bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TELEMEDICINE AS A MEANS TO EXPAND ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES IN LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES: THE EXAMPLE NIGERIA

ABSTRACT
Many countries are exploring and using telemedicine to improve their medical services for the sole purpose of achieving maximum adequate health to their citizens. Nigeria is gradually embracing telemedicine to be able to meet up to the medical needs of people. Though there are some limiting factors that need to be approached before it can be generally accepted in the country. Besides doctors, the country is facing a dearth of other health workers and medical facilities. The few that are available are unevenly distributed with most of them concentrated in the urban areas. Consequently, rural communities, where many Nigerians (Preprint)
Authors: Oduwoga Taiwo Ramota
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

The healthcare delivery in Nigeria has experienced progressive deterioration as a result of weakened political will on the part of successive governments to effectively solve problems that have been troubling the medical system of the country for so many years. Medical services face alot of challenges and bottlenecks ranging from dearth of trained and qualified personnel, ill-equiped facilities up to low utilisation of modern technology in the delivery of health services. Telemedicine according to WHO, is the delivery of healthcare services by healthcare professionals, using information and communication technologies for the exchange of valid information for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease and injuries, all in the interest of advancing the health of individuals and their communities.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this publication was to evaluate how telemedicine could help to expand access to health services in low-income countries using Nigeria has an example.

METHODS

Telemedicine may be as simple as two health professionals discussing a case over the phone, or as complex as using satellite technology and video conferencing equipment to conduct a real-time consultation between medical specialists in two different countries.
1) Store and forward; telemedicine involves acquiring medical data and then transmitting this data to a doctor or medical specialist at a convenient time for assessment offline

2) Remote monitoring; enables medical professionals to monitor a patient remotely using various technological devices

3) Interactive telemedicine services provide real-time interactions between patient and provider, to include phone conversations, online communication and home visits.

RESULTS

Telemedicine has been shown to reduce the cost of healthcare and increase efficiency through better management of chronic diseases, shared health professional staffing, reduced travel times, and fewer or shorter hospital stays.

CONCLUSIONS

Telemedicine is providing healthcare information and services remotely with the aid of modern technology. Infrastructural development and integration of telemedicine into the existing health service delivery system are some recommendations to improve the adoption of telemedicine in Nigeria.
Developing A Decision Aid for Critically Ill Patients Requiring Renal Replacement Therapy: A User-Centered Approach for Rapid Prototyping (Preprint)
Authors: Zheng Miao , Yin Changlin , Cao Ying , Zhang Yonghui , Wang Fang , Wang Lihua
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Renal replacement therapy (RRT) is increasingly being adopted as a treatment method for critically ill patients suffering from acute kidney injury, followed by inevitably high rates of morbidity and mortality. Whether or not to choose RRT for critically ill patients is a significant concern for surrogate decision makers and is associated with anxiety and decision dilemmas. While evidence suggests that decision aids (DAs) help to improve the quality of medical decision making, few supports exist in the decision-making process for surrogates when their loved ones in the ICU face the possibility of RRT.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to develop a web-based DA to help surrogates make better-informed decisions for critically ill patients requiring RRT.

METHODS

To develop the DA, we utilized a systematic process to create a user-centered design by following four steps: (1) competitive analysis — identify existing DAs through a systematic environmental scan; (2) users’ needs assessment — explore surrogates’ decisional needs through semi-structured interviews; (3) user persona development — develop a typical user persona through a manual characterization of users’ expectations for DAs; (4) evidence synthesis — synthesize clinical evidence on RRT decision making according to the above requirements. This process was implemented to efficiently solve design issues before the development began, thereby helping developers to determine their goals more readily and to focus on the needs of target users.

RESULTS

The rapid prototyping of the DA was accomplished through a systematic process and conceiving a user-centered design. (1) Sixteen available DAs related to RRT were identified in the areas of: end-of-life issues (N=2), end stage renal disease (N=5), and chronic kidney disease (N=9). Design decisions for a DA pertaining to RRT for critically ill AKI patients were informed by these methods. (2) Fifteen family surrogates with RRT decision-making experience in an ICU setting were interviewed for the purpose of needs assessment. Users’ potential needs were identified within the domains of professional support, role guidance, information needs, and values clarification. (3) A typical user persona was constructed to help understand users’ needs and to further inform design choices. (4) 27 sources were selected and a total of 21 items were extracted as evidence to augment the content of the prototype. Finally, the DA prototype was designed to include a user guide and a four-step decision guide.

CONCLUSIONS

We have created a novel approach for the rapid prototyping of a web-based DA that is targeted at family surrogates making decisions about RRT for their loved ones in ICU. Future studies are warranted to evaluate the usability, feasibility, and comprehensibility of the DA through iterative refinement.

CLINICALTRIAL

ChiCTR2000031613
Utility of Smartphone-Based Digital Phenotyping Biomarkers in Assessing Treatment Response to Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Depression: Proof-of-Concept Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kelkar Radhika Suneel , Currey Danielle , Nagendra Srilakshmi , Mehta Urvakhsh Meherwan , Sreeraj Vanteemar S , Torous John , Thirthalli Jagadisha
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Identifying biomarkers of response to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in treatment-resistant depression is a priority for personalizing care. Clinical and neurobiological determinants of treatment response to TMS, while promising, have limited scalability. Therefore, evaluating novel, technologically driven, and potentially scalable biomarkers, such as digital phenotyping, is necessary.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to examine the potential of smartphone-based digital phenotyping and its feasibility as a predictive biomarker of treatment response to TMS in depression.

METHODS

We assessed the feasibility of digital phenotyping by examining the adherence and retention rates. We used smartphone data from passive sensors as well as active symptom surveys to determine treatment response in a naturalistic course of TMS treatment for treatment-resistant depression. We applied a scikit-learn logistic regression model (l1 ratio=0.5; 2-fold cross-validation) using both active and passive data. We analyzed related variance metrics throughout the entire treatment duration and on a weekly basis to predict responders and nonresponders to TMS, defined as ≥50% reduction in clinician-rated symptom severity from baseline.

RESULTS

The adherence rate was 89.47%, and the retention rate was 73%. The area under the curve for correct classification of TMS response ranged from 0.59 (passive data alone) to 0.911 (both passive and active data) for data collected throughout the treatment course. Importantly, a model using the average of all features (passive and active) for the first week had an area under the curve of 0.7375 in predicting responder status at the end of the treatment.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of our study suggest that it is feasible to use digital phenotyping data to assess response to TMS in depression. Early changes in digital phenotyping biomarkers, such as predicting response from the first week of data, as shown in our results, may also help guide the treatment course.
Use and Views of and Experiences With Online Access to Electronic Health Records for Parents, Children, and Adolescents: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Hagström Josefin , Blease Charlotte , Haage Barbara , Scandurra Isabella , Hansson Scharlett , Hägglund Maria
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Ongoing efforts worldwide to provide patients with patient-accessible electronic health records (PAEHR) have led to variability in adolescent and parental access across providers, regions and countries. There is no compilation of evidence to guide policy decisions in matters such as access ages and extent of parent proxy access. In this paper, we outline our scoping review of different stakeholders’ (including but not limited to end-users) perspectives on use, opinions, and experiences pertaining to online access to electronic health records by parents, children, and adolescents.

OBJECTIVE

To identify, categorize and summarize knowledge about different stakeholders (e.g. children/adolescents, parents, healthcare professionals (HCPs), policy makers, and designers of patient portals or PAEHRs) use and experiences of EHR access for children, parents and adolescents.x

METHODS

A scoping review was conducted according to the Arksey and O’Malley 1 framework. A literature search identified eligible papers that focused on electronic health record access for children, adolescents, and parents, published between 2007 and 2021. A number of databases were used to search for literature (PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycInfo).

RESULTS

The approach resulted in 4817 identified articles and 74 included articles. The papers were predominantly viewpoints based in the US, and the number of studies of parents was larger than that of adolescents and HCPs combined. Both adolescents and parents with and without access were examined, where adolescents and parents without access anticipated low literacy and confidentiality issues, however did not report such concerns after being given access. On the other hand, adolescent confidentiality remained an issue for HCPs after experiencing PAEHRs, and most viewpoint papers provided recommendations on implementation in regards to this.

CONCLUSIONS

There is limited research on pediatric PAEHRs, particularly regarding adolescents’ experiences with online access to their records. Findings could inform the design and implementation of future regulations around access to patient-accessible electronic health records. Further examination is warranted on experiences of adolescents, parents, and HCPs to improve usability and utility, inform universal principles reducing the current abritrariness in the child’s age for own and parental access to EHRs among providers worldwide, and ensure portals are equipped to safely and appropriately manage a wide variety of patient circumstances.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/36158
Personal devices to monitor physical activity and nutritional intake in colorectal cancer surgery: Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: van der Linden Manouk J. W. , Verdaasdonk Emiel G. G. , Nahar - van Venrooij Lenny. M. W.
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

The use of self-monitoring devices for is promising for improving perioperative physical activity and nutritional intake.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to assess feasibility, usability and acceptability of a physical activity tracker and digital food record in patients scheduled for colorectal cancer surgery.

METHODS

This observational cohort study was conducted at a large training hospital between November 2019 and 2020 in colorectal cancer patients between 18-75 years old who were able to use a smartphone or tablet. Excluded were; patients i) not mentally competent; ii) not proficient in Dutch; iii) not planned for elective surgery; or iv) following a protein-restricted diet. Participants used an activity tracker (Fitbit Charge 3™) from 4 weeks before until 6 weeks after surgery. In the week before surgery (preoperative) and the fifth week after surgery (postoperative), participants also used a food record for one week. They shared their experience regarding usability [System Usability Scale, range 0 to 100] and acceptability [Net Promoter Score, range -100 to +100].

RESULTS

28 patients were included (57% male, age 61±8 years), 27 shared their experience. Scores regarding the activity tracker were: preoperative median System Usability Score 85 (IQR: 73-90) and Net Promoter Score +65. Postoperative 78 (IQR: 68-85) and +67, respectively. The Net Promoter Scores regarding the food record were preoperative +37 and postoperative -7.

CONCLUSIONS

The perioperative use of a physical activity tracker is considered feasible, usable and acceptable by colorectal cancer patients in this study. Preoperative the use of a digital food record was acceptable, postoperatively acceptability decreased.
The Application of a Health-Management Platform to Improve Physical Activity in Hemodialysis Patients: A Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Li Wen-Yi , Yeh Jiang-Chou , Cheng Cheng-Chih , Huang Su-Hua , Yeh Hui-Chin , Cheng Bor-Wen , Lin Jou-Wei , Yang Feng-Jung
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients receiving regular hemodialysis (HD) are a highly sedentary population with high mortality. Sufficient physical activity may reduce the risk of cardiovascular-related diseases and all-cause mortality in the HD population.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of wearable devices, a health management platform, and social media for improving the physical activity of HD patients, with the goal of establishing a new intervention model.

METHODS

In a 24-week prospective study, a total of 31 clinically stable HD patients were enrolled. All participants were assigned home exercises based upon walking and calisthenics and patients were provided with wearable devices that collected exercise-related data. All participants maintained dietary diaries using a smartphone app. All dietary and exercise information was then uploaded to a health management platform. Suggestions about diet and exercise were provided, and a social media group was created to inspire the participants. Physical performance testing was performed at baseline and during weeks 4, 8, 12, 16 and 24, using monthly step counts, sit-to-stand tests (STS-10 and STS-60), 6-minute walking distance (6MWT) and hand grip strength (HGS). The Kidney Disease Quality of Life survey (KDQOL-36TM) questionnaire was used to assess quality of life. Nutrition status was evaluated by subjective global assessment (SGA).

RESULTS

A total of 25 participants completed the study; 14 were male, and the mean participant age was 51.22 years. After the intervention, the STS-10 test reduced by 4.37 seconds, the STS-60 increased 12 fold, the 6MWT increased by 55 meters, and the HGS also increased relative to the baseline. The monthly step count increased to an average of 46,437 steps. At the end of the study, the KDQOL-36TM and SGA scores were elevated. By logistical regression, the monthly step count correlated positively with 6MWT and SGA; the more steps per month achieved, the longer the distance in the 6MWT and higher SGA score were noted.

CONCLUSIONS

The application of wearable devices, a health management platform, and social media support not only strengthened physical activity but also improved the quality of life and nutrition in people with regular HD. These results outline a new model to promote healthy lifestyle behaviors in HD patients.

CLINICALTRIAL

The study protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of National Taiwan University Hospital (No. 201812145RINA). The ClinicalTrials.gov number was NCT05281497.
Efficacy of a web-based stress management intervention for employees experiencing adverse working conditions and occupational self-efficacy as mediator: A randomized controlled trial (Preprint)
Authors: Nixon Patricia , Ebert David Daniel , Boss Leif , Angerer Peter , Dragano Nico , Lehr Dirk
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Work stress is highly prevalent and puts employees at risk for adverse health consequences. Web-based stress management interventions promoting occupational self-efficacy might be a feasible approach to aid employees to alleviate this burden.

OBJECTIVE

The first aim of this randomized controlled trial (RCT) was to investigate the efficacy of a web-based stress management intervention (SMI) for employees perceiving elevated stress levels and effort-reward imbalance (ERI) compared to a wait list control group (WLC). Secondly, it was investigated if the efficacy of a SMI could be explained by an increase in occupational self-efficacy (OSE) and if the personal resource of OSE enables employees to change adverse working conditions.

METHODS

A total of 262 employees reporting ERI (>0.715) and elevated stress levels (PSS-10≥22) was randomly assigned to either the SMI or WLC. The primary outcome was perceived stress (PSS-10). Secondary outcomes included mental and work-related health measures. Four different mediation analyses were conducted with occupational self-efficacy, efforts, and rewards as mediators. After eligibility screening, data was collected at baseline (T1), seven weeks (T2) and six months (T3).

RESULTS

Analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) revealed that stress reduction was significantly higher for the SMI compared to the WLC at T2 (d=0.87, 95% CI 0.61-1.12) and T3 (d=0.65, 95% CI 0.41-0.90). Mediation analyses indicated that OSE mediated the beneficial effect of the SMI on stress directly. Furthermore, the analyses revealed a significant indirect effect of OSE via rewards but not via efforts, while efforts still had a negative impact on stress.

CONCLUSIONS

The SMI was effective in reducing stress and improving OSE in employees despite experiencing ERI at work. Results from mediation analyses suggest that fostering personal resources such as OSE contributes to the efficacy of the SMI and enables employees to achieve positive changes regarding the rewarding aspects of the workplace. However, the SMI seemed to neither directly nor indirectly impact efforts, suggesting that person-focused interventions might not be sufficient and need to be complemented by organizational-focused interventions to comprehensively improve mental health in employees facing adverse working conditions.

CLINICALTRIAL

German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS): DRKS00005990.
Digital health applications to establish a remote diagnosis for orthopedic knee disorders: a scoping review. (Preprint)
Authors: Van Eijck Sander , Janssen Daan , Steen Marieke van der , Delvaux Eugenie , Hendriks Hans , Janssen Rob
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Digital health and other forms of telemedicine can add value in optimizing healthcare for patients and healthcare providers. Aim of this study was to investigate the currently available digital health and telemedicine applications to establish a primary knee diagnosis in orthopedic surgery without face-to-face contact between patient and physician.

OBJECTIVE

Provide an overview of the available applications to establish a primary diagnosis for knee disorders.

METHODS

A systematic scoping review was conducted in the PUBMED and EMBASE database according to the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) statement. The inclusion criteria were studies reporting methods to establish a primary knee diagnosis using digital health or telemedicine.

RESULTS

A total of 7 articles was included after full text screening. Two categories to determine a primary diagnosis were identified: screening studies (n=4) and decision support studies (n=3). There was a large heterogeneity in the included studies in used algorithms, disorders, input parameters and outcome measurements. The included studies show a relatively high sensitivity in diagnosing a limited set of 25 knee disorders. However, the included applications were in general not accurate enough to make a specific diagnosis.

CONCLUSIONS

This scoping review shows that it is currently not possible to establish a reliable remote diagnosis for knee disorders in orthopedic practice. To date there is limited evidence that digital health applications can actually assist a patient or orthopedic surgeon in establishing the primary diagnosis for knee disorders. Future research should aim at integrating multiple sources of information, standardizing study designs with close collaboration between clinicians, data scientists, data managers, lawyers and service users in order to create reliable and secure databases.
Usability and efficiency of PRE1BRAZIL: a web application to support a clinical intervention study with alogliptin in patients with presymptomatic type 1 Diabetes Melittus (stage 2) (Preprint)
Authors: Gurgel Penaforte-Saboia Sr Jaquellyne , Barra Couri Sr Carlos Eduardo , Vasconcelos Albuquerque Sr Natasha , Sotero da Cunha Neto Sr Joel , Câmera Carvalho Gabriel , Bitar da Cunha Olegário Sr Natalia , Peixoto Linard Sr Lana Lívia , Guedes Ricarte Alves Sr Felipe , Oliveira Fernandes Sr Virginia , Dias Rangel Montenegro Sr Ana Paula , Magalhães Montenegro Junior Sr Renan
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is a chronic disease with epidemic proportions and raising incidence. Persistent autoimmunity against beta cells may be present many years before the clinical onset of the disease and is considered the first stage of T1DM. Attempts have been made to modify the natural history of T1DM through intervention studies in stages 1 and 2 of the disease. However, difficulties related to underdiagnosis, high costs and low recruitment rates are important limiting factors in carrying out these studies. Using computer technology may be an efficient way to achieve this goal. However, in the best of our knowledge, the PRE1BRAZIL is the first App developed and validated to support a fully automated multicenter prevention trial in T1DM patients. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors are safe and well-tolerated drugs, potentially capable of slowing the progression of T1DM.

OBJECTIVE

To develop and validate the PRE1BRAZIL, a web application (``App``) designed to perform an automated randomized clinical trial (RCT) with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) in patients with stage 2 type 1 diabetes (T1DM).

METHODS

The RCT protocols guided the design of non-functional App requirements. A user-centered development approach was used. The App functional project was divided into two components: the web questionnaire, where patients' data will be entered; and the Web Control Panel (WBC) that will display and export the data to a spreadsheet. FrontEnd, BackEnd, and Database are the three WBC components. After web App design and development, a validation study was performed with 20 evaluators.

RESULTS

The validation test results showed a high usability and efficiency of the App, with high agreement rating between expert judges and target users. This app is able to support all RCT phases, from enrollment and randomization to report adverse events, and 85% of respondents agreeing that this app would be useful to facilitate your participation as a researcher.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first web App developed and validated to support a fully automated T1DM prevention trial, which presented an excellent usability and efficiency profile. This technologies is expected to optimize patient allocation, data analysis, and reduce trial costs.
A wolf in sheep’s clothing: The re-use of routinely obtained laboratory data in research (Preprint)
Authors: Overmars L. Malin , Niemantsverdriet Michael S. A. , Groenhof T. Katrien J. , De Groot Mark C. H. , Hulsbergen-Veelken Cornelia A. R. , Van Solinge Wouter W. , Musson Ruben E. A. , Ten Berg Maarten J. , Hoefer Imo E. , Haitjema Saskia
Published: June 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

Electronic health records (EHRs) entail valuable data for re-use in science, quality evaluations, and clinical decision support. As routinely obtained laboratory data is abundantly present, often numeric, generated by certified laboratories and stored in a structured way, one may assume that it is immediately fit for (re-)use in research. However, behind each test result lies an extensive context of choices and considerations, made by both humans and machines, that introduces hidden patterns in the data. If unaware, researchers re-using routine laboratory data may eventually draw incorrect conclusions. After discussing healthcare system characteristics on macro- and microlevel, we introduce the reader to hidden aspects of generating structured routine laboratory data in four steps (ordering, pre-analysis, analysis, and post-analysis) and explain how each of these four steps may interfere with re-use of routine laboratory data. As researchers re-using these data, we underline the importance of domain knowledge of the healthcare professional, laboratory specialist, data manager, and patient, to turn routine laboratory data into meaningful datasets to help obtain relevant insights that create value for clinical care.
Music Therapy in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: What and How
Authors: Hale Irene Cathrin Shalomnita , Kurniawati Farida
Published: June 2022

Until now, music therapy is still widely used to help children with autism. In this literature study, various music therapy research will be explained and explicitly given to help children with an autism spectrum disorder. This literature study using two academic electronic search engines: Taylor Francis Online dan EBSCOhost Academic Research Database. For this literature study, researcher using five research studies from abroad, and three research studies from Indonesia. Besides, this literature study is expected to help parents with autistic children, children with needs precisely, as well as music therapists, to get information about the types of therapy and to get therapy music choices that fit the goals to be achieved.
Development of Mobile Intelligent Sprinkler Irrigation Device Based on IOT
Authors: Li Kang , Ding Lin , Li Shun
Published: June 2022

Sprinkler irrigation is a major aspect of water use. At present, most of the domestic sprinkler irrigation for green lawns and flowerbeds adopts the rocker-arm rotary sprinkler that is common in the market. Aiming at the problem that the rocker arm rotary sprinkler is not intelligent, it is not suitable for areas that require intelligent irrigation, and cannot intelligently manage the sprinkler irrigation area, I understand the principles of various sprinkler irrigation devices on the market, and propose to automatically adjust the sprinkler range to make sprinkler irrigation intelligent and efficient. Precision to adapt to various types of sprinkler irrigation sites. And it is used for lawn or flowerbed irrigation, and can move freely in the irrigation area without being fixed on the ground. Compared with the existing rocker arm rotary sprinkler, it reduces the initial installation cost and post-maintenance cost.
Spiraled Cultural Dialectics: Construct for Human and Social Sciences
Authors: Theodoridis Nicolas
Published: June 2022

The present study has as main concern to explain the need to create the construct "spiraled cultural dialectic" in order to better adapt the ideas worked on in the doctoral thesis, as well as its use in other research in the human and social sciences. To this end, I present formulations on the concept of concept on the initial pages. Then, there will be the decomposition of the terms in order to better clarify them, that is, to historicize the concepts, making, at the end, the methodological mortar of the theoretical explanation.
Canada's Tainted Blood Scandal: The Rise of the Precautionary Principle in Public Health Regulation
Authors: Ducas Evangeline
Published: June 2022

.
The Emergence and Evolution of Forestry Regulation Via Third Party Certification in Ontario
Authors: Platte Nathan
Published: June 2022

.
Policy Interventions to Reduce Food Insecurity in Nunavut: A Comparison of Contemporary Policies Promoting Access to Healthy and Affordable Food
Authors: Olding Allysa
Published: June 2022

.
Stranded Investors: A Growing Legal Case for Fossil Fuel Divestment by Canadian Public Pension Funds
Authors: Stares Brittany
Published: June 2022

.
What's the Deal with Shipbuilding?- A Review of Canada's National Shipbuilding Procurement Strategy
Authors: Fortier Grant
Published: June 2022

.
Closing the Gap: Tax Policy Solutions to Top-End Income Inequality in a Globalized Canadian Economy
Authors: Ribi Daniel
Published: June 2022

Rising income inequality is a pressing political issue in Canada and internationally. Since the 1980s, the evolution of the global economy and shifting tax policy frameworks have generated a steep rise in inequality characterized by runaway incomes at the very top of the spectrum and a growing role played by capital income. Given that tax policy is one of the primary tools available for governments to structure income distribution, reform is needed. However, tax policy solutions to rising inequality must address the uncertainty surrounding the ability of governments to take effective action in a globalized world economy. This policy brief puts forward viable reforms. The Canadian federal government can mitigate income inequality domestically through targeted corporate and personal income tax reforms and a strengthened enforcement regime.
Low depth algorithms for quantum amplitude estimation
Authors: Giurgica-Tiron Tudor , Kerenidis Iordanis , Labib Farrokh , Prakash Anupam , Zeng William
Published: June 2022

We design and analyze two new low depth algorithms for amplitude estimation (AE) achieving an optimal tradeoff between the quantum speedup and circuit depth. For β∈(0,1], our algorithms require N=O~(1ϵ1+β) oracle calls and require the oracle to be called sequentially D=O(1ϵ1−β) times to perform amplitude estimation within additive error ϵ. These algorithms interpolate between the classical algorithm (β=1) and the standard quantum algorithm (β=0) and achieve a tradeoff ND=O(1/ϵ2). These algorithms bring quantum speedups for Monte Carlo methods closer to realization, as they can provide speedups with shallower circuits.The first algorithm (Power law AE) uses power law schedules in the framework introduced by Suzuki et al \cite{S20}. The algorithm works for β∈(0,1] and has provable correctness guarantees when the log-likelihood function satisfies regularity conditions required for the Bernstein Von-Mises theorem. The second algorithm (QoPrime AE) uses the Chinese remainder theorem for combining lower depth estimates to achieve higher accuracy. The algorithm works for discrete β=q/k where k≥2 is the number of distinct coprime moduli used by the algorithm and 1≤q≤k−1, and has a fully rigorous correctness proof. We analyze both algorithms in the presence of depolarizing noise and provide numerical comparisons with the state of the art amplitude estimation algorithms.
Melacak Geneologi Keilmuan Masyarakat Jalur Sanad Intelektual Muslim Bengkulu Tahun 1985-2020
Authors: Abas Musofa Ahmad
Published: June 2022

Socio-religious scholarly in the community are reflected in either daily practice or literary works inherited. Through Muslim intellectuals, the scientific genealogy of society can be traced, either through their educational background or through their knowledge. The purpose of this article is to monitor the scientific genealogy of society through the knowledge of Muslim intellectuals who are active in various institutions and organizations. The historical research method used through four stages, namely heuristics, criticism, interpretation and historiography. Meanwhile, the approach used is intellectual history. This paper pioneered the study of the genealogy of Muslim intellectuals in Bengkulu, which so far received little attention. This is based on the results of studies related to Bengkulu Muslim intellectuals that have not been monitored on this issue. The important finding in this paper is that the scientific nature of each Muslim intellectual is different, but all sanad of the Muslim intellectuals are connected to the Prophet. The following is the scientific genealogy of society that is traced through sanad, they are tarekat (Syatariyah, Naqsyabandiyah, Qadiriyah wa Naqsyabandiyah, Syadziliyah), sanad al-Quran, sanad Hadith and sanad kitab.
Perspektif Nilai Sejarah Naskah Hikayat Aceh
Authors: Hermansyah
Published: June 2022

The earliest works of literary genres during the Kingdom of Aceh Darussalam were historical literature. Historical stories and saga that tell about the figures, connections, and genealogies of the sultan's government in the Aceh kingdom. The Hikayat Aceh is one of is one of the historical texts. The text is anonym the author. This research uses a narrative analysis approach in which historical assessment is viewed inside the text of Hikayat Aceh. Inventory of manuscripts obtained three interrelated texts of Hikayat Aceh; Firstly Cod. Or. 1954, second Cod. Or 1983 are collected by the Leiden University, and the third text was written and kept at the National Library of Jakarta with code ML 421. Both of the texts are uncompleted and beginning. The Hikayat Aceh has become one of the basic historical sources of the Aceh Sultanate and describes other historical manuscripts of the same period.
"Islam Nusantara" dan Globalisasi
Authors: Ali Fachry
Published: June 2022

Studies on Islam Nusantara have been present since the discourse started. In this study, "Islam Nusantara" is described as a religious expression "without theological pressure." The experience of Aris and Harjono, two intellectuals of global products who find a path of religious mystery without intellectual rebellion is a picture of the journey in which the local is able to integrate with the global. There is a spirit of reason and a post-reason that cause global products to unite with religious mysteries. Islam Nusantara appears with a social style without theological pressure. As stated by Durkheim, religion is a collective conscience. However, the next question as asked by Abdul Aziz, can religious diversity be an integrative force? yes, as long as religion resists its lust of identity and submits to the desire for harmony. Globalization is not a challenge, but a support, as long as "Islam Nusantara" is a social expression of religion and rejects hierarchy in religious relations. "Islam Nusantara" will not act as a wall that will isolate itself from extra-Nusantara influences. Like Aris's "new" spiritual experience, every wall that isolates itself will only make "Islam Nusantara" lose its true character.
ANEUK MEUDAGANG TRADITION IN DAYAH: A STUDY ON SANTRIWATI MEUDAGANG AT DAYAH AL-IKHLAS
Authors: Nazaruddin Karnila , Matsyah Ajidar
Published: June 2022

This article is about "Aneuk Meudagang Tradition in Dayah (A Study on Santriwati Meudagang at Dayah Al-Ikhlas). The purpose of this research is to examine how the general description of the meudagang tradition in Aceh and to know the aneuk meudagang tradition that takes place in Dayah Al Ikhlas. It applies qualitative approach with data collected through interviews, observation and documentation. The data obtained in the field were analysed through conclusions from existing results. The results of this research shows that Santri or often called Aneuk Meudagang in an important element of a Dayah. The practice of studying at Dayah is called meudagang (pursuing religious knowledge) which normally requires a long period of time. There is no set schedule to finish which means that a santri comes and leaves the dayah whenever he or she decides to. Some students study in several dayahs, moving from one dayah to another after several years of studies. The tradition of Santri/ Aneuk Meudagang is a practice needed to know further. Santriwati at the Al Ikhlas dayah are educated with a pattern of simplicity which aims to practice a simple life. Also, Qana’ah (accepting what it is) as reflected in the faces of the Dayah Al Ikhlas students. Unlike in the context of life in formal institutions, students' simplicity is manifested in all aspects of life, starting from the way they dress, behave, cook, and interact without discrepancy between the rich and the poor.
USE OF CARTON MEDIA TO INCREASE STUDENT LEARNING RESULT IN LEARNING MATHEMATICS OF MATERIALS TO BUILD CUBE ROOMS AND BEAMS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL
Authors: Rohmawati Teti , Supriati Eni , Pebriana Rizki
Published: June 2022

This study is based on student learning activities when learning takes place only a few students who pay attention. The results of the mathematics exercise and repetition of students also always get a low score. The use of carton media can help students understand abstract mathematical concepts and can make students more activities in the learning process. This method of classroom action research takes the form of a cycle that will last more than one cycle depending on the success of the target to be achieved. The use of carton media can improve student learning outcomes, either individually or in groups. This is evident from the results of student learning initial data percentage of 35.71%. However, after applying the use of carton media students' learning outcomes increased by 71.42% and in the second cycle reached 92.85%. In addition, the value of the group also increased, the first cycle was 85.71%, and in cycle II reached 100%
APPLICATION OF MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING TO IMPROVE STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES IN SUBTEMA ENERGY AND ITS CHANGES
Authors: Setiawati Wida , Priatna Dedi , Firdaus Anugrah Ramadhan
Published: June 2022

This study aims to improve learning outcomes of students through a learning model of problem-based learning on the sub-theme energy and change. This research was conducted in class III SD Muhammadiyah 4 Bandung and against the background circumstances of students are lacking in learning outcomes in the learning because teachers still use the learning that is conventional, that is, by using the lecture method, so that the involvement of learners in the learning was minimal. By using the model of Problem Based Learning can improve learning outcomes of students, because, in this model, the students become the center in the process of learning, stimulating learners to think critically, and to deepen their knowledge about what they know and what they need to know to solve the problem. In addition to its model of problem-based learning can also increase the activity and learning outcomes of students, help, develop skills to solve problems, and develop the skills to communicate orally. The conclusions obtained from this study is that the use of the model of problem-based learning can improve learning outcomes of students. Thus, the application of learning model problem based learning in sub-theme energy and amendments can be used as an alternative method of learning to be applied in Elementary School.
IMPROVING STUDENT WRITING SKILLS IN INDONESIAN LANGUAGE LEARNING NARRATIVE WRITING MATERIALS USING WRITING PROCESS APPROACH
Authors: Mariana Ina , Purnomo Sidik , Firdaus Anugrah Ramadhan
Published: June 2022

This research is motivated by the teacher's lack of getting students to write, and the teacher is not right in determining the approach to train students to write. While the problems that arise from students include the low ability of students to write, especially in learning to write essays. The problems are characterized by (1) the low ability of students to write stories chronologically so that they become complete essays, (2) the low ability of students to integrate relationships between sentences, and (3) the low ability of students in the use of spelling and punctuation in essays. Research methods use quantitative. this study uses a qualitative approach with classroom action research design. To obtain data in the context of research, researchers used three ways of collecting data, namely by using interviews, observation and documentation. The study was conducted for 1 month, from January 8 2018 to January 31 2018. The results of the research and discussion showed that the students' ability in writing narrative essays and student writing skills through the approach to writing process is very appropriate so that it can produce a good character.
IMPROVING STUDENT'S CREATIVE THINKING ABILITY THROUGH APPLICATION OF JOYFULL LEARNING METHODS IN SD NEGERI I CISOMANG SCHOOL
Authors: Jubaedah Eneng , Sriwahyuni Rini , Agra Hana Sakura Putu
Published: June 2022

Research was motivated by the lack of ability to think creatively of elementary school students in Cisomang State Elementary School I. In general, the long-term goal of this research program is to improve students' creative thinking skills through the application of joyful learning methods at Cisomang State Elementary School I. Specifically, the specific targets to be achieved are as follows: (1). Providing enjoyable learning to improve students' creative thinking skills; (2). Provide fun and meaningful ways of learning through joyful learning methods. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (CAR). The study design used the Kemmis and Mc Taggart models. The subject of the research was the fourth grade students of SD Negeri I Cisomang. Data collection techniques use interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques using qualitative and quantitative descriptive. The results showed that the application of joyful learning methods could improve the creative thinking skills of IVB graders in science learning at Cisomang Elementary School I.Keywords: Joyfull Learning Method, Creative Thinking Ability.
USE OF ROLE PLAYING TECHNIQUES IN DRAMA LEARNING AS EFFORTS TO IMPROVE SPEAKING ABILITY IN INDONESIAN LANGUAGE LESSONS
Authors: Suryamah Mamah , Chandraeni Eni , Altaftazani Deden Herdiana
Published: June 2022

Teacher and student interaction in the teaching and learning process does not have to be dominated by the teacher, but must rely on students. In determining learning techniques the teacher must pay attention to the involvement of students in learning. Speaking is the ability to speak articulation sounds or words to express, express and convey thoughts, ideas, and feelings. This study aims to determine the ability of students in speaking through the activities of playing drama characters, knowing the difficulties faced by students, and finding solutions to overcome student learning difficulties. The method used in this research is class action method. The research instrument consisted of observation, ability to speak practice, questionnaire and field notes. From the results of research and data processing, it was concluded that overall, the implementation of role playing learning techniques in improving speaking skills was carried out through three cycles of action implementation which focused on three pronunciation indicators, intonation, expression, had a considerable impact with the target of increasing speaking ability student. In other words, that speaking learning using role playing learning techniques has a positive impact on improving the ability of sixth grade students of Public Elementary School 055 Jatihandap, Bandung City.
PENERAPAN TEKNIK ROLE PLAYING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN RASA KEPEDULIAN ANTAR SISWA
Authors: Minsyar Marfany , Yusup Salma Namira
Published: June 2022

Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan teknik role playing dalam meningkatkan rasa kepedulian antar siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu studi literatur dengan membandingkan antara 2 artikel yang membahas penggunaan teknik role playing dalam menurunkan perilaku bullying. Pengambilan penelitian tersebut dilakukan karena antara perilaku bullying dengan kepedulian yang dimiliki siswa memiliki hubungan yang erat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik role playing efektif untuk digunakan dalam peningkatan rasa kepedulian antar siswa. Kata Kunci: Role Playing, Kepedulian Siswa
PENGARUH LAYANAN BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK TERHADAP PERILAKU KEPEMIMPINAN PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Faridah Fujianti Yuthika , Patimah Siti
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh layanan bimbingan kelompok pada perilaku kepemimpinan peserta didik. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Majalengka. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian regresional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 45 siswa OSIS Organisasi Siswa Intra School) melalui Teknik Simple Random Sampling dan Stratified Sampling Technique (Stratified Radom Sampling). Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan tabel koefisien dengan nilai signifikan 0,000. Setelah dianalisa sesuai dengan hipotesis yang ada bahwa Pvalue ≤ α (0,000 ≤ 0,05 = H0 ditolak) berarti ada pengaruh positif antara layanan bimbingan kelompok terhadap perilaku kepemimpinan peserta didik di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Majalengka. Selanjutnya, para peneliti melakukan analisis seberapa besar pengaruh layanan bimbingan kelompok pada perilaku kepemimpinan dengan membaca model ringkasan tabel. Tabel ringkasan yang diperoleh menggambarkan nilai korelasi atau hubungan yang sama dengan R = 0,670 dan menjelaskan persentase pengaruh variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen yang disebut koefisien determinasi yang merupakan hasil kuadrat R, dari output yang diperoleh koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,448 berisi pengertian bahwa pengaruh kelompok layanan bimbingan terhadap perilaku kepemimpinan adalah 44,8% sedangkan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain. Kata Kunci: Bimbingan Kelompok, Perilaku Kepemimpinan, Peserta Didik.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KONSEP DIRI DAN KEMATANGAN EMOSI DENGAN PENYESUAIAN DIRI ISTRI YANG TINGGAL BERSAMA KELUARGA SUAMI
Authors: Fajriyanti Novi , Nuz’amidhan Rizky Lazuardi
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui secara empiris hubungan antara konsep diri dan kematangan emosi dengan penyesuaian diri pada istri yang tinggal bersama keluarga suami Penyesuaian terhadap istri dalam keluarga suami adalah salah satu hal penting dalam penyesuaian pernikahan. Keberhasilan istri dalam proses penyesuaian menjadi bagian keluarga suami akan memberikan rasa kepuasan, kebahagiaan, dan stabilitas dalam kehidupan istri dan jiwanya untuk menciptakan harmoni, baik kepada suami maupun keluarga suami. Penyesuaian istri itu sendiri dipengaruhi oleh konsep kematangan diri dan emosional. Dalam artikel ini juga di bahas mengenai fungsi dari : (1) Penyesuaian Diri (2) Konsep Diri dan, (3) Kematangan Emosi.Kata Kunci : Penyesuaian diri, Konsep diri, Kematangan emosi.
GANGGUAN KECEMASAN SOSIAL DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK RASIONAL EMOTIF TERAPI
Authors: Oktapiani Nia , Putri P Amelia
Published: June 2022

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan kajian tentang pengaruh konseling REBT dalam mengatasi kecemasan. Kecemasan dapat terjadi pada setiap individu. Seseorang yang menderita kecmasan selalu merasa khawatir dan selalu bereaksi berlebihan. keluhan fisik yang biasanya terjadi antara lain adalah tidak tenang, tidur terganggu, kelelahan, sakit kepala, tangan gemetar, dan jantung yang berdebar-debar. Individu terus menerus mengkhawatirkan segala macam masalah yang berlebihan menjadi sangat penting. kecemasan dilatar belakangi oleh pemikiran irasional cenderung menimbulkan gangguan. Konseling REBT adalah suatu pendekatan konseling yang menangani masalh-masalah yang berhubungan dengan emosi, kognisi, dan tingkah laku, dengan mengubah cara pandang klien yang irasional dan tidak logis agar klien dapat mengembangkan dirinya.    Kata Kunci: Rasional Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT), Kecemasan