bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Preterm Infant for Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Authors: Ellison R. Curtis , Peckham George J. , Lang Peter , Talner Norman S. , Lerer Trudy J. , Lin Lillian , Dooley Kenneth J. , Nadas Alexander S.
Published: December 2021

As a first step in a multicenter, collaborative project to study the role of indomethacin in the management of patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants, a diagnostic scheme was developed, on an a priori basis, by a consensus of the participating neonatologists and pediatric cardiologists. The scheme, which utilizes clinical and noninvasive findings, was designed to detect infants with a "hemodynamically significant" patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Among 1,689 infants with birth weight less than 1,750 g who were monitored during the first year of the study, 342 (20.2%) met the criteria for PDA. Rates were higher for smaller infants (42% with birth weight <1,000 g) than for larger infants (7% with birth weight 1,500 to 1,750 g). Although study protocol did not require a direct procedure to confirm the diagnosis of PDA, a marked decrease in the presence of most criteria was noted following surgical ligation of the ductus. Although the echocardiographic criterion (ratio of left atrium to aorta [LA/Ao]≥1.15) proved to have a low specificity for PDA, the data suggest that the overall scheme led to a very low rate of false-positive diagnosis. Following the application of the scheme for 1 year at 13 clinical centers, it has been shown to be a highly acceptable means of detecting infants with PDA.
Neonatal Septicemia and Meningitis Due to Plesiomonas shigelloides
Authors: Pathak Ambadas , Custer Joseph R. , Levy Josef
Published: December 2021

A case of neonatal septicemia and meningitis due to Plesiomonas shigelloides in a 2-day-old infant is reported. Presentation was similar to septicemia and meningitis caused by other Gram-negative organisms. This organism was correctly identified by employing oxdiase reaction and other chemical reactions. Two previously reported cases are reviewed.
Aspirin and Reye Syndrome—Statement Challenged
Authors: FULGINITI VINCENT A.
Published: December 2021

In Reply.—

Burke is not alone in his concerns and queries concerning our Committee's report. I can only repeat that our Committee made an attempt to offer a rational and reasoned recommendation concerning antipyretic use in children, a recommendation with which not everyone agrees. We examined the data from the Ohio, Michigan, and Arizona studies, reviewed the use of antipyretics in general, and formulated our opinion. To repeat, medication to reduce fever is overused; it has become a reflex action among lay and professional persons.
Worms in Diaper
Authors: RUTTNER NORMAN
Published: December 2021

To the Editor.—

This brief report of a series of cases seen during the past few years might enlighten us with regard to an interesting and possibly obscure clinical phenomenon. My pediatric practice is in an area of New York City with many Russian and Hispanic immigrants, so when a mother reported that she had seen many worms in her infant's stool, I was not surprised. They were described as white, thick, wiggly, and approximately 1 cm in length.
Neonatal Seizures
Authors: FREEMAN JOHN M.
Published: December 2021

In Reply.—

Coen is correct. Seizures are a sign of CNS disorders, and adequate diagnosis and appropriate specific therapy are always indicated. However, as our study showed, most seizures occurring during the first three or four days of life are related to hypoxia and/or asphyxia and there is no specific therapy. Whether seizures per se cause brain damage in humans remains a matter of debate. Whether the problem of anticonvulsant effect on neurons is of significance in vivo remains to be proven.
The Rockets' Red Glare, the Bombs Bursting in Air: Fireworks-related Injuries to Children
Authors: Smith Gary A. , Knapp Jane F. , Barnett Theodore M. , Shields Brenda J.
Published: December 2021

Objective. To describe the epidemiology of fireworks-related injuries to children treated in a pediatric emergency department.

Design. A descriptive study of a consecutive series of patients.

Setting. The emergency department of a large urban children's hospital.

Participants. Children treated for injuries associated with fireworks during the 22-year period from 1972 through 1993.

Results. Three hundred sixteen children were treated for fireworks-related injuries. Ninety-five percent of patients were injured during the 3-week period of June 22 to July 14 during the study years. Seventy-one percent of patients were male, and the average age was 8.5 years, with a range of 1 month to 17 years. The child was a bystander in 26% of cases, and adult supervision was present in 54% of cases. One patient died, and 11% of children required admission to the hospital, with an average length of stay of 7.8 days (range, 1 to 37 days). Fifteen children (5%) went to the operating room for treatment of injuries. Thirty-three patients (10%) had permanent sequelae from their injuries, including 7 children (2%) with complete or partial loss of vision in one eye. The eyes were injured in 29% of cases, followed by hands and fingers (22%), other head and face sites (18%), and lower extremities (16%). The primary injury was a burn in 72% of cases. Firecrackers were associated with 42% of injuries, followed by bottle rockets (12%), other types of rockets (7%), Roman candles (11%), sparklers (7%), fountains (5%), jumping jacks (4%), and class B (illegal) fireworks (4%). Sixty-seven percent of sparklerrelated injuries occurred among children 5 years and younger (Fisher's exact test, P = .000002; odds ratio [OR] = 10.00, 95% confidence interval 3.52 < OR < 29.24).
Changing the US Polio Immunization Schedule Would Be Bad Public Health Policy
Authors: Judelsohn Richard
Published: December 2021

Last October, a 10-member advisory committee to the United States (US) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) voted to change the US government's well-established polio immunization policy. The current polio immunization schedule, consisting of a regimen of four doses of oral poliovaccine (OPV), is widely credited with effectively eradicating polio in the US and the western hemisphere. In fact, the last naturally occurring case of polio occurred in the US in 1979 and in the western hemisphere in 1991.

Because OPV contains a live but weakened virus, it has, on very rare occasions, been associated with paralytic polio. In the hope of preventing some of the 8 to 10 cases of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) diagnosed each year, the CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) has recommended a combined immunization schedule of two doses of inactivated polio virus (IPV), which is delivered by injection, followed by two doses of OPV.
Tuberculosis Skin Testing: New Schools of Thought
Authors: Starke Jeffrey R.
Published: December 2021

In the past 10 years, I have cared for more than 500 children and adolescents with tuberculosis. Only one of them—an asymptomatic 5-year-old with mild hilar adenopathy—was discovered via a school skintesting program, although since 1990, the Houston Independent School District has required all new entrants to have a tuberculin skin test. During the last 5 years, the number of children in Houston with tuberculosis has increased. School-based skin testing has neither found many active cases nor prevented their occurrence.

At first glance, requiring all schoolchildren to have a tuberculin skin test seems to be a reasonable response to the desire to promote prevention of a potentially serious and still prevalent disease.
Unapproved Uses of Approved Drugs: The Physician, the Package Insert, and the Food and Drug Administration: Subject Review
Authors:   Committee on Drugs
Published: December 2021

Physicians who prescribe a new drug that has not been approved for a specific indication or a specific age group frequently find themselves in a quandary. Physicians who prescribe "old," time-honored drugs usually do not consult the package insert or search for US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval. This statement was written to clarify the legal and informational status of the package insert and the role of the FDA in approving or not approving drugs for specific indications or specific age groups. The unapproved use of approved drugs, or so-called "off-label" use, is extremely prevalent among physicians who care for children. It is important that such use of compounds be brought up to date with current FDA policies and to emphasize the responsibility of the prescribing physician in the use of these compounds.
Letter To The Editor
Authors: Berlin Cheston M. , Banner William
Published: December 2021

We appreciate the information from Rhoads and Rogan regarding the treatment of lead-exposed children (TLC) trial that will include children down to a blood lead of 20 µg/dL. The issue of thresholds for detectable effects of lead remains controversial and is less relevant in the face of the purpose of this trial: ie, will the benefits of treatment outweigh the risks associated with chelation therapy? This large-scale trial using body surface area will be useful to demonstrate any benefit of that approach over weight-based calculations.
"Back to Sleep" Program
Authors: Johnson C. Merle , Coletta Frances A. , Hether Nicholas , Cotter Richard
Published: December 2021

Both retrospective and risk factor studies1-5 have shown that infants who sleep in the prone position increase their risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). These data compelled the American Academy of Pediatrics in 1992 to recommend that parents avoid letting infants sleep in the prone position.6 Subsequent research demonstrated a drop in both prone sleeping and SIDS.7-9 These outcomes resulted in a renewal of the recommendation in 1994).10,11 Recent survey data indicate that pediatricians and family physicians are less likely to recommend the prone position9-14 and that prone sleeping has decreased from 74% to 58% for infants over 1 month of age.8-11
Cooperação e escassez
Authors: Lima Flora Moara , Sapori Luis Flavio , Ribeiro Ludmila Mendonça Lopes
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é compreender como funciona o fluxo do sistema de justiça criminal para o homicídio doloso. Os estudos brasileiros destacam a existência de um sistema frouxamente acoplado, sublinhando que a disjunção entre os órgãos encarregados de investigar e processar esse crime seria decorrente da dificuldade de forjar cooperação. A hipótese a ser testada é que, em uma cidade de médio porte, haveria maior cooperação entre agentes e órgãos, o que resultaria em maior eficiência na progressão dos casos de homicídios dolosos (tentados e consumados) no fluxo do sistema de justiça. Como contraponto empírico, foram utilizados dados quantitativos e qualitativos coletados em Esmeraldas, município da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte (RMBH). Os resultados indicam que o padrão de seleção e filtragem é semelhante ao encontrado em outras análises brasileiras, nas quais o elemento determinante da cooperação é o flagrante.
Um passo além?
Authors: Silva Eliane Alves da
Published: December 2021

Este artigo discute as múltiplas utilizações do conceito de interseccionalidade no interior dos estudos voltados às desigualdades e às lutas urbanas. Por meio de uma revisão preliminar da literatura, busca-se compreender em que medida o conceito se apresenta como um plano de referência profícuo de problematização das desigualdades urbanas, para além da mera descrição ou diagnóstico da realidade. Conclui-se que, na discussão das cidades, a categoria interseccionalidade enfrenta dilemas semelhantes aos apontados nos estudos interseccionais. Enquanto práxis crítica depara-se com o risco da sobrevalorização das identidades sociais. Enquanto categoria analítica, com pretensões de orientar políticas públicas, enfrenta o desafio de fornecer elementos para sua realização. Por se tratar de tema ainda pouco explorado, o artigo levanta algumas questões que podem ser objeto de pesquisas futuras.
Can the criminalization of reproductive rights be a nationalist project?
Authors: Maia Tatiana Vargas
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this paper is to investigate a federal bill pending analysis in the Brazilian Federal Congress – the 5069/2013 bill – which seeks to criminalize further women’s capacity to control issues relating to their sexual health in the country. By analyzing this bill, as well as the political discourses surrounding its proposal and the current arguments for its approval, I seek to highlight the social and political roles attributed by it to Brazilian women, focusing on the implications of the adoption of the nationalist discourse of the bill in official state discourse, should it become law, especially with regards to what the nationalism literature refers to as the “biological and cultural reproduction of the nation,” as well as the impact that these new definitions have on Brazilian women’s citizenship.
ODOVTOS-Int. J. Dent. Sc. Research Impact Metrics
Authors: Reyes-Carmona Jessie
Published: December 2021

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State Declines in Heart Disease Mortality in the United States, 2000–2019
Authors: Sawyer Anthony , Flagg Lee Anne
Published: December 2021

This report examines changes in heart disease death rates for 2000–2019 in the United States and for all states and the District of Columbia.
A review of the effects of different feeding regimes of cows on milk fatty acids profile and antioxidant capacity
Authors: ȘANTA Anita , MIERLIȚĂ Daniel , SOCOL Claudia , DĂRĂBAN Stelian
Published: December 2021

This bibliography review analyzes the effects of different feeding regimes of cows the nutritional and sanogenic quality of milk, with a particular emphasis on milk content in functional fatty acids and non-enzymatic lipophilic antioxidants. Thus, using suitable feeding regimes of cows, fatty acid (FA) profile of milk fats can be improved by increasing the concentration in functional FA (C18:1 trans-11, vaccenic acid; C18:3 n-3, acid linolenic and C18:2 cis-9 trans-11, isomer of conjugated linoleic acid), considered as beneficial for consumer’s health. These suitable feeding regimes of cows aim using green fodder (pastures), preserving the fodder by drying or silage, supplementing the food with fats rich FA polyunsaturated (PUFA) and ensuring an optimal ratio between volume and ration concentrates. Milk yielded from grazing cows shows a considerably higher concentration of functional FA and lipophilic antioxidants (tocopherols, retinol and carotenes) and a lower content of saturated FA compared to that yielded from cows fed in shelter with TMR (total mixed ration). Also, hay-based feed rations, mainly those containing small amounts of concentrates or those supplemented with vegetable fats, ensure a milk yield with a fatty acid profile more favorable for human health and a better oxidative stability of compared to those with feed-based rations on silage or those high in concentrates.
Biological Control Using Microorganisms Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana and Lecanicillium lecanii Against Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)
Authors: BARCANU Elena , AGAPIE Ovidia , GHERASE Ion , TĂNASE Bianca , VÎNĂTORU Costel
Published: December 2021

Tuta absoluta (Meyerick) is a serious pest of tomato crop with larvae causing even 100% loss, if not effectively controlled. Native from South America, currently, it can be found throughout Europe, Africa and parts of Asia. In Romania, it was reported for first time in 2009 (Leaotă, 2009). In this study, 12 concentrations of Metarhizium anisopliae and Lecanicillium lecanii were prepared and tested on T. absoluta larvae to study the impact of entomopathogenic fungi on larvae mortality, under laboratory conditions. The results showed that only four experiments had a mortality rate of over 50% on T. absoluta larvae. The higher concentration had the highest mortality rate. Research shows that microorganisms are effective, but at very high concentrations, leading to a higher cost of production. In these conditions, we could recommend either to increase the colony forming units in the commercial products, or to enrich the crop area with beneficial microfauna before establishing the crop. The present study might be useful in developing future integrated management strategies for tomato leaf miner.
Clinical and laboratory evaluation of premature goat kids with and without antenatal corticotherapy
Authors: Braga Gabriel Isola , Alcindo Jefferson Filgueira , Narciso Luis Gustavo , Bovino Fernanda , Trein Thomas Alexander , Trevizan Juliane Teramachi , Ferraz Murilo Catelani , Feitosa Francisco Leydson Formiga
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT: This article evaluated the vital parameters, blood gas measurements, cortisol values and radiological findings of goat kids born at term and prematurely during the first 48 hours of life. For this purpose, 24 kids from 24 goats were used and assigned to groups as follows: Group I, eight kids born through cesarean sections performed at 149 days of gestation; Group II, eight kids born through cesarean sections performed at 143 days of gestation; Group III, eight kids born through cesarean sections performed at 143 days of gestation, whose mothers received 20 mg of dexamethasone. Group I had lower heart rate values than the other groups at 60 minutes after birth. In terms of temperature, there was no difference between the groups. The pH values were reduced shortly after birth, rising at 24 and 48 hours in all animals studied. In terms of the cortisol levels, the values increased significantly at birth (M0), with the highest values obtained in animals in group II. These values decreased at 48 hours after birth in the evaluated goats. The animals belonging to group I showed better radiographic aspects, and throughout the 48 hours of evaluation, all newborns exhibited adequate respiratory adaptation. It can be concluded that antenatal dexamethasone administered at 143 days of gestation did not influence neonatal viability, metabolic or radiographic parameters. The metabolic changes found are consistent with the extrauterine adaptation period that animals in this stage of life.
Zooplankton diversity in Acre state, Amazon, Brazil: an overview of previous studies
Authors: Santos Larissa Araújo dos , Silva Andressa Crystine Souza da , Pereira Pedro Paulo , Araujo Ronnilda Maria Gonçalves , Ghidini André Ricardo
Published: December 2021

Abstract: This work assesses current knowledge of zooplankton biodiversity in aquatic ecosystems of the state of Acre (Brazil). A bibliographic survey was undertaken, showing that most of the reported studies have focused on zooplankton diversity and composition. Fifteen locations have been studied. There is still a scarcity of information concerning zooplankton populations in the Amazon region. To date, 170 species of planktonic rotifers have been recorded, distributed in 26 families and 38 genera, together with 18 species of cladocerans, distributed in 8 families and 18 genera, and 4 species of copepods in 2 families and 6 genera. The results indicate the need for further research concerning the biodiversity of this group of organisms at locations in the basins of the Purus and Juruá Rivers, especially in lotic ecosystems and littoral zones, given the present lack of information and the socioeconomic importance they play in the region.
Escolha da medicina como profissão e perspectiva laboral dos estudantes
Authors: Kamijo Eduardo Delatorre , Lima Maria Victória Schweder de , Pereira Ana Paula , Bonamigo Elcio Luiz
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Introduction: Medicine is a prestigious profession, therefore, although competition for admission is fierce and studies require dedication and sacrifices, thousands of young people face the challenge of becoming doctors every year. Objective: Describe the reasons why medical school students chose Medicine as a profession and their concerns about the job perspective. Method: Quantitative descriptive and documentary research, through the application of a questionnaire with sociodemographic and specific questions. Result: A high percentage of the female gender stood out, with 63.31% of the participants. The main reasons for choosing Medicine as a profession were altruism (71.75%), financial stability (59.42%) and personal accomplishment (58.77%). However, there was a decrease in the preference for altruism during internship (p<0.01). The biggest concern after training was “Doing a good job / Being a good professional” (79.87%) and, in relation to the “job market” and “devaluation of the profession”, there was an increase in the concern during internship (p <0.001). The majority (91.92%) expressed the intention to become a specialist physician, with the specialty of Gynecology and Obstetrics being the most sought after. Regarding the way of working, 51.3% expressed the desire to be a self-employed professional, 55.52% a public or private employee and 7.92% a liberal professional. The greatest difficulty expected in the profession was competition (57.70%) and the most important requirement for professional practice was “Medicine as a means to be useful or help people” (98.38%). Regarding the feelings experienced as a student, the levels of anxiety, stress and feeling of overload were high, respectively 80.52%, 79.55% and 73.38%. Conclusion: At the beginning of the course, there is a more idealized view of Medicine and throughout the development of phases, as contact with medical practice occurs, the students better understand their difficulties and increase their concerns, especially with the job market and the devaluation of the profession, causing, in some, the reduction of the humanistic ideals that motivated the choice of the profession, an aspect to be valued by medical schools during professional training.
Fishing nets and video creation: diabetic nephropathy education on screen
Authors: Farias Ângela Paveglio Teixeira , Cáceres Morgana Vielmo , Kohl Manoela Michel , Mossmann Márcio , Dallazen Eduardo , Pontalti Isadora Rosy
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Introduction: Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases (NCDs), such as Diabetes and Hypertension are responsible for 2/3 of deaths in the world, with Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) representing the most important cause of chronic kidney disease. Health Literacy (HL) is one of the social determinants of health. To guide and expand the knowledge of patients and teams involved in the care of people with NCDs, and for a better approach to chronic complications of Diabetes and Hypertension, the development of learning objects (LO) was proposed. Experience Report: this study involved the construction of an educational video by a group of five students during the academic program of undergraduate Medical School in 2019. They proposed a guiding question in relation to DN from a theoretical material. The chosen question was: “What is the level of understanding of patients with diabetic nephropathy in relation to their own disease?”. They developed a questionnaire on diabetes and hypertension and their complications, which was answered by patients with diabetes who were treated at the specialized outpatient clinic, aiming to answer the proposed problem. They drew a synthesis from the analysis of the responses, of the possible gaps in relation to the understanding of the diseases. Then, a script was created with the description of these gaps with the medical explanation and an analogy was made with fishing nets for the video production, containing narratives, texts, audios and images. Finally, the video was presented to teachers and students in the classroom. Discussion: The characterization of the video as an LO implies constructing it as an educational component, self-sufficient, reusable and with the possibility of combining it with other LOs as new educational tools. Conclusion: The educational material was characterized as an LO. It allows pointing out aspects of the progression of DN and recommended medical orientations for the disease. It establishes a tool for group discussions and isolated actions based on succinct and evidence-based medical information. The video validation is undergoing validation for use in health services.
Associations of Readers in Socialist Countries as a Sphere of Interests of the All-Union Society of Book Lovers
Authors:   Perm State University, Matveev E. V.
Published: December 2021

The article focuses on the analysis of the relations of power and society in the USSR in the 1970s and 1980s, the history of mass voluntary organizations of the late socialism, and the studies of Soviet cultural diplomacy. The process of formation of the international activity of the All-Union Society of Book Lovers (1974–1992) is in the focus of the study. Reports on the reception and dispatch of delegations, plans for foreign partnerships, and responses to requests to Soviet ambassadors in the Eastern Bloc states became sources for the article. Collaboration with foreign organizations – associations of readers, clubs of subscribers at publishing houses, communities of bibliophiles, etc. – began with a detailed consideration of their activities. The international activity of the Society of Book Lovers included the reception of high-ranking foreign guests, sending Soviet groups to socialist countries, and participation in important events in the sphere of reading, such as international exhibitions, national weeks of books, etc. International relations were a way for the leadership of the Society of Book Lovers to present Soviet culture, a basis for comparing the principles of functioning of associations of readers, and sources for determining the position of a new mass organization within the USSR. The experience of some of the partners was marked as unsuitable for the Society of Soviet Book Lovers, as it was associated with stimulating consumption. Against this background, the book shortage was presented as a feature of the Soviet reading culture. As ambassadors of the megastructure, representatives of the Society of Book Lovers noticed any manifestations of disunity, at the same time building close relations with large centralized associations, for example, the Cultural Association of the GDR.
Potato Riots in the Trans-Urals Region as a Reflection of the Traditional Consciousness of the Russian Peasantry
Authors:   Kurgan State University, Menshchikov I. S. , Pavlutskikh T. G. ,   Kurgan State University
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the phenomenon of potato riots in the Trans-Urals region in the 1840s. Peasant unrest that engulfed the regions inhabited by state peasants cannot be understood simply as a manifestation of anti-feudal protests. Among the reasons for the revolts, rumors, discontent with local authorities, and irrational fears can also be named. The authors propose to consider these events from the point of view of the thinking of the Russian peasantry, in connection with the peculiarities of traditional culture. This approach gives a better understanding of the genesis of events, the suddenness of riots, and inexplicable cruelty in relation to fellow villagers and the clergy from a rational standpoint. Using specific examples, the authors analyze the role of rumors in the emergence of riots, the inability of the bureaucracy to understand the peculiarities of the consciousness of Siberian peasants, and the reasons for the peasants' hatred towards the rural authorities. Besides, attention is paid to the role of the rural clergy in the events. Based on a complex of historical sources, the authors try not only to reconstruct the course of events, but also to reveal the same and repeating lines of performances which occurred at different times and in different places. The riots of 1842 and 1843 took place at the same time (early spring), the rebels demanded that the authorities and the clergy show them documents on “selling them under a master”, and the refusal to demonstrate non-existent papers entailed torture and murder of clerks, country administration, and priests. Revolts were cruelly suppressed. The authors conclude that the main role in the emergence of potato riots was played by the peculiarities of the traditional type of thinking of the peasants and by the complex system of relations and contradictions in the Trans-Ural region. The unrest showed the reluctance and inability of the Russian bureaucracy to explain the essence and purpose of the innovations to the peasants.
A UFO OVER A PLANETARIUM: EPISTEMOLOGICAL PROPAGANDA AND ALTERNATIVE FORMS OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE OUTER SPACE IN THE USSR, 1940s–1960s
Authors:   University of Houston, Golubev A. V. ,   Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, Harvard University
Published: December 2021

The article examines the origins and development of narratives about historical and present-day contacts with al-ien civilizations (ufology) in the USSR after World War II. The current research literature usually interprets ufology as a form of quasi-religious and mythological thinking, yet my study of the genealogy of Soviet ufology demon-strates that the development of alternative knowledge about the outer space was a by-product of the state-sponsored propaganda of scientific knowledge. This relationship suggests that the common understanding of the public com-munication of science as a mere tool for the transfer of knowledge from experts (scholars) to the public is simplistic and misleading. By bringing together science popularizers and broad audiences in a communication chain, the postWWII Soviet mass scientific literacy campaign required the former to mater new narrative forms to appeal to the latter. The narrativization of science for its public communication means that popular science genres exist in a rhetor-ical and literary context, rather than belonging to the domain of the production and verification of scientific knowledge. This makes stories and their structural elements (plot development, internal conflict, and the hierarchy of characters) a key aspect of science communication. Consequently, a history of ufology in the post-World War II USSR serves as an illustrative case revealing how the epistemological polyphony and diversity emerged in late Sovi-et society
EQUATIONS OVER DIRECT POWERS OF ALGEBRAIC STRUCTURES IN RELATIONAL LANGUAGES
Authors:   Sobolev Institute of Mathematics SB RAS, Shevlyakov A. ,   Omsk State Technical University
Published: December 2021

For a semigroup S (group G) we study relational equations and describe all semigroups S with equationally Noetherian direct powers. It follows that any group G has equationally Noetherian direct powers if we consider G as an algebraic structure of a certain relational language. Further we specify the results as follows: if a direct power of a finite semigroup S is equationally Noetherian, then the minimal ideal Ker(S) of S is a rectangular band of groups and Ker(S) coincides with the set of all reducible elements
CHARACTERISTICS OF HADAMARD SQUARE OF SPECIAL REED — MULLER SUBCODES
Authors:   Moscow State University, Vysotskaya V. ,   JSC “NPK Kryptonite”
Published: December 2021

The existence of some structure in a code can lead to the decrease of security of the whole system built on it. Often subcodes are used to “disguise” the code as a “generallooking” one. However, the security of subcodes, whose Hadamard square is equal to the square of the original code, can be reduced to the security of this code. The paper finds the limiting conditions on the number of vectors of degree r whose removing retains this weakness for Reed — Muller subcodes and, accordingly, conditions for it to vanish. For r = 2 the exact structure of all resistant subcodes has been found. For an arbitrary code RM(r, m), the desired number of vectors to remove for providing the security has been estimated from both sides. Finally, the ratio of subcodes with Hadamard square unequal to the square of the original code has been proved to tend to zero if additional conditions on the codimension of the subcode and the parameter r are imposed and m → ∞. Thus, the implementation of checks proposed in the paper helps to immediately filter out some insecure subcodes.
MONUMENTS OF RUSSIAN ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE: EXPERIENCE OF TYPOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Edakina Daria A. , Chernyak Eduard I. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation)
Published: December 2021

The article highlights the almost unexplored issue of the classification of architectural heritage sites. The authors define architectural heritage as a complex of buildings and structures that form the surrounding space and reflect the art of creating these buildings and structures. Pursuing the goal to create a regulating system of Russian architecture monuments, the authors of the article use the architectural style as the main sign of monuments. Reliance on scientific research, written and visual sources allows identifying and characterizing large typological groups of monuments. The first group includes monuments of Russian architectural tradition, created in the period of 11th and 17th centuries on Byzantine and Italian architectural basis. The Baroque style was introduced into Russian architecture in the 18th century. It is characterizes by the magnificence and decorativeness of the details, includes columns, pilasters, sculptural decorations. About a century later, the Baroque was replaced by a style of Classicism. An obligatory element of Classicism monuments is a triangular gable, which rests on columns. Such compositional components as bays, risalitas, and balconies characterize the style. Monuments of classicism form architectural ensembles in Russian cities. The most famous of them is Palace Square in St. Petersburg. Since the mid-19th century, architectural monuments of the Eclectic style have been created. It combines elements of Gothic, Classicism, and folk Russian architecture. Wooden monuments of eclecticism, richly decorated with carvings, make the main pride of Tomsk. At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, modern architectural monuments with their characteristic asymmetry of the layout, plant decor in the design of facades are created. Under the influence of the changes brought by the Revolution of 1917, the style of Constructivism spreads in Russian architecture. In the early 1930s, the laconic Constructivism was rejected, the order system returned to the composition of the buildings. They are decorated with stucco moldings and sculptural images. For a long time unnamed, now this style is known as Soviet Neoclassicism. In the late 1950s, monuments of Soviet Neoclassicism were accused of unjustified pomp and parade. In the second half of the 20th century, the trends of Neo-Functionalism and Postmodernism prevail in Russian architecture. The regulating system of architectural monuments proposed in the article allows to characterize objects of architectural heritage, provides continuity of cultural experience.
VOLUTION OF SPATIAL-TIME PARAMETERS OF AUDIOVISUAL IMAGES IN THE PROCESS OF CREATING THE SCREEN MASTERPIECES (ON THE FACTS OF PHOTOGRAPHY, FILM, TELEVISION, VIDEO)
Authors:   Kemerovo State University (Kemerovo, Russian Federation), Guk Alexey А.
Published: December 2021

On-screen creativity is a single cultural-aesthetic system, operating with the language of visual and audiovisual images, the basic source of which is inseparably linked with such categories of reality as space and time. Their special position is determined by the fact that they are attributes of the existence of life forms and without their reflection any on-screen creativity becomes impossible. At certain stages of its historical evolution, screen creativity grew by new typical formations. The photography appeared first, then the cinema, and later on television, in the depths of which, after a while, the video was parted. Each new type at the level of space-time relations with the reality preceeding the camera formed its own special principles of screen narration. At the same time, they depended on the features of the new technological system, and on the dominant modes of visuality on an individual and collective levels. In this process, the cultural-aesthetic progress in on-screen creativity was reflected. The general logic of the relationship of the author of the screen work and the displayed reality in terms of its on-screen chronotope organization has evolved from a single, instantaneous discretization of it, to a total space-time continuity. From the author’s point of view, the more speculative picture of this process looked as follows: the photographic chronotope is characterized by a single spatial appearance of the displayed object and its temporary immobility (static); the cinematic chronotope is characterized by an editorial multiplicity of forms of the displayed object, which recreates conditional space and conditional time on the screen; the television chronotope is characterized by a simultaneous multiplicity of forms of the displayed object, which recreates the conditional space and real time on the screen; the video chronotype is characterized by a continual multiplicity of shapes of the displayed object, which recreates real space and real time on the screen. It is obvious that the evolution of screen creativity stimulated the development of new creative possibilities in terms of the spatial and temporal organization of audiovisual images, which in turn contributed to the establishment and enrichment of specific cultural aesthetic formations. Their common aspiration was focused on achieving natural integrity and authenticity in presenting life forms on the screen.
TOPICAL ISSUES OF PRESERVATION AND SALE OF ILLEGALLY FELLED TIMBER AS PHYSICAL EVIDENCE IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors:   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov (Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation), Skripchenko Nina Y.
Published: December 2021

Russia is the largest country in terms of forest area and diversity. The high liquidity of green gold, its demand on the market, especially internationally, the territorial extent, the low standard of living of the population, unemployment, contribute to the commission of crimes in the field of forest protection, among which illegal logging occupies the leading position. The adoption of strategic documents and the reform of sectoral legislation have contributed to the solution of not all problems in the sphere of forest protection and rational use of forests. Among the acute applied problems that arise in counteracting criminal encroachments on the preservation of forest and other plantations are the issues of securing and selling illegally cut timber. Thus, given the volume of illegally harvested timber, the funds received from its sale could "cover" government spending on reforestation activities. However, in practice, timber seized during criminal proceedings is sold at prices that differ significantly from the prices determined in the conclusions of experts who assessed it at the time of detection of the crime, or it is written off as illiquidity. This situation can be explained by the fact that, contrary to the provisions of the law of criminal procedure, which allows the sale of large-size physical evidence, the storage of which is difficult, at the stage of preliminary investigation, law enforcement "prefers" a sim-pler way - the resolution of this issue in the court verdict. The sluggishness of investigators leading criminal proceedings often results in timber being left at the crime scene or placed in open areas near police buildings without identification of those responsible for its preserva-tion. The lack of conditions to ensure the safety of timber results not only in its damage and deterioration, but also in its loss, including as a result of theft. Amendments to Resolution No. 21 of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the RF, dated October 18, 2012 "On application by the courts of the legislation on liability for violations in the sphere of environmental protection and use of natural resources" would contribute to solu-tion of the above problems. In particular, it is necessary to draw the attention of law enforcers to the need to promptly take measures stipulated by law to ensure the preservation and sale of illegally harvested timber, conducting all the necessary investigative actions in relation to this material evidence in order to ensure evidentiary authenticity.
Город как континуум границ. Дискуссия
Authors: Новиков Алексей Викторович , Вахштайн Виктор Семенович
Published: December 2021

Участники дискуссии обсуждают границы и разграничения в городе с социологической и географической точек зрения, привлекая множество примеров, теорий и исследований. Дискуссия выстраивается вокруг трех тем. Во-первых, как воплощается в городском пространстве различие doing и being, по-разному интерпретируемое участниками как труд и жизнь для себя или же как рутинизированное и осознанное существование. Во-вторых, проблема того, что по сравнению с действиями горожан их намерения крайне мало исследованы и трудно регистрируемы, однако играют значительную роль в развитии города, способствуя или препятствуя ему. В-третьих, переопределение оппозиции между присутствием и связью в условиях наступления виртуального пространства и обусловленные им возможные трансформации города.
Canine/feline serum or plasma deproteinization for amino acid analysis on Biochrom v1
Authors: Blake Amanda
Published: December 2021

This protocol describes the deproteinization process that all canine and feline serum and plasma research samples undergo prior to amino acid analysis with a Biochrom 30+ Amino Acid Analyzer at the Gastrointestinal Lab, Texas A&M University. L-norleucine is used as an internal standard.
Collection of GBS samples at 35-37 weeks of gestation and isolation v1
Authors: not provided lydiariver
Published: December 2021

Recto- vaginal samples collections usually practice to pregnant women because Streptococcus agalactiae a bacterial pathogen frequently carried in the normal fecal and/or vaginal flora but also is one of the most importants pathogens involve on neonates infections.
Making worm picks v1
Authors: Evans Bonnie
Published: December 2021

Making platinum wire picks for transferring C.elegans onto plates
Материалы и их поведение при сварке. Конспект лекций. Часть 1. Металлургия и металловедение сварных соединений (общие закономерности и особенности)
Authors: Зайцев А.Н.
Published: December 2021

Конспект лекций предназначен для студентов, изучающих курс «Материалы и их поведение при сварке» по направлению подготовки бакалавров 15.03.01 «Машиностроение» в высших учебных заведениях. Первая часть конспекта «Металлургия и металловедение сварных соединений (общие закономерности и особенности)» содержит необходимый материал по разделам курса, касающимся общих закономерностей и особенностей металлургии и металловедения сварного соединения, в том числе: кристаллического строения и кристаллизации; диффузионных процессов в металлах при сварке; характеристики свариваемых и вспомогательных материалов; металлургических процессов при сварке; свариваемости различных конструкционных материалов; равнопрочности сварных швов; основных механических и эксплуатационных свойств сварных соединений и методов их определения. Доступный язык изложения, а также большое количество иллюстраций позволят студентам эффективно подготовиться к выполнению расчетнографических работ, сдаче зачетов и экзаменов.
A Vértesalja homoki bükkösei (Daphno laureolae-Fagetum Borhidi in Borhidi et Kevey 1996)
Authors: Kevey Balázs , Riezing Norbert , Simon György
Published: December 2021

Jelen tanulmány a Vértesalja homoki bükköseinek társulási viszonyait mutatja be 25 cönológiai felvétel alapján. Faji összetételére a Fagetalia elemek magas aránya jellemző. Különösen értékes fajai a Corydalis intermedia, a Daphne laureola és a Scutellaria columnae. A felvételek a hagyományos és a sokváltozós statisztikai elemzések alapján elkülönülnek a Belső-Somogy homoki bükköseitől (Leucojo verno-Fagetum), és a Dunántúli-középhegység Daphno laureolae-Fagetum nevű bükkös társulásához sorolhatók.
O turismo de base comunitária em tempos de pandemia: Experiências de comunidades do Brasil e da África
Authors: Coelho E.A.
Published: December 2021

O novo coronavírus se espalhou pelo planeta em 2020, causando graves crises de consequências sanitárias, econômicas e políticas. Muitas atividades não essenciais foram paralisadas, dentre elas, o turismo. Algumas comunidades turísticas estão sendo duplamente afetadas: pela paralisação de suas atividades econômicas e pela ameaça de o vírus alcançar suas regiões. Este trabalho analisa a relação entre a COVID-19 e o turismo de base comunitária, utilizando para a análise a bibliografia referente aos temas e considerando exemplos de comunidades que enfrentam o momento de crise. Para auxiliar na compreensão dos desafios enfrentados, foram realizadas entrevistas com lideranças comunitárias do Brasil e da África. Os relatos demonstram que os moradores sentem a falta de apoio dos governos, que culmina com a falta de renda e o medo em receber turistas. Enquanto isso, se preparam, em meio às incertezas, para as novas formas de prestar serviços.
Surgeon Gender and Post-Operative In-Hospital Mortality
Authors: Barry Tara , Janjua Haroon , Cousin-Peterson Evelena , Ottinger Mary , Kuo Paul
Published: December 2021

Background: Prior studies report improved mortality rates for patients of female internists, few studies have evaluated the effect of surgeon gender on post-operative mortality. Methods: A retrospective analysis using the Agency for Health Care Administration Florida database from 2010-2015 examined patients undergoing one of 25 selected surgical procedures. Surgeon gender (self-reported), number of Medicare beneficiaries and years of experience were imported from CMS Physician Compare/Provider Utilization & Payment Data set using NPI. 25 procedures of varying complexity from all subspecialties were selected. For each procedure, inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to match cases performed by male vs female surgeons to achieve maximum balance between the groups. Results: There were 73,994 admissions for patients undergoing surgical procedures performed by 2,828 surgeons(361 females, 2467 males). Fewer patients who had emergent procedures performed by female surgeons died in the hospital(291/13957,2.08% vs 348/14017,2.48% p=0.026). Those who underwent the following procedures had significantly lower rates of in-hospital mortality if the surgeon was female: CABG(2/387,0.52% vs 8/387,2.07%), mastectomy(2/4797,0.04% vs 10/4797,0.21%), open cholecystectomy(7/955,0.73% vs 17/955, 1.78%) all p≤0.05. Conclusion: Patients who underwent CABG, mastectomy and open cholecystectomy had lower rates of in-hospital mortality if the surgeon was female while male surgeons did not have a significant mortality advantage for any procedure. Further studies examining national data may provide additional insight regarding the effect of surgeon gender on patient outcomes.
The potential for new and resilient anti-cancer drugs based upon minor groove binders for DNA
Authors: Scott Fraser , Suckling Colin
Published: December 2021

Anti-infective and anticancer drugs share the serious problem that over time resistance develops to their effects leading to clinical obsolescence. Research at the University of Strathclyde has discovered a platform of anti-infective drugs based upon minor groove binders for DNA that have exceptional resilience to the development of resistance in their target organisms (bacteria, fungi, and parasites). This property is associated with the fact that the Strathclyde minor groove binders (S-MGBs) act at more than one discrete molecular target. One of the compounds has successfully completed a phase IIa clinical trial for the treatment of Clostridioides difficile infections. Several other compounds have shown activity against a number of cancer cell lines in vitro with indications of in vivo activity in a mouse model of lung cancer. This paper places these discoveries in the context of previous studies of minor groove binders as anticancer agents and considers whether the benefits of multitargeting successfully demonstrated in anti-infective applications can be translated to anticancer applications.