bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cultural Types of Partnership in Education in the 21st Century
Authors: Kozlova Oxana N. , Kozłowska Urszula
Published: April 2020

The article analyzes the logic of transformation of social connections in modern society, the impact of new technologies of communication and continuous education on the diminishing reliance on vertical connections, increased demand for mediation and partnership building both in education and social life in general. Partnership is studied as a key paradigm of modernity, the technology of reproduction of system stability in the conditions of globalization. The authors reviewed the history of the changing attitudes to competition and partnership and the modern correlation of these approaches within the social and cultural process. The diversity of partnership cultures is shown as an attribute of societal sustainable development, the creation of a system of stable reproduction of social and cultural process. At the same time, the expanded reproduction of subjectivity makes it necessary to develop the ability and desire to maintain constant dialogue interaction in educational sphere, joint development of goals and forms of partnership. The development of mediation practices and partnerships in various areas of modern social life is studied on the basis of examples from Poland
Methods of Conflict Study in the System of Education
Authors: Rostovtseva Marina V. , Mashanov Aleksandr A.
Published: April 2020

The article raises the problem of developing methods for studying conflicts in the education system. The definition of conflict is given as a process that actualises violations by the subjects of interaction of established norms, rules, laws, requirements of a particular social environment. It is emphasised that today there are two main methodological approaches to the study of conflicts: activity-oriented and personalityoriented. The activity-oriented paradigm considers conflicts from the point of view of activity and development of the subjects of interaction and social environment. The personality-oriented approach focuses on the importance of personal characteristics of the interacting parties to resolve a conflict situation. The authors propose a comprehensive approach based on the symbiosis of personality-oriented and activity-oriented paradigms, which allows to take into account the main personal factors of subjects in the process of deployment and resolution of conflicts at each stage of a conflict situation: characterological peculiarities, self-esteem and intelligence, as well as behaviour strategies. An empirical pilot study was conducted among students of Siberian Federal University in order to determine leading personality features of an individual, which occupy the central place in a conflict, regardless of its stage and determine their relationship with the level of proneness to conflicts of a person. The data obtained allowed us to come to preliminary conclusions that a low level of proneness to conflicts is associated with such qualities as high intelligence, ability to think outside the box, emotional stability, self-confidence and awareness of one’s own capabilities. A high level of proneness to conflicts is due to the student’s inability or unwillingness to understand and accept the individuality of other people, inability to forgive others for their mistakes, low intelligence, emotional instability and anxiety. The revealed relationships confirmed the effectiveness of using an integrated approach to the study of conflicts, as well as the theoretical assumption of the mutual influence of individual psychological characteristics and the level of proneness to conflicts of a person. The results of the study will allow us to investigate the mechanisms of conflict behaviour of learners, taking into account their individual psychological characteristics at each stage of the development of a conflict situation, and therefore manage conflicts in the education system
Manifestations of Aggression in the Adolescent Environment
Authors: Sobkin Vladimir S. , Kalashnikova Ekaterina A. , Fedotova Aleksandra V.
Published: April 2020

The article discusses the peculiar features of physical aggression among adolescents and the main motives that encourage them to resort to violence. It is based on the materials obtained by the researchers of the Center for Sociology of Education of the Institute of Education Management of the Russian Academy of Education in the course of an anonymous questionnaire survey of 2983 students in grades 7, 9 and 11 of Moscow schools. The analysis of the influence of gender, age, and social stratification factors reveals motivational dominants that determine the characteristic features of the adolescents’ participation in fights depending on gender and age. Special focus is given to physical aggression in the walls of an educational organization, and namely the prevalence of fights on school grounds and the adolescents’ opinions about their teachers’ reactions to fights between their students. A fairly high level of prevalence of fights among girls indicates a significant deformation of traditional gender-role behaviors in the adolescent subculture. The research results in the conclusion that manifestations of physical aggression are related to both social mechanisms of the adolescent subculture functioning and mental characteristics of adolescence
Intercultural Mediation Addressed to Refugees and Asylum Seekers in Italy
Authors: Zannoni Federico
Published: April 2020

Starting from a preliminary definition of the concept of mediation and its possible applications, this article aims to deepen the concept and practice of intercultural mediation. After an analysis of the reality of multicultural society in Italy and of the phenomenon of the arrival of refugees and asylum seekers from Africa, we will move on to presenting the principles and good practices of intercultural mediation implemented in the reception and integration services. Finally, the results of a research carried out within the services of the city of Reggio Emilia, in particular through group discussions with young men seeking asylum, guests of some residential structures, will be presented
Circular thermoactive interphase inclusion in a piecewise homogeneous transversal-isotropic space
Authors: Kryvyi O. F. , Morozov Yu. O.
Published: April 2020

An exact solution of the stationary thermoelasticity problem about interfacial circular absolutely rigid inclusion, which is under conditions of complete adhesion and under conditions of smooth contact with transversely homogeneous spaces, is constructed. The task with the help of the constructed discontinuous solution, by the method of singular integral relations, is reduced to a system of singular integral equations (SIE). An exact solution has been built for the specified systems of two-dimensional singular integral equations. As a result, dependences jumps of stresses and displacement on temperature, equivalent load, main moments and thermomechanical characteristics of transversally isotropic materials. The influence of the type of contact interaction on the behavior of the solutions is established. In particular, it has been shown that the stresses in the neighborhood of the inclusion with a smooth contact have a root singularity, and with complete coupling, the root singularity, which is amplified by oscillation. The behavior of the generalized intensity coefficient (GCIN) was studied for the combination of various transversely isotropic materials at different power and temperature loads.
Direct integration method in three-dimensional elasticity and thermoelasticity problems for inhomogeneous transversely isotropic solids: governing equations in terms of stresses
Authors: Kushnir R. M. , Tokovyy Y. V. , Boiko D. S.
Published: April 2020

An efficient technique for thermoelastic analysis of inhomogeneous anisotropic solids is suggested within the framework of three-dimensional formulation. By making use of the direct integration method, a system of governing equations is derived in order to solve three-dimensional problems of elasticity and thermoelasticity for transversely isotropic inhomogeneous solids with elastic and thermo-physical properties represented by differentiable functions of the variable in the direction that is transversal to the plane of isotropy. By implementing the relevant separation of variables, the obtained equations can be uncoupled and reduced to second-kind integral equations for individual stress-tensor components and the total stress, which represents the trace of the stress tensor. The latter equations can be attempted by any of the numerical, analyticalnumerical, or analytical means available for the solution of the second-kind integral equations. In order to construct the solutions in an explicit form, an advanced solution technique can be developed on the basis of the resolvent-kernel method implying the series representation by the recurring kernels, computed iteratively by the original kernel of an integral equation.
Analysis of reservoir’s mass influence on the system free – surfaced liquid and spherical reservoir
Authors: Limarchenko O. S. , Sliusarchuk Y. A.
Published: April 2020

Within the framework of combined motion the effect of ratio of masses of reservoir and liquid on the behavior of a free surface of liquid in the reservoir of spherical shape is studied. We suppose that liquid is ideal and it fills partially the reservoir. Mathematical modelling is done on the basis of the model, which takes into account combined character of nonlinear dynamics of liquid and the reservoir. Examples were done based on mathematical model of combined motion of liquid in spherical reservoir and free-surfaced liquid under harmonic force disturbance in horizontal direction. Two cases of the ratio of masses in the system are considered. First, the mass of the reservoir is 5 times less than the mass of the liquid; the mass of the reservoir is 5 times greater than the mass of the liquid. In order to identify specific features of the system behavior, the results were compared with the results for liquid behavior in cylindrical and conical reservoirs. It was ascertained that mass increasing has no tendency of converging to a steady mode of motion, which was confirmed experimentally. Distinctions of manifestation of nonlinear processes for the below-resonance, near-resonance and above-resonance modes are shown. We note manifestation of nonlinear effects such as modulation, the presence of high-frequency normal modes of oscillations, antiresonance and drift of the mean of oscillations.
Realization of calculation of bended deformations of teeth of gear wheels from composites
Authors: Mozharovsky V. V. , Mоskaleva M. V.
Published: April 2020

In this work the implementation of calculation of bended deformations of teeth of gear wheels from composites is considered. To solve the problems considered (calculation of stress-strain state), an automated technique was developed and a program module was created. The flexural deformation of a toothed tooth tooth from a fibrous material with anisotropic properties under the action of concentrated force in various distinctive points on the surface of the tooth is researched. To calculate the deformation of gear wheels from metals and plastics, a program is also developed in the Delphi environment, which makes it possible to implement the calculation of the coefficient of bending deformation of the tooth of the toothed wheel. Three models of the tooth were considered: in the form of a wedge, parabolas and evolvents with a gallet. The algorithm is developed and the program, which implements the calculation of the bending coefficient coefficient for three models of the gear tooth of composites, is developed.
The stress state in an elastic body with a rigid inclusion of the shape of three segments broken line under the action of the harmonic oscillation of the longitudinal shift
Authors: Popov V. G. , Lytvyn O. V.
Published: April 2020

There is a thin absolutely rigid inclusion that in a cross-section represents three segments broken line in an infinite elastic medium (matrix) that is in the conditions of antiplane strain. The inclusion is under the action of harmonic shear force Pe^{iwt} along the axis Oz. Under the conditions of the antiplane strain the only one different from 0 z-component of displacement vector W (x; y) satisfies the Helmholtz equation. The inclusion is fully couple with the matrix. The tangential stresses are discontinuous on the inclusion with unknown jumps.

The method of the solution is based on the representation of displacement W (x; y) by discontinuous solutions of the Helmholtz equation. After the satisfaction of the conditions on the inclusion the system of integral equations relatively unknown jumps is obtained. One of the main results is a numerical method for solving the obtained system, which takes into account the singularity of the solution and is based on the use of the special quadrature formulas for singular integrals.
On the magnitude and possible return period of the historical earthquake in ancient Savaria, 455 AD (Szombathely, West Hungary)
Authors: Varga Péter
Published: April 2020

In 455 AD a strong, presumably M ≥ 6.0, earthquake occurred in or near the ancient town Savaria, the present Szombathely, West Hungary. According to the certainly incomplete earthquake catalogue, since then no similar significant seismic event occurred during the last 1500 years in this area which is currently considered inactive. Conclusions of this study are: (1) According to contemporary written historical sources (Annales Ravennates and biographical information about the life of Saint Severinus), the earthquake that destroyed Savaria and occurred in 455 AD had a magnitude of M ≥ 6.0. (2) In order to support the aforementioned magnitude value calculations were necessary. As the historical seismicity of the area is not known sufficiently an independent geodynamical approach – in parallel to the Gutenberg-Richter relationship – was used to estimate the return interval of earthquakes M ≥ 6. It was found in both cases that in the Szombathely region the recurrence time of earthquakes M6 and M6.5 is 1000 and 3000 years. Consequently, the earthquake activity of the Szombathely region is significantly lower than that of the Pannonian Basin in general.
ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF THE COMPETITIVE STRATEGY OF THE RUSSIAN TV CHANNEL MATCH TV
Authors: Kuznetsov A. N.
Published: April 2020

There are four areas of competition on Russian television: genre programming, technological innovation, traditional television and the advertising market. Television is a dynamically developing market, which means that it is applicable to use a defensive or offensive strategy. In this article, we will consider and evaluate the potential of the competitive strategy of the publicly available federal TV channel Match-TV.
MINIMAX MODEL AND BALL-RATING APPROACH FOR REMUNERATION OF EMPLOYEES THE SPORTS SECTIONS OF UNIVERSITY
Authors: Vygodchikova I. Yu.
Published: April 2020

In article offers solution of problem the improving of quality the management in field of sports services of university. Point-rating system and minimax optimization model are used to assess the level of staff performance in two main divisions: experienced qualified employees and young developing employees. On average, the amount of remuneration for coaches of the first (higher) level of qualification will be higher than for coaches of the second (lower) level, since employees of the highest level will receive an additional point for experience and qualifications. For coaches of the second level, maximum diligence and absence of errors in work are necessary, which will significantly increase level of remuneration. The introduction of such system of remuneration for employees of sports sections of universities will encourage coaches to increase their professional status and improve their skills.
Variability of the Clinical Picture of Broca's Agraphia during Implementation of Different Cultural Functions of Writing
Authors: Ivanova E.G. , Skvortsov A.A. , Mikadze Y.V.
Published: April 2020

The research is devoted to the study of writing errors in patients with Broca’s aphasia performing the human-specific writing tasks. The object of the study is writing, the
subject – disorder of writing in Broca’s agraphia. The aim of the research was to identify the most specific types of errors in writing language, depending on the cultural and historical significance of the actualized functions of writing language in Broca’s aphasia. Used instruments include classical neuropsychological assessment as well as specially developed experimental tasks aimed at actualization of cultural-historical functions of writing (communicative, mnestic and regulatory functions). Nonparametric Chi-square Friedman and Wilcoxon T-criteria used for pairwise comparison of data and analtysis of the distribution of errors. The study involved 22 patients with organic brain damage due to ischemic stroke in the basin of the left middle cerebral artery. Shown that the most specific grammatical errors were syntactic errors such as breaking of the sentence boundaries, omissions of independent and functional words, disorders of concordance and execution. Diversity in the performance of writing tasks that are similar in neuropsychological component structure but differ in functional purposes are explained by the choice of different strategies of writing. However, the general pattern is the dominance of the semantic content of the text over its formal structuring, expressed in grammatical rules. The research confirms that when studying agraphia, it is important to consider both structural (speech act operations) and functional (cultural and historical specific) aspects of writing.
Situational-Vectorial Analysis of Transcripts of Sessions, Aimed at Overcoming of Learning Difficulties: A Case Study
Authors: Nikolaevskaia I.A.
Published: April 2020

The article presents an analysis of the case of the provision of psychological and pedagogical help to students with learning difficulties by means of a reflective-activity approach. The evaluation carried out using the methodology of situational-vectorial analysis, developed on the basis of a multi-dimensional model of zone of proximal development and modification of the method of analysis of speech production in creative problem solving. The article briefly describes the stages of applying the methodology: dividing transcripts into situations, analyzing the statements of the counsellor and the student using the method of analyzing of speech production in solving creative problems, correlating statements with the described vectors, fixing the dynamics of changes in the boundaries of the zones of proximal and actual development. Provided detailed analysis of three situations from three sessions with a student of 6th grade who have difficulties in English, the dynamics of personal development described.
Preconditioned Splitting Series Approximation for 2D Rough Surface Scattering
Authors: Wei Jia , Ge Zengxi , Rong Mianshui , Ba Zhenning
Published: April 2020

Scattering sensitivity of waves to surface roughness has been widely observed in many fields. Some series approximations for rough surface scattering, such as the general Born, the splitting, and the preconditioned splitting series, are presented for a numerical description of rough surface scattering by multiscale surfaces. In fact, the splitting series approximation is a specific form of the preconditioned splitting series. Numerical tests with several benchmark models are compared with the full-waveform numerical solution and the general Born series approximation to investigate the range of validity of the splitting and the preconditioned splitting series approximations. The splitting and the preconditioned splitting series approximations to multiscale surfaces are not subject to the strict limit applied to the general Born series approximation. Each order of the splitting series represents an increase of multiple scatterings between surface points. Therefore, higher-order splitting series approximation accounts for stronger surface scattering. A suitable preconditioned splitting and the splitting series approximations improve the general Born series approximation for the convergence of high-incident angle scattering, and, therefore, become realistic methods for multiscale surfaces with infinite gradients and extremely large surface heights. This series approximation mathematically provides a unified framework for rough surface scattering, which contains Born or Rytov series approximation as specific cases.
Lipid Lowering Treatment and Follow Up in Recent Post Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients: Real-World Evidence from the Multicenter Observational Prospective - Post Acute Coronary Syndrome Italian Study (PACSI)
Authors: Faggiano Pompilio , Patti Giuseppe , Cercone Stefania , Canullo Laura , Rossini Roberta , Perna Gian Piero , Pirillo Angela , Fattirolli Francesco , Terrosu Gianfranco , Temporelli Pier Luigi , Catapano Alberico
Published: April 2020

PURPOSE: Patients suffering from an acute coronary syndrome are at very high risk for recurrent events. Early targeted pharmacological intervention primarily aimed at controlling plasma LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels can result in the reduction of recurrent cardiovascular events. This study aimed to evaluate real-life evidence from the Italian setting to document current practice of secondary prevention in patients after acute coronary syndrome (ACS), specifically assessing: (i) the rate of LDL-C target (<70 mg/dl) achievement after 6-10 weeks from index event and at later follow-up, (ii) the distance from LDL-C target during follow up, (iii) adherence rate and visit attendance. METHODS Multicenter observational prospective clinical study ACS patients, evaluating target attainment rate at 6 weeks (V0) and 18 months (V2). RESULTS Approximately 97.4% patients enrolled (N=524) received statin-based therapy, and 3.6% received ezetimibe at discharge; mean LDL-C values decreased from 113.0±44.7 mg/dL at discharge to 71.3±26.5 mg/dl at V0. Among patients with known LDL-C for main time-points, 51.7% achieved target LDL-C at V0, 45.8% at V2. Among patients not reaching the target, the mean distance from target was 23.5±20.7 mg/dL. Attainment of target LDL-C was similar in patients receiving intensive or low-moderate statin-based treatment (approximately 50%). LDL-C target attainment was associated with lower LDL-C value at discharge and smoking status. Adherence to statin treatment was high (96.2%) throughout, similarly to medical appointment attendance at V2 (84.7%). CONCLUSION Despite most ACS patients receiving intensive statin-based regimens, only approximately half achieved LDL-C target, suggesting the need for further optimizing drug selection, combination and dosage.
Genetic Improvement of Lentil [Lens culinaris Medikus] Between 1980 and 2010 in Ethiopia
Authors: Bogale Daniel Admasu , Mekbib Firew , Fikre Asnake
Published: April 2020

Information about changes associated with advances in crop breeding is essential for understanding yield-limiting factors and developing new strategies for future breeding programs. Eleven lentil varieties released in Ethiopia between 1980 and 2010 were grown in 2010 main cropping season at Debre Zeit and Enewari using Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications with the objective to estimate the genetic progress in grain yield and agro-morphological traits of lentil. The estimated yield gains were 18.02 kg ha-1yr–1 at Enewari and 27.82 kg ha-1yr –1 at Debre Zeit, which suggests that the breeding effort does not have a similar effect on the two locations. Besides, significantly increasing trends parallel to variety release were also evident for biomass yield, biomass production rate, reduced days to flowering, and hundred seed weight at Debre Zeit. And also for biomass yield, hundred seed weight, biomass production rate, seed growth rate, and reduced number of seeds per pod at Enewari. Stepwise regression analysis also showed that biomass yield, harvest index, reduced number of days to flowering and plant height at Debre Zeit; seed growth rate and grain filling period at Enewari accounted for 99.8% and 94.5% of the variation among the varieties in grain yield respectively. The genetic gain was most clearly associated with a higher biomass yield and harvest index at Debre Zeit indicating the importance of biomass partitioning. The increase in seed growth rate and grain filling period with gradual reduction in number of seeds per pod associated with an increased hundred seed weight has represented the main breeding goal with an effect on the sink capacity at Enewari.
Tree Species Preferred for Wood Fuel in Brick Making in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania
Authors: Magembe Kija Steven , Makonda Fortunatus B. S.
Published: April 2020

This study aimed at identifying the tree species commonly used in brick making in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania and proposing means for generation of modified energy sources that would cover the full value of forest resource production and consumption. The research approach was two-folds using; Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) and quantitative measurements. Results revealed that almost all brick makers in the area used fuelwood as the major energy sources. Nine (9) tree species were used in brick making, namely; Mkarati (Burkea africana), Mlama (Combretum molle), Mbiriti (Senna siamea), Muarobaini (Azadirachta indica) and Mwembe (Mangifera indica). Others were Mkaratusi (Eucalyptus spp), Mchongoma (Pithecellobium dulce) Mjohoro (Senna spectabilis) and Mkrisimasi (Delonix regia). Of these, Mkarati, Mwembe, Mlama and Mbiriti were mostly preferred, though other species were also used insignificantly. Increasing scarcity of some of other tree species meant that deforestation from the nearby forests was a common problem. To reduce deforestation in the area, use of alternative energy sources in brick making such as rice husks and bagasse are recommended. Other recommendations are the establishment of woodlots, practicing agro-forestry systems and intensive afforestation and reforestation programmes for more sustainable fuelwood use.
HPTLC Profiles and Antioxidant Activities from Leaves to Green and Roasted Beans of Coffea Arabica
Authors: Bubueanu Corina , Pavaloiu Ramona , Pirvu Lucia
Published: April 2020

The health benefits of coffee consumption are a very actual research subject, given the fact that is one of the most popular beverages in the world. The majority of the studies are concentrated to coffee beans (green or roasted) chemical composition (the most important non-volatile compounds investigated being phenols and alkaloids) and pharmacological activity. Green coffee is now in the market in the form of food supplements products. In the present, the chemical composition and bioactivity of the leaves occupy a small place in scientific papers.

This research paper investigate, in terms of caffeine, phenolic compounds composition and antioxidant activities, the differences and similarities between hydroalcoholic extracts of Coffea arabica leaves and green and roasted beans. The extracts profiles, determined by HPTLC technique, shows the major phenolic compounds. Through chromatographic fingerprint, the presence and the amount of caffeine in the extracts were also determined. The total phenolic content (TPC) (Folin Ciocalteu method) expressed as gallic acid equivalents decrease from the leaves to green and roasted coffee beans extracts. The IC50 (concentration of sample required to inhibit 50% of the DPPH free radical) was determined by free radical scavenging activity of Dpph. The IC50 values were TPC concentration-dependent. The obtained results show that in the hydroalcoholic extracts of the leaves are almost the same major phenolic compounds as in the green coffee beans extract. Also, the leaves extract have a higher content in total phenols and a better antioxidant activity comparative to the other samples. Therefore, this paper can be the first step for further investigations of coffee leaves extracts, which might have important health beneficial effects and can be a reliable raw material for food supplements industry.
Characteristics Analysis of High Energy External Radiotherapy Beams in Water
Authors: Rahman M. A. , Alam M. Jahangir , Akhtaruzzaman M.
Published: April 2020

High energy external radiotherapy beam is being used widely for cancer treatment. Biological effect of radiation is concerned with the evaluation of energy absorbed in the tissue. The study of photon and electron beam characteristics is necessary before calibration machine. The aim of this study was to analysis characteristics of depth dose of different energy beams in water to enhance the quality of the radiotherapy treatment planning. Beam is attenuated by the medium and the transmitted beam with less intensity causes lesser absorbed dose as the depth increases. Relative attenuation on certain points on the beam axis and certain percentage of doses on different depths for 4-15 MV photon beams and 4-18 MeV electron beams have been investigated. Depth dose characteristics of the beams do not show identical attributes as interaction of the beams with matters is mainly governed by beam quality. Attenuation and penetration parameters show variation with dosimetric parameters like field size due to scattering and source to surface distance due to inverse square law but the major parameter in interaction is energy. Detailed analysis of the beam characteristics helps to select appropriate beam for radiotherapy treatment when variety of beam energies available and hence to increase accuracy in radiotherapy treatment.
Case of a placental site trophoblastic tumor that manifested a pulmonary hemorrhage
Authors: Berdnikov R. B. , Bazhenov A. V. , Petkau V. V. , Mal'tseva A. S. , Sorokina N. D.
Published: April 2020

Placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) is the 3rd most frequently encountered gestational trophoblastic tumor after destructive cystic mole and choriocarcinoma. Currently, according to the literature, just over 600 cases are described in the world. The low incidence of this tumor, the non-specific clinical picture and the lack of changes in the overall clinical analysis pose significant challenges for clinicians in terms of reliable preoperative diagnosis. Clinical observation is made of a 34-year-old patient with PSTT manifested by hemoptysis due to bilateral metastatic lung injury. The diagnosis was verified histologically using immunohistochemical methods of investigation after an open biopsy of pulmonary tissue (lung resection). Then the patient underwent courses of adjuvant chemotherapy, surgical intervention on the opposite lung to remove the remaining tumor deposits Chemotherapy after the second surgery was continued. The patient at the time of writing (within 1 year and 6 months after the first lung operation) is alive, hysterectomy was not performed, clinical and radiological signs of tumor progression are absent.
Experimental field data for modeling the growth response of tef to nitrogen fertilizer and water stress
Authors: Paff Kirsten E , Asseng Senthold , Araya A. , Davison J. , Getu A. , Giday Okubay
Published: April 2020

Field data from six experiments covering a wide range of growing conditions were organized for tef growth and cropping systems modeling. The data included (i) an irrigation experiment in the Tigray region of Ethiopia, (ii) a cultivar trial at Fallon, NV, USA, (iii) a nitrogen fertilizer experiment in the Jamma District of Ethiopia, (iv) a nitrogen fertilizer experiment in the Ofla District of Ethiopia, (v) a nitrogen fertilizer experiment in the Ada area of Ethiopia, and (vi) a nitrogen fertilizer experiment at Gare Arera, Ethiopia. The combined data set covered 40 experimental treatments and 131 observations. Time series data were limited to biomass data from two treatments from the Tigray region experiment. All other crop related data was measured at maturity. Daily weather data was taken primarily from satellite weather databases for Ethiopia, and from weather stations in the USA. These data have been used in various agronomic studies, as well as the calibration of the DSSAT Tef model. The results of this model calibration are also included in this paper. The objective of this paper was to present and preserve all of the field data used for calibrating the DSSAT Tef model, as well as the tef model’s simulations of the field data.
Prevalence of disability using rapid assessment of disability toolkit among adult residents of rural Delhi, India
Authors: Chauhan Nitesh , Kaur Gagan Deep , Khan Samreen
Published: April 2020

Background: India is committed to ensure development inclusive of persons with disability. Recently a sensitive and specific Rapid Assessment of Disability toolkit has been developed to assess the disability prevalence by United Nations Convention on Disability. Studies using this toolkit in India are inadequate leading to paucity of data regarding disability. The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of disability among adults of a rural area of Delhi.Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study, carried out among adults of Fatehpur Beri village, Delhi. A total of 660 participants were assessed using the rapid assessment of disability toolkit. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the prevalence, Chi-square and Fischer’s exact test was used for bivariate analysis.Results: The prevalence of disability was found to be 8.6% and was similar among both genders. A higher proportion of persons with disability belonged to lower socioeconomic class, were likely to be unmarried, widow/widower, separated/divorced also either illiterate or had studied till primary school only and more often unemployed as compared those without disability.Conclusions: Persons with disability had a significantly lower educational, occupational, socioeconomic attainment. Large scale studies are needed to provide data for planning inclusive development.
Illness profile of the patients and risk factors for violence against health care workers working in emergency department
Authors: Gupta Dharmendra Kumar , Singh Rajendra Pal , Agarwal Ajay Kumar , Bisht Shailja
Published: April 2020

Background: Emergency services are the back bone of the every hospital, providing 24×7 health care services. Health care workers (HCWs) working in emergency department are always at a greater risk of violence. Factors leading to violence against HCWs need to be addressed to curb these incidents. Aim and objective: To study illness profile of admitted patients through emergency, find out factors leading to violence against health care workers (HCWs) working in emergency, and to recommend development of optimum skills and measures for minimizing violence.Methods: It was a cross-sectional retrospective record and focus group discussion based study. Study included patient of all age group admitted through emergency department in a tertiary care hospital in Uttar Pradesh between 01 August 2019 to 31October 2019. Data was taken from the hospital record and focal group discussion held with casualty medical officers, consultants, senior residents, junior residents, PG students, intern nursing staff and quality department. The information collected was analysed using SPSS version 20.0.Results: Out of 7094 participants, 50.4% were female. Majority of the participants (33%) were 17-32 years of the age group. Most common factor responsible for the violence was poor communication skills followed by harsh voice, poor behavior and death of the patient.Conclusions: Large number of the HCWs working in the emergency department are victims of violence by patients and their relatives. Most of the cases are underreported. There is a need to train doctors in soft skills and handling sensitive situations through appropriate measures for the safety of staff.
A study of comparison of tension band wiring versus plating for olecranon fractures
Authors: Chandresh Tada Dhwanil , Parikh Kushal Nikhil , Shah Varun Sanjiv , Goriya Bhagirath Durlabhjibhai
Published: April 2020

Background: Olecranon fractures are one of the common fractures around the elbow, comprising around 37% of all fractures occurring around the elbow. Olecranon fractures are commonly treated with either plating or tension band wiring. The purpose of current study is to compare the clinical and radiological outcome of tension band wiring and plate fixation in patients operated for olecranon fractures.

Methods: Current study was conducted in a tertiary care center from May 2017-2019. Study compromises of 30 patients operated for olecranon fractures. Clinical and radiological outcome of patients treated with tension band wiring or plating and assessed using the Mayo’s elbow score at 6 months follow up.

Results: Out of the 30 patients, 15 were treated with tension band wiring and 15 were treated using open reduction and plating. Out of the 15 operated with tension-band wiring (TBW) K wire on follow up 11 showed excellent score on Mayo elbow score, 2 had good results and 2 had fair results. In patients operated with Plating 12 showed excellent result on follow up and 3 showed good result. No patient had fair or poor score.

Conclusions: Both tension band wiring and plate fixation are effective methods for treatment of olecranon fractures however complications regarding symptomatic metal prominence and superficial infection were higher in patients treated with tension band wiring as compared to plate fixations.
Low-grade spondylolisthesis: is transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion superior to posterolateral fusion
Authors: Seenappa Hiranya Kumar , Mittemari Karthik Narayanamurthy , Nimmagadda Vamshikrishna Chand
Published: April 2020

Background: Spondylolisthesis is anterior translation of the cephalad vertebra relative to the adjacent caudal segment. Both posterolateral fusion (PLF) and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) and have shown high fusion rates with good clinical outcomes. But it is not clear which treatment leads to better outcomes, as limited studies have been done to compare PLF and TLIF in low grade spondylolisthesis. Our objective is to determine whether PLF or TLIF was associated with better clinical and radiological outcomes in patients with low grade spondylolisthesis.

Methods: Fourty patients were enrolled and assigned into PLF (n=20) or TLIF (n=20) group. The outcome measures were: clinical outcomes as assessed with a visual analogue scale and the modified Oswestry disability index, the fusion rate based on radiographs.

Results: The improvement of visual analog score (VAS) of low back pain was greater in TLIF than in PLF (89.6% versus 88.7%, p=0.79). The improvement of VAS of leg pain was greater in TLIF than in PLF (96.5% versus 94.8%; p=0.27). The improvement of Oswestry disability index (ODI) was greater in TLIF than in PLF (71.7% vs 69.8%, p=0.32). The fusion rate was 85% in TLIF and 75% in PLF (p=0.43).  Overall outcome was excellent in 80% in TLIF compared to 65% in PLF (p=0.29).

Conclusions: Fusion rates are higher in TLIF and average functional outcomes (VAS and ODI) were better in TLIF compared to PLF.  Larger and longer studies may provide a significant outcome. Based on our results and literature review, we conclude that TLIF is superior to PLF.
Bark Characteristics of Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth. and Acacia mangium Willd. From Industrial Plantation Forest
Authors: Mutiar Sri , Kasim Anwar , - Emriadi , Asben Alfi
Published: April 2020

Increasing the value of bark can be known through the characteristics of the bark such as physical properties, the grade of fiber quality and the chemical composition of the bark. The purpose of this study is to find out the characteristics of the bark of the acacia plant species (i.e. Acacia auriculiformis and Acacia mangium) of Industrial Plantation Forest. The characteristics of the bark observed includes physical properties, quality grade of fiber and chemical composition. The results of this study showed that the bark density, thickness and water content of A. auriculiformis were 1.18g/cm3, 1.55 mm and 35.27% respectively, while, the bark density, thickness and water content of A. mangium were  0.95 g/cm3, 1.23 mm and 48.21% respectively. The fiber qualities of both plants are classified as grade III.  The extractive substance levels of A. auriculiformis and A. mangium were 23.06% and 20.63%, respectively. Based on the analysis with GCMS it can be seen that the main compounds dissolve-hexane from species A. auriculiformis were 2-phenyl phenol 33.6% and palmitic acid 13.5%. In the species A. mangium the main compounds soluble n-hexane were palmitic acid 28.97% and oleic acid 21.43%. The results of the analysis showed that these two bark species could potentially to be adhesives materials, tanning agent, particle boards, and inhibitors at the rate of corrosion of steel.
Implementing Occupational Safety and Health Management System in a Forest Management Unit (FMU) X: A Financial Analysis
Authors: Lestari Ika , Yovi Efi Yuliati , Kuncahyo Budi
Published: April 2020

Occupational safety and health (OSH) issues in the Indonesian forestry sector have not been addressed properly even though activities in this sector pose a high risk of OSH disorders. The standard instrument (applies on a national scale) to ensure OSH protection in each business units is the Sistem Manajemen K3 (SMK3, Government Regulation Numbered 50 Year 2012). At present, not many forest management units in Indonesia are willing to implement integrated SMK3, because of the assumption that SMK3 is a cost-centered activity. This study aims to present an overview of SMK3 implementation cost (for 64, 122, and 166 criteria) in a Forest Management Unit (FMU) X, as well as analyzing financial capacity of the FMU X to allocate sufficient funds for the SMK3 implementation.  The results showed that the Acacia mangium plantation in the FMU X is a feasible business, indicated by the Net Present Value (NPV) of IDR377,690,545, Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) 3.96, and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) 25.02%. Further analysis shows that FMU X has good financial ability to support any cost required in implementating SMK3.  It is the best for the FMU X to implement 166 criteria (advanced level) of SMK3 (at a cost of IDR704,598/ha/year, NPV of IDR376,393,262, BCR 3.92, and IRR 24.75%).
La mortalidad materna. El plan de choque del Gobierno Nacional, tiempo de hacer cambios Maternal mortality. Colombian government shock plan, time to make changes
Authors: Gaitán Hernando
Published: April 2020

El artículo principal de este número de la Revista Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología nos presenta el escenario de la mortalidad materna en Antioquia, Colombia. Este departamento de acuerdo a la encuesta nacional de demografía y salud se pude considerar como uno de los departamentos con los mejores indicadores de salud en el país, tales como: atención prenatal por médico, contenido del control prenatal, parto institucional y cobertura del programa de citología cervicovaginal. 1Este estudio nos muestra la mortalidad materna presente en las mejores condiciones de atención en el país, distantes de las condiciones reales en zonas como el litoral pacifico, la costa atlántica, los antiguos territorios nacionales y las áreas de concentración de desplazados, con grandes limitaciones de acceso a los servicios de salud.El estudio evalúa la mortalidad materna por hemorragia bajo el modelo de las 3 demoras, 2 nos muestra la importancia de la demora en recibir el cuidado apropiado, seguido por la demora en decidir acudir al médico cuando se presenta el embarazo o cuando se presentan signos de alarma. Por otra parte, aunque en menor proporción, sigue teniendo un efecto negativo la demora para acceder a los servicios de salud, ya sea por problemas de acceso y, ausencia de infraestructura.
La depresión postparto en madres adolescentes de Bucaramanga, Colombia
Authors: Latorre-Latorre José Fidel , Contreras-Pezzotti Leddy Marina , García-Rueda Susana , Arteaga-Medina Juan
Published: April 2020

La depresión, más frecuente en la mujer, es un problema mundial, cuyas probabilidades de padecerla aumentan durante el puerperio. Las cifras de incidencia de depresión en el posparto son variables pero, en algunas comunidades latinoamericanas, se han informado valores superiores al 20%. Se ha reportado incremento de la incidencia durante la adolescencia. En Colombia no se conocen cifras en madres de esta edad.Objetivos: establecer la incidencia de depresión posparto en adolescentes de Bucaramanga y compararla con la presentada en mujeres mayores.Métodos: estudio de cohorte (mayo/2003 – abril/2004) con 286 mujeres puérperas provenientes de once centros asistenciales de Bucaramanga y seguidas seis semanas. Se recogió información sobre aspectos sociodemográficos, variables obstétricas, antecedentes psiquiátricos, datos del recién nacido y lactancia. El diagnóstico de depresión posparto fue establecido por un psiquiatra de acuerdo con criterios de DSM IV. Se midieron tasas de incidencia por grupos de edad, se calcularon razones de tasas y se ajustó el riesgo de padecerla por regresión de Cox.Resultados: la tasa de incidencia de depresión pospartoen adolescentes fue de 0,6 casos/1.000 días – persona (IC 95% 0,07–2,2); en mujeres de 21 a 34 años fue de 1,0 caso/1.000 días – persona (IC 95% 0,3–2,0); y de 1,9 casos/1.000 días – persona (IC95% 0,3–5,4) en mujeres mayores. Cuando se hizo ajuste, el hazard ratio fue de 3,0 (IC95% 0,3–29,9) para las mujeres de 21 a 34 años y de 7,4 (IC 95% 0,6–95,6) para las madres mayores de 34 comparándolas con adolescentes.Conclusiones: la depresión posparto constituye un problema de salud frecuente en Bucaramanga. Las madres adolescentes no presentan un riesgo mayor que el de otras mujeres.
Prevalencia de Chlamydia Trachomatis detectada por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en un grupo de mujeres jóvenes sintomáticas y asintomáticas en Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Sánchez Ruth Mélida , Ruiz-Parra Ariel Iván , Ostos-Ortiz Olga Lucía
Published: April 2020

Introducción: la Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) es considerada hoy como la causa más frecuente de infecciones de transmisión sexual y enfermedad pélvica inﬂamatoria. Aproximadamente la mitad de los casos de infección por Chlamydia trachomatis cursan en forma asintomática lo que diﬁculta su detección clínica temprana y aumenta la probabilidad de secuelas a largo plazo.Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de infección por C. trachomatis en un grupo de mujeres jóvenes con y sin leucorrea en Bogotá, Colombia.Metodología: estudio de corte transversal en el que se investigó por la técnica de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa la presencia de C. trachomatis en 355 muestras de orina obtenidas de mujeres jóvenes con o sin leucorrea. Las muestras fueron recolectadas en dos instituciones de primer nivel de la Secretaría Distrital de Salud y en dos instituciones públicas de educación superior, durante los meses de junio y julio del 2004. Se investigaron variables sociodemográﬁcas de interés y prácticas anticonceptivas.Resultados: se detectaron 19 muestras positivas, de las cuales 5 correspondían a mujeres sin leucorrea y 14 a pacientes con leucorrea. La prevalencia de infección fue 5,35% (IC 95% 3,25-8.23) en el grupo total, 2,86% (IC 95% 0,93-6,54) en las mujeres sin leucorrea y 7,78% (IC 95% 4,31-12,70) en las pacientes con leucorrea.Conclusión: la prevalencia encontrada en este estudio indica que la infección por C. trachomatis constituye un problema de interés en salud pública. Aunque la leucorrea puede considerarse como un marcador de infección por Chlamydia, dada la tendencia a mayor frecuencia en este grupo de pacientes, la prevalencia en mujeres asintomáticas fue importante y justiﬁca ofrecer su detección en forma más amplia.