bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of microstructure and microhardness of aluminum alloy melt for grain refinement by twin-roll casting
Authors: Kumar Naveen , Mall P. K. , Prasad C. Durga , Medhavi Amit , Mehrotra Monica , Kumar Shailendra , Alam Md Sarfaraz , Singh Gurbhej , Singh Suresh , Balu Ranjith , Aden Adem Abdirkadir
Published: February 2025

This study examines sheets produced using twin-roll casting (TRC) and melt conditioned twin-roll casting (MCTRC) to evaluate the effect of melt conditioning on segregation pattern and grain refinement. To produce sheets through the MTCRC technique, melt conditioning using high shear technology (high-speed rotor) was applied to Al-5 Mg alloys, before subjecting the melt to TRC. A low shear slope was used to prepare a commercially pure aluminum ingot. The mean grain size obtained for slope processed samples with vibration at a pouring temperature of 780°C is 69.4 µm, decreasing to 62.5 µm with a 20°C decrease in pouring temperature. Samples prepared without vibration at temperatures of 780°C and 760°C exhibit grain sizes of 85.172 and 77.8 µm, respectively. Additionally, the average grain size of Al-5 Mg alloy sheets produced using TRC is around 270 µm, which decreases to 230 µm for sheets produced using MCTRC. The grain size data comparison of the samples prepared using high shear technology and those with a low shear slope indicate successful results of grain refinement in both cases. However, it is advantageous to produce sheets using the low shear slope method as compared to the high shear technology, because of the low setup costs.
Never say yes to parabens? A review on paraben compounds in potential human exposure risks
Authors: Haldar Sayan , Mukherjee Saikat , Dey Avijit
Published: February 2025

Background

Parabens, esters of para-hydroxybenzoic acid, are antimicrobial agents which are used as preservatives in foods, cosmetics, drug, and pharmaceutical industries. The harmful effects of parabens on human health have been a hot topic of discussion for a long time, and bountiful literature has already been published acting as pieces for solving this puzzle. Previously, many studies confirmed that parabens can accumulate in human skin without breakdown by esterase and their presence was observed in human breast cancer tissue.

Result

This whole review gives a brief idea about the characteristics of commonly used parabens, where they are mainly used, their regulatory status, their harmful effects on humans, and why they should be avoided. By summarizing different studies, we first tried to correlate the paraben-induced electron transport chain dysfunction, mitochondrial membrane permeability, and oxidative stress with apoptotic events which were reported in several studies. The xenoestrogen-like behavior of parabens and endocrine disruption-related some meaningful literature was summarized although those studies have some limitations. And finally, the role of parabens in breast cancer-related latest findings was also briefly described in a distinct manner which surely gives another flavor to this review.

Conclusion

Many of the studies showed a high dose of parabens is needed to bind and potentially activate estrogen receptors. But a recent study showed that parabens can cross-talk with other pathways like HER2 and a low dose of parabens can activate the estrogen receptor. Parabens have also been reported to cross the blood–brain barrier, which can cause serious problems. Evidence also showed that parabens can move through the transplacental passage from mother to child. Further studies are warranted to investigate whether parabens can directly produce harmful effects in vivo regarding human survival or interact positively with other harmful endocrine disruptors.
Multi-classification of breast cancer histopathological image using enhanced shallow convolutional neural network
Authors: Yusuf Musa , Kana Armand Florentin Donfack , Bagiwa Mustapha Aminu , Abdullahi Mohammed
Published: February 2025

Cancer of the breast popularly known as breast cancer (BC) is the second and third utmost cause of mortality among women in Nigeria and globally, respectively. Biopsy histopathological images (BHI) have gained more attention for the early clinical diagnosis of BC. However, the clinical examination and diagnosis of BC histology images are subject to human error. Consequently, several computer-aided diagnoses (CAD) solutions have been presented to aid histopathologists with the automated classification of cancerous tumor cells on histological images. Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) have been utilized to build a sizable portion of the cutting-edge proposed solutions. However, due to the architectural structure of DCNN, which extracts features automatically along with training processes and is coupled with overlapping nucleic features on breast histology images (BHI), the existing solutions suffer from high computational utilization, extensive training time leading to longer convergence times, and reliance on available high-end system resources to build adequate BC classification solutions. In this paper, an enhanced shallow convolutional neural network (ES-CNN) has been proposed for multi-classification of BHI, aimed to improve classification performance and reduce training time across eight BC types and four magnifications in the BreakHis dataset. The research objectives were achieved in three ways. First, we designed the proposed network’s architecture, guided by magnification and patient dependencies. Secondly, we implemented a multi-classification model based on the proposed network, and, finally, two categories of experiments were conducted based on classification accuracy and computational utilization. The experimental results revealed that the proposed methods have minimal computational utilization and improved classification performance compared to the existing work. This research reports a multi-classification accuracy of 96%, 95%, 98%, and 96% across 400 × , 200 × , 100 × , and 40 × image magnifications, respectively.
Next-Generation Neuromonitoring in Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery: Indications, Techniques, and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Ikwuegbuenyi Chibuikem A. , Willett Noah , Elsayed Galal , Kashlan Osama , Härtl Roger
Published: February 2025

Neuromonitoring in minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) provides real-time feedback to surgeons and enhances surgical precision for improved patient safety. Since the 1970s, established techniques like somatosensory evoked potentials, motor evoked potentials, and electromyography have been integrated into spine surgeries, significantly reducing the risk of neurological complications. These neuromonitoring modalities have been crucial, particularly in complex procedures with limited direct visualization. Refinements in these techniques have led to greater confidence in nerve root safety, contributing to the success of MISS. Despite some debate regarding the routine use of neuromonitoring in noncomplex surgeries, its importance in complex cases is well-documented. Studies have demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity rates for these techniques, with multimodal approaches offering the best outcomes. Advancements in mechanomyography and its potential integration into neuromonitoring protocols highlight the continuous improvement in this field. This review explores the historical development, current techniques, clinical outcomes, and future directions of neuromonitoring in MISS. It emphasizes the critical role of these technologies in enhancing surgical outcomes and patient care. As MISS continues to evolve, adopting next-generation neuromonitoring systems, including artificial intelligence and machine learning, will play a pivotal role in advancing the efficacy and safety of spine surgeries.
Patient-Reported Outcomes in Spine Surgery: The Wealth of Data
Authors: Bydon Mohamad , Dominari Asimina
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Although the value of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) regarding assessing patient and quality-of-care outcomes is increasingly recognized within spine surgery, the benefits and challenges associated with the collection and clinical use of PROs remain to be established. The aim of this review was to discuss the published evidence on the wealth of clinically relevant data provided by PRO measures within spine surgery.

METHODS:

The peer-reviewed literature was searched for articles investigating the value of PRO data within spine surgery. Articles evaluating the collection and clinical use of PRO data within spine surgery, especially about monitoring clinical and quality-of-care outcomes, were critically analyzed.

RESULTS:

Although postoperative outcomes after spine surgery previously relied on the physician's evaluation of a patient's physical recovery, in 1978, a new evaluation scheme for patients undergoing surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis shifted the weight of postoperative outcome evaluation from objective physical measures to measures that depended on the party performing the evaluation, including the physician, patient, or family. Currently, several standardized PRO scales whose performance has been rigorously investigated in validation studies are used to assess patients' perception of pain and functional and psychometric outcomes after spine surgery. Overall, the benefits of using PROs in these patients include establishing patient involvement in their care, strengthening patient-provider rapport, and promoting patient-centered care, while further standardizing patient outcomes by incorporating the self-reported aspect of clinical outcomes into standardized outcome measures and creating a framework for further quality outcomes research and health care policymaking.

CONCLUSION:

Physician-reported outcomes are often unable to provide a comprehensive evaluation of clinical and quality-of-care outcomes within spine surgery. Incorporation of PROs in patient evaluation is an integral part of efforts aimed at achieving excellence in health care delivery, as PROs help gain insight into individual patients' experiences and integrate an appraisal of patients' perspectives into clinical practice.
Visualization in the Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion: From Tubular to Endoscopic Approaches
Authors: Vyas Daivik B. , Park Brian J. , Wang Michael Y.
Published: February 2025

The transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion remains one of the most common surgical techniques used for spinal arthrodesis. Spine surgery over the last three decades has increasingly emphasized approaches that reduce tissue trauma, iatrogenic injury, and perioperative morbidity. The minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion approach represents an opportunity for surgeons to achieve that aim, with modalities that allow visualization through tubular retractors or spinal endoscopy. In this paper, the authors review the techniques and considerations underlying visualization within both methods, as well as provide summary of a hybrid system incorporating the advantages of both. Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion modalities must be selected in accordance with patient factors to achieve optimal outcomes.
Biportal Versus Uniportal Lumbar Decompression—Indications and Efficacy: A Review With Case Examples
Authors: Sun Felicia W. , Chang Ki-Eun , Shen Jian , Telfeian Albert E.
Published: February 2025

Minimally invasive lumbar decompression surgery offers many advantages including reduced patient morbidity and quicker return to normal life. Endoscopic lumbar spine surgery, sometimes termed “ultra” minimally invasive, further pushes the envelope on reducing operative time, blood loss, and recovery time. Endoscopy offers the additional advantage to the surgeon of placing the surgeon's eye not 50 cm away through the lens of loupes or a microscope, but right at the spine pathology in high definition. Uniportal approach involves a single incision through which the endoscope and instruments are passed. Biportal approach involves two incisions, one for the endoscope and one for the instruments. In what follows we review the indications and efficacy of these procedures with case examples.
Advances in Lateral Interbody Fusion and Single Position Surgery
Authors: Guiroy Alfredo , Bayaton Alfred-John , McDermott Michael R. , Spieser Charlie , Thomas J. Alex , Menezes Cristiano M. , Amaral Rodrigo , Patel Ashish , Asghar Jahangir
Published: February 2025

Lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) is traditionally performed with the patient in the lateral decubitus position for interbody implant insertion and indirect decompression. In cases requiring 360-degree fusion or direct decompression, the patient is repositioned to the prone position during surgery, a technique referred to as dual-position LLIF (DP-L). To improve efficiency and eliminate the need for repositioning, surgeons have adopted single-position approaches, completing the entire procedure either in the lateral decubitus or prone position. This explores the advancements in LLIF and single-position LLIF. Comparing both single position lateral decubitus LLIF and single position prone (P-SPS) to the traditional DP-L. A narrative review of the literature on single-position surgery (SPS) LLIF was conducted to provide an overview of its key aspects and clinical applications. The review included studies comparing SPS lateral and SPS prone to DP-L, encompassing systematic reviews, meta-analyses, retrospective studies, and case series. Additional studies deemed relevant for a thorough review were also included. No randomized controlled trials were identified or included in this review. Lateral single-position surgery and P-SPS have shown reductions in operative times and hospital length of stay compared with DP LLIF. In addition, both techniques improved estimated blood loss, complication rates, and radiographic outcomes. However, the statistical significance of these findings varied inconsistently across the published studies. The development of LLIF represents a notable advancement in spine surgery. SPS builds on this foundation, offering potential improvements over the original technique. While SPS has demonstrated certain advantages, there remains room for further refinement and optimization in its application.
Head Injuries in Contact Sports – Literature Review
Authors: Hoksa Kacper , Broda Aleksandra , Jodłowski Krzysztof , Dubniewicz Ewa , Majewska Paula , Staszek Alicja , Łoskot Wiktoria , Matczak Mateusz , Szwech Jan , Jasiński Karol
Published: February 2025

Head injuries in athletes are an increasingly common issue, not only in professional sports but also due to the growing number of amateurs participating in contact sports. These sports include not only martial arts such as boxing, judo, or MMA but also team sports, including some of the most popular ones like soccer, rugby, American football, and hockey.
The aim of this paper is to review the available literature on the frequency and mechanisms of head and neck injuries in various sports, as well as to propose possible methods for preventing these injuries and rehabilitation after they occur. The article discusses both acute and chronic injuries, as well as long-term health consequences. It highlights the need for further research in the field of biomechanics, athlete monitoring, and the development of effective health protection strategies for athletes.
The article was prepared by analyzing multiple databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Elsevier.
Conclusions: There is also a lack of conclusive evidence on the mechanisms behind these injuries, which makes it difficult to develop programs to reduce the frequency of neurological injuries. Many years of systematic research and athlete monitoring, with detailed documentation of all injuries, are needed. Additionally, further biomechanical analyses are required to understand the forces acting on athletes and how well protective equipment performs. Only after obtaining such results it will be possible to prepare better strategies to protect the health and life of athletes in these disciplines.
The Impact of Migraine and Therapeutic Intervention Methods on Subjective Quality of Life Assessment. Information overview
Authors: Mendak Magdalena , Hanslik Anna , Białek Agata , Walczak Agnieszka , Olszanecka Monika , Olszanecki Tomasz , Hovagimyan Adrian
Published: February 2025

Introduction and aim of the study: The main purpose of this article is to describe the role of the psychosomatic influence on our physical health. A large amount of daily stress, having psychiatric disorders, usually distress an internal balance and can initiate a chronic or episodic migraine.This article reviews issue about: pathophysiology of a chronic migraine, migraine disability, quality of life among the patients, predictors, influence on the economic status, self-esteem, relationships.
Materials and methods: This article was based on literature gathered from various databases, including Google Scholar, ResearchGate, PubMed, ClinicalTrails, Cochrane database. The keywords migraine, psychosomatics, therapeutic methods, headache, AMPP, IBMS, CaMEO, MIDAS scale were the basis of the review.  Results: A comprehensive analysis of the current literature on the pathomechanism of migraine development sheds new light on understanding the nature of the disease. Key factors influencing the development of the disease appear to be the level of stress, coping mechanisms, and the degree of neuroticism. By understanding the risk factors for the development of migraines, we can tailor appropriate therapy based on pharmacological methods and psychotherapy.
Omega-3 Acid and Their impact in Health, review of Existing Knowledge
Authors: Kukla Zuzanna , Gołębski Maciej , Nowak Wojciech , Mikołajczyk Jagoda , Mieruszyńska Stella , Krzemińska Paulina , Sawicki Mirosław , Sadowska Izabela , Włosiański Jakub , Musialik Sebastian
Published: February 2025

Introduction and objective
Omega-3 fatty acids are associated with a range of beneficial physiological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, lipid-lowering, antiarrhythmic, and antithrombotic effects. The potential health benefits have been the subject of ongoing research. Particularly concerning cardiovascular health, inflammation, diabetes, and obesity. This summary synthesizes the current state of knowledge regarding these effects.
Review methods
A literature review was performed using the PubMed database to assess the effects of omega-3 fatty acids. The primary search term used was "omega-3 fatty acids," and the review focused on the most recent scientific studies examining their impact on the body.
Description of the state of knowledge
Omega-3 fatty acids are essential nutrients crucial for various bodily functions, particularly in cardiovascular and neurological health. The three main types of omega-3s relevant to human health are alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). While ALA is primarily found in plant sources, EPA and DHA are predominantly sourced from marine life.
Conclusions
The analysis of the review article demonstrates that omega-3 fatty acids present promising benefits. Omega-3s significantly reduce triglyceride levels, they help lower blood pressure by promoting vasodilation and reducing vascular resistance, they are essential for maintaining eye health and may help prevent age-related macular degeneration.
Influence of blood flow restriction training combined with resistance training on physical function of college football players
Authors: Chen Yun
Published: February 2025

Methods: A total of 48 male football players aged (20.67±1.34) years old were studied. The changes of lower limb muscle strength, longitudinal jump, fast sprint and isokinetic muscle strength before and after 8 weeks of training were compared. Results: 1) The peak torque of knee extension and flexion on both sides increased significantly in both groups (p < 0.01). The peak torque of knee flexion and extension in both sides of the experimental group was significantly better than that in the control group (p < 0.05). 2) the squat, CMJ and SJ test scores of the experimental group were better than those of the control group (P=0.036, 0.049, 0.016); 3) the direction changing ability and 30-meter sprint performance of the experimental group were significantly improved (P=0.006, 0.036), the 30-meter sprint ability of the control group was significantly improved (P=0.047), the direction changing ability and 30-meter sprint performance of the experimental group were significantly better than the control group (P=0.022, 0.028); 4) Serum nitric oxide and vascular endothelial growth factor in the experimental group were significantly increased compared with before the experiment (P=0.001, 0.000), endothelin was significantly decreased compared with before the experiment (P=0.000), and nitric oxide and vascular endothelial growth factor in the control group were significantly increased compared with before the experiment (P=0.027, 0.000). Endothelin had no significant change compared with before the experiment (P=0.068); After the experiment, nitric oxide and VEGF in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P=0.032, 0.001), and endothelin was significantly lower than that in the control group (P=0.000).
Research on the symbiosis of sports - characteristic towns and digital technology
Authors: Chu Shaoquan
Published: February 2025

In the digital era, the symbiotic development of sports-characteristic towns and digital technology is an essential means to solve the " bottleneck " of the development of sports characteristic towns. This paper discusses how sports-characteristic towns use digital technology to achieve their breakthroughs and expand the application fields of digital technology. This paper's research methods use the field survey method and the literature data method to carry out research from the three dimensions of the symbiotic unit, symbiotic mode and symbiotic environment. The study finds the relationship between the symbiotic unit and symbiosis in the symbiotic development of sports-characteristic towns and digital technology and the best symbiotic mode. It proposes to improve the stickiness of sports-characteristic towns and symbiotic Internet units, build an ideal symbiotic model of sports-characteristic towns and the Internet, and enhance the stability of sports-characteristic towns and the symbiotic Internet environment.
Ludwik Hiacynt Gąsiorowski – lekarz, historyk medycyny, działacz społeczny
Authors: Grzybowski Andrzej , Rabiza Agnieszka
Published: February 2025

W pracy przedstawiono biografię Ludwika Gąsiorowskiego, poznańskiego lekarza i historyka medycyny. Ludwik Gąsiorowski urodził się w 1807 r. we wsi Ruda pod Wieluniem. Otrzymał dyplom lekarza w czerwcu 1835 r. na Uniwersytecie Wrocławskim. Był radnym Rady Miasta Poznań; w 1848 r. brał czynny udział w Powstaniu Wielkopolskim. Założył Wydział Przyrodniczy Towarzystwa Przyjaciół Nauk w Poznaniu. Napisał kilka prac naukowych z zakresu historii medycyny.
Adam Szulisławski (1865-1911) – profesor nadzwyczajny okulistyki we Lwowie
Authors: Grzybowski Andrzej , Pactwa Katarzyna
Published: February 2025

Poniższy artykuł zawiera biografię oraz przegląd dorobku naukowego Adama Szulisławskiego (1865-1911). Studia medyczne ukończył na Wydziale Lekarskim Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego w 1890 r. Specjalizował się w okulistyce – pracował w klinikach okulistycznych w kraju i za granicą: w Poznaniu, Wiedniu, Krakowie. Następnie związał swoje życie zawodowe z oddziałem ocznym kierowanym przez Emanuela Macheka w Szpitalu Powszechnym we Lwowie. W 1901 r. uzyskał habilitację na Wydziale Lekarskim Uniwersytetu Lwowskiego. Dorobek naukowy Adama Szulisławskiego poświęcony jest fizjologii i patologii narządu wzroku.
Witold Jan Orłowski (1918-1988) – pionier retinologii polskiej XX w. oraz historyk okulistyki
Authors: Grzybowski Andrzej , Rabiza Agnieszka
Published: February 2025

W pracy przedstawiono biografię oraz dorobek naukowy Witolda Jana Orłowskiego, kierownika Kliniki Okulistycznej Akademii Medycznej w Poznaniu w latach 1965-1988. Witold Orłowski urodził się w 1918 r. w Warszawie. Otrzymał dyplom lekarza w 1950 r. na Uniwersytecie Warszawskim. Brał czynny udział w powstaniu warszawskim. Był przewodniczącym zarządu głównego Polskiego Towarzystwa Okulistycznego, gdzie założył sekcję retinologiczną i organizował coroczne sympozja retinologiczne. Pełnił rolę redaktora naczelnego czasopisma „Klinika Oczna”. Jest autorem licznych prac naukowych.
Zagrożenia cywilizacyjne powiązane z kryzysem migracyjnym na granicy Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej
Authors: Chmielarz Patryk
Published: February 2025

CIVILIZATION THREATS RELATED TO THE MIGRATION CRISIS ON THE BORDER OF THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND
The article is devoted to the analysis of civilization threats resulting from the migration crisis on the Polish-Belarusian border. It discusses the types of civilization threats occurring in this context. The basic principles of operation of asymmetric threats resulting from the current situation on the border of the Republic of Poland were presented. Individual threats were presented and compared with the possible effects of an inadequately resolved migration crisis. The legal appropriateness of actions in the context of the migration crisis was assessed by analyzing specific legal acts. The disadvantages of the current procedure were presented and the possibilities of introducing specific actions were considered in order to solve the current situation at the border of the Republic of Poland in the most favorable way possible.
Historia i historiografia a studia łemkowskie w Polsce w ostatnim trzydziestoleciu
Authors: Zięba Andrzej A.
Published: February 2025

ІСТОРИЯ І ІСТОРІОҐРАФІЯ В ЛЕМКІВСКЫХ СТУДИЯХ В ПОЛЬЩЫ ЗА ОСТАТНЄ 30 РОКІВВ статі омовлено розвитя досліджынь над історийом Лемків і Лемковины в Польщы за остатнє 30 років, то єст од попереднього огляду запрезентуваного през автора на конференциі «Лемкы і лемкознавство в Польщы» (Краків 1995), якого текст был опубликуваный в томі, што мал такій сам наголовок (Zięba 1997a). Дo увагы взятый был доробок створеный або опубликуваный в Польщы, в тым тіж заграниных авторів. Попри творчости істориків, спомнено тіж аналітычный вклад в познаня і памятаня минулого той краіны, што го внесли дослідникы інчых специяльности, то єст культуровы антрополоґы, літературознавці, соціолоґы, політолоґы. Автор застанавлят ся над можливістю інституціоналізациі і стабілізациі лемківской історіоґрафіі (лемківской історичной школы) як незалежного напряму дебаты над діями Лемковины, тепер веденой головні або з перспектывы народовых історіоґрафій польской і украіньской або в рамах карпаторусиньскых студий.
Позначкы ку 30-ій рочніці кодіфікації русиньского языка на Словакії
Authors: Medvid’ Petro
Published: February 2025

REFLEKSJE NAD 30 ROCZNICĄ KODYFIKACJI JĘZYKA RUSIŃSKIEGO NA SŁOWACJIMija 30 lat od momentu, kiedy Rusini na Słowacji w stolicy swojego kraju – Bratysławie, dokonali historycznego aktu, uroczyście proklamując kodyfikację języka rusińskiego na Słowacji. Jako pierwsi w obszarze Karpat zrealizowali główny cel I Kongresu Języka Rusińskiego, który odbył się w 1992 r. W niniejszym artykule podjęta została próba podsumowania, jakie dalsze cele udało się lub nie udało się osiągnąć Rusinom na Słowacji, ale także Rusinom w ogóle, odnosząc się do postulatów wspomnianego kongresu językowego, stanu języka rusińskiego i jego znajomości na Słowacji, a także badań związanych z jego kodyfikacją.
Strategic Inattention in Product Search
Authors: Hillenbrand Adrian , Hippel Svenja
Published: February 2025

Rapid technological developments in online markets fundamentally change the relationship between consumers and sellers. Online platforms can easily gather data about consumers’ search behavior, allowing for price discrimination. Therefore, product search becomes a strategic choice. Consumers face a tradeoff: Search intensely and receive a better fit at a potentially higher price or restrict search behavior, be strategically inattentive, and receive a worse fit but maybe a better deal. We study the resulting strategic buyer-seller interaction theoretically and experimentally. Our experimental results shed a critical light on the added value for consumers through the rise of online platforms and on the effectiveness of current regulations.

This paper has been This paper was accepted by Elena Katok for the Special Issue on the Human-Algorithm Connection.

Funding: This work was supported by the ZEW–Leibniz-Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung, and the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft.

Supplemental Material: The data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.03413 .
Exploring the Role of Artificial Intelligence in the Meta Marketing for branding the Cloud Restaurants
Authors: Dutta Surjadeep , Ema Uma Padmini , Sengupta Sarthak , Banerjee Souvik
Published: February 2025

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly influenced marketing, including the branding strategies of cloud restaurants. This study explores AI's role in enhancing Meta marketing strategies, focusing on personalized content, data-driven insights, innovation, and foresight. Using a quantitative approach with 150 respondents across Bangalore, Kolkata, Chennai, and London, regression analysis reveals a strong positive impact of these factors on branding performance. These findings underscore AI's potential to transform customer engagement and brand influence, offering actionable insights for cloud restaurant marketing strategies.
Exploring the Impediments to the Youth Financial Inclusion in Botswana
Authors: Chidaushe Wilbert Kudakwashe , Shine Stegi , Sebastian Mini
Published: February 2025

The research explored the various Batswana youth characteristics that hinder Botswana youths from obtaining finance to start up business ventures. The objective of the project was to investigate the entrepreneurial, socio-cultural factors and other variables that impede various Botswana youth from accessing funds in Botswana. The significance of the study was to examine the impediments to youth financial inclusion in Botswana. The research methodology for the study was based on the quantitative research method involving descriptive research. The study administered 800 survey questionnaires to university students. Statistical Package for Social Science was used to analyse the data. The key findings of the study were that limited knowledge on youth needs, tight business licensing and business registration procedures are a significant hindrance to accessing youth funds in the country. There was no correlation between the impediments to youth financial access with enablers of youth financial access, enablers of youth entrepreneurial skills and socio-cultural factors. Policy makers should loosen procedures for youth business registration to facilitate the ‘ease of doing’ business by the youths in the country paying special attention to rural youths. Policy makers should promote unbiased public to private initiatives of raising youth awareness of the requirements to access youth entrepreneurship funds in the country.
The Impact of Geopolitical Risk on the Assimilation of Frontier Technology as Measured by the Frontier Technology Readiness Index (FTRI).
Authors: Chidaushe Wilbert Kudakwashe
Published: February 2025

The research explored the impact of geopolitical risk on the assimilation of frontier technology as measured by the frontier technology readiness index (FTRI). The study was based on a sample of 50 countries that were randomly selected covering the period from 2010 to 2024. The sampling procedure for the study was based on simple random sampling. The study was based on quantitative research involving testing the hypothesis through an application of the logistic regression model. The theoretical framework for the study was based on differentiated securitization theory, particularly the securitization theory. The study tested the hypothesis on whether geopolitical risk was significantly and positively correlated with uptake of frontier technologies. The findings of the research were that geopolitical risk is profoundly and negatively correlated with levels of skills, industry capacity and access to finance. Furthermore, the research displayed that level of ICT infrastructure, and the level of research and development were significantly and positively associated with geopolitical risk. IT can be concluded that geopolitical risk has a mixed reaction to the diverse measures of frontier technologies readiness index. Policy makers are recommended to rethink of the impact of global risk in the formulation of frontier technology investment strategies.
Outcomes of conversion total hip arthroplasty following previous hip fracture surgery
Authors: Selim Amr , Dass Debashis , Govilkar Siddharth , Brown Ashley J. , Bonde Saket , Burston Benjamin , Thomas Geraint
Published: February 2025

Aims

The conversion of previous hip fracture surgery to total hip arthroplasty (CTHA) can be surgically challenging with unpredictable outcomes; reported complication rates vary significantly. This study aimed to establish the medium-term survival and outcomes of CTHA performed following a previous hip fracture surgery.

Methods

All CTHAs performed at our tertiary orthopaedic institution between January 2008 and January 2020 following previous ipsilateral hip fracture surgery were included. Patients were followed up clinically using Oxford Hip Scores (OHS), and radiologically until death or revision surgery. Postoperative complications, radiological implant failure, and indications for revision surgery were reviewed.

Results

A total of 166 patients (167 hips) were included in the study, with a mean age of 71 years (42 to 99). Of these, 113 patients (67.7%) were female. CTHA followed cannulated screw fixation in 75 cases, hemiarthroplasty in 18, dynamic hip screw fixation in 47, and cephalomedullary nail in 27 cases. Patients were followed up for a mean of four years (0.1 to 9.3). During the follow-up period, 32 patients (19.2%) died. Overall, 14 patients (8.4%) suffered a complication of surgery, with intraoperative fractures (4.2%) and dislocations (3.6%) predominating. The survival probability was 96% at 9.53 years in the cemented group and 88% at 9.42 years in the uncemented group (p = 0.317). The median OHS improved from 13 (IQR 7.75 to 21.25) preoperatively to 39 (IQR 31 to 45) postoperatively in the uncemented group, and from 14 (IQR 10.5 to 22) to 38 (IQR 27 to 45) in the cemented group.

Conclusion

This study highlights that CTHA from hip fracture surgery is associated with higher complication rates than conventional THA, but good medium-term results can be achieved. Their classification within the NJR requires review, acknowledging the increased potential for complications.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2025;6(2):195–205.
DEMARKETING VERDE E GREENWASHING NA PERCEPÇÃO DOS CONSUMIDORES
Authors: Andreoli Taís Pasquotto , Castro Rafaela Alcântara , Kissimoto Kumiko
Published: February 2025

O trabalho teve como objetivo analisar e comparar a reação dos consumidores quando expostos a campanhas caracterizadas como demarketing verde e como greenwashing. O referencial teórico englobou as bases conceituais de demarketing e demarketing verde, assim como marketing verde e greenwashing (o falso discurso ambiental). Como método, foi empregada uma abordagem qualitativa, realizada por meio de um grupo focal com entrevista semiestruturada, composto por oito representantes da geração Y, partindo da apresentação e comparação entre duas campanhas fictícias contendo discursos mercadológicos, caracterizadas como demarketing verde e como greenwashing. Como resultado, destacou-se o desconhecimento de ambos os conceitos: o demarketing verde foi percebido de forma totalmente contraditória, com efeito contrário, enquanto no greenwashing a causa ambiental foi mais facilmente percebida, mesmo sem o reconhecimento da sua autenticidade. Assim, avança-se na compreensão dessas duas práticas organizacionais voltadas à sustentabilidade, demarketing verde e greenwashing, especialmente sob a perspectiva do principal interessado: o consumidor.
Cloning and bioinformatics analysis of key gene ShOMT3 of podophyllotoxin biosynthesis pathway in Sinopodophyllum hexandrum
Authors: Liu Wei , Gao Haona , Zhao Dan , Li Shuying , Li Lu , Zhao Xiufang , Zhang Zheng , Yin Dongxue
Published: February 2025

Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (S. hexandrum) is an endangered traditional Chinese medicine as abundant podophyllotoxin with powerful anticancer activity. In this study, the rootstalks of S. hexandrum from different geographical locations in China [S1 (Gansu) and S2 (Shaanxi)] were used as research materials to clone the key gene pluviatolide O-methyltransferase 3 (ShOMT3) in the podophyllotoxin biosynthetic pathway. Subsequently, bioinformatics analysis of the ShOMT3 gene and its encoded protein was subjected to bioinformatics analysis using various analysis software including ProtParam, DeepTMHMM, SubLoc, Signal-P 5.0, and Swiss-model. The results of the analysis revealed that the CDS region of the ShOMT3 gene is 1119 bp long, encoding 372 amino acids. The theoretical molecular weight of the ShOMT3 protein is 41.32784 kD, and the theoretical isoelectric point (pI) is 5.27. The instability coefficient of the protein is 46.05, the aliphatic index is 93.58, and the grand average of hydropathicity (GRAVY) is 0.037, indicating that it is an unstable hydrophobic protein. The protein does not contain transmembrane domains or signal peptides, indicating that it is a non-secreted protein. Secondary structure prediction results suggests that the protein consists of alpha helices, random coils, extended strands, and beta-turns. Tertiary structure prediction results suggests that the protein functions as a monomer. In the phylogenetic tree, the ShOMT3 protein has the highest homology with Podophyllum peltatum (P. peltatum). The successful cloning and bioinformatics analysis of the ShOMT3 gene provide theoretical basis and excellent genetic resources for the molecular regulatory mechanism analysis of the podophyllotoxin biosynthetic pathway and molecular breeding in S. hexandrum.
Effect of prenatal alcohol consumption on dental enamel formation in offspring—An animal study protocol
Authors: Leme Roberta Duarte , Marañón-Vásquez Guido Artemio , Gonçalves Juliana de Lima , de Carvalho Fabrício Kitazono , de Queiroz Alexandra Mussolino , de Paula-Silva Francisco Wanderley Garcia
Published: February 2025

Background

The etiology of developmental defects of enamel (DDE) remains incompletely understood. Prenatal alcohol exposure has been proposed as a potential risk factor for DDE. Animal studies suggest that in utero ethanol exposure can disrupt ameloblast function, leading to enamel abnormalities. This study aims to: (1) Assess the impact of prenatal alcohol consumption on the clinical and structural properties of dental enamel in offspring; and (2) Investigate the underlying mechanisms of these alterations through histological and molecular analyses. Pregnant Wistar rats will be assigned to two groups: one exposed to ethanol and a control group with no alcohol exposure. Ethanol exposure will follow a binge drinking model, with rats receiving 3 g/kg of ethanol (30% w/v) for 3 consecutive days, followed by 4 days of rest each week. This regimen will begin one week prior to conception and continue throughout pregnancy. The incisors and molars of offspring will be evaluated on the 10th (n = 22 per group) and 28th (n = 22 per group) days of life. Visible enamel changes will be documented through photographs. Enamel volume, thickness, and density will be assessed using micro-CT imaging. Mechanical properties will be evaluated using the Knoop microhardness test, while chemical composition will be analyzed through Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. The area of the organic enamel matrix will be quantified in histological sections. Genes Amelx, Enam, Ambn, Mmp2, Mmp9, Mmp20, Klk4, Cldn3, Cldn16, and Cldn19 will be evaluated in ameloblasts using real-time RT-PCR and protein synthesis will be confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Gelatinolytic activity in the ameloblast layer will be assessed by in situ zymography.
Evaluation of four regimens of methyl aminolevulinate mediated by red light to treat actinic keratoses: A randomized controlled clinical protocol
Authors: Kitamura Ricardo Hideyoshi , Azevedo Milene Alves , Tempestini Joao Paulo Ratto , Pavani Christiane , Motta Lara Jansiski , Bussadori Sandra Kalil , Ando-Suguimoto Ellen Sayuri , Santos Fernandes Kristianne Porta , Mesquita-Ferrari Raquel Agnelli , Gutierrez Duran Cinthya Cosme , Horliana Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini
Published: February 2025

The multifocality of actinic keratosis (AK), the unpredictability of lesion evolution with potential progression to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and the consequent risk of local extension and metastasis, alongside the recent development of new therapies, make the selection of a therapeutic regimen challenging. The increasing incidence of this condition is associated with economic costs and its impact on quality of life, which has fostered interest in studying protocols for treating this skin condition. The topical application of 16% methyl aminolevulinate (MAL) is well-established in the literature for its local therapeutic effects and ease of application. However, the high cost of medication, long incubation time, and adverse effects such as itching and burning in some patients limit the dissemination of this treatment. Studies are needed to test other protocols of this promising therapy to increase acceptance among patients and professionals. Therefore, the objective of this protocol is to compare the efficacy of the topical application of MAL at concentrations of 8% and 16%, mediated by red light, as well as to evaluate the impact of different incubation times (1 or 3 hours) in the treatment of actinic keratoses on the face, with a 6-month follow-up. This parallel-arm, 6-month follow-up randomized controlled, double-blind clinical protocol will consist of 4 groups: G1 - Control Group - MAL 16% irradiated with 643 nm and 75 J/cm2 and 3-hour incubation time (n = 36), G2 - MAL 16% and 1-hour incubation (n = 36), G3 - MAL 8% - 3 hours (n = 36), and G4 - MAL 8% - 1 hour (n = 36). The primary outcome will be the complete remission of the lesion at six months. Secondary outcomes will include treatment success (75% reduction in the initial number of lesions), recurrence rate, emergence of SCC, incidence of adverse effects, and improvement in skin texture, wrinkles, and pigmentation using a validated scale. All outcomes will be assessed at 30 days, 3, and 6 months. At six months, quality of life will be assessed using the Actinic Keratosis Quality of Life questionnaire (AKQoL) and Face-Q. If data are normal, they will be subjected to 3-way ANOVA and presented as means ± standard deviation (SD). Otherwise, they will be presented as median and interquartile range and compared using the Kruskall-Wallis and Friedman tests. Categorical variables will be evaluated with the chi-square, Fisher’s exact, or likelihood ratio tests. A p-value < 0.05 will be considered significant.
Study on lean production management of new energy vehicle body painting based on the dual perspectives of digital transformation and VSM
Authors: Yang Qin , Wang Xizhe , Wu Hu
Published: February 2025

The automobile body painting production system exists in the backward management concept of focusing on production and ignoring environmental protection, focusing on traditional technology and unwilling to innovate, etc., high production cost and environmental protection standards, which have had a negative impact on the industry’s long-term growth. Based on the value stream mapping (VSM) analysis technology, the current situation of the value stream of the body spraying process of TJ Automobile Manufacturing Company is analyzed, the problem of waste in the production process of automobile body painting system affected by Eliminate Combine Rearrange Simplify (ECRS)a four-step problem-solving technique was studied and analyzed, a new method for the application of value stream graph analysis technology in the digital transformation environment is proposed, and a suitable production improvement scheme for the body painting system is formulated by using the new method, which increases the value-added operation time of the painting production process by 9.5% and reduces the non-value-added operation time by 12.5%. The number of operators was reduced by 18.8%, the value-added ratio was increased accordingly, the scrap rate was reduced by 8%, and the exhaust gas purification rate was increased by 66%, which brought good economic and social benefits to the enterprise and provided a successful case for the application of lean production VSM in the digital transformation environment. The paper extends knowledge in the area of digital transformation and lean production by helping us to establish and explain the relationship between lean production management methods and the promotion of new energy vehicle body coating performance from a dual perspective of digital transformation and VSM. None of the previous studies have considered the combined application of the studied digital transformation and VSM lean management approaches.
Desvendando Experiências Turísticas na Ilha do Marajó: Motivações e Escolhas Rumo a um Turismo Sustentável
Authors: Souza Borja Izabel Maria França de , Corbin Hisakhana Pahoona
Published: February 2025

Objetivo - Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo decifrar as escolhas e motivações dos turistas na Ilha do Marajó/PA, visando a promover o turismo sustentável.
Desenho/metodologia/abordagem - Utilizando uma abordagem quali-quantitativa, foram conduzidas entrevistas semiestruturadas que identificaram quatro grupos distintos de turistas. A pesquisa coletou dados sobre as motivações e comportamentos dos turistas para entender suas preferências e influências.
Resultados - Os resultados revelaram que 63,5% dos participantes buscam uma participação ativa e imersiva na Ilha do Marajó (Cluster D). Para 70,7% dos participantes, a decisão de visitar a Ilha do Marajó foi motivada pela percepção de suas características sustentáveis. No entanto, a falta de estrutura pública foi a principal dificuldade apontada, indicando a necessidade de melhorias nas infraestruturas para apoiar o turismo sustentável.
Limitações/implicações da pesquisa - A pesquisa está limitada à amostra de turistas entrevistados na Ilha do Marajó, o que pode não representar todas as percepções e motivações de turistas em diferentes contextos ou épocas do ano.
Implicações práticas - Sugere-se que entes públicos, em colaboração com o setor privado, considerem esses resultados e implementem ações práticas para aprimorar as infraestruturas, proporcionando experiências mais enriquecedoras aos turistas e apoiando iniciativas para o turismo sustentável na Ilha do Marajó.
Originalidade/valor - Este estudo oferece insights valiosos sobre o comportamento e motivações dos turistas na Ilha do Marajó, destacando a importância da sustentabilidade no desenvolvimento turístico. A pesquisa contribui para o entendimento de como as percepções de sustentabilidade influenciam as escolhas dos turistas e sugere caminhos para melhorar a infraestrutura local de maneira a apoiar o turismo sustentável.