bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon and its association with refractive errors in Chinese preschool children: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhuo Deyi , Chen Si , Ren Xiaofang , Wang Bingsong , Liu Linbo , Xiao Lin
Published: December 2020

Background: To assess the prevalence and demographics of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children and to evaluate its association with refractive errors.Methods: In this population-based, cross-sectional study, a total of 3,170 children aged 3 to 6 years from Beijing, China underwent examinations including weight, height, cycloplegic autorefraction and slit-lamp examination of external eyes. The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in preschool children was evaluated and its association with age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and refractive errors was analyzed using logistic regression analysis.Results: The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon was 26.2%, which decreased with age, with prevalence in 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-year-olds of 30.6%, 28.0%, 15.0%, and 14.3%, respectively. Boys had a higher risk of having epiblepharon than girls (OR = 1.41; 95%CI, (1.20-1.66)) and no significant correlation was detected between BMI and epiblepharon after adjusting for age and sex (p = 0.062). Epiblepharon was significantly associated with a higher risk of refractive errors, including astigmatism (OR = 3.41; 95% CI, (2.68-4.33)), myopia (OR = 3.55; 95% CI, (1.86-6.76)), and hyperopia (OR = 1.53; 95% CI, (1.18-1.99)). Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children, particularly among boys and younger children. Preschoolers with lower eyelid epiblepharon are subject to a higher risk of developing astigmatism, myopia, and hyperopia, than those without. Increased attention should be paid to this eyelid abnormality in the preschool population.
Knowledge of PEP and PrEP among people living with HIV/AIDS in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Sousa Laelson Rochelle Milanês , Elias Henrique Ciabotti , Fernandes Nilo Martinez , Gir Elucir , Reis Renata Karina
Published: December 2020

Background: Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) are key to preventing sexual transmission of HIV, whose sexual partners are at high risk of acquiring HIV.We aimed to determine the factors associated with PrEP and PEP's knowledge as secondary prevention among people living with HIV/AIDS.Method: Cross-sectional analytical study carried out among people living with HIV/AIDS treated at five specialized services in the city of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. Data were collected from July 2016 to July 2017. Individual interviews were conducted. We used multivariable logistic regression to determine factors associated with knowing PrEP and PEP.Results: Of the 397 participants, 140 (35.26%) were heterosexual women aged 40 to 49 years (36.2%).Participants with less than 11 years of study (adjusted odds: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.13-0.60); who did not have a low viral load or did not know their viral load (adjusted odds: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.09-0.83) and those with casual partners (adjusted odds: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.09- 0.83) were less likely to know about the PrEP. MSM (adjusted odds: 2.88; 95% CI: 1.59-5.3) and those who used alcohol during sexual intercourse (adjusted odds: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.0-2.8) were more likely to know about the PEP.Conclusions: The knowledge about PEP and PrEP is low in Brazil. This may undermine secondary prevention efforts. Educational interventions to raise awareness of these prevention methods are needed among people living with HIV and who have HIV-negative sexual partners.
FLT-PET for the assessment of systemic sarcoidosis including cardiac and CNS involvement: A prospective study with comparison to FDG-PET
Authors: Martineau Patrick , Pelletier-Galarneau Matthieu , Juneau Daniel , Leung Eugene , Nery Pablo , deKemp Rob , Beanlands Rob , Birnie David
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND:2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose’s (FDG) biodistribution limits the evaluation of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) and neurosarcoidosis (NS). While protocols for cardiac suppression exist, they can be inconvenient for patients and lead to incomplete cardiac suppression in many cases. Furthermore, FDG PET is limited in the detection of neurosarcoidosis due to an inability to suppress high level of physiological uptake within the brain. 3’-deoxy-3’-[18F]fluorothymidine (FLT) has been shown to accumulate in sarcoidosis lesions and this tracer lacks significant physiological myocardial and brain uptake, suggesting that this tracer may be useful for the assessment of sarcoidosis, including CS and NS, without the need for patient preparation. This prospective pilot study examined the performance of FLT vs FDG PET for systemic sarcoidosis, including cardiac and neural involvement.MATERIALS AND METHODS:14 subjects with sarcoidosis were prospectively recruited and imaged with FDG- and FLT-PET. Two blinded, experienced readers independently reviewed the FLT-PET and FDG-PET images. Lesion distribution was compared between FLT and FDG. Agreement between FLT- and FDG-PET was determined using Cohen’s kappa and the intra-class correlation coefficient. Inter-observer variability of FLT and FDG-PET was assessed. RESULTS:12 subjects had CS as per Heart Rhythm Society criteria and 1 had NS. FLT-PET was positive in 12 (86%), and FDG-PET in 11 (79%), with cardiac uptake present in 6 (50%) and 7 (58%) of subjects with CS, respectively. The subject with NS demonstrated uptake on both FLT and FDG-PET, with more lesions on FLT. There were no significant differences in the anatomical distribution of lesions between FLT and FDG. SUVs were significantly (p<0.001) higher for FDG than FLT (5.8 ± 3.0 vs 2.3 ± 1.1, respectively), but not (p=0.90) after adjusting for blood pool activity (2.8 ± 1.4 vs 2.8 ± 1.1, respectively). Agreement between FLT- and FDG-PET was good to excellent for the diagnosis of sarcoidosis, lung involvement, CS, and NS (κ = 0.76, 0.69, 0.86, and 1.0, respectively). Inter-observer agreement for FLT was excellent for diagnosing sarcoidosis, CS and NS (κ = 0.81, 0.85, and 1.0, respectively) and comparable to that of FDG.CONCLUSIONS:FLT-PET may be useful for the assessment of systemic sarcoidosis, as well as cardiac and neural involvement.
A Secondary Analysis of the Childhood Obesity Prevention Cochrane Review through a Wider Determinants of Health Lens: Implications for Research Funders, Researchers, Policymakers and Practitioners
Authors: Nobles James David , Summerbell Carolyn , Brown Tamara , Jago Russell , Moore Theresa
Published: December 2020

Background: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are often regarded as the gold standard of evidence, and subsequently go on to inform policymaking. Cochrane Reviews synthesise this type of evidence to create recommendations for practice, policy, and future research. Here, we critically appraise the RCTs included in the childhood obesity prevention Cochrane Review to understand the focus of these interventions when examined through a wider determinants of health (WDoH) lens. Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of the interventions included in the Cochrane Review on “Interventions for Preventing Obesity in Children”, published since 1993. All 153 RCTs were independently coded by two authors against the WDoH model using an adaptive framework synthesis approach. We used aspects of the Action Mapping Tool from Public Health England to facilitate our coding and to visualise our findings against the 226 perceived causes of obesity. Results: The proportion of interventions which targeted downstream (e.g. individual and family behaviours) as opposed to upstream (e.g. infrastructure, environmental, policy) determinants has not changed over time (from 1993 to 2015), with most intervention efforts (57.9%) aiming to change individual lifestyle factors via education-based approaches. Almost half of the interventions (45%) targeted two or more levels of the WDoH. Where interventions targeted some of the wider determinants, this was often achieved via upskilling teachers to deliver educational content to children. No notable difference in design or implementation was observed between interventions targeting children of varying ages (0-5 years, 6-12 years, 13-18 years). Conclusions: This study highlights that interventions, evaluated via RCTs, have persisted to focus on downstream, individualistic determinants of obesity over the last 25 years, despite the step change in our understanding of its complex aetiology. We hope that the findings from our analysis will challenge research funders, researchers, policymakers and practitioners to reflect upon, and critique, the evidence-based paradigm in which we operate, and call for a shift in focus of new evidence which better accounts for the complexity of obesity.
Determinants of Emotional Exhaustion among Nursing Workforce in Urban Ghana: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Poku Collins Atta , Donkor Ernestina , Naab Florence
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground: The subject of emotional exhaustion in an organisation has become important because of the emerging trends in employment and its related problems. Unhealthy practice environment is a major threat in the incidence of emotional exhaustion among nurses; and organisational cultures that do not support its personnel has huge burnout costs. The study aimed at assessing rate of emotional exhaustion; determined factors that accounts for it and also ascertained the coping strategies used by nurses to overcome it in the Ghanaian health care setting. Methods: A cross-sectional study with a proportionate stratified sampling was used to draw a sample from five health facilities. A standardized questionnaire of Professional Practice Environment Scale of Nursing Work Index, Maslach Burnout Inventory and Coping Scale were used assess variables under study. The STROBE guidelines were followed in reporting this study.Results: Out of the 232 registered nurses studied, 91.1% of them reported experiencing moderate to high rate of emotional exhaustion. The practice environment of the nurses explained 39.6% of the variance in emotional exhaustion. Emotion-focused and problem-focused approaches were identified to be used by registered nurses to cope with emotional exhaustion. Conclusion: When appropriate and effective intervention are employed, emotional exhaustion will be reduce and this will enrich the effectiveness of quality care delivery to patients.
Influence of measurement differences of anterior chamber depth and axial length on lens thickness evaluation in cataract patients: a comparison of two tests
Authors: Xu Jiayi , Li Chen , Wang Lijun , Li Caixin , Li Xin , Lu Peirong
Published: December 2020

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the agreement of lens thickness (LT) measurements made by contact A-scan ultrasonography and Lenstar LS900 as well as the influence of anterior chamber depth (ACD) and axial length (AL) measurement differences on LT measurement in cataract patients in the two techniques.Methods: 1247 cataract patients (1247 eyes) participated in this retrospective cross-sectional study. Ocular biometric measurements were performed with Lenstar LS900 and A-scan ultrasonography respectively, and the measured results of AL, ACD and LT were compared using Pearson correlation coefficients (r) and Bland-Altman analyses.Results: Bland-Altman analyses showed poor agreement between the A-scan ultrasonography and Lenstar LS900 in measuring AL and ACD. The average difference of LT was 0.01 mm; the consistency limit was -0.86 mm, 0.88 mm; and 95.27% of datapoints were within the 95% consistency limit. The consistency of LT measurements between the two techniques was poor for those subjects whose ACD or AL values were beyond the 95% consistency limit. Among the subjects whose AL or ACD values measured by A-scan ultrasonography were greater than those measured by Lenstar LS900, 93.33% of them were within the 95% consistency limit, suggesting that the consistency of LT measurement between the two techniques was poor. Of patients whose ACD or AL measured by A-scan ultrasonography were smaller than that of Lenstar LS900, 96.01% of them were within the 95% consistency limit.Conclusions: There was good agreement of the LT measurements between A-scan ultrasonography and Lenstar LS900, except for the axis deviating from the apparent axis during A-scan ultrasonography. If this error can be avoided, A-scan ultrasonography can replace Lenstar LS900 in LT measurement in cataract patients.
Mutational analysis of ocriplasmin to reduce proteolytic and autolytic activity in Pichia pastoris
Authors: Baghban Roghayyeh , farajnia safar , Ghasemi Younes , Hoseinpoor Reyhaneh , Safary Azam , Mortazavi Mojtaba , Zarghami Nosratollah
Published: December 2020

Background: Ocriplasmin (Jetrea) is using for the treatment of symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion. This enzyme undergoes rapid inactivation and limited activity duration as a result of its autolytic nature after injection within the eye. Moreover, the proteolytic activity can cause photoreceptor damage, which may result in visual impairment in more serious cases.Results: The present research aimed to reduce the disadvantages of ocriplasmin using site-directed mutagenesis. To reduce the autolytic activity of ocriplasmin in the first variant, lysine 156 changed to glutamic acid and, in the second variant for the proteolytic activity reduction, alanine 59 mutated to threonine. The third variant contained both mutations. Expression of wild type and three mutant variants of ocriplasmin constructs were done in the Pichia pastoris expression system. The mutant variants were analyzed in silico and in vitro and compared to the wild type. The kinetic parameters of ocriplasmin variants showed both variants with K156E substitution were more resistant to autolytic degradation than wild-type. These variants also exhibited reduced Kcat and Vmax values. An increase in their Km values, leading to a decreased catalytic efficiency (the Kcat/Km ratio) of autolytic and mixed variants. Moreover, in the variant with A59T mutation, Kcat and Vmax values have reduced compared to wild type. The mix variants showed the most increase in Km value (almost 2-fold) as well as reduced enzymatic affinity to the substrate. Thus, the results indicated that combined mutations at the ocriplasmin sequence were more effective compared with single mutations. Conclusions: The results indicated such variants represent valuable tools for the investigation of therapeutic strategies aiming at the non-surgical resolution of vitreomacular adhesion.
Mobilising People as Assets for Active Ageing Promotion: A Multi-Stakeholder Perspective on Peer Volunteering Initiatives
Authors: Stathi Afroditi , Withall Janet , Agyapong-Badu Sandra , Barrett Eva E , Kritz Marlene , Wills Debbie , Thogersen-Ntoumani Cecilie , Fox Kenneth R
Published: December 2020

Background: Successful peer volunteering is central to many community-based, active ageing initiatives. This study synthesises the perspectives of a range of stakeholders involved in peer volunteering initiatives and provides recommendations as to how peer volunteers can be effectively mobilised as community assets. Methods: An evidence synthesis of qualitative data from (a) the evaluation of ACE (Active, Connected, Engaged), a feasibility trial of a peer volunteering active ageing intervention, and (b) interviews with volunteers and managers of third sector organisations providing peer volunteering programmes. Data were analysed using directed content analysis.Results: Ten managers, 22 volunteers and 20 ACE participants were interviewed. The analysis identified six main themes, 33 higher and 22 sub themes. Main themes were: (i) Motives, (ii) Benefits, (iii) Skills and Characteristics, (iv) Challenges, (v) Training Needs, (vi) Recruitment and Retention. Altruism, changes in life circumstances, opportunities to reconnect with the community and personal fulfilment were the main reasons for volunteering. Volunteering was described as being personally rewarding, an avenue to acquire new skills and knowledge, and an opportunity for increased social connections and physical activity. Good peer volunteers are committed, reliable, have a good sense of humour, good interpersonal skills and are able to relate to participants. When pairing volunteers with participants, shared interests and geographical proximity are important to consider. Clarity of role, level of time commitment, regular feedback, recognition of effort and strong networks for on-going support are important strategies to facilitate volunteer retention. Conclusions: The findings of this study support the value of peer volunteering as a strategy for mobilising community assets in promoting active ageing. To ensure success and longevity, these schemes require appropriate funding and efficient administrative support.Trial registration: N/A
Immunogenicity Evaluation of a Novel Lentiviral Vaccine Expressing Multi- Epitope Against of Leishmania Major in BALB/c Mice
Authors: Rabienia Mahsa , Roudbari Zahra , Ghanbariasad Ali , Abdollahi Abbas , Molazadeh Alireaza , Mortazavidehkordi Nahid , Farjadfar Akbar
Published: December 2020

Background: Nowadays, the prevention of parasitic diseases including leishmaniasis is one of the health concerns in the world, and cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most common type of these diseases. So far, no drug or vaccine has been approved for definitive treatment of this disease.Methods: In this study, the recombinant lentiviral vaccine containing a new multi-epitope of KMP11 and HASPB of the Leishmania major (L. major) was synthesized that had previously been designed in-silico. The designed multi-epitope was subcloned into the pCDH513 lentiviral vector, and the recombinant lentiviral multi-epitope vaccine (rLV-multi-epitope) was synthesized in the HEK293T cell by the packaging vectors. Also, the Western Blotting method was used to confirm the gene expression. Then, the rLV-multi-epitope vaccine was injected twice, along with two control groups, PBS, and rLV-empty to immunize the BALB /c mice. Twenty-one days after the second injection, the splenocytes of the mice were is­­­­olated and stimulated with the Leishmania lysate.Results: The results of the enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) test not only showed the titer of IFN-γ and IL-4 was increased in the immunized group compared to the controls, but also indicated that the ratio of IFN-γ to IL-4 cytokines in the main group was increased significantly. As a result, the Th1 response was generated in the main group. Moreover, the humoral immune response was assessed and the results showed that the ratio of IgG2a to IgG1 antibody in the sera of the immunized mice was increased compared to the control groups. Also, the ratio of IgG2a to IgG1 was increased in the main group. Therefore, the humoral immune response was increased, which can also have a positive effect on increasing the Th1 response.Conclusions: Our results showed that immunization by the new rLV-multi-epitope vaccine could stimulate the immune system towards the Th1 through increasing the IFN-γ production.
Classification of all $\mathcal{N}\geq 3$ moduli space orbifold geometries at rank 2
Authors: Argyres Philip , Bourget Antoine , Martone Mario
Published: December 2020

We classify orbifold geometries which can be interpreted as moduli
spaces of four-dimensional \mathcal{N}\geq 3𝒩≥3
superconformal field theories up to rank 2 (complex dimension 6). The
large majority of the geometries we find correspond to moduli spaces of
known theories or discretely gauged version of them. Remarkably, we find
6 geometries which are not realized by any known theory, of which 3 have
an \mathcal{N}=2𝒩=2
Coulomb branch slice with a non-freely generated coordinate ring,
suggesting the existence of new, exotic \mathcal{N}=3𝒩=3
theories.
Quasi-particle functional Renormalisation Group calculations in the two-dimensional half-filled Hubbard model at finite temperatures
Authors: Rohe Daniel , Honerkamp Carsten
Published: December 2020

We present a highly parallelisable scheme for treating functional Renormalisation Group equations which incorporates a quasi-particle-based feedback on the flow and provides direct access to real-frequency self-energy data. This allows to map out the boundaries of Fermi-liquid regimes and to study the effect of quasi-particle degradation near Fermi liquid instabilities. As a first application, selected results for the two-dimensional half-filled perfectly nested Hubbard model are shown.
YOKSULLUK, DAMGALAMA VE UTANMA: SOSYAL YARDIM AĞI ÇERÇEVESİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Günaydın Davuthan
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada yoksulluğun psiko-sosyal etkilerinden utanma ve damgalanma olgusu
araştırılmaktadır. Utanma, mensubu oldukları toplumun yaşam standartlarını yerine
getirememeleri nedeniyle bireyleri toplumdan uzaklaştıran ve sosyal dışlanma olgusunu
arttıran bir kavramdır. Damgalama ise bireylerin kendilerini farklı kılan ve başkalarının
gözünde değersizleştiren, onları düşük bir konuma yerleştiren bir özelliğe sahip olma olarak
tanımlanabilir. Utanma duygusunda olduğu gibi sosyal dışlanma olgusunu güçlendirir ve
kurumsal, sosyal ve bireysel faktörlere dayanır. Araştırma kapsamında Tekirdağ/ Süleymanpaşa
İlçesinde Sosyal Yardımlaşma ve Dayanışma Vakfı’ndan ve Süleymanpaşa Belediyesi Dosteli
Aşevi’nden yardım alan yoksullarla yüz yüze görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Araştırma nitel araştırma
yöntemlerinden fenomenoloji deseniyle yürütülmüştür. Toplanan veriler kodlanarak
kategoriler oluşturulmuş ve betimsel analize tabi tutulmuştur. Bulgular, utanma duygusunun
özellikle yoksul aile çocukları arasında daha fazla hissedildiği yönündedir. Bu durum
çocukların akademik başarılarını ve akranları ile kaynaşmalarını etkileyen bir faktördür. Diğer
yandan yoksul bireyler toplumun geri kalanı tarafından ötekileştirilmekte, sosyal etkinliklere
ve davetlere çağrılmamakta, arkadaşları ve akrabaları ile iletişim kurmakta zorlanmaktadırlar.
ÇALIŞMA YAŞAMINDA GÖRME ENGELLİ BİREYLER: ÇANAKKALE ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: KANYILMAZ POLAT Ebru , BACAK Bünyamin , KIROĞLU Fulya
Published: December 2020

Çalışmak, her bireyin en temel haklarından biri olmanın yanında bireyleri topluma
entegre eden, içsel tatmin sağlayan psiko-sosyal bir ihtiyaçtır. Engelli bireylerin düşük
istihdam oranları ile bu temel haktan mahrum oldukları, istihdam halinde olanların da çeşitli
sorunlar yaşadıkları bilinmektedir. Tüm engelli grupları içinde görme engellilerin de çalışma
yaşamında karşılaştıkları kendilerine özgü zorluklar mevcuttur. Zorluklar karşısında görme
engelli bireyler ya çalışma yaşamından yoksun kalmayı tercih etmekte ya da olumsuz çalışma
koşulları altında çalışmayı sürdürmektedir. Çalışma yaşamında görme engellilerin yaşadıkları
zorlukların tespit edilmesi, bu olumsuz durumların düzeltilmesi ve görme engellilerin
istihdamlarının arttırılması açısından büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı
istihdam halinde olan görme engelli bireylerin çalışma yaşamında karşılaştıkları zorlukları
tespit etmektir. Bu amaçla Çanakkale ilinde istihdam edilen görme engelli vatandaşlarla nitel
bir araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir.
TÜRKİYE’DEKİ SURİYELİ MÜLTECİLERE YÖNELİK ÖN YARGI VE KALIP YARGILARIN TÜRKMENİSTANLI ÖĞRENCİLERE YANSIMALARI
Authors: YURTTAŞ Süleyman
Published: December 2020

Türkiye yakın bir tarihte Suriye’den gelen büyük bir göç dalgası ile karşılaşmış ve bu

durum toplumsal, siyasi ve ekonomik sorunlara yol açmıştır. Göçe bağlı olarak, etnik

merkezciliğin doğası gereği Türk toplumunda Suriyeli mülteciler ile ilgili birçok ön yargı ve

kalıp yargı üretilmiştir. Çalışma, bu noktadan hareket ederek Suriyeli mültecilere yönelik

oluşturulan ön yargı ve kalıp yargıların, Türkiye’de öğrenim gören Türkmenistan uyruklu

üniversite öğrencilerine yansımalarını ortaya çıkarmayı amaçlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada nitel

araştırma tekniği olan odak grup görüşmesi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu,

kartopu örnekleme yöntemi ile ulaşılan ve Bayburt Üniversitesinde öğrenim görmekte olan 21

Türkmenistan uyruklu öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Elde edilen verilerin çözümlenmesinde içerik

analizi kullanılmıştır. Odak grup görüşme sonuçlarına göre, Suriyeli mülteciler üzerinden

üniversiteye sınavsız geçiş, ücretsiz ve ayrıcalıklı eğitim gibi konularda üretilen ön yargı

ve kalıp yargılar, Türkmenistan uyruklu öğrencilere de yansıtılmakta ve onlar hakkında da

benzer tutumlar sergilenmektedir. Araştırmada, kültürel yakınlık sayesinde Türkiye’de uyum

ve toplumsal kabul konularında geçmişte büyük sorunlar yaşamadıkları halde Türkmenistan

uyruklu öğrencilere yönelik bu tarzdaki tutumların onları olumsuz yönde etkilediği sonucuna

ulaşılmıştır.
10-14 Yaş Arası Çocukların Çalışan Çalışmayan Anneye Bakışı (İstanbul Örneği)
Authors: ÖKTEN Büşra
Published: December 2020

Kadının çalışması başta kadının kendi hayatı olmak üzere, tüm aile fertlerini özellikle
çocukları birçok yönden etkilemektedir. Bu bağlamda bu araştırma, 10-14 yaş arası çocukların
çalışan ve çalışmayan anneye olan bakışlarını incelemek ve karşılaştırmak için yapılmıştır.
Çalışmanın evrenini 10-14 yaş grubu çocuklar, örneklemini ise olasılıksız örnekleme
yöntemi ile seçilen, 319 çocuk oluşturmuştur. Veriler araştırmacı tarafından literatür bilgileri
doğrultusunda geliştirilen ve 34 sorudan oluşan online anket formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır.
Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde sayı, yüzde ve ki- kare testleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya
katılan öğrencilerimizin %50,5’i kız iken, %49,5’ i erkektir. Annesi çalışmayan çocuklar eve
geldiklerinde yemekleri hazır bulabilme oranı %20,2 iken annesi çalışmayanlarda bu oran %4,6
olmuştur. Ayrıca annesi çalışanların %3,2’si asla kadın çalışmamalı derken, bu cevap annesi
çalışmayanlarda %6,9’dur. Çocuğun bakış açısına göre; çalışan annelerin büyükleri, gelinlerinin
ya da kızlarının çalışmasını %24,6 oranında daha çok desteklerken, çalışmayanlarda bu destek
%7,4’e düşmektedir. Çalışan annelerin çocukları %61,5 gibi büyük oranla annenin çalışmasının
aileyi daha zengin yapacağını düşünürken, %38,6 oranıyla çalışmayan annelerin çocuklarında
bu oran daha düşük gerçekleşmiştir. %50 oranında çalışan anne çocukları annelerini affedici
görürken, %62,1 oranında çalışmayan anne çocukları annelerini affedici görmektedir. Annesi
çalışan çocuklarda, iyi bir eğitim aldığını düşünme oranı katılmıyorum cevabını verenler %3,2
iken, annesi çalışmayanlarda bu oran beklentinin aksine daha düşük %0,5 gerçekleşmiştir.
Okul türüne göre ise; İmam Hatip Ortaokulu (İHO)’na giden çocuklar diğer gruplara göre
en fazla olan %16,8 oranında kadının paraya ihtiyacı varsa çalışması gerektiğini düşünürken,
yine aynı okul türü en düşük oran olan %7,6 oranıyla kadınların mutlaka çalışması gerektiğini
düşünmekte, kadınların mutlaka çalışması gerektiğini düşünen %20,3 oranındaki özel
ortaokul çocukları asla çalışmaması gerektiğiyle ilgili görüşleri ise %1,7 ile mevcut örneklemin
en düşük miktarını oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada sonuç olarak; 10-14 yaş arası çocuklarda
çalışan ve çalışmayan anneye olan bakış açısı annesinin çalışıp çalışmamasına göre değişkenlik
göstermekte, annenin çalışıp çalışmaması da çocuğun eğitim, sağlıklı beslenme, duygusal
ihtiyaçlar vb konularda kendini yeterli görmede farklılık oluşturmaktadır.
Voltammetric Generation and Kinetic Stability of Nitro Anion Radical from Nitrofurazone in Ionic Liquids
Authors: Chiavassa Luisa , Camilo Fernanda , La Scalea Mauro
Published: December 2020

The nitrofurazone (NF) electrochemical reduction has been studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) in non-aqueous medium using three different ionic liquids (IL): BMImTf2N, BMImBF4 and BMMImTf2N, having a carbon fiber microelectrode as working electrode. In all of them, two reversible cathodic peaks were recorded for NF. Under higher frequency values, only one reversible cathodic peak was registered. The systems reversibility could also be observed by CV, since a reversible redox couple was registered for this reduction. The systems reversibility with product and reagent adsorptions on the electrode surface was confirmed and the electrons number involved in this reduction indicated the nitro-anion radical formation followed by its respective dianion. For the first reduction, the EC mechanism (an electrochemical step followed by a chemical one) was considered for the systems in aprotic medium, in which there was a probable second-order chemical reaction after the charge transfer process, being the kinetic constants calculated following the Olmstead and Nicholson model.
Determination of static transmission error of helical gears using finite element analysis
Authors: Czakó Alexander , Řehák Kamil , Prokop Aleš , Ranjan Vinayak
Published: December 2020

At present, increasing emphasis is being placed on low noise levels, especially in the automotive industry. One of the dominant sources of noise (and vibration) in vehicles (with an electric motor as well as an internal combustion engine) is the transmission system. In order to effectively reduce vibration and noise of gears and transmission systems, some important gear parameters should be determined / measured. One of these parameters is the static transmission error, which is addressed in this article. The evaluated parameter is the peak-to-peak value of the transmission error, which appears to be closely related to NVH (Noise Vibration and Harshness). The transmission error depends, inter alia, on the tooth macrogeometry (expressed by the contact ratio) and the tooth microgeometry (intentional tooth modifications), the influence of both has been analyzed and is presented in this article. The transmission error can be determined by virtual measurement (computationally) in software enabling finite element analysis or by technical experiments on a test rig. The results in this paper are based on the outputs of numerical simulations using the finite element method. This approach can be used at developing phase to find the optimal solution and to save a lot of time. In addition, no physical components are required and a wide range of arbitrary gear configurations can be analyzed. Nevertheless, the technical experiment is still necessary, thus the test rig will be designed/constructed in the near future, including the possibility of lubrication. The results will then be compared with numerical simulations.
La legislación aduanera colombiana y su influencia en el desarrollo del poder naval
Authors: González-Miranda Christian Eliecer
Published: December 2020

La legislación aduanera colombiana busca orientar y preservar los derechos aduaneros mediante el uso de barreras económicas que tienen como finalidad la protección de la producción nacional y el mantenimiento de sus regulaciones que facilitan la participación del país en un comercio internacional dinámico. Sin embargo, La política comercial colombiana desconoce las necesidades del sector defensa, especialmente por la inobservancia de conceptos como poder marítimo, poder naval y conciencia marítima. Por lo tanto, se presentará un análisis del arancel de aduanas vigente, que deja en evidencia una afectación al desarrollo del Poder Naval relacionado con las subpartidas arancelarias específicas que son utilizadas en los procesos de mantenimiento de la fuerza naval, las cuales limitan la ejecución de proyectos de modernización de las capacidades estratégicas de la Armada República de Colombia - ARC. Por lo anterior, se presentarán las subpartidas arancelarias utilizadas de forma recurrente en dichos proyectos, que son de uso exclusivo para los componentes navales y que generan actualmente pago de aranceles, a pesar de que no afectan la producción nacional. Por último, se planteará una propuesta de modificación basadas en diferimientos arancelarios conforme a los vacíos encontrados en la actual legislación aduanera.
Inteligencia emocional, clima organizacional y estrés ocupacional en profesionales que prestan servicios en primera infancia
Authors: Tirado-Vides María Margarita , Cudris-Torres Lorena , Redondo-Marín Miladys Paola , Jiménez-Ruiz Luz Karine
Published: December 2020

El objetivo del artículo es establecer la relación entre inteligencia emocional, clima organizacional y estrés ocupacional en trabajadores que prestan servicios en primera infancia. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo de tipo correlacional de corte transversal, utilizando un muestreo no probabilístico, para la recuperación de los datos se aplicaron los cuestionarios de estrés ocupacional contenidos en el anexo técnico de la Resolución 2646, con el cuestionario de Inteligencia Emocional “Trait Meta Mood Scale” (TMSS24) y la Escala de Clima Organizacional (EDCO) a 150 empleados. La información fue analizada con el paquete estadístico SPSS con estadígrafos que permitan establecer correlaciones teniendo en cuenta el tipo de variable y la escala de medición. Los hallazgos indican que, existe correlación significativa entre el clima organizacional y el estrés laboral y de forma sorprendente, hubo la tendencia a que las personas que a mejor clima organizacional perciben mayores niveles de estrés laboral. Se concluye sobre la necesidad realizar programa de prevención primaria y secundaria donde se desarrollen actividades encaminadas a fortalecer la inteligencia emocional de los trabajadores y disminuir los niveles de estrés. En próximas investigaciones se deben incluir variables como evaluación de desempeño, liderazgo y trabajo en equipo.
Odpowiedzialność za przyszłe pokolenia – zakres i granice
Authors: Birnbacher Dietrich
Published: December 2020

Streszczenie nie jest dostepne.

Tekst publikowany jest w dwóch językach, angielskim i polskim. W dołączonym pliku najpierw zamieszczona jest wersja oryginalna, angielska, po niej, od strony 90, polskie tłumaczenie.
Ecology of women as a harmony of interior world and nature
Authors: Grochowska Irena
Published: December 2020

Abstract in English is not available
System prawno-administracyjny, modele i sposoby prowadzenia gospodarki odpadami w gminach (ogólne wiadomości)
Authors: Skowroński Antoni
Published: December 2020

The article touches actual principles and ways of waste economy leading in community. Community (Gmina) is a basic territorial unit of a local government which is obliged for environmental protection including assurance of cleanliness at its territory. The task can be fulfilled in different ways allowing actual rules of community, national and local rights. Pertaining to the rights, the article shows the analysis of legal and administrative aspects and in a synthetic way gathers and displays stages and methods of waste economy leading in community.
„Religion and Ecology” – nowy paradygmat poznawczy
Authors: Sadowski Ryszard F.
Published: December 2020

Ecological Crisis is one of the most valid and actual issues of the 21st century. People became conscious of the danger for the whole life on our planet. Nowadays almost all are engaged in the issue: politicians, scientists, artists, community authorities, journalists, ordinary people and even religious leaders. Since the early 1980s scientists tried to involve religion in the ecological field because of the long-term experience of religions in changing ordinary people’s live style. It seems that without essential change of the live style we will not secure basic resources for the future generations. Significance of the situation recognized also theologians and religion scientists from many religious traditions who started scientific research on ecological crisis from their point of view. Mary Tucker and John Girm organized in Harvard University (1996-1998) series of twelve conferences on ecology and different religious traditions. As the outcome of the conferences they founded Forum on Religion and Ecology which became a great platform for exchanging ideas and starting cooperation for the research on the issue. In the late 1990s in some universities were started first lectures concerning religion and ecology. Now several American and European universities propose graduate, postgraduate and even doctoral programs on religion and ecology. It seems that the new scientific field – „religion and ecology” is shaping in order to help recognize the ecological crisis in a wider perspective.
Homilia
Authors: Hoser Henryk
Published: December 2020

Streszczenie nie jest dostępne.
Rola badań diagnostyki laboratoryjnej w procesie leczenia (Konwersatorium: Medycyna na miarę człowieka)
Authors: Owczarek Henryk , Augustynowicz Anna
Published: December 2020

Streszczenie nie jest dostępne
Wprowadzenie do dyskusji panelowej (Konwersatorium: Medycyna na miarę człowieka)
Authors: Jachimczak Józef
Published: December 2020

Streszczenie nie jest dostępne.
Intervención pedagógica en procesos de titulación en la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional (Mexico)
Authors: Fernández Rincón Héctor Hernando
Published: December 2020

La sistematización de la experiencia de intervención que se presenta surge como propuesta para incrementar los índices de titulación en la licenciatura en pedagogía (en adelante LP) de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional (UPN) Unidad Ajusco. Se trata del diseño y desarrollo de un curso que se desarrolla durante dos semestres. Este curso cuenta con el apoyo de un apoyo virtual, montado sobre una plataforma Moodle. El objetivo global es que los estudiantes diseñen y desarrollen un proyecto de titulación. El curso inicia con 30 estudiantes y cuenta con cuatro asesores y un docente titular. En esta ponencia se describe en qué consiste el curso, cómo se ha venido desarrollando y los logros que, hasta el momento, se tienen.
Comunicação e educação no desenvolvimento de pesquisas no ProfLetras-UFTM
Authors: Nagamini Eliana
Published: December 2020

Estudos na interface Comunicação e Educação têm norteado reflexões fundamentais sobre processos formativos mais afeitos à contemporaneidade, na medida em que apontam a relevância da presença das linguagens midiáticas na sala de aula. Nesse sentido, a formação dos docentes é um dos fatores determinantes para que tais linguagens sejam inseridas na prática pedagógica. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as dissertações de mestrado, realizadas por professores-mestrandos do programa ProfLetras, da UFTM, cujo tema indicava o diálogo entre Comunicação e Educação. Foram selecionadas pesquisas desenvolvidas a partir de propostas de intervenção no ensino fundamental, que envolviam processos comunicacionais e educacionais para o ensino de língua portuguesa e literatura. Tais pesquisas revelaram a preocupação dos professores em alinharem a teoria à prática. E, ainda que tenham propostas de intervenção significativas e com resultados positivos, seria importante oferecer disciplinas específicas na interface Comunicação e Educação para um diálogo mais efetivo.
Saúde sexual e envelhecimento: revisão da literatura e apontamentos para a Educação Sexual
Authors: Bortolozzi Ana Cláudia , Netto Tatiana de Cássia Ramos
Published: December 2020

A expectativa de vida aumentou no Brasil e o envelhecimento, como um fenômeno biológico e psicossocial, é uma fase de atenção de profissionais e pesquisadores. Embora haja preconceitos sobre a sexualidade no envelhecimento, muitos idosos têm vida sexual ativa e são vulneráveis às infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Esta pesquisa documental realizou uma revisão da literatura sobre saúde sexual e envelhecimento, selecionando 68 artigos para análise de conteúdo. Os artigos foram encontrados entre 2001 e 2018, sendo a maior parte em 2015 e nas áreas da Enfermagem, Saúde Coletiva e Gerontologia. Os resultados foram descritos nas categorias: (A) Violência contra idosos (as); (B) Doenças e problemas físicos no envelhecimento; (C) Saúde sexual e sexualidade; (D) Vivências de idosos com HIV/Aids. (E) HIV/Aids e idosos: vulnerabilidade e prevenção. Conclui-se a necessidade da educação sexual para diminuir o nível de vulnerabilidade de pessoas idosas sobre a saúde sexual.
La educación inclusiva en el marco de la Educación Superior
Authors: Jácome Gloria Elena Landero , Álvarez María Cristina Miranda
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo muestra a la educación inclusiva como aquella que permite la construcción de dimensiones que promueven la equidad, la colaboración y el desarrollo en la comunidad universitaria de nuevas miradas hacia aquellos grupos tradicionalmente excluidos. Primero se revisa el concepto de educación inclusiva, reconociendo que aunque se han hecho progresos considerables en este tema, aún quedan algunos aspectos importantes que permanecen todavía sin resolver, en segundo lugar se advierte la necesidad de identificar algunos vacíos teóricos y procedimentales que plantean retos fundamentales para la formación docente del nivel superior y en tercer lugar se identifican aquellas estrategias que promueven la construcción de espacios incluyentes que buscan minimizar o reducir las barreras para la presencia, la participación y el aprendizaje de los estudiantes.
A Study of the Potential of Ecotourism Development in Konawe Islands Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia
Authors: Hidrawati Hidrawati , Normayasari Normayasari , Sahari Sariamin , Fyka Samsul , Yusria Wa
Published: December 2020

The ecotourism potential development in Konawe Islands, Southeast Sulawesi Province requires academic study as a foothold in region policy making by all development stakeholders. This study aims to provide data and information about the potential of natural resources could be the ecotourism object, analyzing the perceptions of local communities, and formulating strategic plan for ecotourism development. The study was conducted from April-October 2019. This research used quantitative methods with data that were collected from observations, interviews, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and literature studies. Data analysis was made using quality criteria scale of flora fauna diversity, SWOT analysis and litmus tests. The results of the study showed that Konawe Islands Regency has potential ecotourism objects in coastal-sea panoramas (Sawaea beach and Kampa beach), and in the mainland-hills with waterfalls panoramas (Tumburano waterfalls and Lanuku waterfalls). The results of importance/significance measurements indicate that the flora potential have a scale value of 3 (moderate), the fauna potential have scale of value 4 (good) and the potential criteria of "B", which indicates that the tourist attraction has a potential quality to be developed as ecotourism. Local people's perception is very positive because they believe there are economic, socio-cultural and ecological benefits from ecotourism development. The results of the SWOT analysis with the Litmus test found some main strategies in form program plans such as increasing the knowledge and skills tourism community, increasing the availability of capital financial for ecotourism businesses and development of ecotourism infrastructure facilities. Besides that, the main strategies from SWOT analysis result are promotion of ecotourism objects, the stipulation of rules about management of attractions; and deal with potential conflict issues and abrasion or erosion.
Impact of Government Policy on Tuna Commodities in Malang District, East Java
Authors: Wulandari Yeni , Suhartini Suhartini , Toiba Hery
Published: December 2020

Tuna commodity turns out to be one of fishery commodities contributing to an export increase by value above the average of 18.57%. This is an opportunity for Indonesia to improve the country's economy by utilizing existing fishery resources. Thus, government policies are needed in order to support the export performance of fishery products. This research was conducted to determine the impact of government policies toward tuna fish commodities in Malang. The method used was the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) that aimed at knowing the impact of government policies on tuna commodities. In this study, the respondents were 30 tuna fishermen at TPI Pondokdadap. The results of analysis showed that there were subsidies, taxes, and trade restrictions in input factor. Nonetheless, in output factor, fishermen did not receive subsidies. The existence of a policy on input is very helpful for fishermen so as to reduce production costs, while in the output policy the community receives more benefits at low output prices. However, it can be seen from the DRC and PCR values that they are less than one. This means that the tuna fish commodity in Malang still has comparative and competitive advantages in competitiveness.
Determination of the Boundaries of the Compressible Strata When Conducting Engineering Surveys
Authors: Dubrakova K. O. , Solodilova V. A.
Published: December 2020

Purpose of research. Errors and inaccuracies in the preparation of deliverables based on the results of engineering surveys which are an integral and important part of the design and estimate documentation, can lead to irreversible consequences and significantly reduce the life of buildings and structures. The main difficulty in investigating soil physical and mechanical properties at a construction site is to determine the depth of excavation. This is due to the fact that an increase in the calculated depth leads to the increase in the cost of work, and its decrease leads to the risk of inaccuracies and errors in the design of foundations of buildings and structures. In accordance with the current regulatory documents, the excavation depth during soil investigation should be 1-2 meters below the boundary of the compressible strata. The condition on the basis of which the specified boundary is determined is provided. The development of a technique that allows determining the depth of the compressible strata at the stage of engineering surveying with adequate accuracy is an important task from a practical standpoint. Methods. Determining natural stress Ϭzg,0 as the product of foundation depth d and the specific gravity of the soil above the base ɣ′ІІ,  , taking into account the fact that the average pressure tends to the value of the estimated resistance of the soil, it is shown that physical-mechanical structure of the base soil exerts the main influence on the parameters of the compressible strata, and correspondingly, to the excavation depth value. In this case, the stresses transferred by the foundation of a building or structure have an indirect effect. Results. The maximum values of the depth of excavation for engineering and geological surveying for tight coarse sand, medium density and fineness sand, and fine sand and sandy loam are determined. Conclusion. It is concluded that the given technique allows determining the depth of excavation during engineering and geological surveying with an adequate accuracy.
Aerodynamics and Heat Transfer of Swirling Natural Gas Flow in a Vortex Heat Exchanger of the Heating System of a Gas Control Point
Authors: Grigorova N. P. , Monastyrev P. V. , Pakhomova E. G. , Semicheva N. E.
Published: December 2020

Purpose of research. To obtain a two-parameter model characterizing the aerodynamic and heat exchange processes occurring in a vortex heat exchanger, giving a better agreement between the calculated and experimental values of the heat transfer coefficient taking into account the curvature of the swirling gas flow in a vortex heat exchanger, in which a controlled gas pressure drop is used as a source of thermal energy. This technical solution will make it possible to abandon the installation of autonomous sources of thermal energy, which will reduce the cost of gas as a fuel in the heating system of the industrial premises of the gas distribution point (GDP), as well as provide more comfortable working conditions for the hydraulic fracturing pressure regulator. Methods. Comprehensive analysis of thermal and hydraulic characteristics in a vortex heat exchanger is based on well-known theoretical positions and equations of motion of a swirling gas flow and heat exchange laws. Results. It is obtained a dependence that characterizes the intensification of heat transfer based on the influence of the axial and rotational speed, as well as the path of motion of the swirling gas flow. This dependence is obtained on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the aerodynamic and heat exchange characteristics of a vortex heat exchanger, in which a controlled gas pressure drop is used as a source of thermal energy. Conclusion. The obtained two-parameter model gives the best agreement of the calculated values of the heat transfer coefficient with the values obtained experimentally, which were used in the thermal engineering calculation of the design parameters of the vortex heat exchanger.