bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential Anticarcinogenic Effects From Plasma of Elderly After Exercise Training: A Pilot Study
Authors: Peres Alessandra , Dorneles Gilson , Branchini Gisele , Nunes Fernanda , Romão Pedro , Minuzzi Luciele Guerra , Lira Fabio , Cavalcante Mateus , Elsner Viviane
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of exercise training plasma on in vitro prostate cancer cell viability and proliferation. PC3 prostate cancer cells were incubated with plasma obtained from young women with high and low physical fitness (PF) and with the plasma collected from institutionalized elderly before and after multimodal exercise training. Plasma from High PF women induced the lowest cell viability and proliferation after incubation time. PC3 cells presented lower cell viability and diminished rates of cell proliferation after the incubation with post-training plasma samples of elderly. The incubation of PC3 cells with post-training plasma of elderly decreased the mitochondrial membrane polarization and increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production without changes in cytosolic ROS. Post-training plasma did not change apoptosis or necrosis rates in the PC-3 cell line. Multimodal exercise training increased the plasma levels of IL-2, IL-10, IFN-α, and FGF-1, and decreased TNF-α concentrations in institutionalized elderly. In conclusion, we showed that systemic adaptations in plasma mediators of institutionalized elderly may alter cell viability and proliferation by targeting mitochondrial ROS in a prostate cancer cell line.
Impact of Event Scale-6 (IES-6) for U.S. Adults Who Experienced the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Jeong Jiin , Kim Ah-Ram , Hilton Claudia , Hong Ickpyo
Published: December 2021

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental illness caused by traumatic events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Accurate diagnosis of this disorder is critical to establish effective intervention approaches. The Impact of Event Scale-6 (IES-6) is widely used for PTSD screening, but there has been no research on its psychometric properties with individuals who experienced the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: A random sample of 600 participants were randomly selected from a COVID-19 survey database (n = 6,391). Rasch analysis was conducted to examine item fit, rating scale structure, construct validity, differential item functioning (DIF), and precision of the IES-6. Results: The principal component analysis of Rasch residuals (54.1% of the raw variance explained) and the average of residual correlations (average r = .19) supported the unidimensionality structure in the IES-6. The rating scale was suitable, and the item difficulty hierarchy was logical. The item fit and the DIF contrast were acceptable, except for item 5. The IES-6’s person reliability was .76, which was also an acceptable level.Conclusions: This study showed that the IES-6 has acceptable item-level psychometrics for screening PTSD in adults in the United States for individuals who have experienced the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings suggested that the IES-6 would be useful for the rapid identification of PTSD and allow clinicians to quickly provide interventions for people with the disorder and their families.
In Vitro Evaluation of Herbicides on Beneficial and Pathogenic Microorganisms
Authors: Reddy Thumu Venkateswara , Menon Meera V. , K. Anita Cherian , P.V. Sindhu , Mohan Karthika , George Daly
Published: December 2021

An experiment was conducted in the laboratory to evaluate the effect of herbicides on beneficial and pathogenic microorganisms. Eighteen treatments included six herbicides at three different doses viz., cyhalofop-butyl (80, 160 and 240 ppm), cyhalofop-butyl + penoxsulam (150, 300 and 450 ppm), bispyribac-sodium (25, 50 and 75 ppm), fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (60, 12 and 180 ppm), carfentrazone-ethyl (20, 40 and 60 ppm) and chlorimuron-ethyl + metsulfuron-methyl (4, 8 and 12 ppm) evaluated on beneficial microbial bioagents (Trichoderma viride and Pseudomonas fluorescens) and pathogenic microorganisms (Rhizoctonia solani, Pyricularia oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae). Results revealed that bispyribac-sodium and cyhalofop-butyl + penoxsulam had greatest inhibitory effect on pathogenic microorganisms Rhizoctonia solani (47.76 and 54.40%) and Pyricularia oryzae (49.07 and 61.12%), but showed no effect on Xanthomonasoryzaepv. oryzae, and were less harmful to biocontrol agents Trichoderma viride and Pseudomonas fluorescens at recommended doses, which were effective in control of broad spectrum of weed flora in rice ecosystem.
Longer Diagnosis-surgery Duration Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Early Postoperative Complications for Crohn's Disease: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Chen Xuanyi , Zhang Siqi , Shen Fanru , Shi Yuan , Liu Sailiang , Jin Yihua , Zhong Ming , Qiao Yuqi , Yu Minhao
Published: December 2021

Background: Early postoperative complications(ePOCs) frequently occur in Crohn’s patients after surgery. The risk factors of ePOCs for Crohn’s disease (CD), however, remain controversial. We aimed to assess the incidence and risk factors of ePOCs in CD patients after surgical resection.Methods: The retrospective study was conducted on 97 patients undergoing surgeries between January 2010 and September 2019 for Crohn’s disease in a tertiary hospital in China. Results: In total, 33 patients (34.0%) experienced ePOCs, including 11 intra-abdominal septic complications (11.3%) and 1 postoperative death (1.0%). Severe complications (Dindo–Clavien III–IV) were seen in 8 patients (8.2%). In multivariate analysis, diagnosis-surgery duration exceeding 6 months(odds-ratio [OR]=4.07; confidence interval [CI] 95%[1.10-15.09], P=0.036), serum platelet count <300*1000/mm3(odds-ratio [OR]=6.74; confidence interval [CI] 95%[1.58-28.71], P=0.01) and serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT) level >10U/L(odds-ratio [OR]=9.22; confidence interval [CI] 95%[1.23-68.99], P=0.031)were identified as independent risk factors for ePOCs. Preoperative exposure to anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents (P=1.00) were not associated with a higher risk of ePOCs. 34.0% of CD patients developed ePOCs after surgical resection.Conclusions: Diagnosis-surgery duration exceeding 6 months, serum platelet count <300*1000/mm3, and serum GGT level >10U/L were associated with an increased risk of ePOCs. Preoperative exposure to anti-TNF agents were not associated with a higher risk of ePOCs.
Stochastic Model For Setpoint of a Rolling Mill: An Application In The Soybean Oil Production
Authors: Ferreira Magna Paulina de Souza , Arantes Márcio da Silva , Arantes Jesimar da Silva , Bonnard Renan , Toledo Claudio Fabiano Motta
Published: December 2021

A scientific challenge on industrial production is to mathematically represent a production process, and this challenge increases when describing production processes with stochastic behavior. The present paper will be approaching a specific part of the production process of soybean oil, where the main objective is to maximize the oil extraction by keeping the thicknesses of the soybean flakes within an operating range. We propose a method, based on a mathematical stochastic model, to obtain pressure setpoints that produce flakes as ideal as possible for oil extraction. The results reported are achieved by applying the proposed method in the industry with improvements within the process in terms of time and quality.
Cost-Utility Analysis of Palbociclib, Ribociclib and Letrozole in the First Line Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer in Iran Using Partitioned Survival Model
Authors: Darvishi Ali , Daroudi Rajabali , Fazaeli Aliakbar
Published: December 2021

Background and ObjectivesPalbociclib and Ribociclib are a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK 4/6) oral molecular inhibitors may improve overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS) and quality of life (QoL) in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients. We aimed to cost utility analysis (CUA) of Palbociclib in comparison with other alternative regimens in the first line treatment of patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2–) MBC in Iran.MethodsCUA was performed using partitioned survival model (PSM) from Iranian healthcare system perspective. Comparative strategies were Palbociclib+letrozole, Ribociclib+letrozole and Letrozole mono-therapy. Model structured with 1-month cycle length and 15 years as time horizon. Clinical safety and efficacy of interventions and survival functions in terms of PFS and OS for Palbociclib+letrozole, and Ribociclib+Letrozole was obtained from the latest update of PALOMA-1, 2 and MONALEESA-2 study, respectively. Direct medical costs include the cost of drugs, visits, hospitalization, CT scan, bone x-rays, monitoring and testing, and the medications side effects were considered. In order to uncertainty evaluations, deterministic sensitivity analysis (DSA) and probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) were performed. Excel 2016 and TreeAge 2020 were used in all stages of evaluation.ResultsBase case results showed that despite the lower effectiveness, Letrozole mono-therapy was the most cost-effective strategy and Palbociclib+letrozole and Ribociclib+letrozole were not cost effective. The incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) of the Palbociclib+Letrozole and Ribociclib+Letrozole compared to Letrozole mono-therapy was estimated at $137,302 and $120,478 per quality adjusted life year (QALY), respectively, indicating a large interval from the target threshold ($4956). DSA showed that the results of the CUA were not significantly sensitive to changes in the values of uncertain variables. PSA also showed Palbociclib+letrozole and Ribociclib+letrozole did not have a chance to be cost effective based on changes in various parameters and simulations.Conclusions﻿albociclib and Ribociclib showed significant efficacy in the addition to Letrozole based on the PFS but were not cost effective strategies in the first line treatment of MBC.
MicroRNA Transformed Genetically Modified Crops and their Effect on Human Health.
Authors: Quazi Sameer
Published: December 2021

GM crops or Genetically Modified crops are attracted a wide range of media attention in recent years and continues to do so. Media given awareness about the genetically modified crops to public. They reported the uses and drawbacks of the GM crops. The technique offers with regards to the range of advantages of the use of genetically modified crops. In the Pioneer stage of the production of GM crops, two different sectors of concern have been evolved, which includes impact on the agriculture and dangerous to human life. Safety of the eatables have a vital role in the world. The issue can be reduced by enhancing the productivity and quality of the crop. Genetic manipulation technology depends on the MiRNA, it is one of the main problem-solving methods, which influence the environmental product formation through improving major rules used for miRNAs modification and its objectives in GM plants, it contains constitutive, induction to stress, or specific tissue expression of micro RNAs or their aim, RNA gene silencing mechanism, micro-RNA-resistant target and gene expressions. Genetically Modified Organisms is one of the major focuses in biomedical research from 1980s. Since, Genetically Modified models with animal enable researchers for treatment of human genetic diseases. Genetically Modified microorganisms, crops, and animals are used for the production of drugs that are complex by which helps the generation to vaccines that are cheaper. However, this article+ more focused on the human health associated with the genetically modified foods and role of miRNAs in respected to GM food products.
Localization of Intuitive Eating Scale-2 and Its Application in Chinese Obese Patients with Primary Hypertension
Authors: Junhua Li , Minjuan Wu , Guohe Feng , Xingwei Zhang , Wenqin Wang
Published: December 2021

Intuitive eating (IE) is largely considered to be engaging in behaviors consistent with eating in reaction to one’s physiological appetite and fullness signals instead of environmental stimuli and emotional cues. The Intuitive Eating Scale-2 (IES-2) was developed in order to assess the outlook and behaviors of eating on four subscales: unconditional permission to eat (UPE), eating because of physiological as opposed to emotional reasons (EPR), dependence on physiological hunger and satiety cues (RHSC), and body-food choice congruence (B-FCC). Obesity is a frequent comorbidity in Chinese patients with hypertension and nearly 3/4 of such patients have eating problems. The current study intended to validate the psychological measurement properties of the IES-2 Chinese Version (IES-2-Chi) in an obese population with hypertension. For the IES-2-Chi, Cronbach's ɑ = 0.947, split-half reliability was 0.850, the test-retest reliability was 0.889, chi-square/degree of freedom ratio (χ2/df) = 1.318, root mean square error approximation (RMSEA) = 0.040, root mean square residual (RMR) = 0.053, goodness-of-fit index (GFI) = 0.902, comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.982, Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) = 0.978, incremental fit index (IFI) = 0.983, and normal fit index (NFI) = 0.932. The secondary study objective was to evaluate IE levels of obese Chinese patients with hypertension. IE was correlated positively with self-efficacy, body image, and frequency of eating vegetables and fruits, but negatively with body mass index, hemoglobin, diastolic blood pressure, hematocrit, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and frequency of eating fast food.Conclusion: The current study demonstrates that the IES-2-Chi has good reliability and validity in obese patients with primary hypertension and can be used to evaluate IE levels of these patients. Based on the current study results, future studies may be designed to develop intervention strategies using IE to utilize its influential factors in obese patients with primary hypertension.
Enrichment of Homoacetogens Converting H2/CO2 into Acids and Ethanol and Simultaneous Methane Production
Authors: He Yaxue , Cassarini Chiara , Lens Piet N. L.
Published: December 2021

An anaerobic granular sludge was enriched to utilize H2/CO2 in a continuous gas-fed up-flow anaerobic sludge reactor by applying operating conditions expected to produce acetic acid, butyric acid and ethanol. Three stages of fermentation were found: Stage I with acetic acid accumulation with the highest concentration of 35 mM along with a pH decrease from initial 6 to 4.5. In Stage II, H2/CO2 was replaced by 100% H2 to induce solventogenesis, whereas butyric acid was produced with the highest concentration of 2.5 mM. At Stage III with 10 μM tungsten (W) addition, iso-valeric acid, valeric acid and caproic acid were produced at pH 4.5 -5.0. In the batch tests inoculated with the enriched sludge taken from the bioreactor (day 70), however, methane production occurred at pH 6. Exogenous 15 mM acetate addition enhanced both the H2 and CO2 consumption rate compared to exogenous 10, 30 and 45 mM acetate by the enriched sludge. Exogenous acetate failed to be converted to ethanol using H2 as electron donor by the enriched acetogens.
Classifying Oscillatory Brain Activity Associated With Indian Rasas Using Network Metrics
Authors: Pandey Pankaj , Tripathi Richa , Miyapuram Krishna Prasad
Published: December 2021

Neural oscillations are the rich source to understand cognition, perception, and emotions. Decades of research on brain oscillations have primarily discussed neural signatures for the western classification of emotions. Despite this, the Indian ancient treatise on emotions popularly known as Rasas has remained unexplored. In this study, we collected Electroencephalography (EEG) encodings while participants watched nine emotional movie clips corresponding to nine Rasas. The key objective of this study is to identify the brain waves that could distinguish between Rasas. Therefore, we decompose the EEG signals into five primary frequency bands comprising delta (1-4 Hz), theta (4-7 Hz), alpha (8-13 Hz), beta (13-30 Hz), and gamma (30-45 Hz). We construct the functional networks from EEG time-series data and subsequently utilize the fourteen graph-theoretical measures to compute the features. Random Forest models are trained on the extracted features, and we present our findings based on classifier predictions. We observe slow (delta) and fast brain waves (beta and gamma) exhibited the maximum discriminating features between Rasas, whereas alpha and theta bands showed fewer distinguishable pairs. Out of nine Rasas, Sringaram, Bibhatsam, and Bhayanakam displayed the most distinguishing characteristics from other Rasas. Interestingly, our results are consistent with the previous studies, which highlight the significant role of higher frequency oscillations for the classification of emotions. Our finding on the alpha band is consistent with the previous study, which reports the maximum similarity in brain networks across emotions in the alpha band. This research contributes to the pioneering work on Indian Rasas utilizing brain responses.
Reduction of Core-loss in the High Frequency Band of the Fe-Si-Cr Crystalline Alloy According to Particle Size
Authors: Choi Yeon Jun , Ahn Ji Hun , Kim Deok Hyeon , Kim Ye Rae , Lee Bo Wha
Published: December 2021

In order for soft magnetic composites (SMCs) to achieve the high-performance requirements expected of them even at high frequencies, high permeability and low core-loss are required. In this study, we used different sizes of gas atomized Fe-Si-Cr alloy powder to produce SMCs, this alloy has higher resistivity than existing materials used in SMCs such as Fe-Si alloy or pure Fe. These powders were prepared by sieving raw materials which had an average size from less than 25 µm to over 63 µm. Our experiments show that as particle size decreases, the magnetic saturation tends to increase, the sample made from the powder with particles 25-38 µm in size recorded the highest magnetic saturation of 169.38 emu/g. Additionally, as particle size decreased, permeability increased. The sample made from powder with particles under 25 µm had a permeability of 20.7 H/m at 1 MHz. Also, the relationship between particle size and quality factor was found to be inversely proportional. Finally, the minimum core-loss was 187.26 kW/m3 at 1 MHz for the sample made from powder whose constituent particles are under 25 µm. We also observed that the core-loss is proportional to particle size.
Enrichment of Luminescence via Incorporation of Fluxes in La2Zr2O7:Tb3+ Nanophosphors: One Material, Many Possibilities-Latent Fingerprint Visualization, Anti- counterfeiting, Luminescent Flexible Films
Authors: Lavanya D. R. , Darshan G. P. , Malleshappa J. , Premkumar H. B. , Sharma S. C. , Hariprasad S. A. , Nagabhushana H.
Published: December 2021

Engineering of single material with multidirectional applications is of crucial for improving the productivity, low cost, flexibility and least power consumption, etc. To achieve these requirements, novel design structures and high performance materials are in urgent need. Lanthanide-doped nanophosphors have greatest strengths and ability in order to tuning its applications in various dimensions. However, nanophosphor applications in latent fingerprints visualization, anti-counterfeiting and luminescent gels/films are still in its infancy. This study demonstrated a simple strategy to enhance the luminescence of Tb3+ doped (1-11 mol %) La2Zr2O7 nanophosphors by conjugating the fluxes via simple solution combustion route. The photoluminescence spectra reveal intense peaks at ~ 491, 546, 587 and 622 nm arises from 5D4◊7FJ (J = 6, 5, 4, 3) transitions of Tb3+ ions, respectively. The highest emission intensity was achieved in the NH4Cl flux assisted nanophosphor as compared to NaBr and NH4F. The colorimetric images of fingerprints visualized using optimized nanophosphor on forensic related surfaces exhibit level –III ridge details, including sweat pores, width of the ridges, bifurcation angle, successive distance between sweat pores, etc. These results are decisive parameters which clearly supports the statement “no two persons have ever been found to have the same fingerprints”. The anti-counterfeiting security ink was formulated using nanophosphor and designed various patterns by simple screen printing and dip pen technology. The encoded information was decrypted only under ultraviolet 254 nm light. All the designed patterns are not just what it looks/feels like and how it works. As a synergetic contribution of enhanced luminescence of the prepared nanophosphor, the fabricated green-emissive films display excellent flexibility, uniformity and transparency in the normal and ultraviolet 254 nm light illumination. Aforementioned results revealed that prepared NH4Cl flux assisted La2Zr2O7: Tb3+(7 mol %) NPs are considered to be best candidate for multi-dimensional applications.
Updated Absolute Gravity Rate of Change Associated With Glacial Isostatic Adjustment in Southeast Alaska and Its Utilization for Rheological Parameter Estimation
Authors: Naganawa Kazuhiro , Kazama Takahito , Fukuda Yoichi , Miura Satoshi , Hayakawa Hideki , Ohta Yusaku , Freymueller Jeffrey
Published: December 2021

In Southeast Alaska (SE-AK), rapid ground uplift of up to 3 cm/yr has been observed associated with post-Little Ice Age glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA). Geodetic techniques such as global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and absolute gravimetry have been applied to monitor GIA since the last 1990s. Rheological parameters for SE-AK were determined from dense GNSS array data in earlier studies. However, the absolute gravity rate of change observed in SE-AK was inconsistent with the ground uplift rate, mainly because few gravity measurements from 2006 to 2008 resulted in imprecise gravity variation rates. Therefore, we collected absolute gravity data at six gravity points in SE-AK every June in 2012, 2013, and 2015, and updated the gravity variation rate by reprocessing the absolute gravity data collected from 2006 to 2015. We found that the updated gravity variation rate at the six gravity points ranged from −2.05 to −4.40 μGal/yr, and its standard deviation was smaller than that reported in the earlier study by up to 88 %. We also estimated the rheological parameters to explain the updated gravity variation rate, and their optimal values were determined to be 55 km and 1.2 × 10^19 Pa s for lithospheric thickness and upper mantle viscosity, respectively. These optimal values are consistent with those independently obtained from GNSS observations, and this fact indicates that absolute gravimetry can be one of the most effective methods in determining sub-surface structural parameters associated with GIA accurately. Moreover, we utilized the gravity variation rates for estimating the ratio of gravity variation to vertical ground deformation at the six gravity points in SE-AK. The viscous ratio values were obtained as −0.168 and −0.171 μGal/mm from the observed data and the calculated result, respectively. These ratios are greater (in absolute) than those for other GIA regions (−0.15 to −0.16 μGal/mm in Antarctica and Fennoscandia) because glaciers in SE-AK have melted more recently than in other regions.
A Novel Preoperative Inflammation Score System Established for Postoperative Prognosis Predicting of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Fu Jun , Chen Qinjunjie , Lai Zisen , Lin Kongying , Fang Guoxu , Ding Zongren , Gao Yuzhen , Zeng Yongyi
Published: December 2021

BackgroundInflammation has been implicated in tumorigenesis and has been reported as an important prognostic factor in cancers. In this study, we aimed to develop and validate a novel inflammation score (IFS) system based on 12 inflammatory markers and explore its impact on intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) survival after hepatectomy.MethodsClinical data of 446 ICC patients underwent surgical treatment were collected from the Primary Liver Cancer Big Data, and then served as a training cohort to establish the IFS. Furthermore, an internal validation cohort including 175 patients was used as internal validation cohort of the IFS. A survival tree analysis was used to divide ICC patients into three groups (low-, median-, and high- IFS-score groups) according to different IFS values. Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves were used to compare the overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates among three different groups. Cox regression analyses were applied to explore the independent risk factors influencing OS and RFS.ResultsIn the training cohort, 149 patients were in the low-IFS-score group, 187 in the median-IFS-score group, and 110 in the high-IFS-score group. KM curves showed that the high-IFS-score group had worse OS and RFS rates than those of the low- and median-IFS-score groups (P<0.001) in both the training and validation cohorts. Moreover, multivariable Cox analyses identified high IFS as an independent risk factor for OS and RFS in the training cohort. The area under the curve values for OS prediction of IFS were 0.703 and 0.664 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively, which were higher than those of the AJCC 7th edition TNM stage, AJCC 8th edition TNM stage, and the Child-Pugh score. Conclusions﻿Our results revealed IFS was an independent risk factor for OS and RFS in patients with ICC after hepatectomy and could serve as an effective prognostic prediction system in daily clinical practice.
Mild Cognitive Impairment Stratification by Artificial Intelligence on FDG PET
Authors: Prats-Climent Joan , Gandia-Ferrero Maria Teresa , Torres-Espallardo Irene , Álvarez-Sanchez Lourdes , Martínez-Sanchis Begoña , Cháfer-Pericás Consuelo , Gómez-Rico-Junquero Ignacio , Cerdá-Alberich Leonor , Aparici-Robles Fernando , Baquero-Toledo Miquel , Rodríguez-Álvarez María José , Martí-Bonmatí Luis
Published: December 2021

Purpose

The purpose of this project is to develop and externally validate a Deep Learning (DL) FDG PET imaging algorithm able to identify patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Frontotemporal Degeneration (FTD) and Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) among a group of patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).
Methods

A 3D Convolutional neural network, trained using images from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database, was implemented. The ADNI dataset used for training and testing the model consisted of 822 subjects (472 AD and 350 MCI). The external validation was performed on an independent dataset from our hospital. The hospital real world dataset contains 90 subjects with MCI: 71 patients that developed a neurodegenerative disease (64 AD, 4 FTD and 3 DLB) and 19 subjects without associated neurodegenerative disease.
Results

The ADNI model had 79% accuracy, 88% sensitivity and 71% specificity in the identification of patients with neurodegenerative diseases tested on the 10% ADNI dataset, achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.897. When used for the external validation, the model preserved 77% accuracy, 75% sensitivity, 84% specificity and 0.860 area under the ROC curve.
Conclusion

This model based on FDG PET images can help the early non-invasive prediction of neurodegenerative diseases in MCI patients in standard clinical settings with an overall 77% classification accuracy.
Study of The Biodegradation of Poly (3- Hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) by Microorganisms from the Sea waters of the Atlantic Coast of Brazil
Authors: Barreto Lhaira Souza , Silva Erika Emanuele Gomes , Filho Luiz Emílio Pessôa Timeni Moraes , Costa Anna Raffaela Matos , Barbosa Josiane Dantas Viana , Maciel Sara Horacio de Oliveira , de Almeida Yêda Medeiros Bastos , Vinhas Gloria Maria
Published: December 2021

The objective of this study was to evaluate the biodegradation of Poly (hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) in static systems, using as fluid the seawater of the Coastal Region of the State of Pernambuco (Brazil). The physical and chemical modifications of the polymers, as a function of biodegradation, were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), mechanical tensile assay, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), gravimetric test, and microbiological analysis. Through the FTIR, it was possible to observe in the PHB a decrease of 23.22% in the carbonyl index for the crystalline phase and 32.30% in the amorphous phase after 180 days, which evidences the effect of the biodegradation present. The mechanical properties of PHB were altered with biodegradation, but the thermal properties remained. During the gravimetric tests, there was a reduction in mass and consequently higher degradation rates for PHB, which is corroborated by the microbiological tests of the system. All characterizations demonstrated that the surface of the HDPE is less susceptible to biofilm formation and, consequently, to the enzymatic action of microorganisms. After 180 days of immersion, no significant microbiological degradation was observed in the HDPE, except for some abiotic alterations.
OPN Inhibits Autophagy through CD44, Integrin and the MAPK Pathway in Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes
Authors: Bai Rui-Jun , Liu Di , Li Yu-Sheng , Tian Jian , Yu Deng-Jie , Li Heng-Zhen , Zhang Fang-Jie
Published: December 2021

Background: To investigate whether OPN has an effect on autophagy in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes and determine the roles of CD44, αvβ3 integrin and the MAPK pathway in this progress. Methods: First, we cultured human OA chondrocytes in vitro and then treated cells with rhOPN to determine autophagy changes. Next , the anti-CD44 and anti-CD51/61 monoclonal antibodies (Abs) or isotype IgG were used to determine the possible role of CD44 and αvβ3 integrin; subsequently, an inhibitor of the ERK MAPK pathway was used to investigate the role of ERK MAPK. Western blotting was used to measure the beclin1, LC3 II and MAPK protein expression, and mRFP-GFP-LC3 confocal imaging was used to detect the autophagy levels. CCK-8 was used to assay the proliferation and activity of chondrocytes. Results: Our results showed that the LC3 protein was greatly decreased in OA cartilage compared to normal cartilage ,and OPN suppressed the autophagy activity in chondrocytes in vitro. Blocking experiments with anti-CD44 and anti-CD51/61 Abs indicated that OPN could suppress the expression of LC3II and beclin1 through αvβ3 integrin and CD44. Our results also indicated that the ratio of p-ERK/ ERK but not p-P38/P38 and p-JNK/JNK was increased after the rhOPN treatment. The ERK inhibitor inhibited the activity of OPN in the suppression of autophagy, and the CCK-8 results showed that rhOPN could promote chondrocyte proliferation. Conclusions: OPN inhibited chondrocyte autophagy through CD44 and αvβ3 integrin receptors and via the ERK MAPK signaling pathway.
Identification the Hub Genes of Hirudin Intervention of Diabetic Nephropathy Based On Bioinformatic Analysis and Molecular Docking
Authors: Lin Wei , Jiang Chen , Yu Hangxing , Li Jiaqi , Liu Xinyue , Zhong Ke , Fan Guorong , Yang Hongtao
Published: December 2021

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the common complications of diabetes, it can cause a disproportionate burden. Leeches are widely used to treat DN in China, and hirudin is the main component of leeches. However, its pharmacological mechanisms and molecular targets are unclear. This work aimed to explore new biomarkers of DN and reveal the mechanism of hirudin in DN. Methods: Expression microarray datas between kidney tissues of DN and control individuals were obtained from the GEO database, and differentially expressed genes were identified as DN-related targets using the robust rank aggregation analysis. The SEA, GeneCards and SwissTargetPrediction databases were used to predict targets of hirudin. A protein-protein interaction network of DN-hirudin was conducted by Cytoscape software. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were carried out to explore the involved pharmacological mechanism of hirudin in treatment of DN. And molecular docking was adopted to predict the hub targets of hirudin. Results: A total of 30 significant DEGs (16 up- and 14 down-regulated) were identified. ATF3, SLC22A8 and TGF-Β1 are likely as new biomarkers of DN. The 42 candidate targets were identifyed in PPI network. GO analysis revealed that these targets were enriched with ubiquitin protein ligase, transcription factor binding and nuclear transport. The KEGG pathways were enriched, including AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Focal adhesion. The docking results showed that hirudin could easily dock with ITGA4, EGFR and ESR1. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that hirudin is involved in DN therapy through a multi-targeted, multi-pathway approach. It provides a basis for further research on its mechanism of action.
Isopropyl 3-(3, 4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-Hydroxypropanoate, A Novel Metabolite From Salvia Miltiorrhiza, Protects Against LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice by Attenuating the Canonical and Non-Canonical Inflammatory Pathway of Pyroptosis
Authors: Zhang Mei-Ling , Wang Meng , Chen Jian , Liu Yan-Jie , Zheng Xiao-Hui , Xiao Ying-Chou , Zhao Xue-Yi , Zhao Ye , Niu Wen , Li Zhi-Chao
Published: December 2021

Background: The pathological characteristics of acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are pulmonary edema resulting from pulmonary permeability increasing. The main cause is uncontrolled inflammatory response leading to the damage of pulmonary vascular endothelial and alveolar epithelial barriers. However, there has not been effective drugs against ALI. In this study, we investigated the function of Isopropyl 3-(3, 4-dihydroxypheny l)-2-hydroxypropanoate (IDHP), a novel metabolite of Danshen dripping pill having anti-inflammatory effect, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced ALI in mice, and its underlying mechanisms.Methods: Pretreatment of IDHP in LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice were observed on survival rate, pulmonary morphologic changes, total protein content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and inflammatory cytokines in lung tissue and BALF. To further explore its mechanism on ALI, THP-1 macrophages was studied to analyse propotosis related proteins and co-culture with epithelial or endothelial cells to assess protection function of IDHP in vitro.Results: As revealed by survival study, pretreatment with high dose of IDHP reduced the mortality of mice from ALI. IDHP pretreatment significantly improved LPS-induced lung pathological changes, reduced protein leakage and lung myeloperoxidase activity. IDHP also inhibited the release of inflammatory mediators TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-18 in BALF and lung tissue. Meanwhile, IDHP decreased the expression of active-caspase1 (in canonical pyroptosis pathway), caspase4/5 (non-canonical pyroptosis pathway), Nrlp3, mature IL-1β, mature IL-18, Asc speck formation, and cleaved Gsdmd, all these are required for pyroptosis, in LPS stimulated THP-1 macrophages. Moreover, IDHP also decreased ROS production in LPS-stimulated THP-1 macrophages, inhibited the expression of tight junction proteins (Occludin, Zo-1) in endothelial cells, and decreased lactate dehydrogenase activity in supernatants of epithelial or endothelial cells, co-cultured with LPS-stimulated THP-1 macrophages. Conclusions: Pretreatment of IDHP improves survival rate and ameliorates LPS-induced ALI in mice possibly via inhibiting canonical and non-canonical pyroptosis pathways.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice to Wards Hepatitis B Prevention Among Debre Tabor Health Science College Students, South Gondar, Amhara, Ethiopia 2021
Authors: Zimamu Libsuye Yalgaw , Adal Gashaw Mekete , Getu Bisrat Dessie , Wubet Gashaw Mehiret
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B infection is caused by the hepatitis B virus which attacks the liver and can cause both acute and chronic disease and puts people at high risk of death from cirrhosis and liver cancer. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a highly contagious virus which is 50-100 times more infectious than HIV but have similar mode of transmission. Hepatitis B is the most common serious liver infection in the world. Hepatitis B infection is one of the major public health problems and is the tenth leading cause of death. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice towards hepatitis B prevention among students in Debre Tabor Health Science College. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 health science students in Debre tabor, town September to october,2021. The study participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique after proportionally allocating the sample size from the total number of students, and finally study subjects was selected by systematic random sampling based on their list studying at Debre tabor health science college. The data were collected by trained data collectors using a structured self-questionnaire. The collected data were checked, coded and entered to SPSS version 20, and for data cleaning and analysis. RESULT: The response rate was 84.1% (n = 355). A total of 262(73.8%) of the students knew about the transmission of HBV infection. Majority of the students (73.5%) agreed for vaccination against HBV infection. About 10.4%, 16.3%, 5.6%, 15.5%, 10.4%, 5.1%, and 5.07% of were responds know wearing of gloves, wearing of goggles, adequate disposal of sharp materials, avoid patients diagnosed with hepatitis B, multivitamin/Blood Tonic, use antibiotics after contact, and other protective measures taken to protect against hepatitis B infection students knew about the preventive measures against HBV infection. CONCLUSION: The overall awareness regarding HBV disease was found to be deficient among the health science students.
Shock Index In Obstetric Hemorrhage As An Applicable Method To Anticipate Adverse Outcome
Authors: Saleh Hend S. , R.Mahdy Entesar , Elsayad Ahmed H , M.Mahfouz Eman , Abdou Ahmed Mahmoud , Radwan Mohamed El-Husseny , Sherif Hala E
Published: December 2021

Background: To establish the ability of shock index and the different vital signs to predict the adverse maternal outcomes in the cases of obstetric hemorrhage . Methods: This prospective - retrospective study comprised patients with primary PPH or hemorrhage due to obstetric cause who were referred to zagazig University hospital Egypt , from January 2018, to December 2019 Data of vital signs of them ; systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, pulse pressure, mean arterial pressure and shock index (heart rate divided by systolic blood pressure) at time of arrival were investigated . Adverse outcome like ,death , admission to the intensive care unit , massive transfusion and invasive procedures were revised and analyzed. AUROC (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ) was used for shock index in comparison to each vital sign for predicting the adverse maternal outcomes. Sensitivity, specificity, and negative and positive predictive values were assessed to detect the best predictor.Results: The mean age of participants years (SD)was 29.2 ( ±7.3) of admission and 44% had altered. The most Common cause of hemorrhage was Iatrogenic ; either misuse of uterotonic or traumatic 30.2% The mean value of HR 108.1±26.6 , SBP 101± 28.7 mmHg , DBP 58.9±21.3 mmHg , SI 1.153±0.541 and mean blood loss 1922 (0.862) .For death, SI and SBP had the highest AUC value at 0.88 (0.81–0.95) with P=0.213). For ICU blood transfusion ≥ 5iu , admission and invasive surgical interventions, SI had the uppermost AUROC value at 0.76, 0.78 and 0.61. Sensitivity for all adverse outcomes of SI ≥ 0.7,is h from 99 to 90.0 . For death prediction SI≥ 0.7 had very low specificity ;0.6{0.2-1.3}and of SI ≥ 0.9 ;6.4{2.8-7.1}Conclusion: Shock index is a strapping applicable predictor of adverse outcomes. for patients who suffering from hypovolemic shock due to obstetric hemorrhage,
MRI-Based Radiomics Nomogram To Predict Intraoperative Hemorrhage of Placenta Previa
Authors: Song Ye , Zhu Liping , Chen Dali , Li Yongmei , Xi Qi , Zhou Liping , Gu Yidong , Yue Yongfei
Published: December 2021

Background: Placenta previa is associated with higher percentage of intraoperative and postpartum hemorrhage, increased obstetric hysterectomy, significant maternal morbidity and mortality. We aimed to develop and validate a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based nomogram to preoperative prediction of intraoperative hemorrhage (IPH) for placenta previa, which might contribute to adequate assessment and preoperative preparation for the obstetricians.Methods: Between May 2015 and December 2019, a total of 125 placenta previa pregnant women were divided into a training set (n = 80) and a validation set (n = 45). Radiomics features were extracted from MRI images of each patient. A MRI-based model comprising seven features was built for the classification of patients into IPH and non-IPH groups in a training set and validation set. Multivariate nomograms based on logistic regression analyses were built according to radiomics features. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the model. Predictive accuracy of nomogram were assessed by calibration plots and decision curve analysis. Results: In multivariate analysis, placenta position, placenta thickness, cervical blood sinus and placental signals in the cervix were signifcantly independent predictors for IPH (all p < 0.05). The MRI-based nomogram showed favorable discrimination between IPH and non-IPH groups. The calibration curve showed good agreement between the estimated and the actual probability of IPH. Decision curve analysis also showed a high clinical benefit across a wide range of probability thresholds. The AUC was 0.918 ( 95% CI, 0.857-0.979 ) in the training set and 0.866( 95% CI, 0.748-0.985 ) in the validation set by the combination of four MRI features.Conclusions: The MRI-based nomograms might be a useful tool for the preoperative prediction of IPH outcomes for placenta previa. Our study enables obstetricians to perform adequate preoperative evaluation to minimize blood loss and reduce the rate of caesarean hysterectomy.
Die besten Menschen, die es jemals gab
Authors: Verständig Dan
Published: December 2021

Die Versprechen der Verbesserung des Menschen bis hin zur Perfektion und die Gegenüberstellung von rational begründeten Abläufen durch die fehlerfreien Berechnungen von algorithmischen Systemen oder, genauer gesagt, einer supermächtigen Künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) haben sich in den letzten Jahren entlang der Diskussionen um den Trans- bzw. Posthumanismus entfaltet. Sie werden getragen von einer Rhetorik um die Imperfektion des Menschen und um den fast gottgleichen Glauben in die Kraft der Berechnung. Der Beitrag untersucht die Rede von der Verbesserung des Menschen und hinterfragt, wie sich das Denken über digitale Technologien in die Handlungsvollzüge der Menschen einschreibt.
Zur datengestützten Selbstoptimierung aus bildungstheoretischer Sicht
Authors: Thompson Christiane , Ferraro Estella
Published: December 2021

Die zunehmende Implementation digitaler Technologien in pädagogische Settings wirft Fragen im Hinblick auf Selbstverhältnisse und Subjektivierung auf. Der Beitrag fragt entsprechend aus bildungstheoretischer Perspektive danach, wie digitale Technologien mit Blick auf eine datengestützte Selbstoptimierung zu einem Teil des Selbst werden. Im ersten Teil des Beitrags wird ein modernisierungstheoretischer Rahmen skizziert, der die Fragmentierung und Verflüssigung des modernen Lebens bildungstheoretisch perspektiviert. Im Anschluss daran lassen sich Prozesse der Datafizierung im Sinne einer doppelten modernen Formatierung fassen: zum einen hinsichtlich der Hoffnung auf eine doch erfüllbare Selbstbestimmung und zum anderen als ein symbolischer Riss, der sich im Medium der Daten unmittelbar wieder öffnet. Diese Struktur treibt die Datafizierung im Horizont einer sich ausweitenden «Risikoindustrie» (Rose 1999) an. Im letzten Schritt werden die Konsequenzen dieser Entwicklung für die Konstitution pädagogischen Wissens beleuchtet.
Recensione: Russel, Victoria & Murphy-Judy, Kathryn (2020). Teaching language online. Routledge
Authors: Casentini Marco
Published: December 2021

IT La presente recensione mira ad offrire una valutazione critica del volume Teaching Language Online di Victoria Russel e Kathryn
Murphy-Judy. Nella prima parte della recensione viene introdotto l’argomento generale trattato dal libro, descrivendone
brevemente i contenuti di ogni capitolo. Nella seconda parte si fornisce una descrizione dei contenuti in prospettiva critica,
evidenziandone i punti di forza e le eventuali criticità.

Parole chiave: DIDATTICA DELLE LINGUE, INSEGNAMENTO ON-LINE, ADDIE

EN This review aims to offer a critical evaluation of the book, Teaching Language Online, by Victoria Russel and Kathryn Murphy-
Judy. In the first section of the review, the general topic of the book is discussed, and a brief description of the contents of each
chapter is offered. The second section consists of a description of its contents through a critical perspective highlighting its
strengths as well as its weaknesses.

Key words: LANGUAGE TEACHING, REMOTE TEACHING, ADDIE

ES Esta reseña tiene como objetivo ofrecer una valoración crítica del volumen Teaching Language Online, de las autoras Victoria
Russel y Kathryn Murphy-Judy. En la primera parte de la reseña se trata el tema general del libro y se ofrece una breve descripción
del contenido de cada capítulo. En la segunda parte se lleva a cabo una descripción de los contenidos desde un punto de vista
crítico, y se destacan tanto sus puntos fuertes como sus puntos débiles.

Palabras clave: ENSEÑANZA DE LENGUAS, ENSEÑANZA REMOTA, ADDIE
Aprendizaje-Servicio Virtual 100% online
Authors: Culcasi Irene , Romano Luciano , Cinque Maria
Published: December 2021

El presente estudio tenía como objetivo explorar la eficacia del Aprendizaje-Servicio 100% online (APSv), implementado durante la pandemia COVID-19 en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios italianos. Los objetivos fueron: comprender, según la perspectiva de los y las estudiantes, ventajas y desventajas de hacer APSv (9 proyectos en total) y el valor atribuido a la experiencia; investigar la eficacia de APSv en el desarrollo de las competencias transversales de los y las estudiantes y el aumento de su percepción de la importancia de estas competencias en su futura actividad laboral. El estudio mostró que los y las estudiantes perciben dificultades relacionadas con: la complejidad del trabajo a distancia, la falta de contacto humano, la comprensión del impacto del proyecto, la descontextualización del servicio, y la falta de competencias digitales. Sin embargo, reconocieron que la esfera digital ofrece nuevas oportunidades para gestionar el trabajo, impactos potencialmente más amplios y nuevos enfoques para el diseño digital. Por último, los resultados proporcionaron información sobre los beneficios del APS 100% online para el desarrollo de competencias transversales (comunicación, habilidades analíticas, habilidades de procesamiento de información y datos digitales, y resolución de problemas digitales). El estudio aporta indicaciones para la práctica docente y la investigación futura.