bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extremely preterm infant with persistent peeling skin: X-linked ichthyosis imitates prematurity
Authors: Burcescu Brigitte , Brumberg Heather L. , Shah Shetal I.
Published: August 2021

Objectives

X-linked ichthyosis (XLI) is a genetic disorder caused by a deficiency in steroid sulfatase, an enzyme which catalyzes a reaction in estrone synthesis. The disorder primarily manifests as dry, scaly skin which may be difficult to diagnose in extremely preterm infants, as the dermatological features may be falsely attributed to a normal variant of skin for this population.

Case presentation

In this case report, we describe a male with XLI, born at 24 weeks gestation, who had persistent dry, flaky and hyperpigmented skin. This case is notable for the age of diagnosis in an extremely premature infant; day of life 105. In addition, this infant experienced out of proportion bronchopulmonary symptoms that we postulate may be linked to the steroid sulfatase deficiency, as estrogen is a mediator of surfactant production.

Conclusions

This report underscores the need to potentially evaluate persistent dry, flaky skin in the preterm infant, as XLI may also impact long term neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Mineralization treatment of European oak heartwood with calcium oxalate for improved fire retardancy
Authors: Franke Tom , Volkmer Thomas
Published: August 2021

Within the focus to apply substances for wood protections, here fire retardants, with low hazardous and low environmental impact is of interest. Additionally, European oak is an attractive species for various interior and exterior applications. However, oak is classified as very heavily treatable and thus impregnation is challenging. However, the focus of this study was to treat European oak with a new fire retardant based on an in-situ calcium oxalate deposition. Thin oak specimens with a thickness of 4 mm were investigated with two various formulations of aqueous salt solutions (potassium oxalate and calcium chloride, and potassium oxalate and calcium acetate) to obtain an in-situ mineralization of calcium oxalate during a two-step impregnation process. The uptake, the distribution, and the penetration of the salts for both applied formulations were investigated. Additionally, fire retardant properties were investigated in a single flame source test. It could be demonstrated that an acceptable degree of treatability was achieved for both applied formulations. The fire retardancy of the so mineralized material was clearly improved. Synergetic effects which might be caused by the reaction side products of the various formulations were found to be neglectable.
Uniqueness and stability for generalized Caputo fractional differential quasi-variational inequalities
Authors: Du Jinsheng , Lu Cuizhi , Jiang Yirong , Xie Heng
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we study a new kind of generalized Caputo fractional differential quasi-variational inequalities in Hilbert spaces. We prove the uniqueness and the stability of the abstract inequality by using generalized singular Gronwall’s lemma, projection operators, and contraction principle. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the abstract results.
Fermented maize slurry (Ogi) and its supernatant (Omidun) mitigate elevated intraocular pressure by modulating BDNF expression and glial plasticity in the retina-gut axis of glaucomatous rats
Authors: Fafure Adedamola Adediran , Edem Edem Ekpenyong , Obisesan Abiola Oluwatosin , Enye Linus Anderson , Adekeye Adeshina Oloruntoba , Adetunji Adedeji Enitan , Nebo Kate Eberechukwu , Olusegun Adebayo Adeoluwa , Fafure Oluwabukola Eniola
Published: August 2021

Objectives

Growing interest has been reported on the health benefits of fermented foods, which includes cognition enhancement and inflammation attenuation. BDNF is a known protectant against retinal degeneration, however, therapies that target this neurotrophic factor has been limited. Therefore, we assessed the reaction of BDNF and glial cells in glaucomatous rats and their response to treatment with fermented maize products.

Methods

Thirty male adult rats were either injected via the episcleral vein with hypertonic saline to elevate intraocular pressure (IOP) or treated with fermented maize slurry (Ogi) or its supernatant (Omidun). Following sacrifice, the retina and duodenum were studied by immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies directed against GFAP, AIF-1 and BDNF.

Results

Hypertonic saline injection produced hypertrophy of the Müller cells and increased GFAP and AIF-1 expression in the retina and gut when compared to the control. Treatment with Ogi and Omidun produced varying degrees of reduction of gliosis, protection against hypertonic saline-induced retinal ganglion cell loss, and reduced intraocular pressure. BDNF expression was downregulated following the hypertonic saline assault, while Omidun and Ogi treatment abrogated its reduction following the hypertonic saline assault.

Conclusions

Collectively, our findings suggest that acute elevation of IOP alters crosstalk between gut and retina with consequent aberrant activation of glial cells; and that probiotic bacteria like the lactic acid bacteria rich in fermented foods including Ogi and Omidun may offer neuroprotection to the ganglionic cells by attenuating the retinal glial reaction and improving BDNF activity.
Sustainable coatings on paper for enhancing barrier properties based on hemicellulose
Authors: Li Yanan , Wu Rina , Shi Jiahui , Wang Gaosheng
Published: August 2021

Coated paper with enhanced barrier properties was prepared via a simple layered self-assembly method using hemicellulose and starch as biobased coatings. Effect of the coating on properties of cellulose paper was investigated. Barrier properties of the paper was increasingly strengthened as the coating amount of hemicellulose rose. When the paper was coated with starch (10.7±0.3 g/m2\text{g}/{\text{m}^{2}}) and hemicellulose (6.9±0.2 g/m2\text{g}/{\text{m}^{2}}) successively, the oil resistance of the paper was increased from 0 to grade 7. Air permeability and water vapor transmittance was decreased by 93.8 % and 39.7 %, respectively. The water contact angle of the coated paper reached 91.7° when the amount of hemicellulose was 1.5±0.2 g/m2\text{g}/{\text{m}^{2}}. The hydrophobicity of the coated paper was superior to the original paper although it was negatively influenced by the increasing amount of hemicellulose. The improvement of barrier properties of the coated paper was mainly ascribed to the formation of a thin polymer network on paper surface through intermolecular interaction via hydrogen bonds as demonstrated in SEM and FTIR-ATR results. Moreover, tensile strength and rupture resistance of the coated paper was improved. The results offered an environmentally friendly and economical strategy for preparation of food packaging paper with good barrier properties using biobased coating materials.
Lignin reinforced, water resistant, and biodegradable cassava starch/PBAT sandwich composite pieces
Authors: Wang Liang , He Jun , Wang Qingdong , Zhang Jing , Feng Jie
Published: August 2021

Following the stipulation to replace nondegradable plastics with biodegradable materials in China, cost-effective and water-resistant packaging materials have become increasingly necessary. In this work, lignin reinforced thermoplastic cassava starch (TPS) pieces were prepared by filling glycerol and lignin powder into starch via a melt blending process and then being pressed into thin pieces. A mechanical properties test showed that following the addition of 3 wt% lignin, the tensile strength of the TPS piece was improved to 16.15 MPa from 3.71 MPa of the original TPS piece. The porous structures of the lignin powder tie the TPS macromolecular chains, induce higher crystallization, and thus provide higher tensile strength and lower elongation at break. After sandwiching two pieces of poly (butylene adipateco-terephthalate) (PBAT)/peanut shell powder composite thin film to each side of the TPS piece, the PBAT/TPS/PBAT sandwich gains excellent water resistance properties. However, as soon as the sandwich piece is cut into smaller ones, they absorb water quickly, implying such pieces can be biodegraded rapidly. These characteristics make it especially suitable for use in the preparation of cabinet waste bags, which are generally stirred into organic fertilizer with the cabinet waste. Slow degradation may negatively affect soil health and farm production.
The distribution of handshapes in the established lexicon of Israeli Sign Language (ISL)
Authors: Fuks Orit
Published: August 2021

Our study focuses on the perception of the iconicity of handshapes – one of the formational parameters of the sign in signed language. Seventy Hebrew speakers were asked to match handshapes to Hebrew translations of 45 signs (that varied in degree of iconicity), which are specified for one of the handshapes in Israeli Sign Language (ISL). The results show that participants reliably match handshapes to corresponding sign translations for highly iconic signs, but are less accurate for less iconic signs. This demonstrates that there is a notable degree of iconicity in the lexicon of ISL, which is recognizable even to non-signers. The ability of non-signers to detect handshape to form is explained by the fact that word meanings are understood by both deaf and hearing peoples via the mental elaboration of simple iconic sources in which handshape meanings are grounded. The results suggest that while language external iconic mapping could ease the learning of direct iconic forms, it has a more limited capacity to help hearing non-signers learn indirect and opaque forms. The full semiotic distribution of handshapes in the lexicon and their use in language remain difficult for hearing non-signers to understand and depends on more specific language and cultural knowledge.
Chocolate flint: new perspectives on its deposits, mining, use and distribution by prehistoric communities in Central Europe
Authors: Sudoł-Procyk Magdalena , Brandl Michael , Krajcarz Maciej T. , Malak Magdalena , Skrzatek Mateusz , Stefański Damian , Trela-Kieferling Elżbieta , Werra Dagmara H.
Published: August 2021

The discovery of previously unknown chocolate flint outcrops in the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland (only the second known area after that in the Holy Cross Mountains) has undermined our seemingly solid knowledge of the prehistoric economy, which is based on the distribution pattern of this important raw material. The authors present new interdisciplinary research focused on the prehistoric mining of chocolate flint in the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland, the distribution of chocolate flint artefacts within the Upland and beyond, and methods to distinguish this material from the Holy Cross Mountains chocolate flint.
Misdiagnosis of bradyarrhythmias in clinical practice in Iraq
Authors: Alhamdi Amar
Published: August 2021

Background and objective: Bradyarrhythmias are one of the many causes of syncope, pre-syncope, and dizzy spells. Missing the diagnosis of bradyarrhythmias, an underlying etiology of those symptoms, may lead to serious complications and even mortality. This study aimed to set a standard case definition of bradyarrhythmias, which will improve patient survival. Methods: Patients presented with partial or total loss of consciousness, who were misdiagnosed as other non-arrhythmic etiologies and later diagnosed as bradyarrhythmia, were included in this study. Diagnosis of bradyarrhythmias was reached by either 12 leads electrocardiography, Holter monitor, or electrophysiological study. Results: A total of 150 patients who fulfilled the definition of missed diagnosis of bradyarrhythmias were included. A total of 100 males and 50 females were collected over 10 years. The pre arrhythmic over-diagnosis included transient ischemic attacks in 35 patients, vertebrobasilar insufficiency in 40 patients, vertigo in 30 patients, and other nonspecific diagnoses in 45 patients. The final diagnosis of bradyarrhythmias was reached by electrocardiogram only in 45, Holter recording in 75, and electrophysiological study in 30. All the diagnosed cases of bradyarrhythmias received permanent pacemaker therapy. Conclusion: Misdiagnosis of bradyarrhythmias in patients presenting with syncope is not uncommon in clinical practice in Iraq, which may have a bad impact on patients' morbidity and mortality. Understanding the causative factors for the missed diagnosis can help set up an educational program to minimize this problem. Keywords: Misdiagnosis; Bradyarrhythmia; Syncope; Dizzy spells.
The effect of early weaning on iron status among exclusively breastfed infants
Authors: Aziz Kayfi , Chalabi Dlair
Published: August 2021

Background and objective: Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for all newborns to gain optimal physical and neurodevelopmental growth. Despite all its advantages, prolonged breastfeeding alone without weaning places the child at risk of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia, which is the commonest micronutrient deficiency worldwide among infants. We investigated the effect of early weaning on the iron status of infants. Methods: We selected 100 infants; all of them were six months old. Fifty of them were exclusively breastfed for four months and started weaning between four to six months while continued to breastfeed till the age of six months (early-weaning group). Another 50 infants were exclusively breastfed for six months without starting weaning (no-weaning group). Then we investigated both groups at the age of six months for both iron and hematological studies. Results: In the present study, both study groups shared some similarities. In both groups, females accounted for more than half of the cases, the majority of the infants were residing in the urban areas, and most of the infants were delivered by cesarean section. The final result of the iron study and hematological parameters in the no-weaning group was significantly lower as compared to the early-weaning group. Both serum ferritin and serum iron were 7.42 ng/ml and 25.66 µg/dl, respectively, in the no-weaning group and were 23.94 ng/ml and 46.98 µg/dl respectively in the early-weaning group. Hemoglobin level was 10.84 gm/dl in the no-weaning group compared to 11.54 gm/dl in the early-weaning group. Conclusion: We concluded that early weaning had a great role in the prevention of both iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in exclusively breastfed infants. Keywords: Exclusive breastfeeding; Early weaning; Iron status.
Dendrite Morphology Minimally Influences the Synaptic Distribution of Excitation and Inhibition in Retinal Direction-Selective Ganglion Cells
Authors: El-Quessny Malak , Feller Marla B.
Published: August 2021

Throughout the nervous system, the organization of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs within a neuron’s receptive field shapes its output computation. In some cases, multiple motifs of synaptic organization can contribute to a single computation. Here, we compare two of these mechanisms performed by two morphologically distinct retinal direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs): directionally tuned inhibition and spatially offset inhibition. Using drifting stimuli, we found that DSGCs that have asymmetric dendrites exhibited stronger directionally tuned inhibition than symmetric DSGCs. Using stationary stimuli to map receptive fields, we found that DSGCs with both symmetric and asymmetric dendrites exhibited similar spatially offset inhibition. Interestingly, we observed that excitatory and inhibitory synapses for both cell types were locally correlated in strength. This result indicates that in the mouse retina, dendritic morphology influences the amount of tuned inhibition attained through asymmetric wiring but does not dictate the synaptic organization of excitation relative to inhibition.
Elijah's Nature
Authors: Davies James Q.
Published: August 2021

Existing scholarship struggles to theorize the relation between aesthetics, especially the aesthetics of catastrophe, and concerns with ecology and the environment. Mendelssohn's sacred oratorio Elijah premiered in 1846 at the birthplace of the steam engine in Birmingham, England. Commissioned by municipal reformers, Elijah constitutes a case study in disaster art. It was conceived as a vehicle for atmospheric repair, clean breathing, and moral healing for Black Country working populations. Its contexts include the development of biomedicine, public health discourse, and the history of air-purification systems, as well as the prophetic rhetoric of such firebrand modern Elijahs as the contemporaneous preacher-evangelist John Cumming. The popularity of the singing-class movement, moreover, aligns with the “great sanitary awakening” both because of its allegedly sanctifying spiritual potential, and because it was thought to fortify the lungs. Mendelssohn's oratorio was at once financed on the back of the profits of coal-fired energy systems and produced by well-meaning environmentalists to mitigate against the effects of heavy air pollution. The reception of the work is evidence of the extent to which the concerns of industry and the concerns of natural recovery co-constituted each other. Elijah deals in a cosmology—a way of narrating nature—that begins with the very real experience of ecological crisis. The endgame is to count the cost of a master narrative that sought natural recovery in an industrial enframement of global nature.
Effect of sodium alginate on properties of wheat straw/polylactic acid composites
Authors: Zhang Xuanhao
Published: August 2021

To investigate the effect of sodium alginate (SA) on the properties of wheat straw/polylactic acid (PLA) composites, four kinds of composites with different SA contents (0 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt%, and 15 wt%）were prepared via injection molding. The mechanical properties, moisture absorption, thermal stability, and infrared spectrum of the four kinds of composites were tested and analyzed, and the microstructure of the tensile section of the composites was observed via scanning electron microscopy. The degradability of the composites was also analyzed. The results showed that the wheat straw/PLA composites with 5% SA had better mechanical properties. Their tensile strength was 15.8%, 5.4%, and 19% higher than those of 0%, 10%, and 15% SA, respectively. The impact strength of the 5% SA composites changed to an acceptable degree relative to the non-SA composites, which had an impact strength of 28% lower than that of 0% SA but 51.9% higher than that of the 15% SA composite. The 5% SA composites had less hygroscopicity and better thermal stability, and adding SA enhanced the degradability of the composites. As the SA content increased, degradability increased greatly.
Evaluation of Opuntia ficus-indica potential as a natural coadjuvant for vinasse treatment
Authors: Mejía-Rivas Crisel A. , Bailón-Salas Ana M. , De la Peña-Arellano Luis A. , Rodríguez-Rosales María D. J. , Ordaz-Díaz Luis A.
Published: August 2021

Agro-industrial waste is generated in large quantities, producing negative environmental impacts. For instance, in the distillation process of vinasses, up to 15 L are produced per alcohol produced. Therefore, it is necessary to search for ecological alternatives. Biological treatments are not recommended because vinasses contain compounds, such as melanoidins, which exert inhibitory activity against microorganisms. Thanks to this activity, melanoidins could be removed, recovered, and become a value-added product. In this study, Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) mucilage, a natural biopolymer as coadjuvant, was used to improve the coagulation-flocculation process in the treatment of real samples of mezcal vinasses, after evaluating the individual effect of aluminum sulfate and ferric chloride. It was possible to eliminate 90% of color using ferric chloride, showing better removals than aluminum sulfate. However, the effect of ferric chloride plus OFI mucilage generated an adverse effect because the removal was under 17%. The individual effect of ferric chloride for chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was 28%. This removal was improved by the addition of OFI mucilage, as it was able to increase removal to 84%. The natural coadjuvant was shown to be effective in the COD removal in the treatment of mezcal vinasse using the coagulation-flocculation process.
Nanoparticle Fe3O4 magnetized activated carbon from Armeniaca sibirica shell for the adsorption of Hg(II) ions
Authors: Hao Yinan , Pan Yanfei , Du Qingwei , Li Xudong , Wang Ximing
Published: August 2021

Armeniaca sibirica shell activated carbon (ASSAC) magnetized by nanoparticle Fe3O4 prepared from Armeniaca sibirica shell was investigated to determine its adsorption for Hg2+ from wastewater. Fe3O4/ASSAC was characterized using XRD (X-ray diffraction), FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), SEM (scanning electron microscopy), and BET (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller). Optimum adsorption parameters were determined based on the initial concentration of Hg2+, reaction time, reaction temperature, and pH value in adsorption studies. The experiment results demonstrated that the specific surface area of ASSAC decreased after magnetization; however the adsorption capacity and removal rate of Hg2+ increased 0.656 mg/g and 0.630%, respectively. When the initial concentration of Hg2+ solution was 250 mg/L and the pH value was 2, the adsorption time was 180 min and the temperature was 30 °C, and with the Fe3O4/ASSAC at 0.05 g, the adsorption reaching 97.1 mg/g, and the removal efficiency was 99.6%. The adsorption capacity of Fe3O4/ASSAC to Hg2+ was in accord with Freundlich isotherm models, and a pseudo-second-order kinetic equation was used to fit the adsorption best. The Gibbs free energy ΔGo < 0，enthalpy change ΔHo < 0, and entropy change ΔSo < 0 which manifested the adsorption was a spontaneous and exothermic process.
In situ formation of zinc oxide on bamboo bleached pulp in preparation of antibacterial paper: Effect of precursors addition
Authors: Sobri Zakiah , Mohamed Asa'ari Ainun Zuriyati , Yacob Norzita , H'ng Paik San , Abdullah Luqman Chuah , Zainudin Edi Syams
Published: August 2021

An approach of green in situ synthesis single-step method was applied to produce antibacterial paper. The objective was to investigate the effect of precursor addition on the formation of zinc oxide particles using an in situ single-step method. Zinc chloride concentrations of 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 M were prepared and added into a solution of algae extract and bamboo pulp. The prepared pulps were tested and made into handsheets using a papermaking machine based on TAPPI T205 (2006). Morphological observation of treated papers was conducted using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). An average of 400 to 570 nm zinc oxide spherical-shaped particle was observed on the fibers of paper. The percentage of element composition of the treated paper were 15.08% to 34.08% of zinc and 17.45% to 32.59% of oxygen captured via scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) analysis. The crystallinity test was performed using X-ray dispersion (XRD). A higher percentage of precursors exhibited a more amorphous structure. A measurement of more than 30% increment of inhibition zone was obtained from 10.00 to 25.00 mm against S. aureus, S. choleraesuis, and E. coli. Precursors addition of more than 0.3 M would have the most potential to enhance the growth of zinc oxide via in situ preparation, hence providing better antibacterial properties of the prepared papers.
Seismic performance of Chinese traditional timber frames
Authors: Yang Deshan , Xu Ming , Chen Zhongfan
Published: August 2021

Chinese traditional timber frames are known for their mortise-tenon joints and wooden planks shear walls. To investigate the seismic behavior of the structural system, three full-scale timber frames were subjected to in-plane quasi-static loading. The hysteresis characteristics, lateral load-carrying capacities, lateral stiffnesses, and energy dissipation capacities of the timber frames were investigated. The results showed that the hysteretic loops of all specimens exhibited pinching, and the column and beam components were nearly intact after the test. The traditional wooden frames had large deformability. The installation of the infilled timber shear wall brought great improvements in lateral resistance and energy dissipation to the bare frames. The initial stiffness of the timber frame infilled with timber shear wall was 0.113 kN/mm, which was 56.9% and 11.9% greater than those of the bare frame specimen F1 and specimen F2, respectively. The results from the experimental analyses can serve as a technical basis for the development of seismic design methods and strengthening designs of such structures in practical engineering.
Intrinsic challenges in x-ray spectrometry instrumentation with CdTe diode detector
Authors: Nascimento Matheus Rebello do , Peixoto Jose Guilherme Pereira , Pacífico Leonardo de Castro , Macêdo Eric Matos
Published: August 2021

The X-ray spectrometry is subject to a diversity of problems that distort the measured beam. To observe them, spectra from N20, N25, N30, N60, N80, and N100 radiation qualities were obtained and evaluated their non-correction impact in the values of mean energy when compared with the requirements on ISO 4037-1 standard. The error percentages calculated were 2%, 2%, 2%, 11%, 9%, and 6%, respectively, related to partial energy deposition, efficiency loss, and charge trapping. These results suggest the need for correction of measured spectra, mainly for voltages higher than 30 kV.
Use of voxelized thyroid models to develop a physical-anthropomorphic phantom for 3D printing
Authors: Da Silva Tayrine Moratelli , Soares Alexandre Barbosa , Lucena Eder Augusto de , Dantas Ana Letícia Almeida , Mendes Bruno Melo , Felix Junior Paulo Sergio Silveira , Bourguignon Felipe Lima , Dórea Márcia de Melo , Romani Eric Cardona , Dantas Bernardo Maranhão
Published: August 2021

The monitoring of the intake os radionuclides by workers and public individuals, using in vivo measurements, requires the application of calibration factors obtained with physical-anthropomorphic phantoms. In the case of 131I, the lack of anatomical realism of the phantom might impair the quality and reliability of the monitoring result. Thus, in order to develop a thyroid phantom by means of 3D printing, images of the voxelized models provided in ICRP 110 were used. The superposition of the images of the original model and the treated model demonstrate the maintenance of morphological characteristics. Therefore, image manipulation techniques applied in this work aimed to smooth the sharp angles of the original image and the prototype printing were considered effective.
Estimation of measurement uncertainty in an automated flowmeter calibration system
Authors: Deme Idrissa
Published: August 2021

The aim of this work is to estimate and analyze the measurement uncertainty in the calibration of liquid flow meters by the gravimetric method, which is a primary method. The calibration system used in this work is the calibration system for liquid flow meters of the National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology -INMETRO that gives traceability to liquid flow meters in Brazil. The system that was fully operated manually went through an automation process in some of the components. The measurements were made in five ranges for a mass meter and the uncertainty expression followed the procedures of the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (Iso-Gum). The results were compared with each other and  showed the performance of the meters according to the technology used in the measurement and the consistency of the calibration system.
GAS CHIMNEYS IN THE NW BLACK SEA NEAR THE KALANCHAK PALEOBRIVER
Authors: Shnyukov Ye.F. , Inozemtsev Yu.I. , Rybak O.M. , Parishev O.O. , Stupina L.V.
Published: August 2021

The publication is based on a large body of data on gas outcrops in the northwest of the Black Sea, and in particular, the paleo-Kalanchak area. The material was obtained during the voyages carried out on the R/V of the Department of Marine Geology and Sedimentary Ore Formation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, as well as data from literary sources. More than 3000 methane sips were identified in the study area. The vast majority of gas emissions in the area of paleo-river Kalanchak, as well as in other areas of the northwestern sector of the Black Sea, is confined to the upper part of the continental slope and the adjacent area of the shelf. Practically it is a band 45 km wide on both sides of the shelf edge. Seismic and acoustic profiles were studied in this article. Their analysis indicates that gas chimneys are not distributed randomly but concentrated in specific locations. A certain relationship between the spatial distribution of methane outcrops on the seafloor and geomorphological structures, as well as tectonic structure, primarily faults is traced. Gas chimneys are associated with various forms of seafloor topography, but their greatest number is located at the mouths of paleo-river canyons. The article provides more detailed geomorphological information of the paleo-river network of the NW Black Sea. In the estuarine canyon, gas emissions form along the sedimentary ridges, gas chimneys appear at the bottoms of canyons, their peripheries, or near the dumps of submarine landslides, where the sedimentary cover is disturbed by mass transport. On the shelf, the greatest concentration of gas chimneys is found in circular and elongated depressions (pockmarks). Based on the study of acoustic profiles, gas chimneys of the Paleo-Kalanchak part of the Black Sea were classified according to a few features: the depth of location, height of gas release, gas flow capacity, form of gas release, mode of operation. The results of the research are also presented in graphical materials (histograms of gas chimneys distribution by depth and height of gas discharge, map of sip location by the Paleo-Kalanchak River area).
GAS SIPS AND SHALLOW ACCUMULATIONS OF GAS ON THE SHELF OF TURKEY IN THE BLACK SEA
Authors: Okay Seda , Çifçi Günay
Published: August 2021

It has been suggested that shelf and slope sediments of high deposition rate are methane sources, whereas the deep basin is methane sink. The methane production and migration in sediments may cause massive slope failures so methane is geologically important. Methane production is also economically important as methane seeps may indicate the presence at depth of hydrocarbon reservoirs, and methane hydrate may be an important source of energy. Recent studies in marine geology indicate potential geo-resources in the Turkish coast of Black Sea. The Black Sea sediments are rich in calcite and organic carbon, the latter showing a high degree of preservation due to anoxia in the waters below 100-150 m. Different marine geophysical surveys at different times were carried out in order to understand the sedimentary features of gas-saturated sediments in the Black Sea. Multibeam, side scan sonar, sub-bottom profiler and multi-channel seismic data were collected to make both high-resolution bathymetric and reflectivity maps of the seafloor. In some cruises, deep-tow combined side scan sonar and subbottom profiler was used to obtain acoustic images of both the seafloor surface and subbottom sediments. Several different structures were observed in the Black Sea basin as slumps, pockmarks, faults, gas chimneys, shallow gas accumulations and dome-like structures. Structures, which contain gas hydrates, are present on the seismic sections as strong acoustic reflections.
Expediting Treatment of Seizures in the Intensive Care Nursery
Authors: Kramer Katelin , Bekmezian Arpi , Nash Kendall , Papp Elizabeth , Glass Hannah C.
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVES

Prolonged neonatal seizures are associated with poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. The aim of this quality improvement project was to decrease the time to medical treatment of seizures by 45% within 15 months for neonates admitted to the intensive care nursery (ICN) in an academic children’s hospital.

METHODS

A multidisciplinary team developed key drivers for timely treatment of seizures. Targeted interventions included optimizing a seizure rescue process with a mechanism that brings a pharmacist to the bedside for expedited medication delivery, in addition to interactive educational sessions. The outcome measure was time from the decision to treat seizures to medication administration. The process measure was use of the seizure rescue process with a balancing measure of unnecessary activations of this process. Data were collected from monthly chart review and displayed on statistical process control charts for analysis. The intervention period was from January 2019 to March 2020.

RESULTS

Between January 2016 and March 2020, there were 203 seizure treatment events (160 preintervention and 43 postintervention) in the ICN. Time to treatment of neonatal seizures decreased by 48%, from a baseline of 27 minutes (January 2016 to December 2018) to 14 minutes by March 2020, which reflected significant and sustained improvement. This was associated with improvement in the process metric during the same time periods. Unnecessary seizure rescue process activations were stable postintervention.

CONCLUSIONS

Implementation of an innovative seizure rescue process, in conjunction with staff and provider education, expedited antiseizure therapy in the ICN without requiring code resources.
Influence of temperature on sporulation of Eimeria arloingi and Eimeria perforans oocysts
Authors: Boyko O. O. , Shendryk L. I. , Rudyk V. S. , Volovyk I. A. , Biben I. A. , Brygadyrenko V. V.
Published: August 2021

Eimeriosis of farm animals is one of the most widespread parasitic diseases in the world. In the conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine Eimeria perforans is more common in rabbits and E. arloingi in sheep and goats. Study of factors which influence the development of these protists on the soil surface is one of the major challenges for veterinarians working for large livestock companies and fighting against eimeriosis. Environmental temperature is able to change the speed of sporulation of oocysts Eimeria. Five values of temperature (15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 °C) were used in a laboratory experiment in vitro. At 15 °C, the process of sporulation of E. arloingi and E. perforans in 100% of cases ended on the eighth day. With increase in temperature to 35 °C, the duration of sporulation decreased to three days. When the temperature was 30 °C the completion of sporulation was observed in more than 50% of the oocysts of E. arloingi on the second day, and for E. perforans on the third day. High-speed sporulation at elevated temperatures under conditions of global warming can result in the increasing spread of eimeriosis among wild and domestic animals.
Las mujeres también quieren libertad: el problema de los anarquismos y socialismos masculinos de 1880-1930 en Costa Rica
Authors: Flórez-Estrada Pimentel María
Published: August 2021

El anarquismo masculino de la segunda parte del siglo XIX y la primera del XX, en Costa Rica, puede considerarse como un liberalismo radical por ser un discurso desafiante del principio de autoridad de los patriarcalismos comunitaristas (católico y comunista). Sin embargo, el punto de máximo quiebre cultural lo produjo el anarquismo feminista por su cuestionamiento adicional del orden sexual y por su demanda de igualdad y libertad también para las mujeres trabajadoras. Ellas definieron la “cuestión social” más allá de un conflicto económico entre clases sociales, aunque la hegemonía masculina en la prensa y, después, en la historiografía, dejan pendiente recuperar en toda su dimensión la importancia de su desafío. Lo anterior puede afirmarse a partir del análisis de 115 ediciones de 10 periódicos costarricenses publicados entre 1880-1930 que tuvo el propósito de identificar los discursos anarquistas sobre las identidades sexuadas modernas en ese período.
Las olas del movimiento LGBTIQ+. Una propuesta desde la historiografía
Authors: Vázquez Parra José Carlos
Published: August 2021

La historia de la homosexualidad y la historia del movimiento homosexual son dos cuestiones parecidas, pero, a su vez, muy diferentes. Mientras que la primera hace un abordaje sobre las prácticas y el desarrollo de la homosexualidad en la historia de la humanidad, la segunda se enfoca en la lucha por el reconocimiento y la igualdad de derechos de todas las personas que pertenecen a los grupos de la diversidad sexual. Así, el propósito del presente artículo es realizar una aproximación al movimiento homosexual en Occidente, al plantear la posibilidad de clasificar tres etapas a partir de los objetivos propios que perseguía el activismo y sus actores en dichos momentos. Para llegar a esto, se utiliza una metodología historiográfica. Como conclusión, se consigue identificar que, aunque históricamente se tenía una meta común, la intencionalidad de cada temporalidad y territorialidad fue distinta y, a su vez, necesaria para avanzar en las etapas posteriores del movimiento.
SEMBLANZA DEL POETA COSTARRICENSE LISÍMACO CHAVARRÍA: PRESENCIA EN LAS LETRAS NACIONALES Y EN LA MEMORIA COLECTIVA DE SU PUEBLO
Authors: Rodríguez Vargas Nuria
Published: August 2021

Recibido: 26-10-2019

Aprobado: 29-10-2019

RESUMEN

 La vida del escritor costarricense Lisímaco Chavarría (1878-1913) fue corta, compleja, atormentada y ambivalente. Fue admirado y despreciado, premiado y excluido. Su vida estuvo marcada por las carencias materiales y los dramas. Publicó gran parte de su producción literaria en las revistas de la época en la que vivió. Poeta modernista de fama internacional, pero no siempre reconocido por el canon literario de nuestro país. A más de cien años de su muerte, su presencia sigue viva en la memoria colectiva de su natal San Ramón.
Rudolf Schlechter's South-American orchids V. Schlechter's "network": Ecuador and Peru
Authors: Ossenbach Carlos , Jenny Rudolf
Published: August 2021

The fifth chapter of the series about Rudolf Schlechter’s South-American orchids introduces us to those botanists and orchid collectors who travelled and worked in Ecuador and Peru and supplied Schlechter with many of the new orchid species he described. As in previous chapters, the biographies and accomplishments of these travellers are preceded by brief geographical and historical outlines for each of these countries. It is worth mentioning that the lives and orchids of such prominent figures in the orchidology of South America as F.C. Lehmann, W. Hennis, E. Bungeroth and E. Ule, who collected in Ecuador and Peru, have already been mentioned in previous chapters and are therefore omitted here.

Keywords/Palabras clave: biography, biografía, history of botany, historia de la botánica, Orchidaceae

For accessing the high-resolution PDF, please follow this link: https://n9.cl/836os
Significados de ser feliz na velhice e qualidade de vida percebida segundo idosos brasileiros
Authors: Valero Catherine Nicol Aravena , Meira Tulia Fernanda Garcia , Assumpção Daniela de , Neri Anita Liberalesso
Published: August 2021

Resumo Objetivo Identificar associações entre significados atribuídos ao conceito “ser feliz na velhice” e qualidade de vida percebida em amostra de idosos recrutados na comunidade. Métodos Os dados foram extraídos dos bancos da linha de base (LB; 2008-2009) e do seguimento (SG; 2016-2017) do Estudo Fibra Campinas, de base populacional, sobre fragilidade em idosos. Participaram 211 indivíduos com idade média de 81,0±4,3 anos no SG, com registro de respostas a uma questão aberta sobre felicidade na velhice na LB e à escala CASP-19 de qualidade de vida percebida (SG). Os registros da LB foram submetidos a análise de conteúdo; os do SG a medidas de frequência, posição e dispersão, e ambos a análises de regressão logística. Resultados Da análise de conteúdo foram derivados quatro temas: saúde e funcionalidade (o mais mencionado), bem-estar psicológico, relações interpessoais e recursos materiais. As categorias mais citadas foram autodesenvolvimento e relações familiares. Prevaleceram altas as pontuações na CASP-19, que foram mais prováveis entre os idosos que não mencionaram recursos materiais (OR=2,44; IC95%:1,20-4,43), nem saúde e funcionalidade (OR=2,03; IC95%:1,22-4,22), e entre os que citaram relações interpessoais (OR=1,92; IC95%:1,08-3,41) na LB. Altas pontuações no fator Autorrealização/Prazer foram mais prováveis entre os de 80-84 anos (OR=1,93; IC95%:1,01-3,68) e entre os que não citaram saúde e funcionalidade (OR=1,98; IC95%:1,00-1,98) na LB. Conclusão Felicidade na velhice e qualidade de vida referenciada a necessidades psicológicas são construtos relacionados. Sua avaliação capta vivências que excedem condições materiais e de saúde, predominantes nas medidas clássicas de qualidade de vida na velhice.
A utilização de tecnologias de suporte ao ensino a distância: perspetivas dos professores
Authors: Jesus Santos Teresa
Published: August 2021

Tendo presente o isolamento social provocada pela pandemia covid 19, ensinar e aprender só foi possível, através do formato ensino a distância, utilizando os computadores, smarphones, tablets, televisão, internet e plataformas digitais. O ensino presencial foi substituído pela modalidade de ensino a distância, obrigando as escolas a repensarem novos modos de organização curricular, pedagógica e administrativa, com o objetivo de poderem dar continuidade ao processo de ensino e de aprendizagem, junto de todos os alunos. Neste artigo, apresentamos os resultados de um estudo que teve como objetivo principal conhecer as perspetivas de professores da educação pré-escolar e do 1.º ciclo do ensino básico, sobre como foram monitorizadas e avaliadas as aprendizagens, durante a educação a distância. Para isso, foram realizados dois inquéritos por questionário, um para os professores da educação pré-escolar e outro para os professores do 1.º ciclo do ensino básico. Os dados foram recolhidos, através da plataforma Google forms, junto de (n=245) professores dos mesmos níveis de ensino e utilizamos o tratamento estatístico descritivo e inferencial, usando-se o software SPSS para a sua análise. Os resultados apontam que a maioria dos profesores: i) recorreram, ao manual adopado, vídeos, jogos, fichas e às plataformas digitais (facebook, whatsap, classroom,);ii) comunicou regularmente e acompanhou os alunos em todo o processo do ensino a distância com exceção dos alunos com ausência de recursos educativos a nível das Tecnologias Informação e Comunicação (digitais). Na avaliação as evidências avaliativas foram diversificada desde o trabalho individual; fichas; questionários; fotos; vídeos; portefólio; Ensaio/composições /reflexão crítica e outros. Os professores e alunos adaptaram-se a metodologias de trabalho, para mediar o ensino e aprendizagem, através do desenvolvimento de competências digitais.
Conhecimentos das grávidas em saúde mental positiva
Authors: Nelas Paula , Chaves Cláudia , Coutinho Emília , Duarte João
Published: August 2021

A gravidez constitui um período de extrema importância enquanto momento de transição para a parentalidade. Decorrente das alterações biopsicossociais desta fase, torna-se pertinente analisar os fatores que promovem a literacia em saúde mental da grávida. São objetivos avaliar o grau de literacia em saúde mental positiva e analisar as variáveis promotoras da literacia em saúde mental, em grávidas. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, transversal, descritivo e correlacional, constituído por uma amostra de 222 grávidas, média de idade 30.45 anos (dp±4.64). O instrumento de colheita de dados foi um questionário, que permitiu caracterizar a amostra nas dimensões sociodemográfica e clínica. Foi ainda utilizada a escala de avaliação da literacia em saúde mental positiva de Chaves, Sequeira & Duarte (2018). Em termos de resultados constatou-se que as grávidas com companheiro, residentes em zona urbana, com ensino superior, ativas profissionalmente, com uma profissão intelectual, sem hábitos tabágicos, que classificam a sua alimentação como saudável/muito saudável, revelam mais literacia em saúde mental positiva. Verificou-se ainda que as grávidas cuja gravidez foi planeada, que recorreram a tratamentos de fertilidade, que a gravidez é vigiada por enfermeiro e médico, que cumprem a vigilância da gravidez, que frequentam curso de preparação para o parto e parentalidade, apresentam mais literacia em saúde mental positiva. Recomendam-se programas de intervenção, como por exemplo, a realização de rastreio de saúde mental na grávida.
Covid-19: uso y abuso de internet y teléfono móvil en estudiantes universitarios.
Authors: Carpio-Fernández Mª Villa , García-Linares Mª Cruz , Cerezo-Rusillo Mª Teresa , Casanova-Arias Pedro Félix
Published: August 2021

La pandemia provocada por el COVID-19 ha provocado un cambio en los hábitos de vida de la población en general. En el último año, la tecnología ha constituido para el estudiante un recurso eficaz, no solo a nivel académico sino también social y familiar. Sin embargo, a pesar de la utilidad de las nuevas tecnologías, un uso inadecuado o abusivo puede producir consecuencias negativas en la vida familiar, social y académica del estudiante. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en analizar los efectos que ha producido la pandemia provocada por el COVID-19 en los hábitos de jóvenes universitarios; uso de las nuevas tecnologías, tiempo diario dedicado al uso de internet y teléfono móvil, así como en el posible uso problemático de los mismos. La muestra estaba compuesta por 671 estudiantes universitarios de diferentes titulaciones de la Universidad de Jaén. Se utilizó una adaptación del cuestionario de Oliva et al. (2012) sobre el hábito de uso de las nuevas tecnologías. Las cuestiones hacen referencia a la edad de inicio, nivel de uso, tiempo diario de uso antes y después del COVID-19, tipo de actividades que realizan habitualmente en internet y el uso problemático de internet y el teléfono móvil en el ámbito académico, social y familiar. Los resultados indican que la COVID-19 ha provocado un incremento en el número de horas dedicadas al uso de internet y teléfono móvil. Las actividades para las que utilizan internet con más frecuencia son la realización de trabajos académicos, correo electrónico y redes sociales, chats o foros. Finalmente, aquellos que indican hacer un uso abusivo de internet y teléfono móvil, señalaban tener problemas académicos, sociales y familiares. Podemos concluir que, aunque se produce un aumento en el uso de las nuevas tecnologías como consecuencia del COVID-19, su uso, en estudiantes universitarios se destina mayormente a la formación académica, aunque también está provocando algunos problemas en los diferentes ámbitos de la vida de los estudiantes.