bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An analytical model of dynamic sliding friction during impact
Authors: Arakawa Kazuo
Published: January 2017

Dynamic sliding friction was studied based on the angular velocity of a golf ball during an oblique impact. This study used the analytical model proposed for the dynamic sliding friction on lubricated and non-lubricated inclines. The contact area A and sliding velocity u of the ball during impact were used to describe the dynamic friction force Fd = λAu, where λ is a parameter related to the wear of the contact area. A comparison with experimental results revealed that the model agreed well with the observed changes in the angular velocity during impact, and λAu is qualitatively equivalent to the empirical relationship, μN + μη′dA/dt, given by the product between the frictional coefficient μ and the contact force N, and the additional term related to factor η′ for the surface condition and the time derivative of A.
Comparison of the Pharmacological Profiles of Selective PDE4B and PDE4D Inhibitors in the Central Nervous System
Authors: Zhang Chong , Xu Ying , Zhang Han-Ting , Gurney Mark E. , O’Donnell James M.
Published: January 2017

Inhibition of cyclic AMP (cAMP)-specific phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) has been proposed as a potential treatment for a series of neuropsychological conditions such as depression, anxiety and memory loss. However, the specific involvement of each of the PDE4 subtypes (PDE4A, 4B and 4C) in different categories of behavior has yet to be elucidated. In the present study, we compared the possible pharmacological effects of PDE4B and PDE4D selective inhibitors, A-33 and D159687, in mediating neurological function in mice. Both compounds were equally potent in stimulating cAMP signaling in the mouse hippocampal cell line HT-22 leading to an increase in CREB phosphorylation. In contrast, A-33 and D159687 displayed distinct neuropharmacological effects in mouse behavioral tests. A-33 has an antidepressant-like profile as indicated by reduced immobility time in the forced swim and tail suspension tasks, as well as reduced latency to feed in the novelty suppressed feeding test. D159687, on the other hand, had a procognitive profile as it improved memory in the novel object recognition test but had no antidepressant or anxiolytic benefit. The present data suggests that inhibitors targeting specific subtypes of PDE4 may exhibit differential pharmacological effects and aid a more efficient pharmacotherapy towards neuropsychological conditions.
Network-Based Approach to Identify Potential Targets and Drugs that Promote Neuroprotection and Neurorepair in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Wang Yiwei , Liu Hailong , Lin Yongzhong , Liu Guangming , Chu Hongwei , Zhao Pengyao , Yang Xiaohan , Zheng Tiezheng , Fan Ming , Zhou Xuezhong , Meng Jun , Sun Changkai
Published: January 2017

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) accounts for more than 80% of the approximately 610,000 new stroke cases worldwide every year. Both ischemia and reperfusion can cause death, damage, and functional changes of affected nerve cells, and these alterations can result in high rates of disability and mortality. Therefore, therapies aimed at increasing neuroprotection and neurorepair would make significant contributions to AIS management. However, with regard to AIS therapies, there is currently a large gap between experimental achievements and practical clinical solutions (EC-GAP-AIS). Here, by integrating curated disease-gene associations and interactome network known to be related to AIS, we investigated the molecular network mechanisms of multi-module structures underlying AIS, which might be relevant to the time frame subtypes of AIS. In addition, the EC-GAP-AIS phenomenon was confirmed and elucidated by the shortest path lengths and the inconsistencies in the molecular functionalities and overlapping pathways between AIS-related genes and drug targets. Furthermore, we identified 23 potential targets (e.g. ADORA3, which is involved in the regulation of cellular reprogramming and the extracellular matrix) and 46 candidate drugs (e.g. felbamate, methylphenobarbital and memantine) that may have value for the treatment of AIS.
Overproduction of superoxide dismutase and catalase confers cassava resistance to Tetranychus cinnabarinus
Authors: Lu Fuping , Liang Xiao , Lu Hui , Li Qian , Chen Qing , Zhang Peng , Li kaimian , Liu Guanghua , Yan Wei , Song Jiming , Duan Chunfang , Zhang Linhui
Published: January 2017

To explore the role of protective enzymes in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) resistance to mites, transgenic cassava lines overproducing copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (MeCu/ZnSOD) and catalase (MeCAT1) were used to evaluate and molecularly confirm cassava resistance to Tetranychus cinnabarinus. Laboratory evaluation demonstrated that, compared with the control cultivar TMS60444 (wild type, WT), the survival, reproduction, development and activities of SOD and CAT in T. cinnabarinus feeding on transgenic cassava lines SC2, SC4, and SC11 significantly inhibited. Furthermore, the activities of SOD and CAT in transgenic cassava lines SC2, SC4, and SC11 damaged by T. cinnabarinus significantly increased. These findings were similar to the results in the mite-resistant cassava cultivars. Besides, field evaluation indicated that the transgenic cassava lines SC2, SC4, and SC11 were slightly damaged as the highly mite-resistant control C1115, while the highly mite-susceptible WT was severely damaged by T. cinnabarinus. Laboratory and field evaluation demonstrated that transgenic cassava lines were resistant to T. cinnabarinus, which directly confirmed that the increase in SOD and CAT activities was positively related to cassava resistance to T. cinnabarinus. These results will help in understanding the antioxidant defense responses in the cassava–mite interaction and molecular breeding of mite-resistant cassava for effective pest control.
Hardness of cubic solid solutions
Authors: Gao Faming
Published: January 2017

We demonstrate that a hardening rule exists in cubic solid solutions with various combinations of ionic, covalent and metallic bonding. It is revealed that the hardening stress ∆τFcg is determined by three factors: shear modulus G, the volume fraction of solute atoms fv, and the size misfit degree δb. A simple hardening correlation in KCl-KBr solid-solution is proposed as ∆τFcg = 0.27 G"Equation missing". It is applied to calculate the hardening behavior of the Ag-Au, KCl-KBr, InP-GaP, TiN-TiC, HfN-HfC, TiC-NbC and ZrC-NbC solid-solution systems. The composition dependence of hardness is elucidated quantitatively. The BN-BP solid-solution system is quantitatively predicted. We find a hardening plateau region around the x = 0.55–0.85 in BNxP1−x, where BNxP1−x solid solutions are far harder than cubic BN. Because the prediction is quantitative, it sets the stage for a broad range of applications.
Enhanced luminol chemiluminescence by Co–Fe LDH nanoplates and its application in H2O2 and glucose detection
Authors: Xie Jian Xin , Chen Wen Jing , Wu Xian Xue , Wu Yun Ying , Lin Hong
Published: January 2017

In this work, Co–Fe LDH nanoplates greatly enhanced the chemiluminescence of luminol–H2O2 system and their application to H2O2 and glucose detection in real samples.
Magnetic dispersive solid phase extraction based on polythiophene modified magnetic graphene oxide for mercury determination in seafood followed by flow-injection cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry
Authors: Seidi Shahram , Fotouhi Mina
Published: January 2017

Microwave assisted digestion combined with DSPE based on polythiophene modified magnetic graphene oxide for mercury determination in seafood followed by FI-CVAAS.
Tridentate tripodal sulfur ligand as a stable molecular surface anchor for the fabrication of oligonucleotide-gold based label-free biosensors
Authors: Yin Huancai , Deodhar Tejal J. , Chen Mingli , Lu Yihong , Hu Jun Jack , Xiong Daxi
Published: January 2017

The syntheses of a novel tripodal surface anchor, 2,4,9-trithiaadamantane, are reported.
Free-labelled fluorescent method for ATP detection assisted by T4 DNA ligase
Authors: Huang Hongyun , Fu Shui , Huang Yan , Tian Jianniao , Zhao Yanchun , Zhao Shulin
Published: January 2017

A facile, highly selective biosensor was used for ATP quantitative analysis.
Fast and accurate MAS–DNP simulations of large spin ensembles
Authors: Mentink-Vigier Frédéric , Vega Shimon , De Paëpe Gaël
Published: January 2017

A deeper understanding of parameters affecting Magic Angle Spinning Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (MAS–DNP), an emerging nuclear magnetic resonance hyperpolarization method, is crucial for the development of new polarizing agents and the successful implementation of the technique at higher magnetic fields (>10 T).
Insights into the catalytic cycle and activity of methanol-to-olefin conversion over low-silica AlPO-34 zeolites with controllable Brønsted acid density
Authors: Dai Weili , Cao Ge , Yang Liu , Wu Guangjun , Dyballa Michael , Hunger Michael , Guan Naijia , Li Landong
Published: January 2017

The catalytic cycle and activity of methanol-to-olefin conversion over low-silica AlPO-34 zeolites can be effectively altered by changing the Brønsted acid density.
Synthesis of bimetallic trifluoroacetates through a crystallochemical investigation of their monometallic counterparts: the case of (A, A′)(CF3COO)2·nH2O (A, A′ = Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Mn)
Authors: Dulani Dhanapala B. , Mannino Natalie A. , Mendoza Laura M. , Tauni Dissanayake K. , Martin Philip D. , Suescun Leopoldo , Rabuffetti Federico A.
Published: January 2017

Crystal-chemistry enables the rational design of multimetallic trifluoroacetates.
Three novel and various isopolymolybdate-based hybrids built from the carboxyl oxygen atoms of in situ ligands: substituent-tuned assembly, architectures and properties
Authors: Wang Xiu-Li , Zhang Rui , Wang Xiang , Lin Hong-Yan , Liu Guo-Cheng , Zhang Hui-Xiu
Published: January 2017

Three isopolyoxometalate-based hybrids assembled from in-situ generated ligands reveal that the N-donor groups of ligands may play key roles in the self-assembling process and various structures of the title compounds.
The crucial role of selenium for sulphur substitution in the structural transitions and thermoelectric properties of Cu5FeS4 bornite
Authors: Pavan Kumar V. , Barbier T. , Lemoine P. , Raveau B. , Nassif V. , Guilmeau E.
Published: January 2017

Bornite Cu5FeS4−xSex (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.6) compounds have been synthesized, using mechanical alloying, combined with spark plasma sintering (SPS).
Low temperature heat capacity, standard entropy, standard enthalpy and magnetic property: a new 1D CuII coordination polymer incorporating tetrazole-1-acetic acid and p-nitrobenzoic acid
Authors: Yang Qi , Ge Jing , Liu Xin , Shi Quan , Ke Hongshan , Wei Qing , Xie Gang , Chen Sanping , Gao Shengli
Published: January 2017

A new 1D CuII coordination polymer possesses antiferromagnetic exchange interactions, which was confirmed by the low-temperature heat capacity.
Emerging investigators series: highly effective adsorption of organic aromatic molecules from aqueous environments by electronically sorted single-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Rocha John-David R. , Rogers Reginald E. , Dichiara Anthony B. , Capasse Ryan C.
Published: January 2017

The use of electronically sorted (i.e. semiconducting or metallic) single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) for the removal of organic compounds from aqueous environments is investigated.
The in silico identification of human bile salt export pump (ABCB11) inhibitors associated with cholestatic drug-induced liver injury
Authors: Xi Lili , Yao Jia , Wei Yuhui , Wu Xin'an , Yao Xiaojun , Liu Huanxiang , Li Shuyan
Published: January 2017

The RF and pharmacophore models can be considered as integrated screening tools to indicate the potential risk of cholestatic DILI.
Synthesis and evaluation of small molecules bearing a benzyloxy substituent as novel and potent monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Authors: Lan Jin-Shuai , Zhang Tong , Liu Yun , Zhang Yong , Hou Jian-wei , Xie Sai-Sai , Yang Jing , Ding Yue , Cai Zhen-zhen
Published: January 2017

A new series of small molecules bearing a benzyloxy substituent have been designed, synthesized and evaluated for hMAO inhibitory activityin vitro.
A histone H1-binding-aptide-based apoptosis imaging probe for monitoring tumor responses to cancer therapy
Authors: Lee Yonghyun , Kim Sunghyun , Kim Daejin , Jon Sangyong
Published: January 2017

Here we report the feasibility of using a high-affinity histone H1-binding peptide as a potential molecular apoptosis imaging probe.
Atomic layer deposition for nanomaterial synthesis and functionalization in energy technology
Authors: Meng Xiangbo , Wang Xinwei , Geng Dongsheng , Ozgit-Akgun Cagla , Schneider Nathanaelle , Elam Jeffrey W.
Published: January 2017

This review article summarizes the recent progress of atomic layer deposition (ALD) in energy technologies including rechargeable secondary batteries, fuel cells, photovoltaics, and optoelectronics.
Synthesis of 3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane derivatives via palladium-catalyzed cyclopropanation of maleimides with N-tosylhydrazones: practical and facile access to CP-866,087
Authors: Chen Pengquan , Zhu Chuanle , Zhu Rui , Lin Zhiming , Wu Wanqing , Jiang Huanfeng
Published: January 2017

The cylcopropanation of maleimides and N-tosylhydrazones is developed, providing a practical route to the mu opioid receptor antagonist CP-866,087.
Lactols in an asymmetric aldol-desymmetrization sequence: access to tetrahydro-4H-furo[2,3-b]pyran-2-one and tetrahydro-4H-furo[2,3-b]furan-2-one derivatives
Authors: Li Ji-Yao , Yu Ke-Wei , Xie Chao-Chao , Liu Yan-Kai
Published: January 2017

An asymmetric aldol-desymmetrization sequence was developed to efficiently access important bicyclic oxygen-containing scaffolds with multiple chiral centers.
Nucleophilic ring-opening reactions of trans-2-aroyl-3-aryl-cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylates with hydrazines
Authors: Sathishkannan Gopal , Tamilarasan V. John , Srinivasan Kannupal
Published: January 2017

trans-2-Aroyl-3-aryl-cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylates gave dihydropyrazoles when treated with arylhydrazines in refluxing EtOH, whereas they afforded cyclopropane-fused pyridazinones upon treatment with hydrazines in refluxing AcOH.
Graphene encapsulated Fe3O4 nanorods assembled into a mesoporous hybrid composite used as a high-performance lithium-ion battery anode material
Authors: Huang Wei , Xiao Xinxin , Engelbrekt Christian , Zhang Minwei , Li Shuo , Ulstrup Jens , Ci Lijie , Feng Jinkui , Si Pengchao , Chi Qijin
Published: January 2017

A new nanostructured mesoporous composite comprised of 75% iron oxide nanorods and 25% reduced graphene oxide shows high electrochemical performances as a promising lithium-ion battery anode material.
The positive role of (NH4)3AlF6 coating on Li[Li0.2Ni0.2Mn0.6]O2 oxide as the cathode material for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Wu Feng , Xue Qing , Li Li , Zhang Xiaoxiao , Huang Yongxin , Fan Ersha , Chen Renjie
Published: January 2017

A Li-rich cathode material Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 coated with (NH4)3AlF6 and its enhanced electrochemical cycling performance.
Direct determination of graphene amount in electrochemical deposited Cu-based composite foil and its enhanced mechanical property
Authors: Song Gongsheng , Wang Zhongchi , Gong Youning , Yang Yanpeng , Fu Qiang , Pan Chunxu
Published: January 2017

The amount of graphene (Gr) in a composite plays a key role in enhancing the performance of the composite.
Chiral ionic liquid assisted synthesis of some metal oxides
Authors: Husanu Elena , Cappello Valentina , Pomelli Christian Silvio , David Jeremy , Gemmi Mauro , Chiappe Cinzia
Published: January 2017

A chiral ionic liquid with a natural alcohol based chain was used as a tailoring agent for the synthesis of simple and cost effective materials such as ZnO, CuO, CuO–ZnO with peculiar morphology.
Enhancement of the antimicrobial activity of cinnamon essential oil-loaded electrospun nanofilm by the incorporation of lysozyme
Authors: Feng Kun , Wen Peng , Yang Huan , Li Ning , Lou Wen Y. , Zong Min H. , Wu Hong
Published: January 2017

The antimicrobial activity of cinnamon essential oil-based electrospun nanofilm is enhanced by the combination of lysozyme.
Microwave roasting with size grading based on the influence of carbon on vanadium extraction from stone coal via microwave roasting-acid leaching
Authors: Yuan Yi-zhong , Zhang Yi-min , Liu Tao , Chen Tie-jun
Published: January 2017

Carbon in stone coal has a double-edged function in the microwave roasting-acid leaching of stone coal; it provides stone coal with good heating characteristics, but it hinders the oxidization of vanadium and causes the sintering phenomenon.
Fluorometric “Turn-On” glucose sensing through the in situ generation of silver nanoclusters
Authors: Chen Yang , Sun Yuanqing , Song Rongjun , Song Shanliang , Zhao Yue , Yang Xudong , Yu Cong , Lin Quan
Published: January 2017

A fluorometric “turn-on” glucose detection is performed based on the Fenton reaction which can trigger the generation of Ag nanoclusters.
A practical iodine-catalyzed oxidative conversion of aldehydes to nitriles
Authors: Fang Chaojie , Li Meichao , Hu Xinquan , Mo Weimin , Hu Baoxiang , Sun Nan , Jin Liqun , Shen Zhenlu
Published: January 2017

A simple and efficient method for the direct synthesis of nitriles from aldehydes using ammonium acetate as the nitrogen source, iodine as the catalyst, andtert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as the oxidant was developed.
Dual delivery of chloramphenicol and essential oil by poly-ε-caprolactone–Pluronic nanocapsules to treat MRSA-Candida co-infected chronic burn wounds
Authors: Kalita Sanjeeb , Kandimalla Raghuram , Devi Banasmita , Kalita Bhupalee , Kalita Kasturi , Deka Manab , Chandra Kataki Amal , Sharma Arup , Kotoky Jibon
Published: January 2017

A novel feasible nano capsular approach through co-encapsulation of chloramphenicol and lemon-grass essential oil to combat chronic burn wound infections.
Hindrance of photodimerization of coumarin derivative induced by pillar[5]arene-based molecular recognition in water
Authors: Yang Chunwen , Shi Haixiong , Li Shanshan , Li Qiao
Published: January 2017

An easy and simple method for the impediment of the photodimerization of coumarin derivative induced by pillar[5]arene-based molecular recognition was provided. Moreover, we successfully use this system in supra-amphiphile self-assembly in water.
High sensitivity, fast response and low operating voltage organic photodetectors by incorporating a water/alcohol soluble conjugated polymer anode buffer layer
Authors: Wang Tiening , Hu Yufeng , Deng Zhenbo , Wang Yue , Lv Longfeng , Zhu Lijie , Lou Zhidong , Hou Yanbing , Teng Feng
Published: January 2017

We demonstrate the high sensitivity, fast response and low operating voltage organic photodetectors by incorporating an anode buffer layer.
Theoretical and experimental study on the degradation mechanism of atrazine in Fenton oxidation treatment
Authors: Zhao Xue , Zhang Chenxi , Wang Shuguang , Song Chao , Li Xiang
Published: January 2017

Water can act as a catalyst to reduce the reaction barrier dramatically.
Encapsulation of an ionic liquid into the nanopores of a 3D covalent organic framework
Authors: Xin Yingxiang , Wang Chang , Wang Yu , Sun Jianjun , Gao Yanan
Published: January 2017

An ionic liquid [Emim][Tf2N] confined into the nanopores of three-dimensional COF-320 demonstrated an increased melting point.
Modification of benzoxazine with aryl-ether-ether-ketone diphenol: preparation and characterization
Authors: Xia Yiqing , Lin Yifeng , Ran Qichao , Zhu Rongqi , Gu Yi
Published: January 2017

A modified benzoxazine resin system with “high strength, high modulus and high toughness” was prepared by introducing an efficient modifier (m-DHPBP) with high catalytic activity and an aryl-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) structure.
Correction: Synthesis of Te-doped ZnO nanowires with promising field emission behavior
Authors: Jamali-Sheini Farid
Published: January 2017

Correction for ‘Synthesis of Te-doped ZnO nanowires with promising field emission behavior’ by Farid Jamali-Sheini, RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 115335–115344.
Mapping a protein recognition centre with chiral photoactive ligands. An integrated approach combining photophysics, reactivity, proteomics and molecular dynamics simulation studies
Authors: Limones-Herrero Daniel , Pérez-Ruiz Raúl , Lence Emilio , González-Bello Concepción , Miranda Miguel A. , Jiménez M. Consuelo
Published: January 2017

Photobinding of CPFMe to Phe68 reveals the structural details of the recognition centre of BAAG for this ligand.
Improving the activity of CoxP nanoparticles for the electrochemical hydrogen evolution by hydrogenation
Authors: Tian Lihong , Murowchick James , Chen Xiaobo
Published: January 2017

The activity of cobalt phosphide nanoparticles in the electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction is improved by hydrogenation, due to the reduced hydrogen adsorption resistance and the enhanced electrochemically active surface area, likely from the formation of crystalline/disordered structures.
Ultra-high capacity hydrogen storage in a Li decorated two-dimensional C2N layer
Authors: Hashmi Arqum , Farooq M. Umar , Khan Imran , Son Jicheol , Hong Jisang
Published: January 2017

Gravimetric density vs. adsorption energies of existing 2D materials and adsorbed H2 molecules as a function of pressure and temperature on Li doped C2N.
Highly conductive and flexible molybdenum oxide nanopaper for high volumetric supercapacitor electrode
Authors: Huang Liang , Yao Bin , Sun Jiyu , Gao Xiang , Wu Jiabin , Wan Jun , Li Tianqi , Hu Zhimi , Zhou Jun
Published: January 2017

Paper-like electrodes with high conductivity and flexibility hold great potential for assembling high-performance flexible electronic devices.
Mechanistic insights into the formation of porous carbons from gelatin
Authors: Danks A. E. , Hollamby M. J. , Hammouda B. , Fletcher D. C. , Johnston-Banks F. , Rogers S. E. , Schnepp Z.
Published: January 2017

Iron salts can change the structure and viscoelastic properties of the gelatin biopolymer and drive the formation of foams.
Bioactive mono-dispersed nanospheres with long-term antibacterial effects for endodontic sealing
Authors: Cheng Xiaogang , Qu Tiejun , Ma Chi , Xiang Doudou , Yu Qing , Liu Xiaohua
Published: January 2017

Development of quaternized mono-dispersed bioactive and biocompatible nanospheres as potential substrates for long-term antibacterial endodontic sealers.
Cationic pTyr/pSer imprinted polymers based on a bis-imidazolium host monomer: phosphopeptide recognition in aqueous buffers demonstrated by μ-liquid chromatography and monolithic columns
Authors: Wierzbicka Celina , Liu Mingquan , Bauer David , Irgum Knut , Sellergren Börje
Published: January 2017

Capillary monoliths featuring grafted molecularly imprinted polymer films incorporating on a bis-imidazolium host monomer, displayed a remarkable crossreactivity with phosphorylated peptides in buffered media.
A Lag in Speech Motor Coordination During Sentence Production Is Associated With Stuttering Persistence in Young Children
Authors: Usler Evan , Smith Anne , Weber Christine
Published: January 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to determine if indices of speech motor coordination during the production of sentences varying in sentence length and syntactic complexity were associated with stuttering persistence versus recovery in 5- to 7-year-old children.

Methods

We compared children with persistent stuttering (CWS-Per) with children who had recovered (CWS-Rec), and children who do not stutter (CWNS). A kinematic measure of articulatory coordination, lip aperture variability (LAVar), and overall movement duration were computed for perceptually fluent sentence productions varying in length and syntactic complexity.

Results

CWS-Per exhibited higher LAVar across sentence types compared to CWS-Rec and CWNS. For the participants who successfully completed the experimental paradigm, the demands of increasing sentence length and syntactic complexity did not appear to disproportionately affect the speech motor coordination of CWS-Per compared to their recovered and fluent peers. However, a subset of CWS-Per failed to produce the required number of accurate utterances.

Conclusions

These findings support our hypothesis that the speech motor coordination of school-age CWS-Per, on average, is less refined and less mature compared to CWS-Rec and CWNS. Childhood recovery from stuttering is characterized, in part, by overcoming an earlier occurring maturational lag in speech motor development.
Synthesizing Information From Language Samples and Standardized Tests in School-Age Bilingual Assessment
Authors: Ebert Kerry Danahy , Pham Giang
Published: January 2017

Purpose

Although language samples and standardized tests are regularly used in assessment, few studies provide clinical guidance on how to synthesize information from these testing tools. This study extends previous work on the relations between tests and language samples to a new population—school-age bilingual speakers with primary language impairment—and considers the clinical implications for bilingual assessment.

Method

Fifty-one bilingual children with primary language impairment completed narrative language samples and standardized language tests in English and Spanish. Children were separated into younger (ages 5;6 [years;months]–8;11) and older (ages 9;0–11;2) groups. Analysis included correlations with age and partial correlations between language sample measures and test scores in each language.

Results

Within the younger group, positive correlations with large effect sizes indicated convergence between test scores and microstructural language sample measures in both Spanish and English. There were minimal correlations in the older group for either language. Age related to English but not Spanish measures.

Conclusions

Tests and language samples complement each other in assessment. Wordless picture-book narratives may be more appropriate for ages 5–8 than for older children. We discuss clinical implications, including a case example of a bilingual child with primary language impairment, to illustrate how to synthesize information from these tools in assessment.
Sparse and low‐rank matrix decomposition based micro‐motion target indication in through‐the‐wall radar
Authors: Qiu Lei , Jin Tian , He Yuan , Lu Biying , Zhou Zhimin
Published: January 2017

Micro‐motion indication of human target is widely used in civil and military applications. In through‐the‐wall (TTW) scenarios, human echo is usually heavily blurred by clutter. This Letter proposes a sparse and low‐rank matrix decomposition based micro‐motion indication method to indicate human targets using UWB TTW radar. The slow‐time range matrix is decomposed into a low‐rank matrix corresponding to background echo, and a sparse matrix corresponding to micro‐motion echo. Both simulation and experimental results show the superiority of the proposed method.
KSbOSiO4 microcrystallites as a source of corrosion of blue-green lead-potassium glass beads of the 19th century
Authors: Yuryeva T. V. , Afanasyev I. B. , Morozova E. A. , Kadikova I. F. , Popov V. S. , Yuryev V. A.
Published: January 2017

Presently, deterioration of glass beads is a significant problem in conservation and restoration of beaded exhibits in museums. Glass corrosion affects nearly all kinds of beads but cloudy blue-green ones are more than others subjected to disastrous destruction. However, physical and chemical mechanisms of this phenomenon have not been understood thus far. This article presents results of a study of elemental and phase composition of glass of the blue-green beads of the 19th century obtained from exhibits kept in Russian museums. Using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray microanalysis, and X-ray powder analysis, we have detected and investigated Sb-rich microinclusions in the glass matrix of these beads and found them to be micro crystallites of KSbSiO5. These crystallites were not detected in other kinds of beads which are much less subjected to corrosion than the blue-green ones and deteriorate in a different way. We believe that individual precipitates of KSbSiO5 and especially their clusters play a major role in the blue-green bead deterioration giving rise to slow internal corrosion of the bead glass.
Electromagnetic sensors from algebraic corner vortex generation in polygonal plates
Authors: Chui S. T. , Wang Shubo , Chan C. T.
Published: January 2017

We study rigorously the response of a finite polygonal plate to an external electromagnetic field at finite frequencies with our recent approach generalizing the conformal mapping idea to finite frequency electromagnetics. We find that vortices of an algebraic nature are generated at the corners. A way to measure these local vortices via an induced static voltage is proposed.
Inclusion agglomeration in electrified molten metal: Thermodynamic consideration
Authors: Zhao Z. C. , Qin R. S.
Published: January 2017

The effect of electric current on inclusion agglomeration in molten metal has been investigated. It is found that the agglomeration is dependent on the electric current density, distance between inclusions and orientation of electric field. Electric current retards the agglomeration unless two inclusions are aligned along or closely to the current flow streamlines and the distance between inclusions is less than a critical value. The mechanism is also validated in the computation of cluster agglomeration. The numerical results provide a comprehensive indication for the current-induced inclusion removal and current-induced inclusion elongation. When the inclusions are in long-thin shape, the calculation predicts the current-induced microstructure alignment and current-induced microstructure refinement phenomena.

This paper is part of a themed issue on Materials in External Fields.
Comparison of soybean cultivars for enhancement of the polyamine contents in the fermented soybean natto using Bacillus subtilis (natto)
Authors: Kobayashi Kazuya , Horii Yuichiro , Watanabe Satoshi , Kubo Yuji , Koguchi Kumiko , Hoshi Yoshihiro , Matsumoto Ken-ichi , Soda Kuniyasu
Published: January 2017

Polyamines have beneficial properties to prevent aging-associated diseases. Raw soybean has relatively high polyamine contents; and the fermented soybean natto is a good source of polyamines. However, detailed information of diversity of polyamine content in raw soybean is lacking. The objectives of this study were to evaluate differences of polyamines among raw soybeans and select the high polyamine-containing cultivar for natto production. Polyamine contents were measured chromatographically in 16 samples of soybean, which showed high variation among soybeans as follows: 93–861 nmol/g putrescine, 1055–2306 nmol/g spermidine, and 177–578 nmol/g spermine. We then confirmed the high correlations of polyamine contents between raw soybean and natto (r = 0.96, 0.95, and 0.94 for putrescine, spermidine, and spermine, respectively). Furthermore, comparison of the polyamine contents among 9 Japanese cultivars showed that ‘Nakasen-nari’ has the highest polyamine contents, suggesting its suitability for enhancement of polyamine contents of natto.
Generalized representation stability and 𝐹𝐼_{𝑑}-modules
Authors: Ramos Eric
Published: January 2017

In this note we consider the complex representation theory of

F
I

d

\mathrm {FI}_d

, a natural generalization of the category

F
I

\mathrm {FI}

of finite sets and injections. We prove that finitely generated

F
I

d

\mathrm {FI}_d

-modules exhibit behaviors in the spirit of Church-Farb representation stability theory, generalizing a theorem of Church, Ellenberg, and Farb which connects finite generation of

F
I

\mathrm {FI}

-modules to representation stability.
Maximizers for the singular Trudinger-Moser inequalities in the subcritical cases
Authors: Lam Nguyen
Published: January 2017

The main purpose of this note is to study the existence of extremal functions for the singular Trudinger-Moser inequalities in the subcritical cases. More precisely, let

N
≥
2

N\geq 2

,

 
0
>
β
>
N
,
 
0
>
a
,
 
b

~0>\beta >N,~0>a,~b

and denote
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="StartLayout 1st Row 1st Column upper T upper M Subscript a comma b comma beta Baseline left-parenthesis alpha right-parenthesis 2nd Column a m p semicolon equals sup Underscript double-vertical-bar nabla u double-vertical-bar Subscript upper N Superscript a Baseline plus double-vertical-bar u double-vertical-bar Subscript upper N Superscript b Baseline less-than-or-equal-to 1 Endscripts integral Underscript double-struck upper R Superscript upper N Baseline Endscripts phi Subscript upper N Baseline left-parenthesis alpha left-parenthesis 1 minus StartFraction beta Over upper N EndFraction right-parenthesis StartAbsoluteValue u EndAbsoluteValue Superscript StartFraction upper N Over upper N minus 1 EndFraction Baseline right-parenthesis StartFraction d x Over StartAbsoluteValue x EndAbsoluteValue Superscript beta Baseline EndFraction comma 2nd Row 1st Column phi Subscript upper N Baseline left-parenthesis t right-parenthesis 2nd Column a m p semicolon equals e Superscript t Baseline minus sigma-summation Underscript j equals 0 Overscript upper N minus 2 Endscripts StartFraction t Superscript j Baseline Over j factorial EndFraction period EndLayout">

T

M

a
,
b
,
β

(
α
)

a
m
p
;
=

sup

‖
∇
u
‖

N

a

+

‖
u
‖

N

b

≤
1

∫

R

N

ϕ

N

(
α

(
1
−

β
N

)

|
u
|

N

N
−
1

)

d
x

|
x
|

β

,

ϕ

N

(
t
)

a
m
p
;
=

e

t

−

∑

j
=
0

N
−
2

t

j

j
!

.

\begin{align*} TM_{a,b,\beta }\left ( \alpha \right ) & =\sup _{\left \Vert \nabla u\right \Vert _{N}^{a}+\left \Vert u\right \Vert _{N}^{b}\leq 1}\int _{ \mathbb {R}^{N}}\phi _{N}\left ( \alpha \left ( 1-\frac {\beta }{N}\right ) \left \vert u\right \vert ^{\frac {N}{N-1}}\right ) \frac {dx}{\left \vert x\right \vert ^{\beta }},\\ \phi _{N}(t) & =e^{t}- {\displaystyle \sum \limits _{j=0}^{N-2}} \frac {t^{j}}{j!}. \end{align*}

Then we will prove in this article that

T

M

a
,
b
,
β

(
α
)

TM_{a,b,\beta }\left ( \alpha \right )

can be attained if (

α
>

α

N

=
N

ω

N
−
1

1

N
−
1

\alpha >\alpha _{N}=N\omega _{N-1}^{\frac {1}{N-1}}

) or (

α
=

α

N

;

\alpha =\alpha _{N};

b
>
N

b>N

).
An irreducibility criterion for power series
Authors: Rond Guillaume , Schober Bernd
Published: January 2017

We prove an irreducibility criterion for polynomials with power series coefficients generalizing previous results given by García Barroso and González-Pérez.
Non-elementary classes of representable posets
Authors: Egrot Rob
Published: January 2017

A poset is

(
ω
,
C
)

(\omega ,C)

-representable if it can be embedded into a field of sets in such a way that all existing joins and all existing finite meets are preserved. We show that the class of

(
ω
,
C
)

(\omega ,C)

-representable posets cannot be axiomatized in first order logic using the standard language of posets. We generalize this result to

(
α
,
β
)

(\alpha ,\beta )

-representable posets for certain values of

α
\alpha

and

β
\beta

.
On the fractional Lane-Emden equation
Authors: Dávila Juan , Dupaigne Louis , Wei Juncheng
Published: January 2017

We classify solutions of finite Morse index of the fractional Lane-Emden equation
\[

(
−
Δ

)

s

u
=
|
u

|

p
−
1

u

in 

R

n

.

(-\Delta )^{s} u = \vert u\vert ^{p-1} u\;\; \text {in $\mathbb {R}^n$.}

\]
Asymptotic syzygies of Stanley-Reisner rings of iterated subdivisions
Authors: Conca Aldo , Juhnke-Kubitzke Martina , Welker Volkmar
Published: January 2017

Inspired by recent results of Ein, Lazarsfeld, Erman and Zhou on the non-vanishing of Betti numbers of high Veronese subrings, we describe the behavior of the Betti numbers of Stanley-Reisner rings associated with iterated barycentric or edgewise subdivisions of a given simplicial complex. Our results show that for a simplicial complex

Δ
\Delta

of dimension

d
−
1

d-1

and for

1
≤
j
≤
d
−
1

1\leq j\leq d-1

the number of

0
0

’s in the

j

th

j^{\text {th}}

linear strand of the minimal free resolution of the

r

th

r^{\text {th}}

barycentric or edgewise subdivision is bounded above only in terms of

d
d

and

j
j

(and independently of

r
r

).
Spherical space forms revisited
Authors: Allcock Daniel
Published: January 2017

We give a simplified proof of J. A. Wolf’s classification of finite groups that can act freely and isometrically on a round sphere of some dimension. We slightly improve the classification by removing some nonobvious redundancy. The groups are the same as the Frobenius complements of finite group theory.
The quasispecies regime for the simple genetic algorithm with ranking selection
Authors: Cerf Raphaël
Published: January 2017

We study the simple genetic algorithm with a ranking selection mechanism (linear ranking or tournament). We denote by 

ℓ
\ell

the length of the chromosomes, by

m
m

the population size, by

p
C

p_C

the crossover probability and by

p
M

p_M

the mutation probability. We introduce a parameter 

σ
\sigma

, called the strength of the ranking selection, which measures the selection intensity of the fittest chromosome. We show that the dynamics of the genetic algorithm depends in a critical way on the parameter
\[

π

=

σ
(
1
−

p
C

)
(
1
−

p
M

)
ℓ

.

\pi \,=\,\sigma (1-p_C)(1-p_M)^\ell \,.

\]
If

π
>
1

\pi >1

, then the genetic algorithm operates in a disordered regime: an advantageous mutant disappears with probability larger than

1
−
1

/

m
β

1-1/m^\beta

, where

β
\beta

is a positive exponent. If

π
>
1

\pi >1

, then the genetic algorithm operates in a quasispecies regime: an advantageous mutant invades a positive fraction of the population with probability larger than a constant 

p
∗

p^*

(which does not depend on 

m
m

). We estimate next the probability of the occurrence of a catastrophe (the whole population falls below a fitness level which was previously reached by a positive fraction of the population). The asymptotic results suggest the following rules:

∙
\bullet

π
=
σ
(
1
−

p
C

)
(
1
−

p
M

)
ℓ

\pi =\sigma (1-p_C)(1-p_M)^\ell

should be slightly larger than 

1
1

;

∙
\bullet

p
M

p_M

should be of order

1

/

ℓ

1/\ell

;

∙
\bullet

m
m

should be larger than

ℓ
ln
⁡
ℓ

\ell \ln \ell

;

∙
\bullet

the running time should be at most of exponential order in

m
m

.

The first condition requires that

ℓ

p
M

+

p
C

>
ln
⁡
σ

\ell p_M +p_C> \ln \sigma

. These conclusions must be taken with great care: they come from an asymptotic regime, and it is a formidable task to understand the relevance of this regime for a real–world problem. At least, we hope that these conclusions provide interesting guidelines for the practical implementation of the simple genetic algorithm.
Levels of Angiopoietin-Like-2 Are Positively Associated With Aortic Stiffness and Mortality After Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Desjardins Marie-Pier , Thorin-Trescases Nathalie , Sidibé Aboubacar , Fortier Catherine , De Serres Sacha A. , Larivière Richard , Thorin Eric , Agharazii Mohsen
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUND

Angiopoietin-like-2 (ANGPTL2) is a secreted proinflammatory glycoprotein that promotes endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Circulating ANGPTL2 is increased in chronic kidney disease (CKD), where the risk of CVD is amplified. The objectives of the present study were to (i) examine whether kidney transplantation (KTx) reduces ANGPTL2 levels, (ii) identify the determinants of ANGPTL2 after KTx, (iii) study the association of ANGPTL2 with aortic stiffness, and (iv) assess the impact of ANGPTL2 on mortality after KTx.

METHODS

In 75 patients, serum ANGPTL2 levels were measured at baseline and 3 months after KTx. Aortic stiffness was determined by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, glomerular filtration rate was estimated by CKD-EPI formula, and serum cytokines and endothlin-1 levels were determined 3 months after KTx. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression after a median follow-up of 90 months.

RESULTS

After 3 months of KTx, ANGPTL2 levels decreased from 71 ng/ml (53–95) to 11 ng/ml (9–15) (P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, age, lower renal function, and endothelin-1 were independently associated with higher post-KTx ANGPTL2 levels. ANGPTL2 was positively associated with aortic stiffness after KTx, even when adjusted for mean blood pressure (standardized β = 0.314; P = 0.008). During follow-up, 13 deaths occurred. The group of patients with higher post-KTx ANGPTL2 levels had a hazard ratio for mortality of 3.9 (95% confidence interval: 1.07–14.4; P = 0.039).

CONCLUSION

KTx significantly reduced serum ANGPTL2 levels. The positive association between post-KTx ANGPTL2, aortic stiffness and mortality, suggests that ANGPTL2 may play a biological role in CKD-related CVD.
Visible spectra of (474640) 2004 VN112–2013 RF98 with OSIRIS at the 10.4 m GTC: evidence for binary dissociation near aphelion among the extreme trans-Neptunian objects
Authors: de León J. , de la Fuente Marcos C. , de la Fuente Marcos R.
Published: January 2017

The existence of significant anisotropies in the distributions of the directions of perihelia and orbital poles of the known extreme trans-Neptunian objects (ETNOs) has been used to claim that trans-Plutonian planets may exist. Among the known ETNOs, the pair (474640) 2004 VN112–2013 RF98 stands out. Their orbital poles and the directions of their perihelia and their velocities at perihelion/aphelion are separated by a few degrees, but orbital similarity does not necessarily imply common physical origin. In an attempt to unravel their physical nature, visible spectroscopy of both targets was obtained using the OSIRIS camera-spectrograph at the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC). From the spectral analysis, we find that 474640–2013 RF98 have similar spectral slopes (12 versus 15 per cent/0.1 μm), very different from Sedna's but compatible with those of (148209) 2000 CR105 and 2012 VP113. These five ETNOs belong to the group of seven linked to the Planet Nine hypothesis. A dynamical pathway consistent with these findings is dissociation of a binary asteroid during a close encounter with a planet and we confirm its plausibility using N-body simulations. We thus conclude that both the dynamical and spectroscopic properties of 474640–2013 RF98 favour a genetic link and their current orbits suggest that the pair was kicked by a perturber near aphelion.
Comparison of Patient Outcomes in 3725 Overlapping vs 3633 Nonoverlapping Neurosurgical Procedures Using a Single Institution's Clinical and Administrative Database
Authors: Zygourakis Corinna C. , Keefe Malla , Lee Janelle , Barba Julio , McDermott Michael W. , Mummaneni Praveen V. , Lawton Michael T.
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUND: Overlapping surgery is a common practice to improve surgical efficiency, but there are limited data on its safety.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the patient outcomes of overlapping vs nonoverlapping surgeries performed by multiple neurosurgeons.

METHODS: Retrospective review of 7358 neurosurgical procedures, 2012 to 2015, at an urban academic hospital. Collected variables: patient age, gender, insurance, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, severity of illness, mortality risk, admission type, transfer source, procedure type, surgery date, number of cosurgeons, presence of neurosurgery resident/fellow/another attending, and overlapping vs nonoverlapping surgery. Outcomes: procedure time, length of stay, estimated blood loss, discharge location, 30-day mortality, 30-day readmission, return to operating room, acute respiratory failure, and severe sepsis. Statistics: univariate, then multivariate mixed-effect models.

RESULTS: Overlapping surgery patients (n = 3725) were younger and had lower American Society of Anesthesiologists scores, severity of illness, and mortality risk (P < .0001) than nonoverlapping surgery patients (n = 3633). Overlapping surgeries had longer procedure times (214 vs 172 min; P < .0001), but shorter length of stay (7.3 vs 7.9 d; P = .010) and lower estimated blood loss (312 vs 363 mL’s; P = .003). Overlapping surgery patients were more likely to be discharged home (73.6% vs 66.2%; P < .0001), and had lower mortality rates (1.3% vs 2.5%; P = .0005) and acute respiratory failure (1.8% vs 2.6%; P = .021). In multivariate models, there was no significant difference between overlapping and nonoverlapping surgeries for any patient outcomes, except for procedure duration, which was longer in overlapping surgery (estimate = 23.03; P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS: When planned appropriately, overlapping surgery can be performed safely within the infrastructure at our academic institution.
The Lipopolysaccharide Lipid A Long-Chain Fatty Acid Is Important for Rhizobium leguminosarum Growth and Stress Adaptation in Free-Living and Nodule Environments
Authors: Bourassa Dianna V. , Kannenberg Elmar L. , Sherrier D. Janine , Buhr R. Jeffrey , Carlson Russell W.
Published: January 2017

Rhizobium bacteria live in soil and plant environments, are capable of inducing symbiotic nodules on legumes, invade these nodules, and develop into bacteroids that fix atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia. Rhizobial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is anchored in the bacterial outer membrane through a specialized lipid A containing a very long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA). VLCFA function for rhizobial growth in soil and plant environments is not well understood. Two genes, acpXL and lpxXL, encoding acyl carrier protein and acyltransferase, are among the six genes required for biosynthesis and transfer of VLCFA to lipid A. Rhizobium leguminosarum mutant strains acpXL, acpXL−/lpxXL−, and lpxXL− were examined for LPS structure, viability, and symbiosis. Mutations in acpXL and lpxXL abolished VLCFA attachment to lipid A. The acpXL mutant transferred a shorter acyl chain instead of VLCFA. Strains without lpxXL neither added VLCFA nor a shorter acyl chain. In all strains isolated from nodule bacteria, lipid A had longer acyl chains compared with laboratory-cultured bacteria, whereas mutant strains displayed altered membrane properties, modified cationic peptide sensitivity, and diminished levels of cyclic β-glucans. In pea nodules, mutant bacteroids were atypically formed and nitrogen fixation and senescence were affected. The role of VLCFA for rhizobial environmental fitness is discussed.
Caste-biased gene expression in a facultatively eusocial bee suggests a role for genetic accommodation in the evolution of eusociality
Authors: Jones Beryl M. , Kingwell Callum J. , Wcislo William T. , Robinson Gene E.
Published: January 2017

Developmental plasticity may accelerate the evolution of phenotypic novelty through genetic accommodation, but studies of genetic accommodation often lack knowledge of the ancestral state to place selected traits in an evolutionary context. A promising approach for assessing genetic accommodation involves using a comparative framework to ask whether ancestral plasticity is related to the evolution of a particular trait. Bees are an excellent group for such comparisons because caste-based societies (eusociality) have evolved multiple times independently and extant species exhibit different modes of eusociality. We measured brain and abdominal gene expression in a facultatively eusocial bee,
Megalopta genalis,
and assessed whether plasticity in this species is functionally linked to eusocial traits in other bee lineages. Caste-biased abdominal genes in
M. genalis
overlapped significantly with caste-biased genes in obligately eusocial bees
.
Moreover, caste-biased genes in
M. genalis
overlapped significantly with genes shown to be rapidly evolving in multiple studies of 10 bee species, particularly for genes in the glycolysis pathway and other genes involved in metabolism. These results provide support for the idea that eusociality can evolve via genetic accommodation, with plasticity in facultatively eusocial species like
M. genalis
providing a substrate for selection during the evolution of caste in obligately eusocial lineages.