bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Birth Order Determining the Perception of Parenting Style among Female Adolescents in Relation to their Family Type
Authors: Firoz Ghausia , Alim Farzana
Published: November 2023

The study of parenting style and practices initially focused on their influence on young children, but eventually revealed their long-term implications on an individual's lifetime, particularly during the crucial and transitional period of adolescence. The process of parenting is unique to each individual and varies for each child within a family. This variation may be influenced by birth order, since parents tend to behave different to each child. This is because each person's individuality plays a role in the interpersonal interactions they develop. The objective of this study is to examine the influence of birth order (first, middle, and last) on adolescent girls’ perception of their parents’ style of parenting, in both joint and nuclear family environments, in a comparative manner. The experiment encompasses a cohort of 100 female adolescent students, typically ranging in age from 16 to 19 years, who have exactly two siblings. The data collection instrument utilized was the Parenting Style Scale developed by Madhu Gupta and Dimple Mehtani (2017). Additionally, a self-designed questionnaire was used to gather demographic information from the participants, including age, birth order, family type, and other relevant factors. The findings indicated that eldest daughters perceived their parents as employing a democratic/authoritative parenting style, while middle-born daughters perceived their parents as employing an autocratic/authoritarian approach. On the other hand, youngest daughters perceived their parents as adopting a permissive parenting style. No significant disparity was observed in the perception of parenting styles among female adolescents from nuclear and joint family backgrounds simultaneously.
Waqf Houses in Zamoskvorechye (Southern Part of Central Moscow)
Authors: Khayretdinov D. Z.
Published: November 2023

The article deals with the waqf houses of the 19th — beginning of 20th century in the Tatar Sloboda (settlement) of Moscow, located in the Zamoskvorechye district (a southern part of Moscow Downtown), — real estate bequeathed by the owners in favor of the Muslim community. Most of the information about these objects is stored in various archives of Russia and is not known to researchers. Archival documents cited in the article, previously unpublished, are being thoroughly introduced into scientific circulation for the fi rst time.
PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM MENGURANGI RISIKO BANJIR DI KELURAHAN PONDOK PINANG KECAMATAN KEBAYORAN LAMA KOTA JAKARTA SELATAN
Authors: Hilmy Reza Nabil , Aly Sya'ban Mohammad Balya
Published: November 2023

Abstract: Floods that occur in the capital city of Jakarta generally occur because of the large number of settlements that stand along the riverbanks. The width of the river is getting narrower and river sedimentation is occurring. On the other hand, the lack of green open land and lack of public awareness in preserving the environment is one of the causes of flooding in the capital, Jakarta. This research aims to determine the level of community participation in reducing the risk of flooding in Pondok Pinang Village, Kebayoran Lama District, South Jakarta City. The research method used is a descriptive research method with a quantitative approach. Based on the calculation results, the percentage obtained is 94% that community participation can reduce the risk of flooding in Pondok Pinang Village, Kebayoran Lama District, South Jakarta City. The results of this research show that the people of Pondok Pinang Village, Kebayoran Lama District have a very important role in reducing flood risk. Forms of community participation include waste management, cleaning drainage channels, making biopores in each yard of the house, as well as actively participating in education related to flood risk management.Keywords: Participation; Public; Flood; Environment; River.Abstrak: Banjir yang terjadi di Ibukota Jakarta umumnya terjadi karena banyaknya permukiman yang berdiri di sepanjang bantaran sungai. Lebar sungai yang semakin menyempit serta sedimentasi sungai. Di sisi lain, kurangnya lahan terbuka hijau dan kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat dalam menjaga kelestarian lingkungan menjadi salah satu penyebab terjadinya banjir di Ibukota Jakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam mengurangi risiko banjir di Kelurahan Pondok Pinang, Kecamatan Kebayoran Lama, Kota Jakarta Selatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan, persentase yang diperoleh adalah sebesar 94% partisipasi masyarakat dapat mengurangi risiko banjir di Kelurahan Pondok Pinang, Kecamatan Kebayoran Lama, Kota Jakarta Selatan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa masyarakat Kelurahan Pondok Pinang Kecamatan Kebayoran Lama memiliki peran yang sangat penting terhadap pengurangan risiko banjir. Bentuk partisipasi masyarakat yang dilakukan di antaranya pengaturan sampah, perbersihan saluran drainase, pembuatan biopori di tiap halaman rumah, serta ikut aktif mengikut penyuluhan yang berkaitan dengan penanganan risiko banjir.Kata Kunci: Partisipasi; Masyarakat; Banjir; Lingkungan; Sungai.
ANALISIS LAGRANGIAN NULL NONSTANDAR DAN FUNGSI GAUGE UNTUK HUKUM INERSIA NEWTON : SEBUAH REVIEW
Authors: Ambot Amelia A.P , Lalus Herry F. , Yudhawardana Hartoyo
Published: November 2023

This paper describes a review of a journal entitled 'Nonstandard Null Lagrangians and Gauge Functions for Newtonian Law of Inertia' which discusses Nonstandard Lagrangian Null solutions for Newton's Law of Inertia. The purpose of this study is to present in detail the Lagrangian Formalism method for generating Nonstandard Lagrangian Null and its Gauge function for Newton's Law of Inertia, as well as the role of action invariant in generating Lagrangian Null and Exact Gauge functions, by deriving a one-dimensional oscillator arm using the basic Lagrangian equations. The Nonstandard Null Lagrangian is derived from the Nonstandard Lagrangian, then the two Lagrangian Null are entered into the action invariant to make it Exact, after the Nonstandard Lagrangian Null is declared Exact, it is substituted into  which represents Newton's Law of Inertia. The results of this research show that an Exact Nonstandard Lagrangian Null can be generated by making the Gauge Function Invariant, so that the first Nonstandard Lagrangian Null and Gauge Function for Newton's Law of Inertia are obtained.
CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYAPATITE FROM CHANNA STRIATA AND SCOMBEROMORUS COMMERSON FISH BONE BY HEAT TREATMENT
Authors: Anggraini Rista Mutia , Restianingsih Tika , Deswardani Frastica , Fendriani Yoza , Ananda Putri Purba Roedearni
Published: November 2023

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) biomaterials have been successfully obtained from Channa striata and Scomberomorus commerso fish bone. Heat treatment was chosen as the method to get it. Heat treatment was done at 400oC, 600oC, and 800oC. The X-ray diffractometer (XRD) was used to determine the crystalline phase and crystallography properties. Based on XRD data and JCPDS 09-0432, all samples showed the phase of HAp. However, the β-TCP phase has been found in samples from Scomberomorus commerso, which calcined at 600oC and 800oC. The crystallite size of HAp from Channa striata fish bone increased as followed by higher temperature, and Scomberomorus commerso has the same crystallite size on samples that calcined at 600oC and 800oC. The microstrain of both samples has the same trend: the higher the temperature, the lower the microstrain. The temperature also affected the crystallinity sample; the higher the calcined temperature, the improved crystallinity. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) data determined the functional groups of samples. The functional groups that appeared were OH-, PO43-, and CO32-. The mass of samples before calcined differs from after calcined, where the mass after calcined is smaller than before. The higher the temperature we used, the more decreased yield percentage we got.
Representação da informação e tecnologias digitais em tempos de desinformação
Authors: Sales Odete Mayra Mesquita
Published: November 2023

A desinformação, embora sempre estivesse presente na sociedade, considerada, inicialmente, em forma de boatos, está diretamente associada com as fake News e, pouco a pouco vai adquirindo outra forma, sendo divulgada, particularmente, em redes sociais, inclusive na mídia jornalística e em publicações científicas. Tal conceito, ganhou maior proporção a partir de 2016 com a eleição do presidente dos Estados Unidos Donald Trump, tendo sua visibilidade também na campanha eleitoral brasileira em 2019. Com o surgimento da pandemia de COVID 19, a desinformação e sua representa- ção social parecem ter ganho status de melhor e maior informação em todos os setores e vira moeda de troca, na batalha por quem produz e divulga mais, assim como quem faz mais checagem para desmentir e mostrar a verdade, fato que cresceu exponencialmente no mundo. Observando essa perspectiva é que o Grupo de Pesquisa sobre Representação da Informação (GPRI/UFC), criado em 2002, cadastrado no CNPq e certificado pela Universidade Federal do Ceará, organizou essa coletânea com produções científicas dos seus membros e pesquisadores. Enfeixam esta obra uma compilação de 7 capítulos que contemplam os aspectos sobre a representação da informação, a desinformação e as tecnologias digitais no contexto da construção de tesauros e do Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem, sem esquecer o enfoque na Inteligência Artificial.
Infants and toddlers with sensitization to peanut are often co-sensitized to tree nuts
Authors: Meixner Lara , Heller Stephanie , Bluhme Friederike , Trendelenburg Valérie , BEYER Kirsten , Kalb Birgit
Published: November 2023

Background Due to changes in dietary habits tree nuts (TN) are
consumed in many households and TN allergy appears to be increasing. One
risk factor seems to be allergies to other food such as peanuts. The aim
of our study was to investigate, how often peanut-sensitized infants and
toddlers are co-sensitized to cashew, hazelnut and walnut and to
determine the likelihood of its clinical relevance by their 2S
albumin-specific (s)IgE. Methods Sera of 101 peanut-sensitized
children, 5 to 24 months of age (median 16 months) were analyzed
regarding sIgE to hazelnut, walnut and cashew and to their 2S-albumins
Cor a 14, Jug r 1 and Ana o 3 as well as to Ara h 1 and 2, by using the
NOVEOS immunoanalyzer system. Results 96%
of the peanut-sensitized children were co-sensitized to at least one TN
with 94.1% to hazelnut, 87.1% to walnut and 84.2% to cashew. More
than half (58.4%) of the children were sensitized to at least one 2S
albumin with similar rates for infants and toddlers, 26.7% to all
three. Moreover, sensitization rates were similar in peanut allergic and
tolerant children. Estimating the likelihood of clinical relevance,
15.8% of all peanut-sensitized children had an at least 90%
probability to be hazelnut and/or cashew allergic. Conclusion
TN sensitization seems to be common among peanut-sensitized infants and
toddlers. Many had a high likelihood to be TN allergic. Therefore, it
should be considered to determine TN-sIgE in peanut-sensitized children
if TN are not consumed so far.
Memory impairment and neurocognitive deficits reduce the health-related quality of life in medulloblastoma survivors
Authors: Mandeville Henry , Stone Joanna , Waern Susanna , Saran Frank , Khabra Komel , Zacharoulis Stergios , Wharram Beverley , Vaidya Sucheta , Stapleton Simon , Powell Karen , Lynley Marshall , Chandler Christopher , Carceller Fernando , Yock Torunn
Published: November 2023

Background Survivors of childhood medulloblastoma are particularly
susceptible to late effects because of the location of the tumour and
the treatment required to achieve a cure. Living with these long-term
toxicities is challenging and greater understanding of the impact of the
disease and treatment have on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is
needed. Procedure We report a cross-sectional study to assess patient
HRQoL outcomes for 52 long-term survivors of medulloblastoma aged 1–25
years of age at diagnosis and treated during a ten-year period at The
Royal Marsden Hospital. Child self-reports and parent – proxy reports
of PedsQL scores correlate with clinical information, long-term toxicity
(assessed using CTCAE) and neurocognitive assessment (using WISC-IV) to
examine the impact that disease and treatment have on HRQoL after
treatment. Results Reported late toxicities included ataxia (62%),
hearing impairment (59%), endocrine disorders (57%) and memory
impairment (44%). Reduced HRQoL outcome scores for patients showed a
significant correlation with reduced verbal comprehension (0.51;
p=0.025), and processing speed (0.5; p=0.04). Memory impairment showed
significant association with the cancer module PedsQL (p=0.024) scores.
Parents’ perception of their child’s quality of life was lower than the
patient’s self-assessment (mean 55.9 for parents and 63.8 for patients,
p=0.004). Conclusions The findings from this study confirm the impact of
late toxicities and neurocognitive sequelae on HRQoL in patients
previously treated for medulloblastoma in childhood and adolescence. In
particular verbal comprehension, processing speed and memory impairment
influence patient reported outcomes in this cohort.
Seamless mode switching control strategy for SOP interconnected microgrids with EVs cluster
Authors: Wang Jie , Huang Wentao , Tai Nengling , Li Canbing , Wang Mengyuan , Wang Liangxiu
Published: November 2023

In interconnected microgrids, the control method for Soft Open Point
(SOP) dynamically switches from PQ to Uf control after fault incidents
to preserve system stability. However, this mode switching induces
frequency and voltage fluctuations, jeopardizing the operational
stability of distributed generations (DGs). This paper presents a
seamless mode switching control strategy specifically tailored for
SOP-based interconnected microgrids incorporating Electric Vehicle (EV)
clusters. We investigate the fluctuations and transient impacts
associated with emergency control switching and propose a decentralized
Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) control strategy for energy storage
systems. This strategy factors in the State of Charge (SOC) of batteries
to mitigate imbalances between source and load during switching delays.
Additionally, we introduce a seamless switching method encompassing
collaborative phase angle compensation, control mode transition, and
pre-synchronization techniques to minimize transient disturbances.
Validation through PSCAD/EMTDC simulations and RT-LAB experiments shows
effective suppression of fluctuations and transient impacts, thus
enabling seamless mode switching in interconnected microgrids.
How does a newly-formed drainage divide migrate after a river capture event? Insights from numerical simulations and two natural cases (Yarlung-Yigong, and Dadu-Anning) in the Tibetan Plateau region
Authors: Bian Shuang , Tan Xibin , Zhou Chao , Shi Feng , Liu Yiduo
Published: November 2023

Tectonic and/or climatic perturbations can drive drainage adjustment.
The capture events, significantly changing the river network topology,
are the major events in river network evolution. While they could be
identified through field observations and provenance analysis,
reconstructing this evolution process and pinpointing the capture time
remain challenging. Following a capture event, the steady-state
elevation of the captor river will be much lower than that of the
beheaded river. Then, the newly-formed drainage divide will migrate
towards the beheaded river, a process also known as river-channel
reversal. The migration of the newly-formed drainage divide provides a
new perspective for identifying the reorganization of the river network.
Here, we employ numerical modeling to reproduce the characteristic
phenomena of drainage-divide migration following capture events and
analyze the effects of different parameters on the migration rate. We
find that (1) the migration of newly-formed drainage divides can last
for tens of millions of years, with the migration rate decreasing
exponentially over time; (2) larger captured area, higher uplift rate,
and lower erosional coefficient, all of which cause a higher
cross-divide difference in steady-state elevation, will cause higher
migration rate of the newly-formed drainage divide. This insight was
further applied to the Dadu-Anning and Yarlung-Yigong capture events. We
predict the present Dadu-Anning drainage divide would further migrate
~65–92 km southward to reach a steady state in tens of
millions of years. The Yarlung-Yigong capture event occurred in the
early-middle Cenozoic, which implies that the late-Cenozoic increased
exhumation rate is not related to the capture event.
Preparation and characterization of carbon nanotube films and fibers for determining the thermal conductivity at different temperatures
Authors: Brown Christopher , Chen Junjie
Published: November 2023

Novel chemical, electrical, and mechanical properties absent in other
materials have been discovered in carbon nanotubes. Pristine carbon
nanotubes are inert to most chemicals and need to be grafted with
surface functional groups to increase their chemical reactivity and add
new properties. The increasing popularity of carbon nanotubes has
created a demand for greater scientific understanding of the
characteristics of thermal transport in nanostructured materials.
However, the effects of impurities, misalignments, and structure factors
on the thermal conductivity of carbon nanotube films and fibers are
still poorly understood. Carbon nanotube films and fibers were produced,
and the parallel thermal conductance technique was employed to determine
the thermal conductivity. The effects of carbon nanotube structure,
purity, and alignment on the thermal conductivity of carbon films and
fibers were investigated to understand the characteristics of thermal
transport in the nanostructured material. The importance of bulk density
and cross-sectional area was determined experimentally. The results
indicated that single-walled carbon nanotube films and fibers generally
have high thermal conductivity. The presence of non-carbonaceous
impurities degrades the thermal performance due to the low degree of
bundle contact. The prepared carbon nanotube films and fibers are very
efficient at conducting heat. The structure, purity, and alignment of
carbon nanotubes play a fundamentally important role in determining the
heat conduction properties of carbon films and fibers. The thermal
conductivity may present power law dependence with temperature. The
specific thermal conductivity decreases with increasing bulk density.
The specific thermal conductivity of carbon nanotube fibers is
significantly higher than that of carbon nanotube films due to the
increased degree of bundle alignment. At room temperature, a maximum
specific thermal conductivity is obtained but Umklapp scattering occurs.

Keywords: Thermal properties; Preparation; Carbon films; Carbon
fibers; Characterization; Thermal conductivity
Wave-Induced Motion and Drag Reduction of Kelp
Authors: Meng Jayde Fanjieh , Chamecki Marcelo
Published: November 2023

It is well known that the motion of flexible vegetation leads to drag
reduction in comparison to rigid vegetation. In this study, we use a
numerical model to investigate how the detailed motion of kelp fronds in
response to forcing by surface gravity waves can impact the drag exerted
by the kelp on waves. We find that this motion can be characterized in
terms of three dimensionless numbers: (1) the ratio of hydrodynamic drag
to buoyancy, (2) the ratio of blade length to wave excursion, and (3)
the Keulegan-Carpenter number, which measures the ratio of drag to
inertial forces. We quantify drag reduction, and find that inertial
forces can significantly impact the amplitude of kelp motion and amount
of kelp drag reduction. Under certain wave conditions, inertial forces
can cause kelp fronds to accelerate more quickly relative to the wave,
which can lead to increased drag reduction and reduced wave energy
dissipation. In some conditions, frond motion leads to drag augmentation
in comparison to rigid fronds. Additionally, we discuss other features
of kelp motion, such as the degree of asymmetry, and their relationship
with enhanced drag reduction.
The effect of increased water vapor from the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai eruption on the Antarctic ozone hole
Authors: Wohltmann Ingo , Santee Michelle L. , Manney Gloria L , Millan Luis
Published: November 2023

The eruption of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano on 15 January 2022
was one of the most explosive eruptions of the last decades. The
unprecedented amount of water vapor injected into the stratosphere
increased the stratospheric water vapor burden by about 10%. Using
model runs from the ATLAS chemistry and transport model and Microwave
Limb Sounder (MLS) satellite observations, we show that while 20-40%
more water vapor than usual was entrained into the Antarctic polar
vortex as it formed (e.g., typical values of 4.6 ppm at 21.5 km
increased to 6.7 ppm), the direct effect of the increased water vapor on
Antarctic ozone depletion was minor. This is caused by the very low
temperatures in the vortex, which limit water vapor to the saturation
pressure and tend to reset any anomalies in water vapor by dehydration
before they can have an effect on ozone loss.
Envisioning U.S. Climate Predictions and Projections to Meet New Challenges
Authors: Mariotti Annarita , Bader David Craig , Bauer Susanne E. , Danabasoglu Gokhan , Dunne John P. Patrick , Gross Brian , Leung L. Ruby , Pawson Steven , Putman William M , Ramaswamy V , Schmidt Gavin A. , Tallapragada Vijay
Published: November 2023

In the face of a changing climate, the understanding, predictions and
projections of natural and human systems are increasingly crucial to
prepare and cope with extremes and cascading hazards, determine
unexpected feedbacks and potential tipping points, inform long-term
adaptation strategies, and guide mitigation approaches. Increasingly
complex socio-economic systems require enhanced predictive information
to support advanced practices. Such new predictive challenges drive the
need to fully capitalize on ambitious scientific and technological
opportunities. These include the unrealized potential for very
high-resolution modeling of global-to-local Earth system processes
across timescales, a reduction of model biases, enhanced integration of
human systems and the Earth Systems, better quantification of
predictability and uncertainties; expedited science-to-service pathways
and co-production of actionable information with stakeholders. Enabling
technological opportunities include exascale computing, advanced data
storage, novel observations and powerful data analytics, including
artificial intelligence and machine learning. Looking to generate
community discussions on how to accelerate progress on U.S. climate
predictions and projections, representatives of Federally-funded U.S.
modeling groups outline here perspectives on a six-pillar national
approach grounded in climate science that builds on the strengths of the
U.S. modeling community and agency goals. This calls for an
unprecedented level of coordination to capitalize on transformative
opportunities, augmenting and complementing current modeling center
capabilities and plans to support agency missions. Tangible outcomes
include projections with horizontal spatial resolutions finer than 10
km, representing extremes and associated risks in greater detail,
reduced model errors, better predictability estimates, and more
customized projections to support the next generation of climate
services.
Projecting Global Mercury Emissions and Deposition Under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways
Authors: Geyman Benjamin M. , Streets David G , Thackray Colin P , Olson Christine , Schaefer Kevin M. , Sunderland Elsie M.
Published: November 2023

Mercury (Hg) is a naturally occurring element that has been greatly
enriched in the environment by activities like mining and fossil fuel
combustion. Despite commonalities in some CO2 and Hg emission sources,
the implications of long-range climate scenarios for anthropogenic Hg
emissions have yet to be explored. Here, we present comprehensive
projections of anthropogenic Hg emissions (2020-2300) and evaluate
impacts on global atmospheric Hg deposition. Projections are based on
four shared socioeconomic pathway (SSP) narratives ranging from
sustainable reductions in resource and energy intensity to rapid
economic growth driven by abundant fossil fuel exploitation. There is a
greater than two-fold difference in cumulative anthropogenic Hg
emissions between the lower-bound (110 Gg) and upper-bound (230 Gg)
scenarios. Hg releases to land and water are approximately six times
those of direct emissions to air (600-1470 Gg). At their peak,
anthropogenic Hg emissions reach 2200-2600 Mg a-1 sometime between 2010
(baseline) and 2030, depending on the SSP scenario. Coal combustion is
the largest determinant of differences in Hg emissions among scenarios.
Decoupling of Hg and CO2 emissions sources occurs under low- to
mid-range scenarios, though contributions from artisanal and small-scale
gold mining remain uncertain. A projected future shift in speciation of
Hg emissions toward lower gaseous elemental Hg (Hg0) and higher divalent
Hg (HgII) will result in a higher fraction of locally-sourced Hg
deposition. Projected re-emissions of previously deposited anthropogenic
Hg follow a similar temporal trajectory to primary emissions, amplifying
benefits of primary Hg emissions reductions under the most stringent
mitigation scenarios.
Scale- and Variable-Dependent Localization for 3DEnVar Data Assimilation in the Rapid Refresh Forecast System
Authors: Yokota Sho , Carley Jacob , Lei Ting , Liu Shun , Kleist Daryl T. , Wang Yongming , Wang Xuguang
Published: November 2023

This study demonstrates the advantages of scale- and variable-dependent
localization (SDL and VDL) on three-dimensional ensemble variational
data assimilation of the hourly-updated high-resolution regional
forecast system, the Rapid Refresh Forecast System (RRFS). SDL and VDL
apply different localization radii for each spatial scale and variable,
respectively, by extended control vectors. Single-observation
assimilation tests and cycling experiments with RRFS indicated that SDL
can enlarge the localization radius without increasing the sampling
error caused by the small ensemble size and decreased associated
imbalance of the analysis field, which was effective at decreasing the
bias of temperature and humidity forecasts. Moreover, simultaneous
assimilation of conventional and radar reflectivity data with VDL, where
a smaller localization radius was applied only for hydrometeors and
vertical wind, improved precipitation forecasts without introducing
noisy analysis increments. Statistical verification showed that these
impacts contributed to forecast error reduction, especially for
low-level temperature and heavy precipitation.
Cuerpos sin alma. Cuerpos sin Dios
Authors: Bedoya Leguizamón Héctor de León
Published: November 2023

Sin duda el fenómeno multidireccional de la educación afecta al cuerpo en un sinnúmero de planos, momentos y lugares. Pero la educación religiosa es quizá el influjo más poderoso al que los humanos se han visto expuestos desde tiempos inmemoriales y a partir de la niñez, lo que ha transformado su conciencia, sus convicciones y modos de convivencia hasta límites insospechados. Y aun cuando esta área de estudio pueda resultar muy extraña en la educación física, habida cuenta de la extendida noción deportivizada y escolarizada que se tiene de ella, así como la percepción reduccionista hay del cuerpo, el presente ensayo busca defender su legitimidad académico-científica acercándose a los cuerpos catequizados. Para ello, se exploran varios interrogantes: ¿qué tanto ha penetrado el cristianismo en la corporalidad cuando de evangelizar el ser, su libertad, entorno, cosmovisión y sentido de la vida se ha tratado? ¿Hasta qué punto el sistema ético judeocristiano ha permeado, moldeado y conducido el cuerpo (en el sentido más amplio y excelso de la palabra)? ¿Qué papel jugaron el cristianismo y la Iglesia católica en la historia de la esclavitud? ¿Qué tanto peso han tenido sus versículos y preceptos en la dimensión sexual de sus fieles? ¿Cómo han repercutido sus relatos de almas, dioses, santos, cielos e infiernos, tomados por inobjetables e intocables, en la descorporeización? ¿Cómo y por qué se gestaron? ¿Qué motivos se ocultan detrás de todos ellos? Y, por supuesto, ¿qué razones han tenido los incrédulos para no considerar los dogmas de las Iglesias en la formación de sus identidades y en la de sus proyectos sin temor a condenarse? ¿Qué noción de cuerpo (vida, muerte, felicidad…) tienen? ¿Cuál es su ética?
Children’s Culture and Citizenship in Argentina: A History of Billiken Magazine (1919–2019)
Authors: Rea Lauren
Published: November 2023

Argentina’s Billiken was the world’s longest-running children’s magazine, publishing 5144 issues over one hundred years. It educated and entertained generations of schoolchildren and came to occupy a central role in Argentine cultural life. This volume offers the first academic history of the whole lifespan of Billiken as a print magazine, through to its transition into a digital brand. As an editorial project founded at the time of the massification of print culture, Billiken was in the business of creating future citizens. From its transnational and literary beginnings, Billiken quickly became organised around the school year, offering valuable extra-curricular material aligned to the patriotic drivers of state schooling. Billiken told the story of the Argentine nation, cyclically and repeatedly, gaining such momentum that it became part of the nation’s story itself. This volume adopts a multi-disciplinary approach to take account of the many different facets of Billiken’s content born from a combination of ideological, commercial, political and cultural drivers. This history of Billiken examines the changes, contradictions and continuities in the magazine over time as it responded to political events, adapted to new commercial realities, and made use of technological advances. It explores how Billiken magazine not only reflected society, but shaped it through its influence on childhoods, children’s culture and education, and provides an alternative window onto the history and politics of a tumultuous hundred years for Argentina.
„Liberale Eugenik“ mit John Rawls?
Authors: Odzuck Eva
Published: November 2023

Durch die Entdeckung und das vertiefte Verständnis der sogenannten „Genscheren“ CRISPR/Cas9 rücken Eingriffe in das Genom zukünftiger Menschen in greifbare Nähe und erfordern mit neuer Dringlichkeit die Beantwortung einer fundamentalen politiktheoretischen Frage: Können Eingriffe in die genetische Ausstattung zukünftiger Menschen im Namen der Gerechtigkeit erlaubt oder gar geboten sein? Rawls’sche Theorieelemente haben in der Debatte um Keimbahneingriffe – trotz Rawls’ vergleichsweise spärlicher eigener Bemerkungen zu eugenischen Fragen – erstaunliche Prominenz entfaltet. Unter Rekurs auf die Rawls’sche Theorie der Grundgüter wird in der Debatte argumentiert, dass Eingriffe im Namen der Chancengleichheit geboten sind und/oder keine Einschränkung der Freiheiten zukünftiger Personen vorliegt, sofern nur sogenannte „genetische Grundgüter“ nicht minimiert oder vermehrt werden. Ich argumentiere für die These, dass diese Argumente einer „liberalen Eugenik“ auf einer verkürzten Rezeption der Rawls’schen Grundgütertheorie basieren. Rawls selbst sah sich nach seiner Veröffentlichung der Theorie der Gerechtigkeit dazu veranlasst, Missverständnisse in Bezug auf seine Grundgütertheorie auszuräumen, und konzedierte, dass seine Darstellung in der Theorie möglicherweise missverständlich gewesen sei. Eine Rekonstruktion der komplexen Theorie der Grundgüter, wie sie in der Theorie angelegt ist, und später von Rawls weiterentwickelt wurde, kann daher die brandaktuelle Debatte um Keimbahneingriffe informieren, indem sie erstens zeigt, dass die gängigen Argumente für Eingriffe sich nicht in der üblichen Form auf Rawls’ Grundgütertheorie stützen können und zweitens Möglichkeiten aufzeigt, mit Rawls ein Argument gegen eine weitgehende Freigabe von Keimbahneingriffen zu formulieren, das die Begründungspflicht wieder zulasten interventionistischer Positionen verschiebt. Meinem Aufsatz liegt folgende Struktur zugrunde: Zuerst rekonstruiere ich zwei Hauptargumente „liberaler Eugenik“ und zeige, dass und wie beide Argumente auf die Rawls’sche Idee der Grundgüter zurückgreifen und breite Verwendung in der bioethischen Debatte gefunden haben (1). In einem zweiten Schritt skizziere ich eine komplexere Version von Rawls’ Grundgütertheorie, die bereits in der Theorie der Gerechtigkeit angelegt ist, aber auch für spätere Schriften wichtig bleibt (2). Danach zeige ich, dass sich die Argumente der „liberalen Eugenik“ nicht auf diese komplexere Version der Theorie der Grundgüter stützen können und dass sich mithilfe der komplexen Theorie der Grundgüter sogar ein Argument gegen eine umfassende Freigabe von Keimbahneingriffen formulieren lässt, das die Begründungspflicht für interventionistische Positionen vergrößert (3). Ich schließe mit einem kurzen Fazit zur Relevanz von Rawls’ Theorie im biotechnischen Zeitalter (4).
„Dann sei dankbar und höre auf mit der Prahlerei“
Authors: Vogt Peter
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung: In Abschnitt (1) dieses Aufsatzes diskutiere ich Rawls’ theologische Kritik des Verdienstes in seiner frühen Schrift Über Sünde, Glaube und Religion. Im Gegensatz zur Theorie der Gerechtigkeit kritisiert der frühe Rawls eine Berufung auf das eigene Verdienst nicht als kognitiven Irrtum oder moralische Willkür, sondern sieht darin den sündhaften Ausdruck menschlichen Stolzes. Diese Kritik des Stolzes beruht auf einem schöpfungstheologischen Argument und mündet in ein Plädoyer für religiöse Demut. Abschnitt (2) zeigt, dass Rawls’ Diskussion von Verteilungsgrundsätzen in den übergreifenden Versuch einer gerechtigkeitstheoretischen Zähmung des Zufalls eingebettet ist. Rawls entwickelt in der Theorie der Gerechtigkeit eine bestimmte Typologie des Zufalls und diskutiert, wie die vier von ihm diskutierten Lesarten des zweiten Grundsatzes der Gerechtigkeit auf den Zufall reagieren. Die gerechtigkeitstheoretische Zähmung des Zufalls distanziert sich sowohl von der Dystopie einer völligen Eliminierung des Zufalls als auch von einer fatalistischen Affirmation des Zufalls. In Abschnitt (3) erläutere ich zunächst die unterschiedlichen Begriffe des Verdienstes, welche Rawls in der Theorie der Gerechtigkeit vorstellt. Ich versuche Rawls’ Kritik des Verdienstes zu klären, indem ich diese gegen ein Missverständnis in Schutz nehme, welches Samuel Schefflers und Thomas Scanlons Interpretationen kennzeichnet. Schließlich beschäftige ich mich mit Robert Nozicks Suche nach dem „positive argument“ von Rawls’ Kritik des Verdienstes, komme dabei jedoch zu einem ganz anderen Ergebnis als Nozick. Meiner Meinung findet sich das „positive argument“, nach dem Nozick vergeblich sucht, nicht in der Theorie der Gerechtigkeit, sondern verdankt sich dem kreatürlichen Egalitarismus von Rawls’ theologischer Frühschrift.
Cochlear implantation for severe mixed hearing loss caused by Treacher Collins syndrome: Case report
Authors: Ostojic-Zeljkovic Sanja , Nikolic Mina , Djokovic Sanja
Published: November 2023

Introduction. Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) is a rare genetic condition characterized by typical head and neck malformations occurring in 1:50,000 newborns. Permanent conductive or mixed hearing loss of various degrees is diagnosed in 50% of individuals with TCS. A prerequisite for speech and language development in children with permanent mixed hearing impairment is the application of one of the bone conduction hearing aids. Choosing an adequate hearing aid in this case depends primarily on the degree of hearing impairment and the type of ear malformation. Case report. We present a female patient with multiple genetic malformations due to TCS. The patient was, immediately after birth, referred for audiological evaluation because of considerable ear and face malformations. Using a hearing test battery, permanent mixed, predominantly conductive, bilateral hearing loss of severe degree was diagnosed. The use of bone conduction hearing aids (including the Vibrant? Soundbridge middle ear implant) in the patient did not give the expected results ? sufficient amplification for adequate speech and language development. Only after cochlear implantation at the age of nine did the patient?s hearing threshold stabilize and her communication and academic potential develop to full capacity. Conclusion. If a middle ear implant is not sufficient for adequate amplification, cochlear implantation should be considered as an appropriate solution for treating severe permanent mixed hearing impairment in patients with TCS.
Genetic analysis of obesity-induced diabetic nephropathy in BTBR mice
Authors: P. Keller Mark , O’Connor Chris , Bitzer Markus , L. Schueler Kathryn , S. Stapleton Donald , H. Emfinger Christopher , Teo Broman Aimee , B. Hodgin Jeffrey , D. Attie Alan
Published: November 2023

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease in the United States and has a significant impact on human suffering. Leptin-deficient BTBR mice (BTBRob/ob) develop hallmark features of obesity-induced diabetic nephropathy, whereas leptin-deficient C57BL/6J (B6ob/ob) mice do not. To identify genetic loci that underlie this strain difference, we constructed an F2 intercross between BTBRob/ob and B6ob/ob mice. We isolated kidneys from 460 F2 mice and histologically scored them for percent mesangial matrix and glomerular volume (~50 glomeruli per mouse), yielding ~45,000 distinct measures in total. The same histological measurements were made in kidneys from B6 and BTBR mice, either lean or obese (Lepob/ob) at 4 and 10 weeks of age, allowing us to assess the contribution of strain, age, and obesity on glomerular pathology. All F2 mice were genotyped for ~5,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), ~2,000 of which were polymorphic between B6 and BTBR, enabling us to identify a quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 7, with a peak at ~30 Mbp, for percent mesangial matrix, glomerular volume, and mesangial volume. The podocyte-specific gene, Nephrin (Nphs1) is physically located at the QTL and contains high-impact SNPs in BTBR, including several missense variants within the extracellular Ig-like domains.

Article Highlights

· Diabetes is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease.

· We previously discovered that the BTBR mouse strain carrying the ob mutation at the Leptin gene is an excellent model of human diabetic nephropathy and has been widely adopted by basic scientists and the pharmaceutical industry.

· Genetic factors play a role in the susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy.

· We carried out a linkage study in a sample of mice generated from an intercross between the BTBR and C57BL/6J strains, carrying the ob mutation.

· We identified a single locus and provided evidence that the leading candidate gene at this locus is Nephrin.
Role of glycosuria in SGLT2 inhibitor-induced cardio-renal protection: a mechanistic analysis of the CREDENCE trial.
Authors: Ferrannini Ele , Solini Anna , Baldi Simona , Scozzaro Tiziana , Polidori David , Natali Andrea , K. Hansen Michael
Published: November 2023

Abstract SGLT2 inhibitors have been shown to provide pronounced reductions in cardio-renal outcomes, including cardiovascular death, heart failure, and renal failure. The mechanisms underlying these benefits remain uncertain. We hypothesized that the effects could be attributed to the elevated glycosuria induced by these drugs. Urine concentrations of glucose, creatinine, and ketones were measured at baseline and after 1-year treatment with either placebo or canagliflozin 100mg/day in ~2600 individuals from the CREDENCE trial (enrolling patients with type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and albuminuria). Associations between glycosuria and the primary composite endpoint from CREDENCE and secondary outcomes were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models. Canagliflozin treatment increased fractional urinary glucose excretion from 3±9% at baseline to 30±26% at year 1 (vs 5±19% with placebo, p<0.001). Subjects on canagliflozin and in the top quartile of urine glucose/creatinine ratio at year 1 were significantly protected for the primary endpoint (HR=0.42 [95% C.I.:0.30–0.61]); similar results were seen for hospitalized heart failure (HR=0.45 [0.27–0.73]) and all-cause death (HR=0.56 [0.39–0.80]). These associations persisted on adjustments for multiple conventional risk factors. In patients with T2D and CKD treated with canagliflozin, individuals with the highest amount of glycosuria showed the strongest protection against multiple cardio-renal outcomes. Article Highlights § In cardiovascular outcome trials, SGLT2 inhibitors have been shown to provide marked protection against both cardiovascular morbidity and progression of kidney disease. The mechanisms underlying these effects remain imperfectly understood. § By using urine samples from patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease treated with canagliflozin, we asked the question of the relationship of glycosuria – the readout of SGLT2 engagement – with cardio-renal outcomes. § Individuals with the highest amount of glycosuria showed the strongest protection against multiple cardio-renal outcomes. § Glycosuria is mechanistically linked with several effects underlying cardio-renal benefit.
Efficacy and Selectivity of Different Herbicides on the Transplanted Late Boro Rice under the Lateritic Soil of West Bengal
Authors: Gupta Rahul Kumar , Ghosh Pritam , Aparna Mahanti , Bharti Ruchi , Pramanik Kalipada
Published: November 2023

A field experiment was conducted during the late boro seasons (January–May) of 2018 and 2019 to assess the impact of herbicides on rice growth, yield and weed control in transplanted rice in the Agricultural Farm of Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India. There were eight different treatments consisting of pretilachlor 50 EC @ 500 g ha-1 at 3 DAT, pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10 WP @ 30 g ha-1 at 3 DAT, ethoxysulfuron 15 WDG @ 15 g ha-1 at 10 DAT, penoxsulam 21.7 SC @ 22.5 g ha-1 at 12 DAT, bispyribac-sodium 10 SC @ 25 g ha-1 at 15 DAT, hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAT, weed-free check and weedy check. Results from the pooled analysis of both the years revealed that pyrazosulfuron ethyl 30 g ha-1 and pretilachlor at 500 g ha-1 resulted in lower weed population and dry weight; higher plant height, number of tillers m-2, dry matter accumulation, leaf area index; grain and straw yield (5.98 and 7.81 t ha-1 and 5.81 and 7.62 t ha-1 respectively).  The lowest weed index was registered by pyrazosulfuron ethyl 30 g ha-1 and pretilachlor at 500 g ha-1 and was superior to all other herbicidal treatments. Yield loss due to weeds infestation throughout the crop season was to the extent of 54.33%. Thus, pyrazosulfuron ethyl 30 g ha-1 and pretilachlor at 500 g ha-1 as pre-emergence may be recommended for effective weed control in transplanted late boro rice.
What is Happening to Schools and Teachers in New Zealand?
Authors: Smyth John
Published: November 2023

Judged by recent media coverage, schools and teachers in New Zealand are copping a fair lashing.
POLITICAL REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN IN PARLIAMENT: A LITERATURE REVIEW AND FUTURE RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Saputri Rini Archda , Sukmajati Mada , Dwi Asriani Desintha
Published: November 2023

Over the past twenty-five years, gender and politics scholars have engaged in extensive theoretical and empirical discussions about women’s political representation. This article provides a comprehensive literature review of these studies. This study is divided into three themes: descriptive representation of women, substantive representation of women, and the correlation between descriptive and substantive representation of women. The literature review method is carried out by exploring and compiling studies on women’s political representation from various countries, classifying them based on specific topics, and mapping out what has been explored in these studies. The results of the study show that most of the research on women’s political representation is in the realm of women’s descriptive representation, which generally discusses the factors that affect the level of women’s political representation, obstacles and challenges in women’s political representation and the strategies used by women candidates in electoral politics. Meantime, studies on women’s substantive representation still need to be explored, especially in the context of countries in Asia, especially Indonesia. Then, studies on the relationship between descriptive and substantive representations of women show two debate patterns. Some experts believe a positive correlation exists between increasing the number of women’s representation and its substantive effect. Some others find no correlation between the descriptive and substantive representations of women.
BEYOND DISBANDMENT OF ISLAMIST ORGANIZATION: EXAMINING THE ADAPTIVE RESISTANCE OF HIZBUT TAHRIR INDONESIA (HTI)
Authors: Herdiansah Ari Ganjar , Wahidin Danis , Saputra Anugrah
Published: November 2023

The disbandment of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI) in 2017 marked a significant shift in the dynamics of Islamist movements within Indonesia’s political landscape. Although officially banned, the HTI continued to operate in the shadows, employing various camouflage methods. This article analyzes how political dynamics led HTI to its outlawed status and how it adapted in pursuit of its goals amidst the challenges faced. By adopting a political opportunity structure and Islamist ideology as the theoretical framework with the case study as the method, this study scrutinizes HTI’s post-disbandment endeavors at the national level and delves deeper into cases in West Java, Yogyakarta, and East Java. The primary findings of this study reveal that the disbandment of HTI reflected the peak of incongruence between the anti-system ideology they embraced and Indonesia’s political structure. HTI’s ideological drive to exploit electoral events in 2016-2017 eventually put them at a threshold that the ruling authority perceives as a severe threat. HTI struggled to maintain its movement, mixing overt and covert operations, and facing significant pressures and constraints. Its strength is rooted in an Islamist ideology that integrates political and religious beliefs, supported by a disciplined structure. This resilience, seen as adaptive resistance, leverages tactical ingenuity and militancy in response to external pressures and the socio-cultural context in which they operate. Nevertheless, the disbandment has rendered it nearly impossible for HTI to reestablish its expansion in Indonesia’s political arena.