bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Fine Silica as Amorphous Solid Dispersion Carriers for Enhancing
Drug Load and Preventing Recrystallization- A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Trivedi Rishab , Chatterjee Bappaditya , Kalave Sana , Pandya Mrugank
Published: July 2022

Amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) is a popular concept for improving the dissolution and
oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. ASD faces two primary challenges of low drug loading
and recrystallization upon storage. Several polymeric carriers are used to fabricate a stable ASD
formulation with a high drug load. The role of silica in this context has been proven significant. Different
types of silica, porous and nonporous, have been used to develop ASD. Amorphous drugs get entrapped
into silica pores or adsorbed on their surface. Due to high porosity and wide surface area, silica
provides better drug dissolution and high drug loading. Recrystallization of amorphous drugs is inhibited
by limited molecular ability inside the delicate pores due to hydrogen bonding with the surface silanol
groups. A handful of researches have been published on silica-based ASD, where versatile types
of silica have been used. However, the effect of different kinds of silica on product stability and drug
loading has been rarely addressed. The present study analyzes multiple porous and nonporous silica
types and their distinct role in developing a stable ASD. Emphasis has been given to various types of
silica which are commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry.
A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews Exploring the Factors Related to Child and Adolescent Self-Harm
Authors: Varley Danielle , Fenton Clare , Gargan Georgina , Taylor Olivia , Taylor Amelia , Kirby Natalie , Morton Michael , Barrow Jamie , Hatton Christopher , Wright Barry
Published: July 2022

Background:

In recent years, the rates of young people presenting with self-harming have increased dramatically, with self-harm being a predictor of suicide. Despite evidence suggesting that self-harm is common in young people and that hospital admissions are increasing, research exploring the reasons behind young people’s motivations is not easily accessed. Systematic reviews have explored this from a range of perspectives, but none have drawn all this literature together.

Methods:

A systematic review of systematic reviews was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Seven databases were searched using a peer reviewed search strategy, with a focus on the factors of child and adolescent self-harming. All English language articles, published between 2008 and 2021, were considered, and screened against inclusion criteria. References of included articles were also searched for eligible articles.

Results:

Twenty-two systematic reviews were included after screening against eligibility criteria. Narrative synthesis identified eight themes for motivation or reasons for self-harming: identity and subcultures, peer influences, educational stressors, mental ill health, cognitive and neuropsychological factors, trauma and attachment, internet influences and social media.

Conclusion:

Reasons for self-harming in adolescents are complex and multifactorial. Many studies focus on single causes or associations with self-harm rather than open-mindedly exploring a range of factors or the interactions between them. This leaves gaps in the research where hypothetical reasons for self-harm have not been systematically explored. The themes identified here could help in the clinical assessment process and guide future research in this area, including the development of potential differentiated prevention and treatment approaches.
A voracidade do desejo: a simbologia lesboerótica de Judith Teixeira em “Venere Coricata”
Authors: Silveira Amanda
Published: July 2022

O presente artigo analisará o soneto “Venere coricata”, do livro Decadência (1923), de Judith Teixeira (1888-1959), segundo o lesboerotismo e as concepções teóricas literárias feministas. Para tanto, embasar-se-á em critérios advindos da lírica moderna a fim de investigar temáticas que desmistificam as concepções es-tereotipadas, imbricadas na heteronormatividade para conceptualizar o ser mulher. Na poesia tradicional portuguesa, a problematização do corpo, da nudez e do desejo pelo viés lesboerótico difere-se do discurso construído e perpetrado pelo patriarcado, ao considerar a deslegitimação da mulher em um âmbito marcado pela opressão de gênero. Por fim, tais pressupostos temáticos justificam a necessidade de repensar o câno-ne, desassociando-o de percepções engessadas e perpassadas pelo discurso androcêntrico que circundava a cultura lusitana, bem como reparar o lugar atribuído a mulheres como Judith Teixeira na historiografia.
Ecos modernistas no Cinema Novo ou Glauber Rocha, leitor da Antropofagia de Oswald de Andrade
Authors: Carvalho Bruna Carolina
Published: July 2022

Em texto publicado em 1967, o cineasta brasileiro Glauber Rocha (1939-1981) reage aos críticos de seu re-cém-lançado filme Terra em Transe e compara o movimento do Cinema Novo, no qual ele desponta como principal articulador e porta-voz, à Semana da Arte Moderna de 1922. Tal paralelo dispara, nesse artigo, a investigação das leituras e interpretações que Glauber faz do evento fixado como fundador do Modernismo no Brasil e de um dos seus principais desdobramentos, a Antropofagia de Oswald de Andrade. Essa análise concentra-se principalmente no já citado Terra em Transe, bem como no filme inacabado História do Brasil, além de percorrer textos críticos e manifestos escritos pelo cineasta. A Antropofagia é compreendida aqui, por um lado, enquanto uma teoria da leitura, conforme proposição do crítico Raúl Antelo, e, por outro, como define Benedito Nunes, enquanto uma condensação de uma metáfora, um diagnóstico e uma terapêutica
Do fundo do mato virgem às telas cinematográficas: silêncios em Macunaíma
Authors: Tofalini Luzia Aparecida Berloffa
Published: July 2022

Este artigo empreende uma reflexão que busca detectar e comparar ocorrências de silêncio e suas possibili-dades de sentido no texto artístico-literário de Macunaíma – de Mário de Andrade – e no filme homónimo – de Joaquim Pedro de Andrade. Passíveis de investigação estética, as construções de silêncio abundam nas duas obras, até porque os silêncios são elementos essenciais de qualquer linguagem. As reflexões encontram--se ancoradas nos estudos relacionados ao tema do silêncio de Eni Orlandi (2007), David Le Breton (1999), Santiago Kovadloff (2003), entre outros. Aspira-se a contribuir com o debate acerca das formas de silêncio construídas na literatura e no cinema
Exploring an Artificial Intelligence–Based, Gamified Phone App Prototype to Track and Improve Food Choices of Adolescent Girls in Vietnam: Acceptability, Usability, and Likeability Study
Authors: C Braga Bianca , Nguyen Phuong H , Aberman Noora-Lisa , Doyle Frank , Folson Gloria , Hoang Nga , Huynh Phuong , Koch Bastien , McCloskey Peter , Tran Lan , Hughes David , Gelli Aulo
Published: July 2022

Background

Adolescents’ consumption of healthy foods is suboptimal in low- and middle-income countries. Adolescents’ fondness for games and social media and the increasing access to smartphones make apps suitable for collecting dietary data and influencing their food choices. Little is known about how adolescents use phones to track and shape their food choices.

Objective

This study aimed to examine the acceptability, usability, and likability of a mobile phone app prototype developed to collect dietary data using artificial intelligence–based image recognition of foods, provide feedback, and motivate users to make healthier food choices. The findings were used to improve the design of the app.

Methods

A total of 4 focus group discussions (n=32 girls, aged 15-17 years) were conducted in Vietnam. Qualitative data were collected and analyzed by grouping ideas into common themes based on content analysis and ground theory.

Results

Adolescents accepted most of the individual- and team-based dietary goals presented in the app prototype to help them make healthier food choices. They deemed the overall app wireframes, interface, and graphic design as acceptable, likable, and usable but suggested the following modifications: tailored feedback based on users’ medical history, anthropometric characteristics, and fitness goals; new language on dietary goals; provision of information about each of the food group dietary goals; wider camera frame to fit the whole family food tray, as meals are shared in Vietnam; possibility of digitally separating food consumption on shared meals; and more appealing graphic design, including unique badge designs for each food group. Participants also liked the app’s feedback on food choices in the form of badges, notifications, and statistics. A new version of the app was designed incorporating adolescent’s feedback to improve its acceptability, usability, and likability.

Conclusions

A phone app prototype designed to track food choice and help adolescent girls from low- and middle-income countries make healthier food choices was found to be acceptable, likable, and usable. Further research is needed to examine the feasibility of using this technology at scale.
The Effects of Information Continuity and Interpersonal Continuity on Physician Services Online: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Xuan Yan , Guo Chaojin , Lu Wei
Published: July 2022

Background

Web-based medical services have become an effective supplement to traditional services in hospitals and an essential part of medical services. Studies have shown that web-based medical services are useful for shortening the delayed admission time and for enhancing the treatment effect from the service continuity perspective. However, the specific measures that patients and physicians should take to improve service continuity remain unknown.

Objective

Based on the information richness theory and continuity of care, this study investigates the dynamic effects of information continuity and interpersonal continuity on physician services online.

Methods

Data of 7200 patients with 360 physicians covering complete interaction records were collected from a professional web-based platform in China. Content analysis was performed to recognize matching patients and physicians, and least square regression analysis was performed to obtain all empirical results.

Results

Empirical results showed that in the short term, information continuity (including offline experience, medical records, and detailed information) influences physicians’ web-based services, and their influences show heterogeneity. Moreover, if a patient’s online physician is the same physician who he/she has visited offline, we find that interpersonal continuity is important for service. In the long term, information continuity and interpersonal continuity positively improve service continuity by facilitating repeat purchases.

Conclusions

Overall, our findings not only shed new light on patient behavior online and cross-channel behavior but also provide practical insights into improving the continuity of care in online health communities.
Exploring an Artificial Intelligence–Based, Gamified Phone App Prototype to Track and Improve Food Choices of Adolescent Girls in Vietnam: Acceptability, Usability, and Likeability Study (Preprint)
Authors: C Braga Bianca , Nguyen Phuong H , Aberman Noora-Lisa , Doyle Frank , Folson Gloria , Hoang Nga , Huynh Phuong , Koch Bastien , McCloskey Peter , Tran Lan , Hughes David , Gelli Aulo
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Adolescents’ consumption of healthy foods is suboptimal in low- and middle-income countries. Adolescents’ fondness for games and social media and the increasing access to smartphones make apps suitable for collecting dietary data and influencing their food choices. Little is known about how adolescents use phones to track and shape their food choices.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to examine the acceptability, usability, and likability of a mobile phone app prototype developed to collect dietary data using artificial intelligence–based image recognition of foods, provide feedback, and motivate users to make healthier food choices. The findings were used to improve the design of the app.

METHODS

A total of 4 focus group discussions (n=32 girls, aged 15-17 years) were conducted in Vietnam. Qualitative data were collected and analyzed by grouping ideas into common themes based on content analysis and ground theory.

RESULTS

Adolescents accepted most of the individual- and team-based dietary goals presented in the app prototype to help them make healthier food choices. They deemed the overall app wireframes, interface, and graphic design as acceptable, likable, and usable but suggested the following modifications: tailored feedback based on users’ medical history, anthropometric characteristics, and fitness goals; new language on dietary goals; provision of information about each of the food group dietary goals; wider camera frame to fit the whole family food tray, as meals are shared in Vietnam; possibility of digitally separating food consumption on shared meals; and more appealing graphic design, including unique badge designs for each food group. Participants also liked the app’s feedback on food choices in the form of badges, notifications, and statistics. A new version of the app was designed incorporating adolescent’s feedback to improve its acceptability, usability, and likability.

CONCLUSIONS

A phone app prototype designed to track food choice and help adolescent girls from low- and middle-income countries make healthier food choices was found to be acceptable, likable, and usable. Further research is needed to examine the feasibility of using this technology at scale.
Peer Review of "Are We Sure We Fully Understand What an Infodemic Is? A Global Perspective on Infodemiological Problems" (Preprint)
Authors:   Anonymous
Published: July 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

This is a peer review report related to ms#36510.
Handling Public Well-being During the COVID-19 Crisis: Empirical Study With Representatives From Municipalities in Sweden (Preprint)
Authors: Alaqra Ala Sarah , Khumalo Akhona C
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

COVID-19 has had a significant impact on the public’s health and well-being due to infections and restrictions imposed during the crisis. Recreational activities are important for the public’s well-being; however, the public’s safety from the COVID-19 virus is the top priority. Sweden, a country with a decentralized public health and welfare system, relied on less stringent approaches for handling the crisis. The limited restrictions in Sweden allowed recreational activities to take place despite the pandemic, which could be attributed to considerations for the public’s well-being.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to investigate municipal approaches for handling and supporting recreational activities during the COVID-19 crisis.

METHODS

We conducted an empirical study (qualitative and quantitative), using an online survey for data collection, with 23 participants. They were representatives holding mostly managerial roles in 18 distinct municipalities (18 counties). A thematic analysis was conducted to analyze open-ended responses, and descriptive statistics were used to summarize the closed-ended responses.

RESULTS

In this study, we report on the status of municipalities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The highlighted results showed a significant impact on the municipalities as a result of COVID-19, where 78% (18/23) of participants stated significant changes due to the pandemic. Moreover, 91% (21/23) indicated efforts and approaches for supporting recreational activities during COVID-19. Following national guidelines for the public’s health and safety was indicated by 78% (18/23) of participants. Information and communications technology (ICT) was considered significant for dealing with COVID-19 according to 87% (20/23) of participants. Our qualitative results further showed details of the public’s health and safety considerations, the efforts to support recreational activities particularly for youth, and the role and requirements of ICT. Challenges relating to the usability of ICT were also highlighted.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite the critique of Sweden’s lenient strategy for handling the COVID-19 crisis, our results showed significant considerations for the public’s safety and well-being by the municipalities (regional and local levels) in this study. The Swedish approach to handling the crisis involved trusting the public with safety guidelines in addition to efforts for the public’s safety, supporting the public’s well-being with approaches for maintaining recreational activities, and giving special care to the youth. Despite having technological solutions in place, challenges in using digital solutions and requirements for future development were noted.
Dataset for Phenotyping and Discovery in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Omani Population (Preprint)
Authors: Zidoum Hamza
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Systemic lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by autoantibodies directed against self-antigens, immune complex formation, and immune deregulation, resulting in damage to any organ. Moreover, the natural history of SLE is unpredictable. Therefore there is a need for a data-driven insight for a better understanding of the disease to drive therapeutics strategies.

OBJECTIVE

Our objectives are (a) to explore the prevalence of the symptoms perceived by Omani SLE patients; (b) to identify the symptom clusters occurring in patients with SLE; and (c) to examine the correlation of disease activity index (SLEDAI) and physician global assessment (PGA) with each subgroup

METHODS

Our method consists of collecting a broad spectrum of data from Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH). The data included: demographic, clinical, laboratory, and therapy. After its collection, the data goes through several stages—first, data cleaning and feature extraction. The next step was to explore data analysis to identify the data types and explore the data distribution to get a full view and understand the dataset. Then, three clustering methods were used, hierarchical agglomerative clustering, K-means clustering, and spectral clustering to cluster our dataset. Next, the clustering results evaluated using correlation with SLEDAI and PGA

RESULTS

The exploratory data analysis show that joint pain is the most common symptoms in Omani SLE patients, followed by positive anti-dsDNA antibody, low complement (C3, C4), acute cutaneous lupus (ACL), renal disorder, and hemolytic anemia.The clustering analysis results showed two separate patients clusters, mild clus- ter and severe. Patients in the severe cluster have a higher prevalence of the re- nal disorder, hemolytic anemia, anti-dsDNA antibody, and low complements (C3, C4). As a result of analyzing cumulative manifestations and treatment, the se- vere cluster patients suffer from malar rash and proteinuria with higher use of cyclophosphamide, mycophenolate mofetil, and azathioprine. The second cluster is mild disease activity, and it is associated with joint pain, low complements (C3, C4), and a positive anti-dsDNA antibody.

CONCLUSIONS

In this research, we explored the hierarchical clustering in order to identify severity clusters in Omani patients with SLE. The results of clustering experiments were
validated using two types of cluster validation, which are internal cluster validation and external cluster validation. Two separate patients clusters were identified, severe cluster and mild cluster. The results demonstrated the existing relation between symptoms prevalence associated with disease activity. Our findings showed the symptoms (renal disorder, hemolytic anemia, low complement (C3, C4), and positive anti-dsDNA ) are associated with severe cases of SLE disease activity. These important findings can be helpful for research purposes and patients management.
Peer Review of “Are We Sure We Fully Understand What an Infodemic Is? A Global Perspective on Infodemiological Problems” (Preprint)
Authors: Eysenbach Gunther
Published: July 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

This is a peer review report related to ms#36510.
Introducing telemedicine in HIV care in times of COVID-19 pandemic – patients’ perspectives (Preprint)
Authors: Kowalska Justyna
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Until SARS-CoV-2 outbreak telemedicine services in HIV care in Poland were not covered by public health insurance. Therefore experience in this form of healthcare delivery is scarce and its acceptance by patients uncertain.

OBJECTIVE

Here we present the results of survey investigating the opinion of HIV positive patients on the first application of telemedicine in HIV care in Poland.

METHODS

Four nongovernmental and non-profit organizations, which support people living with HIV in Poland, participated in the distribution of invitations. The survey consisted of the qualitative module (carried out through online interviews using the Computer-Assisted Web Interview technique) and the quantitative module (20 questions, including five open-type questions and 15 closed-type questions).

RESULTS

In total 156 respondents provided answers: 22 (14%) answered that they thought that telemedicine had a future; 29 (19%) that it did, but under certain conditions; 26 (16%) that it did not; and 79 (51%) had no opinion. Gender, education and place of residence were associated with specific opinions. Respondents who had negative opinion were more likely to be from rural areas and of lower level of education. Further we have investigated factors associated with not having an opinion finding that primary education increased the odds of it by over five folds (OR=5.37 [2.44 to 11.82], p<0.0001). Factors decreasing the odds of not having an opinion were difficulties in getting a visit (0.35 [0.15 to 0.81], p=0.0147) and access to telemedicine only (0.20 [0.06 to 0.72], p=0.0142).

CONCLUSIONS

Over the half of the respondents answered that they had no opinion on the future of telemedicine in HIV care. Those with opinion had positive attitude, but also provided certain conditions to fulfill. This warrants the necessity of further adaptation of the use telemedicine, as well as to investigate barriers in its availability, in order to ascertain equal access to care.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
Addendum: Building a Shared, Scalable, and Sustainable Source for the Problem-Oriented Medical Record: Developmental Study (Preprint)
Authors: Gaudet-Blavignac Christophe , Rudaz Andrea , Lovis Christian
Published: July 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

Not applicable (Corrigendum)
Non-Invasive Based Myocardial Infarction Detector
Authors: Siddiqua Aliya
Published: July 2022

Abstract: Cardiac arrest is one of the main causes of human death worldwide. Every year, about 610,000 people die of heart attack that is one in every four deaths but there are well understood early symptoms of heart attack that could be used to greatly help in saving many lives and reducing damages bydetecting and sending alerts at an early stage. According to survey, every year, about 2.35 million people meet with accident from road accidents. Surprisingly, many of these fatal accidents happen due to the heart attack of drivers that leads to the loss of control of the vehicle. Accidents are imminent as long as there are drivers with medical conditions resulting in a lot of unfortunate crashes. We have designed a system which captures the facial image of the person and analyses the Heart attack symptoms. Immediately if any of the symptoms matches with the image of the face captured, the system would check other parameters. other parameters including Heart rate and oxygen level. When these parameters also match with abnormal conditions, then our designed system would give an output saying that the person is going through a Heart attack and sending alert messages to nearby hospitals.
Emergency Smart Phone Application
Authors: Khadela Dharmi Vipesh
Published: July 2022

Abstract: Emergency calls play a very important role in today’s world. With the increasing amount of crime rates around the world, seeking help from officials can become necessary anytime and anywhere. In such cases, 911-calls are definitely the prime instincts. However, imagine a case of breakout in your house. You decided to hide in your bedroom closet as there didn’t seem a better option. Calling the emergency line is the thought that comes to you first but any sort of noise will alert the intruder. What will you do in such cases? Just sit back and pray for your safety? What about the people who are deaf, mute or have a speech disability? Dialing 911 would definitely not be the solution. This made me think, why not have an application that can act as the emergency call.
Review Study on Concept of Aatma in Aastik Darshan
Authors: Madhukar Dr. Lahange Sandeep
Published: July 2022

Abstract: Ayurveda is a long-established Science along with enormous philosophical concepts as a base, experience of practice through keen interpretation for prognosis and treatment, research, logical thinking and all these are passed on for generations; hence is experienced based science with its own concepts and methods of exploration. The living body is responsible performance by the Purusha or Jeevatma. Acharya Charaka mention that Sattva (Mind), Aatma (Soul) and Sharir (Body) as Tridand Sharir in first chapter of Sutrasthan. These are the tripod of human body in which all the universal factors along with Jeevatma (omnipresent observer) is present. These three are like a tripod; the world is sustained by their combination. They constitute the substratum for everything. According to Hindu philosophy, the systems of philosophy are divided into two main classes, namely, Aastik (Atheist) philosophy and Nastik philosophy. Buddhist, Jain, and Charvaka these 3 are Nastik philosophy which has been not accepted Veda as fundamental consideration. The follower of Sanatan Dharma is divided into the 6 branches as Sankhya, Yoga, Vedanta, Mimansa, Nyaya and Vaisheshika. This is commonly known as Shada Darshan. The views of all these philosophers regarding the Aatma are mentioned here.
PV FED ZETA-SEPIC based Integrated Converter for Street Light System
Authors: K Viji
Published: July 2022

Abstract: This paper proposes an efficient cost-effective PV fed zeta-Sepic integrated converter for street lighting system. Generally, two separate power electronics converters are used for charging and discharging of battery.in proposed system zetaSepic converter is used as a single power electronics interface for the complete operation. Fractional order incremental conductance (FO-INC) algorithm is used for MPPT control. The integrated converter has at least components compared to those existing converter which have stepping up and stepping down capability in all modes. The proposed street light system is designed and modeled such that the performance is not affected under dynamic conditions. The suitability of proposed system at practical operation condition is demonstrated through simulation result using MATLAB/Simulink followed by an experimental validation
Review: Reuse of Treated Wastewater
Authors: Pandey Bharat Chandra
Published: July 2022

Abstract: Water reuse generally refers to the process of using treated wastewater (reclaimed water) for beneficial purposes such as agricultural and landscape irrigation, industrial processes, nonpotable urban applications (such as toilet flushing, street washing, and fire protection), groundwater recharge, recreation, and direct or undirected water supply. Its increased application has been facilitated by modern wastewater treatment processes that have advanced substantially during the twentieth century. Water Reuse is a reality at international. Several practices have emerged around the world as results of different needs, perspectives and policies. Accelerating development occurred in the past 15 years, especially in the application field of potable reuse. Technologies and treatment flowsheets have been studied and validated, demonstrating advanced water quality, safety and suitability for potable reuse applications. Reuse of wastewater after its treatment may be a good alternative for regions, which suffer from lack of pure water or have limited access to water resources. Effective water reuse applications require a combination of advanced treatment technologies. Increasingly these include a combination of low-pressure technologies MF/UF followed by NF/RO (high pressure) to provide a high-quality grade of water. Submerged membrane bioreactor systems (MBR) have also become a viable alternative for wastewater reuse technologies. Reuse technologies may be applied for municipal and industrial wastewater. Reuse of wastewater is only possible if sanitary and environmental safety is provided with no hazard for current ecosystem. That fact requires strict fulfilment of laws and regulation. Wastewater to be reused has to follow a certain sequence of treatment procedures to reduce concentration of pollutants in it. Water reuse (also commonly known as water recycling or water reclamation) reclaims water from a variety of sources then treats and reuses it for beneficial purposes such as agriculture and irrigation, potable water supplies, groundwater replenishment, industrial processes, and environmental restoration. Water reuse can provide alternatives to existing water supplies and be used to enhance water security, sustainability, and resilience that might be traditional methods (waste separation, sedimentation), methods of removal of certain components (nitrogen and phosphorus), disinfection
Perspectiva histórica del trastorno del espectro del autismo
Authors: Jaramillo-Arias Piedad , Sampedro-Tobón María Elena , Sánchez-Acosta Daniela
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCCIÓN:
El presente artículo incluye una mirada histórica de algunas teorías y clasificaciones del trastorno del espectro del autismo (TEA), incluyendo a los autores más reconocidos y las perspectivas semiológicas vigentes. Se pretende contribuir así a la unificación de criterios entre los profesionales, y propender por la reflexión acerca de las consecuencias de una conceptualización desacertada del trastorno.

MATERIALES Y MÉTODO:
Se trata de una revisión documental de artículos indexados en bases de datos, y otros documentos seleccionados intencionalmente.

RESULTADOS:
Tres categorías a saber fueron consideradas para la organización de la información: a) de la ficción a la ciencia: el paso de la sintomatología mítica a la clasificación nosológica; b) los pioneros austríacos: la dualidad inicial que se transformó en espectro; y c) trastorno del espectro del autismo: una trayectoria en la estructuración de sus criterios diagnósticos.

DISCUSIÓN Y CONCLUSIONES:
La variabilidad en las hipótesis etiológicas, así como en la manifestación de los síntomas nucleares del TEA, han impactado en su clasificación y abordaje terapéutico. Se requiere una actualización permanente de los profesionales por el avance de la genética y las neurociencias, siendo posible la futura generación de cambios en el rol de los profesionales que intervienen en su detección, evaluación e intervención.
Revisión de las pruebas cognitivas breves para pacientes con sospecha de demencia
Authors: Bombón-Albán Paulina Elizabeth , Campoverde-Pineda Evelyn Gabriela , Medina-Carrillo María Alejandra
Published: July 2022

NTRODUCCIÓN:
Para ser útiles, las pruebas cognitivas breves (PCB) deben ser rápidas, sensibles, fáciles de realizar y no necesitar de un gran entrenamiento para hacerlo. Las pruebas cognitivas breves comúnmente utilizadas incluyen el Mini Examen del Estado Mental (MMSE) y la Evaluación Cognitiva de Montreal (MoCA).

OBJETIVO:
Brindar una descripción de las PCB disponibles y sus propiedades psicométricas para la detección de la demencia.

MÉTODOS:
Revisión narrativa

RESULTADOS:
El MMSE le otorga un gran peso a la orientación, la memoria, la visuo-espacialidad y el lenguaje, y, en consecuencia, puede ser sensible a los déficits cognitivos encontrados en la demencia tipo Alzheimer. MoCA es una prueba breve más compleja que evalúa una gama más amplia de dominios cognitivos, especialmente funciones ejecutivas, proporcionando una mayor sensibilidad para detectar el deterioro cognitivo leve y otros tipos de demencia, no solo la demencia tipo Alzheimer.

CONCLUSIONES:
Las PCB son parte del arsenal necesario para ayudar a confirmar la sospecha de la demencia. La escolaridad tiene un impacto importante en el desempeño de las PCB y puede sesgar la interpretación de los resultados obtenidos.
Massive presence of off-label medicines in Danish neonatal departments. A nationwide survey using national hospital purchase data
Authors: Gade Christina , Trolle Stine , Mørk Mette , Lewis Anna , Andersen Peter , Jacobsen Thorkild , Andersen Jon , Lausten-Thomsen Ulrik
Published: July 2022

Background and Purpose

Pharmaceutical treatment in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is
challenging, and newborns are often exposed to numerous different
medicines during their hospitalization. There is currently insufficient
knowledge of gestational age dependent medicine disposition, and
accordingly the use of off-label medication, i.e., use of medicines
outside its approved marketing authorization, is high. This study aims
to estimate the off-label medication use in Danish neonatal departments.

Experimental Approach

By using data from the Danish National Pharmaceutical Hospital Purchase
Database, we identified the most commonly occurring medicines and
estimated the on/off-label ratios for premature and term neonates. Data
was extracted on ATC level 5 and based on defined daily doses as per
WHO.

Key Results

Data included was covering the 4 high-level NICUs and 10 of 13 of the
intermediate/standard level neonatal departments in Denmark. Of the
identified medication, 87% and 70% did not have approved marketing
authorization for use in premature and full-term neonates, respectively.
Furthermore one-fifth of the top 100 medicines did not have a (Danish)
marketing license. Overall, off-label medication was widespread covering
virtually all ATC groups and no ATC group had an off-label level lower
than 50%. Finally, in 21% of medications, additives from 8 different
chemical groups with potential deleterious effects for neonates were
identified.

Conclusion

Off-label medication in the Danish neonatal departments is widespread,
and the current state of neonatal official regulatory drug approval
leaves both patients and neonatologists in a limbo between legal
pharmaco-regulation and clinical need for pharmacotherapy in
neonatology.
Design and Spectral Validation of RAD51 Inhibitors Based on BRC4 (1523-1546)
Authors: Pan Boyuan , Fu Linna , Du Heng , Liu Guangbin , Duan Bingchao , Lu Kui
Published: July 2022

RAD51 is a core factor for homologous recombination (HR) to repair DNA
double strand breaks and overexpressed in breast cancer cells. Truncated
peptide BRC4 (1523-1537) was obtained by computer simulation which had
the highest binding free energy targeting RAD51. To enhance the binding
affinity to the target protein, six nicotinic acid derivatives were
modified at the N-terminal of BRC4 (1523-1537) by Fmoc solid-state
synthesis to obtain nicotinamide-modified peptides. The interaction of
RAD51 (181-200) with BRC4 (1523-1537) and nicotinamide-modified peptides
were verified by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and fluorescence
spectroscopy. In conclusion, modifying small molecule pharmacophores can
improve binding ability. According to spectral results,
2-chloro-5-fluoronicotinic acid modified BRC4 (1523-1537) has the most
significant influence on the secondary structure of RAD51 (181-200);
binding constant is 1.1×10 L·mol
. Cell experiments showed that BRC4 (1523-1537)
modified with nicotinic acid N-oxide had the best inhibitory effect on
the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells.
HEPTYLALKANOYLDISULFIDES AS EFFECTIVE ANTIMICROBIAL ADDITIVES
Authors: Azizova Sara , Aliyev Fuad
Published: July 2022

Study of antimicrobial properties of the studied
heptylalkanoyldisulfides revealed effective bactericidal and fungicidal
activities in suppression of fungi and bacteria allowing them to be used
as biocides in storage and transportation of oil products.
Insight into the green route to dimethyl succinate by direct esterification of sodium succinate using CO2 and CH3OH
Authors: Wang Yugao , Han Xiao-chen , Gu Bao , Wu Hua-shuai , Shen Jun , Wei Xian-Yong
Published: July 2022

The fermentation method for preparing SA is distinguished by low energy
consumption and environmental friendliness, but the resulting products
mainly exist in form of disodium succinate (DSA). Direct esterification
of DSA using CO2 and CH3OH as esterification reagent to produce dimethyl
succinate (DMS) can avoid use of inorganic acids in downstream
esterification industry of bio-based DSA. On basis of high-resolution
mass spectrometry analysis and quantum theoretical calculation, the
process of DSA direct esterification involved sequentially forming
3-carboxypropanoate, monomethyl succinate (MMS), and DMS. Furthermore,
the reaction kinetics of DSA direct esterification was investigated by
experiment and numerical simulation method, where the reaction kinetics
equation and reaction rate constant were obtained. The activation energy
for the generated process of MMS by DSA was 37.15 kJ/mol, while the one
for the formed process of DMS from MMS was 85.80 kJ/mol, indicating the
latter was the speed control step of DSA direct esterification.
Monitoring and Evaluation of ADB’s Climate Change Operational Framework 2017–2030
Authors: Williams Lesley Elaine , Lising Ernalyn , Javier Esmyra
Published: July 2022

This paper reviews the Climate Change Operational Framework 2017–2030 (CCOF2030) focusing on measures to enhance the climate actions of ADB in its developing member countries. It examines primary components of the CCOF2030 results framework for good monitoring and evaluation. The similarities and overlaps between the CCOF2030 and ADB’s Strategy 2030, specifically Operational Priority 3, are also discussed in terms of the intersecting themes of climate change, disaster resilience, and environmental sustainability. Key recommendations focus on how ADB can streamline and allocate responsibilities for measuring and monitoring common performance metrics relating to climate change.
Komparasi Kinerja Keuangan dan Pelayanan Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Malang Tahun 2019-2020
Authors: Safitri Avianda Rahma
Published: July 2022

This study aims to analyze the comparison of the public service agency's financial and service performance in the era before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study examines finance and service empirically using the old method (Perdirjen PB PER-32/PB/2014) and the new method (Maturity Rating BLU). The sample used in this study is one of the public service agency under the ministry of health in the field of education (Polythecnic of Health Kemenkes Malang). The type of data used is primary and secondary data, and the data analysis used is descriptive. The results showed that there were differences in the measurement of financial and service performance between the Perdirjen PB-32/2014 and Maturity Rating BLU method, also the Covid-19 pandemic has not had major impact on the performance of the public service agency.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbandingan kinerja keuangan dan pelayanan Badan Layanan Publik pada era sebelum dan selama pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini mengkaji keuangan dan jasa secara empiris menggunakan metode lama (Perdirjen PB PER-32/PB/2014) dan metode baru (Maturity Rating BLU). Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah salah satu badan pelayanan publik di bawah kementerian kesehatan bidang pendidikan (Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Malang). Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder, analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan pengukuran kinerja keuangan dan pelayanan antara metode Perdirjen PB-32/2014 dan Maturity Rating BLU, serta pandemi Covid-19 belum berdampak besar terhadap kinerja badan layanan publik.

Kata kunci: Kinerja Keuangan, Maturity Rating BLU, Badan Layanan Publik, Politeknik Kemenkes
Pancasila Perspective on the Development of Legal Philosophy: Relation of Justice and Progressive Law
Authors: Andriawan Wawan
Published: July 2022

The development of philosophical science spreads to aspects of the operation of law along with the dynamics of human civilization. However, this philosophical concept must be filtered with the essential values, including Indonesia. This is because the fusion of philosophical ideas with elements as stated in the state constitution of a nation must be interpreted and crystallized in various legal products issued by a government. This study aims to describe the Pancasila perspective on the development of legal philosophy in Indonesia and analyze the meaning of 'justice' from a progressive legal perspective. This research is legal research using a conceptual approach and legislation. The legal materials used in this research are primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. These two materials are considered to examine the legal issues raised in this research. The result of this study is that the philosophy of law in Indonesia is based on the precepts of all the principles in Pancasila. Pancasila is actually in line with the flow of legal philosophy, namely Sociological Jurisprudence. This departs from the three dimensions of Pancasila, which is oriented to give birth to harmony from the implementation of rights and obligations in every existing legal subject. Then, the concept of progressive law provides the view that Justice is more oriented as substantive Justice, not procedural Justice. This is because Justice is the essence of the law itself; so that Justice cannot be calculated mathematically, cannot be interpreted purely textually, or can only be said to be 'fair' when there are two people who have the same share as others.
Penegakan Hukum terhadap PT Rayon Utama Makmur Akibat Limbah Tekstil yang Merugikan Warga
Authors: Sari Widya Ayu Nirmala
Published: July 2022

Based on the 1945 Constitution Article 1 paragraph 3, Indonesia is a state ruled by law since the constitution of Indonesia incorporated several legal systems. The law should be fair, impartial to those in power and not intimidate the weak. However, the law is often misused and traded for the interests of those in power. This study aims to find out how the law is enforced against PT Rayon Utama Makmur that has harmed local residents for causing environmental pollution as a result of the textile factory activities. Data are collected from literature. The theory used is the conflict theory of Karl Marx given that there was a conflict of interest between PT Rayon Utama Makmur and the local residents. The results of the study indicate that the law enforcement against PT Rayon Utama Makmur is still very weak. After being proven to have polluted the environment by dumping the factory waste into the river thus endangering the health of the residents, PT Rayon Utama Makmur did not receive any significant sanctions so that it did not cause a deterrent effect for the company. The weak law enforcement for PT Rayon Utama Makmur caused injustice for the residents. And that gradually triggered a conflict between the residents and the company.
Сознание человека, сознание млекопитающих и искусственный интеллект
Authors: Фоменков Андрей
Published: July 2022

Что такое сознание, какова разница между сознанием человека, сознанием млекопитающих из живой природы и домашних питомцев, есть ли сознание у других представителей животного мира, обладают ли сознанием насекомые. Многие философы, ученые, на протяжении столетий, пытались дать определение сознанию, пытались выяснить, что такое сознание человека, что такое сознание млекопитающих и вообще, существует ли у животных сознание.

И в настоящее время, этот вопрос так и остался открытым. Даже относительно себя, человек не может дать исчерпывающий ответ - что такое сознание, не говоря уже о представителях остального животного мира. Вопрос сознания, лежит на границе между философией и наукой. В данном эссе, на примере научной деятельности, проведенной группой "Полигон", я сжато опишу основные идеи этого исследования.
De la libertad al ostracismo: Amantes, hijos naturales e ilegítimos de los reyes Pedro II y Jaime II (1240-1327)
Authors: Cingolani Stefano M.
Published: July 2022

En esta contribución me propongo, en primer lugar, recopilar y ordenar lo que recoge la bibliografía que me ha precedido añadiendo al dossier tradicional algunos hijos y madres aparecidos últimamente, y otros totalmente nuevos, gracias a investigaciones en archivo. En segundo lugar, analizar la categoría de las amantes, cuando están presentes ‒ a la vez que las esposas o no‒ , el trato que reciben en vida del monarca y después de su muerte, así como el comportamiento con los respectivos hijos. Finalmente, se considerarán varios casos relativos al reconocimiento de la condición de hijo de rey, situaciones que se dieron una vez muerto el padre.
À la recherche des filiations illégitimes dans les sources françaises (XIe-XVe siècle). Questions de méthode, questions de problématiques
Authors: Avignon Carole , Fieyre Marie-Lise
Published: July 2022

La agency de ciertos bastardos arroja luz hoy en día sobre las implicaciones de la incapacidad legalmente construida de la bastardía. Permite percibir en qué medida y de qué manera estas personas encuentran su lugar, en la sociedad cristiana medieval, en la familia y en las operaciones genealógicas del parentesco occidental. El artículo propone situar estos nuevos temas de investigación en la tradición francófona de los estudios sobre la bastardía, entre el derecho y la historia, e ilustrar la evolución de la relación de los investigadores con los temas y las fuentes. Tras una primera investigación doctoral sobre el linaje de los Borbones a finales de la Edad Media, de Marie-Lise Fieyre, surgen otros trabajos, como el programa de investigación Filiation, Identité, Altérité Médiévales (Fil_IAM), dirigido por Carole Avignon y financiado por la Agence Nationale de la Recherche desde 2020.
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF EDGE ROUNDNESS ON THE STRESSES AND CUTTING FORCES FOR CERAMIC CUTTING TOOLS
Authors: Suha K. Shehab
Published: July 2022

This work summarizes the effect of edge round preparation for three types of ceramic cutting tool materials (Al2O3/ZrO2, Al2O3/ TiC, Si3N4/Y2O3) upon cutting forces and stress distribution on the cutting tool in orthogonal cutting as determined with Finite Element Method simulations.

The results obtained from this study provide a fundamental understanding of the process mechanics for cutting with realistic cutting tool edges and may assist in the optimization of tool edge design. These results compare with other previously published papers and showed a good agreement.

It is also proved, that for every cutting condition and tool material, there is an optimum geometry. The material of ceramic cutting tools proved, that it has been good in performance comparing with other previously published papers.