bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A functional decision support system for management of Graphiola leaf spot (Graphiola phoenicis) disease during hardening of date palm tissue cultured plants in a greenhouse
Authors: D Singh  , K Kumar  , PN Sivalingam  , C Ram  , GB Patil  , N Subhash
Published: September 2023

A functional decision support system (DSS) was developed through optimising values of parameters favour faster growth and development of tissue cultured plantlets of date palm and suppression of disease infection. The programming of control devices was further managed based on the ambient environmental conditions, which required variable simulation periods and a plan for controlling of all systems for maintaining the greenhouse environment. During the process of plant hardening, the plants were infected by Graphiola leaf spot (Graphiola phoenicis). The moderate temperature, and high humidity inside the greenhouse, accompanied by short days and frequent occurrence of fog during winter months, favoured the development of smut infection. It is required to manage an extended photoperiod for 16 hours with 15000 lux light intensity provided by white fluorescent tube lights and incandescent bulbs inside the greenhouse. The integrated practices of enhanced photoperiod and light intensity under the greenhouse in combination with fungicides application to plants were found very effective in suppressing the intensity of the disease and its adverse effects on the plants. Using this decision support system (DSS), the tissue cultured date palm plants cv. Barhee has been successfully hardened and managed disease and transplanted in the field for further studying establishment, survival, plant growth and fruiting-related parameters.
Perbandingan Kualitas Air Menggunakan Parameter Macroinvertebrates dan Plankton pada Industri Penyedap Rasa Korea dan Jepang
Authors: Ardiansyah Fernando , Rijal Seftiawan Samsu
Published: September 2023

Sungai merupakan salah satu wilayah yang harus dijaga kelestariannya, oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data tentang kualitas air sungai di outlet pembuangan limbah pabrik penyedap mekanan dari korea dan jepang. Hasilnya akan menjadi perbandingan tentang siapa yang lebih mencemari lingkungan. Sampel yang diambil berupa plankton dan Makroinvertebrata (Indeks Kualitas Air) dengan metode pengambilan sampel purposive judgement sampling. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan plankton net dan jaring biotilik. Air disaring sebanyak 15 liter yang dibagi masing-masing kedalam 3x pengulangan di setiap outlet pabrik penyedap rasa. Hasilnya adalah IKA pada PT Daesang Ingredients yaitu 1.68, PT Ajinomoto 2.25 dan PT Cheiljedang 1.75. Hal ini berbanding terbalik dengan keragaman plankton yang bernilai 2.466 pada PT Daesang Ingredients, 2.1 pada PT Ajinomoto, dan 2.233 pada PT Cheiljedang. Hal ini dikarenakan pada daerah yang tercemar ditemukan beberapa plankton yang mengindikasikan lokasi tersebut sedang tercemar. Kehadiran plankton tersebut dapat membuktikan adanya kontaminasi logam berat dan polutan lain. Plankton tersebut memiliki resistensi yang tinggi terhadap lingkungan teremar.
Identifikasi Plankton pada Limbah Industri Kertas di Hilir Sungai Brantas
Authors: Putri Aysah Seva Titania Febri , Aprilianti Rafika , Chandra Adyos Bobby
Published: September 2023

Sungai Brantas merupakan daerah terbuka yang mengaIir (lotic) yang berpotensi menjadi tempat buangan dari kegiatan manusia pada daerah pemukiman, perkebunan, pertanian maupun industri disekitarnya. Meninjau permasalah lingkungan saat ini di sungai Brantas yakni banyaknya industri kertas. Industri pabrik kertas ini membuang limbah yang menjadi pengaruh terhadap kehidupan plankton di sungai Brantas yakni pabrik kertas PT Adhiprima Suraprinta, PT Dayasa Aria Prima, PT Surabaya Mekabox dan PT Tjiwi Kimia. Mengingat kelimpahan plankton di suatu perairan merupakan sumber makanan penting bagi organisme lain, hal tersebut bergantung pada kualitas perairan yang ada. Parameter lingkungan yang secara langsung mempengaruhi plankton adalah suhu, salinitas, pH, oksigen terlarut (DO), TDS dan fosfat. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang plankton di limbah industri pabrik kertas dan kualitas air suhu, pH, DO, TDS, ammonia, fosfat, chlorin. Pengamatan menggunakan indeks kelimpahan, keanekaragaman dan  indeks dominansi. Indeks Kelimpahan tertinggi yaitu 2200 idn/m3 dan terendah 110 idn/ m3. Indeks Keanekaragaman  H’ (2,198) dan terendah (0,662) tergolong rendah. Indeks Dominansi tergolong rendah.
Improvement of ginger for yield and quality traits under the hill ecosystem of Mizoram
Authors: Soni J. K. , Vishambhar Dayal  , Sunani S. K. , Bawitlung Lalramhlimi , Kumar Amit , Shakuntala Ingudam , Doley Sunil
Published: September 2023

The field study on ginger was carried out at ICAR Research Farm, Mizoram Centre, for three consecutive years (2019-2021). The best selection criteria for crop improvement were determined based on genetic component analyses and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). There exists highly significant variation for all traits due to genotypes based on analysis of variance. The highest extent of variability was recorded in oleoresin content. The magnitude of heritability and genetic gain was moderate to high for LAI, leaves per hill, tillers per plant, fresh weight of clump, rhizomes per plant, dry recovery, total chlorophyll, total phenol content, 6-gingerol and oleoresin content, indicating the additive gene control for which choosing of these traits will be beneficial. The rhizome yield exhibited the highest positive correlation with leaves per hill, followed by LAI and tillers per plant. Direct selection of characters like LAI, fresh weight of clump, rhizomes per plant and 6-gingerol content could be most reliable for yield improvement. Based on PCA and bi-plot figures, LAI, tillers per plant, leavesper hill, rhizomes per plant, fresh weight of clump, and yield of rhizomes contributed mostly to genetic diversity among the ginger genotypes and ‘Bold Nadia’, ‘Bhaise’ and ‘PGS 102’ were identified as the best genotypes possessing optimum combinations of yield and quality traits for exploitation in future  programmes under Mizoram condition
ATTAINABLE SETS OF INTEGRAL CONSTRAINED SEIR CONTROL SYSTEM WITH NONLINEAR INCIDENCE
Authors: NAZLIPINAR Ali Serdar , MOHAMMADIMEHR Farıdeh
Published: September 2023

In this survey, we consider the dynamics of a contagious disease spread by employing a nonlinear dynamical control system of differential equations. It considers treatment and vaccination as key control parameters to discern their influence on disease control. The study, approximate the attainable sets of a given control system and presents visual results, while also discussing potential biological applications of their findings.
VALORIZATION OF TURKISH COFFEE WASTE AS A BIODIESEL FEEDSTOCK
Authors: ULUKARDEŞLER Ayşe Hilal
Published: September 2023

Increasing industrialization and population increase demand to fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are limited all over the world. This causes the supply of these fuels to deplete and at the same time increase greenhouse gas emissions. Biodiesel is a good alternative to fossil fuels. Researchers are looking for products with high oil content as a feedstock for biodiesel production. Since the average oil content of coffee is 15% by weight and the annual coffee consumption in the world is approximately 1.5-2 million tons, it is possible to contribute to the economy by producing biodiesel from the waste coffee oil. Turkish coffee is a special coffee due to its preparation and cooking methods and has an important place in Turkish culture. Its consumption between the other coffee types is above 80% in Turkey, so it should be evaluated differently. In this study, the oil amount of Turkish coffee waste was investigated and it was discussed as a raw material for biodiesel. 16.8% wt. oil was obtained as a result of soxhlet extraction of Turkish coffee waste. This study suggests 8.44 million L of biodiesel production from Turkish coffee waste annually.
ENRICHMENT OF SİVAS/GEMEREK LIGNITE COAL BY OIL AGGLOMERATION USING DIFFERENT VEGETABLE OILS
Authors: KAYA Özlem , TAŞDÖĞEN CEBE Neriman
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate the use of various vegetable oils (almond oil, hazelnut oil, poppy oil, soybean (soya) oil, sunflower oil) for Sivas/Gemerek (in Turkey) lignite coal by oil agglomeration. The study examined the effect of bridging liquid type and dosage on oil agglomeration. Vegetable oil dosages of 2%, 5%, 10% and 20% were investigated in oil agglomeration experiments. The agglomeration of lignite coal with these bridging liquids was evaluated based on yield, combustible recovery and ash rejection. The agglomeration performances of these vegetable oils were compared. The highest ash rejection (70.30%) was observed by using soybean (soya) at 20% of the bridging liquid dosage. The yield and combustible recovery of lignite coal were achieved 36.46% yield and 38.05% combustible recovery in this soybean (soya) oil dosage, respectively. The lignite coal ash content was reduced from 19.08% to 15.54% under these optimum conditions.
A glimmer of hope
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: September 2023

Affect Theory To be blunt, the past two and a half years have been terrible for me. Certainly, they have been worse for others. But I have spent the last two years feeling that basic activities in public pose an existential threat. The isolation of shielding is bad – but I do have my lovely wife and our little dog, so I am fortunate in that respect.
Bildungsroman
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: September 2023

This post forms part of my ‘aspects of the novel’ collection. Please do note that these entries, which may appear basic, are simply my own notes on the subject. They implicitly or explicitly describe a canon not of my own making or choosing and replicate this from various sources. The original encyclopaedia articles are far more comprehensive, nuanced and worth consulting. The bildungsroman is the “coming of age” novel.
Input-Output
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: September 2023

Something I am not very good at is decoupling the amount of effort I am expected to put in from the output result. That is, my academic contract has a nominal number of hours that I am expected to work and that should serve as a guide for how much I can get done. In the two full years where I have time tracked everything I do for work, I have ended up substantially “in the red”; i.e. I do many more hours than the contract states. How much more?
All ten of my books now are (or will be when published) open access
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: September 2023

Today marks a significant milestone for me. All ten of my academic monographs are now – or will be when published – openly accessible and free to download. The books that are not yet out have advance contracts that stipulate open access.
19th-Century British Isles
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: September 2023

This post forms part of my ‘aspects of the novel’ collection. Please do note that these entries, which may appear basic, are simply my own notes on the subject. They implicitly or explicitly describe a canon not of my own making or choosing and replicate this from various sources. The original encyclopaedia articles are far more comprehensive, nuanced and worth consulting.
Moving On: My Infrastructural Turn
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: September 2023

The next few months mark a series of “10“s for me. On the 10th September, it will be 10 years since my Ph.D. viva. In November, it will be 10 years since I got my first lecturing position (TT Assistant Prof) at the University of Lincoln. It’s 10 years since I met Dr Caroline Edwards and we began publishing

Alluvium

together. And it’s 10 years since we began planning the Open Library of Humanities.
The Baltic States and the Novel
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: September 2023

This post forms part of my ‘aspects of the novel’ collection. Please do note that these entries, which may appear basic, are simply my own notes on the subject. They implicitly or explicitly describe a canon not of my own making or choosing and replicate this from various sources. The original encyclopaedia articles are far more comprehensive, nuanced and worth consulting.
What is the relationship between legal form, governance, and ethics?
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: September 2023

In the world of OA publishing, there have been further (not-so)shock waves reverberating this week as Knowledge Unlatched was sold to Wiley. One of the questions this raises is: how was it possible for this sale to go through and what could have been done to prevent it? One of the first points to raise, and one that I have already made on Twitter, is that Knowledge Unlatched had to take a corporate form that protected its founder’s investment.
Announcing a Practitioner’s Handbook on Open Access in Interlibrary Loan
Authors:   OA.Works
Published: September 2023

Delivering Open Access content through interlibrary loan holds enormous potential for cost savings (as this recent study continues to show), as well as the discovery and creation of Open Access content when it’s needed most. However, it comes with new knowledge for practitioners to learn, and challenges to tackle.
Arcadia Fund Supports Open Access Button to Improve Access to Research Without Subscriptions
Authors:   OA.Works
Published: September 2023

To advance this work, we would like to collaborate with Interlibrary Loan teams who want their work to open up content, repository teams interested in improving their deposit workflows to increase deposits, and libraries currently reconsidering a big deal package (especially if using Ex-Libris Primo, Alma, or Illiad) who would be interested in learning more about how these tools can give you more leverage in negotiations.
The importance of the application of internal control in the processes of secure financial and general management in agricultural enterprises in Republic of Serbia
Authors: Arnautović Ivan , Samardžić Veljko , Popović Dragana , Popović Slobodan
Published: September 2023

A country in transition, like the Republic of Serbia, needs to create conditions in which it will be possible to structurally improve the management process in a large number of heterogeneous companies. In this study, the authors emphasized the importance of encouraging the improvement of management through the practical application of internal control in agricultural enterprises. Comparative comparisons were made between two forms of established internal control in agricultural enterprises with the aim of discovering differences on that basis. Then they performed an additional analysis of the form of internal control in relation to the three levels of introduced internal control based on the intensity of introduced internal control in the regular business processes of the mentioned companies. The third and largest contribution of the author in the study stems from the observation of the mentioned introduced internal control and the achieved business results in the form of realized income at the end of the business year. The results obtained by the authors of the study are such that the obtained value of the Chi-square test is 6.281, i.e. p<.05, which proved that the use of the form of internal control by intensity affects the amount of income achieved in agricultural enterprises, i.e. the establishment of internal control is important for making valid management decisions by top management.
Factors influencing women's involvement in palm oil processing in Ife North Local Government area of Osun State Nigeria
Authors: Ibitunde Ibidun , Alao Oluwagbenga , Awotayo Emmanuel
Published: September 2023

The study assessed women's involvement in palm oil processing in Ife North Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 120 women palm oil processors. Primary data collected with the aid of wellstructured interview schedule were subjected to frequency counts, percentage, mean, standard deviation and Chi-square analysis. The results reveal that majority (73.3%) of the palm oil processors were married, with the mean age of 50.2±15.173 years and years of palm oil processing experience averaged 24.713+13.670. Oil drying, x̅=3.87, ranked 1st of all the processing activities the respondents were involved in. Close to half (47.5%) of the women palm oil processors were at a medium level of involvement. High cost of labour and transportation ranked 1st with a weighted mean score of x̅=3.04 of all the constraints. There was significant association between age (ch2=18.730, p=0.001), marital status (ch2=15.663, p=0.047), primary occupation (ch2=20.207, p=0.003), level of education (ch2=15.821, p=0.045), experience (ch2=16.607, p=0.034) and involvement in palm oil processing. The study concluded that there was medium level of involvement in palm oil processing among the women. It was recommended that governmental and non-governmental agricultural agencies should introduce modern method of palm oil processing to the women palm oil processors in the study area.
Students' attitudes about the quality and effectiveness of online compared to traditional teaching of histology and embryology during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jorgaćević Teodora , Savić Slađana , Tomašević Jelena , Mehmedi Erdin , Perić Milica , Gašić Sanja
Published: September 2023

INTRODUCTION: The corona virus desease has led to numerous changes in all aspects of our lives. The educational system through numerous innovative learning methods managed the smooth conduct of distance learning. OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study is to examine the attitudes of medical and dental students about quality and effectiveness of online versus traditional teaching, in the course of Hystology and Embriology during the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: The research was conducted online, with the help of a questionnaire designed on the Google Forms platform. The cross-sectional study included second-year students of medicine and dentistry at the Faculty of Medicine in Priština -Kosovska Mitrovica, who during the 2020/21 academic year followed online and classical classes in the subject Histology and Embryology. The results were processed using descriptive statistical methods and appropriate tests for testing the hypothesis about the significance of the difference between two, three or more samples. RESULTS: Out of the total number of surveyed students (n=60), 95% of students attended traditional classes, 88.3% of students attended classes via Zoom platform, while 85% of respondents used Moodle platform. The highest percentage of very satisfied (38.3%) and satisfied (51.6%) students was with traditional teaching. The percentage of available lecturers during online classes is 73.3%, and 76.7% during tradicional teaching. 75% of students believe that tradicional teaching can not be replaced by online teaching method. 68% of students used the literature and available presentations on the Moodle platform to prepare for the exam. A significant correlation was found in the case of satisfaction with the grade and the achieved success in the exam (p=0,001). CONCLUSION: The results of our research show that students preferred traditional over online teaching, which makes traditional teaching a primary and irreplaceable form of education.
Influence of circadian rhythms and seasonal and annual variations on acute myocardial infarction incidence
Authors: Marić Nikolina , Đuričin Aleksandar , Jokšić-Mazinjanin Radojka , Odavić Milica , Tabš Dane , Nocmartini Tamara , Vasović Velibor
Published: September 2023

Background/Aim: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a consequence of complete coronary artery occlusion. There is a considerable seasonal variation in the incidence of AMI. The aim of the study was to establish a circadian and seasonal pattern of AMI. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted, using the database of the Institute of Emergency Medical Service of the City of Novi Sad. The study included 982 patients, both male and female, diagnosed with AMI (I.21 - ICD-10 code) in the period between 15 March 2018 and 14 March 2022. Data were classified according to the time of the day, days of the week, quarters and months. Data were analysed by using descriptive statistical methods, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-squared test and Fisher's exact test. Results: AMI most frequently occurred between 6 am and 2 pm (389; 39.6 %). A statistically significant incidence of AMI was calculated for the periods between 6 am and 2 pm (ch2 = 39.69; p < 0.001) and between 2 pm and 10 pm (ch2 = 28.06; p < 0.001). Most cases of AMI were noted on Monday (153; 15.6 %) and in January (93; 9.5 %). The highest incidence of AMI was in the period between 15 March 2021 and 14 March 2022 (304; 31.0 %), while the lowest incidence was noted between 15 March 2019 and 14 March 2020 (190; 19.3 %). Conclusion: Circadian, seasonal and annual rhythm may have a significant impact on the incidence of AMI. This fact can have an important role in the prevention, timely recognition and adequate treatment of acute coronary disease.
How do we learn from public health emergencies?: Training public health professionals on intra-and after-action reviews during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Šefer Janina , Šol Meike , an der
Published: September 2023

Public health crises require continuous learning to improve preparedness and response to future public health threats. Intra- and after-action reviews (IAR/AAR), as part of the Monitoring and Evaluation Framework under the International Health Regulations (IHR, 2005), constitute important elements for initiating and implementing learning processes during and after public health events. However, in the early COVID-19 pandemic, experience with these formats was limited and there were few opportunities for exchange. As part of the Joint Action SHARP, we conducted two virtual trainings and a peer-to-peer review workshop in 2021 and 2022 to address this need. The trainings and workshop entailed an overview of the IAR/AAR methodology as well as practical exercises and interactive elements. Participants, generally, increased their understanding of IAR/ AARs and welcomed the opportunity for networking and exchange. We conclude that such trainings should be offered more broadly and possibly be expanded to build and maintain workforce capacities for learning from crises.
Is diphtheria a forgotten disease?
Authors: Pavlović Ljiljana , Šaponjić Vladan , Dacić Slavica , Gospodinović Hristina , Jovanović Dragomir
Published: September 2023

Diphtheria is a severe infectious disease that can be prevented by vaccination. In the past few decades, it has re-emerged in connection with reduced vaccination coverage in the countries affected by war or social unrest. During the past decade, the migrant crisis additionally influenced the reappearance of diphtheria, especially its cutaneous forms. On the other hand, in many countries, diphtheria is considered an eliminated infection, and over time attention paid to this disease has decreased, as has the level of knowledge about laboratory and clinical diagnostic methods. Suspicion of the cutaneous or respiratory forms of diphtheria potentially present in migrants who pass the so-called Balkan route initiated the establishment of an active surveillance system to be considered with the aim of early detection of potential cases, adequate sampling, laboratory testing, treatment and implementation of relevant measures regarding exposed contacts. The aim of this review article was to raise the level of awareness of physicians who may come into contact with diphtheria patients, as well as to revise the knowledge required for adequate laboratory confirmation of the diagnosis and supervision. The paper presents an overview of the current literature in this field, as well as recommendations for laboratory work and supervision.
Significance of adenosine deaminase in diagnosing tuberculous pleurisy
Authors: Janković Jelena , Ilić Branislav , Jandrić Aleksandar
Published: September 2023

Tuberculous pleurisy (TP) is one of the most common extra-pulmonary tuberculosis forms. Tuberculous pleurisy occurs when Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen is released from a ruptured caseous focus into the pleural space causing hyperinflammatory response with a rapid influx of lymphocytes. Acid-fast bacilli (AFB) staining, cultures and pathohistological biopsy finding are positive in most patients only in less than 10% of samples. Culture results take about 6-8 weeks which delays the diagnosis. A problem also occurs in the differentiation of effusions with lymphocytic predominance. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is a biochemical marker with high sensitivity and specificity and is considered a gold standard within biomarkers when it comes to diagnosing TP. Using an algorithm for the values of ADA above or below 40 U/L we can distinguish this type of effusion from other types. ADA in pleural punctate is a fast, efficient, and economical way for clarifying the etiology of a pleural effusion such as tuberculous pleurisy and treatment response during the follow up period.
Cardiotoxicity of antineoplastic therapy: Underlying mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and basic principles of cardio-oncology
Authors: Cvetković Zorica , Marković Olivera , Mitrović Mirjana
Published: September 2023

Malignancies and cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in the modern world. Taking into account the ageing population of developed countries and the fact that malignancies are mainly diseases of old age, the projected increase in the incidence of malignancies in the countries of the European Union, by 2040, is more than 20%. Modern, personalized therapy of malignant diseases, which has significantly improved the prognosis and survival of hemato-oncology patients, requires careful ambulatory patient follow-up, in order to prevent, timely diagnose and adequately treat the immediate and delayed adverse effects of antineoplastic therapy. The cardiovascular system is particularly sensitive to antineoplastic agents due to its particular structure and functions. A personalized and multidisciplinary approach in the treatment and follow-up of hemato-oncology patients has led to the development of a new subspeciality - cardio-oncology, whose main task is the early identification of oncological patients, with or without associated cardiovascular disease, who have an increased risk of developing cardiotoxicity during antineoplastic treatment. The article describes the basic mechanisms of cardiotoxicity of the most important groups of antineoplastic drugs, clinical manifestations as well as contemporary recommendations for primary and secondary prevention.
The correlation of PD-L1 expression in cytological and histological material of serous high-grade ovarian cancer
Authors: Jovanović Ljubiša , Ćirković Anđa , Nikolić Ljubinka , Jović Milena , Mikić Darko , Milenković Svetlana , Janković Radmila
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Neoplastic cells in peritoneal lavage express various proteins with significant prognostic and therapeutic potential. Such expression could differ from the expression in a primary tumor or in metastases. In this research, we compared PD-L1 (programmed cell death ligand-1) expression on ovarian cancer cells in cytological material with its expression on peritoneal metastases and a primary tumor. Materials and methods: The study included 30 patients who had been operated on for high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) in FIGO IIIC, over the period of one year. Cytoblocks, cytological and tissue microarrays were assembled and immunostained with PD-L1 antibody. For each tumor compartment we determined four PD-L1 expression categories: negative, low, moderate, and strong expression, according to the percentage of membrane positive tumor cells. Moderate and strong positivity together were considered as high PD-L1 expression. Results: Moderate PD-L1 expression was the most frequent pattern in primary HGSC (50%) and in peritoneal metastases (omentum) (60%). Cytological samples mostly showed low PD-L1 expression (57%). Statistical analysis did not show a significant difference in PD-L1 expression between the study groups. We found a positive correlation of PD-L1 expression between different, matched tumor samples in every patient, with statistical significance (p < 0.05) between all the analyzed samples. Conclusion: PD-L1 expression was similar in all three tumor compartments. This could point to similar peritumor regulatory mechanisms of HGSC in primary tumor tissue and cytology tumor samples. Immunohistochemical analysis of the assembled cytoblocks is sufficiently reliable in the assessment of PD-L1 expression on cancer ovarian cells from cytological material.
Who sends money home: Fiscal consequences of the territorial representation in Serbia
Authors: Vučićević Dušan , Bursać Dejan
Published: September 2023

The practice of political representatives trying to provide benefits to voters in their local communities is not new. The phenomenon is most often operationalized through financing of public works, projects, subsidies, direct transfers or social benefits, provided in order to increase the political ratings and ultimately ensure reelection. Although the practice is more pronounced in candidate-oriented electoral systems consisting of single-member districts, it can also be identified within the countries employing the proportional list system. The authors' intention is to examine a correlation between the local representation in the Serbian parliament and budgetary transfers and moreover a general level of local financing. For this purpose, data on the residence of MPs was compared with the levels of transfers, subsidies and amount of local expenditures, while the models are additionally controlled with various variables including size of municipality, development level, unemployment rate, share of elderly population, as well as other developmental and societal factors. The sample covered 145 cities and municipalities in Serbia, for a period from 2013 to 2021. The empirical results indicate that pork barrel practices are indeed present even in the environment of closed electoral lists with at-large single district, which does not create institutional incentives for the cultivation of personal vote. But even in Serbia, it seems that local politicians favor their places of residence by increasing the level of public investments. Consequently, municipalities without deputies will remain without financial benefits that parliamentary representation provides. We found that these practices are primarily accomplished through central level subsidies, but can also be identified in the amounts of local budgets and local expenditures. On the other hand, direct annual transfers from the higher levels of government are mostly fixed due to the exact legal criteria, exempting the interference of elected deputies on this particular financing mechanism.
Serbian diplomacy in deterrence
Authors: Blagojević Veljko
Published: September 2023

Resume Diplomacy represents the first line of promotion and defense of national interests and one of the sources of power, alongside with military, economic, information and other forms of power. The importance and complexity of diplomacy for Serbia in the contemporary international relations are perhaps most evident in terms of deterrence when a major war is being waged on European soil, which will certainly have long-term consequences for the international system. In addition to these factors, the persistent unresolved issues stemming from the Yugoslav heritage, notably the contentious matter of Kosovo and Metohija's status, underscore the imperative for Serbia to consistently harness its full national potential to establish a robust and comprehensive deterrence strategy under the constraints of a policy of military neutrality. This policy, in turn, further compounds the complexity of the challenges at hand. The effectiveness of diplomacy is one of the key prerequisites for successful deterrence, but its synergy with other instruments of foreign policy cannot be reliably realized without the concept of strategic communication. The goal of this paper is, relying on a realistic theoretical foundation, to provide an analysis of diplomatic functions and examine its significance for effective deterrence and the necessity of synchronized action with other foreign policy instruments; instruments that were primarily developed for deterrence but can be utilized differently if diplomacy fails to navigate the security dilemma's failings.
Constitutional and normative position of Belgrade as an obstacle in the exercise of local democracy
Authors: Jerinić Jelena
Published: September 2023

During the last few decades, the reluctance to take significant steps in the reform of territorial organization and local self-government system in Serbia had an adverse effect on both small and underdeveloped, as well as large and economically more developed municipalities and towns. In this paper, the author's intention is to show that the constitutional and legal position of the City of Belgrade, within the framework of a single-level and uniform system of local self-government, among other issues, prevents the implementation of various mechanisms of local democracy, as regulated by Serbian laws. Trapped in such a system, Belgrade and its authorities remain completely distant from citizens. The inadequacy of formal mechanisms of local democracy which are incorporated into the legal solutions on the system of local self-government is primarily shown here on the example of the organization of city municipalities, which during the last twenty years have been completely devoid of self-governing characteristics, as well as the specific form of optionality in the establishment of local community units (mesne zajednice) at the level of Belgrade, as the country's capital. Solutions could be sought in comprehensive reforms to territorial organization and the system of local self-government, which, apparently, would require changes to the Constitution, and which would enable the capital city to (at least) have the position of the second tier of local self-government. Belgrade's aptness to be more than a first-level unit of local self-government can be confirmed by a simple analysis of tasks delegated to the City in certain areas of competence, in which it already has the position of a second-tier administrative authority (e.g. urban planning and construction, legalization of immovable property or citizens registers).
Arrangement of preventive fire protection in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Jazić Aleksandar
Published: September 2023

One of the most important areas in fire protection is prevention. This area has the most important place, because its regulation directly contributes to the elimination of potential risks and dangers In all countries, this area is regulated by different legal regulations. This establishes a clear organization in preventive action through a different and clearly prescribed set of measures and activities. Prevention within economic entities has an important place in legal regulations. All economic entities are obliged to implement preventive fire protection measures. The most obligations in that area have economic entities whose activity brings with it potentials of risks and dangers. There are several laws in Serbia that regulate the area of preventive fire protection. They also prescribe the obligation of state bodies to deal with preventive fire protection. Standardization of preventive fire protection is the foundation in the implementation of regulations in this area In each state there is a national body responsible for standardization and cooperates with adequate international organizations and related national bodies of other states.
Slip regime MHD 2-liquid plasma heat transfer flow with hall currents between parallel plates
Authors: LINGA RAJU T. , SATISH P.
Published: September 2023

The influence of the slip factor on the MHD 2-liquid heat transfer flow of ionized gases within a channel between two non-conducting plates with Hall currents is investigated theoretically. Slip conditions were used to obtain solutions for the velocity and temperature fields, as well as the heat transfer rates. The flow characteristics of the two liquids are studied for estimates of the leading parameters, for instance the magnetic parameter, Hall and slip factors, viscosity, density, height, electrical conductivity and the thermal conductivity ratios. It was observed that an upsurge in temperature in the two zones is caused by the thermal conductivity proportion. The rate of heat transfer coefficient diminishes up to a certain point, after that it starts to increase as the magnetic and Hall parameters increase
منهج الإسلام في الحفاظ على البيئة
Authors: عطية بشير سالم عمر عطية
Published: September 2023

الحمد لله رب العالمين، وصلى الله على سيدنا محمد النبي الكريم وعلى آله وصحبه ومن تبعه بإحسان إلى يوم الدين أما بعد: فقد أمر الله تعالى بالعدل والإحسان ونهى عن الفساد والظلم والعدوان، أمر بالصلاح والإصلاح « وما كان ربك ليهلك القرى بظلم وأهلها مصلحون» [هود: 117] ونهى عن الفساد في الأرض والخروج عـن أوامر الله ونواهيه. ومن الخروج عن أوامر الله تلويث البيئة التي يمارس الإنسان حياته فيها فينعكس هذا على سائر سلوكه وتصرفاته
المنهج الصوفي عند الشيخ عبد السلام الأسمر
Authors: عبد اللطيف إبراهيم خليفة
Published: September 2023

الحمد لله رب العالمين، وأصلي وأسلم على المبعوث رحمة للعالمين، وعلى آله وأصحابه ومن اهتدى بهديهم، واستن بسنتهم إلى يوم الدين، وبعد

فإنه لا يخفى على صاحب العقل السليم، أن الوصول إلى الله تعالى وطلبه من الغابات الامية التي استهدفها الإنسان، فجاءت الرسالات السماوية لترشد الإنسان طریق الوصول، وفق منهج رباني ارتضاه الحق طريقا للوصول إليه، ويعتبر المنهج الصوفي طريا يصل بسالكيه إلى الله عز وجل.لكن اختلف الناس في كيفية التحقق بهذا المنهج، فكل يتراءى له حسبما تؤدية إليه بصيرته، أو يذهب به فکره، مما جعل الأمر ليس سهل المنال، بل لابد من مرشد أو معلم، أو شيخ لتلقي العلم على يديه، حتى لا يضل الناس الطريق، ولا يترك الإنسان في ظل متاع الحياة - حیران تائها، يتخبط بين السبل، تاركا سبيل الرحمن
الطريقة العروسية والإمام الأسمر قدس الله سره
Authors: جوان علي محمد مختار
Published: September 2023

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم، الحمد لله رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على أشرف المرسلين وإمام المتقين سيدنا ومولانا محمد وعلى آله الطيبين الطاهرين وصحابته الغروالميامين، وبعد

ففي النصف الثاني من القرن التاسع وأوائل القرن العاشر الهجري برز في شمال أفريقيا علمان من أعلام التصوف کون كل منهما طريقة صوفية انتسب إليهما أعداد هائلة من المريدين هما الإمام سيدي محمد بن عیسی (1) مؤسس الطريقة العيساوية في المغرب، والإمام أحمد بن عروس مؤسس الطريقة العروسية في تونس، غير أن الطريقة العروسية انتشرت من ليبيا على يد الإمام الأسمر انتشارا واسعا كما بشر بذلك الإمام ابن عروس، وتحول مركز الدعوة للطريقة العروسية منذ ذلك الحين إلى مدينة زليتنوضمنت هذا البحث ترجمة لثلاثة مشايخ من مشايخ هذه الطريقة، وأهم الأدوات التي يتوصل بها المريد إلى درجة الكمال البشري وهي: الأوراد والأحزاب والوظائف والسماع وقبل كل ذلك الحاجة إلى شيخ مرب. كما تحدثت عن سند هذه الطريقة من حیث: سند التلقين وسند لبس القلنسوة وسند لبس الخرقة وسند لبس المرقعة وسند المصافحة. وتحدثت عن انتشار هذه الطريقة إبان حياة الإمام الأسمر،
الجامعة الأسمرية بين الواقع والآفاق المستقبلية
Authors: علي صالح أبو بكر
Published: September 2023

لاشك أن المنارات ومراكز العلم التي ظهرت في بعض أرجاء العالم الإسلامي لعبت دورا كبيرا في مد الإشعاع الفكري والعلمي بمختلف أوجهه، كما أسهمت في نشر الوعي الديني وفهم العقيدة الإسلامية الفهم الصحيح، فضلا عن التبصر في مختلف العلوم المتعلقة بالإسلام كمنهج حياة متكامل، فلقد لعبت تلك المراكز أدوارا مهمة جدا في التاريخ الإسلامي، إذ كان طلبة العلم يقصدونها للتزود بمختلف المعارف، كالفقه والتفسير ومختلف فروع التشريع الإسلامي، إذ شاع ذكر الأزهر الشريف والزيتونة والقرويين في هذا الحقل، كما هي الحال بالنسبة للمنارة الأسمرية التي لم تكن بمعزل عن الواقع المشار إليه للمراكز السابقة، فقد أسهمت منذ نشأتها بجهد ملموس، وما المحفل العلمي المرصود والمرتقب بمشاركة أولي الفكر والاختصاص من أكثر من جهة ومكان، إلا دلالة قاطعة، وبرهان أكيد على ما تتمتع به الجامعة الأسمرية من مكانه مهمة ومنزلة رفيعة، يجدر الوقوف على ماضيها كمنارة ومركز للعلوم الشرعية وكذا تأمل خطاها عقب ما لحقها من تطور ملفت وملموس، إثر الإعلان عنها كجامعه أسوة بمثيلاتها من الجامعات الإسلامية العريقة تتلمس خطاها بثبات نحو الإسهام الفعلي في الفكر الإسلامي
يهود تونس الحفصية) بين الأحباس وحق الملكية
Authors: کرير د. زينب عبد الله
Published: September 2023

كشفت (وثائق) الجينز (2) عن جو التسامح والألفة بين اليهود والسكان المحليين في كنف المجتمع الإسلامي بالمغرب عموما، الأمر الذي سمح لليهود بالإسهام في ترك بصماتهم على الحياة العامة بمختلف مؤسساتها، والمشاركة في التفاعل الاقتصادي للمجتمع آنذاك؛ الأمر الذي مكنهم من تكوين رؤوس أموال جعلتهم يقومون بدور نشط في المجالات الاقتصادية على مختلف ميادينها.

وتبعا لهذا النشاط المتنوع توطدت علاقات اليهود بالمسلمين باعتبارهم أقلية
إشكالية ثبوت النسب في القانون رقم 10 لسنة 1984م بشأن الزواج والطلاق وتعديلاته (ثبوت نسب ولد الزنا)
Authors: أغنية محمود محمد علي
Published: September 2023

إنَّ الحمد لله نحمده ونستعينه ونستغفره، ونعوذ بالله من شرور أنفسنا ومن سيئات أعمالنا، من يهده الله فلا مضل له، ومن يضلل فلا هادى لـه، وأشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وحده لا شريك له، وأشهد أنَّ محمداً عبده ورسوله .

أمَّا بعد: فإن علاقة الزواج تعتبر من أنبل وأقـدس الــروابط مجـدتها الشريعة الإسلامية، وأحاطتها بعناية بالغة، فهي السبيل الشرعي الوحيد لتكوين أسرة أساسها المودة والرحمة والمحافظة على الأنساب، ومن أهم الحقوق المترتبة على الزواج هـي ثبوت نسب الأولاد الذين هم ثمرة الزوجية بين الزوجين، حيث يثبت نسب الولد من أمه بمجرد ولادته، في جميع الحالات دون توقف على شيء آخر، ومن غير حاجة إلى إثبات، سواء كانت الولادة من زواج صحيح ، أم من زواج فاسد، أم مـن غير زواج أصلا، كالسفاح والدخول بالمرأة بشبهة، وإذا ما ثبت نسب الولد من أبويه، فإنه تثبت لـه عليهما حقوق أخرى مثل حفظه، وتربيته، والقيام بكل ما يلزمه من رضاع، وحضانة، ونفقة، وتعليم وغير ذلك. مما هو في حاجة إليه؛ لأن الطفل بعد ولادته عاجز عجزا كليا، فهـو في حاجة إلى من يعتني به، وإلى من يقوم بكل ما يلزمه لحفظه وتغذيته وتربيته. ولما كان أبواه أقرب الناس إليه فهما أحق الناس وأولاهم بشؤونه وذلك مراعاة لمصلحة الولد.
الموطأ : المنهج والأحاديث
Authors: العسراوي عبد العزيز
Published: September 2023

وأين نرتب الموطأ؟، أنساير مرسلة ومنقطعة وبلاغات؟ أم نساير من ضعف أحاديث الموطأ فجعله في آخــر رتبة مع ما عرف عن الإمام مالك -رحمه الله - من تحر وانتقاء للرواة والشيوخ؟ أم السنن الأربعة أو قبلها أو بعدها؟ أم يجب علينا أن نؤمن أن كتاب مالك صحيح عنده وعند من يقلده على ما اقتضاه نظره من الاحتجاج بالمرسل والمنقطع وغيرهمـا ؟، وما طبيعة الأحاديث المرسلة والمنقطعة والبلاغات في الموطأ؟ أصحت بحيث لم يبق لأي مجادل أو باحث مجال للنقاش أو الجدال، أم هي ضعيفة حيث يعد المرسل مثلاً عند أهل الحديث صنفاً أهل الحديث صنفاً من أصناف الحديث الضعيف؟. هل روی مالك عن الرواة المبتدعة والضعفاء بشكل عام؟ لأن كل من قرأ عن تحري في الأخذ عن الرواة، وأنه لم يكن يأخذ عن كل أحد؛ سيظن أنه لم يرو عن أي راو ضعيف، والأمر في حاجة إلى تحقيق ودراسة، وهل يعد الموطأ كتاب فقه أو من في رتبة الصحيحين مع ما فيه من أحاديث مالك كتاب حديث؟.
تفسير سورة نوح - دراسة موضوعية
Authors: الشيخ خالد وداد محمد رياض
Published: September 2023

لقد شهدت الآونة الأخيرة ظهور التفسير الموضوعي، ولم يكن ظهوره إلا لتلبية احتياجات المسلمين الباحثين عن هويتهم في عصر العولمة، والمستنجدين بالقرآن الكريم ليقدم لهم الحلول لمشكلاتهم، من أجل ذلك كان هذا البحث دراسة موضوعية لسورة كريمة (سورة نوح) أسعى من خلال هذه الدراسة لتدبر آيــات السورة واستنباط موضوعها العام، وجزئياته المرتبطة، وفق دراسة منهجية تصل بنا إلى رؤية القرآن الكريم للموضوع، وإيجاد الحلول لمشاكل العالم الإسلامي المرتبطة به، أكرمني الله بالتوفيق وألهمني الرشد وجنبني الزلل والوهم والخطأ.
مركز الضبط وعلاقته بالتحصيل الدراسي لدى طلبة المركز العالي للمهن الشاملة بالخمس
Authors: أحليلي فتحية إمحمد علي
Published: September 2023

يعد موضوع الشخصية من أهم الموضوعات التي تعالجهـا فـروع علم النفس، وهي إحدى المحاور الأساسية التي تدور حولها البحوث المتعددة في ميادين علم النفس، ومن أكثر مفاهيم علم النفس تعقيداً، نظراً لأنها تشمل كافة الصفات الجسمية والعقلية والوجدانية، المتفاعلة مع بعضها داخل الفرد، ولهذا تعددت الآراء وتنوعت الاتجاهات والنظريات التي تناولت الشخصية من حيث طبيعتها، وعملياتها، وتطورها , ويعد مفهوم مركز الضبط من السمات الشخصية المتعلمة، التي تتعلق بعزو الفرد لسلوكه ونتائجه إلى قدراته وإمكاناته، وهذا ما يعرف بالضبط الداخلي، أو بعــزو سلوكه ونتائجه إلى ظروف خارجة عن إرادته، وهذا ما يعرف بالضبط الخارجي , ويعتبر مفهوم مركز الضبط من المفاهيم الهامة في دراسة الشخصية، فهو مفهـوم حديث نسبياً اشتق من نظرية التعلم الاجتماعي التي صاغها العــالـم جـولـيــان روتــر، ويــــد مركز الضبط من سمات الشخصية، والتي حظيت باهتمام الباحثين والدراسين في مجال التعلم الاجتماعي، ولاسيما في الآونة الأخيرة إذ تبين ما لهذه السمة من قدرة على التنبؤ بدوافع الفرد، وأدائه، وسلوكه في مواقف الحياة المتباينة العلمية منها والاجتماعية.
(إن) الشرطية في القرآن الكريم سورة البقرة أنموذجاً ، دراسة تركيبية تطبيقية
Authors: حسين سالم خليفة
Published: September 2023

أسلوب الشرط من الأساليب الشائعة في القرآن الكريم لاسيما المصدر بـ(إن)، مما يستدعي الانتباه لهذه التركيب وما يحمله من دلالات والمتتبع لما كتبه النحاة حول الجملة الشرطية يلاحظ اتساع الرؤى الفكرية في نوع الشرط وتركيبه وأسلوبه، فنجدهم قد أوردوا مصطلحات متعددة في الجملة الشرطية، منها: الجزاء، والشرط والمجازاة، وتعدد أيضاً المصطلح الذي يخص الجملة التي تلي أداة الشرط منها: الفعل الأول، والفعل، والشرط وجملة الشرط، والمقدم ، واستعمل مصطلح جواب الجـزاء، وجواب الفعل الأول، والآخر، والجزاء، والتالي في جملة جواب الشرط. وعــد بـعـض النـحــاة الجملة الشرطية قسماً من أقسام الجملة العربية وألحقها آخرون بالجملة الفعلية
مزالق المتصدين للفتوى في العصر الحديث
Authors: أبو شعيشع عبد الرازق درغام
Published: September 2023

قد أنزل الله القرآن الكريم على قلب النبي ل ليرسم للناس طريق الله رب العالمين، ويبين لهم الحلال من الحرام والهدى من الضلال ولكن الإنسان تقف أمامه أمور لا يستطيع أن يعرف حكمها الشرعي، فيلجأ إلى من يوضح له حكم الله فيها.
دعوى صحة ونفاذ عقد البيع
Authors: عشماوي سعيد سليمان
Published: September 2023

الملكية في الأموال المنقولة المعينة بالذات تنتقل ملكيتها من البائع إلى المشتري بمجرد تمام العقد والتسليم وفقا للمادة 204 من القانون المدني المصري(1)، أما الأموال المنقولة التي لا تعين إلا بالنوع فلا تنتقل فيها الملكية إلا بالفرز والتجنيب وفقا للمادة 1/205 من القانون المدني المصري (2) ، أما الملكية في الأموال العقاريــة فـلا تنتقـل ملكيتها من البائع إلى المشتري إلا بتسجيل عقد البيع في الشهر العقاري المادة 934 القانون المدني وكذلك مادة رقم 9 من قانون رقم 114 لسنة 1946 بشأن الشهر العقاري، والمعدل بالقانون رقم 25 لسنة 1976 والمــواد 2/4 و 26 و 32 السجل العيني رقم 142 لسنة 1964. (المادة رقم 1/21 من قانون رقم 12 لسنة 1988 مسيحي بشأن التسجيل العقاري الاشتراكي والتوثيق الليبي)
اعتراضات الزجاج النحوية على الفراء في معاني الحروف في كتابه معاني القرآن وإعرابه
Authors: خطاب فتحي حسن علي
Published: September 2023

يتناول هذا البحث اعتراضات الزجاج النحوية على الفراء في معاني الحروف - في كتابه معاني القرآن وإعرابه، وهما علمان من أعلام النحو، فالفراء: أبو زكريا يحيى بن زياد بن عبد الله بن منظور بن مروان الأسلمي الدليمي الكوفي، مولى بني أسد المعروف بالفراء. قيل أنه لقب بالفراء لأنه كان يفري الكلام فريا، وقيل لأنه كان يقطع الخصوم بالمسائل التي كان يعنت بها. ولد الفراء سنة أربع وأربعين ومائة هجرية بالكوفة في عهد أبي جعفر المنصور، ونشأ بها وقد أخذ عن الكسائي، وقيل إنه أخذ عـن يـونس بـن حبيـب البصري، وإنه كان يلازم كتاب سيبويه .
الفعل المضارع ودلالته الزمانية
Authors: أبو غنيمة إمحمد علي
Published: September 2023

النحو ليس قواعد ونظريات طبيعية توضع بالتجربة، وتحلل في معامل الاختبار ؛ ولكنه ملاحظة ما قاله العرب واتباع لما سار عليه معظمهم في النطق، ومحاولة تحليل ما سار على نمط واحد ، واطراد مجيئه على هيأة خاصة، وهـو مجموع القواعد التي وضعها اللغويون بعد استقرائهم كلام العرب، وتتبعهم لكل ما نطقوا به، ووضعهم لهذه القواعد كان من خلال النصوص النثرية والمتمثلة في أرقى الأساليب وهو الأسلوب القرآني، والنصوص الشعرية التي رويت عن شعرائهم وفصحائهم، فعملية جمع اللغة التي قام بها العرب في بداية عصر التدوين في فترة قصيرة جدا تعد إحدى معجزات العرب، وهـو مـا يؤكـد أيـضــا حرصهم على هذه اللغة، اعتقادا منهم بعظمتها وقدسيتها وتميزها عن غيرهـا مـن اللغات؛ لأنها لم تكن لتعبر عن مراد المتكلم بأساليب جامدة، بل هي لغة متحركة تتقلب تراكيبها بمقدار ما عند المتكلم من مخزون لغوي، وهذا ما جعل أساليبها متعددة، وتراكيبها متغيرة، ومن هذه التراكيب الفعل بأنواعه الثلاثة، وهو ركن مهــم في بناء التراكيب والأساليب العربية، واهتمام اللغويين بعمل الفعل لقوته وكثرة تصريفاته ألهتهم عن الدلالة الزمنية، فلم يعطوها حقها.