bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adoption of Rootcrop and Fruit-Based Processing Technologies Learned from Training Programs
Authors: Botangen Esther T. , Quindara Hilda L. , Mama-o Joyce K.
Published: February 2025

The Benguet State University-Northern Philippine Rootcrops Research and Training Center (BSU-NPRCRTC) has disseminated processing technologies to individual household members, farmers, and associations in communities in collaboration with regional line agencies in the Cordillera Administrative Region and Region I. Fourteen trainings were conducted that focused on rootcrop-based snack items, desserts, breads, cookies, and beverages. Flour making from cassava was also introduced. A total of 487 individuals and four associations were trained. Preliminary results showed that the technologies on making ube wine, instant ginger tea, instant turmeric tea, and potato chips were adopted as livelihood enterprises. The technologies on 'ube halaya', sweetpotato juice, 'puto', 'maja', camarind, cassava flour, starch, 'pitchi-pitchi', 'kutchinta', and 'bibingka' were adopted only for household consumption and special occasions. One association improved blot drying process in potato chips production, which increased their production efficiency. Production of ube wine generated the highest returns over cash expenses at 37.82%, followed by instant turmeric and ginger tea at 28.08% and 34.08%, respectively. Lack of market promotion and limited market are the major problems that constrained the adoption of the processing technologies.
Need-Based and Participatory Approach to Extension:
Authors: Backian Grace S. , Meldoz Dalen T. , Masangcay Teresita D. , Kiswa Cynthia G.
Published: February 2025

This paper describes the process or model applied in addressing the Sweetpotato Fusarium wilt problem in Kayapa, Nueva Vizcaya. The project started with the assessment of the problem through the Participatory Rural Appraisal approach, which led to action planning and implementation of possible interventions or services needed by the farmers. Utilization of clean planting materials, soil amendments, and Trichoderma, a biological control agent, were likewise demonstrated in farmer’s field to showcase these technologies. The process applied the participatory strategy involving the farmers, technicians, and researchers in all the stages, needs assessment, action planning and implementation, and technology demonstration.
Sectoral Assessment of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emission in Barangay Bineng, La Trinidad, Benguet
Authors: Gaya Sayrha Fe A. , Parao Marissa R.
Published: February 2025

The Climate Change Act or the Republic Act of 9729 mandates the Local Government Unit (LGU) to prepare the Local Climate Change Action Plan. Aside from preparing the adaptation and mitigation plan, one crucial activity that LGUs need to undertake to reduce emission effectively is to undertake GHG inventory. If community GHG is not measured, it will be difficult to measure and monitor the effectiveness of any action plan. This study identifies and quantifies the emission sources of GHGs (carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide) in the major sectors (stationary energy, electricity consumption, transportation, waste, agriculture, and forestry and land use/land cover (LULC)) that occurred in 2018 at Barangay Bineng, La Trinidad, Benguet. Emission and sequestration were established using an excel-based tool developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [IPCC] (2006), the Government of the Philippines, and the United Nations Development Project [GOP and UNDP] (2011). Results showed that the major LULC change in Bineng was the increase in open forest and brushland area. Barangay Bineng emits 2,964.53 tCO2e generated from stationary energy, electricity consumption, agriculture, waste, transportation, and forest conversion to other land use. Despite the GHG released in the area, the remaining open forest and shrubland that increased in the area played a dominant role in absorbing emitted GHG with an absorption potential of 6,104.54 tCO2e per year. Thus, barangay Bineng is still a carbon sink. Nevertheless, the LGU must regulate the various GHG emitting activities.
The validity of women’s witness in court cases of gender violence
Authors: Dolz González Martí , Parra Erice Laura
Published: February 2025

In many cases of reports about gender violence abuses, the women’s witness is not validated by the executive and judicial forces. This is fed by a patriarchal system which quite a few times minimizes the abuses, puts the victim’s witness in doubt, and adds difficulty to the judicial process. A suspicion that the accusations may be false is so much commoner than the reality of false reports. That affects not only the women who dare to speak up, re-victimizing them, but also those who are thinking of reporting these situations.
Sustainable HRM: Enhancing Organizational Resilience and Adaptability
Authors: Aakanksha Saxena
Published: February 2025

The idea of sustainability is receiving recognition in the HR sector and shaping the development of a sustainable HRM strategy for employees. The prevailing consensus in human resource management (HRM) literature indicates that organizations seeking to attract and retain talent for future business operations must shift the current paradigm where human resources are exploited instead of nurtured. However, achieving sustainability objectives through the organization's human resources has received very little attention from specialists. Although scholars have recently gained interest in this field, the literature concerning the topic remains fragmented and diverse. The research is mainly descriptive and centers on illustrating the idea of sustainable HRM uncomplicatedly. Sustainable HRM is viewed as an extension of strategic HRM, offering a new approach to people management that prioritizes long-term enhancement, regeneration, and rejuvenation of human resources. Subsequently, the characteristics of sustainable HRM in contrast to conventional HRM are unclear. The research evaluates the immediate impacts of Sustainable HRM practices on organizational resilience and adaptability. The key findings emphasize how sustainable HRM practices affect organizational resilience both directly and indirectly.
Design and Implementation of a Shunting Communication Voice Recorder at Tegal Station Using Visual Basic
Authors: Dewi Firda , Faisal Rachman Natriya , Prasetyo Agustinus
Published: February 2025

Communication between the two is done using a handy talky. Communication between langsir officers and train travel organizers is one of the most influential communications in train operations. In (PM No. 45 of 2018) concerning the technical requirements of railway telecommunications equipment, it is stated that at least lansiran communication meets the operating system requirements, every conversation must be recorded. There is currently no recording device for alert communication at Tegal station, while the alert process at Tegal station occurs at least 8 times a day.In this study, an application was made to record the voice of the langsiran communication to record all communications made by the langsir officer and the train travel controller. By taking voice data from the handy talky which is used as a master, then it is connected using a series of interfaces via a cable jack on a PC that has installed a voice recording application for langsiran communication that has been made with Microsoft Visual Studio. The recorded data that has been obtained is processed and stored in a MySQL database with the phpMyAdmin interface.From the test results, the designed software can be run properly, can automatically record alert communication, the stored data can be searched based on the recording code and recording date, and the recorded recordings can be played back and show the recording time
Web-Based Level Crossing Control System Monitoring Device (Software)
Authors: Mehta Rahul , Wasudarae Khond Viveko
Published: February 2025

Failure function of level crossing control starts from not fulfillied the technical specifications in the level crossing operation. So it is necessary to have a monitoring system for the control of a level crossing door. This research was conducted at the level crossing of the Indonesian Railway Academy. The device circuit is arranged by attaching the sensor to the battery input, and inputing the flashing unit. Installation of sensors on the battery input is intended so that when the supply of voltage and current entering the battery does not meet specifications, it will be known that the charger battery is in trouble. Installation of sensors at the flashing input unit is intended so that when the supply of voltage and current entering the flashing unit is not according to specifications, it will be known that the supplier has a problem. The sensor will be connected to Arduino Mega which will then be sent to the database. From the data database the voltage and current will be processed in the web and displayed. If the voltage and current data from the database do not match specifications, a notification will appear on the web. Afterthat, it can be repaired by a technician.
Redesign of Ciamis Station With an Industrialist Concept Approach Using Autodesk Revit Application
Authors: ASHARI MOCHAMMAD ILHAM , Aghastya Adya , Adi Wahyu
Published: February 2025

Ciamis Station is one of the train stations located on the Bandung-Banjar railway route. This station needs facility improvement to meet the standard of a medium-class rail station. The purpose of this research is to identify the existing conditions of Ciamis Station, determine the class of Ciamis Station according to PM 33 of 2011, analyze the compliance of station standards according to PM 29 of 2011, redesign the station, and calculate the quantity of work with industrialist concept approach. Field survey data is used as primary data in the study. Passenger volume and existing floor plan are secondary data used in the analysis. Ciamis Station redesign planning is carried out to improve and develop Ciamis Station to increase the facilities using the Autodesk Revit application. Output results are in the form of layout, 3-dimensional views, and interiors of rooms, according to PM 63 of 2019 and the Railway Station Standardization Book. The result of the floor area for constructing the Ciamis Station room is 1.178 m2. The industrialist design concept uses materials, color, interior, and exposure of the station building. The result also shows the estimation of quantities for the construction process.
Selection of The Cirebon-Semarang High Speed Railway Phase I (Cirebon-Brebes) Using Arcgis 10.8
Authors: Suriadilaga Muhammad , Aghastya Adya , Danartini Riska Sasanti
Published: February 2025

The high-speed railway line has great potential to increase economic growth in the area through which it passes, especially the area that is a transit point or stop of the train. In accordance with the National Railway Master Plan (RIPNAS) the development of high-speed railways in Indonesia will continue to the city of Surabaya. The purpose of this research is to plan the Cirebon-Semarang Phase I (Cirebon-Semarang) high-speed railway with reference to the starting point of research from previous studies. The data needed are land use, disaster, and topography data as secondary data that are processed using ArcGIS 10.8. This research is including the selection of the best traces using simple multi-criteria analysis. The alternative that was selected as the best alternative route from the results of a simple multi-criteria analysis is alternative 2 with a route length of 43.2 km.
Automation of Trolley Wire Adjustment to Improve Safety of Deviation Maintenance on Japanese Type Catenary Networks
Authors: Yang Guang , Chiau Li , Jiadong Whu
Published: February 2025

The deviation Maintenance is an examination activity including measurement of the trolley wire deviation angle, the height of the trolley wire to the rail, and adjust the deviation of trolley wire on the catenary system or Overhead Contact Systems (OCS). All maintenance activities are carried out along railway lines and handled directly by workers. Implementation of this deviation maintenance is very rich and full of risks, because all work is still done manually by the workers. In this research we will create a prototype of automatic trolley wire measurement and adjustment equipment using Arduino uno microcontroller and some supporting sensors such as ultrasonic sensor and laser receiver sensor. For drives using a dc motor actuator that serves to pull or push the trolley wire to form an appropriate angle deviation.
Analysis for Lightning System on PPKA Building Depok Station
Authors: Sunardi Sunardi , Triwijaya Santi , Prih Raharjo Efendy , Reinaningtyas Elysaa
Published: February 2025

The PPKA building contains vital railway equipment components. In a high level of lightning density, external protection is required to prevent damage due to direct lightning strikes. By raising and changing the position of the spritzer diagonally to a height of 12 meters , the protection radius is 27.42 meters ; by moving one of the splitzer positions in building B and raising it to a height of 9 m, the protection radius is 26 m and 20.7 meters , the same thing is done with a height of 12 meters , the protection radius is 30.6 m and 24.5 meters ; This optimization is able to protect the entire building. Rolling method sphere (RSM) obtained a radius of 60 meters. RSM Prevectron3 S50 obtained a ∆L value of 50 meters with r ESE of 110 meters , while RSM Viking V6 obtained an ∆L value of 70 meters , with r ESE of 130 meters , with the design planning option using rolling sphere is able to protect the entire building.
Broadband Nonreciprocal Transmission Tuned by Pump-Induced Magnon Modes
Authors: CHEN zhijian  , ZHAO kaixin  , WANG chenxiao  , WEI chunke  , YAO bimu  ,   1 School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China;,   2 State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
Published: February 2025

Nonreciprocal electromagnetic wave transmission, essential for wireless communication, quantum computing, and radar systems, traditionally relies on breaking time-reversal symmetry through static magnetic fields or structural modifications, which face limitations in tunability and integration. Recent advancements in cavity magnonics, particularly the use of bound states in the continuum (BIC) and pump-induced magnon mode (PIM), have enabled enhanced nonreciprocal isolation and dynamic control of magnon dynamics. This study show a novel method to achieve broadband-tunable microwave nonreciprocal isolation by introducing multiple modulated pump signals, thereby extending conventional single-mode magnon-based nonreciprocal transmission to multi-channel and broadband regimes. The core approach involves exciting multiple PIMs in a cavity magnonics system and enabling their strong coupling with BIC, generating hybrid modes with pronounced nonreciprocal characteristics. The experimental setup comprises a 1-millimeter-diameter yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere positioned at the node of a microwave resonator (central frequency: 2.92 GHz), with pump signals injected through a microwave patch antenna. By dynamically tuning the frequency, power, and number of pump signals, we demonstrate precise control over the number of nonreciprocal isolation channels and their spectral positions. Notably, continuous tuning of the nonreciprocal bandwidth was achieved by increasing the number of pump signals from 2 to 5, expanding the isolation bandwidth from 6 MHz to 14 MHz. Furthermore, by tailoring the spectral distribution of pump signals, the system realizes flexible switching between bandpass and band-stop isolation states. Importantly, this method eliminates the need for static magnetic field adjustments or structural reconfiguration, relying solely on coherent microwave-photon interactions to modulate PIM-BIC coupling. Experimental results highlight two key physical outcomes: (1) Extension of conventional single-mode magnonic nonreciprocal transmission to multi-channel and broadband-tunable regimes; (2) Achieving microwave nonreciprocal control without the need for static magnetic field adjustments or structural reconfiguration. These advances establish a robust platform for designing reconfigurable multi-channel isolators and circulators, with direct applications in microwave communication systems, quantum information processing, and radar technologies.
Enhanced sensing of 3.4 GHz microwave in multi-level Rydberg atomic system
Authors: XUE Jingjing  , LI Ruonan  , HU Xuesong  , SUN Peisheng  , ZHOU HaiTao  , ZHANG Junxiang  ,   1 School of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;,   2 School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
Published: February 2025

The Rydberg-based microwave detection is an all-optical technology via using strong coherent interaction between Rydberg atoms and microwave field. Different from the traditional microwave meter, the Rydberg atomic sensing is a new-type microwave detector that transfers the microwave into a coherent optical spectrum, and attracts the rising interests due to its high sensibility. For this kind of sensor, the coherent effect induced by the coupling of atoms with microwave plays the key role, and the underline decoherence may decreases the sensitivity. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate a multi-level Rydberg atomic scheme with optimized quantum coherence that enhance both of the bandwidth and sensitivity for 4GHz microwave sensing. Using Optical pumping at D1 line, we show the enhanced quantum coherence of Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and microwave induced Autler-Townes（AT） splitting in EIT Windows. Based on the enhanced EIT-AT spectrum, the enhanced sensitivity at 3.4GHz with 0.3GHz bandwidth can be realized. The experimental results show that in the stepped Rydberg EIT system, the spectral width of EIT and microwave field EIT-AT can be narrowed by OP, so the sensitivity of microwave electric field measurement can be improved. After optimizing the EIT amplitude and adding single-frequency microwaves, the sensitivity of the microwave electric field measurement observed by the A-T splitting interval was improved by 1.3 times. This work provides a reference for the application of atomic microwave detection.
Deep learning-based novel ensemble method with best score transferred-adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system for energy consumption prediction
Authors: Dağkurs Birce , Atacak İsmail
Published: February 2025

Background

Energy consumption predictions for smart homes and cities benefit many from homeowners to energy suppliers, allowing homeowners to understand and manage their future energy consumption, improve energy efficiency, and reduce energy costs. Predictions can help energy suppliers effectively distribute energy on demand. Therefore, from the past to the present, numerous methods have been conducted using collected data, employing both statistical and artificial intelligence (AI)-based approaches, to achieve successful energy consumption predictions.

Methods

This study proposes a deep learning-based novel ensemble (DLBNE) method with the best score transferred-adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (BST-ANFIS) as a high-performance and robust approach for energy consumption prediction. The proposed method uses deep learning (DL)-based algorithms, including convolutional neural networks (CNN), recurrent neural networks (RNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), bidirectional long short-term memory (BI-LSTM), and gated recurrent units (GRUs) as base predictors. The BST-ANFIS architecture combines the individual outcomes of these predictors. In order to build a robust and dynamic prediction model, the interaction between the base predictors and the ANFIS architecture is achieved using a best score transfer approach. The performance of the proposed method in energy consumption prediction was verified through five DL methods, five machine learning (ML) methods, and a DL-based weighted average (DLBWA) ensemble method.

Results

In experimental studies, the results were obtained from three-stage analyses: fold, average, and periodic performance analyses. In fold analyses, the proposed method, in terms of the root mean square error (RMSE) metric, demonstrated better performance in four folds on the Internet of Things (IoT)-based smart home (IBSH) dataset, two in the homestead city electricity consumption (HCEC) dataset, and two in the individual household power consumption (IHPC) dataset compared to the other methods. In the average performance analyses, it showed significantly higher performance than the other methods in all metrics for the IBSH and IHPC datasets, and in metrics except the mean absolute error (MAE) metric for the HCEC dataset. The performance results in terms of RMSE, MAE, mean square error (MSE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) metrics from these analyses were obtained as 0.001531, 0.001010, 0.0000031, and 0.001573 for the IBSH dataset; 0.025208, 0.005889, 0.001884, and 0.000137 for the HCEC dataset; and 0.013640, 0.006572, 0.000356, and 0.000943 for the IHPC dataset, respectively. The results of the 120-h periodic analyses also showed that the proposed method yielded a better prediction result than the other methods. Furthermore, a comparison of the proposed method with similar studies in the literature revealed that it demonstrated competitive performance in relation to the methods employed in those studies.
Effect of water-based aerobic training on anthropometric, biochemical, cardiovascular, and explosive strength parameters in young overweight and obese women: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ben Cheikh Imen , Marzouki Hamza , Selmi Okba , Cherni Bilel , Bouray Siwar , Bouhlel Ezdine , Bouassida Anissa , Knechtle Beat , Chen Yung-Sheng
Published: February 2025

Background

Obesity is a major health concern that raises the risk of chronic illnesses such as heart disease, diabetes, and metabolic disorders. Traditional workouts such as running or walking can be difficult for overweight individuals due to the heavy impact on joints, which causes discomfort and the possibility of injury. Water-based exercises offer a low-impact alternative that overweight people may find more tolerable. There is minimal research on the specific effects of structured water aerobic exercise on health markers in young overweight and obese women, despite the acknowledged benefits of physical activity for weight control and overall health. This study aimed to assess the effects of 10-week water-based aerobic training (thrice a week) on anthropometric, biochemical, cardiovascular parameters, and explosive strength in young overweight and obese women.

Methods

In a randomized controlled trial with a pre-to-post testing design, twenty-seven young overweight and obese women (age: 27 ± 1 years; body mass index (BMI) = 30.0 ± 3.1) were randomly assigned into experimental (EG: performing a water-based aerobic training, n = 16) or control (CG: maintaining their usual activities during the intervention, n = 11) groups. The pre- and post-intervention participants were assessed for their anthropometrics (body height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat and circumferences), biochemical (fasting glycemia, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG)), cardiovascular parameters (resting blood pressure and resting heart rate (RHR)), and explosive strength of upper and lower limbs.

Results

EG showed reductions in body weight, BMI, %BF, fasting glycemia, and TG, along with improvements in HDL-C, LDL-C, RHR, and explosive strength (all p < 0.05; effect size (ES) = 0.180–1.512, trivial to large). In contrast, CG exhibited increases in body weight, BMI, fasting glycemia, LDL-C, and RHR (all p < 0.05; ES = 0.127–0.993, trivial to large), with no significant changes observed in other measured variables. EG showed superior post-test results in fasting glycemia (p < 0.0001; ES = 2.559, large), LDL-C (p < 0.0001; ES = 0.971, large), and explosive strength measures (0.003 ≤ p < 0.0001; ES = 1.145–1.311, large) compared to the CG.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate that water-based aerobic training could be a useful program to enhance anthropometric, biochemical, cardiovascular, and explosive strength parameters in young overweight and obese women compared to inactive persons.
Study on SARS-CoV-2 infection in middle-aged and elderly population infected with hepatitis virus: a cohort study in a rural area of northeast China
Authors: Pan Yuchen , Jia Zhifang , Yu Xinyi , Lv Haiyong , Zhang Yangyu , Wu Yanhua , Jiang Jing
Published: February 2025

Background

To investigate the symptoms, the level of antibody, the progression of liver disease after SARS-CoV-2 infection in middle-aged and elderly population infected with hepatitis virus.

Methods

The study was based on a cohort of high-risk liver cancer and the participants was recruited in April 2023. Blood sample were collected and information was obtained through questionnaires. Data on reinfection was obtained by follow-up until July 31, 2023. The SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing antibody and IgG were measured.

Results

A total of 599 participants infected with hepatitis virus were included and the mean age was 61.3 ± 7.4 years. The SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was 94.7%. Among the infected, 132 were asymptomatic, 435 were symptomatic, no severe cases occurred. Four months after infection, no difference was in liver function and aMAP score between the infected and uninfected. The infected had higher seropositivity rates of both antibodies than the uninfected (neutralizing antibody: uninfected: 93.7%, infected: 99.6%; IgG: uninfected: 59.4%, infected: 98.9%). The levels of both antibodies in the symptomatic were higher than those the asymptomatic and the uninfected (neutralizing antibody: uninfected: 0.75 AU/mL, asymptomatic: 15.46 AU/mL, symptomatic: 24.76 AU/mL; IgG: uninfected: 15.10 AU/mL, asymptomatic: 263.84 AU/mL, symptomatic: 291.83 AU/mL). By July 31, 2023, the incidence of reinfection was 17.5%.

Conclusions

Although the infection rate of SARS-CoV-2 was high, no severe cases occurred. Omicron infection may not aggravate progression of hepatitis. Four months after infection, the population showed high positivity rate in neutralizing antibody and IgG. Monitoring of virus mutations and targeted prevention and care strategies is crucial for vulnerable populations.
Unveiling the Spectrum: Case Series on Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Variations in Second Trimester Foetal Autopsies
Authors: Saminathan Suganya , Vasuki AK Manicka , Govindarajan Amudha
Published: February 2025

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) is a developmental defect characterised by abnormal diaphragm formation, leading to the herniation of abdominal contents into the thoracic cavity. CDH occurs in approximately 1 in 2,500 live births and can significantly affect pulmonary development and overall foetal health. The present series aimed to document the spectrum of presentations observed in second-trimester autopsies, which may aid in understanding the variability of the condition and its implications for foetal outcomes. Presentations of CDH were observed in three foetuses with gestational ages ranging from 14 to 28 weeks. Among the three CDH cases discussed, each presented a different type: one was bilateral CDH, one was left-sided CDH and one was right-sided CDH. The first specimen exhibited bilateral CDH of Bochdalek’s type on the right, with an absent hemi-diaphragm on the left. The foetus had massive herniation of abdominal contents into the right-side of the thoracic cavity, resulting in a significant mediastinal shift to the left. The second specimen displayed left-sided Bochdalek’s type of CDH, which was associated with herniation of the intestinal loops into the left-side of the thoracic cavity, resulting in a mediastinal shift to the right. The third specimen presented right-sided Morgagnian type of CDH, where only a small portion of the left lobe of the liver had herniated into the thoracic cavity and there was no mediastinal shift. The variability in presentations of CDH in the present case series underscores the complexity of the condition. Factors influencing outcomes include the timing of the hernia diagnosis, the degree of lung hypoplasia and the presence of associated anomalies. The identification of CDH through ultrasound allows for better prenatal counseling and management strategies for affected pregnancies.
Intubating Conditions and First Pass Success Rate with Low Dose Rocuronium during Rapid Sequence Intubation: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Johnson Jerin Miriam , Maprani Jobin Jose , John Fred , Paulson Sandra , Vijay Vaisakh R
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Emergency Rapid Sequence Intubation (RSI) aims to reduce complications such as pulmonary aspiration, prolonged intubation with hypoxia and the occurrence of a crash airway, while making rapid intubation safer and easier. Rocuronium, a non depolarising muscle relaxant with a prolonged neuromuscular blockade, was used to create “Modified RSI.” The first-pass success rates of rocuronium in the Indian population have not been extensively studied. Therefore, investigations in adult patients are essential to link it to an anticipated troublesome airway.

Aim: To determine the first-pass success rates in patients needing RSI and to investigate whether paralysis with a low dosage of rocuronium provides clinically acceptable intubating conditions.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out involving all adult patients admitted to the Department of Emergency Medicine, Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala, India, from March 2021 to November 2022, who required emergent intubation. The vital signs of every adult patient who arrived at the ED were monitored and categorised appropriately. Basic resuscitation techniques were administered to unstable patients. Informed consent was obtained and patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were grouped. Data were gathered using a standard data collection form. The arithmetic mean, standard deviation, or median value were used to convey quantitative data, whereas proportions were used to express qualitative factors. Fisher’s-exact test was employed to test associations between qualitative factors, while the t-test was used to examine the relationship between qualitative and quantitative data.

Results: The mean age of the study participants was 64.30±14.49 years. A low dose of rocuronium (0.3 mg/kg) produced the best intubation conditions. Fisher’s exact test indicated that patients with good/easy intubating conditions had a failure rate of 5% and 8.1% at 60 and 90 seconds, respectively, while patients with challenging intubation settings had a failure rate of 100% at both time points. With a p-value of <0.001, the association between the intubating conditions at 60 and 90 seconds and the success rate of intubation on the first attempt was determined to be statistically significant.

Conclusion: The present study concluded that a dose of 0.3 mg/kg of rocuronium produced satisfactory laryngeal relaxation, increasing the success rate of intubation on the first attempt.
Microbial Contamination of Computer Components in Healthcare Administrative Offices: A Cross-sectional Study in Benghazi’s Pediatric Hospital
Authors: Mohamed Huda , Solyman Muna Salem M. , Salh Abreka , Abd-alwafi Asma , Almsalaty Esra , Alshaeri Salha
Published: February 2025

Background: Microbial contamination of administrative offices in healthcare settings plays an important role in the spread of infection among patients, visitors, and healthcare workers as a result of a deficiency of cleaning and disinfection practices.
Aim: To evaluate the rate of microbial infection of computer components at Pediatrics Hospital in Benghazi.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 21 administrative offices at a pediatric hospital in Benghazi from September to November 2021. The data was collected by taking samples (swabs) and using a multiple-choice questionnaire; it included 50 samples, and all the data was analyzed by SPSS software.
Results: The highest contamination rate was observed on keyboards (69.2%), followed by the mice (66.7%). Desks showed a lower contamination rate, suggesting that handheld devices may act as primary reservoirs for microbial transmission. The most commonly isolated microorganism was Staphylococcus albus (40%), a coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species known for its role as an opportunistic pathogen, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. On the other hand, it indicated that 76% of workers said they use alcohol to disinfect their computers, and 52% of them stated they clean their computers in the morning. The high contamination levels suggest that disinfection protocols may be inadequate or inconsistently applied. No significant associations were found between microbial contamination and workers’ age, qualification level, or gender.
Conclusion: The findings highlight a concerning level of microbial contamination in the administrative offices of the pediatric hospital, underscoring the urgent need to apply essential precautionary measures to reduce the spread of the infection.
The Therapy of Diseases Using Phylloplane Bacteria
Authors: Narsing L. P. , Kandoriya P. J. , Kansara S. S. , Chopada G. B. , Patel Mittal I. , Divyashree  , Joshi Rahul L.
Published: February 2025

Pathogens and pests account for 20 % to 30 % of global crop yield losses. To maintain a sufficient and constant production, we rely on chemical crop protection and growth-promoting goods like pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers. Many of these chemical compounds endanger human health and the environment, driving a demand for safer alternatives. A viable alternative is the use of microbial-based treatments to protect crops from disease. Although the word "biocontrol" includes eukaryotic biocontrol agents such as yeasts, fungi, beneficial insects, and other nonmicrobial pests, this review focuses on Phyllospheric bacteria. We employ this interpretation of a phyllospheric bacteria because it not only focuses on antagonizing the pathogen, However, it also focuses on boosting plant health. Furthermore, this definition enables for comparisons between probiotic and biocontrol research. We will look at how bacteria target microbial infections. The phyllosphere or above-ground surface of plants is a complex environment in which microorganisms and the host plant interact intensively to form unique, yet dynamic, communities. Microbial communities live on both the plant's external surfaces (epiphytes) and inside regions (endophytes), and they play a key role in disease resistance. Pathogens frequently go through an epiphytic phase before penetrating a plant cell or the apoplast. Unless otherwise stated, this review focuses on biocontrol agent applications to the leaves.
Assessment of Soils Water Erosion in the Department of Vélingara by Application of the RUSLE Model
Authors: Ndiaye Dethié , Diallo Mamadou C. , Dieye Alioune B. , Dieng Ndimlé , Thiam Fatoumata Z.
Published: February 2025

In Senegal, water erosion poses a serious risk to the productivity and quality of agricultural land. This study aims to assess soil water erosion in the Vélingara department by applying the RUSLE model to estimate soil losses. According to the results, losses vary between 0 to 64 tons/ha/year, with an average of 0.51 tons/ha/year. 99% of areas have losses of less than 5 tons per hectare per year, which is relatively modest for the majority of the territory. However, some areas in the east of the department, close to the Gambie and Koulountou rivers, have greater losses (>20 tons/ha/year). The comparison between the RUSLE model soil loss map prediction and field data showed a significant impact on erosion processes due to the topography and the hydrographic network. This study contributes to decision-making and the development of more effective policies in soil management.
Redeveloping Bursitis from a Polymorphic View: Definitions, Types, Treatments and State of the Art
Authors: Silva Ana Carolina Pantoja da , Cavalcante Evelyn Cardoso , Viegas Ingrid Ione Sodré , Almeida Paula Viviane dos Santos Jorge de , Martins Ana Celeste Reis , Sousa Alessandra Jaques da Silva , Monteiro Dayane Dias , Maia Richard Praxedes , Lima Vitor Hugo Auzier
Published: February 2025

This study proposed a comprehensive review on the subject of bursitis, an inflammatory condition of the synovial bursae that is often overlooked or underestimated. A literature review investigated the definitions, types, treatments and state of the art of bursitis and provided an up-to-date overview for health professionals and researchers. With this in mind, the general objective was to comprehensively investigate and describe bursitis, including definitions, types, treatments and the current state of the art. The specific objectives were to identify the different types of bursitis and their distinctive characteristics; to analyze the methods of diagnosing and assessing bursitis; to review the treatment options available, including conservative and surgical approaches; and to examine the current state of research and future prospects in the field of bursitis. The methodology used was a qualitative, bibliographical, and exploratory study of the Integrative Literature Review (ILR) type. The results showed that repetitive trauma, infections, rheumatic diseases and other underlying conditions were among the factors contributing to the development of bursitis. Different types of bursitis were identified, each with different clinical characteristics and therapeutic approaches. Diagnostic methods range from simple clinical examinations to advanced imaging modalities such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. As for treatments, there has been a growing trend towards conservative approaches such as physiotherapy, although surgery is still considered in severe cases.
Effect of Sea Weeds Saps on Growth Yield and Economics of Sesamum
Authors: Kumar B. Rajendra , Ramesh G. , Roy G S , UpendraRao A.
Published: February 2025

A field experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Yelamanchili with nine treatments comprised of T1- 2.5 % K Sap + RDF, T2- 5 % K Sap + RDF, T3- 10 % K Sap + RDF, T4- 15 % K Sap + RDF, T5- 2.5 % G Sap + RDF, T6- 5 % G Sap + RDF, T7- 10 % G Sap + RDF, T8- 15 % G Sap + RDF, T9- Control only RDF (With water spray) to identify suitable sea weed sap and concentration for obtaining higher yields in sesamum. The experimental results on growth parameters like Plant height, number of branches, LAI and crop growth rate revealed that significant improvement in these parameters was observed with spraying G Sap and K-Sap at 2.5 to 15 % concentrations. The maximum values of growth parameters was recorded with 10% G Sap spraying followed by K-Sap at 10% Conc. Followed by and G-Sap and K-Sap at 5% Concentration. The number of capsules higher with 5 % K Sap + RDF followed by 10 % G Sap + RDF and 5 % G Sap + RDF. The highest sesamum yield was recorded with 10% G-sap (325 kg/ha) followed by 10% K-Sap (314 Kg/ha), which were significantly superior over rest of all other treatments. Highest gross returns, net returns and BC ratio was recorded with 10 % G Sap and 10%K-Sap. The study can be concluded as along with recommended dose of fertilizers spraying G Sap or K-Sap of sea weeds at 10 concentrations is required for realizing higher seed yield and returns in sesamum.
Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Rainfall and Temperature Trend of Kagina River Catchment, India
Authors: Premkumara  , Kulkarni Prasad S. , Satishkumar U. , Kambale Janardan B. , Reddy B.S. , Kulkarni Shyamrao
Published: February 2025

Change poses a significant challenge, causing notable variations in temperature and precipitation patterns worldwide. This study analyzes the rainfall and temperature trends over the Kagina river catchment in India for a 42-year period (1981–2022) to assess the spatial and temporal impacts of climate change in the region. Changes in annual, seasonal and monthly rainfall and temperature patterns were investigated using statistical analysis and the non-parametric Mann-Kendall (MK) test. The analysis revealed that annual rainfall in the catchment averaged 863.25 mm, with a minimum of 501.62 mm and a maximum of 1425.71 mm. While most months exhibited weak to moderate trends, only the post-monsoon season showed a statistically significant increasing trend (τ=0.213, p=0.049). Annual rainfall exhibited a weak positive trend (τ=0.108, p=0.319) but was not statistically significant. Temperature analysis indicated a significant rise in maximum temperature (Tmax) during January, August, November, December, the post-monsoon season and annually. Minimum temperature (Tmin) showed a significant increasing trend in August and annually. Overall, Tmax exhibited more pronounced and frequent significant trends compared to Tmin. These findings highlight the effects of climate variability in the Kagina River Catchment and emphasize the need for sustainable water resource management and agricultural adaptation strategies to mitigate climate change impacts.
Augmentation of urea‐synthetic capacity by inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis in butyrate‐induced differentiated human hepatocytes
Authors: Yoon Jung-Hwan , Lee Hyo-Suk , Kim Tae Hun , Woo Gwang Hoon , Kim Chung Yong
Published: July 2002

We have recently developed an in vitro differentiation model of immortalized non‐transformed human hepatocytes using butyrate, and observed the induction of inducible NO synthase (iNOS). In this study, we analyzed the effect of NO on the urea‐synthetic capacity of these cells. The inhibition of iNOS during butyrate treatment significantly increased the urea‐synthetic capacity as compared to that of butyrate treatment alone, possibly through the further induction of ornithine transcarbamylase expression. Therefore, the inhibition of NO production might be useful for obtaining more differentiated hepatocytes in the process of in vitro induction of hepatocyte‐specific differentiation.
Characterization of NPY receptors controlling lipolysis and leptin secretion in human adipocytes
Authors: Serradeil-Le Gal Claudine , Lafontan Max , Raufaste Danielle , Marchand Jean , Pouzet Brigitte , Casellas Pierre , Pascal Marc , Maffrand Jean-Pierre , Le Fur Gérard
Published: July 2002

In order to characterize neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptors present in human adipocytes, we used selective ligands together with specific molecular probes able to recognize the different NPY receptor subtypes. RT‐PCR experiments revealed the presence of Y1 receptor transcripts with Y4 and Y5 and absence of Y2 signals. Binding studies, using selective radioiodinated ligands, detected a high number (B
max=497±124 fmol/mg protein) of a high affinity binding site only with [125I]peptide YY (PYY) and [125I](Leu31,Pro34)PYY. These sites exhibited a typical Y1 profile as indicated by the rank order of affinity of NPY analogs and the high affinity of two selective NPY receptor antagonists, SR120819A and BIBP3226. In [35S]GTPγS binding experiments, PYY activation was totally inhibited by SR120819A and BIBP3226. Both compounds antagonized, with similar efficiency, the antilipolytic effect exerted by NPY in isolated adipocytes. Finally, PYY and Y1 ligands enhanced adipocyte leptin secretion, an effect totally prevented by SR120819A. Thus, highly expressed in human adipocytes, the Y1 receptor sustains the strong antilipolytic effect of NPY and exerts a positive action on leptin secretion.
Effects of Glycerol on β‐Lactamase Production during High Cell Density Cultivation of Recombinant Escherichia coli
Authors: Kwon Soonjo , Kim Sungsoo , Kim Eunki
Published: July 2002

Recombinant Escherichia coli was cultured up to OD600 90 with glycerol fed by the DO‐STAT method to produce recombinant β‐lactamase. Optimum feeding and induction conditions were determined. When glycerol was maintained at a high concentration (40−50 g/L) after isopropyl thiogalactoside (IPTG) induction at OD600 75, a 2‐fold increase in the amount of soluble β‐lactamase was obtained. Similarly, a 3‐fold increase was obtained by the addition of NaCl (0.4 M) at low glycerol concentration (10 g/L).
Bulk Acoustic Wave Bacterial Growth Sensor Applied to Analysis of Antimicrobial Properties of Tea
Authors: Yao Shouzhuo , Tan Huwei , Zhang Hong , Su Xiaoli , Wei Wanzhi
Published: July 2002

A bulk acoustic wave (BAW) bacterial growth sensor has been proposed for study of inhibitory effects of tea by continuous monitoring of disturbances in Proteus growth in the aqueous extracts of various teas, e.g. green tea, Fuzhuan brick tea, Oolong tea, Kudin tea, and black tea. The kinetic parameters, e.g. asymptote (A), maximum specific growth rate (μm), lag time (λ), and generation time (g), accurately estimated by using the growth response model, have been first used to characterize antimicrobial properties of tea. All of the parameters were changed via the inhibitory effects by tea. Green tea gives the weakest inhibitory action while others show stronger inhibitory actions. These inhibitory effects have also been examined by using the pour plate count technique. Both of the results show that, in addition to the antimicrobial properties of tea polyphenols and catechins, etc., the inhibitory effects may be attributed to the metabolites produced during the fermentation processing of these teas except green tea. The conventional disk diffusion test has been used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against P. rettgeri. The MICs of green tea, Fuzhuan brick tea, Oolong tea, and black tea were found to be 1113, 818.0, 681.2, and 510.4 μg/mL, respectively. The BAW bacterial growth sensor has shown to have advantages over other techniques, including the disk diffusion test, photometry, and the impedance method.
Catalytic Upgrading of Fermentation‐Derived Organic Acids
Authors: Varadarajan Sriram , Miller Dennis J.
Published: July 2002

The production of organic acids in low‐cost, high‐efficiency fermentation processes makes available a new route to chemical production from biomass. Because of their multiple functional groups and high reactivity, organic acids can undergo a variety of reactions that are effectively catalyzed by inorganic heterogeneous or homogeneous catalysts. Lactic acid and succinic acid, in particular, are approaching large‐scale production via fermentation and show excellent promise as feedstocks for catalytic conversion routes such as hydrogenation, dehydration, or condensation. A number of catalytic conversion pathways of organic acids are potentially competitive with petroleum‐based routes in the current economic environment, particularly when integrated into existing biomass/crop processing schemes. This article reviews some of the key reaction pathways available using fermentation‐derived organic acids as feedstocks and presents recent results from the authors' lab on succinate hydrogenation to 1,4‐butanediol and tetrahydrofuran. By a judicious choice of support properties and reaction conditions, it is possible to achieve yields of either of these two products in excess of 80%.
Estimation of the deamidation rate of asparagine side chains
Authors: Capasso S.
Published: July 2002

Abstract:Statistical analysis of data from the literature concerning the deamidation reaction of asparagine side‐chains in short peptides reveals that the logarithm of rate constants can be solved into a constant plus contributions from the residues closest to asparagine. A table of amino acid contributions has been derived, from which deamidation rate constants can be estimated with good approximation. Assuming the contribution of glycine to be zero, the mean of the absolute values of the contributions for the residues following aspagine is approximatley seven times that for the preceding residues. In both positions residues with no bulk side chains or with functional side groups contribute markedly to the increase in the rate constant.