bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research and Development of the Stone Contour Automatic Processing
Authors: Zhang Shu Wei , Liu Jian Qun , Lv Zhen Fei , Xu Yang
Published: August 2012

Accurate and automatic processing of the stone contour such as the straight line, circle and arc shape is achieved by CNC bridge cutting machine based on the GTS motion control card. Difficult problems of sawing curve contour have been solved with the method of the tool tangential following, in addition, high efficiency and high precision in milling procedure are ensured as a result of the velocity look-ahead. The operation of the automatic tool changer among saw tool, milling tool and grind tool in the machining process is achieved by the method of translating tool carrier. Selective processing of the stone contour is achieved by point selection or region selection, therefore, more flexible processing is realized. The highly automated and integrated processing of the stone contour is realized.
Application of Motion Controller on the Fine Milling Machine Tool for the Large Double-Sided of Aluminum Ingot
Authors: Zhang Ming Zhu , Guo Bo , Dai Yong
Published: August 2012

In view of the processing characteristic of large equipment, The CNC system of the fine milling machine tool for the large double-sided of aluminum ingot is designed, the hardware of the system is introduced, the software is illuminated mainly, the system is configured based on SCOUT, and the control programs of the manual and automatic processing are designed. Based on WINCC Flexible, the operating system which can meet the multi-interface easy to operate and live real-time monitoring is designed. As the result of the commissioning, the system is stable and reliable.
The Influence of Crystal Plane on Graphitization of Diamond by Structure Analysis
Authors: Liang Yi Chun , Wang Zhi Guo , Chen Min Jun , Chen Jia Xuan
Published: August 2012

Under atmospheric pressure diamond is a metastable phase of carbon, which on heating can spontaneously transforms into a thermodynamically stable phase of carbon, graphite. No matter in diamond and in graphite, the six-fold ring is the smallest ring structure; they are very simillar in shape. The graphitization occurs when the rings of {111} plane are flattened. The {111} plane of diamond is the one that would graphitize preferentially and the (001) planes are most resistant to high temperature thermal graphitization.
Research on Electrical Discharge Machining for Injection Mold of Automotive Connector
Authors: Pan Wei Min , Shi Ke Ke , Lei Xian Qing
Published: August 2012

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) processing is generally applied on the area of molding plastic component or mating surface required high accuracy. The areas determine the quality of the plastic components. The principle of EDM is based on the material vaporization of high potential difference across the workpiece and Tool electrode. Tool electrode and workpieces are discontiguous when the EDM processes. Because there is no mechanical contact, Hardness and strength of the workpiece material have minimal effect on the material removal rate .The application of EDM technology on injection mold of automotive connector is focused on in this paper. Processing of the complex cores is researched. The design and processing of the tool electrode have been completed in the meantime.
Study on Residual Stress of GCr15 Bearing Steel under Ultrasonic Vibration Turning
Authors: Tong Jing Lin , Zhao Bo , Jiao Feng
Published: August 2012

The effects of the cutting parameters on residual stresss were investigated in common and ultrasonic vibration hard turning bearing steel GCr15 with PCBN. The residual stresses under the machined surface were measured by X-ray diffraction technique. The results obtained in this study show that residual compressive stress is produced both in common and ultrasonic turning of GCr15 bearing steel. Under the same turning condition the residual compressive produced by the ultrasonic turning is smaller than that by the common turning. Residual compressive stress can improve the fatigue performance and life of workpiece, so the cutting parameters should be optimized to get the best residual compressive stress in ultrasonic turning.
The Effect of Boron-Sulphurizing Rare Earth on Microstructure and Properties of Boronized Layer
Authors: Si Dike Tu Erxun , Xieeryazidan Adayi , Li Xin Mei
Published: August 2012

In this paper studies the effect of the temperature of boronized layer, holding time and formula of accelerant on the microstructure and properties boronized layer. The result shows that the thickness of boronized layer increases with the increasing of temperature of boronized layer and the holding time expansion. In the experiment, the research contrasts the effect of five groups of boron-sulphurizing rare earths co-cementation and finds that the best effect is to add 1.5% sulfide and 5% rare earth in reagent. The metallographic analysis and hardness testing show that the properties of boronized layer have improved evidently.
The Effect of Y on Microstructure and Properties of Al-5wt.%Cu Based Alloy
Authors: Li Min , Cai Lan Rong , Liu Peng Xin
Published: August 2012

There is a great attention to the usage rate of Al-Cu alloys due to the largely use of Al-5%Cu based alloys in the aerospace industry in the past decades. The improvement of microstructure and properties of Al-5%Cu based alloy by refinement and modification. Specially, the refinement and modification of Al-Cu alloy can be achieved by addition of rare earth. In this paper, the effect of Y on the microstructure and properties of Al-5%Cu based alloy was investigated. The results show that θ (Al2Cu) phases change from mesh structure into fish-bone shape and grains are refined. Y additions promoted the end-solidification temperature and decreased the quantity of eutectic in grain boundaries, and narrowed the crystallization range and increased the hot-tearing resistance and decreased the hot-tearing susceptibility significantly.
The Research of the Near-Dry BTA Deep Hole Processing Technology
Authors: Peng Hai , Jiang Wei Bo
Published: August 2012

Dry cutting technology is a new environmentally friendly green process technology. Based on the characteristics of dry cutting and deep-hole processing, a deep-hole processing solution by means of dry cutting technology is presented, that is the near-dry deep hole processing system. Combination of the characteristics of near-dry deep hole processing, we improve the design of tool structure and the selection of blade material, and find the blade material of near-dry deep hole processing by processing testing. Analyzing and testing the cutting performance and processing effect by comparing near-dry and traditional oil processing methods, we achieve a satisfactory result and confirm that the near-dry processing is a green processing technology which has a good processing effect and applying prospect.
Realization of Longitudinal-Torsional Complex Vibration by Conical Compound Horn under Single Acoustic Excitation
Authors: Zheng Jian Xin
Published: August 2012

Realization of longitudinal-torsional complex vibration by conical compound horn has more engineering application value with respect to the conventional longitudinal-torsional complex vibration converting devices. The frequency equations of longitudinal vibration and torsional vibration for the conical compound horn made up of cone and circular cylinder were given based on the wave theory of longitudinal vibration and torsional vibration of ultrasonic horn. The mechanism of the realization of longitudinal-torsional complex vibration by conical compound horn under single acoustic excitation was explained. And a numerical example indicated that longitudinal-torsional complex vibration could be realized by conical compound horn when the length and diameter of such horn were well chosen. The results of this study may be used in the field of longitudinal-torsional complex vibration ultrasonic machining.
Research on Temperature Field of Nano-Composite Ceramics by Multi-Ultrasonic Grinding
Authors: Xue Jin Xue , Zhao Bo
Published: August 2012

In processing of structure ceramics materials with diamond grinding wheel, grinding heat is one of vital factors influencing workpiece surface quality. Grinding parameters have important influences on workpiece surface temperature distribution. Contrast experiments on grinding temperature field of ZrO2 in common and ultrasonic grinding were carried out in the paper by manual thermocouple method. The relationship between grinding parameters and temperature were researched theoretically and experimentally. The results show that the farther the distance from grinding surface, the smaller the peak value of temperature is. With the increases of grinding depth, grinding speed and feedrate, the surface temperature will heightens accordingly. It was proved that grinding depth is the most vital factor influencing grinding temperature field through orthogonal experiments. Furthermore, comparing with high surface layer temperature which often results in grinding burn in traditional grinding, ultrasonic grinding can reduce grinding temperature effectively.
The Experiment Research on the Fluid Magnetic Abrasives
Authors: Li Wei Dong , Lv Ming
Published: August 2012

The fluid magnetic abrasive (FMA) is a new type of intelligent material. The fluid magnetic abrasive (FMA) has typical liquid characteristics, when there is no external magnetic field around it. But when a strong magnetic field is applied, the viscosity of it will increase more than 100 times within a few milliseconds, and it will show the characteristics those are resemble to solid's. We call this feature as rheological property, of which because the workpiece can be finished by fluid magnetic abrasive (FMA). On base of researching on the micro-structure of fluid magnetic abrasive (FMA), the experiments and results are presented in this paper.
Study on the Cathodic Surface Micro-Profile Effects on the Current Filed Distribution in Processing of Electrochemical Finishing
Authors: Abulihazi Masikuda , Xieeryazidan Adayi
Published: August 2012

To improve the ECF leveling effect, according to the actual work of anodic and cathode surface micro-profile, based on the electrodynamics knowledge, established the mathematical model of current field. On the basis of this use of some software to simulate and proceeded numerical calculation, obtained for the influence rule the different cathode surface profile of the current field distribution, and was verified by the experiment. The experimental results show that the variation of the cathode surface micro-profile by changing the current distribution to affect the surface of the anodic and influence of leveling effect by copying the phenomenon will be its own surface profile is copied to the anode. The cathode surface profile is more pointed the affect for the anodic surface will be more obvious.
Study and Development of Reconfigurable and Multi-Station Auto Shaft Pressing and Assembling Machine for Small Gears
Authors: Zhang Zi Qiang , Hu Sheng Guo , Chen Shao Bo , Li Run Dian , Zheng Zhi Dan , Deng Zhi Feng , Li Yang , Xie Shao Yu
Published: August 2012

Aiming at the shaft pressing and assembling process for steel shaft and small gear, which is frequent in toy gear reducer assembling, a reconfigurable and multi-station auto shaft pressing and assembling machine had been developed. In the machine, steel shaft and small gear are positioned in a pre-positioned fixture in advance. The assembling process is carried out in three stations simultaneously. It makes the machines efficiency become higher. Applying the reconfigurable design concept, the machine can be divided into basal modules and changeable modules. The changeable modules can be adjusted or replaced to make the machine fit for components of multifarious small gears and steel shafts with different length and diameter. Each module of the machine is introduced in detail and related problems are discussed in the paper.
Study on Crushing Machinerys Rapid Design System Based on Generalized Modular
Authors: Cao Shou Qi , Hu Chun Yu
Published: August 2012

In order to respond quickly to meet market demand of crushing machinery, shorten development cycles of products and reduce design cost, rapid design system is introduced. According to the features of crushing machinery and the division method of product modules, interfaces have been studied and proposed using the theory of generalized modular design and flexible module instead of traditional module. The general structure of software is put forward by analyzing the design procedures. A template database, an example database and pars database are built using Visual Studio 2008, Sql Server 2000 and Solidworks. In this article, an example is used to verify its feasibility.
The Dynamics Analysis of Comb Cotton Picker Transmission System
Authors: Wang Chun Yao , Xu Chun Mei , Chen Fa , Liu Yue , Chi Jiu Peng , Cai Fei
Published: August 2012

This article does research on 4MSC-3000 cotton picker transmission system thorough. It establishes transmission system dynamics model and vibration differential equation, ADAMS virtual prototyping technology is used to do simulation on the transmission system. Kinematics relations and dynamic characteristics of the transmission system are found out. Through the dynamic analysis of the model to solve, we can get kinetic curve of gearbox, each axis, gears and so on. Then provide the necessary theoretical basis for follow-up prototype design.
The Parametric Modeling and Contact Strength Analysis for the Wind Power Increasing Gear
Authors: Luo Jing , Ahmat Mutellip , Gao Qiang , Ren Li Chao
Published: August 2012

In this paper, the precise 3D model of the wind power increasing gear was set up by based on the parametric designing method of Pro/Program, then the contact strength of the gear was analyzed by the FEM and the Hertz theoretical value was calculated, the FEM and the Hertz results were contrasted in order to confirm the applicability of the numerical analysis in wind power gear contact analysis. Finally, the corresponding analysis conclusion was received.The researching results offered a effective theoretical basis for the optimization design and analysis of the wind increasing gear.
The Influence of Global Warming on the Optimal Lectotype of Wind Turbine
Authors: Gao Tian , Qi Wen Jun , Zhao Ming Lu
Published: August 2012

The variation of wind speed influenced by global warming is elaborated in this paper, the fitted curve of temperature and wind speed showed that the wind speed dropped with the increasing of temperature. Due to the climate changes, the distribution of wind speed of the original field was changed, and the utilization rate of raw wind energy was affected. The results show that: the original distribution of wind speed would been radically changed resulted from the global warming and the wind farm is no longer rich in wind resources, the best optimal lectotype of wind turbine is changing with wind speed changing. With the development of the technology, it is clear that the wind turbine with the lower starting speed and high power has more advantages.
Precision-Location of Gang Blade and Segment of Hard Grit Based on Double Stochastic Numbers and Systematic Design
Authors: Gu Li Zhi , Zhou Zong Zhi
Published: August 2012

In order to supply premium blades of Gang Saw for cutting stone, segments with diamond abrasive are supposed to weld onto the blade base in proper position. Analyze the requirements of the blades and put forward high precision location of the segment with respect to the blade base symmetry based on the double stochastic numbers for the longitudinal allocation and on the over-lapping principle of location for the symmetry. Accordingly the design of feeding and locating of both the blade bases and the segments are accomplished. Theoretically, the locating errors are zero, and the real locating accuracy reaches the level of micrometer, satisfying the need of applications in engineering. The feeding and locating system, together with the clamping devices, so designed for the blade welding operation works well.
Blade Reverse Design of Large Wind Turbine
Authors: Sun Wen Lei , Hu Guo Yu , Jiang Hong
Published: August 2012

Blade is one of key parts in wind turbine. Its shape design and airfoil selection directly affects the performance of wind turbine. This paper presented reverse redesign method of blade of large wind turbine and developed a blade airfoil automatically generating system. The redesign of blade is achieved through such processes as reverse measurement, reverse CAD modeling and blade reverse model analysis as well as determining the formula of blade section parameters. The blade airfoil automatically generating system has been applied.
Research of New Servo-Hydraulic Press Based on the AC Servo Motor Control
Authors: Xia Lian , Xiao Yang , Li Gui Shan , Zhai Hua , Han Jiang
Published: August 2012

Servo-hydraulic press is a kind of hydraulic press which has feedback device and can detect and feedback signals. Nowadays traditional servo-hydraulic press based on proportion-al servo valve control has been often used,but the study of this article is a new servo-hydraulic press based on the AC servo motor control. In this article, the hydraulic system of new servo-hydraulic press,and the electrical control system including the hardware component and software system have been mainly designed.
Fault Diagnosis Method for Automotive Panel Processing Equipment Hydraulic System Based on Rough Sets - Neural Networks
Authors: Han Jiang , Huang Hai Jin , Xia Lian , Zhai Hua
Published: August 2012

The application, which the intelligence is used in the fault diagnosis, is the main direction of research currently, especially in the fault diagnosis of large mechanical equipment. In order to improve hydraulic system failure diagnosis of high-speed deep drawing hydraulic press, reduce the efficiency and accuracy of difficulty diagnostic staff. By using rough sets theory combining neural network and the method of large NC hydraulic press, hydraulic system fault diagnosis of diagnosis. This paper established based on rough set - neural network fault diagnosis model, and the following hydraulic cushion hydraulic system as an example, the diagnosis in establishing the fault table based on the rough set theory to fault table attribute reduction and generating rules, will rule input to the BP neural network was trained learning. Get in neural network after the test data repository and simulation. Test results show that the method for the diagnosis of high-speed deep drawing hydraulic press hydraulic system fault is effective.
Structural Properties Analysis of Composite Wind Turbine Blade
Authors: Xu Lin , Sun Wen Lei , Wu An
Published: August 2012

In the process of wind turbine operation, the blade needs to withstand various kinds of loads. With wind turbine power kept getting bigger, the strength requirement of the blades become higher. In order to improve the strength of the blade, lots of new composite materials are use in blade material component parts. This paper studies the geometry laminated structure, external and structural characteristics of composite blade.
Experimental Study on Critical Vibration for the Load of Motion Platform of Linear Servo Motor
Authors: Li Guang Hui , Wang Zhen Yu , Liao Guo Peng , Tan Guang Yu
Published: August 2012

Motorized spindle is an execution unit of machine tool. The rotation of a motorized spindle and the cutting of a machine tool are two vibration sources which will impact the feed system. These vibrations will affect processing quality, cause tools failure and destroy machine stability. The signal analysis in time-domain and frequency-domain for two types of vibrations of execution unit load of linear servo motor were conducted respectively in this work, by employing the BZ7201-USB multifunctional data acquisition instrument. From the analysis, the impact of vibration load to the motion precision of execution unit was obtained. As the load vibration will cause overshoot problem as well, the critical vibration range of motion platform was obtained from a research on system PID parameter adjustment for overshoot problem. The results provide experimental data for further research on servo feed system control.
Tracking Control of Mobile Robots Based on the BP Neural Network
Authors: Xiong Ying , Xiao Shi De , Lei Shuang Jiang , Zha Feng
Published: August 2012

An intelligent tracking control system based on the micro-control unit (MCU) has been developed to control the motors by sensing the change of black guide lines. After the training of the BP Neural Network, the MCU is able to make decisions quickly and accurately for various situations during robot moving. Using MCU technology to control the motors, the system is compatible for both manual and automatic control. The experiment shows that the mobile robot could follow the change of black guide lines accurately and quickly, and stillness and out-of-orbit were effectively inhibited during moving. The proposed tracking control system based on the BP Neural Network has been verified to have high reliability.
Finite Element Simulation Study of Cutting Process for Large Thin-Wall Part of Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Li Guo He , Qi Hou Jun , Yan Bing
Published: August 2012

A finite element simulation study of cutting process and whole part deformation of a large thin-wall aluminum alloy part used in aerospace is carried out by ABAQUS. The geometry model, material model and heat conduction model are built. The friction conditions and boundary constraints are determined. The whole process of chip generation is simulated and the distribution of strain, stress, cutting temperature and are given. The chip formation and the cutting force are also predicted. Based on the prediction results, the deformation of whole part is predicted. This study establishes the foundation of selection and optimization of cutting parameters and deformation compensation for this kind of large thin-wall parts.
The Tool Space Trajectory and Stress Simulation of Manipulator Based on the Optimization Design
Authors: Luo Cheng Yu , Zou Xiang Jun , Ye Min , Li Jing
Published: August 2012

It’s not a difficult problem to accomplish mechanism designing of tool path. In order to meet the lightweight optimization design and the organization innovation for robot, cutting tool path optimization and simulation space, it still need further research. Firstly, using cutting tool of fruit picking robot, and doing kinematics analysis for displacement and velocity of the point on the edge of tool, a space curve motion equation was proposed; Secondly, through the analysis of sliding cutting theory, the sliding cutting angle was deduced, and the optimal way was determined; Thirdly, quantitative analysis was applied to analyze the affection of cutting quality caused by the cutting speed, and the optimal speed of blade was determined. Finally through the simulation and picking robot experiments, it was validated that the calculation model and the effectiveness of the curve track. The paper puts forward optimum tool’s space curve motion equation and sliding cutting angle, providing the theoretical support for lightweight optimization design of cutting mechanism of manipulator.
Structural Optimization of a Machining Center Column Based on Response Surface Method
Authors: Sun Ming Nan , Yin Guo Fu , Hu Teng
Published: August 2012

In order to improve dynamic characteristics of a machining center column, this paper proposes a structural optimization method based on finite element method (FEM) and response surface method (RSM). In order to reduce number of design variables, the finite element analysis samples in design space are selected by using the central composite design (CCD) experiment method. On the basis of FEM results at these experiment samples, quadratic polynomials are employed to establish response surface model, which reflects the relationship between the response (mean frequency of the first four orders) and the design variables (the column structural sizes). The goal of getting maximum mean frequency is reached by using NLPQL algorithm in iSIGHT. Through the optimization, the mean frequency is increased by 8.12%.
Topping Height Automatic Control System of Cotton Top Cutter
Authors: Xu Yan , Zhou Jian Ping , Wu Ji Chun
Published: August 2012

Conforming the requirements of the agricultural machinery automation, the project combined with infrared sensor technology, codec technology, hydraulic transmission control technology, sensor technology and MCU control technology, developed a cotton top cutter of precision, fast response, strong anti-jamming capability, intelligent control. Intelligent cotton top cutter can replace effectively the chemicals topping and artificial topping. The machine of high automation and high precision can reduce effetely of apical dominance on cotton growing in the maximum extent. Intelligent cotton topping is of great significance on the management of cotton-growing and have a good role in promoting automation level of agricultural machinery
Oxidation Corrosion Behavior of Composite Cladding of Intermetallic Compound Ni3Si
Authors: Sun Yao Ning , Zhang Xu Dong , Sun Wen Lei , Yu Qing
Published: August 2012

The oxidation resistance of Ni-Si-Ti-C, Ni-Si-C-Nb in-situ reinforcement clad layers has been investigated by cyclic oxidation tests at the temperature 1100°C. The oxidation performance were characterized by Thermo-gravimetric (TG),scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD),the TG date indicates good oxidation resistant was reached for the clad layers. The kinetic constant Kp and the micrograph of oxidized samples shown that NbC reinforce clad layers which oxide products including NiO, SiO2 and Nb2O5 has better oxidation resistant than TiC reinforce clad layers which oxide products including NiO, some SiO2 and TiO2.
The Development of Web-Based Parts Library for Typical Mechanical and Electric Industries
Authors: He Li , Sun Wen Lei , Wang Hong Wei , Li Peng Cheng
Published: August 2012

In order to share and reuse the abundant standardization and serialization parts resource in typical mechanical and electric industries, it is an efficient option to develop a pats library management system in networked manufacturing environment. Therefore, the framework of web-based parts library is discussed based on B/S mode and .NET framework. Especially, key technologies for developing this system are studied, including methods for parts resource classifying and encoding, database design and access, no-refresh browsing of 3D part model, and system security mechanism and so on. At last, a prototype system is present.
The Design of Injection Mold Assembly System Based on the Virtual Reality Technology
Authors: Zhang Jian , Sun Wen Lei , Wang Xiang Long , Wang Chun Xiang , Guo Shu Jun
Published: August 2012

Traditional injection mould development needs longer cycle and higher cost, while the use of virtual assembly technology can greatly reduce the cost of the design process. Besides, the cost of newly designed products injection mold shaping and its die trial was very expensive; yet virtual mold assembly system can reduce the cost in the process of actual assembly. The simulation system of injection mold assembly and modeling can be designed by applying the virtual reality technology and its virtual roaming displaying can be achieved with external control and display devices on the virtual interaction platform of the Nvision. Finally utilizing man-machine interface technology can make users immersed in a virtual environment, realize man-machine interaction and provide a brand-new information exchange interface superior to the traditional manifestation way.
3D Scene of Virtual Reality System Design and Research
Authors: Wang Chun Xiang , Zhao Qun , Sun Wen Lei , Wan Xiao Jing , Cui Quan Wei
Published: August 2012

The use of virtual reality technology on the objective world visualization and simulation, can provide the user some information hidden behind the data and realize humanized man-machine interaction. Based on the virtual reality system design process, classification, key technology and application areas of exploration, can grasp and understand the realization of virtual reality system design and development of the basic principles.
Research of Cloud Business Platform in the Steel Industry Chain
Authors: Xiong Feng , Cao Qian Qian , Huang Yun Fei , Xiong Zong Hui
Published: August 2012

As an important basic industry in Manufacturing, steel industry also is a supporting industry for city industrialization and modernization in China. With the further development of information technology, e-business in the steel industry has accounted for an increasingly large proportion in the overall development of e-business. But currently e-business system is relatively decentralized, lack of integration and service expansion capacity in the downstream industry chain. Therefore, this paper is proposed to build cloud business platform by the combination of cloud computing and e-business, introducing service module functions through the cloud and end, and forming the whole process of shared business services in the steel industry. Finally, the paper does the analysis to the effect of its application in the enterprise to prove the feasibility of the model.
On-Line Control for the Pore Size of Bone Scaffold Based on LDM
Authors: Liu Yuan Yuan , Han Zhen Zhong , Fang Shu Hui , Liu Da Li , Liu Ying , Hu Qing Xi
Published: August 2012

The scaffold is a key part of the artificial regeneration osseous tissues. The ideal scaffold will have the ability to mimic the fully functional tissue, which can afford the fibrous form and complex function of the native ECM. Although Low-temperature deposition manufacturing is a promising method for fabricate tissue scaffold because scaffold can maintain a good performance of biomaterials in low temperature, the scaffold pore size can not be controlled according to demands. Therefore, the key factors that affect the pore size of bone scaffolds are firstly analyzed. Then the mechanism for on-line control is given. Finally, an automatic control system is proposed and some experimental results are given, which have demonstrated the effects of processing parameters on the Shaping of scaffold material.
Research on Loads Control of Wind Turbine Based on Disturbance Accommodating Control
Authors: Hu Guo Yu , Sun Wen Lei , Hai Ji Zhe , Xu Yan
Published: August 2012

This paper uses modern control based on DAC control to numerically simulate a 1.5MW wind turbine. Through linearized modeling of 1.5MW wind turbine, this paper illustrates state-space control design and simulation for a 1.5MW wind turbine. This paper emphasizes on the use of DAC control to alleviate loads when the turbine is operating at maximum power. Loads diagrams of 1.5MW wind turbine including generator, low-speed shaft and high-speed shaft are obtained. The simulation results show that the collective pitch control based on DAC has certain effects on load alleviation compared to PI control.
Research on Material Mechanical Performance of Femurs Cured by Uyghur Sand Therapy
Authors: Maitirouzi Julaiti , Mahemuti Dilinaer , Kong Chun Yuan , Fu Rong Chang , Tiyipu Rexiati , Li Wei
Published: August 2012

In our research, in accordance with the traditional sand therapy practice usually held in Turpan areas, we built an indoor sand therapy laboratory in Xinjiang University. After heating the sand with a heater for one week, we obtained similar temperature in every layer of the sand to that in the sand therapy. Male rabbits were treated with the sand therapy and medication and compared with normal control. The blood, joint fluid and mechanical properties of the bones were compared. The comparison of the mechanical properties of the bone, as well as our clinical experience with the sand therapy shows the effectiveness of such a treatment.
Evaluation Method and Application of Assembly Yield in Two-Dimension Multi-Station Assembly Processes Based on Number-Theoretical Net
Authors: Wen Ze Jun , Zhu Zheng Qiang , Zhao Yan Ming , Zhang Fan
Published: August 2012

Method for calculating assembly yield in two-dimension multi-station assembly processes is developed based on Number-Theoretical Net (NT-net). The discrepancy of NT-net is analyzed, and the principle of generating good lattice point (glp) based on NT-net method is introducted. Afterwards, taking fixture locating variations which are sampled using NT-net method for input vectors, the samples are substituted into state space model of dimension variation propagation in multi-station assembly processes to get output vectors. The statistics for qualified sample is accomplished, after comparing output vectors with the variations of measuring points on component. Assembly yield in two-dimension multi-station assembly processes is gained when qualified sample divided by total sample. Finally, a real case in automotive body floor assembly is given as an example to calculate the assembly yield in two-dimension three-station assembly processes. The result is validated by using Monte carlo simulation. It provides a new way to predict assembly yield in two-dimension multi-station assembly processes.
Enhanced UV Stability of PBO Fibers by Using Benzotriazole UV Absorber
Authors: Song Bo , Meng Ling Hui , Huang Yu Dong
Published: August 2012

In the present research, a sizing agent containing benzotriazole UV absorber was used as coating to enhance the UV stability of PBO fibers. The sizing coating was characterized by XPS and SEM. The effect of UV absorber on UV stability of PBO fibers was studied by an accelerated photo-aging method. The experimental results show that UV stability of coated PBO fibers was obviously improved compare to uncoated PBO fibers. After 480 h of UV exposure, the tensile strength retention and intrinsic viscosity retention of coated PBO fibers was higher than that of original PBO fibers. SEM photograph shows that no significant change of surface morphologies, meanwhile some latitudinal crack appeared on the original PBO fiber surface.
Fatigue Life Tests of Explosively Cladded Steel-Titanium Bimetal
Authors: Kurek Andrzej , Niesłony Adam
Published: August 2012

The paper contains a description of fatigue life tests of titan-steel bimetal. The study involved specimens made of bimetal which was a combination of S355J2 steel and SB G1 265 titanium, which was imposed in the material by explosive cladding method. The research shows that the fatigue life of specimens made of native material, derived from cladded plate is less than the life of specimens of titanium-steel bimetal.
Variations of the Specimen Temperature Depending on the Pattern of the Multiaxial Load – Preliminary Research
Authors: Lipski Adam , Skibicki Dariusz
Published: August 2012

This paper provides the results of research on temperature changes of cylindrical specimens depending on the pattern of the multiaxial load. The research were made by using passive infrared thermography. It was found out that the average temperature value is significantly dependent on the plastic strain energy and that the temperature change amplitude depends on the nominal normal stress (except for torsion).
Estimation of Fatigue Life of Materials with Out-of-Parallel Fatigue Characteristics under Block Loading
Authors: Kurek Marta , Łagoda Tadeusz
Published: August 2012

The paper presents the algorithm of fatigue life estimation for materials with out-of-parallel fatigue characteristics under block loading. Brass CuZn40Pb2, medium-alloy steel 30CrNiMo8 and high-alloy steel 35NCD16 belong to such materials. Brass CuZn40Pb2 was used for analysis. The experimental results were compared with those calculated according to the assumed model, and satisfactory results were obtained.
Dual-Band Experimental System For Subsurface Cracks Testing
Authors: Marciniak Tomasz , Lutowski Zbigniew , Bujnowski Sławomir , Boroński Dariusz , Czajka Piotr
Published: August 2012

The authors of this article have presented a hybrid method for inspection in the visible and infrared bands. A model of a test stand equipped with a monochromatic CCD and thermovision cameras which enable execution of tests in the field of active and passive thermography has been presented. Application of two vision channels provides the possibility of observing the defects caused by cracks and non-uniformity of a material structure, in the subsurface layer. An analysis of experimental tests performed on selected objects has been presented. Images from both channels, effects of the image overlapping and profiled charts along characteristic lines in thermograms have been shown.
Dual-Camera Vision System for Fatigue Monitoring
Authors: Giesko Tomasz
Published: August 2012

The article presents a dual-camera vision system for fatigue monitoring composed of a vision unit, a camera positioning set and a computer unit. Vision modules are mounted onto the 4DOF positioning sets, which allows for an easy determination of the position of the camera in relation to the sample. The application of motorized measurement lenses with changeable configuration, thanks to the alteration of the distance of observation and the vision angle, enables the adaptation of the system to different scales of observation of the fatigue processes in the specimen surface. Automatic focus setting is realised with the use of the implemented algorithm. The software developed allows for the analysis of fatigue fracture for two 2D images or the 3D stereovision image.
Determination of Fatigue Life on the Basis of Experimental Fatigue Diagrams under Constant Amplitude Load with Mean Stress
Authors: Niesłony Adam , Böhm Michał
Published: August 2012

The paper deals with a comparison of fatigue life calculations, obtained on the basis of classical Basquin diagrams and approximated diagrams acquired with the use of the section method, which allows us to fit the diagrams shape to real material properties. While comparing the calculation results, literature data concerning fatigue tests of welded cruciform specimens from high performance low-alloy steel HSLA-80 presented by Kihl and Sarkani as well as of smooth specimens out of the aluminum alloy 75S-T6 by Grover et al. has been used. It has been noticed that the calculations performed with the use of fatigue diagrams approximated using the section method reflect the true behavior of the material. The models by Niesłony-Böhm and Smith-Watson-Topper compensating the influence of the mean stress gave similar results.
Applying a Stepwise Load for Calculation of the S-N Curve for Trabecular Bone Based on the Linear Hypothesis for Fatigue Damage Accumulation
Authors: Topoliński Tomasz , Cichański Artur , Mazurkiewicz Adam , Nowicki Krzysztof
Published: August 2012

In this work were presented calculated fatigue curves based on fatigue tests of trabecular bone under stepwise load with the application of a linear hypothesis accumulation of fatigue damage. The investigation was performed on 61 cylindrical bone samples obtained from the neck of different femur heads. The bone sample fatigue tests were carried out under compression with stepwise increases of the applied load. The fatigue calculation assumed the Palmgren-Miner (P-M) linear hypothesis accumulation of fatigue damage and the associated modified formulae. The obtained mean fatigue curves were based on the modified stress σ/E0 (E0 – initial stiffnes) for the assumed rule-determined slope or y-intercept. The highest agreement with the literature was obtained for Σn/N=10.
Method of Determining the Initial Stiffness Modulus for Trabecular Bone under Stepwise Load
Authors: Topoliński Tomasz , Cichański Artur , Mazurkiewicz Adam , Nowicki Krzysztof
Published: August 2012

In this work was presented method of initial stiffness modulus E0 calculation based on fatigue tests of trabecular bone under stepwise load. The investigation was performed on 61 cylindrical bone samples obtained from the neck of different femur heads. The bone sample fatigue tests were carried out under compression with stepwise increases of the applied load. The obtained values of the initial stiffness modulus E0 were consistent with literature data and can be used to determine the S-N curve for trabecular bone using the hypotheses of fatigue damage accumulation. It was also an unsuccessful attempt to find a statistical relationship between the values of the initial stiffness modulus E0 and indices of bone structure.
Influence of Heating Rate and Burning Temperature on the Thermal Decomposition of Textile Sludge
Authors: Altidis M.E.D. , da Silva Morais Crislene Rodrigues , Guedes B.F.R. , Rodrigues Pablo Araújo , Souza M.A.F.
Published: August 2012

The generation of waste is a consequence of human action as a result of user and processor of raw materials. In effluents textiles sewage treatment, waste generation, especially the sludge, is a constant making it necessary to use alternatives for its management. This work aims to study the influence of the burning temperature on the thermal decomposition of textile sludge by Thermogravimetry and Differential Thermal Analysis in order to use it as an additive in concrete and / or pre-molded. The TG curves of textile sludge burned at temperatures of 110°C, 400°C, 450°C, 500°C, 550°C and 600°C showed at two to three steps of thermal decomposition. The infrared spectrum showed characteristic bands of SiO2, OH and CH and the spectrum of the sinterized sludge showed the elimination of OH and CH bands.
Effect of TiO2 and TiB2 on Pressureless Sintering of B4C
Authors: da Rocha Rosa Maria , de Melo Francisco Cristóvão Lourenço
Published: August 2012

This paper presents results of experiments on pressureless sintering of boron carbide (B4C) with addition of titânia (TiO2) and titanium diboride (TiB2). The TiB2powder was added as a second phase and the TiO2powder for reactive sintering and in-situ formation of TiB2. The final concentrations of TiB2in the composites were 0 to 10 vol%. Sintering was performed at 2050 °C/30min in argon atmosphere. TiO2was completely transformed into TiB2with fine equiaxed grains distributed homogeneously. Composites obtained by in-situ reaction showed a densification increase with the concentration increase, while the composites with TiB2powder mixture showed low densification in all compositions. Relative Density of the composite with 10 vol% of TiB2obtained in-situ was 91% (TD) compared to 86 % for B4C only. Vickers hardness was about 29 GPa.
Sintering of Yttria Stabilized Zirconia in Tetragonal Phase by Two Steps Sintering
Authors: Lena Eleomar , Chinelatto Adilson Luiz , Chinelatto Adriana Scoton Antonio , Przybysz Aldo
Published: August 2012

The microstructures of solid electrolytes play an important role in the level of ionic conductivity of these materials. Thus join the mechanical properties of partially stabilized tetragonal phase and the ionic conductivity displayed by the large area of the grain boundaries of polycrystalline zirconia nanometric is an advantage. The objective of this work is to study the densification of ultrafine particles of yttria stabilized zirconia in the tetragonal phase (Y-TSZ) obtained by chemical routes using the unconventional method of sintering the Two Steps Sintering (TSS). The nanocrystalline powders Y-TSZ (4.5 mol%) were prepared by Pechini method and were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The powders were pressed and sintered per TSS. The density of sintered samples was measured by Archimedes method, the crystalline structure was determinate by X-ray diffraction and the grain size and microstructure were observed by SEM. The TSS prevented the grain growth keeping your submicrometer grain size.
Influence of CAD/CAM Grinding in the Performance of Sintered Dental Zirconia Framework
Authors: Elias Carlos Nelson , Melo Andréa Mattos , dos Santos Claudinei
Published: August 2012

The brittle behavior of ceramics limits the use of these materials under conditions of cyclic loading, as is the case of fixed partial dentures. To improve toughness and biocompatibility of ceramics is necessary to employ powders with better purities, adjust the conditions of compaction and sintering, microstructure control and explore mechanisms for increasing the toughness. Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) is generally used for dental ceramic restorations. The zirconia framework is fabricated using the CAD/CAM system. The ceramic mechanical properties are determined by testing polished sample. Previous work did not analyze the influence of surface defects induced during dentures grinding. Ceramic restorations manufacturing are made with coarse grinding high-speed diamond rotatory cutting instruments. This process induces residual stresses and the high temperature induces surface cracks. Consequently, a lower strength and reliability of the material is observed. In this work the mechanical properties of yttria stabilized zirconia were determined with the use of samples of dental prostheses molded in patients and machined with the use of a dental laboratory CAD/CAM system. The results showed that the mechanical properties of pre-sintered blocks are different from prosthetics machined by CAD/CAM and sintered under the same conditions used in the laboratories of the prosthesis. The defects created during machining reduce the mechanical properties of zirconia.
Characterization of Hydroxyapatite-Titanium Oxide Scaffolds Made by the Polymeric Sponge Method
Authors: Galdino A.G.S. , Zavaglia Cecília A.C.
Published: August 2012

Along decades, bioceramics have been used as materials for bone reconstruction, where hydroxyapatite is one of the most used bioceramics. But hydroxyapatite mechanical strength is not so high when compared with another bioceramics. This research aimed to characterize hydroxyapatite-titanium oxide scaffolds with different compositions. Samples were made using a polyurethane sponge with compositions of 70%-30% wt., 60%-40% wt. and 50%-50% wt. of hydroxyapatite-titanium oxide, calcined at 550°C for burning the polymeric sponge and sintered at 1250°C, 1300°C and 1350°C. Samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Results showed that all compositions maintained the polymeric sponge pores structure without any residual traces of the polymeric sponge. Those results are in accordance with technical literature and it is indicated to do in vitro essays to study the scaffolds biocompatibility for using as bone reconstruction materials.
Primary Implant Stability in Calcium Phosphate Cement: Clinical, Radiographic and Histological Analysis
Authors: Coutinho Vânia Barbosa , Silva José Alberto , Santos Luís Alberto , Fook Marcus Vinícius Lia
Published: August 2012

The Calcium Phosphate Cement (CFC) has been used as filling material for bone defects because of osteoconductivity properties, bioactivity and biocompatibility. Recent studies, mostly in animals, indicate its use as an adjunct to treatment with osseointegrated implants. Thus this work aims reporting the event in which post-extraction socket was filled with CFC-based α-tricalcium phosphate and calcium sulfate and after four months, the implant was installed through the cement which was not reabsorbed with good primary stability. Upon reopening of the implants after six months, the clinical appearance of peri-implant region was considered normal. Radiographically, there wasnt radiopaque appearance of CFCs in the alveolar region of the test anymore. Histologically, remaining CFC in direct contact with bone without intervening fibrous connective tissue was noticed. Its concluded that the CFC showed osteoconductive behavior. The material tested seems to be an acceptable option for filling the post-extraction socket with the purpose of maintaining bone volume, however, more research is needed to generalize the indication.