bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teacher Key Competencies for Inclusive Education: Tapping Pragmatic Realities of Zimbabwean Special Needs Education Teachers
Authors: Majoko Tawanda
Published: January 2019

This study examined the teaching competencies perceived by special needs education teachers to be essential for inclusive education. Entrenched in inclusive pedagogy, this descriptive study draws on a sample of 24 special needs education primary school teachers purposively drawn from Midlands educational province of Zimbabwe. Throughout the analysis of data, a constant comparative approach of the organization of data with continual adjustment was used. The study found that participants perceived screening and assessment, differentiation of instruction, classroom and behavior management, and collaboration to be key competencies required of teachers for inclusive education. Pre-service and in-service training of teachers in these key competencies could facilitate successful and effective implementation of inclusive education through equipping them to respond to child diversity. This study could serve as a baseline for future research on key competencies of teachers for inclusive education.
HIV Care in Asian and Pacific Islanders in Kansas
Authors: Pichetsurnthorn Pie , Pankow Stephanie , Sweet Donna , Kallail Ken James
Published: January 2019

A complex cultural dynamic within the Asian and Pacific Islander (APIs) population contributes to barriers in HIV care. This qualitative narrative study investigated how awareness, resource accessibility, and cultural taboo impact HIV care in APIs in Kansas. Eleven HIV-infected API patients were interviewed. Two evaluators independently completed a qualitative themes analysis. Important themes impacting HIV care included lack of awareness, sex as a taboo topic, and misconceptions about HIV infection. These factors create a closed community regarding HIV prevention and care. Clinicians must be aware of these barriers and provide specific culturally sensitive information and care to this population.
Disability, Race, and the Geography of School Choice: Toward an Intersectional Analytical Framework
Authors: Waitoller Federico R. , Lubienski Christopher
Published: January 2019

School choice research has provided some initial understandings of how parents choose schools. Parents’ school options are bounded to differentiated choice sets—the menu of school options that parents construct when making school selections. The geographical location where families live and schools are located and families’ race and class differences appear to play a role shaping the constriction of choice sets. In this article, we describe a theoretical framework to address two limitations of research on school choice sets: limited attention to students with disabilities and dichotomization of space and place. We advance a framework that fuses critical notions of space with critical notions of disability and race. This framework allows theorizing on how the construction of school choice sets is shaped by structural and individual factors related to the interactions of students’ race and disability and geographical location.
Endoplasmic Reticulum–Mitochondria Contacts Are Required for Pexophagy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Liu Xu , Wen Xin , Klionsky Daniel J.
Published: January 2019

Peroxisomes play important roles in lipid metabolism. Surplus or damaged peroxisomes can be selectively targeted for autophagic degradation, a process termed pexophagy. Maintaining a proper level of pexophagy is critical for cellular homeostasis. Here, we found that endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–mitochondria contact sites are necessary for efficient pexophagy. During pexophagy, the peroxisomes destined for degradation are adjacent to the ER–mitochondria encounter structure (ERMES) that mediates the formation of ER–mitochondria contacts; disruption of the ERMES results in a severe defect in pexophagy. We show that a mutant form of Mdm34, a component of the ERMES, which impairs ERMES formation and diminishes its association with the peroxisomal membrane protein Pex11, also causes defects in pexophagy. The dynamin-related GTPase Vps1, which is specific for peroxisomal fission, is recruited to the peroxisomes at ER–mitochondria contacts by the selective autophagy scaffold Atg11 and the pexophagy receptor Atg36, facilitating peroxisome degradation.
Dexamethasone implant for immunogammopathy maculopathy associated with IgA multiple myeloma
Authors: Georgakopoulos Constantine D. , Plotas Panagiotis , Angelakis Angelos , Kagkelaris Konstantinos , Tzouvara Evangelia , Makri Olga E.
Published: January 2019

Background:

We describe a case where hyperviscosity retinopathy and immunogammopathy maculopathy were the presenting features of IgA multiple myeloma and report the response of maculopathy to intravitreal injection of dexamethasone implants.

Case presentation:

A 56-year-old man presented at the Department of Ophthalmology with the chief complain of reduced vision for the past 10 days in both eyes. Ophthalmic examination revealed central retinal vein occlusion resembling signs with severe macular edema in both eyes with prominent serous macular detachment. After comprehensive evaluation, an IgA type kappa multiple myeloma was diagnosed complicated with hyperviscosity-associated retinopathy and immunogammopathy maculopathy. Patient was treated with multiple sessions of plasmapheresis, systemic chemotherapy, and finally intravitreal implants of dexamethasone with complete restoration of macular edema and serous macular detachment in both eyes. The visual function and the hyperviscosity-associated retinopathy were partially restored.

Conclusion:

Ocular manifestation might be the only presenting sign of a life-threatening disease such as IgA multiple myeloma. A high level of suspicion is required to diagnose and treat such cases promptly and effectively.
Concealed faults and intrusions identification based on multiscale edge detection and 3D inversion of gravity and magnetic data: A case study in Qiongheba area, Xinjiang, Northwest China
Authors: Yan Jiayong , Chen Xiangbin , Meng Guixiang , Lü Qingtian , Deng Zhen , Qi Guang , Tang Hejun
Published: January 2019

Qiongheba is a polymetallic ore concentration area located in the east margin of the Junggar Basin in Xinjiang, Northwest China. Because all three main types of metal deposits (porphyry-type copper, skarn-type iron-copper, and structural altered rock-type gold deposits) in this area are controlled strictly by fault structures and intrusions buried under the Quaternary sediments, the detection of concealed faults and intrusions is of great significance for mineral prospecting. We aim to make clear the faults and intrusions based on the high-precision gravity and magnetic data set. First, multiscale edge detection of gravity and magnetic data is used to distinguish and divide the faults system. Second, 3D recognition of concealed intrusions combining with 3D inversion and multiscale edge detection of gravity and magnetic is carried out to construct the 3D formation of concealed intrusions. Last, seven prospecting targets are proposed based on our research and existed regional geologic and geochemical information, and two of them have been confirmed to be rich in polymetal (Cu-Fe-Mo-Au in the Layikeleke deposit and Cu in the Baxi deposit) by drilling. Our research results not only proved the effectiveness of the combination method of 3D inversion and multiscale edge detection of gravity and magnetic data in the prospecting of concealed faults and intrusions, but they also provide abundant information for mineral exploration prediction in the Qiongheba area.
Prepubertal neutering of dogs — some risks and benefits
Authors: Yates David , Leedham Rosa
Published: January 2019

Neutering is a common elective procedure frequently undertaken by veterinary surgeons in general practice in the UK. This procedure offers certain obvious, well-described benefits such as preventing certain diseases (e.g. pyometra or testicular neoplasia) and avoiding unwanted pregnancies. However, the effect of neutering on the risk of diseases later in life poses particular concerns for practitioners. Existing literature regarding the risks and benefits of neutering and the timing of this procedure is vast, and widely conflicting. This article summarises the main risks and benefits of neutering dogs; the effect the timing of neutering may have upon this; and some of the special measures that should be in place or taken into account when neutering prepubertal patients.
Application of a static magnetic field as a complementary aid to healing in an in vitro wound model
Authors: Ebrahimdamavandi Sajedeh , Mobasheri Hamid
Published: January 2019

Objective:

Static magnetic field (SMF) has long been used as a therapeutic means, though its effects on the activity of cells and the mechanism(s) involved remain unknown. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of a moderate-intensity SMF on the activity, growth and migration of mouse embryonic fibroblast (NIH 3T3), aiming to mimic wound healing and to study it in real time.

Method:

A cell-free area (a scratch with a 200–500µm width) was formed in NIH 3T3 cultured cells and used as a wound model. The effects of a SMF (10, 50, 80 and 100mT) on the survival rate (MTT assay), integrity of cell membranes (lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay), the morphology of the cell (circularity, number and length of filopodia), cell orientation, and migration (speed, direction, rate) were studied as a function of the incubation time in a time-lapse manner.

Results:

The exposure of cells to SMF at all intensities had no cytotoxic effect, as revealed by the MTT assay. The integrity of the membranes of the SMF-treated cells studied by the LDH assay test showed no effects. The structure of the membrane at the leading edge of the cells changed and showed several filopodia extended parallel to the field direction. The exposure to the SMF elongated the cells and decreased their circularity at SMF 10mT. The migration of the cells from one edge of the gap towards the other was affected by the applied SMF. The maximum and minimum effects were monitored at 80mT and 10mT, respectively. Analysis of cell migration revealed an average directness of 0.73, 0.66, 0.78, 0.78 and 0.69 under SMF 10, 50, 80, 100mT and control, respectively.

Conclusion:

The morphological and functional changes of the cells in the presence of SMF revealed particular effects on the membrane and cytoskeleton. Cells were affected by physicochemical changes caused by the applied SMF, though the extent of the incurred effects was not a linear function of the field intensity. This low cost, non-invasive approach can be used as a magneto-manipulative means to tailor a practical, independent or complementary means of manipulating the activities of cells and tissues for clinical purposes.
Iterative codesign and testing of a novel dressing glove for epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: Graham Tanya , Sooriah Sangeeta , Giampieri Silvia , Box Rachel , Grocott Patricia
Published: January 2019

Objective:

Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a rare genetic skin disorder which requires intensive hand therapy to delay fusion of the digits. Existing dressings do not conform to the complex structure of the hand and are applied in patches held with additional bandages, leading to an occlusive environment. The aim was to co-design with patients a dressing glove based on their user experiences and needs.

Method:

Qualitative interviews and focus groups with children and adults with RDEB, and their carers, were conducted. Iterative feedback of design cues, bench and surrogate testing of materials and prototype refinement were achieved through collaborative codesign with patients, carers, clinicians and manufacturers.

Results:

Thematic analysis generated eight user needs and corresponding design cues, addressing issues of absorbency, adherence, comfort, adaptability, ease of application and removal, breathability, protection, and hand hygiene. A prototype was selected for proof of concept testing.

Conclusion:

This novel dressing glove design met the patient's requirements for a dressing, which conformed to the hand structure and sat in the web spaces to keep fingers separated. Proof of concept testing has since been undertaken with patients to determine performance, value for money and whether further developments are required.
Distraction Osteogenesis for Micrognathia in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital : A Case Series
Authors: Boaz Grace , Kreshanti Prasetyanugraheni , Handayani Siti , Bangun Kristaninta
Published: January 2019

Background: Micrognathia is usually associated with genetic syndromes, characterized by mandibular hypoplasia causing a receding chin. The overall incidence of micrognathia was 1 per 1600 births, makes it a rare case. Severe micrognathia can be a neonatal emergency due to airway obstruction by the tongue in the small oral cavity. One method for correcting micrognathia is distraction osteogenesis. Lack of experience due to rare incidence of case, expensive cost of distraction device and technical complexity of the operation can be obstacles to this management.
Patient and Method: We report two cases of micrognathia corrected with distraction osteogenesis conducted in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from 2011-2012. The method consists of implantation of bilateral distraction device to the inferior border of the mandibular body. The patients then followed postoperatively.
Result: Mandibular lengthening by gradual distraction is a proper method for young patients with micrognathia. Despite our minimal experience and intricate kind of method, we are trying to improve our skill in the future.
Summary: Distraction osteogenesis is one method for correcting congenital mandibular hypoplasia.
Relato de Experiência: Intervenção Multiprofissional sobre Seletividade Alimentar no Transtorno do Espectro Autista
Authors: Magagnin Tayná , Zavadil Stephane Catharine , Zaneripe de Souza Nunes Rafael , Fernandes Neves Letícia Evelyn , Da Silva Rabelo Jucieli
Published: January 2019

Este estudo busca falar da importância da abordagem multiprofissional na seletividade alimentar em crianças que apresentam TEA. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo relatando a experiência de Residentes Multiprofissionais. Esta ação foi realizada numa Instituição de Autistas. A amostra é composta por 15 crianças com idades entre 6 a 12 anos. Elaboraram-se práticas interativas que se constituíram em uma abordagem multiprofissional. As práticas foram intervenções musicais, que foram porta de entrada para outras ações e auxiliadoras na construção de vínculo. As músicas tinham conteúdos relacionados à variedade alimentar, e por meio de dinâmicas visuais, olfativas, táteis e motoras, os alimentos eram apresentados às crianças. Finalmente, as atividades foram direcionadas a apresentação dos alimentos a partir de práticas pedagógicas e da degustação. Recomenda-se que as atividades propostas no estudo sejam utilizadas no meio familiar, escolar e pela equipe de saúde, fazendo parte da rotina dessas crianças.
Perfil Sócio-Econômico dos Consumidores de Medicamentos para Disfunção Erétil
Authors: Teixeira Júnior Décio Santos , Pimentel Stênio Fernando Duarte , Rodrigues Rafael Luiz Araújo
Published: January 2019

A disfunção erétil (DE) tem como patologia predominantemente vascular originada por diversos fatores. Existem alguns medicamentos para essa patologia, contudo, grandes partes dos consumidores desses farmácos os utilizam sem terem a real necessidade simplismente para fim recreativo. Este trabalho objetivou traçar o perfil dos usuários desses medicamentos e verificar a ocorrência de uso recreativo dos mesmos. Pesquisa de carater transversal realizada atraves de aplicação de questionário a 410 homens em uma farmacia privada em um municipio do sudoeste Baiano. Dos entrevistados 52,2% eram solteiros, 39,3% tinham nível superior completo, 59,9% afirmaram que fariam ou já fizeram uso reacreativo desse medicamento e 21,2% fizeram uso mensal. Neste estudo observou-se que a maioria dos usuários de medicamentos para disfunção erétil não sofriam dessa patologia, utilizando-o com o intuito recreativo. A orientação do profissional farmacêutico é de suma importância na prevenção desta automedicação indevida, alertando sobre seus possíveis efeitos adversos que não são informados pela publicidade.
Orçamento Público como Mecanismo de Planejamento para a Gestão
Authors: Almeida Hellen Martins de , Costa Antonia Vadelucia
Published: January 2019

O orçamento é composto por um sistema de planejamento integrado que contém leis orçamentárias de caráter preventivo e autorizativo, contendo a previsão de receitas e fixação de despesas. Para tanto, o presente estudo teve como finalidade demonstrar a importância do Orçamento Público como ferramenta de planejamento visando a execução do mesmo, trazendo bons resultados à Administração Pública. Para atingir a essa finalidade, apresenta-se uma breve evolução histórica do orçamento durante os anos, os principais conceitos, características, tipificações, princípios e leis a ele incorporados tendo como resultado a necessidade de uma melhor programação e aplicação dos recursos públicos. Também foi abordada a importância de promover o equilíbrio nas receitas e despesas, colocando em destaque o planejamento, o controle e a clareza nas atividades do Setor Público, visto que esses serviços são executados buscando satisfazer as prioridades e as demandas da coletividade.  A Metodologia utilizada para o desenvolvimento do estudo é de caráter bibliográfico, uma vez que utilizou-se de obras já publicadas sobre o assunto.
Ocorrência de Staphylococcus aureus em Queijos Minas Padrão Comercializados no Munícipio de Vitória da Conquista - Bahia
Authors: Lima Igor Moreira , Fogaça Larissa Costa Silva
Published: January 2019

Entre os queijos que são fabricados no Brasil encontra-se o queijo tipo minas, com destaque para a variedade minas padrão produzido através do leite pasteurizado, em indústrias de laticínios, com serviço de inspeção, atendendo aos requisitos de qualidade e identidade, entretanto a má conservação durante a comercialização pode acarretar em um produto de qualidade microbiológica insatisfatória. Diante do exposto, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho verificar a presença de Sthaphylococcus aureus em queijos minas padrão comercializados na Central de Abastecimento de Vitória da Conquista – Bahia. O presente estudo foi realizado com amostras de queijos minas padrão produzido de diferentes comerciantes alocados na Central de Abastecimento (CEASA). A ocorrência das bactérias gram-positivas Sthaphylococcus aureus nas amostras de queijos foi detectada com base no método horizontal para enumeração de estafilococos coagulase positiva, usando a técnica de número mais provável (NMP). Os queijos avaliados apresentaram-se dentro dos padrões exigidos pela RDC 12/2001, sem ocorrência de bactérias do tipo estafilococos aureus, indicando que matéria prima utilizada apresenta boa qualidade higiênica e que o processamento desses atende às boas práticas de fabricação e conservação, impedindo dessa forma a contaminação do produto final, garantindo a segurança dos queijos comercializados na Central de Abastecimento.
As paisagens de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais: decodificação no espaço e no tempo
Authors: Silva Rossi Allan , Pereira José Aldo Alves , Alves Schirley Fátima Nogueira da Silva Cavalcante
Published: January 2019

Landscapes are formed by physical elements of material order and abstract elements of immaterial order, so their management and planning should consider these two aspects. Aiming to understand the landscapes of Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais State, the appropriation by the actors who work in the landscape was identified and classified, and also its dynamics from 1973 to 2015. The research analyzed the current landscape and its historical evolution, distinguishing material and immaterial dimensions, from field trips, soil types, relief, slope, drainage, conservation units, administrative zoning, urban areas, natural resources, transport and building infrastructure, satellite images, and semi-structured interviews. As a result, a map with the landscape units and their subunits, which have distinct characteristics, with their proper settings was obtained. The landscape has continuous boundaries with various operating scales, posing a major challenge for its proper management. The number of generated ecosystem services are difficult to measure, but its benefits are used by everyone. The dynamics of the landscape has been shaped by a slow evolution, set by mining activities, including revegetation areas after clear cuts and currently the inclusion of tourism in certain regions.
European promises: policy options of Eastern partnership policy
Authors: Martinaitis Žilvinas
Published: January 2019

The article seeks to assess policy options of the Eastern Partnership Policy in stimulating long-term change in the partner countries. It argues that the policy has limited power to directly promote consolidation of democratic and market economy institutions or implementation of sectoral reforms. This is due to the embeddedness and mutual reinforcement of existing institutions in the partner countries. Instead, the Eastern Partnership Policy can create new dynamics of change by altering the outcomes of day-to-day interactions of a large number of individuals and organisations. In this regard, removal of barriers to travel, trade and participation in the EU programmes is an overdue (albeit too small) step in the right direction.
Measurements in the Early Stage Software Start-ups: A Multiple Case Study in a Nascent Ecosystem
Authors: Kamulegeya Grace , Mugwanya Raymond , Hebig Regina
Published: January 2019

Context: Software measurement is crucial to stay competitive and deliver quality software products.

Problem: While much research has been done on measurement in large companies in developed countries, there is limited research on measurement in start-ups. So far there are no studies on whether these results apply to nascent ecosystems, such as those in East Africa.

Goal: The aim of this study is to understand the use and perceived benefits of measurement in software start-ups in East Africa.

Method: We performed a multi-case study on 19 software start-ups in hubs in Uganda and Kenya, through conducting semi-structured interviews. We transcribed and analyzed them using the content analysis technique.

Results: We identified that start-ups are using a number of business and product-oriented metrics. Furthermore, we found no evidence on the use of design-oriented metrics. Nonetheless, start-ups have considerable expectations on the benefits of measuring. Finally, metrics found in this study partially differ from metrics used in start-ups in developed countries.

Conclusion: There is a need to create a more inclusive characterization for measurement as early start-ups in East Africa cannot yet be represented with known models.
Polyaniline enfolded hybrid carbon array substrate electrode for high performance supercapacitors
Authors: Bhardwaj Preetam , Kaushik Shivani , Gairola Preeti , Gairola S.P.
Published: January 2019

Composites with thin layers of polyaniline (PANI) draped on the surface of a hybrid carbon (HC) array or assemblage were prepared by the oxidative polymerization route. The carbon array substrate is a consistent network architecture of carbon nanotubes and graphene, with the benefit of elevated conductivity and surface area of the carbon components. The exceptional improved electrochemical performances of PANI enfolded HC array electrodes are due to the synergistic effect of the pseudocapacitance of PANI and the electric double layer capacitance of the carbon array. The supercapacitive characteristics of composite materials were inspected by using cyclic voltammetry, the galvanostatic charge-discharge test and electrochemical impedance analysis. The 025PANI-HC composite sample revealed a maximum specific capacitance of 1397.82 F g−1 at a scan rate of 5 mV s−1 and 1430 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 from galvanostatic charge-discharge data, respectively, in 1 m H2SO4. The composites exhibited a much larger specific capacitance value than pristine PANI. Also, the 025PANI-HC electrode had an unwavering operation and its specific capacitance retention was 89%, even after 5000 charge-discharge cycles at 1 A g−1.
Sorption behavior of Co-radionuclides from radioactive waste solution on graphene enhanced by immobilized sugarcane and carboxy methyl cellulose
Authors: Sharaf El-Deen Sahar E. A. , Sharaf El-Deen Gehan E. , Jamil Tarek S.
Published: January 2019

Novel graphene-sugarcane bagasse-carboxy methyl cellulose (GSCCMC) nanocomposite have been synthesized via freeze-drying technique after preparation of graphene from natural graphite by modified Hummer method and evaluated as adsorbent for sorption of 60Co(II)-radionuclides from radioactive waste solution and real wastewater samples using a series of batch adsorption experiments and compared with graphene. The synthesized (GSCCMC) nanocomposite was characterized using Fourier transformer infrared (FT-IR), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), Thermal analysis, Elemental analysis, Specific Surface area (SBET) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), which confirmed the successful formation of graphene-sugarcane bagasse-carboxy methyl cellulose (GSCCMC) nanocomposite. Different parameters affecting the removal process including pH, contact time and metal ion concentration were investigated. Isotherm and kinetic models were studied. Adsorption kinetics described well by pseudo-second-order. The Langmuir model provides a better fitting than the Freundlich and Temkin models and the maximum adsorption capacity from Langmuir model were found to be 0.4186 and 0.2424 mol/g for (GSCCMC) nanocomposite and graphene (G), respectively. From Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) isotherm model, the sorption energy (E)-values of graphene (G) and (GSCCMC) are 10.16 and 10.564 kJ/mol, respectively and this mean the adsorption of 60Co(II)-radionuclides can be explained by chemisorption process, which is characteristic of ion exchange. Desorption of 60Co(II)-radionuclides from loaded (GSCCMC) nanocomposite was studied using different eluents (0.1 M HCl, 0.1 M NaOH and H2O). The data illustrated that 0.1 M HCl solution showed maximum desorption percent (D%) than other eluents. The economic viability of the adsorption process for the removal of 60Co(II) from wastewater samples was studied. The result indicated that the cost for preparation of (GSCCMC) nanocomposite is lower than for (GSCCMC) nanocomposite that prepared from purchase the graphene powder. Therefore, the synthesized (GSCCMC) nanocomposite was used as regenerated material for sorption of 60Co(II)-radionuclides from aqueous solutions and can be used for many times as a cost-effective and environmental friendly material in wastewater treatment.
Evaluation of Concrete Filled Steel Tube Column Confined with FRP
Authors: Pachideh Ghasem , Gholhaki Majid
Published: January 2019

The main objective of this study was to assess the concrete-filled steel tube column confined with fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) experimentally and numerically, where it can be used as a composite concrete column with high resistance and ductility. One of the weaknesses of reinforced concrete structures is the corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete. This weakness can be resolved using FRP I-shaped composite structural sections instead of reinforcing steel bars in concrete. The composite profile was surrounded by the cylindrical concrete column and glass FRP (GFRP). A GFRP cylinder as a template acts in its place. In addition, it can provide a passive confinement for the composite column. Therefore, three columns have been tested in the experimental program under monotonic axial compressive loading. Furthermore, they have been numerically analyzed by means of a finite element method, employing ANSYS software (Ansys, Inc., Canonsburg, Pennsylvania). The ultimate capacity of each tested composite column has been compared to the theoretical capacity of the proposed numerical model. The results demonstrated that there was good compatibility and agreement between the experimental specimens and numerical analysis.
Fire Water Monitor Trajectories Based on Turbulence Breakup Model
Authors: Zhang Minghui , Liu Xintian , Wang Xiaolan , Wang Yansong , Liang Wei
Published: January 2019

Fire remains one of the most pervasive threats to public safety and social development in real life. Fire water monitors have been used as tools for ending the fire all the time. The impact point accuracy of the water jet and the accurate prediction of the water jet trajectory have a significant effect on the efficiency of fire extinction. The quadratic drag model is selected on the basis of the analysis of the mechanical model of fluidic control volume considering the change of the cross-sectional area caused by the velocity and breakup of the water jet. The change of diameter and area of the droplet are also discussed, based on the theory of liquid jet breakup, to build a dynamic breakup model of air resistance and broken jet. The water jet simulations are performed on two different scales by researching several main performance parameters, such as discharge angle and initial velocity, which can affect the jet trajectory of fire water monitor. The influences of various parameters on the jet trajectory are summarized through the simulations of two kinds of water jet experimental data, and an accurate prediction of the jet trajectory of fire water monitor is realized.
Evaluation of Superpave Moisture Susceptibility Considering Uncertainty
Authors: Easa Said M.
Published: January 2019

The existing Superpave method of evaluating moisture susceptibility is deterministic, relying only on the mean values. This technical note presents a new method for evaluating moisture susceptibility considering uncertainty. The method considers the uncertainties of the four measured properties (thickness and maximum load) of conditioned and unconditioned specimens in formulating the uncertainty of the tensile strength ratio (TSR). The probability distribution of TSR is established based on a normality assumption that is verified using Monte Carlo simulation. A simple formula is developed for checking whether the TSR criterion is satisfied, given a specified confidence level. Another formula that incorporates the uncertainty of the TSR criterion is also presented. The proposed method directly considers the uncertainties of the actual test variables and as such takes the current indirect National Cooperative Highway Research Program method of interlaboratory precision estimates one step further.
Pyk2 Signaling through Graf1 and RhoA GTPase Is Required for Amyloid-β Oligomer-Triggered Synapse Loss
Authors: Lee Suho , Salazar Santiago V. , Cox Timothy O. , Strittmatter Stephen M.
Published: January 2019

The intracellular tyrosine kinase Pyk2 (PTK2B) is related to focal adhesion kinase and localizes to postsynaptic sites in brain. Pyk2 genetic variation contributes to late onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. We recently observed that Pyk2 is required for synapse loss and for learning deficits in a transgenic mouse model of AD. Here, we explore the cellular and biochemical basis for the action of Pyk2 tyrosine kinase in amyloid-β oligomer (Aβo)-induced dendritic spine loss. Overexpression of Pyk2 reduces dendritic spine density of hippocampal neurons by a kinase-dependent mechanism. Biochemical isolation of Pyk2-interacting proteins from brain identifies Graf1c, a RhoA GTPase-activating protein inhibited by Pyk2. Aβo-induced reductions in dendritic spine motility and chronic spine loss require both Pyk2 kinase and RhoA activation. Thus, Pyk2 functions at postsynaptic sites to modulate F-actin control by RhoA and regulate synapse maintenance of relevance to AD risk.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTGenetic variation at the Pyk2 locus is a risk for Alzheimer's disease. We have observed that Pyk2 is required for AD transgenic synapse loss and memory dysfunction. However, the cellular and biochemical basis for Pyk2 function related to AD is not defined. Here, we show that brain Pyk2 interacts with the RhoGAP protein Graf1 to alter dendritic spine stability via RhoA GTPase. Amyloid-β oligomer-induced dendritic spine loss requires the Pyk2/Graf1 pathway.
Nrf2 represses the onset of type 1 diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice
Authors: Yagishita Yoko , Uruno Akira , Chartoumpekis Dionysios V , Kensler Thomas W , Yamamoto Masayuki
Published: January 2019

The transcription factor Nrf2 (NF-E2-related factor 2) plays a critical role in oxidative stress responses. Although activation of Nrf2 signaling is known to exert anti-inflammatory effects, the function of Nrf2 in inflammation-mediated autoimmune disorders, such as type 1 diabetes, is not well established. To address the roles of Nrf2 in protection against autoreactive T-cell-induced type 1 diabetes, we used non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, which are a polygenic model of human type 1 diabetes, to generate a genetic model for assessment of the contribution of Nrf2 activation to prevention and/or treatment of type 1 diabetes. Because Keap1 (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1) negatively regulates Nrf2, we usedKeap1gene knockdown driven by either hypomorphic or knockoutKeap1alleles, which enhanced Nrf2 signaling to moderate or excess levels, respectively. Nrf2 activation in the NOD::Keap1FA/–mice inhibited T-cell infiltration within or near the islets, ameliorated impairment of insulin secretion and prevented the development of diabetes mellitus. Notably, Nrf2 activation decreased both the plasma interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels and the IFN-γ-positive cell numbers in the pancreatic islets. The amelioration of diabetes was also observed in the NOD mice with two hypomorphic Keap1 alleles (Keap1FA/FA) by intermediate activation of Nrf2. Both NOD::Keap1FA/–and NOD::Keap1FA/FAmice had a decreased incidence of diabetes mellitus, demonstrating that activation of Nrf2 signaling prevented the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus in NOD mice. Thus, Nrf2 appears to be a potential target for the prevention and treatment of type 1 diabetes.
“Community First” for Whom? Reflections on the Possibilities and Challenges of Community-Campus Engagement from the Community Food Sovereignty Hub
Authors: Kepkiewicz Lauren , Levkoe Charles Z. , Brynne Abra
Published: January 2019

While community-campus engagement (CCE) has gained prominence in postsecondary institutions, critics have called for a more direct focus on community goals and objectives. In this paper, we explore the possibilities and limitations of community-centred research through our collective experiences with the Community First: Impacts of Community Engagement (CFICE) and the Community Food Sovereignty (CFS) Hub. Drawing on a four-year research project with twelve community-campus partnership projects across Canada, we outline three key areas for reflection. First, we examine the meanings of community-centred research—called “community first”—in our work. Second, we explore key tensions that resulted from putting “community first” research into practice. Third, we discuss possibilities that emerged from attempts to engage in “community first” CCE. We suggest that while putting “community first” presents an opportunity to challenge hierarchical relationships between academia, western ways of knowing, and community, it does not do so inherently. Rather, the CCE process is complex and contested, and in practice it often fails to meaningfully dismantle hierarchies and structures that limit grassroots community leadership and impact. Overall, we argue for the need to both champion and problematize “community first” approaches to CCE and through these critical, and sometimes difficult conversations, we aim to promote more respectful and reciprocal CCE that works towards putting “community first.”
Breaking Barriers: Using Open Data to Strengthen Pathways in Community-Campus Engagement for Community Action on Environmental Sustainability
Authors: McCarroll Leigha , O’Connor Eileen , Garlough Jason
Published: January 2019

The goal of this field report is to share learnings on productive dialogue between, and among, communities and campuses. Specifically, we will reflect on practical applications of co-creating a brokering tool to strengthen connections between local environmental non-profit organizations and the six postsecondary institutions in the National Capital Region (Ottawa/Gatineau). The report outlines a process of standardizing and visually depicting data on university and college engagement opportunities, created with an aim of making it easier for potential community partners, students, faculty, and even the general public to search, filter, and discover new programs, researchers, and services that match their interests.
O trabalho docente nos cursos técnicos integrados na modalidade de Educação de Jovens e Adultos do Instituto Federal de Goiás
Authors: Castro Mad Ana Desirée Ribeiro
Published: January 2019

Este artigo aborda o trabalho docente nos cursos técnicos integrados na modalidade de Educação de Jovens e Adultos. Tem como objetivo analisar dados levantados, por meio de questionário, sobre quem são e como desenvolvem a prática pedagógica os docentes dos cursos técnicos integrados na modalidade de Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) do Instituto Federal de Goiás (IFG). A análise é realizada a partir da formação desses docentes, e para isso, recupera-se tanto a trajetória histórica da EJA quanto da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT) como modos educativos vinculados à formação de trabalhadores “pobres”. O artigo reitera como desafio educacional para a profissionalização dos trabalhadores estudantes, dentre outros, a formação dos docentes que atuam na EJA e na EPT.
As cotas étnico-raciais nas universidades federais brasileiras e o imperativo da inclusão
Authors: Silva Mozart Linhares da , Bueno Marisa Fernanda da Silva
Published: January 2019

Analisa-se neste artigo o programa de cotas étnico-raciais nas universidades federais brasileiras como um dispositivo de in/exclusão, a partir das teorizações de Michel Foucault sobre a governamentalidade neoliberal e sobre os dispositivos de segurança. A proposta é problematizar o sistema de reserva de vagas nas universidades brasileiras, considerando o imperativo da inclusão como estratégia neoliberal de gestão da liberdade e de controle social. Na contemporaneidade, a gestão dos desejos da população, de sua capacidade de optar livremente e de requerer a sua participação nos jogos do mercado é considerada, neste caso, efeito dos dispositivos de segurança, o que aponta para a maneira como a governamentalidade neoliberal atua nos processos de subjetivação. É nesse sentido que a inclusão se torna a tônica dos preceitos sociais atuais e se traduz no discurso de que todos devem estar incluídos e podem lançar mão das possibilidades ofertadas pelo Estado. No entanto, a inclusão não garante a participação igualitária de todos e, por isso, não é necessariamente o oposto da exclusão, mas compõe a dinâmica da inclusão exclusiva.
Subjetividade na e pela linguagem: a construção da identidade docente
Authors: Niederauer Carina Maria Melchiors , Azevedo Tânia Maris
Published: January 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo abordar a construção da identidade docente pelo viés da subjetividade na linguagem. Para isso, inicialmente é apresentado o aporte teórico que fundamenta essa proposta, os estudos benvenistianos, seguidos de uma breve incursão pela filosofia buberiana, assim como pelo olhar de alguns estudiosos da Educação, quanto a como o docente se vê e se constrói como professor, demonstrando, ainda, algumas das influências externas (culturais, sociais etc.) que interferem nesse processo de constituição docente. Por fim, é feita uma análise de alguns discursos de professores que falam sobre como se veem como docentes, bem como veem o profissional de maneira geral, a fim de ser demonstrado de que forma se marcam na e pela linguagem e como por ela manifestam a subjetividade no processo de construção de sua identidade docente.
Becoming a person through innovative inclusive education
Authors: Veggetti Maria Serena
Published: January 2019

1. Referring to some of the leading publications on the so called “difficult problem” of human neurosciences (consciousness), this definition is compared with the conceptualization of consciousness proposed by Vygotskij and shared by the representatives of the Historical-cultural trend in psychology. 2. The socio-genetic conception seems, at the present-day state of the research, to give a better explanation of the “becoming a person”, whether normal or handicapped, since the higher mental processes develop according to culture and education. 3. It is argued that the foundation of this process derives from a learning dynamic which, not being successfully experienced and supported by research-activity in educational contexts, brings about a more or less meaningful disease. 4. Brief considerations about “personality” – a subject mastering all his/her higher psychic functions. 5. As a conclusion, every intervention, whether educational, re-educational or clinical, has to devote major attention to the carrying on research-activity in the school-learning‚ as an effective way for attaining inclusion.
Counteracting the stigma of homelessness: The Finnish Housing First strategy as educational work
Authors: Sannino Annalisa
Published: January 2019

There is growing concern globally about homelessness in many affluent cities and the stigma attached to this phenomenon. The study focuses on the ways in which the Housing First strategy developed and implemented in Finland since 2008 is counteracting the stigma of homelessness by facilitating collective learning and agency formation. The study substantiates this conceptual argument with the help of examples from accounts by young people experiencing or having experienced homelessness, and by professionals working in supported housing units. The theoretical framework of the study builds on the Vygotskian concept of secondary deficit and the activity-theoretical concepts of expansive learning and transformative agency. The analysis leads to an initial model depicting the collective learning and agency steps among institutional actors and neighborhoods. The analysis shows the educational role played by multiple actors and institutions in the Finnish homelessness strategy to foster new modes of actions not only among the clients but also within the broad society. This role is exerted by means of systematically implemented negotiations and agreements which establish effective pathways out of marginalization and out of stigmatic orientations.
Consultores ad hoc 2018
Authors: Periódicos EDIPUCRS
Published: January 2019

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A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE EXTRAVASATION OF INTRAVENOUS CHEMOTHERAPY IN SANGLAH GENERAL HOSPITAL, BALI – INDONESIA
Authors: Kurniawati Inge , Adiputra Putu Anda Tusta
Published: January 2019

Background: Extravasation of intravenous chemotherapeutic agents is one of the most devastating complications, which unacceptable condition neither to patient nor to medical services. Many healthcare providers realize that even one extravasation injury is too many since this injury is preventable. Published incidence rates of chemotherapy extravasation range from 0,01% to 6%, but in our institution, chemotherapy extravasation was not well recorded, so the incidence rate is unclear and the number of injuries is underestimated. Method: We observed chemotherapy extravasation occurrence during a 6 months period in our institution, from September 2013 until March 2014. We recorded the chemotherapy agents, patient’s clinical presentations, and extravasation management.Result: During our observation, 1374 chemotherapies administered, and 10 cases of chemotherapy extravasation occur, particularly doxorubicine was the main chemotherapy agent. Almost all treated conservatively, only 10% handled with surgical management. Eventually, 20% of cases have implanted port placed.Conclusion: Extravasation of cytotoxic agents is a serious problem, it causes tissue damage, prolongs the length of stay, increases hospital cost and psychological damage to cancer patients who under chemotherapy. It preventable but always underestimate by some clinicians, the use of central venous access device is one of the solutions to minimize the damage.
Brain Metastases and Place of Antiangiogenic Therapies in Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma: A Retrospective Analysis of the French Sarcoma Group
Authors: Malouf Gabriel G. , Beinse Guillaume , Adam Julien , Mir Olivier , Chamseddine Ali N. , Terrier Philippe , Honore Charles , Spano Jean-Philippe , Italiano Antoine , Kurtz Jean-Emmanuel , Coindre Jean-Michel , Blay Jean-Yves , Le Cesne Axel
Published: January 2019

Background

Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare sarcoma characterized by a slow evolution, brain metastasis (BM), and resistance to doxorubicin. Antiangiogenic therapies (AAT) have shown clinical activity, but little is known about the optimal therapeutic strategy, specifically considering BM.

Subjects, Materials, and Methods

We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients with ASPS treated in three referral centers of the French Sarcoma Group. We aimed to describe factors associated with overall survival (OS) and the impact of BM on outcome of patients treated by AAT.

Results

We identified 75 patients between 1971 and 2012 (median age = 23, range: 5–96 years). Median follow-up was 74 months. Patients with localized (n = 44, 59%) and metastatic (n = 31, 41%) diseases had a 10-year OS of 69% and 25%, respectively. Only surgical incomplete resection was associated with shorter OS in localized disease (hazard ratio [HR] = 5.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2–22.4, p = .02). Fifty-two (69%) patients developed lung metastasis (LM; baseline: n = 31, [41%]; de novo: n = 21, [28%]). Thirteen patients developed BM, all occurring after LM. Tumor size ≥5 cm was associated with poorer BM-free survival (HR = 8.4, 95% CI 2.1–33.9, p = .002). Median OS post-BM was 17 months (95% CI 15 to not assessable). Overall, 12 patients were treated with AAT (sunitinib n = 10): 5 patients had BM and achieved poor outcomes compared with patients without, with median progression-free-survivals of 2 versus 11 months, respectively.

Conclusion

Baseline larger tumors were associated with increased risk of brain metastasis in patients with ASPS. Patients with BM seem to have little benefit from AAT, suggesting the need to develop antineoplastic agents with high central nervous system penetrance in this setting.
Diálogos interculturales sobre territorios ancestrales en la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Authors: Millán Mirta Fabiana , Chaparro María Gabriela , Mariano Mercedes
Published: January 2019

Con el presente trabajo nos propusimos visibilizar diversos territorios ancestrales existentes en el partido de Olavarría (provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina), en relación con su continuidad sociocultural e interacción espacio-temporal a partir de un diálogo intercultural entre las autoras. Por ello, elegimos tres sitios arqueológicos que han sido sistemáticamente analizados y estudiados por investigadores, para repensarlos como territorios milenarios que posibilitan, desde el kimun (conocimiento) del pueblo mapuche, otras lógicas del espacio y del tiempo. Este artículo es resultado de una primera experiencia de coproducción de saberes con la que se buscó, mediante un intercambio de conocimientos indígenas y académicos, propiciar otros nuevos en torno de identidades locales, sus continuidades y reemergencias. Para ello, trabajamos con una metodología cualitativa que articuló la producción científica con los testimonios orales y saberes ancestrales de miembros de pueblos originarios contemporáneos.