bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Higher Order Aberrations and Contrast Sensitivity After LASIK, Verisyse Phakic 1OL, and Array Multifocal IOL
Authors: Chandhrasri Sasivimon , Knorz Michael C
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate higher order aberrations and contrast sensitivity after LASIK, implantation of the Verisyse phakic intraocular lens (IOL), and refractive lens exchange with the Array multifocal IOL.

METHODS: In a prospective, non -randomized case series, LASIK was performed in 20 eyes with the Technolas 217z excimer laser (Bausch & Lomb, Rochester, NY), a Verisyse phakic IOL (AMO Ine, Santa Ana, Calif) was implanted in 11 eyes, and refractive lens exchange with implantation of a multifocal IOL (Array IOL, AMO Ine) was performed in 12 eyes. Wavefront error (Zywave aberrometer; Bausch & Lomb) at two pupil sizes (4 and 6 mm) and photopic contrast sensitivity (CVS-IOOO) was measured preoperatively and 2 months postoperatively in all eyes.

RESULTS: Photopic contrast sensitivity remained unchanged in the LASIK and the Verisyse groups, and decrease was significant in the Array group at three cycles per degree only. Higher order aberrations with a 4-mm pupil were increased in the Array group only. With a 6-mm pupil, they were increased in all groups. Comparing groups, surgically induced higher order aberrations were highest after refractive lens exchange with the Array multifocal IOL and lowest after implantation of the Verisyse IOL.

CONCLUSIONS: Laser in situ keratomileusis, the Verisyse IOL, and the Array IOL increase higher order aberrations at large pupil sizes, but no increase occurs at small pupil sizes with LASIK or the Verisyse IOL. Contrast sensitivity in photopic conditions is normal with LASIK and the Verisyse IOL, but slightly reduced with the Array IOL due to the multifocal optic. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:231-236.]
Outcome of LASIK for Myopia in Women on Hormone Replacement Therapy
Authors: O'Doherty Maeve A , O'Doherty John V , O'Keefe Michael
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of hormone treatment on refractive and visual outcome after LASIK in women.

METHODS: A retrospective review of the hospital notes of all women on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and oral contraceptives at the time of LASIK was performed. Their refractive and visual outcomes were compared with those of women not on hormone treatment.

RESULTS: At 6 months after LASIK, 20 (45%) HRT eyes and 61 (75%) control eyes had a visual acuity of 2*20/20. Thirty-six (82%) eyes from the HRT group and 74 (91%) eyes from the control group could see > 2 0/40. A statistically significant difference was noted in both refractive and visual outcome in women taking HRT at the time of surgery in comparison to controls. Women on the oral contraceptive pill did not differ in outcome from controls.

CONCLUSIONS: Women on HRT are at an increased risk of refractive regression after LASIK. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:350-353.]
El hombre que quería saberlo todo. Bacon entre los científicos del siglo XVII
Authors: Solís Santos Carlos
Published: December 2018

Para evitar tanto la vieja historiografía presentista como la tendencia de algunos hermeneutas actuales a justificar cualesquiera desarrollos de los autores del pasado, se estudian las reacciones inmediatas a la filosofía y la política de la ciencia de Bacon. Bacon fue festejado por su promoción del desarrollo colectivo del saber que consideraba alcanzable con la debida organización y financiación. Gracias a ello, influyó en las principales sociedades científicas nacionales de mediados del siglo XVII. No obstante, su peculiar formación y práctica científica debilitaron sus análisis de los procedimientos usados en la ciencia avanzada de la época, mientras que sus ejemplos de la base empírica de la inducción (las historias naturales) están llenos de especulaciones sin fundamento empírico, llegando a recopilar no tanto hechos y experimentos, cuanto habladurías e informes contenidos en todo tipo de libros. El efecto de todo ello, unido a la idea de que este tipo filológico de historia puede ser practicada por gente común sin capacidad ni formación especial, se puede rastrear en los equipos de investigación con los que la Royal Society trató inútilmente de organizar su trabajo colectivo. Frente a los reformadores sociales, los principales científicos del siglo XVII desestimaron sus ideas científicas.
“En buena mediçina”. Las fuentes médicas del discurso de Céspedes ante la Inquisición
Authors: Moral de Calatrava Paloma
Published: December 2018

Uno de los hermafroditas más afamados del siglo XVI español fue Céspedes, un cirujano que trató de persuadir a la Inquisición de que la doble mutación corporal que sufrió era un proceso natural. Céspedes afirmó que la transformación de Elena comenzó cuando dio a luz y fue completada mediante cirugía, pero Eleno volvió a su forma femenina de nuevo en la cárcel, porque un cáncer le forzó a cortarse el pene. En este trabajo estudio el testimonio de Céspedes conocido por la historiografía como el ‘discurso de su vida’, analizo los argumentos que utilizó para convencer al tribunal de sus transmutaciones consecutivas de acuerdo a su biblioteca e identifico los tres textos médicos en romance en los que se basó.
La asistencia sanitaria a los heridos y enfermos del exilio republicano español en Francia: de la improvisación inicial a los campos de concentración (enero- septiembre 1939)
Authors: Mirón-González Rubén , González-Canalejo Carmen
Published: December 2018

El final de la Guerra Civil Española en Cataluña supuso un punto de inflexión en la vida de casi medio millón de refugiados españoles que traspasaron la frontera pirenaica en el invierno de 1939. En este gran afluente, existieron más de 13.000 heridos y enfermos que tuvieron que ser atendidos por toda la geografía francesa. Con esta investigación, se visibiliza cuáles fueron los itinerarios de los heridos, dónde fueron atendidos y qué características tuvo la asistencia sanitaria hasta que la mayoría de los pacientes fueron reconducidos a campos de concentración situados en el sur de Francia. Nos encontramos ante una realidad compleja que ha sido abordada con documentación localizada en una docena de archivos históricos franceses, testimonios directos y prensa general. Entre los resultados, cabe destacar la necesidad de improvisación de la III República Francesa en materia asistencial, ya que el 70% de los refugiados fueron asistidos en centros acondicionados para la ocasión. En los hospitales, quienes atendieron fueron en su mayoría profesionales sanitarios españoles. Realizaron su labor de una manera digna, a pesar de las restricciones de las autoridades francesas hacia lo que ellos consideraron “el problema español”.
Ciencia y justicia en los tiempos del cólera: el misterio de los bizcochos de Torroja (1865)
Authors: Bertomeu Sánchez José Ramón
Published: December 2018

A través de un caso de envenenamiento colectivo de 1865, se analizan cuatro ingredientes característicos de las culturas forenses: las tecnologías de la prueba, las voces autorizadas, el marco legislativo en acción y las ansiedades sociales predominantes. Se emplean noticias de prensa local y la documentación conservada en las academias de medicina de Barcelona y Madrid. El caso estudiado muestra las tensiones entre diversos tipos de pruebas y las ambigüedades en el diagnóstico de enfermedades epidémicas y envenenamientos. Se estudia, en primer lugar, los temores provocados por la epidemia de cólera de 1865, con el que se asociaron inicialmente las muertes. También se analizan los cambios de percepción en la población a través de las noticias aparecidas. Se reconstruye de este modo la situación que condicionó la investigación judicial y la labor posterior de los peritos. Se estudian las limitaciones económicas para la implantación del cuerpo de médicos forenses y las tensiones entre médicos y farmacéuticos respecto a la gestión de los diferentes tipos de pruebas.
Quod vi agat feminam. Autoridad marital y violencia doméstica en el discurso normativo y patrístico en la Hispania tardoantigua
Authors: Gallego Franco Henar
Published: December 2018

Desde el marco metodológico de los estudios especializados sobre la violencia doméstica y el maltrato de la casada en la Antigüedad tardía, el trabajo analiza los textos legislativos seculares y canónicos y el discurso patrístico cristiano producido en Hispania en este período (ss. V-VII d. C.) para explorar la relación entre los conceptos de matrimonio y de autoridad marital, tal y como se reflejan en estas fuentes, y la posibilidad de un ejercicio legitimado de violencia de los maridos sobre las mujeres casadas en la sociedad hispana tardoantigua. Se contribuye también a situar a dicha sociedad en el contexto de las construcciones socioculturales comunes del Occidente tardoantiguo vinculadas al problema histórico de la violencia doméstica y marital.
Con ellos solos no, pero sin ellos tampoco: los poderosos en el origen y formación de las instituciones cenobíticas según el monasterio jerónimo cordobés de Valparaíso
Authors: Gómez Navarro Soledad
Published: December 2018

Partiendo del consenso historiográfico sobre el indudable peso e influjo de las élites laicas y eclesiásticas en la fundación de monasterios en la España Moderna, este trabajo, a través del específico pero muy significativo caso de los jerónimos cordobeses de Valparaíso, desvela cómo se produce concretamente aquel proceso, aportando un modelo al efecto desde la historia local —que no localista—, con el análisis de la familia impulsora y su acción a tal fin, e indicando los distintos factores que lo propiciaron.
Reliquias globales en el mundo jesuítico (siglos XVI-XVIII)
Authors: Coello de la Rosa Alexandre
Published: December 2018

Tras las persecuciones romanas llevadas a cabo por el emperador Diocleciano (284-305 AC), el aumento de reliquias y su fragmentación obligó a la Iglesia católica no solo a regular su producción sino también su autenticidad. A partir del siglo XVI los jesuitas dejaron una significativa cantidad de santos y beatos mártires en las misiones de Europa, Asia y América, certificando el principio de universalidad constitutivo de la identidad jesuita. Huesos de cuerpos difuntos, pedazos de jubones negros, crucifijos y objetos sagrados circularon con rapidez por todo el orbe cristiano, contribuyendo a extender la fe en los nuevos espacios extraeuropeos. En este estudio planteo que el culto de las reliquias no puede desligarse de una perspectiva global de la misión jesuita, articulada con una “demanda de lo santo” en las periferias hispano-lusas que se adaptó rápidamente al contexto local. Las islas Marianas, situadas en las periferias del imperio hispano, ejemplifican un espacio de frontera donde los mártires de la Compañía de Jesús, como modelos de la dedicación evangélica en las partes más alejadas del mundo conocido, se convirtieron en productores y distribuidores de reliquias.
El sentimiento religioso en el debate político de 1869 en España
Authors: González Manso Ana Isabel
Published: December 2018

En este estudio analizamos el concepto de religión y los conceptos cercanos de tolerancia y libertad de conciencia en el seno del debate constitucional que se produjo en España con el fin de establecer la libertad de cultos en 1869. A través del análisis del diferente significado y contenido, que dieron los publicistas del momento a estos conceptos, pretendemos llegar a una mejor comprensión de las diferentes posturas defendidas por los mismos.
Falange versus Opus Dei. Política y religión en la Posguerra española (1939-1945)
Authors: Díaz Hernández Onésimo
Published: December 2018

Este artículo versa acerca de la elaboración de unos informes de Falange sobre el Opus Dei en los primeros años del franquismo. El primer informe (16.I.1942), un documento de 3 hojas, se tituló «Informe confidencial sobre la Organización secreta Opus Dei». El segundo (2.VI.1943), de 59 páginas, se llamó «Opus Dei. Su organización, fines y medios». El tercero (18.I.1944), 28 páginas, se denominó «Ampliación de informe: confidencial sobre la Organización Secreta Opus Dei». Entre otras cuestiones, se trata de responder quién fue el autor de estos informes, por qué la animadversión de Falange hacia el Opus Dei, etcétera.
An Adaptive Learning System based on Knowledge Level for English Learning
Authors: Sfenrianto Sfenrianto , Hartarto Yustinus B. , Akbar Habibullah , Mukhtar Mukhneri , Efriadi Efriadi , Wahyudi Mochamad
Published: December 2018

Traditional learning approaches in teaching English assume that learners have same background, ability, and requirements. In this study, we propose an adaptive learning systems-knowledge level (ALS-KL) is a learning system that can personalize materials due to proficiency level of English language learners. A pre-test is given to measure the proficiency level of learners. The level is divided into elementary, intermediate and advanced. The ALS-KL provides the most suitable materials according to the needs of the learners. We applied the proposed system on 90 learners with different English proficiency level. The effectiveness of the system was evaluated using post-test. The results of the post-test showed that the proposed system was able to improve learners with intermediate-level and advanced level 1.5 times and 4 times respectively while reducing the number of learners with elementary-level by more than 50%. These indicate the effectiveness of the proposed system.
Experiential Learning in Bioinformatics – Learner Support for Complex Workflow Modelling and Analysis
Authors: Mallawaarachchi Vijini , Wickaramarachchi Anuradha , Weliwita Anuradha , Perera Indika , Meedeniya Dulani
Published: December 2018

Bioinformatics is focused on deriving biological understanding from large amounts of data with specialized skills and computational tools. Students, who wish to pursue a career as a bioinformatician, are required to have a good understanding in biology and computer science. One of the challenging areas for a student learning in bioinformatics is complex workflow modelling and analysis; it incorporates several threshold concepts and liminal spaces for student learning, which demands higher levels of cognitive skills, active exploration and reflective reinforcement in student learning. Hence, proper learning material and interactive tools are required to support student learning through active exploration and experiential learning. The study presents the successful use of such a learner support tool, BioWorkflow [1], we developed to be used in bioinformatics teaching and research. An evaluation was done with a student sample (n=80), where the first group (n1=40) was given only the relevant course material and the second group (n2=40) was given the course material along with BioWorkflow to visualize concepts relevant to sequence alignment and workflow modelling. Better learning engagement during the experiment, better performance at advanced questions and a positive user response were observed from the students who used BioWorkflow tool, compared to the control group. Student feedback strongly supported the fact that tools similar to BioWorkflow are an essential element for enhancing teaching and learner support in bioinformatics; students appreciated the tool usability and its help obtained for scoring high grades at the assessment.
A Web-based Instrument to Initialize Learning Style: An Interactive Questionnaire Instrument
Authors: Ahmadaliev Doniyorbek Qambaralievich , Xiaohui Chen , Abduvohidov Murodjon
Published: December 2018

Being able to detect and address individual learners’ learning preferences can be a basis for effective learning and teaching. Many researches are contributing to define the potential differences of individual preferences in learning. In this paper, we present an interactive Web-based instrument to initiate students’ learning style. The instrument uses learner’s interaction with learning objects as hint and representing them as the students’ learning style. By applying the instrument, we have been able to detect initial learning styles accurately. Evaluation of our experimental results showed high precision. Besides, very high satisfactory feedbacks were received from students. Based on the mentioned benefits and study results, our method has potential influence on defining individual’s preference in learning
A Study of Using Smart Book to Enhance Communication Ability for Hearing-Impaired Students
Authors: Mingsiritham Kemmanat , Chanyawudhiwan Gan
Published: December 2018

This research aimed to study the use of smart book to enhance communication ability and satisfaction of hearing-impaired students. The content for the research composed of three aspects; 1) Travelling by BTS, 2) Getting a personal identification (ID), and 3) Accessing health care service. The samples were 10 hearing-impaired high school students derived from purposive sampling. The research instruments were smart book, evaluation form of communication ability and questionnaire of satisfaction. The data was statistically analyzed by mean, standard deviation, and content analysis.

The research findings were as follow:

1. The evaluation on communication ability found that the students gained the communication ability at the level of “good”. (X ̅=2.84, S.D. = .37) Considering on any item, the students was able to communicate with others with most frequency (X ̅= 3.00, S.D. = 0.00), the less was that the students were able to choose the content for communication (X ̅= 2.90, S.D. = 0.32), and the students were able to apply in real situation, and applied the use of application to others. (X ̅= 2.80, S.D. = 0.42)

2. The evaluation on satisfaction of the students to the smart book found that the quality of smart book was at the level of “most”. (X ̅=4.52, S.D. = .58) Considering on any item, the application for communication ability was valuable for use with the most average (X ̅= 4.90, S.D. = 0.32), the less was that the application was able to search for keywords conveniently and fast (X ̅= 4.80, S.D. = 0.42), and the clarification of using sign language for explaining the content respectively. (X ̅= 4.70, S.D. = 0.48)
Factors that Influence the Adoption of Postgraduate Online Courses
Authors: Martinho Domingos Santos , Santos Eulália Maria , Miguel Maria Isabel , Cordeiro Dina Sousa
Published: December 2018

A research about factors that lead students to choose online courses, as well as the acceptance of these courses, can provide very relevant information for higher education institutions’ decision makers to amend these offers to students’ interests and needs. An investigation through questionnaire was developed involving students who attended online post-graduate courses. It was intended to know which factors affect students' decision to opt for postgraduate online courses. A model, based on the TAM (Technology Acceptance Model), was tested to find out what factors determine the intention to use online learning. The results shows that most respondents favour online courses and that their decision, when choosing this type of course, is mainly influenced by time management flexibility, avoiding going to school and the course curriculum interest. The test of the model, with structural equations, shows that attitude regarding online courses and perceived usefulness are factors that predict the intention to use. It was also concluded that the perceived ease of use induces a direct and indirect effect on the intention to use. The most significant results are consistent with published studies and can help the higher education institutions to define offer and communication strategies to reach a greater number of candidates for online learning.
De l’importance symbolique aux limites juridiques du prix Nobel de la paix 2018
Authors: Yzermans Manon
Published: December 2018

Le Prix Nobel de la paix récompense chaque année, comme le voulait Alfred Nobel, « la personnalité ou la communauté ayant le plus ou le mieux contribué au rapprochement des peuples, à la suppression ou à la réduction des armées permanentes, à la réunion et à la propagation des progrès pour la paix »1. Cette année, ce prix a été décerné à deux acteurs de la lutte contre l’utilisation des violences sexuelles en tant qu’arme de guerre, Denis Mukwege et Nadia Murad. Un tel choix illustre l’émergence croissante, en droit international, de la prohibition des violences de genre en temps de guerre, mais également les limites de l’exercice d’octroi annuel du « prix nobel de la paix ».
The most complex theory of the symmetric impact of the vibrating digging working tool on the sugar beet root
Authors: Bulgakov Volodymyr , Beloev Hristo , Holovach Ivan , Kročko Vladimir , Nozdrovicky Ladislav , Findura Pavol
Published: December 2018

When digging sugar beet root out of the soil by using a vibration digging working tools, there occur impact contacts of the working tools and sugar beet roots placed in the soil. Such phenomena are formed mainly in conditions of dry and solid soil. The consequence of this is a significant impact contact tails breaks, chips or damage of the side surfaces of roots, which leads ultimately to a non-return losses on sugar mass. Therefore there is a need to develop the basic provisions of the refined theory of impact interaction of a vibrating digging working tool with the body of the sugar beet root fixed in the soil, and on the basis of the results obtained to justify rational kinematic and structural parameters of advanced vibration digging working tool. Within the research there was used the methods of higher mathematics, theoretical mechanics, programming and numerical calculations on the PC. We have developed a refined theory of impact interaction of digging of the working body of the sugar beet harvester with the body of sugar beet root during vibratory digging of sugar beet roots from the dry and solid soil. On the basis of obtained equations and their numerical solution by PC programme it was possible to define the kinematic and structural parameters of vibration digging working tool that will ensure the conditions not to damage or break the tails of the sugar beet roots during their digging out from the dry and solid soil. We have investigated the so-called symmetric impact of the vibrating digging working body and the body of sugar beet root. As shown by calculations of the obtained theoretical dependencies and confirmed experimental studies, for the range of reduced masses of the vibrating excavating organ 0.8-2.0 kg, the translational velocity 1.3-2.2 m∙s–1, the depth in the soil 0.08-0.12 m and the vibration amplitude 0.008-0.024 m for shock interaction, which is most likely in dry and solid soil, the permissible oscillation frequency of scooping coulter is 10.0-18.0 Hz.
Which prognostic score for abdominal sepsis? Analysis of final results of PIPAS (Physiological Indicators for Prognosis in Abdominal Sepsis) study in a single center
Authors: Raimondo Stefano , Sartelli Massimo , Coccolini Federico , Fugazzola Paola , Bova Raffaele , Tomasoni Matteo , Catena Fausto , Ansaloni Luca
Published: December 2018

Intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs) constitute an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Numerous risk factors may influence prognosis of cIAIs. This study aims to evaluate which parameters and scores may better predict prognostic outcomes in cIAIs. This is a single-center prospective observational study. Data from sixty-five patients were collected during a four-month period. Univariate and multivariate analysis for physiological parameters and ROC curves for SIRS, qSOFA and WISS scores were calculated in relation to mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and surgical complications. Blood oxygen saturation level (SpO2), heart and respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure (SBP), level of consciousness, INR, C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cells, source control and health care-acquired infections affect prognosis in cIAIs according to univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis level of consciousness, SpO2, CRP, diffuse peritonitis, INR and SBP significantly influenced prognosis in cIAIs. AUROC for WISS score were 0.89 for mortality, 0.86 for major complications, 0.76 for ICU admission. In our study many risk factors adversely affect prognostic outcomes in cIAIs; PIPAS study probably may provide even better results on that. Moreover, WISS score reached remarkable performance in predicting mortality and major surgical complications in abdominal sepsis; qSOFA did not achieve satisfactory results in none of analyzed outcomes.
Formation of a complex between HD-GYP, GGDEF and PilZ domain proteins regulates motility in Xanthomonas campestris
Authors: An Shi-qi , Tang Ji-liang
Published: December 2018

RpfG is a member of a class of wide spread bacterial two-component regulators with an HD-GYP cyclic di-GMP phosphodiesterase domain. In the plant pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), RpfG together with the sensor kinase RpfC regulates the synthesis of a range of virulence factors as a response to the cell-cell Diffusible Signaling Factor (DSF). RpfG regulates many different virulence factors by divergent pathways. Physical interaction of RpfG with two diguanylate cyclase (GGDEF) domain proteins controls motility. This is a dynamic interaction that depends upon DSF signaling and involves the conserved GYP motif in the HD-GYP domain. Here we use synthetic peptide overlay technology and yeast two-hybrid analysis in conjunction with alanine substitution mutagenesis to define a motif within the GGDEF domain proteins required for interaction. We show that regulation of motility by the GGDEF domain proteins depends upon this motif. Furthermore, we show by Y2H that both GGDEF domain proteins bind a specific PilZ domain adaptor protein, and this interacts with the pilus motor proteins PilU and PiIT. The results support a model in which DSF signaling influences motility through the interaction of proteins that affect pilus action. The motif required for HD-GYP domain interaction is conserved in a number of GGDEF domain proteins, suggesting that regulation via interdomain interactions may be of broad relevance.
Self-management in lymphedema
Authors: Damstra Robert J.
Published: December 2018

Not available
First record of Botryococcus braunii Kützing from Namibia
Authors: Janse van Vuuren Sanet , Levanets Anatoliy
Published: December 2018

Background: Botryococcus braunii is well known from all continents, but it has been sparsely recorded from Africa compared to other continents. The alga recently formed a rusty orange-red bloom in the Tilda Viljoen Dam, situated near Gobabis in Namibia. Blooms of this species are known to produce allelopathic substances that inhibit the growth and diversity of other phytoplankton, zooplankton and fish.Objectives: The objective of this study was to record the presence of B. braunii in Namibia.Method: Morphological features of the species were compared with illustrations and literature on B. braunii found in other continents of the world, particularly North America and Europe. Extensive literature surveys revealed its currently known geographical distribution.Results: The organism responsible for the discolouration of the water was identified as B. braunii. Microscopic examination revealed large colonies that floated in a thick layer on the surface of the water. Literature searches on the geographical distribution of B. braunii revealed that this was the first record of this species’ presence in Namibia.Conclusion: The known geographical distribution of B. braunii was expanded to include Namibia.
VACTERL association – Ultrasound findings and autopsy correlation
Authors: Gaur Naman Kumar , Gokhale Sudheer
Published: December 2018

VACTERL (vertebral, anal, cardiac, tracheoesophagus, renal, and limbs) is an abbreviation for the congenital group of abnormalities, including vertebral or vascular anomalies, anal atresia, cardiac defects, tracheoesophageal – fistula/esophageal atresia, renal defects, and limbs defects. It is a rare association and not accidental event where several organs are affected by developmental defects during blastogenesis. The exact cause is unknown; however, several environmental and genetic factors are included in literature. Three components out of seven are used to label as VACTERL. The combination is necessary, but the patient may have other congenital malformations as well. We present here an antenatal scan with autopsy correlation of one of the forms of VACTERL association spectrum.
Isolated spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea as a rare presentation of idiopathic intracranial hypertension: Case reports with comprehensive review of literature
Authors: Soin Priti , Afzaal Umer M , Sharma Pranav , Kochar Puneet S
Published: December 2018

Isolated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhoea as a sole presenting symptom of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is extremely rare. IIH typically presents with headache, pulsatile tinnitus, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and visual disturbance. We report two cases which presented with acute onset spontaneous CSF rhinorrhoea without any other symptom. In addition, we discuss in detail imaging features of IIH with review of its literature.
Evaluation of lung transplant perfusion using iodine maps from novel spectral detector computed tomography
Authors: Hokamp Nils Große , Gupta Amit
Published: December 2018

We report the case of a 51-year-old patient who underwent bilateral lung transplantation and presented with an unstable condition and sepsis 6 days after transplantation. The performed contrast enhanced spectral detector computed tomography (CT) using a dual-layer detector showed absence of perfusion in the left lung on iodine maps, although branches of the pulmonary artery were patent. This prompted retrospective evaluation of CT images and total venous occlusion of the left pulmonary veins was found. Here, iodine maps helped in raising conspicuity of loss of lung perfusion.
Myocardial nulling pattern in cardiac amyloidosis on time of inversion scout magnetic resonance imaging sequence – A new observation of temporal variability
Authors: Mahalingam Harshavardhan , Chacko Binita Riya , Irodi Aparna , Joseph Elizabeth , Vimala Leena R , Thomson Viji Samuel
Published: December 2018

Context: The pattern of myocardial nulling in the inversion scout sequence [time of inversion scout (TIS)] of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an accurate tool to detect cardiac amyloidosis. The pattern of nulling of myocardium and blood at varying times post gadolinium injection and its relationship with left ventricular mass (LVM) in amyloidosis have not been described previously. Aims: The aim is to study the nulling pattern of myocardium and blood at varying times in TIS and assess its relationship with LVM and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in amyloidosis. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of 109 patients with clinical suspicion of cardiac amyloidosis who underwent MRI. Of these, 30 had MRI features of amyloidosis. The nulling pattern was assessed at 5 (TIS5min) and 10 (TIS10min) minutes (min) post contrast injection. Nulling pattern was also assessed at 3min (TIS3min) in four patients and 7min (TIS7min) in five patients. Myocardial mass index was calculated. Mann-Whitney U test was done to assess statistical difference in the myocardial mass index between patients with and without reversed nulling pattern (RNP) at TIS5min. Results: RNP was observed in 58% at TIS5minand 89.6% at TIS10min. Myocardial mass index was significantly higher in patients with RNP at TIS5min[mean = 94.87 g/m2; standard deviation (SD) =17.63) when compared with patients with normal pattern (mean = 77.61 g/m2; SD = 17.21) (U = 18; P = 0.0351). Conclusion: In cardiac amyloidosis, TIS sequence shows temporal variability in nulling pattern. Earlier onset of reverse nulling pattern shows a trend toward more LVM and possibly more severe amyloid load.
Fuel Components and Systems Leak Tightness Specifications and Test Practices (or Methods)
Authors:   Fuel Systems Standards Committee
Published: December 2018

This SAE recommended practice specifies a standard geometry leak channel to set the leak threshold and compare results from a variety of leak test technologies and test conditions. This practice applies to fuel system assemblies and components which have a risk of allowing regulated fuel or fuel vapors to continuously escape to atmosphere. A component or assembly tested to this standard has a zero HC leakage threshold because the selected leak channel (Equivalent Channel) will self-plug and will not emit measurable hydrocarbon liquid or vapors. Therefore this standard eliminates leaks as a source of evaporative emission. This practice was primarily developed for pressurized and non-pressurized fuel systems and components containing liquid hydrocarbon based fuels.
Quebrando relógios, desconstruindo identidades, buscando a justiça (se é que ela é possível): pensando (n)os limites com Jacques Derrida e Walter Benjamin.
Authors: Pinto Filipe Barreiros Barbosa Alves
Published: December 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo investigar de que forma Walter Benjamin e Jacques Derrida interpretam os conceitos de identidade, justiça e história. Também é importante analisar como, na visão desses autores, esses conceitos se relacionam e como as duas interpretações desses autores se aproximam ou se afastam. A partir dessa discussão desenvolvo a hipótese de que Walter Benjamin, assim como Jacques Derrida, pode ser considerado um autor dos limites, ou seja, um autor que se interessa com o fronteiriço, com as (im)possibilidades que os conceitos oferecem e com as aporias. É a partir do trabalho sobre os limites que esses autores parecem desenvolver suas principais teses e é sobre esse ponto que esse artigo se debruça para abrir novas questões e tentar descobrir novos caminhos para refletir sobre aqueles conceitos apontados no início.
O conceito de “Liberdade de expressão”
Authors: Silva Peterson Roberto da
Published: December 2018

Com vistas a conceituar a liberdade de expressão uma análise da história do conceito é feita a partir da modernidade, evidenciando como a tolerância em Locke transforma-se em liberdade de consciência e imprensa e chega a um conceito familiar em Mill. São discutidas “atualizações contemporâneas” ao conceito, desenvolvimentos teóricos que não alteram profundamente o conceito como enquadrado por Mill, mas constituem mudanças específicas. São comparadas ideias de autores como Meiklejohn, Emerson, Haiman, Baker, Sunstein, Bollinger e Fish. A análise possibilita a construção de um conceito de liberdade de expressão que reconhece a natureza política e contextual do mesmo, providenciando subsídios teóricos para o debate público sobre o tema.
A contribuição neokantiana para a fundação das ciências sociais
Authors: Lobo Iann Endo
Published: December 2018

O presente artigo pretende tratar da importância do pensamento neokantiano para o desenvolvimento das ciências sociais. Para tanto, foca nas ideias de alguns pensadores da escola neokantiana de Baden, sobretudo, Wilhelm Windelband e Heinrich Ricker, enquanto analisa a influência dessa escola na sociologia weberiana, principalmente no que tange seu aspecto espistemológico e metodológico. Assim, o artigo é dividido em três partes. A primeira se concentra na contextualização histórica e nos problemas gerais com os quais se depara o neokantismo. Enquanto A segunda visa analisar o modo como Rickert e Windelband categorizam os diferentes tipos de conhecimento e formas de saberes científicos, apontando as afinidades dos teóricos com Weber. Por fim, a terceira seção se encarrega de analisar a discussão acerca da relação entre ciência e valores, segundo Rickert, novamente evidenciando sua importância na fundamentação da sociologia weberiana.
What climate signal is contained in decadal- to centennial-scale isotope variations from Antarctic ice cores?
Authors: Münch Thomas , Laepple Thomas
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Ice-core-based records of isotopic composition are a proxy for past
temperatures and can thus provide information on polar climate variability
over a large range of timescales. However, individual isotope records are
affected by a multitude of processes that may mask the true temperature
variability. The relative magnitude of climate and non-climate contributions
is expected to vary as a function of timescale, and thus it is crucial to
determine those temporal scales on which the actual signal dominates the
noise. At present, there are no reliable estimates of this timescale
dependence of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Here, we present a simple
method that applies spectral analyses to stable-isotope data from multiple
cores to estimate the SNR, and the signal and noise variability, as a
function of timescale. The method builds on separating the contributions from
a common signal and from local variations and includes a correction for the
effects of diffusion and time uncertainty. We apply our approach to firn-core
arrays from Dronning Maud Land (DML) in East Antarctica and from the West
Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS). For DML and decadal to multi-centennial
timescales, we find an increase in the SNR by nearly 1 order of magnitude
(∼0.2 at decadal and ∼1.0 at multi-centennial scales). The estimated
spectrum of climate variability also shows increasing variability towards
longer timescales, contrary to what is traditionally inferred from single
records in this region. In contrast, the inferred variability spectrum for
WAIS stays close to constant over decadal to centennial timescales, and the
results even suggest a decrease in SNR over this range of timescales. We
speculate that these differences between DML and WAIS are related to
differences in the spatial and temporal scales of the isotope signal,
highlighting the potentially more homogeneous atmospheric conditions on the
Antarctic Plateau in contrast to the marine-influenced conditions on WAIS. In
general, our approach provides a methodological basis for separating local
proxy variability from coherent climate variations, which is applicable to a
large set of palaeoclimate records.
A continuum model (PSUMEL1) of ice mélange and its role during retreat of the Antarctic Ice Sheet
Authors: Pollard David , DeConto Robert M. , Alley Richard B.
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Rapidly retreating thick ice fronts can generate large amounts of mélange
(floating ice debris), which may affect episodes of rapid retreat of
Antarctic marine ice. In modern Greenland fjords, mélange provides
substantial back pressure on calving ice faces, which slows ice front calving
rates. On the much larger scales of West Antarctica, it is unknown if
mélange could clog seaways and provide enough back pressure to act as a
negative feedback slowing retreat. Here we describe a new mélange model,
using a continuum-mechanical formulation that is computationally feasible for
long-term continental Antarctic applications. It is tested in an idealized
rectangular channel and calibrated very basically using observed modern
conditions in Jakobshavn fjord, West Greenland. The model is then applied to
drastic retreat of Antarctic ice in response to warm mid-Pliocene climate.
With mélange parameter values that yield reasonable modern Jakobshavn
results, Antarctic marine ice still retreats drastically in the Pliocene
simulations, with little slowdown despite the huge amounts of mélange
generated. This holds both for the rapid early collapse of West Antarctica
and for later retreat into major East Antarctic basins. If parameter values
are changed to make the mélange much more resistive to flow, far outside
the range for reasonable Jakobshavn results, West Antarctica still collapses
and retreat is slowed or prevented only in a few East Antarctic basins.
Projected changes to extreme freezing precipitation and design ice loads over North America based on a large ensemble of Canadian regional climate model simulations
Authors: Jeong Dae Il , Cannon Alex J. , Zhang Xuebin
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Atmospheric ice accretion caused by freezing precipitation (FP) can lead to severe damage and failure of buildings and infrastructure. This study investigates projected changes to extreme ice loads – those used to design infrastructure over North America (NA) – for future periods of specified global mean temperature change (GMTC), relative to a recent 1986–2016 period, using a large 50 member initial condition ensemble of the CanRCM4 regional climate model driven by CanESM2 under the RCP8.5 scenario. The analysis is based on three-hourly ice accretions on horizontal, vertical, and radial surfaces calculated based on FP diagnosed by the offline Bourgouin algorithm as well as wind speed during FP. The CanRCM4 ensemble projects an increase in future design ice loads for most of northern NA and decreases for most of southern NA and some northeastern coastal regions. These changes are mainly caused by regional increases in future upper level and surface temperatures associated with global warming. Projected changes in design ice thickness are also affected by changes in future precipitation intensity and surface wind speed. Changes in upper level and surface temperature conditions for FP occurrence in CanRCM4 are in broad agreement with those from nine global climate models, but display regional differences under the same level of global warming, indicating that a larger multi-model, multi-scenario ensemble may be needed to better account for additional sources of structural and scenario uncertainty. Increases in ice accretion for latitudes higher than 40° N are substantial and would have clear implications for future building and infrastructure design.
Embarcaciones prehistóricas y representaciones rupestres. Nuevos datos del abrigo de Laja Alta (Jimena de la Frontera, Cádiz)
Authors: Morgado Antonio , García-Alfonso Eduardo , García del Moral Luis F. , Benavides José A. , Rodríguez-Tovar Francisco J. , Esquivel José A.
Published: December 2018

Las representaciones esquemáticas del abrigo de Laja Alta (Jimena de la Frontera, España) son el testimonio más claro de la existencia en la antigüedad de embarcaciones a vela en el Mediterráneo occidental. Mayoritariamente se han venido adscribiendo al I o finales del II milenio a.C. Este artículo ofrece nuevos calcos y datos para una mejor comprensión del conjunto de motivos del abrigo. Entre los resultados obtenidos planteamos cuestionar la anterior cronología. Las dataciones absolutas confirman su frecuentación entre el IV-III milenio a.C., durante el Neolítico Reciente y Calcolítico del sur de Iberia. Una época de importantes transformaciones en la región. Además, el resto de resultados obtenidos son leídos en términos de datación relativa (tipos de motivos, su contexto cultural, análisis de pigmentos mediante reflectancia óptica y superposición de figuras), no apartándose de las dataciones obtenidas. La distribución espacial de las figuras indica que los barcos ocupan el centro de la cavidad, son el tema principal de Laja Alta, el resto está determinado por la escena naval. Esta conclusión tiene implicaciones históricas para la transferencia de tecnologías, bienes e ideas que dieron forma a las sociedades del Neolítico Reciente y la Edad del Cobre de Europa occidental y norte de África.
Un proyecto innovador en arqueología. El uso de material audiovisual como recurso didáctico en la enseñanza universitaria
Authors: Casado Rigalt Daniel
Published: December 2018

Los mecanismos de aprendizaje necesitan ser replanteados. El aula física se ha convertido en un espacio limitado de generación del conocimiento y la universidad ha caído en una trampa burocrática que lastra la viabilidad académica. La vídeo-lección y la vídeo-entrevista se están revelando como dos herramientas de enorme potencial, que complementan las clases presenciales y dinamizan la transferencia de contenidos. Permiten economizar recursos a largo plazo y rentabilizar el tiempo invertido por profesores y alumnos, dejando atrás el sistema de la toma de apuntes en las aulas. En el presente artículo se exponen las infinitas posibilidades del vídeo en la educación superior, así como la distinta acogida que está teniendo entre el estamento universitario. A modo de muestreo ha sido sondeada la aceptación del vídeo entre historiadores y arqueólogos del ámbito científico-universitario - de 180 universidades y 30 países – cuyas opiniones han generado interesantes reflexiones y debates.
De aguadores ambulantes a empresas distribuidoras. Historia del agua para consumo en Valparaíso (1850-1917)
Authors: Simón Ruiz Inmaculada , Sánchez Andaur Raúl
Published: December 2018

El objetivo de este estudio es dar cuenta de cómo se abastecía de agua para consumo la población de una ciudad como Valparaíso en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, tiempo en que, sabemos, comienza a transformarse en una urbe de tipo cosmopolita, con los naturales problemas derivados de la modernización. Reseñamos las instancias de acopio y distribución antes y después de la modernización realizando una sistematización de las distintas fases por las que pasó desde el modelo inicial clásico hasta el moderno sistema de abastecimiento en red; igualmente nos ocupamos de sistematizar en manos de quien estuvo el servicio y el control del mismo durante las diferentes etapas. Nuestras fuentes son la prensa y los documentos y actas de la Municipalidad de Valparaíso.
Rafiq Hariri: Martyr, Statesman, Bargain Hunter
Authors: Dib Kamal
Published: December 2018

This article reviews the contribution of two recent biographies about Rafiq Hariri: Citizen Hariri: Lebanon's Neoliberal Reconstruction, by Hannes Baumann and Architecture, Power and Religion in Lebanon: Rafiq Hariri and the Politics of Sacred Space in Beirut by Ward Vloeberghs. Baumann follows a “sociological” approach that uses the biography of an individual to explore the wider process of neoliberalism coming to Lebanon. Hariri looked over Lebanon's transition into a neoliberal economy, during a period that witnessed a Saudi–Syrian entente over the management of the affairs of Lebanon. Vloeberghs follows a multidisciplinary approach that combines insights from various social sciences in order to address the political dimensions of religious architecture and the politics of sacred space in general. Hariri is a controversial figure from recent Lebanese history. His political career is broken down into two periods in both books: prior to 1990, when he was a Saudi emissary and a powerbroker among the various parties during the Lebanon war; and as a statesman in the 1990s, when he climbed to center-stage of Lebanese power. He then started on a downward trend after 2000, and his assassination on February 14, 2005, almost tipped the country into civil strife.
Madame Midas (1888): One of Fergus Hume’s Attempts to Replicate Publishing Glory
Authors: Franks Rachel
Published: December 2018

The year 2017 marked the eighty-fifth anniversary of the death of Fergusson (Fergus) Wright Hume (1859–1932). Best known for his hugely successful debut novel The Mystery of a Hansom Cab (1886), set in Australia’s Melbourne, Hume went on to write many more works of fiction in the form of novels and short stories. These efforts resulted in a vast array of titles but none that captured the public imagination on a large scale and they are, today, mere curiosities of literary history. The closest that Hume came to replicating the publishing glory of The Mystery of a Hansom Cab was with his Australian-based murder mystery Madame Midas (1888). This article briefly explores Madame Midas and, while noting the story’s modest successes as both a book and a stage play, offers feminist and nationalist-focused rationales for this work’s inability to generate the same levels of excitement that surrounded, and continue to surround, Hume’s first novel.