bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Durvalumab-induced Type 1 Diabetes in a Patient With Pre-existing GADA-positive Diabetes and Preserved Insulin Secretion
Authors: Nakatake Nobuhiro , Matsuda Megumi , Kontani Hiroki
Published: January 2025

Predicting the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) remains challenging. ICI-induced T1D (ICI-T1D) is a rare but serious complication that leads to complete insulin depletion. While diabetes-associated autoantibodies, such as glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA), are typically absent in non-ICI-related fulminant T1D, they are relatively common in ICI-T1D. However, it is unclear whether these autoantibodies are detectable before the development of ICI-T1D. We present the case of a 61-year-old man with diabetes who had strongly positive GADA and preserved insulin secretion prior to initiating ICI therapy. Following treatment with durvalumab, he developed ICI-T1D, characterized by complete insulin depletion. Notably, the onset of ICI-T1D was precisely tracked on a daily basis, facilitating the timely initiation of insulin therapy and preventing diabetic ketoacidosis. Although the cost-effectiveness of pretreatment GADA screening and intensive monitoring remains a concern, early detection of diabetes-associated autoantibodies and vigilant glucose monitoring after ICI administration may help predict ICI-T1D and enable early therapeutic intervention.
Hyperthyroidism in a Twin Pregnancy With a Hydatidiform Mole and a Coexisting Live Fetus: Management Dilemmas
Authors: Jacobson Samantha , Stetco Jonathan-Raphaël , Brown Richard , Garfield Natasha
Published: January 2025

Hyperthyroidism in twin pregnancies involving a hydatidiform mole and a coexisting live fetus is a rare condition requiring careful management. We present a 34-year-old pregnant woman at 12 weeks' gestation with severe nausea, vomiting, and mild vaginal bleeding. A transvaginal ultrasound revealed a dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy with 1 normal fetus and 1 hydatidiform mole, leading to hyperthyroidism from elevated β human chorionic gonadotropin levels. Conservative management without antithyroid medications, combined with regular monitoring, allowed the pregnancy to continue to term, resulting in the delivery of a healthy baby at 39 weeks. Postpartum management required treatment of retained products of conception. This case highlights the complexities in the management of complications for both mother and fetus.
Model Minority Authoritarianism: Social Mobility and the New Anti-equality Agenda
Authors: Littler Jo
Published: January 2025

This article puts forward a cultural-political formation it terms “model minority authoritarianism.” The idea of the model minority has both been venerated as the virtuous face of immigration and/or nonwhite achievement in the global North and roundly contested and critiqued as a patronizing, divisive, and implicitly racist trope. Yet it is currently embraced by right-wing figures as a route through which the ideology of the opportunity for “upward social mobility” and neoliberal, marketized meritocracy can be promoted; is linked to displays of nationalism, military-style discipline, and centralized control; and presents an image of multicultural progressiveness that is used to give credence to increasingly reactionary policies. This configuration comprises model minority authoritarianism. The article outlines its theorization and analyses its manifestations by considering recent developments in the UK Conservative Party and its wider cultural networks. In particular, it examines the actions of Katharine Birbalsingh, former head of the Social Mobility Commission and “Britain's Strictest Teacher,” alongside policy sources including the “Levelling Up” white paper and the Sewell Report. It argues that model minority authoritarianism needs to be understood as part of a broader right-wing anti-equality agenda that vehemently attacks accounts of structural social inequality and practices seeking to redress it.
Notes on Communism and Transition
Authors: Dean Jodi
Published: January 2025

Marxism is often associated with a stagist, linear model of history. This essay draws from the traditions of Marxist internationalism to challenge that misconception. It emphasizes the multiple and overlapping temporalities within Marxist thought. Recognizing the coexistence of differing economic forms broadens our capacity to recognize political tendencies in the present and resources for building communism.
Exploring and Teaching the Medieval in Afro/Africanfuturism
Authors: Tracy Kisha G.
Published: January 2025

This article explores the benefits of introducing undergraduate students to the genre of Afro/Africanfuturism as an entryway for a survey of medieval Africa. By first exploring fiction written by and about African and African diasporic people, students can become oriented to both the unique aspects of African literature and the common elements of the human experience that exist across time periods and geography. The short story “Egoli” by Zimbabwean author T. L. Huchu is an example of Africanfuturism that incorporates medieval African history, literature, culture, language, and heritage as an integral characteristic of its storytelling. Reading and analyzing this story as well as the genre more broadly allows students to identify aspects of African culture that they will then find connections to as they continue on to study medieval Africa and texts such as the Malian Epic of Sundiata. They become more confident in encountering literature from a time and place that may be unfamiliar to them.
Ugly Seed
Authors: Essex Isaac
Published: January 2025

This piece speculates on cross-special interactions and capacities of sesame: its role within global capital markets, its simultaneous capacity as a restorative crop to sites of exhaustion, and its role in trans health care. In these modes the sesame plant extends its reach, coming into relation with multitudinous entities, traversing barriers of laboring and gendered bodies as a bridge between modalities of thinking vis-à-vis extractive environmental degradation and the multiple becomings of trans personhood. Through these fragments, the author endeavors a dialogue between decolonial environmental humanities, anti-extractive modes of thought, and trans studies, moving contemplatively in a hybrid speculation that attempts to hold simultaneous complexities.
Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression among Nurses during the early phase of COVID-19: A meta-analysis
Authors: Jatt Khalil Ahmed , Erika Sivarajan Froelicher  , Abel Jacobus Pienaar  , Khairunnisa Aziz Dhamani
Published: January 2025

Background & Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic exposed significant mental health challenges among healthcare workers, particularly nurses, who are key frontline responders and are the largest segment of the global health workforce. Given the ongoing threat of Mpox and potential new COVID-19 variants, understanding these challenges is vital. This review estimates the prevalence of anxiety and depression among nurses during the early phase of the pandemic to inform future pandemic responses.
Methods: A systematic review was conducted to identify studies published from January 1st to November 9, 2020. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist. This review was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model to estimate the pooled prevalence of anxiety and depression.
Findings: Twenty-seven studies, involving 39,386 nurses from ten countries, were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of anxiety across 24 studies was 38.54% (95% CI: 33.99, 43.10) (I2 = 97.89%). The pooled prevalence of depression in 22 studies was found to be 35.52% (95% CI: 26.61, 44.43) (I2 = 99.72%).
Interpretation: The pooled prevalence of anxiety and depression in nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 during the early phase of the pandemic was higher than that in other healthcare workers. With the ongoing Mpox outbreak and the potential for future pandemics, these findings necessitate timely screening and robust mental health strategies to support nurses and enhance healthcare resilience.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.2.10828
How to cite this: Jatt KA, Froelicher ES, Pienaar AJ, Dhamani KA. Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression among Nurses during the early phase of COVID-19: A meta-analysis. Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(2):622-629. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.2.10828
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Clinical analysis of the correlation between nutritional risk screening and prognosis of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Wu Qinghua , Cui Najuan , Wang BeiBei
Published: January 2025

Objective: To explore the clinical correlation between nutritional risk screening and prognosis of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Method: Clinical data of 80 patients with COPD admitted to Beijing Hospital of integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine between August 2020 and August 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the Mortality group (n=17) and the survival group (n=63) according to the three years follow-up outcomes. The related data were compared between the two groups, the prognostic factors were analyzed, and the correlation between nutritional risk and prognostic risk factors was explored. The value of nutritional risk in prognosis prediction was analyzed by ROC curve.
Result: Binary logistic regression analysis showed that complications (>2), NRS2002 score (nutritional risk), albumin (ALB), number of acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) (≥2), pulmonary dysfunction (moderate to severe), and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) after admission were prognostic risk factors (P<0.05). Complications, number of AECOPD, pulmonary dysfunction, and ALB were correlated with nutritional status (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis found that the AUC of NRS2002 score in prognosis prediction was 0.679(95%CI, 0.549-0.810), with a sensitivity of 88.2%, and a specificity of 47.6%, indicating the predictive value of this variable.
Conclusion: Complications (>2), NRS2002 score (nutritional risk), ALB, number of AECOPD (≥2), pulmonary dysfunction (moderate to severe), and VAP after admission are prognostic risk factors. Nutritional status may be closely related to prognostic risk factors and might be used as a predictor for prognosis.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.2.9566
How to cite this: Wu Q, Cui N, Wang B. Clinical analysis of the correlation between nutritional risk screening and prognosis of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(2):608-613. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.2.9566
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Influencing factors of polyspermy during in vitro fertilization with antagonist protocol
Authors: Shi Hongzhi , Song Qi , Liu Jiajia , Li Chen , Liu Rongrong
Published: January 2025

Objective: To explore the influencing factors of polyspermy in long-term fertilization during in vitro fertilization (IVF) with antagonist protocol.
Methods: This was a retrospective case-control study. Patients with secondary infertility undergoing assisted reproductive treatment in the Department of Reproductive Medicine of Maternity & Child Care Center of Qinhuangdao between January 2020 and May 2023 were selected. Five hundred and thirty-six ovulation induction cycles with antagonist protocol were included and divided into the control group (multiple pronuclei(PN) rate= 0%, n=347) and the polyspermy group (multiple PN: 2PN ≥20%, n=189) according to the incidence of polyspermy. The general data and embryonic development of the two groups were statistically analyzed.
Results: There were no statistically significant differences in male age, infertile duration, body mass index (BMI), basal follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level, number of follicles with a diameter of ≥16mm, total dose of gonadotropin (Gn), total Gn stimulation days, and sperm concentration between the two groups (all P>0.05). Similarily no statistically significant differences in female age, levels of estradiol (E2), LH, and progesterone (P) and number of follicles with a diameter of ≥14 mm on human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection day, the total number of eggs retrieved, amount of Gn/egg, and fertilization concentration (sperms/egg) were observed between the two groups (all P<0.05). The results of logistic binary regression analysis showed that the level of LH on hCG injection day was an independent risk factor for the incidence of polyspermy in antagonist protocol.
Conclusion: In the process of ovulation induction in antagonist protocol, the appropriate addition of LH can improve embryo outcomes.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.2.9832
How to cite this: Shi H, Song Q, Liu J, Li C, Liu R. Influencing factors of polyspermy during in vitro fertilization with antagonist protocol. Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(2):575-579. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.2.9832
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Next Generation of Inorganic Composite Materials for Structural Strengthening: Development of Geopolymer Matrix
Authors: Papakonstantinou Christos , Skyrianou Ioanna , Koutas Lampros
Published: January 2025

With the increasing need for strengthening seismically prone structures, the use of composite materials and specifically of textile-reinforced mortars (TRM) has increased. In an effort to develop the mechanical properties as well as reduce the carbon footprint of the materials used, new alternatives have been in the spotlight. The use of geopolymer mortars as a matrix in composite materials is a sustainable alternative to cement-based mortars. The current study experimentally investigates the compressive and flexural strength of metakaolin-based geopolymer mortars with the intent to optimize the mix design. Meanwhile, their properties are compared with commercially available cement-based mortars suitable for use as a matrix in TRMs. The investigated parameters for the mix design are the activator to precursor ratio and the gradation of the sand. Based on the results, the activator to precursor ratio is a significant parameter affecting the strength and workability of the mortars. On the contrary, the sand gradation seemed to affect mostly the workability rather than the strength. In comparison to the cement-based mortars studied, geopolymer mortars exhibited comparable and, in some cases, even higher compressive and flexural strength.
Sustainable management of end-of-life creosote-treated wood poles sawdust into red ceramics for environmental and health protection
Authors: Spiliotis X. , Karastergiou S. , Lalas S. , Athanasiadis V. , Lakioti E. , Papapolymerou G. , Karayannis Vayos
Published: January 2025

In the current original research, sintered red ceramics, incorporated with creosote-impregnated timber (CIT) in the form of sawdust as a useful porous making additive, were manufactured and characterized. Actually, safe management of creosote-treated electricity and telecommunication poles waste and its utilization as a useful secondary raw material into materials of added-value, represents an important priority towards circular economy and equally a great challenge given potential health risks reported in association with reuse of creosote-containing materials. The full life cycle of creosote-treated electricity and telecommunication poles includes: the growth of trees on forested land, harvest of logs, milling to produce poles and lumber; then creosote treatment of poles and their use by the Electricity and Telecommunication Grids; and finally disposal in landfills or valorization as an energy source at the end of their use lives. This paper reports results of evaluation performed to determine the possibility of using end-of-life poles in the form of sawdust as additive (pore making agent) in building ceramic industry. End of Waste (EoW) criteria will be implemented to assess the safe use of this waste by-product as secondary resource, for ensuring environmental and human health protection.
Addressing Age-Related Complexity in Intellectual Disability (AARC-ID): an economic analysis of different support models. Study protocol.
Authors: Gorman Ashleigh , O'Brien Tony , May Peter , Kinchin Irina , McCallion Philip , McCarron Mary , Ryan Caitriona , Connors Helena , Craig Sarah , Daly Louise , Harnett Alison , Sheerin Fintan , Yap Mei Lin , Smith Samantha , O'Donovan Mary-Ann , McMahon Martin
Published: January 2025

People with intellectual disability are living longer. While this is a positive development, it may mean living with age-related morbidities which require specialist care to meet needs. While most people with intellectual disability would prefer to remain living in their current homes, if extra supports are not available, they may experience a need to move into residential type settings such as nursing homes. This is usually related to current funding systems not being responsive to developing age-related needs of people with intellectual disability. For example, if a person had been living independently but they are developing mobility issues, there is often no extra budget for staff to assist them. This can result in the person having to move to a different setting to have their needs met. However, such a move may impact on quality of life, wellbeing and personal dignity. This study will build a picture of the future needs of people who are ageing with intellectual disability, what extra supports they require, and the costs of those supports. This will be completed using two secondary data sources– the Intellectual Disability Supplement to the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (IDS-TILDA) and the National Ability Support System (NASS), as well as collecting primary qualitative data to understand perspectives and experiences. The overall aim of the study is to provide economic evidence on the needs, resources and outcomes associated with supporting people aged ≥40 with intellectual disability to age in place. Data from 15 years of IDS-TILDA, the NASS and Health Service Executive costing calculations are available. Using a variety of analytical methods, levels of support will be defined alongside potential economic and policy scenarios. This research will provide evidence to inform policy such that more people with intellectual disability can continue to age at home rather than enter nursing homes.
Knowledge translation and exercise for degenerative meniscal pathology and early osteoarthritis (KNEE-DEeP): Protocol for a single arm feasibility study
Authors: O'Leary Helen , Toomey Clodagh , Ryan Liam G , Robinson Katie , Glynn Liam , French Helen P , McCreesh Karen
Published: January 2025

Background The Knowledge Translation and Exercise for Degenerative Meniscal Pathology and Early Knee Osteoarthritis (KNEE-DEeP) intervention was designed to promote greater uptake of evidence-based non-surgical treatments for knee pain attributed to degenerative meniscal pathology and early knee osteoarthritis (OA) in primary care, by tackling barriers at a service, clinician and patient level. Evidence indicates that patients frequently do not access first-line treatments, namely exercise and patient education, prior to specialist referral. The KNEE-DEeP intervention supports general practitioners (GPs) and physiotherapists to enhance their skills and confidence in managing patients with this type of knee pain through professional development workshops. In turn, patients will receive an ‘enhanced consultation’ from their GP and be referred to an early ‘best practice’ physiotherapy session. Physiotherapists will work with patients to develop a collaborative action plan focussing on self-management and exercise. Methods This protocol outlines a single arm non-randomised feasibility study with a mixed method process evaluation. The study intends to recruit 15 GPs, five physiotherapists and 36 patients from general practices in the South-West of Ireland. Eligible patients, will be aged between 35 years and 69 years inclusive, and attend their GP with an episode of non-traumatic knee pain attributed to a degenerative meniscal tear (DMT) or early OA. Physiotherapists and GPs will be trained in intervention delivery. Within two weeks of receiving an ’enhanced consultation‘ from their participating GP, patients will attend the one-hour ‘best practice’ physiotherapy session. Patient data will be collected via online questionnaires at baseline, 12 weeks and 6 months. Qualitative interviews to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention will be conducted with a purposive sample of GPs, physiotherapists and their enrolled patients. Ethics and Dissemination Approved by Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Cork Teaching Hospitals. Results will be presented in peer-reviewed journals and at international conferences. Registration clinicaltrials.gov (NCT06576557)
The STROGHAT study protocol: An intervention study to evaluate safety, effectiveness and feasibility of treating gambiense HAT seropositive subjects with acoziborole.
Authors: Nicco Elena , Lejon Veerle , Mwamba Miaka Erick , Mumba Dieudonné , Mpanya Alain , Kambo Charles , Ngolo Digas , Mutombo Wilfried , Hugonnet Stéphane , Rembry Sandra , Tipple Craig , Inocencio Da Luz Raquel , Snijders Rian , Vander Kelen Catiane , Rogé Stijn , Van Reet Nick , Tarral Antoine , Verlé Paul , Hasker Epco
Published: January 2025

Background Coordinated efforts in the control of gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (gHAT) have significantly reduced its endemicity. WHO targets interruption of transmission by 2030. However, challenges remain, including low sensitivity of the current parasitological confirmation tests, leaving a potential human reservoir untreated. Acoziborole, a single-dose oral treatment, effective in both disease stages with a good safety profile, offers the potential of treatment of parasitologically negative gHAT seropositive subjects, which could improve diagnostic sensitivity. The STROGHAT study aims to evaluate whether this approach can lead to elimination of T.b. gambiense from its human reservoir, and to provide further safety data on acoziborole. It also includes a costing analysis and a prospective evaluation of the performance of the screening and diagnostic tests used. Methods STROGHAT is a one-arm epidemiological study, with a nested phase IIIb, one-arm, open label, non-randomized, multicentre clinical trial. It will be implemented over four years in the endemic region of the Equateur North, in the Democratic Republic of Congo. For the first three years, parasitologically negative gHAT seropositive subjects will be treated with acoziborole, while parasitologically confirmed cases will receive standard of care. Individual follow-up needs and accurate prevalence estimate will be based on immunological and molecular tests performed for all gHAT screening test seropositive subjects at a reference laboratory. In the fourth year, standard procedures will resume, and a prevalence survey will assess whether interruption of transmission has been achieved. Discussion The manuscript outlines the study background, objectives and methods while discussing its strengths and challenges. If successful, the STROGHAT study will provide critical evidence on the effectiveness, safety and feasibility of the new strategy, and inform future elimination strategies. Clinical trial registration NCT06356974. Date of registration: April 4, 2024.
A SYSTEM OF INDICATORS FOR ACHIEVING THE GOALS OF TECHNOLOGICAL AND DIGITAL SOVEREIGNTY WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF AN UPDATED TRANSPORT STRATEGY
Authors: Demidov A.
Published: January 2025

The article defines the hierarchy of goals of the updated transport strategy. For the purpose of ensuring a sustainable basis for the development of the transport complex, a number of development directions have been identified. The emphasis is placed on the fact that the development of digital solutions in all areas of transport activity will lead to an increase in the efficiency of the transport complex. A system of indicators for achieving the goals of technological and digital sovereignty of the transport complex is proposed. The selection of strategic planning documents - sources for determining the target indicators of the updated transport strategy has been carried out. It is concluded that the proposed system of indicators as a whole will be able to characterize the technological and digital independence of the transport complex.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE ORGANIZATION OF RAILWAY-SEA TRANSPORTATION
Authors: Mamaev E. , Chebotareva Evgeniya
Published: January 2025

The article discusses the implementation of artificial intelligence technology for organizing and managing mixed rail-sea transportation. The need for digital transformation of transportation management, drivers and barriers in the implementation of innovative transportation management technologies are shown, and the concept of implementing artificial intelligence technologies in multimodal transportation management tasks is presented.
THE MECHANISM OF FORMATION OF THE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS SYSTEM OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT IN THE URBAN AGGLOMERATION
Authors: Akimov A. , Bubnova G.
Published: January 2025

The article considers the tools for launching the process of changing the characteristics of its infrastructure in order to reduce the gap between the indicators of "demanded accessibility" of sections of the route system from various groups of users of public transport and "secured accessibility" from transport organizations.
FORMATION OF A DIGITAL MODEL FOR SERVICING USERS WITH RAILWAY TRANSPORT SERVICES
Authors: Lunina T.
Published: January 2025

The article examines the existing and promising digital technologies for servicing users of railway transport services, which will eventually form a digital customer service model. The economic effect of the implementation of the roadmap for the transition to a digital model of servicing users of railway transport services in 2022-2023 has been calculated, with the allocation of the main measures that ensure the effect in monetary terms.
ORGANIZATION OF THE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS SERVICE SYSTEM IN THE SUPPLY CHAIN
Authors: Smirnova A.
Published: January 2025

The article describes the sequence of performing transport and logistics customer service in the supply chain using the example of a bakery. Through the application of a systematic approach, an analysis of the customer service process was carried out and shortcomings were identified that increase the costs of promoting the material flow through the supply chain.
AVIATION SAFETY AS A TARGET PARAMETER OF AN AIRPORT ENTERPRISE BUSINESS MODELS
Authors: Gubenko A. , Bogdanova N.
Published: January 2025

The article describes the main trends in the introduction of transport innovations in air transport. It is noted that innovative solutions transform business models and affect significant airport performance indicators. The implementation of process management of transport infrastructure is relevant and effective in the activities of large and regional airports. The world dynamics is described aviation safety indicator, accident indicator statistics are presented. It is shown that the use of innovations and digital technologies as part of the business processes of airport enterprises, leading to the transformation of the business model in terms of transport infrastructure, can solve the problem of air transportation safety. The advantages of the digital solution "Aviation 4.0" are described.
THE CHALLENGE OF ASSESSING THE EFFICIENCY OF PORTS: LACK OF DIGITAL DATA
Authors: Samsonova N.
Published: January 2025

The article discusses the issue of limited digital data available for calculating indicators to assess the effectiveness of seaports and compile ratings of Russian ports, particularly in the Far Eastern region. Given the current geopolitical circumstances, the eastern route is the most significant for export-import operations and attracting transit traffic.
INCREASING ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY BASED ON THE FORMATION OF COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES OF THE PORT OF SAIGON NORTH VIETNAM
Authors: Tokareva M. , Zhuravlev E. , Tong Hong Fi
Published: January 2025

This article contains the theoretical foundations of the economic assessment of modern concepts of transportation organization in the formation of sustainable logistics supply chains and reveals the basic theoretical provisions, the essence and significance of the concepts of logistics interaction of transport market participants.
RELEVANCE OF IMPORT SUBSTITUTION OF SOFTWARE IN THE TRANSPORT INDUSTRY
Authors: Harchenko P. , Morozova V.
Published: January 2025

The article describes the importance of carrying out activities aimed at import substitution of foreign software in the transport industry to ensure the technological sovereignty of the country. Arguments are given confirming the relevance of using domestic developments to ensure the operability and digitalization of the transport industry. An analysis is carried out of the used Western products and domestic analogues, which can be switched to in order to ensure technological safety and independence of transport systems.
XSLT-TRANSFORMATION FOR ANALYZING CHANGES IN TAX LEGISLATION AND THEIR IMPACT ON BUSINESS
Authors: Vlasenko A.
Published: January 2025

The article discusses the application of XSLT (Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations) – an advanced data transformation technology – for analyzing tax changes. XSLT is a programming language used to transform XML documents into various formats and is a powerful tool for data manipulation and report generation. The authors discuss the role of XSLT in tax data analysis, emphasizing its ability for flexible filtering, aggregation, and report creation based on XML structures. The article also analyzes the impact of changes in tax legislation on business strategies and demonstrates how XSLT helps businesses adapt to new tax realities and optimize tax obligations. In the context of rapidly changing tax environments, using XSLT for tax data analysis becomes a necessity for modern companies striving for efficiency and competitiveness.
INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO AUTOMATION OF THE IT SERVICES MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (ITSM)
Authors: Elizarov A.
Published: January 2025

This article examines modern innovative approaches to automating an IT service management system (ITSM). Highlights the importance of using the latest technologies and techniques to improve the efficiency of IT services, improve productivity and streamline processes. The article presents examples of innovative approaches DevOps, ITIL, COBIT and prospects for their development. An overview of the key steps in selecting and successfully implementing innovative solutions is given, and forecasts are made for the future development of the field of automation of ITSM.
RELEASE MANAGEMENT PROCESS MODEL IT SERVICES
Authors: Lapin Yu.
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the model of the IT service release management process. Effective release management is a key aspect of the successful functioning of any company's IT infrastructure. The proposed model describes the stages of preparation, testing, and implementation of releases, which helps minimize risks and improve the quality of services provided. The model is based on best practices and international IT service management standards, such as ITIL and COBIT.
ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF CLOUD TECHNOLOGIES ON DATA MANAGEMENT IN THE DIGITALIZATION OF CONSTRUCTION
Authors: Lukashkin A.
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the topic of data management, storage and generation when using cloud services, trends, and new technologies. Using the example of the implementation of construction projects with building information modeling technology, the data-centric approach is studied, the growth drivers and limitations of the development of cloud products on the path of digital sovereignty and the goals of digital transformation are considered.
CLOUD DATABASES
Authors: Prilukova Yu.
Published: January 2025

The article reveals the concept of a cloud database, describes its varieties and features. The description of Russian analogues of cloud databases is given. It is concluded that today a complete transition to the use of cloud technologies in companies is impossible due to the availability of more reliable local storage.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE MATERIAL AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR METAL STRUCTURES OF «JSC NIPIGAS»
Authors: Televinov N.
Published: January 2025

This work is devoted to improving the management system of material and technical support of metal structures of JSC NIPIGAZ. During the research, the current processes of material resource management are analyzed, problematic aspects are identified and solutions for optimizing the management system are proposed. The research is aimed at improving the efficiency of the use of material and technical resources, improving production processes and reducing costs. The results and recommendations of the work can be used to improve the performance of management systems in other companies with similar activities.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE DIGITAL PLATFORM «MULTIMODAL FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION»
Authors: Shipilova A. , Shamanina M.
Published: January 2025

The article considers the issue of creating a multimodal freight transportation platform in accordance with the Strategy of Digital Transformation of Russian Railways, as well as the development of digital services within this platform.
A number of problems have been identified related to the lag in the development
of methodological issues, the lack of control over the application of the developed methodological framework, the insufficiency of methodological and technological studies of the docking processes of interacting business units.
Temperament traits as predictors of depression and anxiety in patients with asthma and COPD
Authors: Zdanowicz Paula , Wujcik Radosław , Pietras Tadeusz
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between individual temperament traits among patients with chronic respiratory diseases and the risk of developing symptoms of anxiety and depression in an adult population.
Material and methods: A total of 150 subjects (72 women and 78 men) were enrolled in the study after obtaining their informed written consent. The age of the women in the study was 50.35 ± 15.84 and the mean age of the men was 52.14 ± 18.39 years. Patients were suffering from asthma and/or COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). The study used a diagnostic survey method utilizing 3 questionnaires. The Formal Behavioural Characteristics Temperament Questionnaire (FCZ-KT), allowed the individual severity of temperament traits to be determined. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to assess the severity of depressive symptoms, while the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaire measured anxiety as a state and trait.
Results: The results indicate that, of the temperament traits studied, briskness and emotional reactivity are significant for the development of depressive symptoms. High levels of emotional reactivity are a risk factor for the development of depression and anxiety, while high crankiness is a protective factor reducing the risk of developing depression and anxiety.
Conclusions: The results presented here show the potential of temperament trait analysis in patients with chronic respiratory diseases in the early diagnosis and prevention of depressive disorders allowing for better control and effectiveness of treatment of chronic somatic conditions.
The effect of work-life balance, work environment, and workplace spiritually on work engagement
Authors: Asmawati Nanda
Published: January 2025

Purpose-Employees are essential to running the operational process and achieving goals. Therefore, it is essential to pay attention to the factors that affect employee performance, especially their engagement at work. This study aims to analyze the influence of work-life balance, work environment, and spirituality in the workplace on work engagement.
Design/Methodology/Approach-This study analyzes work engagement among employees of Amanah Anda Company located in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Data was obtained from 87 employees using a questionnaire. Then, the research data was processed using SPSS software.
Findings-This study found that work-life balance and spirituality in the workplace can have a positive effect on work engagement. Increasing work-life balance and workplace spirituality can increase employee work engagement. The work environment in this study proved not to affect work engagement, so the condition of the work environment does not affect employee work engagement at work.
Research limitations/implications-This research is limited to Amanah Anda Company employees engaged in a self-service business venture in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The results of this study cannot be used to generalize work engagement to all self-service businesses in Yogyakarta.
Originality/value-This research focuses on employees of Amanah Anda Company, located in Yogyakarta, and similar research has never been done before. Other studies determining work engagement use different business models, so this research has never been done before.
Motivational interviewing: a framework for healthcare assistants to improve patient-centred care
Authors: Butler Sarah
Published: January 2025

Healthcare assistants are integral to patient care in the UK healthcare system, and often the first point of contact for patients to access care. This article explores the application of motivational interviewing as a transformative approach for healthcare assistants to foster patient engagement and wellbeing. Motivational interviewing is a patient-centred and goal-oriented communication method that addresses ambivalence and resistance, empowering patients to make informed health decisions. By embracing the principles of the approach, which are capability, opportunity and motivation, healthcare assistants can shift from directive methods to a collaborative partnership model.
Differences in Brain Volume and Thickness between Shammah (Smokeless Tobacco) Users and Non-Users: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Majrashi Naif A. , Alyami Ali S. , Almansour Mohammed Ali , Alyami Mohmmed Hussain , Almansour Mohmmed Hamad , Alhashlan Essa , Shubayr Nasser , Hendi Ali M. , Ageeli Wael A. , Madkhali Yahia , Alwadani Bandar , Refaee Turkey A. , Waiter Gordon D.
Published: January 2025

Aims/Background Previous research has shown that smoking tobacco is associated with changes or differences in brain volume and cortical thickness, resulting in a smaller brain volume and decreased cortical thickness in smokers compared with non-smokers. However, the effects of smokeless tobacco on brain volume and cortical thickness remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether the use of shammah, a nicotine-containing smokeless tobacco popular in Middle Eastern countries, is associated with differences in brain volume and thickness compared with non-users and to assess the influence of shammah quantity and type on these effects.

Methods Male shammah users (aged 20 to 47 years, n = 30) and non-users (n = 39) underwent 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, and cortical brain volumes and thicknesses were measured using FreeSurfer.

Results Significant differences were found in the volume of the right pallidum (p = 0.02), total pallidum (p = 0.02), total ventricle (p = 0.02), middle posterior corpus callosum (p = 0.04), and brainstem (p = 0.02) between shammah users and non-users. Furthermore, yellow shammah users exhibited smaller volumes in the right lateral ventricle (p = 0.02), total lateral ventricle (p = 0.03), and right putamen (p = 0.02) compared with users of other types of shammah. Regarding cortical thickness, significant differences were observed in the right medial orbito-frontal thickness (p = 0.03), left rostral middle frontal thickness (p = 0.03), and right rostral anterior cingulate thickness (p = 0.04).

Conclusion These findings shed light on the potential neurobiological effects of shammah use, particularly the yellow shammah, and highlighting the need for further research to fully understand its implications for brain structure and function.
Risk Assessment Prior to Cardiotoxic Anticancer Therapies in 7 Steps
Authors: Tong Jieli , Senechal Isabelle , Ramalingam Sivatharshini , Lyon Alexander R
Published: January 2025

The burdens of cardiovascular (CV) diseases and cardiotoxic side effects of cancer treatment in oncology patients are increasing in parallel. The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) 2022 Cardio-Oncology guidelines recommend the use of standardized risk stratification tools to determine the risk of cardiotoxicity associated with different anticancer treatment modalities and the severity of their complications. The use of the Heart Failure Association-International Cardio-Oncology Society (HFA-ICOS) is essential for assessing risk prior to starting cancer treatment, and validation of these methods has been performed in patients receiving anthracyclines, human epidermal receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted therapies and breakpoint cluster region-abelson oncogene locus (BCR-ABL) inhibitors. The benefits of performing baseline CV risk assessment and stratification include early recognition of cardiotoxicities, personalisation of cancer treatment and monitoring strategies, and allocation of cardioprotection to those at the highest risk. This review summarizes the key points of risk stratification in these patients. The steps include identifying the target population, assessing nonmodifiable and modifiable CV risk factors, reviewing previous oncologic therapies and CV histories, and performing baseline investigations. In summary, this review aims to provide general physicians with a simple 7-step guide that will help steer and navigate them through cardiac risk evaluation of potentially cardiotoxic oncologic treatment strategies.
World's First Eco-Friendly Compressed Gas Siphon for Whipping Cream
Authors: Ford Jason
Published: January 2025

Cambridge start-up's compressed gas siphon adds sustainability to high street coffee
Claude Shannon: Father of The Information Age
Authors: Smith Nick
Published: January 2025

American mathematician, electrical engineer and computer scientist, Claude Shannon laid the foundations for the Information Age and was an early pioneer of artificial intelligence.
Farmyard Fancies
Authors: Ford Jason
Published: January 2025

The Royal Show's centenary saw familiar names displaying their wares
Shadow Hand Withstands The Rigours AI Research
Authors: Ford Jason
Published: January 2025

Three-fingered dexterous hand takes blows to prove its mettle
Aftrak Off-Grid Energy Project Wins Milken Motsepe Prize
Authors: Ford Jason
Published: January 2025

Green energy innovation is providing electricity and farming tool
Ventral hippocampus to nucleus accumbens shell circuit regulates approach decisions during motivational conflict
Authors: Patterson Dylan , Khan Nisma , Collins Emily A. , Stewart Norman R. , Sassaninejad Kian , Yeates Dylan , Lee Andy C. H. , Ito Rutsuko
Published: January 2025

Successful resolution of approach-avoidance conflict (AAC) is fundamentally important for survival, and its dysregulation is a hallmark of many neuropsychiatric disorders, and yet the underlying neural circuit mechanisms are not well elucidated. Converging human and animal research has implicated the anterior/ventral hippocampus (vHPC) as a key node in arbitrating AAC in a region-specific manner. In this study, we sought to target the vHPC CA1 projection pathway to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) to delineate its contribution to AAC decision-making, particularly in the arbitration of learned reward and punishment signals, as well as innate signals. To this end, we used pathway-specific chemogenetics in male and female Long Evans rats to inhibit the NAc shell projecting vHPC CA1 neurons while rats underwent a test in which cues of positive and negative valence were presented concurrently to elicit AAC. Additional behavioral assays of social preference and memory, reward and punishment cue processing, anxiety, and novelty processing were administered to further interrogate the conditions under which the vCA1-NAc shell pathway is recruited. Chemogenetic inhibition of the vCA1-NAc shell circuit resulted in animals exhibiting increased decision-making time and avoidance bias specifically in the face of motivational conflict, as the same behavioral phenotype was absent in separate conditioned cue preference and avoidance tests. vCA1-NAc shell inhibition also led to a reduction in seeking social interaction with a novel rat but did not alter anxiety-like behaviors. The vCA1-NAc shell circuit is therefore critically engaged in biasing decisions to approach in the face of social novelty and approach-avoidance conflict. Dysregulation of this circuit could lead to the precipitation of addictive behaviors in substance abuse, or maladaptive avoidance in situations of approach-avoidance conflict.
Exploiting the similarity of dissimilarities for biomedical applications and enhanced machine learning
Authors: Kabir Mohammad Neamul , Wang Li Rong , Goh Wilson Wen Bin
Published: January 2025

The “similarity of dissimilarities” is an emerging paradigm in biomedical science with significant implications for protein function prediction, machine learning (ML), and personalized medicine. In protein function prediction, recognizing dissimilarities alongside similarities provides a more detailed understanding of evolutionary processes, allowing for a deeper exploration of regions that influence biological functionality. For ML models, incorporating dissimilarity measures helps avoid misleading results caused by highly correlated or similar data, addressing confounding issues like the Doppelgänger Effect. This leads to more accurate insights and a stronger understanding of complex biological systems. In the realm of personalized AI and precision medicine, the importance of dissimilarities is paramount. Personalized AI builds local models for each sample by identifying a network of neighboring samples. However, if the neighboring samples are too similar, it becomes difficult to identify factors critical to disease onset for the individual, limiting the effectiveness of personalized interventions or treatments. This paper discusses the “similarity of dissimilarities” concept, using protein function prediction, ML, and personalized AI as key examples. Integrating this approach into an analysis allows for the design of better, more meaningful experiments and the development of smarter validation methods, ensuring that the models learn in a meaningful way.