bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of colonoscopic findings in patients undergoing colonoscopy due to positive fecal occult blood test: a single center experience
Authors: DÜZENLİ Tolga , KİYAK Mevlut
Published: September 2021

Aim: Fecal occult blood test is used in the early diagnosis of colorectal cancers. We aimed to evaluate the colonoscopic and pathological findings of patients who underwent colonoscopy due to positive fecal occult blood test in a tertiary center.

Material and Method: Patients who had a positive fecal occult blood test and referred to the xxx Training and Research Hospital endoscopy unit for colonoscopy were included in this study. Age, gender, colonoscopic findings and pathology results of the patients were recorded. Statistical analyzes were performed with SPSS.

Results: Two hundred and twenty three patients were included in the current study. Of the patients, 101 (45.3%) were male and 122 (54.7%) were female, with a mean age of 53.2 (18-90 years). Endoscopic diagnoses were as 49 (22%) polyps, 13 (5.8%) colon cancer, 4 (1.8%) inflammatory bowel disease, 15 (6.7%) diverticulum, 63 (28.3%) perianal disease, 79 (35.4%) normal colonoscopic findings. Pathological features of colon polyps were as; tubular adenoma in 51%, tubulovillous adenoma in 18.4%, serrated adenoma in 2%, and hyperplastic polyp in 28.6%. Colonoscopy findings of patients according to age groups (over and under 50 years of age); the incidence of polyps (p=0.01) and diverticulum (p=0.001) were significantly higher in patients older than 50 years, while perianal diseases (p=0.031) and normal colonoscopic findings (p=0.008) were higher in patients younger than 50 years of age.

Conclusion: Colon pathology was detected in approximately 2/3 of the patients presenting with a positive fecal occult blood test. This test is an inexpensive, easily applicable method that helps to detect colon cancer and precursor lesions, as well as pathologies such as subclinical inflammatory bowel disease and diverticulum causing chronic blood loss.
ANALISIS DISHARMONISASI ANTARA ASSET FINANCING SERTA KEBIJAKAN PENGELOLAAN INDUSTRI PERTAMBANGAN TERHADAP PDRB DI PROVINSI LAMPUNG
Authors: Suwarto Suwarto , Japlani Ardiansyah , Monaitaria Abi Melin
Published: September 2021

ABSTRAK Dalam rangka memanfaatkan kekayaan sumber daya alam tentunya diperlukan modal sebagai modal khususnya dari perbankan melalui asset financing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis. analisis disharmonisasi antara asset financing, kebijakan pengelolaan industri pertambangan terhadap PDRB di Lampung. Pembiayaan modal kerja dan pembiayaan investasi digunakan sebagai variabel independen. Sedangkan, dampak kebijakan kebijakan pengelolaan industri pertambangan menggunakan variabel dummy. Variabel independen dan variabel dummy tersebut dihubungkan dengan variabel dependen yaitu PDRB menggunakan metode regresi data panel dengan model Random Effect(REM) di Lampung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asset financing berpengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Lampung, namun hanya pembiayaan modal kerja yang berpengaruh signifikan. Sementara itu, kebijakan kebijakan pengelolaan industri pertambangan terbukti memberikan pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Lampung. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat bagi industri, pemerintah maupun regulator sebagai bahan evaluasi mengenai pengaruh asset financing dan kebijakan pengelolaan industri pertambangan terhadap PDRB provinsi Lampung. Kata kunci: Asset Financing, Kebijakan Pengelolaan Industri, PDRB, Lampung  ABSTRACT In order to utilize the wealth of natural resources, of course, capital is needed as capital, especially from banks through asset financing. This study aims to determine and analyze. analysis of disharmony between asset financing, mining industry management policies against GDP in Lampung. Working capital financing and investment financing are used as independent variables. Meanwhile, the impact of the mining industry management policy uses a dummy variable. The independent variables and dummy variables are associated with the dependent variable, namely GRDP using the panel data regression method with the Random Effect (REM) model in Lampung. The results showed that asset financing had a positive effect on economic growth in Lampung, but only working capital financing had a significant effect. Meanwhile, the mining industry management policy has proven to have a positive and significant impact on Lampung's economic growth. The results of this study are expected to be useful for industry, government and regulators as an evaluation of the effect of asset financing and mining industry management policies on PDRB in Lampung province. Keywords: Asset Financing, Industrial Management Policy, GRDP, Lampung
PENGARUH STRES KERJA DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. MULTRITRAN ABADI SRENGSENG JAKARTA BARAT PERIODE 2018
Authors: Pasaribu Veta Lidya Delimah , Yanuarso Bambang Purnomo
Published: September 2021

ABSTRAK Kinerja adalah proses menyeluruh untuk mengamati kinerja seorang Pegawai dalam hubungannya dengan persyaratan jabatan selama jangka waktu tertentu (yakni, menjelaskan, menetapkan tujuan, memberikan bimbingan langsung tentang bagaimana melakukan pekerjaan, menyimpan dan mengakses informasi tentang kinerja) dan kemudian membuat penilaian tentang kinerja itu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini kuantitatif. Data diambil dari hasil kuesioner. Analisis data dilakukan dengan mengunakan 4 (empat) tahapan yaitu pengumpulan data, validitas item, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan secara secara simultan antara Stres kerja(X1), Disiplin (X2), Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Y) dan yang paling dominan adalah faktor motivasi belajar dengan presentase sebesar 4,28. Kata-kata Kunci: Stres Kerja, Disiplin , Dan Kinerja Karyawan   ABSTRACT Performance is the overall process of observing an employee's performance in relation to job requirements over a period of time (i.e. explaining, setting goals, providing direct guidance on how to do work, storing and accessing performance information) and then making judgments about that performance.The method used in this research is quantitative. Data taken from the questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using 4 (four) stages, namely data collection, item validity, data presentation and drawing conclusions. Based on the research results show that, there is a positive and significant effect simultaneously between job stress (X1), Discipline (X2), on Employee Performance (Y) and the most dominant factor is learning motivation with a percentage of 4.28. Keywords: Job Stress, Discipline, and Employee Performance.
TO STUDY THE MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS
Authors: Singh Ravindra , Meena Deepak
Published: September 2021

Background: Acute pancreatitis is a protean disease capable of wide clinical variation ranging from mild discomfort to apocalyptic prostration

Methods: This study was conducted in the department of surgery, RNT Medical College and Maharana Bhupal Govt. Hospital, Udaipur. A total of 35 cases of acute pancreatitis were studied

Results: Out of these 35 patients, 25(71.42%) had favourable outcome, while 4(15.4%) patient had complication (pancreatic pseudocyst in 3, and recurrence after 7 months in 1 patient), 3(8.57%) patient died and 3 (8.57%) patient could not be followed up due to non-compliance of patient.

Conclusion: We concluded that history, clinical examination, radiological and blood investigations are helpful to come to a conclusive diagnosis and severity of acute pancreatitis and most of these cases can be managed conservatively and the use of Octreotide therapy helps in the favourable outcome.

Keywords: Conservative, Pancreatitis, Outcome
TO STUDY THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS
Authors: Singh Ravindra , Meena Deepak
Published: September 2021

Background: Acute pancreatitis is the leading cause of hospitalization for gastrointestinal disorders in the United States, with more than 280,000 hospitalizations each year.

Methods: This study was conducted in the department of surgery, RNT Medical College and Maharana Bhupal Govt. Hospital, Udaipur. A total of 35 cases of acute pancreatitis were studied

Results: Out of 35 cases of acute pancreatitis, 26(74.28%) patient were given Octreotide therapy. 9(25.7%) patient out of 35 were not given Octreotide therapy.

Conclusion: Thus it may be concluded that most of these cases can be managed conservatively and the use of Octreotide therapy helps in the favourable outcome.

Keywords: Conservative, pancreatitis, Managed
TO STUDY THE RISK FACTORS ETIOLOGY OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS
Authors: Singh Devendra , Singh Ravindra
Published: September 2021

Background: The most important aetiological factors for acute pancreatitis are either biliary tract stone disease or alcohol, which account for approximately 75-80% of all cases of acute pancreatitis

Methods: This study was conducted in the department of surgery, RNT Medical College and Maharana Bhupal Govt. Hospital, Udaipur. A total of 35 cases of acute pancreatitis were studied

Results: In our study of 35 cases of acute pancreatitis, 14(40%) patient had alcoholic pancreatitis, while 13(37.2%) patient had gall stone pancreatitis. In 8(22.8%) patient cause was undetected.

Conclusion: Alcohol abuse and gall stones were main etiological factors with almost equal frequency.

Keywords: Risk factor, Pancreatitis, Gall sone
TO STUDY THE INCIDENCE OF GALL STONE PANCREATITIS AND ALCOHOLIC PANCREATITIS OUR INSTITUTION
Authors: Singh Ravindra , Singh Devendra
Published: September 2021

Background: The most important aetiological factors for acute pancreatitis are either biliary tract stone disease or alcohol, which account for approximately 75-80% of all cases of acute pancreatitis

Methods: This study was conducted in the department of surgery, RNT Medical College and Maharana Bhupal Govt. Hospital, Udaipur. A total of 35 cases of acute pancreatitis were studied

Results: In our study of 35 cases of acute pancreatitis, 14(40%) patient had alcoholic pancreatitis, and 13(37.2%) patient had gall stone pancreatitis.

Conclusion: Prevalence of Alcohol abuse and gall stones were almost equal frequency.

Keywords: Risk factor, Pancreatitis, Gall sone
CLINIC OPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF COLORECTAL MALIGNANCY IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Singh Ravindra , Ameta Atul
Published: September 2021

Background: Colorectal carcinoma is one of the most frequent malignancies in the world. It is the second foremost cause of cancer mortality in the United States.

Methods: The present study was carried out on 25 patients, being admitted to the various surgical wards ofM.B. Govt. Hospital, attached to the R.N.T. Medical College Hospital, Udaipur between the period July 2017 to November 2019

Results: The presenting symptoms in the present study were change in bowel habit (92%), bleeding per rectum (32%), and loss of weight in 60% of cases. A lump abdomen was noticed in 48% of cases, pain abdomen in 36% of cases. 16% presented with acute bowel obstruction.

Conclusion: The common symptoms of constipation or constipation with diarrhoea are neglected and treated with simple laxative without elaborate investigation. Bleeding from malignant growth in the rectum is thought to be from piles and mis-treated accordingly, without doing a simple digital examination. It is emphasized that a thorough history taking, proper physical examination is must. To arrive in a correct diagnosis and plan a definite treatment. Also health education to the public in the forms of lectures, posters and audio-visual presentations will help the patient to seek medical advise at an earliest time.

Keywords: Colorectal, Carcinoma, Clinical
FREQUENCY OF BACTEREMIA IN BURN PATIENTS IN RELATION TO THROMBOCYTOPENIA
Authors: Bhavi Vinod , Singh Jas Karan , Singh Gurpreet , Meena Deepak
Published: September 2021

Burn patients are obviously at high risk for infections due to the immune compromising effects of burn injury. E.coli is an important life-threatening pathogen in burn units [1]. The aim of this study was to determine bacteremia  in the surgical and plastic surgery units of Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot.25 burn patients were chosen at random study staph aureus (6) was the dominant organism followed by  E. Coli (4) in blood culture,. Eight (32%) of the total patients died and 68% survived.

Keywords: Burn, Bacteremia, Thrombocytopenia
A PROSPECTIVE COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN MODIFIEDRADICAL MASTECTOMY AND BREAST CONSERVATION SURGERY IN EARLY BREAST CANCER
Authors: Singh Jas Karan , Singh Gurpreet , Meena Deepak , Bhavi Vinod
Published: September 2021

Background: The improvement in the treatment of breast cancer is due to early diagnosis, better understanding of the natural history of this disease and therapeutic improvements over the years. There is a gradual shift away from radical surgery advocated by Halsted to the breast conservative surgery during the last few decades all over the world mainly influenced by the results of several large trials of lesser surgical procedures.

Methods: Hospital based descriptive study was conducted on patients with Early Breast Cancer presenting to the Department of General Surgery in Guru Gobind Singh Medical College & Hospital, Faridkot.

Results: Mean blood loss of the subjects of the BCS group was observed to be 44.07±15.76 ml as compared to 94.36 ± 31.50 ml in the subjects of the MRM. Mean operative time of the subjects of the BCS group was observed to be 46.03±8.68 minutes as compared to the mean operative time of 64.03±16.56 minutes in the subjects of the MRM group. Mean VAS score on day-1 in BCS group and in MRM group was 5.3±1.98 and 6.73±1.70 respecively. Mean VAS score on day-3 in BCS group and in MRM group was 4.46±1.50 and 5.1±1.56 respectively. Mean VAS score on day-5 in BCS group and in MRM group was 2.96±0.76 and 2.96±1.06 respectively. Seroma Formation was observed in 3.33 % cases in BCS group and 16.67 % in MRM group. Flap necrosis was observed in 0 % in BCS group whereas 10.00 % of the patients had flap necrosis in MRM group. Positive margins were absent in both BCS group and MRM group. Wound infection was observed in 6.67% of the patients in the BCS group and 20.00% in the MRM group. Quality of life score for BCS and MRM was 108.53±14.62 and 95.26±14.70 respectively.

Conclusion: Breast conservation surgery should be the preferred treatment for Stage-I and Stage-II Breast cancer disease due to its lesser post-operative pain, shorter duration of surgery, lesser blood loss and short hospital stay thus helping in early returning to normal activity. Breast conservation surgery has better outcomes compared with Modified radical mastectomy.

Keywords: BCS, MRM, Breast surgery
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LAPAROSCOPIC AND OPEN SURGICAL METHOD IN MANAGEMENT OF PEPTIC ULCER PERFORATION
Authors: Singh Gurpreet , Meena Deepak , Bhavi Vinod , Singh Jas Karan
Published: September 2021

Background: Comparative study of laparoscopic and open surgical method in management of peptic ulcer perforation

Methods: The present study was conducted in patients presented with perforation peritonitis to the emergency department in G.G.S medical college and hospital, a tertiary care hospital in Faridkot, Punjab in which comparison of the clinical outcome between laparoscopic and open surgical methods for treatment of Gastro duodenal perforation was study.

Results: Mean operative time of laparoscopic repair group was higher (158.2±0.64 min) in comparison to open repair group (70.8±0.42 min). In the present study post-operative pain score was assessed in each and every patient using Visual analogue scale. On post-operative day 1, mean VAS for OR Group was significantly higher in comparison to LR Group. Later on postoperative day 3, Majority of patients of in LR group had a highest score of 1-4 while in OR group was score 5-7.Nexton postoperative day 5, again mean VAS for LR patients was less in comparison to OR Group.

Conclusion: As this is the first kind of study in our geographical area in which role of alcohol proved to be an important risk factor. Laparoscopic approach for repair of perforated peptic ulcer may offer significant advantage over open repair approach with lesser post-operative pain, lsser postoperative complications like wound infections, comparable reperforation rates and

lesser duration of hospital stay.

Keywords: Laparoscopic, Open, Repair
THE COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN OPEN TECHNIQUES VERSUS LIMBERG FLAP TECHNIQUE IN MANAGEMENT OF SACROCOCCYGEAL PILONIDAL SINUS
Authors: Meena Deepak , Bhavi Vinod , Singh Jas Karan , Singh Gurpreet
Published: September 2021

Background: Comparative study of laparoscopic and open surgical method in management of peptic ulcer perforation

Methods: The present study was conducted in patients presented with perforation peritonitis to the emergency department in G.G.S medical college and hospital, a tertiary care hospital in Faridkot, Punjab in which comparison of the clinical outcome between laparoscopic and open surgical methods for treatment of Gastro duodenal perforation was study.

Results: Mean operative time of laparoscopic repair group was higher (158.2±0.64 min) in comparison to open repair group (70.8±0.42 min). In the present study post-operative pain score was assessed in each and every patient using Visual analogue scale. On post-operative day 1, mean VAS for OR Group was significantly higher in comparison to LR Group. Later on postoperative day 3, Majority of patients of in LR group had a highest score of 1-4 while in OR group was score 5-7.Nexton postoperative day 5, again mean VAS for LR patients was less in comparison to OR Group.

Conclusion: As this is the first kind of study in our geographical area in which role of alcohol proved to be an important risk factor. Laparoscopic approach for repair of perforated peptic ulcer may offer significant advantage over open repair approach with lesser post-operative pain, lsser postoperative complications like wound infections, comparable reperforation rates and

lesser duration of hospital stay.

Keywords: Laparoscopic, Open, Repair
A National Survey of Iranian Academicians’ Attitudes Towards COVID-19 Vaccination
Authors:   Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Abouee-Mehrizi Amirreza
Published: September 2021

Background: Given the importance of using the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine in the control and prevention of this disease, the aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes of Iranian medical and healthcare professionals regarding COVID-19 vaccination. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in August 2020. The target population was professors and researchers of Iranian universities of medical sciences. Data were collected using a questionnaire designed in a study on mapping global trends in vaccine confidence. The participants were invited through an online invitation to respond to the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and compared using the Chi-square test. Results: Out of 16500 invitations, 918 subjects participated in the study. Most of the participants were female (55.7%). Almost 51% of participants had a PhD degree. The results showed that 46.3% were not sure about the effectiveness and safety of the COVID-19 vaccine. The majority of participants (67.2 %) responded that the country has to provide the vaccine for free rather than paying the cost of the vaccine. Moreover, 73.0 % preferred the COVID-19 vaccine made in a foreign country to the COVID-19 vaccine made in their own country. The United States followed by Germany have been selected by most Iranian researchers to produce the COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusion: This study showed the high importance of creating a culture and raising the level of awareness and knowledge of the people before the preparation and distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine in the community.
Barriers and Facilitators of Adherence to the COVID-19 Prevention Guidelines: A Qualitative Study
Authors:   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran., Dehghani Shoaib , Pooladi Arash ,   Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran., Nouri Bijan ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran., Valiee Sina ,   Clinical Care Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Published: September 2021

Background: Despite the recommendations to follow guidelines for the prevention of COVID-19, different communities do not completely adhere to these guidelines. The aim of this study was to explore the barriers and facilitators of the adherence of the people of Sanandaj to the COVID-19 prevention guidelines. Materials & Methods: The present study was a qualitative content analysis study conducted in 2020. A purposive sampling method among the residents of Sanandaj, Iran was applied and continued until data saturation was achieved. Twenty semi-structured interviews were conducted with the participants. A verbatim transcription of interviews was analyzed through qualitative conventional content analysis. Results: Participants included 12 men and 8 women. Data analysis yielded 8 categories and 26 sub-categories regarding the barriers and facilitators of the participants’ adherence to the COVID-19 prevention guidelines. The barriers included myths, being under pressure, and letting and facilitators included awareness, fear, commitment, unity against the disease, and warnings. Conclusion: According to the findings, it is necessary to correct people’s beliefs, support them, and continue to make them informed about the disease. Increasing awareness and commitment, strengthening the spirit of unity among people, and increasing the level of warnings can be effective in increasing adherence of people to the COVID-19 prevention guidelines.
Assessing Quality of Services for the Elderly Residents in Nursing Homes of Tabriz, Iran in 2019
Authors:   Department of Health Policy and Health Services Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Gholamzadeh Nikjoo Rana , Eyvazi Torchi Mitra ,   Department of Health Policy and Health Services Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Partovi Yegane ,   Department of Health Policy and Health Services Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Javan Biparva Akbar ,   Student Research Committee, School of Health Management and Medical Informatics, Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Published: September 2021

Background: Environmental characteristics, as well as the quality of health care services provided to older adults group, are among significant determinants of elderly quality of life. The present study was done to assess the quality of services delivered to elderly residents in nursing homes located in Tabriz, Iran in 2019. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the elderly living in nursing homes in Tabriz, Iran, of whom 74 residents met the inclusion criteria and were included. The researchers referred to the nursing homes and recruited the participants with regard to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Out of the 74 older adults, 35 and 39 cases were respectively male and female. The largest age group (43.2%) was related to those between 60 and 69 years old. Also, 71.6% of the elderly had been residing in nursing homes for 6-20 months. The rate of service quality in terms of the medical, psychological, welfare, and social domains was 66%, 48%, 68%, and 65%, respectively. Besides, no significant relationship was observed between demographic variables and total scores of service quality (P>0.05). Conclusion: Paying attention to psychological services, including providing counseling and social work services, adapting the centers, and creating recreational departments can lead to an increase in psychological quality and ultimately, overall service quality.
Cardiovascular Risk Profile of Apparently Healthy Workers in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria., Esan Arinola , Adeleye Jokotade ,   Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria., Azeez Taoreed ,   Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Published: September 2021

Background: Cardiovascular disease incidence is rising in Nigeria. This study was done to identify cardiovascular risk factors and assess the 10-year cardiovascular risk score of healthcare workers of a tertiary hospital in south-western Nigeria. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, apparently healthy workers of a tertiary hospital in Nigeria were studied. Fifty-two individuals were recruited into the study. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, fasting lipid profile and HbA1c were obtained using the standard protocols. QRISK3 score was also calculated. Results: The Mean±SD age of participants was 44.9±8.1 years. Dyslipidaemia was the most common risk factor among apparently healthy healthcare workers, while glucose intolerance was the least common. Also, 48.1% of the subjects had at least one cardiovascular risk factor and 15.4% had 3 or more cardiovascular risk factors. The 10-year cardiovascular risk using QRISK3 was moderate in 3.8%. There was no statistically significant difference in the 10-year cardiovascular risk score between the clinical and non-clinical healthcare workers (P=0.313; t=0.819). However, male participants had a significantly higher 10-year cardiovascular risk score compared with the females (3.50 vs. 1.56; P<0.001; t=3.741). Conclusion: Cardiovascular risk factors are prevalent among health workers and closer attention needs to be paid to these factors by the hospital management to mitigate cardiovascular disease among the staff.
Effects of Schema Therapy on Anxiety, Cognitive Avoidance, and Resilience in Couples With Conflicts
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran., Mohammadian Shabnam , Asgari Parviz ,   Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran., Makvandi Behnam ,   Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran., Naderi Farah ,   Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
Published: September 2021

Background: Resilience, as a variable affecting couples’ relationships and resolving conflicts between them, plays an essential role in family psychology and family therapy. Materials & Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, a control group, and a 45-day follow-up design. The statistical population included all couples with low marital adjustment who were referred to the psychological counseling centers of Ahvaz City, Iran, in 2020. Thirty participants were selected using the convenience sampling method and randomly divided into the experimental and control groups (n=15 couples/group). The necessary data were collected using the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), the Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire (CAQ), and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). The schema therapy program was performed for the experimental group in eight 90-minute weekly sessions; however, the control group received no intervention. The follow-up phase was performed after 45 days. Repeated-Measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used in SPSS to analyze the obtained data. Results: Schema therapy effectively decreased anxiety and cognitive avoidance and increased resilience among couples in the experimental group (P<0.001). The Mean±SD post-test score of resilience was measured as 50.87±4.64 in the experimental group, which increased, compared to the post-test scores (43.33±5.71) in the control group. Conclusion: Schema therapy decreased anxiety, cognitive avoidance, and significantly increased resilience in the examined couples. Schema therapy can be used to improve resilience in couples presenting marital conflicts.
The Prevalence of Pediculosis in Behbahan County From 2017 to 2018
Authors:   Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jondishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran., Golkar Fatemeh , Behbahani Abdolamir ,   Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jondishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Published: September 2021

Background: The present project presented the prevalence of pediculosis in Behbahan County, Iran, to plan effective control programs in this area. Materials & Methods: The data of head lice were collected from the Behbahan Public Healthcare centers. Accordingly, the relevant prevalence rate was estimated according to the age, gender, residential place, and season of the year. Results: There were 8002 pediculosis cases reported in Behbahan County from January 2017 to December 2018. The prevalence of pediculosis was reported as 2.31% and 1.99% in 2017 and 2018, respectively. The prevalence among females (3750 per 100000 population) was significantly higher than that in males (929 per 100000 population) (P<0.001). Respecting age, the highest prevalence was among the 6-12 years age group with a prevalence of 8067 and 7285 subjects per 100000 population in 2017 and 2018, respectively. The highest number of cases were found in October. Conclusion: According to our collected results, the illness requires a higher degree of concentration management to adequately manage.
The Effects of Illness Perception on Diet Adherence in Patients With Hypertension
Authors:   Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Rouhi Balasi Leila , Salari Arsalan ,   Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Emami Sigaroudi Abdolhosein ,   Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Ashouri Asieh ,   Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,   Research Center of Health and Environment, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Moaddab Fatemeh ,   Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Zaer Sabet Fatemeh ,   Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Nourisaeed Azam ,   Department of Psychology, School of Literature and Humanities, Islamic Azad University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
Published: September 2021

Background: The role of nutrition is undeniable in controlling hypertension; diet is among the most effective non-pharmaceutical methods. The current study aimed to determine the role of illness perception on diet adherence in patients with hypertension. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study examined 268 patients with hypertension. The study sample was selected by convenience sampling method. The study tool consisted of the patients’ individual, social, and clinical factors, illness perception about hypertension, and adherence to the diet. The necessary data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression models. Results: The Mean±SD score of illness perception was measured as 37.09±4.91 out of 56. Adherence to the recommended diet was relatively desirable in the majority of the examined patients (62%). Multiple logistic regression analysis data revealed no significant relationship between the scores of illness perception and dietary adherence (Adjusted OR=1.038, 95%CI: 0.974-1.105, P =0.250). The main predictor of dietary adherence was having hypertension dietary knowledge (OR=2.198, 95%CI: 1.198-4.035, P=0.011). Conclusion: Our study data revealed that increasing awareness among patients with hypertension complications can improve self-care behaviors, including adherence to standard diets. Therefore, emphasis on increasing awareness among these patients and their continued follow-up seems necessar
Factors Associated With COVID-19-induced Deaths in Africa
Authors:   Department of Sociology and Social Work, School of Arts and Social Sciences, Adi Keih, Eritrea., Amahazion Fikresus
Published: September 2021

Background: Although COVID-19 has been a global crisis, respecting no boundaries, the burden and number of cases have been much lower in numerous African countries than initially feared. The reason for considerable cross-country variability across the continent remains undiscovered. Accordingly, the present study investigated the potential country-level factors associated with the COVID-19 burden in Africa Materials & Methods: Guided by emerging empirical findings, the rapidly evolving literature, and relevant theoretical frameworks, a unique cross-sectional dataset comprising 54 African countries were constructed. Descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine critical factors associated with COVID-19 deaths in Africa. Results: The obtained data suggested that population density was negatively and significantly associated with COVID-19-induced deaths; however, the median age presented a positive, and significant association with COVID-19-related deaths. Other explored factors, such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, global connectivity, DTP immunization coverage, the percentage of seats in parliament held by women, and political regime type demonstrated no significant relationship with COVID-19-related deaths. Conclusion: The global empirical analyses have indicated that an array of socio-economic, demographic, political, and health-related factors may be associated with COVID-19 burden; however, the present study indicated that population density and median age were associated with COVID-19-induced deaths in Africa.
Tramadol Poisoning: A Systematic Review of Studies in Iran
Authors:   Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Akhavan Reza , Soroosh Davood ,   Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Emdad Trauma Hospital, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran., Habibzadeh Seyed Reza ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Maleki Fatemeh ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran., Rayat Dost Esmaeil ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran., Teimouri Ali ,   Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Foroughian Mahdi ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Published: September 2021

Background: According to statistics, tramadol use is extremely prevalent in Iran. Besides, tramadol overdose is mostly observed in young individuals. Given the significance of this issue and the increasing prevalence of tramadol use in Iran, this study aimed to systematically review tramadol poisoning in Iran. Methods: In this review, a search was conducted in Persian databases of IranMedex, SID, Medlib, Magiran, as well as Google Scholar using the keywords of “poisoning and tramadol” without a time limitation. Results: Some of the main issues related to tramadol poisoning were as follows: the majority of cases consumed tramadol to commit suicide; most tramadol consumers were aged below 30 years; the majority of patients with tramadol poisoning were single and male; tramadol was mostly used orally; in most studies, patients were hospitalized for >24 hours; the majority of patients concomitantly took other medications with tramadol; in most studies, patients had a history of tramadol use; most studies reported a relationship between tramadol dose and seizures, and the most common cause of hospital referral was decreased consciousness level. Conclusion: Tramadol misuse and poisoning could lead to seizures and often death. Besides, most cases with tramadol poisoning were aged below 30 and consumed tramadol to commit suicide. Thus, it is crucial to improve the youth’s awareness about tramadol use, develop methods to prevent suicides, and limit access to this drug, especially in young adults.
Sudden Infant Death Due to Postvaccinal Myocarditis: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Forensic Toxicology, Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran, Salahshour Babak , Sadeghi Sajjad ,   Department of Forensic Toxicology, Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran, Sajadianfar Ahmad ,   Forensic Pathology Laboratory, Legal Medicine Center of North Khorasan Province, Bojnurd, Iran, Soltaninejad Kambiz ,   Department of Forensic Toxicology, Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran
Published: September 2021

Background: Vaccination is a fundamental strategy in public health for controlling and eradicating infectious diseases. However, the undesirable Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI) should be effectively monitored, prevented, and managed in societies. Previously, Sudden Infant Death (SID) has been reported as a serious AEFI. We present a rare case of SID in an 18-month-old girl due to severe myocarditis following vaccination. Case Presentation: An 18-month-old girl presented to the Emergency Department (ED) with a history of the injection of Diphtheria-Tetanus-Whole Cell Pertussis (DTwP); Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR), and oral poliovirus vaccines. She expired one-hour post ED admission after the episodes of vomiting and cardiopulmonary arrest. Postmortem histopathological examination signified marked congestion and the destruction of muscle fibers in the myocardium with inflammatory cells infiltration predominantly eosinophils. Given the postmortem histopathological findings, the cause of death was concluded as severe myocarditis following vaccination. Finally, the causality assessment was performed according to the Naranjo scale; the relevant data revealed a probable association in this regard (Naranjo score 6). Conclusion: Myocarditis is a rare and probable AEFI; thus, cardiac monitoring should be recommended as a diagnostic measure in managing postvaccinal adverse effects.
The Effects of Succimer and Penicillamine on Acute Lead Poisoning Patients
Authors:   Department of Clinical Toxicology, Isfahan Clinical Toxicology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Dorooshi Gholamali , Molavi Negar ,   Department of Clinical Toxicology, Isfahan Clinical Toxicology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Meamar Rokhsareh ,   Department of Clinical Toxicology, Isfahan Clinical Toxicology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Hasanzadeh Akbar ,   Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Eizadi-Mood Nastaran ,   Department of Clinical Toxicology, Isfahan Clinical Toxicology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Published: September 2021

Background: Lead poisoning was on the rise in recent years. There exists a lack of easy access to some of the main chelator drugs in developing countries. Thus, this study aimed to explore the comparative effects of Succimer and D-Penicillamine on acute lead poisoning patients from 2013 to 2018. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in the Clinical Toxicology Department of Khorshid Hospital in Isfahan City, Iran. Adult patients with acute lead poisoning were included in the study. Patients in the 3 treatment groups of D-Penicillamine, D-Penicillamine with succimer, and succimer were compared concerning demographic characteristics as well as clinical and laboratory findings at admission time and two weeks later. Results: In total, 163 patients were evaluated in this research. There was no significant difference between the treatment groups respecting improvement in clinical symptoms. The mean blood lead levels during hospitalization and two weeks after the treatment did not significantly differ between the three groups; however, there was a significant reduction in all study groups after two weeks of treatment (P<0.05). The mean white blood cell count was significantly lower only in the D-Penicillamine group two weeks after hospitalization (P<0.05). In the D-Penicillamine group, the mean platelet, hematocrit, and hemoglobin levels were significantly lower two weeks after hospitalization, although within the healthy range. Conclusion: D-Penicillamine may be an acceptable chelator drug for treating patients with acute lead poisoning, especially in communities without access to drugs, like succimer.
Clinico-epidemiological Analysis of Adult Patients With Acute Poisoning
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Soltaninejad Forogh , Beigi Ghazal ,   Department of Clinical Toxicology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Golshiri Parastoo ,   Department of Community & Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Eizadi-Mood Nastaran ,   Department of Clinical Toxicology, School of Medicine, Isfahan Clinical Toxicology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Published: September 2021

Background: Patients with acute poisoning sometimes require hospitalization in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The correct admission of these patients has resulted to lower mortality. This study compared the characteristics of adult patients with acute poisoning who were admitted to the poisoning ward and the ICU. We also determined the relevant outcome predictive factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on adult acutely poisoned patients who were admitted to the emergency room of Khorshid Hospital affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences from October 2018 to 2019. The clinico-epidemiological variables and outcomes were compared between adult patients hospitalized in the ward (n=100) and ICU (n=100). Binary logistic regression was used for predicting the outcome factors. Results: The Mean±SE age of the study patients in the ICU and ward were 36.6±1.62 (median: 34) and 34.20±1.19 years, (median: 33, P=0.23), respectively. There was no significant difference between the study groups respecting substance dependence, alcohol and drug abuse, disease history, and the type of exposure (P>0.05). However, self-mutilation, the kind of substance, the vital signs and level of consciousness at admission, and outcomes were significantly different between the research groups (P<0.05). Variables predicting outcomes (complication/death) were as follows: gender (male) (OR: 4.51; 95%CI: 1.51-13.42; P=0.007), the kind of substance (pesticides) (OR: 8.84; 95%CI: 1.78-44.07; P=0.008), time to admission (OR: 1.04; 95%CI: 1.02-1.08; P=0.002), hypotension (OR: 14.88; 95%CI: 3.01-71.58; P=0.001), and the place of hospitalization (ward) (OR: 2.85; 95%CI: 1.23-6.62; P=0.01). Conclusion: The self-mutilation, kind of substance, vital signs, level of consciousness at admission, and outcomes were significantly different between the study patients hospitalized in the ICU, compared to the ward. Gender (male), the kind of substance (pesticides), delayed arrival times, hypotension, and the place of hospitalization (ward) were essential factors for outcome (complication/death) prediction.
The Prevalence of Hyperamylasemia and Its Relationship With Mortality in COVID-19 Patients
Authors:   Medical Toxicology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Ataei Zahra , Ziaei Malihe ,   Department  of  Community  Medicine,  School  of  Medicine,  Social  Determinants  of  Health  Research  Center,  Gonabad  University  of  Medical  Sciences, Gonabad, Iran., Yaghoubi Atieh ,   Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Ataei Leila ,   Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Soleimanpour Saman ,   Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,   Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Published: September 2021

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Visual Disturbances in Patients With Acute Methanol Poisoning: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors:   Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran., Mousavi Roknabadi Razieh Sadat , Alibeigi Mahdi ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran., Sharifi Mehrdad ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran., Mousavi Roknabadi Reyhaneh Sadat ,   Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran., Beizavi Zahra ,   Student Research Committee, Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Published: September 2021

Background: Methanol poisoning is a serious problem in public health, especially in developing countries. The present study aimed to evaluate the incidence of visual disturbances in patients with acute methanol poisoning in the south of Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study (from 21/March/2014 to 21/March/2019) was conducted on all adult patients’ medical records who were referred to Ali-Asghar Hospital in Shiraz City, Iran, with acute methanol poisoning. The required data were collected using a data-gathering form and were then analyzed. Results: Twenty male patients were enrolled in this research, with Mean±SD age of 33.15±10.40 years. Visual disturbances were observed in 15(75%) of the study subjects, as the most common clinical manifestations. Blurred vision (40%) and blindness (35%) were the most frequent visual disturbances in the study participants. None of the study subjects reported photophobia. The explored variables did not differ between patients with visual disturbances and those without visual disturbances. Only one patient who encountered blindness was expired. Conclusion: The incidence of visual disturbances in the study patients with acute methanol poisoning was higher than that of similar studies