bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Engaging Men: Results of the MenCare+ Gender Justice Program in Indonesia
Authors: Haryanto Sindung
Published: June 2017

Indonesia is facing crucial gender gap issues, as is shown not least by high maternal mortality and violence against women, on one hand, and by the low level of male participation in the family planning program, on the other. These issues are partly the results of gender politics that marginalize men. The MenCare+ program is relevant. This study measures the changes in knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of men, married and unmarried, who receive the MenCare+ program interventions, and compares the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of married men and young unmarried men. The study was conducted in Lampung Province, Indonesia, on 209 participants. The t test measured changes in the participants’ results. In general, there were positive changes in participants’ knowledge (GEM Scale), attitudes, and behaviors, after participating in the MenCare+ activities.
Dissociation of Executive and Attentional Elements of the Digit Span Task in a Population of Older Adults: A Latent Class Analysis
Authors: LaBelle Denise R. , Lee Bern G. , Miller Justin B.
Published: June 2017

The prevailing model for working memory proposes the existence of a “central executive” responsible for coordinating and prioritizing incoming information from sensory and association cortices. The Digit Span task is commonly used by clinicians to parse attentional and executive components of working memory; however, the interrelatedness of these constructs in the context of advanced age and neurodegenerative disease remains an area of active investigation. The current study details a procedure and rationale for the use of latent class analysis, a data-driven, person-centered method, in the investigation of older adults and dementia. Class analysis of digit span performance in older adults ( n = 874) drawn from a specialty clinic revealed four classes with distinct performance across task subcomponents. In three of the classes, attentional and executive elements demonstrated similar performance. The fourth class and implications of class structure are discussed in the context of aging.
Sitagliptin Attenuates Endothelial Dysfunction of Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats: Implication of the Antiperoxynitrite and Autophagy
Authors: Wang Huanyuan , Zhou Yi , Guo Zhiying , Dong Yu , Xu Jiahui , Huang Haixia , Liu Huirong , Wang Wen
Published: June 2017

Although the contributions of sitagliptin to endothelial function in diabetes mellitus were previously reported, the potential mechanisms still remain undefined. Our research was intended to explore the underlying mechanisms of protective effects of sitagliptin treatment on endothelial dysfunction in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. Male lean nondiabetic Zucker rats were used as control and male obese ZDF rats were randomly divided into ZDF and ZDF + sitagliptin groups. The significant decrease in endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by acetylcholine was observed in mesenteric arteries and thoracic aorta rings of ZDF rats. The administration of sitagliptin restored the vascular function effectively. The morphology study showed severe endothelial injuries in thoracic aortas of ZDF rats, and sitagliptin treatment attenuated these changes. The increased malondialdehyde levels and decreased superoxide dismutase activities in serum of ZDF rats were reversed by sitagliptin treatment. Sitagliptin also increased the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and decreased the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, 3-nitrotyrosine, and p62 in ZDF rats. After giving Fe (III) tetrakis (1-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin pentachloride porphyrin pentachloride (FeTMPyP, a peroxynitrite [ONOO−] scavenger) or sitagliptin to high-glucose (30 mmol/L, 48 hours) cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), the increased levels of Beclin-1 and lysosome-associated membrane protein type 2 were detected. Both FeTMPyP and sitagliptin also significantly increased the number of mRFP-GFP-LC3 dots per cell, suggesting that autophagic flux was increased in HUVECs. Our study indicated that sitagliptin treatment can improve the endothelium-dependent relaxation and attenuate the endothelial impairment of ZDF rats. The protective effects of sitagliptin are possibly related to antiperoxynitrite and promoting autophagy.
Pilot study: use of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in feline renal transplant recipients
Authors: Greenbarg Esther H , Jiménez David A , Nell Lucas A , Schmiedt Chad W
Published: June 2017

Objectives

The study aims were to evaluate the feasibility of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in feline renal transplant recipients in the post-transplantation period and to report findings in a case with presumptive delayed allograft ischemia.

Methods

Cats were imaged postoperatively using contrast harmonic ultrasonography after a bolus injection of a microbubble contrast medium. Time/mean pixel intensity curves were generated for cortical and medullary regions of interest in the renal allograft in each cat. Arrival time, time to peak, wash-in slope, wash-out slope, mean transit time and renal blood flow were calculated for each area.

Results

Within the renal cortices of cats without ureteral obstruction 1 day post-transplantation, arrival time was 2.0–6.3 s, time to peak was 3.6–30.1 s, wash-in rate was 2.45–41.14 mean pixel intensity (MPI)/s, wash-out rate was −2.01 to −0.47 MPI/s and blood flow was 6.1–106.5 MPI/s. Ratio mean transit time was 0.29–1.29. Typical cortical and medullary perfusion patterns were observed in these cats. In one cat with delayed graft ischemia followed by presumptive acute transplant rejection, dynamic and heterogeneous cortical and medullary perfusion was demonstrated. Decreases in cortical blood flow were paralleled by elevated serum creatinine.

Conclusions and relevance

Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography can be used in feline renal transplant recipients and provides both qualitative and quantitative data regarding renal allograft perfusion.
CellTrans: An R Package to Quantify Stochastic Cell State Transitions
Authors: Buder Thomas , Deutsch Andreas , Seifert Michael , Voss-Böhme Anja
Published: June 2017

Many normal and cancerous cell lines exhibit a stable composition of cells in distinct states which can, e.g., be defined on the basis of cell surface markers. There is evidence that such an equilibrium is associated with stochastic transitions between distinct states. Quantifying these transitions has the potential to better understand cell lineage compositions. We introduce CellTrans, an R package to quantify stochastic cell state transitions from cell state proportion data from fluorescence-activated cell sorting and flow cytometry experiments. The R package is based on a mathematical model in which cell state alterations occur due to stochastic transitions between distinct cell states whose rates only depend on the current state of a cell. CellTrans is an automated tool for estimating the underlying transition probabilities from appropriately prepared data. We point out potential analytical challenges in the quantification of these cell transitions and explain how CellTrans handles them. The applicability of CellTrans is demonstrated on publicly available data on the evolution of cell state compositions in cancer cell lines. We show that CellTrans can be used to (1) infer the transition probabilities between different cell states, (2) predict cell line compositions at a certain time, (3) predict equilibrium cell state compositions, and (4) estimate the time needed to reach this equilibrium. We provide an implementation of CellTrans in R, freely available via GitHub ( https://github.com/tbuder/CellTrans ).
Physical Function Assessment of a Mayan Population Living With Osteoarthritis: The Importance of Considering Different Aspects of Functioning
Authors: Loyola-Sanchez Adalberto , Richardson Julie , Pelaez-Ballestas Ingris , Alvarez-Nemegyei Jose , Lavis John N , Wilson Michael G , Wilkins Seanne
Published: June 2017

Objectives:

To assess the physical function of people living with osteoarthritis in a Maya-Yucateco rural community from 3 perspectives and explore factors associated with the presence of disability.

Design:

Physical function and social, physical, psychological, and behavioral factors were evaluated in all adults detected with hand, hip, and/or knee osteoarthritis (n = 144) through a Community-Oriented Program for the Control of Rheumatic Diseases–based census in the Mayan community of Chankom, Yucatán. All cases fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology criteria. Physical function was assessed from 3 perspectives: hypothetical or “what people think they can do” (Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index [HAQ-DI]), experimental or “what people could do in standardized conditions” (6-minute walk test [6MWT] + the Functional Dexterity Test) and enacted or “what people actually do” (personal care, work, and leisure activities’ self-report).

Results:

About 80% of participants reported “mild” disability (HAQ-DI ≤ 1) in the hypothetical function perspective, whereas average experimental function scores were low (6MWT: 206 m, Functional Dexterity Test: 64 seconds), and 78% of participants reported problems with enacted function (ie, work). Pain was significantly associated with disability in the hypothetical perspective (odds ratio [OR] = 3 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1-4]); levels of wealth (β = 5 [95% CI: 1-9]) and muscle strength (β = 54 [95% CI: 20-87]) were significantly associated with functioning in the experimental perspective; and lower levels of self-efficacy (OR = 12 [95% CI: 6-27]) and physical activity (OR = 12 [95% CI: 6-27]) were significantly associated with work disability in the enacted function perspective.

Conclusions:

People living with osteoarthritis in Chankom show important issues when assessing physical function at the experimental and enacted perspectives, which could have been overlooked if only the hypothetical perspective was considered. Different factors were associated with different physical function perspectives and all should be addressed to decrease disability in this community.
Estimating party positions on immigration: Assessing the reliability and validity of different methods
Authors: Ruedin Didier , Morales Laura
Published: June 2017

We provide a systematic assessment of various methods to position political parties on immigration, a policy domain that does not necessarily overlap with left–right and is characterized by varying salience and issue complexity. Manual and automated coding methods drawing on 283 party manifestos are compared – manual sentence-by-sentence coding using a conventional codebook, manual coding using checklists, automated coding using Wordscores, Wordfish and keywords. We also use expert surveys and the Comparative Manifesto Project (CMP), covering the main parties in Austria, Belgium, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, Spain, Switzerland and the United Kingdom, between 1993 and 2013. We find high levels of consistency between expert positioning, manual sentence-by-sentence coding and manual checklist coding and poor or inconsistent results with the CMP, Wordscores, Wordfish and the dictionary approach. An often-neglected method – manual coding using checklists – offers resource efficiency with no loss in validity or reliability.
Whistle-blowing and the equality dimension of victimisation in the workplace
Authors: Middlemiss Sam
Published: June 2017

A considerable amount of attention has been given to the general law of victimisation under the Equality Act 20101 but scant consideration has been given to the equality aspect of victimisation relating to whistle-blowing in the United Kingdom, and the present article will address this. The term whistle-blowing relates to workers making certain disclosures of information relating to their employer’s activities in the public interest. Most workers in the public, private and voluntary sectors are protected from victimisation by making a protected disclosure under the Public Interest Disclosure Act 1998. However, only qualifying disclosures (defined below) are protected by the Public Interest Disclosure Act 1998. The protection against victimisation covers unfair dismissal and an action for suffering a detriment. However, this article will concentrate on the latter. In the process of considering the legal rules in the United Kingdom, the human rights dimension of cases will be considered as will comparison with the law in the United States.
Effect of tool pin profile on the microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir processed Al6061/Al2O3—TiB2 surface hybrid composite layer
Authors: Khojastehnezhad Vahid M , Pourasl Hamed H , Vatankhah Barenji Reza
Published: June 2017

The Al6061/Al2O3–TiB2 surface hybrid composites were produced using friction stir processing. The effect of the tool pin profile was investigated on the microstructure and mechanical properties including hardness and wear resistance. For this purpose, simple cylindrical, threaded cylindrical, taper, square, and triangular pin profiles were used. X-ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the used powder. Light and scanning electron microscopes were utilized for the microstructural observations of the processed samples. The results showed that the distribution of Al2O3–TiB2 particles in the specimens produced using square and triangular tool pin profiles was more uniform due to their tool geometry, which results in better stirring of the material and good material flow. Consequently, a greater reduction of particle clustering was observed, and hence the mechanical properties were enhanced. Moreover, the samples produced using square and triangular pin profiles exhibited more grain refinement than the other samples. More uniform structure, less clustering, and finer grains produced by square and triangular pin profiles caused higher hardness and wear resistance of the samples.
New Testament Media Criticism
Authors: Elder Nicholas A.
Published: June 2017

This article introduces and overviews New Testament media criticism. Media criticism is an emerging biblical methodology that encompasses four related fields: orality studies, social memory theory, performance criticism, and the Bible in modern media. The article addresses the methodological foundations of these fields and reviews recent contributions in each of them.
Forced and Coerced Cesarean Sections in the United States
Authors: Morris Theresa , Robinson Joan H.
Published: June 2017

The rise of the c-section is tied not to maternal or fetal outcomes, but to organizational and legal imperatives. To those ends, a woman’s rights to bodily integrity and decision-making–even the right to refuse surgery–are frequently challenged in childbirth.
Photographs of the Mind
Authors: Andres Mark
Published: June 2017

The illuminating work of the Seeing with Photography Collective.
Painted into a Corner
Authors: Adelman Robert M. , Kimelberg Shelley M. , Tompkins Joanne , Rabii Watoii
Published: June 2017

Robert M. Adelman, Shelly M. Kimelberg, Joanne Tompkins, and Watoii Rabii on visual arts teachers’ not-so-pretty future.
Crush Deformation of a Balloon-Expandable Stent Implanted in an Infrainguinal Bypass Graft
Authors: Ahmed Nida , El-Khoury Rym , Sabri Moustafa N. , White John V. , Jacobs Chad E. , Schwartz Lewis B.
Published: June 2017

A 59-year-old man with critical claudication underwent left femoro-anterior bypass grafting, which was uneventful. The graft was tunneled medially across the knee, then anterior to the tibia. His symptoms recurred 1 year later and he was found to have critical stenosis of the vein graft just proximal to the anterior tibial arterial anastomosis. This was treated with scaffolded balloon angioplasty and implantation of a coronary, zotarolimus-eluting balloon-expandable stent, which was also uneventful. However, his claudication again recurred 1 year later. Diagnostic angiography revealed crush, deformation and restenosis of the balloon-expandable stent requiring surgical revision of the bypass graft.
Foxp-3 variants are associated with susceptibility to Graves’ disease in Chinese population
Authors: Yu Mei , Tan Xueying , Huang Yongmin
Published: June 2017

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an indispensable role in autoimmune disorders. FOXP3 controls the development and function of CD4+CD25+ Tregs. Common variants in the FOXP3 gene are believed to alter messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. The aim of the present investigation was to determine whether FOXP3 polymorphisms predispose an individual to the development of Graves’ disease (GD) in a Chinese population. A total of 534 GD patients who reported to and/or were admitted to the Department of Endocrinology, People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Yuyao, and 630 healthy controls from similar geographical areas were enrolled in this study. FOXP3 polymorphisms (C-2383T, C-3279A, A-3499G, and T+459C) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The relative expression of FOXP3 was assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 110 patients and 110 controls. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism software. Heterozygote and minor allele (C-2383T, C-3279A, and T+459C) frequencies were significantly higher in GD patients relative to healthy controls. The relative expression of FOXP3 was significantly lower in GD patients than in healthy controls ( P < 0.0001). Furthermore, FOXP3 expression was significantly associated with FOXP3 polymorphisms (C-2383T, C-3279A, and T+459C): the wild-type allele was associated with higher FOXP3 expression and mutant alleles were associated with lower FOXP3 expression. In conclusion, this study revealed that FOXP3 polymorphisms are correlated with FOXP3 expression and are significantly associated with susceptibility to GD in a Chinese cohort.
Professional identities of school leaders across international contexts
Authors: Crow Gary M , Møller Jorunn
Published: June 2017

This introductory article attempts to set a conceptual stage for the special issue on identities of school leaders. We do this by beginning with a discussion of identity – its definition, philosophical roots, nature, and components. We then move to a discussion of identity development and the various dimensions that characterize this development. The article ends with a brief description of a critical constructivist model of identity. Our intention in the article is not to offer a theoretical framework that will be used by the article authors, but to offer a conceptual stage that provides the background for understanding identity.
A Pilot Study of Sleep, Work Practices, Visual Processing Speed, and 5-Year Motor Vehicle Crash Risk Among Truck Drivers
Authors: Heaton Karen , McManus Benjamin J. , Mumbower Rachael , Vance David E.
Published: June 2017

The purpose of this pilot study was to explore the relationships between sleep, work practices, speed of processing, and 5-year motor vehicle crash risk among a group of older truck drivers. Anthropometric, demographic, and psychological data were recorded, along with health, sleep, and work histories from a sample of 23 truck drivers. Results from this pilot study suggest that physical fatigue may play a role in processing speed. Future studies should be designed with adequate power and include objective measures of sleep and repeated measures over time to determine 5-year MVC rates. Implications for occupational health nursing research, practice, and education are presented.
Optimal Timing of Surgery for Intramedullary Cavernous Hemangioma of the Spinal Cord in Relation to Preoperative Motor Paresis, Disease Duration, and Tumor Volume and Location
Authors: Imagama Shiro , Ito Zenya , Ando Kei , Kobayashi Kazuyoshi , Hida Tetsuro , Ito Kenyu , Tsushima Mikito , Ishikawa Yoshimoto , Matsumoto Akiyuki , Morozumi Masayoshi , Tanaka Satoshi , Machino Masaaki , Ota Kyotaro , Nakashima Hiroaki , Wakao Norimitsu , Sakai Yoshihito , Matsuyama Yukihiro , Ishiguro Naoki
Published: June 2017

Study Design:

Prospective study.

Objective:

Investigate factors associated with preoperative motor paresis, recovery, ambulatory status, and intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) among patients with no preoperative paresis (N group), complete preoperative motor recovery (CR group), and no complete recovery (NCR group) in patients with intramedullary spinal cavernous hemangioma to determine the optimal timing of surgery.

Methods:

The study evaluated 41 surgical cases in our institute. Disease duration, tumor lesion, manual muscle testing (MMT), and gait at onset, just before surgery, and final follow-up (FU), tumor and lesion volume, IONM, extent of tumor resection, and tumor recurrence were evaluated among N, CR, and NCR groups.

Results:

Motor paresis at onset was found in 26 patients (63%), with 42% of those in CR group. Disease duration from onset negatively affected stable gait just before surgery and FU as well as lower preoperative MMT ( P < .05). Thoracic tumors were associated with patients with unstable gait before surgery ( P < .05). Tumor volume was larger in NCR group ( P < .05). IONM significantly decreased in NCR and CR groups than in N group ( P < .05). The NCR group had residual mild motor paresis at FU ( P < .05). Stable gait at FU was similar in N group and CR group, though lower in NCR group ( P < .05).

Conclusions:

Early surgery is generally recommended for thoracic tumors and large tumors during stable gait without motor paresis before long disease duration. Surgery may be postponed until patients recover from preoperative motor paresis to allow optimal surgical outcome. IONM should be carefully monitored in patients with a history of preoperative paresis even with preoperative complete motor recovery.
Tailoring Educational and Behavioral Interventions to Level of Health Literacy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Schapira Marilyn M. , Swartz Sheila , Ganschow Pamela S. , Jacobs Elizabeth A. , Neuner Joan M. , Walker Cindy M. , Fletcher Kathlyn E.
Published: June 2017

Background: The relative value of universal compared to contingent approaches to communication and behavioral interventions for persons of low health literacy remains unknown. Objective: To examine the effectiveness of interventions that are tailored to individual health literacy level compared to nontailored interventions on health-related outcomes. Design: Systematic review. Data Sources: PubMed and Embase databases. Eligibility Criteria: Studies were eligible if they were in English, used an experimental or observational design, included an intervention that was tailored based on the individual’s level of education, health literacy or health numeracy, and had a comparator group in which the intervention was not tailored to individual characteristics. Review Methods: Databases were searched from inception to January 2016, and the retrieved reference lists hand searched. Abstracts that met PICOS criteria underwent dual review for data extraction to assess study details and study quality. A qualitative synthesis was conducted. Results: Of 2,323 unique citations, 458 underwent full review, and 9 met criteria for the systematic review. Five studies were positive and rated as good quality, 3 were negative with 2 of those of good quality, and 1 had mixed results (fair quality). Positive studies were conducted in the clinical domains of hypertension, diabetes, and depression with interventions including educational materials, disease management sessions, literacy training, and physician notification of limited health literacy among patients. Negative studies were conducted in the clinical domains of heart disease, glaucoma, and nutrition with interventions including medication reconciliation and educational materials. Conclusions: Tailoring communication and behavioral interventions to the individual level of health literacy may be an effective strategy to improve knowledge and indicators of disease control in selected clinical settings.
Antagonistic regulation of the second mitotic wave by Eyes absent-Sine oculis and Combgap coordinates proliferation and specification in the Drosophila retina
Authors: Davis Trevor L. , Rebay Ilaria
Published: June 2017

The transition from proliferation to specification is fundamental to the development of appropriately patterned tissues. In the developing Drosophila eye, Eyes absent (Eya) and Sine oculis (So) orchestrate the progression of progenitor cells from asynchronous cell division to G1 arrest and neuronal specification at the morphogenetic furrow. Here, we uncover a novel role for Eya and So in promoting cell cycle exit in the second mitotic wave (SMW), a synchronized, terminal cell division that occurs several hours after passage of the furrow. We show that Combgap (Cg), a zinc-finger transcription factor, antagonizes Eya-So function in the SMW. Based on the ability of Cg to attenuate Eya-So transcriptional output in vivo and in cultured cells and on meta analysis of their chromatin occupancy profiles, we speculate that Cg limits Eya-So activation of select target genes posterior to the furrow to ensure properly timed mitotic exit. Our work supports a model in which context-specific modulation of transcriptional activity enables Eya and So to promote both entry into and exit from the cell cycle in a distinct spatiotemporal sequence.
A Newborn with an Alternative Porto-Caval Shunt
Authors: Damar Çağrı , Alımlı Ayşe Gül , Derinkuyu Betül Emine , Özcan Kudret Ebru , Olgaç Asburçe , Koç Ali Murat
Published: June 2017

Background: Absent ductus venosus (ADV) is a rare condition, but it should be known that this embryonic anomaly may be detected by fetal echocardiographic or newborn ultrasound examinations.

Case Report: We present a baby with an ADV and an accompanying alternative porto-caval shunt between the right portal vein and inferior vena cava detected on postnatal ultrasound examination.

Conclusions: Variations in the fetal umbilical or porto-systemic circulations should be detected by fetal or newborn ultrasound examinations and kept in mind before common interventions such as UV catheterizations.
On the Existence of Nash Equilibrium in Bayesian Games
Authors: Carbonell-Nicolau Oriol , McLean Richard P.
Published: June 2017

We furnish conditions on the primitives of a Bayesian game that guarantee the existence of a Bayes-Nash equilibrium. By allowing for payoff discontinuities in actions, we cover various applications that cannot be handled by extant results.
The emerging trend of non-operative treatment in paediatric type I open forearm fractures
Authors: Zhang H. , Fanelli M. , Adams C. , Graham J. , Seeley M.
Published: June 2017

Purpose

Open fractures are considered an orthopaedic emergency and are generally an indication for operative debridement. Recent studies have questioned this approach for the management of Gustilo-Anderson Type I open fractures in the paediatric population. This meta-analysis studies the non-operative management of Type I open paediatric forearm fractures.

Methods

An Ovid MEDLINE and PubMed database literature search was performed for studies that involved a quantified number of Gustilo-Anderson Type I open forearm fractures in the paediatric population, which were treated without operative intervention. A fixed-effect meta-analysis, weighting each study based on the number of patients, and a pooled estimate of infection risk (with 95% confidence interval (CI)) was performed.

Results

The search results yielded five studies that were eligible for inclusion. No included patients had operative debridement and all were treated with antibiotics. The number of patients in each study ranged from 3 to 45, with a total of 127 paediatric patients in the meta-analysis. The infection rate was 0% for all patients included. The meta-analysis estimated a pooled infection risk of 0% (95% CI 0 to 2.9).

Conclusions

The five included studies had a total of 127 patients with no cases of infection after non-operative management of Type I open paediatric forearm fractures. The infection rate of Type I fractures among operatively managed patients is 1.9%. The trend in literature towards non-operative treatment of paediatric Type I open fractures holds true in this meta-analysis.
Conventionality in Einstein's practical geometry
Authors: Bacelar Valente Mario
Published: June 2017

While Einstein considered that sub specie aeterni the correct philosophical position regarding geometry was that of the conventionality of geometry, he felt that provisionally it was necessary to adopt a non-conventional stance that he called practical geometry. Here we will present the thesis that practical geometry is still conventional.
Analysis of relations among scientific process skills, academic success and multiple intelligence levels of grade 7-8 students
7 ve 8 sınıf öğrencilerinin bilimsel süreç becerileri, akademik başarı ve çoklu zekâ düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkilerin analizi
Authors: Şahin İsmet , Yılmaz Gökçe
Published: June 2017

Learning skills of individuals may be related to their types of intelligence, scientific process skills and other affective skills and capacities. Relations among these may be used to predict academic success. For this reason, the aim of this study is to analyze the relations among multiple intelligence, scientific process skills and academic success. A multiple intelligence inventory, scientific process skills test eas administered to a total of 98 students attending a state and a private secondary school, 47 of whom are female and 51 of which are male. Their grade point average were collected from e-school database.Academic success is not correlated with general intelligence that is assumed to be the sum of all types of multiple intelligences but is positively correlated with all basic, high level and general scientific process skills. There is no correlation with academic success and any type of multiple intelligences. Musical intelligence is positively correlated with space and time relational skills and logical intelligence is positively correlated with prediction skills of basic scientific process skills. Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBireylerin öğrenme becerileri, bilimsel süreç becerilerindeki yeterlikleri, diğer duyuşsal kapasite ve özelikleri ve farklı zekâ alanlarına yatkınlıklarıyla ilgili olabilir. Bunlar arasındaki ilişkiler akademik başarıyı yordamada da kullanılabilir. Bu nedenle bu çalışmayla ortaokul öğrencilerinin bilimsel süreç becerileri, akademik başarıları ve çoklu zekâ türleri ve değerleri arasındaki ilişkilerin çalışılması amaçlanmıştır.  Bu doğrultuda İzmit ilinde biri özel biri kamu iki okulda 7 ve 8 sınıf larda 47 kadın 51 erkek olmak üzere toplam 98 öğrenciye bilimsel süreç becerileri testi, çoklu zekâ envanteri uygulanmış ve e-okul sisteminden öğrencilerin akademik ortalamaları alınmıştır.Akademik Başarı çoklu zekâ türleri toplamı olarak varsayılan genel zekâyla anlamlı bir ilişki içinde görülmemektedir ancak tüm temel, üst ve genel bilimsel süreç becerileriyle yüksek anlamlı ilişkiler sergilemektedir. Akademik başarı ile çoklu zekâ türleri ve dereceleri arasında bir ilişki gözlenmemiştir. Çoklu zekâ alanlarından ritmik zekâ temel bilimsel süreç becerilerinden uzay zaman ilişkisi kurma ile ve sayısal zekâ da tahmin yapma becerisiyle anlamlı ilişkiler göstermiştir. Diğerleri arasındaki ilişkiler anlamsızdır.
Das Exlibrisportal der Stadtbibliothek Mönchengladbach und die Sammlung Dr. Gernot Blum
Authors: Theveßen Daniel
Published: June 2017

Nach der Schenkung einer der größten Exlibris-Sammlungen Deutschlands an die Stadtbibliothek Mönchengladbach wurde diese über drei Jahre hinweg mit Hilfe einer Datenbanksoftware digitalisiert. Seit Juli 2016 steht mit dem „Exlibrisportal Mönchengladbach“ die erste deutsche Kleingrafik-Datenbank mit mehr als 55.000 Datensätzen und knapp 17.000 Abbildungen im Internet zur Verfügung. Damit bietet sich eine Chance der Verortung und Aufarbeitung zahlloser Exlibrisbestände in öffentlicher und privater Hand.
Analysis of structural brain MRI and multi-parameter classification for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Zhang Yingteng , Liu Shenquan
Published: June 2017

Incorporating with machine learning technology, neuroimaging markers which extracted from structural Magnetic Resonance Images (sMRI), can help distinguish Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) patients from Healthy Controls (HC). In the present study, we aim to investigate differences in atrophic regions between HC and AD and apply machine learning methods to classify these two groups. T1-weighted sMRI scans of 158 patients with AD and 145 age-matched HC were acquired from the ADNI database. Five kinds of parameters (i.e. cortical thickness, surface area, gray matter volume, curvature and sulcal depth) were obtained through the preprocessing steps. The recursive feature elimination (RFE) method for support vector machine (SVM) and leave-one-out cross validation (LOOCV) were applied to determine the optimal feature dimensions. Each kind of parameter was trained by SVM algorithm to acquire a classifier, which was used to classify HC and AD ultimately. Moreover, the ROC curves were depicted for testing the classifiers’ performance and the SVM classifiers of two-dimensional spaces took the top two important features as classification features for separating HC and AD to the maximum extent. The results showed that the decreased cortical thickness and gray matter volume dramatically exhibited the trend of atrophy. The key differences between AD and HC existed in the cortical thickness and gray matter volume of the entorhinal cortex and medial orbitofrontal cortex. In terms of classification results, an optimal accuracy of 90.76% was obtained via multi-parameter combination (i.e. cortical thickness, gray matter volume and surface area). Meanwhile, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC) were also verified multi-parameter combination could reach a better classification performance (AUC=0.94) after the SVM-RFE method. The results could be well prove that multi-parameter combination could provide more useful classified features from multivariate anatomical structure than single parameter. In addition, as cortical thickness and multi-parameter combination contained more important classified information with fewer feature dimensions after feature selection, it could be optimum to separate HC from AD to take the top two important features of them to construct SVM classifiers in two-dimensional space. The proposed work is a promising approach suggesting an important role for machine-learning based diagnostic image analysis for clinical practice.
The Rise of Primary Research Data
Authors: McEwen Leah , Martinsen David
Published: June 2017

As the scale of global commerce and opportunities for multidisciplinary collaboration increase, there is greater pressure on basic research to supply a quick return on investment (ROI). The emergence and development of digital information technologies in the new millennium have inspired a new look at how research outputs are managed and disseminated. The driving question in the minds of many research funders is this—will lowering the barriers for access increase the value of research for the greater society? This is a particularly interesting question to consider for measurement data, the greater amount of which are scattered across millions of separate, fixed publications (not to mention those never published and lingering in file drawers and on hard drives). Can the advent of cloud technologies, exchange standards, and provenance tracking facilitate improved access, evaluation, and use of data for both research and commerce? Can new value and discovery be realized through the greater aggregation of measured scientific data as “Big Data”?
The Future of Chemical Information Is Now
Authors: Williams Antony J. , Pence Harry E.
Published: June 2017

Search and retrieval of chemical information has been dramatically changed by the application of “Big Data” techniques. This development continues to be driven by the massive growth of chemical scientific literature and of online data and databases. Not only is there an expansion of the traditional avenues of publication, but many new contributing resources, such as open access journals, MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses), Wikis, and blogs have arisen. Powerful tools, like APIs (application programming interfaces) and Big Data interrogation are providing innovative ways to retrieve and analyze data and connect different databases. Materials, pharmaceutical, and environmental research, to name just a few, are especially challenged by the need to organize and access vast amounts of data. What skill-sets will need to be developed in order to get the greatest value out of the available data? Will it be coding and information technology skills, or awareness and better delivery of the data by the available systems? We believe that, in the short term, efforts are needed to expand awareness and training.
Are We Nearly There Yet?
Authors: Coles Simon
Published: June 2017

When contemplating the subject of sharing knowledge in academia, I am particularly drawn to the following statements in a monologue on the “The Social Function of Science”: The present method of publication…has the following deficiencies:
Managing Standards and Critical Evaluation in a World of Big Data
Authors: Hibbert D. Brynn , Shaw David , Magalhães M. Clara F.
Published: June 2017

IUPAC is very interested in data, big or small. Its web site opens with the statement, “The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is the world authority on … many other critically-evaluated data.” While the ‘…’ covers compelling and widely popular topics, such as naming new elements, the mission of IUPAC to give its imprimatur for chemical data is of great importance to health, security, and trade in the world. In this article, after a review of present activities, we will contemplate how a comprehensive approach might be structured under IUPAC project rules and then look to the future in a world of ‘big data’ and ‘smart instruments’.
Primary Research Data and Scholarly Communication
Authors: Martinsen David
Published: June 2017

One of the questions that scholarly publishers have faced as a result of the increasing interest in research data is the relationship of journal articles to the research data behind those articles. From the 1970s forward, journals in the physical sciences published research data in the form of supplemental materials. Due to economic considerations and the sheer volume of data, this supplemental material was generally distributed in microform. In the late 1990s, some publishers began experimenting with digital distribution of research data. By the early 2000s, the volume of research data being submitted was causing problems for editors and reviewers. This tension was captured well in an editorial by Emilie Marcus in Cell in 2009. [1]
From Experiments to Knowledge
Authors: Bruno Ian
Published: June 2017

The Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) provides a platform for sharing data generated from X-ray and neutron diffraction experiments. [1] It contains experimental determinations of the 3D structures of over 850 000 small organic and metal-organic compounds. In recent years, the rate of growth of the CSD has shown an upward trend, with over 80 000 datasets deposited in 2016. Collectively, these datasets constitute a rich resource of information about 3D molecular structure. Knowledge derived from the CSD is used by academic and industrial scientists worldwide to help address scientific challenges across a range of domains.
Supporting Information Review and Data Analysis at Organic Letters
Authors: Hunter Angela M.
Published: June 2017

In an era where research data is readily accessible during the peer review process, several obstacles persist in verifying the data required for publication. While Supporting Information (SI) for all American Chemical Society (ACS) journals is freely available, there is no standardized review process, and errors frequently linger, despite peer review. The SI for submitted manuscripts routinely contains missing or incorrect data, as well as inconsistencies between the submitted manuscript and the SI. While rare, issues of data manipulation, including digitally altered spectra, and plagiarism have been identified. [1] For the past five years at the ACS journal Organic Letters, the SI for all manuscripts has been reviewed by a data analyst to ensure compliance with author guidelines and to allow authors to address missing data and/or data inconsistencies prior to publication.
Some relations between Hodge numbers and invariant complex structures on compact nilmanifolds
Authors: Yamada Takumi
Published: June 2017

Let N be a simply connected real nilpotent Lie group, n its Lie algebra, and € a lattice in N. If a left-invariant complex structure on N is Γ-rational, then HƏ̄
s,t(Γ/N) ≃ HƏ̄
s,t(nC) for each s; t. We can construct different left-invariant complex structures on one nilpotent Lie group by using the complexification and the scalar restriction. We investigate relationships to Hodge numbers of associated compact complex nilmanifolds.
Cellular and plasma nitrite levels in myeloid leukemia: a pathogenetic decrease
Authors: Jain Mili , Kumar Ashutosh , Singh Uma Shankar , Kushwaha Rashmi , Singh Abhishek Kumar , Dikshit Madhu , Tripathi Anil Kumar
Published: June 2017

Nitric oxide (NO) has a contributory role in hemopoietic cell growth and differentiation. The effects of NO on leukemic cell growth have been predominantly studied inin vitrosettings. This study was done to assess the alterations in nitrite level in myeloid leukemias. Thirty-six newly diagnosed cases of myeloid leukemia (16 AML and 20 CML) were enrolled in the study. Neutrophil precursors from the marrow aspirate and peripheral blood were separated into cell bands using the Percoll density gradient method of Borregard and Cowland. The blood plasma and marrow fluid was also collected. Nitrite (stable non-volatile end product of NO) was estimated in the cell bands, blood plasma and marrow fluid using Griess reagent. The mean nitrite level in all cell bands from peripheral blood, bone marrow, blood plasma, and marrow fluid of cases was significantly lower as compared to corresponding value in the controls. No significant difference between AML and CML was seen. On follow-up, analysis of 13 CML patients higher nitrite levels were seen (p>0.05). The significant decrease in nitrite levels in myeloid leukemia suggests a decrease in nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity. Further work may unfold molecular targets for therapeutic role of NO modulators.
Reactive nitrogen species (RNS)-resistant microbes: adaptation and medical implications
Authors: Tharmalingam Sujeenthar , Alhasawi Azhar , Appanna Varun P. , Lemire Joe , Appanna Vasu D.
Published: June 2017

Nitrosative stress results from an increase in reactive nitrogen species (RNS) within the cell. Though the RNS – nitric oxide (·NO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO−) – play pivotal physiological roles, at elevated concentrations, these moieties can be poisonous to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells alike due to their capacity to disrupt a variety of essential biological processes. Numerous microbes are known to adapt to nitrosative stress by elaborating intricate strategies aimed at neutralizing RNS. In this review, we will discuss both the enzymatic systems dedicated to the elimination of RNS as well as the metabolic networks that are tailored to generate RNS-detoxifying metabolites – α-keto-acids. The latter has been demonstrated to nullify RNS via non-enzymatic decarboxylation resulting in the production of a carboxylic acid, many of which are potent signaling molecules. Furthermore, as aerobic energy production is severely impeded during nitrosative stress, alternative ATP-generating modules will be explored. To that end, a holistic understanding of the molecular adaptation to nitrosative stress, reinforces the notion that neutralization of toxicants necessitates significant metabolic reconfiguration to facilitate cell survival. As the alarming rise in antimicrobial resistant pathogens continues unabated, this review will also discuss the potential for developing therapies that target the alternative ATP-generating machinery of bacteria.
On the Epistemic Status of Absolute Space: Kant’s Directions in Space Read from the Standpoint of his Critical Period
Authors: Kauark-Leite Patricia
Published: June 2017

Contrary to what is usually assumed, I argue that the concept of absolute space at work in Kant’s 1768 pre-Critical text,
F1 style MGU-H applied to the turbocharger of a gasoline hybrid electric passenger car
Authors: Boretti Albert
Published: June 2017

We consider a turbocharged gasoline direct injection (DI) engine featuring a motor-generator-unit (MGU-H) fitted on the turbocharger shaft. The MGU-H receives or delivers energy to the same energy storage (ES) of the hybrid power unit that comprises a motor-generator unit on the driveline (MGU-K) in addition to the internal combustion engine (ICE). The energy supply from the ES is mostly needed during sharp accelerations to avoid turbo-lag, and to boost torque at low speeds. At low speeds, it also improves the ratio of engine crankshaft power to fuel flow power, as well as the ratio of engine crankshaft plus turbocharger shaft power to fuel flow power. The energy supply to the ES is possible at high speeds and loads, where otherwise the turbine could have been waste gated, and during decelerations. This improves the ratio of engine crankshaft plus turbocharger shaft power to fuel flow power.
Strategies for the development of the sweetpotato early generation seed sector in eastern and southern Africa
Authors: Rajendran Srinivasulu , Kimenye Lydia N. , McEwan Margaret
Published: June 2017

Smallholders in Eastern and Southern Africa(ESA) have limited access to timely availability of quality sweetpotato seed which contributes to sub-optimal root yields. To enhance availability and access to quality seed it is necessary to link formal plant breeding efforts to a sustainable seed supply system by means of identifying business opportunities for sweetpotato Early Generation Seed (EGS) producers. In most ESA countries, public institutions have the sole mandate for EGS production, but have not adopted an explicit business orientation. The study used primary information collected from business plans prepared by eight National Agricultural Research Institutions(NARIs) in seven countries in ESA. This study first analyzed the overall business opportunities for public institutions using a Strengths, Weaknesses Opportunities, and Threats(SWOT) tool and then a Threats, Opportunities, Weaknesses and Strengths (TOWS) approach was used to transform the SWOT results into strategies for the further development of the early generation seed sector. It was concluded that over a five to ten year period, the NARIs do have a business case for production of sweetpotato EGS. However, to capitalise on this NARIs and policy makers need to take up there commendations from the TOWS analysis to refine strategies for exploiting opportunities in the business environment and for mitigating weaknesses to reduce vulnerability to any identified threats to the potential business in EGS.
Blending type approximation by Stancu-Kantorovich operators based on Pólya-Eggenberger distribution
Authors: Kajla Arun , Araci Serkan
Published: June 2017

In the paper the authors introduce the Kantorovich variant of Stancu operators based on Pólya-Eggenberger distribution. By making use of this new operator, we obtain some indispensable auxiliary results. We also deal with a Voronovskaja type asymptotic formula and some estimates of the rate of approximation involving modulus of smoothness, such as Ditzian-Totik modulus of smoothness. The rate of convergence for differential functions whose derivatives are bounded is also obtained.