bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modifikasi pati kentang secara pregelatinasi dengan perbandingan pati dan air (1: 1,25)
Authors: Hartesi Barmi , Andriani Lili , Anggresani Lia , Whinata Mahadma Bhima , Haflin Haflin
Published: January 2021

Latar Belakang : Kentang (Sollanum tuberosum L.) merupakan suatu tumbuhan yang menghasilkan pati. Bahan  yang banyak digunakan di industri makanan dan farmasi  salah satunya adalah  pati, yang digunakan sebagai bahan pengisi (filler), pengahcur (desintegran) dan pengikat (binder) dalam  pembuatan tablet, pil dan kapsul. Pati sebagai bahan tambahan sangat luas pemakaiannya karena bersifat inert dan dapat dicampur dengan hampir semua obat tanpa menimbulkan reaksi kimia.  Namun pati alami yang digunakan masih banyak kekurangan terutama sifat alir yang jelek. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan  karakterisitik dari pati kentang pregelatinasi yang baik.

Metode : Penelitian ini dilakukan  dengan metode experimental di lbaoratorium dengan membuat 9 formula pati pregelatinasi dengan perbandingan pati dan air (1:1,25) serta variasi suhu (45,50 dan 55oC) dan rpm (200,250 dan 300)

Hasil : Pati alami yang didaptkan dilakukan standariasi agar mendapatkan kualitas pati yang baik sesuai persyaratan, kemudian  evaluasi pati pregelatinasi dibandingkan dengan avicel dan starch RX.  Hasil standariasi pati alami kentang didapatkan hasil yang baik terkecuali pada cemaran logam berat timbal (Pb) yaitu 2,0mg/kg sedangkan syaratnya yaitu 1,0 mg/kg. Pada pati pregelatinasi mendapatkan  hasil karakteristik yang baik setiap formulanya. Pati alami yang awalnya tidak mengalir setelah dibuat pregelatinasi semua formula dapat mengalir dan memperbaiki sudut istirhat serta nilai kompresibilitasnya.

Kesimpulan : pati pregelatinasi didapatkan  hasil yang baik pada semua formula dan dengan meningkatanya suhu dan rpm akan memperbaiki karaktersistiknya. F9 adalah formula yang terbaik dengan menggunakan suhu 55oC dan 300 rpm.

Kata kunci : Kentang, pregelatinasi, suhu dan rpm.
Metode filtrasi dan adsorpsi dengan variasi lama kontak dalam pengolahan limbah cair batik
Authors: Kurniawati Eti , Sanuddin Mukhlis
Published: January 2021

Latar Belakang : Kegiatan membatik akan  menghasilkan limbah cair dengan skala volume yang besar maupun kecil,  keasaman pH, COD, TSS yang tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil uji awal laboratorium kadar COD 9456 mg/L, TSS 3740 mg/L, dan pH 4,83 hasil tersebut masih diatas standar baku mutu sehingga perlu dilakukan pengolahan agar tidak menimbulkan dampak terhadap kesehatan dan lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui penurunan kadar COD, TSS, pH pada limbah cair industri batik sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan pengolahan menggunakan metode filtrasi dan adsorpsi dengan beberapa beda waktu kontak antara 10,20,30,40,50,60 dan 120 menit.

Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Pre-Eksperimental dengan rancangan One Group Pretest-postest. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat dan bivariat.

Hasil : Air limbah sebelum pengolahan mengandung kadar COD sebesar 19294,39 mg/L, kadar TSS sebesar 1440 mg/L, kadar pH sebesar 4,71. Sesudah pengolahan dengan metode filtrasi dan adsorpsi menggunakan media pasir, kerikil, arang aktif, dan zeolit di setiap waktu kontak mampu menurunkan kadar COD air limbah berkisar 72,8% - 98,41%, TSS air limbah berkisar 17,36% - 86,94%, penetralan pH berkisar 4,0% - 63,0%. 

Kesimpulan : Ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara waktu kontak terhadap penurunan kadar COD, TSS, pH air limbah. Semakin lama waktu kontak air limbah dengan media maka semakin baik proses penurunan kadar COD, TSS, penetralan pH tersebut, dimana waktu kontak yang efektif dalam menurunkan kadar COD, TSS, penetralan pH yaitu pada waktu kontak 120 menit.
Penerapan protokol kesehatan era New Normal dan risiko Covid-19 pada mahasiswa
Authors: Fitri Bella Mutia , Widyastutik Otik , Arfan Iskandar
Published: January 2021

Latar Belakang : Penerapan protokol kesehatan penting dilakukan di era new normal saat ini. Mahasiswa merupakan kelompok usia muda yang berpotensi menularkan virus korona bahkan tanpa menunjukkan gejala sekalipun. Jumlah positif COVID-19 di Indonesia pada era new normal per tanggal 07 Desember 2020 adalah 581.550 kasus. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi penerapan protokol kesehatan dan risiko COVID-19 pada mahasiswa Program Studi Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Muhammadiyah Pontianak.Metode : Metode penelitian adalah analisis deskriptif dengan metode penelitian kuantitatif serta metode pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian adalah mahasiswa aktif Program Studi Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Muhammadiyah Pontianak angkatan tahun 2016 sampai tahun 2019 sebanyak 571 mahasiswa. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan adalah sebanyak 230 responden dengan teknik pengambilan accidental sampling.Hasil : Hasil penelitian terdapat 176 mahasiswa (76,5%) telah menerapkan protokol kesehatan dan sebanyak 24 (10.4%) mahasiswa tidak berisiko tertular COVID-19.Kesimpulan : Simpulan penelitian adalah sebagian besar mahasiswa telah menerapkan protokol kesehatan dan tidak berisiko tertular COVID-19.
Gambaran kecemasan pada ibu postpartum sectio caesarea di RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul Yogyakarta
Authors: Susanti Dwi , Yati Dwi
Published: January 2021

Latar Belakang: Sectio Caesarea (SC) merupakan sebuah proses persalinan dengan metode pembedahan untuk mengeluarkan bayi dengan irisan yang dilakukan di perut ibu atau dengan laparotomy. Persalinan SC dapat memberikan dampak berupa nyeri, rasa takut dan cemas. Kecemasan yang terjadi pada ibu post SC dapat mengakibatkan banyak masalah salah satunya adalah produksi ASI tidak lancar dan proses menyusui terganggu. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat kecemasan pada ibu postpartum sectio caesarea di RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul Yogyakarta.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Bulan Agustus-Oktober 2020 di Ruang Nifas RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul. Sampel dalam penelitian adalah ibu postportum sectio ceesarea sebanyak 30 responden, diambil dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Alat pengumpulan data adalah kuesioner. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan distribusi frekuensi.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sebagian besar responden berpendidikan menengah sebanyak (60.0%), alasan melahirkan secara sectio caesarea karena masalah yang terjadi pada ibu sebanyak (50.0%), tidak memiliki riwayat sectio caesarea sebanyak (76.75). Sedangkan untuk gambaran tingkat kecemasan responden sebagian besar dalam kategori ringan sebanyak (63.3%) dan kecemasan sedang sebanyak (36.7%).

Kesimpulan: Ibu postpartum sectio caesarea di RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul mengalami kecemasan dalam ketegori ringan.

 

Kata kunci: Ibu, Postpartum, Sectio Caesarea, Cemas
In vitro Callus Induction and Regeneration of Popular Indica Rice Genotypes
Authors: N Aananthi.
Published: January 2021

Five rice cultivars viz., ASD 16, White Ponni, Pusa Basmati 1, Pusa Sugandh 4 and Pusa Sugandh 5 belonging to subspecies indica were compared for its ability in callus formation and regeneration. In this experiment, the different parameters viz., the effect of hormones (2,4-D and kinetin), organic supplement (coconut milk O1-CM 100 mll-1, O2-CM 75 mll-1, O3-CM 50 mll-1), explants (seed and immature embryo), media (MS and N6), carbon source (sucrose and maltose) using five genotypes on callus response was studied. The effect of hardening methods was also assessed. Results showed that for enhanced callus induction was with MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mgl-1 2, 4-D + 0.5 mgl-1 kinetin + 30 gl-1 maltose irrespective of explants used. Addition of 100 ml l-1 coconut milk was found have improvement in callus response. The performance of immature embryo was better than seed for callus induction, emrbyogenic callus formation, rhizogenic callus formation and regeneration. MS media provided superiority over N6. Among the genotypes Pusa Basmati 1 rendered outstanding performance in callus behavior. The treatment combination MS + 2.5 mgl-1 BAP + 0.5 mgl-1 NAA + 1.0 mgl-1 KN gave the highest organogenesis response and regeneration of plantlets. Hardening in mist chamber was recognized as the best method to give the highest per cent of regenerated plant lets.
Perancangan Prosedur Berbasis Manajemen Risiko pada Sistem Manajemen Mutu ISO 9001:2015 di PT XYZ
Authors: Rahman Arif , Perdana Surya
Published: January 2021

Standards that generally must be owned by companies in order to achieve a good management system are ISO 9001 international standards, these standards govern the company's quality management system. PT XYZ is a printing company, this company has obtained the ISO 9001 certification version in 2008. However, there are the latest developments where in September 2015, ISO issued the latest revised standard so that the ISO 9001: 2008 standard is no longer valid. Therefore, PT XYZ is obliged to migrate or change its standards following the latest revised standard requirements, namely ISO 9001:2015 no later than 2018. The method of risk management analysis is carried out by entering identified risks into the risk management form. Furthermore, the risk of failure and its effect is determined by two factors, namely: the magnitude of the impact if a failure occurs, the second is the probability and frequency of failure. After the classification is carried out, the weighting calculation is performed for all identified risks (risk assessment). Identified risks and their weights are entered into the risk register according to priority, where the risk with the highest weight is placed in the top position. Based on the results of high-risk research (H), namely the production process inspection process and the final inspection QC process. For medium risks, there are 3, namely the process of making COAs, the Incoming Material Inspection process, and the process of handling complaints.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif dan Kritis Siswa Menggunakan Metode Discovery Learning di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Aisyiah Septiana , Taufina Taufina , Montessori Maria
Published: January 2021

Tujuan dari penlitian ini adalah untuk mningkatkan ketrampilan berpikir kratif and kritis siswa dalam pemblajran IPS dnganmengunakan mthode Discovery Learning di kelas IV sekolah dasar. Jenis penlitian ini adalah Penlitian Tindakan Kelas dnganmengunakan pendekatan kualitatif and kuantitatif. Subjek penlitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV sebanyak 30 orang yng terdiri dari 13 pria and 17 wanita. Penlitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus dnganprosedur penlitian yng terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, and refleksi. Hasil penlitian menunjukkan peningkatan dalam hal a) RPP Siklus I adalah 76,79 %% and Siklus II 96%, b) Implementasi pada aspek guru pada siklus pertama adalah 80% and siklus kedua adalah 95% seandgkan implementasi pada aspek siswa pada siklus I adalah 75% and siklus II 95%, c) Ketrampilan berpikir kratif and kritis siswa pada siklus I adalah 75,89% and siklus kedua adalah 75,89%. Penlitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa dnganmengunakan mthode Discovery Learning, ketrampilan berpikir kratif and kritis siswa kelas IV hingga 44 KLB Kota Padang meningkat
Penerapan Strategi Preview, Question, Read Reflect, Recide, Review (P4QR) Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Refariza Elva , F Farida , Fitria Yanti
Published: January 2021

Proses pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan harus mampu memotivasi siswa untuk lebih meningkatkan potensinya. Potensi keberhasilan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran dilihat dari hasil belajar siswa tersebut. Permasalahan yang berkaitan dengan hasil belajar siswa berawal dari kurangnya kemampuan guru dalam memotivasi siswa. Salah satu hal yang dapat dilakukan guru dalam memotivasi siswa yaitu dengan menerapkan strategi pembelajaran. Strategi pembelajaran yang digunakan salah satunya adalah Preview, Question, Read Reflect, Recide, Review (P4QR). strategi ini merupakan sebuah metode pembelajaran yang mengingatkan siswa untuk membaca sebagai upaya memberikan pemahaman , menggali informasi, membentuk pola pikir yang ditumbuhkan oleh siswa sendiri. Sehingga, siswa mendapatkan pengalaman sendiri dalam membentuk pola pikirnya dan mampu memotivasi dirinya dalam proses pembelajaran. Dengan motivasi yang tinggi , hasil belajar siswa dapat tercapai sesuai dengan tujuan pembelajaran yang dicapai.
Analisis Praktik Refleksi Guru Dalam Konteks Program Pendidikan Inklusif : Studi Kasus Empat Guru Kelas Inklusif Di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Watulingas Keren Hapkh , Cendana Wiputra
Published: January 2021

Praktik refleksi telah menjadi salah satu prinsip utama dalam menjalankan pendidikan inklusif yang sukses. Dengan praktik refleksi, guru dapat memeriksa sikap mereka dan membedakan praktik penilaian, pengajaran, dan pengelolaan kelas mereka, untuk mengakomodasi kebutuhan setiap siswa dan memberikan semua siswa akses dan kemajuan dalam kurikulum pendidikan umum. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi praktik refleksi yang dilakukan oleh guru dalam rangka memenuhi peranannya dalam pendidikan inklusif dan mengetahui faktor penghalang bagi guru dalam melaksanakan praktik refleksi.  Penelitian ini melibatkan empat guru kelas inklusif di sebuah sekolah dasar di Jakarta. Metodologi penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus digunakan untuk menggambarkan praktik refleksi pada setiap guru dalam konteks pendidikan inklusif. Prosedur pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan jurnal refleksi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa setiap responden telah mulai melakukan praktik refleksi dalam pembelajarannya dengan mencerminkan sikap guru reflektif yaitu berpikiran terbuka, sepenuh hati, dan bertanggungjawab. Hasilnya, guru mampu mengidentifikasi, mengakomodasi, and memotivasi siswa dengan kebutuhan khusus.Kata kunci: praktik refleksi, pendidikan inklusif, peran guru
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Tematik Terpadu Menggunakan Strategi Think Pair and Share (TPS) dalam Penurunan Agretifitas Siswa Di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Vandriani Kukuh , Firman Firman
Published: January 2021

Jenis penelitian ini adalah pengembangan. Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model 4-D, terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu define, design, develop dan disseminate. Data penelitian diperoleh dari uji validitas, praktikalitas dan efektivitas. Data uji validitas diperoleh melalui lembar validasi RPP dan bahan ajar. Data kepraktisan diperoleh dari hasil analisis angket respon siswa dan guru, observasi penggunaan bahan ajar. Data keefektifan dilihat dari hasil belajar siswa. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan bahan ajar dalam pembelajaran yang dikembangkan telah memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis dan efektif dengan RPP yang telah dikembangkan menggambarkan kesesuaian seluruh komponen dan kegiatan serta konsep yang telah terkandung di dalamnya rata-rata nilai validasi RPP 92,97% dengan kategori sangat valid, validasi bahan ajar oleh validator ahli dan validator praktisi diperoleh persentase 90,36% kategori sangat praktis. dan nilai siswai di SDN II Tanjung Barulak sangat efektif karna hasil nilai siswa secara pengetahuan siswa sebesar 92,00 % berada pada kategori sangat efektif, pada aspek sikap diperoleh nilai sebesar 88,30% berada pada kategori sangat efektif dan pada aspek keterampilan diperoleh nilai sebesar 94% berada pada kategori sangat efektif. penyebaran dilakukan di kelas III SDN 14 Tanjung Barulak dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 18 orang diperoleh nilai pengetahuan siswa sebesar 93,00% berada pada kategori sangat efektif, pada aspek sikap diperoleh nilai sebesar 96,00% berada pada kategori sangat efektif dan pada aspek keterampilan diperoleh nilai sebesar 94% berada pada kategori sangat efektif.
Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning ditinjau dari Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Sapoetra Bagoes Pradana , Hardini Agustina Tyas Asri
Published: January 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektifitas model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa pada pembelajaran matematika di kelas IV semester I. Penelitian ini, metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode Pre Experimental Design. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IV SDN barukan 2 dengan jumlah 20 siswa. Berdasarkan hasil analisis pre-test dan posttest menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa pada menjadi lebih baik dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning pada saat pembelajaran berlangsung dibandingkan dengan nilai pretest yang tidak disertai dengan pemberian treatment, didapatkan nilai rata-rata pretest sebesar 72,2 sedangkan pada posttest didapatkan nilai rata-rata sebesar 80,2 Dengan demikian telah terbukti bahwa model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning efektif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah siswa dan mata pelajaran matematik
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Picture and Picture Ditinjau dari Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Dewi Regita Kusuma , Wardani Krisma Widi
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kemampuan berpikir kritis kelas 5 SD Negeri 5 Kedungjati sebelum dan setelah menggunakan model pembelajaran Picture And Picture. Penelitian ini dilakukan tepat sebelum masa-masa work from home awal pandemic covid-19, sehingga penelitian ini terbatas pada Pre-Eksperimental dengan tipe One Group Pre-test-Post-test Design. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini yaitu dengan instrumen tes berupa soal uraian yang di berikan pada awal dan akhir pembelajaran. Analisis data dilakukan berdasarkan data kuantitatif yaitu dengan menghitung rata-rata nilai pre-test-post-test, melakukan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji one sample T-test untuk menguji apakah rata-rata nilai pre test dan post test berbeda secara signifikan dengan teknik one samples T-test dengan bantuan SPSS 23. Hasil penelitian: 1) kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa sebelum menggunakan model pembelajaran Picture And Picture nilai rata-rata sebesar 67,73. 2) kemampuan berpikir kritis pada siswa setelah menggunakan model pembelajaran Picture And Picture nilai rata-rata sebesar 85,73. 3) hasil analisis data one sample T-test menggunakan teknik one sample T-test diperoleh hasil t hitung 52,428> tabel 1,713 dan nilai signifikansi < 0,05 (0,000 < 0,05). Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh kemampuan berpikir kritis pada siswa kelas 5 SD Negeri 5 Kedungjati dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Picture and Picture.
Pengaruh Metode Pembelajaran Struktural Analitik Sitentik terhadap Kemampuan Menulis Permulaan di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Sari Yunita , Luvita Ratri Dyah , Cahyaningtyas Andarini Permata , Iasha Vina , Setiawan Bramianto
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran struktural analitik sintetik terhadap kemampuan menulis permulaan siswa kelas 1 SD Negeri Sembungharjo 02. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode Quasi Eksperimen dengan Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan 2 buah uji hipotesis yakni, uji t berpasangan, dan uji beda rata-rata kemampuan menulis permulaan. Dari analisis data diperoleh bahwa uji hipotesis kemampuan menulis permulaan berupa yang pertama uji t berpasangan pada kelas eksperimen diperoleh thitung -15,45 dan ttabel 2,0518 dengan kriteria thitung ≤ -ttabel maka Ho diterima. Sedangkan untuk kemampuan menulis permulaan di kelas kontrol diperoleh thitung -4,16 dan dan ttabel 2,0518 dengan kriteria thitung ≤ -ttabel maka Ho diterima. Uji t dua pihak berdasarkan perhitungan uji kesamaan dua rata-rata kemampuan menulis permulaan diperoleh thitung 3.065 dan ttabel 2.0211. dengan kriteria pengujian yang berlaku adalah Ho diterima jika -ttabel ≤ thitung ≤ ttabel karena perolehan nilai t hitung 3.065 berada pada area penolakan Ho yaitu -2.0211 ≤ 3.065 ≥ 2.0211 maka Ho ditolak yang dapat disimpulkan ada pengaruh metode struktural analitik sitentik terhadap kemampuan menulis permulaan.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Tematik Melalui Pendekatan Saintifik terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Banjar Rosalinda Puspitasari , Silaban Patri Janson , Sitepu Anton
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran tematik melalui pendekatan saintifik terhadap minat belajar siswa kelas V SD Negeri 173299 Paniaran tahun pembelajaran 2020/2021. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SD Negeri 173299 Paniaran tahun pembelajaran 2020/2021 berjumlah 267 siswa. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling dalam hal ini peneliti memilih kelas V yang berjumlah 45 siswa untuk dijadikan sebagai sampel dalam penelitian. Pada penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan metode kuantitatif jenis survey. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari hasil angket, dan studi dokumentasi. Untuk mengetahui hipotesis dalam penelitian ini yakni dengan menggunakan uji lineritas dan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan saintifik memiliki rata-rata 70,37 dengan kategori sangat tinggi dan minat belajar memiliki 67,6 dengan kategori sangat tinggi. Pendekatan saintifik terhadap minat belajar berpengaruh positif dan signifikan hal ini didukung dengan hasil pengujian hipotesis uji t dimana nilai thitung > ttabel yaitu 6,293 > 1,679 dan signifikan sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 lebih kecil dari taraf signifikan 5% maka Ho diterima yaitu ada pengaruh pendekatan saintifik yang positif serta signifikan antara pendekatan saintifik terhadap minat belajar siswa kelas V SD Negeri 173299 Paniaran Tahun Pembelajaran 2019/2020.
Pengaruh Iklim Kerja dan Kualitas Mengajar Guru terhadap Prestasi Belajar siswa
Authors: Tute Kristianus J , Suryani Lely , Aje Ariswan Usman
Published: January 2021

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bahwa tidak semua sekolah di Kecamatan Ende Utara memiliki Prestasi Belajar yang semuanya baik. Hal ini disebabkan Iklim Kerja dan Kualitas Mengajar Guru yang berbeda-beda..

Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survey dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, sampel diambil secara random dengan 107 guru dari populasi 160 dan siswa/i 107 dari populasi 350 siswa/i. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa intrumen dalam bentuk angket skala likert dan nilai siswa/i SMA/K semester 4 dan 5 tahun ajaran 2017/2018, Teknik analisis data Korelasi Pearson Product Moment dan Regresi Berganda. Variabel dalam penelitian ini yaitu variabel bebas X1 iklim organisasi dan Variabel bebas ke dua X2 Kualitas mengajar guru dan Variabel terikat adalah Prestasi belajar siswa di kecamatan Ende Utara.

Hasil analisis dalam penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Iklim Organisasi Sekolah(X1) berpengaruh secara positif sebesar 0.754 ( 75.4 % ) terhadap Prestasi Belajar (Y) dan kualitas mengajar guru (X2) juga berpengaruh secara signifikan sebesar 0.774 (77.4 %) terhadap Prestasi belajar Y. Secara bersama-sama Prestasi Belajar Siswa di sekolah di pengaruhi oleh Iklim Organisasi dan Kualitas Mengajar Guru Sebesar 0.702 ( 70.2 %) dan sisanya 29.8 % yang bukan menjadi fokus dalam penelitian ini.Saran (1)bagi para kepala sekolah, guru-guru dan siswa/i hendaknya menjalin hubungan yang baik antar individu sehingga tercipta iklim kerja yang harmonis,(2)meningkatkan kualitas mengajar guru melalui pendidikan dan pelatihan, kursus-kursus dan seminar,(3)Kepala sekolah memberikan kesempatan kepada guru-guru untuk melanjutkan pendidikan ke jenjang yang lebih tinggi.
Improving Teachers 'Abilities In Video Based Learning By Using Microsoft Powerpoint Application Through Workshop
Authors: Movitaria Mega Adyna , Shandra Yosi
Published: January 2021

This research was conducted based on the fact that the low ability of teachers in making learning media had an effect on school quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in the ability of teachers to make instructional videos based on the Microsoft PowerPoint application on Teacher Elementary school workshops. This research is a descriptive quantitative research with a population of 25 people. The data collection technique in this study uses a questionnaire method. The results showed that the workshop for making instructional media could improve the ability of teachers to create and use video learning media based on the Microsoft PowerPoint application. Researchers suggest that Microsoft PowerPoint can be used by teachers in making instructional videos.
Fundamentos de biodigestão anaeróbia: Conceitos e processos
Authors: Furtado Andréia Cristina , Botton Janine Padilha , Almeida Henrique Cesar , Rodas Denis Porfirio Viveros , Nieradka Itamar Pena
Published: January 2021

The correct destination and especially the reuse of waste generated by society is a matter of survival in the current scenario. An interesting fact is that a large part of these residues has organic origin and can be reused for energy generation. Therefore, processes that employ the conversion of these residues into renewable sources of energy, are increasingly necessary. In this sense, the present work aims to discuss the basic concepts and the main processes of obtaining energy by the biogas generated from the anaerobic decomposition of substrates of animal and/or vegetable origin. These processes are enhanced in countries such as Brazil, for example, where agribusiness has a prominent role in the economy, so that the supply of these substrates is not a problem and can be exploited for energy purposes. During the chapters, the main substrates used as biomass will be discussed; how the biogas production process takes place; whether there is automation in biodigestion systems; what is the use given to the stabilized material in the bioreactor; what are the processes of treatment and purification of the biogas generated and, within a more social theme, what is the importance of public policies, laws and state regulation throughout these processes.
Tecendo ideias sobre a linguagem escrita na educação infantil: Concepções, linguagens e práticas
Authors: Carvalho Andréa Pinheiro Tomaz de
Published: January 2021

To weave is intertwine wires until they become a product. This book was “woven” from the author’s research, but also from her experiences as a teacher, educator, school principal and professional trainer. The work brings us reflections and practices on access to Written Language in Early Childhood Education and other aspects that involve this process. Initially it talks about the conceptions of Childhood, teacher and Early Education that permeate their ideas. The book focuses on Written Language as one of the different languages of the child, but considers all the fields of experiences of “Base National Common Curricular (BNCC)”. And to intertwine the fundamentals that permeate Early Childhood Education, the work brings contributions about times and spaces, curriculum, planning, pedagogical records, inclusion and methodologies. Subsequently, the author brings us practical suggestions for work in Early Childhood Education ending with the pedagogy of projects, their possibilities and examples of some projects experienced as a teacher. In this book you will go through different aspects of this phase of the child’s school life, walking through the tangle that forms around this subject. The child has the right to access Written Language and knowledge at school, without, however, putting aside the right to be a child.
Redescobrindo a Colônia Pereira
Authors: Meduna Cliciane de Souza , Kashiwagi Helena Midori
Published: January 2021

This book that you have in hand was built from the master's research entitled "Environmental Education at school as a tool for the resignification of the identity of the place" concluded in the year 2019 in the Graduate Program in National Network for the Teaching of Environmental Sciences (PROFCIAMB), authored by Cliciane de Souza Meduna under the guidance of Prof. Dr. Helena Midori Kashiwagi. The research was carried out at the Escola Municipal do Campo Cipriano Librano Ramos, in Colônia Pereira, a rural area of the municipality of Paranaguá, Paraná coast. This memory game was created from photos recorded by students of basic education participating in the research. "Rediscovering the Pereira Colony" is composed of images that have meaning and are part of the historical context of the community. We understand that recognizing oneself within one's physical space goes beyond working on geography, sense of location, map interpretation, data collection and everything else that is involved in this process. It is to plant the seed that "it is possible to be "someone" in life even staying in the field" (original title of my Project to join PROFCIAMB), is to understand that many struggles are to come, that we will have many challenges to overcome, difficulties to be overcome, among them our location, but that it will not be an obstacle to continue studying and be who we want.
Análise de situação de saúde com a utilização dos Sistemas de Informação em Saúde
Authors: Conceição Hayla Nunes da , Câmara Joseneide Teixeira
Published: January 2021

The use of secondary data sources, produced by the Unified Health System, for the analysis of the health situation allows the improvement of information and contributes to the development of management, the exercise of social control and points out the need for changes in public policies . In this sense, this work contributed to the assessment of the behavior of the main health indicators, contributing to a more comprehensive and effective planning. This book is the result of the discipline of Epidemiology, of the Bachelor of Nursing course at the State University of Maranhão. Composed of sixteen chapters, this compendium aims to analyze the health situation based on data from Health Information Systems. The work offers readers academic texts focused on analyzing the profile of infectious diseases, originating from the Information System for Notifiable Diseases - SINAN, in addition to information on the SUS Hospital Information System - SIHSUS. This book is dedicated to all health professionals, students, researchers and managers and we hope that it can help them in making decisions for planning and implementing health actions and public policies.
Exportação de commodities minerais e crescimento econômico: uma análise da hipótese Export-Led Growth para o Brasil
Authors: Machado Leandro Navarrete , Carrara Aniela Fagundes
Published: January 2021

As razões do crescimento econômico, assim como a essencialidade do comércio internacional entre as regiões, são examinadas há muito tempo. Nesse sentido, é pertinente pensar no papel desempenhado pelas exportações brasileiras no que tange a aceleração do crescimento econômico do país. Com o objetivo de investigar tal relação, este trabalho analisou o impacto das exportações de commodities minerais no produto da economia, durante o período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2011, conhecido como boom das commodities, já que neste período o Brasil ampliou suas exportações de commodities e obteve um crescimento considerável para a época. Para tanto, foi testada a hipótese Export-Led Growth (ELG), que afirma que as exportações impulsionam o crescimento econômico, por meio da estimação de vetores autorregressivos com correção de erros (VECM). Os resultados alcançados apontaram que o crescimento econômico verificado no Brasil, no referido período, não se adequa à hipótese ELG; assim conclui-se que, para o período do boom das commodities, as exportações de minérios não foram capazes de promover um crescimento sustentado da economia brasileira.
“Neque declinet in partem dextram vel sinistram”: duality of power in 12th century English political thought
Authors: Gladkov Alexander
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to examination of the basic opposition “prince/tyrant” in the context of the doctrine concerning the monarch’s supreme power which was defined on the pages of the treatise “Policraticus” by outstanding English intellectual, diplomat and polemist John of Salisbury in 1159. The thinker’s arguments on nature, functions and purposes of power are analysed, virtues that God-fearing monarch has and tyrant vices are considered. Studying John of Salisbury’s concepts of the prince’s and tyrant’s power, the article affords approaches to understanding scholastic’s doctrine of political power as whole which unites Hellenistic and Roman and Christian (patristic and scholastic) traditions.
GermasPenyuluhanPerilakuHidupSehat dan Bersih (PHBS) kepadaLanjutUsia (LANSIA) Menghadapi Masa PandemiCovid 19 dan New Normal denganMetode 3M
Authors: M’jai Alfrida Brigitha , Sodik Muhammad Ali
Published: January 2021

Lansiamerupakansuatukelompokpenduduk yang cukuprentan dan terdampakdalammasalahkesehatandanpsikologis di era pandemi COVID 19 (new normal). Salah satuusahadaripemerintahdalammenjagalansiaagartidakterpaparwabahiniadalahdenganpromosikesehatan di PosyanduLansia. Tujuandarikegiatanadalahpenyuluhan PHBS dan GESMAS (Gerakan Masyarakat HidupSehat) yang merupakanbagiandaripromosikesehatandalambidangkesehatanlingkungandalammendukungpemutusanrantaipenyebaranCOVID 19 dan siapmenghadapi masa new normal. MetodeKegiatanPengadian Masyarakat bekerjasamadengankaderlansia,Mahasiswa S1 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat dan dosen Magister Ilmu Kesehatan IIK STRADA INDONESIA. Rangkaian acara yaitupemeriksaankesehatan, pembagianmasker, peragaancucitanganpakaisabun, pemberianmakanansehattambahan dan souvenir alatkebersihan,diskusi, observas dan evaluasi. Program PHBS dan GERMAS disosialisasikankepadalansiadenganmemasangposter di posyandulansiasehinggabisadilihatsetiapsaat. Kehadiranlansia di posyanduperluditingkatkandenganbantuankeluarga dan lingkungansertapromosikesehatandimasa yang menarik dan inovasi.
Dewi Ratna sari ( Resume Definision and explanation of the operating system structure )
Authors: Sari Dewi Ratna
Published: January 2021

Resume Definision and explanation of the operating system structure
Macam-macam Sistem Operasi Komputer
Authors: Pratama Muhammad Aldi
Published: January 2021

Sistem Operasi yang biasa disebut (Operating System) atauyang biasa disingkat OS, iyalah perangkat lunak (software)sistem yang berfungsi melakukan pengontrolan danmanajemen perangkat keras (hardware) serta operasioperasi dasar dari suatu sistem Komputer.
A literature review of English Language Variation on Sociolinguistics
Authors: M Nur Aeni , -- Muthmainnah , Octaberlina Like Raskova , Lubis Nenni Dwi Aprianti
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses the sense of Accent. This article offers a summary of the various recognizable shifts in the pronunciation of local dialects and the general variations in the standard English of different primary speaking populations. Accent is the component of the local pronunciation dialect. Grammar and vocabulary are otherwise mentioned. Secondary speakers of English prefer to use their mother tongue's intonation and phonetics in English speaking. The English primary speakers exhibit great regional diversity. Some of them are easily recognized by key features, such as Pennsylvania Dutch English; others are darker or more ambiguous. Broad regions may have sub-forms, as shown below. For example, cities less than 10 miles (16 km) away from Manchester city, such as Bolton, Rochedale, Oldham, and Salford have distinct accents that all together form part of the larger accents of the province of Lancashire. Australia has a "General accent" emphasis on the other side of the continuum, which is basically consistent in tens of miles. The accents of English can differ enough to give room for misunderstanding. In certain varieties of Scottish English, for example, the pronunciation of pearl can sound like petal to an American ear.
A combined Nutri-Score and ‘Eco-Score’ approach for more nutritious and more environmentally friendly food choices? Evidence from a Belgian consumer experiment.
Authors: De Bauw Michiel , Matthys Christophe , Poppe Veerle , Vranken Liesbet
Published: January 2021

The application of Nutri-Score on food products is ubiquitous throughout Europe and studies demonstrating its potential to stimulate healthier food choices are accumulating. At the same time, there remains a strong need to evenly harmonize and activate the communication of environmental impacts on food products, in synergy with the Nutri-Score. This brings up the question of whether the potential of Nutri-Score could be expanded to a similar ‘Eco-Score’ and equivalently encourage more environmentally friendly food choices. The present study investigated the effect of a combined NutriScore and Eco-Score on the nutritional quality and environmental impact of consumers’ food choices. This effect was compared to, on the one hand, dietary recommendations (both general and specific) and on the other hand, more detailed impact tables. Since visual distraction often plays a role in informative persuasion, the treatments were evaluated subject to different levels of distraction. A randomized control trial was conducted with a representative sample of 805 Belgian consumers in a mock-up E-grocery environment. Respondents were randomly allocated to treatments in which they were asked to hypothetically buy ingredients to prepare one meal. An average nutritional quality index (NQI) and environmental impact index (EII) of the selected baskets were calculated to evaluate outcomes. We find that a joint Nutri-Score and Eco-Score label improves the NQI but not the EII. The general- and specific recommendation as well as the detailed information also improved the NQI. However, the specific recommendation was the only treatment that also improved the EII. We find mild indications that the effectiveness of Nutri-Score is affected by the nearby presence of food product images. This study provided some first evidence and support for the use of dual Nutri-Score – Eco-Score label to induce transitions towards healthier and more sustainable diets. We also find that recommendations outside the classic Front-Of-Package label framework are also a promising way to realize such transition. However, the effect in real E-groceries and on longer terms remains to be explored.
Granich Gupta Williams HIV Funding 90 90 90 Nov 2020 PrePrint
Authors: Granich Reuben , Gupta Somya , Williams Brian G
Published: January 2021

Abstract HIV treatment prevents illness, death, and transmission. The 90-90-90 disease control target is only 73% of people living with HIV virally suppressed. For 2010 to 2019, we abstracted HIV funding data for 40 countries in sub-Saharan Africa (70% of global HIV burden and >99% of HIV burden in the region in 2018). During 2010-2019, there was ~$52 billion funding for 40 countries (99% Africa HIV burden). Domestic funding ranged from $0 to $3.2 billion. PEPFAR funding was $32 billion (average $1.4 billion; range $89-4.3 billion) for 22 countries. Global Fund f averaged $306 million ($1.9 million to $1.1 billion) for 40 countries. Among PLHIV, known HIV status averaged 80% (11% to 94%). ART coverage averaged 64% (9% to 90%). Viral suppression among PLHIV ranged from 8% to 87%. Of the 40 countries, 21 reported under 60% of PLHIV to be on treatment and 13 did not report viral suppression for 2018. Achieving 90-90-90 is feasible in challenging settings if resources are used efficiently. Despite the significant investment in the HIV response many countries have not reached the 90-90-90 target. Greater attention to efficiency and prioritizing important targets will be required to end AIDS in Africa.
Konsep Uji Validitas Dan Reliabilitas Dengan Menggunakan SPSS
Authors: Janna Nilda Miftahul , HERIANTO H.
Published: January 2021

SPSS merupakan salah satu program pengolahan data statistik yang populer di kalangan peneliti, dan sangat membantu untuk memecahkan berbagai persoalan penelitian kuantitatif. Dengan SPSS, kita dapat mengetahui nilai rata-rata, simpangan baku, skor terkecil, atau skor terbesar dari data yang kita miliki. Bahkan, kita dapat mengetahui frekuensi data kita, persentasenya, sampai menyajikan data kita ke dalam histogram atau diagram lingkaran. Dengan SPSS juga, kita dapat mencari validitas (kesahihan) dan reliabilitas (keandalan) instrumen penelitian kita, normalitas data,kuat atau besar hubungan antara dua variabel, mencari perbedaan rata-rata antara dua kelompok, ataupun melakukan analisis faktor. Secara rinci akan dijelaskan langkah-langkah penggunaan SPSS yang paling mendasar, seperti membuat variabel, menginput data kedalam SPSS, ataupun menghitung total skor.
PENCEGAHAN DINI TERHADAP PENYAKIT TIDAK MENULAR (PTM) MELALUI GERMAS
Authors: Bura Avelina , Sodik Muhammad Ali
Published: January 2021

PenyakitTidakMenular (PTM) merupakan salah satumasalahkesehatan yang telahmenjadiperhatiannasionalmaupun global. Morbiditas dan Mortalitas PTM semakinmeningkat di Indonesia. Data kematianmenurut World Health Organization (WHO)menunjukkanbahwadari 57 jutakematian di dunia pada tahun 2014, sebanyak 36 jutadisebabkan oleh PTM. Penyakitkardiovaskularmerupakan PTM penyebabkematianterbesaryaitusebesar 39%..Sebesar 70% daripopulasi global akanmeninggalakibatPTM sepertijantung, stroke, diabetes mellitus, Salahsatubentukupayapemerintahdalammenurunkanangkapenyakitmenularmaupuntidakmenularadalahmelaluiintruksipresiden no.01 tahun2017 tentang Gerakan Masyarakat HidupSehat (GERMAS). Masih rendahnyakesadaranmasayarakatterhadapgayahidupsehat, masihbanyakterdapatmasyarakat yangmemilikkifaktorresiko, masihkurangnyainformasiterkait GERMAS. Masih rendahnyadukungan dan motivasilintassektoralterhadappenggalakkan GERMAS. Kegiatanpengabdianinidapatmeningkatkankesadaranmasyarakatterhadapgayahidupsehat,meningkatkanpemahamanmasyarakatakanpentingnyauntukmengetahuifaktorresiko,meningkatkaninformasiterkait GERMAS, meningkatkandukungan dan motivasilintassektoralterhadappenggalakkan GERMAS pada masyarakat
Spurious empirical support for the p-factor arises with the inclusion of undiagnosed cases
Authors: Watts Ashley L. , Meyer Francisco Agustin Calvache , Greene Ashley Lauren , Wood Phillip K , Trull Timothy J , Steinley Douglas , Sher Kenneth J.
Published: January 2021

Background: The p-factor is thought to cause a positive manifold in psychopathology data, and many researchers presume that it is a substantive mechanism as opposed to a methodological artifact. Limited research suggests that including completely undiagnosed cases (i.e., cases without a single diagnosis) affects the dimensionality of psychological constructs, so we examined whether empirical support for the p-factor arises with their inclusion in structural models of psychopathology.Methods: We drew on data from three large, nationally representative samples of US community members, the: National Epidemiologic Study on Alcohol and Related Conditions Wave 1 (N=43,093), National Comorbidity Survey (N=5,877), and National Comorbidity Survey- Replication (N=5,692). We systematically culled undiagnosed cases from the data in increments of 10% and re-estimated structural models of psychopathology.Results: The correlation between latent externalizing and internalizing factors varied considerably as a function of the proportion of undiagnosed cases, with the correlation dropping to zero or even slightly negative when all undiagnosed cases were excluded. Also, as undiagnosed cases were removed, general factors of psychopathology explained less variance in psychopathology and weakened in terms of the extent to which it was well-represented by its indicators.Conclusions: Including undiagnosed cases in structural models of psychopathology induces a homogeneous, unidimensional structure. Ultimately, our findings raise questions about the nature of the p-factor, including whether it reflects a methodological artifact or arises due to the inclusion of cases with absence of diagnosed psychopathology.
Communication and COVID-19 Physical Distancing Behavior Among Dutch Youth
Authors: Rozendaal Esther , van Woudenberg Thabo Joshua , Crone Eveline , Green Kayla , van de Groep Suzanne , de Leeuw Rebecca , Sweijen Sophie , Buijzen Moniek
Published: January 2021

Although most young people do not become seriously ill from the coronavirus causing the COVID-19 disease, they do play a role in its spread. It is therefore important that they adhere to the recommended preventive behaviors, most importantly, physical distancing. This study aims to gain a better understanding of the psychosocial determinants of young people’s physical distancing behavior and the role that direct (i.e., interpersonal) and mediated communication (i.e., mass media, social media) about COVID-19 plays in this. A daily diary study was conducted among 481 Dutch adolescents (secondary school students; age range 10-18 years) and 404 young adults (university students; age range 17-25 years), involving 10 identical daily surveys administered on weekdays during a 2-week period during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (May 2020). The hypotheses were tested with preregistered univariate and multivariate linear mixed-effects models. The perceived descriptive norm (i.e., what friends are doing) was the most important determinant of physical distancing behavior among both adolescents and young adults. The perceived injunctive norm, perceived response efficacy, and perceived severity were also positively associated with physical distancing, albeit less strong. Among adolescents, exposure to information about COVID-19 in the mass media increased their perceptions of the descriptive norm, which in turn increased their physical distancing behavior. For those involved in studying and designing COVID-19-related behavioral interventions and campaigns targeting youth, it is important to consider the social norms that they relate to, and to take into account their perceived severity and response efficacy.
Selecting and sharing news in an “infodemic”: The influence of ideological, trust- and science-related beliefs on (fake) news usage in the COVID-19 crisis
Authors: Klebba Lea-Johanna , Winter Stephan
Published: January 2021

Societal crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic are characterized by a high degree of threat and uncertainty, and people are confronted with partly conflicting information in the media, including a substantial share of fake news. Given that individuals often base their news choice on pre-existing attitudes, the present study aims to identify ideological, trust-, and science-related beliefs that might influence citizens’ information selection and sharing in response to a threat. A representative survey of German Internet users (N = 1101) identified right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) and mistrust in politics as significant predictors of selection of fake news, while the influence of social dominance orientation (SDO), mistrust in politics, and perceived certainty of knowledge were significant for sharing news. The present findings extend previous knowledge on people's information behavior in response to a threat and provide insights into groups that are particularly susceptible to misinformation.
Medication use in Australian children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism
Authors: Mellahn Olivia , Knott Rachael , Tiego Jeggan , Kallady Kathryn , Williams Katrina , Bellgrove Mark , Johnson Beth P
Published: January 2021

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and/or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are commonly treated with psychotropic medications. There is however a paucity of research examining the prevalence of pharmacotherapy and polypharmacy (>2 medications) in these groups. Caregivers of 505 children (2-18 years) with ADHD (n=239), ASD (n=117) or ADHD-ASD (n=149) reported on current medication use and completed symptom rating scales. ADHD was associated with the highest rate of psychotropic medication use (90%), followed by ADHD-ASD (86%) and ASD (39%). Children with ADHD-ASD reported the highest rate of polypharmacy (41%). Although ADHD was associated with the highest overall medication use, comorbid ADHD-ASD was associated with higher odds of experiencing polypharmacy. This research should help to inform treatment strategies for children with comorbid ADHD-ASD.