bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desafios à prática jornalística e representações sociais nas mídias
Authors: Soares Rosana , Limberto Andrea
Published: November 2015

A presente edição de RuMoRes, revista científica online dedicada aos estudos de comunicação, linguagem e mídias, tem a oportunidade editorial de entregar um variado conjunto de textos em torno da prática jornalística, que se espalham desde o Dossiê Desafios teórico-metodológicos para o estudo do jornalismo, reunindo textos apresentados no âmbito do 10º congresso da Associação Brasileira de Pesquisadores em Jornalismo, àqueles do corpo da edição. Olhados em conjunto, esses artigos desafiam a prática jornalística em sua riqueza simbólica ao tentar desenhar seus contornos com outras áreas do conhecimento e com outras práticas de saber, seja na associação ou no confronto com elas.
Jornalismo e estudos culturais: a contribuição de Jesús Martín-Barbero
Authors: Felippi Ângela , Escosteguy Ana Carolina
Published: November 2015

O artigo apresenta uma abordagem teórica e metodológica do jornalismo a partir dos estudos culturais. A proposição trata o jornalismo a partir de uma perspectiva cultural, levando em conta a integralidade do circuito comunicativo – produção, texto e consumo. Como exemplo de um protocolo metodológico desse tipo, toma-se o mapa noturno de Jesús Martín-Barbero (2003), no qual o olhar científico sobre o jornalismo é feito abordando o processo comunicacional e suas mediações, ou seja, na sua totalidade e complexidade. Como conclusão, tem-se a reivindicação de uma análise cultural do jornalismo mais como um desafio teórico do que efetivamente um modelo metodológico a ser seguido.
Identidades e representações nos sistemas midiáticos (in)formativos: a charge e a construção da imagem do Outro
Authors: Oliveira Eliane , Santos Renata De Paula , Borges Rosane Da Silva
Published: November 2015

Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre o papel das visualidades no processo de construção e reconstrução das identidades fluidas que nos habitam. Trata-se, portanto, de um artigo que enfrenta o desafio de pôr em relevo algumas nuances da produção e reprodução das identidades, tomando por base charges informativas, e de escandir tópicos relacionados ao processo das identificações que deriva de um imaginário que projeta representações. Tais discussões são oriundas de estudos empreendidos com pesquisadoras do mestrado em Comunicação da Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL). Entre os autores que norteiam a pesquisa, destacam-se, no campo da charge, L. Teixeira (2005) e, nas questões da identidade e representação, D. Kellner (2001), S. Moscovici (2003), R. Stam com E. Shohat (2005) e S. Hall (1997; 2001).
A inserção dos sujeitos educacionais em processos midiáticos: usos/interações em discursos na construção de conhecimento para a produção acadêmica mediada pela internet
Authors: Silva Reia Silvia Rios Magalhães e
Published: November 2015

A partir das tecnologias e do processo de midiatização da sociedade contemporânea, o texto traz algumas reflexões acerca dos dados de uma pesquisa preliminar de doutorado que tem como objetivo central analisar usos e contextos, por meio dos discursos, das práticas de interações dos sujeitos educacionais com a internet na produção acadêmica. Para fins do artigo, tentou-se cruzar as concepções e proposições teóricas sobre os fenômenos das novas tecnologias e da sociedade em midiatização com os dados empíricos obtidos por meio das técnicas de questionário e de entrevista aplicadas com docentes e discentes participantes de grupos e núcleos de pesquisa do curso de serviço social da Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI).
Narrativas midiáticas como catalisadoras de controvérsias públicas
Authors: Lelo Thales Vilela
Published: November 2015

O propósito deste artigo é o de avaliar a forma como determinadas narrativas midiáticas se concentram em destacar e instituir situações particulares de controvérsia pública em suas tramas. Frisando a importância de uma semiologia das mídias orientada para os contextos de enunciação, serão efetuadas análises de dois objetos recortados do universo do audiovisual, tomando por base a ideia de componente narrativo de controvérsias políticas presente nas discussões de Alain Bovet e Cédric Terzi. Através desta orientação, pretende-se destacar a maneira como estas tramas são elaboradas, convocando um trabalho de sensibilização para o fator de indignação apontado nelas e instigando a percepção das mesmas na cena pública através da atividade de interlocução emocional.
Da literatura ao cinema, anotações sobre a “dialética da malandragem”
Authors: Paiva Samuel
Published: November 2015

Partindo do ensaio “Dialética da malandragem” (1970), de Antonio Candido, que se detém no romance Memórias de um sargento de milícias (1854), de Manuel Antônio de Almeida, este texto procura observar prováveis linhas de coerência que podem fazer repercutir a figura do “malandro” da literatura ao cinema, mais precisamente considerando filmes de estrada brasileiros como Iracema, uma transa amazônica (Jorge Bodanzky e Orlando Senna, 1974), Bye bye Brasil (Carlos Diegues, 1979) e Deus é brasileiro (Carlos Diegues, 2003).
Os miseráveis de Victor Hugo: a invisibilidade através do nome
Authors: Gomide Glória
Published: November 2015

Os miseráveis de Victor Hugo, de 1862, é uma das obras mais adaptadas para outros suportes. Neste trabalho se quer demonstrar que a invisibilidade das personagens é paradoxalmente revelada pela mudança de seus nomes, os quais se transformam dependendo das oportunidades de se amalgamar na multidão. As alcunhas adotadas são apropriadas às situações dramáticas desenvolvidas na obra e nas adaptações, desde a arte sequencial a adaptações operísticas e cinematográficas. E se Os miseráveis é uma obra do século XIX, vê-se que, ainda hoje, é ecoada em personagens reais, que têm ceifadas suas vidas por causa de crimes primários e, ao contrário do anonimato, se escondem através de novas identidades na multidão contemporânea.
Entre lideranças e “caras tapadas”: a grande imprensa contra o anonimato dos manifestantes
Authors: Pinheiro Carlos Henrique
Published: November 2015

Este artigo busca refletir sobre o discurso midiático que atribui a função de liderança a alguns manifestantes nos movimentos de junho de 2013, em oposição ao discurso do próprio movimento, que diz de sua horizontalidade e ausência de líderes. Para Raymond Williams (2007), o conceito de massa possui duas conotações: designa modernamente a multidão, “baixa, ignorante, instável”, e descreve as mesmas pessoas, mas vistas como uma força social positiva. Ao tratar as manifestações como um movimento de massas, de maneira negativa, e ao outorgar liderança a alguns escolhidos, a mídia tradicional atualiza o medo da multidão, expresso no pensamento moderno, como veremos com Coli (2010) e Torres (2013).
Ideologia do empreendedorismo social: representações do trabalho em tempos de crise do Estado Social português
Authors: Casaqui Vander
Published: November 2015

No contexto do novo espírito do capitalismo (BOLTANSKI; CHIAPELLO), bem como da crise da identidade laboral (DUBAR), temos como objeto deste estudo os discursos sobre o empreendedorismo social extraídos de sites de organizações portuguesas como o Instituto do empreendedorismo social (IES), e de projetos como o Mapa da inovação e empreendedorismo social (MIES), apoiado pela Comissão Europeia. O objetivo é compreender as estratégias discursivas e deslizamentos de sentido em torno do papel do empreendedor social no cenário português contemporâneo. A metodologia está baseada na abordagem teórico-metodológica da Análise de Discurso de linha francesa e na filosofia da linguagem de Mikhail Bakhtin.
Identidades e regionalização nas minisséries brasileiras
Authors: Muanis Felipe De Castro
Published: November 2015

Minisséries de televisão no Brasil tendem a ser espaços mais abertos à experimentação. Ainda assim, tanto sua produção quanto suas temáticas focam preferencialmente no sudeste e nos espaços urbanos, expondo um lado conservador. A raiz desse problema é a dificuldade em regionalizar a produção, algo que é essencial para pensar uma televisão de qualidade no Brasil. A partir das singularidades das minisséries O canto da sereia, Natália e A pedra do reino, pretende-se discutir, neste artigo, como pano de fundo, a necessidade de se regionalizar a produção de minisséries brasileiras para que haja uma reconstituição identitária real, que reflita a pluralidade brasileira e não apenas a da região sudeste, e para que seja possível uma produção e recepção multilateral.
As práticas culturais no Central da periferia: características e argumentos de valor
Authors: Prado Denise Figueiredo Barros do
Published: November 2015

Apresentamos, aqui, como são realizadas a caracterização e a construção do valor das práticas culturais de grupos considerados periféricos no projeto Central da periferia. Percebemos que a caracterização das práticas culturais apresentadas revela elementos como o enraizamento no cotidiano, a forte ligação com a comunidade local, o surgimento de um sistema alternativo de circulação de suas produções, seu potencial expressivo e a presença das tecnologias midiáticas no cerne da cadeia produtiva. Associado a isso, os argumentos que alicerçam o valor cultural de tais práticas assentam-se, principalmente, sobre as potencialidades que essas práticas têm de alterarem as condições materiais de vida, os padrões de ação e de serem dotadas de potencial expressivo.
Modos de interação e processos cognitivos na TV Social
Authors: Almeida Melissa Ribeiro
Published: November 2015

O artigo propõe a análise dos processos cognitivos e dos modos de interação desenvolvidos na TV Social, forma de recepção televisiva que combina a experiência de ver TV com a de navegar simultaneamente na Internet, interagindo em redes sociais. A investigação parte de uma perspectiva de “cognição ampliada”, que entende a cognição não como um processo exclusivo da mente dos indivíduos, mas que envolve os dispositivos técnicos utilizados, os ambientes e as interações realizadas entre pessoas e grupos sociais. Toma-se, como objeto de análise, o site de medição de audiência televisiva brasileira em mídias sociais Tv square.
A corrosão do relato falocêntrico em A favorita e Avenida Brasil: vestígios de um certo Almodóvar?
Authors: Fischer Sandra
Published: November 2015

Este artigo retoma a noção da corrosão do relato falocêntrico no cinema de Pedro Almodóvar, de Eduardo Peñuela Cañizal, com o propósito de discutir estratégias e procedimentos narrativos responsáveis por inovações temáticas e estéticas apresentadas nas telenovelas brasileiras A favorita (2008/2009) e Avenida Brasil (2012), ambas de autoria de João Emanuel Carneiro, produzidas e veiculadas pela Rede Globo de Televisão. O estudo considera aspectos atinentes à questão da discussão e da representação dos lugares e papéis nas relações de gênero e no âmbito da família, e aos valores a eles vinculados; a análise concentra-se em alterações de ordem narrativa e em transformações topológicas que promovem desestabilizações, subversões e consequentes modificações nos papéis tradicionais e nas articulações diegéticas que permeiam a produção ficcional na televisão e suas relações com a realidade do panorama cultural, político e socioeconômico do Brasil contemporâneo.
Memórias inscritas nas imagens
Authors: Gomes Mayra Rodrigues
Published: November 2015

Escrito a título de homenagem, o presente artigo se inscreve, apropriadamente, como memória, a partir dos dois registros com que a preservamos: o do contato pessoal e o do contato intelectual que se tece, frequentemente, das fibras de ideias, conhecimentos e panoramas compartilhados. Presentemente, faço uma mixagem entre a vivência, a produção textual do passado e aquilo que hoje experimento como tendo sido refletida nela. Memória é isso, sempre uma fusão, como a que acaba de surgir na montagem deste texto.
O bruxo solto: recepção crítica da microssérie Capitu
Authors: Magalhães Luiz Antonio Mousinho
Published: November 2015

O artigo aborda dados da microssérie Capitu, observando aspectos de sua recepção crítica, com ênfase para a crítica jornalística, além de questões dialógicas relacionadas à estrutura da obra. Nele damos especial atenção à crítica, mas também observamos outros gêneros jornalísticos que abordaram a circulação do produto audiovisual, com enfoque mais informativo. Da mesma forma, estaremos atentos à recorrência nos textos do debate em torno da audiência e comunicabilidade da obra, bem como sobre a relação do audiovisual com o texto-fonte.
Uma ponte teórica entre o passado e o futuro do livro
Authors: Moraes André Carlos
Published: November 2015

Resenha do livro BREDEHOFT, Thomas A. The visible text: textual production and reproduction from Beowulf to Maus. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.
Flora da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais: Passifloraceae
Authors: Vitta Fabio Augusto , Pirani José Rubens
Published: November 2015

Este estudo é parte do projeto “Flora da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais”. Na área, as Annonaceae são representadas por Passiflora alata, P. cincinnata, P. clathrata, P. haematostigma, P. hypoglauca, P. miersii, P. misera, P. pohlii, P. porophylla, P. speciosa e P. villosa. São apresentados chaves para gêneros e espécies, descrições, ilustrações e comentários sobre distribuição geográfica, fenologia e variabilidade das espécies
The Saint as an Astute Heroine
Authors: Bossu Annelies , De Temmerman Koen , Praet Danny
Published: November 2015

This article provides a detailed analysis of character construction in the fifth centurypassio Caeciliae(Bibliotheca Hagiographica Latina1495 – 1495a – 1496). Our analysis sets out to challenge the general assumption that character construction in the late antique passions can correctly be described in terms of stereotypes. Thepassio Caeciliaeappeals to and inverts reader expectations based upon traditional patterns in erotic narrative. We also argue that it individuates the different characters (Caecilia and her fellow martyrs) by documenting one specific area of their representation, namely rhetorical ability. In this thematic area, Caecilia is set apart from her husband Valerianus: unlike him, she displays elaborate rhetorical aptitude which allows her to obtain the dominant position in the marriage and to achieve her aims. But the art of rhetoric is also a skill that can be learned as is shown by the character of Valerianus whose rhetorical approach changes in the course of the passion. Our analysis suggests that this passion from a literary point of view constitutes a more interesting text than is generally assumed.
Scraps of Home
Authors: Jauhola Marjaana
Published: November 2015

Global vulnerability to natural hazards has increased in recent years but, as they represent complex intersection of social, political and economic factors, their impacts do not affect people equally. Simultaneously, a paradigm of “build back better” has emerged as a global agenda to promote resilience and continuum of relief, recovery and longer-term development. This article offers insights into the complexities of rebuilding by focusing on personal narratives collected between 2012 and 2015 in the aftermath of the December 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and ensuing tsunami. It offers seven accounts of how lived and embodied experiences of home and belonging in the post-disaster city of Banda Aceh offer modes of contestation for the concept of an Aceh that “is built back better”. Following the lives of people through their everyday experiences offers insights into the relations of power and the potential structures of violence that are embedded in the aftermath: layered exiles and displacement; hidden narratives of violence and grief; struggles over gendered expectations of being a good and respectable woman and man; the hierarchical political economy of post-conflict and tsunami reconstruction; and multiple ways of arranging lives and remembrance, cherishing loved ones and forming caring and loving relationships outside the normative notions of nuclear family and home.
Authoritative Images
Authors: Canadelli Elena
Published: November 2015

The first exemplar of a kiwi, the wingless bird of New Zealand, arrived in the form of a lifeless specimen in Europe in 1812. A debate was sparked over the appearance and nature of this strange creature and indeed whether it actually existed. In 1833 the Transactions of the Zoological Society of London entered the debate and the illustrations published in this journal contributed greatly to the acceptance and further study of the kiwi. Some of the most eminent British zoologists and anatomists of the time were involved, from William Yarrell to Richard Owen, and from John Gould to Abraham Dee Bartlett. This crucial period in the discussion, which would extend over two decades and would only be brought to a close with the arrival of the first living specimen in the London Zoological Garden in 1851, will be analyzed based on a detailed examination of the reports published in the Transactions and other journals. This essay will show how images of the bird were produced and used by zoologists during different stages in the early research on the bird and how these figures circulated inside and outside the zoologists’ community.
Chicago – Arcetri 1933
Authors: Barreca Francesco
Published: November 2015

On the evening of October 2, 1933 a most unusual event took place during the Century of Progress World Exposition in Chicago. To celebrate the visit of the renowned scientist Guglielmo Marconi and, by extension, the achievements of science in Italy, that night the lights of the fair were switched on using light emitted by the moon. This feat was realized thanks to the cooperation between the Radio Corporation of America (RCA), the Astronomical Observatory of Arcetri, and the Ente Italiano per le Audizioni Radiofoniche (EIAR). Its purpose was to illustrate – by means of the towering figures of Galileo and Marconi – the past and present greatness of Italian science.
Illustrating Pathologies in the First Years of the Miscellanea Curiosa, 1670–1687
Authors: Conforti Maria
Published: November 2015

The Miscellanea Curiosa, sive Ephemeridum Medico-Physicarum Germanicarum, the learned periodical published in different German cities under the aegis of the Academia Leopoldina Naturae Curiosorum, contained many cases of an anatomical nature. The Miscellanea Curiosa in its first years actively participated in the development of anatomia practica, the anatomical practice of observing the signs of diseases in cadavers and connecting them to what had been observed at the bedside. The illustrations that accompanied the post-mortem reports published in the Miscellanea Curiosa allow one to assess the evolution of the pathological illustration itself. This article is thus intended to serve as a contribution to the rediscovery of the origins of this visual genre. A learned journal like the Miscellanea Curiosa, which appeared regularly, provided an ideal venue for the process of accumulating, cross-referencing and – in the final analysis – selecting, serializing and systematizing the knowledge that would form the foundations of modern pathology, by providing a wealth of evidence and images observed at the dissection table.
Déjà vu All Over Again and Peacekeeping Reform?
Authors: Renn Duu (Jason) , Diehl Paul F.
Published: November 2015

In June 2015, a special un panel issued the latest in a series of reports on the reform of un peace operations. The report includes a large number of recommendations that constitute major policy changes as well as those concerned with addressed administrative and disciplinary problems associated with peacekeeping deployment. This article focuses on four significant sets of recommendations dealing with the former set: mandate reform, expanding collaborative activities with other actors, taking preventive action, and accelerating rapid reaction. For each of these, we discuss some of the barriers to implementation and associated limitations. The conclusion is that the suggested reforms might be adopted on an inconsistent and case-by-case basis with the risk that they will appear once again in a future un report.
Assessing the Quality of Training
Authors: Sigri Unsal , Basar Ufuk
Published: November 2015

The purpose of this study is to investigate the extent to which qualified training was given to trainees of Armed Forces of Bosnia & Herzegovina by trainers of eufor Operation Althea. To that end data were collected from 135 trainees. Differences between trainees’ expectations from and perceptions of training were assessed. Results indicated that training was responsive and empathetic, on the other hand not tangible, reliable and sure enough according to trainees. Findings suggest that in order to create desired effects on trainees, within scope of peacekeeping operations, trainers should be knowledgeable and accurate. In addition, a proper learning atmosphere should be provided.
Shin Buddhism and Gender
Authors: Heidegger Simone
Published: November 2015

In the two main branches of Jōdo Shinshū (or Shin Buddhism), the Ōtani-ha and the Honganji-ha, a movement toward gender equality emerged in the 1980s. This movement and its development have brought about internal discussions on discrimination against women and an increasing awareness of gender issues, as well as concrete reforms of institutional laws. In the Ōtani-ha, a ruling that explicitly excluded women from becoming temple chief priests (jūshoku) led to protests and petitions by the association of chief priests’ wives and resulted in the establishment of the “Women’s Association to Consider Gender Discrimination in the Ōtani-ha.” Although the Honganji-ha has formally accepted female chief priests since 1946, the definition of the role of the bōmori (lit. temple guardian) as the temple chief priest’s wife suggested hierarchical gender roles, which also stimulated demands for reforms. This article shows the forms of gender discrimination which have been the focus of debates and discussions. Here, I present the reforms and changes that have been achieved over the past few decades and examine the reasons and influences that were instrumental during this process. In this context, I analyze the arguments used by both the reform-oriented and the conservative sides of the issue, and I also explore the relationship of this gender discrimination discourse to earlier Shin Buddhist social developments, such as internal reform movements and efforts to combat discrimination against burakumin.
Christian Feminism in Japan
Authors: Sonntag Mira
Published: November 2015

By analyzing video interviews with proponents of Christian feminism, as well as literature stemming from their movement in Japan, this article explores the contemporary approaches of Japanese women to theology and practical faith. While tracing their discourses over the last sixty years, the article focuses on the existing variety of perspectives, as well as on the problems that have emerged from the intentional embrace of multiple voices. Drawing on Deleuze and Guattari, I identify “majoritarian” tendencies in these feminist approaches. However, the sources used here also show that Christian feminism in Japan has considerable potential for “becoming-minoritarian.” Furthermore, I argue that the situation of Christian feminism differs from those of feminist movements in the major religions of Japan in so far as Christian feminists comprise a sub-minority of a religious minority that naturally needs to reach out to other minority groups, both within and outside Christian feminism. At the same time, these attempts at outreach tend to provoke criticism from fellow Christian believers, reinforcing the marginalization of Christian feminism in Japan.
Children of Buddha, or Caretakers of Women?
Authors: Schrimpf Monika
Published: November 2015

This paper deals with the self-understandings of ordained Buddhist women (nisō 尼僧, ama 尼) in contemporary Japan. Their situation is characterized by discrimination and limited access to clerical positions on the one hand and, with the exception of monastic nuns, by their lack of a clearly defined role on the other. Although the training required to attain the status of a fully ordained cleric is firmly regulated by each Buddhist school, ordained women’s subsequent way of life is not. They may be married and have their own families. They may be the head priestess of a temple, the wife of a temple priest, or work in a temple. They may live according to Buddhist precepts in private, or have secular jobs. Under these conditions, ordained women have found ways of empowering themselves by interpreting their role in accordance with their social contexts and by re-evaluating conservative conceptions of gender.
The diversity of lexical functions in Bulgarian and Russian: an approach to compatible digital comparative lexicography
Authors: Timoshenko Svetlana , Shemanaeva Olga
Published: November 2015

The diversity of lexical functions in Bulgarian and Russian: an approach to compatible digital comparative lexicographyThis paper presents an approach to the creation of Russian-Bulgarian digital dictionary of collocations using the apparatus of lexical functions. The project is aimed not only at the high-quality translation and word sense disambiguation but also at the cross-linguistic analysis and at comparing the semantics and compatibility of the words in Slavic languages (here: Russian and Bulgarian) by means of digital lexicographical data. Another important application is computer-assisted language learning: Bulgarian data can be incorporated in the educational project being developed for Russian and English at the Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
MONDILEX – towards the research infrastructure for digital resources in Slavic lexicography
Authors: Dimitrova Ludmila , Koseska-Toszewa Violetta , Garabík Radovan , Erjavec Tomaž , Iomdin Leonid , Shyrokov Volodymyr
Published: November 2015

MONDILEX – towards the research infrastructure for digital resources in Slavic lexicographyThe paper presents activities of the EU project MONDILEX, Conceptual Modelling of Networking of Centres for High-Quality Research in Slavic Lexicography and their Digital Resources. The main objective of MONDILEX is to design the conceptual scheme of a research  infrastructure that supports the networking of centres for high-quality research in traditional and digital Slavic lexicography.
The Japanese-Slovene dictionary jaSlo: its development, enhancement and use
Authors: Hmeljak Sangawa Kristina , Erjavec Tomaž
Published: November 2015

The Japanese-Slovene dictionary jaSlo: its development, enhancement and useThe paper presents the on-line Japanese-Slovene dictionary jaSlo, in particular the ways in which it has been used, and how it has been extended with examples mined from a parallel corpus. The paper first describes jaSlo and the structure of its dictionary entry, its Web interface for searching, and an analysis of the access logs. The use of jaSlo in the context of the Japanese reading-support tool Reading Tutor is described next, again followed by an analysis of the access logs. Also discussed is the manner in which usage examples were added to the dictionary, and an evaluation of their usefulness. The paper concludes with directions for further work.
The Bulgarian-Polish-Russian parallel corpus
Authors: Duškin Maksim , Satoła-Staśkowiak Joanna
Published: November 2015

The Bulgarian-Polish-Russian parallel corpusThe Semantics Laboratory Team of Institute of Slavic Studies of Polish Academy of Sciences is planning to begin work on the creation of a Bulgarian-Polish-Russian parallel corpus. The three selected languages are representatives of the main groups of Slavic languages: Bulgarian represents the southern group of Slavic languages, Polish – the western group of Slavic languages, Russian – the eastern group of Slavic languages. Our project will be the first parallel corpus of these three languages. The planned corpus will be based on material, dating from one period (the 20th century) and will have a synchronous nature. The project will not constitute the sum of the separate corpora of selected languages.One of the problems with creating multilingual parallel corpora are different proportions of translated texts between the selected languages, for example, Polish literature is often translated into Bulgarian, but not vice versa.Bulgarian, Russian and Polish differ typologically – Bulgarian is an analytic language, Polish and Russian are synthetic. The parallel corpus should have compatible annotation, while taking into account the characteristic features of the selected languages.We hope that the Bulgarian-Polish-Russian parallel corpus will serve as a source of linguistic material of contrastive language studies and may prove to be a big help for linguists, translators, terminologists and students of linguistics. The results of our work will be available on the Internet.
The linguistic aspect of strategic framing in modern political campaigns
Authors: Pluwak Agnieszka
Published: November 2015

The linguistic aspect of strategic framing in modern political campaignsThe following article describes the role of semantics in political marketing, emphasizing the mechanism of framing and perspectivising in discourse. The complexity of the framing process is discussed in the introduction, then the linguistic aspect of political framing is debated and the technique of wording formulation in political discourse analyzed. Finally, implications and conclusions for further research are presented. Examples of political framing provided within the paper are based on the analysis of contemporary public discourses.
Un modèle d’analyse de structures situationnelles de discours
Authors: Miczka Ewa
Published: November 2015

A model for the analysis of situational discourse structuresIn this paper the author presents a model for the analysis of situational discourse structures applied to fait divers. Situational structures of discourse are defined as a sequence of experiential frames. Each frame permits to conceptualize one event forming a part of information introduced in discourse. The proposed model permits to analyze (1) the internal structure of experiencial frames activated in discours and (2) possible relations between frames identified in discourse. The author aims to present the role of situational structures in discourse comprehension – the process which implicates creation of discourse representation.
Shallow syntactic annotation in the corpus of Wrocław University of Technology
Authors: Radziszewski Adam , Maziarz Marek , Wieczorek Jan
Published: November 2015

Shallow syntactic annotation in the corpus of Wrocław University of TechnologyIn this paper we present shallow syntactic annotation of The Wrocław University of Technology Corpus. We discuss some theoretical and practical considerations related to shallow parsing of Polish, then we present our annotation guidelines. The proposed annotation scheme includes chunking – four chunk types are defined with reference to the notion of accommodation and syntactic connotation, as well as annotation of four inter-chunk predicate-argument relations. Until now almost 18k chunk and 4k relation instances have been annotated. We believe that both the corpus and the annotation guideliness will prove their applicability in construction of automatic shallow parsers.
Does an Intrinsic Source Generate a Shared Low-Frequency Signature in Earth’s Climate and Rotation Rate?
Authors: Marcus Steven L.
Published: November 2015

Previous studies have shown strong negative correlation between multidecadal signatures in length of day (LOD)—an inverse measure of Earth’s rotational rate—and various climate indices. Mechanisms remain elusive. Climate processes are insufficient to explain observed rotational variability, leading many to hypothesize external (astronomical) forcing as a common source for observed low-frequency signatures. Here, an internal source, a core-to-climate, one-way chain of causality, is hypothesized. To test hypothesis feasibility, a recently published, model-estimated forced component is removed from an observed dataset of Northern Hemisphere (NH) surface temperatures to isolate the intrinsic component of climate variability, enhancing its comparison with LOD. To further explore the rotational connection to climate indices, the LOD anomaly record is compared with sea surface temperatures (SSTs)—global and regional. Because climate variability is most intensely expressed in the North Atlantic sector, LOD is compared to the dominant oceanic pattern there—the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO). Results reveal that the LOD-related signal is more global than regional, being greater in the global SST record than in the AMO or in global-mean (land + ocean) or land-only surface temperatures. Furthermore, the strong (4σ) correlation of LOD with the estimated NH intrinsic component is consistent with the view proffered here, one of an internally generated, core-to-climate process imprinted on both the climate and Earth’s rotational rate. While the exact mechanism is not elucidated by this study’s results, reported correlations of geomagnetic and volcanic activity with LOD offer prospects to explain observations in the context of a core-to-climate chain of causality.
Dynamics of the Changing Near-Inertial Internal Wave Field in the Arctic Ocean
Authors: Dosser Hayley V. , Rainville Luc
Published: November 2015

The dynamics of the wind-generated near-inertial internal wave field in the Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean are investigated using the drifting Ice-Tethered Profiler dataset for the years 2005 to 2014, during a decade when sea ice extent and thickness decreased dramatically. This time series, with nearly 10 years of measurements and broad spatial coverage, is used to quantify a seasonal cycle and interannual trend for internal waves in the Arctic, using estimates of the amplitude of near-inertial waves derived from isopycnal displacements. The internal wave field is found to be most energetic in summer when sea ice is at a minimum, with a second maximum in early winter during the period of maximum wind speed. Amplitude distributions for the near-inertial waves are quantifiably different during summer and winter, due primarily to seasonal changes in sea ice properties that affect how the ice responds to the wind, which can be expressed through the “wind factor”—the ratio of sea ice drift speed to wind speed. A small positive interannual trend in near-inertial wave energy is linked to pronounced sea ice decline during the last decade. Overall variability in the internal wave field increases significantly over the second half of the record, with an increased probability of larger-than-average waves in both summer and winter. This change is linked to an overall increase in variability in the wind factor and sea ice drift speeds, and reflects a shift in year-round sea ice characteristics in the Arctic, with potential implications for dissipation and mixing associated with internal waves.
Association of β-Adrenergic Receptor Gene Polymorphisms With Acute Coronary Syndrome and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in an Arab Population
Authors: El-Menyar Ayman , Rizk Nasser M. , Asim Mohammad , Al-Thani Hassan , Elgendy Akram , Al-Suwaidi Jassim
Published: November 2015

We evaluated the association between beta-adrenergic receptor genes (ADRB1 and ADRB2) polymorphism, cardiovascular risk, and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in individuals from an Arab ethnicity. A total of 388 Qatari participants were assessed and genotyped for ADRB1 (rs1801252 & rs1801253) and ADRB2 (rs1042718 & rs1042713) polymorphisms using allele-specific PCR. Minor allele frequencies (MAF) in each single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) did not show statistically significant difference between cases and controls. A higher proportion of patients with ACS had homozygous minor alleles (GG) for rs1801253 (28.8% vs 17.1%; P = .019) compared with controls. Among cases with ACS, there was an association of minor allele frequency (G) for rs1801253 with severe coronary artery stenosis (0.485 vs 0.428; P = .04) than that of insignificant stenosis (<50% stenosis). There was a 3-fold increased risk of significant coronary stenosis in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and carrier of rs1801253 genotypes with dominant model ( P = .01) and recessive model ( P = .05). There is a possible synergic association between DM, carrier of ADRB1 (Arg389Gly) variants, and significant coronary artery stenosis among Arabs. Further prospective studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to support our findings.
Brain Stem Auditory Evoked Response
Authors: Kavanagh Kevin T. , Beardsley James V.
Published: November 2015

A developing method for testing auditory function and detecting neurological disorders is the brain stem auditory evoked response (BAER) to sound stimuli. Elicitation of the BAER is noninvasive and produces an objective measurement of a subject's auditory function. Basic principles of this technique and normative data are presented in this paper. It was found that the BAER can detect asymptomatic high-frequency hearing losses. The sensitivity of this technique makes it an ideal method for evaluating functional hearing losses. Two illustrations of functional hearing losses are presented. Wave V's threshold, latency and amplitude, along with comparisons between the auditory (subjective) and BAER threshold, are useful parameters when testing for nonorganic hearing disorders. However, this sensitivity to minor hearing losses makes it imperative that all control subjects be established as normal by an audiogram. A mere negative history for hearing disorders is felt by the authors to be an inadequate screening of control subjects.
Conductive Hearing Loss Effects on Children's Language and Scholastic Skills
Authors: Rapin Isabelle
Published: November 2015

A review of available studies investigating the consequences of conductive hearing loss for language acquisition and scholastic performance was carried out. It uncovered no study that met the standards of rigor needed to provide a definitive answer to this question, although the burden of the evidence is that a persistent mild hearing loss, especially if present since infancy, probably has a measurably deleterious effect on the language of most but not all children. Diagnostic criteria documenting the severity, age of occurrence and duration of middle ear effusions were lacking. Measures of the detrimental effects of conductive losses on linguistic skills frequently were limited to the number of grades children were retained in school, their reading or vocabulary level on achievement tests, or a comparison of their scores on the verbal and performance scales of intelligence tests. Very few studies followed the acquisition of language in affected children or examined its structure. Very few considered the interaction between the socioeconomic and cultural environment of the child and the consequences of his hearing loss. The review underscored the need for prospective multidisciplinary studies in order to evaluate the actual impact of this common pediatric problem.
Tracking Performance as a Function of Precision of Electrocutaneous Feedback Information
Authors: Schori Thomas R.
Published: November 2015

Although it has been demonstrated that cutaneous informational displays can be used effectively in certain types of systems, little is known of the characteristics of such displays that may affect performance. The present investigation was designed to determine which of three degrees of preciseness of electrocutaneous feedback information results in the most accurate tracking performance for each of two levels of task difficulty. Contrary to expectations, the most precise (continuous) error information did not result in the best performance. On both levels of task difficulty, the best performance resulted when error information of an intermediate precision was used.
The Effects of Restricted Preview on Driver Steering Control and Performance
Authors: McLean John R. , Hoffmann Errol R.
Published: November 2015

Driver steering control and performance were studied for straight-lane driving under conditions of restricted far-sight distance. The far-sight distance necessary for the driver to adequately align the car was found to be 70 ft. and was independent of vehicle speeds of 20 and 30 m.p.h. With far-sight distances beyond 70 ft., there was no improvement in driver steering performance. Spectral analysis of steering wheel angle showed peaks in the frequency range 0.1 to 0.3 Hz. The value of the peak frequency was affected by allowed preview time, where preview time was far-sight distance divided by vehicle speed. Cross-correlation analysis suggested that the peaks were associated with the driver's control of vehicle heading angle. Higher frequency peaks were observed in the range 0.35 to 0.6 Hz. These peaks were more likely to occur under conditions of severely reduced preview.
Goals and Performance in Computer Programming
Authors: Weinberg Gerald M. , Schulman Edward L.
Published: November 2015

In all studies of human performance, the experimenter must be certain that the subject is performing the task that the experimenter believes he has set; otherwise results become uninterpretable. Early studies of computer programming have shown such wide variations in individual performance that one might suspect that subjects differed in their interpretation of the task. Experiments are reported which show how programming performance can be strongly influenced by slight differences in performing objectives. Conclusions are drawn from these results regarding both future experimentation and management practices in computer programming.
Effects on Sustained Performance of 48 Hours of Continuous Work and Sleep Loss
Authors: Morgan Ben B. , Brown Bill R. , Alluisi Earl A.
Published: November 2015

The work efficiency of 10 subjects during a 48-hr period of continuous work and sleep loss was assessed using the synthetic-work technique. Performance during the period of stress was found to be significantly influenced by the circadian rhythm. Decrements first occurred after approximately 18 hr of continuous work, and performance decreased to an average of 82% of baseline during the early morning hours of the first night. Performance improved to about 90% of baseline during the daytime of the second day but decreased to approximately 67% during that night. All measures of performance recovered to baseline levels following a 24-hr period of rest and recovery.
Decision Processes of Baseball Batters
Authors: Newell K. M.
Published: November 2015

The human performance characteristics of pitching and batting within the context of baseball game situations are examined to determine their influence on the batter' decision to swing or not at a pitched ball. Signal detection theory techniques are used on generated data to show how the probability of the batter swinging at a “strike” and leaving a “ball” could be optimized. Applications of this approach to game situations and areas for future research are discussed.
Sport Participation—A Process of Shaping Behavior
Authors: Orlick T. D.
Published: November 2015

The purpose of this paper is to explore human environmental factors which appear to be directly related to one's decision to participate or not to participate in sport and physical recreation. More specifically, the paper is focused upon certain factors within the child's sports environment which have been shown to influence his attraction to or avoidance of sports participation. Three major behavioral determinants (role models, expectancies, and reinforcements) are examined and discussed. An attempt was made to obtain some information on the question of why, when given an equal opportunity, some children will participate in sport, while others will not.
Validation of a Laboratory Procedure for Simulating Critical Interval Overtaking
Authors: Stone Lewis W. , Ellingstad Vernon S.
Published: November 2015

The present study assessed the validity of a laboratory simulation of the car-passing task by means of canonical correlation techniques. Twelve experienced drivers observed filmed situations in the laboratory and actual situations on the road. A canonical correlation of .96 was obtained between the laboratory performance measures and the on-the-road criterion measures. It was found that 41% of the variability accounted for in the laboratory was redundant with 60% of that accounted for on the road. Application to driver education is emphasized.
Inspection of Sheet Materials — Model and Data
Authors: Drury Colin G.
Published: November 2015

In the inspection of sheet materials in industry, two interrelated tasks are involved: Visual search and decisionmaking. When these tasks have been studied separately, it has been found that both exhibit a speed/error trade-off. As more time is allowed for the task, errors usually decrease. However the speed/error trade-off in industrial inspection studies shows that, as time per item is increased, Type 2 errors (accepting faulty items) decrease while Type 1 (rejecting good items) errors actually increase. A model combining visual search and decision theory is postulated and tested on the inspection of flat glass for discrete faults. Separate experiments are performed to test the ability of inspectors to (1) search for and locate known defects in sheets of glass, and (2) decide whether a small fixated circular dot is above or below the standard required. The results of these two experiments are used to derive model parameters and the model used to predict performance in the factory situation. The model predicts the same change in errors with increasing time per item as results obtained previously in flat-glass inspection.
Cursor Positioning on an Electronic Display Using Lightpen, Lightgun, or Keyboard for Three Basic Tasks
Authors: Goodwin Nancy C.
Published: November 2015

Three basic tasks were designed to measure how fast a user could position a cursor at various locations on an electronic display. The tasks were arbitrary cursor positioning, sequential cursor positioning, and check-reading for errors. Three cursor positioning devices were tested. Both lightpen and lightgun permitted faster cursor positioning than a poorly designed keyboard. These pointing devices were four to five times faster than the keyboard for the arbitrary positioning task, and about twice as fast for the other tasks.
Motor Vehicle Exterior Lighting
Authors: Mortimer Rudolf G.
Published: November 2015

A review is made of recent research, primarily by the author and his colleagues, concerned with vehicle marking and signaling and headlighting. Insofar as vehicle marking and signaling is concerned, it was concluded that the most effective likely approach to the reduction of rear-end crashes would come from development of a suitable display of the speed of a vehicle which is visible to drivers of following vehicles. Further improvements in headlighting, other than polarization, which will be dependent upon concomitant reductions in errors in headlamp aim and alignment, can be expected to take the form of three-beam headlighting systems incorporating a low or city driving beam, a mid beam, and a high beam.
Field Independence, Intelligence, and Target Detection
Authors: Lintern Gavan
Published: November 2015

Results obtained by other experimenters have demonstrated positive relationships between target detection and field independence, and between target detection and intelligence. This experiment is a test of the generality of that earlier work. Soldiers were given the task of detecting stationary camouflaged mannequins in medium density jungle. Their detection scores were correlated with their scores on tests of field independence and intelligence. The data failed to support earlier reported findings.
Specialized Training versus Experience in Helicopter Navigation at Extremely Low Altitudes
Authors: Farrell John P. , Fineberg Michael L.
Published: November 2015

An experiment was performed to determine if navigation skills acquired in general helicopter flight transfer to extremely low levels and ifthe transfer could be matched by specialized training. Since the effects of extensive experience were matched by only 15 h of training, transfer may not be as extensive as generally assumed.