bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE STATE OF BUDGET FINANCING OF LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE: REGIONAL DIMENSION
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Bak Nataliia
Published: May 2022

The article emphasizes that the current state of local economic development (further – “LED”) supply in Ukraine is characterized by the dominance of the budget method of formation and use of financial resources. It is proved that two types of factors influence the effectiveness of this method: national characteristics of the mechanism of budget financing of LED and due to the specifics of territorial needs and their resourcefulness. It was found that the combined impact of these factors has led to low effectiveness of budget funding for LED in the Chernivtsi region. The main source of this funding is the State Budget of Ukraine, including the State Fund for Regional Development. At the same time, the transfer mechanism is activated as much as possible. Its disadvantage is the subjectivity of budget resource allocation. Under quarantine restrictions, the state of LED's funding has deteriorated. The article proposes several measures aimed at reducing the negative impact of macroeconomic factors and improving the mechanism of budget financing of LED.
ANALYSIS OF ACTIVITIES OF DOMESTIC GOVERNMENT BONDS MARKET ENTITIES OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Vinnytsia National Technical University, Prytsiuk Liudmyla
Published: May 2022

Debt securities, namely domestic government bonds have become the most in demand after of all securities on the market in recent years. The current state of the government bond market requires systematic research and analysis given the role of these financial instruments in the debt and investment policy of the state as well as the identification and delineation of the main characteristics of the domestic market of domestic government bonds. The aim of the work is to study the dynamics of the domestic market of domestic government bonds, their profitability, the structure of market participants, the characteristics of their investment activities as well as to determine the prospects for development of this segment of the securities market in modern conditions. In order to achieve this goal, the following tasks were outlined: to identify the subjects of the domestic government bond market of Ukraine; outline the key problems facing the domestic securities market; to present proposals and recommendations for solving or at least localizing the problems that arise in the securities market of Ukraine. The article identifies the main subject in the market of domestic government bonds in Ukraine and explores their activities during 2017–2021. During this period in the unstable political and economic situation in the country was observed a constant growth in sales of government debt securities. The reasons that led to significant changes in the activity of investors operating in this market have also been identified. The article analyzes the activities of individual participants in the government bond market establishes the structure of their market share, outlines the reasons that contribute to the growth of their activity in the market or vice versa – encourage its folding. The volume of the portfolio in securities of Ukrainian banks and their share in total assets is determined. An analysis of the weighted average profitability on government bonds placed in national and foreign currencies. The characteristic features of the domestic market of government bonds and the main reasons hindering its further development are highlighted.
THE CONCEPT OF COUNTERING THE SHADOW ECONOMY
Authors:   Academy of Labuor, Social Relations and Tourism, Onishchyk Anastasia
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to the development and characterization of the concept of combating the shadow economy in Ukraine. The integrated indicator of the level of the shadow economy in Ukraine (in% of the volume of official gross domestic product) for January-June 2021, which amounted to 31% of the official GDP is analyzed. The invariance in the level of the shadow economy indicates the adaptation of economic entities to activities in conditions of permanent constraints and the realization of the hypothesis of their development of new channels of shadow activity. At the same time, the well-known German scientist in the field of shadow economy, professor of the University of Linz (Austria) F. Schneider states that the shadow component of Ukraine's economy reaches the level of 44.8%. Such differences between domestic and foreign studies of the level of the shadow economy show us the latent nature of this concept and the impossibility of accurately measuring the level of the shadow economy. All this points us to the need to develop a concept for combating the shadow economy in Ukraine. The concept of counteracting the shadow economy in Ukraine has been developed and outlined the mission, conditions of implementation (including: institutional requests, hypothetical assumptions, significant factors of external influence, dominants of foreign experience, key trends in genesis and problems of the actual state of domestic practice of combating the shadow economy in Ukraine), scientific and theoretical basis (which form: vision, object, subject, method, fundamental provisions of general economic and specific principles of counteraction to the shadow economy) and directions of practical implementation (which form two vectors: 1) increase the efficiency of detecting manifestations of the shadow economy and eliminate its negative consequences; 2) the preventive bias of the shadow economy). Implementation of the proposed concept of counteracting the shadow economy will ensure the creation of prerequisites for minimizing shadow economic processes, will become the beginning of constructive cooperation between state bodies of all branches of government with a clear definition of powers and areas of responsibility, and will increase the activities of the regulatory bodies for shading the national economy of Ukraine.
ANALISIS YURIDIS PENCABUTAN OBYEK GUGATAN TATA USAHA NEGARA OLEH TERGUGAT DALAM PROSES PERSIDANGAN
Authors: Fahlani Soffyan Angga
Published: May 2022

Tujuan daripada penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa dan mengetahui KTUN sebagai objek gugatan yang disengketakan dapat dicabut oleh tergugat dan proses persidangan apabila obyek guagatn TUN dicabut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yaitu suatu penelitian hukum yang dilakukan dengan cara meneliti bahan hukum baik itu bahan pustaka atau  data sekunder, dan menganalisa yang berkaitan dengan dengan masalah yang sedang dibahas.Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian tesis ini yakni: pertama, Pencabutan obyek gugatan Tata Usaha Negara oleh pihak tergugat dalam proses persidangan secara yuridis memang tidak diatur dalam undang-undang Hukum Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara sehingga obyek gugatan dapat dilakukan pencabutan saat masih dalam proses persidangan oleh pihak tergugat baik itu dilakukan dengan pencabutan obyek gugatan Tata Usaha Negara dalam proses persidangan dan menerbitkan sebuah KTUN yang baru dan atau melakukan pencabutan obyek gugatan Tata Usaha Negara dalam proses persidangan serta tanpa menerbitkan sebuah KTUN yang baru, dan pihak tergugat dapat melakukan pencabutan obyek gugatan Tata Usaha Negara dalam proses persidangan disebabkan karena di Undang-Undang Tata Usaha Negara tidak ada aturan yang mengatur alias kekosongan hukum tentang Pencabutan Obyek Gugatan oleh Tergugat dalam proses persidangan sehingga terjadi kekosongan hukum (vacuum of norm). kedua, Pencabutan obyek gugatan oleh Tergugat dalam proses persidangan Tata Usaha Negara akan memiliki dampak terhadap jalannya proses persidangan, sebuah obyek gugatan apabila dicabut akan menghilangkan kekuatan hukumnya sebuah Keputusan Tata Usaha Negara yang menjadi obyek gugatan dalam proses persidangan. Akibat dari dicabutnya obyek gugatan oleh tergugat dalam proses persidangan mengakibatkan persidangan batal demi hukum karena dicabut obyek gugatannya.
BUSINESS ANALYSIS AND DATA VISUALIZATION MEANS
Authors:   National Pedagogical Dragomanov University, Kachan Hanna
Published: May 2022

The article considers topical issues of business intelligence and data visualization, their impact on effective management decisions in modern companies. The aim of the article is to study the theoretical and methodological foundations of the use of visual content for making the most effective management decisions, systematization of the most popular business intelligence tools for visualization of marketing data. The main tasks of the business analyst and the most popular analytical resources on the Internet are defined in the work. It is noted that the use of business intelligence tools helps marketers to access relevant information, visualize statistics, conduct marketing research, model risks and take timely measures to prevent them. It is determined that data visualization has become one of the most important tools of business analytics, and the use of visual content allows you to convey the essence of the message concisely and conduct a quick analysis of data with the right emphasis. The classification of visualization according to the type of result (statistical, dynamic and interactive) is given. The main stages of business analyst work are analyzed in the work, the connection between information technologies and business analytics is investigated. The most popular analytical resources on the Internet are listed, the Google Analytics web analytics tool is analyzed, and its advantages and disadvantages are identified. It is noted that the data obtained from the use of only one tool analyst can be erroneous, so you need to compare indicators using information from different sources. The factors influencing the effectiveness of visual content in social networks are indicated. The modern market of data visualization tools is analyzed. The scientific novelty of the work is reflected in the definition of the most common tools for visualizing business intelligence data. It is concluded that with the constant growth of information in all spheres of life, there is a need to use automated systems to support management and innovation decisions, especially the growing demand for software for business analysis and visualization of data.
THE ESSENCE AND FEATURES OF FORMATION OF THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF PRODUCTION CAPACITY OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Poltava State Agrarian University, Fedrets Oleh , Stovba Vladyslav ,   Poltava State Agrarian University, Solodchuk Taras ,   Poltava State Agrarian University
Published: May 2022

The article solves the problem of forming a theoretical and methodological approach to the formation of the production potential of agricultural enterprises. In modern market economy, the production potential of agricultural enterprises comes first, because effective management is the basis of the ideology of strategic management. Its important element is the formation of a management system of production capacity by assessing the efficiency of production processes. The main theoretical aspects of the formation of the management system of production capacity, as well as practical recommendations for improving the management and use of production capacity of agricultural enterprises are studied and systematized. The author’s formulation of the production potential of agricultural enterprises is generalized – effective use of technical, material, financial and information resources in order to achieve the goals of the enterprise. Production potential is an important component of the company’s potential and plays a significant role in its activities. Production potential is an effective characteristic of the use of existing opportunities of agricultural enterprises.Improving the efficiency of the use of production potential is important because it directly reflects the use of production resources of economic entities, determines the effectiveness and efficiency of their activities The main approaches used to determine the production capacity are analyzed, its properties and the main elements of the production capacity management system are substantiated. The main methods of calculating the level of production potential are considered. The author's formulation of the production potential of agricultural enterprises and a comprehensive method of assessing the effectiveness of the use of agricultural enterprises is proposed. Production potential is based on the efficient use of resources that determine the capabilities of the enterprise. The importance of improving the formation of the management system of production potential of the enterprise is to create a rational organizational mechanism at different hierarchical levels of the management system.
ANALYSIS OF LIQUIDITY GAPS AS A METHOD OF BALANCED ASSET AND LIABILITIES MANAGEMENT (ON THE EXAMPLE OF JSC CB «PRIVATBANK»)
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University, Zaslavska Olha
Published: May 2022

In the article it was explored the concept of asset and liability management. It was found that this process has a direct impact on the structure and liquidity of the bank's balance sheet, as well as sensitivity to fluctuations in interest rates on its financial items. Liquidity management is a priority in the bank's asset and liability management. It was justified that the best method of assessing the risk of liquidity loss is to analyze the gap in the maturity of financial requirements and liabilities. The basis of liquidity management is the concept of cash flow compliance, aimed at ensuring that based on the GAP-analysis of incoming cash flows are brought in line with the outgoing flows. It was revealed that an important system-forming institution of the domestic banking sphere is JSC CB «PrivatBank». From the point of view of asset and liability management, the main sources of mobilization of financial resources of this bank were be identified. It was found that due to the active work of JSC CB «PrivatBank» in the Ukrainian financial market, the greatest danger is the probability of liquidity risk. The emergence of this risk means that the institution may suffer losses, additional expenses or loss of income due to its inability to provide financing to increase assets and/or fulfillment of its liabilities in due time. In this context the GAP-analysis was performed for JSC CB «PrivatBank». For the purpose of liquidity gap analysis there were selected only financial assets and liabilities of the bank. All these funds were divided into following groups: on demand and up to 1 month, from 1 to 3 months, from 3 to 12 months, more than 12 months. It was made an assessment of the dynamics of changes in liquidity gaps in JSC CB «PrivatBank» in terms of maturity, as well as the total liquidity gap in 2016-2020. The necessity of developing measures to maintain liquidity in case of adverse events was substantiated. There were offered variants of scenarios of response to realization of bank liquidity risks. Emphasis was placed on the importance of finding alternative sources of funding that increase the bank's ability to withstand stressful situations and liquidity crises.
INTERNATIONAL STRATEGIES FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Economics and technology institute Robert Elworthy, Frunza Svitlana , Zholonko Tetiana ,   Economics and technology institute Robert Elworthy, Havrysh Halyna ,   Economics and technology institute Robert Elworthy
Published: May 2022

Ensuring the process of economic development is extremely complex and it is carried out under the influence of a whole range of different contradictory and sometimes mutually exclusive factors. Experience shows that the idea of the historical conditionality of development, progress, social evolution finds its practical application not directly to the individual socio-economic system, but as a general direction, the vector of movement of world civilization. The purpose of the study is to conduct a comprehensive study of growth strategies of "breakthrough" economies and developed countries to identify features of their development.The methodological basis of the study was the works of domestic and foreign scientists, which reveal the essence of the strategy of economic development of different countries. The comparative analysis, historical analysis, and statistical method were used in the study. Results of the study.In the study, growth strategies of "breakthrough" economies and developed countrieswere analyzed and systematized.Characteristic features of strategies for the development of "breakthrough" economies and developed countries were also highlighted.Among the common features of economic development strategies of countries with breakthrough economies are the following: withdrawal of maximum benefits from the openness of the world economy; support for macroeconomic stability; support for high growth rates of savings and investment, public investment in infrastructure; giving markets the opportunity to independently manage the allocation of resources; the presence of an ideological and qualified government. The results obtained have significant practical value and can be used to improve economic development policies and reduce inequalities between countries in the world.The authors conclude thatthe pace of economic growth of the country is most often determined by the pace of its technological progress. Strengthening productive capacity can help developing countries and the least developed countries to achieve sustainable economic development, reduce poverty, reduce inequality, increase exports.
CONTROL OF INCOME TAX CALCULATIONS
Authors:   State Higher Educational Institution «Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture», Skora Nataliia , Svichkar Nataliia ,   State Higher Educational Institution «Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture», Zahorelska Tetiana ,   State Higher Educational Institution «Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture»
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to organizational and methodological principles of monitoring income tax calculations. Administrative and accounting controls are distinguished among the types of internal control. Administrative internal control is used to improve the efficiency of the enterprise, and accounting internal control is used to protect assets and reliably reflect them in accounting. The main functions that internal control performs are defined. Objects that are not affected by controlling subsystems are considered, namely some elements of accounting policy, tax differences, errors and falsifications. It is indicated that the components of internal control include self-control of the performer, functional control and institutional control. The persons who are responsible for the conscientious implementation of internal control at each component are identified. Further, the article examines the state financial control over income tax calculations, since it is an integral part of the state financial control of entrepreneurial activity. It is determined that the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine conducts desk, documentary and factual inspections. There are several measures that are recommended to be implemented at the enterprise on the eve of a desk check in order to identify violations that can be corrected independently and thus avoid penalties. The procedure for carrying out a planned documentary check at the enterprise is considered. Cases that are recorded in the tax code of Ukraine and may become reasons for conducting an unscheduled documentary check at the enterprise are given. The algorithm for conducting a tax audit of income tax by regulatory authorities is disclosed, which includes preparatory, research and final stages, at each of which a number of activities are performed. In the system of state financial control over the payment of corporate income tax in Ukraine, there are numerous problems that reduce its fiscal efficiency, and therefore require improvement. It is proposed to create a system ofstate current control over the activities of a business entity and strengthen responsibility for tax offenses.
MODERN APPROACHES TO PUBLIC PROCUREMENT EFFICIENCY AUDIT
Authors:   «Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic» National University, Shmygol Nadiia , Galtsova Olga ,   Classical Private University
Published: May 2022

The article presents an overview of current aspects of public procurement audit. It is proved that today the scientists have mostly practical recommendations for such an audit and monitoring. It is established that there are no significant, thorough theoretical and methodological developments of scientists on the audit of public procurement in a circular economy, sustainable development. It is proved that special attention at the current stage of formation of the audit of public procurement should be paid to such an area as monitoring their "sustainability". The article identifies economic, environmental and social criteria in the audit of public procurement. Economic factors affect the state of the markets on which trade depends now and in the future. Environmental factors affect the natural systems on which life depends now and in the future. Social factors affect the social systems on which the community depends now and in the future. Among the economic criteria are: fair agreements, innovative research, investment, open competition, open information, use of different suppliers, use of HUB zones, use of local suppliers, conflicts of interest, zoning, dumping, exclusive agreement, seller's conspiracy, buyer's conspiracy, abuse patent, pricing, product typing, refusal of the agreement, corruption (bribery, extortion). Among the ecological criteria are the following: biodiversity conservation, climate adaptation, resource optimization, soil fertility concern, acidification, desertification, eutrophication (waterlogging), fresh water pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, environmental depletion, human health impact, land use change, marine pollution, pollution layer, radiation pollution, depletion of resources, smog, waste. To the social criteria it was included: anti-discrimination, community involvement, equal opportunities, employee involvement, equal pay, fair agreement, freedom of association, grievance and redress processes, human rights, indigenous rights, labour protection and safety, the right to bargain collectively, education and training, workers' rights, child labour, forced labour, trafficking in human beings, choice of suppliers. It is substantiated that among the criteria of sustainability (economic, environmental and social) the red ribbon is the assessment of possible abuses, corruption, bribery, dishonesty of the administration. So, also it has been investigated the relationship between administrative dishonesty and leadership style and reporting distortions.
OPTIMIZATION OF DUOPOLY OF PRODUCTION ENTERPRISES TAKING INTO ACCOUNT MARKETING COSTS
Authors:   Odessa National Maritime University, Kurudzhy Yuliia
Published: May 2022

The conditions of existences and determination of equilibrium solution of duopoly is investigated taking into account additional costs of enterprises for advertising products. It is assumed that above costs are aimed at increasing the base price and do not affect competitive discounts. The aim of this article is investigation on the basis of firm theory the conditions of marketing policy effectiveness and finding the conditions of equilibrium solution of duopoly existence. In line with the classical theory of the firm, it is considered that the demand function linearly depends on the summary volumes of these goods, delivered from both enterprises. For accounting of marketing activity it is assumed that product prices are in directly dependence on amount of advertising investment.It is supposed that above costs lead to an increase in the price of the enterprises products. The expediency of advertising costs is based and influence of marketing policy of enterprises on possibility of oligopoly equilibrium solutions existence has been substantiated. Based on the developed model of duopoly, we identified optimal plans for production by each of the enterprises in the duopoly and optimal levels of advertising costs, maximizing the profits of enterprises. They define equilibrium solutions according to the Cournot (when enterprises decide to release products simultaneously and independently of each other) and according to the Stackelberg (when one manufacturer believes that the competitor will behave as a Cournot duopolist). Numerical illustration of the obtained results is given. It is shown on some examples that above mentioned costs lied up to increasing of profits of these enterprises. In the future, it is possible to perform different generalizations of results, given in the present article, for example, to study oligopolies of supply chains of different configurations and dynamic models of optimization of production plans and marketing activity of enterprises-manufacturers. The obtained results could be used in the process of joint development of marketing, logistic and innovation strategies of enterprises.
LEADERSHIP TYPES: CROSS-CULTURAL ASPECTS
Authors:   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Blyznyuk Tetiana
Published: May 2022

This study identifies the influence of national culture on national leadership style based on such cultural factors as: power distance as a cultural factor that characterizes the attitude to leadership in national culture, determining the degree of leaders' encouragement to use their power; individualism versus collectivism as a cultural factor characterizes social orientation as an idea of the relative importance of the individual's interests in relation to the interests of the group to which he belongs, and which indicates the involvement of workers in individual or collective action; masculinity versus femininity as a cultural factor that characterizes the goal orientation, revealing the ways to motivate people to perform a particular job to achieve certain goals; uncertainty avoidance as a cultural factor characterizing the level of uncertainty, social instability, ambiguity, which is normal and in which members of the society feel comfortable.
INNOVATION AS A CONCEPTUAL BASIS OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN UKRAINE
Authors:   University of Customs and Finance, Ilchenko Viktoriia
Published: May 2022

Today, social entrepreneurship is a revolution in non-profit business, as it provides the opportunity to independently provide resources for functioning and solving economic and social problems, including poverty, support for vulnerable groups, environmental protection, human rights, energy security, preservation and restoration land resources, uneven distribution of capital, etc. The primary task of social entrepreneurs is to solve social problems and create a social effect for society. In world practice, there is an understanding that social entrepreneurship is an innovative activity that aims to solve a range of socially significant problems, social transformation and only then make a profit for distribution. However, the question of the priority of goals in such activities still remains controversial. Most authors believe that the priority is social motives, such as solving social problems, achieving social justice, general well-being. Some definitions give equal importance to the social and economic aspects of social enterprises – fulfilling the social mission, they are financially profitable. The mission of social enterprises is expressed in the vast majority in their statutes. Social entrepreneurs achieve their mission most often through the sale of their own products and then the support of socio-cultural activities, projects and programs. Also, social entrepreneurs stand out in their activities by employing vulnerable groups. It is worth highlighting the typology of innovation, which is characteristic of social entrepreneurship in general. Therefore, it is the creation of new tangible assets that did not previously exist in the market or the delivery of existing ones to this market, but at a lower price. A separate aspect is the delivery of products and services to vulnerable groups and the use of their labor to create a new social product. An important segment in the typology of innovation is the development of new models of generating revenue from the sale of long-known goods or services to ensure constant financial income and their focus on the implementation of social programs. It is the introduction of innovations that can ensure sustainable development in the market and achieve a social goal, for which, in fact, a social enterprise is created.
“Peace For P’s”: Interpersonal Conflict Management Styles of Students in Three Teacher Education Special Projects
Authors: Palmos Rejie F.
Published: May 2022

This descriptive research aimed to identify the varied conflict management styles among WVSU students enrolled in three teacher education special projects. The respondents were selected using the random sampling method. A Filipino-based standard questionnaire checklist developed by the Miriam College Center for Peace Education on interpersonal conflict management styles was utilized. Results revealed that ESGP-PA (4P’s granter) and the Diploma on ECE had a “problem solving” conflict management style as an entire group or when classified according to certain categories. The Associate in ECE possessed “aggression” towards their interpersonal conflict management as an entire group and when classified according to certain categories. No significant differences were noted in the respondents' interpersonal conflict management styles when classified according to certain categories. Therefore, the dominant style employed by the two special projects is problem-solving, and one is aggression. As a recommendation, there is a need to propose a Peace Education Program that places more emphasis on the effective problem-solving process in facing conflicts with peers, future co-workers, and other people for better interpersonal relationships.
Financial Performance Analysis Before and After Acquisition: Empirical Study on PT. Bank Tabungan Pensiunan Nasional, Indonesia
Authors: Putri Winda Annisah , Mulyana Bambang
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the financial performance of PT. Bank Tabungan Pensiunan National Tbk before and after its acquisition in 2009-2019. To measure the health of banks using the RGEC method, risk profiles are measured using NPL and LDR ratios, Good Corporate Governance (GCG), Earnings (Rentability) are measured using ROA, ROE, NIM, and BOPO ratios, and Capital (Capital) is measured using CAR ratios. The research design used is comparative quantitative, and the data collected is secondary data with documentation techniques. Using data analysis methods, namely Data normality test and paired sample t-test with the help of SPSS v.21 application. The results of this study found that in four ratios, there were differences before and after the acquisition, namely ROA, ROE, CAR, and GCG, while in four ratios, found no difference before and after the acquisition, namely NPL, LDR, NIM, and BOPO.
AIR POLLUTION ASSESSMENT OF BOKO HARAM AFFECTED LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF ADAMAWA STATE, NORTH EASTERN NIGERIA
Authors: Penuel B. L. , Maitera N. O. , Maina H. M. , Khan M. E.
Published: May 2022

This study is aimed at assessing the ambient air quality of Local Government Areas affected by Boko Haram insurgency. The study was conducted in both the rainy and dry seasons. Gasman portable gas monitor was used for the monitoring of CO, NO2, SO2, H2S, and Cl2. CO and H2S were found to be within acceptable limits set by FEPA (10.00 ppm and 8.00 ppm) respectively in both seasons in all locations except Hong LGA, where CO was 11.11 ppm. NO2, SO2 and Cl2 were all above acceptable limits of 0.06 ppm, 0.1 ppm and 0.01 ppm respectively. The Air Pollution Index rating indicated that all the locationswere severely contaminated, except for Michika, Madagali and the control locations which were below 100 in the rainy season. The rainy season concentrations of these pollutants are lower than the dry season due to dissolution of the pollutants by the rains. The result of the pollution level is very poor and is a threat to the health of the populace. Thus this research recommends appropriate measures to be taken to enhance a safe environment for the people in these locations for healthy human living
ANALISIS DISTRIBUSI PENCEMARAN BIOLOGICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (BOD) DAN DISSOLVED OXYGEN (DO) DENGAN METODE GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) DAN STREETER PHELPS DI SEPANJANGKALI SURABAYA
Authors: Adis Muhammad Rasich Nabil , Juliardi AR Naniek Ratni
Published: May 2022

Kali Surabaya merupakan sungai dengan kategori kelas II yang keberadaannya berhulu dari DAM Lengkong Mojokerto dan berhilir di DAM Jagir Surabaya. Kali Surabaya mempunyai potensi mendapatkan pencemaran dari industri di sekitar, karena 29% pemanfaatan lahan di sekitar Kali Surabaya adalah kawasan industri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola distribusi BOD dan DO menggunakan metode Geographic Information System (GIS) serta hubungannya dengan proses terjadinya self-purification di Kali Surabaya. Dari hasil penelitian, didapatkan bahwa kandungan BOD di Kali Surabaya melebihi baku mutu air kelas II. Berdasarkan analisis statistik regresi, didapatkan bahwa yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kandungan BOD adalah DO. Semakin naik nilai DO, debit, dan pH maka semakin turun nilai BOD. Namun apabila nilai suhu mengalami kenaikan maka nilai BOD juga semakin naik. Kali Surabaya mempunyai karakteristik koefisien deoksigenasi sebesar 0.12 – 0.20 /hari dan koefisien reaerasi sebesar 0.29 – 0.54 /hari. Koefisien tersebut sangat mempengaruhi perhitungan self-purification dengan menggunakan persamaan Streeter-Phelps. Dengan jarak 0.3 Km dari titik 1 ke titik 2 DO mengalami kenaikan sebesar 0.52 mg/lt. Sedangkan pada titik 9 ke titik 12 dengan jarak 1.2 Km mengalami kenaikan DO sebesar 0.80 mg/lt. Pada jarak yang lebih panjang, kemampuan self-purification yang terjadi akan semakin baik, namun dengan catatan tidak adanya lagi masukan kedalam sungai.
PEMETAAN KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI DI SURABAYA
Authors: Asrori M. Khadik
Published: May 2022

Air adalah sumber daya yang penting bagi semua organisme hidup. Sumber daya air harus dikelola secara berkelanjutan untuk melindungi lingkungan dan kegunaannya bagi kehidupan manusia dan organisme lain. Air sungai merupakan salah satu sumber daya air bagi kehidupan manusia. Salah satu daerah yang memanfaatkan air sungai untuk sumber air adalah Surabaya. Sungai Surabaya dianggap sebagai sumber air utama yang dimanfaatkan oleh warga. Air Sungai Surabaya merupakan bahan baku air minum dan salah satu sumber suplai air PDAM Surabaya. Selain itu, Sungai tidak hanya dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber air bagi kehidupan masyarakat dan industri tetapi juga sebagai tempat pembuangan limbah industri. Meningkatnya perkembangan industri telah menimbulkan kekhawatiran tentang konsumsi air, sehingga perlu dilakukan pemantauan kualitas air Sungai Surabaya untuk mengetahui parameter kimia, fisik, dan biologi.
POTENSI TUMBUHAN LOKAL SEBAGAI AGEN FITOREMEDIASI UNTUK MENURUNKAN KADAR LOGAM MERKURI (Hg) PADA LAHAN BEKAS PENAMBANGAN EMAS TANPA IZIN DI KABUPATEN SAROLANGUN, JAMBI
Authors: Rahman Fatur , Ilfan Freddy , Rodhiyah Zuli , Ihsan Mahya
Published: May 2022

Penambangan Emas Tanpa Izin (PETI) merupakan penambangan emas yang dilakukan para penambang yang tidak memiliki izin. Salah satu dampak negatif PETI adalah pencemaran merkuri. Salah satu upaya memperbaiki tanah tercemar merkuri dapat dilakukan fitoremediasi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui tumbuhan lokal yang berpotensi mengurangi pencemaran merkuri (Hg). Penelitian menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan dilakukan di Desa Monti, Sarolangun, Jambi. Inventarisasi tumbuhan memperoleh 14 spesies yaitu, Macaranga sp., Paspalum sp., Trema tomentosa, Imperata cylndrica, Lophatherum sp., Eleusine sp., Molineria sp., Lycopodium sp., Gleichenia linearis, Ipomea sp., Scleria sp., Eleocharis interstincta, Melastoma sp.., dan Phragmites sp. 14 tumbuhan tersebut, tiga yang mendominasi yaitu, Phragmites sp. (37,35%), Melastoma sp. (30,64%), dan Eleocharis interstincta (25,41%). Phragmites sp. memiliki nilai BAC (0,381), BCF (0,606), TF (0,628), Melastoma sp. memiliki nilai BAC (0,170), BCF (0,333), TF (0,511), dan Eleocharis interstincta memiliki nilai BAC (0,245), BCF (0,441), TF (0,555). Hasil perhitungan BAC, BCF dan TF didapatlah Phragmites sp. yang memiliki nilai paling tinggi sehingga kemampuan mengakumulasi dan mentranslokasi logam merkuri dari akar ke pucuk lebih efisien dibandingkan tumbuhan lain yang ditemukan pada penelitian ini.
PENENTUAN LAJU PEMBENTUKAN GULA REDUKSI ECENG GONDOK PADA PROSES HIDROLISIS KOMBINASI DENGAN BAKTERI SELULOLITIK
Authors: Novembrianto Rizka , Rhomadhoni Muslikha Nourma
Published: May 2022

Kehadiran eceng gondok dalam jumlah yang massif akan menjadi masalah untuk air permukaan. Namun eceng gondok juga memiliki kandungan selulosa yang bisa dikonversi menjadi gula reduksi sebagai bahan untuk pembuatan bioethanol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan hasil gula reduksi tahap hidrolisis kombinasi dengan bakteri selulolitik dan laju reaksi maksimumnya. Kebutuhan eceng gondok yang digunakan adalah substrat pada variasi 0,025; 0,057; 0,100; 0,161 dan 0,232 % (b/v). Segmen pretreatment menggunakan kapang Phanerochaete chrysosporium dan dilanjutkan  hidrolisis secara kimia dengan perlakuan 0,25 % dan 2 % H2SO4 dan variasi tetap panas 100 + 3 oC dan kombinasi menggunakan Cellvibrio selama 24, 48, 72, 96 dan 120 jam. Penelitian dilakukan pada suhu ruang. Metode untuk pengukuran gula reduksi menggunakan Nelson-Somogyi. Gula reduksi yang telah dihasilkan pada proses pretreatment adalah dengan variasi jamur P. chrysosporium, hidrolisa 0,25 % H2SO4 dan pemanasan (didih) 100 + 3oC selama 30 menit dan Cellvibrio dengan hasil terbanyak pada substrat eceng gondok 20 g dan waktu 96 jam. Laju pembentukan gula reduksi maksimum (Vmaks) sebesar 0,762 mg/g.jam dan Km senilai 0,03 %.
PERBANDINGAN RANGKA JEMBATAN TIPE WARREN DAN TIPE PRATT PADA JEMBATAN BRANTAS
Authors: Santoso Adi Nugroho , Sumaidi Sumaidi
Published: May 2022

Jembatan merupakan fasilitas penghubung suatu wilayah yang berfungsi untuk fasilitas penunjang ekonomi wilayah tersebut. Jembatan memiliki fungsi krusial disuatu wilayah untuk melakukan aktifitas dan pekerjaan sehari-hari seperti, perdagangan, sosial, politik & lain sebagainya. Di Jawa timur, tipe rangka yang digunakan banyak menggunakan rangka tipe Warren, sehingga diperlukan perbandingan analisis dengan tipe jembatan lain untuk menentukan tipe jembatan yang paling efisien. Pada analisis ini dipakai jembatan tipe Pratt. Analisis ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan rasio kekuatan terhadap berat struktur total. Dari output analisis didapat dalam Jembatan tipe Warren rasio kekuatan terhadap berat struktur adalah 3,417 sedangkan jembatan tipe Pratt mempunyai rasio kekuatan terhadap berat struktur adalah 3,358. Besar defleksi yang terjadi pada struktur rangka Warren adalah sebesar -0.0528 lebih kecil daripada jembatan tipe Pratt yaitu -0.0571. Berat dari struktur jembatan tipe Warren memiliki berat sebesar 18042,4 kg, sedangkan jembatan tipe Pratt sebesar 19023 kg. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang didapat, maka ditunjukkan bahwa rasio kekuatan dan berat struktur jembatan tipe Warren adalah 3,417 dan tipe Pratt sebesar 3,358.
PENGARUH LUAS RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU TERHADAP PENURUNAN NO2 BERDASARKAN NILAI TOTAL KOLOM CITRA SATELIT GOME 2 METOP-B
Authors: Haryo Putro Raden Kokoh , Amalia Aussie , Hendrasarie Novirina
Published: May 2022

Penggunaan bahan bakar fosil untuk kendaraan bermotor di Indonesia berpotensi menghasilkan emisi udara yang dapat mencemari lingkungan terutama kesehatan manusia. Parameter yang sering dijadikan acuan pencemaran oleh emisi kendaraan bermotor yaitu NO2. Pada saat ini citra satelit telah dikembangkan dan dimanfaatkan di berbagai bidang. Salah satunya yaitu guna melakukan pemantauan kualitas udara. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu melakukan analisa pengaruh rasio luas Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) di Kota Surabaya dan Jakarta terhadap penurunan NO2 dilakukan pada penelitian ini. Metode yang digunakan dengan menggunakan data NO2 troposfer berdasarkan data total kolom NO2 citra satelit GOME 2 METOP B.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan luar ruang terbuka memberikan pengaruh terhadap penurunan angka NO2 di udara.
TINGKAT KERAWANAN BENCANA BIOLOGIS DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD) DENGAN PENDEKATAN SPASIAL DI KABUPATEN BOMBANA
Authors: Husen Osu Oheoputra , Tamburaka Erny
Published: May 2022

Penelitian menganalisa persebaran indeks kerawanan DBD berdasarkan incidence rate (IR). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Bombana Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara Penelitian menggunakan desain kuantitatif. Objek analisis adalah jumlah kasus, frekuensi serta indeks kerawan. Data dianalisis secara deksriptif kualitaif dan analisis spasial (ArcView 3.2). Kasus DBD di Kabupaten Bombana tersebar di enam kecamatan dan 35 desa/kelurahan. Poleang Barat 208 kasus, Poleang 111 kasus, Poleang Selatan 64 kasus, Poleang Timur 46 kasus, Rumbia 24 kasus dan Rumbia Tengah 17 kasus. Ada 12 desa/kelurahan berstatus “sangat rawan”, 6 yang “rawan”, 2 yang “agak rawan”, 8 yang “agak aman” dan 7 desa/kelurahan yang “aman”. Rata-rata jumlah kasus DBD yang terjadi sekitar 0,33-0,98 % dari total jumlah penduduk.  Ditemukan usia 0-10 tahun (48,30 %), 11-20 tahun (28,09 %). Menjangkiti laki-laki sebanyak 49,57 % dan perempuan 50,43 %.
EFISIENSI PENYISIHAN KADAR BOD PADA LIMBAH CAIR TAHU MENGGUNAKAN TANAMAN BAMBU AIR DENGAN SISTEM SUB SURFACE FLOW CONSTRUCTED WETLAND
Authors: Kholisah Alfiani Nur , Pramitasari Noven , Kartini Audiananti Meganandi
Published: May 2022

The tofu industry in Indonesia is growing very rapidly due to the high public demand for tofu.. Most of the tofu industries in Indonesia are household-scale industries that are not equipped with waste treatment so that processing is needed, one of which is Phyto-treatment. In this research, tofu wastewater treatment is carried out using a water bamboo plant (Equisetum hyemale) through a sub-surface flow constructed wetland system. This study aims to eliminate the levels of organic pollutants in the tofu wastewater which can be seen from the levels of BOD (biological oxygen demand) and to determine the effect of the number of plants and the type of media on the BOD levels. The test was Phyto-treatment carried out for 20 days with a residence time of BOD testing on days 5, 10, 15, and 20. Based on the results of the study, the efficiency of removing BOD levels on day 20 in the X1Y1, X2Y1, X1Y2, and X2Y2 reactors was 40.93%, 79.10%, 26.53%, and 53.61%, respectively. The efficiency of removal of the highest BOD levels was found in the X2Y1 Reaktor. Meanwhile, based on the results of statistical tests using two-way ANOVA, it can be concluded that the number of plants and the type of media had a significant effect on the BOD levels
PEMANFAATAN ECENG GONDOK MENJADI BIOETANOL DENGAN PROSES FERMENTASI
Authors: Firmansyah Mohammad Yudhistira , Wahyudi Dwi Darmawan , Widodo Laurentius Urip
Published: May 2022

Indonesia mempunyai iklim yang mendukung untuk tumbuhnya eceng gondok (Eichornia Crasipess), maka ketersediaan eceng gondok di Indonesia sangat banyak. Eceng gondok termasuk dalam tanaman yang jarang sekali dimanfaatkan. Kandungan selulosa yang dimiliki oleh tanaman eceng gondok sebesar 64,51% dan kandungan lignin sebesar 7,69%. Kandungan selulosa yang terdapat di dalam eceng gondok ini lah yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pembuatan bioethanol. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kondisi ideal fermentasi eceng gondok. Terdapat tiga proses yang dilakukan untuk membuat bioethanol yaitu delignifikasi, hidrolisis, dan fermentasi. Proses delignifikasi menggunakan larutan NaOH 10 % yang bertujuan untuk menghilangkan kadar lignin. Hasil dari proses delignifikasi dilakukan proses hidrolisis yang menggunakan larutan H₂SO₄ 5% dengan tujuan untuk mengubah selulosa menjadi glukosa. Selanjutnya selama : 3, 5, 7, 9, dan 11 hari sebagai variabel waktu dalam proses fermentasi serta massa ragi (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae) : 3, 4, 5, 6, dan 7 gram yang disertai dengan penambahan pupuk NPK dan Urea sebagai nutrient dalam proses fermentasi. Hasil terbaik setelah diuji menggunakan alat Gas Chromatography (GC) didapatkan pada kondisi fermentasi selama 7 hari dan massa Saccharomyces Cerevisiae sebesar 6 gram dengan penambahan pupuk NPK dan Urea, didapatkan hasil kadar etanol sebesar 0,528 %.
Chaotically Enhanced Meta-Heuristic Algorithms for Optimal Design of Truss Structures with Frequency Constraints
Authors: Kaveh Ali , Yousefpoor Hossein
Published: May 2022

The natural frequencies of any structure contain useful information about the dynamic behavior of that structure, and by controlling these frequencies, the destructive effects of dynamic loads, including the resonance phenomenon, can be minimized. Truss optimization by applying dynamic constraints has been widely welcomed by researchers in recent decades and has been presented as a challenging topic. The main reason for this choice is quick access to dynamic information by examining natural frequencies. Also, frequency constraint relations are highly nonlinear and non-convex and have implicit variables, so using mathematical and derivative methods will be very difficult and time consuming. In this regard, the use of meta-heuristic algorithms in truss weight optimization with frequency constraints has good results, but with the introduction of form variables, these algorithms trap at local optima. In this research, by applying chaos map in meta-heuristic algorithms, suitable conditions have been provided to escape from local optima and access to global optimums. These algorithms include Chaotic Cyclical Parthenogenesis Algorithms (CCPA), Chaotic Biogeography-Based Optimization (CBBO), Chaotic Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization (CTLBO) and Chaotic Particle Swarm Optimization (CPSO), respectively. Also, by using different scenarios, a good balance has been achieved between the exploration and exploitation of the algorithms.
Estudio de viabilidad de sistemas fotovoltaicos como fuente de energía: caso Universidad San Gregorio Portoviejo
Authors: Saltos Rivera Johanna , Navas Bayona Walter
Published: May 2022

Introducción. Hoy en día son muchos los países que buscan alternativas para la producción de energía de fuentes y recursos naturales que además de representar una economía contribuyan a la disminución de la contaminación ambiental, flagelo, que está causando un gran daño al planeta y que ha llamado la atención de científicos, gobernantes y demás organizaciones mundiales que luchan por la conservación del ambiente. Una de las energías que está ganando un gran auge, es la energía fotovoltaica, la cual se obtiene a través de la energía solar y por medio de la cual se puede obtener energía eléctrica. Objetivo. Describir los aspectos más importantes sobre este tipo de energía, y la factibilidad de aplicación como fuente de energía en la Universidad San Gregorio Portoviejo. Metodología. De tipo descriptivo, bibliográfico y cualitativo. Resultados. Según los resultados obtenidos se puede observar que el flujo de caja obtenido luego de la inversión inicial es positivo, lo cual indica que el proyecto sería factible, ya que los costos no superan los ahorros que se obtendrán. Conclusión. La energía fotovoltaica, representa hoy en día, una alternativa para producir una energía de bajo costo y que no produce contaminación ambiental, por lo cual su uso se ha incrementado en varios países. A pesar de que los costos de instalación suelen ser elevados, es una inversión que generara ahorro en el futuro y reducción de los gastos en cuanto a la energía consumida.