bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk of Parkinson’s disease in people aged ≥50 years with new-onset anxiety: a retrospective cohort study in UK primary care
Authors: Bazo-Alvarez Juan Carlos , Nimmons Danielle , Walters Kate , Petersen Irene , Schrag Anette
Published: March 2024

Background

A history of anxiety is more common in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD). The prospective risk of PD in those newly presenting with anxiety and factors that increase the risk of PD in patients with anxiety have not been investigated.

Aim

To investigate the incidence of PD in people with anxiety aged ≥50 years and clinical features associated with later diagnosis of PD in people with anxiety.

Design and setting

A retrospective cohort study using UK primary care data between 2008 and 2018, assessing patients with new-onset anxiety aged ≥50 years.

Method

Weibull survival regression models were fitted and hazard ratios (HRs) for modelling time-to-PD was estimated in those with and without anxiety, and when determining the risk of developing PD in those with anxiety. Results were adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, and relevant physical and mental health conditions.

Results

The risk of PD increased two-fold compared with the non-anxiety group after adjustment for age, sex, social deprivation, lifestyle factors, severe mental illness, head trauma, and dementia (HR 2.1, 95% confidence interval = 1.9 to 2.4). In those with anxiety, the presence of depression, hypotension, tremor, rigidity, balance impairment, constipation, sleep disturbance, fatigue, and cognitive impairment were associated with an increased risk of developing PD.

Conclusion

The risk of developing PD was at least doubled in people with anxiety compared with those without. The clinical features of those who developed PD can help identify patients presenting with anxiety who are in the prodromal phase of PD.
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE ORGANIZATION’S SOCIAL POLICY DIAGNOSTICS
Authors:   Biysk Institute of Technology (branch) of the Polzunov Altai State Technical University, Biysk, Russia, Milyaeva L.G.
Published: March 2024

The relevance of the issues included in the title of the article is due to a complex of interrelated circumstances: on the one hand, the ambiguity of interpretations of the definition of “social policy of an organization” (SPO) and, in fact, the lack of methodological tools designed to diagnose its key parameters, and, on the other hand, the increasing importance of the SPO in creating social attractiveness and increasing the competitiveness of business entities. The noted circumstances determined the main working hypothesis of the study: the lack of methodological tools for diagnosing the social policy of an organization is due to the apparent diversification of interpretations of the SPO. The purpose of the study is to develop methodological tools for diagnosing the social policy of an organization that is adequate to the refined conceptual apparatus. As the main method of study, an essential-content analysis was used, with the help of which two complementary approaches (essentially-specific and situational-aspectual) to the interpretation of the social policy of the organization were identified, and its definition was proposed, corresponding to the dynamically changing priorities of the social-economic sphere. As a result of the study, a methodological toolkit for diagnosing the parameters of an organization’s social policy was developed (presented and comprehensively described in this article), consisting of 3 effective methods - diagnosing the type of SPO (including the development of the SPO Questionnaire and the SPO ID); assessment of the level of development of the organization’s social policy and rating assessment of the SPO success, allowing de facto confirmation of the status of “socially oriented organization”.
EXTERNAL EFFECTS IN THE SOCIAL AND LABOR SPHERE
Authors:   Lugansk State University name dafter V. Dahl, Lugansk, LPR, Russia, Mortikov V.V.
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the study is to determine the most significant external effects or so-called externalities in the social and labor sphere and to assess the directions of the market and institutional response to them in Russia. The object of the study is external effects that find their expression in social and labor relations. The research methods are analysis and synthesis, induction, and deduction. Based on materials from current publications, the legislation of the Russian Federation describes the most significant external effects on social and labor relations. Among the research results are the identification of the most significant externalities manifested in the social and labor sphere, their subjects, sphere of manifestation, and mechanisms of distribution. The study concludes the advisability of responding to external effects in the social and labor sphere on the part of the state and individual organizations. A scheme for the organization's response to externalities is proposed, taking into account the expediency of such a response and the use of adequate tools for this.
L’État dans le contentieux de l’investissement : identification, représentation, transformation
Authors: Bastid Burdeau Geneviève
Published: March 2024

In international investment arbitration practice highlights the complex factual situation of states beyond their legal personality. This kind of arbitration was encouraged as a mean to avoid the heaviness of diplomatic protection in a view to depoliticising economic disputes. However, it can be observed in the recent evolution of this kind of arbitration that through different aspects the political implication of states is not absent and appears with the enhanced attention paid to the drafting and interpretation of treaties as well as with the impact on investment disputes of political evolutions and events affecting the legal situation of the defending state.
Des drones et des tweets : l’affaire de la frappe américaine ayant visé le général iranien Qassem Soleimani le 3 janvier 2020
Authors: Trigeaud Laurent
Published: March 2024

L’affaire Soleimani est riche d’enseignements, tant pour la compréhension des règles internationales relatives au recours à la force (jus ad bellum) que pour celles relatives à la conduite des hostilités (in bello). D’une certaine manière, elle forme la synthèse des problèmes contemporains éprouvés en ces matières par la pratique internationale : la légitime défense peut-elle être préventive ? Peut-elle réagir à des attaques de basse intensité ? Peut-elle viser individuellement un haut responsable militaire ? Peut-elle s’exercer contre un État agresseur mais sur le territoire d’un État tiers ? L’opération militaire provoquera-t-elle un conflit armé international avec ce dernier ?
“KAHRAMANIN DOĞUŞU” MİTLERİ KAPSAMINDA KANEŠ KRALİÇESİNİN OTUZ PRENSİ (Zalpa Öyküsündeki Terk Edilmiş Bebek Motifi)
Authors: CENGIZ Tülın
Published: March 2024

Terk edilmiş bebek, Antik Hindistan'ın Mahabharata Destanından, Yunan mitolojisinin Oedipus'una; antik coğrafyanın büyük kralları Pers Kralı Kyros, Roma Kralı Romulus, İyonya Kralı İyon, Akkad Kralı Sargon, İran Kralı Feridun ve Turan Kralı Efrasiyab’in doğum öykülerinden; yarı tanrı Gılgamış ve Herkül’ün hikayesine, Tanrıça Kibele ve Semiramis’ten Tanrı Poseidon'un ikiz çocukları Aeolus ve Boeotus’a, dünya mitolojisinin ortak motiflerinden biridir. Efsanelere konu olan bebekler kimi zaman bir sepet/sandıkla bırakıldıkları nehirde sürüklenerek karaya vurur ya da bir dağın yamacında terk edilir. Bir süre vahşi hayvanlar tarafından beslenerek hayatta kalır. Genellikle onları bularak büyüten kişi, bir çobandır. Bu çocukların anneleri soylu ve bakire kadınlar/rahibelerdir. Bebekler büyüdükten sonra kendi köklerine, ait oldukları kültürel habitata doğru yolculuğa çıkar. Sonunda, hakları olan ve kendilerinden esirgenen (ki bu genellikle bir krallıktır) geri alır. Bu bebekler bir ülkenin, kavmin kurucu kralları, kahramanlarıdır. Onların mitik yaşam öyküleri kahramanın doğuşu miti kapsamında değerlendirilir.

İçindeki motifler ve olay örgüsündeki akıştan hareketle, kahramanın doğuşu mitleri ile aynı kategoride bulunması gereken bir efsane de Hitit edebiyatına aittir. "Kaneš Kraliçesinin Otuz Oğlu ve Kızı " olarak bilinen bu efsane, Zalpa Öyküsü (CTH 3.1) adı verilen bir metnin giriş bölümünü (mitolojik bölüm) oluşturur. Metnin geri kalanı, Zalpa şehrinin yıkılışı (tarihi bölüm) üzerinedir. Mitolojik bölümde geçen terk edilmiş bebek motifinin dünya çapındaki paralellerinden farkı, kraliçenin bir batında doğurduğu ve nehre terk ettiği bebeklerin sayısının otuz olmasıdır (çoğul doğum). Metnin mitolojik girişi ve tarihsel bölümünün birbirinden farklı olması, konu ile ilgilenen araştırmacıları iki ayrı metin ile karşı karşıya olup olmadıkları sorusu ile karşı karşıya getirmiştir. İki metin arasındaki farklılığın temel nedeni kurgusal olaylardan gerçek olaylara geçişten kaynaklanan boşluktur. Kaneš kraliçesinin otuz prensinin hikâyesi kahramanın doğuşu mitleri kapsamında ele alındığında söz konusu boşluk anlam kazanmaktadır ki bu da çalışmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır.
YUANSHİ (YUAN TARİHİ)’DEKİ TUOTUO (TOKTOĞA) BİYOGRAFİSİ HAKKINDA
Authors: UYAR Mustafa , LIN Shan-ju
Published: March 2024

Makale, Moğolların Çin’de hüküm süren Yuan Hanedanlığı (1271-1368) döneminde hem bürokrasi hem de askerî teşkilat içinde önemli görevlerde bulunmuş Merkit asıllı devlet adamı Toktoğa’nın Yuanshi (Yuan Tarihi)’ye yansıyan hayat hikayesini ve bu biyografiye dair verilerin incelenmesini, ardından detaylı biçimde değerlendirmesini içermektedir. Moğol Toktoğa’nın hükümdara hizmetleri; hükümdara karşı konumu; yine devlet içinde görevli akrabaları; bu akrabalarıyla olan ilişkileri ve rekabeti; devleti çöküşe sürükleyen isyanlar karışında gösterdiği başarıları; izlediği önemli politikalar ve sonuçları; görevinden azli ve sürgün edilmesi; öldürülmesi ve sonrasında vuku bulan hadiseler hakkında bilgiler, makalenin kapsamı arasındadır.

Çalışma, biyografisini ele aldığı bu önemli şahsın faaliyetlerini aktarırken, onun ifa ettiği görevlerin isimleri, işlevleri ve mahiyetleri hakkında da bilgi vermektedir. Toktoğa’nın hayat hikayesinin anlatıldığı satırların arasındaki verilerin işlenmesi, açıklanması ve değerlendirilmesi, makalenin başlıca hedefi niteliğindedir. Bu anlamda çalışma, Çin’in Moğol hakimiyeti altındaki bu dönemi hakkında bilgi sunması yanında sosyo-kültürel, ekonomik tarihi ve dönemin idari yapısı, kurumların işleyişi bakımından da önemli bilgileri haizdir.
الحماية الجزائية للقاصرين من الناحية الاجتماعية
Authors: درويش كولجين , داود صباح
Published: March 2024

يعد القَصّر الفئة التي لا تستطيع ولا تملك حماية نفسها أو الحصول على حقوقها،  ومن هنا كان لابد من حمايتها ورعايتها وتستند رعاية القصَّر في شكلها الطبيعي الى رعايته داخل اسرته ومجتمعه بشكل عام الذي ينشأ فيه ويتفاعل مع اعضائه ومن هنا نجد المشرع الجنائي قد عاقب على الافعال التي تنال من الموضع الاجتماعي للقاصر،  ولغرض بيان الحماية الجزائية الموضوعية للقاصر من الناحية الاجتماعية،  قمنا بتقسيم هذا المبحث الى مبحثين خصصنا المطلب الاول للجرائم المتعلقة بالبنوة ورعاية القاصرين وحمايتهم من الخطر،  اما المبحث الثاني فتناولنا فيه حماية القاصرين من التشرد.
Regresando con los que quieren irse: interacción de los comentarios en el video de YouTube “떠나려 하는 모든 이에게” (A todos los que quieren irse)
Authors: Park Hyunjin
Published: March 2024

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la interacción de los comentarios en el video “떠나려 하는 모든 이에게” (A todos los que quieren irse) del canal “새던” (Sedawnn) en YouTube en el mes de abril del año 2021. Este video fue un caso de éxito de una comunidad virtual formada con el fin de consuelo en medio de los altos índices de suicidio y aislamiento social en Corea del Sur. Con una muestra deliberada de 253 comentarios, se aplicó una metodología cuantitativa utilizando las tres variantes de análisis de contenido para sacar los resultados: temática, semántica y de red. La interacción en este espacio es expresiva y positiva en su actitud, interpersonal e informal en su habla, y complementaria y funcional en su modo de relación. Esto abre la discusión sobre la plataforma YouTube como potencial espacio de consuelo, así como la contribución de las redes sociales digitales en la comunicación para la salud mental.
Formas de vida. De Wittgenstein a la semiótica: el perfil incierto de los actos del lenguaje
Authors: Mier Raymundo
Published: March 2024

El presente trabajo es una reflexión acerca del concepto de formas de vida en el contexto de la filosofía tardía de Wittgenstein, y de algunos de sus trabajos presupuestos e implicaciones para la comprensión del lenguaje. El análisis destaca la importancia de una concepción de juegos del lenguaje ajena a toda definición formal, así como el lugar crucial de la noción de acción como fundamento de la certeza. Asimismo, pone de relieve las inflexiones que surgen de la reflexión sobre el lenguaje a partir de los paralelismos entre los usos del lenguaje y los límites de la mirada. Finalmente, en el texto se busca destacar algunas concordancias y discordancias de la visión de Wittgenstein con ciertas propuestas teóricas, en particular de Fontanille y Zilberberg, que, tomando como punto de partida la noción wittgensteiniana de formas de vida, la elabora para integrarla en el marco general de la perspectiva semiótica.
El trazo de la escritura
Authors: Dorra Raúl
Published: March 2024

La relación entre la escritura y el espacio en que ésta se distribuye es de presuposición recíproca. Una no puede existir sin crear al otro. En este artículo se analizan tres formas graduales de esta relación. En la primera, que llamaríamos normal, la escritura preexiste a la página como materialidad y ésta se produce con el sólo fin de ser receptáculo de aquélla. En la segunda -ejemplificada por el hombre que se ve llevado a trazar un nombre sobre un muro- es el espacio lo que primero, y activamente, se propone ante el sujeto como una página en espera. En la tercera, es el ojo el que selecciona un objeto del mundo -una paloma en vuelo- para convertirlo en signo y por lo tanto el cielo se torna espacio de inscripción. Estas tres formas suponen un movimiento de lo lingüístico a lo simbólico.
Vino y voz: hacia una inter-estésica de las cualidades sensoriales
Authors: Parret Herman
Published: March 2024

El artículo precisa cómo se atribuye cualidad al nivel de dos registros sensoriales muy diferentes: lo gustativo y lo auditivo, la cualidad del vino y la cualidad de una voz. El propósito fue de esquivar algunas líneas de fuerza de una inter-estésica comparando estos dos tipos de apreciación estésica. Después de describir la sintaxis figurativa canónica de la degustación del vino (según Jean-François Bordron) y la calificación fenomenológica de la voz, el autor propone un ensayo incoactivo de homologación de estos dos tipos de calificación. Parece, así, que la temporalidad del gusto es altamente aspectualizada, mientras que el tiempo de la voz no lo es. Además la calidad del vino está construida en su linearidad mientras que la calidad de la voz lo es en su resonancia y profundidad. Por añadidura, si comparamos los dos tipos de presencia (del vino y de la voz), descubrimos tales diferencias que una homologación parece azarosa.
El español de la Argentina en contacto con lenguas indígenas: estrategias etnopragmáticas
Authors: Martínez Angelita
Published: March 2024

En este trabajo intentamos mostrar que las estrategias sintácticas se hallan pragmáticamente motivadas. Para ello, analizamos la variación entre la presencia y la ausencia del pronombre átono de tercera persona en rol de acusativo, que se observa en leyendas orales producidas por hablantes de español de la Argentina en contacto con lenguas indígenas. Nos enmarcamos dentro de los principios teóricos y metodológicos de la etnopragmática y apelamos al concepto de iconicidad en busca de una explicación que dé cuenta de la variación registrada.
Presentación
Authors: Catrina Imboden Rita
Published: March 2024

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La huella del cuerpo. Tecnociencia, máquinas y el cuerpo fragmentado
Authors: Díaz Cruz Rodrigo
Published: March 2024

A partir de la premisa de que el cuerpo no es, no puede ser, un dato indiscutible o incontrovertible, sino que es el efecto de diversas construcciones sociales y culturales, este trabajo indaga algunos temas asociados a la interrelación entre tecnociencia y cuerpo. En la primera parte del trabajo se busca sustentar aquella premisa a partir de una introducción a la antropología del cuerpo. Posteriormente se sugieren, respecto a la interrelación mencionada, diversas hipótesis. Con los avances de los saberes y prácticas médicas contemporáneas, el cuerpo se ha convertido en una entidad fragmentada y fragmentable. Los tejidos, los órganos y los genes son hoy mercancías en un mercado global. La genética y la inmunología han contribuido significativamente a la atomización del cuerpo. Una y otra han impuesto una hegemonía del gen: la vieja idea de que el cuerpo es la prisión del alma se ha desplazado, ahora los genes están contenidos en un cuerpo mortal e imperfecto. Simultáneamente, en el debate actual sobre el posthumanismo —según el cual no existen diferencias esenciales entre la existencia corporal y la simulación computacional, entre el mecanismo cibernético y el organismo biológico— se están configurando y consolidando dos metáforas: la naturaleza incorpórea de la información digital y la naturaleza desencarnada del proceder humano.
“Dos por medio y cuatro por un real, mirando que el tiempo está muy fatal”: el pregón en semiosis musical de Silvestre Revueltas
Authors: Kolb Roberto
Published: March 2024

La generación de artistas posrevolucionarios que incluía a Silvestre Revueltas enfrentaba un conflicto en la factura y comunicación de su arte: por un lado, seguir el impulso modernista que tendía hacia una suerte de emancipación de la materia artística y, por otro, encontrar el modo de plasmar en su arte un mensaje ideológico acorde con diversas expectativas sociales de la época. Este segundo propósito propendía a minar o incluso anular al primero, particularmente en el terreno de la música, que es simbólica y polisémica por naturaleza, y bastante inútil para articular contenidos ideológicos. Revueltas renuncia de antemano al segundo anhelo, incorporando a su música un paratexto verbal que publica en el programa de concierto, el cual se encarga, si bien de manera a veces muy sutil, de proporcionar el código necesario para una interpretación ideológica de la composición musical, y que conviene entender, por tanto, como parte del acto performativo. Este paratexto libera a Revueltas de la necesidad de recurrir a las estrategias “figurativas” de sus colegas para validar política y socialmente su arte, y que consisten en una reutilización protagónica de materiales convencionales, casi siempre citas más o menos literales extraídas de la música popular. En Esquinas, Revueltas parte de un material fuente que entiende políticamente significativo, el pregón callejero. Mediante un sofisticado ejercicio de transposición semiótica, abstrae del gesto pregón un gesto musical que devendrá en un discurso musical particularísimo, moderno y, no obstante, político.
El objeto desplazado (en la íntima, compartida memoria de Ingrid Geist)
Authors: Dorra Raúl
Published: March 2024

Este ensayo es un homenaje a la memoria de Ingrid Geist. Comienza con una evocación personal que describe los últimos tramos de una relación de amistad y de formación compartida con esta investigadora cuya tan promisoria actividad fue segada por la muerte en el momento en que ella alcanzaba su plena madurez. Después de una evocación personal, dicho homenaje toma la forma de un análisis del libro Liminaridad, tiempo y significación. Prácticas rituales en la Sierra Madre Occidental, publicado por la Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia en 2006. En este libro, cuyo objeto de estudio no es fácil de asir porque es una recusación de todo positivismo, Ingrid Geist ha desarrollado un gran esfuerzo por reunir un conjunto de disciplinas más o menos afines, disciplinas en cuyo conocimiento quiso profundizar (la fenomenología, la hermenéutica, la filosofía en sentido amplio, la semiótica peirciana) y otras en las que quiso incursionar (una sociología antropológica dedicada a observar las culturas marginales, la semiótica greimasiana, un teatro fuertemente performativo y, por lo mismo, orientado hacia lo que ha dado en llamarse el performance), de modo tal que gran parte de su investigación ha consistido en una exploración disciplinaria, lo cual ha hecho de su modo de mirar también una experiencia del avance inestable. La investigación está inspirada en los reveladores estudios de Victor Turner.
Vehículos de visión en la representación de lo sagrado
Authors: Báez-Rubí Linda
Published: March 2024

El presente ensayo tiene por objeto reconstruir la relación que se establece entre el individuo y la producción de imágenes dedicadas a “visualizar” los espacios de visión donde se lleva a cabo el encuentro de lo humano con lo sagrado. Como ejemplo se ha tomado la producción gráfica de la mística Santa Rosa de Lima (1586-1617), cuyos diagramas emblemáticos, datados a principios del siglo XVII, son un importante testimonio en el que se puede establecer el funcionamiento de una interdependencia entre la representación de imágenes interiores y su manifestación en imágenes exteriores. En este proceso psico-fisiológico interviene el cuerpo como medio, así como a su vez ciertos vehículos exteriores que fungen como extensiones corporales y que tienen el propósito de materializar físicamente las imágenes producidas en las visiones de la santa limeña.
Acerca de los autores
Authors: - -
Published: March 2024

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أوضاع التعليم الإسلامي في شمال القوقاز منذ ظهور الإسلام بالمنطقة إلى نهايات القرن التاسع عشر
Authors: Shkhanukov Anzor Mubin Safarbi , Addaghashi Ahmad Muhammad Husein
Published: March 2024

الأهداف: تهدف الدراسة إلى تقديم لمحة موجزة عن تاريخ التعليم الإسلامي في شمال القوقاز منذ القرون الأولى لتغلغل الإسلام في المنطقة إلى نهاية الحرب القوقازية، مع إبراز مبادئ التعليم الإسلامي، والكشف عن أوضاع المعلمين والمتعلمين والإدارة والمؤسسات التعليمية.
المنهجية: اقتضت طبيعة الدراسة الحالية استخدام المنهج التاريخي لجمع المعلومات والتأكد من صحتها وفقاً للقواعد المتبعة في الدراسات التاريخية اعتماداً على المصادر العلمية بمختلف أنواعها كتباً وأبحاثاً ودوريات وغيرها.
النتائج: خلصت الدراسة إلى أنه قد تشكّل في شمال القوقاز نظام تعليمي إسلامي متكامل وفق ظروف المرحلة وطبيعتها قوامه المكاتب والمدارس. كما تبيّن أن منطقة شمال القوقاز شاركت العالمَ الإسلاميَ في التزام المبادئ في نظامها التعليمي؛ وتميز النظام التعليمي ببعض الخصائص وفق ما أملته الظروف.
الخلاصة: توصي الدراسة كلّ من يمتّ بالصلة لقطاع التعليم الإسلامي في شمال القوقاز بالبناء على الجوانب الإيجابية في تجربة التعليم الإسلامي في شمال القوقاز في الفترة المذكورة وتلافي جوانب القصور والضعف، والسعي للجمع بين جوانب الأصالة والمعاصرة ضمن التطور الهائل في مجال التربية والتعليم.
Manejo endovascular de hemoptisis secundaria a pseudoaneurisma de la aorta torácica, mediante un abordaje proximal.
Authors: Vera Kortmann Allan , Vallejos Reyes Daniel , Sánchez Caro Gonzalo
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: Describir un caso clínico y una alternativa de manejo para el tratamiento de la hemoptisis secundaria a la patología aneurismática de la aorta torácica.Materiales y Métodos: Revisión de historia clínica del paciente y literatura científica disponible en metabuscadores.Resultados: Se presenta el caso de paciente masculino, 56 años, que cursó con cuadro de hemoptisis, posteriormente objetivado como secundario a un pseudoaneurisma de la aorta torácica. Entre sus antecedentes destaca, enfermedad aorto-ilíaca tratada mediante un bypass de aorta torácica. Se decidió la reparación endovascular, mediante un abordaje proximal, utilizando la arteria axilar.Discusión: Las indicaciones para el uso de la reparación  endovascular de la aorta torácica (TEVAR) se están expandiendo ampliamente, incluyendo a pacientes previamente intervenidos o aquellos que antiguamente se consideraban con un riesgo prohibitivamente alto para una cirugía. La fístula aorto-bronquial, es una complicación rara, sin embargo, existe correlación entre su desarrollo y la cirugía de aorta torácica.  La sospecha diagnóstica debe ser alta. El AngioTC, cumple un doble rol, siendo útil para el  diagnóstico, como para la planificación preoperatoria, hecho fundamental para lograr una terapia adecuada.
Juvenilização da EJA: possibilidades e desafios na escolarização
Authors: Talita Silva Miron Kerén , Royes Schardosim Chris
Published: March 2024

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de refletir sobre o fenômeno de juvenilização da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA). Nesse sentido, a compreensão dos dados fundamenta-se nos pressupostos da abordagem qualitativa, de caráter descritivo-reflexivo (CHIZZOTTI, 2011). Já a base metodológica foi a de revisão bibliográfica (SEVERINO, 2007; GIL, 2002). Para tanto, a partir de autores como Lódi (2019), Alcantara (2016), Jardilino e Araújo (2014), Groppo (2004) e Carrano (2000; 2007), compreendemos aspectos pontuais do conceito de “juventude”, bem como quem são os novos sujeitos que emergem desse fenômeno na EJA e os desafios e possibilidades dessa nova estruturação da modalidade apontados neste trabalho. As reflexões apontam que esse fenômeno tem resultado no crescimento do grupo cada vez mais jovem dentro da modalidade, que tinha como característica principal a presença predominante de adultos. Diante disso, os autores apresentados mostram que uma nova configuração da EJA é evocada para possibilitar a oferta de uma educação de qualidade aos participantes dessa modalidade, a fim de se alcançar o sucesso de se possibilitar que essa formação seja humanizadora e integral a essa multiplicidade de sujeitos que são atualmente estudantes da EJA. Por fim, destacamos este trabalho como possibilidade de instigar a realização de outros estudos na área.
EJA – EPT: a pandemia do COVID-19 e o agravamento da crise capitalista
Authors: Bernardes Winter Shirley , Severo Maraschin Mariglei
Published: March 2024

A crise capitalista se reestrutura continuamente, bem como o faz os meios de produção e de exploração de mão de obra; como exemplo, temos a inserção da tecnologia que supostamente atribui empreendedorismo ao trabalhador. A crise é acentuada quando ocorrem situações que desvelam a desigualdade social que nos cerca, como ocorre com a pandemia da COVID-19. Isso posto, nosso objetivo é contextualizar a influência da pandemia no contexto da Educação de Jovens e Adultos integrada à Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EJA – EPT), na relação trabalho e educação. Este ensaio dissertativo foi organizado metodologicamente percorrendo obras de estudiosos da relação entre trabalho e educação, e os resultados evidenciam que a crise gerada pela pandemia acentua ainda mais as desigualdades sociais, principalmente para aqueles que já eram desfavorecidos pelo sistema, como o público da EJA – EPT.
Analysis of the current state of investment attractions of Ukraine
Authors: Kozii Nataliia , Prachuk Victoria
Published: March 2024

The article is aimed at analyzing the investment climate of Ukraine and defining the existing problems of attracting foreign investment to the country’s economy. The article carries out a static analysis of the main macroeconomic indicators of Ukrainian investment climate. The approaches of domestic economic scientists to the definition of the concept of «investment climate» are considered. The main factors influencing the investment attractiveness of the State, region and economic entity are defined. The interdependence of the factors of influence of the macro- and micro-levels on the level of their investment attractiveness is specified. In particular, the level of investment attractiveness of enterprise depends to a certain extent on the investment attractiveness of the State and its regions. The authors analyze the dynamics of foreign direct investment in the Ukrainian economy for the period of 2002-2022, as well as carry out comparisons with the volume of foreign direct investment from the Ukrainian economy, and the main changes in their proportions. The countries of the European Union, which provide more foreign investment to Ukraine, are considered. It is concluded that the investment climate in the country has improved, but unfortunately there have been no significant changes. It is identified that the investment climate of the State remains unfavourable for the external investor. Taking into account a number of existent negative factors with regard to the investment attractiveness of the country, as well as its course towards European integration, it is necessary to implement efficient reforms, one of the priorities of which should be improving the investment attractiveness of the country.
Effects of diameter of optical absorber visualized by an annular array AR-PAM system on spectrum characteristics of photoacoustic signals
Authors: Suzuki Riku , Sulistyawan I. Gede Eka , Ishii Takuro , Saijo Yoshifumi
Published: March 2024

Spectrum characteristics of photoacoustic signals are potential indicators to assess the structural information of optical absorbers. This study investigated whether a spectrum analysis approach can evaluate microvascular diameters obtained by an annular array AR-PAM system. First, 2D numerical simulations were performed to estimate spectral changes in five absorbers with different diameters from 30 to 200 μm. Slope and intercept values from the regression line of the spectrum curve were calculated. Second, the estimated changes were validated by acquiring photoacoustic signals from tungsten wires with five different diameters. Both in numerically and experimentally, spectrum analysis showed the larger the diameter, the greater the lower frequency components, resulting in steeper slope and greater intercept values. Finally, photoacoustic signals acquired from cutaneous microvessels were analyzed. The FWHM diameter of the vessels were corresponded to the slope (r = −0.595;

p

< 0.05) and intercept (r = 0.657;

p

< 0.05) values, respectively.
In the Shadows of Disinformation
Authors: Battista Daniele
Published: March 2024

This study examines the interconnected phenomenon of disinformation and fake news and their relationship to the struggle for human rights. Through an interdisciplinary perspective, we explore the crucial role of the deliberate dissemination of false information in threatening and violating human rights globally. The focus is on how disinformation has become a subtle form of conflict, often circumventing traditional perceptions of war and confrontation.  Our study reflects on developing effective strategies and mechanisms to counter disinformation. It suggests multidimensional approaches combining legislative, educational, and technological efforts to comprehensively address this emerging challenge.
Prognosis - subsea oil and gas industry
Authors: Vaidya P.
Published: March 2024

Life extension has been an important and highly discussed issue in nuclear and aviation industries for a long time and it has recently attracted a considerable attention in subsea oil and gas industry. Decision regarding life extension is primarily based on the remaining useful life. The paper explains the technical health and the other factors that influence the remaining useful life. Degradation mechanisms and the lifetime models are discussed, highlighting the limitations of classical approach and the need for Bayesian approach. A model to predict remaining useful life needs to have a capability of handling heterogeneous combination of requirements like degradation modelling, uncertain sensor data handling, and incorporating expert opinion. The paper explores the suitability of using Bayesian Belief Network as a modelling tool for such prediction in subsea oil and gas industry.
Learning Decision Rules by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for Wind Turbine Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Ye Xiang , Yan Yanjun , Ann Osadciw Lisa
Published: March 2024

The next generation wind turbine systems become more and more complex, which requires a more accurate fault detection method to ensure their efficiency. On a wind farm, sibling turbines should see similar wind speed if they both work normally. Based on this, we design wind speed difference tests to detect both hard failures and soft failures, including anemometer faults. In such tests, it is crucial to determine the decision boundary optimally to tell apart the abnormal state from the normal state. We propose a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based approach to learn from historical data to decide the location and size of the boundary. This procedure is adaptable to each turbine using SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) data only. Our approach is advantageous in its applicability and data-driven nature to monitor a large wind farm. The test result has verified the effectiveness of our approach, and we have observed the anemometer aging in data.
Tool Wear Estimation using Support Vector Machines in Ball-nose End Milling
Authors: Huang S. , Li X. , P. Gan O.
Published: March 2024

This paper introduces a method to determine the tool wear by measured cutting force in Ball-nose End Milling. The features will be extracted from the measured cutting force with different flank wear. As the adaptive window width in wavelet transform is an advantage for analyzing and monitoring the rapid transient of small amplitude of cutting force signals when cutting engagement changes along the sculptured surface tool path, wavelet transform (WT) is more effective than FFT monitoring index for ball-nose end milling. In this research, cutting force signals will be analyzed in time-frequency domain to explore sensitive monitoring features in ball-nose end milling slope surfaces. As a supervised method, support vector machines (SVM) was developed for the classification problem to take advantage of prior knowledge of tool wear and construct a hyper- plane as the decision surface. In this paper, SVM will be formulated into regression problem to estimate tool wear rather than decision maker.
Coupling a Dynamic Linear Model with Random Forest Regression to Estimate Engine Wear
Authors: Schimert James , Wineland Art
Published: March 2024

Mechanical systems wear or change over time. Data collected over a system’s life can be input to statistical learning models to predict this wear/change. A research effort at The Boeing Company has modeled gas turbine engine exhaust gas temperature (EGT) as a function of other recorded parameters. Our investigation chose gas turbines, but these techniques could also be used for other systems that slowly change (degrade) over time. Previous work trained a flexible empirical regression model at a fixed point of wear, and then applied it independently at time points over the life of an engine to predict wear. However, wear typically occurs slowly and smoothly. This paper describes the benefit of relating wear predictions over time using a dynamic linear model, which is an example of a state space method. The combined model predicts wear with dramatically reduced variability over both our previous effort and a baseline method. The benefit of reduced variability is that engine wear is more evident, and it is possible to detect operational anomalies more quickly. In addition to tracking wear, we also use the model as the basis for a Bayesian approach to monitor for sudden changes and reject outliers, and adapt the model after these events. Experiments compare methods and give some guidance in applying the methodology.
Health Monitoring of a Pneumatic Valve Using a PIT Based Technique
Authors: P. P. Gomes João , C. Ferreira Bruno , Cabral Dennis , K. H. Glavão Roberto , Yoneyama Takashi
Published: March 2024

This paper is concerned with the development of a health monitoring system for a pneumatic valve employed in pressure regulation systems. The proposed method is based on the statistical analysis of deviations of the controlled pressure signal from a baseline behavior. For this purpose, the Probability Integral Transform is employed to calculate an index of dissimilarity between the distributions of monitored and baseline data. The proposed method was applied to field records of 15 units, which were monitored during eight months. In the case of failed units, the degradation index showed an increasing trend prior to the failure occurrence. It is worth noting that the failure level was similar in all cases, which is an important characteristic for the future development of prognostic solutions. In addition, no false alarms were observed for the healthy units. The results found in the case study are realistic and fit within practical requirements to support maintenance decision
An Adaptive Recurrent Neural Network for Remaining Useful Life Prediction of Lithium-ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Jie , Saxena Abhinav , Goebel Kai , Saha Bhaskar , Wang Wilson
Published: March 2024

Prognostics is an emerging science of predicting the health condition of a system (or its components) based upon current and previous system states. A reliable predictor is very useful to a wide array of industries to predict the future states of the system such that the maintenance service could be scheduled in advance when needed. In this paper, an adaptive recurrent neural network (ARNN) is proposed for system dynamic state forecasting. The developed ARNN is constructed based on the adaptive/recurrent neural network architecture and the network weights are adaptively optimized using the recursive Levenberg-Marquardt (RLM) method. The effectiveness of the proposed ARNN is demonstrated via an application in remaining useful life prediction of lithium-ion batteries.
Lithium-ion Battery Remaining Useful Life Estimation Based on Nonlinear AR Model Combined with Degradation Feature
Authors: Liu Datong , Luo Yue , Peng Yu , Peng Xiyuan , Pecht Michael
Published: March 2024

Long term prediction such as multi-step time series prediction is a challenging prognostics problem. This paper proposes an improved AR time series model called ND-AR model (Nonlinear Degradation AutoRegression) for Remaining Useful Life (RUL) estimation of lithium-ion batteries. The nonlinear degradation feature of the lithium- ion battery capacity degradation is analyzed and then the non-linear accelerated degradation factor is extracted to improve the linear AR model. In this model, the nonlinear degradation factor can be obtained with curve fitting, and then the ND-AR model can be applied as an adaptive data- driven prognostics method to monitor degradation time series data. Experimental results with CALCE battery data set show that the proposed nonlinear degradation AR model can realize satisfied prognostics for various lithium-ion batteries with low computing complexity.
An Integrated Framework for Model-Based Distributed Diagnosis and Prognosis
Authors: Bregon Anibal , Daigle Matthew , Roychoudhury Indranil
Published: March 2024

Diagnosis and prognosis are necessary tasks for system re-configuration and fault-adaptive control in complex systems. Diagnosis consists of detection, isolation and identification of faults, while prognosis consists of prediction of the remaining useful life of systems. This paper presents a novel integrated framework for model-based distributed diagnosis and prognosis, where system decomposition is used to enable the diagnosis and prognosis tasks to be performed in a distributed way. We show how different submodels can be automatically constructed to solve the local diagnosis and prognosis problems. We illustrate our approach using a simulated four- wheeled rover for different fault scenarios. Our experiments show that our approach correctly performs distributed fault diagnosis and prognosis in an efficient and robust manner.
Prognostic-Enabling of an Electrohydrostatic Actuator (EHA) System
Authors: Vohnout Sonia , Bodden David , Uk Kim Byoung , Wagoner Robert , Kunst Neil , Edwards Patrick , Gleeson Bill , Cascio Dennis , Brzuszkiewicz Steve , Wagemans Roy , Rounds Matthew , Clements N. Scott
Published: March 2024

A proof-of-concept prognostic solution for certain failure modes in the power electronics that drive the flight-critical F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) electrohydrostatic actuators (EHA) is presented. This program was led by Ridgetop Group under U.S. NAVAIR Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) funding, and included Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company (LM), Moog, and Dell Services (Netherlands). Degradation of the optocoupler that isolates the control electronics from the power electronics was simulated in the lab by physically changing resistance values to alter the current transfer ratio. It is proposed that this degradation would also be indicative of insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) wearout. The experimental approach, the test facility, the data analysis and the findings are discussed. An Off-Board Prognostics Health Management (OBPHM) Demonstrator, developed by Ridgetop Group and Dell Systems and representative of the production OBPHM application currently deployed for the F-35 is described. Implementation considerations and challenges are also discussed.
Options for Prognostics Methods: A review of data-driven and physics- based prognostics
Authors: An Dawn , Ho Kim Nam , Choi Joo-Ho
Published: March 2024

Condition-based maintenance is a cost effective maintenance strategy, in which maintenance schedules are predicted based on the results provided from diagnostics and prognostics. Although there are several reviews on diagnostics methods and CBM, a relatively small number of reviews on prognostics are available. Moreover, most of them either provide a simple comparison of different prognostics methods or focus on algorithms rather than interpreting the algorithms in the context of prognostics. The goal of this paper is to provide a practical review of prognostics methods so that beginners in prognostics can select appropriate methods for their field of applications in terms of implementation and prognostics performance. To achieve this goal, this paper introduces not only various prognostics algorithms, but also their attributes and pros and cons using simple examples.
A Particle Filtering-based Framework for Real-time Fault Diagnosis of Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: A. Raptis Ioannis , Sconyers Christopher , Martin Rodney , Mah Robert , Oza Nikunj , Mavris Dimitris , J. Vachtsevanos George
Published: March 2024

Reliability and supervision of autonomous systems and their corresponding subsystems, can be significantly improved using advanced methods of anomaly detection and fault diagnosis. A reliable fault detection module can improve the autonomy of the vehicle itself, by leading to efficient fault tolerant control designs and mission scheduling. This paper presents a fault detection framework for incipient faults that take place on the actuators of an autonomous-small scale hovercraft. The enabling technologies borrow from the fields of modeling, data processing, Bayesian estimation theory and in particular a technique called particle filtering. Condition indicators or features are derived based on first principles modeling of the actuator’s and the vehicle’s dynamics. The fault detection algorithm fuses information obtained from different subsystems of the vehicle that use distinct sets of sensors, producing a robust degree of confidence. In addition, the algorithm is decoupled from the control system. This achieves the goal of minimizing the fault masking, or the compensation of fault-induced navigational errors by the control system, and allows for early detection even for small fault conditions. The efficacy of the diagnostic approach is demonstrated via simulation results. The proposed fault detection methodology can be easily leveraged to other types of autonomous vehicles.
Anomaly Detection in Gas Turbine Compressor of a Power Generation Plant using Similarity-based Modeling and Multivariate Analysis
Authors: Carricajo Tomás , Kripper Felipe , E. Orchard Marcos , Yacher Luis , Paredes Rodrigo
Published: March 2024

This paper introduces advances on the implementation of anomaly detection modules based on a combination of nonparametric models and multivariate analysis of residuals. The proposed anomaly detector utilizes similarity–based modeling (SBM) techniques to represent the process behavior and principal component analysis (PCA) for the study of model residuals; while partial least squares (PLS) is used to select an optimal subset of process variables to be included in the design of the detection module. In addition, the method considers a structured algorithm for the optimal inclusion of representative samples from the data set that is used to define the normal operation of the system. The method is validated using data that characterizes the operation of a compressor in a power generation plant.
Electrochemistry-based Battery Modeling for Prognostics
Authors: Daigle Matthew , S. Kulkarni Chetan
Published: March 2024

Batteries are used in a wide variety of applications. In recent years, they have become popular as a source of power for electric vehicles such as cars, unmanned aerial vehicles, and commercial passenger aircraft. In such application domains, it becomes crucial to both monitor battery health and performance and to predict end of discharge (EOD) and end of useful life (EOL) events. To implement such technologies, it is crucial to understand how batteries work and to capture that knowledge in the form of models that can be used by monitoring, diagnosis, and prognosis algorithms. In this work, we develop electrochemistry-based models of lithium-ion batteries that capture the significant electrochemical processes, are computationally efficient, capture the effects of aging, and are of suitable accuracy for reliable EOD prediction in a variety of usage profiles. This paper reports on the progress of such a model, with results demonstrating the model validity and accurate EOD predictions.
Improving the Diagnostic Performance for Dynamic Systems through the use of Conflict-Driven Model Decomposition
Authors: Bregon Anibal , Feldman Alexander , Pulido Belarmino , Provan Gregory , Alonso-Gonz ́alez Carlos
Published: March 2024

This work studies potential ways of integration of two techniques for fault detection, isolation, and identification in dynamic systems: Lydia-NG suite of diagnosis algorithms and Consistency-based Diagnosis with Possible Conflicts. By integrating both techniques, Lydia- NG will benefit from a more efficient fault detection and isolation task, and Possible Conflicts will benefit from the identification capabilities of Lydia-NG. In this paper, we define a common framework that integrates both techniques, and then we apply the proposed integrated approach to a three-tank system, and draw some conclusions about potential ways of integration.
Why is the Remaining Useful Life Prediction Uncertain?
Authors: Sankararaman Shankar , Goebel Kai
Published: March 2024

This paper discusses the significance and interpretation of uncertainty in the remaining useful life (RUL) prediction of components used in several types of engineering applications, and answers certain fundamental questions such as “Why is the RUL prediction uncertain?”, “How to interpret the uncertainty in the RUL prediction?”, and “How to compute the un- certainty in the RUL prediction?”. Prognostics and RUL pre- diction are affected by various sources of uncertainty. In or- der to make meaningful prognostics-based decision-making, it is important to analyze how these sources of uncertainty affect the remaining useful life prediction, and thereby, compute the overall uncertainty in the remaining useful life pre- diction. The classical (frequentist) and Bayesian (subjective) interpretations of uncertainty and their implications on prognostics are explained, and it is argued that the Bayesian interpretation of uncertainty is more suitable for remaining useful life prediction in the context of condition-based monitoring. Finally, it is demonstrated that the calculation of uncertainty in remaining useful life can be posed as an uncertainty propagation problem, and the practical challenges involved in computing the uncertainty in the remaining useful life prediction are discussed.