bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance of accredited social health activists for maternal health component of their job responsibility in a rural block of Sonipat district of Haryana: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Singhal Parul , Majra J. P. , Jha S. K.
Published: March 2020

Background: Accredited social health activists (ASHAs) play an inevitable role in universal healthcare provision. Improving maternal health has been essential element for achieving health for all. ASHAs and their activity are considered as the one of the key components of national health mission. This study was conducted to assess the performance of ASHAs for maternal health component of their job responsibility in rural block of juan, Sonipat district of Haryana.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among all ASHAs in rural block of juan, Sonepat district of Haryana between April 2018 to March 2019. Pretested semi-structured interview schedule was used to collect the data. The activity wise as well as cumulative incentive received by the ASHAs for the previous six months was used for study purpose. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 22.Results: All the ASHAs prepared the monthly list of pregnant women. Almost all (97.9%) ASHAs registered the pregnant women up to 12 weeks and all of three antenatal check-ups within concerned trimester and 95.9% ASHAs involved in HBPNC cases. Total incentive earned by ASHAs in maternal health components was ranging from Rs. 950-12150, average incentive earned was Rs. 4982 during the period of six month.Conclusions: There is a huge variation in the incentive earned by in maternal health component by the ASHAs. Further more than half of the ASHAs have not accompanied the pregnant women to the institutional delivery.
Self-medication among Alexandria University students and effect of an educational intervention on their self-medication knowledge, attitudes and practices
Authors: Hanafy Sara A. , Gad Zahira M. , El Bourgy Mohamed D. , Wahdan Iman H.
Published: March 2020

Background: Self-medication (SM) among university students is a growing prevalent public health concern worldwide. It is highly prevalent in developing countries. SM leads to serious consequences such as drug misuse/abuse and adverse drug reactions. The study aims to determine the prevalence of SM among university students in Alexandria, Egypt and to assess the effect of an educational intervention on their SM knowledge, attitudes and self-reported practices (KAP).Methods: The study was conducted among 400 students using a cross sectional approach followed by one group pre/post-test intervention approach. Data were collected using an interviewing questionnaire. A health education program was designed and implemented among students then KAP were reassessed using the same questionnaire.Results: The prevalence of SM was estimated to be 79.5% among Alexandria University students. About one quarter (24.5%) of students had poor level of knowledge about SM and 47.5% had positive attitude towards SM. Logistic regression analysis revealed that father's occupation as clerical, family member working as healthcare professional, medication sharing practice, and total SM knowledge score were the significant independent factors that affected SM. There were significant differences between pre and post intervention KAP scores.Conclusions: The prevalence of SM is high among university students. There is a significant effect of the intervention program on KAP about SM.
Effect of Pasteurization on Chemical and Functional Properties of Xoconostle (Opuntia joconostle) Juice
Authors: Gómez-Covarrubias S.I. , Rivera-Cabrera F. , Mendoza-Gastelum J.I. , Oidor-Chan V.H. , Aarland R.C. , Cruz-Sosa F. , Díaz de León-Sánchez F. , Mendoza-Espinoza J.A.
Published: March 2020

Background: The xoconostle (Opuntia joconostle Web.) plant is produced mainly in the Central Highlands region of Mexico. The main aim of this research was to determine the effect of pasteurization on chemical and functional properties of xoconostle juice.
Methods: Total Soluble Solids (TSS), pH, Titratable Acidity (TA), total phenolic and flavonoid content, betacyanins, betaxanthins, and reducing and non-reducing sugars contents were determined in both unpasteurized and pasteurized xoconostle juices. In vivo assay using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) was done in male rats to evaluate the anti-hyperglycemic effect of juice. Data were statistically analyzed using SigmaPlot.
Results: There was a meaningful increasing (p<0.05) in the pigment contents after the pasteurization process, as betacyanins and betaxanthins contents increased to 0.112 and 0.096 µg/g, respectively. In spite of pasteurized xoconostle, the unpasteurized group showed anti-hyperglycemic effects at 60 min of OGTT.
Conclusion: Pasteurization temperature had no adverse effect on the antioxidant activities of xoconostle fruit. Although fresh xoconostle juice revealed considerable anti-hyperglycemic properties in rats, this effect was not found in the pasteurized xoconostle juice.
Library Interior Design for Digital Native Generation
Authors: . Felecia , Halim Siana , Tulistyantoro Lintu , Wulandari Dian
Published: March 2020

Digital native held information in their hands through the gadget. Previous research to 460 respondents in six university libraries in Surabaya, Indonesia shows that overall quality of the library is excellent. However, it does not encourage them to come to the library. Therefore, library needs to facilitate digital native needs by repositioning as a community hub, a place where community interact, collaborate and learn. The library can also apply a hybrid library concept by adding digital collection through subscription or repository. Findings from previous research show that there are facilities need to be prioritized to encourage digital native to come: common rooms, discussion rooms, and books that support students’ academic needs. These facilities are re-arrange as a new library interior design. The method used to redesign the libraries are by conducting an interview with the users and questionnaires. It is found that each library visitors have different characteristic and preference, therefore the interior must be designed to accommodate those need.
Keywords: Community hub; digital-friendly library; library attractivity
Solving a Real Problem in Plastic Industry: A Case in Trim-loss Problem
Authors: Renata Ivan , Halim Siana , Nugroho Yahya Bernardo
Published: March 2020

In this paper, a cutting plane model is presented for solving a problem in a cast polypropylene (CPP) plastic film manufacturer. The company produces plastic rolls from plastic pellets with widths ranging from 3 050 mm to 3 250 mm. The plastic rolls are trimmed according to customer’s orders. In prior to the trimming process, the production planning and inventory control (PPIC) department scheduled the machines and arranged the plastic trim compositions manually. In this work, the plastic trimming problem is solved by applying the trim loss model. Since trimmed loss problem is an NP-hard problem. In this case, the permutations are selected in advance so that the total length is feasible to the machine length. The computation is carried out using visual basic for application (VBA). The model outcomes are then used for optimizing the machine scheduling process. Modified earliest due date is proposed to schedule in which machines customer’s orders should be done. The machines scheduling represents the company conditions and the cutting production can be scheduled for daily basis.
Keywords: cutting plane; cutting stock; earliest due date; machine scheduling; non-polinomial-hard problem.
The Effect of Time Management in Shadow Puppet Performance on the Audience Satisfaction
Authors: Basuki Ribut , Dwi Setiawan Dwi , Joko Riyanto Theophilus , Jiwa Husada Tarigan Zeplin
Published: March 2020

Indonesia has one of the greatest diversities in the world as reflected by its many cultures, languages, customs, and beliefs. This diversity can be easily seen in the East Java region which, despite its Javanese ethnic majority, is also populated by other ethnics, sub ethnics, and mixed groups. Shadow puppet theatre is a form of public attraction long existing in Java, even before the era of the Majapahit Empire. It is usually performed at night and takes a considerable time. In this multidisciplinary paper,  it is hypothesized that good time management will increase audience satisfaction and in turn contribute to the sustainability of the theatre and Javanese culture. Based on the analysis of the survey, using partial least square by java web start program, it is found that, first, shadow puppet attraction positively affects to time management as 0.720. Further, the attraction leads to audience satisfaction as 0.558. Lastly, time management affects audience satisfaction as 0.258.
Keywords: audience satisfaction; wayang attraction; wayang time management.
The Design and the Use of Management Control System in Developing Organizational Learning
Authors: Elsye Hatane Saarce , Lesmanaputri Evelin , Jesslyn Prajnawati Firman Joan , Lisayani Wijaya Vanny
Published: March 2020

The concept of management control system and organizational learning has drawn the attention of many parties as they began to learn the importance of these tools in organizational sustainability. MCS help to ensure that problem is detected and appropriate decision are made, fundamental changes resulting from correcting the problem will promote organizational learning. The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between the design and the use of management control system in developing organizational learning. More specifically, the study focuses on four elements of organizational learning, namely knowledge acquisition, information distribution, information interpretation, and organizational memory. Two research questions are investigated in this study: i) Does the design of MCS have an impact on the elements of OL? ii) Does the use of MCS influence the elements of OL? The result suggests that there is a positive influence between the design and the use of MCS with Organizational Learning. Use of MCS has more influence on Organizational Learning when compared to the Design of MCS. This is because design will be more meaningful when used and applied.
Keywords: control framework; information integration; knowledge acquisition; organizational memory; performance evaluation
The Impact of Supply Chain Collaboration in Logistic Service for Small Medium Enterprise in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Kempa Sesilya , Chandra Tanuwijaya Novia , Jiwa Husada Tarigan Zeplin
Published: March 2020

Fierce competition in the manufacturing field leads many manufacturing companies to shift their way of work. This shift was done by implementing supply chain management practices. The companies collaborate by implementing supply chain collaboration, including collaboration between Small Medium Enterprise (SMEs) and Third Party Logistic (3PL) where both parties share the benefits and risks. This study aims to examine the impact of supply chain collaboration on customer satisfaction through logistic services. The data were collected from SMEs engaged as 3PL partners in the East Java region with a total of 75 SMEs. The questionnaires were distributed on 60 SMEs in which further proceeded by 42 SMEs with a response rate of 70 %. PLS (Partial Least Square) was used to process the data with the following results: i) supply chain collaboration influenced service quality relational logistics at 0.790; ii) supply chain collaboration did not have a significant impact on operational logistics service quality; Third, relational logistics service quality had a significant impact on operational logistics service quality at 0.466 and customer satisfaction at 0.197; Fourth, operational logistics service quality had an impact of 0.600 on customer satisfaction.
Keywords: customer satisfaction factor; operational logistic service quality; relational logistic service quality; third party logistic
Design for Vendor Profile Data Management Improvement Solution in Direct Material Procurement PT. X
Authors: Octavia Tanti , Merryana Pranata Ong
Published: March 2020

PT.X is a multinational company in Indonesia which is engaged in the consumer goods. This research was conducted in one of department that support the process in PT. X that is direct material (DIM) Procurement department. One of DIM Procurement’s role is to manage vendor’s document and data profile. The data is used by DIM user for purchase order process, payment process and other various process in PT. X. DIM Procurement expects a more efficient and effective work system, so DIM can manage every process and also to better serve DIM user. The problem identification results show there are four main problems that occurred in the process of vendor profile data management. The main problems such as vendor data review process is not running effectively, the process of delivering information is not effective, the long processing time of update profile data, and the process is not transparent. Root causes analysis is conducted using five whys analysis method and the results show there are 19 root causes that occurred in the process of vendor profile data management. Digitalization is the overall solution that can fix the process of managing vendor profile data. Digitalization will change the initial process of delivering information from using e- mail, now using an online portal system called DIM Vendor Profile Management. DIM Vendor Profile Management system will connect each parties who involved in the process and improve the process to becoming more effective, efficient, and transparent.
Keywords: five whys analysis; root cause analysis; vendor profile management
Positive Economic Consequences of Flood in Spring 2019
Authors: Jafari A , Mehrabi Tavana A
Published: March 2020

At the beginning of new year in Iran) Nowruz 1398), the precipitation system has caused floods in the north, northwest, and south of the country. The system has affected 24 provinces, 213 cities, 209 districts, and 5900 villages in total. These rains have been occurring for several consecutive periods. The first period began on March 26, 2019 and involved Qom, Golestan, Ilam, and North Khorasan provinces. As a result, floods covered Aq Qala and Gomishan in Golestan province. The second period of rainfall, from 4 to 6 of April 2019， caused floods. The third period of rainfall began on April 11, 2019 and reached its peak in the following day. The positive aspects of the recent floods were discussed in this letter to editor.
An Optimization Algorithms-based Approach to District Health System Population Areas in Iran
Authors: Tayyebi Javad , Mostafayi Darmian Sobhan
Published: March 2020

Background: One of important subject in the operations' management fields is partitioning matter that was investigated in the study. This topic has recently received more attention from researchers of the healthcare management systems' field. This subject is important because planning about improvement of the healthcare system structure is considered as one of the most important management problems in each society. The goal of solving this problem was to district a society into several areas, so that each area can cover its  health services completely.
Methods: This fundamental-applied study was conducted based on the Genetic optimization algorithm, particle swarm, and differential evolution to improve the current structures with regard to the existing health structure in Iran. Moreover, the health system strategic model was applied to categorize the population regions into 10 partitions. According to nature of the investigated problem, the objective function is maximizing the equilibrium amount in each district. The constraints included exclusive assignment and not-existing unusual assignment. Unusual assignment is defined as existence of no contiguity and holes in partitions.
Results: According to the obtained results, the particle swarm algorithm had the most efficiency, while differential evolution had the lowest efficiency. However, the stated constraints were satisfied completely in all algorithms, which represented appropriate efficiency of the modified algorithm in the generation solutions.
Conclusion: The results obtained from solving this problem can be used as a useful tool in improving the existing healthcare system in Iran.
Identification of Effective Factors related to Implementation of Electronic Health Records in Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran
Authors: Sheikh Eslami Nader , Sardar Soheila , Abbasabadi Nahid
Published: March 2020

Background: With the advancement of science and emergence of new technologies for solving human health and medical problems, one of the most important applications of technology in the field of health care is creation of electronic health records. The purpose of this study was to determine the effective internal and external factors related to successful implementation of the electronic health records in Imam Khomeini Hospital of Tehran, Iran.
Methods: This descriptive-analytic research was carried out in 2018-2019. The statistical population consisted of 15 experts from Azad University of Tehran and Imam Khomeini Hospital selected by targeted sampling method. The main data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire designed to identify and rank the effective factors. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22, Excel, and Matlab software to perform a structural-interpretive approach.
Results: Based on the findings, 6 criteria were identified related to the internal factors affecting successful implementation of the electronic health records. These factors included education, culture, comprehensiveness, safety and confidentiality, constructive communication, and participation approved by experts. According to the experts, 4 criteria were identified as effective external factors: technology / Economic, social / cultural factors, management / structural factors and legal factors.
Conclusion: implementation of an electronic health record needs to take into educational, cultivation, comprehensiveness, safety & privacy, constructive communication, collaboration, technology / economic, social / cultural, management / structural, and legal factors.
Reviewing the Status and Experience of Outsourcing Policy in Healthcare: A review study
Authors: Ahmadizadeh Elahe , Tajvar Maryam , Ahmadi Batoul , Ahmadi Batoul
Published: March 2020

Background: Outsourcing is a method and tool for delivering services to increase effectiveness and efficiency. Regarding the outsourcing policies, identifying experiences and outsourcing records is essential. In this regard, the present study aimed at examining the status and experience of outsourcing policy in the health sector as a review study.
Methods: The present systematic review was carried out by searching Persian language articles from sources such as Magiran, SID, Hospital and Medical Education Magazines, Handouts, and Announcements and English language articles from sources indexed in Google scholar, PubMed, Scopus databases. The authors search for English and Persian language articles from 2000 until 2018. The following keywords were used in the search outsourcing, private sector, purchasing, contracting, public-private participation. A total of 25 articles were entered in the final analysis according to the inclusion criteria.
Results: Based on the results, outsourcing improves the quality, satisfaction of patients, and efficacy in most cases. The findings also suggested that outsourcing policies needed to be prescriptive and should be taken into consideration.
Conclusion: Hospitals should note that in the case of assigning a unit and transferring it to other parts not related to their expertise, it is not really possible to accept the transfer's general and absolute success in improving efficiency and effectiveness and reducing costs. The outsourcing policies need to relevant assumptions and requirements to succeed.
Benefits and Challenges of Policy Options in Rationing the Hospital Radiology Services: A Case Study
Authors: Jafari Hasan , Ranjbar Mohammad , Mahjoub Hamideh , Ghoshoni Hamed , Baghi Mohammad , Miankoohi Elham
Published: March 2020

Objective: In many countries, limiting the financial and budgetary resources is a challenge in the health system. One of the most costly parts of the health system is undoubtedly the radiology department of hospitals. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the benefits and challenges of the policies proposed for rationing hospital radiology services.
Information sources and selected methods for study: In this narrative or literature review study, Persian (SID, Magiran, Barkat Knowledge network system, Irandoc), and Latin (Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, ISI web of sciences) databases were searched. The applied keywords were radiology, rationing, distribution, priority setting, resource allocation, and policy brief. In the initial search, 145 articles were studied. Subsequently, after reviewing the titles and abstracts, 65 studies were selected and investigated. Finally, 44 related studies were thoroughly investigated. The inclusion criteria covered the studies in Persian or English. The exclusion criteria included the studies that did not have full texts. Our search included the studies conducted from 1/1/2000 to 1/1/ 2017.
Results: The present study examined the benefits and challenges of radiology services rationing. Policy options were presented at 3 levels of provider, organizational, and system. The provider level consisted of training clinical and non-clinical personnel to use and maintain the medical equipment and requiring the physicians to use clinical guidelines. The organization level included reviewing imaging tariffs, entering insurance in controlling supply and demand for radiology services, and assessing equipment by the Institute for Health Technology Assessment. The system level contained assignment of radiological services to the private sector.
Conclusion: As health care costs are rising and resources are increasingly constrained by ever-increasing demands, policy makers and officials can use the proposed solutions with regard to contextual conditions to design a rationing model. Services at the macro level of the health system and operationalization of the rationing process reduce the gap between supply and demand of the health services.
Effect of one Bout Continuous Versus Intermittent Aerobic Exercise on Plasma Levels of Intercellular Adhesion Molecules 1 and Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecules 1 in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Barzegari Ali , Asad Mohammad Reza , Ranjbar Hadigheh
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Adhesion molecules play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and the type of training may affect the response to these indicators. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of a continuous versus interval aerobic training session on plasma levels of intercellular adhesion molecules 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecules 1 (VCAM-1) in patients with coronary artery disease.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 9 women with coronary artery disease participated in pre-test and two stages of post-test design (interval and continuous). Continuing training program included running or walking for 30 minutes with an intensity of 60% of maximum heart rate. Therefore, interval training included 30 minutes of walking or running with variable intensity between 50% and 80% peak heart rate. ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 serum levels were measured in scale of ng/ml by ELISA. Results were analyzed by SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL; version 24 and repeated measures test were used at a significant level of P≤0.05.
Results: One session of continuous and interval training didn’t show significant differences in ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 serum levels. So that the ICAM-1 levels were obtained (233.6 ± 0.1) after continuous training and (230.4 ± 1) after interval training (P= 0.186). In addition, VCAM-1 levels were observed (163.3 ± 7.0) after continuous training and (194.8 ± 6.9) after interval training (P= 0.121).
Conclusion: One session of training stimulates inflammatory pathways in coronary artery disease patients. Based on the results of this study, the effect of continuous aerobic training on the levels of adherent molecules cannot be determined certainty and more research is needed.
Effect of 8 weeks of Aerobic Training on Genes Expression of Hypoxia Inducible Factor HIF-1α, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Angiostatin in Hippocampus of Male Rats with Wistar Model
Authors: Zarezadehmehrizi Aliasghar , Rajabi Hamid , Gharakhanlou Reza , Naghdi Naser , Azimidokht Seyed Mohammad Ali
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Many studies have been done about the effects of exercise on angiogenic inhibitor and stimulator factors in muscles, but few studies have examined the role of these factors in the brain especially the hippocampus. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of aerobic training on gene expression of HIF-1α, VEGF and angiostatin in hippocampus of male rats.
Methods: 18 adult male Wistar rats (190±10 gr) were randomly divided into 3 groups: control, sham and aerobic training. Ratsin the training group performed 8 weeks of aerobic training (5 sessions per week) on a treadmill. 24 hours after the last session of exercise, rats were decapitated and the hippocampus were carefully removed and rapidly frozen in liquid nitrogen, then stored at -80°C for further analysis. Real-Time-PCR method was used to measure the expression of genes in the hippocampus. The data were analyzed by SPSS 18 software. Comparisons between groups were performed by one-way ANOVA and followed by post-hoc analysis Tukey test. All statistically significant was set at P<0.05.
Results: The results showed aerobic training significantly increased mRNA levels of HIF-1α (P=0.001) and VEGF (P=0.001), but there was no significant difference in the mRNA levels of angiostatin (P=0.316).
Conclusion: According to the results of this study and changes in the levels of HIF-1α and VEGF, it seems aerobic training has helpful effects on brain especially on the hippocampus and this type of training is recommended for individuals.
Effect of Alcoholic Extract of Scrophularia Striata on Improving Spatial Memory in the Model of Crystal Meth Addiction in Male Rats
Authors: Hatami Somayyeh , Hatami Homeira , Sheikhzade Farzam , Dehghan Gholamrez
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Crystal meth by induction of free radical formation in brains cells and lipid peroxidation cause to the apoptosis. The aim of present study is to investigate the effect of extract of Scrophularia striataon spatial memory, lipid peroxidation and alteration of antioxidant enzymes levels.
Methods: In this experimental study, 42 male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups, including: sham (saline), crystal meth (10, 15 mg/kg), Scrophularia Striate extract (200 mg/kg) and pretreatment of Scrophularia (200 mg/kg) + crystal (10, 15 mg/kg). Induction of addiction was performed by intra peritoneal injection of crystal meth during 5 consecutive days. Morris Water Maze was used for analyzing spatial memory. The levels of oxidative stress enzymes were assayed. Instate 3 was used for data analysis and the statistical test was One- Way ANOVA following by Tukey posthoc test.
Results: Crystal meth reduced spatial memory (control: 18/59±6/34, crystal meth (10 mg/kg) 30/34±4/83, crystal meth (15 mg/kg): 59/98±0/77) (p<0.001). Pretreatment of Scrophularia improved the spatial memory (control: 18/59±6/34, Pretreatment of Scrophularia + crystal meth (10 mg/kg): 30/12±2/71, Pretreatment of Scrophularia + crystal meth (15 mg/kg): 50/43±0/51) (P<0.05). MDA, SOD and KAT levels increased in crystal meth group (P<0.05), but pretreatment of Scrophularia reduced the elevated level of MDA, SOD and KAT (P<0.05).
Conclusion: It seems pretreatment of Scrophularia improve spatial memory which has been reduced by crystal meth.
Evaluation of Patient's Dose and Estimate of Cancer Risk in Electrophysiology Studies and Ablation in Cath Lab Center of Afshar Hospital, Yazd, Iran
Authors: Bouzarjomehri Fatollah , Omidvar Fereshteh , Zare Mohammad Hossein , Nakhaeine Nejad Mashallah
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Today electrophysiology studies and ablation have been developed due to increasing arrhythmias disorder of heart. In these diagnostic – treatments methods, the use of fluoroscopy can be causes patient radiation dose, therefore evaluation of patient's absorbed dose is necessary to protection of the radiation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the absorbed dose in patients undergoing electrophysiology and cardiac ablation and to estimate their risk of cancer in Yazd Afshar Hospital.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study. In this study, the mean absorbed dose of referral patients for electrophysiology studies and ablation had been measured in the cat. Lab of Afshar Hospital, Yazd. The dosimeter had been used in this research was KAP meter, the M4 DIAMENTOR made in Germany that was able to measure dose-area product and time of the fluoroscopy. The patient effective dose was calculated by the PCXMC software from dose-area product.
Results: The mean dose-area in ablation and electrophysiology studies was respectively 153.34±105.32 and 5.62 14.88 Gy.cm2 and the radiation time range was recorded 3.32 to 68.65 minutes and 1.03 to 6.28 minutes, respectively. The mean effective dose of ablation and electrophysiology studies were respectively 16.38 and 1.65 mSv. The cancer risk per ten thousands of patients, who were under the ablation and electrophysiology examinations were estimated 13 and 1.3 people, respectively.
Conclusion: Increasing of patient dose due to ablation in this study relation to the other studies can be due to long old of image intensifier device.
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Adults in Yazd 2014-2015: Results of Yazd Health Study (Yahs)
Authors: Mozaffari-Khosravi Vida , Mirzaei Masoud , Mozaffari-Khosravi Hassan
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome is a series of disorders such as central obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, decreasing HDL, abnormal blood glucose and hypertension that ultimately lead to the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and other problems. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of this syndrome among adults in Yazd.
Methods: This study was performed using the data of the recruitment phase of "Yazd Health Study" (YaHS). More than 10,000 residents (aged 20-69 years) of Yazd Greater Area have participated in this prospective cohort study. Lifestyle data, disease history, and blood tests have been recorded. Sampling was cluster random based on the postal code of the residents of Yazd Greater Area. Out of the 10,000 participants in the study, approximately 4,000 people gave blood samples to the lab in the first phase and their data were used to calculate the syndrome. Metabolic syndrome was defined based on the ATP III criteria. Data were analyzed by SPSS Version 16.
Results: The overall prevalence of syndrome was 33.3%. The prevalence had a significant relationship with age, age over 40 years, reaching to the highest level of over 50%. The prevalence in women was 39.9%, more than men, with 25.9%. Frequency of abnormal components of the syndrome was respectively waist circumference or abdominal obesity (47.1%), diastolic or systolic blood pressure (43.7%), triglyceride (41.6%), HDL (39.5%) and fasting blood glucose (21.7). 67.5% and 91.7% of those with syndrome were obese or overweight, respectively.
Conclusion: The study showed that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, especially in women and those over 50 years old, is higher than other studies. General obesity, central obesity and hypertension are the most important components of metabolic syndrome in Yazd, which requires proper interventions.
Motivaciones desde la filosofía y la estética a la investigación creación artística en la educación superior
Authors: Martínez Plazas Mario Andrés
Published: March 2020

Las múltiples producciones teóricas y prácticas que en la actualidad emergen bajo la óptica de la investigación creación artística, alientan a indagar sobre la naturaleza de una modalidad de investigación que viene perfilándose desde finales del siglo XX. Para demarcar la forma en que la investigación creación se inserta en el seno de las producciones filosóficas y estéticas contemporáneas se va a exponer una triada de ideas compuesta por el nihilismo histórico, el perspectivismo nietzscheano y la hermenéutica, develando simultáneamente la articulación de dichos constructos teóricos con las dinámicas que impulsa la creación artística académica en la educación superior. Para finalizar y con el fin de aterrizar la reflexión en un plano más práctico, se compartirá una experiencia particular de formación en artes desde la que se resalta la capacidad de la investigación creación para organizar la comprensión de la actividad artística y la importancia de aplicar su singular metodología en los procesos de educación de pregrado en artes y humanidades.
La Metodología de análisis de la percepción ambiental de los niños en una comunidad periurbana
Authors: Suárez Arias Alba Leonilde , García Ferrandis Ignacio , Cardona Hernández Leidy Carolina
Published: March 2020

En el presente estudio se analizan las percepciones ambientales y sociales que tienen los niños y niñas de preescolar en el área periurbana de una comunidad educativa de Calarcá Quindío, Colombia, refiriendo tres categorías centrales, la natural, social y artificial en los contextos espacial, temporal y curricular, a partir del análisis del dibujo como alternativa didáctica y metodológica en los procesos de Educación Ambiental escolar.
El marco teórico del proyecto de investigación se sitúa en la Educación ambiental en el nivel preescolar, considerando su importancia para generar procesos de conocimiento, comprensión y apropiación del contexto y dar lectura desde una visión integral del ambiente.
A nivel metodológico se define un enfoque de carácter cualitativo, de tipo descriptivo-exploratorio, se utiliza el dibujo y la entrevista semiestructurada como instrumento, a fin de obtener con mayor profundidad la información sobre las percepciones que tienen los niños y las niñas sobre lo socio ambiental. Finalmente, el artículo presenta el análisis de los resultados a través de una matriz categorial que se sustenta desde la teoría fundamentada y permite conocer de manera sistemática y relacional las percepciones y significados de los sujetos participes en la investigación, a su vez, los hallazgos develan tendencias frente a cómo los infantes perciben y valoran su contexto, desde sus experiencias y la cotidianidad, expresadas a través del dibujo.
The Importance of Sample Weights and Plausible Values in Large-Scale Assessments
Authors: ARIKAN Serkan , ÖZER Ferah , ŞEKER Vuslat , ERTAŞ Güneş
Published: March 2020

International large-scale assessments such as PISA (The Programme for International Student Assessment), PIAAC (The Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies) and TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics Science Study), play a key role in determining educational policies besides their primary objectives of measuring, evaluating and monitoring the educational process. Therefore, it is critical to analyze the data gathered from the large scale assessments using scientifically accurate statistical methods as the results have the potential to influence millions of stakeholders through major policy changes. Analysis of these data that consists of hundreds of different genuine variables requires expertise and using specific methods. This study illustrates issues to be considered while analyzing PISA, PIAAC and TIMSS data by presenting relevant syntax and exemplifying the possible incorrect results that might be encountered. In Turkey, there are very limited courses that focus on large scale data analysis. Workshops are also very limited to reach major groups. The aim of this study is to raise awareness related to sample weights and plausible values. Comparative findings of the study showed that without using sample weights and plausible values there is a high probability to get incorrect results. In this study, t-test and multiple regression analyses conducted by IDB Analyzer and multilevel regression analysis by Mplus were exemplified.
Cesarean Section and Maternal-fetal Mortality Rates in Nigeria: An Ecological Lens into the Last Decade
Authors: Galadanci Hadiza , Dongarwar Deepa , K Wolfgang , Shittu Oladapo , Yusuf Murtala , Abdurrahman Sadiq , Lufadeju Dolapo , Salihu Hamisu M.
Published: March 2020

Background or Objectives: Despite the global decline in maternal mortality within the last decade, women continue to die excessively from pregnancy-related complicationsin developing countries. We assessed the trends in maternal mortality, fetal mortality and cesarean section (C-Section) rates within 25 selected Nigerian hospitals over the last decade.

Methods: Basic obstetric data on all deliveries were routinely collected by midwives using the maternity record book developed for the project in all the participating hospitals. Trends of C-Section Rates (CSR), Maternal Mortality Rates (MMR), Fetal Mortality Rates (FMR) and Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery rates (SVD) were calculated using joinpoint regression models.

Results: The annual average percent change in CSR was 12.2%, which was statistically significant, indicating a rise in CSR over the decade of the study. There was a noticeable fall in MMR from a zenith of about 1,868 per 100,000 at baseline down to 1,315/100,000 by the end of the study period, representing a relative drop in MMR of about 30%. An average annual drop of 3.8% in FMR and 1.5% drop in SVD over time were noted over the course of the study period.

Conclusion and Global Health Implications: We observed an overall CSR of 10.4% and a significant rise in CSR over the 9-year period (2008-2016) of about 108% across hospital facilities in Nigeria. Despite the decrease in MMR, it was still high compared to the global average of 546 maternal deaths per 100 000 livebirths. The FMR was also high compared with the global average. The MMR found in this study clearly indicates that Nigeria is far behind in making progress toward achieving the Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SGD 3) which aims to reduce the global MMR to less than 70 per 100 000 live births by 2030.

Key words: • Cesarean section • Maternal mortality • Fetal mortality • Spontaneous vaginal delivery • Trends in MMR • Nigeria

 

Copyright © 2020 Galadanci et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Com - mons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Nachhaltigkeit von E-Learning-Innovationen: Von der Pionierphase zur nachhaltigen Implementierung
Authors: Seufert Sabine , Miller Damian
Published: March 2020

In den letzten Jahren wurden an den meisten Hochschulen im In- und Ausland E-Learning-Projekte in die Wege geleitet. Nach den Projekt- und Impulsprogrammen folgen die Konsolidierungsphasen. Schon während der Projektphasen zeigen sich Problemgruppen, die darauf verweisen, dass E-Learning nicht «nur» eine Angelegenheit der Pädagogik und Didaktik ist. Der erste Teil des Aufsatzes benennt einzelne dieser Problemfelder. Der zweite Teil zeigt auf, dass E-Learning die Hochschulen als Ganzes betrifft, und unterbreitet ein Rahmenkonzept, in dem gezeigt wird, wie die benannten Probleme bei der Implementierung von E-Learning vermieden werden können.
Wie können Motivation, Lerninteresse und Lernverständnis im E-Learning gefördert werden?
Authors: Paschke Melanie , Lindemann-Matthies Petra , Eichenberger Susann , Brandl Helmut
Published: March 2020

VIRT.UM (Virtuelle Umweltwissenschaften)1 ist eine internetbasierte Lernumgebung, die Studierenden die Grundlagen der Umweltwissen- schaften vermitteln soll. VIRT.UM hilft den Studierenden sich auf das obligatorische Eintrittsgespräch vorzubereiten, das Vorbedingung für das Studium der Umweltwissenschaften ist. VIRT.UM integriert Mehrwert- komponenten des Lernens mit den neuen Medien: Visualisierungen und praktische Beispiele aus den Umweltwissenschaften demonstrieren den Lernstoff. Naturwissenschaftliche Grundlagen werden mit Fallbeispielen aus den Umweltwissenschaften vernetzt, um das Lerninteresse der Stu- dierenden zu fördern. VIRT.UM unterstützt unterschiedliche Lernstile: Es existieren die inhaltlich redundanten Lernkanäle «Lesen» (Textmodule), «Sehen» (Flash-Animationen) und «Machen» (Interaktive Übungen, Tests). In einer Evaluation mit 55 Studierenden der Umweltwissenschaften wurde nach Motivation, Interesse, Verständnis des Lernstoffes und Lern- präferenzen gefragt. 32 Fragebögen konnten ausgewertet werden. Es zeigte sich, dass ein Grossteil der Studierenden stark motiviert war, mit VIRT.UM zu lernen. Motivierte Studierende haben sehr viel mehr Zeit mit VIRT.UM verbracht als nicht motivierte Studierende. Dies ist z.T. auf den Neuheitseffekt zurückzuführen. Es zeigte sich aber, dass nur echtes Interesse an den in VIRT.UM vorgegebenen Themen zu einem Verständnis des Lernstoffes führte und zwar unabhängig von der Lernmotivation. Lernzufriedenheit dagegen stellte sich ein, wenn die Studierenden am Ende des Arbeitens mit VIRT.UM wussten, was prüfungsrelevant ist. Durch das Visualisieren der Inhalte mit Hilfe von Flash- Animationen und das Demonstrieren an umweltwissenschaftlichen Beispielen wurde das Lerninteresse der Studierenden erhöht.
"Barrierefreiheit" und Heterogenität - eine erweiterte Perspektive auf Zugänglichkeit und Nutzung Neuer Medien
Authors: Schröder Joachim , Wenning Norbert
Published: March 2020

Das politische Konzept der Barrierefreiheit zielt auf die Gestaltung Neuer Medien – insbesondere des Internets. Es ist eine Reaktion auf deren Bedeutungszuwachs sowie auf die Wahrnehmung eines anhaltenden, konstruktionsbedingten Ausschlusses von deren Nutzung, vor allem von bestimmten Gruppe Behinderter. Dies gilt in vergleichbarer Weise aber ebenso für weitere soziale Gruppen. Für das Ziel einer realen Nutzung dieses Mediums durch alle ist es sinnvoll, es als sozialen Raum zu interpretieren, in dem bestimmte Bedingungen zur Teilhabe herrschen und der sozial differenzierende Wirkungen hat.
Logfile-Analysen: Möglichkeiten und Grenzen ihrer Nutzung bei Untersuchungen zur Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion
Authors: Priemer Burkhard
Published: March 2020

Die Aufzeichnung der Computernutzung in automatisch generierten elektronischen Protokollen – so genannten Logfiles – entwickelt sich zu einer zunehmend genutzten Erfassungsmethode bei Untersuchungen der Interaktion zwischen Mensch und Computer. Dieser Beitrag bietet einen einführenden Überblick über Verfahren der Logfile-Aufzeichnung und der Analyse der Daten. Neben einer Erläuterung der Begrifflichkeiten werden sowohl Vor- und Nachteile von Logfile-Auswertungen als auch grundlegende Methoden, mathematische Beschreibungen des Nutzerverhaltens und Ansätze der Typisierung von Nutzeraktivitäten dargestellt.
Konzeption, Implementation und Evaluation von Online-Seminaren in der universitären, erziehungswissenschaftlichen Ausbildung
Authors: Pieter Andrea , Schiefner Mandy , Strittmatter Peter
Published: March 2020

Eine Vielzahl von Gründen sprechen für den Einsatz von Online-Seminaren in der universitären Lehre: Beispielsweise ermöglichen Online-Seminare eine Erweiterung des Veranstaltungsspektrums, eine Ausweitung der Wissensvermittlung sowie temporäre und örtliche Flexibilität. Daneben sollte darauf geachtet werden, dass die Didaktik, die diesen Seminaren zu Grunde liegt, einen Schwerpunkt im Entwicklungsprozess bildet. Im diesem Beitrag werden exemplarisch zwei Seminare aus dem Hochschulbereich dargestellt, die diesen Anforderungen in ihrem konzeptionellen Aufbau gerecht werden wollen und hinsichtlich ihrer Akzeptanz überprüft wurden.
Wissensmanagement und Medienbildung - neue Spannungsverhältnisse und Herausforderungen
Authors: Reinmann Gabi
Published: March 2020

Begrifflichkeiten schaffen Bewusstsein, haben Wirkungen auf Denken und Handeln und können Zielsetzungen von morgen beeinflussen. Der vorliegende Beitrag möchte der Frage nachgehen, welche Funktion der Begriff des Wissensmanagements in pädagogischen Kontexten hat und künftig haben wird, welche Chancen und Risiken davon ausgehen und in welchem Verhältnis er zum Begriff der Medienbildung steht oder stehen könnte.
Media and Processes of Identity Formation in the Context of Migration
Authors: Ernst Katharina , Moser Heinz
Published: March 2020

In a highly industrialized and media-saturated country like Switzerland children of all origins are strong multimedia users. Switzerland has one of the highest proportions of migrants in Europe: About 20,5 percent of the population are of migrant origin. So far, media research in Switzerland focussing on children and young people has paid no special attention to the extent the cultural background may influence the media use, i.e. whether the media play a specific function in processes of identity-formation for these children. More detailed and qualified information on this topic is of interest when faced with the fact that the social background is still one of the key determinants of a successful career in our society. This paper will discuss first findings of a project focussing on the impact of the cultural background on the media use of children with a migrant background in Switzerland.
Vom Hochschulseminar zum interdisziplinären E-Lehrverbund
Authors: Remmele Bernd , Stingl Benjamin
Published: March 2020

Die Nutzung von Formen des E-Learning an Hochschulen muss im Zusammenhang mit den traditionellen Lehrformen bewertet werden. Wir schlagen vor, dass der Gebrauch von digitalen Medien und Kommunikationswerkzeugen im akademischen Unterrichtsbereich nicht unabhängig von der komplexen Lernstruktur des klassischen Seminars betrachtet wird. Zuerst verlangt dies eine Analyse des gemeinschaftlichen Aufbauprozesses von Wissen. Nur vor diesem Hintergrund kann dann das didaktische Potential der entsprechenden medientechnischen Gestaltungen bewertet werden. Mit Erfahrungen aus dem bundesweiten Lehrverbund RION sollen Möglichkeiten, Probleme und Vorzüge eines didaktischen Designs, das auf Zusammenarbeit fokussiert, veranschaulicht werden.
Neue Freunde durch neue Medien? Die Bedeutung computervermittelter Kommunikation für männliche Jugendliche
Authors: Straub Ingo
Published: March 2020

Betrachtet man einschlägige Untersuchungen zum Mediennutzungsverhalten, zeigt sich, dass in der Regel von männlichen und weiblichen Mediennutzungspraxen gesprochen und damit implizit davon ausgegangen wird, dass es sich bei Männern und Frauen, Jungen und Mädchen um monolithische Blöcke handelt, die in sich weitgehend homogen bestimmte Medien nutzen oder nicht nutzen. Die Gegenüberstellung der beiden Genus-Gruppen ist oftmals mit stereotypen Dichotomisierungen verbunden, die sich beispielsweise in Schlussfolgerungen niederschlagen, dass vor allem Mädchen zu kommunikativen Tätigkeiten wie Chatten und E-Mailen tendieren, während Jungen verstärkt Interesse an Spielen, Programmieren und am Download von Dateien zeigen. Anhand empirischer Analysen soll verdeutlicht werden, dass innerhalb der Gruppe der männlichen Jugendlichen, die sich in jugendkulturellen Szenen bewegen, Differenzierungen feststellbar sind, die in landläufigen Untersuchungen unberücksichtigt bleiben. Der Beitrag konzentriert sich dabei auf diejenigen Textpassagen innerhalb der Gruppendiskussionen, in denen das Thema computervermittelte Kommunikation von den Jugendlichen (meist auf alltagsweltliche Art und Weise) behandelt wird.