bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sperm fatty acid composition, semen quality, and reproductive performance of roosters fed diets supplemented with n-3 fatty acids and ginger (Zingiber officinale)
Authors: Demir Mina Rashidi , Raei Hamid , Adabi Shahram Golzar , Torshizi Mohammad Amir Karimi , Cedden Fatin
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary n-3 fatty acids and ginger (Zingiber officinale) supplementation on semen quality, sperm fatty acids, and reproductive performance of roosters. Seventy-two roosters (30 weeks old) were randomly allocated into 4 dietary treatments including 1) basal diet as the control group (F0G0), 2) basal diet supplemented with 20 g/kg fish oil (F2G0), 3) basal diet supplemented with 30 g/kg ginger powder (PG) (F0G3), and 4) basal diet supplemented with 20 g/kg fish oil and 30 g/kg ginger powder (F2G3) for 10 consecutive weeks. The levels of sperm linolenic acid, EPA, and DHA were higher in fish oil-fed roosters (P<0.05). A lower percentage of sperm linoleic and arachidonic acids were recorded in F2G0 and F2G3 groups (P<0.05). At 38 weeks of age, a higher sperm volume was found in F0G3 roosters than in the F0G0 and F2G0 groups. From week 34 to the end of the experiment, sperm viability, sperm abnormality, and sperm motility were significantly improved in the GP-fed roosters (F0G3 and F2G3 groups) (P<0.05). Significantly lowest sperm concentration overall the experiment was observed in the F2G0 group (P<0.05). Higher testosterone levels and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content were recorded in F0G3 and F2G3 groups in comparison to the F2G0 (P<0.05). Also, the fertility rate of collected eggs from F0G3 and F2G3 groups was higher compared to F2G0 group (P<0.05). In conclusion, although the use of fish oil in roosters’ diets alone had a negative effect on some parameters related to reproductive performance, the use of ginger powder alone or along with fish oil improved semen quality and fertility potential.
The effect of raw, hydrobarothermally treated and fermented rapeseed cake on plasma biochemical parameters, total tract digestibility and gut function in laying hens
Authors: Orlich Magdalena , Drażbo Aleksandra , Ognik Katarzyna , Rogiewicz Anna , Juśkiewicz Jerzy
Published: May 2023

This study evaluated the effects of inclusion of raw, hydrobarothermally treated and fermented rapeseed cake (RRC, HRC and FRC, respectively) in diets fed to laying hens. Hydrobarothermal treatment decreased the hydroxyglucobrassicin and neoglucobrassicin content of rapeseed cake (RC), whereas fermentation significantly reduced the content of all glucosinolates (GLS) and phytate phosphorus (PP) concentration. Both HRC and FRC increased the serum concentrations of total protein (TP) and globulin (GLB), compared with group C. Group HRC hens had desirably lowest blood triacylglycerol (TAG) levels and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity. Group FRC hens were characterized by the lowest alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and the highest concentrations of phosphorus (P) and triiodothyronine (T3). Regardless of its form, RC improved ether extract (EE) digestibility, and decreased dry matter (DM) digestibility and calcium (Ca) retention. In comparison with group C, RRC, HRC and FRC decreased cecal digesta weight and enhanced the activity of bacterial α-galactosidase and ß-galactosidase; HRC also increased ammonia concentration in the ceca and reduced β-xylosidase activity. The activity of α-glucosidase and α-arabinopiranosidase was highest, and the activity of bacterial β-glucuronidase was lowest in the ceca of group FRC hens. The cecal concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, and total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA s) were highest in birds fed a diet containing RRC and lowest in group HRC. In conclusion, RC fermentation considerably reduces the concentrations of GLS and PP. A diet containing 20% FRC is more recommended than diets containing RRC and HRC because it exerted a beneficial effect on metabolic parameters and intestinal function in laying hens.
Withania somnifera as a Phytoherbal Growth Promoter for Broiler Farming – A Review
Authors: de Oliveira Maria Cristina , Attia Youssef A. , Khafaga Asmaa F. , Alqurashi Adel D. , Asiry Khalid A. , Taha Ayman E. , Abd El-Hack Mohamed E.
Published: May 2023

Poultry production significantly contributes to bridging the food gap worldwide. Several nations have limited the usage of antibiotic growth promoters due to bacterial resistance to antibiotics and the occurrence of residual antibiotics in the edible tissues of birds. The world is now turning to using natural alternatives to increase poultry production as well as birds’ resistance to diseases. Withania somnifera (WS; family: Solanaceae) is a precious medicinal herb utilized in several countries due to its distinct chemical, medicinal, and physiological properties. This plant has antioxidant, anti-aging, antimicrobial, antitumor, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, immunomodulatory, antidiabetic, antistress, and growth-promoting activities. In poultry, the dietary inclusion of WS revealed a promising result in enhancing productive performance, increasing disease resistance, reducing stress effects, and maintaining the bird’s health. Thus, the current review highlights the morphological features, distribution, chemical structure, and pharmacological features of Withania somnifera as a growth promoter herb for farming broiler chickens.
Considerations For Scaling a Social Enterprise: Key Factors and Elements
Authors: O’Reilly Clodagh , Walsh Lucia , Mottiar Ziene
Published: May 2023

The number of social enterprises has grown exponentially in recent times. International research regarding how social enterprises scale is starting to emerge and is becoming an area of increased focus. Due to their hybridity, social enterprises experience unique scaling challenges, and research has started to examine these experiences. This theoretical paper reviews existing literature on social enterprise scaling and, based on this, proposes a conceptual model for understanding the interdependent factors and elements social enterprises must navigate when scaling. The proposed conceptual model will provide a base for further empirical research. When validated, it will also provide a practical tool for social enterprises exploring scaling possibilities and inform future enterprise and policy supports in this area.
Effect of the Acute Total Gamma Radiation in a Sublethal Dose on the Biophysical Properties of Red Blood Cells, Lipid Peroxidation, Antioxidant Supply and Hemocoagulating Properties of Erythrocytes
Authors: Zaporozhets Tetiana , Korovina Lidiia , Sanyk Oleksandr
Published: May 2023

The aim of the investigation was to study the effect of acute, total gamma-irradiation in a sublethal dose on the biophysical properties of erythrocytes, the intensity of lipid peroxidation, antioxidant supply and hemocoagulating properties of erythrocytes. The experiments were carried out on 11-12-week-old age guinea pigs, males and females in equal numbers. The animals were exposed to a single total radiation at a dose of 4.5 Gy (sublethal dose, LD 50/30). The studies were carried out on the 7th day after exposure to radiation (at the height of radiation sickness). The development of radiation damage was accompanied by intense erythropoiesis and the appearance of erythrocytes with a high resistance to hemolysis and an increased sedimentation rate. After acute gamma irradiation, depletion of the antioxidant system was noted. It manifested in a decrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase of erythrocytes by 19.7% (p<0.01) and the concentration of serum ceruloplasmin by 21.5% (p<0.01). The content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and their accumulation while the incubation of erythrocytes remained within the normal range. The erythrocytes of the irradiated animals exhibited increased procoagulant and decreased antiheparin activity, which reflects conformational changes in highly radiosensitive fatty acid chains of phospholipids in their membranes. A decrease in the fibrinolytic activity of erythrocytes in irradiated animals was found.
Firm-level Technological Upgrading Process in Low-tech Industries: the case of Clothing Industry in Brazil
Authors: Piana Janaina , Tagliari Brustolin Luiza
Published: May 2023

There is a considerable amount of research on technological upgrading and innovation. However, the majority of studies tend to focus on R&D and patents aspects in high-tech industries. Seeking to contribute to rebalancing the analysis, we examine how occurs technological upgrading path in a low-tech industry, the clothing industry from emerging market. The low-tech industries represent around 90% of the economy of emerging countries, such as Brazil. The research design is operationalized from depth individual case study. The findings show that the clothing industry, even though characterized as low-tech, has not remained technologically stagnant, developing innovative activities and a path-follower. However, although it can be considered innovative, the industry shows little association with 4.0 technologies. The research questions biases in extant research and policy debate towards certain types of innovative capabilities, industries, and taxonomies that limit the understanding of innovation and technological catch-up in different industrial settings.
Brainport Eindhoven: born from crisis - 25 years as a Triple Helix Governed Ecosystem
Authors: Bronneberg Mark , Pieterse Jos , Post Ger
Published: May 2023

Various researchers have called for research into positive examples of successful triple helix governed ecosystems. Triple Helix collaborations are seen as the solution to tackle the current ‘wicked problems’ of society. Researchers are encouraged to enhance our understanding of governing inter-organizational collaborations (ecosystems) in the context of university-industry-government (Triple Helix) relations. In this paper we therefore describe a case study of the Brainport Eindhoven ecosystem in the Netherlands which embodies a triple helix organization and how the regional governmental structure (Brainport Foundation and Brainport Development) on the one hand stabilizes at a strategic level and on the other hand gives flexibility at the tactical and operational level. This leads to the transfer of knowledge and to innovation and change within the network. Using mixed methods of 1) analysis of (strategic) documents about the regional governance used and how the Brainport Eindhoven mission evolved through time; 2) semi-structured interviews with current and former Brainport Foundation board members and former Brainport Development managers; and 3) network participant observations; we reveal rich experiences from 25 years of Brainport Eindhoven. This research shows the historical overview of Brainport Eindhoven and how the triple helix parties together managed several  regional or worldwide crises. This togetherness was crucial in the development of a successful regional ecosystem. Our findings illustrate the fragile balance between stability and flexibility within the ecosystem and its governance based on processes of common sensemaking by all stakeholders. Our paper contributes to a better understanding of the development and governance of triple helix entrepreneurial ecosystems. Finally, this paper makes suggestions for future research by discussing the ambition to transform the ecosystem into a Quadruple Helix (adding the ‘community’ as a fourth pillar) organized ecosystem.
Issues of modernization of academic activities in higher education in Russia
Authors: YAKUSHEV Aleksei Zh. , FILIN Sergei A. , VELIKOROSSOV Vladimir V. , LANCHAKOV Aleksandr B. , BALAKHANOVA Dariko K.
Published: May 2023

Subject. This article examines the issues of reform of the education system of Russia.
Objectives. The article aims to propose measures to transform higher education, taking into account the goals of ensuring the technological sovereignty of Russia.
Methods. For the study, we used general scientific research methods.
Results. The article identifies trends in the development of the Russian higher education system and offers recommendations for the modernization of scientific and educational activities in Russia.
Conclusions. Modern Russian higher education needs crisis management. It is possible to develop the concept of crisis management in the field of education only on the basis of the concept of socio-economic development of the country.
The role of fixed assets in the modern Russian economy
Authors: SMIRNOV Valerii V.
Published: May 2023

Subject. The article deals with ensuring the technological sovereignty of Russia.
Objectives. The purpose is to determine the impact of characteristics of fixed assets on a number of macroeconomic indicators.
Methods. The study employs methods of statistical, neural network, and cluster analysis.
Results. The paper established that the growth of fixed assets renewal coefficient has a positive effect on the dynamics of the current total market capitalization of shares of leading Russian companies.
Conclusions. The findings can be applied to designing programs for the development of the financial sector of the Russian economy.
Development of the Central Black Earth macroregion's economy in the context of spatial polarization of areas
Authors: VLADYKA Marina V. , STRYABKOVA Elena A. , SHULYAKOVA Viktoriya V. , BURDINSKAYA Dar'ya M.
Published: May 2023

Subject. This article considers the macroregion as an important economic unit.
Objectives. The article aims to assess the investment potential of the Central Black Earth macroregion and analyze the changes in economic indicators reflecting the level of development of entrepreneurship.
Methods. For the study, we used a comparative analysis and tabular and graphic visualization methods.
Results. The article finds a relationship between the competitive advantages of the subjects of the macroregion and the level of spatial polarization. There is a high probability of localization of regional economies.
Conclusions. It is necessary to develop programmes aimed at smoothing out disparities in the socio-economic development of areas.
Region’s reputation development as a determinant of the national economy development: Evidence from the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: SHAGEEVA Gul’nara R.
Published: May 2023

Subject. This article discusses the role of the region's reputation in the implementation of major economic projects.
Objectives. The article aims to determine the advantages of the Republic of Tatarstan over other regions of Russia in terms of the formation of reputation capital.
Methods. For the study, I used a statistical analysis.
Results. The article finds that the Republic of Tatarstan ranks fourth in the overall ranking of the Russian Federation regions, and it has good opportunities to strengthen its reputation capital.
Relevance. The results of the study can be applied when forecasting the regional socioeconomic development.
Analisa Fraud Pada Transaksi Kartu Kredit Menggunakan Algoritma Random Forest
Authors: Armiani Ravina , Agustini Eka Puji
Published: May 2023

Abstrak — Seiring dengan terjadinya pandemi Covid-19 penggunaan kartu kredit pun meningkat, kartu kredit menjadi opsi sistem pembayaran yang banyak digunakan karena kemudahan layanan dan juga kemudahan untuk diakses oleh siapa pun, pembayaran menggunakan kartu kredit juga dapat mengurangi terjadinya penularan Covid-19 melalui kontak fisik. Dengan bertambah banyaknya penggunaan kartu kredit, kasus fraud menggunakan kartu kredit pun meningkat. Untuk mengatasi banyaknya kasus fraud yang terjadi, pihak perbankan memerlukan upaya atau solusi untuk mendeteksi tindakan fraud secara cepat dan akurat. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah pendeteksian fraud menggunakan machine learning dengan algoritma random forest.
Multifidelity Design of Structurally Embedded Waveguides
Authors: Brooks Joseph , Canfield Robert A.
Published: May 2023

Slotted waveguides embedded in aircraft skin panels may not support a buckling load without failure in the copper waveguide due to stress concentrations created by the corners of the slots. To create designs strong enough to avoid compressive failure before buckling instability, an initial offset in the copper waveguide may be added so that the supporting skin cover and backplane take additional load to prevent failure at the waveguide slot corners. A structural model is developed to include a gap in the eigenvalue analysis through a prestress term, and subsequently to account for the gap in an optimization procedure. Additionally, a curve fit is used to account for local buckling modes that reduce the plate buckling mode of the final panel design. These factors combine to allow for a low-fidelity model to account for the gap and local buckling without the need for a high-fidelity model using plate or contact modeling. This low-fidelity model is then run through an optimizer, producing designs that are stronger and/or lighter for a fraction of the computational cost of prior high-fidelity models.
Genetic-Algorithm-Guided Development of Parametric Aeroelastic Reduced-Order Models with State-Consistence Enforcement
Authors: Shu Jung I. , Wang Yi , Brown Alessandro , Kaminsky Andrew
Published: May 2023

Data-driven parametric reduced-order models (ROMs) in state-space form are valuable tools for rapid aeroelastic (AE) analysis and aerostructure control synthesis. However, the issue of state inconsistence (significant variations in model parameters over tradespaces) makes ROMs noninterpolatable, and therefore unable to accommodate use over broad flight parameter space. This paper presents a holistic framework that combines a system identification technique with state-consistence enforcement (SCE) and a genetic algorithm (GA) for the automated development of interpolatable AE ROMs across broad flight regimes. The SCE technique introduces a regularization term to the AutoRegressive model with eXogenous inputs (ARX) to specifically penalize model parameter variation between flight conditions. The GA autonomously guides the ROM development process toward optimal SCE-ARX hyperparameter selection that balances between model parameter variations and ROM accuracy. The GA-guided SCE-ARX approach is applied to build a parametric AE-ROM database at selected flight conditions, which, because of its state consistence, can be interpolated to create ROMs at any interstitial conditions, where training data or ROMs are not initially available, hence rapidly establishing the full coverage of the entire parameter space. The ROMs generated by the proposed method are compared with those by ARX, SCE, and GA-guided ARX in prediction accuracy. The individual and combined effects of SCE and GA on model parameter variation and ROM interpolatability are thoroughly investigated. The present method demonstrates the most accurate and robust performance for parametric ROM construction across the broad flight envelope.
Can CBD help to combat COVID variants?
Authors: Rosner Marsha , Nguyen Long
Published: May 2023

There is an urgent need to find new treatments that complement the use of vaccines and antiviral drugs to combat the COVID-19 pandemic.  Our interdisciplinary research team uncovered evidence that cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive compound produced by cannabis plants, has the potential to inhibit SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID.
The missing galaxies in the early universe
Authors: Covelo Paz Alba
Published: May 2023

Faraway galaxies are hard to detect, not only because they appear fainter, but also because the light that we detect from them is infrared. Many of these objects were invisible to us until the James Webb Space Telescope was launched. With this new telescope, scientists discovered 33 new galaxies in the early universe. This opens the door for James Webb to find many new galaxies.
PRIMARY COLLECTION REGISTERS OF THE ESTATES OF PRINCE V.-K. OF OSTROH 1577
Authors: Atamanenko Viktor
Published: May 2023

The article examines the collection of primary collection registers of estates of the book V.-K. Ostrozki in 1577. They are an important element in the structure of descriptive-statistical sources from the history of Volyn. The primary registers were created by landowners or their representatives and were the basis for creating summary tax documents. The latter are widely used in research, including source studies and practice. Primary registers are not sufficiently introduced into scientific circulation. The importance of the primary registers of 1577 also lies in the fact that they reflected the devastation of Volyn after the Tatar attacks of 1575 and 1577. The presence of primary (1570 and 1577) and general (1570, 1577, 1583, 1589) collections registers creates opportunities to examine the state and dynamics of the development of social and economic phenomena. Other sources of a descriptive and statistical nature are unknown for the Volyn estates of the princes of Ostroh of the second half of the 16th century. The most important feature of collections registers is the display of social indicators of the urban and rural populations. Documentation of a primary nature, which was created by order of the owners and related to individual estate complexes, contains a number of testimonies that were lost during the generalization. Such are the formulary characteristics and language of primary fiscal notes, the level of implementation of economic innovations, elements of the gender structure of the population, anthroponymy, names of owners, etc. Primary collections registers were introduced on the territory of Volyn at the end of 1569, and their registration did not have an established standard due to the lack of tradition and experience. The nature of filing tax statements into the registers also differed. These features, even in the registers created by the same domain office, differed significantly. Tax documentation of the estates of V.-K. Ostrozky has a sufficiently high territorial representativeness. The entirety of tax documentation constitutes a single source system, which requires the study of all its elements, including primary tax registers.
THE BEGINNING OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF V. LYPYNSKYI'S CONSERVATIVE INDEPENDENCE IN THE INTERPRETATION OF MODERN HISTORIOGRAPHY
Authors: Symonovych Dmytro
Published: May 2023

The article attempts to analyze the works of modern researchers of the beginnings of Vyacheslav Lypynskyi's life (childhood, high school, and student periods) in terms of their assessments of the circumstances, factors, and ways of shaping those features of his worldview that contributed to his formation as a leading figure of the Ukrainian conservative and independent movement of the first third of the twentieth century. Their interpretation of the critical aspects of the problem under study is considered, and in this sense, the main approaches of modern Lipinski scholarship are defined.
ORGANIC MOLECULAR CRYSTAL STRUCTURE PREDICTION USING THE DENSITY FUNCTIONAL TIGHT BINDING (DFTB) METHOD
Authors: Kitheka Maureen , Jing Yan , Yao Yan , Goyal Puja
Published: May 2023

Over the years, crystal structure prediction (CSP) has thrived as an area of research, spanning various scientific disciplines and having significant applications in industries such as pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Within the field of batteries, redox-active organic materials (ROMs) such as quinones have received increased attention as promising electrode materials for rechargeable batteries. However, experimental determination of the crystal structure of intermediate species formed during the discharge/charge cycle can often be challenging. Incomplete X-ray diffraction patterns can also lead to difficulties in crystal structure determination for ROMs used in batteries. Here, we systematically investigate the ability of the third-order density functional tight binding method (DFTB3) in conjunction with the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, as implemented in the CALYPSO software, to predict the crystal structures of different classes of organic molecules chosen from the X23 data set. We also apply this approach to predict the crystal structures of selected quinones. Our findings emphasize the potential of CALYPSO/DFTB as a promising approach for CSP of different classes of organic molecules, including quinones. Additionally, they establish the foundation for future CSP studies of other organic molecules utilized in rechargeable batteries.
The 228 valence electron rule for onion-like inorganic fullerenes X1@Y12@Z20 of Ih and Th symmetry
Authors: Patzer A.B.C. , Chang Christian , Bauer Hans , Sülzle Detlev
Published: May 2023

Based on an analysis of the experimentally known 228e- valence electron systems AsNi12As203-, SbNi12Sb203-, SbPd12Sb203-, and SnCu12Sn2012- of Ih symmetry, the new species GeZn12Ge20, KrNi12As20, BrNi12As201-, SeNi12As202-, GeMn12Br20, SeCo12Se206+, and SeFe12Se206- have been designed according to the 228 electron rule introduced in this study for onion-like inorganic fullerenes composed of late main group and transition metal elements. Of these GeZn12Ge20, KrNi12As20, BrNi12As201-, SeNi12As202-, and GeMn12Br20 together with the known AsNi12As203- and its neutral counterpart were investigated at the DFT B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory. With one exception they show, in fact, two stable energetic minima of Ih and Th symmetry. Relaxing the symmetry constraints further, e.g. Y12 = {Q6,R6}, additional new neutral species of the general composition Z@Q6R6@Z20 of C5v and C2v symmetry can be formulated, i.e. Z = Se, Q = Fe, R = Mn, following this new building principle, therefore, supporting and inspiring the development of new materials of icosahedral and tetrahedral symmetry. Dedicated to Professor Helmut Schwarz on the occasion of his 80th birthday
High-Dimensional Neural Network Potentials for Accurate Prediction of Equation of State: A Case Study of Methane
Authors: Abedi Mostafa , Behler Jörg , Goldsmith C. Franklin
Published: May 2023

Machine learning-based interatomic potentials, such as those provided by neural networks, are increasingly important in molecular dynamics simulations. In the present work, we consider the applicability and robustness of machine learning molecular dynamics to predict the equation of state properties of methane using high-dimensional neural network potentials (HDNNPs). We investigate two different strategies for generating training data: one based upon bulk representations using periodic cells, and another based upon clusters of molecules. We assess the accuracy of the trained potentials by predicting the equilibrium mass density for a wide range of thermodynamic conditions to characterize the liquid phase, supercritical fluid and gas phase, as well as the liquid-vapor coexistence curve. Our results show an excellent agreement with reference phase diagrams, with an average error below ∼ 2% for all studied phases. Moreover, we confirm the applicability of models trained on cluster data set for producing accurate and reliable results.
Interpretable Data-Driven Modeling Reveals Complexity of Battery Aging
Authors: Vlijmen Bruis van , Lam Vivek , Asinger Patrick A. , Cui Xiao , Ganapathi Devi , Sun Shijing , Herring Patrick K. , Gopal Chirranjeevi Balaji , Geise Natalie , Deng Haitao D. , Thaman Henry L. , Kang Stephen Dongmin , Trewartha Amalie , Anapolsky Abraham , Storey Brian D. , Gent William E. , Braatz Richard D. , Chueh William C.
Published: May 2023

To reliably deploy lithium-ion batteries, a fundamental understanding of cycling and aging behavior is critical. Battery aging, however, consists of complex and highly coupled phenomena, making it challenging to develop a holistic interpretation. In this work, we generate a diverse battery cycling dataset with a broad range of degradation trajectories, consisting of 363 high energy density commercial Li(Ni,Co,Al)O$_2$/Graphite + SiO$_x$ cylindrical 21700 cells cycled under 218 unique cycling protocols. We consolidate aging via 16 mechanistic state-of-health (SOH) metrics, including cell-level performance metrics, electrode-specific capacities/state-of-charges (SOCs), and aging trajectory descriptors. Through the use of interpretable machine learning and explainable features, we deconvolute the underlying factors that contribute to battery degradation. This generalizable data-driven framework reveals the complex interplay between cycling conditions, degradation modes, and SOH, representing a holistic approach towards understanding battery aging.
Influence of radiation therapy on the development of complications in single-stage autologous breast reconstruction with a DIEP-flap in breast cancer patients: a retrospective study
Authors: Duadze Ilona S. , Kaprin Andrei D. , Zikiryakhodzhaev Aziz D. , Reshetov Igor V. , Usov Fedor N. , Rasskazova Elena A. , Sukhotko Anna S. , Starkova Marianna V. , Bagdasarova Daria V. , Dzhabrailova Dzhamilya S. , Khakimova Shakhnoza G.
Published: May 2023

Breast reconstruction after complex oncological treatment is an urgent issue due to the high incidence of breast cancer.
Aim. To analyze the effect of postoperative radiotherapy on the incidence of fat necrosis in single-stage autologous breast reconstruction with a DIEP flap and to evaluate the number of complications in groups with and without postoperative radiotherapy, as well as to determine the risk factors for complications.
Materials and methods. The medical records of 34 breast cancer patients who underwent one-stage breast reconstruction using a DIEP flap after skin-sparing/subcutaneous mastectomy with and without subsequent radiation therapy were retrospectively studied. The frequency of complications in groups with and without postoperative radiation therapy was assessed.
Results. Complications developed in 22 (64.7%) patients out of 34. Mild complications developed in 6 (17.6%) patients (divergence of the edges of the postoperative wound of the anterior abdominal wall). Complications of moderate severity developed in 12 (35.3%) patients. Severe complications developed in 4 (11.8%) patients. Out of 22 patients, 6 (17.4%) patients developed areas of fat necrosis after remote radiation therapy in the delayed period, 4 (11.8%) patients, without ESWL, also developed fat necrosis of a part of the flap (areas up to 5 cm). Excision of the area of fat necrosis of the flap was performed in 2 (5.9%) cases under local anesthesia, the rest of the areas of fat necrosis were not excised. The percentage of complications was higher in the group of patients with obesity (20.6%), which indicates that obesity is a risk factor for the development of intraoperative and postoperative complications in patients with simultaneous breast reconstruction with a DIEP flap.
Conclusion. During radiotherapy after breast reconstruction with a DIEP flap, the incidence of fat necrosis of the flap was higher. Obesity is a risk of intraoperative and postoperative complications in patients with simultaneous increased breast reconstruction with a DIEP flap, since the incidence of complications was in the group of patients with obesity.
Following in the footsteps of SABCS 2022: top 12 advanced breast cancer studies that could change our clinical practice: A review
Authors: Kolyadina Irina V.
Published: May 2023

A review of the data presented at the SABCS 2022 conference on the treatment of advanced breast cancer (metastatic breast cancer mBC) was conducted; 12 of the most exciting, creative, and significant randomized and population studies were identified, the results of which were reported at oral or poster sessions. For the first time, new and unique data on the treatment of HR+HER2-negative mBC from the following studies were presented: RIGHT Choice phase II randomized clinical study (combination endocrine therapy with ribociclib versus chemotherapy in aggressive disease, including visceral crisis), PACE study (combination endocrine therapy with palbociclib after disease progression on CDK4/6 inhibitors), and several studies on choosing the optimal treatment strategy for hormone-resistant breast cancer (CAPItello-291, EMERALD, SERENA-2, TROPiCS-02). A clear-cut favorite, trastuzumab deruxtecan, became available in treating pre-treated HER2+ mBC; at the SABCS 2022 conference, new data from a randomized phase III clinical trials (DESTINY-Breast 02 and 03) and two large real-world population analyses from Italy and Japan were presented. Among the studies on advanced triple-negative mBC, noteworthy are the results of two extraordinary phase II clinical studies, DORA and ALICE, which studied the effectiveness and safety of immunotherapy with unusual combinations (with olaparib in the DORA study and with immunomodulatory chemotherapy in the ALICE study).
Effect of transfused donor and autoerythrocytes on the oncological outcomes of surgical treatment in patients with renal cell carcinoma with tumor-related venous thrombosis: observational study
Authors: Volkova Maria I. , Feoktistov Pavel I. , Begaliev Adilet K. , Shin Alexandr R. , Matveev Vsevolod B. , Prikhodchenko Aleksey O.
Published: May 2023

Background. The only effective treatment for renal cell carcinoma with tumor inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis is surgery. Nephrectomy with thrombectomy (NETE) is usually associated with clinically significant blood loss. The role of blood-sparing methods using autoerythrocyte reinfusion device (ARD) or replacement of blood loss with donor erythrocytes (DE) on the outcomes of NETE has not been well studied.
Aim. To study the rate of hemostasis disorders with intraoperative ARD use, as well as the effect of ARD and DE transfusions on specific (SS), relapse-free (RFS), and progression-free (PFS) survival of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) after NETE.
Materials and methods. The observational study included medical data of 507 patients with RCC and tumor IVC thrombosis operated after NETE. The median volume of blood loss was 4000 [20006500] mL. In 312 (61.5%) patients, ARD without a leukocyte filter was used to compensate for blood loss (median volume of reinfused autoerythrocytes AE was 1140 [700; 1900] mL). Transfusion of DE was required in 387 (76.3%) cases; the median number of DE transfused doses was 3 [1; 5]; 475 (93.7%) patients were discharged from the hospital. The median follow-up of all surviving patients was 24 (1189) months.
Results. Indications for blood transfusions (DE and AE) were directly correlated to the pN (r=0.101; p=0.024) and pT (r=0.091; p=0.040) categories, respectively. The use of AE had no significant effect on the rate of hemostasis disorders and coagulopathic complications compared to other methods of blood loss replacement: 6.8% (21/311) vs 4.7% (9/193), p=0.227; 5.1% (16/311) vs 4.1% (8/193), p=0.394, respectively. ARD had no effect on SS, RFS (after radical surgery), and PFS (after cytoreductive surgery) after NETE. There was a reduction of SS in patients who received DE transfusions compared with those who did not (hazard ratio 0.4; 95% confidence interval 0.10.9; p=0.048). The effects of DE transfusions on RFS and PFS were not identified.
Conclusion. Intraoperative ARD use is an effective and safe method of correcting anemia, which does not increase the risk of coagulopathic complications or decrease survival rates. The non-use of the leukocyte filter during AE preparation does not worsen the medium-term oncological results of RCC surgical treatment with tumor IVC thrombosis. The effect of DE transfusion on the survival of RCC patients after NETE requires further research.
Targeted therapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma in pediatric and adolescent patients: a pilot protocol results
Authors: Tsaplina Natalia S. , Valiev Timur T. , Kirgizov Kirill I. , Varfolomeeva Svetlana R.
Published: May 2023

Background. Introduction a targeted drugs in a real clinical practice bring a vast improvement of prognosis in patients with relapsed and refractory (r/r) Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). But it is necessary to increase the experience in anti-CD30 monoclonal antibodies in combination with second-line chemotherapy in pediatric oncology/hematology.
Aim. To estimate the effectiveness of chemoimmunotherapy (ViGePD+BV scheme) in pediatric patients with r/r classical HL (cHL).
Materials and methods. From January 2018 to October 2022, 15 patients with r/r cHL received scheme ViGePD+BV. Programmed treatment included autologous stem cell transplantation (auto-SCT) in 11 (73%) patients. The potency assignment of antitumour treatment was performed with positron emission tomography/computed tomogtaphy (PET-CT).
Results. Complete metabolic response (PET-negative status) was achieved in all 15 (100%) patients after 4 inductive courses by ViGePD+BV scheme; 4-year relapse-free survival was 90.98.7%.
Conclusion. Our preliminary data of a pilot protocol of study a chemoimmunotherapy effectiveness for r/r cHL with brentuximab vedotin show a high potency of ViGePD+BV scheme in patients with r/r HL.
Can musical interventions benefit patients with cancer?
Authors: Razumovskaya Elena A.
Published: May 2023

This publication is the Russian translation of the Plain Language Summary (PLS) of the Cochrane Systematic Review: Bradt J, Dileo C, Myers-Coffman K, Biondo J. Music interventions for improving psychological and physical outcomes in people with cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021;10(10):CD006911. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006911.pub4
The effect of CDK4/6 inhibitors on the overall survival in patients with advanced HR+/HER2- BC in the entire population and in special clinical subgroups of unfavorable prognosis: A review
Authors: Grechukhina Katerina S. , Kalugin Maxim V. , Prosvirnov Andrey A. , Sukhova Margarita V. , Zhukova Liudmila G.
Published: May 2023

An increase in the median progression-free survival when using cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors in combination with aromatase inhibitors led to high expectations from the analysis of the overall survival of patients with HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer. Of the three drugs in the group, the final data were obtained in the MONALEESA-2 and PALOMA-2 studies, while a statistically significant difference in median overall survival was achieved only with the use of ribociclib. The review discusses possible factors that could affect the final results of the presented studies. The effect of ribociclib on the value of OS in clinically unfavorable prognostic subgroups (for example, patients with visceral metastases) and on progression-free survival depending on the expression of molecular genetic factors that worsen patient survival (such as Rb, p16, Ki-67, CDKN2A, CCND1, ESR1) was analyzed.The combination of ribociclib and aromatase inhibitors has proven to be an advantage in the treatment of patients with HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer in terms of increasing both progression-free survival and overall survival. Efficacy has been proven in subgroups with clinical and molecular adverse prognostic factors.
Combination of encorafenib and binimetinib in the treatment of patients with BRAF-mutated advanced melanoma. Case report
Authors: Orlova Kristina V. , Petenko Natalia N. , Garanina Natalia V. , Demidov Lev V.
Published: May 2023

Background. The need to use BRAF and MEK inhibitors in the treatment of patients with metastatic and/or unresectable BRAF + melanoma in certain clinical situations is beyond doubt nowadays. The medical community need more information about the new combination of targeted therapy approved in Russia, further details on the expected efficacy and tolerability, potential differences from the existing combinations.
Aim. To present of the study results and demonstration of our experience with the new generation of targeted therapy encorafenib and binimetinib combination in the treatment of patients with metastatic and/or inoperable BRAF+ melanoma.
Materials and methods. We present the clinical case of BRAF+ advanced melanoma patient with multiple metastases in the liver, spleen, mediastinal and abdominal lymph nodes, stomach and bones who is being treated with encorafenib and binimetinib since 2015 with the treatment efficacy and tolerability described in details, as well as the published data on the efficacy and tolerability of this combination from the pivotal phase III study COLUMBUS.
Results. High immediate and long-term efficacy, satisfactory tolerability of encorafenib and binimetinib combination are presented. Updated data on progression-free and overall survival in the COLUMBUS study confirmed the long-term efficacy of COMBO450 therapy in patients with advanced melanoma with BRAF V600 mutation.
Conclusion. New generation of BRAFi and MEKi combination expands options of systemic therapy for patients with metastatic and/or inoperable BRAF+ melanoma.
What do Students Think about Ukrainian Higher Education in the Conditions of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chernysh Nataliya , Prykhodko Tetyana
Published: May 2023

The article analyzes a number of empirical studies on the modification of educational systems in the world and in Ukraine during the COVID-19 pandemic and the introduction of quarantine restrictions, including the transition to distance learning. A generalization is made about the dispersed non-systematic nature of these studies and their lack of representativeness due to online methods prevalence, their focus on studying the state of education in primary and secondary education etc. The answer to this was the implementation of a comprehensive representative study «How Does the Youth of Ukraine live during COVID-19» where an author of this article participated as an analyst. The article contains a presentation and an interpretation of the youth attitudes, in particular students, to changes in education during the pandemic in April-June 2020. The main trends of evaluative judgments were identified, the individual experience of students in terms of adaptation to new learning conditions was highlighted and their ideas about opportunities in the field were analyzed. It consists in the respondents' statements about the insufficient preparation of the country's higher education system for the new force majeure situation of distance learning, as well as in the unpreparedness of some students for the new educational requirements. The manifestations of social inequality in receiving a quality education by its recipients have been recorded. At the same time, it was emphasized that in Ukraine the negative impact the pandemic on education was the lowest for students since they showed a higher degree of adaptation to new learning conditions. The article contains a number of suggestions to improve the quality of the educational process in case of new COVID-19 outbreaks.
Consumption of Services as a Process of Value Co-Creation in the Age of Digitalization
Authors: Shyrokova Marharyta
Published: May 2023

The paper is devoted to clarifying the initial provisions of the service-dominant logic, finding an understanding of the process of value co-creation in services, discussing the controversial issue of whether the customer is always its co-creator, consideration of the typology of services according to the degree of individualization (customization) and the degree of involvement of clients in the process of providing services, as well as the analysis of the impact of the digitalization on the interaction of the actors in the services co-creation. It is determined that the consumption of services is a process of customer satisfaction due to direct interaction with the supplier. More and more companies are encouraging customers to participate in service delivery processes and share innovations. Consumption of services is manifested in the mutual beneficial effect, i.e. special value. It is shown that in the study of the services market the concept of value co-creation is applied in relation to the customer or user of services. The degree of individualization of services shows how the service provided meets specific customer requirements or is standardized. The degree of consumer involvement shows the nature of the service, how variable it is. It has been shown that the relationship between service and productivity has recently been mediated by digital transformations in providing of the service process. The impact of technology on the consumption of services is manifested in the increasing complexity of patterns of integration of resources and technological support of connections for continuous interaction. Digital infrastructure is becoming indispensable for the viability of service ecosystems. In general, customer participation in digital transformation has a positive impact on value co-creation.
Higher Education in Dynamic Conditions of (Post)Modernity: is There a Mission? (Based on the Results of Focused Group Interviews)
Authors: Sokuryanska Lyudmyla , Golikov Alexander , Anipchenko Svitlana
Published: May 2023

The article presents the results of a sociological study of the perception by participants of the educational process of the mission and higher school role in the dynamic conditions of (post)modernity. This study was carried out by order of the World Bank by the Sociological Association of Ukraine in 2019. Five institutions of higher education I-II (two institutions) and III-IV (three institutions) levels of accreditation were involved in this study. Five focused group interviews were conducted with heads of various structural divisions and average teachers of selected higher education institutions. The relationship and coexistence of such main tasks of a modern university as "teach", "enlighten", "educate", "research", "earn" are analyzed. The main specifications and features of the perception and practice of the status of a research university in Ukrainian socio-cultural and historical realities are defined. The practical experience of the functioning of Ukrainian higher education between the poles of elitism and mass, "vocation and profession" is given. The issue of the effectiveness of higher education institutions and how it can be investigated and measured has been studied. In particular, the place and role of higher education institutions in the economic development of the country has been investigated. The main dilemmas of differentiation, cooperation and competition are formulated as key processes in the modern higher education system of Ukraine. The conclusions regarding the perception of the main subjects of the educational process of the mission of the university in (post)modern conditions are argued. Prospective directions of further sociological studies of the mission of university education have been determined.
Independence’s Counterparts in the Modern Russian-Ukrainian War
Authors: Lapan Tetiana , Kudrynska Anna
Published: May 2023

The research goal is to outline the various aspects of the behavior of independence’s counterparts in modern Russian-Ukrainian war. In particular, it is noted that this war is characterized as a hybrid one. It is aimed not only at the physical, but also at the informational space. It is characterized by a sufficient blurring of the line between peace and war; masking goals and actions, etc.

The empirical component of the article is based on the results of the projects "In Memory of Lesya Kyzyk Research Project in Oral History: Ukrainian Women in the Military Conflict in Eastern Ukraine (2014-2017)" and " Independence’s counterparts" (April-June 2021). Qualitative research methods (semi-structured biographical interviews) used in both projects made it possible to document the events taking place in modern Ukraine based on personal memories of combatants and to analyze some aspects of their behaviour.

The authors' attention is focused on the importance of 30-year-olds in volunteer units in this war. The authors also paid attention to the peculiarities of the adaptation of servicemen after demobilization. It is noted that the social adaptation of servicemen to civilian life is a complex process of not only physical, but also the "psychological return" of combatants from the war, associated with a number of aspects.

Based on the data of empirical sociological studies, the authors have come to the conclusion that the independence’s counterparts are people of free will, whose consciousness is formed under the conditions of an independent Ukrainian state; their patriotism and desire for freedom have a real embodiment in their behaviour.