bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NECÂTÎ’NİN “BENİM” REDİFLİ GAZELİNİN TAHLİLİ
Authors: AKIN Mehmet
Published: January 2024

Tahirü’l Mevlevî’ye kadar Türkçe manzumelere yapılan şerhler incelendiğinde şerh edilen eserlerin tasavvufî malzemeden seçildiği ve şarihlerin de mutasavvıf olduğu müşahede edilir. Bu şerh geleneğinin tasavvufçular arasında teşekkül ettiğini gösterir. Metin şerhi metni anlamaya yönelen bir yöntemdir. Metin inceleme yöntemlerinden biri de tahlil yöntemidir. Tahlilin şerhle benzeşen yönleri olmakla birlikte ona göre daha kapsamlı bir yöntemdir. Tahlilde metnin biçimi, vezni, dili, edebi sanatları, muhtevası, şairin meydana getirdiği duygu, düşünce ve hayal dünyası, şairin iç dünyası, sosyal hayat ve metnin dönemle ilişkisi gibi geniş bir yelpazeyle esere yaklaşılır. Tahlilde şerhe göre eseri inceleyenin yorumu daha fazla işin içine girer. Divan şiirinde diğer nazım şekilleri şerh ve tahlil edilmekle birlikte bu konuda gazeller başı çekmektedir. Divan şiirinde en fazla rağbet gören nazım şekli gazeldir. Gazeller işlediği konulara göre türlere ayrılmıştır. Bu türlerden en yaygını âşıkane (garami, lirik) gazellerdir. Âşıkane gazellerde aşkın verdiği mutluluk ve sıkıntı, sevgilinden yakınma, ona karşı yakarışlar içli bir üslupla anlatılır. Âşıkane gazelleriyle tanınan şairlerden biri de Necâtî’dir. Necâtî, 15. yüzyılın gazel alanında en dikkat çekici ismidir. Osmanlı sahasında şiire folklorik ve mahallî özelliklerin taşınması onunla birlikte başlamıştır. Bu makalede 15. yüzyılın gazel sahasının en önemli şairlerinden Necâtî’nin bir gazeli tahlil edildi. Öncelikle gazelin çevriyazısına yer verildi. Bundan sonra gazeldeki bazı kelimelerin günümüz Türkçesindeki karşılıkları belirtildi. Bu aşamadan sonra beyitler nesre çevrilerek günümüz Türkçesine aktarıldı. İnceleme bölümünde gazelin beyitleri tahlil edildi. Neticede Necâtî’nin sade ve akıcı bir Türkçeyle folklorik özellikleri şiirine nasıl taşıdığı gösterildi. İncelenen gazelin âşıkane olduğu saptandı. Bu gazelde âşığın sevgiliye duyduğu hasretten dolayı yaşadığı ızdırap Necâti tarafından çeşitli imajlara başvurularak estetik bir şekilde aktarılmıştır.
İDEOLOJİSİYLE EVLENEN KADIN SELMA HANIM
Authors: ALTUNYAY Korhan
Published: January 2024

Yakup Kadri Ankara isimli romanını, Kadro dergisinin/hareketinin tezlerini dikkate alarak, 1934 yılında yayımlamıştır. Roman, sadece Kadro dergisinin/hareketinin tezlerini değil, aynı zamanda Kemalist ideolojinin temel düşüncelerini de yansıtmaktadır. Üç bölümden oluşan Ankara’nın, yazarın bu tutumundan dolayı ideolojik bir roman olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Romanın başkahramanı ve tüm olayların kendisi üzerinden anlatıldığı Selma Hanım da yazarın, ideolojisine görünürlük kazandırdığı kişidir. Selma Hanım, bankacı eşi Nazif Bey’den, onun Millî Mücadele devam ederken sergilediği tutumdan dolayı ayrılmıştır. Nazif Bey, Millî Mücadele’de zaferin kazanılacağına inanmamaktadır. Bu ayrılığın ardından Selma Hanım, Kuvayımilliyeci, vatansever ve savaştan sonra Miralay rütbesi alan Binbaşı Hakkı Bey’le evlenmiş, Cumhuriyet’in kurulmasından sonra inkılaplardan uzak durarak yaşadığı sefih hayatı ve kendisini aldatmasını gerekçe göstererek ondan da ayrılmış ve ideolojik açıdan kendisine yakınlık duyduğu Neşet Sabit’le hayatını birleştirmiştir. Yansıtıcı bilinç Neşet Sabit, sohbetleriyle, eleştirileriyle ve yorumlarıyla Selma Hanım’ın kendisine yönelmesini sağlamıştır. Selma Hanım, son iki evliliğini (Binbaşı Hakkı Bey ile Neşet Sabit) aşk duygusuyla değil, bu iki erkeğin Cumhuriyet, devrimler ve vatanla ilgili fikirlerinden etkilenerek yapmıştır. Selma Hanım’ın yaptığı iki evliliğin mahiyetinin tartışılacağı bu makalede “ideoloji” kavramı kısaca açıklanarak, Selma Hanım’ın Kuvayımilliyeci Binbaşı Hakkı Bey ile gazeteci Neşet Sabit’in fikirlerinden ve duruşundan nasıl etkilendiği üzerinde durulacak, aslında Selma Hanım’ın ideolojik yakınlık duyduğu için bu kişilerle evlendiği anlatılacaktır.
Effect of clinical and laboratory techniques of cementation on the assessment of marginal and internal fit of prosthetic elements
Authors: Pinto Carolina Chaves , Silva Leonardo André Lins da , Licurci Cristiana Almeida de Assis , Canabarro Antonio
Published: January 2024

Aim: The aim of this in vitro study was to compare machine and manual cementation of prosthetic elements by measuring internal and marginal fits. Methods: Eighteen anatomic prefabricated abutments were used to manufacture zirconia copings in the Ceramill (n=9) and Lava systems (n=9). The copings were cemented with a fluid consistency addition silicone using a machine (n=18) and manually (n=18) according to the replica technique. They were then cut in the buccal-palatal and mesial-distal directions. The film thickness was photographed using an optical microscope and measured in the internal and marginal regions. The data collected were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test (∂=.05). The Bland-Altman test was performed to evaluate the agreement between the methods. Results: In the evaluation of the internal and marginal misfits, the mean values observed for the cementation performed with the aid of a machine and manually, were as follows: angular regions, 76.7 μm and 76.2 μm; linear regions, 60.6 μm and 60.7 μm; incisal region, 144.8 μm and 145.2 μm; marginal region, 40.1 μm and 40.2 μm; and overall mean, 80.4 μm and 80.6 μm, respectively. No significant differences were found between the 2 methods, for any of regions and systems (P>.05). The Bland-Altman test showed agreement between the methods (P>.05) and that the limits of agreement found were clinically acceptable. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, we can conclude that cementation using manual techniques or mechanical aid produces the same cement films.
“Literatura técnica e didática antiga, incluindo seus desdobramentos”
Authors: Trevizam Matheus
Published: January 2024

Neste número de 2023, novamente a revista Phaos acolhe um dossiê em relação com o âmbito temático-formal da Literatura técnica e didática antiga, incluindo seus desdobramentos. Em dois casos – quando referimos as contribuições de Júlia Batista Castilho de Avellar e Matheus Trevizam –, trata-se de trabalhos que resultaram do evento “Segundo Ciclo de Palestras do Grupo ‘Tradução e Estudo da Literatura Técnica e Didática Romana’”, ocorrido em 25 de maio de 2023 na Faculdade de Letras da UFMG (Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte/MG).
Analyzing Profitability Performance with the Integrated MEREC-COBRA Method: The Case of BIST Retail Companies
Authors: Oğuz Alparslan , Satır Haluk
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the financial performance of retail trade enterprises whose shares are traded on Borsa Istanbul by using profitability ratios. Within the scope of the study, the data of ten retail trade enterprises covering the period 2021-2022 were used. The weight of the performance criteria used in the study was determined by the MEREC method. COBRA method was used to determine the performance ranking among the firms. A two-stage sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine the consistency of the analysis results. In the first stage, seven different multi-criteria decision-making methods were used to rank the firms according to their performance. The consistency between the results of the study and the results of other methods was determined by Spearman correlation coefficients. In the second stage, scenarios with different criteria weights were tested. Sensitivity analysis showed that the results were stable and consistent. According to the results of the study, MIPAZ ranked first in profitability performance for both years.
Classroom Teachers' Professional Competencies and Their Effects on Considering Students' Individual Differences from the Qweismeh District Teachers' Point of View
Authors: Al-Zaidi Heba Asaad
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the study was to evaluate how classroom instructors in the Qweismeh district, affiliated with the capital, Amman, in the Hashemite Kingdom of ‎Jordan considered the availability of professional competencies and their effects on dealing with student individual differences. The study uses a descriptive analytical methodology and a 44-item questionnaire to ensure the validity and reliability of the data.182 classroom teachers from the Qweismeh District were included in the sample. The results showed that the Al-Quwaisimah District's classroom instructors had a modest degree of professional competence. Additionally, the study ‎ demonstrated a statistically significant correlation (at the significance level of α≥0.05) between the professional competencies of classroom teachers and their awareness of individual variations. The study suggests implementing intensive training programs to improve the professional competencies of classroom teachers in the Qweismeh District based on these findings.
Isolation of Lytic Bacteriophages infected Indonesian-strain Vibrio parahaemolyticus and its Protective Effects on Brine Shrimp (Artemia sp.)
Authors: Wahjuningrum Dinamella , Ramhirez Putri Shandra , Nuzullia Laely , Yuhana Munti , Sukenda Sukenda , Nasrullah Hasan
Published: January 2024

Highlight Research

vB_Vp_TSK01 and vB_Vp_JKT02 a specific parahaemolyticus bacteriophage were isolated from the shrimp aquaculture water.
Compared to control vB_Vp_TSK01 reduced 11.46±1.35% of bacterial growth, and by 9.86±5.92% for vB_Vp_JKT02 treatment.
Their cocktail had the highest parahemolyticus growth inhibition by 30.92±3.89%.
The phage treatment increased the survival of the Artemia by 28.57% compared to infection control.

Abstract
Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND) caused by V. parahaemolyticus infection was one of the major diseases in shrimp culture in recent years. The Vibrio could also affect the survival of Artemia as the shrimp’s main live feed in the hatchery and they become the possible carrier for the AHPND. Phage therapy in shrimp aquaculture could reduce the application of the antibiotic as an antibacterial agent for the AHPND. The present study aimed to isolate the specific lytic phage for the Indonesian strain of V. parahaemolyticus (Vp) and evaluate the phage therapy for the brine shrimp Artemia infected with the Vp. The Vp-specific phage was isolated from the shrimp farm’s water at Tasikmalaya, and North Jakarta City, Indonesia. After isolation and plaque assay, brine shrimp were used as a model to evaluate the phages’ anti-Vibrio activity The Vp-lytic phage was successfully isolated from shrimp culture water at North Jakarta and Tasikmalaya (Vb_Vp_TSK01 and Vb_Vp_JKT01, respectively) and the results showed that both isolated phages and their cocktails were capable to inhibit the growth of Vp with the highest inhibition shown at the cocktail treatment (p<0.05). The survival of Artemia was higher in the phage treatments (p<0.005) compared to the infected control. Infected control had 68.33% of brine shrimp survival, and the Vb_Vp_TSK01, Vb_Vp_JKT01, and their cocktail had similar average brine shrimp survival of 91.11%. In conclusion, phage therapy proved effective in preventing vibriosis in brine shrimp under the conditions tested.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Electrochemistry of Mono- and Bis-Homoannular Ferrocene Derivatives
Authors: Pokharel Uttam R. , Daigle Derek , Naquin Stone , Engeron Gwyneth , Lo Mary , Fronczek Frank R.
Published: January 2024

Two ferrocene derivatives, namely, 1,2-(tetramethylene)-ferrocene and 1,2,1’,2’-bis(tetramethylene)-ferrocene, were synthesized in a four-step reaction sequence starting from ferrocene. Friedel-Craft acylation of ferrocene with succinic anhydride gave mono- or bis(3-carboxypropinoyl)ferrocene depending on the stoichiometry of succinic anhydride. The reduction of the keto groups to methylene, followed by ring-closing using trifluoroacetic anhydride gave 1,2-(α-ketotetramethylene)-ferrocene or 1,2,1’,2’-bis(α-ketotetramethylene)ferrocene. The diastereomeric mixture of the latter diketones was separated by column chromatography, characterized by single-crystal X-ray analysis, and assigned their stereochemistry. Reduction of the keto groups to methylene under Clemmensen conditions gave homoannular mono- or bis(tetramethylene) ferrocene derivatives. The molecular structure of 1,2-(tetramethylene)-ferrocene revealed that the ipso carbon atoms of the cyclopentadienyl group are 0.023(3) Å farther away from Fe(II) compared to the remaining three carbon atoms. Both complexes exhibit lower half-wave oxidation potentials than ferrocene, possibly due to the electron-releasing effects of the tetramethylene bridges.
Evidence of Correlation between Pathogenicity, Avirulence Genes and Aggressiveness of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense in Banana “Cavendish” and “Prata” Subgroups
Authors: Velame Karinna V C , Pestana Katia Nogueira , Rocha Anelita de Jesus , Ferreira Mileide dos Santos , Haddad Fernando , Amorim Vanusia B. Oliveira , Ferreira Claudia Forttes , Alves Santos de Oliveira Saulo , Amorim Edson Perito
Published: January 2024

Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is one of the most destructive diseases in banana farming worldwide. Knowledge of the factors of genetic diversity and virulence of the pathogen contributes to the development of resistant cultivars and in management strategies based on exclusion. In this study, phenotypic traits such as virulence and aggressiveness in a sample of 52 Foc isolates, were analyzed and their relationship to the presence of putative effectors of gene SIX (Secreted in Xylem) pathogenicity homologues, verified. According to the dissimilarity matrix, there were three isolates closest to the standard Foc race 1 strain. Isolates 229A and 218A, were selected according to their aggressiveness profile in 'Grand Naine' and 'Prata-Anã', respectively, I order to replace the standard isolate of race 1 in the resistance screening process carried out by the breeding program. Two homologues of the SIX8 gene, SIX8a and SIX8b, are present in isolates of Foc from Brazil and the SIX8b gene correlates with avirulence in the cultivar ‘Grand Naine’ (Cavendish). These results are important to support the banana genetic breeding program by identification of sources of resistance to Foc and contribute in the establishment of the function of SIX effector proteins.
Vertical Graphene-Based Electrochemical Biosensor for Detection of Specific Chemotherapeutic Agents
Authors: Avram Marioara , Marculescu Catalin , Preda Petruta , Chiriac Eugen , Burinaru Tiberiu , Pârvulescu Cătălin , Brincoveanu Oana , Avram Andrei
Published: January 2024

This study is part of an extended investigation into the quantitative detection of therapeutic molecules with antineoplastic properties, specifically focusing on bleomycin. The objective is to minimize adverse effects while maximizing therapeutic effectiveness. We are presenting the results for bleomycin detection, in terms of cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. We are continuing an approach we have recently started, of an electrochemical biosensor based on graphene, which is evidenced to be a revolutionary nanomaterial. The vertical graphene biosensor exhibited improved sensitivity, faster response, faster occurrence of the chemical reactions, and higher electrode surface conductivity, than the classical gold IDE sensor. The construction of the electrochemical sensor involved growing vertically aligned graphene nanosheets on the conductive surface of interdigitated electrodes. The results for bleomycin detection emphasized that a simpler surface modification method proved to be more efficient.
Oleogel-Based Nanoemulsions for Beverages: Effect of Self-Assembled Fibrillar Networks on Stability and Release Properties of Emulsions
Authors: Sagiri Sai Sateesh , Poverenov Elena
Published: January 2024

Reducing the use of stabilizers is one of the main challenges in food emulsions, especially for beverages. This work aimed to produce oleogel structured nanoemulsions (NEs) without additional surfactants. Lecithin-stearic acid (LSa) and lecithin-sorbitan tristearate (LSt) oleogels formed stable NEs under optimized sonication conditions. Microscopy and rheometry revealed that the presence of self-assembled fibrous networks (SAFiNs) in both dispersed and continuous phases provided steric stabilization to NEs. Lecithin acted as crystal habit modifier of SAFiNs and facilitated their phase partitioning. Notably, short fibers of LSt showed better emulsifying efficiency than the long fibers of LSa. Curcumin release studies under simulated gastrointestinal conditions demonstrated that SAFiNs affect the release capabilities of NEs. Polydispersity index, zeta potential and oil syneresis data showed that emulsions are stable for six months. Moreover, NEs showed thermal stability upon curcumin release at 25 and 50 °C. These results suggested that the developed oleogel-based NEs are suitable for delivery of bioactive agents for beverages and other food applications.
Regression Metamodel-Based Digital Twin for an Industrial Dynamic Crossflow Filtration Process
Authors: Heusel Matthias , Grim Gunnar , Rauhut Joel , Franzreb Matthias
Published: January 2024

Dynamic crossflow filtration (DCF) is the state-of-the-art technology for solid-liquid separation from viscous and sensitive feed streams in the food and biopharma industry. Up to now, the potential of industrial processes is often not fully exploited because fixed recipes are usually applied to run the processes. Therefore, a digital twin has been developed to optimize an industrial brownfield DCF plant. The core of the digital twin is a mechanistic-empirical process model combining fundamental filtration laws with process expert knowledge. The effect of variation of selected process and model parameters on plant productivity has been assessed using a model-based design-of-experiments approach and a regression metamodel has been trained with the data. A cyclic program that bidirectionally communicates with the DCF asset serves as frame of the digital twin. It monitors the process dynamics membrane torque and transmembrane pressure and feeds back the optimum permeate flow rate setpoint to the physical asset in almost real-time during process runs. The presented digital twin framework is a simple example how an industrial established process can be controlled by a hybrid model-based algorithm. With a digital process dynamics model at hand, the presented metamodel optimization approach can be easily transferred to other (bio)chemical processes.
Leucine-rich repeat in polycystin-1 suppresses cystogenesis in a zebrafish (Danio rerio) model of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Authors: Padhy Biswajit , Amir Mohammad , Xie Jian , Huang Chou-Long
Published: January 2024

Mutations of PKD1 coding for polycystin-1 (PC1) account for most of the autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). The extracellular region of PC1 contains many evolutionarily conserved domains for ligand interactions. Among these is the leucine-rich repeats (LRR) in the far N-terminus of PC1. Using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as an in vivo model system, we explored the role of LRR in the function of PC1. Zebrafish expresses two human PKD1 paralogs, pkd1a and pkd1b. Knockdown of both genes in zebrafish by morpholino antisense oligonucleotides produced phenotypes of dorsal axis curvature and pronephric cyst formation. We found that overexpression of LRR suppressed both phenotypes in pkd1-morphant zebrafish. Purified recombinant LRR domain inhibited proliferation of HEK cells in culture and interacted with the heterotrimeric basement membrane protein laminin-511 (α5β1γ1) in vitro. Mutations of amino acid residues in LRR structurally predicted to bind laminin-511 disrupted LRR-laminin interaction in vitro and neutralized the ability of LRR to inhibit cell proliferation and cystogenesis. Our data support the hypothesis that the extracellular region of PC1 plays a role in modulating PC1 interaction with the extracellular matrix and contributes to cystogenesis of PC1-deficiency.
Real-Time Cone-Growth Model for Determination of Pharmaceutical Powder Flow Properties
Authors: Farkas Gyula , Nagy Sándor Ferenc , Dévay Attila , Széchenyi Aleksandar , Pál Szilárd
Published: January 2024

The flow properties of pellets or granules are crucial for further processing the drug dosage forms. Optimal compression or filling the multiparticulate dosage forms into capsules is influenced by forces between discrete particles, which could be partially characterized by flow properties. Several techniques were developed for the examination of flowability, including static and dynamic methods applying empirical studies and the up-to-date chaos theory; however newest methods seem only to be powerful with the supplement of empirical principles. Our experiments try to refine both the technique of analysis and the methods by finding new, alternative ways. Our approach to the flowability measurements was to set up a dynamic time-dependent model which combines empirical observations and the chaos theory on a geometrical basis, thus find new aspects regarding flow properties of pellets and granules that could be relevant for drug developers.
Societal Factors Constraining the Control of COVID-19 and Mosquito and Tick-Borne Diseases
Authors: Ramasamy Ranjan
Published: January 2024

Advances in biological sciences have been applied in medicine, agriculture and industry with great benefit. Some recent trends in society, governance structures and communications, however, appear to be hampering the use of new scientific findings for controlling infectious diseases. These limitations are illustrated with examples related to (i) the adaptation of fresh water mosquito vectors of major arboviral diseases to salinity in coastal areas with consequences for disease transmission, (ii) understanding the implications of reduced dengue transmission during the COVID-19 lockdown for dengue control, (iii) causes underlying the rapid spread of the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi in South Asia and Africa, (iv) the application of serodiagnostic techniques for Lyme disease and tick-borne relapsing fever caused by tick-borne bacteria of the genus Borrelia, and (v) COVID-19 prevention.
Advanced Disease Monitoring and Severity Quantification for Greenhouse Management Using Multispectral Imaging
Authors: Khan Shafaq , Majdalawieh Munir , Boufama Boubakeur , Sharma Yajan , Basani Ashwitha
Published: January 2024

This research delves into the intricate challenges confronting the agricultural sector, with a specialized focus on mitigating infections in tomato crops, particularly powdery mildew induced by the Leveillula Taurica pathogen. Tomatoes, renowned for their nutritional richness, are vital to global food security. However, conventional methodologies for disease detection exhibit both laborious processes and limited accuracy. In response to these challenges, this study advocates for an innovative fusion of hyperspectral imaging and deep learning methodologies to detect crop disease and its severity. The systematic workflow commenced with the curation of a dataset, involving the acquisition of live images through OpenCV, followed by conversion to RGB format and subsequent feature extraction utilizing a pre-trained visual geometry group (VGG-16) model for enhanced analysis. Sequentially, RGB images were transformed into simulated hyperspectral images (SHSI) leveraging a Neural Network generator model, offering a distinctive viewpoint on spectral information. This novel approach transcends conventional constraints by delivering a three-dimensional perspective, seamlessly integrating spatial and spectral dimensions for holistic data acquisition. The SHSI is further transmuted into a 3D visualization cube comprehensive grasp of spatial and spectral aspects encompassing spectral, spatial, and Haralick features. The research concludes with severity detection, categorized as low, moderate, or high, employing a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) and K-means for visualization.
Transforming Growth Factor Beta and Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Challenge of Tumor Differentiation and Chemotherapy Response
Authors: Bhushan Bhavya , Iranpour Rosa , Eshtiaghi Amirmohammad , Da Silva Rosa Simone Cristina , Lindsey Benjamin W , Gordon Joseph W. , Ghavami Saeid
Published: January 2024

Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS), an invasive subtype of Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), is associated with chromosomal translocation events resulting in one of two oncogenic fusion genes PAX3-FOXO1 or PAX7-FOXO1. ARMS patients exhibit an overexpression of the pleiotropic cytokine Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). This overexpression of TGF-β1 causes an increased expression of a downstream transcription factor called SNAIL, which promotes Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). Overexpression of TGF-β also inhibits myogenic differentiation, making ARMS patients highly resistant to chemotherapy. In this review, we first describe different types of RMS and then focus on ARMS and the impact of TGF-β in this tumor type. We next highlight current chemotherapy strategies including a combination of FDA approved drugs vincristine, actinomycin D, and cyclophosphamide (VAC), Cabozantinib, Bortezomib, Vinorelbine, AZD 1775 and cisplatin. Lastly, we discuss chemotherapy agents that target the differentiation of tumor cells in ARMS which include all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and 5-Azacytidine. Improving our understanding of the role of signaling pathways, such as TGF-β1, in the development of ARMS tumor cells differentiation will help inform more tailored drug administration in the future.
The Effect of Seven-Strain Probiotic Supplementation on Th17 and Treg in Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Admitted to ICU: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Abbaszadeh Seyed Hamze , Yousefi Mehdi , Arefhosseini Seyed Rafie , Mahmoodpoor Ata , Ebrahimi-Mameghani Mehrangiz
Published: January 2024

This study investigated the impact of seven-strain probiotic supplementation on the frequency of T helper 17 (Th17) cells, regulatory T (T-reg) cells, Treg/Th17 ratio, and their gene expression in individuals with severe traumatic brain injury (STBI). Probiotics can influence the gut microbiota, modulate the immune response, and prevent or alleviate certain immune diseases. However, it is necessary to clarify whether probiotics can effectively impact Th cells in STBI patient. Despite the great attention to improving the immune system in most diseases, there is currently no accurate mechanism for the use of probiotics in diseases with damage to the head injury, which can be a basis for the use of probiotics. The primary objective of this study is to address this research gap. The present study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that enrolled 48 STBI patients. They were treated with probiotics or placebo: 4 capsule/day for 14 days. The pre- and post-study evaluation included examining the frequency of Treg, Th17 cells, as well as the expression of associated immunological parameters (Foxp3 and RORγt) and Treg/Th17 ratio in both groups. No significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of subject characteristics (P>0.05). GCS scores at 14 days were significantly higher in the probiotic compared to the placebo group. The probiotic group showed a significant decrease in Th17 cell and RORγt gene expression (P = 0.022 and P< 0.001, respectively), a notable increase in T-reg and FoxP3 gene expression (P= 0.025 and P< 0.001, respectively), and a higher Treg/Th17 ratio compared to the placebo group. Our study provides promising evidence of the beneficial effects of seven-strain probiotic supplementation on Th cells in individuals with STBI.
Cancer Treatments: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Sonkin Dmitriy , Thomas Anish , Teicher Beverly
Published: January 2024

There is a rich history of cancer treatments which provides a number of important lessons for present and future cancer therapies. We outline this history by looking in the past, reviewing the current landscape of cancer treatments, and by glancing at the potential future cancer therapies.
An Approach to Understand the Main Factors Contributing to the Variability in People with Overweight or Obesity Using Principal Components Analysis.
Authors: Fernández-Cardero Álvaro , Sierra-Cinos José Luis , López-Jiménez Adrián , Cuadrado Carmen , Beltrán Beatriz , García-Conesa María-Teresa , Bravo Laura , Sarriá Beatriz
Published: January 2024

Obesity is a worldwide epidemic; hence it is crucial to understand how it can be effectively prevented/treated. Thus, obesity should be tackled considering that it is a multifactorial condition. This work examines a wide range of factors and attempts to understand which contribute most to variability in overweight/obesity. Eighty-four subjects with overweight/obesity were recruited. Dietary baseline information was obtained by analyzing three 24-hour recalls. Resting metabolic rate was measured using indirect calorimetry, physical activity through accelerometry, cardiometabolic parameters were determined in blood samples and body composition by anthropometry and bioimpedance. Factor analysis of principal components (PCA) was carried out (SPSS v22.0). Large interindividual variability was observed in dietetic, biochemical, and physical activity measurements (coefficient of variation ≥30%), but body composition was homogeneous. Volunteers had an unbalanced diet and low physical activity. PCA reduced the 26 analyzed variables into 7 factors, accounting for 81,5% of total data variability. The main factor was the ‘‘caloric and lipid factor’’ related to diet, responsible for 25.9% of total variability, followed by ‘‘adiposity factor’’ (16,9%) and ‘‘cardiometabolic risk factor’’ (13,2%). Diet seems to be the factor that contributes the most to data variability in people with overweight/obesity, especially the intake of lipids, energy and proteins.
MLIP and its Influence on Key Oncogenic Pathways: Implications for Cancer Therapeutics
Authors: Hamwi Mahmoud N. , Elsayed Engy , Dabash Hanan , Abuawad Amani , Aweer Noor A , Al Zeir Faissal , Pedersen Shona , Al-Mansoori Layla , Burgon Patrick G
Published: January 2024

Muscle-enriched A-type lamin-interacting protein (MLIP) is an emerging protein involved in cellular homeostasis and stress adaptation. Eukaryotic cells regulate various cellular processes, including metabolism, DNA repair, and cell cycle progression, to maintain cellular homeostasis. Disruptions in this homeostasis can lead to diseases such as cancer, characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and division. This review aims to explore for the first time the unique role MLIP may play in cancer development and progression, given its interactions with the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, p53, and FOXO transcription factors, all critical regulators of cellular homeostasis and tumor suppression. We discuss the current understanding of MLIP's involvement in pro-survival pathways and its potential implications in cancer cells' metabolic remodeling and dysregulated homeostasis. Additionally, we examine the potential of MLIP as a novel therapeutic target for cancer treatment. This review aims to shed light on MLIP's potential impact on cancer biology and contribute to developing innovative therapeutic strategies.
On the Rényi Entropy Functional, Tsallis Distributions and Lévy Stable Distributions
Authors: A Mageed Dr Ismail
Published: January 2024

The Rényi entropy functional was optimised for the novel findings of this investigation under various conditions. Their research's findings suggest that the complete spectrum of Lévy stable distributions is covered by generalised t-distributions. Additionally, an exposition was undertaken to prove that the Lévy distribution generalizes Tsallisian distribution, rather than the reverse. The current study is a strong generalization of an existing research work in the literature.
Spatiotemporal Graph Autoencoder Network for Skeleton-Based Human Action Recognition
Authors: Abduljalil Hosam , Elhayek Ahmed , Marish Ali Abdullah , Alsolami Fawaz
Published: January 2024

Skeleton-based human action recognition is a challenging yet important technique because of its wide range of applications in many fields, including patient monitoring, security surveillance, and observing human-machine interactions. Many algorithms that attempt to distinguish between many types of activities have been proposed. However, most practical applications require highly accurate detection of specific types of activities. In this study, a novel and highly accurate spatiotemporal graph autoencoder network for skeleton-based human action recognition is proposed. Furthermore, an extensive study was conducted using different modalities. For this purpose, a spatiotemporal graph autoencoder that automatically learns spatial as well as temporal patterns from human skeleton datasets was built. The powerful graph convolutional network named GA-GCN, developed in this study, notably outperforms most of the existing state-of-the-art methods based on two common datasets, namely NTU RGB+D and NTU RGB+D 120. On the first dataset, we achieved an accuracy of 92.3% and 96.7% based on the cross-subject and cross-view evaluations, respectively. On the other more challenging dataset (i.e. NTU RGB+D 120), GA-GCN achieved 88.8% and 90.4% based on the cross-subject and cross-set evaluation, respectively.
Formulation Optimization and Performance Prediction of Red Mud Particle Adsorbents Based on Neural Networks
Authors: Li Longjiang , Yang Zhi Wen , Wang Yalan , Wang WenYuan
Published: January 2024

Red mud (RM), a bauxite residue, contains hazardous radioactive wastes and alkaline material and poses severe surface water and groundwater contamination risks, necessitating recycling. Pretreated RM can be used to make adsorbents for water treatment. However, its performance is affected by many factors, resulting in a nonlinear correlation and coupling relationship. This study aimed to identify the best formula for an RM adsorbent using a mathematical model that examines the relationship between 11 formulation types (e.g., pore-assisting agent, component modifier, and external binder) and nine properties (e.g., specific surface area, wetting angle, and Zeta potential, among others). This model was built using a back-propagation neural networks(BP) based on single-factor experimental data and orthogonal test data. The model trained and predicted the established network structure to obtain the optimal adsorbent formula. The RM particle adsorbents had a pH of 10.16, specific surface area(BET) of 48.92 m2·g−1, pore volume of 2.10 cm3·g−1, compressive strength(ST)) of 1.12 KPa, and 24-h immersion pulverization rate(η_m) of 3.72%. In the removal of total phosphorus in flotation tailings backwater, it exhibited a good adsorption capacity (Q)and total phosphorous removal rate(η) of 48.63 mg·g−1 and 95.13%, respectively.
Info-Geometric Analysis of the Dynamics of Parthasarathian Transient Solution of M/M/1 Queue Manifold with Info-Geometric Applications to Machine Learning
Authors: A Mageed Ismail
Published: January 2024

The current study characterizes the transient M/M/1 queue manifold info-geometrically, through devising Fisher Information matrix(FIM) and its inverse(IFIM). Additionally, the impact of stability on the existence of IFIM and explore the geodesic equations of motion has been revealed. More potentially, the paper discusses some info-geometric applications to Machine Learning are highlighted. Closing remarks with some challenging open problems combined with the next phase of research are given.
Rapid Antibacterial Activity Assessment of Chimeric Lysin
Authors: Park Jin-Mi , Kim Jun-Hyun , Kim Gun , Sim Hun-Ju , Ahn Sun-Min , Choi Kang-Seuk , Kwon Hyuk-Joon
Published: January 2024

To date, various chimeric lysins have been developed as efficacious antibiotics against multidrug-resistant bacteria, but direct comparisons of their antibacterial activities have been difficult due to the preparation of multiple recombinant chimeric lysins. Previously, we reported an E. coli cell-free expression method to screen better chimeric lysins against Staphylococcus aureus, but we still needed to increase the amounts of expressed proteins enough to be able to detect them non-isotopically for quantity comparisons. In this study, we improved the previous cell-free expression system by adding a previously reported artificial T7 terminator and reversing the different nucleotides between the T7 promoter and start codon to those of the T7 phage. The new method increased the expressed amount of chimeric lysins enough for us to detect them using Western blotting. Therefore, the qualitative comparison of activity between different chimeric lysins has become possible via the adjustment of the amount variables between samples without protein purification. We applied it to select more active chimeric lysins derived from our previously reported chimeric lysin (ALS2). Finally, we compared the antibacterial activities of our selected chimeric lysins with reported chimeric lysins (ClyC and ClyO) and lysostaphin, and determined the rank orders of antibacterial activities on different S. aureus strains in our experimental conditions.
Wide-Field Choroidal Thickness Analysis after Half-fluence Photodynamic Therapy in Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy
Authors: Fukuda Yosuke , Notomi Shoji , Shiose Satomi , Maehara Yusuke , Kiyohara Kohei , Hashimoto Sawako , Kano Kumiko , Ishikawa Keijiro , Hisatomi Toshio , Sonoda Koh-Hei
Published: January 2024

Pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV) is a pachychoroid-spectrum disease. As blood circulation throughout the choroid may be involved in PNV pathogenesis, analysis using ultra-wide-field (UWF) fundus imaging is crucial. We evaluated choroidal thickness after half-fluence photodynamic therapy (PDT) combined with intravitreal aflibercept injection for PNV using UWF swept-source optical coherence tomography. Seventeen eyes with PNV that underwent half-fluence PDT with adjuvant single intravitreal aflibercept injection were analyzed. To compare choroidal thicknesses in the central and peripheral choroids, we set subfields <3, <9, and 9–18 mm from the fovea. The <9- and 9–18-mm subfields were divided into four quadrants. Choroidal thickness in each subfield decreased significantly after half-fluence PDT (P<0.001); this reduction was more pronounced in the central area. We also investigated the relationship between the dominant side of the deep choroidal veins that harbor choroidal vein efflux from the macula. When choroidal thickness in the supratemporal and infratemporal 9x9-mm subfields were evaluated, the ratio of choroidal thickness reduction was not significantly different between the dominant and non-dominant sides. The dominant side was not associated with the extent of choroidal thickness reduction in PNV. In conclusion, half-fluence PDT caused thinning of the entire choroid, especially in the central area, in PNV.
Assessment and Optimization of the Insecticidal Properties of γ-Al2O3 Nanoparticles Derived from Mentha pulegium By-Products against Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Carob Beetle)
Authors: Mohamed Abdoul-Latif Fatouma , Ainane Ayoub , Eddabbeh Fatima-Ezzahra , Oumaskour Khadija , Mohamed Jalludin , Abu Arra Ahmad , Ainane Tarik
Published: January 2024

This study concentrates on assessing the insecticidal attributes of γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles derived from remnants of Mentha pulegium, which include essential oil, ethanolic extract, and plant waste. The synthesis of γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles was executed via a direct sol-gel procedure, affirming the crystal structure through extensive physicochemical analyses such as UV-VIS, XRD, FTIR, and SEM. The evaluation of insecticidal activity in vitro was conducted against Xylosandrus crassiusculus, a pest that infests carob wood, utilizing strains from diverse forests in the Khenifra region, situated in the Moroccan Middle Atlas. The lethal doses 50 ranged from 40 mg/g to 68 mg/g, indicating moderate effectiveness compared to the commercial insecticide Permethrin. The optimization of the conditions for the efficiency of γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles was determined by experimental plans, revealing that time, humidity, and temperature were influential factors in the lethal dose 50 of these nanomaterials. Moreover, this study encompasses the establishment of correlations through Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Ascending Hierarchical Classification (AHC) among various geographic, biological, and physical data, amalgamating geographic altitude, γ-Al2O3 nanoparticle insecticide parameters, as well as the attributes of mechanical tests conducted on carob wood affected by insects. The correlation highlights a close connection between the effectiveness of the insecticide, mountain altitude, and the mechanical parameters that were examined. Ultimately, these nanoparticles demonstrate promising potential as alternative insecticides, thus opening encouraging prospects for safeguarding against carob wood pests.
Quantitative Analysis of Collagen and Apoptosis Related Protein on 1064 nm Laser-Induced Skin Injury
Authors: Ma Qiong , Fan Yingwei , Cui Yufang , Luo Zhenkun , Kang Hongxiang
Published: January 2024

To investigate the associated mechanisms concerning collagen and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in porcine skin injuries induced by laser exposure, pig skin was treated with a 1064 nm laser. The healing process of the laser-treated areas, alterations in collagen structure, and changes in apoptosis were continuously observed and analyzed from 6 hours to 28 days post-irradiation. On the 28th day following exposure, wound contraction and recovery were notably sluggish in the medium-high dose groups, displaying more premature and delicate type III collagen within the newly regenerated tissues. The collagen density in these groups was roughly 37-58% of that in the normal group. Between days 14 and 28 after irradiation, there was a substantial rise in apoptotic cell count in the forming epidermis and granulation tissue of the medium-high dose group, in contrast to the normal group. Notably, the expression of proapoptotic proteins bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9 surged significantly 14 days after irradiation in the medium-high dose groups and persisted at elevated levels on the 28th day. During the later stage of wound healing, the augmented apoptotic cell population and insufficient collagen generation in the newborn skin tissue of the medium-high dose groups were closely associated with delayed wound recovery.
Effects of Premature Ventrıcular Complex Burden on Left Ventrıcular Global Longıtudınal Straın in Patıents Wıthout Structural Heart Dısease
Authors: Arslan Sukru , Arabaci H. Ozan , Deniz Muhammed Furkan , Gokce Mehmet Emin , Arslan Seyma , Oktay Veysel , Yildiz Mustafa , Uzunhasan Isil
Published: January 2024

Background: Evaluation of left ventricular(LV) functions in patients with idiopathic premature ventricular contraction(PVC) with preserved LV Ejection Fraction(LVEF), especially in the subclinical stage, may be of great importance in terms of directing early treatment. Methods: A total of 122 patients, retrospectively recruited, were divided into three groups according to PVC burden: Group 1; 5%PVC<10%, Group 2; 10%PVC<15%, and Group 3; 15% PVC. Transthoracic echocardiography(TTE) was performed to evaluate LV parameters. Results: LV-GLS was found to be significantly lower in groups 2 and 3 with high PVC burden (18.89 ± 1.4, 17.55 ± 2.1, 16.26 ± 1.3; p<0.001 respectively). Correlation analysis revealed a positive and significant correlation between PVC burden with deterioration in LV-GLS (r:0.536; p<0.001). In addition, PVC burden was found to be an independent predictor of LV-GLS deterioration in multiple linear regression analysis(:0.525, p<0.001). The ROC curve analysis demonstrated that a PVC burden cut-off value of 8.4% was associated with a LV-GLS deterioration greater than -18, with a specificity of 75.4% and a sensitivity of 75.4% (AUC: 0.81 [0.73-0.88] 95% CI; p<0.001). Conclusions: PVC burden was an independent predictor of deterioration in LV-GLS. In the presence of subclinical LV injury associated with PVC burden, early catheter ablation strategies may be therapeutically beneficial.
Comparing Fungal Sensitivity to Glucosinolate-Breakdown Products on Different Botrytis spp.
Authors: Coca-Ruíz Víctor , Aleu Josefina , Collado Isidro G.
Published: January 2024

Glucosinolates, the main secondary metabolites accumulated in cruciferous flora, have a major impact on fortifying plant immunity against diverse pathogens. Although Botrytis cinerea exhibits varying sensitivity to these compounds, current research has yet to fully understand the intricate mechanisms governing its response to glucosinolates. Different species of the genus Botrytis were exposed to glucosinolate-breakdown products revealing that B. fabae, B. deweyae and B. convoluta, species lacking the mfsG transporter gene (Bcin06g00026), were more sensitive to glucosin-olate-breakdown products than Botrytis species containing that gene such as B. cinerea, B. pseudo-cinerea and B. byssoidea. This finding was further corroborated by the inability of species lacking the mfsG gene to infect plants with a high concentration of glucosinolate breakdown products. These results challenge established correlations, revealing varying aggressiveness on different plant substrates. Expression analysis highlighted the gene's induction in the presence of isothiocyanate, and bioinformatic investigation identified homologous genes in other Botrytis species. Our study underscored the importance of advanced biotechnology to help understand these proteins and thus offer innovative solutions for agriculture
Predicting Individual Well-Being in Teamwork Contexts Based on Multi-Modal Speech Features
Authors: Zeulner Tobias , Hagerer Gerhard Johann , Mueller Moritz , Vazquez Ignacio , Gloor Peter A.
Published: January 2024

Current methods for assessing individual well-being in team collaboration at the workplace rely often on manually collected surveys. This limits continuous real-world data collection and proactive measures to improve team member workplace satisfaction. We propose a method to automatically derive social signals related to individual well-being in team collaboration from raw audio and video data collected in teamwork contexts. The goal is to develop computational methods and measurements to facilitate the mirroring of individuals’ well-being to themselves. We are focusing on how speech behavior is perceived by team members to improve their well-being. Our main contribution is the assembly of an integrated toolchain to perform multi-modal extraction of robust speech features in noisy field settings and to find which features are predictors of self-reported satisfaction scores. We apply the toolchain to a case study where we collected videos of 22 teams with 56 participants collaborating over a four-day period in a team project. Our audiovisual speaker diarization extracts individual speech features in a noisy environment. As the dependent variable team members filled out a daily PERMA (positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment) survey. These well-being scores have been predicted with speech features extracted from the videos using machine learning. The results suggest that the proposed toolchain is able to automatically predict individual well-being in teams, leading to better teamwork and happier team members.