bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Confluence of Random Walks, Interacting Particle Systems, and Distributed Machine Learning: Federated Learning through Crawling over Networks
Authors: Hosseinalipour Seyyedali
Published: May 2024

In this work, we aim to unveil a new class of intermediate FL architectures between centralized and decentralized schemes called “FedCrawl.” FedCrawl takes advantage of benefits of D2D communications similar to decentralized schemes; however, it uses them in a nuanced way. FedCrawl is inspired by web crawlers, which effectively explore the websites to find updated/new content posted on the internet. The cornerstone of FedCrawl is its innovative conceptualization of neural networks (NNs) or other used ML models as autonomous entities, called random walkers, with the capability to move or jump across nodes in the network through peer-to-peer (P2P) or device-to-device (D2D) connections. We introduce five research aspects to study the nuanced intricacies governing random walker behavior in these environments. The first research aspect addresses the interplay between network topology and data distribution, emphasizing the importance of considering both factors for designing efficient random walks in FedCrawl. The second research aspect explores the applicability of node importance metrics in
optimizing random walker paths for FedCrawl. We propose a dynamic perception-aware design, discussed in the third research aspect, where transition matrices adapt to the evolving state of random walkers, balancing exploration and exploitation. The fourth research aspect introduces innovative features like skipping, memory look-back, and caching/trailing to enhance random walker performance. Lastly, the fifth research aspect delves into the dynamics of multiple random walkers in networked environments, introducing the concept of multi-pole random walkers. Complementing these five research aspects, we present five conjectures, each introducing novel perspectives and methodologies in the domain of decentralized learning. These conjectures encompass areas such as temperature-based characterization of random walkers and network nodes, dynamic transition matrices, non-Markovian processes, and an evolutionary framework for random walker patterns.
Framework for Federated Learning and Edge Deployment of Real-Time Reinforcement Learning Decision Engine on Software Defined Radio
Authors: Jagannath Jithin
Published: May 2024

Machine learning promises to empower dynamic resource allocation requirements of Next Generation (NextG) wireless networks including 6G and tactical networks. Recently, we have seen the impact machine learning can make on various aspects of wireless networks. Yet, in most cases, the progress has been limited to simulations and/or relies on large processing units to run the decision engines as opposed to deploying it on the radio at the edge. While relying on simulations for rapid and efficient training of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) may be necessary, it is key to mitigate the sim-real gap while trying to improve the generalization capability. To mitigate these challenges, we developed the Marconi-Rosenblatt Framework for Intelligent Networks (MR-iNet Gym), an open-source architecture designed for accelerating the deployment of novel DRL for NextG wireless networks. To demonstrate its impact, we tackled the problem of distributed frequency and power allocation while emphasizing the generalization capability of DRL decision engine. The end-to-end solution was implemented on the GPU-embedded software-defined radio and validated using over-the-air evaluation. To the best of our knowledge, these were the first instances that established the feasibility of deploying DRL for optimized distributed resource allocation for next-generation of GPU-embedded radios.
Federated Learning of Things - Expanding the Heterogeneity in Federated Learning
Authors: Kuzdeba Scott
Published: May 2024

The Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized how our devices are networked, connecting multiple
aspects of our life from smart homes and wearables to smart cities and warehouses. IoT’s strength
comes from the ever-expanding diverse heterogeneous sensors, applications, and concepts that are all
centered around the core concept collecting and sharing data from sensors. Simultaneously, deep
learning has changed how our systems operate, allowing them to learn from data and change the way
we interface with the world. Federated learning moves these two paradigm shifts together, leveraging
the data (securely) from the IoT to train deep learning architectures for performant edge applications.
However, today’s federated learning has not yet benefited from the scale of diversity that the IoT and
deep learning sensors and applications provide. This talk explores how we can better tap into the
heterogeneity that surrounds the potential of federated learning and use it to build better models. This
includes the heterogeneity from device hardware to training paradigms (supervised, unsupervised,
reinforcement, self-supervised).
A Dataset for Estimating Participant Inspiration in Meetings toward AI-Based Meeting Support System to Improve Worker Wellbeing
Authors: Arai Soki , Yamamoto Yuki , Nozaki Yuji , Matsukura Haruka , Sakamoto Maki
Published: May 2024

Various meetings are carried out in intellectual production activities and workers have to spend much time to create ideas. In creative meetings, it is sometime difficult for the meeting moderators and facilitators to efficiently conduct the meetings because the participants are required to come up with new ideas one after another and some participants hesitate to express unconventional ideas. Therefore, we propose to develop an AI-based meeting support system that estimates participants’ inspiration and helps to generate comfortable meeting environments for improvement of worker wellbeing. Participants’ inspiration is assumed to be estimated based on their speech and micro behaviors including smiles and nods. In this paper, a dataset we collected for the development of the proposed system is reported. The dataset consists of participants’ brain blood flows measured near-infrared spectrometers, micro behavior annotated from video recording, and inspiration the participants reported with buttons. The data for 1020 min was collected by conducting simulation meetings. In future work, we plan to train an LSTM (long short-term memory) based neural network model to realize the proposed system.
Engineering Approach to Explore Language Reflecting Well-Being
Authors: Ito Kazuhiro , Hayashi Junko , Wakamiya Shoko , Manabe Masae , Watanabe Yasushi , Nakayama Masataka , Uchida Yukiko , Aramaki Eiji
Published: May 2024

Although well-being is helpful in measuring the state of society from various perspectives, past research has been limited to (1) questionnaire surveys, which make it difficult to target a large number of people, and (2) the major indices focus on individual factors and do not incorporate group factors. To tackle these issues, we collected daily reports from the company employees that included text, their individual subjective well-being, and team subjective well-being. By using the collected data, we constructed a well-being estimation model based on the Large Language Model and examined an indicator called ``sharedness index'', as a state of the team that influences an individual well-being, measured using both score- and text-based methods.
Sleep Stage Estimation by Introduction of Sleep Domain Knowledge to AI: Towards Personalized Sleep Counseling System with GenAI
Authors: Nakari Iko , Takadama Keiki
Published: May 2024

As a first step towards realizing an AI sleep counselor capable of generating personalized advice, this paper proposes a method for monitoring daily sleep conditions with a mattress sensor. To improve the accuracy of sleep stage estimation and to get accurate sleep structure, this paper introduced sleep domain knowledge to machine learning for improving the accuracy of sleep stage estimation. Concretely, the proposed method estimates ultradian rhythm based on the body movement density, updates prediction probabilities of each sleep stage by ML model and applies WAKE/NR3 detection based on the large/small body movement. Through the human subject experiment, the following implications have been revealed: (1) the proposed method improved the percentage of Accuracy by 65.0% from 61.5% and the QWK score by 0.196 from 0.297 by the conventional machine learning method; (2) the proposed method prevents over-NR12 estimating and is useful for understanding sleep structure by estimating REM sleep and NR3 sleep correctly. (3) the correct estimation of ultradian rhythms significantly improved the sleep stage estimation, with an Accuracy of 77.6% and a QWK score of 0.52 when all subjects' ultradian rhythms were estimated correctly.
Cultural Algorithm Guided Policy Gradient with Parameter Exploration
Authors: Nuppnau Mark , Kattan Khalid , Reynolds R. G.
Published: May 2024

This study explores the integration of cultural algorithms (CA) with the Policy Gradients with Parameter-Based Exploration (PGPE) algorithm for the task of MNIST hand-written digit classification within the EvoJAX framework. The PGPE algorithm is enhanced by incorporating a belief space, consisting on Domain, Situational, and History knowledge sources (KS), to guide the search process and improve convergence speed. The PGPE algorithm, implemented within the EvoJAX framework, can efficiently find an optimal parameter-space policy for the MNIST task. However, increasing the complexity of the task and policy space, such as the CheXpert dataset and DenseNet, requires a more sophisticated approach to efficiently navigate the search space. We introduce CA-PGPE, a novel approach that integrates CA with PGPE to guide the search process and improve convergence speed. Future work will focus on incorporating exploratory knowledge sources and evaluate the enhanced CA-PGPE algorithm on more complex datasets and model architectures, such as CIFAR-10 and CheXpert with DenseNet.
NREM3 Sleep Stage Estimation Based on Accelerometer by Body Movement Count and Biological Rhythms
Authors: Shintani Daiki , Nakari Iko , Washizaki Satomi , Takadama Keiki
Published: May 2024

This paper proposes the method by physiological knowledge to improve the estimation performance of the NREM3 sleep based on the waist-attached accelerometer. Specifically, this paper proposes the hybrid method that combines the method based on body movement counts and the method based on biological rhythms of sleep. Through the human subject experiment, the following implications were revealed: (1) the proposed method can outperform famous machine learning models (Random Forest and LSTM) trained with automatically generated features that do not sufficiently incorporate domain knowledge; (2) when the input features are based on domain knowledge, the estimator explicitly designed by humans can outperform the machine learning method; and (3) combining the body movement counting method and the biological rhythm-based method can suppress the error of the body movement counting method and reduce false positives.
Social Smarts with Tech Sparks: Harnessing LLMs for Youth Socioemotional Growth
Authors: Vo Kevin
Published: May 2024

This study proposal combines the transformative potential of GPT-4 with an innovative approach to learning social and emotional skills, offering a novel conversational aid designed to enhance adolescents' social competence, and ultimately combat social disconnection in the digital era.
Increasing Diversity in Lifelong AI Education: Workshop Report
Authors: Maher Mary Lou , Tadimalla Sri Yash
Published: May 2024

AI is rapidly emerging as a tool that can be used by everyone, increasing its impact on our lives, society, and the economy. There is a need to develop educational programs and curricula that can increase capacity and diversity in AI as well as awareness of the implications of using AI-driven technologies. This paper reports on a workshop whose goals include developing guidelines for ensuring that we expand the diversity of people engaged in AI while expanding the capacity for AI curricula with a scope of content that will reflect
the competencies and needs of the workforce. The scope for AI education included K-Gray and considered AI knowledge and competencies as well as AI literacy (including responsible use and ethical issues). Participants discussed recommendations for metrics measuring capacity and diversity as well as strategies for increasing capacity and diversity at different level of education: K-12, undergraduate and graduate Computer Science (CS) majors and non-CS majors, the workforce, and the public.
TinyML4D: Scaling Embedded Machine Learning Education in the Developing World
Authors: Plancher Brian , Buttrich Sebastian , Ellis Jeremy , Goveas Neena , Kazimierski Laila , Lopez Sotelo Jesus , Lukic Milan , Mendez Diego , Nordin Rosdiadee , Oliva Trevisan Andres , Pavan Massimo , Roveri Manuel , Rüb Marcus , Tum Jackline , Verhelst Marian , Abdeljabar Salah , Adebayo Segun , Amberg Thomas , Aworinde Halleluyah , Bagur José , Barrett Gregg , Benamar Nabil , Chaudhari Bharat , Criollo Ronald , Cuartielles David , Ferreira Filho Jose Alberto , Gizaw Solomon , Gousev Evgeni , Grande Alessandro , Hymel Shawn , Ing Peter , Manandhar Prashant , Manzoni Pietro , Murmann Boris , Pan Eric , Paskauskas Rytis , Pietrosemoli Ermanno , Pimenta Tales , Rovai Marcelo , Zennaro Marco , Janapa Reddi Vijay
Published: May 2024

Embedded machine learning (ML) on low-power devices, also known as "TinyML," enables intelligent applications on accessible hardware and fosters collaboration across disciplines to solve real-world problems. Its interdisciplinary and practical nature makes embedded ML education appealing, but barriers remain that limit its accessibility, especially in developing countries. Challenges include limited open-source software, courseware, models, and datasets that can be used with globally accessible heterogeneous hardware. Our vision is that with concerted effort and partnerships between industry and academia, we can overcome such challenges and enable embedded ML education to empower developers and researchers worldwide to build locally relevant AI solutions on low-cost hardware, increasing diversity and sustainability in the field. Towards this aim, we document efforts made by the TinyML4D community to scale embedded ML education globally through open-source curricula and introductory workshops co-created by international educators. We conclude with calls to action to further develop modular and inclusive resources and transform embedded ML into a truly global gateway to embedded AI skills development.
Inclusion Ethics in AI: Use Cases in African Fashion
Authors: Scharff Christelle , Brusseau James , Bathula Krishna Mohan , Fnu Kaleemunnisa , Meshram Samyak Rakesh , Gaikhe Om
Published: May 2024

This paper addresses the ethics of inclusion in artificial in-telligence in the context of African fashion. Despite the proliferation of fashion-related AI applications and da-tasets global diversity remains limited, and African fash-ion is significantly underrepresented. This paper docu-ments two use-cases that enhance AI's inclusivity by in-corporating sub-Saharan fashion elements. The first case details the creation of a Senegalese fashion dataset and a model for classifying traditional apparel using transfer learning. The second case investigates African wax textile patterns generated through generative adversarial net-works (GANs), specifically StyleGAN architectures, and machine learning diffusion models. Alongside the practi-cal, technological advances, theoretical ethical progress is made in two directions. First, the cases are used to elabo-rate and define the ethics of inclusion, while also contrib-uting to current debates about how inclusion differs from ethical fairness. Second, the cases engage with the ethical debate on whether AI innovation should be slowed to prevent ethical imbalances or accelerated to solve them.
Analogy as the Swiss Army Knife of Human-like Learning
Authors: Forbus Kenneth D.
Published: May 2024

There is ample psychological evidence that analogy is ubiquitous in human learning, suggesting that computational models of analogy can play important roles in AI systems that learn in human-like ways. This talk will provide evidence for this, focusing mostly on recent advances in hierarchical analogical learning and working-memory analogical generalizations.
Learning Decision-Making Functions Given Cardinal and Ordinal Consensus Data
Authors: Pardeshi Kanad , Shapira Itai , Procaccia Ariel , Singh Aarti
Published: May 2024

Decision-making and reaching consensus are an integral part of everyday life, and studying how individuals reach these decisions is an important problem in psychology, economics, and social choice theory. Our work develops methods and theory for learning the nature of decisions reached upon by individual decision makers or groups of individuals using data.

We consider two tasks, where we have access to data on: 1) Cardinal utilities for d individuals with cardinal consensus values that the group or decision maker arrives at, 2) Cardinal utilities for d individuals for pairs of actions, with ordinal information about the consensus, i.e., which action is better according to the consensus. Under some axioms of social choice theory, the set of possible decision functions reduces to the set of weighted power means, M(u, w, p) = (∑ᵢ₌₁ᵈ wᵢ uᵢᵖ)¹ᐟᵖ, where uᵢ indicate the d utilities, w ∈ ∆_{d - 1} denotes the weights assigned to the d individuals, and p ∈ ℝ (Cousins 2023). For instance, p = 1 corresponds to a weighted utilitiarian function, and p = -∞ is the egalitarian welfare function.

Our goal is to learn w ∈ ∆_{d - 1} and p ∈ ℝ for the two tasks given data. The first task is analogous to regression, and we show that owing to the monotonicity in w and p (Qi 2000}, learning these parameters given cardinal utilities and social welfare values is a PAC-learnable task. For the second task, we wish to learn w, p such that, given pairs of actions u, v ∈ ℝ₊ᵈ, the preference is given as C((u, v), w, p) = sign(ln(M(u, w, p)) - ln(M(v, w, p))). This is analogous to classification; however, convexity of the loss function in w and p is not guaranteed.

We analyze two related cases - one in which the weights w are known, and another in which the weights are unknown. We prove that both cases are PAC-learnable given positive u, v by giving an O(log d) bound on the VC dimension for the known weights case, and an O(d log d) bound for the unknown weights case. We also establish PAC-learnability for noisy data under IID (Natarajan 2013) and logistic noise models for this task. Finally, we demonstrate how simple algorithms can be useful to learn w and p up to moderately high d through experiments on simulated data.
Moser, Claudia. 2019. The Altars of Republican Rome and Latium: Sacrifice and the Materiality of Roman Religion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 978-1-108-45113-0 paperback £22.99.
Authors: Szabó Csaba
Published: May 2024

This is a review of The Altars of Republican Rome and Latium: Sacrifice and the Materiality of Roman Religion by Claudia Moser, published in 2019 by Cambridge University Press.
Influence of cervical treatment methods on subsequent vaginal lesions: A study of HPV-related neoplasia
Authors: Chen Yuanyuan , He Haizhen , Wang Xiaoxi , Ye Yan , Pan Jiajia
Published: May 2024

The development of cervical and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN and VaIN) is strongly associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, representing key precancerous conditions in women. This study investigates the influence of different cervical treatment methods on the rate of subsequent vaginal neoplasia. It also considers age and menopausal status as risk factors for higher-grade VaIN and the role of persistent HPV infections in the development of new VaIN cases post-treatment. The cohort consisted of 275 female patients treated for CIN, with a follow-up period of six months including HPV and ThinPrep cytologic test (TCT) testing. The evaluated treatments included laser therapy, cervical conization, loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP), and radical hysterectomy. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 to determine treatment efficacy, the impact of age and menopausal status, and the relationship between HPV clearance and VaIN outcomes. Radical hysterectomy was linked with a higher recurrence of VaIN. Additionally, patients over 50 years old and those who were postmenopausal were significantly more likely to develop more severe VaIN and persistent HPV infections. Persistence of HPV after treatment was linked to a higher incidence of new VaIN cases. High-risk HPV significantly increased the recurrence of VaIN, with no significant link found between TCT results and VaIN severity. Therefore, selecting appropriate cervical lesion treatment, considering the patient's age and menopausal status, and managing HPV infections are essential in preventing and managing the risk and progression of VaIN. Radical hysterectomy showed a distinct increase in VaIN incidence, emphasizing the need for individualized clinical assessments.
Whole-cell patch-clamp in vitro v1
Authors: Biagio Mercuri Nicola
Published: May 2024

Evoked firing of single neurons
Single-cell single-unit recordings in vitro v1
Authors: Biagio Mercuri Nicola
Published: May 2024

Single units in slices
Plantas medicinales y otros recursos naturales aprobados en Colombia con fines terapéuticos
Authors: Fonnegra Gómez Ramiro
Published: May 2024

Este libro reúne información de 133 plantas aprobadas en Colombia para uso medicinal según la más reciente reglamentación del Invima (2022). Para cada una de ellas —y para algunos recursos naturales aprobados— el lector encontrará aquí, además de la información botánica básica, de la descripción y de la ilustración para facilitar su identificación, una exposición detallada sobre tres aspectos: la normatividad colombiana para el uso con fines terapéuticos (con temas como indicaciones de empleo, contraindicaciones y precauciones, posología, preparaciones farmacéuticas y partes de la planta aceptadas como medicinales), la información terapéutica reportada en la bibliografía (modos de empleo, advertencias y contraindicaciones, interacciones con otros medicamentos, toxicidad, actividad farmacológica o biológica comprobada científicamente, entre otros) y, por último, las drogas, usos, formas y posologías recomendados en la medicina tradicional (partes de la planta que se utilizan, usos y preparaciones, y aplicación de tratamientos).
La inocencia de la gestión humana
Authors: Bermúdez Héctor L.
Published: May 2024

El libro ofrece reflexiones teóricas sobre algunas categorías de uso frecuente en el ámbito corporativo para nombrar la administración del trabajo o la administración de recursos humanos; y una descripción de los procesos de selección, capacitación, protección, compensación, regulación y evaluación del personal, de acuerdo con los manuales universitarios y los ejecutivos de la gestión de personal. El libro es un aporte en el área de estudios sobre las organizaciones y el trabajo, y llama la atención sobre la necesidad de una fundamentación teórica sólida para este campo.
La “Manosfera Forocochera” en Reacción: un Estudio de Caso Paradigmático en el Contexto Español
Authors: Gómez-Suárez Águeda , Vázquez-Silva Iria , Fernández-Cendón Mar
Published: May 2024

Este artículo presenta un caso paradigmático de cómo se organiza un contragolpe digital contra una iniciativa del feminismo institucional desde la manosfera española. En concreto, se analiza el caso de una acción coordinada desde la web Forocoches en junio de 2021 a un recurso creado por la Deputación de Pontevedra y la Universidade de Vigo: el Observatorio Stop Machitroles de la Cátedra de Feminismos 4.0; un recurso que se habilitó para luchar contra el machismo digital. Este trabajo resulta innovador al examinar e interpretar la coordinación de un ataque de una “turba digital” desde el foro de habla hispana más grande del mundo. Esta acción coordinada consiguió, en la misma jornada, bloquear el formulario de recogida de denuncias con los mensajes masivos desde Forocoches e inutilizar el Observatorio. La metodología se centra en el análisis pormenorizado de los tempos e intensidad del ataque, así como el estudio del discurso de los forococheros que participaron.
PRODUÇÃO DO ESPAÇO, MEMÓRIA E PATRIMÔNIO CULTURAL FERROVIÁRIO NA AMAZÔNIA
Authors: Andrade de Souza Luciano
Published: May 2024

A antiga Estrada de Ferro Belém-Bragança (EFBB), ativa de 1883 a 1965, contribuiu na formação socioespacial de várias cidades que se localizavam na antiga Zona Bragantina (ZB), atualmente, constituída em grande parte pelo nordeste paraense. Dentre tais cidades, Benevides, Castanhal, Igarapé-Açu e Bragança (localizadas na Região Metropolita de Belém e na Região Nordeste do Pará), ganham destaque como cidades-lócus do presente artigo por terem sido portadoras de ramais ferroviários, pontos nodais de conexão com outras localidades e entrepostos comerciais de relevante importância na expansão territorial da ZB. Nessas cidades-lócus, o complexo ferroviário da EFBB produziu um legado patrimonial ferroviário (material e imaterial), que se mantém vivo nas reminiscências (memórias) de moradores locais, sobretudo dos idosos. Tal situação nos remete e motiva a um objetivo central no estudo que se propõe a analisar a produção do espaço e a formação da memória do patrimônio cultural ferroviário, junto a tais cidades.
A ESTRADA DE FERRO DE BRAGANÇA E OS ASPECTOS GEOGRÁFICOS DE UM MEIO NATURAL EM BRAGANÇA-PA (SÉCULO XIX-XX)
Authors: Almeida Brito Jakeline
Published: May 2024

A Estrada de Ferro Belém-Bragança (EFBB) é uma herança híbrida que revela traços histórico-geográficos na Amazônia paraense. Estando voltada para o escoamento de produção de produtos agrícolas para fins comerciais, no século XIX-XX. Propõe-se neste artigo, refletir sobre a formação territorial da região da bragantina a partir do município de Bragança, analisando aspectos sobre a implantação da linha ferroviária considerando essa como elemento basilar do meio geográfico natural e pré-técnico. Temos por objetivo analisar a EFBB como um empreendimento para um novo tempo, um elemento modernizador que além de promover o encurtamento da distância, e velocidade ampliará os fluxos espaciais na bragantina naquele contexto. Também carregou a justificativa de ser o escape, o celeiro, expressão de fartura e expansão agropecuária na Amazônia paraense. O texto faz parte de uma de nossas reflexões realizadas na dissertação de mestrado. Sendo resultado de uma pesquisa qualitativa baseada em análise em pesquisa bibliográfica, coleta de dados em órgãos públicos; dados secundários de pesquisas em livros, teses, dissertações e artigos sobre a temática da bragantina em acervos da biblioteca central UFPA dentre outras fontes.
Comparative analysis of robot-assisted and laparoscopic operations in oncogynecology
Authors: Alimov V. A. , Grekov D. N. , Novikova E. G. , Danilov A. M. , Sazhina A. V. , Afanasova P. N. , Maslova A. Yu. , Polyakova N. Yu.
Published: May 2024

Aim. To determine the advantages and disadvantages of laparoscopic (LS) and robot-assisted (RA) surgery in oncogynecological operations.Materials and methods. 282 clinical cases were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were treated in oncogynecological department No. 70 of the CS.P. Botkin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department for endometrial cancer of stages IA–II, cervical cancer in situ and IA1 stages or atypical endometrial hyperplasia in the period from February 2020 to September 2022, among them 74 patients were operated with Da Vinci robotic units (models Si and Xi) and 208 using laparoscopy. The standard volumes of surgical treatment, depending on the clinical diagnosis, were: hysterectomy, hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy, hysterectomy with pelvic and retroperitoneal lumbar lymphadenectomy. To compare the technical characteristics of minimally invasive operations and the condition of patients in the intra- and postoperative periods in each group, data on the duration of operations, body mass index, age, intra- and postoperative complications, as well as the number of postoperative hospital bed-days were analyzed.Results. When comparing the average duration of operations by time, a statistically significant difference was obtained. Thus, LS hysterectomy was performed 43 minutes faster on average than RA (74.2 minutes versus 117 minutes) (p <0.001). When performing pelvic lymphadenectomy, the average duration of RA operations was 28 minutes longer than LS operations (142 minutes versus 170 minutes), and when adding the retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy stage, the average duration of RA operations was 128 minutes longer than LS operations.Conclusion. At this stage of technology development in surgery, LS operations have a number of advantages over RA ones in numerous ways. LS operations demonstrate statistically significantly shorter execution time, fewer perioperative complications, as well as a more controlled environment in the operating field. In the long term, RA surgery has serious potential and is currently at an early stage of its development. A real and sober assessment of its characteristics will determine the right direction for the development of this technology in the future.
Reproductive outcomes of infiltrative endometriosis after surgical treatment with assisted reproductive technologies (a clinical case)
Authors: Trishkin A. G. , Zotova O. A. , Yushchenko M. A.
Published: May 2024

Endometriosis is one of the most urgent problems of modern gynecology and reproductive medicine. About 40 % of women suffering from endometriosis of various localization are infertile. The use of drug therapy has not been proven to increase fertility. Currently, there is no consensus on the impact of surgical treatment on the effectiveness of assisted reproductive technologies.This article presents a clinical case of modern approache to the use of assisted reproductive technologies for endometriosis-associated infertility. The tactics of managing women with endometriosis is determined by its localization, the age of the patient, ovarian reserve, the duration of infertility, the therapy and its effectiveness, the condition of the fallopian tubes, as well as spermogram parameters. The correctly chosen management strategy for this patient made it possible to achieve not only a clinical pregnancy, but also the birth of a healthy child.
Diagnosis of some rare forms of breast cancer
Authors: Shevchenko S. A. , Rozhkova N. I. , Dorofeev A. V.
Published: May 2024

Background. Breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease, in which it is crucial not only to detect the tumor, but also to determine its biological characteristics to choose an optimal treatment strategy. Herein, we review existing literature on the subject and analyze own data.Aim. To analyze clinical and morphological characteristics of rare histological types of BC.Materials and methods. In this retrospective study, we analyzed the results of instrumental examination of 180 patients with mucinous BC treated in Sverdlovsk Regional Oncology Dispensary between 2020 and 2022. The mean age of the participants was 62.5 years. All patients underwent comprehensive examination, including digital mammography using the Fujifilm Amulet Innovality system, multiparametric ultrasound breast examination using the EPIQ 5 system (Phillips, Netherlands), and 1.5 T dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging with a 16-channel – dedicated breast coil (GE Healthcare, USA).Results and conclusion. The incidence of mucinous BC was 1.8 %. Other rare types of BC, such as occult, medullary, papillary, tubular, and cribriform cancer were observed in less than 1 % of cases, which is consistent with the available literature data. Mucinous tumors were primarily represented by luminal B histology (73.3 %); the Ki-67 proliferation index was usually 35 %. The most common radiological manifestation was a hyperdense formation with clear contours (85 %). Ultrasound examination usually revealed a hypoechoic formation with clear and irregular contours (92 %); however, 8 % of patients presented with isoechoic formations that can hardly be distinguished from the background. Magnetic resonance imaging showed the following patterns: mass (87.5 %) with a persistent type of contrast accumulation (56.2 %) (type I curve) or curve exhibiting a plateau (43.8 %) (type II curve). Contrast agent accumulation started from the first minutes and was >100 % in all patients. Limitation of diffusion was observed in 25 % of patients. Patients with mucinous BC were usually characterized by late manifestation; 3 patients additionally had other cancers, including colorectal cancer, mucoepidermal tumor of the salivary gland, pancreatic cancer. None of these patients had family history of cancer. Isolated findings of X-ray mammography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging suggested benign breast tumors and no cancer-specific features.A multimodal approach enabled early detection of non-specific signs of rare forms of BC characterized by a specific clinical pattern with symptoms typical of this particular cancer from.
Three-dimensional automated breast ultrasound – a supplemental screening tool
Authors: Busko E. A. , Semiglazov V. V. , Rozhkova N. I. , Dzhahilova S. K. , Akzyanova E. R. , Krivorotko P. V. , Ryazanov V. V. , Bagnenko S. S.
Published: May 2024

Background. Three-dimensional automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) is an innovative technology that allows global visualization of the breast and eliminates the operator-dependence of hand held ultrasound. Three-projection scanning during ABUS is provided by an ultra-long (15.4 cm) probe with a frequency of 14–16 MHz, and then the slices are reconstructed on a workstation. At the same time, high-frequency converters create high-resolution images. Through a special coronal projection, ABUS identifies variants of minimal, non-palpable breast cancer, including those with women with high mammographic breast density, which makes it a promising additional (supplemental screening) method of oncomammoscreening.Aim. To assess the use of ABUS as a supplemental screening tool in women with high mammographic breast density.Materials and methods. The study was conducted in 2018 at the N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Oncology Center, Ministry of Health of Russia. As part of the study, 192 women underwent mammography, ABUS, and multiparametric ultrasound (B-mode, color Doppler, elatography) in standard manual mode.Results. In the course of the study, in 192 patients, mammography revealed 42 cases of breast cancer, while using the AUS and manual ultrasound, additionally were identified 9 cases of breast cancer. Also, the ABUS showed high accuracy in assessment of the distribution of breast cancer – multifocal, multicentric and bilateral.Conclusion. ABUS is a promising and highly effective diagnostic method in women with high mammographic breast density, with its advantages and disadvantages, which can be used in combination with mammography as a supplemental screening tool, especially in women at high risk of developing breast cancer.
Mastalgia: current trends and recommendations
Authors: Berishvili A. I. , Greyan T. A. , Zaytseva O. V. , Pukhov A. A.
Published: May 2024

Mastalgia is the most common manifestation of mastopathy. Up to 70 % of women experiencing breast pain report a significant decrease in their quality of life; however, hormone therapy is not indicated and suitable for everyone. The main aim of a clinician in this case is to exclude cancer and choose appropriate treatment to manage pain. First-line therapy for such patients may not necessarily include medications.The aim of this work was to identify the most effective non-pharmacological treatments for patients with mastalgia. We conducted a search of publications assessing various methods of mastalgia management in both Russian and foreign databases (PubMed, CyberLeninka, Elibrary, Google Scholar). We used the following key words: “mastalgia”, “cyclic mastalgia“, and “non-cyclic mastalgia“.Visual demonstration of the fact the woman has no risk of breast cancer (after examination) and proper explanation can reduce complaints of mastalgia without any additional treatment. Recommendation to change a bra also brings a significant relief to the majority of women. Reduced consumption of methylxanthines and fats along with sufficient intake of fiber and liquid can be beneficial for patients. Dietary modifications with certain nutrients (such as indole-3-carbinol and trans-resveratrol) might significantly improve the quality of life of patients with mastalgia. Relaxation practices can also mitigate mastalgia.Most patients with mastalgia can be managed without any medications if they are reassured about the absence of cancer risk, choose a well-fitting and supportive bra, have psychoemotional support, and modify their diet.
Escalation of adjuvant endocrine therapy for early hormone-dependent HER2-negative breast cancer: to whom, when and why?
Authors: Kolyadina I. V.
Published: May 2024

This review presents the evolution of adjuvant endocrine therapy for early hormone-dependent HER2-negative breast cancer, describes late relapse phenomenon, provides clinical rationale for escalation of treatment, analyzes the key stages of the metastatic cascade, and provides a scientific rationale for the introduction of CDK4/6 inhibitors into adjuvant treatment regimens. The main results of two large randomized studies of therapy including abemaciclib (MonarchE) and ribociclib (NATALEE) in patients with early stages of hormone-dependent HER2-negative breast cancer are presented; the oncological results of escalation of treatment and the safety of therapy are assessed.
Mobile additional armor protection for a truck
Authors: Streltsov Roman V. , Mikitenko Alexander N. , Sukhodoeva Alla A. , Samarin Ivan A.
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: The use of armored vehicles helps to protect special vehicles and special equipment from the effects of light and heavy small arms, landmines, and hand grenade launchers during marches or special operations under the threat of constant enemy influence. However, at present, the issue of protecting freight transport used for transporting personnel, mortar crews, materiel, etc. is quite acute.
AIM: Development a mobile set of additional armor protection for the truck body (using the Ural 4320, the KamAZ-4310 and their modifications as the example) in order to reduce the likelihood of injury to personnel during their transportation by firearms, cumulative ammunition, fragments of artillery ammunition, as well as military equipment during its transportation.
METHODS: Determining the parameters for the duration of the penetration process and the subsequent behavior of the armor protection, obtaining accurate data on the resistance and effectiveness of additional armor, and analyzing the stress-strain state were performed in the Ansys software. The data on the penetration process, transition energy and subsequent behavior of armor protection, which will be used to improve armored structures and frameworks, as well as to improve the safety of equipment in real combat conditions, was obtained.
RESULTS: The article discusses the problem of armor protection of vehicles. Examples of the use of additional armor protection for weapons, military and special equipment, in particular in the context of a special military operation, are given. The mobile set of additional armor protection for the truck body, designed to protect personnel from injury caused by firearms and fragments from exploding ammunition when transported by trucks, is presented in the study. Armor protection is made as two hinged armor plates with the size of 1200x2000 mm and two anti-cumulative grilles with the size of 1200x2000 mm, mounted on the outside with fastening elements. Hinged armor screens are straight or bent sheets of armor steel with structurally specified dimensions and places for fastening. Installed on the outside of the body, they act as a barrier, which significantly increases the protective properties when fired from a firearm. The proposed protection set was simulated and the stress-strain state was analyzed in the article.
CONCLUSIONS: Based on the simulations, the values of the maximum velocity and flight range of a bullet were determined for the strength of the additional set of armor protection.
Application of the mind-mapping learning technique on the topic “Anatomy of the brachial plexus”
Authors: Paitko Irina A. , Usovich Aleksandr K.
Published: May 2024

The issue of teaching brachial plexus anatomy to English-speaking foreign students remains confusing and uncoordinated these days because of significant differences in the presentation of materials in translated educational literature by Russian-speaking authors and in atlases, textbooks, and manuals used in other countries. This study aimed to analyze mind-mapping learning techniques and identify the advantages of their use when teaching “Brachial plexus anatomy” to foreign medical students. The materials included mind maps, textbooks, atlases, manuals, workshops, and workbooks on human anatomy for students of medical universities in Russian and English that describe the anatomy of the brachial plexus and personal experience of using mind maps. A mind map in human anatomy classes was provided in accordance with modern anatomical terminologies, discrepancies in the description of the anatomy of the brachial plexus in Russian and English were analyzed, and the advantages of their use in teaching foreign medical students were identified.
Youth Suicide as a Criminological Problem
Authors: Mazur Eliza , Łukasik Korneliusz
Published: May 2024

Suicide is the subject of interest in many scientific disciplines, such as psychology, sociology, law, theology. A serious social problem is the growing number of young people who, in an act of desperation, lack of ability to cope with school and family problems, peer exclusion and low stress resistance, decide to take their own lives. Suicide in this aspect should be considered as a major social crisis of the 21st century. In criminological literature, it is seen as a type of voluntary death and an act of discontinuation of life. Suicide among young people is often preceded by a suicide attempt, which is a “call for help”, an attempt to draw attention to themselves, but above all an act of despair and rebellion against the reality they have to face. Suicidal risk factors intersect and complement each other. These include both those related to the suicidal person, as well as his or her personality traits, cognitive styles, genetic or biological conditions. An important role is played by those linked to the immediate environment, the family, the social group and the media. The aim of this article is to characterise the phenomenon of suicides in Poland with special attention to data on children and adolescents based on the statistics of the Police Headquarters. In addition, the authors attempt to provide a psychological portrait of the person who decides to commit suicide and to draw attention to suicide risk factors among adolescents.
Las habilidades para la vida en futuros profesores de educación física y entrenadores deportivos: un estudio bajo la Teoría de la Autodeterminación
Authors: Ortiz-Rodríguez Verónica , Vergara-Torres Argenis P. , Ramírez-Nava Rubén , López-Walle Jeanette M. , Huerta-López Eduardo , Tristán José
Published: May 2024

El análisis de los mecanismos para el desarrollo de habilidades para la vida en programas educativos y deportivos se ha vuelto relevante, y la Teoría de la Autodeterminación puede ser un marco para entender estos procesos, por lo que este estudio tuvo como propósito analizar las asociaciones existentes entre el estilo de apoyo a la autonomía adoptado por profesores universitarios, la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas y las habilidades para la vida de futuros profesores de educación física y entrenadores deportivos. Participaron 588 estudiantes (Medad = 20.74 años; DE = 2.75; 199 eran mujeres) de un programa de grado de actividad física y deportes en México. El modelaje de ecuaciones estructurales encontró que el estilo de apoyo a la autonomía percibido por los futuros profesores y entrenadores estaba asociado positiva y significativamente con la satisfacción de sus necesidades psicológicas básicas, y estas, a su vez, se asociaron de forma positiva y significativa a cada una de las habilidades para la vida. Los análisis de efectos indirectos mostraron un rol mediador de la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas en la relación entre el apoyo a la autonomía y las habilidades para la vida. En conclusión, el estilo de apoyo a la autonomía que adoptan profesores universitarios está relacionado a mayores percepciones de autonomía, competencia y relación de futuros profesores de educación física y entrenadores, y la satisfacción de estas necesidades parece ser un mecanismo fundamental para el desarrollo de sus habilidades para la vida.
Condición física y autoconcepto en estudiantes de diferentes edades en Extremadura (España)
Authors: Galán-Arroyo Carmen , Mayordomo-Pinilla Noelia , R. Olivares Pedro , Rojo-Ramos Jorge
Published: May 2024

El autoconcepto puede definirse como el conjunto de creencias que una persona tiene sobre sí misma, abarcando su personalidad y múltiples dimensiones. Estas dimensiones estudian la per-cepción de las relaciones sociales y familiares, la gestión emocional, el rendimiento académico y las habilidades motoras, estableciendo un concepto importante en el desarrollo de niños y adolescentes. Por otro lado, la condición física es un parámetro de salud muy importante que engloba tanto la salud física como la psicológica. Por lo tanto, este estudio pretendía examinar las correlaciones entre estas dos variables según la etapa educativa y el sexo. Se utilizó Kolmogorov-Smirnov para determinar la normalidad de los datos, se aplicó el test Rho de Spearman para el análisis correlacional de las dimensiones de ambas herramientas (Escala de Autoconcepto AF-5 y Escala Visual Analógica de Percepción de la Condición Física para Adolescentes (VAS PFA, y también se realizó un modelo de predicción con las variables más relevantes en estudiantes de 10 a 18 años. Los resultados mostraron correlaciones elevadas entre las dimensiones físicas y la aptitud física general, de fuerza y de resistencia a medida que avanzaban las etapas educativas (<0,001). El desarrollo general de los niños en edad escolar es de gran interés porque un autoconcepto positivo puede verse influido por el bienestar físico y unas aptitudes óptimas. Además, es probable que los niños que tienen un autoconcepto positivo estén motivados para practicar deportes y actividades físicas, lo que repercute en su salud física. Por lo tanto, la comunidad sanitaria y educativa podría promover esto mediante intervenciones dentro y fuera del aula para conseguir la mejor salud mental posible.