bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CORRELATION BETWEEN THE ROLE OF NURSE AS EDUCATOR AND SELF CARE BEHAVIOUR IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AT INTERNAL MEDICINE UNIT OF BINA SEHAT HOSPITAL JEMBER
Authors: Fahra Rima Ulfa , Widayati Nur , Sutawardana Jon Hafan
Published: December 2017

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that requires continuous self-care. Education by nurses can support self-care behavior of patients with type 2 DM. Good knowledge affects self-care of type 2 diabetes patients so that metabolic control can be achieved. This study aimed to identify the correlation between the role of nurse as educator and self-care behaviour in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This research applied a descriptive analytic design with cross sectional approach. A total of 63 respondents were enrolled in this study by using consecutive sampling technique. Data collection was conducted by administering questionnaires of nurse role as educator and Summary of Diabetes Self Care Activities (SDSCA). Data were analyzed by using Spearman correlation test with significance level of 0.05. The result showed that the mean value of nurse role and self-care behaviour was 59.84 and 3.79 respectively. The p value was 0.000 (p<0.05) with the correlation coefficient (r) of 0.851. It indicates that there was a significant correlation between nurse role as educator and self-care behaviour in patients with type 2 DM. The correlation was strong and positive which means the better the nurse's role as educator the better the patient's self-care behaviour. The education gained by the patients can affect the motivation to perform self-care behaviour. This study suggests the importance of nurse role in providing education in type 2 diabetes patients to optimize self-care behaviour.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH BOARDING TIME IN YELLOW ZONE OF EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT AT dr.ISKAK TULUNGAGUNG HOSPITAL
Authors: Deviantony Fitrio , Ahsan Ahsan , Setyoadi Setyoadi
Published: December 2017

Patient’s visits in the emergency room (ER) increase in number in every year. The increasing number of hospital visits is directly associated with the increasing number of patients who come to the emergency department. The increased number of patients resulted in the buildup of patients in the ER, especially in the Yellow Zone and causing the boarding time after the inpatient decision was decided to be longer. The purpose of this study was to analyze the problems related to variables that have a correlation with the boarding time of the patient after the decision of hospitalization is decided in the yellow zone of the emergency department at RSUD dr. Iskak Tulungagung. The method of this research was analytic observational research with cross sectional approach. The number of samples was 78 respondents. The sampling technique used nonprobability sampling. Pearson test and Spearman test were applied to identify the correlation between variables and multivariate linear regression test was used to find out the most dominant factor in influencing patient boarding time after the decision of hospitalization was made. The result of bivariate test showed the correlation between boarding time with room preparation time (p = 0.000), laboratory test results (p = 0.000), diagnostic time (p = 0.000), and ratio between nurse and patient (p = 0.000). Boarding time was not correlated with time of arrival (p = 0.263) and insurance coverage (p = 0.980). Multivariate analysis with linear regression obtained result of constant value (B = 681.212), ratio between nurse and patient (p= 0.000; B = -861.011), bed occupancy time (p= 0.000; B =0.620) and diagnostic time (p=0.022; B = 2.636). The implication of this research is to get a formula that able to shorten patient boarding time after the decision of hospitalization was made and can give a standart time for boarding time.
DEEP BREATHING EXERCISE AND ACTIVE RANGE OF MOTION EFFECTIVELY REDUCE DYSPNEA IN CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE PATIENTS
Authors: Nirmalasari Novita
Published: December 2017

Dyspnea is a clinical manifestation of Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) due to lack of oxygen supply because of accumulation of fluid in the alveoli. This is an important factor that affects the quality of life of patients. The accumulation makes the heart unable to pump up to the maximum. The effect in respiratory muscle increases the sensation of dyspnea. Non-pharmacological management is measures aimed to maintain physical stability, avoid behaviors that can aggravate the condition, and detect early symptoms of worsening heart failure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of deep breathing exercise and active range of motion on dyspnea in CHF patients. This study was quasi-experiment with pretest-posttest with control group design that involved 32 respondents by stratified random sampling. Modified Borg scale was used as data collecting tool. The intervention of deep breathing exercise was conducted thirty times, and active range of motion was performed five times for each movement. The intervention was done three times a day for 3 days. This study was carried out from April to June 2017 in RS PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta and RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Yogyakarta. Paired t-test showed p<0.001 in the intervention group and p=0.001 in the control group. Mann Whitney test showed that intervention of deep breathing exercise and active range of motion is more effective than hospital standard intervention in decreasing dyspnea (p=0.004; a=0.05). This study recommends the application of deep breathing exercise and active range of motion as a method to reduce dyspnea in patients with CHF.
THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF TODDLER POST COLOSTOMY IN BANDUNG
Authors: Nurhayati Dede , Mardhiyah Ai , Adistie Fanny
Published: December 2017

Congenital abnormalities in children are still quite high in Indonesia such as hirschsprung disease and anorectal malformations which require the fabrication of colostomy as bowel decompression and faecal expenditure alternatives. Stoma fabrication can have a physical or psychosocial impact on a child's life. This study aimed to determine the perception of parents on the quality of life in toddler-aged children with post colostomy. The method of this research was quantitative descriptive with 35 respondents obtained by consecutive sampling technique. The participants involved in this study were the parents of toddler-aged children who had experienced colostomy surgery. The data were collected using a Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (Peds QL) questionnaire. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics. The results showed that 19 people (54.28%) of toddler-aged children who had experienced colostomy surgery had poor quality of life with the lowest score on cognitive function. The conclusions of this study indicated that most of parents perceived the quality of life of toddler-aged children who had experinced colostomy surgery in the bad category. The poor quality of life can affect the child growth. One of the efforts to improve the quality of life of children is by providing psychological therapy to help children deal with negative emotions and providing psychoeducation to parents about the importance of providing stimulus in toddler-aged childern so that children can have a better quality of life.
A ética da palavra na relação profissionais de saúde-pacientes
Authors: Caprara Andrea , Rodrigues Josiane Vasconcelos
Published: December 2017

A doença tem sido sempre um tema literário por excelência. As obras literárias permitem aprofundar aspectos da vida humana, como o fato de saber gerir emoções, elementos constitutivos importantes, por exemplo, da relação entre profissionais de saúde e pacientes. O grande escritor John Coetzee, Prêmio Nobel de Literatura em 2003, autor de romances memoráveis como Esperando os Bárbaros (2006), Desonra (2000), entre outros, em um de seus romances, Homem Lento (2007), aborda o tema do cuidado, o cuidado do outro.
O papel do meio ambiente na política externa brasileira
Authors: Bezerra Joana Carlos
Published: December 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o papel do meio ambiente na política externa brasileira, com foco na Amazônia, a partir da análise de textos e documentos estratégicos. O exame desse material permite concluir que a floresta tropical sulamericana, apesar de estar presente na política externa do Brasil desde os tempos coloniais, aparece fundamentalmente, até os dias de hoje, pelas lentes de soberania e segurança nacional, e não numa perspectiva ambiental estratégica.
A seiva e o traço: história, natureza e narrativa no diário de viagem de Francisco Freire Alemão (1859-1861)
Authors: Teixeira Karoline Viana
Published: December 2017

O presente artigo analisa o projeto de identidade nacional do Instituto Histórico Geográfico Brasileiro (IHGB), tendo como objeto o diário de viagem do botânico Francisco Freire Alemão, membro do Instituto. Para o IHGB, a escrita da história de uma nação originada de sociedades iletradas passaria pelo estudo das ciências naturais, na busca de um ordenamento inteligível da natureza pela narrativa. Nesse sentido, pretendo depreender deste relato determinada prática de construção da memória e da temporalidade a partir da adoção de certos procedimentos narrativos, ligados às premissas da herança ilustrada e do historicismo romântico.
Leibniz y el dilema teológico de la presciencia: libertad, determinación y conocimiento de los contrafácticos
Authors: Gaiada María Griselda
Published: December 2017

En este trabajo presentaremos dos soluciones al “cuerno izquierdo” del dilema teológico sobre la presciencia: el libertarianismo molinista y el compatibilismo leibniziano. Leibniz rechazó la libertad molinista, entendida como plena indeterminación, por juzgarla incompatible con el principio de razón suficiente que opera en la elección de los hombres y es requerido para la presciencia divina. Leibniz abogó por compatibilizar la libertad con la determinación y el intelectualismo allí alojado permite ofrecer una elucidación del conocimiento divino de los condicionales contrafácticos.
Ninguém segura este país ZIBECHI, Raúl. Brasil potencia. Entre la integración regional y un nuevo imperialismo. Bogotá: Ediciones desde abajo, 2012
Authors: Souza Angelita Matos
Published: December 2017

Não deixa de ser curioso que após todo o debate dos anos 1990 – sobre neoliberalismo, neocolonialismo, nova dependência – e toda a lamentação que acompanhou o primeiro governo Lula – quanto à continuidade da política macroeconômica dos governos FHC – se tenha passado, nos últimos anos, ao discurso em torno da emergência do Brasil potência, acompanhado de críticas ao suposto imperialismo brasileiro. Ao que parece, bastou algum crescimento econômico, combinado ao expansionismo de uma dúzia de empresas nacionais, apoiadas por bancos estatais, para que o sonho de potência despertasse novamente e viessem à tona manifestações tanto de entusiasmo como de descontentamento com a emergência & imperialismo do Brasil, em exercícios que superfaturam o potencial do país.
Treatment, Palliative Care or Euthanasia? Comparing End of Life Issues in Human and Veterinary Medicine
Authors: Eyre-Pugh Ruth E.
Published: December 2017

Not a lot is known about either death or the dying process. Politicians and many in the medical profession in the UK tend to shy away from interfering with it by not allowing euthanasia as an end of life option for the patient. This is the first paper in a series of two, comparing the situation in human medicine and veterinary medicine, in which euthanasia is well practiced for relieving suffering at the end of an animal’s life. This first part takes the form of a literature review including best practice around end of life care, its deficiencies and the need for assisted dying. Veterinary surgeons are well trained in the ethics of euthanasia and put it to good use in the best interest of their animal patients. In countries which have legalized physician assisted suicide for the terminally ill reporting indicates that it works well, without increases in involuntary euthanasia and most importantly without intimidation of the vulnerable. However, there is still an ever increasing tendency to overuse sedation and opioids at the end of life, which merits further investigation. With advances in medical science able to significantly prolong the dying process, patient autonomy demands a review of the law in the UK.
Ostrowski and Trapezoid Type Inequalities for the Generalized k-g-Fractional Integrals of Functions with Bounded Variation
Authors: Dragomir Silvestru Sever
Published: December 2017

Let g be a strictly increasing function on a , b , having a continuous derivative g′ on a , b . For the Lebesgue integrable function f : a , b → C , we define the k-g-left-sided fractional integral of f by S k , g , a + f x = ∫ a x k g x - g t g ′ t f t d t , x ∈ a , b and the k-g-right-sided fractional integral of f by S k , g , b - f x = ∫ x b k g t - g x g ′ t f t d t , x ∈ [ a , b ) , where the kernel k is defined either on 0 , ∞ or on 0 , ∞ with complex values and integrable on any finite subinterval. In this paper we establish some Ostrowski and trapezoid type inequalities for the k-g-fractional integrals of functions of bounded variation. Applications for mid-point and trapezoid inequalities are provided as well. Some examples for a general exponential fractional integral are also given.
A Conceptual Approach to Urban Wellbeing from a Human Evolution Perspective
Authors: Milne Gustav
Published: December 2017

To cope with a projected global population increase from 7.2 bn to 9.6 bn by 2050, many more cities must be built. Although there are great benefits to modern urban living, there also great costs, such as the seemingly unstoppable rise in Type 2 diabetes, obesity, coronary issues and various cancers. The new towns should be designed to contain or constrain the epidemic of those ‘Western Lifestyle Diseases’ that currently plagues today’s cities. But how might this be achieved? It is suggested here that a greater understanding of human evolution combined with the potency of the ‘Palaeolithic genome’ holds the key to our future urban wellbeing. Consequently, a new paradigm is suggested that underpins positive forward thinking on townplanning and city lifestyles to create healthier urban environments. This builds directly on the ‘Evolutionary Determinants of Health’ programme initiated at University College London (UCL). A four-stage model is proposed that integrates and develops both evolutionary-concordant personal and institutional health behaviours with appropriately reconfigured town-planning and building regulations. When integrated, these strands could deliver a healthier urban culture within greened, active townscapes by proactively constraining or eliminating some of the key underlying causes of the so-called ‘Western Lifestyle Diseases’.
Study on Vibration of Reciprocating Pump Pipelines Based on Pressure Pulsation Theory
Authors: Lu Hongfang
Published: December 2017

Due to the periodic movement of the piston in the reciprocating pump, the fluid will cause pressure pulsation, and the vibration of the pipeline will lead to instrument distortion, pipe failure and equipment damage. Therefore, it is necessary to study the vibration phenomena of the reciprocating pump pipeline based on the pressure pulsation theory. This paper starts from the reciprocating pump pipe pressure pulsation caused by fluid, pressure pulsation in the pipeline and the excited force is calculated under the action of the reciprocating pump. Then, the numerical simulation model is established based on the pipe beam model, and the rationality of the numerical simulation method is verified by the indoor experiment. Finally, a case study is taken as an example to analyze the vibration law of the pipeline system, and proposed the stress reduction and vibration reduction measures. The main conclusions are drawn from the analysis: (1) Excited force is produced in the bend or tee joint, and it can also influence the straight pipe in different levels; (2) In this pipeline system, the pump discharge pipe has a larger vibration amplitude and lower natural frequency; (3) The vibration amplitude increases with the pipe thermal stress, and when the oil temperature is higher than 85°C, it had a greater influence on the vertical vibration amplitude of the pipe.
Company Value with Ruin Constraint in a Discrete Model
Authors: Hipp Christian
Published: December 2017

Optimal dividend payment under a ruin constraint is a two objective control problem which—in simple models—can be solved numerically by three essentially different methods. One is based on a modified Bellman equation and the policy improvement method (see Hipp C., 2003). In this paper we use explicit formulas for running allowed ruin probabilities which avoid a complete search and speed up and simplify the computation. The second is also a policy improvement method, but without the use of a dynamic equation (see Hipp C., 2003). It is based on closed formulas for first entry probabilities and discount factors for the time until first entry (see Hipp C., 2016). Third a new, faster and more intuitive method which uses appropriately chosen barrier levels and a closed formula for the corresponding dividend value. Using the running allowed ruin probabilities, a simple test for admissibility—concerning the ruin constraint—is given. All these methods work for the discrete De Finetti model and are applied in a numerical example. The non stationary Lagrange multiplier method suggested in (see Hipp C., 2016), Section 2.2.2 does also yield optimal dividend strategies which differ from those in all other methods, and Lagrange gaps are present here. These gaps always exist in De Finetti models, see (see Hipp C., 2017).
DBS in Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Lavano Angelo , Guzzi Giusy , Della Torre Attilio , Lavano Serena Marianna , Tiriolo Raffaele , Volpentesta Giorgio
Published: December 2017

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common debilitating psychiatric condition for which pharmacological therapy is not always solvable. Various treatments have been suggested for these patients. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is currently under investigation for patients affected by PTSD. 2) Methods: We review the neurocircuitry and up to date clinical concepts that may be of relevance for the implementation of DBS in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). 3) Results: The role of DBS in treatment-refractory PTSD patients has been investigated relying on both preclinical and clinical studies. 4) Conclusions: DBS for PTSD is in its preliminary phases and likely to provide hope to patients with medical refractory PTSD following the results of randomized controlled studies.
Assessment of global trends impact on development of higher education system
Authors: Ashmarina Svetlana , Nikulina Ekaterina
Published: December 2017

The article deals with research of global regularities in the global system of higher education. The interrelation of information, Internet and educational environments, branding and marketing are investigated as a qualitative basis for sustainable development of universities. The government strategies stimulating development of international experience for students are explored and analyzed. This experience resulted in mass opening of international branch campuses and popularity of educational centers (“education hubs”). World tendencies in the field of human capital development in the sphere of higher education are revealed. Special attention is given to development of international institutional and industrial partnership. At present, the challenges facing the modern system of higher education in Russia are related to the need to ensure its competitiveness in the international arena and create centers for the innovative development within the Russian Federation. In the sphere of higher education of Russia, a number of priority projects of the higher education system can be identified, which were approved at the end of 2016: “Universities as Centers of Innovation Development”; the project of “Modern Digital Educational Environment” and the model of the export potential development of the “Russian education system”, which increases the attractiveness and competitiveness of the international educational services market in order to increase the volume of revenues from the export of educational services.
The evaluation of human computer interface design of learning management systems: problems and perspectives
Authors: Gachie Wanjiru , Wesley Govender Desmond
Published: December 2017

With increasing demand for integrating learning management systems (LMS) into teaching and learning, a well-designed LMS is crucial. User interface evaluation has become a critical quality of interactive LMS intended to meet the requirements of users. This article investigates the effect of the interaction on the user and assesses the extent of system functionality. It further seeks to evaluate the interface’s success within the framework of fundamental human computer interface principles under a constructivist learning approach. Using an LMS assumes that when learners are engaged in a social learning context they actively construct knowledge; therefore, the resource is considered a tool to support learning and not an end in itself. The research investigates use of the LMS by two sets of users: staff members (module creators) and learners (module consumers), using semi-structured questionnaires and interviews. The research indicates that use of an LMS supports collaborative and authentic activities in learning, serving as an intrinsic motivation to most users. Some problems/concerns that were highlighted included; attention should be given to the tools and elements that should be added to the system, for example the image management tools; some users expressed the desire for more autonomy in terms of the peer review window. It is also recommended that the use of graphics should have a purpose that is either purely functional or contributes more subtly to the page content. Finally, there were requests for more customization of the themes, colors and icons in the design of LMS.
The development of methods of calculating the concession fees
Authors: Zakharchenko Vitaliy , Merkulov Mykola , Balakhonova Olesya , Zakharchenko Natalia , Laptieva Viktoriia
Published: December 2017

Developed and advanced way of calculation concession fee than provided by the Government Methodology from 04.02.2016. It based on the critical review of existing legal regulation in Ukraine, considering the inflation factor according to international requirements (UNIDO). This approach provides a reduced risk of members of concession agreement, protection of the project member’s interests and the financial viability of the project. Ukraine should follow international practice and rely on concession fee as an instrument of regulation, not only as a fiscal instrument. During the concession contest, where the criteria for selection of the winner is a concession fee, the Government should provide the object to concession if the amount of the payment will be higher than the maximum profit that can get a monopoly. Fee may take the form of a single or an annual payment. In the latter case, reasonable discount rate must be set to calculate the present value of the stream of payments. Confirmed: the need pre-planning examination of normative documents, the use of sentences of the international experience of evaluation of projects, the revised rate of interest a concession payment, the desirability of calculating asset values using their average annual cost, taking into account the special conditions of the project.
Narządy krytyczne oraz ocena wczesnych i późnych powikłań po napromienianiu całego ciała
Authors: Wójcik Dominika
Published: December 2017

Efekt radioterapeutyczny w dużej części zależy od wielkości dawki zadanej w obszar tarczowy. Jednak ograniczeniem są narządy krytyczne, które znajdują się w pobliżu napromienianej zmiany. Przekroczenie dawek tolerancji w tych narządach może być przyczyną powstania szeregu powikłań popromiennych. U chorych z rozrostowymi nowotworami krwiotwórczymi, u których zaleca się przeprowadzenie przeszczepu szpiku kostnego, wykonuje się leczenie przygotowawcze w postaci napromienienia całego ciała techniką TBI (ang. Total Body Irradiation) połączonego z leczeniem chemioterapeutycznym. Przy wykonywaniu procedury TBI - obszarem otrzymującym dawkę terapeutyczną jest całe ciało chorego z wyjątkiem płuc osłoniętych przez indywidualnie dobrane aplikatory ze stopu Wood’a. Niezamierzonym skutkiem radioterapii są liczne zmiany popromienne, które ze względu na czas wystąpienia po leczeniu dzielimy na wczesne i późne. Należą do nich m. in. Radiation pneumonitis, zmętnienie soczewki oka, zaczerwienienie skóry, zaburzenia produkcji hormonu wzrostu. Część zmian ma charakter odwracalny, natomiast niektóre mogą przybrać charakter stały, nieodwracalny.
Nawrót choroby nowotworowej – emocjonalne konsekwencje i możliwości psychologicznej pomocy
Authors: Zagozda Marta , Litwiniuk Maria , Ziarko Michał
Published: December 2017

Nawrót choroby nowotworowej negatywnie obciąża pacjenta nie tylko somatycznie, ale również psychicznie i społecznie. Staje się źródłem silnego stresu i uruchamia różnorodne, nieprzyjemne, intensywne reakcje emocjonalne jak: rozpacz, niepokój, bezradność, poczucie winy, żal, smutek. Czasami reakcje te potrafią być zdecydowanie silniejsze niż wtedy, gdy diagnoza stawiana była po raz pierwszy, nawet jeśli pacjent miał świadomość ryzyka nawrotu. Niektóre z doznań pacjenta stają się na tyle silne i niekorzystne, iż wymagają specjalistycznej pomocy. Taką jest np. sytuacja, gdy pacjent rezygnuje z leczenia, pomimo realnych szans na odniesienie z niego korzyści lub myśli o przerwaniu cierpienia, przez popełnienie samobójstwa.   Praca uwzględniając perspektywę obserwacji klinicznych oraz dotychczasowe doniesienia z literatury przedmiotu w ramach psychologii zdrowia oraz psychoonkologii ma na celu ukazanie w jaki sposób pacjenci reagują na informację, że choroba powróciła oraz które z tych zachowań i kiedy wymagają reakcji ze strony lekarza czy innych osób uczestniczących w procesie leczenia i opiece nad pacjentem. W pracy omówione także zostaną formy pomocy psychologicznej pacjentom w radzeniu sobie z sytuacją nawrotu.
El costo de la transacción tributaria en las empresas comerciales de la provincia de Tungurahua
Authors: Mera Bozano Edgar Fabian , Vargas Nunez Gina Elizabeth , Xavier Flores Brito Santiago
Published: December 2017

El presente artículo comprende un importante aporte para la administración tributaria, toda vez que permite identificar el costo indirecto que recae sobre los contribuyentes en el momento de cumplir con las obligaciones fiscales, costo que doctrinariamente es conocido como presión tributaria indirecta, si bien las obligaciones son varias, no todas recaen sobre el mismo sujeto obligado. La tendencia en el Ecuador es la disminución de los mencionados costos, de ahí la importancia que le ha dado el Servicio de Rentas Internas al uso de las tecnologías de la información, a través de los diversos servicios en línea en el ciclo del contribuyente, desde su inscripción en el Registro, hasta la declaración y pago a través de la web. El presente trabajo muestra que todavía existen procesos derivados de constantes cambios normativos y procedimentales que generan un costo adicional al pago del tributo como tal, el mayor costo lo representa el rubro de remuneraciones al personal con funciones ligadas al pago de impuestos y la utilización de recursos por cambios informáticos en los sistemas. El reto está dado en generar una reforma integral, la digitalización de los procesos, y disminución del analfabetismo tecnológico que puede existir en la ciudadanía, fomentando la cultura tributaria a través del cumplimiento voluntario y oportuno de las obligaciones, sin la proclividad de burlar la ley con resquicios y atajos.
Estudo da viabilidade econômica do depósito de patente de anéis de pistão com base em compósitos poliméricos
Authors: Dalmolim Claudio , Rossi Jesualdo Luiz
Published: December 2017

A indústria automotiva tem buscado constantemente melhorias de seus produtos, quer seja por meio da inovação tecnológica ou da melhoria de seus processos produtivos. Materiais mais duráveis que tragam economia de escala, menor consumo e custos de fabricação cada vez mais enxutos são objeto de pesquisas contínuas. Os motores dos automóveis são parte integrante desta busca e o seu funcionamento cada vez mais eficiente, aliado a uma boa relação custo-benefício são alvo de investigação. O objetivo deste artigo é explorar as características de materiais compósitos poliméricos, sua utilização como anéis de pistão de motores de veículos e, em especial, a viabilidade do depósito de sua patente. As organizações demonstram estar cada vez mais complexas e sua longevidade depende de uma observação clara do cenário onde estão atuando e tomadas de decisão cada vez mais embasadas na experiência e na percepção de suas realidades. Para tanto, foram consultados livros e artigos que possibilitaram a análise desejada. Como resultado, obteve-se uma visão generalista de como os compósitos poliméricos podem contribuir para se atingir os parâmetros esperados.
CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE – A MULTI-CENTER STUDY IN KARACHI, PAKISTAN
Authors: Saeed Farah , Ahmad Mansoor , Alam Syed Mahboob , Perveen Kausar
Published: December 2017

Objective: Chronic kidney disease is growing at alarming rate in developing countries like Pakistan. The aim of the study was to find out the major factors leading to this disease and to carry out the comparative analysis of the effectiveness of allopathic and homoeopathic medicines in treatment of chronic kidney disease.Methods: A multi-center study was carried out in five different centers from 2009-2014. The study was carried out by interviewing the patients, noting down their vitals and reviewing their records. Evaluation of the data was done considering age, sex and co-morbidities associated with renal failure.Results: Significant results were observed. Patients of age groups 46 to 60 (48%) and 30 to 45 (21%) were found to suffer more from chronic kidney disease. Hypertension was found as the most frequently occurring co-morbidity along with chronic renal failure followed by diabetes.Conclusion: The current study will be beneficial in bringing awareness in general public and thereby reducing the increasing burden of end-stage kidney disease.
MICROENCAPSULATION OF PULP OF MANGIFERA INDICA L. BY SPRAY DRYING AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY
Authors: Castro Nerlis Paola Pajaro , Conde Clemente Granados , AlarcÓn Miladys Esther Torrenegra , Fortich MarÍa Del Rosario Osorio , Castro Enilson JÓse Pajaro , Mendez Glicerio Leon
Published: December 2017

Introduction: For the food industry and trade, it is very important to obtain powders based on fruits or vegetables by means of drying techniques that allow them to preserve their nutritional, organoleptic properties and also extend the life time by offering new commercialization possibilities. Studies have made it possible to optimize drying techniques by obtaining water-free products in more than 80% with a high commercial value. To microencapsulate the mango pulp (Mangifera indica L) flounder variety by the Spray Drying method and to evaluate its potential antioxidant activity.Methodology: The fruits were collected in the municipality of Turbana - Bolívar (10º 16 '22 "N 75º 26' 38" W), Colombia. The pulps obtained from the healthy fruits were microencapsulated by the spray drying method. The obtained microcapsules were measured the particle size and the mineral content was determined. The antioxidant activity was determined by three methodologies: total phenols, DPPH • and ABTS • +.Results: The results obtained demonstrate that the microcapsules of the mango pulp (M. indica L) have a mineral content in the following order of importance Calcium> Phosphorus> Iron. The IC50 values for the DPPH • and ABTS • assay were found to be 110.54 ± 1.5 μg / mL and 65.33 ± 1.0 μg / mL respectively. The total phenol content was 73.11 ± 1.54 mg AG / 100 mg of microcapsules, which may be related to the antioxidant activity.Conclusion: The spray drying method was a suitable technique to microcapsulate the mango pulp (M.indica L), which were shown to possess antioxidant activity.
SCAR MARKER DEVELOPMENT FOR THE CORRECT IDENTIFICATION OF IRIS ENSATA
Authors: Mughees Mohd , Jha Shipra Rani , Ahmad Javed , Ahmad Altaf
Published: December 2017

Objective: The objective of this research was to develop the RAPD based SCAR marker for the correct identification of the Iris ensata Thunb. (I. ensata) plant from its adulterants.Methods: Five samples of I. ensata. from the different geographical area were used in this study. The plant genomic DNA was isolated with the CTAB method with some modification (as dried samples were also used). After that, polymorphism was checked with the help of the 10-mer random primers of OPAA and BG series. Then, the bands of interest were eluted and cloned into pGEMT easy vector for the sequencing. Finally, the sequence is used to develop the SCAR primers (Ir-f andIr-R) specific for I. ensata and the developed primers also validated with respect to the market samples.Results: A putative 580 bp sequence specific for Iris ensata was identified from the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. To overcome the main limitation of RAPD it has been converted into SCAR markers. So that, this specific band was then eluted, cloned and sequenced. After that, SCAR primers (Ir-F and Ir-R) were synthesized by using this sequence. For the validation of the synthesized SCAR primers, they were tested with respect to the market samples. The amplicon of 260 bp was produced by the SCAR primers in the authentic I. ensata but market samples did not produce any bands with the synthesized SCAR primers.Conclusion: The results of this study show a high level of polymorphism in the RAPD pattern of the different accessions of the plant. Furthermore, this study results in the successful development of the RAPD based SCAR marker for the identification of the I. ensata.
DEMOGRAPHICS AND FACTOR ASSOCIATED WITH FOOD SUPPLEMENTS USE AMONG YOGYAKARTA POPULATION
Authors: Aditya Rusyda Dyah Utari , Wiedyaningsih Chairun , Kristina Susi Ari
Published: December 2017

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of food supplement use and the association between foods supplement use and sociodemographic factors among Yogyakarta population.Methods: A cross-sectional online questionnaire was developed and validated. A number of 933 participants completed the survey during September-December 2016. A convenience sampling technique was used. The sociodemographic characteristics and use of dietary supplements were collected. Frequency distributions were used to explore the use of food supplement. The relationship between demographic factors and dietary supplement use was conducted using pearson correlation analysis.Results: Food supplement daily use was reported by 63% of participants. A mean number of the supplement was 2.3 (SD 2.1). The advertisement was commonly the source of information about food supplement. Age, sex, monthly income, excercise, and smoking status were associated with food supplement use.Conclusion: Use of food supplements in this population was relatively high reﬂects that of other countries. Participants were using unreliable source of information of the beneﬁts and risks associated with supplement consumption. Health professionals should account for dietary supplements when assessing medication. Regulating bodies and public health ofﬁcers need to be aware to ensure safe practices.
SOCIAL INEQUALITY IN EDUCATION ANALYZED WITHIN VARIOUS THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS
Authors: Milošević Radulović Lela , Marković Krstić Suzana
Published: December 2017

The expansion of education and the mass inclusion of generations in certain levels of education have not reduced inequality in education. There have still been numerous causes and forms of social inequality, with far-reaching consequences. The consequences of social inequalities in education are very complex and are manifested in the form of reproduction of social inequality, that is, the self-reproduction of social stratification and the reproduction of economic inequality. Scientists working in various fields deal with the clarification of the problems of social inequality in education and everyone can, from their own standpoint, attempt to discover the basic causes of these inequalities so as to overcome them. In paper we have shown four current theoretical approaches to the problem of social inequality in education: the functionalist theory, radical theory, theory of educational capital and theory of cultural deprivation. Every approach from its own standpoint tries to indicate the relationship between the educational system and social structure, as well as the possibility of overcoming certain social inequality. Based on the analysis of the basic tenets of various theoretical approaches to inequality in education conceptualized the initial hypotheses as the foundation for the functioning of the educational system in the future, based on the principles of meritocracy.
Penerapan Workbook Matematika Berbasis Kontekstual
Authors: Wulandari Tri Candra , - Sri Rahayu
Published: December 2017

Mathematics in primary schools still rely on textbooks and workbooks students were also issued by the government. In general, it seems simpler both from the teachers and students, because students only carry one book that contains a variety of subjects. Weak concept is very pronounced in mathematics. In integrated math into the thematic lessons, however, mathematics remains one of the subjects tested on a final school examinations. Teachers are preparing for the final exam had to work hard to repeat concepts ranging from grade 1 to grade 5. Therefore, it is necessary for teachers of proven strategies so that the material presented can be accepted students well. This research purposed to describe the application of contextual learning using math workbook. This study uses qualitative research with 30 research subjects third grade elementary school students in SDN Gandang I Malang. Data collection technique used documentation techniques and tests. Data analysis technique used qualitative descriptive analysis. After implementing the learning using the workbook, the average repeat is 86.96, the lowest score and the highest score each are 70 and 100. Based on the results obtained, contextual workbook that directly relate to the theme 7 that the energy source can be applied to the study of mathematics the third class at SDN Gadang I Malang
AN INTERPRETIVE STUDY OF THE COMMUNICATION NEEDS OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
Authors: Poedjiastutie Dwi , Naidi Warnanda Kharisma , Saputro Teguh Hadi , Hima Aninda Nidlomil
Published: December 2017

At English Department (ED) UMM, students learn communication for General Purposes (GE) and the generality of the communication materials very much depend on the teachers’ decisions. In other words, teachers can decide any topics and materials depending on the communication books they possessed and read. Even so, many of them by the end of their study period are still not able to speak English fluently. This research is to provide information needed for the curriculum development and classroom instruction through Needs Analysis (NA). The research questions for this study cover (1) what communication skills and competence are expected by ED UMM students? To answer the following questions, an interpretive research paradigm will be employed in the proposed research. In an interpretive research paradigm, theories are constructed from the data rather than theories preceding the data. The data in this research is the participants’ goals, reasons, motives, feelings, perspectives, and assumptions and these participant perspectives will be viewed through the lens of their cultural contexts. This approach uses three-stage data collection and analysis, namely: FGD (focus-group interview) with ED students. The findings showed:
PENGARUH MEDIA LKS BERBASIS MODEL TAKE AND GIVE TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPA SISWA KELAS V SD NEGERI JABUNG 01 KEC.JABUNG KAB.MALANG
Authors: Prabawati Rizky Nadya , Yayuk Erna , Kuncahyono Kuncahyono
Published: December 2017

Abstract: The existence of students’ Natural Science worksheets use as a media for doing exercises and being sources all at once. Uneffective tool of study for users, because of an incomplete material in students worksheets. This research aims to discover the impact of students worksheet media with take and give basis to natural science study results on fifth grade students in SD Negeri 1 Jabung, Jabung subdistrict Malang regency, and the total amount of the effect using students worksheet with take and give based model. This study used quantitative research approach and the type of this study was experimental study with true experimental design. The sample collection technique was simple random sampling. As a data population, the researcher choosen V grades students of SDN 1 Jabung , Jabung subdistrict, Malang regency with academic year of 2016/2017 amounted to 44 students. As an experimental class, the researcher choosen VB class as much as 23 students and VA class as a control class with the total students as much as 21 students. The result of the study shown that (1) in the hypothesis test which use t-test, the result is 0.032 with the significance 5%. It can be seen that the significant value (2-tailed) ˂ 0,05 means that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. (2) the total amount of the effect using students worksheet with take and give based model toward the result of IPA (Natural Science) study had a significant influece as much as 47,9%.Keywords: Effect, student worksheet, Take and Give, IPA (Natural Science) study resultAbstrak: Keberadaan LKS IPA digunakan sebagai media untuk mengerjakan soal sekaligus sebagai sumber belajar. Penggunaannya masih belum efektif sebagai sarana pembelajaran, karena materi yang terdapat dalam LKS dirasa belum lengkap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh media LKS berbasis model take and give terhadap hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas V SD Negeri Jabung 1 Kec.Jabung Kab.Malang, dan besar pengaruh penggunaan media LKS berbasis model take and give. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif dan jenis penelitian eksperimen dengan desain true experimental design. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling . Sebagai populasi data, dipilih siswa kelas V SD Negeri Jabung 1 Kec.Jabung Kab.Malang tahun ajaran 2016/2017 yang berjumlah 44. Yang terpilih menjadi kelas eksperimen yaitu kelas VB dengan jumlah 23 siswa dan kelas kontrol yaitu kelas VA dengan jumlah 21 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunujukkan (1) pada uji hipotesis yang menggunakan uji t, hasilnya sebesar 0,032 dengan taraf signifikan 5%. Terlihat bahwa nilai Sig.(2-tailed) < 0,05 sehingga Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. (2) besar pengaruh penggunaan LKS berbasis model take and give terhadap hasil belajar IPA memberikan kontribusi sebesar 47,9% .Kata Kunci: Pengaruh, Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS), Take and Give, Hasil Belajar IPA
Estudo e Modelagem dos Efeitos da Forma e do Crescimento em Processos de Formação de Padrões de Pelagem via Reação-Difusão
Authors: Mesquita Davi Padilha , Walter Marcelo
Published: December 2017

Modelos de reação-difusão são amplamente usados na simulação de formação de padrõesem seres vivos, sendo aplicados tanto como explicação destes fenômenos quantopara a geração de texturas em computação gráfica. No entanto, poucos estudos levamem conta a influência da forma da superfície sobre o padrão resultante. Neste trabalhorealizamos simulações com o modelo de reação-difusão não-linear de Turing emsuperfícies bidimensionais utilizando diferentes parâmetros e formatos de superfície.Nossos resultados mostram que a forma possui um efeito relevante sobre o padrão finalresultante, permitindo a transição de pintas para listras, a alteração da estabilidadee da robustez do sistema, e a obtenção de padrões geometricamente regulares.
Kuluttajapotentiaalia myymässä: Kuluttajatypologiat MTV:n mainosmyynnissä 1990-luvulla
Authors: Kannisto Maiju
Published: December 2017

Miten tavaratuotanto ja tuotteiden mainonta vaikuttavat televisiotuotantoon? Kaupallisen television ansaintalogiikka on kaksivaiheinen: televisio tuottaa sisältöjä houkuttelemaan katsojia, joita se myy mainostajalle tuotteiden potentiaalisina kuluttajina. Tässä mediahistoriallisessa artikkelissa analysoidaan, miten ja mitä MTV myy mainostajille eli miten kuluttajaa määritellään ja arvotetaan myytävänä tuotteena. MTV rakensi 1990-luvulla mainosmyynnissään yleisöstä tuotteita luokittelemalla heitä erilaisiksi segmenteiksi ja kuluttajatyypeiksi. MTV:n mainostajille ja mainostoimistoille suunnattuja Media Manager -mediaoppaita ja tutkimusjulkaisuja analysoidessani havaitsin aineistosta arvoja ja ihanteita 1990-luvun kulutuskulttuurista. Kuluttaja alettiin nähdä entistä yksilöidympänä massa-ajattelun sijaan, kun yksilökeskeisyyden arvo nousi kilpailutalouden ja uusliberalistisen ideologian myötä.

 Analyysini tuloksena havaitsin, että kiinnostavimpia kohderyhmiä yhdistivät 1990-luvulla hyvän ostovoiman lisäksi nuoruus, edelläkävijyys ja aktiivisuus. Brändien ja nuorten kohderyhmän nousu kytkeytyvät globalisoituvaan halpatuotantoon, jossa tuotteita myydään myös immateriaalista arvoa tuottamaan elämäntavan ilmaisemiseksi. Katsojien rakentaminen myytäviksi tuotteiksi asettaa kuluttajien maun ja elämäntyylit tiettyihin markkinoinnin tarkoituksiin sopiviin ja kulutusvalintojen määrittämiin kategorioihin, jotka rakentavat kulutusyhteiskunnan valtarakenteita.
Lipeä yllätti Talvivaaran: Onnettomuuden narratiivi ja onnettomuuskehys kaivoskirjoittelussa
Authors: Harju Aki , Karvonen Erkki
Published: December 2017

Onnettomuudet ovat tyypillisesti olleet ympäristöjournalismin keskeisiä aktivoijia. Ympäristökirjoittelun rajautumista onnettomuustapahtumien käsittelyyn on pidetty journalismin kehittymättömyyden merkkinä. Artikkelissa tutkitaan, miten onnettomuuksien kaltaiset tapahtumat vaikuttavat suomalaisen kaivoskirjoittelun määrään ja sisältöön sekä tarkastellaan onnettomuustilanteita selittävän onnettomuuden kehyksen esiintymistä ja rakentumista neljän suomalaisen sanomalehden Talvivaaraa ja Kevitsaa käsittelevässä kirjoittelussa. Tarkkarajaisen onnettomuustapahtuman käsittelyyn pelkistyvää tarinalinjaa kutsutaan artikkelissa onnettomuusnarratiiviksi. Onnettomuusnarratiivi voi paradoksaalisesti olla toimijalle myönteinen käsitteellistämistapa, sillä onnettomuuksiin usein liitettävä yllätyksellisyys vähentää toimijan vastuuta tapahtumien kehittymisessä. Onnettomuuksia aiheuttavat odottamattomat tapahtumat näyttäytyvät herkästi teknisten häiriöiden tai luonnonolojen seurauksena, mikä vähentää ympäristöongelmien poliittista luonnetta ja voi rajata ongelmien määrittelyn ja ratkaisun teknisten asiantuntijoiden etuoikeudeksi. Artikkeli osoittaa, että onnettomuus on yhä keskeinen ympäristöuutisoinnin käynnistäjä ja jäsentäjä. Onnettomuuden kaltaiset poikkeustilanteet kasvattivat kaivoksiin liittyvän lehtikirjoittelun määrää enemmän kuin muut toiminnan vaiheet. Tämä tukee havaintoa ympäristöjournalismin syklisyydestä. Yllättävinä näyttäytyvät tapahtumat virittivät paitsi onnettomuusnarratiiviin ja siihen limittyviin saavutus- ja päätöksentekodiskursseihin pohjautuvia kehyksiä, myös muita, toimijan kannalta kielteisempiä käsitteellistämistapoja. Vaikka mediahuomion lisääntyminen ja kielteisten puhetapojen aktivoituminen kasvattivat tietoisuutta toimialan ongelmista, kaivosonnettomuuksien mediakäsittely ei kontekstualisoinut ongelmia kansalaisten vaikutuspiiriin.