bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS OF INDICATORS OF THE PASTE BASED ON SOUR CREAM
Authors: Kochubei-Lytvynenko Oksana , Marynin Andrii , Yushchenko Natalya , Kuzmyk Ulyana , Lazarenko Maxim
Published: December 2017

For forming structural-mechanical properties of sour milk pastes and guaranteeing their stability at storage, it is promising to use non-fried buckwheat in their recipes that allows to raise the food value of products additionally.

The aim of the researches was the study of features of the condition of moisture of sour milk pastes, based on sour cream with introducing non-fried buckwheat in the amount 5,0 % of the mixture mass. A sample with modified starch Е 1410 was taken as a control in the amount 1,3 %.

The study of the moisture condition was realized by the thermogravimetric method using a derivatograph Q-1500D (Paulik-Erdey) (Hungry). It was established, that the content of adsorptive moisture of the sour milk paste was 34,0 %, whereas in the control – 34,5 %, that confirm the effectiveness of using non-fried buckwheat as a moisture-binding component. Such properties of non-fried buckwheat may be explained by the presence of starch compounds and easily accessible protein in its composition, able to hydration in the process of preparation of a component and to keeping moisture at further storage of a product.
Uso de Artefatos de Contabilidade Gerencial por Organizações Sem Fins Lucrativos: um Estudo Multicasos à Luz da Teoria da Contingência
Authors: Godoy João Gabriel Vasconcellos , Raupp Fabiano Maury
Published: December 2017

O objetivo do estudo consistiu em analisar o uso de artefatos de contabilidade gerencial por organizações sem fins lucrativos de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, realizada por meio de um estudo multicasos, com abordagem qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados a partir de entrevistas semi estruturadas, além de levantamento de dados secundários. Estes dados foram analisados por meio da técnica da uma análise de conteúdo. Em termos de resultados, foi descrito o uso de artefatos de contabilidade gerencial pelas referidas organizações, identificadas as razões para adoção destes artefatos, e analisada a relação entre características contingenciais e o uso dos artefatos. No caso da Nova Acrópole Florianópolis, a existência de um stakeholder com poder normativo social unilateral levou ao uso de controles formalizados e padronização de atividades. O desempenho do papel estratégico de Expressão de Valores através de atividades de avaliação subjetiva levou à demanda por artefatos de mensuração de desempenho. Nos casos do IEB e da AMUCC, o custeio variável é adotado por demanda de financiadores pela gestão por projetos. Particularmente em relação ao IEB, a adoção de artefatos de contabilidade gerencial por meio do isomorfismo normativo é potencializada pela existência de um stakeholder com poder utilitário. Em relação ao IVG, atividades de avaliação subjetiva levam à adoção de artefatos de controle como medidas de desempenho.
Systemic Sclerosis and Other Connective Tissue Diseases
Authors: Denton Christopher P.
Published: December 2017

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an important and relatively frequent complication of connective tissue disease (CTD). It is most often seen as a complication of systemic sclerosis and mixed CTD, but is also recognized in systemic lupus erythematosus and other related conditions. Although PH is defined hemodynamically by mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) of ≥25 mm Hg at right heart catheterization, and may have a variety of mechanisms, it is World Health Organization (WHO) Group 1 pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) that has deservedly received the most attention in CTD. The inclusion of cases of precapillary PH without other explanation or concurrent lung fibrosis in WHO Group 1 led to availability of licensed therapies and increased the need for screening and treatment. Approaches are now available that detect PAH, and optimal approaches to therapy are included in expert and evidence-based recommendations. Challenges include borderline elevation of mPAP, comorbidity, and mixed-etiology cases. Overall outcomes have improved, and new clinical trials are being performed that will hopefully build on recent progress to further improve outcomes. Other aspects of PH in CTD to consider include forms related to cardiac disease and lung fibrosis or hypoxia, as these may occur as complications of the underlying CTD. Thromboembolic disease may also occur and represents another important differential diagnosis. Finally, it has been reported that pulmonary veno-occlusive disease may occur, which raises diagnostic and treatment difficulties. Overall, there are major challenges in CTDPH, but also opportunities for effective multispecialty care and early detection and diagnosis of potentially treatable cases of PAH.
Benign Cystic Mesothelioma in a Girl
Authors: Singh Aditya Pratap , Gupta Arun Kumar , Barolia Dinesh Kumar , Mathur Vinay
Published: December 2017

Benign cystic mesothelioma (BCM) is an uncommon tumor. A 9-year-old girl presented with acute abdominal pain and vomiting for the last 24 hours. Ultrasound abdomen and contrast enhanced CT scan were suggestive of cystic lesion. At laparotomy, a cystic mass arising from the peritoneum was found, which was excised completely. On histopathological examination it was diagnosed as benign mesothelioma.
Left Sided Gastroschisis
Authors: Soomro Sirajuddin
Published: December 2017

Please see fulltext
Morbidity in an Infant by Superabsorbent Polymer Ingestion
Authors: Tan Chor Lip Henry , Jih Huei Tan , A/P Vellusamy V Muthualhagi
Published: December 2017

Superabsorbent polymer (SAP) ingestion is a potentially dangerous condition and may lead to morbidity and mortality. A 22-month-old girl presented with intestinal obstruction. At operation a SAP was found as a cause of intestinal obstruction. The child underwent second surgery for anastomotic leak and ileostomy was made.
Live Attenuated Reassortant Vaccines Based on A/Leningrad/134/17/57 Master Donor Virus Against H5 Avian Influenza
Authors: Kiseleva Irina , Larionova Natalie , Rudenko Larisa
Published: December 2017

Background:

The H5N1 avian influenza was first recognized in humans in Hong Kong 20 years ago. Current enzootic spread of highly pathogenic H5N1 virus among wild and domestic poultry and a number of severe human respiratory diseases caused by this pathogen have stimulated necessity of development of potentially pandemic influenza vaccines.

Discussion:

In the past few years, significant research was conducted on how to prevent H5N1 influenza. Live, attenuated cold–adapted reassortant influenza vaccine (LAIV) is considered as one of the most promising candidates for pandemic and prepandemic vaccines. LAIV has proven to be safe and efficacious; pandemic LAIV might be more effective than inactivated vaccine in providing broader immune response.

Conclusion:

This review covers development of LAIVs against potential avian “pandemic” H5N1 subtype based on cold–adapted A/Leningrad/134/17/57 (H2N2) master donor virus backbone, and their preclinical and clinical studies.
Overview of Provisions for Import of Medical Devices into India under Central Licensing Approval Authority (CLAA) Scheme and Medical Device Rules, 2017
Authors: Sethi Rohin , Popli Harvinder
Published: December 2017

Background: The Government of India regulates medical devices through a specialized
division called, Medical Device and Diagnostics Division, CDSCO, Min of Health and Family
Welfare. Earlier, only 14 categories of Medical Devices, called Notified Devices were regulated
under CLAA scheme for the purpose Manufacture, Import, Sale and Distribution. On 17th October
2016, a draft of rules, called Medical Device Rules, was published by Ministry of Health and
Family Welfare, in Official Gazette, for feedback from industry.

Objective: In this paper we would examine the provisions for import of Medical Devices under
CLAA scheme and Medical Device Rules, 2017 and make easier to grasp the regulatory system of
India for any manufacturer who wishes to enter Indian Market.

Discussion: After due consideration, the Medical Device Rules, 2017 were passed and set for implementation
by 1st January 2018. This will create a separate registration and oversight system for
drugs and medical devices. Drug Controller General of India would remain the Licensing Authority
for Import of devices under the new system. Indian Medical Device Industry is primarily import
oriented. Indian Market presently offers tremendous opportunities for high-end sophisticated
device manufacturers as most of the high end innovative products are imported into the country.
The import of medical devices for the year 2016, stood at $208,230.65 million.
ACHIEVEMENT IN ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION IN RELATION TO MENTAL HEALTH OF THE STUDENTS AT UNDER GRADUATE LEVEL
Authors: Sambasivarao R.
Published: December 2017

Environment is a global concept today. Environmental education is a process that allows individuals to explore environmental issues, engage in problem solving, and take action to improve the environment. As a result, individuals develop a deeper understanding of environmental issues and have the skills to make informed and responsible decisions. Environmental Education is an approach to learning. Environmental education refers to organized efforts to teach how natural environments function, and particularly, how human beings can manage behavior and ecosystems to live sustainably. It is a multi-disciplinary field integrating disciplines such as biology, chemistry, physics, ecology, earth science, atmospheric science, mathematics, and geography. Today our environment is being destructed due to various factors. One of the major causes of environmental destruction is human activities. Man with his great skill and adaptive power has brought lot of changes. It is time to realize that our Earth has limited resources. Educators and environment specialists are stressing that solution to the environment crises will require environmental awareness and understanding. Environmental awareness means to help social groups and individuals to acquire an awareness and sensitivity to the total environment and its allied problems. The importance of environmental awareness cannot be overemphasized. We must understand that to improve the environment is to improve the quality of life. Environmental education programs need to be planned nationally as there is difference in the environmental priorities. Fast growing populations, high .intensity agriculture, human settlements and slum improvement, introduction of modern transport systems, increasing demands for energy and industrialization are the environmental priorities for developing countries whereas over exploitation of resources, industrial pollution and waste disposal are the main environmental priorities for developed countries. The present paper discusses about achievement in Environmental Education in relation to Mental Health, Environmental Awareness and streams at students of under graduation level
Potential for Information Technology in the Workplace: Investigating the Perceptions of Primary Care Dietitians (Preprint)
Authors: Jones Aimee , Mitchell Lana J , O'Connor Rochelle , Rollo Megan E , Slater Katherine , Williams Lauren T , Ball Lauren
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUND

Chronic disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The primary health care setting is an effective avenue for the management and prevention of chronic disease, and dietitians working in this setting assist the management of chronic disease modifiable risk factors. However, healthcare professionals report challenges in providing care in this setting, due to time and financial constraints. Information technology offers the potential to improve health care quality, safety, efficiency and cost-efficiency, but there is limited understanding of dietitians’ application of technology in this setting.

OBJECTIVE

This study explored the perceptions of primary care dietitians about using information technology in their workplace.

METHODS

Twenty Australian primary care dietitians were recruited for semi-structured telephone interviews. Interview questions aimed to gain an understanding of dietitians’ perceptions about sharing patient outcomes through a national database, and the benefits, disadvantages, feasibility and barriers of using information technology. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed for emerging themes and sub-themes. The technologies used by participants were collated by name and researched for their key attributes.

RESULTS

Four distinct themes emerged from the data (i) information technology improving efficiency of practice tasks, (ii) experiencing barriers to using information technology in practice, (iii) information technology enhancing outcomes through education and monitoring, and (iv) information technology for sharing information with others. Participants identified several advantages and disadvantages with using technology, and expressed a willingness to share patient outcomes using an online database.

CONCLUSIONS

This study suggests that information technology is perceived to have benefits to dietitians and patients in primary health care. However, to achieve the optimal benefit, support is required to overcome barriers to better integrate information technology into practice. Further development of patient management systems and standardized online data collection systems is needed to support better usage by dietitians.
Comparison Analysis of Dust-Depressor Using Microbial Induced Carbonate Precipitation with Urease Reagent
Authors: Xiao Jun , Huang Juan , Jiang Yao-dong , Chong Cao , Zhang Lei , Zhang Xue
Published: December 2017

The dust-depressors have been developed utilizing a method of microbial induced carbonate precipitation. This microbial dust-depressor has the characteristics of high efficiency for dust suppression and environmental protection. Optimal compositions of urease dust-depressor and microbial dust-depressor have been studied. In addition, pure water, CaCl2 and super absorbent polymer are chosen to compare with new dust-depressors on the performances. The results showed that the microbial dust-depressor had 3.13 mm/min of seepage velocity and 79.1% of dust suppression efficiency, which were superior to other dust-depressors on the performance of seepage velocity and dust suppression efficiency.
Innovate to Mitigate: Science Learning in an Open-Innovation Challenge for High School Students
Authors: Puttick Gillian , Drayton Brian , Drayton Abe
Published: December 2017

In this exploratory study, we report results from hosting two rounds of an open innovation competition challenging young people age 13-18 to develop a method for carbon mitigation. In both challenges, teams worked within the classroom and extensively on their own time out-of-school. The challenges were structured to engage participants to work collaboratively and independently in an open-ended, goal-oriented way, yet constrained their work by the parameters of the challenge, and supported it by a suite of tools, and resources. Evidence of learning science concepts and practices, student persistence, and the enthusiasm of participants, teachers and coaches, convince us that the Challenge structure and format is highly worthy of further development and investigation. Our findings indicate that Challenges such as this have the potential to enlarge the “ecosystem” of learning environments in the formal education system.
ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIALS AND SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF QUERCETIN, RUTIN, AND GALLIC ACID IN CURCUMA SPECIES
Authors: M Sowmya Priya , A Sangilimuthu , M Karpagavalli , M Ramkumar , A Josphin Nirmala
Published: December 2017

Objective: This study was designed to provide simple and cost-effective methods to quantify the biologically active phenolic compounds such as rutin, quercetin, and gallic acid from Curcuma species and evaluation of the antioxidant potentials of different parts with different solvent extracts of Curcuma species.Methods: Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer was used for the analysis of quercetin, rutin, gallic acid and total flavonoid content of Curcuma species extracts. Antioxidant potentials of Curcuma species extracts were evaluated using 2-2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity.Results: Ethyl acetate extract of Curcuma aromatica rhizome, aerial part contain higher quantity of quercetin and rutin compared to the other extracts, and also Curcuma species such as Curcuma longa and Curcuma amada contains high antioxidant capacity. The total flavonoid content was high in ethyl acetate extract of Curcuma aromatica as 88.35±0.25 μg/g dry weight of quercetin equivalents.Conclusion: Different extracts of Curcuma species possess good free radical scavenging activity and the IC50 of Curcuma amada aerial part, Curcuma longa aerial part, and Curcuma aromatica rhizome was 61.65±1.75, 62.95±1.85, and 89.40±0.15 (μg/ml), respectively. The Curcuma species contains high total phenolic compounds and antioxidant potentials.
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON BARLERIA PRIONITIS (L.)
Authors: Singh Kamini , Sharma Deepika , Rs Gupta
Published: December 2017

Barleria prionitis is a famous perennial plant commonly known as porcupine flower or Vajradanti. It is a shrub with yellow flowers and two flat seeds shielded with matted hairs, inhabit most parts of India. Various parts of the plant such as leaves, roots, aerial parts, flowers, and stems are used in the traditional system of medicine. Conventionally, various infusions are prepared using the plant parts and utilized for the treatment of different kinds of diseases. Owing to its incredible odontalgic property, it is extensively used in treating bleeding gums and toothache. From the pharmacological point, the plant has been effectively screened for antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antifertility, antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, hepatoprotective, antihypertensive, anticancer, and anticataract activities. Compounds such as tannins, saponins, glycosides, phenolic acids, phytosterols, and terpenes have been identified in the plant. The plant contains some specific compounds such as barlenoside, barlerine, acetylbarlerine, and balarenone and some common secondary metabolites such as lupeol, β-sitosterol, vanillic acid, and syringic acid. This review provides morphological, ethnomedical, pharmacological, and phytochemical data of the plant B. prionitis.
DECREASEMENT OF LYSOPHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE LEVEL, NF-KB EXPRESSION, INTIMA MEDIA THICKNESS AND IMPROVEMENT OF INSULIN RESISTANCE BY DARAPLADIB TREATMENT: IN VIVO STUDIES OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RAT MODEL
Authors: Wihastuti Titin Andri , Andiyani Dinda Zahra Putri , Andarini Sri , Heriansyah Teuku
Published: December 2017

Objective: Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is an enzyme with several pro-inflammatory properties that involved in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, but some investigation shows controversial views regarding its biological role. We examined the effect of selective inhibitor of Lp-PLA2 (darapladib) to the inflammation marker, intima-media thickness (IMT), and insulin resistance (IR) of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rat model. This study aimed to measure lysophosphatidylcholine (lyso-PC) in serum and aortic tissue, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) expression, IMT, and IR with darapladib treatment in a T2DM rat model.Methods: 30 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group, T2DM group and T2DM with darapladib treatment. Induction of T2DM was done by giving high-fat diet and low dose injection of streptozotocin. Blood glucose level and insulin plasma concentration were measured to calculate IR. 8 weeks and 16 weeks after treatment, we compared lyso-PC level, NF-κB expression, and IMT.Results: Darapladib significantly decreased lyso-PC level, NF-κB expression, and IMT at two serial treatments. Darapladib treatment group exhibited significant reduction of IR (0.64±0.11 vs. 2.07±0.16, at 8 weeks; and 0.93±0.08 vs. 6.48±0.55 at 16 weeks) compared with T2DM group.Conclusions: These data suggested that Lp-PLA2 played a role in inflammation process, atherosclerosis, and IR occurring in metabolic disorder.
TARGETING THE TARGET USING NANOPARTICLES - A REVIEW
Authors: G Aravinthrajkumar , R Gayathri , V Vishnupriya
Published: December 2017

The challenge of drug delivery is the liberation of drug agents at the right time in a safe and reproducible manner, usually to a specific target site. Conventional dosage forms, such as orally administered pills and subcutaneous or intravenous injection, are the predominant routes for drug administration. However, pills and injections offer limited control over the rate of drug release into the body; usually, they are involved in an immediate release of the drug. This article is about how nanoparticles can be used as an effective drug delivery system to target the drug to a specific location or organ.
IN SILICO STUDIES FOR VARIOUS ANTIBACTERIAL BENZIL AND ITS SUBSTITUTED ANALOGS
Authors: G Nithya , R Sudha , P Brindha Devi , Kanakam Charles C
Published: December 2017

Objective: The antibacterials have moved on to low levels by more challenges toward antibacterial discovery of drug over an earlier period of 30 years. The resistance pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), and Streptococcus pneumoniae are nowadays facing difficulty in effective treatment. This leads to the necessary for the new discovery of drugs for antibacterial activity. The foremost disease in the world among all the infectious disease is found to tuberculosis (TB) which causes high proportions of mortality. Hence, we have decided on identifying the leads for the target of enzymes of infectious disease TB.Methods: The new leads for MTB have been discovered using computer-aided drug design docking tool. The new compounds identified were made to dock into the enzyme active site retrieved from protein data bank.Results: After three different docking strategies, the score was found to be 4.558 kcal mol−1 for the compound 2’-chloro-4-methoxy-3-nitro benzyl in structure activity relationship and docking studies.Conclusion: The molecule shows valuable interactions and also it is found to be surrounded by non-polar amino acids. On further analyzing the compound it is found to be potent to antibacterial drug discovery.
ESTIMATION OF CARDIAC SURGERY RESULTS
Authors: Charyshkin Alexey Leonidovich , Yudin Alexander Nikolaevich
Published: December 2017

Objective: Estimation of cardiac surgery results after median sternal incision.Methods: This work contains the results of surgical treatment of 220 patients who had cardiac surgeries performed by means of the median sternal incision at the State Healthcare Institution “Ulyanovsk Regional Clinical Hospital” during 2000–2014.Results: The following surgical interferences were made: Coronary artery bypass grafting – 14 (6.3%), mammary coronary bypass – 5 (2.3%), combined coronary artery and mammary coronary bypass grafting – 81 (36.8%), aortic valve replacement – 53 (24.1%), mitral valve replacement – 44 (20%), atrial septal defect plasty – 7 (3.2%), ventricular septal defect plasty – 3 (1.4%), myxomas – 5 (2.3%), and mediastinal neoplasms removal – 8 (3.6%). The most frequent early complications after median sternal incision were wound pyoinflammatory complications that were observed in 32 (14.5%) patients, pneumonia – defined in 17 (7.7%) patients, mediastinitis – found in 5 (2.3%) patients, sepsis – detected in 2 (0.9%) patients, and acute cerebrovascular disease – observed in 1 (0.5%) patient. The fatal outcome was observed in 2 (0.9%) cases; the cause of death of the first (0.5%) patient was multiple organ failure against the background of sepsis, and the cause of death of the second patient (0.5%) was acute cerebrovascular disease.Conclusion: The most frequent early post-operative complications the patients have after cardiac surgeries are wound pyoinflammatory complications (14.5%), pneumonia (7.7%), and mediastinitis (2.3%).
A RAPID AND SENSITIVE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY- MASS SPECTROMETRY/MASS SPECTROMETRY METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF PIOGLITAZONE, KETO PIOGLITAZONE AND HYDROXY PIOGLITAZONE IN HUMAN PLASMA
Authors: Ponnuri Revathi Naga Lakshmi , Pragallapati Prahlad , N Ravindra , Mandava Venkata Basaveswara Rao
Published: December 2017

Objective: The main objective of the work was to develop a straightforward, fast and selective liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay for determination of pioglitazone (PG), keto pioglitazone (KPG), and hydroxy pioglitazone (HPG) in human plasma and to validate as per recent guidelines.Methods: Analyte and the internal standard (IS) were extracted from plasma through liquid-liquid extraction and chromatographed on a Xterra RP18, 100×4.6, 5 μ column using methanol: acetonitrile mixture and 10 mM Ammonium formate buffer (70:30, v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min. The API-3200 Q Trap LC-MS/MS instrument in multiple reaction monitoring mode was used for detection. Diphenhydramine was utilized as IS.Results: The linearity was established in the concentration range of 20.15-1007.58 ng/mL for PG, 20.35-1017.58 ng/mL for KPG, and 19.68-491.22 ng/mL for HPG in human plasma. All the validation parameters were well within the acceptance limits.Conclusion: A new simple LC-MS/MS method was developed for the determination of PG, KPG, and HPG in human plasma. This method can be easily applied for the estimation of pharmacokinetic parameters of PG, KPG, and HPG.
LEPTIN AND ADIPONECTIN LEVELS OF ASTHMATIC IRAQI CHILDREN IN HILLA PROVINCE
Authors: Nazarmamoori Afrah Al , Ewadh Mufeedjalil , Alqaysi Suhayr Essa
Published: December 2017

Objective: To assess the serum leptin and adiponectin in Iraqi children with asthma and compare it with healthy controls in Hilla province.Methods: Leptin and adiponectin were measured in 100 children; 60 newly diagnosed with asthma and 40 non-asthmatic children with a comparable age and sex were enrolled in this study. Asthmatic children subdivided into two groups; 30 patients in each group (obese and non-obese). The age of patients and control ranged between 2 and 12 years. The study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, leptin and adiponectin were estimated by enzyme-linked immunoassay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique.Results: An increase in leptin and decrease adiponectin levels in the obese group than in non-obese asthmatic and control groups, with significant difference (p<0.04) and (p<0.03), respectively.Conclusion: Among obese asthmatic Iraqi children, increase and decrease levels of leptin and adiponectin, respectively, indicate the significant association between adipokines and obesity in asthma.
THE EFFECT OF MAHKOTA DEWA (PHALERIA MACROCARPA) (SCHEFF.) FRUIT PERICARP EXTRACT ON INOS IN MICE COLON INTERMITTENTLY-INDUCED BY DEXTRAN SODIUM SULFATE
Authors: Kusmardi Kusmardi , Shavera Dilla , Estuningtyas Ari , Tedjo Aryo , Priyosoeryanto Bambang
Published: December 2017

Objective: The objective of this research was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of Mahkota Dewa fruit pericarp extract (Phaleria macrocarpa) on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in mice colon induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS).Method: The simplisia of P. macrocarpa pericarp was weighed (1000 g) and extracted by maceration process. The total yield of the ethanolic extract was 26.43%. Phytochemical screening was carried out for the detection of the phytoconstituents by simple qualitative methods. The anti-inflammatory activity was performed by DSS-induced colitis model through assessment of hematoxylin-eosin staining and expression of iNOS by immunohistochemistry assay at four different doses, i.e., 650, 1250, 2500, and 5000 mg/kg. Swiss Webster male mice weighing 25-30 g were used for the study.Results: Inflammation score in dose 625, 1250, 2500, and 5000 mg/kg were 1.63, 1.43, 1.32, and 2.20, respectively. This result is significantly different (p=0.008) with DSS group that was 4.37. The results of iNOS optical density score in dose 625, 1250, 2500, and 5000 mg/kg were 1.21, 1.119, 1.22, and 1.37, respectively. This result was significantly different (p=0.000) with DSS group that was 2.24.Conclusion: Pericarp extract of P. macrocarpa fruit exhibited anti-inflammatory activity in the experimental model shown by suppressing the expression of inflammatory cell and iNOS.
EFFICACY OF BOERHAAVIA DIFFUSA L. ON DISRUPTION OF GONADOTROPINS AND TESTOSTERONE IN FLUORIDE INTOXICATED MALE RATS
Authors: Aggarwal Shashi , Khan Imtiaza
Published: December 2017

Objective: The present study explored the influence of fluoride exposure on gonadotropins and reproductive hormones.Methods: Male Wistar albino rats weighing 100-150 g were administered with 100, 200, and 300 ppm/kg body weight of sodium fluoride daily for 20 and 40 days. The control group was given 1 ml deionized water/kgbw/day for the same period. At the end of the experimental period, half of the animals were sacrificed and blood serum was collected and testis sample was taken concurrently. Remaining half rats were administrated with two doses (250 mg and 500 mg/kg body weight) of leaf extract of Boerhaavia diffusa L. for another 20 days. Serum level of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, and intratesticular level of testosterone were evaluated.Results: It was found that fluoride intoxication resulted in significant increase in the level of FSH (p<0.01) and LH (p<0.0001) while significant decrease in the serum (p<0.01) and testis (p<0.0001) level of testosterone. A significant (p<0.0001) positive correlation was found between level of serum fluoride and gonadotropins: FSH (20 days, r=0.708 and 40 days, r=0.795) and LH (20 days, r=0.779 and 40 days, r=0.891). However, there was significant (p<0.0001) negative correlation existed between serum fluoride and testosterone levels in serum (20 days, r=−0.780 and 40 days, r=−0.862) as well as testis (20 days, r=−0.915 and 40 days, r=−0.938).Conclusion: It was found that administration of B. diffusa L. alleviated the adverse effects of fluoride on reproductive endocrine functions.
A CLINICAL STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY OF SAINDHAVADI TAILA MATRA VASTI IN THE MANAGEMENT OF AMAVATA W.S.R. RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: Negi Archana , Pandey Punita , Singh Bhupinder
Published: December 2017

Objective: The objective of the study is to find the efficacy of Saindhavadi Taila Matra Vasti in the management of Amavata (rheumatoid arthritis [RA]).Methods: For the present clinical study 15 patients of Amavata (RA) were registered from the Outpatient Department, PG Department of Kayachikitsa, Rishikul Campus, Haridwar. Saindhavadi Taila Matra Vasti was given 60 ml once daily for 8 days, followed by an interval of 7 days. Again Vasti was given once daily for 8 days followed by gap of 7 days. Same cycle was repeated next month. Assessment of the patients was done on the basis of subjective, objective, and functional parameters at the interval of 15 days.Results: Statistically significant result was found in subjective parameters such as pain intensity, Sandhishotha, Gaurav, Apaka (p<0.01 in each), Jwara, Aruchi, and Utsahahani (p<0.05 in each). Statistically non-significant result was found in all the functional parameters (p>0.05), that is, in grip strength, foot pressure, and goniometry. In biochemical parameters, statistically significant result was found in erythrocyte sedimentation rate only (p<0.05). Although non-significant result was found in other biochemical parameters such as hemoglobin, RA factor, and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration, the mean scores of RA factor and CRP were reduced from 48.7 IU/ml and 10.4 mg/L before treatment to 25.8 IU/ml, 8.2 mg/L after treatment, respectively.Conclusion: In the clinical study, patients got symptomatic relief in many of the complaints but no significant result was found in functional parameters and most of the biochemical parameters. Thus, it can be concluded that Saindhavadi Taila Matra Vasti alone is effective in mild-to-moderate cases of Amavata (RA) and in severe cases it can be used along with oral Ayurvedic formulations for better results.
ASSOCIATION OF LIPID PROFILES WITH 10-YEAR ATHEROSCLEROTIC CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK: STUDY AMONG SUBJECTS IN SLEMAN DISTRICT OF YOGYAKARTA INDONESIA
Authors: Suhadi Rita , Virginia Dita Maria , Setiawan Christianus Heru
Published: December 2017

Objectives: The subjects in the Sleman District of Yogyakarta had medium Framingham risk score (FRS) in the preceding year study. The 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk was a newer risk estimator than FRS. This study aimed to associate the lipid profiles with the ASCVD risk.Methods: The study was conducted with a cross-sectional design and the subjects were selected with cluster random sampling. The association of lipid profiles and ASCVD risk was analyzed with Mann–Whitney/Kruskal–Wallis tests and Spearman’s rho correlation, whereas the categorical scores within sub-groups were analyzed Chi-square statistics, respectively.Results: The eligible subjects (n=221) had the age at 51.7±8.1 years, systolic/diastolic blood pressure 136.8±22.4/85.0±12.4 mmHg, total-cholesterol (total-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride at 202.0±34.9 mg/dl, 52.6±12.5 mg/dl, 126.3±30.0 mg/dl, and 135.9±95.4 mg/dl, respectively; with hypertension treatment 16.7%, smoking 52.9%, diabetes 10.4%, and the median ASCVD risk at 4.4 (0.2-41.4). The ASCVD risk has significant association with non-lipid profiles, total-C, lipid ratio of triglyceride/HDL-C, total-C/HDL-C, and LDL-C/HDL-C, to a lesser extent, HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglyceride.Conclusion: The 10-year ASCVD risk of the subjects was categorized as low and had a significant association with total-C and lipid ratio of triglyceride/ HDL-C, total-C/HDL-C, and LDL-C/HDL-C.
PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION AMONG ADULT POPULATION IN SLUMS OF WEST DELHI
Authors: Dwivedi Supriya , Gonmei Zaozianlungliu , Toteja Gurudayal Singh , Srivastava Nidhi , Vikram Naval Kishore , Rao Spriha , Meena Chetram
Published: December 2017

Objective: The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of hypertension in adult population residing in slums of West Delhi.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among adult population of 18-59 years residing in urban slums of West Delhi. Blood pressure was measured using digital machine (OMRON). The data obtained were analyzed for percent prevalence, mean, standard deviation, and median. Joint National Committee (JNC)on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure (JNC)VI and JNC VII criteria were used to classify hypertension.Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension was 25.3%. The prevalence was higher (27.9%)in males than females (22.8%)and also in the age group 46-59 years (43.0%)as compared to 18-45 years (19.8%). The overall prevalence of prehypertension, Stage I and Stage II hypertension, respectively, was 35.2%, 16.1% and 9.2%.Conclusion: A one-fourth of the adult population is hypertensive. Early diagnosis and treatment are advisable, besides awareness about dietary and lifestyle modification.
IS ACQUISITION OF METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS - AN OCCUPATIONAL HAZARD FOR MEDICAL STUDENTS IN INDIA?
Authors: K Shreyas , M Radhakrishna , Hegde Ashwini , Rao Pooja
Published: December 2017

Objective: The incidence of community-acquired and hospital-acquired Staphylococcus aureus infections has been rising with increasing emergence of drug-resistant strains called methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of carriage rate of MRSA among the interns of tertiary care teaching hospital in Mangalore.Methods: A total of 150 interns were participated, thereby swabs from both anterior nares were collected and processed for S. aureus. The isolated strains of S. aureus were screened for methicillin susceptibility by modified Kirby–Bauer method using cefoxitin (30 μg) disc. Further, antibiotic susceptibility testing for all isolates of S. aureus was also done against selected appropriate antibiotics. Vancomycin susceptibility testing for MRSA was done by E test.Results: The number of strains of S. aureus isolated from our 150 participants was 71 with a percentage rate of 47.3. Of the 71 isolates of S. aureus, one (1.4%) was MRSA. The overall MRSA carriage rate was 0.66%. The S. aureus and MRSA carriage rates recorded in this study were at par and significantly lower, respectively, when compared with other reported studies. It was observed that risk factors such as the use of antibiotics in the past 6 months and smoking were found to be statistically significant in nasal carriage status of S. aureus (<0.05). The only one isolate of MRSA was found to be sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid, and teicoplanin.Conclusion: It was concluded that the acquisition of S. aureus and MRSA would not be an occupational hazard for medical students of developing countries like India.
ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTICANCER POTENTIALS OF BIOFABRICATED SILVER NANOPARTICLES
Authors: Paul Das Merina , Rebecca L Jeyanthi
Published: December 2017

Objective: The objective of this study is to explore a rapid, bio-inspired approach to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using aqueous Nardostachys jatamansi leaf extract and evaluate its antioxidant and cytotoxic activities on human colon carcinoma (HCT-116) cell lines.Methods: The biosynthesized nanoparticles were analyzed using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray, X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Free radical scavenging and cytotoxic studies were carried out at different concentrations of AgNPs (20-100 μg/mL) using antioxidant 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) and mitochondrial function assay methods.Results: Surface plasmon resonance spectrum at 434 nm confirmed the formation of AgNPs. SEM images show biosynthesized AgNPs are mostly spherical shaped within the range of 30.0-58.7 nm. XRD analysis reveals the crystallographic face-centered cubic structure of the AgNPs. Thus, synthesized metal nanoparticles were tested for antioxidant activity by DPPH assay, and anticancer activity was validated by lactate dehydrogenase leakage assay. Significant antioxidant property was observed as compared to standard L-ascorbic acid. Further, AgNPs showed a linear dose-response relationship against HCT-116 cell lines with increasing concentration of AgNPs. At a concentration of 20 μg/mL, AgNPs were able to inhibit the cell line’s growth by less than 9.8 ± 0.7%, whereas 100 μg/mL of AgNPs significantly inhibited the cell line’s growth greater than 90.4 ± 0.25%.Conclusion: The synthesized AgNPs were found to be highly stable and had significant antioxidant and anticancer activity against HCT-116 cell lines. It has wide applications in the biomedical field and can be produced with eco-friendly, rapid scale-up, and easy downstream processing.
EFFECTIVENESS OF LOW-COST CUSTOMIZED SADDLE PILLOW ON PAIN IN POST-EPISIOTOMY PATIENTS
Authors: Krishnan Nair Shalini , M Anbupriya , Vpr Sivakumar
Published: December 2017

Objective: To examine the effectiveness of customized saddle pillow for pain in post-episiotomy patients and also to analyze the duration of sitting for breastfeeding and other functional activities following episiotomy.Methods: A total of 28 postnatal mothers who have undergone episiotomy were included in the study based on the inclusion criteria and were divided conveniently into an experimental group (n=16) and control group (n=12). Both the groups received the conventional physiotherapy protocol, but experimental group patients, in addition, were provided with customized saddle pillow. Customized saddle pillow was used by the patients from postnatal day (PND) 0 to PND 2. Pre- and post-test values for pain were assessed through the numerical pain rating scale (NPRS). In addition, data such as duration of sitting for breastfeeding and other functional activities were collected through sitting tracker.Results: The study manifested the effectiveness of low-cost customized saddle pillow in reducing perineal pain (p=0.01) and increase in sitting duration (p=0.01) in post-episiotomy patients compared to the control group.Conclusion: Among the postnatal mothers selected for the study the mothers who used customized saddle pillow experienced a reduction in pain as well as the better sitting duration for breastfeeding. The research recommends mothers who underwent episiotomy to use the low-cost saddle pillows for healthier breastfeeding and pain-free life.
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PHYTOSTEROLS FROM BIGNONIA VENUSTA (L.)
Authors: Sharma Manoj , Khichar Mukesh Kumar , Rd Agrawal
Published: December 2017

Objective: To isolate phytosterols from Bignonia venusta (L.) and its antimicrobial activity.Introduction: B. venusta is an important medicinal plant known for its vast potential. It is a valuable plant which is commonly used in traditional system of medicine for relieving pain and inflammation, as well as in a number of metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity.Methods: In the present study, phytosterols from B. venusta was identified and quantified in vivo. Phytosterols were identified using chromatographic and spectral studies.Conclusion: B. venusta (L.) is an ideal source of phytosterols and act as antimicrobial agent.
ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF GARCINIA MORELLA CHLOROFORM FRACTION AND ITS ACTIVE COMPOUND GARCINOL ON NEUROBLASTOMA
Authors: Choudhury Bhaswati , Kandimalla Raghuram , Bharali Rupjyoti , Kotoky Jibon
Published: December 2017

Objective: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the anticancer activity of G. morella fruit chloroform fraction and its isolated bioactive molecule garcinol on neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y). Method: Methanol extraction was performed for the G. morella fruits through cold maceration and further fractionated with chloroform. The presence of Garcinol was confirmed by measuring the melting point. Further, the bioactive chloroform fraction and pure Garcinol was tested for anticancer activity against SH-SY5Y cells through MTT assay. Result: The present study reveals the anticancer ability of bioactive chloroform fraction of G. morella fruit and its active molecule garcinol. Conclusion: G. morella fruit and its bioactive compound Garcinol have significant activity against neuroblastoma. This study opens an avenue to further elucidate the mechanism of action and development of alternative treatment of this dreaded disease.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF THREE PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA
Authors: Almawlah Yassir Haider , Alaa Hadeel , Aljelawi Sanaa O
Published: December 2017

Objective: The increasing of antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes serious worldwide infection problems. Hence, the objective of the study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of some plants against multidrug resistance P. aeruginosa isolated from burn-wound infections.Methods: About 30 burn-wound swab samples taken from hospitalized patients in Al-Hillah Teaching Hospital, Babylon Province. P. aeruginosa isolates were isolated and identified depending on cultural, microbial, and biochemical characteristics. Then, the drug susceptibility was detected using different available antibiotics (8) to select multidrug resistance P. aeruginosa strains for using as test organisms. Three types of plants, including onion bulbs (Allium cepa), leaves of mint (Mentha asiatica), and outer peel of pomegranate (Punica granatum), were extracted by three types of solvent. The plant extracts were tested as antimicrobial substances.Results: About 9 samples were found positive by causing bacterial infection who presented invasive burn-wound infection from both sex and average age of 9 to 45 years. P. aeruginosa was found to be the most common isolates, 10 samples out of 30 samples. The most of multidrug resistance P. aeruginosa was used as test organisms to investigate the antimicrobial activity of three types of plant extracts. The plant extract of P. granatum showed the highest antibacterial activity, followed by A. cepa, and finally, M. asiatica.Conclusion: From the study, all three studied plants had antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa isolated from burn wound. It is a recommendation that natural products can use as therapeutic agents will probably not elicit resistance in bacteria. More research must continue to isolate and purify the active components and applied in experimental animal models.
VANILLIN EXTRACTED FROM PROSO MILLET AND BARNYARD MILLET INDUCE APOPTOSIS IN HT-29 AND MCF-7 CELL LINE THROUGH MITOCHONDRIA MEDIATED PATHWAY
Authors: Ramadoss Deepa Priya , Sivalingam Nageswaran
Published: December 2017

Objective: The main aim of the study was to investigate the bioactive compound vanillin extracted from proso millet (compound 1), and barnyard millet (compound 2) induces apoptotic cell death and whether it is mediated through mitochondrial pathway in HT-29 and MCF-7 cell line.Methods: The cells were treated with 250 μg/ml and 1000 μg/ml concentration of extracted vanillin for 48 hrs. Cytochrome c release and expression level of pro-apoptotic protein Bax and caspase-9 were detected by western blot analysis.Results: The results reveal that extracted compounds increased the release of cytochrome c and upregulating the expression of Bax and caspase-9 as concentration increases in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion: The study suggests that the vanillin compound extracted from these millets induces apoptotic cell death through a mitochondria-dependent pathway.
SEIZURES WITH ANTI-SEIZURE DRUG
Authors: Brattiya Keerthana , K Bhuvaneshwari
Published: December 2017

This case study is to report and explore the etiology of a case of refractory seizures due to overdosage of phenytoin tablets. A case report from the Department of Neurology generated through voluntary adverse drug reaction (ADR)reporting stated phenytoin overdosage leading to refractory status epilepticus which did not respond to any of the antiepileptic drugs. A 33-year-old female patient with the history of consumption 15 tablets of phenytoin and a metal ring as part of a suicidal bid a month ago, presented with unconsciousness, persistent seizures, and gangrene of fingers. Magnetic resonance imaging showed generalized atrophic changes of the cerebrum and cerebellum. Electroencephalogram suggested multifocal onset status epilepticus. The patient did not respond to standard emergency treatment of status epilepticus with known antiepileptic drugs and was treated with thiopentone infusion under mechanical ventilation, which controlled her seizures as long as she was maintained under the infusion. Causality analysis using the World Health Organization scale categorizes this ADR as “possible”, as the patient is a known case of seizure disorder with additional cerebral changes. Hence, the disease could have had an influence over the toxic reaction. To conclude, seizures are a rare complication of phenytoin. Seizures can be prevented by evaluating therapeutic plasma concentration of phenytoin. In this case, the patient was on chronic treatment, and due to intentional toxicity, she progressed to a refractory state of seizures. This could have occurred because of the unique kinetic profile of phenytoin, small therapeutic index, genetic variation in drug metabolizing enzymes, and saturated sodium channels.