bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Analysis of CNN Models and Data Augmentation for Optimizing Traffic Sign Recognition
Authors: Zhu Ruizhe
Published: February 2025

Correctly and efficiently recognizing traffic signs plays a crucial role in autonomous driving. his capability ensures that self-driving cars can obey traffic rules, respond to signals in real-time, and make appropriate decisions to avoid accidents and ensure the safety of all road users. However, the highly complex real-world settings still make this task challenging. This research aims to explore and evaluate multiple models and data augmentation strategies to find the optimal balance between performance and computational cost. Specifically, this research utilized the Traffic Sign Recognition Benchmark dataset and compared ResNet50, MobileNetV2, and a self-defined convolutional neural network model to evaluate their test accuracy and the total number of parameters used. By analyzing the results, the ResNet50 model achieved the highest accuracy. Meanwhile, MobileNetV2 demonstrated greater robustness, generalizability, and lower computational cost, while still maintaining a reliably high accuracy. Among all the data augmentation methods tested, adjusting brightness and contrast outperformed the image data generator and color jitter in almost all models and input dimensions.
Using Artificial Intelligence in English Language Teaching: Benefits and Challenges
Authors: Tang Zhihao
Published: February 2025

The landscape of English Language Teaching (ELT) has undergone profound transformations in recent decades and it is driven by advancements in technology, evolving pedagogical approaches, and the increasing globalization of communication. English language continues to solidify its position as a global lingua franca. The rapid development of technology, especially the widespread use of computer networks, has brought unprecedented opportunities to ELT methods. Although Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies have been increasingly integrated into ELT, there is a lack of comprehensive research that examines both the benefits and challenges of this integration from a global perspective. In this study, the author explores how AI technologies improve the effectiveness of ELT and the key challenges and limitations of integrating AI technologies into ELT. The research explores both the benefits and challenges of incorporating AI into the teaching process, highlighting innovative solutions for personalized learning, as well as concerns regarding the reliability and accuracy of AI. The study may emphasize the significance of maintaining a balance between AI technologies and human interaction. It could propose strategies to ensure that AI serves as a complement to, rather than a replacement for, traditional teaching methods and interpersonal communication within the classroom.
Therapeutic Strategies after Imatinib Resistance in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Authors: Xin Linghui , Liu Peng
Published: February 2025

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a mesenchymal tumor commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract and its pathogenesis is mainly associated with c-KIT and PDGFRA gene mutations. Surgery is the standard treatment for limited GIST, while imatinib (IM) is the first-line treatment for patients with advanced or unresectable GIST. However, imatinib resistance (both primary and secondary resistance) remains a major challenge in the treatment of GIST. To address this challenge, the second-line drug sunitinib, the third-line drug regorafenib, and the fourth-line drug Ripretinib, as well as avapritinib targeting the PDGFRA D842V mutation, have been introduced into the clinic. In addition, therapeutic agents for wild-type GIST, such as SDH-deficient, NTRK-fusion and BRAF V600E mutant, have shown initial efficacy. Next-generation TKIs and other therapeutic strategies (e.g., heat shock protein inhibitors, mTOR inhibitors, immunotherapy) are still being explored, bringing new hope to patients with advanced drug-resistant GIST. In the future, the in-depth study of drug resistance mechanisms, the development of personalized treatment regimens, and the exploration of combination therapies will hopefully further improve the survival and quality of life of GIST patients.
Comparative Analysis of Convolutional Neural Networks on The Stability and Performance for Micro-Expression Recognition
Authors: Tang Bangwei
Published: February 2025

Micro-expression recognition can reveal many aspects of a person, such as emotions and mental states. They have been widely used in various fields, including computer vision and natural language processing. As deep learning has become increasingly popular recently, it has started to be used for micro-expression recognition to further improve its performance. In this paper, the research focuses on three typical convolutional neural networks for micro-expression recognition: VGG16, VGG19, and MobileNetV3-Small. This research aims to compare the stability of these three convolutional neural networks on uneven micro-expression datasets and to evaluate their real performance in micro-expression recognition. The research utilizes the publicly available real-world Affective Faces (RAF-DB) dataset to train the three convolutional neural networks. Two data preprocessing methods are employed in the study: one is adjusting the class weights to reduce the impact of uneven micro-expression datasets, and the other is using data augmentation to increase the size of the micro-expression datasets. When examining the stability of the three convolutional neural networks on uneven micro-expression datasets, the accuracy rates before and after adjusting the weights were 78% and 76% for VGG16, 76% and 76% for VGG19, and 75% and 72% for MobileNetV3-Small, respectively. Regarding the real performance of the three convolutional neural networks, the accuracy rates for VGG16, VGG19, and MobileNetV3-Small were 78%, 80%, and 75%, respectively. The results indicate that VGG16 and MobileNetV3-Small have stronger stability in dealing with uneven micro-expression datasets, while VGG19 performs better when the micro-expression datasets are sufficiently large.
Formalism vs. Activism in Language Teaching: A Critical Appraisal of Methodological Trajectories and Their Implications
Authors: Wu Siyu
Published: February 2025

This paper critically examines the trajectories of formalism and activism in language teaching methodologies. By analyzing their historical development, key features, and representative teaching methods, it reveals the strengths and limitations of each approach. And it is concluded that in ‘Postmethod’ era, teachers need to pay more attention to the diversity and openness of language teaching methods.
The Design and Practice of the Application of Digital Technology in Oral Rehabilitation
Authors: Li Wenjuan , Zhang Shaoqing
Published: February 2025

This study focuses on the design system and practical application of digital technology in the field of oral restoration. In the current environment of rapid digital development, the field of stomatology is undergoing profound changes. Through a comprehensive analysis of the application of 3D scanning technology for accurate data acquisition, the use of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology in denture design and fabrication processes, and virtual reality and augmented reality (VR/AR) technology to assist various surgical scenarios, to comprehensively explore the multifaceted positive role played by digital technology in the process of oral restoration. Digital technology has outstanding advantages in the field of dental prosthetics. Great progress has been made in terms of accuracy, and the average error can be controlled below 50 microns when making dentures. From an efficiency perspective, treatment cycles have been dramatically shortened, with weeks of treatment now reduced to days. The patient experience has also improved significantly. However, there are also some problems that need to be solved in the application of digital technology in oral restoration, such as the high cost of equipment procurement, and the shortage of compound talents who master the professional knowledge and digital technology capabilities of oral medicine. All in all, the future research focus in the field of oral repair should be on the development of cost-effective solutions, the construction of professional personnel training system, and the deep integration with cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence, so as to achieve intelligent, accurate and efficient oral repair. This study is committed to providing theoretical basis and practical guidance for the academic research and clinical practice in this field, and providing forward-looking ideas for the innovative design and extensive application of digital technology in the field of dental prosthesis.
A Giant Lipoma with Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma of the Thoracic and Dorsal Regions: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Yin Jinrong , Zeng Haiquan , Miao Weijin , Li Aiguo
Published: February 2025

A lipoma is a benign soft tissue tumor caused by the benign proliferation of mature adipose tissue. Tumors weighing over 1 kilogram or exceeding 5 centimeters in diameter are considered giant lipomas. Dedifferentiated liposarcoma, a highly malignant tumor derived from mesenchymal tissue, is a subtype of liposarcoma primarily found in the retroperitoneum. We report a rare case of a 56-year-old male patient who had a progressively enlarging massive tumor on his thoracic and dorsal regions over 10 years. Surgical excision was successful, and pathological examination revealed that most of the tumor showed mature lipoma changes, while a small area exhibited dedifferentiated liposarcoma changes.
Advances in Stem Cell-Based Therapies for Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Li An , Li Zeyu
Published: February 2025

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE) remains a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, often resulting in long-term neurological impairments. This review explores the potential of stem cell therapy as an emerging treatment for NHIE, focusing on recent advances in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). These stem cells are particularly promising due to their immunomodulatory properties and ability to secrete bioactive factors that promote tissue repair and regeneration. Research suggests that stem cell therapy can facilitate neural repair through various mechanisms, including engraftment, differentiation into mature neural cells, secretion of paracrine factors, and stimulation of endogenous neurogenesis. Moreover, stem cells exhibit anti-apoptotic effects and reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in damaged brain tissues. However, challenges such as immunocompatibility, control of differentiation, and long-term safety remain significant barriers to clinical translation. This article also examines the potential of combining stem cell therapy with therapeutic hypothermia (TH), which is currently the standard of care for NHIE, to improve treatment outcomes. Emerging technologies, including gene editing and personalized medicine, offer promising prospects for the future of NHIE treatment. Despite the challenges, stem cell therapy holds substantial potential as a pivotal strategy for treating NHIE, contingent upon further research and clinical trials.
Distribution of Antibacterial Resistance among Pathogenic Bacterial Isolates from Patient in Al-Shatrah General Hospital
Authors: Baidaa M. Kadim
Published: February 2025

Nowadays antimicrobial resistance is a huge phenomenon worldwide. The current article aims to detect the most antibiotic resistant among different kinds of antibiotics that extensively use in Iraq, to reduce the antibiotic resistance phenomenon, detect the most effective antibiotic can eliminate or kill pathogenic isolates. Two hundred clinical specimens were collected from patients who are hospitalized Al-Shatrah General Hospital. All samples were directly inoculated in enrichment media after had been obtained from urine, blood, ear swabs, sputum, wound swabs and diagnosed depending on the biochemical tests and molecular investigation that were done. The isolated pathogens were examined against 35 kinds of antibiotic including 13 Beta-lactams, 4 Aminoglycosides, 4 Fluoroquinolones, 3 Macrolides, 2 Glycopeptides, 2 Polymyxins, and one for each of Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol, Nitrofurantoin, Linezolid, Tazobactam, and Bacitracin using Kirby disc diffusion method. The results classified isolated bacteria into 60 (40.8%) isolates Gram-positive and 87 (59.2%) were Gram-negative isolates. While 69 (47%) bacterial isolates were isolated from males; 78 (53%) bacterial isolates were isolated from females, the most common isolated pathogens were Staphylococcus sp. 40 (27%), Streptococcus sp. 20 (13.6%), Proteus sp. 24 (16%), Escherichia coli 29 (19.7%); whereas, the least isolated bacteria is Salmonella typhi 2 (1.4%). While, the highest isolates were 41 isolates (36%) within age group (36-45); the least isolates were 19 isolates (12.9%) within age group (56-65). Bacitracin and Oxacillin were resisted by 10 bacterial species in this study. Also, the results found Levofloxacin, Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime, Ciprofloxacin, Meropenem, Tazobactam, Imipenem are more effective in compare to other antibiotics.
Tricotylous seedlings in Acacia nilotica (Linn.) Willd. (Mimosaceae)
Authors: Nagesh Kesari , Goud G. , Kardam Tej
Published: February 2025

The tricotyledonous seedlings described here forms the first record of occurrence of Acacia nilotica (Linn.) Willd. (Mimosaceae). The origin of tricotyledonous seedlings appears to be the result of the differentiation of supernumery primordia during embryogenesis.
Seasonal floristic composition under Eucalytpus tereticornis Smith plantation in upper Gangetic plain
Authors: Bahar Nawa , Jain A.
Published: February 2025

Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith, an Australian species, introduced in India is widely used in social forestry due to fast-growing nature. Three plantation stands at Site I (Hardwar), Site II (Deo- Band) and Site III (Shukratal) have been studied for morphological parameters of plant diversity and seasonal changes in phytosociology. Site I was found richer in diversity throughout the year with higher frequency and better density and abundance values. Seasonal trends show best performance during the rainy season, followed by winter and least in summer.
Spectral analysis of the Lorenz attractor
Authors: Pacha H. Ali , Aggoune W. , Hamaci S. , Lorenz P. , Pacha A. Ali
Published: February 2025

For a long time, chaos was considered uncontrollable and unusable. However, over the past thirty years, researchers have formulated equations for certain chaotic phenomena, revealing a deterministic aspect to what initially seems random. The evolution of chaotic systems is characterized by strange attractors, which, despite their complex nature, do not allow precise long-term predictions of system behavior. The Lorenz attractor is the best-known example and was the first to be studied, though many other attractors with unusual shapes have since been discovered. The aim of this work is to perform a spectral analysis of the Lorenz attractor by examining the frequencies present in the time signals generated by the solutions of the Lorenz system of equations. To evaluate the frequency complexity of these signals, the discrete Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is used to derive their frequency spectrum.
Reconstructing earliest diagenesis condition using sedimentological and geochemical characteristics of glauconites — application to limestone-marlstone alternation in the Boulonnais
Authors: Tribovillard Nicolas , Bout-Roumazeilles Viviane
Published: February 2025

Some of the geological formations of Upper Jurassic and Cretaceous age in the Boulonnais area (Strait of Pas-de-Calais, English Channel) show levels relatively rich in glauconite (a few weight% to 44 wt%). Recent works have shown that glauconite could have formed during (very) early diagenesis; this authigenic phyllosilicate could have thus witnessed the chemical conditions prevailing at the sediment-water interface or a short distance below it. This can be of particular interest in the case of the Assises de Croï Formation showing alternating carbonate beds and marly beds. The beds are of early diagenetic origin and contain populations of glauconite grains which formed even earlier. Glauconite can therefore be considered here as the privileged proxy to the sediment-water interface conditions during the development of the limestone-marl alternation, which is a common pattern in the sedimentary record worldwide. Glauconite was observed from the perspective of its chemical composition (including REE) as well as that of the particle size distribution. The results show that, if redox-proxying trace elements such as V, As, Ge can reflect the redox status of the conditions in which glauconite was formed, this is not the case for REE. The only parameter linked to REE which provides paleoenvironmental indications here is ∑REE, being negatively correlated with the sedimentation rate. It is suggested that REE were all the more incorporated to glauconite when the sedimentation rate was low, but without any appreciable fractionation among REE. Concerning the limestone/marl alternation, our results show that its development is linked neither to variations in redox conditions nor to hydrodynamic changes of the depositional environment. This is a diagenetic phenomenon, the cause of which remains to be determined. Finally, a relationship could be highlighted between the sedimentation rate and the size of the glauconite grains grown in situ.
Energy Storage Solutions for Solar Power: Technologies and Challenges
Authors: Odunaiya Olusegun Gbenga , Soyombo Oluwatobi Timothy , Ogunsola Olakojo Yusuff
Published: February 2025

Energy storage solutions are critical to the successful integration of solar power into the energy grid, addressing the intermittent nature of solar generation and enhancing the reliability and efficiency of renewable energy systems. This paper explores the key technologies and challenges associated with energy storage for solar power, emphasizing their role in advancing the sustainability and functionality of solar energy systems. Among the primary energy storage technologies for solar power are lithium-ion batteries, flow batteries, and advanced pumped hydro storage. Lithium-ion batteries are the most widely adopted due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and declining costs. They are well-suited for residential and commercial applications, offering flexibility in scaling and integration. Flow batteries, including vanadium redox and zinc-bromine, provide scalable and long-duration storage, making them suitable for grid-scale applications where long-term energy storage and stability are essential. Pumped hydro storage remains a reliable and mature technology, capable of large-scale energy storage by converting excess energy into potential energy through water elevation, though it requires specific geographical conditions. Despite these advancements, several challenges persist. Lithium-ion batteries, while efficient, face issues related to resource scarcity, recycling, and safety concerns associated with thermal runaway. Flow batteries, though promising for long-duration storage, often suffer from high capital costs and complex operational requirements. Pumped hydro storage, while effective, is limited by the need for suitable locations and environmental considerations. Emerging technologies, such as solid-state batteries and compressed air energy storage, offer potential solutions to these challenges. Solid-state batteries promise enhanced safety and energy density, while compressed air energy storage could provide large-scale, low-cost storage options if coupled with effective adiabatic and isothermal technologies. Addressing these challenges involves ongoing research and development to improve storage efficiency, reduce costs, and enhance system integration. Advances in materials science, system design, and policy support are crucial for overcoming current limitations and optimizing energy storage solutions for solar power. As these technologies evolve, they will play a pivotal role in achieving a reliable and sustainable energy future.
NGHIÊN CỨU CHẾ TẠO GẠCH CHỊU LỬA ĐÔLÔMI – CARBON TỪ NGUỒN NGUYÊN LIỆU CHÍNH TRONG NƯỚC
Authors: Cao Tiến Phú  , Hoàng Lê Anh  , Trần Thị Minh Hải  , Nguyễn Đức Thành
Published: February 2025

Gạch chịu lửa đôlômi-carbon có những đặc tính ưu biệt như bền với xỉ và thép lỏng, cũng như chi phí sản xuất thấp hơn so với gạch chịu lửa manhedi-carbon. Nên chúng ngày càng được sử dụng để xây lót thùng chứa thép và lò luyện thép trong ngành luyện kim. Bài báo trình bày kết quả nghiên cứu chế tạo gạch chịu lửa đôlômi - carbon từ nguyên liệu chính là đá đôlômit trong nước, giúp giảm được ngoại tệ nhập khẩu gạch chịu lửa. Nghiên cứu tập trung vào cốt liệu chịu lửa đôlômi từ quặng đôlômit có nguồn gốc từ tỉnh Hà Nam, có bổ xung bột mịn MgO và phụ gia thiêu kết (0,3% Fe2O3 hoặc 2,0% ZrO2). Thành phần cấp phối chế tạo gạch chịu lửa đôlômi – carbon gồm: cốt liệu dolomit 89,5% (phân bố kích thước hạt: 3-5 mm: 25,0%, 1-3 mm: 30,0%, 0-1 mm: 16,0%, bột mịn <0,08 mm: 29,0%) + carbon graphite (bột mịn <0,08 mm) 7,0% + phụ gia chống oxy hóa (Al) 3,5% + keo phenol formaldehyde 4,0%. Sản phẩm chế tạo đạt các chỉ tiêu: khối lượng thế tích cao (≥ 2,89 g/cm3), độ xốp biểu kiến thấp (≤ 6,0%), cường độ nén cao (≥ 40MPa) và nhiệt độ biến dạng dưới tải trọng cao (Tbd > 1550oC).
Pediatric syrups and their impact on oral health: The correlation with dental caries
Authors: Guimarães Sampaio Trajano Dos Santos Pedro , Coelho Travassos Rosana Maria , Almeida de Menezes Maria Regina , Prosini Priscila , De Albuquerque Pontes Mônica Maria , Alves Josué , Lessa Cavalcanti de Araújo Vanessa , Lopes de Freitas William Jose , Asfora Kattyenne Kabbaz , Moreira de Almeida Gustavo , Orestes Cardoso Maria do Socorro , Barreto Silva Luciano
Published: February 2025

Objective: The objective of this narrative review article is to address how pediatric syrups that are used as a medicinal means can harm the oral health of children, contributing to the development of dental caries. Methodology: Since this article is a narrative literature review, a range of scientifically proven information was required to compose the work. Thus, to acquire this set of content, research was carried out on undergraduate, master's and doctoral theses, as well as systematic and integrative review articles in conjunction with original articles derived from clinical trials. To obtain only quality, current and information-rich content, searches were carried out in the following databases: BVS/BIREME, PUBMED Central, Web of Science, PROSPERO, Scielo, The Cochrane Library in conjunction with Google Academy. Results: Pediatric syrups can harm the oral health of children, especially when they are prescribed for long-term use, due to their composition rich in sugars and acids, which promotes the development of dental caries. Conclusion: Pediatric syrups can indeed harm oral health when associated with other factors, and may contribute to the development of dental caries. It is extremely important that medicated syrups are created that do not contain sugar and have a reduced amount of acids so that they do not harm the dental structure.
Sepsis in liver failure patients: Diagnostic challenges and recent advancements
Authors: Kumar Ramesh , Kumar Abhishek , Kumar Sudhir
Published: February 2025

Acute liver failure (ALF) and acute-on-chronic LF (ACLF) are prevalent hepatic emergencies characterized by an increased susceptibility to bacterial infections (BI), despite significant systemic inflammation. Literature indicates that 30%–80% of ALF patients and 55%–81% of ACLF patients develop BI, attributed to immunological dysregulation. Bacterial sepsis in these patients is associated with adverse clinical outcomes, including prolonged hospitalization and increased mortality. Early detection of bacterial sepsis is critical; however, distinguishing between sterile systemic inflammation and sepsis poses a significant challenge due to the overlapping clinical presentations of LF and sepsis. Conventional sepsis biomarkers, such as procalcitonin and C-reactive protein, have shown limited utility in LF patients due to inconsistent results. In contrast, novel biomarkers like presepsin and sTREM-1 have demonstrated promising discriminatory performance in this population, pending further validation. Moreover, emerging research highlights the potential of machine learning-based approaches to enhance sepsis detection and characterization. Although preliminary findings are encouraging, further studies are necessary to validate these results across diverse patient cohorts, including those with LF. This article provides a comprehensive review of the magnitude, impact, and diagnostic challenges associated with BI in LF patients, focusing on novel advancements in early sepsis detection and characterization.
Redefining haemostasis: Role of rotational thromboelastometry in critical care settings
Authors: Kataria Sahil , Juneja Deven , Singh Omender
Published: February 2025

Management of patients with acute hemorrhage requires addressing the source of bleeding, replenishing blood volume, and addressing any coagulopathy that may be present. Assessing coagulopathy and predicting blood requirements in real-time in patients experiencing ongoing bleeding can pose substantial challenges. In these patients, transfusion concepts based on ratios do not effectively address coagulopathy or reduce mortality. Moreover, ratio-based concepts do not stop bleeding; instead, they just give physicians more time to identify the bleeding source and plan management strategies. In clinical practice, standard laboratory coagulation tests (SLCT) are frequently used to assess various aspects of blood clotting. However, these tests may not always offer a comprehensive understanding of clinically significant coagulopathy and the severity of blood loss. Furthermore, the SLCT have a considerable turnaround time, which may not be ideal for making prompt clinical decisions. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in point-of-care viscoelastic assays like rotational thromboelastometry, which provide real-time, dynamic information about clot formation and dissolution.
Thrombolysis in dysfunctional valve and stroke
Authors: Barrios-Martínez Dormar David , Pinzon Yuri Valentina , Giraldo Veronica , Gonzalez Gina
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Valvular heart disease affects more than 100 million people worldwide and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of at least moderate valvular heart disease is 2.5% across all age groups, but its prevalence increases with age. Mitral regurgitation and aortic stenosis are the most frequent types of valvular heart disease in the community and hospital context, respectively. Surgical valve replacement (or mitral valve repair) is the standard of care for treating heart valve disease. However, the replacement of a prosthetic heart valve can lead to complications, either in the peri-procedural phase or in the long-term follow-up period.

CASE SUMMARY

We present a case of a 71-year-old female patient with a history of mitral valve replacement and warfarin anti-coagulation therapy. She was admitted to the intensive care unit due to spontaneously reperfused ischemic stroke of probable cardioembolic etiology. A dysfunctional mitral prosthesis was identified due to malfunction of one of the fixed discs. Furthermore, a possible microthrombotic lesion was suspected. Therefore, systemic thrombolysis was performed with subsequent normalization of mitral disc opening and closing.

CONCLUSION

This case underscores the critical importance of a multidisciplinary approach for timely decision-making in critically ill patients with prosthetic valve complications.
Management of critical care emergencies in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Al-Beltagi Mohammed , Saeed Nermin Kamal , Bediwy Adel Salah , Alhawamdeh Rawan , Elbeltagi Reem
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Managing critical care emergencies in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presents unique challenges due to their distinct sensory sensitivities, communication difficulties, and behavioral issues. Effective strategies and protocols are essential for optimal care in these high-stress situations.

AIM

To systematically evaluate and synthesize current evidence on best practices for managing critical care emergencies in children with ASD. The review focuses on key areas, including sensory-friendly environments, communication strategies, behavioral management, and the role of multidisciplinary approaches.

METHODS

A comprehensive search was conducted across major medical databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, for studies published between 2000 and 2023. Studies were selected based on their relevance to critical care management in children with ASD, encompassing randomized controlled trials, observational studies, qualitative research, and case studies. Data were extracted and analyzed to identify common themes, successful strategies, and areas for improvement.

RESULTS

The review identified 50 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Findings highlighted the importance of creating sensory-friendly environments, utilizing effective communication strategies, and implementing individualized behavioral management plans. These findings, derived from a comprehensive review of current evidence, provide valuable insights into the best practices for managing critical care emergencies in children with ASD. Sensory modifications, such as reduced lighting and noise, visual aids, and augmentative and alternative communication tools, enhanced patient comfort and cooperation. The involvement of multidisciplinary teams was crucial in delivering holistic care. Case studies provided practical insights and underscored the need for continuous refinement of protocols.

CONCLUSION

The review emphasizes the need for a tailored approach to managing critical care emergencies for children with ASD. Sensory-friendly adjustments, effective communication, and behavioral strategies supported by a multidisciplinary team are integral to improving outcomes. Despite progress, ongoing refinement of care practices and protocols is necessary. This ongoing process addresses remaining challenges and engages healthcare professionals in continuous improvement of care for children with ASD in critical settings.
Depression Among Youth in Kerala: The Role of Community Hubs
Authors:   Student, Department of  Psychology, Don Bosco College Sulthan Bathery, VIJAYAKUMAR AVANI
Published: February 2025

Depression among youth is a critical mental health issue with significant implications for both personal well-being and societal health. In Kerala, approximately 1 in 5 youths experience depression, a mental illness characterized by prolonged low mood and loss of interest in activities, often leading to self-harm or suicide. This study explores the prevalence of depression among youth aged 15–35 in Kerala and assesses potential interventions. The objectives of the research include (a) assessing the prevalence of depression among youth, (b) identifying key factors contributing to depression, particularly engagement in meaningful activities, (c) exploring the correlation between social engagement, community resources, and depression onset, (d) evaluating the effectiveness of community-based interventions like "LinkComU – You Are Not Alone" in mitigating depression, and (e) recommending strategies for reducing depression rates through supportive community spaces. Data was collected from 300 individuals across 10 districts of Kerala using stratified sampling and a structured survey via Google Forms. Results indicate a significant correlation between a lack of engagement in meaningful activities and the onset of depression. The study suggests the creation of community hubs such as “LinkComU – You Are Not Alone,” offering supportive spaces with facilities like meditation centers, libraries, and media centers, which aim to reduce depression by engaging youth in productive, socially enriching activities.

Keywords: Youth, depression, community hub, mental health, Kerala, stratified sampling, suicide prevention
Strategic Enhancement of Remote Team Productivity Through Tailored Agile Methodologies as a Catalyst in a Decentralized Work Environment
Authors:   Research Guide. IIBM Institute Of Business Management, Shanmugam Mr. Lingeswaran ,   Affiliated With European Institute Of Applied Science And Management, Prague
Published: February 2025

Remote Agile teams face unique challenges such as time zone constraints, asynchronous communication, leadership disparities, and tool underutilization. While Agile methodologies were initially designed for co-located teams, their adaptation to remote environments requires modifications. This research investigates how tailored Agile frameworks can optimize productivity, improve
EMERGENCE AND EXPERIMENTATION OF REPUBLICANISM IN NEPAL’S SYSTEM OF GOVERNANCE
Authors: SAPKOTA DHAKARAM , KAFLE DOL
Published: February 2025

The transition of Nepal from a centuries-old monarchy to a republican system in 2008 marks a significant turning point in the nation's political history. The study aims to explore the emergence and development of republicanism in Nepal, focusing on the historical and political processes that led to the transition from a monarchy to a republic in 2008. The study employs a qualitative research design, utilizing historical documents, government records, academic publications, and interviews with political analysts and historians. The data were analyzed using an explanatory method to identify key factors and events shaping Nepal's republicanism. The study revealed the transition from monarchy to a republican system was driven by decades of political instability, public discontent, and the rise of the Maoist movement. The results highlight the critical role of the People's Movement of 2006 and the eventual collaboration between Maoists and parliamentary parties in dismantling the 240-year-old Shah dynasty. The study also underscores the need for sustained political reforms, transparent governance, and effective leadership to prevent a recurrence of the instability and disillusionment that fueled past uprisings and conflicts.
ANALYZING MALAYNESS IN WOMEN’S PAINTINGS USING PANOFSKY’S ICONOGRAPHY THEORY
Authors: ISNIN AIQA AFIQAH , SHUKOR RINA ABDUL , AZMIN AHMAD FAIZ , FADHILLAH NURAINA SHUHADAH HARIS
Published: February 2025

This study aims to examine Malaysian women's identities in art using Erwin Panofsky's iconography analysis, which has three levels: pre-iconographical description, iconographical analysis, and iconographical interpretation. The Malay artists' fight in 1958 to meet the need for identity searching inspired modern women revivalists to go on this quest. This was caused by the severe identity problem that Malaysian women painters went through from the 1950s to the 1970s. So, by rethinking what it means to be "Malay" and its cultural aspect, Malaysian women artists try to show an identity that goes along with Malay arts. This paper examines the Malay identity in Malaysian women's paintings using the art appreciation description method to examine the form and content of Malaysian women's images. To reach the goals listed above, visual content analysis is used. The conclusion of this paper will show how Malaysian women's paintings from the 1970s to the 1990s show the rise of Malay arts and cultural heritage ideals. Using the field of heritage arts, this piece will show what it means to be "Malay" by looking at the shape and content of each painting.
CULTURAL NOSTALGIA IN MO YAN’S A LATE BLOOMER
Authors: TU ANWEI , ALI HALIMAH MOHAMED
Published: February 2025

This paper explores how nostalgic feeling is present in A Late Bloomer, by Chinese novelist Mo Yan. A Late Bloomer evokes a sense of nostalgia of the past. In the face of the rapid development of rural China, Mo Yan makes a nostalgic narration in the work. Mo Yan’s work vividly depicts Northeast Gaomi Township, blending its physicality with mythic and historical dimensions. This space serves as a cultural microcosm, reflecting tensions between tradition and modernity, rural and urban. His ability to use this setting as a narrative kaleidoscope allows for a cultural reinterpretation of Chinese culture and history. Nostalgia often operates as a tool of narrative tension in Mo Yan’s fiction. His protagonists frequently experience a push-pull dynamic, torn between their memories and the harsh realities of the present. This reflects broader cultural anxieties about modernization and the erosion of traditional values. Andreas Huyssen analyzes the characteristics of culture memory, and examines how modern technological advancements and culture shifts contribute to a sense of temporal dislocation and memory loss. He discusses the pervasive of cultural amnesia as we approach the end of the 20th century. This paper uses the concept of cultural amnesia to analyze the reason why Mo Yan is nostalgic. This paper discusses how nostalgic plot is constituted in the work, and how Mo Yan deals with remembering and forgetting. It focuses on the setting and characters that capture the comparison between the past and the present.
The Study of EDA in China during 2013–2024: Current Status, Development, and Prospects
Authors: Ma Yishan , Zhang Xinyue , Zhang Weiwei
Published: February 2025

Ecological discourse analysis (EDA), an interdisciplinary field within the ecological framework, aims to uncover the role of language in shaping ecosystems. It explores the construction of the human—ecosystem relationship through language and examines the emergence and propagation of speciesism and anthropocentrism. This study comprehensively reviews and deeply analyzes China’s EDA research from 2013 to 2024. Relying mainly on the CNKI database and using the CiteSpace analysis method, it examines multiple aspects, including research trends, corpus types, research perspectives, and authors’ contributions. China’s EDA research has shown a steady growth trend. Scholars have applied it in various fields such as literature, tourism, and news media, using diverse corpora like translations of classical Chinese poetry, English poems, and news reports. Research approaches like harmonious discourse analysis and Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) have been widely employed. Nevertheless, several challenges remain. There is a shortage of quantitative research, insufficient exploration of discourse dissemination among social groups, and a delay in emerging media—related studies. For future research, it is essential to prioritize quantitative methods, focus on social—group differences, keep up with emerging media trends, strengthen interdisciplinary cooperation, integrate global and local perspectives, and monitor the dynamic changes in ecological discourse. This not only enhances China’s academic influence in this field but also promotes ecological protection by raising public awareness of the complex language—ecosystem relationship. Moreover, it can facilitate cultural exchange and understanding by comparing and integrating ecological discourses globally, enriching cultural diversity. In education, such research can offer valuable insights for curriculum design, helping students better understand ecological issues and fostering environmental responsibility from a linguistic perspective.
Distribution of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Gram Negative Bacteria Isolated from Contact Surfaces at Slaughterhouses and Butcheries
Authors: Ahmed Omar B. , Asghar Atif H. , Bamaga Majid , Mashat Bassam , Bahwerth Fayez S.
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND: Cross contamination of contact surfaces in slaughterhouses and meat shops (butcheries) may contain antibiotic resistance genes that pose a serious public health challenge.

AIMS: The present study aimed to assess prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in Gram-negative strains isolated from contact surfaces at slaughterhouses and meat shops.

METHODS: A total of 71 swab samples were collected from different contact surfaces at slaughterhouses and meat shops and cultured for bacterial identification, antibiotic resistance testing, and resistance gene detection.  Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect strA-strB, sul2, aadA1, tet(B), tet(A), cat, sul3, and blaSHV resistant genes in Gram-negative bacteria.

RESULTS: The results showed that the most common Gram-negative bacteria were Klebsiella pneumoniae (41.2%) and Escherichia coli (35.3%) followed by Enterobacter cloacae (5.9%). Resistance was most prevalent against trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (88.1%), ampicillin (85.3%), and cefuroxime (70.6%). The most prevalent antibiotic resistance gene was aadA1 (88.2%), followed by tet (A) (73.5%), and sul3 (70.6%). The results also indicated that 29.4% of the bacteria carried one resistance gene, 44.1% carried two genes, 20.6% carried more than two genes.

CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study emphasize the critical role of hygiene and antimicrobial stewardship in slaughterhouses and butcheries. The high prevalence of Gram-negative bacteria and their resistance to multiple antibiotics highlight the urgent need for improved sanitation practices and responsible antibiotic usage. Future studies should focus on whole-genome sequencing to further investigate resistance mechanisms and explore alternative disinfection strategies to reduce bacterial contamination in meat-processing facilities.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Politics and Law, Vol. 18, No. 1
Authors: Tai William
Published: February 2025

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Politics and Law, Vol. 18, No. 1, 2025
Anaphoric and exophoric uses of the pronoun “il(s)” in Congolese schoolchildren’s ess
Authors: Nkoula-Moulongo Solange
Published: February 2025

In this article, we discuss the construction of discursive cohesion by examining the pronoun il(s) as anaphoric or exophoric in schoolchildren’s essays. The written productions examined are those of college students aged between 13 and 16, students for whom fluency in the French language is assumed to be acquired. The analysis focused on referential indeterminations in writings of an argumentative nature. The results indicate that anaphoric practices give rise to gender and number breaks in the link between the pronoun and the antecedent. Exophoric practices give rise to non-text referents, a phenomenon that is visibly little perceived by the learner. However, the misuse of anaphorics does not break the textual coherence. And it ultimately seems that these deviations in the use of the pronoun il(s) do not have a strong bearing on the construction of co-reference and of textual progression and coherence.
Analisis Tindak Tutur Ilokusi Asertif dan Ilokusi Direktif Nisa Rostiana dalam Kanal Youtube Kinderflix
Authors: Audya Nilam Nariswari  , Dewi Trisnawati  , Elsa Revalina  , Hawa Amwalya Akasyah  , Nurlaili Ismiati  , Asep Purwo Yudi Utomo  , Rossi Galih Kesuma  , Bivit Anggoro Prasetyo Nugroho
Published: February 2025

Pragmatics is a branch of semiotic linguistics. Semiotics studies verbal language, symbols, signs, and their meaning in the means of life. Pragmatics examines the relationship between language and context and the relationship between language use and its speakers. This article, is more focused on discussing the analysis of speech acts in a video, where the definition of speech acts itself is an individual symptom, psychological in nature, and its continuity is determined by the speaker's language skills in dealing with certain situations and in speech acts that are seen are the meaning or meaning of the actions in the speech. The purpose of this study is to determine the directive and assertive speech acts of Nisa Rostiana on the Kinderflix YouTube channel. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative research method and pragmatic approach. The research data results from the identification or analysis of Nisa Rostiana's directive and assertive speech acts on the Kinderflix YouTube channel. The data collection technique used is a pragmatic approach in the form of free listening techniques, note-taking techniques, and documentation techniques. The pairing technique was also used to analyze the data. The informal method is used as a data presentation technique in this research. The data presentation is poured into a table containing some assertive and directive utterances and their reasons. The result of the analysis is 94 utterances which include 47 assertive utterances and 47 directive utterances. This research produces some assertive speeches that describe characteristics, state information, and express opinions. This research also produces some directive speeches that build active involvement with invitations, giving direct orders, and giving orders through requests. This study is useful as a guideline in determining assertive and directive illocutionary speech in a video, besides that the author can pay more attention to the differences in assertive and directive illocutionary speech acts.
Evaluasi Sistem Proteksi Kebakaran Aktif pada Gedung Administrasi Perusahan Listrik Surabaya
Authors: Senna Malik Ibrahim  , Jundan Ahsana Muhammad  , Kholis Widodo  , Mochammad Luqman Ashari
Published: February 2025

Fire is one of the serious threats to buildings, especially national vital objects such as Building B Administration Electric Company East Java. Evaluation of the fire protection system, which includes Portable Fire Extinguishers (APAR), hydrant systems, and Fire Alarm Systems (FAS), is important to ensure the readiness and suitability of the devices in dealing with potential fires. This study was conducted through direct observation and comparing the results with international safety standards such as NFPA 10, NFPA 14, and NFPA 72. The evaluation results showed that the level of suitability of APAR was 89%, the hydrant system 72.6%, and FAS 83.66%. Although most elements of the fire protection system have met the standards, improvements are needed, especially in hydrant accessibility, APAR maintenance, and the implementation of fire alarm simulations. This evaluation provides important input to improve operational security and safety at Building B Administration Electric Company East Java..