bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using the GeoWEPP Model to Predict Water Erosion in Micro-Watersheds in the Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: Magalhães Wellington de Azambuja , Amorim Ricardo Santos Silva , Hunter Maria O’Healy , Bocuti Edwaldo Dias , Di Loreto Di Raimo Luis Augusto , da Silva Wininton Mendes , Hoshide Aaron Kinyu , de Abreu Daniel Carneiro
Published: March 2023

The GeoWEPP model has estimated water and soil losses caused by erosion at the watershed level in different parts of the world. However, this model was developed and its parameters have been adjusted for temperate climates, which are different from tropical climates such as those found in Brazil. Our study evaluated the performance of the GeoWEPP model in estimating soil erosion in three micro-watersheds in the Cerrado (i.e., savannah) of southeastern Mato Grosso state, Brazil. Major land uses modeled were soybean and corn cultivation, traditional pasture, and native vegetation. Input parameters for the GeoWEPP model involved climate, soil, land use and management, and topography. GeoWEPP was calibrated with input parameters for soil erodibility specified as interrill and rill soil erosion, soil critical shear stress, and saturated hydraulic conductivity obtained experimentally and estimated by internal routine equations of the GeoWEPP model. Soil losses observed in micro-watersheds with agriculture, pasture, and native vegetation were 0.11, 0.06, and 0.10 metric tons per hectare per year, respectively. GeoWEPP best modeled soil erosion for native vegetation and pasture, while over-estimating that for crops. Surface runoff was best modeled for crops versus native vegetation and pasture. The GeoWEPP model performed better when using soil erodibility input parameters.
Training Sources and Preferences for Agricultural Producers and Professionals in Middle-North Mato Grosso, Brazil
Authors: Reis Jordane Aparecida Vieira dos , Hoshide Aaron Kinyu , Vreyens John Robert , Oliveira André Soares de , Barros Vanessa Aparecida Moreira de , Silva Wininton Mendes da , Molossi Luana , Viana Jessica Lima , Abreu Daniel Carneiro de , Oliveira Ronaldo Alves de
Published: March 2023

Brazil’s midwest has rapidly expanded large-scale commodity crops such as soybeans and maize. We surveyed both agricultural producers and agricultural professionals in the middle-north region of Mato Grosso state, Brazil. Agricultural professionals provide technical support to agricultural producers and both are served by Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural (ATER) with nationally and internationally recognized extension outreach. Our objectives were to define and contrast agricultural producer and professional characteristics, especially source(s) relied upon for agricultural training. There were 94 agricultural producers and 89 agricultural professionals that responded to our surveys, which were summarized and contrasted using statistical software. There was a predominance of male farmers, married with a broad age range. Agricultural professionals who advise producers had a high educational level. Producers and professionals were most reliant on private sector agricultural companies and business support organizations for agricultural training, versus public institutions such as universities and state/federal agencies. In the state of Mato Grosso, extension outreach can involve joint efforts by public and private sector entities. However, more targeted efforts are needed to ensure that public sector research is more equally used by agricultural producers and professionals in the region, especially during field days and face-to-face technical lectures during the off-season.
Energy Analysis of Flattened Heat Pipe with Nanofluids for Sustainable Electronic Cooling Applications
Authors: Rangasamy Sankar , Raghavan Raghavendra Rajan Vijaya , Elavarasan Rajvikram Madurai , Kasinathan Padmanathan
Published: March 2023

With the growing consumer demand in the electronics field, sustainable and effective cooling approaches are imperative to maximize operational efficiency. Heat pipes shave a major consideration in the field of heat transfer in a modern era of miniaturization of equipment. In current trends, the proportion of custom-designed electronic chips is increasing, given the space constraints of the application. Additionally, the use of nanofluids in heat pipes has drawn considerable attention because of their exceptional performance in heat transfer. This research is proposed primarily to investigate the effect of nanofluids on the performance of the partially flattened heat pipe. Here, the evaporator portion forms flat shape which is mostly suitable for fixing easily in electronic circuits. The remaining portions, such as the adiabatic and condenser, are left as circular. This work also covers the development of flattened heat pipes and analyzes their performance. Pure water, Titanium Oxide (TiO2), and Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3)-water-based nanofluids have been used in this research as working fluids. The heat transfer analysis on the customized partially flattened heat pipe was performed, and the results have been compared with fully flattened and circular heat pipes. The heat transfer parameters, such as the heat transfer coefficient and thermal resistance, have been determined from the heat input, evaporator temperature, and condenser temperature for various inclination angles including 0°, 45°, and 90° with the heat input varied between 50–300 W. The results have shown that the flattened heat pipe performed better with Al2O3 nanofluid at an inclination angle of 45° at all of the heat inputs and provided better thermal resistance compared with the other combinations. At 45°, the resistance of the heat pipe was reduced by 2% and 8% with Al2O3 nanofluid compared with water and TiO2 nanofluid. Furthermore, the heat transfer coefficient was found higher by 4 W/m2-K and 4.6 W/m2-K with Al2O3 and gives better results in terms of resistance and heat transfer coefficient.
Face Completion Based on Symmetry Awareness with Conditional GAN
Authors: Xu Junwu , Li Fang , Shao Changcheng , Li Xiaolong
Published: March 2023

Face completion is an important topic in the field of computer vision and image processing. Its core task is to restore image information, so that the generated completion results are as consistent as possible with the ground-truth results. In existing methods, there is no strong constraint on the consistency between the completion result and the true value, and the symmetry characteristics of the face are ignored, which makes it impossible to generate a natural and consistent completion result for any position and symmetrical position of the face. In response to these problems, we propose a novel method called face completion generative adversarial network (FC GAN). Our generator uses a u-net-like structure, and the discriminator uses a combination of global discriminator and local discriminator. We use a new perceptual loss based on VGG-19 to constrain the consistency of the completion result and the true value. We use symmetry awareness in our method and it takes full advantage of face symmetry features to optimize face completion. For irregular mask image completion, our method produces visually realistic and semantically correct results. We evaluate our model on the CelebA dataset and use FID and SSIM as the indicators. Compared with existing methods, the face completion method in this paper has a certain improvement in visual effects and evaluation indicators.
Inequalities for q-h-Integrals via ℏ-Convex and m-Convex Functions
Authors: Chen Dong , Anwar Matloob , Farid Ghulam , Bibi Waseela
Published: March 2023

This paper investigates several integral inequalities held simultaneously for q and h-integrals in implicit form. These inequalities are established for symmetric functions using certain types of convex functions. Under certain conditions, Hadamard-type inequalities are deducible for q-integrals. All the results are applicable for ℏ-convex, m-convex and convex functions defined on the non-negative part of the real line.
An Analytical Approach to Solve the Fractional Benney Equation Using the q-Homotopy Analysis Transform Method
Authors: Shah Rasool , Alkhezi Yousuf , Alhamad Khaled
Published: March 2023

This paper introduces an analytical approach for solving the Benney equation using the q-homotopy analysis transform method. The Benney equation is a nonlinear partial differential equation that has applications in diverse areas of physics and engineering. The q-homotopy analysis transform method is a numerical technique that has been successfully employed to solve a broad range of nonlinear problems. By utilizing this method, we derive approximate analytical solutions for the Benney equation. The results demonstrate that this method is a powerful and effective tool for obtaining accurate solutions for the equation. The proposed method offers a valuable contribution to the existing literature on the behavior of the Benney equation and provides researchers with a useful tool for solving this equation in various applications.
Improved Repeatability of Mouse Tibia Volume Segmentation in Murine Myelofibrosis Model Using Deep Learning
Authors: Kushwaha Aman , Mourad Rami F. , Heist Kevin , Tariq Humera , Chan Heang-Ping , Ross Brian D. , Chenevert Thomas L. , Malyarenko Dariya , Hadjiiski Lubomir M.
Published: March 2023

A murine model of myelofibrosis in tibia was used in a co-clinical trial to evaluate segmentation methods for application of image-based biomarkers to assess disease status. The dataset (32 mice with 157 3D MRI scans including 49 test–retest pairs scanned on consecutive days) was split into approximately 70% training, 10% validation, and 20% test subsets. Two expert annotators (EA1 and EA2) performed manual segmentations of the mouse tibia (EA1: all data; EA2: test and validation). Attention U-net (A-U-net) model performance was assessed for accuracy with respect to EA1 reference using the average Jaccard index (AJI), volume intersection ratio (AVI), volume error (AVE), and Hausdorff distance (AHD) for four training scenarios: full training, two half-splits, and a single-mouse subsets. The repeatability of computer versus expert segmentations for tibia volume of test–retest pairs was assessed by within-subject coefficient of variance (%wCV). A-U-net models trained on full and half-split training sets achieved similar average accuracy (with respect to EA1 annotations) for test set: AJI = 83–84%, AVI = 89–90%, AVE = 2–3%, and AHD = 0.5 mm–0.7 mm, exceeding EA2 accuracy: AJ = 81%, AVI = 83%, AVE = 14%, and AHD = 0.3 mm. The A-U-net model repeatability wCV [95% CI]: 3 [2, 5]% was notably better than that of expert annotators EA1: 5 [4, 9]% and EA2: 8 [6, 13]%. The developed deep learning model effectively automates murine bone marrow segmentation with accuracy comparable to human annotators and substantially improved repeatability.
Realization of Bounce in a Modified Gravity Framework and Information Theoretic Approach to the Bouncing Point
Authors: Saha Sanghati , Chattopadhyay Surajit
Published: March 2023

In this work, we report a study on bouncing cosmology with modified generalized Chaplygin Gas (mgCG) in a bulk viscosity framework. Reconstruction schemes were demonstrated in Einstein and modified f(T) gravity framework under the purview of viscous cosmological settings. We also took non-viscous cases into account. We studied the equation of state (EoS) parameter under various circumstances and judged the stability of the models through the sign of the squared speed of sound. We observed the mgCG behaving like avoidance of Big Rip in the presence of bulk viscosity at the turnaround point and in non-viscous cases, a phantom-like behavior appears. The turnaround point equation of state parameter crosses the phantom boundary, violating NEC. The role of the mgCG’s model parameters was also investigated before and after the bounce. A Hubble flow dynamics was carried out and, it was revealed that mgCG is capable of realizing an inflationary phase as well as an exit from inflation. An f(T) gravitational paradigm was also considered, where the mgCG density was reconstructed in the presence of bulk viscosity. The role of the parameters associated with the bouncing scale factor, describing how fast the bounce takes place, was also studied in this framework. Finally, the reconstructed mgCG turned out to be stable against small perturbations irrespective of the presence of bulk viscosity and modified gravity scenario. Finally, the reconstruction scheme was assessed using statistical analysis, Shannon entropy.
Quiescent and Active Galactic Nuclei as Factories of Merging Compact Objects in the Era of Gravitational Wave Astronomy
Authors: Arca Sedda Manuel , Naoz Smadar , Kocsis Bence
Published: March 2023

Galactic nuclei harbouring a central supermassive black hole (SMBH), possibly surrounded by a dense nuclear cluster (NC), represent extreme environments that house a complex interplay of many physical processes that uniquely affect stellar formation, evolution, and dynamics. The discovery of gravitational waves (GWs) emitted by merging black holes (BHs) and neutron stars (NSs), funnelled a huge amount of work focused on understanding how compact object binaries (COBs) can pair up and merge together. Here, we review from a theoretical standpoint how different mechanisms concur with the formation, evolution, and merger of COBs around quiescent SMBHs and active galactic nuclei (AGNs), summarising the main predictions for current and future (GW) detections and outlining the possible features that can clearly mark a galactic nuclei origin.
Packaging and Uncoating of CRISPR/Cas Ribonucleoproteins for Efficient Gene Editing with Viral and Non-Viral Extracellular Nanoparticles
Authors: Mazurov Dmitriy , Ramadan Lama , Kruglova Natalia
Published: March 2023

Rapid progress in gene editing based on clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein (CRISPR/Cas) has revolutionized functional genomic studies and genetic disease correction. While numerous gene editing applications have been easily adapted by experimental science, the clinical utility of CRISPR/Cas remains very limited due to difficulty in delivery to primary cells and possible off-target effects. The use of CRISPR in the form of a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex substantially reduces the time of DNA exposure to the effector nuclease and minimizes its off-target activity. The traditional electroporation and lipofection methods lack the cell-type specificity of RNP delivery, can be toxic for cells, and are less efficient when compared to nanoparticle transporters. This review focuses on CRISPR/Cas RNP packaging and delivery using retro/lentiviral particles and exosomes. First, we briefly describe the natural stages of viral and exosomal particle formation, release and entry into the target cells. This helps us understand the mechanisms of CRISPR/Cas RNP packaging and uncoating utilized by the current delivery systems, which we discuss afterward. Much attention is given to the exosomes released during viral particle production that can be passively loaded with RNPs as well as the mechanisms necessary for particle fusion, RNP release, and transportation inside the target cells. Collectively, together with specific packaging mechanisms, all these factors can substantially influence the editing efficiency of the system. Finally, we discuss ways to improve CRISPR/Cas RNP delivery using extracellular nanoparticles.
Evaluating the Intestinal Immunity of Asian Seabass (Lates calcarifer, Bloch 1790) following Field Vaccination Using a Feed-Based Oral Vaccine
Authors: Raju Thanusha , Manchanayake Tilusha , Danial Amir , Zamri-Saad Mohd , Azmai Mohammad Noor Amal , Md Yasin Ina Salwany , Mohd Nor Norhariani , Salleh Annas
Published: March 2023

This study describes the levels of gut lysozyme and IgM, the number, size and density of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) regions, and the lymphocyte population in Asian seabass following field oral administration of a feed-based vaccine. Fish in a grow-out farm were selected and divided into two groups; Group 1 was vaccinated at week 0, 2, and 6, while Group 2 was not vaccinated. Samplings were done at 2-week intervals when the fish were observed for clinical signs, and gross lesions were recorded. The intestinal tissue and gut lavage fluid were collected. GALT regions (numbers, size, density and population of lymphocytes) were analyzed. Clinical signs such as abnormal swimming pattern and death, and gross lesions including scale loss, ocular opacity, and skin ulceration were observed in both groups. At the end of the study, the incidence rate between both groups were significantly different (p < 0.05). The gut IgM level and lysozyme activity, lymphocyte population, number, size and density of GALT regions of Group 1 were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than Group 2. Therefore, this study concludes that the feed-based vaccine reduces the incidence of vibriosis by stimulating the gut immunity of the vaccinated fish with an enhanced GALT region, specific IgM production against Vibrio harveyi, and lysozyme responses.
2,5-Hexanedione Affects Ovarian Granulosa Cells in Swine by Regulating the CDKN1A Gene: A Transcriptome Analysis
Authors: Chen Yige , Kong Chengcheng , Yang Min , Liu Yangguang , Han Zheng , Xu Liming , Zheng Xianrui , Ding Yueyun , Yin Zongjun , Zhang Xiaodong
Published: March 2023

N-hexane, a common industrial organic solvent, causes multiple organ damage owing to its metabolite, 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD). To identify and evaluate the effects of 2,5-HD on sows’ reproductive performance, we used porcine ovarian granulosa cells (pGCs) as a vehicle and carried out cell morphology and transcriptome analyses. 2,5-HD has the potential to inhibit the proliferation of pGCs and induce morphological changes and apoptosis depending on the dose. RNA-seq analyses identified 4817 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with 2394 down-regulated and 2423 up-regulated following 2,5-HD exposure treatment. The DEG, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A), according to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis, was significantly enriched in the p53 signaling pathway. Thus, we evaluated its function in pGC apoptosis in vitro. Then, we knocked down the CDKN1A gene in the pGCs to identify its effects on pGCs. Its knockdown decreased pGC apoptosis, with significantly fewer cells in the G1 phase (p < 0.05) and very significantly more cells in the S phase (p < 0.01). Herein, we revealed novel candidate genes that influence pGCs apoptosis and cell cycle and provided new insights into the role of CDKN1A in pGCs during apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
The Performance of Carbonate-Modified Nonionic Surfactants in Microplastic Flotation
Authors: Brüggemann Daniel , Shojamejer Tahereh , Tupinamba Lima Michelle , Zukova Dzenna , Marschall Rahel , Schomäcker Reinhard
Published: March 2023

For a group of nonionic surfactants with polar head groups synthesized by the copolymerization of ethylene oxide and carbon dioxide, the potential for their application in the foam flotation of microplastic particles was investigated. Their performance was compared to conventional that of nonionic surfactants and correlated with their adsorption behavior at the water–air surface through the maximum-bubble-pressure technique. The carbonate content of the surfactant head groups increased the biodegradability of the surfactants and affected their foaming properties and their performance in the flotation process. Since the inserted carbonate units increased the hydrophilicity of the whole surfactant but decreased the polarity of their headgroups, the number of carbonate units can be considered as an independent tuning parameter for adjusting these surfactants to a particular application. With this feature, the countercurrent trends of the two most important performance indicators, namely the removal rate and enrichment factor, can be resolved.
Refined Calculation of Multi-Objective Ecological Flow in Rivers, North China
Authors: Jiao Yufei , Liu Jia , Li Chuanzhe , Xu Zhenghe , Cui Yingjie
Published: March 2023

The concepts and calculation of basic, suitable, and fine ecological flow are put forward, and an integrated multi-method to calculate the ecological flow in rivers under multi-objectives is explored. Based on this, a refined calculation theory and method of a multi-objective ecological flow division based on time and space is proposed. That is, three commonly used methods, namely, the hydrology method, the hydraulics method, and the habitat method, are selected to finely calculate the ecological flow demand at different periods, in different sections, and under different ecological objectives. This approach breaks through the traditional ecological water demand calculation method based on hydrology and develops a river ecological flow calculation method based on water environmental protection objectives. A refined calculation method of ecological flow division based on time and space is developed to ensure that the ecological-hydrological process in rivers and lakes meets the ecological flow demand in different periods, different reaches, and different ecological objectives. Taking eight rivers entering Baiyangdian Lake as an example, the ecological flow demand in different river sections under different ecological objectives at different times is calculated to ensure the ecological flow process. The results show that the range of basic ecological flow demand range is 0.07–3.87 m3/s, the range of suitable ecological flow demand is 0.51~10.74 m3/s, and the range of fine ecological flow demand is 0.71~20.29 m3/s. In terms of spatial distribution, Ping River has the lowest demand for ecological flow, and the Zhulong River has the largest. In terms of the interannual ecological demand, those of the Baigou River, Fu River, Xiaoyi River, and Zhulong River are larger. In the demand process across the year, the demand is the largest from July to September, while the demand is the smallest from March to May. Similarly, most rivers face such problems as a sharp decline in runoff, drying up of the river, and an urgent need to restore ecology in northern China. This study also has insights and reference significance for other regions.
Simulation of Hydrologic Change of Linggo Co during 1979–2012 Using Hydrologic and Isotopic Mass Balance Model
Authors: Zhang Xueying , He Yue , Tian Lijun , Duan Hanxi , Cao Yifan
Published: March 2023

The Tibetan Plateau (TP) and surrounding areas contain the largest number of glaciers outside the polar regions. The region affects downstream water supply and food security, thereby directly influencing one-third of the world’s population. The lakes in the central TP expanded rapidly in recent decades, which has attracted growing attention. Glacier meltwater was considered as a major component in the water balance of TP lakes, although few studies quantified its contribution. Stable isotope analysis is a powerful tool to trace hydrologic circulation, while its interpretation in paleoclimate records has been controversial. To bridge the gap between hydrologic and paleoclimatic studies, we performed a hydrologic and isotopic mass balance model to simulate the lake level change of Linggo Co in the central TP. The model was forced by the meteorological data, calibrated through observed lake level changes, and validated by oxygen isotope compositions (δ18O) of lake water. Our results indicated that glacier meltwater contributed 73.94% of the inflow water to Linggo Co before 1993 but decreased thereafter. Increasing glacier meltwater together with positive water balance (precipitation/evaporation) in the catchment contributed to the rapid expansion of Linggo Co after the mid-1990s. Lake water δ18O in Linggo Co was more sensitive to changes in the precipitation amount and precipitation δ18O than temperature. Our findings could shed light on the usage of δ18O proxy in future paleoclimate research on the TP.
How the Hydrometeorological Parameters of the Curonian Lagoon Changed during Two Periods of Standard Climate Normal (1961–1990 and 1991–2020)
Authors: Jakimavičius Darius , Šarauskienė Diana , Kriaučiūnienė Jūratė
Published: March 2023

Coastal lagoons are recognized as specific and complex water bodies vulnerable to climate change. The focus of this study was the Curonian Lagoon, the largest freshwater lagoon in the Baltic Sea and the whole of Europe. The changes in the hydrometeorological parameters of the lagoon over six decades were evaluated using two periods of climatological standard normal: the most recent 30-year period, i.e., 1991–2020, and the period of 1961–1990. Before statistical analysis, data were checked for homogeneity, and breakpoints were determined by Pettitt and Buishand tests. The Mann–Kendall test was used to determine trends in the data series. The analysis revealed substantial changes in the hydrometeorological parameters of the lagoon during two climate normal periods. An exceptionally high rise in air temperature was detected. A considerable increase was identified in the lagoon water temperature and water level data series. The duration of permanent ice cover on the lagoon declined, as did the ice thickness, whereas the ice breakup advanced. A downward trend in wind speed data was detected, while the change in precipitation had a positive direction. Air and water temperatures were highly correlated with the Arctic Oscillation (AO) index and the water level with the Scandinavia pattern (SCAND).
Charging after Lockdown: The Aftermath of COVID-19 Policies on Electric Vehicle Charging Behaviour in The Netherlands
Authors: van der Koogh Mylène , Wolbertus Rick , Heller Renee
Published: March 2023

During the COVID-19—related lockdowns (2020–2022), mobility patterns and charging needs were substantially affected. Policies such as work from home, lockdowns, and curfews reduced traffic and commuting significantly. This global pandemic may have also substantially changed mobility patterns on the long term and therefore the need for electric vehicle charging infrastructure. This paper analyzes changes in electric charging in the Netherlands for different user groups during different phases of the COVID-19 lockdown to assess the effects on EV charging needs. Charging needs dropped significantly during this period, which also changed the distribution of the load on the electricity grid throughout the day. Curfews affected the start times of charging sessions during peak hours of grid consumption. Infrastructure dedicated to commuters was used less intensively, and the charging needs of professional taxi drivers were drastically reduced during lockdown periods. These trends were partially observed during a post–lockdown measuring period of roughly 8 months, indicating a longer shift in mobility and charging patterns.
Rapid Nanoplasmonic-Enhanced Detection of SARS-CoV-2 and Variants on DNA Aptamer Metasurfaces
Authors: Torun Hulya , Bilgin Buse , Ilgu Muslum , Batur Numan , Ozturk Meric , Barlas Tayfun , Guney-Esken Gulen , Yanik Cenk , Celik Suleyman , Dogan Ozlem , Ergonul Onder , Can Fusun , Solaroglu Ihsan , Onbasli Mehmet C.
Published: March 2023

Since the discovery of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in December 2019, it has been mainly diagnosed with quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of nasal swabs in clinics. A very sensitive and rapid detection technique using easily collected fluids such as saliva is needed for safer and more practical, precise mass testing. Here, we introduce a computationally screened gold-nanopatterned metasurface platform out of a pattern space of 2
100
combinations for strongly enhanced light–virus interaction using a genetic algorithm and apply them to investigate the presence and concentration of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In our approach, the gold metasurface with the nanopattern that provides the highest plasmonic enhancement is modified with the primary DNA aptamer for COVID-19 sensing from unprocessed saliva. A fluorescently tagged secondary aptamer was used to bind the virus that was then captured on the surface with the primary aptamer. By incorporating machine learning to identify the virus from Raman spectra, we achieved 95.2% sensitivity and specificity on 36 SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive and 33 SARS-CoV-2 PCR-negative samples collected in the clinics. In addition, we demonstrated that our nanoplasmonic aptasensor could distinguish wild-type, Alpha, and Beta variants through the machine learning analysis of their spectra. Our results may help pave the way for effective, safe, and quantitative preventive screening and identification of variants.
"Bunuh Diri" Yesus
Authors: Kayangan Kayangan , Allo Meisyel Liku
Published: March 2023

Tulisan ini berfokus kepada karya penebusan Kristus melalui “bunuh diri” yang Ia lakukan. Kurangnya penghayatan terhadap karya Yesus menjadi permasalahan bagi umat Kristiani. Karya Yesus di kayu salib merupakan sentral dari semua kepercayaan kekristenan yang dirayakan sebagai Paskah. Paskah dihayati sebagai atau telah ditebusnya manusia dari penghukuman dosa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan study pustaka. Hasil yang dikumpulkan adalah bahwa Yesus pada dasarnya “bunuh diri” tetapi bukan untuk diriNya melainkan untuk manusia. Dengan penuh kesadaran akan konsekuensi dari kematian yang akan terjadi, Ia mengorbankan diriNya bagi manusia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menunjukkan kepada pembaca bahwa penghayatan terhadap peristiwa paskah kristiani merupakan karya Yesus dalam upaya melepaskan manusia dari penghukuman karena dosa.

Kata kunci: “Bunuh diri”; Paskah; Keselamatan; Manusia
PERFORMANCE TEST OF EDGE DETECTION ON LANDSAT 8 IMAGERY (INTRODUCTION SURVEY FOR COASTAL ENVIRONMENT)
Authors: Prayogo Luhur Moekti
Published: March 2023

Computerization has an essential role in various fields, one of which is remote sensing. His ability to process data quickly and accurately and receive and store data produces information based on a given program. Edge detection techniques in remote sensing imagery have developed rapidly in line with advances in computer technology. This technique is essential, one of which is used for preliminary surveys of coastline changes. A well-detected land will assist the surveyors in the field study. This study aims to determine three edge detection methods' performance, including Roberts' Filter, segmentation, and band ratio on Landsat 8 imagery in producing land edges directly adjacent to the sea area. The use of a 2x2 matrix on the Roberts' filter, the range of values ​​from 0.52 to 0.56 in the segmentation method, and the green band ratio - NIR Infrared resulted in varying accuracy. The results of this study show that the non-fusion image, the resulting edge is less sharp and coarse than the fusion image in the Roberts' filter method. The best method is produced by Band Ratio, where the edge detection results are close to the real image conditions. Meanwhile, unfavorable results were produced in the segmentation method. So that the band ratio has reliable performance for the detection of land objects bordering the ocean.
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN SISTEM INFORMASI UNTUK INVESTIGASI ASET DI YAYASAN AL-MUQOWAMAH TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Nursopha Nisa , Yusup Moch.
Published: March 2023

Yayasan Al-Muqowamah Tasikmalaya adalah salah satu badan hukum yang mengelola lembaga pendidikan dan bimbingan. Lembaga tersebut antara lain Pondok Pesantresn, Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs), Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Islam Terpadu (SMKIT), dan Kantor Bimbingan Ibadah Haji dan Umrah (KBIH).  Salah satu kegiatan terkait pengelolaan aset di Yayasan Al-Muqowamah adalah inventarisasi aset. Kegiatan -inventarisasi aset di Yayasan Al-Muqowamah masih dilakukan secara manual yaitu dengan mencatat pada buku, sehingga terdapat masalah yang ditemukan dalam pelaksanaan inventarisasi aset di yayasan ini seperti  data dan informasi aset tidak tersedia secara realtime, terdapat ketidaksesuaian informasi mengenai kondisi dan jumlah aset yang telah dilakukan pendataan, oleh karena itu diperlukan analisis mengenai kebutuhan sistem informasi menggunakan model Unified Theory Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendefinisikan masalah mengenai kebutuhan sistem informasi, menganalisis kebutuhan sistem informasi, dan mengetahui sistem informasi yang dapat direkomendasikan terhadap Yayasan Al-Muqowamah Tasikmalaya untuk pelaksanaan inventarisasi aset.  Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dan teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara wawancara, observasi dan studi dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menghasilkan data mengenai kebutuhan sistem informasi untuk pelaksanaan inventarisasi aset di Yayasan Al-Muqowamah berdasarkan. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, direkomendasikan untuk melakukan perancangan sistem informasi untuk pelaksanaan inventarisasi aset berbasis web.
SPK SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN SELEKSI PEMENANG LELANG STUDI KASUS : LPSE KOTA BANJARMASIN
Authors: Syaukani Muhammad , Kadir Abdul , Amelia Seira Rizqi
Published: March 2023

Saat ini proses seleksi lelang elektronik di LPSE Kota Banjarmasin dilakukan dengan memperhatikan masing-masing indikator dan kriteria individu yang telah ditetapkan oleh masing-masing peserta lelang. Hal ini membutuhkan pertimbangan yang cermat dari banyak kriteria, yang membutuhkan waktu dan proses penilaian yang menyeluruh. Selain itu, untuk mendeteksi terjadinya ketidakpuasan di antara peserta, perangkat bantu seperti sistem pendukung keputusan Memanfaatkan metodologi Eckenrode dan The Distance to the Ideal Alternative, penelitian ini berupaya untuk memperbaiki sistem penentuan sebab seleksi pemenang lelang (DIA ). Sekitar 50 sampel data digunakan dalam penelitian untuk menentukan ambang akurasi dan sensitivitas sistem, dan hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa tingkat akurasi dan sensitivitas masing-masing adalah 98% dan 97%. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa metode Eckenrode dan DIA dapat berhasil digunakan untuk pengembangan sistem pemilihan kandidat khusus lelang.
Orman Yangınları Sonrası Ekosistem Tabanlı Planlamaya Doğru: Yanma Derinliğinin Sınıflandırılması
Authors: GÜNEY Coşkun Okan , MERT Ahmet , GÜLSOY Serkan
Published: March 2023

Orman yangınları dünya üzerindeki ekosistemleri etkileyen doğal bir sürecin parçasıdır. Yangın, mikro ölçekli fenomenden geniş peyzaj desenleri ve süreçlerine kadar birden fazla zamansal ve mekânsal ölçekte biyofiziksel süreçleri etkiler. Yöneticiler yangın sonrası karar verme süreçlerini gerçekleştirebilmek için yanan alanların karakterizasyonunu iyi yapabilmelidir. Bu ise hem bitki örtüsü hem de toprakta yangının neden olduğu ekolojik değişimin derecesi olarak kabul edilen ve yangın rejiminin en önemli bileşenlerinden olan yanma derinliğinin tespiti ile mümkündür. Yanma derinliği, yanıcı madde tüketimi derecesinin görsel olarak gözlemlenmesi, yangından sonra tüketilmemiş bitki ve toprak yüzeylerindeki kömürleşme miktarı temelinde sınıflandırılabilir. Bu sınıflandırmalar genellikle yanmamış, az yanmış, orta derecede yanmış ve çok yanmış alanlara ayrılarak yapılır. Bazen yangınlar çok büyük alanlarda meydana gelir ve bu alanlarda zarar tespitleri yapmak çok fazla emek, para ve zaman gerektirebilir. Bu yüzden büyük yangınlar sonrası yangının ekosisteme verdiği zararın derecesi belirlenirken uzaktan algılama yöntemleri sıklıkla kullanılır. Yanma derinliği sınıflandırmaları genellikle optik uzaktan algılama verilerinden türetilen spektral indeksler ile ya da SAR ve LiDAR gibi aktif uzaktan algılama yöntemlerinden elde edilen haritalar ile ifade edilir. Yanma derinliğini sınıflandıran haritalar, orman yangınların toprak, su, ekosistem florası ve faunası, atmosfer üzerindeki etkilerini tanımlayabilir ve yangınlar sonucu ortaya çıkan farklı derecelerde yanmış/ yanmamış alanların sürdürebilir ekolojik bir yaklaşım ile planlanmasında kullanılabilir. Bu çalışmada yanma derinliği kavramı ve yanma derinliği sınıflandırmalarının aşamaları hakkında bilgiler verilmiş, bu konu hakkında bundan sonra yapılacak çalışmalar için literatür özetlenerek konunun iyi ve eksik yönleri tartışılmıştır.
Effect of Anisotropy on Basic and Residual Friction Angles in Schist Rocks
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Mehmet , BEYHAN Sunay , ERARSLAN Kaan
Published: March 2023

The basic friction angle (φb) tests are a common and practical method used to determine the shear strength of discontinuities. Tilt device is generally used in basic friction angle experiments. In this study, the effects of the anisotropy properties of green and mica schist rocks taken from the copper mine site in Kastamonu Hanönü district on the basic and residual friction angles were investigated. For this purpose, experiments with a specially designed tilt device were conducted on dried and saturated green schist and mica schist samples with orientation angles of 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75° and 90° relative to the loading axis. According to the results in dried and saturated conditions, maximum basic and residual friction angle values were obtained for green schist samples at 60°. The results were close to each other in the experiments carried out in both saturated and dried conditions. Green schist samples were less affected by the saturated media. Mica schist samples were not affected by anisotropy for both media, and close values were obtained in all orientation angles. It was determined that the basic and residual friction angles were lower in saturated conditions compared to dried ones.
Standard Model Background Analysis for Single Lepton Channel
Authors: YILDIZ Buğra , BOZ Muge
Published: March 2023

Since protons are not fundamental particles, they produce very large backgrounds in proton-proton collisions. Therefore, in supersymmetry searches, the main challenge is to differentiate supersymmetric signals from Standard Model background. Hence, extensive background analysis becomes an important probe to obtain information in the direction of supersymmetry searches. Among the variety of signatures in this direction, single lepton channel is one of the effective processes in which Standard Model background is obtained. In this work, starting from the generation of background emerging from various events, basic selections and cuts have been applied to obtain a homogenous and a clean sample. On the other hand, the magnitude of missing transverse energy and scalar sum of all transverse momentums are crucial to detect particles that can escape without leaving trace in the detector. Therefore, all necessary histograms have been plotted. Emerging the leading backgrounds from W-bosons + jets and top quark-antiquark + jets events, almost all energy regions, it is seen that W+jets have greater contribution to background. However, for the collisions that produce high number of jets top quark-antiquark + jets become more dominant. Final step of the work is the application of additional selections and cuts for the isolation of potential supersymmetry signals.
Juan Arin Dorronsororen «Material Toponímico» argitaragabearen 25. paper-zorroa
Authors: Zaldua Etxabe Luis Mari
Published: March 2023

Lan honen helburua Juan Arin Dorronsororen «Material toponímico» argitaragabeare 25. paper-zorroan dagoen edukiaren berri ematea da, 1940. urtean hark egindako krokisean Enirio-Aralarko toponimiaz biltzen den informazioa osatzeko.
Hacia una periodización de la fragmentación del euskera occidental
Authors: Aldai Gontzal
Published: March 2023

En este artículo el autor propone una periodización relativa de la fragmentación del euskera occidental, basada fundamentalmente en el criterio de variabilidad o multiplicidad de formas. Concretamente, después de elegir una muestra de características representativas del euskera occidental, observa qué grado de variabilidad presenta cada uno de esos rasgos; es decir, si tienen variantes documentadas y de qué tipo. Así distingue cuatro periodos dentro del tiempo que iría aproximadamente desde el comienzo de la fragmentación dialectal (ss. VI-VII) hasta la generalización de la documentación escrita (ss. XVIXVII). Esta periodización confirma que la fragmentación del euskera occidental fue un proceso que cubrió un largo periodo de tiempo. Por otro lado, la extensión geográfica de las características analizadas revela grandes diferencias en...
Birformulatzaile laburbiltzaileen balio diskurtsiboen azterketa corpusean oinarrituta
Authors: Aranzabe Urruzola Mª Jesús , Arriola Egurrola José Mª
Published: March 2023

Artikulu honetan gaur egungo corpusa oinarri harturik, birformulatzaile laburbiltzaileak izan ditugu aztergai. Bereziki, balio diskurtsiboak zehaztu nahi izan ditugu. Izan ere, bi balio nagusi bereizten dira literaturan, batetik, laburbiltzailea, eta, bestetik, berraztertzailea. Hala ere, gure hipotesia da balio diskurtsibo nagusi horietan badirela aztertu beharreko ñabardurak eta, horrez gain, zenbait kasutan balio horien arteko mugak ere ez direla erabat garbiak. Lan honetarako birformulatzaile hauek aztertu ditugu: azken batean, azken buruan, azken finean, hitz batean, hitz bitan esateko, hitz gutxitan, laburbilduz, labur esanda.
Artzibarko aldaera deitu izanaren inguruan (eta 9 – Aditzaz zerbait Elkanoko aldaerarekiko erkaketan)
Authors: Artola Kortajarena Koldo
Published: March 2023

Lan honen izenburu generikoarekin zerikusia duten saio hauei bukaera emateko, azken honetan aditzaren gaia ukitu dugu, eta egin egin dugu ez bakarrik indikatibo, ahalera, subjuntibo eta agintera deritzen moduei dagozkien adizkiak ekarriz, zenbait aditzen era sintetikoak ere bai baizik, guztiak ere Artzibarko eta Elkanoko aldaerei egokituak, eta, jakina, behin ezagutuz gero, haien artean erkatzeko adinakoak izan ditugun neurrian. Urraulgoitiko Adoain herrixkako erak, gainerakoetatik ezberdintzen dira maiz, datu-ekarlea zenbait urtetan Lapurdi aldean egoniko fraide predikariak, bere eskuizkribuetan, eskualde honetako mintzamoldearen eragina agerian utzi zuenez. Hala eta guztiz ere, datuok ekarri eta gainerakoen ondoan aurkeztu nahi izanditugu, hauekiko zein neurritan datozen bat eta zeinetan ez ikusteko.
Dissolution dynamics of partially protected poly(4-hydroxystyrene) in tetraalkylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution
Authors: Betsumiya Hitomi , Ito Yuko Tsutsui , Kozawa Takahiro , Sakamoto Kazuo , Muramatsu Makoto
Published: March 2023

A 0.26 M tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) aqueous solution has been used as a standard developer for manufacturing semiconductor devices. Alternative developers have recently attracted much attention because the 0.26 M TMAH developer may be approaching its performance limit. In this study, we measured the dissolution and swelling behavior of resist polymers in tetraalkylammonium hydroxide (TAAH) aqueous solutions using a quartz crystal microbalance method to clarify the effects of the alkyl chain length of TAAH. The resist polymer was poly(4-hydroxystyrene), whose hydroxyl groups were partially protected with t-butoxycarbonyl groups. When the alkyl chain length of TAAH was increased from two (ethyl) to three (propyl), the dissolution mode markedly changed. The dissolution mode did not depend on the polymer polarity. The change in the dissolution mode is probably caused by the size effect of TAAH, considering the independence of polymer polarity and the discrete change in the dissolution mode.
Improving the organization of cost analysis in a digital environment
Authors: Voronova E. Yu. , Vekshina A. A.
Published: March 2023

Aim. The presented study aims to substantiate the need to use digital technologies in analytics to make effective management decisions and ensure cost reduction.

Tasks. The authors determine the place of a digital analytics platform in cost analysis; identify key factors in the implementation of the platform; describe the capabilities of the tools provided by the analytics platform and how they can be used in the cost management process.

Methods. This study uses general scientific methods; the results are summarized through tabular and graphical presentation; four groups of data analysis methods (descriptive and diagnostic analytics, predictive and prescriptive analytics) are identified; within each group, special methods of cost analysis (management analysis methods and advanced analytics methods) are indicated, which can be automated using an analytics platform.

Results. It is found that the introduction of an analytics platform transforms the structure of time costs associated with performing analytical work, freeing up working time for solving other management tasks. It is established that analytics platforms are flexible and can find highly specialized solutions due to a wide range of tools and methods implemented on the basis of the platform. The selection of tools and methods depends on the tasks set as part of the cost analysis. Acceptable options for using advanced analytics tools within the framework of cost management are formulated.

Conclusions. The analytical platform serves as a tool that improves the quality of data processing necessary for making effective management decisions. Comprehensive application of traditional cost analysis tools and advanced analytics facilitates the effective search for new opportunities for optimizing business processes, which is an urgent task in the context of uncertainty and limited resources. Considering the importance of the functions performed by the tools of the analytics platform and in connection with the withdrawal of foreign leaders in the field of business analytics from the Russian market due to sanctions, domestic vendors of analytical systems are faced with the challenge of further improving software products that should be on par with their foreign analogs in terms of functionality.
Innovative activity of insurance organizations: Course of development
Authors: Khabarov V. I. , Kolbina M. S. , Kushelev I. Yu.
Published: March 2023

Aim. The presented study aims to develop a model for the innovative development of insurance in Russia based on an in-depth analysis of scientific papers, a survey of insurers, and the market situation.

Tasks. The authors examine innovative development models in the insurance sector; identify problems affecting the introduction of innovations in the insurance business; analyze channels through which insurers purchase insurance products; test the hypothesis about insurers giving preference to digital channels when choosing insurance depending on age and gender; identify the most popular types of insurance products among insurants; highlight promising innovative approaches in Russian insurance.

Methods. This study uses general and private scientific methods, a formal logical approach, and survey of insurers.

Results. A model for the innovative development of insurance in Russia is developed based on an in-depth analysis of scientific papers, a survey of insurers, and the market situation. Testing of the hypothesis about the dependence of the choice of insurance channels on age (generation) for different types of insurance indicates that such a dependence exists only for car insurance. The hypothesis about the joint influence of gender and generation on the choice of channels for purchasing insurance policies is not confirmed. According to the survey, the most popular types of policies include car insurance and travel insurance. Conventional insurance remains more popular among respondents than digital insurance.

Conclusions. A problem of interaction and communication between the insurer and the insurant is revealed. Digital insurance is not sufficiently developed among Russian insurers. The developed client-oriented model will make it possible to establish long-term relationships between companies and customers. Convenient, functional digital tools will create the prerequisites for the sustainable growth of companies, allowing them to gain important competitive advantages in the market.