bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilizing borehole electrical images to interpret lithofacies of fan-delta: A case study of Lower Triassic Baikouquan Formation in Mahu Depression, Junggar Basin, China
Authors: Yuan Rui , Zhang Changmin , Tang Yong , Qu Jianhua , Guo Xudong , Sun Yuqiu , Zhu Rui , Zhou Yuanquan (Nancy)
Published: November 2017

Large-scale conglomerate fan-delta aprons were typical deposits on the slope of Mahu Depression during the Early Triassic. Without outcrops, it is difficult to study the lithofacies only by examining the limited cores from the main oil-bearing interval of the Baikouquan Formation. Borehole electrical imaging log provides abundant high-resolution geologic information that is obtainable only from real rocks previously. Referring to the lithology and sedimentary structure of cores, a case study of fan-deltas in the Lower Triassic Baikouquan Formation of the Mahu Depression presents a methodology for interpreting the complicated lithofacies utilizing borehole electrical images. Eleven types of lithologies and five types of sedimentary structures are summarized in borehole electrical images. The sediments are fining upward from gravel to silt and clay in the Baikouquan Formation. Fine-pebbles and granules are the main deposits in T
Multi Objective Optimization of a Methane Steam Reforming Reaction in a Membrane Reactor: Considering the Potential Catalyst Deactivation due to the Hydrogen Removal
Authors: Alavi Marjan , Eslamloueyan Reza , Rahimpour Mohammad Reza
Published: November 2017

Steam reforming of methane (SRM) is an important stage of hydrogen production. Using a membrane reactor (MR) to separate the produced H2positively affects CH4conversion by shifting the equilibrium. This H2removal increases the risk of coke formation in the process. In this study, the influence of different parameters such as Damkohler’s number (Da) and permeation number (θ) on CH4conversion and H2recovery are investigated. In order to find the optimum condition for this MR in which CH4conversion, H2Recovery are maximized and the risk of coke formation is minimized, the elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is employed to achieve the Pareto front in a three objective space. The single optimal solution is selected from Pareto front by TOPSIS decision making method. In the optimized condition methane conversion and hydrogen recovery are improved about 19.8% an 6.8%, respectively. Also, the risk of coke formation in the MR is reduced.
Alternative Policy Responses to Increased Use of Formula Pricing
Authors: Brorsen B. Wade , Fain James R. , Maples Joshua G.
Published: November 2017

This article determines the potential effects of policies to address concerns about lower producer prices due to increased use of marketing agreements. Policies considered are banning alternative marketing agreements, compensating producers who sell on the cash market, and restricting the quantity of marketing agreements. We use an agent-based model in a common-value auction framework to analyze these policies. The common-value auction framework is used because it closely resembles how livestock are actually purchased. The agent-based model is used to find the common-value auction equilibrium. A ban on marketing agreements reduces social welfare and the other policy interventions have little effect on prices. Past theoretical studies predict marketing agreements will cause large reductions in prices paid to producers. Conversely, empirical studies show slight effects. This article offers an alternative theory that more closely matches livestock markets and our results reduce the gap between theoretical and empirical research. The common-value auction model predicts negative effects on producer prices close to those found in past empirical research.
Particle Swarm Optimization-Enhanced Twin Support Vector Regression for Wind Speed Forecasting
Authors: Houssein Essam H.
Published: November 2017

Wind energy is considered one of the renewable energy sources that minimize the cost of electricity production. This article proposes a hybrid approach based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) and twin support vector regression (TSVR) for forecasting wind speed (PSO-TSVR). To enhance the forecasting accuracy, TSVR was utilized to forecast the wind speed, and the optimal settings of TSVR parameters were optimized by PSO carefully. Moreover, to estimate the performance of the suggested approach, three wind speed benchmark data of OpenEI were used as a case study. The experimental results revealed that the optimized PSO-TSVR approach is able to forecast wind speed with an accuracy of 98.9%. Further, the PSO-TSVR approach has been compared with two well-known algorithms such as genetic algorithm with TSVR and the native TSVR using radial basis kernel function. The computational results proved that the proposed approach achieved better forecasting accuracy and outperformed the comparison algorithms.
Crystal structure of Ga0.47(1)Sb0.53(1)Pd2
Authors: Matselko Oksana , Burkhardt Ulrich , Grin Yuri , Gladyshevskii Roman
Published: November 2017

Ga0.47(1)Sb0.53(1)Pd2, hexagonal, P6̄2m (no. 189), a = 7.0374(3) Å, c = 3.3194(2) Å, V = 142.37(2) Å3, Z = 3, Rp
= 0.0269, Rwp
= 0.0417, T = 295 K.
The Use of the GIS Model on the Implementation of Urban Cadastre
Authors: Lateș Iustina , Luca Mihail , Chirica Ștefania , Iurist Dumitrașcu Nicoleta
Published: November 2017

The development of a GIS model that includes both information on real estate cadaster and water supply networks is an efficient one. The paper presents the stages of making such a model, starting from field measurements, to structuring the database and custom layouts. Today’s large volume of data requires information to be centralized into tables that are then attached to graphical entities. In the analysis it was considered that the main components of the real estate cadaster system are the field, the parcel, the owner, and for the water supply network distribution networks, hydrants and manhole. GIS programs aim to specifying properties on custom layouts on structural and functional areas. Autocad and ArcMap software allow you to get themed maps on specific system domains. The study model can be simple to complex and can be generalized for any hydro-urban system (urban localities, rural localities, industrial areas, etc.).
Elements of Evolution of the Relations Between the Soils and the Climate in the Territory Between Prut and Nistru in the Context of Climatic Changes and Natural - Antropic Pedogenesis
Authors: Jigău Gheorghe , Blidari Anton , Borș Natalia , Bîrsan Ana
Published: November 2017

The evolution of climate during the seventy-year cycle (1946-2016) led to the shaping, in the region, of two parallel trends of the evolution of the soil cover: a) in the sense of aridization; b) in the sense of humidification. These are due to the contouring of an alternation of drought and humid and relatively damp years in the 11-year climate cycle. According to calculations, 5 of them are humid or relatively damp and 6 are dry or relatively dry. Research shows that the climatic environment in the phase of modification leads to the simultaneous development of processes of both aridization of several spaces and hydromorphism of other. This situation shows different stability of the soil cover components in the region to climate change under natural-anthropogenic chernozem conditions. This particularity of soil development is to be taken into account both in pedological studies and in the framework of Regional Strategies and Programs for Adaptation to Climate Change.
The impact of flexion or extension movement transfer pattern on the performance of sit-to-stand task in asymptomatic young subjects
Authors: Sipko Tomasz , Stefanik Marek , Glibowski Edmund , Paluszak Adam , Kuczyński Michał
Published: November 2017

Introduction

To assess the mode of sit-to-stand (STS) task performed in a habitual manner or with flexion or extension pattern transfer in asymptomatic young subjects. It was hypothesized that different initial movements of the lumbar-pelvic region would modify the performance of the STS task: coordination of STS in time and level of vertical ground reaction forces (VGRF).

Methods

A convenience sample of 30 young asymptomatic volunteers, both genders, was recruited. The STS task was performed in a habitual manner or with a flexion or extension pattern. A Kistler platform was used to measure the VGRF and time of STS phases.

Results

ANOVAs analysis revealed the main effect in the total time and in maximum VGRF during the STS manoeuvre in three STS tasks (F(2, 58) = 21.67–30.74; p < 0.00001). In the post-hoc analysis, there was no difference in the total time between flexion and extension pattern of STS (p > 0.05), there was no difference between the flexion and extension pattern in minimum VGRF (p > 0.05), but the latter task was the longest in preparation time (p < 0.001). The lowest maximum VGRF was bound with the extension pattern of STS (p < 0.01).

Conclusions

The extension or flexion movement pattern modified STS performance and displayed different coordination in time and level of VGRF. Young asymptomatic participants performed the STS task longer with flexion or extension pattern than in the habitual pattern. The extension pattern of STS had the capacity to produce the lowest VGRF.
Multicomponent Gause’s principle in models of biological communities
Authors: Razzhevaikin Valery N.
Published: November 2017

A generalization of the Gause competitive exclusion principle which guarantees the vanishing of at least one species in the community exceeding in number of species the number of available resources is presented. Theorems which guarantee the vanishing of a greater number of components under condition of the Malthusian vector function localizations in a set of smaller dimension are formulated. The theory developed here is applied to the case of Volterra type systems for which such vector functions are linear resource dependent and the number of resources is small.
Thermal Convection in a Ferromagnetic Fluid Layer with Magnetic Field Dependent Viscosity: A Correction Applied
Authors: Prakash Jyoti , Kumar Rajeev , Kumari Kultaran
Published: November 2017

The effect of magnetic field dependent (MFD) viscosity on thermal convection in a horizontal ferromagnetic fluid layer has been investigated numerically. A correction is applied to Sunil et al. [24] which is very important in order to predict the correct behavior of MFD viscosity. Linear stability analysis has been carried out for stationary convection. The MFD viscosity parameter δ as well as the measure of nonlinearity of magnetization M
3, both have a stabilizing effect on the system. Numerical results are also obtained for large values of magnetic parameter M
1 and predicted graphically.
The Effects of Methionine-Enriched and Vitamins (Folate, Pyridoxine and Cobalamine)-Deficient Diet on Exploratory Activity in Rats - A Brief Report
Authors: Mijailovic Natasa , Selakovic Dragica , Joksimovic Jovana , Jakovljevic Vladimir , Nikolic Tamara , Rosic Gvozden
Published: November 2017

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of increased homocysteine levels induced by methionine nutritional overload (twice as standard) and deficiency of the vitamins folate, pyridoxine and cobalamine, which plays an important role in homocysteine metabolism in anxiety-related behaviour, expressed by means of exploratory activity in rats. Twenty-three male Wistar albino rats (4 weeks old, 100±15 g body weight) were divided into three groups: control (n=8), methionine-enriched (Meth+, 7.7 g of methionine/kg chow, n=7) and methionine-enriched vitamin-deficient (Meth+Vit-, 7.7 g of methionine/ kg chow, deficient in folate, pyridoxine and cobalamine - 0.08, 0.01 and 0.01 mg/kg, n=8). All animals had free access to food and water for 30 days. Behavioural testing was performed using the elevated plus maze (EPM) test. Standard parameters for vertical exploratory activity, the number of rearings and the number of head-dippings, as well as the total exploratory activity (summarizing overall exploratory activity in the EPM) were significantly reduced following 30 days of methionine nutritional overload (p<0.05, p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). A methionine-enriched diet coupled with a reduction in some B vitamins resulted in a more pronounced decline in exploratory drive observed in the EPM test compared to the control (p<0.01). The decline in total exploratory activity associated with vitamin deficiency was significant compared to the Meth+ group (p<0.05). The results of this study highlight the important role of homocysteine in the modulation of exploratory activity in rats. Decreased exploratory drive induced by both a methionine-enriched and vitamin-deficient diet could be attributed to an anxiogenic effect of hyperhomocysteinemia.
On Some Density Topology with Respect to an Extension of Lebesgue Measure
Authors: Flak Katarzyna , Hejduk Jacek , Tomczyk Sylwia
Published: November 2017

This paper presents a density type topology with respect to an extension of Lebesgue measure involving sequence of intervals tending to zero. Some properties of such topologies are investigated.
Hand and Wrist Injuries Among US High School Athletes: 2005/06–2015/16
Authors: Johnson Bernadette K. , Brou Lina , Fields Sarah K. , Erkenbeck Alexandria N. , Comstock R. Dawn
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND:

The risk of hand/wrist injuries is present across various sports. Little is known about the epidemiology of such injuries. The objective of this study was to calculate the rates of hand/wrist injuries and investigate injury patterns among high school athletes.

METHODS:

Athlete exposure (AE) and hand/wrist injury data were collected during 11 academic years, 2005/06 through 2015/16, from a large sample of US high schools as part of the National High School Sports-Related Injury Surveillance Study.

RESULTS:

There were 6723 hand/wrist injuries sustained during 40 195 806 AEs, a rate of 1.7 per 10 000 AEs. The rate of injury in competition (3.3) was higher than in practice (1.1) (95% confidence interval: 2.8–3.1). Rates of hand/wrist injuries varied by sport, with the highest rates in football (4.3), boys’ lacrosse (1.9), girls’ softball (1.9), wrestling (1.8), girls’ field hockey (1.7), boys’ ice hockey (1.7), and girls’ basketball (1.7). The most common injuries were fracture (45.0%), contusion (11.6%), and ligament sprain (9.0%). Athletes most frequently returned to play in <7 days (45.7%), but 12.4% of injuries kept athletes out ≥3 weeks.

CONCLUSIONS:

High school athletes are at risk for hand/wrist injuries. Such injuries can keep athletes out of play and many require substantial medical treatment. Stick and ball or puck sports and full contact sports have high rates of hand/wrist injuries relative to other sports, which is indicative of a need for sport-specific prevention efforts.
Predicting Academic Achievement Based on Goal Orientations and Study Approaches / Predviđanje akademskog uspjeha na temelju ciljnih orijentacija i pristupa učenju
Authors: Miškulin Nikolina , Vrdoljak Gabrijela
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between goal orientations, learning approaches and academic achievement, and to examine the possibility of predicting academic achievement through goal orientations and learning approaches. A sample of N = 346 male and female second and third year undergraduate and first year graduate students of different colleges and sections of the University of J.J.Strossmayer in Osijek participated in this study. The results indicate that academic achievement is in a positive correlation with the mastery and performance goal orientations and deep and strategic learning approaches, and in a negative correlation with the work-avoidance goal orientation and surface learning approach. Furthermore, the results indicate a positive relationship between the mastery goal orientation and deep and strategic learning approaches and positive relationship between the work-avoidance goal orientation and surface learning approach, and negative between the work-avoidance goal orientation and deep learning approach. Also, mastery, performance goal orientations and deep learning approach were positive predictors of academic achievement. College was significant moderator of relationship between deep learning approach and academic achievement. Deep learning approach was a positive predictor of achievement in "hard" study disciplines and was not a significant predictor of academic achievement in "soft" study disciplines.Key words: learning; motivation; performance. ---Sažetak Cilj je ovog rada bio ispitati odnos ciljnih orijentacija u učenju, pristupa učenju i akademskog uspjeha kod studenata te provjeriti mogućnost predviđanja akademskog uspjeha na temelju ciljnih orijentacija u učenju i pristupa učenju. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo N=346 studenata i studentica drugih i trećih godina preddiplomskih i prvih godina diplomskih studija različitih fakulteta i odsjeka osječkog sveučilišta. Rezultati pokazuju da postoji pozitivna povezanost akademskog uspjeha s ciljnom orijentacijom na znanje i izvedbu te s dubinskim i strateškim pristupima učenju, a negativna povezanost akademskog uspjeha s ciljnom orijentacijom na izbjegavanje truda i površinskim pristupom učenju. Osim toga, rezultati pokazuju da postoji pozitivna povezanost ciljne orijentacije na znanje s dubinskim i strateškim pristupima učenju kao i pozitivna povezanost ciljne orijentacije na izbjegavanje truda s površinskim i negativna s dubinskim pristupima učenju. Nadalje, kao pozitivni prediktori akademskog uspjeha pokazale su se ciljne orijentacije na znanje i izvedbu te dubinski pristup učenju. Vrsta studija pokazala se značajnim moderatorom veze između dubinskog procesiranja i akademskog uspjeha. Dubinsko procesiranje značajan je prediktor uspjeha kod studenata prirodoslovnih i tehničkih studija, a nije značajan prediktor kod studenata društveno-humanističkih studija.Ključne riječi: izvedba; motivacija; učenje.
In Support of Agreement on Gifted Teachers and Education as a Giftedness Performance Domain / U prilog suglasnosti o darovitim učiteljima i obrazovanju kao domeni darovitosti
Authors: Mikulić Matea , Rački Željko , Brajković Sanja
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study was to explore relationships between one of the behavioral definitions of quality educational practice (ISSA’s Definition of Quality) and the implicit theories on gifted teachers held by four groups of study participants (N = 199). If giftedness is valued across different performance domains, including education, the question that needs to be addressed is whether there are gifted teachers, and how they can be identified.  Using profile analysis, two groups of teachers, pre-service teachers (n = 47), and experts (n = 61), rated the proposed quality indicators as behaviors highly indicative of their exemplary gifted teachers. This offers support to the construct validity of operationalization of gifted teachers as those competently demonstrating consensually agreed upon indicators of quality at a high level, across different focus areas of educational practice. The results were interpreted in accordance with the contemporary, empirically proven influence of teachers on students' learning and the outcomes of this learning. Special emphasis was placed on the behavioral operationalization of quality in educational practice, and how it overlaps with the construct of giftedness as manifested in adulthood (in competence, in expertise, and finally, in eminence), suggesting inclusion of education as one of the giftedness performance domains. Key words: education quality; expertise; giftedness domains; quality teaching.---SažetakCilj je ovoga istraživanja bio ispitati odnose između jedne ponašajne definicije kvalitetne pedagoške prakse (ISSA) i implicitnih teorija o darovitim učiteljima na četiri skupine sudionika (N = 199). Ako je darovitost cijenjena u različitim domenama, uključujući obrazovanje, tko su daroviti učitelji i koje su njihove odlike? Uporabom analize profila, i učitelji početnici (n = 47) i ekspertni učitelji (n = 61) procijenili su ponuđeni skup indikatora kvalitetne pedagoške prakse kao visoko indikativan za primjerne darovite učitelje. Taj podatak pruža podršku konstruktnoj valjanosti operacionalizacije darovitih učitelja kao onih koji kompetentno pokazuju konsenzusno dogovorene indikatore kvalitete na visokoj razini u različitim područjima pedagoške prakse. Rezultati su interpretirani u skladu sa suvremenim, empirijski utvrđenim utjecajem učitelja na učenikovo učenje i ishode toga učenja. Poseban je naglasak stavljen na ponašajnu operacionalizaciju kvalitetne pedagoške prakse, kao i na načine kako se ona preklapa s konstruktom darovitosti i njezinom manifestacijom u odrasloj dobi (u kompetentnosti, u ekspertnosti, i na kraju, u eminentnosti), uz prijedlog ubrajanja obrazovanja u jedno od domena darovitosti. Ključne riječi: domene darovitosti; ekspertnost; kvaliteta obrazovanja; kvalitetna pedagoška praksa.
USE OF ARTIFICIAL AQUATIC FOOD-WEB FOR POST-TREATMENT OF DOMESTIC WASTEWATER IN COLD CLIMATE: A REVIEW
Authors: Lavrinovičs Aigars , Juhna Tālis
Published: November 2017

Eutrophication-promoting phosphorous loads originating from wastewater treatment plants are commonly controlled by chemical precipitation in the tertiary treatment phase. However, this approach is costly and generates additional waste. Therefore, inexpensive and sustainable methods for wastewater post-treatment are wanted. The artificial aquatic food-web that performs wastewater phycoremediation by algae and subsequent biomass harvest by filter-feeding organisms not only requires low energy consumption but also produces biomass for treatment process cost recovery. Still, the knowledge on its performance at different scales and under different climates are limited. In this review, the application possibilities of the artificial aquatic food-web for domestic wastewater post-treatment is discussed, focusing on its use in cold climate regions. Considering the reduced biological activity of aquatic organisms at low ambient temperature, possible solutions for its performance and prospect application at low temperatures are suggested. Finally, directions for future research regarding the practical use of artificial aquatic food-web are highlighted.
Clay statuettes of male and female paredros from Roman Dacia
Authors: Ota Radu
Published: November 2017

This paper synthetises knowledge concerning the spread of the paredros type statuette in Roman Dacia. Thus, we examined their manner of distribution, the workshops, and most importantly their significance. The author notes that these statuettes were discovered solely in Dacia Superior and Porolissensis, especially in the former. He highlights the fact that these statuettes were found in the area of the most developed urban planning, along the Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa–Apulum–Potaissa–Porolissum line, in highly Romanised towns with important military units stationed nearby. Similarly, it shows the important role the Apulum urban centre played in producing and distributing these votive statuettes. The author concludes that these statuettes are additional evidence of the lower classes’ affiliation to imperial power. Due to the spread of the Jupiter cult in Apulum, it is no wonder that people sought to obtain a cheaper variant, accessible to the poor. Due to this aspect, as well as the sober, rigid stance of the characters, we attribute them to the deities Jupiter and Juno. Considering that such statuettes were not found in burials, it is unlikely that they were funerary offerings that were more likely to depict the divine couple Pluto and Proserpine. The statuettes cannot represent local Dacian deities since the conquered population is rarely mentioned in provincial inscriptions with anthroponyms (just over two percent), and sculptural or epigraphic monuments do not represent the deities of the ancient local pantheon. Furthermore, in the urban environment where these votive terracottas were produced, the presence of the Thracian-Dacian population is almost never mentioned epigraphically (more than 1% of epigraphs depict anthroponyms) or archaeologically.
Case selection and causal inferences in qualitative comparative research v1
Authors: Plümper Thomas , Troeger Vera , Neumayer Eric
Published: November 2017

Traditionally, social scientists perceived causality as regularity. As a consequence, qualitative comparative case study research was regarded as unsuitable for drawing causal inferences. Apparently, few cases cannot establish regularity. The dominant perception of causality has changed, however. Nowadays, social scientists define and identify causality through the counterfactual effect of a treatment. This brings causal inference in qualitative comparative research back on the agenda since obviously comparative case studies can identify treatment effects. We argue that the validity of causal inferences from the comparative study of cases depends on the employed case-selection algorithm. We employ Monte Carlo techniques to demonstrate that different case-selection rules strongly differ in their ex ante reliability for making valid causal inferences and identify the most and the least reliable case selection rules.
A Model of Psychological and Pedagogical Evaluation in the System of Education
Authors: Umnyashova I.B. , Safuanov F.S.
Published: November 2017

The paper describes approaches to the organisation of psychological and pedagogical expert evaluation in the system of education as a type of humanitarian evaluation.The analysis of scientific and legislative foundations of psychological and pedagogical evaluation in the system of general education revealed the absence of a unified approach to the definition of the very concept of such evaluation.The paper presents an integrated overview of the approaches and regulatory and methodological foundations of psychological and pedagogical evaluation.It outlines the goals, tasks, object, subject and main areas of psychological and pedagogical evaluation in the system of education and provides a thorough description of its model.
New Aspects of Cellular Cholesterol Regulation on Blood Glucose Control—Review and Perspective on the Impact of Statin Medications on Metabolic Health
Authors: Grice Brian A ,   Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology and Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, US, Elmendorf Jeffrey S ,   Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, US
Published: November 2017

Cholesterol is an essential component of cell membranes, and during the past several years, diabetes researchers have found that membrane cholesterol levels in adipocytes, skeletal muscle fibers and pancreatic beta cells influence insulin action and insulin secretion. Consequently, it is thought that dysregulated cell cholesterol homeostasis could represent a determinant of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Recent clinical findings compellingly add to this notion by finding increased T2D susceptibility in individuals with alterations in a variety of cholesterol metabolism genes. While it remains imperfectly understood how statins influence glucose metabolism, the fact that they display an influence on blood glucose levels and diabetes susceptibility seems to intensify the emerging importance of understanding cellular cholesterol in glucose metabolism. Taking this into account, this review first presents cell system and animal model findings that demonstrate the negative impact of cellular cholesterol accumulation or diminution on insulin action and insulin secretion. With this framework, a description of how changes in cholesterol metabolism genes are associated with T2D susceptibility will be presented. In addition, the connection between statins and T2D risk will be reviewed with expanded information on pitavastatin, a newer statin medication that displays actions favoring metabolic health.
Sodium-glucose Co-transporter-2 Inhibitors in Type 1 Diabetes—a Dangerous Ally
Authors: Priya Gagan ,   Fortis Hospital, Mohali, India, Kalra Sanjay ,   Bharti Hospital, Karnal, India, Bhambri Vishal ,   Fortis Hospital, Mohali, India
Published: November 2017

There is an unmet need for adjunctive non-insulin-based therapies in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Weight gain, recurrent hypoglycemia and suboptimal glycemic control remain significant challenges. Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and dual inhibitors of sodium-glucose co-transporter-1 (SGLT1) and SGLT2 may have a potential role as an add-on therapy to insulin. The benefits include improved glycemic control, weight reduction, and reduced insulin dose requirement. However, the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis with SGLT2 inhibitors is significant and the diagnosis may be delayed due to absence of significant hyperglycemia. At present, SGLT2 inhibitors are not approved for use in T1D, and the risks should be discussed at length with the patient. We propose strategies to minimize the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis associated with off-label use of SGLT2 inhibitors in T1D.
La obra tardogótica de la Cartuja de la Defensión de Jerez de la Frontera. Reflexiones sobre la intervención de Diego de Riaño
Authors: Romero Medina Raúl , Romero Bejarano Manuel
Published: November 2017

La Cartuja de la Defensión en Jerez de la Frontera es uno de los edificios tardogóticos mas importantes de la Baja Andalucía. Su construcción se lleva a cabo a la sombra de los arquitectos que trabajan para la Catedral de Sevilla, junto a otros maestros del ámbito local. En esta obra se ha podido documentar a Diego de Riaño, un arquitecto clave para poder entender la transición de los lenguajes arquitectónicos desde el último gótico a las primeras formas renacentistas. En este artículo se analiza la construcción de la su obra y se reflexiona sobre la intervención del maestro Diego de Riaño.
Alterations in aminergic system of rat brain by the opioid analgesic tramadol in the absence of pain-induction
Authors: Panadanabiona Sahitya C.
Published: November 2017

Background: Tramadol is an opioid analgesic used for treating moderate to severe pain. No research is available on pharmacology of tramadol without induction of pain. This study examines the effect of administration of tramadol on the levels of biogenic amines and their metabolites in the brain areas of male adult Wistar rats, without inducing pain.Methods: Tramadol was injected subcutaneously at 0, 24, and 48 hours, and changes in the levels of epinephrine (EP), norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (HIAA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) were examined in cerebral cortex, cerebellum, pons-medulla, hippocampus and thalamus. The changes were recorded in the select brain areas at 3, 6, 12, 24 hours after the first injection, as well as at 24 hours after the second and third injections, respectively.Results: Administration of tramadol at 0 hours elevated the levels of DA, 5-HT and HVA in all brain areas. Changes in levels of EP, NE, and HIAA varied across the four brain areas surveyed. All parameters showed maximal changes at 3 or 6 hours following the first administration at 0 hours. For the second and third doses of tramadol at 24 and 48 hours respectively, the parameters showed variations at 48 and 72 hours that generally fluctuated around the control.Conclusions: The results indicate differential tissue responses to administered tramadol in different areas of the brain. The results suggest that the alterations in biogenic amines for the administration of tramadol are similar under both pain and no-pain conditions.
Relationship between maternal education and socioeconomic status on knowledge, attitude and practice of mother and her child regarding acute diarrhoeal diseases
Authors: Mutalik Anirudh V. , Raje Vaishali V.
Published: November 2017

Background: In India, diarrhoea caused more than 130,000 child deaths in 2013. This also accounts for roughly one-fourth of all global diarrhoea deaths among children under five years of age. The incidence of diarrhoeal disease in rural India is 12% and in urban India is 9%.Acute diarrheal disease is both preventable and treatable. Untreated severe diarrhoea leads to fluid loss and it may be life-threatening especially in young children and among the people who are high risk like malnourished or have impaired immunity. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among the secondary high school children (8th std) Azad high school, Kasegaon to find out the relationship between maternal education and socioeconomic status on knowledge, attitude and practice of mother and her child regarding acute diarrhoeal diseases. A pre-structured and pretested questionnaire was used to get the information regarding definition, causes, signs, symptoms, treatment, preparation of ORS, prevention of diarrheal etc. Results: Nearly 57% of the mothers had school education and 10% had college education and illiteracy was 36%. As per the occupation 46.6% were farmers, 30.6% were labours and 14% were housewives. Mother’s education was significantly associated with children Knowledge, attitude whereas practice was not associated. Illiterate mothers had significant poor knowledge and attitude. Conclusions: Maternal education and maternal socio economic status has important role is ascertaining the knowledge, attitude and practice of her children regarding acute diarrhoeal diseases.
Uma Análise do Desenvolvimento Territorial no Brasil: o campo em disputa e as políticas públicas
Authors: Da Silva Edson Batista , Borges Joyce De Almeida
Published: November 2017

Resumo: este artigo analisa o agronegócio e sua lógica hegemônica de dominação no campo brasileiro, e as consequências deste processo para a construção das políticas públicas e de desenvolvimento territorial. Os resultados apontam que há uma disputa territorial e política no campo, com peso ideológico que resulta no desaparecimento do campesinato enquanto classe social e no favorecimento de atores ligados ao agronegócio.Palavras-chave: Agronegócio. Agricultor familiar. Campesinato. Políticas públicas.
Evaluating Public Health Interventions: 7. Let the Subject Matter Choose the Effect Measure: Ratio, Difference, or Something Else Entirely
Authors: Spiegelman Donna , Khudyakov Polyna , Wang Molin , Vanderweele Tyler J.
Published: November 2017

We define measures of effect used in public health evaluations, which include the risk difference and the risk ratio, the population-attributable risk, years of life lost or gained, disability-adjusted life years, quality-adjusted life years, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. Except for the risk ratio, all of these are absolute effect measures.

For constructing externally generalizable absolute measures of effect when there is superior fit of the multiplicative model, we suggest using the multiplicative model to estimate relative risks, which will often be obtained in simple linear form with no interactions, and then converting these to the desired absolute measure. The externally generalizable absolute measure of effect can be obtained by suitably standardizing to the risk factor distribution of the population to which the results are to be generalized.

External generalizability will often be compromised when absolute measures are computed from study populations with risk factor distributions different from those of the population to whom the results are to be generalized, even when these risk factors are not confounders of the intervention effect.
THE MODIFIED MOHR – COULOMB AND DRUCKER – PRAGER MODELS. INFLUENCE OF ECCENTRICITY ON HYSTERESIS LOOP AND ENERGY LOSS
Authors: Dudchenko Alexander V. , Kuznetsov Sergey V.
Published: November 2017

The eccentricity parameters appearing in the modified Mohr-Coulomb and Drucker-Prager models are studied. The influence of the eccentricity on shape and size of the hysteretic loop and plastic dissipation energy are analyzed. Both kinematic and force loadings are considered.
REALIZATION OF THE TVD-SCHEME FOR A NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF THE FILTRATION PROBLEM
Authors: Galaguz Yuri P.
Published: November 2017

A numerical solution of one-dimensional filtration problem for suspension flow in a porous medium is considered. The TVD-scheme with different functions-delimiters is obtained. The TVD-scheme is compared with the counter-current scheme and the Lax-Wendroff scheme. Diagrams of suspended particles concentrations are shown.
Does Auditor Locality Matter in Financial Reporting Quality?
Authors: Diaz Jamie , Martin Gregory W. , Thomas Wayne B.
Published: November 2017

In this paper, we describe recent findings that auditor localities serve as a conduit for contagion of financial reporting quality between client firms. This “auditor locality contagion” is distinct from contagion within the same audit office and is incremental to national trends in financial reporting quality. These findings are important as practitioners consider factors that may affect audit quality across engagements and within certain audit offices.
Fraud Risk Brainstorming at Tesla Motors
Authors: Hess Megan F. , Andiola Lindsay M.
Published: November 2017

This instructional case offers students the opportunity to explore the fraud risk assessment process and participate in a simulated fraud brainstorming session as required by AS 2401 (formerly SAS 99) for financial statement audits. Drawing on publicly available information about Tesla, Inc. (formerly Tesla Motors), the revolutionary company behind the popular Model S all-electric vehicle, the case materials guide students through multiple learning objectives. These objectives include learning how to: (1) recognize the factors that contribute to financial statement fraud risk; (2) identify and evaluate the likelihood and severity of fraud risks; (3) analyze the ways that fraud risks can lead to material misstatements in the financial statements; (4) understand the purpose of and how to conduct a fraud brainstorming session; and (5) develop audit procedures that respond to assessed fraud risks. In a post-case learning assessment, students reported significant improvement in their knowledge, comprehension, and application of these learning objectives. Students also indicated that they enjoyed learning about these concepts in the context of this popular company. This case has both an individual and a group component, and it is designed for use in an auditing or forensic accounting course at either the undergraduate or the graduate level.
Individualized Glycemic Goals and an Expanded Classification of Severe Hypoglycemia in Diabetes
Authors: Cryer Philip E.
Published: November 2017

The view that a hemoglobin A1c (A1C) level <7% (55 mmol/mol) is the accepted glycemic goal for most people with diabetes sometimes conflicts with the view that glycemic goals should be individualized and, thus, that somewhat higher A1C levels are appropriate for some, particularly many at risk for iatrogenic hypoglycemia because of treatment with insulin, a sulfonylurea, or a glinide. The relationship between A1C and chronic complications of diabetes is curvilinear, A1C is a relatively weak predictor of cardiovascular disease, and minor elevations of A1C above 7% have not been found to be associated with increased mortality. Iatrogenic hypoglycemia causes recurrent morbidity in diabetes and is sometimes fatal. In those at risk for hypoglycemia, a reasonable individualized glycemic goal is the lowest A1C that does not cause severe hypoglycemia and preserves awareness of hypoglycemia, preferably with little or no symptomatic or even asymptomatic hypoglycemia, at a given stage in the evolution of the individual’s diabetes. A somewhat higher A1C level is appropriate in those who have previously experienced hypoglycemia or have potential high risk for hypoglycemia, have a long duration of diabetes, and have a short life expectancy, among other traits. Given the importance of severe hypoglycemia in selecting glycemic goals, it is proposed to expand the classification of severe hypoglycemia beyond a hypoglycemic event requiring assistance from another person to include a measured glucose concentration <50 mg/dL (2.8 mmol/L), a level associated with sudden death.
Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Time Are Associated With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adults With Prediabetes: The PREVIEW Study
Authors: Swindell Nils , Mackintosh Kelly , McNarry Melitta , Stephens Jeffrey W. , Sluik Diewertje , Fogelholm Mikael , Drummen Mathijs , MacDonald Ian , Martinez J. Alfredo , Handjieva-Darlenska Teodora , Poppitt Sally D. , Brand-Miller Jennie , Larsen Thomas M. , Raben Anne , Stratton Gareth
Published: November 2017

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to examine the association among physical activity (PA), sedentary time (ST), and cardiometabolic risk in adults with prediabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Participants (n = 2,326; 25–70 years old, 67% female) from eight countries, with a BMI >25 kg ⋅ m−2 and impaired fasting glucose (5.6–6.9 mmol ⋅ L−1) or impaired glucose tolerance (7.8–11.0 mmol ⋅ L−1 at 2 h), participated. Seven-day accelerometry objectively assessed PA levels and ST.

RESULTS

Multiple linear regression revealed that moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was negatively associated with HOMA of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (standardized β = −0.078 [95% CI −0.128, −0.027]), waist circumference (WC) (β = −0.177 [−0.122, −0.134]), fasting insulin (β = −0.115 [−0.158, −0.072]), 2-h glucose (β = −0.069 [−0.112, −0.025]), triglycerides (β = −0.091 [−0.138, −0.044]), and CRP (β = −0.086 [−0.127, −0.045]). ST was positively associated with HOMA-IR (β = 0.175 [0.114, 0.236]), WC (β = 0.215 [0.026, 0.131]), fasting insulin (β = 0.155 [0.092, 0.219]), triglycerides (β = 0.106 [0.052, 0.16]), CRP (β = 0.106 [0.39, 0.172]), systolic blood pressure (BP) (β = 0.078 [0.026, 0.131]), and diastolic BP (β = 0.106 [0.39, −0.172]). Associations reported between total PA (counts ⋅ min−1), and all risk factors were comparable or stronger than for MVPA: HOMA-IR (β = −0.151 [−0.194, −0.107]), WC (β = −0.179 [−0.224, −0.134]), fasting insulin (β = −0.139 [−0.183, −0.096]), 2-h glucose (β = −0.088 [−0.131, −0.045]), triglycerides (β = −0.117 [−0.162, −0.071]), and CRP (β = −0.104 [−0.146, −0.062]).

CONCLUSIONS

In adults with prediabetes, objectively measured PA and ST were associated with cardiometabolic risk markers. Total PA was at least as strongly associated with cardiometabolic risk markers as MVPA, which may imply that the accumulation of total PA over the day is as important as achieving the intensity of MVPA.
THE EFFECT OF COLLABORATIVE ASSESSMENT AND LEARNING STYLE ON STUDENTS’ WRITING COMPETENCY
Authors: Subawa IM , Nitiasih N.P.K. , Putra I.N.A.
Published: November 2017

This experiment study aims at investigating the effect of collaborative assessment and learning style on students’ writing competency of eleventh grade students of SMAN 1 Kuta. To conduct this research, 92 students were selected as the sample. The design of this research was 2x2 factorial design. Data of writing competency were collected by an instrument called posttest which is essay type test, meanwhile learning style data were collected by questionnaire. The acquired data were analyzed statistically by two way ANOVA and Tukey test. This research discovers: 1) there is a significant effect of collaborative assessment on students’ writing competency, 2) there is a significant interaction effect of assessment type (collaborative and conventional assessments) and learning style (field dependent and independent) on students’ writing competency, 3) collaborative assessment affects significantly on field dependent students’ writing competency, and 4) collaborative assessment does not affect significantly on field independent students’ writing competency.
Hábitos de estudio y rendimiento académico. Caso estudiantes de la licenciatura en Administración de la Unidad Académica Profesional Tejupilco, 2016 / Study habits and academic performance: A research study of Business Administration undergraduate students at the Tejupilco Professional Academic Unit, 2016
Authors: Mondragón Albarrán Carmen Marlene , Cardoso Jiménez Daniel , Bobadilla Beltrán Salvador
Published: November 2017

El objetivo fue determinar la incidencia de los hábitos de estudio y su rendimiento académico en estudiantes de la licenciatura en Administración de la Unidad Académica Profesional Tejupilco dependiente de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. La población fue de 173 estudiantes de ambos sexos del período 2016 B. Se utilizó el instrumento Inventario de Hábitos de Estudio, con enfoque cualitativo, para calcular la frecuencia de utilización. Los resultados arrojan que en las escalas de condiciones ambientales de estudio, planificación de estudio, utilización de materiales, asimilación de contenidos y sinceridad los estudiantes presentan nivel de utilización de normal bajo a normal alto. Finalmente, en la correlación de Pearson, las cinco escalas fueron estadísticamente no significativas (P<0.05).
Psicose induzida por substâncias ilícitas
Authors: Barbaro Daniela Ruggeri , Picarelli Cristiane Cacossi
Published: November 2017

A psicose induzida por substâncias/medicamentos é caracterizada pela presença de delírios e/ou alucinações pelo período de até um mês após o seu uso. Foi relatado o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino que apresentou quadro de alucinações auditivas e delírios persecutórios após uso de substâncias ilícitas, internado na enfermaria de psiquiatria do Conjunto Hospitalar de Sorocaba (CHS), em Sorocaba, São Paulo.
A Commodity Space
Authors: Hansen Lars Peter , Sargent Thomas J.
Published: November 2017

This chapter describes a concept of value that will be used to formulate a model in which the decisions of agents are reconciled in a competitive equilibrium. It describes a commodity space in which quantities and prices both will reside. The stochastic Lagrange multipliers of Chapter 4 are closely related to equilibrium prices and live in the same mathematical space. The planning problem studied in Chapter 4 produces an outcome in which the process for consumption {ct} is an n-dimensional stochastic process that belongs to L2
0. The chapter presents a heuristic justification for the representation of the value of {ct}. It proceeds by reviewing several examples of commodity spaces and valuation functions.
Statistical Representations
Authors: Hansen Lars Peter , Sargent Thomas J.
Published: November 2017

This chapter describes links between competitive equilibria and autoregressive representations. It shows how to obtain an autoregressive representation for observable variables that are error-ridden linear functions of state variables. In describing how to deduce an autoregressive representation from a competitive equilibrium and parameters of measurement error processes, it completes a key step that facilitates econometric estimation of free parameters. An autoregressive representation is naturally affiliated with a recursive representation of a likelihood function for the observable variables. More precisely, a vector autoregressive representation implements a convenient factorization of the joint density of a complete history of observables (i.e., the likelihood function) into a product of densities of time t observables conditioned on histories of those observables up to time t−1. The chapter also treats two other topics intimately related to econometric implementation: aggregation over time and the theory of approximation of one model by another.