bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROBLEM ASPECTS OF TRADITIONAL APPROACHES TO DETERMINATION OF METHODS OF LEGAL REGULATION
Authors: Kotiuk O.
Published: July 2021

The article refutes traditional ideas regarding the existence of the unified and inherent in each specific branch of law method of legal regulation. The following aspects are substantiated: (1) erroneous conclusion that the method of legal regulation is one of the obligatory criteria for distinguishing legal norms in the field of law; (2) that the existing definitions of the concept and content of these methods are controversial; (3) the need to clarify and the issue in question itself, namely whether it is about methods of legal regulation or methods of law, the identification of which is erroneous; (4) incompleteness of the proposed features and systems of these methods; (5) unjustified underestimation in the formation of the doctrine of methods of legal regulation of their conditionality not only by the subject, but also by the purpose and objectives of each of its types, and by what means each of them can be solved. The article proves the following: (1) since the law in the objective sense performs the function of the method, in the theory and practice of legal relations it would be more appropriate to use the concept of not "method of law", but "method of legal regulation"; (2) in the structure of any method, it is necessary to distinguish its content, which is a system of relevant requirements, rules, guidelines, recommendations, etc., and its form, which is the appropriate method of its application; (3) each type of legal regulation provides for the need to solve a huge number of tasks, and therefore uses a huge number of appropriate tools, which include its methods, each of which is marked by its own content and form, its inherent features and has its own structure, which facilitates the choice for its use of the appropriate course of action; (4) components of the system of methods of legal regulation are common law, branch, methods of separate legal institutes and methods of solving separate (atypical) tasks, which determines the relevance of their classification; and (5) methods of legal regulation can be properly characterized only in a system of comprehensive consideration of the following issues: (a) the concept, purpose and objectives of legal regulation; (b) its object and subject; (c) means of legal regulation and what tasks they aim to solve; (d) ways and features of the procedure for their application, fixation and procedural forms of use of obtaining results with their help; (d) subjects authorized to use them; and (e) ways of legal support for the proper use of appropriate means and results obtained with their help. Keywords: legal regulation, branches of law, subject, methods, means, content, form, system, methodology.
CURRENT ISSUES OF IMPROVEMENT OF UKRAINIAN LEGISLATION IN THE FIELD OF HEALTHCARE
Authors: Kryzhevskyi A.
Published: July 2021

The article is dedicated to the issues of legal medical sphere regulation in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to study current issues of improving the Ukrainian legislation in the field of health care, to identify existing problems and outline the ways to solve them.The study of legal phenomena and legal categories was carried out through using general and special legal methods of cognition, namely: classification method, modeling, specific-statistical, systematical-structural, comparative-legal, formal-legal, dialectical and other methods of scientific analysis according to the research subject. Conclusions. The article asserts that for the effective reform of the medical sector and for sufficient protection of legal entities' rights and freedoms in the health care field, a high-quality regulatory framework is needed. It has been proven that the improvement of the current healthcare legislation is complicated by the complex essence of legal relations in this area and the lack of a clear and systematic approach. It is substantiated the expediency of passing the special consolidated legislative act with a clear internal structure – the Medical Code of Ukraine. The author proposes to amend provisions regulating the protection of personal data, epidemiological surveillance and infection control. The adoption of the law on medical self-government and development of modern industry standards for medical care is substantiated. The problems of industry staffing, as well as the lack of strategic documents for the training for health workers and imperfect instructions for managers of several health care institutions are analyzed. The author also identifies the main problems of personnel policy in the healthcare. The author specifies the necessity to unite the efforts of scientists and practitioners in the medicine and jurisprudence for solving all the individual problems on improving the regulatory framework in the field of health care. Keywords: medical reform, healthcare, regulatory act, legislation, Medical code, medical self-government, medical standard, COVID-19, declaration.
GENESIS OF STATEHOOD: UKRAINE-ISRAEL: COMPARATIVE BASIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Vorona Petro
Published: July 2021

In the article the author studies the peculiarities of the influence of three principles of statehood formation (army, language, faith) on the state- building process of Ukraine and Israel, their comparative analysis in the perspective of geopolitical state of these countries.

The author analyzes the emergence and formation of the armed forces of these countries (Armed Forces and the IDF) and their participation in the protection of national interests, security. Quite interesting and instructive is the formation and operation of the military doctrine of Israel, the process of its modernization and the fundamental role of ideological foundations for the IDF in the process of strengthening the defense capabilities of states.

The influence of language and religion for the nation-building and state-building processes of Ukraine and Israel has been studied as a result of a comparative analysis. The author emphasizes the common features of the history of these countries and at the same time different ways and mechanisms of consolidating statehood. In the article the author examines the position of the philosopher T. Wozniak on the very process of development of ideas of Ukraine and Israel in view of institutionalism in the processes of state formation of faith and religion.

Citing Ukrainian researchers, the author emphasizes that the success of Israel and the failure of Ukraine in national politics was caused by one, but very important for the cause of language planning, circumstance. The founding of Israel was ruled by a strong, responsible elite for its people, who wanted it to have its own state after the hardships. In Ukraine, such an elite failed to come to power.

In his conclusions, the author emphasizes that common events in the history of states, similar features of their genesis encourage close interstate mutually beneficial cooperation and taking into account the lessons of state formation.
Training Gifted and Talented Children in the Context of Evidence-Based Practice
Authors: Shumakova N.B.
Published: July 2021

The article analyzes modern research on the effectiveness of the application of different teaching practices for gifted and talented students based on acceleration and enrichment strategies. The data of foreign studies on the size of the educational effect on academic success, social and personal development of gifted and talented students, depending on the applied strategies and training programs, as well as educational levels, are discussed. The positive influence of most forms of acceleration and enrichment on the academic success of gifted students can be considered proven, although the size of the effect is different for different forms and different levels of education. With regard to the socio-emotional and personal development of gifted students, the data on the positive impact is not so clear, while enrichment programs have an advantage, and the maximum effect size is shown for high school students. The problem of the lack of empirical data on the effectiveness of enriched programs for gifted students and most of all for gifted elementary school students has been identified. An example of the implementation of the enrichment strategy for gifted children of this educational level in domestic practice is presented — the program of creative interdisciplinary training “The gifted child”, which has a sufficient, although not complete, evidence base. Its wider implementation and distribution is associated with the problem of psychological and pedagogical training of teachers. The article presents.
Technologies of Psychological and Pedagogical Work in the Education System (the Results of the All-Russian Competition for the Best Psychological and Pedagogical Programs and Technologies in the Educational Environment — 2019)
Authors: Rubtsov V.V. , Romanova E.S.
Published: July 2021

The article is based on the results of the analysis of programs and technologies of psychological and pedagogical work in the education system — the participants of the all-Russian competition for the best psychological and pedagogical programs and technologies in the educational environment — 2019, which is a program part of the XV International scientific and practical conference “Psychology of education: best practices in working with children” (November 20—22, 2019, Moscow). The annual contest for the best psychological and pedagogical programs and technologies in the educational environment is a practical program aimed at improving the professional level and the most complete realization of the creative potential of the educational psychologists in Russia. Based on the criteria of activity and cultural-historical approaches, the analysis of the experience of implementing regional programs for providing psychological and pedagogical assistance to children is aimed at improving the methodological support for psychological and pedagogical activities. The programs and technologies recommended according to the results of the competition demonstrate the place and role of correctional and developmental, preventive, and educational work of teachers-psychologists, as well as the experience of developing interdisciplinary interaction of specialists in the process of psychological and pedagogical support of education.
Loreto BUSQUETS, «Pensamiento social y político en la literatura española. Desde el Renacimiento hasta el siglo XX», Madrid, Verbum, 2014, 393 págs.
Authors: Olay Valdés Rodrigo
Published: July 2021

SIN RESUMEN
Helmut C. JACOBS, «Goya en la poesía», Zaragoza, Institución Fernando el Católico / Diputación de Zaragoza, 2016, 589 págs.
Authors: Olay Valdés Rodrigo
Published: July 2021

SIN RESUMEN
María Ángeles FAYA DÍAZ, Lidia ANES FERNÁNDEZ y Marta FRIERA ÁLVAREZ (coords.), «Oligarquías urbanas, gobierno y gestión municipal en la España cantábrica durante la Edad Moderna», Oviedo, KRK Ediciones, 2017. 446 + xxxii págs.
Authors: Díaz Álvarez Juan
Published: July 2021

SIN RESUMEN
José Manuel GONZÁLEZ CALVO, «Creatividad y expresividad en "Fray Gerundio de Campazas"», prólogo de Jesús Cañas Murillo, epílogo de María Isabel López Martínez, Cáceres, Universidad de Extremadura, 2017, 208 págs.
Authors: San José Vázquez Eduardo
Published: July 2021

SIN RESUMEN
Sandra L. DÍAZ DE ZAPPIA, "Conduciendo al orden y felicidad pública. Los alcaldes de barrio en la ciudad de Buenos Aires (1772-1821)", Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones de Historia del Derecho, 2018, 2 vols., 432 + 632 págs.
Authors: Levaggi Abelardo
Published: July 2021

SIN RESUMEN
Leticia VILLAMEDIANA GONZÁLEZ, "Anglomanía. La imagen de Inglaterra en la prensa del siglo XVIII", Woodbridge, Tamesis, 2019, 222 págs.
Authors: Álvarez Barrientos Joaquín
Published: July 2021

SIN RESUMEN
Ankilozan spondilit hastalarinda anemi sıklığının belirlenmesi ve biyolojik DMARD tedavisi ile değişimi
Authors: KELES ONAL Asli , SARIKAYA Selda
Published: July 2021

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı ankilozan spondilit(AS) hastalarında anemi sıklığını değerlendirmek ve aneminin biyolojik hastalık modifiye edici ilaç (bDMARDs) tedavisi ile değişimini gözlemlemektir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya AS tanısı alan, Fiziksel Tıp ve Rehabilitasyon polikliniğinde takipli 137 hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların hemoglobin(HGB), ferritin, demir, demir bağlama kapasitesi, eritrosit hacmi (MCV), hemotokrit(HCT), eritrosit sedimentasyon hızı (ESH), C-reaktif protein(CRP) düzeyleri hastane veri kayıt sistemi incelenerek kaydedildi. Tedavi öncesi ve tedaviden 1 yıl sonra elde edilen veriler karşılaştırıldı ve ile hastaların anemi değerlendirmeleri yapıldı. Adalimumab ve golimumab kullanan hastalarda hemoglobin değerlerinde oluşan artış karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 99 hastanın 56’sında (%56,5) anemi saptandı. Hastaların 49’unda (%49,4) demir eksikliği anemisi, 7’sinde (%7) kronik hastalık anemisi saptandı. bDMARDs tedavisinin 52.haftasında incelenen tüm hastalarda ESH ve CRP değerlerinde gerileme ile birlikte, eritrosit sayılarında ve HGB seviyelerinde yükselme saptandı. Tüm hastalarda HGB seviyelerinde anlamlı artış olduğu görüldü. Adalimumab ve golimumab arasında hemoglobin seviyelerinde oluşan artış karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı.

Sonuç: Hastalığın kontrol altına alınmasında etkili olan bDMARDs tedavisi ile AS hastalarının anemi düzeylerinde iyileşme görülebilir.
Relationship between presystolic A wave and aortic distensibility in hypertensive patients
Authors: PANÇ Cafer , GÜRBAK İsmail , GÜLER Arda
Published: July 2021

Purpose: Arterial stiffness has been shown as an independent predictor of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in hypertensive patients. commonly seen in pulse wave Doppler echocardiographic examination of the left ventricle outflow tract, is related to diastolic dysfunction and arterial stiffness parameters. Our study aims to investigate the relation between aortic distensibility (AD) and presystolic A wave (PSW),.

Materials and Methods: Hypertensive patients were included in the study. Aortic stiffness was calculated by measuring aortic diameters with m-mode in echocardiography, and the presence of PSW was noted from the left ventricle outflow tract just proximal to the aortic valve in apical five-chamber view.

Results: A total of 149 hypertensive patients were included. Diastolic blood pressure, septum diameter, posterior wall diameter, aortic diastolic, and systolic diameter were significantly higher in the presence of PSW. Aortic distensibility (AD) was higher in patients with PSW. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that AD (OR: 0.812, 95% CI: 0.712 – 0.927, p = 0.002) was an independent predictor of PSW presence.

Conclusion: PSW presence is associated with aortic stiffness evaluated by decreased aortic distensibility and highlights that PSW presence could be an independent predictor of aortic stiffness in patients with HT.
Covid-19 pandemisinde toplum ruh sağlığı merkezlerinin hizmet şekli değişikliği ile şizofreni hastalarındaki anksiyete düzeyleri arasındaki ilişki
Authors: ÖZCAN TOZOĞLU Elif , ALKAN Emre , ÖZPOLAT Gökhan
Published: July 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Covid-19 pandemisinde Toplum Ruh Sağlığı Merkezlerinin (TRSM) hizmet şekli ile şizofreni hastalarındaki anksiyete düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Erzurum Bölge Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi TRSM’e düzenli olarak gelen 22-68 yaş arasındaki remisyondaki 26 şizofreni hastası çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Hastaların sosyodemografik özellikleri değerlendirmek için bir form kullanılmıştır. Hastalara pandemi öncesinde uygulanan Klinik Global İzlenim Ölçeği (KGİÖ) ve Durumluk ve Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri (STAI), pandemi sonrası görüşmelerin asgariye indirildiği dönemde 2. kez ve sonrasında yüz yüze düzenli görüşmelerin tekrar başladığı dönemde 3.kez uygulanmıştır.

Bulgular: STAI skorları en yüksek 2. görüşmede, en düşük 1. görüşmede saptanmıştır. Her 3 görüşmede de skorlar istatistiki olarak birbirinden anlamlı olarak farklıdır. KGİÖ değerleri her 3 görüşmede istatistiki olarak birbirinden anlamlı ölçüde farklı gözükmekle birlikte; yapılan post-hoc analizlerde bu fark istatistiki olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır.

Sonuç: Çalışmamızdan elde ettiğimiz sonuçlar Covid-19 pandemisinin şizofreni hastalarının psikolojik durumu üzerinde olumsuz etkileri olabileceğini ve toplum ruh sağlığı hizmetlerinin ise bu etkiyi azaltmada katkı sağlayabileceğini göstermektedir.
Sivas İl Merkezi’nde otizm spektrum bozukluğunun (OSB) yaygınlığı ve aile sağlığı merkezleri sağlık çalışanlarının OSB farkındalıkları
Authors: GÖLBAŞI Hatice , DEMİREL Yeltekin , NEMMEZİ KARACA Sanem , UZUN CİCEK Ayla , SARI Seda Aybüke
Published: July 2021

bozukluğunun (OSB) yaygınlığının saptanması ve Aile Sağlığı Merkezlerinde (ASM) görev yapan sağlık çalışanlarının OSB farkındalıklarının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmanın örneklemi 18-72 ay arası 752 çocuk ve 90 aile hekimi ile 78 aile sağlığı elemanlarından (ASE) oluştu. Sağlık çalışanlarına OSB Bilgi ve Tutum Ölçeği ve OSB Farkındalık Anketi uygulandı. Çocukların tümüne Değiştirilmiş Erken Çocukluk Dönemi Otizm Tarama Ölçeği (M-CHAT) uygulandı.

Bulgular: Aile hekimlerinin OSB Bilgi-Tutum Ölçeği ile OSB Farkındalık Anketi puan ortalamaları ASE'lerinkinden anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti. Taramada OSB için risk oranı %6.25 (n=47); yaygınlık oranı %0.53 olarak saptandı. Riskli saptanan bu çocukların 20’si çocuk ve ergen psikiyatrisi uzmanı tarafından değerlendirildi. Değerlendirilen 20 çocuğun 7’si normal saptanırken, 4’ü OSB tanısı, 9’u başka psikiyatrik tanılar aldı.

Sonuç: Bu çalışma Sivas İl Merkezi’nde OSB yaygınlık oranının %0.53 olduğunu ve aile hekimlerinin OSB farkındalıklarının ASE'lerinkinden daha yüksek olduğunu gösterdi. Sağlık çalışanlarının OSB'ye ilişkin farkındalıklarının artmasına yönelik eğitim programlarının OSB’li çocukların erken saptanmasına katkı sağlayabileceği kanaatindeyiz.
Effect of birth type on parenting behavior, infant perception and maternal attachment
Authors: ÇETİN AVCI Seda , EGELİOĞLU CETİŞLİ Nuray
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effect of birth type on parenting behaviors, infant perception and maternal attachment.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive and comparative study was conducted with 77 primipara mothers (vaginal birth: 48, cesarean section: 29). The data were collected in three follow-ups using the Individual Presentation Form, Postpartum Parenting Behavior Scale (PPBS), Neonatal Perception Scale (NPS) and Maternal Attachment Scale (MAS). The first follow-up was performed by observation in the birth room/operating room, and the second follow-up was carried out by face to face interview in the obstetrics clinic 24 hours after the birth and the third follow-up was conducted as reaching by telephone one month after the birth.

Results: In the study, no statistically meaningful difference was found between the mean scores of PPBS, MAS and infant perception regarding the birth type. No correlation was found between the PPBS and MAS mean scores in both groups, and no difference between the mean scores of PPBS and MAS was found regarding their infant perception.

Conclusion: As the cesarean delivery rates increases, nursing care given to women that give cesarean section increases. Some mothers may be anxious and upset about maternal attachment, parenting, and newborn because of cesarean delivery. Therefore, nurses should support these mothers by expressing that there is no difference between parental behavior, maternal attachment levels and newborn perception according to the type of delivery in addition to standard care.
Efficacy of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in determining lymph node metastases in testicular cancer
Authors: KÖŞECİ Tolga , HAKSÖYLER Veysel , KARADENİZ Cemiler , KAYA Dılşa , DİLEK Okan , SUNGUR Mehmet Ali , BOZKURT DUMAN Berna , ÇİL Timuçin
Published: July 2021

Purpose: Testicular cancer is the most common solid tumor in young men between the ages of 20-35 and has excellent clinical outcomes with appropriate treatment. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-ratio (NLR) is related with prognosis and relapse in different solid tumors. We aimed to investigate the relation of presence and size of regional lymph node metastasis with NLR in testicular cancer.

Materials and Methods: A total of 72 testicular cancer patients were included in the study. All medical records were retrospectively collected. NLR was calculated as the count of neutrophil divided by the count of lymphocyte. Chest and abdomen computed tomograpy (CT) scans of all patients were evaluated for metastases.

Results: The mean age was 32.18±8.89 years. The pathologic classification was seminoma in 43% and nonseminoma in 57% of patients. Of 72 patients, 32 (44.4%) had lymph node positivity and 40 (55.6%) hadnot. The mean NLR value was 2.63±1.79 for all cohort. The mean NLR was significantly lower in patients with lymph node negative disease (for lymph node positive and negative disease 3.19±2.32 and 2.25±1.06, respectively.). In the ROC analysis, 2.5 was determined as the cut-off value for NLR to assess lymph node status. Conclusion NLR is a cheap and readily available index that can be used to determine lymph node metastases in testicular GCTs.
Evaluation of Hyperosmotic Sodium Bicarbonate as Adjunct to Ciprofloxacin in the Amelioration of Septicaemia in Salmonella-Induced Bubaline Neonatal Diarrhoea
Authors: Humayun Ayesha
Published: July 2021

This study was conducted to evaluate the comparative efficacy of hyperosmotic sodium bicarbonate (HSB 8.4%), hypertonic saline (HSS 7.5%) and normal saline (NSS 0.9%) solutions associated with experimentally Salmonella-induced diarrhoea in buffalo neonatal calves. For this purpose, 14–17 days old 18 healthy buffalo calves were reared. After 8–12 h of oral administration of Salmonella broth (6.5 × 108 CFU), diarrhoea was induced successfully. Calves were then randomly divided into three equal groups viz., groups A, B and C and treatment was instituted. Group A received NSS (0.9%) @ 60 mL/kg (body weight) B.W, intravenous (IV) once, group B was administered HSS (7.5%) @ 5 mL/kg B.W, IV once and group C instituted with HSB (8.4%) @ 5 mL/kg B.W, IV once. All three groups were additionally treated with ciprofloxacin @ 7 mg/kg B.W, IV bid and flunixin meglumine @ 2 mg/kg B.W, IV tid. Comparative efficacy of all treatment regimens was assessed through haemodynamic measurements, blood gases determination and serum electrolyte analysis. All parameters were noted at baseline (prior to diarrhoea induction), during neonatal diarrhoea, t=3, t=9, t=18, t=36, t=72, t=120, t=168 h after treatment. The HSB treated calves (group C) revived from diarrhoea quickly (within 9 h) and efficiently than NSS (group A) and HSS (group B), exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) enhancement. At t=18 h, values for central venous partial pressure and systemic vascular resistance were 11.67 ± 0.7, 13.67 ± 0.61 and 13.50 ± 0.56 and 1180. 83 ± 6.94, 1180.83 ± 6.94 and 1465.00 ± 6.76 in groups A, B and C, respectively. HSB treated buffalo neonatal calves also showed significant increase in bicarbonate, blood pH, serum electrolytes and partial pressure of venous oxygen. Basis on the results of this study, it was concluded that small-volume administration of HSB profoundly ameliorated deleterious effects of septicaemia and improve haemodynamic stability in Salmonella-induced bubaline neonatal diarrhoea. It provides a practical and economical method to resuscitate dehydrated diarrhoeic calves thus make it convenient to accomplish in on-farm situation. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
Agronomic and Physiological Evaluation of Wheat Cultivars under Deficit Irrigation Condition
Authors: Lin Ruize
Published: July 2021

Improving crop productivity under drought conditions contributes largely to the sustainable agriculture globally. In this study, the agronomic traits and physiological processes related to osmolyte accumulation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis during late growth stage in wheat under drought stress were studied. Three cultivars viz., Shimai 22 (drought tolerant), Zhongxinmai 99 (median drought-tolerant, control), and Shi 4185 (drought sensitive) sharing contrasting drought tolerance were grown under normal irrigation (NI: with irrigations prior to sowing, and at jointing and flowering stages) and deficit irrigation (DI, with irrigations prior to sowing and at jointing) conditions. Data regarding yields, osmolyte (i.e., proline and soluble sugar) contents, and antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were recorded. Under deficit irrigation, the cultivars displayed modified agronomic and physiological traits. Among cultivars, Shimai 22 showed best agronomic traits (6.47 to 7.23% higher yield than control), osmolyte contents and AE activities (10.12 to 22.18% higher than control), and least MDA accumulation (12.30 to 17.06% lower than control). In contrast, Shi 4185 cultivar performed worst regarding above said traits. The transcripts of the genes in ��1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) family that regulates proline biosynthesis and those in AE families that modulate ROS homeostasis were evaluated. Results revealed that the P5CS genes TaP5CS2 and TaP5CS5 and the AE ones TaSOD3, TaCAT2 and TaCAT5 were modified on transcripts across the cultivars under DI condition, showing to be significant upregulated compared with NI. These results suggested the essential roles of osmolyte accumulation and AE proteins in improving the drought tolerance of wheat during late growth stages. In addition, this study suggested that the elevated transcription efficiencies of distinct P5CS and AE family genes under water deprivation contribute to the enhanced drought tolerance in drought-tolerant cultivars. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
Factors Influencing Bacterial Diversity in the Rhizosphere of Cucumbers and Tomatoes in the Arabian Peninsula
Authors: Kazerooni Elham A.
Published: July 2021

The Arabian Peninsula is characterized by generally hot and dry conditions. Although limited studies addressed bacterial diversity in this part of the world, there is a lack of information about bacterial diversity under farming systems. This study investigated bacterial diversity across three farms in Oman, at the South Eastern part of the Arabian Peninsula. Pyrosequencing was used to analyze bacterial communities from the rhizosphere soil of tomatoes and cucumbers grown in the farms. Results revealed that bacterial diversity is variable among various farms. Chao 1 richness and Shannon diversity estimates demonstrated that soils from the three farms differed in the levels of bacterial diversity. Proteobacteria was the major phylum in the soil samples from all farms. Gammaproteobacteria was the main and most abundant class in the rhizosphere soil of cucumber, while Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, Bacilli, Actinobacteria, Cytophagia and Nitrospira were common in the rhizosphere soil of tomatoes. The genera Bacillus, Nitrospira, Sphingomonas, Gemmatimonas and Pseudomonas were the most common in the rhizosphere of both crops in the three farms. Principle component analyses showed that bacterial diversity in the rhizosphere of cucumbers and tomatoes was found to be affected by the farming system but not the crop type. The study also presents information about the most common bacterial groups under farming systems in the Arabian Peninsula. Most of the bacterial taxa were saprophytic, suggesting that they play a role in cucumber and tomato growth and disease prevention. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
Production of Antifungal Gelatinase by Enterococcus durans S2C and Its Potential Role in the Biological Control
Authors: Hayat Zafar
Published: July 2021

Probiotic bacteria are good sources for antimicrobial and are normal microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract of animals and humans. Enterococci are found everywhere in nature and have been utilized as probiotics in the food industry. In the present study, Enterococcus durans S2C strain was isolated from raw cow’s milk using the culture-dependent method and evaluated for antifungal properties. The strain S2C showed promising extracellular proteolytic activity and the extracellular peptide was an important source of antifungal activity. Besides, a low rate of antibiotic resistance and non-hemolytic activity was detected in E. durans S2C. Strong antifungal activity of E. durans against two plant pathogenic fungi namely Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani was also recorded. Antifungal activity evaluation showed that R. solani colony was the most inhibited fungus followed by F. oxysporum. Gelatinase enzyme having antifungal activity was also purified from E. durans S2C isolate. This study concludes that the environmental-derived E. durans S2C strain can be selected for technological application to control pathogenic fungi and to protect the economic value of the crops. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Large-spored Alternaria Species Associated with Potato and Tomato Early Blight in Egypt
Authors: El-Ganainy Sherif M.
Published: July 2021

Early blight incurs huge losses to solanaceous crops at both pre- and post-harvest stages by reducing yields up to 35–78%. Large-spored Alternaria spp. were isolated and characterized from the symptomatic tomato and potato plants. Morphological characterization revealed heterogeneity in the different traits of the isolates, which were subsequently confirmed by molecular characterization and two different Alternaria spp. viz. A. solani and A. linariae were characterized. A multi-locus phylogenetic analysis was conducted to infer the taxonomic position of the isolates within Alternaria spp. The five conserved genome regions used to infer phylogenetic lineage and evolutionary relationship were the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), the translation elongation factor (TEF), the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GADPH), the major allergen Alt a1 (Alt a1) and the RNA-polymerase 2 (RPB2) genes. All A. linariae isolates were closely related and formed a clade to A. linariae isolated from the United States. Similarly, A. solani isolates were closely related to each other and formed an independent clade indicating their unique nature. Koch’s postulates were fulfilled for all the isolates. Among six different tested fungicides, aveet (azoxystrobin 5% + mancozeb 70%) inhibited the mycelial growth the most and saver (cymoxanil 5% + chlorothalonil 37%) the least. All the isolates infected tomato and potato leaves with varying severity except A. linariae isolate Egy-T2 was non-pathogenic on potato leaves, while the rest of A. linariae isolates were more aggressive. Here, we demonstrated that early blight in Egypt is caused by two different species of fungal pathogens, A. linariae and A. solani, and reported isolation of A. linariae from Egypt. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
Toxicity and Field Efficacy of Emamectin Benzoate (ARETOR) against Red Palm Weevil, by using Syngenta Tree Micro-Injection Technique
Authors: Rasool Khawaja Ghulam
Published: July 2021

Invasions of the red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) has become a well-known problem for several palm species in date palm-growing states, including Saudi Arabia. Although several control measures have been implemented in efforts against RPW, yet, no approach has proven consistently effective against this invasive pest. Therefore, further efforts are still needed to develop an effective and efficient control method for RPW management and mitigation. The objectives of the present study were to determine emamectin benzoate (ARETOR) efficacy against RPW larval stages, in the laboratory using a diet incorporation bioassay, along with field tests of the Syngenta Tree Micro-Injection Technique. Our laboratory bioassay showed that the median lethal concentration of emamectin benzoate (ARETOR) was 0.30 μg/mL−1 against wild populations of RPW larvae. In the field studies, emamectin benzoate (ARETOR) showed promising effects on RPW mortality for all stages. We found 100% mortality for both larval and pupal stages for all exposure times, except after 2 months, where 86% mortality was observed for larvae. Thus, we conclude that emamectin benzoate (ARETOR) is an effective biopesticide against RPW. Our results show that it killed RPW all stages, also prevented further damage to the healthy tissues of date palms, in addition, provided protection against RPW spread to other neighboring healthy date palms. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
Effects of Dietary Extruded Linseed (Linum usitatissimum) and Oregano (Origanum vulgare) on Growth Traits, Carcass Composition and Meat Quality of Grigia di Potenza Suckling Kids
Authors: Tarricone Simona
Published: July 2021

The aim of this trial was to compare the influence of supplementing diets with extruded linseed and oregano on growth parameters and meat qualitative traits in Grigia di Potenza breed suckling kids. Twenty-four male kids, exclusively fed milk from their dams, were assigned to the following diets: C) group control fed without any supplement; L) group fed control feed containing 3% extruded linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.); and LO) group fed control diet with 0.6% dried oregano (Origanum vulgare) and 3% extruded linseed. Growth performance as well as slaughtering traits and meat cuts of kids were not significantly influenced (P > 0.05) by dietary treatments. Conversely, kids in linseed group reported the lower (P < 0.05) percentage of dissectible fat in leg and loin. The meat from Longissimus lumborum and Semimembranosus muscles of kids in linseed diet had the lowest (P < 0.05) cooking loss percentage, whereas the proximate chemical composition of both meat muscles did not vary among treatments (P > 0.05). The experimental diets partially modulated the kid meat fatty acid composition in both muscles, where feeding linseed and oregano improved (P < 0.05) the content of DPA and reduced MUFA. Based on the current findings, it can be concluded that linseed and oregano supplementation can be used in goat diet as no significant detrimental effects on productive performance and meat quality of suckling kids were observed. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
Efficacy of EDP ± mitotane chemotherapy in the treatment of metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma. Predictive and prognostic factors of efficacy
Authors: Zhulikov Ya. A. , Kovalenko E. I. , Bohyan V. Yu. , Khoroshilov M. V. , Gabrava M. M. , Artamonova E. V.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is an orphan disease with an unfavorable prognosis. The most effective therapeutic option in the treatment of ACC is EDP plus mitotane combination chemotherapy. However, no studies comparing the efficacy of the EDP regimen with or without mitotane have been published.

Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of health records of patients with histologically confirmed metastatic ACC, who received at least one chemotherapy cycle with EDP ± mitotane. The study included 73 patients, 49 of which received a combination of EDP and mitotane and 24 were treated with EDP chemotherapy.

Results. The objective response rate was 18,4 % in the EDP + mitotane group versus 4,1 % in the EDP group. Disease control was reported in 25 (51 %) and 13 (54,2 %) patients, respectively. No significant differences were found in progression-free survival (PFS) rates between the EDP and EDP + mitotane groups; the median PFS rate was 6,5 and 6,0 months, respectively. The median overall survival (OS) in the total population was 20,9 months; no significant differences were found between the groups. However, an increase in median PFS was observed in patients who achieved a therapeutic concentration of mitotane. Moreover, the achievement of therapeutic mitotane concentrations was the only factor significantly associated with improved PFS (HR 0.44, p = 0.006). Significant unfavorable prognostic factors associated with lower OS were Ki-67 level in the primary tumor > 20 % (HR 10.5, p = 0.006) and more than 1 site of metastases (HR 3.82, p = 0.02).

Conclusions. This study showed that the addition of mitotane to EDP chemotherapy does not improve the median PFS and OS in the total patient population, however, the achievement of therapeutic mitotane concentrations is significantly associated with improved progression-free survival.
Negative results of humoral immunity after anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patient with advanced ovarian cancer treated with maintenance immunotherapy and targeted therapy: a clinical case and а literature review
Authors: Rumyantsev A. A.
Published: July 2021

Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik V, Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation) is an adenovirus viral vector vaccine for COVID-19 which became the very first vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 registered in Russia and worldwide. The vaccine efficacy and safety in cancer patients is unknown. We present a clinical case of the absence of post-vaccination immunity after the use of Gam-COVID-Vac in a patient with advanced ovarian cancer treated with maintenance targeted and immunotherapy and discuss it in the light of the available evidence base on the effectiveness of other anti-SARS CoV-2 vaccines in cancer patients.
Hypoxia – as a Possible Regulator of the Activity of Epicardial Mesothelial Cells After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Dergilev K. V. , Tsokolaeva Z. I. , Vasilets Yu. D. , Beloglazova I. B. , Kulbitsky B. N. , Parfyonova Ye. V.
Published: July 2021

Aim     To study the effect of hypoxia on the activity of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in epicardial cells, which provides formation of a specialized microenvironment.

Material and methods   This study used a model of experimental myocardial infarction created by ligation of the anterior descendent coronary artery. The activity of epicardial cells after a hypoxic exposure was studied with the hypoxia marker, pimonidazole, bromodeoxyuridine, immunofluorescent staining of heart cryosections, and in vitro mesothelial cell culture.

ResultsThe undamaged heart maintained the quiescent condition of mesothelial cells and low levels of their proliferation, extracellular matrix protein production, and of the EMT activity. Acute ischemic injury induced moderate hypoxia in the epicardial/subepicardial region. This caused a global rearrangement of this region due to the initiation of EMT in cells, changes in the cell composition, and accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins. We found that the initiation of EMT in mesothelial cells may result in the formation of smooth muscle cell precursors, fibroblasts, and a population of Sca-1+ cardiac progenitor cells, which may both participate in construction of new blood vessels and serve as a mesenchymal link for the paracrine support of microenvironmental cells. In in vitro experiments, we showed that 72‑h hypoxia facilitated activation of EMT regulatory genes, induced dissembling of intercellular contacts, cell uncoupling, and increased cell plasticity.

Conclusion     The epicardium of an adult heart serves as a “reparative reserve” that can be reactivated by a hypoxic exposure. This creates a basis for an approach to influence the epicardium to modulate its activity for regulating reparative processes.
Necesidades de formación para la enseñanza de la ciencia en docentes de la zona maya de México
Authors: López Gamboa Galo E. , González González Roger J.
Published: July 2021

This research explored the training needs for teaching scientific content in basic education teachers in the Mayan area of Mexico.The study was carried out in the state of Yucatan through documentary analysis and a questionnaire for self-evaluation of teaching practice in science teaching, which was administered in the form of a survey to 49 teachers teaching in communities like Ticul, Oxkutzcab, Tizimín, Dzan, Kanasín, Progreso and Mérida.
The results of the investigation allow us to claim that there is a great presence of normal teachers in the Yucatan basic education system, who demand strategies to strengthen the professional and continuous training of these teachers in the area of science education, possibly through formal post-graduated courses. Finally, the design of an evaluation study with a larger sample of participants is recommended to identify the challenges, experiences, and critical issues that teachers experience in teaching science in Yucatan.
Autorregulación del aprendizaje: desenredando la relación entre cognición, metacognición y motivación
Authors: Gutierrez de Blume Antonio P.
Published: July 2021

The theory of self-regulated learning (SRL) is comprised of three main components, cognition, metacognition, and motivation. While research on these components in isolation abound, no studies to date have examined the relations of multiple measures of each component to gain a better understanding of SRL. To this end, the present study explored the relations among several measures of each component of SRL. Further, a theory-driven hypothesized prediction-mediation model that examined the temporal relations among these measures was examined. University students (N = 201) from the United States completed measures of utility task value, academic emotions (hope, boredom), subjective (knowledge of cognition, regulation of cognition) and objective (monitoring accuracy) measures of metacognition, student engagement (cognitive, behavioral), cognitive strategy use, and performance (vocabulary, probabilities). Results revealed that there were significant relations among the variables, except with behavioral engagement, in the theoretically expected direction. In addition, there were significant direct and indirect effects among the various measures of the three components of SRL. These findings are important because they integrate the theories of SRL, metacognition, and motivation, which no other study to date has attempted to do. Implications and recommendations for theory, research, and educational practice are discussed.
El emprendimiento en la educación media en Bogotá: una mirada crítica de los docentes
Authors: Rico Alonso Angélica , Cárdenas Angela Patricia
Published: July 2021

The term entrepreneurship has historically been associated with a productive perspective, tending to the development of business ideas; however, nowadays it is also linked to the strengthening of skills and attitudes in a personal field. In Colombia, with laws 1014 of 2006 and 2069 of 2020, it is present in academic training at all levels. Despite being a government initiative, concrete actions on this subject are being directed by teachers in the classrooms. Hence, the fundamental objective of this article is to expose the unprecedented perspective of teachers, instructors and principals who work in Bogotá, considering their experience in the implementation of entrepreneurship in public institutions of high school education.
This discussion arises from a qualitative study; it is based on the approach to the actors, who carry out actions about to the object of study. Through interviews and documentary analysis, the achievements and obstacles that stop their progress are exposed. In the same way, it is revealed, the absence of the entrepreneurial process from the first grades raised in the law, the role of the National Learning Service SENA in secondary education. The lack of a more human vision and less focused on production, as well as the enormous gap in teacher training in the area, evidencing a problem to address.
As fundamental findings, the approach to entrepreneurship through classes aimed at business creation, the importance of the subject for practicing teachers and the need to implement it from the first years of school is highlighted. As outstanding conclusions, the great influence of SENA in the developed processes at schools is exposed, and likewise, a recurrent calling to develop a public policy of training for teachers.
El concepto de inclusión en la educación superior: implementación de la iniciativa INES en las universidades colombianas
Authors: Rangel Goyeneche Diana Carolina , Coronel Ruiz Luz Karime
Published: July 2021

With the implementation of the concept of educational inclusion in the Colombian regulatory framework, the case study of the Francisco de Paula Santander University is presented, as part of the pilot plan for the application of the Inclusion Index in Higher Education (INES), understood as a complementary tool to the Colombian inclusive education policy carried out during the years 2016 to 2017 that allowed the measurement of the inclusion levels of 19 universities in the country analyzing their opportunities for improvement towards quality education.
This article presents the results of the study of the impact of the aforementioned initiative in aspects related to the 12 accreditation factors in the execution of demonstrative actions and good practices for higher education in the institution under study. For this purpose, a qualitative methodology was used with the use of tools such as: participant observation, which allowed to expose the strategies produced within the framework of INES - INCLUSIVE from the experiences of the actors involved and the documentary analysis that facilitated the examination of the Historical evolution of the concept of inclusion within the academic faculty.
This research, allowed the university to register those actions and good practices susceptible to replication in order to generate a re-construction of the actions carried out behind the most successful significant experiences and protocolization of them through the adoption of processes that allow their permanent integration into the daily work of the institution.
A Study on the Framework Design of Artificial Intelligence Thinking for Artificial Intelligence Education
Authors:   the Department of Computer Education, Seoul National University of Education, South Korea, Shin Seungki
Published: July 2021

This study aims to examine the definition and attributes of artificial intelligence (AI) thinking to support AI education, so educators can determine how such education should be conducted in grades K–12. The text mining method was conducted using text crawling and co-word analysis to design and define AI thinking using the Python programming language. The cosine similarity and word2vec techniques were used to perform co-word analysis. Cosine similarity extracts paired words by assigning a weight according to the frequency of appearance. The skip-gram of word2Vec examines the surrounding words and predicts the paired words. According to the co-word analysis results, AI thinking is using an integrated thinking process to solve decision problems by discussing, providing, demonstrating, and proving processes. Moreover, AI thinking must be considered in future research on AI education. This study aims to serve as the foundational research to move forward in AI education.