bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy n-Jordan *-homomorphisms in induced fuzzy C*-algebras
Authors: Park Choonkil , Ghaleh Shahram Ghaffary , Ghasemi Khatereh , Jang Sun Young
Published: April 2012

Using fixed point method, we prove the fuzzy version of the Hyers-Ulam stability of n-Jordan *-homomorphisms in induced fuzzy C*-algebras associated with the following functional equation

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Mathematics Subject Classification (2010): Primary 46S40; 47S40; 39B52; 47H10; 46L05.
Deletions in chromosome 6p22.3-p24.3, including ATXN1, are associated with developmental delay and autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Celestino-Soper Patrícia BS , Skinner Cindy , Schroer Richard , Eng Patricia , Shenai Jayant , Nowaczyk Malgorzata MJ , Terespolsky Deborah , Cushing Donna , Patel Gayle S , Immken LaDonna , Willis Alecia , Wiszniewska Joanna , Matalon Reuben , Rosenfeld Jill A , Stevenson Roger E , Kang Sung-Hae L , Cheung Sau Wai , Beaudet Arthur L , Stankiewicz Pawel
Published: April 2012

Interstitial deletions of the short arm of chromosome 6 are rare and have been associated with developmental delay, hypotonia, congenital anomalies, and dysmorphic features. We used array comparative genomic hybridization in a South Carolina Autism Project (SCAP) cohort of 97 subjects with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and identified an ~ 5.4 Mb deletion on chromosome 6p22.3-p23 in a 15-year-old patient with intellectual disability and ASDs. Subsequent database queries revealed five additional individuals with overlapping submicroscopic deletions and presenting with developmental and speech delay, seizures, behavioral abnormalities, heart defects, and dysmorphic features. The deletion found in the SCAP patient harbors ATXN1, DTNBP1, JARID2, and NHLRC1 that we propose may be responsible for ASDs and developmental delay.
Pain in the three spinal regions: the same disorder? Data from a population-based sample of 34,902 Danish adults
Authors: Leboeuf-Yde Charlotte , Fejer René , Nielsen Jan , Kyvik Kirsten O , Hartvigsen Jan
Published: April 2012

Background

Studies of back pain are typically based on the assumption that symptoms from different parts of the spine are distinctive entities. Recently, however, the assumption that back pain is a site-specific disorder has been challenged, suggesting that localized back pain should be seen as part of a general musculoskeletal syndrome.

Objectives

To describe and compare the patterns of reporting of pain and consequences of pain in the three spinal regions.

Methods

In all, 34,902 (74%) twin individuals representative of the general Danish population, aged 20 to 71, participated in a cross-sectional nation-wide survey. Identical questions from the Standardised Nordic Questionnaire for each of the three spinal regions were used for lumbar, mid-back and neck pain respectively: Pain past year, pain ever, radiating pain, and consequences of back pain (care-seeking, reduced physical activities, sick-leave, change of work/work duties and disability pension). The relative prevalence estimates of these variables were compared for the three spinal regions.

Results

The relative proportions of individuals with pain ever, who also reported to have had pain in the past year varied between 75% and 80%, for the three spinal regions. The proportions of individuals with pain in the past year and for various pain durations were also very similar. Regardless if pain was reported in the lumbar, thoracic or cervical regions, the proportions of individuals reporting radiating pain were equally large. The relative number of consequences was the same across the spinal regions, as were the relative proportions of each these consequences. However, low back pain resulted more often in some kind of consequence compared to the consequences of pain in the neck and mid back.

Conclusions

Back pain and its consequences share many characteristics and may, at least in a general population, be regarded as the same condition regardless of where the pain happens to manifest itself. However, because some exceptions were noted for the lumbar spine, separate entities for a smaller group of individuals with back pain cannot be ruled out.
Prestack time migration by common-migrated-reflector-element stacking
Authors: Dell Sergius , Gajewski Dirk , Vanelle Claudia
Published: April 2012

Time migration is an attractive tool to produce a subsurface image because it is faster and less sensitive to velocities errors than depth migration. However, a highly focused time image is only achievable with well-determined time-migration velocities. Therefore, a refinement of the initial time-migration velocities often is required. We introduced a new technique for prestack time migration, based on the common-migrated-reflector-element stack of common scatterpoint gathers, including an automatic update of time-migration velocities. The common scatterpoint gathers are generated using a new formulation of the double-square-root equation that is parametrized with the common-offset apex time. The common-migrated-reflector-element stack is a multiparameter stacking technique based on the Taylor expansion of traveltimes of time-migrated reflections in the paraxial vicinity of the image ray. Our 2D synthetic and field data examples demonstrated that the proposed method provides updated time-migration velocities that are more robust and have higher resolution compared with the initial time-migration velocities. The prestack time migration method also showed a clear improvement of the focusing of reflections for such geologic features as faults and salt structures.
Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition Is Activated in Metastatic Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas Caused by SDHB Gene Mutations
Authors: Loriot Céline , Burnichon Nelly , Gadessaud Noémie , Vescovo Laure , Amar Laurence , Libé Rossella , Bertherat Jérôme , Plouin Pierre-François , Jeunemaitre Xavier , Gimenez-Roqueplo Anne-Paule , Favier Judith
Published: April 2012

Context:

Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma are rare neural-crest-derived tumors. They are metastatic in 15% of cases, and the identification of a germline mutation in the SDHB gene is a predictive risk factor for malignancy and poor prognosis. To date, the link between SDHB mutations and malignancy is still missing.

Objective:

Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a developmental event, reactivated in cancer cells to promote cell mobility and invasiveness. The aim of this study was to address the participation of EMT in the metastatic evolution of pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma.

Design and Patients:

Transcriptomic profiling of EMT was performed on 188 tumor samples, using a set of 94 genes implicated in this pathway. Activation of EMT was further confirmed at protein level by immunohistochemistry in a second set of 93 tumors.

Results:

Hierarchical unsupervised classification showed that most SDHB-metastatic samples clustered together, indicating that EMT is differently regulated in these tumors. Major actors of EMT, metalloproteases and components of cellular junctions, were either up-regulated (LOXL2, TWIST, TCF3, MMP2, and MMP1) or down-regulated (KRT19 and CDH2) in SDHB-metastatic tumors compared with nonmetastatic ones. Interestingly, within metastatic tumors, most of these genes (LOXL2, TWIST, TCF3, MMP2, and KRT19) also allowed us to discriminate SDHB-mutated from non-SDHB-related tumors. In the second set of tumors, we studied Snail1/2 expression by immunohistochemistry and observed its specific nuclear translocation in all SDHB-metastatic tumors.

Conclusion:

We have identified the first pathway that distinguishes SDHB-metastatic from all other types of pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas and suggest that activation of the EMT process might play a critical role in the particularly invasive phenotype of this group of tumors.
Hypothenar hammer syndrome in a 22-year-old male patient: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Mousa Albeir Y , Stone Patrick A , Nanjundappa Aravinda , Campbell John E , AbuRahma Ali F
Published: April 2012

Hypothenar hammer syndrome is a rare condition with a peculiar presentation that aids in making a clinical diagnosis. We present a 22-year-old male patient who presented with critical hand ischemia secondary to a distal ulnar aneurysm with distal embolization. The patient was treated with an aneurysmectomy with cephalic vein interposition graft, which resulted in complete reversal of his hand ischemia. This case report outlines the clinical presentation of this rare condition, along with a recent review of the literature.
Endovascular treatment of isolated spontaneous celiac artery dissection
Authors: Zhang Tao , Zhang Xiaoming , Zhang Xuemin , Jiang Jingjun , Zhou Bingying
Published: April 2012

This report presents the case of a patient with isolated spontaneous celiac artery dissection. The patient developed acute abdominal pain that was induced by eating. Computed tomography and selective angiography revealed an intimal flap that separated the true and false lumens located 3 cm from the origin of the celiac artery. We treated the patient with a stent that was deployed endovascularly into the celiac artery to seal the entry site. Postoperative angiography revealed that the graft was patent and the follow-up period was uneventful. The etiology, clinical features, diagnostic modalities and treatment options of isolated spontaneous celiac artery dissection are reported.
Cross-Examination of Vulnerable Witnesses—Towards a Blueprint for Re-Professionalisation
Authors: Keane Adrian
Published: April 2012

There is now an abundance of research, across a range of jurisdictions, to establish that cross-examination techniques traditionally deployed in adversarial systems can confuse vulnerable witnesses, reduce their ability to comprehend the issues and diminish the cogency and accuracy of their testimony. The nature of the problem and its scale will be illustrated in this article primarily by reference to children and people with mental disabilities or learning difficulties. The core of the problem is the limited understanding on the part of some advocates of the special needs of vulnerable witnesses and their reluctance or inability to abandon or modify traditional cross-examination techniques. The scale of the problem is considerable, having regard to the growth in the number of vulnerable witnesses and evidence of their negative perceptions of the experience of testifying. Except in jurisdictions in which the cross-examination has effectively been removed entirely from the hands of the advocate, legal developments have focused on the use of pre-trial recordings, intermediaries, improved judicial training and enhanced powers to curtail improper cross-examination. These reflect an ‘accommodation approach’ that has had a limited educative effect on practitioners. The professional duty of the advocate is not to ignore or take advantage of the difficulties faced by vulnerable witnesses, but to develop new methods to test their evidence. There is an urgent need for re-professionalisation, i.e. the development and introduction of new systems for the training and accreditation of advocates, involving a fundamental culture change and the acquisition of new specialist knowledge and skills. This article explores what such re-professionalisation should involve. It analyses critically two recent sets of proposals : proposals for the implementation of a quality assurance scheme put forward by the English legal regulatory authorities, and proposals for training and accreditation schemes put forward by the Advocacy Training Council, the joint body of the four Inns of Court with responsibility for overseeing standards of advocacy training for the Bar of England and Wales. Regard is also had to relevant pedagogical precepts and recent relevant case law.
Enclitic Particles in Western Abenaki: The Syntax of Second Position
Authors: Lesourd Philip S.
Published: April 2012

In Western Abenaki, an Eastern Algonquian language, a number of enclitic particles, as well as certain cliticized words, are stationed in second position in the clause. In simple cases, second position is the position following the first phonological word of the clause, but complexities arise in particular constructions. A clause-initial conjunction may either host an enclitic or be skipped over in figuring clitic placement. A wh -word or focused expression may be skipped over as well, with clitics then appearing well inside the clause. Two preverbs that occupy a left-peripheral position appear to receive special treatment. These effects are shown here to follow from simple assumptions about phrase structure, coupled with a clitic placement rule that states only that clitics are stationed in second position within CP or IP.
Childhood in the Maelstrom of Political Unrest: The Childtowns (Παιδοπόλεις/Paidopoleis) and the Experience of Displacement in Thrace during the Greek Civil War (1946-1949)
Authors: Vassiloudi Vassiliki , Theodorou Vassiliki
Published: April 2012

Inscribed in the current historiography on World War II childhoods, this contribution, based on oral testimonies and written sources, explores the fortunes of Greek children from the region of Thrace in the aftermath of World War II. During the Greek Civil War (1946-1949), fought between the Communists and the anticommunists, children were forced to leave their native villages and be interned in the "Childtowns," special institutions developed to house them, so as to be protected from the dangerous "Other": the Greek Communists. The paper probes issues such as the conditions of the children's transportation from their native villages; the manner and the reasons that these relocations were organized; children's living conditions initially in their native villages and, later, in the "Childtowns"; the informants' feelings about their displacement, albeit interpreted through the lens of memory; and the children's ideological formation within the framework of modernization.
Springtime and Morning Suns: "Youth" as a Political Category in Twentieth-century China
Authors: Lanza Fabio
Published: April 2012

This paper looks at the complex history of youth movements in twentieth-century China in order to investigate the connection (one I find problematic) between, on the one hand, the indisputable and massive presence of young people in political events and, on the other, the inscription and justification of the political significance of these events under the category of "youth." I analyze three cases in the long history of Chinese student activism—May Fourth 1919, the initial phase of the Cultural Revolution in 1966-67, and the Beijing spring of 1989—to pursue precisely the question of whether in these movements of young people, "youth" was a category of politics, or, to put it differently, whether the political significance of these events was at least in part expressed and realized through the signifier "youth." By doing so, I disarticulate the seemingly "natural" connection between political activism of young people and the framing of that activism in terms of "youth."
Why is the Cost of Financial Intermediation Rising in Botswana?
Authors: Ikhide Sylvanus , Yinusa Olalekan
Published: April 2012

The Botswana banking system has witnessed substantial deregulation in the past three decades with the entry of foreign banks, mergers and acquisitions in the banking system and policy aimed at deregulating interest rates by moving towards more market determined interest rates. These measures should increase competition and reduce inefficiency in the banking system both resulting in lower costs of financial intermediation. However, the cost of financial intermediation has not only remained high but is also rising. This work uses data from the three largest banks from Botswana to investigate the impact of bank specific, industry specific and macroeconomic factors in determining the cost of financial intermediation. Our results show that balance sheet factors, industry specific and macroeconomic variables account for wide bank spreads and hence the high cost of financial intermediation in Botswana. The paper concludes by suggesting that better focused regulatory oversights by the central bank, a reform plan that will boost the supervision of the panoply of non-bank financial institutions and a further strengthening of the fiscal and exchange rate to ensure sustainable macroeconomic position will help to contain the rising cost of financial intermediation.
Terrorism in Africa and South Asia: Economic or Existential Good?
Authors: Elu Juliet U.
Published: April 2012

This paper considers the extent to which terrorism in Africa and South Asia is an economic good that can be explained within a standard rational choice model of optimizing agent, or an existential good explained by individuals who are present-aim oriented. Such a consideration is important for enabling security measures that are likely to be effective against terrorism in Africa and South Asia. If for example, terrorism is motivated largely by existential other-worldly goals, standard security measures that change the cost and benefits of terrorism are not likely to be effective in thwarting organized terror. On the other hand, if terrorism reflects a solution to a problem with identifiable costs and benefits that accord with the behavior assumed in economic theory, then it may be possible to contain terrorism by altering those costs and benefits. Our analysis of terrorism in Africa and South Asia utilizes data from the University of Maryland National Consortium for The Study of Terrorism and Response to Terrorism Center from 1980-2005. Our results suggest that at least in Africa and South Asia, terrorism is a standard economic good, and appears to be income elastic. As such anti-terrorist interventions need to be targeted towards not reducing poverty and underdevelopment per se, but at the complements of terror—those normal good/services that terrorists use as inputs.
Information Use in Online Civic Discourse: A Study of Health Care Reform Debate
Authors: O’Connor Lisa , Rapchak Marcia
Published: April 2012

This article reports on a study of civic discourse in online political forums. On March 23, 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was signed into law in the United States after heated debate. Some of the debate took place online, often in political forums. This study describes and analyzes the information used to frame and support participants’ opinions within the online environment. Researchers collected 6,322 postings in 226 threads over thirteen months in three discussion boards (two moderated and one unmoderated). Using citation context analysis and citation content analysis, researchers identified the type of sources used by posters (i.e., those individuals who post information online), the quality of such sources, and the responses of other posters to source use. Sources were categorized based on type and coded based on neutrality and authority. The category of most-cited sources was newspapers and newswires. While the majority of postings did not use sources (over 97 percent did not cite any source), of those sources coded ( n = 460), over a third were clearly biased and/or unauthoritative. The authors discuss some of the difficulties individuals face in finding and using political information. Recommendations are made for developing national information policy, improving the format of information channels, and designing user education and services to support civic discourse.
The Oxyrhynchus Historian and Athenian Democracy
Authors: Pesely George
Published: April 2012

The Oxyrhynchus historian’s account of late-fifth-century bc Athens is not preserved, but elements of his treatment of the oligarchic movement may be reconstructed from Aristotle and Diodorus Siculus. Particular attention is given here to the use of his distinctive political terminology by Isocrates, Aristotle, and Diodorus. The author, most likely Cratippus of Athens, sought to disguise his distaste for democracy by inventing a misleading connotation of the phrase “ancestral constitution” ( patrios politeia ) and by making Theramenes, a victim of the Thirty, into the champion of the patrios politeia .

Le récit de l’historien d’Oxyrhynchus sur l’Athènes de la fin du V e siècle est perdu, mais il est possible de reconstruire certains éléments de son analyse du mouvement oligarchique en consultant Aristote et Diodore de Sicile. Nous nous intéresserons ici plus particulièrement à l’emprunt, par Isocrate, Aristote et Diodore, de la terminologie politique qui lui est propre. En effet, l’auteur, qu’il faut probablement identifier avec Cratippe d’Athènes, chercha à voiler son mépris pour la démocratie en attribuant à l’expression « constitution ancestrale » ( patrios politeia ) une connotation trompeuse, inventée par lui, et en faisant de Théramène, victime des Trentes, le champion de la patrios politeia .
The Authorship of the “Hellenika Oxyrhynchia”
Authors: Billows Richard
Published: April 2012

Broad consensus now exists that the Hellenika Oxyrhynchia must have been authored by either Kratippos of Athens or Theopompos of Chios, with Kratippos favored by most scholars. This paper makes the case for Theopompos as author, based on re-dating his birth to the late fifth century bc , arguments that the Hellenika Oxyrhynchia did contain speeches, the evidence of Diodoros’ use of the Hellenika Oxyrhynchia and knowledge of Theopompos, and other objective criteria regarding style, word choice, and length and contents of the work, particularly emphasizing the Pedaritos excursus common to both Diodorus and the Helenika Oxyrhynchia .

Les chercheurs s’entendent maintenant presque tous pour voir en Cratippe d’Athènes ou en Théopompe de Chios l’auteur des Helléniques d’Oxyrhynchos . Bien que Cratippe reçoive l’appui de la majorité, la présente étude avance des arguments en faveur de Théopompe, dont la date de naissance devrait être révisée et placée vers la fin du V e siècle. On sait que Diodore puisait des renseignements dans les Helléniques et qu’il connaissait l’œuvre de Théopompe. En outre, ces deux historiens partagent la digression sur Pédaritos. Il faut aussi prendre en considération les critères stylistiques et lexicographiques, la longueur et le contenu de chaque œuvre, et les arguments qui indiqueraient que les Helléniques contenaient des discours.
Short-Term Genetic Changes: Evaluating Effective Population Size Estimates in a Comprehensively Described Brown Trout (Salmo trutta) Population
Authors: Serbezov Dimitar , Jorde Per Erik , Bernatchez Louis , Olsen Esben Moland , Vøllestad L Asbjørn
Published: April 2012

The effective population size (Ne) is notoriously difficult to accurately estimate in wild populations as it is influenced by a number of parameters that are difficult to delineate in natural systems. The different methods that are used to estimate Ne are affected variously by different processes at the population level, such as the life-history characteristics of the organism, gene flow, and population substructure, as well as by the frequency patterns of genetic markers used and the sampling design. Here, we compare Ne estimates obtained by different genetic methods and from demographic data and elucidate how the estimates are affected by various factors in an exhaustively sampled and comprehensively described natural brown trout (Salmo trutta) system. In general, the methods yielded rather congruent estimates, and we ascribe that to the adequate genotyping and exhaustive sampling. Effects of violating the assumptions of the different methods were nevertheless apparent. In accordance with theoretical studies, skewed allele frequencies would underestimate temporal allele frequency changes and thereby upwardly bias Ne if not accounted for. Overlapping generations and iteroparity would also upwardly bias Ne when applied to temporal samples taken over short time spans. Gene flow from a genetically not very dissimilar source population decreases temporal allele frequency changes and thereby acts to increase estimates of Ne. Our study reiterates the importance of adequate sampling, quantification of life-history parameters and gene flow, and incorporating these data into the Ne estimation.
Population Genetics Models of Local Ancestry
Authors: Gravel Simon
Published: April 2012

Migrations have played an important role in shaping the genetic diversity of human populations. Understanding genomic data thus requires careful modeling of historical gene flow. Here we consider the effect of relatively recent population structure and gene flow and interpret genomes of individuals that have ancestry from multiple source populations as mosaics of segments originating from each population. This article describes general and tractable models for local ancestry patterns with a focus on the length distribution of continuous ancestry tracts and the variance in total ancestry proportions among individuals. The models offer improved agreement with Wright–Fisher simulation data when compared to the state-of-the art and can be used to infer time-dependent migration rates from multiple populations. Considering HapMap African-American (ASW) data, we find that a model with two distinct phases of “European” gene flow significantly improves the modeling of both tract lengths and ancestry variances.
The sunny side of psychology
Authors: Oláh Attila
Published: April 2012

A tematikus kötet bevezető tanulmánya ismerteti a pozitív pszichológia kialakulásának körülményeit és azokat a célkitűzéseket, amelyeket az évezred új tudományos irányzata első kiáltványában megfogalmaz. A történeti előzményekből foglalkozik a humanisztikus pszichológiából vállalt örökséggel, és említést tesz arról, hogy a pozitív pszichológia felvállalja a humanisztikus felvetések empirikus kutatásokkal történő igazolását. A tanulmány tíz pontban foglalja össze a pozitív pszichológiának az elmúlt tíz évben elért eredményeit (pl. az erősségek leltárának kidolgozása, a pozitív érzelmek elméletének megalkotása, a mentális egészség tünettanának és kétdimenziós modelljének kimunkálása, az élményfokozó stratégiák azonosítása). Kritikai szempontként említésre kerül az egységes fogalomtár és egy átfogó elmélet megalkotásának hiánya.
The analysis the validity of Salovey and Mayer’s emotional intelligence model
Authors: Nagy Henriett
Published: April 2012

A tanulmányban bemutatott kutatás laboratóriumi helyzetben tesztelte az érzelmi intelligencia alkalmazkodási hatékonyságot előmozdító szerepét. A hangulatok és a kognitív teljesítmény együttjárásait vizsgáló kutatásunk az érzelmi intelligenciát teljesítményteszt és önbeszámolós kérdőív alkalmazásával is mérte, így lehetővé vált a képesség-érzelmi intelligencia és a vonás-érzelmi intelligencia konst¬ruk¬tu¬mok érvényességének összehasonlítása is. A laboratóriumi kutatás során a filmvetítés segítségével manipulált hangulat (pozitív és negatív hangulatindukció) különböző teljesítménymutatókra (verbális fluen¬cia, figyelemterjedelem, figyelmi pontosság) gyakorolt hatásait vizsgáltuk az érzelmi intelligencia függvényében. Az érzelmi/hangulati hatások felhasználása a kognitív folyamatok hatékonyságának fokozásához bármely érzelmi intelligencia modell esetében kulcsösszetevő. Eredményeink szerint a magas érzelmi intelligenciával jellemezhető személyek voltak képesek a pozitív és a negatív hangulati hatásokat eredményesen felhasználni különböző teljesítményeik növeléséhez.
Busca de paralelismo entre conhecimento pedagógico do conteúdo e processo de raciocínio e ação pedagógica
Authors: Marcon Daniel , Graça Amândio Braga dos Santos , Nascimento Juarez Vieira do
Published: April 2012

Ao apresentar as propostas do conhecimento pedagógico do conteúdo e do processo de raciocínio e da ação pedagógica, Shulman não explicitou, em sua teoria, as possíveis relações entre elas. Visando a analisar tais relações, este ensaio colocou lado a lado esses dois temas nucleares nos estudos de Shulman e, respaldado por outras investigações que abordam esses temas, buscou descobrir como podem se inter-relacionar na formação inicial de professores. As informações analisadas permitem inferir que ambas as propostas mantêm estreita, recíproca e quase interdependente relação entre si, de modo que se permeiam, se complementam e somam esforços no sentido comum de transformar os conhecimentos do conteúdo dos futuros professores em conhecimentos ensináveis aos alunos. A consideração dessas questões pelos programas de formação e sua implementação, por meio de práticas pedagógicas e suas reflexões, têm potencial para integrar esses elementos e qualificar a formação inicial dos futuros professores.
Relatos de experiencia, saber pedagógico y reconstrucción de la memoria escolar
Authors: Suárez Daniel H.
Published: April 2012

El artículo explora las potencialidades teóricas, metodológicas y políticas de la documentación narrativa de experiencias pedagógicas como dispositivo de investigación-formación-acción entre docentes y modalidad de trabajo colaborativo orientado a la reconstrucción de la memoria pedagógica de la escuela y al cambio educativo. Para ello, propone una mirada pedagógica de las escuelas, los docentes y el currículum, vincula en términos teóricos la narrativa docente, la memoria pedagógica y el currículum en acción, presenta argumentos a favor del diseño de formas de documentación pedagógica alternativas a las dominantes, pondera los relatos de experiencias pedagógicas como otra manera de nombrar el mundo escolar, se interroga e identifica potencialidades críticas de la estrategia, pone en consideración una definición amplia de saber pedagógico e imagina algunas implicancias intelectuales y políticas de la difusión de estas modalidades alternativas de producción de saber pedagógico, formación entre pares e intervención política en el campo pedagógico.
O sentido das instituições escolares na profissão docente desde a perspectiva biográfica
Authors: Hernandez Rosa María Torres
Published: April 2012

O artigo analisa, a partir das autobiografias, os significados que mobilizam os docentes de educação básica em seu encontro com as instituições escolares. Aborda como nestas instituições se estabelecem referências identificadoras substantivas para a profissão docente, para isso se interpretam as narrações autobiográficas levando em conta: 1) as constantes na "variação da velocidade" no discurso, 2) os trajetos, 3) as tensões e contradições. O estudo das autobiografias mostra que a experiência na instituição de educação primária é substantiva para a profissão docente. O normal é o lugar da identidade profissional, mas em articulação com a experiência acumulada na escola primária, não somente pelos vínculos e sim, além disso, graças às trajetórias e as contradições sustentadas no estabelecimento escolar.
Homens brasileiros jovens e representações sociais de saúde e doença
Authors: Nascimento Adriano Roberto Afonso do , Trindade Zeidi Araújo , Gianordoli-Nascimento Ingrid Faria
Published: April 2012

Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar as representações sociais de saúde e de doença, bem como os principais motivos para procura por assistência médica, entre homens jovens (idade entre 18 e 25 anos) da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte/MG/Brasil. Foram entrevistados 100 sujeitos. Os dados foram submetidos às análises de evocação e de conteúdo. A análise dos resultados obtidos indica uma possível relação, por um lado, entre saúde, manutenção e prevenção, através da centralidade dos elementos bem-estar e qualidade de vida vinculados à procura por assistência médica em consultórios e, por outro, entre doença, reparação e supressão do sofrimento com a busca por assistência médica nos hospitais. Tais dados podem ajudar a orientar propostas de intervenção dirigidas à saúde de homens jovens, pois revelam a necessidade de abordagens diferenciadas para a prevenção de doenças e para a reparação da saúde.
Evidências de validade de uma versão brasileira do Inventário de Funções do Voluntariado - IFV
Authors: Pilati Ronaldo , Hees Maria Alexandra Gaiofatto
Published: April 2012

Entender os motivos que levam o indivíduo a iniciar e manter-se no voluntariado pode contribuir para o recrutamento de novos voluntários e para a retenção no serviço de pessoas já engajadas, pois permite aproximar os objetivos individuais de potenciais voluntários das exigências e benefícios associados às oportunidades concretas de ajuda que o ambiente proporciona. O presente trabalho teve como objetivos adaptar e validar para o Brasil o Inventário de Funções do Voluntariado (IFV) e correlacionar o IFV com a versão reduzida do Questionário de Perfis de Valores (QPV21). Além de corroborar a validade convergente entre estes dois instrumentos, os resultados indicaram que as motivações dos 319 participantes agregaram-se em torno de quatro fatores (valores e entendimento, proteção, carreira e engrandecimento social), replicando parcialmente a estrutura fatorial do instrumento original e confirmando a existência de diferenças culturais nas motivações para o voluntariado. Outras implicações teóricas e empíricas são discutidas.
Construção e estudos psicométricos de uma Escala de Avaliação da Impulsividade
Authors: Ávila-Batista Ana Cristina , Rueda Fabián Javier Marín
Published: April 2012

O trabalho teve como objetivo descrever a construção e os estudos psicométricos iniciais de uma escala para avaliação da impulsividade. Para isso foram realizados três estudos com três amostras diferentes de alunos de um curso técnico em segurança pública do estado de Minas Gerais. Em todos os casos, a análise da estrutura interna evidenciou a existência de quatro fatores. A denominação dos fatores foi "Falta de concentração e de persistência", "Controle cognitivo", "Planejamento futuro" e "Audácia e temeridade". A análise de precisão por meio do alfa de Cronbach apresentou coeficientes considerados adequados. Os resultados da pesquisa permitiram concluir que os objetivos iniciais do estudo foram alcançados, construindo a Escala de Avaliação da Impulsividade (EsAvI), que pode ser aplicada tanto em sua forma A quanto em sua forma B (EsAvI-A e EsAvI-B, respectivamente).
Estudo da produção científica da revista Psico-USF de 2007 a 2011
Authors: Pinto Lariana Paula , de Lima Thatiana Helena , de Lima Robisom Carlos
Published: April 2012

O presente estudo investigou a produção científica da revista Psico-USF, entre os anos de 2007 a 2011. Foram utilizados 12 volumes, dos quais 155 artigos foram analisados com base nos seguintes critérios: quantidade de artigos publicados por número da revista, região em que prevaleceram as pesquisas, natureza da autoria, gênero dos autores, referências utilizadas na fundamentação dos artigos publicados, distribuição por tema de estudo e por tipo de trabalho, bem como por tipo de material utilizado nas pesquisas de campo, e as referências utilizadas. Os dados evidenciaram a manutenção da média de artigos publicados por número, dando destaque, entretanto, para o acréscimo de um terceiro número de publicação ao ano. Observou-se que o relato de pesquisa foi a forma mais utilizada e a região sudeste, a que mais publicou nesse período. Houve ainda a predominância da autoria múltipla e feminina e, quanto às temáticas, a maioria dos trabalhos se voltou aos fundamentos e medidas em psicologia. Quanto às referências utilizadas, a maioria dos trabalhos se fundamentou preponderantemente em artigos de periódicos científicos.
Desenvolvimento da função mediadora do professor em oficinas de jogos
Authors: Campos Maria Célia Rabello Malta , Macedo Lino de
Published: April 2012

O primeiro objetivo deste artigo é descrever uma metodologia de formação docente fundamentada no conceito de Experiência de Aprendizagem Mediada descrito por Feuerstein, Klein e Tannenbaum. Seus princípios metodológicos foram adaptados ao modelo de oficinas de jogos, visando favorecer processos de aprendizagem ou formação do professor. O segundo objetivo é apresentar um estudo de caso, o da professora Juliana, em que estes aspectos são analisados com respeito aos indicadores de seus progressos como mediadora. Os dados foram extraídos de observações gravadas em vídeo efetuadas durante seu processo formativo e permitiram identificar estratégias e procedimentos que podem ser considerados como indicadores da função mediadora, de acordo com critérios de mediação definidos pelos autores citados (intencionalidade-reciprocidade, transcendência e significado). O estudo pode contribuir em projetos de formação docente voltados ao desenvolvimento e avaliação de competências em métodos ativos de ensino.
Causes of recruitment failure in freshwater mussel populations in southeastern New York
Authors: Strayer David L. , Malcom Heather M.
Published: April 2012

Populations of freshwater mussels (Unionoida) are declining or disappearing from many waters around the world. In many declining populations, recruitment fails before adult mortality occurs, resulting in relict populations that can persist for decades. We tested whether recruitment failure in populations of the freshwater musselElliptio complanatawas associated with invasion of nonnative crayfish, loss of a primary fish host (American eelAnguilla rostrata), excessive inputs of fine sediments, or unfavorable interstitial water chemistry (too little dissolved oxygen or too much un‐ionized ammonia). We sampled mussel populations, crayfish populations, and environmental conditions at 14 sites on wadeable streams in southeastern New York. Five of the mussel populations had little or no recent recruitment. We found no association between recruitment failure and crayfish, American eels, fine sediments, or interstitial dissolved oxygen. In contrast, recruitment failure was strongly associated with high concentrations (>0.2 μg N/L) of un‐ionized ammonia. This threshold is much lower than thresholds for acute ammonia toxicity identified in laboratory studies. We suggest that excessive concentrations of interstitial un‐ionized ammonia may be responsible for widespread declines of freshwater mussel populations, especially in agricultural areas.
A Sociotechnical Approach to Evaluating the Impact of ICT on Clinical Care Environments
Authors: Li Julie
Published: April 2012

Introduction: Process-supporting information technology holds the potential to increase efficiency, reduce errors, and alter professional roles and responsibilities in a manner which allows improvement in the delivery of patient care. However, clashes between the model of health care work inscribed in these tools with the actual nature of work has resulted in staff resistance and decreased organisational uptake of ICT, as well as the facilitation of unexpected and negative effects in efficiency and patient safety. Sociotechnical theory provides a paradigm against which workflow and transfusion of ICT in healthcare could be better explored and understood.

Design: This paper will conceptualise a formative, multi-method longitudinal evaluation process to explore the impact of ICT with an appreciation of the relationship between the social and technical systems within a clinical department.

Method: Departmental culture, including clinical work processes and communication patterns will be thoroughly explored before system implementation using both quantitative and qualitative research methods. Findings will be compared with post implementation data, which will incorporate measurement of safety and workflow efficiency indicators.

Discussion: Sociotechnical theory provides a paradigm against which workflow and transfusion of ICT in healthcare could be better explored and understood. However, sociotechnical and multimethod approaches to evaluation do not exist without criticism. Inherent in the protocol are limitations of sociotechnical theory and criticism of the multimethod approach; testing of the methodology in real clinical settings will serve to verify efficacy and refine the process.
Standards for Scalable Clinical Decision Support: Need, Current and Emerging Standards, Gaps, and Proposal for Progress
Authors: Kawamoto Kensaku , Del Fiol Guilherme , Lobach David F. , Jenders Robert A
Published: April 2012

Despite their potential to significantly improve health care, advanced clinical decision support (CDS) capabilities are not widely available in the clinical setting. An important reason for this limited availability of CDS capabilities is the application-specific and institution-specific nature of most current CDS implementations. Thus, a critical need for enabling CDS capabilities on a much larger scale is the development and adoption of standards that enable current and emerging CDS resources to be more effectively leveraged across multiple applications and care settings. Standards required for such effective scaling of CDS include (i) standard terminologies and information models to represent and communicate about health care data; (ii) standard approaches to representing clinical knowledge in both human-readable and machine-executable formats; and (iii) standard approaches for leveraging these knowledge resources to provide CDS capabilities across various applications and care settings. A number of standards do exist or are under development to meet these needs. However, many gaps and challenges remain, including the excessive complexity of many standards; the limited availability of easily accessible knowledge resources implemented using standard approaches; and the lack of tooling and other practical resources to enable the efficient adoption of existing standards. Thus, the future development and widespread adoption of current CDS standards will depend critically on the availability of tooling, knowledge bases, and other resources that make the adoption of CDS standards not only the right approach to take, but the cost-effective path to follow given the alternative of using a traditional, ad hoc approach to implementing CDS.
Differential relationship of coping styles with well-being and ill-being of professional firemen
Authors: Avsec Andreja , Novak Maja , Bajec Bostjan
Published: April 2012

In the present study we were interested in how coping styles relate to
different indicators of well- and ill-being. We assumed that coping styles
are differently related to well- and ill-being indicators because they are
theoretically and empirically independent from each other. To examine this
assumption we asked 139 professional firemen to fill in measures of coping
styles (COPE, EAS), well-being (PANAS, SWLS) and ill-being (IES-R, PANAS).
The results confirmed the overall importance of non-constructive coping for
illbeing and well-being, whereas constructive coping predicted only positive
emotionality. The prototypical masculine working environment characteristic
for our sample could be the cause that socially/emotionally oriented coping
is the weakest predictor of well-being, although other studies report the
adaptive role of conscientious dealing with individual?s own emotions as a
coping style. Both well- and ill-being measures should be used to get an
insight into a complex area of individual?s adaptation to stress.
Developmental Task Attainment in Adolescents from Families with a Recovering Alcoholic or Active Alcoholic Father
Authors: Grzegorzewska Iwona , Cierpiałkowska Lidia
Published: April 2012

Developmental Task Attainment in Adolescents from Families with a Recovering Alcoholic or Active Alcoholic Father

The problem under consideration is the issue of adolescent developmental tasks in families with alcohol-related problems, especially in families which contain one or more treated alcoholics. In the present work it was hypothesised that the treatment of alcoholic fathers would be one of the more important protective factors in families coping with alcoholism. The participants of the study included 91 children, aged 17-18. The research sample was comprised of three groups: 31 children of active alcoholics, 30 children of treated alcoholics, and 30 children of non-alcoholic parents. In general, the results of the study highlight the roles of temperament and parenting practices in the progress of developmental tasks. The data revealed that family characteristics were correlated to the predictors of these tasks. The groups used in the study were differed according to the factors of their developmental tasks.
Weldability Investigations of AlCuMg Alloys for Extrusion Welding
Authors: Leśniak D.
Published: April 2012

Weldability Investigations of AlCuMg Alloys for Extrusion Welding

The extrusion of hollow shapes from high strength aluminum alloys with the use of porthole dies encounters, in practice, great difficulties, mainly due to the poor weldability of these materials and the high forces needed to conduct the process. In the work, an original method and a special device are presented, which enable to determine the welding conditions of hard deformable aluminum alloys. The main advantage of the proposed method is that it simulates the conditions occurring in the welding chamber of the porthole dies. The weldability tests were performed for the 2024 alloy with extreme contents of Cu and Mg, in a wide range of welding temperatures and pressures. The microstructure and the seam welds' strength were also examined. The welding conditions for 2024 alloy, which allowed for obtaining high-quality seam welds were determined. The parameter describing the ability to weld was defined as the stress necessary for the welding to the yield stress ratio (σw/k) and was determined for the analyzed alloys. The obtained welding stress values will be the basis for the porthole die design.
The effects of biological and chemical controls on fungal communities colonising tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plants and soil
Authors: Cwalina-Ambroziak Bożena , Nowak Maciej
Published: April 2012

Tomato plants (Rumba Ożarowska cultivar) grown in the greenhouse of the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn were treated with the biological control agent Polyversum WP, the growth promoter Biochikol 020 PC, the growth regulator Asahi SL, a mycorrhizal inoculum, and the fungicide Bravo 500 SC. Untreated plants served as the control. After fruit harvest, soil, stem and root samples were collected, and fungi were isolated in the laboratory. The applied biological and chemical control agents effectively reduced the abundance of fungi, including pathogenic species, colonising tomato plants and soil. The fungicide Bravo 500 SC showed the highest efficacy. Amongst the biological control agents, Biochikol 020 PC and the mycorrhizal inoculum were most effective in controlling stem colonisation by pathogens, while Polyversum WP offered the best protection of tomato roots and soil.
Clan, Sage, and Sky
Authors: Chávez Alicia Fedelina , Ke Fengfeng , Herrera Felisha A.
Published: April 2012

Colleges and universities retain Native American and Latino college students at lower rates than other ethnic groups even when culturally based services, financial assistance, and support are provided. College teaching and conceptions of learning have yet to evolve on a widespread basis toward culturally diverse epistemologies and practice. This narrative inquiry explores meaning making of 50 Native, Hispano, and Mestizo American students about their learning in a variety of contexts including face-to-face and online college courses as well as learning at home, in extended family and tribal contexts. The study also explores teaching practices students identified as most helpful to their learning and success. Underlying cultural constructs emerged from narrative analysis in eight areas of learning.
Cultural Ecology of the Highland Communities: Some Anthropological Observations from Eastern Nepal
Authors: Uprety Laya Prasad
Published: April 2012

This research paper has two-fold objectives: (i) to familiarize the graduate students majoring in anthropology with the theoretical underpinnings of cultural ecology, and (ii) to analyze and explicate the ecological-cultural adaptations among the communities living in the harsh mountain ecological setting of eastern Nepal and their traditional organizations and institutions contributing to community welfare and social equity within the framework of cultural ecology. The paper has been based on the impressionistic data garnered in from the Himalayan ecological setting in eastern Nepal.DOI: 10.3126/dsaj.v1i0.273Dhaulagiri Vol.1 (2005) pp.1-32