bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of a personalized video and an automated two-way text-messaging system in oral hygiene motivation: the GoPerio Randomized controlled trial (Preprint)
Authors: Pochelu Florian , Garyga Valentin , Chacun Doriane , Benali Radhia , Thivichon-Prince Béatrice , Aouini Walid , Santamaria Julie , Lambert France , Maucort-Boulch Delphine , Gueyffier François , Gritsch Kerstin , Grosgogeat Brigitte
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

Compliance to oral hygiene is an important aspect in the treatment of periodontal disease. The use of behavioral techniques such as motivational interviewing is of great interest both in primary and secondary prevention of periodontal disease. However, it was shown that patients forget 40-80% of the information given during a medical consultation and up to 50% of what they think to remember is incorrect. An innovative eHealth solution (personalized video of oral hygiene routine available for the patient via a cloud server + interactive text messages) could help overcoming these difficulties.

OBJECTIVE

The primary objective was to evaluate whether the addition of an eHealth solution to the standard of care (SOC) could improve oral hygiene after an 8 weeks follow-up. The improvement of gingival inflammation after 8 weeks of follow-up was the main secondary objective.

METHODS

This study is a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. Participants were randomized with a 1:1 allocation ratio: test group (eHealth + SOC) versus control group (SOC only). The minimum sample size required was 86 participants. The primary outcome was the full mouth (six sites per tooth) plaque control record (PCR) index, using a plaque disclosing agent. The main secondary outcome was the full mouth (six sites per tooth) bleeding on probing (BOP) index. Both the primary and the main secondary outcomes were evaluated by blinded and calibrated examiners at baseline and at 8 weeks of follow-up.

RESULTS

No significant difference was shown between the two groups for the PCR (p=0.882) and BOP (p=0.848). However, a 10.4% decrease of the PCR was found in the test group (11% in the control group) as well as a 7.7% decrease of the BOP (8.4% in the control group). The patient satisfaction was high in both groups (74.5% in the test group and 70.3% in the control group).

CONCLUSIONS

This 8-weeks multicenter randomized clinical trial of an eHealth solution for oral hygiene motivation failed to show a clinical benefit in terms of plaque control or gingival inflammation. However, the patient satisfaction was high, and this study was the first to demonstrate the technical and clinical feasibility of this concept.

CLINICALTRIAL

NCT03109808

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.1186/s13063-019-3738-0
A User-Focused Evaluation of a Clinical Decision Support System for Monitoring Cancer Patient Evolution: Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chyzhyk Darya , Arregi Maddi , Errazquin Maria , Ariceta Ainhoa , Sevilla Macarena , Álvarez Roberto , Alberich Maider
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

Patients with cancer consistently face undesired effects that commonly result in the experience of Adverse Events which negatively impact their overall well-being and quality of life. Therefore, it is crucial having a clinical decision support system that allows monitoring patient’s evolution proactively to prevent and manage complications. However, the success of such systems depends not only on their functionality but also on their usability. Usability evaluation plays a pivotal role in assessing the capacity of these products to be effectively used in real-world scenarios.

OBJECTIVE

This research aims to thoroughly test the usability and user-friendliness of Step Proactive medical device, Adverse Events management platform for cancer patients and medical professionals.

METHODS

Methodology employed for usability and satisfaction assessment involved a mixed method approach to obtain a comprehensive understanding of participants experience and objective measure of usability. The test involved usability testing and the System Usability Scale (SUS) evaluation. The testing was conducted with a diverse group of participants, of 6 patients with and six Healthcare Professionals (HCPs).

RESULTS

The obtained SUS score exceeded 85% for both user groups, classifying Step Proactive as grade A and indicating superior performance of the product from user-perceived usability.

CONCLUSIONS

The assessed digital health medical device demonstrates excellent usability and safety for oncology patients and HCPs. Based on the received constructive feedback, minor improvements were identified for further refinement of the application that do not affect either its intended functionality or overall functioning of the tool.
A Semantic Approach to Describe Social and Economic Characteristics That Impact Health Outcomes (Social Determinants of Health): Ontology Development Study (Preprint)
Authors: Dally Daniela , Amith Muhammad , Mauldin Rebecca L , Thomas Latisha , Dang Yifang , Tao Cui
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

Social determinants of health (SDoH) have been described by the World Health Organization as the conditions in which individuals are born, live, work, and age. These conditions can be grouped into 3 interrelated levels known as macrolevel (societal), mesolevel (community), and microlevel (individual) determinants. The scope of SDoH expands beyond the biomedical level, and there remains a need to connect other areas such as economics, public policy, and social factors.

OBJECTIVE

Providing a computable artifact that can link health data to concepts involving the different levels of determinants may improve our understanding of the impact SDoH have on human populations. Modeling SDoH may help to reduce existing gaps in the literature through explicit links between the determinants and biological factors. This in turn can allow researchers and clinicians to make better sense of data and discover new knowledge through the use of semantic links.

METHODS

An experimental ontology was developed to represent knowledge of the social and economic characteristics of SDoH. Information from 27 literature sources was analyzed to gather concepts and encoded using Web Ontology Language, version 2 (OWL2) and Protégé. Four evaluators independently reviewed the ontology axioms using natural language translation. The analyses from the evaluations and selected terminologies from the Basic Formal Ontology were used to create a revised ontology with a broad spectrum of knowledge concepts ranging from the macrolevel to the microlevel determinants.

RESULTS

The literature search identified several topics of discussion for each determinant level. Publications for the macrolevel determinants centered around health policy, income inequality, welfare, and the environment. Articles relating to the mesolevel determinants discussed work, work conditions, psychosocial factors, socioeconomic position, outcomes, food, poverty, housing, and crime. Finally, sources found for the microlevel determinants examined gender, ethnicity, race, and behavior. Concepts were gathered from the literature and used to produce an ontology consisting of 383 classes, 109 object properties, and 748 logical axioms. A reasoning test revealed no inconsistent axioms.

CONCLUSIONS

This ontology models heterogeneous social and economic concepts to represent aspects of SDoH. The scope of SDoH is expansive, and although the ontology is broad, it is still in its early stages. To our current understanding, this ontology represents the first attempt to concentrate on knowledge concepts that are currently not covered by existing ontologies. Future direction will include further expanding the ontology to link with other biomedical ontologies, including alignment for granular semantics.
Hypertension in chronic kidney disease — treatment standard 2023
Authors: Georgianos Panagiotis I , Agarwal Rajiv
Published: September 2023

No abstract
Etiological features of urinary tract infections in pregnant women: current state of the problem
Authors: Myroshnychenko M.S. , Mishyn Yu.M. , Pasiyeshvili N.M. , Kapustnyk N.V. , Mishyna M.M. , Mozgova Yu.A. , Marchenko I.A. , Myroshnychenko S.O.
Published: September 2023

Background. Urinary tract infections in pregnant wo­men occupy a leading place in the structure of extragenital patho­logy. The purpose of the study is to determine the etiological features of urinary tract infections in pregnant women. Materials and ­methods. The study included 89 pregnant women with urinary tract infections. The material for microbiological research was urine, the samples of which were collected on the day of hospitalization of a pregnant woman before treatment. Identification of microorganisms was carried out with the use of ­MIKROLATEST® test systems (Erba Lachema, Czech Republic). Preparation of bacterial suspensions with a certain concentration of microbial cells was carried out using Densi-La-Meter electronic device (PLIVA-Lachema a.s., Czech Republic) according to the McFarland scale. Optical density was measured using a Multiskan EX microplate reader (type 355). Results. Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the leading pathogens of urinary tract infections in pregnant women of the Kharkiv region; Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Streptococcus pyogenes are predominant ones. The selected spectrum of etiological factors of urinary tract infections does not depend on the age of a pregnant woman. In the etiological structure of the urinary tract infections in pregnant women, Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis take the first and the second place during the first three trimesters of pregnancy. The third place in the first trimester belongs to Enterococcus faecalis, in the second trimester — to Proteus vulgaris and Streptococcus pyogenes, in the third trimester — to Streptococcus pyogenes. The etiological structure of urinary tract infections in pregnant women is determined by the topography of the inflammatory process. Thus, in women with asymptomatic bacteriuria, Proteus mirabilis takes the first place, Escherichia coli — the second place, Proteus vulgaris and Enterococcus faecalis — the third place; in acute pyelonephritis, the first place belongs to Escherichia coli, the second place to Streptococcus pyogenes, the third place to Proteus mirabilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae; in urethritis, Escherichia coli takes the first place, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae — the second place, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris — the third place; in cystitis, the first place belongs to Escherichia coli, the second place to Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusions. The etiological features of urinary tract infections with different topography of the inflammatory process of bacterial etiology determined by the authors must be taken into account in the treatment of this category of pregnant women.
Analisis dampak perubahan penggunaan lahan terhadap kualitas lingkungan permukiman di Kapanewon Depok
Authors: Rahmawati Amalia , Arif Nursida
Published: September 2023

Konversi lahan menjadi permukiman di Kapanewon Depok terjadi secara intensif sehingga memicu terjadinya penurunan kualitas lingkungan permukiman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis dampak perubahan penggunaan lahan terhadap kualitas lingkungan permukiman. Parameter kualitas lingkungan permukiman dan penggunaan lahan didapatkan melalui interpretasi citra Quickbird. Uji ketelitian hasil interpretasi menggunakan metode confusion matrix. Penilaian kualitas lingkungan permukiman menggunakan metode scoring. Uji t-test digunakan untuk melihat dampak dari perubahan penggunaan lahan terhadap kualitas lingkungan permukiman. Hasil menunjukkan perubahan penggunaan lahan sawah dan semak belukar menjadi permukiman sangat tinggi selama periode 2010 - 2020 .Kualitas lingkungan permukiman pada tahun 2020 di dominasi kelas buruk dengan pola mengelompok. Permukiman yang berada di sepanjang sungai dengan tumpukan sampah menjadi lingkungan permukiman paling buruk. Lingkungan permukiman kelas buruk meningkat lebih dari 500% selama periode ini. Urbanisasi dan kawasan pendidikan menjadi pemicu konversi lahan menjadi area permukiman yang berdampak pada menurunnya kualitas lingkungan permukiman.
The Dusty Wakeful Eyes in Adam’s The Sexual Politics of Meat
Authors: Beigi Mohsen Zohrab , Afrougheh Dr. Shahram
Published: September 2023

Within the anthropocentric possibility, where the human being as a part of subjectivity has power to determine the status of subgroups including the environment, animal species, or to neglect the sanctuary of the existence of women, Derrida’s carnophallogocentric concept is more interrelated with ecological attitudes. Along the same lines, Carol J. Adam’s The Sexual Politics of Meat awakens awareness of the deforestation, exploitation, abuse, and injustice deeply rooted in the dominance, discourse and causes of the dark fates of both women and non-human animals. Furthermore, it renders new articles for equalities, justices, rights, idealism and even responsibilities which they are all settling down in the heart of Gifford’s post-pastoral literature. She recalls a utopian zoon or what Gifford calls Arcadia wherein both humans and other creatures possess their own realm. Therefore, the aims of this article take into account, either explicitly or implicitly, both Derrida’s constitutive concept and three of six central features of post-pastoralism, including an awe in attention to the natural world, awareness of culture as nature, and potential abuse of nature as the same of women and minorities.
Чагатайские и тимуридские панцирные нарукавья последней трети XIV – начала XVI в. и их дериваты
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University (1, Pirogov St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation), Bobrov Leonid A.
Published: September 2023

Introduction. The article deals with plated (lamellar) armguards (‘oversleeves’) used by warriors of the Chagatai Ulus and the Timurid Empire. Goals. The study aims to identify key trends in the evolution of plated armguards across the Chagatai Ulus, the empire of Amir Timur, and the Timurid states in the late 14th to early 16th centuries. Results. The study reveals oversleeve-type armguards were not that rare and exotic in the then armour patterns as is sometimes believed, and for several centuries the former successfully competed with vambraces and other armour elements supposed to protect shoulders and forearms. In a historical perspective, the late medieval armguards proved somewhat manifested optimization and modernization of the imperial-era ‘Genghisid’ armour from the 13th and 14th centuries. The High and Late Middle Ages, as well as early modern times, witnessed the use of segmented armguards by armoured warriors across Southern Siberia, West, Central, South, and mainland East Asia. However, evolutionary trends were distinguished by certain specifics in different regions. Such armguards existed mainly in the mid-14th to early 16th centuries. The oversleeve-type armguards were evolutionarily drifting toward the optimization of plate embedding patterns (belts be replaced by rivets), as well as a gradual increase in the elasticity of this armour element via plate size reduction. The latter made it possible to place plates in several rows and expand the protected area up to the wrist. The final stage in the development of such plated armguards across the Muslim East was mail and plate ‘sleeves’. Segmented armguards could be worn with body armour characterized by different plate embedding structures (i.e., plates riveted, sewn, laced or connected with pieces of chainmail, as well as onto chainmail only). The main consumers of long plated oversleeve-type armguards in troops of Timur and Timurids were representatives of the nobility and line officers. Conclusions. The plated armguards were left behind by Central Asian communities as a result of transformed local military traditions in the aftermath of the collapse of the Timurid states in the early 16th century.
Благотворительная деятельность мусульманского купечества Казахстана в XIX – начале XX в.
Authors:   Federal Center for Psychological and Interdisciplinary Research (12, Isaev St., 420039 Kazan, Russian Federation), Makhmutov Zufar A. , Titova Tatiana A. ,   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University (18, Kremlevskaya St., 420008 Kazan, Russian Federation)
Published: September 2023

Introduction. The 19th century witnessed the emergence of a powerful Muslim merchant class in the steppe zone of Imperial Russia. Those were ethnic Tatars, Kazakhs, Sarts, Bukharans, Uighurs, and Shala Kazakhs based in Petropavlovsk and Semipalatinsk. Goals. The work aims to identify outcomes of charitable activities undertaken by Muslim merchants. Another objective is to distinguish the specifics of charity efforts and the latter’s main directions. Material and methods. The paper investigates documents housed at the Central State Archive of Kazakhstan, Historical Archive of Omsk Oblast, National Archive (former Central State Historical Archive) of Bashkortostan, Russian State Historical Archive, Archive of North Kazakhstan Region, and pre-revolutionary periodicals, reports of Muslim charitable societies, reference and encyclopedic materials. The study employs both general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization) and special historical research methods (comparative-historical and retrospective ones). Results. The paper outlines key directions of Muslim charities in the steppe, namely: social support, enlightening and educational endeavors. Muslim merchant benefactors tended to meet not only intra-confessional needs but also nationwide ones too. And while the imperial administration did welcome the assistance from entrepreneurs in solving country-wide problems, Muslim philanthropy would still face a number of obstacles. Officials were reluctant enough to grant permits for mosque constructions, inclined to limit the functioning of madrassas and charitable organizations, banned waqfs. However, despite all the bureaucratic and administrative barriers Muslims did manage to create a coherent system of funding their needs.
Древние некрополи Ергенинской возвышенности: палео­демографическое исследование населения катакомбной культуры (по материалам археологических раскопок 1981–2008 гг.)
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Bembeeva Lyubov  A. , Lidzhikova Tatyana V. ,   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation)
Published: September 2023

Introduction. The paper is a continuation of the authors’ study dealing with the Middle Bronze Age population in Kalmykia. The study focuses on anthropological material from burials of the Catacomb culture within kurgan groups investigated in the Yergeni Upland. Goals. The article attempts a paleodemographic analysis of the population from four archaeological sites. Insights into general demographic conditions of the then population have been facilitated by anthropological material from burials of the mentioned era discovered in the Don and Azov regions of Rostov Oblast. The identification of pathological features, markers of physiological stress, and traces of traumas on bones makes it possible to depict an overall picture of living conditions experienced by representatives of the considered group. Results. Our paleodemographic analysis reveals the group was characterized by a very low lifespan (22.7 yrs) which resulted from the high infant mortality — 46,2 % of the investigated remains belong to children. The bulk of deceased adults are aged 30 to 40. Such figures are considered typical of Middle Bronze Age populations.
Шаманские лечебные обряды западных бурят
Authors:   Gorodovikov Kalmyk State University (11, St. Pushkin, 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Dampilova Liudmila S. ,   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the RAS (6, Sakhyanova St., 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation), Khabunova Evdokia E. ,   Gorodovikov Kalmyk State University (11, St. Pushkin, 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Elbikova Balzira V. ,   Gorodovikov Kalmyk State University (11, St. Pushkin, 358000 Elista, Russian Federation)
Published: September 2023

Introduction. In the Buryat tradition, healing was a most common function attributed to shamans. The main pragmatic aspect of healing depends on the semiotic component of a ritual, communicative connection with the other world being a key indicative. Healing practices of Turko-Mongolian shamans were distinguished by that rituals were accompanied by spells aimed at propitiating or neutralizing spirits of disease to be communicated with during the ritual. Goals. The study seeks to analyze archival shamanic verbal materials of Western Buryats once articulated in the course of utilitarian pragmatic ritual efforts supposed to treat the sick. The Buryat shamanic practices have not yet been considered in this perspective. Materials and methods. The work involves scientific and methodological experiences of scientists who had investigated main issues of traditional Mongolian medicines from historical and ethnographic perspectives. The paper approaches medical practices of Mongols in the context of religious and mythological ideas. The main research method is the semantic-hermeneutical analysis of verbal material. Results. Shamanic healing practices of Buryats are ritual and magical activities serving to propitiate and appease the mythological spirit of disease. The shaman/shamaness implement no therapeutic measures, they only somewhat actualize some magical functions aimed at eliminating causes of the disease. Conclusions. Semiotic rituals are main elements of a ritual performance; the ritual basis of Buryat shamanic healing practices is essentially monotypic, and rests on belief in magical powers of word and ritual; the actual types of rituals implemented during treatment correspond to main calendar and life-cycle rituals. The healing ritual uses rudiments and fragments of earlier healing methods preserved in the folk tradition.
Indigenismo y Marxismo en América Latina
Authors: Saladino García Alberto
Published: September 2023

Esta obra expone la problemática del indio latinoamericano según la perspectiva de tres estudiosos marxistas -Vicente Lombardo Toledadno, José Antonio Arze y Arze y José Carlos Mariátegui- quienes lo ubican como elemento de la clase trabajadora, y el último de ellos le asigna el papel de sujeto histórico con potencial revolucionario. Esos análisis preceden la revisión histórica sobre la situación del indio y las interpretaciones premarxistas construidas por el pensamiento latinoamericano.
Filosofía y pueblos indígenas. Derechos humanos en América Latina
Authors: Guerrero Guerrero Ana Luisa
Published: September 2023

Esta obra reune los trabajos de investigación sobre lo derechos humanos de los pueblos indígenas frente a las siguientes interrogantes: ¿por qué son importantes los derechos humanos en nuestras sociedades? ¿cuáles son los pendientes en torno a los derechos humanos en Latinoamérica, en específico con los pueblos indígeneas? ¿qué ideas etico-políticas y jurídicas se encuentran involucradas en el rechazo o negación de la dignidad de los derechos humanos de los pueblos indígenas?
Genealogía del estado desde América Latina. La invención del Estado-Nación
Authors: Núñez Rodríguez Juan Carlos
Published: September 2023

Es pertinente desarrollar la discusión respecto al Estadodesde una perspectiva genealógica, tal y como Midhel Foucault la realiza, en ella se pueden comprender distintas formas y maneras de abordar el análisis del Estado. Esta obra plantea un aspecto poco trabajador pero que resulta de suma importancia para un análisis del Estado desde América Latina. Su pertinencia radica en que aborda el Estado como una invención, es decir que no es una realidad trascendental, ni un dato empírico, es un constructo del saber político, de la filosofía política, que surge como un intento de dar inteligibilidad a un conjunto de instituciones y de prácticas de poder.
Imaginarios del anticolonialismo caribeño del siglo XX
Authors: Vargas Canales Margarita Aurora
Published: September 2023

El presente libro indaga en los imaginarios del anticolonialismo caribeño del siglo XX. Está conformado por ocho capítulos donde, desde diferentes perspectivas disciplinarias, se aborda el tema. Todos los autores son miembros del proyecto de investigación "El pensamiento anticolonialista en el caribe insular francófono: 1950-1982" (PAPIIT IN401815). En la obra transluce cómo el Caribe, esa región circundada de mar, sigue palpitando, luchando, levantándose tras huracanes y terremotos; sus escritores e intelectuales se siguen cuestionando, denunciando y construyendo estrategias de lucha. El pensamiento anticolonial sigue vigente en muchos de ellos: a veces como un susurro, a veces como un silencio; en otras ocasiones, como un grito o un estallido.
Fructosa, ese dulce enemigo
Authors: Franco-Pérez Javier
Published: September 2023

En las últimas décadas, el consumo de fructosa en México se ha incrementado dramáticamente. Este azúcar se utiliza como endulzante en refrescos, jugos embotellados, cereales, panadería, lácteos y caramelos. Su consumo diario está asociado con el desarrollo de síndrome metabólico, diabetes, obesidad y con efectos dañinos en el cerebro, que alteran el apetito, el ciclo sueño-vigilia, la neurogénesis, el aprendizaje y la memoria. El objetivo de este artículo es describir la gran variedad de efectos nocivos para la salud generados por el consumo excesivo de fructosa.
La educación 4.0 en la profesionalización del turismo: una revisión teórica en la enseñanza del sector
Authors: Salinas López María Tatiana , Ahumada López Ernesto R. , Testón Franco Nancy
Published: September 2023

La Cuarta Revolución Industrial es un fenómeno que incide en el turismo, provocando una revolución tecnológica, de competencias y conocimientos. Donde la Educación 4.0 da respuesta al desarrollo de competencias y habilidades como: resolver problemas, trabajar en equipo, comunicación, adaptabilidad, inteligencia emocional, pensamiento crítico y habilidades tecnológicas, que se requieren en el sector. Es por ello que en este artículo se analiza a la Educación 4.0, el turismo y la implementación para la profesionalización, como una alternativa para atender los requerimientos de un mercado laboral altamente cambiante y demandante. La metodología aplicada para la revisión teórica se realizó por medio de bibliometría donde se identificaron los principales autores y la posibilidad para implementarse en la actividad turística y se utilizó un método descriptivo. Finalmente, los resultados arrojan las ventajas que la Educación 4.0 aporta en la profesionalización del turismo adaptándolas con las necesidades del mercado laboral.
La decadencia de la investigación de campo y su impacto en la conservación
Authors: Ríos-Saldaña Carlos Antonio , Ferreira Catarina C. , Delibes-Mateos Miguel
Published: September 2023

La investigación de campo es fundamental para mejorar nuestra comprensión de cómo se pueden reconocer, mitigar o evitar los impactos humanos en los sistemas biológicos. Sin embargo, la investigación de campo empírica ha perdido peso en las últimas décadas en relación con otros análisis. No obstante, instrumentos importantes para ayudar a establecer prioridades nacionales y globales en la conservación de la biodiversidad pueden verse gravemente obstaculizados por la disminución de la toma de datos de observación sólidos, que habitualmente son recopilados a través de la investigación de campo. Sostenemos que una aparente disminución en las investigaciones basadas en el trabajo de campo es el resultado de presiones de abajo hacia arriba, incluidas las asociadas con la publicación de artículos científicos y los sistemas de recompensas académicas, mientras que un segundo grupo de factores actúa de arriba hacia abajo, impulsado por las necesidades y prioridades actuales de la sociedad. Instamos a los investigadores, financiadores y revistas científicas, a comprometerse a realizar, financiar y divulgar, respectivamente, investigaciones de campo relevantes.
Dime cómo bebes y te diré qué riesgo tienes: prevención del consumo excesivo de alcohol
Authors: González Esqueda Aranzazú , Vacio Muro Ma. de los Ángeles , Salazar Garza Martha Leticia
Published: September 2023

Seguramente, en diversas ocasiones has escuchado sobre la importancia de consumir alcohol de manera responsable. No obstante, es complicado que entre tus conocidos encuentres a alguien capaz de aclarar con precisión lo que esto implica. En este artículo, encontrarás información relevante sobre el consumo de alcohol en nuestro país y las razones que llevan a las personas a beber en exceso. También desmentiremos algunos mitos comunes acerca del consumo excesivo de alcohol, los cuales seguramente has escuchado. Por último, proporcionaremos detalles sobre los niveles de consumo y las consecuencias negativas asociadas a cada uno, para ayudarte a determinar si lo más adecuado es abstenerse de beber alcohol o si es posible hacerlo de manera moderada y responsable.
Singulto persistente en dos pacientes con infección por SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Miguel-Álvarez Adriana
Published: September 2023

In the current COVID-19 pandemic, unusual manifestations such as rhabdomyolysis and acute encephalomyelitis have been described. One of the atypical presentations of COVID-19 is hiccups, which are involuntary repetitive contractions of the intercostal muscles and diaphragm, whose origin can be gastrointestinal, neurogenic, or infectious due to tuberculosis, influenza, among others. This report describes the cases of two patients in whom the main symptom for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, was hiccups associated with a pattern of bilateral pulmonary involvement; a review of the literature is included. Keywords: Singulto; hiyccups; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; atypical manifestations.
Haga su diagnóstico
Authors: Frías Almaraz Julián Felipe
Published: September 2023

28 years old female patient, no significant pathological history reported, went to the emergency department with pain of type colic on the right flank, nausea and fever. Abdominal tomography was indicated with intravenous contrast.
Del colegio a la imprenta: el tratado a manera de diálogo de fray Juan de Gaona
Authors: Sánchez Aguilera Mario Alberto
Published: September 2023

En 1582, el franciscano Miguel de Zárate llevó a la imprenta la obra hoy conocida como Colloquios de la paz y tranquilidad christiana, alrededor de 40 años después de que fray Juan de Gaona y sus discípulos compusieran su primera versión, de la cual actualmente sabemos muy poco. El presente trabajo explora, a partir de la traducción íntegra de dos versiones manuscritas que han llegado a nosotros y la del impreso de 1582, la manera en que este diálogo fue mudando con el paso del tiempo, en su forma y contenido, hasta llegar a la imprenta. Por los temas que aborda, el público al que estaba dirigido y los artífices del tratado, representa una fuente histórica de valor inestimable para comprender las estrategias de enseñanza y los modelos educativos que implementaron los franciscanos en el Colegio de la Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco, lugar para el cual se compuso esta obra.
Learners’ Misconceptions and Errors when Solving Inequalities
Authors: Mutodi Paul , Mosimege Mogege , Maphutha Kgaladi
Published: September 2023

This study explored Grade 12 learners’ misconceptions and errors when solving inequalities. A test on Inequalities was administered to a randomly selected sample of 50 Grade 12 learners in Sekhukhune District, South Africa. A rubric was used to guide the assessment and scoring of learners’ scripts. Ten (10) learners were purposively selected  based  their  test  responses for interviews to explain their errors, misconceptions and reasoning. Results indicated that learners’ errors are due to misunderstandings from prior learning and insufficient mathematical content knowledge. Misconceptions and errors recorded from learners’ work include: learners solved inequalities as equations, treated inequality signs as an equal sign, and multiplying both sides of inequalities involving fractions by a variable. Learners had challenges in  presenting solutions of  inequalities using graphical and number lines. The study recommends that teachers should make an effort to understand learners’ thought processes and use this understanding to anticipate learners’ misconceptions and errors and prescribe remediation corrective strategies.
Impacto psicológico en las madres sobre el riesgo de enfermedad renal crónica en sus hijos
Authors: Cárdenas Aguilera Juan Guillermo , Chacón Acevedo Kelly Rocío , López López Erika
Published: September 2023

Contexto: los nacimientos prematuros y el bajo peso al nacer se han descrito como factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de enfermedad renal crónica. Las madres son susceptibles de desarrollar alteraciones psicosociales ante el diagnóstico de sus hijos.
Objetivo: evaluar el impacto psicológico de las madres canguro ante el riesgo de enfermedad renal crónica en sus hijos prematuros o de bajo peso al nacer, así como describir sus experiencias frente a esta situación.
Metodología: estudio mixto con componente cuantitativo de corte transversal y cualitativo de tipo fenomenológico. Se incluyeron madres con hijos que presentaron bajo peso al nacer o prematurez en riesgo de enfermedad renal crónica. Los desenlaces principales fueron la frecuencia de ansiedad, depresión y estrés parental medidos con instrumentos estandarizados. También se describen las categorías emergentes de la experiencia reportada por las madres.
Resultados: se incluyeron 27 madres en el periodo de análisis, cuyo promedio de edad fue de 27,11 ± 6,93 años. El 51,85?% eran inmigrantes y la totalidad pertenecían al estrato socioeconómico bajo. Para el 100?% de las madres se identificó algún nivel de ansiedad, donde el 44,44?% tenía depresión moderada y el 29,63?% depresión mínima, además, la mediana de puntaje en la escala de estrés parental fue de 89 puntos. Dentro de las categorías emergentes del análisis fenomenológico se encontró el afrontamiento, la culpa, la confianza, la fe y la esperanza, el apoyo, la interacción social y el rol familiar, entre otras.
Conclusiones: la condición de riesgo de enfermedad renal crónica en hijos impacta la condición emocional y psicológica de las madres, generando en la mayoría de los casos estrés, ansiedad o depresión. La identificación oportuna de estas alteraciones permitirá brindar a las madres consejería y acompañamiento de salud mental y orientación en el cuidado de sus hijos.
All About Pitavastatin: Ten Questions And Answers
Authors: Fici Francesco , Faikoglu Gokhan , Saygisever-Faikoglu Kubra , Uskur Tugce , Berk Barkın , Yillar Dundar Okan
Published: September 2023

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Assessment of rheumatoid arthritis and associated risk factors among patients attending Kibungo level two teaching hospital
Authors: Munezero Pierre Celestin , Mukiza Pacifique , Mutijima Jean Berchmas , Kankindi Janviere , Nshimiyimana Alexis , Ishimwe Alain Prudence , Tuyishime Jean de Dieu , Sinumvayo Jean Paul , Ndayambaje Francois Xavier , Ndacyayisenga Joseph
Published: September 2023

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints, but can affect other parts of the body causing inflammation, pain, stiffness, and joint damage. It affects approximately 1% of the global population. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis and risk factors associated with rheumatoid arthritis among patients attending Kibungo level two teaching hospital. The retrospective study extracted data from January, 2018 to January 2023 and the cross-sectional part assessed risk factors associated to rheumatoid arthritis using questionnaire by telephone calls. Data collected were analyzed statistically using SPSS version 25. In this study the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis was 43.20%. Across sex, females were more affected than males (44.2% and 40.0%, respectively). Binary logistic regression was used to assess the association between RA and risk factors. Age groups, C-Reactive Protein, red meat consumption showed significant association with RA (OR = 1.566, p = 0.008; OR = 1.299, p = 0.013; OR = 2.599, p < 0.001). The study was limited since it only included the participants at Kibungo Level two Teaching hospital, hence not having large population. Carrying out country wide studies regarding to the rheumatoid arthritis and associated risk factors on large population in order to establish epidemiologic data in Rwanda is  highly recommended.

Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis, risk factors, C-Reactive Protein, Rheumatoid Factor
Purple bag unmasking disguised Urinary tract infection
Authors: Sharma Sanjeev , Tanwar Digvijay Singh , Kumar Manjeet
Published: September 2023

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Fecal carriage of extended spectrum beta-lactamase and fluoroquinolone resistant gene in non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica isolates from food-producing animals and humans
Authors: Nwosu Uchenna Ogbu , Ibiam Francis Amadi , Amadi-Ibiam Christiana Onyemaechi , Iroha Chidinma Stacy , Edemekong Christiana Inuaesiet , Peter Ikemesit Udeme , Iroha Ifeanyichukwu Romanus
Published: September 2023

This study seeks to determine the feacal carriage of extended spectrum beta-lactamase and fluoroquinolone resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica isolates from food-producing animals and humans.  A total of three hundred (300) fecal samples were collected using sterile universal containers from food-producing animals namely (Chicken [100], Pig [100] and humans (100) from Onicha Local Government Area of Ebonyi State and analyzed for the presence of non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica using standard microbiological techniques.  Phenotypic detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) were done by disc diffusion and Double Disk Synergy Test. Molecular characterization for ESBL and fluoroquinolone-resistant genes were done by PCR with specific primers. The result shows that non-typhoidal Salmonella species (NTS) accounted for 25 % and 17 % in poultry and pig fecal sample respectively while 60 % and 40% were phenotypic ESBL producers respectively. When compared statistically there is significant difference among isolates confirmed ESBL-positive (P˂ 0.05). Also, none of the 16 (58 %) NTS isolated from humans harbored ESBL phenotype. PCR analysis with β-lactam specific primer detected the presence of blaOXA 50 % and 50 %, blaSHV 36 %, and 64 %, blaTEM 43 % and 57 %, blaCTX-M 36 % and 64 % in poultry and pig respectively. Fluoroquinolone resistant gene QnrA was present in 0 and 100 % of poultry and pig respectively. QnrB was 40 % and 60 % in poultry and pig isolates respectively. QnrS was present in 64 % isolates of poultry and 13 % isolates in pig. The high prevalence of genes encoding beta-lactamases and fluoroquinolone resistance (TEM, SHV, CTX-M and OXA, (qnrA, qnrB and qnrS) were present more in poultry and pig than in humans and demonstrate a significant public health threat from consumption of food-producing animal harboring such pathogenic resistant genotype if not properly controlled.

Keywords: Extended spectrum beta-lactamase, Fluoroquinolone, non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica, feacal carriage
An Improved Cell Culture Process for Production of Omalizumab
Authors: Bhavsar Kaumil , Joshi Kasuhal , Patel Ghanshyam , Vaishnav Parth , Narayan Om , Sharma Abhishek , Katrodiya Hetal , Dave Vivek , Rawal Chandramauli
Published: September 2023

The demand for biopharmaceutical products such as monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), fusion proteins, viral vaccines, and hormones is rapidly increasing. Mammalian cell cultures with ease of process operations are adopted to get the desired product. The challenges of low productivity and impurities in the desired product can be eliminated by optimizing the process parameters. The present study focuses on the optimization of temperature with other parameters to achieve improved titer and reduced heterogeneity in Omalizumab. An anti-IgE antibody expressed in mammalian cell culture.  It is noticed that maintaining a specific temperature of 36.5° C ± 0.5 and pH 6.8± 0.1 during fed-batch cell culture provides improved quality (reduced galactosylation and reduced acidic variants) and quantity (improved titer) of the Omalizumab.

Keywords: antibody, omalizumab, mammalian cells, acidic variants
A study to assess the knowledge and practice regarding sanitation and hygiene among women in parts of Delhi, India
Authors: Khan Noman , Raza Rahat , Khan Rashidulla , Ahmed Farah , Urooj Shaista , Chishti Danish K
Published: September 2023

Background:  Poor hygienic practices, inadequate water supply, and poor sanitary conditions play a major role in the spread of infectious diseases. So, safe drinking water and basic sanitation is of crucial importance to the prevention of health problems.

Objects: To study the knowledge, attitude, and practices related to drinking water and sanitation facilities among the urban slum population of different areas of Delhi.

Design: Open label, observational, non-randomized, community-based study.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate the knowledge of 297 females of different slum areas of Delhi regarding sanitation and hygiene, their attitude, and practices were collected using a previously validated questionnaire. The data obtained was analyzed on MS Office (Excel).

Major Outcome: Major Outcome: Findings of the study showed that 42% of the subjects had average knowledge and 75 % of the subjects followed unsafe practices on water, sanitation and hygiene.

Result: The study was conducted on 297 housewives having mean age as 34.14 years living mostly in joint family with 6000- 12000 monthly family income. 76.4% had toilet in their household but lack proper water disposal system.

Conclusion: Conclusion: The knowledge and practice on hygiene and sanitation among the households of slum areas of Delhi was found to be satisfactory. This study found significant association between knowledge, practice, age, education, occupation, family income per month. It was observed that young women had good knowledge however financial constrains rule the roast.

Keywords: Sanitation and hygiene; Knowledge; Attitude; Practices, WASH.
Formulation and Optimization of Matrix Tablets Based on Spirulina and Vitamin C
Authors: ASSANHOU Assogba Gabin , AGBOKPONTO Engelbert Janvier , GANFON Habib , KASSEHIN Urbain Comlan , GBESSINON Miguel , AHYI Virgile , YEMOA Loconon Y.  Achille , GBAGUIDI Fernand Ahokanou
Published: September 2023

Spirulina is a type of algae widely consumed around the world as a dietary supplement due to its great nutritional potential. However, it does not contain vitamin C, a vital vitamin for the proper functioning of the human body, particularly given its immunostimulant potential. The objective of this work was to formulate sustained release spirulina–vitamin C matrix tablets that would enhance particularly a prolonged release and better absorption of vitamin C. A galenic formula based only on vitamin C was made, and then the proportion of vitamin C was reduced in favor of spirulina powder. The manufactured tablets were then subjected to various pharmacopeial quality control tests. The results of these tests showed a good distribution of the powder mixtures in the formulated tablets (i.e., mass uniformity test) and satisfactory outcomes were found for the content uniformity, disintegration and dissolution tests (with 45 % of vitamin C dissolved after 4 hours). Only the results for the friability test were unsatisfactory, indicating the need to improve the physical properties of the powders before compression. These findings open a new area for developing supplementary dietary.           

Keywords: Spirulina, Vitamin C, Matrix tablet, Quality control.
Evaluation of anti-ulcer activity of the leaf extract of Solanum pubescens willd. (Solanaceae) in Wistar albino Rats
Authors: Tyagi C K , Saha Satendra Kumar , Shah Sunil Kumar
Published: September 2023

The present study showed that the methonolic extract of Solanum pubescens willd leaves possess Anti- ulcer in animal model. The anti-ulcer activity was evaluated against Pylorus ligated ulcers. Gastric ulcer disease is an imbalance between mucosal defense factors (bicarbonate, mucin, prostaglandin, nitric oxide, and other peptides and growth factors) and injurious factors (acid and pepsin). Oral administration of methanol extract of solanum pubescens willd at doses of 200 and 400mg/kg exhibited dose dependent inhibition percentage of 36.28% and 52.3% (p<0.001) respectively compared to the ulcer control, proving the anti-ulcer activity. The standard drug omeprazole (20mg/kg) exhibited percentage inhibition of 70% when compared with ulcer control. Extract treated and ulcer control group was compared with normal control group. Result showed a significant decrease in the ulcer development in the animal models (pylorus ligated model) used in the study. In pylorusligation, both the doses showed significantant ulcer activity by reduction in ulcer index, gastric volume, free acidity, total acidity as compared to the control group. The intensity of heamorrhage and lesions was significantly reduced upon pretreatment with the extract, revealing the protective effect of MESP. Flavonoids and tannins are the major constituents that are present in the leaves of Solanum pubescens willd which may be responsible for its Ulcer- protective and Anti- ulcer activity.

Keywords: Peptic ulcer, Solanum pubescens, Wistar rats, Acute Oral toxicity, ANOVA
A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Virulina® along with standard treatment as per hospital protocol for the treatment of novel coronavirus (COVID-19)
Authors: Sewda Dishya , Totade Manick , Vikram Baburao , Sharma Anil Kumar
Published: September 2023

Background: There is a high priority for the treatment of mild or moderate COVID-19 in an outpatient setting.

Objective:  To test the efficacy, safety and tolerability of Virulina® in mild or moderate COVID-19 patients.

Methods: We carried out a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial involving adult (18-70yrs) mild or moderate COVID-19 patients, randomized 1:1 on Virulina® (3 gm, maximum 14 days) or placebo respectively along with standard-of-care. The primary endpoint was the time taken for nasopharyngeal swab RT-PCR to test negative. And the average change in the ordinal scale from the baseline scores on the eight-point WHO ordinal scale was assessed.

Results: 30 outpatients were selected between 13 July 2020 to 13 August 2020.  93.33% of Virulina® treated patients were virologically cured compared to 53.33% in the placebo group (p= 0.001). The disappearance rates of major symptoms were significantly high in Virulina® plus standard treatment group compared with standard treatment alone.

Conclusion: Virulina® meets the primary and secondary endpoint criteria and exhibits statistically significant efficacy for mild or moderate COVID-19 patients. It is efficacious, safe, and well-tolerated at the tested dosage of 3gm for a maximum of 14 days.

Keywords: COVID-19; herbal medicine; immunomodulation; clinical trial.