bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metabolic and histopathological impact of local resource food consumption on blood markers in rats previously subjected to moderate acute malnutrition
Authors: Kouadio Natia Joseph , Kouadio Ange Laetitia Jocelyne , Assoumou Carine Ebah , Kra Aboutou Severin Kouassi
Published: October 2024

Malnutrition is caused by dietary and nutritional imbalances that can have an impact on blood parameters and vital organs. The use of local agricultural resources for adapted diets appears to be an effective solution to post-weaning infant malnutrition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of four newborn diets made from local agricultural resources in improving biochemical, hematological, and histological parameters in rats that had previously experienced mild acute malnutrition.

A total of 42 juvenile male rats, with an average age of 80 ±5 days and an average weight of 103.46 ± 5.10 g, were divided into six groups. Each group consisted of seven rats, with two control groups (LTC and LSA) and four experimental groups (LAR1A, LAR1B, LAR2A, and LAR2B). The experiment had three distinct phases: an initial adaptation period lasting 5 days, followed by a phase of inducing malnutrition lasting 19 days, and finally a phase of nutritional rehabilitation lasting 14 days. At the conclusion of the malnutrition induction and nutritional rehabilitation phases, blood samples were collected and used to evaluate biochemical and haematological markers. Kidneys and liver were removed for histological analysis.

The findings revealed that the period of inducing malnutrition had a detrimental impact on several parameters, such as urea, triglyceride, total protein, C-reactive protein, albumin, ALAT, ASAT, WBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and MCV. Nevertheless, the ingestion of LAR diet derived from indigenous ingredients successfully returned all of these blood markers to the required levels for rats. Furthermore, histological examinations demonstrated that there were no kidney or liver abnormalities at the end of the trial.

The LAR diets have rehabilitative effects on the biochemical and haematological parameters of rats. This suggests that these diets can be used therapeutically to treat moderate acute malnutrition and meet the nutritional needs of children aged 6 to 36 months.
A double case study. Mother, son, and their familial dyslipidemia: A different response to statin treatment
Authors: Gasparri Clara , Achilli Cesare , Moroni Aussia , Nondanevi Maniangela
Published: October 2024

Hypercholesterolemia is one of the main modifiable risk factors for the onset of myocardial infarction, and one of the key factors for the onset of hypercholesterolemia is the genetic predisposition. The therapy of choice to restore cholesterol to normal values is represented by statins, a class of cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitors. Some patients are intolerant to this class of molecules, triggering serious side effects, or show a resistance (often based also on genetic factors) to their action. In this report we present the case of two related patients (mother and son) with familial hypercholesterolemia of medium severity. The first patient presents total resistance to all the statins tested (simvastatin, monacolin K, rosuvastatin) at any dosage and the resolution is found by combining the rosuvastatin therapy with ezetimibe, an inhibitor of intestinal cholesterol absorption. For the second patient, in therapy with a supplement of monacolin K, the feedback is positive even at low doses.
Navegando la transición energética en América Latina y el Caribe: volatilidad y señalización de precios en los mercados eléctricos a corto plazo
Authors: Balza Lenin , Mata Carlos , Matías David , Ríos Ricardo
Published: October 2024

El aumento observado en el precio de los combustibles fósiles, exacerbado por eventos climáticos extremos como sequías prolongadas, ha generado una volatilidad significativa en los precios de la electricidad a corto plazo en diversos mercados de América Latina y el Caribe. Paralelamente, la rápida incorporación de energías renovables variables, como la solar y la eólica, imprime nuevos desafíos operativos para los mercados eléctricos. Esta situación ha intensificado el debate sobre el diseño óptimo de los mercados eléctricos, especialmente en términos de eficiencia económica y la adecuada señalización de precios durante la transición energética. En este contexto, surgen preguntas sobre qué ajustes regulatorios pueden mejorar la señalización de precios a corto plazo y garantizar un despacho eficiente y competitivo. Este estudio examina los principales componentes de los mercados eléctricos a corto plazo en América Latina y el Caribe, identifica las mejores prácticas internacionales, y evalúa las principales fuentes de volatilidad en los precios spot. Asimismo, se presentan recomendaciones regulatorias dirigidas a mejorar la integración de energías renovables variables en la matriz eléctrica, fortalecer la resiliencia y optimizar la eficiencia operativa de los mercados eléctricos.
Beyond the Screen: Real-World Impacts of Computer Science Innovations
Authors: Shon Ayeong
Published: October 2024

Computer science has evolved from a specialized field into a foundational element shaping modern life, revolutionizing sectors ranging from healthcare to retail. Innovations in artificial intelligence (AI), data science, automation, and cybersecurity have reshaped how we interact with technology and conduct daily activities. AI's impact is evident in recommendation algorithms that tailor content to individual users, transforming media consumption (Smith, 2023). Automation technology streamlines repetitive tasks, enhancing productivity both at work and at home. Data analytics personalizes consumer experiences and informs healthcare decisions, while cybersecurity advancements protect sensitive information, offering greater trust in digital transactions (Lee & Wang, 2022). This article examines the role of these core innovations, offering insights into their present applications and anticipated future contributions. By highlighting how these advancements in computer science affect daily life, this article illustrates the broader societal implications of these technologies and the need for responsible development in the field.
Eksplorasi Literasi Matematika Siswa pada Materi Aljabar
Authors: Wangge Magdalena
Published: October 2024

Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan konsep literasi matematis pada materi aljabar, mendeskripsikan fokus penelitian literasi matematis yang berkembang saat ini, serta menyajikan implikasi penelitian tentang literasi saat ini dan rekomendasinya untuk pembelajaran dan penelitian di masa depan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu review artikel, yang dilakukan dengan menelusuri berbagai artikel dari jurnal nasional. Literasi matematika adalah kemampuan seseorang untuk memahami, menerapkan, menafsirkan, mengidentifikasi matematika dalam berbagai konteks. Literasi matematika menuntut kemampuan penalara n dan pemecahan masalah yang penekanannya pada berbagai masalah dan situasi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Fokus penelitian literasi matematis yang berkembang saat ini yaitu sebagian besar artikel yang diulas tampaknya berfokus menerapkan metode atau pendekatan tertentu dapat meningkatkan kemampuan literasi siswa serta mengekplorasikan pandangan, pengetahuan dan pemahaman pendidik tentang literasi matematika. Hasil ulasan beberapa artikel ini berimplikasi pada peran penting pendidik dalam proses pembelajaran khususnya dalam mengajarkan literasi matematika pada materi aljabar dan bagaimana kurikulum Matematika sekolah mengatur tentang literasi matematika, serta memberikan rekomendasi dalam proses pengajaran dan desain penelitian di masa depan.
Peranan Media Audio Visual pada Keaktifan Bertanya Mata Pelajaran Matematika Kelas 2 SD
Authors: Isnaina Zuyyina , Muhaimin Muhamad Reizal , Sutriyani Wulan
Published: October 2024

Kemajuan pendidikan terus mengalami perkembangan dengan dibuktikannya media pembelajaran berbasis audio visual, adanya media pembelajaran audio visual diharapkan membantu keaktifan peserta didik dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana peranan media audio visual pada keaktifan bertanya pelajaran mata matematika kelas 2 SD. Dalam penelitian ini Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian studi pustaka (library research) dengan melalui pendekatan kualitatif. media pembelajaran berbasis audio visual sebagai penunjang proses belajar mengajar agar pembelajaran menjadi menarik dan membuat peserta didik aktif dalam bertanya. Adanya keaktifan dalam bertanya membuat peserta didik kelas 2 SD menjadi paham materi pembelajaran khususnya pada mata pelajaran matematika.
Bougainvillea spectabilis como mediadora para la biosíntesis de nanopartículas de plata, evaluación de su efecto antimicrobiano y citotóxico
Authors: Ramírez-Herrera Angel Daniel , Barbosa-Sabanero Gloria , Lazo-de-la-Vega-Monroy María-Luisa , González-Domínguez Martha-Isabel
Published: October 2024

El presente estudio describe la biosíntesis, caracterización, evaluación de la actividad antimicrobiana y citotoxicidad de las nanopartículas de plata (NP’s-Ag) sintetizadas a partir del extracto acuoso de las flores y brácteas de la planta Bougainvillea spectabilis. Se evaluaron diferentes volúmenes de extracto y concentraciones de nitrato de plata sobre la morfología, tamaño y actividad antimicrobiana de las NP’s-Ag. La formación de dichas nanopartículas (NP’s) fueron monitoreadas mediante espectrofotometría de utravioleta-visible (UV-Vis). La morfología y análisis elemental fue realizado mediante microscopia electrónica de barrido acoplado con espectrofotometría de dispersión de energía de rayos X (MEB-EDS) observando aglomerados de partículas con dimensiones que oscilan entre los 40 nm y 60 nm. Se validó la presencia de plata con el análisis de difracción de rayos X (DRX). La síntesis de NP’s-Ag presentó actividad antimicrobiana contra algunos microrganismos aislados de infecciones en pie diabético, así como cepas control encontrando mayor eficacia en contra de las bacterias Gram-negativas a diferencia de su contraparte las Gram-positivas. Las NP’s-Ag presentaron actividad citotóxica en células eucariotas dependiente de su concentración, y en algunos casos aumentó la proliferación celular a bajas concentraciones. Estos resultados invitan a una evaluación más profunda del efecto citotóxico de estas nanopartículas sintetizadas por esta metodología para una futura aplicación en el campo de la salud.
Decisiones estratégicas para la gestión de las relaciones laborales: un caso exitoso en la industria de la construcción
Authors: Mejia Alvites Carlos Enrique
Published: October 2024

Este artículo analiza el desarrollo de un modelo democrático de relaciones laborales en la industria de la construcción en el Perú durante el siglo XXI. A partir de un enfoque cualitativo, basado en entrevistas semiestructuradas a representantes gremiales, revisión de documentos oficiales y análisis periodístico, se identifican las decisiones estratégicas tomadas por la Cámara Peruana de la Construcción (Capeco), la Federación de Trabajadores en Construcción Civil del Perú (FTCCP) y el Ministerio de Trabajo y Promoción del Empleo (MTPE). Estas decisiones permitieron transformar un contexto de conflicto en un marco de cooperación y diálogo social, facilitando la negociación colectiva y mejorando las condiciones laborales. Se destacan tres decisiones clave que resultaron fundamentales para consolidar un sistema de relaciones laborales basado en la confianza mutua y la negociación por rama de actividad. Los hallazgos aportan lecciones para otros sectores en el desarrollo de relaciones laborales sostenibles y productivas.
La analítica de datos y el aprendizaje digital como herramientas para la toma de decisiones en instituciones de investigación científica y tecnológica
Authors: Sámano Castillo José , Hermández Juárez Luis
Published: October 2024

Se presentan los resultados obtenidos del diseño e implementación de un sistema de indicadores, el cual analiza la información de una plataforma responsiva que muestra el potencial tecnológico, de investigación y formación de recursos humanos con que cuentan los 493 laboratorios nacionales, universitarios y unidades de apoyo de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM).

El sistema de indicadores de desempeño utiliza la base de datos de la plataforma para monitorear, analizar y revelar las ventajas conseguidas en el tiempo, para lo que incorpora una herramienta de vanguardia en business intelligence y analytics: Microsoft Power BI®, con el que se logró la visualización avanzada, segmentación, KPI’s, gráficos interactivos con nivel de profundidad y agregación, estadísticas clave y optimización.
El sistema es responsivo para cinco categorías: capacidades, equipamiento, personal, comunicación y pronósticos, así como 45 KPI’s simples y una sección de pronósticos (machine learning), para aprovechar la información generada los últimos siete años.
Kuit: An Enterprise's Commitment to Sustainability through Technological Development
Authors: Silva-Flores Martha , Serrano Carlos
Published: October 2024

This article is a case study that aims to show how Kuit, a social enterprise, addresses the challenge of technological management while meeting its social, environmental and economic business objectives.
The study examines innovation through technological development as part of a business strategy to promote ethical and sustainable business practices, which are focused on the health and well-being of people through the production and distribution of kombucha.
The relevance of the case study lies in showing the technological management strategy implemented by the founders of Kuit, which has led them to a process innovation and a patent application. This innovation has been recognized by the Secretariat of Innovation, Science and Technology of the State of Jalisco, with Kuit being one of the five finalists for the 2021 Jalisco Innovation Award. Innovation has allowed Kuit to be a sustainable company both technically and financially, fulfilling its social and environmental mission.
Estudio exploratorio de la innovación en empresas de consultoría en seguridad y salud en el trabajo en la ciudad de Bogotá
Authors: Murcia Sánchez Tania Carolina , Sánchez-Torres Jenny Marcela
Published: October 2024

Las empresas que buscan ser diferenciadas y aumentar su rentabilidad, incluyendo las de consultoría, cuyo principal activo es el conocimiento, suelen implementar procesos de innovación. Sin embargo, existe poca comprensión sobre cómo se desarrolla la innovación en estas organizaciones. Este artículo presenta las prácticas de innovación en empresas de consultoría especializadas en seguridad y salud en Bogotá. Tras comparar varios métodos para caracterizar la innovación, se seleccionó uno que contempla el conocimiento y su gestión para desarrollar un estudio descriptivo. El estudio identificó tres aspectos clave del desarrollo de la innovación: la creación de espacios para el intercambio informal de conocimientos, la utilización de tecnologías para reunir los conocimientos generados en cada servicio y la creación del registro de excelencia para controlar las actividades y los resultados de innovación. Estos resultados permiten a estas organizaciones asignar recursos a este tipo de acciones para mejorar la implementación de la innovación.
Preliminares del gobierno del Río de la Plata. Correspondencia de Pedro Esteban Dávila con la administración cortesana, entre su nombramiento y su llegada a Buenos Aires (1629-1631)
Authors: Amadori Arrigo
Published: October 2024

Este artículo analiza la correspondencia enviada por el maestre de campo Pedro Esteban Dávila a distintas instancias de la administración cortesana, desde su nombramiento como gobernador de Buenos Aires hasta su llegada al Río de la Plata. Estos escritos, remitidos entre 1629 y 1631 desde Lisboa y Río de Janeiro, nos revelan algunos aspectos poco conocidos, al menos para esta región, de las gestiones de un servidor real que, aun antes de abandonar la península, desempeñaron un papel esencial en la configuración de unos dispositivos defensivos para un enclave de relevancia geopolítica en una coyuntura crítica. Además, este repertorio de misivas aporta una perspectiva vivencial del funcionamiento de una monarquía compuesta durante el período de Unión de Coronas.
Cortesanía y gobierno en el virreinato peruano del siglo XVII
Authors: Gálvez Peña Carlos M.
Published: October 2024

El tratado escrito por el agustino fray Alonso de Almeida y publicado en Lima en 1644, Pretendiente de la tierra, recoge una doble propuesta de interés para los estudios sobre prácticas del poder e ideologías de imperio. Se trata de una apropiación periférica y tardía de las obras de Baltasar Castiglione, Los cuatro libros del cortesano (1528), y Giovanni Botero, La razón de Estado (1589). La obra de Almeida, sin embargo, denota originalidad, pues se trata de un manual para beneméritos del virreinato peruano que gestionan en la corte de Madrid. El libro no solo cubre los aspectos formales y protocolares del proceso de gestión, pero sobre todo ahonda en el sentido de la misma en el contexto mayor de una abatida Monarquía Hispana y el relanzamiento del gobierno cristiano sustentado en el antimaquiavelismo. La noción de gobierno de Almeida comprende tanto al individuo como al Estado.
Voltamperometría: fundamentos electroquímicos y aplicaciones
Authors: González-Hernández Jerson , Garcia-Céspedes Jairo
Published: October 2024

La voltamperometría es una técnica electroquímica con un amplio campo de aplicación en la determinación cuantitativa de analitos, en el análisis de caracterización y en el estudio de procesos de difusión, adsorción, reducción y oxidación. La capacidad de adaptación de esta herramienta analítica se atribuye, principalmente, a la integración de diversas modificaciones en su metodología, impulsadas por los avances tecnológicos que han mejorado y evolucionado los equipos y los sistemas electródicos. En esta revisión se abordan los principios fundamentales de la voltamperometría que incluyen las bases de la instrumentación, de la termodinámica y de la cinética de los procesos electroquímicos, así como un repaso por las técnicas voltamperométricas y algunas aplicaciones relevantes en distintos campos, tales como el análisis ambiental, la industria alimenticia y las ciencias forenses. Los múltiples estudios interdisciplinarios que se basan en la voltamperometría evidencian un uso significativo y una aplicabilidad reconocida de la técnica electroquímica.
Los conflictos de agencia en las asociaciones: apuntes sobre la deficiente regulación del Código Civil sobre los deberes y obligaciones de los administradores de personas jurídicas no lucrativas
Authors: Chahud Cosío Daniel
Published: October 2024

La teoría de la agencia se dedica al análisis de la relación entre el ‘principal’ y el ‘agente’, así como los conflictos que surgen de su interacción y de sus diversos intereses. Sin embargo, los conflictos de agencia no solo son posibles en personas jurídicas no lucrativas como las asociaciones, sino que serían más frecuentes debido a su naturaleza. En este sentido, el presente trabajo examina el papel de los órganos de administración de las asociaciones civiles en relación con los posibles conflictos entre los asociados y los administradores, y la insuficiente regulación que los rodea.Dado que no todos los individuos que participan en actividades empresariales bajo una estructura asociativa tienen un entendimiento completo del gobierno corporativo, el autor señala que es crucial que nuestra legislación sirva como una guía para facilitar su participación y, en consecuencia, reducir la posibilidad de conflictos entre los diferentes grupos implicados.
La solución al conflicto entre las facetas del derecho a conocer a los padres y a ser cuidado por ellos: ¿biparentalidad o multiparentalidad?
Authors: Plácido Vilcachagua Alex
Published: October 2024

Este artículo examina diez sentencias de casación de la Corte Suprema de Justicia del Perú, mostrando una preferencia por la biparentalidad en disputas de paternidad. Las decisiones privilegian la identidad estática del niño, basada en su derecho a conocer a sus padres biológicos según la ‘Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño’.A pesar del reconocimiento ocasional de la identidad dinámica, la multiparentalidad no ha sido considerada por los tribunales. Los criterios de decisión incluyen la prueba de ADN y la posesión de estado de familia.El artículo recomienda que el Poder Judicial peruano contemple la multiparentalidad como una extensión del derecho a la identidad y la responsabilidad parental, proponiendo su formalización en el registro civil para beneficiar el interés superior del niño.
La parábola de la viuda pobre: en defensa de la lesión en el derecho de los contratos
Authors: Núñez del Prado Chaves Fabio
Published: October 2024

La lesión en el derecho de los contratos es una figura que no ha sido ajena a críticas que cuestionan su relevancia y utilidad en el ordenamiento jurídico peruano.En esa línea, en el presente trabajo el autor analiza el artículo 1447 del Código Civil desde distintas aristas, tales como el análisis económico del derecho y diversa doctrina nacional e internacional.Finalmente, el autor concluye que esta figura es importante y necesaria para un Estado de Derecho; no sin antes reconocer que la lesión en el derecho de los contratos debe ser repensada, mas no eliminada.
El uso de los principios UNIDROIT para interpretar y complementar el derecho contractual nacional: un modelo para el legislador peruano
Authors: García Long Sergio
Published: October 2024

En 2024, el Código Civil peruano cumple 40 años desde su promulgación en 1984, mientras que los Principios UNIDROIT cumplen 30 años desde su primera versión en 1994. Ante ello, ¿a qué fiesta debemos asistir? Este ensayo propone una mirada del Código Civil peruano desde la perspectiva del comercio internacional, con el objetivo de proponer mejoras. Para ello, se toma como referencia las disposiciones de los Principios UNIDROIT que regulan la interpretación contractual, las obligaciones de medios y resultados, la cláusula penal y la fuerza mayor. Estas disposiciones serán comparadas con las del Código Civil peruano, para identificar posibles áreas de mejora en el derecho doméstico, utilizando los Principios UNIDROIT como guía.
Sobre los 40 años del Código Civil: una mirada histórica
Authors: Vidal Ramírez Fernando
Published: October 2024

En marco del aniversario número cuarenta del Código Civil, el Dr. Vidal Ramírez, uno de los pocos miembros de la Comisión Reformadora del Código Civil aún en vida, nos cuenta historias inéditas acerca de la experiencia de reforma y proceso de codificación del Código Civil de 1984.Asimismo, rememora a los demás miembros de la Comisión Reformadora, así como los retos y desafíos a los que se enfrentaron para lograr lo que hoy en día puede considerarse como la norma civil más importante en nuestro medio.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug administration to periparturient cows to reduce postpartum pain-related behaviours
Authors: Cannadine Amelia
Published: October 2024

Question
In periparturient cows does the administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) aid in reducing pain-related behaviours after parturition when compared to cows not administered NSAIDs?
 
Clinical bottom line
The category of research question was:
Treatment.
 
The number and type of study designs that were critically appraised were:
Four randomised control trials.
 
Critical appraisal of the selected papers meeting the inclusion criteria collectively provide zero/weak/moderate/strong evidence in terms of their experimental design and implementation:
Moderate.
 
The outcomes reported are summarised as follows…
The evidence suggests that NSAIDs can reduce some pain-related behaviours and increase resting behaviours in postpartum cows, with the effect being most consistently observed when administered between 6 and 48 hours before calving or within 3 hours after calving. This effect was most consistently observed in individuals that had experienced uncomplicated calving events and primiparous animals. Primiparous animals administered meloxicam prior to natural calving displayed significantly more lying bouts on the day of calving when compared to primiparous control animals and primiparous animals administered meloxicam postpartum. A separate study reported that cows administered ketoprofen spent less time in lateral recumbency than cows in the placebo group, irrespective of whether calving was assisted. Additionally, when treatment cows were in sternal recumbency, they spent more time with their head in a rested position than the placebo group. There was no significant difference in feeding behaviours postpartum between treatment and placebo animals. There were conflicting results between papers assessing activity levels.
 
In view of the strength of evidence and the outcomes from the studies the following conclusion is made…
In some cows, in particular cows with an uncomplicated parturition, NSAIDs can reduce some pain-related behaviours and increase some resting behaviours postpartum. The NSAID should be administered between 6 and 48 hours before calving or within 3 hours after calving.
DERECHO AL ACCESO A LA INFORMACIÓN EN EL COMBATE A LACORRUPCIÓN EN LOS PROCESOS ELECTORALES
Authors: VERA MÉNDEZ RENATA , MORALES VELUETA ÁNGEL
Published: October 2024

El presente artículo, aborda el derecho del acceso a la información como una herramienta en el combate a la corrupción dentro de los procesos electorales, la llegada de las nuevas tecnologías propicia un escenario adecuado para la desinformación de manera que se debe emplear las TIC como herramienta coadyuvante, es de vital importancia para la ciudanía el poder estar informado de los actores políticos, este derecho debe ser ejercido de manera analítica, la información debe ser concisa, metodológica, cuantitativa y cualitativa, el derecho a ejercer el voto es tan importante que no debe ser tomado a la ligera.
This article addresses the right of access to information as a tool in the fight against corruption within electoral processes. The arrival of new technologies provides a suitable scenario for disinformation, so ICTs should be used as an auxiliary tool. It is vitally important for citizens to be informed about political actors. This right must be exercised analytically, the information must be concise, methodological, quantitative and qualitative. The right to vote is so important that it should not be taken lightly.
Diagonalisasi matriks atas ring dengan metode pemfaktoran secara lengkap
Authors: Nikita Nikita , Suparwanto Ari , Sutopo Sutopo
Published: October 2024

Generally, discussion about diagonalization of matrices in linear algebra is a matrix over the field. This research presents the diagonalization of matrices over commutative rings. Previous studies have explained the diagonalization of the matrix over a commutative ring, but there are some shortcomings in it. Therefore, this paper will present a matrix diagonalization process that could overcome these shortcomings. This research proposes a method for diagonalization matrices where the characteristic polynomial splits completely over the image of a ring homomorphism. Furthermore, the diagonalization is done over ring localization, so that there are more commutative ring matrices which can be diagonalized in this way. Meanwhile, the sufficient condition for a matrix which can be diagonalized in this thesis is when the determinant of the matrix whose columns are the eigenvectors is regular. Furthermore, to show this diagonalization method applies in general, given a special matrix n × n which satisfies the sufficient condition.
Keywords: Matrices, diagonalization, eigenvector, determinant, localizationMSC2020: 15A09, 15A18, 15A20,13B05,13B20
Pemodelan Jumlah Rumah Tangga Sangat Miskin di Jawa Timur Menggunakan Regresi Nonparametrik B-Spline
Authors: Intan Putroue Keumala
Published: October 2024

Indonesia is a developing country that continues to experience poverty. East Java is one of the provinces that ranks 3rd as the province with the largest number of poor people in Indonesia. This study aims to model the number of very poor households in East Java using the B-Spline nonparametric regression method. The results show that the B-Spline nonparametric regression model for the number of very poor households in East Java only uses four independent variables, namely the number of households with drinking water sources from mineral water, the number of households that do not use electricity, the number of households that do not have defecation facilities (do not have latrines), the number of households that have a final disposal site for feces in the form of a hole in the ground.
Keywords: B-Spline, Regresi Nonparametrik, KemiskinanMSC2020: 62G08
Modeling factors affecting poverty in Nusa Tenggara using the multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS) method
Authors: Arizal Mulyasrihuda , Fitriyani Nurul , Syechah Bulqis Nebula
Published: October 2024

Poverty is still a fundamental problem in the economy of various regions or developing countries, including Indonesia. The Nusa Tenggara Islands are one of the regions in Central Indonesia, where East Nusa Tenggara Province is in 3rd place with 20.44%, and West Nusa Tenggara Province is in 8th place with 13.83%, the highest percentage of poor people in Indonesia. A study was conducted to model the factors that influence poverty in Nusa Tenggara and determine the factors that significantly affect the percentage of poverty in Nusa Tenggara. Poverty data caused by many predictor variables that interact with each other can be said to be high-dimensional data where the relationship between the response variable and the predictor variable does not show a specific pattern, so one of the appropriate nonparametric regression methods to use for this approach is the Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline (MARS) method. The data used in this study is secondary data with 12 predictor variables. The results of this study indicate that the best model was the model with the values of basis function (BF) of 24, maximum interaction (MI) of 2, and minimum observation (MO) of one where this model has the minimum GCV value of 0.3523701.
Keywords: Generalized cross-validation, multivariate adaptive regression spline, Nusa Tenggara Region, povertyMSC2020: 62G08
Impact of a High-PAR Transmittance and High Light Diffusivity Plastic Cover on Photosynthetic Activity and Development of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Crops in a Mediterranean Greenhouse
Authors: Moreno-Teruel María Ángeles , Molina-Aiz Francisco Domingo , López-Martínez Alejandro , Valera-Martínez Diego Luis , Peña-Fernández Araceli , Baptista Fátima
Published: October 2024

Light quality within greenhouses is a critical factor for crop development and is essential for optimal photosynthetic activity. Modifying the optical properties of cover materials can significantly enhance crop performance. This study aimed to assess the effects of an experimental plastic cover, characterized by high transmittance of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and high light diffusivity, on the growth, yield, fruit quality, photosynthetic activity, and fungal disease incidence in two cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) crops. The trials were conducted over two consecutive autumn-winter crop seasons in a multispan greenhouse divided into two sectors, separated by a vertical polyethylene sheet. The experimental plastic cover was installed in the West sector (40 m × 25 m), while a standard commercial cover was used in the East sector (40 m × 20 m). Results demonstrated that plants grown under the experimental cover exhibited an 8.5% and 15.3% increase in photosynthetic activity during the first and second crop seasons, respectively. PAR radiation at the canopy level was also higher in the experimental sector by 8% and 10.5% across both seasons. Additionally, marketable yield increased by 4.2% in the first season and 14.3% in the second season under the experimental cover. No significant differences were observed in fruit quality and plant growth parameters between the two sectors. The experimental plastic cover, with its high PAR transmittance and light diffusivity, enhanced the internal light environment of the greenhouse without incurring additional costs. This improved light environment positively influenced photosynthetic activity and yield in cucumber crops. Furthermore, a lower incidence of fungal diseases was observed in plants grown under the experimental cover during both crop cycles.
Using an Improved Regularization Method and Rigid Transformation for Super-Resolution Applied on MRI Data
Authors: Zerva Matina Christina , Chantas Giannis , Kondi Lisimachos Paul
Published: October 2024

Super-resolution (SR) techniques have shown great promise in enhancing the resolution of MRI images, which are often limited by hardware constraints and acquisition time. Regularization-based methods, which incorporate prior knowledge into the SR process, have been especially effective in improving image quality and mitigating the effects of noise and blur. In this paper, we propose an advanced regularization method for MRI super-resolution that balances high-frequency detail preservation with noise suppression. By leveraging spatially adaptive regularization techniques and a robust denoising process, the proposed method outperforms traditional SR algorithms, as demonstrated on real-world MRI datasets.
The Impact of High-Salt Diet and Diuretics on the Development of the Aestival Phenomenon in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Dragunov Dmitrii O. , Sokolova Anna V. , Mitrokhin Vadim M. , Arutyunov Grigory P.
Published: October 2024

Background: Chronic heart failure (CHF) often necessitates the use of high doses of diuretics, which can lead to side effects such as worsening renal function and electrolyte imbalances. Methods: A total of 102 patients (median age 75 years) were included in the study and divided into two groups based on the level of diuretic therapy. The diuretic group received the following average doses: furosemide — 39.1 ± 22.1 mg, torasemide — 7.4 ± 3 mg, and spironolactone — 42 ± 12.4 mg. Biochemical analyses were performed on days 1 and 7 of hospitalization, with measure-ments of sodium, potassium, glucose, urea, and plasma osmolality (eOSM). Results: By day 7, the plasma osmolality in the diuretic group increased from 300 [297; 304] to 302.2 [298.3; 305.8] mOsm/L (p = 0.039). Urea levels in the diuretic group rose to 7.95 [5.65; 9.90] mmol/L by day 7, while remaining stable in the non-diuretic group at 5.90 [5.05; 7.50] mmol/L (p = 0.012). The proportion of urea to plasma osmolality (PropUrea/eOSM) in the diuretic group in-creased to 2.63% [1.89; 3.28] compared to 2.00% [1.70; 2.50] in the non-diuretic group (p = 0.011). The proportion of sodium to plasma osmolality (PropNa/eOSM) in the diuretic group decreased to 46.46% [46.02; 46.74], compared to 46.68% [46.33; 46.89] in the non-diuretic group (p = 0.050). Analysis of PropNa/eOSM and PropUrea/eOSM on day 7 without considering salt intake yielded statistically significant results, though they were less robust compared to models including salt intake. For example, in the PropUrea/eOSM model, the odds ratio (OR) was 3.01 (95% CI 1.74, 5.89; p < 0.001), and in the PropNa/eOSM model, the OR was 0.19 (95% CI 0.07, 0.43; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The study confirmed that high salt intake and active diuretic therapy significantly influence the biochemical parameters of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), contributing to the develop-ment of the aestivation phenomenon. This is characterized by an increase in nonionic osmolytes such as urea, which may represent a physiological adaptation to stress. Patients receiving diuret-ics and following a high-salt diet exhibited significant changes in plasma osmolality and urea levels, indicating a physiological adaptation that may worsen prognosis by increasing the risk of sarcopenia and cachexia. Further research is needed to better understand these mechanisms and develop strategies to mitigate the negative effects.
Exploiting the Anticancer, Antimicrobial and Antiviral Potential of Naphthoquinone Derivatives: Recent Advances and Future Prospects
Authors: Xiang Shouyan , Li Yubei , Khan Shah Nawaz , Zhang Weixin , Cui Jiahua
Published: October 2024

Cancer remains a primary cause of mortality, with over 18.1 million new cases and 9.6 million deaths globally in 2018. Chemotherapy, which utilizes a spectrum of cytotoxic drugs targeting rapidly dividing cancer cells, is a predominant treatment modality. However, the tendency of chemotherapeutics to induce drug resistance and exhibit non-specific cytotoxicity necessitates the development of new anticancer agents with heightened efficacy and minimized toxicity. In recent years, the discovery of safe and effective antibacterial/antiviral agents has also been a hot spot in medicinal chemistry. This paper comprehensively reviews the synthesis, anticancer/ antibacterial/antiviral activity, and structure-activity relationships of natural 1,4-naphthoquinones and their derivatives. It highlights their potential as efficient and low-toxicity anti-tumor and anti-infectious drug candidates.
Molecular Mechanisms of Cadmium Toxicity on Living Organisms
Authors: Davidova Slavena , Milushev Viktor Mihailov , Satchanska Galina
Published: October 2024

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal primarily found as a by-product of zinc production. Cd was a proven carcinogen, and exposure to this metal has been linked to various adverse health effects, which were first reported in the mid-19th century and thoroughly investigated by the 20th century. The toxicokinetics and dynamics of Cd reveal its propensity for long biological retention and predominant storage in soft tissues. Cd pollution, primarily from industrial activities, strongly contaminates soil and water and affects human health and ecosystems. Cd enters the human body mainly through ingestion and inhalation, with food and tobacco smoke being the primary sources. It accumulates in various organs, particularly the kidney and liver, and is known to cause severe health problems, including renal dysfunction, bone diseases, cardiovascular problems, and many others. On a cellular level, Cd disrupts numerous biological processes, inducing oxidative stress generation and DNA damage. This comprehensive review explores Cd pollution, accumulation, distribution, and biological impacts on bacteria, fungi, edible mushrooms, plants, animals, and humans on a molecular level. Molecular aspects of carcinogenesis, apoptosis, autophagy, specific gene expression, stress protein synthesis, and ROS formation caused by Cd were discussed as well. This paper also summarizes how Cd is removed from contaminated environments and the human body.
Comparative Analysis of Prompt Strategies for LLMs: Single-Task vs. Multitasking Prompts
Authors: Gozzi Manuel , Di Maio Federico
Published: October 2024

This study examines the impact of prompt engineering on large language models (LLMs), focusing on a comparison between multitasking and single-task prompts. Specifically, we explore whether a single prompt handling multiple tasks — such as Named Entity Recognition (NER), sentiment analysis, and JSON output formatting — can achieve similar efficiency and accuracy to dedicated single-task prompts. The evaluation uses a combination of performance metrics to provide a comprehensive analysis of output quality. Experiments were conducted using a selection of open-source LLMs, including LLama3.1 8B, Qwen2 7B, Mistral 7B, Phi3 Medium, and Gemma2 9B. Results show that single-task prompts do not consistently outperform multitasking prompts, highlighting the significant influence of the model’s data and architecture on performance.
Financial Management Practices and Challenges Among Food Cart Businesses in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: Insights and Implications
Authors: DOMINGO ARJHEL , PRADO JOHN PAUL
Published: October 2024

This study assessed the financial management practices and challenges of food cart businesses in Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija. The study used a descriptive research design and structured surveys and questionnaires to gather quantitative data from 20 food cart businesses. The data were analyzed using statistical tools such as weighted means, frequencies, and percentages to provide a comprehensive overview of these small enterprises' financial practices and challenges. Key findings highlight that while many businesses demonstrate basic financial literacy, significant gaps exist in financial record-keeping, budgeting, and revenue management. The study emphasizes the importance of improving these practices to ensure the sustainability and growth of food cart businesses. The research contributes to the broader discourse on small business management and economic development by identifying common challenges and offering targeted recommendations. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions, such as financial training and policy support, to enhance the financial acumen of food cart owners. This study adds to the existing body of knowledge as it provides practical insights that can benefit business owners, policymakers, and community stakeholders in fostering a more resilient and economically vibrant local economy.
Bibliometric Studies as a Publication Strategy
Authors: Ansorge Libor
Published: October 2024

The number of bibliometric studies published in the scientific literature has been increasing in recent years. Some authors publish more bibliometric studies than others do. To identify authors who focus on bibliometric studies and their publication strategy is based on these studies. To determine whether the focus on bibliometric studies can be considered a successful publication strategy. A bibliometric analysis, including a citation analysis, was used to determine the results. The Scopus database was chosen as the source of bibliometric data. In total, 100 authors who frequently publish bibliometric studies were identified. For almost half of them, bibliometric studies can be considered the main or important part of their publication portfolio. A relatively small group of authors widely publishes bibliometric studies. The bibliometric indicators of these authors indicate that this specialization in bibliometric studies is quite successful.
PGmatrix 3D Shape Peptide Hydrogel for Sustained Release of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 In Vitro
Authors: Wang Dalin , Qi Guangyan , Zhang Mingcai , Carlson Brandon , Gernon Matthew , Burton Douglas , Sun Xiuzhi Susan , Wang Jinxi
Published: October 2024

The widespread clinical application of collagen sponge-delivered recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) for spinal fusion currently remains limited. This limitation is due to potential adverse events associated with the rapid release of excessively high doses. This study aimed to investigate the impact of varying PGmatrix 3D Shape peptide hydrogel (PepGel) formulations on the release kinetics of rhBMP-2 in vitro. Three PepGel formulations were assessed: 1) 50% v/v PepGel, where solution A (crosslinking reagent) was mixed with solution B (synthetic peptides) and rhBMP-2 solution, making a 50% v/v (solution B volume/total volume) PepGel; 2) 67% v/v PepGel; 3) 80% v/v PepGel. Each sample was loaded with 12 µg of rhBMP-2 and incubated in PBS. The incubation solution containing released rhBMP-2 was collected at 1 hour, 6 hours, and 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, 14, and 21 days, and released rhBMP-2 was quantified using a BMP-2 ELISA kit. To explore how PepGel formulations influence rhBMP-2 release, the gel porosities, swelling ratios, and mechanical properties of the three PepGel formulations were quantitatively analyzed. The results showed that rhBMP-2 encapsulated with 50% v/v PepGel exhibited a sustained release over the 21-day experiment. Between days 7 and 21, the 50% v/v PepGel demonstrated significantly higher rhBMP-2 release rates compared to the 67% and 80% v/v formulations. Higher histological porosity of PepGel was significantly correlated with increased rhBMP-2 release rates. Conversely, the swelling ratio and elastic modulus at 1.0 Hz of the 50% v/v PepGel was significantly lower than that of the 67% and 80% v/v formulations. In conclusion, this study indicates that varying the formulation of crosslinked PepGel can control rhBMP-2 release rates in vitro by modulating gel porosity, swelling ratio, and mechanical properties. Encapsulation with 50% v/v PepGel offers a sustained rhBMP-2 release pattern, which could mitigate the adverse effects associated with burst release of rhBMP-2 if replicated in vivo.
Experimental and Numerical Study on a Novel Steel Beam-Column Connection to Short Stub Column Under Cyclic Loading
Authors: Taheripour Mehrdad , Saffarian Iman
Published: October 2024

This study presents the experimental and analytical evaluations on an innovative connection class under cyclic loading. The connection was an H- or I-shaped section as a short stub column (SSC) between the end-plate and the column. The stub section was bolted to the column flange on the one side and bolted to the beam along with the welded end-plate on the other side. Stiffeners were installed on the webs and flanges of the beam and stub to ensure the necessary stiffness of the connection. The variables included thickness of stub flange/web and height of stub web. The cyclic loading was applied on a sample of the proposed connection according to AISC ANSI/AISC 341-16 loading protocol. Experimental observations displayed that the proposed connection, one can either employ hot rolling sections or create the connection as a plate girder, in which case the flange thickness and stub web, as well as the distance between two flanges and their height, was obtained according to the demand and performance of the structure. The optimum cross-section of the stub was then obtained. Also, the analytical model was calibrated using the finite element method (FEM), and its performance was confirmed. The effective parameters of the proposed connection were determined by modeling in the FEM software, and the design method was presented.
Lipoprotein(a) as a Risk Factor for Recurrent Acute Myocardial Infarction and Mortality: Insights from Routine Clinical Practice
Authors: Šuran David , Kanič Vojko , Kokol Peter , Završnik Tadej , Verhnjak Florjan , Žlahtič Bojan , Sinkovič Andreja , Naji Franjo Husam
Published: October 2024

Background Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a well-established risk factor for incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular (CV) disease. However, evidence regarding its association with recurrent events is limited. To address this gap, we conducted a retrospective analysis of routine clinical data, focusing on patients hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) between 2000 and 2022 with available admission Lp(a) results. Methods Patients were stratified into three groups based on their Lp(a) level (≤50 mg/dL, 51–90 mg/dL, and >90 mg/dL). A multivariable-adjusted Cox regression analysis was performed to assess the associations of Lp(a) with recurrent AMI, CV mortality, and all-cause mortality. Results A total of 2248 patients (31.5% women), with a mean age of 64.7 ± 12.2 years, were retrospectively followed until December 31, 2022, or death. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for recurrent AMI were 1.01 (p=0.921) for levels 51–90 mg/dL and 1.51 (p=0.013) for levels >90 mg/dL, compared with levels ≤50 mg/dL. The corresponding HRs for CV mortality were 1.13 (p=0.300) and 1.14 (p=0.348), and those for all-cause mortality were 1.09 (p=0.310) and 1.20 (p=0.090), respectively. Stratification by sex and age revealed a significant association of Lp(a) with recurrent AMI only in women aged >65 years, with adjusted HRs of 2.34 (p=0.013) for levels 51–90 mg/dL and 3.94 (p90 mg/dL, compared with levels ≤50 mg/dL. Conclusions We observed a significant association of Lp(a) with recurrent AMI only in patients with Lp(a) levels >90 mg/dL. No associations were found between Lp(a) and CV or all-cause mortality. Notably, the association with recurrent AMI was most pronounced in women aged >65 years.