CORRELATION BETWEEN BMI AND GONADOTROPIN HORMONES IN THE FEMALE GENDER
Authors: ELEZI Adelina , BEADINI Sheqibe , KOSTOVSKA Irena , ZIBERI Egzona 
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The pituitary gland affects growth and development. Its main function is in the activity of sexual/reproductive hormones and in the functioning of the glands (thyroid gland, adrenal glands and gonads). Gonadotropin hormones (gonadostimulins) are so named because they stimulate the function of the gonads - male and female sex glands (testicles and ovaries) in which sex cells - sperm and egg cells are created. Overweight is a state of metabolic disorders where excess body fat accumulates to the extent that it can negatively affect human health. Obesity as a BMI factor is related to the functioning of the thyroid gland with its hormones and the pituitary gland with gonadotropin hormones. Purpose of the study: This paper aims to present the correlation between BMI and gonadotropin hormones in reproductive and postmenopausal women. The aim of the paper will also consist in the status of gonadotropin hormones and the functional state of these hormones by comparing them with metabolic disorders such as BMI, obesity and the synthesis of follicle stimulating hormone and gonadotropin hormone. Material and method: A total of 20 patients will be included in the research, divided according to age group into two categories. The first group will include patients aged 10-40 years, the second group patients over 41 years old. Blood (serum) samples will be taken from patients for analyzing gonadotropin hormones: FSH, LH, PRL and thyroid hormones: TSH, FT4, FT3. They will be analyzed with the modern automatic fluorescent enzyme immunoassay method (Vidas-Biomerie). The BMI of the body will be measured with a metric formula where the weight of the patient (in kg) divided by the height of the patient (in m2) set to the square power will give us the measure of body index-BMI (%). SPSS – Software package version 20.0 Numerical series were analyzed using central tendency measures (average, median, minimum values, maximum values), as well as distribution measures (standard deviation); To determine the regularity of the frequency distribution of the examined variables, the Shapiro-Wilk W Test was used; Non-parametric tests for two independent parameters were used to test the significance and difference between some numerical parameters with irregular frequency distribution (Mann Whitney U test); To determine statistical significance, a two-way analysis was used with a significance level (means) of p<0.05. Results: The results of the research will give a real insight into the data of gonadotropic hormones FSH, LH, PRL and thyroid hormones TSH, FT4, FT3 of the female sex in the Tetova region. The results of the research will also provide information about the correlation of BMI and gonadotropin and thyroid hormones. Conclusion: From the analyzes performed on patients of different age groups we come to the conclusion that: • Gonadotropin hormonal disorders can lead to the phenomenon of metabolic diseases such as BMI. • These disorders can have consequences such as: polycystic ovary diseases in women, Hashimoto's genetic syndrome, Graves, infertility in women, etc.