bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tensile Characteristics of Bio-Composite Material Reinforced with Corn Skin
Authors: Bale Jefri , Pell Yeremias , Boimau Kristomus , Bistolen Boy , Rihi Dion
Published: November 2021

The main focus of the present work was to study corn skin as reinforcement of polyester bio-composite (CSPCs). The effect of reinforcement type, i.e. short fibers and discontinuous chips, on the tensile properties was studied. The corn skin materials were chemically treated with NaOH and added as reinforcement of polyester bio-composite using the hand lay-up fabrication method. Tensile tests were carried out according to ASTM D3039. The tensile strength characteristics of stress and modulus showed a different behavior between the two types of reinforcement due to a slight difference in specimen thickness, which affected the calculated stress and modulus values. Furthermore, from a physical properties point of view, the larger surface area of CSC compared to CSF, which still contains a lignin layer after the treatment with NaOH, could decrease the interfacial bonding between polyester as the matrix and CSC as the reinforcement. The tensile damage characteristics showed brittle behavior, propagataing perpendicular to the loading direction. Matrix cracking and interfacial debonding were identified as the main two damage modes of the CSF bio-composite and the CSC bio-composite, where the final failure was dominated by fiber pull out and chip fracture.
Comparison of embryonic competence and clinical outcomes between early and late cumulus cell removal for in vitro fertilization
Authors: Pongsuthirak Pallop
Published: November 2021

Objective: The impact of early mechanical removal of cumulus cells on fertilization and embryonic development is not yet precisely known. This study aimed to investigate the effects of early and late cumulus cell removal on fertilization, polyspermy, embryonic development potential, blastocyst development, and clinical outcomes.Methods: A prospective study was conducted of patients who underwent in vitro fertilization between September 2019 and October 2020. Sibling oocytes were randomly allocated after insemination to early cumulus cell removal at 6 hours (group I) and late cumulus cell removal at 16–18 hours (group II). If total fertilization failure (TFF) was determined to have occurred at early cumulus cell removal, rescue intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was performed. Fertilization, embryonic development, and pregnancy outcomes were compared.Results: A total of 912 oocytes were assigned to group I (458 oocytes) and group II (454 oocytes). Fertilization, polyspermy, embryo quality, and pregnancy outcomes were not significantly different between both groups. Rescue ICSI enabled fertilization of 79.2% of the TFF oocytes.Conclusion: Early cumulus cell removal at 6 hours had no significant difference in fertilization, polyspermy, embryo development, or obstetric and perinatal outcomes compared to late removal. Early cumulus cell removal combined with early rescue ICSI may have the potential to help couples with TFF.
Computational Thinking for Youth and Adults Education: model, principles, activities and lessons learned
Authors: Ortiz Júlia dos Santos Bathke , Pereira Roberto
Published: November 2021

Computational Thinking (CT) is considered one of the most needed abilities of the 21st Century as the usage of digital resources has become more and more frequent. Research on CT teaching has been growing over the last decade and Brazilian initiatives have focused on Elementary and High School students while less privileged audiences, such as non-literate citizens, are rarely addressed. The lack of literacy affects more than communication, but autonomy for economic, cultural and educational development, social interaction, and also the experience with information and communication technology. Non-literate citizens represent more than 11 million people in Brazil, and Youth and Adults Education (YAE) is an educational modality offered to these citizens. In this article, we present the main results from a Master's research that investigated CT as a means to reduce YAE's students' rejection and fear of technology, aware of their characteristics, contexts, and particularities. In our research, we consider that through the practice of CT people can comprehend how technology works and how it can be used, favoring familiarity, and reducing rejection and fear of technology. Grounded on Computing and Education literature, we conceived a model to plan and conduct initiatives for YAE, applying and studying our model in a case study conducted inside a Brazilian public school during 8 workshops with 17 participants. For the case study, 9 principles to support the practice with YAE students were identified and used to inform 12 activities created/adapted for practicing CT throughout the workshops. A research overview is presented, along with its theoretical grounds to the main results from the case study and lessons learned. Results show the model as promising to inform practices to exercise CT abilities, sensitive to the audience's context.
Big Data im Spannungsfeld von Wirtschaft und Gerechtigkeit
Authors: Sutmöller Nadine
Published: November 2021

What would John Rawls say about a data-based economy? The lively interest in big data is driven by the possibility of generating information about behaviour and preferences from large volumes of data and thus presenting customers with products that are precisely tailored to their needs, for example. However, big data also involves risks, especially in the context of privacy. Based on this, discussions are taking place in the area of justice because, for the most part, actors in the data economy have unequal power and opportunities for intervention. Using Rawls' theory, this study explores this issue and examines the impact big data has on a society. The book is intended for anyone interested in the discourse shaping the digital economy.
Körper | Kultur | Konflikt
Authors: Benkel Thorsten , Meitzler Matthias
Published: November 2021

Society's view of dying and death no longer corresponds to the fixed images with which the corresponding areas of knowledge were associated until a few years ago. For a long time, the supposedly ›unambiguous‹ levels of meaning of this complex issue were stable enough to paralyse social scientific research. For some time now, however, discourses have been emerging that (re)question the normative elements of funeral culture, the treatment of dead bodies and cremation ashes, the labelling of medical diagnoses, and the determination of the boundary between life and death. Today, there is a—quite productive—tension between real practices and cultural guidelines.
ВЯЗКОСТЬ И ВНУТРЕННЕЕ ТРЕНИЕ В ЖИДКОСТЯХ
Authors: МИЗЕРОВСКИЙ ЛЕВ НИКОЛАЕВИЧ , СМИРНОВ ПАВЕЛ РОСТИСЛАВОВИЧ
Published: November 2021

Обосновывается точка зрения, согласно которой термин «вязкость жидкости» относится к физическому параметру, характеризующему энергетические затраты на преодоление сил внутреннего (молекулярного) трения при поступательном и вращательном движении в жидкостях твердых тел и пространственном перемещении (течении) самих жидкостей. Показано, что в рамках такого подхода вязкость имеет размерность Дж⋅сек/м3, а ее численное значение зависит от трех параметров: теплоты испарения жидкости при температуре плавления, средней длительности межмолекулярных контактов при данной температуре и характерного для каждой жидкости критического значения этого параметра.
ЭКСПЕРТИЗА ВЫСКАЗЫВАНИЯ Д.И. МЕНДЕЛЕЕВА О БРИТАНСКОМ ЛИМИТЕ ДЛЯ БЕЗОПАСНОГО КЕРОСИНА
Authors: СМИРНОВ ВИТАЛИЙ ВЛАДИМИРОВИЧ , АЛЕКСЕЕВ СЕРГЕЙ ГЕННАДЬЕВИЧ , БАРБИН НИКОЛАЙ МИХАЙЛОВИЧ
Published: November 2021

В работе проведена экспертиза высказывания Д.И. Менделеева о «надломе привычек» Британского парламента при установлении нового лимита для безопасного керосина в 1879 году. Формально оснований для этого высказывания Д.И. Менделеева нет, поскольку официальное уменьшение этого лимита было связано с переходом от стандартного английского прибора открытого типа к новому закрытому тестеру Абеля. Поскольку в научно-практической деятельности Д.И. Менделеева отсутствует, такая черта, как небрежность, поэтому возникает закономерный вопрос: кто прав? Для решения этой задачи реконструирована картина основных событий, связанных с появлением безопасных лимитов по температуре вспышке (воспламенения) для осветительных масел (керосинов) На основании анализа полученной картины событий выявлено, что при переходе на новый лимит 73 °F присутствовала заинтересованность со стороны Нефтяной комиссии, которая была ответственная за допуск импортных керосинов на внутренний рынок Британских островов. При сравнительном изучении методик определения температуры вспышки в стандартном английском приборе, аппарате Джона Тальябу и закрытом тестере Абеля установлено, что необходимости в прямой фальсификации результатов контрольных испытаний керосина не было. Несовершенство методики Нефтяного закона 1868 года, а также организация проведения этих испытаний позволяла без особых усилий достигнуть желаемого результата для Нефтяной комиссии при Британском парламенте. Таким образом утверждение Д.И. Менделеева о «надломе привычек» Британского парламента следует признать справедливым не в полной мере.
ЛУБЯНЫЕ ВОЛОКНА – НОВЫЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ДЛЯ «ЗЕЛЕНОЙ» НАНОТЕХНОЛОГИИ
Authors: ДЫМНИКОВА НАТАЛЬЯ СЕРГЕЕВНА , ЕРОХИНА ЕКАТЕРИНА ВЯЧЕСЛАВОВНА , МОРЫГАНОВ АНДРЕЙ ПАВЛОВИЧ
Published: November 2021

Методом «зеленого» синтеза получены наночастицы серебра. Изучен процесс формирования наночастиц серебра в экстрактах из лубяных (конопляного и льняного) волокон. Установлена зависимость эффективности процесса восстановления ионов серебра от количественного содержания примесей в экстракте. Методом фотонной корреляционной спектроскопии определены размеры образующихся частиц. Доказано, что антимикробная активность в отношении тест-культур синтезированных золей и обработанной ими целлюлозной ткани зависит от условий проведения синтеза.
ТЕРМИЧЕСКОЕ РАЗЛОЖЕНИЕ КАТИОННЫХ, АНИОННЫХ И ДВОЙНЫХ КОМПЛЕКСНЫХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ 3d-МЕТАЛЛОВ
Authors: ДОМОНОВ ДЕНИС ПЕТРОВИЧ , ПЕЧЕНЮК СОФИЯ ИВАНОВНА , ГОСТЕВА АЛЕВТИАНА НИКОЛАЕВНА
Published: November 2021

Обзор посвящен рассмотрению термического поведения катионных, анионных и двойных комплексных соединений 3d металлов (Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Mn , Cr) в сравнении с комплексами благородных металлов, с координированными аммиаком, органическими аминами, мочевиной, цианидом, тиоцианатом, оксалатом и нитритом. Показано, что в процессе термолиза, проводимого в неравновесных условиях, двойные комплексы выдерживают нагревание до 200–250 °С вне зависимости от их термодинамической устойчивости.
МЕЧЕНИЕ ЛИНОЛЕВОЙ КИСЛОТЫ УГЛЕРОДОМ-14 И -13 ДЛЯ ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ДИАГНОСТИЧЕСКИХ ДЫХАТЕЛЬНЫХ ТЕСТОВ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ ГЕПАТОБИЛИАРНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ
Authors: ТЫНЬО ЯРОСЛАВ ЯРОСЛАВОВИЧ , МОРОЗОВА ГАЛИНА ВАДИМОВНА , БИРЮКОВА ЮЛИЯ КОНСТАНТИНОВНА , СИВОХИН ДМИТРИЙ АЛЕКСЕЕВИЧ , БЕЛЯКОВА АЛЛА ВЛАДИМИРОВНА , ПОЗДНЯКОВА НАТАЛЬЯ ВЛАДИМИРОВНА , ГРИГОРЬЕВА ЕЛЕНА ЮРЬЕВНА , МУТНЫХ ЕЛЕНА СЕРГЕЕВНА , ШЕВЕЛЕВ АЛЕКСЕЙ БОРИСОВИЧ
Published: November 2021

Потребности диагностики заболеваний печени и билиарной системы требуют разработки простого неинвазивного теста с высокой чувствительностью и специфичностью. Соединения, меченные изотопом углерода, уже имеют широкое применение для диагностики различных заболеваний методами дыхательных тестов, безопасны и способны достоверно выявлять метаболические нарушения или дефицит специфических ферментов в органах. В рамках работы разработан способ получения линолевой кислоты, меченной углеродом-13 и углеродом-14, по степени очистки пригодной для проведения дыхательных тестов в целях диагностики заболеваний гепатобилиарной системы.
СПЕКТРОФОТОМЕТРИЧЕСКОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ КОМПЛЕКСООБРАЗОВАНИЯ МАГНИЯ (II) С РЯДОМ АМИНОКИСЛОТ В ВОДНЫХ РАСТВОРАХ
Authors: ТОМАШЕВСКИЙ ИВАН АЛЕКСАНДРОВИЧ , ГОЛОВАНОВА ОЛЬГА АЛЕКСАНДРОВНА , АНИСИНА СВЕТЛАНА ВЛАДИСЛАВОВНА
Published: November 2021

В работе проведено спектрофотометрическое исследование комплексообразованиямагния (II) с глицином, L-аспарагиновой и L-глутаминовой кислотами в водном растворе при 298,15 К. Метод основывается на снятии спектров смесей магния (II) и аминокислот различной концентрации c их дальнейшей обработкой методом множественной линейной регрессии (МЛР). Для растворов было произведено определение оптической плотности в широком интервале длин волн: 190370 нм, и далее, с помощью специального программного обеспечения (DefMix, KOEFF_COUNTER, CONCENTR_COUNTER), были выбраны длины волн, по которым определение равновесных концентраций участников реакции проходит с наименьшей относительной ошибкой определения. Для каждого комплекса были выбраны те длины волн, по которым относительная ошибка определения составляла менее 5 %. По данным длинам волн были рассчитаныобщие константы устойчивости комплексов и энергия Гиббса комплексообразования. Приведены отличия в полученных значениях констант устойчивости комплексов аминокислот с магнием (II) и установлены факторы, влияющие на их устойчивость. Для системы «магний – глутаминовая кислота» lgK составил 2,02, а энергия Гиббса комплексообразования 11,51 кДж/моль, для системы «магний – аспарагиновая кислота» эти значения составили 2,61 и 14,87 кДж/моль, для системы «магний - глицин» 3,59 и 20,05 кДж/моль. Выполнение такой работы позволит расширить базу данных о взаимодействии магния (II) с аминокислотами. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы при исследованиях различных процессов биоминералообразования в организме человека, а также при создании медицинских препаратов, направленных на точечное воздействие.
ОКИСЛИТЕЛЬНАЯ ДЕСТРУКЦИЯ ЛИГНИНСОДЕРЖАЩИХ ПРИМЕСЕЙ ЛЬНА
Authors: ДЫМНИКОВА НАТАЛЬЯ СЕРГЕЕВНА , ЕРОХИНА ЕКАТЕРИНА ВЯЧЕСЛАВОВНА
Published: November 2021

Комплексными исследованиями нерастворившегося осадка лигнина Класона изучено образование его водорастворимых продуктов, а методом ИК-спектроскопии - состояние лигнина Класона, видоизмененного обработкой щелочным, пероксидными растворами и последующей окислительной варкой. Анализ спектрофотометрических исследований показал, что их максимальные изменения по сравнению с исходными происходят после активации лигнина пероксидом водорода в щелочной и кислой средах. Менее значительный уровень изменений состояния лигнина в щелочной среде обусловлен конденсацией образующихся низкомолекулярных продуктов.
МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ АВТОКОЛЕБАНИЙ В СИСТЕМЕ ЦИСТЕИН – ОКСИГЕНИРОВАННЫЕ КОМПЛЕКСЫ КОБАЛЬТА (II) С о-ДИСАЛИЦИЛИДЕНФЕНИЛЕНДИАМИНОМ И ЦИТОЗИНОМ
Authors: ЕТМИШЕВА СОФИЯ СЕЙПУЛЛАЕВНА , МАГОМЕДБЕКОВ УХУМААЛИ ГАДЖИЕВИЧ , ГАСАНГАДЖИЕВА УМУКУСУМ ГУСЕЙНОВНА , ГАСАНОВА ХАДИЖАТ МАГОМЕДОВНА
Published: November 2021

Приведены результаты по анализу математической модели кинетики возникновения химических осцилляций в гомогенной системе цистеин – оксигенированные комплексы кобальта (II) с о-дисалицили-денфенилендиамином и цитозином. На основе качественного анализа модели, представленного в виде системы из двух нелинейных дифференциальных уравнений, установлено, что реализуется одно стацио-нарное состояние типа «неустойчивый фокус». Из этой особой точки возможна бифуркация в предель-ный цикл (бифуркация типа Андронова-Хопфа), что указывает на реализацию автоколебательного ре-жима. Численное интегрирование модели показало, что она имеет решение в виде предельного цикла и процесс протекает в колебательном режиме при концентрациях цистеина и катализатора, соизмери-мых с их экспериментальными величинами.
СВОЙСТВА И ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ СТЕКЛОНАПОЛНЕННЫХ ПОЛИФЕНИЛЕНСУЛЬФИДОВ
Authors: САМОРЯДОВ АЛЕКСАНДР ВЛАДИМИРОВИЧ , ИВАНОВ ВИКТОР БОРИСОВИЧ , КАЛУГИНА ЕЛЕНА ВЛАДИМИРОВНА
Published: November 2021

Приведены термические, физико-механические, электро-, теплофизические свойства стеклонаполненных полифениленсульфидов и их устойчивость к внешним воздействующим и специальным факторам.
ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ДИСТАНЦИОННОГО МОНИТОРИНГА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ ПРИ ОПРЕДЕЛЕННЫХ ЭКСТРЕМАЛЬНЫХ СИТУАЦИЯХ
Authors: СУРОВЦЕВА ИРИНА ВЯЧЕСЛАВОВНА
Published: November 2021

В статье показана реализуемость технологий дистанционного мониторинга при экстремальных ситуациях, связанных с экологической обстановкой, диагностикой сейсмической опасности и радио- активным загрязнением окружающей среды. Обозначены критерии оценки и факторы экологического состояния акваторий Мирового океана. Представлены результаты объединения технологических воз- можностей расчета концентрации хлорофилла по данным гиперспектрального прибора Hyperion космического аппарата EO-1. Приведены результаты обработки данных бортовой аппаратуры космических аппаратов CHAMP и DEMETER для периодов сейсмической активности. Рассмотрена классификация факторов радиационной опасности. Обоснована перспектива разработки и внедрения эффективных методов дистанционного мониторинга и контроля радиоактивного загрязнения по диагностическим параметрам в окружающей среде.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ЭЛАСТОМЕРНЫХ НОСИТЕЛЕЙ ЗАПИСИ ДЛЯ ОТОБРАЖЕНИЯ ИНФОРМАЦИИ НА ОСНОВЕ МОЭМС-ТЕХНОЛОГИИ
Authors: МАНЯК АЛЕКСЕЙ ПАВЛОВИЧ
Published: November 2021

В данной работе рассмотрены перспективы разработки фазовых рельефографических модуляторов света на основе микрооптических электромеханических систем для отображения информации в проекционных системах. В основе модулятора за основу взят рельефографический эластомерный носитель записи. Рассмотрены принципы формирования записи на геле-носителе и его основные характеристики. Приведен пример реализации проекционной системы на базе разрабатываемого модулятора.
АНАЛИЗ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ ПОЛИМЕРНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ В ЭКСТРЕМАЛЬНЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ МЕТОДОМ ЦВЕТОМЕТРИИ
Authors: ИВАНОВ ВИКТОР БОРИСОВИЧ , СОЛИНА ЕЛЕНА ВИКТОРОВНА , САМОРЯДОВ АЛЕКСАНДР ВЛАДИМИРОВИЧ
Published: November 2021

Рассмотрены преимущества и недостатки метода количественной цветометрии для оценки устой-чивости полимерных и композиционных материалов на основе поливинилхлорида и полифениленсульфида при воздействии высоких температур и света. Проанализированы кинетические закономерности и особенности изменения цветового различия и цветовых характеристик при термо-, фото- и фототермической деструкции. Оценены энергии активации процессов. Показана перспективность кинетического подхода для оценки характеристик деструкции и прогнозирования устойчивости.
ПОЛУЧЕНИЕ ПОЛИСТИРОЛЬНЫХ МИКРОСФЕР, ЗАПОЛНЕННЫХ РОДАМИНОМ G
Authors: ЧИЧЕВА ПОЛИНА АНДРЕЕВНА , КУРБАНГАЛЕЕВ ВАГИЗ РАВИЛЕВИЧ , ЛЕВЧЕНКО КОНСТАНТИН СЕРГЕЕВИЧ , ШМЕЛИН ПАВЕЛ СЕРГЕЕВИЧ , ГРЕБЕННИКОВ ЕВГЕНИЙ ПЕТРОВИЧ
Published: November 2021

Полимерные микросферы находят широкое применение в научных исследованиях, медицине, биомеди-цинских анализах, фармацевтических препаратах, нанотехнологиях и электронике, благодаря возможности формирования на их поверхности функционального молекулярного слоя, который может содержать, например, антитела, антигены, пептиды или нуклеиновые кислоты, а также гидрофобные красители и другие соединения. Простые полистирольные микросферы широко используются в различных диагностических тестах и анализах. В данной работе были синтезированы полистирольные наносферы, заполненные флуоресцентным красителем родамином G. Полученные флуоресцентные микросферы были характеризуются средним размером около 50 нм по данным методов лазерной дифракции и атомно-силовой микроскопии и узким распределением частиц по размерам. Максимум флуоресценции наносфер при 555 нм соответствует флуоресценции родамина G.
ЖИДКОСТНОЕ РАВНОВЕСИЕ
Authors: МИЗЕРОВСКИЙ ЛЕВ НИКОЛАЕВИЧ
Published: November 2021

Показано, что химические потенциалы компонентов бинарных жидких смесей, образующих ветви бинодали жидкостного равновесия действительно численно равны, но имеют противоположные (+ и –) знаки и размерность Дж/моль, а условием этого равновесия является численное равенство температуре, при которой равновесие реализуется, отношений изменений энтальпии к изменениям энтропии сосуществующих пар бинарных смесей при их превращении из гетерогенных в гомогенные.
ВЛИЯНИЕ СОСТАВА ФТОРКАУЧУКОВ НА СВОЙСТВА ИХ ВУЛКАНИЗАТОВ
Authors: СИМОНОВ АЛЕКСАНДР СЕРГЕЕВИЧ , ТРИФОНОВА ИРИНА ПАВЛОВНА , РОДИЧЕВА ЮЛИЯ АЛЕКСАНДРОВНА , АЛЕКСАНДРИЙСКИЙ ВИКТОР ВЕНИАМИНОВИЧ , БУРМИСТРОВ ВЛАДИМИР АЛЕКСАНДРОВИЧ , КОЙФМАН ОСКАР ИОСИФОВИЧ
Published: November 2021

Квантово-химическим методом проведена оценка молекулярной поляризуемости и дипольных моментов фрагментов сополимерных фторкаучуков. Показано, что полярность фторкаучуков обеспечивается присутствием винилиденфторидных звеньев. Методом динамического механического анализа получены частотные и температурные зависимости модуля упругости Е’ и тангенса угла механических потерь tgδ фторкаучуков и вулканизатов на их основе. Установлены особенности влияния состава каучуков и вулканизации на механические и теплофизические характеристики эластомеров.  Получены значения  прочности при растяжении и удлинения при разрыве вулканизатов исследованных фторкаучуков, а также вязкости по Муни и остаточной деформации при сжатии. Установлено, что решающее влияние на эти параметры оказывают полярность каучука и параметры вулканизационной сетки.  Изучена кинетика набухания каучуков и резин на их основе в 1,2-дихлорэтане при 50оС. Проведена оценка степени ограничения сорбции растворителя при возникновении вулканизационной сетки, а также ее параметры. Установлено, что эластомеры по снижению их равновесной степени и скорости набухания в дихлорэтане располагаются в ряду: СКФ-26 >Элафтор 3061Р> Элафтор 7075> Элафтор 1000Р , симбатно уменьшению их полярности.
ПОТЕНЦИОМЕТРИЧЕСКОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ КОМПЛЕКСОВ ДИГЛИЦИНА С ИОНАМИ МЕДИ(II), НИКЕЛЯ(II) И КОБАЛЬТА(II) В ВОДНОМ РАСТВОРЕ
Authors: ГОРБОЛЕТОВА ГАЛИНА ГЕННАДЬЕВНА , БЫЧКОВА СВЕТЛАНА АЛЕКСАНДРОВНА , КРУТОВА ОЛЬГА НИКОЛАЕВНА , ФРОЛОВА КСЕНИЯ ОЛЕГОВНА
Published: November 2021

Методом потенциометрического титрования были изучены комплексообразующие свойства глицил-глицина с ионами меди(II), кобальта(II) и никеля(II) на фоне нитрата калия (I = 0,2) при температуре 298,15 К. Исследования проводили с помощью прибора «Мультитест» ИПЛ-311. Температуру потенциометрической ячейки, титранта и электрода поддерживали с точностью ±0,1 °С с помощью термостата LOIP. Были определены состав и устойчивость комплексов диглицина c ионами Cu(II), Co(II) и Ni(II) в широком интервале концентрационных соотношений: 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:5 (СM = 0,01 моль/л). Экспериментальные данные обрабатывали с помощью универсальной программы «PHMETR», предназначенной для расчета констант равновесия с произвольным числом реакций по измеренной равновесной концентрации  одной из частиц. Установлено существование частиц состава: ML+, MH-1L, MH-2L-, MHL2+, ML2, MH-1L2-, MH-2L22- для системы медь(II) - диглицин, частиц состава: ML+,  MH-1L, ML2, MH-2L22-, ML3-, MH-3L34-  для систем никель(II) - диглицин  и кобальт(II)  - диглицин. Для подтверждения состава комплексов, образующихся в системе М2+ - диглицин, использовали спектрофотометрический метод. Были сняты спектры поглощения растворов М(NO3)2 в присутствии диглицина при соотношении М : L = 1 : 5 и различных значениях рН.
КАЛОРИМЕТРИЧЕСКИЕ И СПЕКТРОСКОПИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ КРИСТАЛЛИЗАЦИИ МАТЕРИАЛОВ
Authors: Klemazov K.V. , Isaev E.I. , Stepanenko A.A. , Stepanov V.A.
Published: November 2021

Проведено сравнение результатов экспериментального определения температур кристаллизации фторцирконатного стекла методами ДСК и спектроскопии. Показано, что температура начала кристаллизации, определяемая по увеличению интенсивности рассеяния света, на 40 ° ниже температуры кристаллизации, видимой по ДСК. Обнаружено влияние лазерного излучения на температуры кристаллизации стекол.
О ПРЯМОМ ПРЕОБРАЗОВАНИИ ХИМИЧЕСКОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИХ КОНДЕНСИРОВАННЫХ СИСТЕМ В ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКУЮ В РЕЖИМЕ ГОРЕНИЯ
Authors: Prosyanyuk V.V. , Suvorov I.S. , Prudnikov N.V.
Published: November 2021

Резервные источники тока в виде батарей высокотемпературных гальванических элементов (ВГЭ), электроды которых выполнены из разнородных малогазовых энергетических конденсированных систем (ЭКС), широко применяют для задействования и питания приборов и устройств различного назначения в экстремальных условиях. Прямое преобразование химической энергии ЭКС в электрическую энергию в режиме горения является новым направлением высокотемпературной электрохимии. Результаты исследований безгазового горения тонких многослойных ВГЭ с легкоплавким инертным компонентом (электролитом) представляют теоретический и практический интерес для высокотемпературной электрохимии и получения слоевых композиционных материалов различного назначения методом самораспространяющегося высокотемпературного синтеза (СВС).
Federated learning enables intelligent reflecting surface in fog-cloud enabled cellular network
Authors: Lakhan Abdullah , Abed Mohammed Mazin , Kadry Seifedine , Hameed Abdulkareem Karrar , Taha AL-Dhief Fahad , Hsu Ching-Hsien
Published: November 2021

The intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is a ground-breaking technology that can boost the efficiency of wireless data transmission systems. Specifically, the wireless signal transmitting environment is reconfigured by adjusting a large number of small reflecting units simultaneously. Therefore, intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) has been suggested as a possible solution for improving several aspects of future wireless communication. However, individual nodes are empowered in IRS, but decisions and learning of data are still made by the centralized node in the IRS mechanism. Whereas, in previous works, the problem of energy-efficient and delayed awareness learning IRS-assisted communications has been largely overlooked. The federated learning aware Intelligent Reconfigurable Surface Task Scheduling schemes (FL-IRSTS) algorithm is proposed in this paper to achieve high-speed communication with energy and delay efficient offloading and scheduling. The training of models is divided into different nodes. Therefore, the trained model will decide the IRSTS configuration that best meets the goals in terms of communication rate. Multiple local models trained with the local healthcare fog-cloud network for each workload using federated learning (FL) to generate a global model. Then, each trained model shared its initial configuration with the global model for the next training round. Each application’s healthcare data is handled and processed locally during the training process. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm’s achievable rate output can effectively approach centralized machine learning (ML) while meeting the study’s energy and delay objectives.
Consequences of Agricultural Labour Scarcity on Cropping Pattern Dynamics in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Gayathri R. , Karunakaran K. R. , Vidhyavathi A. , Dheebakaran Ga.
Published: November 2021

Cropping Pattern is a complicated process that is influenced by a variety of socioeconomic, agro-climatic, and ecological factors. Even though India has the second-largest manpower in the world, all sectors of the economy have been affected by the scarcity of labour, the impact being felt more in the agricultural sector. The acute scarcity of agricultural labourers in the India has resulted in crop establishment delays, poor crop growth, no or late weeding, inappropriate fertilizer use, insufficient irrigation water, and other factors that have pushed Indian farmers to switching from farming to non-farm occupations. The present study was undertaken to analyze the dynamics of cropping patterns in the state, Tamil Nadu. Tiruchirappalli and Pudukkottai districts were selected purposively to represent the high and low crop diversity cropping system respectively. The study was based on both primary and secondary data for the period of 10 years from 2010-11 to 2019-20 to analyze the decadal change. Tabular Analysis, Compound Growth Rate and Markov chain analysis were used to analyze the data. The study results revealed that there are marginal changes in cropping pattern, increases towards the commercial crops such as sugarcane, tapioca, cotton and banana. The total fallow land share has increased continuously leaving a lesser area for cropping. The reported dynamics change the agricultural productivity and increased mechanization, which might be due to growth in the labour scarcity. The results showed that farmers were shifting from high labour intensive crops such as paddy, sugarcane, cotton to low labor-intensive crops such as groundnut, black gram over the years. Due to the higher requirement of laborers for cultivating crops, crop retention probability was lesser which means the crops have become less and less stable. It is therefore recommended that the district, state, and country's agricultural extension systems must be geared up to curbing the shifting farmers away from traditional farming practices and educate them on the use of available labor-saving equipment and technology.
A Review of the Influence of Effective Communication Skills and Emotional Intelligence of Leaders on Organisational Efficiency
Authors: Wangchuk Pema
Published: November 2021

In this rapidly changing global environment, the need for communication skills (CS) and emotional intelligence (EI) has become important to today's leaders, in addition to knowing other technical and conceptual skills. Although many universities and management institutions around the world have studied the impact of CS and EI on organizational performance, there are still numerous gaps in the research approach, results and conclusions. Most people are confused due to complex information that lacked impeccability in past studies. This study aims to identify the significance of CS and EI that influence leaders and organizational performance and examine how the contributions, evaluations, opinions and ideas of previous researchers have been related and biased. This is an independent article based on a literature review conducted using the electronics databases such as EBSCO, DOAJ, RESEARCH LIFE, EMBASE and Google Scholar. The variables explored in the present review include effective communication skills, leadership emotional intelligence and organizational performance which are also the guiding framework of the review. The present review shows that CS and EI may be combined rather than separated to develop the potential of a leader to achieve organizational efficiency and success. Both CS and EI are the prerequisites of an effective leader to manage others and build long-term relationships. The review recommends that leaders receive the appropriate training in public speaking, negotiation, emotional management, and organizational efficiency to improve their CS and EI.
English Language Teachers’ Beliefs and Practices Concerning Continuous Assessment in Omani Cycle 1 Schools
Authors: Said Al-Harrasi Khalsa Khalaf , Gabarre Serge , Mirza Chaharazed
Published: November 2021

Aims: In this study, the authors investigated English language teachers’ beliefs on continuous assessment, the relationship between their beliefs and continuous assessment practices, and factors influencing teachers’ continuous assessment practices in Cycle 1 schools in the South Batinah Governorate in the Sultanate of Oman.

Study Design: The authors used a mixed-methods approach employing an explanatory sequential design. In the first phase, a questionnaire investigating teachers’ beliefs and assessment practices was distributed to 154 teachers. In the second phase, interviews and artefact observation were conducted with three teachers. Principal components analysis was used to analyze questionnaire data, whereas interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results: The results indicate that teachers demonstrate positive beliefs towards the implementation of continuous assessment. They highlighted some aspects of the benefits of continuous assessment such as providing feedback to learners and parents and encouraging teachers to use a variety of methods, reflect on their assessment practices and adapt their techniques. However, discrepancies were found between teachers’ reported beliefs and their continuous assessment practices. These discrepancies resulted from large class size, lack of time, syllabus and timetable load, mixed learner abilities, lack of clarity of the assessment handbook, parents’ attitudes, and inadequate assessment training.

Conclusion: The study is significant because it helps clarify the relationship between teachers’ beliefs and their assessment practices. In addition, the study provides information for policymakers, assessment designers, and training program designers on the current implementation of continuous assessment in Cycle 1. The study significantly contributes to the existing literature since to the best of the authors’ knowledge it is the first study conducted in Oman investigating teachers’ beliefs on the practices of continuous assessment in Cycle 1 schools.
Perceptual and Behavioral Response to COVID-19 Pandemic among Sri Lankan Undergraduates
Authors: Bulathwatta Asanka , Dissanayake Gunendra , Gunawardena Tehani , Nirmani Uthpala , Perera Oshada , Rathnayake Ruvinika , Hettiarachchi Nalanga
Published: November 2021

COVID-19 has emerged as the most impactful pandemic after the Spanish flu. As communities adjust to a life with COVID-19 it has become essential to employ different behavioral mechanisms of prevention to curtail community transmission. Perceptual factors such as risk perception and locus of control play a role in the level of stress experienced and the likelihood of employing behavioral methods for the prevention of the spread of the virus. The present cross sectional study utilized four questionnaires measuring COVID-19 related risk perception, COVID-19 related stress, locus of control and adherence to safety measures. The sample consisted of 371 undergraduate students representing all academic years in the Faculty of Arts in the University of Peradeniya,Sri Lanka. A significant relationship was found between COVID-19 risk perception and COVID-19 stress. Increase in internal locus of control was reflective of lower levels of risk perception and COVID-19 related stress. However adherence to safety measures did not have a significant association with COVID-19 risk perception, COVID-19 related stress or their level of internal locus of control. COVID-19 risk perception was also predictive of COVID-19 stress while increasing internal locus of control and adherence to safety measures were not. This suggests perception of risk to be the key predictive factor for the psychological wellbeing of undergraduate students in this study during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Knowledge of Rural Secondary School Students on First Aid Following Educational Intervention
Authors: Uddin A. F. M. Salah , Zahan Syeda Israt , Zinnah Fatema Binte , Rahman Md. Motiur , Sultana Hafiza , Mosiul Alom Foisal Mohammad , Ahshan Md. Amimul
Published: November 2021

Introduction: School life is an important part of children’s lives, which has a direct impact on their physical and mental health. Knowledge of health promotion and prevention activities encourages initiating first aid activities in society.

Objective: To assess the level of knowledge of rural secondary school students following educational intervention on first aid.

Methodology: A quasi-experimental study was carried out among 320 secondary school students. Educational intervention on first aid was applied to compare the level of knowledge before and after the intervention. Data were collected by a self-administered structured questionnaire through randomly selected students.

Results: Findings showed that most of the respondents (84.2%) were between 12-15 years old and their mean age was 14.3 years. It was also found that the majority 159 (58.5%) of the respondents were male and the rest of them 113 (41.5%) were female. Regarding family type distribution, the majority 192 (70.6%) of the respondents lived in a nuclear family and 80 (29.4%) belong to joint family. In addition, 43 (15.8%) students' fathers were farmers, 74 (27.2%) were businessmen and 43 (15.8%) were day laborers. Regarding textbook knowledge on first aid 270 (99.3%) respondents knew the meaning of first aid, 232 (85.3%) students gave their opinion about cleaning the skin with Dettol or savlon in case of injury and 228 (83.8%) students answered that bleeding should be reduced by applying pressure with a clean cloth. The study found that 22 (8.1%) respondents had a good knowledge of first aid interventions before the intervention while after the intervention, a good level of knowledge was found amongst 189 (69.5%) students. The study revealed that the use of ice during injury management was not significantly (c2 =0.529, p˃ 0.05) associated with the level of first aid knowledge statistically before the intervention while after first aid intervention, there was a significant association (c2 =7.235, p˂ 0.05).

Conclusion: Educational intervention on first aid improves the level of knowledge among secondary school students. Necessary measures should be taken to encourage health promotion and prevention activities during practical life.
Exploration of Omani Cycle 1 English Teachers’ Continuous Assessment Practices and Perceptions
Authors: Ghafri Nawal Al , Gabarre Cécile , Mirza Chahrazed
Published: November 2021

Aim: This article presents the findings from a qualitative exploratory study conducted in Oman that sought to uncover the factors leading to the identified gap between the SAH CA assessment standards and current grades 1 and 2 teachers’ practices. The research investigated Omani grade 1 and 2 English teachers' practices and perceptions regarding the implementation of continuous assessment (CA) in teaching English as a foreign language.

Study Design: A constructivist grounded theory method investigation was conducted to examine the influence of teachers’ beliefs, previous experience and contextual factors on their CA classroom practices and to discover the relationship between teachers’ stated beliefs and their actual classroom practices leading to the gap between CA standards and their practices. Three instruments were used namely classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, and artifact analysis. Six teachers from Al Dhahirah were observed and three teachers out of the six were interviewed to seek an in-depth understanding of their beliefs. A three-stage coding process and the constant comparative method were used to analyze the data and triangulate beliefs and practices.

Results: Even though results demonstrated that teachers believed in the importance of CA and expressed positive beliefs towards CA, the analysis showed a gap between the teachers’ actual practices and their stated beliefs regarding CA implementation in their practices. Moreover, findings highlighted the influence of the teachers’ previous experience and impeding contextual factors on the teachers’ CA practices.

Recommendations: Therefore, it is recommended to involve teachers in consistent in-service training as well as CA discussion sessions to support CA practices directing the teachers’ attention to the bright side of the assessment, its advantages, and its importance in the teaching learning process. Providing teachers with assistant teachers may help to alleviate overcrowded classes and heavy timetables. In addition, reducing the number of textbooks in the syllabus would provide more time for assessment in daily teaching.
Strategies Used by Teachers in Readiness for Mainstreaming of Learners with Special Needs in Public Primary Schools in Masaba South Sub County. A Case Study of Kisii County, Kenya
Authors: M. Moruri Jeremiah , Rop Naftali K. , J. Choge Ruth
Published: November 2021

Mainstreaming is a concept and practice of educating learners with challenges in regular education settings. Mainstreaming advocates for education of all categories of learners without discriminating the specific group of individuals with disabilities. The study sought to assess strategies used by teachers in readiness for mainstreaming of learners with special needs in public primary schools in Masaba South Sub County, Kisii County, Kenya. The study was underpinned by the Social Model of Disability theory. Simple random sampling was used to select a sample of 234 teachers while purposive sampling was used to select the 25 headteachers from the schools which were used in the study. Questionnaires were employed for data collection. A pilot study was carried out in one of the schools within the study area. The study adopted survey research design to investigate the study variables. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were used in analyzing data. The findings of the study found out that teachers’ attitude, professional development and experience influence mainstreaming. The study also observed that for mainstreaming to be achieved, the curriculum needs to be structured, teachers should be trained in special needs education, and the school environment should meet the needs of learners with special needs. It is recommendable that the government and all education stakeholders should jointly enhance expansion of facilities in the already established schools. This will encourage all teachers, trained or not to be ready to handle all categories of learners in the mainstream settings in Masaba South Sub County.
Fertility Status of Some Selected Floodplain Soils and the Management Recommendations on the Maximun Yield of Tomato (Lycopersicum Esculentum) in Kebbi State, Nigeria
Authors: Augie M. A. , Audu M. , Adegbite M. A. , Abdulmalik S.
Published: November 2021

The study was under taken to assess the fertility status of the flood plain soils of some selected local government areas of Kebbi State and recommend management practices to be provided for the maximum yield of tomatoes in Kebbi State. Soil samples were analyzed for the various physical and chemical properties following the standard procedures. The study revealed that the soils were predominantly sandy loam in texture with the mean particles composition of 715.71 gkg-1, 87.42 kg-1 and 196.87 kg-1 for sand, silt and clay, respectively. The soils contained low organic carbon of 6.0 gkg-1 and high concentration of nitrogen (0.8 gkg-1) which might be due to frequent addition of nitrogenous fertilizers on the soil. The low available phosphorus of 0.64 mgkg-1 was observed which might be due to acidity level of the soils (pH 5.6). On the basis of exchangeable bases, the soils were discovered to be low in Ca (1.51cmolkg-1), but high in Mg content (1.78 cmolkg-1). The soils contained high Na value of 0.59cmolkg-1 an indication ofsodicity hazard. The K content of 0.64 cmolkg-1 was also high in the soils of the study area. Based on the obtained values of the above parameters, the soils could be considered as medium in fertility. Based on the concentration of EC (0.55 dsm-1) ESP (6.04%) and pH 5.6, the soils could be considered to be free from salinity and sodicity at least for now, but has
Yield Evaluation and Primary Energy Assessment of the Jatropha curcas Oil Extraction Process for Use as a Biofuel in Engines
Authors: Mejía Fredy Torres , Mejía Juan Alexander Torres , Galeano Henry Edgardo Maradiaga , Toro Claudia López
Published: November 2021

The aim of this work is to evaluate the performance of the extraction and mechanical filtering of Jatropha curcas oil and to evaluate the primary energy of the raw material resulting from the process, this is a qualitative-quantitative study of transversal order based on measurements and analysis of the process in situ: The following factors were evaluated as factors: weight of oil per seed processed, weight of pressed cake, and measurements in the filtering process, from which a balance of matter of the process used was constructed, and the energy valuation of the oil and pressed cake, energy was used as the response variable, measured in Tons of Oil Equivalent (TEP), Barrels of Oil Equivalent (BEP), and tons of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent (Ton CO2eq). The seed used is Creole, the one existing in the area, the extraction was carried out in a KEK-P0101 press, and a KEK-F0090 filter. The collected seeds were dried and then discarded, the average shell weight is 40% of the total weight of the dry seed, from the oil extraction process a yield of 18.6% was obtained using seed with 5.8% humidity, and from the oil filtering process, when it passed through the filter, no weight loss in kg was obtained; finally, the equivalent primary energy valuation of one ton of oil is 39076. 39 MJTon-1, which is equivalent to 0.94 TEP, 2.90 Ton CO2 eq, and 20.87 BEP; in the same way one ton of Jatropha cake represents 15969.30 MJ, equivalent to 0.38 TEP, 1.18 Ton CO2 eq, and 8. 53 BEP, and the total primary energy between one ton of oil and one ton of Jatropha cake after oil extraction together contain 55045.61 MJTon-1, equivalent to 1.32 TEP, 4.08 Ton CO2 eq, and 29.41 BEP.
Examining the Factors Affecting the Success of the Establishment of Village-Owned Enterprises
Authors: Solimun . , Yanti Indah , Kusumaningrumi Adi , Widodo Agus Wahyu
Published: November 2021

Aims: This study aims to analyze the influence of Village Government Policies, Village Financial Institutions, Resources, and Community Factors on the Success of the Establishment of Village-Owned Enterprises (VOE) with Village Government Support as moderating variables.

Study Design: SEM WarpPLS.

Place: Sumberputih Village, East Java, Indonesia.

Methodology: This research is quantitative research. The research instrument used a questionnaire. The research was conducted in Sumberputih Village, East Java, Indonesia. The sampling process used a simple random sampling technique and obtained 100 respondents. Data analysis using SEM WarpPLS.

Results: The results showed that the Village Government Policy, Village Financial Institutions, Resources, and Community Factors had a significant effect on the success of the establishment of VOE (Y). Meanwhile, Village Government Support cannot moderate the influence of the four variables on the success of VOE establishment.
Efficacy of Beneficial Microbes in Sustainable Management of Plant Parasitic Nematodes: A Review
Authors: Medison Rudoviko Galileya , Medison Milca Banda , Tan Litao , Sun Zhengxiang , Zhou Yi
Published: November 2021

The soil inhabits many microbes, including plant parasitic nematodes. Plant parasitic nematodes are reported to cause substantial damage to crops which results in yield and economic losses. Chemical control is the most widely used method to control plant parasitic nematodes. However, the consequences of synthetic chemicals are detrimental to human health, animals, and the environment and face so many strict regulatory measures. Synthetic chemicals are also not reliable with their inability to provide long-term protection. Many studies have shown that the use of beneficial fungi and bacteria has the potential to prevent and suppress plant parasitic nematodes while keeping the environment safe. Several experiments have demonstrated that bioproducts of microbial origin are cheap, safe, and provide long-lasting biocontrol effects against pathogens both in vitro and field conditions. Therefore, this review aims to discuss mechanisms that beneficial microbes and their products use to successfully suppress plant parasitic nematodes. The review also explains the importance of using commercial bionematicides in the sustainable management of plant parasitic nematodes. The existing challenges that are limiting the full application of beneficial microbes, and what needs to be done to fully utilize biocontrol agents in the management of plant parasitic nematodes have also been discussed. To the best of our knowledge, this review has come at the right time to give researchers and plant growers more options when several synthetic chemical nematicides are being banned by regulatory authorities due to their hazardous effects.