bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis and Optimization of Delamination Factor for Microwaved Cured Pineapple Leaf Fiber Polymer Composite through ANOVA Analysis
Authors: Saha Manabendra , Singh Hari , Srivastava Vivek , Singh Manoj Kumar
Published: August 2024

Natural fiber-reinforced composites are quickly replacing other materials as the material of choice for various engineering applications because of their high specific strength, low weight, and affordability. Additionally, natural composites come in various forms and are environmentally benign. In particular, the composite needs to be drilled to put the pieces together. The entry and exit levels of the holes are prone to damage during the drilling process. In the present work, Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) was combined with pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) mat after first undergoing a chemical treatment in this investigation. Microwave curing was applied for fabricating the natural fiber composite with the three specified process parameters i.e., microwave power, % of NaOH solution, and weight percentage of treated fiber. After fabrication, the composite delamination factor and modified delamination factor were determined for evaluating the crack propagation after the drilling operation. At constant speed, the feed and diameter of the drill were used for making the drill in different samples. A CNC drilling machine was used to drill the constructed structure at various input parameters. Using the Taguchi approach, the entire work was analyzed. A tensile test was conducted to estimate the strength of the samples with specific parameters. The tensile strength increases up to 24.34 MPa. ANOVA analysis was used to find the best combination and affecting factors. It was observed that the weight percentage of the treated fiber mat has a maximum contribution percentage of 61 % for the processing of natural fiber polymer composite.
DUNET D UNET Dilated UNET for Brain Tumor Sub Region Segmentation using MRI Images
Authors: Kujur Anima , Raza Zahid
Published: August 2024

The precise diagnosis and treatment planning of brain tumors significantly rely on the accurate segmentation of sub-regions from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data. In this research, we propose a framework, D-UNET (Dilated-UNET), which enhances the traditional UNET architecture by incorporating dilated convolutions. UNET is the deep CNN architecture widely adopted for biomedical image segmentation tasks. D-UNET is specifically designed for brain tumor sub-region segmentation from multi-modal (T1, T2, T1ce, Flair) MRI images in nifti file format, each comprising 155 slices. The framework comprises of four distinct steps viz. data collection, data preprocessing, model training, and outcome evaluation. D-UNET employs two key modules during training, the dilated encoding module and the dilated decoding module. These modules enable the model to efficiently capture multi-scale contextual information, facilitating better representation learning for complex and varied tumor sub[1]regions. We evaluated the performance of D-UNET using Intersection over Union and Dice Coefficient metrics. The experimental results demonstrate that D-UNET outperforms the traditional UNET and other benchmark models in terms of segmentation accuracy. Notably, D-UNET excels in capturing finer details and intricate shapes of tumor sub-regions, contributing to its superiority in brain tumor segmentation. The ability to precisely delineate tumor sub-regions from different modalities provides crucial insights for medical professionals in treatment planning and decision-making.
Induction of Maize Resistance to Downy Mildew Disease Peronosclerospora Spp. Using an Endophytic Consortium
Authors: Djaenuddin Nurasiah , Djaya Ernawati , Najamuddin Erwin , Yusnawan Eriyanto , Nasruddin Andi , Kuswinanti Tutik
Published: August 2024

Maize resistance to downy mildew is connected with the activation of multiple defense responses that slow or stop infection at specific stages of the host-pathogen interaction. The interaction between the pathogen and the host plant induces several changes in cell metabolism, especially phenolic content, activity of peroxidase enzyme (POD), and salicylic acid. In this study, an analysis was carried out on the effect of a consortium of endophytic microbes from the fungal group (isolates of AC-1, AC-2, AC-3, and DC-5) and bacterial group (isolates of II-D1, IV-B2, I-A1, III-A2, and I-D3) to control downy mildew in maize through seed treatment and watering of the isolate suspension around plant roots at 14 days after planting under screen house conditions. The results showed that DC[1]5+II-D1endophytic consortium significantly suppressed downy mildew disease up to 71 %, with the total phenolic content after inoculation 10.3 ppm. In comparison, the DC-5+I-A1 endophytic consortium treatment recorded the highest increase in salicylic acid concentration of 330 %. This treatment did not significantly affect the peroxidase enzyme activity. This study contributes to the understanding of potential mechanisms involved in the defense of maize against downy mildew, highlighting the role of POD and salicylic acid in plant susceptibility to pathogens.
Liver Function Markers Response to Different Exercise Intensities in Athletes A Single Bout Perspective
Authors: Singh Jagdeep , Chahar Pradeep Singh , Singh Samir Kumar , Mishra Surendra Pratap , Meena Anshul , Kumar Ravi
Published: August 2024

Exercise provides considerable health advantages through promoting proper body system functioning, healthy growth and development, and quality of life. The present study investigated the effect of single bout High- Intensity Exercise (HIE) compared to Low-Intensity Exercise (LIE) on liver function markers in athletes. This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Physical Education, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (UP). A total of 20 healthy male athletes with age range from 22 to 26 years were randomly selected and underwent 5 minutes of HIE and LIE separated by one week. Blood samples for selected liver function markers were taken pre-exercise, immediately, 10 and 20 minutes post-HIE and LIE, respectively. A repeated measures ANOVA with greenhouse-geisser correction found a significant difference between high and low intensity exercises for SGOT (F=5.881; p<0.05) and SBT (F=7.154; p<0.05) values, while statistically insignificant in the case of SGPT (F=1.572; p>0.05). In high intensity exercise there was statistically significant difference for SGOT (F=7.564; p<0.05) value between different time points. Post hoc analysis with a bonferroni correction showed that SGOT value was significantly increased immediately after the HIE, reducing 10 minutes after the exercise and closely returned to baseline level after 20 minutes of exercise, whereas LIE showed no significant changes. Exercise intensity is important as it triggers liver pathology by asymptomatic modifying liver function markers. These findings can be used to develop and administer exercise training plans for athletes.
The Relationship Between Social Media Addiction and Self-Esteem in Medical Students of Diponegoro University
Authors: Subiyakto Difa Maulana , Saktini Fanti , Sumekar Tanjung Ayu
Published: August 2024

Background: In the modern era, social media has become a necessity in carrying out daily activities. Playing social media too often can have negative effects. These negative effects include addiction. Social media addiction can interfere with daily activities and affect the level of self-esteem.Objective: To prove the relationship between social media addiction and selfesteem among medical students at Universitas Diponegoro.Methods: This research was an analytical observational investigation utilizing a cross-sectional methodology. The study was carried out over a span of one month, involving 90 participants from the medical students batch 2022 at Universitas Diponegoro. The  questionnaires used were the Social Media Addiction Scale-Student Form (SMAS-SF) and Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES). The assessment of the correlation between social media addiction and self-esteem using the Spearman test.Results: 2.2% of respondents had a very low level of social media addiction; 52.2% had a low level; 44.4% had a high level; and 1.1% had a very high level. In terms of self-esteem, the data revealed that 84.4% of respondents had a high level of self-esteem, while 15.6% had a low level. In the correlation test between demographic factors, social media addiction, and self-esteem,  an insignificant relationship was found with a p-value greater than 0.05. Meanwhile, a significant relationship was found in the correlation test between social media addiction and the level of self-esteem (p=0.001, r=-0.335).Conclusion: A significant relationship exists between social media addiction and the level of self-esteem among medical students at Diponegoro University.
Does Self-Esteem Affect Stress Levels in Final Year Medical Students? (A Study In Final Year Medical Students, Faculty Of Medicine, Diponegoro University)
Authors: Felita Fiona , Adiwijaya Janice Nathania , Hadiati Titis , Fitrikasari Alifiati , Savitri Soesmeyka
Published: August 2024

Background: During young adulthood, individuals are forced to encounter countless and overwhelming challenges and responsibilities. Individuals are very prone during this period due to the fluctuation in self-esteem. Low self-esteem might significantly impact individuals as they could perceive challenges as distress, putting them at an increased risk of harming physical or mental health.Objective: To examine the relationship between self-esteem and stress levels among final year medical students, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University.  Methods: This research is an observational analytic correlational study with a cross-sectional design. Samples were obtained by total sampling method involving final year medical students, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University (Class of 2018). Self-esteem was measured using the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES), and stress levels were measured using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) that had been tested valid and reliable. Data were analyzed using Spearman and Lambda Correlation Tests.Results: There were 226 subjects involved in this research. Most subjects had high self-esteem (69,5%) and moderate level of stress (67,3%). Demographic factors (gender, residency status, academic achievement and economic status) were not significantly associated with self-esteem and stress levels. However, there was a significant relationship (p=0.000) between self-esteem and stress levels with moderate negative correlation (r=-0.385).Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between self-esteem and stress levels.
Mistyka tego świata. Droga muzyki zachodniej
Authors: Schultz Wolfgang Andreas , Trzęsiok Marcin
Published: August 2024

Polski przekład tekstu: W.-A. Schultz, Weltzugewandte Mystik. Der Weg der abendländischen Musik, [w:] idem, Trauma – Avantgarde – Spiritualität, Mainz 2014, s. 109–122.
Szkoła życia. Wektory aksjologiczne w „Pamiętniku” Janusza Korczaka
Authors: Rudnicki Zbigniew
Published: August 2024

Humanity found itself once again in a deep crisis. Its political and ecological dimensions are most frequently recognized, and recently its ecological ones. This provokes fundamental questions and  a search for adequate answers, especially in the subtle realm of spiritual matters, where we also find values. It seems necessary to reconsider the effort to reflect on rudimentary issues and to turn to classical texts. The profound thoughts of Janusz Korczak in the Ghetto Diary, his last, very personal, and multi-threaded work as the “Old Doctor”, appear to be an excellent source here.
Zjawisko sharentingu – między prawem do prywatności dziecka a aktywnością rodziców w mediach społecznościowych
Authors: Sobczak Anna
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to the phenomenon of sharenting, meaning the sharing of content about their children by parents on the internet. Its emergence is associated with the development and popularization of social media, which have become an integral part of the modern world. A part of society, especially young people, can see sharenting as one of the dimensions of modern parenting. On the other hand, the phenomenon of parents publishing children’s images and other information about them online has many potential negative consequences. The article presents the essence and scale of sharenting as well as its causes and consequences. The author attempted to answer the question: should sharenting be viewed in terms of a threat to children’s privacy or as one of the sides of modern parenting? The article points out that sharenting is one of the significant problems of the current reality, in which considerable activity of parents is observed in social media. It also suggests some measures that could reduce the negative effects of this phenomenon.
Novel variant in IGHM gene in a patient with agammaglobulinemia: A case report of a preschool child presenting with recurrent pneumonia
Authors: Heifetz Erin Joy , Sharifabadi Anahita Dehmoobad , Brager Rae , Garkaby Jenny
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Agammaglobulinemia is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by absent B cells and originates from X-linked or autosomal mutations affecting B cell maturation. While the most common agammaglobulinemia is X-linked, one well-documented site of autosomal recessive agammaglobulinemia is within the immunoglobulin μ heavy chain protein, encoded by the IGHM gene. Such variants frequently result in clinical presentations of recurrent bacterial infections early in life.

Aim: To describe a case of a five-year-old female with agammaglobulinemia resulting from a novel homozygous IGHM variant, presenting with pneumonia complicated by empyema and H. influenzae bacteremia.

Methods: Case data was compiled retrospectively from the patient’s medical chart, including relevant laboratory testing for immunoglobulins, quantitative B cell subsets, and genetic testing using a primary immunodeficiency panel.

Results: The proband is a 5-year-old female with a history of recurrent pneumonia, presenting with H. influenzae bacteremia in the context of pneumonia complicated by an empyema. Investigations revealed low immunoglobulin levels, absent vaccine responses, and undetectable B cells on flow cytometry. Genetic testing revealed a novel homozygous variant in the IGHM gene: c.775T>C, p.Trp259Arg.

Conclusion: Autosomal recessive agammaglobulinemia is a rare but severe, treatable disorder of the immune system which typically presents in early childhood. Hypomorphic mutations, while less commonly reported in the literature, are an important consideration in atypical presentations of primary immunodeficiencies, such as in the case presented.

Statement of Novelty: Herein, we report a case of agammaglobulinemia presenting with a novel homozygous variant in the IGHM gene leading to later onset agammaglobulinemia in a 5-year-old female.
Alterations in cardiac contractile and regulatory proteins contribute to age‐related cardiac dysfunction in male rats
Authors: Han Young Soo , Pakkam Madona , Fogarty Matthew J. , Sieck Gary C. , Brozovich Frank V.
Published: August 2024

Aging is associated with cardiac contractile abnormalities, but the etiology of these contractile deficits is unclear. We hypothesized that cardiac contractile and regulatory protein expression is altered during aging. To investigate this possibility, left ventricular (LV) lysates were prepared from young (6 months) and old (24 months) Fischer344 rats. There are no age‐related changes in SERCA2 expression or phospholamban phosphorylation. Additionally, neither titin isoform expression nor phosphorylation differed. However, there is a significant increase in β‐isoform of the myosin heavy chain (MyHC) expression and phosphorylation of TnI and MyBP‐C during aging. In permeabilized strips of papillary muscle, force and Ca2+ sensitivity are reduced during aging, consistent with the increase in β‐MyHC expression and TnI phosphorylation. However, the increase in MyBP‐C phosphorylation during aging may represent a mechanism to compensate for age‐related contractile deficits. In isolated cardiomyocytes loaded with Fura‐2, the peak of the Ca2+ transient is reduced, but the kinetics of the Ca2+ transient are not altered. Furthermore, the extent of shortening and the rates of both sarcomere shortening and re‐lengthening are reduced. These results demonstrate that aging is associated with changes in contractile and regulatory protein expression and phosphorylation, which affect the mechanical properties of cardiac muscle.
Socioeconomic status as a risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women
Authors: Lastinger Julia , Gerich Joachim , Beham-Rabanser Martina , Stelzl Patrick , Trautner Philip Sebastian , Enzelsberger Simon-Hermann , Altmann Reinhard , Shebl Omar , Oppelt Peter , Enengl Sabine
Published: August 2024

Objectives

Due to the association between COVID-19 and adverse pregnancy outcomes, pregnant women are considered to be a vulnerable patient group. Studies have shown that low socioeconomic status (SES) is a risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection. COVID-19 and low SES are likely to have a synergistic adverse effect. This study aimed to evaluate the socioeconomic background, indicated by self-reported SES, educational level, and financial situation, in pregnant women who were positive for SARS-CoV-2.

Methods

A case-control study was conducted, including all pregnant women with positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR tests at Kepler University Hospital Linz between May 2020 and August 2021 (n=150) and a control group matched 1:1 relative to gestational age at birth (n=150). Data were collected using written questionnaires and medical records from the hospital information system.

Results

Lower self-reported socioeconomic status (p=0.029) and lower education level (p=0.003) were detected in the COVID group. Mothers in the COVID group were significantly younger (p=0.024). However, after adjustment for educational attainment, younger age was not confirmed as a risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy (p=0.326). The social gradient was not explained by the assumed mediators and confounders.

Conclusions

These findings confirm an association between lower socioeconomic status and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. Since both socioeconomic factors and COVID-19 impose negative effects on pregnancy outcomes, health inequalities should be taken into consideration when implementing SARS-CoV-2 prevention measures and when providing health care for pregnant women from disadvantaged communities.
Conservative Profitability Evaluation for a Newsboy-Type Product: Frequentist Approach versus Bayesian Approach
Authors: Su Rung-Hung , Hou Chia-Ding , Wu Chia-Huang , Lin Cheng-I
Published: August 2024

Retailers in competitive markets must determine the optimal order quantity of the product while ensuring that the product keeps a stable performance of profitability. The achievable capacity index (ACI) has a streamlined form to measure the profitability of a newsboy-type product with normally distributed demand. In situations wherein the parameters of the normal distribution are unknown, it is also possible to estimate accurate ACI values using statistical approaches based on historical demand; however, the results tend to vary with the statistical approaches employed (e.g., frequentist or Bayesian). Furthermore, point estimates of ACI lead to overestimates of profitability due to sampling error. This study used frequentist and Bayesian approaches to derive the lower confidence bounds of ACI with the aim of obtaining conservative estimates of profitability. The comparison of the levels of conservatism and confidence between the two approaches was also explored. Our results could be used as a guide for the selection of approaches by which to estimate profitability.
Fracture Toughness Measurement for B4C Composites with Hierarchical Microstructures: Comparison of Micro-indentation and Four-Point Bending Methods
Authors: Dai Jingyao , Singh Jogender , Yamamoto Namiko
Published: August 2024

Because of the advantage of simple preparation of small-sized samples, micro-indentation has been widely adapted to evaluate the fracture toughness of materials including brittle ceramic composites. However, fracture toughness results measured by micro-indentation often differ from those measured by standardized methods such as four-point bending. Such differences can be attributed to loading condition differences (contact load for micro-indentation), fracture mechanism differences, and the associated usage of empirically obtained formulas for fracture toughness evaluation. These differences are expected to amplify when testing hierarchically microstructured ceramic composites, as multiple and complex fracture mechanisms can be triggered at different size scales and loads. Here, we compared the fracture toughness measured using micro-indentation (fracture under compression) and four-point bending (surface crack in flexure method) about three types of hierarchically microstructured boron carbide composites: one reinforced with sub-micron and micron-sized graphite platelets, one reinforced with titanium diboride particulates, and one reinforced with both. The fracture toughness value differences were correlated with fracture and deformation mechanisms observed after the micro-indentation and four-point bending tests. This study provides insights into the origin of the toughness value differences, and also insights into fair interpretation of micro-indentation data when the four-point bending test option is not available for brittle hierarchical composites.
O português falado por descendentes de holandeses em Carambeí (PR) e os róticos em coda
Authors: Fraga Letícia
Published: August 2024

Este trabalho apresenta a caracterização acústica dos róticos em coda no português carambeiense falado pelas 2ª e 3ª gerações de descendentes de holandeses, comparando-os. Apesar do cunho fonético do trabalho, acredita-se que os dados obtidos poderão auxiliar uma futura pesquisa de cunho variacionista, já que estudos anteriores (Fraga, 2005; Fraga, 2006a) apontam haver uma mudança em curso no que diz respeito aos róticos em coda no português carambeiense. Considerando a situação de contato entre o holandês e o português e o bilingüismo dos descendentes de holandeses resultante desse contato, analisou-se também o /r/ em coda no holandês falado pelos mesmos informantes, apesar de a 3ª geração de descendentes ser pouco fluente na língua. Os dados em holandês foram comparados aos dados em português, no sentido de se verificarem possíveis semelhanças acústicas entre esses sons.
Imaging of enlarged perivascular spaces in Alzheimer’s disease with MRI techniques
Authors: Ma Wanyin , Wang Xinxin , Wu Renhua
Published: August 2024

The development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is closely associated with the integrity and function of the perivascular space (PVS). The PVS has essential roles in transporting cerebrospinal fluid and exchanging intracellular substances necessary to clear metabolic waste from the brain. An enlarged PVS (ePVS) is now acknowledged as a major factor in AD development, thus indicating a complex interplay with other pathogenic factors. Herein, we present a detailed examination of the imaging features of PVS, as depicted by various MRI modalities, highlighting how these techniques have advanced understanding of AD pathogenesis. Furthermore, we critically assess the strengths and limitations of these imaging approaches and discuss prospective enhancements that may provide refined insights. Further understanding of the PVS may reveal new diagnostic biomarkers and inform targeted therapeutic approaches, thus improving clinical management for patients with AD.
Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Complications following Bone Marrow transplantation in the recent years – A Single Centre Study
Authors: Ahmed Monjur , Yoon BoHyung , Kurian Christine
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abnormal liver function tests (LFT) are common following both autologous and allogenic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). The incidence and severity of these complications have decreased in the last few years with the use of less intensive chemotherapeutic and radiation regimens and better supportive care. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or abnormal LFTs can occur due to chemoradiation, infection or graft versus host disease (GVHD). The study aimed to describe gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary complications following BMT at a tertiary care medical centre in the recent years. Methods: Retrospective chart review of patients who presented with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or abnormal LFTs within 3 months of bone marrow transplantation at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital between November 1, 2016 and October 31, 2018. Baseline demographics, gastrointestinal complications and liver function test were collected. Results: 15 patients underwent bone marrow transplantation between November 1, 2016 and October 31, 2018. Among these patients, 9 patients had gastrointestinal complications or transaminitis. The average age of these 9 patients was 53 years. 7 of them were males and 6 of them were white. Of these 9 patients, 7 patients had nausea, vomiting or diarrhea and 3 patients had abnormal LFTs. Only 2 patients out of 7 patients with diarrhea were positive for Clostridium difficile colitis. Others had diarrhea which was thought to be secondary to regimen related toxicity, and one was from an atypical Crohn’s flare. Abnormal LFTs were thought to be secondary to sepsis or medication-induced. Discussion: More than half of the patients who underwent BMT had gastrointestinal or hepatic complications. Unlike other studies, we did not have any patients with GVHD. However, Clostridium difficile colitis was not uncommon. There were several cases with an unknown etiology. A larger sample size would be helpful in further delineating the incidence and determining trends of various gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary complications following BMT in recent years.
Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in individuals without and with risk factors
Authors: Ahmed Monjur , Yoon BoHyung , Kurian Christine
Published: August 2024

Background: SIBO is increasingly being diagnosed in clinical practice in patients with a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms such as flatulence, bloating and diarrhea. There are various risk factors for the development of SIBO including altered small bowel anatomy (gastric resection, Biliroth II surgery, Roux- en-Y anastomosis, jejunoileal bypass surgery, surgically created blind loop, fistula between proximal and distal bowel, small bowel stricture, resection of ileocecal valve), altered small bowel motility (due to diabetic autonomic neuropathy, cirrhosis of liver, acute necrotizing pancreatitis or chronic pancreatitis, scleroderma, polymyositis, intestinal pseudoobstruction, celiac disease, irritable bowel syndrome), small bowel diverticulosis, chronic renal failure, immunodeficiency states, hypochlorhydria, recurrent antibiotics, chronic alcoholics, diabetes mellitus and old age. There are also a subset of patients without previously defined symptoms that develop SIBO. Purpose: To define what risk factors may predispose patients to developing SIBO and to find out whether symptomatic patients with risk factors have greater chance of developing SIBO than symptomatic patients without any risk factor for SIBO. Methods: Retrospective study with review of electronic medical records from a University Hospital System in Philadelphia from July 1, 2015 to June 30, 2016. All symptomatic patients (gas, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, belching, halitosis) above the age of 18, irrespective of sex and race who had lactulose breath test during that period were included in our study. Patients with repeat breath tests after treatment were excluded from the study. The study data was analyzed in Microsoft Excel. Result: 434 patients underwent a lactulose breath test. The number of positive tests was 344 (79.26%) and total negative test was 90 (20.74%). 232 patients had previously defined risk factors (RF) and some of them had multiple RF and out of them 182 (78.45%) had a positive test (Table 2). Patients without risk factors were 202 and out of them 162 (80%) had positive test. Demographics of these two groups are shown in Table 1. To compare the breath test results between the two groups, Z test was done and Z score was found to be -0.4485 (P value 0.32636) indicating that there was no significant difference between the results. Conclusion: Although there are known risk factors for the development of SIBO, symptomatic patients can have SIBO even without any risk factor. About 50% of the patients with risk factors had IBS. The next common risk factors were diabetes mellitus, old age >75 years and Celiac disease. Irrespective of the risk factors, SIBO should be ruled out if the patients are symptomatic
Analysis of students error in global meta-level algebraic thinking on problem proving on CORE learning assisted by scaffolding
Authors: Ihtiani Ana , Agoestanto Arief
Published: August 2024

The aims of this study are to identifies the quality of mathematics learning used CORE model assisted by scaffolding, examine whether students' ability in global meta-level algebraic thingking pass the minimun completeness criteria, describes the type and the causes of students error in global meta-level algebraic thingking, and type of scaffolding for lower group students. This is a mixed-method research. The population of this research are students of class XI-IPA at SMAN 1 Bojong. The sample of this research are students of class XI-IPA 3 as many as 32 students. The research subjects were taken 9 students, each of 3 students from the uuper, middle, and lower groups. Data collection methods used documentation, interviewies, and  test. Teh validity of the data is done by triangulating the result of test and interviews. Data is analyzed by doing data reduction, data presentation, and verificatiton. The results of this research showed that (1) the quality of mathematics learning used CORE model assisted by scaffolding in very good criteria; (2 students' ability in global meta-level algebraic thingking on CORE learning assisted by scaffolding pass the minimun completeness criteria; (3) upper group students tend to make some error in the process skill and encoding steps, middle group students tend to make some error in the process skill steps, while lower group students tend to make some error in the transformation and process skill steps; (4) the cause of the error are lack of studentsâ€™ accuracy in writing problem information modeling, inaccurate in calculation process, not able to complete the proving process, and inaccurate in writing down the variables in conclusion sentences; (5) scaffolding reviewing is given for transformation and encoding errors, scaffolding explaining, reviewing, and restructuring are given for process skill errors.
HOTS of VIII class students reviewed from creative thinking process of the Osborn model in PjBL
Authors: Mujinuranto Bagas , Junaedi Iwan
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study was to find out how the effectiveness of PjBL towards students' HOTS and to find out how the HOTS process of students in terms of the Osborn Model thinking process. This study uses mixed methods using a pre-experimental research design that is used is the one-shot case study using a sequential explanatory strategy. The population used in this study were all 8th-grade students at one junior high school in Semarang in the odd semester of the 2019/2020 school year. The research subjects were students of class 8A in a Junior High School in Semarang. Methods of data collection were carried out using tests, interviews, and observations. The results of the quantitative research showed that the ability of students in the HOTS aspect who received PjBL learning did not achieve actual passing grade. It can be concluded that the project-based learning model is not effective against students' HOTS. The results of the qualitative research indicate that there are descriptions of the HOTS process at various levels of analysis and evaluation. The diversity of HOTS process descriptions is shown in the fact-finding idea-making stage, some subjects who can achieve the evaluation level and get high scores to choose then write down information to solve the problem. In the idea-generating stage, subjects who have reached the evaluation level in HOTS tend to do one thing to find ideas, read repeatedly to find ideas and do not move to other problems if they don't find ideas. In the idea evaluation stage, the subject with the level of analysis does not check the complete results. the subject with the level of evaluation checks all the results of completion or some of the results of completion, some students pay attention to writing the results of the completion so that it is easy to understand.
Students' mathematical communication skill in co-op co-op type of cooperative learning model reviewed by productive disposition
Authors: Utami Ika Wahyu Putri , Veronica Rahayu Budhiati
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study are examine the effectiveness of co-op co-op type of cooperative learning model on the mathematical communication skill of 8th grade students, determine the effect of productive disposition on students' mathematical communication skill in co-op co-op type of cooperative learning model, and describe students' mathematical communication skill reviewed by productive disposition in co-op co-op type of cooperative learning model. The research method used is mixed method. The results showed that: 1) the mathematical communication skill of 8th grade students in co-op co-op type of cooperative learning model achieved classical completeness criteria, 2) the average of mathematical communication skill of 8th grade students in the co-op co-op type of cooperative learning model achieved minimum completeness criteria, 3) there is an effect of productive disposition on mathematical communication skill in the co-op type of cooperative learning model, 4) subjects with high productive disposition are able to achieve one indicator well and five indicators are achieved imperfectly. Subjects with medium productive disposition are able to achieve all indicators of mathematical communication skill imperfectly. Subjects with low productive disposition are able to achieve four indicators of mathematical communication skill imperfectly.
Mathematical communication ability of 7th grade Junior High School students by using Knisley’s model assisted by textbook supplements
Authors: Putri Dian Kartika , Rochmad Rochmad
Published: August 2024

Mathematical communication ability needs to be improved so that students can solve math problems well. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Knisley’s learning model assisted by textbook supplements on achieving mathematical communication ability. The type of this research was quantitative method research with a Quasi-Experimental design. The population was the students of class VII A, and VII B at SMP Muhammadiyah Pangkalan Bun Kalimantan year 2019/2020. Data collection techniques used are tests. The results showed that Knisley’s learning model assisted by textbook supplement is effective in achieving students’ mathematical communication ability, namely (1) the proportion of student’s mathematical communication ability reaches more than 75% classical completeness, and (2) the average test results of the students’ mathematical communication ability who follow Knisley’s learning model assisted by the textbook supplement are better than the students’ mathematical communication ability who follow Knisley’s learning model without textbook supplement.
Development process of mathematical representation ability and cultural love on RME learning using Wayang Kulit
Authors: Lukmana Chandra Prasetia , Suyitno Hardi , Zaenuri Zaenuri
Published: August 2024

The development of science and technology in the current era of globalization can have a positive and negative impact on human life. Mathematical ability and cultural love need to be possessed by students. The methodology applied the qualitative method and collecting data using a written test and interview. This study used media wayang kulit with RME learning model applied to grade VII students SMP. The ability of mathematical representation in schools is less developed by subject teachers. Conventional learning results in students only being able to have the mathematical representation capabilities provided by the teacher. The process of developing a student's mathematical representation consists of the initial activity with sample observations and finding the concept of matter. Then students look at various examples and discover the concept of matter. When faced with problems, students can go through the stages of identifying problems, developing plans for the use of representation, and the use of representations to solve problems or communicate ideas they have. The cultural love that the students have during the learning process is described as finding the material concept. But when faced with a choice between the use of traditional media and technology, students prefer to use the media technology.
Mathematical Communication Ability with Brain-Based Learning Model in Terms of Gender
Authors: Pertiwi Hana , RD Nuriana , Veronica Rahayu Budhiati
Published: August 2024

Mathematical communication ability is one of the basic skills standards in mathematics. However, mathematical communication ability with students is still low. This can be seen from the work of students who still have difficulty expressing mathematical problems with mathematical symbols and have difficulty interpreting mathematical ideas in writing. It seems that students find it difficult to express mathematical ideas into writing. This study aims to (1) determine the attainment of the classic dimension of the ability of mathematics students to communicate through the Brain-Based Learning model (2) compared the ability of mathematics based on gender through the Brain-Based Learning model (3) to describe the ability of mathematics students to communicate through gender. This study uses a mix method with a sequential Explanatory. The population is the eighth grade high school student of State 31 at the same time. The sample in this study is a class VIII B student determined by random sampling techniques. The subject of this study was taken on the basis of the student gender. There are six students, three male students and three female students. The results of this study show that: (1) the ability of students to communicate mathematically in Pythagorean matter through the Brain-Based Learning model reaches the classical dimension (2) there is no significant difference in the ability of students to communicate mathematically between men and women through the Brain-Based Learning model (3) Women are better at explaining the idea of the situation and the mathematical relationship in writing with real things, images, graphics, and algebra, and also women are better at creating concepts, formulating arguments, and generalization than men. But in terms of connecting real things, images, and diagrams to the idea of mathematics and also in terms of expressing everyday events in language or the symbol of mathematics between students and girls there is no significant difference.
Analyzing the Influence of Concept Understanding and Self Efficacy on Student’s Algebraic Thinking Ability in Flipped Classroom Learning Model
Authors: Kurniawan Muhammad Rizcky , Mashuri Mashuri
Published: August 2024

The concept understanding and self efficacy are needed in mathematics learning. One of the student’s skills in mathematics learning is the ability to think. The aims of this study is an analyzing the influence of concept understanding and self-efficacy on students' algebraic thinking abilitys and describe the algebraic thinking ability in the flipped classroom learning model based on concept understanding and self efficacy. This research is included in the mix-method research with sequential explanatory design. The results showed that (1) the average concept understanding and algebraic thinking ability of students who were given the flipped classroom learning model achieved learning completeness; (2) the average concept understanding and algebraic thinking ability of students who were given the flipped classroom learning model were better than those given the direct instruction learning model; (3) there is an influence between concept understanding and self-efficacy on students' algebraic thinking ability both simultaneously and partially; (4) i) students who have high concept understanding and high self efficacy tend to have high algebraic thinking ability; ii) students who have high concept understanding and moderate self efficacy than moderate concept understanding and moderate and low self efficacy tend to have moderate algebraic thinking ability; and iii) students who have low concept understanding and self efficacy tend to have low algebraic thinking ability.
The Development of Mathematical Worksheet based on Surrounding Environment with Problem Based Learning Model to Improve Creative Thinking Ability
Authors: Safira Amalia Fitri Ayu , Susilo Bambang Eko
Published: August 2024

This research aims to develop mathematical worksheet product based on surrounding environment in the problem based learning in flat-side space material and to improve creative thinking ability. Using Research and Development with 4D-Thiagarajan model modified 3D (consist of define, design and, develop). The result show that student worksheet is valid, easy to understand, and effective to improve creative thinking ability. The worksheet is valid with an average percentage of 88.60%. Next, the worksheet is easy to understand with a percentage of 83% using a practice tests with a cloze test. Meanwhile, the worksheet can improve creative thinking ability through the paired T-test and right-tailed T-test which was strengthened by the N-gain test with a result of 0.596 on the medium criteria. The worksheet is packaged an atrractive presentation targeting 8th grade and has received e-copyright by Electronic Intellectual Wealth General Directory.
Meta analysis of learning models in improving Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in junior highs school mathematics learning
Authors: Khasanah Uswatun , Hidayah Isti
Published: August 2024

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 requires students to have Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). To achieve this aim, an effective learning models is needed with various cosiderations. Many studies have been conductes and provide different conclusions, so that new problems arise regarding which learning models is considered more influential in improving students’ HOTS. This study aims to find, compared, and analyzed learning models that have been used in improved HOTS at the junior high school level. The method used being narrative meta-analysis. The subjects of this study were 2 (two) articles that met inclusion criteria and had passed the PRISMA procedure. The result showed that the effect size values for each group of Project Based Learning (PjBL) assisted by Geogebra, Challenges Based Learning (CBL) and Problem Based Learning (PBL) were 3.27, 2.25, and 1.09. This shows that PjBL assisted by Geogebra have a greater influence than other learning models because the synrax of the learning model applied and the learning media used.
Mathematical Creative Thinking Ability in terms of the Habits of Mind in PBL with a Management System with a Goal Free Problems strategy
Authors: Pradinar Fanindya Dwisetiya , Pujiastuti Emi
Published: August 2024

Problem Based Learning with a Management System with a Goal Free Problems strategy is given to improve the mathematical creative thinking skills of class X MIPA students at SMA Negeri 8 Semarang which are not yet optimal. . Purpose main from study this is analyze ability think learners reviewed from Habits of Mind , as consequence from application of learning models Problem Based Learning help The LMS is Google Classroom . Method research used _ that is mixed methods with posttest only control design . Sample taken two class with technique random sampling from population class X MIPA 8 Semarang . Experiment class use PBL model with Management System with Goal Free Problems strategy whereas class control using the PBL model. Subject in research this as much 8 student from class experiment . Qualitative data analysis i.e. result data interview and results test mathematical creative thinking skills subject research . Research results showing that : (1) ability think creative mathematical participant educate reviewed from Habits of Mind in PBL with Management System reach more from criteria minimum completeness is 68; (2) ability think creative mathematical participant educate reviewed from Habits of Mind in PBL with Management System reach completeness classic that is more from 75% of participants educate reach limit complete ; (3) average ability think creative mathematical reviewed from Habits of Mind in PBL with Management System more tall from Problem Based Learning model learning ; (4) proportion completeness results test ability think creative mathematical reviewed from Habits of Mind in PBL with Management System more tall from Problem Based Learning model learning ; (5) ability think creative mathematical with four indicator think creative is in the subject category Persisting , Thinking about Thinking , Thinking Flexibly , and Applying Past Knowledge to New Situations .
Mathematical Critical Thinking Ability in DAPIC Problem Solving Learning with Scientific-RME Approach in Students Learning Independent
Authors: Abdulah Yusuf , Winarti Endang Retno
Published: August 2024

Mathematical critical thinking ability is an ability that students in learning mathematics must possess. The purpose of this study was to analyze critical thinking ability reviewed from independence tend and to describe students’ critical thinking ability on DAPIC Problem Solving in independence tend. The population in the study were all students of class VIII Junior High School 43 Semarang Year 2020/2021. The research method used was a mixed method with a sequential explanatory design. Research results showed that: (1) students' mathematical critical thinking skills in DAPIC Problem Solving learning with the Scientific-RME approach could achieve minimum completeness criteria; (2) students' mathematical critical thinking skills in DAPIC Problem Solving learning with the Scientific-RME approach achieved classical learning completeness; (3) average critical thinking ability in the DAPIC Problem Solving learning with the Scientific-RME approach more than from Problem Based Learning; (4) proportion result test critical thinking ability in the DAPIC Problem Solving learning approach Scientific-RME is better than Problem Based Learning; (5) critical thinking ability with five indicators think critical is in the subject category high, moderate, and low learning independence tend.