bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conduit formation and crustal microxenolith entrainment in a basaltic fissure eruption: Observations from Thríhnúkagígur Volcano, Iceland
Authors: Hudak Michael R , Feineman Maureen D , LaFemina Peter C , Geirsson Halldór , Agostini Samuele
Published: August 2022

Thríhnúkagígur Volcano, Iceland, is a composite spatter cone and lava field characteristic of basaltic fissure eruptions. Lava drainback at the end of the eruption left ~60 m of evacuated conduit, and a 4 × 104 m3 cave formed by the erosion of unconsolidated tephra by the feeder dike. Field relationships within the shallow plumbing system provide three-dimensional insight into conduit formation in fissure systems. Petrographic estimates and the relative volumes of the cave and erupted lavas both indicate xenolithic tephra comprises 5–10 % of the erupted volume, which cannot be reproduced by geochemical mixing models. Although crustal xenolith entrainment is not geochemically significant, we posit that this process may be common in the Icelandic crust. The Thríhnúkagígur eruption illustrates how pervasive, poorly consolidated tephra or hyaloclastite can act as a mechanically weak pre-existing structure that provides a preferential pathway for magma ascent and may influence vent location.
Leptomeningeal Schistosomiasis: A Case Report of an Atypical Location of Neuroschistosomiasis Presenting as Adult-Onset Seizure
Authors:   Jose R. Reyes Memorial Medical Center, Cinco Mark Timothy T. , Go Criscely L.
Published: August 2022

We report a case of a 19-year-old male, single, right-handed, student, Filipino currently living in Novaliches, Quezon City who consulted for the first time at our institution due to stiffening of extremities with a pertinent travel history from the Island of Samar. Evaluation and diagnostics showed a leptomeningeal enhancement and thereafter, a biopsy was made revealing deposition of schistosoma ova at the leptomenineal area. Schistosomiaisis (also known as Bilharzia or Blood Fluke Disease) is widely distributed in the Philippines affecting 24 provinces in Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao, with 5 million people at risk and approximately 1 million affected in the year 2003. Cerebral schistomiasis is a severe and neglected complication which occurs in less than 5% of infected individuals. Symptoms are non-specific such as headache, vomiting, confusional states, and focal seizures. Typical neuroimaging findings are expected at the spinal cord, cerebellum, and the subcortical area, however leptomeningeal involvement is rarely reported. We report this case to the medical community to give light on the different presentations of the said disease
Estrategia de remontajes aplicada sobre el registro cerámico del sitio Los Tres Cerros 1 (Delta Superior del río Paraná)
Authors: Di Prado Violeta Soledad , Castro Canela
Published: August 2022

El sitio arqueológico Los Tres Cerros 1 se encuentra ubicado en el departamento Victoria, Entre Ríos, y consiste en una estructura monticular con una compleja historia ocupacional. La abundancia y fragmentación del registro cerámico del sitio, llevaron a aplicar la estrategia de remontajes, con el propósito de reconstruir la historia de vida de las vasijas e identificar las prácticas humanas y los agentes naturales que actuaron en la configuración del depósito. Sobre una muestra del total de tiestos recuperados en la cuadrícula 1, se realizaron 43 remontajes, que unen fragmentos del mismo nivel y de diferentes niveles. Se identificaron semejanzas en las elecciones técnicas similares (i.e., agregado de tiesto molido, aplicación de pigmento y de surco rítmico) efectuadas en distintas etapas del proceso de elaboración del número mínimo de vasijas estimado (NMV= 49). Se reconocieron contenedores utilizados sobre el fuego, posiblemente para la cocción, y piezas probablemente empleadas para servir. Por último, se propusieron hipótesis en torno a la integridad del registro y, al menos para el sector superior de la secuencia estratigráfica, se infirió un evento de ocupación que no fue mayormente disturbado en momentos posteriores al descarte.
“No lo entendés porque no sos profe”. Los significados del deporte en un programa de política socio-educativa de la provincia de Buenos Aires (2004-2011)
Authors: Levoratti Alejo
Published: August 2022

Nos proponemos en esta oportunidad realizar un abordaje que comprenda las significaciones que los funcionarios provinciales y docentes de educación física les asignan a la inscripción del deporte en la denominada política socioeducativa en documentos, proyectos y presentaciones públicas. En particular, analizaremos cómo es significada, actualizada y los contextos de uso de la categoría nativa deporte por estos actores sociales. Asimismo, buscaremos también posicionarnos metodológicamente en relación con las producciones inscriptas dentro de los estudios “sociales del deporte” donde la categoría deporte en términos nativos no ha sido abordada. Presentamos a modo de hipótesis que esto fue la resultante del entendimiento de la misma en términos teóricos como un punto privilegiado para la reflexión crítica sobre nuestra sociedad. En estos estudios se dejó de lado los significados que condensa para los actores sociales el deporte. Este trabajo se inscribe en el marco de una etnografía sobre las representaciones y prácticas sobre el deporte de los profesores en Educación Física que se desempeñan en los programas de política socio-educativa de la provincia de Buenos Aires, en el periodo comprendido entre 2004 y 2011.
Mucho más que solo aprovisionamiento lítico: actividades en canteras y prácticas sociales en las fuentes de Pampa Oeste, Quebrada Seca y Punta de la Peña (Antofagasta de la Sierra, Catamarca)
Authors: Bobillo Federico Miguel , Hocsman Salomon
Published: August 2022

En este trabajo se abordan las canteras y talleres asociados de Punta de la Peña, Quebrada Seca y Pampa Oeste, en Antofagasta de la Sierra (Catamarca), con el objeto de explorar la multiplicidad de actividades y prácticas sociales involucradas en la utilización de dichas fuentes. Se trata de tres fuentes de vulcanitas intensamente explotadas a lo largo de la secuencia prehispánica del área. De esta forma, se toma a las canteras no sólo como un depósito de rocas útiles para la subsistencia, sino como un escenario social donde confluyen y se materializan diferentes prácticas y expresiones sociales. Así, a la explotación de las rocas se suman toda una serie de tareas vinculadas, por ejemplo, con prácticas de enseñanza/aprendizaje y actividades de subsistencia, procesamiento/consumo y rituales. Esta aproximación considera a las canteras desde una perspectiva orientada a abordar las elecciones y prácticas llevadas a cabo por los agentes en contextos de aprovisionamiento, partiendo de la base de que estos actúan desarrollando una diversidad de actividades conectadas en torno a la apropiación de un recurso específico.
El Carmen 1, un poblado Intermedio Tardío en el valle de Santa María (Prov. de Tucumán)
Authors: Coll Moritan Victoria , Cantarelli Violeta , Nastri Javier
Published: August 2022

Se presentan aquí los resultados de los trabajos de relevamiento planialtimétrico, arquitectónico y de excavación realizados en el sitio El Carmen 1 ubicado en el valle de Santa María, sobre la ladera oriental de la sierra del Cajón (Depto. Tafí, Provincia de Tucumán). Considerando las características de su emplazamiento, los materiales y técnicas constructivas, el material cerámico recuperado en superficie y en excavación, y los fechados radiocarbónicos obtenidos, el sitio El Carmen 1 fue identificado como un poblado habitado durante la segunda mitad del período Intermedio Tardío. Los sectores relevados corresponden a una extensa área predominantemente montañosa a lo largo de la cual la arquitectura revela marcadas diferencias funcionales: recintos habitacionales, arquitectura defensiva, vías de circulación. Los datos recolectados contribuyen así al conocimiento del registro arqueológico de los grandes asentamientos calchaquíes del siglo XIV de la Era.
Retratistas de mariposas. Acerca del lugar subordinado de la comparación en la antropología social y cultural contemporánea
Authors: Balbi Fernando Alberto
Published: August 2022

En la antropología social y/o cultural actual, la comparación tiende a ser considerada como un recurso auxiliar de la etnografía cuya utilidad se limita a la detección y el análisis de la diversidad. En este artículo se argumenta que ello tiene efectos negativos sobre el control de los procedimientos comparativos, la productividad de la etnografía, la capacidad de los antropólogos para producir generalizaciones teóricas y, en consecuencia, la relevancia de la propia disciplina. Se sugiere que, con el objeto de recuperar la capacidad de la disciplina para formular generalizaciones, es necesario restablecer a la comparación en su condición originaria de recurso analítico por derecho propio y desnaturalizar su relación con la diversidad. Asimismo, se esbozan los fundamentos epistemológicos de dicha empresa, para finalmente pasar a delinear dos formas posibles de combinar a la comparación y la etnografía que facilitarían la producción simultánea de análisis de casos y de recursos teórico-metodológicos.
Un encuentro de arqueologías: rescates y estudio de colecciones del inicio del Período Tardío (ca. Siglos XI-XIII) (Catamarca, Argentina)
Authors: Palamarczuk Valeria , Ratto Norma Rosa
Published: August 2022

Se expone una estrategia de trabajo en la que convergen dos líneas de la práctica arqueológica actual: los rescates arqueológicos y el estudio de colecciones de museos. Luego de una breve presentación de la categoría arqueológica “Hualfín”, se presentan tres rescates de entierros en “urnas Hualfín”, realizados en el marco de estudios de impacto arqueológico en las localidades de Los Nacimientos y La Ciénaga del Medio, en el valle de Hualfín, provincia de Catamarca. Las tres urnas son comparadas, mediante un ejercicio de morfometría estadístico, con una muestra de 77 urnas “Hualfín” y “Shiquimil” relevadas en museos. Los ejemplares que componen la muestra provienen de los valles de Hualfín, Yocavil, del Cajón y Andalgalá. La comparación con la base de datos contribuye a la contextualización regional de las urnas rescatadas y a la observación de tendencias estéticas compartidas con el conjunto. Los tres fechados radiocarbónicos obtenidos por AMS permiten ubicar a los eventos funerarios entre los siglos XI y XII y aportan a la discusión sobre la cronología del conjunto.
Contenedores y contenidos. Explorando el consumo de vegetales durante el Período Tardío (Antofagasta de la Sierra, Provincia de Catamarca)
Authors: Gasparotti Leticia Inés , Haros María Cecilia
Published: August 2022

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados obtenidos de la integración de diversas líneas de evidencia vinculadas al estudio de un recipiente cerámico recuperado en el sitio Corral Alto (Antofagasta de la Sierra, Prov. de Catamarca). Se analizan las características morfo-tecnológicas de este recipiente, en relación a su uso, para indagar en las prácticas cotidianas relacionadas con la obtención, consumo, procesamiento o almacenamiento de recursos vegetales. Al mismo tiempo, a través del análisis múltiple de microfósiles (fitolitos y almidones entre otras evidencias), se intenta una aproximación al uso y/o consumo de recursos vegetales silvestres y domesticados por parte de grupos agropastoriles durante el período Tardío (ca. 1000- 500 AP) en la Puna Meridional.
Ciencia y notoriedad intelectual en Norbert Elias. Reflexiones autobiográficas de mi trayectoria intelectual
Authors: Gil Gastón Julián
Published: August 2022

La trayectoria de un autor fundamental para las ciencias sociales del siglo XX, como es el caso de Norbert Elias, no sólo presenta un interés en sí misma sino que además ofrece ricas aristas para reflexionar acerca de la dinámica de los campos académicos. En efecto, las particularidades de su obra y el tardío reconocimiento que obtuvo en el campo de las ciencias sociales operan como fuentes fructíferas para problematizar el modo en que se instauran los liderazgos académicos (con sus consecuentes densas redes disciplinares) y, como contrapartida, se arrojan otras producciones a los márgenes disciplinares. En este artículo se toma la obra carácter autobiográfica de Elias, Mi trayectoria intelectual, para contrastarla con algunas situaciones del campo antropológico argentino vinculadas con liderazgos, rupturas teóricas, controversias disciplinares y proyectos institucionales. Se trata entonces de un ejercicio comparativo que navega entre dos diferentes contextos (uno central y el otro periférico) que, por analogía y contraste, nos ofrecen datos de relieve para un abordaje reflexivo de las ciencias sociales.
Editorial
Authors: Izeta Andrés D.
Published: August 2022

En esta segunda entrega correspondiente al segundo semestre de 2015 presentamos veintitrés artículos originales que tratan sobre diversas temáticas de la antropología.
Examination of Fractional Number Sense in Eight Graders with High Academic Performance
Authors: Kartal Aygül , Ezeagwuna Dorathy
Published: August 2022

This study revealed the fractional number sense form associated with daily life and the number sense of 8th-grade students with high academic success. This study aimed to determine fractional number sense which in eighth graders with high academic performance. This study has a qualitative patterned. The sample consisted of 20 students from the middle schools in Pazar, the province of Rize. Participation was voluntary. İnterviews were conducted with participants to address their fractional number sense and strategies. The data were collected using an interview form developed by the researcher. The form consisted of 15 items on number sense components (computational estimation, operation effect, number magnitude, using a benchmark, and equivalent representation) related to daily life. The data were analyzed using descriptive content analysis. As result of this study; Very few participants used number sense. Most participants turned to rule-based solutions to answer the questions. None of the participants was successful in executing number sense. The fact that the items were related to daily life helped us reveal fractional number sense.
A deep moaning to attain salvation: Reading Tagore's poetry of sacrament and Herbert's poetry of self-purgation
Authors: Siuli Shantanu
Published: August 2022

A correct understanding of salvation must admit that humankind is redeemed only by the singular, incommensurable event of Christ sacrifice, having a legal status similar to acts of personal or collective reparation set forth in the Old Testament. Rabindranath Tagore, a true Indian mystic of supremely divine sense during the nineteenth century, and George Herbert, having been endowed with a true Anglican spirit in the late sixteenth century England, addressed God to be able to have His grace and mercy, in which each poet of individual purport manifests a distinctive, whole, and original self in his work, despite the very common obedience to more or less orthodox doctrine. One defining characteristic of Tagore's personality as a poet is the dialogic quality of his poems found in 'Sanchayita', determining his inner force on how to reach the truest manifestation of God, whereas Herbert’s poetry is talk, and God, speaking or silent, is his constant interlocutor, demonstrating the fact that the majority of poems in 'The Temple' are addressed directly to his God. This research paper aims to vouchsafe the inner temperament and richness of their thorough deep moaning by individual's poetic impulses, which have been guiding humankind to salvation.
Digital-Based Smart Campus at Telkom University, Indonesia
Authors: Qurtubi Ahmad
Published: August 2022

A Smart Campus is a new educational paradigm developed in this study, and numerous changes are achieved in the sectors of technology, environment, management, education, mobility, life, security, and the university's economy. A smart campus is a way for institutions to compete in the industrial era 4.0. The smart campus system assists colleges in offering timely, accurate, and real-time services to all academicians. Previous research on smart campuses covers numerous dimensions, including the environment, education, management, mobility, people, economy, and security. The purpose of this research is to determine the components of Telkom University's digitally-based smart campus. To achieve this goal, the researcher enlisted the help of 98 Telkom University students. This research method employs a quantitative approach. A quantitative technique is used in this research strategy. The data used in this study are primary data gathered from the questionnaire responses. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was employed in this investigation, which was carried out with the assistance of the SmartPLS tool. Based on the findings of this study's analysis, it was determined that Telkom University has adopted nine components that reflect a digital-based smart campus. Among the 9 components examined, three have shown to be successful on this campus: Campus Application, Digital Presence with QR Code, and Campus Development Dashboard, while three require further improvement: Campus Academic System component, E-learning, and Job Fair System and Career Center.
Differential expression of FRMD4A in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: August 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases that affect the motor neurons, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), have little treatment options and are generally rapidly fatal (1, 2). We harnessed the power of unbiased, whole transcriptome differential gene expression analysis, utilizing primary patient cells and tissues to discover genes whose expression defines sporadic ALS using published data (3, 4). We found significant differential expression of FRMD4A, encoding FERM domain-containing 4A, in primary fibroblasts of patients with sporadic ALS (SALS). FRMD4A transcript was present at significantly lower levels in SALS patient fibroblasts as compared to control, non-diseased fibroblasts. These analyses will begin to define the transcriptional landscape of sporadic ALS.
The Advocacy Coalition Framework in fixing prices of oil and gas in the energy sectors of Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Akmal
Published: August 2022

The need for electricity and other forms of energy has skyrocketed in recent years in Bangladesh as a direct result of the country's robust economic growth. Despite this, the firms who supplied liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) cylinders were the ones who decided how much they would cost, and customers had no room for negotiation. From this vantage point, the purpose of this essay is to apply the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) in order to gain an understanding of the process of price fixing in Bangladesh's electricity and energy sectors. This paper argued, using secondary data sources, that the three types of coalitions have occurred in order to set oil and gas prices in the power and energy sectors in Bangladesh. In this way, this paper contributes to the academic discourse on the subject.
Pavlovian conditioning-induced hallucinations reduce MMN amplitudes for duration but not frequency deviants
Authors: Rodriguez Ines Abalo , Moratti Stephan
Published: August 2022

The mismatch negativity (MMN) is an evoked potential that indexes auditory regularity violations. Since the 90’s, a reduced amplitude of this brain activity in patients with schizophrenia has been consistently reported. Recently, this alteration has been related to the presence of auditory hallucinations (AHs) rather than the schizophrenia diagnostic per se. However, making this attribution is rather problematic due to the high heterogeneity of symptoms in schizophrenia. In an attempt to isolate the AHs influence on the MMN amplitude from other cofounding variables, we artificially induced AHs in a non-clinical population by Pavlovian conditioning. Before and after conditioning, volunteers (N=31) participated in an oddball paradigm that elicited an MMN. Two different types of deviants were presented: a frequency and a duration deviant, as the MMN alteration seems to be especially present in schizophrenia with the latter type of deviant. Hence, this pre-post design allowed us to compare whether experiencing conditioning-induced AHs exert any influence on MMN amplitudes. Our results show that duration-deviant related MMN reductions significantly correlate with the amount of AHs experienced. Moreover, we found a significant correlation between AHs proneness (measured with the Launay-Slade Hallucination Extended Scale) and the number of AHs experienced during the paradigm. In sum, our study shows that AHs can be conditioned and exert similar effects on MMN modulation in healthy participants as has been reported for patients with schizophrenia. Thus, conditioning paradigms offer the possibility to study the association between hallucinations and MMN reductions without the confounding variables present in schizophrenia patients.
The COVID States Project #90: Utilization rates of antivirals for COVID-19
Authors: Lazer David , Uslu Ata , Qu Hong , Santillana Mauricio , Perlis Roy , Ognyanova Katherine , Baum Matthew , Druckman James , Trujillo Kristin Lunz , Safarpour Alauna , Cadenasso Samantha , Green Jon , Quintana Alexi
Published: August 2022

Antiviral therapies, specifically Paxlovid1 and Molnupiravir2, are highly effective in reducing the risk of hospitalization or death from COVID-19. Clinical trials found that Paxlovid could reduce the risk of death by as much as 89%.3 In light of the massive number of COVID-19 deaths - 400,000 deaths last year, which places it third among leading causes of death in the US, after heart disease and cancer - this suggests the potential benefit of these interventions could be profound.4While Paxlovid has been available since December 22, 2021,5 there have been challenges in its clinical application. In order to be effective, it needs to be used within 5 days of symptoms occurring, i.e., before it is clear how serious the course of illness will be. During this critical time window, patients must confirm infection, obtain a prescription from their doctor and locate a pharmacy that has the antiviral in stock. The FDA declared on May 4th, 2022, that "Paxlovid is now widely available at community pharmacies."6Despite policy efforts to make them widely prescribed, such as COVID-19 Public Therapeutic Locator website,7 the public's awareness and access to antivirals has been spotty. News reports have emphasized the “Paxlovid rebound” (a return of a positive test after taking Paxlovid), rather than the high efficacy of the antiviral at preventing death. Uneven distribution8 and unclear guidance from the federal government have resulted in shortages and confusion at the state and local levels among eligible patients and their healthcare providers.9
DAMPAK PAJAK PADA PENINGKATAN EKONOMI NEGARA
Authors: Septiyani Amelia
Published: August 2022

Catatan terkait dengan dampak pajak pada pertumbuhan ekonomi menciptakan ekonomi negara masuk kedalam G20 (Group of Twenty) tahun 2022
A sociological investigation of youth's exposure to cultural diffusion through electronic media: On the examples of Pakistani university students
Authors: Farrah Hira Ahmad , Shirwany Tanvir , Ali Usman , Ahmad Qandil
Published: August 2022

It is nearly impossible to ignore the media's enormous influence on the behavioural development of youth. As media freedom in Pakistan is almost embryonic, its impact on the youth has yet to be determined. The utilisation of diverse information resources has assumed a crucial position in the life of the youth. This influence may have both positive and negative impacts on the cognitive, political, and socioeconomic development of youth. This study investigates the channels and effects of cultural diffusion on university students in the Faisalabad district of the province of Punjab. The research was carried out using a multistage sampling strategy. As a part of this process, two universities, namely UAF and GCUF, were chosen to participate in the study utilising a simple random case sampling method. The proportionate sampling method was utilised to choose a total of 43 and 77 students, respectively, from two different clusters. The findings indicate an association between age and the perception that electronic media promotes cultural familiarity. Education level relates with respondents' perception that electronic media induces stress. The respondent's family income also affects their perception that electronic media dissatisfies youth. In fact, according to the findings of this study, an overwhelming majority of respondents experience stress, both physically and mentally. Inadequate sleep, which leads to decreased cognition, and a neglect of family involvement in extracurricular activities like sports are other contributing factors. By disclosing these findings, this study has contributed to the discourse on cultural diffusion and filled the gap in cultural diffusion research that currently exists in the Pakistani academic community.
Effects of Blocked versus Interleaved Training on Relative Value Learning
Authors: Hayes William M. , Wedell Douglas
Published: August 2022

In reinforcement learning tasks, people learn the values of options relative to other options in the local context. Prior research suggests that relative value learning is enhanced when choice contexts are temporally clustered in a blocked sequence compared to a randomly interleaved sequence. The present study was aimed at further investigating the effects of blocked versus interleaved training using a choice task that distinguishes among different contextual encoding models. Our results showed that the presentation format in which contexts are experienced can lead to qualitatively distinct forms of relative value learning. This conclusion was supported by a combination of model-free and model-based analyses. In the blocked condition, choice behavior was most consistent with a reference point model in which outcomes are encoded relative to a dynamic estimate of the contextual average reward. In contrast, the interleaved condition was best described by a range-frequency encoding model. We propose that blocked training makes it easier to track contextual outcome statistics, such as the average reward, which may then be used to relativize the values of experienced outcomes. When contexts are interleaved, range-frequency encoding may serve as a more efficient means of storing option values in memory for later retrieval.
Summarized Attribute Preferences Have Unique Antecedents and Consequences
Authors: da Silva Frost Aline , Wang Yilin Andre , Eastwick Paul Wolfe , Ledgerwood Alison
Published: August 2022

People have ideas about the attributes (i.e., traits or characteristics that vary along a dimension) that they like in others (e.g., “I like intelligence in a romantic partner”), and these ideas about liking are called summarized attribute preferences (Ledgerwood et al., 2018). But where do summarized preferences come from, and what do they predict? Across four studies, we examined how people form summarized attribute preferences and whether they predict situation selection. We showed participants a series of photographs of faces and assessed both their experienced liking for an attribute (or functional attribute preference) as well as their inference about how much they liked the attribute in the abstract (their summarized attribute preference). Our results suggest that summarized attribute preferences—despite being (weakly) grounded in functional attribute preferences—were affected by incidental aspects of the context in which people learn about them (i.e., the overall likeability of the pool of faces). Furthermore, we observed a double dissociation in the predictive validity of summarized and functional attribute preferences: Whereas summarized attribute preferences predicted situation selection at a distance (e.g., whether to join a new dating website based on a description of it), functional attribute preferences predicted situation selection with experience (e.g., whether to join a new dating website after sampling it). We discuss theoretical and methodological implications for the interdisciplinary science of human evaluation.
‘Excessive and Unreasonable’: The Relation Between Insight and Clinical Correlates and Treatment Outcomes in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Across the Life Course
Authors: Steinberg Joshua , Jaffee Sara R. , Morris Sarah
Published: August 2022

While some mental disorders are inherently characterized by a disconnect from reality, sufferers of most disorders experience varying degrees of clinical insight—the degree to which someone with a mental illness understands that they are afflicted with a mental disorder and that their symptoms are caused by this psychopathology. Although clinical insight in OCD is thought to play an especially important role in determining various clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes, insight has not been addressed from a comprehensive developmental framework, the importance of which this review will elucidate. Findings from this review suggest that clinical insight is typically associated with more complex cases and worse treatment outcomes in children and adults, but also reveals that there are nuances between pediatric and adult OCD cases with low insight. Implications of these findings, future research directions, and recommendations for the field are discussed.
What are the practical considerations for building a successful intracranial EEG and direct brain stimulation research program?
Authors: Inman Cory S , Brunner Peter
Published: August 2022

Intracranial EEG is performed at a wide range of clinical centers across the world and presents a unique opportunity to directly observe and modulate human brain activity at the speed of cognition. Capitalizing on this opportunity requires specific attention to the practicalities and challenges involved in establishing an effective and efficient intracranial research program. This entails identifying relevant scientific and clinical problems, building interdisciplinary, multi-institution teams that function within the clinical environment – a daunting task even for the most experienced scientists. Finally, we discuss the unique challenges to career advancement for those train-ing in iEEG and brain stimulation. By providing a comprehensive discussion, along with practical recommendations, this chapter hopes to reduce the barriers of entry and maximize success for new investigators entering the field of intracranial research.
Designing and detecting lies by reasoning about other agents
Authors: Oey Lauren A. , Schachner Adena , Vul Edward
Published: August 2022

How do people detect lies from the content of messages, and design lies that go undetected? Lying requires strategic reasoning about how others think and respond. We propose a unified framework underlying lie design and detection, formalized as recursive social reasoning. Senders design lies by inferring the likelihood the receiver detects potential lies; receivers detect lies by inferring if and how the sender would lie. Under this framework, we can predict the rate and content of lies people produce, and which lies are detected. In Experiment 1, we show that people calibrate the extremeness of their lies and what lies they detect to beliefs about goals and the statistics of the world. In Experiment 2, we present stronger diagnostic evidence for the function of social reasoning in lying: people cater their lies to their audience, even when their audience’s beliefs differ from their own. We conclude that recursive and rational social reasoning is a key cognitive process underlying how people communicate in adversarial settings.
Antibiotic Resistance among Gram Negative Bacilli Isolated from the ICU Admitted Patients Attending Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital
Authors: Koju Soni , Chaudhary Navin Kumar , Adhikari Shital , Adhikari Kishor
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial therapy is the main stone in treatment. Gram negative bacilli are common cause of sepsis, pneumonia and urinary tract infections in ICU patients. Their treatment becomes more challenging due to the evolution of multiple drug resistant strains. The findings of this study would be useful in the formation of effective diagnostic approaches and policy of antimicrobial therapy for the treatment of infections in a similar intensive care hospital setting.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A Laboratory based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the department of clinical microbiology of the Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital based on the reports of 129 bacterial isolated of various clinical specimens from different ICUs of hospital between April 2018 to September 2018.
RESULTS: Among the 129-gram bacilli isolated mono bacterial growth were 116(89.92%) while remaining 13(10.08%) had poly bacterial or mixed organisms isolated. The most frequently isolated organisms were Acinetobacter spp. 51(39.55%), Escherichia coli 25(19.37%), Klebsiella spp. 27(20.93%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 17(13.95%) and Enterobacter spp. 8(6.2%). Antibiotic resistance was observed in many organisms with multidrug resistance 97(75.2%) among them. High level of resistance was observed to Cefotaxime (98.04%), Ceftriaxone (96.08%), Imipenem (80.39%), Ampicillin/sulbactam (72.55%) and Amikacin (70.59%). Ciprofloxacin (68.63%), Levofloxacin (27.45%) and Meropenem (28.21%) were found to be relatively effective against Acinetobacter spp. Isolated.
CONCLUSIONS: Most of the frequently isolated organisms are multi drug resistant.
Assessment of Self-care practices, Treatment satisfaction and Quality of Life among Diabetes Type2 Patients in Pokhara, Nepal
Authors: Banstola Pragya , Yadav Dipendra Kumar , Pandey Raju
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION: Treatment satisfaction and health-related quality of life are related and important for successful treatment of diabetes patients. The main objective of this research is to assess the self-care practices, treatment satisfaction and quality of life among diabetes type2 patient in Pokhara.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the diabetes type2 patients from June 2019 to December 2019 in Pokhara Metropolitan. The sample size for this study was 248. Consecutive sampling technique was used for the selection of participants. Interview schedule was used for doing face to face interview. A collection of questions adapted from Diabetes-39 and it was used as a tool for assessing the quality of life of the participants. The Nepali version of the D-39 instrument was pre-tested among 10% (25) of total sample in Metrocity hospital to check its simplicity before data collection. Likert scale of 5 points was used to assess treatment satisfaction. Chi-square test was obtained to find out the association between dependent and independent variables and crude odd ratio was calculated to measure the strength of association.
RESULTS: Two-fourth (41.9%) of the participants were engaged in physical activity. Two-fifth (39.9%) of the participants test blood sugar monthly. About four-sixth (68.5%) of the participants had good quality of life and rest had poor quality of life. Almost all 98.0% were satisfied with the treatment. Factors such as age, sex, marital status, physical activity and duration of diabetes mellitus were associated with quality of life.
CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that physical activities should be focused to promote healthier life. One should focus on promoting a self-care practices in order to prevent the complication of disease. Quality of life can be achieved through adequate self-care practice, proper treatment and counselling.
Knowledge Regarding Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among School Teachers in a Secondary School
Authors: Nakarmi Sumitra , Bhandari Sona
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common behaviours and emotional problem arises in school age children. Teachers can play a key role in identifying and supporting students with this disorder. In order to achieve this role, it is vital for teachers to have obvious knowledge about this disorder. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge regarding Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among school teachers.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Descriptive study method was used; altogether 70 samples from Prabhat secondary school teachers were selected by using of census sampling technique. Most of them recognized attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was behavior and emotional problem which was arise in school age period. Similarly, Maximum response about symptoms were forgetfulness and difficulty engaging in non-action activities. Maximum respondents had answered for management way of Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was motivational therapy.
RESULTS: The findings of the study revealed that majority 88.3 % of the respondents had poor knowledge and 11.7% had moderate knowledge regarding attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The study also showed that the variables such as age, sex, marital status, educational level and teaching experience were not significantly related to knowledge on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
CONCLUSIONS: This study concluded that the majority of respondent had poor knowledge about Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Variables such as age, sex, marital status, educational level and teaching experience were not significantly related to knowledge on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Classification of prospective borrowing customers to reduce the risk of bad deposits in sharia cooperatives using the FK-NNC method
Authors: Dhiya'atulhaq Annisa Reza , Simanjuntak Oliver S. , Heriyanto Heriyanto
Published: August 2022

Objective: Assisting cooperatives in determining the classification of prospective financing members to reduce non-performing deposits in sharia cooperativesDesign/method/approach: The Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor in Every Class method is used to classify prospective financing members. System development using the waterfall method.Results: Based on the implementation and the results of tests carried out using the confusion matrix, the results show that using the Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor in Every Class method can classify prospective financing members with an average accuracy rate of 80% with a value of k=1 to k=10. Stable accuracy results of 80%. It shows that adding k theory to the Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor in Every Class method can improve the theory of assigning k values to the previous method, namely K-Nearest Neighbor and Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor.Authenticity/state of the art: Based on previous research carried out, the research themes and characteristics are relatively the same, but in the research conducted, there are differences in terms of the methods used, case study data, preprocessing data, and research outputs. Previous research with the same object, namely the classification of cooperative customers by applying the K-Nearest Neighbor method by determining two classes of classification results, namely traffic jams and smooth, while this study will apply the development of the K-Nearest Neighbor method using the Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor in Every method. The class with the output specifies three outcomes: crash, sometimes crash, and smooth. This study uses the data preprocessing stage with fuzzification and data transformation techniques using the min-max normalization method. In contrast, the previous research used the z score normalization method.
Implementation of the c4.5 decision tree learning algorithm for sentiment analysis in e-commerce application reviews on google play store
Authors: Ikhsanti Asrina Yuni , Fauziah Yuli , Perwira Rifki Indra
Published: August 2022

Objective: Forknowing the level of accuracy of the C4.5 Decision Tree Learning Algorithm in sentiment analysis of reviews of e-commerce applications on the google play store.Design/method/approach: Using C4.5 AlgorithmDecision Tree Learning.Results: This study uses a confusion matrix test with a comparison of 80% for training data and 20% for test data, where 750 is used for training data and 190 is used for test data. This test obtained an average accuracy of 92.63%, precision 69.58%, and recall 69.99%.Authenticity/state of the art: In this study using the C4.5 Algorithm Decision Tree Learningto conduct sentiment analysis of e-commerce reviews, which use the gain value to perform feature selection. There are four categories, namely display, service, access, and product. The data in this study were obtained from the google play store.
The Aesthetics of Rule and Resistance: Analyzing Political Street Art in Latin America
Authors: Bogerts Lisa
Published: August 2022

Effective visual communication has become an essential strategy for grassroots political activists, who use images to publicly express resistance and make their claims visible in the struggle for political power. However, this “aesthetics of resistance” is also employed by political and economic elites for their own purposes, making it increasingly difficult to distinguish from the “aesthetics of rule.” Through illuminating case studies of street art in Buenos Aires, Bogotá, Caracas, and Mexico City, The Aesthetics of Rule and Resistance explores the visual strategies of persuasion and meaning-making employed by both rulers and resisters to foster self-legitimization, identification, and mobilization.
The Social Origins of Thought: Durkheim, Mauss, and the Category Project
Authors: Schmidt Mario
Published: August 2022

By studying how different societies understand categories such as time and causality, the Durkheimians decentered Western epistemology. With contributions from philosophy, sociology, anthropology, media studies, and sinology, this volume illustrates the interdisciplinarity and intellectual rigor of the “category project” which did not only stir controversies among contemporary scholars but paved the way for other theories exploring how the thoughts of individuals are prefigured by society and vice versa.
A New African Elite: Place in the Making of a Bridge Generation
Authors: Pellow Deborah
Published: August 2022

Focusing on a sub-set of the Dagomba of northern Ghana, this book looks at the first generation to go through secondary school in the north. After university and post-graduate education, they relocate to Accra, the capital, hundreds of miles south. They crossed social and physical space and have become cosmopolitan while holding on to tradition and attachment to their home town. This bridge generation are patrons to those living up north. This book charts their path into elite status and argues that they use the tools gained through education and social connections to influence politics back home.
Stereo-electroencephalography–guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation in patients with MRI-negative focal epilepsy
Authors: Oliveira Luísa Panadés-de , Pérez-Enríquez Carmen , Barguilla Ainara , Langohr Klaus , Conesa Gerardo , Infante Nazaret , Principe Alessandro , Rocamora Rodrigo
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE

Coupled with stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG), radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFTC) has emerged as a therapeutic alternative for patients with refractory focal epilepsy, with proven safe but highly variable results across studies. The authors aimed to describe the outcomes and safety of SEEG-RFTC, focusing on patients with MRI-negative epilepsy.

METHODS

A retrospective observational study was conducted on patients evaluated by SEEG in the authors’ center. Of 84 total cases, 55 underwent RFTC, with 31 MRI-negative epilepsies that were ultimately included in the study. The primary outcome was freedom from disabling seizures at last follow-up. Secondary outcomes were reduction in seizure frequency (RFTC response = seizure frequency reduction > 50%), peri-interventional complications, and neuropsychological outcomes. Potential factors influencing post-RFTC outcome were considered by comparing different variables between responders and nonresponders.

RESULTS

The mean follow-up period was 30.9 months (range 7.1–69.8 months). Three patients underwent subsequent resection/laser interstitial thermal therapy within the 1st year after RFTC failure. All other patients completed a minimum follow-up period of 1 year. Fourteen patients (45.2%) showed at least a 50% reduction in seizure frequency (responders), and 8 were seizure free (25.8% of the whole cohort). One case showed a permanent complication not directly related to thermolesions. Most patients (76%) showed no significant cognitive decline. Electrically elicited seizures (EESs) were observed in all seizure-free patients and were more frequent in responders (p = 0.038). All patients who were seizure free at the 6-month visit maintained their status during long-term follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS

SEEG-RFTC is a safe procedure and leads to a good response in many cases of MRI-negative focal epilepsies. One-quarter of the patients were seizure free and almost one-half were responders at the last follow-up. Although these results are still far from those achieved through conventional resection, a nonnegligible proportion of patients may benefit from this one-stage and much less invasive approach. Factors associated with seizure outcome remain to be elucidated; however, responders were significantly more frequent among patients with EESs, and achieving 6 months of seizure freedom appears to predict a good long-term response. In addition, the positive predictive value of RFTC response may be a valuable factor in the decision to proceed to subsequent surgery.
The effect of Anti-Mullerian hormone on yield of oocytes recovered by ovum pick-up (opu) in heifers
Authors: ÇİZMECİ Sakine Ülküm , DİNÇ Dursun Ali , BUCAK Mustafa Numan , ÇİFTÇİ Muhammed , YEŞİLKAYA Ömer Faruk , AĞIR Vahit , DOĞAN Hasan
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the oocyte yield by the ovum pick-up (OPU) technique with the Anti-mullerian Hormone (AMH) concentrations of the donors. Ten healthy Holstein heifers aged 12 to 15 months were included in the study. AMH measurements were performed with Bovine VIDAS® Anti-Mülleian Hormone kits (Biomeriux, Marcy l’Etoile, France) using the Mini Vidas device. A total of 67 OPU sessions were performed on a random day of the cycle. Oocytes were classified according to their quality, and viability evaluation of oocytes was made according to the cell layer number and cumulus integrity in the cumulus-oocyte complex (COC), the homogeneity of their cytoplasm. The average oocyte yield in OPU sessions per animal was range from 4–8. There was an significant negative correlation between the collected oocyte numbers and plasma AMH levels. In conclusion, it was observed that AMH concentration did not affect the number of viable and the quality oocytes collected in weekly OPU administration in animals. It was thought that OPU applications performed without knowing the day of the cycle did not provide the expected correlation with AMH data.
Building the A3 Policy Checklist
Authors: Cheng Yveeva , Kraus-Perrotta Cara
Published: August 2022

The Adolescent Atlas for Action (A3) is a suite of tools that summarizes the lives and needs of adolescents around the world to promote evidence-based decision-making. Through accessible and easy-to-grasp data just one click away, the A3 bridges the gap between decisionmakers and evidence to inform policies and programs. The A3 Policy Checklist, created by the Population Council’s GIRL Center, features a curated list of national policies relevant to the lives of adolescents under 9 thematic domains, and whether countries have enacted each policy. The checklist presents a snapshot of commitments made to achieving adolescent wellbeing through adolescent-focused policies. As of July 2022, the policy checklist includes 56 policies, which were tracked for 113 low- and middle- income countries (LMICs). This list of policies is not exhaustive, and additional policies will be added to the checklist every year. This brief elaborates on the methodology for curating the A3 Policy Checklist.