bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Adverse Effects of Sodium Stibogluconate in the Treatment of Visceral Leishmaniasis
Authors: Miah Md Abdus Sattar , Salam Md Abdus , Haque Md Azizul , Azad Md Azizul Haque , Haque Md A K M Enamul , Islam Quazi Tarikul , Ekram A R M Saifuddin
Published: May 2013

This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Medicine, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital to evaluate the adverse effects of sodium stibogluconate in the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. Out of 30 patients, 19 patients (63.33%) developed abnormalities in ECG. Among them 14 patients (46.67%) developed prolonged QTc, 6 patients (20%) developed Twave inversion and 1 patient (3.33%) developed transient first degree heart block. No patient developed symptomatic arrhythmia. Five patients (16.67%) developed transient raise of bilirubin, 11 patients (36.67%) developed raised SGPT. None of them developed clinical hepatitis. Twenty three patients (76.67%) developed raised serum amylase but none developed clinical pancreatitis. There was no change in renal function. No adverse effects were noted on complete blood count.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v3i1.13659 KYAMC Journal Vol. 3, No.-1, June 2012 pp.239-243
Procidencia with rare complication -a case report
Authors: Sultana Mst Atia , Akter Monira , Anam Shafiul
Published: May 2013

Mrs. Lalbanu 65 years old lady presented to us with the complaints of something coming down per vagina for 10 years, foul smelling discharge for 2 months, fever & maggot formation for 5 days, she  also gave history of applying some chemical substances on her prolapsed mass of genitalia, and she also complains of lower abdominal pain for last 5 days. On examination, prolapsed mass was distorted, edematous, infected, irreducible & there were maggots, her temperature was raised & having lower abdominal tenderness. She was treated at first conservatively & then surgically. Now  she is well & with our follow up.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v3i1.13662 KYAMC Journal Vol. 3, No.-1, June 2012 pp.262-264
Generalized Least Energy of Separation for Desalination and Other Chemical Separation Processes
Authors: Mistry Karan , Lienhard John
Published: May 2013

Increasing global demand for fresh water is driving the development and implementation of a wide variety of seawater desalination technologies driven by different combinations of heat, work, and chemical energy. This paper develops a consistent basis for comparing the energy consumption of such technologies using Second Law efficiency. The Second Law efficiency for a chemical separation process is defined in terms of the useful exergy output, which is the minimum least work of separation required to extract a unit of product from a feed stream of a given composition. For a desalination process, this is the minimum least work of separation for producing one kilogram of product water from feed of a given salinity. While definitions in terms of work and heat input have been proposed before, this work generalizes the Second Law efficiency to allow for systems that operate on a combination of energy inputs, including fuel. The generalized equation is then evaluated through a parametric study considering work input, heat inputs at various temperatures, and various chemical fuel inputs. Further, since most modern, large-scale desalination plants operate in cogeneration schemes, a methodology for correctly evaluating Second Law efficiency for the desalination plant based on primary energy inputs is demonstrated. It is shown that, from a strictly energetic point of view and based on currently available technology, cogeneration using electricity to power a reverse osmosis system is energetically superior to thermal systems such as multiple effect distillation and multistage flash distillation, despite the very low grade heat input normally applied in those systems.
Prognostic Value of Tumor Markers, NSE, CA125 and SCC, in Operable NSCLC Patients
Authors: Yu Dangfan , Du Kaiqi , Liu Taifeng , Chen Guojun
Published: May 2013

The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of tumor markers in operable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. A total of 481 NSCLC patients were enrolled in the present study. High levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC) were detected in 306 (63.6%), 89 (18.5%) and 125 (26.0%) patients, respectively. Seventy-eight of 481 patients died of disease progression, and the median disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 16.0 and 21.0 months, respectively. The three-year DFS rate was 56.7%, and the OS rate was 75.3%. For serum NSE, the three-year cumulative DFS rate for the normal and elevated group was 67.7% and 51.8% (p = 0.007). The OS in patients with high and normal levels of NSE was 34.0 months and 48.0 months, respectively. The median DFS was 46.0 months versus 32.0 months (p = 0.001), and the OS was 48.0 months versus 44.0 months (p = 0.001) in patients with normal and high levels of CA125. For patients with squamous cell carcinoma, the overall survival was significantly shorter in patients with elevated levels of SCC (p = 0.041). In the multivariate analysis high levels of NSE, CA125 and clinical stage were signiﬁcantly correlated with worse prognosis (p < 0.05). Patients with all three tumor markers elevated presented the worst prognosis (p < 0.05). In our analysis, high levels of preoperative serum NSE and CA125 are correlated with worse survival in operable NSCLC patients.
Melatonin Receptor Genes in Vertebrates
Authors: Li Di , Smith David , Hardeland Rüdiger , Yang Ming , Xu Huai , Zhang Long , Yin Hua , Zhu Qing
Published: May 2013

Melatonin receptors are members of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family. Three genes for melatonin receptors have been cloned. The MT1 (or Mel1a or MTNR1A) and MT2 (or Mel1b or MTNR1B) receptor subtypes are present in humans and other mammals, while an additional melatonin receptor subtype, Mel1c (or MTNR1C), has been identified in fish, amphibians and birds. Another melatonin related orphan receptor, GPR50, which does not bind melatonin, is found exclusively in mammals. The hormone melatonin is secreted primarily by the pineal gland, with highest levels occurring during the dark period of a circadian cycle. This hormone acts systemically in numerous organs. In the brain, it is involved in the regulation of various neural and endocrine processes, and it readjusts the circadian pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nucleus. This article reviews recent studies of gene organization, expression, evolution and mutations of melatonin receptor genes of vertebrates. Gene polymorphisms reveal that numerous mutations are associated with diseases and disorders. The phylogenetic analysis of receptor genes indicates that GPR50 is an outgroup to all other melatonin receptor sequences. GPR50 may have separated from a melatonin receptor ancestor before the split between MTNR1C and the MTNR1A/B ancestor.
The Importance Placed on the Monitoring of Food Safety and Quality by Australian Consumers
Authors: Henderson Julie , Mamerow Loreen , Taylor Anne , Ward Paul , Meyer Samantha , Coveney John
Published: May 2013

Food Standards Australia New Zealand (FSANZ) estimates that Australians experience 5.4 million incidents of food poisoning each year, making food safety a significant public health issue. This paper describes and analyses the importance placed by Australians on the role of the agencies and actors that regulate the safety and quality of food. A computer assisted telephone interviewing survey addressing aspect of food safety was administrated to a random sample of 1,109 participants across all Australian states (response rate 41.2%). Only 44.6% of participants viewed the monitoring of food safety and quality as ‘Very important’, with greatest significance placed upon personal monitoring (76.0%) and the role of the Federal government (51.1%). The media (22.5%) and local council (32.4%) were viewed as the least important agents. When data were combined to create an index of general monitoring, participants under 30; respondents in outer regional areas; and men identified food monitoring as less important; while respondents from households with 5 or more members viewed food monitoring as more important than respondents from smaller households.
Films of Carbon Nanomaterials for Transparent Conductors
Authors: Ho Xinning , Wei Jun
Published: May 2013

The demand for transparent conductors is expected to grow rapidly as electronic devices, such as touch screens, displays, solid state lighting and photovoltaics become ubiquitous in our lives. Doped metal oxides, especially indium tin oxide, are the commonly used materials for transparent conductors. As there are some drawbacks to this class of materials, exploration of alternative materials has been conducted. There is an interest in films of carbon nanomaterials such as, carbon nanotubes and graphene as they exhibit outstanding properties. This article reviews the synthesis and assembly of these films and their post-treatment. These processes determine the film performance and understanding of this platform will be useful for future work to improve the film performance.
Dysregulation of the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin and p27Kip1 Promotes Intimal Hyperplasia in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Woods Thomas
Published: May 2013

The proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in the intima of an artery, known as intimal hyperplasia, is an important component of cardiovascular diseases. This is seen most clearly in the case of in-stent restenosis, where drug eluting stents are used to deliver agents that prevent VSMC proliferation and migration. One class of agents that are highly effective in the prevention of in-stent restenosis is the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors. Inhibition of mTOR blocks protein synthesis, cell cycle progression, and cell migration. Key to the effects on cell cycle progression and cell migration is the inhibition of mTOR-mediated degradation of p27Kip1 protein. p27Kip1 is a cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor that is elevated in quiescent VSMCs and inhibits the G1 to S phase transition and cell migration. Under normal conditions, vascular injury promotes degradation of p27Kip1 protein in an mTOR dependent manner. Recent reports from our lab suggest that in the presence of diabetes mellitus, elevation of extracellular signal response kinase activity may promote decreased p27Kip1 mRNA and produce a relative resistance to mTOR inhibition. Here we review these findings and their relevance to designing treatments for cardiovascular disease in the presence of diabetes mellitus.
How “Pharmacoresistant” is Cav2.3, the Major Component of Voltage-Gated R-type Ca2+ Channels?
Authors: Schneider Toni , Dibué Maxine , Hescheler Jürgen
Published: May 2013

Membrane-bound voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs) are targets for specific signaling complexes, which regulate important processes like gene expression, neurotransmitter release and neuronal excitability. It is becoming increasingly evident that the so called “resistant” (R-type) VGCC Cav2.3 is critical in several physiologic and pathophysiologic processes in the central nervous system, vascular system and in endocrine systems. However its eponymous attribute of pharmacologic inertness initially made in depth investigation of the channel difficult. Although the identification of SNX-482 as a fairly specific inhibitor of Cav2.3 in the nanomolar range has enabled insights into the channels properties, availability of other pharmacologic modulators of Cav2.3 with different chemical, physical and biological properties are of great importance for future investigations. Therefore the literature was screened systematically for molecules that modulate Cav2.3 VGCCs.
Salles et châteaux gascons, un modèle de maisons fortes
Authors: Séraphin Gilles
Published: May 2013

In the Perigord and the Quercy, the lord's lodgings are often separated from the turris, whereas in Gascony, the noble résidence unités in a single édifice the lodgins and the turris. More than one hundred of thèse noble dwellings known as « château gascon », « salle » or « tour-salle » remain in the departments of Gers, Tarn-et- Garonne, Lot-et-Garonne. They constitute a particularly homogeneous corpus, built over a short period of time, between the last third of the thirteenth Century and the middle of the fourteenth Century. These seigneurial habitations are characterized by the constancy of their plan, which superimposes over a ground-floor cellar, a first floor that serves as refuge and graniery, as well as being the only floor equipped for défense, followed by two habitable upper floors. The roof covering the lodgings leaves disengaged a crenelated parapet walk for defense of the upper levels.

When the seigneurial apartments are on a single upper level, they combine in a similar volume both the salle and bed chambers, separated by partitions. By comparison to the single salles, which present a minimalist version of the model, the châteaux gascons are an amplifïed variant in which one or two addorsed towers inherit the défense apparatus which elsewhere is the exclusive function of the first storey of the dwelling.
Le manoir de Chauvincourt (Eure) : une résidence seigneuriale du XIIIe siècle
Authors: Impey Edward
Published: May 2013

Le Manoir est une résidence seigneuriale datant des années 1210. Il comportait à l'origine deux étages au-dessus du rez-de-chaussée ; le premier étage était desservi par un escalier extérieur. Il appartient au type des logis « compacts » ; celui-ci remplaça, au cours du XIIIe siècle, la formule d'influence anglaise de la résidence comprenant une salle et un corps de bâtiment domestique séparés (hall and chamber block), qui domina en Normandie entre 1125 et 1225 environ. Sa précocité exceptionnelle et sa situation proche de la frontière française, sont des arguments en faveur de l'hypothèse qui voit dans la diffusion du nouveau type le résultat de l'accroissement des influences françaises après la conquête de 1204. Doyennés et granges de l'abbaye de Cluny. Exploitations domaniales et résidences seigneuriales monastiques en Clunisois du XIe au XIVe siècles, par Pierre Garrigou Grandchamp, Alain Guerreau, Jean-Denis Salvèque, et avec la collaboration d'Edward Impey. Les édifices bâtis sur les domaines illustrent une variété d'habitat seigneurial, dans sa composante monastique, souvent négligée, voire même ignorée en ce qui concerne l'ordre de Cluny. Ces bâtiments constituent de véritables cours seigneuriales, têtes de vastes domaines agricoles ; cependant, cette fonction ne suffit pas à caractériser la variété de leurs rôles : ils sont aussi, selon le cas, d'importantes résidences ou des points d'appui solidement fortifiés. Les vestiges architecturaux sont particulièrement importants en Clunisois, à Bézornay, Mazille et Sercy, ce qui justifie trois monographies. D'utiles comparaisons peuvent être pratiquées avec certaines parties conservées des autres doyennés proches ; l'analyse met aussi en relief quelques traits forts qui distinguent ces édifices de l'habitat seigneurial laïc contemporain. En outre les sources, parfois décevantes pour l'histoire individuelle des sites, autorisent une bonne approche du contexte institutionnel et économique et font sortir de l'ombre le système domanial clunisien, et notamment le rôle joué par l'abbé Hugues de Semur. Le regroupement de ces données compose un tableau d'ensemble pertinent pour les XIIe et XIIIe siècles, période pour laquelle il reste beaucoup à faire afin de disposer d'une vue complète sur l'habitat seigneurial rural.
Doyennés et granges de l'abbaye de Cluny. Exploitations domaniales et résidences seigneuriales monastiques en Clunisois du XIe au XIVe siècles
Authors: Garrigou Grandchamp Pierre , Guerreau Alain , Salvèque Jean-Denis , Impey Edward
Published: May 2013

The edifices built on the Cluniac domains illustrate a variety of seigneurial dwellings, which, because of their monastic context, are often neglected if not ignored, so far as the order of Cluny is concerned. These buildings constitute véritable seigneurial courts at the head of vast agricultural domains. That function, however, does not suffice as a characterization of the variety of their roles : they are also, as the case may be, important résidences or solidly fortified défense posts. The architectural vestiges are particularly important in the Clunisois, at Bézornay, Mazille and Sercy, which justifies three monographs. Useful comparisons can be made with certain preserved parts of the other nearby deaneries. The analysis highlights some strong traits that distinguish thèse buildings from contemporary lay seigneurial dwellings. Furthermore, the sources, sometimes disappointing for the individual history of the sites, provide a good conduit for understanding the institutional and économie context and help disperse the shadows surrounding the Cluniac domanial System, especially the role played by Hugues de Semur. The gathering together of these data gives a composite picture for the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, a period for which much remains to be done before we can have complète view of the rural seigneurial dwelling.
La prévôté de Favières, dépendance de l'abbaye Saint-Médard de Soissons. Un exemple de programme domestique d'établissement rural monastique
Authors: Corvisier Christian , Rolland Denis
Published: May 2013

The abbey of Saint-Médard de Soissons, which was especially well-endowed with lands from the twelfth Century onward, owned in the Soissonnais, Tardenois and Valois various establishments having the status of granges, priories or provostries. Favières was in the last category. Unlike granges, provostries had a chapel and a dwelling for the provost, who was a monk appointed to dispense temporal justice on the lands of Saint-Médard within his purview. The plan ofthe provostry of Favières recalls that of a priory : chapel and residential buildings surround a small square court. Judging from its décoration, which is of fine quality, the chapel fïts well with Soissonnais gothic buildings of the 1230s. Attached to it is a wing that takes a right angle and which masks the West façade. This wing is unusual for its portico which gives the ground floor the structure of a hall. The upper storey, pierced with decorated gemel Windows, has a room and a bed chamber with chimney which are related to the seigneurial apartments of contemporary manors. The décoration allows the construction of this building to be situated in the thirteenth Century, and not after the wartime déprédations suffered during the 1360s, as has been proposed. The confrontation with the other provostries of Saint-Médard points up an architectural variety in which références are always stronger to seigneurial than to monastic architecture. Favières is exceptionnal for its lack of fortification. The wing that forms the dwelling of the provost is unusual for its quality, given the modest size of the establishment, but its program is common to many « houses » of contemporary seigneurial domains, both ecclesiastic and lay, which remain, for the most part, to be studied.
Les Bibles moralisées et les vitraux de la Sainte Chapelle : le vitrail de l'Exode
Authors: Christe Yves
Published: May 2013

Inaugurée par F. de Guilhermy en 1848, ébauchée par J. Dyer-Spencer en 1924, l'étude des relations entre les Bibles moralisées et les vitraux de la Sainte- Chapelle est restée depuis en suspens. Cet article tend à montrer que pour la verrière de l'Exode l'ensemble des manuscrits a été utilisé, mais pour une partie seulement du récit. L'étude en cours des autres verrières révèle une situation contrastée. Si pour Daniel et Ezéchiel, c'est la seule Bible de Tolède qui est en cause et pour tous les panneaux originaux, pour les Juges, on ne relève aucune influence des Bibles moralisées. Pour Ruth, la situation est semblable à celle de l'Exode. Il en va de même pour Esther. En revanche, pour les Nombres, Isaïe, et surtout Josué, c'est à nouveau la Bible de Tolède, mais pour une partie des panneaux seulement, qui a servi de référence. L'histoire des relations entre les Bibles moralisées et les vitraux de la Sainte- Chapelle est celle d'une suite de rendez-vous manques. C'est donc pour rompre avec cette fatalité qu'avec quelques étudiants de Genève j'ai engagé depuis deux ans une enquête comparative qui portera sur l'ensemble du décor vitré, et dont le premier volet est consacré à l'Exode.
Les chapiteaux de Thil-sur-Arroux retrouvés
Authors: Reiche Jens
Published: May 2013

L'église romane du prieuré de Thil-sur-Arroux, dans l'Autunois, fut démolie en 1849. Son architecture et le décor sculpté sont connus à travers trois dessins, peu antérieurs à la démolition. La typologie des chapiteaux s'insère dans un courant stylistique du début du XIIe siècle qui trouve une attention considérable de la part des chercheurs. Heureusement, les huit chapiteaux qui avaient décoré l'intérieur de Thil-sur-Arroux, furent retrouvés dans l'église de Saint-Maurice-lès-Couches, construite au milieu du XIXe siècle. Le réemploi s'explique par l'intervention du célèbre archéologue autunois, Jean-Gabriel Bulliot. Outre l'intérêt pour l'art roman, l'ensemble de Saint-Maurice offre un exemple exceptionnel en Saône-et-Loire d'une conception assez romantique de la conservation d'objets d'art. Enfin, un nouvel examen stylistique des chapiteaux permet de situer leur chronologie aux environs de 1120.
Boumois : le dernier château gothique en Anjou
Authors: Cussonneau Christian
Published: May 2013

Si le château de Boumois, près de Saumur, est l'un des plus admiré et les plus visité d'Anjou, son histoire restait méconnue faute de sources d'archives. L'étude de cinq marchés de serrurerie et de maçonnerie jusqu'à présent inexploités, permet maintenant d'éclairer assez précisément les circonstances de sa création et de reconstituer la chronologie de sa construction, de 1520 à 1525. Mais au-delà de l'aspect purement historique, ces textes très détaillés de la fin du 1er quart du XVIe siècle et du XVIIe siècle autorisent des hypothèses de restitution de la partie manquante des communs et une reconstitution de l'organisation originelle entière de l'édifice. Stylistiquement, Boumois reste dans la tradition gothique angevine de la fin du XVe siècle et du début du XVIe siècle, et au moment même où, plus haut sur la Loire, s'élèvent les premiers grands édifices phares de la première Renaissance française, les références à l'art transalpin y sont rares, illustrant le conservatisme architectural de l'Anjou en ce début de l'époque moderne.
Computed tomographic and histological findings of Hansen type I intervertebral disc herniation in dogs
Authors: Vitale C. L. , Essman S. C. , Pithua P. , Coates J. R. , Kuroki K.
Published: May 2013

Objective: To evaluate whether noncontrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) as a stand-alone imaging modality can be used to define the Hansen type I intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH) lesion and also whether the Hounsfield unit (HU) value of herniated disc is relevant to clinical duration and to histopathological chronicity of extruded disc material.

Methods: Information from a series of CT studies performed on 45 dogs with a presumptive diagnosis of Hansen type I IVDH was used. Clinical duration of IVDH was estimated based on time from onset of signs per owner communication to time of surgical intervention. Hansen type I IVDH was confirmed at surgery. Retrieved herniated disc was histologically examined. The HU values were analyzed to correlate the clinical duration and histopathological chronicity of the disc lesion.

Results: Non-contrast-enhanced CT provided sufficient diagnostic information to plan surgery in 42 of 45 dogs (93%). The value of the HU was significantly higher in clinically chronic cases (n = 12) compared to peracute cases (n = 11) (p <0.05). The HU values were significantly correlated with clinical duration (r = 0.482, p = 0.0008) and histopathological chronicity of the herniated disc (r = 0.408, p = 0.0056).

Conclusion: Consistent with the previous reports, the use of non-contrast-enhanced CT alone was sufficient for the diagnosis and surgical planning in most patients with Hansen type I IVDH in the thoracolumbar spine. In addition, the present study suggested that HU values on CT images may be useful in the evaluation of disease chronicity of IVDH.
In vitro biomechanical testing of a micro external skeletal fixator
Authors: Bali M. S. , Doherr M. , Spreng D. , Rytz U. , Ferguson S. J. , Deiss R.
Published: May 2013

Objective: To biomechanically test the properties of three different Universal Micro External Fixator (UMEX™) configurations with regard to their use in very small animals (<5kg) and compare the UMEX system to the widely used IMEX External Skeletal Fixation (SK™) system in terms of stiffness, space needed for pin placement and weight.

Methods: Three different UMEX configurations (type Ia, type Ib, and type II modified) and one SK configuration type Ia were used to stabilize Delrin plastic rods in a 1 cm fracture gap model. These constructs were tested in axial compression, craniocaudal bending, mediolateral bending, and torsion. Testing was conducted within the elastic range and mean stiffness in each mode was determined from the slope of the linear portion of the load-deformation curve. A Kruskal Wallis one-way analysis of variance on ranks test was utilized to assess differences between constructs (p <0.05).

Results: The UMEX type II modified configuration was significantly stiffer than the other UMEX configurations and the SK type Ia, except in craniocaudal bending, where the SK type Ia configuration was stiffer than all UMEX constructs. The UMEX type Ia configuration was significantly the weakest of those frames. The UMEX constructs were lighter and smaller than the SK, thus facilitating closer pin placement.

Conclusions: Results supported previous reports concerning the superiority of more complex constructs regarding stiffness. The UMEX system appears to be a valid alternative for the treatment of long-bone fractures in very small animals.
Les champs de bataille et les soldats de la guerre du Pacifique en Asie
Authors: Yoshida Yutaka
Published: May 2013

Nous tenterons dans cet article de donner à voir une représentation des champs de bataille de la guerre du Pacifique en Asie à travers le regard des soldats de l’armée japonaise, et surtout d’aborder avec réalisme leurs façons de mourir. Nous analyserons les caractéristiques de la mobilisation militaire, les conditions physiques et matérielles des soldats, différents aspects de la mort au combat, le moral des combattants et de leurs familles à l’arrière, puis le traitement des restes des soldats tombés au front.
1939-1940, L'armée de l'air française dans la tourmente : capitaine Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, pilote de guerre
Authors: Carlier Claude
Published: May 2013

Après la défaite de 1940, la recherche des « coupables » a accaparé l’attention d’une opinion publique traumatisée par l’ampleur de la débâcle. C’est ainsi que s’est répandue la légende de l’absence d’avions français. La vérité est tout autre ainsi que l’explique cet article principalement illustré par les écrits du capitaine Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, en particulier son livre, Pilote de guerre , paru aux États-Unis en 1942, sous le titre Flight to Arras, dans lequel il précise les conditions dans lesquelles l’armée de l’air a tenté de faire face en mai-juin 1940 au prix de lourds sacrifices, en particulier le Groupe de reconnaissance II/33 auquel il appartenait : « En trois semaines nous avons perdu dix-sept équipages sur vingt-trois. Nous avons fondu comme cire. »
Moluscos del yacimiento paleontológico de "Lo Hueco" (Cretácico Superior, Cuenca, España): Implicaciones paleoambientales y secuenciales
Authors: Callapez P. M. , Barroso-Barcenilla F. , Cambra-Moo O. , Segura M.
Published: May 2013

En el excepcional yacimiento paleontológico de "Lo Hueco" (Cuenca, España) se han obtenido más de 8500 macrorrestos de plantas, invertebrados y vertebrados, incluyendo dinosaurios saurópodos titanosaurios, en una sección del Cretácico Superior en facies "Garumn". El presente trabajo describe los moluscos recogidos, interpretando su significado paleoambiental y secuencial. La muestra obtenida resulta relativamente reducida debido a la urgencia de la excavación, y a que las condiciones diagenéticas posiblemente no han favorecido la preservación de restos carbonatados. En consecuencia, la ausencia de conchas bien preservadas ha obligado a la utilización de nomenclatura abierta. Los bivalvos identificados se encuentran representados por moldes margosos desarticulados de Margaritifera sp., Anodonta sp., ?Corbicula sp. y Pisidium sp., y la mayoría de los gasterópodos por moldes de yeso de Faunus sp. Esta asociación corresponde a una típica paleofauna de agua dulce, en la que la presencia de gasterópodos melanópsidos parece sugerir la influencia esporádica de episodios de agua salobre. Estos datos confirman las interpretaciones paleoambientales previas propuestas para el yacimiento. Adicionalmente, la presencia del gasterópodo terrestre Palaeocyclophorus sp. en niveles infrayacentes con una elevada proporción de materia orgánica vegetal, situados sobre una importante discordancia erosiva, ha permitido localizar el inicio de la secuencia deposicional correspondiente a "Lo Hueco".
Recent Educational Experiences in Electric Machine Maintenance Teaching
Authors: Antonino-Daviu Jose Alfonso , Pons-Llinares Joan , Climente-Alarlarcón Vicente
Published: May 2013

Maintenance of electric machines and installations is a particularly important area; eventual faults in these devices may lead to significant losses in terms of time and money. The investment and concern in developing proper maintenance protocols have been gradually increasing over recent decades. As a consequence, there is a need to instruct future engineers in the electric machines and installations maintenance area. The subject "Maintenance of Electric Machines and Installations" has been designed under this idea. It is taught within an official master degree in Maintenance Engineering. This work describes the educational experiences reached during the initial years of the teaching of the subject. Aspects such as student profiles, subject approaches, design of the syllabus, methodology and structure of the laboratory sessions are remarked in the work. In addition, the paper discusses other educational strategies which are being introduced to increase the interest in the subject, such as integration of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), promotion of the collaborative work, inclusion of the possibility of remote learning or development of new assessment systems.
Constructivist Multi-Access Lab Approach in Teaching FPGA Systems Design with LabVIEW
Authors: Balid Walid , Abdulwahed Mahmoud , Alrouh Imad
Published: May 2013

Embedded systems play vital role in modern applications [1]. They can be found in autos, washing machines, electrical appliances and even in toys. FPGAs are the most recent computing technology that is used in embedded systems. There is an increasing demand on FPGA based embedded systems, in particular, for applications that require rapid time responses. Engineering education curricula needs to respond to the increasing industrial demand of using FPGAs by introducing new syllabus for teaching and learning this subject. This paper describes the development of new course material for teaching FPGA-based embedded systems design by using â??Gâ?? Programming Language of LabVIEW. A general overview of FPGA role in engineering education is provided. A survey of available Hardware Programming Languages for FPGAs is presented. A survey about LabVIEW utilization in engineering education is investigated; this is followed by a motivation section of why to use LabVIEW graphical programming in teaching and its capabilities. Then, a section of choosing a suitable kit for the course is laid down. Later, constructivist closed-loop model the FPGA course has been proposed in accordance with [2-4; 80,86,89,92]. The paper is proposing a pedagogical framework for FPGA teaching; pedagogical evaluation will be conducted in future studies. The complete study has been done at the Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Aleppo University.
The Application of Bridgman’s Seal and B-Ring Seal in the Process of Pump Head Auto-Frettage
Authors: Xu Xiao Bing , Zhu Liang
Published: May 2013

In this paper,it is described that the seal selected and structure design of plunger hole and liquid export seal in the pump head’s experiment of extra-high pressure and auto-frettage. Then,Bridgman’s seal and design account for gasket is chose. And liquid export seal used B-ring is chose and analyzed by FEM. The results provide a basis for the experiment about pump head’s extra-high pressure and auto-frettage.
Combined Drill String Design and Length Limit Calculation in Deepwater Abandonment
Authors: Tang Hai Xiong , Ruan Chao , Luo Jun Feng , Wang Peng , Feng Ding
Published: May 2013

With the development of offshore oil and gas exploration, the development tendency is expanded from the shallow sea to the deepwater gradually. During the projects of deepwater abandonment, casing withdrawal is a necessary process. Although the drill string is affected mainly by the tensile force in the shallow sea, the extruding force is the main factors of dill string length. Because the drill string is designed in single size, and its length is limited. But the drill string whose length in the deepwater abandonment is needed more than in shallow sea, so it could not be designed in single size. The reason is that the dill string is easy to be collapse by large length, great adhesive force and heavy weights. For the sake of the demand of safety, economy and time requirement in deepwater abandonment, combined drill string design is a good choice for the deepwater abandonment.
Downhole Propulsion/Steering Mechanism for Wellbore Trajectory Control in Directional Drilling
Authors: Liu Xu Hui , Liu Ying Hui , Feng Ding
Published: May 2013

Advanced directional drilling, especially rotary steerable systems, provides directional control of wellbore while continuously rotating the drill bit. Downhole propulsion/steering mechanism is one of the key components in rotary closed-loop drilling system. Downhole steering/propulsion mechanisms currently used for directional control include adjustable stabilizer, steerable downhole motor and steering actuators used in state-of-the-art rotary steerable systems. The novel electro-mechanical propulsion and steering mechanisms are introduced, in order to produce downhole weight on bit (WOB) and directional control of the drill bit while rotating it as well. The mechanisms are based on high-reduction ratio planetary gear system and DC motor. This propulsion/steering mechanism introduces a unique rotary steering method with a manner of turning screw inside borehole. As a downhole propulsion/steering mechanism, it can be integrated with an existing MWD system to provide directional control and downhole propulsion force on drill bit.
Research on the Dynamic Fitting and Prediction Model of Underground CBM Extraction Capacity Based on Improved Wavelet Neural Network Method
Authors: Wei Lu
Published: May 2013

According to the difficult question that how to calculate the productivity of coal mine underground extraction-CBM, introduced the method of wavelet neural network, for different pre-draining time, the productivity of CBM was calculated with dynamic fitting. Because wavelet neural network exists convergence speed slow and easy to fall into local minimum, therefore a parameter correction of the improved algorithm was put forward. The first neuron function of output layer used hyperbolic tangent function instead of traditional Sigmod function, Secondly used the way that added the momentum term in adjustment type of weights to select the learning step, in order to improve the efficiency of network learning. Using the proposed improvement method, the productivity prediction model of coal mine underground extraction-CBM was established. The results showed that: the improved wavelet neural network model can be good for accurate prediction of the productivity model of coal mine underground extraction-CBM, the prediction accuracy and generalization ability was better than the BP neural network and the wavelet neural network model, it had important guiding significance to CBM extraction engineering of deployment and mine gas management.
The New Rotary Steering Drilling Tool and Blind Area Borehole Trajectory Spline Curve Predicting Method
Authors: Xu Fu Dong , Xu He Lin , Hua Bei Zhuang , Li Han Xing , Feng Ding
Published: May 2013

This paper put forward the overall index of the new point-to-bit type rotary steering drilling tool. It briefly researched the steering mechanism mechanics model (composite beam) and the new point-to-bit type rotary steering drilling tool structure. Based on this fact, it proposes the spline curve prediction blind area trajectory method aim at the blind area existed at the small area of the front end of the drill. The paper discussed the forecast results and probe some laws: as the well depth changes, the inclination of the well path increases, and the azimuth of the well path changes slowly; when the drill build-up rate increases, the inclination angle of the well path increases.
An Algorithm for Particle Size Analysis of Gravel Image by Using Gray-Value Vibration Frequency
Authors: Yu Si Yu , Li Shao Hua , Li Jun , Song Dao Wan , Shi Jing Hua
Published: May 2013

Due to it is very extensive usage in the application of production practice and scientific research in the present,Identifying particle size from digital image is an important technology.Up to now there have been some particle image size identification methods,Such as the improved watershed algorithm for adhesive rice image segmentation,Particle size analysis method based on spatial autocorrelation for deposit digital Image.But because the gravel image is a kind of special particle image,those methods are not very suitable for use in particle size analysis of gravel image.This paper puts forward a new particle image size identification method.Combing with the image threshold segmentation method,this new method is better able to extract gravel object from gravel image and rebuild the grid model of gravel size.
A Periodic Noise Separation Method Research of well Field Three-Dimensional Drill String Vibration Signal
Authors: Wu Hao Cheng , Dai Yong Shou , Sun Wei Feng , Li Li Gang , Zhang Ya Nan
Published: May 2013

Periodic noise is an important manifestation of the drill string vibration signal noise. In order to extract the characteristics of the signals which reflect the situation of the tools in drilling, the periodic components which influence the original drill string vibration signal in the well field were researched and the independent component analysis algorithm which is on the basis of negative entropy for periodic vibration noise separation was adopted. At the same time, the effect of algorithm demixing was improved where periodic noise components which existed in three directions of drill string vibration signals were used, combining with the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm to seek the optimal mixed matrix by which the multi-channel mixed-signal of independent component analysis algorithm could be structured. This method in operation was fast. And after separation each signal was of high similarity. Through the experimental simulation, the method was proven effective in the drill string vibration periodic noise signal separation.
Study on Morphology and Structure of Wax Crystals in Waxy Crudes at Apex Temperature of Wax Precipitation
Authors: Yi Shi Ze , Gao Peng
Published: May 2013

The apex temperature of wax precipitation was measured with fractal dimension characterizing the wax crystal morphology, and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), respectively. The experimental result revealed that the concentration of precipitated wax in virgin waxy crudes had the strong positive correlation with the fractal dimension of wax crystals. At the apex temperature, the wax crystals changed from tiny microscopic spots to clear and visible ones, with their morphology and structure becoming more intricate.
Research Status of Plastic Vacuum Coating
Authors: Yu Gui Wen , Zhao Li Li , Sun Zhi Hui , Zhang Jin Long
Published: May 2013

Vacuum coating technology in the decoration, block, electromagnetic, sunlight, etc all have advantages, is widely used in various fields. Plastic vacuum coating technology can improve the surface quality of the plastics , It has the unique function of both plastics and metals. Introduced the plastic vacuum coating equipment, coating of paint and plastic vacuum coating in glass, foam, electromagnetic shielding and other aspects of the application of the latest research situation.
Corrosion of 434 Stainless Fibres in Hydrochloric Acid
Authors: Yang Xiong , Tong Jian , Li Xiao Ming
Published: May 2013

The effects of concentration and temperature of hydrochloric acid and etching time on the corrosion rates of 434 stainless steel fibres are investigated by using weight loss method,The results show that with the concentration of hydrochloric acid increase,the temperature of hydrochloric acid rise, etching time prolonging, the corrosion rate of 434 stainless steel fibres is increased, and the corrosion rate of smalldimension of 434 stainless steel fibres faster.Though Cl- of hydrochloric acid doesn’t take direct part in the reaction,the corrosion rate is significantly accelerated.
An Optimization Text of the Cemented Carbide EDM on Electrode Material
Authors: Yang Xiong , Li Xiao Ming , Tong Jian
Published: May 2013

This paper researches the influences of different peak currents, gap voltages, pulse widths and duty cycles on the electrode relative depletion rate about EDM of YG11. It also makes the comparison graphs of different electrodes for analyzing and provides the experimental basis for electrode material optimization of cemented carbide EDM.
Optimal Design of Combined Cold Extrusion Concave Die with Oblique End Face
Authors: Yuan Xin Mei , Zhou Si Zhu , Huang Tian Cheng
Published: May 2013

Through the contrast analysis of optimal design of the flat and the oblique end face combination concave die which can be know the stress distribution of the combined concave die of the bicycle teeth steel bowl. It points out that the combined concave die with oblique end face can make the size on the structure of the die smaller and the structure more compact under the same internal pressure. At the same time, it provides reference to the structure optimization design of bearing partial pressure or irregular thick cylinder combination concave die.
Magnetron Sputtering Target Structure Optimization Research Status
Authors: Lin Jing , Zhang Jin Long , Yu Gui Wen
Published: May 2013

In order to optimize the target surface magnetic field intensity and uniformity for the purpose, this paper introduces the traditional magnetron sputtering target problems, the author summarizes the other researchers on magnetron sputtering target field overall optimization ideas, magnetic field simulation method and different target under the condition of the magnet structure optimization, especially in rectangular target end area optimization are summarized, and the magnetron sputtering target magnetic field pole shoe and permeability piece optimization also made a description.
A Prediction Model of Mine Gas Emission Base on a New Ant Colony Algorithm
Authors: Qin Xiao Qiang
Published: May 2013

In this paper a prediction model of mine gas emission base on continuous ant colony algorithm was presented aimed at the difficulty in prediction of mine gas emission. By comparing the measured data with the data calculated by the prediction model, indicated the model was accurate and credible.
Correction Method of RPM C/O in Offshore Heavy Oil Reservoir
Authors: Wang Zhong Hao , Wu Jin Bo , Li Jing Gong
Published: May 2013

At present, the most advanced remaining oil saturation logging technologies are RPM RST RMT PNN PND in domestic and outside. But these have only been made some correction of porosity, lithology, borehole conditions, formation water salinity, oil density. So they are not suitable for application in the offshore heavy oil reservoirs of gravel pack. The writer has designed a volumetric model of considering gravel pack, casing size, wellhole liquid and so on. And some correction formulas are deduced with single factor and multiple factors by combining this volume model. While the author use these formulas to establish some theoretical charts. In the case of that the porosity is 0.3, the author analyzes the C/O value change rule with the same oil saturation in sandstone strata. When the gravel packing volume of 0.1, the C/O value decreases about 0.15. When casing diameter increases from 6inches to 7inches, the C/O value increases about 0.2. When the casing diameter is 6inches, make the clay content, gravel content, and calcium content for 0.1, the C/O value increases about 0.6. After making the gravel pack and other influencing factors correction, contrast RPM data interpretation results and PLT data interpretation results. It is found that the results of remaining oil explain accuracy is improved 10% or more. These methods provide a new theoretical basis for the offshore heavy oil reservoir in the fine interpretation of RPM data.
Numerical Simulation of Foamy Oil Stability Using Natural Gas Huff and Puff for Ultra-Deep Heavy Oil Reservoir
Authors: Li Ju Hua , Bao Rong , Qin Bin , Jiang Tao
Published: May 2013

The nature of injected gas dispersion in oil distinguishes foamy oil behavior from conventional heavy oil behavior. Unlike normal two-phase flow, it involves flow of dispersed gas bubbles with pseudo single phase. This paper presents the results of a numerical simulation study of the stability of foamy oil created by liberation of dissolved gas during natural gas huff and puff process. Through the history matching of labs test conducted by three series of various core tubes in numerical simulation, foamy oil impactions on recovery were discussed based on vertical heterogeneous model. The effects on the stability of foamy oil flow behavior were investigated by mobility ratio, viscous to gravity ratio, layer permeability contrast, vertical to horizontal permeability ratio and the transverse dispersion number in the paper. The results show that foamy oil stability increases with higher oil viscosity, higher injection gas density. The oil recovery decrease with the mobility ratio and the layer permeability contrast, while the oil recovery increase with the vertical to horizontal permeability ratio. This work demonstrates that the transverse dispersion number should be used to assess vertical or microscopic sweep efficiency. The study indicates that foamy oil in porous media during production is unstable, but it will be huge potentials to apply natural gas huff and puff for ultra-deep heavy oil reservoirs.
A New Calculation Method for Micro-Hole Collapse Pressure of Shale Gas Reservoirs in Thrust Fault
Authors: Yuan Jun Liang , Deng Jin Gen , Tan Qiang , Hu Lian Bo
Published: May 2013

With the ever increasing energy demands, unconventional gas becomes the new force in energy field. However, shale gas horizontal drillings are prone to instability problems because of the brittleness of gas shale. The casing programs of shale gas wells in China and North America demonstrate that the more drilling problems are encountered with the larger borehole sizes. In the thrust faults, based on vutukuri's size effect theory and Mclamore's failure criteria, a new prediction model of collapse pressure in transversely isotropic rock mass is proposed to analyze the critical mud weight of micro-hole in gas shale formations. The trajectory sensitivity analysis is also carried out. The results show that micro-hole drilling technique in thrust faults can significantly reduce the collapse pressure of directional wells by 12% approximately.