bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Subject and Thematic Field of Gastronomic Journalism: from Entertaining Content to the Issues of Russian National Policy
Authors: Reva Ekaterina , Ogorodnikova Tatiana , Mikhailova Tatiana , Arekhina Darya , Kubrin Sergei
Published: March 2020

Bringing up to date the issue of mass media typology, the authors of the article research such line of modern journalism as gastronomic journalism. As far as this topic has not been studied well enough yet, journalistic periodicals (social and political, business, geographical, gastronomic magazines, tabloids for men and women), television programs (“Rare People” at the channel “My Planet”, “Russia, My Love!” at the channel ‘Russia-Culture”, the content of breakfast broadcasting of “the First Channel”) and the multimedia project of the Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union “This is Caucasus” (section “A Good Taste”) are analyzed. The objective of the article is to determine the subject thematic range of gastronomic journalism, by studying the gastronomic content of mass media, and also to consider the functions of gastronomic journalism in the context of Media representations of peoples’ ethnic culture, namely of the indigenous minorities of Russia and of the North Caucasus peoples. In the course of the analysis, the features of the gastronomic topic in the representation context of the Russia peoples’ ethnic culture are revealed, the role of gastronomic journalism in terms of implementation of the strategy objectives of the Russian Federation State National Policy for the period up to 2025 as far as spreading knowledge about the peoples’ history and culture is concerned. To determine the effective resources of gastronomic journalism such methods and approaches as system, semiotic, cultural, typological and content analysis are used. A definition of gastronomic journalism, which determines the direction of studies of mass media and media in general, is given in this article. The authors come to the conclusion that not only recreational, advertising and informative but also cultural and educational functions of journalism are implemented through the gastronomic topic. Moreover, the importance of studying gastronomic journalism for education of journalism students and future caterers is considered in the article. A topical issue of gastronomic journalism development in Russian regions is emphasized.
Creolised Text in Mass Media: Principles of Effective Decoding
Authors: Shaklein Victor , Belova Maria , Mikova Svetlana
Published: March 2020

Arising and active development of innovative information channels, forming net thinking, require non-standard forms of presenting material in mass media. One of the solutions to this problem is increasing the number of creolised texts not only in electronic, but in printed media as well. Such texts containing verbal (heading, subscript, text comprising of more than one sentence) and non-verbal (image, scheme, table, font, colour) parts are widely spread in mass media because they allow the reader to precisely understand the author’s intention and the intention can be expressed in an implicit way. Such texts correspond to mass communication general trends towards information visualization, raising the effectiveness of the text impact on audience thanks to double coding, compact presentation of the material. These are the reasons of growing scientific interest in creolized texts in psychology, literature studies, linguistics, journalism. However, the terminology of the scientific sphere is not conventional: different terms “creolized text”, “semantically complicated text”, “polycode text”, etc. are all used in similar meanings in scientific papers. The authors of the article characterize terms used in Russian and foreign articles and monographs, assess their frequency and semantic scope. The specific features of creolized texts are pointed out, different types of such texts depending on metagraphic and iconic sign systems included in them are described. We distinguish three phases in reading such texts (preliminary stage, organised perception, final stage) and the role of visual and verbal components in the process. By the example of caricatures we show the importance of background knowledge for adequate decoding of creolized texts. Linguistic and cultural universals are an optimal source of objects whose meaning is evident to the representative of a certain culture. This makes the creolized text decoding easier in linguistic culture of its origin. On the other hand, texts based on linguistic and cultural universalia (realia, idioms, homophones, homographs, etc.) present extra difficulties for non-natives. The material of the research is caricatures of the late 20th — early 21st centuries by A.Merinov. Each of the caricatures is based on a certain linguistic and cultural universal.
Methods of Forming a Media Image of Russia in Contemporary Spanish Newspapers 'El Pais' and 'El Mundo'
Authors: Oleynikov Alexander
Published: March 2020

The article reviews the materials of the electronic editions of the largest Spanish newspapers El Pais, El Mundo, containing publications about Russia. These periodicals relate to quality press and have the greatest influence on the public opinion of the Spanish population. The scope of the study includes the period from 2014 to 2018 and covers all major topics related to the political, economic and cultural life of Russia. As a fragment of the world image in the media space there is an image of the country, which is largely formed by the presentation of the media, is created on the basis of current events of the surrounding reality, includes their dynamics, is an expression of public consciousness and its influence on it. The article aims to determine whether the image of modern Russia in the Spanish press is predominantly positive or negative, and also to analyze the specifics of the Russian political media's formation in the Spanish print media by using stylistic, semantic and syntactic techniques. In the press, journalists often use such methods as metaphor, hyperbole, irony, comparison, and others to create a media image of a country. The article presents examples of translation into Russian from the newspapers El Pais and El Mundo, showing the use of these techniques. Thus, editorial teams of newspapers can act as manipulators who are directly involved in shaping a certain view of Russia from the Spanish public.
Typological Aspects of System Representation of Mass Media
Authors: Sukhodolov Alexander , Kuznetsova Irina
Published: March 2020

The article applies the system approach to the conceptual image of mass media uniting analysis and synthesis, qualitative and quantitative methods of research, heuristic and logical-mathematical ways of revealing the content of the phenomenon under study. Special attention is paid to the basic concepts. A homeostatic model of mass media is provided. Typical relations between the media components are identified and analyzed with the help of mathematical and graphical models and interpretation of their meaning.
A model representation reduces lack of knowledge on the essence of a phenomenon and allows one to demonstrate a mechanism of producing a new property of any system with a certain degree of adequacy. It is important to take into account that interactions between properties of the components manifest themselves in an uneven way with some of them increasing and some of them, on the contrary, decreasing. Methodological grounds for the system approach and homeostasis methods and models developed at the same time for formal describing complex social-economic systems have formed a background for building mathematical models of mass media systems.
The article aims at defining the basic principles of relations between the media components for their further application to the insight into functioning of mass media systems. The article is up-to-date as the classification provided as well as systematization of relations in the system of mass media contribute to increasing methodological basis of the research into processes of communication.
News Media Robot: Theoretical Aspects of Intellectual System for Content Generation
Authors: Zamkov Andrey
Published: March 2020

The article discusses a new phenomenon of digital media sphere, i.e. news media robots, which are capable of creating content on a technological platform of intellectual systems. Interdisciplinary approaches to understanding this phenomenon, which attract theoretical concepts and cases from artificial intelligence, knowledge engineering and natural language technologies are considered. It is stated, that in the core of intellectual systems lie computational models of natural human intelligence and knowledge. The phenomenon of imitation as a characteristic of social and technical systems general ability to self-study relying on a sample is viewed as a key mechanism media robots adaptation to social environment. The case study of generating news content within the context of frames theory is provided as an illustration of universal formalism for representation of knowledge and social actions. The structure of general human intelligence, provided by Cattell — Horn theory, is considered as a possible reference model for comparison of a robotic intellectual system with natural human intelligence. The similarity between a general intelligence structure and an “intellectual” structure of a media robot is noted. The article defines the technology of modelling a natural language as the most prospective means of broadening the verbal intellect of a media robot. It is stated in conclusion, that one can observe trends for convergence in the methodology of knowledge engineering and analytical journalism. In a long-term perspective serious progress in creating new generation of media robots requires reproduction of such human abilities, as learning and “sense” of social responsibility. For this reason joint efforts in interdisciplinary studies in digital media, artificial intelligence and cognitive sciences are required.
Survival of the Media in a Small Market: the Practice of Direct State Financial Support on the Example of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
Authors: Maslina Maria
Published: March 2020

In this article, the author studies the current state of the system of direct financial support of the media in Luxembourg and further prospects for its development. Direct government support for the press has existed in the Grand Duchy since 1976. In accordance with the law for the promotion of the print media, newspapers receive subsidies, however, the press subsidy system is currently in the process of reforming. In 2017, grants for online media were first made available. In addition, discussions are underway to change the criteria for receiving financial assistance: if before the amount of the subsidy depended on the volume of publication (number of published pages), in the future it will depend on the number of journalists in the editorial office and, possibly, on the circulation or number of subscribers. Since 2021, the government plans, like press support, to allocate subsidies for RTL TV channels, but this decision is often criticized, because it is essentially a monopolization of RTL and threatens the disappearance of economically weaker broadcast stations, such as “L’essentiel Radio”, “Radio 100,7”. In this regard, many politicians are in favor of expanding the social and legal media sector, which is currently represented in the Grand Duchy only by the socio-cultural radio station “Radio 100,7”. In general, direct state support of the press (and from 2021 on television), which exists in Luxembourg, on the one hand, is one of the guarantees for the survival of economically weak media in a small market, on the other hand, it can be a danger to their political independence.
Journalism or Writing? (On the Syncretism of the Documentary and Fiction in Russian Writers Creative Works)
Authors: Skibina Olga
Published: March 2020

The article continues the discussion of the “phenomenon of journalism” in the creative heritage of Russian writers of the early twentieth century. The diary as a genre has always been at the center of research interests, but so far the criteria for “diary” have not been defined either by literary critics, or by theorists of journalism. At the turn of the century, diaries were kept by many artists of the word, it was the only genre that allowed expressing thoughts on pressing issues, which made it possible to attribute this genre definitely to journalism. At the same time, there is a tendency in the works of scientists to note the “informational possibilities of this type of ego-document for the study of the humdrum of a particular topos” (E.M. Krivolapovа), thus relating it to documentary prose. The subject of the analysis is the genre of diary prose by Ivan Bunin and Mikhail Prishvin. Written at the same time, the diaries of these writers reflect — each in its own way — one era — the bloody revolutionary present. The article poses the problem of the relationship between documentary and fiction in the diary genre. By comparing the diaries of Bunin and Prishvin, the author proves that a nonfiction text may well have a certain aesthetic value, but not the aesthetic, but rather the ethical aspect becomes dominant in nonfiction. This is manifested in the topical, socially significant problems of the work, and in the author’s striving to reduce the distance between his consciousness and the consciousness of the reader, and in the special lexical and grammatical structure of the phrase (Bunin's Cursed Days). Prishvin's diaries on the selection of vital material suggest that his position is artistic when the artistic image becomes the only true one in the presentation and perception of the world.
The Role of Mass Media in Constructing the Regional Identity: the Media Geographic Approaches
Authors: Yanglyaeva Marina , Yakova Tamara
Published: March 2020

This article presents the theoretical aspects of media and communication research in space and time. The authors of the article pay attention to the role of mass media in constructing a region and a regional identity and demonstrate how the media geographic categories work as determinants in understanding the place of mass media in shaping the region as a whole in the context of globalization and glocalisation. Media geography as a separate line of humanitarian research concerns the interrelations of media and spaces in their different forms and at different levels (personality, community, nation state), behavior patterns of media in constructing space, the role, the place and significance of media in socio-spatial relations etc. Having used the main thesis of media geography that all forms of communication are laid out and implemented in space and time, and spaces are constructed and represented by mass media, the authors make an attempt to interpret the theories of spatial production, which to a certain extent should be understood as the theories of communication and mediatazation. Furthermore, they analyze the theoretical and practical approaches of a number of foreign scholars to the role of mass media in the region’s construction. The concept of space in the social context with the emphasis on “location” in the process of the formation and strengthening of the regional identity through media products is considered in detail. The authors focus their attention on the regional market of concepts related to the political, economical and social life of the region, and on the role of the regional newspapers as public space where the main images of the region are revealed and the capabilities of main media in managing the regional processes come to light. The authors draw a conclusion that the regional media market fills every person’s life with concepts which are capable of influencing their national (and regional) identity.
Summary of the Book by D. MacQuail "Theory of Mass Communication" (Part 1)
Authors: Kosyakov Vitaly , Universalyuk Elena
Published: March 2020

The article is the first part of the summary of the book by the world renowned historian and sociologist Denis MacQuail “Mass Communication Theory”. This widely known book has been republished six times and is still one of the main works in the field of the theory and practice of Mass Communication. It considers not only theoretical issues but also practical aspects of communication. The first article is dedicated to the structure and contents of the book, it also gives the key definitions and introduces the main theories which explain the aspects of interaction between Mass Communication, Mass Media and the society.
Electronic screen technology use and connection to nature in Canadian adolescents: a mixed methods study
Authors: Michaelson Valerie , King Nathan , Janssen Ian , Lawal Sabreena , Pickett William
Published: March 2020

Objectives

Declines in exposure to nature may deprive young people of experiences that are positive for their mental health. One factor that may interfere with connections to nature is use of electronic screen technologies. The objectives of this study are to (1) document variations in the perceived importance of connections to nature nationally among adolescents; (2) explore relationships between these connections and the use of electronic screens, both epidemiologically and qualitatively; and (3) integrate core findings from both strands in order to provide evidence-based recommendations for health promotion.

Methods

The study involved a mixed methods design. Strand 1 involved a qualitative study of 74 Canadians (ages 10–18, years 2016–2018) with data collected through focus groups and interviews. Strand 2 involved a cross-sectional observational analysis of a national survey of 23,920 Canadians (ages 11–15, years 2013–2014). Findings from both strands were integrated through an established protocol.

Results

Increased use of electronic screen technology was consistently associated with lower perceived importance of connections to nature. Barriers to connecting to nature included choices that young people are making, the addictive properties of technology, and beliefs that being indoors is more comfortable and safer than being outdoors. When young people disconnected, their appreciation of being outdoors increased.

Interpretation

This novel study showed, quantitatively, that the time young people spend with electronic screens displaces time that they spend engaging in outdoor activities. Deeper reasons why such associations occur emerged in the qualitative strand. Temporary disconnection from screens may lead to renewed opportunities for outdoor exposures.
ERCoRe Learning Model to Improve Creative-Thinking Skills of Preservice Biology Teachers
Authors: NUR Syamsiara , ZUBAİDAH Siti , MAHANAL Susriyati , ROHMAN Fatchur
Published: March 2020

It is a challenge for higher education in the 21st century to prepare the students with various skills to master, including creative-thinking skills. Creative-thinking skills are essential to apply in all courses, one of which is Animal Structure. This research aims to determine the effect of the ERCoRe learning model in improving the creative-thinking skills of preservice biology teachers. It was conducted using the pretest-posttest control-group quasi-experimental design. The sample in this research were preservice teachers in the Biology Education Department of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Sulawesi Barat Indonesia, who were enrolled in the even semester of the 2018/2019 academic year with the Animal Structure course. The subjects of this research were 84 preservice teachers in 4 classes, which were divided into two experimental classes and two control classes. The number of preservice teachers in the experimental class was 44 and in the control class 40. The experimental class was taught with the ERCoRe learning model and the control class with the conventional model, namely the lecture and question and answer methods. The research instrument used was an essay test of creative-thinking skills totaling 13 items. The research data were analyzed using one-way Ancova. It was found that the creative-thinking skills of the preservice teachers generated by the ERCoRe learning model were higher than those generated by the conventional model. The use of the ERCoRe learning model influences and can improve the creative-thinking skills of preservice biology teachers at the Universitas Sulawesi Barat. The authors recommend that the ERCoRe learning model be used for other subjects as considered to have the potential in developing 21st century skills, especially creative thinking.
Institutions of the Judiciary in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (XIV-XVI centuries): structure, classification, competence
Authors: Zakharchenko P.
Published: March 2020

The article deals with the classification of the judiciary in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (hereinafter referred to as the GDL), which included most Ukrainian lands during that period.

The purpose of the work is to identify institutes of justice that were active during the Middle Ages in the GDL, to study their structure, to classify and competence each of them.

Following the majority of researchers in the history of national law, the author shares the view that the three stages of the evolution of the organization of justice in the specified period. The periodicisation is based on the well-known principle of court ownership, distinguishing state and non-state courts. Characterization of each of the judicial institutions is carried out. It noted that state courts were under the direct jurisdiction of the Grand Duke and his government officials, while non-state courts were not subordinate to government officials, but their decisions were found to be legitimate. Such courts have arranged both the Grand Duke of Lithuania (the master) and the general population, since the former sought to relieve the courts, and the latter sought opportunities to resolve the dispute on the spot, without long journeys and the pecuniary expense of keeping the letter and spirit of the law.
The author pays the most attention to land courts created on the basis of customary Ukrainian law. They originated in the fourteenth century. from the tradition of the Russian faithful courts. It is considered by public courts operating throughout Ukraine's ethnic territory, mostly in rural areas. Cities and towns that were not in Magdeburg law were also included in the land area. Representatives of various sections and strata of Ukrainian society participated in his work, starting with the peasantry and ending with the nobles-government. Attention is drawn to the jurisdiction of land courts in criminal proceedings. It has been proven that property crimes - theft, robbery, robbery, arson - were distinguished from criminal cases considered by land courts. Qualified death penalty was practiced, first of all hanging, burning, quartering. Initially, all the inhabitants of the land district (suburbs) came under the jurisdiction of the land courts, but subsequently the nobility was granted the right to sue the commercial court.

The findings of the paper stated that despite the variety of judicial institutions, the competence of each court was sufficiently clearly defined.
Conspiracy as a system of measures to ensure the secret of the criminal procedural and investigative activities of the operational law enforcement units
Authors: Hribov M. , Sukhachov O.
Published: March 2020

It is stated that the legal regulation of the matters of conspiracy of activity of operative
subdivisions is incomplete, unsystematic. At the legislative level, it is represented by several norms,
which not only do not settle the basics for solving these issues, but also are damaging, limiting the
possibility of realizing the powerful potential of operational units in the fight against crime. The developers by-laws normative and legal acts, relying on a subjective understanding of the meaning of conspiracy, are trying to tailor the untoward innovation of the legislator to practice. As a consequence, the
bylaws of the legal acts are filled with unclear, contradictory norms to ensure conspiracy, adherence
to its rules and responsibility for their violation. At the same time, such rules are not formulated in any
departmental instructions, and the existing methodological recommendations, mostly, outdated, do
not have scientific justification and affect only certain aspects of conspiracy. The lack of proper legal
regulation and methodological support for conspiracy issues causes problems of its organization. All
this leads to gross errors in the work, and, consequently, to the lack of results of long operational developments, the failure of specific SES and NRD, significant undue costs of human labor and material
resources, and most importantly – to the injury and death Operative workers, secret employees, and
in some cases their relatives and ordinary citizens. It is not the main reason for such a situation – absence of theoretical foundations of convolutation of the operational units of Ukrainian law enforcement
agencies. The purpose of the study is to formulate the theoretical foundations of a conspiration of
operational subdivisions and to offer proposals for their practical realization in the form of proposals
for changes and additions to the legislative and by-laws normative and legal Acts. The article defines
the notion and revealed of the content of conspiracy activities of the operational subdivisions with the
introduction of proposals on rationing of the relevant provisions. The conceptual principles of the legal
regulation of conspiracy activities of the operational subdivisions are suggested. The ways to improve
the legal regulation of information security on activities of operational subdivisions are developed. Revealed the content and formulated the notion of legend, masking and operational cover in the activities
of operational subdivisions, the means of improving their legal regulation are offered. The concept and
revealed content of the organization of conspiration of operational subdivisions activity is formulated.
The assessment of legal regulation is carried out and ways to solve practical problems in the organization of conspiration functioning of the unpublicized forces of operational subdivisions are performed.
Criminal and legal protection of the authority of department of state guard of Ukraine: to the question
Authors: Kuznetsov V.
Published: March 2020

The article deals with the issues of the modern criminal and legal protection of the authority of the Department of State Guard of Ukraine (DSGU). The analysis of modern scientific works on related issues allowed us to conclude about another subject of their research (issues of administrative and legal regulation of the DSGU activity, criminal and legal protection of state security activities, criminal and legal protection of the law enforcement officers in general). It is stated that the criminal and legal standards that ensure the protection of servicemen of the DSGU from criminal encroachments have not been the subject of separate scientific researches.

The purpose of the article is to identify the main problematic issues that arise in the regulation of criminal and legal protection of the authority of the DSGU.

The article substantiates that the criminal and legal protection of the authority of the DSGU is achieved through the criminal and legal protection of the rights and freedoms of servicemen and employees of the DSGU in connection with the implementation of state protection.

The following provisions are based on the following hypotheses:

1) it is impossible to limit in criminal and legal protection only general constitutional rights and freedoms (for example, life or health) of servicemen and employees of the DSGU;

2) criminal and legal protection of the authority of DSGU is carried out precisely in connection with the performance of certain official duties by the employees and servicemen of the DSGU;

3) special victim of crime is not only a serviceman but also an employee of the DSGU;

4) separate place is occupied by crimes committed by the servicemen of the DSGU against the same persons. This category of criminal offenses against the procedure established by law for servicemen or passing military service is classified in another legal category of «military crimes».

Based on the foregoing, the following conclusions are proposed:

1) requires a modern scientific research of modern criminal and legal protection of the authority of the DSGU;

2) criminal and legal protection of the authority of the DSGU is achieved through the criminal and legal protection of the rights and freedoms of servicemen and employees of the DSGU in connection with the implementation of state protection;

3) all crimes committed against the rights and freedoms of servicemen and employees of the DSGU should be divided according to such objective and subjective elements (signs) as the generic object of the crimes, the purpose, motive and the subject of the crime;

4) considering the organic unity of such forms of committing crime, such as the threat of destruction or damage to property and the immediate destruction or damage of property, it is proposed to provide for criminal liability for such a threat in Part 1 of Art. 347 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine (effective Part 1 of Art. 347 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine to provide in Part 2, and Part 2 – in Part 3).
Economic aspects of developing renewable energy sources
Authors: Rokov A. I. , Iokhimovich E. D.
Published: March 2020

The modern electricity market is in the process of transformation generated by the influx of technological innovations and social mood in society. The article considers the features of using renewable energy sources in the world and in Russia, their importance and economic potential for sustainable development. Significant problems that arise when using renewable energy sources are identified, and ways to overcome them and prospects for further use are considered.
Combination treatment of a rare case of a cavernous hemangioma of the orbit
Authors: Gorbachev Dmitriy S. , Kulikov Alexey N. , Svistov Dmitriy V. , Savello Alexander V. , Kol’bin Aleksej A. , Martynov Roman S. , Leongardt Tat’jana A.
Published: March 2020

A case of atypical course of cavernous hemangioma of the orbit. A necessity of a multidisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and surgical treatment of an orbital neoplasm is shown.
The use of new cohesive ophthalmic viscoelastic in cataract surgery
Authors: Loskutov Igor A. , Korneeva Alina V. , Lebedev Pavel A.
Published: March 2020

The article presents the results of an original study which was dedicated to the investigation of the new cohesive viscoelastic Cogevisc (sodium hyaluronate 1.6%) in ophthalmic surgery.
Aim. Analysis of the efficacy and safety of a new cohesive viscoelastic (Cogevisc, Solopharm) in phacoemulsification.
Patients and Methods. The clinical study was based on an assessment of the clinical and functional state of 80 patients (80 eyes), which were divided into 2 groups depending on viscoelastic used during the phacoemulsification procedure (Softshell technology): in group I (40 patients, 40 eyes) Viscoat was used to protect tissues, and Amvisc Plus was added to create volume; in group II (40 patients, 40 eyes) Viscoat was used to protect tissues, and Kogevisc was used to create volume. In the postoperative period, all patients received standard anti-inflammatory treatment. There was no significant difference in mean age, gender, preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) and preoperative central corneal thickness (CCT) between the two groups. Before surgery and in the postoperative period (in one day, 7 days, and 1 month), IOP, CCT, and endothelial cell density (ECD) were measured. The duration of the procedure and the amount of the consumed fluid were estimated.
Results. There was no significant difference in IOP, CCT, ECD 1 day and 1 week postoperatively between the two groups. Mean absolute refractive error was also not significantly different between the two groups. There was no significant difference in procedure duration between groups I and II (1523.81 75.66 seconds, 1500.33 92.56 seconds, respectively, p 0.001). No complications were observed during the intraocular lens implantation in both groups.
Conclusion. The investigated viscoelastic Cogevisc allows creating and effectively maintaining the necessary depth of the anterior chamber and the maximum diameter of the pupil, which simplifies different stages of phacoemulsification and minimizes the risk of intraoperative complications. Promising for further research is its use in combination with an adhesive viscoelastic of the same production. Reduced cost of Cogevisc is the advantage of this viscoelastic.
Innovative approach to barrier amnioplasty in surgical treatment of primary progressive pterygium
Authors: Bochkareva Anna N. , Egorov Victor V. , Smoliakova Galina P. , Pilipenko Alexey D. , Banshchikov Pavel A.
Published: March 2020

The aim is to evaluate the efficacy of new method of barrier amnioplasty in surgical treatment of primary progressive pterygium.
Materials and methods. 40 patients (40 eyes) with primary progressive pterygium, divided into two groups depending on surgical features of barrier amnionoplasty: in the main group (20 patients), plastic surgery was carried out in the semilunar fold area; in the control group (20 patients) in the limbal area. All patients underwent special examination: tear pH measurement and cytological evaluation of the cellular composition from the wound surface. The treatment efficacy was evaluated: in the early postoperative period by the timing of conjunctival inflammation disappearance, corneal epithelialization and vitalization of the amnion; after 1 year according to the state of the limbus, cornea, visual acuity, degree of corneal astigmatism.
Results and conclusions. The use of amnioplasty method in the area of semilunar fold developed and implemented by us in clinical practice showed high efficacy: time reduction in local cellular inflammatory reactions in the cytological composition of swabs and scrapings and postoperative inflammation of ocular surface, which led to shortening of periods of corneal epithelization by 1.7 times and vitalization of the amnion by 1.5 times. Uncomplicated postoperative course of inflammatory-regenerative reactions allows avoiding the pterygium recurrence and causes reduction of the degree of corneal astigmatism and visual acuity increase.
Balloon dacryoplasty in the treatment of recurrent dacryocystitis
Authors: Zhukov Oleg V. , At’kova Evgenia L. , Krakhovetskiy Nikolay N.
Published: March 2020

Causes of the recurrence after dacryocystorhinostomy are errors during surgery (small size of the bone window, wrong localization of the dacryostomy (too high or too low); inadequate formation of flaps at the medial wall of the lacrimal sac and at the mucosa of the nasal cavity) or problems occurring in the follow-up period (granulation in ostium area, synechiae between the structures of the nasal cavity near the dacryostomy, canaliculi ostium obliteration). A literature review considers various methods of dacryocystitis recurrence treatment both with external and endonasal approaches. In published studies, promising results were obtained using balloon dacryoplasty in the dacryostomy area after dacryocystitis relapse.
The effect of preset intraoperative intraocular pressure during phacoemulsification on the blood flow velocity in the central retinal artery
Authors: Takhtaev Yuri V. , Kiseleva Tatyana N. , Shliakman Roman B.
Published: March 2020

Aim. To evaluate the effect of preset elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) level during phacoemulsification on central retina artery and central retinal vein hemodynamics and to determine possible compensatory mechanisms of the ocular blood flow autoregulation in response to intraoperational IOP jump.
Methods. This prospective study included 23 cataract patients without concomitant ocular vascular conditions (15 women and 8 men) aged from 62 to 83 years. The mean age was 72.5 5.7 years. In all patients, an intraoperational color duplex scanning in the regimens of color Doppler imaging and pulsed wave velocity imaging using ultrasound scanner Logiq S8 (GE). The blood flow was estimated in retrobulbar vessels: central retinal artery, central retinal vein with maximal systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity of the blood flow, and resistance index (RI). The investigation was performed under IOP control, which was measured using Icare Pro tonometer, and under blood pressure control using patient monitoring system Draeger Vista 120. In the operating room, ocular blood flow was examined three times: immediately before surgery, straight after the surgical incision sealing at preset intraoperational IOP level, and after IOP normalization and repeated sealing of the corneal tunnel.
Results. Under preset intraoperational IOP maintenance on 58.01 8.10 mm Hg level, there was a clinically significant (p 0.05) decrease of blood flow velocity in the central retinal artery. In 30.4% of cases, the blood flow velocity in the central retinal artery during diastolic phase was not registered. The flow velocity in central retinal vein did not change significantly, and did not depend on IOP level (p 0.05).
Conclusions. At the 5560 mm Hg IOP level, in humans, compensatory blood flow autoregulation mechanisms in response to intraoperational IOP jumps are absent, up to complete blood flow stop in the central retinal artery at the diastolic phase, and this could be a risk factor for retinal ischemia.
Modern extrascleral surgery in the treatment of regmatogenous retinal detachment: efficacy evaluation and functional results
Authors: Shchukin Andrey D.
Published: March 2020

The basic principles of extrascleral surgery, which are currently used in the treatment of regmatogenous retinal detachment (RD), have not changed much since their heyday in the 7080s of the 20th century, and they remain relevant both as an independent method to treat this disease in certain clinical cases, and in combination with vitrectomy.

The aim is to evaluate the efficacy of RD extrascleral treatment methods (anatomical result, visual acuity), as well as the frequency and timing of the relapses.

Materials and methods. The study was carried out at the vitreoretinal department of the Ophthalmological Center of the City Hospital No. 2 of St. Petersburg. A sample of 466 patients with RD, operated with extrascleral methods in 20152016 has been analyzed. Anatomical results, visual acuity, number and timing of relapses have been assessed.

Results. The efficacy of extrascleral surgery reaches 89%, RD recurrence after surgical treatment occurs in 21% of patients.
Modern opportunities for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory eye diseases of an infectious nature in children
Authors: Brzheskiy Vladimir V.
Published: March 2020

The development of inflammatory diseases of the cornea and conjunctiva, as well as the occurrence of infectious complications of intraocular surgery, are largely associated with the presence of saprophytic and pathogenic microflora in the conjunctival cavity. This circumstance is more characteristic of children. At the same time, the possibilities of antibacterial therapy of inflammatory eye diseases of bacterial and chlamydial etiology, as well as perioperative prophylaxis of infectious complications of intraocular surgical procedures in children, have significantly expanded today. The widespread use of fluoroquinolones has significantly improved the treatment of children with acute and chronic bacterial conjunctivitis, keratitis, blepharitis, meibomyitis, chalazion, as well as those with chronic conjunctivitis of chlamydial etiology. At the same time, levofloxacin fluoroquinolone of the 3rd generation, which is used in our country in the form of a 0.5% solution as eye drops Oftaquix (Santen, Finland), has demonstrated high efficacy for this purpose. The widespread introduction of the original 0.5% levofloxacin (Oftaquix), in the treatment regimen for children with inflammatory diseases of the cornea and conjunctiva, as well as for a perioperative prevention of infectious complications of surgical procedures involving them, is a promising way to solve the problem.
Some Short and Important Explications about Semiotics
Authors: Otte Michael Friedrich , Abido Alexandre Silva , Barros Luiz Gonzaga Xavier de , Paula Luciene de , Santana Geslane Figueiredo da Silva
Published: March 2020

That language is essential to the human nature has never been doubted. However, nowadays it becomes more and more obvious that language is not enough to characterize our destinations, because the relationship between nature and society seem essential when reflecting on the development or destination of humanity. Starting from the belief that semiotics provides the basis of a new conceptualization and understanding of humanity in its relations to nature as well as within the context of social history this paper tries to introduce some related semiotic concepts and provide basic orientations for further research in the philosophy of science as well as cognitive theory.
 
Keywords: Saussure. Peirce. Semiotics. Complementarity of intension and extension.
 
Resumo
Que a linguagem é essencial para a natureza humana jamais foi posta em dúvida. No entanto, atualmente torna-se cada vez mais evidente que a linguagem não é suficiente para caracterizar nossos destinos, pois a relação entre natureza e sociedade parece essencial para refletir sobre o desenvolvimento ou destino da humanidade. Partindo da crença de que a semiótica fornece a base de uma nova conceituação e compreensão da humanidade em suas relações com a natureza, bem como dentro do contexto da história social, este artigo busca introduzir alguns conceitos semióticos relacionados e fornecer orientações básicas para futuras pesquisas na filosofia da ciência, assim como na teoria cognitiva.
 
Palavras-chave: Saussure. Peirce. Semiótica. Complementaridade de intensão e extensão.
Some inequalities for maximum modulus of rational functions
Authors: Mir Abdullah
Published: March 2020

In this paper, we establish some inequalities for rational functions with prescribed poles and restricted zeros in the sup-norm on the unit circle in the complex plane. Generalizations and refinements of rational function inequalities of Govil, Li, Mohapatra and Rodriguez are obtained.
Growth of a polynomial not vanishing in a disk
Authors: Mir Abdullah
Published: March 2020

This paper deals with the problem of finding some upper bound estimates for the maximum modulus of the derivative and higher order derivatives of a complex polynomial on a disk under the assumption that the polynomial has no zeros in another disk. The estimates obtained strengthen the well-known inequality of Ankeny and Rivlin about polynomials.
Logarithmic norms and regular perturbations of differential equations
Authors: Banasiak Jacek
Published: March 2020

In this note we explore the concept of the logarithmic norm of a matrix and illustrate its applicability by using it to find conditions under which the convergence of solutions of regularly perturbed systems of ordinary differential equations is uniform globally in time.
Human Capital: Driving Force of Economic Growth in Selected Emergine Economies
Authors: Awan Abdul Ghafoor
Published: March 2020

Human capital is the stock of competencies, knowledge and personality attributes deem vital to produce economic value. It is the attributes gained by a worker through education, training and experience.  According to modern growth theory, the accumulation of human capital is an important contributor to economic growth. Numerous cross-country studies extensively explore whether educational attainment can contribute significantly to the production of overall output in an economy. The objective of this paper is to investigate the role of human capital in the fast economic growth of BRIC countries like Brazil, Russia, India and China during 2000-2011 and to assess sustainability of growth in future. The study is descriptive in nature because it mostly involves the description of the situation of human capital in the BRIC countries and measuring change in the selected important variables that is human capital and policy initiative and its effects on the BRIC economies. As the change in the selected variables is clearly visible there is no need to use regression analysis technique. The author has applied statistical techniques such as trend analysis, content analysis and ratio analysis to measure change in the selected variables wherever it is necessary. The findings of the study are interesting and divergent because the human capital development has played a vital role in the fast economic growth of China, India and Brazil while Russia, which was endowed with human capital right from the beginning, could not materialize the potential of human capital during its transition period from planned economy to market economy since 1990s, which is very much surprising. This appears the policy failure to capitalize the valuable human capital to accelerate economic growth. It has resulted in the scaling down of Russia to middle income economy. In contrast, India, China and Brazil have been fully utilizing their human capital potential by following human developing policies and this factor not only has triggered their economic growth but also alleviated poverty in there. GEL Classification Code: F43; J24
Effects of Interpersonal Problems at Workplace on Job Involvement
Authors: Ahmed Mozumdar Arifa
Published: March 2020

Job involvement plays an important role to create positive job attitude which indicates strong psychological bonding of an employee to his or her job. On the other hand interpersonal problems at workplace make job conflict, increase job stress which is threatening to create positive job attitudes. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between interpersonal problems and job involvement, to explore how different types of interpersonal problems effect on job involvement and to examine the problem areas of interpersonal relationship in workplace that can create negative impact on job involvement. The measuring instruments used in this study were: Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP-64) (Alden, Wiggins, Pincus & Horowitz, 2000) for measuring different types of interpersonal problems. And Work Involvement Scale (Kanungo, 1982) for measuring job involvement. According to the objective of the present study the obtain data were analyzed using Pearson product moment correlation and simple regression. The survey results revealed that interpersonal problem is negatively correlated to job involvement. The study also found that the people who are mostly face problems in cold / distant, overly accommodating and intrusive/needy domains in case of interpersonal relationship; they are more at risk to be less involved with job. JEL Classification Code: M12
Goodness of Cloud Computing: does Bangladesh ready for it
Authors: Hasan Md. Ahsan ul
Published: March 2020

Technology is playing a vital role in all aspect of our lives. Last decade has seen information and communication technologies dramatically transforming the world, enabling innovation and productivity increases, connecting people and communities, and improving standards of living and opportunities across the world. Even though global economy has been turbulent during last several years, governments and organizations trying to keep the momentum going and last couple of years “Cloud Computing” becoming fast-growing technology phenomenon. Cloud Computing can provide fundamental contribution to efficiency in public and private sectors as well as it can also promote growth, competition and business creation. The purpose of this study is to portrait whether developing countries like Bangladesh can be benefited from cloud computing, and also finds out Bangladesh’s readiness to take full advantage of it. JEL Classification Code: L86; C89