bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shanghai Cooperation Organization & NATO
Authors: Lupas Adrian-Florin
Published: August 2019

Regional blocs and organizations such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and NATO have started to assume a more significant role in establishing a clear political, economic and military agenda of their member states and can become the main instrument in solving transnational and global problems. Researching the characteristics of each of the aforementioned organizations and putting their agendas into antithesis is vital to understanding some of the future developments on a global scale. Analyzing the apparition of certain regional structures as instruments of limitation for the classic actors in global governance, the ways in which these structures clash and interact and the limitations to their power is a relatable example to the proposed general theme, worthy of discussion and debate. While the Shanghai Cooperation Organization cannot yet pride itself with the same achievements and initiatives on a global scale as NATO, the leaders of the member states and observing states are representatives of half of humanity and pose a serious question to the dynamic of global governance and regional polarity. The subject at hand, of a comparative and structural analysis of the SCO and NATO is all the more intriguing as we observe that the Shanghai Cooperation Organization can be perceived as one of the tentative limitations to US influence in Asia through NATO, acting as an instrument of global governance. Furthermore, the dynamic that can develop between the two organizations can offer interesting power plays in the not-so-distant future.
How to solve a crisis of legitimacy?
Authors: Reiff Anne
Published: August 2019

Who participates in the discourse of legitimation taking place in the WTO Public Forum and how do the participants evaluate the World Trade Organization (WTO)? This paper offers two empirical insights into the phenomenon of Global Governance. Firstly, the discourse of legitimation is analyzed with a quantitative text analytical tool. Secondly, as the framework of the discourse is a forum founded by the WTO to start dialogue with civil-society after the crisis of legitimacy in the 1990s, it sheds light on a strategy of Re-legitimation. The empirical results show that (1) the discourse in the forum is “emptying-out” as NGOs are largely replaced by Academia and national politicians and (2) that it is limited by power inequalities between the actors.
Votes, Clientelism, and Conditional Cash Transfer Programs
Authors: Espíndola da Silva Fábio Mariano
Published: August 2019

Studies in the field of clientelism show that this specific social phenomenon can influence the voting patterns and local behavior in developing countries, maintaining in power a political elite that detains the vast majority of the local economic resources. Conditional Cash Transfer Programs – such as Bolsa Familia in Brazil – are designed to provide direct cash transfers from the government to the poor, in return for some conditions. Those programs represent an unexpected variable in the equation of clientelism – they provide an escape for clients from their patrons, with resources that no longer depend on the patron’s approval. This paper pursues a hypothesis that the presence of Bolsa Familia changes the vote-seeking strategies of clientelistic patrons. Despite the theoretical evidences that this should be the observed, data analysis in a case study shows that empirical evidence is inconsistent and that further research on the matter should be pursued and improved.
Social Movements, Autonomy and the State in Latin America
Authors: Sippert Eric
Published: August 2019

Social movements have become an important part of the political realm in Latin America, overthrowing and installing leaders as well as challenging capitalism and the state itself. This study attempts to classify social movements into four different categories by the amount of autonomy they exercise from the state and then look at the effectiveness of each of these different groups. Through examining different strategies and outcomes from social movements in Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador and Mexico, I attempt to ascertain which degree of autonomy is most effective. This study finds that while the weakened state has made autonomous movements more effective, engaging the state can still be beneficial for social movements with achieving their objectives.
Ethnicity as Uncertainty Reducing Behavior
Authors: Claeson Benjamin
Published: August 2019

Scholars of ethnic violence have moved beyond the traditional primordialist constructivist debate into a much more thorough discussion exploring why mobilizations to violence along ethnic divisions are successful. This debate has sparked insight into many components that help to explain varied motivations for participation in ethnic violence. However, as of yet there has not been a systematic theory that can explain the prevalence of ethnic violence as opposed to violence based upon other categorizations. This paper argues that ethnic mobilization to violence is successful because ethnic identity offers a means of uncertainty reduction in times of chaos that allows people to create more effective risk assessments in their daily interactions. However, ethnic violence will only occur under conditions where more effective risk assessment tools are sufficiently weakened.
A Formula for the Measurement of Freedom
Authors: Mazinani Mehran
Published: August 2019

In this paper I shall explore how it is possible to measure freedom defined as whether or not a definite set of choices are actually available to a people, who have enough effective power to exercise them, regardless of whether they may or may not wish so. At first, two sets of data produced by two leading organizations—Freedom House and Human Development Programme—will be examined. Then, it will be suggested how it is feasible and advantageous to couple these two methods in order to set forth a more comprehensive formula. The primary objective of this paper is to present this formula.
Ideal and Beyond
Authors: Mehmetcik Hakan
Published: August 2019

There is now a substantial body of theory on international relations. However, to understand theories of International Relations, we need to focus on the history of the discipline, which somehow always starts with idealist theory of International Relations. Therefore, it is worth to plunging into the debate on the structure of idealist International Relations theory to grab the essence of the dynamics and aims of the attempts that theorists try to address in the International Relations. This effort also consists of finding out the use and abuse of theory within the discipline as an attempt to point out the myth functions in International Relations theories. The paper aims to present idealist theory of International Relations by pinpointing differences with realist impulses on human nature, the nature of international relations, and cyclical view of history.
The Pattern of China’s Global Activity
Authors: Mukhtarova Akbikesh
Published: August 2019

In this work, first, the question of conceptualization of “Power” in the Theory of International Relations will be analyzed. Secondly, I will investigate which type of “power” China is exercising in the neighboring Central Asian region as well as the geographically remote African continent. To be exact, I will apply the classification of power suggested by researchers Barnett and Duvall (2005): compulsory, institutional, structural and productive power to analyze the question: which instruments or type of power is using China in order to spread its influence in the aforementioned areas? In closing, this paper argues that both in Central Asia and Africa China is not using any kind of compulsory power instead prefers to exercise other forms of power such as, for instance, institutional and productive powers.
America
Authors: Perić Lana
Published: August 2019

The topic over whether or not the U.S. can be considered an imperial power has been largely debated over since the aggressive foreign policy tactics observed by former President George W. Bush. Since then, an anti-American attitude has had many accusing the U.S. of attempting to build an empire. The problem with many arguments is that they often inaccurately portray the idea of imperialism or the arguments are made with little understanding of the American institutions and how foreign policy is made. This research paper hopes to present the idea that there are various branches of imperialism to consider and that the United States have exhibited a liberal imperialist behaviour. To prove this thesis, this paper will show how the foreign policy system of the United States is altered to the external events in the world and that has assisted the United States in acting as a liberal imperial power.
Bureaucratic-Authoritarianism
Authors: Simsek Esra
Published: August 2019

This article provides an application of O’Donnell’s bureaucratic-authoritarianism theory in Turkish context though a survey of political unrest of 1970s and 1980 military coup. The theory is reappropriated through formal modelling in order to amend its previous weakness. Although BA theory is strong in explaining the destabilizing effect of modernity in late-developers, it lacks an actor level analysis. Thus, this paper takes political parties as active agents which instrumentalizes political violence and considers military as an institution bearing private interests. The formal design constitutes a break from traditional BA model and yields a “paralysis” equilibrium which is supported by historical account. Thus, the convergences and divergences between Turkish and Latin American context, reveals the need of recontextualization and reappropriation of BA theory, especially through inclusion of an agency-level analysis.
Optimization of Electroplating Thickness Quality at Hip Joint Implant using the Taguchi Method
Authors: Putri Sela Angela , Pujiyanto Eko , Triyono Joko
Published: August 2019

The hip joint is one of the most often used joints by humans in their activities. The hip joint can be impaired if an accident or an illness such as osteoarthritis-affected. It makes the patients need to get implants to restore their productivity. The implant must be biocompatible, bioactive, and have high strength and resilience to prevent damage. The implants in this study were made from 304 Stainless Steel. One of the stages in making implants is the electroplating process. The electroplating method implemented is hard chrome. Some operating conditions that affect the electroplating process and are used as independent variables are the concentration of chromic acid, electrical voltage, and length of coating time. This study aims to Optimization of Electroplating Thickness Quality at Hip Joint Implant. This study uses the Taguchi method to design the experiment and to obtain the optimum electroplating thickness results. ANOVA is used to obtain the effective prediction of the significance level. Process ANOVA was helped Minitab 16. Based on the ANOVA, it is known that the most significant factor for the electroplating thickness is the concentration of chromic acid, the voltage, and the least influential factor is the electroplating time.
MAN-IN-THE-MIDDLE-ATTACK: UNDERSTANDING IN SIMPLE WORDS
Authors: Mallik Avijit
Published: August 2019

These days cyber-attack is a serious criminal offense and it is a hot debated issue moreover. A man-in-the-middle-attack is a kind of cyberattack where an unapproved outsider enters into an online correspondence between two users, remains escaped the two parties. The malware that is in the middle-attack often monitors and changes individual/classified information that was just realized by the two users. A man-in-the-middle-attack as a protocol is subjected to an outsider inside the system, which can access, read and change secret information without keeping any tress of manipulation. This issue is intense, and most of the cryptographic systems without having a decent authentication security are threatened to be hacked by the malware named â€˜men-in-the-middle-attackâ€™ (MITM/MIM). This paper essentially includes the view of understanding the term of â€˜men-in-the-middle-attackâ€™; the current work is mainly emphasized to accumulate related data/information in a single article so that it can be a reference to conduct research further on this topic at college/undergraduate level. This paper likewise audits most cited research and survey articles on â€˜man-in-the-middle-attackâ€™ recorded on 'Google Scholar'. The motivation behind this paper is to help the readers for understanding and familiarizing the topic 'man-in-the-middle attack'.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN METODE VIDEOCD UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR BAHASA INDONESIA PADA MIS LAM GUGOP BANDA ACEH
Authors: Nurrizqa Nurrizqa , AR Khairan
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat pengaruh penggunaan metode pembelajaran VideoCD untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan multimedia Corel Video Studio pada siswa kelas VI A dan VI B di MIS Lam Gugop Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh yang didapatkan dalam penggunaan metode VideoCD untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa yang dilaksanakan pada MIS Lam Gugop Banda Aceh tanggal 25 Oktober s/d 1 November 2017 . Untuk mengukur pengaruhnya digunakan pendekatan kuantitatif.  Prosedur dilakukan untuk membandingkan metode ceramah dengan metode VideoCD yang telah dibuat, selanjutnya dengan memberikan soal pre-test dan post-test. pre-test diberikan setelah metode ceramah diterapkan dan post-test diberikan setelah metode VideoCD terlaksanakan. post-test berupa soal yang sama dengan pre-test, hal ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruhnya. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data menggunakan uji t dengan kriteria apabila r hitung > r tabel pada taraf signifikannya 0,05 dengan derajat bebas 60 maka H0 ditolak dan H1 deiterima. Didapatkan r tabel senilai 2,000 dan r hasil 4,370, jadi r hitung > r tabel maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima yaitu adanya pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap penggunaan metode VideoCD dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dengan multimedia Corel Video Studio di MIS Lam Gugop.
PENERAPAN APLIKASI KAMUS EKONOMI SYARI’AH BERBASIS ANDROID STUDI KASUS DI FAKULTAS EKONOMI DAN BISNIS ISLAM UIN AR-RANIRY BANDA ACEH
Authors: Putra Haji , Ahmadian Hendri
Published: August 2019

Dictionary is what is needed to find a term with the right translation. Current technological developments make things very easy and inexpensive. The use of smartphone technology is now very suitable to replace the printed dictionary into a digital dictionary. This study aims to provide convenience for users who want to find the meaning of the term syari'ah especially for students of the Islamic Economics Study Program of the Faculty of Economics and Islamic Business, Ar-Raniry State Islamic University, Banda Aceh. This research uses Research and Development (R&D) method and is supported by the waterfall method for system development. Based on the question number 10 in this study, the conclusion of the respondents is only 2% which states neutral from all respondents, it can be said that almost all respondents said the application of Islamic Economics Dictionary makes it easier in the search for shari'a economic terms rather than dictionary shaped print.
FINAL PROJECT CONSULTATION INFORMATION SYSTEM INTEGRATED NOTIFICATION SYSTEM BASED ON SMS GATEWAY
Authors: Satria Dedi , Zulfan Zulfan , Munawir Munawir , Mulyati Dewi
Published: August 2019

The process of final project research consultations is now often done by making a schedule to meet with supervisors within the time set by students and supervisors. It is known that the consultation process by the way it is done now still has problems from the effectiveness of student research time and the distance between the research center and the location of the supervisor. With these problems resulted in students not being timely in conducting research consultations with their supervisors. Therefore, a system is needed that can provide a system of research consultations remotely using internet facilities that are integrated with the consultation notification system via the SMS Gateway. The methodology is built using the phases of context diagrams, data flow diagrams and entity relationships. The system is built using PHP programming, mySQL database and Gammu. The results of the final project consultation information system research integrated with the notification system using the SMS Gateway have produced several tables and forms, namely student forms, lecturer forms, consultation forms and document forms. The form has been able to provide a remote consultation system using web media and has been able to provide notification notifications to students and lecturers regarding the consultation status using the SMS gateway service. It is expected that this information system can facilitate students and lecturers in conducting more effective and efficient consultations.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DENGAN MENGINTEGRASIKAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN COOPERATIVE LEARNING TIPE STAD DENGAN MEDIA CHEMSCETCH TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Harahap Siti Nurlani , Siregar Muhammad Fadlan
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Cooperative learning Tipe STAD dengan media chemschetch terhadap hasil belajar kimia siswa. Penelitian dilakukan di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 dan Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 3 Medan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X  Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 dan Negeri 3 Medan. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak empat kelas yang terdiri dari 2 kelas X  Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Medan dan 2 kelas X Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 3 Medan. Masing – masing kelas dibagi menjadi kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen. Jumlah siswa keseluruhan untuk  kelas kontrol dan eksperimen adalah 128 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acak (random sampling). Teknik analisa data dilakukan dengan paired sampel  uji T melalui program SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan model pembelajaran cooperative learning tipe STAD dengan media chemschetch terhadap hasil belajar siswa.
USER INTERFACE DESIGN FOR AREA BOUNDARY ARCHIVE APPLICATION OF BANDA ACEH MUNICIPALITY DEVELOPMENT PLANNING AGENCY
Authors: Sofyan Zuhra
Published: August 2019

This study aims to help the Development Planning Agency of Banda Aceh municipality in developing an online system interface for the data catalog of city boundary records. In addition, this research also aims to find out what functional requirements are needed by the user so the interface design will be able to assist people to store and retrieve the desired data. By using the DIA Cycle method, the interface design able to accommodate the user needs in utilizing the Banda Aceh city boundary catalog data archive system.
PERBANDINGAN PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI SCRATCH DAN MACROMEDIA FLASH 8 TERHADAP MINAT BELAJAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN ANIMASI 2D JURUSAN MULTIMEDIA DI SMK NEGERI 1 MESJID RAYA
Authors: Satriana Nadia , Yusran Yusran , Majid Basrul Abdul
Published: August 2019

Pada mata pelajaran Animasi 2D di kelas XI Multimedia SMKN 1 Mesjid Raya masih menggunakan aplikasi Macromedia Flash 8 . Padahal masih banyak aplikasi lainnya. Pada penelitian ini, penulis memperkenalkan aplikasi Scratch pada siswa-siswi dengan tujuan agar peneliti dapat membandingkan minat belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Animasi 2D menggunakan aplikasi Scratch dan Macromedia Flash 8. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif, yaitu menggambarkan dan menginterpretasikan sesuai data yang diperoleh. Sedangkan untuk pengumpulan datanya dengan menyebarkan angket/kuisioner kepada responden. Kemudian dari hasil angket dilakukan pengolah data dengan menggunakanediting, scoring, dan tabulating. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, minat belajar siswa menggunakan aplikasi Scratch lebih meningkat dibandingkan dengan menggunakan aplikasi Macromedia Flash 8. Rata-rata presentase respon siswa terhadap minat belajar pada mata pelajaran Animasi 2D adalah termasuk kriteria sangat tertarik, dengan perolehan rata-rata skor 97,48 dan persentase 81,2%. Sedangkan hasil frekuensi nilai rata-rata minat belajar Animasi 2D adalah siswa mencapai kriteria minat belajar yang tinggi terhadap mata pelajaran Animasi 2D, dengan perolehan skor 81,2.
SCHEDULED BASED CLOUD RESOURCE ALLOCATION
Authors: Mizuardy Hendy
Published: August 2019

The objective of this research The tremendous implementation of cloud computing technology has become a new trend that users can easily utilize high resources through IaaS platform. IaaS is more economical and easier way to have physical resources; in this case Virtual Machines in the cloud, rather than building the infrastructure by their own. To deliver internet services to users such as website, email service or other software applications, a service provider can utilize IaaS platform by leasing virtual infrastructure from a cloud provider and deploy their services on that VMs. However, it becomes a challenge for a service provider to maintain their services due to the increasing number of user requests. They have to maintain resources availability to provide maximum performance to meet their user satisfaction with optimal resources utilization. The approach in this paper will solve this problem by providing service provider a resource monitor module. The module monitors VMs workload based on schedule approach; peak time and off-peak time. According to these two criteria, the service provider can predict and allocate sufficient resources.
IDENTIFYING SALIENT ISSUES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION IN THE MUSLIM WORLD
Authors: Faizuddin Ahmad
Published: August 2019

Information and communication technology (ICT) in education has been widely used in many schools and learning institutions all over the world. However, the use of ICT in the Muslim world to improve the teaching and learning process is still limited. Indonesia as the most populace Muslim community in the world for instance, still does not have sufficient computer or Internet access in most of learning centers. This poses many challenges particularly in education. Young Muslims nowadays are caught between modernity and tradition. ICT can lead a Muslim to an ambiguous modern lifestyle and at the same time prying integrity of their identity. In some ways, Muslim youngsters are adopting technology with the aim to distance themselves from older people and traditional practices. On the other hand, there are some who challenge Western models. How should ICT education develop within an increasingly digital technological world? This article mainly highlights salient issues of ICT education in the Muslim world and the challenges of Muslim identity in the Internet era. It also examines the impact of digital technology on education for Muslim students and synthesizes ICT education from the Islamic point of view. Finally, some recommendations are appraised accordingly.
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM EFEKTIF ERA TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI
Authors: Darimi Ismail
Published: August 2019

Adapting to the technological era, learning activities are required to reduce the use of lecture methods and can be enriched in the use of instructional media, the role of learning media becomes increasingly important. ICT is a program, for tools, manipulation and convey information. The learning process of PAI can further facilitate the search for information, manipulation, management and transfer of science or transfer of information, so that the integration of ICT in the learning process becomes an important role in developing students' thinking ability, developing skills in the field of ICT to smooth the learning process, ICT especially in PAI lessons, and transforming schools into creative and dynamic learning institutions so that students are motivated, always curious in PAI learning. Broadly speaking media can be classified into graphics, audio, silent projections, games and simulations. Effective learning requires good planning of one of the media that will be used in the learning process. ICT is a very effective medium in learning PAI in the era of technology
PENERIMAAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS E-LEARNING DI DAYAH JEUMALA AMAL LUENG PUTU, PIDIE JAYA
Authors: Yusuf Bustami , Ahmadian Hendri , Mailany Masrura , Abdul Majid Basrul , Asnawi Yusran
Published: August 2019

The growth of Information Technology (IT) has changed the order of conventional learning process toward the learning model without geographical boundaries, which is known as E-learning. This study aims to explore the readiness of Dayah Jeumala Amal Lueng Putu to implement the E-learning method by using ELR Aydin & Tasci data analysis model. The results of this study has shown that Dayah Jeumala Amal is ready to implement learning system based on E-learning except on Human Resources factor (2.99) and Innovation factor (3.11). The highest score is on Technology factor (4.02), followed by self-development factor (3.57). This study contributes to educational institutions to improve the quality of human resources and innovation in the implementation of learning methods based on E-learning.
Central Actor Identification of Crime Group using Semantic Social Network Analysis
Authors: Tahalea Sylvert Prian , SN Azhari
Published: August 2019

The Police as law enforcers who authorize in terms of social protection are expected to do both the prevention and investigation efforts also the settlement of criminal cases that occurred in the society. This research can help police to identify the main actor faster and leads to solving crime-cases. The use of overall centrality is very helpful in determining the main actors from other centrality measures. The purpose of this research is to identify the central actor of crimes done by several people. Semantic Social Network Analysis is used to perform central actor identification using five centrality measurements, such as degree centrality, betweenness centrality, closeness centrality, eigenvector centrality, and overall centrality. As for the relationship between actors, this research used social relation such as friendship, colleague, family, date or lover, and acquaintances. The relationship between actors is measured by first four centrality measures then accumulated by overall centrality to determine the main actor. The result showed 80.39% accuracy from 102 criminal cases collected with at least 3 actors involved in each case.
Progressive arthropathy in the course of immune tolerance induction failure in a child with hemophilia A and FVIII inhibitor – a case report
Authors: Łaguna Paweł , Klukowska Anna , Ćwikła Jarosław , Matysiak Michał
Published: August 2019

We present the case of an 18.5-year-old boy with hemophilia A and FVIII inhibitor detected at the age of 8 months. No persistent inhibitor eradication was achieved, despite three attempts of immune tolerance induction (ITI) with temporary inhibitor resolution and subsequent administration of 11 doses of rituximab. In spite of hemostatic treatment, rehabilitation, and radiosynovectomy, the patient suffered from recurrent bleeding episodes into almost all major joints, which resulted in the development of progressive hemophilic arthropathy. Currently, due to high frequency of bleeding episodes, the patient is being treated prophylactically and receives prophylaxis with activated prothrombin complex concentrate (aPCC).
Remediation Model Used in a Pharmacy Calculations Course
Authors: Brown Dana
Published: August 2019

Remediation is a required component of pharmacy programs. In a pharmacy calculations course, two student-centered models of remediation have been utilized. These models were a shift from an intensive, hands-on infrastructure of faculty and student engagement to a more student self-directed process.  The models utilized development of an individualized plan for each student, clearly outlined expectations, faculty availability for consultation, as well as flexibility in remote completion of the assigned activities.  Both models resulted in student success.  

 

Article Type: Note
Opinions, Barriers, and Facilitators of Injury Prevention in Recreational Runners
Authors: Fokkema Tryntsje , de Vos Robert-Jan , Bierma-Zeinstra Sita M.A. , van Middelkoop Marienke
Published: August 2019

Background

Effective injury prevention measures for running-related injuries (RRIs) have not yet been identified. More insight into the opinions of runners about injury prevention might help to develop effective injury prevention programs that are supported by the target population.

Objectives

To describe the opinions of recreational runners on different components of injury prevention, and to identify the barriers to and facilitators of injury prevention in adult recreational runners.

Methods

In this comparative cross-sectional study, a single questionnaire was sent to 2378 recreational runners. The questionnaire contained questions about their interests, actions undertaken, and perceived barriers to and facilitators of injury prevention. Descriptive analyses were used to examine differences with regard to sex, age, and previous RRIs.

Results

One thousand thirty-four adult recreational runners (43.5%) responded to the questionnaire. Runners with previous RRIs were more likely to rate injury prevention as very useful than runners who had never sustained an RRI (76.8% versus 63.6%, P<.001). In total, 81.8% of the participants indicated that they already performed preventive measures, including changes to training schedules (65.4%) and warming up and cooling down (57.8%). Most frequently reported barriers to injury prevention were “not knowing what to do” (45.2%) and “no history of RRI” (34.6%). The most important facilitator was an injury (60.1%). Women more often preferred information via a trainer or running store than did men, while men more frequently preferred websites or e-mail.

Conclusion

The majority of runners rated injury prevention as important. To increase effectiveness, future prevention programs should be developed with an awareness of the barriers and facilitators experienced by adult runners. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2019;49(10):736–742. Epub 23 Aug 2019. doi:10.2519/jospt.2019.9029
ORIENTASI SEKSUAL KOMUNITAS GAY MUSLIM DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Mulia Harpan Reski
Published: August 2019

This article aims to explore gay sexual orientation which is clashed with Islam and Psychology. In Islamic teachings, gay behavior that refers to acts of liwat} is an act that is forbidden. Even the death penalty is a threat to people who have a sexual orientation to the same sex. Based on this matter, this paper explores the case, where religious translations appear to meet irreconcilable needs, namely between gay and Islam. The research method used in this paper is qualitative with an approach Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The formal object used is the lens of the Vaillant version of the self-defense mechanisms theory. The results found in this study show that gays admit that their sexual orientation is a sin. They are aware of this as a whole, but none of the subjects of this study wish to leave Islam. The methods of gay in reconciling the conflict are: First, Islam is seen as a forgiving religion: Secondly, it is sinful to have sex outside marriage either homo or hetero and Third, sexual orientation is considered as the nature of God.

Abstrak

         Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplore orientasi seksual kaum gay yang dibenturkan dengan Agama Islam dan Psikologi. Di dalam Ajaran Islam, perilaku gay yang merujuk pada perbuatan liwath merupakan perbuatan yang diharamkan. Bahkan hukuman mati menjadi ancaman bagi orang yang memiliki orientasi seksual kepada sesama jenis. Berdasarkan hal tersebut tulisan ini mengeksplorasi kasus, dimana terjemah agama muncul untuk memenuhi kebutuhan yang tidak bisa didamaikan, yaitu antara gay dan Islam. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan Interpretatif Phenomenological Analisis (IPA). Objek formal yang digunakan adalah lensa teori mekanisme pertahan diri versi Vailant. Adapun hasil yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, gay mengakui bahwa orientasi seksual yang mereka miliki adalah dosa. Mereka menyadari hal tersebut secara utuh, namun tidak ada satupun dari subjek penelitian ini berkeinginan untuk meninggalkan Islam. Adapun cara-cara yang dilakukan gay dalam mendamaikan konflik tersebut, adalah: Pertama, Islam dipandang sebagai agama pengampun: Kedua, berdosa jika melakukan seks diluar nikah baik homo maupun hetero; dan Ketiga, orientasi seksual dianggap sebagai fitrah dari Tuhan.
Dampak Penambangan Batu Gunung Di Desa Merangin Kecamatan Kuok Ditinjau Menurut Ekonomi Islam
Authors: Yuliani Meri
Published: August 2019

Pertambangan yang terletak di desa Merangin Kecamatan Kuok ini berupa batu gunung yang harus dimanfaatkan bagi kemakmuran dan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Tetapi pada realitanya, usaha pertambangan batu gunung di Desa Merangin Kecamatan Kuok banyak menimbulkan dampak negatif di bandingkan dampak positif. Hal ini terkait dengan ekonomi masyarakat, lingkungan hidup dan kehidupan sosial. Dampak negatif yang ditimbulkan penambangan batu gunung di Desa Merangin ini terutama pada kerusakan lingkungan yang dapat membahayakan kehidupan Masyarakat. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan penambangan batu gunung di Desa Merangin menggunakan alat-alat yang sederhana (secara manual)dan ativitas penambangan ini tidak memiliki izin dari pemerintah Kabupaten Kampar. Penambangan batu gunung di Desa merangin ini tidak hanya menimbulkan dampak positif tetapi juga menimbulkan dampak negatif terutama pada kerusakan lingkungan yang dapat membahayakan kehidupan masyarakat. Menurut ekonomi Islam,  penambangan batu gunung di Desa Merangin Kecamatan Kuok tidak sesuai dengan prinsip ekonomi Islam, ditemukan indikasi-indikasi yang bertentangan dengan prinsip ekonomi Islam, seperti melanggar kaidah-kaidah dalam berproduksi dan proses produksi.
Comparative Evaluation of Esthetic Materials Used for Fixed Partial Prosthesis Placed On Vital Abutments on The Periodontal Status: A One Year Retrospective Follow-Up
Authors: Shreya Shetty  , Karunakar Shetty  , Raghad Tayeb  , Jumana Abdou  , Badariya Fetaihi  , Khamrunissa Hussain Sheikh
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND: The replacement of missing teeth with fixed partial dentures is largely dependent upon the health and stability of the surrounding periodontal structures. FPDs are often prepared on vital teeth as abutments. Esthetic materials have become popular in fixed prosthodontics today.

AIM: The present study aimed to assess the long term effect and tissue responses of various types of fixed partial prosthesis placed on vital abutment teeth on the periodontal parameters both clinically and radiographically.

MATERIALS AND METHOD:  Following ethical committee approval, the study group comprised of 87 abutment teeth in 41 systemically healthy patients (24 males and 17 females) aged between 18 – 45 years who had received 3 unit fixed prosthesis(IPS empress, PFM or zirconia), having equigingival margins using vital teeth as abutments. The following parameters were assessed at the time of bridge placement and 1 year follow up – CAL, Probing depth, Distance between CEJ/ cervical crown margin and alveolar crest of the abutment teeth(radiograph).

RESULTS: Statistical analysis carried out by SPSSV22 software revealed significant changes in clinical parameters with IPS empress and radiographic parameters with PFM and Zirconia from time of bridge placement till the 1 year follow up.(P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: There seemed to be favorable responses of the periodontal tissues to the various esthetic materials used on vital abutments of FPDs.
Caries Risk Assessment: Cariogram-An Insight
Authors: Mohit Bansal  , Ruhee Sangha  , Simran Bahra  , Navdeep Kaur Walia
Published: August 2019

Dental caries is a public health problem. A new interactive graphical computorised system was introducted which is belived to record the caries risk assessment in less time depending of number of factors. This paper focus on the different sectors used in cariogram and its importance in reducing the caries risk.
Torque Teno Virus and Hepatitis: A review on correlation.
Authors: Hazanudin Siti Nurzulaikha , Othman Zulkefley , Sekawi Zamberi , Kqueen Cheah Yoke , Rasdi Rasnaizam
Published: August 2019

Torque teno virus (TTV) is one of the “orphan” virus that have been discovered almost two decades ago, with little information on the relationship of the infection to any diseases. It is one of the 45% of commensal virus which was found throughout the population and becoming one of the most extensively studied viruses on its prevalence among various level of health status. From healthy blood donors to patients who suffered severe illness, TTV infection level seems to be high and the findings has triggered an interest from the researcher. Even though the study on TTV prevalence is actively performed, the actual pathogenesis of TTV to any specific diseases is yet to be ascertained. Many suggestions on the possible association of TTV infection with severe diseases such as acute respiratory diseases, liver-related diseases and even cancer have been discussed. However, one type of diseases which might have an association with TTV is hepatitis. Albeit, it remains a theory as the actual pathogenicity of TTV is not fully understood.
Negotiating intercultural spaces and teacher identity in an internationalised school in Shanghai
Authors: Poole Adam
Published: August 2019

There is now a general acceptance that schools need to prepare students for the realities of a globalised world, which necessitates developing intercultural competence. Such an educational mandate is felt particularly keenly in internationalised schools, where the work of teaching and learning involves the negotiation of diverse cultural assumptions, practices, and identities on a daily basis. Whilst schools are in a position where they need to formulate some kind of understanding of what intercultural competence means and how it is expected to be developed with educational content and pedagogical practices, the notion of intercultural competence is perpetually contested. Critical scholars have critiqued the tendency for theorising on intercultural competence to adhere to “solid” notions of culture and assume that there is an end to the intercultural process at which point an individual will become interculturally competent (e.g., Dervin, 2016; Ferri, 2018). This paper, however, argues that it is important to understand the ways in which solid notions of culture surface in the lived experiences of teachers working in intercultural contexts. The paper draws on findings from a qualitative case study of international teachers’ cross-cultural experiences in an international school in Shanghai, China to highlight the ways in which individuals draw on notions of solid culture as a resource for claiming an identity position in relation to dominant cultural practices in the local context.
How to reach the world outside: Suggestions for fostering intercultural communication and understanding in Japanese elementary school English classrooms
Authors: Davidson Rachel
Published: August 2019

As Japan prepares for the 2020 Summer Olympics, the elementary school English curriculum is rapidly changing, with new textbooks and more class hours devoted to English education. These language classes have the potential to clarify and improve students’ perceptions of global cultures, including their own. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to provide practical suggestions for Japanese Teachers of English (JTEs), Assistant Language Teachers (ALTs), and Japanese homeroom teachers to foster intercultural communication and understanding in their Grade 5 and 6 classrooms. Elaborating upon ideas in (Davidson & Liu, 2018), this article proposes that students may develop intercultural competencies through authentic materials, guided in-class discussions, English Notebook assignments, and local engagement with international interlocutors. While tailored to the Japanese elementary school classroom, these suggestions may be adapted to other EFL contexts as well.
GAHARU (Gyrinops versteegii (Gilg.) Domke) DI PULAU SUMBAWA: SEBUAH TINJAUAN ETNOBOTANI
Authors: Mulyaningsih Tri , Sukenti Kurniasih
Published: August 2019

Gaharu merupakan salah satu hasil hutan non-kayu bernilai ekonomi tinggi di Indonesia, di mana Pulau Sumbawa merupakan salah satu wilayah penghasil gaharu yang berkualitas, yaitu spesies Gyrinops versteegii. Namun tingginya potensi gaharu adakalanya tidak diimbangi dengan ketersediaan populasi yang mencukupi untuk dapat memenuhi permintaan pasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan eksplorasi etnobotani terhadap Gyrinops versteegii (Thymelaceae) di Pulau Sumbawa dari aspek budidaya, ekonomi, dan pemanfaatan. Hasil penelitian diharapkan merupakan komplemen informasi bagi pengembangan dan konservasi Gyrinops versteegii di Nusa Tenggara Barat, dan Indonesia pada umumnya.
VARIASI KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA MASYARAKAT LOMBOK TIMUR BERDASARKAN KETINGGIAN TEMPAT
Authors: Inayati Rizqa , Hadi Islamul , Faturrahman Faturrahman , Zamroni Yuliadi
Published: August 2019

Hemoglobin merupakan protein terkonjugasi yang berfungsi sebagai pengikat oksigen dan karbon dioksida didalam darah. Semakin tinggi suatu tempat dari permukaan laut maka tekanan parsial oksigen akan menurun. Mengatasi hal tersebut, tubuh akan merespon dengan proses aklimatisasi. Salah satunya berupa peningkatan produksi eritrosit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui variasi kadar hemoglobin pada masyarakat Lombok Timur berdasarkan aspek ketinggian tempat. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik deskriptif dengan metode cross sectional. Metode: subjek pada penelitian ini diambil darahnya sebanyak 1,5 cc dengan total sampel sebanyak 132 probandus pada 4 lokasi sampling (Desa Labuhan Haji, Lendang Nangka Utara, Sapit, dan Sembalun Lawang) dan dianalisis menggunakan metode sianmethemoglobin di Laboratorium. Selanjutnya dibuat permodelan dengan Linear Mixed Effects Models menggunakan program R statistical. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan kadar hemoglobin pada masyarakat Lombok Timur berdasarkan pengelompokan ketinggian. Adapun faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar hemoglobin yaitu berupa berat badan dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,0070, sedangkan faktor lingkungan berupa ketinggian, saturasi oksigen, dan tekanan parsial tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata.
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS IKAN DI SUNGAI BELIMBING KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR
Authors: Sari Indah Puspita , Hadi Islamul , Zamroni Yuliadi
Published: August 2019

Sungai Belimbing merupakan sungai yang terletak di kabupaten Lombok Timur dengan kondisi air yang bersih dan belum tercemar khususnya di bagian hulu. Penelitian tentang keanekaragaman jenis ikan di sungai Belimbing telah dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2017 sampai Juli 2018. Jenis penelitian termasuk deskriptif eksploratif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini purposive sampling. Sampel yang dikoleksi kemudian di identifikasi di Laboratorium Riset Ekologi dan Biosistematika Hewan, Universitas Mataram. Penelitian ini berhasil mengoleksi 191 individu ikan yang termasuk dalam 14 spesies dan terbagi dalam 8 famili di sungai Belimbing Kabupaten Lombok. Indeks keanekaragaman ikan di sungai Belimbing sebesar 1,752 dibagian hulu, 0,849 dibagian tengah dan 2,233 dibagian hilir sungai dengan indeks dominasi berturut-turut dari hulu ke hilir sebesar 0,119; 0,59 dan 0,071. Nilai indeks ini menunjukkan tingkat keanekaragaman jenis ikan pada bagian hulu dan hilir sedang, sedangkan pada bagian tengah tergolong rendah. Selain itu, terdapat spesies ikan yang mendominasi perairan sungai Belimbing yaitu spesies Puntius binotatus.
Persepsi Calon Guru Terhadap Model E-Assessment Dalam Pembelajaran Fisika
Authors: Sahidu Hairunisyah , Gunawan Gunawan , Herayanti Lovy
Published: August 2019

Assessment is an essential part of learning. The success of a lesson can be known from the results of the assessment carried out both in aspects of the process and product. Some problems related to conventional assessments have to find the right solution. One of them is through the use of computer technology in assessment, which can be used both online and offline in a model better known as e-assessment. The final goal of this research is to produce an e-assessment model that is oriented to the thinking ability of the physics teacher candidates. This research includes development research, using the DDD-E model, namely: decide, design, develop, and evaluate. This article discusses the responses of students and lecturers to the models that have been developed. Respondents gave a positive response to the development of this model. Student responses are at intervals of 86% to 94%, with excellent categories. This model has the opportunity to continue to be developed for evaluation effectively and efficiently.
Transformable Geometries of Architecture between the Years of 1950 and 2015
Authors: Elipe Mª Dolores Álvarez
Published: August 2019

During 50 and 60 years, architecture began to experiment new processes of adaptation defining new deployable typologies in the engineering and architecture that had not been experienced until that moment. Transformable forms were developed from the study of geometry. Since then it has been emerged studies of this type by researchers who have continued or have been interested in these works. Geometry, structure and form will be the same. The form will be understand like a fluid concept, in which is more important to provide the empty in the structure that providing the masses. The future of architecture is the lightness. This paper presents a synthesis of the art state of the set of technical solutions to the design of architectures based on geometric deployable structures that will be applied to the building construction. The condition of the transformable forms will characterize the innovative production systems of contemporary architecture. This study provides a strong documental foundation for research on the significance of new structural and constructive systems in the production of the current deployable architecture.
Newborn skin care strategies in neonatal unit
Authors: Delgado Bruna Schiphorst , Costa Roberta , Vesco Stéfany Nayara Petry Dal , Santos Flávia Aguiar , Santos Simone Vidal
Published: August 2019

Objective: To identify skin care strategies for newborns (NB) used in reference centers of the Kangaroo-Mother Care Method (KMC) in Brazil. Methods: Descriptive exploratory study, using a qualitative approach, performed with 13 nurses working in the different reference centers of the KMC in Brazil. Data were collected through an online form. Analysis was performed descriptively, comparing the different studies realities. Results: Four categories were described regarding skin care of NB through the experience of the nurses: strategies adopted by the team regarding skin care of NBs; dealing with the health team regarding bath and dipper disposal; care regarding fixation of devices in NBs, and strategies adopted by the NB team under phototherapy. Conclusion: The nurses presented capacity, and they were highly trained to act in their areas of experience and knowledge. The answers indicated that there is a great concern in avoiding the usage of materials and devices that could cause harm to NB skin.