bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ENDOCARDITIS PROPHYLAXIS IN DENTAL PRACTICE: EVALUATION OF KNOWLEDGE AMONG DENTISTS, AND CARDIOLOGISTS
Authors:   Resident Dentist in Dentofacial Orthopedics, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Faculty of Dentistry-Rabat, avenue Mohammed El Jazouli, BP 6212 Madinat Al Irfane, Rabat, Morocco., Hafizou Rabe Abdoul , Benrachadi Latifa ,   Professor of higher Education in Periodontology, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Faculty of Dentistry-Rabat-Morocco., Chami Bassima ,   Professor of higher Education in Oral Surgery, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Faculty of Dentistry-Rabat-Morocco.
Published: April 2021

Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a rare condition that is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Almost 100 years ago, the links between endocarditis and procedures, particularly dental procedures, were postulated. Over 50 years ago the first guidelines recommending antibiotic prophylaxis (AP), with the aim of preventing IE from developing after dental procedures, were proposed. Objective: This study aimed to assess the degree of knowledge about endocarditis prophylaxis (EP) among cardiologists, and dentists, and to identify the areas of knowledge that require attention Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 43 cardiologists and 87 dentists in the city of Rabat. Respondents completed a questionnaire to evaluate their knowledge of EP after signing their informed consent. Data were examined through analysis of variance using the chi-squared test (XÂ²) and Fishers exact test to test the significance of the differences between proportions. Findings: 53.5% of cardiologists report following the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) against 62.1% of dentists refer to the French Agency for Health Product Safety (FAHPS), 27.9% of cardiologists are aware of cardiac conditions with a high risk of IE compared to 75.9% of dentists. 2.3% of cardiologists are aware of invasive oral procedures against 54% for dentists. 69% of cardiologists and 70% of dentists have a correct antibiotic prophylaxis prescription regime. 4.7% of cardiologists and 24.1% of dentists know the meaning of spontaneous bacteremia. Conclusion : Both groups had inadequate knowledge of dental procedures. Dentists showed a greater knowledge of heart disease requiring prophylaxis in dental practice. It is thus necessary to reinforce EP knowledge in undergraduate and postgraduate programs and to encourage dentists and cardiologists to keep up-to-date on this issue.
A STUDY OF TWENTIETH-CENTURY JAPANESE LITERARY PROCESSES
Authors:   Teacher,Chirchik State Pedagogical Institute of Tashkent Region., Z.H. Nasirova
Published: April 2021

This article describes the peculiarities of twentieth-century Japanese literary processes. Methodological and formal changes in the literature are analyzed. At the heart of scientific research is the problem of deeper study of man in the literature of this period, the role of man in society, the role of society in human life, the spiritual world of people, to the smallest detail of their experiences. Japanese writers are distinguished by their ability to skillfully apply internal monologues, symbols and national traditions in depicting the human psyche in their works. In fiction, the inner intrigue, interpretation, collision in the revelation of the human psyche is skillfully revealed. In the context of world literature, the peculiarities in the structure and plot of Japanese literature are studied comparatively. The role of Japanese literature in the content of the work carried out on the basis of typological, historical-analytical methods of analysis in the field of comparative literature, literary influence and international literary relations is incomparable.
Frontera dinámica: contraste urbano rural en el Borde oriental de Medellín Colombia
Authors: Marín-Vanegas Daniel Felipe , Serna Velásquez Juan David
Published: April 2021

El límite de expansión urbana oriental de Medellín, Colombia, está dado por las zonas de protección ambiental y la frontera con el corregimiento de Santa Elena; sin embargo, esta delimitación es ambigua entre lo que se ha planteado en el Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial vigente y lo que se encuentra en la realidad: el barrio El Pacífico, último asentamiento de este borde se ha comenzado a expandir incluso, a la zona de protección y a los suelos de uso rural. Existe una clara distancia entre lo planteado y sentado en los instrumentos de planificación, con lo interpretado o percibido por la comunidad que habita el territorio en cuestión. Existe un contraste urbano rural dado por la dinámica que plantean los actores fronterizos.
Imaginarios sociales sobre las violencias de género de los habitantes de una comunidad rural del departamento del Huila (Colombia)
Authors: Guzmán Juan Felipe , Campos Caicedo María Alejandra , Ortega Maudy Soledad
Published: April 2021

El uso de lenguajes sexistas y discriminatorios hacia la mujer, sobre todo en los roles desempeñados por el hombre y la mujer en el hogar, hacen parte de los imaginarios que en la comunidad de la Vereda Belén del municipio de Isnos (Huila) se evidencian sobre las violencias de género; además, se observó la emergencia de ciertos imaginarios radicales construidos desde la familia, a partir de experiencias y vivencias personales con sus padres como modelos de crianza.
Síntomas depresivos y funcionamiento cognitivo de las personas en proceso de reintegración mayores (PPRM) de Colombia
Authors: Robledo Marín Carlos , Cardona Arango Doris , Segura Cardona Alejandra , Lizcano Cardona Douglas
Published: April 2021

Algunas personas en procesos de reintegración mayores (PPRM) que participaron en la guerra presentan alteraciones mentales explicadas por el largo tiempo desescolarizados y las situaciones vividas, que le disminuyen la posibilidad de acceso al campo laboral y a la sociedad, el funcionamiento cognitivo alterado fue más prevalente en personas sin educación formal, sin pareja o vivir en familias no funcionales. Entre los factores demográficos de las PPRM que aumentan la probabilidad de tener un síntoma depresivo fue pertenecer al sexo masculino, tener más de 65 años, no contar con apoyo de una pareja y disminuye esta probabilidad si se cuenta con algún grado de escolaridad. De los factores familiares y sociales que se analizaron, solo se encontró que vivir con una familia no funcional aumenta el riesgo de sufrir síntomas depresivos. Por lo que se requiere acompañamiento para la aceptación de su proceso de envejecimiento, el aprovechamiento de experiencias y el ejercicio de la ciudadanía.
El diálogo como práctica colectiva para la reconciliación social
Authors: Sánchez Agudelo Paula Vanessa , Rojas Granada Cristian , Aguirre Álvarez Nathalia , Cardona Cardona Angela María , Lugo Agudelo Victoria
Published: April 2021

En este artículo se presentan las narrativas emergentes en torno al conflicto armado y la reconciliación social, resultantes de un proceso de diálogo entre distintos actores sociales, incluidas víctimas y excombatientes, llevado a cabo en Samaná (Caldas). El diseño metodológico utilizó la herramienta de Diálogo Público para cumplir simultáneamente propósitos de investigación y acción, y el análisis del discurso para identificar las posiciones discursivas de los participantes frente al conflicto y sus actores, y comprender los movimientos que los enunciados evidencian a partir de la experiencia en el diálogo. Los hallazgos revelan una narrativa de polarización en la que predominan los estereotipos al comienzo del diálogo y una transformación hacia una narrativa de reconocimiento del otro, lo que permite concluir que el diálogo, como práctica colectiva, promueve la reconciliación social.
El papel de las comisiones de la verdad en los procesos de transición: aproximación a un estado de la cuestión
Authors: Colorado Marin Lina Patricia , Villa Gómez Juan David
Published: April 2021

La justicia transicional ofrece mecanismos para garantizar la verdad, la justicia, la reparación y la no repetición a las víctimas de abusos contra los derechos humanos perpetrados durante regímenes dictatoriales y conflictos armados. Se trata de un marco jurídico que ha cobrado auge desde las últimas décadas del siglo veinte y, particularmente en Colombia, se ha constituido en una herramienta para afrontar los períodos posteriores a las negociaciones con grupos armados ilegales en los últimos veinte años. Así lo corrobora, entre otras, la presente revisión de 129 estudios y debates sobre experiencias de Comisiones de la Verdad entre 1997 y 2019.
Comparative characteristics of the parameters of the human corpus callosum in elderly and senile age established by the method of magnetic resonance tomography
Authors: Balandin Anatolii A. , Balandina Irina A. , Zheleznov Lev M.
Published: April 2021

Objective: to conduct a comparative analysis of age-related morphometric characteristics of the corpus callosum (callosometry) in elderly and senile age based on magnetic resonance imaging data. Materials and methods. The analysis of the results of a morphometric study of the corpus callosum of 97 people of both sexes (46 men and 51 women) who underwent a brain study in the Department of Radiation Diagnostics in the period 2019-2020 was carried out. Depending on the age, the subjects were divided into two groups. Group I included 52 elderly people (61-72 years old), and group II included 45 senile people (76-87 years old). All patients had no history of diseases and injuries of the Central and peripheral nervous system, as well as alcohol and drug dependence, but the predominance of the right hand (right-handed) was noted. All of them gave their consent to the magnetic resonance imaging examination, which was carried out only according to the indications. We determined the thickness of the genu, the thickness of the splenium, length and height of the corpus callosum, as well as its depth - anterior, superior and posterior. Results. When comparing the parameters of length and height of the corpus callosum, as well as all three parameters of depth, established in elderly and senile ages, statistically reliable age differences in the indices do not exist (p>0.05), but there is a tendency to reduce all their linear sizes from elderly to old age. When comparing the studied linear dimensions of the structural components of the corpus callosum (the thickness of the genu and the splenium) in elderly and senile ages, statistically significant differences in parameters were found with their predominance in the elderly (p<0.001).
Survival of animal and human-associated Listeria monocytogenes in drinking water and biofilms
Authors: Bjergbæk Louise Appel , Hesselsoe Martin , Pagh Sussie , Roslev Peter
Published: April 2021

Land slugs are occasionally observed as contaminants in groundwater wells and drinking water treatment plants including storage tanks. Slugs may feed on carrion and feces, and they are potential vectors of pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes. We isolated L. monocytogenes from the pest slug Arion vulgaris and examined the persistence and survival of human- and slug-derived L. monocytogenes in groundwater-based drinking water and biofilms. L. monocytogenes survival was evaluated using cultivation and cultivation-independent techniques. L. monocytogenes remained culturable for 35–47 days in drinking water with first-order decay rates between 0.314 and 0.457 h−1 (T99 ≥10 days). Attachment of L. monocytogenes to filter sand delayed washout from drinking water filters and increased persistence 2–3-fold. Indigenous biofilms stimulated initial surface attachment 10–100-fold but L. monocytogenes declined more rapidly in drinking water biofilms compared with virgin filters not colonized by microorganisms. Grazing by protozoa likely attenuated L. monocytogenes survival in some drinking water biofilms. A comparable survival pattern was observed for L. monocytogenes and the fecal indicator bacterium E. coli. The study suggests that live L. monocytogenes can persist for weeks as sessile organisms in groundwater-based drinking water supplies and may subsequently be released to the drinking water.
Study of the effect of the LDH cations precursors in the removal of arsenic in aqueous solution
Authors: Quiroga María Martha Barroso , Juncà Mònica Iglesias , Merino Nora Andrea
Published: April 2021

Layered double hydroxides (LDH) are anionic clays, mainly used as adsorbents, ion exchange material, and catalysts. Generally, they present high specific surface areas, alkaline character, high metallic dispersion, and high thermal stability. If they contain a transitional element in their structure, the solid may present redox properties. LDH were synthesized with the following combinations: MgAl, MgFe, and ZnMgFe, aiming to determine the effect of cationic nature in the structure and the functionality of the synthesized clay as adsorbents in polluted aqueous effluents. The textural properties were determined by nitrogen adsorption isotherms. Crystalline structure was studied by XRD and the presence of the anions of the interlayer was determined by FTIR spectroscopy. The studies of removal of As(III) and As(V) from aqueous solutions, using the LDH, show that after 24 h the solids reach a high removal efficiency. ZnMgFe solid removed both species of arsenic with values of 95 and 98% for As(II) and As(V), respectively. The MgFe solid showed some selectivity to the uptake of As(V), while the MgAl only removed As(V). This selective behaviour can be beneficial in studies of arsenic speciation.
Didática e formação inicial do professor: desafios e perspectivas na visão dos acadêmicos do curso de pedagogia de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) do município de Parintins-AM
Authors: Ghedin Evandro Luiz , Maciel Carlos César Macêdo , Silva Artemison Montanho da
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo objetiva examinar sistematicamente a disciplina Didática I na formação inicial docente do curso de Pedagogia de uma IES do município de Parintins-AM, concernente à prática do professor; problematizando a referida matéria como orientada ao processo formativo desse profissional da educação. Trata-se de um trabalho de natureza qualitativa, com foco nos registros dos acadêmicos, oriundos da autoavaliação da disciplina supracitada. O arcabouço teórico desta pesquisa abrange principalmente os trabalhos de Alarcão (2016), Candau (2014), Libâneo (2013), entre outros estudiosos de notável envergadura acadêmica sobre a temática investigada. Os resultados evidenciam que a Didática oportuniza aos licenciandos o entendimento das circunstâncias de aprendizagens, partindo da prática social questionada, apoiado no conhecimento de mundo dos professores e dos estudantes da educação básica.
Implicações da BNC-formação para a universidade pública e formação docente
Authors: Costa Eliane Miranda , Mattos Cleide Carvalho de , Caetano Vivianne Nunes da Silva
Published: April 2021

O artigo analisa a Base Nacional Comum para a Formação Inicial de Professores da Educação Básica (BNC-Formação) e suas implicações para a universidade pública e formação docente. A metodologia privilegia a pesquisa bibliográfica, com destaque para teóricos que discutem a política curricular e a formação de professores. A análise documental tem como fonte o Parecer MEC/CNE nº 2.167/2019 e a Resolução CNE/CP nº 2, de 20 de dezembro de 2019, que institui as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a Formação Inicial de Professores da Educação Básica e a Base Nacional Comum para a Formação Inicial de Professores da Educação Básica (BNC-Educação Básica). A análise revela que a formação docente se torna, cada vez mais, instrumental, utilizada com o objetivo de atender as necessidades do capital. O lócus da formação deixa de ser a Universidade e passa a ser a escola, o espaço prioritário para as ações de ensino, pesquisa e extensão.
Regulatory Roles of the Notch Signaling Pathway in Liver Repair and
Regeneration: A Novel Therapeutic Target
Authors: Valizadeh Amir , Sayadmanesh Ali , Asemi Zatollah , Alemi Forough , Mahmoodpoor Ata , Yousefi Bahman
Published: April 2021

:

The liver is one of the significant regenerative organs in the body. Nevertheless,
underlying molecular mechanisms regulating liver repair and regeneration following
resection or damage remain largely unknown. The Notch signaling pathway is a profoundly
evolutionarily well-conserved cell signaling system that mostly involves developing
multicellular organisms. Malfunctions in this pathway lead to the progression of several
liver disorders, including hepatoblastoma (HB), cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC). The Notch pathway plays a fundamental role in cell fate
during the embryonic stage's progression to the adult stage in liver tissue. Modulation of
Notch signaling may be used in many patients who succumb to cirrhosis due to chronic
hepatitis by virus infection. This review describes the underlying mechanisms of the
Notch signaling pathway in liver development and regeneration briefly and discusses
how this pathway leads to the betterment of liver disorders in the clinic.
Commonly Used Disposing Methods for Waste Pesticides
Authors: Chmielewská Eva
Published: April 2021

The starting of DDT production during World War II also signalized the beginning of a
very rapid increase in pesticide use. Pesticides applied in the control of invertebrates are known as
insecticides. On the other hand, vertebrates are controlled by rodenticides, which are used for killing
rodents etc.; moreover, avicides are applied to repel birds, and piscicides are used in fish control.
Herbicides are the most important in agriculture and are used for plant cultivation, moreover, fungicides
are useful in killing fungi. Bactericides are used against bacteria, slimicides are used against
slime-causing organisms in water, and algicides against algae. Many pesticides which were used in
agriculture in the last 30-40 years are no longer authorised and have been replaced by pesticides on
a non-chemical basis. Currently, the aim of the REACH Regulation in the European Union is to
provide better protection for humans and the environment from possible chemical risks and to promote
sustainable development. The European Chemicals Agency, established under this regulation
and based in Helsinki, is responsible for managing the technical, scientific, and administrative aspects
of REACH and for ensuring consistency in its application (www.europarl.europa.eu). In order
to enhance the level of protection of human health and the environment, the same criteria for identifying
labels for describing chemical hazards should be used throughout the EU and the world
(www.europarl.europa.eu). This contribution briefly refers to the pesticides classification and their
most commonly used detoxification.
A Statistical Approach to Model Selection for Dynamic Adsorption Columns
Authors: Musonge P.
Published: April 2021

A variety of models have been used to describe and predict breakthrough curves for dynamic adsorption systems, in order to scale up laboratory and pilot plant systems. There are however limitations in the applicability of existing models. The study is aimed at providing unambiguous approaches in selecting the best performing model between Thomas, Yoon-Nelson and Bohart-Adams (B-A) models for three dynamic adsorption systems. Three approaches were implemented in this study using published experimental data of three adsorption systems. The first approach was the application of statistical analysis between actual and predicted breakthrough curves without modifying the models. The second and third approaches were application of local mean values (LMV) and global mean values (GMV) of empirical constants to predict breakthrough curves. Predictive and generalization performances of the three models were evaluated using the statistical criteria of Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root mean Squared Error (RMSE) and Correlation Coefficient (R2).
Hydrolytic Acidification-Two Stage EGSB-A/O Combined Process for Pesticide Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Sun Y.
Published: April 2021

The wastewater produced by a chemical enterprise in Ningxia has the characteristics of high COD, high salt content, and high ammoniacal nitrogen. The biodegradability of the wastewater is poor due to presence of higher concentration of pollutant. The scale of first stage of treatment was 400m3/d. The wastewater of different characteristic was collected and treated separately. The combined process of "micro electrolysis + Fenton oxidation + coagulation precipitation + evaporation crystallization" was used to pretreat the wastewater containing high salt and high COD. The main process was "hydrolytic acidification + two-stage Expanded Granular Sludge Bed (EGSB) + two-stage advance Fenton oxidation (A/O)". The final concentrations of effluent COD, NH3-N and TDS are 376 mg/L, 34.74 mg/L, and 442 mg/L, and the removal rates are 99.9%, 81.3%, and 99.9%, respectively. The environmental, engineering and economical (3E) practices showed that the combined process has stable operation, strong impact resistance, and high reduction of COD in the effluent.
Applications of PEDOT:PSS in Solar Cells
Authors: Nishad G.R.
Published: April 2021

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is increasingly being used in the field of printed and flexible electronics in the form of electrode as well as intermediate layer. PEDOT:PSS belongs to the family of intrinsically conducting polymer materials whose members can conduct electricity in spite of their organic nature without the presence of metals. It is non-toxic, stable in the presence of air and humidity. Above all, it can be easily processed through conventional means. This chapter deals with the applications of PEDOT:PSS in organic solar cells (OSCs), dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and silicon based hybrid solar cells. PEDOT:PSS is being used as electrode, buffer layer and hole conductive layer. It could manipulate the catalytic nature of counter electrode used in DSSCs. Whereas it may help to manipulate the morphological character in Si based hybrid solar cells along with enhancement of cell performance.
H2O2-Scavenging Activity and Hyaluronidase Inhibition Scutellarin and Apigenin in Basil Leaf Extract
Authors: Yusuf Lydia , Girsang Ermi , Nasution Ali Napiah , Elvira Cut , Wibowo Satrio Haryo Benowo , Widowati Wahyu
Published: April 2021

The potential utilization of flavonoid compounds, especially scutellarin, and apigenin, contained in basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) leaf extract to manage the aging effects on the skin, that occurs because of over-activated hyaluronidase enzyme and oxidative stress due to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) radicals, is not well known. This study was conducted to assess the H2O2 scavenging activity and the inhibition of hyaluronidase from scutellarin and apigenin at various concentrations. The study was conducted by measuring H2O2 scavenging inhibition and hyaluronidase inhibition of scutellarin and apigenin in various concentrations using the spectrophotometry method. The various activity was tested using the One-Way ANOVA test followed by Tukey post hoc test. IC50 values were calculated based on linear regression equations of H2O2 scavenging inhibition and hyaluronidase inhibition. The analysis showed the highest H2O2 scavenging activity was found in scutellarin with IC50 158.76 Î¼g/mL. Scutellarin has greater scavenging activity than apigenin. Hyaluronidase inhibition of scutellarin with IC50 35.25 Âµg/mL, while apigenin was 162.86 Âµg/mL. Scutellarin has higher hyaluronidase inhibition activity than apigenin. Antioxidant and antiaging effects of basil leaf extract caused by phytochemical compounds contained, especially scutellarin.
Giant Parasagittal Meningioma with Complete Visual Loss in Young Female: A Case Report
Authors: Sinaga Patrice LWY , Irsyad Muhammad Ari , Dharmajaya Ridha
Published: April 2021

Parasagittal meningioma is a benign extra-axial tumor from the arachnoid cap cell that fills the parasagittal angle. This case report presents a case of a 21-years old young female with a history of complete visual loss, left side paresthesia, and progressive blunt headache. Brain MRI and MRV revealed a giant enhancing tumor measuring 9.2 cm x 8.41 cm x 7.5 cm on the right parietooccipital lobe with obstruction of the posterior third of the superior sagittal sinus. Gross total removal was achieved. The pathology reports confirmed a WHO grade I meningioma. The paresthesia and headache were improved, but the loss of visions did not change. Giant parasagittal meningioma may invade the superior sagittal sinus leading to intracranial hypertension. The surgical strategy should target the survival and postoperative quality of life. Occlusion of posterior third superior sagittal sinus affects deficiency venous return resulting in visual loss.
Gender Differences in Denial-Acceptance Duration Based on KÃ¼bler-Ross Cycle After HIV Diagnosis
Authors: Burhan Niniek Budiarti , Febriliant Muhammad Reza
Published: April 2021

Patients who have been diagnosed with HIV often suffer from sadness and grief that, in turn, affect the adherence to HIV treatment. This study aimed to examine gender differences in the denial-acceptance duration based on the KÃ¼bler-Ross cycle in patients after diagnosed with HIV. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 63 adult HIV patients aged 19-60 years who received routine treatment at the HIV/VCT outpatient department of Saiful Anwar General Hospital Malang. Subjects were interviewed using the Acceptance of Disease and Impairments Questionnaire (ADIQ). Gender differences in denial-acceptance duration after diagnosed with HIV were analyzed using the unpaired T-test. Results were statistically significant if p value <0.05. The median duration of denial-acceptance in male subjects was 16 weeks with the shortest duration of 1 week and the longest duration of 144 weeks, while the median duration of female subjects was 12 weeks with the shortest duration of 1 week and the longest duration of 240 weeks. There are no gender differences in the denial-acceptance duration (p value = 0.629). In conclusion, there are no gender differences in denial-acceptance duration based on the KÃ¼bler-Ross cycle after diagnosed with HIV.
Intravesical Blood Clot Retention? How We Manage It, a Tertiary Hospital Preference
Authors: Laksita Tetuka Bagus , Rizaldi Fikri
Published: April 2021

Intravesical blood clot retention is one of the Urological emergencies. Ongoing haematuria and blood clot formation in the bladder obstruct the urine outflow and lead to urinary retention, abdominal pain, anemia, urinary tract infection (UTI), and renal function deterioration. Most of the cases required cystoscopy blood clot evacuation and definitive surgery to stop the ongoing bleeding. This study aimed to discover the demography, characteristics, management, and complication of patients with intravesical blood clot retention in Dr. Soetomo General Acadenic Hospital, Surabaya from January 2017 until April 2020. This is an observational study, a retrospective-descriptive design. We conducted a review on the medical records of 97 patients, 76 males and 21 females with an average age of 54.9 years old. Of all patients initially treated conservatively using normal saline irrigation with a large three-way catheter (22-24 fr), four were successfully treated without surgery, and 89 patients underwent cystoscopy and definitive surgery. The mean operation time was 69,6 minutes, with an average blood clot volume of 167,7 ml (25-600 ml). Sources of bleeding were mostly originated from malignancy (58%), Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) (10%), and hemorrhagic cystitis (7%).Â  The most common comorbidity found was hypertension (13) and chronic kidney disease (10). Based on our experience, managing intravesical blood clot retention with cystoscopy continued with definitive surgery in a one-step procedure is a good approach. Urological malignancy is the most frequent abnormality that causes intravesical blood clot retention.
Diversidad genética y fisicoquímica en doce cultivares brasileños de anacardo (Anacardium occidentale)
Authors: De Souza Lemos Moaciria , Do Nascimento Bordallo Patricia , Das Chagas Vidal Neto Francisco , Nogueira Lima Eveline , Santos Araújo Holanda Ioná
Published: April 2021

Antecedentes y Objetivos: El marañón (Anacardium occidentale) es un árbol nativo de Brasil y cultivado en varios climas cálidos en todo el mundo. La producción de nueces de marañón ha sido una actividad económica importante para muchos países tropicales, proporcionando una variedad de alimentos con un gran valor nutricional. La diversidad genética entre los primeros árboles de marañón enanos utilizados para la producción es poco conocida, así como la composición nutricional entre los frutos secos de estas plantas. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar las características fisicoquímicas de los granos de marañón y estudiar la diversidad genética entre doce cultivares para indicar genotipos superiores para futuros programas de mejoramiento.Métodos: Se evaluó el pH, acidez titulable, humedad, ceniza, lípidos y proteínas de los granos de marañón de doce cultivares. La variabilidad genética se evaluó mediante marcadores moleculares RAPD e ISSR. Se utilizaron datos de análisis moleculares y fisicoquímicos para estimar las distancias genéticas y se aplicó el método de prueba de Mantel para calcular la correlación de Pearson entre los datos.Resultados clave: Se encontró una alta variabilidad genética entre los cultivares. BRS 274 y BRS 275 fueron los más cercanos genéticamente, mientras que CCP 09 y BRS 189 fueron los más distantes. Por otro lado, EMBRAPA 51 y BRS 226 mostraron granos con características fisicoquímicas más similares, mientras que BRS 189 y BRS 253 tuvieron los más diferentes. Además, no se encontró correlación entre los resultados fisicoquímicos y moleculares. Los granos de marañón tenían un pH cercano a la neutralidad, baja acidez, considerable contenido de humedad y alto contenido de lípidos y proteínas.Conclusiones: Los granos de marañón de los doce cultivares estudiados aquí tenían baja acidez y pH, contenido considerable de humedad y cenizas, y alto contenido de proteínas y lípidos. BRS 189, BRS 253 y CCP 1001 mostraron los mejores valores de proteínas, lípidos, acidez y pH. Además, esos cultivares tienen una distancia genética máxima entre ellos, que pueden usarse como progenitores en futuras combinaciones de genes en programas de mejoramiento genético.
Экспериментальная модель многолучевого устройства для наблюдения в радиосвете
Authors: Дмитриев А.С. , Петросян М.М. , Рыжов А.И.
Published: April 2021

The possibility of creation of biological eye analogue working in radio-frequency is considered in order to observe the environment using artificial radiolight. In accordance with its biological prototype, this analogue consists of system of sensitive elements (retina), lens-like focusing element and the set of directional antennas that are used for primary processing of received noise-like ultrawideband radiation. The experimental device of this type is proposed and its performance is demonstrated.
Сдвиг инфракрасных спектров поглощения и излучения ионов переходных металлов в твердых растворах полупроводниковых соединений
Authors: Найденов С.В.
Published: April 2021

A universal theoretical model explaining the effect of the shift of absorption and emission bands of transition metal ions in solid solutions of semiconductor compounds is proposed. By the example of ternary compounds Zn1-xMgxSe:Cr2+ and Cd1-xMnxTe:Fe2+, an estimate of the typical parameters of the long-wavelength shift of absorption and luminescence in the mid-infrared range with increasing of concentration of solid solution is performed. A generalization of the effect to the case of multicomponent solid solutions is considered.
Parents’ Attitudes Toward School Students’ Overuse of Smartphones and Its Detrimental Health Impacts: Qualitative Study
Authors: Buabbas Ali , Hasan Huda , Shehab Abrar Abdulmohsen
Published: April 2021

Background

Parents’ awareness of the risks of the overuse of smartphones (SPs) among their children and parents’ attitudes toward this societal phenomenon are crucial factors to consider when investigating the causes and effects of, as well as interventions to control, this public health issue.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the awareness and attitudes of parents regarding SP overuse among their children and the detrimental impacts associated with it.

Methods

The qualitative method of semistructured face-to-face interviews was used to collect data from fathers and mothers of children aged 6-18 years from all 6 educational/governorate regions in the governmental sector in Kuwait.

Results

A total of 120 parents agreed to participate in the study; there were more female (75/120, 62.5%) than male (45/120, 37.5%) respondents. Almost all of the participants (118/120, 98.3%) were aware that the overuse of SPs could lead to their children becoming addicted to the devices; they were also aware that there could be side effects on their children’s health (117/120, 97.5%). Although the participants, mostly the mothers, supervised their children’s use of SPs closely (106/120, 88.3%), the majority could not control their children’s length of time using SPs, as the children considered this a deprivation of their rights. Eye-related problems, headaches, and anger were the most common side effects experienced by the children.

Conclusions

Although the parents were aware of the detrimental impacts of SP overuse, the majority could not control the length of time their children spent using the devices. It was found that strong social bonds among family members play a large role in controlling the use of SPs. A number of solutions for families and the government to combat the overuse of SPs are suggested.
App-Based Feedback for Rehabilitation Exercise Correction in Patients With Knee or Hip Osteoarthritis: Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Biebl Johanna Theresia , Rykala Marzena , Strobel Maximilian , Kaur Bollinger Pawandeep , Ulm Bernhard , Kraft Eduard , Huber Stephan , Lorenz Andreas
Published: April 2021

Background

The use of digital therapeutic solutions for rehabilitation of conditions such as osteoarthritis provides scalable access to rehabilitation. Few validated technological solutions exist to ensure supervision of users while they exercise at home. Motion Coach (Kaia Health GmbH) provides audiovisual feedback on exercise execution in real time on conventional smartphones.

Objective

We hypothesized that the interrater agreement between physiotherapists and Motion Coach would be noninferior to physiotherapists’ interrater agreement for exercise evaluations in a cohort with osteoarthritis.

Methods

Patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip were recruited at a university hospital to perform a set of 6 exercises. Agreement between Motion Coach and 2 physiotherapists’ corrections for segments of the exercises were compared using Cohen κ and percent agreement.

Results

Participants (n=24) were enrolled and evaluated. There were no significant differences between interrater agreements (Motion Coach app vs physiotherapists: percent agreement 0.828; physiotherapist 1 vs physiotherapist 2: percent agreement 0.833; P<.001). Age (70 years or under, older than 70 years), gender (male, female), or BMI (30 kg/m2 or under, greater than 30 kg/m2) subgroup analysis revealed no detectable difference in interrater agreement. There was no detectable difference in levels of interrater agreement between Motion Coach vs physiotherapists and between physiotherapists in any of the 6 exercises.

Conclusions

The results demonstrated that Motion Coach is noninferior to physiotherapist evaluations. Interrater agreement did not differ between 2 physiotherapists or between physiotherapists and the Motion Coach app. This finding was valid for all investigated exercises and subgroups. These results confirm the ability of Motion Coach to detect user form during exercise and provide valid feedback to users with musculoskeletal disorders.
Learning the Mental Health Impact of COVID-19 in the United States With Explainable Artificial Intelligence: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Jha Indra Prakash , Awasthi Raghav , Kumar Ajit , Kumar Vibhor , Sethi Tavpritesh
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the health, economic, and social fabric of many nations worldwide. Identification of individual-level susceptibility factors may help people in identifying and managing their emotional, psychological, and social well-being.

OBJECTIVE

This study is focused on learning a ranked list of factors that could indicate a predisposition to a mental disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

In this study, we have used a survey of 17,764 adults in the United States from different age groups, genders, and socioeconomic statuses. Through initial statistical analysis and Bayesian network inference, we have identified key factors affecting mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Integrating Bayesian networks with classical machine learning approaches led to effective modeling of the level of mental health prevalence.

RESULTS

Overall, females were more stressed than males, and people in the age group 18-29 years were more vulnerable to anxiety than other age groups. Using the Bayesian network model, we found that people with a chronic mental illness were more prone to mental disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. The new realities of working from home; homeschooling; and lack of communication with family, friends, and neighbors induces mental pressure. Financial assistance from social security helps in reducing mental stress during the COVID-19–generated economic crises. Finally, using supervised machine learning models, we predicted the most mentally vulnerable people with ~80% accuracy.

CONCLUSIONS

Multiple factors such as social isolation, digital communication, and working and schooling from home were identified as factors of mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic. Regular in-person communication with friends and family, a healthy social life, and social security were key factors, and taking care of people with a history of mental disease appears to be even more important during this time.
Prior Cesarean Delivery Healthcare Facilities Variations in Pregnancy Outcomes of Placenta Accreta Spectrum with Placenta Previa: A retrospective study from a tertiary transferal center (Preprint)
Authors: Gao Xuan , Wang Shaoshuai , Wei Lijie , Gao Peng , Li Jiaqi , Zhang Jingyi , Zhou Xuan , Zhu Shenglan , Zhang Huiting , Chen Yuting , Jiang Yi , He Mengzhou , Yu Jun , Feng Ling
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

The prevalence of Placenta Accreta Spectrum(PAS) is increasing rapidly linked with the cesarean rate increase worldwide, creating a threatening condition from severe postpartum hemorrhage to various maternal morbidities. The socio-economic imbalance, geographical, qualification, and specialty variations of the previous cesarean delivery healthcare facilities resulted in assessment and management difficulties.

OBJECTIVE

To assess variations of prior cesarean delivery healthcare facilities on pregnancy outcomes on current PAS with Placenta Previa.

METHODS

This retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary referral center from Nov.2015 to Nov.2020 in central China. Healthcare facilities were classified by geographical, hospital grading, ownership, and specialty variations. The primary outcome was postpartum hemorrhage(PPH), secondary outcomes included Placenta Percreta and maternal-fetal morbidities.

RESULTS

In total, 252 patients were enrolled, 58(23%) patients had Placenta Accreta, 131(52%) had Placenta Increta and 63(25%) had Placenta Percreta. The overall incidence of PPH was 47.2%(119 out of 252). As the administrative geographical level becoming smaller and more distant, PPH incidence climbed up: province-level(10, 32.3%), prefecture-level(65, 48.5%), county-level(30, 42.3%), and rural township(14, 82.5%), P for trend= 0.019. The odds of PPH in rural township clinics was 5.84(P=0.03, 95%CI 1.18~28.77) compared to the province-level hospitals. Similarly, when hospital grades declined, PPH incidence raised: tertiary(26, 39.4%), secondary(28, 43.8%), primary(14, 38.9%) and unclassified(51, 59.3%), P for trend= 0.047. Unclassified hospitals had 2.16(P= 0.046, 95%CI 1.02~4.61) times odds of PPH compared to tertiary medical centers. PPH showed no statistical significance based on ownership or specialty variations. Also, Placenta Percreta increased when geographical location shifted from urban to rural: three (9.7%) from province-level, 34(25.6%) from prefecture-level, 18(25.4%) from county-level and eight(47.1%) from rural township clinics, P= 0.04, P for trend =0.018. Patients with previous rural township clinics cesarean delivery had a 7.49 times risk((P=0.011, 95%CI 1.59~35.19) of developing Placenta Percreta compared with province-level hospitals.

CONCLUSIONS

Healthcare facilities variations of the previous cesarean delivery have upcoming impacts on subsequent pregnancy. The tendency of experiencing adverse maternal outcomes is more significant with prior cesarean in the rural township clinics and unclassified hospitals. The findings call for physicians’ alertness, persistent efforts in urban-rural disparity reduction, and measures to achieve equitable management.
A Markerless 2D Video, Facial Feature Recognition–Based, Artificial Intelligence Model to Assist With Screening for Parkinson Disease: Development and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Hou Xinyao , Zhang Yu , Wang Yanping , Wang Xinyi , Zhao Jiahao , Zhu Xiaobo , Su Jianbo
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Masked face is a characteristic clinical manifestation of Parkinson disease (PD), but subjective evaluations from different clinicians often show low consistency owing to a lack of accurate detection technology. Hence, it is of great significance to develop methods to make monitoring easier and more accessible.

OBJECTIVE

The study aimed to develop a markerless 2D video, facial feature recognition–based, artificial intelligence (AI) model to assess facial features of PD patients and investigate how AI could help neurologists improve the performance of early PD diagnosis.

METHODS

We collected 140 videos of facial expressions from 70 PD patients and 70 matched controls from 3 hospitals using a single 2D video camera. We developed and tested an AI model that performs masked face recognition of PD patients based on the acquisition and evaluation of facial features including geometric and texture features. Random forest, support vector machines, and k-nearest neighbor were used to train the model. The diagnostic performance of the AI model was compared with that of 5 neurologists.

RESULTS

The experimental results showed that our AI models can achieve feasible and effective facial feature recognition ability to assist with PD diagnosis. The accuracy of PD diagnosis can reach 83% using geometric features. And with the model trained by random forest, the accuracy of texture features is up to 86%. When these 2 features are combined, an F1 value of 88% can be reached, where the random forest algorithm is used. Further, the facial features of patients with PD were not associated with the motor and nonmotor symptoms of PD.

CONCLUSIONS

PD patients commonly exhibit masked facial features. Videos of a facial feature recognition–based AI model can provide a valuable tool to assist with PD diagnosis and the potential of realizing remote monitoring of the patient’s condition, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Hubungan Kepatuhan Pengobatan Terhadap Outcome Klinik Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 dengan Medication Adherence Rating Scale-5 (MARS-5)
Authors: Firdiawan Arie , Andayani Tri Murti , Kristina Susi Ari
Published: April 2021

Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit kronis yang membutuhkan pengobatan jangka panjang dan kompleks dimana kepatuhan penggunaan obat yang tinggi akan menghasilkan outcome klinik yang baik serta dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien diabetes melitus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kepatuhan pengobatan terhadap outcome klinik pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di beberapa Puskesmas Kota Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul yang melakukan berkunjung ke Puskesmas periode September hingga Desember 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan total responden 200 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data kepatuhan pengobatan pasien diperoleh dengan menggunakan kuisioner medication adherence report scale (MARS 5), data outcome klinik pasien berdasarkan glukosa dara sewaktu atau puasa dari rekam medik, data sosiodemografi diperoleh dari wawancara dan rekam medik. Analisis hubungan kepatuhan terhadap outcome klinik menggunakan analisis Chi square. Dari hasil analisis terhadap 200 pasien, pasien memiliki tingkat kepatuhan rendah 114 (57%) dimana alasan utama ketidakpatuhan yaitu pasien lupa minum obat 84 (42%), outcome klinik belum tercapai 136 (68%). Terdapat hubungan antara kepatuhan terhadap outcome klinik (p=0,009; OR=2,211; CI=1,208-4,048). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, tenaga kesehatan khususnya apoteker perlu lebih menekankan kepatuhan pengobatan untuk menghasilkan outcome klinik yang baik
Pengaruh Pemberian Antibiotik Profilaksis Terhadap Infeksi Luka Operasi pada Pasien Bedah Obstetri dan Ginekologi di RSUP Dr. Sardjito
Authors: Makani Mawaqit , Andayani Tri Murti
Published: April 2021

Antibiotik profilaksis merupakan obat yang digunakan dalam pencegahan dan penanganan pada infeksi luka operasi (ILO). Infeksi luka operasi menjadi penyumbang infeksi sebesar 14% dan kejadian tertinggi berasal dari obstetri dan ginekologi. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kesesuaian dan prediksi kadar pada penggunaan antibiotik profilaksis terhadap kejadian infeksi luka operasi pada pasien yang bedah obsgin. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara observasional analitik dengan rancangan case control study. Data penelitian diambil dari rekam medik pasien bedah obsgin pada bulan Januari - Desember 2018 kemudian dikelompokkan menjadi kelompok ILO dan tidak ILO. Dilakukan evaluasi terhadap kesesuain jenis, dosis, waktu pemberian,interval, dan prediksi kadar antibiotik dalam darah pada kedua kelompok. Analisis data dilakukan uji chi-square dan Fisher exact test untuk data kategorikal untuk melihat profil baseline sampel dan hubungan antara kesesuaian antibiotik profilaksis dengan kejadian ILO. Hasil penelitian pada 21 kelompok ILO dan 63 kelompok tidak ILO tidak terdapat hubungan antara kesuaian antibiotik profilaksis dengan kejadian luka operasi (p>0,05), prediksis kadar antibiotik saat selesai operasi memiliki hubungan yang bermakna terhadap kejadian ILO (p<0,01; RR 4,5; 95% CI 2,9-6,7).
Perbandingan Aktivitas Antibakteri Antara Ekstrak Daun Katang-Katang (Ipomoea pes-caprae L.) dan Minyak Seith Terhadap Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Kiriwenno Jennifer Vivian , Yunita Melda , Latuconsina Vina Z.
Published: April 2021

Pendahuluan. Penyakit infeksi merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang dihadapi oleh negara berkembang seperti di Indonesia. Salah satu penyebab infeksi ialah bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Tanaman katang-katang (Ipomoea pes-caprae L.) dan minyak seith merupakan produk tanaman yang memiliki potensi sebagai agen antibakteri. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan dan konsentrasi yang paling efektif dari ekstrak daun katang-katang dan minyak seith dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus. Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan ekstrak daun katang-katang dan minyak seith dalam konsentrasi 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% dan 100% serta ampisilin sebagai kontrol positif dan aquades sebagai kontrol negatif yang diuji dengan Staphylococcus aureus kemudian diukur zona hambatnya dengan 3 kali pengulangan. Hasil. Hasil uji menunjukkan rerata zona hambat terbesar terbentuk pada konsentrasi 100% (12.0 mm) kemudian diikuti oleh konsentrasi 80% (7.66 mm), 60% (0 mm), 40% (0 mm), 20% (0 mm), dan 10% (0 mm) pada ekstrak daun katang-katang sedangkan pada minyak seith tidak terbentuk zona hambat untuk semua konsentrasi. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan one-way ANOVA dan uji lanjut menggunakan Bonferroni Test menunjukkan nilai signifikansi 0.000 (p<0.05). Hal ini berarti secara statistik, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan. Kesimpulan. Pemberian ekstrak daun katang-katang memiliki potensi sebagai agen antibakteri terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus dibandingkan minyak seith.