bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gambaran Hematologi Anjing Peliharaan di Kota Denpasar
Authors: Mahindra Aditya Try , Batan I Wayan , Nindhia Tjokorda Sari
Published: October 2020

Anjing merupakan hewan peliharaan yang memiliki hubungan paling dekat dengan manusia.Pemeriksaan kesehatan yang rutin harus ada untuk menjaga stamina anjing supaya tetap dalam kondisi prima. Salah satu indikator untuk mengetahui kondisi kesehatan melalui pemeriksaan darah. Populasi anjing di Kota Denpasar pada tahun 2019 menurut Dinas Pertanian Kota Denpasar adalah sekitar 97.522 ekor. Berbagai analisis gambaran darah pada anjing dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lingkungan lokal terhadap faktor fisiologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran darah dari anjing peliharaan yang diberi pakan secara rumahan. Objek penelitian yang digunakan adalah anjing yang dipelihara masyarakat di Kota Denpasar dengan jumlah 47 ekor. Pengambilan sampel darah dilakukan pada anjing-anjing yang dipelihara oleh masyarakat Kota Denpasar. Lokasi penelitian dilaksanakan di Labolatorium Diagnosis Klinik, Patologi Klinik, Radiologi Veteriner, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan dan di Balai Besar Veteriner Denpasar. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa anjing di Kota Denpasar banyak yang tidak sehat. Kemungkinan yang menyebabkan anjing tidak sehat yaitu dalam hal pemberian gizi yang kurang baik, dan lingkungan yang terinfestasi penyakit. Perlu adanya peningkatan pemantauan pemeliharaan maupun kesehatan anjing di Kota Denpasar, terutama mengenai pemeriksaan laboratorium kemudian peningkatan kebersihan lingkungan supaya anjing terhindar dari serangan penyakit dan pemberian pakan yang memiliki nutrisi yang baik untuk anjing.
Ekstrak Sarang Semut Dapat Menekan Tingkat Kerusakan Paru-Paru Tikus Putih yang Diinduksi Gentamisin Dosis Toksik
Authors: Jihadulhaq Jihadulhaq , Kardena I Made , Merdana I Made , Samsuri Samsuri
Published: October 2020

Penelitian bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa pemberian gentamisin 250 mg/kgBB mempengaruhi histopatologi paru-paru untuk mengetahui efek protektif sarang semut terhadap paru-paru tikus putih yang diberikan gentamisin dosis toksik. Penelitian ini menggunakan 24 ekor tikus putih jantan dengan berat badan 200-300 g ram yang terdiri dari empat perlakuan, yaitu kontrol (P0) tanpa perlakuan, perlakuan 1 (P1) diberi gentamisin dosis 250 mg/kg BB, perlakuan 2 (P2) diberi gentamisin dosis 250 mg/kgBB ditambah sarang semut dosis 250 mg/kg BB, perlakuan 3 (P3) diberikan sarang semut 250 mg/kg BB selama tujuh hari setelah itu diberikan ekstrak sarang semut dan gentamisin dosis 250 mg/kg BB. Gentamisin dan ekstrak sarang semut diberikan secara per oral selama 10 hari. Setelah itu nyawa tikus percobaan dikorbankan kemudian dilakukan nekropsi dan organ paru-paru diambil secara aseptik untuk pembuatan preparat histopatologi dengan pewarnaan Hematoksilin dan Eosin (HE). Pembuatan preparat histopatologi dengan pewarnaan menggunakan metode HE dibuat di laboratorium patologi. Variabel yang diperiksa adalah infiltrasi sel radang, edema, dan nekrosis. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan hasil pemberian ekstrak sarang semut per oral terhadap tikus putih yang sudah diberi gentamisin (250 mg/kg BB) mengalami perbaikan pada lesi nekrosis, begitu pula pada lesi infiltrasi sel radang dan edema meskipun secara statistik tidak signifikan (P>0,05). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pemberian ekstrak sarang semut dengan dosis 250 mg/kgBB belum mampu memperbaiki kerusakan jaringan paru-paru yang diberikan gentamisin dosis 250 mg/kg BB.
FURTHER SPREADOF THE ALIEN INVASIVE SPHECID WASP ISODONTIA MEXICANA(SAUSSURE, 1867) (HYMENOPTERA SPHECIDAE) INITALY
Authors: TURRISI GIUSEPPE FABRIZIO
Published: October 2020

The knowledge of the spread of the alien invasive sphecid wasp Isodontia mexicana(Saussure, 1867) (Hymenoptera Sphecidae) in Italyis improvedwith new recordsfor Sicily, representing the southernmostlimit in Europe. Brief notes on identificationand a discussion on distribution, invasiveness,and biology are provided.A revised distributional map of the species in Italy is provide
Influence of orthodox theological thought on the philosophy of the early Slavophiles on the example of the letter of hegumen Anthony (Bochkov) to I.V. Kireyevsky
Authors: Shcherbakov Vitaliy
Published: October 2020

In the first half of the 19th century, two religious and philosophical movements, diametrically opposite in their views, emerged in Russia, later called “Westernizers” and “Slavophiles”. Both worldviews, based on the foundations of the Western Christian and Eastern Christian under-standing of the structure of church and state, public relations, the influence of tradition on the his-torical choice of the state development vector, led to heated discussions between their founders, and subsequently their supporters. In support of the representatives of the philosophical and social thought of the “Westernizers” “Slavophiles” on theological issues, as well as the reviewing of particular articles, both Catholic and Orthodox clergymen were involved. We reveal the influence of the Orthodox theological thought of the 19th century on the religious philosophy development of one of the founders of “Slavophilism” in terms of posing and solving the problem of historical tradition. The relevance of the study is due to the increased interest in the issue of the spiritual life of society and church-state relations. The work contains for the first time introduced into scientific circulation a handwritten letter from hegumen Anthony (Bochkov) to I.V. Kireyevsky from the funds of the Russian State Library with author’s comments and explanations. The problems of religious and philosophical thought of this period are revealed, that is the influence of Roman (pagan) philosophy on the formation and development of Western theology, opposing the development paths of Russia and Europe, recognition of the negative influence of ritualism on the formation of a true Orthodox worldview, understanding of Peter I reforms as a “Russian reformation”. The analysis of the epistolary source made it possible to reveal the direct impact of the arguments of hegumen Anthony on the views of I.V. Kireyevsky, reflected in his works.
“Owners of a mutilated affair”: establishment of a support system for military invalids in the Russian Empire during the First World War
Authors: Bukalova Svetlana V. , Shcherbinin Pavel P.
Published: October 2020

We describe emerged in the Russian Empire an organizational basis of support for the First World War invalids. The policy of charity for military invalids generated with the participation of official, public and charitable elements. We reveal the complex relationship between the main actors in this process – one of the “crown” charity committees (Special Commission of Grand Duchess Xenia Alexandrovna), the Central bodies of the County Union and the Union of Cities, and local self-government. Using archival materials, the main guidelines for creating a war-mutilated charity system are identified. We determine the leading approaches to the architecture of the state and public system of support to former military personnel who have lost their working ability. In addition, we discuss in details the topic of war-mutilated registration, which was sup-posed to be the first stage of building a national system of care for war invalids, but it was never carried out. We also focus on the financial aspects of supporting military invalids. We conclude that the system for the war-mutilated charity could have become the first fully implemented direction of state social policy in Russian history, but it failed to realize its potential due to political contradictions between the official government and liberal associations.
On practice of bishops consecration in Roman Gaul in the last third of the 5th century (according to the letters of Sidonius Apollinaris)
Authors: Truhina Natalya N. , Kostenetskiy Aleksandr L.
Published: October 2020

We examine letters texts of Sidonius Apollinaris, Bishop of Augustonemetum (modern Clermont) in Roman Gaul, affecting the issues of elections and consecration of bishops in Gallic cities. We consider the problem of determining the circle of persons participating in the election and consecration of bishops in the Christian Church of the last third of the 5th century, persons who may be elected as proteges to the bishop’s departments, and the process of ordination. In the literature there are various points of view on the problem. Some researchers believe that the elec-tions were democratic, almost national, while others say that the voice of the people (laiks) did not have a decisive significance: the right to make a final decision belonged to the episcopate. Most authors do not give exhaustive arguments based directly on historical practice in favor of their point of view, and if they give them, they are fragmentary, therefore, the indicated problems seem relevant at the present time. A study of the materials presented by Sidonius shows that the choice of a provincial bishop is made by the metropolitan together with other bishops of the province, and the metropolitan performs the consecration individually. Participation of people is mostly purely formal. The election of the metropolitan is carried out only by the bishops of his province, although if they are insufficient, the consent of the metropolitans of neighboring provinces is re-quired, moreover, it can be distant. The issue of the possibility of a national election of the metro-politan remains open, but the likelihood of such an election seems very small. The consecration of the metropolitan can also be performed by one bishop: the rule of conciliarity is not strictly enforced.
Social partnership at the stage of professional education of a teacher of social minded school
Authors: Skudareva Galina N.
Published: October 2020

The subject of this research is the problem of social partnership, which determines modern social processes, interactions, and spaces. The priorities and standards of modern educational policy actualize its significance. The purpose of the work is to consider the professional education of the future teacher from the standpoint of social partnership and its design in the socially oriented space of a social minded school. Using the methods of dynamic and contextual analysis of the educational system, theoretical analysis of literature, review analysis of the experience of foreign countries (France, Finland, Germany, Poland): 1) the definition of “social partnership” is theoretically formulated; 2) the concepts of “social minded school” and “socially oriented educa-tion” are substantively justified; 3) the social and educational components of these phenomena are noted, which allow them to become a unifying principle and a field of active social interaction between the state and society. We emphasize the practical importance of professional training of a future teacher for successful work in a new social minded school due to the wide possibilities of social partnership between the state, society and the interested civil community, as well as the re-source opportunities and innovative potential of the university where future teacher studied.
Didactic outline of the formation of ability to develop project performance indicators as an element of the management culture of the future specialist in the field of social and pedagogical activity
Authors: Kulichenko Raisa M. , Druzhinina Anastasia A.
Published: October 2020

We substantiate the relevance of didactic design of social and pedagogical education programs aimed at formation of ability to develop project performance indicators as an element of the management culture of a future specialist in the field of social and pedagogical activity. It is noted that the modern social situation requires changes in the sphere of social and pedagogical ac-tivity as an instrument of humanization of society through the implementation of strategies, projects and programs of state policy on childhood, and, therefore, changing direction of higher education of specialists in the field of social and pedagogical activity. We show the necessity of implementing an educational module aimed at developing competence in the field of determining (formulating) quantitative and qualitative results of projects. It is proved that one of the elements of the management culture of specialists in the field of social and pedagogical education is the de-finition (formulation) of quantitative and qualitative results. The concept of “managerial culture of a specialist in the sphere of social and pedagogical education” is characterized. The management culture of a specialist in the field of social and pedagogical education is a strategic resource for the development of a professional. We present the main interpretations of the concept of “efficiency”, show that the formation of an adequate mechanism for evaluating efficiency is impossible without the correct selection and accurate formulation of performance indicators. The stages of development of social project performance indicators are considered. The components of the educational module “Quantitative and qualitative indicators of social project performance” are considered. The data of the entrance survey of students are presented.
System of prevention of deviant behavior of students in professional educational organizations using means of physical recreation
Authors: Sylka Sergey I.
Published: October 2020

We raise the problem of preventing deviant behavior of students in secondary professional educational organizations. The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to resolve the contradiction between the society’s need for training healthy specialists in physical, mental and moral aspects and the high level of deviant prevalence among adolescents and students, as well as insufficient study of the potential of physical and recreational activities as a way to prevent students’ deviant behavior. The purpose of the study is the justification of the prevention system of deviant behavior of students in secondary professional educational institutions using means of physical recreation. We use theoretical and empirical research methods, the leading place among which is occupied by the analysis of the state of the problem in pedagogical theory and practice, as well as a pedagogical experiment. It is established that the proposed system should include tar-geted, substantive, operational, criteria and evaluative, resultative components and be implemented with the inclusion of the main participants in the educational process. All forms of motor activity of students in the educational process, contributing to the constructive development of their personality, were classified as means of physical recreation. A significant place in the developed system is reserved for training complexes, differentially used depending on the level of manifestation of students’ deviation. It is proved that the effectiveness of the prevention system of deviant behavior of students in secondary vocational educational institutions using means of physical recreation is achieved by implementing a set of pedagogical conditions: organizational, stimulating, methodic and the conditions of the theoretical, psychological and technological preparedness of teachers for this kind of activity.
Musical local lore as a resource for patriotic education in the professional instrumental training class
Authors: Dolgushina Marionella Y.
Published: October 2020

We consider the aspect of students’ patriotic education in the professional instrumental training class on the basis of a selection of the most relevant for the pedagogical process meaning of the concept “patriotism” and the use of information from the field of musical local lore. The need to include in the pedagogical process intellectual conversations on patriotism as a subject of philosophy, political science is justified by a brief analysis of the existence in the Russian cultural environment of a popular quote from the heritage of S. Johnson. The concept of “patriotism” is comprehended in accordance with the definition of the German philosopher M. Merton, as well as in accordance with the works of I. Vernadsky, B. Chicherin and others. The main thesis being proved is that patriotism is not only a goal, but also a mean of education. The declared pedagogical position is based on the experience of patriotic education in domestic pedagogy, presented by the works of K.D. Ushinsky, V.P. Vakhterov, N.A. Korf, N.I. Pirogov, L.N. Tolstoy, P.P. Blonsky, P.F. Kapterev and others. Intellectualization in the “teacher-student” dialogue space is used as the main technique for the implementation of patriotic education. A selection of works recommended for inclusion in the repertoire of an instrumental musician is presented. The theoretical attitude is confirmed by examples of musicians’ works, whose names are cultural symbols of the Tambov Region: A.N. Verstovsky, S.V. Rachmaninov, F.I. Chaliapin, V.I. Agapkin, I.A. Shatrov. Particular emphasis is placed on the theme of the Great Patriotic War in the work of the modern Tambov composer – O.I. Egorova.
Evaluation of pain intensity of the masticatory muscles after occlusal appliance and combined therapy
Authors: Santos Tainá Queiroz dos , De la Torre Canales Giancarlo , Rizzatti-Barbosa Celia Marisa , Muñoz-Lora Victor Ricardo Manuel
Published: October 2020

Masticatory muscle pain (MMP) is a common type of orofacial pain. Occlusal appliance (OA) is contemplated as a first-line conservative approach for chronic MMP, however, integrated biopsychosocial approaches such as counseling and self-care therapies (CSG) are also considered essential. AIM: This pilot study aimed to compare the use of a combined therapy (GSG + OA) and solely OA treatment on pain intensity related to chronic MMP over a 6-month follow-up. METHODS: For this, 20 patients diagnosed with chronic MMP using the Diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD) were divided into 2 groups (n=10) and treated with OA or combined therapy (CoT; OA + CSG). Electromyographic muscle activity (EMG), visual analogue scale (VAS) and pressure pain threshold (PPT) were recorded at baseline, 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment. Data was collected and statistical analysis were applied at a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: Results showed no significant differences at baseline among groups for any assessment. VAS showed that both treatments decreased subjective pain in volunteers over time, but no significant differences among both groups were observed at any evaluation time. For electromyography, CoT and OA presented no significant differences throughout the experiment neither on relaxed muscle position or maximum volunteer contraction. Finally, a significantly higher PPT for CoT was found for all muscles at the last assessment point (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that both treatments are effective for the reduction of pain perception (VAS) in patients with chronic MMP. However, the addition of CSG to an OA therapy may be more beneficial for the improvement of tenderness on the same patients, at least in a long-term basis (> 3 months). Notwithstanding, a larger study should be performed to substantiate these findings.
How to measure and manage the soil effect in terroir expression
Authors: Van Leeuwen Cornelis , Roby Jean-Philippe , De Rességuier Laure
Published: October 2020

Terroir relates the taste of wine to the place where it was produced. It involves the influence of climate, soil, cultivar and viticultural practices. Huge progression has been achieved over the past years in the understanding of how the soil can shape the quality and the style of a wine. To do so, the soil effect needs to be broken into measurable factors. Once these are quantified by appropriate approaches, terroir can be mapped and managed. By fine-tuning the choice of plant material (rootstock and variety) and viticultural techniques to local soil conditions, it is possible to optimize terroir expression.
Multi-Objective Optimization Concept Based on Periodical and Permanent Objective within a Process
Authors: Okello Moses
Published: October 2020

Multi-objective optimization (MOO) is an optimization involving minimization of several objective functions more than the conventional one objective optimization which have useful applications in Engineering. Many of the current methodologies addresses challenges and solutions to multi-objective optimization problem, which attempts to solve simultaneously several objectives with multiple constraints, subjoined to each objective. Most challenges in MOO are generally subjected to linear inequality constraints that prevent all objectives from being optimized simultaneously. This paper takes short survey and deep analysis of Random and Uniform Entry-Exit time of objectives. It then breaks down process into sub-process and then presents some new concepts by introducing methods in solving problem in MOO, which comes due to periodical objectives that do not stay for the entire duration of process lifetime unlike permanent objectives, which are optimized once for the entire process lifetime. A methodology based on partial optimization that optimizes each objective iteratively and weight convergence method that optimizes sub-group of objectives is given. Furthermore, another method is introduced which involve objective classification, ranking, estimation and prediction where objectives are classified base on their properties, and ranked using a given criteria and in addition estimated for an optimal weight point (pareto optimal point) if it certifies a coveted optimal weight point. Then finally predicted to find how much it deviates from the estimated optimal weight point. Although this paper presents concepts work only, it’s practical application are beyond the scope of this paper, however base on analysis presented, the concept is worthy of igniting further research and application.
Phylogeny of Cystoseira Sensu Lato from SE Spain Suggests a Complex Colonization of the Mediterranean
Authors: Jódar Pérez Ana Belén , Terradas Fernández Marc , López-Moya Federico , Asensio Berbegal Leticia , López-Llorca Luis Vicente
Published: October 2020

Cystoseira is a relevant alga, which forms dense meadows on rocky substrates up to 100 meters deep. They are widely recognized as bioindicators for their restricted habitat (sub-coastal zone) and low tolerance to pollution. We have monitored Cystoseira sensu lato (sl) spp. in abrasion platforms in Cabo de Las Huertas (Alicante, SE Spain), a total of seven species. A cladogram has been constructed using fifteen phenotypic taxonomic relevant characters. We have also optimized Cystoseira DNA extraction and sequenced amplicons from mt23S, tRNA-Lys, and psbA genes of five Cystoseira sl species from Cabo de Las Huertas. Our phylogenetic supertree, built with these sequences, backs three clades in the genus. Rare species Treptacantha sauvageauana and Treptacantha algeriensis, sequenced for the first time, are included with T. elegans and the Atlantic species T. baccata and T. abies-marina in Cystoseira-VI or Cystoseira-II clades. Our data supports a complex colonization of Cystoseira (sl) spp. in the Mediterranean, perhaps involving Atlantic clades.
Physics and Some Social Phenomena
Authors: Moya-Cessa Hector
Published: October 2020

It is well-known that, in science, several concepts that apply to an specific area of knowledge, may be borrowed by other areas of knowledge. Namely, resilience, reservoirs, evolution, etc. are concepts that may be used in social sciences, physics, biology and other sciences with complete sense. In this contribution I want to give some insights about some topics of quantum physics that could be used in social sciences.
Evaluating Accessibility Benefits of Opening Gated Communities in China: A Case Study of Shanghai
Authors: Yang Senqi , Tan Wenken , Yan Longxu
Published: October 2020

Opening gated-communities (GCs) has been widely discussed for urban inclusion and revitalization. With the policies of opening GCs being promoted in China, quantitative and comprehensive evaluation of the potential benefits is heavily needed. Taking Shanghai as an example, this study quantifies and analyzes the accessibility benefits and risks of opening GCs with factors including GC types, opening levels, travel modes, and travel destinations considered. We found that (1) opening GCs can bring 50m+ accessibility gains to 17% and 52% of the residents in Moderately Opening (MO) and Completely Opening (CO) scenarios, respectively. (2) Cycling benefits more than walking in all cases and scenarios. (3) For different GCs, conventional GCs have fewer benefits in MO but more in CO than the newly-established one. For different facilities, trips to bus stations demonstrate the largest accessibility gains. (4) The accessibility benefit of a residential building is highly determined by its closeness to the gates and relative location in the block. (5) Only 1% and 5-7% of external trips may penetrate the opened communities in MO and CO scenarios, respectively, which are far less than both expectation and the benefits. These findings precipitate at least two policy implications in China.
On the Thermodynamic Origin of the Uncertainty Principle
Authors: Yablon Jay R.
Published: October 2020

The spatial resolution measurement limitation of the position-momentum uncertainty principle is shown to mathematically originate from the Bekenstein entropy bound and the associated second law of thermodynamics, as a special case in which a statistical thermodynamic distribution of energies is specialized to a fixed, definite probe energy equal to the average energy of that distribution. This is used in combination with the Wein displacement law to predict an ultraviolet cutoff for Planck blackbody radiation at about ⅛ of the Wein peak. A new UV photon counting experiment is proposed to test for this. A physical understanding of these results may be provided by a UV-complete, intelligible theory of general relativistic quantum mechanics in which the observation of a blackbody spectrum is simply a remote observation of Hawking radiation emitted from black hole fluctuations in the gravitational vacuum.
Modeling and Forecasting of Lake Malombe Fish Biomass and Catch Per Unit Effort (CPUE)
Authors: Makwinja Rodgers , Mengistou Seyoum , Kaunda Emmanuel , Alemiew Tena , Phiri Titus , Kosamu Ishmael , Kaonga Chikumbusko
Published: October 2020

Lake Malombe fish stocks have been depleted by chronic overfishing. Various management approaches (co-management, command control, and ecosystem-based management to fisheries) have been used to manage the fishery. However, the lack of an accurate predictive model has hampered their success. Therefore, we developed and tested a time series model for Lake Malombe fishery. The seasonal fish biomass and CPUE trends were first observed and both were non-stationary. The second-order differencing was applied to transform the non-stationary data into stationary. Autocorrelation functions (AC), partial autocorrelation function (PAC), and Akaike information criterion (AIC) were estimated, which led to the identification and construction of autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models, suitable in explaining the time series and forecasting. The results showed that ARIMA (1,2,1) provided a better prediction than its counterparts. The model satisfactorily predicted that by 2032, both fish biomass and CPUE will decrease to 3204.6 tons and 59.672 respectively, signifying the potential threat to Lake Malombe fishery. The model justified the necessity of taking precautionary measures to avoid the total collapse of the fishery.
Efficacy of 2 Commercial Formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis H-14 in Larvae of Anopheles albimanus W and Aedes aegypti L (Diptera: culicidae).
Authors: Garza-Almanza Victoriano , Ulíbarri Gérard , Sanchez-Yañez Juan Manuel
Published: October 2020

The bacterial genus and species of Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis (Bti), is entomotoxic, used in the biological control of mosquito vectors of human diseases, such as malaria and dengue. Following the studies carried out in Mexico and Guatemala with ovillantas, in which the presence of larvae of both species of Anopheles albimanus W and Aedes aegypti L were observed, and with the intention of continuing to develop an ecologically friendly mosquito control, Bti was added to the ovillantas, to improve and already efficient method on the elimination of both types of mosquitoes. The objectives of this work were: to analyze the effectiveness of two commercial formulations of Bti, serovar H-14 (Bactimos) wettable powder, 3,500 ITU, from Biochem prods., and Vectobac, 2,000 ITU wettable powder, (Abbot Lab.) on second and third instars larvae of A. albimanus and Ae. aegypti (Diptera Culicidae). The two formulations were effective against A. albimanus W(higher concentrations), while Ae. aegypti L was very susceptible to Bti, therefore it is proposed for the best control of these genus and vector species of malaria and dengue at adequate concentrations.
Phytochemical, Biological and Computational Investigations of Erythrina fusca Lour. to Assess Antimalarial Property against Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Sazed Saiful Arefeen , Islam Ohedul , Bliese Sarah L. , Hossainey Muhammad Riadul Haque , Soma Mahfuza Afroz , Rashid Mohammad Abdur , Rahman Mohammad Sharifur , Alam Mohammad Shafiul
Published: October 2020

For centuries medicinal plants have been traditionally used for prophylaxis and ailment of diseases. Nowadays it’s easy to isolate, purify, and characterize bioactive compounds with high efficacy. To investigate the medicinal especially antimalarial property of traditionally used plants, a number of Erythrina spp have been reviewed systematically where Erythrina fusca has been selected for further analysis. Phytochemical investigation included chromatographic separation and purification of compounds followed by characterization using NMR. In-vitro antimalarial drug sensitivity ELISA was carried out against chloroquine (CQ) sensitive 3D7 and resistant Dd2 strains. Additional biological tests such as central and peripheral analgesic, antioxidant, anti-diarrheal, hypoglycemic, thrombolytic, and membrane stabilization activities were also investigated. Molecular docking was performed using the isolated compounds against clinically important 14 Plasmodium falciparum proteins. For the first time, Phaseolin, Phytol, β-amyrin, Lupeol, and Stigmasterol are reported here and extracts showed significant antimalarial activity against 3D7 and Dd2 strains (IC50 4.94-22 µg/mL). Potent central analgesic, antioxidant and anti-diarrheal activities (p<0.05) and mild thrombolytic and membrane stabilization properties were also observed. Molecular docking of Phaseolin bolsters its potential as a new antimalarial drug candidate. This study projects significant medicinal values and necessitates further investigations to reveal its potential as a novel source of therapeutics.
O Registro Civil nos quatro primeiros meses da pandemia de Covid-19 no Brasil: estudo comparativo entre óbitos por mês de ocorrência e de registro
Authors: Cristina de Aguiar Pereira Claudia , Batista Marcelino Amanda , Jorge Machado Carla
Published: October 2020

O Registro Civil fornece informações aos estudos demográficos sobre mortalidade, fecundidade e nupcialidade. Questões têm surgido sobre o registro dos óbitos quando as causas de morte decorrem da Covid-19. A notificação pode acontecer com atraso. Com base nas informações disponibilizadas pelo Registro Civil de óbitos pela Covid-19, discriminados por dois grupos – data de registro e data de ocorrência –, o presente estudo compara estes grupos por categoria de município (capital, região metropolitana e interior), no período de março a junho de 2020, que corresponde aos quatro primeiros meses da pandemia no Brasil. Avaliam-se a magnitude e o sentido das diferenças de registros de óbitos entre os dois grupos. Foram utilizados gráficos e análise de regressão linear para comparações. Os achados indicam comportamento diferente de óbitos por mês de registro em comparação àqueles por mês de ocorrência entre março e junho.É importante identificar tal diferença de comportamentos dado que, para o monitoramento em curtíssimo prazo da pandemia, óbitos por data de registro antecipam óbitos cujo registro ainda será corretamente disponibilizado por data de ocorrência. Conclui-se que essa variação deve-se, principalmente, à correção e atualização sistemática das informações. Quanto à categoria de município, a maior diferença entre óbitos por mês de ocorrência e de registro foi observada para os municípios do interior, em consonância com o alastramento da epidemia rumo ao interior no mês de maio.
Provenance of Cenozoic Indus Fan Sediments (IODP Sites U1456 and U1457)
Authors: Garzanti Eduardo , Andò Sergio , Vezzoli Giovanni
Published: October 2020

Provenance analysis of IODP Expedition 355 cores in the Laxmi Basin sheds new light on the erosional evolution of the Himalayan belt and its western syntaxis during the Neogene and on large-scale mass-wasting and magmatic events that affected the western continental margin of India in the mid-Miocene and early Paleocene. In the cored Laxmi Basin succession, heavy minerals are far less affected by selective diagenetic dissolution than in foreland-basin sandstones exposed along the Himalayan front. Occurrence of euhedral aegirine and apatite in lower Paleocene mudrocks can be tied to alkaline volcanism affecting the adjacent western Indian margin during the late stage of Deccan activity. In the mid-Miocene Nataraja Slide (the second-largest mass-transport deposit reported from passive margins worldwide), dominant carbonate detritus and depleted heavy-mineral suites (including apatite, garnet, and locally augite or rare aegirine) reveal gravitational failure and sliding of the entire succession of carbonate and siliciclastic Paleogene to lower Neogene strata originally accumulated offshore of the Saurashtra margin of western India. Contrary to previous inferences, reworking of Indus-derived detritus by the slide was negligible. The overlying upper Miocene to lower Pleistocene turbidite package has the same feldspatho-litho-quartzose to litho-feldspatho-quartzose signature of modern Indus fluvio-deltaic sand, indicating that amphibolite-facies metamorphic rocks have been widely exposed in the Himalaya–Karakorum orogen since at least the mid-Miocene. Pleistocene nannofossil oozes with planktonic foraminifera at the top of the fan contain a very subordinate litho-feldspatho-quartzose terrigenous fraction including augitic clinopyroxene, suggesting mixing of dominant biogenic debris with minor detritus contributed both by the Indus River and by a river draining western peninsular India, possibly the paleo-Narmada or the paleo-Tapti.
Topside Distributed Acoustic Sensing of Subsea Wells
Authors: Ellmauthaler Andreas , Seabrook Brian , Maida John , Wilson Glenn , Bush Jeff , Dupree James , Uribe Mauricio
Published: October 2020

Topside interrogation for distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) of subsea wells for vertical seismic profiling (VSP), well integrity, and sand control requires optical engineering solutions to compensate for the insertion losses and back reflections accumulated through umbilicals, multiple wet- and dry-mate optical connectors, splices, optical feedthrough systems, and downhole sensing fiber and wet mates. Moreover, the acoustic bandwidth is inherently limited by the total length of the sensing fiber. To obviate these problems, we describe a subsea fiber topology with two ultralow loss transmission fibers from the topside to a remote optical circulator deployed in the optical flying lead at the subsea tree. This limits the sensing fiber portion of the total fiber length to the fiber located below the remote circulator, and eliminates all back reflections from the multiple subsea connectors above the remote circulator. The receiver arm in the DAS interrogator only senses pure backscatter light from below the circulator. The pulse repetition rate is only constrained by the fiber length below the remote circulator, thus enabling dry-tree equivalent acoustic bandwidths of 10+ kHz regardless of the tie-back distance. This yields significant signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improvement via stacking and selective amplification, while further enabling sensing of high-frequency acoustic events occurring inside or in the vicinity of the wellbore. A fiber with enhanced back-reflectance is deployed in both the upper and lower completions inside a triple-tube cable design that provides a hydrogen-permeation barrier to delay onset of hydrogen-induced attenuation. Results from various laboratory and field trials are shown to validate system performance.
The Digitalization Journey of the Brage Digital Twin
Authors: Kronberger Peter , Dabrowski Peter , Chacon Joel , Bangert Patrick
Published: October 2020

Digital transformation of existing processes using technologies such as big data, advanced data analytics, machine learning, automation and cloud computing will enable continuous performance improvements within the operational sphere. The application of the technology will link the physical and digital world, providing a digital model of physical assets and processes. It will represent the evergreen, wholly integrated digital asset model - from reservoir to export pipeline.

The Brage operations team identified processes with the highest potential for digital transformations during an initial opportunity framing workshop. Based on pain points and business needs, the clear emphasis is in the areas of production & well performance optimization, high-spec live-data visualization, as well as the entire flow of information from database integration up to dashboarding.

Strong reliance on an improved data infrastructure and IT/OT performance will require close cooperation with the IT/OT team. New solutions will be aligned with and integrated into already identified global solutions.

The improved acquisition of data, together with the integration of already existing ‘Digital Twin’ technologies will enable the first redesign of work processes. Prioritization of processes to be transformed will be mandated by their business impact as well as possibility to scale to other Wintershall Dea assets too.

Focus areas, such as Slugging, Digital Production Engineer, Intelligent Maintenance, Dashboarding and Planning/Scheduling, were defined as more and more ideas evolved. Individual processes such as water injection and scaling surveillance were made more time efficient and transparent. The vision is to bring all processes together into a customizable and collaborative dashboarding solution.

Intended completion of the first phase is Q4 2019. The following phase will be the execution of a larger scoped technology implementation that will be defined in detail by then.
Screening of Nanoparticles with Considering the Pore Structure and Initial Oil Connectivity Effects
Authors: Omran Mohamed , Akarri Salem , Bila Alberto , Torsæter Ole
Published: October 2020

Polymer-coated silica nanoparticles (PSiNP) have been proposed for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) owing to their improved properties such as stability, emulsion formation, low retention, etc. over bare nanoparticles. Even though most studies report EOR potential of nanoparticles compared to plain water flood, the underlying oil recovery mechanisms of nanoparticles are not well understood. This experimental work investigates the efficiency of PSiNP for oil recovery on micro-scale via comparing waterflooding to nanofluid flooding with minimizing the variations in pore architecture and initial oil connectivity on the trapping efficiency.

This research unleashes the potential application of four types of PSiNPs for EOR in water-wet Berea sandstone reservoirs and microfluidic chips. The PSiNPs were mixed with synthetic seawater at 0.1 wt % concentration. The oil recoveries were compared with waterflooding obtained on the same core. For this purpose, the following experiments were performed: First, four waterfloods were carried out until there was no oil production on four cores. Then, the cores were cleaned and dried. Afterwards, each core was injected with nanofluid in secondary recovery mode. To compare the four types of PSiNPs, microfluidic experiments were performed under the same experimental conditions such as pore-structure and initial oil connectivity. Measurements of interfacial tension and contact angle, and analysis of differential pressure across the cores and pore-scale images were performed to reveal possible recovery mechanisms of PSiNPs.

The nanofluids had higher ultimate oil recoveries than plain waterflood. The PSiNPs with small particle sizes had the highest reduction in IFT and the best capability to disconnect and minimize the size of the residual oil clusters within the pore spaces. Our hypothesis is that the adsorption of PSiNPs on the grain surfaces played a considerable role in the oil displacement efficiency. On the other hand, the ability of PSiNPs to cause pore-blockage and log-jamming attributed to the large NP size and adsorption on surfaces was strongly related to the displacement efficiency. Performing screening experiments of different nanofluids on cores with similar petrophysical properties could produce misleading results. Microfluidic experiments have advantages over the core-flooding experiments. Since the microchip has different properties compared to natural rocks; the results did not correlate with core-scale experiments. However, it was a significant tool, in this work, to indicate the generation of emulsions and the rate of clusterization, which cannot be seen from conventional core-scale experiments.

The knowledge gained from this experimental work helps to improve the screening methodology for the use of recovery agents such as nanoparticles for EOR applications.
A Revolution in Performance using a GPU Based Simulator
Authors: Siavoshi Jamal , Mukundakrishnan Karthik
Published: October 2020

Geological models are preferably built with very fine grids in a 3D dimensional geometry to capture reservoir complexity and heterogeneity. However, simulating such detailed models with sizes that can range to the 100’s of millions of cells is a huge challenge for current commercial CPU (Central Processing Unit) simulators as the results cannot be achieved within an acceptable time frame and simulation may last days or weeks.

These long run times cause a delay in achieving a robust history matched or production forecast model as it constrains the ability to effectively characterize the uncertainty range of subsurface parameters and potential development solutions. Restricting the number of alternate scenarios in this manner diminishes the ability to arrive at solutions which may lead to loss of business opportunity and economic value. The alternatives have been used by oil and gas industry so far to reduce simulation run time, are either upscaling fine grid models to a coarser grid, consequently reducing the number of cells or increasing the number of nodes on a high-performance cluster so that simulation results can be achieved more rapidly by parallel computing using CPU based simulators. The former solution is limited by reservoir complexity and the latter by the scaling limits of the software. However, recent advances in high performance technical computing using Graphic Processing Units (GPU) has generated significant interest in the performance characteristics of a GPU-based simulator. This paper demonstrates performance of new generation of GPU based simulator as compared to CPU based simulators. A simulation run time of 9-11 hours on a 4-core CPU based simulator was reduced to 25-40 min on 1 GPU based simulator with tight bounds on results.
Gene locus polymorphisms and expression levels of interleukin-1 in lumbar disc disease: a meta-analysis and immunohistochemical study
Authors: Jiang Hua , Xiao Qianyi , Zhang Ruijun , Wang Jiaqi , Meng Dihua , Zhan Xinli , Wei Qingjun
Published: October 2020

Objective: To investigate the association between interleukin (IL)-1α (rs1800587), IL-1β (rs1143634) and IL-1 receptor antagonist (RN) variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphisms, expression levels and lumbar disc disease (LDD).Methods: All relevant articles were searched from 4 databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Odds ratios (OR) with 95 % conﬁdence intervals (CI) were calculated to evaluate the association between IL-1 gene locus polymorphisms (rs1800587 in IL-1α, rs1143634 in IL-1β, VNTR in IL-1RN) and LDD susceptibility. Statistical analysis was conducted by Review Manager (Revman) 5.31 software. Furthermore, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed to evaluate IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-1RN expressions in the normal and degenerated disc.Results: A total of 15 case-control studies (1455 cases and 2362 controls) were included in our meta-analysis. The pooled results suggested that IL-1α rs1800587 polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of LDD in overall population (T vs. C, OR=1.21, 95%CI=1.04-1.40, P=0.01). The subgroup analysis found a significant association between IL-1β rs1143634 polymorphism and LDD in Asian population (T vs. C, OR=0.61, 95%CI=0.39-0.96, P=0.03). Results of qRT-PCR and IHC demonstrated that expressions of IL-1α and IL-1-β were significantly increased in the degenerated disc. (all P<0.05 )Conclusion: IL-1α rs1800587 and IL-1β rs1143634 polymorphisms were significantly associated with LDD in overall population and in Asian population, respectively. The increased expression levels of IL-1α and IL-1β may be the important risk factors for LDD.
How to promote exclusive breastfeeding in Ireland: a qualitative study on views of Chinese immigrant mothers
Authors: Chen Haoyue , Li Cheng , Zhou Qianling , Cassidy Tanya M. , Younger Katherine M. , Shen Siao , Kearney John M.
Published: October 2020

Background: The exclusive breastfeeding rate in Ireland is very low with extremely slow annual growth. The population of immigrants in Ireland is increasing. Improving exclusive breastfeeding practice among immigrants may contribute to the overall improvement of exclusive breastfeeding rates in Ireland. This study was conducted to elicit suggestions on improving exclusive breastfeeding rate for six months among Chinese immigrants in Ireland. Methods: Fourteen semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with Chinese immigrant mothers residing in Ireland, who breastfed exclusively for four to six months. Interviews were recorded and transcribed in Chinese. Data were analyzed using qualitative thematic analysis. Themes were developed through categorization of codes and via in-depth discussion between two researchers. Results: Themes generated from thematic content analyses were 1) suggestions for new mothers: being strong mentally and getting support from family and friends; 2) suggestions for employers: creating a supportive workplace by setting up private room and breastmilk storage facilities; 3) suggestions for health care professionals: advocating breastfeeding in the hospital and addressing cultural differences by recruiting multilingual staff; 4) suggestions for the government: promoting breastfeeding by initiating societal and policy changes. Conclusions: The key findings emerging from this study may be considered in the development of breastfeeding promotion strategies in Ireland. Our findings could also have implications for other English-speaking countries with low rates of exclusive breastfeeding.