bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lo que pasa de mano en mano. Las derechas extremas, las memorias y lxs jóvenes
Authors: Raggio Sandra María
Published: September 2024

El artículo es un ensayo que pretende reflexionar acerca de las formas de apropiación de las nuevas generaciones del pasado reciente en el contexto de fortalecimiento de las extremas derechas a nivel global. En particular, se detiene sobre la situación en Argentina, país en el que han desarrollado durante los 40 años de democracia ininterrumpida profusas políticas en torno al pasado dictatorial con el horizonte de garantizar el Nunca Más. Lo que se plantea es que la institucionalización de las políticas de memoria cristalizada en lineamientos curriculares y efemérides, han tenido limitaciones en la problematización del pasado reciente, con fuertes hiatos y silencios, que han sido leídas desde las derechas emergentes como “adoctrinamiento”. Como contraparte, se analiza la experiencia del Programa “Jóvenes y memoria” donde son las nuevas generaciones las que toman la palabra inscribiéndose en las disputas por la memoria.
Have AI-Enhanced Telemedicines in Indonesia Adopted the Principles of Personal Data Protection?
Authors: Raihan Kevin , Rosadi Sinta Dewi
Published: September 2024

Artificial   Intelligence   (AI)-enhanced   telemedicines   pertains to legal problems especially on the protection of personal data considering the its nature. However, there has not been any research specifically examining the protection of personal data in in Indonesia with the perspective of Law Number 27 of 2022 regarding Personal Data Protection (PDP Law), specifically regarding the analysis of personal data protection principles (PDP Principles). Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate and analyze the practice of telemedicines in Indonesia on the adoption of PDP Principles from the perspective of PDP Law. This research is legal research with statutory and comparative approach related to AI and personal data protection issues in the AI-enhanced telemedicines in Indonesia. The findings show that telemedicine applications is categorized as personal data controller (data controller). The obligation of telemedicine application as a data controller obligates them to comply with the personal PDP Principles as regulated in the PDP Law. Several telemedicines in Indonesia have not yet effectively adopted PDP Principles in their privacy policy. The article concludes that the telemedicines applications must update their privacy policy to comply with PDP Principles and the government of Indonesia should accelerate the enactment of implementing regulation for the PDP Law.
Use of chirp sub-bottom acoustics to assess integrity of water-control structures : Inner Harbor Navigation Canal Lock, New Orleans
Authors: Wadman Heidi , McNinch Jesse
Published: September 2024

The US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)-maintained lock on the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal serves as a critical navigation link between Lake Pontchartrain to the north and the Mississippi River to the south. Extensive slumping has been observed on the earthen embankment on each side of the lock, suggesting that internal pathways for water to escape through the lock’s concrete walls or joints are present. Unfortunately, traditional methods often used to identify cracks in the concrete (e.g., sidescan sonar) or water-filled voids under or behind the structure (e.g., ground-penetrating radar) did not identify any structural issues at this site. Prior to dewatering and repair, the USACE New Orleans District requested that the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center conduct a sub-bottom survey at the lock to identify water-filled voids and better prepare for potential repairs during dewatering. A unique sled was constructed that allowed a small vessel to tow the sub-bottom profiler at an angle to direct more acoustic energy into the structure. Low-frequency, chirp acoustic energy successfully penetrated the concrete walls and identified several water-filled voids on both sides of the lock. A later post-dewatering walkthrough indicated that the chirp imaged voids spatially adjacent to cracks, and cracks were not found in any other locations. Additional work is needed to further develop this methodology in other USACE structures.
WITHDRAWN: A recent perspective on the potential of grid-connected renewable energy systems including optimal design for the pharmaceutical industry of North Indian Himalayan, India
Authors: Gupta Ankush , Suhag Prof. Sathans
Published: September 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors as it was submitted and made public without the full consent of all the authors. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Investigating the Process of Preparing STEM-Based Activities and Their Impact on Science Teacher Candidates' STEM Awareness
Authors: Baş Şans , Büyükbayraktar Fatma Nur
Published: September 2024

The aim of the study was to investigate the processes involved in designing STEM-based activities and the level of STEM awareness of pre-service science teachers. The research was conducted using a mixed methods approach, where qualitative and quantitative methods are used together. The research sample consisted of 33 science teacher candidates. In this study three STEM-based activity modules were designed. The teacher candidates prepared their designs based on the sample situation given in the modules and answered the questions in the STEM modules. The answers given to the activity modules made up the qualitative data set of the research; the scales of awareness made up the quantitative data set. Qualitative data were analysed using a rubric. Quantitative data was analysed using SPSS Statistics 21. According to the results science teacher candidates need to develop steps for 'defining the problem', 'understanding the defined problem', 'determining the limitations of the product or system to be developed in accordance with the problem', 'developing possible solutions' and 'creating decision matrices'. It has been suggested that STEM activities with pre-service teacher candidates have a positive effect on their level of awareness. It was suggested that STEM workshops should be set up for the effective implementation of STEM activities by pre-service teachers.
Focal Mechanism and Stress Field of the Wushi 7.1 Earthquake Sequence on January 23, 2024
Authors: Li Jin , Deng Mingwen , Sun Zhaojie , Jiang Haikun
Published: September 2024

Based on observational data recorded by the digital seismic network in Xinjiang, the Cut and Paste (CAP) method was used to calculate the focal mechanism solutions and focal depths of the main shock of the Wushi MS 7.1 earthquake on January 23, 2024, and some aftershocks with MS > 3.6. By combining the focal mechanisms of historical earthquakes, the principal compressive stress (S1) in the Keping block and the Wushi aftershock area were analyzed. The changes in the focal mechanism consistency parameters of the Keping block before the Wushi MS7.1 earthquake over time were examined. The focal mechanism solution of the Wushi MS 7.1 earthquake for Nodal Plane I was: strike 251°/dip 50°/rake 68°; for Nodal Plane II: strike 103°/dip 45°/rake 114°, with a p-axis orientation of 343° and a focal depth of 18 km. Therefore, the MS 7.1 earthquake event was predominantly a thrust faulting with a minor left-lateral strike-slip component. Combined with the tectonic characteristics and the spatial distribution of aftershocks in the earthquake area, the seismogenic fault was determined to be the Maidan fault trending NE, with the NNW nearly horizontal compressive stress controlling the tectonic environment in the area. The Wushi MS7.1 aftershock sequence was divided into NE and SW segments. The focal mechanisms of the aftershocks in the NE segment were mostly similar to the main shock, indicating that their ruptures were largely controlled by the main shock. However, some earthquakes in the SW segment showed significant differences in rupture direction and type compared to the main shock. The stress direction in the NE segment was 176°. Meanwhile, in the SW segment of the aftershock area, it was 158°, differing by 18°, indicating a slight change in the stress orientation from SW to NE. Before the 2020 Jiashi MS 6.4 earthquake and the 2024 Wushi MS 7.1 earthquake, the misfit values of the focal mechanism consistency parameters of the Keping block showed low values, reflecting an increase in regional stress before the earthquakes.
Establishment of the Heart Cytoarchitecture: Histological, Immunohistochemical, and Ultrastructural study in Goat (Capra hircus)
Authors: Mustafa Fatma EL-Zahraa Ahmed , Soliman Soha A. , Abd-Elhafeez Hanan H.
Published: September 2024

Goat products carry economic importance, but academic publications don't give goats proper appreciation. The heart of goat used as a model for human cardiovascular diseases and artificial heart studies. We study the different important structural components present in the various layers of the goat heart: endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium. The endothelial lining of the endocardium exhibited strong immunoreactivity to NSE; caveolae of different sizes and short filopodia were observed pulging toward the lumen; and numerous Weibel Palade bodies The study clearly described the various ultrastructural components of cardiac muscle, including Z lines, A bands, I bands, H zones, M zones, peripherally abundant mitochondria, and sarcoplasmic reticulum. Purkinje fibers are peripherally arranged myofibrils and have a positive immunoreaction to NSE. Telocyte observed in the endocardium and myocardium in close relation to lymphocytes, mast cells, and cardiac myocytes. Telocyte showed a positive immunoreaction to NSE and contained vesicles and an abundantly rough endoplasmic reticulum. The interstitium showed a positive NSE immunoreaction. The fibroblast displayed NSE-positive reactivity. Epicardial mesothelium showed NSE-positive reactivity.
Revolutionizing Hepatobiliary Surgical Planning: A Randomized Comparative Analysis of Deep Learning-Enhanced 3D Printing Versus Traditional Digital Simulations
Authors:   linqian 李
Published: September 2024

Design: Our study was conducted in three phases to evaluate the efficacy of 3D-printed liver models in surgical planning, culminating in a randomized controlled trial that compared the outcomes of physical 3D models with digital simulations in hepatobiliary surgery.
Methods: Phase one involved developing and validating 35 3D-printed liver models, assessing their timeliness, cost, precision, and alignment with digital models. Phase two optimized the 3D reconstruction process using deep learning algorithms to compare AI-assisted automatic segmentation with manual methods, enhancing efficiency and accuracy. Phase three, a randomized controlled trial, divided 64 patients into two groups to receive surgical planning based on either physical 3D models or digital simulations, providing an unbiased comparison of surgical outcomes such as resection extent, operation duration, blood loss, and hospitalization. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06526754).
Results: Phase One quickly produced 3D-printed liver models that matched intraoperative findings, featuring high transparency and detailed vascular structures, within 3.52 hours and at approximately $152 each. Phase Two demonstrated that the AI group significantly reduced reconstruction time to an average of 303.50 minutes versus 557 minutes for the manual group. In Phase Three, patients planned with 3D models had significantly less intraoperative blood loss, highlighting the models' utility in enhancing surgical accuracy.
Conclusion: Integrating deep learning with rapid 3D printing significantly reduced the production time of precise liver models, enhancing surgical planning and execution. This innovation boosts surgical safety and efficiency and offers a scalable, cost-effective approach that could revolutionize hepatobiliary surgery within precision medicine.
Economic Performance Differentials of Coastal vs. Noncoastal Pond Aquaculture Farm in Bangladesh
Authors: Badiuzzaman Badiuzzaman , Rahman Md Takibur , Mandal MA Sattar , Nielsen Max , Khan Md Akhtaruzzaman
Published: September 2024

Due to the advantageous tidal movements and water exchange in coastal ponds, pangasius and tilapia farmers in Bangladesh benefit from higher water quality and nutrient levels, leading to higher quality fish at lower feed and water exchange costs. Therefore, the economic performance of coastal farms may be higher than for non-coastal farms. This study investigates the differences in technical efficiency and other economic performance indicators between coastal and non-coastal pond aquaculture farms. Data from 121 coastal and 479 non-coastal farms were analyzed using meta-frontier Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Propensity Score Matching (PSM). Results show coastal farms are more efficient than non-coastal ones due to their advantageous locations. Locating new aquaculture farms to coastal regions could increase average output with the same inputs, follow industry best practices, save costs, and achieve higher returns on investment, reaching break even at lower prices and quantities than non-coastal farms.
JEL Code: D24, Q12, Q22,& Q120
Quality evaluation of seven cocoa clones grown in Terai region of West Bengal, India
Authors: Deb Koyelika , Das Shrilekha , Medda P. S. , Sit A. K. , Apshara S. Elain
Published: September 2024

Seven cocoa clones released from ICAR-CPCRI Research Station, Vittal, India, were evaluated for their quality parameters after processing, when cultivated in Terairegion of West Bengal, India, one of the non-traditional areas for cocoa cultivation having favourable soil and climatic conditions. The seven cocoa clones included in this study were VTLCH 2, VTLC 19A, VTLC 61, VTLC 5, VTLC 8, VTLC 11 and VTLC 66. Experiments were conducted following Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 replications. All quality parameters studied varied significantly (p≤0.05) among the cocoa clones. pH of the dried cocoa nib was found to be in the range of 5.66 – 6.01. Fermentation of all the cocoa clones was completed in 7 days, as observed by cut test and fermentation index. The clone VTLC 61 had higher pH, lowest free fatty acid and titrable acetic acid content, highest carbohydrate content, whereas highest fat content was observed in VTLC 66. But both the clones VTLC 61 and VTLC 66 showed certain amount of germinated and slaty beans after 7 days of fermentation. The clone VTLC 5 had low free fatty acid and titrable acetic acid content, highest protein content, good fat and carbohydrate content, highest anthocyanin and polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity. Considering all the quality parameters, the clone VTLC 5 was found most suitable for cultivation and processing in the Terai region of West Bengal in India.
cDVAE: Multimodal Generative Conditional Diffusion Guided by Variational Autoencoder Latent Embedding for Virtual 6D Phase Space Diagnostics
Authors: Scheinker Alexander
Published: September 2024

Imaging the 6D phase space of a beam in a particle accelerator in a single shot is currently impossible. Single shot beam measurements only exist for certain 2D beam projections and these methods are destructive. A virtual diagnostic that can generate an accurate prediction of a beam’s 6D phase space would be incredibly useful for precisely controlling the beam. In this work, a generative conditional diffusion-based approach to creating a virtual diagnostic of all 15 unique 2D projections of a beam’s 6D phase space is developed. The diffusion process is guided by a combination of scalar parameters and images that are converted to low-dimensional latent vector representation by a variational autoencoder (VAE). We demonstrate that conditional diffusion guided by a VAE (cDVAE) can accurately reconstruct all 15 of the unique 2D projections of a charged particle beam’s 6D phase space for the HiRES compact accelerator.
RETRACTED: Improving Software Reliability Prediction with a Hybrid ANN-SARIMA Model Enhanced by Jaya Optimization
Authors: Rath Suneel Kumar , Sahu Madhusmita , Das Shom Prasad
Published: September 2024

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Phylogenomic analysis of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca strains from olive and almond trees in Argentina
Authors: Fernandez Franco Daniel , Arias-Giraldo Luis , Tolocka Patricia , Guzmán Fabiana , Olivares Concepcion , Roca Monica , Otero Maria Laura , Conci Luis Rogelio , Landa Blanca , Haelterman Raquel
Published: September 2024

Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) is a Gram-negative bacterium that significantly threatens agricultural crops worldwide. In Argentina, severe symptoms resembling those of olive quick decline syndrome (OQDS) in Italy have been observed in Xf-infected olive orchards, primarily affecting the 'Arauco' variety in La Rioja province. All Xf strains identified in Argentina, up to now, belong to the subspecies pauca (Xfp), with two sequence types (ST69 and ST78) identified so far. In this study, the complete circularized genomes of three Xf strains, isolated from olive (OLI17A, AM2-Angelina; from ST 69) and almond (ALM4; from ST78) infected trees in different regions in Argentina, were obtained using a hybrid assembly approach combining Oxford Nanopore Technologies and Illumina sequencing. Comparative genome analysis revealed collinearity between two strains (AM2-Angelina and OLI17A), while the ALM4 strain exhibited a large chromosome inversion in comparison to the AM2-Angelina and OLI17A genomes. The three genomes encoded numerous virulence genes involved in twitching motility and adhesion; although some strains lacked some anti-virulence factors such as prtA gene. Plasmids similar to those found in Xf strains isolated from citrus in South America and from olive trees in Europe were also identified. Comparative genomic analysis and phylogenetic reconstruction showed that the Xf Argentinean strains were genetically differentiated from those found in other countries. These strains formed a separated group within the Xfp strains sequenced so far. Nevertheless, they were closely related to strains from citrus previously reported in Argentina and Brazil. The availability of these genomes will provide valuable insights for future studies on comparative genomics, virulence mechanisms, and epidemiology of Xf outbreaks in Argentina and elsewhere.
Separating prediction and explanation: anapproach based on Explainable ArtificialIntelligence for analyzing network intrusions
Authors: Wan Xinhao , Xue Gang , Zhong Yiming , Wang Zhicheng
Published: September 2024

Intrusion detection maintains the normal activity of the network system by identifying abnormal connections, while intrusion analysis further identifies specific types of abnormality. The current intrusion detection systems (IDSs) have connected intrusion detection, intrusion analysis, and intrusion processing in series so that the system can address network intrusion behaviors of attackers promptly. Most IDSs are constructed with complex models to achieve high-precision intrusion detection and intrusion analysis tasks. The generation of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) helps to aid in understanding the decision logic of the prediction of IDS for unknown data. It also helps to establish a plausible criterion for further categorized predictions of the type of abnormal data. With this in mind, this paper proposes an XAI-based approach for analyzing network intrusion by the contribution of features of data to prediction results. The Shapely values are used to represent these contributions and are derived from SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). Specific classification criterion is extracted from these contributions for analyzing unknown types of abnormal data. We conducted experiments on seven publicly available intrusion detection datasets. The experimental results have shown that the approach can realize the effective analysis of abnormal data while ensuring high-accuracy detection of network intrusion data. At the same time, when compared to autoencode and decision tree (DT) which with both prediction and explanation, the proposed approach can get a better overall performance in intrusion detection and intrusion analysis tasks.
Is CD27 Ligand the Cause of the Increased Incidence of Epilepsy? A mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Binbin , Liang Chen , Guo Shiwen
Published: September 2024

Background
Epilepsy, a persistent neurological disorder, involves complex pathogenic processes where immunological factors may contribute. The role of CD27 ligand in epilepsy remains unknown. This investigation assesses whether CD27 ligand causally influence generalized and focal epilepsy using Mendelian randomization (MR).
Methods
We utilized GWAS summary data for CD27 ligand and for both types of epilepsy. Instrumental variables (IVs) were identified following the standard criteria of MR. The primary MR approach employed was the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, complemented by four additional MR techniques to ensure comprehensive analysis. Extensive sensitivity testing was undertaken to ensure the robustness of the results.
Results
Findings from the IVW method indicate that an increase by one standard deviation in the level of CD27 ligand elevates the risk of focal epilepsy by 16.6% (OR = 1.166, 95% CI: 1.004–1.354, P = 0.045) and generalized epilepsy by 18.6% (OR = 1.186, 95% CI: 1.063–1.323, P = 0.0023). Parallel results were observed with the four supplementary MR methods. Sensitivity analyses confirmed these findings to be consistent and not influenced by pleiotropy or other biases.
Conclusion
This MR analysis reveals a causal link between elevated levels of CD27 ligand and an increased risk of epilepsy, highlighting potential therapeutic targets for intervention. Further research is necessary to confirm these findings and to explore the underlying biological mechanisms.
Use of Modern Contraceptive Methods Among Women of Childbearing Age Who Use Health Services in Abidjan and Agboville (Côte d'Ivoire)
Authors: ESSIS Esme MARIE LAURE , Cissé Kadari , Kpebo Djoukou Olga Denise
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest maternal mortality rate, with over 542 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. This rate is estimated at 315 deaths per 100,000 live births in Côte d'Ivoire (EDS, 2021). Several factors, including low national contraceptive prevalence estimated at 13.9%, contribute to this situation. The aim of this study was to analyze the factors associated with the use of modern contraceptive methods (MCM) among women of childbearing age attending health services. Methodology: we conducted a cross-sectional study of 605 women of childbearing age in five health centers in Abidjan and Agboville from December 2018 to September 2019. MCM use was defined as "being on modern contraception in the survey period". Modified Poisson regression was applied to identify factors associated with MCM use using STATA version 15 software. Results A total of 605 women participated in our study, 45% of them aged 15–24 years. The prevalence of modern contraceptive use was 36%. Some 56% of clients had received family planning (FP) information at health centers. MCM use was associated with educational level (primary: adjusted Prevalence Ratio (aPR): 2.1 (95%CI: 1.15–3.82); secondary: (aPR): 2.40 (95%CI: 1.31–4.36); higher (aPR): 2.42 (95%CI: 1.33–4.41)), information received about FP [(aPR): 5.56 (95%CI: 2.78–11.10)] and peer pressure [(aPR): 1.39 (95%CI: 1.12–1.72)]. Conclusion FP programs should strengthen communication on FP, particularly through counseling sessions, and ensure that every opportunity for contact with health centers is seized to give women the right information on contraceptive methods. Measures should also be taken to increase girls' school enrolment and keep them in school.
Research on of the nonlinear resonance response of the high-speed spindle system supported by preloaded ball bearings
Authors: Fang Bin , Zhang Jin-hua , Wan Shao-ke , Yan Ke , Hong Jun
Published: September 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive study on the nonlinear resonance response of the high-speed spindle system supported by preloaded ball bearings. Firstly, the nonlinear stiffness characteristic of the ball bearing-rotor system is studied based on the analysis of the contact nonlinearity and geometric nonlinearity generated by supporting ball bearings. Secondly, a simplified rigid rotor system is built to discuss its nonlinear "soft-spring" and "hard-spring" stiffness effects across varying speeds and external loads. Thirdly, the nonlinear resonance response mechanism of the spindle system near its 1st -order equivalent linear resonance frequency is predicted, and the effect of "soft-spring" and "hard-spring" stiffness characteristics on its resonance response mechanism is detailed analyzed. Finally, a hybrid-supported experimental spindle system is built to verify the theoretical prediction results on the nonlinear resonance response of the preloaded ball bearing-rotor system. The results show that the resonance response curves of the rotor system exhibit the leftward "bending" characteristic corresponding to the "soft spring" stiffness effect under the low speed and light load ranges, while exhibit the rightward "bending" characteristic corresponding to the "hard spring" stiffness effect under the high speed and heavy load ranges.
Exploring the Impact of Sodium Acetate on Growth, Carotenoids, β-carotene, and Lipid Composition Profile in Rhodotorula mucilaginosa
Authors: Gedela Ravi , Dasu Veeranki Venkata , Pakshirajan Kannan
Published: September 2024

Lipids, carotenoids, and β-carotene are produced by Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. Further optimization experiments were carried out by analyzing the substrate utilization of yeast medium supplemented with different sources of carbon, nitrogen, phosphate, and sodium acetate. Additional screening was carried out in batch shake flasks to examine the effects of various nitrogen sources, phosphate concentrations, and sodium acetate. Notably, when sodium acetate was supplied as an additional carbon source in the medium, remarkable improvements in the production of key compounds were seen, such as the highest yield of cell dry weight (CDW) was 1.65 ± 0.94 gL⁻¹, with a lipid output of 66.53% (w/w), showing a substantial quantity of lipid accumulation in comparison to the biomass. The lipid concentration was 2.48 ± 1.03 gL⁻¹. Furthermore, 5.84 ± 0.05 µg g⁻¹ of β-carotene and 37.66 ± 2.13 µg g⁻¹ of carotenoids were produced. The following were observed in batch reactor fed with sodium acetate 5.02 ± 0.83 gL⁻¹ for cell dry weight (CDW); 3.30 ± 0.27 gL⁻¹ for lipid concentration; 65.73 ± 0.81% (w/w) for lipid content; 40.33 ± 1.84 µg g⁻¹ for carotenoid synthesis; and 17.63 ± 0.32 µg g⁻¹ for β-carotene production. Fed-batch bioreactor using sodium acetate, R. mucilaginosa produced significant levels of biomass, lipids, and carotenoids, including β-carotene 48.36 ± 1.14 µg g⁻¹ of carotenoids, 21.38 ± 1.14 µg g⁻¹ of β-carotene, a lipid concentration of 4.06 ± 0.17 gL⁻¹, and a lipid content of 68.58 ± 1.95%.
Hidden allies: Decoding the core endohyphal bacteriome of Aspergillus fumigatus
Authors: Piontkivska Daryna , Jorge João M.P. , Mil-Homens Dalila , Martins Tiago M. , Crespo Pedro , Carvalho Dinah , Melo-Cristino José , Sá-Leão Raquel , Goldman Gustavo H. , Pereira Cristina Silva
Published: September 2024

Background
Bacterial-fungal interactions that influence the behavior of one or both organisms are common in nature. Well-studied systems include endosymbiotic relationships that range from transient (facultative) to long-term (obligate) associations. Diverse endohyphal bacteria associate with fungal hosts, emphasizing the need to better comprehend the fungal bacteriome. We evaluated the hypothesis that the human fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus harbors an endohyphal community of bacteria that influence the host phenotype. We analyzed whether 39 A. fumigatus strains, mainly clinical isolates, show stable association with diverse endohyphal bacteria. All fungal strains analyzed were derived from single-conidium cultures that were subjected to antibiotic and heat treatments.
Results
The fungal bacteriome, inferred through analysis of bacterial diversity within the fungal strains (short- and long- read sequencing methods), revealed the presence of core endohyphal bacterial genera (≤ 19). Microscopic analysis further confirmed the presence of endobacteria within the hyphae of distinct fungal strains. The fungal strains exhibited high genetic diversity and phenotypic heterogeneity in terms of drug susceptibility and virulence (using Galleria mellonella as an infection model). No correlations were observed between genomic or functional traits and bacteriome diversity. However, the abundance of the Bryobacter genus exhibited a positive correlation with fungal virulence; and the presence of other bacteria genera was correlated with posaconazole susceptibility. Based on the genetic pool of the endobacteriome of A. fumigatus both the functional annotation of prokaryotic taxa and the metabolic space could be predicted showing functional roles in major categories, for example, nitrogen fixation and chemoheterotrophy.
Conclusions
These observations suggest intricated metabolic dependencies between fungal strains and their endohyphal bacteria partners. Our study emphasizes the existence of complex interactions between fungi and bacteria and the need to better understand the relationship between endohyphal bacteria and fungal virulence.
The Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Chitwan District, Nepal
Authors: Poudel Ajay , Subedi Sarita , Nepal Bijeta
Published: September 2024

Background: The increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae is a growing global health concern. This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobialsusceptibility patterns of these bacteria isolated at a tertiary care hospital in Nepal.
Methods: This study included 629 nonduplicate Enterobacteriaceaeisolates, collected from various clinical specimens at Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital, Nepal, between February and November 2020. The Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method was used to assess their AMR.
Results: Among the 629 Enterobacteriacaeisolates, E. coli was the most common (69.8%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (19.9%). E. colishowed the highest resistance to penicillins (95.0%), followed by macrolides (70.0%), folate pathway inhibitors (63.6%), cephalosporins (62.6%), fluoroquinolone (61.6%), β-lactamase inhibitors (53.8%), carbapenems (30.8%), and aminoglycosides (21.4%). K. pneumoniae also had the highest resistance to penicillins (88.9%), followed by nitrofurans (67.7%), cephalosporins (67.2%), β-lactamase inhibitors (53.3%), folate pathway inhibitors (45.8%), carbapenems (20.8%) and aminoglycosides (19.7%). Polymyxins were the most effective antibiotics against both pathogens. Multidrug resistance was observed in 73.6% of E. coli and 69.6% of K. pneumoniae.
Conclusion: This study underscores the high level of drug resistance in Nepal, highlighting the urgent need for better infection control.
LLMs for Closed-Library Multi-Document Query, Test Generation, and Evaluation
Authors: Randolph Maj Claire , Michaleas Adam , Ricke Darrell O.
Published: September 2024

Learning complex, detailed, and evolving knowledge is a challenge in multiple technical professions. Relevant source knowledge is contained within many large documents and information sources with frequent updates to these documents. Knowledge tests need to be generated on new material and existing tests revised, tracking knowledge base updates. Large Language Models (LLMs) provide a framework for artificial intelligence-assisted knowledge acquisition and continued learning. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) provides a framework to leverage available, trained LLMs combined with technical area-specific knowledge bases. Herein, two methods are introduced, which together enable effective implementation of LLM-RAG question-answering on large documents. Additionally, the AI tools for knowledge intensive tasks (AIKIT) solution is presented for working with numerous documents for training and continuing education. AIKIT is provided as a containerized open source solution that deploys on standalone, high performance, and cloud systems. AIKIT includes LLM, RAG, vector stores, relational database with a Ruby on Rails web interface.
PENGEMBANGAN BUKU SUPLEMEN KONSTRUKSI BANGUNAN TAHAN GEMPA PADA DASAR DESAIN PEMODELAN DAN INFORMASI BANGUNAN DI SMK/SMKI
Authors: Novyanti Yuwita , Rahmayanti Henita , Widiasanti Irika
Published: September 2024

Siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) umum serta Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Islam (SMKI) merupakan siswa yang harus sigap dalam situasi apapun termasuk ketika bencana terjadi. Salah satu bencana yang sering terjadi adalah gempa bumi. Siswa SMK/SMKI dengan program keahlian Desain Pemodelan dan Informasi Bangunan merupakan program keahlian yang lulusannya dapat melakukan pekerjaan sebagai juru gambar dalam pekerjaan perencanaan dan pelaksanaan bangunan. Hal ini ditunjang dengan pengetahuan yang harus dimiliki siswa SMK/SMKI tersebut terkait meminimalisir efek yang ditimbulkan bencana gempa bumi terhadap rumah tinggal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan buku suplemen struktur bangunan tahan gempa yang bisa diterapkan pada mata pelajaran Dasar-dasar Desain Pemodelan dan Informasi Bangunan. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode Penelitian dan Pengembangan atau Research and Development (R & D) dengan model ADDIE yang dibatasi sampai tahap development yang berisi validasi produk oleh para ahli. Validasi yang dilakukan meliputi validasi Media, Materi dan Bahasa yang keseluruhannya dihitung menggunakan formula Aiken’s V. Hasil validasi ahli media diperoleh 0.87 yang berarti validitas sangat tinggi,  ahli materi sejumlah 0.83 termasuk dalam kategori sangat tinggi dan ahli bahasa diperoleh 0.83 yang termasuk dalam kategori validitas sangat tinggi. Berdasarkan uraian hasil analisis tersebut, diperoleh nilai rata-rata total 0.84. Nilai termasuk termasuk kedalam kategori ‘’valid’’ (0.67 ≤ V ≤ 1). Artinya, ketiga ahli memberikan penilaian yang cenderung konsisten dan sesuai dengan indikator penilaian.
IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF MATA PELAJARAN PAI DALAM MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN SISWA
Authors: Fatkhulloh Moch. , Mardiyah Mardiyah
Published: September 2024

Pembelajaran interaktif adalah salah satu pendekatan pembelajaran yang dapat digunakan oleh guru saat mengajar. Guru memainkan peran penting dalam menciptakan suasana pendidikan yang interaktif, di mana siswa dapat berkomunikasi satu sama lain, dengan guru, dan dengan sumber belajar mereka. Pembelajaran interaktif dirancang sedemikian rupa sehingga fokus pembelajaran terpusat pada siswa sehingga mereka dapat belajar dengan lebih baik dan lebih memahami apa yang mereka pelajari. Penelitian lapangan ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dan menggunakan teknik triangulasi untuk menguji validitas data. Hasil penelitian penulis adalah jawaban atas rumusan masalah Pertama: Implementasi Pembelajaran PAI interaktif memerlukan kegiatan Pendahuluan, Pelaksanaan, dan Penutup. Kedua, pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang translasi, interpretasi, dan ekstrapolasi diperoleh melalui model pembelajaran interaktif PAI. Ketiga, peneliti menemukan bahwa faktor-faktor yang mendukung dan menghambat penggunaan pembelajaran interaktif PAI untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa di SDN Kertajaya Surabaya adalah sebagai berikut: a. Faktor-faktor yang mendukung termasuk pimpinan sekolah, guru, siswa, dan tokoh masyarakat; b. Faktor-faktor yang menghambat termasuk diri sendiri, lingkungan, dan perbedaan latar belakang siswa.
Promoting youth employment in wartime conditions
Authors: Chub Oksana
Published: September 2024

The article examines the problems faced by young people seeking employment in Ukraine during the war. It is noted that young people are one of the most vulnerable categories in the labor market, and difficulties in finding work arise due to lack of experience, professional maladjustment, lack of quality jobs, and a discrepancy between the needs of young people and employers' offers. The aim of the study is to examine the practical aspects of promoting youth employment under martial law. The study substantiates the need for cooperation between key employment institutions and the support of stakeholders to improve the quality of education, employment, and socialization of young people. Attention is drawn to the destructive impact of military conflicts on the psycho-emotional state of young people, which requires further analysis and development of mental health programs.
Stereoscopic Acuity in Children with Different Degrees of Visual Impairment
Authors:   Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation, University of Tuzla Bosnia and Herzegovina, Tulumovic Sevala , Husic-Djuzic Izeta ,   Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation, University of Tuzla Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published: September 2024

The aim of the research was to examine the state of stereoscopic visual acuity in children with different degrees of visual impairment. The study included 240 respondents, ranging in age from 3 to 18 years old. All respondents were examined in at the orthoptic-pleoptic department of the Clinic for Eye Diseases at the University Clinical Center in Tuzla. The respondents were divided into three age groups, from 3 to 6 years old, from 7 to 14 years old and third group from 15 to 18 years old. Groups were equal in terms of number of respondents, age and gender. For data processing, SPSS 17.0 for Windows was used, applying descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney test, p-value and χ2 test. After data analysis, considering results of the research, it can be concluded that, for the degree of visual impairment variable, there is statistical significance across all age groups. The research emphasizes the importance of timely educational and rehabilitative treatment in the rehabilitation process of children with stereovision dysfunction at various degrees of visual impairment.
Exploring Code Switching and its Educational Implications Among Lower Primary Bilingual Students
Authors:   Ph.D. student at the Department of Languages and Cultures, New Bulgarian University, Montevideo Str. Sofia, Bulgaria, Jusuf Senad , Jusuf Jasmin ,   Assistant Professor at Faculty of Education and Faculty of Philology, University “Ukshin Hoti” Prizren
Published: September 2024

This research investigates language practices, including code-switching and code-mixing, among lower primary bilingual students, age 8-11, in an Albanian language instruction school. The primary aim is to explore the dynamics of language use, perceptions, and behaviors among students and teachers. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the study incorporates student and teacher questionnaires, as well as observational data. Findings reveal the prevalence of Bosnian in home environments, with students exhibiting a preference for Albanian in classroom settings. Teachers recognize code switching as a pedagogical tool but express concerns about students' overreliance on Bosnian. Observational data illuminate nuanced language choices and patterns of code switching among students, highlighting the complexity of bilingual communication in educational contexts.
Improving the Moral Attitudes of Primary School Students Through Social Activities in the Community
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Archi Maulyda Mohammad , Tri Wardati Khusniyah Muthmainnah ,   Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Anggraini Hetty ,   Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Mei Agustina ,   Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Published: September 2024

The aim of implementing this program is to improve the moral attitudes of students in elementary schools. This program is based on social activities in the community. This Design Base Research (DBR) research focuses on developing educational interventions to improve the objectives of the intervention provided. Participants in this research were 42 students, 2 teachers, and parents of students who took part in the program. The forms of intervention carried out are, (1) Volunteer Club; (2) Moral Mentorship; and (3) Entrepreneurship Program. The research instruments to measure the intervention are student perception questionnaires, parental involvement questionnaires, and questions about moral issues which have been tested for validity and reliability. The results of this research are that students experience positive changes in moral attitudes at school and at home. In addition, it was found that there was no difference in moral attitudes for both male and female students.
Teachers attitudes towards student assessment during group work in primary education-Qualitative study
Authors:   Public University “Kadri Zeka”, Faculty of Education, Gjilan, Kosovo, Avdiu-Kryeziu Shqipe , Avdyli Merxhan ,   Public University “Kadri Zeka”, Faculty of Education, Gjilan, Kosovo
Published: September 2024

The main purpose of this research is to obtain the attitudes of teachers regarding the assessments of students during group work in primary education, while collecting data throught qualitative study, with a focus on current findings, shortcomings and difficulties, the benefits of carrying out the assessment during group work and effectiveness in achieving results. The instrument that we used to collect the data is semi-structured interview, connected with 15 primary education teachers. From the reviewed literature as well the qualitative study, we have taken the attitudes of teachers regarding the evaluation of students during group work while we have analyzed and presented as topics on the tables. As a conclusion we found that teachers attitudes and the reviewed literature are close to the purpose of this research, the benefits that students have during the assessment when they work in groups. The research is important because it helps teachers, educational researchers, parents and school leaders, who can benefit from this research.
CONVERSION RATE CONTROL OF TiCl4 HYDROLYSIS TO PREPARE NANO TiO2
Authors: Le Qianjun , Yu Shengfei , Luo Wusheng
Published: September 2024

In the water/triethanolamine/ethanol system, TiCl4 aqueous solution is used as the precursor to regulate the conversion rate of TiCl4 by changing the reaction temperature, water volume, pH value, and ethanol amount. The experiment uses a single-factor method to investigate the dynamic relationship between Ti4+ concentration and time under various factors, thereby achieving controllable TiO2 production. The experimental results showed that under a single factor, the conversion rate showed a trend of first steep and then slow growth within 180 min. After 180 min, the conversion rate tended to stabilize. Considering various factors, it was found that VTiCl4 :VC6H15NO3:VH2O:VC2H5OH = 1:6:15:30, pH = 7, reaction time at room temperature was 4 h, and the hydrolysis effect was good. The final conversion rate was 90.46%, and the hydrolysis reaction conforms to the first-order reaction equation. Kinetic parameters: prefactor (A) = 0.107, activation energy (Ea) = 4488.65 J mol-1.
Producing High Added Value Chemicals by Analytical Pyrolysis of Cassava Peal over Beta Zeolite-Supported Nickel
Authors: M. Mayer Francieli , S. de Oliveira Ana Paula , L. de Oliveira Júnior Daliomar , S. dos Santos Ariele , H. Tanabe Eduardo , A. Zini Claudia , Rangel Maria do Carmo
Published: September 2024

Brazil has abundant agro-industrial residues, such as cassava peel, opening the opportunity to produce high-added value chemicals by catalytic fast pyrolysis, in which the desirable products can be tailored. Aiming to provide an application of cassava peel residues, as well as to produce high-value BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes), beta zeolite-supported nickel (3 and 5 wt.%) catalysts were evaluated in fast pyrolysis. Without any catalyst, large amounts of high-value oxygenated compounds (ketones, carboxylic acid and phenolics) were produced while no BTEX was formed. This was related to the higher amount of cellulose and hemicellulose, as compared to lignin in cassava peel. However, over beta zeolite, these oxygenated compounds go on oligomerization, decarboxylation and decarbonylation producing aromatics (BTEX and polyaromatics), indicating a new reaction route provided by the catalyst. The amount of BTEX and other aromatics increased even more over zeolite-supported nickel, suppressing polyaromatics formation. This is related to the increased strength and amount of acidity of Lewis sites. The most selective catalyst (3% Ni) produces 67% of BTEX and no polyaromatics. Cassava peel and beta zeolite-supported nickel thus proved to be a promising combination to produce BTEX generating a new application of cassava peel residues.
Avances y retos de los acuerdos de cero deforestación en Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Patiño Muñoz Elizabeth , Zárate Yépes Carlos Alberto
Published: September 2024

Los acuerdos cero deforestación son una iniciativa que responden a diferentes convenios y programas internacionales, consiste en un acuerdo entre partes, donde no existen sanciones sino la mera voluntad de aunar esfuerzos para mejorar las condiciones ambientales que se dan en torno a los sistemas productivos.
En Colombia, se han creado varios acuerdos con grandes sectores productivos con el propósito de cumplir con los lineamientos de desarrollo sostenible y mejorar los sistemas de producción en el país.
En el departamento de Antioquia, se ha generado diferentes esfuerzos con productores de los sectores ganadero y panelero para mejorar la cero deforestación en el desarrollo de actividades propias; sin embargo, existen diferentes retos que aún se deben superar para incentivar a los diferentes actores a participar de la suscripción de los acuerdos cero deforestación.
Benedict Hesse of Cracow’s Question about the Resurrection from the Commentary to Matthew’s Gospel
Authors: Baran Wojciech
Published: September 2024

The article deals with Benedict Hesse of Cracow’s (ca. 1389–1456) question about the resurrection, from the ms Kraków, BJ, 1369, ff. 24r–26r. The article demonstrates that the question comes from the Commentary on Matthew’s Gospel by Hesse and is also preserved in two other manuscripts: ms Kraków, BJ, 1366, pp. 516–521, and ms Città del Vaticano, BAV, Vat.Lat.14646, ff. 161va–163va. On this basis, it is possible to determine the dating of the question’s composition to the years 1446–March 7, 1448. The article also analyses the doctrinal content of the question. Hesse considers the details related to the resurrection in a numerically identical body. The medieval theologian points out the metaphysical possibility of resurrection, its time and place, as well as the material structure of the risen body. A critical edition of the text crowns the article.
Biuletyn biblistyczny
Authors: Strzałkowska Barbara
Published: September 2024

Tekst stanowi opracowany wykaz artykułów zawartych w księgach pamiątkowych z serii Ad Multos Annos. Seria wydawana jest od 1998 roku, pod red. ks prof. Waldemara Chrostowskiego. To w sumie 22 tomy Ksiąg Pamiątkowych dla wybitnych postaci polskiej biblistyki. Na tomy składa się ponad 660 artykułów, których wykaz często nigdzie się nie pojawia (bibliografie ogólne podają najczęściej jedynie tytuł całej księgi). Artykuły, które składają się na tę serię tworzą prawdziwie ciekawy obraz polskich badań biblijnych, teologicznych i z rozmaitych dziedzin na przestrzeni ostatnich ponad 25 lat.