bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aproximación al futuro de las lenguas de España
Authors: Del Moral Aguilera Rafael
Published: May 2023

No todas las lenguas corren la misma suerte. Unas son más afortunadas que otras. Pero eso no parece importar siempre que los hablantes dispongan de las que necesitan. ¿Qué pasos siguen en su trayectoria? ¿Qué las extiende y qué las confina? Aunque todas están dotadas de recursos para cubrir cualquier necesidad comunicativa, no todas las cubren en un momento dado de sus trayectorias. Considerando el comportamiento histórico podemos aventurar el fututo de las de España a partir del estado en que se encuentran. Es sabido que las lenguas mejor preparadas para perdurar son las que cuentan con hablantes monolingües, con estudiantes que solicitan aprenderlas, con familias que las transmiten, con progresión en número de hablantes, con un uso natural y no forzado en la enseñanza y con un amplio desarrollo en la escritura. Cualquiera de estas carencias las debilita. Los esfuerzos de los gobiernos autonómicos por extender y poner en valor el uso de las lenguas regionales no parecen causar el efecto esperado porque los cauces naturales en la evolución siguen siendo fieles a las costumbres.
POLITIK REFORMASI HUKUM: PEMBENTUKAN SISTEM HUKUM NASIONAL YANG DIHARAPKAN
Authors: UL AKMAL DIYA
Published: May 2023

Pembangunan hukum terus dilakukan untuk menyempurnakan sistem yang sudah ada. Dari masa prakemerdekaan hingga saat ini terus dilakukan pembangunan hukum tersebut. Namun disetiap masa selalu terdapat permasalahan yang harus diselesaikan. Selain itu, permasalahan yang timbul tersebut seringkali menyisakan karakter yang tidak baik dalam pembangunan hukum dimasa selanjutnya. Salah satu contohnya adalah hukum dibentuk hanya untuk melanggengkan kekuasaan politik dan untuk dapat memberikan keuntungan kepada individu/kelompok tertentu saja. Sejatinya masyarakat menginginkan hukum bersifat responsif dan melindungi diri pribadinya. Diperlukan penataan yang sungguh-sungguh demi menciptakan hal tersebut. Penataan dan perbaikan ini meliputi ketiga sub sistem hukum yang ada. Pembentukan hukum tidak hanya untuk beberapa individu atau golongan saja. Kemudian penegakkan hukum harus dilakukan dengan mengakui setiap orang memiliki kesamaan kedudukan dihadapan hukum. Dan menciptakan budaya hukum masyarakat yang baik. Sehingga pada akhirnya tertib hukum akan terlaksana dan akan memberikan keadilan serta kemanfaatan yang luas
AKIBAT HUKUM BAGI MASYARAKAT YANG TIDAK MEMILIKI AKTA CATATAN SIPIL DI KABUPATEN LEBAK
Authors: RATU MARFU'ATUN DIKA
Published: May 2023

Masalah administrasi kependudukan masih menjadi polemik bagi masyarakat, karena tidak sedikit masyarakat yang masih belum mengerti akan kegunaan pencatatan administrasi kependudukan dan perolehan aktanya yang seharusnya didapat. Maka dari itu penulisan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan dan manfaat akta catatan sipil dan akibat hukum bagi masyarakat yang tidak memiliki akta catatan sipil ditinjau menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2013 Tentang Administrasi Kependudukan Jo. Peraturan Daerah Nomor 3 Tahun 2010 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Administrasi Kependudukan.

Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitis dan apabila dilihat dari tujuannya termasuk penelitian yuridis normatif. Jenis data yang digunakan meliputi data sekunder.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini diperoleh hasil bahwa akta catatan sipil ini memliki peranan dan manfaat yang sangat penting diantaranya setiap peristiwa hukum yang terjadi harus dilaporkan pada Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil, dengan demikian kita akan mendapatkan sebuah akta catatan sipil, akta catatan sipil ini merupakan alat bukti otentik untuk menunjukkan identitas seseorang dan memberikan kepastian pada peristiwa yang telah terjadi, serta hak kita sebagai warga negara dilindungi dengan baik.

Akibatnya jika tidak memiliki akta catatan sipil tidak akan mendapatkan hak-hak yang semestinya didapat, akan mendapatkan kesulitan dalam menentukan status hukum seseorang, tidak mendapatkan kepastian tentang peristiwa yang telah terjadi. Mengenai administrasi ini telah diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2013 Tentang Administrasi Kependudukan. Setiap penduduk juga akan dikenai sanksi administratif berupa denda apabila melampaui batas waktu pelaporan peritiwa penting, hal ini diatur oleh Peraturan Daerah Nomor 3 Tahun 2010 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Administrasi Kependudukan
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI INVESTOR ASING MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 25 TAHUN 2007 TENTANG PENANAMAN MODAL
Authors: Ali rahman Iman , Sukma Kelana Dewa
Published: May 2023

Untuk kepentingan meningkatkan pembangungan nasional dan ekonomi, Indonesia membutuhkan berbagai macam dukungan dari segala aspek. Salah satunya adalah keberadaan investor asing. Namun sejauh ini, Indonesia dinilai belum mendukung secara penuh keberadaan investor asing sehingga banyak terjadi kendala investasi yang belum dibenahi secara komperehensif. Untuk memenuhi kepentingan tersebut, maka pemerintah Indonesia merumuskan kebijakan mengenai penanaman modal dan perlindungan hukum yang diberikan kepada investor asing melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2007 tentang Penanaman Modal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perlindungan hukum serta implikasi adanya kegiatan investasi asing di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normative. Sumber bahan hukum primernya adalah Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2007 tentang Penanaman Modal. Sumber bahan hukum sekundernya menggunakan literatur yang relevan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode studi Pustaka. Teknik analisa data menggunakan teknik analisa deduktif. Teknik penyajian datanya menggunakan teknik deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwasannya perlindungan hukum bagi penanaman modal asing (PMA) di Indonesia menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2007 tentang Penanaman Modal adalah pemberlakukan asas persamaan bagi investor asing maupun luar negri. Perlindungan hukum juga diberikan untuk tindakan nasionalisasi, pengambilalihan kepemilikan, pengalihan asset, transfer, dan repatriasi. Investasi asing memiliki peranan penting bagi Indonesia untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan meningkatkan pembangunan nasional. Investasi asing juga turut mendukung Indonesia dalam menghadapi persaingan perdagangan yang ketat dalam perdagangan internasional, mentransfer pengetahuan serta teknologi industri dan pembangunan, serta meningkatkan devisa negara. Maka untuk menunjang hal itu, investor asing membutuhkan adanya kepastian hukum dan perlindungan hukum untuk menjamin kegiatan investasi asing di Indonesia.
PERANAN PANCASILA TERHADAP NILAI-NILAI YANG TERKANDUNG DI DALAMNYA UNTUK MEMPERSIAPKAN GENERASI MUDA DI DUNIA KERJA
Authors: Helpin Satria Bima
Published: May 2023

Pancasila merupakan rangkaian nilai   (norma)  atau sistem  nilai  dasar  yang bersifat menyeluruh dan mendalam yang dimiliki dan  dipegang  oleh bangsa Indonesia sebagai wawasan atau pandangan hidup. Nilai ini bersumber dari budaya dan pengalaman sejarah bangsa Indonesia, dirumuskan dan diaplikasikan dalam kehidupan bernegara dan direalisasikan secara harmonis   antara  pemerintah,   pengusaha dan   pekerja. Pancasila sebagai pedoman hidup dengan dinamika, essensi dan urgensinya    menggambarkan cita-cita bangsa Indonesia yang sejalan dengan pembangunan nasional agar seluruh  elemen  masyarakat  merasakan  kesejahteraan,  sebagaimana yang   di cita-citakan  Bangsa Indonesia tertuang di dalam Pembukaan UUD 45 alenia 4. Generasi muda yang nantinya berperan sebagai aset bangsa merupakan  faktor  yang  paling kritis  dalam sektor pembangunan nasional, yaitu sebagai pemegang kebijakan, akademisi dan peran essensial lainnya diharapkan mampu menghilangkan degradasi nilai kesejahteraan bagi masyarakat Indonesia. Bangsa Indonesia mempunyai tantangan dari waktu kewaktu agar nilai Pancasila sebagai ideologi dan perannya dalam mempersiapkan generasi muda benar-benar tidak bergeser. Tantangan ideologi Pancasila semakin kompleks, dimana tantangan tidak hanya datang dari ideologi liberalisme, komunisme, individualisme, atheisme, kapitalisme.  Tantangan dikehidupan sosial seperti adanya narkoba, terorisme, dan korupsi serta kebudayaan global.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk dapat dijadikan acuan para pemangku kebijakan untuk terwujud kesejahteraan bangsa. Hasil dari kajian ini menyatakan bahwa peran nilai-nilai Pancasila menjadi konsep bagi generasi muda dalam memasuki dunia kerja di Indonesia dapat berjalan dengan lancar, adil, dan atas dasar musyawarah untuk mufakat untuk membangun Indonesia yang lebih baik di mata dunia internasional
ANCAMAN PIDANA BAGI MONEY POLITIC DALAM PEMILIHAN ANGGOTA LEGISLATIF TERHADAP KEBERLANGSUNGAN DEMOKRASI INDONESIA
Authors: Subrata Tedy
Published: May 2023

ngan dan kesejahteraan. Secara aturan pemilu adalah sarana perwujudan kedaulatan rakyat. Dengan jalan pemilu, legitimasi kekuasaan rakyat diwujudkan melalui penyerahan sebagian kekuasaan dan hak rakyat kepada wakilnya yang duduk di Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat baik tingkat Kota, Kabupaten, Provinsi, Pusat, Pemilu adalah suatu proses untuk melahirkan pemimpin yang adil, berintegritas, mengedepankan kepentingan dan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Secara konseptual, pemilu adalah sarana perwujudan kedaulatan rakyat. Dengan jalan pemilu, legitimasi kekuasaan rakyat diwujudkan melalui penyerahan sebagian kekuasaan dan hak rakyat kepada wakilnya yang duduk di pemerintahan maupun parlemen.Tetapi, dalam faktanya, proses dalam pemilu banyak terjadi pelanggaran utamanya pada saat dilaksanakanya kampanye, Jenis pelanggaran kampanye yang sering terjadi dalam pemilihan umum adalah money politic. money politic termasuk tindakan penyimpangan dari kampanye yang bentuknya dengan cara memberikan uang kepada simpatisan ataupun masyarakat agar mereka agar mereka memilih kandidat tersebut pada saat diselenggarakanya pemilu, di Negara yang mengaut sistem demokrasi ini, maraknya money politik perlahan akan menggerus prinsip demokrasi itu sendiri, karena suara rakyat sebagai pemegang kedaulatan tertinggi dapat ditebus dengan  rupiah.
PENGATURAN USIA PENSIUN PEKERJA DI PT SURYA TOTO INDONESIA Tbk DIHUBUNGKAN DENGAN PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NOMOR 45 TAHUN 2015 TENTANG PENYELENGGARAAN PROGRAM JAMINAN PENSIUN
Authors: Prayitno Sugeng , Iskandar Imam
Published: May 2023

Secara umum, pensiun adalah suatu masa dimana pekerja/pegawai sudah tidak bekerja lagi sehubungan dengan pemutusan hubungan kerja pada instansi/perusahaan karena pekerja/pegawai tersebut telah mencapai batas usia tertentu. Di PT Surya Toto Indonesia Tbk, pengaturan usia pensiun pekerja diatur berdasarkan Perjanjian Kerja Bersama. Pengaturan usia pensiun tersebut berbeda dengan ketentuan usia pensiun dari Pemerintah untuk pekerja yang menjadi peserta program jaminan pensiun Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Ketenagakerjaan, yang diatur dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 45 Tahun 2015 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Program Jaminan Pensiun

Penelitian ini menggunakan bentuk penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan. Jenis bahan hukum dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Bahan-bahan hukum tersebut kemudian dianalisa dengan menggunakan teknik penelitian terhadap taraf sinkronisasi secara vertikal.

Terdapat perbedaan dan dampak dari pengaturan dan pelaksanaan usia pensiun pekerja di PT Surya Toto Indonesia Tbk dihubungkan dengan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 45 Tahun 2015 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Program Jaminan Pensiun. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) Terdapat ketidaksinkronan peraturan perundang-undangan akibat dari perbedaan pengaturan dan pelaksanaan usia pensiun pekerja di PT Surya Toto Indonesia Tbk berdasarkan Perjanjian Kerja Bersama dihubungkan dengan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 45 Tahun 2015 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Program Jaminan Pensiun, menunjukkan bahwa tidak terpenuhinya beberapa kaidah hukum tentang logika ilmu hukum, yaitu: kaidah nonkontradiksi (principle of integrity), kaidah derivatif (derivative principle), kaidah sistem (systemic principle), kaidah reduksi (principle of reductionism). (2) Adanya “masa tunggu” bagi pekerja di PT Surya Toto Indonesia Tbk yang telah pensiun, karena tertundanya pembayaran manfaat jaminan pensiun sebagai peserta program jaminan pensiun Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Ketenagakerjaan akibat dari pengaturan usia pensiun dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 45 Tahun 2015 yang berjenjang, sehingga tidak dapat langsung memperoleh manfaat jaminan pensiun, yang seharusnya dalam konsep jaminan pensiun idealnya adalah bahwa peserta akan mendapatkan hak atas manfaat jaminan pensiun pada saat memasuki usia pensiun.
Single-molecular surface-induced fluorescence attenuation based on thermal reduced graphene oxide
Authors: Fan Qin-Kai , Yang Chen-Guang , Hu Shu-Xin , Xu Chun-Hua , Li Ming , Lu Ying ,   Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,   University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Published: May 2023

Single-molecular surface-induced fluorescence attenuation (smSIFA) is a precise method of studying the vertical movement of biological macromolecules based on two-dimensional material receptors. This method is not affected by two-dimensional planar motion of membrane or proteins. However, the detection range and accuracy of vertical movement are determined by the properties of two-dimensional materials as receptors. In recent years, surface induced fluorescence attenuation based on graphene oxide and graphene has played an important role in studying biomacromolecules. However, the detection range of graphene and graphene oxide are limited owing to the fixed and limited characteristic quenching distance. Adjusting the detection range requires replacing the medium material, which poses difficulties in selecting and preparing materials. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop controllable materials for single-molecular SIFA. In this study, the single-molecule SIFA with graphene oxide as the medium acceptor is improved by reducing graphene oxide through thermal reduction. By controlling the reduction temperature, reduced graphene oxides to different reduction degrees are prepared and the characteristic quenching distances are adjusted. The characteristic quenching distance is measured by fluorescent labeled DNA. Single-molecule SIFA based on reduced graphene oxide is used to observe the conformational changes of Holliday junction, and the detection range of reduced graphene oxide is demonstrated.
APE1 recruits ATRIP to ssDNA in an RPA-dependent and -independent manner to promote the ATR DNA damage response
Authors: Lin Yunfeng , Li Jia , Zhao Haichao , McMahon Anne , McGhee Kelly , Yan Shan
Published: May 2023

Cells have evolved the DNA damage response (DDR) pathways in response to DNA replication stress or DNA damage. In the ATR-Chk1 DDR pathway, it has been proposed that ATR is recruited to RPA-coated single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) by direct ATRIP-RPA interaction. However, it remains elusive how ATRIP is recruited to ssDNA in an RPA-independent manner. Here, we provide evidence that APE1 directly associates ssDNA to recruit ATRIP onto ssDNA in an RPA-independent fashion. The N-terminal motif within APE1 is required and sufficient for the APE1-ATRIP interaction in vitro and the distinct APE1-ATRIP interaction is required for ATRIP recruitment to ssDNA and the ATR-Chk1 DDR pathway activation in Xenopus egg extracts. In addition, APE1 directly associates with RPA70 and RPA32 via two distinct motifs. Taken together, our evidence suggests that APE1 recruits ATRIP onto ssDNA in an RPA-dependent and -independent manner in the ATR DDR pathway.
Multi-centre analysis of networks and genes modulated by hypothalamic stimulation in patients with aggressive behaviours
Authors: Gouveia Flavia Venetucci , Germann Jurgen , Elias Gavin JB , Boutet Alexandre , Loh Aaron , Lopez Rios Adriana Lucia , Torres Diaz Cristina , Contreras Lopez William Omar , Martinez Raquel Chacon Ruiz , Fonoff Erich Talamoni , Benedetti-Isaac Juan Carlos , Giacobbe Peter , Arango Pava Pablo M , Yan Han , Ibrahim George M , Lipsman Nir , Lozano Andres , Hamani Clement
Published: May 2023

Deep brain stimulation targeting the posterior hypothalamus (pHyp-DBS) is being investigated as a treatment for refractory aggressive behavior, but its mechanisms of action remain elusive. We conducted an integrated imaging analysis of a large multi-centre dataset, incorporating volume of activated tissue modeling, probabilistic mapping, normative connectomics, and atlas-derived transcriptomics. Ninety-one percent of the patients responded positively to treatment, with a more striking improvement recorded in the pediatric population. Probabilistic mapping revealed an optimized surgical target within the posterior-inferior-lateral region of the posterior hypothalamic area. Normative connectomic analyses identified fiber tracts and functionally connected with brain areas associated with sensorimotor function, emotional regulation, and monoamine production. Functional connectivity between the target, periaqueductal gray and key limbic areas – together with patient age – were highly predictive of treatment outcome. Transcriptomic analysis showed that genes involved in mechanisms of aggressive behavior, neuronal communication, plasticity and neuroinflammation might underlie this functional network.
Clinical significance of FBXO43 in hepatocellular carcinoma and its impact on tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion
Authors: Ma Rulan , Liu Wenbo , Sun Tuanhe , Dang Chengxue , Li Kang
Published: May 2023

Background

The effects of FBXO43 on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its clinical significance have not yet been determined. This study aims to determine the clinical significance of FBXO43 in HCC and its impact on the biological functions of HCC cells.

Methods

Data from TCGA database were downloaded to investigate the expression of FBXO43 in HCC and its correlation with prognosis and immune infiltration. Immunohistochemical staining images of FBXO43 in HCC were acquired from the HPA website. HCC cells (BEL-7404 and SMMC-7721) were transfected with the lentivirus targeting FBXO43 to decrease FBXO43 expression in HCC cells. Western blotting assay was conducted to evaluate the expression level of FBXO43 protein. MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation of HCC cells. The migration and invasion of HCC cells were investigated by performing scratch wound-healing and Transwell invasion assays, respectively.

Results

In comparison to normal tissues, FBXO43 is overexpressed in HCC tissue, and high FBXO43 expression is linked to late T stage, TNM stage and tumor grade. Elevated FBXO43 expression is a risk factor for HCC. In patients with high FBXO43 expression, the overall survival, disease-specific survival, progression-free survival and disease-free survival are poorer. The proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cells are significantly attenuated in FBXO43 knockdown cells. Also, TCGA data analysis reveals that FBXO43 exhibits a positive correlation with immunosuppression of HCC.

Conclusion

FBXO43 is overexpressed in HCC, and is linked to late tumor stage, worse prognosis and tumor immunosuppression. FBXO43 knockdown restrains the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC.
Optimising sampling of fish assemblages on intertidal reefs using remote underwater video
Authors: Erickson Katherine R. , Bugnot Ana B. , Figueira Will F.
Published: May 2023

Background

Assessing fish assemblages in subtidal and intertidal habitats is challenging due to the structural complexity of many of these systems. Trapping and collecting are regarded as optimal ways to sample these assemblages, but this method is costly and destructive, so researchers also use video techniques. Underwater visual census and baited remote underwater video stations are commonly used to characterise fish communities in these systems. More passive techniques such as remote underwater video (RUV) may be more appropriate for behavioural studies, or for comparing proximal habitats where the broad attraction caused by bait plumes could be an issue. However, data processing for RUVs can be time consuming and create processing bottlenecks.

Methods

Here, we identified the optimal subsampling method to assess fish assemblages on intertidal oyster reefs using RUV footage and bootstrapping techniques. We quantified how video subsampling effort and method (systematic vs random) affect the accuracy and precision of three different fish assemblage metrics; species richness and two proxies for the total abundance of fish, MaxNT and MeanCountT, which have not been evaluated previously for complex intertidal habitats.

Results

Results suggest that MaxNT and species richness should be recorded in real time, whereas optimal sampling for MeanCountT is every 60 s. Systematic sampling proved to be more accurate and precise than random sampling. This study provides valuable methodology recommendations which are relevant for the use of RUV to assess fish assemblages in a variety of shallow intertidal habitats.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasonography in Patients with Plantar Fasciitis: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Chithiravelu Sivakanmani , Guhan Sivathangavel Thangavelu , Aiyappan Senthil Kumar , Sai Dachepalli Ramya , Mittal Harshika
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Plantar Fasciitis (PFS) is the most well-known cause for plantar heel pain seen predominantly in middle aged women. Imaging findings of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is considered to be the gold standard in the diagnosis of PFS, but MRI is expensive. Hence; there is a need to study the accuracy of Ultrasonography (USG), as USG is inexpensive, free of radiation and readily available. Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Value (PPV) and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of ultrasound in comparison with MRI for the diagnosis of PFS, in patients with heel pain. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, SRM Medical College and Research Centre, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India, from December 2019 to July 2021. USG and MRI of foot were performed in 40 patients with heel pain. MRI protocol included three plane Proton Density Fat Saturated (PDFS), T1 sagittal, T2 axial and Short inversion Time Inversion Recovery (STIR) sagittal sequences. USG scans were done in prone position with the patient’s feet dorsiflexed. The Plantar Fascia (PF) thickness was measured in both USG and MRI and association of the ultrasound and MRI measurements of PF thickness was done using Chi-square test. Results: Mean age of the cohort was 36.83±10.08 years. Out of this subject population, majority were females 29 (72.5%). Nineteen (47.5%) females were overweight i.e., BMI from 25- 29.9 kg/m2 . The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of plantar fascia thickness of USG as compared to MRI was found to be 80%, 60%, 82.9%, 33.3% and 93.5%, respectively. Conclusion: Despite MRI being the imaging modality of choice in diagnosing PFS, accuracy of ultrasound was comparable to that of MRI and it can be used as the initial investigation and follow-up.
Variations in the Branching Pattern of Coeliac Trunk: A Cadaveric Case Series
Authors: Yatagiri Sandhya Vikas , Nuchhi Ashwini Balasaheb , Harwalkar Veena Srinivas , Bulagouda Ravi Siddanagouda
Published: May 2023

During routine cadaveric dissection for students, the authors found variations in three cadavers. A male cadaver of approximately 70 years of age showed a unique branch communicating the coeliac trunk with the Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA). The right and left hepatic arteries gave smaller branches before entering into liver. In another male cadaver of approximately 60 years of age, the left hepatic artery was arising from the left gastric artery. The common hepatic artery gave rise to right gastric artery and gastroduodenal artery, after which it continued as right hepatic artery proper. This gave rise to cystic artery. The present series also observed quadrifurcation of coeliac trunk in a male cadaver of 70 years of age. It gave off four branches namely, splenic artery, left gastric artery, right hepatic artery and left hepatic artery. The gastroduodenal artery was arising from the left hepatic artery. The variations in the branching pattern of coeliac trunk is important for the surgeons during gastric surgeries, liver transplantation, pancreatic and gall bladder surgeries. Radiologists should be aware of such variations during reporting of Computed Tomography (CT) angiograms.
ВАКУУМНАЯ УСТАНОВКА С ЭЛЕКТРОННО-ЛУЧЕВЫМ ИСПАРИТЕЛЕМ И ШЛЮЗОВОЙ ЗАГРУЗКОЙ ГРУППОВЫХ ПОДЛОЖКОДЕРЖАТЕЛЕЙ, "Электронная техника. Серия 3. Микроэлектроника"
Authors: Хошев А.В. , Аверьянов Е.В. , Одиноков В.В. , Костюков Д.А. , Овцын А.А.
Published: May 2023

Разработана новая вакуумная установка (ЭЛУ ТМ 1Ш) с многотигельным электронно-лучевым испарителем (ЭЛИ) и шлюзовой загрузкой групповых подложкодержателей под пластины 100-150 мм. Установка предназначена в основном для нанесения однослойных или многослойных пленок в технологии взрывной фотолитографии.
TO THE QUESTION OF СHARGE TRANSPORT MECHANISM IN SILICON NITRIDE-BASED MEMRISTORS, "Электронная техника. Серия 3. Микроэлектроника"
Authors: Makeev V.V. , Teplov G.S. , Sattarov P.Sh.
Published: May 2023

The results of the investigation of VAC and сharge transport mechanism in silicon nitride-based memristors are described. An attempt was made to explain the variation of characteristics and the complexity of modelling by the cluster structure of the functional layer based on non-stoichiometric nitride. Suggested that with real thicknesses of the functional layer in 4–8 nm, the homogeneity of its phase composition becomes of great importance. The presence of clusters commensurate with the film thickness and having a different chemical composition add an element of randomness to the results of VAC measurement and do not allow correctly calculating model parameters.
Comparative Study Based on Simulation of Some Methods of Classical Estimation of the Parameters of Exponentiated Lindley – Logarithmic Distribution
Authors: Musa Abuh , Onyeagu Sidney I. , Obulezi Okechukwu J.
Published: May 2023

In this article, some non-bayesian estimation procedures of the Exponentiated Power Lindley-Logarithmic Distribution for modeling real life data are considered. A simulation study is carried out to determine the best among others using the root meas squared error values. Real life data are used to substantiate the result from the simulation study. It was discovered from simulation study and real data that the weighted least squares estimation procedure is the best method for estimating the parameters of the Exponentiated Power Lindley-Logarithmic distribution.
The Association of Maternal Glycemic Control with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Infants of Diabetic Mothers
Authors: Kapoor Sanjana , Gupta Ritu
Published: May 2023

Background: Infants of Diabetic Mothers (IDMs) are at known risk for the development of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Echocardiography is essential for the diagnosis of HCM, to assess the left ventricular function, and the degree of left ventricle obstruction, and to rule out structural cardiac malformations.

Objective: To study the association of maternal third-trimester glycemic level with HCM in IDMs.

Study Design: Observational cross-sectional study.

Participants: 108 diabetic mothers and IDMs.

Intervention: Third-trimester Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were measured and Echocardiography was done for IDMs in their first week of life. Data were analyzed for correlations between various parameters.

Outcomes: HCM was diagnosed when the absolute value of Inter Ventricular Septum (IVS) was ≥ 2SD from the mean (5mm) and Asymmetrical Septal Hypertrophy (ASH) was diagnosed when the IVS: LVPW ratio was ≥ 1.3.

Results: 85% of the study population had gestational diabetes, and 55.6% of them were on diet control only. The mean HbA1c was 6.69%. The mean birth weight was 3.1 kg. The most common complication observed was hypoglycemia (19.4%). Asymptomatic HCM was seen in 52% and ASH in 25.9% of the study population. HCM was found to be significantly associated with maternal HbA1c levels, birth weight and hypoglycemia.

Conclusion: HCM is a frequent finding in IDMs when routinely screened by echocardiography. A significant positive association of HCM with maternal glycemic control was seen in our study and hence strict glycemic control during pregnancy is of paramount significance.
Economic and Technical Efficiency of Maize Production in the Eastern District of Bhutan: Stochastic Frontier Approach
Authors: Yoezer Karma
Published: May 2023

This research paper seeks to deal with the problem of economic and technical efficiency of maize farmers located in the eastern region of Bhutan. For the objective of this paper, the stochastic frontier parametric approach was employed. The socio-economic and production data were collected from 120 maize growing farmers using simple random sampling technique for the production year 2020-2021. Results show that maize producing farmers are 81.47 % technically efficient and 78.19 % economically efficient in producing maize. Farm size, household size, and training positively influences the maize efficiency. The paper presents supporting evidence for more government policy in terms of provision of subsidies on agrochemicals and providing training for better management skills to the farmers.
Medidas de Desempenho Operacional em Startups: Uma Survey das Startups Cadastradas na Associação Brasileira de Startups
Authors: Figuerêdo Leite Ígor
Published: May 2023

O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar a relação do modelo de atuação da startup e seu ciclo de vida com a importância dada aos gestores as medidas de desempenho operacional.Para tanto, foi analisado a importância que os empresários de startup atribuem a determinadas medidas de desempenho em diferentes modelos de atuação da startup e diferentes ciclo de vida. A metodologia utilizada foi a de survey, em que foram enviados questionários para 113 empresários e foram obtidas 38 respostas, totalizando 35% de taxa de retorno. A amostra analisada foi limitada às startups nordestinas cadastradas na Associação Brasileira de Startups (ABS), para fins estatísticos foram utilizadas as técnicas de correlação e teste de Kruskal- Wallis, a primeira técnica foi utilizada para buscar relações entre as medidas operacionais e o modelo de atuação da startup e o teste de Kruskal-Wallis foi utilizado para testar a diferença da importância dada aos gestores por determinada medida operacional em diferentes ciclos de vida e em diferentes modelos de atuação da startup. A partir da análise dos dados evidenciou- se que as medidas de desempenho operacional identificadas como mais importantes pelos empresários são os contratos assinados e o tempo de vida dos clientes, já as medidas evidenciadas como menos importantes são downloads e compartilhamento de conteúdo. Dentre os resultados, destaca-se que foi evidenciado nos modelos de E-commerce, Hardware e SaaS foi evidenciada uma relação positiva e estatisticamente significante entre as medidas de tempo para realizar a compra, lucro por cliente e porcentagem de usuários e os modelos de atuação corroborando com o estudo de Rompho (2018), além disso os resultados mostraram que o ciclo de vida e o modelo de atuação da startups não impacta a percepção de importância do empresário, mesmo resultado encontrado por Rompho (2018).
Pesquisa em contabilidade para a prática profissional: uma reflexão para quebrarmos paradigmas
Authors: Castro Pinheiro Ailton
Published: May 2023

Em nível mundial a relação entre pesquisa e prática profissional vem ganhando cada vez mais importância. No Brasil, a CAPES vem estruturando um sistema de pós-graduação para essa finalidade, onde incentiva a geração de produtos tecnológicos à prática profissional ancorado em teorias científicas. A esperança de termos na contabilidade pesquisas com esse perfil encontra um de seus entraves o paradigma positivista que domina essa ciência desde 1970. Assim, este artigo busca responder a seguinte questão: em que medida o positivismo presente nas pesquisas em nível de doutorado, no Brasil, dificulta a geração de tecnologias voltadas a prática profissional? Para respondê-la, realizamos um estudo interdisciplinar, norteado pelo método de raciocínio dialético onde correlacionamos a literatura técnica e científica. Dentre outras descobertas, a pesquisa mostra que o positivismo impõe uma segregação entre o campo acadêmico e profissional e com isso dificulta a produção de novas tecnologias.
Age Dependency of Cardiovascular Outcomes With the Amyloidogenic pV142I Transthyretin Variant Among Black Individuals in the US
Authors: Selvaraj Senthil , Claggett Brian L. , Quarta C. Cristina , Yu Bing , Inciardi Riccardo M. , Buxbaum Joel N. , Mosley Thomas H. , Shah Amil M. , Dorbala Sharmila , Falk Rodney H. , Solomon Scott D.
Published: May 2023

Importance

Hereditary transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis is an increasingly recognized cause of heart failure (HF) with distinct treatment. The amyloidogenic pV142I (V122I) variant is present in 3% to 4% of Black individuals in the US and increases the risk for atrial fibrillation (AF), HF, and mortality. Since hereditary transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis demonstrates age-dependent anatomic penetrance, evaluation later in life may identify survivors at particularly high risk.

Objective

To estimate age-dependent risks for cardiovascular events with the variant.

Design, Settings, and Participants

This cohort study analyzed Black participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study attending visit 1 (1987-1989) (followed up until 2019; median follow-up, 27.6 years). Data analyses were completed from June 2022 to April 2023.

Exposure

pV142I carrier status.

Main outcomes

The association between the variant and AF, HF hospitalization, mortality, and a composite of HF hospitalization or mortality was modeled by generating 10-year absolute risk differences for each year between ages 53 (the median age at visit 1) and 80 years, adjusting for the first 5 principal components of ancestry and sex. As an example, 5- and 10-year risk differences were specifically estimated for the composite outcome among participants surviving to age 80 years.

Results

Among 3856 Black participants (including 124 carriers) at visit 1, 2403 (62%) were women, 2140 (56%) had hypertension, and 740 (20%) had diabetes, with no differences between groups. The 10-year absolute risk difference between ages 53 and 80 years increased over time for each outcome. Statistical significance for increased 10-year risk difference emerged near ages 65 years for AF, 70 years for HF hospitalization, and 75 years for mortality. Among participants surviving to age 80 years, carriers had a 20% (95% CI, 2%-37%) and 24% (95% CI, 1%-47%) absolute increased risk for HF hospitalization or death at 5 and 10 years, respectively. Thus, at age 80 years, only 4 carriers would need to be identified to attribute 1 HF hospitalization or death over the following decade to the variant.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this study, age-specific risks were provided for relevant outcomes with the pV142I variant. Despite a relatively benign course during earlier years, Black individuals who carry the pV142I variant surviving into later life may be particularly vulnerable. These data may inform timing for screening, risk counseling to patients, and potential strategies for early targeted therapy.
Segmental Uniparental Isodisomy Causing an “Inside-to-Outside” Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Due to a Homozygous Mutation in POGLUT1
Authors: Ghaoui Roula , Curtis Samuel , Kassahn Karin S.
Published: May 2023

This case report describes segmental uniparental isodisomy causing an “inside-to-outside” limb-girdle muscular dystrophy due to a homozygous mutation in POGLUT1.
Association of Prehospital Transfusion With Mortality in Pediatric Trauma
Authors: Morgan Katrina M. , Abou-Khalil Elissa , Strotmeyer Stephen , Richardson Ward M. , Gaines Barbara A. , Leeper Christine M.
Published: May 2023

Importance

Optimal hemostatic resuscitation in pediatric trauma is not well defined.

Objective

To assess the association of prehospital blood transfusion (PHT) with outcomes in injured children.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This retrospective cohort study of the Pennsylvania Trauma Systems Foundation database included children aged 0 to 17 years old who received a PHT or emergency department blood transfusion (EDT) from January 2009 and December 2019. Interfacility transfers and isolated burn mechanism were excluded. Analysis took place between November 2022 and January 2023.

Exposure

Receipt of a blood product transfusion in the prehospital setting compared with the emergency department.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was 24-hour mortality. A 3:1 propensity score match was developed balancing for age, injury mechanism, shock index, and prehospital Glasgow Comma Scale score. A mixed-effects logistic regression was performed in the matched cohort further accounting for patient sex, Injury Severity Score, insurance status, and potential center-level heterogeneity. Secondary outcomes included in-hospital mortality and complications.

Results

Of 559 children included, 70 (13%) received prehospital transfusions. In the unmatched cohort, the PHT and EDT groups had comparable age (median [IQR], 47 [9-16] vs 14 [9-17] years), sex (46 [66%] vs 337 [69%] were male), and insurance status (42 [60%] vs 245 [50%]). The PHT group had higher rates of shock (39 [55%] vs 204 [42%]) and blunt trauma mechanism (57 [81%] vs 277 [57%]) and lower median (IQR) Injury Severity Score (14 [5-29] vs 25 [16-36]). Propensity matching resulted in a weighted cohort of 207 children, including 68 of 70 recipients of PHT, and produced well-balanced groups. Both 24-hour (11 [16%] vs 38 [27%]) and in-hospital mortality (14 [21%] vs 44 [32%]) were lower in the PHT cohort compared with the EDT cohort, respectively; there was no difference in in-hospital complications. Mixed-effects logistic regression in the postmatched group adjusting for the confounders listed above found PHT was associated with a significant reduction in 24-hour (adjusted odds ratio, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.23-0.91) and in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.27-0.97) compared with EDT. The number needed to transfuse in the prehospital setting to save 1 child’s life was 5 (95% CI, 3-10).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this study, prehospital transfusion was associated with lower rates of mortality compared with transfusion on arrival to the emergency department, suggesting bleeding pediatric patients may benefit from early hemostatic resuscitation. Further prospective studies are warranted. Although the logistics of prehospital blood product programs are complex, strategies to shift hemostatic resuscitation toward the immediate postinjury period should be pursued.
Stiff person spectrum disorder diagnosis, misdiagnosis, and suggested diagnostic criteria
Authors: Chia Nicholas H. , McKeon Andrew , Dalakas Marinos C. , Flanagan Eoin P. , Bower James H. , Klassen Bryan T. , Dubey Divyanshu , Zalewski Nicholas L. , Duffy Dustin , Pittock Sean J. , Zekeridou Anastasia
Published: May 2023

Background

Stiff person spectrum disorder (SPSD) is heterogeneous, and accurate diagnosis can be challenging.

Methods

Patients referred for diagnosis/suspicion of SPSD at the Mayo Autoimmune Neurology Clinic from July 01, 2016, to June 30, 2021, were retrospectively identified. SPSD diagnosis was defined as clinical SPSD manifestations confirmed by an autoimmune neurologist and seropositivity for high‐titer GAD65‐IgG (>20.0 nmol/L), glycine‐receptor‐IgG or amphiphysin‐IgG, and/or confirmatory electrodiagnostic studies (essential if seronegative). Clinical presentation, examination, and ancillary testing were compared to differentiate SPSD from non‐SPSD.

Results

Of 173 cases, 48 (28%) were diagnosed with SPSD and 125 (72%) with non‐SPSD. Most SPSD were seropositive (41/48: GAD65‐IgG 28/41, glycine‐receptor‐IgG 12/41, amphiphysin‐IgG 2/41). Pain syndromes or functional neurologic disorder were the most common non‐SPSD diagnoses (81/125, 65%). SPSD patients more commonly reported exaggerated startle (81% vs. 56%, p = 0.02), unexplained falls (76% vs. 46%, p = 0.001), and other associated autoimmunity (50% vs. 27%, p = 0.005). SPSD more often had hypertonia (60% vs. 24%, p < 0.001), hyperreflexia (71% vs. 43%, p = 0.001), and lumbar hyperlordosis (67% vs. 9%, p < 0.001) and less likely functional neurologic signs (6% vs. 33%, p = 0.001). SPSD patients more frequently had electrodiagnostic abnormalities (74% vs. 17%, p < 0.001), and at least moderate symptomatic improvement with benzodiazepines (51% vs. 16%, p < 0.001) or immunotherapy (45% vs. 13% p < 0.001). Only 4/78 non‐SPSD patients who received immunotherapy had alternative neurologic autoimmunity.

Interpretation

Misdiagnosis was threefold more common than confirmed SPSD. Functional or non‐neurologic disorders accounted for most misdiagnoses. Clinical and ancillary testing factors can reduce misdiagnosis and exposure to unnecessary treatments. SPSD diagnostic criteria are suggested.
A Prussian‐Blue Bifunctional Interface Membrane for Enhanced Flexible Al–Air Batteries
Authors: Wei Manhui , Wang Keliang , Zuo Yayu , Zhong Liping , Züttel Andreas , Chen Zhuo , Zhang Pengfei , Wang Hengwei , Zhao Siyuan , Pei Pucheng
Published: May 2023

Flexible Al–air batteries have attracted widespread attention in the field of wearable power due to the high theoretical energy density of Al metal. However, the efficiency degradation and anodizing retardation caused by Al parasitic corrosion severely limit the performance breakthrough of the batteries. Herein, a Prussian‐blue bifunctional interface membrane is proposed to improving the discharge performance of hydrogel‐based Al–air battery. When a rational 12 mg·cm−2 membrane is loaded, the effect of anticorrosion and activation is optimal thanks to the formation of a stable and breathable interface. The results demonstrate that a flexible Al–air battery using the membrane can output a high power density of 65.76 mW·cm−2. Besides, the battery can achieve a high capacity of 2377.43 mAh·g−1, anode efficiency of 79.78%, and energy density of 3176.39 Wh·kg−1 at 10 mA·cm−2. Density functional theory calculations uncover the anticorrosion‐activation mechanism that Fe3+ with a large number of empty orbitals can accelerate electrons transfer, and nucleophilic reactant [FeII(CN)6]4− promotes the Al3+ diffusion. These findings are beneficial to the inhibition of interfacial parasitic corrosion and weakening of discharge hysteresis for flexible Al–air batteries.
A Donor‐π‐Acceptor Type Red Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitter Featuring Spiro as the Bridge Exhibiting Aggregation‐Induced Emission Activity and Outstanding Efficiencies in Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Wang Hui , Chen Jia‐Xiong , Zhang Xi , Cheng Ying‐Chun , Fan Xiao‐Chun , Zhou Lu , Yu Jia , Wang Kai , Zhang Xiao‐Hong
Published: May 2023

Constructing donor‐π‐acceptor (D‐π‐A)‐type molecular structures by employing a phenyl as the π‐bridge to link donor (D) and acceptor (A) units has been recognized as an effective way to develop highly efficient red thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, flexible and relatively planar structures would open potential energy loss channels, such as nonradiative inactivation and aggregation‐induced triplet quenching processes. Here, a bulky spiro‐9,9′‐bifluorene unit is first implemented to serve as a bridging group to construct a D‐π‐A molecule, enabling it to have higher overall rigidity, more sufficient steric hindrance, prolonged molecule length, and obvious aggregation‐induced emission characteristics compared with a common phenyl bridge. As a result, energy dissipation routes are effectively relieved at the unimolecular level, together with mitigated interchromophore quenching, rendering a 100% photoluminescence quantum yield and a larger horizontal dipole ratio of 89%. The OLED based on 3‐(2‐(diphenylamino)‐9,9′‐spirobi[fluoren]‐7‐yl)dibenzo[a,c]phenazine‐11,12‐dicarbonitrile exhibits an excellent external quantum efficiency of nearly 37% at 612 nm, which is over 1.38‐fold enhancement compared with the phenyl bridge‐based control molecule. This work provides an instructive solution to design highly efficient red TADF emitters exploiting D‐π‐A‐type molecular structures.
Simultaneous Terahertz Pulse Generation and Manipulation with Spintronic Coding Surface
Authors: Chen Sai , Wang Hanchen , Liu Jingyu , Zhang Mingxuan , Chen Peng , Li Peiyan , Liu Zhongkai , Han Xiufeng , Wan Caihua , Yu Haiming , Zhang Yan , Wu Xiaojun
Published: May 2023

The utilization of spintronic terahertz (THz) emitters has a significant influence on broadband coherent spectroscopy and imaging at THz frequencies. By using femtosecond light to irradiate the spintronic heterostructures, spin currents from the ultrafast demagnetization effect can be transformed into charge currents through the inverse spin Hall effect, leading to the emission of THz waves. In this work, through the incorporation of sequential and inverse deposition of W‐Co20Fe60B20‐Pt heterostructure films, control is gained over the spin currents and THz waveforms, enabling it to achieve a 180° phase difference across a broad frequency spectrum while efficiently radiating THz waves. This, in turn, allows it to control the spatial phase of THz radiation. To test the device's capabilities, lithography‐based devices capable of focusing, producing vortexes, and dividing beams are manufactured. This investigation aims to advance the development of THz pulse sources while providing essential support for cutting‐edge technologies such as THz spectroscopy, high‐resolution imaging, and high‐speed communications.
Ti3C2 MXene Induced Efficient Electron Transfer over Bimetallic Sulfides and Layered Double Hydroxides
Authors: Wu Youlin , Li Teng , Jin Zhiliang
Published: May 2023

With a large specific surface area and remarkable electrochemical capabilities, NiAl‐LDH is widely used in photocatalysis. The electrochemical performance of NiAl‐LDH can be further improved by introducing the appropriate amount of Ti3C2 MXene by hydrothermal method. And NiAl‐LDH@Ti3C2 is simply compounded with ZnCdS in a certain ratio to obtain ZnCdS/NiAl‐LDH@Ti3C2. By studying different ratios of ZCSNAT, the optimal ratio of hydrogen evolution activity is 27.10 mmol g−1 h−1 under alkaline solution, which is 9.96 and 1.67 times higher than ZCS and ZnCdS/NiAl‐LDH‐20, while ZnCdS/NiAl‐LDH@Ti3C2‐20 reaches 1883 µmol (37.66 mmol g−1 h−1) in acidic solution, 13.84 and 2.32 times higher than ZnCdS and ZnCdS/NiAl‐LDH‐20. This apparent enhancement is mainly due to the doping of Ti3C2 in the NiAl‐LDH preparation to achieve improved electrochemical properties of NiAl‐LDH. The better electron induction effect of NiAl‐LDH@Ti3C2 greatly improves the electron mobility to the NA surface, which results in a higher photogenerated electron–hole separation efficiency of the composite catalyst based on the original one.