bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A STUDY ON INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF TRAINING PROGRAMS ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AND ORGANIZATIONAL SUCCESS
Authors: SHALINI Dr. P.
Published: May 2024

In today's dynamic business environment, organizations are continually seeking strategies to enhance employee performance and achieve organizational success. Training programs have emerged as a pivotal tool in this pursuit, aiming to equip employees with the necessary skills and knowledge to excel in their roles. This study investigates the multifaceted impact of training programs on both employee performance and organizational success. the study reveals significant correlations between participation in training programs and various indicators of employee performance, including job satisfaction, productivity, and adaptability to change. Moreover, the research identifies a positive relationship between effective training initiatives and organizational success metrics such as profitability, innovation, and employee retention. Ultimately, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the critical linkages between training, employee performance, and organizational success in contemporary workplaces. Key Words: Employee Performance, Job Satisfaction Organizational Success, Training Programs.
Implementation of Small-Scale Industries and Medium-Scale Industries using Agile Manufacturing in Different Methods
Authors: R Ms Ranjitha
Published: May 2024

The overall market for current power gadgets and get-together structures with related organizations has a gigantic number of individuals with numerous things in different applications like social occasion parts, exhausting and material clearing. Clients are found in adventures like the auto business, off-turnpike vehicles, the equipment business, aeronautics, devices, the energy region, and general present-day get-togethers. In particular, the business area has been powerful in making advanced electric present-day contraptions and systems that assist clients with achieving getting according to their subtleties and cutoff missteps and breaks in progress. With a rising interest in electric vehicles, battery creation, and creating use of lighter materials, the auto business centres around imaginative party plans. The market demands new assembling developments, for example, controlling paste and sealants and self-infiltrating riveting. The market for machine vision ends up being continuously huge, driven by creating revenue in computerization, quality and proficiency in current creation. Machine vision courses of action are used in discrete creation, similar to the vehicle business, and conflicting cycle creation, similar to metal and paper creation, significant level material collecting, and sun-fueled chargers. Nimble Assembling and Nimble Gathering is a technique for making and Creating things in a manner that is more versatile and Flexible than Standard Systems. This implies Changing or Adjusting the Creation Communication Quickly and Actually to satisfy the Client's endless needs better. The Gathering System is working and has changed to a 21st-century technique. Expected to be Very Responsive. They license makers to rapidly answer changes, whether those changes are in client interest, advancement, or even the business place itself. Keywords—Agile Manufacturing. Organizations' names are PSR, ABC, and SRR veiled are be the Tainted level, and can't be revived since organizations are Coercion Objects are Situated in Mysore City (India).
Vývoj poznatkové báze kognitivně-komunikačního paradigmatu učitele primární školy
Authors: Provázková Stolinská Dominika
Published: May 2024

V návaznosti na záměry a cíle uváděné v dokumentu Strategie vzdělávací politiky ČR do roku 2030+ probíhají aktuálně v České republice kroky k reformě pregraduální přípravy budoucích učitelů. Tato skutečnost se nevyhýbá ani studiu Učitelství pro 1. stupeň základní školy.V článku jsme se zaměřili na vývoj výzkumných snah odborníků v oblasti kognitivně-komunikačního paradigmatu, které staví na úrovni pedagogické komunikace, a tím se promítá do komunikativní kompetence. Ta je pro učitele primární školy naprosto základní a zásadní, protože přímo ovlivňuje všechny ostatní kompetence.
Uváděný vývoj poznatkové báze tematiky je výsledkem systematického mapování při analýze tuzemských i zahraničních výzkumů a může být podkladem pro strukturaci komunikativní kompetence učitelů primární školy.
Fuentes del Derecho Administrativo en la gestión pública
Authors: Barba Tamayo Edison Paul , Rodríguez Aunqui Hernán Rómulo , Castro Solis Paula Nicole
Published: May 2024

En el campo jurídico administrativo, existen varias figuras jurídicas que son de vital importancia para la administración pública en general, pero es fundamental reconocer las fuentes del Derecho Administrativo con el fin de ejercer una gestión pública alineada a un Estado constitucional de derechos; estas fuentes son sumamente importantes para la administración. El presente trabajo, a través de una revisión bibliográfica seria, caracteriza estas fuentes y permite colegir que estas fuentes debido a  sus características especiales permiten lograr no solamente una base conceptual y epistemológica del ejercicio del poder, sino también otorga al Estado una visión más amplia, ordenada, donde se respeten tanto los derechos como las garantías de los ciudadanos y de los servidores públicos, permitiendo de esta forma una gestión pública transparente, eficiente, equitativa y sólida, que trabaje en conjunto con las diversas instituciones públicas-privadas, guiándose de esta manera en cada una de las leyes, jurisprudencia, reglamentos y sobre todo en la Constitución.
Influence of Work Discipline and Communication on Employee Performance
Authors: Purwadayana Yulianthy , Riadi Farid , Zulfikar Vicky Achmad , Rinawati Nenny
Published: May 2024

This study aims to investigate and analyze the impact of work discipline and communication on employee performance in the agricultural industry, specifically in the context of websites and applications used in marketplaces. The research methodology employed consists of descriptive and verification techniques. The researchers employed a questionnaire as the data-collecting method, which was sent to 43 individuals. The instrument underwent rigorous testing before its deployment to ensure its validity and reliability. The statistical technique employed was path analysis, conducted using SPSS version 25 software.
According to the research findings, employees' motivation and work discipline in a marketplace operating as a website and application in the agribusiness sector were judged to be satisfactory. Work discipline and communication impact on employee performance account for 83.3%, while the remaining 16.6% is attributed to other variables. The results indicate that the combination of work discipline and communication substantially impacts employee performance in the agricultural industry, specifically in the marketplace of websites and applications.
Citizen resistance to the nepotism politics of the Head of Pulau Tinggi Village
Authors: S. Zulian , Winarno Winarno , Rasyid Machmud Al
Published: May 2024

This study aims to examine how village heads carry out nepotism politics against citizens in high island villages and how citizens in high island villages carry out resistance politics in the face of high island village head nepotism politics. The research method used is qualitative with a Case Study strategy. This study seeks to find the politics of nepotism carried out by the village head and the politics of resistance used by citizens in the high island village. The results showed that the politics of nepotism carried out by the village head was a form of support given to his family in the election that occurred in the high island village. Citizen Resistance to Nepotism Politics of the Head of Pulau Tinggi Village in holding elections was carried out due to citizens' awareness of participation in democracy.
Validation of Abbreviated Science Anxiety Scale in the Indian Context
Authors: Balgotra Dimpy , Chakraborty Dr. Rajib
Published: May 2024

The abbreviated science anxiety scale1 was validated in the Indian context with 290 secondary school students of grade 8 as the sample subjects. Exploratory factor analysis revealed the original two factors explaining 54.778 % of total variance in science anxity construct. Confirmatory factor analysis validated the factor structure of the construct with excellent goodness of fit estimates like CMIN/DF = 1.830, CFI = 0.969, TLI = 0.957, RMSEA = 0.054 and SRMR = 0.0392, conducted using the estimator maximum likelihood (ML). The floor and ceiling effect estimation for content validity showed that both the effects are absent with estimates way lesser than the benchmark of 15 % at 6.55 % and 0 % respectively. The internal consistency reliability estimation using Cronbach’s alpha found that the five items of the first factor “Learning science anxiety” and four items of the second factor “Science evaluation anxiety” had this estimate at 0.803 and 0.678 respectively, both of which fairly indicate good measurement of reliability of the scale. The education implications of the study are discussed.
The Environmental Impact of Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) on Health
Authors: Molua Collins O.
Published: May 2024

We have methodically scrutinized the pervasive electromagnetic fields (EMF) prevalent in modern society for their potential health hazards. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF), resulting biological effects, present recommendations, population characteristics, and public opinion. The main aim of this research is to give a comprehensive explanation of the subject. The data collection process encompassed gathering EMF exposure levels in different settings, analyzing experimental studies on biological impacts, consolidating existing standards, investigating demographic discrepancies, and evaluating public perception through surveys. We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics to summarize the findings and inferential statistics to evaluate the relationships between variables. EMF exposure levels differed among various locations, with metropolitan areas and industrial facilities demonstrating elevated amounts. Studies in real life have shown that electromagnetic fields (EMF) can have many effects on living things, including increased oxidative stress, changed gene expression, and messed up biological cycles. Different organizations had varying guidelines, which were based on different risk assessment approaches. There were differences in the demographic groups regarding their exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) and their levels of awareness. Children and teenagers had more exposure to EMF, whereas younger individuals showed higher levels of awareness but variable degrees of concern. Public opinion differed among age groups, with younger people relying more on online sources for information. This study offers significant insights into the complex correlation between electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure and human health. The results emphasize the necessity of focused evaluation of risks and implementation of measures to reduce them, standardization of standards, and customized communication campaigns to tackle demographic differences in awareness and apprehension. This research contributes new findings to the existing body of knowledge, facilitating public discussions, influencing governmental decisions, and fostering a healthier and more informed society.
Structure and Use of Simple Terms in Terminology Standards
Authors: Guruuchin Gerelmaa
Published: May 2024

he author deals with simple terms that occur in the standard we use today in this article. Among the 10421 terms of the 85 standards used, there are 1193 siтple terms in different standards and duplicated in the same standard, which accounts for 11.3% of the total terms.The derivation of these simple terms, native Mongolian terms account for 976 out of 1193 simple terms or 81.8%, and the remaining 226 terms are from Russian and English. 82.8% of the terms of foreign origin came from the Russian language and 12.8% came from the English language, which shows that the terms of Russian origin are comparatively steady. Simple terms formed by suffixes account for 6.7% of terms and few suffixes such as -lt, -gch, -uur2, -l, -mj are repeated regularly, which means that it is vital to use a diversity of suffixes to create terms. From the aspect of the lexicological structure, in addition to nouns, many adjectives and verbs are used in the standard, due to the need to denote processes and characteristics. Also, in the process of writing this article, the definition of the word “gazar” was defined in three different ways, and the author tries to explain the norms of the language by proving that the definitions were incorrectly defined.
Стандарт дахь дан бүтэцтэй нэр томьёоны бүтэц бүрэлдэхүүн, хэрэглээ
Хураангуй: Энэ өгүүлэлд өдгөө бидний хэрэглэж байгаа стандартад тохиолдох нэг үгээс бүтсэн буюу дан бүтэцтэй нэр томьёог судлан үзэв. Хэрэглэгдэхүүн болгож авсан 85 стандартын 10421 нэр томьёоны дотор дан бүтэцтэй нэр томьёо өөр өөр стандарт болон нэг стандартад давхардсан тоогоор 1193 байгаа нь нийт нэр томьёоны 11.3%-ийг эзэлж байна. Эдгээр дан бүтэцтэй нэр томьёоны гарал үүслийн хувьд уугуул монгол нэр томьёо 1193 дан нэр томьёоны 976 нь буюу 81.8 %-ийг эзэлж байгаа тул үлдсэн 226 орос болон англи хэлнээс орсон нэр томьёо байна. Харь гаралтай нэр томьёоны 82.8% нь орос хэлээс орсон, 12.8% нь англи хэлнээс орсон нь орос хэлний гаралтай нэр томьёо харьцангуй тогтвортой байгааг харуулж байна. Дагаврын аргаар бүтсэн нэр томьёо нь дан бүтэцтэй нэр томьёоны 6,7%-ийг эзэлж, -лт, -гч, -уур2, -л, -мж зэрэг цөөн дагавар олонтоо давтагдаж байгаа нь нэр томьёо бүтээхэд олон төрлийн дагавар ашиглах нь чухал байгааг илэрхийлж байна. Үгийн сангийн бүрэлдэхүүний талаас стандартад нэр үгээс гадна тэмдэг нэр, үйл үг олон тохиолддог нь үйл явц, шинж чанарыг заах шаардлагаас үүсжээ. Мөн энэ өгүүллийг бичих явцад “газар” хэмээх үгийн тодорхойлолтыг 3 өөр янзаар тодорхойлсноос үзвэл өмнөх стандартыг судлалгүй стандарт хийдэг, тодорхойлолтыг буруу тодорхойлсон зэргийг жишээгээр батлан, хэлний хэм хэмжээнд нийцүүлэхийг зорив.Түлхүүр үг: стандарт, дан нэр томьёо, үүсмэл нэр томьёо, уугуул нэр томьёо, дагаврын аргаар бүтсэн дан нэр томьёо
Results of Compliance Test for Determining the Mongolian Script Knowledge and Skills of Civil Servants
Authors: Jambaljav Gerelmaa
Published: May 2024

In the framework of conducting the preparatory work for the implementation of the medium and long-term planning of the official transition to the use of the Mongolian script, the results of the analysis of the test used to determine the level of knowledge and ability of government employees in the Mongolian script are reflected in this article. The study will determine the level of knowledge and skills of the government employees in Mongolian script, and based on that, the directions and forms of activities will be determined. Also, this study is academically and practically important on the following points. 

Contribute to the development of Mongolian literacy education theory and methodology. 
Ideas and understanding of adult literacy (Mongolian script) education will develop. 
Contribute to the creation of systematic knowledge about the research methods of Mongolian script. 
It will be possible to put research materials on Mongolian literacy education into academic circulation. 
It is possible to use the programs, manuals, training materials, and methods developed during the pilot study. 
Once the comprehensive and systematic procedure of Mongolian script for adults (programs, manuals, trainers, electronic and paper materials) is tested and ready, the target groups (public servants) will be upskilled and human resources will be increased in the field. 
As a result of the study, a database, standardized test database, and research database will be created. 

Төрийн албан хаагчдын монгол бичгийн мэдлэг, чадварыг тодорхойлох сорилын нийцлийн шинжилгээний үр дүн
Хураангуй: Монгол бичгийн хэрэглээнд албан ёсоор шилжих дунд болон урт хугацааны төлөвлөлтийг хэрэгжүүлэх бэлтгэл ажлын хүрээнд төрийн албан хаагчдын монгол бичгийн мэдлэг, чадварын түвшнийг тогтооход ашиглах сорилын нийцлийг шинжлэх судалгааны үр дүнг энэхүү өгүүлэлд тусгав. Төрийн албан хаагчдын монгол бичгийн мэдлэг, чадвар ямар түвшинд байгааг судалгаагаар тогтоож, түүнд тулгуурлан дэмжих чиглэл, үйл ажиллагааны арга хэлбэрийг тодорхойлох юм. Мөн энэхүү судалгааны эрдэм шинжилгээний болон практик ач холбогдлыг бид дараах байдлаар тодорхойлж байна.

Монгол бичиг үсгийн боловсролын онол, арга зүйг хөгжүүлэхэд хувь нэмэр оруулна.
Насанд хүрэгчдийн бичиг үсгийн (монгол бичгийн) боловсролын үзэл санаа, ойлголт төлөвшинө.
Монгол бичгийн эрдэм шинжилгээний арга хандлагын талаар системтэй мэдлэг бий болоход хувь нэмэр оруулна.
Монгол бичиг үсгийн боловсролын талаарх судалгааны материалыг эрдэм шинжилгээний эргэлтэд оруулах боломж бүрдэнэ.
Турших судалгааны явцад боловсруулсан хөтөлбөр, гарын авлага, сургалтын хэрэглэгдэхүүн, ашиглах арга аргачлалыг ашиглах боломжтой.
Монгол бичгийн насанд хүрэгчдийн сургалтын нэгдсэн системчилсэн (хөтөлбөр, гарын авлага, сургагч багш, цахим болон цаасан хэрэглэгдэхүүн) багц туршигдаж бэлэн болсноор зорилтот бүлгүүд чадавхжиж хүний нөөц бий болно.
Мэдээллийн сан, түвшинчилсэн сорилын сан, судалгааны өгөгдлийн сантай болно.

Түлхүүр үг: монгол бичиг, түвшин, даалгавар, шинжилгээ, арга, хүчин зүйлс
El «lifelong learning» como respuesta a los desafíos de la revolución 5.0 en el marco del horizonte 2030
Authors: Rial-Gonzalez Pablo , Sarceda-Gorgoso M. Carmen , Santamaría Queiruga Olaya
Published: May 2024

El lifelong learning es un elemento clave para afrontar los desafíos de la revolución 4.0 que ha implicado la transformación digital y la automatización de los procesos productivos. Partiendo de este antecedente, la actual revolución 5.0, basada en la inteligencia artificial (IA), requiere volver a centrar la mirada en el aprendizaje a lo largo de la vida. El horizonte 2030 es una fecha estimada para alcanzar algunos de los objetivos de esta revolución: mejora de la competitividad, innovación e inclusión social. Este trabajo plantea como objetivo profundizar en el lifelong learning y su papel estratégico para afrontar los desafíos de este nuevo contexto de transición de industria 4.0 a revolución 5.0. Para ello, se realiza una revisión sistemática de literatura con un análisis bibliométrico en Scopus y WOS acerca del binomio trabajo-formación, la revolución 5.0 y las transformaciones con relación al trabajo y el aprendizaje. Los resultados obtenidos permiten concluir que la educación permanente es clave para adquirir los conocimientos y las aptitudes necesarios, no solo desde una perspectiva económica, sino especialmente como medio para promover la apertura, la tolerancia, la democracia y la inclusión social. Sin embargo, requiere reflexionar sobre cuál debe ser la hoja de ruta para adaptar los procesos formativos a estas necesidades emergentes.
O manejo do enfermeiro no diagnóstico tardio de sífilis em gestantes
Authors: Carozo Hugo Emanuel Santos Dantas , Silva Ana Lívia dos Santos Gomes da , Soares Jandson de Oliveira
Published: May 2024

Na sífilis congênita quando há diagnóstico precoce e oportuno durante a gravidez são cruciais para evitar complicações sérias tanto para a mãe quanto para o feto. Como objetivo a esta pesquisa buscou abordar os cuidados da enfermagem no diagnóstico tardio da sífilis em gestantes. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão integrativa da literatura, ou seja, coleta de dados disponíveis. nas seguintes bases de dados: Literatura Latino-Americana em Ciências de Saúde (LILACS), PubMed. Os resultados encontraram 7 artigos mediante objetivo dessa pesquisa, o qual busca relatar o manejo do enfermeiro no diagnóstico tardio da sífilis em gestantes, destacando a importância de sua atuação no contexto da saúde pública e na promoção de bem-estar materno e fetal. Nas discussões observou-se a importância do cuidado da enfermagem as gestantes diagnosticadas com sífilis, assistência de enfermagem ao longo do pré-natal das gestantes portadoras de sífilis e a adesão das gestantes ao tratamento prescrito para a sífilis. Por fim, sobre a atuação do enfermeiro para com relação no diagnóstico tardio de sífilis em gestantes, cita-se o ato de humanização nas ações como, programa de prevenção, cuidado assistencial e social, cuidado integral no exame, o enfermeiro e toda equipe de saúde deve assistir todas as fases do exame e demostrar a importância da realização.
Intra entrepreneurial skills and the impact on engineer employability
Authors: Silva Ana Luiza , Carneiro Neto José Aprígio , Andrade Herlandi de Souza
Published: May 2024

This article presents a study on intrapreneurial skills and their influence on the employability of engineers. These skills are highlighted as a strategic differentiator, both for professionals and for the companies that employ them. The research shows the importance of the constant evolution of intrapreneurial skills and abilities on the part of engineers, to stay up to date with new technologies and job market demands, thus increasing their chances of success in the market. Furthermore, the presence of intrapreneurial professionals in companies not only boosts competitiveness in the market, but also contributes significantly to the organization's success in the face of competition.
PEMANFAATAN TELEGRAM UNTUK PENDETEKSI KEBOCORAN GAS BERBASIS NODEMCU
Authors: Tri Sulistyorini  , Nelly Sofi  , Erma Sova
Published: May 2024

A significant increase in consumption of natural resources in the household sector is the use of LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) gas, this can increase the risk of fire due to leaks from gas cylinders.    These gas leaks are often unknown to users because not all LPG cylinder manufacturers provide a security system for the LPG cylinders they sell, so not all homes have gas leak sensors on LPG cylinders, therefore a tool is needed to detect LPG gas leaks. In view of these problems, in this research a device was created that can detect gas in a room with an MQ-2 sensor and apply a notification system using Telegram as an SMS notification sender and a buzzer as an alarm. The design of this detection tool as a whole is controlled by the NodeMCU ESP8226. During system testing, when a gas leak is detected at a distance of 1cm – 100cm with the MQ-2 sensor, the system will provide a notification via Telegram and activate the alarm (the buzzer will beep). The process of sending this message takes around 4-6 seconds. The tool was also tested on two different cellphones and obtained the expected results and good performance.
Introduction
Authors: Von Glahn Denise
Published: May 2024

The introduction explains the genesis of the study and its reliance on multiple archival collections. It situates the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation within early philanthropic practices in the United States and traces its origins from an ambitious family-focused memorial to a philanthropic juggernaut within a largely self-created network of arts- and education-focused organizations. Deliberate attention to marketing and branding attached elite status to its fellowships. The foundation’s progressive mission, which promised consideration of applicants without taking account of race or gender, is noteworthy given its emergence in 1925, during an era rife with racism and antisemitism, the latter of which was experienced personally by the Guggenheims. The introduction places this study within contemporary scholarship on arts and philanthropic institutions.
Introduction
Authors: Wilkins Langston Collin
Published: May 2024

This introductory chapter lays out the book’s key argument that Houston’s hip hop heritage is a product of African Americans’ attachment to place and deeply impacts hip hop artists’ music-making practices. It also includes significant discussions of space, place, and heritage--the theoretical foundations of the entire book. It closes with discussion of methods and an overview of the Houston hip hop scene.
If You Go Down to Houston
Authors: Wilkins Langston Collin
Published: May 2024

This chapter provides an overview of Black civic space in Houston, Texas. Historically, African Americans have lived in three specific parts of Houston, colloquially named the Northside, Southside, and Southwest. These neighborhoods hold much of the history and have cultivated much of the culture of Black Houston. Residents of these areas hold strong attachments to them, symbolically carrying the neighborhood with them wherever they go. The street culture developed in these areas went on to shape and maintain local hip hop heritage.
Seeing Orange
Authors: Pillai Shreerekha
Published: May 2024

Piper Kerman’s memoir inspires a binge spectacle, vis-à-vis the Netflix generated productions of Jenji Kohan’s seven seasons of “Orange is the New Black” (OITNB, 2013-19). In entertaining spectators eager to consume the ‘other’ vis-à-vis the carceral subject, Kohan presents women from the margins and brings to the fore how violence – patriarchal, state-sponsored, ideological – often intertwined and difficult to discern works its way into their lives. Kohan, in trying to do it all and tell everyone’s stories rather than just Piper’s as in the memoir falls for the racial legerdemain that is always at work in the American imaginary and sublimates the radical potential of a televised social justice project.
These Stories Will Not Be Confined
Authors: Eleftheriou Joanna
Published: May 2024

This chapter dramatizes the author’s experience teaching creative writing courses at a state prison. The students’ resilience, determination, and desire to learn is contrasted with their humiliating circumstances. The narrative offers glimpses into the daily lives of incarcerated men, and wrestles with the moral problem of incarceration and forced labor as a form of punishment.
Introduction
Authors: Shakes Nicosia
Published: May 2024

The introduction engages with the connections between theatre, women-led public protests, and the intersections of race with geography in Africa and the African Diaspora. It discusses the significance of the work of Sistren Theatre Collective, the Mothertongue Project, Letters from the Dead, and Olive Tree Theatre in the wider context of activisms for gender and racial justice. With examples, it outlines pertinent ideas in the study of Black women’s geographies and theatre as a form of activism. Additionally, it describes the author’s research methodology and provides a chapter outline.
Becoming a “Folk” Icon
Authors: Seeger Anthony
Published: May 2024

The introduction to the first part of the volume, “The Politics of Authenticity and Iconicity,” discusses how singers become iconic figures through authenticating discourses tied to different aspects of identity and life history. Whether a singer’s symbolic power draws on their cultural upbringing, musical ability, life experience, perceived emotional expressivity, or some combination therein, such claims to authenticity frequently compete with one another for importance, especially when different singers are compared. Discussing the author’s own research on blues musicians and the section’s chapters on the American folksinger Pete Seeger, the Egyptian singer Shakyh Imam, and K-pop groups, the introduction highlights two notions of authenticity: authentic original and authentic expression.
Teresa Teng
Authors: Bourdaghs Michael K.
Published: May 2024

This chapter examines the American opera icon Beverly Sills’s (1929–2007) role in mediating between mainstream and elite tastes—making opera popular through her “down-to-earth demeanor” and appearances on nationally televised talk shows, while at the same time eliciting the scorn of certain highbrow critics. Juxtaposing the online overtures of enthusiastic fans with the critiques of critics and scholars, the chapter highlights class-inspired contradictions present in distinctions between highbrow and popular culture.
The Propaganda of Freedom
Authors: Horowitz Joseph
Published: May 2024

The Congress for Cultural Freedom, as chief cultural propaganda arm of the U.S. government during the Cold War, embraced a propaganda of freedom asserting that only “free artists” in “free societies” produce great art, and that in “totalitarian” states, genuine creativity is not possible. The sources of this doctrine, surprisingly, included a “psychology of exile” experienced by Igor Stravinsky and Nicolas Nabokov, for whom it was a survival strategy. From its inception, the doctrine was plainly counterfactual. Nabokov believed in it because he had to. Others—notably Kennedy and Arthur Schlesinger—believed in it for reasons we can only surmise. It seems unlikely that the propaganda of freedom was credible for its most intended audience: the non-Communist Left in Western Europe and Latin America. Certainly its most conspicuous product, Nabokov’s 1952 Paris festival, was on balance an expensive mistake. Here, Sidney Hook’s verdict is precisely correct: it more served Nabokov’s interests than the nation’s. In the latter stages of the Cold War, cultural diplomacy proved a better propaganda instrument than the CCF. It also, by virtue of achieving some degree of mutual acquaintance, disproved the claims of the propaganda of freedom about as thoroughly as anything could.
JFK, the Artist, and “Free Societies”
Authors: Horowitz Joseph
Published: May 2024

President Kennedy was an eloquent advocate for the arts as a signature of American greatness. He invited Casals and Stravinsky to the White House. In his “Amherst speech” and other pronouncements, assisted by Arthur Schlesinger, he declared that only “free artists” in “free societies” produced great art. But this claim, a product of Cold War dogma, is plainly counterfactual. Kennedy’s own efforts were fledgling but auspicious. It is little known that, when he died, following up on an arts report by August Heckscher, he was about to appoint Richard Goodwin an activist White House adviser on the arts.
Lines of Battle
Authors: Horowitz Joseph
Published: May 2024

Nicolas Nabokov’s friendships with Stravinsky and (to a lesser degree) Prokofiev shaped his attitudes toward their music. For Nabokov, Stravinsky was the supreme composer of his time. Shostakovich was a Soviet stooge, a victim of Soviet totalitarianism.
Cold War Music, East and West
Authors: Horowitz Joseph
Published: May 2024

Marina Frolova-Walker’s Stalin Music Prize (2016) is one in a series of revisionist studies of Soviet musical culture showing it to be more “bottom-up” and less “top-down” than Cold War propagandists like Nabokov had imagined. As in the United States, an effort was made to popularize classical music. While heavy-handed, it was on balance at least as meritorious as the U.S. “music appreciation” movement, which suffered from commercialization and a Eurocentric bias. The Soviet emphasis on “praxis” was also notable. In sum, the Soviet classical music scene was riper and more integrated than the American, notwithstanding its dogma and abuses. The odyssey of Aaron Copland, whose efforts to “serve the state” musically resulted in a Red Scare backlash, casts further perspective on the US-Soviet juxtaposition.
Afterword
Authors: Horowitz Joseph
Published: May 2024

Moving forward, and processing the lessons of the propaganda of freedom, what is the optimum relationship of the state to the artist and to the arts? The American arts are today eroding fast, and our experiment in laissez-faire arts support and leadership may now be declared a failure. The Cold War bias against federal arts support, impinging on “free artists,” should be put to rest. President Kennedy’s legacy as an arts advocate is mixed and complex. The impulse behind the NEA was at least as much Nelson Rockefeller’s New York State Council on the Arts as it was Kennedy’s vision of a more civilized America.
The Politics of Being Lesbian
Authors: Mennel Barbara
Published: May 2024

Friedrich’s films during the 1990s, which advance political activism with experimental cinema, constitute the focus of “The Politics of Being Lesbian.” During this decade she increases her use of documentary filmmaking practice. First Comes Love (1991) integrates avant-garde features with factual information in a critique of the heterosexual wedding ritual. For Lesbian Avengers Eat Fire, Too (1993), she collaborated with Janet Baus in an activist documentary, while Rules of the Road of the same year combines a reflection on a failed romantic relationship with shots of station wagons in New York City. Hide and Seek (1996) poses the question of the possibility of lesbian childhoods. With these films, Friedrich responded to the culture wars and spearheaded the emergence of New Queer Cinema.
Introduction
Authors: Soares Kristie
Published: May 2024

The introduction defines joy as a politicized form of pleasure, and it argues that Cuban and Puerto Rican diasporic media producers engage with joy to negotiate systems of racialized gender that date back to colonization. It begins by tracing how political versions of joy in Cuban and Puerto Rican media are reactions to racist depictions of Latinx joy that have pervaded popular discourse over centuries of colonial and imperial rule. It then explains how this theorization of joy extends out of work in women of color feminisms, affect theory, performance studies, Latinx studies, and queer of color critique. Finally, it contends that joy remains an understudied affective response precisely because its relationship to the political is often ambiguous.
Dale
Authors: Soares Kristie
Published: May 2024

This chapter analyzes rapper-turned-pop star Pitbull’s signature affect and phrase dale (literally, give it, but colloquially, go for it) in the context of the 2007 financial crisis. The chapter reads dale as part of the artist’s larger affective strategy of performing joyful excess—appearing primarily as excess consumption and an excessive performance of masculinity. In tracing how Pitbull, ironically, uses excess to complicate capitalism’s focus on both productivity and reproductivity, the chapter examines the relationship between excess and neoliberal capitalism. It proposes that Pitbull’s dale both seizes the present moment in an age of neoliberal precarity, and demonstrates how the very communities most harmed by capitalism also remain indebted (literally) to it.
Class, Race, Gender, and Empire
Authors: Khan Tariq D.
Published: May 2024

This chapter discusses the theoretical frameworks and approaches to history, such as Indigenous feminism, Black radicalism, and anarchism that shape this study’s approach. It serves to clarify what the much-abused and oft-misunderstood category working class means, and why the category of class cannot be treated as separate from other important categories of social analysis such as race, gender, and, crucially, relationship to empire. In US society and politics, race, class, and gender are coconstitutive categories that produce and reproduce each other within the larger intertwined systems of capitalism, white supremacy, and colonialism.
The Guns of 1877
Authors: Khan Tariq D.
Published: May 2024

The proletarian uprisings of 1877 were a significant turning point for the US bourgeoisie as they consciously turned the ideology, mythology, policies, weapons, and tactics of external settler colonial warfare on what they perceived to be an internal “communist” threat to civilization. It was an early example of what present-day sociologists call imperial feedback. It discusses US statesman John Hay to exemplify how colonialism turned inward. Hay is a useful example not only because of the influential and high-level positions he held in the US political, media, and literary establishments but because he was a mild-mannered, refined political moderate, safely inside the mainstream of US culture and politics
Introduction
Authors: Smith Gary Scott
Published: May 2024

Unpacking the nature and influence of Hillary Rodham Clinton’s faith is crucial to understanding her priorities, motives, and actions in various stages of her life. Methodism helped shape Clinton’s political philosophy and inspire her extensive social activism. For a variety of reasons, Clinton’s faith, although strongly held and sometimes explicitly expressed, has been underappreciated. The secularity and disinterest of the media, dislike of George W. Bush’s outspokenness about his faith, the belief that many politicians use religious rhetoric for ulterior purposes, her reluctance to discuss her personal life, and the animosity of the religious right have all contributed to Clinton’s faith being either neglected or misconstrued.
“I Felt My Heart Strangely Warmed”
Authors: Smith Gary Scott
Published: May 2024

The faith of Hillary Rodham Clinton was strongly shaped by her parents—Hugh and Dorothy Rodham—First Methodist Church of Park Ridge, Illinois, and youth minister Don Jones. As a child and teenager, Clinton participated enthusiastically in the church’s worship, fellowship, and outreach. Its message and ministry, which embodied the long-standing Methodist emphasis on the social implications of the gospel, forced her confront the problems of economic inequality and social injustice. Jones served a father figure, mentor, spiritual advisor, and confidant to Clinton from her teenage years until his death in 2009. As a youth, Clinton embraced her father’s fervor for free enterprise, her mother’s compassion for the poor and oppressed, and Jones’s outrage about the disparity between the rich and poor.
“God Grant That I May Never Live to Be Useless!”
Authors: Smith Gary Scott
Published: May 2024

Hillary Rodham Clinton was devastated by her shocking loss to Donald Trump, which ended her long-standing dream of becoming president and greatly expanding the good she could do. Clinton relied on her strong faith to cope with her defeat, and it continued to inspire her efforts to improve the lives of women and children. Sexism played a major role in the 2016 campaign, as it had in 2008. Although numerous other social and political factors were important in Trump’s triumph, religious ones were critical. One of Clinton’s principal mistakes during her campaign was her failure to appeal more effectively to religious constituencies, especially evangelicals, whose votes propelled Trump to victory. More targeted campaigning to religious groups could have enabled Clinton to win this incredibly close election.
Pre-Flamenco Music
Authors: Manuel Peter
Published: May 2024

This chapter explores the prehistory of flamenco, starting with its roots in Moorish Spain, and the likely connections between Arab-derived modality and Andalusian modal harmony. Possible connections with India, and the impact of Afro-Latin musics are discussed, along with the important role played by Gitanos. Roots of specific features of flamenco are traced in various Spanish musics, such as seventeenth- and eighteenth-century keyboard fandangos and the guitar music of Gaspar Sanz. Special attention is paid to the emergence of urban lumpen proletarian subcultures from the latter eighteenth century, and to the role of their music and dance in the formation of a particular kind of Spanish cultural nationalism influenced by Romantic ideology and a reaction against French and Italian fashions and aesthetics.
Flamenco Lyrics
Authors: Manuel Peter
Published: May 2024

This chapter is devoted to flamenco lyrics. It surveys their general style and format and their typical themes, with numerous examples. Representations of gender, sociopolitical commentary, Gitano identity, and class consciousness are discussed, as are arguments about their origins--that is, whether they derive from lettered poets or from oral tradition. The relation to the Andalusian tradition of singing and freely composing short coplas is assessed, and the contributions of some particular modern writers (letristas) are noted, especially in relation to production of commercial recordings.
The Abundant Life
Authors: Handley George B.
Published: May 2024

This chapter explores Lowell Bennion’s ideas about the primacy and dignity of the human personality and his understanding of what Christians know as “the abundant life,” as he drew from developments in psychology (particularly Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs), the implications of personalism, and the Latter-day Saint concept of divinization or the eternal progression of the soul. He sought to protect individuals from abuse and neglect as a result of institutionalism by emphasizing the need for institutions to inspire every individual to use intelligence and creativity in deliberately shaping the affections and living with integrity according to chosen values. He pointed to the dangers of perfectionism and celebrated the virtues of simple living.
“The Most Restless of Mortals”
Authors: Huber Hannah L.
Published: May 2024

This chapter reads the titular sculptor in Henry James’s 1875 novel Roderick Hudson against American innovators of James’s own generation like Thomas Edison to critique cultural demands for mechanized efficiency and twenty-four-hour activity. Nineteenth-century theories of social degeneration by Francis Galton and George Miller Beard promoted the detrimental effects of industrial and technological advancement on artistic genius. James dramatizes this deterioration through a thematic tension of kinesis and stasis, in which the artist’s restlessness produces only immobile figures and the novel’s rapid motion culminates in untimely death, highlighting a moment in which American culture drove human bodies to collapse. Taking measure of the late nineteenth-century call for efficiency, Roderick Hudson forecasts the dangers of a culture that demands constant action.
Music as Misdirection
Authors: Leddington Jason
Published: May 2024

No modern city is more closely associated with theatrical (or “stage”) magic than Las Vegas. And, like many stage performers, magicians employ music for dramatic effect—for instance, to raise suspense as a performance approaches its climax. However, in this brief chapter, I’ll argue that magicians also use music as misdirection, that is, as a way to direct the audience’s attention away from the method of the trick. In this respect, magicians use music to facilitate the deception that’s necessary to create the illusion of the impossible that is magic’s distinctive aesthetic goal. Music can frame, stimulate, and illuminate, but it can simultaneously also block and blind. No wonder, then, that it’s everywhere in Vegas, which, like magic, works only if we’re receptive to the illusions it openly manufactures.
Elvis in Vegas
Authors: Wright Brian F.
Published: May 2024

Most histories of rock ’n’ roll treat Elvis Presley’s early career as his best and most “authentic” period and present his later years in Las Vegas as a prolonged deterioration. Such depictions, however, often gloss over the singer’s long-standing and productive relationship with the city. This chapter analyzes four key moments in Presley’s career: his failed first appearance in Vegas, the release of his 1964 movie musical Viva Las Vegas, his 1969 return to live performance, and his later Vegas residencies in the 1970s. By detailing Presley’s public relationship with Las Vegas alongside its criticisms from the press, this chapter ultimately explores both the significant role that the city played in his successes and the elitist and classist biases that distorted his contemporary reception.
Viva Viagra
Authors: Deaville James , Bews Kirstin
Published: May 2024

A 2007-9 television advertising campaign for Pfizer’s erectile-dysfunction medication Viagra parodied Elvis’s iconic song “Viva Las Vegas” from his eponymous 1964 movie. One of the commercials presents a group of middle-aged men singing and playing “Viva Viagra” in a roadhouse, the original words altered to accommodate the monogamous heteronormative lifestyle promoted by the company. This chapter positions the ad within broader discourses of Presley’s evolving musical style and sexual persona, his relationship with Las Vegas, and direct-to-consumer pharmaceutical marketing. By situating the spot within the historical reality and prevailing myths of Elvis and Vegas, we consider how it draws on male fantasies of (hetero)sexual license and freedom and fosters nostalgia for bygone virility while accessing the culture of (over)medicating for age-related bodily dysfunction.
Comedy Tonight
Authors: Rostosky Arreanna
Published: May 2024

The phenomenon of the Broadway-Vegas transfer remains relatively unconsidered in musical theater scholarship, due in part to the lack of significant documentation of these so-called tab shows. An analysis of available resources sheds some light on the decision-making process for bringing Broadway productions to Las Vegas and on how casinos benefited from producing such entertainment for their guests. Using these materials and others, this chapter explores: the emergence and evolution of Broadway musicals in Las Vegas; the legacy of Maynard Sloate, the Vegas tab show’s most prolific producer; and how “success” for these shows has been redefined over the years.
Representation and Value in Michael Daugherty’s Las Vegas Works
Authors: Dallman Laura
Published: May 2024

In his compositions to 2021, Michael Daugherty has eight works that center around Las Vegas. In these works, he uses timbre to evoke the flood of visual stimuli in the city. Performance indications of a visual nature help create a populist flavor, suggesting the atmosphere of a place that thrives not only on commercial tourism, but also on excess and theatricality. Musical quotations also produce aural echoes of well-known performers associated with Las Vegas lounges and casinos. Together, these characteristics produce clear vestiges of Las Vegas for listeners, though not without some provocation. This chapter suggests that by putting Las Vegas on display in a “classical” setting, Daugherty entangles the essence of Las Vegas with the implied values of the concert hall, thus forcing listeners to reconsider values associated with classical music performance.
The Geography of Hate
Authors: Sdunzik Jennifer
Published: May 2024

The Geography of Hate situates the U.S. Midwest at the heart of intersecting dynamics of race, space, ideologies, and institutions. Methodologically innovative and interdisciplinary, it spatializes dominant cultural narratives and exclusionary practices that marginalize communities of color. While taking a new look at the Great Migration by considering small-town America in this conversation, this study uncovers mechanisms, practices, and attitudes of exclusion prevalent in the small-town Midwest that actively prevented a more dispersed African American population across the region. To expand the conversation about southern Black migrants’ destination desires beyond the urban North, it centralizes the midwestern state of Indiana as one important state along the Great Migration corridor for two reasons. This geopolitical focus centralizes the experiences and contributions of Black communities in small-town America while offering crucial insights on white people’s acts and actions that curbed, prevented, and erased a Black presence in their midst. The Geography of Hate maps three distinct, yet intricately interwoven manifestations of white spatial desires: erasure, silence, and memories. Breaking down these three mechanisms, the book exposes the logics and legacies of white desires in small-town America that support and perpetuate racial hierarchies in the United States.
When Black Folk Make the Record
Authors: Sdunzik Jennifer
Published: May 2024

Unlike the previous chapters that detailed mechanisms on how best to erase and forget past nuisances, this chapter illustrates how Blackness is recorded and imagined in small-town Indiana. The complete erasure of the local African American community failed through the belief that Black Americans were violent criminals and lawbreakers—and through perpetuating that belief. This chapter reveals how minimizing positive contributions of people of color while emphasizing their contributions in negative coverage simultaneously reinforces the community’s (desired) whiteness. This chapter lays bare how African Americans have been objectified, dehumanized, and criminalized in small-town Indiana. Mechanisms that cement whiteness discussed in this chapter include Negro registers, minstrel shows, and vagrancy and trespassing ordinances.