bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploration of Maternal and Fetal Toxicity Risks for Metronidazole-Related Teratogenicity and Hepatotoxicity through an Assessment in Albino Rats
Authors: AbdRabou Mervat A. , Alrashdi Barakat M. , Alruwaili Hadeel K. , Elmazoudy Reda H. , Alwaili Maha A. , Othman Sarah I. , Alghamdi Fawzyah A. , Fahmy Gehan H.
Published: March 2023

Metronidazole is the primary antimicrobial drug for treating acute and chronic vaginal pathogens during pregnancy; however, there has been insufficient research on placental disorders, early pregnancy loss, and preterm birth. Here, the potential activity of metronidazole on pregnancy outcomes was investigated. 130 mg/kg body weight of metronidazole was orally given individually to pregnant rats on gestation days 0–7, 7–14, and 0–20. Pregnancy outcome evaluations were carried out on gestation day 20. It was demonstrated that metronidazole could induce maternal and fetal hepatotoxicity. There is a significant increase in the activities of maternal hepatic enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP), total cholesterol, and triglycerides compared with the control. These biochemical findings were evidenced by maternal and fetal liver histopathological alterations. Furthermore, metronidazole caused a significant decrease in the number of implantation sites and fetal viability, whereas it caused an increase in fetal lethality and the number of fetal resorptions. In addition, a significant decrease in fetal weight, placental weight, and placental diameter was estimated. Macroscopical examination revealed placental discoloration and hypotrophy in the labyrinth zone and the degeneration of the basal zone. The fetal defects are related to exencephaly, visceral hernias, and tail defects. These findings suggest that the administration of metroniazole during gestation interferes with embryonic implantation and fetal organogenesis and enhances placental pathology. We can also conclude that metronidazole has potential maternal and fetal risks and is unsafe during pregnancy. Additionally, it should be strictly advised and prescribed, and further consideration should be given to the associated health risks.
The Uremic Toxin Indoxyl Sulfate Accelerates Senescence in Kidney Proximal Tubule Cells
Authors: Yang Yi , Mihajlovic Milos , Janssen Manoe J. , Masereeuw Rosalinde
Published: March 2023

Kidney fibrosis is the common final pathway of nearly all chronic and progressive nephropathies. One cause may be the accumulation of senescent cells that secrete factors (senescence associated secretory phenotype, SASP) promoting fibrosis and inflammation. It has been suggested that uremic toxins, such as indoxyl sulfate (IS), play a role in this. Here, we investigated whether IS accelerates senescence in conditionally immortalized proximal tubule epithelial cells overexpressing the organic anion transporter 1 (ciPTEC-OAT1), thereby promoting kidney fibrosis. Cell viability results suggested that the tolerance of ciPTEC-OAT1 against IS increased in a time-dependent manner at the same dose of IS. This was accompanied by SA-β-gal staining, confirming the accumulation of senescent cells, as well as an upregulation of p21 and downregulation of laminB1 at different time points, accompanied by an upregulation in the SASP factors IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8. RNA-sequencing and transcriptome analysis revealed that IS accelerates senescence, and that cell cycle appears to be the most relevant factor during the process. IS accelerates senescence via TNF-α and NF-ĸB signalling early on, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process at later time points. In conclusion, our results suggest that IS accelerates cellular senescence in proximal tubule epithelial cells.
The Bright and Dark Sides of Herbal Infusions: Assessment of Antioxidant Capacity and Determination of Tropane Alkaloids
Authors: Mateus Ana Rita Soares , Crisafulli Carmen , Vilhena Matilde , Barros Sílvia Cruz , Pena Angelina , Sanches Silva Ana
Published: March 2023

Herbal infusions are highly popular beverages consumed daily due to their health benefits and antioxidant properties. However, the presence of plant toxins, such as tropane alkaloids, constitutes a recent health concern for herbal infusions. This work presents an optimized and validated methodology based on the QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) extraction procedure followed by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography combined with Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-ToF-MS) for the determination of tropane alkaloids (atropine, scopolamine, anisodamine, and homatropine) in herbal infusions, in accordance with criteria established by Commission Recommendation EU No. 2015/976. One of the seventeen samples was contaminated with atropine, exceeding the current European regulation regarding tropane alkaloids. In addition, this study evaluated the antioxidant capacity of common herbal infusions available on Portuguese markets, indicating the high antioxidant capacity of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis), and peppermint (Mentha x piperita).
The Broad-Spectrum Endolysin LySP2 Improves Chick Survival after Salmonella Pullorum Infection
Authors: Deng Hewen , Li Mengjiao , Zhang Qiuyang , Gao Chencheng , Song Zhanyun , Chen Chunhua , Wang Zhuo , Feng Xin
Published: March 2023

Salmonella pullorum causes typical “Bacillary White Diarrhea” and loss of appetite in chicks, which leads to the death of chicks in severe cases; thus, it is still a critical issue in China. Antibiotics are conventional medicines used for Salmonella infections; however, due to the extensive long-term use and even abuse of antibiotics, drug resistance becomes increasingly severe, making treating pullorum disease more difficult. Most of the endolysins are hydrolytic enzymes produced by bacteriophages to cleave the host’s cell wall during the final stage of the lytic cycle. A virulent bacteriophage, YSP2, of Salmonella was isolated in a previous study. A Pichia pastoris expression strain that can express the Salmonella bacteriophage endolysin was constructed efficiently, and the Gram-negative bacteriophage endolysin, LySP2, was obtained in this study. Compared with the parental phage YSP2, which can only lyse Salmonella, LySP2 can lyse Salmonella and Escherichia. The survival rate of Salmonella-infected chicks treated with LySP2 can reach up to 70% and reduce Salmonella abundance in the liver and intestine. The treatment group showed that LySP2 significantly improved the health of infected chicks and alleviated organ damage caused by Salmonella infection. In this study, the Salmonella bacteriophage endolysin was expressed efficiently by Pichia pastoris, and the endolysin LySP2 showed good potential for the treatment of pullorum disease caused by Salmonella pullorum.
Development and Characterization of Efficient Cell Culture Systems for Genotype 1 Hepatitis E Virus and Its Infectious cDNA Clone
Authors: Primadharsini Putu Prathiwi , Nagashima Shigeo , Tanaka Toshinori , Jirintai Suljid , Takahashi Masaharu , Murata Kazumoto , Okamoto Hiroaki
Published: March 2023

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of acute viral hepatitis globally. Genotype 1 HEV (HEV-1) is responsible for multiple outbreaks in developing countries, causing high mortality rates in pregnant women. However, studies on HEV-1 have been hindered by its poor replication in cultured cells. The JE04-1601S strain recovered from a Japanese patient with fulminant hepatitis E who contracted HEV-1 while traveling to India was serially passaged 12 times in human cell lines. The cell-culture-generated viruses (passage 12; p12) grew efficiently in human cell lines, but the replication was not fully supported in porcine cells. A full-length cDNA clone was constructed using JE04-1601S_p12 as a template. It was able to produce an infectious virus, and viral protein expression was detectable in the transfected PLC/PRF/5 cells and culture supernatants. Consistently, HEV-1 growth was also not fully supported in the cell culture of cDNA-derived JE04-1601S_p12 progenies, potentially recapitulating the narrow tropism of HEV-1 observed in vivo. The availability of an efficient cell culture system for HEV-1 and its infectious cDNA clone will be useful for studying HEV species tropism and mechanisms underlying severe hepatitis in HEV-1-infected pregnant women as well as for discovering and developing safer treatment options for this condition.
Computer-Aided Directed Evolution Generates Novel AAV Variants with High Transduction Efficiency
Authors: Han Zengpeng , Luo Nengsong , Wang Fei , Cai Yuxiang , Yang Xin , Feng Weiwei , Zhu Zhenxiang , Wang Jie , Wu Yang , Ye Chaohui , Lin Kunzhang , Xu Fuqiang
Published: March 2023

Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) have become safe and effective tools for therapeutic in vivo gene drug delivery. Among many AAV serotypes, AAV2 is the most well-characterized. Although many studies have been carried out on the engineering of the capsid VR-VIII region, few attempts have been made in the VR-IV region. Here, we targeted amino acid positions 442–469 of the VR-IV region and established an engineering paradigm of computer-aided directed evolution, based on training samples from previous datasets, to obtain a viral vector library with high diversity (~95,089). We further examined two variants selected from the library. The transduction efficiency of these two novel AAV variants, AAV2.A1 and AAV2.A2, in the central nervous system was 10–15 times higher than that of AAV2. This finding provides new vehicles for delivering gene drugs to the brain.
A Novel Dependoparvovirus Identified in Cloacal Swabs of Monk Parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus) from Urban Areas of Spain
Authors: Sánchez Christian , Doménech Ana , Gomez-Lucia Esperanza , Méndez José Luis , Ortiz Juan Carlos , Benítez Laura
Published: March 2023

The introduction of invasive birds into new ecosystems frequently has negative consequences for the resident populations. Accordingly, the increasing population of monk parakeets (Myiopsitta monachus) in Europe may pose a threat because we have little knowledge of the viruses they can transmit to native naïve species. In this study, we describe a new dependoparvovirus detected by metagenomic analysis of cloacal samples from 28 apparently healthy individuals captured in urban areas of Madrid, Spain. The genomic characterization revealed that the genome encoded the NS and VP proteins typical of parvoviruses and was flanked by inverted terminal repeats. No recombination signal was detected. The phylogenetic analysis showed that it was closely related to a parvovirus isolated in a wild psittacid in China. Both viruses share 80% Rep protein sequence identity and only 64% with other dependoparvoviruses identified in Passeriformes, Anseriformes, and Piciformes and are included in a highly supported clade, which could be considered a new species. The prevalence was very low, and none of the additional 73 individuals tested positive by PCR. These results highlight the importance of exploring the viral genome in invasive species to prevent the emergence of novel viral pathogenic species.
An Overview of the Public Health Challenges in Diagnosing and Controlling Human Foodborne Pathogens
Authors: Elbehiry Ayman , Abalkhail Adil , Marzouk Eman , Elmanssury Ahmed Elnadif , Almuzaini Abdulaziz M. , Alfheeaid Hani , Alshahrani Mohammed T. , Huraysh Nasser , Ibrahem Mai , Alzaben Feras , Alanazi Farhan , Alzaben Mohammed , Anagreyyah Sulaiman Abdulaziz , Bayameen Abdulraheem Mousa , Draz Abdelmaged , Abu-Okail Akram
Published: March 2023

Pathogens found in food are believed to be the leading cause of foodborne illnesses; and they are considered a serious problem with global ramifications. During the last few decades, a lot of attention has been paid to determining the microorganisms that cause foodborne illnesses and developing new methods to identify them. Foodborne pathogen identification technologies have evolved rapidly over the last few decades, with the newer technologies focusing on immunoassays, genome-wide approaches, biosensors, and mass spectrometry as the primary methods of identification. Bacteriophages (phages), probiotics and prebiotics were known to have the ability to combat bacterial diseases since the turn of the 20th century. A primary focus of phage use was the development of medical therapies; however, its use quickly expanded to other applications in biotechnology and industry. A similar argument can be made with regards to the food safety industry, as diseases directly endanger the health of customers. Recently, a lot of attention has been paid to bacteriophages, probiotics and prebiotics most likely due to the exhaustion of traditional antibiotics. Reviewing a variety of current quick identification techniques is the purpose of this study. Using these techniques, we are able to quickly identify foodborne pathogenic bacteria, which forms the basis for future research advances. A review of recent studies on the use of phages, probiotics and prebiotics as a means of combating significant foodborne diseases is also presented. Furthermore, we discussed the advantages of using phages as well as the challenges they face, especially given their prevalent application in food safety.
Investigating the Reasons for Receiving the Second Booster Dose of the COVID-19 Vaccine in Adults and in People with Chronic Medical Conditions in Southern Italy
Authors: Miraglia del Giudice Grazia , Folcarelli Lucio , Della Polla Giorgia , Napoli Annalisa , Angelillo Italo Francesco
Published: March 2023

This cross-sectional survey explored the attitudes and the reasons, as well their associated factors, for receiving the second booster dose of the COVID-19 vaccine among a sample of all old adults and of people with chronic medical conditions attending two randomly selected immunization centers in Naples (Italy). A total of 438 questionnaires were collected. The majority were male (55.1%) and the median age was 71 years. A higher perception of the vaccine’s utility, measured with a 10-point Likert type scale, has been observed among males, individuals with a higher perception that COVID-19 is a severe illness, with a higher self-awareness of being at risk of infection, and with a higher trust in the information received. The most reported reasons for receiving the second booster dose included protection of themselves and of their family members from getting COVID-19, fear of acquiring the disease, and having a physician’s recommendation. Younger participants, married/cohabitant, and with a higher perception that COVID-19 is a severe illness were more likely to have indicated protecting themselves and their family members as reason for receiving the booster dose. Respondents with a chronic medical condition, with a higher perception that COVID-19 is a severe illness, with a lower trust in the information received, and informed by physicians were more likely to have received the vaccine because they perceived of being at risk of getting a severe form of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Physicians should play a pivotal role in stressing the importance of the second booster dose and in helping individuals to make decisions.
Japanese Encephalitis Virus: An Update on the Potential Antivirals and Vaccines
Authors: Srivastava Kumar Saurabh , Jeswani Vandana , Pal Nabanita , Bohra Babita , Vishwakarma Vaishali , Bapat Atharva Ashish , Patnaik Yamini Prashanti , Khanna Navin , Shukla Rahul
Published: March 2023

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the causal agent behind Japanese encephalitis (JE), a potentially severe brain infection that spreads through mosquito bites. JE is predominant over the Asia-Pacific Region and has the potential to spread globally with a higher rate of morbidity and mortality. Efforts have been made to identify and select various target molecules essential in JEV’s progression, but until now, no licensed anti-JEV drug has been available. From a prophylactic point of view, a few licensed JE vaccines are available, but various factors, viz., the high cost and different side effects imposed by them, has narrowed their global use. With an average occurrence of >67,000 cases of JE annually, there is an urgent need to find a suitable antiviral drug to treat patients at the acute phase, as presently only supportive care is available to mitigate infection. This systematic review highlights the current status of efforts put in to develop antivirals against JE and the available vaccines, along with their effectiveness. It also summarizes epidemiology, structure, pathogenesis, and potential drug targets that can be explored to develop a new range of anti-JEV drugs to combat JEV infection globally.
Expression and Prognostic Evaluation of the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase MET in Canine Malignant Melanoma
Authors: Koo Karen , Wuenschmann Arno , Rendahl Aaron , Song Kyu Young , Forster Colleen , Wolf-Ringwall Amber , Borgatti Antonella , Giubellino Alessio
Published: March 2023

The overexpression and activation of the MET receptor tyrosine kinase has been identified in many human malignancies, but its role in canine cancer has only been minimally investigated. In this study we evaluated the expression of MET in two canine malignant melanoma (CMM) cell lines as well as in 30 CMM tissue samples that were collected from the clinical service at our institution. We were able to confirm the expression of the MET protein in both melanoma cell lines, and we demonstrated MET activation by its ligand, HGF, through phosphorylation, in Western blot analysis. We were also able to demonstrate, by immunohistochemistry, the expression of MET in 63% of the tumor tissue samples analyzed, with the majority demonstrating a relatively low expression profile. We then evaluated the association of MET expression scores with histologic parameters, metastasis, and survival. While statistically significant associations were not found across these parameters, an inverse relationship between MET expression levels and time to lymph node versus distant metastasis was suggested in our cohort. These findings may require assessment in a larger group of specimens to further evaluate the role of MET expression in the homing of metastasis in lymph nodes versus that in distant organs.
Removal of Ag, Au, and As from Acid Mine Water Using Lemna gibba and Lemna minor—A Performance Analysis
Authors: Sasmaz Kislioglu Merve
Published: March 2023

Mining activities result in the accumulation of pollutants in aquatic environments. This study aimed to investigate the accumulation performances of Ag, Au, and As using Lemna minor and Lemna gibba in the acid mine waters of Maden copper deposit. L. minor and L. gibba are aquatic plants belonging to the duckweed family. They are small, fragile, and free-floating aquatic plants. L. minor and L. gibba were separately placed into two reactors. The plants and water from the reactors were collected daily for eight days. Additionally, the electric conductivity, temperature, and pH of the acid mine water were measured daily. L. minor and L. gibba samples were washed, dried, and burned at 300 °C in a drying oven for 24 h. The water and plant samples were analyzed for Ag, Au, and As content using ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy). The acid mine waters of Maden copper deposit contained 9.25 ± 0.4, 0.92 ± 0.02, and 193 ± 12 μg L−1, Ag, Au, and As, respectively. In comparison to control samples, L. gibba and L. minor showed high and effective performances in removing Ag, Au and As from the acid mine waters of Maden copper deposit; 240 and 174 times for Ag; 336 and 394 times for Au; and 30 and 907 times for As, respectively. Overall, the results suggest that L. gibba and L. minor can effectively remove Ag, Au, and As from acid mine waters, highlighting their potential use in environmental remediation.
Impact of Climate Change on Waterborne Diseases: Directions towards Sustainability
Authors: Jung Yong-Ju , Khant Naing Aung , Kim Heejung , Namkoong Sim
Published: March 2023

Climate change has significantly influenced the spread of waterborne diseases (WBDs), which affect environmental quality and human life. The impact of climate change is greatest in developing countries, especially in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries. Vibrio cholerae, a waterborne pathogen, is most susceptible to and most prevalent during severe climatic changes. The Philippines is regularly exposed to tropical cyclones, such as Bopha in 2012 and Haiyan in 2013, because of its geographical location, while Cyclone Nargis in 2008 caused over 95% of the damage and casualties seen in the preceding two decades in Myanmar. Therefore, implementing policies to adjust to these climate changes and to safeguard their citizens from the effects of WBDs is imperative for ASEAN countries. This study aimed to (1) investigate the effects of climate change on health and to understand the policy requirements to prevent or minimize its negative impact and (2) explore the link between the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the effects of climate change on WBDs to determine perspectives for global sustainability. The framework of the SDGs should be adapted to ASEAN countries to improve legislation, laws, and regulations on climate-related health issues. Efficient collaboration among scientists, researchers, health professionals, and policymakers will assist in addressing the problems associated with the impact of climate change on WBDs in ASEAN countries.
A GPU-Accelerated Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Model for Unstructured Grids
Authors: Peng Feng , Hao Xiaoli , Chai Fuxin
Published: March 2023

The precision of numerical overland flow models is limited by their computational cost. A GPU-accelerated 2D shallow flow model is developed to overcome this challenge in this study. The model employs a Godunov-type finite volume method (FVM) to solve shallow water equations (SWEs) with unstructured grids, while also considering rainfall, infiltration, bottom slope, and friction source terms. The numerical simulation demonstrates that this model has well-balanced and robust properties. In an experiment of urban rain-runoff and flood, the accuracy and stability of the model are further demonstrated. The model is programmed with CUDA, and each numerical computation term is processed in parallel to adopt multi-thread GPU acceleration technology. With the GPU computation framework, this model can achieve a speeding up ration around 75 to single-thread CPU in the dam-break flow for a large-scale application.
A Spatial-Reduction Attention-Based BiGRU Network for Water Level Prediction
Authors: Bao Kexin , Bi Jinqiang , Ma Ruixin , Sun Yue , Zhang Wenjia , Wang Yongchao
Published: March 2023

According to the statistics of ship traffic accidents on inland waterways, potential safety hazards such as stranding, hitting rocks, and suspending navigation are on the increase because of the sudden rise and fall of the water level, which may result in fatalities, environmental devastation, and massive economic losses. In view of this situation, the purpose of this paper is to propose a high-accuracy water-level-prediction model based on the combination of the spatial-reduction attention and bidirectional gate recurrent unit (SRA-BiGRU), which provides support for ensuring the safe navigation of ships, guiding the reasonable stowage of ships, and flood prevention. The first contribution of this model is that it makes use of its strong fitting ability to capture nonlinear characteristics, and it fully considers the time series of water-level data. Secondly, the bidirectional recurrent neural network structure makes full use of past and future water-level information in the mapping process between input and output sequences. Thirdly, and most importantly, the introduction of spatial-reduction attention on the basis of BiGRU can not only automatically capture the correlations between the hidden vectors generated by BiGRU to address the issue of precision degradation due to the extended time span in water-level-forecasting tasks but can also make full use of the spatial information between water-level stations by emphasizing the influence of significant features on the prediction results. It is noteworthy that comparative experiments gradually prove the superiority of GRU, bidirectional recurrent neural network structure, and spatial-reduction attention, demonstrating that SRA-BiGRU is a water-level-prediction model with high availability, high accuracy, and high robustness.
Clinical and psychopathological concept of the combined course of recurrent depressive and panic disorders
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kursk State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Pastukh I. A. , Tsygankov B. D. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: March 2023

A comprehensive clinical and psychopathological concept of the combined course of recurrent depressive and panic disorders, based on the patterns of their relationship, is presented in the article.
Accounting of settlements with the budget in medical institutions
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Bryansk State University named after I.G. Petrovsky”, Bryansk, Russia, Dedova O.V. , Kovaleva N.N. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Bryansk State University named after I.G. Petrovsky”, Bryansk, Russia, Kovaleva N.N. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Bryansk State University named after I.G. Petrovsky”, Bryansk, Russia
Published: March 2023

In carrying out its activities, the State finances, among other things, the field of healthcare. At the same time, medical organizations themselves act as payers of various taxes, depending on the operations carried out and the types of movable and immovable property owned by them. Taxes on income accrued in favor of employees are calculated and paid automatically regardless of the sources of financing for the activities of medical organizations. The article discusses the procedure for calculating taxes and fees by medical institutions.
Tax accounting of expenses of medical organizations for professional training of employees
Authors:   Moscow City University, Shinkareva O.V. , Vishnevskiy V.A. ,   Moscow City University
Published: March 2023

This article considers the specifics of accounting expenses of medical companies for additional professional training of employees for the purposes of calculating corporate income tax. The authors have studied the provisions of labor and tax legislation on the implementation of the employer’s obligation and the employee’s right to master training and professional retraining programs. The conditions under which the employer as a taxpayer can include the amounts spent on the professional training of employees to reduce the tax base in accordance with article 264 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation have been determined, which, in its turn, is aimed at matching the qualification level of employees to the changing conditions of its professional activity and social environment as well as at getting new or improving the existing professional competences. The results of the study of economic feasibility and expediency of such training are also presented. Practical examples are given.
Business activity of modern students in the context of the state management system development.
Authors:   FSBEI HE Kursk State Agricultural Academy named after I. I. Ivanov, Krivoukhov Anatoliy Anatolievich , Popov Aleksandr Aleksandrovich ,   FSBEI HE Kursk State Agricultural Academy named after I. I. Ivanov
Published: March 2023

In order to effectively interact in modern society, a person must have the most up-to-date information and a new system of behavior. Market relations generate competition, the struggle for a vital resource and the possibility of self-preservation among others in almost all spheres of life. In the course of a sociological study of student youth, the foundations of business activity, initiative, entrepreneurship, characteristic features of economic behavior and economic consciousness were revealed. One of the most important indicators of the level of human viability in conditions of uncertainty is business activity. People's behavior and social reforms are in constant interaction. The pace of change in modern societies is so fast that people's business activity and their willingness to productively change the world around becomes one of the key factors in the development of society. At previous historical stages, society has always had a more or less clear idea of «what kind of society is this?», «where did it come from?», and «what is its purpose?». The question «who are we?» in the social sense was obvious. Today, the identity of Russians is vague and undefined. It is easy to answer the question who we were. But the answers to the questions «who are we?», and even more so, «who will we be tomorrow?» seem far from so obvious. In modern socio-economic conditions, the assessment of the business qualities of student youth is not only vital for the youth themselves, but also crucial for the formation of state youth policy.
Fundamentals of countering threats to the information and communication environment
Authors:   FSBEI HE Kursk State Agricultural Academy named after I. I. Ivanov, Krivoukhov Anatoliy Anatolievich
Published: March 2023

In the article, the author investigates the basics of countering the threats to the information and communication environment. Currently, the information and communication environment continues to form, which determines the presence of certain threats classified by the author into regulated through socio-cultural mechanisms (information inequality, cyber disorders) or legal mechanisms (the use of destructive information, information warfare, information crime, information terrorism). The development of legal means of countering these threats is becoming a necessary direction of the law-making activity of the Russian Federation today. It is shown that the legal regulation of relations on the Internet is carried out on the basis of the norms of the information legislation of Russia. Part of the legal relations is regulated by the norms of international law, which is related to the global nature of this computer network. The vital activity of a person, society, and the state is likely to be significantly more vulnerable. Today, it is necessary to develop legal means not to counteract, but to counter threats to the information and communication environment. Such legal means should be able to protect the interests of a person, society, and the state as effectively as possible.
Assessing Equipment, Supplies, and Devices for Patient Safety Issues
Authors: Ratwani Raj , Adams Katharine , Kim Tracy , Busog Deanna-Nicole , Howe Jessica , Jones Rebecca , Krevat Seth
Published: March 2023

Background: Medical equipment, supplies, and devices (ESD) serve a critical function in healthcare delivery and how they function can have patient safety consequences. ESD-related safety issues include malfunctions, physically missing ESDs, sterilization, and usability. Describing ESD-related safety issues from a human factors perspective that focuses on user interactions with ESDs can provide additional insights to address these issues.

Methods: We manually reviewed ESD patient safety event reports submitted to the Pennsylvania Patient Safety Reporting System to identify ESD-related safety issues using a taxonomy that was informed by the Food and Drug Administration Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience taxonomy. This taxonomy consisted of the following high-level categories: malfunctions, physically missing, sterilization, and usability. The type of ESD and associated components or ESD subtypes, event classification, and care area group were noted for each report.

Results: Of the 450 reports reviewed, the most frequent ESD-related safety issue coded was malfunction (n=365 of 450, 81.1%) followed by sterilization (n=40 of 450, 8.9%), usability (n=36 of 450, 8.0%), and physically missing (n=9 of 450, 2.0%). Among the coded malfunctions, software/output problem (n=122 of 365, 33.4%) was the most frequent, followed by general malfunction (n=103 of 365, 28.2%); material integrity (n=72 of 365, 19.7%); and activation, positioning, or separation (n=68 of 365, 18.6%). The most frequent ESDs noted were infusion pump, instrument set, and intravenous, and the most frequent components/subtypes noted were alarm/alert, tubing, and tray.

Conclusion: ESD-related patient safety issues, especially malfunctions, impact patient care despite current policies and practices to address these issues. Healthcare facilities may be able to address some ESD-related patient safety issues during procurement through use of the accompanying procurement assessment tool.
Informing Healthcare Alarm Design and Use: A Human Factors Cross-Industry Perspective
Authors: Pruitt Zoe , Bocknek Lucy , Busog Deanna-Nicole , Spaar Patricia , Milicia Arianna , Howe Jessica , Franklin Ella , Krevat Seth , Jones Rebecca , Ratwani Raj
Published: March 2023

Background: Alarms are signals intended to capture and direct human attention to a potential issue that may require monitoring, assessment, or intervention and play a critical safety role in high-risk industries. Healthcare relies heavily on auditory and visual alarms. While there are some guidelines to inform alarm design and use, alarm fatigue and other alarm issues are challenges in the healthcare setting. Automotive, aviation, and nuclear industries have used the science of human factors to develop alarm design and use guidelines. These guidelines may provide important insights for advancing patient safety in healthcare.

Methods: We identified documents containing alarm design and use guidelines from the automotive, aviation, and nuclear industries that have been endorsed by oversight agencies. These guidelines were reviewed by human factors and clinical experts to identify those most relevant to healthcare, qualitatively analyze the relevant guidelines to identify meaningful topics, synthesize the guidelines under each topic to identify key commonalities and differences, and describe how the guidelines might be considered by healthcare stakeholders to improve alarm design and use.

Results: A total of 356 guidelines were extracted from industry documents (2012–present) and 327 (91.9%) were deemed relevant to healthcare. A qualitative analysis of relevant guidelines resulted in nine distinct topics: Alarm Reduction, Appropriateness, Context-Dependence, Design Characteristics, Mental Model, Prioritization, Specificity, Urgency, and User Control. There were several commonalities, as well as some differences, across industry guidelines. The guidelines under each topic were found to inform the auditory or visual modality, or both. Certain guidelines have clear considerations for healthcare stakeholders, especially technology developers and healthcare facilities.

Conclusion: Numerous guidelines from other high-risk industries can inform alarm design and use in healthcare. Healthcare facilities can use the information presented as a framework for working with their technology developers to appropriately design and modify alarming technologies and can evaluate their clinical environments to see how alarming technologies might be improved.
Adverse Drug Reactions in Moderate Sedation: Process Improvement During a Pandemic
Authors: Bayne Julia , Craft Amanda , Ho Alex , Mastromarino Riley Jenna
Published: March 2023

Background: A gap analysis identified the need for process improvement surrounding the identification and reporting of adverse drug reactions related to moderate sedation. A change to documentation was selected to address this gap. The challenge was disseminating the change in a meaningful way during a time of high census and limited staffing due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Complex adaptive systems theory was used to plan interventions in the current climate.

Methods: Process improvement was organized into Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles guided by the gap analysis, literature, and aims. Quantitative data analysis was conducted using chart audits and a Likert survey.
Interventions: Adoption of end-user-redesigned documentation was completed over time using one-on-one instruction, brief just-in-time education sessions at huddles, and ongoing feedback.

Results: The survey results demonstrated a significant increase in adverse event knowledge (p = <0.01) and documentation confidence following just-in-time training (p < .01). Chart audits revealed an increase in identification of adverse events (p=0.03).

Conclusions: Using a theory-based approach to implement process improvement is a successful way to create change in a challenging environment. Identification of adverse drug reactions related to moderate sedation increased, which is essential for evaluation and safe administration.
Preventing Central Line Bloodstream Infections: An Interdisciplinary Virtual Model for Central Line Rounding and Consultation
Authors: Lightheart Erin , Guyton Mary , Gilmar Cheryl , Tuzio Jillian , Ziegler Matthew , Kucharczuk Colleen
Published: March 2023

Background: Central line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) account for many harms suffered in healthcare and are associated with increased costs and disease burden. Central line rounds, like medical rounds, are a multidisciplinary bedside assessment strategy for all active central lines on a unit. In-person line rounds in this 144-bed oncology acute care setting are challenging due to a variety of unchangeable factors. The aim was to develop a process for addressing concerning central lines in this context.

Methods: The project team designed a HIPAA-protected, text-based process for assessing central lines for risk factors contributing to infection. Staff initiated a consultation via a virtual platform with an interdisciplinary team composed of oncology and infectious diseases experts. The virtual discussion included recommendations for a line-related plan of care.

Results: The number of consultations averaged about five per month, with 27.4% resulting in the central line being removed, which is believed to have contributed to an overall reduction in infection rates. The CLABSI standardized infection ratio, a risk-adjusted measure which accounts for patient acuity and volumes, improved from 0.85 prior to the intervention (November 2020–October 2021) to 0.57 after the intervention (November 2021–August 2022), a 33% reduction.

Conclusion: A virtual process for central line consultation and interdisciplinary planning was effective and, in this setting, perhaps optimal. This type of process could be applied to nearly any aspect of clinical care where teams are solving problems in an environment with complex geography and relationships.
Digital Media Design as Information for Art and Cultural Community
Authors:   Visual Communication Design, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Jl. Dipatiukur No. 112-116 Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia, Rochmawati Irma , Fajrilah Yulis Syam ,   Visual Communication Design, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Jl. Dipatiukur No. 112-116 Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia
Published: March 2023

Community is an association based on geographic location, similarity in cultural, ideological, socio-economic backgrounds and interest in the same object. One example is the regional community where this community is established because of the similarities in ideology and geographical location. In its development, regional communities have goals, one of which is to develop arts and culture in the area. The purpose of this research is to introduce the regional community in Indonesia, namely Jatiwangi Art Factory. Jatiwangi Art Factory is a cultural arts community that focuses on discussing local rural life. This community is active in activities with the surrounding community but does not provide information about the existence of the Jatiwangi Art Factory community to the community. Many people have participated in the events that this community holds, but the Indonesian people in particular are not familiar with this community. There needs to be an adjustment in communication between communities in delivering information so that this community can truly enter into the lives of the surrounding community. The results of this study are expected to be able to recognize the local community of art and local culture so as to create sustainability of the culture of the community itself. Through several stages of methods to produce information media works in digital form that can introduce the Jatiwangi Art Factory community.
Analysis of Visual Elements on Healthy Cendol 18 Product Packaging Design to Consumers
Authors:   Magister Design Department, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Indonesia, Ajie A M , Sya'roni D A W ,   Magister Management Departement, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Indonesia
Published: March 2023

Analysis of Visual Elements on Healthy Cendol 18 Product Packaging. Nowadays, the visual elements in packaging design have started to develop. When it comes to the most important factors in food industry, packaging is one of it. For instance, in modern shopping the trend is that packaging always becomes an important factor. The target market for Healthy Cendol 18 is teenagers, since consuming junk food is not a new thing for them hence the production of this healthy and trendy product. This study aims to analyze the visual elements contained on Healthy Cendol 18 packaging design in order to provide results which are in accordance with the product's target market. The method used is qualitative method. The data collection is conducted through Focus Group Discussion, literature study, packaging design analysis, as well as visual elements analysis. The researcher uses perception and packaging design theories. The conclusion is that packaging is indeed one of the most important factors for a product. It becomes some kind of a protector and media for the promotion of the product. The visual elements on Healthy Cendol 18 packaging design have their own characteristics and have been considered attractive for the customers. However, it is still necessary to improve them up to the point where they could be clearer and complete. Hopefully, this research could give an impact on the development of visual element design on any product's packaging design by presenting a design which is in accordance with the product's target market.
Illustrated Books as Information Media for Pranata Mangsa (Old Javanese Astrology)
Authors:   Graphic Design Study Program, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Wantoro  , Dewi Febby Permata ,   Graphic Design Study Program, Universitas Komputer Indonesia
Published: March 2023

This research is an explanation of the design of illustration book media which aims to introduce Pranata Mangsa as one of Indonesian culture. Pranata Mangsa is a calendar system related to agricultural activities, especially for farming or fishing in Javanese society. Unfortunately, Pranata Mangsa is now less well known by the public because of changes in human lifestyles that affect mindsets and behavior patterns. Sophisticated technology can make it easier for humans, reducing the use of things about values, customs, and ancestral traditions. In this design, two methods are used, namely communication strategies and creative strategies. Communication strategies and creative strategies in this design are used to present and provide ideas and concepts that can make the public interested in Pranata Mangsa information media. The expected impact of this design is an increased sense of community awareness and participation in appreciating the cultural diversity of Indonesia.
Case of Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR): Evidence on Manufacturing Companies in the Consumer Goods Industry Sector Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors:   Departement of Accounting, Universitas Komputer Indonesia Jalan Dipatiukur No 112-116 Bandung, Indonesia, Surtikanti S. , Octavia J. ,   Departement of Accounting, Universitas Komputer Indonesia Jalan Dipatiukur No 112-116 Bandung, Indonesia, Martina I. ,   Departement of Accounting, Universitas Komputer Indonesia Jalan Dipatiukur No 112-116 Bandung, Indonesia
Published: March 2023

This research aims to determine the effect of Net Profit and Debt Equty Ratio on the Dividend Payout Ratio. This research was conducted on Manufacturing Companies in the Consumer Goods Industry Sector Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.The research method used is descriptive analysis and verification analysis method with a population of 185 financial reports from 37 companies with sample selection using the Purposive Sampling method and the research sample obtained is 50 financial statements from 10 companies. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis, correlation coefficient analysis, coefficient of determination analysis, and hypothesis testing using ttest. The results showed that the Dividend Payout Ratio was significantly affected by Net Profit with a positive relationship, and significantly influenced by the Debt to Equity Ratio with a negative relationship. Partially, the Dividend Payout Ratio is more dominantly influenced by Net Profit compared to the Debt to Equity Ratio, it means that the greater the net profit obtained, the greater the dividend paid. The results of this research are expected to provide input for investors in analyzing the Dividend Payout Ratio.
Quality of Financial Statements with the Application of Accounting Information Systems and Human Resources Competence
Authors:   Departemen Akuntansi, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Indonesia, Anggadini Sri Dewi , Bramasto Ari ,   Departemen Akuntansi, Universitas Langlangbuana , Indonesia, Adrian Muhamad Iqbal ,   Departemen Akuntansi, Universitas Langlangbuana , Indonesia
Published: March 2023

This study aims to understand the quality of financial statements in several insurance subsidiaries in Bandung City, Indonesia considering several factors including the application of AIS (Accounting Information System) and Human Resource Competence. The method used in this research is the descriptive method and verification method. This research was conducted using primary data, by collecting data by distributing questionnaires using Proportional Random Sampling using the Slovin proportional formula, namely 60 respondents in several insurance subsidiaries. The statistical test used in this study is the Validity Test and Reliability Test as a first step, followed by the Classical Assumption Test. To know the relationship between several variables studied by utilizing the Multiple Linear Regression Test and the Correlation Coefficient Test. The last stage is the Coefficient of Determination Test and the t-Test. All data processing is carried out statistically using the SPSS program. The research results show the following: The existing system in the company can make employees perform their duties more efficiently. One of the indicators in the implementation of the AIS has the greatest influence on the Quality of Financial Reports. The implementation of AIS affects the Quality of Financial Reports. Financial Accounting Standards are accounting principles that are applied in preparing and presenting financial statements. One of the categories in Human Resource Competence occupies the highest influence on the Quality of Financial Statements. The benefit of this research is the belief that the quality results of the insurance company's financial statements are trusted. Customers can prevent the occurrence of non-payment of claims, the impact of the rise of insurance companies that has been going on since a few years ago that has not yet been resolved.