bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perfil epidemiológico-clínico de pacientes pós-covid acompanhados em ambulatório de referência
Authors: Santana Emanuela Marques de , Pinho Clarissa Mourão , Aquino Jael Maria de , Nascimento Ailkyanne Karelly Oliveira , Inácio Jéssica de Oliveira , Barros Alice Correia , Lima Angélica de Godoy Torres , Ferreira José Alexandre de Andrade , Silva Adryelle Santana da , Silva Maria Vitória Freire
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico-clínico de pacientes pós-covid acompanhados em ambulatório de referência. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa. Participaram do estudo 64 pacientes atendidos no ambulatório pós-COVID de um hospital de referência em pneumologia de Pernambuco, acompanhados no período de janeiro de 2020 a junho de 2021. A coleta dos dados ocorreu entre setembro e outubro de 2021, utilizando-se questionário próprio. Para a análise de dados foram realizados testes estatísticos descritivos, onde as variáveis numéricas foram apresentadas por meio de medidas de tendência central e dispersão e as variáveis nominais através de valores absolutos e relativos em tabelas de frequências. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa sob parecer de número 4.955.149. Resultados: Observou-se predominância da dispneia, tosse e febre em pacientes com COVID-19. Entre as sequelas pós-COVID-19 mais prevalentes estão os distúrbios ventilatórios inespecífico, restritivo e obstrutivo, e os principais achados da tomografia de tórax foram fibroatelectasia (25; 39,1%) e opacidades em vidro fosco (12; 18,8%). Conclusão: Compreender o perfil epidemiológico e clínico dos pacientes pós-covid possibilita o planejamento de ações de saúde que visem a recuperação das sequelas relacionadas à doença, bem como a melhora da qualidade de vida dos pacientes.
Vulnerability Analysis of Fire Disaster Evacuation at old Thanjavur town, India using Space Syntax Method
Authors: Natarajan Ramesh Babu , Subramanian C.V.
Published: December 2023

Old towns of south India face difficulties to cope up with morphological changes due to rapid urbanization. This research understands the morphological configuration of old Thanjavur town based on three parameters: connectivity, integration and depth of street networks from the aspect of emergency evacuation in the event of a fire disaster.UCL DepthmapX simulation and Space Syntax are used to analyze the degree of connectivity and network. Analysis for regression between connectivity and integration shows correlation value of 0.2757 (R2=0.076) in western zone. The southern zone shows a correlation value of 0.3592 (R2=0.129). The correlation value of eastern zone is 0.3975 (R2=0.158) and in northern zone it is 0.2302 (R2=0.053). Result shows low levels of intelligibility in northern and western zones of Thanjavur town which are vulnerable in the event of fire disaster evacuation.
Services mutuels entre arbres, cultures et élevage dans les parcs agroforestiers de la zone sub-humide du Burkina Faso
Authors: Serpantié Georges , Loireau Maud , Bastide Brigitte , Clermont-Dauphin Cathy , Sawadogo Abdraime , Douanio Manaka , Maiga Abdoul-Aziz
Published: December 2023

Description du sujet. Les parcs agroforestiers de l’Afrique sub-humide connaissent des variations régionales de composition et de densité qui pourraient être liées à des facteurs naturels et aux savoirs et objectifs de leurs gestionnaires quant aux bénéfices et inconvénients des arbres. Objectifs. Afin de vérifier cette dernière l’hypothèse, nous avons utilisé le cadre d’analyse des services et desservices écosystémiques (SE/DSE) en partant du point de vue des familles paysannes qui gèrent les parcs. Méthode. Sur un transect sociétal en zone sud soudanienne du Burkina Faso, dans une zone au milieu suffisamment homogène, six villages divisés en deux groupes (Ouest, Est) selon des critères sociétaux ont fait l’objet de 67 entretiens auprès de familles exploitantes de champs inventoriés par ailleurs. Les enquêteurs ont employé des équivalents de l’idée de bénéfice ou avantage des arbres pour les cultures et l’élevage, et vice versa, dans les langues locales. La fréquence de citation d’un SE/DSE constitue un indicateur d’importance de ce dernier pour une population. Les SE/DSE reconnus par une majorité sont qualifiés « essentiels ». Résultats. Avec huit SE importants pour seulement deux DSE, les avantages mutuels perçus entre composantes de l’association arbres-cultures-élevage dominent. Les SE des arbres aux cultures et au bétail et les SE inverses sont presque aussi nombreux, créant une synergie. À l’Est du transect (parc dense et diversifié sur cultures manuelles de sorgho), l’ensemble constitué de cette synergie, des cinq SE essentiels (fertilité du sol, alimentation bétail – feuilles et fruits –, ombrage du bétail, fertilisation de l’arbre par bétail) et des SE directs (approvisionnement en bois et fruits), est interprétable comme une nécessité perçue d’un peuplement arboré dense et varié, plus qu’un simple bénéfice. Dans l’Ouest en revanche (parc peu dense et pauvre en espèces sur cultures intensives mécanisées), il est perçu un DSE essentiel des arbres (ombrage et gêne des cultures), aussi le parc est pensé comme moins nécessaire et réduit à son minimum pour la seule production lucrative de karité. Conclusions. Ces faisceaux de relations perçues qui dépendent des systèmes de culture et d’élevage menés sont donc à la base de l’arbitrage de densité et de composition. À l’Ouest, la réhabilitation du parc serait facilitée par des appuis et incitations provenant des filières coton et karité, responsables de l’appauvrissement du parc, pour y compenser l’arbitrage défavorable. Cette réhabilitation aurait pour but de rendre des SE spécifiques à la fois locaux (régénération du karité, fourrages, santé du sol) et globaux (biodiversité, carbone).
Jeu de tâches et calculettes dans le contexte de la formation professionnelle spécialisée en Suisse romande
Authors: Favre Jean-Michel
Published: December 2023

Ce texte rend compte d’une expérimentation menée dans le Centre de formation professionnelle et sociale (CFPS) du Château de Seedorf à Noréaz (FR). Cette expérimentation concerne l’usage des calculettes auprès de jeunes apprenties qui entament une formation professionnelle spécialisée. Elle est à considérer comme un exemple de jeu de tâches (Favre, 2008), mode d’interactions développé par le groupe ddmes (didactique des maths dans l’enseignement spécialisé), mis en œuvre dans ce contexte d’enseignement particulier.
Contrat d’adhésion didactique lors de la mise en place d’un dispositif d’aide « préventif »
Authors: Assude Teresa , Millon-Faure Karine , Tambone Jeannette
Published: December 2023

Le but de cet article est d’étudier des conditions favorables à la mise en place en classe entière d’un dispositif d’aide « préventif » destiné aux élèves en difficulté dans la résolution de problèmes mathématiques. Nous nous intéressons en particulier aux conditions relevant d’un contrat d’adhésion didactique qui peuvent assurer le fonctionnement et les effets potentiels d’un tel dispositif.
méso-espace au secours des difficultés d’apprentissage en mathématiques
Authors: Dénervaud Stéphanie , Dias Thierry , Serment Jimmy
Published: December 2023

La construction des connaissances spatiales et géométriques fait l’objet de nombreuses études en didactique révélant régulièrement une difficulté récurrente : celle des liens entre le plan et l’espace. En contexte scolaire, ce passage fait souvent l’objet de tâches confrontant les élèves à la découverte des objets et de leurs propriétés dans une taille d’espace réduite : celle dite du micro-espace. Nous proposons dans cet article de montrer comment l’utilisation d’une situation d’apprentissage inscrite dans une taille intermédiaire, celle du méso-espace, permet de répondre en partie aux difficultés d’apprentissage des élèves.
État des lieux de la recherche en Mathematics Education de 2007 à 2021 sur les troubles et difficultés d’apprentissage en mathématiques
Authors: Peteers Florence , Lemrich Chloé , Gregorio Francesca , Gardes Marie-Line
Published: December 2023

Cet article présente une revue de littérature systématique sur les MLD (mathematical learning disabilities, difficulties ou disorder) dans le domaine Mathematics education au cours des quinze dernières années. Les principaux résultats sont exposés à partir de différents critères : la terminologie et les définitions couramment utilisées, les régions géographiques qui s’intéressent à cette question, l’âge des participants aux recherches, le contenu mathématique traité et l’objet d’étude principal des recherches (identification, intervention ou caractéristiques de l’élève).
Phasor-Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Correlates Dynamics of in-situ Amyloid Nanostructures to Respiratory Dysfunction
Authors: Ren Yong , Zhou Zhixuan , Maxeiner Konrad , Kaltbeitzel Anke , Harley Iain , Xing Jiaqi , Wu Yingke , Wagner Manfred , Landfester Katharina , Lieberwirth Ingo , Weil Tanja , Ng David Y.W.
Published: December 2023

The complex dynamics and transience of molecular aggregation pathways leading to amyloid-based neurodegeneration complicate the mechanistic understanding of these fatal diseases. Current technologies are unable to track the molecular processes leading to the onset of amyloidogenesis where real-time information is imperative to correlate its rich biology. Using a chemically-designed amyloidogenic molecule, we map its molecular transformation into amyloids and the resultant fusion with endosomes to form discrete, hollow plaque clusters. Tracked by phasor-fluorescence lifetime imaging (phasor-FLIM) in epithelial cells (L929, A549, MDA-MB 231) and correlative light-electron microscopy/tomography (CLEM), spatiotemporal splicing of the aggregation events shows time-correlated respiratory failure. We reveal that the initial dynamics of aggregation invokes cellular responses on a systemic level.
Protonation of the (6-4) lesion by histidine in DNA repair revisited
Authors: Domratcheva Tatiana , Odintsov Konstantin
Published: December 2023

The harmful pyrimidine-pyrimidone (6-4) lesions in DNA are repaired by a specific photoenzyme DNA 6-4 photolyase (64PL). The repair process combines photoexcitation of the FADH− cofactor with electron transfer (ET) and proton transfer (PT) reactions. Despite being researched for three decades, the chemical details of the lesion reversion to the intact nucleobases are far from being clear. Here we investigate a commonly anticipated PT reaction from a conserved histidine residue to the 3’base of the lesion. Employing quantum chemistry calculations and molecular dynamics simulations of the 64PL enzyme from Dr. Melanogaster we estimate energies of PT and ET reactions involving His365. The results suggest that PT from His365 to the 3’base is energetically favourable whereas ET from the FADH− cofactor to the 3’base is disfavoured by the low electronic coupling. The anticipated spontaneous deprotonation of His365 upon lesion binding to the enzyme clearly suggests that 3’ base protonation by His365 does not belong to the lesion repair pathway.
Sub-millisecond Atomistic Simulations Reveal Hydrogen Bond-Driven Diffusion of a Guest Peptide in Protein-RNA Condensate
Authors: Unarta Ilona C. , Cao Siqin , Goonetilleke Eshani C. , Niu Jiani , Gellman Samuel H. , Huang Xuhui
Published: December 2023

Liquid-liquid phase separation mediated by proteins and/or nucleic acids is believed to underlie the formation of many distinct condensed phases, or membraneless organelles, within living cells. These condensates have been proposed to orchestrate a variety of important processes. Despite recent advances, the interactions that regulate the dynamics of molecules within a condensate remain poorly understood. We performed an accumulated 564.7μs all-atom Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations (system size ~200K atoms) of model condensates formed by a scaffold RNA oligomer and a scaffold peptide rich in arginine (Arg). These model condensates contained one of three possible guest peptides: the scaffold peptide itself or a variant in which six Arg residues were replaced by lysine (Lys) or asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA). We found that the Arg-rich peptide can form the largest number of hydrogen bonds and bind the strongest to the scaffold RNA in the condensate, relative to the Lys- and ADMA-rich peptides. Our MD simulations also showed that the Arg-rich peptide diffused more slowly in the condensate relative to the other two guest peptides, which is consistent with a recent fluorescence microscopy study. There was no significant increase in the number of cation-π interactions between the Arg-rich peptide and the scaffold RNA compared to the Lys-rich and ADMA-rich peptides. Our results indicate that hydrogen bonds between the peptides and the RNA backbone, rather than cation-π interactions, play the major role in regulating peptide diffusion in the condensate.
Dithienylethene-based photoswitchable phosphines for light-controlled palladium-catalyzed Stille coupling reaction
Authors: Sherstiuk Anastasiia , Lledós Agustí , Lönnecke Peter , Hernando Jordi , Sebastián Rosa María , Hey-Hawkins Evamarie
Published: December 2023

Homogeneous transition metal catalysis is a constantly developing field of the chemical sciences. A growing interest in this area is photoswitchable catalysis, which pursues in-situ modulation of catalyst activity through non-invasive light irradiation. Phosphorus ligands are excellent targets to accomplish this goal by introducing photoswitchable moieties; however, only a limited number of examples has been reported so far. In this work we have developed a series of palladium complexes capable of catalyzing the Stille coupling reaction that contain photoisomerizable phosphine ligands based on dithienylethene switches. Incorporation of electron-withdrawing substituents into these dithienylethene moieties allows to vary the electron density on the phosphorus atom of the ligands upon light irradiation, which in turn leads to a modulation of the catalytic properties of the formed complexes and their activity in a model Stille coupling reaction. These results are supported by theoretical computations, which show that the energy barriers for the rate-determining steps of the catalytic cycle decrease when the photoswitchable phosphine ligands are converted to their closed state.
The value of ammonia towards integrated power and heat system decarbonisation
Authors: Bounitsis Georgios , Charitopoulos Vassilis M.
Published: December 2023

As UK is legally bound to Net Zero goal, deep decarbonisation of wide power and heat systems constitutes a focal point of research. With heat being the biggest energy consumer in the UK, sector coupling emerges as imperative towards cost-efficient decarbonisation. Pathways including dense energy carriers (DEC), which can store excessive intermittent renewable energy, offer alternative options for optimal system's operation. In this work, the role of hydrogen and ammonia as energy vectors in Great Britain’s (GB) power system planning is examined. Dense energy carriers' pathways are modelled to offer additional energy storage, transport and electricity generation options for the system. A spatially-explicit snapshot model is developed, whose temporal resolution captures the short- and long-term dynamics of demands and renewable sources through a novel fine-grained chronological clustering. Ultimately, integrated capacity planning and operational optimisation in GB is conducted for a target year via the snapshot model. Regional power and heat demands are determined as the heat fuel consumption mix is optimised. Key findings include that under various scenarios up to 80\% heat electrification can be cost effectively achieved through the flexibility offered by up to 6 TWh of ammonia storage for annual inter-seasonal storage.
Passive Assessment of Geophysical Instruments Performance using Electrical Network Frequency Analysis
Authors: Koymans Mathijs , Assink Jelle , De Zeeuq-van Dalfsen Elske , Evers Läslo
Published: December 2023

The electrical network frequency (ENF) of the alternating current operated on the power grid is a well-known source of noise in digital recordings. The noise is widespread and appears not just in close proximity to high-voltage power lines, but also in instruments simply connected to the mains powers grid. This omnipresent, anthropogenic signal is generally perceived as a nuisance in the processing of geophysical data. Research has therefore been mainly focused on its elimination from data, while its benefits have gone largely unexplored. It is shown that mHz fluctuations in the nominal ENF (50-60 Hz) induced by variations in power usage can be accurately extracted from geophysical data. This information represents a persistent time-calibration signal that is coherent between instruments over national scales. Cross-correlation of reliable reference ENF data published by electrical grid operators with estimated ENF data from geophysical recordings allows timing errors to be resolved at the 1 s level. Furthermore, it is shown that a polarization analysis of particle motion at the ENF can detect instrument orientation anomalies. While the source of the ENF signal in geophysical data appears instrument and site specific, its general utility in the detection of timing and orientation anomalies is presented.
Comparison of Brain Natriuretic Peptide and Other Laboratory Parameters of Those Who Died From Coronavirus Disease and Those Who Were Discharged
Authors: ÖZDİN Mehmet , KÖROĞLU Mehmet , YAYLACI Selcuk , ÇOKLUK Erdem , KOCAYİĞİT İbrahim , ÖĞÜTLÜ Aziz
Published: December 2023

Objectıve: In this study, we aim to compare the brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) of patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 infection, who were hospitalized and discharged, and those who died.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 474 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 disease. Information of 56 patients who died and 418 patients with COVID-19 who were discharged were obtained from the hospital information management system (HIMS) and analyzed retrospectively. The relationship between BNP, white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil (NEU), lymphocyte (LYM), platelet (PLT), Procalcitonin (PCT), High Sensitive Troponin I (hs Tn I), D-dimer and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) levels in deceased patients and discharged patients researched.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference in mortality between women and men (p=0.385). There was no statistically significant difference in BNP, WBC, NEU, LYM, platelet, PCT and hs Tn I values between those who died and those who were discharged. D-dimer and CRP values of those who died and discharged were statistically significant (p< 0.031 and 0.020, respectively).
Conclusions: Increased levels of CRP and D-dimer were found to be associated with mortality. More comprehensive studies are needed on this subject.
Examination of Perception of Nursing Care and Quality of Recovery in Surgical Patients According to Some Variables
Authors: ONGÜN Pınar , KARADAŞ Ayşe
Published: December 2023

Objective: The study aims to determine the relationship between the quality of care perception and healing quality levels of surgical patients and to determine the differences according to their characteristics.
Materials and Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on 237 patients treated in the surgical clinics of a university hospital from December 2021 to May 2022. Data were collected using a descriptive information form, the Patient's Perception of Nursing Care Scale, and the Quality of Recovery-40 Scale.
Results: The mean total score of the Patient's Perception of Nursing Care Scale was 71.45±9.81, and the mean total score of the Quality of Recovery-40 Scale was 106±15.95. The mean score of the physical independence sub-dimension of the Quality of Recovery-40 Scale was the highest (21.14±5.73), and the mean score of the pain sub-dimension was the lowest (9.32±3.57). There was statistically significant relationship between gender, having a companion, and Patient's Perception of Nursing Care Scale and between having a chronic disease and the Quality of Recovery-40 Scale.
Conclusion: It was found that the level of patient's perception of nursing care was high, the level of recovery quality was below average, and there was no relationship between the level of perception of nursing care.
Investigation of Rational Drug Use and Health Perception Levels of Caregivers for Individuals with Chronic Diseases: A Hospital Example
Authors: KERKEZ Müjde , ÖZTÜRK Mehmet Hayrullah
Published: December 2023

Objective: This research aimed to determine the investigation of rational drug use and the health perception level of caregivers for individuals with chronic diseases.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at the public hospital in Şırnak city centre between December 2022 and February 2023. The sample of the study consisted of 242 caregivers. The research data were gathered from the socio-demographic characteristics form, the rational drug use scale, and the health perception scale. In addition to descriptive analysis, independent t-test, ANOVA, correlation, and regression analysis were used in statistical analysis.
Results: The average age of caregivers is 39.25±12.45, the average age of patients requiring care is 64.73±12.50, and the patient care duration is 3.39±2.03 years. Rational Drug Use Scale mean score was 37.29±5.62, Health Perception Scale mean score was 40.14±7.93, and there was a positive significant correlation between the Rational Drug Use and Health Perception mean scores (p<0.01). Their socio-demographic characteristics significantly affect caregivers' rational drug use and health perception (p<0.05).
Conclusions: It was determined that caregivers had a moderate level of rational drug use and health perception. As a result, caregivers are an essential component of healthcare services, and health education should be provided.
Determinants of Cancer-Related Online Information-Seeking Intentions of Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy
Authors: ESKİLER Ersin , BİLİR Cemil , ALTUNIŞIK Remzi
Published: December 2023

Objective: In this research, we aimed to determine the factors affecting cancer patients' intention to seek cancer-related information online.
Materials and Methods: The research was carried out in the context of the cross-section approach and relational survey model among the general survey models. Data were collected by a face-to-face survey from people treated at Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Oncology Department between April and November 2021. Total of 240 people voluntarily participated in the research, including 140 females (Age:47.10±10.78) and 100 males (Age:53.88±13.58) diagnosed with cancer in the 18-84 age range (Age:49.93±12.45).
Results: As a result of the stepwise regression analysis, the factors of attitude, ISA, and ISQ had a statistically significant positive effect on the patient's intention to search for health information on the Internet, whereas facilitating conditions did not have a statistically significant effect.
Conclusion: It is anticipated that the research results will provide guidance for understanding and successfully managing the information-seeking behaviours of cancer patients.
Analysis of the Escalation in Radiological Imaging: Underlying Factors and Consequences
Authors: ARIK Erbil , ÖZTÜRK Mehmet Halil , TAYDAŞ Onur
Published: December 2023

Since the discovery of X-rays, radiological examinations have held a crucial role in diagnosis. With the progression of technology over time, the diversity and applications of imaging methods have expanded significantly. In recent years, there has been a notable increase in the use of radiological examinations. This surge can have adverse effects in various domains, primarily impacting healthcare and the economy. In order to cope with the numerical increase in radiological imaging, excessive or unnecessary imaging should be taken under the spotlight. In this review, the reasons and consequences of the increase in the number of radiological examinations will be revealed.
Quarterly Economic Commentary, Winter 2023
Authors: McQuinn Kieran , O'Toole Conor , Kenny Eoin , Hauser Lea
Published: December 2023

Forecast Overview: While the underlying Irish economy as measured by modified domestic demand (MDD) continues to grow, it is clear that external sources of growth are slowing somewhat. Global conditions continue to moderate as households and firms in most Western economies are facing elevated costs of finance through higher interest rates. This has implications for the domestic economy given its small and open nature. However, the moderating impact on the Irish economy is compounded by the slowdown in growth rates experienced by sectors which have been central to the recent strong growth performance. Exports and investment levels in the domestic economy, for example, have registered negative growth rates in recent quarters principally due to the slowdown in multinational-related activities. Despite this, MDD is still growing at a consistent rate of approximately 0.6 per cent, and other indicators such as Exchequer receipts and the labour market variables all indicate resilient domestic growth. We expect MDD to grow at an average of 2 per cent in 2024. The recent Budget was a sizeable package with an additional expenditure level of approximately €14 billion being outlined for the coming year. While there were elements in the Budget which were laudable, overall the package was quite stimulatory and would have benefitted from being more targeted in nature. This is particularly the case given the persistence observed in the rates of CPI inflation. We now forecast that inflation will be 6.4 per cent in 2023 before falling to a still elevated rate of 2.9 per cent in 2024. A Special Article to the Commentary by Doorley et al. presents the annual distributional review of the impacts of the Budget. Doorley et al. conclude that the Budget left households across the income distribution better off by just over 2 per cent, with the lowest income quintile benefitting the most by 5 to 6 per cent of disposable income. They also note that policymakers should move away from the use of temporary measures to compensate households for the presence of inflation.
Risk Factors Affecting Pulmonary Disorders of Workers In Indonesia: Literature Review 2017-2022
Authors: Widiaristy Dessy , Sunarsih Elvi , Flora Rostika , Windusari Yuanita , Zulkarnain Mohammad , Suheryanto Suheryanto
Published: December 2023

Pulmonary disorders in 2018 entered the 5th rank as a disease that causes death. Dust and gas are air pollutants that have a high level of toxicity in the environment when entering and accumulating in human respiratory organs for a long time can cause lung function disorders. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors for impaired function in workers in Indonesia. This study used the literature review method with Google Scholar, PubMed, and BioMed Central databases. Search for articles according to topics published from 2017 to 2022 with a working population and research locations in Indonesia. The results of the study obtained a total of 4648 articles, after screening 30 articles were obtained for analysis. From the research it was found that dust exposure and gas exposure were the types of pollutants that caused lung function disorders. The factors that can be modified are setting the length of exposure so that it can affect the working period per year, nutritional status, exercise, smoking habits and the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Age and gender variables are risk factors that cannot be modified. The longer a person works, the greater the potential hazards that accumulate into the body, especially workers who are in a dusty environment. Therefore, efforts are needed to manage exposure to air pollution in the work environment and routinely conduct medical check-ups for workers, exercise regularly, use PPE, eliminate smoking habits to minimize the occurrence of lung function disorders.
Fire classification in natural ecosystems by physical and environmental characteristics
Authors: Chernogor L. F. , Nekos A. N. , Titenko G. V. , Chornohor L. L.
Published: December 2023

To qualitatively and quantitatively characterize and classify the intensity of forest fires and their environmental consequences, it is necessary to develop a special scale similar to the scale of wind strength, sea storms, earthquakes, geomagnetic storms, etc.

Purpose. To describe the scales developed for the classification of forest fires according to various parameters characterizing physicochemical processes, environmental consequences and the level of danger from pyrogenic factors.

Methods. System analysis, multifactorial analysis, mathematical modeling.

Results. A seven-magnitude scale for classifying forest fires by intensity, energy characteristics, mass of emissions of the main combustion products and related chemical elements, as well as by environmental consequences and hazard level is proposed. It is substantiated that with moderate and weak winds, the intensity and energy of forest fires in Ukraine usually do not exceed 4-5 magnitudes, i.e., a moderate or high level. Fires of this level occurred, for example, in the spring, summer, and fall of 2020 in a number of regions of Ukraine.

Conclusions. The developed special scales for classifying forest fires according to various parameters are an effective tool for qualitative and quantitative characterization of the intensity of forest fires and their environmental consequences. The obtained results can also be used to assess environmental impacts, material damage and social losses.
Mass spectrometry study of ascorbyl palmitate as an agent for nanosomes formation
Authors: Pashynska V. A. , Kosevich M. V. , Kuzema P. O. , Gomory A. , Drahos L.
Published: December 2023

Background. Study of properties and intermolecular interactions of biologically active compounds which can be used for the purposes of transmembrane drugs delivery is a topical task of modern molecular biophysics. Ascorbyl Palmitate (AP) as a fat-soluble form of vitamin C has recently attracted attention as a promising agent for formation of nanosomes for the “fat insoluble” drug molecules transfer through membranes. However, AP is not sufficiently characterized by up-to-date soft ionization mass spectrometric techniques.

Objectives. The aim of the present work is to characterize AP and its intermolecular interactions by a number of mass spectrometric techniques: Electrospray Ionization (ESI), Laser Desorption/Ionization (LDI) and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI). The comparison of these techniques applicability to the study of AP intermolecular interactions as a drug delivery assisting agent is scheduled.

Methods. ESI mass spectra are obtained with triple quadrupole Micromass Quattro mass spectrometer. LDI and MALDI experiments are performed by Autoflex II mass spectrometer.

Results. In the ESI experiments in the positive ion mode abundant peaks of protonated and cationized AP molecules as well as the peaks of AP clusters nAP•H+ and nAP•Na+ (n=2÷4) are revealed in the mass spectra. This result testifies to the formation of stable noncovalent complexes of the AP molecules in the polar media and confirms the AP ability of formation nanosomes for drug delivery. Analysis of LDI and MALDI mass spectra of AP in positive and negative ion modes shows that in the presence of molecular ions of AP, the peaks of AP dimers or larger AP clusters are not recorded. The ESI probing of the model system containing AP and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) reveals stable AP•DPPC•H+ complex which models the AP intermolecular interactions with the phospholipid components of biomembranes and/or liposomes under AP functioning as a drug delivery assisting agent.

Conclusions. The current study demonstrates the applicability of all tested mass spectrometric techniques for AP identification in solutions and solid phase, while for the purpose of examining of the AP noncovalent complexes formation and study of AP interactions with biomolecules the ESI is defined as the most effective technique.
Análisis del clima marítimo de aguas intermedias y su potencial energético en la zona de influencia de los principales puertos del Caribe colombiano
Authors: Urbano-Latorre Claudia Patricia , Dagua-Paz Claudia J. , Camilo Martínez Andrés Felipe
Published: December 2023

Este trabajo presenta un estudio del clima de oleaje para el mar Caribe colombiano, entre las coordenadas 8° N y 16° N de latitud y 84° W y 70° W de longitud, y su potencial energético en los puntos de aguas intermedias en el área de influencia marítima en los principales puertos del Caribe colombiano, que sirven de insumo a los intereses marítimos del país. Se realizó con base en análisis de simulaciones de propagación de oleaje de un período de 30 años elaborado en el Centro de Investigaciones Oceanográficas e Hidrográficas del Caribe, utilizando el modelo Simulating Wave Nearshore, forzado con los vientos del Reanálisis Regional de América del Norte de 1979 a 2010, y validado con información de boyas direccionales de la Dirección General Marítima y de la Administración Nacional Oceanográfica y Atmosférica en el mar Caribe. Los resultados muestran cuatro regiones del Caribe colombiano con características similares de altura, período y dirección de ola. La primera es la región insular de San Andrés y Providencia; la segunda, una región sur entre Urabá y Cartagena; una tercera es la región central, entre Barranquilla y Santa Marta; la cuarta corresponde a la parte norte, entre Riohacha y Puerto Bolívar. Los valores más altos de altura de ola se observan en Barranquilla y Santa Marta y los más bajos en Urabá. Adicionalmente, se evaluó la capacidad de energía renovable obtenida por medio del oleaje a partir del espectro de energía potencial para boyas virtuales en los principales puertos. Se encontró que la energía se concentra entre 4 s a 6 s de periodo, y entre 0.5 m y 3 m en alturas de ola, para las boyas de Barranquilla, Santa Marta, Puerto Bolívar y Providencia; siendo Barranquilla el sitio de mayor potencial que se encuentra entre 7 s y 4 m, seguida de Santa Marta entre 6 s y 3.8 m. El potencial energético promedio anual presenta valores altos entre diciembre y marzo; medios, entre junio y agosto; valores bajos, en mayo, y entre septiembre y noviembre, correspondientes a las épocas seca y húmeda. Las condiciones del oleaje encontradas superan el umbral necesario para generar energía con un sistema de energía alternativa tipo Wave Energy Converter, con potenciales de rendimiento aceptables que podrían multiplicarse mediante la instalación de parques energéticos.
Effect of fenugreek seed supplementation on fasting and postprandial blood
glucose level in type 2 diabetic subjects
Authors: Khatun A.A. , Saifullah S.B. , Ove T.A. , Noor F. , Akhter M.J. , Tahosin A. , Nila H.I.
Published: December 2023

Diabetes mellitus has a high prevalence, morbidity and mortality globally. Management of
type 2 diabetes is difficult with synthetic drugs as they cause many side effects and have
some limitations. Thus, as an alternative and immense interest in medicinal plants with
indigenous, inexpensive fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) is considered to be a
potent food-based treatment for managing type 2 diabetes. This study was undertaken to
evaluate the blood glucose levels and diabetes status with the consumption of fenugreek
seed powder in type 2 diabetic patients. In a clinical trial study, 49 type 2 diabetic patients
were pooled using randomization and divided into two groups (controlled and exposed
group). The exposed group was placed on 10 g/day of powdered fenugreek seeds soaked
in water for 60 days, while the control group was not placed on any test diet.
Demographic, clinical characteristics, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and postprandial blood
glucose (PBG) were measured before and after the study. No adverse reaction was found
after the treatment resumed and all participants finished the trial. Findings showed that
20.83% of the patients who took the supplementation had reached the non-diabetic state
where zero success rates were observed in the control group. Multivariable linear
regression demonstrated that patients’ blood glucose level was significantly associated
with fenugreek supplementation (p < 0.001) and the type of therapy (p < 0.05) while
adjusted with their demographic variables, physical and medical conditions. When
adjusted for covariates, fasting and postprandial blood glucose in the exposed group was
estimated to be 2.38 mmol/L (95% CI: -3.45, -1.32, p < 0.001) and 4.18 mmol/L (95% CI:
-5.41, -2.95, p < 0.001), which was significantly lower than the control group,
respectively. The lowering of blood glucose level in the exposed group was gradually
distributed over time while significant changes were observed starting from 30 days of
supplementation. It is therefore concluded that fenugreek seed supplementation could be
generalized to mitigate the complications of type 2 DM.
Exploring Aotearoa’s Approach to Digital Identity
Authors:   , Angland Christie
Published: December 2023

This project pertains to the broader issue of data privacy, the regulatory sphere in which agencies are expected to protect people from data misuse risks and concerns. The project narrows in on digital identity as the underpinning to all digital interactions, navigating through Aotearoa’s approach to digital identity for the individuals in the community. The research identifies critical issues under current settings, like a lack of trust and transparency from the entities in control, a lack of understanding and knowledge from the user’s perspective and neither stakeholder meeting the education and engagement needed in developing the digital identity sector. The design explores the concepts through speculative design, service design, and prototyping sensors that have the potential to enhance privacy through verification methods. The output leverages decentralised privacy-enhancing technologies within a speculative service allowing the people of Aotearoa to manage and control their data in a service that enhances the user experience through engaging design and connection. The outputs aim to provide suggestions and recommendations for creating an enhanced digital identity service that is trustworthy, transparent, teaches and brings people and their data together. Overall this research continues the ongoing discussion of innovating an increasingly complex digital landscape.
Professores Conteudistas na Educação Superior a Distância
Authors: Silva Emily Caroline , Nazima Mariana Muniz , Haas Celia Maria , Barbosa Aline Pereira Ramirez , Nunes Grace Fernanda Severino
Published: December 2023

Centrado no contexto da atividade docente na educação superior à distância, este artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa feita com o objetivo de identificar saberes e práticas profissionais que os professores conteudistas mobilizam em seu trabalho de concepção e construção de disciplinas. A partir de uma abordagem qualitativa, realizaram-se entrevistas narrativas (JOVCHELOVITCH, 2002) com três professores universitários que atuam como professores-autores. Os conteúdos temáticos identificados a partir das transcrições das entrevistas foram analisados e relacionados aos saberes docentes (TARDIF, 2002), aos elementos constituintes do trabalho de ensino (MACHADO, 2007) e aos desafios do trabalho coletivo na perspectiva da poli docência (MILL; OLIVEIRA; RIBEIRO, 2010), reconhecidos por esses professores. Os resultados apontam que as concepções de educação, trajetórias profissionais e percursos acadêmicos dos professores se refletem na produção, organização e articulação dos conteúdos disciplinares, contribuindo para a compreensão e caracterização do trabalho de professor conteudista a partir da prática.
Afasia hiztun elebidunetan: ebidentzia zientifikotik praktika klinikora
Authors: Arantzeta Miren , Zubia Felix
Published: December 2023

Sarrera: Ebidentzia zientifikoak erakusten du gizabanakoaren izaera elebiduna ezinbestean hartu behar dela kontuan afasiaren azterketa eta esku-hartzean, besteak beste, a) afasiaren ezaugarri eta larritasuna desberdinak izan daitezkeelako hizkuntza bakoitzean, eta b) hizkuntza bakarrean bideratutako logopedia-tratamenduak hizkuntza ez-tratatuan eragin mugatua duelako eta berau baldintza zehatz batzuetan bakarrik aurkezten delako. Lan honetan afasia duten hiztun elebidunen azterketa eta esku-hartzearen inguruko ebidentzia zientifikoa eta praktika klinikoa alderatu nahi izan ditugu.Material eta metodoak:ESI Donostialdeko Errehabilitazio Zerbitzuko profesionalek afasiadun hiztun elebidunekiko dituzten praktika klinikoen inguruko azterketa kualitatibo bat egin dugu galdetegi baten bidez.Emaitzak:Profesionalek eskainitako informazioaren arabera, afasia elebidunaren azterketa eta tratamendua hizkuntza bakarrean bideratzen da. Tratamenduari dagokion hizkuntzaren aukeraketan jarraitutako irizpideak askotarikoak dira profesionalen artean eta, oro har, ez dute hizkuntzen arteko tratamenduaren balizko transferentzia bermatzen ezta egiaztatzen. Parte hartu duten mediku gehienek uste dute afasiadun hiztun elebidunek jasotzen duten arreta klinikoa elebakarrena baino eskasagoa dela, logopedek ez bezala.Eztabaida eta ondorioak:Errehabilitazio Zerbitzuko profesionalek eskainitako informazioak iradokitzen du afasia eta elebitasunaren inguruan daukagun ebidentzia zientifikoa ez dela oraindik praktika klinikoan behar bezala txertatu. Arreta klinikoa hobetzeko profesionalek azpimarratutako alderdien artean, hizkuntza-gaitasuna lanpostuetara egokitzearen beharra, euskarara egokitutako probak eskuragarri izatea eta ikerketaren beharra nabarmendu ditzakegu.Gaur egun dugun ebidentzia zientifikoarekin, hizkuntza bakarrean bideratutako afasiaren azterketa eta tratamenduak ez dauka inongo justifikazio kliniko ez etikorik. Afasiadun hiztunei zuzendutako arreta klinikoa erabiltzaileak hitz egiten dituen hizkuntza guztietan bermatu behar da, ahalik eta errekuperazio kognitibo eta funtzional altuena bermatzeko, eta esku-hartzearen balizko eragin negatiboak saihesteko.
2-arakidonoilglizerolaren efektua nitxo neurogenikoetan jaiotza inguruko asfixiaren ostean
Authors: Beldarrain Gonzalez Gorane , Pacho Malein , Álvarez Antonia Ángeles , Chillida Marc , Alart Jon Ander , Moro María , Canduela Miren Josune , Hilario Enrique , Alonso Daniel
Published: December 2023

Entzefalopatia hipoxiko-iskemikoak (EHI), sarritan hipoxia-iskemiak (HI) eraginda, jaioberriengan kalte neurologikoa eragin dezake, bai eta heriotza ere. HIak energia-gutxiegitasuna, erreakzio kaltegarrien ur-jauzi metaboliko bat eta zelulen heriotza masiboa eragiten ditu, besteak beste. Hortaz, azken urteetan, zelulen galera hori konpentsatzeko mekanismoak bai eta zelulen heriotza murriztu dezaketen mekanismoak ere asko ikertu dira, hala nola lan honetan aztertutako 2-arakidonoilglizerola (2-AG). Ikerketen arabera, endokannabinoideek hantura, estres oxidatiboak eragindako kaltea eta glutamatoak eragindako eszitotoxikotasuna murriztu dezakete. Hori dela eta, gure lanean efektu horiek ikertu ziren egun ezagutzen diren bi nitxo neurogenikoetan: albo-bentrikuluetako bentrikulu azpiko gunean (Subventricular zone edo SVZ) eta hipokanpoko bihurgune horzduneko pikordun geruza azpiko gunean (Subgranular zone edo SGZ). Dirudienez, zelulen proliferazioa bultzatuz, HIak eragindako kaltea konpentsa liteke. Horretarako, nitxoen zelularitatea eta azalera neurtu genituen HIa pairatu eta gero eta 2-AGaren tratamendua jaso eta gero. Emaitzek erakutsi zuten kaltetutako animalietan hemisferio ipsilateraletako azalera aldatzen zela, SGZan murriztuz eta SVZan emendatuz. Gainera, HIak zelularitatea murriztu zuen SGZan, baina ez SVZan. 2-AGak, hala ere, morfologia eta zelularitatearen berrestea lortu zuen SGZan.
Zelula amen garrantzia gainbehera neurodegeneratiboan, minbizian eta ehunen birsorkuntzan
Authors: Garcia-Gallastegi Patricia , Urrutia Janire , Irastorza Igor , Luzuriaga Jon , Revuelta Miren
Published: December 2023

Minbizia, neurodegenerazioa eta ehun-ingeniaritza, gaur egungo biomedikuntzako gairik jorratuenak dira. Zein baino zein garrantzitsuagoak dira pazientearen ongizatea handitu eta zama ekonomiko eta soziala gutxitzeko. Baina zein da hiru alor horiek elkar ditzakeen puntu amankomuna? Hiru patologien ikerkuntzan jauzi kualitatiboa eragin dezakeen elementua, zelula amen erabilera alegia.Zelula amak desberdindu gabeko zelulak dira, autoberritzeko eta zelula-leinu anitzetarantz desberdintzeko gai direnak. Zelula ama helduak, enbrionarioak ez bezala, gizaki helduen ehunetako nitxo ezberdinetan kokatzen dira eta berritze-tasa txikia dute; izan ere, G0 aldian mantentzen dira eta soilik egoera zehatzetan aktibatu edo desberdintzen dira.Orotara, berrikuspen honek zelula amek egoera desberdinetan izango duten inpaktuaren isla bat izan nahi du. Lan honen helburua izan da zelula ama helduen rol ezberdinak aztertzea, gaixotasun neurodegeneratiboetan, minbizian eta ehun kaltetuen birsorkuntzan duten papera aztertuz eta terapia zelularrean duten garrantzia aipatuz.
Jaiotza inguruko asfixiaren ondoriozko modulazio epigenetikoa
Authors: Beldarrain Gonzalez Gorane , Capdet Nuria , Alart Jon Ander , Chillida Marc , Álvarez Antonia Ángeles , Alonso-Alconada Daniel
Published: December 2023

Jaiotza inguruko asfixia, jaioberrien heriotza eta arazo neurologikoak eragiten dituen arrazoi nagusietarikoa da. Ezagutzen den tratamendu bakarra hipotermia terapeutikoa da eta hori, asfixia-kasuak bizkortasunez identifikatzeko zailtasunarekin batera, erronka handia da eraginkorrak diren neurri neurobabesleak aplikatzeko. Asfixia gertaera hipoxiko-iskemiko batekin hasten da eta odoljarioaren berrezarpenak jarraitzen dio. Egoera horren aurrean fisiopatologia konplexu bat garatzen da, hainbat ezaugarri berezirekin: eszitotoxikotasuna, mitokondrioen disfuntzioa, hantura, apoptosia eta nekrosia, besteak beste. Garunean garatzen den kaltea denborarekiko mendekoa da eta klinika-arloan entzefalopatia hipoxiko-iskemiko izenarekin ezagutzen da. Kalte horren larritasunaren arabera hipotermia terapeutikoa erabiliko da edo ez. Zelulak egoera hipoxikoetara moldatzen dira eraldaketa epigenetikoen bidez. Oro har, geneak isiltzen dira eraldaketa horien ondorioz, baina oxigenoaren erabilgarritasuna eta zelulen metabolismoa moldatzen duten beste zenbait generen espresioa ere areagotu egiten da. Prozesu epigenetiko garrantzitsuenen artean hipoxiak eragindako faktorearekin (HIF-1) lotutako prozesuak, DNAren metilazioa, mikroRNAk eta histonen eraldaketak daude. Nahiz eta eraldaketa epigenetikoen helburua oxigeno-gabeziara moldatzea izan, garunean gertatutako kalteak handitu ditzakete. Hori dela eta, ikerketa-lan batzuk sendagaiak bilatzen ari dira eraldaketa horiek ekiditeko. Berrikuspen honetan jaiotza inguruko asfixiari buruzko informazio aipagarriena bai eta egoera hipoxiko-iskemikoen aurrean gertatzen diren eraldaketa epigenetiko nagusiak deskribatzen dira.
Europar Batasunean merkaturatutako SARS-CoV-2 birusaren aurkako txertoen onura/arrisku orekaren ebaluazioa
Authors: Boujediane Oumayma , Erdozain Amaia Maite , Ortega Jorge Emilio
Published: December 2023

SARS-CoV-2ak eragindako pandemiak osasunean eragina izan du batez ere adineko helduen eta lehendik osasun-arazoak dituztenen artean. Premiaz garatu behar izan dira txerto profilaktikoak COVID-19 deritzon gaixotasunari eusteko. Hori dela eta, COVID-19aren aurkako txertoak aurrekaririk gabeko abiaduran garatu dira. Txerto horien eraginkortasuna eta segurtasuna ahalik eta lasterren ebaluatzea eta konparatzea ezinbesteko bihurtu da, eta hori izan da lan honen helburua. Horretarako, bilaketa bibliografikoa egin da Pubmed, Google Scholar, Europako Medikamentuen Agentziaren (EMA) eta Medikamentuen eta Osasun Produktuen Espainiako Agentziaren (AEMPS) txostenak bezalako iturri eta datu-baseetan 2021eko abendura arte. EMAk onartutako txerto guztien (Comirnaty Bio NTech-Pzifer, COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna, Vaxzevria edo AstraZeneca, eta COVID-19 Vaccine Janssen, alegia) entsegu pibotalak aztertu dira, hau da, agentzia erregulatzaileek erabili dituztenak baimena emateko eta datu teknikoen fitxaren oinarri direnak.