bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the inhibitory potential of flavonoid-rich fraction of Myrica esculenta against DSS-induced colonic inflammation in mice
Authors: Joshi Monika , Pandey Manju , Ved Akash
Published: January 2024

Background
Myrica esculenta (family Myricaceae) is a plant species valued in India and China for the management of gut disorders. Scientific validation of its anti-ulcerative colitis activity was aimed.
Methods and Results
The ethyl acetate fraction of Myrica esculenta (MeEa) was prepared and evaluated for its potency against DSS-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice at 200 and 400 mg/kg BW oral dose. The effective dose of MeEa was determined through its effect on DSS-induced UC and was further analyzed through its effects on disease activity index (DAI), colon length, colon weight/length ratio, spleen weight, serum and colon tissue cytokine level, cell count (total WBC, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, RBC and platelet) and hemoglobin content. Furthermore, the effect was determined through histopathology and FITC-dextran-induced membrane permeability assay. Between the two doses MeEa at 400 mg/kg BW was found to be the most effective dose in terms of reduced DAI scores, which were increased due to DSS administration, protected colon length from shortening, decreased colon weight/length ratio, reduced spleen weight, decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL6, IL8, TNF α and IFN γ) level and stabilized the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL10) level in serum and colon tissue. MeEa 400 reduced cell counts and increased hemoglobin content and platelet count. Furthermore, MeEa 400 prevented the colon by protecting epithelial cells and crypts. MeEa 400 provided significant protection from intestinal leakage and reduced FITC dextran level in serum.
Conclusions
MeEa 400 possesses significant anti-inflammatory potential and acts via attenuation of DSS-induced UC and inhibition of DAI scores. It reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines and stabilizes anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, reduces cell count, and protects epithelial tissue and crypts in the colon as well as intestinal membrane leakage that occurred due to FITC-dextran administration in mice.
Assessing the Relationship between Psoriasis and Thyroid Dysfunction through Two sample MR Analysis
Authors: 郑泓锴 ZhengHongkai , Li Wei , Liang Jingyao , Zhang Sanquan
Published: January 2024

Background:
The association between psoriasis and hyperthyroidism/hypothyroidism remains inconclusive, with conflicting findings in prior studies.
Objectives:
This study employs Mendelian randomization methods to assess the potential relationship.
Methods:
Given the inability to accurately observe the link between psoriasis and thyroid dysfunction, we prioritized utilizing known genetic variants to investigate the potential impacts of the disease.We analyzed data from genome-wide association studies (GWASs), FinnGen, and UK Biobank to extract information on psoriasis, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism. Three MR approaches (MR Egger, weighted median, and inverse variance weighted) were used to scrutinize the causal link.
Results:
Our analysis revealed no correlation between psoriasis and hyperthyroidism/hypothyroidism. However, psoriasis vulgaris and guttate psoriasis were associated with hypothyroidism/myxedema (IVW odds ratio (OR) = 1.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.00-1.00, P = 2.53E-03), and Graves' disease (IVW OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.72-1.01, P = 4.75E-02).In a subsequent analysis, we observed that hypothyroidism with mucinous edema showed no correlation with Graves' disease in the opposite(P = 9.33E-01).
Conclusion:
This MR analysis suggests no association between psoriasis and thyroid dysfunction, but highlights associations of psoriasis vulgaris/guttate with hypothyroidism/myxedema and Graves' disease. In clinical practice, diagnosing guttate psoriasis requires vigilance for associated risks from hypothyroidism and Graves' disease. For patients with both vulgar psoriasis and hypothyroidism, careful monitoring for mucinous edema is crucial, as it may signal a hypothyroid crisis.
Radio-pathomic maps of glioblastoma identify phenotypes of non-enhancing tumor infiltration associated with bevacizumab treatment response
Authors: Bobholz Samuel A. , Hoefs Alisha , Hamburger Jordyn , Lowman Allison K. , Winiarz Aleksandra , Duenweg Savannah R. , Kyereme Fitzgerald , Connelly Jennifer , Coss Dylan , Krucoff Max , Banerjee Anjishnu , LaViolette Peter S.
Published: January 2024

Background
Autopsy-based radio-pathomic maps of glioma pathology have shown substantial promise inidentifying areas of non-enhancing tumor presence, which may be able to differentiate subsets of patients that respond favorably to treatments such as bevacizumab that have shown mixed efficacy evidence. We tested the hypthesis that phenotypes of non-enhancing tumor fronts can distinguish between glioblastoma patients that will respond favorably to bevacizumab and will visually capture treatment response.
Methods
T1, T1C, FLAIR, and ADC images were used to generate radio-pathomic maps of tumor characteristics for 79 pre-treatment patients with a primary GBM or high-grade IDH1-mutant astrocytoma for this study. Novel phenotyping (hypercellular, hypocellular, hybrid, or well-circumscribed front) of the non-enhancing tumor front was performed on each case. Kaplan Meier analyses were then used to assess differences in survival and bevacizumab efficacy between phenotypes. Phenotype compartment segmentations generated longitudinally for a subset of 26 patients over the course of bevacizumab treatment, where a mixed effect model was used to detect longitudinal changes.
Results
Well-Circumscribed patients showed significant/trending increases in survival compared to Hypercellular Front (HR = 2.0, p = 0.05), Hypocellular Front (HR = 2.02, p = 0.03), and Hybrid Front tumors (HR = 1.75, p = 0.09). Only patients with hypocellular or hybrid fronts showed significant survival benefits from bevacizumab treatment (HR = 2.35, p = 0.02; and HR = 2.45, p = 0.03, respectively). Hypocellular volumes decreased by an average 50.52 mm3 per day of bevacizumab treatment (p = 0.002).
Conclusion
Patients with a hypocellular tumor front identified by radio-pathomic maps showed improved treatment efficacy when treated with bevacizumab, and reducing hypocellular volumes over the course of treatment may indicate treatment response.
Comparison of heavy metal contamination in sediment, water and Gammarus spp. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) in small streams with respect to anthropogenic discharges
Authors: Plaß Lukas , Heid Felix , Windisch Ute
Published: January 2024

The entry of heavy metals into rivers affects both the water quality and the biocoenosis of the water bodies. Heavy metals that are discharged with wastewater are distributed with the current and can be stored downstream in the sediment of the watercourse and absorbed by aquatic organisms. The aim of the study is to examine how heavy metals entering water bodies are found in samples of water, sediment, and freshwater amphipods (Gammarus spp.). Several smaller rivers in Hesse and Bavaria are being investigated, establishing a connection to existing wastewater discharge points. For the examined rivers, it is determined that the concentration of heavy metals in sediment is about 10,000 times higher than in a scoop sample of water from the same section of the water body. In the species Gammarus fossarum, G. pulex and G. roeselii, heavy metal concentrations are about 1,000 times higher than those found in the investigated river water. A comparison of heavy metal contents in gammarids and in sediment shows no linear relationship. Gammarids inhabit the bottom of water bodies and the bank area, accumulating heavy metals with their food throughout their lifetime. Due to their high abundance, they serve as accumulation indicators in most smaller rivers. However, the sampling process is labor-intensive, requiring sufficient sample weight and the removal of other macrozoobenthos species. Sampling sediment in water bodies with gravel or fine sediment requires less effort. Water samples can be obtained quickly from any water body. The investigations of the Kössein and Röslau rivers in Bavaria, known for their mercury contamination, show a decrease in heavy metal concentrations over a period of about ten years. Due to the low flow velocity at the Wölsauerhammer weir, elevated levels can still be observed in the settled sediment. Dredging the riverbed and securing the banks of previously heavily contaminated sections lead to an overall decrease in concentrations throughout the river system. Sediment analyses from several sampling sites along the Wieseck river near Trohe, where untreated sewage was discharged for a week, indicate that an increase in heavy metal contamination due to the event can still be detected about a year later. The example of Rosbach in the Taunus region illustrates the suitability of combining different types of samples. Water analysis shows an increase in heavy metal concentrations (including zinc) downstream of a wastewater treatment plant's discharge point, which can be found in the sediment further along the watercourse. The examination of water samples is mainly suitable for short-term monitoring of known contamination events. Conversely, environmental media such as sediment and Gammarus spp. can be used to assess past wastewater discharges. The increase in heavy metal contamination in water bodies due to wastewater discharges is confirmed for both sediment and gammarids.
The complete genome of Tetragonisca angustula (Apidae: Meliponini), the most commonly reared stingless bee in Brazil
Authors: Ferrari Rafael Rodrigues , Ricardo Paulo Cseri , Dias Felipe Cordeiro , Araújo Natália Souza , Soares Dalliane Oliveira , Zhou Qing-Song , Zhu Chao-Dong , Coutinho Luiz Lehmann , Arias Maria Cristina , Batista Thiago Mafra
Published: January 2024

Background The field of bee genomics has been considerably advanced in recent years, however, the most diverse group of honey producers on the planet, the stingless bees (SLBs), are still largely neglected. In fact, only ten of the ~600 described SLB species have been sequenced, and only one using a long-read (LR) sequencing technology. Here, we sequenced the complete genome of the most common, widespread and broadly reared SLB species in Brazil—Tetragonisca angustula (popularly known as jataí).
Results A total of 48.01 Gb of DNA data were generated, including 2.31 Gb of Pacific Bioscience LRs and 45.70 Gb of Illumina short reads (SRs). Our preferred assembly comprised 705 contigs encompassing 283.99 Mb, 65.94 Mb of which (23.22%) corresponded to 462,261 repetitive elements. N50, L50 and complete BUSCOs reached 1.01 Mb, 94 contigs and 97%, respectively. We predicted that the genome of T. angustula comprises 16,958 protein-coding genes and 1,866 non-coding RNAs. The mitogenome consisted of 17,410 bp, and all 37 genes were found to be on the positive strand, an unusual feature among bees. A phylogenomic analysis of 26 hymenopteran species revealed that six of the 64 orthogroups experiencing rapid evolution in T. angustula included odorant receptor genes, all but one undergoing considerable contractions.
Conclusions Here, we provided the first genome assembly for the ecologically and economically important T. angustula, the second SLB species to be sequenced with LR technology thus far. We demonstrated that even relatively small amounts of LR data in combination with sufficient SR data can yield high-quality genome assemblies for bees.
Effect of Integration of Sports and Medicine on the Intervention of Childhood Simple Obesity
Authors: Zhang Yuanda , Zhang Zhongfang , Tian Lei , Zhang Jie , Liu Caixia
Published: January 2024

Background
To investigate the effect of the integration of sports and medicine on the intervention of childhood simple obesity.
Methods
This was a prospective study. A total of 206 children with childhood simple obesity who were admitted to Baoding Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from May 2021 to September 2022 were recruited as subjects. They were divided into two groups using a random number table. The first group was an observation group in which interventions were formulated jointly by clinicians, nutritionists and sports professionals. The second group was a control group treated solely under the direction of clinicians. Separately, the two groups of children were followed up for a 1-year intervention and their height, weight, blood glucose, and lipid levels were examined. And, an adherence scale was used to investigate the adherence of the children.
Results
The lost visit rate of the control group was higher than that of the observation group (χ2 = 5.618, P < 0.05). Developmental indicators: the body weight and BMI of the observation group were lower than the baseline value after 1 year of follow-up (t = 4.402, t = 13.852; all P < 0.05); After 1-year follow-up, the body weight and BMI of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (t = 7.358, t = 14.807; all P < 0.05); Laboratory findings: no statistically significant difference was found between the baseline values of PG and HDL-C in the observation group when compared with those after 1 year of follow-up (P > 0.05), while TC, TG, and LDL-C were lower than the baseline values (t = 23.220, t = 17.408, t = 20.305; all P < 0.05); No statistically significant difference was found between the PG, HDL-C, TC, and TG in the control group compared with the baseline values after 1 year of follow-up (P > 0.05), while LDL-C was lower than the baseline values (t = 15.459, t = 14.861, t = 10.331; all P < 0.05). Adherence comparison: the exercise adherence, monitoring adherence, opinion-seeking adherence, and total adherence in the control group were significantly higher than those in the observation group (P < 0.05). Adherence analysis: BMI of the enrolled children was negatively correlated with exercise adherence, monitoring adherence, opinion-seeking adherence and total adherence (r=-0.353, r=-0.656, r=-0.646, r=-0.629; all P < 0.05).
Conclusions
It is not ideal for obese children to lose weight under the guidance of a physician alone. In this regard, the integration of sports and medicine (ISM) can be an effective way to address childhood obesity by developing individualized, standardized, and adherent treatment plans for obese children.
Validation of the VisionArray® Chip Assay for HPV DNA testing in Histology Specimens of Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Channir Hani Ibrahim , Bendtsen Simone Kloch , Melchior Linea Cecilie , Sandholm Pia Rovsing , Mordhorst Christine , Carlander Amanda-Louise Fenger , von Buchwald Christian , Kiss Katalin
Published: January 2024

Background: The detection of Human papillomavirus (HPV) has several implications in the diagnostic work-up and management of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). The choice of HPV detection assay and testing algorithms differs across institutions and vary in cost, detection targets, technical feasibility, and turn-around time. In this study we aimed to validate the VisionArray®HPV Chip for formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples of OPSCC using the previously applied standard pan-HPV DNA PCR assay as a reference.
Methods: The validation cohort consisted of FFPE tissue samples from patients previously diagnosed with HPV-DNA positive OPSCC (n=80), HPV-DNA negative OPSCC (n=21), and a benign group of tumor samples consisting of Warthin’s tumors (n= 20) and branchial cleft cysts of the lateral neck (n=14). All samples were tested with p16 immunohistochemistry, pan-HPV DNA PCR and the VisionArray® HPV Chip.
Results: The overall sensitivity and specificity of the VisionArray® HPV Chip assay were 100% [95% CI, 95.5%;100.0 %] and 96.3% [95% CI, 87.3%;99.6%] and the positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 97.6% [95% CI, 91.5%;99.7%] and 100% [95% CI, 93.2%;100%], respectively.
Conclusions: The VisionArray® HPV Chip assay can be recommended for high-risk HPV-testing in FFPE tissue samples from OPSCC, providing both a fast and simultaneous genotyping for the most common 41 clinically relevant HPV types.
Treatment of ocular surface squamous neoplasia in an Indian rural facility: A study of 38 eyes
Authors: Agarwal Ayushi , Ghose Neha , Rathi Varsha , Khanna Rohit , Kaliki Swathi
Published: January 2024

Purpose
To report the demographic profile, clinical presentation, and management outcomes of ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) treated with primary topical chemotherapy in a limited resource secondary eye care facility in rural parts of South India.
Methods
Retrospective interventional study of 38 eyes of 37 patients with OSSN treated with topical 1% 5-Fluoro uracil (5-FU), over a period of two years.
Results
The median age at presentation with OSSN was 44 years (mean, 46 years; range 13 to 74 years). Majority (76%) were males. The most common morphological variant was placoid OSSN (18, 47%). Limbus was the most common epicenter (31, 82%). Corneal OSSN was the most initially misdiagnosed variant (n = 3). Of the 38 eyes receiving one week on and 3-weeks off cycles of 5-FU regimen, complete tumor resolution was achieved in 36 (95%) eyes. The median number of topical 5-FU cycles for tumor resolution was 2 (mean, 2; range, 1 to 4). Over a median follow-up period of 5 months (mean, 6 months; range, 1 to 27 months), tumor recurrence was noted in 3 eyes (8%), of which one case had xeroderma pigmentosum with bilateral multifocal recurrence. Complication rate was 5% (n = 2), which included transient conjunctival hyperemia (n = 1), and bacterial keratitis (n = 1) which resolved with fortified antibiotics.
Conclusion
Primary chemotherapy with topical 1% 5-FU is a safe and effective management modality for OSSN at limited resource settings in rural India.
Gut microbiota and venous thromboembolism: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study Gut microbiota and venous thromboembolism
Authors: Wang Jia , Fei Bojian , Wang Chao
Published: January 2024

Background
Recent studies have suggested an association between gut microbiota (GM) and venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, observational studies cannot indicate causality and population-level studies with a higher evidence level for causality are lacking. Therefore, our study aimed to explore the causal association of GM and VTE.
Methods
This study utilized the summary-level data of respective genome-wide association study for 196 gut microbial taxa and VTE. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design was deployed and comprehensively sensitive analyses were followed to validate the robustness of results. We used the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, the weighted median method, weighted mode method, simple mode method, MR-Egger regression, MR-Egger intercept test, Cochrane’s Q-test, outlier test, and leave-one-out analysis as the primary analysis.
Results
We identified suggestive associations between 17 bacterial traits and the risk of VTE. Porphyromonadaceae (IVW odds ratio (OR): 1.3729, p = 0.0035) and Cyanobacteria (IVW OR: 1.2151, p = 0.0048) were associated with increased risk of VTE. Three gut microbiota taxa (Eubacteriumrectalegroup (IVW OR: 1.0038, p = 0.0278), Coprococcus2 (IVW OR: 1.0041, p = 0.0063), and LachnospiraceaeUCG001 (IVW OR: 1.0041, p = 0.0009) were predicted to play a causal role in enhancing the risk of encompassing deep vein thrombosis. And three gut microbiota taxa (Christensenellaceae (IVW OR: 1.0023, p = 0.0497), Streptococcaceae (IVW OR: 1.0031, p = 0.0279), Victivallaceae (IVW OR: 1.0014, p = 0.0493) were positively associated with pulmonary embolism.
Conclusions
This study suggested the role of the specific GM on the risk for VTE, which may provide new ideas and a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of VTE in the future.
The relationship of the religious faith and practice of student youth and adults in southeastern Poland and western Ukraine with their health status and attitudes toward physical culture
Authors: Cynarski Wojciech J. , Dyndał Stanisław , Wąsik Jacek , Mosler Dariusz , Pavlova Iulia , Yu Jong-Hoon , Ambroży Tadeusz , Rydzik Łukasz , Kasicki Krzysztof
Published: January 2024

Background: Religious faith and practice are important aspects of human life and give meaning to human existence. The development of modernity and consumerism has significantly undermined the religious foundations of a present-day global society. The aim of this study is to determine the relationships of the religious faith and practice of student youth and adults in Poland (Podkarpacie and Lesser Poland regions) and in western Ukraine (Lviv region) with the self-rated health status and their attitudes toward physical culture. Participants included 1,458 people from southeastern Poland and western Ukraine. The diagnostic survey method was used, with a questionnaire including items about faith in God versus atheism, religious affiliation, and the extent to which religion is practiced. The questionnaire contained 16 items in its main part, along with 7 record-related questions.
Results: The component of health that was rated highest was physical health among believers and mental health among non-believers. The results of the analysis of variance showed significant differences between the individual variables depending on the declaration of faith in God.
Conclusion: While the faith of the inhabitants of southeastern Poland and western Ukraine is largely related to their regular religious practice, irregularity dominates this practice. Respondents combined ratings of their faith and/or practice with self-rated health status; more religious people had statistically lower levels of self-rated health.
Cardioprotective effect of eugenol against Cd-induced inflammation, oxidative stress and dyslipidemia in male rats: An invivo and molecular docking study
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Sharma Bechan
Published: January 2024

Background
Cadmium, a highly toxic heavy metal, can cause severe damage to several vital organs including the kidney, liver and brain. Many of the natural compounds found in aromatic plants have beneficial pharmacological properties, Eugenol, is one such compound reported to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to examine the potential of eugenol in alleviating cardiac inflammation, oxidative stress and dyslipidemia caused by cadmium exposure.
Methods
Male albino rats were randomized into four groups with six animals in each group, to examine the role of eugenol in reversing cadmium toxicity. All groups received oral gavage treatment for 21 days. Afterwards, heart tissues were collected from the rats. Assessment of the cardiac antioxidant status was performed by analyzing the enzymatic activities of Catalase, SOD, GST and GPx. Levels of lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione, protein carbonyl oxidation, and thiol levels were determined in heart tissue. To evaluate cardiac damage, marker enzymes such as LDH and CK-MB were measured. Cadmium-induced cardiac inflammation was assessed by measuring NO, TNF-α and IL-6 levels. Docking and molecular dynamics studies were conducted using autodock and GLIDE.
Results
Cadmium administration markedly enhanced the activities of LDH and CK-MB, prominent cardiac markers. Furthermore, cadmium treatment also demonstrated a significant decrease in the reduced glutathione levels and antioxidant enzyme activities. Significant elevation of the inflammatory markers was also observed in the cadmium-treated group. Eugenol treatment effectively ameliorates cadmium-induced biochemical changes.
Conclusion
This study highlights eugenol’s strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Co-supplementation of eugenol with cadmium demonstrated its protective potential against cadmium-induced cardiotoxicity. Eugenol was able to restore the cellular redox system of cadmium-treated rats to normal control levels.
Helicobacter pylori and acne vulgaris: is there a relationship?
Authors: afify ahmed , Saleh Hanan Mohamed Ahmed , Farrag Abeer
Published: January 2024

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gastric Gram-negative, spiral-shaped microaerophilic pathogen. H. pylori may play a potential pathogenic role in extra-intestinal diseases such as hepatobiliary, respiratory, and dermatological disorders. The latter included chronic urticaria, psoriasis and rosacea. The first report in literature on the relationship between H. pylori and acne vulgaris (AV), found association between severe AV and H. pylori infection. There are very limited data in AV patients addressing the impact of H. pylori infection on various severities. In this context, the aim of the present work was to determine the association of H. Pylori infection among AV patients and correlate it with the disease severity.
Methods: This case-control study included 45 Patients with AV and 45 age and sex matched healthy volunteers as a control group. H. pylori antigen in stool and serum H. pylori antibody IgG using commercially available ELISA kits was tested in all included subjects.
Results: The percentage of participants with a positive H. pylori antigen in stool and positive H. pylori antibody in serum in the whole study population was 35/90 (38. 9%) and 41/90 (45. 6%). On comparing between the percentagesof positive H. pylori antigen in stool and positive H. pylori antibody in serum between the patients with AV and healthy controls, a highly statistically significant difference was found between the two groups (P<0.001, P=0.006). On comparing between the percentages of positive H. pylori antigen in stool and positive H. pylori antibody in serum in the patients with different grades of acne severity and healthy controls, the rate of positive H. pylori antigen in stool and positive H. pylori Ab in serum was significantly associated with severity of acne comparing with healthy controls (p<0. 001).
Conclusion: The rate of H. pylori infection in patients with AV is high so it may influence the pathogenesis of this skin disease. Patients with severe AV had higher rates of H. pylori antigen in stool and H. pylori antibody in serum as compared to the patients with mild AV and healthy controls.
A Variable Neighborhood Hybridizing for Better Ranking Models in Information Retrieval
Authors: Ibrahim Osman Ali Sadek
Published: January 2024

Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS) optimizes heuristic solutions for daily problems by adjusting neighboring solutions' systematic changes. This study uses two adaptations of VNS, utilizing four random probability distributions and tradition random number generator to fine-tune offspring solutions. The first generates solutions using a singular probability distribution, while the second perturbs each solution by randomly selecting a probability distribution for each mutation step size. The paper uses the two variants with the traditional variable neighborhood, combining variable neighborhood with gradient ascent and combining variable neighborhood with simulated annealing algorithms. From the obtained results, we can conclude that the second randomization method applied on combining variable neighborhood with a simulated annealing (VNARandom) method outperformed the other methods and recent research. In addition, this second randomization technique has a significant positive impact on the VNS methods for better evolving ranking models. Specifically, it has an improved impact on the recent GVN (combining Variable neighborhood with Gradient Ascent) method from the previous research studies. Although, it has a negative effectiveness impact on traditional VNS. This paper proposes novel VNS approaches as a contribution as well.
Nanobubble-Based Carbon Dioxide Massive Dissolution Using Friction Tubes and Real-Time Reaction
Authors: Yoo Taekeun , Yoo Young-Ho , Byun Suk-Joo , You A-Ram , Park Chang-Hee , Choi Dae-Hyun , Lee Woo-Seung
Published: January 2024

To prevent global warming, various technologies are being developed to suppress carbon dioxide emissions. Nanobubbles are useful in various industrial fields. Carbon dioxide capture technology was studied using the property of activating the reaction of nanobubbles. In this study, carbon dioxide capture was attempted using nanobubble generation tubes based on the friction principle. The world has paid attention to carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) to inhibit and reduce carbon dioxide emissions, which are known as the main cause of global warming. The problem is that the new process that utilizes carbon dioxide must consume less energy and resources than existing alternative processes. To address this problem, research was conducted on the possibility of dissolving carbon dioxide in large quantities at low power consumption using a nanobubble generation system and real-time chemical reactions in this study. In addition, a mass dissolution system was constructed, and real-time neutralization was verified through the reactions of nanobubble carbon dioxide with ammonia water (NH4OH) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) solution.
Celastrol can inhibit the growth of SHH medulloblastoma: In vitro and in vivo studies
Authors: 王 薄鸿 , 徐 道 , 余 丽生 , 秋 陈杰 , 赵 香毛 , 徐 赵 , 徐 尚宇 , 盛 汉松 , 晒黑 冯 , 张 努
Published: January 2024

Celastrol is a naturally occurring compound with a range of pharmacological properties derived from the traditional Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii. To develop a new therapeutic strategy for medulloblastoma (MB), this study will investigate the inhibitory effect of celastrol on MB and its underlying signaling pathway. We evaluated the effects of celastrol on cell proliferation using the CCK-8 assay and colony formation assay. Scratch assays and transwell invasion assays were used to assess the effects of celastrol on metastasis. The flow cytometry method was used to detect apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the cells. The potential signaling pathways were detected by transcriptomics and quantitative PCR. To study the anticancer effect of celastrol on MB in vivo using a mouse xenograft model. Cell proliferation and metastasis of the SHH subgroup MB cell line can be inhibited by celastrol, and the effect of the drug on apoptosis is associated with its proliferation inhibition effect. Animal experiments showed that celastrol inhibited the growth of MB in vivo. In addition, the pro-apoptotic effect of celastrol on ONS-76 cells may be caused by ROS. Our findings indicate that celastrol inhibits the progression of MB both in vitro and in vivo, and this effect is associated with the induction of ROS in cells by celastrol in vitro studies.
Capsaicin pretreatment attenuates salt-sensitive hypertension by alleviating AMPK/Akt/Nrf2 pathway in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus
Authors: Jia Xiu-Yue , Yang Yu , Jia Xiao-Tao , Jiang Da-Li , Fu Li-Yan , Tian Hua , Yang Xin-Yan , Zhao Xin-Yue , Liu Kai-Li , Kang Yu-Ming , Yu Xiao-Jing
Published: January 2024

Long term hypertension seriously affects target organ damage such as the brain, heart, and kidneys, and has become an increasingly serious public health problem worldwide. Capsaicin has been proven to improve blood pressure. However, whether capsaicin can reduce salt induced hypertension and the mechanism has yet to be elucidated. This study aimed to identify the AMPK/Akt/iNOS pathway in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) mediates capsaicin in improving the process of high salt induced hypertension. Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl S) rats were uesed as the animal model for the present study. All rats were randomly divided into four groups based on their dietary regimen (0.3% salt diet and 8% salt diet) and treatment methods. Chronic administration capsaicin to the PVN during the process of blood pressure rise in rats. The entire process lasted for 6 weeks. Our results demonstrated that PVN pretreatment with capsaicin can slow down the blood pressure elevation and heart rate (HR) of Dahl S hypertensive rats. Interestingly, The cardiac hypertrophy was significantly improved. Furthermore, PVN pretreatment with capsaicin induced decrease in mRNA expression of NOX2, Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), NOX4 and proinfammatory cytokines and increase in positive cell level of Nrf2, p-IKKβ, iNOS and HO-1 in the PVN of Dahl S hypertensive rats. Additionally, the protein expressions of phosphorylated adenosine Monophosphate-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (p-PI3K) and phosphorylated protein kinase-B (p-AKT) were attenuated after PVN pretreatment with capsaicin. Capsaicin pretreatment attenuates salt-sensitive hypertension by alleviating AMPK/Akt/iNOS pathway in the PVN.
Predicting promoters in multiple prokaryotes with Prompt
Authors: Du Qimeng , Guo Yixue , Zhang Junpeng , Lu Fuping , Peng Chong , Zhou Chichun
Published: January 2024

Promoters are important cis-regulatory elements for the regulation of gene expression, and their accurate predictions are crucial for elucidating the biological functions and potential mechanisms of genes. Many previous prokaryotic promoter prediction methods are encouraging in terms of the prediction performance, but most of them focus on the recognition of promoters in only one or a few bacterial species. Moreover, due to ignoring the promoter sequence motifs, the interpretability of predictions with existing methods is limited. In this work, we present a generalized method Prompt (Promoters in multiple prokaryotes) to predict promoters in 16 prokaryotes and improve the interpretability of prediction results. Prompt integrates three methods including RSK (Regression based on Selected K-mer), CL (Contrastive Learning) and MLP (Multilayer Perception), and employs a voting strategy to divides the datasets into high-confidence and low-confidence categories. Results on the promoter prediction tasks in 16 prokaryotes show that the accuracy (Accuracy, Matthews correlation coefficient.) of Prompt is greater than 80% in highly credible datasets of 16 prokaryotes, and is greater than 90% in 12 prokaryotes, and Prompt performs the best compared with other existing methods. Moreover, by identifying promoter sequence motifs, Prompt can improve the interpretability of the predictions. Prompt is freely available at https://github.com/duqimeng/PromptPrompt, and will contribute to the research of promoters in prokaryote.
Motivation:Promoters are important cis-regulatory elements for the regulation of gene expression, and their accurate predictions are crucial for elucidating the biological functions and potential mechanisms of genes. Many previous prokaryotic promoter prediction methods are encouraging in terms of the prediction performance, but most of them focus on the recognition of promoters in only one or a few bacterial species. Moreover, due to ignoring the promoter sequence motifs, the interpretability of predictions with existing methods is limited.
Results: Results on the promoter prediction tasks in 16 prokaryotes show that the accuracy (Accuracy, Matthews correlation coefficient.) of Prompt is greater than 80% in highly credible datasets of 16 prokaryotes, and isgreater than 90% in 12 prokaryotes, and PromptPrompt performs the best compared with other existing methods.
Availability:Moreover, by identifying promoter sequence motifs, PromptPrompt can improve the interpretability of the predictions. Prompt is freely available at https://github.com/duqimeng/PromptPrompt, and will contribute to the research of promoters in prokaryote.
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformaticsonline.
miR-595/Cldnd1 axis: a potential risk factor for bone loss in postmenopausal women with hip osteoporotic fracture
Authors: Jingyue Sun , Peixin Liu , Xiao Wang
Published: January 2024

Background Recently researches have reported that miRNA and its target genes are associated with osteoporosis. MiRNAs/mRNA axis might be an potential diagnostic marker for osteoporosis.
Purposes The aim of this study is to explore the potential miRNA and mRNA markers by bioinformatics method and clinical analysis.
Patients and Methods The miRNA expression profiles were obtained from GSE74209, GSE64433 and GSE115773 in Gene expression Omnibus (GEO). The mRNA expression profiles were obtained from GSE100609. Wayne intersection were used to explore the different expressed miRNAs (DE-miRs). Select the miRNA with the highest Fold Change for subsequent research. Screening of miRNA target genes using TargetScan and miRDB tools. GO and KEGG analyses of target genes (TGs) function were performed. Validate the selected TGs in the GSE100609. We collected female patients with femural intertrochanteric fractures from July 1, 2023 to October 31, 2023. Patient's bone marrow and clinical data were collected. MiRNA and the target mRNA differentially expressed in bone marrow were verified through RT-qPCR. All data were subjected to Shapiro-Wilk test. Using Pearson or Spearman test to detect the correlation between various indicators, and then incorporating indicators related to bone density into multiple linear regression equations. Partial correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the final indicators and bone density.
Results A total of 140 DE-miRs were identified between high bone density and low bone density women. Set the fold change to “>1” and ultimately include 5 miRNAs. Using miR-595 (highest |log2 FC|) as the subject of subsequent research. 3542 targeted mRNAs were predicted from TargetScan and 362 were from miRDB. 337 TGs were intersected, which were mainly enriched in nucleus. Only Cldnd1 were identified using the GSE100609 dataset. We found that miR-595 was highly expressed in patients with high bone mass, while its target gene Cldnd1 was downregulated. There was a strong collinearity between miR-595 and Cldnd1. Further multiple linear regression analysis showed a high correlation between miR-595 and bone density.
Conclusions These data suggest that Cldnd1 might be a downstream factor of miR-595. miR-595/Cldnd1 axis might be an independent risk factor for decreased bone mass.
A Systematic Review of the Role of PET-CT Imaging in the Assessment of Treatment Response and its Predictive Value for Survival Outcomes in Adult patients with Newly Diagnosed Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Comparison with Conventional Imaging Techniques
Authors: Kasireddy Smaran , Nirmal Simran , Kathal Rithik , Rahul Chidurala , Shridhar Rajasundaram
Published: January 2024

Objective: The purpose of this research is to assess how PET-CT compares to other imaging modalities in terms of predicting the prognosis of Hodgkin's Lymphoma.
Data Sources: We screened for papers published in English between 2019 and 2023 in the MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase databases.
Study Design: To enhance clinical decision-making, we discovered studies comparing the imaging modalities
Data Collection and Extraction Methods: We designed and verified organized search queries. To improve the inclusion and exclusion criteria, abstracts were evaluated iteratively. The included studies' bibliographies were manually searched as an addition to the search. To find the clinical trial protocol and published clinical trial findings, the search comprised a forward citation search of papers nested inside a clinical trial.
Principal Findings: This study consists of four retrospective studies, one multicentric prospective study, one observational study, two prospective studies, and one randomized control trial. A total of nine studies were included with a sample size of 2143. PET - CT has been shown to have a predictive value for prognosis and for markers of metastasis compared to other imaging modalities.
Conclusions: While PET-CT has shown to be the most predominant imaging modality for diagnosing and predicting the prognosis of Hodgkins Lymphoma, further more specific trials may be required in comparison to Bone marrow biopsy and the benefits it provides over PET- CT.
Glutathione peroxidase 4 suppresses manganese-dependent oxidative stress to reduce colorectal tumorigenesis.
Authors: Xue Xiang , Liu Zhaoli , Liang Yanshan , Kwon Young-Yon , Liu Rui , Martin David , Hui Sheng
Published: January 2024

The role of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) in ferroptosis and various cancers is well-established; however, its specific contribution to colorectal cancer has been unclear. Surprisingly, in a genetic mouse model of colon tumors, the deletion of GPX4 specifically in colon epithelial cells increased tumor burden but decreased oxidized glutathione. Notably, this specific GPX4 deletion did not enhance susceptibility to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice with varied iron diets but showed vulnerability in mice with a vitamin E-deficient diet. Additionally, a high manganese diet heightened susceptibility, while a low manganese diet reduced DSS-induced colitis in colon epithelial-specific GPX4-deficient mice. Strikingly, the low manganese diet also significantly reduced colorectal cancer formation in both colon epithelial-specific GPX4-deficient and wildtype mice. Mechanistically, antioxidant proteins, especially manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD or SOD2), correlated with disease severity. Treatment with tempol, a superoxide dismutase mimetic radical scavenger, suppressed GPX4 deficiency-induced colorectal tumors. In conclusion, the study elucidates the critical role of GPX4 in inhibiting colorectal cancer progression by regulating oxidative stress in a manganese-dependent manner. The findings underscore the intricate interactions between GPX4, dietary factors, and their collective influence on colorectal cancer development, providing potential insights for personalized therapeutic strategies.
Insights into Enhanced Thermal Performance: Visualizing Diverse Flow Patterns in Fe3O4/Water Pulsating Heat Pipes
Authors: Goshayeshi Hamid Reza , Mousavi Seyed Borhan , Heris Saeed Zeinali , Chaer Issa
Published: January 2024

This paper presents the outcomes of an experimental study employing flow visualization techniques to examine diverse flow patterns within closed-loop pulsating heat pipes (PHPs) utilizing Fe3O4/water as the working medium. A high-speed digital camera was employed to capture intricate flow patterns under various experimental conditions to gain a precise understanding of the operational mechanism of the PHP. The empirical findings demonstrated that in the evaporating segment of the PHP, the prominent flow pattern involved the oscillation of liquid slugs and vapor plugs, driven by the generation and expansion of bubbles through nucleate boiling. The results indicated a shift in the primary flow pattern of a closed-loop PHP employing Fe3O4/water. This transition progressed from a bubble flow accompanied by slug flow characteristics to an annular flow pattern. Additionally, the visualization study showed distinct flow patterns in the PHP’s evaporator, adiabatic, and condenser sections when Fe3O4/water was used with varying heat inputs. Notably, the oscillatory flow behavior of Fe3O4/water, the chosen working fluid, exhibited greater activity in comparison to water. This distinctive flow behavior contributed to achieving heightened thermal performance efficiency for the Fe3O4/water system, attributed to its faster attainment of the annular flow condition.
Replacing of Water by Buffalo Milk or Buffalo Whey in Production of Traditional Afyonkarahisar Velense Noodle
Authors: YALÇIN Seda , ÖZER Erdal , ÇELİK Tansu
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study is to produce velense noodle including buffalo milk, buffalo whey or water, evaluate their cooking and sensory properties and comparation of them. Velense noodle is a traditional product of Afyonkarahisar which is third gastronomy city of Turkey. Velense noodle is made from wheat flour, egg, salt and water. Water was replaced by buffalo milk and buffalo whey in the production of velense noodle. Because buffalo milk and buffalo whey have important components which give health benefits. So these new products will be more nutritional compared to traditional velense noodle. Cooking time, swelling volume, weight increase and cooking loss values of velense noodles were determined. The hedonic score of surface properties, chewiness properties, post chewining mouth feel properties, taste and overall acceptability were tested. The cooking time of all samples was 12 min. Velense noodle including buffalo milk or buffalo whey had better cooking properties means lower cooking loss and higher sensory scores than those of velense noodle including water. Velense noodle including buffalo milk had the best cooking and sensory properties. Swelling volume, weight increase and cooking loss of this velense noodle were 240%, 190% and 5.90%, while overall acceptability was 4.5 scores.
Gastronomi Rotaları ve Önemi: Afyonkarahisar Örneği (Gastronomic Routes and Their Significance: The Example of Afyonkarahisar)
Authors: MUTLU Hülya , SANDIKCI Mustafa
Published: January 2024

Gastronomi rotaları, bir destinasyondaki gastronomi turizminin gelişimi açısından önemli bir kaynaktır. Bu kapsamda araştırmanın amacını Afyonkarahisar’da gastronomi rotalarının belirlenmesi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniğinden yararlanılmış olup 18 kamu kurumu temsilcisi, 288 köy muhtarı ve yerel halktan 51 kişi ile görüşülmüştür. Bölgedeki gıda işletmeleri ve gastronomi değerlerini belirlemek amacıyla ilk önce yerel yönetim sorumluları ile görüşme yapılmıştır. İkinci aşamada köy muhtarları ve yerel halk ile görüşürülerek belde ya da köyün meşhur gıda ürünü ile ilgili sorular yöneltilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda 151 yerleşim yeri gastronomi rotasında yer almak üzere araştırma kapsamına dâhil edilmiştir. Bilgisayar ortamına aktarılan veriler coğrafi bilgi sistemlerinde kullanılan ArcGIS programında sayısallaştırılarak girişleri yapılmıştır. Elde edilen verilere dayanarak 8 üretim tesisi rotası ve 13 gastronomi ürünü rotası belirlenmiştir. Afyonkarahisar ilçe ve köylerinin keşfedilmeyi bekleyen zengin gastronomi değerleri olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Küreselleşme ve Mutfak: Uluslararası Mutfaklar Üzerine Bibliyometrik Bir İnceleme (Globalization and Cuisine: A Bibliometric Study on International Cuisines)
Authors: ÖZATA ŞAHİN Esra
Published: January 2024

Bu çalışma, uluslararası mutfaklara yönelik yapılan çalışmaları incelemeyi ve durum tespiti yapmayı amaçlamaktadır. Küreselleşme, iletişim ve ulaşım teknolojilerinin gelişmesiyle birlikte kültürler arası etkileşimi artırmıştır. Bu süreç, birçok alanda olduğu gibi mutfak kültürünü de derinden etkilemiştir. Mutfak kültürü, insanların birbirleriyle etkileşime girdiği, kültürel alışverişin gerçekleştiği bir alandır. Uluslararası mutfaklar ise kültürler arası köprü inşa etmektedir. Dünya mutfaklarının bu denli önemli roller üstlenmiş olması akademik yazımda bu önemin ne derece yankı uyandırdığı merak konusu oluşturmuş ve araştırmanın amacı kapsamında Web of Science veri tabanından elde edilen veriler ışığında VOSvieewer programı aracılığıyla bibliyometrik bir analiz yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada 1993-2022 yılları arasında yayınlanmış toplam 624 makale incelenmiştir. Uluslararası mutfaklarla ilgili en fazla eser veren isimler Perez-Llorens, Jose Lucas, Charles Spence ve Tomas Lopez-Guzman şeklindedir. Yıllara göre dağılım incelendiğinde sırasıyla en çok makale 2021 (87 makale), 2020 (75 makale) ve 2022 (74 makale) olmuştur. Uluslararası mutfaklar ile ilgili en sık kullanılan anahtar sözcükler ise 8 tekrar ile “haute cuisine”, 6 tekrar ile “gastronomy” ve 4 tekrar ile “cuisine” olmuştur.