bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Panorama de dispositifs de classes de découverte (CDD) en France : quelle tension entre enjeux didactiques et fondements pédagogiques ?
Authors: Redondo Cécile , Ladage Caroline
Published: May 2023

Cet article s’intéresse aux dispositifs de classes de découverte en France que nous analysons du point de vue didactique et pédagogique. Nous nous appuyons sur une méthodologie d’enquête sur Internet réalisée en 2020-2021, au moyen d’un recueil de récits de situations d’enseignement-apprentissage effectué par des étudiants se destinant aux métiers de l’enseignement, de l’éducation et de la formation. Nous étudions le corpus de 261 récits ainsi constitué à la lumière des outils conceptuels de la théorie anthropologique du didactique, pour analyser les enjeux didactiques au cœur des dispositifs de classe de découverte ainsi que les fondements à l’origine des choix pédagogiques des acteurs qui les organisent. Nos résultats font état d’une importante variété de situations pour lesquelles les choix pédagogiques sont plus ou moins justifiés, mettant ainsi en question la réalisation des enjeux didactiques. Notre étude propose un modèle d’analyse didactique et praxéologique, en recherche comme en formation, offrant des repères pour mieux cerner la frontière entre ces deux enjeux.
Élève ou touriste : ce que les enfants vivent et disent de leurs classes de mer
Authors: Brougère Gilles , Peyvel Emmanuelle
Published: May 2023

À partir de l’observation ethnographique de deux séjours en classe de mer d’une durée de huit à dix jours dans deux sites finistériens, ainsi que d’entretiens avec des groupes d’enfants et d’enseignants, cet article tente de saisir la classe de mer du point de vue des enfants : quelle expérience vivent-ils ? Dans quelle mesure cette expérience renvoie-t-elle à la situation scolaire ou y échappe-t-elle ? Les enfants se considèrent-ils comme des touristes, et comment le justifient-ils ? Ont-ils le sentiment d’apprendre ? Il s’agira de déconstruire les discours souvent clivants tenus par les adultes impliqués dans ce dispositif, valorisant les classes de mer tout autant qu’ils dévalorisent le tourisme.
Conversation avec Philomena Essed
Authors: Essed Philomena , Larcher Silyane
Published: May 2023

Sociologue néerlandaise vivant aux États-Unis, fille d’immigrés de classe supérieure originaires du Suriname et féministe engagée dans le mouvement des femmes aux Pays-Bas, figure majeure des recherches néerlandaises et européennes sur les processus de racialisation et leurs fondements structurels (sociaux et historiques), Philomena Essed revient sur son parcours de chercheuse « diasporique », entre Europe et Amériques. Racialisée comme « femme de couleur » ou « noire » dans une société où le vocabulaire permettant de nommer et spécifier les rapports sociaux de race dans leur imbrication avec les inégalités sociales de classe et de genre est peu disponible et faiblement diffusé, elle évoque les obstacles rencontrés dans le monde universitaire majoritairement « blanc » et masculin des Pays-Bas des années 1980-1990. Elle souligne les solidarités, mais aussi les ambiguïtés des relations avec les collègues en position dominante à l’université. Elle retrace l’orientation progressivement prise aux États-Unis par ses travaux, inscrits dans une perspective critique de la race sans s’assimiler pour autant aux Critical Race Theories , vers les thèmes de la justice sociale, les enjeux moraux des processus de racialisation et de leurs transformations contemporaines. À partir d’une position située à la croisée de plusieurs mondes, plusieurs héritages sociaux et de plusieurs cultures, elle décrit en creux le contenu éthique qu’elle donne à son identité de chercheuse et d’intellectuelle.
Acquiescement silencieux : Le prix trop élevé du prestige
Authors: Bell Derrick , Zevounou Lionel
Published: May 2023

Derrick Albert Bell Jr (1930-2011) est considéré 1 comme l’un des – sinon le – fondateurs des Critical Race Theories (CRT) bien qu’il ne se soit jamais présenté comme tel. Si la réception des CRT s’est opérée en France par le biais des études de genre et des sciences sociales, notamment par le travail de Kimberlé W. Crenshaw sur l’intersectionnalité, l’apport de Derrick Bell est relativement resté dans l’ombre. Après avoir milité au NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Color People), il est le premier Africain-Américain à bénéficier d’une titularisation à la Harvard Law School en 1969. Alors que l’arrêt Brown Board v. Education de 1954 – généralement présenté comme la première décision phare mettant fin à la ségrégation raciale – fut considéré en son temps comme une victoire par une large partie du mouvement sur les droits civiques, Derrick Bell fut l’un des rares juristes à porter un regard sceptique sur la fin du mouvement. Il doute que le système juridique parvienne, à lui seul, à transformer des institutions – dont l’université – profondément façonnées par le racisme et la ségrégation. Au sein de la faculté de droit de Harvard, Derrick Bell se bat pour faire entendre la nécessité d’ouvrir l’accès du corps enseignant aux Noirs et aux minorités (ethniques et de genre) plus largement. C’est ce combat mené pendant une vingtaine d’années sur lequel il revient dans le livre Confronting Authority. Reflections of an Ardent Protester (1994) dont est extrait le texte traduit ici. À travers les colères, les désillusions et un profond pessimisme se révèlent en creux la marginalité et l’isolement politique d’un universitaire noir d’une université d’élite dans l’Amérique post-ségrégationniste. Cette position spécifique s’y présente autant comme une source de résistance à l’injustice raciale que comme la source d’un engagement actif.
Une exploration historique de l’économie sociale en Belgique
Authors: Peiren Luc
Published: May 2023

L’économie sociale, en Belgique comme ailleurs en Europe, s’enracine historiquement dans les organisations de travailleurs autonomes (mutualités, coopératives) qui, les premières, ont exprimé des préoccupations sociales à l’égard du capitalisme débridé du XIX e  siècle, peu soucieux de celles et ceux qui peinaient toujours plus à suivre le mouvement. Nous retrouvons aujourd’hui cette même préoccupation au sein des entreprises sociales qui relient l’engagement social (et l’emploi) à la durabilité et aux objectifs environnementaux. Parfois avec un clin d’œil adressé non seulement au passé idéologique de l’économie sociale (pharmacies coopératives ou sociétés coopératives d’assurance, …), mais également à de nouveaux groupes au sein de notre société (réfugiés, personnes handicapées, …) qui risquent à nouveau d’être laissés pour compte.
L’ESS dans la petite enfance et le grand âge à l’âge néolibéral
Authors: Collectif Pegase
Published: May 2023

Dans la continuité des études qui montrent depuis plus de dix ans la soumission des organisations de l’ESS à la pression croissante des régulations néolibérales, cette étude conduit une analyse globale, voire sociétale, de ces évolutions dans les secteurs de la petite enfance et du grand âge. Les résultats d’une enquête exploratoire menée auprès des directions de 23 établissements montrent un positionnement variable des organisations de l’ESS sur plusieurs plans : la place de la concurrence, la gouvernance, l’accessibilité, la qualité des services ou encore les conditions de travail. Enfin, cette étude, dans le creux des entretiens ou par défaut, dégage une piste pour une autre régulation de la petite enfance et du grand âge, fondée non sur la pression financière mais sur la coopération entre ESS et pouvoirs publics dans les territoires.
A Cautionary Tale of Antidepressant in the COVID-19 Era: A Case Report of Vortioxetine-Induced Catatonia
Authors: Memon Raheel I. , Chaudhry Hajira , Wasilewski Alicja D.
Published: May 2023

During the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, antidepressant prescriptions increased by 18.6%, clearly leading to proportionally increased chances of side effects due to medication exposure. Catatonia is a complex and heterogeneous neuropsychiatric syndrome manifesting up to 40 different signs and symptoms that were categorized into 4 groups, including pure motor, volition disturbance, disinhibited complex motor activities, and autonomic instability. The prevalence of catatonia ranges from 7.6% to 38% in patients presenting with acute psychiatric symptomatology. Though most often associated with psychiatric disorders, it is critical to rule out other medical etiologies. The literature reveals catatonia may manifest in several medical conditions and medications have been implicated in the pathophysiology of catatonia. We present a case of possible vortioxetine-induced catatonia in a patient with a history of schizoaffective disorder bipolar type.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2023;53(5):224–227.]
Care Coordination and Transition Management: A New Course to Prepare Prelicensure Students
Authors: Webb Sherry , Adams Tucker Janet
Published: May 2023

Background:

There is a need for RNs to be skilled at coordinating care and improving transitions within and across a wide variety of clinical settings and in diverse populations. A care coordination and transition management (CCTM) course was developed to address this growing need.

Method:

The course was designed to promote enhanced clinical reasoning as well as synthesis and application of CCTM concepts while focusing on the patient and family perspectives. Learning activities incorporated individual writing assignments, discussion board assignments, and a group project.

Results:

Students demonstrated the application of CCTM concepts in individual and group assignments and used prior and current clinical experiences to connect theory to practice.

Conclusion:

This course helped preli-censure students learn and apply CCTM concepts. Learning activities within the CCTM course could be adapted to be effective in all forms of undergraduate programs as well as graduate nursing programs.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2023;62(8):471–474.]
Prediction of Implantable Collamer Lens Vault Based on Preoperative Biometric Factors and Lens Parameters
Authors: Di Yu , Li Ying , Luo Yan
Published: May 2023

Purpose:

To establish and validate the accuracy of implantable collamer lens (ICL) vault size prediction formula based on preoperative biometric factors and lens parameters.

Methods:

This study included 300 patients (300 eyes) with Visian ICL V4c (STAAR Surgical) implantation. They were randomly divided into the formula establishment group and formula validation group. Anterior segment measurements, ICL V4c size and power, and vault 1 week postoperatively were collected from all patients. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to establish the prediction formula. Mean absolute error (MAE), median absolute error (MedAE), root mean square error (RMSE), and Bland-Altman diagrams were used to evaluate the prediction formula.

Results:

Anterior chamber depth (ACD) had the greatest influence on vault 1 week after ICL V4c implantation, followed by ICL V4c size and angle-to-angle distance (ATA). The prediction formula was obtained according to the partial regression coefficient, which was vault (mm) = −1.279 + 0.291 × ACD (mm) + 0.210 × ICL V4c size (mm) – 0.144 × ATA (mm) (
R
2
= 0.661). In the formula validation group, the mean predictive vault, MAE, MedAE, and RMSE were 628.10, 135.09, 130.42, and 150.46 µm, respectively. The Bland-Altman diagram showed the predictive vault was in good agreement with the actual vault.

Conclusions:

A novel ICL V4c vault prediction formula was developed and shown to be an effective method for predicting the vault to reduce surgical complications.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2023;39(5):332–339.]
Visual Outcomes of Cataract Surgery in Patients With Keratoconus Using Toric and Non-toric Lenses
Authors: Ling Jennifer Y.M. , Qiao Grace , Iovieno Alfonso , Yeung Sonia N.
Published: May 2023

Purpose:

To compare the accuracy and outcomes of different intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formulas in eyes with keratoconus undergoing cataract surgery with toric and non-toric IOLs.

Methods:

This was a consecutive retrospective case series study including patients from the Cornea Service at the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, from 2000 to 2020. Keratoconus was diagnosed based on corneal topography and clinician opinion. Patients who underwent topography-guided photorefractive keratectomy, intracorneal ring segments implantation, or corneal transplant were excluded. The manifest spherical equivalent, prediction errors, and median absolute errors were calculated. Descriptive statistics were expressed as mean ± standard deviation.

Results:

There were 160 eyes from 101 patients; 136 eyes received non-toric lenses and 24 eyes received toric lenses. Most patients had mild disease (< 48.00 diopters [D]) when stratified by steep keratometry values. Patients with severe disease (> 53.00 D) were significantly more hyperopic following surgery (
P
< .05). The Barrett Universal II (0.26 D, inter-quartile range [IQR] = 0.4), Holladay 2 (0.31, IQR = 1.2), and SRK/T (0.42, IQR = 0.86) formulas had the lowest median absolute error. The postoperative prediction error following toric lens insertion was not significantly different than following non-toric lens insertion, and the mean absolute astigmatism was significantly reduced with toric lenses.

Conclusions:

The Barrett Universal II, Holladay 2, and SRK/T were the most accurate IOL power calculation formulas in patients with keratoconus undergoing cataract surgery. Hyperopic surprise was increased in severe keratoconus. Toric IOLs may be considered in patients with mild keratoconus.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2023;39(5):319–325.]
A novel density peaks clustering algorithm for automatic selection of clustering centers based on K-nearest neighbors
Authors: Wang Zhihe , Wang Huan , Du Hui , Chen Shiyin , Shi Xinxin
Published: May 2023

The density peak clustering algorithm (DPC) requires manual determination of cluster centers, and poor performance on complex datasets with varying densities or non-convexity. Hence, a novel density peak clustering algorithm is proposed for the automatic selection of clustering centers based on K-nearest neighbors (AKDPC). First, the AKDPC classifies samples according to their mutual K-nearest neighbor values into core and non-core points. Second, the AKDPC uses the average distance of K nearest neighbors of a sample as its density. The smaller the average distance is, the higher the density. Subsequently, it selects the highest density sample among all unclassified core points as a center of the new cluster, and the core points that satisfy the merging condition are added to the cluster until no core points satisfy the condition. Afterwards, the above steps are repeated to complete the clustering of all core points. Lastly, the AKDPC labels the unclassified non-core points similar to the nearest points that have been classified. In addition, to prove the validity of AKDPC, experiments on manual and real datasets are conducted. By comparing the AKDPC with classical clustering algorithms and excellent DPC-variants, this paper demonstrates that AKDPC presents higher accuracy.
Differentiated Instruction Efficiency of the Design Courses for Engineering Majors in a Smart Education Environment
Authors: Gan Shiyuan , Zhang Wei , Wu Yi , Zheng Yan , Liu Yibei
Published: May 2023

The differentiated instructional strategy has been widely applied in countries around the world. However, the differentiated instruction of the design courses for engineering majors still has some barriers in term of learners, teachers, and attributes of the design courses in the smart education environment. To discuss the influences of the differentiated instructional strategy of the design courses for engineering majors on course achievement of learners in the smart education environment, a case study based on the course of “Architectural Interior Hand-painted Renderings” was conducted using two-group pre-test and post-test methods. The differentiated instructional strategy for this course in the smart education environment was designed to investigate its actual effect toward improving the learners’ course achievement, as well as its staged efficiency in preview, classroom learning, and creating learning through the student’s t-test from perspectives of its influence significance and staged efficiency. Results show that compared with traditional instructional strategy, differentiated instructional strategy can improve course achievement of learners significantly. During classroom learning, learners from the differentiated instruction class achieve significant improvements in term of “picture composition”, “line drawing”, “perspective drawing” and “color construction” compared with those during the preview. Learners further achieve significant improvements in terms of “picture composition,” “line drawing,” “perspective drawing,” and “creativity” during creating learning compared with those during classroom learning. Differentiated instruction has significant influences on improvement of the learners’ course achievement at different levels. This study provides method references to differentiated instruction design for engineering majors in smart education environment and offers a way to fulfill personalized needs of differential learners and improve teaching efficiency.
Improving Mobile Location Prediction Using the Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Baseem G. Nsaif  , Adheed H. Sallomi
Published: May 2023

The importance of locating a mobile phone has increased significantly during last decade for security and commercial reasons. Locating the mobile phone leads to locating people. This is done by using the most common propagation models in the mobile phone network design to calculate the distance between the mobile phone and the base station, in addition to using positioning algorithms to predict the location of the mobile station. In this work, three telecommunication towers that provide mobile phone service for Zain Iraq were selected, located within the Mahmudiya area in Baghdad as a case study, and a test drive was conducted to measure the signal strength received from these base stations at more than 10 points located within the coverage area of these base stations. The Okumura-HATA model, and the UMTS propagation model were used to calculate the distances. The Gray-Wolf algorithm was used to improve mobile phone position prediction.
The Effectiveness of Web-Based Mobile Learning for Mobile Subjects on Computers and Basic Networks in Vocational High Schools
Authors: Dony Novaliendry  , Asrul Huda  , LatifahAnnisa  , Resti Rahmi Khairati Costa  , Yudhistira  , Fivia Eliza
Published: May 2023

This research and development are motivated by the problem of limited learning resources on Computers and Basic Networks in SMK Negeri 2. This happens because no learning media attracts students' interest in learning. Therefore, the writer tries to design interesting learning media for students. This study aims to determine the validity, practicality and effectiveness of the design and manufacture of mobile learning media based on mobile web subjects for computer and basic networking subjects for class X TKJ SMK Negeri 2 Padang. This research uses the research & development method. The research subjects were 35 people. The research model used is the development research model (ADDIE model), with the development steps as follows. (1) Analyze, (2) design, (3) development, (4) Implementation, and (5) Evaluate. The results of the overall effectiveness test assessment of the effectiveness of Mobile Web-Based Mobile Learning on Computers and Basic Networks (KJD) Class X SMK Negeri 2 Padang Odd Semesters of 93.57% so that the level of effectiveness can be interpreted very effectively used. In conclusion, based on the assessment and expert input and the results of the field trial of Mobile Web-Based Mobile Learning Media as a learning medium, it has been tested for feasibility and excellence. It can be used in the learning process on KJD subjects for class X TKJ SMK N 2 Padang.
The Impact of Industry 4.0 on Innovative Organisations, A Thematic Review using the PRISMA Statement 2020
Authors: Ishamuddin Mustapha  , Masroor Ali  , Nohman Khan  , Huma Sikandar
Published: May 2023

The fast growth of technologies during the Industry 4.0 era resulted in new or evolved organisations forming. Throughout the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the interaction between technology and humans evolved. Furthermore, the skills and capacities of individuals and organisations are changing due to the abundance of technology. This study investigated the impact of industry 4.0 on innovative organisations and used thematic analysis to identify the major themes. VOS viewer content analysis and critical terms of occurrences analysis were used to identify the major themes. In addition, the PRISMA statement 2020 is applied for the methodological part. The results indicate three significant themes business models, innovative organisations, and digital transformation. The findings show that changes in the global economy and market needs are forcing businesses to adopt technical breakthroughs made possible by digital transformation. it is considered that adequate resources, experienced and capable workers, and well-organized, adequately adaptable, and creative procedures are required for innovative organisations. In addition, HRM practises in the digital era must incorporate teleworking, promote employee engagement in achieving the aim of digital transformation, and incentivise a proper leadership style. Also, technological advancement drives businesses to innovate in their everyday production, supply, value chains, and numerous operations, allowing them to adapt quickly to client requests.
Modelización de los tipos de colonialismo wari a escala regional y residencial
Authors: Nash Donna J.
Published: May 2023

El estado wari se expandió durante el siglo VII de nuestra era para colonizar una amplia área de los Andes e incorporar a varios grupos étnicos. Las relaciones establecidas entre los colonos patrocinados por el estado wari y los pueblos indígenas de estos nuevos territorios fueron diferentes por muchas razones. En este artículo, considero el grado de centralización política como un factor clave que marcó el impacto de la expansión wari a largo plazo en los grupos de estudio. Si bien es posible que todos los súbditos wari hayan sido obligados a participar en la economía política del imperio, algunos aspectos de su vida diaria pueden haber permanecido sin mayores cambios. Utilizando como ejemplo a la colonia multiétnica de Moquegua, examino qué atributos están relacionados con las prácticas wari adoptadas y qué aspectos se relacionan con sus respectivas identidades.
El estatuto legal de las religiones no católicas en el Perú, de cara al bicentenario: una exploración de los márgenes
Authors: Lecaros Véronique , Taussig Sylvie
Published: May 2023

El artículo analiza la situación legal de las religiones no católicas en el Perú. Estas, recientemente, han crecido en diversidad y en cantidad de miembros y se han elaborado nuevas legislaciones. El tema religioso se aborda en términos de colaboración con el Estado, sin considerar la regulación que afectaría a las sectas. Debido a la pregnancia del catolicismo en la cultura peruana, la forma de considerar las religiones está conceptualizada a partir de categorías católicas, lo cual implica dificultades e inadecuaciones que varían dependiendo de las características propias de las religiones y cultos. En este artículo, abordamos los casos de las religiones evangélicas, de las religiones provenientes de otro entorno cultural, así como de los cultos de origen precolombino.
« Écoterroristes » et « terroristes intellectuels » : Retour sur de (pas si) nouvelles pratiques de gouvernement
Authors: Truc Alexandre
Published: May 2023

De plus en plus souvent, le terme « terroriste » est utilisé pour désigner les agents des actions contestataires, ce qui déclenche la mise en œuvre de mesures antiterroristes pour les encadrer. Dans la volonté de dissoudre les « Soulèvements de la Terre » ou d’accuser leurs soutiens de « terrorisme intellectuel », on décèle une pratique visant à délégitimer l’exercice de certains droits dans l’espace public. Pour comprendre ce qui se passe aujourd’hui, il est essentiel de relier les événements actuels aux pratiques de gouvernement qui ont émergé au XXIe siècle. Celles-ci ont pris appui dans un premier temps sur une discrimination à l’encontre des personnes musulmanes de France. Elles ont ainsi ouvert la voie à une redéfinition de l’exercice légitime des droits qui est particulièrement visible et étendue en période de contestation.
Comparison of insertion characteristics of LMA ProSeal and Ambu AuraGain in adult patients under controlled ventilation: A randomised study
Authors: Salhotra Rashmi , Padhy Anurag , Rautela Rajesh S. , Singh Deepak
Published: May 2023

Background and Aims:

Supraglottic devices are preformed or flexible, and the insertion characteristics of the two types may be different. This study aims to compare the insertion characteristics of Ambu AuraGain (AAG), preformed) and LMA ProSeal (PLMA), flexible, requires an introducer tool for placement.

Methods:

Forty American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I/II patients of either sex between 18 and 60 years with no anticipated airway difficulty were randomly allocated to either group AAG or PLMA (n = 20 each). Pregnant females, known case of chronic respiratory disorders and gastroesophageal reflux were excluded. After induction of anaesthesia and muscle relaxation, appropriately sized AAG or PLMA was inserted. Time for successful insertion (primary outcome), ease of device insertion and gastric drain insertion, first attempt success rate (secondary outcomes) were recorded. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20.0. Quantitative parameters were compared using Student’s t-test, and qualitative parameters were compared using Chi-square test. A P value of <0.05 was considered significant.

Results:

Time taken for successful insertion of PLMA was 22.94 ± 6.12 s and for AAG was 24.32 ± 4.96 s, (P = 0.458). Device insertion was significantly easy in PLMA group (P < 0.002). First attempt success rate was achieved in 17 (94.4%) cases in PLMA group compared to 15 (78.9%) cases in AAG group (P = 0.168). Ease of drain tube insertion was comparable among the groups (P = 0.298). The haemodynamic variables were also comparable.

Conclusion:

PLMA is easier to insert as compared to AAG, but the insertion time and first attempt success rate are similar. The preformed curvature in AAG does not provide any added advantage over the non-preformed PLMA.
Evaluation of neck-circumference- thyromental- distance ratio as a predictor of difficult intubation: A prospective, observational study
Authors: Pradeep S , Bhar Kundu Sudeshna , Nivetha C
Published: May 2023

Background and Aims:

Preoperative identification of difficult airway and subsequent planning is of utmost importance for a patient’s safety. Previous studies have identified the ratio of the neck circumference (NC) to the thyromental distance (TMD); NC/TMD as a reliable predictor of difficult intubation in obese patients. But there is a lack of studies evaluating the NC/TMD in non-obese patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the NC/TMD as a predictor of difficult intubation in both obese and non-obese patients.

Methods:

A prospective, observational study was conducted after obtaining institutional ethics committee clearance and written and informed consent from each patient. One hundred adult patients undergoing elective surgeries under general anaesthesia with orotracheal intubation were included in this study. Difficulty in intubation was assessed using the Intubation Difficulty Scale. The NC/TMD was calculated and the predictive accuracy of NC/TMD and other established parameters in obese and non-obese patients were compared.

Results:

Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender, weight, body mass index, inter-incisor gap, Mallampati classification, NC, TMD, sternomental distance, and NC/TMD had a significant association with difficult intubation. NC/TMD has a higher sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value with better predictability in comparison to other parameters.

Conclusion:

The NC/TMD is a reliable and better predictor of difficult intubation in both obese and non-obese patients in comparison to NC, TMD, and sternomental distance alone.
Marginal adaptation of thermoviscous bulk-fill composite in class II cavities
Authors: Ramadan Nermeen A. , Hasan Mostafa M. A. , Abdalla Ali I.
Published: May 2023

Objective

To evaluate the marginal adaptation of thermoviscous bulk-fill, preheated, and conventional nanohybrid composite resins in class II cavities.

Patients and methods

Thirty extracted human sound molars were selected in this in vitro study. Simple class II cavities were prepared using carbide bur. The overall dimensions and depth of cavities were standardized as follows: 4 mm length occlusocervically, 4 mm width buccolingually, and 2 mm depth axially. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10 each). Futurabond DC (one-step self-etch adhesive) was applied in all groups. Group 1: cavities were restored with VisCalor bulk composite, group 2: cavities were restored with Grandio composite, group 3: cavities were restored with preheated Grandio composite. The specimens of each group were thermocycled in a thermocycling apparatus by alternating immersion in a water bath at 5 and 55°C with a dwell time of 2 min for 600 thermal cycles. Impressions of the teeth were made and then poured with epoxy resin and replicas were examined under scanning electron microscopy to examine marginal gaps. All data were collected, tabulated, and statistically analyzed.

Result

The highest percentage of marginal gap length was recorded for group 2, recording 22.93%, while there was no significant difference between group 1 and group 3, recording 13.44 and 13.83%, respectively. One-way analysis of variance test was used to compare the tested groups at a level of significance (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

The marginal gaps decreased when VisCalor bulk and Grandio composite resins were applied after preheating so preheating composite resins considerably improves marginal adaptation.
Prevalence and distribution of diverse dental anomalies in an Egyptian children's population
Authors: Shoker Nahed S. , Metwally Nancy M. , Hadwa Shimaa M.
Published: May 2023

Aim

In normal dental exams, dental anomalies are widespread. It may lead to occlusal, cosmetic, and functional problems. In this study, the prevalence and distribution of developmental dental abnormalities in a community of Egyptian children were studied.

Patients and methods

The average age of the sample was 7.5 years out of 2583 panoramic radiographs of kids between the ages of 6 and 12 that were analyzed, including 1110 boys and 1473 girls. The digital panoramic radiographs were examined by two experienced researchers in a standard manner and in good lighting for the following developmental anomalies: congenitally missing teeth, extra teeth, impaction, ectopic eruption, transposition, gemination, fusion, submerged, peg-shaped teeth, dilacerations, taurodontism, dens in dente (Dens Evaginatus), retained or early loss of primary teeth considering the chronological age of dental eruption, and any other anomalies.

Results

Two hundered sixty-six panoramic radiographs, or 10.3% of the study group, had at least one dental abnormality, while 2317, or 89.7%, had none. There was no significant difference between the sexes other than fusion, where the rate was higher in females than in males among the cases with dental anomalies. Of these cases, 57.14% were girls and 42.85% were boys. Supernumerary teeth were more common than congenitally lacking teeth (1.85 vs. 4.41%). Amelogenesis imperfect, transposition peg-shaped and halted teeth, impacted teeth (1.5%), taurodontism (1.16%), root dilacerations (1.04%), amelogenesis imperfect, fusion (0.23%), and no cases of accessory roots and dentinogenesis imperfecta were found in this study.

Conclusion

Dental anomalies were often found in this Egyptian study population. Various dental abnormalities were found. Congenital missing was the most frequent anomaly, followed by extra teeth, impacted teeth, taurodontism, root dilatation, fusion, amelogenesis imperfecta, transposition peg-shaped teeth, and arrested teeth, in that order. In this investigation, no instances of dentinogenesis imperfecta or accessory roots were found. Because of the high occurrence of developmental dental anomalies, it is imperative that their causes be better understood to provide better treatment, intervene earlier, and prevent future problems.
Assessment of oral health practices of school teachers in Dharamshala City, Himachal Pradesh
Authors: Gurung Deepak , Bhardwaj Vinay K. , Fotedar Shailee , Thakur Arun S. , Vashisth Shelja
Published: May 2023

Background

The study aimed to assess the oral health practices of school teachers in Dharamshala city, Himachal Pradesh.

Materials and methods

The sampling used was probability stratified random sampling. The data was collected by interview recorded on a structured proforma adapted from previous study.

Results

All the teachers (100%) brushed their teeth with tooth brush and tooth paste. There were 535 (66.9%) teachers, brushing their teeth twice daily and 260 (32.5%) teachers brushing once daily. The frequencies of changing tooth brush within 3 months were higher in female (71.7%) as compared to males (60.6%) and the difference was statistically significant. This was higher among private school teachers (57.8%) than government school teachers (42.1%). Majority in the study reported that they did not use any form of smoked and smokeless tobacco in the present or past.

Conclusion

The study reported a moderate oral health practices in the teachers and the main reason for visit to the dentist was dental caries which clearly indicates the adequate awareness about early intervention of dental diseases. Further, efforts should be encouraged to educate teachers about modern preventive dentistry for translation of oral health promotion among school children. Continued dental education and teachers training programmes still remains the best way to impart scientific oral health knowledge to teachers to improve their oral health practices and reduce the burden of oral diseases.
Clinical evaluation of complete digital workflow ceramic overlays in treatment of children with molar incisor hypomineralization
Authors: Hamad Ahmed , Abuhamila Nahed , Atef Abeer
Published: May 2023

Pediatric dentists frequently encounter challenges in management of first permanent molars with molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH). They are found to have posteruptive breakdowns, active growth phase, inconclusive occlusal contacts, and wide pulp chambers with prominent pulp horns. The previous led to poor compliance, defective anesthesia, and restoration adhesion problems.

Objectives

Evaluate clinically indirect lithium disilicate glass–ceramic overlay versus indirect composite resin overlay using complete digital workflow in treatment of permanent molars with MIH in children.

Patients and methods

This split mouth randomized clinical trial compared full digital workflow lithium disilicate glass–ceramic overlay in comparison with the same workflow indirect computer aided design-computer aided manufacturing resin overlay in treatment of MIH molars in 12 children aged between 8 and 13 years with total of 24 first permanent molars into two groups. These MIH vital molars fell in the array of index 2 and 4 upon which the entire carious and hypomineralized enamel was removed with uniform reduction with final shoulder margin on sound enamel to receive the overlays.

Results

Both groups were assessed according to United States Public Health Services criteria of evaluation on 3 months interval for 9 months where the lithium disilicate glass ceramic overlay group showed 100% cumulative survival rate with consistent retention and anatomic form results as well as complete absence of pain and hypersensitivity at 9 months. No significant difference between both groups except for the anatomic form in which significant difference was found in favor of the lithium disilicate glass–ceramic group.

Conclusion

Overlays serve as esthetic, conservative and long-term treatment option with digital dentistry incorporation in every aspect of dentistry nowadays to provide accurate and quick delivery of the restorations with both groups behaved in a clinically acceptable performance.
TOC
Authors: Tobolski Sue
Published: May 2023

TOC
Investigation of transdermal permeation of atorvastatinloaded microemulsions
Authors: Alkrad Jamal Alyoussef , Musa Raad J. , Al-Hijjawi Rawan , Hussein- Al-Ali Samer H.
Published: May 2023

Purpose: To develop microemulsions containing atorvastatin for transdermal application, which will improve the bioavailability and reduce the side effects associated with the oral administration of atorvastatin.Methods: Atorvastatin-loaded microemulsions (MEs) were developed using tween 80 as a nonionic surfactant, isopropyl myristate, polyethylene glycol 400 and dimethyl sulfoxide. Their droplets’ size, and rheological properties were estimated, with the diffusion through the rat’s skin being evaluated using Franz diffusion cells. Furthermore, the in vivo transdermal and oral bioavailability, as well as the toxicity of formulation, were assessed in rats.Results: The results showed that the MEs have a droplet size lower than 100 nm and low Newtonian viscosity. In addition, a flux rate of atorvastatin as high as 10.078 μg/cm2.h was achieved after the loading of the MEs. The in vivo transdermal application maintained a steady state concentration of 1.02μg/mL for 48 h, in comparison to a maximum concentration of 7.7 μg/mL after 2.74 h following oral administration at the same dosing level. Moreover, the transdermally treated rats did not elicit skin irritation.Conclusion: The developed atorvastatin MEs for transdermal application delivers the drug to achieve a controlled plasma level, as well as reduce dosing frequency and toxicity in rats when compared to oral administration. Therefore, the formulation has a potential for development for use in humans.
Effect of hydrogen sulfide on PC12 cell injury induced by high ATP concentration
Authors: Yang Kunli , Luo Hu , Liu Yajie , Ren Yankai , Guo Meixia , Wang Bin , Yang Chih-huang , Li Dongliang
Published: May 2023

Purpose: To investigate the potential protective effect of hydrogen sulfide against neural cell damage induced by a high-concentration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).Methods: PC12 cells were incubated with ATP in order to induce cell damage. The extracellular level of H2S and protein expression of cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) were determined. The PC12 cells pretreated with NaHS, aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA) and KN-62, prior to further incubation with ATP, and the effect of the treatments on cell viability was investigated.Results: High-concentration ATP induced cell death in PC12 cells, and this was accompanied by markedly increased contents of extracellular H2S and CBS expression (p < 0.05). The ATP-induced cytotoxicity was significantly compromised after pretreatment with H2S. (p < 0.05). The viability of PC12 cells pretreated with NaHS and AOAA was significantly higher than that of PC12 cells treated with ATP alone. In addition, the viability of ATP-treated PC12 cells was further markedly increased after pretreatment with NaHS and KN-62 (p < 0.05).Conclusion: ATP induced a concentration- and time-dependent cytotoxicity in PC12 cells via theendogenous H2S/CBS system. Supplementation with exogenous H2S mitigated the cell damageinduced by high concentration of ATP via a specific mechanism which may be specifically related to P2X7R.
Design, synthesis and biological activities of 5Hdibenzo[ b,f]azepine-5-carboxamide derivatives; Targeted hippocampal trypsin inhibition as a novel approach to treat epileptogenesis
Authors: Iqbal Taha , Khan Mohsin Abbas , Ahmad Irshad , Khan Fahad Mehmood
Published: May 2023

Purpose: To synthesize anticonvulsant drug derivatives that target protease-activated receptor generated epileptic seizures.Method: Varieties of carbamazepine-based Schiff bases were designed with different aldehydes and ketones, and evaluated for in silico computer-aided drug design prediction of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME), and potential drug targets. The resultant compounds were synthesized and characterized by various spectroscopic techniques, including FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13CNMR, analysis. Thereafter, they were screened for antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticonvulsant potential.Results: Prominent anti-protease potential was shown by C7 and C3 compounds and the order of activity was C7 > C3 > C5 > C2 > C6 > C4 > C2 > C1 (p < 0.05). The anticonvulsant activity of C7 and C5 was comparable with the standard drug; C3, C4, C6 and C8 had mild activity while C1 and C4 showed the least activity. The synthesized compounds exhibited significant (p < 0.05) antioxidant potential (rank order: C3 > C4 > C5 > C7 > C8 > C6 > C1 > C2) and antimicrobial activity against S.aureus and B. bronchiseptica (rank order: C5 > C2 > C8 > C1 > C4 > C3 > C7).Conclusion: Synthesized derivatives retained their potential for anticonvulsant and antitrypsin activity, unlike their mother moiety, i.e., carbamazepine. The additional antibacterial activity effectively treats neurological disorders associated with bacterial infections.
Effects of different hypertonic resuscitations on traumatic brain injuries and cranioencephalic trauma: A single centre, retrospective analysis
Authors: Han Fei , Wang Yingzhu , Sun Zhengjie , Gu Junyi
Published: May 2023

Purpose: To compare the efficacies of 3 % (w/v) hypertonic saline, 20 % (w/v) mannitol, and 10 % (w/v) mannitol plus 10 % (v/v) glycerol in the management of intracranial hypertension.Methods: Patients with intracranial pressure > 20 mmHg received 3 % (w/v) hypertonic saline (HT cohort, n = 78) or 20 % w/v mannitol (MT cohort, n = 82) or 10 % (w/v) mannitol plus 10 % (v/v) glycerol (MG cohort, n = 73) until intracranial pressure was reduced below 15 mmHg. Neurologic outcomes, hemodynamic parameters, and clinical biochemistry were evaluated as indices of intracranial pressure and pathological parameters.Results: Serum sodium levels and serum osmolarity were significantly increased by 3 % (w/ v) hypertonic saline, relative to the other hypertonic resuscitations. At the end of 1 h observation period, 60 (77 %), 36 (44 %), and 41 (56 %) of patients from HT, MT, and MG cohorts, respectively, had their cerebral perfusion pressure successfully maintained at > 70 mmHg. At the end of 1 h observation period, intracranial pressure ≤ 20 mmHg was successfully maintained in 78 (100 %), 81 (99 %), and 73 (100 %) patients from HT, MT, and MG cohorts, respectively. The mean values of arterial pressure of patients in HT, MT, and MG cohorts were increased after 1 h, 15 min, and 30 min of interventions, respectively.Conclusion: These results indicate that 3 % (w/v) hypertonic saline was the most rapid and most effective resuscitation for the management of intracranial hypertension in traumatic brain injuries or cranioencephalic trauma.
Down-regulation of NRIP1 alleviates pyroptosis in human lens epithelial cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide by inhibiting NF-κB activation
Authors: Yao Hongyan , Wu Shanjun , Lan Bifei , Cai Li , Li Zefeng
Published: May 2023

Purpose: To investigate the role of nuclear receptor-interacting protein 1 (NRIP1) in oxidative stressinduced apoptosis and pyroptosis in cataract disease.Methods: Human lens epithelial cells (HLE-B3 cells) were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). NRIP1 expression in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-treated HLE-B3 cells was determined by western blotting and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). CCK8 and EdU staining were used to assess cell viability. Flow cytometry and western blotting were used to assess pyroptosis.Results: NRIP1 was significantly up-regulated in HLE-B3 cells post-H2O2 incubation (p < 0.01). Hydrogen peroxide incubation reduced cell viability and proliferation of HLE-B3 cells, while NRIP1 knockdown enhanced cell viability and proliferation. NRIP1 silencing attenuated the H2O2-induced increase in NLRP3, N-terminal domain of gasdermin D, caspase-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18 in HLEB3 cells, but suppressed the pyroptosis of H2O2-treated HLE-B3 cells. Hydrogen peroxide incubation down-regulated protein expression of cytoplasmic NF-κB and up-regulated nuclear NF-κB, while the expression of cytoplasmic NF-κB was increased and nuclear NF-κB was decreased in HLE-B3 cells by HLE-B3 interference.Conclusion: NRIP1 down-regulation represses apoptosis and pyroptosis of H2O2-treated human lens epithelial cells by inhibiting NF-κB activation, thus, providing a potential strategy to treat cataract disease.
Depletion of circ_0001313 suppresses the carcinogenesis of laryngeal carcinoma through miR 512 5p/HMGA1 pathway
Authors: Wang Xiaofeng , Guo Qiaoling , Luo Xianyang , Wu Junhua , Zhang Binghuang , Zhou Yi
Published: May 2023

Purpose: To probe the influence of circ_0001313 on the occurrence and development of laryngeal carcinoma and the potential molecular mechanism. Methods: 27 cases of laryngeal carcinoma attending health facility from January 2017 to September 2020 were obtained. The contents of circ_0001313, miR-512-5p and HMGA1 in the tissues were detected. Laryngeal carcinoma TU686 cells were randomly divided into different group via assigned transfection, and cell growth and mobility were evaluated. The investigation of the relationship was then determined. Results: Laryngeal carcinoma tissues and TU686 cell lines showed high expressed circ_0001313 and HMGA1, as well as low expressed miR-512-5p. Circ_0001313 deficiency or miR-512-5p overexpression weakened the survival, migration and invasiveness of TU686 cells. Circ_0001313 sponged miR-512-5p, which bound to HMGA1. In TU686 cells, the content of miR-512-5p was markedly increased with circ_0001313 depletion, and HMGA1 protein level was decreased with miR-512-5p upregulation. The deficiency of miR-512-5p weakened the influence of circ_0001313 depletion on the growth and mobility of TU686 cells. Conclusion: Interference of circ_0001313 could impair the migration, proliferation, and invasiveness of laryngeal carcinoma cells and promote cell apoptosis by regulating miR-512-5p/HMGA1 axis.
Glycyrrhizinate attenuates exosome induced endothelial cell proliferation and permeability through p38 pathway
Authors: Xu Shun , Wang Aili , Shen Zaoli , Chen Yu , Jia Qing
Published: May 2023

Purpose: To investigate the mechanism of action involved in the treatment of severe burn injury with glycyrrhizinate (DG). Methods: Exosomes were purified from sera of patients with burn injury using an ultra-high-speed centrifuge, and verified by western blot. Cell proliferation and permeability were assessed using cell counting kit (CCK)-8, transepithelial-transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER), and Fluorescein Isothiocyanate (FITC) dextran assays, while immunoblotting was used for assay of the levels of p38, occluding, and zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1). Results: Serum-derived exosomes (serum-exo) significantly suppressed cell proliferation while causing hyperpermeability in HUVECs (p < 0.001). Furthermore, DG alleviated the hyperpermeability and inhibition of cell proliferation caused by serum-exo (p < 0.001). In addition, the upregulation of p-P38 induced by serum-exo decreased upon DG treatment. Interestingly, the effect of DG was blocked by anisomycin, a specific p38 activator, indicating that p38 signaling pathway may contribute to the function of DG. Conclusion: Glycyrrhizinate attenuates serum-exo-induced cell proliferation and permeability alteration via p38 signaling pathway, thereby making it a potential agent for the management of severe burn injury.