bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ ЦВИТТЕРИОННОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ ГЛИЦИНА И АЛАНИНА В РАМКАХ ДИСКРЕТНО-КОНТИНУАЛЬНОЙ МОДЕЛИ ВОДНОГО РАСТВОРИТЕЛЯ: ВНУТРИМОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫЙ ПЕРЕНОС ПРОТОНА
Authors: Алексеева В.А. , Крауклис И.В. , Чижов Ю.В. , Тулуб А.В.
Published: August 2024

Представлены результаты квантово-химического моделирования нейтральных и цвиттерионных конформеров глицина (Gly) и аланина (L-Ala) на уровне теории функционала плотности B3LYP+GD3/def2TZVPP в газовой фазе и с учетом влияния водной среды в рамках дискретно-континуальной модели. Наиболее стабильными нейтральными конформерами Gly и Ala в газовой фазе оказались структуры с минимальными дипольными моментами. При учете сольватационных эффектов в рамках модели поляризуемого континуума (РСМ) энергетически выгодными становятся конформеры с максимальными дипольными моментами за счет диполь-дипольного взаимодействия со средой. Рассчитаны активационные барьеры реакции внутримолекулярного переноса протона при формировании изучаемых цвиттерионов в зависимости от числа молекул воды, находящихся в первой координационной сфере. Показано, что включение в дискретно-континуальную модель водного растворителя семи молекул воды, насыщающих водородные связи функциональных групп –NH3+ и –COO-, значительно понижает величину активационного барьера у глицина до 0.02 kcal/mol и у аланина до 0.09 kcal/mol.
IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON DIGITAL CONTENT CREATION
Authors: P. Vijayalakshmi , V. Vishnu Vardhan
Published: August 2024

Artificial Intelligence is a significant player in the digital content industry. This article talks about how AI improves content and makes it look finer. The research focuses on how digital content has the potential to be both beneficial and harmful. The researcher examines the cruel aspects of AI if content creators have complete access to AI tools. By observing some of the recently viral digital content and identifying how risky it might be if content creators exploit digital content using AI where people will be entertained but no one will know who generated the specific content. The article looks further at how dangerous it would be if digital content creators used AI techniques to produce content that expresses their vengeance against a specific person and the traumas faced by the victim. The purpose of this article is to explore the potential for AI to cause someone to lose both respect and money. The research will give a complete view of how AI could be a threat to the creation of social content and also will give a detailed view of creating creative minds using AI.
DECODING TAMIL IDENTITY IN AI-GENERATED IMAGERY: LEVERAGING PROMPTS FOR CULTURAL CONTENT ANALYSIS
Authors: Pandiyaraj V. , N. Raja , Deeparajeswari
Published: August 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI), as described by Pedro Domingo’s, encompasses technologies like machine learning and neural networks, revolutionizing industries and daily life. Cultural identity, shaped by ethnicity, nationality, language, and traditions, defines individuals and communities, influencing values and behaviours. It fosters a sense of belonging, evolving with societal changes and interactions with diverse cultures. AI's portrayal in cultural representation, spanning media, literature, and art, shapes societal perceptions and expectations of technology, ranging from utopian to dystopian visions. Cultural values and norms influence ethical debates surrounding AI, informing discussions on issues like bias and privacy. Increasingly, AI technologies are adapted to diverse cultural contexts, integrating language, customs, and values into their design to resonate with global communities.This research aims to investigate the portrayal of Tamil cultural identity in AI-generated imagery, employing prompts as a tool for nuanced content analysis. By systematically analyzing AI-generated images through specific prompts designed to capture various facets of Tamil culture, this study seeks to unveil the intricacies, biases, and nuances inherent in these representations. Through a refined analysis framework, the research endeavours to shed light on the cultural sensitivity of AI-generated imagery concerning Tamil culture, contributing to the discourse on cultural representation in artificial intelligence.
EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE VISUAL ARTS: A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY
Authors: Ezhilmurugan. P. , E Yashavini
Published: August 2024

Human thinking first appeared through visual art. From the early cave man paintings to this modern-day AI-generated image and deep learning algorithms, the world has developed. Artificial intelligence (AI) has impacted the visual arts in various ways, and it has influenced more and more as a transformative force in many fields. Through this study, the complex link between artificial intelligence and the visual arts is explained by analyzing the effects, the outcomes, and the future paths. The study explores how artificial intelligence has transformed the production, interpretation, and consumption of art. It also shows how AI algorithms are employed by artists to generate imagery. This study, along with the analysis of surveys, experimental initiatives, and different artworks, explains the impact of artificial intelligence in the world of visual arts. It also tells how artificial intelligence has swayed historical mythology and its sociocultural ramifications. With an interdisciplinary approach, this study integrates the understanding of computer science, art history, and cultural studies and offers a subtle analysis of the profound impact of AI on the visual arts. Finally, this comprehensive study provides an insight on how artificial intelligence has influenced and impacted the visual arts and about the evolutionary technological potential of it in the future by providing a deeper and better understanding of the growing complex link between creativity and technology in modern art practices.
A LETTER FROM SPECIAL EDITION EDITOR IN CHIEF – DR. N RAJA
Authors: N Raja
Published: August 2024

Dear Readers and Contributors,It is with great desire that we present the proceedings of the International Conference on Innovative Techniques in Artificial Intelligence and Communication Technologies (ICITAICT 2K24), held on 12th April, 2024. This conference, organized by the Department of Visual Communication at Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Deemed University, Chennai, India, in association with INTI International University, Malaysia, marks a substantial milestone in the advancement of research and progress in the fields of artificial intelligence and communication technologies.This conference acknowledged an overwhelming response, with numerous high-quality 246 papers submissions spanning a wide range of topics including, but not limited to, Ai and Film Making, Ai and Content Creation, machine learning, natural language processing, computer vision, wireless communication and IoT. The rigorous peer-review process ensured that only the most impactful and innovative research papers were selected for presentation.Among 246 papers, 10 were selected for publication in the special issue of the UGC Care-Listed Journal "ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts," titled "Artificial Intelligence and Communication Technologies." I extend my heartfelt gratefulness to Granthaalayah Publications for their valuable collaboration with our institution, which has greatly encouraged researchers by providing them with well-deserved recognition.Finally, we thank all the writers and participants for their contributions and engagement. It is your desire and commitment that make this conference a vibrant forum for innovation and excellence. We hope that ICITAICT 2K24 will not only enhance your understanding and stimulus new ideas but also pave the way for future collaborations and advancements in the field.
An Upside-Down Approach to Social Innovation at Institutions of Higher Education
Authors: Ahmed Maryam Mohiuddin , VeLure Roholt Ross , M. Catalano Jennifer
Published: August 2024

Experts commonly assert that social innovation is best taught outside of higher education, given that higher education institutions are prone to rigidity traps. Opposing research suggests that social innovation can flourish within institutions of higher education when they embrace new ways of teaching and learning. Using a student-initiated and led Social Innovation Organization (SIO) at a university in South Asia as a case study, this article considers how social innovation education might emerge from and take root within institutions of higher education and what the consequences are for social relations, power structures, and institutional practices.
Urban planning instruments PEUC and Progressive IPTU over time in the city of Santa Maria/RS
Authors: Fernandes Gabriela Mozzaquattro , Colusso Izabele
Published: August 2024

This research aims to contribute to the discussions regarding the application of the Urban Land and Buildings Tax (PEUC) and the Progressive Property Tax Over Time (IPTU Progressivo no Tempo), policy instruments regulated by the City Statute in 2001, as well as to discuss the application of these instruments in the city of Santa Maria/RS, particularly concerning underutilized or vacant buildings located in the central area. The study was conducted through the development of an urban voids map and a table indicating the number of households and people that certain categories of voids could accommodate. The application of the instruments in Santa Maria, specifically concerning underutilized or vacant buildings in the central area, is discussed. The results indicate that Santa Maria has the potential to apply the instruments, given that the municipality's Master Plan promotes the social function of urban property, aiming to densify areas with city infrastructure. A timeline of Brazilian urban development and the municipality of Santa Maria was constructed; the proposed instruments were elucidated, and their application in the city was discussed.
Green Leisure Areas: surveys, potentials, and challenges in the central area of Florianópolis
Authors: Padova Amanda Cristina , Dall'Agnol Jucelio
Published: August 2024

Although several studies confirm the benefits of green areas in improving the quality of life, their effective integration into urban planning still faces obstacles, due to the prioritization of other urban issues considered more pressing. In this context, this study objective is to conduct a survey of the Green Leisure Areas (GLAs) in the central area of Florianópolis by means of georeferencing, aiming to identify their current situation, as well as their potentialities and weaknesses, especially aimed at the use. It highlights the need to integrate these areas to promote greater interaction between individuals-environment and condition a new socio-spatial dynamics in the area studied
Anatomi Daun dan Hubungannya terhadap Pertumbuhan Calathea sp. pada Berbagai Jenis Pupuk
Authors: Ramdani Adrian , Megayani Sri Rahayu  , Krisantini
Published: August 2024

Tanaman calathea memiliki potensi ekonomi sebagai tanaman hias daun karena mempunyai corak dan warna daun yang menarik. Penelitian tentang teknik budidaya perlu dilakukan untuk mendapatkan kualitas tanaman yang baik dengan cara budidaya yang efisien. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang karakteranatomi daun dan mendapatkan informasi tentang respon pertumbuhan tanaman terhadap aplikasi pupuk yang berbeda. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari hingga April 2023 di Desa Sukamantri, Kecamatan Tamansari, Kabupaten Bogor menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) dua faktor. Faktor jenis pupuk meliputi empat taraf, yaitu: tanpa pemupukan (P0), pupuk kandang ayam (P1), pupuk slow release (P2), dan pupuk daun (P3), sedangkan faktor jenis calathea terdiri dari Calathea picturata var. Vandenheckei (S1) dan Calathea ornata var. Beauty Star (S2). Pemberian berbagai jenis pupuk tidak berpengaruh terhadap semua peubah yang diamati. Budidaya tanaman calathea tanpa menggunakan pupuk menjadi metode yang efisien. Calathea picturata var. Vandenheckei memiliki laju pertumbuhan tunas, tinggi tanaman, dan kerapatan stomata yang tinggi dibanding Calathea ornata var. Beauty Star. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara anatomi daun dengan laju pertumbuhan calathea akibat pemberian berbagai jenis pupuk.
Kata kunci: bunga, tanaman hias, trikoma, tunas
Saudi Female English Teachers' Professional Identity Construction: A Qualitative Study of the Internal and External Factors
Authors: Alturki Bothainh Mansoor , Alharbi Majed Abdullah
Published: August 2024

This qualitative case study investigates factors that (re)shape the professional identities of Saudi female English language teachers and examines how the length of their teaching experience influences their pedagogical approach. This study used a triangulation approach to collect data from five Saudi female EFL teachers and applied thematic analysis for data analysis. Results indicate that each Saudi female EFL teacher had unique factors that contributed to shaping and developing their professional identities, such as their professional background, learning experience, institutional influence, and professional development opportunities. Additionally, the length of teaching experience played a significant role in constructing their professional identities. Finally, a relationship existed between the micro and macro factors that contributed to the formation of their professional identities and pedagogical approaches. The study's findings contribute to the ongoing local and global dialogue on the role of identity in language teacher education as it expands on Norton’s idea that identity construction is a fundamental aspect of professionally becoming a teacher. It offers practical insights for students, educators, administrators, and policymakers in developing the professional identities of English language teachers.
The impact of artificial intelligence on regulatory compliance in the oil and gas industry
Authors: Onoriode Reginald Aziza  , Ngozi Samuel Uzougbo  , Munachi Chikodili Ugwu
Published: August 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly transforming the regulatory compliance landscape in the oil and gas industry. This abstract examines the profound impact of AI on ensuring adherence to complex regulatory frameworks governing this sector. Regulatory compliance in the oil and gas industry involves adhering to a myriad of environmental, safety, and operational regulations, often posing significant challenges due to the volume and complexity of data involved. AI technologies, including machine learning, natural language processing, and predictive analytics, offer innovative solutions to these challenges. AI enhances data management and analysis by automating data collection, processing, and reporting, thereby increasing accuracy and efficiency. Predictive maintenance and risk assessment tools powered by AI can identify potential compliance issues before they arise, allowing for proactive measures. Moreover, AI-driven compliance monitoring systems enable real-time tracking of regulatory adherence, reducing the risk of non-compliance and associated penalties. Automated auditing and inspection processes further streamline compliance checks, ensuring thorough and consistent evaluations. Case studies demonstrate successful AI implementations in regulatory compliance, such as automated reporting systems in offshore drilling and predictive maintenance in pipeline management, which have resulted in improved compliance rates and reduced operational risks. However, the adoption of AI is not without challenges. Issues related to data quality and integration, cybersecurity, and regulatory acceptance pose significant hurdles. Additionally, ethical and legal considerations surrounding AI deployment must be addressed to ensure responsible use. AI holds substantial potential to revolutionize regulatory compliance in the oil and gas industry by enhancing efficiency, accuracy, and proactive risk management. As AI technologies continue to evolve, their integration into compliance processes will likely become more sophisticated, offering greater benefits and addressing current limitations. The future of regulatory compliance in the oil and gas sector will be increasingly shaped by the advancements in AI, driving both operational excellence and adherence to stringent regulatory standards.
Enhanced cybersecurity measures: Protect customer data in e-commerce and retail industry
Authors: Olamide Raimat Amosu  , Praveen Kumar  , Yewande Mariam Ogunsuji  , Adesola Adelaja  , Oladapo Faworaja  , Kikelomo Adetula
Published: August 2024

This study explores developing and implementing advanced cybersecurity protocols to protect customer data and ensure secure transactions within the retail industry. By setting a high standard for data protection, these measures contribute significantly to national cybersecurity efforts. The research analyzes current threats, evaluates existing cybersecurity frameworks, and proposes robust protocols to mitigate potential risks. The findings demonstrate that enhanced cybersecurity measures safeguard sensitive information, reinforce consumer trust, and comply with regulatory requirements. For instance, adopting end-to-end encryption and multi-factor authentication significantly improves data security. Additionally, integrating AI-driven real-time threat detection systems and regular security audits are highlighted as critical components in a comprehensive cybersecurity strategy. This paper provides a comprehensive guide for retail organizations to enhance their cybersecurity posture effectively, contributing to the broader goal of national cybersecurity and setting a high standard for the industry.
Pendampingan Penggalian Kebutuhan Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Produk dan Jual Beli Pada Kantin SMK Semen Gresik
Authors: Witra Widyasari Puspa Permata , Anugrah Indra Gita
Published: August 2024

Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mendampingi SMK Semen Gresik dalam penggalian kebutuhan sistem informasi yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan sekolah. Proses pendampingan dilakukan melalui beberapa tahap, yaitu analisis kebutuhan, wawancara dengan pihak sekolah, dan observasi langsung terhadap aktivitas operasional. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah identifikasi kebutuhan spesifik sistem informasi yang mampu mendukung manajemen sekolah secara efektif. Temuan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar bagi pengembangan sistem informasi yang terintegrasi, sehingga dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas operasional SMK Semen Gresik. Selain itu, kegiatan pendampingan ini juga memberikan wawasan kepada pihak sekolah mengenai pentingnya sistem informasi dalam mendukung proses pendidikan dan manajemen. Kesimpulannya, pendampingan ini berhasil menggali kebutuhan sistem informasi yang relevan dan menjadi langkah awal penting dalam implementasi teknologi informasi di lingkungan pendidikan SMK Semen Gresik.
The community service aims to assist SMK Semen Gresik in meeting the needs of an information system that suits the school's needs. The mentoring process is carried out through several stages, namely needs analysis, interviews with school officials, and direct observation of operational activities. The result of this community service is identifying the need for a specific information system that is able to support school management effectively. It is hoped that these findings can become the basis for developing an integrated information system, so that it can increase the operational efficiency and effectiveness of SMK Semen Gresik. Apart from that, this mentoring activity also provides insight to schools regarding the importance of information systems in supporting the education and management process. In conclusion, this assistance succeeded in exploring relevant information system needs and became an important first step in implementing technology in the SMK Semen Gresik educational environment.
Pengaruh Penambahan Butanol Pada Bahan Bakar Solar Terhadap Karakteristik Pembakaran Single Droplet
Authors: Sayoko Brahmantyo Luqman , Issafira Radissa Dzaky
Published: August 2024

Dependence on fossil fuels is one of the most serious threats to the global environment. In addition, petroleum reserves are also decreasing. Meanwhile, the level of oil consumption is always increasing to meet the demand for fuel. Economical and sustainable alternative energy solutions are essential to meet the growing global energy demand without compromising environmental sustainability. One type of alternative fuel that shows very promising potential is biofuel, especially biodiesel. Biodiesel has potential as a more environmentally friendly alternative to diesel fuel, but its low combustion rate and higher viscosity compared to conventional diesel fuel present technical challenges that need to be overcome. The different chemical properties of butanol from biodiesel allow it to have a positive impact on combustion characteristics, such as viscosity, flash point, heating value, and combustion rate. The combustion characteristics that will be studied in this research using single droplet combustion testing include droplet visualization to measure the dimensions of the flame, temperature during the combustion process recorded by a thermocouple, data logger, and video recording during the combustion process to obtain information regarding the ignition delay value. The test steps were repeated five times for each fuel variation and then averaged.  In this study, the samples tested included pure diesel, diesel blend with 10% butanol, diesel blend with 20% butanol, diesel blend with 30% butanol, diesel blend with 40% butanol and diesel blend with 50% butanol. From this study, the visualization of the flame is obtained, where the combustion of pure diesel oil droplets has a higher and wider flame, while the flame of the butanol diesel mixture produces a flame whose maximum height is lower than pure diesel oil. The ignition delay time of pure diesel oil is greater than the ignition delay time of the diesel butanol blend. In addition, the maximum combustion temperature produced by each blend is different
Ensuring geodynamic safety in coal mines
Authors: Sidorov M.S. , Lebedev I.M. , Mulev S.N. , Tyukhrin V.G.
Published: August 2024

With all the diversity available, the most commonly used methods of predicting and preventing dynamic phenomena in coal mines, which are based on research done in the middle of the previous century, are characterized with a very limited range of application and a local impact; they are discrete, and highly dependent on the human factor and often do not have a stable effect. In the conditions of increasing complexity of mining and geological conditions, the growing capacity of mining equipment, it is necessary to improve, clarify the used and create new methods to control the state of the rock mass and make predictions of dynamic phenomena. When using the existing geophysical methods to assess the rock mass state, integrated approaches have not yet been tested: this is the nearest prospect for development. New research of intermediate states of the coal mass is necessary. There is a need for conceptual and fundamental changes in this area. The Raspadskaya Coal Company has started to develop an integrated approach to monitoring the rock mass state, predicting and preventing dynamic phenomena.
Test facilities to study physical and mechanical properties of rocks as exemplified by the VNIMI laboratory
Authors: Lodus E.V. , Tarasov B.G.
Published: August 2024

The paper briefly outlines the development history of the experimental facilities at VNIMI using the example of the laboratory to study the physical and mechanical properties of rocks in a wide range of loading conditions. A special attention is given to the current equipment in the laboratory. Schematic diagrams of the test benches are provided accompanied by their brief description. It is shown that in order to improve the geophysical instruments developed at VNIMI, a dedicated test bench is currently commissioned to reproduce as much as possible the real conditions of the stressed operation of the rock mass. The Universal test bench specifically reveals the regularities of changes in seismic characteristics of rock deformation and rock failure depending on the type of the stress state and the energy stored in the loading system.
A comparative analysis of user satisfaction according to non-face-to-face channel types : Using topic modeling
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Hwang Ki Seok , Cha Kyung Jin
Published: August 2024

Since COVID-19, the education industry has shifted many of its activities to non-face-to-face channels, and many programs are still being conducted in non-face-to-face channels during the endemic. This study aims to analyze the quality factors affecting user satisfaction of synchronous and asynchronous channels operated non-face-to-face and compare the differences between the two channels. For this purpose, we analyzed the reviews of graduate students of the same content in the synchronous and asynchronous channels at H University in Seoul, Korea. The non-face-to-face learning quality factors derived through topic modeling are educational system quality, content quality, instructor quality, and expectation confirmation, and their effects on user satisfaction were empirically analyzed through survey responses related to these quality factors. The results showed that all of the quality factors had a significant positive effect on satisfaction, and there were significant differences in satisfaction factors between the two channels. This study is significant in that it suggests that improving the content itself for synchronous channels and improving the convenience of the program operation system for asynchronous channels is effective in improving user satisfaction.
Terminologically of Tasawuf : An Introduction
Authors:   University of Surakarta, Azami Yasin Syafii , Nurhuda Abid ,   University of Surakarta, Murjazin  ,   University of Surakarta
Published: August 2024

Sufism is often considered old-fashioned and not open to change, even though tasawuf also accepts new things so that reforms occur both in etymology and terminology. And the purpose of this study is to describe the essence of Sufism in terminology. The method used is qualitative with literature study techniques, then all relevant data is collected, analyzed, and finally concluded the relevant content. The results of the study show that the essence of Sufism in terms of definition depends on the point of view of each person. The principles used are the Qur'an and Assunnah and include a special dimension to discuss how best to get closer to God so that the Divine appears, Ilahi Anta Maqsudi wa ridhaka mathlubi.
Miotomía endoscópica en el manejo de la acalasia tipo II. Primera experiencia en Manizales, Colombia
Authors: Sánchez-Gil Andrés , Arango-Molano Lázaro Antonio , Dussán-Osorio Diego Alejandro
Published: August 2024

Introducción. La acalasia es un trastorno motor del esófago, de etiología desconocida, crónico y progresivo, que afecta por igual a hombres y mujeres, y genera síntomas como disfagia, dolor torácico, regurgitación y pérdida de peso. El diagnóstico requiere una serie de hallazgos clínicos, endoscópicos y paraclínicos, con el fin de brindar tratamiento oportuno para lograr el alivio de la sintomatología.
Métodos. Durante el año 2023 se llevaron a cabo miotomías endoscópicas perorales (POEM, por sus siglas en ingles) en tres pacientes con diagnóstico de acalasia tipo II. Los pacientes fueron admitidos por consulta externa e identificados por el grupo de gastroenterología de Unión de Cirujanos. Después de realizar los estudios pertinentes para llegar al diagnóstico fueron llevados al procedimiento de forma electiva.
Resultados. De los tres pacientes intervenidos, dos de sexo femenino y uno masculino, solo uno requirió hospitalización de más de tres días, sin complicaciones severas ni necesidad de reintervenciones. Durante el seguimiento, uno de los pacientes presentó recurrencia de los síntomas y tiene pendiente una nueva intervención por la misma vía.
Conclusiones. Aunque la acalasia tipo II es una enfermedad crónica, de etiología desconocida y evolución progresiva, que limita y deteriora la calidad de vida de los pacientes, se cuenta con diferentes opciones terapéuticas, quirúrgicas y endoscópicas. La miotomía endoscópica peroral ha demostrado ser una técnica reproducible, segura y eficiente.
A Reconstruction of the Non–Identity Argument at Phaedo 74b–c
Authors: Bitetti Putzer Ryan
Published: August 2024

At Phaedo 74b–c an important argument is given for the non–identity of perceptible equals and equality. The argument is usually understood as an application of Leibniz’s Law in which the predicate appears unequal is affirmed of perceptible equals but not equality. But this reading requires explaining why the plural locution the equals themselves is initially used for equality, and why the additional predicate appears as inequality is denied of it. In this paper, an account of the equality premise is given which allows for an initial grasp of equality as a plurality (suitably expressed by a plural locution), and introduces a generic predicate for appearance, appears its opposite (rightly denied of equality). The former ensures that the question of non–identity is not begged, while the latter secures a role for every element in the premise. So understood, the argument is both more robust and carefully formulated than is usually thought.
The Scope of Competence of the Constitutional Court in Deciding Disputes of General Election Results
Authors: Firdaus Firdaus , Kurniawan Nalom , Lutfi Muhammad Uut , Jaya Belardo Prasteya Mega
Published: August 2024

The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (UUD 1945) does not explicitly define “election result disputes.” This definition is only found in several laws and Constitutional Court (MK) Regulations, limited to the context of “vote counting errors.” This research aims to reformulate the concept of election results as an object of dispute in the MK to ensure certainty and justice for candidates and/or candidate pairs. This study uses a normative juridical research method. Elections, as an embodiment of the people’s sovereignty, result in the acquisition of votes and the determination of elected candidates and/or candidate pairs to occupy political positions in government. The resolution of election result disputes in the MK relates to objections to the validity of the vote count, both quantitatively and qualitatively. The examination of the validity of vote acquisition maps the MK’s authority into two scopes: absolute competence and relative competence. The MK’s absolute competence relates to resolving disputes over vote acquisition, while relative competence pertains to ensuring constitutionality, including adherence to election regulations by election organizers during the election stages.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI EKSTERNAL DALAM MENINGKATKAN LOYALITAS IKATAN ALUMNI FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS PADJAJARAN
Authors: Rohana Yana , Sedarmayanti  , Jubaedah Edah
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan, hambatan, dan upaya dalam komunikasi eksternal antara IKA FK UNPAD dengan alumni FK UNPAD serta merumuskan strategi baru. Metode deskriptif kualitatif digunakan dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dengan informan dari Bidang Komunikasi dan Informasi, Divisi Integrasi Data dan Informasi, Ketua 2 Bidang Hubungan Internal, Ketua 3 Bidang Penguatan Alumni, dan perwakilan alumni. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan komunikasi eksternal belum maksimal, dengan hambatan utama adalah kurangnya prosedur kegiatan terperinci. Strategi yang dirumuskan untuk mengatasi masalah ini meliputi penyelarasan visi dan misi, peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia, kerjasama dengan PT POS Indonesia, peningkatan sosialisasi penggunaan media sosial, dan efektivitas program-program IKA FK UNPAD. Strategi WO (Weaknesses-Opportunities) diusulkan untuk mengurangi kelemahan internal dengan memanfaatkan peluang eksternal. Implementasi strategi ini diharapkan meningkatkan intensitas komunikasi dan loyalitas alumni terhadap IKA FK UNPAD.
UMKM Desa Kurungdahu Berdayasaing Melalui Pendampingan Berkelanjutan
Authors: Nurhaula Huddin Muhammad , Nafiudin  , Wajdi Farid
Published: August 2024

The traditional MSME product, semprong cake, has the potential to be developed and can become a leading commodity in Kurungdahu Village. However, observations and interviews have revealed several partner issues, including limited financial record-keeping, lack of managerial skills, and restricted market access. The primary focus of this community service program is to provide socialization and assistance, both theoretically and practically, in the development of semprong cake products and the utilization of technology to market the products more broadly. The goal of this service is to transform semprong cake into an MSME that can boost the economy in Kurungdahu Village. The methods used to achieve this goal include ongoing observation and mentoring, enabling MSMEs to benefit from the preparation of simple financial reports, branding, packaging, and marketing assistance through social media to increase sales.
Learning from the input: a corpus-based investigation of Chinese classifiers in children’s books and child-directed speech
Authors: Shi Jinyu , Hsiao Yaling , Yang Yifan , Wonnacott Elizabeth , Nation Kate
Published: August 2024

In Mandarin Chinese, numeral classifiers form a grammatical category that is syntactically obligatory when a noun is modified by a numeral or a demonstrative. The appropriate choice of a classifier is associated with the semantic properties of its corresponding noun and is context dependent. Experience with language is needed to learn these patterns, but little is known about how classifiers are structured in children’s language environments. We compared the frequency and distribution of classifier phrases in four corpora: child-directed speech, children’s television shows, children’s books, and adult-directed speech. Classifier usage in children’s books was more diverse than in both child-directed and adult speech. Books contained more specific classifiers that co-occurred with a higher proportion of unique nouns whereas everyday speech relied on more generic classifiers. Books therefore provide access to classifier-noun collocations that are rare in speech. Implications for language development and language processing are discussed.
Motive Attributions Shape Judgments of Whistleblowers’ Moral Characters
Authors: Brotzeller Franziska , van Houwelingen Gijs , Gollwitzer Mario , Fischer Moritz
Published: August 2024

Public perceptions of whistleblowers are polarized: While some praise them as heroes, others view them as traitors. We argue that such perceptions are rooted in motives attributed to whistleblowers and tested this idea in three studies. A first qualitative study (N = 201) revealed four main motives attributed in whistleblowing situations: prosocial, competitive, individualistic, and deontic. In two subsequent scenario studies (total N = 867), we manipulated how an actor responded to an organizational wrongdoing (type of whistleblowing: no, internal, external, or public whistleblowing) and measured motive attributions and judgments of the actor’s moral character. The type of whistleblowing impacted moral character judgements, mediated by motive attributions. Specifically, the type of whistleblowing impacted all four motive attributions and, in turn, prosocial, competitive, and deontic attributions were associated with moral character judgements.
Assessing Serial Recall as a Measure of Artificial Grammar Learning
Authors: Jenkins Holly Elizabeth , smith Faye , Riches Nicholas Greatorex , Wilson Benjamin , de Graaf Ysanne
Published: August 2024

Implicit statistical learning is, by definition, learning that occurs without conscious awareness. However, measures that putatively assess implicit statistical learning often require explicit reflection, for example, deciding if a sequence is ‘grammatical’ or ‘ungrammatical’. By contrast, ‘processing-based’ tasks can measure learning without requiring conscious reflection, by measuring processes that are facilitated by implicit statistical learning. For example, when multiple stimuli consistently co-occur, it is efficient to ‘chunk’ them into a single cognitive unit, thus reducing working memory demands. Previous research has shown that when sequences of phonemes can be chunked into ‘words’, participants are better able to recall these sequences than random ones (Isbilen et al., 2017). Here, in two experiments, we investigated whether serial visual recall could be used to effectively measure the learning of a more complex artificial grammar that is designed to emulate the between-word relationships found in language. We adapted the design of a previous Artificial Grammar Learning (AGL) study (Milne et al., 2018) to use a visual serial recall task, as well as more traditional reflection-based grammaticality judgement and sequence completion tasks. After exposure to “grammatical” sequences of visual symbols, generated by the artificial grammar, the participants were presented with novel testing sequences, and, after a brief pause, were asked to recall the sequence by clicking on the visual symbols on the screen in order. In both experiments, we found no evidence of artificial grammar learning in the Visual Serial Recall task. However, we did replicate previously reported learning effects in the reflection-based measures. In light of the success of serial recall tasks in previous experiments, we discuss several methodological factors that influence the extent to which implicit statistical learning can be measured using these tasks.
How do you argue with a meme?
Authors: Little Hannah , Sulik Justin
Published: August 2024

Science denial "memes" are a viral form of communication that attempt to undermine complex scientific ideas using memorable soundbites. These memes misrepresent the scientific content they are "debunking", making responding to them challenging: how do you argue with a meme? To identify common strategies, we analysed Twitter responses to the anti-evolution meme "Why are there still monkeys?" Strategies included literal explanations about why the reasoning behind the meme is flawed, and analogies that mirror the original meme to varying degrees (e.g., in structure and/or domain). To evaluate different response strategies, we designed an experiment with participants who either endorsed or denied evolution. Participants rated their understanding of the original meme and of different response strategies, and how effective and persuasive they found them. Across participants, literal explanations were rated more understandable, effective and persuasive than analogical responses. Meme-ing a rebuttal can thus be a counter-productive strategy for science communication.
Financial factors and depression and anxiety: A symptom-specific approach in the general population
Authors: Bjørndal Ludvig Daae , Røysamb Espen , Nes Ragnhild Bang , von Soest Tilmann , Ebrahimi Omid V.
Published: August 2024

Financial adversity increases the risk of common mental disorders. However, few studieshave assessed how multiple financial factors are related to individual symptoms of anxietyand depression. We applied a network approach to examine associations between objectiveregister-based and self-reported financial indicators, and symptoms of anxiety and depressionacross 49,750 randomly sampled Norwegian adults. Almost all measured symptoms wereassociated with at least one financial hardship or protective variable. Depressive symptomswere more strongly linked to financial difficulties compared to anxiety symptoms.Hopelessness was a key symptom tying financial factors to mental health adversities and wasassociated with greater financial dissatisfaction, inability to afford to keep one’s home warm,and unemployment. Experiencing sudden fear was linked with inability to afford healthyfood. Our findings point to the importance of financial factors, including those linked to basiclife circumstances, for population mental health and unravel granular associations withsymptoms of anxiety and depression.
Positive Imagery Cognitive Bias Modification for People with Elevated Depression Symptoms: A Pilot Study in Iran
Authors: rajeh Yazdan naderi , Blackwell Simon Edward , Dolatshahi Behrooz , Pourshahbaz Abbas , Zarghami Mehran
Published: August 2024

The health burden posed by depression and difficulty accessing effective treatments has led to increased interest in simple internet-delivered cognitive training programs as potential low-intensity, inexpensive and scalable interventions. One such candidate intervention, positive imagery cognitive bias modification (imagery CBM) involves repeated resolution of ambiguity via generation of positive mental imagery, and has shown promise in the context of depression in previous research. The current pilot study investigated a 4-week internet-delivered imagery CBM intervention in Iran. Seventy adults with elevated symptoms of depression were randomized to complete the imagery CBM intervention or a sham training control condition, and completed outcome measures at post-training and a two-month follow-up. Attrition was high, indicating the need for further adaptations to the training schedule. However, overall the pattern of results suggest promise for the imagery CBM in this context and the need for formal efficacy testing in fully-powered efficacy randomized controlled trials.
Modeling police officers’ deadly force decisions in an immersive shooting simulator
Authors: Pleskac Timothy Joseph , Cesario Joseph , Johnson David Jeffrey
Published: August 2024

We introduce a novel framework to understand how race, suspect behavior, and policing scenario impact police officers' decision to shoot. We report four principle results with a sample of police officers from the Milwaukee Police Department (\textit{N}=659) that illustrate the utility of this framework: (1) policing scenario and suspect behavior played important roles in officers' decisions; (2) the effect of race on shooting errors depended on whether suspects behaved in an antagonistic or nonantagonistic way; (3) cognitive modeling showed this effect of race was not due to initial biases to shoot Black suspects but instead due to differences in how evidence was gathered between Black and White suspects; and (4) no credible effects of race were observed on response times. Exploration of the data suggests that the race effect may, in part, be due to behaviors performed by particular suspects in specific scenarios. This work provides a novel method and analytic approach for understanding how officers integrate multiple pieces of information during the decision to shoot and how these different sources of information can impact the decision in different ways at different stages. We emphasize that the current report cannot answer the broad question of ``Are police in general biased?,'' but instead is a means to study how officers make deadly force decisions in specific policing scenarios. This sets the stage for researchers and practitioners to obtain the data necessary for designing effective training interventions.
Intact Representation of Vocal Smile in Autism: A reverse correlation approach
Authors: Merchie Annabelle , Ranty Zoé , Zarrabi Aynaz Adl , Bonnet-Brilhault Frederique , Houy-Durand Emmanuelle , Aucouturier Jean-Julien , Gomot Marie
Published: August 2024

Atypical emotional prosody production and perception have been reported in autism. However, it is unclear whether these particularities are associated with unusual mental representations of vocal emotions. The objective of the current study was to explore the mental representation of vocal smile in autistic adults. Twenty-nine autistic (ASD) and 29 neurotypical (NT) adults performed an auditory reverse correlation task, that affords the opportunity to extract acoustic features of mental representation and their variability. Most ASD participants (17) based their representation of vocal smile on similar acoustic features as NT participants and no difference in the level of internal noise was observed. However, comparisons between groups revealed a more typical representation in NT than in ASD. Subsequent cluster analysis revealed that the difference of typicality was explained by a small subset of ASD participants displaying different representations. A correlation analysis also revealed that the typicality was positively correlated with the empathetic level within both groups. While most autistic adults have a preserved mental representation of vocal smiles, a subset shows less robust and typical representations, which is linked to lower levels of empathy. This study highlights that the perception of vocal smiles in autism is more nuanced than previously reported, with empathy playing a substantial role in shaping these mental representations.
Relationship between parental involvement and school readiness: a meta-analysis
Authors: Cui Shujing , Ropovik Ivan , Greger David
Published: August 2024

School readiness is foundational for children's later achievement. Despite a surge in studies examining the relationship between parental involvement and school readiness in recent decades, to the best of our knowledge, no systematic reviews have comprehensively addressed this link. This meta-analysis mapped the evidence on the relationship between facets of parental involvement and school readiness, and examined potential moderators across 73 studies (859 effect sizes, N = 109,931). We found a small, significant overall effect of parental involvement on school readiness, r = .12, 95% CI [.10, .14], with similar publication bias-adjusted estimates. This effect size remained relatively stable across the levels of studied moderators. Notably, our results suggest that socioeconomic status acts as a suppressor for the association between parental involvement and school readiness. The findings suggest that addressing socioeconomic challenges may attenuate constraints on the causal link from parental involvement to school readiness.
Back to school: How formal education has shaped almost all of cognitive science
Authors: Kroupin Ivan , Davis Helen Elizabeth , Zeng Tian Chen , Henrich Joseph
Published: August 2024

Societies which bind the heads of their children to produce distinctive cone-shaped skulls are a poor source of participants for the study of typical human cranial development. Just the same, schooled worlds - societies in which individuals are raised from birth by schooled parents, emerge into a world where formal schooling is mandatory and in which school skills increase success in most high-status jobs - are a poor source of participants for the study of typical human cognitive development. After all, formal schooling was absent for the first 99.8% of our species' history and has been shown to systematically alter cognitive organization across a wide variety of domains. Yet, almost all samples in almost all studies cognitive science are drawn from such schooled worlds - and at the same time mainstream, computational-cognitive science has no theoretical framework which would describe the nature of schooling effects. Here we argue that this situation is unsustainable and that we require frameworks which can capture these effects - reconciling work by the first-wave of cross cultural cognitive science on schooling with the contemporary mainstream of the field. We illustrate a candidate framework of this kind, based around a distinction in problem types between Big and Small Games. We use this distinction to structure a review of evidence that schooling effects have already been found, or should plausibly be expected, in a large sample of domains currently focused on by developmental cognitive science.