bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avaliação de Dor em Expressão Facial Neonatal por meio de Redes Neurais Profundas
Authors: Buzuti Lucas F. , Thomaz Carlos E.
Published: September 2021

A avaliação da dor neonatal pode sofrer variações entre proﬁssionais de saúde, resultando em intervenção tardia e tratamento inconsistente da dor. Neste contexto, o objetivo desta dissertação foi analisar, quantitativa e qualitativamente, modelos de Redes Neurais Convolucionais na tarefa de classiﬁcação automática da dor neonatal por meio de imagens de faces de dois bancos de dados distintos (um internacional, denominado COPE, e outro nacional, denominado UNIFESP). Os resultados quantitativos mostraram a superioridade da arquitetura N-CNN para avaliação automática da dor neonatal, com acurácias médias de 87.2% e 78.7% para os bancos de imagens COPE e UNIFESP, respectivamente. No entanto, a análise qualitativa evidenciou que todos os modelos neurais avaliados, incluindo a arquitetura Neonatal Convolutional Neural Network (N-CNN), podem aprender artefatos da imagem e não variações discriminantes das faces, mostrando a necessidade de mais estudos para aplicação de tais modelos na prática clínica em questão.
Pupilometria Dinâmica para Avaliação do Reﬂexo Foto Motor na Detecção da Neuropatia Autonômica Diabética e Relação Glicêmica
Authors: Bonafini Beatriz L. , Ronque Giselle L. F. , Oliveira Lucas F. de
Published: September 2021

A Neuropatia Autonômica é uma das complicações da diabetes por ocasionar danos ao sistema nervoso e uma forma de acessá-lo é por meio da análise da reação pupilar. Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar pupilometria dinâmica em pacientes com diabetes. Foi desenvolvido um sistema de aquisição de vídeo que registra o movimento pupilar exposta à estímulos luminosos, sendo aplicado em 45 voluntários no SEMPR-HC da UFPR. 90 vídeos de pupilometria foram obtidos. As CNNs YoloV2 e RetinaNet foram aplicadas as imagens avaliando a detecção da íris e pupila. A RetinaNet obteve melhor performance para IoU de 90%. As diferenças entre os grupos com e sem neuropatia apareceram na máxima dilatação pupilar, plateau e velocidade de re-dilatação.
Parkinson sEMG signal prediction and generation with Neural Networks
Authors: Zanini Rafael Anicet , Colombini Esther Luna
Published: September 2021

A Doença de Parkinson (DP) é uma doença neurodegenerativa caracterizada por sintomas como tremores de repouso e de ação, que causam graves prejuízos à vida do paciente. Recentemente, diversas dispositivos assistivos têm sido propostos para minimizar o impacto da doença na vida dos pacientes. No entanto, a maioria desses depende de dados da eletromiograﬁa de superfície (sEMG) do paciente, que são escassos. Neste trabalho, propomos os primeiros métodos, baseados em Redes Neurais, para prever e gerar sinais de sEMG de pacientes com Parkinson (PP). Ainda, aprendemos o estilo do tremor no sinal de sEMG destes pacientes, transferindo o mesmo para criar novas amostras a partir de dados de pacientes saudáveis. Esta dissertação contribui para a área i) comparando diferentes modelos para predizer sinais sEMG de pacientes com Parkinson para antecipar padrões de tremor em repouso; ii) propondo a primeira abordagem baseada em Redes Adversariais Generativas Convolucionais Profundas (DCGANs) para gerar sinais de sEMG da doença de Parkinson; iii) aplicando a transferência de estilo (ST) para aumentar o conjunto de sinais sEMG de PPs a partir de dados disponíveis publicamente de indivíduos nãoPP; iv) propondo uma métrica para avaliar a caracterização do sinal de sEMG da doença de Parkinson. Os novos dados criados por nossos métodos podem validar abordagens de tratamento em diferentes cenários de movimento, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de novas técnicas de supressão de tremor em pacientes.
Um Mecanismo de Compressão de Dados Local em Tempo Real Energeticamente Eﬁciente para Redes WBANs
Authors: Passos Caiña , Santos Aldri
Published: September 2021

Dentre as redes computacionais voltadas ao cuidado com a saúde, destacam-se as redes corporais sem ﬁo (WBANs), que possibilitam o monitoramento contínuo e em tempo real dos sinais ﬁsiológicos. No entanto, esse monitoramento resulta em uso excessivo de transmissão de dados, afetando o consumo de energia dos dispositivos. Este artigo de dissertação apresenta GROWN1, uma abordagem híbrida de compressão de dados local para reduzir a redundância de informações na transmissão de dados e redução do consumo de energia dos dispositivos, através de métodos de compressão de dados locais de WSN. O GROWN foi avaliado por experimentação e os resultados mostram diminuição do consumo de energia dos dispositivos e um aumento na vida útil da rede.
Efetividade dos Sistemas Computadorizados de Prescrição Eletrônica e de Apoio à Decisão sobre os erros de prescrição em Pediatria
Authors: Santos Josiane L. B. dos , Passos Sonia R. Lambert , Barbosa Natalia S. O. , Sousa Fernanda M. , Neves Luisa A. A. M. , Motta Paula A. , Cavalini Luciana T.
Published: September 2021

Revisão Sistemática com metanálise, até dezembro de 2020. Objetivo comparar incidência de erros de prescrição antes e após introdução de Sistemas de Prescrição Eletrônica associados ou não a Sistemas de Apoio à Decisão em diferentes settings pediátricos. Em dez estudos em UTI a redução em erros de dosagem (um tipo de erro de prescrição) variou de 15% a 30%. Dois estudos com supressão total de erros. Em enfermaria as reduções foram de 36%, 45%, 67% e 74%. A redução foi de 7,4 de erros gerais de prescrição. Evidenciou-se redução de risco de erros de dosagem em pediatria com o uso de sistemas de prescrição eletrônica para UTI, enfermaria e ambulatório.
Treinamento de Classificadores de Aprendizagem de Máquina para o Diagnóstico do Glaucoma com o Uso de Dados de Perimetria Automatizada Padrão (SAP)
Authors: Hashimoto Bruno F. , Shigueoka Leonardo S. , Costa Vital P. , Gomi Edson S.
Published: September 2021

O glaucoma é uma doença ocular que provoca danos ao nervo óptico e consequente perda do campo visual. Este projeto de pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar o desempenho de Classiﬁcadores de Aprendizagem de Máquina no diagnóstico do glaucoma usando dados do exame SAP (Standard Automated Perimetry). Por conta do dataset com dados de pacientes reais ser pequeno, foi gerado um dataset sintético para aumentar a quantidade de dados disponíveis. Foram testados os classiﬁcadores Random Forest, Gradient Boosting e DNN (Deep Neural Network). Os resultados obtidos mostram que esses classiﬁcadores apresentam desempenho aceitável para o diagnóstico do glaucoma, todos com AUC acima de 83,9% e acurácia acima de 72,0%.
Uso de Chatbots Personalizados para Monitoração do Desaprendizado e Esquecimento de Idosos
Authors: Pinto Noemi da Paixão , Garcia Ana Cristina Bicharra
Published: September 2021

Com o envelhecimento da população mundial, problemas na área da saúde como o comprometimento cognitivo, precisam de atenção. Trabalhos relacionados ao tema mostram que os avanços na área de inteligência artiﬁcial, permite o uso de tecnologias, como os chatbots, para automatizar o diálogo e estimular as habilidades cognitivas dos usuários. Sendo assim, este artigo descreve um desenho de pesquisa para o uso de chatbots personalizados aplicados na monitoração do esquecimento e desaprendizado de idosos. Através da abordagem Design Science Research, foram apresentados os principais elementos e etapas para garantir a contribuição cientíﬁca e tecnológica do presente estudo.
StoryGirl: Uma rede colaborativa de apoio à criança através de histórias reais programadas em Scratch
Authors: Racca Beatriz Saburido , França Juliana Baptista dos Santos
Published: September 2021

Este artigo apresenta as primeiras discussões sobre o Framework colaborativo StoryGirl. Este Framework visa criar uma rede colaborativa de apoio à criança através de histórias reais programadas em Scratch. Faz parte do Framework StoryGirl discutir aspectos que evidenciem a alfabetização do pensamento computacional, inclusão de gênero e o compartilhamento de experiências reais de criança para criança em uma linguagem acessível. Como resultado, o artigo apresenta um estudo piloto sobre a alfabetização do pensamento computacional através de histórias e a estrutura inicial do ambiente social e colaborativo de apoio à criança.
Use of Telemedicine to Expedite and Expand Care During COVID-19
Authors: Shah Meeta , Patel Keya , Popa Daniel , Perry Anthony , Adams Shayna , Hexom Braden , Neugarten Carter , Gottlieb Michael
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) created challenges with access to care including increased burden on healthcare systems and potential exposure risks for vulnerable patients. To address these needs, Rush University Medical Center created a virtual, urgent care program specifically designed to address these challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This was a retrospective study analyzing adult patients with COVID-19-related telemedicine visits performed between March 1–June 30, 2020. COVID-19-related telemedicine visits refer to those who used the “Concern for Coronavirus” module. We assessed the total number of telemedicine visits using this module, percentage with a subsequent emergency department (ED) visit within seven days, and outcomes (ie, hospitalization status, intubation, and death) of patients who presented to the ED for evaluation. Data are presented using descriptive statistics.

Results: A total of 2,974 adult patients accessed the program via the COVID-19 module over the four-month period. Of those, 142 patients (4.8%) had an ED visit within seven days. Only 14 patients (0.5%) required admission. One patient was intubated, and there were no deaths among the telemedicine population.

Conclusion: The data suggests that telemedicine may be a safe and effective way to screen and treat patients with possible COVID-19, while reducing potential burdens on EDs.
Evaluation of the Initial General Ward Early Warning Score and ICU Admission, Hospital Length of Stay and Mortality
Authors: Gielen Anneke , Koekkoek Kristine , van der Steen Marijke , Looijen Martijn-Looijen , van Zanten Arthur
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Despite widespread implementation of the Early Warning Score (EWS) in hospitals, its effect on patient outcomes remains mostly unknown. We aimed to evaluate associations between the initial EWS and in-hospital mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and hospital length of stay (LOS).

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of adult patients admitted to a general hospital ward between July 1, 2014–December 31, 2017. Data were obtained from electronic health records (EHR). The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were ICU admission and hospital LOS. We categorized patients into three risk groups (low, medium or high risk of clinical deterioration) based on EWS. Descriptive analyses were used.

Results: After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, we included 53,180 patients for analysis. We found that the initial (low- vs high-risk) EWS was associated with an increased in-hospital mortality (1.5% vs 25.3%, P <0.001), an increased ICU admission rate (3.1% vs 17.6%, P <0.001), and an extended hospital LOS (4.0 days vs 8.0 days, P <0.001).

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that an initial high-risk EWS in patients admitted to a general hospital ward was associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality, ICU admission, and prolonged hospital LOS. Close monitoring and precise documentation of the EWS in the EHR may facilitate predicting poor outcomes in individual hospitalized patients and help to identify patients for whom timely and adequate management may improve outcomes.
Cirenaica durante la coyuntura post-alejandrina
Authors: Aledo Martínez José Luis
Published: September 2021

En el presente trabajo se pretende analizar los hechos políticos acaecidos en la región de Cirenaica en las tres últimas décadas del siglo IV a.C., es decir, en el período comprendido entre la expedición asiática de Alejandro III de Macedonia y la incorporación de las ciudades griegas de la Cirenaica en el Reino ptolemaico. El papel geopolítico de estas comunidades fronterizas, entre el mundo helénico y el púnico, no ha sido analizado en profundidad por la historiografía en este marco, más allá de episodios puntuales previos a la anexión ptolemaica a finales de siglo. Por ello, nuestro objetivo es proporcionar una visión de conjunto de los hechos acaecidos sin caer en generalidades.
Psicología histórica y materialismo histórico: la categoría «valor», obstáculos epistemológicos y la propuesta estructuralista
Authors: Del Valle Alejandro
Published: September 2021

Este trabajo aborda la célebre discusión entre Jean Pierre Vernant y George Thomson acerca de la emergencia del Uno parmenideo y el posterior concepto de sustancia desde un perspectiva filosófica y metodológica. A la luz de las críticas de Vernant a Thomson este artículo se propone señalar las premisas filosóficas de la psicología histórica y del materialismo histórico que están en discusión entre los autores. Principalmente, la argumentación se desarrolla alrededor de la noción de “valor”. Las consideraciones althusserianas de Emmanuel Terray sirven como marco conceptual para el análisis crítico.
Reseña de: Moro Ipola, Milagros: Cosas de la edad: la adolescencia en la antigua Roma
Authors: Novillo López Miguel Ángel
Published: September 2021

Reseña de:  Moro Ipola, Milagros: Cosas de la edad: la adolescencia en la antigua Roma, Madrid, Dilema, 2021, 334 pp., ISBN: 305 pp. + 28 láminas, ISBN: 978-84-9827-507-0.
Reseña de: Serrano Madroñal, Raúl: Los circunceliones: fanatismo religioso y descontento social en el África tardorromana
Authors: Sánchez Medina Esther
Published: September 2021

Reseña de: Serrano Madroñal, Raúl: Los circunceliones: fanatismo religioso y descontento social en el África tardorromana, CSIC, Madrid, 2020, 263 pp., ISBN: 978-84-00-10642-3.
Editors' Choice of Noteworthy Clinical Endoscopy Publications in the First Decade
Authors: Kim Gwang Ha , Kwon Kwang An , Park Do Hyun , Han Jimin
Published: September 2021

This is a special review to celebrate the 10th anniversary of Clinical Endoscopy. Each deputy editor has selected articles from one’s subspecialty that are significant in terms of the number of downloads, citations, and clinical importance. The articles included original articles, review articles, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses.
Hipofosfatemija po zdravljenju s parenteralnim železom: prikaz primera
Authors: Mihelač Aleš Christian , Preložnik Zupan Irena , Todorova Biljana
Published: September 2021

Anemija zaradi pomanjkanja železa je najpogostejša anemija na svetu, ki prizadene predvsem otroke, ženske v rodni dobi ter nosečnice, vse pogosteje pa spremlja tudi kronične bolnike in populacijo starejših ljudi. Osnovni način nadomeščanja so peroralni pripravki, ki nemalokrat povzročijo neželene učinke. Včasih tovrstno nadomeščanje ne zadošča zaradi pomanjkljivega privzema oziroma absorpcije v prebavilih ali zaradi stalnih krvavitev. Drugi način je parenteralno nadomeščanje, ki se v zadnjih letih najpogosteje izvaja z železovo karboksimaltozo. Zdravilo je varno, neželeni učinki pa so razmeroma redki in povečini blagi do zmerni. Od presnovnih motenj je najpogostejša hipofosfatemija, katere incidenca glede na literaturo še ni povsem jasno opredeljena, a ni zanemarljiva. V večini primerov sicer poteka brez simptomov in je prehodna, lahko pa je tudi huda in dolgotrajna. V prispevku opisujemo primer mlade bolnice s hudo hipofosfatemijo 0,24 mmol/L s simptomi po aplikacijah železove karboksimaltoze. Dodajamo kratek pregled literature in algoritem kliničnega ukrepanja.
How students on the autism spectrum experience higher education
Authors:   , Connolly Stephen
Published: September 2021

As an autistic student, researcher, and lecturer, I am alarmed to see the acknowledgment within literature, that autistic students are the most likely of all students to fail at university. This is despite autistic students being categorised as high achievers within education. This raises an important question, why are autistic students who are considered academically able, still not graduating? To investigate this, seven autistic students (including myself) engaged in emanciparticipatory research to explore our experiences as students who identify as autistic in Higher Education (HE). The emanciparticipatory approach taken for this study was developed during and for this research, as a means of addressing the issues with traditional participatory and emanciparticipatory research. Emanciparticipatory is a flexible methodology that aims to develop engagement through accessibility and addressing the researcher-participant relationship, whilst being achievable within the constraints of academia. To do this each student engaged via a means that suited them, they were given as much control as possible and engaged as much or as little as they chose. The research produced a wealth of data some spanning over four years. Analysis of this data identified five key themes: control of label, sociality, wellbeing, academic supports and additional labour of being a disabled autistic student. These themes revealed how hostile the ‘whole university experience’ can be, with student goals switching from academic success to surviving in the face of multiple barriers. Yet, the students did not face a complete onslaught of challenges, at times for some, the practice that they encountered from staff and the adaptions to the environment, learning and peer-to-peer relationships promoted a healthy environment where students could engage and indeed succeed beyond their expectations. From these experiences we then make a number of recommendations to promote good practice and challenge poor practice both within university and research.
Неколико цртица из живота византијског села
Authors: Радић Радивој
Published: September 2021

Село и сељак су универзална појава у историји. У раду су изнесени поједини аспекти живота на византијском селу. Премда је Византија имала веома развијене градове и градску привреду, највећи део њеног становништва ипак је живео на селу и она је, попут осталих средњовековних држава, претежно била рурална. У административном погледу, село је било потчињено граду, а није без значаја ни чињеница да је сеоски живот био знатно сиромашнији од градског – како у материјалном, тако и у културном погледу. У Византијском царству је управо сељак стварао основна богатства и бранио границе државе. Рад сељака је по свој прилици био најпостојанији елемент у нестабилном византијском свету, а сељаци су чинили главнину пореских обвезника који су издржавали државу и њену војну машинерију.
Добротворна задруга српкиња петровчанка – примјер хуманитарног и националног дјеловања у Босанском Петровцу
Authors: Бранковић Бошко М.
Published: September 2021

У раду је изложен историјат настанка Добротворне задруге Српкиња Петровчанка у Босанском Петровцу. Задруга је основана 1900. године и била је међу првим овог типа, основаним у окупираним покрајинама Босни и Херцеговини. Заједничким трудом и радом, основали су је учитељица Катица Крајић из Велике Кикинде, која је радила у Босанском Петровцу, и петровачки пјесник и национални борац – Богдан Милановић Крајишник. Циљ Добротворне задруге Српкиња Петровчанка био је национално и хуманитарно дјеловање петровачких Срба. Задруга је одржавала редовне и ванредне хуманитарне акције, а финансирала се добровољним прилозима и одржавањем годишњих забава. Године 1906. задруга је основала Српску женску раденичку школу, прву такве врсте у Босанском Петровцу и једну од првих у Босанској Крајини. Задруга је покретала хуманитарне акције прикупљања помоћи за Црвени крст у Србији и Црној Гори у току балканских ратова.
Византијски град Адријанопољ у дјелима српских средњовјековних писаца
Authors: Бабић Борис
Published: September 2021

Сврха рада је да покаже начин на који су српски средњовјековни писци видјели византијски град Адријанопољ, какве су представе о њему имали, те да ли су њихова схватања у складу данашњом историографијом. Под синтагмом српски средњовјековни писци подразумијевају се различити старији и млађи љетописи, житија српских владара, те историјско дјело Константина Михаиловића из Островице. Много података о овом граду можемо пронаћи у дјелу Живот деспота Стефана Лазаревића Константина Костенечког, познатијег под надимком Филозоф, у вези са међусобним размирицама Османлија након Ангорске битке, током прве двије деценије XV вијека. Српски средњовјековни писци Адријанопољ нису називали његовим данашњим називом Едирне. Сви аутори српских љетописа говоре о Дренопољу и углавном доносе непрецизне хронолошке одреднице у вези са догађајима у оквиру којих помињу град, док је у дјелима Константина Костенечког и Пајсеја Јањевца, за име града коришћен антички назив Адријанопољ, по његовом оснивачу, римском цару Хадријану. Константин Михаиловић из Островице забиљежио је три различита назива за најранију европску престоницу Османлијског царства. У дјелу овог списа који је настао књижевним трудом српског јаничара досљедно је употријебљен термин Дренопоље, док се у рукописима насталим прерадом основног текста у XVI вијеку сусрећемо са називом Адријанопољ, а у рукописима насталим у XVII вијеку град је наведен као Едрнопол.
Ложе и градови – развој масонерије у урбаним срединама југоисточне Европе од средине XVIII до почетка XX века
Authors: Пилиповић Радован
Published: September 2021

У раду се приказује генеза масонске организације на простору Југоисточне Европе (данашња Румунија, Хрватска, Србија, Грчка и Бугарска) у контексту друштвено-политичке либерализације и у зависности од функционисања градских центара. Масони су по природи свога рада везани за градове, масонске ложе настају у градовима од краја XVIII века и увек су репрезент градске културе.
Izraženost različitih kategorija životnih stresora kod učenika završnog razreda osnovne i srednje škole
Authors: Subotić Siniša , Radetić Lovrić Sanja
Published: September 2021

Životni stresori (ŽS) na školskom uzrastu predviđaju mnoge neželjene ishode, poput narušenog mentalnog zdravlja, lošeg školskog postignuća i problema sa disciplinom. Izraženost individualnih kategorija ŽS i njihovih veza sa školskim postignućem i vladanjem ispitana je na uzorcima učenika završnog razreda osnovne (OŠ: N=524) i srednje škole (SŠ: N=557). Kao najizraženiji ŽS se izdvajaju: svađe s roditeljima (34.7%), dugotrajna bolest člana porodice (27.8%), duže odsustvo roditelja od kuće (23.1%) i svađe između roditelja (23.0%). Razlike između učenika OŠ i SŠ generalno su išle u smjeru veće izraženosti ŽS u SŠ, a najsnažnije za: svađe s roditeljima (Φ=.18, RR=1.7, BF10>100), siromaštvo (Φ=.11, RR=3.8, BF10=32.6) i svađe između roditelja (Φ=.10, RR=1.5, BF10=23.1). Najzastupljeniji ŽS učenika uglavnom se tiču porodičnog funkcionisanja i odnosa. Učenici SŠ procjenjuju značajno veću izraženost nekih od ŽS u odnosu na učenike OŠ, što može biti rezultat autentično veće akumulacije ŽS kod starijih učenika, ali i njihove bolje razvijene sposobnosti da uviđaju porodične probleme. Četiri pojedinačne kategorije ŽS koreliraju sa sniženim prosjekom ocjena, a devet kategorija korelira sa sniženim školskim vladanjem.
Car sharing integration in the City of Milan
Authors: Krijan Ivana
Published: September 2021

This paper will present a structural summary of the reasons for implementing car sharing as a sustainable form of mobility in City of Milan. The paper will also decribe the growth and development of car sharing services in Milan. It will provide an overall view of measures that have had an impact on reducing the number of vehicles, air pollution and improving the quality of life in the city.
Association of Parkinson’s disease with ischemic stroke in Korea: A nationwide longitudinal cohort study in Korea
Authors: Kim Woo Yup , Kim Hakyung , Hong Je Beom , Sheen Seung Hun , Han In-bo , Sohn Seil
Published: September 2021

Objective: The aim of this nationwide age- and sex- matched longitudinal follow up study is to determine the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD) associated with ischemic stroke in Korea.Methods: Patient data were collected from the National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort (NHIS-HEALS). PD was identified using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 10-CM code G 20. In total, 6,475 patients were enrolled in the PD group from the NHISS. After subtracting 1,039 patients who underwent hospitalization less than once or those who visited an outpatient clinic less than two times, 5,259 patients who were diagnosed after January 1, 2004 ultimately participated in this study. After case-control match was done through 1:5 age- and sex- stratified matching, 26,295 individuals were chosen as control. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis were performed to evaluate the risk of ischemic stroke in PD.Results: The hazard ratio of ischemic stroke in the PD group was 3.848 (95% confidence interval (confidence interval [CI]): 3.14-4.70) after adjusting for age and sex. The adjusted hazard ratio of ischemic stroke in PD group was 3.885 (95% CI: 3.17-4.75) after adjusting for comorbidities. According to subgroup analysis, in male and female and non-diabetes and diabetes and non-hypertension and hypertension and dyslipidemia and non-dyslipidemia subgroups, ischemic stroke incidence rates were significantly higher in the PD group than those in the control group.Conclusions: This nationwide longitudinal study suggests an increased risk of ischemic stroke in PD patients.
Active behaviour of terrestrial caterpillars on the water surface
Authors: Hayashi Masakazu , Sugiura Shinji
Published: September 2021

Most butterfly and moth larvae (Lepidoptera) are terrestrial. When terrestrial caterpillars accidentally fall into water, they may drown or be preyed upon by aquatic predators before they can safely reach land. However, how terrestrial caterpillars escape aquatic environments and predators remains unclear. In July 2018, we observed a terrestrial caterpillar actively moving forward on the surface of a pond in Japan until it successfully reached the shore. To further investigate this behaviour in terrestrial caterpillars, we experimentally placed larvae of 13 moth species (four families) on a water surface under laboratory and field conditions. All caterpillars floated. Larvae of seven species moved forward on the water surface, whereas those of six species did not. A total of two types of behaviour were observed; in Dinumma deponens, Hypopyra vespertilio, Spirama retorta, Laelia coenosa, Lymantria dispar (all Erebidae), and Naranga aenescens (Noctuidae), larvae swung their bodies rapidly from side to side to propel themselves along the water surface (i.e., undulatory behaviour); in contrast, larvae of Acosmetia biguttula (Noctuidae) rapidly moved the abdomen (posterior segments) up and down for propulsion along the water surface (i.e., flick behaviour). Although thoracic legs were not used for undulatory and flick behaviour, rapid movements of the abdomen were used to propel caterpillars on the water surface. We also observed that undulatory and flick behaviour on the water surface aided caterpillars in escaping aquatic predators under field conditions. In addition, we investigated the relationship between body size and undulatory behaviour on the water surface in the erebid S. retorta under laboratory conditions. The frequency and speed of forward movement on the water surface increased with body length. Together, these results show that the rapid movement of elongated bodies results in forward propulsion on the water surface, allowing some terrestrial caterpillars to avoid drowning or aquatic predators. We further suggested potential factors related to morphology, host plant habitat, and defensive behaviour that may have led to the acquisition of aquatic behaviour in terrestrial caterpillars.
EDUCAÇÃO SOBRE DROGAS COMO PROJETO DE INTERVENÇÃO NO ESTÁGIO
Authors: Soares Zilene Moreira , Dos Santos Nathany Ribeiro
Published: September 2021

Os estágios em forma de projeto permitem aos futuros professores desenvolverem uma postura investigativa durante a formação inicial. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar a experiência de construção de um Projeto de Intervenção Pedagógica na disciplina de Estágio Curricular Supervisionado num colégio militarizado no Município de Goiânia/GO. A partir da diagnose da escola campo chegou-se ao tema da intervenção, “drogas”. O projeto teve como arcabouço teórico a abordagem de Redução de Danos, que se opõe à perspectiva tradicional de Guerra às Drogas. Realizado no formato de oficinas, o projeto obteve uma avaliação positiva por todos os envolvidos. Espera-se que esse trabalho possa subsidiar novas abordagens e servir como modelo para propostas de intervenção na Educação Básica.
Procedimentos adotados para a sala de aula à luz das metodologias ativas: um relato de experiência
Authors: Lunkes Fernanda Luzia , Johann Lunkes Gustavo
Published: September 2021

O presente trabalho objetiva apresentar um relato de experiência na oferta do componente curricular “Laboratório interdisciplinar em linguagens: projetos de trabalho na aprendizagem de línguas mediados por tecnologias digitais”, ofertado no curso de Licenciatura Interdisciplinar em Linguagens e suas Tecnologias, da Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia (UFSB), cuja proposta de ensino-aprendizagem teve como estratégia metodológica de base a Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos. Serão explorados os seguintes procedimentos: atividades em grupo, liderança, relato e feedback. Estes se mostraram relevantes na experiência, sobretudo no que se refere a fatores caros às metodologias ativas, como protagonismo e engajamento, além de permitir uma condução que organiza os encontros sem perder de vista a dinamicidade que está em jogo em tais metodologias.
TEMPO INTEGRAL E VALORIZAÇÃO DOCENTE EM PLANOS DE EDUCAÇÃO E DE CARREIRA NO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Coelho Lígia Martha , Hora Dayse Martins , Guilarducci Raphael Mota
Published: September 2021

O artigo analisa a valorização docente em políticas de tempo integral, no estado do Rio de Janeiro. A pesquisa bibliográfica e a análise da legislação apresentam a valorização e o tempo integral nas metas e estratégias que versam sobre essas temáticas, em Planos Municipais de Educação e Planos de Carreira e Remuneração dos Profissionais do Magistério, nos municípios de Duque de Caxias, Miracema e Resende. Seus resultados evidenciam a valorização docente nos documentos municipais, contemplada por meio de ações que visam melhorias das condições de trabalho. A jornada de tempo integral também é abordada, mas sem um detalhamento dos caminhos para sua efetivação. Não houve, na pesquisa documental, uma aproximação entre valorização do trabalho docente e educação em tempo integral que se materializasse em propostas efetivas.
DE PROFESSOR A FORMADOR: DESAFIOS DE PROFESSORES AO TORNAREM-SE FORMADORES NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Torres Gilton Luís , Ambrosetti Neusa Banhara
Published: September 2021

O presente estudo buscou elucidar o percurso de professor a formador de professores, por participantes que exercem a função de orientador de escola em uma rede municipal de educação infantil, examinando os desafios enfrentados no processo de tornar-se formador e as fontes para a construção do conhecimento profissional mobilizadas por eles no enfrentamento desses desafios. A metodologia apoiou-se nas abordagens qualitativas de pesquisa, utilizando como instrumentos de coleta de dados um questionário e um grupo de discussão, envolvendo ao todo 38 participantes. Os resultados indicam que as múltiplas atribuições do orientador comprometem a dimensão pedagógica da função. Na busca por superar as dificuldades, as participantes recorrem às parcerias, constituindo grupos entre pares e valorizando os espaços coletivos de formação.
PARA O TRABALHO OU PELO TRABALHO? CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE CURRÍCULO NO ENSINO MÉDIO INTEGRADO
Authors: Carmo Ana Carolina Rigoni , Gonçalves João Antônio Miranda Tello Ramos
Published: September 2021

Desenvolver currículos no Ensino Médio Integrado é um desafio a contemplar os fundamentos da formação omnilateral e superar a dualidade estrutural brasileira. No objetivo de identificar conceitos e perspectivas à superação da segmentação curricular e pela sua reconfiguração, este artigo emprega uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a educação profissional e sua relação com o currículo escolar, concluindo pela reintegração do ensino médio e profissional não apenas no mesmo espaço ou estrutura, mas na interdisciplinaridade e constituição dialética do ser humano pelo trabalho, e não para o trabalho. No paradoxo de separação e identidade entre trabalho e educação, cabe ao currículo integrado observar como o conhecimento científico e cultural se articula e se converte em trabalho, originando as formas e a organização com as quais se produz.
Challenges to Overcome by the Members of the NARMUL Dairy Cooperative
Authors: Satish S. , Kumar Ranjit , Koshta Ajay Kumar
Published: September 2021

Dairy cooperatives have played an important role in improving the economy of small milk producers’ households in different regions of India. Telangana is one amongst them, which is predominantly an agricultural state with an excellent potential for milk production. The study was conducted to analyze the constraints faced by dairy farmers of Yadadri- Bhongir district of Telangana. The study data was collected during March-April 2021 from 90 milk producers of NARMUL co-operative in Yadadri-Bhuvangiri district of the state. Low procurement price of milk, Lack of disease control programs, No Bonus, Lack of milk testing & animal screening facilities, Irregular visits of Veterinary staff were considered as the most serious constraints where as, Unavailability of first aid services and lack of sufficient supply of vaccines to the animals, Non availability of loan facilities, Lack of artificial insemination (A.I.) facilities in/around the village, Inadequate supply of feed and mineral mixture were considered as the least serious constraints.
Effects of the Aqueous Extract of Cnestis ferruginea Leaves on the Male Reproductive System in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Mice
Authors: Bégbin Kouassi Emile , Zougrou N’Guessan Ernest , Koffi Séverin , Odoh Edwige Alida , Kouakou Koffi
Published: September 2021

Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disease and one of the most common chronic disorders. Diabetes mellitus has been associated with impaired reproductive health, mainly in men. The present study aimed to evaluate effects of the aqueous extract of Cnestis ferruginea leaves on the male reproductive system in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The determination of phenolic compounds content in the aqueous extract was performed by conventional methods. Diabetes was induced in adult male mice by intraperitoneal injection with a single dose of 220 mg/Kg body weight of alloxan. Animal’s treatment with 100 and 200 mg/Kg of body weight of the aqueous extract was started 34 days after induction of diabetes. Sperm density, morphology and motility were assessed by standard methods. Serum levels of testosterone, FSH, and LH were measured. In addition, the testes were removed for histological study. Proportions of total polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins in the aqueous extract of Cnestis ferruginea were 5260.32 +/- 26 mg EAG /100g, 1384.43 +/- 4 mg EQ /100g and 7380.95 +/- 121 mg EC /100g respectively. 100 and 200 mg/Kg of body weight doses induced highly significant (P ˂ .001) reductions of 68% and 71% in blood glucose levels respectively, significant (P ˂ .05) increases in testes weight of 9% and 10% respectively, highly significant (P ˂ .001) increases in testosterone, pituitary gonadotropins and sperm parameter levels. In addition, regeneration of seminiferous tubules and interstitial cells was observed. Cnestis ferruginea leaves are rich in phenolic compounds. These compounds have anti-diabetic and fertilizing activities on the male reproductive system of diabetic mice.
Characterization and Plant Growth Promoting Properties of a Bacillus sp. Isolated from Maize Roots
Authors: Kelvin-Asogwa Lynda , Ogbo Frank C.
Published: September 2021

Aim: To isolate plant growth promoting Bacillus strains from maize roots and to characterize using molecular methods, the strain with greatest potential for plant growth promotion.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Applied Microbiology and Brewing, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, between February 2019 and March 2020.

Methodology: The isolation of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) from maize roots was made using Nitrogen Free Bromothymol Blue (NFB) broth. They were screened for Phosphate solubilizing activities on Pikovskaya (PVK) agar. Quantitative determination and solubilization of different types of Phosphates was carried out using Pikovskaya broth. Optimization of factors affecting phosphate such as NaCl concentration, initial pH of the medium, size of inoculum, was done using pvk broth. Evaluation of other plant growth promoting properties were carried out such as IAA, Ammonia, cellulase and HCN production. 

Results: Eleven Nitrogen fixing bacteria were isolated using NFB broth based on colour change of the medium from green to blue.  Test for phosphate solubilization abilities of the organisms revealed that nine of the isolates solubilized phosphate on PVK agar. Organism coded with IS52 gave the least solubilization index of 1.14 while isolate IS19 gave the highest index of 3.4. Isolate IS19 yielded the highest amount of 73.5µg/ml P, while isolate IS30 was the weakest solubilizer in PVK broth, yielding 19.4µg/ml P. The best isolate IS19, produced the plant growth hormone Indole Acetic acid at a concentration of 105.4μg/ml. The organism also gave a positive result for ammonia and cellulase production but did not produce Hydrogen cyanide. It was identified as Bacillus subtilis using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

Conclusion: Bacillus subtilis fixed Nitrogen qualitatively and solubilized insoluble phosphates in addition to other plant growth promoting properties, thus Bacillus subtilis has potential for plant growth promotion, making it an efficient strain for biofertilizer production
Role of Microalbuminuria and Insulin Resistance as Predictive Biomarkers for Nephropathy in Obese Individuals – A Study Protocol
Authors: Jha Roshan Kumar , Dhok Archana , Shukla Samarth , Acharya Sourya , Anjankar Ashish
Published: September 2021

Background: Obesity is a compounded, multifactorial, and largely curable disease, affecting over a third of the public community today. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared obesity as a global epidemic, also stressing that in many cases it remains an under-recognized problem of the public health agenda. It is a global health concern and a major risk factor for diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, which may lead to decrease in renal function and ultimately obesity related nephropathy.

As per, the epidemiological and experimental data have indicated, microalbuminuria (MAU) is an early marker of target organ damage and is associated with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) incidence, and progression of nephropathy in non-diabetic subjects. Insulin resistance is present in obese individuals. Obesity related insulin resistance may arise from defects in fatty acid oxidation, and secondary β-cell lipotoxicity.

The present study is a Cross-sectional analytical observational study; the study will be carried out in the Dept. of Biochemistry at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, ABV Rural Hospital, Sawangi (M), Wardha. Participants will be outpatients of this institution. Any participant fulfilling the eligibility criteria will be included in the study. Protocol amendments are not expected. However, if necessary, any modification to the protocol will be reported to the entire investigational team through a conference. All changes will be included in the final manuscript prior to submission.

Aim and Objectives: Present study is targeted to assess role and correlation of microalbuminuria and insulin resistance as predictive biomarkers for nephropathy in obese subjects.

Implications: Present study will be helpful to decrease morbidity and mortality, specifically associated with comprised renal status and prevent nephropathy. The study will be helpful to detect early clinicopathological phase of comprised renal status.

Conclusion: The purpose of this study is to investigate role of microalbuminuria and insulin resistance as predictive markers of nephropathy in obese individuals.
Effect of Co-fermentation of Cassava and African Yam Bean on some Compositional and Sensory Properties of Pupuru
Authors: Adesola M. O. , Adejuyitan J. A , Idowu O.O.
Published: September 2021

Aim: Consumption of pupuru (a cassava based food) is on the increasing trend in most parts of Nigeria, hence the need to improve the nutrients with under-utilised legume, African yam bean (AYB). The aim of this work was to co-ferment cassava and AYB at varying proportion and processed to pupuru flour.

Study Design: Randomised Block Design was used in this study to assess the influence of different substitution levels of AYB on the properties of pupuru flour and the meal prepared from it.

Methodology: The cassava roots were washed, peeled and grated to mash while the AYB was boiled, decorticated and milled into slurry. The AYB slurry was co-fermented with the cassava mash at different substitution level (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40%) and processed to pupuru flour. The 0% served as control (100% cassava). Samples of pupuru flour were evaluated for proximate composition, mineral and anti-nutritional contents. Meal (stiff dough) prepared from the flour was subjected to sensory evaluation. Data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS software package.

Results: The protein content ranged from 2.9 to 38.68%. The bulk density, swelling capacity, water absorption capacity ranged from 0.72% - 0.86%, 245.56% – 351.84%, and 191.01% - 255.36% respectively. The oxalate, tannin, phytate, and cyanide contents were in the range of 80.00-175.00 mg/100g, 24.55-73.70 mg/100g, 1.34–3.85 mg/100g, and 0.29-0.58 mg/100g respectively. The sensory attributes of pupuru meal indicated a significant difference (p < 0.05) among the samples, with 100% cassava pupuru been the most preferred in terms of taste and general acceptability.
Viruses in colorectal cancer
Authors: Marongiu Luigi , Allgayer Heike
Published: September 2021

Increasing evidence suggests that microorganisms might represent at least highly interesting cofactors in colorectal cancer (CRC) oncogenesis and progression. Still, associated mechanisms, specifically in colonocytes and their microenvironmental interactions, are still poorly understood. Although, currently, at least seven viruses are being recognized as human carcinogens, only three of these – Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), human papillomavirus (HPV) and John Cunningham virus (JCV) – have been described, with varying levels of evidence, in CRC. In addition, cytomegalovirus (CMV) has been associated with CRC in some publications, albeit not being a fully acknowledged oncovirus. Moreover, recent microbiome studies set increasing grounds for new hypotheses on bacteriophages as interesting additional modulators in CRC carcinogenesis and progression. The present Review summarizes how particular groups of viruses, including bacteriophages, affect cells and the cellular and microbial microenvironment, thereby putatively contributing to foster CRC. This could be achieved, for example, by promoting several processes – such as DNA damage, chromosomal instability, or molecular aspects of cell proliferation, CRC progression and metastasis – not necessarily by direct infection of epithelial cells only, but also by interaction with the microenvironment of infected cells. In this context, there are striking common features of EBV, CMV, HPV and JCV that are able to promote oncogenesis, in terms of establishing latent infections and affecting p53‐/pRb‐driven, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐/EGFR‐associated and especially Wnt/β‐catenin‐driven pathways. We speculate that, at least in part, such viral impacts on particular pathways might be reflected in lasting (e.g. mutational or further genomic) fingerprints of viruses in cells. Also, the complex interplay between several species within the intestinal microbiome, involving a direct or indirect impact on colorectal and microenvironmental cells but also between, for example, phages and bacterial and viral pathogens, and further novel species certainly might, in part, explain ongoing difficulties to establish unequivocal monocausal links between specific viral infections and CRC.
Applied Machine Learning for Developing Next‐Generation Functional Materials
Authors: Dinic Filip , Singh Kamalpreet , Dong Tony , Rezazadeh Milad , Wang Zhibo , Khosrozadeh Ali , Yuan Tiange , Voznyy Oleksandr
Published: September 2021

Machine learning (ML) is a versatile technique to rapidly and efficiently generate insights from multidimensional data. It offers a much‐needed avenue to accelerate the exploration and investigation of new materials to address time‐sensitive global challenges such as climate change. The availability of large datasets in recent years has enabled the development of ML algorithms for various applications including experimental/device optimization and material discovery. This perspective provides a summary of the recent applications of ML in material discovery in a range of fields, from optoelectronics to batteries and electrocatalysis, as well as an overview of the methods behind these advances. The paper also attempts to summarize some key challenges and trends in current research methodologies.
Cephalopod‐Inspired Stretchable Self‐Morphing Skin Via Embedded Printing and Twisted Spiral Artificial Muscles
Authors: Fei Fan , Kotak Parth , He Li , Li Xiaofeng , Vanderhoef Cyan , Lamuta Caterina , Song Xuan
Published: September 2021

Cutaneous muscles drive the texture‐modulation behavior of cephalopods by protruding several millimeters out of the skin. Inspired by cephalopods, a self‐morphing, stretchable smart skin containing embedded‐printed electrodes and actuated by Twisted Spiral Artificial Muscles (TSAMs) is proposed. Electrothermally actuated TSAMs are manufactured from inexpensive polymer fibers to mimic the papillae muscles of cephalopods. These spirals can produce strains of nearly 2000% using a voltage of only 0.02 V mm−1. Stretchable and low‐resistance liquid metal electrodes are embedded‐printed inside the self‐morphing skin to facilitate the electrothermal actuation of TSAMs. Theoretical and numerical models are proposed to describe the embedded printing of low‐viscosity Newtonian liquid metals as conductive electrodes in a soft elastomeric substrate. Experimental mechanical tests are performed to demonstrate the robustness and electrical stability of the electrodes. Two smart skin prototypes are fabricated to highlight the capabilities of the proposed self‐morphing system, including a texture‐modulating wearable soft glove and a waterproof skin that emulates the texture‐modulation behavior of octopi underwater. The proposed self‐morphing stretchable smart skin can find use in a wide range of applications, such as refreshable Braille displays, haptic feedback devices, turbulence tripping, and antifouling devices for underwater vehicles.