bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Force of Digital Aesthetics. On Memes, Hacking, and Individuation
Authors: Goriunova Olga
Published: January 2017

The paper explores memes, digital artefacts that acquire a viral character and become globally popular, as an aesthetic trend that not only entices but propels and molds subjective, collective and political becoming. Following both Simondon and Bakhtin, memes are first considered as aesthetic objects that mediate individuation. Here, resonance between psychic, collective and technical individuation is established and re-enacted through the aesthetic consummation of self, the collective and the technical in the various performances of meme cultures. Secondly, if memes are followed in the making, from birth to their spill-over onto wider social networks, the very expressive form of meme turns out to be borne by specific technical architecture and mannerisms of a small number of platforms, and, most notably, the image board 4chan. The source of memes’ various forms of power is concentrated here. Memes are intimately linked to 4chan’s /b/ board, the birthplace of Lulzsec and the Anonymous hacking networks. Memes’ architectonics, as an inheritance of a few specific human-technical structures, in turn informs the production of new platforms (memes generators), forms of networked
Existential Urgency: Contemporaneity, Biennials and Social Form
Authors: Osborne Peter
Published: January 2017

What happens to the form of the biennial when biennials become part of a world system of art institutions, subject to the historical temporality of a global contemporaneity? In particular, what happens when the periodic rhythms of national narratives of biennial exhibitions are overcoded by a serial sequence of international biennials – competing for contemporaneity – seemingly without end? This essay approaches these questions via a consideration of the debate about the transitional symbolic significance of the 1989 Third Havana Biennale. It contrasts three historical problematics of ‘the contemporary’ as models through which to think the cultural function of biennials: (i) the critique of anthropology, or, the coeval; (ii) socialist post- coloniality, or the avant-garde construction of traditions; (iii) the historical contemporaneity of a global capitalist modernity.
Intermedial Ontologies: Strategies of Preparedness, Research and Design in Real Time Performance Capture
Authors: Delbridge Matthew , Roihankorpi Riku
Published: January 2017

The paper introduces and inspects core elements relative to the ‘live’ in performances that utilise real time Motion Capture (MoCap) systems and cognate/reactive virtual environments by drawing on interdisciplinary research conducted by Matthew Delbridge (University of Tasmania), and the collaborative live MoCap workshops carried out in projects DREX and VIMMA (2009-12 and 2013-14, University of Tampere). It also discusses strategies to revise manners of direction and performing, practical work processes, questions of production design and educational aspects peculiar to technological staging. Through the analysis of a series of performative experiments involving 3D real time virtual reality systems, projection mapping and reactive surfaces, new ways of interacting in/with performance have been identified. This poses a unique challenge to traditional approaches of learning about staging, dramaturgy, acting, dance and performance design in the academy, all of which are altered in a fundamental manner when real time virtual reality is introduced as a core element of the performative experience. Meanwhile, various analyses, descriptions and theorisations of technological performance have framed up-to-date policies on how to approach these questions more systematically. These have given rise to more sophisticated notions of preparedness of performing arts professionals, students and researchers to confront the potentials of new technologies and the forms of creativity and art they enable. The deployment of real time Motion Capture systems and co-present virtual environments in an educational setting comprise a peculiar but informative case of study for the above to be explored.
Challenging the Centre: Asylum Seekers Encounter Native Citizens
Authors: Koski Pirkko
Published: January 2017

In Paper Anchor (Paperiankkuri) at the Small Stage of the Finnish National Theatre in 2011 a group of actors, dancers, asylum seekers and eventually also stage technicians (re-)enacted the asylum seekers’ stories: how they had fled their home countries, feared for their lives and faced problems in their country of destination, Finland. It brought the spotlight on asylum seekers, who occupy a marginal position in society and made them visible on many levels: they were present in the stories that were told on stage, in the encounter between performers and spectators and in an art institution that has great national significance. The periphery and the centre, in this case the asylum seekers and the native Finns, met in shifting circumstances and also in a way that is characteristic of the theatre: the performers and spectators were simultaneously physically present, whereas the public debate on refugee issues usually takes place in written texts. In Paper Anchor, the asylum seekers also assumed the role of a witness, whereas in official processes they are obligated to defend themselves and search for evidence. The impact of Paper Anchor was largely based on the aesthetic form of the performance. Although the dominant power structures between the centre and the periphery remained untouched, theatre testified to its ability to affect the spectator through the presence of individual subjects and consequently their subject positions. The debate was shifted to differences within a culture instead of between cultures, as Rosi Braidotti writes: “It is the syntax of social relations, as well as their symbolic representation, that is in upheaval.” (Rosi Braidotti, Nomadic Subjects. Embodiment and Sexual Difference in Contemporary Feminist Theory, Columbia University Press, New York 2011, p.8.)
Technopoieses and the White Buffalo Calf Woman
Authors: Hogrefe Jeffrey
Published: January 2017

Abstract: The article proposes that indigenous theory as it can be aligned with Western European theory and philosophy provides a new way to view post human theory and philosophy and the theory of emergent networks and systems that have come with post structuralism. Author situates his own practices in a hanbleceya in an analysis of the aforementioned theories and philosophies for a recursive system that loops back to the premises of the article. The circular structure of the article reinforces the position of the author regarding indigeneity and Western philosophy, which is that indigenous theory that is based on practice can excite western philosophy and theory with new conceptions of past, present and future.
Elementos Narrativos que Sirven para Generar Convergencias e Inteligibilidad en Narrativas Transmediáticas o Narrativas Interactivas Lineales.
Authors: Mora Fernández Jorge Ignacio
Published: January 2017

El término transmedia fue acuñado por Marsha Kinder (1991) para referirse a la intertextualidad entre películas, series de televisión de dibujos y los juguetes para niños y jóvenes preadolescentes. En dicha publicación participaba Henry Jenkins, quien posteriormente profundizó en el término de transmedia en Media Convergence (2006) y posteriormente en narrativa transmedia. La presente investigación analiza el uso de los elementos narrativos y de las características de los medios de comunicación utilizados para generar narrativas transmedia para poder utilizarlas en productos comunicativos independientes. Este artículo se concentra en el análisis transmedia del universo narrativo generado por los cómics, películas, web, videos de fans y videojuegos de Batman. El objetivo es el estudio de los elementos narrativos de las acciones, personajes, espacios y tiempos utilizados para generar convergencia e inteligibilidad comunicativas transmedia que retroalimentan coherentemente el universo de Batman, sus narrativas interactivas lineales y circulares. De esta forma es posible aplicar dichas técnicas narrativas transmedia a la construcción de productos comunicativos independientes y de edutainment.
ANEXO I
DESCARGAR
The Metamorphosis of the Myth of Alchemy: Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein
Authors: Azcárate Asunción López-Varela , Saavedra Estefanía
Published: January 2017

This article takes as starting point the myth of alchemy in Mary Shelley´s Frankenstein or the Modern Prometheus, often interpreted as a warning of the risks and dangers of science and technology demonized in the form of the creature. Set in the Romantic period, the paper argues that the novel stages an ambiguous relationship between the advances in natural science and the philosophical and spiritual concerns that Mary Shelley inherited from her father, the philosopher William Godwin, which she discussed with her husband, the poet Percy B. Shelley. In the context of contemporary interdisciplinary discourses that contemplate ‘consilience’ between the humanities and the sciences, this paper offers a reading of Frankenstein and of Percy B. Shelley’s essay “A Defence of Poetry” as critical of empirical science in their ambiguous positioning with regards to alchemy and contemporary science. Furthermore, the research seeks to establish links with eco-cybernetic theories which bring to the fore a renewed interest on humanistic aspects.
Tecnología convertida en mito: la obra artística de Eduardo Paolozzi
Authors: Aguirre Castro Mercedes
Published: January 2017

Eduardo Paolozzi, un artista británico de origen italiano, inició su carrera artística dentro del llamado Pop Art británico con collages que partían de la cultura popular norteamericana
y sus objetos de la vida cotidiana y de sus anuncios y revistas, utilizando monstruos y robots de la ciencia ficción al lado de personajes como Mickey Mouse e imágenes
de radios y cohetes espaciales. Posteriormente desarrolló su carrera como escultor produciendo esculturas en bronce, a algunas de las cuales dio nombres de personajes de
la mitología clásica (Jasón, Dédalo, Cíclope). Estas esculturas eran creadas a partir de un conglomerado de partes de máquinas y desechos que luego fundía en bronce. Las figuras
resultantes reflejan el interés del artista por la idea de la fusión del hombre y la máquina, aunque al final no son ni hombres ni máquinas. Parte de los objetos que componen estas esculturas proceden de la tecnología de la época (ruedas, transistores, motores) de manera
que estos productos tecnológicos se convierten en el material del artista: se trata de una técnica escultórica que se denomina “Brutalismo”.
Transmedial Prometheus: from the Greek Myth to Contemporary Interpretations
Authors: Popa Blanariu Nicoleta
Published: January 2017

The myth of Prometheus is well known for its rich polymorphism, celebrating the Titan’s contest with the Olympian gods and its demythisation in the contemporary era. To Ernst Bloch “Faust and Prometheus are the major figures of the Renaissance”, while Gilbert Durand describes the relationship between myth and history as a backwards “evhemerism” which enables a messianic reading of the Promethean symbol, especially at the end of the 18th century and beginning of the following. From the Renaissance to the 20th century, the Promethean symbol slides transmedially from the verbalized narrative towards visual arts. With the exhaustion of the Promethean momentum, for Durand as well as Maffesoli, the 20th century assumes the decadent myths of Dionysus and, eventually, a vast Hermetic mythology. This paper highlights several moments and works which marked the dynamic history of the mythical hero, as revealed to us by Aeschylus, Shelley, Goethe, Gide, Ridley Scott etc.
Tecnopoïesis azteca: el mito de Coatlicue y la “nueva mexicanidad”
Authors: Pérez Amezcua Luis Alberto
Published: January 2017

En este trabajo se analiza la influencia que ejerce el mito de Coatlicue (y de una de las esculturas de esta diosa) en la novela Tlacaelel, de Antonio Velasco Piña, uno de los fundadores de un grupo nativista e indianista denominado la “nueva mexicanidad”. A través de la revisión de algunos pasajes del texto literario, se reflexiona sobre la importancia de un estudio de los mitos —y del arte que los vehicula— mediante un método mitocrítico que considere como de la mayor relevancia su componente tecnológico en esta era postmoderna, una época intermedial que encara riesgos que habrán de ser superados con ayuda de un arte que permita una nueva sacralización de la vida cotidiana.
The LIM protein complex establishes a retinal circuitry of visual adaptation by regulating Pax6 α-enhancer activity
Authors: Kim Yeha , Lim Soyeon , Ha Taejeong , Song You-Hyang , Sohn Young-In , Park Dae-Jin , Paik Sun-Sook , Kim-Kaneyama Joo-ri , Song Mi-Ryoung , Leung Amanda , Levine Edward M , Kim In-Beom , Goo Yong Sook , Lee Seung-Hee , Kang Kyung Hwa , Kim Jin Woo
Published: January 2017

The visual responses of vertebrates are sensitive to the overall composition of retinal interneurons including amacrine cells, which tune the activity of the retinal circuitry. The expression of Paired-homeobox 6 (PAX6) is regulated by multiple cis-DNA elements including the intronic α-enhancer, which is active in GABAergic amacrine cell subsets. Here, we report that the transforming growth factor ß1-induced transcript 1 protein (Tgfb1i1) interacts with the LIM domain transcription factors Lhx3 and Isl1 to inhibit the α-enhancer in the post-natal mouse retina. Tgfb1i1-/- mice show elevated α-enhancer activity leading to overproduction of Pax6ΔPD isoform that supports the GABAergic amacrine cell fate maintenance. Consequently, the Tgfb1i1-/- mouse retinas show a sustained light response, which becomes more transient in mice with the auto-stimulation-defective Pax6ΔPBS/ΔPBS mutation. Together, we show the antagonistic regulation of the α-enhancer activity by Pax6 and the LIM protein complex is necessary for the establishment of an inner retinal circuitry, which controls visual adaptation.
On the Mistranslation of Daraba in the Holy Quran
Authors: Qorchi Bouchra
Published: January 2017

Improper, or literal translations of the Quran may be one of the reasons behind misinterpretations of this sacred text. This paper deals with translations of one of the most controversial verses in the Quran, one that has brought about a great deal of misunderstanding about Islam and the status of women in this religion. It is verse 34 of Surah Annissae (the surah of Women). In this verse, according to many translators, God ordered men to beat their wives. In this paper, I will try to show that beat, hit or strike are just some of a hord of meanings that the root drb (from which the verb daraba  is derived) has, and that it is not necessarily this meaning that the Holy Quran intends to convey in  this surah.
Frequência de polimorfismos do gene TMEM18 numa população de crianças participantes de um estudo de coorte em Salvador – BA
Authors: Villar Maria Eduarda , Carrijo Fabiane Tavares , Ramos Helton Estrela , Figueiredo Camila Alexandrina Viana de
Published: January 2017

Introdução: O TMEM18 é um gene localizado no cromossomo 2p25.3. A recente ligação deste gene à obesidade tem sido replicada em diversos estudos de associação genômica para algumas variantes alélicas. O presente artigo analisou as frequências alélicas e genotípicas de polimorfismos no gene TMEM18 numa amostra da população de Salvador – BA, e a diferença das MAFs encontradas em relação às principais populações que respondem pela composição étnica do Brasil – ameríndios, africanos e europeus. Metodologia: participaram deste estudo 1308 crianças com idade entre 4 a 11 anos, integrantes de um estudo de coorte do projeto Social Changes, Asthmaand Allergy in LatinAmerica (SCAALA). Para a genotipagem dos indivíduos foi utilizado o painel comercial Illumina Human Omni 2, com aproximadamente 2.5 milhões de marcadores. Utilizamos os softwares PLINK (PURCELL et al., 2007)  e Haploview (BROAD Institute) para controle de qualidade dos SNPs e análise de agregação de haplótipos (Linkage Desequilibrium - LD>4.2%), respectivamente. Resultados: As variantes do gene TMEM18 encontradas localizam-se na região 3´UTR (rs17729501, rs17042334, rs3187671) e intrônica (rs73153245, rs73153246, rs4241323, rs12990777, e rs2293084). Todos os polimorfismos estão em equilíbrio de Hardy-Weinberg. As frequências dos alelos menos frequentes (MAFs) observadas (9% e 9,3%) foram para os SNPs rs17729501 ers17042334, respectivamente.  Os polimorfismos com as menores MAFs - s17729501 (9%) e rs17729501 (9,3%) - apresentaram, simultaneamente, as menores frequências genotípicas para homozigose, 0,5% (C/C) e 0,8% (T/T), respectivamente. As maiores taxas de heterozigose observadas na população foram de 44% (A/C - rs2293084) e 47,3% (G/A -rs12990777) e correspondem às maiores frequências alélicas (rs2293084 – 34,9%; rs12990777 - 47,3%). Os SNPs rs3187671, rs73153245 e rs73153246 estão em desequilíbrio de ligação. Conclusão: As frequências alélicas obtidas para os SNPs, de uma forma geral, diferiram das frequências registradas para populações de referência. O presente trabalho contribuiu com informações sobre a ocorrência de polimorfismos no TMEM18 na população brasileira, bem como com as frequências alélicas dos SNPs analisadas para os futuros estudos do tipo GWAS.

 
Surfactant‐Assisted Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Reaction of Unreactive Chlorobenzene over Hydrotalcite‐Supported Palladium Catalyst
Authors: Choudhary Hemant , Jia Jixiang , Nishimura Shun , Ebitani Kohki
Published: January 2017

A hydrotalcite‐supported palladium chloride (PdCl2/HT) catalyst has been developed for the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling (SMC) reaction. As‐prepared PdCl2/HT effectively catalyzed the SMC reaction of bromobenzene under air to afford >99 % biphenyl yields and the catalyst could be reused without any significant loss in catalytic activity. The moderate activity (69 % biphenyl yields) of the PdCl2/HT catalyst for chlorobenzene was improved, resulting in biphenyl yields of up to 96 % using a surfactant as an additive. Among various surfactants employed, Triton X‐100 (TX‐100) enhanced the catalytic performances of PdCl2/HT the most. The X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) of bare and surfactant‐treated PdCl2/HT catalysts depicted the ligation of the Pd species by TX‐100 influenced the electronic structure of the Pd species, leading to efficient catalysis.
Influence of hyaluronic acid on the formation of isolated poly(vinyl acetate) films for oral solid coatings
Authors: Zanin Giovane Douglas , Bunhak Élcio Jose , dos Santos Leandro Freire , de Melo Eduardo Borges , Cavalcanti Osvaldo Albuquerque
Published: January 2017

This article presents a preformulation study of isolated poly(vinyl acetate) films with the addition of hyaluronic acid (HA). The films were prepared with the solvent evaporation method and evaluated according to macroscopic, morphologic, structural, water vapor transmission (WVT), swelling index (Si%), and thickness measurements and thermal analyses. The addition of HA resulted proportional reductions in the thickness, transparency, and flexibility and increased WVT rates and Si%. Fourier transform infrared spectra demonstrated that only physical mixing occurred, whereas the thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry curves indicated that the films were thermally stable because the initial decomposition temperature was above 200 °C. The electron micrographs showed modifications in the structure of the polymeric mesh after imersion of films in simulated gastric or intestinal fluids. The prepared films have potential for application in pharmaceutical modification of drug release. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44815.
Short and long term radiation induced cardiovascular disease in patients with cancer
Authors: Nielsen Kirsten Melgaard , Offersen Birgitte Vrou , Nielsen Hanne Melgaard , Vaage‐Nilsen Merete , Yusuf Syed Wamique
Published: January 2017

Radiation‐induced cardiovascular disease is well described as a late effect in cancer patients treated with radiation therapy. Advancements in surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy have led to an increasing number of cancer survivors with resultant long‐term side effects related to their cancer treatments. In this review, we describe the short‐ and long‐term cardiovascular consequences of mediastinal radiotherapy and discuss the optimal cardiovascular assessments and diagnostic tools in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients.
Isotopic Implications for Vapor–Liquid Infiltration Pattern in the Desert Area of Ordos Plateau, China
Authors: Ma Hongyun , Yang Qingchun , Yin Lihe , Huang Jinting , Zhang Jun , Wang Xiaoyong , Li Chengzhu
Published: January 2017

Precipitation infiltration is the unique recharge source of groundwater in most arid areas. In this paper, we focus on the desert area of the Ordos Plateau by assessing the capability of water stable isotope analysis (δD–δ18O) to refine the understanding of groundwater recharge mechanism. In situ profile monitoring of temperature, moisture content, and isotopic sampling in unsaturated and saturated zones was conducted at the Bulanghe station located in the middle of the Ordos Plateau to identify the detailed infiltration process. It was found that the capillary zone has the most depleted heavy O and H isotopes in the profile. The analysis of δD–δ18O relationships of local precipitation explains the isotopic variability and indicates the following processes: (1) Liquid water evaporated at hotter layer near the surface; 2) Part of vapor moves downward and condensates at the deeper layer where it becomes cooler. The isotopic fractionation that occurs in this process makes the condensation zone the most depleted heavy O and H isotopes zone. Temperature and moisture content in the profile also supported the capillary zone as vapor moves downward. The isotopic evidence indicates that, except for direct infiltration, the newly found secondary infiltration pattern, vapor–liquid flow, makes it possible that the low intensity precipitation event contributes to groundwater recharge. The results from this study may provide useful insights into the identification of infiltration mechanism in arid areas in the world.
Evaluation of horizontal stiffness of fibre‐reinforced elastomeric isolators
Authors: Van Ngo Thuyet , Dutta Anjan , Deb Sajal K.
Published: January 2017

Unbonded fibre‐reinforced elastomeric isolator (U‐FREI) is relatively new seismic base isolator in which fibre layers are used as reinforcement to replace steel shims as are normally used in conventional isolators. Further, the top and bottom end steel connector plates of conventional isolators are also removed. In general, the horizontal response of U‐FREI is nonlinear because of reduction in contact area due to rollover deformation and reduction in shear modulus of isolator under large deformation. Thus, evaluation of horizontal stiffness of U‐FREI is a challenging problem. Most previous studies were focused on the investigation of horizontal response of scaled models of U‐FREIs with low shape factors. A few analytical approaches were suggested for predicting the horizontal response of U‐FREI; but their results were not in good agreement with experimental observations. In the present study, the horizontal responses of prototype U‐FREIs are evaluated under a constant vertical pressure and cyclic loading using both experiments and finite element analysis. Prototype U‐FREIs with different shear moduli and with different shape factors are considered. Finite element simulations of corresponding bonded FREIs are also performed under the same loadings as in U‐FREIs. A rational analytical approach including the influence of rollover deformation and simultaneous reduction in shear modulus is proposed as a basic analytical tool for predicting the horizontal stiffness of FREIs (both bonded and unbonded). It is in reasonably good agreement with the results obtained from experiments and numerical analysis. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Current and prospective sights in mechanism of deoxynivalenol‐induced emesis for future scientific study and clinical treatment
Authors: Chen Liangkai , Peng Zhao , Nüssler Andreas K. , Liu Liegang , Yang Wei
Published: January 2017

Abstract

Deoxynivalenol (DON), one of trichothecene mycotoxins produced by the fungus Fusarium, is commonly detected in cereal foods and in secondary food production across the world. Lower concentrations of DON induce a dose‐related feed refusal (anorexia), whereas it acts as a potent emetic agent at higher levels. DON‐induced emesis in humans and livestock can be observed and recorded in both undeveloped and developed regions such as Lixian, Guide and Huangzhong in China and Illinois in the USA. Some studies with different animal models (pigs and minks) suggested that DON could change expressions of 5‐hydroxytryptamine, peptide YY, neuropeptide Y2 receptor and nucleobindin‐2/nesfatin‐1 in plasma and different areas of the brain. Some selective antagonist of 5‐hydroxytryptamine 3 receptors can inhibit DON‐induced emetic response. Otherwise, the Ca2+ homeostasis and MAPK pathway could be potential directions in future studies. Dolasetron, dantrolene and JNJ‐31020028 can be used in clinical treatment but they have potential toxic effects. (−)Epicatechin, ginger phytochemicals and isoflavone can be tested in in vitro and in vivo for their usage as food additives for reducing the emesis. The present review summarizes and discusses some information from previous and recent prominent publications with the aim to provide some comprehensive and helpful data for understanding the mechanism of DON‐induced emesis. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantitative evaluation of root canal surface roughness after filing with adaptive reciprocating and continuous rotary instruments
Authors: Sakhaei Manesh Vahid , Giacomin Paul , Stoll Richard
Published: January 2017

Obtaining clean and smooth root canal walls is the ideal clinical outcome of the cleaning and shaping stage in root canal treatment. This study compares the surface roughness of root canal surfaces instrumented with a NiTi filing system with either adaptive reciprocating (AR) or continuous rotation (CR). Root canal cleaning and shaping was carried out on the mesial canals of 24 extracted first molars roots with either AR or CR. Roots were split in half and the surface roughness of their canals was evaluated in 12 three dimensional roughness reconstructions using a scanning electron microscope. Rz (nm) values were calculated in three areas of each reconstruction and analyzed (α = 0.05). Mann‐Whitney tests showed that surface roughness was significantly higher overall in the AR group (Rz = 967 ± 250 nm) compared with the CR group (Rz = 739 ± 239 nm; p = 0.044). The roughness values generally increased from apical towards the coronal third in both groups. A less aggressive finishing file or a continuous rotary system to end the cleaning and shaping stage may be beneficial to reduce roughness of the root canal surface.
Inhibition of Aquated Sulfur Dioxide Autoxidation by Aliphatic, Acyclic, Aromatic, and Heterocyclic Volatile Organic Compounds
Authors: Meena Vimlesh Kumar , Dhayal Yogpal , Rathore Deepak Singh , Singh Chandel C. P. , Gupta K. S.
Published: January 2017

The oxidation of dissolved sulfur dioxide, sulfur(IV), by oxygen proceeds through the involvement of sulfoxy radicals among which sulfate radical anion is the main chain carrier. When organics are present, they inhibit the oxidation of sulfur(IV) via scavenging of SO4− radicals. In contrast to previous studies, which were limited mostly to aliphatic compounds, this paper presents the results of the effect of 13 new volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including aromatic and heterocyclic on uncatalyzed sulfur(IV) autoxidation at pH 8.2 and 25°C. In all cases, the kinetics was first order in the presence and absence of VOCs and experimental rate law was Eq. (1).

urn:x-wiley:05388066:media:kin21069:kin21069-math-0001where −d[S(IV)]/dt is the rate of sulfur(IV) disappearance, kobs is the first‐order rate constant in the presence of inhibitor, ko is the first‐order rate constant in the absence of inhibitor, [S(IV)] is concentration of sulfur(IV) at time, t, and B is an inhibition parameter.

VOCs cause inhibition by scavenging sulfate radical anions, which propagate the autoxidation chain. An analysis of B (Eq. (1)) and kinh (Eq. (2)) values for 21 aliphatic, aromatic, acyclic, and heterocyclic organic compounds showed that these to be related by Eq. (3) for a subgroup and Eq. (4) for b subgroup.

urn:x-wiley:05388066:media:kin21069:kin21069-math-0002a subgroup (benzamide, 2,2‐dimethyl‐1‐propanol, 1‐hexanol, methanol, ethanol, 1‐propanol, 2‐ propanol, 1‐butanol, 2‐butanol, ethylene glycol, rebaudioside A)
urn:x-wiley:05388066:media:kin21069:kin21069-math-0003b subgroup (o‐toluic acid, m‐toluic acid, p‐toluic acid, 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid, 1‐heptanol, glycerol, sucralose, acesuifame K, glycine, 3‐pentanol)

urn:x-wiley:05388066:media:kin21069:kin21069-math-0004
Comparison of cathodic delamination of poly(n‐alkyl methacrylates) on iron
Authors: Mondragón Ochoa J. S. , Altin A. , Erbe A.
Published: January 2017

Cathodic delamination is measured on iron surfaces covered with different poly(n‐alky methacrylates), where the alkyl is an n‐CnH2n + 1 (n = 1, 4, 18) group. The polymers are prepared by free radical polymerization in solution and spin coated individually on iron. The materials were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy, ellipsometry, and contact angle measurements. Barrier properties in potassium chloride were obtained by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Artificial defects in the polymer model coatings were exposed to 1 M potassium chloride as corrosive medium, and cathodic delamination was measured by a scanning Kelvin probe. The surface wettability decreases as the size of the pending alkyl group in the backbone increases. The same chemical feature shows also an effect on the cathodic delamination and on the electrochemical impedance results. Delamination is roughly twice as fast when n = 1, compared to n = 4 and n = 18. The difference in delamination rate between the latter two polymers is small.
Frequent low‐level mutations of protein kinase D2 in angiolipoma
Authors: Hofvander Jakob , Arbajian Elsa , Stenkula Karin G , Lindkvist‐Petersson Karin , Larsson Malin , Nilsson Jenny , Magnusson Linda , von Steyern Fredrik Vult , Rissler Pehr , Hornick Jason L , Mertens Fredrik
Published: January 2017

Tumours displaying differentiation towards normal fat constitute the most common subgroup of soft tissue neoplasms. A series of such tumours was investigated by whole‐exome sequencing followed by targeted ultra‐deep sequencing. Eighty per cent of angiolipomas, but not any other tumour type, displayed mutations in the protein kinase D2 (PRKD2) gene, typically in the part encoding the catalytic domain. The absence of other aberrations at the chromosome or RNA level suggests that PRKD2 mutations are critical for angiolipoma development. Consistently, the mutated PRKD2 alleles were present at low (3–15%) frequencies, indicating that only a subset of the tumour cells is affected. Indeed, by sequencing mature fat cells and other cells separately, the former typically showed the highest mutation frequencies. Thus, we hypothesize that altered PRKD2 signalling in the adipocytic cells drives tumourigenesis and, in agreement with its pivotal role in angiogenesis, induces the vessel formation that is characteristic for angiolipoma. Copyright © 2016 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Incorporating an allosteric regulatory site in an antibody through backbone design
Authors: Khersonsky Olga , Fleishman Sarel J.
Published: January 2017

Allosteric regulation underlies living cells' ability to sense changes in nutrient and signaling‐molecule concentrations, but the ability to computationally design allosteric regulation into non‐allosteric proteins has been elusive. Allosteric‐site design is complicated by the requirement to encode the relative stabilities of active and inactive conformations of the same protein in the presence and absence of both ligand and effector. To address this challenge, we used Rosetta to design the backbone of the flexible heavy‐chain complementarity‐determining region 3 (HCDR3), and used geometric matching and sequence optimization to place a Zn2+‐coordination site in a fluorescein‐binding antibody. We predicted that due to HCDR3's flexibility, the fluorescein‐binding pocket would configure properly only upon Zn2+ application. We found that regulation by Zn2+ was reversible and sensitive to the divalent ion's identity, and came at the cost of reduced antibody stability and fluorescein‐binding affinity. Fluorescein bound at an order of magnitude higher affinity in the presence of Zn2+ than in its absence, and the increase in fluorescein affinity was due almost entirely to faster fluorescein on‐rate, suggesting that Zn2+ preorganized the antibody for fluorescein binding. Mutation analysis demonstrated the extreme sensitivity of Zn2+ regulation on the atomic details in and around the metal‐coordination site. The designed antibody could serve to study how allosteric regulation evolved from non‐allosteric binding proteins, and suggests a way to designing molecular sensors for environmental and biomedical targets.
Answers to Some Questions Concerning Rings with Property (A)
Authors: Hashemi E. , Estaji A. AS. , Ziembowski M.
Published: January 2017

A ring R has right property (A) whenever a finitely generated two-sided ideal of R consisting entirely of left zero-divisors has a non-zero right annihilator. As the main result of this paper we give answers to two questions related to property (A), raised by Hong et al. One of the questions has a positive answer and we obtain it as a simple conclusion of the fact that if R is a right duo ring and M is a u.p.-monoid (unique product monoid), then R is right M-McCoy and the monoid ring R[M] has right property (A). The second question has a negative answer and we demonstrate this by constructing a suitable example.
Bodily arousal differentially impacts stimulus processing and memory: Norepinephrine in interoception
Authors: Critchley Hugo D. , Garfinkel Sarah N.
Published: January 2017

Bodily arousal modulates stimulus processing and memory, contributing to expression of emotional salience. The “glutamate amplifies noradrenergic effects” (GANE) model proposed by Mather and colleagues can be extended to account for the differential impact of interoceptive (notably cardiac afferent) signals on sensory processing. However, some emotion-specific effects, for example, for fear, may further depend on functional anatomical organisation of affect-related brain structures.
What do we GANE with age?
Authors: Nassar Matthew R. , Bruckner Rasmus , Eppinger Ben
Published: January 2017

Mather and colleagues provide an impressive cross-level account of how arousal levels modulate behavior, and they support it with data ranging from receptor pharmacology to measures of cognitive function. Here we consider two related questions: (1) Why should the brain engage in different arousal levels? and (2) What are the predicted consequences of age-related changes in norepinephrine signaling for cognitive function?
“What have we GANEd?” A theoretical construct to explain experimental evidence for noradrenergic regulation of sensory signal processing
Authors: Navarra Rachel , Waterhouse Barry
Published: January 2017

The GANE (glutamate amplifies noradrenergic effects) theory posits a mechanism for amplifying noradrenergic modulatory actions and enhancing the processing of high-priority sensory signals for immediate or future experience-guided action. This theoretical construct is thought provoking with respect to the central processing of high-priority versus low-priority stimuli, but it requires some refinement to account for physiological fluctuations in NE efflux as a function of naturally occurring transitions in behavioral state and the experimentally observed phenomena associated with noradrenergic regulation of sensory signal transfer.
Motility, progressive motility score and DNA integrity of spermatozoa from cold-preserved mouse cauda epididymis
Authors: Jiang Man-Xi , Zhu Yan , Ou Xiang-Hong , Chen Lei-Ning , Jing Tao , Wang Bao-Ping
Published: January 2017

This study attempted to investigate and validate whether epididymis cold storage could be a suitable alternative for short-term preservation of spermatozoa. Mouse cauda epididymides and spermatozoa were preserved at 4–8°C from 1 day to 6 weeks. From days 1 to 10, motility and fertility were daily examined when motility loss occurred. From week 1, spermatozoa were used for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) at weekly intervals to test their fertility, and spermatozoa DNA integrity was determined by comet assay. We found that motility and progressive motility scores gradually decreased with storage time. In nearly all spermatozoa, DNA integrity was maintained from days 1 to 10, but the percentage of spermatozoa with damaged DNA significantly increased from week 2 to week 6. Spermatozoa retained fertility until day 6, although fertility gradually decreased after day 3. From week 1 to week 5, fertilization rates by ICSI were more than 82.69% but decreased gradually after week 3. We found that spermatozoa preserved in the epididymis at 4–8°C had progressively lower motility, fertility and proportion of undamaged DNA, but could still fertilize oocytes. However, all the parameters of cold-preserved spermatozoa were completely inferior to that from cold-preserved cauda epididymides. The results imply that cold storage of cauda epididymides could be conducive to short-term preservation of spermatozoa, and the cold-stored spermatozoa can resist DNA denaturation, which is necessary for maintaining reproductive ability.
Enactment of the Food Safety Modernization Act
Authors: Oldfield Michaela Tarr
Published: January 2017

The United States’ Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) revises the US Food and Drug Administration's regulatory authority. While expanding FDA's authority, the legislation replicates and relies on private systems of standards and third party audits, albeit with modifications. This article argues that public and private actors develop food safety regulations within multiple types of institutional venues, including private standards regimes, courts, congresses, and government regulatory agencies. It examines how interactions within each of these venues are shaped by stakeholders’ interests, and how the relevant subset of interactions within these venues ultimately shaped the FSMA. The article concludes by offering insights into what consequences these interactions and outcomes may have on the roles and capacities of affected stakeholders in food safety governance.
Animal Testing and Marketing Bans of the EU Cosmetics Legislation
Authors: Fischer Kristian
Published: January 2017

For many years, the EU's legislation on animal testing and marketing bans regarding cosmetic products and their ingredients has been giving rise to controversy. First, the bans were introduced under the regime of the Cosmetics Directive, which was subsequently replaced by Regulation (EC) No. 1223/2009 on cosmetic products (hereinafter “EU Cosmetics Regulation”). In this process, the animal testing and marketing bans of Article 4a of the Cosmetics Directive were transferred – with identical content and largely with the same wording – to Article 18 of the EU Cosmetics Regulation, so that the legal issues connected with the bans have basically remained the same. Since the transitional periods for the application of the bans ended on 11 March 2009 and 11 March 2013 (for details, see Article 18(2) of EU Cosmetics Regulation), and the bans as provided by Article 18(1) of the EU Cosmetics Regulation are binding and directly applicable in the EU Member States, they must be observed by the affected businesses as of now. Violations are to be sanctioned in the Member States in an effective, proportionate and dissuasive manner (Article 37 of EU Cosmetics Regulation).
A Battle of the Norms in EU Chemicals Regulation Space: Reflections on the Court of Justice Decision on the Concept of “Articles” Under REACH
Authors: Vaughan Steven
Published: January 2017

Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) delivered on 10 September 2015 in Case C-106/14, Fédération des entreprises du commerce et de la distribution (FCD) and Fédération des magasins de bricolage et de l’aménagement de la maison (FMB) v Ministre de l’écologie, du développement durable et de lʼénergie.
Glacier advance during Marine Isotope Stage 11 in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica
Authors: Swanger Kate M. , Lamp Jennifer L. , Winckler Gisela , Schaefer Joerg M. , Marchant David R.
Published: January 2017

We mapped six distinct glacial moraines alongside Stocking Glacier in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. Stocking Glacier is one of several alpine glaciers in the Dry Valleys fringed by multiple cold-based drop moraines. To determine the age of the outermost moraine, we collected 10 boulders of Ferrar Dolerite along the crest of the moraine and analyzed mineral separates of pyroxene for cosmogenic 3He. On the basis of these measurements, the exposure age for the outermost moraine is 391 ± 35 ka. This represents the first documented advance of alpine glacier ice in the Dry Valleys during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 11. At this time, Stocking Glacier was ~20–30% larger than today. The cause of ice expansion is uncertain, but most likely it is related to increased atmospheric temperature and precipitation, associated with reduced ice extent in the nearby Ross Embayment. The data suggest complex local environmental response to warm climates in Antarctica and have implications for glacial response to Holocene warming. The study also demonstrates the potential for using alpine glacier chronologies in the Transantarctic Mountains as proxies for retreat of grounded glacier ice in the Ross Embayment.
Thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione as novel building block for host materials for red PhOLEDs
Authors: Kautny Paul , Zhao Chenyang , Schopf Dominik , Stöger Berthold , Horkel Ernst , Chen Jiangshan , Ma Dongge , Fröhlich Johannes , Lumpi Daniel
Published: January 2017

Thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione has been applied as novel building block for host materials for red phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes.
Fabrication of silver nanowire transparent conductive films with an ultra-low haze and ultra-high uniformity and their application in transparent electronics
Authors: Chen Chao , Zhao Yan , Wei Wei , Tao Jingqi , Lei Guowei , Jia Dan , Wan Mengjuan , Li Shuxin , Ji Shulin , Ye Changhui
Published: January 2017

Transparent conductive films with an optical haze of 0.8% and a sheet resistance deviation of 5% are fabricated for high-definition and acute electronics.
First steps toward memory processor unit architecture based on SN P systems
Authors: Duchen G. , Diaz C. , Sanchez G. , Perez H.
Published: January 2017

During the last decade, an emerging branch of computer science (biologically inspired engineering) has been made intensive studies to create an efficient CPU based on spiking neural P systems. Most of these studies have been focused on developing theoretical neural arithmetic circuits that could be integrated into an arithmetic logic unit. However, the memory system has a significant relevance since modern computers demand large memory bandwidth affecting significantly their performance and power consumption. Recently, the use of memory processing units (MPUs) allows to increase their performance by processing and storing the data in the same unit. This work maybe considered as a first step toward the design of a memory system highly inspired by the neural processing of the soma, dendritic behaviour and astrocyte‐like control. In addition, the basic neural single neural (SN) P memory cells can compute intrinsically two basic arithmetic operations (addition and subtraction) that potentially allow the development of a neural MPU system without modifying the basic structure of the neural SN P memory cell. High definition video processing is one of the potential applications to apply the proposed neural MPU to increase the processing speed compared with existing approaches.
CRF‐based depth refinement with hybrid depth information
Authors: Tao Qiuyan , Wang Lianghao , Li Dongxiao , Zhang Ming
Published: January 2017

A conditional random field (CRF)‐based framework is proposed for depth refinement. It consists of two phases: depth impainting and depth super‐resolution (SR). The CRF inference procedure uses depth information enhanced in three different ways to ensure the accurate edge of the final depth output. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the method both numerically and visually. Note that the method produces depth map with better edge than other depth impainting and SR methods do.
Simple Resistance Exercise for 24 Weeks Decreases Alanine Aminotransferase Levels in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Takahashi Atsushi , Imaizumi Hiromichi , Hayashi Manabu , Okai Ken , Abe Kazumichi , Usami Keiji , Tanji Nobuo , Ohira Hiromasa
Published: January 2017

Exercise therapy is effective and recommended for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) based on the efficacy of hepatic fat reduction. However, the efficacies of exercise therapy are based on short-term intervention. Moreover, no reports have examined whether significant reductions in serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) are achieved with exercise therapy in patients with NAFLD. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of simple resistance exercise for 24 weeks in NAFLD.

59 patients with NAFLD were assigned to a resistance exercise group (n=28) or a control group (n=31). The resistance exercise group performed 2 exercises (push-ups and squats) 3 times a week on nonconsecutive days for a trial periods of 24 weeks. Patients in the control group proceeded with regular physical activities under a restricted diet throughout the study. The effects of exercise were compared between groups after 24 weeks.

Mean ALT level, homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance index and hepatic steatosis grade were all decreased in the resistance exercise group. Changes in ALT levels correlated negatively with changes in muscle:body weight ratio in the exercise group.

These data demonstrate that 24 weeks of simple resistance exercise comprising squats and push-ups represents an effective treatment for NAFLD.
Natural excitation orbitals from linear response theories: Time-dependent density functional theory, time-dependent Hartree-Fock, and time-dependent natural orbital functional theory
Authors: van Meer R. , Gritsenko O. V. , Baerends E. J.
Published: January 2017

Straightforward interpretation of excitations is possible if they can be described as simple single orbital-to-orbital (or double, etc.) transitions. In linear response time-dependent density functional theory (LR-TDDFT), the (ground state) Kohn-Sham orbitals prove to be such an orbital basis. In contrast, in a basis of natural orbitals (NOs) or Hartree-Fock orbitals, excitations often employ many orbitals and are accordingly hard to characterize. We demonstrate that it is possible in these cases to transform to natural excitation orbitals (NEOs) which resemble very closely the KS orbitals and afford the same simple description of excitations. The desired transformation has been obtained by diagonalization of a submatrix in the equations of linear response time-dependent 1-particle reduced density matrix functional theory (LR-TDDMFT) for the NO transformation, and that of a submatrix in the linear response time-dependent Hartree-Fock (LR-TDHF) equations for the transformation of HF orbitals. The corresponding submatrix is already diagonal in the KS basis in the LR-TDDFT equations. While the orbital shapes of the NEOs afford the characterization of the excitations as (mostly) simple orbital-to-orbital transitions, the orbital energies provide a fair estimate of excitation energies.