bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Da caatinga e dos catingueiros: ethé paratópicos no discurso literomusical de Elomar Figueira Mello
Authors: Andrade Lia Raquel Vieira de , De Araújo Juliana Geórgia Gonçalves
Published: January 2019

Propomos apresentar um breve estudo do discurso de Elomar Figueira Mello - compositor, intérprete e violonista, que tem como fonte de inspiração o espaço, a cultura e o povo do sertão – através da aplicação do conceito de paratopia na constituição dos ethé nas cenografias dos textos. Para tanto, apresentaremos a análise do plano textual de duas canções intituladas “O violeiro” e “Campo branco”, em que podem ser observados elementos que configuram o caráter paratópico da obra literomusical de Elomar. O objetivo principal do artigo consiste em verificar como a paratopia, observada no investimento ético do plano verbal das canções, é um dos fatores constitutivos na demarcação do posicionamento do compositor no campo literomusical brasileiro.
A inter-relação entre cenografia e et(h)os: Carmen – les racines d’un mythe, de Maingueneau
Authors: Souza-e-Silva Maria Cecília Pérez , Rocha Décio
Published: January 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo abordar o conceito de et(h)os por uma via singular, tomando-o como dispositivo construído em solidariedade com uma cenografia. Partindo-se da semântica global, compreendida como horizonte teórico delineado por D. Maingueneau (1984; 2008), centramos o presente debate em Carmen – les racines d’un mythe, obra não traduzida para o português, escrita à mesma época de Genèses du discours. O que pretendemos ao aproximar as duas obras é explicitar o quadro teórico construído em Genèses, em especial a cenografia e o et(h)os, como articuladores da leitura de Carmen a que procede o autor.
Se construire en tant qu’auteure de langue française. L’exemple d’Assia Djebar
Authors: Barthelmebs-Raguin Hélène
Published: January 2019

Les débats autour du statut d’auteure cristallisent actuellement les tensions; en témoignent notamment la vive polémique autour du substantif féminin auteure. Ces interrogations quant au statut des créatrices apparaissent d’autant plus fortes et virulentes quand elles s’attachent aux femmes appartenant aux littératures de langue française. Les accointances entre la situation des femmes et celles des auteurs de langue française sont nombreuses et se retrouvent notamment autour de la question de la légitimité. Sur une scène littéraire majoritairement dominée par des écrivains, hommes donc, blancs et occidentaux, écrire en français en tant que femmes étrangères relève d’une double gageure et entraîne un besoin de justification. Pour la présente réflexion, nous nous attacherons à l’oeuvre d’Assia Djebar, première écrivaine de langue française à avoir rejoint l’Académie française en 2005. Polymorphe, son oeuvre, tant littéraire que filmique, tend à revenir sans cesse, tel un leitmotiv, sur son auctorialité, construisant ainsi sa propre représentation et l’image de soi (AMOSSY, 2010). C’est en cela que l’ethos de l’écrivaine participe d’une mise en scène tout à fait particulière, qui relève à la fois de la littérature féminine et de la littérature postcoloniale. *** Construir-se como autora de língua francesa. O exemplo de Assia Djebar ***Os debates que envolvem o status de autora atualmente cristalizam as tensões, o que testemunha em particular a polêmica viva em torno do substantivo feminino autora. Essas questões sobre o status das mulheres criadoras parecem ainda mais fortes e mais ativas quando se trata de mulheres pertencentes às literaturas em língua francesa. As conexões entre a situação das mulheres e as dos autores francófonos são numerosas e concentram-se particularmente no que diz respeito à questão da legitimidade. Numa cena literária predominantemente dominada por escritores, homens, sobretudo brancos e ocidentais, escrever em francês como mulheres estrangeiras constitui um duplo desafio e implica uma necessidade de justificação. Para a presente reflexão, nos concentraremos no trabalho de Assia Djebar, primeira escritora de língua francesa a ingressar na Academia Francesa em 2005. Polimorfa, sua obra, tanto literária quanto fílmica, tende a retornar incessantemente, como um leitmotiv, por sua autoria, construindo assim sua própria representação e imagem de si (AMOSSY, 2010). É nisto que o ethos de escritora participa de uma encenação muito particular, que é ao mesmo tempo da literatura feminina e da literatura pós-colonial.Palavras-chave: Assia Djebar; literatura pós-colonial; escrita feminina; comprometimento; voz.
Propuesta para la identificación de grupos de interés y sus legítimas demandas desde los derechos humanos en pymes de México
Authors: Amézquita Zamora Juan Alberto , Vázquez Parra José Carlos , Arredondo Trapero Florina Guadalupe
Published: January 2019

Uno de los mayores retos de las empresas contemporáneas es ser productivas y competentes, pero a su vez, responder a las demandas legítimas que la sociedad y sus grupos de interés les exigen. Si bien la protección y no violentación de los derechos humanos se constituye en una de estas obligaciones sociales, con base en parámetros del Pacto Mundial y los Principios Rectores para la Empresas y los Derechos Humanos, el ser respetuoso no es suficiente. El presente artículo busca responder a esta situación, al plantear la necesidad de adoptar un modelo de identificación de los grupos de interés desde una perspectiva de derechos humanos que apueste a una mejor integración de las necesidades y demandas de estos grupos, para la adopción de acciones que no solo respeten, sino que también promuevan y busquen el desarrollo de los derechos de los grupos de interés. La relevancia de esta propuesta se argumenta en el análisis de datos arrojados por los reportes de pymes mexicanas firmantes del Pacto Mundial, con base en los reportes de progreso que dichas organizaciones han realizado a partir de su adhesión al pacto.
Colaborative learning environment (CLE) en la asignatura de Fundamentos de gestión empresarial con la aplicación de m-learning y assessment feedback/feedforward mediante pares y sistemas de autorización presencial y virtual
Authors: Martín Gómez Sonia , Masa Lorenzo Cristina
Published: January 2019

Los cambios originados hace unos años con el Proceso de Bolonia y el establecimiento del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (eees) para lograr la convergencia y la comparabilidad en los sistemas educativos requieren introducir modificaciones en el proceso de aprendizaje tradicional. En este estudio se analiza cómo introducir esos cambios en la asignatura básica de Fundamentos de gestión empresarial, la cual se imparte en las facultades de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, aplicado al caso de la Universidad San Pablo-ceu. Para esto, se propone la creación de entornos colaborativos de aprendizaje (collaborative learning environment-cle), con la utilización para su desarrollo del aprendizaje colaborativo basado en problemas, mediante el uso de redes sociales a través de dispositivos móviles distintos (m-learning), y con la realización de feedback a fin de mejorar el aprendizaje entre los propios estudiantes y con el profesor a través de tutorías, bien sean presenciales o bien virtuales. Se trata de crear un entorno que incluya todos aquellos recursos que ayudan al alumno a buscar y organizar información y conocimiento. Estos recursos, que se pueden compartir con grupos de trabajo, en nuestro caso serán fundamentalmente redes sociales, dispositivos móviles y la plataforma virtual de la universidad a través de la cuál puede gestionarse y llevarse a cabo el proceso de formación. El curso funciona en dicha plataforma como un entorno exclusivo que contiene, entre otros medios, un sistema de mensajería interna y otro de foros, diseñados con el propósito de llevar a cabo tutorías individuales y colectivas.
La necesidad de la neuroética en la investigación de mercados. Estudio del Código de Ética de la Neuromarketing Science and Business Association
Authors: Corona Cabrera Violeta
Published: January 2019

La contribución que las neurociencias han hecho para construir un conocimiento profundo en aspectos fundamentales del ser humano es incuestionable. Al contar con un mayor entendimiento del nivel neurofisiológico del hombre, hemos podido también deducir el origen de las percepciones, las emociones y, consecuentemente, de la conducta. Entender las motivaciones propias de determinado comportamiento ha representado para la investigación de mercados obtener insights implícitos, lo cual es un enorme avance en comparación con las metodologías tradicionales que únicamente permiten tener una visión explícita de los sujetos de estudio. Si bien los aportes de las neurociencias son abundantes, es necesario regular qué se puede hacer en relación con qué se debe hacer. Este artículo trata de la ética de la neurociencia en procesos comerciales, entendida como un marco ético que permite regular la investigación neurocientífica vinculada al marketing. Se parte de conceptos epistemológicos y antropológicos básicos para, posteriormente, examinar el código de ética de la Neuromarketing Science and Business Association, organismo que agrupa al mayor número de profesionales de investigación neurocientífica aplicada al marketing. Con esto se pretende poner de manifiesto la necesidad de complementar este marco regulatorio con principios de ética universales.
Un enfoque estratégico de la motivación laboral y la satisfacción laboral
Authors: Revuelto-Taboada Lorenzo
Published: January 2019

La literatura especializada nos ha mostrado durante décadas la importancia capital que tiene para las organizaciones contar con unos trabajadores motivados y suficientemente satisfechos o, cuanto menos, no insatisfechos con su trabajo. Ello exige, por un lado, adoptar una perspectiva estratégica, que implica dinamismo, anticipación y capacidad para adaptarse a los cambios en el contexto organizativo y en las personas, sus valores, sus necesidades y sus prioridades. Es necesario que las organizaciones se replanteen continuamente qué pueden hacer para atraer, retener y motivar a las personas que necesitan (mientras las necesitan), para lograr sus objetivos en un contexto dinámico. Por otro lado, dadas las evidentes interrelaciones que existen entre las distintas políticas y prácticas de recursos humanos. es necesario adoptar un planteamiento integral y sistemático en lo que se refiere a la dirección de recursos humanos, en general, y a la motivación en particular. El presente trabajo comienza repasando algunos datos reveladores sobre el deterioro de la relación empleados-organización, analizar el contexto de la misma poniendo énfasis en algunas de las posibles causas de este deterioro. Posteriormente analiza la motivación como función y proceso para abordar, posteriormente, algunas posibilidades interesantes de intervención, desde una perspectiva sistémica y estratégica.
POWER ANALYSIS OF THE CRUSHING PROCESS IN A CONE CRUSHER
Authors: Sakharov D. F. , Vitushkin А. V.
Published: January 2019

The literature devoted to cone crushers design and research of  its  crushing  process  is  generally  based  on  empirical  observations,  therefore it is commonly considered that material is crushed under  the  influence  of  squeezing  forces  exclusively.  Above  mentioned  liter  ature, in turn, theoretical base forms for crushing units design.  Based on common understanding, variety of designs of cone crushing  machines  existing  today  is  characterized  by  integrity  of  principles of their work. Majority of theoretical works devoted to cone  crushers are focused on such characteristics as efficiency, extent of  crushing, increase in percent of useful fraction in ultimate product,  or  on  operational  parameters  of  separate  structural  elements  such  as lining armor resistance, increase in endurance of supporting and  power nodes, etc. To increase those characteristics crushing cameras with irregular shape of lining armor are designed, design of an  active  crushing  member  combines  elements  of  active  members  of other crushing machines (roll, cheek crushers). However effectiveness of kinematics of active member movement is considered only  from  the  point  of  view  of  squeezing  forces  generation  in  crushed  material  and  minimization  of  its  slide  against  it.  The  uppermost  ener gy brought to any crushing machines is spent on loa ding destroying crushed material. Authors of this article consider that under  particular  circumstances  such  work  conditions  can  be  provided  in  cone crushers under which energy efficiency of materials crushing  process will increase considerably. One of such conditions is creation  of  multi-axial  stress  in  crushed  material.  Some  reference  designs of cone crushers are considered in the article as well as range  of  their  app lication.  Mechanism  of  multi-axial  stress  generation  in  crushed  material  promoting  decrease  in  energy  consumption  of  crashing  process  is  described.  Recommendations  on  development  of  operating  conditions  of  crushing  machine  creating  multi-axial  stress in crushed material are provided.
STATE OF THE ISSUE OF THE POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM'S RELIABILITY
Authors: Shpiganovich A. N. , Shpiganovich A. A. , Zatsepina V. I. , Zatsepin E. P.
Published: January 2019

The electric power system of the Russian Federation was most developed in the 80-90s of the last century, after which there was an almost twofold decline in the generation and transmission of  electrical energy in the system with subsequent growth. The main  problem of fuel and energy complexes is the progressive aging of  fixed production assets in conditions of increasing energy  consumption requirements, which is a source of increased risk of  major accidents. In this case, negative disturbances can arise both in the system itself and be external to it and can lead not only to a low  quality of electrical energy but also to interruptions in power supply.  The studies carried out to date are devoted to a quantitative  assessment of the reliability of power supply systems and their  equipment and do not take into account the effects of electrical equipment failures on the characteristics of production processes and the operation of technological machines. To consider the reliability of power supply systems in isolation from the operation of other systems (technological, relay protection, automation, ventilation, dewatering, etc.) means not to use the whole range of measures  aimed at improving the reliability of electricity supply, as a result it is impossible to ensure the optimum level of reliability of electricity  supply. Reliability of the power supply system must be evaluated taking into account the interaction of electrical equipment with the  equipment of all production systems. The problem of increasing the  efficiency of the functioning of industrial enterprises by optimizing  the parameters of the reliability of power supply systems is topical and of great economic importance.
INITIAL DATA FOR ANALYSIS OF ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEM THE INTERCONNECTED STANDS
Authors: Borysenko V. F. , Sydorov V. A. , Zemliansky A. I.
Published: January 2019

For continuous rolling mills one of the most important technical issues is to configure the speed interrelated stands line. The basic law when setting speed rolling of the group of sequentially connected mill stands is the constancy of the volume of rolled metal S1*V1=S2*V2=S3*V3=...=SiVi . Setting the desired coherent frequencies of rotation of the rolls carried by the mill operator with the drive control specific panel. The electric drive system driven Converter (TP) – DC motor (D) with independent excitation allows operation in two zones (nн>n>n0), which gives the possibility of rapid adjustment of speed of rolling, in violation of the law of constancy of volume rolled. Construction properties of different groups of stands (roughing, intermediate, finishing) can have a considerable effect on the dynamic interaction and, as a consequence, loads on the interconnected Electromechanical systems stands. To assess the interaction of Electromechanical systems of interconnected mill stands it is recommended to first conduct a research on mathematical models to identify the most loaded units with their further study on a real mill using the methods of thermal and vibration field.
Blockchain en Educació - recensió
Authors: Lindin Carles
Published: January 2019

Blockchain en Educaciónés una col·lecció de textos dels investigadors més importants sobre el tema de tot el món, que explica què és i para què s'està utilitzant la tecnologia Blockchain en l’àmbit educatiu. Com altres llibres de la col·lecció Transmedia XXI, es pot descarregar gratuïtament, si bé també és possible adquirir-lo en paper
MRI pilot v2
Authors: Snoek Lukas , Beemsterboer Tinka
Published: January 2019

Run an MRI pilot at Spinoza REC. This protocol will help you running your pilot.Make sure to read this protocol before coming to the pilot so you know what is expected ofyou and which choices you will be going to make.
Monthly Quality Control v2
Authors: Snoek Lukas , Scholte H.steven , Beemsterboer Tinka
Published: January 2019

The monthly quality control is a more extensive quality check of our 3T MRI system but also the other computers in the operator room. The monthly quality control consists of the following components: Virus scan on scan-computer Moving eyetracker-files from DOS to Windows desktop Calibration of scanner (Philips protocol) 32 channel SNR test
Engineering mit cyber-physischen Systemen
Authors: Scheifele Stefan , Verl Alexander , Riedel Oliver
Published: January 2019

Der heutige Maschinen- und Anlagenbau setzt auf ein mechatronisches Engineering, um Maschinen und Anlagen wirtschaftlich anbieten zu können. Der Markt verlangt jedoch zunehmend danach, bestehende Anlagen über ihre gesamte Lebensdauer hinweg auf dem aktuellen Stand der Technik halten zu können. Dies kann z.B. durch Umrüstung auf neue Fertigungstechnologien geschehen. Mit dem aktuellen Stand der Technik ist dies heute jedoch nicht wirtschaftlich möglich. In diesem Beitrag wird dargestellt, wie der mechatronische Maschinenbau zu einem Engineering mit cyber-physischen Systemen (CPS) weiterentwickelt werden kann. Außerdem wird gezeigt, wie sich das Engineering von Werkzeugmaschinen und Fertigungssystemen in Zukunft verändern wird und welche Konzepte realisierbar sind.
Einplatinenrechner als Simulationsplattform
Authors: Härle Christian , Barth Mike , Fay Alexander
Published: January 2019

Simulationen sind bereits ein wichtiger Bestandteil im Engineering von Automatisierungssystemen. Zunehmend aufkommende Anwendungsfälle, wie beispielsweise höherwertige Optimierungen oder neue Dienstleistungen in Kombination mit prädiktiven Logiken, erfordern Simulationen als Teil der betriebenen Maschine oder Anlage. Aktuelle Simulationsanwendungen nutzen zentrale Simulationsarchitekturen oder integrieren Simulationsarbeitsplätze. Dieser Beitrag schlägt ein Konzept sowie eine prototypische Implementierung für die dezentrale Simulation von physikalischen Systemen oder Prozessen im Feld vor. Simulationsmodelle werden auf Einplatinenrechnern (engl. Single-board computer, SBC) ausgeführt, die einen neuen Teil der Maschinenautomationssysteme bilden. Zur Bewertung des Konzepts werden die Ergebnisse von state-of-the-art Simulations-Benchmarks aufgezeigt. Ziel ist die Validierung der Einsatztauglichkeit von SBCs für maschineninterne Echtzeitsimulationen.
Surgical resection of fourth ventricular tumors. Comparison of the efficiency and safety of telovelar and median aperture approaches to the fourth ventricle
Authors: Babichev K. N. , Stanishevskiy A. V. , Svistov D. V. , Averyanov D. A. , Lаkotko R. S.
Published: January 2019

The study objective is to compare the efficacy and safety of the fourth ventricle tumor removal using median (through the median aperture) or telovelar approach.

Materials and methods. The analysis included 41 patients with space-occupying lesion of the fourth ventricle operated in the Neurosurgery Clinic of S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy in 2007–2018. The anatomical characteristics (size and extension) and manifestations of the fourth ventricle tumors, as well as surgical factors (surgical approach to the fourth ventricle) which affect the functional outcome of the treatment were estimated. Complications associated with the approach were assessed clinically using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Logistic regression and ROC analysis were used to analyze the anatomical factors and extent of resection as predictors that affect the worsening of gait disturbance, speech/swallowing deficits in the postoperative period.

Results. The analysis revealed main advantages of the median approach in comparison to the telovelar approach: a lower frequency of C laminectomy; no need for prolonged constant tonsillar retraction; a shorter surgery duration and lower number of ischemic changes in the surgical area, caused by approach. Meanwhile the telovelar approach was used to remove lesions bigger in size. Other factors, such as tumor extension, the need to preliminary insertion of an external ventricular drain, the frequency of postoperative complications, the extent of resection and the functional outcomes did not differ significantly between the approaches. Lesion size ≥37.5 mm is a significant prognostic factor for speech/swallowing deficits after the surgery with sensitivity of 86 % and specificity of 84 %.

Conclusion. Median aperture approach is a reasonable alternative to telovelar or transvermian approaches in the surgery of small fourth ventricle tumors (<30 mm). The median approach allows to reduce the surgical injury rate and the likelihood of postoperative complications. If a lesion has a size ≥37.5 mm, an increase speech/swallowing deficits should be expected.
Dynamics of quality of life of head and neck cancer patients after treatment. Clinical significance
Authors: Karpenko A. V. , Sibgatullin R. R. , Boyko A. A. , Kostova M. G. , Nikolayeva O. M. , Trunin E. M.
Published: January 2019

The study objective is to evaluate the quality of life as one of the main parameters that determines the effectiveness of treatment of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Materials and methods. Thirty-three stage III—IV oral cancer patients aged between 39 and 70 years were asked to fill EORTC QLQ-C30 (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life questionnaire core 30-questions) and QLQ-H&N35 (head and neck cancer-specific module) before and 12—18 months after completion of the treatment that consisted of surgery followed by radiation with or without chemotherapy. Surgery included neck dissection with removal of the primary tumor via transoral (n = 5) or combined (n = 28) approach. Reconstruction was performed by primary closure (n = 5), with pedicled (n = 8) or free (n = 20) flaps.

Results. According to EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire only positive shifts turned out to be statistically significant: general health, emotional function, pain, insomnia and diarrhea. Site-specific EORTC QLQ-H&N35 questionnaire revealed several positive (pain in the head and neck, feeling ill, use of painkillers and weight gain) and negative (public eating, problems with taste and smell, sticky saliva and dry mouth) changes. Applying algorithms for determining clinical significance changed the number and value of several scales and domains. Changes in general health, emotional function, pain, insomnia, pain in the head and neck, taste and smell disorders, mouth opening, sticky saliva, dry mouth, painkillers and weight gain were found to have some clinical relevance. Moreover, for one of them (mouth opening) statistical significance was not reached.

Conclusions. Further research of clinical significance of changes and differences in scales and domains that determine and affect quality of life are needed. They will allow to understand more fully problems that every patient with oral cavity cancer tries to cope with.
Acneiform rash — skin toxic reaction to the use of EGFR inhibitors
Authors: Shatokhina E. A. , Kruglova L. S.
Published: January 2019

Introduction.Inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor cause the heavy dermatological adverse events, which can be the cause of change of the scheme of treatment. Acneiform rash is connected with specific inflammation of hair follicles, its weight depends on a dose of medicine and correlates with the best response to therapy at various options of tumors, in this regard effective correction of this side effect is of particular importance.

Materials and methods. There were 32 patients with acneiform rash for observation; they have been divided into 3 groups. All patients received system antibacterial therapy: doxycycline 100 mg 2 times a day 10 days and topical medicines for external therapy, various on the action mechanism (tacrolimus, metronidazole, betamethasone valerate in a combination with fusidic acid). Acne Dermatology Index and Dermatology Life Quality Index were used for assessment. The received results were assesed on each visit of the patient, the final point of observations was in 3 months.

Results.The significant regression of rash in all groups was in the 1st week when patients accepted doxycycline per os. Further the weakest response to therapy has shown cream with tacrolimus, the patients using gel with metronidazole has shown bigger effect, the fastest regress of Acne Dermatology Index and Dermatology Life Quality Index was observed in the patients used the combined cream with betamethasone and fusidic acid.

Conclusions.The antibacterial therapy by doxycycline 100 mg 2 times a day per os at early stages of development of acneiform rash at the I—II severity gives the expressed effect and prevents deterioration of the .skin process. The combined therapy of acneiform rash of the I—II degree including doxycycline with topical cream containing a betamethasone valerate 0.1 % and fusidic acid 20 % renders the fastest and expressed effect in comparison with other combinations: the doxycycline and cream containing tacrolimus; the doxycycline and gel containing metronidazole.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: pathogenetic mechanisms and new approaches to pharmacotherapy (literature review)
Authors: Alekseeva T. M. , Stuchevskaya T. R. , Demeshonok V. S.
Published: January 2019

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a neurodegenerative disease, resulting in the loss of self-service and death of the middle-aged and elderly people. In the last 2 decades, significant progress has been made in the study of the pathogenesis of this disease. Two known drugs (riluzole and edaravone) have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The efficacy of these drugs is extremely low, so clinical trials of new drugs are ongoing all over the world. This review discusses the current achievements and future directions of therapy of this disease.
Cardiofaciocutaneus syndrome: literature review and case report
Authors: Umnov V. V. , Nikitina N. V. , Khodorovskaya A. M. , Barlova O. V.
Published: January 2019

The cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome is a condition of sporadic occurrence, with patients showing multiple congenital anomalies and mental retardation. The syndrome is caused by molecular disturbances in the RAS/MAPK pathway. We report on the girl, 9 year-old, with the cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome presenting with typical craniofacial appearance, heart defects, ectodermal abnormalities, neglected orthopedic pathology, developmental delay and spasticity, which rare in this syndrome.
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN THE RISK PROFILE OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN THE GENERAL POPULATION WITH FAMILY STRESS IN RUSSIA/SIBERIA (WHO MONICA-PSYCHOSOCIAL PROGRAM)
Authors: Gromova E. A. , Gagulin I. V. , Gafarova A. V. , Panov D. O. , Gafarov V. V.
Published: January 2019

Aim.To identify the impact of gender differences in family stress on the risk profle of arterial hypertension (AH) in the general population aged 25–64 years in Russia / Siberia.

Methods.A random representative sample of the Novosibirsk population of both sexes aged 25–64 (men: n = 657, 44.3±0.4 years, response rate – 82.1%; women: n = 689, 45.4±0.4 years, response rate ‒ 72.5%) was screened in the WHO “MONICApsychosocial program” in 1994. The screening program included the collection of social and demographic data and assessment of family stress. 229 new cases of arterial hypertension in women and 46 cases in men have been determined within the 16-year follow-up.

Results.Men (31.5%) had higher level of family stress in the general population aged 25–64, than women (20.9%). In the 16-year period, the risk of hypertension was higher in men (HR = 2.24) than women (HR = 1.39) exposed to family stress. After the adjustment to the social status and age, the risk of developing hypertension remained higher in men than in women (RR = 1.9 vs. HR = 1.37, respectively). Divorced and widowed men had the highest risk of arterial hypertension compared to women aged 45–54 years (HR = 12.7 vs. HR = 10.6 vs. HR = 2.86, respectively).

Conclusion.Family stress is more common in men than in women. Risk of arterial hypertension is higher in men than in women who experienced family stress.
SCREENING IN CARDIOLOGY
Authors: Samorodskaya I. V.
Published: January 2019

The organization of screening is a complex and expensive process. Many countries have implemented and continue to implement various health screening programs in the population groups. However, there is a process of refusing to screen certain diseases. In cardiology, some screening strategies are integrated in the national programs aimed at identifying risk factors and preventing chronic non-communicable diseases. None of the countries have established the screening of the entire population for all known cardiovascular diseases (CVD) using all known diagnostic methods. The decision to screen individuals for CVDs / risk factors within the opportunistic screening in the target populations in different countries varies, since it depends on many factors. The article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of screening for CVD, presents current guidelines from professional communities and national services of the United States of America, Great Britain, and Canada.
Population aging is characteristic component of modern demographic processes
Authors: Podluzhnaya M. Ya. , Voronova E. A. , Isaeva N. V. , Rudakova E. A.
Published: January 2019

Aim. To analyze the demographic indices in connection with aging of the population in Perm Krai and the Russian Federation and as a result – to single out problems and ways of solution.

Materials and methods. Calculation and dynamic analysis of reproduction of the population in Perm Krai and the Russian Federation over the period of 2005 – 2017 was performed using official statistic data in connection with gender-and-age-specific characterization of the population.

Results. The processes of aging of the population were estimated from demographic positions. Socioeconomic problems, associated with them, were singled out, the ways of their solving were determined in accordance with national projects regarding health and health care.

Conclusions. At the expense of growing index of expected average life, decrease in fertility and birth rate there is observed accumulation of older age groups of the population, i.e. process of aging. It, naturally, results in growth of chronic pathology, mortality not only in the older age periods but also in the able-bodied part of the population, thus, reducing working potential.
Mortality Rates and Excess Death Rates for the Seriously Mentally Ill
Authors: Reynolds Robert J , Day Steven M , Shafer Alan , Becker Emilie
Published: January 2019

Objectives.—To compute mortality rates and excess death rates for patients with serious mental illness, specific to categories of gender, age and race/ethnicity.

Background.—People with serious mental illness are known to be at greatly increased risk of mortality across the lifespan. However, the measures of mortality reported for this high-risk population are typically only summary measures, which do not provide either the mortality rates or excess death rates needed to construct life tables for individuals with serious mental illness.

Methods.—Mortality rates were computed by dividing the number of deaths by the amount of life-years lived in strata specific to gender, age and race/ethnicity. Age-specific excess death rates were determined as the difference between the study population rate and the corresponding general population rate in each stratum. To compute excess death rates beyond observed ages in the cohort, a method with documented reliability and validity for chronic medical conditions was used.

Results.—For the cohort with mental illness, mortality rates for Black and White females were mostly equal, and consistently greater than those for Hispanic females; excess death rates for females displayed a similar pattern. Among males, mortality rates were highest for Whites, with Hispanics and Blacks close in magnitude at all ages. Excess death rates for males showed more divergence between the categories of race/ethnicity across the age range.

Conclusions.—Mortality rates specific to categories of gender, age and race/ethnicity show sufficient differences as to make them the preferred way to construct life tables. This is especially true in contrast to broader summary measures such as risk ratios, standardized incidence rates, or life expectancy.
Fitness and Musical Taste: Do Physically Fit Listeners Prefer More Stressful Music?
Authors: Warrenburg Lindsay , Huron David
Published: January 2019

Research suggests that person-based dispositional factors, as well as properties of the music, influence a person's musical taste. In this study, we examined the possibility that the interaction between the stressfulness of the music and a listener's capacity for handling stress contributes to that listener's musical preferences. The key prediction relating fitness to musical preference is that the stressfulness of the music should tend to reflect the person's capacity for handling stress, including his or her physical fitness. The study method made use of an online questionnaire to assess physical fitness, impulsivity and sensation-seeking tendencies, and musical preferences. To create an independent index for estimating musical stressfulness, a parallel study was conducted, where an independent group of judges assessed the stressfulness of the music identified by participants in the main study. The stressfulness of the music was predicted using the survey-based dispositional factors in two regression models, where sex, current age, education, current fitness, and age at the time of musical preference were found to predict the stressfulness of the preferred music. The results suggest that males, younger participants, people with fewer years of education, and those who are more physically fit tend to prefer more stressful music.
Commentary on Canonne (2018): Listening to Improvisation
Authors: Anglada-Tort Manuel
Published: January 2019

The target study explores whether evaluations of the same piece of music differ under two distinct listening conditions: listening to a piece described either as an improvisation or as a preexisting composition. Participants (N = 16) in the two conditions listened to the same musical piece and provided verbal evaluative judgements. The author used a grounded theory approach to analyze listeners' responses, reporting different listening experiences in the two groups. The findings provide unique insights to enable a greater understanding of the nature of the aesthetics of improvisation. In this commentary, I first discuss the strengths of the article, followed by methodological considerations and suggestions for future research. I then present a short literature review and discussion of what I consider the most relevant topic in relation to this study, namely, the effects of contextual information on subjective evaluations.
Down-regulation of PINCH-1 Reduces Expression of EGFR, ERK1/2 and c-Myc, and Leads to Loss of Cell Viability in Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Holmlund Birgitta , Holmqvist Annica
Published: January 2019

Particularly interesting new cysteine-histidine rich protein (PINCH) is related to poor outcome in colorectal cancers. Here, the relationship between PINCH-1 and cell survival in colon cancer cells was analyzed and the signaling pathways regulated by PINCH-1 by using PINCH-1 siRNA. KM12C cells were treated with PINCH-1 siRNA or control siRNA. Cell number was analyzed by crystal violet staining and caspase-3 activity was assessed using a fluorescent substrate. PINCH-1 extra- and intracellular pathways in KM12C cells were investigated, using phospho-kinase/phospho-receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) antibody arrays. The expression of c-Myc was evaluated by Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western blot analysis. Cell number was significantly decreased (P=0.003) and the caspase-3 activity increased (P=0.019) in PINCH-1 depleted KM12C cultures compared to siRNA cultures. In PINCH-1 silenced KM12C cells, the levels of EGFR and ERK1/2 were significantly decreased (P=0.008, P=0.003, respectively) compared to their controls, as were the c-Myc mRNA and protein expressions (P=0.0073, P=0.0002, respectively). Down-regulation of PINCH-1 reduced the cell survival and lowers the levels of EGFR, ERK1/2 and c-Myc in colon cancer cells. PINCH-1 is essential for cell survival, and may be a future target for anticancer therapy.Â
Hepatic and Systemic Effect of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Severity in Obese and Non-Obese Indian Patients
Authors: Nayak Baibaswata , Nongthombam Suraj Kumar , Roy Neelanjana , Nadda Neeti , Mondol Krishnendu , Kumar Virendra , Das Prasenjit , Vanamail Perumal , Shalimar Dr , Acharya Subrat Kumar
Published: January 2019

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now predominant globally due to increased sedentary lifestyle and obesity. Recently, high prevalence of NAFLD also has been documented in non-obese individuals with increased risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The systemic and hepatic manifestations of NAFLD severity in obese and non-obese Indian patients are not clear.Methods: The clinically diagnosed NAFLD patients (n=54, non-obese and obese) were assessed for liver injury and hepatic fat content by histopathology, Fibroscan and MRS. Liver biopsy and hepatic venous sampling were performed by trans-jugular approach and mRNA expression was assessed by real-time PCR.Result: High liver fat content (LFC, 20. 4 ± 10. 4%, 16 ± 11. 5% and 9. 34 ± 15. 4%) and increased abdominal obesity (WHR, 1. 03 ± 0. 06, 0. 97 ± 0. 05 and 0. 93 ± 0. 06) was observed in both obese and non-obese NAFLD patients as compare to disease control. Histopathological examination of liver indicated increased fibrosis (grade ≥ 1) in both obese (76%) and non-obese (64%) group. Significant increased levels of LBP, MDA and adipokines levels (p < 0. 001) were observed in hepatic and systemic circulation of obese and non-obese groups than healthy and diseased controls. A positive correlation of biomarkers for liver injury was found between hepatic and systemic circulation. Hepatic gene expression of adipokines and cytokines also corroborated this trend among groups.Conclusion: The extent of liver injury is quite high in both non-obese and obese NAFLD patients. The drivers of injury in these patients are due to hepatic fat and SIBO induced endotoxin mediated up-regulation of proinflammatory adipocytokines and oxidant stress in liver.
Is Budd–Chiari Syndrome Associated to Alcoholic Related Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Cao Ruijie , Guo Zhanjun , Wu Jianhua , Wu Chensi , Zhao Yue , Wang Na
Published: January 2019

Introduction and aim: The Budd-Chiari Syndrome (BCS) is redefined as hepatic vein outflow tract obstruction with a very low incidence. We aim to analyze the etiology and clinical character of BCS in Hebei area of North China.Material and methods: The diagnosis of BCS and alcoholic related liver cirrhosis (Alcohol-LC) are according to the guidelines of American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD), while the diagnosis of hepatitis B virus related liver cirrhosis (HBV-LC) is according to the guidelines of European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL). BCS patients including inferior vena cava block (IVC), hepatic vein block (HV) and inferior vena cava combining with hepatic vein block (IVC/HV) are involved in this analysis.Results: The subtype’s distributions of this disease are more frequent for IVC patients compared with HV and IVC/ HV patients. The subsequent analysis shows that the incidence of BCS is more predisposed to Alcohol-LC than HBV-LC (p < 0.001).Conclusion: BCS seem to be associated with Alcohol-LC compared with that of HBV-LC.
Acid-Base Control and Osteoporosis: A Review
Authors: Barzel Uriel S
Published: January 2019

Bone functions as a store of alkali buffer, and is consumed over time if the organism is continually exposed to an acid-producing diet. This may result in osteoporosis. Alkali therapy may protect the bone, and may prevent the development of osteoporosis.
Kinetic Studies of Hydrodeoxygenation of Ethyl Ester of Decane Acid over a Ni-Cu-Mo/Al2O3 Catalyst
Authors: Kukushkin R. G. , Reshetnikov S. I. , Zavarukhin S. G. , Eletskiy P. M. , Yakovlev V. A.
Published: January 2019

Nickel-based catalysts for hydrodeoxygenation of vegetable oils are an alternative to the systems based on noble metals and sulfide catalysts for hydrotreatment. Modification of the nickel catalysts with molybdenum and copper allows the yield of target products to be increased and the corrosion resistance of the catalytic system to be improved. The studies were aimed at establishing relationships between temperature, contact time and activity of the modified nickel-containing catalyst to hydroxygenation of esters of fatty carboxylic acids, as well as at determining effective kinetic parameters of the reactant consumption. A flow reactor with the fixed catalyst bed was used for experimental studies at РН2 = 0.25 MPa, temperatures 270, 285, 300 and 315 °C, contact time varied from 600 to 1800 s. It was shown that the selectivity to the main reaction products – nonane and decane – did not change upon varying the reaction temperature and contact time. The experimental data were used for determining the effective rate constants and activation energy of the reaction.
Studies of the Influence of Promoting the Ni/Al2O3 Catalyst with Copper on the Activity to Hydrotreatment of Esters
Authors: Kukushkin R. G. , Eletskiy P. M. , Bulavchenko O. A. , Saraev A. A. , Yakovlev V. A.
Published: January 2019

The influence of the composition of the active component of copper-doped nickel catalysts on the activity and selectivity to hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of model vegetable oils (esters) to eliminate oxygen and produce alkanes was studied. The Ni/Al2O3 andNi-Cu/Al2O3 catalysts were shown to be active to this process. They catalyzed HDO of a mixture of methyl ester of hexadecane acid and ethyl ester of decane acid to produce C6–C16 alkanes and oxygen-containing compounds, methane and ethane being detected in the gas phase. A decrease in the Ni/Cu ratio in the catalyst led to a decrease in the ester conversion and in the catalyst activity to hydrogenolysis of C–C bonds. Hence, the introduction of copper may favor preservation of the carbon skeleton of HDO-produced alkanes and a decrease in the methane yield. XRD studies revealed the formation of solid solutions Ni1–xCux upon addition of copper to the Ni/Al2O3 catalyst. From XPS data, an increase in the copper proportion in the Ni-Cu/Al2O3 catalyst resulted in a decrease in the Ni/Cu ration on the catalyst surface.
The Structure and Stability of the Mg-HZSM-5/Al2O3 Catalyst for Synthesis of Olefins from DME: The Influence of Thermal and Hydrothermal Treatment
Authors: Afokin M. I. , Davydov I. A. , Galanova E. G. , Magomedova M. V.
Published: January 2019

The studies were focused on changes in the structure, texture and acid properties of the Mg-HZSM-5/Al2O3catalyst upon its treatment at different temperatures (400 and 500 °С) and times (6 and 12 h). Physicochemical techniques such as X-ray fluorescence analysis, XPS, solid-state27Al NMR, nitrogen adsorption, DRIFT spectroscopy, ammonia TPD were used for sample characterization. The catalytic activitites of the initial and treated samples were studied regarding conversion of dimethyl ether (DME) to lower olefins. It was shown that the initial activity of the Mg-containing zeolite catalyst was dependent of the total acidity of the surface and independent of the initial strength distribution of the acid sites, and the catalyst stability depended on the morphology.
Scarcely an Immaculate Conception: New Professionalism Encounters Old Politics in the Formation of the Australian National History Curriculum
Authors: Taylor Tony
Published: January 2019

This paper deals with the political and educational background to the formation of the Australian national history curriculum first under the auspices of a newly-formed National Curriculum Board (2008-2009) and then under the auspices of the Australian Curriculum and Assessment Authority
(2008-date) during the period 2008-2010. The author describes and analyses the political and educational circumstances that have led to interventions in the curriculum design process that may well vitiate the original intentions of the curriculum designers. The process of curriculum design
began in 2008 with the formation of a professionally-based History Advisory Group of which the author was a member (2008-2012). The author outlines the activities and contribution of the History Advisory Group and its sometimes fraught relations with the Australian Curriculum and Assessment
Authority. The author argues that these interventions which have been both political and educational, together with the well-intentioned process of consultation has led to unfortunate design changes and to politically-motivated delays in curriculum implementation which could lead to its being
overturned by a successor conservative coalition government.
Searching for an Identity: Debates over Moral and National Education as an Independent Subject in Contemporary Hong Kong
Authors: Lee Zardas Shuk-Man , Tang Phoebe Y. H. , Tsang Carol C. L.
Published: January 2019

The government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region [HKSAR] announced the introduction of Moral and National Education (MNE] as an independent and compulsory school subject in May 2011. The content of MNE's consultation draft and the teaching material produced by government-funded
organizations incited about 100,000 people to demonstrate outside the Hong Kong government headquarters for eight consecutive days in early September 2012. Protesters including teachers, parents, students, and concerned members of the public described MNE as 'brainwashing, and demanded the
curriculum's withdrawal. This article presents the historical development of national education in Hong Kong, the various challenges the MNE curriculum faced, and the conflicts and negotiations between the government and the public. It first explores the background of national education reform
in Hong Kong since 2000. It then examines how the government instructed local schools to teach national identity in subjects of Chinese History and the newly proposed MNE. The next section discusses the declining importance of Chinese History education since 2000. The article concludes by
reviewing the voices supporting and opposing MNE, the most recent development in Hong Kong's education today.