bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advantages of Feedback Control in Microwave Photonic Transversal Filters Based on Kerr Microcombs
Authors: Moss David
Published: December 2023

Feedback control plays a crucial role in improving system accuracy and stability for a variety of scientific and engineering applications. Here, we theoretically and experimentally investigate the implementation of feedback control in microwave photonic (MWP) transversal filter systems based on optical microcomb sources, which offer advantages in achieving highly reconfigurable processing functions without requiring changes to hardware. We propose four different feedback control methods including (1) one-stage spectral power reshaping, (2) one-stage impulse response reshaping, (3) two-stage spectral power reshaping, and (4) two-stage synergic spectral power reshaping and impulse response reshaping. We experimentally implement these feedback control methods and compare their performance. The results show that the feedback control can significantly improve not only the accuracy of comb line shaping as well as temporal signal processing and spectral filtering, but also the system’s long-term stability. Finally, we discuss the current limitations and future prospects for optimizing feedback control in microcomb-based MWP transversal filter systems implemented by both discrete components and integrated chips. Our results provide a comprehensive guide for the implementation of feedback control in microcomb-based MWP filter systems in order to improve their performance for practical applications.
Effect of Sr on Microstructures and Wear Properties in Sr-modified Hypoeutectic Al-Si-Cu-Mg Alloys
Authors: Lee Yoon-Seok , Kwon Hansang
Published: December 2023

Hypoeutectic Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloys are promising candidates for use in automobile parts. Therefore, various attempts have been made to develop alternative casting technologies to improve the mechanical properties of cast alloys. In this study, the effects of modification with different levels of strontium (Sr) on primary and eutectic silicon (Si) in hypoeutectic Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloys were investigated. Using a gravity cast process, the Sr-modified samples were prepared from melts with four levels (100, 200, 300, and 400 ppm) of Sr. In addition, the wear properties of the cast samples were studied using a block-on-ring wear-testing machine. The sizes of the primary Si phases increased with increasing Sr content in the alloys. Moreover, more finely dispersed eutectic Si was observed with higher Sr content. In frictional wear tests, the specific wear rates of the test specimens decreased as the Sr content increased from 200 to 400 ppm. Coarse Si phases are considered to act as solid lubricants in the contact region during sliding.
Development of Self-generated and LPWA-based Crop Growth Environment Monitoring and Bigdata Analysis System
Authors: Oh YeonJae
Published: December 2023

Smart farm is a technology that greatly helps improve the productivity and quality of crops and is being actively introduced into indoor environments such as green houses. However, it has not yet been distributed to field-grown crops. The main reason is that, unlike indoor environments, it is very difficult to collect sensor data for monitoring the growth environment of crops in open fields where weather conditions change significantly and power supply is difficult. Additionally, because various sensors are used, the data formats of the devices are different, making it difficult to process. This paper presents a field crop growth environment monitoring and big data analysis system. The proposed system first solves power supply and data communication problems using solar power generation and LPWA technology. Additionally, based on the oneM2M architecture, data from various sensors is transmitted to the server using standardized technology. The transmitted data is stored and managed on the server as big data, and can be used to predict the production and quality of field-grown crops and take appropriate measures. The proposed system is expected to create an environment optimized for the growth of field crops and help prevent and manage diseases.
Electrochemical Properties of Zinc Oxide Surface Coating on Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries for ESS Applications
Authors: Sungyeol Kown , Changsoo Sim
Published: December 2023

In this study, we investigated the surface modification of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode material by coating it with ZnO and examined the changes in surface composition using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. Furthermore, we investigated the electrochemical properties, including discharge capacity and initial irreversible capacity, of the modified materials. The results revealed that ZnO predominantly existed on the material surface, exerting influence on both surface composition and electrochemical characteristics. As the ZnO coating amount increased, the nickel and manganese content on the material surface also increased, and heat treatment at 400 °C resulted in the formation of composite oxides of transition metals and zinc on the material surface. The bonding energy of transition metals increased, and ZnO coating at a mass fraction of 2 % effectively suppressed irreversible reactions around 3.6 V at 55 °C, thereby improving initial coulombic efficiency. Battery materials coated with 2% ZnO exhibited optimal discharge capacity and cycle life at 55 °C/0.5 C.
Can New Life Be Created Synthetically?
Authors: Venkatramani Aishwarya
Published: December 2023

This paper presents a concise exploration of the synthetic biology currently to artificially 1 create life, juxtaposed against natural life’s emergence over Earth’s 4.5-billion-year history. It explores 2 the complexities of life’s origins, sustaining factors, and the consequences of synthetic life creation, 3 addressing key scientific milestones such as the Urey-Miller experiment and Jacques Monod’s pro- 4 posals. The narrative navigates through the roles of energy, Maxwell’s demons, bifurcations, and 5 genetic information in the emergence and evolution of complex biological systems. Despite significant 6 strides in genetic engineering, the challenge of creating life from scratch persists, necessitating a deep 7 understanding of diverse scientific disciplines. While synthetic biology holds promise for medicine 8 and biotechnology, the creation of truly autonomous synthetic life forms raises ethical concerns. The 9 paper also stresses the imperative for careful ethical evaluation of the societal and environmental 10 implications arising from these advancements.
Digital Guardianship: Innovative Strategies in Preserving Armenian’s Epigraphic Legacy
Authors: Tamrazyan Hamest , Hovhannisyan Gayane
Published: December 2023

In the face of geopolitical threats in Artsakh, the preservation of Armenia's epigraphic heritage has become a mission of both historical and cultural urgency. This project delves deep into Armenian inscriptions, employing advanced digital tools and strategies like the Oxygen text editor and EpiDoc guidelines to efficiently catalogue, analyze, and present these historical treasures. Amidst the adversities posed by Azerbaijan's stance towards Armenian heritage in Artsakh, the digital documentation and preservation of these inscriptions have become a beacon of cultural resilience. The XML-based database ensures consistent data, promoting scholarly research and broadening accessibility. Integrating the Grabar Armenian dictionary addressed linguistic challenges, enhancing data accuracy. This initiative goes beyond merely preserving stone and text; it is a testament to the stories, hopes, and enduring spirit of the Armenian people in the face of external threats. Through a harmonious blend of technology and traditional knowledge, the project stands as a vanguard in the fight to ensure that Armenia's rich epigraphic legacy and the narratives they enshrine remain undiminished for future generations.
How Simply One Can Considerably Improve Performance of the Gas Stripper at the GSI UNILAC (Proposal)
Authors: Varentsov Victor
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we propose a simple way in which one can considerably improve performance of the gas stripper setup at the GSI UNILAC. To do so, it will be enough just to use the classic and well known design concept for internal gas jet targets, by installing the gas catcher tube at some distance from the supersonic nozzle exit. As a result, the background pressure in the main and differentially pumped adjacent vacuum chambers of the gas stripper at the GSI UNILAC will dramatically reduce, and it will make it possible to achieve the required optimal target thicknesses in the mode of continuous gas jet operation. In addition, the pulsed stripper operation mode is simply realized by implementing a commercially available fast gas valve connected to the nozzle inlet. In this case, there is a possibility to achieve better stripping efficiency and higher average charge states of uranium ion beam after passing through the hydrogen pulsed jet target. More-over, the ion beam pulses repetition rate can be increased, and it will allow the higher average intensity of the ion beams extracted from the GSI UNILAC. The functionality of the proposed GSI UNILAC gas stripper modification and the design of its key components we explored by detailed gas dynamic simulations, which results are presented and discussed.
CCDA: A Novel Method to Explore the Cross-Correlation in Dual-Attention for Multimodal Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Wang Peicheng , Shuxian Liu , Jinyan Chen
Published: December 2023

With the development of the Internet, The content people share contains types of text, images, and videos, and utilizing these multimodal data for sentiment analysis has become an important area of research. Multimodal sentiment analysis aims to understand and perceive emotions or sentiments in different types of data. Currently, the realm of multimodal sentiment analysis faces various challenges, with a major emphasis on addressing two key issues: 1) Inefficiency when modeling the intra-modality and inter-modality dynamics and 2) Inability to effectively fuse multimodal features. In this paper, we proposed the CCDA(Cross-Correlation in Dual-Attention) model, a novel method to explore dynamics between different modalities and fuse multimodal features efficiently. We capture dynamics at intra- and inter-modal levels by using two types of attention mechanisms simultaneously. Meanwhile, the cross-correlation loss is introduced to capture the correlation between attention mechanisms. Moreover, the relevant coefficient is proposed to integrate multimodal features effectively. Extensive experiments were conducted on three publicly available datasets, CMU-MOSI, CMU-MOSEI, and CH-SIMS. The experimental results fully confirm the effectiveness of our proposed method, and compared with the current optimal method (SOTA), our model shows obvious advantages in most of the key metrics, proving its better performance in multimodal sentiment analysis.
A Modification to the Remotely Sensed Active Layer Thickness (ReSALT) Algorithm to have Self-Consistency
Authors: Mathur Jatin , Dalal Suhani
Published: December 2023

Permafrost thaw is an important aspect of Earth's carbon cycles. Initial estimates suggest that permafrost thaw could contribute anywhere between 20 to 500 Gt of CO2 by 2100. These estimates are all fundamentally centered around one number: active layer thickness (ALT). The deeper the ALT, the more emissions. Unfortunately, ALT is a highly spatially heterogeneous number and determined by numerous thermal, soil hydrology, and geomorphological effects. The remotely sensed active layer thickness (ReSALT) algorithm was introduced in 2010 to provide scientists a way to model ALT heterogeneously at meter-scale resolution. However, upon inspection, this work shows that ReSALT's modelling approach is self-inconsistent. This work then introduces SCReSALT (Self-Consistent ReSALT) to solve that problem. SCReSALT is conceptually simple, physics-based, self-consistent, and makes no approximations. Experimental comparisons to a past study in Utqiagvik (formerly Barrow), Alaska show significant improvement and suggest that SCReSALT should replace ReSALT.
Optimasi Metode Ekstraksi Albumin Dari Ikan Gabus (Channa striata)
Authors: Hidayatullah Muhammad Haqqi , Munawwarah Munawwarah , Suhendi Andi
Published: December 2023

Ikan gabus (Channa striata) memiliki kadar protein yang tinggi dengan kandungan utamanya adalah albumin. Sehingga diperlukan metode dan kondisi ekstraksi yang sesuai agar mendapatkan rendemen dan kandungan albumin yang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan metode ekstrkasi yang optimal antara perebusan biasa, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) dan ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) dengan parameter kadar albumin. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan perbandingan daging ikan gabus dan akuades (1 : 1). Variasi waktu ekstraksi yaitu 5, 10 dan 15 menit. Kadar albumin ditetapkan dengan metode Lowry. Rendemen ekstrak yang dihasilkan dari 3 metode ekstraksi pada waktu ekstraksi 5 menit berurutan 2,419; 1,293 dan 1,575 %b/b. Kurva baku Albumin didapatkan persamaan regresi linier yaitu y = 3,38x + 0,7396 dengan nilai r = 0,997. Kadar albumin yang diperoleh dari 3 metode ekstraksi pada waktu ekstraksi 10 menit secara berurutan adalah 47,009 + 1,046; 44,792 + 5,372 dan 28,946 + 2,260 %b/b. Berdasarkan data tersebut, metode ekstraksi yang memberikan kadar albumin yang terbesar adalah metode perebusan dengan waktu 10 menit.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Buah Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia Linn) terhadap Respon Inflamasi Tikus yang diinduksi Kolitis
Authors: Utami Tri Fitri Yana , Sahid Muhammad Novrizal Abdi , Ediati Ediati , Sari Ika Puspita
Published: December 2023

Kolitis Ulseratif (KU) merupakan penyakit peradangan usus yang dapat berkembang menjadi kanker usus dan akan meningkatkan kematian jika tidak tertangani dengan baik. Pengobatan KU dilakukan dengan pemberian kortikosteroid, imunosupresan dan agen biologis, namun hal itu dapat menyebabkan munculnya penyakit lainnya. Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia Linn) mengandung senyawa flavonoid yang mampu memberikan efek preventif dan terapeutik dengan menurunkan sitokin proinflamasi sehingga diperkirakan dapat memperbaiki kondisi KU. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek pemberian Ekstrak Buah Mengkudu (EBM) terhadap KU pada tikus yang diinduksi asam asetat. EBM diperoleh dari ekstraksi metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%. Induksi KU dilakukan pada tikus Sprague Dawley menggunakan 2% asam asetat. Tikus dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok, yaitu:  K1 (kontrol normal); K2 (kontrol negatif); K3 (Kontrol positif); K4, K5 dan K6 yaitu perlakuan berturut-turut diberi EBM dosis 100 mg/kgBB, 200 mg/kgBB dan 400 mg/kgBB. Kemudian dilakukan pengamatan respon inflamasi dengan paramater skoring penilaian indeks aktivitas penyakit (IAP) kolitis (berat badan, konsistensi feses, dan keberadaan darah pada feses), makrokopi lesi kolon serta rasio berat kolon/panjang kolon. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa EBM berpengaruh pada penurunan skor IAP KU, makroskopi lesi kolon dan rasio berat kolon/ panjang kolon pada dosis 100 mg/kgBB, 200 mg/kgBB, dan 400 mg/kgBB dimana dosis 400 mg/kgBB menunjukkan aktivitas yang lebih baik dan menunjukkan perbedaan siginifikan (p<0,05) dibandingkan kontrol negatif. EBM memberikan respon yang baik pada kondisi KU jika dinilai dengan parameter tersebut. Perbaikan respon inflamasi pada KU oleh EBM, menjadikan EBM sebagai kandidat pengobatan KU yang potensial.
Tren Penggunaan Antibiotik dan Profil Resistensi pada Kelompok Critical-Priority Bacteria di ICU Rumah Sakit “X” Provinsi Bali (2017-2019)
Authors: Sanjaya Dwi Arymbhi , Juanita Rr Asih , Meriyani Herleeyana , Siada Nyoman Budiartha , Lestari Komang Triani
Published: December 2023

Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, dan Escherichia coli merupakan kelompok critical-priority bacteria yang telah mengalami multi drug resistant (MDR) dan sering ditemukan di Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Isolat bakteri-bakteri berjumlah lebih dari 75% mengalami MDR di ICU sebuah rumah sakit umum daerah di Bali, Indonesia. Penggunaan antibiotik yang tinggi berkaitan dengan tingkat resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik. Pola resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik dapat berbeda di setiap wilayah yang disebabkan oleh adanya perbedaan lingkungan dan perbedaan tingkat penggunaan antibiotik di wilayah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tren penggunaan antibiotik sistemik, pola resistensi dan hubungan antara tingkat penggunaan dengan persentase resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik pada kelompok critical-priority bacteria di ICU rumah sakit “X” provinsi Bali. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian ekologikal yang menggunakan data sekunder selama tahun 2017-2019. Analisis tren penggunaan antibiotik dianalisis menggunakan time series analysis. Hubungan antara tingkat penggunaan antibiotik dan persentase resistensi bakteri prioritas kritis dianalisis dengan regresi linier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa antibiotik gentamisin, amikasin, dan siprofloksasin mengalami peningkatan tren penggunaan sedangkan ampisilin, ampisilin-sulbaktam, seftazidim, dan meropenem mengalami penurunan tren penggunaan. Time series analysis menunjukkan penggunaan antibiotik yang fluktuatif. Selain itu, didapatkan bahwa A. baumannii masuk dalam dua kategori fenotipik CDC yaitu, carbNS_Acine dan MDR_Acine sedangkan K. pneumoniae masuk dalam kategori ESCklebsiella. Tingkat penggunaan antibiotik sistemik di ICU dengan persentase resistensi E. coli, K. pneumoniae, dan P. aeruginosa di ICU (p<0,05) terdapat hubungan signifikan, tetapi tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara penggunaan antibiotik sistemik pada pasien di ICU dengan persentase resistensi bakteri A. baumannii (p>0,05).
INTEGRATION OF THE OPERATION OF A HEAT AND POWER PLANT
Authors: Selikhov Yuriy , Gorbunov Kostyantyn
Published: December 2023

The main motive for the accelerated development of renewable energy in Europe, the United States and many other countries is the desire of states for energy independence and environmental security. The impetus for the use of new technologies in the use of energy from non-traditional sources was two factors: the energy crisis of the early 70s and the increasing requirements for environmental protection. The experience gained by different countries in the use of heat pumps and wind power generators demonstrates the high possibilities of easily converting these types of energy into thermal energy and electricity, which can be successfully used to supply: electricity, hot water, hot air, heating in the premises of public and private households, and as well as providing various kinds of technological and domestic needs not only in different industries, but also at the enterprises of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine. In this paper, the authors propose a developed and implemented improved automated heat and power plant for supplying: electricity, hot water, hot air and heating for private households. To solve the above problems, a scheme was developed for preheating the coolant through the use of: an electric water heater with a thermal power of 54 kW, a heat pump and a wind power generator with an electrical power of 50 kW, which produces electricity for the operation of all electrical equipment in private households and batteries of electricity and heat. The automation system allows you to control the installation without human intervention. The operation of this installation makes it possible to save organic fuel, which would be used to heat the coolant to the required temperature in a low-power boiler house.
APPLICATION OF FENTON'S HETEROGENEOUS SYSTEM FOR THE TREATMENT OF ORGANIC-CONTAINING WASTEWATER
Authors: Kurylets O. H. , Makido O. Yu. , Khovanets’ G. I. , Vasiychuk V. O.
Published: December 2023

With the growth of the Earth's population, the problem of the shortage of clean water is becoming global. And for the survival of humanity, it is necessary to significantly reduce the amount of harmful wastewater that pollutes the environment. Wastewater polluted with organic substances, usually produced by the production of dyes and the food industry, causes great damage to the environment.

The expediency of catalytic oxidation for the treatment of organic-containing effluents has been theoretically substantiated. As a catalyst, it is proposed to use new nanostructured composites of the «core-shell» type based on transition metal oxides (CoFe2O4/SiO2/CuO) for the Fenton system. The oxidizing agent in this system is H2O2, which is used in «green technologies».

It was investigated that the degree of destruction of the dye methylene blue (MB) depends on the composition of the catalyst, the ratio of the concentrations of the catalyst and dye, and the presence of a preliminary stage of dye adsorption.

The investigated catalyst was tested on simulated dairy wastewater (SDW). The research was carried out in a barbotage-type apparatus (Schott filter). For the system «dairy wastewater – CoFe2O4/SiO2/CuO – О2– Н2О2», the degree of dairy wastewater treatment is 63 %, and residual COD value is 39,52 mgO2/dm3. It was established that in the process of purification by the CoFe2O4/SiO2/CuO catalyst, active oxidizing compounds are formed, which significantly intensify the process.

Thus, there are reasons to assert that the prospect of developing a highly efficient catalytic oxidation technology in the Fenton system for the treatment of wastewater containing organic pollutants. And the results obtained and the conclusions drawn about the technological feasibility of using CoFe2O4/SiO2/CuO as a catalyst can find practical application for the implementation of technological schemes closed behind water and in other wastewater treatment technologies, in particular food production.
ANALYTICAL REVIEW OF MODERN NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES
Authors: Selikhov Yu. A. , Gorbunov K. A. , Samoilov A. V. , Stasov V. A.
Published: December 2023

The structure of the world energy economy has developed in such a way that 80 % of the electricity consumed is obtained by burning fuel at power plants, where the chemical energy of the fuel is first converted into heat, heat into work, and work into electricity. Hydropower also provides a significant percentage (about 15 %), the rest is covered by other sources, mainly nuclear power plants. Human needs are growing, there are more and more people, and this causes gigantic volumes of energy production and growth rates of its consumption. Today, traditional energy sources (various fuels, hydro resources) and technologies for their use are no longer able to provide the required level of energy availability of society, because these are non-renewable sources. And although the explored reserves of natural fuels are very large, the problem of depletion of natural reserves at the current and projected rates of their development is moving into a real and near future. Even today, a number of fields, due to depletion, turn out to be unsuitable for industrial development, and for oil and gas, for example, one has to go to hard-to-reach, remote territories, to ocean shelves, etc. The forecast proves that while maintaining the current volumes and growth rates of energy consumption at 5–7 %, fossil fuel reserves will completely run out in 70–150 years. Another factor limiting a significant increase in energy production through fuel combustion is the ever-increasing environmental pollution from energy production waste. These wastes are significant in mass and contain a large number of various harmful components. This is where acid rain comes from, the disappearance of ozone, the poisoning of farmland and water bodies. Moreover, nature is no longer able to process these pollution and self-repair by natural physico-chemical and microbiological methods.

In nuclear power, environmental problems of a different kind arise. They are associated with the need to exclude the ingress of nuclear fuel into the environment and the reliable disposal of nuclear waste, which, with the current level of development of technology and technology, is associated with great difficulties.

No less harmful is the thermal pollution of the environment, which can lead to global warming of the Earth's climate, melting of glaciers and rising sea levels.

In the light of the above, the widespread practical use of non-traditional and renewable energy sources, which are also environmentally friendly and do not pollute the environment, is becoming increasingly relevant.

The article briefly presents an analytical review of modern non-traditional and renewable energy sources.
INNOVATIVE DESIGN TECHNOLOGIES OF A MODERN MINIWINERY TAKING INTO AC-COUNT THE TERROIR FOR PINOT NOIR
Authors: Khodakov O. L.
Published: December 2023

The article presents a brief overview of scientific works that were aimed at studying the influence of terroir, harvest and technology on the quality and specificity of wine. Modern scientific methods for identifying wines from different regions are considered. Modern studies by Chinese oenologists have shown that a number of trace elements in wine (Cu, Zn and Mn) can be an indicator of the region of origin of the wine. Scientists from Australia, New Zealand, the USA, France and Portugal have also obtained interesting results in the identification of wines of different vintages and terroirs. Scientists have shown that the originality of table wines of specific regions and subregions can be determined on the basis of modern highly sensitive methods of analysis (spectroscopic methods for studying compounds using the phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance; combined methods with the joint use of NMR and the study of the target differential sensor matrix; fluorescent methods for determining the content of amino acids and amines, methods of cluster analysis, etc.). When determining the terroir for red wines, many researchers in different regions of our planet paid special attention to the Pinot Noir variety. This is due to the fact that for this particular variety, terroir plays a huge role in shaping the style of the future wine. At the Vinoman winery, together with the Odessa National Technological University, a comparative analysis of red table wines Pinot Noir from three terroirs of the southern part of the Odessa region was carried out. In addition, as part of the master's qualification work, an innovative project for the reconstruction of an existing enterprise was proposed, which involves the implementation of the gravitational principle of winemaking. The project takes into account the features of the area, climatic conditions and the range of products. Particular attention was paid to the implementation of all of the above aspects in the technology for the production of high-quality red table wines Pinot Noir. As a result of the work carried out, physical and chemical indicators were studied and a sensory analysis of the wines of the Bolgrad, Izmail and Reni terroirs was carried out. Based on the data obtained, preliminary conclusions were made about the prospects for the production of red table wines Pinot Noir at the Vinoman enterprise from certain terroirs in the south of the Odessa region.
INFLUENCE OF BIOTECHNOLOGICAL COMPLEX PREPARATIONS OF LIQUID ON NITROGEN METABOLISM IN PRODUCTIVE ORGANS OF THE WHEAT WINTER FORMATION
Authors: Chechui H.F. , Bliznjuk O.M. , Masalitina N.Yu. , Belinska A. P. , Varankina O. O. , Belykh I. A. , Dyakova N.M.
Published: December 2023

The influence of complex preparations on nitrogen metabolism in the early stages of winter wheat organogenesis was studied. The activivity of key enzymes of nitrogen metabolism, TBA-active products, NH3 concentration, and chlorophyll content under the experimental condition were determined. There is a tendency to increase the activity of AsAT, while the mixture of macronutrients on the enzymatic activity of another enzyme, on the contrary, on average, by 23 % under the influence of the macroelements complex on winter wheat crops. There was an increase in the activity of AsAT by 41 % on average, and AlAT by 36.3 % with Avatarm-2 in winter wheat leaves. A decrease in the activity of both key enzymes of nitrogen metabolism under the influence of Avatarm-2-m complex was found, on average, by 27.2 % and 32.5 %, respectively, which indicates the stabilization of the metabolic direction of products and substrates by trace elements in the metabolic state of winter wheat leaf cells. Under the influence of Avatarm-2-st, there is a decrease in AlAT activity, on average 26.6 %, while the effect of succinate on the activity of AlAT was more significant – on average 48.3 %, because the biotechnological preparation Avatarm-2-st contains succinate, while Avatarm-2-m contains malic acid. AlAT reactions produce pyruvate, a key substrate of glucogenesis, whose increase can help activate the synthesis of carbohydrates necessary for plant growth. The enzymes AsAT and AlAT play a key role in the metabolism of aspartate, alanine, and glutamate, and the first two enzymes are used to form amides such as asparagine and glumamine, so increasing their activity is a condition for the accumulation of these amides as a reserve of NH4+. The concentration of NH3 under the influence of Avatarm-2 increased by 42 %, while under Avatarm-2-m and Avatarm-2-st the concentration did not change, indicating the regulatory effect of malate and succinate on the activation and degree of use of this form of Nitrogen in alternative processes of amino acid conversion. The chlorophyll content under the influence of LCP-macro increases, on average, by 2.8 times, under the influence of Avatarm-2- by 2.8 times, while the effect of acids in the composition of Avatarm-2-m and Avatarm-2-st is manifested differently, but the direction of decrease in this indicator relative to Avatarm-2 decreases, however, compared to the control, it increases this criterion, on average, by 1.9 and 1.7 times, respectively. It has been concluded that the optimization of nitrogen metabolism in winter wheat leaves under the action of chelated metal nanoparticles with organic acids malate and succinate at the critical stage of its organogenesis – tubing in the process of formation of productive winter wheat.
Factors Hindering the Students in Completing Their Undergraduate Thesis: A Study at an English Education Study Program in Indonesia
Authors: Amalia Nabila Nur , Jaya Hariswan Putera
Published: December 2023

One of the obligations of undergraduate students at the end of their study is writing a thesis. During the process, students find several problems that can hinder them completing their thesis. This study was aimed at finding and analyzing the factors that hinder the completion of the thesis and how the students try to cope with the factors. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach by using questionnaire and interview as the research instruments. The population in this study was the undergraduate students of the English Education Study Program who were working on or had finished working on their thesis. The results showed that there were ten factors that hindered students' thesis completion. Of the ten factors, the writers categorized them into two parts, namely internal factors and external factors. The internal factors are; health, psychological barriers, academic ability, and approach (attitude and study habits). While external factors are in the form of; family, environment/friends, thesis administration system, thesis advisor guidance process, references, and other activities. If sorted from the factor most experienced by students to the factor least experienced, the results are psychological barriers (92.9%), reference (78.6%), academic ability (74.3%), learning approach (74.3%), thesis advisor guidance (71.4%), thesis administration system (64.3%), health problems (54.3%), family (48.6%), environment/friends (45.7%), and other activities; participating in internal/external campus organization, working, and some unnecessary activities (30%). In facing the factors, students make various kinds of efforts so that they can still complete their thesis project.
Health Examination Participation Rate and Disease Prevalence of Farmers: Using National Health Insurance Service Data
Authors: Go Tae-Hwa , Lim Jihye , Choi Dongphil , Kim Kyungran , Kim Kyeongsu , Lee Min Ji , Kang Dae Ryong
Published: December 2023

Objectives: This study aims to identify the major diseases among farmers through disease prevalence and proposes the necessity of essential disease management services tailored to the occupational characteristics prevalent among farmers.Methods: Using data from National Health Insurance Services (NHIS), individuals who were eligible for agricultural insurance premium reduction benefits were identified, and individuals meeting these criteria and those who did not were sampled in a 1:1 ratio. Subjects were defined as farmers and non-farmers by categorizing individuals who were classified as farmers for two consecutive years, 2018 and 2019, and those who were not. Age-standardized disease prevalence rates for 21 major disease categories were examined among farmers and non-farmers, and health examination participation rates were compared.Results: Farmers exhibited higher disease prevalence in categories such as ‘External causes of morbidity and mortality’, ‘Codes for special purposes’, and ‘Injury, poisoning, and certain other consequences of external causes’. Particularly in ‘External causes of morbidity and mortality’ and ‘Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes’ the differences between farmers and non-farmers were significantly pronounced. Additionally, the health examination participation rate among the farmers was notably lower compared to the general population.Conclusions: To enhance the health status of farmers, a multifaceted approach and policy support must be established to ensure that universal healthcare does not exclude them due to regional characteristics. The study anticipates that its findings will be foundational for expanding the pilot project targeting female farmers’ special health examinations, eventually encompassing all farmers.
Superspreading event of Covid-19 in adolescents and vaccination: correspondence
Authors: Mungmunpuntipantip Rujittika , Wiwanitkit Viroj
Published: December 2023

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Análisis de los argumentos recibidos en la consulta pública para el etiquetado frontal de advertencia mexicano
Authors: Tolentino-Mayo Lizbeth , Durán Regina , Espinosa Fiorella , Ferré Isabel , Munguía Ana , Barquera Simón
Published: December 2023

Objetivo. Analizar los diferentes elementos en los argumentos recibidos durante la consulta pública del Proyecto de Modificación a la Norma Oficial Mexicana-051 (NOM-051), con énfasis en la protección de niñas, niños y adolescentes (NNA). Material y métodos. Se analizó la información de 1 095 argumentos, se identificó a los actores clave y se realizó un análisis de contenido para conocer la postura, a favor o en contra de los numerales relacionados con la protección a NNA. El análisis se hizo en el programa NVivo. Resultados. Se identificaron 781 actores clave. Durante la consulta pública se identificaron cuatro tácticas del sector privado para interferir en el proceso de la NOM-051: a) grupos fachada que enviaron comentarios en contra de la NOM-051; b) cuestionar la evidencia científica sobre la relación del consumo de edulcorantes y el desarrollo de obesidad en escolares; c) cuestionar la efectividad del uso del etiquetado de advertencia para edulcorantes; d) responsabilizar a los individuos de su enfermedad. Conclusión. La interferencia del sector privado en el proceso de implementación de la NOM-051 fue evidente en los argumentos enviados durante la consulta pública.
Foxo3 Regulates the Homeostasis and Function of Thymic Epithelial Cells.
Authors: Alves Nuno , Ribeiro Camila , Ferreirinha Pedro , Landry Jonathan , Macedo Fátima , Sousa Laura , Pinto Rute , Benes Vladimir
Published: December 2023

Within the thymus, thymic epithelial cells (TECs) create dedicated microenvironments for T-cell development and selection. Considering that TECs are sensitive to distinct pathophysiological conditions, uncovering the molecular elements that coordinate their thymopoietic role has important fundamental and clinical implications. Particularly, medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) play a crucial role in central tolerance. Our previous studies, along with others, suggest that mTECs depend on molecular factors linked to genome-protecting pathways, but the precise mechanisms underlying their function remain unknown. These observations led us to examine the role of Foxo3, as it is expressed in TECs and involved in DNA damage response. Our findings show that mice with TEC-specific deletion of Foxo3 (Foxo3cKO) displayed a disrupted mTEC compartment, with a more profound impact on the numbers of CCL21+ and thymic tuft mTEClo subsets. Notably, the combined deficiency in Foxo3 and Aire revealed a central role of Foxo3 in regulating Aire-dependent and Aire-independent mTEC lineages. At the molecular level, Foxo3 controls distinct functional modules in the transcriptome of cTEC and mTEC under normal conditions, which includes the regulation of ribosomal biogenesis and DNA damage response, respectively. These changes in the TEC compartment resulted in a reduced total thymocyte cellularity and specific changes in regulatory T cell and iNKT cell development in the Foxo3cKO thymus. Lastly, the thymic defects observed in adulthood extended to the periphery, as aged Foxo3cKO mice presented moderate signs of altered peripheral immunotolerance, which were aggravated in the Aire-deficient autoimmune background. Our findings highlight the importance of Foxo3 in preserving the homeostasis of TECs and in supporting their role in T-cell development and tolerance.
WITHDRAWN: Low Noise Amplifier and Local Oscillator Design and Manufacturing of Radio Telescope Receivers Using Planar Technology for Radio Astronomy Applications
Authors: Mchaalia Raja , Mejri Fethi , Aguili Taoufik
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to develop and produce electronic components like as amplifiers, mixers, antennas, and so on for a radio telescope receiver that will detect hydrogen lines in our galaxy. Furthermore, the design of an RF receiver system requires careful consideration of the projected performance of discrete devices such as the LNA (low noise amplifier) and LO (local oscillator), which are essential for the overall sensitivity of the receiver system.This task includes the design and fabrication of the LNA and LO. For the design of the LNA, we chose a MAR6-SM+ bipolar transistor, which has a low noise figure and a high gain. The LNA and LO measurement findings correspond well with the frequency of the Hydrogen-Lines. We also displayed the spectrum of the hydrogen lines.
Intramolecular Chalcogen Bonding Activated SuFEx Click Chemistry for Efficient Organic-Inorganic Linking
Authors: An Jie , Wang Minlong , Hou Jiaman , Wang Chao , Zhang Xiaohe , Du Ying , Dong Qixin , Wang Lijun , Ni Ke , Ren Fazheng
Published: December 2023

SuFEx click chemistry demonstrates remarkable molecular assembly capabilities. However, the effective utilization of alkyl sulfonyl fluoride hubs in SuFEx chemistry, particularly in reactions with alcohols and primary amines, presents considerable challenges. In this study, we pioneered an intramolecular chalcogen bonding activated SuFEx (S-SuFEx) click chemistry employing alkyl sulfonyl fluorides with γ-S as the activating group. The chalcogen bonding activated alkyl sulfonyl fluorides can react smoothly with phenols, alcohols, and amines, exhibiting superior reactivity compared to SO2F2. Excellent yields were achieved with all 74 tested substrates. Alkyl sulfonyl fluorides featuring γ-S can be effectively synthesized via the thiol-ene reaction between thiols and ethenesulfonyl fluoride (ESF), which equips S-SuFEx chemistry with the potent capability to link thiols and O, N-nucleophiles using ESF as the linker. Pioneering the application of S-SuFEx chemistry, we highlight its immense potential in organic-inorganic linking, considering the critical role of interfacial covalent bonding in material fabrication. The S-SuFEx hub 1c, incorporating a trialkoxy silane group was specifically designed and synthesized for organic-inorganic linking. We have demonstrated that, in a simple step, 1c efficiently anchors various organic compounds onto surfaces of inorganic materials, leading to the formation of functionalized surfaces with properties such as antibacterial activity, hydrophobicity, and fluorescence.
General-purpose machine-learned potential for 16 elemental metals and their alloys
Authors: Fan Zheyong , Song Keke , Zhao Rui , Liu Jiahui , Wang Yanzhou , Lindgren Eric , Wang Yong , Chen Shunda , Xu Ke , Liang Ting , Ying Penghua , Xu Nan , Zhao Zhiqiang , Shi Jiuyang , Wang Junjie , Lyu Shuang , Zeng Zezhu , Liang Shirong , Dong Haikuan , Sun Ligang , Chen Yue , Zhang Zhuhua , Guo Wanlin , Qian Ping , Sun Jian , Erhart Paul , Ala-Nissilä Tapio , Su Yanjing
Published: December 2023

Machine-learned potentials (MLPs) trained against quantum-mechanical reference data have demonstrated remarkable accuracy, surpassing empirical potentials.
However, the absence of readily available general-purpose MLPs encompassing a broad spectrum of elements and their alloys hampers the applications of MLPs in materials science.
In this study, we present a feasible approach for constructing a unified general-purpose MLP for numerous elements and showcase its capability by developing a model (UNEP-v1) for 16 elemental metals (Ag, Al, Au, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mo, Ni, Pb, Pd, Pt, Ta, Ti, V, W, Zr) and their diverse alloys.
To achieve a complete representation of the chemical space, we demonstrate that employing 16 one-component and 120 two-component systems suffices, thereby avoiding the enumeration of all 65535 possible combinations for training data generation.
Furthermore, we illustrate that systems with more components can be adequately represented as interpolation points in the descriptor space.
Our unified MLP exhibits superior performance across various physical properties as compared to the embedded-atom method potential, while maintaining computational efficiency.
It achieves a remarkable computational speed of 1.5 × 108 atom step / second in molecular dynamics simulations using eight 80-gigabyte A100 graphics cards, enabling simulations up to 100 million atoms.
We demonstrate the generality and high efficiency of the MLP in studying plasticity and primary radiation damage in the MoTaVW refractory high-entropy alloys, showcasing its potential in unraveling complex materials behavior.
This work represents a significant leap towards the construction of a unified general-purpose MLP encompassing the periodic table, with profound implications for materials research and computational science.
Enhancing Anti-Tumor Activity of CAR T Cells
Through FOXO1-Mediated Stemness and Mitochondrial Fitness
Authors: Ando Makoto , Kondo Taisuke , Nakagawara Kensuke , Mise-Omata Setsuko , Yoshimura Akihiko
Published: December 2023

Loss of stemness and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by chronic antigen stimulation represents formidable obstacles in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy for solid tumors. However, the regulation of stemness and mitochondrial fitness in CAR T cells remains unclear. Here we found that short-term resting conditions with IL-7, CXCL12, and the pan-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, Dasatinib, could reprogram CAR T cells, which exhibit tonic signal-dependent exhaustion hallmarks, into stem-like CAR T cells through epigenetic remodeling and enhance mitochondrial metabolism, thereby resulting in augmented antitumor activity against solid tumors. We identified forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) as a critical regulator of the epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming as well as antitumor activity. Moreover, it was found that FOXO1WT overexpression led to enhanced mitochondrial metabolism, efficient CAR T cell expansion, and potent antitumor effects through epigenetic modifications. We demonstrated the central role of FOXO1 in both stemness and mitochondrial metabolism in CAR T cells. These findings suggest that regulating FOXO1 is a promising strategy for engineering CAR T cells to treat solid tumors.
Pressure-Driven Paradigm Shift: Unveiling Activation Volume Effects in Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Compounds
Authors: Sieradzki Adam , Nowok Andrzej , Sobczak Szymon , Roszak Kinga , Szeremeta Anna , Maczka Miroslaw , Katrusiak Andrzej , Pawlus Sebastian
Published: December 2023

Hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) constitute fast-developing class of materials with wide application possibilities. In this study, we investigate two model derivatives of formate HOIPs, acetamidinium manganese(II) formate (AceMn) and formamidinium manganese(II) formate (FMDMn), employing an interdisciplinary approach that combines X-ray diffraction and dielectric spectroscopy under various temperature-pressure conditions. AceMn exhibits atypical pressure-induced structural transformations, including a remarkable phase over-compression exceeding 2 GPa and a phase transition from the ambient-pressure P21/n-symmetric phase II to the higher-symmetry Pbca-symmetric phase III. We have revealed a unique pressure-induced ordering of cage cations in FMDMn, which proceeds without altering the phase symmetry or increasing energy barriers, and its direct relationship with relaxation peak amplitude. Additionally, we have redefined the activation volume parameter and emphasized its role in regulating relaxation dynamics under pressure. Our results indicate that the observed pressure-induced phase transitions within the investigated temperature range result of the combined effect of strain and dynamic of the A-site cation. Our results offer valuable insights for future HOIP research and the design of electronic and optoelectronic devices.
The Prognostic and Predictive Significance of Perineural Invasion in Stage I to III Colon Cancer: A Propensity Score Matching-Based Analysis
Authors: Chu Chun-Hui , Lai I-Li , Jong Bor‐Kang , Chiang Sum-Fu , Tsai Wen‐Sy , Hsieh Pao‐Shiu , Yeh Chien-Yuh , You Jeng‐Fu
Published: December 2023

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) presents with varying prognoses, and identifying factors for predicting metastasis and outcomes is crucial. Perineural invasion (PNI) is a debated prognostic factor for CRC, particularly in stage I-III patients, but its role in guiding adjuvant chemotherapy for node-positive colon cancer remains uncertain.
Methods
We conducted a single-center study using data from the Colorectal Section Tumor Registry Database at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan. This prospective study involved 3,327 CRC patients, 1,536 of whom were eligible after application of the exclusion criteria, to investigate the prognostic value of PNI in stage I-III patients and its predictive value for node-positive/negative cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to minimize selection bias, and follow-up was performed with standardized procedures.
Results
PNI-positive (PNI+) tumors were associated with higher preoperative CEA levels and more frequent adjuvant chemotherapy. After PSM, PNI + tumors were associated with significantly lower 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates in stages III CRC. However, no significant differences were observed in stages I and II. Subgroup analysis showed that among PNI + tumors, only poorly differentiated tumors had higher odds of recurrence. PNI did not predict outcomes in node-negative colon cancer. Adjuvant chemotherapy benefited PNI + patients with node-positive but not those with node-negative disease.
Conclusions
Our study indicates that PNI is an independent poor prognostic factor in stage III colon cancer but does not predict outcomes in node-negative disease. Given the potential adverse effects of adjuvant chemotherapy, our findings discourage its use in node-negative colon cancer when PNI is present.