bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AVRUPA KOMİSYONU’NUN YAPAY ZEKÂ TÜZÜK TEKLİFİ’NE GENEL BİR BAKIŞ
Authors: BOZKURT YÜKSEL Armağan Ebru
Published: July 2022

21 Nisan 2021 tarihinde Avrupa Komisyonu, kısaca Yapay Zekâ Tüzük Teklifi veya Tüzük Teklifi olarak anacağımız metni (Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council Laying Down Harmonised Rules on Artificial Intelligence (Artificial Intelligence Act) and Amending Certain Union Legislative Acts) yayınlamıştır. Bu metin yapay zekâ alanında hukuki düzenleme yapılması konusunda atılan ilk somut adım olarak değerlendirilebilir. Düzenleme yürürlüğe girdiğinde yapay zekâ alanında faaliyet gösteren şirketleri, girişimleri, müşterileri, devletleri yakından etkileyecektir. Avrupa Birliği’nde yürürlükte bulunan Genel Veri Koruma Tüzüğü’nde (General Data Protection Regulation-Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of The European Parliament and of The Council of 27 April 2016)olduğu gibi Yapay Zekâ Tüzüğü’nün de yürürlüğe girmesiyle birlikte küresel standartların belirlenmesinde öncü olması beklenmektedir. Bu makalede Yapay Zekâ Tüzük Teklifi’nin getirdiği temel hususlara ilişkin ileri sürülen eleştiriler ve değerlendirmeler ele alınmaktadır. Elbette Tüzük Teklifi’nde yer alan tüm hususların etraflıca ve tek tek incelenmesine ihtiyaç vardır.
PENERAPAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN “MICROPASCIEN “ UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP KEMAGNETAN
Authors: SOEHARTO TEGUH
Published: July 2022

Pemahaman konsep kemagnetan merupakan materi esensial pada pembelajaran Fisika.  Tujuan penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep kemagnetan melalui penerapan media Micropascien (Microsoft Paper Science).  Penelitian dilakukan di SMP Negeri 3 Babelan, Kabupaten Bekasi, Jawa Barat, Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021.  Penelitian ini adalah penelitian Tindakan kelas dalam dua siklus.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada Pra-Siklus, diperoleh hanya 6,67% dari 30 siswa yang mampu menjelaskan konsep kemagnetan dengan benar. Pemahaman konsep magnet siswa meningkat dari 65,13 pada Siklus ke-1 menjadi 84,16 pada Siklus ke-1I.  Jumlah siswa yang memahami konsep kemagnetan meningkat dari 10,67% menjadi 96,67%.  Peningkatan pemahaman konsep kemagnetan meliputi indikator menafsirkan, menyajikan contoh, menyimpulkan dan menjelaskan. Kesimpulkan penelitian bahwa penggunaan media pembelajaran Micropascien dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep kemagnetan.  Hasil penelitian merekomendasikan kepada guru IPA untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep kemagnetan menggunakan media Micropascien.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN GURU MEMANFAATKAN MEDIA IT DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MELALUI WORKSHOP TPOEG
Authors: Purwanto Wahyu
Published: July 2022

Pembimbingan dan pelatihan melalui Workshop The Power of Edu Game (TPOEG) bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan pemanfaatan media IT oleh guru di SMP Negeri 1 Lumajang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan sekolah. Instrumen penelitian ini yaitu lembar observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan workshop TPOEG dapat meningkatkan keterampilan guru dalam pemanfataan media IT pada siklus I sebesar 80,33% menjadi 90,56%. Hal tersebut juga didukung data tingkat kebahagiaan siswa (well-being student) setelah mengikuti edu games dengan respon siswa rata-rata 90,36% atau sangat baik. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, integrasi edu games terbukti dapat membuat pembelajaran menjadi menyenangkan bagi siswa, oleh karenanya guru dapat merekomendasikan dalam pembelajaran selanjutnya. Pengembangan lebih lanjut terkait integrasi edu games dalam pembelajaran dapat dilakukan melalui Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran Sekolah (MGMPS).
MENINGKATAN KREATIFITAS PESERTA DIDIK DALAM MENULIS KARTU UCAPAN BERBAHASA INGGRIS MELALUI METODE PRAKTIK
Authors: Suwanto Suwanto
Published: July 2022

Kemampuan menulis kartu ucapan masih rendah, dipengaruhi oleh kurangnya penguasaan kosakata, kesulitan menyusun kalimat yang baik dan benar, tidak mempunyai ide dan penggunaan tata bahasa salah. Tujuan penelitian (1) menjelaskan proses metode praktik mampu meningkatkan kreatifitas dalam membuat kartu ucapan berbahasa Inggris, (2) menjelaskan hasil metode praktik, (3) menjelaskan perubahan perilaku/sikap peserta didik. Metode penelitian digunakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjek penelitian kelas VIIIF SMPN 17 Pontianak berjumlah 11 peserta didik. Pengumpulan data digunakan lembar pengamatan dan tes. Analisis data: normalitas, homogenitas dan uji satu sampel. Hasil penelitian: pertama, proses untuk meningkatkan kreatifitas meliputi 6 langkah; (a) Penentuan pertanyaan mendasar, (b) Mendesain perencanaan proyek, (c) Menyusun jadwal, (d) Monitoring peserta didik dan kemajuan proyek, (e) Menguji hasil, (f) Evaluasi pengalaman. Kedua, hasil perhitungan p (0,200) lebih besar dari nilai signifikansi 0,05 (α ˃ 0,05) data berdistribusi normal, signifikansi p (0,209) yang diperoleh > α, variansi setiap sampel sama (homogen), terdapat perbedaan kemampuan awal dan akhir setelah peserta didik mengikuti pembelajaran dengan metode praktik sig. (0,030) < α = 0,05. Ketiga, perubahan perilaku semula cukup aktif (45%) menjadi aktif (68,18%). Rata-rata dimensi kreatif yang diintegrasikan dalam proyek pembuatan kartu ucapan pada aspek isi/teks sebesar 3,27, desain 3,09, gambar 2,91 dan tujuan 2,82. Berdasarkan data aspek isi peserta didik dapat membuat kartu ucapan yang benar sesuai dengan isi kartu ucapan, peserta didik dapat mendesain kartu ucapan, mengkreasi gambar yang sesuai dengan kartu ucapan, dan sudah merumuskan tujuan kartu ucapan dengan benar.
Propagation of Terminalia chebula Retz. – An important medicinal tree
Authors: Manjunatha G. , Lokesh S. , Patil S. , Dasar G.
Published: July 2022

Terminalia chebula is always listed in ayurvedic meteria medica. The fruit is used as an astringent and laxative, for local external application against chronic ulcers. Being a constituent of “Triphala” which is used as purgative and antihelmintic. Due to the increased utility with respect to medicinal value of the tree, the demand for the fruits is increasing in India rapidly. The commercial cultivation of Terminalia chebula is hindered by lack of feasible propagation techniques. Hence an attempt was made to standardize the propagation by seeds and grafting in Terminalia chebula at College of Forestry, Sirsi. The results revealed that Pre-treated seeds showed significantly higher germination percentage (63.33%) over control. The maximum germination per cent was in cow dung slurry treatment for 30 days (63.33%) followed by hand scarification with GA3 treatment (47.77%). Among four types of grafting techniques tried namely, epicotyl grafting, whip grafting, cleft grafting, whip and tongue grafting, the success per cent (66.67%), number of sprouts (2.47) and number of leaves (5.17) was maximum in epicotyl grafting followed by whip grafting.
High Entropy Alloys for Extreme Load-Bearing Applications
Authors: Zhao Shiteng , Li Zezhou
Published: July 2022

High entropy alloys (HEAs) have emerged as a new class of materials that can exhibit superior mechanical properties to the conventional alloy systems. Therefore, they are promising candidates as the next generation structural materials. As the studies into the HEAs deepen, the original proposal of equal concentration of each element while remaining a single phased structure has been expanded and new opportunities start to emerge. Here we briefly discuss several future directions for HEAs which include fundamental questions such as chemical short-range order and synergistic strengthening mechanisms, as well as HEA’s potential applications under extreme conditions such as high-temperature and cryogenic load-bearing, impact protection and kinetic penetrator.
Impact of El-Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on extreme temperature events over India
Authors: PAI D.S. , NAIR SMITHA
Published: July 2022

In this paper we examine the impact of extreme phases (El-Niño and La-Niña)  of El-Nino- Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the frequency, duration, magnitude and spatial coverage of Heat waves (HWs) computed using daily maximum temperature of 103 stations during the hot weather season (April-June or AMJ) for the period 1961-2020 and Cold waves (CWs) computed using daily minimum temperature of 86 stations during the cold weather season (December-February or DJF) for the period 1971-2020 from India. HWs are generally experienced over the north, north-west, central, east India and north-east Peninsula [together called core HW zone (CHZ)] with highest frequency during May.  Whereas, the CWs are generally observed in the Core Cold Wave Zone (CCZ) which is nearly the same as CHZ but includes Jammu and Kashmir and excludes coastal Andhra Pradesh. The study observed noticeable decadal variation in the frequency, spatial coverage and area of maximum frequency both in the HW/SHW and CW/SCW days over the country. It was also observed that there is an appreciable increase (decrease) in the number of HW days during El-Niño (La-Niña) events. Severe Heat waves were more prominent (longest and hottest) in El-Niño years. Exactly opposite association was observed in case of CW days. El-Niño event mostly inhibits the CW activities in India.  Significant increasing (decreasing) trends in the HW (CW) days were observed in many stations from CHZ (CCZ), which is in tune with similar trends observed over various other parts of the world.  The possible physical mechanisms for the observed linkage of these temperature extreme events over the country with the El-Nino / La-Nina are also discussed in the paper.
Uncertainties in future climate projections and consequential impact on maize productivity
Authors: GOWTHAM R. , GEETHALAKSHMI V. , PRIYANKA S , BHUVANESWARI K , SENTHIL A , RAJA K.SENTHIL , DHASARATHAN M.
Published: July 2022

There exist a huge uncertainty cascade in projecting the future climate and in-turn using the same in assessing the impact on crop yields. To address the problem of projecting the future climate over Tamil Nadu in Southern India, 29 Global Circulation Models defined under coupled model inter comparison project (CMIP5) of IPCC were employed for understanding the range of deviations in future climate from current condition. Outputs of representative concentration pathway (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios for mid-century were processed for impact assessment. Selected models output was forced in dynamic crop simulation model DSSAT for assessing the impact on spatial variability in maize productivity over Tamil Nadu and possible adaptation options were tailored forreducing impacts. During the Northeast Monsoon (NEM), the maximum temperature is expected to rise by 2.0 °C for RCP 4.5 and 3.0 °C for RCP 8.5, while the minimum temperature is expected to rise by 1.8 °C for RCP 4.5 and 2.4 °C for RCP 8.5 in the mid-century. Rainfall is anticipated to vary from -22.8 to 21.1% for RCP 4.5 and -31.3 to 32.6% for RCP 8.5. The magnitude of decline in yield would be more in RCP 8.5 (30.7%) over RCP 4.5 (10.6%) scenario. Impacts of future climate change could be reduced by altering the date of sowing (early sowing) to September 1st against September 15th (normal sowing) under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios. Additional dose of (25%) fertilizer had positive response with yield increase up to 15% under future climatic conditions.
Recent floods in Kerala and its impact on rice yield in Kuttanad- A retrospective analysis
Authors: NAIR LINITHA , BALAN SMITHA
Published: July 2022

Unprecedented severe floods, which affected Kerala during 2018 and 2019 submerged Kuttanad almost completely and the effects of these severe floods to following rice crop were studied. In these severe floods, the following rice crop puncha reflected a marked increase in yield mainly due to increase in soil fertility and less incidence of pests and diseases. In view of total rice production in the kuttanad region, severe floods have even a positive effect on rice production as the ground water table rose to facilitate water to the rabi crop. It was observed that there has been a notable variation in minimum temperature and relative humidity. All these factors contributed significantly to increase in rice yield. Floods are not always disastrous and can sometimes be advantageous as indicated by the post flood rice yields in kuttanad
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DENGAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI DI RUANG RAWAT INAP RSUD SULTAN IMANUDDIN PANGKALAN BUN
Authors: Hastutik Kristiana Pudji , Ningsih Rastia , Syahleman Rukmini
Published: July 2022

Latar belakang dan tujuan penelitian hipertensi disebut the silent killer disease karena terjadinya sering tanpa keluhan karena tidak menunjukkan gejala, sehingga penderita hipertensi tidak menyadari bahwa mereka mengalami hipertensi. Hipertensi disebut juga tekanan darah tinggi dimana terjadi peningkatan tekanan darah sistolik ≥140 mmHg dan tekanan darah diastolik ≥90 mmHg. Penyakit ini apabila tidak ditangani segera dapat menimbulkan komplikasi dan kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dengan tekanan darah pada penderita Hipertensi di Ruang Rawat Inap RSUD Sultan Imanuddin Pangkalan Bun.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kolerasi dengan desain cross sectional dengan teknik non probability sampling yaitu purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 31 sampel.Hasil penelitian ini adalah tingkat pengetahuan responden hampir setengahnya baik sebanyak 11 responden (35,5%), tekanan darah responden sebagian besar hipertensi sebanyak 22 responden (71%) dan hasil dari uji kolerasi rank spearman didapatkan hasil p=0,000 (p< 0,05) yang artinya ada Hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dengan tekanan darah pada penderita Hipertensi.Kesimpulan semakin baik tingkat pengetahuan maka tekanan darah tidak tinggi atau mendekati normal sebaliknya semakin rendah tingkat pengetahuan maka tekanan darah semakin tinggi.Kata kunci : Tingkat Pengetahuan, Tekanan Darah, Hipertensi, Rawat Inap
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SEDIAAN SALEP EKSTRAK DAUN DAN BATANG KELAKAI (Stenochlaena palustris (Burm. f) Bedd) TERHADAP PENYEMBUHAN LUKA SAYAT PADA KULIT TIKUS PUTIH
Authors: Jamilah Jamilah , Billi Joseph , Effendi Harun
Published: July 2022

Pendahuluan : Kelakai (stenochlaena palustris (burm. f) bedd) memiliki senyawa flavonoid, saponin dan tanin yang dapat membantu mempercepat proses penyembuhan luka sayat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian sediaan salep ekstrak daun dan batang kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris (Burm. f) Bedd) terhadap penyembuhan luka sayat pada kulit tikus putih.Metode : Hewan uji yang digunakan sebanyak 15 ekor dan dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok yaitu kontrol negatif (dasar salep tanpa ekstrak), kontrol positif (salep Betadine), salep ekstrak daun dan batang kelakai 10%, salep ekstrak daun dan batang kelakai 15% dan salep ekstrak daun dan batang kelakai 20%.Hasil : Analisa data menggunakan uji nonparametrik Mann-Whitney menyatakan signifikasi p<0,05. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa salep esktrak daun dan batang kelakai dapat mempercepat penyembuhan luka sayat pada kulit tikus putih.Kesimpulan : Terdapat pengaruh pemberian sediaan salep ekstrak daun dan batang kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris (Burm. f) Bedd) terhadap penyembuhan luka sayat pada kulit tikus putih Kata Kunci : Kelakai (stenochlaena palustris (burm. f) bedd), Luka sayat, Salep
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN MANGGA KASTURI (Mangifera casturi) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH MENCIT YANG DIINDUKSI ALOKSAN
Authors: Yuliawati Tri , Fakhruddin Fakhruddin , Jaluri Poppy Dwi Citra
Published: July 2022

Pendahuluan : Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit kronik yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia akibat penurunan produksi insulin pada sel beta pankreas. Mangifera casturi mengandung senyawa flavonoid, tanin dan saponin yang berkhasiat sebagai pengobatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak etanol daun mangga kasturi (Mangifera casturi) sebagai antidiabetes.Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan desain pre test and post test. Pengujian ini menggunakan 15 ekor mencit putih jantan yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif (Na-CMC 0,5%), kelompok kontrol positif (Glibenklamid 0,013 mg/kg BB), kelompok perlakuan ekstrak etanol daun mangga kasturi dosis 50; 100; 150 mg/kg BB. Pengukuran kadar glukosa darah mencit dilakukan pada hari ke-0, hari ke-3, hari ke-10 dan hari ke-17 menggunakan glukometer. Persentase penurunan kadar glukosa darah mencit dianalisis menggunakan uji One Way Annova dan Post Hoc LSD.Hasil : Hasil uji statistika menyatakan ada perbedaan (P < 0,05) pada kelompok kontrol negatif dengan kelompok perlakuan ekstrak dosis 50;100; 150 mg/kg BB. Pada kelompok perlakuan ekstrak dosis 150 mg/kg BB tidak terdapat perbedaan terhadap kelompok kontrol positif dengan nilai P > 0,05.Kesimpulan : Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun mangga kasturi dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah mencit yang diinduksi aloksan. Dosis 150 mg/kg BB memberikan pengaruh yang sebanding dengan glibenklamid.Kata kunci :  Daun mangga kasturi (Mangifera casturi), diabetes melitus, kadar glukosa darah.
ASUHAN KEBIDANAN KOMPREHENSIF PADA NY ”F” DI PRAKTEK MANDIRI BIDAN LIANA PANGKALAN BUN KECAMATAN ARUT SELATAN KABUPATEN KOTAWARINGIN BARAT
Authors: Mariana Mariana , Lubis Angela Ditauli , Oktarina Jenny
Published: July 2022

Asuhan kebidanan Continuity Of Care (COC) merupakan asuhan kebidanan dimulai pada saat kehamilan, persalinan, bayi baru lahir, nifas dan keluarga berencana. Masalah yang terjadi pada ibu hamil adalah pendarahan dan preeklamsi sedangkan kasus kematian pada bayi banyak disebabkan oleh BBLR dan asfiksia. Sedangkan kematian pada ibu nifas banyak terjadi karena perdarahan postpartum. Berdasarkan data yang di peroleh di PMB Liana ibu hamil 67 (100%), ibu bersalin sebanyak 45 orang (100%), bayi baru lahir sebanyak 44 orang (100%), jumlah ibu nifas sebanyak 44 orang (100%),  ibu  melakukan KB sebanyak 200 orang (100%). Dengan KB pil sebanyak 20 orang (10%), KB suntik sebanyak 180 (90%).  (PMB Liana, 2019). Tujuan penelitian untuk memberikan asuhan secara komprehensif menggunakan Varney dan SOAP.Metode penelitian Asuhan dalam Laporan Tugas ini menggunakan studi kasus/case study sasaran yang akan diberikan asuhan secara Komprehensif adalah  ibu hamil trimester III dengan usia kehamilan 28-32 minggu yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Pengambilan data didapatkan melalui data primer dan sekunder dengan menggunakan pendekatan metode 7 Langkah Varney dan SOAP. Hasil : Asuhan Kebidanan pada kehamilan dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali dengan kehamilan fisiologis. Asuhan persalinan dilakukan pada tanggal 2 Oktober 2020 jam 02.00 WIB kala I-kala IV jam 10.25 WIB secara keseluruhan selama 4 jam dengan fisiologi Bayi Ny. F Perempuan lahir tanggal 2 Oktober 2020 jam 09.50 WIB BB 3200 gram, PB 50 cm, LD 34 cm, LK 32 cm lahir spontan, menangis kuat, kulit kemerahan, bergerak aktif dan APGAR score 7-10. Asuhan masa nifas sebanyak 4 kali dengan nifas fisiologis dan ibu menggunakan alat kontasepsi suntik 3 bulan.Kesimpulan : Setelah dilakukan asuhan secara komprehensif  pada Ny. F dari kehamilan trimester III, bersalin, Bayi Baru Lahir, serta KB normal tanpa ada komplikasi. Kata kunci : Asuhan Kebidanan Komprehensif
Pragmatic Analysis on Political Text in Posters, Slogans and Jingles in Davao Del Norte, Philippines
Authors: Vallejo Armand James
Published: July 2022

Elections in the Philippines covered with a lot of controversies. Among those recognized political parties, two were most coveted for a position. These are the Hugpong ng Pagbabago (HNP) and Partido Demokratiko Pilipino – Lakas ng Bayan (PDP – Laban). Meanwhile, due to the same interest of both parties, they fought one another for a position using striking, deceiving, and powerful words to convince the people. The purpose of this study is to identify the pragmatic acts on the political text in posters, slogans, and jingles. Employing a qualitative content analysis approach, the corpora were retrieved and purposively identified across Davao del Norte Philippines. Data were analyzed by identifying the pragmatic acts. Results revealed that the political paraphernalia used by the aspirant politicians that are based on the pragmeme consist of activity part or also known as interactants and textual part or context. In the context parts, it identified the pragmatic features such as Reference (REF), Inference (IR), Relevance (REL), Voice (VC), Shared Situation Knowledge (SSK), Metaphor (M), and Shared Cultural Knowledge (SCK). Also, the politician employed different contextual backgrounds to ‘pract’ declaring, comparing, emphasizing, offering, claiming, committing, and predicting. Thus, it is recommended to explore the features in the linguistics aspects to deepen the understanding of the language used by the political candidates for a specific position. Also, widen the scope of the study to pragmatize the language.
Ocular metastasis from mammary carcinoma: a case report
Authors: Belhouari Meryem , khalfi Samia , Bourhafour Mouna , Bouchbika Zineb , Benchakroun Nadia , Jouhadi Hassan , Tawfik Nezha , sahraoui Souha , Benider Abdelttif
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Ocular structures represent an extremely rare sites for disseminated malignancy , which can have different origins of primary cancer.
womans ocular metastasis should suggest primary breast cancer at first.
The diagnosis of metastatic ocular disease is based on clinical and radiological arguments, they should be considered in any visual disturbance, such as exophthalmos, which is the most frequent symptom. The definitive diagnosis is based on the histological analysis. Treatment options are focused on improving the patients quality of life. It is a combination of local and systemic cancer treatments that can help to preserve the visual acuity .however the prognosis remains poor.
In this manuscript, we present a rare case of a woman with ocular metastasis, who was traited 6 years ago for a breast cancer, while raising the clinical, paraclinical and therapeutic aspects of this location with a review of the literature.
Novel holistic approach to Pilocytic Astrocytoma: A case report
Authors: Yasar Mustafa , Demirel Teoman
Published: July 2022

Pilocytic astrocytoma is a benign nature and slow-growing brain tumor in childhood. Localization of tumor could be cerebellum, optic nerve, optic chiasm, hypothalamus, third ventricle region, spinal cord, and temporal lobe. Treatment is frequently gross total surgical excision. A 1-year-old boy patient complained of nystagmus in his left eye was admitted to our clinic in December 2017. The patient had a healthy full-term delivery and did not report a family history of cancer. Protocol of the Remember Regeneration Therapy Method, a holistic treatment approach, was applied to this patient for 48 months. A reduction in tumor size in patients magnetic resonance imaging of the brain scan and nystagmus were determined. Administration of treatment of cases with pilocytic astrocytoma improved the quality of life is very crucial. In addition to clinical improvement, long-term support with no side effects or complications may be valuable in pilocytic astrocytoma.
Unilateral occlusion of the vertebral artery as a cause of bilateral paresis of the abducens nerve - case report
Authors: Vujovic Sandra , Perunicic Slavisa , Debeljevic Mladen , Roganovic Milovan
Published: July 2022

Paresis/paralysis of the abducens nerve can be unilateral or bilateral. So far, several causes of unilateral paresis/paralysis of the abducens have been described: stroke, tumors, demyelinating diseases, infections and above all trauma.
In this manuscript we present a 47-year-old lady with bilateral paresis of the abducens nerve. We described all the diagnostic procedures we have done in order to determine the etiology of this disorder (laboratory, radiological and other analyzes). The only pathological deviation that was discovered in our patient was unilateral occlusion of the vertebral artery.
This is the first time that the unilateral occlusion of the vertebral artery has been correlated with a mentioned lesion of the sixth cranial nerves.
Felino pequeño, ciudad grande: Leopardus Colocola (Carnivora: Felidae) en la Región Metropolitana de Santiago de Chile y amenazas para su conservación
Authors: Guzmán Marín Byron C. , Hernández-Hernández Julio C. , Olmos de Aguilera Natividad S. , Muñoz Peña Patricio A. , Kaiser Melanie
Published: July 2022

En la zona central de Chile existe una población de gato colocolo (Leopardus colocola) con características únicas que recientemente llevaron a la propuesta de considerarla especie monotípica endémica del país. Lamentablemente, esta población enfrenta una serie de amenazas, particularmente evidentes en la Región Metropolitana de Santiago. A la vez, los esfuerzos de conservación se ven obstaculizados por la falta absoluta de datos específicos, de modo que actualmente no es factible evaluar el estado de conservación de L. colocola en Chile central.  Presentamos evidencia audiovisual de cinco avistamientos de L. colocola en la Región Metropolitana, todos ellos obtenidos a través de observaciones directas. Proceden de distintos ambientes naturales: el félido fue observado en zonas de uso público y privado, en áreas que cuentan con algún tipo de protección y otras que no. Las amenazas directas para la especie se repiten independientemente de estos parámetros y comprenden perros domésticos que deambulan sin supervisión, el uso del fuego y el consiguiente riesgo de incendios forestales, la presencia de vehículos motorizados y grandes cantidades de basura, así como la prolongada sequía en Chile central. Demostramos que L. colocola sigue presente en la Región Metropolitana de Chile, donde tiene que hacer frente a una serie de condiciones que ponen en peligro su sobrevivencia a largo plazo. La totalidad de las amenazas descritas en este trabajo son de origen antropogénico y, por ende, está en nuestras manos mitigarlas. Para ello, se requiere de la inclusión de la población de la Región Metropolitana y alrededores, tanto a través de la educación como de la fiscalización.
Analisis Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Earning Response Coefficient Pada Perusahaan Sektor Keuangan Yang Terdaftar Pada BEI Sebelum Dan Selama Pandemik Covid-19
Authors: Santoso Ikhsan Hadi , Daniswara Triasputra , Prasetyo Aries Heru
Published: July 2022

This study analyzes the effect of leverage, systematic risk (Beta), company size, company growth, and profitability, on the Earning Response Coefficient (ERC). ERC is an indicator of the quality of financial statements which is calculated based on the market response to accounting profit. This research was conducted on financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period before Covid-19 and during the Covid-19 period. For the period before Covid-19 the research was carried out in the third quarter of 2018 to the fourth quarter of 2020 while the research during the Covid-19 period was carried out in the first quarter of 2020 to the second quarter of 2021. Samples were taken using purposive sampling that met the selection criteria. The results showed that the ROA variable had a significant effect on ERC in the period before Covid-19, but none of the variables had a significant impact during Covid-19.

Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh leverage, risiko sistematik (Beta), ukuran perusahaan, pertumbuhan perusahaan, dan profitabilitas, pada Earning Response Coefficient (ERC). ERC merupakan salah satu indikator kualitas laporan keuangan yang dihitung berdasarkan respon pasar terhadap laba akuntansi. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada perusahaan sektor keuangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada periode sebelum Covid-19 dan selama periode Covid-19. Untuk periode sebelum Covid-19 penelitian dilakukan pada kuartal ketiga tahun 2018 sampai dengan kuartal keempat 2020 sedangkan penelitian selama periode Covid-19 dilakukan pada kuartal pertama tahun 2020 sampai dengan kuartal kedua tahun 2021. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan purposive sampling yang memenuhi kriteria pemilihan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel ROA berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ERC pada periode sebelum Covid-19 namun tidak ada satu variabel pun yang berdampak signifikan pada periode selama Covid-19.
Kampung Pengawasan Partisipatif dan Road Map Indeks Kerawanan Pemilu di Kabupaten Indramayu
Authors: Irawan Dede
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the participatory monitoring village program in preventing election violations. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach that analyzes the phenomenon of election supervision, election violations in the implementation of the 2019 Election and the 2020 Pilkada associated with the participatory monitoring village program which establishes the rambatan wetan village as a pilot project for the participatory monitoring center with the consideration that the wetan rambatan village is a zero village. offense and close to the city center. The results of the study show that the participatory monitoring village program does not consider data on election violations and the election vulnerability index in the 2020 elections so that its implementation is predicted to be less than optimal in preventing and suppressing election violations, the program should be mapped to villages with minimal knowledge, low participation and villages that have The potential for high vulnerability to violations is placed in several villages so that they can become a catalyst for Bawaslu in mapping and compiling an election vulnerability index in stages so that potential vulnerabilities can be prevented. The Participatory Monitoring Village Program should be optimized by paying attention to data on violations and vulnerabilities in order to prepare for the 2024 election design which is predicted to be very complex, because Election Oversight, potential violation vulnerabilities and the election vulnerability index are components that cannot be separated as an instrument of election supervision.
High-Cost Democracy: Stimulus Ijon Politik dalam Pemilu Lokal di Region Kaya Sumber Daya Alam
Authors: Setiawan Hendy , Widyana Maulida Rita
Published: July 2022

This study discusses the practice of political bondage which is increasingly prevalent in various regions in Indonesia. Actually, the cause of political bondage is due to high cost democracy which causes prospective candidates to have to look for sponsors, especially in companies that manage natural resources. So, when the candidate is elected or has officially taken office, he must fulfill the promise that has been agreed between the authorities and the entrepreneur, which promise can be in the form of mining permits, transfer of land functions, and so on. Then, the method used in this research is descriptive qualitative by explaining that political bonds have a correlation with corruption. Then, the researcher uses Ross' main theory which relates the correlation between natural resources that will hinder and hurt democracy. Then, Billon's theory is that natural resources have the ability to motivate and fund various forms of activity. The results of this study show that the existence of political bonds is highly correlated with corruption, because the authorities justify or make something illegal to be legal due to an agreement with businessmen. The corruption of natural resources that dominates the most is in the Pilkada, especially in areas that are rich in natural resources. Entrepreneurs actually also take advantage of the momentum of the Pilkada to be able to enter the gap so that all permits related to natural resources run smoothly and they are protected by the law in their respective regions.
Evaluation of Stockpiled Perennial Forage Compared to Grass-legume Hay for Chemical Composition and Rumen Degradation Kinetics
Authors: Kulathunga Dharmasuri Gamage Ruwini , Damiran Daalkhaijav , Penner Gregory , Lardner Herbert
Published: July 2022

The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition and in situ degradability of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of stockpiled perennial forage (SPF) or sun-cured hay (HAY) when collected at the start or end (October vs. December) of fall grazing. Selected 6, 4-ha paddocks consisting of meadow bromegrass and alfalfa, were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 replicated (n = 3) winter feeding systems (SPF and HAY). Sampling was done twice per year at the beginning (October) and end (December) from (a) stockpiled perennial forage (SPF) in field paddocks and from (b) harvested round bale hay (HAY) over 2 consecutive years. Selected 6, 4-ha paddocks consisting of meadow bromegrass and alfalfa, were randomly assigned two winter feeding systems (SPF (n=3) and HAY (n=3)). Sampling were done twice per year at the beginning (October) and end (December) from (a) SPF (b) HAY over 2 consecutive years. To evaluate in situ degradability, duplicate nylon bags from each experimental unit were incubated for 0, 3, 6, 10, 13, 25, 48, 72, and 96 h in five Hereford heifers fitted with rumen cannula. Relative to HAY, SPF had greater (p = 0.01) OM (906 vs. 916 g/kg DM) and NDF (653 vs. 631 g/kg DM) concentrations. Sampling date had no effect (p > 0.05) on CP, OM, and ADF in both forages, whereas the NDF was greater (p = 0.01) in forages sampled in December. The in situ soluble fraction (S) of DM was greater (p = 0.01) for SPF collected in October, HAY collected in October, and HAY collected in December s (156, 138, and 152 g/kg DM, respectively) relative to SPF collected in December (106 g/kg DM). The potentially degradable fraction (D) of CP was less (p < 0.05) for HAY December samples compared to SPF December and HAY October samples (257 vs. 522 and 523 g/kg CP, respectively). The SPF had a greater (p < 0.05) potentially degradable ADF (749 vs. 587 g/kg ADF) and potentially degradable NDF (770 vs. 591 g/kg NDF) compared to HAY. The effect of forage type and sampling date did not affect (p > 0.05) effective degradability of NDF. Regardless of the forage type the potentially degradable fraction of NDF decreased from October to December (SPF: 770 to 730 g/kg NDF) (HAY: 680 g/kg to 491 g/kg NDF). These findings suggest SPF grazing is a robust substitute to hay feeding systems for beef cows.
Relation Management for Conflict Reduction in Industrial Business Sectors
Authors: Sawanglaptham Chaweng , Worawattanaparinya Sakrapee , Silpcharu Thanin
Published: July 2022

This research aims to study the guidelines for managing the labor relations system to reduce conflicts. The study was conducted using descriptive statistics, reference statistics and multivariate statistics. It was found that guidelines for managing the labor relations system to reduce conflicts in the industrial business sector comprised five aspects arranged in order of importance as follows: collaboration, working environment, organizational support, job characteristics and benefits. The hypothesis testing showed that workers paid more attention to guidelines for managing the labor relations system to reduce conflicts in the industrial business sector than executives and government officials did, with a statistical significance level of 0.05. The analysis of the structural equation model revealed that it passed the assessment criteria.
Evaluating Multi-Radar, Multi-Sensor Products for Surface Hailfall Diagnosis
Authors: Ortega Kiel L.
Published: July 2022

The operational deployment of the multi-radar, multi-sensor (MRMS) system has made available new products to use for hail detection. MRMS products are provided on a spatial grid and can give information on hail size and the spatial extent and distribution of the hail fall. This information is important to a wide audience, including warning forecasters needing to focus on areas for warning verification and insurance users needing to verify a claim. Products are typically verified and evaluated using hail reports from Storm Data, which are reports collected by local National Weather Service Offices. The National Severe Storms Laboratory conducted a project to collect reports of hail, including reports of “no hail” near storms, at high spatial resolution. This project, the Severe Hazards Analysis and Verification Experiment (SHAVE), collected tens of thousands of hail reports over ten years of operations. Three-hundred eighty-nine SHAVE operations, which yielded 21 184 SHAVE reports and 2814 Storm Data reports, are investigated. Nine MRMS products were evaluated with the reflectivity at lowest altitude demonstrating the best discrimination for where hail of any size fell and the maximum expected size of hail product provided the best discrimination for severe-sized hail. SHAVE- and Storm Data-based evaluations showed marked differences in product skill scores. Discussions on the differences between the hail report databases and explorations of vertical profiles of reflectivity are included.
The Birmingham, Alabama Snow “Disaster” of 28 January 2014
Authors: Coleman Timothy A. , Knupp Kevin R. , Dice J. P. , Laws Kevin , Darden Chris
Published: July 2022

A rare combination of anomalously cold air and rapidly falling snow produced a massive travel disruption in parts of the southeastern U.S. on 28 January 2014. Storm-total snowfalls were generally only 5 cm in the Birmingham, AL area, but most people were at work or school when the snow began. Due to icy roadways, thousands of people were forced to sleep in offices and schools, while many vehicles were abandoned on freeways and surface streets.

This event was a unique forecasting challenge in many aspects, especially for the southeastern U.S. In the 24 h leading up to the event, numerical model quantitative precipitation forecasting (QPF) was focused south of the main population centers where the main disruptions eventually occurred. A layer of very dry air was present up to 800 hPa, but saturation deficits were low due to the cold air. Radar data a few hours before the event provided some of the only tangible evidence that significant snow may occur. However, forecasters did not anticipate the havoc that would ensue from the relatively light snow accumulations.

In this paper, we examine the event, including the synoptic setup, vertical profiles of temperature and moisture, soil temperatures, numerical models, and radar data. On the early morning of 28 January, when school superintendents and business owners had to make decisions on whether to open, no warnings nor advisories were in effect for the majority of the Birmingham area, and the media indicated there would be no travel problems in Birmingham.
Climatology of Long-Track Tornadoes
Authors: Straka Jerry , Kanak Katherine
Published: July 2022

A 40-year climatology (1979–2018) is presented for long-track tornadoes in the United States using the Storm Prediction Center tornado database.  Path length (PL) stratification thresholds are defined using characteristics of supercell storm evolution, and are categorized as:  all (ALL), PL >0 mi or 0 km; short (S), PL <30 mi or 48.3 km; long (L), [30, 60) mi or [48.3, 96.6) km; very long (V), [60, 90) mi or [96.6, 144.8) km; extremely long (X), PL ≥90 mi or 144.8 km; and long-track sum (LVX), PL ≥30 mi or 48.3 km.  Results show LVX tornadoes: a) made up <1% of all tornadoes; b) occurred east of the Rocky Mountains; c) were generally wider; d) caused disproportionate numbers of deaths and injuries; e) typically had damage ratings ≥F/EF2 (peak F/EF3); f) occurred more often with more deaths and injuries in the Southeast than in the Midwest or Great Plains; g) had larger area scale and Destruction Potential Index; h) occurred mostly in April and May versus May and June for S tornadoes; i) occurred primarily from midafternoon to early evening; j) had a peak formation hour at 1600 local solar time (also true for ALL S, V and X), though L tornadoes had a peak and secondary peak at 1800 and 1500, respectively; k) were less common during nighttime than S tornadoes; l) were more frequent during nighttime in the Southeast than nighttime in the Midwest or Great Plains; and m) occurred more often with tornado outbreaks.
Documentation of a Rare Tornadic Left-Moving Supercell
Authors: Bunkers Matthew J. , Stoppkotte John W.
Published: July 2022

An F1 anticyclonic tornado (i.e., clockwise rotation in the Northern Hemisphere) was produced by an intense left-moving/anticyclonic supercell near Rushville, Nebraska, on 20 June 2006. This is only the fifth formally documented left-moving supercell that produced an anticyclonic tornado. The left-moving supercell exhibited an impressive hook echo, mesoanticyclone, and bounded weak-echo region at the time of tornado occurrence—rivaling those of its right-moving counterparts. Since tornadic left-moving supercells are extremely rare, and thus potentially difficult to recognize, this paper serves to document the radar characteristics and environmental conditions of this event.
Small Sample Size and Data Quality Issues Illustrated Using Tornado Occurrence Data
Authors: Doswell III Charles A.
Published: July 2022

A major challenge in weather research is associated with the size of the data sample from which evidence can be presented in support of some hypothesis. This issue arises often in severe storm research, since severe storms are rare events, at least in any one place. Although large numbers of severe storm events (such as tornado occurrences) have been recorded, some attempts to reduce the impact of data quality problems within the record of tornado occurrences also can reduce the sample size to the point where it is too small to provide convincing evidence for certain types of conclusions. On the other hand, by carefully considering what sort of hypothesis to evaluate, it is possible to find strong enough signals in the data to test conclusions relatively rigorously. Examples from tornado occurrence data are used to illustrate the challenge posed by the interaction between sample size and data quality, and how it can be overcome by being careful to avoid asking more of the data than what they legitimately can provide. A discussion of what is needed to improve data quality is offered.
Visual Observation of the 6 June 2005 Descending Reflectivity Core
Authors: Kennedy Aaron D. , Rasmussen Erik N. , Straka Jerry M.
Published: July 2022

A visual observation of a descending reflectivity core (DRC) is presented in tandem with radar data from the Frederick, OK WSR-88D for a supercell storm that occurred on 6 June 2005. The DRC appeared as a dense column of precipitation to the right of the main core, west-southwest of the wall cloud. Through the use of stereo photogrammetric techniques, it is shown that these rain elements corresponded with a local maximum of reflectivity within the supercell echo appendage.
Case Study of a Long-lived Tornadic Mesocyclone in a Low-CAPE Complex-terrain Environment
Authors: Geerts Bart , Andretta Thomas , Luberda S. J. , Vogt J. , Wang Y. , Oolman L. D. , Bikos Daniel , Finch Jonathan
Published: July 2022

On 22 May 2008 a long-lived mesocyclone spawned an EF2 tornado over terrain as high as 2650 m MSL in southeastern Wyoming.  The mesocyclone was part of an elongated, complex storm system that grew rather early in the day near a slow-moving warm front.  The mesocyclone is unusual in that it persisted and became tornadic in rather cold (~7°C), saturated surface conditions in an environment with CAPE < 1000 J kg-1 and no surface-based convective inhibition.  The mesocyclone intensified as its parent storm moved over terrain gradually ascending by ~1000 m, reaching a radar-estimated low-level horizontal shear as high as 84 m s-1 km-1.  This fast-moving mesocyclone could be tracked by the nearest Doppler radar for over 90 min.

This paper examines the characteristics and the environment of this mesocyclone using both operational weather data and high-resolution numerical simulations. Near-surface radar observations and model output suggest that the formation and maintenance of the mesocyclone in this low-CAPE environment benefited from two terrain-related factors. One is the observed channeling of the low-level flow, locally enhancing the storm-relative helicity.  The second is the presence, suggested by high-resolution simulations, of banners of high potential vorticity generated by the strong southerly flow shearing around the Colorado Front Range.
How to Research and Write Effective Case Studies in Meteorology
Authors: Schultz David M.
Published: July 2022

Case studies are a staple of meteorological work, yet few meteorologists do it well. This article presents 16 principles that can help authors improve their case studies, at both the research and writing stages. These principles involve study design, organization and approaches to the research, writing the manuscript, and figure design. Other topics covered include citations and reference lists, terminology, and formatting.
Tornadoes Impacting Interstates: Service and Societal Considerations
Authors: Blair Scott F. , Lund Elizabeth P. K.
Published: July 2022

Motorists traveling on Interstate highways are likely to have an increased vulnerability to weather hazards due to their unfamiliarity with nearby towns, limited methods to receive short-term weather information, and a general deficiency of a suitable shelter. To assess the threat, a database of 678 tornadoes, crossing primary and auxiliary Interstates across portions of the central and southeastern contiguous United States, was compiled for the period of 1990 to 2008. Approximately 17% of Interstate-crossing tornadoes impacted vehicles. Factors such as time of the day, EF-Scale rating, and travel density were examined to assess potential association with the probability of a tornado impact. This paper discusses current warning and preparedness activities in the operational meteorological community and state transportation departments, and recommends future actions and new technology to mitigate the loss of life and property from tornadoes that cross Interstate highways.
Precipitation Properties of Supercell Hook Echoes
Authors: Kumjian Matthew R.
Published: July 2022

Recent studies have suggested that thermodynamic properties of supercell rear-flank downdrafts (RFDs) can affect whether or not tornadogenesis occurs.  The thermodynamic characteristics of RFDs are determined in part by microphysical processes such as evaporation of raindrops and melting of hailstones. Whereas in situ measurements of hook-echo particle size distributions (PSDs) are exceedingly rare, polarimetric radars can be used to determine the bulk characteristics of these PSDs remotely.  A preliminary analysis of polarimetric radar data from a small sample of supercell hook echoes reveals unusual drop size distributions compared to typical rainfall in Oklahoma, as well as spatially inhomogeneous structures.  The inner edge of the hook echo is often characterized by low or moderate reflectivity factor at horizontal polarization (ZH), with very high differential reflectivity factor (ZDR), indicating a sparse population of very large drops.  The southern and/or western (back) portion of the hook is characterized by moderate to high ZH and rather low ZDR, indicating a surplus of small drops and/or a lack of larger drops.  Hypotheses explaining the unusual drop size distributions are presented.  Additionally, the time evolution of these characteristics is explored using data collected with a special rapid scanning strategy.