bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Succession rates and patterns twelve years after land use abandonment in the estuary of the river aliakmon, n. greece
Authors: Xystrakis Fotios , Theodoropoulos Kostantinos , Eleftheriadou Eleni , Samaras Dimitrios A. , Damianidis Christos , Papadopoulos Theodoros
Published: February 2014

Vegetation succession is a key element for research studying biodiversity losses, effects of climatic change on ecosystems, invasive species and restoration of ecosystems in which human activities have shifted their natural or semi-natural vegetation. Surrogate variables like Pignatti's bioindicator values or dissimilarity indices can provide further insights regarding succession trajectories aggregating the combined effects of changes in the cover/abundance of taxa. The land-use abandonment in an area in the estuary of the River Aliakmon, N. Greece, provides an opportunity to study medium-term rates and patterns during the first twelve years of vegetation succession. Cluster and time-series analyses of turnover rates, Sørensen's dissimilarity index and Pignatti's bioindicator values revealed clear differences in succession patterns and rates among permanent plots. Succession rates and patterns in the study area were found to be dominated by two ecological factors. On the one hand, availability of fresh water, assumed by the proximity to the river, allows the fast growing Populus alba to develop a forest canopy that radically alters the shading environment which, in its turn, controls succession trajectories. Increased soil salinity on the other hand, allows salt-tolerant taxa to be quickly established, and defines the species inventory on these sites as early as the first years of succession.
Migrant worker and Mental health in Nepal
Authors: Editor The
Published: February 2014

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpan.v1i1.9917Journal of Psychiatrists' Association of Nepal Vol.1(1) 2011
Depression in Elderly
Authors: Pradhan SN
Published: February 2014

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpan.v1i1.9921 Journal of Psychiatrists' Association of Nepal Vol.1(1) 2011: 13-14
Do psychiatrists sufficiently understand the statistical measures used in clinical research?
Authors: Kunwar AR
Published: February 2014

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpan.v1i1.9924 Journal of Psychiatrists' Association of Nepal Vol.1(1) 2011: 24-25
Psychiatric Manifestation of Neurosyphilis
Authors: Tulachan P , Chapagain M , Sharma VD
Published: February 2014

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpan.v1i1.9925 Journal of Psychiatrists' Association of Nepal Vol.1(1) 2011: 26-27
Isolation and Identification of Pasteurella multocida from Chicken for the Preparation of Oil Adjuvanted Vaccine
Authors: Ievy Samina , Khan Mohammad Ferdousur Rahman , Islam Md Ariful , Rahman Md Bahanur
Published: February 2014

The research work was performed for the isolation and identification of Pasteurella multocida from field cases, preparation of oil adjuvanted vaccine from isolated strain and determination of its efficacy. Samples were collected from suspected dead birds of three poultry farms of Bangladesh (Code name: M and R). The P. multocida isolates were Gram negative, non-motile, non- spore forming rod occurring singly or pairs and occasionally as chains or filaments. Biochemically P. multocida ferment basic sugar and consistently produced acid except from maltose and lactose. After isolation formalin killed oil adjuvanted Fowl cholera vaccine was prepared in Laboratory of the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, BAU and this experimental vaccine (3.2x108 CFU/ml) was administered in nine weeks old White Leg Horn chickens at the different dose rate through intramuscular (IM) route in each selected group A (1ml alum precipitated vaccine), B (0.5ml alum precipitated vaccine), C (1ml oil adjuvanted vaccine) and D (0.5ml oil adjuvanted vaccine). Pre-vaccinated sera were collected from all groups of birds. The mean of Passive Hemagglutination (PHA) titers of post-vaccination were 51±17.8, 76.8±17, 89.6±17, and 115±17.81 in group A, B, C and D respectively which consist of 5 birds in each. The vaccine produced better immune response when boostering with the similar dose and route at 15 days after primary vaccination. The mean PHA titers were higher at group D than other groups after boostering. Challenge infection was conducted on all the vaccinated and control group (n=5) of birds after 15 days of vaccination which protect 93.75% of birds and the PHA titers from different groups analyzed to determine the protective capacity of vaccinated chickens against challenge exposure. It was demonstrated that experimental oil adjuvanted fowl cholera vaccine with 0.5ml dose produce higher immune response against challenge infection and found to be safe. Microbes and Health, June 2013, 2(1): 1-4DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/mh.v2i1.17253
Prevalence of Multidrug Resistant Escherichia Coli in Pigeon in Mymensingh, Bangladesh
Authors: Dey Rubel Kanti , Khatun Mst Minara , Islam Md Ariful , Hosain Md Sahadat
Published: February 2014

To determine prevalence of antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli in pigeon a total of 112 samples such as cloacal swabs (n=36), foot pads (n=36) and feces (n=40) were collected from pigeon aseptically. Samples were enriched in nutrient broth and then streaked onto eosine methylene blue agar, Salmonella-Shigella agar, MacConkey agar and blood agar. The cultural and biochemical characteristics of bacterial isolates of pigeon were indicative of E. coli. The prevalence of E. coli in cloacal swabs, foot pads and feces samples were 86.11%, 44.44% and 77.50%, respectively. The overall prevalence of E. coli in pigeon was 69.64% (78 of 122 samples were found positive for E. coli). The antibiotic sensitivity pattern showed that E. coli isolates were sensitive to erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid and resistant to amoxicillin, tetracycline and sulphamethaxazole. It may be concluded that pigeons from Mymensingh locality in Bangladesh carry multidrug resistant E. coli. Data of this study will be helpful in creating public health awareness among people and help controlling transmission of drug resistant E. coli by undertaking effective sanitary and hygienic measures. Microbes and Health, June 2013, 2(1): 5-7DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/mh.v2i1.17254
Bacterial Flora of Koi (Anabas testudineus) Harvested from Ponds and Their Antibiogram
Authors: Zaman Begum Safia , Khatun Mst Minara , Islam Md Ariful , Sharmin Shadia , Kulsum Umme , Hoq M Enamul
Published: February 2014

Fish is known to harbour bacteria of public health importance. Aquatic environments of ponds are known to influence the bacterial loads of the harvested fish. The present work was undertaken to determine total viable count (TVC) and isolation and identification of bacteria from Koi fish, mud and water samples of two selected ponds managed and owned by the Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI) and two ponds located at Muktagacha, Mymensingh, managed by private owners. Fish (n=16), mud (n=16) and water (n=16) samples were collected from all 4 ponds. Samples were cultured on plate count agar to determine TVC. Fish harvested from Muktagacha ponds had statistically higher bacterial count (8.44 ± 0.04 log10 CFU/ml) when compared to BFRI ponds (7.92±0.17 log10 CFU/ml) (p? 0.05). Similarly, highest TVC was found in mud and water samples of Muktagacha ponds (6.87±0.73 and 7.41±0.04 log10 CFU/ml, respectively) compared to mud and water samples of BFRI ponds (5.04 ±0.07 and 5.40±0.09 log10 CFU/ml, respectively). Samples were inoculated onto appropriate selective media for isolation of bacteria. Total 257 bacterial isolates representing five genera were identified: Pseudomonas spp. (21.40%), Aeromonas spp. (33.46%), Vibrio spp. (14.78%), Salmonella spp. (21.40%) and E. coli (8.94%). Antibiotic sensitivity assay showed multidrug resistant profiles of Pseudomonas sp., Aeromonas sp., Salmonella sp. and E. coli. These bacteria are known to cause food borne illness in humans and spoilage of fish. Microbes and Health, June 2013, 2(1): 8-11DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/mh.v2i1.17255
Isolation and Characterization of Microflora from Human Urine
Authors: Parvin Kohinoor , Rahman Nahid , Rahman M Mostafizur , Islam M Alimul
Published: February 2014

The research work was conducted to isolate & characterized the bacteria isolated from mid-stream urine of human. A total of 30 samples were collected from patients with urinary tract infection (n=10samples); diabetic patients (n=10samples) & apparently healthy individuals (n=10samples). Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp. and Bacillus spp. was the predominant bacterial flora of human urine. Among the isolates, the prevalence of Escherichia coli was highest (80%) compared to Staphylococcus spp.(14%) and Bacillus spp.(6%). E. coli isolated from 6 different sources were found to be highly virulent, moderately virulent, less virulent and avirulent categories as observed in day-old suckling mice. Antibiotic sensitivity profiles suggest that nalidixic acid will be the first drugs of choice to treat the UTI caused by E. coli and arythromycin, ampicillin and azithromycin will be the second drugs of choice to treat the UTI caused by Staphylococcus spp and Bacillus spp. respectively. Microbes and Health, June 2013, 2(1): 15-18DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/mh.v2i1.17257
Isolation and Identification of Bacterial Agents Causing Clinical Mastitis in Cattle in Mymensingh and Their Antibiogram Profile
Authors: Rahman Md Tanvir , Islam Md Shafiqul , Hasan Mahmudul
Published: February 2014

Mastitis is a serious problem for the dairy cattle in many countries of the world including Bangladesh. Among the microbial etiology bacteria plays a major role in the onset of the clinical form of the disease. Many of these bacteria are resistant to one or more antibiotics thus make the mastitis cases difficult to cure. In the present study Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Bacillus spp. and E. coli were identified as the dominant bacterial species causing clinical mastitis in cattle in Mymensingh. Antibiogram study revealed chloramphenicol and erythromycin as the most effective antibiotic for the treatment of mastitis in these animals except those caused by Bacillus spp. and E. coli, respectively. Microbes and Health, June 2013, 2(1): 19-21DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/mh.v2i1.17258
Types de ramification des Inflorescences dans le genre Oryza
Authors: Portères Roland
Published: February 2014

La comparaison des inflorescences des diverses espèces du genre Oryza conduit à distinguer des types à racèmes alternants, pseudo- verticillés ou proprement verticillés, et des axes florifères qui sont d'ordre III ou IV, parfois V, dans la ramification. Ces types sont en relation avec les grands groupements botaniques créés au sein du genre. En même temps il est apporté quelques modifications dans la validation et le classement des espèces. Quelques considérations sont enfin faites au regard des types éco-biologiques, des conditions xériques, de l'origine des espèces cultivées et de leur amélioration.
L'amélioration des pâturages et du bétail bovin dans les régions tchadiennes, au Sud du Sahara (Diamaré, Logone-Chari, Mandara)
Authors: Vaillant A.
Published: February 2014

L'amélioration des pâturages, la sélection du bétail et la lutte anti-parasitaire dans les régions tchadiennes au Sud du Sahara, constituent des facteurs de coordination nécessaires et indispensables pour augmenter la production de viande et de lait.

Le système d'élevage extensif rend difficile cependant l'application de méthodes rationnelles d'élevage.

En raison d'une saison sèche très longue, de six à sept mois, il convient d'assurer tout d'abord la permanence des pâturages.

Diverses mesures doivent être mises en œuvre :

— Assolement des graminées fourragères dans le cycle des cultures.

— Ensilage des graminées pendant la saison des pluies.

— Aménagement des pâturages inondés par les crues (yaérés).

L'eau conditionne toute vie, animale et végétale, dans ces régions arides. Un système d'assolement, Riz-Coton-Pâturages, devrait permettre, avec la maîtrise de l'eau, une mise en valeur rationnelle des terres alluvionnaires du Chari et du Logone.

Au point de vue amélioration raciale du Zébu, une large part doit être faite à la sélection contrôlée (choix des taureaux, éliminations des non-valeurs, surveillance des saillies...).

Les croisements de races doivent être suivis dans le milieu africain pour éviter toute sensibilisation des races rustiques et résistantes aux maladies et parasites.

Enfin la lutte anti-parasitaire doit assurer les gains acquis dans l'alimentation et la sélection raciale. Elle doit être mené par des organismes spécialisés et équipés de moyens suffisants pour être efficace.

La production de la viande de bœuf étant nettement insuffisante en Afrique Tropicale française, des investissements importants seront nécessaires pour améliorer la rentabilité du bétail bovin du Tchad dans les années à venir.
Simple two-step synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted pyrroles and 3,5-disubstituted pyrrole-2-carbonitriles from enones
Authors: Kucukdisli Murat , Ferenc Dorota , Heinz Marcel , Wiebe Christine , Opatz Till
Published: February 2014

The cyclocondensation of enones with aminoacetonitrile furnishes 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carbonitriles which can be readily converted to 2,4-disubstituted pyrroles by microwave-induced dehydrocyanation. Alternatively, oxidation of the intermediates produces 3,5-disubstituted pyrrole-2-carbonitriles.
THE RESEARCH OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF COATINGS SPRAYED WITH ELECTRIC ARC SPRAY / ELEKTROLANKINIO PURŠKIMO BŪDU UŽPURKŠTŲ DANGŲ TECHNOLOGINIŲ SAVYBIŲ TYRIMAI
Authors: Gargasas Justinas , Valiulis Algirdas , Gedzevičius Irmantas , Mikaliūnas Šarūnas
Published: February 2014

The paper presents dry friction test results of two experimentalSTEIN-MESYFIL wires with different chemical composition.Thermal spray coatings properties depend on the chemical compositionand the technological parameters of the spraying. Eachcoating was sprayed in the three different modes. The microhardness,porosity, oxides were analyzed in the coatings morphology.Dry friction wear was assessed in the mass loss of the coatings.

Santrauka

Straipsnyje pateikiami elektrolankinio purškimo būdu užpurkštų dviejų skirtingos cheminės sudėties eksperimentinių Stein-mesyfil vielų sausosios trinties tyrimų rezultatai. Terminio purškimo būdu gautų dangų savybės priklauso ne tik nuo cheminės sudėties, bet ir nuo technologinių purškimo parametrų. Kiekviena danga užpurkšta trimis skirtingais režimais. Nustatytas dangų mikrokietumas, porėtumas, oksidų kiekis ir nagrinėta dangų morfologija. Sausosios trinties dilimo rezultatai vertinti nustatant prarastąją bandinių masę.
THE RESEARCH OF DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ANGLE MEASUREMENT COMPARATOR / KAMPO MATAVIMO KOMPARATORIAUS DINAMINIŲ CHARAKTERISTIKŲ TYRIMAI
Authors: Kilikevičius Artūras , Prokopovič Valdemar , Makarskas Vytautas
Published: February 2014

The aim of the research was to determine the mechanical stabilityof angle measurement comparator’s system. Vibrations weremeasured at the significant points of the system for that purposeand dynamic characteristics of the system were established.

Santrauka

Straipsnyje aprašytas precizinio kampo matavimo komparatoriaus mechaninės sistemos tikslumas, atliekant matavimus. Išnagrinėtos dėl virpesių atsirandančios dinaminės sistemos paklaidos. Nustatytas ir eksperimentiškai išmatuotas virpesių poveikis matavimo rezultatui. Nagrinėjamas atvejis, kai sistemai buvo sukeltas išorinis žadinimas. Rasta priklausomybė tarp virpesių poveikio ir kalibravimo rezultatų tikslumo.
MODELING OF HIGH PRECISION POSITIONING SYSTEM / DIDELIO TIKSLUMO PADĖTIES NUSTATYMO SISTEMOS MODELIAVIMAS
Authors: Augustinavičius Giedrius , Čereška Audrius
Published: February 2014

This paper presents the modeling of a flexure-based precisionpositioning system for micro-positioning uses. The positioningsystem is featured with monolithic architecture, flexure-basedjoints and ultra fine adjustment screws. Its workspace has beenevaluated via analytical approaches. Reduction mechanism isoptimally designed. The mathematical model of the positioningsystem has been derived, which is verified by resorting to finiteelement analysis (FEA). The established analytical and (FEA)models are helpful for a reliable architecture optimization andperformance improvement of the positioning system.

Santrauka

Straipsnyje pristatomas didelio tikslumo centravimo ir niveliavimo padėties nustatymo sistemos su besideformuojančiais mechanizmais kūrimas ir modeliavimas. Padėties nustatymo sistema optimizuota Solidworks Simulation programiniu paketu. Centravimo platformų poslinkiams apskaičiuoti sudarytas matematinis modelis, kurio patikimumas buvo patikrintas taikant baigtinių elementų metodą. Sudaryto matematinio modelio ir rezultatų, gautų pritaikius baigtinių elementų metodą, skirtumai buvo mažesni nei 10 %. Pasiūlyta modeliavimo metodika gali būti taikoma kuriant padėties nustatymo sistemas su besideformuojančiais mechanizmais.
RESEARCH OF SEAM DIMENSIONAL DEPENDENCE ON THE SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT IN MMA WELDING PROCESS / SIŪLĖS MATMENŲ PRIKLAUSOMYBĖS NUO TRUMPOJO JUNGIMO SROVĖS STIPRIO TYRIMAS, VIRINANT GLAISTYTAISIAIS ELEKTRODAIS
Authors: Rimkus Mindaugas , Višniakas Ivanas , Kazakevičius Česlovas
Published: February 2014

In this article the changes of seams properties of steel S235J2(LST EN 10025:2004) were analyzed, produced by welding withdifferent technology are discussed. Samples were welded byhand arc welding, using AV-23 and AV-66 welding electrodes.The welded seams were made by changing short-circuit current.The duration of weld depth, ridge height, metal drop size, metaldrop frequency, short-circuit time and short-circuit current valueare determinated.The results of the research are given in graphs,final conclusions are also written.

Santrauka

Straipsnyje tiriami mažaanglio plieno S235J2 (LST EN 10025:2004) virintinių siūlių matmenų pokyčiai, apvirinant plieną skirtingais glaistytaisiais elektrodais įvairiais suvirinimo režimais. Tyrimų metu buvo naudojami AV-23 ir AV-66 glaistytieji elektrodai ir keičiamas trumpojo jungimo srovės stipris. Nustatytas ryšys tarp metalo įvirinimo gylio, rumbelės aukščio, išlydytų lašų dydžio ir kiekio, trumpojo jungimo trukmės ir srovės dydžio. Gauti tyrimų rezultatai, nubraižyti priklausomybių grafikai ir pateiktos išvados.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION PROVISION FOR MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS MADE IN ENGINEERING INDUSTRY COMPANIES OF LITHUANIA / VALDYMO SPRENDIMŲ INFORMACINIO APRŪPINIMO TOBULINIMAS LIETUVOS INŽINERINĖS PRAMONĖS ĮMONĖSE
Authors: Jasėnas Audrius , Toločka Eligijus , Viselga Gintas
Published: February 2014

The article provides the results of research made in Lithuanianengineering industry companies regarding information provisionfor management solutions. The structure of Lithuanian engineeringindustry sector and its competitive abilities are traversed. Thealready shaped development model of information provision formanagement solutions as well as its logical scheme are provided.In conclusions the results from the research about the informationprovision for management solutions are summarised.

Santrauka

Straipsnyje pateikiami valdymo sprendimų informacinio aprūpinimo tyrimų Lietuvos inžinerinės pramonės įmonėse rezultatai. Išanalizuota Lietuvos inžinerinės pramonės sektoriaus struktūra ir jo konkurencingumas. Pateikiamas suformuotas valdymo sprendimų informacinio aprūpinimo tobulinimo modelis ir modelio loginė schema. Išvadomis apibendrinami valdymo sprendimų informacinio aprūpinimo tyrimo rezultatai.
ANALYSIS OF LASER SINTERING TECHNOLOGY / LAZERINĖS MILTELIŲ SUKEPINIMO TECHNOLOGIJOS ANALIZĖ
Authors: Markovič Vladislav , Černašėjus Olegas , prokopovič Valdemar
Published: February 2014

The new, high-tech development and customization is one ofthe most important factors in promoting the country‘s economicgrowth indicators. The economic downturn in the industryrequires technology and equipment using a minimumof raw materials and providing maximum performance. Thisstatement perfectly describes the innovative, forward-looking,cost-effective laser powder sintering (SLS) technology. Here,thanks to the latest engineering achievements, product surfacesare modified and improved, they gain new characteristics. SLSis viable in automobile, engineering, construction, aerospace,aircraft, printing, medical and other areas.In order to create a product which meets the standards andtechnical documentation it is necessary to use and ensure highquality of raw materials, high-end equipment, qualified personnel,the working environment with proper climatic conditions, ergonomics,etc. But all of these, the quality of the product becomesthe decisive indicators meaningless if know how to properly selectthe laser processing operation. Scanning speed, beam power,pulse frequency, protective gases, powder layer thickness – allof them are the physical and mechanical characteristics of thechange in a small range changes the quality of the product of thefuture, the field of application and performance characteristics.
RESEARCH OF UPPER LIMB BIOMECHANICS OF SUBJECTS WITH PARKINSON‘S DISEASE AND ESSENTIAL TREMMOR / SERGANČIŲJŲ PARKINSONO IR ESENCIALINIO TREMORO LIGA VIRŠUTINĖS GALŪNĖS BIOMECHANIKOS TYRIMAS
Authors: Griškevičius Julius , Žižienė Jurgita
Published: February 2014

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative diseasewith symptoms of bradykinesia, rest tremor, rigidity and posturalinstability. PL is diagnosed by a clinician who qualitativelyevaluates patient’s visible symptoms during a physical exam. Inaddition, differentiating PD from essential tremor (ET) can bechallenging because their clinical symptoms are similar. Oncediagnosed, only qualitative tools such as the UPDRS are availableto monitor symptom severity and disease progression. Thepurpose of this study is to evaluate the changes of biomechanicalparameters of upper limb of subjects diagnosed either PD or ET,estimate differences and compare them with healthy subjectsin facilitate a creation of an additional instrumental clinical assessmentof PD subjects via biomechanical evaluation of motorfunction tool and develop methods and indices for differentiatingPD from ET.

Santrauka

Parkinsono liga (PL) yra lėtinė progresuojanti neurologinė liga, kuri išoriškai pasireiškia galvos bei galūnių drebėjimu, judesių sulėtėjimu, sukaustymu ir eisenos pasikeitimu. Esencialinis tremoras – laipsniškai progresuojanti liga, kuriai būdingas nevalingas kūno dalies drebėjimas. Tai daug dažnesnė būklė negu PL judėjimo sutrikimas. Neretai ankstyvoje ligos stadijoje šios abi patologinės būklės yra painiojamos. Šio straipsnio tikslas yra įvertinti žmonių, sergančių Parkinsono liga ir esencialiniu tremoru, viršutinės galūnės biomechanikos parametrų pokyčius, skirtumus ir palyginti juos su sveiko žmogaus viršutinės galūnės biomechanika.
RISK MANAGEMENT IMPROVEMENT OF ENGINEERING PROJECTS IN WOODWORKING INDUSTRY / MEDŽIO APDIRBIMO PRAMONĖS ŠAKOJE VYKDOMŲ INŽINERINIŲ PROJEKTŲ RIZIKOS VALDYMO TOBULINIMAS
Authors: Bartkutė Simona , Toločka Eligijus
Published: February 2014

Risk is a complex phenomenon that has physical, monetary, cultural and social dimensions. Every company wants to save money, time, increase quality, optimise manufacturing, but each factor may involve different risks with different influence to company, its reputation. The aim of the research is to find better risk management improvement decisions, using techniques that could help to reduce risk impact in wood-based nonstandard production with shorter project time, smoother design process, lower costs, better project coordination, increased ability to manage problems, technical solutions.

Santrauka

Rizika – tai reiškinys, turintis fizinių, finansinių, kultūrinių irsocialinių aspektų. Kiekviena įmonė nori sutaupyti laiko, pinigų,gerinti produkcijos kokybę, optimizuoti gamybą, tačiau kiekvienasveiksnys gali būti susijęs su įvairiomis rizikomis, skirtingaiveikti įmonės veiklą ir jos reputaciją. Šio tyrimo tikslas – rastitinkamesnius rizikos valdymo tobulinimo sprendimus, naudojantmetodus, padedančius sumažinti rizikos poveikį nestandartiniųmedienos gaminių pramonėje, esant trumpesniam projekto laikotarpiui,sklandesniam projektavimo procesui, mažesnėmsišlaidoms, tobulinant projektų koordinavimą, rizikų valdymą irtechninius sprendimus.
BIOFUELS DRYING PROCESS EFFICIENCY RESEARCH / BIOKURO DŽIOVINIMO PROCESO EFEKTYVUMO TYRIMAI
Authors: Šlepikas Osvaldas , Čereška Audrius
Published: February 2014

The paper deals with biofuel drying process efficiency opportunities.Research was carried out with a special stand and performingexperiments. Experimental rig consists of an ultrasonic generator,ultrasonic transducer, a drying chamber and the humidity,temperature gauge. Tests were used for wood pellets. During theexperiment, they were irrigated with water, dried with hot air andadditionally exposed to different frequency ultrasonic vibrations.The tests results have showed that the convective drying processis combined with the ultrasonic vibrations, the drying time isreduced, which means a positive impact on the ultrasonic process.Studies have confirmed that the effectiveness of convectivedrying method combined with operating ultrasonic vibrationsincreases.

Santrauka

Straipsnyje nagrinėjamos biokuro džiovinimo proceso efektyvumo didinimo galimybės. Tyrimams atlikti sukurtas specialus stendas ir sudaryta eksperimento atlikimo metodika. Eksperimentinį stendą sudaro ultragarsinis generatorius, ultragarsinis keitiklis, džiovinimo kamera ir drėgmės, temperatūros matuokliai. Buvo tiriamos medžio granulės. Eksperimento metu jos buvo drėkinamos vandeniu, džiovinamos karštu oru ir papildomai veikiamos skirtingo dažnio ultragarsiniais virpesiais. Atlikus bandymus, rezultatai parodė, kad, veikiant konvekcinio džiovinimo procesą ultragarsiniais virpesiais, džiovinimo laikas sutrumpėja. Tai reiškia teigiamą ultragarso poveikį procesui. Tyrimais patvirtintas konvekcinio džiovinimo metodo efektyvumo, papildomai veikiant ultragarsiniais virpesiais, padidėjimas.
La Gestión de la colección en las bibliotecas universitarias españolas. Planes y normativas (II): la adquisición
Authors: Herrera-Morillas Jose Luis
Published: February 2014

Este artículo recoge la segunda parte del trabajo de investigación dedicado al estudio de la gestión de la colección en las bibliotecas universitarias españolas a partir del análisis de los planes y normativas elaborados por estas bibliotecas. La primera parte se tituló: La gestión de la colección en las bibliotecas universitarias españolas. Planes y normativas (I): la selección. Ahora se estudian treinta textos que regulan la adquisición de recursos de información en las bibliotecas universitarias españolas. Se describe la adquisición como parte de la gestión de la colección según se recoge en los documentos; prestando especial atención a la estructura y contenidos de los documentos, a su concepto y objetivos. En segundo lugar, se profundiza en cómo se plantea el procedimiento de la adquisición: aparece como un proceso diferenciado y a la vez relacionado con el de la selección, estructurado y normalizado, que presta atención a las donaciones y notablemente vinculado a las publicaciones impresas, pero en el contexto de una biblioteca híbrida.
La publicación de artículos en las áreas de ciencias sociales y humanidades analizada a partir de los sistemas de información sobre investigación: el caso de las Universidades de Barcelona y Girona
Authors: Ardanuy Jordi
Published: February 2014

Los sistemas de información sobre investigación y actividad científica de las universidades permiten complementar los datos que ofrecen las bases de datos multidisciplinares internacionales tales como WoS o Scopus, especialmente en disciplinas cuya cobertura no es suficientemente exhaustiva. En el presente estudio se analizan algunas características sobre los artículos y revistas publicados en las áreas de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades por profesores e investigadores de dos universidades catalanas. Los datos han sido extraídos a partir de bases de datos que permiten el acceso libre a los registros de la producción de ambas instituciones académicas. Se concluye la importancia del acceso abierto a este tipo de registros además de la existencia de diferencias entre las áreas de conocimiento en aspectos tales como calidad, nivel de colaboración, porcentaje de divulgación, idioma de publicación, aunque existe una tendencia general a un mayor uso relativo de la lengua inglesa.
Real-Time Fleet Management and Rerouting in City Logistics
Authors: Zeimpekis Vasileios , Minis Ioannis , Giaglis George M. , Mamassis Kostis
Published: February 2014

The urban freight distribution is highly susceptible to unexpected events that often occur during delivery, such as delays at customer locations or due to traffic conditions. Such events may lead to inferior customer service, or higher costs, areas in which intelligent real-time fleet management may prove beneficial. In this paper, the authors present such a system that incorporates methods to estimate the expected travel time of a delivery vehicle, combining AVL-based real-time and historical data, with algorithms for efficient vehicle re-routings. The system continuously monitors the delivery process, detects possible delays in real-time, and adjusts the delivery schedule accordingly by suggesting effective re-routing strategies. The authors report results from testing the system via simulation and in a case study, and illustrate the extent of delivery performance improvements that may be achieved through such an approach.
A Network Approach to Identifying Military Fleet Replacement Strategies
Authors: Driscoll Patrick J. , Newton Harry , Mosier Russell
Published: February 2014

The Motor Transport Program Office for the U.S. Marine Corps (PM MT) manages the Light Tactical Wheeled Vehicle (TWV) fleet and must make decisions each year about vehicle procurements, overhauls, and retirements. These decisions are based on projected costs to maintain current vehicles, estimates of the remaining useful life of the vehicles, availability of new vehicles and individual vehicle capabilities and budgets. In this portfolio analysis, the authors developed a flexible, optimization-based methodology for supporting these fleet level decisions based on cost estimates, initial inventories, operational tempo (OPTEMPO), and approved requirements documents (capabilities). Accommodating user requirements, the model uses Frontline Solver in an Excel environment, leveraging network flow constraints to decrease runtime to solution so that multiple runs of scenario excursions can expose advantages and disadvantages of different fleet management policies. A user interface was developed to allow for batch runs using design of experiment or parametric analysis of the data. The interface also helped manage the model complexity of roughly 6,000 decision variables that were developed dynamically depending on the input assumptions.
PREVENTION OF Β THALASSEMIA IN NORTHERN ISRAEL - A COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS.
Authors: Koren Ariel , Profeta Lora , Zalman Luci , Palmor Haya , Levin Carina , Bril Zamir Ronit , Shalev Stavit , Blondheim Orna
Published: February 2014

Background:β Thalassemia major is characterized by hemolytic anemia, ineffectiveerythropoiesis and hemosiderosis. About 4 % of the world population carries a Thalassemiagene. Management includes blood transfusions and iron chelation, this treatmentis costly and population screening may be significantly more cost benefit. Purpose: Thepurpose of the current study is to analyze the cost of running a preventionprogram for β Thalassemia in Israel and compare it to the actual expensesincurred by treating Thalassemia patients. Methods: Threecost parameters were analyzed and compared: The prevention program, routinetreatment of patients and treatment of complications. An estimation of theexpenses needed to treat patients that present with complications werecalculated based on our ongoing experience in treatment of deterioratingpatients. Results andConclusions: The cost of preventing one affected newborn was $63,660 comparedto $1,971,380 for treatment of a patient during 50 years (mean annual cost:  $39,427). Thus, the prevention of 45 affectednewborns over a ten years period represents a net saving of $88.5 million tothe health budget. Even after deducting the cost of the prevention program ($413.795/yr.), the program still represents abenefit of $ 76 million over ten years. Each prevented case could pay thescreening and prevention program for 4.6 ys.
Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis of Central Nervous System and Lung Driven by Epstein Barr Virus Proliferation: Successful Treatment with Rituximab
Authors: Fernandez Ruben , Gonzalez Esther , Fernandez Almudena , Gonzalez Ana Pilar , Sancho Juan Manuel , Dominguez Francisco , Fernandez Carmen
Published: February 2014

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG) is a very rare Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) associated B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder. We report the case of a 41-year-old man who presented with fever and respiratory symptoms. Computed tomography showed multiple nodules in both lung fields. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of the bronchoalveolar lavage was positive for EBV and biopsy of lung node yielded a diagnosis of LYG, grade III. Shortly after initiation of treatment with chemotherapy, neurologic deterioration appeared. Radiologic findings revealed hydrocephalus and PCR analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was positive for EBV. Treatment with intravenous rituximab led to rapid reduction of EBV load in CSF, along with radiological and clinical improvement. After completion of treatment with immunochemotherapy, an autologous stem cell transplantation was performed. Patient stays in remission one year after diagnosis.
FEASIBILITY OF COLLECTING UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD IN JORDAN AND THE EFFECT OF MATERNAL AND NEONATAL FACTORS ON HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL CONTENT
Authors: Hussein Ayad Ahmed , Bawadi Randa M. , Tahtamouni Lubna H. , Frangoul Haydar , ElKarmi Ali Z.
Published: February 2014

Abstract Background: Cord blood transplant is an accepted treatment for many malignant and non-malignant diseases. We sought to determine the feasibility of collecting cord blood in Jordan and the effect of maternal and fetal factors on the quality of the cord blood units.Methods: A total of 124 cord blood units were collected and 75 (60%) cord blood units were included in this analysis. Cord blood volume, total nucleated cell (TNC) count, cell viability and CD34+ content were measured, and clonogenic assay was performed.Results: The mean volume of the collected units was 68.9 ml (range 40-115) with mean nucleated cell count of 6.5 x 108 (range 1-23.0). Our results showed a positive correlation between the volume of cord blood and TNC count (p=0.008), cell viability (p=0.001), CD34+ content (p=0.034) and the length of the umbilical cord (p=0.011). In addition, our results showed an inverse relation between the Colony Forming Unit-Granulocyte Macrophage (CFU-GM) concentration and the gestation duration (p=0.038).Conclusion: We conclude that it is feasible to collect cord blood units in Jordan with excellent TNC and CD34+ cell content. The volume of cord blood collected was associated with higher TNC count and CD34+ count. Efforts toward establishing public cord blood banks in our area are warranted.
AZACITIDINE IN CHRONIC MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA: AN EFFECTIVE AND MANAGEABLE APPROACH.
Authors: Niscola Pasquale
Published: February 2014

Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is an uncommon neoplastic hematological disorder, typically affecting the elderly and characterized by a marked clinical heterogeneity and a remarkable propensity for transformation into acute myeloid leukemia. Hypomethylating agents represent the most innovative management approach in this difficult setting. At our institution, between 2010 and 2012, we have treated with azacitidine 10 CMML patients with a median age of (62–86) 75 years. An overall response rate of 70% was achieved without remarkable toxicities; in particular, most therapy-induced side effects were managed on outpatient basis. With a median follow-up of 22 (11 – 44) months, 6 patients are alive and 4 of them continue to receive the treatment; the median survival from the start of therapy was 22 months. In conclusion, also in the light of our encouraging experience, azacitidine can offer new chances of treatment also in the difficult setting of elderly CMLL.
Thematic elements underlying risk perception amongst small and medium enterprise owner-managers
Authors: Ojiako Udechukwu , Chipulu Maxwell , Marshall Alasdair , Baboolall Poonam
Published: February 2014

Orientation: The article discusses the parameters that underlie the perception of risk amongst SME owner-managers.Research purpose: This article draws on research suggesting that interactions between industry-sector (situational) differences and cognitive biases may often be decisive in moulding risk perceptions.Motivation for the study: Literature suggests that one of the most significant challenges facing entrepreneurs is the development of a clear understanding of what it means to experience and conceptualise ‘risk’ within the context of business entrepreneurship.Research design, approach and method: Utilising data obtained from a random sample of 446 SME owner-managers in the south-east of England, this study employs a combination of tests, including a non-parametric test, Chi-square test and Cramer’s V statistics test, to derive a series of thematic propositions that contribute to our understanding of how these entrepreneurs perceive decision risk.Main findings: Findings highlight the situational decision factors that influence SME owner-managers to overemphasise possible negative outcomes, thus constraining the creative imagination upon which their entrepreneurship depends.Practical/managerial implications: It is generally accepted that decisions that may be highly innovative are not necessarily risky, unless the entity concerned is innovating in order to survive and its innovations have strategic significance. Based on this, we posit that there is an urgent need for entrepreneurs to focus less on risk associated with innovation and more on comprehensive analysis of all risk and uncertainty present around business-critical decisions.Contribution/value-add: This study contributes to growing research examining the relationship between SME risk and innovation, which is at present sparse.
Knowledge and attitudes of nurses in community health centres about electronic medical records
Authors: O'Mahony Don , Wright Graham , Yogeswaran Parimalarani , Govere Frederick
Published: February 2014

Background: Nurses in primary healthcare record data for the monitoring and evaluation of diseases and services. Information and communications technology (ICT) can improve quality in healthcare by providing quality medical records. However, worldwide, the majority of health ICT projects have failed. Individual user acceptance is a crucial factor in successful ICT implementation.Objectives: The aim of this study is to explore nurses’ knowledge, attitudes and perceptions regarding ICT so as to inform the future implementation of electronic medical record (EMR) systems.Methods: A qualitative design was used. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with nurses at three community health centres (CHCs) in the King Sabata Dalyindyebo Local Municipality. The interview guide was informed by the literature on user acceptance of ICT. Interviews were recorded and analysed using content analysis.Results: Many nurses knew about health ICT and articulated clearly the potential benefits of an EMR such as fewer errors, more complete records, easier reporting and access to information. They thought that an EMR system would solve the challenges they identified with the current paper-based record system, including duplication of data, misfiling, lack of a chronological patient record, excessive time in recording and reduced time for patient care. For personal ICT needs, approximately half used cellphone Internet-based services and computers.Conclusions: In this study, nurses identified many challenges with the current recording methods. They thought that an EMR should be installed at CHCs. Their knowledge about EMR, positive attitudes to ICT and personal use of ICT devices increase the likelihood of successful EMR implementation at CHCs.
Influence of age and gender on presentation of symptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Shah VN , Bhadada SK , Bhansali A , Behera A , Mittal BR , Bhavin V
Published: February 2014

Background:

The geographical difference in presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is known. However, there is sparse literature on the influence of age and gender on presentation of PHPT.

Aim:

To analyze the effect of age and gender on presentation of symptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism.

Setting and Design:

This is a retrospective analysis of data from the primary hyperparathyroidism registry of a north Indian tertiary care teaching institute.

Materials and Methods:

Analysis of 184 histopathologically proven PHPT patients registered between March 1990 and March 2010 from a single centre of north India. PHPT patients were divided into three different age groups i.e. children and adolescents less than 25 years, adults 25-49 years, and ≥ 50 years. Clinical presentations, biochemical parameters and parathyroid weight were compared between different age groups and gender using appropriate statistical methods.

Results:

Mean age of patients was 38.5±13.8 years with female: male ratio of 7:3. Rickets as presenting manifestations were seen in one child and adolescent each. Prevalence of renal stones (P=0.03) and gall stones (P=0.02) was higher in the adult groups compared to the younger and older. There was no difference in bone pain (P=0.7), fracture (P=0.3), osteitis fibrosa cystica (P=0.2), fatigue (P=0.6) and other symptoms among different age groups. There was no difference in serum calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and 25 (OH) D levels among different age groups, however, as expected alkaline phosphatase was higher in adolescents compared to adults (P=0.03). Bone pain and muscle aches (P<0.001), fracture (P=0.04), osteitis fibrosa cystica (P=0.01), and gall stones (P=0.03) were more common among women while renal stones (P=0.05) and pancreatitis (P=0.02) were common in men. Serum calcium and phosphate levels were similar in either sex but parathyroid hormone (iPTH) level was higher among women (P=0.02). Parathyroid adenoma weight was higher in older compared to young but did not reach to a level of statistical significance.

Conclusion:

Age and gender have substantial influence on presentation of PHPT. Bone pain and rickets were common in children and adolescents while renal stones in adults. Women have more severe disease as musculoskeletal manifestations are common and iPTH levels are also higher compared to men.
A meta-analysis comparing the safety and efficacy of azithromycin over the alternate drugs used for treatment of uncomplicated enteric fever
Authors: Trivedi NA , Shah PC
Published: February 2014

Background:

Drug-resistant typhoid fever is a major clinical problem globally. Emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) S. Typhi has complicated therapy by limiting treatment options.

Objectives:

A meta-analysis was planned to determine the strength of evidence supporting use of azithromycin over the alternate drugs available for treatment of uncomplicated typhoid fever.

Materials and Methods:

Studies were identified using electronic database such as MEDLINE and other data at the National Library of Medicine assessed using PUBMED search engine as well as Cochrane Clinical Trial Register. Randomized control trials (RCTs) comparing azithromycin with chloramphenicol, fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins in culture-proven enteric fever were included. Data was extracted and methodological quality was assessed. Risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals was estimated for the dichotomous outcomes and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence was estimated for continuous data. Primary outcomes studied were clinical failure (CF), microbiological failure, and relapse.

Results:

A total of seven RCTs involving 773 patients met with our inclusion criteria. In comparison to older fluoroquinolones, azithromycin is marginally better in reducing the chance of CF with RR 0.46 (95% CI 0.25-0.82), while in comparison to ceftriaxone, it significantly reduced the chance of relapse with RR 0.1 (95% CI 0.01- 0.76). There were no serious adverse events reported in any of the trials.

Conclusion:

Azithromycin can be recommended as a second-line drug in MDR typhoid fever, however, large trials involving pediatric age group patients are recommended to arrive at a definite conclusion.
Self-medication practice among undergraduate medical students in a tertiary care medical college, West Bengal
Authors: Banerjee I , Bhadury T
Published: February 2014

Background:

Self-medication is a widely prevalent practice in India. It assumes a special significance among medical students as they are the future medical practitioners. Aim: To assess the pattern of self-medication practice among undergraduate medical students.

Settings and Design:

Tertiary care medical college in West Bengal, India.

Material and Methods:

A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among the undergraduate medical students.

Results:

Out of 500 students of the institute, 482 consented for the study and filled in the supplied questionnaire. Fourteen incomplete questionnaires were excluded and the remaining 468 analyzed. It was found that 267 (57.05%) respondents practiced self-medication. The principal morbidities for seeking self-medication included cough and common cold as reported by 94 students (35.21%) followed by diarrhea (68 students) (25.47%), fever (42 students) (15.73%), headache (40 students) (14.98%) and pain abdomen due to heartburn/ peptic ulcer (23 students) (8.61%). Drugs/ drug groups commonly used for self-medication included antibiotics (31.09%) followed by analgesics (23.21%), antipyretics (17.98%), antiulcer agents (8.99%), cough suppressant (7.87%), multivitamins (6.37%) and antihelminthics (4.49%). Among reasons for seeking self-medication, 126 students (47.19%) felt that their illness was mild while 76 (28.46%) preferred as it is time-saving. About 42 students (15.73%) cited cost-effectiveness as the primary reason while 23 (8.62%) preferred because of urgency.

Conclusion:

Our study shows that self-medication is widely practiced among students of the institute. In this situation, faculties should create awareness and educate their students regarding advantages and disadvantages of self-medication.