bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estabilidad de fluorescencia de dos resinas compuestas antes y después de su inmersión en una bebida carbonatada
Authors:   , Henriquez Castillo Brenda Anais
Published: January 2025

El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar la estabilidad de fluorescencia de dos resinas compuestas al inicio y después de 14 días sumergidas en una bebida carbonatada (Coca Cola). Se evaluaron 2 resinas compuestas: Palfique Lx5 y Tetric Ceram; se utilizó una matriz preformada para confeccionar 10 especimenes por grupo con respetivas medidas de 6 mm de diámetro y 2 de ancho. Dichos especimenes elaborados del material resina compuesta se fabricaron en 2 incrementos; el primer incremento de 1 mm se realizó en la tonalidad A2 y el segundo de 1 mm en la tonalidad A1. Los espécimenes fueron analizados mediante un espectofotómetro de luminiscencia Raman y se procedió a registrar de manera gráfica (Programa origin 8.0). Para el análisis estadístico de las muestras independientes se utilizó la prueba U de Mann Whitney. Al evaluar la intensidad de fluorescencia se encontró diferencia significativa en los pares Palfique Lx5 y Tetric Ceram (p=0.005). Mientras que el Palfique Lx5 tuvo valores más elevados (521.48  1.61 ua). Al medir longitud de onda no se encontró diferencia estadisticamente significativa. Conclusión: La resina Palfique Lx5 de Tokuyama presentó mayor estabilidad de fluoresencia y longitud de onda.
Evaluación de tres aceleradores para optimizar el compostaje de residuos orgánicos de un mercado urbano
Authors:   , Zavaleta Peña Phicenia Meryl
Published: January 2025

Los residuos orgánicos representan la mayor cantidad de residuos generados en los mercados de abastos, los cuales no son manejados correctamente. Por ello, se propone facilitar su manejo a través del compostaje buscando optimizar su proceso mediante aceleradores que disminuyen el tiempo de obtención de compost y a su vez permiten obtener abono orgánico de calidad. El objetivo del estudio es determinar que acelerador (suero de leche, EM-Compost o levadura) permitirá optimizar el proceso de compostaje a partir del aprovechamiento de residuos sólidos orgánicos del mercado San Pedro. Se realizó un muestreo estratificado aleatorio con un nivel de confianza del 94% para determinar los puestos fijos a muestrear por rubro comercial tradicional (n=29) y no tradicional (n=22) del mercado San Pedro. Una vez recolectado los residuos se armaron las 12 pilas de compostaje, utilizando el diseño experimental completamente al azar, con 4 tratamientos y 3 repeticiones. Durante el proceso de compostaje la temperatura se evaluó diariamente, el pH y la conductividad eléctrica fueron evaluados en 6 fechas diferentes, para determinar la optimización del compost se evaluó el tiempo y calidad del compost. Se determinó que el 88.56% de los residuos generados en el mercado son orgánicos y en cuanto a la calidad de NPK del compost fue en el siguiente orden: T0 > T2 > T3 > T1, concluyendo que el tratamiento al que se le adiciona EM Compost optimiza el proceso de compostaje permitiendo obtener un compost con calidad aceptable luego de 45 días.
Síndrome visual informático y calidad de sueño en estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad Cientifica del Sur durante la educación no presencial
Authors:   , Alarcon Peralta Ruth Sofia , Enciso Enciso Grecia Pilar
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el SVI y calidad del sueño en estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad Científica del Sur durante la educación no presencial. Materiales y métodos: El diseño del presente estudio es observacional, corte transversal y analítico. El tamaño muestral del presente estudio inicialmente era de 142 estudiantes, sin embargo, al final del estudio se obtuvo respuesta de 180 participantes. El tipo de muestreo fue no probabilístico. Resultados: La mayoría de los participantes eran del sexo femenino (57.22%) y del grupo etario de 22 a 25 años (52.22%). La frecuencia del SVI que se encontró fue de 58.33% y la frecuencia de alteraciones en la calidad de sueño fue de 88.89%. En los participantes con alteraciones en la calidad del sueño moderado-severo, la mayoría estaban en el grupo etario de 22 a 25 años (54.37%). Sin embargo, no se encontró asociación entre estas dos variables (valor de P= 0.536). En el análisis de regresión de Poisson se observó que en el estrato de 26 a 29 años las probabilidades de tener insomnio eran 1.16 veces más altas que en los demás participantes con SVI (IC 95%: 1.01-1.36). Conclusiones: El SVI no se asoció con alteraciones en la calidad de sueño, a excepción del grupo etario de estudiantes de 26 a 29 años, quienes tuvieron 1.16 veces más alta probabilidad de tener alteración en la calidad de sueño al tener SVI.
Hybrid Graph Learning Reconstructs Global Ocean Oxygen Spatiotemporal Changes
Authors: Wang Xinbing , Lu Bin , Han Luyu , Zhao Ze , Qi Haonan , Gan Xiaoying , Qu Lixin , Zhou Yuntao , Zhou Lei , Fu Luoyi , Jin Meng , Zhou Chenghu , Zhang Jing
Published: January 2025

Climate change and anthropogenic activities have exacerbated hypoxic conditions in the global ocean, threatening marine ecosystems and earth sustainability. Investigating the history of ocean deoxygenation is crucial for developing coping strategies. However, due to the severe sparse in-situ observations and spatiotemporal complexity of deoxygenation mechanism, precise modelling of the oxygen trends, especially in large scale, remains a long-standing problem. Here we propose Jingwei, a hybrid graph learning framework that integrates observation data and ocean climate model in a complementary manner, accurately reconstructing global oxygen levels over the past six decades. A knowledge retrieval module is designed to learn the hidden laws that dominate the complex mechanism of oxygen changes from model-based simulations. Constrained by those laws, a knowledge propagation module spatiotemporally connects the sparse data, capturing dynamic and spatial heterogeneous oxygen loss. With a joint consideration of invariant laws and variant factors, Jingwei significantly reduces reconstruction error, achieving equal accuracy with the dense cruise surveys. It can quantitatively trace the expansion process of oxygen minimum zones (OMZ), revealing potential drivers, effectively supporting on-target strategies. We foresee that the implications of such a graph-based hybrid framework extend beyond ocean deoxygenation and pave way for next-generation earth system modelling.
Methanol storage in high-pressure clathrate hydrates as a prolonged source of methane in large ocean worlds
Authors: Pakhomova Anna , Journaux Baptiste , Kurnosov Alexander , Ballaran Tiziana Boffa , Tobie Gabriel , Hanfland Michael
Published: January 2025

Large ocean worlds in the solar system and in other planetary systems likely contain significant fraction of volatile and organic compounds, which condition their habitability potential. Some of these compounds are known to combine with water molecules to form clathrate hydrates under pressure. However, the clathration process in complex compositions and under high pressures representative of these ocean worlds still remain unexplored. Herein we report on the first experimental results on the characterization of the pressure-induced transitional pathway of a mixed clathrate hydrate. We studied crystalline compounds forming in two systems: binary tetrahydrofuran (THF)-H2O that served as a reference system, and ternary THF-methanol (MeOH)-H2O in order to address the role of methanol at high-pressure. We show that high pressure facilitates the incorporation of methanol in clathrate structure, with formation of two mixed clathrate hydrates, THF•xMeOH•17H2O (sII) and THF•0.75MeOH•10H2O. The preferential trapping of methanol at high-pressure offers an explanation for the non-detection of methanol on surfaces of large ocean worlds, while more common on small icy worlds. Moreover, the hydrogenolysis of enclathrated primordial methanol into methane presents a novel hypothesis for the deep-seated endogenic source of methane in Titan and potentially for other ocean worlds.
A Practical Inverse Design Approach for High-Entropy Catalysts with Generative AI
Authors: Jiang Jun , Zhou Donglai , Yang Ruyu , Jia Zijin , Cai Yuhai , Zhao Luyuan , Guo Lulu , Ye Guilin , Wang Song , Chen Linjiang , Liu Daobin , Smith Pieter E. S. , Huang Yan , Zhu Qing
Published: January 2025

The vast compositional space of high-entropy materials offers unprecedented opportunities for the development of powerful catalysts. However, their inverse design remains unfeasible due to the lack of robust theoretical frameworks and high-throughput experimental tools. This study demonstrates a practical inverse design approach that integrates spectroscopic descriptors, generative machine learning, and a robotic experimental platform to synthesize and optimize catalyst composition for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The automated system significantly accelerated catalysts design and experimental validation, reducing the time required for synthesis, characterization and performance testing from approximately 20 hours to only 78 minutes per sample. Following a rapid screen for efficient senary high-entropy catalysts, the spectroscopic generative model further optimized the top-performing candidate, lowering its overpotential at 10 mA/cm2 by an additional 32 mV. Our findings are a testament to the potential of an inverse design approach that incorporates spectroscopic descriptors into generative machine learning to accelerate catalyst discovery. Moreover, this approach is also expected to drive the intelligent design of high-performance complex materials.
Recurrent SCAD Complicating Left Circumflex Stenting
Authors: Ndakotsu Andrew , Iqbal Shaikh B. , Mamoh Ufuoma , Wang John C. , Padmanabhan Sriram , Kaliyadan Anthony G.
Published: January 2025

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a rare cause of acute coronary syndrome often requiring either conservative management or intervention. This case describes a 49-year-old woman with recurrent SCAD who developed a spiral dissection of the left circumflex artery during PCI, necessitating multiple stents. It highlights the challenges of SCAD, including dissection propagation. The report emphasizes procedural caution and tailored care to improve outcomes in high-risk SCAD patients.
A group-based narrative intervention on self-stigma, self-esteem, and psychological capital for hospitalized patients with schizophrenia：a case-series study from mainland China
Authors: Zhou Qian , Wei Yuhua , Huang Zaifei , Zhao Yue , Qin Sujiao , Wei Xuewei , Wei Lianou , Huang Da , Qin Mingkang , Zeng Lingjun , Qin Fengqiong , Huo Yuting
Published: January 2025

Self-stigma has been consistently cited as a major obstacle to recovery-related outcomes among patients with schizophrenia. To examine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the group-based narrative intervention for improving self-stigma, self-esteem and psychological capital in hospitalized patients with schizophrenia, a case-series study was conducted from March to May 2023 in a closed psychiatric ward of a specialized hospital in mainland China. Feasibility was assessed by examining rates of recruitment, retention, and protocol adherence. Acceptability was assessed through the therapist’s and patients’ feedback about the intervention. Changes in the levels of self-stigma, self-esteem, and psychological capital perceived by patients were measured before and after four weeks of intervention. Rates of enrolment (85%) and completion of intervention sessions and study procedures (100%) were excellent, demonstrating high rates of feasibility among these patients in the local setting. The feedback from participants and the therapist about satisfaction, helpfulness, and difficulty of the intervention was largely positive, demonstrating high rates of acceptability. And the results indicated significant improvements in patients’ self-reported self-stigma, self-esteem, and psychological capital (change in T = 3.872, P = 0.001; T = -6.308, P < 0.001; T = -2.895, P = 0.011, respectively). The study provided a structured intervention program for clinical care to reduce self-stigma and promote positive recovery outcomes for inpatients with schizophrenia.
Association of glycation gap with hypoglycemia CGM indices in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Sonoda Satomi , Okada Yosuke , Mita Tomoya , Torimoto Keiichi , Tanaka Kenichi , Sato Fumiya , Katakami Naoto , Yoshii Hidenori , Nishida Keiko , Tanaka Yoshiya , Ishii Ryota , Gosho Masahiko , Shimomura Iichiro , Watada Hirotaka
Published: January 2025

The glycation gap (GGap), defined as the discrepancy between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and the value estimated from actual blood glucose level, is associated with diabetic complications, but its association with hypoglycemia remains unclear. We evaluated the association between GGap and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-based hypoglycemic indices in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Baseline data from a multicenter cohort of 999 T2DM patients without cardiovascular disease were analyzed. The difference between HbA1c and estimated A1c (eA1c) was defined as the GGap, and various CGM indices were compared among low (≤0.16), medium (<0.16 to ≤0.60), and high (>0.60) GGap tertile groups. In the high GGap group, the average blood glucose was lower, while the Time Below Range <3.9 mmol/L (TBR<3.9) and <3.0 mmol/L (TBR<3.0), and low blood glucose index (LBGI) were higher than the low and middle GGap groups. Patients with minimum blood glucose levels of <3.9, <3.0 mmol/L, and TBR<3.9≥4%, and TBR<3.0≥1% had significantly higher GGap values. This is the first study to show the strong association of high GGap with CGM-based hypoglycemic indices with T2DM. To achieve diabetes treatment that effectively prevents the progression of diabetic complications, it is essential to assess the GGap of the individual patient before intensifying diabetes management.
Investigating the nutritional composition of cultured Asian seabass Lates calcarifer in Bangladesh's Khulna-Satkhira region: A focus on fatty acids and amino acids
Authors: Sikder Roni , Haque Wahida , Das Saikat , Shaon Md. Akeruzzaman , Islam Md. Zafrul , Hasan Md. Rakibul
Published: January 2025

Lates calcarifer, known as Asian seabass, is a brackish-water teleost species within the order Carangiformes, native to the Indo-Pacific region. In Bangladesh, this species is found in natural habitats and cultivated on a small scale in the southern coastal region, particularly in the Khulna-Satkhira area. This study analyzed the nutritional composition of cultured Asian seabass in two different size categories, 512.06 ± 14.5 g and 1003.5 ± 36.64 g, collected from this region. Our findings revealed significant differences in the proximate compositions of the two size groups, except ash content (independent t-test, p < 0.05). The smaller size group had a notably higher moisture content (74.96 ± 0.04%), whereas the larger fish exhibited significantly greater protein and fat contents (20.48 ± 0.1% and 5.34 ± 0.18%, respectively). Fatty acid analysis showed distinct differences as well; the larger size group contained higher concentrations of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), while the smaller fish was richer in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Among the SFAs and omega-3 PUFAs, undecanoic acid and α-linolenic acid were the most prevalent in both groups. However, MUFA profiles differed: palmitoleic acid was dominant in the smaller size group, while oleic acid was more abundant in the larger size group. All essential amino acids (EAAs), except tryptophan, were detected in both groups, with lysine being the most prominent, measuring 5.53±0.44 g/100 g dry weight in smaller size group and 3.91±0.32 g/100 g dry weight in larger size group. Notably, the smaller size group demonstrated a significantly higher overall concentration of EAAs. Overall, this study highlights the nutritional richness of cultured Asian seabass, particularly in terms of fatty acid and amino acid profiles. The superior concentrations of essential amino acids, a higher EPA/DHA ratio, and a more favorable n-3/n-6 ratio in the smaller fish suggest it as a nutritionally superior and well-balanced fish option.
An association between inferior posterior staphyloma on choroidal vessels running patterns in healthy eyes
Authors: Terasaki Hiroto , Funatsu Ryoh , Okamura Koki , Mihara Naohisa , Shiihara Hideki , Yamashita Takehiro , Sonoda Shozo , Sakamoto Taiji
Published: January 2025

Background
The effects of ocular shape changes on the retina have been studied in pathologic myopia. However, it is not well known whether there are individual differences in ocular shape in non-pathologic myopia and the influence of ocular shape on retinochoroidal disease in these eyes. Ultra-wide-field OCT (UWF-OCT), which has recently become available, has a wider imaging range and can be used to evaluate inferior posterior staphyloma (IPS). We aimed to investigate the effect of IPS on Haller vessel running patterns (HVRPs) in healthy eyes using UWF-OCT.
Methods
This single-center retrospective study included healthy subjects. UWF-OCT images of normal subjects were stretched vertically to enhance the macula's shape and classified into IPS and non-IPS groups with or without propensity score matching for age, sex, and ocular axis length. The HVRPs were subjectively classified into symmetry, superior dominant, and inferior dominant. Differences in the proportions of the patterns in the two groups were compared using Fisher's exact test.
Results
In the non-IPS group, 65 (57.5%) individuals had a symmetric pattern of Haller's vessels, 32 (28.3%) had an upper-dominant pattern, and 16 (14.1%) had a lower-dominant pattern. In the IPS group, 14 eyes (87.5%) presented an upper dominant pattern, and two (12.5%) presented a symmetric pattern. The two groups had a statistically significant difference in vascular running patterns (P < 0.001). After PSM, a similar trend was confirmed.
Conclusions
The eyes with IPS are likely to have superior dominant HVRPs compared to the non-IPS group in healthy eyes. Macular shape may play a role in HVRPs, which are involved in the pathogenesis of retinochoroidal diseases.
Neural Computing in Medical Image Analysis for Cancer Detection
Authors: Rather Khalid Ul Islam
Published: January 2025

Early and accurate detection of cancerous tissues is critical for improving patient outcomes and optimizing treatment strategies. This study explores the application of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in the analysis of medical images, such as MRI and CT scans, for cancer detection and classification. Leveraging advanced neural computing techniques, the proposed system aims to enhance diagnostic accuracy while minimizing false positives and false negatives. The research involves the development and validation of a CNN-based framework trained on a diverse dataset of annotated medical images. The model's performance is evaluated against conventional diagnostic methods and state-of-the-art deep learning approaches. Results indicate significant improvements in classification accuracy, robustness to variations in image quality, and computational efficiency. This study underscores the potential of neural computing to revolutionize cancer diagnostics and support clinicians in making informed decisions.
Predicting prognosis of sepsis in patients based on right ventricular strain imaging : development and validation of a nomogram model
Authors: Wang Qinxin , Chen Hongmin , Zhou Chang , Xing Boyuan , Liu Yun , Li Chang
Published: January 2025

Background
Sepsis-related right ventricular systolic dysfunction (RVSD) causes myocardial injury and organ failure. Recognition of risk indicators and predictive models for sepsis outcomes can improve right ventricular dysfunction identification. However, research on risk indicators and predictive models for sepsis-related right ventricular failure is sparse.
Objective
To identify sepsis risk indicators and develop a right ventricular strain imaging-based predictive model.
Methods
A single-center prospective study included 156 sepsis patients admitted from September 2021 to October 2024. General clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic data were collected within 72 hours of sepsis diagnosis. Prognosis divided patients into two groups. Multivariable logistic regression analysis and a nomogram were used to predict sepsis prognosis. The relationship between RVSD and 28-day mortality was also examined.
Results
52 of 141 sepsis patients died within 28 days. Univariate analysis showed that the non-survivor cohort was older, had higher APACHE II and SOFA ratings, PCT, BNP, cTnI, and lactate. RV-free wall strain (-18.9% ± 1.6% vs. -20.1% ± 1.5%, P < 0.001) and RV global strain (-18.6% ± 1.4% vs. -17.6% ± 1.0%, P < 0.001) were lower in the non-survivor group compared to the survivor cohort. Significant differences in PASP and RV-GS/PASP ratio were observed between the two groups (P < 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified age > 67, SOFA score ≥ 7.5, PCT ≥ 5.7 ng/ml, Lac ≥ 3.5 mmol/L, RV-FWS ≥ -19.4%, and RV-GS/PASP ≥ -0.55 as independent risk factors for poor sepsis outcomes. The prognostic model using these six risk factors has an AUC of 0.907.
Conclusion
Sepsis outcomes were worse in people 67 years or older with a SOFA score of 7.5 or higher, PCT levels of 5.7 ng/ml or higher, lactate levels of 3.5 mmol/L or higher, RV-FWS of -19.4% or lower, and RV-GS/PASP of -0.55 or lower. Prognostic studies showed that sepsis patients with right ventricular failure had higher death and AKI rates.
Influence of Cajuput Leaf Residue on the Properties of Lightweight Expanded Clay Aggregate
Authors: Werapun Uraiwan
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the utilization of cajuput leaf residue as an additive in the production of Lightweight Expanded Clay Aggregates (LECA). The solid cajuput residue, a by-product of cajuput oil extraction, was mixed with clay in varying ratios (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% by weight, denoted as 0%RW, 10%RW, 20%RW, 30%RW and 40%RW, respectively) to form pellets, which were then sintered at 800°C. Besides, the study of temperature effects was conducted on samples containing 40% cajuput leaf residue, sintered at 700 °C, 800 °C, and 900°C. The physical properties bulk density, water absorption, and porosity were assessed, alongside microstructural and chemical analyses using SEM and EDS techniques. The results showed that increasing the cajuput leaf residue content significantly enhanced porosity and water absorption while reducing bulk density, with optimal performance observed at 800°C. The findings demonstrate the potential of cajuput leaf residue in developing eco-friendly LECA for applications such as plant growth media, with this waste recycling contributing to circular economy initiatives.
TEACHING ENGLISH IN AN INCLUSIVE CLASSROOM AT A PRIVATE CATHOLIC HIGH SCHOOL IN MALANG: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Setyowati Lestari , Sumantri Adelia Anindita , Adillah Afifah , Arista Aulia Nur , Pradianti Hensa
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to investigate the teacher’s challenges and strategies in implementing inclusive teaching for English subject. The study uses a case study design. The subject of the study was an English teacher at a private Catholic School in Malang, East Java, Indonesia. The data were gathered through observation and semi-structured interviews. The findings highlighted deficiencies in inclusive classroom practice, including inadequate support for SEN students, lack of teacher training programs for inclusive teaching, and limited teacher collaboration. Additionally, the research identified several strategies employed by the teacher to enhance English language learning, such as encouraging positive feedback, proper seating arrangements, and using audio-video media for teaching, these insights offer valuable perspectives for educators seeking to enhance the implementation of inclusive education (IE) in Indonesia.
THE EFFECT OF TBLT IN ENGLISH PAST TENSE ACQUISITION USING test-english.com FOR 8th GRADERS
Authors: Rahmawati Chatarina Tri , Setyowati Lestari
Published: January 2025

In such a modern world like nowadays, English is important to be mastered by students as it is the international language used in the world. Recalling the importance of English, it is essential to find out various learning methods to teach English to students in countries where English is a foreign language. Therefore, this pre-experimental paper sought to find out whether teaching using the Task-Based Language Teaching method and web-based learning can improve students’ knowledge simple past tense. There were thirty-one 8th grade students from SMP Katolik Wijana Jombang were chosen to be samples of this study. The students had a pre- and post-test at the beginning and the end of the TBLT process. Before taking the post-test, the students went through four meetings to learn simple past tense using test-english.com in hybrid mode (face to face and virtual meetings). The null hypothesis is rejected at ρ ≤ 0.05. This suggests that there is a change in the 8th-grade students' pre- and post-test results on grammatical mastery (past tense) in SMP Katolik Wijana Jombang following the practice of task-based learning (TBLT) utilizing test-english.com.
ADJACENCY PAIR ANALYSIS IN BREAKOUT NET INTERVIEW BETWEEN BOY WILLIAM AND JESSICA ELLEN CORNISH
Authors: Nasiwah Nasiwah , Ekawati Rosyida
Published: January 2025

This study focuses on adjacency pair as proposed by Levinson (2008) and Yule’s (1996) preference organization in the interview between Boy William and Jessica Ellen Cornish on Breakout Net. In particular, it discusses the types of first and second adjacency pair the dispreferred response of the the second-part. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method because the data in this study are in the form of utterance. The utterances were obtained from conversation between Boy and Jessica in the interview, which was collected by visual analysis where the data collected from video in Youtube. The result shows that the types of adjacency pair in the interview are assertion-agreement, question-expected answer, assessment-disagreement, compliment-acceptance, compliment-refusal, question-unexpected answer, request-refusal, command-incompliance, request-acceptance and command-compliance type. Meanwhile, the types of dispreferred response in second-pair part are assessment-disagreement, compliment-refusal, question-unexpected answer, request-refusal and command-incompliance. The dispreferred response are uttered using an express doubt, token yes, appeal for understanding, and give an account marker.
An Overview of Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC) in Women’s
Breast Cancer
Authors: Gallas Adriana E. , Morenikeji Grace O. , King Raven E. , Adegbaju Muyiwa S. , Ayoola Adeola , Taiwo Godstime , Morenikeji Olanrewaju B.
Published: January 2025

Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is the most common type of breast cancer,
primarily affecting women in the United States and across the world. This review
summarizes key concepts related to IDC causes, treatment approaches, and the
identification of biological markers for specific prognoses. Furthermore, we reviewed
many studies, including those involving patients with IDC and ductal carcinoma in situ
(DCIS) that progressed to IDC. We reported various studies on the causes of IDC,
including mutations on BRCA1 and BRCA2, different levels of expression of specific
genes in signaling pathways, menopause status, alcohol consumption, aging, and
hormone imbalances that cause IDC while p-SMAD4 expressions, DNA methylation,
regulations of hub genes, and underestimation of IDC affecting prognoses. Prompt
IDC diagnosis and early intervention have been reported to demonstrate a greater
probability of eradicating IDC and preventing further recurrence in the future. It is
crucial for physicians and researchers to equip patients with the best information
possible to proactively manage their health, whether it be for IDC prevention or
treatment. Overall, our review provided a comprehensive understanding of IDC that
enables patients to grasp the nature of the disease with the hope of mitigating IDC
risk, decrease the anxiety of a cancer diagnosis, and encourage patients to become
more involved in making informed decisions for their healthcare.
Usefulness of Automatic Speech Recognition Assessment of Children With Speech Sound Disorders: Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kim Do Hyung , Jeong Joo Won , Kang Dayoung , Ahn Taekyung , Hong Yeonjung , Im Younggon , Kim Jaewon , Kim Min Jung , Jang Dae-Hyun
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Speech sound disorders (SSDs) are common communication challenges in children, typically assessed by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) using standardized tools. However, traditional evaluation methods are time-intensive and prone to variability, raising concerns about reliability.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to compare the evaluation outcomes of SLPs and an automatic speech recognition (ASR) model using two standardized SSD assessments in South Korea, evaluating the ASR model’s performance.

METHODS

A fine-tuned wav2vec 2.0 XLS-R model, pretrained on 436,000 hours of adult voice data spanning 128 languages, was used. The model was further trained on 93.6 minutes of children’s voices with articulation errors to improve error detection. Participants included children referred to the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine at a general hospital in Incheon, South Korea, from August 19, 2022, to June 14, 2023. Two standardized assessments—the Assessment of Phonology and Articulation for Children (APAC) and the Urimal Test of Articulation and Phonology (U-TAP)—were used, with ASR transcriptions compared to SLP transcriptions.

RESULTS

This study included 30 children aged 3-7 years who were suspected of having SSDs. The phoneme error rates for the APAC and U-TAP were 8.42% (457/5430) and 8.91% (402/4514), respectively, indicating discrepancies between the ASR model and SLP transcriptions across all phonemes. Consonant error rates were 10.58% (327/3090) and 11.86% (331/2790) for the APAC and U-TAP, respectively. On average, there were 2.60 (SD 1.54) and 3.07 (SD 1.39) discrepancies per child for correctly produced phonemes, and 7.87 (SD 3.66) and 7.57 (SD 4.85) discrepancies per child for incorrectly produced phonemes, based on the APAC and U-TAP, respectively. The correlation between SLPs and the ASR model in terms of the percentage of consonants correct was excellent, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.984 (95% CI 0.953-0.994) and 0.978 (95% CI 0.941-0.990) for the APAC and UTAP, respectively. The z scores between SLPs and ASR showed more pronounced differences with the APAC than the U-TAP, with 8 individuals showing discrepancies in the APAC compared to 2 in the U-TAP.

CONCLUSIONS

The results demonstrate the potential of the ASR model in assessing children with SSDs. However, its performance varied based on phoneme or word characteristics, highlighting areas for refinement. Future research should include more diverse speech samples, clinical settings, and speech data to strengthen the model’s refinement and ensure broader clinical applicability.
Virtual Reality Intervention for People with Chronic Pain: An Evaluation of Interest In and Predictors Of Treatment Engagement (Preprint)
Authors: Bryant Genevieve R , Holzman Samuel A , Perez Hector R
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Although chronic pain (CP) is highly prevalent, current modalities are not sufficient in addressing the needs of people living with this condition. Pharmacological treatments for CP can have severe side effects and increase likelihood of patients overdosing or developing addiction. Behavioral treatments are often indicated for the treatment of CP, but barriers to treatment are common. Virtual reality (VR)-based interventions have shown promise as an effective and potentially accessible form of treatment for CP. However, previous research into VR interventions for people living with CP has not often included diverse populations, including people of racial and ethnic minorities and low socio-economic status.

OBJECTIVE

This study sought to gauge interest of patients with chronic pain in participating in a hypothetical study of at-home VR for CP. Patients were recruited from a low socio-economic and racially and ethnically diverse population. Additionally, the study sought to identify predictors of interest in the intervention.

METHODS

42 participants living with CP, recruited from an EMR database, a research participant database, and a pain clinic, completed surveys about demographics, pain levels, technology usage, and knowledge of VR. Bivariate testing was used to determine which, if any, of the above constructs were associated with interest in a hypothetical study of at-home VR for CP. Participants also answered an open-ended question about interest in participating in a VR intervention for CP, that were coded using a thematic analysis framework.

RESULTS

Despite low technology use and little knowledge and experience with VR, results showed high interest among patients in participating in a hypothetical study of at-home VR for CP. More frequent email usage and using Facebook predicted being somewhat or very interested in participating in a VR clinical trial for pain. Majority of participants cited interest due to the novelty of VR, followed by desperation for pain relief.

CONCLUSIONS

Contrary to a comprehensive body of evidence, we did not find attitudinal barriers to participating in a clinical trial of VR. While we found that use of technology and knowledge of VR was low, interest in a virtual reality intervention for CP was high. Future, fully powered studies should seek to confirm the effectiveness of VR treatments for people with CP, especially those from lower socio-economic, and racially/ethnically diverse backgrounds.
The effect and safety of app-based interventions for populations with osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (Preprint)
Authors: Zhang He , Wang hongchi , Zhang Cheng , Zhao Ruili , Lv Qian , Zhang Luyao , Zhang Haoran , Yan Shiyan
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Interventions based on apps are becoming increasingly popular for the treatment of osteoarthritis, but research on the potential moderators of treatment efficacy is lacking.

OBJECTIVE

To examine the treatment efficacy, cost-effective, and safety associated with app-based interventions for populations with osteoarthritis and identify the potential factors associated with better treatment outcomes.

METHODS

PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched from their inception to September 19, 2024. Including randomized controlled trial on app-based interventions for osteoarthritis patients that report efficacy or health economic outcomes. The primary outcome measure is the change in pain intensity before and after treatment. Secondary outcomes included function, quality of life, adverse events and self-management.

RESULTS

The review includes 14 studies, comprising 12 randomized controlled trials and two health economics studies, with 1,410 participants. Compared with controls, app-based interventions reduction in pain and improvement in physical function (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.36; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.58 to -0.14; P < 0.001; I2 = 72% and SMD = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.62; P < 0.001; I2 = 67%; respectively), but no significance for quality of life and adverse events (SMD = 0.23; 95% CI: -0.04 to 0.50; P = 0.10; I2 = 68% = 1.33; 95% CI: 0.84 to 2.12; P = 0.23; I2= 7%; respectively). Subgroup analysis revealed a significant difference between those aged ≥ 60 years and those aged < 60 years (SMD = -0.29; 95%CI: -0.51 to -0.06 and SMD = -0.84; 95%CI : -1.25 to -0.43).

CONCLUSIONS

This study showed that app-based interventions are safe and effective for osteoarthritis patients, which might provide a cost-effective option, especially in resource-limited settings. Age is a critical factor for optimizing treatment benefits especially when considering individual needs.

CLINICALTRIAL

Prospero CRD42024559569
AI as the Interpreter: Deciphering Mental Health Stories in the Social Media Realm (Preprint)
Authors: R Saima , Ahmed Khandakar , O’Connor Manjula
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Mental health issues, compounded by stigma and lack of understanding, are on the rise globally. This increase turns social media into a valuable yet underutilised resource for early detection and intervention. While advancements in machine learning (ML) and natural language processing (NLP) have progressed, the full potential of AI in identify mental health issues from online narratives remains unexplored.

OBJECTIVE

This study analyses two Artificial Intelligence (AI) models, Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) and PaLM 2 (Pathways Language Model). These models are used to identify mental health root causes from social media posts and to align with human judgment. The aim is to explore AI-human correlation and AI interpretability of mental health discussions by measuring its performance to enhance its understanding of mental health issues.

METHODS

We fine-tune AutoML and PaLM 2 on social media datasets and compare their performances against human judgment. This study incorporates quantitative analyses to assess correlation, interpretability, and error patterns, alongside qualitative analysis to evaluate AI's handling of emotional nuances using a subset of (n=50) posts.

RESULTS

AutoML exhibits high precision and recall at 86%. However, it struggles with overfitting, evidenced by its lower concordance rate of 68%. In contrast, PaLM 2 scores lower on precision and recall at 79% but achieves an 80% alignment rate with human judgment. These findings suggest that PaLM 2 has a better ability to accurately predict mental health issues.

CONCLUSIONS

AutoML's tendency to overfit limits its practical utility. On the other hand, PaLM 2 shows a more balanced performance across different mental health narratives. However, both models require further refinement to more effectively mimic human decision-making. Notably, human raters also encounter difficulties in areas where AI struggles. This emphasises the need for continuous advancements in AI to better comprehend linguistic and emotional contexts of mental health narratives.
Amazônia em imagens: sobre uma educação visual
Authors: Nunes Chaves Ana Paula , Barbosa Xavier Maria Flavia
Published: January 2025

As imagens são recursos historicamente utilizados para representar múltiplas temáticas, e na educação geográfica não é diferente. Imagens colaboram na construção de imaginários geográficos e educam-nos sobre espaços, povos e culturas. A partir dos aportes de Nicholas Mirzoeff sobre cultural visual e da noção de arquivo de Michel Foucault, exploramos as narrativas visuais de um dos mais importantes biomas, a Floresta Amazônica. Para tanto, investigamos o acervo da National Geographic em 24 reportagens, publicadas entre 1889 e 2021, com menção explícita à floresta. No século XX, há uma progressiva incorporação de imagens às reportagens, enfatizando um bioma pitoresco, povos primitivos e costumes tradicionais, além da fauna e flora. Já no século XXI, os temas principais são os problemas ambientais e os conflitos regionais no uso das terras. Os povos indígenas foram silenciados nas reportagens, embora suas imagens sejam abundantes. Portanto, há uma invisibilidade de narrativas mais plurais e complexas relacionadas à realidade nacional da Amazônia na National Geographic. A revista colabora na criação de narrativas visuais capazes de ensinar-nos sobre povos e florestas, pois suas imagens compõem um elemento fundamental na construção da identidade, da cultura e até mesmo do espaço geográfico brasileiro.
De la performance teatral a la fotografía: desafíos metodológicos de una investigación sobre el teatro michoacano en México
Authors: Páez Triviño Yuri Constanza
Published: January 2025

Este artículo analiza la medida en la cual la etnografía y la fotografía pueden aportar a la reconstrucción de experiencias teatrales en el ámbito de las pedagogías públicas. La fotografía habilita una potencia creadora desde una apuesta de escritura performática de la escena teatral. Esto a partir de una escena de la obra Mujeres de arena presentada en la ciudad de Morelia, Michoacán. Se plantean algunas reflexiones conceptuales sobre la fotografía, la etnografía, la escritura como ejercicio performático y la relación con las pedagogías públicas. Finalmente, se señala sobre la reconstrucción de las escenas teatrales en medio de un contexto de violencia, el poder estas dibujar con más claridad las pedagogías públicas del teatro en Michoacán y, con ello, reconocer el potencial de esta manifestación artística en la trasmisión de conocimientos, en la provocación por preguntas sobre el mundo, en la posibilidad de desafiar las concepciones establecidas en el despertar conciencia y, sobre todo, en fomentar una reflexión crítica.
Investigar con/junto a las visualidades: incertidumbres y potencialidades
Authors: Capasso Verónica , Barone Zallocco Ornela
Published: January 2025

El presente artículo propone compartir posicionamientos, devenires, incertidumbres y potencialidades de las investigaciones con/junto a las visualidades y considerar también las miradas produciendo(se), así como también las invisibilidades y contravisualidades. Se busca compartir posibles heurísticas del trabajo con visualidades, sin limitarse a una comprensión superficial, decorativa o meramente literaria de la imagen, sino aprehender las visualidades a partir de las narrativas semánticas complejas, las cuales las construyen y estructuran, teniendo presente también las sensibilidades y condiciones materiales mediante las cuales circulan, se apropian y reproducen. Se enfatiza en que el estudio y profundización con/junto a las visualidades requiere de una metodología transdisciplinar como también in/end disciplinar. Esto hace a la comprensión de las visualidades desde diversas aristas epistemológicas, (est)éticas y ontológicas, considerar no solo su materialidad sino también las relaciones sociales que producen, promueven o limitan, así como las miradas que gestan. Se presentan, entonces, las investigaciones en curso de las autoras. Se despliegan y comparten metodologías, reflexiones y preguntas con la intención de animar a seguir indagando sobre las potencialidades de investigar con/junto a las imágenes.
Presupuestos de la teoría de autómatas judiciales
Authors: Mansilla Andrés
Published: January 2025

En el derecho existen diversos tipos de casos, y aquellos denominados fáciles se encuadran en la operatividad silogística de las resoluciones a conflictos jurídicos, es posible, entonces, desde el determinismo, establecer la posibilidad de automatización, tanto del desahogo del proceso como de la deliberación del mismo.
¿De dónde vienen los microplásticos?
Authors: Flores-Ocampo Itzamna Zaknite , Ibarra-Rueda Sandra Elizabeth , Morales-Arredondo José Iván
Published: January 2025

El siguiente texto es una lectura para introducir a niños y adolescentes en el tema de contaminación por microplásticos dado que es un tipo de contaminante que, desafortunadamente, está presente en todos lados, aunque no lo veamos a simple vista. En el contenido de este trabajo se menciona cuáles son los productos más comunes de plástico que utilizamos, de dónde vienen, cómo se forman y dónde terminan los microplásticos y cuál es la importancia de estudiarlos. Este tema cada vez toma mayor interés entre la población y es importante que se difunda entre la población más joven. El objetivo es que los niños y  jóvenes, al finalizar la lectura puedan reflexionar y contestar preguntas importantes como ¿Sabías que estas consumiendo microplásticos sin darte cuenta? ¿Conoces qué daños ocasionan los microplásticos al medio ambiente? ¿Qué productos son los mayores aportadores de plástico al ambiente?
Integración interdisciplinaria de las Ciencias de la Tierra en el currículo de Secundaria: estudio de caso en el contexto colombiano
Authors: Ayala-Calvo Rosa Carolina , Ocampo-Cardona Libardo Andrés
Published: January 2025

Se realizó un estudio de caso múltiple con cuatro docentes de secundaria que trabajan en instituciones educativas públicas de Colombia, con el fin de analizar cómo los profesores de diferentes asignaturas enseñan los temas de Ciencias de la Tierra (CT) presentes en los currículos actuales. Los docentes participantes respondieron una encuesta cualitativa de 38 preguntas abiertas y realizaron un ejercicio de transversalidad. Los resultados obtenidos revelan que los temas relacionados con la Tierra y el universo, la meteorología y el medio ambiente son los más comúnmente enseñados, mostrando su relevancia a nivel de educación secundaria. En general, los docentes que orientan las áreas de Ciencias Naturales y Educación en CTSA (Ciencia-Tecnología-Sociedad-Ambiente) poseen una mayor claridad conceptual y abarcan más variedad de temas en CT. Aunque no se implementó directamente con un grupo de estudiantes, los docentes participantes demostraron tener una clara consciencia sobre la importancia de fortalecer la enseñanza de las CT en la educación básica secundaria y la necesidad de superar las barreras existentes para su integración, entre las que se incluyen la limitación de tiempo, la escasez de recursos y el desconocimiento sobre materiales educativos especializados. Se realizó una propuesta de tópicos en CT que contribuyen al desarrollo de las competencias en Ciencias Naturales y Sociales contempladas en los estándares nacionales y se hace un llamado a la comunidad geocientífica interesada en la promoción y educación de las CT a explorar estrategias de intervención y formación docente dirigidas a los profesores de educación secundaria con el fin de incentivar la integración interdisciplinaria de las CT en los currículos actuales y mejorar la calidad de su enseñanza en el país.
Salas Cruz, Armando, El derecho de sufragio pasivo en el sistema interamericano de derechos humanos, pról. de Javier García Roca, México, Porrúa-IMDPC, 2023
Authors: Galán Martínez Rodrigo
Published: January 2025

El texto analiza la configuración del derecho al sufragio pasivo desde una perspectiva compleja que trasciende el derecho interno de los Estados, incorporando los instrumentos internacionales, las decisiones de la Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos y la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, así como las resoluciones de tribunales constitucionales de otros países. Se destaca el diálogo bidireccional entre los tribunales nacionales y los órganos del sistema interamericano, donde las decisiones nacionales son evaluadas externamente y, a su vez, los Estados parte integran las resoluciones de los organismos interamericanos en su legislación y jurisprudencia. Con un enfoque analítico, el estudio se centra en la revisión de sentencias y resoluciones relevantes para desarrollar categorías sobre el derecho al sufragio pasivo.
emoción del miedo desde el caleidoscopio jurídico
Authors: Bueno Ochoa Luis
Published: January 2025

En el presente artículo se examina el miedo en su relación con la política y, especialmente, con el ámbito del Derecho. Se inicia el análisis explorando el miedo como una emoción, centrándose en la naturaleza y características tanto de las emociones en general como del miedo en particular. Luego, se profundiza en el miedo como una emoción con implicaciones políticas y jurídicas, derivando en el concepto de "poder del miedo". Las huellas de esta emoción son evidentes en la Filosofía del Derecho, en el principio de precaución y en el mito de la seguridad jurídica. A continuación, se analiza el tratamiento del miedo en los diferentes ámbitos del ordenamiento jurídico español –Civil, Penal, Contencioso-Administrativo y Social– antes de llegar a una sección final con carácter conclusivo.