bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Delta Scan: Reconstruction and Protocol Design for Ultra-fast Longitudinal MRI
Authors: Wang Guanhua , Francavilla Alessandro , Ma Sen , Kaditz Jeffrey , Witzel Thomas
Published: August 2023

Delta Scan proposes a joint design of scan protocols and image reconstruction to accelerate longitudinal MRI, using image priors from previous exams. The method models the static and dynamic structural information as two adaptive dictionaries, and optimizes sampling patterns using fully-sampled or mildly undersampled historical scans, via a stochastic optimization approach. Extensive experiments show that the proposed method led to improved reconstruction quality under a high acceleration factor, with reduced resolution loss than conventional compressed sensing-based methods. In comparison with previous reference-based reconstruction methods, the proposed method is less overfitted to past exams, truthfully reflecting the anatomical changes between exams.
Undersampling artifact reduction for free-breathing 3D stack-of-radial MRI based on a deep adversarial learning network
Authors: Gao Chang , Ghodrati Vahid , Shih Shu-Fu , Wu Holden , Liu Yongkai , Nickel Marcel , Vahle Thomas , Dale Brian , Sai Victor , Felker Ely , Miao Qi , Zhong Xiaodong , Hu Peng
Published: August 2023

Undersampling is desired to reduce scan time but can cause streaking artifacts in stack-of-radial imaging. State-of-the-art deep neural networks such as the U-Net can be trained in a supervised manner to remove streaking artifacts but produce blurred images and loss of image details. Therefore, we developed and trained a 3D generative adversarial network to preserve perceptual image sharpness while removing streaking artifacts. The network used a combination of adversarial loss, L2 loss and structural similarity index loss. We demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed network for removing streaking artifacts and preserving perceptual image sharpness.
AUTOMATIC EVALUATION OF HIP ABDUCTOR MUSCLE QUALITY IN HIP OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: Bird Alyssa , Caliva Francesco , Majumdar Sharmila , Pedoia Valentina , Souza Richard
Published: August 2023

The aim of this study was to reduce time-to-segmentation for analysis of muscle quality across a large volume of the hip abductors in individuals with hip osteoarthritis by developing an automatic segmentation network. The gluteus medius (GMED), gluteus minimus (GMIN), and tensor fasciae latae (TFL) were manually segmented on fat-water separated IDEAL MR images in 44 subjects. A 3D V-Net was trained, validated, and tested using these manually segmented image volumes and resulted in a mean Dice coefficient of 0.94, 0.87, and 0.91 for GMED, GMIN, and TFL. The automatic segmentation network demonstrated strong performance and provides drastically reduced time-to-segmentation.
Efficient Network for Diffusion-Weighted Image Interpolation and Accelerated Shell Sampling
Authors: Pierre Eric , O'Brien Kieran , Feiweier Thorsten , Pfeuffer Josef , Staeb Daniel
Published: August 2023

We propose an efficient, densely connected network to synthesize unacquired DW-volumes from other acquired DW-directions and b=0 mm2/s volumes, allowing acceleration of high-angular DWI shell acquisition by skipping some DW-directions altogether.

For training, we used a high-quality dataset of 20 HCP subjects with 90 DW-directions per subject at both b=1000 mm2/s and 3000 mm2/s. 40 HCP subjects were used for validation. 30 DW-directions were selected for input to reconstruct the other 60 missing target DW-directions.

Comparison with a linear-interpolation benchmark show improved fidelity of synthesized DW-volumes and FOD maps to a gold standard acquisition, for both b-values.
Fast Volumetric Diffusion-Weighted MRSI: Improved Acquisition and Data Processing
Authors: Wang Zepeng , Lam Fan
Published: August 2023

Diffusion-weighted MRSI (DW-MRSI) is a unique quantitative molecular imaging modality that can potentially provide exclusive cell-type and compartment-specific microstructural information in vivo. However, DW-MRSI studies have been largely limited to single voxels or very low resolutions in basic science and clinical applications due to several fundamental technical challenges. Here, we further enhanced the performance and robustness of the recently proposed subspace imaging method by synergizing improved acquisition and data processing strategies. Higher b-value DE and 3D metabolite mean diffusivity mapping more immune to physiological motions at a 6.9x6.9x8 mm3 nominal resolution were achieved in less than 20-mins.
Robust Low-rank Denoising of MRSI Data
Authors: Jin Wen , Zhao Yibo , Guo Rong , Li Yudu , Luo Jie , Li Yao , Liang Zhi-Pei
Published: August 2023

With the increasing use of MRSI in research and clinical applications, we have seen a surge in the use of low-rank models for denoising MRSI data. This paper presents a novel method for robust denoising of MRSI data corrupted by both Gaussian noise and nuisance signals. The proposed method has been validated using both simulated and in vivo data, producing impressive results. This method will further enhance the practical utility of low-rank denoising.
Rapid Whole Brain High-Resolution MR Spectroscopic Imaging at 7T
Authors: Guo Rong , Li Yudu , Zhao Yibo , Tafti Sina , Anderson Aaron , Sutton Brad , Liang Zhi-Pei
Published: August 2023

Metabolic imaging of the whole brain is desirable in many neuroscience studies and some clinical applications. This work demonstrates whole-brain MRSI (FOV = 240×240×160 mm3) at 7T using a special SPICE-based data acquisition and processing scheme. Experimental results showed that whole brain metabolic imaging at 3.0×3.0×3.2 mm3 resolution could be obtained in an 8-minute scan at 7T.
Tractography from Gaussian multi-compartmental ODFs
Authors: Hernandez-Gutierrez Erick , Ramirez-Manzanares Alonso , Théberge Antoine , Descoteaux Maxime , Concha Luis , Coronado-Leija Ricardo
Published: August 2023

In this study, we propose a pipeline to compute the structural connectome from diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI). The pipeline is based on a novel method called MRDS, which computes independent Gaussian profiles per intravoxel diffusion compartments. The effectiveness of our pipeline is shown on the DiSCo challenge synthetic dataset. Our findings show that the pipeline is competitive and outperforms a pipeline based on constrained spherical deconvolution (CSD).
Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping of the Ex Vivo Human Brainstem with Luxol Fast Blue Staining Correlation
Authors: Balasubramanian Priya , Guo Lingfei , Huang Weiyuan , Kovanlikaya Ilhami , Ramineni Alisa , Garcia Nector , Liechty Benjamin , Dyke Jonathan , Voss Henning , Aronowitz Eric , Spincemaille Pascal , Pisapia David , Wang Yi
Published: August 2023

This study utilized sub-millimeter 3T gradient echo MRI of the brainstem ex vivo to obtain a magnetic susceptibility map (QSM). ROIs of both deep brain nuclei and myelinated fiber tracts were chosen and quantified from QSM obtained from MRI field. The ex vivo specimens were then stained with Luxol Fast Blue and the resultant absorbance of the ROIs were compared to QSM. A strong linear correlation was observed (R2 = 0.897, p = 0.0041).
Physics-based network fine-tuning for robust susceptibility mapping from high-pass filtered phase
Authors: Zhang Jinwei , Dimov Alexey , Zhang Hang , Li Chao , Nguyen Thanh , Spincemaille Pascal , Wang Yi
Published: August 2023

A network fine-tuning step based on signal physics is proposed for deep learning based quantitative susceptibility mapping using high-pass filtered phase only to susceptibility. The proposed method showed better robustness compared to the pre-trained networks without fine-tuning when the test dataset deviated from the training dataset, such as a change in voxel size or high-pass filter cutoff frequency.
3D Golden Angle Stack-of-Spiral bSSFP Sequence for Undersampled Lactate Imaging in Hyperpolarized MRI
Authors: Liu Xiaoxi , Tang Shuyu , Cui Di , Sahin Sule , Dwork Nicholas , Wang Zhen , Larson Peder
Published: August 2023

In the previous work, 3D balanced steady state free precession (bSSFP) sequence have been used to improve SNR for hyperpolarized 13C lactate imaging. In this study, we proposed a 3D bSSFP stack-of-spiral with golden angle rotation sequence for lactate imaging to furtherly accelerate lactate imaging. At the same time, we designed a regularized reconstruction method for the undersampled data that did not degrade image quality.
Quality-of-life Worsening Predicted Using Baseline Hyperpolarized 3He MRI Ventilation Texture Features and Machine-Learning
Authors: Sharma Maksym , Kooner Harkiran , McIntosh Marrissa , McCormack David , Parraga Grace
Published: August 2023

Texture analysis may be used to extract quantitative information from hyperpolarized 3He MR ventilation images to help explain clinically-relevant outcomes and disease progression. We aimed to combine texture analysis with machine-learning to generate classification models for predicting worsening quality-of-life in ex-smokers with and without COPD. We identified six texture feature contributors, which outperformed standard imaging and clinical variables, with the top machine-learning model achieving a classification accuracy of 80.2% at predicting worsening quality-of-life within 2-3 years. These pilot results suggest that 3He MRI texture features may provide additional prognostic information to predict clinically-relevant changes in quality-of-life in ex-smokers.
Compact 3T brain MRI for patients with abandoned leads of cardiac implantable electronic devices
Authors: Speltz Lydia Bardwell , Shu Yunhong , Watson Robert , Trzasko Joshua , Gray Erin , Halverson Maria , Arant Joseph , Huston John , Foo Thomas , Bernstein Matt
Published: August 2023

Patients with abandoned pacemaker leads require special attention during MR exams due to the risk of lead tip heating from RF energy deposition. The electromagnetic fields on the compact 3T (C3T) scanner fall off rapidly caudal to the head, and therefore present a reduced risk of lead tip heating during brain imaging. We compared the images from a whole-body 1.5T scanner and a high-performance C3T scanner. The C3T images show substantial improvements in image quality and greater cortical detail. This work establishes the feasibility of C3T brain MRI with a 32-channel receive coil for patients with abandoned leads.
Shimming a Halbach Magnet for TRASE MRI on the International Space Station
Authors: Purchase Aaron , Sedlock Christopher , Sarty Gordon , Sharp Jonathan , Tomanek Boguslaw
Published: August 2023

Astronauts experience detrimental loss to bone and muscle during long-term space flight. MRI is desired to monitor bone and muscle loss, but current portable systems remain unsuitable for the International Space Station (ISS). We built a 25 kg dipolar Halbach magnet dedicated to the transmit array spatial encoding (TRASE) method over a cylindrical region of interest (ROI), which satisfies the requirements for MRI on the ISS. Still, the natural axial gradient is not well suited to slice selection because it has a quadratic-type profile producing unwanted aliasing. We propose a technique to implement a linear axial B0 gradient for encoding.
The structural and functional change of glymphatic system in children with ADHD
Authors: Chen Yingqian , Su Shu , Dai Yan , Qian Long , Wang Miaomiao , Yang Zhiyun
Published: August 2023

The newly found structure – glymphatic system, may offer a new point for exploring the pathogenesis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD),. Our study investigated the change of glymphatic system in the treatment-naïve ADHD children by quantitatively measuring the VRS volume and using DTI-ALPS method. As the results showed, ADHD children have enlarged VRS, and the diffusivities along the VRS and ALPS-index were significantly lower in children with ADHD than in TD subjects, suggesting the impaired glymphatic drainage. Our study suggested that the glymphatic system alternation may play a role in the pathogenesis of ADHD and deserves further investigation.
Associations of gestational age, birth indicators, and brain volume in full-term newborns
Authors: Zhu Linlin , Feng Yuying , Bai Pengxuan , Ge Yao , Liu Congcong , He Yichu , Shi Feng , Yang Jian , Wei Xiaocheng , jin Chao
Published: August 2023

Newborn gestational age (GA) and birth indicators (birth weight, birth length and head circumference) have been used as clinical indicators to assess the level of brain development. Cerebral changes are particularly intense during the last weeks of gestation. Previous studies have shown that the total brain volume at birth is about one third of the brain volume of healthy adults[1], but it remains unclear about the effect factors of brain volume. Our studies have shown that compared with other birth indicators, the gestational age of full-term newborns is strongly correlated with brain volume.
PM2.5 exposure induces structural and functional changes in the mouse brain
Authors: Han Xiaoyang , Zhai Yuting , Zhang Xiao-Yong
Published: August 2023

We investigated the structural and functional changes induced by exposure in PM2.5 in the mouse model using MRI at 11.7T. We compared the gray matter volume ratio (GMR) of major brain regions between mice exposed to concentrated PM2.5 (PM) and mice exposed to filtered air (FA) after 30-day and 90-day exposure. Our results demonstrate that exposure to PM2.5 for 90 days may induce brain structural and functional changes.
Application of high-resolution 3D vessel wall MR(3D VW-MR) imaging in Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System
Authors: zhou hongwei , zhao kexin , zhang tianjing
Published: August 2023

Primary angiitis of the central nervous system(PACNS) is a kind of rare disease, but the clinical diagnosis is difficult. Recently, high-resolution HR-3D-VW-MRI(3-dimensional vessel wall MR imaging) method has been used to evaluate cerebral vessels because it could directly show the vessel wall as well the lumen; thus it can assist in differentiating various types of vasculopathy. The purpose of our study was to summarize the typical imaging performance of PACNS and evaluate the value of 3D- VW-MRI sequence in demonstrating the detailed information in detection, diagnosis, evaluation, and follow-up for PACNS.
Preoperative high-resolution 3D VIBE evaluations of the neurovascular anatomy of patients with microvascular compression for hemifacial spasm
Authors: Xiaoming Liu , Xiangchuang Kong , Qiang Li , Peng Sun , Dingxi Liu
Published: August 2023

The main cause of hemifacial spasm is neurovascular compression syndrome. It is very important to preoperative evaluate the relationship between nerve and responsible blood vessel and its compression site. High-resolution 3D MR cisternography techniques were used preoperatively to assess neurovascular anatomy in patients with neurovascular compression syndrome, but the contrast between vessels and cranial nerves at the point of neurovascular contact is limited. In this study, we evaluated 3D VIBE image to could not only clearly show the structure of nerves and blood vessels, but also improve the contrast between blood vessels and nerves or surrounding brain stem.
Disparate Multivariate Relationships between Brain-Behavior Dimensions across Patients with Schizophrenia at Different Illness Stages
Authors: Zhao Qiannan , Lui Su
Published: August 2023

Clarifying brain-behavior associations in schizophrenia helps understand neurobiological mechanisms and explore biomarkers for patient stratification and cognition-targeted interventions. Sparse canonical correlation analysis (sCCA) is a method that maximizes the correlations between linear combinations of each high-dimensional data set, providing more information relative to traditional bivariate correlation analysis. In order to characterize multivariate brain-behavior associations in schizophrenia, we performed sCCA in patients at different illness stages. Disparate canonical correlations were found across FES patients and stable treated patients, involving cortical thickness and surface area contributed in each sample, consistent with their well-established differences in neurodevelopmental trajectories, genetics, and contributions to cognition.
Brain mapping of the temporal interference stimulation wth functional MRI
Authors: Xin Zonghao , Abe Yoshifumi , Kuwahata Akihiro , Tanaka Kenji F. , Sekino Masaki
Published: August 2023

Temporal interference stimulation (TIS) is a novel, non-invasive deep brain stimulation (DBS) methodology thatutilizes multiple external electric fields with amplitude modulation (AM) to stimulate deep brain regions without affectingthe superficial cortical areas. However, the clinical application of TIS is inhibited by its unproved response of the brain to the modulated stimulation. In this study, we investigated the instantaneous brain response to TIS using fMRI technique in rodents. The results demonstrated the compatibility of TIS with fMRI, as well as the feasibility of stimulating subcortical encephalic regions non-invasively and focally.
Highly reliability resting-state networks in common marmoset brains.
Authors: Haga Yawara , Hata Junichi , Kaneko Takaaki , Hagiya Kei , Komaki Yuji , Seki Fumiko , Yoshimaru Daisuke , Muta Kanako , Kishi Noriyuki , Shirakawa Takako , Okano Hideyuki
Published: August 2023

We identified the resting-state networks in common marmoset brains with a larger amount of rsfMRI data (60 hours). The group-ICA and single subject-ICA were performed in this study. As a results, 18 networks were detected with highly reliability. It included the default mode network, a network most likely involved with visual pathways, and the limbic network. In addition, our data suggests that the resting-state networks in marmoset may be similar to that in human and macaque monkey. Therefore, our study shows that the evaluation of the functional effects of the neurodegenerative diseases using common marmosets is highly useful.
Differentiation of hormone secretion related pituitary macroadenomas using Amide Proton Transfer weighted imaging
Authors: Cui Wenjun , Zhang Jing , Ai Kai , Zheng Yurong , Bai Yuping , Gan Tiejun , Wang Rui , Yang Tingli , Wang Pengfei , Zou Jie , Li Haoyuan , Ding Yuan
Published: August 2023

Advanced radiological modalities such as Amide Proton Transfer weighted imaging (APTw) may be useful in probing biological tissue properties of pituitary adenomas. The objective of the present study was to examine APTw derived APT value to noninvasively and quantitatively measuring pituitary adenomas. Moreover, the correlation analysis was performed between ATP value and hormone secretion to validate the efficiency of ATP value in differentiate hormone secretion related pituitary adenomas.
Deep Learning for Prediction of Recurrence in Nonfunctioning Pituitary Macroadenomas: Combination of Clinical and MRI Features
Authors: Ko Ching-Chung , Chen Yan-Jen , Hsieh Hsun-Ping , Chen Jeon-Hor
Published: August 2023

A subset of nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenomas (NFMAs) show early progression/recurrence (P/R) after surgery. In clinical practice, one of the main challenges in the treatment of NFMAs is to determine factors that associated with P/R. This study investigated the role of deep learning for the prediction of P/R in NFMAs. 78 patients diagnosed with NFMAs were included. The hybrid CNN-MLP model using both clinical and MRI features showed the best performance for prediction of P/R in NFMAs, with accuracy of 84%, precision of 88%, and AUC of 0.87.
The shared and disorder-specific temporal dynamics in degree centrality for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizophrenia
Authors: Wang Yaxuan , Luo Lekai , Li Qian , You Wanfang , Wang Yuxia , Zhang Qian , Lui Su , Gong Qiyong , Li Fei
Published: August 2023

Temporal dynamics in degree centrality (DC) were measured to detect alterations of dynamic topological organization in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and schizophrenia (SZ). We found both patients with OCD and SZ showed decreased occurrence of a state manifested as the highest centrality in sensory systems. Moreover, we observed common and specific alteration of temporal variability of DC in some brain regions, which correlated with symptom severity of patients, respectively.
A radiomics signature-based nomogram to predict TERT promoter mutation status and the prognosis of glioblastoma
Authors: Lu Jun , Li Hailiang , Li Xiang
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to establish and validate a radiomics signature-based nomogram with robust radiomics features from contrast enhanced MRI images. The radiomics features were selected using LASSO regression. A prediction model was constructed with multivariate logistic regression analysis. A nomogram combined radiomics signature and clinical factors were established, showing good performance for predicting the TERT mutation status. The clinical value of radiomics nomogram was further assessed by the prognosis analysis. In conclusion, the radiomics signature-based nomogram is a promising method for preoperatively predicting TERT promoter mutation status and has the potential to assess prognosis noninvasively in glioblastoma patients.
Neuroimaging-based brain age prediction of first-episode schizophrenia and the alteration of brain age after early medication
Authors: Wu Xu-Sha , Xi Yi-Bin , Yin Hong
Published: August 2023

Schizophrenia is related to accelerated brain ageing, while individualized biomarkers are scarce. We established a brain age prediction model based on diffusion tensor imaging sequence. The difference between brain age and chronological age of first-episode schizophrenia patients and healthy controls were compared, and the longitudinal studies were performed in follow-up patients after a short-term antipsychotic treatment. The results verified the theory of accelerated brain ageing and medication have an effect on ameliorating it. Structural brain changes in schizophrenia could reveal the accelerated aging and quantification of age discrepancy could contribute to clinical decision-making and find new targeted therapies.
Brain structure and volume reveal neurodevelopmental abnormalities in preterm infants with low-grade intraventricular hemorrhage
Authors: Zhang Chunxiang , Zhao Xin , Guo Jinxia , Wang Kaiyu , Cheng Meiying , Shang Honglei , Wang Xueyuan , Xuan Desheng , Zhang Lingjie , Zhang Xiaoan
Published: August 2023

Premature infants with low-grade intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) are accompanied by neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Synthetic MRI is an emerging technology that can provide brain volume quantification. Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) can be sensitive to assess brain microstructure changes. Smaller myelin volume, brain parenchymal fraction, lower radial kurtosis value in cerebellum were associated with lower neonatal behavioral neurological assessment. DKI and Synthetic MRI are able to quantitatively evaluate the abnormality of the brain development in preterm infants with low-grade IVH.
Postnatal age-related change of brain volume and its association with neurobehavior outcome in term neonates
Authors: Feng Yuying , Zhu Linlin , Bai Peng xuan , Ge Yao , Liu Congcong , Zhang Na , He Yichu , Shi Feng , Wei Xiaocheng , Yang Jian , Jin Chao
Published: August 2023

Neonatal period is an important stage of brain development, exploring the development and evolution of brain region at this stage is significant for studying brain development and disease mechanisms. We analyzed the relationship between segmented brain region volume and postnatal age in term neonates, the results showed that, after controlling for gestational age, birth weight, body length, head circumference and gender factors, the volume of most brain regions of neonates was positively correlated with postnatal age. In addition, there is no correlation between the volume of most brain regions and neurobehavioral scores.
Altered neurochemical cerebral metabolism in patients with gluten ataxia: A pilot in-vivo proton MRS study
Authors: Sharma Uma , Rawat Vishwa , Das Prasenjit , Srivastava Achal Kumar , Makharia Govind
Published: August 2023

Present study evaluated the neurochemical profile of vermis and right cerebellum of GA patients using 1H MRS. The concentration of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), glycerophosphocholine (GPC)+phosphocholine (PC), creatine (Cr) + phosphocreatine (PCr) and glutamine (Gln)+glutamate (Glu) were significantly lower in the right cerebellum of patients with GA compared to HC. The concentration of NAA, Cr and Glu were significantly lower in vermis region of patients with GA compared to HC indicating altered cerebral metabolism in GA patients that would have contributed to cerebral damage. The metabolites NAA, GPC+PC, Glu+Gln may have the potential to serve as early indicators of neuronal damage.
Evaluating Repeatability of Low b-value DTI of CSF using Novel Angular Tensor-Correlation-Coefficient
Authors: Bito Yoshitaka , Ochi Hisaaki , Harada Kuniaki , Shirase Ryuji , Kudo Kohsuke
Published: August 2023

Low b-value DTI (Low-b DTI) has been recently proposed for investigating the CSF pseudorandom flow. High repeatability of Low-b DTI is essential for the investigation; however, an efficient index evaluating repeatability of both shape and orientation of DT has not been presented. In this study, a new index, angular tensor-correlation-coefficient (ATCC), was proposed and was demonstrated to have good features in understanding the degree of repeatability by Monte Carlo simulation. ATCC was used to evaluate the repeatability of an experiment about Low-b DTI of CSF and showed high repeatability of this experiment.
Accelerate Single-Channel MRI by Exploiting Uniform Undersampling Aliasing Periodicity through Deep Learning
Authors: Man Christopher , Yi Zheyuan , Lau Vick , Hu Jiahao , Zhao Yujiao , Xiao Linfang , Leong Alex , Wu Ed
Published: August 2023

Conventional parallel imaging methods mostly utilize the spatial encoding by array of receiver coils to unfold the periodic aliasing artifact resulted from uniformly undersampled k-space data. In scenarios such as low- or ultra-low-field MRI where effective receiver arrays do not exist and SNRs are low, these methods are not generally applicable. This study presents a U-Net based deep learning approach to single-channel MRI acceleration that unfolds the aliasing by exploiting its periodicity. The results demonstrate the aliasing unfolding capability of this method for single-channel MRI even at very high acceleration and in presence of pathologies.
Breast DWIBS with patient-adaptive STIR inversion delay (TI) optimization utilizing dynamic TI scout scan (DynTI)
Authors: Kato Mana , Kodaira Kazuo , Goto Yasuhiro , Katsumata Yasutomo , Nishihara Mai , Yoneyama Masami , Shiina Isao , Hamatani Yutaka , Ogawa Takumi , Nagao Michinobu , Sakai Shuji
Published: August 2023

DWI provides beneficial information that has high diagnostic potential of breast lesions. DWIBS can suppresses the background signals including fat tissues effectively, but there are often insufficient fat suppression cases because of non-adaptation TInull were used. In this study we demonstrated that the actual TI for nulling breast fat in DWI is patient-specific and dynamic TI scout scan (DynTI) is useful to explore patient-adaptive TI that can provide more beneficial to increase the robustness of breast DWIBS.
ASL and multi-b-value DWI for longitudinal renal function evaluation of renal allografts
Authors: chen lihua , cui jianmin , zhu jinxia , shen wen
Published: August 2023

Early evaluation and treatment of delayed graft function due to renal cold ischemia reperfusion injury has important clinical significance for prolonging donor kidney preservation times and improving the survival rates of allografts. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) have been accepted for microstructure change evaluations of renal function. In this study, transplant recipients were collected for fMRI examination at 14d, 30d and 90d after transplantation. The parameters were compared to evaluate renal microstructure changes among different time points. The results showed ASL and DWI can reflect longitudinal changes of diffusion and perfusion properties for allografts after kidney transplantation .
Texture Analysis of Synthetic MRI Combined with DWI and ADC for Characterization of Lesions of the Prostate
Authors: Cheng Hao , Wu Pu-Yeh , Liu Ming , Li Chunmei , Chen Min
Published: August 2023

We extracted 104 texture features from relaxation maps of synthetic MRI, DWI and ADC in each of 603 prostate lesions from 297 patients, and compared the diagnostic performance of models based on texture features with mean quantitative values in discriminating PCa from benign lesions and in discriminating csPCa from clinically insignificant lesions. Models of synthetic MRI+DWI+ADC has the highest diagnostic performance in discriminating PCa from SH and noncancerous PZ, and in discriminating csPCa from SH+Gl6 and noncancerous PZ+Gl6. This suggested that texture analysis of synthetic MRI combined with diffusion images can provide better performance in the characterization of prostate lesions.
Diagnosis value of T2 mapping on the of vascular invasion in rectal Cancer
Authors: Li Xiwei , Chen Anliang , Liu Ailian , Wu Zhigang
Published: August 2023

Rectal cancer is a malignant tumor with extremely high morbidity and mortality. It will change the physical microenvironments, but it is still a challenge to differentiate the rectal cancer with and without vascular invasion. T2 mapping imaging is a quantitative biomarker with good repeatability and stability. T2 mapping can non-invasively visualize and quantify tissue components (such as edema, fibrosis etc )without contrast agent. This study aims to assess the performance of T2 mapping on differentiating rectal cancer with and without vascular invasion, which may yield higher diagnostic confidence.
The Comparison of Enhancing-part and Whole-lesion of ROI Measurements in MR Histogram Analysis of Clear Cell RCC and None Clear Cell RCC
Authors: Liu Ming-Cheng , Liu Yi-Jui , Lyu Pin-Sian , Pan Guan-Xin , Chan Si-Wa , Lin Yen-Ting , Hung Siu-Wan , Chai Jyh-Wen , Chiu Kun-Yuan
Published: August 2023

Tumor necrosis, hemorrhage, and cystic change may influence the result of MR histogram analysis between ccRCC and ncRCC. We conducted EP ROI and WL ROI measurements of these two tumors. Five most important metrics were found in differentiation, including three EP ROI metrics on the T1 A and V phase, and the T2W images, and two WL ROI metrics on the DWI b800 images and the T2W images. Both EP ROI and WL ROI played a role in the diagnosis ccRCC and ncRCC. The addition of these two ROI measurements of histogram analysis to routine MRI evaluation may benefit diagnosis.
Application of DKI in the assessment of early renal injury in patients with DM
Authors: Feng You-Zhen , Cheng Zhong-Yuan , Qian Long , Cai Xiang-Ran
Published: August 2023

Apply DKI technology to the assessment of early renal function changes in diabetic patients. These results indicate that the microstructure of kidney tissue may have changed in diabetic patients without clinically impaired renal function. In addition, the results of correlation analysis between DKI parameters and clinical laboratory indicators of renal function (HBA1, Uscr, and eGFR) show that there is a linear correlation between most of the parameters, which objectively confirms the feasibility of DKI parameters to reflect changes in renal function.
A time-saving and optimized IVIM protocol for diagnosis of prostate cancer
Authors: zhou qiqi , Liu Weiyin , Tang Qian , Song Ling , Liu Chao , Chen Hu , Xu Lin
Published: August 2023

It is of importance to acquire diffusion-weighted images with high image quality in a short time whereas higher b value and a greater number of b values reduce image quality and prolong scan time. In this study, we aimed to build an optimized protocol for IVIM in diagnosis of prostate cancer.We observed mean of all ADC, D, D* and f derived from IVIM with 5 b-value scheme showed almost the same diagnosis efficiency to IVIM with 13 b-value scheme, suggesting sensitivity and specificity were not different between different b-value scheme.
Radiomics Analysis of the Prostate Cancer Habitats in Diagnosing Extracapsular Extension on Multi-Parametric MRI
Authors: Zhang Yihong , Hou Ying , Bao Jie , Song Yang , Wu Dongmei , Zhang Yu-dong , Yan Xu , Yang Guang
Published: August 2023

We extracted radiomics features from subregions of the area where the lesion was close to the capsular boundary to diagnose the extracapsular extension (ECE). The model was trained with 574 cases, using 5-fold cross-validation and evaluated with an independent internal test cohort of 144 cases and an external test cohort of 146 cases. The model built with subregion features achieved AUC (area under receiver operating characteristic curve) values of 0.792 and 0.713 on the internal and external test cohort, respectively, outperforming the model built with whole lesion features whose internal and external test AUCs are 0.724 and 0.581, respectively.
Kidney segmentation in MR images using CT-trained ResUNet and transfer learning
Authors: Ni Chang , Wang Zhe , Lu Mengkang , Zhang Jeff
Published: August 2023

Kidney segmentation is often necessary for analyzing renal MRI data. Deep learning approach shows much promise, but typically requires large numbers of images for model training. In this study, we explored the feasibility of segmenting MRI images using ResUNet pre-trained with CT images and fine-tuning with transfer learning. The fine-tuning step used 60 MRI images (from 5 subjects) only. The trained model performed excellently in segmenting an independent set of MRI images, with DICE similarity of 0.94 and volume error of 13%±9%. This study demonstrates the power of transfer learning in utilizing images of a different modality in kidney segmentation.
Diagnostic value of adding MRI to CT examination for evaluating cystic renal masses using the 2019 Bosniak classification.
Authors: Arita Yuki , Yoshida Soichiro , Kwee Thomas , Akita Hirotaka , Edo Hiromi , Takeshita Ryo , Okamura Haruka , Nagasaka Misa , Ueda Ryo , Okuda Shigeo , Fujii Yasuhisa
Published: August 2023

We compared the interobserver agreement and diagnostic performance of CT alone and combined CT/MRI among two groups of readers (radiologists and residents) using the 2019 Bosniak classification (BC2019) to determine the malignancy of cystic renal masses (CRMs). Our study demonstrated that combined CT/MRI resulted in substantially high interobserver agreement between radiologists and residents. In addition, the diagnostic performance for category III/IV malignancy improved significantly for residents with combined CT/MRI when compared with evaluations based on CT alone. Thus, combined CT/MRI may be useful for diagnosing malignancy in CRMs, especially for non-expert readers, using the (BC2019).
MRI in the differential diagnosis of angular pregnancy and interstitial pregnancy during the first trimester
Authors: Liu Wenjuan , Xie Weili , Wang Zhenchang
Published: August 2023

The study evaluated the accuracy of MRI in the diagnosis of 22 angular pregnancy cases and 37 interstitial pregnancy cases retrospectively during the first trimester. Two senior obstetrics radiologists reviewed the MR images and analyzed several features. The study found two key features were useful to diagnose angular pregnancy, namely, “medial free edge” and “medial free edge plus above-cutoff endometrial thickness”. One key feature to diagnose interstitial pregnancy was “intact lateral junctional zone”. MRI is a novel imaging approach to make the precise differential diagnosis of angular pregnancy and interstitial pregnancy.
Evaluation of fetal spinal anatomy and vertebral malformation using three-dimensional T2-star FFE sequence at 3T: clinical experience
Authors: He Shuang , Lei Qiang , Zhao Xiaoli , Yang Ya , Wang Zhigang , Lai Hua , Zhang Xiaoyong , Wen Xilin
Published: August 2023

Magnetic resonance image (MRI) has been increasingly used to evaluate fetal malformations. Currently, the commonly used fetal spine scanning sequences include conventional 2D Single-Shot TSE (2D SSH TSE) and 2D balanced fast field echo sequence (2D BTFE), However, 2D MR sequences have disadvantages such as unclear display of tiny structures especially the fetal cervical vertebra, furthermore the image quality is strongly affected by fetal postures. In this study we compared 3D T2-star-weighted FFE sequence with conventional 2D SSH TSE sequence and 2D BTFE sequence. The 3D T2-star FFE sequence has high prenatal diagnosis value for fetal spine malformation, and can be used as an important supplementary sequence for fetal spine diagnosis in clinical practice.
Cortical development over the first 13 years of life after very preterm birth
Authors: Kelly Claire , Thompson Deanne , Adamson Chris , Ball Gareth , Dhollander Thijs , Beare Richard , Alexander Bonnie , Cheong Jeanie , Seal Marc , Inder Terrie , Doyle Lex , Anderson Peter
Published: August 2023

Longitudinal cortical development following very preterm (VP) birth has been infrequently studied. We undertook a unique longitudinal MRI study of 202 VP infants and 66 term-born infants from shortly after birth to age 13 years. Longitudinal changes in surface-based volume, area and thickness measurements for 62 cortical regions were modelled using generalised additive models. We reveal cortical alterations in the neonatal period and altered cortical development in the early years of life following VP birth. Cortical alterations persisted to age 13, with several regions of reduced volume and area, thickness reductions in temporal regions, and thickness increases in frontal regions.
Relationship between fetal brainstem growth and corresponding gestational weeks: an MRI study
Authors: LI jie , Ling xiao , Yue songhong , Li haoyuan , Wen tao , Zhang jing , Ai kai
Published: August 2023

We use midsagittal T2WI-based structural MRI images to investigate the relationship between fetal brainstem growth and corresponding gestational weeks. The changes of fetal brainstem substructure in of 153 pregnant women in the middle and late stages were quantitatively evaluated. We found that all measurement indices (height, anteroposterior diameter and cross-sectional area) of normal fetal brainstem were significantly correlated with gestational age. Our study demonstrates that MRI can clearly show the fetal brainstem structure, and the changes of brainstem substructure follow certain rules in fetus.
The value of IVIM and mDIXON-Quant MR imaging in the identification of pediatric IgAN and HSPN
Authors: Zhu Yupeng , Peng Yun , Liu Xiaorong , Lian Jianxiu , Shen Zhiwei , Hu Geli
Published: August 2023

It is difficult to identify IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and Henoch Schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) due to their similar clinical features. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can simultaneously obtain tissue structure and function imaging, and evaluate the functional state of kidney. In this study, intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and mDIXON-Quant were performed in pediatric patients with nephropathy, and it was found that IgAN and HSPN were remarkably different in renal function. The values of medulla’s D and cortex’s R2* obtained by IVIM and mDIXON-Quant had the ability in differential diagnosis of IgAN and HSPN.
The value of synthetic MRI in detecting the brain change and hearing impairment of children with sensorineural hearing loss
Authors: Zhang Penghua , Zhang Xiaoan , Zhao Xin , Lu Lin , Guo Jinxia , Xing Qingna , Cheng Meiying , Meng Lingsong
Published: August 2023

Study explored the brain development of children with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL),which may cause children's language discrimination ability and voice localization ability worse.The auditory pathway was regarded impaired and the related brain structure may change in SNHL,especially in early development stage for children age less than 3 months.Studies with Diffusion tensor imaging,diffusion kurtosis imaging and fMRImainly investigate the patient age over 2 years old,when it’s a timechildren's brain is myelinated[1] .

Synthetic MRI was used in this study to quantitatively evaluate the differences among normal and SNHL with varying degree of hearing loss. The quantitative value of T1 in inferior colliculus,lateral lemniscus and middle cerebellar peduncle were found help early diagnosis of hearing loss of SNHL infants.
Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging for Evaluation of Fetal Vertebrae and Vertebral Anomalies
Authors: Cai Xianyun , Zhu Jinxia , Wang Guangbin
Published: August 2023

This study explored the feasibility and clinical value of susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) in depicting fetal vertebral growth and related anomalies. The results showed that vertebral development in fetuses on SWI was remarkably linearly correlated with gestational ages. In addition, SWI demonstrated superior image quality and higher diagnostic accuracy compared to conventional Half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin-echo (HASTE) or true fast imaging with steady-state precession (TrueFISP) sequences. In conclusion, SWI is a reliable choice when imaging fetal vertebrae and vertebral anomalies.
Whole-brain oxygen metabolism in adults with sickle-cell disease using susceptometry and T2-based method
Authors: Wu Pei-Hsin , Wehrli Felix , Nabavizadeh Seyed
Published: August 2023

SvO2 and CMRO2 in patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA) were evaluated by MR susceptibility-based oximetry and compared with that derived from T2-based methods. The results show that (1) SvO2 trends lower and OEF tends to be higher in T2-based methods, (2) there is high correlation of CMRO2 between SBO and HbS model, (3) CMRO2 derived from SBO indicates tCBF was elevated to maintain oxygen delivery and oxygen metabolism in the brain given that CMRO2 is comparable with the healthy subjects reported previously. The preliminary results demonstrate the feasibility of OEF and CMRO2 estimation via SBO in subjects with SCA.
Hemodynamics, brain volume and cortical development in fetuses with complex congenital heart disease
Authors: Sun Cong , Xu Xinyi , Song Jiaguang , Chen Yufan , Zhang Chao , Liao Yuhao , Luo Wanrong , Zhu Jinxia , Wu Dan , Wang Guangbin
Published: August 2023

Fetuses with complex congenital heart disease (CHD, n=23) and healthy gestational age-matched controls (n=25) were investigated. Hemodynamics were assessed by Doppler examinations. Fetal brain MR images were segmented to get global and regional morphological measurements. Results showed that fetuses with CHD have abnormally higher umbilical artery pulsation index and smaller global and regional brain volumes as early as 20-30 weeks; however, thickness, mean curvature, and sulcal depth of different brain lobes showed no statistical difference from the healthy controls. These results add to growing evidence of antenatal brain abnormalities of the CHD fetuses during the second and early third trimesters.
Regional brain ADC value changes in fetuses with complex congenital heart diseases in the second and early third trimesters
Authors: Sun Cong , Song Jiaguang , Chen Yufan , Zhu Jinxia , Wang Guangbin
Published: August 2023

We measured apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in the brains of 64 normal fetuses at 20-40 gestational weeks and 23 fetuses with complex CHD during second and early third trimesters. We also compared ADC values between the fetuses with CHD and the 27 gestational age-matched normal controls using covariance analyses. Our results showed normal variations in ADC values for fetal brains during maturation in utero. Moreover, the ADC values in the CHD group were not significantly different than the GA-matched normal fetuses, indicating that myelin development was not delayed in the CHD fetuses during the second and early third trimesters.
Diffusion kurtosis imaging predicts positive margins after radical resection of localized prostate cancer
Authors: Meng Shuang , Chen Lihua , Wang Nan , Liu Yunsong , Liu Ailian
Published: August 2023

PSMs are an independent risk factor for biochemical recurrence in patients after radical prostatectomy. DKI quantifies the non-Gaussian nature of the real water molecule diffusion, and accurately reveals the changes in the microstructure of the tissue. Results of this study indicate that MD, Da , Dr, MK, Ka and Kr can be used to predict predicts positive margins after radical resection of localized prostate cancer.
MRI-derived radiomics to guide initial prostate biopsy for initial biopsy patients
Authors: Xueqing Cheng , Haixia Li , Yuntian Chen
Published: August 2023

In this study, we applied the radiomics features of both suspected lesion and prostate gland on bi-parametric MRI (bpMRI) (T2W and ADC) to predict whether targeted biopsy alone is enough in detecting clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) in biopsy naïve men and compare their value with PI-RADS category.
Detection of prostatic peripheral zone cancer based on quantitative analysis of 3.0T MR Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Chen Zhiqiang , Zhang Shaoru , Chen Xiaohua , Zhang Dan , Song Na , Xiong Yuhui , Cai Lei , Chen Bing
Published: August 2023

In this study, we aim to evaluate the diagnostic performance of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in detecting prostatic peripheral zone cancer and to deduce its clinical utility. The area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of ADC value, FA value and their combination. The diagnostic threshold values of ADC and FA were also determined. It was concluded that DTI quantitative indexes has moderately high diagnostic accuracy in detecting prostate cancer , while the ADC value had higher diagnostic efficiency than the FA value.
How does Levodopa treatment in Parkinson’s disease impact perfusion: A MR pCASL Study
Authors: Wei Hanyu , He Le , Li Rui , Ma Yu
Published: August 2023

Levodopa therapy of Parkinson’s disease(PD) was considered to have effects on dopamine and norepinephrine levels therefore tending to alter the cardiovascular circulation. To find how cerebral perfusion changes in the levodopa process among PD patients, both perfusion capacity and spatial patterns computations were performed in this study. The initial conclusion is no obvious evidence supporting that cerebral perfusion alternation was effected in levodopa process. Further investigations were required to validate this point of view.
Increased Cerebral Blood Flow in Recovered COVID-19 Patients Assessed by Arterial Spin Labeling MRI
Authors: Bai Yan , Wu Yaping , Wei Wei , Zhang Xianchang , Wang Meiyun
Published: August 2023

Increased global and regional cerebral blood flow were observed in recovered corona virus disease 2019 patients, which may reflect the brain’s compensatory responses following corona virus disease 2019.
Focused ultrasound thalamotomy for the treatment of tremor impacts the cerebello-thalamo-cortical tremor network
Authors: Dahmani Louisa , Bai Yan , Li Meiling , Shen Lunhao , Ren Jianxun , Ma Jianjun , Wang Danhong , Du Lei , Cui Weigang , Wang Meiyun , Liu Hesheng
Published: August 2023

We used Magnetic Resonance-guided Focused Ultrasound to reduce hand tremor in 13 patients with Parkinson’s disease and essential tremor, by lesioning the ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) of the thalamus. We also investigated the functional reorganization of the brain after the procedure. We observed a 67% reduction in target hand tremor following the procedure. The regions that showed above-average change in functional connectivity are part of the cerebello-thalamo-cortical tremor network, confirming that lesioning the VIM was successful in targeting this network. We also observed some normalization in the functional connectivity of the target hand motor region, congruent with tremor alleviation.