bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Determining the Best Product Promotion Media Decisions for MSMEs with ROC Ranking Technique and SAW Ranking Method
Authors: Soleman Soleman
Published: August 2024

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) face challenges in determining effective promotional media to increase sales of their products. This research aims to evaluate and determine the best promotional media for MSMEs using the ROC (Rank Order Centroid) ranking technique and the SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) method. The criteria used include Advertising Costs, Target Market, Promotion Time, and Brand Image. Based on the calculation of criteria weights with the ROC technique and evaluation of alternatives with the SAW method, Social Media was found to be the best promotional media, followed by Search Engines and Product Collaboration. Social Media has advantages in low cost, wide target market reach, and promotional flexibility and effectiveness. Search Engines and Product Collaboration also showed good results in reaching the target market and promotional flexibility. In contrast, Print Media ranked the lowest due to limited reach and high costs. This research provides guidance for MSMEs in choosing the right promotional media and optimizing resources for maximum promotional results.
Application of Interactive Games on Tourism Objects Based on Augmented Reality Gamification
Authors: Aristana Made Dona Wahyu , Sanusi Rikcy , Sudipa I Gede Iwan , Aditama Putu Wirayudi , Wiguna I Komang Arya Ganda
Published: August 2024

The development of information technology is always growing rapidly, especially in the field of android smartphones. Android smartphones can now be obtained at a fairly affordable price. With rapid development, there are so many innovations that can be developed by the smartphone itself, even the tourism sector such as The Sila's Agroutourism can get the impact of several innovations that exist along with the times such as Augmented Reality. In this research, the author uses two augmented reality methods, namely Marker Based Tracker and also Markerless. Where Marker based tracker is a method that uses image illustrations in the form of QR codes or special logos to identify an object in the Augmented Reality application. While Markerless is a method that does not require a marker or image to display the object. So that this research produces an augmanted reality game using the marker-based tracker method and also markerless which takes the GPS tracker method as its markerless method. This test uses 3 tests, namely Blackbox testing, Response Time testing and also User Experience Questioner (UEQ). Where the UEQ results filled in by 35 respondents get results above average (Excelent). So that it shows that this game is good and as expected.
Implementation of Sibi Sign Language Realtime Detection Program (Case Studi At Sekolah Luar Biasa Negeri 1 Tabanan)
Authors: Suyitno Yoga Kristian , Sudiarsa I Wayan , Hartawan I Nyoman Buda , Putra I Dewa Putu Gede Wiyata
Published: August 2024

Indonesian deaf people utilize SIBI to communicate using spoken words, gestures, facial expressions, and body language. SIBI, certified for Special Schools (SLB), helps deaf pupils communicate. This project implements SIBI (Indonesian Sign Language System) a real-time detection algorithm at Sekolah Luar Biasa Negeri 1 Tabanan using image processing and YoloV8 ultralytics deep learning. The program trains a sign language gesture detection model on Google Colab's GPU. The SIBI sign language images were used to train a YoloV8 object detection model. The camera captures movements, which the YoloV8 algorithm trained on SIBI gesture data processes. It can recognize gestures in real time and generate text to non-sign language users. The dataset has 107 class vocabulary and 7 class affix prefixes for complete gesture recognition. Shirt color, room brightness, and webcam quality affect detection rates. Optimal detection accuracy is 87.74% and subpar 58.02%. Despite these limitations, the strategy helps deaf students communicate more effectively with non-sign language speakers. This program improves inclusivity and communication in schools, making learning easier for hearing-impaired pupils. This work provides a reliable and quick sign language identification system to help deaf educators and caregivers with daily interactions and education.
Naïve Bayes-based Student Graduation Prediction Model: Effectiveness and Implementation to Improve Timely Graduation
Authors: Atmaja Ketut Jaya , Indrawan I Putu Yoga , Asana I Made Dwi Putra , Wawan I Kadek , Udayanie Ayu Gde Chrisna
Published: August 2024

Studies in an educational institution, when the lack of timely graduation of students in each batch and the number of students in each batch, causes an imbalance between incoming students and outgoing students and causes a decrease in accreditation from the campus, this should not continue to happen, the solution to dealing with this problem as an early detection of students who graduate on time is to predict the length of the student study period they have. Therefore, researchers will discuss the design of a prediction system for graduating on time using the Naïve Bayes method, to predict student graduation so that there is no imbalance of incoming and outgoing students. The construction of this system also uses the Naïve Bayes method and the CRISP-DM (Cross Industry Standard Process Data Mining) development method. In this case study, the Naïve Bayes method predicts data into 2, namely 1 (graduated on time) and 0 (did not graduate on time) by labeling the data used. In this model using 3247 data with the selection of features, namely semester achievement index 1 (ips1), ips2, ips3, ips4, ips5, semester credit units1 (credits1), credits2, credits3, credits4, credits5, semester credit units not passed 1 (skstidaklulus1), skstidaklulus2, skstidaklulus3, skstidaklulus4, skstidaklulus5 and labels. Using these feature variables results in model performance with 80% accuracy, with 80% accuracy it can be said that the model works well.
Cybersecurity Integration in Enterprise Architecture for IoT Infrastructure in Steel Manufacturing
Authors: Hindarto Djarot
Published: August 2024

As a result of the widespread adoption of Internet of Things technology in the steel manufacturing industry, there is an urgent requirement for the implementation of robust cybersecurity measures. The proliferation of IoT devices has caused a data explosion, which in turn has increased the risk of cyberattacks. The purpose of this research is to develop an enterprise architecture model that is capable of effectively managing cybersecurity risks on Internet of Things infrastructure in the steel manufacturing industry. This is a response to the urgent challenge that has been presented. The methodology utilized in this study is a rigorous qualitative approach, which involves the collection and analysis of data through interviews and literature reviews related to the topic. Following an in-depth analysis of the findings of the research, several important goals have been established. These goals include the identification of potential dangers, the reduction of potential risks, and the effective implementation of security controls. Within the context of the steel manufacturing industry, this research makes a significant contribution to the improvement of cybersecurity in Internet of Things infrastructure. In addition to identifying potential dangers and mitigating risks, the architecture model that has been proposed is about more than that. It offers a comprehensive and well-coordinated safety strategy, which guarantees a strong defense against cyber threats.
Effect of Psychology, Organizational Culture and Motivation on Employee Performance: The Case of PT Bumi Andalas Permai
Authors: Prayoga Yongki , Idris Muhammad , Trihandayani Zaleha
Published: August 2024

This research aims to determine the influence of psychological factors, organizational culture and motivation on employee performance at PT. Bumi Andalas Permai. This type of research is associative. The variables researchers use are psychological factors, organizational culture, work motivation and performance. The sample in this research was employees of PT. Bumi Andalas Permai is located in the Simpang Heran River - Beyuku II River Forest Group, OKI Regency, South Sumatra Province, with 117 people selected using cluster sampling. The data used in this research is primary data collected through a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is Multiple Linear Regression. The results of this research show that (1) psychological factors, organizational culture, and motivation have a positive and significant effect on employee performance, (2) psychological factors have a positive and significant effect on employee performance, (3) organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, (4) motivation has no significant effect on employee work motivation
Reabilitação oral utilizando coroas impressas em 3D para amelogênese imperfeita: relato de caso
Authors: Amarante Bruna Cordeiro , Cabral Camila Gallo , Santos Catielma Nascimento , Moraes Emerson Junio de , Gentile Ana Carolina Cheron , Bönecker Marcelo , Romano Marcelo Munhóes
Published: August 2024

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a condition that severely affects tooth enamel. In most cases aesthetics and function are compromised while solutions are scarce and have high cost. The purpose of this case report is to describe a rehabilitation case of a 13-year-old male patient diagnosed with amelogenesis imperfecta. A minimally invasive oral rehabilitation was planned using digital workflow for planning, 3D printing of crowns and S-PRG fillers as an aesthetic and functional solution, with lower cost, in the face of the AI case presented. Case report: 13-year-old male with pain, sensitivity, and aesthetics complaints, the patient has been diagnosed with Amelogenesis Imperfecta Hypomaturation-Hypoplastic, Type IV (AIHHT – OMIM: 104510). Treatment was divided into three phases, preventive and sensitivity management, minimally invasive oral rehabilitation – CAD-CAM and orthodontic treatment. It is possible to conclude that digital flow and 3D printing have many benefits for dentistry such as treatment predictability, chairside and lower material waste, cost and working time. It can also be concluded that digital dentistry allows oral rehabilitation following minimal intervention principles and that it was a successful treatment with aesthetic, function and quality of life improvements.
Restoration of fractured anterior tooth with monochrome composite resin in pediatric dental patient
Authors: Soares Garcia Beatriz de Fátima , Lima Lachi Elisiee , Oliveira Tomáz Ferraresso Lucas Fernando , Besegato João Felipe , Grama Hoeppner Márcio
Published: August 2024

Direct restoration with monochromatic composite resin is a treatment option for teeth with coronal fracture after dentoalveolar trauma. This restorative material, in principle, is capable of mimicking the color of the dental substrate. This study aimed to report and discuss the technique of direct restoration with monochromatic composite resin, in a child patient. An 8-year-old male patient attended the Emergency Room of the Baby Clinic of the State University of Londrina for immediate treatment after dentoalveolar trauma that resulted in enamel and dentin fracture, without pulp involvement. As a procedure, restoration was performed with glass ionomer cement and referral to the institution's Dental Residency program. In this service, after case planning, the restoration of the coronal fracture of the substrates was performed with the insertion of multiple increments of the Vittra APS Unique (FGM) composite, with the aid of a silicone guide prepared based on a waxing model to facilitate the reestablishment of the palatal surface form and anatomy. In the clinical follow-up evaluation, the aesthetic and functional results obtained were considered highly satisfactory by patients, relatives and dental clinicians. Thus, it can be concluded that the option for monochromatic composite resin is a viable alternative to make it easier for the dental clinicians to perform the procedure and reduce the clinical time, a relevant fact because it is a case of caring for a pediatric dentistry patient.
Comparative Physiochemical Appraisal of Groundwater and Drinking Water Quality Assessment in Hisar District
Authors: Surender Singh Malik  , Dr. Vishnu Dev Gupta
Published: August 2024

Having access to clean drinking water is crucial, especially in rural areas where groundwater is the main water supply. This study has assessed the physicochemical quality of the groundwater in hisar District, Haryana, India. The following physiochemical parameters were determined on 30 samples samples that were gathered from thirty different locations: pH, total dissolved solids, total hardness, alkalinity, electrical conductivity, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, nitrate, fluoride, and sulfate. These findings were compared to the standards set by the Indian Council of Medical Research, the Bureau of Indian Standards, the World Health Organization, and other regulatory authorities. The majority of the required parameters were found to be within allowable bounds; but, total hardness, calcium, and magnesium were shown to be higher than advised in several locations. According to the Water Quality Index, groundwater in certain regions is becoming unsafe for human consumption due to its diminishing quality. This study emphasizes the need of routine monitoring in addition to providing vital information to support mitigation efforts and guarantee the supply of sustainable and clean water resources for the residents of the hisar district in the state of Haryana
Partisipasi Orang Tua Dalam Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Sari Rosalinda Amanda , Siregar Mhd. Fuad Zaini , Nurhamidah Nurhamidah
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi akan pentingnya menjaga kehangatan dan keharmonisan antara suami dan istri, karena jika kasus tumbuh kembang anak yang mengalami gangguan psikologis secara pribadi akibat putusnya hubungan atau bahkan perceraian orang tua akan menimbulkan terhadap kebahagiaan dan stabilitas psikologis dan mental sang anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan pola asuh orang tua dalam mendidik anak sebagai perwujudan dari rasa tanggung jawab kepada anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi pustaka. Kepribadian yang dimiliki setiap anak yang berbeda-beda harus terus dikelola dan dibentuk oleh orang tua. Potensi tersebut didasarkan pada pemikiran perkembangan anak, sehingga pendidikan anak usia dini harus didasarkan pada kebutuhan anak dan disesuaikan dengan nilai-nilai yang dianut lingkungan. Dalam situasi ini, orang tua merupakan pengambil keputusan utama dan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan dalam bagaimana memaksimalkan potensi anak dengan menstimulasi dan memberikan berbagai fasilitas yang dibutuhkannya.
Pola Pengasuhan Orang Tua Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Prilaku Manja Anak
Authors: Sembiring Rahmadani Br
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini menelaah pola asuh orangtua dan kemandirian anak. Permasalahan penelitian adalah apakah ada hubungan antara pola asuh orangtua dan kemandirian anak? Pertanyaan penelitian: (1) jenis pola asuh manakah sekarang ini yang digunakan orangtua dalam upaya meningkatkan kemandirian anak? (2) jenis pola asuh orangtua manakah yang dapat meningkatkan kemandirian anak? dan 3) adakah hubungan antara pola asuh orangtua dan kemandirian anak?Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui: (1) jenis pola asuh orangtua sekarang ini dalam upaya meningkatkan kemandirian anak, (2) jenis pola asuh yang dapat meningkatkan kemandirian anak, dan (3) hubungan antara pola asuh orangtua dan kemandirian anak. Data dianalisis dengan statistik deskriptif dan statistik infrensial.Peseta penelitian ini adalah seorang ibu yang memiliki anak berprilaku manja, Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara. Data dianalisis dengan analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) jenis pola asuh yang digunakan orangtua sekarang ini dalam meningkatkan kemandirian anaknya, secara berturut-turut: pola asuh positif, demokratis, otoriter, permisif, negatif/tidak sehat, dan penelantar; (2) pola asuh positif dan demokratis dapat meningkatkan kemandirian anak, dan 3) ada hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara pola asuh orangtua dan kemandirian anak.
Pemberdayaan dan Pembinaan Akhlak Remaja Perempuan Dalam Pengajian Dharma Wanita Persatuan Kabupaten Asahan
Authors: Dahmul Dahmul , Aswan Aswan , Lakum Lakum , Kholik Abdul
Published: August 2024

Kabupaten Asahan, memiliki tantangan dalam pemberdayaan dan pembinaan akhlak remaja perempuan di kalangan warganya. Program pengabdian masyarakat ini melibatkan remaja perempuan dalam hal ini dilakukan pendakwah yang bertujuan untuk melakukan pemberdayaan dan pembinaan akhlak remaja perempuan tantangan tersebut melalui pendekatan karya tulis ilmiah. Kegiatan ini dirancang untuk membentuk akhlak remaja terkhusus perempuan sesuai dengan akhlak yang di terangkan dalam Al-Qur’an dan hadist kepada masyarakat Kabupaten Asahan. Metode pengabdian yang digunakan Service Learning  meliputi pelatihan intensif, diskusi kelompok, dan evaluasi berkelanjutan melalui karya tulis yang dihasilkan oleh peserta. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam kemampuan masyarakat memahami dan mengimplementasikan isi Al Qur'an dan hadist dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Selain itu, masyarakat juga mampu menyampaikan pemahaman mereka melalui karya tulis ilmiah yang baik dan benar. Kegiatan ini tidak hanya menumbuhkan budaya menulis dan berpikir kritis, tetapi juga memperkuat pemahaman keagamaan yang lebih mendalam. Keberhasilan program ini diharapkan dapat menjadi model bagi program serupa di daerah lain.
Meningkatkan Pemahaman Al Qur’an Melalui Karya Tulis Ilmiah di Desa Tanjung Alam Kecamatan Sei Dadap Kabupaten Asahan
Authors: Suhardi Suhardi , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Abidin Zainal , Simatupang Wardah , Panjaitan Mislaina
Published: August 2024

Desa Tanjung Alam, Kecamatan Sei. Dadap, Kabupaten Asahan, memiliki tantangan dalam meningkatkan pemahaman Al Qur'an di kalangan warganya. Program pengabdian masyarakat ini melibatkan Perguruan tinggi dalam hal ini dilakukan dosen beserta mahasiswa yang bertujuan untuk mengatasi tantangan tersebut melalui pendekatan karya tulis ilmiah. Kegiatan ini dirancang untuk meningkatkan literasi Al Qur'an dengan mengajarkan teknik penulisan ilmiah yang berbasis kajian Al Qur'an kepada masyarakat desa. Metode pengabdian yang digunakan Service Learning  meliputi pelatihan intensif, diskusi kelompok, dan evaluasi berkelanjutan melalui karya tulis yang dihasilkan oleh peserta. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam kemampuan masyarakat memahami dan menginterpretasikan isi Al Qur'an secara mendalam dan kritis. Selain itu, masyarakat juga mampu menyampaikan pemahaman mereka melalui karya tulis ilmiah yang baik dan benar. Kegiatan ini tidak hanya menumbuhkan budaya menulis dan berpikir kritis, tetapi juga memperkuat pemahaman keagamaan yang lebih mendalam. Keberhasilan program ini diharapkan dapat menjadi model bagi program serupa di daerah lain.
Training to Improve English Vocabulary Via Audio-Visual Media For Primary Students of Silo Baru Village Dusun X Asahan District
Authors: Marpaung Agus Salim , Pulungan Putri Suaidah
Published: August 2024

When it is done appropriately, the transition from traditional classroom instruction to technology-based instruction in English language instruction has a lot of potential advantages. A few crucial aspects of its implementation to consider include selecting appropriate technology and emphasizing vocabulary expansion. There is a great chance that training targeted at increasing students' vocabulary following the use of audio-visuals in English language learning will boost their motivation even more. Participants from Silo Baru Village's coastal primary schools will have the chance to learn more about this technology in particular. It is hoped that by using audio-visual media to enhance vocabulary acquisition, students will become more intrinsically motivated as a result of this training activity. It is thought that since kids are really interested in studying, they would be able to concentrate more on improving their mastery of vocabulary in English. It is important to monitor and evaluate the impact of this training, both in terms of increasing vocabulary and in students' learning motivation. The data and feedback obtained from this activity will be key to assessing the effectiveness of audio-visual technology in improving the English language skills of coastal elementary schools in the new silo village of Asahan Regency.
THE COLLAPSE OF MODERN DEMOCRACY
Authors: Barroso de Moraes George
Published: August 2024

This scientific article will demonstrate the birth, evolution and crisis of modern democratic regimes. As notorious knowledge, democracy arose from the fall of the monarchical absolutist regime, when human rights appeared accompanied by constitutionalist movements. The evolution was gradual, the result of the social demands that emerged, noting at first the French ideological tripod, namely, freedom, equality and fraternity, reflecting on the social constitutions of social character. It turns out that with the increase of social demands, the state apparatus itself became unable to meet them, despite the existence of social constituent letters enumerating a catalog of human rights. Thus there is the occurrence of the phenomenon of apparent democracy, in which there is a constitutionally foreseen sequence of human rights, together with appropriate legislations, but are not met by the public power, collapsing the system. At the same time, other elements that contribute to the end of democracies are observed, and can point out the partisan political articulations, the search for perpetuation in power, the confidential meetings, the votes for a certain matter and so on that configure what they are what Political scientist Norberto Bobbio defines how the “rules of the game” democratic. Finally, it is appropriate to mention the occurrence of the invisible power of democracy, where not only the subjects hides, but also the content of decisions until the moment they must become public, always having other objectives.
Pendampingan UMKM Melalui Branding Produk Tempe di Desa Parerejo Purwodadi
Authors: Yuwita Nurma , Nikmatus Solihah
Published: August 2024

Pendampingan UMKM melalui strategi Branding di Pendopo Legowo Ambangun Projo Desa Parerejo bertujuan untuk memberdayakan pelaku Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) di wilayah tersebut. Pendampingan ini dirancang untuk memberikan pemahaman mendalam tentang pentingnya pengembangan produk yang kompetitif dan penerapan strategi pemasaran yang efektif di era digital. Dalam pendampingan ini, peserta akan mendapatkan wawasan mengenai konsep branding yang dapat meningkatkan daya tarik produk serta teknik advertising yang relevan untuk menjangkau audiens yang lebih luas. Melalui sesi interaktif dan praktik langsung, peserta akan belajar cara memanfaatkan platform digital, termasuk media sosial dan pemasaran konten, untuk meningkatkan visibilitas produk mereka. Dengan melibatkan narasumber yang berpengalaman di bidang pemasaran digital dan branding, pendampingan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan inspirasi dan solusi praktis bagi UMKM dalam menghadapi tantangan pasar yang semakin kompetitif. Hasil dari kegiatan ini diharapkan tidak hanya meningkatkan pengetahuan peserta, tetapi juga mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi lokal dan memperkuat daya saing UMKM di tingkat regional.
FAST HEATING WATER DISPENSER DENGAN 5 PILIHAN SUHU AIR BERBASIS ARDUINO
Authors: Wardhana Dimas Aditya Putra , Septyan Mamat , Apriansyah Arga Dias
Published: August 2024

Karena pesatnya perkembangan teknologi dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, gaya hidup masyarakat pun berubah semakin cepat. Salah satu teknologi yang paling cepat berkembang adalah elektronik. Alat untuk menyederhanakan atau mempercepat tugas manusia terus dikembangkan selama selama bertahun-tahun. Ini dapat dikenali dari produksi berbagai jenis peralatan rumah tangga dengan fungsi berbeda-beda, termasuk dispenser. Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya suhu di dalam dispenser adalah suhu normal dan suhu panas tetapi tidak ada pengaturan khusus yang dapat digunakan untuk membuat kopi, teh atau susu menggunakan tombol-tombol yang ada. Maka dari itu dibuatlah sebuah inovasi rancang bangun Fast Heating Water Dispenser dengan lima pilihan suhu air (normal, hangat, suhu air untuk teh, suhu air untuk susu dan suhu air untuk kopi dengan desain hardware pendukung berupa selenoid, arduino mega, TFT touchscreen, sensor suhu thermocouple type k max6675, relay dan water pump. Metode penyelesaiannya melakukan percobaan secara manual dengan cara trial and error untuk mendapatkan suhu air yang diinginkan. Manfaat dari alat Fast Heating Water Dispenser adalah pengguna lebih mudah mendapatkan air di suhu yang diinginkan, membantu meringankan pengguna dengan cara tidak mengangkat galon. Hasil yang didapatkan pada alat Fast Heating Water Dispenser ini adalah alat dapat menyediakan air dengan suhu normal dengan waktu 15 detik dengan kapasitas air 392,5 ml, dapat menyediakan air dengan suhu hangat (35°C) dengan waktu 20 detik dengan kapasitas air 392,5 ml, dapat menyediakan air dengan suhu teh (66°C) dengan waktu 45 detik dengan kapasitas air 392,5 ml, dapat menyediakan air dengan suhu susu (70°C) dengan waktu 49 detik dengan kapasitas air 392,5 ml, dan dapat menyediakan air dengan suhu kopi (95°C) dengan waktu 75 detik dengan kapasitas air 392,5 ml.
SISTEM PEMANTAUAN DAN KONTROL LINGKUNGAN OTOMATIS PADA KOLAM IKAN MUJAIR BERBASIS PROTOKOL ESP-NOW DAN APLIKASI BLYNK
Authors: Saputra Moch. Yusuf , Abror Gezaq , Dewantoro Totok , Septyan Mamat , Wardhana Dimas Aditya Putra
Published: August 2024

Di era teknologi yang telah berkembang sangat pesat, manfaatnya pun semakin dirasakan. Kemajuan teknologi tidak hanya dapat membantu dan mempersingkat pekerjaan manusia, tetapi juga dapat membantu bisnis termasuk bisnis budidaya ikan. Untuk memelihara ikan mujair di kolam, dibutuhkan pemeliharaan kolam yang teratur. Hal ini termasuk memantau kadar garam, pH, kekeruhan air, dan suhu secara berkala. Berdasarkan masalah tersebut, pada penelitian ini dibuat sebuah alat dengan sistem pemantauan dan kontrol lingkungan otomatis pada kolam ikan mujair berbasis mikrokontroler ESP32 dengan protokol komunikasi IoT yaitu protokol ESP-NOW. Dengan menggunakan aplikasi Blynk pada smartphone Android, pengguna dapat memantau parameter kualitas air, seperti nilai suhu, nilai pH, kekeruhan dan kadar garam (TDS) yang harus dijaga sesuai dengan parameter yang telah dirancang. Alat ini dapat membuat budidaya ikan mujair lebih mudah dan lebih ramah lingkungan. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini termasuk sensor TDS DFRobot, sensor pH, kekeruhan (turbidity), dan sensor suhu DS18B20. Alat ini juga dapat mendeteksi dan menstabilkan kekeruhan dan nilai pH air yang tidak sesuai. Dengan kehadiran alat ini, diharapkan ikan yang dihasilkan akan lebih sehat dan berkualitas sehingga meningkatkan harga jual. Hasil pengujian alat dengan penggunaan protokol ESP-NOW dalam penelitian ini mencapai persentase keberhasilan total 100%.
Optimasi Transesterifikasi Minyak Nyamplung dengan Katalis Heterogen: Studi Pengaruh Suhu dan Waktu Reaksi
Authors: Lilla Lilla Puji lestari , Nur Afifah Yunita , Sri Sri Purwanto , Firmansyah Ferdy
Published: August 2024

Penggunaan bahan bakar fosil secara global telah menyebabkan masalah lingkungan dan ekonomi. Biodiesel sebagai sumber energi terbarukan tampak menjanjikan. Tanaman Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) memiliki kandungan minyak yang tinggi dan dapat tumbuh subur di tanah yang tandus, sehingga menjadi sumber biodiesel yang menjanjikan. Penelitian ini meneliti bagaimana perubahan suhu dan durasi reaksi mempengaruhi efisiensi transesterifikasi minyak Nyamplung berbasis katalis heterogen. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan cara untuk mengoptimalkan transesterifikasi dan meningkatkan produksi biodiesel. Biji nyamplung diekstraksi dengan pelarut untuk diambil minyaknya. Katalis heterogen digunakan untuk transesterifikasi pada suhu 60°C, 70°C, dan 80°C dengan waktu reaksi 30-90 menit. GC-MS standar ASTM dan uji karakteristik fisikokimia digunakan untuk menilai produksi dan kualitas biodiesel. Efisiensi transesterifikasi secara signifikan dipengaruhi oleh suhu dan lama reaksi. Hasil biodiesel terbaik adalah 85% pada suhu 70°C selama 60 menit. Meningkatkan suhu di atas 70°C atau periode reaksi lebih dari 60 menit tidak meningkatkan hasil biodiesel dan bahkan dapat menurunkannya. Mengoptimalkan lama reaksi dan suhu dapat meningkatkan efisiensi transesterifikasi minyak nyamplung dengan menggunakan katalis heterogen. Penelitian ini menawarkan landasan ilmiah yang kuat untuk mengembangkan metode pembuatan biodiesel minyak Nyamplung yang lebih efisien dan berkelanjutan, sehingga dapat meningkatkan upaya dunia untuk menemukan sumber energi terbarukan.
Menyibak Makna Hidup Kuncen Petilasan
Authors: Ramadhani Annissa Naurah , Nurjaman Tabah Aris
Published: August 2024

Perubahan budaya yang terus berlangsung mengancam keberlanjutan budaya tradisional dan profesi sebagai juru kunci. Studi kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi digunakan untuk mendalami pengalaman juru kunci di Purworejo, Indonesia, dengan fokus pada pencarian makna hidup dalam konteks pelestarian budaya. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dan observasi, dengan kerangka teoritis Bastaman (1996). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa makna hidup menjadi landasan bagi juru kunci dalam mempertahankan peran mereka dan menghadapi perubahan budaya. Subjek-subjek penelitian telah berhasil menemukan makna hidup mereka melalui peran sebagai juru kunci, yang memengaruhi persepsi mereka terhadap hidup dan kondisi eksternal yang sulit. Penelitian ini berpotensi memberikan wawasan berharga terkait pemeliharaan budaya tradisional. Temuan ini memiliki implikasi bagi pemelihara budaya dan peneliti psikologi budaya dan indigenous.
Hubungan Pet Attachment Dengan Loneliness Pada Mahasiswa Pemilik Hewan Peliharaan Yang Tinggal Di Kost
Authors: Rahma Tarisa Habiba , Rahayu Maria Nugraheni Mardi
Published: August 2024

Di Indonesia, mahasiswa perantau sudah lazim ditemui. Hal ini disebabkan oleh fakta bahwa banyak mahasiswa yang menempuh pendidikan di luar daerah tempat tinggalnya, dan tinggal terpisah dari orang tua, keluarga, dan teman – temannya di kampung halaman. Berada jauh dari orang yang disayangi dan cintai dapat menyebabkan perasaan loneliness. Loneliness adalah respon emosional dan kognitif yang disebabkan oleh kurangnya hubungan yang memadai dan memuaskan dengan individu lain. Memiliki hewan peliharaan dan terjalinnya pet attachment pada hewan peliharaan merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengurangi loneliness. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pet attachment dengan loneliness pada mahasiswa pemilik hewan peliharaan yang tinggal di kost. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional. Sebanyak 220 partisipan terlibat dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik incidental sampling. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Lexington Attachment to Pet Scale (LAPS) dan skala 6-Item Cross Cultural Social Isolation Scale. Hasil analisis koefisien korelasi untuk variabel pet attachment dengan loneliness = 0,332 dengan signifikansi sebesar 0,000 (p0,05). Hasil analisis data menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang positif signifikan antara pet attachment dengan loneliness pada mahasiswa pemilik hewan peliharaan yang tinggal di kost.
Orang Tua Tempat Mencari Bantuan Kesehatan Mental pada Mahasiswa Kota Tangerang
Authors: Lawrentia Tasya , Sokang Yasinta Astin
Published: August 2024

Mahasiswa merupakan salah satu kelompok yang rentan mengalami gangguan kesehatan mental, hal itu disebabkan oleh banyaknya pemicu stres yang mereka alami. Masalah kesehatan mental yang tidak berhasil ditanggulangi dapat berisiko menjadi lebih serius. Keengganan mencari bantuan karena adanya stigma serta kurangnya fasilitas layanan konseling dapat menjadi salah satu faktor yang serius sampai dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya bunuh diri. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui intensi mencari bantuan kesehatan mental pada mahasiswa. Jenis penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 308 mahasiswa di Kota Tangerang. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yaitu purposive sampling. Data diambil menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagikan melalui google form yang kemudian dianalisis secara statistik. Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa mahasiswa di Kota Tangerang memiliki peringkat intensi yang tinggi terhadap sumber bantuan informal seperti orang tua, teman dan pasangan sebagai sumber bantuan ketika mengalami gangguan kesehatan mental. Mahasiswa cenderung memilih sumber bantuan tersebut karena merupakan orang-orang yang paling dekat dan dipercaya oleh individu sehingga memberikan perasaan aman untuk menceritakan permasalahan yang mereka alami.
Hubungan Antara Kebersyukuran Dengan Subjective Well-Being Pada Orang Tua Yang Memiliki Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus
Authors: Alyya Nurul , Hidayat Ahmad
Published: August 2024

Keadaan yang disertai dengan stress yang dialami oleh orangtua anak berkebutuhan khusus akan membuat orangtua merasa tidak sejahtera atau menurunnya Subjective Well-Being. Salah satu yang dapat mempengaruhi Subjective Well-Being adalah rasa syukur.Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kebersyukuran dengan Subjective Well-Being pada orang tua yang memiliki anak berkebutuhan khusus. Sampel yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah semua orangtua yang anaknya sedang terapi disalah satu terapi yang bernama Pusat Layanan Autis (PLA) berjumlah 70 orang dan pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik nonprobability sampling yaitu sampling jenuh. Skala kebersyukuran diadaptasi dari Gratitude Questionnaire-Six Item Form (GQ-6) terdiri dari 6 butir item. Subjective Well-Being diukur menggunakan 2 skala satisfaction with life scale dan scale of positive and negative experiences terdiri dari 5 aitem dan 20 aitem. Teknik analisis data menggunakan SEM dengan pendekatan Partial Least Square (PLS) dengan software smartPLS 3.0 M3. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian nilai koefisien jalur pengaruh kebersyukuran terhadap Subjective Well-Being sebesar 0,760 dengan nilai p value 0,000 0,05 dan nilai t hitung sebesar 16,882. Maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwasanya kebersyukuran berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap Subjective Well-Being, sehingga hipotesis diterima. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi kebersyukuran maka semakin tinggi tingkat Subjective Well-Being pada orang tua yang memiliki anak berkebutuhan khusus, begitu juga sebaliknya.
Peranan Berpikir Positif dan Efikasi Diri terhadap Kecemasan Berbicara di Depan Umum pada Mahasiswa UMSIDA
Authors: Sholikhah Nur Irmatus , Affandi Ghozali Rusyid
Published: August 2024

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan serta peranan berpikir positif dan efikasi diri terhadap kecemasan berbicara di depan umum pada mahasiswa UMSIDA. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif korelasional. Populasi yang digunakan berjumlah 12.417 mahasiswa UMSIDA dan sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 266 mahasiswa UMSIDA. Adapun teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah teknik nonrandom sampling dengan menggunakan accidental sampling. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah menggunakan skala psikologi dengan model skala likert yang terdiri dari berpikir positif, efikasi diri, dan kecemasan berbicara di depan umum. Adapun nilai reliabilitas pada berpikir positif adalah 0,843, nilai reliabilitas pada efikasi diri adalah 0,934 dan nilai reliabilitas pada kecemasan berbicara di depan umum adalah 0,920. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dan pengujian hipotesa yang telah dilakukan oleh peneliti, memperoleh hasil bahwa nilai F = 20.996 dan p.001 yang berarti bahwa terdapat peranan secara simultan berpikir positif dan efikasi diri terhadap kecemasan berbicara di depan umum pada mahasiswa UMSIDA. Sedangkan nilai R² sebesar 0.138 yang artinya bahwa berpikir positif dan efikasi diri berpengaruh terhadap kecemasan berbicara di depan umum sebesar 13,8%. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah berpikir positif dan efikasi diri dapat digunakan untuk membantu mahasiswa meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara didepan umum serta mengurangi kecemasannya.
Hubungan Antara Dukungan Sosial Dengan Kebahagiaan Pada Lansia di PPSLU Adi Yuswo Purworejo
Authors: Christiana Emanuella Hayuning , Yuwono Emmanuel Satyo
Published: August 2024

Menjalani masa akhir perkembangan tidak semua lansia tinggal di dalam keluarga, salah satunya tinggal di panti. Dengan berada di panti mampu membuat lansia merasa bahagia karena tidak perlu mengkhawatirkan tentang kehidupannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara dukungan sosial dengan kebahagiaan lansia di Panti Pelayanan Sosial Lanjut Usia Adi Yuswo Purworejo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian korelasional. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu teknik sampling jenuh dimana populasi menjadi sampel dengan jumlah partisipan 80 lansia. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah alat ukur dukungan sosial dengan tingkat reliabilitas 0.904 dan alat ukur kebahagiaan dengan tingkat reliabilitas 0.920. Hasil analisis penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai koefisien sebesar 0,058 dengan nilai sig. 0,305 (0,05) yang berarti tidak ada hubungan antara dukungan sosial dengan kebahagiaan pada lansia di Panti Pelayanan Sosial Lanjut Usia Adi Yuswo Purworejo.
ДИСТАНЦИОННОЕ ОБУЧЕНИЕ В ПРАКТИКЕ ПРЕПОДАВАНИЯ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА В ТВОРЧЕСКОМ ВУЗЕ
Authors: Таирова  , Айткулова
Published: August 2024

В статье авторы рассказывают об истории становления обучения на расстоянии в Казахстане. Рассматривают различные виды (формы) дистанционного обучения и особенности его внедрения в разных странах и Казахстане. Авторы делятся опытом внедрения дистанционного обучения в своем вузе. В статье рассмотрены особенности методики преподавания русского языка в вузе искусства в условиях дистанционного обучения. Авторы приводят примеры реализации дистанционных образовательных технологий на примере самостоятельной работы обучающихся, задания для предтекстовой, притекстовой и послетекстовой работы на уроках русского языка в условиях кредитной технологии обучения. Авторы приходят к выводу, что дистанционные образовательные технологии не должны исключать непосредственного контакта студента с преподавателем. Они являются только одним из способов ведения образовательной деятельности в вузе. Наиболее эффективным в процессе обучения языкам в вузе будет интеграция дистанционной образовательной технологии с очной формой обучения.
ТҮРКІСТАН ӨЛКЕСІНДЕГІ ҚАЗАҚ ЗИЯЛЫЛАРЫНЫҢ МӘДЕНИ МҰРАСЫ
Authors: Тұрсұн  , Хакан  , Батырбекқызы
Published: August 2024

Мақала Түркістан өлкесіндегі қазақ зиялыларының соңына қалдырған мәдени мұрасын жинақтау және жүйелеуге арналған. Түркістандық зиялылылардың ұлттық баспасөзді қалыптастырудағы қызметі, дәстүрлі білім беру жүйесін модернизациялаудағы және тарихи-мәдени мұраларды сақтау мен жаңғыр-тудағы қызметі деректік негізде талданады. «Түркістан уәлаятының газетасы» мен «Ақ жол» газетіне дейінгі ұлттық басылымдар қызметіне ұлттық идея қалыптастырушы фактор ретінде баға беріледі. Ұлт зиялылары өкілдері М.Сұлтанқожаұлы, С.Лапин, Қ.Қожықов, К.Төгісов, М.Шоқай, Н.Төреқұлов, С.Қожанов, М.Дулатов және т.б зиялылардың Түркістан өлкесіндегі мәдени қызметінде қалыптастырған шығармалары талданады. С.Лапиннің шығыстану мен түркология саласындағы еңбектері, Қ.Қожықовтың жәдиттік үлгідегі әліппесі, өзге авторлардың түрлі жанрлардағы шығармалары өлкедегі мәдени өмірді жаңғыртуда елеулі рөл атқарды. Мақалада түркістандық зиялылардың мәдени мұрасының ұлт руханиаты-на қосқан үлесі туралы бірқатар тұжырымдар жасалған. ХХ ғасыр басындағы қазақ интеллигенциясының ғылыми зерттеудегі қызметтерін ғылыми негізде талдап, әлі де зерттелмеген жақтарын ашып көрсету қажет деп есептейміз. Қазақ зиялылары арқасында Түркістан өлкесі ғылымының дамуында ерекше рөл атқарған тұлғалардың еңбегі бағалануы тиіс.Мақалада Түркістан өлкесінде қызмет жасаған зиялылардың зерттеулерін басшылыққа алып, жаңа көзқарас жағынан қарастырылды.
САЯСИ ҚУҒЫН-СҮРГІННІҢ ҚҰРБАНЫ БОЛҒАН ҚАРАТАСТЫҚ ИШАНДАР
Authors: ОтарбаевА  , Камалдинов
Published: August 2024

Мақалада Кеңестік Қазақстандағы саяси репрессия кезінде жазықсыз қуғындалған Қаратастықишандар тартқан тауқымет Шымкент қаласы полиция департаментінің арнайы мемлекеттік архивінің құжаттарыжәне тергеу материалдары, т.б. өңірлік мұрағат материалдары негізінде зерттеп-зерделенеді. Сонымен қатар, кеңестік жүйенің дінге, ишан-молдаларға қарсы репрессиялық саясаты, Оңтүстік өңіріндегі жаппай жазаланған дін өкілдерінің талайлы тағдыры да тарқата талданады. Сондай-ақ, молда-ишандарға қарсы қозғалған жасанды қылмыстық істің ақ-қарасын айыруға біршама талпыныс жасалады. Оңтүстікте сүргін көрген молда-ишандардың да тізім-тізбесі беріліп, зерттеуші аталған тақырыпқа жаңаша тарихи көзқарас қалыптастыруға ұмтылады. Одан бөлек, мақалада сол кезеңдегі «Ақ жол» газетінде жарық көрген дінге қарсы мақалаларға да тиісінше талдау жасап, молда-ишандарұрпақтарының естеліктерін де өз зерттеуіне өзек етеді. Анықталған ретроспективті құжаттар кешені жеке хаттармен, өз қолымен жазылған өмірбаяндармен және т.б. ұсынылған. Табылған хаттардың көпшілігі қолжазбалық түпнұсқа мәртебесіне ие, латын және қазақ тілдеріндегі хаттардың аудармасын қоспағанда, олар машинамен басылған куәландырылған көшірме түрінде ұсынылады. Мақаланың материалдары жаппай қуғын-сүргін құрбандарының түрлі санаттарына қатысты құқықтық және саяси негіздерді, сондай-ақ репрессиялық саясаттыңнақты тетіктерін зерделеуге мүмкіндік береді.
1987-1988 жж. ҚАЗАҚСТАНДА ӨМІР СҮРЕТІН ЭТНИКАЛЫҚ ТОПТАРДЫҢ САЯСИ-ҚОҒАМДЫҚ ЖАҒДАЙЫ
Authors: Бекбаева  , Асанова  , Адилова
Published: August 2024

Мақалада 1987-1988 жылдары Қазақстанда өмір сүретін этникалық топтардың саяси-қоғамдық жағдайы, білім алуы және мәдени дамуы қарастырылған. Аталған уақытта еліміздің этникалыққұрамы жағынан көпұлтты болуы және бұл этникалық топтардың мәдени дамуының тұтастығын тәуелсіз Қазақстан біріктіруші болып табылады. Қазақстанда 1987-1988 жж. өмір сүрген этникалық топтардың саяси-қоғамдық жағдайын зерттеу, бүгінгі тәуелсіз Қазақстанның этносаяси және этномәдени тарихын зерттеуге мүмкіндік береді. Қазақстандаөмір сүретін этникалық топтардың саяси-қоғамдық жағдайы үнемі зерттеуді талап етіп отыратын мәселелердің бірі. Өйткенікөптеген этностар қазақ жеріне саяси қысым, мәжбүрлеу, қуғындау саясаты нәтижесінде қоныстанған. Сол себепті, авторлар мақалада Қазақстанда өмір сүріп жатқан этникалық топтардың саяси-қоғамдық жағдайы туралы дұрыс ғылыми көзқарас қалыптастыру маңызды екендігін алға тартады. Бүгінгі таңда елімізде Кеңестік дәуірден кейін этносаралық тұрақтылықты сақтау мемлекеттің ішкі саясатының маңызды басым бағыттарының бірі болып саналады. Мақалада Қазақстанда өмір сүретін этникалық топтардың саяси-қоғамдық жағдайын қарастыру үшін жекелеген авторлардың еңбектері мен мұрағат құжаттарығылыми айналымға тартылды.
1920-ШЫ ЖЫЛДАРДАҒЫ СЕМЕЙ ӨҢІРІНДЕГІ МЕКТЕПТІК БІЛІМ БЕРУ ЖҮЙЕСІНІҢ ТАРИХЫ: ЖЕТІСТІКТЕР МЕН ҚАЙШЫЛЫҚТАР
Authors: Мухаметкалиева  , Атантаева  , Абенова
Published: August 2024

Мақалада 1920 жылдардағы Семей өңіріндегі кеңестік мектептің қалыптасуы мен даму тарихы қарастырылады. Мақаланыңмақсаты -кеңес үкіметінің алғашқы он жылындағы Семей өңіріндегі мектеп ісінің тарихын зерттеу болып табылады. Қазақстан Республикасының Орталық архивінде және Абай облысының мемлекеттік мұрағатында сақталған материалдардың негізінде Кеңес мемлекетінің қалыптасуының алғашқы кезеңінде өңірдегі мектеп ісін ұйымдастыру мәселелері зерделенді.Мұрағаттық деректерді талдай отырып, халықтық білім берудің қалыптасуының сандық және сапалық көрсеткіштері және өңірдегі мектептер желісінің дамуы талданды. Мақалада қарастырылып отырған уақыт шеңберінде мектеп жасындағы балалардың мектеппен қамтылу пайызы анықталып, мектептер саны мен оқушылар контигентінің өсу-кему динамикасы көрсетілді. Орыс және қазақ мектептерінің даму мысалында мектептегі білім беру жағдайын талдау бойынша жетістіктері мен қайшылықтары анықталды: бірінші және екінші басқыштағы мектептің негізгі сипаттамалары, рөлі мен орны. Өңірде пайда болған жоғары үлгідегі мектептердің маңыздылығы аталып өтілді: жеті жылдық мектеп, шаруа-жастар мектебі (ШЖМ), фабрика-зауыт оқуының мектептері (ФЗО), мектеп-коммуналар. Педагогикалық кадрларды қалыптастырудағы Қазақ педагогикалық техникумының рөлі көрсетілді. Мақалада мемлекеттік халыққа білім беру органдарының мектеп ісін қалыптастыру саласындағы қызметі талданды. Білім беру органдарының мектептерді қаржыландыру статистикасы өңірдегі мектептер желісінің даму тенденциялары келтірілген динамикада көрсетілді.
1916 ж. ТОРҒАЙ КӨТЕРІЛІСІ. ӘБДІҒАПАР ЖАНБОСЫНҰЛЫНЫҢ ХАНДЫҚ БИЛІК ИНСТИТУТЫН ЖАҢҒЫРТУ ӘРЕКЕТІ
Authors: Қойгелдиев  , Қойгелдиев  , Мырзатаева
Published: August 2024

1916 жылғы көтеріліс барысында торғайлық көтерілісшілер ұзын қыпшақ Тілеулі батыр Әбдірах-манұлыныңұрпағы Әбдіғапар Жанбосынұлын хан сайлайды. Советтік тарихнама идеологиялық ұстаным-ға бейімделіп, бұл тарихи фактіге саналы түрде көз жұма қарап, Әбдіғапар Жанбосынұлын «Алашорда ханы» атады. Мақала авторлары жаңадан ашылған тарихи материалдарға сүйеніп, соңғы уақытқа дейін тарих ғылымында орын алып келген бұл жаңсақ ұстанымды жаңа көзқарас тұрғысынан талдауға алады. Мәселе Ә.Жанбосынұлының қызметіне партиялық-таптық көзқарас тұрғысынан баға берумен аяқталған жоқ-тын. Саяси қудалауға ханның өзімен бірге ұрпақтары және әулеті де ұшырады. Тарихи әділеттілік бұл күрделі мәселені мүмкін болғанша егжей-тегжейлі зерттеуді талап етеді. Мақалада, Ә. Жанбосынұлының Торғай көтерілісіндегі лидерлік қызметі жөнінде (ғылыми жинақтар, мақалалар, естеліктер негізімен) тарихнамалық талдау жасалынады. Аталған мәселе еліміздің тәуелсіздігі жылдарында ғана ашық айтыла бастады. Соған сәйкес, 1916 ж. Торғай облысында жүріп өткен ұлт-азаттық көтеріліске жаңа теориялық және методологиялық құралдармен бағасын берілді, яғни, Торғай-дағы көтерілістің ерекшелігі ретінде, оның бұқаралық сипат алған, ең ұзаққа созылған, табанды және бір орталыққа бағынған ұйымдасқан түрде жүргізілгендігі атап көрсетілді.