bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting Academic Performance of BS Students in Mansehra City (Pakistan)
Authors: Gul Nimra , Bibi Muqdas , Amjad Bilal Muhammad , Ilyas Saima , Saba Nosheen , Hussain Khan Irfan
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the factors affecting the academic performance of BS students in Mansehra city. To make a relationship between social factors, parental factors, family background, basic facilities, economic factors, human resources, peer factors, demographic factors, gender and culture, institutional background, and student’s academic performance, the study used correlation analysis. Firstly, the reliability of the research instrument was established, and a proportionate random sampling technique was used to select the sample. Data was collected through closed ended questionnaires, and a sample size of 200 was drawn from three colleges in Mansehra city. The frequency analysis revealed that the sample comprises 75 percent female and 25 percent male students, and they belong to the 17-24 years age group. 95% of students show a parental educational background, which encourages children’s education. 92% of students' family income is essential to continuing their studies, and 98% of respondents think that human resources affect the student’s performance. The result from the regression model shows a significant relationship between social factors, parental factors, family background, basic facilities, economic factors, human resources, and the students' performance. In contrast, other factors like peer factors, demographic factors, gender and culture, and institutional background have an insignificant effect on the model. Any institution paying attention to students from low socioeconomic backgrounds could develop a support system for students by identifying financial aid and student loan schemes.
Personal Growth Initiative, Resilience and Psychological Wellbeing in Young Adults of Pakistan
Authors: Asif Areej , Yasin Huma , Iqrar Laraib
Published: March 2024

This study determined the link between personal growth initiative, resilience, and psychological well-being among young adults in the uncertain social context of Pakistan. N= (300), aged between 19 and 30 years, were recruited from different universities in Lahore, Pakistan. A convenience sampling methodology was adopted for the survey. The results demonstrated that personal growth initiative and resilience predicted and positively correlated with psychological well-being. This study found no significant differences in the basis of gender between male and female adults in terms of personal growth initiative and resilience. Therefore, a difference of moderate practical significance was shown for psychological well-being between male and female students. This study contributes to the literature and body of knowledge on personal growth initiative, resilience, and psychological well-being through the lens of uncertainty posed by the social context of Pakistan. It has the potential to enrich the discourse on developmental studies. Furthermore, the findings inform the development of effective interventions that could address the needs of young adults in maintaining their psychological well-being.
Pengaruh Penerapan Disiplin Kerja dan Produktivitas Kerja Terhadap Kinerja
Authors: Haliza Zahra Nur , Oktiani Nurvi
Published: March 2024

Dalam sebuah perusahaan memiliki sikap disiplin kerja dan produktivitas kerja sangat penting diterapkan oleh karyawan untuk meningkatkan kinerja kerja karyawan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh disiplin kerja dan produktivitas kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan PT. Aksara Buana. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif statistik dan metode pengambilan datanya meng­gu­nakan metode sampling non-probability dengan menggunakan penetapan sampel purposive sampling dan rumus slovin, sehingga dapat diperoleh jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 52 orang. Berdasarkan hasil analisis didapatkan bahwa disiplin kerja berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan, serta produktivitas kerja juga memiliki pengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan. Serta pada uji simultan didapatkan hasil yaitu baik disiplin kerja dan produktivitas kerja secara Bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan. Dengan demikian penerapan disiplin kerja dan produktivitas kerja pada karyawan PT. Aksara Buana harus lebih memperhatikan untuk meni­ngk­atkan kinerja karyawan.
Apotropaic Figurines from Nimrud (Calah) in the Australian Institute of Archaeology Collection
Authors: Siddall Luis R.
Published: March 2024

There are two clay figurines in the Australian Institute of Archaeology’s collection, which were excavated by the British School of Archaeology in Iraq in the 1953 season at Nimrud (ancient Calah/Kalḫu). The figurines were discovered in the foundations of the Burnt Palace and date approximately to the reign of Adad-nīrārī III (810–783 BCE). Their function was a part of an apotropaic ritual to protect places of residence from evil spirits and enemies. This paper aims to bring to light these figurines in the Institute’s collection by offering a descriptive catalogue and an explanation of their use in Assyrian magic for the journal’s readership.
The repatriation of the Will Rogers Collection to Gumbaynggirr country: A journey of cooperation and learning
Authors: Besley Joanne , Widders Richard
Published: March 2024

In March 2023 Elders of the Gumbaynggirr community welcomed back to country a collection of 331 stone artefacts, sourced from beaches near Coffs Harbour in the late 1960s, that had been in the keeping of the Australian Institute of Archaeology for several decades. This paper describes the course of events preceding this occasion, which were not straightforward. The repatriation was significant for the Gumbaynggirr community and highlighted the changing sensibilities about collecting Aboriginal cultural material and the challenges faced in securing the return of cultural material to communities. The repatriation was positive for all parties involved and justified the time and effort required to see the project through.
Lydia C. Carr, 2012 Tessa Verney Wheeler: Women and Archaeology before World War Two, Oxford: University Press ISBN 978- 0-19-964022-5, pp. 320, 23 in-text illustrations £51.
Authors: Davey Christopher J.
Published: March 2024

None
Assyrian Clay Hands from Nimrud in the Australian Institute of Archaeology
Authors: Siddall Luis R.
Published: March 2024

The AIA is home to three artefacts known in Assyriology and Near Eastern archaeology as ‘clay hands.’ These clay hands were included in Grant Frame’s 1991 catalogue of clay hands from Assyria, but their description is general and at the time of publication their where abouts was unknown. To bring these artefacts to light, this article provides a general overview of their nature and a descriptive catalogue.
Uncovering the Kingdom of Heaven: Archaeological Exploration and the Gospel of Matthew
Authors: Kitchen Merrill
Published: March 2024

The ‘Kingdom of God’ is a common term found in the New Testament Gospels as a descriptor of the reign of God, but the Gospel of Matthew uniquely and consistently replaces this term with the ‘Kingdom of Heaven.’ Interestingly, the mosaic art uncovered in a number of second to fifth century CE synagogues excavated over the last sixty years in Israel-Palestine also portray the heavens symbolically using the form of zodiacs and surrounding them with symbols of Israel’s ancient story. In particular, the story board of the mosaic floor of an excavated fifth-century CE synagogue in Zippori (Sepphoris) shows remarkable similarities with a narrative structure discernible within the Gospel of Matthew. This may point to a period of common cultural understanding, and even dialogue, between Rabbinic Judaism and Early Christianity.
G.R.H. Wright and the Restoration of Ancient Monuments
Authors: Balderstone Susan
Published: March 2024

G.R.H. Wright worked in the Middle East and India on the restoration of ancient monuments during a period when principles for conservation and restoration practice established in Europe following the Second World War began to evolve to accommodate the needs of fast-developing Asia. The paper describes his experience as he learned on the job in the Middle East and tried to forge his way through the cultural complexities in India providing an early illustration of the issues that have come to the fore in recent years regarding authenticity as it relates to reconstruction.
Judy Powell, 2013 Love’s Obsession: The Lives and Archaeology of Jim and Eve Stewart, Kent Town, South Australia: Wakefield Press, ISBN 978-1-74305-235-8, pp. xvi + 308, 8 pls, 1 map A$30.
Authors: Bourke Graeme F.
Published: March 2024

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Editorial
Authors: Davey Christopher J.
Published: March 2024

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The Old Women of Deir el-Medina
Authors: Janssen Rosalind
Published: March 2024

Older women – those aged over thirty – constituted a distinct age group at the ‘middle class’ workmen’s village of Deir el-Medina. Drawing on the rich textual material from the site, and placing it alongside gerontological theory, will enable us to consider and evaluate such aspects as demography, transferable women’s pensions, disinheriting one’s ungrateful children, the Wise Woman, and the worship of female ancestors. Being a woman and old at New Kingdom Deir el-Medina implied considerable rights, freedom, and even an authoritative status. This picture is in remarkable contrast to the ‘double jeopardy’ which sociologists tell us older women – the over fifties – are facing in today’s society through sexism and ageism.
Irving Finkel, 2014 The Ark Before Noah: Decoding the Story of the Flood, London: Hodder and Stoughton, ISBN 9781444757057, 421pp, 17 plates, many figures, £25.00.
Authors: Millard Alan
Published: March 2024

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Cor Notebaart 2012 Metallurgical Metaphors in the Hebrew Bible, Amsterdamse Cahiers voor Exegese van de Bijbel en zijn Tradities Supplement Series 9, Bergambacht: 2VM, ISBN 978-94-90393-06-9, pp iv + 369, USD 33.
Authors: Davey Christopher J.
Published: March 2024

None
Evangelical Theology, Biblical Archaeology and American Schools of Oriental Research’s continuing relevance
Authors: Arbino Gary P.
Published: March 2024

The relationship between theologically-centered biblical studies and archaeology has not always been smooth and American Schools of Oriental Research (ASOR) has often been involved in the debates. While methodological solutions have been regularly discussed, the theological impulses that give rise to the specific readings that archaeologists and historians find so very troubling have received little attention. This paper seeks to make a small contribution to that deficit by articulating the twin theological commitments of Authority and Inspiration and how these shape the conversation from the perspectives of Evangelicals and those utilizing Theological Interpretation. Five modest suggestions for archaeologists’ engagement with those theologically committed are offered.
A Babylonian Astronomical Diary in the Abbey Museum, Caboolture, Queensland
Authors: Zilberg Peter , Hunger Hermann , Siddall Luis R. , Strong Michael , Horowitz Wayne
Published: March 2024

The paper presents an edition of a Babylonian astronomical diary dated to the reign of Seleucus IV. The diary is dated on historic and astronomic grounds to 175 BCE and serves, thus far, as the earliest mention for the reinstatement of a royal representative over the Esagil temple in Babylon during the late Seleucid period.
KEP, KIM AND MT in primary teeth, in permanent teeth and mixed dentition
Authors: Alimani Jakupi Jetmire , E. Lindihana , D. Hakik , J. Adnan , Vojnika Drita
Published: March 2024

New scientific dental developments, in the last decades of the twentieth century and at the beginning of the XXI century provided high quality in dental treatment and higher percentage of restored teeth. Now as well, is very obvious that the dental problems cannot be solved only through application of therapeutic procedures. Considering the importance of the dental health, our purpose was dealing and collection of data around the role of the practice of the oral hygiene and the food quality in the maintenance of the oral health, the effect of KEP and the pH value of saliva, in comparison of published data from us on 2016. The purpose was realized by analyzing four research groups of the primary teeth, permanent teeth and mixed teeth with the control group, which consisted of student who followed schools where educative lessons for the oral health took place. All participants filled a questionnaire and were subject of additional clinical and lab analyses. The data of this study will help us to gain a real reflection on the frequency of the appearance of the caries in the territory of the Republic of North Macedonia; these data also can be of large help as a starting point on the creation of a new strategy for the systematic and preventive restoration.
MODEL PENGEMBANGAN STAF YANG EFEKTIF DI LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Maulidia Maulidia , Fatiati Nur Azizah , Mahbubi Ahmad Sulaiman
Published: March 2024

An effective staff development model in Islamic education\al institutions is crucial to improving the quality of education and achieving institutional goals. In this article, we will examine the key elements of creating an effective staff development model. Factors such as identification of training needs, improvement of pedagogical skills, and engagement in professional development activities were integral to the design of the model. Integrating Islamic values and an in-depth understanding of the context of Islamic education are important points in designing this model. Apart from that, leadership support, performance evaluation, and career development are also taken into account. It is hoped that this model can provide a solid foundation for developing quality staff in Islamic educational institutions so that they are able to make a positive contribution to the overall education of Muslims.
STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB BAGI ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS DI KELAS II SD ISLAM AL MADANI BANJARBARU
Authors: Yulidawati Rusma , Rahmatina Wilda
Published: March 2024

This study is a qualitative descriptive field study focusing on Arabic learning strategies for children with special needs with social communication disorders in grade II by SD Islam Al Madani Banjarbaru. The data in this study are data related to Arabic learning strategies for children with special needs and the data source is SD Islam Al Madani grade II Arabic language teachers and special tutors Banjarbaru. Data collection techniques include observation, interview, and note-taking. The results of this study in which Arabic teachers used Arabic learning strategies for children with social communication disorders in Grade II of Al Madani Islamic Primary School applied the CTL strategy and Collaborative learning strategy with an orientation towards teacher creativity and the use of diverse and creative media. The barriers that teachers face when teaching Arabic are the environment that does not support learning during the day as well as psychological and emotional factors for children with special needs when feelings of guilt and anxiety arise bad mood.
Effect of Growth Regulators In in vitro Propagation of Ixora spp.: An Short Review
Authors: Sivakumar P , Pavithra N , Ballolla Tejashwini , Vineeta M E , Selvaraj K S Vijai , Logeswaran J
Published: March 2024

Various factors that affect culture establishment, shoot growth, proliferation, and rooting of Ixora were discussed in this article. A stem segment with a node from Ixora coccinea was best suited as an explant. Micropropogation of Ixora involves culturing shoot tips on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of cytokinin. The use of cytokinin alone had a low effect on the shoot morphogenesis of Ixora. The results showed that a lot of calli be induced in MS medium with 2,4-D (2.0 mg/l), increased shoots, and a little callus were induced in medium MS with BA (1.0 mg/l) and NAA (0.2 mg/l). It also indicated that axillary buds of Ixora treated with NAA and IBA, using any substrate as support, allowed reaching optimal morphology development, ensuring the survival and rooting of the plants in 100%. The use of NAA encourages the initiation of the root and the number and length of roots after 25 days of culture. The basal application of auxin to the cuttings of treated shoots improves rooting. By sequential reculturing and subculturing, 15-20 usable shoots (more than 1cm length) could be produced from the 2-node shoot segments after 12–15 weeks of culture. Microcuttings taken from In vitro proliferated shoots were rooted on a half-strength MS medium containing NAA, IBA, and IAA (0.1–0.5 mg/l). 90% of the plantlets can be established under the conditions when transferred to a specially made plastic tray containing coco-peat as a potting mix.
Performance studies on jute genotypes (Corchorus olitorius L.) for screening fibre yield components and biotic stress factors under terai region of Province -1 Nepal
Authors: Karki Sujan , Timsina Govinda Prasad , Sharma Sabita
Published: March 2024

The present study was conducted to know the performance of growth, yield contributing parameters and stress tolerance factors of tossa jute genotypes at the farm of Jute Research Program, Itahari, Sunsari, Nepal during 2017 and 2018. A total of 11 tossa jute genotypes were sown in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Among the genotypes, JRO-524 produces highest plant height (322.97 cm), green fibre yields (17.26 t ha-1), green stick yields (17.97 t ha-1), dry fibre yields (2.73 t ha-1), dry sticks yield (6.31 t ha-1), whereas, genotypes SRP-7016 produces highest green plant yield (51.18 t ha-1) followed by JRO-524 (48.73 t ha-1). Respective of biotic stress factor, the genotype JRO-524 was found to be less susceptible against Bihar hairy caterpillar (5.68%), semilooper (5.25%) andmites (2.53 mites leaf-1). The genotype JRO-524 gave understanding superiority on growth, yield and yield contributing traits, and biotic stress tolerance.
Study the biochemical and molecular basis of ISR and plant growth promotion in maize under pathogenic stress condition of Rhizoctonia solani
Authors: Dubey Khushboo
Published: March 2024

Among the diseases, banded leaf and sheath blight incited by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani Kühn is one of the most widespread diseases of maize. The aim of present study was to evaluation of bioagents for plant growth promoting attributes in maize under pathogenic stress of Rhizoctonia solani. Five bioagents namely Bacillus licheniformis B-02, B. pumilus B-07, B. amyloliquefaciens B-16, B. subtilis B-20 and B. amyloliquefaciens UI were used for evaluation of biochemical and molecular basis of plant growth attributes in maize.  Among them, four strains viz., B. licheniformis B-02, B. pumilus B-07, B. amyloliquefaciens B-16, B. subtilis B-20 showed positive reaction for amylase, HCN, IAA, H2O2, Siderophore, ammonia, chitinase and protease production, starch hydrolysis and phosphate solubilization. Colonization of Bacillus spp. on the root surface and rhizosphere significantly increased total chlorophyll, carbohydrate and protein content were recorded in the plant leaves treated with B. subtilis B-20 and B. amyloliquefaciens B-16 after 30 and 45 days of sowing. The phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity proved highest in plants inoculated with B. subtilis B-20. Maximum and uniform lignin deposition in epidermis, vascular bundles and pericycle were observed in the maize plant leaf and sheath inoculated with B. amyloliquefaciens B-16. Increase in the plant growth promotion traits (shoot and root, increase fresh and dry weight of maize seedlings, increase number of nodes, internodes and leaves per plant) was recorded in the plants inoculated with B. licheniformis B-02 as compared to other Bacillus spp. treated plants after 30 and 45 days of sowing.
Sensory and color analysis of Arabic bread fortified with detoxified vetch
Authors: Chaker Khadijeh , HajjHussein Hassan , Tlais Sami , Al Khatib Ali
Published: March 2024

In this study, the substitution of wheat flour with vetch flour (Vicia sativa) at 10, 20 and 30 g -100 g were carried out to determine its influence on Arabic bread's color and sensory characteristics. Sensory evaluation was conducted for color, taste, texture, aroma, and overall acceptance. The acceptance of the color of crust and crumb was negatively affected as the level of vetch flour substitution increased in the blend. The commercial Arabic bread (T0) scored significantly higher than the vetch blends in almost every test. However, the judges found vetch substitutions up to 20% to be acceptable.
Leaf Rust: A Serious Disease of Wheat in Pakistan
Authors: Naurin Iram , Qaisar Ramsha , Jahan Saood , Ali Saqib , Aiman A
Published: March 2024

Wheat is one of the major crops and also staple food of many areas. It fulfils the basic nutrition requirements of people. Demand of food in directly proportional to increasing number of populations. But most of the time yield is decreased due to attack of diseases. Wheat leaf rust is a common disease of wheat and cause 50% losses in yield. Leaf rust is cause by fungi named Puccinia triticina. Pathogen mostly attack on leaf blade and cause damage. Pathogen spores travel through wind and can spread on wide area. Many molecular studies have been for identification of resistant gene in cultivated and wild species to boost up the immunity of cultivated species against disease. For the purpose of genetic dissection scientist used molecular techniques like MAS and gene pyramiding, they used markers for identification of resistant genes. Scientists got success in their findings and identified many resistant gene in wild and cultivated varieties of wheat. Use of these genes will be helpful in breeding programs for the development of resistant varieties and to make increase in production.
Effects of Compost tea on Productivity of Green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Varieties in Sudan Savanna of Nigeria
Authors: Ibrahim Aminu , Auwalu Mansur , Haruna Yahaya , Abdullahi Rabi'u , Usman Abdulhadi
Published: March 2024

Maintenance of soil productivity is one of the significant constraints affecting crop production in tropical region. Thus, field experiments were carried out in the 2018 rainy season at the Bayero University, Kano’s Teaching and Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, and Federal College of Education, Katsina’s Teaching and Demonstration Farm. The study aimed to evaluate compost tea’s effect on the productivity of green bean varieties. The treatments comprised three compost tea rates (0, 50, and 100 l ha-1) and two green bean varieties (Bean Cora and Haricot Contender). The treatments were combined factorially and arranged in a Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) replicated three times. Collected data from the field were subjected to an analysis of variance using Genstat statistical package. The results showed that use of compost tea at 100 l ha-1 significantly increased canopy height, number of branches plant-1, number of leaves plant-1, leaf area plant-1, shoot dry matter, number of pods plant-1, pod length, pod weight plant-1, and green pods yield compared with the use of 50 l ha-1 and control. The results also indicated that varieties differed significantly (p < 0.05) in most studied characters. Bean Cora recorded a considerably greater green pod yield than Haricot Contender. Based on the findings of this study, Bean Cora is a favourable variety in this location. However, it is also suggested that application compost tea at 100 l ha-1 be used as an organic source of nutrients for green bean production in the Sudan Savanna of Nigeria.
Field screening of elite Cacao (Theobroma Cacao L.) clones to vascular streak dieback (VSD) disease as the selection criteria for planting materials
Authors: Entuni Gibson , Nori Hollena , Edward Rebicca , Jaafar Ahmad Kamil bin Mohammad
Published: March 2024

The field screening for VSD disease infection in four elite cocoa clones (KKM22, KKM4, PBC230, and MCBC1) was conducted after two years of transplanting. This study aimed to determine the efficient selection criteria for planting material of cocoa-based on the intensity of VSD disease and new shoot regeneration characteristics such as number, length, and diameter of new shoots after removal of the infected VSD twigs. Around half population (60%) of the trees were infected by the disease but the infection was minor and observed only on the leaf and twigs of 150 mm in length along the jorquette branches. The MCBC1 clone with a disease severity score of 1.82 is classified under the VSD disease resistance clone whereas other clones with a score averaging 2.21 are grouped under the moderately resistance clone. The cultural practice via pruning of all infected twigs (150 mm) was efficient to control the disease from spreading. One month after pruning, the MCBC1 from disease resistance clone had the lengthiest (62.3 mm) and thickest diameter (15.6 mm) of the new shoot compared with other clones. This study indicates the need for the screening of VSD disease in cocoa plantations so that the disease can be managed and controlled at the early stage of infection. This study also reported the first finding on using new shoot regeneration after pruning for the selection criterion of cocoa planting material in the future breeding programme.
Genetic Studies in Different F2 Segregating Population for Yield and Fiber Quality Traits in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Authors: Chaudhry Urooj Fatima , Khalid Muhammad Nouman , Aziz Shahan , Amjad Ifrah , Khalid Ayesha , Noor Hafsa , Sajid Hamza Bin
Published: March 2024

The present research was conducted to assess six F2 population and their six parents for various yield and fiber contributing attributes. F2 segregating population have more variability with a greater adaptation against stress. Analysis of variance results indicated that genotypes for all traits were significant except number of monopodial branches and total nodes per plant. The highest value of heritability was calculated for seed cotton yield, while the lowest value was observed for the first fruiting branch node. Correlation matrix for overall F2 populations along with their parents manifested that yield was significantly and positively associated with plant height, height to node ratio, first fruiting branch node, total bolls per plant, ginning out turn %, lint index and short fiber index. Path analysis results showed that yield was directly and positively influenced by number of sympodial branches per plant, height to node ratio, total bolls per plant, seed index, fiber uniformity, short fiber index, micronaire value and fiber strength. The variety Mubarak showed maximum mean values for yield contributing and fiber related trait like sympodial branches, boll weight, GOT% and lint index, BS80 for bolls per plant and seed cotton yield, CM595 for seeds per boll, fiber strength and fiber length and FH142 for fiber uniformity. F2 cross combination MNH886×Mubarak followed by CM595×MNH886 showed maximum value of ranges for the different attributes and succeeding generations of these two populations may be used for selection of potential genotypes for development of high yielding varieties.
Floristic diversity of Threatened medicinal plants at two major reservoirs associated regions in Lahaul Valley, Western Himalayas, India
Authors: Kumar Antul , Choudhary Anuj , Kaur Harmanjot , Suthar Taruna , Mehta Sahil
Published: March 2024

Agriculture is the leading sector in Ethiopia and its economy The present study emphasizes the quantitative estimation of plant species diversity and ecosystems at Lahaul-Spiti two lake reservoirs, Deepak tall (DT) and Suraj Tall (ST). These are the finest visiting spots in Keylong (Himachal Pradesh), India, during summer. Despite huge anthropogenic pressure and environmental disturbance, the reservoir-associated regions still harbor numerous angiosperm species, including various grasses and medicinal herbs. Two-year surveys were conducted in six-landscape elements at an altitude of 3752 m and 4890 m. Plant diversity assessment was based on their numbers in each Landscape element (LSEs) using a 2m2 quadrant followed by random sampling methods for herbs, shrubs, and grasses. Within the total 32 specimens belonging to 17 families (most dominated by Asteraceae), 29 plants show medicinal importance. The east landscape of ST was observed with maximum species richness (Shannon wiener H =1.07), followed by the Northeast (H =1.05) dominated by Saxifraga mucronulata royle (35), Tussilago farfara (l), and T. farfara (26). The maximum species richness value was for Impatiens glandulifera (26 plants/m2), while Gentianella moorcroftiana (43 plants/m2) and categorized as vulnerable species. Highest population of the endangered plant was recorded in ST where Allardia tomentosa (9 plants/m2), Nepeta longibracteata (7 plants/m2), Pleurospermum candollei (6 plants/m2), and S. mucronulata (35 plants/m2) comparatively to DT enriched with five vulnerable species (G. moorcroftiana, Chamerion latifolium, Ranunculus hirtellus and Rheum emodii). Considering the floristic diversity value, effective attention towards conserving valuable plant bio-resources is suggested.
Assessment on Awareness of Root Knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) Associated with Tomato Production in Mvomero District, Morogoro, Tanzania
Authors: Ombaeli Samweli , Mtui Hosea , Luambano Nessie , Kashando Beatrice
Published: March 2024

Root-knot nematodes (RKN) (Meloidogyne spp.) are among the serious biotic constraints to tomato growers in Tanzania but are relatively overlooked. This required a survey of growers in Mvomero District, Morogoro, Tanzania, to assess their RKN expertise. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data from 100 randomly selected respondents in Mlali (33), Doma (33), and Dakawa (34). Socioeconomic status, RKN awareness, tomato varietals, seed sources, and yield were collected. RKN awareness varied significantly among responder categories. 59% were unaware of RKN. Farming experience correlated with tomato yield, RKN awareness, and RKN-resistant tomato varieties. Rio Grande (14%), Cal J (18%), Roma (10%), and Tanya (16%) were popular tomato types, while hybrids included Imara F1 (19%), Assila F1 (15%), Jarrah F1 (2%), Zara F1 (3%), Kipato F1 (2%) and Anna F1 (2%). Seventy-five root and 75 rhizosphere soil samples were taken from tomato plants at the flowering stage demonstrating stunting, chlorosis, and wilting at least 1km apart in Mlali, Doma, and Dakawa Wards. Samples were shovelled 25 cm deep, packed in sterile plastic bags, labelled, and delivered to Tanzania Agriculural Research Institute Kibaha Nematology laboratory. Results revealed the significant prevalence and incidence of RKN. Despite the occurrence and damage caused by RKN in tomato in the study areas, only one percent of respondents recognized RKN as a serious problem. Awareness campaigns on RKN will facilitate farmers’ consciousness of their existence and management.
Growth Response of Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) Varieties to Different Soil Amendments Combined With Inorganic Fertilizers
Authors: Binas Enrique Jr , Bucan Filmar T
Published: March 2024

Cacao is essential because of its high domestic and foreign demand. Nutrient supply to cacao varieties is required to enhance their growth. Thus, this study was conducted to assess the growth response of four NSIC-approved cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) varieties: ICSS 40, UF 18, BR 25, and K 2 to chicken dung and vermicompost combined with inorganic fertilizer. An area of 1,620 m2 was laid out in a 4 x 3 factorial experiment adopting the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three (3) replications. The existing Cacao plants were used in the experiment. Cacao varieties (V1 - ICS 40, V2 - UF 18, V3 - BR 25, and V4 - K 2) were designated as factor A, while soil amendments (A0 – inorganic fertilizer alone, A1 - chicken dung + complete fertilizer, and A2 – vermicompost + complete fertilizer) were as factor B. The application of both chicken and vermicompost + complete fertilizers gave a significantly tall, number of leaves and branches of cacao varieties than the application of inorganic fertilizers alone. The BR 25 variety applied with chicken dung + inorganic fertilizer (T8) had significantly performed in terms of stem girth 90 days after the application of treatments. The BR 25 + chicken dung + complete fertilizer (T8) and ICS 40 applied with chicken dung + complete fertilizers (T2) treatment combinations are the best for growth.
Genetic diversity studies using Mahalanobis method in Mungbean under Acidic soils of Manipur
Authors: Jeberson M S , Shashidhar K S
Published: March 2024

The cultivation of mungbean is important in the NEH region. The crop's genetic improvement mostly depends on the degree of genetic variability already present in the base population, which also acts as a valuable source of the base population for a wide variety of genetic variations. The present study aimed to study the genetic diversity analysis using the Mahalanobis method in mungbean grown under acid soils in Manipur, India. The present result showed that Mungbean genotypes have differed significantly for all characters in the analysis of variance. Eleven clusters had all twenty-eight genotypes. Cluster II had the most genotypes (8), followed by cluster III (4), cluster I, V & VII (3), cluster VI (2), and clusters IV, VIII, IX, X, and XI (1 each). Furthermore, mungbean genotypes also showed significant variation in the grouping.
Genetic Diversity of Common Bean Bruchids (Acanthoscelides obtectus and Zabrotes subfasciatus) From Different Bean Growing Regions of Tanzania
Authors: Mayunga Edina , Kusolwa Paul , Chilagane Luseko
Published: March 2024

Bruchid beetles (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) are seed-eating insects; most of their species’ feed on legumes. Bean crops around the world (especially Phaseolus vulgaris) are favorably attacked by the common bean weevil (Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say)) and Mexican bean weevil (Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman). A. obtectus and Z. subfasciatus are the main pests of beans. These pests are present in almost all bean-producing localities of Tanzania. This study aimed to identify the genetic diversity of bean bruchid weevils (A. obtectus and Z. subfasciatus) in Tanzania's bean-producing regions using molecular taxonomy (12S rRNA and COI markers). The results obtained did not show the genetic diversity of A. obtectus present in Tanzania but showed 100% identity. Z. subfasciatus showed 80.2% identity. Differences in some sequence alignment explained the genetic diversity observed between A. obtectus and Z. subfasciatus. Better knowledge of bruchid diversity present in Tanzania will help breeders and farmers propose effective management methods that impact environmental changes and human health.
Effect of foliar application of cow dung extract on growth and yield of waterleaf (Talinum triangulare Jacq.) in an ultisol
Authors: Ikeh A O , Okocha I O , Umekwe P N , Amanze A N , Ikeh C E
Published: March 2024

The research was conducted at the Umuowa Ibu 1 community via National Horticultural Research Institute, Mbato, Okigwe Imo State, Nigeria, where waterleaf production and consumption is predominant. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of cow dung extract on the performance of water leaf. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were four levels of cow dung extract (3.75, 7.50, 11.25, and 15.00 L/ha) and three controls (5t/ha cow dung, 200kg/ha NPK fertilizer, and no soil amendment). Growth and yield data were subjected to analysis of variance. Significant means were compared with the least significant difference at 5%. The result showed a significant increase in waterleaf growth and yield parameters, with an increase in extract application. The foliar yield obtained from the 11.25 L/ha treatment (13.92 and 14.50 t/ha) and 15L/ha (14.46 and 14.75 t/ha) were not significantly different. The lowest foliar yields, 4.31 and 4.26 t/ha, were recorded in no soil amendment. Treatment of 15 L/ha had a significant foliar yield of 3-70% and 1-71% in 2021 and 2022. The result showed liquid manure had lower nutrient content than solid cow dung. In order to reduce frequent application due to its low nutrient content, this study suggests an alternative method of extraction instead of water. Therefore, applying 11.25L/ha to waterleaf was recommended in the interim.
Seed Bank Distribution of Kongwa Weed (Astripomoea Hyoscyamoides) for Different Land Use Types in Kongwa District, Tanzania
Authors: Macha David , Sibuga Kallunde Pilly , Kudra Abdul
Published: March 2024

Weed invasion poses significant challenges to agriculture and ecosystems, leading to substantial economic losses globally. Astripomoea hyoscyamoides Vatke Verdc. commonly known as Kongwa weed, is a highly invasive species causing a severe infestation in the Kongwa district, Tanzania. This study investigated the seed bank distribution of Kongwa weed across different land use types, specifically arable land, fallow land, and range land in the Kongwa district. Soil samples were collected from chamae, chigwingwili, chimotolo, machenje, msunjulile, ndalibo, nyerere, and sejeli villages, representing range, arable, and fallow land, at different soil depths (0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-15 cm, and 15-20 cm). The results showed significant variations in Kongwa weed seed density among villages, with Msunjulile exhibiting the highest density across all land use types (1.92 seeds/m2 in arable, 6.67 seeds/m2 in fallow, and 9.83 seeds/m2 in range land). In comparison, Chigwingwili displayed the lowest density (0.33 seeds/m2 in arable land) The study revealed a decline in seed density with increased soil depth, with the topsoil (0-5 cm) showing the highest seed density. Also, range land exhibited the highest seed density, while arable and fallow land were comparable. Generally, kongwa weed seeds are observed to be higher in range land with a depth of 0–5 cm, particularly in areas near ranch areas. Implementing control measures, especially before the flowering stage, is crucial to mitigating the kongwa weed invasion. Further research on seed germination patterns is recommended to enhance weed management strategies.
Central Government Authority in Environmental Management In the Province
Authors: Luh Ketut Ayu Manik Sastrini
Published: March 2024

The authority of the Central Government and Regional Governments in environmental management is very large, so there needs to be clear restrictions on environmental management. With the authority possessed by the Regional Government, it is necessary to have a good form of supervision carried out by the Central Government so that various policies that damage the environment do not occur in the province. The Central Government must be active in conducting supervision so that environmentally sound development can be carried out properly by the Central Government and Regional Governments. If there are various problems that arise, the central government must handle them properly because the central government still has the authority to conduct various policy evaluations carried out by local governments so that local governments can exercise their authority proportionally in the field of environmental management. The Regional Government has the authority to manage the environment in the province. In carrying out government affairs under its authority, the regional government has the right to make policies in order to increase community participation in regional development. Law No. 9 of 2015 in conjunction with Law No. 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government, there is a division of government affairs between the central government and local governments. The authority of the regional government is the authority that comes from the delegation of authority by the government to the autonomous region. The authority delegated to local governments, especially in environmental management, must be clearly regulated in a statutory regulation. Sustainable environmental management is a continuous environmental management. In this way, the impact of environmental management that is implemented will be felt in the long term. So that it can be felt by our next generation continuously.
Legal Study of Materiil Testing Rights Supreme Court in Indonesia
Authors: Ni Luh Gede Astariyani
Published: March 2024

The authority of the Supreme Court to examine statutory regulations under the law or in this case referred to as judicial review is a mandate of the 1945 Constitution. Article 24A paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution which is the result of the Third Amendment states, "The Court The Supreme Court has the authority to judge at the level of cassation, examine the legislation under the law against the law, has other powers granted by law. From these provisions it is clear that the 1945 Constitution provides 3 (three) categories of authority to the Supreme Court, namely (1) adjudicating at the level of cassation, (2) examining statutory regulations under the law against the law, and (3) other powers granted by law. Specifically for the third provision, the 1945 Constitution stipulates that the authority of the Supreme Court is open, which means that it is possible to increase the authority of the Supreme Court as long as it puts the regulation of the additional authority into or by law. The examination is carried out on a statutory provision against a higher statutory regulation or against the constitution as the highest law. That is, judicial review works on the basis of legal norms or statutory regulations that are hierarchically structured. Without this hierarchy, it is impossible to conduct a judicial review. At this time in Indonesia the hierarchy of laws and regulations is regulated in Article 7 of Law no. 12 of 2011 concerning the Establishment of Legislation.
Legal Protection Of Wife's Victims Of Husband's Violence From Viewed From The KDRT Law And Dayak Customary Law, Uud Danum
Authors: Kartika Agus Salim
Published: March 2024

Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence and the 2001 Uud Danum Dayak Customary Law Book have provided protection for wives who are victims of domestic violence by their husbands. The protection provided by Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence is provided from the time the victim makes a police report, when he is questioned and arrives at a court decision. Legal protection provided by Tomakung to wives who are victims of violence (hotuhui) by husbands by paying fines and implementing siro sahkik to restore conditions damaged by violence (hotuhui) between husband and wife. Factors that cause domestic violence by husbands are caused by internal and external factors. Internal factors are caused by wives who cheat, wasteful with money, lazy to cook. Internal factors in husbands are due to being lazy to work, not having a job, having an affair, gambling and being an alcoholic drink addict. The government should provide jobs for all levels of education that are evenly distributed from villages to cities. The government should, in helping the poor, not provide social assistance in the form of direct cash assistance because a small nominal amount of money is only enough to buy alcohol and play gambling. The increase in domestic violence is not solely the fault of the citizens but due to a lack of community awareness raising by the central and regional governments that is right on target because today the Government is building more infrastructure than building the mental and spiritual Indonesian people themselves.
Effective and Efficient Cabinet as One of the Efforts to Prevent Corruption
Authors: Rico Septian Noor  , Sri Endah Wahyuningsih  , Nelson G Cainghog
Published: March 2024

Corruption never seems to disappear in Indonesia, because almost every day there is news in various print and electronic media regarding public officials, legislative members and even law enforcers who are caught in corrupt practices. Therefore, more massive efforts are needed to prevent and eradicate corruption. This writing uses the Normative Juridical Research method which examines legal rules and principles in answering legal problems that occur using a Conceptual Approach to draw conclusions about the problems studied. We should all be aware that the moment of the General Election (Pemilu) is a very important moment considering the fact that 78 years of Indonesian independence is certainly a moment that must be interpreted deeply, the moment of forming an effective and efficient Cabinet is one of the determining factors for the success of the entire 5 Year government agenda. future and realizing the ideals of the Indonesian nation that have always been echoed, including realizing a government that is clean and free from corruption. Because the disease of corruption that has grown and taken root in this country is caused by many factors, one of which can be caused by the relationship between various systems that are related to corrupt cultural patterns in various functions of power in this country, for example co-optation and strong political intervention. This writing concludes that one of the important points in fixing various corruption problems is by repairing damage to the function and structure of government in this country. Forming an effective and efficient Cabinet in Government can be one of the keys to preventing Corruption
The Analysis of Imperative inThe Bilingual Text Called Aluminum Cylinder AMSCUD with K-valve ProYoke/Din (Output connection)
Authors: Ririn Tasumbey
Published: March 2024

There are lots definitions of linguistics, such as according to Webster (1981), linguistics is the study of human speech including the units, nature, structure, and modification of language. Wardhaugh (1973) stated that linguistics is the scientific study of language. The two definitions of these linguists clearly explain us that linguistics is basically related to language. In conducting this research the writer collect some sources, which are related to the topic she has chosen. There are two kinds on sources used, primary and secondary sources. The primary source is taken from the bilingual text; the source text and target language. The secondary source consists of facts, and opinion outside the word itself, such as dictionary, internet, encyclopedia, books, etc.
THE ANALYSIS OF VERBAL ELLIPSIS FOUND IN THE STORY BOOK OF “THE BOYHOOD OF RONGGOWARSITO”
Authors: I Putu Eka Suardana
Published: March 2024

This research entitled The Analysis of Verbal Ellipsis Found in The Story Book of “The Boyhood of Ronggowarsitoaimed at analyzing and classifying the classification of verbal ellipsis’s types in each text of story book entitled The Boyhood of Ronggowarsito. The primary data was taken from the English textbook ofThe Boyhood of Ronggowarsito(1991).The main theory used in this study was taken from the book entitled Cohesion in English(1975) by M.A.K Halliday and Ruqaiya Hasan. They stated that ellipsis is the omission of an item of a sentence on the assumption which an earlier sentence will make the meaning clear. They classify ellipsis into three types: nominal ellipsis, verbal ellipsis and clausal ellipsis. However, the focus of the research was only on the analysis of verbal ellipsis. The research method used in the research is qualitative research. The required data were classified and analyzed based on the classification of verbal ellipsis. Verbal ellipsis consisted of lexical verbal ellipsis and operator verbal ellipsis. The findings showed that verbal ellipsis consisted of lexical verbal ellipsis and operator verbal ellipsis, where lexical verbal ellipsis is marked by the omission of final element meanwhile, operator verbal ellipsis is marked by the omission of initial element.