bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of mercury release in dental amalgam wearers by measuring salivary and urinary mercury
Authors:   Toxicology Department, Military Hospital center, Algiers, Sobhi Khaled , Azzouz Mohamed ,   Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty de Medicine, Algiers, Magherbi Saliha ,   Toxicology Department, Military Hospital center, Algiers, Alamir Barkahoum ,   Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty de Medicine, Algiers
Published: May 2023

Background. Mercury amalgam remains the most effective and least expensive dental filling material. Mercury is considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of the ten chemicals or groups of chemicals that are extremely concerning for public health. The aim of our study is to assess exposure to mercury from dental amalgams through the measurement of salivary and urinary mercury. Population and methods. This is a prospective, analytical study carried out at the National Toxicology Center of Algiers during the year 2004. The study included 48 subjects with dental amalgams and 12 subjects without amalgams. Mercury levels in saliva and urine were measured by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry using the "Flow Inject Mercury System". Results. Compared to other studies, the urinary mercury values in our study are relatively high. This observation is also true for our controls. For salivary values, our subjects have levels (after chewing) that remain within the same range. The comparison of urinary and salivary means shows a significant difference between subjects with three or more amalgams and controls. There is also a significant correlation between the number of fillings and salivary concentrations. Among all amalgam bearers, there is no significant correlation between urinary and salivary concentrations. Elevated levels were noted in our controls compared to foreign studies, indicating probable general exposure (food, atmosphere, etc.). Conclusion. There is a real exposure to mercury from dental amalgams, but is this exposure harmful to the health of the bearers? This risk remains "acceptable" as long as we stay below the accepted limits. It is necessary to protect at-risk groups (pregnant and breastfeeding women, children, and adolescents) from this exposure.
Perception of caesarean section among pregnant women treated in some hospitals in Kinshasa
Authors:   Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l’Education, Université de Kinshasa, RDC Congo, Mwenzi Jonathan Enguta , Babuya Ruth Bukabau , Mokuba Hera Mbo , Nassy Mutunga , Paypay Omar
Published: May 2023

Objective. The objective of this article is to evaluate the perception of caesarean section among pregnant women treated in some hospitals in the city of Kinshasa. Materials and Methods. A survey questionnaire (consisting of 11 questions) was administered to a non-probabilistic sample of 110 pregnant women undergoing antenatal consultations at the Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa and the Centre Hospitalier du Mont-Amba. Results. The results indicate that pregnant women in the study have a positive perception of caesarean section. This positive perception is reflected in their tolerance and acceptance of the planned procedure. The substudy women were, however, afraid of caesarean sections. Finally, they have more objective than subjective knowledge of Caesarean section. Conclusion. Our study subjects consider Caesarean section as a compulsory medical intervention in case of certain complications. Therefore, they do not find any disadvantage in giving birth by this way.
Porcicultura en un espacio fronterizo: imágenes y paisajes (Oeste del Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil; décadas de 1920 a 1950)
Authors: Brandt Marlon
Published: May 2023

El propósito del presente trabajo es ofrecer algunas consideraciones sobre la porcicultura desarrollada en el oeste del estado brasileño de Santa Catarina y las transformaciones del paisaje resultantes de este proceso entre la década de 1920 —cuando empieza la colonización en dicha región— hasta su consolidación, ya en la década de 1950. La crianza de cerdos acompañó el proceso de poblamiento de esta región desde al menos la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, cuando los caboclos los criaban sueltos en los bosques con poco manejo y de forma extensiva. Esta forma de crianza, no obstante, comenzó a desestructurase a partir de la colonización iniciada en la década de 1920. Esto provocó profundas transformaciones en el paisaje, donde los bosques dieron paso, paulatinamente, a campos de cultivo y serrerías, lo que acabó suponiendo el fin de tal práctica. La crianza de cerdos, sin embargo, también se podía ver en las propiedades de los colonos, pero de forma cerrada, donde la adopción del binomio maíz-cerdo posibilitó la cría de los animales. Su producción se destinaba tanto al consumo local como a la comercialización en las medianas y grandes ciudades del sur y sureste del país, siendo la base del incipiente sector agroindustrial regional. Para comprender este proceso de transformaciones en el paisaje, registrado mediante la producción de imágenes del pasado, esta investigación trabaja con los preceptos de la geografía histórica a partir de la idea de la indisociabilidad del espacio y del tiempo.
La economía de la experiencia en el emprendimiento de turismo rural en el Circuito Sabiá en Matelândia - Brasil
Authors: Dotto Marinês Luiza Guerra , Meneghatti Marcelo Roger , Fariña Luciana Oliveira de , Bertolini Geysler Rogis Flor
Published: May 2023

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar, con base en la economía de la experiencia, la calidad percibida y las experiencias vivenciadas por los visitantes en un emprendimiento de turismo rural. La investigación fue descriptiva, con un enfoque cualitativo y no probabilístico intencional, en la que se empleó el grupo focal. Para analizar los datos recogidos, se usó el Sofware Iramuteq, que contribuyó con las técnicas de Clasificación Jerárquica Descendente y el Análisis de Similitud de palabras. Por medio de la técnica del grupo focal, los participantes interactuaron y socializaron su conocimiento. Se pudo constatar que los constructos de la economía de la experiencia permiten identificar detalles de la satisfacción de los visitantes por medio de la experiencia vivenciada.
A decolonialidade no campo da biblioteconomia: A intersecção com a biblioteca universitária
Authors: Baptista Michele Marques
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: objetivo contribuir com aspectos, reflexões e teorias ligadas à decolonialidade no campo da Biblioteconomia, mais precisamente no campo das bibliotecas universitárias, verificando ações decoloniais existentes no que se refere à cultura e às práticas por meio da integração da biblioteca e de seus usuários.
Método: Utiliza o método qualitativo teórico com ênfase na epistemologia e pesquisa em fontes bibliográficas.
Resultado: É verificado o contexto das relações decoloniais no cenário acadêmico com abrangência nas áreas de educação, sociais, culturais e de informação. Também é verificado como o profissional bibliotecário, por meio da sua formação, pode trabalhar com aspectos ligados à decolonialidade. Por fim, a questão da diversidade em bibliotecas acadêmicas é vista tanto no aspecto teórico quanto no prático, relacionada às melhores ações de promoção e equidade social.
Conclusões: Apresenta algumas questões ligadas à decolonialidade em bibliotecas universitárias e a função do profissional bibliotecário como agente social.
Ativismo digital como estratégia de enfrentamento à violência sexual: considerações à luz dos estudos decoloniais e das teorias da mediação
Authors: Romeiro Nathália Lima , Nascimento da Silveira Fabrício José
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: discutir, com base em estudos descoloniais e teorias de mediação, o protagonismo social das mulheres no enfrentamento de diferentes formas de violência sexual através da popularização do movimento #primeiroassedio (#primeracoso) no Facebook.
Método: a pesquisa tem uma abordagem mista, utilizando a análise de conteúdo como método interpretativo para estabelecer um diálogo entre as declarações indexadas pela hashtag #primeiroassedio, estudos descoloniais e teorias de mediação, com base nos dados apresentados na dissertação defendida por Romeiro (2019). A fim de organizar os dados coletados, foram estabelecidas as seguintes categorias: fotos, vídeos, notícias e depoimentos. A amostra consistiu de 1.035 publicações, coletadas em um intervalo de três meses (novembro de 2018 a janeiro de 2019), utilizando filtros específicos de determinação geográfica (Brasil), modo de publicação (público) e período (2015 e 2019). Uma análise do uso da hashtag #primeiroassedio (em espanhol #primeracoso), nas redes sociais Facebook, foi realizada com base em estudos descoloniais e teorias de mediação.
Resultado: os testemunhos levantados pela hashtag #primeiroassedio não tinham a intenção de punir os perpetradores, nem de expor suas identidades. Diante disto, a mobilização social em favor da discussão do tema produziu efeitos abstratos, mas com grande poder de transformação da realidade.Conclusões: a mediação está presente nas interações marcadas com a hashtag promovendo um espaço de diálogo, destacando o protagonismo social das mulheres na luta contra as estruturas históricas e notadamente coloniais de opressão, reforçando assim a criação de redes de apoio e a demanda por políticas públicas de combate à violência sexual na sociedade.
Leitura reflexiva para igualdade de gênero: um relato de experiência
Authors: Doyle Andréa , Moura Ana Cláudia Gigli de
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: Relatar a experiência do projeto de extensão “Leitura reflexiva para igualdade de gênero” desenvolvido entre maio e agosto de 2022.
Método: O projeto se fundamenta teoricamente nas teorias feministas, no conceito de bem-viver, de injustiça epistêmica, de competência crítica em informação e de mediação da leitura e usa o método da educadora Bell Hooks de prática educativa baseada em aceitação, afetos e diálogo como meio de se atingir uma formação emancipadora. Ele foi idealizado, colaborativamente, por uma docente e seis discentes e consistiu em seis encontros de leitura, aos sábados, no Skate Parque.
Resultado: Os resultados incluem dificuldades e acertos. Por um lado, não houve participantes de fora do grupo, apesar da divulgação, indicando que ele não conseguiu envolver o público externo; por outro, as discentes relatam desenvolvimento de leitura e de interpretação de texto, além de aumento da segurança para se expressar. Para elas, o projeto proporcionou acesso diferenciado à leitura e promoveu diversas reflexões sobre o tema da igualdade de gênero, além de estimular sua auto-estima.
Conclusões: Conclui que o desenvolvimento da capacidade de leitura crítica a partir de práticas pedagógicas feministas funciona. Além disso, o fortalecimento de nossas estudantes é bom para elas, para nós, para nossa profissão e ajuda a sociedade em geral a dar um pequeno passo em direção à igualdade de gênero.
Educação e democracia no Brasil: do avanço conservador às propostas educacionais
Authors: Boutin Aldimara Catarina Brito Delabona , Flach Simone de Fátima
Published: May 2023

A partir do materialismo histórico e dialético, o presente artigo trata sobre a fragilidade do exercício democrático na atual conjuntura social, política e educacional brasileira. Para tanto, tendo como base bibliográfica debates acerca de democracia e de conservadorismo, e como base empírica duas propostas político-educacionais, tem como objetivo analisar as alterações para a oferta do Ensino Médio, materializadas na Lei nº 13.415/17 e algumas discussões a respeito do Projeto “Escola sem Partido” em trâmite em várias Casas Legislativas do país. Para fundamentar a análise, apresentamos os limites da democracia burguesa vivida sob os ditames da sociedade capitalista, e, indicamos possibilidades para a construção de uma hegemonia que tenha o compromisso com a superação das desigualdades econômicas, sociais e educacionais, com vistas à vivência de outro tipo de democracia. Em seguida, as duas propostas educacionais, a Reforma do Ensino Médio e o Projeto “Escola sem Partido” são apresentados de modo a demonstrar que, sob a tutela de interesses hegemônicos, tais propostas limitam a formação dos estudantes brasileiros. Por fim, indica que tanto a Lei nº 13.415/17 quanto o Projeto “Escola sem Partido” são antidemocráticos, visto que, ao penalizar a formação dos estudantes, também colocam em risco a educação pública brasileira e cerceiam a possibilidade de luta pela emancipação humana.
Real braucht noch mehr Millionen
Authors: Schulz Hans-Jürgen , Stockburger Manfred
Published: May 2023

Das Real-Drama geht nach dem Exit von Tischendorf in die nächste Runde. Vorbesitzer SCP Group springt wieder ein.
Fressnapf rechnet mit 4 Milliarden Euro Erlös
Authors: Hofmann Janine
Published: May 2023

Der Tierbedarfs-Marktführer Fressnapf peilt ein zweistelliges Wachstum und eine neue Erlösschwelle an. Dazu sollen das Onlinegeschäft, der Ausbau des Loyality-Programms sowie die Expansion beitragen.
Ungarn führt Werbepreise per Staatsdekret ein
Authors: Rennack Sebastian
Published: May 2023

Die ungarische Regierung verpflichtet Lebensmittelhändler zu Zwangsaktionen. Preissenkungen sollen die Inflation bremsen. Die Wettbewerbsbehörde sieht die Ursache für steigende Preise aber nicht bei den Händlern.
Edeka Südwest rückt Qualität in den Fokus
Authors: Mende Jan
Published: May 2023

Von weniger Discount und mehr Supermarkt in der Werbung erhofft sich Edeka Südwest im Jahr 2023 steigende Umsätze im Einzelhandel und mindestens stabile Gewinne. Im Vorjahr sorgten Investitionen in Preise und höhere Kosten für schlechtere Ergebnisse.
Manner steigert kräftig den Gewinn
Authors: Fries Tanja
Published: May 2023

Der Waffelspezialist Manner hat 2022 unter anderem wegen gestiegener Verkaufspreise mehr verdient. In Deutschland wachsen die Österreicher mit der Marke Manner stärker als der Markt – das Ergebnis bricht jedoch ein.
Kleiner Dämpfer für Hochland
Authors: Lenders Dirk
Published: May 2023

Das enorme Umsatzplus von 29Prozent sorgt bei den erfolgsverwöhnten Hochländern nicht für gute Laune, denn dem stehen deutliche Kostensteigerungen entgegen. Das drückt die Rendite des Käseriesen. In diesem Jahr peilt er aber wieder 5 Prozent Marge an.
Keine Kompromisse
Authors: Düthmann Christiane
Published: May 2023

Die globale Erwärmung macht angesichts von Kriegen und Krisen keine Pause. Der Klimawandel schreitet immer schneller voran. Schon jetzt lässt sich das Ziel, den Temperaturanstieg auf 1,5 Grad zu begrenzen, kaum noch erreichen. Jedes Zehntelgrad zählt, jeder Kompromiss wäre faul. Der Handel verstärkt deshalb seine CO₂-Einsparmaßnahmen, vom Sortiment bis zur Verpackung, von der Lieferkette bis zur Logistik. Trotz Inflation und Konsumzurückhaltung. Christiane Düthmann
Bio geht in Masse
Authors: Nissen Madeleine
Published: May 2023

Discounter und Verbände vereinen ihre Kräfte, um Bio in der Breite anzubieten. Das funktioniert bei einfachen Produkten gut. Schwieriger ist die Sortimentstiefe. Madeleine Nissen
Margendruck belastet die Händler
Authors: Nusser Bernd
Published: May 2023

Die Führungskräfte des Lebensmitteleinzelhandels blicken dem weiteren Jahresverlauf verhalten entgegen, wie eine international angelegte Umfrage von McKinsey und EuroCommerce ergibt. Die Studienautoren stellen immerhin eine Abschwächung der Inflation in Aussicht.
Payback rüstet sich für Mobile-First-Ära
Authors: Saal Marco
Published: May 2023

Immer mehr Einkäufe finden auf oder mit dem Smartphone statt. Das weiß auch Payback – und reagiert. Mit einem umfassenden Redesign will sich der Bonusprogrammanbieter fit für die Mobile-First-Ära machen.
Lebenshaltung bereitet gravierende Sorgen
Authors: Nusser Bernd
Published: May 2023

Im Einklang mit ähnlichen Studien registriert auch die Unternehmensberatung Oliver Wyman in ihrer aktuellen Befragung ein verändertes Verbraucherverhalten – und benennt die derzeit wichtigsten Sparstrategien. Laut Studie von Simon-Kucher will mehr als ein Drittel weniger in Konsum investieren.
Audio für Kinder in Bewegung
Authors: Biester Silke
Published: May 2023

Das Startup Kekz bietet ein eigenständiges System für die Hör-bedürfnisse von Kindern. Die Beteiligung des Musikers Peter Maffay sowie des Playmobil-Herstellers Horst Brandstätter Group an dem Unternehmen sorgen für Aufmerksamkeit und treiben die Distribution im Handel voran.
Planted will expandieren
Authors: Bender Ralf
Published: May 2023

Alternative Proteine bleiben nach Einschätzung der Planted AG ein Wachstumsmarkt. Ein neuer Standort im EU-Raum soll bei der weiteren Expansion helfen.
„Wir gehen innovative Wege“
Authors: Bender Ralf
Published: May 2023

Mit der Fermentationstechnik will sich Planted im Markt der Fleischalternativen vom Wettbewerb abgrenzen. Entscheidend sei ein besseres Geschmackserlebnis zu einem niedrigeren Preis bei geringerer Umweltbelastung.
Bell baut Convenience-Konzepte aus
Authors: Bender Ralf
Published: May 2023

Convenience-Lösungen werden für die Bell Food Group immer wichtiger. Das gilt gleichermaßen für das Geschäft im Einzelhandel wie auch im Food Service.
Mövenpick baut Marktstellung aus
Authors: Bender Ralf
Published: May 2023

Um zehn Prozent hat Mövenpick seinen Umsatz mit Fine Food im deutschen Handel gesteigert. Mit ausschlaggebend dafür war ein komplett überarbeiteter Markenauftritt. Dafür wurde erstmals eine nationale Kampagne gefahren.
Wander plant Plus
Authors: Bender Ralf
Published: May 2023

Nach dem hohen Wachstum während der beiden Corona-Jahre hat sich die Nachfrage im LEH abgeschwächt. Wander rechnet für 2023 dennoch mit einer deutlich positiven Entwicklung.
Nomoq spezialisiert sich auf Digitaldruck
Authors: Bender Ralf
Published: May 2023

Für Hersteller von Craft-Bier und andere kleine Produzenten war der Dosenmarkt bislang schwer zu erschließen. Nomoq will das ändern und bietet die Bedruckung ohne Mindestmengen an.
Union und Grüne im Clinch
Authors: Schirmacher Henrike
Published: May 2023

Berlin. Am Freitag kommen die Agrarminister von Bund und Ländern zu einer Sondersitzung in Berlin zusammen. Die Transformation der Tierhaltung steht im Zentrum des Treffens. Bundeslandwirtschaftsminister Cem Özdemir muss die Agrarminister der Union von seinem Konzept überzeugen.
Im glokalen Kontext
Authors: Deininger Olaf
Published: May 2023

Beim Zukunftsdialog Agrar und Ernährung der agrarzeitung am kommenden Donnerstag in der Alten Münze in Berlin diskutieren wir mit Vertretern von Erzeugern, Industrie und Handel, von Politik und NGOs über die großen Herausforderungen der AgriFood-Branche. Noch können Sie sich anmelden.
TA-Luft im Fokus
Authors: Schirmacher Henrike
Published: May 2023

Berlin. Die Ampelkoalitionäre im Bund haben wichtige Weichen für den Umbau der Nutztierhaltung gestellt. Allerdings kann die Transformation nur ins Rollen kommen, wenn sich die Agrarminister von Bund und Ländern auf die Privilegierung bestimmter Ställe mit Blick auf immissionsschutzrechtliche Vorgaben einigen.
IVA plädiert für Smart Farming
Authors: Schaal René
Published: May 2023

Frankfurt a.M. Der Umbau der Landwirtschaft zu mehr Nachhaltigkeit wird nur gelingen, wenn die Politik Innovationen wie Biologicals, Grünes Ammoniak, Digitalisierung und Präzisionslandwirtschaft konsequenter fördert. Das war eine der zentralen Aussagen auf der diesjährigen Jahrespressekonferenz des Industrieverbands Agrar (IVA).
„Zinsen lassen Kaufzurückhaltung erwarten“
Authors: Deininger Olaf
Published: May 2023

Die Land- und Baumaschinen-Fachbetriebe erwarten unruhige Zeiten. Im Interview erklärt Verbandspräsident Ulf Kopplin, wie die Firmen damit umgehen.
Milchmengen steigen marginal
Authors: Lenz Frank
Published: May 2023

Göttingen. Die Anlieferungen in Deutschland streben langsam ihrem saisonalen Höhepunkt entgegen. Dieser wird für die zweite Maihälfte erwartet.
FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF LANDSCAPE AND NATURAL COMPLEXES IN THE INDUSTRIAL CITIES OF THE PRE-URALS
Authors: Тагирова О.В. , Уразгильдин Р.В. , Гиниятуллин Р.Х. , Янбаев Ю.А. , Кулагин А.Ю.
Published: May 2023

Показано, что освоение территорий расположения Уфимского и Стерлитамакского промышленных центров в 1850–2020 гг. сопровождалось масштабной вырубкой лесов. При этом часть из них была сохранена, а с 50-х годов ХХ в. успешно реализована программа по созданию санитарно-защитных насаждений. Развитие и увеличение площади городов и формирование ландшафтно-природных комплексов промышленных центров происходит за счет освоения лесных территорий и сельскохозяйственных земель. Современное состояние лесных насаждений Уфимского и Стерлитамакского промышленных центров оценивается как удовлетворительное. Однако культуры тополя Populus balsamifera L. (лесные культуры созданы в 40 – 50-х годах ХХ в.) вступают в критический возраст, и в настоящее время требуются проведение массовых вырубок и реконструкция данных насаждений. Проведение лесохозяйственных мероприятий должно основываться на инвен- таризации состояния лесных насаждений и обосновании и проведении реконструкции насаждений на территории промышленного центра в целях выполнения экологических функций.

It is shown that the development of the territories of the location of the Ufa and Sterlitamak industrial centers for the period 1850–2020 was accompanied by large-scale deforestation. At the same time, part of the forests was preserved, and since the 1950s, a program has been successfully implemented to create sanitary-protective plantations. The development and increase in the area of cities and the formation of landscape-natural complexes of industrial centers occurs due to the development of forest territories and agricultural lands. The current state of forest plantations in the Ufa and Sterlitamak industrial centers is assessed as satisfactory. However, the plantations of a poplar, Populus balsamifera L. (stands were created in the 40–50s of the XX century) are entering a critical age, and mass felling and reconstruction of these plantations is currently required. The implementation of forestry measures should be based on an inventory of the state of stands and their reconstruction on the territory of the industrial center in order to perform ecological functions.
Innovative Digital Tools for Online Learning
Authors: Gecu-Parmaksiz Zeynep , Hughes Janette
Published: May 2023

Professional development (PD) is crucial in creating a successful and effective teaching and learning environment. Due to the COVID-19 crisis, many teachers had to learn and master technology quickly. Therefore, PD programs became highly important to support teachers’ needs while exploring and learning online tech tools and implementing them in their educational environment. During Spring 2021, 14 educators participated in PD sessions related to mathematics and making activities and focused on introducing new virtual tech tools (CoSpaces Edu, iRobot, Tinkercad, Scratch, Ozobot). The primary goal of this paper was to gain insight into teachers’ user experiences regarding the tech tools and to understand their experiences and challenges using these tools in online settings. The study results showed that some teachers found it challenging to access technological tools and allocate time to design and create learning environments with them, especially during the pandemic. However, they were aware of the potential and advantages of these tech tools, such as increasing student motivation and engagement, supporting hands-on learning, and exploring curriculum connections.
Crecimiento de plantas de Pinus arizonica Engelm. inoculadas con Pisolithus tinctorius y Astraeus hygrometricus en invernadero
Authors: Quiñónez-Martínez Miroslava , Gómez-Flores Liliana de J. , Garza-Ocañas Fortunato , Valero-Galván José , Nájera-Medellín Jesús A.
Published: May 2023

Introducción: Las asociaciones ectomicorrícicas son un componente esencial para el ciclo de nutrientes y la salud del bosque.Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos de la inoculación de esporas de los hongos ectomicorrícicos Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch y Astraeus hygrometricus (Pers.) Morgan sobre el crecimiento de Pinus arizonica Engelm.Materiales y métodos: Se aplicaron tres tratamientos de inoculación fúngica (A. hygrometricus, P. tinctorius y Ectorrize®) con tres volúmenes (10, 25 y 50 mL: 106 esporas∙mL-1) y un grupo control sin inóculo. Las variables medidas fueron supervivencia y colonización micorrícica; altura de la planta; longitud y diámetro del follaje; longitud de la raíz y biomasa. Las ectomicorrizas se caracterizaron y se hizo un análisis mineral de elementos nutricionales en el sistema aéreo y radicular. Los efectos de las especies fúngicas y el volumen del inóculo se determinaron mediante un ANOVA aleatorizado (α = 0.05).Resultados y discusión: El volumen de inoculante no tuvo efecto significativo (P > 0.05) sobre las variables, pero sí hubo diferencias entre la especie fúngica y el control (P ≤ 0.05); siendo P. tinctorius el de mayor efecto significativo. Las plantas inoculadas tuvieron mayor tasa de supervivencia y mayor cantidad de minerales en la composición en comparación con las no inoculadas (P ≤ 0.05). Las ectomicorrizas mostraron claras diferencias morfológicas; se observó la red de Hartig como indicador.Conclusión: La inoculación con los hongos ectomicorrícicos causó mejoras en el desarrollo morfológico de P. arizonica. Se recomienda la dosis más pequeña de inóculo (10 mL: 106 esporas∙mL-1), principalmente del hongo P. tinctorius.
Pérdida de cobertura vegetal riparia por acciones de desazolve del río Pitillal en Jalisco
Authors: Canales-Gómez Eréndira , Peña-Joya Karen E. , Cruz-Romero Bartolo , Téllez-López Jorge
Published: May 2023

Introducción: Los disturbios antrópicos como los desazolves afectan los componentes estructurales y funcionales de los bosques riparios, comprometiendo su capacidad de proveer servicios ecosistémicos.Objetivos: Cuantificar la pérdida de cobertura vegetal de un bosque ripario por acciones de desazolve en el río Pitillal (Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco).Materiales y métodos: Se utilizó el índice multiespectral NDVI en conjunto con matrices de cambio de uso de suelo y vegetación para determinar la extensión, pérdida de cobertura vegetal e impacto al momento del desazolve y un año después del suceso.Resultados y discusión: La superficie de desazolve fue 6.93 ha, de las cuales 2.82 ha (40.7 %) fueron áreas severamente afectadas con pérdida total de cobertura vegetal; el suelo desnudo incrementó superficialmente en 736 %. Un año después del desazolve, se identificó el inicio de un proceso de sucesión, siendo el suelo desnudo reemplazado por herbáceas y arbustos.Conclusión: El bosque presentó daño severo a causa del desazolve, pero mostró posible recuperación después del impacto.
Biología de la generación sexual de Loxaulus hyalinus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) en encinares de Quercus laeta Liebm. de la Ciudad de México
Authors: Barrera-Ruiz Uriel M. , Cibrián-Tovar David , Llanderal-Cázares Celina , González-Hernández Héctor , Rodríguez-Leyva Esteban , Pujade-Villar Juli
Published: May 2023

Introducción: Loxaulus hyalinus es un cinípido (Hymenoptera) que ataca encinares (Quercus laeta Liebm.) de la Ciudad de México. La biología y el potencial de daño del insecto se desconoce. Objetivos: Describir la biología de la fase sexual de L. hyalinus y sus efectos en Q. laeta, así como enlistar los inquilinos y parasitoides asociados. Materiales y métodos: Para determinar el periodo de cada estado de L. hyalinus se recolectaron agallas de ramillas infestadas que se disecaron periódicamente, para describir su desarrollo y la presencia de inquilinos y parasitoides en el periodo 2019- 2022. Resultados y discusión: La generación sexual inició a partir de octubre cuando se observaron los primeros síntomas del desarrollo de las agallas en ramillas, y concluyó en mayo del siguiente año, cuando los adultos emergieron. La presencia de una gran cantidad de agallas altera el patrón de crecimiento de la copa de los árboles. Se encontraron dos especies de Synergus como inquilinos y nueve géneros de parasitoides calcidoideos asociados a L. hyalinus. Conclusiones: La generación sexual de L. hyalinus se desarrolla en las agallas de ramilla y su único hospedante confirmado es Q. laeta. Dicha plaga no ocasiona la muerte de su hospedante, pero sí afecta severamente la forma de la copa.
The Theology of Poverty in the Perspective Al-Qur'an Maqasidi Interpretation
Authors: Fauziyah Nur
Published: May 2023

Poverty is a complex problem, the impact of poverty spreading to various aspects of life. Poverty is a phenomenon and a fact that has not been able to be resolved well since then. Such conditions need to be seen from the perspective of the Koran, how the Koran explains the problem of poverty. This paper is a qualitative research based on library research. This research uses the interpretation approach of maqashidi, where the basic principle is maqashid al-Qur'an and maqashid al-Shari'ah. The results of this study include; First, poverty is a state that will always exist, among its aims to balance the rich people as a form of social care and so that someone tries more to improve their quality of life. Secondly, attention paid to poverty is a form of contributing to islah al-Mujtama’, islah al-fard, hifz al-din, hidz al-mal, hifz al-nasl, dan hifz al-nafs.
Strategi Pengurus Pondok Pesantren Dalam Membina Kedisiplinan Belajar Santri
Authors: Bahtiar Yuyun , Syaifuddin Maskur , Khasibah Nur
Published: May 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi pengelolaan pondok pesantren, disiplin belajar santri di pondok pesantren Al-Hadi II Tambakberas Jombang dan faktor pendukung dan penghambat pondok pesantren dalam mendorong disiplin belajar. Metode penelitian kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini karena data yang dikumpulkan berupa kata-kata. Untuk memperoleh data yang diperlukan, peneliti menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data yang meliputi observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Keabsahan data kemudian diperiksa dengan menambahkan persistensi dan triangulasi. Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang strategi pengelolaan pondok pesantren dalam mendorong disiplin belajar santri dalam hal ini menitikberatkan pada strategi pengelolaan pondok pesantren yang pertama. starategi pengurus pondok pesantren: 1. santri harus mahir dalam berperilaku disiplin 2. nasehat dan teguran 3. pemberian motivasi, kedua kedisiplinan belajar santri: 1. kegiatan diniyah, 2. pembelajaran muhadaroh, 3. ceramah kajian, 4. kegiatan belajar tahfiz, 5. kegiatan sholat berjamaah, ketiga faktor pendukung: 1. semua Santri tinggal di asrama, 2. pengurus yang memadai, 3. aturan dan sanksi yang jelas, sedangkan faktor penghambatnya: 1. kurangnya sarana dan prasarana, 2. karena beberapa pengurus tinggal jauh dari pesantren. Maka dapat dikatakan bahwa strategi pengurus pondok pesantren dalam mendorong kedisiplinan santri sangat disiplin dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan pondok pesantren.
Teachers' Perspective on the Obstacles and Challenges in Teaching and Learning English to Non-native Speakers using a Quantitative Research Method
Authors: Thane Dr. Soe
Published: May 2023

Learning a language is no easy process. Although English is a worldwide language, mastering all four micro skills is difficult. There are several problems and stumbling blocks to mastering English, particularly for non-native speakers such as Myanmar students. For example, insufficient teaching and learning materials, large numbers of students in classes, utilizing their native language in spite of English, not being in an English-speaking setting, less confident in speaking English and using the incorrect syllabus. These are only a few examples. I occasionally teach English in Myanmar. In both teaching and learning English in Myanmar, I encountered several hurdles and barriers. It motivates me to conduct particular studies on the difficulties that students and instructors face in Myanmar.I used the quantitative research approach to determine the specific issues and impediments experienced in teaching and learning English. I implemented Google Form to identify the most relevant 15 questions for instructors, which took about two months, and I received 47 replies out of 50 surveys on obstacles in teaching English. Through the survey findings, we could clearly see what hurdles and obstacles Myanmar instructors had throughout their teaching and how they dealt with all of these concerns, as well as their dos and don'ts remarks and wise advise. Then I concluded by outlining how we should use the recommended strategies and implementations to overcome all of the obstacles that we have when teaching and learning English.
The Archetype and Shifting Morphology of Sri Lankan Mosque Architecture
Authors: Raheem Jesmil Abdul
Published: May 2023

Sri Lanka is home to a number of historic mosques that date back over a thousand years and were built during various eras. In an attempt to fill the knowledge gap on such topic, particularly in regard to the built context of historic mosques in Sri Lanka, this paper illustrates the plan typology of mosques and compares them with the known Muslims architectural typologies. Is the design of the historical mosques in Sri Lanka related to a particular Islamic architectural style? Was the primary inquiry driving the study? The research's goal is to examine mosque plan arrangement typologies and determine how closely these typologies resemble well-known Muslims design elements. The approach includes providing examples of well-known Islamic architectural styles from around the globe and choosing historical mosques to graphically analyze and compare with Muslims architectural styles. A typological trend in Sri Lanka's historic mosques was identified through research. The discussion in this article emphasizes the similarity between the known Muslims architectural mosque typologies and the typology of historical mosques in Sri Lanka. As a consequence, the architectural floor plan typologies of Sri Lanka's historic mosques were identified. Numerous kinds of plans, including Ottoman, Umayyad, and Mughal were found to be effective. The results of the recent study showed that Sri Lanka's ancient mosques have different types of plans. This paper will discuss the history of the development of structures and the origins of their various components.
Post-Colonial Time: The Evaluation of Printmaking Practice and Present Time
Authors: Nag Koustav
Published: May 2023

Printmaking has a long and rich history that dates back thousands of years. The earliest forms of printmaking were developed in ancient china, where the artist would create prints using wood blocks as early as the 7th century. However, in the 15th century in Europe, printmaking began to develop into a proper art form. Johannesburg was a German goldsmith printer and inventor widely credited with movable type printing in the mid-15th century. In 1455 Bible was the first important Book in history. In the 16th century, Goa was the first place in India where printing technology started during the British period. Initially, it was used for religious printing and some commercial printing, like religious posters, pamphlets etc. later 20th century, this printing process transformed into fine art printmaking techniques. It became an educational part of developing printing technology and technician. This printing technology became a curriculum for the Art & Craft College, like Madras art college, Kolkata Govt. Art and Craft College, J.J art college, Lahore art college (now in Pakistan), and another essential college is Kala Bhavana under the Visva Bharati University. From post-colonial to contemporary times, printing to printmaking evolved in many ways. Most places academically followed the colonial curriculum, but commercial printing technology rapidly changed. Academically Visva Bharati University Santiniketan develops new technology for the students.
Munshi Premchand and Dalit Literature: Breaking the Definition Gap
Authors: Naskar Sumit
Published: May 2023

Of late ‘Dalit Literature’ as a literary genre has been in vogue. But even before the introduction of the term, ‘Dalit Literature’, we were blessed to have a great writer, Dhanpat Rai Srivastava known by his pen name Munshi Premchand who wrote some extraordinary texts to make the people understand how the colonial India was conflicted by religion, casteism, discrimination and exploitation of lower-class people or Dalits. In fact, through his writings he seems to emerge as a singularly powerful cultural symbol around which Dalit literary and political identities are constituted. It is undeniable that Dalits are still marginalised in one way or the other. But the contention arises with some of the works of Premchand for which he is being denominated as ‘anti-dalit’ recently by some Dalit writers and critics. This paper discusses the valuable contribution of Premchand to Dalit Literature and throws question on the existing definition of Dalit Literature.
Phenomena of Intense Climatic Changes over the Territory of Ukraine and a Vision for the Extension of the Climatic Monitoring System
Authors: Faybishenko Boris , Romashchenko Mikhail , Saydak Roman , Biraud Sebastien
Published: May 2023

The purpose of the presentation is to present evidence and analyze the temporal-spatial changes in the climatic zonation of the territory of Ukraine based on the evaluation of the following metrics of meteorological and water balance parameters for the period from 1945 to 2021: temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, evapotranspiration (ET), Standard Precipitation Index (SPI), and Standard Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). We then performed multivariate and univariate (ET and SPEI) hierarchical clustering and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for periods before and after the temporal structural breaks/breakthroughs, which were used for zonation and 2D mapping of the territory of Ukraine. These data indicate a remarkable pattern of the spatial and temporal variability of climatic changes within the territory of Ukraine, which apparently exceeded the averaged trend of global warming. The most significant increase in temperature occurred in January–March and July–August periods. Almost in all regions of Ukraine, with the exception of central and northern parts, annual precipitation slightly increased, with the most significant increase in precipitation during the September–October period. Despite of a slight increase in precipitation, the level of moisture supply within the territory of Ukraine, resulting from the increased evaporation, has significantly worsened. However, the obtained 2D spatio-temporal data are insufficient to explain the impact of climatic processes on land-atmosphere processes in Ukraine. We hypothesize that an extension of the FLUXNET global network of micrometeorological tower sites (based on the application of eddy covariance methods) over the territory of Ukraine is needed to measure and calculate vertical turbulent fluxes within atmospheric boundary layers. This will help construct reliable 3D climatic models, which will help explain the impact of observed climatic changes on water cycle in Ukraine and surrounding European regions.
Runoff generation mechanism in a headwater experimental catchment with semi-humid monsoon climate in North China
Authors: Tian Fuqiang , Zhao Sihan
Published: May 2023

An experimental headwater catchment has been setup in a typical monsoon-influenced semi-humid mountainous forest of North China and long-term field measurements of hydrological processes have been conducted. Samples were collected for isotope (δ18O and δ2H) and hydro-chemical analysis since 2014. Based on long-term hydro-chemical and isotopic data, the principal components of streamflow were defined and fractional components of stream flow separations were estimated, the result shows that groundwater and streamflow isotopic compositions are very similar and streamflow is controlled by a deep groundwater system that is recharged only in one or two large events (or clusters of events) each year. The two-component isotope hydrograph separation has been applied in 6 intensively sampled events, the results suggest that groundwater makes up 63-94% of the storm runoff，event water plays a relatively tiny role. Based on numerical modeling and statistics methods, impact of rainfall and hydraulic conductivity heterogeneity on Hortonian overland flow patterns have been analyzed, possibilities of Hortonian overland flow occurrence have been estimated in different climatic and underlying occasions, the result shows due to high permeability and low rainfall intensity, in more than 95% of total events, Hortonian overland flow couldn’t occur in the study area. Runoff generation mechanism in semi-humid mountainous catchment have been revealed based on multi-scale measurements and numerical modeling, when rainfall intensity and duration are lower than certain threshold, surface runoff generation is consisted of groundwater runoff, direct rainfall on channel and saturation overland flow. Onsite observation shows that surface runoff contributing area in the watershed mainly distributed in riparian zone, and our result shows saturation overland flow is the dominant type of surface runoff generation in most summer rainfall events.
Measuring Soil Properties and Processes with Thermo-Time Domain Reflectometry Sensors
Authors: Horton Robert , Ren Tusheng , Heitman Joshua , Lu Yili , Fu Yongwei
Published: May 2023

Recent advancements in fine-scale thermo-TDR measurements of soil thermal and electrical properties provide opportunities to measure state variables in soil (temperature, water content, ice content, and air-filled porosity), soil properties (bulk density, thermal diffusivity, volumetric heat capacity, thermal conductivity, and bulk electrical conductivity) and energy and mass fluxes in soil (sensible heat, latent heat for evaporation or freezing, infiltrating liquid water, and upward moving liquid water).  It is also possible to estimate soil hydraulic properties from thermo-TDR thermal property and electrical property measurements. This presentation will include laboratory and field investigations that demonstrate the usefulness of thermo-TDR measurements to characterize heat and mass transfer properties and fluxes in soil.
Drought Monitoring using the Enhanced Complementary Relationship of Evapotranspiration and Remote Sensing
Authors: Kim Homin , Kaluarachchi Jagath
Published: May 2023

Many operational drought indices use precipitation and temperature data together with vegetation conditions obtained with advanced remote sensing technologies. However, there are only a few indices that use actual evapotranspiration (ET) but still do not address the effect of precipitation. In this work, we brought actual ET using enhanced complementary relationship method to include precipitation and vegetation conditions when depicting drought conditions.  We compared the proposed drought index with the U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM) which is widely used within the United States. The results of this study showed that the drought patterns from the proposed drought index are consistent with USDM, and the use of an accurate ET method improved its performance as a drought index. The key strengths of this study are that the proposed index can serve as an indicator of rapid droughts developing over a few weeks, and uniquely describes the drought conditions with vegetation conditions which have large impacts on predictions compared to other drought indices.
Building reliable hydrological models for climate change studies
Authors: Dal Molin Marco , Fenicia Fabrizio
Published: May 2023

Climate change modifies the magnitude and timing of precipitation, temperature patterns, and snow dynamics. Hence, it can have a huge impact on water resources, conditioning their availability and generating great losses due, for example, to draughts and floods. Climate models can provide future scenarios but, in order to assess the consequences on the water cycle, they need to be coupled with reliable hydrological models. A desirable feature of such models is that they are realistic in their process representation, as operative conditions (e.g. future climate), can be very different from the ones under which the model is developed and calibrated. Hence, hydrological models, in order to be credible, they have to be subjected to stringent scrutiny. In this work, we present a procedure to construct conceptual, semi-distributed hydrological models that operate at the catchment scale. The procedure consists in constraining the models to match relevant signatures of the variability of catchment responses, and in testing them in space-time validation. The procedure is shown for the Thur catchment in Switzerland, with 10 internal subcatchments. We show that the application of the proposed approach results in hydrological models that produce reliable results also in conditions that are different from calibration, and therefore are potentially useful in climate change scenarios.
Influence of soil hydrological conditions on the accumulation of heavy metals in tree species in the post-mining landscape of Freiberg, Germany (Saxony)
Authors: Lovynska Viktoriia , Wiche Oliver , Montzka Carsten , Syntyk Svitlana , Sivaprasad Visakh , Samarska Alla , Mengen David
Published: May 2023

The post-mining landscape of Freiberg, Saxony, Germany is characterized by soils with elevated concentrations of non-essential elements, particularly arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb). While literature on soil mineralization and factors influencing the soil-plant transfer in managed agroecosystems is extensive, information on the accumulation in native woody plant species, including soil-associated factors influencing their accumulation, is still lacking. In this study, we evaluated the concentrations of 24 elements, including As, Cd and Pb in leaves and branches of three taxa of tree species (Betula pendula, Populus tremula and Salix spec.) throughout the study area and compared the results with data on potentially plant available element concentrations in soil (sequential extraction), total element concentrations as well as with remote sensing data on surface soil moisture and water availability in the root-zone. Populus tremula and Salix spec. were identified as plant species that are suitable for bioindication of soil pollution. Leaf concentrations were substantially higher compared to branches. The concentrations in leaves largely reflected the availability of elements in soil. Concomitantly, higher soil-plant-transfer of elements correlated with remote sensing data, onsurface water accumulation and water content in the root-zone. This suggests that higher soil water contents increase the availability of the toxic elements to plants and/or impacts the translocation of elements to aboveground plant parts. The contribution of soil-associated factors and plant-associated factors to the hyperaccumulation observed remains a field for further research. Nevertheless, we could demonstrate that coupling leaf analysis with remote sensing data on soil moisture could be a promising approach in environmental assessments as well as in phytoremediation and phytomining approaches.  