bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
One-Class Machine-Learning Model to Screen for Dysglycemia Using Single Lead ECG in ICU, toward Noninvasive Blood Glucose Monitoring
Authors: Chiu I-Min , Cheng Chi-Yung , Chang Po-Kai , Li Chao-Jui , Cheng Fu-Jen , Lin Chun-Hung Richard
Published: August 2022

Blood glucose (BG) monitoring is an important issue for critically ill patients. Previous studies reported that poor sugar control was associated with increased mortality in admitted patients. However, repeated blood glucose monitoring can be resource-consuming and cause a healthcare burden in clinical practice. In this study, we aimed to develop a personalized machine-learning model to predict dysglycemia based on electrocardiogram (ECG) findings. The study included patients with more than 20 ECG records during single hospital admission in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III database, focusing on the lead II recordings, along with the corresponding blood sugar data. We processed the data and used ECG features from each heartbeat as inputs to develop a one-class support vector machine (SVM) algorithm to predict dysglycemia. The model prediction for dysglycemia using a single heartbeat had an AUC level of 0.92 ± 0.09, with a sensitivity of 0.92 ± 0.10 and specificity of 0.84 ± 0.04. Based on 10 s majority voting, the model prediction for dysglycemia improved to an AUC of 0.97 ± 0.06. In this study, we found that a personalized machine-learning algorithm could accurately detect dysglycemia using a single-lead ECG.
Enhancing Imagistic Interstitial Lung Disease Diagnosis by Using Complex Networks
Authors: Trușculescu Ana Adriana , Manolescu Diana Luminița , Broască Laura , Ancușa Versavia Maria , Ciocârlie Horia , Pescaru Corina Camelia , Vaștag Emanuela , Oancea Cristian Iulian
Published: August 2022

Diffuse interstitial lung diseases (DILD) are a heterogeneous group of over 200 entities, some with dramatical evolution and poor prognostic. Because of their overlapping clinical, physiopathological and imagistic nature, successful management requires early detection and proper progression evaluation. This paper tests a complex networks (CN) algorithm for imagistic aided diagnosis fitness for the possibility of achieving relevant and novel DILD management data. 65 DILD and 31 normal high resolution computer tomography (HRCT) scans were selected and analyzed with the CN model. The algorithm is showcased in two case reports and then statistical analysis on the entire lot shows that a CN algorithm quantifies progression evaluation with a very fine accuracy, surpassing functional parameters’ variations. The CN algorithm can also be successfully used for early detection, mainly on the ground glass opacity Hounsfield Units band of the scan.
Systematic Literature Review on Parental Perspectives of the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Food-Related Behaviors
Authors: Titis Elisabeth
Published: August 2022

Home confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic has been accompanied by dramatic changes in household food dynamics that can significantly influence health. This systematic literature review presents parental perspectives of the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on food preparation and meal routines, as well as other food-related behaviors, capturing both favorable and unfavorable changes in the family food environment (FFE). Themes and trends are identified and associations with other lifestyle factors are assessed. In overall, families enjoyed more time together around food, including planning meals, cooking, and eating together. Eating more diverse foods and balanced meals was combined with overeating and increased snacking, as parents became more permissive towards food; however, food insecurity increased among families with the lowest income. Adoption of meal planning skills and online shopping behavior emerged alongside behaviors aimed at self-sufficiency, such as bulk purchasing and stockpiling. These results are an important first step in recognizing how this pandemic may be affecting the FFE, including low-income families. Future obesity prevention and treatment initiatives, but also ongoing efforts to address food management, parental feeding practices, and food insecurity, can account for these changes moving forward.
Oxidized Resveratrol Metabolites as Potent Antioxidants and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors
Authors: Agbadua Orinamhe G. , Kúsz Norbert , Berkecz Róbert , Gáti Tamás , Tóth Gábor , Hunyadi Attila
Published: August 2022

Resveratrol is a well-known natural polyphenol with a plethora of pharmacological activities. As a potent antioxidant, resveratrol is highly oxidizable, and readily reacts with reactive oxygen species (ROS). Such a reaction not only leads to a decrease in ROS levels in a biological environ-ment but may also generate a wide range of metabolites with altered bioactivities. Inspired by this notion, in the current study, our aim was to take a diversity-oriented chemical approach to study the chemical space of oxidized resveratrol metabolites. Chemical oxidation of resveratrol and a bioactivity-guided isolation strategy using xanthine oxidase (XO) and radical scavenging activities led to the isolation of a diverse group of compounds, including a chlorine-substituted compound (2), two iodine-substituted compounds (3 and 4), two viniferins (5 and 6), an eth-oxy-substituted compound (7) two ethoxy-substituted dimers (8 and 9). Compounds 4, 7, 8 and 9 are reported here for the first time. All compounds without ethoxy-substitution exerted stronger XO inhibition than their parent compound, resveratrol. By enzyme kinetic and in silico docking studies compounds 2, 3 and 4 were identified as potent competitive inhibitors of the enzyme while the viniferins acted as mixed-type inhibitors. Further, compounds 2 and 9 had better DPPH scavenging activity and oxygen radical absorbing capacity than resveratrol. Our results suggest that the antioxidant activity of resveratrol is modulated by the effect of a cascade of chemically stable oxidized metabolites, several of which have significantly altered target specificity as compared to their parent compound.
Breast Cancer in Asia: Incidence, Mortality, Early Detection, Mammography Programmes, and Risk-based Screening Initiatives
Authors: Lim Yu Xian , Lim Zi Lin , Ho Peh Joo , Li Jingmei
Published: August 2022

Close to half (45.4%) of 2.3 million breast cancers (BC) diagnosed in 2020 were from Asia. While the burden of breast cancer has been examined on the level of broad geographic regions, literature on more in-depth coverage of the individual countries and subregions of the Asian continent is lacking. This review examines the breast cancer burden in 47 Asian countries. Breast cancer screening guidelines and risk-based screening initiatives are discussed.
METODE PEMBELAJARAN KOSAKATA BAHASA INGGRIS PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Pertiwi Ayu Bella , Rahmawati Anayanti , Hafidah Ruli
Published: August 2022

Metode pembelajaran merupakan suatu cara yang digunakan dalam menyampaikan materi untuk mencapai tujuan. Anak usia dini memiliki perbedaan penerimaan dengan orang dewasa ketika mempelajari bahasa, tak terkecuali dengan bahasa Inggris. Perlu adanya penggunaan berbagai metode pembelajaran yang menarik dan menyenangkan sehingga anak termotivasi untuk mengikuti proses kegiatan belajar mengajar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapat gambaran mengenai penerapan metode pembelajaran bahasa Inggris yang digunakan di taman kanak-kanak di gugus III Kecamatan Ploso Jombang. Pendekatan pada penelitian ini yaitu penelitian kualitatif dengan desain fenomenologi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah seluruh guru taman kanak-kanak yang melaksanakan pembelajaran bahasa Inggris dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar dengan jumlah 8 guru. Sumber data dari penelitian ini adalah guru dan kepala sekolah. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik uji validitas data menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi metode. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis data kualitatif menurut Cresswell berupa data mentah, menyusun dan mempersiapkan data, membaca seluruh data, memberi kode pada semua data untuk melakukan analisis lebih detail, menyajikan deskripsi dan tema dalam bentuk narasi, saling menghubungkan tema/deskripsi, dan mengintepretasi atau memaknai tema/deskripsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode pembelajaran bahasa Inggris yang digunakan guru yaitu metode bernyanyi (62%), metode meniru/drilling (25%), dan metode permainan (13%). Dari ketiga metode yang digunakan perkembangan kosakata bahasa Inggris anak masih belum sesuai dengan capaian yang diinginkan.

 
Profil Kemampuan Motorik Kasar Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Sulistyo Intan Tiara , Pudyaningtyas Adriani , Sholeha Vera
Published: August 2022

ABSTRAK Perkembangan motorik kasar pada anak TK perlu mendapat perhatian lebih oleh guru dan orang tua agar anak dapat menjalankan tugas perkembangan dengan baik, karena perkembangan motorik kasar pada anak usia dini sangat berguna untuk kehidupan anak dimasa mendatang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil kemampuan motorik kasar anak usia 5-6 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif dengan metode survei. Sampel penelitian sejumlah 123 anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Gugus Dahlia di Kecamatan Ngrampal, Kabupaten Sragen. Validitas instrumen menggunakan validitas isi. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner untuk mengetahui kemampuan motorik kasar. Teknik analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif yaitu data yang terkumpul akan disajikan berupa persentase. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan kemampuan motorik kasar anak di TK Gugus Dahlia di Kecamatan Ngrampal, Kabupaten Sragen memiliki hasil yang cukup baik. Terdapat 1 anak (0,81 %) dari 123 anak yang memiliki tingkat pencapaian perkembangan mulai berkembang, 26 anak (21,14 %) berkembang sesuai harapan, dan 96 anak (78,05 %) berkembang sangat baik. Data tersebut membuktikan bahwa profil kemampuan motorik kasar anak bervariatif atau berbeda-beda. Anak-anak memiliki capaian indikator yang berbeda dari kedelapan indikator yang telah disajikan yaitu melewati papan titian, menirukan gerakan pesawat terbang, melompat dengan kedua kaki secara bersama, melompat dengan salah satu kaki, berlari secara zig-zag, berlari mengikuti garis lurus, meloncat sesuai dengan gambar pijakan, dan memindahkan bola dari bagian kanan tubuh ke bagian kiri tubuh dengan duduk yang ditunjukkan melalui data kuesioner dengan pedoman rubrik penilaian yang dibuat.
EL PANAL JURÍDICO Y POLÍTICO DE LAS ABEJAS
Authors:   Universidad Católica de Colombia, Ortega Ruiz Luis Germán
Published: August 2022

The legal and political activity around bees has become one of the environmental issues that has been included in the agenda of the States in search of their conservation. For this reason, this research analyzes the legal and political regulations on bees considering a normative and jurisprudential analysis, posing as a legal question: What is the legal and political development that protects the protection of bees as State and Government policies in different legal systems? This question is approached through a qualitative analysis of the legal norms of different legal systems in conjunction with judicial pronouncements.
Immunities of the Herd in Peace, War, and COVID-19
Authors: Anderson Warwick
Published: August 2022

Intermittently, the concept of herd immunity has been a potent, if sometimes ambiguous and controversial, means of framing the global response to the COVID-19 pandemic and envisaging its end. Realizing the full meaning of human herd immunity requires further attention to its connections after World War I with British social theory. Distracted by “obvious” yet unsubstantiated correspondences with veterinary research, historians of the concept have not engaged with the more proximate influence of discussions of social psychology and group dynamics on postwar epidemiology. Understanding the openness of early 20th century epidemiology to social thought deepens our appreciation of the significance of herd or population immunity, as well as suggests new avenues for exchange between public health and contemporary social sciences. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(10):1465–1470. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306931 )
Roger Bacon’s De signis, a missing part of Opus Maius III, and the “knowledge of languages”
Authors: Rosier Catach Irène
Published: August 2022

Roger Bacon’s De signis is a major contribution to the history of semantics. However, we know from the author's summary given in the Opus tertium that it has come down to us in an incomplete form. It belongs to the third part of Bacon’s Opus maius, devoted to the “knowledge of languages”. The three sections of the summary in the Opus tertium enable us to understand its organization. The first section presents various arguments in favor of knowledge of languages. The major part of the second section of the summary is related to the “power of words”, which was originally present in the section on mathematics and magic (Opus maius IV). The third section is not present is the edition of Opus maius III: it was devoted to the study of signs and signification, which corresponds to the De signis, and circulated independently, and to its application to theology, a section that has not been found. Just as the late Compendium studii theologiae, the De signis offers an original treatment of semantic and linguistic questions which are fully embedded in the sophisticated debates that took place in the faculties of arts in Paris and Oxford during the second half of the 13th century. Bacon’s linguistic analysis can be equally relevant for the study of the Bible and theology.
“…cupiens mathematicam tractare infra radices metaphysice…” Roger Bacon on Mathematical Abstraction
Authors: Demange Dominique
Published: August 2022

In some passages of the Opus maius and the Opus tertium, Roger Bacon holds that mathematical objects are the immediate and adequate objects of human’s intellect: in our sensible life, the intellect develops mostly around quantity itself. We comprehend quantities and bodies by a perception of the intellect because their forms belong to the intellect, namely, an understanding of mathematical truths is almost innate within us. A natural reaction to these sentences is to deduce a strong Pythagorean or Platonic influence in Roger Bacon’s theory of mathematical knowledge. However, Bacon has always followed Aristotle’s view according to which numbers and figures have no real existence apart from the sensible substances, and universal knowledge comes from sensory experience as well. It appears that Bacon’s claim that quantity is the first object of human's intellect comes from an original reading of a passage of Aristotle’s On Memory and Reminiscence. In this paper, we try to clarify Bacon’s views about mathematical abstraction and intellectual perception of mathematical forms in his Parisian questions on Physics and Liber De causis, the Perspectiva, Opus maius, Opus tertium, the Communia mathematica and the Geometria speculativa. We conclude that Bacon considered mathematical abstraction as a mode of perception of the internal structure of the physical world: mathematical abstraction does not mean for Bacon an act of separation of ideal forms from the sensible matter, but a possibility of intuition of the internal structure of the sensible world itself, a faculty which is necessary for human’s perception of space and time.
Deformation and Damage Characteristics of Deep Rock Specimens Based on 3D-DIC and FBG
Authors: Liu Chang , Yao Duoxi , Zhang Pingsong , Ou Yuanchao , Lin Jiajian , Tian Yutong
Published: August 2022

Specimen-scale testing of loaded rock parameters is an important research component of rock mechanics testing. In this paper, a method combining 3D-DIC and FBG (fiber Bragg grating) technology is proposed and applied to the study of deformation and damage characteristics of deep limestone and sandstone specimens under uniaxial loading conditions in the Panxie mine area of Huainan coalfield. The selection of optical fiber, the bonding method, and the process of rock specimen fabrication are introduced in detail. Two different fiber Bragg grating sensor arrays were constructed by using both multi-inclination type and orthogonal type deployment of fiber grating to dynamically monitor the strain response of rock specimens throughout the whole process. The results show that both 3D-DIC displacement monitoring and fiber Bragg grating strain captured the rock deformation and failure process well with identical outcomes. Under a continuous load of 0.3 kN/s, the local cracks of the rock specimen and the damage to the rock specimen resulted in different degrees of sudden changes in the fiber strain value. According to the differences in the degrees of brittleness and texture densities of the rock specimens, the local cracks evolution to transfixion of the limestone registered a certain time accumulation and produced more local cracks, while the sandstone at the same stage produced fewer local cracks within a shorter duration. The effective combination of regional noncontact testing and high-precision point contact can dynamically and accurately capture the rock deformation and damage characteristics at the specimen scale. In addition, the combined monitoring method of 3D-DIC and fiber grating can provide assistance in the prediction of rock crack expansion and potential fracture surfaces.
A prospective, longitudinal, case-control study protocol to evaluate the neurodevelopment of children from birth to adolescence exposed to COVID-19 in utero
Authors: Hill Rachel , Malhotra Atul , Sackett Vathana , Williams Katrina , Fahey Michael , Palmer Kirsten R , Hunt Rod , Darke Hayley , Lim Izaak , Newman-Morris Vesna , Cheong Jeanie LY , Whitehead Clare , Said Joanne , Bignardi Paulo , Muraguchi Evelin , Fernandes Luiz Carlos C , Oliveira Carlos , Sundram Suresh
Published: August 2022

Background: The COVID 19 pandemic has created unprecedented acute global health challenges. However, it also presents a set of unquantified and poorly understood risks in the medium to long term, specifically, risks to children whose mothers were infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus during pregnancy. Methods: We have designed a prospective, case-controlled study to investigate the long-term impacts of SARS-CoV2 exposure on children exposed in utero. Women infected with SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy will be recruited from Monash Health, the Royal Women’s Hospital and Western Health (Melbourne, Australia) and Londrina Municipal Maternity Hospital Lucilla Ballalai and PUCPR Medical Clinical (Londrina, Brazil). A control group in a 2:1 ratio (2 non-exposed: 1 exposed mother infant dyad) comprising women who gave birth in the same month of delivery, are of similar age but did not contract SARS-CoV-2 during their pregnancy will also be recruited. We aim to recruit 150 exposed and 300 non-exposed mother-infant dyads. Clinical and socio-demographic data will be collected directly from the mother and medical records. Biospecimens and clinical and epidemiological data will be collected from the mothers and offspring at multiple time points from birth through to 15 years of age using standardised sample collection, and neurological and behavioural measures. Discussion: The mapped neurodevelopmental trajectories and comparisons between SARS-CoV2 exposed and control children will indicate the potential for an increase in atypical neurodevelopment. This has significant implications for strategic planning in the mental health and paediatrics sectors and long-term monitoring of children globally.
CRISPR/Cas12a-based assay for the rapid and high-sensitivity detection of Streptococcus agalactiae colonization in pregnant women with premature rupture of membrane
Authors: yu Donghong , Liang Bin , Xu Haipo , Chen Lu , Ye Zhoujie , Wu Zhihui , Wang Xinrui
Published: August 2022

Background
Streptococcus agalactiae or group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading infectious cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. It is essential to establish a robust method for the rapid and ultra-sensitive detection of GBS in pregnant women with premature rupture of membrane (PROM).
Methods
This study developed a CRISPR-GBS assay that combined the advantages of the recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and CRISPR/Cas12a system for GBS detection. The clinical performance of the CRISPR-GBS assay was assessed using vaginal or cervical swabs that were collected from 179 pregnant women with PROM, compared in parallel to culture-based matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (culture-MS) method and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay.
Results
The CRISPR-GBS assay can be completed within 35 minutes and the limit of detection was as low as 5 copies µL− 1. Compared with the culture-MS, the CRISPR-GBS assay demonstrated a sensitivity of 96.64% (144/149, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 92.39–98.56%) and a specificity of 100% (30/30, 95% CI = 88.65–100%). It also had a high concordance rate of 98.88% with the qPCR assay.
Conclusions
The established CRISPR-GBS platform can detect GBS in a rapid, accurate, easy-to-operate, and cost-efficient manner. It offered a promising tool for the intrapartum screening of GBS colonization.
The impact of crisis and COVID 19 on Syrian children growth, health awareness and nutritional practices. A cross-sectional study
Authors: HARPHOUSH SEBA , Shahood Bashar , Harphoush Ihab , Li Zhong
Published: August 2022

Background:Despite the great steadfastness that Syria has achieved in the face of more than a decade of stifling crisis followed by the global COVID-19 pandemic, the heavy impacts of these long rough years are certain and crucial on the health and nutrition levels, specially on vulnerable groups like women and children. Moreover, the lack of research and data on health and nutritional status of children within Syria makes it very difficult to draw conclusions and act effectively.the purpose of the current study was to evaluate growth development and give an insight about the public health awareness and nutritional practices among Syrian primary schools children.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among private and public primary schools students aged 6 to 9 years old in Homs governorate in January to April 2021, anthropometric measures were taken and data assessment of nutritional practices and health awareness was done by conducting two surveys answered by parents and students.Results:We defined the prevalence of obesity (5.3%, 8.2%), severely wasted (5.2%, 3.9%) and stunting (15.7%, 7.8%) for public and private schools respectively with a significant higher stunting prevalence among public schools student. Differences in nutritional practices and health awareness were recorded between public and private schools students under socioeconomic impact.Conclusions:This study contributes to evaluate the burden of crisis and COVID-19 pandemic on Syrian children growth and health practices in Syria. Improving health awareness and nutritional support among Syrian families to help children meet their growth needs is recommended. Moreover, additional research should be conducted to evaluate micro-nutrients deficiencies and provide appropriate medical support effectively.
High Resolution Cryo-TEM Structure of Fiber-like Micelles with a Crystalline Core
Authors: Tian Jia , Xie Songhai , Borucu Ufuk , Lei Shixing , Zhang Yifan , Manners Ian
Published: August 2022

Seeded growth of crystallizable block copolymers and π-stacking molecular amphiphiles in solution using the living crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) method is attracting growing interest as a route to uniform 1D and 2D core–shell micellar nanoparticles of controlled size with a range of potential applications. Although experimental evidence indicates that the process proceeds via an epitaxial growth mechanism and that the resulting crystalline core is highly ordered, direct observation of the crystal lattice has not been successful. Herein we report the results of high-resolution cryo-TEM studies that permit direct observation of both the solvated corona chains and the crystalline core from studies of frozen solution of nanofiber micelles prepared by living CDSA. Together with complementary characterization data, this provides key insight into the structure of the corona and the detailed arrangement of the polymer chains in the crystalline micellar nanofiber core.
Modelling the electricity generation dynamics of Ghana. A Structural VAR Approach
Authors: Atuahene Sampson Agyapong , Alemzero David
Published: August 2022

This study estimates endogenous parameters to ascertain the dynamics in the electricity generation sector in Ghana. An unrestricted VAR model is utilized to examine the empirical ramifications of the Ghanaian electricity energy sector and power consumption. The data period ranges between 2002 02021. Precisely, the results detected structural long run and short run headwinds to the unrestricted models. The findings depict that the reactions of GDP growth rate and electricity from fossil fuels react directly to headwinds based on their correlation. Also, there is feedback relationship between GDP growth rate rand electricity from fossil fuel sources since they are significant, from the granger causality analysis. Furthermore, the impulse function depicts GDP growth rate reacts to exogenous headwinds and the impacts are enduring to an extended period. Furthermore, the Variance decomposition results backed this analysis via having renewable energy without hydropower explaining less than 1% variance due to shocks and total global greenhouse emissions further explains about 85% variance due to headwinds in the time period. Electricity from fossil fuels sources explains more than 100% of the variance owing to headwinds hitting the system. Implying the nation’s overreliance on conventional energy source. Installed renewable energy will grow to over 2500MW by 2036, growing at 57.8% %.Ultimately, this calls for a rapid transformation of energy landscape in the country to a sustainable pathway. This will inform policy discourses regarding diversifying Ghana’s energy mix.
A Self-Monitoring Wellbeing Screening Methodology for Keyworkers, ‘My Personal Wellbeing’, using an Integrative Wellbeing Model
Authors: Elvin Garry , Kurt Zeyneb , Kennedy Angela , Sice Petia , Walton Lee , Patel Paras
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThe detrimental impact of Covid-19 has led to an urgent need to support the wellbeing of UK National Health Service and care workers. This research develop an online diary to support the wellbeing of staff in public healthcare in real-time, allowing the exploration of population wellbeing and pro-active responses to issues identified. MethodsThe diary was co-produced by NHS and care stakeholders and university researchers. It was based on an integrative model of mental health and wellbeing. Diary users were encouraged to reflect on their experience confidentially, empowering them to monitor their wellbeing. The data collected was analysed using Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests to determine any significant wellbeing trends and issues. ResultsA statistically significant decline in wellbeing (P<2.2E-16), and a significant increase in symptoms (P=1.2E-14) was observed. For example, indicators of post-traumatic stress, including, flashbacks, dissociation, and bodily symptoms (Kruskal-Wallis P=0.00081, 0.0083, and 0.027, respectively) became significantly worse and users reported issues with sleeping (51%), levels of alertness (46%), and burnout (41%). ConclusionsThe wellbeing diary demonstrated the value of population-based wellbeing data driven by an integrative model of wellbeing. It successfully demonstrated the capability to distinguish trends and wellbeing problems. Thus, informing how staff wellbeing services can determine and respond to need with timely interventions. The results particularly emphasised the pressing need for interventions that help staff with burnout, self-compassion, and flashbacks.
Assessment of Farming Households’ Adaptation Strategies to Herders' attacks in Nigeria.
Authors: Samuel Sharon Damilola , Bamigboye Oluwaseun Tosin
Published: August 2022

The study investigated adaptation strategies employed by farming households to herders’ attacks in Southwest Nigeria. Fifty farming households were selected through a multi-staged sampling technique. Data were gathered through interview schedules, described with percentages and mean; and presented in tables and figures. Chi-square test of independence was used to check for statistical significance between dependent and independent variables. Results revealed that the mean age of the respondents was 41 years. Seventy six percent of sampled farming households often witnessed attacks by Fulani herdsmen. These incessant attacks majorly affected the health and economic assets of the respondents. There were less extension visits in communities affected by insecurity. Of the adaptation strategies, majority of the farming households erect high gates and fences to prevent further attacks. Based on the result from the Chi-square test, selected socio-economic characteristics of farmers had a positive influence on adaptation strategies used. It is therefore recommended that extension agents need to intensify the use of social media since physical contact seems challenging in the face of insecurity. There is the need to enact laws and regulations that strengthen community security and define boundaries of herders and farmers. Government and private organizations should set up and equip local security outfits in rural areas to stop frequent attacks by herdsmen.
Crocetin antagonizes parthanatos in ischemic stroke via inhibiting NOX2 and preserving mitochondrial hexokinase-I
Authors: Wu Hao , Li Ying , Zhang Qian , Wang Hanxun , Xiu Wenyu , xu Pu , Deng Yujing , Huang Wanxu , Wang Dan Ohtan
Published: August 2022

Parthanatos is one of the major types of programmed cell death in ischemic stroke characterized by DNA damage, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP) activation, and poly (ADP-ribose) (PAR) formation. Here we demonstrate that crocetin, a natural potent antioxidant compound from Crocus sativus, antagonizes parthanatos in ischemic stroke. We reveal that mechanistically, crocetin inhibits NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) activation to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and PAR production at the early stage of parthanatos. Meanwhile we demonstrate that PARylated hexokinase-I (HK-I) is a novel substrate of E3 ligase RNF146 and that crocetin interact with HK-I to suppresses RNF146-mediated HK-I degradation at the late stage of parthanatos, preventing mitochondrial dysfunction and DNA damage that ultimately triggers the irreversible cell death. Our study supports further development of crocetin as a potential drug candidate for preventing and/or treating ischemic stroke.
Fabrication and performance analysis of graphene oxide-based composite membrane to separate microplastics from synthetic wastewater
Authors: Dey Thuhin K. , Jamal Mamun , Uddin Md. Elias
Published: August 2022

The pervasiveness of microplastics (MPs) are jeopardizing the entire environment and need to be eradicated immediately. With such an aim, this study is highlighting the fabrication of graphene oxide (GO) - polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based composite membrane to separate high-density polyethylene (HDPE)-based MPs from water. Here, the GO layers were stabled through the bonding with PVA by using glutaraldehyde followed by the deposition on cellulose membrane via vacuum filtration. The bonding between GO and PVA via acetalization was confirmed by FTIR while surface morphology of composite membrane was analyzed by SEM. However, during experimentation, further analysis with contact angle and zeta potential measurements were carried out to confirm the hydrophilicity and negative surface charge of membrane respectively. To control membrane thickness, optimum volume of GO-PVA composite solution was used to achieve high water flux as well as high rejection of MPs. Regarding the evaluation of membrane performance, dead-end filtration system was considered. Particularly, at pH 8, with 3.5 bar of transmembrane pressure, and 15s time duration 95% HDPE rejection was noticed while the highest permeability of fabricated membrane was 179 L m− 2 h− 1 bar − 1. The mechanisms for MP removal were electrostatic repulsion between membrane surface and MPs along with sieving capacity. So, these finding are highlighting the promising approaches of GO-based composite membrane to separate HDPE-based MPs from wastewater.
An Analysis of the Effect of Teacher's Behavior on Mathematics Anxiety and The Role of Intervention Programs
Authors: Xin Su , GUO ZHIMING
Published: August 2022

Mathematics anxiety can lead to damaging impacts on the students, such as a decline in self-esteem as well as poor mathematics achievement. It is crucial for the teachers to address the mathematics anxiety during the middle school years. The purpose of this study was to analyze teachers' behavior on mathematics anxiety and the role of intervention programs. A survey was conducted with purposively selected 50 students belonging to the different schools in the United States. In addition, interview we performed with the selected teachers. The Data from the survey was entered in a computerized system and was analysed by SPSS (the statistical package of the social sciences) version 21. On the other hand, thematic analysis technique was applied to analyse the data from the interview. The findings of the study suggested that the behaviour of the teachers has a noteworthy role in alleviating or diminishing mathematics anxiety among the students. In addition, the teachers can implement various intervention strategies to minimize mathematics anxiety. More research should be conducted on the differences between the factor structures of math anxiety based on gender.
The impact of mode of delivery on parent-infant-bonding and the mediating role of birth experience: A comparison of mothers and fathers within the longitudinal cohort study DREAM
Authors: Döblin Svenja , Seefeld Lara , Weise Victoria , Kopp Marie , Knappe Susanne , Asselmann Eva , Martini Julia , Garthus-Niegel Susan
Published: August 2022

Background
The association between mode of delivery (MOD) and parent-infant-bonding has only been studied in mothers and findings have been inconclusive. The aim of this study was to prospectively investigate how MOD relates to postpartum parent-infant-bonding in both mothers and fathers and whether these associations are mediated by birth experience.
Methods
This study is part of the prospective cohort study “Dresden Study on Parenting, Work, and Mental Health” (DREAM). Our sample comprised N = 1,780 participants who completed quantitative questionnaires during pregnancy as well as 8 weeks and 14 months postpartum. MOD was dummy coded, contrasting spontaneous vaginal delivery against vaginal delivery induced by drugs, operative vaginal delivery, planned, and unplanned cesarean section. Parent-infant bonding and birth experience were assessed using validated scales. A moderated mediation analysis based on ordinary least square (OLS) regression and bootstrapped estimates was conducted, considering relevant confounding variables.
Results
Compared to spontaneous vaginal delivery, all categories of MOD predicted more negative birth experiences in both parents. A more positive birth experience predicted stronger parent-infant-bonding at 8 weeks, but not at 14 months postpartum. Mothers who delivered via cesarean section (planned or unplanned) reported stronger parent-infant-bonding at 8 weeks and 14 months postpartum. In fathers, only unplanned cesarean section was associated with stronger parent-infant-bonding at 8 weeks postpartum. At 8 weeks postpartum, birth experience mediated the association between a vaginal delivery induced by drugs and a planned cesarean section and mother-infant-bonding and between a vaginal delivery induced by drugs, an operative vaginal delivery, and planned cesarean section and father-infant-bonding. At 14 months postpartum, birth experience mediated the association between a vaginal delivery induced by drugs, operative vaginal delivery, and planned cesarean section and parent-infant-bonding in both parents.
Conclusions
The results emphasize the importance of the birth experience for parent-infant-bonding in both mothers and fathers. Further research should address the mechanisms by which parents with an unplanned cesarean section establish stronger parent-infant-bonding compared to parents whose baby was delivered via spontaneous vaginal delivery, despite their overall more negative birth experiences.
Clinical features and relapse risks factors of immunoglobulin G4–related disease: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Xinhe , Zeng Zilu , Tian Haoyu , Wang Ningning , Wang Ying , Tong Jing , Chang Bing , Jin Xiuli , Huang Die , Wang Yanmeng , Cui Huipeng , Guan Lin , Li Yiling
Published: August 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to observe the demographic and clinical characteristics of immunoglobulin (Ig) G4–related disease (IgG4-RD). We aimed to compare different treatment methods and to identify the risk factors for non-response and relapse after treatment.Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 201 IgG4-RD patients initially diagnosed and treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from January 2016 to December 2020. Patients’ sex, age, clinical manifestations, baseline biochemical values, the number of organs involved, and the type of organ involvement were recorded. All patients received glucocorticoid (GC) monotherapy or GC + immunosuppressant combination therapy. The serum IgG4 concentration as well as the details of clinical response, relapse, and side effects were recorded at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment.Results: The incidence of IgG4-RD was primarily centered in the age group of 50–70 years old, and the proportion of affected male patients increased with age. The most common clinical symptom was swollen glands or eyes (42.79%). The rates of single- and double-organ involvement were 34.83% and 46.27%, respectively. The pancreas (45.77%) was the most frequently involved organ in cases of single-organ involvement, and the pancreas and biliary tract (45.12%) was the most common organ combination in cases of double-organ involvement. Correlation analysis showed that the number of organs involved was positively related to the serum IgG4 concentration (r = 0.161). The effective rate of GC monotherapy was 91.82%, the recurrence rate was 31.46%, and the incidence of adverse reactions was 36.77%. Meanwhile, the effective rate of GC + immunosuppressant combination therapy was 88.52%, the recurrence rate was 19.61%, and the adverse reaction rate was 41.00%. There were no statistically significant differences in response, recurrence, and adverse reactions. The overall response rate within 12 months was 90.64%. Age (<50 years old) and aorta involvement were significantly associated with non-response. The overall recurrence rate within 12 months was 26.90%. Age (<50 years old), low serum C4 concentration, a high number of involved organs, and lymph node involvement were significantly associated with recurrence.Conclusion: The clinical features vary among different age groups and according to gender. The number of organs involved in IgG4-RD is related to the serum IgG4 concentration. Age (<50 years old), low serum C4 concentration, a high number of involved organs, and lymph node involvement are risk factors for recurrence.
Technique and clinical results of a new intramedullary support nail and plate system for fixation of 3- or 4- part proximal humeral fractures in older adults
Authors: Bai Xuedong , Zhu Zhengguo , Chang Zuhao , Sun Lijun , Tang Peifu , Chen Hua
Published: August 2022

Background: Internal fixation of complex proximal humeral fractures (PHF) with osteoporosis is associated with a high incidence of complications. This study introduces the technique and clinical results of a novel intramedullary support nail and plate system (ISNPs) for the internal fixation of 3- or 4- part PHF in older adults. The ISNPs combines the concept of intramedullary support and dynamic fixation into a locking plate fixation system that can be applied using a minimally invasive surgical approach.Methods: A total of 46 consecutive patients diagnosed with 3- or 4-part PHF that met the criteria were included in this study, including 18 in the ISNPs group and 28 in the conventional locking plate (LP) group. Clinical results, including operative time, intraoperative bleeding, reduction quality, subjective outcome ratings, and complications, were compared between the two groups. Functional outcomes were evaluated using the Constant score and disability of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) questionnaire at 1-year follow-up.Results: There were no significant differences in age, sex, local bone quality, Neer-fracture type, and follow-up time between the ISNPs and LP groups. For clinical analysis, there were no significant differences in intraoperative bleeding and operation time between the ISNPs and LP groups. Significant differences were observed in the percentage of the malreduced cases, Constant and DASH score analysis, and “excellent” and “good” ratings between the two groups. Conclusion: The ISNPs technique proposed in this study provides a novel hybrid internal fixation model for complex PHF with osteoporosis. The clinical results at 1-year follow-up confirmed the advantage of applying it to 3- or 4- part PHF in older patients. Further studies are required to optimize its design and explore its optimal indications.
Synergistic effect of combined treatment with allicin and antioxidants of bamboo leaves and preservation of bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeiana) during refrigeration storage
Authors: DU Jintao , LAN Weiqing , ZHU Shengyun , XU Xiao , XIE Jing
Published: August 2022

The effects of allicin (All) and antioxidant of bamboo leave (AOB) on the quality of bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeiana) during refrigerated storage were investigated. The results demonstrated that the treatment of All and AOB could reduce the decline of moisture loss and maintain the water-holding capacity (WHC). In addition, combination treatment inhibited the increase of total viable counts (TVC), exhibited good antibacterial activity, delayed the decrease of amino acid content and retarded the sensory deterioration. The reduction of thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) indicated that allicin combined with antioxidant of bamboo leave (AA) could restrain the degradation of protein and lipid oxidation. As a consequence, AA treatment prolonged the shelf-life of bullfrogs for another 6 days. Allicin combined with antioxidant of bamboo leave treatment could be an effective approach to extend the shelf-life and delay the biochemical reaction of refrigerated bullfrog.
Assessment of different experimental setups to determine viral filtration efficiency of face masks
Authors: Filipić Arijana , Fric Katja , Ravnikar Maja , Kogovšek Polona
Published: August 2022

As a result of the pandemic COVID -19 many new materials and masks came on the market. To determine their suitability, several standards specify which properties to test, including bacterial filtration efficiency (BFE), while none describe how to determine viral filtration efficiency (VFE), a property that is particularly important in times of pandemic. Therefore, we focused our research on evaluating the suitability and efficiency of different systems for determining VFE. Here, we evaluated the VFE of 6 mask types (e.g., a surgical mask, a respirator, material for mask production and cloth masks) with different filtration efficiencies in four experimental setups and compared the results with BFE results. The study included 17 BFE and 22 VFE experiments with 73 and 81 mask samples tested, respectively, making it one of the most comprehensive studies in the field. We have shown that the masks tested had high VFE (>99% for surgical masks and respirators, ≥98% for a material and 87-97% for cloth masks) and that all experimental setups provided highly reproducible and reliable VFE results (coefficient of variation < 6%). Therefore, the VFE tests described in this study can be integrated into existing standards for mask testing.
Pilot-scale production of highly durable bioactive and UV-protective cotton fabric by electroless deposition of copper on cotton fabric
Authors: Nosheen Anum , Khalid Madiha , Manzoor Sobia , Ashraf Munir , Xue Zhebin , Khan Daniyal Sajid , Urooj Sidra , Hashmi Asraf Hussain
Published: August 2022

Surface metallization of textiles through electroless deposition to develop multifunctional textiles has become an active area of research lately. However, little attention has been paid on the development of durable bioactive textiles as well as the scalability of electroless deposition process. In the current study, the pilot-scale production of highly durable bioactive textiles through electroless deposition of copper on cotton fabric has been achieved. For this, the surface of cotton fabric was first sensitized with stannous chloride (SnCl2) followed by activation with silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution. Then, the electroless deposition of copper was achieved on sensitized and activated cotton fabric. FTIR, SEM, EDS, and ICP-OES spectroscopic techniques were employed to validate the successful development of electroless plated copper fabric. The antimicrobial potential of developed fabric (before and after 30 industrial washes) towards bacteria (S. aureus and E. coli), virus (dengue virus) and fungi (A. Niger) was also evaluated. The prepared samples exhibited remarkable antimicrobial potential with excellent washing durability. The antimicrobial activity was retained with the same effectiveness even after 30 industrial washings (more than 100 home launderings). Moreover, the developed samples showed excellent protection against harmful UV-radiations i.e., + 50 UPF. The current research has established a facile, cost-effective, non-toxic, and scalable process for the production of exceptionally durable bioactive textiles and it can be easily implemented at industrial scale.
Factors Associated with The Speed and Scope of Diffusion of COVID-19 Therapeutics in a Nationwide Healthcare Setting: A Mixed Methods Investigation
Authors: La Jennifer , Fillmore Nathan , Do Nhan , Brophy Mary , Monach Paul , Branch-Elliman Westyn
Published: August 2022

Limited empiric data are available regarding factors associated with rapid dissemination and diffusion in healthcare. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with the speed and scope of uptake of novel COVID-19 therapeutics. Adoption of first-in-class therapeutics occurred rapidly and was sustained, after press releases, coverage by traditional and social media outlets, and pre-prints, and prior to peer-reviewed publication and guideline updates. High-quality evidence generated and published during later periods in the pandemic had a slower rise and lower peak uptake, indicating practice change is harder after a clinical niche is perceived to be filled. The Speed and Scope of Diffusion Matrix created and presented could be tested and applied in other settings to predict the speed and spread of novel therapeutics.