bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technology Update: Research Progresses on Improving Subsea Produced Water Measurement Sensors
Authors: Yang Ming
Published: August 2017

Technology Update

Subsea separation and produced water reinjection (PWRI) or discharge comprise an integral part of the subsea processing strategy that can bring many benefits, including economic, operation-al, and environmental, for the oil and gas industry. The importance of subsea separation and PWRI to economics has been demonstrated through work done by Statoil, which installed the world’s first full-scale subsea separation system at its Tordis field in the North Sea.  

Statoil estimated that the system’s installation would enable the company to achieve an additional total field oil recovery of 6%, which is equivalent to an extra 26 million bbl of oil. At a price of USD 50/bbl, this would lead to more than USD 1 billion of extra revenue.

Continuous Measurement

The most economic means of implementing subsea separation and PWRI or discharge operations is to use continuous online subsea water-quality measurement devices.

The alternative of using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) to extract and deliver produced water samples to the surface for offline analysis has been estimated by the Research Partnership to Secure Energy for America (RPSEA) to cost as much as USD 250,000 per day. It is also time consuming, and the processing conditions could change before the results are obtained.

However, few subsea online continuous monitoring devices exist for measuring produced water quality. But there are moves within the industry to address this problem, given the enabling status that the technology holds for deepwater/ultradeepwater and marginal field development.

A number of joint industry projects (JIPs) and other initiatives have been launched globally and have made progress in developing technical specifications, identifying possible technologies, and assessing the performance of potential sensors under laboratory and field (at surface) conditions.

Technical Specifications

The most obvious consideration is that subsea separation and PWRI or discharge require online monitors to operate reliably and accurately at a water depth of up to 9,850 ft, which brings the additional challenge of operation at high temperatures and pressures.

Depending upon the type of operations, there are also differences in the technical requirements. For subsea discharges, the focus will be on the measurement of oil-in-water, while for reinjection, the emphasis will be on the measurement of solids and oil for concentration and particle size.
Need a Faster Measure of Relative Permeability? Take a CT Scan and Follow With Digital Rock Analysis
Authors: Rassenfoss Stephen
Published: August 2017

BP is working to push digital rock testing into the mainstream of conventional development.

The latest step in its decade-long journey was a deal with Exa, a software firm that partnered with BP to develop a program modeling two-phase flow in conventional reservoirs based on data from virtual 3D images of small samples of reservoir rock.

Compared with methods used by traditional core labs, this approach significantly reduces the time and cost required, and offers the processing software in a form that could help broaden the use of this disruptive technology.

These tools and methods will be used by BP’s technology center to generate reservoir rock property data that will be used by BP’s asset managers to consider how to better manage a wide range of conventional reservoirs, said Joanne Fredrich, upstream technology senior advisor at BP.

The system measures relative permeability—in this case the degree that flow rates are reduced when oil and water are mixed—using a 3D digital image based on scans of small rock samples by a micro CT, known in the medical field as computed tomography. CT machines are used for medical scanning and are able to image extremely fine details.

Relative permeability has been notably lacking from BP’s long list of conventional reservoir tests using digital rock analysis, which range from measures of reservoir porosity to electrical resistance. Absolute permeability has been available, but that measure of single-phase flow is not a good representation of reservoir reality.

“We have so little relative permeability data. We see this as a potential game changer for subsurface modeling that more accurately characterizes reservoirs,” Fredrich said.

Measures of relative permeability have long been done in core labs. Digital analysis can reduce the time required to get back relative permeability results from a year or more to a couple of weeks or less, and the software can be scaled up to allow BP to speed work by running simulations on thousands of processors at its supercomputing center, she said.

The software deal with Exa allows BP to use the software it helped develop with the maker of fluid flow simulations, and for Exa to market it to other users.

“We are the first company to bring an accepted, credible technology to market” to simulate multiphase flow and predict relative permeability using this sort of data, said David Freed, vice president of oil and gas for Exa.
Technology Focus: Health, Safety, Security, Environment, and Social Responsibility
Authors: Knode Tom
Published: August 2017

Technology Focus

According to Investopedia, in 2015, the oil and gas industry accounted for between 4.6 and 6.5% of the global economy. In a recent discussion I had with a friend, we spoke about the effect this industry has on the lives of so many people. Many of the effects are positive, and, as we see in the current discussions of climate change, some are potentially negative. As Janeen Judah, 2017 SPE president, stated in her April 2017 JPT column, we have the power to build sustainable communities and improve the lives of people where we operate. Our innovation across all aspects of health, safety, security, environment, and social responsibility not only helps our industry reduce the chances, or consequences, of unplanned events but also may help develop the capacity of a country or village to take care of its own citizens. 

Some of these recent improvements can be seen in the papers that follow, from understanding well control and human factors better to using robotics to remove people from hazardous environments. We also see increasing interest in effects on the environment from our activities in the form of publicly funded studies on the potential for groundwater contamination. At the 2017 SPE Health, Safety, Security, Environment, and Social Responsibility Conference—North America, held in April in New Orleans, we held a series of plenary discussions on the science of the human brain, on social interactions, and on how to apply this knowledge to improve our performance. Our industry is conducting some amazing research and development, and the tools and processes we develop will help us, and the world, to better develop and use the natural resources we need now and in the future.

Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.

SPE 181109 Monitoring of Nontechnical Barriers by S. Næss, Statoil, et al.

SPE 183117 iRisk: A New Practical Guide to Cross-Functional Risk Leadership in Oil and Gas Megaprojects by Zarina Kenzhetayeva, Maersk Oil Kazakhstan, et al.

SPE 183595 Whole Systems Analysis of a High-Reliability Organization by C.O. Chukwunta, Imperial College London

SPE 185188 Developing Regulations Concerning Dispersant Use—A Recommended Good-Practice Approach by T.S. Coolbaugh, ExxonMobil, et al.

IPTC 18827 The Survey for Prevention of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Workers Performing Manual Material-Handling Work by A. Thongpradit, PTT Exploration and Production, et al.

SPE 180365 Dynamic Considerations for Induced Seismicity by Robert L. Walker, University of Southern California, et al.

OTC 27750 Use of a Cybersecurity Laboratory in Support of the Virtual-Vessel Concept To Increase Safety Onboard Marine and Offshore Assets by Naveen Selvam, ABS, et al.
Diferencias por sexo y variables asociadas con las agresiones sexuales en el noviazgo en universitarios Colombianos
Authors: Rey Anacona César Armando
Published: August 2017

Se requiere más investigación sobre los posibles factores de riesgo de la violencia sexual en el noviazgo. Se comparó la prevalencia por sexo de seis agresiones sexuales entre 902 varones y mujeres colombianos solteros y sin hijos, y se comparó a los participantes que reportaron al menos una agresión sexual con los que no, en las siguientes variables: duración de la relación, edad, comunicación de pareja, rasgos de agresividad/dominación/intransigencia, observación de violencia marital y aceptación de la violencia en el matrimonio. Un porcentaje significativamente mayor de varones reportó haber ejercido cuatro de estas seis conductas, comparados con las mujeres. Los participantes que informaron al menos una agresión sexual tenían un rango promedio de edades significativamente mayor y presentaron puntuaciones más altas en rasgos de agresividad/dominación/intransigencia y más bajas en comunicación de pareja, reportaron más agresiones entre sus padres y un porcentaje significativamentemayor estuvo de acuerdo con 26 de 28 frases referentes al uso de la violencia en el matrimonio. No hubo diferencias con respecto a la duración de la relación. Se destaca la necesidad de considerar estas variables en la prevención primaria y secundaria de este tipo de violencia.
Cuestionario de efectividad de la psicoterapia Outcome Questionnaire. Validación en muestra clínica colombiana
Authors: Helena Londoño Nora , Agudelo Diana , Martínez Efrén , Anguila Deissy , Aguirre Daniel , Mogollón Carlos
Published: August 2017

Establecer las propiedades estructurales y psicométricas del OQ-45.2 e identificar la sensibilidad al cambio y diferencias según género. Método: se realizó en población clínica, participaron 214 consultantes (111 hombres y 103 mujeres), Instrumento: Outcome Questionnaire (OQ-45.2). Resultados: El AFC mostró índices de bondad de ajuste bajos y valor de RMSEA de 0.071. Se recomendó realizar el AFE, y esta estructura incluyó 20 ítems y explicó el 58,8 % de la varianza total: preocupación, problemas del desempeño del rol social, insatisfacción global, alcohol/drogas, dificultades en las relaciones e insatisfacción en las relaciones afectivas. Para la escala original, los coeficientes se encontraron entre 0.52 y 0.92; no se presentaron diferencias según género en ninguno de los factores pero sí sensibilidad al cambio en la terapia en todas las dimensiones. Para la estructura encontrada a través del AFE con 20 ítems, los coeficientes se encontraron entre 0.47 y 0.75. Los índices de ajustes para esta nueva estructura fueron muy favorables (CFI=0,920, TLI=0,902 y NFI=0,790) y valor de RMSEA de 0.046. Se reportaron diferencias con relación al género en las dimensiones Insatisfacción global (más elevadas en mujeres) y Alcohol/droga (puntuaciones más elevadas en hombre). La prueba reportó sensibilidad al cambio en la escala original en Estrés, Desempeño y Relaciones interpersonales negativas, y en la escala abreviada en Preocupación, Problemas del rol social e Insatisfacción en las relaciones afectivas. Conclusiones: el OQ 45.2 no presentó una estructura adecuada a través del AFC. El AFE reportó 6 factores y 20 ítems, adecuados índices de ajustes, pero no todos los factores con buen nivel de confiabilidad.
Use of ceramic pot filter (CPF) technology under pressure in an in-line pumping system
Authors: Gardner Travis D. , Guggenberger Joe D.
Published: August 2017

Ceramic pot filters (CPFs) are an effective point of use water treatment device in developing nations due to their low cost and effectiveness. CPFs are gravity fed, typically making water production a major limiting factor to a CPF's lifetime and acceptability. Directly connecting CPFs to in-line pumping systems or systems with an elevated storage tank would allow filter usage for constant water treatment at increased pressures, increasing the quantity of treated water. Ceramic disks were manufactured for testing in a specially designed housing apparatus. Filters of varying thicknesses and clay to sawdust mass ratios were manufactured to fit tightly. Flowrate and microbiological removal efficacy (logarithmic reduction value (LRV)) were determined over the testing period at various pressures. Flowrate values ranged from 2.44 to 9.04 L per hour, significantly higher than traditional CPF technology. LRVs ranged from 1.1 to 2.0, lower than traditional CPF technology but still effective at removing most Escherichia coli and total coliform bacteria. Filters proved effective at removing total and fecal coliforms at pressures less than 70 kilopascals. The optimum filter had a thickness of 3.2 cm and clay to sawdust ratio of 6:1 by mass. Filters proved to be ineffective if flowrates were above 5 L/h.
A soil column study to evaluate treatment of trace elements from saline industrial wastewater
Authors: Paredez Jose M. , Mladenov Natalie , Galkaduwa Madhubhashini B. , Hettiarachchi Ganga M. , Kluitenberg Gerard J. , Hutchinson Stacy L.
Published: August 2017

Industrial wastewater from the flue gas desulfurization (FGD) process is characterized by the presence of trace elements of concern, such as selenium (Se) and boron (B) and relatively high salinity. To simulate treatment that FGD wastewater undergoes during transport through soils in subsurface treatment systems, a column study (140-d duration) was conducted with native Kansas soil and saline FGD wastewater, containing high Se and B concentrations (170 μg/L Se and 5.3 mg/L B) and negligible arsenic (As) concentration (∼1.2 μg/L As). Se, B, and As, and dissolved organic carbon concentrations and organic matter spectroscopic properties were measured in the influent and outflow. Influent Se concentrations were reduced by only ∼half in all treatments, and results suggest that Se sorption was inhibited by high salinity of the FGD wastewater. By contrast, relative concentrations (C/Co) of B in the outflow were typically <10%, suggesting that B sequestration may have been enhanced by higher salinity. Unexpected elevated As concentrations in the outflow (at >150 μg/L in the treatment with labile organic carbon addition) suggest that soils not previously known to be geogenic arsenic sources have the potential to release As to groundwater in the presence of high salinity wastewater and under reducing conditions.
Notas biográficas y pedagógicas sobre el padre Feijoo
Authors: Pérez Valentín Martínez-Otero
Published: August 2017

El benedictino español Benito Feijoo (1676-1764) fue uno de los intelectuales más destacados del siglo XVIII. Sus aportaciones al mundo del pensamiento y la cultura abarcan un buen número de ensayos sobre los saberes eruditos y populares de la época. En lo que se refiere al gran alcance pedagógico de Feijoo, se advierte a un tiempo en su condición de profesor universitario, en su compromiso crítico y empírico con la eliminación de errores y en su actitud crítica y empirista, que le lleva a poner en entredicho obsoletos métodos de enseñanza. La obra del benedictino, aunque es ensayística y carece de sistematización, tiene una finalidad educativa. Este artículo, tras repasar algunos datos biográficos, se centra en algunas de sus contribuciones pedagógicas más destacadas, como el cultivo del entendimiento y la defensa de las mujeres. En definitiva, Feijoo es un iniciador, un educador de gran relevancia histórica que, en el marco de su elevada misión pedagógica, logró agitar las conciencias. Por ello, su excelsa figura continúa brillando y se sigue estudiando en este siglo XXI.
A educação no diário de uma imigrante britânica e em outros escritos na província do Paraná
Authors: Gillies Ana Maria Rufino
Published: August 2017

Este artigo discute a experiência de uma imigrante britânica que viveu na Província do Paraná entre os anos de 1868 e 1888, onde atuou como professora a partir de 1874. Para acompanhar sua trajetória, foram consultados relatórios administrativos e correspondências escritos por membros dos governos imperial e provincial, relativamente à colônia do Assungui, para onde ela, o marido, os filhos e outros imigrantes foram enviados em 1868; periódicos da província; memórias escritas por seu neto Albert; cartas escritas por ela e pelo marido e um diário mantido por ela entre os anos de 1880 e 1882. Desse conjunto documental, problematizamos a educação em face de uma escrita autobiográfica, assim como as condições enfrentadas para ensinar na colônia: a falta de livros e de locais adequados, a dificuldade para receber do governo as suas ‘gratificações’; os requisitos para ensinar na capital, a inconstância do alunato particular, o debate acercado que ensinar para as mulheres no Brasil e na Inglaterra; as seleções de leituras para educar-se e a educação dos filhos.
Sarcopenia, Aging and Prospective Interventional Strategies
Authors: Waltz Tyler B. , Fivenson Elayne M. , Morevati Marya , Li Chuanhao , Becker Kevin G. , Bohr Vilhelm A. , Fang Evandro F.
Published: August 2017

Sarcopenia, or age-related muscle decline, occurs in most organisms and burdens both human health and the healthcare system. As our population ages, additional options for treating sarcopenia are needed. Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in the onset of sarcopenia, so therapies directed at improving mitochondrial function in muscle should be considered. Many naturally-occurring compounds, derived from commonly consumed foods, possess anti-sarcopenic effects, such asnicotinamide riboside, tomatidine, and Urolithin A. These naturally-occurring compounds can improve mitochondrial health and efficiency by modulating mitochondrial biogenesis, cellular stress resistance, or mitophagy. Further research should assess whether compounds that improve mitochondrial health can attenuate sarcopenia in humans.
Effects of Plasma Activated Medium on Head and Neck FaDu Cancerous Cells: Comparison of 3D and 2D Response
Authors: Chauvin Julie , Judee Florian , Merbahi Nofel , Vicendo Patricia
Published: August 2017

Objective: The aim of this work is to investigate the inhibitory effect of Plasma Activated Medium
(PAM) on Head and Neck cancerous cells (FaDu). The response of FaDu cells in monolayer cultures and Multi
Cellular Tumor Spheroids (MCTS) after treatment with different PAMs will be compared.

Background:

Head and Neck squamous cell carcinoma is a widespread cancer that responds poorly to anticancer
treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Nowadays there is a growing interest in cold plasmas
and their applications in cancer therapy.

Methods:

A homemade helium plasma jet is used to produce PAM. The effects of PAM and hydrogen peroxide
H2O2 on FaDu 2D cells cultures and MCTS were characterized by evaluating the cell viability with PrestoBlue
test and by measuring the size of MCTS.

Results:

One treatment with PAM induce cell detachment from MCTS since the first day in a PAM exposure
dependent manner. This is due to the presence of H2O2 in PAM. However, a rapid spheroids regrowth is observed
attributed to a resistance of FaDu cells to H2O2. After multiple treatments of MCTS with PAM we obtained
an inhibition of cell growth. MCTS are brought out when comparing PAM effect on 2D versus MCTS.
Inversely, PAM induces cell death in the case of 2D cell culture.

Conclusion:

PAM may be considered as a potentially efficient agent in the therapy of head and neck cancer.
We also point out that MCTS is a more valuable model than 2D cell culture for the evaluation of the anti-cancer
activity of PAM.
Light Transmitting Lightweight Concrete with Transparent Plastic Bar
Authors: Kim Byoungil
Published: August 2017

Introduction:

The ENV model proposed by TRIZ secured light transmission by replacing the existing costly transparent optical fibers with low-cost transparent materials with improved constructability, and improved the production method by changing the existing labor-intensive method of laying thousands or tens of thousands of optical fibers into a labor-saving system capable of mass production, which involves the use of a large external multi-porous mold.

Results and Conclusion:

The application of plastic based bar against optical fiber showed that the light transmitting ability was almost equal as well as the convenience of making light transmitting concrete. Additionally, the difficulties coming from heavy weight of trial product for material preparation, transportation, and processing process were tried to solve by applying lightweight aggregate and light foaming agent while maintaining minimum compressive strength.
Ant Colony Optimization on Crowdsourced Delivery Trip Consolidation
Authors: Paskalathis Victor , SN Azhari
Published: August 2017

Common practice in crowdsourced delivery services is through direct delivery. That  is by dispatching direct trip to a driver nearby the origin location. The total distance can be reduced through multiple pickup and delivery by increasing the number of requests in a trip.The research implements exact algorithm to solve the consolidation problem with up to 3 requests in a trip. Greedy heuristic is performed to construct initial route based on highest savings. The result is then optimized using Ant Colony Optimization (ACO). Four scenarios are compared. A direct delivery scenarios and three multiple pickup and delivery scenarios. These include 2-consolidated delivery, 3-consolidated delivery, and 3-consolidated delivery optimized with ACO. Four parameters are used to evaluate using Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP). These include the number of trips, total distance, total duration, and security concerns.The case study is based on Yogyakarta area for a whole day. The final route optimized with ACO shows 178 requests can be completed in 94 trips. Compared to direct delivery, consolidation can provides savings up to 20% in distance and 14% in duration. The evaluation result using AHP shows that ACO scenario is the best scenario.
Sistem Penjadwalan Pertandingan Pencak Silat Berbasis Algoritma Genetika
Authors: Wardana Ari Kusuma , Hartati Sri
Published: August 2017

Genetic Algorithm is one of famous algorithm and often used in many sector. Usually genetic algoritm is used in solution searching about complex problems. Pencak silat macth scheduling is a complex scheduling and needs a lot of time to made it. Objective this research implements a genetic algorithm as an algorithm which can solve the problem of pencak silat  macth scheduling and can satisfy all of hard constraint and minimize soft constraint. In this research genetic algorithm roles as algorithm which solves pencak silat mach scheduling problems in Pimda 02 Tak Suci Bantul. Population which produced by genetic algorithm represents solution alternatives which offered. Best chromosome in a population represents macth scheduling solution. This solution is sequence of match partai based on rules of pencak silat match scheduling. This research produces best fitness value ever in each generation is 1. More and more chromosom number and more and more generation number will make batter solution and batter fitness value. This research is expected helping pencak silat match committes make a pencak silat schedule in pencak silat championship.
Keanekaragaman Jenis Ikan di Sepanjang Sungai Boyong – Code Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Trijoko Tri , Yudha Donan Satria , Eprilurahman Rury , Pambudi Setiawan Silva
Published: August 2017

The diversity of freshwater fishes which inhabit in the river of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta is not yet well documented. Complete documentation is needed as starting point and continuous research on the fish diversity in DIY. Boyong-Code River flows across the DIY, and it upstream is located on the hillside of Merapi volcano. The Code River upstream is called Boyong River. The research was aimed to acquire data about the diversity of fish fauna along the Boyong-Code River in the DIY. Further, the research purpose is to know which species are rare, potential for aquaculture, and introductive. Samples are taken along the Boyong-Code River starting from upstream to downstream. Samples were collected using Purposive Random Sampling methods with fishnets. Sampling area generally divided into three location i.e., upstream, middle-stream and downstream. Species diversity of fish in the Boyong-Code River is consisted of 24 species, with 5 introductive species. There are eleven native fish species which are potential for cultivation (aquaculture), i.e.: Barbodes binotatus, Mystacoleucus obtusirostris, Rasbora lateristriata, Rasbora argyrotaenia, Barbonymus balleroides, Osteochilus vittatus, Hampala macrolepidota, Anabas testudineus, Channa striata, Clarias leiacanthus and Clarias batrachus. The Boyong-Code River is a decent habitat for fishes. Many introduced fishes starting to invade the Boyong-Code River intentionally or unintentionally by human
Micropropagation of Mini Orchid Hybrid Phalaenopsis “Sogo Vivien”
Authors: Mursyanti Exsyupransia , Purwantoro Aziz , Moeljopawiro Sukarti , Semiarti Endang
Published: August 2017

Phalaenopsis “Sogo Vivien” is an orchid hybrid with mini size plant body, and exhibits numerous beautiful pink flowers, that is ideal as ornamental pot plant. Some plants of this orchid exhibit variegated leaves that improve the beauty of the plant, not only because of the flower but also as attracted leaves. This orchid has high economical value, but mass propagation of this orchid has not established yet. An effective method to propagate both the normal and variegated plants is worth to be generated. The objective of this research was to produce a large number of P. “Sogo Vivien” plants, including the variegated plants. The method used seeds from self pollinating variegated plant, and flower stalk nodes. The seeds were sown on three various medium: VW, NP and MS, and flower stalk nodes were planted on VW + BA 10 mg l-1 + active carbon. The results showed that the best medium for in vitro culture of P. “Sogo Vivien” was NP medium, in which all seeds could grew into plantlets. Most plantlets emerged from the seeds were non variegated, only one plantlet out of 1344 seeds was variegated (0.007%). Although all emerged plantlets from flower stalk exhibited variegated leaves. Particularly, the plantlets arised from the second and third basal nodes of flower stalk showed the highest growth rate than that from the other nodes. Histological analysis showed that at 11-13 days after shoot segment plantation on NP medium, the shape of apical cells in the nodes was changed, then followed by the change of cell shape in the basal part of the nodes, produced bipolar pattern, then gradually developed into shoot. These results suggest that mass propagation could be achieved using seed culture, but to get the variegated phenotypes, the second and third nodes of flower stalk from variegated plant were the best explants to be used.
Biomass Production of Root and Shoot of Talinum paniculatum Gaertn. by Liquid and Solid Ms Medium with Plant Growth Hormone IBA
Authors: Solim Muhammad Hamzah , Manuhara Y. S. Wulan
Published: August 2017

Talinum paniculatum Gaertn. is one of traditional medicinal plant in Indonesia which has benefits such as for vitality and maintain blood circulation. The aim of this research is to obtain biomass production of root and shoot of T. paniculatum Gaertn. by liquid and solid MS medium with IBA. This research conducted to provide biomass as raw material for secondary metabolites test. Stems as explant were induced with four treatments (liquid MS, solid MS, liquid MS + 2 ppm IBA and solid MS + 2 ppm IBA) with five repetitions. Observation did for 28 days. The parameters are the percentage of explants which formed the root and shoot, morphology, fresh and dry biomass. Result shows that percentage of root and shoot have 100% in liquid and solid MS + 2 ppm IBA. Fresh and dry biomass of root and shoot in solid MS + 2 ppm IBA higher than the others. This research found callus in liquid and solid MS + 2 ppm IBA. Morphology of root in liquid MS has thin and friable, but thick in solid MS. Shoot in solid and liquid MS has thin, short and sturdy.
Power in the Tradition of Kain Timur Exchange: A Study of Using Tradition to Get Support in the Local Election in South Sorong 2010
Authors: Haryanto Haryanto
Published: August 2017

The tradition of kain timur requires the receiver party to reimburse the value of a gift. This exchange tradition has the potential to become an instrument to gain support in local elections. The ability of the candidates in making use of this resource becomes the key to success in applying the exchange of kain timur tradition as an instrument to gain power. This can be seen in South Sorong, in which a candidate could successfully become the winner in local election in 2010 by using the exchange of kain timur tradition.
HYPOTENSIVE ACTIVITY OF THYMOQUINONE IN NORMOTENSIVE RATS AND ITS RECEPTOR MECHANISMS
Authors: Azzubaidi Marwan Saad , Mizher Hussam , Alattraqchi Ahmed Ghazi
Published: August 2017

Objective: The objectives of the current study were to confirm the blood pressure lowering effect of thymoquinone (TQ) and to investigate its mechanism through muscarinic and β-adrenergic receptors.Methods: Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was recorded using the non-invasive blood pressure tail-cuff technique. A dose-response relationship was obtained after using 3 TQ doses (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg) intraperitoneally to 3 different groups (n =5) of adult rats under pentobarbital anesthesia. MAP was then measured for another 2 animal groups pretreated either with atropine (P-at) or propranolol (P-pro) followed by 10 mg/kg TQ.Results: TQ produced a significant dose-dependent blood pressure and heart rate lowering effect. TQ-induced MAP reduction was significantly less pronounced in P-at (12±2.8 mmHg) than non-pretreated group (29±3.2 mmHg) with P<0.01. Conversely, TQ-induced MAP reduction in P-pro (28±3.4 mmHg) did not demonstrate a significant difference from the non-pretreated group (29±3.2 mmHg) with P>0.05.Conclusion: This study confirms the dose-related hypotensive effect of TQ and provides an evidence for the traditional use of Nigella sativa for the treatment of hypertension. The mechanism of TQ-induced hypotension involves at least in part activation of vascular muscarinic receptors, but not β-adrenergic receptors.
EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF TINOSPORA CRISPA L FROM INDONESIA IN ALLOXAN INDUCED LIVER DAMAGE
Authors: . Emsutrisna , Sahadewa Fahrizal Aria , Ardiansyah Ikbar
Published: August 2017

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of Tinospora crispa L. (Bratawali).Methods: Twenty four male rats wistar strain were divided into four groups. The serum alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) of rats were measured (day 0). Rats then were injected by alloxan monohydrate at doses of 120 mg/200 bw (g) intraperitoneally. Four days later, the serum ALT and AST of rats were measured (second measurement/day 4) and then were treated by extract appropriate their groups. Group 1 was treated by 2 ml of distilled water orally; group 2,3 and 4 were treated by 70% ethanolic extract of T. crispa L. (EETC) at dose of 100; 200 and 400 mg/200 bw (g)/day respectively orally. After 10 d treatment, serum ALT and AST were measured (third measurement/day 14). At the end of this treatment, all rats were killed for histopathologic examination of their liver. The histopathologic examination was performed to assess the number of pyknotic nuclei, karyorrhexis nuclei and karyolysis nuclei.Results: The result of this study showed that the ethanolic extract of T. crispa L at dose of 100 and 200 mg/200gbw can reduce blood ALT and AST significantly (P<0.05). From the histopathological examination, it was found that the number of pyknotic nuclei, karyorrhexis nuclei and karyolysis nuclei of EETC at doses of 100 and 200 mg/200 body weight (g) lower than negative control.Conclusion: The present study shows that the 70% EETC at dose of 100 and 200 mg/200 body weight (g) has hepatoprotective effect against alloxan induced liver damage.
PREVALENCE OF HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS TYPES 16 AND 18 AMONG WOMEN WITH CERVICAL CANCER IN ALEPPO, SYRIA
Authors: Dandal Ayman , Abajy Mohammad Yaser , Alkhalaf Moustafa , Ibrahim Ali
Published: August 2017

Objective: Cervical cancer is the second common type of cancer among women worldwide. Infection by certain types of human papillomavirus infection (HPV) such as HPV 16/18 has been considered as the most significant risk factor for the development of cervical cancer. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence HPV 16/18 in women with and without cervical cancer in Aleppo city, Syria.Methods: Paraffin embedded cervical tissue samples were collected from 113 patients and 40 controls (normal cervix), DNA was extracted and analyzed by PCR for the presence of HPV16/18. Out of 113 cases of cervical carcinoma, 25 cases (22.1%) were carcinoma in situ (CIS), 72 cases (63.7%) were squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and 16 cases (14.2%) were adenocarcinoma (ADC).Results: HPV 16 and/or 18 DNA was detected in 84 (74.3%) cases out of 113 of cervical cancers, while it was found in only two of the 40 samples in the control group. At the same time, 9 out of 25 (36%) carcinoma in situ, 61 out of 72(84.72%) squamous cell carcinomas, and 14 out of 16 (87.5%) adenocarcinomas, were positive for HPV 16 and/or 18.Conclusion: The frequency of infection with HPV 16 and 18 is high among Syrian women and a vaccine against these two types may be effective in about 74% of cervical cancers in Syria.
IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITIES AND ANTIDIABETIC PROPERTIES OF PLUCHEA LEAVES AND GREEN TEA MIXTURES AT VARIOUS PROPORTIONS
Authors: Widyawati Paini Sri , Werdani Yesiana D. W. , Setiokusumo Christine
Published: August 2017

Objective: This study was done to determine the effect of pluchea leaves and green tea mixtures at various proportions to antioxidant and antidiabetic properties.Methods: The research used a single factor randomized block design. Research factors were pluchea and green tea mixture proportions, including 100:0; 75:25; 50:50; 25:75; and 0:100% (w/w), respectively. Each of factors was repeated five times. The parameters observed in this study were phytochemical compounds, total phenols, total flavonoids, free radical DPPH scavenging activity, iron ion reducing power, alpha amylase and alpha glycosidase inhibition activities. The data were statistically α = 5%, if the data analysis showed a significant analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at effect then it was continued with duncan's multiple range test (DMRT).Results: The phytochemical compounds containing in pluchea leaves and green tea mixtures were alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, tannins, triterpenoids, sterols, and cardiac glycosides. The qualitative assay of phytochemical compounds from aqueous extract had a different pattern with total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC), especially at 75:25; 50:50 and 25:75 % (w/w) from pluchea leaves and green tea mixture proportions. The 50:50% (w/w) proportions of samples had the highest TPC and TFC, it was proposed that there was an interaction between bioactive compounds of pluchea leaves and green tea. TPC and TFC were correlated with free radical DPPH scavenging activity, iron reducing power and alpha glycosidase inhibition activity, but the alpha amylase inhibition activity had the different graph pattern with the TPC and TFC.Conclusion: The antioxidant capacity of pluchea leaves and green tea mixtures at various proportions had the graph pattern similar to the alpha glycosidase inhibitory activity and different with the alpha amylase inhibitory activity.
Financiamento da educação e as políticas gerenciais de ajuste fiscal: o Fundef/Fundeb em debate
Authors: Oliveira Gilson De Sousa , Xavier Antônio Roberto , Machado Charliton José dos Santos , Vasconcelos José Gerardo
Published: August 2017

Esta escrita tem como escopo principal analisar o advento da política de fundos públicos para a Educação, ressaltando, de modo especial, os avanços do Fundo de Manutenção e Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica e de Valorização dos Profissionais da Educação, considerado como a principal fonte de receitas destinadas ao financiamento da Educação Básica estatal na atualidade. Este artigo é de cunho teórico, fundamentado em revisão de literatura, e documental, com abordagem qualitativa. Traz ao debate, de forma crítica, alguns aspectos da atual política de financiamento da Educação pública e seus rebatimentos na realidade escolar das diferentes esferas de governo (federal, estadual e municipal). A partir da análise de obras e legislação pertinentes ao tema em questão, conclui-se que o referido Fundo, apesar de alguns importantes avanços em relação à situação anterior, delonga a lógica do Fundo precedente e não supera algumas das suas principais limitações.
“Não obedeceu, pode punir”: castigos escolares no ensino público primário catarinense (1910-1940)
Authors: Schüeroff Dilce , Silva Vera Lucia Gaspar da
Published: August 2017

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar formas de castigos escolares que se fizeram presentes em escolas do ensino público primário catarinense no período de 1910 a 1940. Para compreender o uso de castigos, recorremos a Michel Foucault (1987), particularmente à obra Vigiar e Punir: nascimento da prisão. Como fontes foram consultados o Regimento Interno para Grupos Escolares de 1914, um livro de Honra do Grupo Escolar Lauro Muller e um livro de Penas do Grupo Escolar Professor Venceslau Bueno. Também foram consultadas entrevistas realizadas na década de 1990 com professores e professoras aposentados, as quais integram o acervo de história oral do Museu da Escola Catarinense. Atualmente nenhuma forma de castigo é permitida nas escolas, as quais se utilizam de outros meios de controle disciplinar, inseridos em um mundo complexo de relações que adquiriram, com o tempo, valores diferentes daqueles do período em estudo neste trabalho.
LITERATURA INFANTIL E ORALIDADE: Alguns caminhos.
Authors: Viella Maria Dos Anjos Lopes , Priori Sonia Maria
Published: August 2017

LITERATURA INFANTIL E ORALIDADE: Alguns caminhos.
Políticas de desarrollo turístico en dos zonas costeras del pacífico mexicano
Authors: Bringas Rábago Nora L.
Published: August 2017

Este documento se propone mostrar cómo las políticas de desarrollo del gobierno mexicano han coadyuvado a impulsar regiones costeras, cuya base económica descansa en la actividad turística. En este contexto, se presenta el patrón de desarrollo que ha tomado la urbanización en dos importantes destinos turísticos del país: Acapulco y el Corredor Costero Tijuana-Ensenada. Es interés de este trabajo llamar la atención sobre el peligro que encierra para el futuro de un centro turístico, el que no exista una planeación o visión global que permita corregir las desviaciones del modelo implantado y retomar las experiencias de otros destinos para evitar enfrentar así, los costos tan altos que trae consigo el declive de un centro turístico.
Región e integración fronteriza México-Estados Unidos
Authors: Vázquez Ruiz Miguel Ángel
Published: August 2017

El proceso de globalización de los procesos económicos, a primera vista sugiere un mundo de dimensiones homogéneas, muy interrelacionado entre sí y con igualdad de oportunidades de desarrollo para todos los países. Pero la realidad se desenvuelve en otra lógica: la globalización impulsa dinámicas muy segmentadas, donde el mundo vive las paradojas de la conformación de bloques regionales entre países y de regiones diferenciadas al interior de estos. En este sentido, uno de los espacios donde en la actualidad, por una razón u otra, se dan relaciones peculiares, son las fronterizas. Hay países donde los vínculos fronterizos se expresan como conflictos étnicos y religiosos; en cambio en otros, las conexiones más importantes son de índole económica y demográfica. Este es el caso de la frontera entre México y Estados Unidos, espacio donde se reproduce una de las relaciones binacionales más intensas entre países. En el presente artículo, se pretende avanzar en hacer una relectura de la frontera norte de México y sur de Estados Unidos, considerándola una región integrada por dos subregiones: la estadounidense y la mexicana. Para ello, se pasa revista a los más importantes enfoques teóricos para entender esa realidad, y se propone su revisión a la luz de las constantes modificaciones en ésta, que conducen a agotamientos muy rápidos en los "paradigmas" de análisis que cada autor del tema utiliza. Este planteamiento se documenta con la aportación de elementos cuantitativos y cualitativos acerca de las partes que configuran la región y, particularmente, se destacan las distintas modalidades de corredores económicos como medios de vinculación entre las "subregiones". Se plantea también reflexionar acerca de aspectos poco estudiados en estas últimas, como sería el perfil de los actores empresariales, básico para entender sus niveles de competitividad en la globalización a partir de una plataforma regional.
Del territorio a la empresa: conocimientos productivos entre los ingenieros del norte de México
Authors: Hualde Alfaro Alfredo
Published: August 2017

Resumen:El crecimiento del empleo industrial con el aumento de la inversión extranjera ha producido un incremento de los mercados profesionales de ingenieros en las ciudades del norte de México. En los casos a los que el artículo se refiere, dicho crecimiento es mucho más importante en Tijuana que en Hermosillo. En una época de valoración creciente del conocimiento, la pericia y las competencias para el desarrollo local y regional, es necesario preguntarse por la naturaleza de dichos conocimientos, la forma de transmisión de los mismos y los actores e instituciones que intervienen en la producción y reproducción de los conocimientos productivos. El artículo toma el caso de las maquiladoras de Tijuana y de la empresa Ford de Hermosillo con el objetivo de reflexionar acerca de la forma en que dichos conocimientos constituyen (o no) nexos de articulación entre las empresas y el territorio.Palabras clave: inversión extranjera, empleo industrial, desarrollo, cambio tecnológico, recursos humanos, creación de conocimientos.Abstract:The growth in industrial employment as a result of a rise in foreign investment has caused an increase in the engineer occupational markets in towns in northern Mexico. In the instances this article refers to this growth is much more important in Tijuana than in Hermosillo. In this age of increasing appreciation of knowledge, know-how, and local and regional development competences, we must ask about the nature of such knowledge, the way it is transmitted, and actors and institutions participating in the production and reproduction of useful knowledge. The article studies the Tijuana maquiladora plants and Ford Company in Hermosillo cases with the aim of reflecting on the way this knowledge establishes (or not) links between companies and the country where they are working.Palabras clave: foreign investment, industrial employment, development, technological change, human resources, knowledge creation.
Degradación de suelos en Sonora: el problema de la erosión en los suelos de uso ganadero
Authors: López Reyes Migdelina
Published: August 2017

La erosión es un problema presente en la mayoría de los suelos sonorenses y constituye un riesgo para la producción futura de las actividades agrícolas , ganaderas y forestales del estado. En este trabajo se analiza el problema de la erosión de los suelos de uso ganadero en Sonora, el cual constituye el proceso de degradación más extendido en la entidad. Se parte de la presentación resumida de las manifestaciones y magnitud de los procesos de degradación de tierras en Sonora, posteriormente se analizan las actividades productivas que lo originan , así como sus repercusiones ambientales.
Muestra del léxico pesquero en Sonora
Authors: Pérez Aguilar Raúl Arístides
Published: August 2017

Resumen:Este artículo describe los fenómenos lingüísticos -desde el punto de vista lexicográfico- de la lengua especializada que utilizan los pescadores del estado de Sonora. Mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario que rebasa las 390 preguntas y con la utilización del método de "palabras y cosas", se explora exhaustivamente el léxico pesquero de once poblaciones -puertos de altura y campamentos- sonorenses y se comparan entre sí con el objeto de hallar la extensión real y la vitalidad de cada uno de los términos marinos; asimismo, y con los mismos objetivos, se contrasta la nómina obtenida con otros sitios de México, América y España. El léxico patrimonial sonorense puede ser vislumbrado así a la luz de los contrastes que se establecen entre éste y las otras formas usadas por los pescadores del vasto mundo hispánico. De las múltiples denominaciones propias de la actividad pesquera y al tratarse de una muestra, se expone únicamente un filón de nueve centros de interés -el mar, meteorología, los astros, geomorfología, navegación y maniobras, jarcias, embarcaciones y construcción naval, artes de pesca y el comercio- de los diez en los que está dividido el cuestionario.Palabras clave : fenómenos lingüísticos; pescadores; léxico patrimonial; actividad pesquera; mundo hispánico. Abstract:This article describes the linguistic phenomena -from the lexicographical viewpoint- of the specialized language used by fishermen of the State of Sonora. By applying a questionnaire with more than 390 questions and by using the "words and things" method, the fishermen's vocabularies from eleven Sonora towns, deep sea ports and camps, are thoroughly explored and compared to each other in order to find the real extent and vitality of each of the "sea" words. Likewise, and with the same objectives, the list obtained is compared to other places in Mexico, America and Spain. The Sonora's patrimonial vocabulary can be glimpsed in the light of the contrasts between this vocabulary and the other forms used by fishermen around the immense Hispanic world. From the numerous denominations characteristic of the fishing activity, and since it's a sample, only nine focuses of attention are analyzed: the sea, meteorology, the stars, geomorphology, navigation and maneuvers, rigging, vessels and shipbuilding industry, nets, and trade.Key words: linguistic phenomena; fishermen; patrimonial vocabulary; fishing activity; Hispanic world.
Tendencias recientes de la migración internacional y las remesas en Coahuila
Authors: Rodríguez Ramírez Héctor
Published: August 2017

El propósito fundamental de este trabajo es ofrecer un diagnóstico de la situación que presenta hoy en día la migración internacional de coahuilenses hacia los Estados Unidos. En particular, se pretende valorar el fenómeno en tres vertientes: 1) con base en su importancia relativa dentro del contexto nacional; 2) en referencia a la intensidad y dinámica del fenómeno, y 3) en función de su trascendencia económica.
Palabras clave: migración, remesas, pobreza, , ingreso.
Desigualdad salarial, demanda de trabajo calificado y modernización: lecciones del caso de Tijuana, 1987-1994
Authors: Ghiara Ranjeeta , Zepeda Eduardo
Published: August 2017

Este trabajo revisa algunos de los estudios que buscan explicar la creciente dispersión salarial que acompañó la etapa inicial de reformas económicas y liberalización, comprendida entre 1987 y 1994 y presenta evidencias para el caso de Tijuana. Esta investigación permite concluir que, efectivamente, hay evidencias que apuntan a que la liberalización implicó una mayo r demanda de mano de obra calificada y que ésta explica parte de la desigualdad salarial. Pero el trabajo también argumenta que la evidencia no es contundente, particularmente si se introducen factores regionales al análisis. La revisión del comportamiento de la prima a la educación universitaria en el caso de Tijuana, puntal de las nuevas exportaciones, no muestra aumentos claros, lo que hace suponer que no se presentó ahí el pronosticado aumento de la demanda de trabajo calificado. Además, su comparación con la Ciudad de México confirma las dudas surgidas respecto a la naturaleza altamente demandante de trabajo calificado de las nuevas exportaciones e inversiones. El texto sugiere, sin mayor elaboración, que parte de la explicación de la creciente desigualdad se debe encontrar en factores institucionales que mantuvieron bajos los salarios de los trabajadores con poca calificación