bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gone with the wind: Exploring mobile daters’ ghosting experiences
Authors: Timmermans Elisabeth , Hermans Anne-Mette , Opree Suzanna J.
Published: November 2020

This study explores 328 mobile daters’ (63% females; 86% heterosexuals) experiences with ghosting, using both open- and close-ended questions. First, we used thematic analysis to explore mobile dating app users’ motivations to ghost, the reported consequences of experiencing ghosting and reported strategies to cope with having been ghosted. Next, quantitative analyses were carried out to predict the likelihood of ghosting other users and which factors contribute to experiencing ghosting as more painful. As both our qualitative and quantitative analyses suggest, experiencing ghosting on a dating app can be quite painful and has an impact on users’ self-esteem and mental well-being. However, our findings on ghosters’ motives also stress a nuanced perspective on ghosting behavior, given that it is not necessarily done with harmful or conscious intent. As such, our findings also hold practical implications given that insights into mechanisms to cope with ghosting can help dating app users to rationalize their ghosting experience and thus limit its impact.
Perception of Substance Abuse Amongst Adolescents and Young Adults in Ikenne Local Government, Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Alabi Adekunle D. , Runsewe-Abiodun Tamramat I. , Ogunowo Kemi K.
Published: November 2020

Substance abuse describes the unsafe use of psychoactive substances. It leads to dependence on the abused substance with subsequent development of health disorders and mortality. Globally, millions of adolescents and young adults from low and middle income countries are prone to substance abuse with consequent far reaching impact on national development. This study was done to assess the perception of substance abuse amongst the adolescents and young adults in Ikenne local government area, Ogun State, Nigeria. A cross sectional descriptive qualitative study was conducted. Information was gathered via nine focus group discussions. Systematic Analysis of data was done. Ninety-three youths (31 males and 62 females) aged 19.5 ± 3.9 years participated. Majority of the participants showed high level of awareness on substance abuse and its effects. They stated that it was commonplace in the community, with peer pressure being the major influencing factor. Alcohol was perceived to be the commonest abused substance. Others include cigarettes, marijuana and codeine. None were aware of existing laws against substance abuse. The major factor responsible for the negative perception in the abuse of substance was peer influence and low level of awareness of the National regulations on substance abuse. It is recommended that more education, increase in awareness of the national regulations and peer-modelling technique should be strengthened within the community to correct the negative perception by these group of people.
Management of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid hypovolemia-associated massive chronic subdural hematoma with reinforced restriction of physical activity: report of three cases
Authors: Zou Lanhua , Li Guichen , Zhao Jinchuan , Zhang Yang , Hou Kun
Published: November 2020

Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid hypovolemia (SCFH) is an uncommon entity in neurosurgical practice. Without early recognition and management, some patients with SCFH can develop chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH). Generally, management of patients with SCFH without CSDH is relatively straightforward. However, this circumstance becomes more complicated in patients with concurrent CSDH. Treatment measures simply based on the respective management principles of SCFH and CSDH are insufficient or even disastrous. Our previous study showed that reinforced restriction of physical activity was a promising strategy in managing CSDH in the general population. We applied this strategy in three consecutive patients with SCFH and massive CSDH. All of the patients experienced complete resolution of CSDH. This study not only enriches the basic theory of formation and progression of CSDH, but also demonstrates that reinforced restriction of physical activity could be treated as an alternative or adjuvant management of CSDH secondary to SCFH.
A case of hypokalemia-induced bidirectional ventricular tachycardia
Authors: Xie Yanan , Han Jingzhe , Liu Jinming , Hao Jie , Zu Xiuguang , Hao Yuming
Published: November 2020

Background

Bidirectional ventricular tachycardia (BVT) is a rare, but serious, arrhythmia. Hypokalemia is commonly found in clinical practice, but hypokalemia-induced BVT has rarely been reported.

Case presentation

A 74-year-old male patient with the symptoms of chest distress and palpitations was admitted owing to frequent discharge of his implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) for 4 days. Before admission, the patient experienced diarrhea after intake of crabs, and felt frequent discharge of his ICD with a total of approximately 17 discharges in 4 days. He had no history of digitalis use. The serum potassium level after admission was 3.1 mmol/L and an electrocardiogram was consistent with BVT. The diagnosis was ventricular tachycardia, electrical storm, and hypokalemia. His ventricular tachycardia was completely relieved after correction of hypokalemia.

Conclusions

After correction of hypokalemia in this patient, the episode of BVT was terminated and no recurrence of BVT was observed during long-term follow-up. Our findings suggest the diagnosis of hypokalemia-induced BVT.
Dynamic changes in computed tomography manifestations of 105 patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China
Authors: Pan Yueying , Xia Liming , Wang Yujin , Guan Hanxiong
Published: November 2020

Objective

To observe the evolution of chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) manifestations in 105 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods

One hundred five patients with confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled from 11 January to 9 February 2020. Sequential chest HRCT examinations were performed. Five stages were identified from the onset of initial symptoms: 0–3, 4–7, 8–14, 15–21, and >21 days (Stages A–E, respectively). A semi-quantitative CT scoring system was used to estimate the sum of lung abnormalities in each stage.

Results

In total, 393 CT scans were collected. The patients underwent 3.8 ± 1.5 CT examinations. Multiple lobes were involved in most cases. The proportion of consolidation and the total CT score gradually increased from Stage A to C and gradually decreased from Stage C to E. The total CT score of lung involvement was significantly higher in Stage C than in Stages B and D. The CT score of the lower lobe was significantly higher than the corresponding upper and middle lobes in Stages A to D.

Conclusions

Most patients with COVID-19 had a disease course of >14 days, and the lung lesions in most patients improved after 14 days since initial symptom onset.
Neoplasia and Tumor-Like Lesions in Pet Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus): A Retrospective Analysis of Cases Between 1995 and 2019
Authors: Bertram Christof A. , Bertram Beate , Bartel Alexander , Ewringmann Anja , Fragoso-Garcia Marco A. , Erickson Nancy A. , Müller Kerstin , Klopfleisch Robert
Published: November 2020

Prevalence and age distribution of tumors is largely unknown in pet rabbits. Currently available studies focused on specific organ systems or specific tumor types and never covered a comparative examination of all tumor types. Previous studies on laboratory rabbits suggested a low tumor prevalence but were mostly limited to young adult animals. In the present study, all tumor types and several tumor-like lesions of all organ systems were analyzed retrospectively in archived pet rabbit samples of all ages. Cases included necropsy cases ( n = 2,014) or postmortem tissue samples ( n = 102) as well as surgical biopsies ( n = 854). All lesions suspicious of neoplasia were reevaluated by histopathology and, when indicated, by immunohistochemistry. Necropsy cases had a tumor prevalence of 14.4% in both sexes or 19.8% in female intact rabbits of all age groups, and up to 47.2% or 66.7%, respectively, in rabbits older than 6 years. Overall, the most common tumor types were uterine adenocarcinoma (prevalence in female intact animals: 13.1%), lymphoma (prevalence: 2.8%), and thymoma (prevalence: 2.1%). Lymphoma, the most common tumor of rabbits ≤24 months of age, were of B-cell immunophenotype in 96% of cases and most commonly located in the lymph nodes (57%), gastrointestinal tract (54%), kidneys (48%), spleen (42%), and liver (41%). Tumors accounted for 81.1% of surgical biopsies and mostly comprised cutaneous, mammary, and uterine tumors. In conclusion, tumor types and prevalence varied significantly with respect to age, revealing some differences from previous studies on laboratory rabbits.
The Effect of Body Mass Index and Weight-Adjusted Fluid Dosing on Mortality in Sepsis
Authors: Ward Michael A. , Kuttab Hani I. , Lykins V Joseph D. , Wroblewski Kristen , Hughes Michelle D. , Keast Eric P. , Kopec Jason A. , Rourke Erron M. , Purakal John
Published: November 2020

Purpose:

The Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines recommend 30 mL/kg of fluids within 3 hours (30by3) of sepsis-induced hypoperfusion, but a national mandate released an allowance for dosing based on ideal instead of actual body weight (IBW/ABW) for obese patients. This study aims to determine the dose-effect of 30by3 for patients with severe sepsis or septic shock (SS/SS) with respect to body mass index (BMI) categories and secondarily, examine the clinical impact of IBW vs. ABW-based dosing.

Methods:

Retrospective cohort study of adults (≥18 years; n = 1,032) with SS/SS presenting to an urban, tertiary-care emergency department. Models include MEDS score, antibiotic timing, lactate, renal and heart failure, among others.

Results:

The cohort was 10.2% underweight and 28.7% obese. Overall mortality was 17.1% with 20.4% shock mortality. An exponential increase in mortality was observed for each 5 mL/kg under 30by3 for underweight ( p = 0.02), but not obese patients. ABW vs IBW-30by3 dosing was reached in 80.0 vs 52.4% (underweight), 56.4 vs 56.9% (normal/overweight), and 23.3 vs 46.0% (obese). Across all BMI categories, there was increased mortality for not reaching ABW-based 30by3 dosing (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.18-2.69) with no significant impact for IBW (OR 1.28, 95% CI 0.87 -1.91). The increased mortality for failing to reach ABW-dosed 30by3 remained for underweight patients ABW (OR 5.82, 95% CI 1.32-25.57) but not obese patients. Longer ICU stays were observed for not reaching 30by3 based on ABW (β = 2.40, 95% CI 0.84-3.95) and IBW dosing (β = 1.58, 95% CI 0.07-3.08) overall. This effect remained for obese and underweight (except IBW dosing) patients.

Conclusions:

An exponential, dose-effect increase in mortality was observed for underweight patients not receiving 30by3. Therefore, the mortality impact of under-dosing may be amplified using ABW for underweight patients. Fluid dosing did not impact mortality for obese patients, but we caution against deviation from guidelines without further studies.
Fabrication of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/polypropylene-based elastomer blends with balanced stiffness-toughness: The effect of reactive compatibilization
Authors: He He-Zhi , Liu Shi-Ming , Ni Yi-Ping , Xue Feng , Xue Bin , Zhu Zhi-Wen , Huang Zhao-Xia
Published: November 2020

The PET/PBE blends with a good balance between toughness and stiffness were prepared via a novel elongational rheology extruder. In the light of the thermodynamic factors, EGMA as an interfacial modifier was selectively localized at the interface. When the weight fraction of Ethylene/Methylacrylate/Glycidyl Methacrylate copolymer (EGMA) was 6 wt%, the impact strength of the PET/EGMA/PBE blend soared to 35.00 KJ/m2, which is nearly seven times higher than that of its un-compatibilizer counterpart. Furthermore, compared to the un-compatibilized counterpart, the tensile strength and tensile modulus of the PET/EGMA/PBE blend are only reduced by 10% and 13%, respectively. The improvement of mechanical properties of the compatibilized blends can be attributed to the enhanced interfacial reactive compatibilization between PET and PBE, and the fine dispersion of dispersed phase. The in-suit reaction between carboxyl or hydroxy group of PET and epoxy group of EGMA was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. In addition, both morphology and rheology characterization results suggested that the improved interfacial combination between PET and PBE was obtained with the inclusion of EGMA.
On 3D Prandtl nanofluid flow with higher-order chemical reaction
Authors: Eid Mohamed R , Mabood Fazle , Mahny Kasseb L
Published: November 2020

In this paper, the boundary layer analysis of three-dimensional Prandtl nanofluid flow over a convectively heated sheet in a porous material is addressed. Nonlinear radiation and high-order chemical reaction analysis are featured in this work. Nonlinear differential equations representing flow expressions are numerically solved by shooting technique. Features of Brownian motion and thermophoresis accounting for nanoparticle diffusion are taken into account. Then, a complete discussion of the influences of the flow regime on several thermofluidic parameters is presented. The outcome of the present study is that velocity field lines are grown due to the strengthening of Prandtl fluid numbers [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] while a reverse trend takes place for temperature profile. Furthermore, it is shown that when the magnetic strength is improved, the skin friction coefficient and heat transfer rate triggers considerable evolution. The obtained results of this model closely match with those available in the literature as a limiting situation.
A numerical study on the blow-off limit of premixed hydrogen/air flames in a cylindrical micro-combustor
Authors: Naeemi Saeed , Hashemi Seyed Abdolmehdi
Published: November 2020

In the current work, a numerical study on combustion of premixed H2–air in a micro-cylindrical combustor was carried out and the critical velocity of inlet flow that causes the blow-off was obtained. Furthermore, the effects the equivalence ratio, wall thickness, geometry of combustor and thermal properties of walls on the critical blow-off velocity were studied. The numerical results showed that, increasing the equivalence ratio results in higher critical blow-off velocity. A micro combustor with thicker wall had better flame stability. As the combustor dimeter is decreased the blow-off occur in lower inlet flow velocity. Higher thermal conductivity of walls increases the critical blow-off velocity. In addition, with varying heat convection coefficient (h) and emissivity coefficient [Formula: see text] of the walls from 1 to 60 W/m2.K and 0.2 to 0.8 respectively, the critical blow-off velocity is reduced and shows the importance of wall thermal properties in the design and operation of micro-combustors.
Sinus node disfunction in an adolescent with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Fogaça da Mata Miguel , Rebelo Mónica , Sousa Helena Sofia , Rocha Alexandra , Miguel Pedro , Oliveira Ramos Filipa , Costa-Reis Patrícia
Published: November 2020

Cardiac involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is well documented. The pericardium, myocardium and endocardium, as well as the coronary arteries, the valves and the conduction system can all be affected. While pericarditis is common, arrythmias are less frequently described.

We present a 13-year-old male, who had fatigue, anorexia, weight loss, myalgias and arthralgias for four months. On physical examination, we identified bradycardia (heart rate 31–50 bpm), oral and nasal ulcers and polyarthritis. The laboratory results showed hemolytic anemia, hypocomplementemia, antinuclear and anti-dsDNA antibodies, hematuria and non-nephrotic proteinuria. Renal function was normal. Lupus nephritis class II was diagnosed by kidney biopsy. On the transthoracic echocardiogram we identified a minimal pericardial effusion, suggesting pericarditis, and, on the electrocardiogram, we detected sinus arrest with junctional rhythm, denoting sinus node dysfunction. The patient was diagnosed with juvenile SLE with cardiac, renal, musculoskeletal and hematologic involvement. Disease remission and cardiac rhythm control were obtained with steroids and mycophenolate mofetil. Currently, the patient is asymptomatic, with normal sinus rhythm.

We described an adolescent with SLE who had sinus node dysfunction upon diagnosis. Other cases have been reported in adults but none in juvenile SLE. All SLE patients should have a thorough cardiac examination to promptly diagnose and treat the innumerous cardiac manifestations of this disease.
Eco-friendly synthesis of biodegradable and high strength ternary blend films of PVA/starch/pectin: Mechanical, thermal and biodegradation studies
Authors: Lal Sohan , Kumar Vinod , Arora Sanjiv
Published: November 2020

The present study described reduces of plastic based non-biodegradable food packaging material and sustainability toward the environmental protection. The polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based ternary blend biodegradable films with bio-materials (corn starch and pectin) in ratio 1:5, 1:2, 1:1 and 2:1 were synthesized by solution casting method in water as a solvent to improve the tensile strength, high % elongation at break, and sustained packaging properties. Citric acid and glycerol were used for cross-linking and plasticizing purposes which are also bio-degradable and non-toxic. Blend films were characterized by FTIR and checked out the cross-linking of different components. The dispersion of contents in films was analyzed by SEM images. Thermal stability and degradation behavior of casted films were studied with thermogravimetry and thermal stability increased in blends as compared to neat PVA film. Biodegradability of cast films was also checked by Soil Burial method and bio-degradation increased with time i.e. almost 50% degrades in 30 days and 68% after 90 days. Tensile properties of blend films were tested and found that tensile strength (18.85 MPa) and elongation at break (516%) are high in blend films as compared with neat PVA film (12.04 MPa, 170%). The films are eco-friendly and biodegradable, might be a replacement of plastic material in food packaging having improved tensile properties.
Amateur sport and Union citizenship in the Biffi case: Towards a European sporting citizenship
Authors: Di Marco Antonio
Published: November 2020

This essay focuses on the relation between amateur sport and Union citizenship, analysing the recent Biffi ruling of the European Court of Justice. It examines the opinion of the Advocate General and the Judgment of the ECJ, starting from the established case-law according to which sport is subject to EU law insofar as it constitutes an economic activity. Taking into account the possible application of the Treaty in light of the indirect impact on economic activities of the amateur athlete, the study analyses the legal implications of Article 165 TFUE considering the social function of sport. Finally, the paper illustrates to what extent the Biffi case represents a simple clarification of the existing legal relationship, a coherent case-law development, or another seismic ECJ ruling on sport.
Age, Dementia, and Diagnostic Candidacy: Examining the Diagnosis of Young Onset Dementia Using the Candidacy Framework
Authors: Novek Sheila , Menec Verena H.
Published: November 2020

People living with young onset dementia face significant barriers to diagnosis, resulting in delays, misdiagnoses, and treatment gaps. We examined the process of accessing and delivering a diagnosis of young onset dementia using the candidacy framework as a conceptual lens. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six people living with dementia, 14 family members, and 16 providers in a western Canadian city. Participants’ accounts revealed the diagnosis of young onset dementia as a negotiated process involving patients, family members, and health professionals. Assumptions about age and dementia affected how participants interpreted their symptoms, how they presented to services, and how they, in turn, were perceived by providers. At the organizational level, age-restrictions, fragmentation, and unclear referral pathways further complicated the diagnostic process. Our findings lend support to the growing call for specialist young onset dementia care and point toward several recommendations to develop more age-inclusive diagnostic services.
An Exploration of the Dynamic Nature of Psychological Ownership in a Classroom-as-Organization
Authors: Cocieru Ovidiu C. , Lyle Matthew C. B. , McDonald Mark A.
Published: November 2020

Background: Feelings of ownership play an important role in experiential education and are associated with several positive outcomes. However, researchers have yet to explore the dynamic nature of psychological ownership and its antecedents in experiential courses from the perspectives of the students. Purpose: The authors used the lens of psychological ownership theory to explore the experiences of students in an experiential learning setting. Methodology/Approach: In this study, the authors used repeated waves of semi-structured interviews in a two-semester classroom-as-organization (CAO). They then used a five-step process to identify themes describing the students’ experience. Findings/Conclusions: The authors found that different antecedents to psychological ownership worked together at different points in the development of the CAO, that students did not want full control of the CAO (despite their feelings of ownership toward it), and that students anticipated feelings of ownership that persisted after the class had ended. Implications: Educators may struggle to identify the level of control students’ need in a CAO to reap the benefits of the experience. Persistent feelings of ownership after experiential learning ends can contribute to student development.
Is it me or the room moving? Recreating the classical “moving room” experiment with virtual reality for postural control adaptation
Authors: Chander Harish , Kodithuwakku Arachchige Sachini NK , Turner Alana J , Knight Adam C
Published: November 2020

Postural control is a complex process requiring both sensory and motor responses. Perturbation-based balance training has emerged as an effective fall prevention intervention, which provides physical postural perturbations for postural control training and adaptation. With the advent of technology, virtual reality (VR) has also been used for fall prevention training by providing visual postural perturbations. This article addresses such VR studies, including a recent experiment which involved recreating the classical “moving room” paradigm into a “virtual moving room-wall paradigm” to assess the impact of VR-induced visual postural perturbations on postural stability and control. Evidence of both compensatory and anticipatory postural responses during unexpected and expected visual postural perturbations is presented. The future scope, required virtual environment set-up variations, limitations, and significance of a “virtual moving wall” paradigm in the learning and adaptation of postural control behavior are also discussed.
Safety of High-Dose Unfractionated Heparin for Prophylaxis of Venous Thromboembolism in Hospitalized Obese Patients
Authors: Regis Teresa , Goriacko Pavel , Ferguson Nadia
Published: November 2020

Background

Optimal dosing of unfractionated heparin (UFH) for thromboprophylaxis in the obese patient population is uncertain because of their high-risk, prothrombotic state and a complexity of pharmacokinetic considerations. Literature on the appropriateness of the use of a higher dose UFH regimen remains unclear and inconsistent.

Objective

To evaluate the safety of the use of 7500 units every 8 hours ( high-dose) of subcutaneous UFH compared with the use of 5000 units every 8 hours ( standard-dose) of subcutaneous UFH for thromboprophylaxis in obese patients (defined as BMI ≥30 kg/m2).

Methods

In a retrospective cohort study, 326 adult patients were included, with a BMI ≥30 kg/m2, who were admitted to a large, urban academic medical center between September 1, 2015, and September 1, 2018. Patients received either high-dose or standard-dose UFH for at least 48 hours. The primary end point was the incidence rate of bleeding events, defined as a ≥2-g/dL fall in hemoglobin level or receipt of transfusion of 2 or more units of packed red blood cells (pRBCs) from the start of the UFH order.

Results

The incidence rate of bleeding was significantly higher in those who received high-dose UFH (43%) compared with those who received standard-dose UFH (29%; P = 0.008). No significant difference was found between venous thromboembolism event rates.

Conclusion and Relevance

High-dose UFH was associated with an increased bleeding event rate compared with standard-dose UFH in patients with a BMI ≥30 kg/m2. This raises safety concerns about the appropriateness of utilizing this regimen in this population.
Old Law, New Tech, and Citizen-Created Hashtags: #BlackLivesMatter and the Case for Provisional Hashtag Marks
Authors: Mahin Stephanie L. , Ekstrand Victoria Smith
Published: November 2020

Using #BlackLivesMatter as a case study, this research documents the tensions and harms associated with trademarking online social movement hashtags. Grounded in the work of critical race theory and intellectual property scholars, this study analyzes the inconsistencies in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office application practice. The contradictions signal a limited or “mis”understanding of the utility of citizen-created hashtags and online social movement slogans. We propose a provisional networked trademark that would grant limited protection to social movements to show that their marks demonstrate the kind of secondary meaning required for a traditional trademark.
A Campus Climate/Violence Survey’s Psychometrics and Findings
Authors: Follingstad Diane R. , Chahal Jaspreet K. , Bush Heather M. , Coker Ann L. , Li Caihong R. , Wu Xian , Brancato Candace , Carlson Charles R.
Published: November 2020

Data from a campus climate/violence survey (CCS) include psychometric information for survey items/scales plus findings from a large state university to promote its usefulness for assessment of interpersonal violence/harassment. This CCS can thus be evaluated for its measurement and documented findings, allowing for benchmarking purposes. An innovative measurement strategy is introduced to comprehensively capture incidence of victimization types through streamlined questioning. Tables provide detailed data for 6,995 undergraduate and graduate/professional students over a 1-year period. Adding to published literature on existing CCSs, this article provides the range of information needed for universities to determine the potential usefulness of a CCS.
Glasdegib plus low-dose cytarabine for acute myeloid leukemia: Practical considerations from advanced practitioners and pharmacists
Authors: Relias Valerie , McBride Ali , Newman Matthew J , Paul Shilpa , Saneeymehri Seyyedeh , Stanislaus Genique , Tobin Jennifer , Hoang Caroline J , Ryan Joanne C , Galinsky Ilene
Published: November 2020

Objective

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is primarily a disease of older adults. These patients may not be candidates for intensive treatment, and there has been an ongoing need for treatment options for this group. We review the use of glasdegib, a hedgehog-pathway inhibitor available for use in combination with low-dose cytarabine (LDAC). Data Sources: PubMed and relevant congress abstracts were searched using the term “glasdegib”. In addition, based on our experience with glasdegib, we considered treatment aspects of particular relevance to pharmacists and advanced practitioners. Data Summary: In a randomized phase II study, the combination of glasdegib plus LDAC demonstrated superior overall survival versus LDAC alone (hazard ratio 0.51, 80% confidence interval 0.39–0.67, p = 0.0004). The trial reported adverse events (AEs) of special relevance for older patients, such as hematologic events, gastrointestinal toxicity, and fatigue, as well as AEs associated with Hh-pathway inhibitors (alopecia, muscle spasms, dysgeusia). Educating patients about typical AEs can facilitate adherence as well as early AE identification and proactive management. For LDAC, which is a long-established therapy in AML, various stages of delivery need consideration, with attention to individual circumstances. Practical measures such as dispensing a longer supply can reduce the number of return clinic visits, providing a meaningful difference for many patients.

Conclusions

Pharmacists and advanced practitioners play important roles in treatment with glasdegib plus LDAC. Ultimately, framing plans for treatment delivery within the individual circumstances of each patient may enable them to stay on therapy longer, giving them the greatest potential to achieve benefit.
Hyperammonemia in azotemic cats
Authors: Carvalho Lauren , Kelley Denise , Labato Mary Anna , Webster Cynthia RL
Published: November 2020

Objectives

Hyperammonemia occurs in cats with hepatobiliary and nutritional (cobalamin and arginine deficiency) disorders, and has also been documented in four cats with renal azotemia. We hypothesized that in cats with renal azotemia, fasting hyperammonemia would correlate with indices of worsening kidney function, and would be independent of cobalamin, potassium, systemic inflammation or urinary tract infection (UTI) with urease-producing bacteria.

Methods

A fasted blood sample was prospectively collected for ammonia and cobalamin analysis from 18 client-owned cats with renal azotemia (creatinine [Cr] ⩾1.6 mg/dl, urine specific gravity <1.030 or documentation of historical chronic kidney disease [CKD]). Correlations between blood ammonia and selected biochemical parameters were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

Results

Seven castrated males and 11 spayed females with a median age of 12 years (range 4–19 years) were enrolled. Ten of 18 (56%) cats presented for acute kidney injury (AKI) or acute on chronic kidney disease (AoCKD), and 8/18 (44%) presented for progressive CKD. The median Cr was 5.9 mg/dl (range 1.9–24.7 mg/dl). Hyperammonemia was documented in 4/18 (22%) cats, with a median of 95 µmol/dl (range 85–98 µmol/dl), and all four of these cats were classified as AKI/AoCKD. Blood ammonia concentrations had a significant moderate positive correlation between blood urea nitrogen (BUN) ( r = 0.645, P = 0.003), Cr ( r = 0.578, P = 0.012) and serum phosphorus ( r = 0.714, P = 0.0009) but not with cobalamin, potassium or white blood cell count. No cats had UTIs with urease-producing bacteria.

Conclusions and relevance

A correlation exists between blood ammonia and BUN, Cr and phosphorus in cats with renal azotemia. Future studies are warranted in a larger population of cats to determine the true prevalence, etiology and potential therapeutic effect of medical management of hyperammonemia on long-term prognosis in cats with kidney disease.
Rebubbling of detached descemet membrane endothelial grafts at the slit lamp with 50% air fill after PI-less DMEK during COVID-19 era
Authors: Franka Mustafa , Mistry Meera , Moustafa Mohanad , Erikitola Ore-oluwa , Lyall Douglas
Published: November 2020

Purpose:

To describe the effective use of only 50% air fill of the anterior chamber for rebubbling partially detached Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) grafts at the slit lamp at a time of restricted operating theatre access during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:

We present two cases of patients who underwent rebubbling of a partially detached DMEK grafts at the slit lamp following DMEK surgery without peripheral iridotomy. The rebubbling was performed with a 27-gauge needle attached to a 1ml syringe and the patients seated at the slit lamp. Air was injected into the anterior chamber until a 50% air fill was achieved. The patients were instructed to lie supine for 30 min in clinic and the remainder of the day at home.

Results:

We performed two rebubbling procedures at the slit lamp using the standard needle and syringe. Both cases achieved 50% air fills without any complications. At 3 days post-procedure the air bubble had resolved and the graft appeared attached centrally and at day 14 post-procedure the two patients had a clear and attached corneal graft with corrected visual acuity of 6/7.5 and 6/9, respectively.

Conclusion:

Rebubbling of detached DMEK grafts at the slit lamp with 50% air fill in the anterior chamber is a relatively simple and effective procedure. This provides an alternative approach for managing the complication of partially detached DMEK grafts in the era of COVID-19 with limited operating theatre access and avoids the risk of complications such as pupillary block in ‘PI-less’ DMEK.
The impact of vision impairment on vision-related quality of life of patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Marakis Theodoros P , Koutsandrea Chrysanthi , Poulou Maria S
Published: November 2020

Purpose:

To investigate the validity and reliability of the Greek Impact of Vision Impairment Questionnaire (IVI) and to explore the predictors of vision-related quality of life (VRQoL) in individuals with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Methods:

About 191 patients completed the IVI and the SF-12 Health Survey, and were assessed on visual exams. A random group of 20 participants completed the IVI twice with a 2 weeks interval, to assess test-retest reliability. About 102 patients completed the IVI 1 year later in a follow-up examination. Rasch analysis was used to evaluate response category functioning, scale precision, unidimensionality, scale targeting and differential item functioning. Stepwise multiple linear regression analyses identified predictors of VRQoL.

Results:

Test-retest reliability of IVI items was calculated from 0.86 to 0.98. The six response categories were merged into four to figure out disordered thresholds. Rasch analysis concluded in three scales: Mobility and Independence, Reading and Accessing Information, and Emotional Wellbeing. Regarding convergent validity, the IVI scores had significant associations with SF-12 components (ρ = 0.28–0.47) and measurements of visual acuity (ρ = 0.39–0.66). Worse VRQoL at 1 year follow-up was correlated with decline in distance and near VA. Distance VA and the SF-12 components were common predictors for all three subscales. The duration of disease was a significant predictor for the emotional subscale.

Conclusion:

The Greek IVI was found to assess AMD patients’ perceptions of VRQoL in a valid, reliable and responsive to eyesight manner. VRQoL was mainly established by patients’ distance VA and mental health.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on eye emergencies
Authors: Poyser Alicia , Deol Sundeep S , Osman Lina , Kuht Helen J , Sivagnanasithiyar Tharsica , Manrique Roslyn , Okafor Linda O , DeSilva Ian , Sharpe David , Savant Vijay , Sarodia Usman , Sarvananthan Nagini , Chaudhuri Ray , Banerjee Somnath , Burns Joyce , Thomas Mervyn G
Published: November 2020

Background:

To characterise and compare ocular pathologies presenting to an emergency eye department (EED) during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 against an equivalent period in 2019.

Methods:

Electronic patient records of 852 patients in 2020 and 1818 patients in 2019, attending the EED at a tertiary eye centre (University Hospitals of Leicester, UK) were analysed. Data was extracted over a 31-day period during: (study period 1 (SP1)) COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in UK (24th March 2020–23rd April 2020) and (study period 2 (SP2)) the equivalent 2019 period (24th March 2019–23rd April 2019).

Results:

A 53% reduction in EED attendance was noted during lockdown. The top three pathologies accounting for >30% of the caseload were trauma-related, keratitis and uveitis in SP1 in comparison to conjunctivitis, trauma-related and blepharitis in SP2. The overall number of retinal tears and retinal detachments (RD) were lower in SP1, the proportion of macula-off RD’s (84.6%) was significantly ( p = 0.0099) higher in SP1 (vs 42.9% in SP2).

Conclusion:

COVID-19 pandemic related lockdown has had a significant impact on the range of presenting conditions to the EED. Measures to stop spread of COVID-19 such as awareness of hand hygiene practices, social distancing measures and school closures could have an indirect role in reducing spread of infective conjunctivitis. The higher proportion of macula-off RD and lower number of retinal tears raises possibility of delayed presentation in these cases. Going forward, we anticipate additional pressures on EED and other subspecialty services due to complications and associated morbidity from delayed presentations.
Stage acoustics and parametric design: The development of an integrated early design tool
Authors: Sanz Soriano Javier , Wright Oliver , van den Braak Elisabeth , Day Christopher
Published: November 2020

Traditional ray tracing software tools (e.g. Odeon, CATT-Acoustic, EASE) enable detailed analysis of stage acoustics; however, they are typically undertaken in later design stages and lack the flexibility required for early design development. This paper, which follows from a poster presentation at ISRA 2019, investigates the use of a three-dimensional modelling platform (Rhinoceros/Grasshopper) to quickly assess the influence of architectural changes on reflections that support orchestral ensemble. This approach enables immediate feedback, a more creative design process and better integration of architecture and acoustics. Early reflections have been found to be vital for effective orchestral ensemble. Therefore, the study focused on the investigation of early energy distribution on stage with ray tracing analysis using a parametric tool. This tool also considers cross-stage shielding effects from the orchestra and the directivity of instruments. The results of the tool have been compared to an existing acoustic modelling software to determine its accuracy and reliability. Additionally, the expansion of the tool with an evolutionary solver has also been explored. The development of a Rhinoceros/Grasshopper design tool has been found to be beneficial in the analysis of stage conditions and enhances the design collaboration during early design phases.
The domestication of privacy-invasive technology on YouTube: Unboxing the Amazon Echo with the online warm expert
Authors: Neville Stephen J
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this article is to explore how unboxing videos on YouTube contribute to the domestication of privacy-invasive technology. Further, the objective is to show how consumer influencers on YouTube adapt to the flexible persona of the online warm expert (OWE) which expands the concept of the ‘warm expert’ from the domestication literature ( Bakardjieva, 2005 , Internet Society: The Internet in Everyday Life. London: Sage Publications). I argue that the OWE and unboxing discourse advance corporate interests of surveillance capitalism in home environments by promoting the circulation of emergent consumer technologies and eschewing meaningful discussion of privacy and surveillance issues. A case study of the Amazon Echo smart speaker and Alexa, its voice-activated personal assistant, is presented. The research consists of a qualitative thematic analysis of unboxing videos ( N = 73) and viewer comments on YouTube. Unboxing discourse reflects normative consumer culture values that are detached from critical discussions of surveillance or the informational privacy framework of end-user agreements. As a practical implication, the study helps look beyond the household and traditional social relationships in the domestic sphere to understand how technological domestication is being shaped in a paradigm of consumer culture that is fused with the infrastructural and cultural logics of the Internet and social media.
“My mindset has completely shifted from asking what to asking why and how”: Influence of two effective and expert teachers’ value orientations on their curricula and pedagogies
Authors: May Leah K. , Curtner-Smith Matthew D.
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of two effective and expert physical education (PE) teachers’ value orientations on the curricula they delivered and the pedagogies they employed. The specific research questions we attempted to answer were: (a) What were the teachers’ current value orientations? (b) How had these value orientations influenced their curricula and pedagogies? and (c) How had the teachers’ value orientations, curricula, and pedagogies evolved during the course of their careers? Data were collected from PE teachers Hudson and Garrett with the short form of the value orientation inventory and six interpretive techniques (i.e. formal, informal, and stimulated recall interviews; non-participant observations; document analysis; and reflective journaling). Value orientation profiles were graphed. Qualitative data were analyzed by employing analytic induction and constant comparison. Key findings were that the two PE teachers prioritized the disciplinary mastery and social responsibility orientations and they employed curricular models and pedagogies that were congruent with these perspectives. Data also indicated that the self-actualization perspective had a minor influence on Hudson and the learning process orientation had a similar influence on Garrett. Both PE teachers began teaching with a primary focus on disciplinary mastery and expanded their views to include social responsibility later in their careers. The study highlights the importance of exposing preservice and in-service teachers to different value orientations, curricular models, and pedagogies and requiring them to consider the congruence between their goals and objectives and the models and methods they employ.
Organizational building versus teachers’ personal and relational needs for school improvement
Authors: Liljenberg Mette , Blossing Ulf
Published: November 2020

Organizational building is essential if school leaders are to promote school improvement, but it can be difficult to combine with school leaders’ requirements to satisfy teachers’ personal and relational needs. The the aim of this study is to explore critical aspects when combining organizational building with requirements to satisfy teachers’ personal and relational needs in efforts to strengthen improvement capacity. The paper draws on a 3-year collaborative research project between a research team at a Swedish university and a municipality. It is based on data acquired in 137 interviews with 535 respondents in 28 public school and preschool units. The results highlight the importance of combining organizational building with efforts to improve teachers’ understanding of, motivation to promote, and adaptation to, the goals of the school organization. The significance of the study lies in clearly distinguishing the need to link organizational building and requirements to meet teachers’ personal and relational needs. Continually telling the story of the school and thus enabling teachers to personally connect to the improvement history is suggested as an innovative school leader strategy.
Advances in coral aggregate concrete and its combination with FRP: A state-of-the-art review
Authors: Zhou Wen , Feng Peng , Yang Jia-Qi
Published: November 2020

As an economical and eco-friendly construction material, coral aggregate concrete (CAC) plays an increasingly important role in emerging marine engineering applications. CAC fully utilizes local raw materials on remote islands. Due to the porous structure and low-strength characteristics of coral aggregates, CAC exhibits unique characteristics compared to ordinary concrete. This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of the properties of CAC, including (1) the physical properties of coral aggregates; (2) the mechanical properties of CAC under uniaxial and multiaxial compression; and (3) the durability of CAC especially its chloride ion resistance and performance under drying-wetting cycles. To overcome the challenges of steel corrosion in marine environments, fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) has been indicated to be a promising material for applications in CAC construction. The latest studies on the combination of FRP and CAC are reviewed, including the use of FRP tubes and bars.
Dynamic finite element simulation of wheel–rail contact response for the straight track case
Authors: Zhou Xiongfei , Jing Lin , Ma Xiaoqi
Published: November 2020

The dynamic effects, mainly including the inertia effect and strain-rate effect, on the dynamic wheel–rail contact behavior become more and more serious as the train speed increases. The inertia effect can be automatically taken into account in explicit finite element analysis codes, while the strain-rate effect needs to be considered via inputting the related material parameters. In the present paper, the influence of strain rate on the dynamic wheel–rail contact response for the straight track case was explored, based on a 3D wheel–rail rolling contact finite element model, via LS-DYNA/explicit algorithm. Effects of the axle load and train speed on typical dynamic wheel–rail responses were discussed, and the results indicate that the coupled train speed with strain rate has a non-negligible influence on dynamic contact responses. The strain rate hardening effect increases the maximum contact pressure and stress, and inhibits the plastic deformation of the wheel–rail system. A rate-sensitive factor (RSF) was then introduced to describe the strain rate hardening effect, confirming that the rail is more sensitive to strain rate compared to the wheel. Finally, an error analysis of the wheel–rail Hertz contact theory was conducted, which further verify the differences between elastic and elastic-plastic contact solutions.
Modeling of wedge-pin joint for the dynamic analysis of a planar temporary demountable structure
Authors: Yang Qingshan , Xu Liang , Hui Yi , Li Huihui , Qin Jinwei
Published: November 2020

In order to understand deeply the dynamic behavior of a Temporary Demountable Structure (TDS), a 2-D analytical model of the Wedge-Pin Joint (WPJ) is established. This model takes into account of the semi-rigidness of the vertical contact and the sliding between beam and column based on the frictional shear-slip mechanism. The analytical WPJ model is validated by comparing with the dynamic responses of the TDS modeled with that obtained from the finite element model under harmonic load. Furthermore, a thorough dynamic analysis of the TDS subjected to a bipedal walking force is conducted. Results show that the hysteretic effect of the WPJs can be induced in the system. It is strongly affected by the amplitude of excitation, and a larger excitation does not mean a stronger hysteresis. This can be interpreted by that large horizontal contact force for joints resulted from strong excitation in horizontal direction yields high friction, which enhances the clamping effects in vertical and then weakens the hysteretic effect of WPJs. In addition, the vertical slip for joint is limited to a small value due to a relative small acceleration, this small vertical slip leads to a small of hysteretic loop. Finally, it is also found that the semi-rigidness of WPJs can apparently increase the deformation and acceleration of the system in both horizontal and vertical directions. This research provides for the first time an analytical model of WPJs of TDS, which will be beneficial to the future research of human-TDS interaction.