioners of high-impact physical activity. The participants were submitted to two assessments of perineal pressure on the same day, with different evaluators. After one week the protocol was repeated. Perineal pressure was determined by means of a perineometer and obtained by the difference between the maximum pressure (Pmax) and the minimum pressure (Pmin) recorded by the device, in millimeters of mercury. Sustained contraction (SC) was evaluated by the time in seconds. In order to determine reliability, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used. Bland-Altman test was used for the concordance analysis. Comparison of means was performed by the Wilcoxon test. A value of p≤0.05 was considered significant.RESULTS: Ten participants were included, with a mean age of 23.8±2.9 years and a body mass index of 22.2±1.8 kg / m². The evaluator A obtained excellent intra-rater reliability for Pmin (ICC=0.86, p<0.01) and Pmax (ICC=0.92, p<0.01); very good reliability for perineal pressure (ICC=0.65, p=0.01); and no statistical significance for SC. For evaluator B, there was no statistical significance for Pmin and Pmax, but there was very good reliability for perineal pressure (ICC=0.78, p<0.01) and SC (ICC = 0.70, p<0.01). In the inter-rater analysis (A vs B), on day 1 there was no statistical significance for Pmin, Pmax and perineal pressure; but there was very good reliability for SC (ICC=0.71, p<0.01). On day 2, there was no statistical significance for Pmin and Pmax, but there was very good reliability for perineal pressure (ICC=0.62, p=0.02) and good for SC (ICC=0.56, p=0.03). There was agreement between intra and inter-rater measurements.CONCLUSIONS: Perineal pressure measurements showed very good intra-rater reliability and good to very good inter-rater reliability, with intra and inter-rater concordance.
Revisitação aos atores e territórios psicotrópicos do Porto: olhares etnográficos no espaço de 20 anos
Authors: Mata Simão , Fernandes Luís
Published: February 2019

Este artigo tem como proposta acompanhar a evolução dos atores e dos territórios psicotrópicos desde o início dos anos 90 até à atualidade, tendo por base o conhecimento gerado por duas investigações etnográficas levadas a cabo no Porto. A segunda, atualmente em curso, é a revisitação da primeira, realizada por um dos autores nos anos 90. As unidades de estudo, tanto na primeira etnografia como na atual, são espaços situados no interior de bairros sociais ou nas suas imediações nos quais há concentração de indivíduos com interesses nas drogas, sejam eles comerciais ou de consumo. Ambas as pesquisas caracterizam as dinâmicas territoriais do fenómeno droga bem como os seus principais protagonistas em territórios psicotrópicos que se tornaram referenciados no discurso mediático como “bairros das drogas”. Relativamente aos atores aprofundamos a fenomenologia do “agarrado”, descrevendo as suas práticas e vivências, as funções várias que pode desempenhar no funcionamento do território psicotrópico, as estratégias que desenvolve na rua para conseguir financiar o seu consumo. Encontramos hoje sensivelmente o mesmo perfil sociográfico dos atores que caracterizámos na primeira investigação, se excetuarmos o facto de naquela altura haver bastantes indivíduos mais jovens. Quanto aos territórios psicotrópicos, a possibilidade de os olharmos com 20 anos de distância entre as duas etnografias permite notar: a estabilidade temporal das suas características e funcionamento; a grande longevidade de alguns deles, que continuam hoje com a sua localização, dinâmicas e funções mais ou menos inalteradas; grande capacidade de resistência às investidas policiais.
Socialização e poder no campo das pessoas em situação de rua na cidade de São Paulo
Authors: Lanfranchi Carolina Teixeira Nakagawa , Ferreirinho Viviane Canecchio
Published: February 2019

O artigo entende a população em situação de rua como um campo. Assim, busca as especificidades de seu capital, lutas postas pela diferença de poder entre sujeitos, as regras inerentes ao campo e habitus. A essência da teoria de Bourdieu está sempre a serviço para compreender como os esquemas de dominação e poder simbólico estão estruturados na sociedade. A tarefa de aplicar sua teoria à população em situação de rua de São Paulo começa por defini-la como um campo, em seguida analisam-se dados empíricos específicos para a compreensão de parte de seus bens simbólicos particulares. Em conclusão, o estudo indica algumas das variáveis que definem o sistema de disposições inculcadas, que vão desde códigos corporais, densidade do ponto de concentração, acesso a serviços públicos como importantes fatores de distinção e resistência à institucionalização.
Changes in the oxygen transport system of erythrocytes in testing the general endurance of students
Authors: Neporadna N.I. , Popel’ S.L.
Published: February 2019

The aim of the study: to reveal morpho-functional changes in erythrocytes in students with different levels of general endurance. Material and methods: It was examined 80 students (17-19 years old). The students performed a 12-min shuttle run (20m endurance shuttle-run - bleep test). The ventilation function of the lungs was estimated according to the forced exhalation data. The gas composition of the blood was determined by the gas analyzer ОРТІ ССА-TS. Results. It was determined that in students with lower than average and low levels of general endurance, the increase of lungs ventilation is stipulated by the increase in the frequency of respiration. This leads to rapid tiredness of the respiratory muscles, reduces ventilation of the lungs and gas exchange. Low levels of blood oxygenation, intensity of oxidative phosphorylation and ATP resynthesis lead to the appearance of atypical forms of erythrocytes. It is established that at the low level of cardiorespiratory endurance there is an increase in the concentration of acidic metabolism products in arterial blood and reduce in its alkaline reserves. Conclusions. Students with below average and low levels of physical fitness are characterized by: increased respiratory rate, reduced ventilation of the lungs and gas exchange. This leads to the formation of a hypoxic condition in the peripheral blood: a reduce of pO2, pCO2 level and the appearance of metabolic acidosis symptoms. For students with below average and low level of physical fitness hypoxic condition leads to violation of bioenergetic processes in peripheral blood erythrocytes, reduction of ATP product, increase in the content of intra-erythrocytic 2,3-BPG.
Effect of physical exercises and perceived stress interaction on students’ satisfaction with life
Authors: Olefir V.O. , Kuznetsov M.A. , Plokhikh V.V.
Published: February 2019

Purpose : to find out the effect of regular physical exercises and perceived stress interaction on students’ satisfaction with life. Material and methods : The study involved university students (n = 355; М age = 19,97; SD = 2,12). The moderator analysis was conducted according to the cross-sectional questionnaire. Results : It is determined that the difference in students' satisfaction with life at the average and high perceived stress is due to physical exercises. The influence of the interaction of variables (physical activity x perceived stress) on satisfaction with life was statistically significant. Conclusions : It is revealed the peculiarities of interaction between the physical exercises and perceived stress. The reduce of satisfaction with life under the influence of perceived stress is more typical for those students who do not regularly practice physical exercises. Physical exercises act as a buffer against stress.
Structure and content of tourists’ physical training at the stage of preliminary basic training
Authors: Savchenko V.G. , Moskalenko N.V. , Mikitchik O.S. , Gorbonos-Andronova O.R. , Lukina O.V.
Published: February 2019

The purpose of the research is to substantiate scientifically the structure and content of tourists’ physical training at the stage of preliminary basic training. Material and methods . The study involved athletes aged 12-13 years. The control and experimental groups consist of 32 young men in each group. Results . It was developed and experimentally substantiated the structure and content of athletes-tourists’ physical training. It was determined the content and volumes of physical training types (general, special and additional). It was developed the complexes of training exercises with a rational correlation of general and additional physical training means. The ratio of the main types of training was as follows: general physical training - 35%, special - 15% and additional - 50%. Conclusions . The rock climbing and slacklining were offered for the preparatory period as the means of additional physical training. These means are based on the structure of motor activity and preferential orientation focused on the development of coordination, power, speed and speed-power qualities.
Contemporary Chinese Discourse and Social Practice in China, Linda Tsung and Wei Wang (eds) (2015)
Authors: Ke Zhang
Published: February 2019

Contemporary Chinese Discourse and Social Practice in ChinaLinda Tsung and Wei Wang (eds) (2015)Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John BenjaminsISBN: 9789027201843 (hardback). Pp. 223
Sociolingüística, María José Serrano (2011)
Authors: Bartens Angela
Published: February 2019

SociolingüísticaMaría José Serrano (2011)Barcelona: Ediciones del SerbalISBN: 978-84-7628-650. Pp. 403
Levelling in progress
Authors: Benítez Fernández Montserrat
Published: February 2019

Children and young people with different varieties of Moroccan Arabic as their mother tongue and settled in the city of Zaragoza in north-eastern Spain participated in a sociolinguistic study that was carried out in 2011. The aim of the research was to analyse the linguistic practices of these young people and in particular to explore the linguistic levelling processes that may be taking place among these informants in a context where there is not only inter-dialectal contact but also contact with Spanish. Their speech was found to contain three features that point to levelling processes, one of them phonological -- the realisation of the Arabic phoneme /q/ -- and the other two morphological -- the construction of broken plurals and the bare construction of the present tense.
Arabic kinship terms revisited
Authors: Naciri-Azzouz Amina
Published: February 2019

This article reports on a study that focuses on the different kinship terms collected in several places in north-western Morocco, using elicitation and interviews conducted between March 2014 and June 2015 with several dozens of informants aged between 8 and 80. The analysed data include terms from the urban contexts of the city of Tetouan, but most of them were gathered in rural locations: the small village of Bni ?lu (Fahs-Anjra province) and different places throughout the coastal and inland regions of Ghomara (Chefchaouen province). The corpus consists of terms of address, terms of reference and some hypocoristic and affective terms.
Estupros no Brasil e relações com o consumo de álcool: estimativas baseadas em autorrelato sigiloso
Authors: Massaro Luciana Teixeira dos Santos , Adesse Leila , Laranjeira Ronaldo , Caetano Raul , Madruga Clarice S.
Published: February 2019

Com base na análise dos dados de corte transversal provenientes do Segundo Levantamento Nacional de Álcool e Drogas realizado em 2012, utilizando-se uma amostra probabilística estratificada por conglomerado representativa da população brasileira, este estudo apresenta as prevalências de estupro e analisa a relação deste evento com o consumo de álcool. Foram considerados 1.918 homens e 2.365 mulheres, totalizando uma amostra de 4.283 indivíduos. Nossos resultados estimam a prevalência de estupro na vida em 2,6% da população geral, sendo 1,7% entre os homens e 3,5% entre as mulheres. Para ambos os sexos, as maiores prevalências se concentraram entre indivíduos com idades entre 26 e 59 anos (3,3%), com baixa escolaridade (3,8%), solteiros, divorciados ou viúvos (3,1%). Entre os indivíduos com diagnóstico para transtorno por uso de álcool de acordo com o DSM-5 (Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais), 6% relataram ser vítimas de estupro, bem como, 3,3% daqueles que disseram beber pesado episódico (binge). Análises de regressão logística e multifatorial indicaram que tanto para mulheres quanto para homens a idade (aqueles entre 26 e 59 anos), o estado civil (solteiro), o diagnóstico de transtorno por uso de álcool e o beber pesado episódico são fatores associados ao aumento da probabilidade de vitimização por estupro, enquanto maior nível de educação (mais do que 9 anos de estudos) revelou-se um fator capaz de diminuir as chances de ocorrência. A identificação da amplitude desse problema de saúde pública, bem como a avaliação da urgência na implantação de medidas preventivas e assistenciais, partem do conhecimento das prevalências e do perfil sociodemográfico das vítimas.
Socioeconomic inequalities in the consumption of fruits and vegetables: Colombian National Nutrition Survey, 2010
Authors: Herran Oscar Fernando , Patiño Gonzalo Alberto , Gamboa Edna Magaly
Published: February 2019

The objective of this study was to estimate inequalities in the consumption of fruits and vegetables. A multilevel study was performed based on cross-sectional data of adults from 18 to 64 years of age (n = 5,217) and in geodemographic units (n = 33). The consumption of fruits and vegetables was estimated with a food frequency questionnaire administered as part of the 2010 Colombian National Nutrition Survey (ENSIN). Inequality indices for the consumption of whole fruits and fruit juice and for raw and cooked vegetables were estimated using data on wealth, food security, geographical area and monetary poverty. The prevalence of the consumption of cooked vegetables was 64.8% (95%CI: 59.2-70.4) among men and the prevalence of the consumption of fruit juice was 86.1% (95%CI: 82.4-89.8) among women. The frequency of the consumption of fruit juice was 1.03 times/day (95%CI: 0.93-1.14) among women. The prevalence and frequency fruits and vegetables consumption per day for the three socioeconomic variables considered in this study are higher according to the higher socioeconomic level (p < 0.05), except for the consumption frequency of whole fruits/day (p = 0.24). At the individual level, the Gini coefficient for frequency/day ranged from 0.51 to 0.62. At the ecological level, the Gini index for prevalence ranged from 0.04 to 0.14; and for frequency/day ranged from 0.03 to 0.11. The Colombian population does not meet fruits and vegetables consumption recommendations. Men and women favor the consumption of fruit juice over whole fruits. The inequality in vegetable consumption is clear, with men at a disadvantage. The poor eat fewer fruits and vegetables.
Doação de gametas: questões sociais e éticas (não) respondidas em Portugal
Authors: Silva Sandra Pinto da , Freitas Cláudia De , Baía Inês , Samorinha Catarina , Machado Helena , Silva Susana
Published: February 2019

Resumo: Conhecer a discussão em torno dos desafios sociais e éticos da doação de gametas é fundamental para a boa governança das técnicas de reprodução assistida. Neste artigo, analisam-se os tópicos que orientaram o debate nas organizações de ética portuguesas, discutindo as suas conexões com os temas abordados internacionalmente. Para tal, em março de 2018, pesquisamos sistematicamente os websites do Conselho Nacional de Procriação Medicamente Assistida e do Conselho Nacional de Ética para as Ciências da Vida. Procedemos à análise de conteúdo temática de 25 documentos. Os resultados indicam que o debate se centrou na acessibilidade, no anonimato e na compensação de doadores e, em menor extensão, nas responsabilidades profissionais. Observaram-se posicionamentos heterogêneos e tensões entre múltiplos direitos e princípios éticos associados a receptores, a pessoas nascidas com recurso à doação de gametas e a doadores. Esses têm em comum três alegações: a escassez de evidência científica; as experiências de outros países; e regulamentações oriundas de entidades internacionais. Na literatura abordam-se tópicos adicionais, nomeadamente: uma via dupla que conjugue anonimato/identificação de doadores; implementação de sistemas de registo reprodutivo para receptores e doadores; limites do rastreio genético a doadores; doação por familiares/conhecidos; e o papel dos doadores na decisão quanto ao destino de embriões criopreservados e na escolha das características dos receptores dos seus gametas. Há espaço para expandir o debate e promover a pesquisa em torno das implicações sociais e éticas da doação de gametas, considerando a participação de todos os cidadãos.
Vegetative propagation of pequi (souari nut) by cutting
Authors: Guimarães Ricardo Neves , Souza Eli Regina Barboza de , Naves Ronaldo Veloso , Melo Aniela Pilar Campos de , Rubio Neto Aurélio
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT: Pequi is propagated mainly by the seminal pathway (seminal route) and presents an uneven and reduced germination. The increasing demand for fruits and seedlings for reforestation indicate the need for new strategies for the propagation of this species which would minimize the negative impact of predatory extractivism on Caryocar brasiliense. The present study aimed to assist the development of a protocol for the cutting of the pequi tree (pequizeiro). Different ages of the matrix plant and levels of foliation and pruning were assessed through the collection (sampling) of cuttings (stakes) from plants in the field. It was noted that cuttings (stakes) from seedlings (young plants) have greater rooting capacity when compared to cuttings derived from adult plants. Pequi leafless stakes failed to root. In contrast, stakes with 50% of leaflets cut from their original size showed 2.5% of rooting whereas those with 6 leaflets showed 22.5% of rooting. Stakes from pruned apical branches exhibited 21.2% of rooting. Both callogenesis and rooting of pequi stakes demonstrated the potential of this particular species from the Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) for cutting.
GRAMSCI, CROCE E A HISTÓRIA POLÍTICA DOS INTELECTUAIS
Authors: Bianchi Alvaro
Published: February 2019

Um dos projetos desenvolvidos por Antonio Gramsci consiste em uma ampla crítica das ideias do filósofo Benedetto Croce. Inicialmente concebida como parte de uma pesquisa sobre a teoria da história e da historiografia, essa crítica desloca-se, gradativamente, em direção a uma história política dos intelectuais italianos da qual Croce seria um dos protagonistas. Este artigo reconstrói o percurso dessa pesquisa no interior dos Quaderni del carcere, cotejando-os com a correspondência que seu autor manteve com Tatiana Schucht e, por intermédio dela, com Piero Sraffa. Essa reconstrução permite jogar novas luzes sobre o próprio método de investigação de Antonio Gramsci, o qual assume como princípio a identidade entre filosofia, história e política.
El proyecto educativo en las escuelas francesas: retos profesionales para la transformación de la escuela
Authors: Fernández Rosa Orellana , Brito Olivier
Published: February 2019

Resumen Este artículo busca aportar elementos de comprensión sobre la manera en que los profesores de la educación primaria francesa asumen la realización de sus proyectos educativos y, más globalmente, comprender cómo estos proyectos influyen en la escuela. El análisis, focalizado en el aprendizaje organizativo, ambiciona describir las facultades de las escuelas para vincular sus acciones a un proceso de producción del conocimiento mediante el proyecto educativo de la escuela. La investigación es de tipo etnográfica y está situada en la región Ile-de-France. Para efectos del análisis, nos hemos apoyado en las preconizaciones de la teoría fundamentada en los hechos. Nuestros resultados subrayan los múltiples retos que plantea el proyecto de escuela en la búsqueda de una actividad original que responda a sus problemáticas ordinarias. Demostramos que el desarrollo profesional de los docentes es una cuestión que se sitúa en el centro del proyecto educativo, por cuanto este interroga las estructuras de conocimiento individual y colectivo preexistentes de la profesión. Nuestro postulado es que las experiencias profesionales que se producen durante el proyecto educativo podrían nutrir el capital de conocimientos que emergen desde la práctica docente dentro y fuera del aula. Es decir, si el proyecto se considerara como un proceso que pretende la inteligibilidad de la realidad escolar y no solo como un conjunto de acciones, sería posible, para los docentes, comprender y aprender de las problemáticas que los mismos proyectos plantean.
Who is Being Trained in Economics? A New Interactive Website for Exploring the Race, Ethnicity, and Gender of Economics Majors at U.S. Colleges and Universities
Authors: Bayer Amanda , Jang Bo Yeon , Wilcox David
Published: February 2019

This note provides a brief users guide for the new interactive website that allows visitors to explore data on who is being trained in economics at each college and university in the U.S.
Getting Smart About Phones: New Price Indexes and the Allocation of Spending Between Devices and Services Plans in Personal Consumption Expenditures
Authors: Byrne David M. , Sichel Daniel E. , Aizcorbe Ana
Published: February 2019

This paper addresses two measurement issues for mobile phones. First, we develop a new mobile phone price index using hedonic quality-adjusted prices for smartphones and a matched-model index for feature phones. Our index falls at an average annual rate of 17 percent during 2010-2018, close to the rate of decline in the price index used in the GDP Accounts. Given relatively flat average prices over this period, our index points to substantial quality improvement. Second, we propose a methodology to disentangle purchases of phones and wireless services when they are bundled together as part of a long-term service contract. Getting the allocation right is especially important for real PCE because the price deflators for phones and wireless services exhibit very different trends. Our adjusted estimates suggest that real PCE spending currently captured in the category Cellular Phone Services increased 4 percentage points faster than is reflected in published data.
Antep savunması’nın Gaziantep ili yerleşme adları üzerindeki etkisi ve bu etkinin Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri tabanlı mekânsal analizi
Authors: UZUN Erol , DOĞAN UZUN Pınar
Published: February 2019

Antep Savunması süresince 6317 şehit verilmesi ve zor şartlar altında bir yılı aşkın bir süre boyunca Fransızlara karşı büyük bir direniş gösterilmiş olması nedeniyle TBMM tarafından 6 Şubat 1921'de şehre "Gazilik" unvanı verilerek Antep halkının onurlandırılması, eski Türk devletlerindeki ad verme geleneğiyle benzerlik göstermektedir. Günümüz şartları açısından bakıldığında ise,  gazilik unvanı ile mekâna kutsallık kazandırılması ve halkın onurlandırılması, ulus ve ulus devlet inşa etme amacına yönelikti. Ancak vatanın yeniden inşası sürecinde yerleşme adlarında görülen değişimi sadece Türklere ve Türk devletlerine özgü bir durum olarak algılamak doğru değildir. Bağımsızlığı yeni elde etmiş veya elde etme mücadelesi veren uluslar, genellikle benzer uygulamalara başvurmakta ve bölgeye hâkim olduklarını göstermek amacıyla yer ve yerleşme adlarını kendilerine uygun hale getirme çabası içerisine girmektedirler. Antep Savunması’nın yerleşme adları üzerindeki etkisinin ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri’nden yararlanılarak bu etkinin mekân üzerindeki yansımasının ele alındığı çalışmada, yerleşme adları-olay-mekân ilişkisi analiz edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemlerinin, mekân üzerinde yapılacak araştırmalara yeni yaklaşımlar kazandırması, son yıllarda yerleşme adları konusunda yürütülen araştırmalarda görülen artışa rağmen coğrafyacılar tarafından yapılan araştırmaların sayıca azlığı ve Antep Savunması’nın yerleşme adları üzerindeki güçlü etkisi, çalışmanın yapılmasındaki gerekçeleri oluşturmaktadır. İlin ve iki merkez ilçenin, şehrin, il merkezindeki mahalle yerleşmelerinin yaklaşık % 3’nün ve sokak sayısının % 0,25'inin adı üzerinde Antep Savunması’nın etkisinin görülmesi, bu güçlü etkinin somut kanıtlarını oluşturmaktadır.Antep
Savunması’nın yerleşme adları üzerindeki etkisinin ve Coğrafi Bilgi
Sistemlerinden yararlanılarak bu etkinin mekân üzerindeki yansımasının ele
alındığı çalışmada, yerleşme adları-olay-mekân ilişkisi analiz edilmeye
çalışılmıştır. Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemlerinin, mekân üzerinde yapılacak
araştırmalara yeni yaklaşımlar kazandırması, son yıllarda yerleşme adları
konusunda yürütülen araştırmalarda görülen artışa rağmen coğrafyacılar
tarafından yapılan araştırmaların sayıca azlığı ve Antep Savunması’nın yerleşme
adları üzerindeki güçlü etkisi, çalışmanın yapılmasındaki amaç ve gerekçeleri
oluşturmaktadır. İlin ve iki merkez ilçenin, şehrin, il merkezindeki mahalle
yerleşmelerinin yaklaşık % 3’nün ve sokak sayısının % 0,25'inin
adı üzerinde Antep Savunması’nın etkisinin görülmesi, bu güçlü etkinin somut
kanıtlarını oluşturmaktadır.
Geyik Dağı üzerindeki dolin ve uvalaların morfotektonik önemi
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Mesut , ÖZTÜRK Muhammed Zeynel , TUROĞLU Hüseyin
Published: February 2019

Karbonatlı anakayanın çözünmesi sonucunda oluşan dolin ve uvalalar (karstik depresyonlar) Toros Dağları’ndaki yüksek karstik alanların hakim yerşekillerindendir. Bu şekillerin oluşumu, yoğunluğu, şekil geometrisi ve dağılım deseni üzerinde yapısal unsurların büyük etkisi bulunur. Özellikle dolinlerin yönelimi üzerinde sıkışma, gerilme ve makaslamaya dayalı tektonik deformasyon yapılarının doğrultuları belirleyici olur. Bu araştırmada Geyik Dağı kütlesi üzerinde tektonizmanın dolin yoğunluğu, geometrisi ve dağılışlarında nasıl bir etkiye sahip olduğunun ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. 1/25000 harita ölçeğinde tespit edilen tüm karstik şekiller coğrafi bilgi sistemleri ortamında poligon olarak sayısallaştırılmıştır. Ardından her şekle ait 7 farklı parametreden oluşan veri seti oluşturulmuştur. 1x1 km’lik gridler aracılığıyla dolin yoğunluğunun ve 2.5x2.5 km’lik gridler aracılığıyla dolin yöneliminin alansal dağılışı ortaya konulmuştur. Topografya haritalarından gerçekleştirilen sayısallaştırma işlemi sonucunda 2.108 km2’lik alan içerisinde toplam 25.599 dolin ve uvala tespit edilmiştir. Kütle üzerinde karstik şekillerin yoğunluğu maksimum 145 adet/km2’ye kadar ulaşmaktadır. Tüm depresyonların uzun eksenlerinin yönelimleri dağın ve tektonik hatların genel uzanımına paralel olarak KB-GD doğrultusundadır. Tüm haritalar ve tektonik yapılar arasındaki ilişkilere göre bindirme faylarının yoğunluk üzerinde, yanal ve düşey atımlı fayların depresyonların şekilleri üzerinde daha fazla etkili olduğunu gösterir.
iPSC Cortical Differentiation v1
Authors: M Karch Celeste , Martinez Rita , Marsh Jacob
Published: February 2019

All methods described in this collection should be performed using sterile technique.
Screening Edited iPSC Clones v1
Authors: M Karch Celeste , Martinez Rita , Marsh Jacob
Published: February 2019

Screening Edited iPSC Clones Expanding and gDNA Extraction from iPSC Clones Note: It takes approximately 1 week for iPSC picked into 96 well plates to be sufficiently confluent for freezing and screening. For screening purposes, a fraction of the cells picked into one well of a 96 well plate will be saved for DNA Extraction and the remaining will be kept in culture or frozen down.
Cassava Root Sampling for Cyanide Analysis v1
Authors: LE Imakumbili Matema
Published: February 2019

This protocol describes how to collect cassava root samples from a field or experimental plot for total cyanide (HCN) determination.
MRI and Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer (Multi-IMPROD) v1
Authors: Jambor Ivan
Published: February 2019

MULTI-IMPROD clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02241122) is a mutli-institutional validation trial of IMPROD trial (NCT01864135) using the same clinical trial set up, MRI acquisition and reporting system as IMPROD trial. Multi-IMPROD validated at 4 centers the use of high quality rapid 3 Tesla biparametric magnetic resonance imaging (bpMRI), T2-weighted imaging and three separate diffusion-weighted imaging acquisitions, combined with targeted biopsy (TB) for improving risk stratification of men with elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) before their first biopsy.
THE IMPERATIVES OF INCREASING THE COUNTRIES COMPETITIVENESS IN THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL SERVICES MARKET
Authors: Voinova E.
Published: February 2019

There is a theoretical substantiation of the concept of increasing the competitiveness of countries in the world financial services market in the article. The key points to be based are the components of the country's competitiveness in the world financial services market. It is determined that exporters, the state, educational institutions, the whole industry are the parties who in one way or another are competent to raise certain elements of the country's competitiveness. But this approach contradicts the statement of M. Porter, who emphasized that competitiveness can be increased by companies during their competition only, and any attempts to intervene by the state to weaken it lead to the loss of competitive advantages.
Responsabilidad extracontractual del Estado en Colombia y constitución democrática
Authors: Buitrago Quintero Angélica María
Published: February 2019

Constitución y responsabilidad Estatal (derecho administrativo) son términos bastante cercanos, no sólo porque coinciden en los aspectos más determinantes de su evolución y conso-lidación, sino también porque ambos dialogan constantemente y se nutren recíprocamente. En efecto, el papel activo que empezó a tener la administración pública hacia finales del S iglo XVIII condujo a la necesidad de establecer unos límites al ejercicio del poder y a la idea de que este último debía someterse al derecho. Adicionalmente, el respeto a los Derechos Fundamentales pasó a ser una exigencia para las autoridades estatales y un límite para sus actuaciones. Con el surgimiento de las constituciones modernas y con el paso del Estado irresponsable al Estado responsable, la responsabilidad de la administración pública se convierte cada vez más en un importante y efectivo mecanismo para controlar y limitar el ejercicio del poder y garantizar mate -rialmente los derechos fundamentales y la supremacía del texto constitucional, circunstancia que también se aprecia en el contexto de una Constitución democrática -como la colombiana de 1991-, en la que la responsabilidad del Estado contribuye, además, al respeto y al cumplimiento de la voluntad popular expresada en la Carta Política.
El Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos, sus sentencias y su eficacia
Authors: Gómez Betancur Milany Andres
Published: February 2019

El Sistema Interamericano de Protección de los Derechos Humanos, comienza específica-mente en 1948, año en que nace la Declaración Universal de Derechos Humanos. Empieza así, una esperanza a nivel mundial para salvaguardar los derechos de todas las personas después de las catástrofes ocurridas en la primera mitad del Siglo XX. Lo anterior, reforzó el carácter de los Derechos Humanos, siendo reconocidos también derechos sociales y económicos, además de los civiles y políticos. Ahora bien, es también cierto, que estos últimos derechos son imperativos para el capitalismo de libre mercado funcione, pues este sistema económico precisa la salvaguarda fundamental del derecho a la propiedad. Por ello, el presentetrabajo intenta, tomando como ejemplo el Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos, demostrar que los sistemas internacionales de protección de los Derechos Humanos son necesarios para poder garantizar los derechos básicos que una economía de libre mercado precisa.
… Identidad y gerencia
Authors: Calambas Paja Fabio
Published: February 2019

Luego de ser sustentada en calidad de ensayo final, como requisito parcial para optar el título de Especialista en Gerencia Social de la Escuela Superior de Administración Pública, ESAP, Territorial Cauca, se presenta en su segunda versión, con argumentos sustanciales y esencias de un paradigma de interpretaciones socioculturales desde una visión estratégica-cultural, sin comprometer el componente social como factor consecuencial más frecuente, especialmente entre los pueblos Indígenas de Colombia y América, que sobreviviendo toda una vida de discriminación y marginamiento han podido seguir sosteniendo esa reproducción social.
Estudio de benchmarking competitivo aplicado a cuatro empresas del sector avícola colombiano
Authors: Benavides Sánchez Edward , Corrales Castillo Emilio J. , Betancourt Guerrero Benjamín
Published: February 2019

El estudio es un análisis de referenciación competitiva, más conocido como Benchmarking Competitivo, realizado a cuatro empresas del sector avícola en Colombia, el cual tiene por propósito realizar una aproximación a los posibles factores claves de éxito necesarios para el análisis de la competitividad de las empresas avícolas del país, lo que permitirá hacer comparaciones, determinar en qué punto sobresale cada una de las empresas a evaluar y sobre todo, identificar la magnitud de las brechas entre las empresas a comparar. La aplicación metodológica estará basada en el modelo de referenciación competitiva El estudio es un análisis de referenciación competitiva, más conocido como Benchmarking Competitivo, realizado a cuatro empresas del sector avícola en Colombia, el cual tiene por propósito realizar una aproximación a los posibles factores claves de éxito necesarios para el análisis de la competitividad de las empresas avícolas del país, lo que permitirá hacer comparaciones, determinar en qué punto sobresale cada una de las empresas a evaluar y sobre todo, identificar la magnitud de las brechas entre las empresas a comparar. La aplicación metodológica estará basada en el modelo de referenciación competitiva
Prevención de la accidentalidad y del ausentismo laboral para la promoción del autocuidado
Authors: Escudero Sabogal Irina
Published: February 2019

La accidentalidad laboral es una de las principales causas directamente relacionada con el ausentismo, y cuando no se llevan registros ésta puede impactar negativamente el Sistema de Gestión de Seguridad y Salud en el trabajo de cualquier organización, afectando su productividad y competividad. Objetivos: Analizar la producción bibliográfica relacionada con la accidentalidad y el ausentismo laboral, la importancia de su prevención en las empresas para lograr ambientes de trabajo saludables. Metodología: Mediante revisión bibliográfica, con bases científicas y estudios relacionados en el área, se analizará la importancia de la prevención de la accidentalidad y del ausentismo laboral para la promoción del autocuidado para el fortalecimiento de los sistemas de gestión de seguridad y salud en el trabajo en las organizaciones y con ello, mejorar la calidad de vida de sus trabajadores. Resultados: La búsqueda bibliográfica evidenció que no se están llevando a cabo de manera sistemática y prioritaria las actividades de identificación, evaluación y control de los riesgos, como parte de los programas de vigilancia epidemiológica dentro del sistema de gestión de seguridad y salud en el trabajo, como las tareas de investigación de accidentes y enfermedades laborales, conllevando a incapacidad laboral y ausentismo, impactando negativamente el sistema de gestión de seguridad y salud en el trabajo de las empresas en Colombia.
Micropolítica y macropolítica en las organizaciones educativas
Authors: Cabrera Otálora Martha Isabel , Giraldo Díaz Reinaldo
Published: February 2019

La dimensión política de las instituciones educativas se relaciona con dos enfoques. Uno interno -o de micropolítica educativa- y otro estructural -macropolítico y macroeconómico-; siendo necesaria la superposición de ambos enfoques para conocer más apropiadamente la realidad. En este artículo de investigación se analiza críticamente la dimensión política que los organismos multilaterales consideran en sus reflexiones sobre la educación para América Latina. Metodológicamente, se estudian las perspectivas que al respecto ofrece la Organización de Estados Iberoamericanos OEI y se comparan con los fines de la educación. Se encontró que las organizaciones educativas son concebidas como parte de las apuestas bioeconómicas mundiales para las próximas décadas. Se concluye que los pueblos latinoamericanos deben separarse de estas políticas para superar sus problemáticas sociales.
Identificación de niveles de calidad en el servicio a partir de peticiones, quejas y reclamos, en entidades bancarias de Colombia 2007-2014
Authors: Torres Gómez María del Pilar
Published: February 2019

Dado que la calidad del servicio en una entidad financiera como los bancos, tiene como indicadores las Peticiones, Quejas, Reclamos y Sugerencias de sus usuarios; en esta investigación se revisan dichas medidas para el caso de las tarjetas de crédito de los bancos colombianos de 2007 a 2014. Lo anterior con el propósito de contribuir a la toma de decisiones con respecto al mercadeo de los servicios financieros y la relación con el cliente. La información fue obtenida de la Superintendencia Financiera y se realizaron análisis multivariados en SPSS. Los resultados muestran que los problemas que presentan los bancos y que aumentan el número de quejas, están asociados a temas operativos de servicio al cliente.
El componente social y humanístico en la formación del contador público: una lectura desde la ética de la responsabilidad
Authors: Macías Orozco William
Published: February 2019

El presente trabajo indaga sobre el sentido de las asignaturas relacionadas con las humanidades y ciencias sociales en los programas de contaduría pública. Cuestión necesaria de abordar, en tanto el rol que juegan estas asignaturas en la formación del estudiante de contaduría no ha sido lo suficientemente comprendido por los docentes, instituciones y por los estudiantes. La temática se desarrolla a través de tres interrogantes. 1) ¿Cuál es el papel de las humanidades y ciencias sociales en los currículos de formación de los profesionales contables? La respuesta pone en tensión los principios de racionalización y subjetivación. 2) ¿Desde qué posturas éticas es posible resolver esta cuestión y qué implicaciones tiene? Cada principio implica una ética, así quienes optan por uno u otro, hablan desde la ética del mercado o desde la ética de la responsabilidad. Si se parte de esta última, lo central es el principio de subjetivación y entonces se pregunta: 3) ¿Cómo llevar a cabo el principio de subjetivación a través de estas asignaturas?, es decir, metodológicamente ¿cómo es posible desarrollar el principio de subjetivación a través de las asignaturas humanísticas y sociales en los currículos de los programas de contaduría pública?
Estudio de los principales sectores competitivos del Valle del Cauca en relación con el comercio internacional
Authors: Duque Gallego Carlos Alberto , Narváez Moreno Weiner Alexis
Published: February 2019

Se presenta un análisis sectorial del Valle del Cauca frente al comercio internacional, debido a la necesidad de realizar estudios que hagan una mayor exploración de indicadores de comercio exterior a nivel regional y sectorial, sirviendo de base para la generación de estrategias en exportación; aplicando los indicadores en relación con la posición comercial, dinamismo internacional y dinámica intrarregional a la canasta exportadora del Valle del Cauca, seleccionada por la participación de los sectores en el total de exportaciones del departamento, permitiendo hacer un análisis holístico sobre el comportamiento y perspectiva de cada sector en el ámbito internacional. Se concluye que el Valle del Cauca es un departamento competitivo en los sectores de azúcar y confites, papel y cartón- manufacturas de pasta, máquinas- aparatos y material eléctrico; en el ámbito internacional, estos sectores presentan un desempeño alto en exportaciones y participación, además logran consolidar los destinos de Venezuela, Ecuador, Chile y Perú, como socios comerciales del departamento.
Iatrogenic vesicovaginal fistula repair-experience at Prince Hussein Urology and Organ Transplant Center
Authors: Al-Hammouri Firas , Alkaabneh Awad B. , Abu Qamar Adnan A. , Naemat Abdelhakeem S. , Almajali Ashraf S. , Zraigat Ali S. , Abdeldaem Muhammed A.
Published: February 2019

Background: Despite the advances in technology in urology practice, and the surgical approach in dealing with iatrogenic vesicovaginal fistula repair, the most important is to achieve continent rate with minimum morbidity.Methods: From January 2006 to December 2017, the medical records and operative notes of 52 female (mean age 37 year) who had undergone transabdominal transvesical operative repair of their vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) at this institution were reviewed retrospectively. CT urography and diagnostic cystourethroscopy were the modalities of diagnostic tools. Trans-abdominal, transvesical repair with omental flap interposition were performed within 4-6 months in all cases. Patients were evaluated at two to three weeks initially, then at three months interval and later annually.Results: In present study, the most common presentation of VVF was urine leakage through vagina. In two third of the patients the etiology was due to hysterectomy procedure, regarding the location of the fistula, 94.2% of the fistulas located high in the posterior wall of the urinary bladder (supratrigonal), with the mean size of 2.2cm (range 5-25mm). 49 patients had single fistula (94.2%). The mean operative time was 110 minutes (range 60-130 minutes) and the mean post-operative urethral catheterization was 21 days (range 17-24 days). Almost all patients were continent after a mean of five months.Conclusions: Iatrogenic VVF is one of the distressing complications of gynecological procedure; delayed transabdominal transvesical approach with omental flap interposition is associated with excellent and durable results with minor morbidity. Standardization of the technique is a key success in the outcome of the repair.
Differences of lipid profile, body fat percentage, and waist circumference between childbearing age women acceptors of depot medroxy progesterone acetate contraceptive injection with non-acceptors in Padang City 2017
Authors: Ariyasra Utami , Reza Mohamad , Arisanty Dessy , Lipoeto Nur Indrawaty
Published: February 2019

Background: A hormonal contraception which considered ideal is depot medroxy progesteron acetat. There are large number of acceptors choose this contraception because this contraception is considered safe, effective, and can be used after labor. The possible side effect which can occur are increase of lipid profile, body fat percentage, and waist circumference. The purpose of this study is to see the differences between lipid profile, body fat percentage, and the waist circumference of women of childbearing age who use depot medroxy progesteron acetat injection compared with non-acceptors.Methods: This study was observational study with a cross sectional comparative approach and was conducted at the Regional Technical Services Unit (UPTD) at Regional Health Laboratory in West Sumatera Province from December 2017 until June 2018. The samples were 46 DMPA acceptors and 46 non-acceptors. The sampling method used random sampling technique. The measurements of lipid profile was conducted with colorimetric enzymatic method, which is GPO-PAP for triglycerides, and CHOD-PAP for total cholesterol, HDL and LDL. The percentage of body fat examination was conducted using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). The obtained data were analyzed by using t-test. Abnormal data were confirmed by Mann-whitney non-parametric test with p<0.05.Results: The results showed a significant difference between DMPA acceptors and non-acceptors (p<0.05). In total cholesterol (p = 0.000), LDL (p = 0.000), triglycerides (p = 0.000), body fat percentage (p = 0.007), body mass index (p = 0.004), and waist circumference (p = 0.001). But, in HDL there was no significant difference between DMPA acceptors and non-acceptors with p value = 0.302 (p>0.05). There were significant differences in total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, fat percentage, body mass index, and the circumference of waist in both DMPA acceptors and non acceptors. There were no significant difference in HDL levels between DMPA acceptors and non acceptors.Conclusions: There were significant differences in total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, fat percentage, body mass index, and waist circumference between DMPA acceptors and non-acceptors. There was no significant difference in HDL between DMPA acceptors and non-acceptors.