bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measure of departure from cumulative local symmetry for square contingency tables having ordered categories
Authors: Saigusa Yusuke , Takada Tomomasa , Ishii Aki , Nakagawa Tomoyuki , Tomizawa Sadao
Published: July 2020

For square contingency tables with nominal categories, a local symmetry model which indicates the symmetric structure of probabilities for only one pair of symmetric cells is proposed. For ordinal square tables, the present paper proposes (1) another local symmetry model for cumulative probabilities from the upper-right and lower-left corners of the table, and (2) a measure to represent the degree of departure from the proposed model. The measure has the form of a weighted harmonic mean of the diversity index, which includes the Shannon entropy as a special case. Examples are given in which the proposed method is applied to square table data on decayed teeth in Japanese women patients.
Life Stages and Demography of Invasive Shrub Cytisus scoparius (Fabaceae) in Lithuania
Authors: Taura Laurynas , Gudžinskas Zigmantas
Published: July 2020

Alien invasive woody plant species, particularly those associated with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, are of special concern, because they may cause drastic changes in entire ecosystems. Although most of invasive species of Lithuania originate from other continents, one of these, Cytisus scoparius, is native to Europe. Fast spread of this species in Lithuania and its invasion to forest, coastal and continental sand, occasionally grassland habitats, stimulated us to study demographic structure of its populations. The aim of this research was to evaluate density, life stage and age structure of the populations, and to analyse relationships of the age of individuals with their life stages, height and stem diameter. Five populations were studied in the western, southern and eastern parts of Lithuania in July–August 2017. For the study, we selected stands of this species occupying at least 0.1 ha in a uniform habitat. We applied sampling plot method, and studied at least 100 individuals in each population, excluding seedlings. The age, life stage, height and stem diameter of 583 individuals were studied. The average density of individuals ranged between 5.15 individuals/m2 and 15.40 individuals/m2. Juvenile individuals reach the stage of vegetative adults on the second or third growth season, occasionally on the third year they reach even the stage of generative adults. The average age of juveniles was 1.10 years, of vegetative adults it was 2.99 years and 6.26 years of generative adults. The oldest generative individual was 28 years old. Linear regression analysis of the relationship between the plant age and the stem diameter revealed that the age predetermined the stem diameter variance by 81.0% in the studied populations. This study revealed that densities of C. scoparius individuals of all life stages in disturbed and undisturbed habitats were sufficient to sustain longevity and further expansion of populations. Therefore, appropriate measures for control and eradication of this species should be applied, particularly in the habitats of high conservation value.
Role of clusters in the Polish innovation system
Authors: Mackiewicz Marta
Published: July 2020

This article presents the role of clusters in the Polish innovation system. This role has evolved in recent years due to maturing of cluster organisations and the expansion of their ability not just to provide services for cluster members but also to perform selected public tasks. This study aims to provide a better understanding of the nature and extent to which clusters can contribute to the objectives of development policies and thus to the economic development of the Polish economy and answer the question what role clusters can play in the innovation system. Based on a survey of 44 cluster organisations in Poland and interviews with cluster managers, the study explores the possibility of engaging Polish cluster organisations in the implementation of public policies. The results confirm that many of the Polish clusters achieved such a level of development that they themselves see the possibility of engaging in public tasks, for example education and specialised training, helping enterprises in digital transformation, monitoring technological trends, and so on. Therefore, it is justified pursuing a dual cluster policy. This duality means focus on two objectives: supporting cluster organisations on the one hand and implementing cluster-based development policies on the other hand.
Dying in dignity
Authors: Knaup Marcus
Published: July 2020

The question of what might constitute “good dying” is a sensitive subject that is being discussed and is socially and politically controversial. My contribution discusses whether a reference to concepts such as autonomy and dignity in the debate over suicide and euthanasia is in fact convincing. Important impulses for the train of thought stem from Kantian philosophy. I will argue that suicide, as presented by Kant, is not an expression of autonomy, but exactly the opposite: an expression of heteronomy.
An enhanced differential evolution algorithm with adaptation of switching crossover strategy for continuous optimization
Authors: Puphasuk Pikul , Wetweerapong Jeerayut
Published: July 2020

Designing an efficient optimization method which also has a simple structure is generally required by users for its applications to a wide range of practical problems. In this research, an enhanced differential evolution algorithm with adaptation of switching crossover strategy (DEASC) is proposed as a general-purpose population-based optimization method for continuous optimization problems. DEASC extends the solving ability of a basic differential evolution algorithm (DE) whose performance significantly depends on user selection of the control parameters: scaling factor, crossover rate and population size. Like the original DE, the proposed method is aimed at e ciency, simplicity and robustness. The appropriate population size is selected to work in accordance with good choices of the scaling factors. Then, the switching crossover strategy of using low or high crossover rates are incorporated and adapted to suit the problem being solved. In this manner, the adaptation strategy is just a convenient add-on mechanism. To verify the performance of DEASC, it is tested on several benchmark problems of various types and di culties, and compared with some well-known methods in the literature. It is also applied to solve some practical systems of nonlinear equations. Despite its much simpler algorithmic structure, the experimental results show that DEASC greatly enhances the basic DE. It is able to solve all the test problems with fast convergence speed and overall outperforms the compared methods which have more complicated structures. In addition, DEASC also shows promising results on high dimensional test functions.
Division-by-q dichotomization for interval uncertainty reduction by cutting off equal parts from the left and right based on expert judgments under short-termed observations
Authors: Romanuke Vadim
Published: July 2020

A problem of reducing interval uncertainty is considered by an approach of cutting off equal parts from the left and right. The interval contains admissible values of an observed object’s parameter. The object’s parameter cannot be measured directly or deductively computed, so it is estimated by expert judgments. Terms of observations are short, and the object’s statistical data are poor. Thus an algorithm of flexibly reducing interval uncertainty is designed via adjusting the parameter by expert procedures and allowing to control cutting off. While the parameter is adjusted forward, the interval becomes progressively narrowed after every next expert procedure. The narrowing is performed via division-by-q dichotomization cutting off the q
−1-th parts from the left and right. If the current parameter’s value falls outside of the interval, forward adjustment is canceled. Then backward adjustment is executed, where one of the endpoints is moved backwards. Adjustment is not executed when the current parameter’s value enclosed within the interval is simultaneously too close to both left and right endpoints. If the value is “trapped” like that for a definite number of times in succession, the early stop fires.
The Effect of Co-Administration of Inactivated Vaccines Against Bovine Respiratory Disease and Neonatal Calf Diarrhoea
Authors: Makoschey B. , Vertenten G. , Reddick D.
Published: July 2020

A pilot study was performed to evaluate the safety and serological responses after co-administration of two multivalent inactivated vaccines to pregnant cattle. One vaccine was directed against bovine respiratory disease (BRD) and contained antigens of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), parainfluenza 3 virus (PI3) and Mannheimia haemolytica (Mh). The second vaccine targeted neonatal calf diarrhoea (NCD) and was composed of inactivated antigens of bovine rotavirus (BRV), bovine coronavirus (BCV) and E. coli. The use of these combinations have been used more and more by veterinary practitioners as there exist some clear evidence that both vaccines improves the passive protection via the colostrum for the relevant pathogens. However, up until now, no safety or efficacy data has been available concerning such co-administrations. The safety of both vaccines and the serological responses to the BRD vaccine has been evaluated when used at the same time, but without mixing and compared to the responses to the administration of each vaccine independently. There was no evidence of any negative effect on calving or calf health in any of the vaccinated animals. The antibody levels against BRSV and Mh in the sera of the calves from cows vaccinated with both vaccines were not significantly different from the levels in the sera of calves vaccinated with the BRD vaccine alone. The results from this pilot study demonstrated that the co-administration of the two multivalent inactivated vaccines had no detrimental effect on the safety or serological responses to the BRD vaccine compared to the independent use of the vaccines.
Gauss and the Mathematical Background to Standardisation
Authors: Ferreirós José
Published: July 2020

Our aim is to explore the links between standardisation, the quantifying spirit, and the discipline mathematics. To do so, we consider the work of Gauss, renowned as a pure mathematician, but professionally an astronomer, and one heavily engaged with all kinds of measuring and precision initiatives. He contributed to the mathematical correction of data with the method of least squares; to observations of high precision in his geodetic work; to the introduction of absolute measures in his collaborations with Weber on terrestrial magnetism; and to the rationalisation of weights and measures in the state of Hannover. Ultimately, the question is to what extent such precision and standardisation activities may have been rooted in the mathematical way of thinking. Mathematics in our tradition has had a strong contemplative bias (theory, theorein in Greek means to contemplate), but it’s a fact that mathematics has always had a non-eliminable technical side.
Co-occurrence of Cell Lines, Basal Media and Supplementation in the Biomedical Research Literature
Authors: Cox Jessica , McBeath Darin , Harper Corey , Daniel Ron
Published: July 2020

Purpose

The use of in vitro cell culture and experimentation is a cornerstone of biomedical research, however, more attention has recently been given to the potential consequences of using such artificial basal medias and undefined supplements. As a first step towards better understanding and measuring the impact these systems have on experimental results, we use text mining to capture typical research practices and trends around cell culture.

Design/methodology/approach

To measure the scale of in vitro cell culture use, we have analyzed a corpus of 94,695 research articles that appear in biomedical research journals published in ScienceDirect from 2000–2018. Central to our investigation is the observation that studies using cell culture describe conditions using the typical sentence structure of cell line, basal media, and supplemented compounds. Here we tag our corpus with a curated list of basal medias and the Cellosaurus ontology using the Aho-Corasick algorithm. We also processed the corpus with Stanford CoreNLP to find nouns that follow the basal media, in an attempt to identify supplements used.

Findings

Interestingly, we find that researchers frequently use DMEM even if a cell line's vendor recommends less concentrated media. We see long-tailed distributions for the usage of media and cell lines, with DMEM and RPMI dominating the media, and HEK293, HEK293T, and HeLa dominating cell lines used.

Research limitations

Our analysis was restricted to documents in ScienceDirect, and our text mining method achieved high recall but low precision and mandated manual inspection of many tokens.

Practical implications

Our findings document current cell culture practices in the biomedical research community, which can be used as a resource for future experimental design.

Originality/value

No other work has taken a text mining approach to surveying cell culture practices in biomedical research.
The Impact of Patents and R&D Cooperation on R&D Investments in a Differentiated Goods Industry
Authors: Karbowski Adam , Prokop Jacek
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we consider the impact of patents and R&D cooperation on R&D investments in the oligopolistic industry with differentiated products. Four types of firms’ conduct are investigated: R&D competition without patents, R&D competition with patent protection, R&D cooperation, and the full industry cooperation. The obtained results suggest that patents do not necessarily promote R&D investments due to the existence of so called tournament effects. R&D cooperation stimulates R&D investments, but R&D cooperation provides sufficient incentives to create a full industry cartel. Such a cartel works to the detriment of consumers. Our analysis led us to the conclusion that for a relatively low level of R&D spillovers, the policy-makers should promote R&D competition without patent protection among oligopolistic firms. For a relatively high level of R&D spillovers, R&D cooperation enhances innovation, but the regulator should monitor the market for probable collusion.
Genetic characterisation of African swine fever virus in outbreaks in Ha Nam province, Red River Delta Region of Vietnam, and activity of antimicrobial products against virus infection in contaminated feed
Authors: Tran Ha Thi Thanh , Truong Anh Duc , Ly Duc Viet , Vu Thi Hao , Hoang Van Tuan , Nguyen Thi Chinh , Chu Thi Nhu , Nguyen Thi Huyen , Pham Ngoc Thi , Nguyen Tinh , Yersin Andrew G. , Dang Hoang Vu
Published: July 2020

Introduction

African swine fever (ASF) was officially reported in Vietnam in February 2019 and spread across the whole country, affecting all 63 provinces and cities.

Material and Methods

In this study, ASF virus (ASFV) VN/Pig/HaNam/2019 (VN/Pig/HN/19) strain was isolated in primary porcine alveolar macrophage (PAM) cells from a sample originating from an outbreak farm in Vietnam’s Red River Delta region. The isolate was characterised using the haemadsorption (HAD) test, real-time PCR, and sequencing. The activity of antimicrobial feed products was evaluated via a contaminated ASFV feed assay.

Results

Phylogenetic analysis of the viral p72 and EP402R genes placed VN/Pig/HN/19 in genotype II and serogroup 8 and related it closely to Eastern European and Chinese strains. Infectious titres of the virus propagated in primary PAMs were 106 HAD50/ml. Our study reports the activity against ASFV VN/Pig/HN/19 strain of antimicrobial Sal CURB RM E Liquid, F2 Dry and K2 Liquid. Our feed assay findings suggest that the antimicrobial RM E Liquid has a strong effect against ASFV replication. These results suggest that among the Sal CURB products, the antimicrobial RM E Liquid may have the most potential as a mitigant feed additive for ASFV infection. Therefore, further studies on the use of antimicrobial Sal CURB RM E Liquid in vivo are required.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates the threat of ASFV and emphasises the need to control and eradicate it in Vietnam by multiple measures.
European Formalism and Empiriocriticism: Formalism within the International Empiriocritical Movement
Authors: Tchougounnikov Serge
Published: July 2020

This paper argues that Russian Formalism is to be considered a constitutive part of the international empiriocritical movement—Ernst Mach (1838—1916) and Richard Avenarius’s (1843—1896). The conceptual parallelism between Empiriocriticism and Formalism is striking indeed. Thus, the cornerstones of the empiriocritical approach—the concept of series [Reihe] and the concept of elements [Elemente], understood as sensations [Empfindungen]—are plainly recognizable within formalist theories: the notion of ‘series’ (for example, the notion of ‘literary series’ or ‘poetic series’, leading to the famous concept of ‘literariness’, literaturnost’) and the very formalist idea of a necessarily perceptible character of aesthetic form are only two, most famous, examples of this astonishing affinity. Here are some of the most striking convergences between Empiriocriticism and Formalism: the relativity of any knowledge; continuity between knowledge and perception; the pragmatic dominant; the leitmotif of ‘the Unsalvageable Ego’. Besides, the paper seeks to situate Russian Formalism within European Aesthetic German-speaking Formalism. This kind of formalism formulates some basic oppositions correlated to different types of forming being associated with specific means and specific formal devices to affect them. In this context, particular morphological features result in producing particular feelings conceived in the spatial or syntactic perspective. From its German-speaking analogue, Russian Formalism has inherited this relational and spatial definition of feelings and, largely speaking, of emotionality within art. Indeed, both formalisms treat emotion as a ‘non-subjective’, ‘kinetic’, ‘syntactic’ phenomenon located on the surface of aesthetic objects.
Regional Development of Rural Tourism: The Case of the Gorska Hrvatska Region
Authors: Baković Nina
Published: July 2020

An approach to sustainable tourism through clusters is considered an appropriate strategy in less-developed rural areas of tourist-oriented countries, such as Croatia. This paper clarifies the key challenges of the development of tourism clusters in the region of Gorska Hrvatska and provides new data for an approach to sustainable rural tourism development. Using available secondary data from governmental bodies, non-governmental organizations, protected areas of Gorska Hrvatska, and primary data of the Lika Destination Cluster, the paper explores the key challenges of developing a cluster of tourism and selective forms of tourism. Most tourism clusters in Croatia have remained in the first phase of development for years, even though this approach has failed to to achieve significant results. The key benefits of networking and branding in rural areas are identified and defined, but these potentials are still largely underutilized. The objective of this study is to provide practical recommendations to the Croatian tourism industry on how to learn from the suggested best practices and how to implement them effectively. For that purpose, the case of sustainable tourism located in the Gorska Hrvatska region, called the Lika Destination Cluster is analyzed.
An automated nD model creation on BIM models
Authors: Vycital Miroslav , Jarský Cenek
Published: July 2020

The construction technology (CONTEC) method was originally developed for automated CONTEC planning and project management based on the data in the form of a budget or bill of quantities. This article outlines a new approach in an automated creation of the discrete nD building information modeling (BIM) models by using data from the BIM model and their processing by existing CONTEC method through the CONTEC software. This article outlines the discrete modeling approach on BIM models as one of the applicable approaches for nD modeling. It also defines the methodology of interlinking BIM model data and CONTEC software through the classification of items. The interlink enables automation in the production of discrete nD BIM model data, such as schedule (4D) including work distribution end resource planning, budget (5D)—based on integrated pricing system, but also nD data such as health and safety risks (6D) plans (H&S Risk register), quality plans, and quality assurance checklists (7D) including their monitoring and environmental plans (8D). The methodology of the direct application of the selected classification system, as well as means of data transfer and conditions of data transferability, is described. The method was tested on the case study of an office building project, and acquired data were compared to actual construction time and costs. The case study proves the application of the CONTEC method as a usable method in the BIM model environment, enabling the creation of not only 4D, 5D models but also nD discrete models up to 8D models in the perception of the construction management process. In comparison with the existing BIM classification systems, further development of the method will enable full automated discrete nD model creation in the BIM model environment.
The effect of an interdisciplinary Greek traditional dance programme on Middle School students’ goal orientation and anxiety
Authors: Filippou Filippos , Rokka Stella , Pitsi Athina , Koupani Aikaterini , Masadis Grigoris , Karagiannidou Veroniki , Samara Eleni , Varsami Dimitra , Filippou Dafni-Anastasia
Published: July 2020

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of an interdisciplinary program of Greek folk dance, with topics from history and geography on Middle School students’ goal orientation and anxiety level. The sample consisted of 260 students (134 boys & 126 girls). The experimental group (n=144) followed the interdisciplinary four-week program (two lessons per week) while the control group (n=126) followed the corresponding typical physical education program. For the data collection, the questionnaire used was the “Goal orientation” by Papaioannou, Milosis, Kosmidou, and Tsiggilis (2002) and the Greek version (Kakkos & Zervas, 1996) of “Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2” (Martens et al., 1990). The students filled in the questionnaires before and after their participating in each program. Descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, and Repeated Measures ANOVA were used. Results showed that a. Cronbach’s alpha was satisfactory. b. Τhe experimental group decreased significantly the levels of “ego-strengthening” and “ego-protection”, and on the contrary significantly increase the “personal development”, and “social acceptance”. c. Experimental group’s boys and girls decreased their “ego-strengthening” and “ego-protection”, and enhanced their “personal development” and “social acceptance” more than their control group peers. d. The experimental group decreased the levels of somatic and cognitive anxieties and increased significantly their self-confidence. e. male students increased their self-confidence more than female students. These findings support the view that an interdisciplinary program of traditional Greek dance with issues from history and geography enable us to reduce the rates of ego-strengthening, ego-protection, somatic and cognitive anxiety while simultaneously increases students’ personal development, social acceptance, and self-confidence
Long-term toxicity and survival outcomes after stereotactic ablative radiotherapy for patients with centrally located thoracic tumors
Authors: Atalar Banu , Mustafayev Teuta Zoto , Sio Terence T. , Sahin Bilgehan , Gungor Gorkem , Aydın Gokhan , Yapici Bulent , Ozyar Enis
Published: July 2020

Background

Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) is effective for thoracic cancer and metastases; however, adverse effects are greater for central tumors. We evaluated factors affecting outcomes and toxicities after SABR for patients with primary lung and oligometastatic tumors.

Patients and methods

We retrospectively identified consecutive patients with centrally located lung tumors that were treated at our hospital from 2009-2016. The effects of patient, disease, and treatment-related parameters on local control (LC), overall survival (OS), and toxicity-free survival (TFS) were evaluated with multivariate analyses.

Results

Among 65 consecutive patients identified with 70 centrally located tumors, 20 tumors (28%) were reirradiated. Median (range) total dose for all tumors was 55 (30–60) Gy in 5 (3–10) fractions. Radiographic complete response was obtained in 43 lesions (61%). None of the analyzed factors were correlated with complete response. After a median follow-up of 57 (95% CI, 48–65) months, 10 tumors (14%) relapsed and 37 patients (57%) died; the actuarial 2- and 5-year OS rates were 52% and 28%, respectively. Median OS was significantly lower in patients with grade 3 or higher toxicity vs. lower toxicity (5 vs. 39 months; P < 0.001). Among 17 severe toxicities, 5 were grade 5, and 3 of them were reirradiated to the same field. Grade 3 to 5 TFS was lower with vs. without reirradiation (2-year TFS, 63% vs. 96%; P = 0.02).

Conclusions

Our study showed that modern SABR is effective for central lung tumors, and toxicities are acceptable. SABR for reirradiated central lung lesions and possibly for lesions abutting the tracheobronchial tree may result in higher risk of serious toxicities.
Breast cancer risk based on adapted IBIS prediction model in Slovenian women aged 40–49 years - could it be better?
Authors: Oblak Tjasa , Zadnik Vesna , Krajc Mateja , Lokar Katarina , Zgajnar Janez
Published: July 2020

Background

The aim of the study was to assess the proportion of women that would be classified as at above-average risk of breast cancer based on the 10 year-risk prediction of the Slovenian breast cancer incidence rate (S-IBIS) program in two presumably above-average breast cancer risk populations in age group 40-49 years: (i) women referred for any reason to diagnostic breast centres and (ii) women who were diagnosed with breast cancer aged 40–49 years. Breast cancer is the commonest female cancer in Slovenia, with an incidence rate below European average. The Tyrer-Cuzick breast cancer risk assessment algorithm was recently adapted to S-IBIS. In Slovenia a tailored mammographic screening for women at above average risk in age group 40–49 years is considered in the future. S-IBIS is a possible tool to select population at above-average risk of breast cancer for tailored screening.

Patients and methods

In 357 healthy women aged 40–49 years referred for any reason to diagnostic breast centres and in 367 female breast cancer patients aged 40–49 years at time of diagnosis 10-years breast cancer risk was calculated using the S-IBIS software. The proportion of women classified as above-average risk of breast cancer was calculated for each subgroup of the study population.

Results

48.7% of women in the Breast centre group and 39.2% of patients in the breast cancer group had above-average 10-year breast cancer risk. Positive family history of breast cancer was more prevalent in the Breast centre group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Inclusion of additional risk factors into the S-IBIS is warranted in the populations with breast cancer incidence below European average to reliably stratify women into breast cancer risk groups.
Medication use and polypharmacy in patients referred to a tertiary gastroenterology practice
Authors: Chris-Olaiya Abimbola , Palmer William , Stancampiano Fernando , Lacy Brian , Heckman Michael , Chirila Razvan , Nikpour Naveed , Mcleod Ethan , Ryan Taylor , Maillis Alex , Vargas Emily , Bouras Ernest
Published: July 2020

Introduction. Commonly prescribed medications are associated with various gastrointestinal (GI) side effects but few data are available on prescription medication use and polypharmacy in a gastroenterology outpatient practice. We aimed to examine the prevalence of polypharmacy, defined as the simultaneous use of 5 or more medications.

Methods. A descriptive correlational study of consecutive outpatient consultations in 988 patients referred to a tertiary gastroenterology practice. Main outcome measurements were frequency of prescription medication use and polypharmacy.

Results. The most common GI symptoms were abdominal pain (72%), nausea (57%), and constipation (53%). The frequency of polypharmacy was 10%. Eighty percent of patients took at least one medication and 60% took two or more. The most frequently used medication classes were proton pump inhibitors (43%), followed by benzodiazepines (30%), selective serotonin-reuptake or norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors (28%), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (27%), and opioids (21%).

Conclusion. There was a higher use of prescription medicine including antidepressants, and a lower frequency of polypharmacy in our study cohort compared to the general population. The use of medications may have contributed to the symptoms leading to our study’s population GI consultation.
Crosswalk EQ-5D-5L Value Set for Slovenia
Authors: Prevolnik Rupel Valentina , Ogorevc Marko
Published: July 2020

Introduction

Due to the availability of the EQ-5D-5L instrument official translation into Slovenian its use is widespread in Slovenia. However, the health profiles obtained in many studies cannot be ascribed their appropriate values as the EQ-5D-5L value set does not yet exist in Slovenia. Our aim was to estimate an interim EQ-5D-5L value set for Slovenia using the crosswalk methodology developed by the EuroQol Group on the basis of the EQ-5D-3L Slovenian TTO value set. Our secondary aim was to compare the interim values obtained with the EQ-5D-3L Slovenian values.

Methods

To obtain a Slovenian interim EQ-5D-5L value set, we applied the crosswalk methodology developed by the EuroQol Group to the Slovenian EQ-5D-3L TTO value set. We examined the differences between values by comparing the mean 3L and 5L value scores and the distribution of values across all respondents.

Results

By definition, 3-level and 5-level versions have the same range (from 1 to −0.495) and a health state coded 22222 in the 3-level version corresponds to 33333 in the 5-level version. While the addition of a “slight” severity level (22222) in the 5-level version has a low informational value, the addition of a “severe” health state (44444) covers larger range of the scale. The 5-level version results in fewer health states being valued below 0 and above 0.8.

Conclusion

The EQ-5D-5L value set, based on the crosswalk methodology, should be used until a value set for the EQ-5D-5L is derived from preferences elicited directly from a representative sample of the Slovenian general population.
Wiku Catur Asrama Menurut Lontar Wasista Tattwa
Authors: Juni Ngakan Ketut
Published: July 2020

Wiku according to Lontar Wasista Tattwa is a well-behaved saint, a descendant of a saint, able to recite and master the third Vedic mantra, his
 behavior is perfect, always meditating on God. One type of wiku described in the Wasista Tattwa ejection is the boarding chess board, namely: brahmacari wiku, grhasta wiku, wanaprasta, and bhiksuka. Brahmacari wiku duty is not to be angry with the community, there is nothing that be desired, there is no binding work in the world, no house or residence. The obligation of Wiku Grehastha is to be married and have children, make the family happy, always diligently study the three Vedas, be friendly to guests, always obey God, and be diligent in practicing yoga. Obligation of wiku wanaprasta is to direct oneself to God and attain self-awareness, no longer commit myself to household tasks and social community. The duty of the bhiksuka wiku is to focus on the spiritual life or free oneself from his avidya (spiritual darkness).
Differential climate change vulnerability among different poverty groups in southwestern Bangladesh: lessons for adaptation planning
Authors: Ha-Mim N.M , Hossain M.Z.
Published: July 2020

This article draws on research findings from fieldwork undertaken in Mongla Upazila of Southwest Bangladesh from 2018 to 2019 to analyse how climate-related vulnerability and adaptation is differentiated among different poverty groups. The principal aim of this research is to investigate complex relationship between vulnerability, poverty, and adaptation in a case study carried out in two rural cyclone-prone areas of southwest Bangladesh, focusing on household level vulnerability and adaptive responses to climate change. The quantitative research strategy was adopted in this research. Specific methods utilized for the data collection process included in-depth questionnaire survey of 98 households. The significance of the results was in the differences of poverty and adaptation choices of the households with differential climate change vulnerability which revealed a complex relationship within vulnerability, poverty and adaptation. This research also highlighted that the poor households with high vulnerability could highly be adaptive through adopting a significant number of adaptations to deal with sudden and gradual changes in climate, but the results also suggest that households who are not poor who have usually low vulnerability, likely to have less adaptive responses than households who have high vulnerability. Moreover, this research is an attempt to reveal the complex relationship among vulnerability, poverty and adaptation that may help to develop more effective adaptation framework than before to deal with climate variability and change.
Deficiencias nutrimentales inducidas en higuera cv. Neza en condiciones hidropónicas
Authors: Fernandez Yolanda Leticia , García-Cue José Luis , Fernández-Pavía Sylvia Patricia , Muratalla-Lúa Alfonso
Published: July 2020

La higuera (Ficus carica L.) es uno de los árboles más antiguo del mundo, produce frutos con alto contenido nutricional y se utiliza con fines medicinales. En la actualidad, este cultivo ha tenido mucha importancia en México, por eso se planteó esta investigación que tuvo como objetivo: analizar las deficiencias nutrimentales inducidas en plantas de higuera Ficus carica cv. Neza en condiciones de hidroponía mediante la técnica del elemento faltante. Para llevarla a cabo, se prepararon seis soluciones, una con todos los iones y cinco con un elemento nutrimental faltante. El experimento se planteó bajo un diseño completamente al azar con seis tratamientos (solución completa y cinco de ellos sin un macronutrimento: nitrógeno, fósforo, potasio, calcio y magnesio) con cinco repeticiones. Se evaluaron variables de crecimiento: número de hojas, altura, diámetro del tallo, número de frutos y área foliar. Además, se realizaron análisis químicos del tejido para confirmar la deficiencia nutrimental y la sintomatología visual. Se analizaron los datos a través de un ANVA y pruebas de Tukey (α= 0.05). Se detectaron diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos sin nitrógeno y sin calcio con respecto a la solución completa (Solcomp) en las variables de crecimiento y de contenido nutrimental manifestándose de manera visual. En el tratamiento sin fósforo (SP) no se manifestaron diferencias significativas. Como conclusión, la información sobre contenido de N, P, K, Ca y Mg en el tejido foliar servirá como referencia a productores de esta especie para corregir deficiencias nutrimentales de estos elementos en el desarrollo de la higuera.
MECHANISMS OF SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ADAPTATION OF REFUGEES
Authors: Rashid Vakil Jabbarov
Published: July 2020

The article examines the characteristics of social and psychological adaptation and stress resistance of refugees living in Azerbaijan. It has been established that the social and psychological adaptation and stress resistance characteristics of refugees living in Azerbaijan are comprehensively influenced by individual psychological characteristics, gender differences, long-term frustration, number of children in the family and family conflicts. It should be borne in mind that forced migration is one of the factors that make it difficult to adapt, among many other things. The study found that despite the indicators that refugees living in Azerbaijan are important for local stress, social adjustment and resilience to stress are low. The article examines the characteristics of social and psychological adaptation and stress resistance of refugees living in Azerbaijan. It has been established that the social and psychological adaptation and stress resistance characteristics of refugees living in Azerbaijan are comprehensively influenced by individual psychological characteristics, gender differences, long-term frustration, number of children in the family and family conflicts. It should be borne in mind that forced migration is one of the factors that make it difficult to adapt, among many other things. The study found that despite the indicators that refugees living in Azerbaijan are important for local stress, social adjustment and resilience to stress are low
Algorithmic Decision-making and the Law
Authors: Brand Dirk
Published: July 2020

The Fourth Industrial Revolution is reshaping the world we know dramatically and is characterised by a close interaction between the biological, digital and physical spheres.  Digital technologies are impacting all facets of our lives and create a series of new opportunities but also various challenges.  The Fourth Industrial Revolution does not follow a linear development trajectory, but due to the diverse nature and rapid pace of technological developments, could rather be compared to a series of networks with multiple connecting points.  This has caused the development of the law which deals with these concerns to generally be slow and unable to match the pace and scope of technological developments. In the context of public law there are many questions and challenges relating to individual rights, for example the right to privacy, and the role and responsibilities of government relating to policy development and regulation dealing with the Fourth Industrial Revolution.  The concept of a Rechtsstaat could arguably provide an appropriate legal framework for shaping the ethical framework, normative standards and a value-based governance model for the Fourth Industrial Revolution, including for algorithmic decision-making. The public law concept of accountability should be contextualised in order to apply it to algorithmic decision-making.  In the data-driven economy of the 21st century the pace and scope of technological developments that impact humanity requires the development of appropriate legal frameworks to reflect and accommodate the needs of society, in particular relating to the recognition of fundamental human rights.  It is concluded that  a broad set of ethical and legal principles, which can guide the development of international and national legal frameworks to regulate algorithmic decision-making, is needed.
Note on Macro Fungi on Belitong Island: Description and Potential
Authors: Putra Ivan Permana
Published: July 2020

Background: This research was carried out in the forest of Kelubi Village, Belitong Island. The purpose of this research aimed to provide information about the presence of macroscopic fungi in Belitong Island and study of its potential utilization in the future. Methods: This research was divided into three stages namely: observation, identification, and study of macroscopic fungi in term of potential utilization. Results: A total of 12 macro fungi were identified and described in this study. The macrofungi were divided into 6 order and 12 famili. All mushrooms included in the two phyla, Basidiomycota and Ascomycota, namely: Cyathus sp., Bolbitius sp., Cortinarius sp.1, Cortinarius sp.2, Entoloma sp., Cyptotrama sp., Collybia sp., Auricularia sp., Gastroboletus sp., Craterellus sp., Lentinus sp., and Daldinia sp. The macro fungi found is known to have potential for food, medicine, mycorrhizal, and also plays an important role as a decomposer in the ecosystem Conclusions: Belitong Island has unique types of macro fungi and has never been described in the form of scientific reports. Therefore, further research is needed in various regions in order to determine the diversity and potential use of the existing macro fungi.
Media Pembelajaran Inovatif Berbasis Potensi Lokal untuk Meningkatan Kompetensi Profesional Guru IPA
Authors: Suryanda Ade , Azrai Eka Putri , Setyorini Daniar
Published: July 2020

Media pembelajaran merupakan bagian penting dalam proses pembelajaran.  Media Pembelajaran yang disesuaikan dengan potensi yang terdapat di sekitar sekolah, dapat membantu guru dalam mengatasi kesulitan pengadaan media pembelajaran. Kegiatan pengabdian ini didasari kenyataan pada umumnya guru masih memiliki kesulitan dalam mengembangkan media pembelajaran yang sederhana dengan potensi yang ada di sekitar sekolah. Tujuan umum kegiatan ini adalah mengenalkan dan meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam mengatasi kesulitan pengadaan media pembelajaran. Secara khusus memberi bekalan kepada guru untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran IPA yang inovatif berbasis potensi lokal. Pelatihan ini menggunakan Metode experiential learning dengan pendekatan participant-centered melalui teknik case study, dan simulasi. Pengabdian ini berhasil memberikan pemahaman dan meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam mengatasi kesulitan pengadaan media pembelajaran mata pelajaran IPA baik secara konsepsional maupun praktikal
A Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) e a epistemologia de Paul Karl Feyerabend no ensino de ciências: questões terminológicas
Authors: Benassi Cassiane Beatrís Pasuck , Ferreira Mariane Grando , Strieder Dulce Maria
Published: July 2020

A Base Nacional Comum Curricular promulgada em 2018 traz como função reorganizar os currículos municipais, estaduais e privados, e mudanças para o ensino das disciplinas. Para a compreensão desta, remete-se um olhar para os seus fundamentos, suas finalidades e objetivos, e, no que tange principalmente o referido estudo, as disciplinas que compõe as Ciências da Natureza e suas Tecnologias, Biologia, Física e Química. Para tanto, o presente estudo visou realizar uma análise entre as terminologias apresentadas nas competências e habilidades na área das Ciências Naturais e Tecnologias para o Ensino Médio, a luz das teorias de Feyerabend acerca destas. Como resultado, percebe-se a presença dos verbos atitudinais, procedimentais e conceituais como elementos visíveis nas teorias propostas pela BNCC, bem como uma metodologia pluralista, com liberdade de pensamento, criticidade e autonomia, sendo compatíveis com as teorias de Feyerabend.
Cost-quantitative analysis of non-compliance in the internal logistics process
Authors: Balon Barbara , Roszak Marek
Published: July 2020

Internal logistics is a key element of a production process as it specifies product quality, timeliness and value of orders. The purpose of the research was to determine the amount of non-compliance in the selected production process caused by internal logistics operations. The analysis covers both the quantity and type of non-compliance as well as the cost of non-compliance. One of the basic quality management tools was used in the research - Parteo-Lorenz analysis. An attempt was made to identify potential causes of non-compliance. The significant impact of non-compliance arising in internal logistics operations in production costs was pointed out.
Transformation of Esthetics in Postmodern Art
Authors: İLDEN Serkan , MUTLU Esma
Published: July 2020

As an outcome of information or technology era since 1960s to date, post-modernism is considered as a process, in which extraordinary advancements and changes occurred and different discourses emerged in the fields such as painting, graphic, sculpture, architecture, philosophy, economics, and sociology involving the social life and culture.
Postmodernism caused the emergence of new artistic discourses as a result of rapid change and development of artistic events in the current era, it transformed into different identities other than modern art and brought new concepts and perspectives to the art life. These concepts and perspectives are in opposition to modernism and they are very tough. Considering that the modern art’s elements such as mission, uniqueness, beauty, and proportion would limit the area of art, postmodern artists place the esthetic components into a populist structure in harmony with today’s living conditions.
In the present study, the changes in postmodernist art after modernism will be discussed, postmodern art esthetic will be explained, and the transformation of artistic values within the frame of Pop-art and Conceptual Art will be examined.
Ortadoğu'da Arap Sosyalizmi ve Mişel Eflak
Authors: GÜNDOĞDU Abil
Published: July 2020

Fransız Devrimi’nin etkilediği toplumlar; ulus, ulusçuluk, ulusun egemenliği, demokrasi, sekülerizm, adalet gibi kavramları içine alan ulus devlet inşa etme ereğiyle Orta Çağ mirası imparatorluklara ve temsil ettiği değerlere karşı başkaldırmışlardır. Orta Doğu’da da 19. yüzyıldan itibaren Arap halkları Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’na karşı Fransız Devrimi’nin etkisiyle yer yer isyan etmişlerdir.1. Dünya Savaşı sonrası savaşın kaybedenlerinden olan Osmanlı İmparatorluğu, savaşın kazananı İtilaf Devletleri lehine Arap dünyasındaki egemen olduğu topraklardan çekilmek zorunda kalmıştır. Orta Doğu Arap coğrafyasını kontrolüne alan İtilaf Devletlerinden İngiltere ve Fransa bölgeyi sömürü politikalarına göre sınırlara bölmüş ve monarşi yönetimler tesis etmişlerdir. Öte yandan Arap bağımsızlık hareketleri Avrupa’da emsal hareketlere göre daha geç bir dönemde ortaya çıkması, antiemperyalist yapısı dışında toplumsal entelektüel düşünce gelişimini tamamlayamadan, 1. Dünya Savaşının sonuçlarıyla karşı karşıya kalmıştır. 20. yüzyılın ilk çeyreğinden sonra Batı eğitimi almış Arap aydını, ideolog ve ılımlı bir sosyalist olan Mişel Eflak batı kökenli devrimci düşüncelerini yerel değerlerle sentezleyerek inşa ettiği Arap sosyalizmiyle Arap halklarının yüzyıllardır içinde bulunduğuna inandığı Orta Çağ karanlığından kurtarmak istemiştir. Ortaya koyduğu fikirler Arap coğrafyasında karşılık bulmasına, iktidarlara gelmesine ve Arapları birleşik bir devlet altında toplama denemelerine rağmen uygulamalarda siyasi ve sosyolojik bir başarı sağlayamamıştır.
clima organizacional y su relación con el desempeño laboral del personal del área de recursos humanos de un outsourcing internacional en el año 2017
Authors: Goicochea Diana Carolina
Published: July 2020

El estudio llevado a cabo surgió debido al interés y la necesidad de buscar mejorar el clima organizacional y a través de este el desempeño laboral, con la finalidad de mejorar la situación competitiva a nivel local e internacional, para continuar con nuestra etapa de expansión internacional, tanto en los mercados en los que ya nos encontramos como la posibilidad de explorar nuevos mercados y atraer nuevos clientes.

La investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la  relación entre el correcto desempeño laboral y su normal desarrollo de funciones partiendo de la perspectiva del clima organizacional. La investigación realizada fue no experimental transversal, descriptiva. Para el desarrollo de la presente investigación se aplicó un cuestionario con 46 preguntas, este cuestionario permitió la recolección y el análisis de datos, para esto se usó la escala de Likert aplicada a una muestra de 62 personas seleccionadas al azar.

Se obtuvo como resultados la  verificación de la relación de influencia entre el clima organizacional y el desempeño laboral.

Esta investigación se realiza con la finalidad de lograr mejorar el desempeño laboral de los trabajadores a través del desarrollo del clima organizacional, esta mejora se busca con la finalidad de lograr ingresar con nuestro servicio a nuevos mercados internacionales.