bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hypoxia Triggers TAZ Phosphorylation in Basal A Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Liu Qiuyu , Stel Wanda van der , Noord Vera E. van der , Leegwater Hanneke , Coban Bircan , Elbertse Kim , Pruijs Joannes T. M. , Béquignon Olivier J. M. , Westen Gerard van , Dévédec Sylvia E. Le , Danen Erik H. J.
Published: September 2022

Hypoxia and HIF signaling drive cancer progression and therapy resistance and have been demonstrated in breast cancer. To what extent breast cancer subtypes differ in their response to hypoxia has not been resolved. Here, we show that hypoxia similarly triggers HIF1 stabilization in luminal and basal A triple negative breast cancer cells and we use high throughput targeted RNA sequencing to analyze its effects on gene expression in these subtypes. We focus on regulation of YAP/TAZ/TEAD targets and find overlapping as well as distinct target genes being modulated in luminal and basal A cells under hypoxia. We reveal a HIF1 mediated, basal A specific response to hypoxia by which TAZ, but not YAP, is phosphorylated at Ser89. While total YAP/TAZ localization is not affected by hypoxia, hypoxia drives a shift of [p-TAZ(Ser89)/p-YAP(Ser127)] from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in basal A but not luminal breast cancer cells. Cell fractionation and YAP knock-out experiments confirm cytoplasmic sequestration of TAZ(Ser89) in hypoxic basal A cells. Pharmacological and genetic interference experiments identify c-Src and CDK3 as kinases involved in such phosphorylation of TAZ at Ser89 in hypoxic basal A cells. Hypoxia attenuates growth of basal A cells and the effect of verteporfin, a disruptor of YAP/TAZ-TEAD–mediated transcription, is diminished under those conditions, while expression of a TAZ-S89A mutant does not confer basal A cells with a growth advantage under hypoxic conditions, indicating that other hypoxia regulated pathways suppressing cell growth are dominant.
Integrated Analysis of Transcriptome and Metabolome Reveals Distinct Responses of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco against Aeromonas veronii Infection at Invaded and Recovering Stage
Authors: Ning Xianhui , Peng Ye , Tang Peng , Zhang Yiran , Wang Lingling , Zhang Wenwen , Zhang Kai , Ji Jie , Yin Shaowu
Published: September 2022

Yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) is an important aquaculture fish susceptible to Aeromonas veronii infection, which causes acute death resulting in huge economic losses. Understanding the molecular processes of host immune defense is indispensable to disease control. Here, we conducted the integrated and comparative analyses of the transcriptome and metabolome of yellow catfish in response to A. veronii infection at the invaded stage and recovering stage. The crosstalk between A. veronii-induced genes and metabolites uncovered the key biomarkers and pathways that strongest contribute to different response strategies used by yellow catfish at corresponding defense stages. We found that at the A. veronii invading stage, the immune defense was strengthened by synthesizing lipids with energy consumption to repair the skin defense line and accumulate lipid droplets promoting intracellular defense line; triggering an inflammatory response by elevating cytokine IL-6, IL-10 and IL-1β following PAMP-elicited mitochondrial signaling, which was enhanced by ROS produced by impaired mitochondria; and activating apoptosis by up-regulating caspase 3, 7 and 8 and Prostaglandin F1α, meanwhile down-regulating FoxO3 and BCL6. Apoptosis was further potentiated via oxidative stress caused by mitochondrial dysfunction and exceeding inflammatory response. Additionally, cell cycle arrest was observed. At the fish recovering stage, survival strategies including sugar catabolism with D-mannose decreasing; energy generation through the TCA cycle and Oxidative phosphorylation pathways; antioxidant protection by enhancing Glutathione (oxidized), Anserine, and α-ketoglutarate; cell proliferation by inducing Cyclin G2 and CDKN1B; and autophagy initiated by FoxO3, ATG8 and ATP6V1A were highlighted. This study provides a comprehensive picture of yellow catfish coping with A. veronii infection, which adds new insights for deciphering molecular mechanisms underlying fish immunity and developing stage-specific disease control techniques in aquaculture.
Mechanisms Underlying Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Cancer Properties of Stretching—A Review
Authors: Król Małgorzata , Kupnicka Patrycja , Bosiacki Mateusz , Chlubek Dariusz
Published: September 2022

Stretching is one of the popular elements in physiotherapy and rehabilitation. When correctly guided, it can help minimize or slow down the disabling effects of chronic health conditions. Most likely, the benefits are associated with reducing inflammation; recent studies demonstrate that this effect from stretching is not just systemic but also local. In this review, we present the current body of knowledge on the anti-inflammatory properties of stretching at a molecular level. A total of 22 papers, focusing on anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties of stretching, have been selected and reviewed. We show the regulation of oxidative stress, the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory genes and mediators, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix, expressed by changes in collagen and matrix metalloproteinases levels, in tissues subjected to stretching. We point out that a better understanding of the anti-inflammatory properties of stretching may result in increasing its importance in treatment and recovery from diseases such as osteoarthritis, systemic sclerosis, and cancer.
Anti-Inflammatory Activity of CIGB-258 against Acute Toxicity of Carboxymethyllysine in Paralyzed Zebrafish via Enhancement of High-Density Lipoproteins Stability and Functionality
Authors: Cho Kyung-Hyun , Kim Ji-Eun , Nam Hyo-Seon , Kang Dae-Jin , Na Hye-Jee
Published: September 2022

Background: Hyperinflammation is frequently associated with the chronic pain of autoimmune disease and the acute death of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) via a severe cytokine cascade. CIGB-258 (Jusvinza®), an altered peptide ligand with 3 kDa from heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), inhibits the systemic inflammation and cytokine storm, but the precise mechanism is still unknown. Objective: The protective effect of CIGB-258 against inflammatory stress of N-ε-carboxymethyllysine (CML) was tested to provide mechanistic insight. Methods: CIGB-258 was treated to high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and injected into zebrafish and its embryo to test a putative anti-inflammatory activity under presence of CML. Results: Treatment of CML (final 200 μM) caused remarkable glycation of HDL with severe aggregation of HDL particles to produce dysfunctional HDL, which is associated with a decrease in apolipoprotein A-I stability and lowered paraoxonase activity. Degradation of HDL3 by ferrous ions was attenuated by a co-treatment with CIGB-258 with a red-shift of the Trp fluorescence in HDL. A microinjection of CML (500 ng) into zebrafish embryos resulted in the highest embryo death rate, only 18% of survivability with developmental defects. However, co-injection of CIGB-258 (final 1 ng) caused the remarkable elevation of survivability around 58%, as well as normal developmental speed. An intraperitoneal injection of CML (final 250 μg) into adult zebrafish resulted acute paralysis, sudden death, and laying down on the bottom of the cage with no swimming ability via neurotoxicity and inflammation. However, a co-injection of CIGB-258 (1 μg) resulted in faster recovery of the swimming ability and higher survivability than CML alone injection. The CML alone group showed 49% survivability, while the CIGB-258 group showed 97% survivability (p < 0.001) with a remarkable decrease in hepatic inflammation up to 50%. A comparison of efficacy with CIGB-258, Infliximab (Remsima®), and Tocilizumab (Actemra®) showed that the CIGB-258 group exhibited faster recovery and swimming ability with higher survivability than those of the Infliximab group. The CIGB-258 group and Tocilizumab group showed the highest survivability, the lowest plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride level, and the infiltration of inflammatory cells, such as neutrophils in hepatic tissue. Conclusion: CIGB-258 ameliorated the acute neurotoxicity, paralysis, hyperinflammation, and death induced by CML, resulting in higher survivability in zebrafish and its embryos by enhancing the HDL structure and functionality.
The Regulation of Xylem Development by Transcription Factors and Their Upstream MicroRNAs
Authors: Sun Pengfang , Wang Huilin , Zhao Pan , Yu Qiulin , He Yumei , Deng Wenhong , Guo Huihong
Published: September 2022

Xylem, as a unique organizational structure of vascular plants, bears water transport and supports functions necessary for plant survival. Notably, secondary xylem in the stem (i.e., wood) also has important economic and ecological value. In view of this, the regulation of xylem development has been widely concerned. In recent years, studies on model plants Arabidopsis and poplar have shown that transcription factors play important regulatory roles in various processes of xylem development, including the directional differentiation of procambium and cambium into xylem, xylem arrangement patterns, secondary cell wall formation and programmed cell death. This review focuses on the regulatory roles of widely and thoroughly studied HD-ZIP, MYB and NAC transcription factor gene families in xylem development, and it also pays attention to the regulation of their upstream microRNAs. In addition, the existing questions in the research and future research directions are prospected.
Factors and Pathways Modulating Endothelial Cell Senescence in Vascular Aging
Authors: Hwang Hyun Jung , Kim Nayeon , Herman Allison B. , Gorospe Myriam , Lee Jae-Seon
Published: September 2022

Aging causes a progressive decline in the structure and function of organs. With advancing age, an accumulation of senescent endothelial cells (ECs) contributes to the risk of developing vascular dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and neurodegeneration. Senescent ECs undergo phenotypic changes that alter the pattern of expressed proteins, as well as their morphologies and functions, and have been linked to vascular impairments, such as aortic stiffness, enhanced inflammation, and dysregulated vascular tone. Numerous molecules and pathways, including sirtuins, Klotho, RAAS, IGFBP, NRF2, and mTOR, have been implicated in promoting EC senescence. This review summarizes the molecular players and signaling pathways driving EC senescence and identifies targets with possible therapeutic value in age-related vascular diseases.
Transcriptome-Wide Detection of Intron/Exon Definition in the Endogenous Pre-mRNA Transcripts of Mammalian Cells and Its Regulation by Depolarization
Authors: Liu Ling , Das Urmi , Ogunsola Samuel , Xie Jiuyong
Published: September 2022

Pairing of splice sites across an intron or exon is the central point of intron or exon definition in pre-mRNA splicing with the latter mode proposed for most mammalian exons. However, transcriptome-wide pairing within endogenous transcripts has not been examined for the prevalence of each mode in mammalian cells. Here we report such pairings in rat GH3 pituitary cells by measuring the relative abundance of nuclear RNA-Seq reads at the intron start or end (RISE). Interestingly, RISE indexes are positively correlated between 5′ and 3′ splice sites specifically across introns or exons but inversely correlated with the usage of adjacent exons. Moreover, the ratios between the paired indexes were globally modulated by depolarization, which was disruptible by 5-aza-Cytidine. The nucleotide matrices of the RISE-positive splice sites deviate significantly from the rat consensus, and short introns or exons are enriched with the cross-intron or -exon RISE pairs, respectively. Functionally, the RISE-positive genes cluster for basic cellular processes including RNA binding/splicing, or more specifically, hormone production if regulated by depolarization. Together, the RISE analysis identified the transcriptome-wide regulation of either intron or exon definition between weak splice sites of short introns/exons in mammalian cells. The analysis also provides a way to further track the splicing intermediates and intron/exon definition during the dynamic regulation of alternative splicing by extracellular factors.
The Role of Aquaporins in Plant Growth under Conditions of Oxygen Deficiency
Authors: Kudoyarova Guzel , Veselov Dmitriy , Yemelyanov Vladislav , Shishova Maria
Published: September 2022

Plants frequently experience hypoxia due to flooding caused by intensive rainfall or irrigation, when they are partially or completely submerged under a layer of water. In the latter case, some resistant plants implement a hypoxia avoidance strategy by accelerating shoot elongation, which allows lifting their leaves above the water surface. This strategy is achieved due to increased water uptake by shoot cells through water channels (aquaporins, AQPs). It remains a puzzle how an increased flow of water through aquaporins into the cells of submerged shoots can be achieved, while it is well known that hypoxia inhibits the activity of aquaporins. In this review, we summarize the literature data on the mechanisms that are likely to compensate for the decline in aquaporin activity under hypoxic conditions, providing increased water entry into cells and accelerated shoot elongation. These mechanisms include changes in the expression of genes encoding aquaporins, as well as processes that occur at the post-transcriptional level. We also discuss the involvement of hormones, whose concentration changes in submerged plants, in the control of aquaporin activity.
Nanoparticle Emulsions Enhance the Inhibition of NLRP3
Authors: Cao Minjie , Cai Luyun
Published: September 2022

Antibacterial delivery emulsions are potential materials for treating bacterial infections. Few studies have focused on the role and mechanism of emulsions in inflammation relief. Therefore, based on our previous analysis, in which the novel and natural Pickering emulsions stabilized by antimicrobial peptide nanoparticles were prepared, the regulation effect of emulsion on inflammasome was explored in silico, in vitro and in vivo. Firstly, the interactions between inflammasome components and parasin I or Pickering emulsion were predicted by molecular docking. Then, the inflammasome stimulation by different doses of the emulsion was tested in RAW 264.7 and THP-1 cells. Finally, in Kunming mice with peritonitis, NLRP3 and IL-1β expression in the peritoneum were evaluated. The results showed that the Pickering emulsion could combine with ALK, casp-1, NEK7, or NLRP3 to affect the assembly of the NLRP3 and further relieve inflammation. LPNE showed a dose–dependent inhibition effect on the release of IL-1β and casp-1. With the concentration of parasin I increased from 1.5 mg/mL to 3 mg/mL, the LDH activity decreased in the chitosan peptide-embedded nanoparticles emulsion (CPENE) and lipid/peptide nanoparticles emulsion (LPNE) groups. However, from 1.5 to 6 mg/mL, LPNE had a dose–dependent effect on the release of casp-1. The CPENE and parasin I-conjugated chitosan nanoparticles emulsion (PCNE) may decrease the release of potassium and chloride ions. Therefore, it can be concluded that the LPNE may inhibit the activation of the inflammasome by decreasing LDH activity, potassium and chloride ions through binding with compositions of NLRP3.
Genome-Wide Characterization of PIN Auxin Efflux Carrier Gene Family in Mikania micrantha
Authors: Chen Lihua , Cai Minling , Chen Minghao , Ke Weiqian , Pan Yanru , Huang Jundong , Zhang Junjie , Peng Changlian
Published: September 2022

Mikania micrantha, recognized as one of the world’s top 10 pernicious weeds, is a rapidly spreading tropical vine that has invaded the coastal areas of South China, causing serious economic losses and environmental damage. Rapid stem growth is an important feature of M. micrantha which may be related to its greater number of genes involved in auxin signaling and transport pathways and its ability to synthesize more auxin under adverse conditions to promote or maintain stem growth. Plant growth and development is closely connected to the regulation of endogenous hormones, especially the polar transport and asymmetric distribution of auxin. The PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin efflux carrier gene family plays a key role in the polar transport of auxin and then regulates the growth of different plant tissues, which could indicate that the rapid growth of M. micrantha is closely related to this PIN-dependent auxin regulation. In this study, 11 PIN genes were identified and the phylogenetic relationship and structural compositions of the gene family in M. micrantha were analyzed by employing multiple bioinformatic methods. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that the PIN proteins could be divided into five distinct clades. The structural analysis revealed that three putative types of PIN (canonical, noncanonical and semi-canonical) exist among the proteins according to the length and the composition of the hydrophilic domain. The majority of the PINs were involved in the process of axillary bud differentiation and stem response under abiotic stress, indicating that M. micrantha may regulate its growth, development and stress response by regulating PIN expression in the axillary bud and stem, which may help explain its strong growth ability and environmental adaptability. Our study emphasized the structural features and stress response patterns of the PIN gene family and provided useful insights for further study into the molecular mechanism of auxin-regulated growth and control in M. micrantha.
Antenatal Glucocorticoid Administration Promotes Cardiac Structure and Energy Metabolism Maturation in Preterm Fetuses
Authors: Sakurai Kenzo , Takeba Yuko , Osada Yosuke , Mizuno Masanori , Tsuzuki Yoshimitsu , Aso Kentaro , Kida Keisuke , Ohta Yuki , Ootaki Masanori , Iiri Taroh , Hokuto Isamu , Shimizu Naoki , Matsumoto Naoki
Published: September 2022

Although the rate of preterm birth has increased in recent decades, a number of preterm infants have escaped death due to improvements in perinatal and neonatal care. Antenatal glucocorticoid (GC) therapy has significantly contributed to progression in lung maturation; however, its potential effects on other organs remain controversial. Furthermore, the effects of antenatal GC therapy on the fetal heart show both pros and cons. Translational research in animal models indicates that constant fetal exposure to antenatal GC administration is sufficient for lung maturation. We have established a premature fetal rat model to investigate immature cardiopulmonary functions in the lungs and heart, including the effects of antenatal GC administration. In this review, we explain the mechanisms of antenatal GC actions on the heart in the fetus compared to those in the neonate. Antenatal GCs may contribute to premature heart maturation by accelerating cardiomyocyte proliferation, angiogenesis, energy production, and sarcoplasmic reticulum function. Additionally, this review specifically focuses on fetal heart growth with antenatal GC administration in experimental animal models. Moreover, knowledge regarding antenatal GC administration in experimental animal models can be coupled with that from developmental biology, with the potential for the generation of functional cells and tissues that could be used for regenerative medical purposes in the future.
Targeting Persistent Neuroinflammation after Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy—Is Exendin-4 the Answer?
Authors: Zhou Kelly Q. , Dhillon Simerdeep K. , Bennet Laura , Gunn Alistair J. , Davidson Joanne O.
Published: September 2022

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is brain injury resulting from the loss of oxygen and blood supply around the time of birth. It is associated with a high risk of death or disability. The only approved treatment is therapeutic hypothermia. Therapeutic hypothermia has consistently been shown to significantly reduce the risk of death and disability in infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. However, approximately 29% of infants treated with therapeutic hypothermia still develop disability. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have shown that there is still persistent neuroinflammation even after treating with therapeutic hypothermia, which may contribute to the deficits seen in infants despite treatment. This suggests that potentially targeting this persistent neuroinflammation would have an additive benefit in addition to therapeutic hypothermia. A potential additive treatment is Exendin-4, which is a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist. Preclinical data from various in vitro and in vivo disease models have shown that Exendin-4 has anti-inflammatory, mitochondrial protective, anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative and neurotrophic effects. Although preclinical studies of the effect of Exendin-4 in perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury are limited, a seminal study in neonatal mice showed that Exendin-4 had promising neuroprotective effects. Further studies on Exendin-4 neuroprotection for perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, including in large animal translational models are warranted to better understand its safety, window of opportunity and effectiveness as an adjunct with therapeutic hypothermia.
HTRA1 Regulates Subclinical Inflammation and Activates Proangiogenic Response in the Retina and Choroid
Authors: Ahamed Waseem , Yu Richard Ming Chuan , Pan Yang , Iwata Takeshi , Barathi Veluchamy Amutha , Wey Yeo Sia , Tun Sai Bo Bo , Qiu Beiying , Tan Alison , Wang Xiaomeng , Cheung Chui Ming Gemmy , Wong Tien Yin , Yanagi Yasuo
Published: September 2022

High-temperature requirement A1 (HtrA1) has been identified as a disease-susceptibility gene for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) including polypoidal choroidal neovasculopathy (PCV). We characterized the underlying phenotypic changes of transgenic (Tg) mice expressing ubiquitous CAG promoter (CAG-HtrA1 Tg). In vivo imaging modalities and histopathology were performed to investigate the possible neovascularization, drusen formation, and infiltration of macrophages. Subretinal white material deposition and scattered white-yellowish retinal foci were detected on CFP [(Tg—33% (20/60) and wild-type (WT)—7% (1/15), p < 0.05]. In 40% (4/10) of the CAG-HtrA1 Tg retina, ICGA showed punctate hyperfluorescent spots. There was no leakage on FFA and OCTA failed to confirm vascular flow signals from the subretinal materials. Increased macrophages and RPE cell migrations were noted from histopathological sections. Monocyte subpopulations were increased in peripheral blood in the CAG-HtrA1 Tg mice (p < 0.05). Laser induced CNV in the CAG-HtrA1 Tg mice and showed increased leakage from CNV compared to WT mice (p < 0.05). Finally, choroidal explants of the old CAG-HtrA1 Tg mice demonstrated an increased area of sprouting (p < 0.05). Signs of subclinical inflammation was observed in CAG-HtrA1 Tg mice. Such subclinical inflammation may have resulted in increased RPE cell activation and angiogenic potential.
PKR Protects the Major Catalytic Subunit of PKA Cpk1 from FgBlm10-Mediated Proteasome Degradation in Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Gong Chen , Xu Daiying , Sun Daiyuan , Zhang Xue
Published: September 2022

For optimal proteolytic function, the proteasome core (CP or 20S) must associate with activators. The cAMP-PKA pathway is reported to affect the activity of the proteasome in humans. However, the relationship between the proteasome and PKA is not well characterized. Our results showed that the major catalytic subunit Cpk1 was degraded without the protection of Pkr. Eleven (out of 67) pkr suppressors had FgBlm10 C-terminal truncation, one suppressor had an amino acid change mutation in the PRE6 ortholog (FGRRES_07282), and one in the PRE5 ortholog (FGRRES_05222). These mutations rescued the defects in growth and conidial morphology, Cpk1 stability, and PKA activities in the pkr mutant. The interaction of FgBlm10 with FgPre5 and FgPre6 were detected by co-immunoprecipitation, and the essential elements for their interaction were characterized, including the FgBlm10 C-terminus, amino acid D82 of FgPre6 and K62 of FgPre5. Additional FgBlm10-interacting proteins were identified in the wild type and pkr mutant, suggesting that PKA regulates the preference of FgBlm10-mediated proteasome assembly. In addition, PKA indirectly affected the phosphorylation of FgBlm10, and its localization in the nucleus. The truncation of the FgBlm10 C terminus also enhanced nuclear import and bleomycin resistance, suggesting its role in proteasome assembly at DNA damage sites. Collectively, our data demonstrated that regulation between PKA and proteasome degradation is critical for the vegetative growth of F. graminearum.
Significant Differences in the Reversal of Cellular Stress Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide and Corticosterone by the Application of Mirtazapine or L-Tryptophan
Authors: Correia Ana , Cardoso Armando , Vale Nuno
Published: September 2022

Depression is a prevalent and debilitating disease worldwide. This pathology is very complex and the lack of efficient therapeutic modalities, as well as the high rates of relapse, makes the study and treatment of depression a global healthcare challenge. Thus, an intense investigation of this disease is crucial and urgent. In this study, we focused on hydrogen peroxide and corticosterone-induced stress on SH-SY5Y and HT-22 cells. Additionally, we aimed to study the potential attenuation of these induced stress with the exposure of both cells to mirtazapine and L-tryptophan, focusing on cell viability assays (MTT and Neutral Red) and reactive oxygen species production assays (DCFDA fluorescence). Taken together, our results indicate that mirtazapine and L-tryptophan counteract the cellular stress induced by hydrogen peroxide but not by corticosterone, revealing a potential role of these agents on oxidative stress relief, highlighting the role of serotonergic pathways in the oxidative stress present in depressed individuals. This study allows the investigation of depression using cellular models, enabling the screening of compounds that may have potential to be used in the treatment of depression by acting on cellular mechanisms such as oxidative stress protection.
Fitness of the Papaya Mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), after Transferring from Solanum tuberosum to Carica papaya, Ipomoea batatas, and Alternanthera philoxeroides
Authors: Chuai Hui-Yu , Shi Meng-Zhu , Li Jian-Yu , Zheng Li-Zhen , Fu Jian-Wei
Published: September 2022

The papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is a polyphagous invasive pest in China. The effect that the shifting of the host plant has on the fitness of a polyphagous pest is critical to its prevalence and potential pest control. In order to assess the fitness changes of P. marginatus after transferal from potato (Solanum tuberosum (Tubiflorae: Solanaceae)) to papaya (Carica papaya (Parietales: Caricacea)), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (Tubiflorae: Convolvulaceae)), and alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides (Centrospermae: Amaranthaceae)), the life table data of three consecutive generations were collected and analyzed using the age-stage, two-sex life table method. The results showed that when P. marginatus was transferred from S. tuberosum to papaya, a higher intrinsic rate of increase (r) and finite rate of increase (λ) were observed. Paracoccus marginatus individuals transferred to I. batatas had the significantly lower population parameters than those on C. papaya; however, the fitness recovered for those on I. batatas after two generations. Paracoccus marginatus individuals were unable to complete development on A. philoxeroides. Our results conclusively demonstrate that P. marginatus individuals can readily adapt to C. papaya and I. batatas even after host plant shifting, and are capable of causing severe damage to these hosts.
Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky) on Cocoa Pods (Theobroma cacao L.): Matter of Bugs and Fungi
Authors: Thube Shivaji Hausrao , Pandian R. Thava Prakasa , Josephrajkumar Arulappan , Bhavishya Anthara , Nirmal Kumar B. J. , Firake Dnyaneshwar M. , Shah Vivek , Madhu T. N. , Ruzzier Enrico
Published: September 2022

Exudation of mucilage from pinhead-sized boreholes in cocoa pods was recorded in Karnataka, India, during 2021. Further investigations showed the association of scolytine beetles with infested pods. The identity of the pest, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, was confirmed through morphological characterization and sequencing of the mitochondrial COI gene. We studied the predisposing factors for its infestation, visible and concealed damaging symptoms, and fungal symbionts. In addition to its well-known symbiotic fungus, Ambrosiella roeperi, a new association of yeast, Ambrosiozyma monospora, was discovered. We also traced the possible role of the mirid bug, Helopeltis theivora, in host selection by X. crassiusculus. Overall results indicated that a ‘mirid bug-ambrosia beetle–pathogen complex’ is responsible for the severe damage to cocoa pods in South India.
El Sincretismo cultural de la cumbia andina peruana: un análisis histórico – musical.
Authors: Velazco Reyes Benjamin , García Arias Jonthan Fernando
Published: September 2022

La confluencia de varias culturas en un solo contexto, ha provocado que emerjan nuevas formas de expresión cultural, donde se acepten, compartan y disfruten sus bailes, música, comida, vestimenta, etc. Siendo un producto de este sincretismo cultural la Chicha o la llamada también la cumbia andina peruana, donde los actores son los migrantes o hijos de migrantes en su mayoría de la sierra y selva del Perú. El presente trabajo es abordado desde su desarrollo histórico con énfasis en lo social-musical y su análisis musical tomando en consideración la parte rítmica; rítmica-melódica, instrumentación e interpretación vocal. Para ello nos enmarcamos desde el enfoque metodológico cualitativo con un diseño fenomenológico descriptivo. Los resultados más relevantes a las que arribo la investigación es que la chicha tiene influencia del huayno del centro de Perú y la cumbia Colombia. Concluyendo que la cumbia andina peruana tiene la presencia de elementos musicales andinos en sus líneas melódicas, por medio de las escalas pentatónicas mayores y menores y que es producto del sincretismo cultural.
Turismo, camino hacia la sostenibilidad: una aproximación al Lago Titicaca Peruano
Authors: Aranibar Ramos Edgar Romario , Patiño Huayhua Antony Jonny
Published: September 2022

El turismo es un medio de generación de riqueza, oportunidades y crecimiento a través del contacto entre diferentes poblaciones y comunidades. Bajo ese panorama, se propone analizar la viabilidad de la actividad turística como derrotero de sostenibilidad en el lago Titicaca peruano. Para ello, se aplicó una metodología cuantitativa, descriptiva, no experimental, de donde se obtuvo 57 fuentes a través de la revisión literatura en fuentes académicas, principalmente, SCOPUS y fuentes estatales, las cuales permitieron un análisis bajo 6 temáticas resultantes de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible: económico, sanitario, educativo, de género, ambiental y social. Así, se percibió la importancia económica del turismo y la necesidad de implementar políticas turísticas adecuadas, los puntos fuertes para la salud mental y necesidad de abordar la educación sexual en las comunidades y turistas, la implicancia del estudiante internacional y universidades para la formación de conocimiento formal y la oportunidad de generación de habilidades blandas y duras del turismo, el rol de la equidad de género para la sostenibilidad y la participación de ambos géneros por su relación familiar y, el proceso social de revalorización cultural y necesidad de involucramiento en la toma de decisiones de los pobladores de las comunidades. Se recomienda, también continuar con la investigación en la temática en puntos relativos al pensamiento de los pobladores hacia el turismo y desarrollo, así como las relaciones entre el turista estudiante y las comunidades.
Posibilidades y limitaciones de implementación de un nuevo modelo pedagógico para la educación pública ecuatoriana
Authors: Herrera Pavo Miguel Ángel , Orellana Navarrete Verónica , Espinoza-Weaver Yadhira , Espinosa Rodríguez José Daniel
Published: September 2022

El Ministerio de Educación del Ecuador desarrolló durante el año 2020 un proyecto para la construcción colaborativa de un nuevo modelo pedagógico para la educación pública acorde con el marco normativo y los fundamentos teóricos del currículo ecuatoriano, inspirados en el socio-constructivismo y en la pedagogía crítica. En el marco de este proyecto, entre octubre de 2020 y enero de 2021, se llevó a cabo un proceso de investigación-acción con la participación de ocho instituciones educativas públicas, cinco ubicadas en zonas rurales y tres en zonas urbanas. La finalidad de este proceso fue explorar las posibilidades y limitaciones para la aplicación en la práctica cotidiana del aula de la propuesta de modelo pedagógico desarrollada. La intervención realizada en las ocho escuelas respondió a las cuatro fases de la espiral reflexiva y se desarrolló bajo un modelo de asesoría colaborativa. Los principales hallazgos muestran las fortalezas de las comunidades educativas para la innovación de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje en cuanto al diseño de la actividad conjunta, a la vez que revelan las carencias de los equipos docentes en cuestiones metodológicas, relacionadas con la planificación y la evaluación. Asimismo, se identificó la necesidad de un acompañamiento cercano bajo el modelo de asesoría colaborativa como aspecto esencial, esta asesoría es fundamental para promover procesos de práctica reflexiva y fortalecer la apropiación del modelo pedagógico construido y su aplicación por parte de los docentes.
Tunable sound packages consisting of granular aerogels and fibrous media
Authors: Xue Yutong , Sanchez-Torres Esmeralda , Sharma Bhisham , Bolton J. Stuart
Published: September 2022

In this study, two granular aerogel materials, both consisting of particles with sizes on the scale of 1 to 50 mm, were first investigated both theoretically and experimentally to improve our understanding of their acoustical behavior. Specifically, layers of the aerogels were evaluated
in terms of their sound absorption coefficients, and loss mechanisms in the frequency region below 2000 Hz were quantified for both aerogels by using a previously-developed modeling tool based on the Biot theory. Further studies were then conducted in order to optimize the acoustical performance
of potential sound packages featuring these aerogel particle stacks. For example, one of the aerogel materials was placed in series with a fibrous layer to take advantage of the low and high frequency sound absorption offered by the aerogel and the fibrous layers, respectively. The two types
of aerogels were also combined in parallel to show that absorption peaks of one of the materials could be used to compensate for the absorption “dips” of the other material. After experimentally validating the design concepts mentioned above, the aerogel granule stacks' properties
were tuned to realize a very low frequency and wideband sound absorption treatment when combined with the fibrous layer.
An improved parallel narrowband active noise control system with local on-line secondary-path modeling equipped with frequency estimation algorithm
Authors: Wang Han , Sun Hongling , Wu Ming , Guo Jianfeng
Published: September 2022

Active noise control technology shows good performance in those low-frequency narrowband noise control applications. Suffering from time-varying frequencies and secondary path, the performance of narrowband active noise control system may deteriorate seriously. In this work, an improved
narrowband active noise control system is proposed to improve the noise reduction performance in those time-varying system. In the improved system, a frequency tracker based on the adaptive notch filter is adopted to estimate the frequencies of the noise signal. The result of frequency estimation
is used to generate the reference signal and the prior information of the secondary-path modeling process. Then, the local secondary-path modeling can be conducted in the system with unknown fixed tonal noise signal or time-varying tones. Simulations and experiments are conducted to verify
the performance of the proposed algorithm, and the results show that the proposed algorithm has good behavior.
Unintended consequences of patient online access to health records: a qualitative study in UK primary care
Authors: Turner Andrew , Morris Rebecca , McDonagh Lorraine , Hamilton Fiona , Blake Sarah , Farr Michelle , Stevenson Fiona , Banks Jon , Atherton Helen , Rakhra Dylan , Lasseter Gemma , Feder Gene , Ziebland Sue , Hyde Emma , Powell John , Horwood Jeremy
Published: September 2022

Background

Health systems are seeking to harness digital tools to promote patient autonomy and increase the efficiency of care worldwide. The NHS Long Term Plan created the right for patients to access ‘digital first’ primary care by 2023–2024, including online patient access to full medical records.

Aim

To identify and understand the unintended consequences of online patient access to medical records.

Design and setting

Qualitative interview study in 10 general practices in South West and North West England.

Method

Semi-structured individual interviews with 13 patients and 16 general practice staff with experience of patient online access to health records.

Results

Online access generated unintended consequences that negatively impacted patients’ understanding of their health care, with patients finding surprising or difficult to interpret information. Online access impacted GPs’ documentation practices, such as when GPs pre-emptively attempted to minimise potential misunderstandings to aid patient understanding of their health care. In other cases, this negatively impacted the quality of the records and patient safety when GPs avoided documenting speculations or concerns. Contrary to assumptions that workload would be reduced, online access introduced extra work, such as managing and monitoring access, and taking measures to prevent possible harm to patients.

Conclusion

The unintended consequences described by both staff and patients show that, to achieve the intended consequences set out in NHS policy, additional work is necessary to prepare records for sharing and to prepare patients about what to expect. It is crucial that practices are adequately supported and resourced to manage the unintended consequences of online access, now that it is the default position. A table of potential unintended consequences and mitigation measures is provided to aid practice managers and clinicians implementing online access.
Help-seeking behaviour in women diagnosed with gynaecological cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Williams Pauline , Rebeiz Marie-Claire , Hojeij Leila , McCall Stephen J
Published: September 2022

Background

Identifying what prompts or hinders women’s help-seeking behaviour is essential to ensure timely diagnosis and management of gynaecological cancers.

Aim

To understand the factors that influence the help- seeking behaviour of women diagnosed with gynaecological cancer.

Design and setting

Systematic review and narrative synthesis of studies from high-income settings worldwide.

Method

Five databases were searched for studies, of any design, that presented factors related to the help-seeking behaviour of women diagnosed with a gynaecological cancer. Data from the articles were extracted and presented using narrative synthesis, which was both inductive and deductive. The COM-B (capability, opportunity, motivation, behaviour) model of behaviour change was used as a framework.

Results

In total, 21 studies were included in the review. Inductive synthesis presented three main themes of factors related to the help-seeking behaviour of women diagnosed with gynaecological cancer: patient factors, such as knowledge of symptoms; emotional factors, including previous healthcare experience, embarrassment, and trust; and practical factors, including time and resources. Deductive synthesis demonstrated that capability (namely, symptom knowledge), opportunity (having the required time and overcoming the cultural taboos surrounding gynaecological symptoms), and motivation (believing that seeking help is beneficial) are all required to initiate help-seeking behaviour.

Conclusion

Although it is a journey of defined steps, the help- seeking behaviour of women with symptoms diagnosed with gynaecological cancer is influenced by personal and societal factors. Interventions to improve help seeking will need to address the specific identified factors, as well as capability, opportunity, and motivation.
Solusi Al-Qur�an Terhadap Problematika Kerukunan Umat Beragama di Indonesia
Authors: Idris Muhammad Anwar
Published: September 2022

Indonesia, with all its wealth ranging from ethnicity, culture, and various religions, of course cannot be separated from a problem that results in prolonged conflict, the burning system of places of worship is a frequent occurrence, the understanding of eternal religious verses results in conflict, even though al-Quran forbids it. However, this cannot be avoided because in social terms, a conflict is born that is logged from a social interaction. This is where ta'aruf and ta'asub reason for the term conflict in the Koran with its various derivations, including qital and al-harb (war) al-khasm (hostile), ikhtilaf (disagreement) and tanazu '(contradiction). Then regarding the Qur'anic solutions given regarding conflicts between religious communities, at least the author describes three results, among others, tabayun, deliberation, mutual forgiveness (gracefulness), four guarantees of religious freedom.Keywords: Conflict, Social, Solution, Al-Qur'an
Ekonomi Islam untuk Keberlanjutan Umat Beragama (Studi Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Minat Anggota Non Muslim dalam Menyimpan di BMT Artha Sejahtera Bantul)
Authors: Sari Sartika , Faozy Mohamad
Published: September 2022

This research comprehensively examines how the Islamic economy is able to move the progress of religious communities, which in this case will be studied related to the factors that influence the interest of non-Muslim members in saving at KSPPS BMT Artha Sejahtera Srandakan Bantul Yogyakarta. The research method is field research with data collection through three stages, namely observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis uses the analysis from Miles and Huberman model, namely data presentation, data reduction, and drawing conclusions. The research results reveal that KSPPS BMT Artha Sejahtera Srandakan Bantul Yogyakarta is a non-governmental organization that was originally initiated by several groups of people who care about the fate of small and medium business actors. The factors that influence the interest of non-Muslim members in saving at BMT Artha Sejahtera Srandakan Bantul Yogyakarta from some respondents' perceptions consist of: location, service, profit sharing, company reputation, promotion, curiosity about the institution's sharia, close friends, and no administrative deductions. From the perception of the community, it is more dominant towards large profit sharing from the company. Therefore, the existence of BMT Artha Sejahtera is actually used as one of the pioneers of Islamic economics for the welfare of religious people at large.
Peran Badan Keswadayaan Masyarakat (BKM) Citra Dharma Mulya Sebagai Basis Ekonomi Maslahah di Desa Trimulyo Jetis Bantul
Authors: Wulandari Trisna , Solikhah Puji
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine the normative, ideal, and factual roles of BKM Citra Dharma Mulya as the maslahah economic base for problems in Trimulyo, Jetis, Bantul, Yogyakarta. This study is a qualitative field research with case study. The data collection techniques include primary data, namely observation, interviews, and documentation. While secondary data, namely the collection of books, articles, journals, documentation files, and library materials related to study. The study results showed that: (1) the ideal role of BKM in accordance with the guidelines for implementing PNPM Mandiri Urban, among others: mobilizing citizens in a participatory manner to formulate plans for poverty problems, generating various empowerment activities for the poor, and so on. (2) The normative role of BKM Citra Dharma Mulya as a maslahah economic base includes: work planning for BKM Citra Dharma Mulya, Secretarial Work Program, special program for BKM Citra Dharma Mulya, and UPK, UPL, and UPS Work Programs. (3) The factual roles of BKM Citra Dharma Mulya include: organizing the community in a participatory manner through decision-making councils, upholding noble values, fostering various empowerment activities, and supervising the BLM implementation process.
Integrasi Iman Serta Ilmu Pengetahuan Dalam Pendidikan Islam (Kajian Al-Qur'an Surat Al-Isra’ Ayat 36)
Authors: Nur Hikmah Isna Mutiara , Maryono Maryono
Published: September 2022

This thesis aims to: 1) Know how to integrate faith and science in Islamic education according to the Qur'an Surah Al Isra` verse 36, 2) Explore the relevance of Surah Al Isra` verse 36 on faith and science in Islamic education, 3). To explore the epistemological basis for the unity of faith and science is based on an examination of verse 36 of Surah Ali Isra of the Qur'an.               This thesis uses a qualitative research approach where the type of research is library research. Documentary data collection techniques. then the data sources are taken from the main data source and secondary data sources (books of interpretation of the Qur'an, references related to faith, science, Islamic education, theses, articles, journals and previous websites). The analytical technique used is content analysis and hermenetic analysis.The result of the study shows that verse 36 of the Qur'an Surah Al Isra provides that faith is a justification that is spoken verbally, proven by the heart and achieved by action, while science is an organ of knowledge and belief. 'Allah SWT experienced all of that. What is meant by Islamic education and education are all human efforts aimed at developing their potential to achieve human development and balance in general using the formation of human beings. because Allah SWT commands that every human word and deed must be based on knowledge. In the world of education, humans must use ethics and morality to seek knowledge. for verily Allah will exalt those who believe and are knowledgeable, both in the world and in the hereafter. Education must also pay attention to the principles of scientific development according to the guidance of the Qur'an to strengthen faith, enhance worship and nobility of character. Therefore, Islamic education is made into an integrated medium where the goal of Islamic education itself is to achieve human kamil (right people).
Marketing Innovation in the Digital Communication Era
Authors:   Departemen Ilmu Komunikasi, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Indonesia, Aroyssi Jihan Afifah Wahyu , Fathin Maulana Raihan , Priabas Yudis Ilmi
Published: September 2022

This research is motivated by the presence of E-Commerce which attracts customers by providing many discounts and providing easy access to customers. Both hardware (mobile phone use) and software (easy access to applications). The purpose of this research is to understand and identify technological developments in the digital era, especially in the field of digital transactions. Seeing the many marketplaces that are developing and enlivening the national and international markets. It also has an impact on marketing communications, which have now begun to switch to digital. The research method used is the study of literature from various journals and previous research. Also interviews from parties involved in every marketing communication activity in the digital era. Such as technology developers, traders, marketing agents and consumers. Meanwhile, the benefits that will be obtained are, being research material for technology developers in the digital era and easy access to marketing communications for micro and macro businesses.