bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Are tax rates still decisive in FDI investment choice or what drives sectoral FDI nowadays? *
Authors: Ianc Nicolae-Bogdan
Published: April 2023

We explore the eects of eective taxation and institutional quality on sec-toral FDI. Our analysis comprises European countries and we use data from 2002 to 2020. We employ a GMM approach and show that a rise in apparent taxation and tax dierential reduces sectoral FDI ow while soaring tax dierential increases FDI stock. Among the institutional variables, tertiary enrollment attracts FDI and secondary attainment has opposite results depending on the sectoral FDI. Our ndings indicate that government should lower taxation for more FDI ows and strengthen tertiary and secondary enrollment.
Comprehensive Analysis of Android Malware detection through Semi-supervised Autoencoder models
Authors: Firoz Neda , Firoz Abdullah Bin , Tahsin Mohammad Sadman
Published: April 2023

Recent years have seen a rapid proliferation of malicious software on mobile devices, notably repackaged Android malware. Grasping Android malware detection via vibrant analysis will provide a thorough read, but we must also establish a connection between the app's features and the elements required to fulfill the category's functionality. In this work, we propose a novel method of detecting malwares. This model is a part of semi-supervised learning. We employed autoencoder training features from noisy input. They generate clusters of malicious predictions utilizing the reconstruction error and helped in dimensionality reduction of the large feature set. The newly reconstructed input features are then fed to the machine learning model and Deep learning models for supervised prediction. Later, we contrast their performance based on performance metrics and accuracy. Three datasets were chosen for this experiment to assess the execution and operation of the proposed model. There were two labels in the ‘class’ attribute such as ‘0’ as Benign and ‘1’ as Malicious. The proposed model achieved superior accuracy and can deliver promising results.
The effectiveness of a program on home environmental management for fall prevention in older adults, lower northern Thailand
Authors: author Archin Songthap (Corresponding , Suphunnakul Pattama , Rakprasit Jutarat
Published: April 2023

This quasi-experimental research proposed to assess the effectiveness of a program on home environmental management for fall prevention in older adults, lower northern Thailand. Eighty samples were purposively selected and classified into two groups, experimental and control groups. A questionnaire was employed for data collection. The results indicated that after intervention, knowledge about home environmental management, social support, home environmental management, and proportion of falls in the experimental group were significantly different from before intervention and the control group. The program on home environmental management was effective to prevent falls in older adults. Therefore, healthcare providers, caregivers, village health volunteers, and relatives of the older adults should apply this program as a guideline to prevent falls and its consequence in the target group.
Plasma metabolism-related biomarkers enable non-invasive precision detection and individualized treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Shan Junqi , Zhao Ningning , Zhou Changchun , You Bowen , Yao Yao , Sun Yanlai
Published: April 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most deadly malignancies worldwide, especially metastatic CRC (mCRC), whose diagnosis and therapy are limited. Here, the targeted metabolomes of patients with CRC and mCRC were analyzed to explore new biomarkers and treatment strategies. First, plasma was collected from patients with CRC (n = 50) and mCRC (n = 50). Serum metabolites of amino acids, bile acids, and fatty acids were detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Subsequently, 60 CRC and mCRC were randomly selected as the training set. A total of 27 amino acids, nine bile acids, and 16 amino acids were detected, among which 13 metabolites were significantly different. KEGG functional analysis showed that these differential metabolites play an essential role in the metabolism of fatty and bile acids. ROC analysis showed that CRC and mCRC could be well discriminated by 13 different metabolic indices, among which the sensitivity and specificity of the single index C18:2 were 0.833 and 0.800. To identify these markers, 40 CRC and mCRC patients were used as validation sets. The identification results of GCA, C17:0, and C18:2 were consistent with previous results. The AUC of GCA, C17:0, combined with C18:2, can reach 0.86, much higher than the traditional index CEA (0.70) and CA19.9 (0.80).Furthermore, Pearson analysis showed a significant correlation between GCA and CA19.9. Twenty-five mCRC patients were selected, and the AUC of GCA, CEA, and CA19.9 were 0.74, 0.74, and 0.70, respectively. In addition, the AUC of GCA and CEA combined with CA19.9 was significantly increased to 0.87. Taken together, our study showed that GCA, C17:0, in combination with C18:2, is superior to the clinical classic in differentiating CRC and mCRC. At the same time, GCA, in combination with CEA and CA19.9, can significantly improve the diagnosis of mCRC with liver metastases. This study is expected to provide new indicators for the diagnosis of mCRC and new strategies for the treatment of mCRC.
The Pass-Through of Temporary VAT Rate Cuts: Evidence from German Supermarket Retail
Authors: Fuest Clemens , Neumeier Florian , Stöhlker Daniel
Published: April 2023

We study the price effects of a temporary VAT reduction in Germany using a web-scraped data set of daily prices of more than 60 000 supermarket products. For causal identification , we compare the development of German prices to those in Austria. We find that the reduction of VAT rates led to a price decrease of 1.3%, implying that 70% of the tax cut were passed on to consumers. Moreover, the pass-through is higher for vertically integrated products (private label) than for independent brands. This is consistent with menu cost theories and theories predicting that price markups act as a buffer for cost shocks.
JEL Classification: E31, H22, H25.
Electromagnetic shielding and fire-retardant wood obtained by in situ aniline polymerization
Authors: Ba Zhichen , Liang Daxin , Xiao Zefang , Wang Yonggui , Wang Haigang , Xie Yanjun
Published: April 2023

In living spaces where wood has been used as a construction and decorative material, reducing the electromagnetic pollution and fire risk is important. Herein, wood was treated in situ with aniline, and the effects of the treatment on its electromagnetic shielding and fire retardant performance were investigated. The in situ polymerization and deposition of polyaniline particles in the wood cell walls induced the treated wood with enhanced conductivity with porous wood structures, which could improve the microwave absorption. The results indicated that the electromagnetic shielding efficiency increases with the decrease of wood density and the increase of porosity, and the specific electromagnetic shielding efficiency up to 65.8 dB cm-3 g-1 on the cross sections of treated wood. Furthermore, the total heat release and smoke production decreased by 43.6% and 64.2%, respectively. The wood char mass increased by 53.9%. The results demonstrated that polyaniline-treated wood with bifunctional features could serve as a promising candidate in this field.
Analysis of SOX gene family expression and prognostic significance in lung adenocarcinoma based on tumor databases
Authors: Chen Qingquan , Hu Yiming , Lu Haibin , Hu Jiayi , Huang Zhimin , Shi Jianfeng , Zeng Yifu , Li Jiaxin , Zhang Yixiang , Zhu Yong
Published: April 2023

Objective To analyze the expression of the SOX gene family in lung adenocarcinoma and its impact on the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients using tumor databases. Methods The cBioPortal database was used to retrieve and analyze the mutation frequencies and variants of 10 genes in the SOX gene family in lung adenocarcinoma tissues. Using clinical information from the Kaplan-Meier plotter database, the potential prognostic values of 10 genes in the SOX gene family in lung adenocarcinoma patients were further explored. The UALCAN database and TCGA database were used to obtain the expression of methylation of SOX gene family members and compare the mRNA expression of 10 genes in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and paracancerous tissues, respectively. The miRCancer database was intersected with miRTarBase, ENCORI, and miRWalk databases to find the lung adenocarcinoma-related miRNAs that regulate the SOX gene family. Results Most members in the SOX gene family had expansion mutation, but SOX15 had a deletion mutation. The expressions of SOX8 and SOX17 genes were upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma patients (HR < 1, log-rank P < 0.05), which was beneficial to their prognosis. In addition, SOX3, SOX5, SOX6, SO12, SOX14, SOX15, SOX18 and SRY genes were all significantly downregulated in lung adenocarcinoma patients (HR > 1, log-rank P < 0.05), suggesting that their high expression was associated with poor prognosis. The expressions of SOX5, SOX6, SOX12, SOX17, SOX18 and SRY in lung adenocarcinoma tissues were lower than those in paraneoplastic tissues (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of the SOX15 gene in lung adenocarcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in paracancerous tissues (P < 0.05). Moreover, SOX3, SOX5, SOX8, SOX14, SOX17 and SOX18 showed hypermethylation, while SOX15 and SRY showed hypomethylation in lung adenocarcinoma tissues, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The low expressions of SOX5, SOX17, and SOX18 were correlated with their promoter region hypermethylation, suggesting that their methylation may also play a role in the occurrence and development of lung adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, hsa-miR-1-3p and miR-499a-5p were positively correlated with SOX5 (r = 0.272,p = 3.87x10− 10) and SOX6 (r = 0.109,p = 1.34x10− 2), respectively. Conclusion The SOX gene family is closely implicated in the onset and progression of lung adenocarcinoma, of which most members can be used as prognostic marker genes for tumor patients.
Lipoma; A Common Neoplasm
Authors: Tabatabaei Seyed Amirhossein Dormiani
Published: April 2023

Objective
In this essay, the manifestations, possible etiologies, diagnostic approachs, treatment methods and complications of lipomas are reviewed.
Methods
A thorough review of the literature is conducted, a series of 12 patients are outlined and briefly examined.
Results
Lipomas may present as asymptomatic tumors or produce distressing signs and symptoms such as pain, swelling and overgrowth. Some lipomas may be identified by physical examination alone. However, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the conclusive method of evaluation especially in deeper lesions.
Conclusions
In the absence of concerning indications or cosmetic concerns, observation stays the standard of care. When pain, itching, compression symptoms or disfigurement impress the patient, surgical removal and pathology assessment are typically recommended. Malignant transformation rarely occurs.
Replication stress causes delayed mitotic entry and Chromosome 12 fragility at the ANKS1B large neuronal gene in human induced pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Kislova Anastasiia V , Zheglo Diana , Pozhitnova Victoria O , Sviridov Philipp S , Gadzhieva Elmira P , Voronina Ekaterina S
Published: April 2023

Substantial background level of replication stress is a feature of embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which can predispose to numerical and structural chromosomal instability, including recurrent aberrations of Chromosome 12. In differentiated cells, replication stress-sensitive genomic regions, including common fragile sites, are widely mapped through mitotic chromosome break induction by mild Aphidicolin treatment, an inhibitor of replicative polymerases. IPSCs exhibit lower apoptotic threshold and higher repair capacity hindering fragile site mapping. Caffeine potentiates genotoxic effects and abrogates G2/M checkpoint delay induced by chemical and physical mutagens. Using 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) for replication labeling, we characterized the mitotic entry dynamics of asynchronous iPSCs exposed to Aphidicolin and/or Caffeine. Under the adjusted timing of replication stress exposure accounting revealed cell cycle delay, higher metaphase chromosome breakage rate was observed in iPSCs compared to primary lymphocytes. Using differential chromosome staining and subsequent locus-specific fluorescent in situ hybridization, we mapped the FRA12L fragile site spanning the large neuronal ANKS1B gene at 12q23.1, which may contribute to recurrent Chromosome 12 missegregation and rearrangements in iPSCs. Publicly available data on the ANKS1B genetic alterations and their possible functional impact are reviewed. Our study provides the first evidence of common fragile site induction in iPSCs and reveals potential somatic instability of a clinically relevant gene during early human development and in vitro cell expansion.
A Sequential “Top-Down” and “Retro Mesenteric Caudo-cranial Superior Mesenteric Artery Approach” for Posteriorly Located Locally Advanced Pancreatic Head Cancers
Authors: Parray Amir M , CHAUDHARI VIKRAM A , Shrikhande Shailesh V , Bhandare Manish S.
Published: April 2023

Purpose: We present a novel surgical strategy with a “Top-Down approach”, followed by “Retro mesenteric caudocranial SMA 1st approach” in posteriorly placed locally advanced pancreatic head cancer with combined SMA/SMV (Superior mesenteric vein) involvement along with invasion of Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) (Case details in Video 1).
Methods & Results: The surgical strategy included Cattell Braasch manoeuvre followed by early pancreatic neck transection. In cases with combined SMA and SMV involvement, often SMV resection and anastomosis is required first before dealing with SMA involvement, depending on the extent and location of vascular involvement. The purpose is dual; to minimize the venous clamp duration and to get a good access for SMA dissection and clearance of the triangle area. Then the SMA is approached from retro mesenteric area and caudocranial SMA divestment was performed, as the SMA wall was uninvolved. Finally, the involved anterior wall of IVC was resected en bloc and the IVC defect was reconstructed by peritoneal patch.
Unlike the conventional methods, retro mesenteric approach allows dissection from the dorsal and peripheral sides of the SMA, allowing direct access to the jejunal branches and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries from the caudal aspect of SMA. It also allows adequate dissection of peripancreatic and para-aortic nodes along with peripancreatic nerve plexus resection and peri-arterial divestment of SMA in locally advanced tumours. This approach also provides optimal access to the retroperitoneum allowing for posterior mesopancreatic dissection. (2-4)
Conclusion: The sequential approach addresses the multilevel vascular involvement in sequential manner and allows for a margin negative resection, minimal tumour handling and less blood loss in a difficult scenario. (Videos 1 & 2)
Two-sided estimate of effective thermal conductivity coefficients of a textured composite with anisotropic ellipsoidal inclusions
Authors: Zarubin V.S. , Zimin V.N. , Kuvyrkin G.N. , Savelyeva I.Yu. , Novozhylova O.V.
Published: April 2023

Based on the developed mathematical model of the heat energy transfer in a composite with anisotropic inclusions having a shape of triaxial ellipsoids, the method of calculation of two-sided estimates for components of the effective thermal conductivity tensor of the textured composite is proposed. This technique uses the dual variational formulation of the problem of stationary thermal conductivity in an inhomogeneous body. A case of anisotropic inclusions having the shape of triaxial ellipsoids that main axes of the thermal conductivity tensor coincide with their axes is considered. An example of calculation of two-sided estimates for a conical texture of the composite is given. The results obtained can be used to estimate the possible error in prediction of the effective thermal conductivity coefficients for composites modified with nanostructural elements (including carbon nanotubes).
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). Primary 80M30; Secondary 74E25
Assessing the Fatigue Life of CFRP Post-Strengthened RC Elements
Authors: MENEGHETTI Leila Cristina , GARCEZ Mônica Regina
Published: April 2023

Upgrading historic structures is one of the most interesting applications of FRP in construction. The possibility to preserve construction technology and original structural conception after an intervention makes the use of FRP an interesting alternative for historic structures. Among these structures, historic bridges are frequently post-strengthened to increase load carrying capacity of structural elements, aiming to bear heavier commercial traffic. In such applications, the fatigue life tends to increase; however, this performance is not fully addressed, which can restrain the effective utilization of FRP in historic structures. Fatigue life becomes a crucial question since the lack of data regarding FRP post-strengthened elements leads to superficial analysis that considers the same S-N curves for different FRP systems and stress ranges, for example, besides other issues. Aiming to improve the fatigue life assessment of RC beams strengthened with FRP, this paper aims to adjust specific S-N curves for different FRP systems and techniques. An extensive database, with experimental data gathered from the literature, has been used to adjust linear regression models to characterize the large scatter between the results of fatigue tests from different sources. Distinct fatigue models have been developed considering three post-strengthening categories: externally bonded reinforcement with FRP strips/sheets and NSMR. Different declivities have been found for the adjusted fatigue life models, highlighting specific aspects of each category. The declivity of the fatigue curves accurately represents the fatigue behavior of FRP-strengthened RC beams and can be used to support proper post-strengthening design to avoid future unnecessary interventions. This paper also presents some real examples of FRP strengthening historic bridges around the globe.
A case report and literature review of McCune–Albright syndrome with SLE
Authors: yan haibo , li yumei , li jingwei
Published: April 2023

Backgroud: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease involving multiple systems with various clinical manifestations. Renal involvement is common, neurological complications can also occur in lupus, such as cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, cerebral embolism, etc.But McCune–Albright syndrome with SLE is rare.We report a case to Improve the understanding of diseases and accumulate clinical experience.
Case presentation: A 9.5-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital due to sudden slurred speech and inability to move her left limb for 6 hours. Emergency head CT showed that a round high-density shadow was seen in the right basal ganglia, the largest layer was about 2.2cmx2.4cm. Blood routine: hemoglobin 67g/L, platelets 2×109/L, surgery cannot be performed, and conservative treatment can only be performed. ANA series: particle type 1:320 positive, anti-SSA-52/Ro52+; Urine occult blood 3+, urine protein 3+; anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibody 42RU/ml. Abdominal CT: a small amount of fluid in the abdominal cavity. Lung CT: scattered inflammation in the left lung and right lower lobe. A small amount of pleural effusion bilaterally.One year ago, the child was admitted to our hospital due to intermittent skin bruising for 2 months. The blood routine showed that the platelets were 5×109/L. During the year, the patient's platelets were in single digits,her parents did not give treatment.The patient was diagnosed with "McCune–Albright syndrome" in the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism in our hospital 8 years ago, and was treated with oral "tamoxifen", but the drug has been discontinued for 2 years. MRV: The left transverse sinus is not shown, and the left internal jugular vein and sigmoid sinus are slender. After admission, patients were treated with Respiratory support,hormone shock, immunosuppressant, dehydration and intracranial pressure reduction, platelet transfusion, rehabilitation, etc.After the rehabilitation treatment, the child was conscious and could communicate easily, but the lower limbs could not be straightened.
Conclusion: SLE can involve multiple systems and various complications. McCune–Albright syndrome with SLE is rare. Early diagnosis and treatment are key to improving the prognosis of children.
Vibro-impact damper dynamics depending on system parameters
Authors: Lizunov Petro P. , Pogorelova Olga , Postnikova Tetiana
Published: April 2023

Purpose
The considered vibro-impact damper corresponds to the scheme of single-sided vibro-impact nonlinear energy sink (SSVI NES). Although the vibration engineering has been studying the problem of mitigation the undesirable vibrations for many years, it remains relevant today. The dynamic behavior and efficiency of many different NES types are strongly dependent on system parameters and initial conditions. The present research aims to show the rich complex dynamics of vibro-impact damper with optimized parameters and its effectiveness when changing parameters both its own and periodic exciting force.
Methods
We assume that an impact has a finite duration and simulate it using nonlinear Hertz contact force. The direct numerical integration of stiff differential motion equations is carried out using the software Octave. The optimization of the damper parameters is performed by the Octave and MatLab solvers. We analyze the displacements and velocities time histories, the phase trajectories, the topological structure of numerical Poincaré maps, the contact forces graphs for the oscillatory regimes diagnostics.
Results
Two dampers versions with optimized parameters mitigate the primary structure vibrations; the absorber with a larger mass reduces them more strongly. The system motion with a lighter damper is almost periodic with rare bursts of irregular movement, but the system motion with a heavier damper is essentially irregular with complex dynamics. The vibrations mitigation occurs in a wide range of the exciting force amplitudes, but in the range of its frequencies only above the resonant one; the damper presence shifts the resonant peak.
Conclusions
The efficiency of SSVI NES with optimized parameters is demonstrated when changing the exciting force parameters. The parameters ranges where the vibrations mitigation occurs are shown. The results of damper parameters optimization may be ambiguous and should be checked and analyzed. They can determine such parameters values that provide good vibrations reduction, but create irregular motion regimes with complex dynamics; this should be taken into account when designing a SSVI NES.
Synthesis and Characterization of Mesoporous SBA-15 Using Different Dispersing Agents
Authors: saber Yousra , Hussien Hussien
Published: April 2023

Spherical mesoporous SBA-15 with a high surface area was successfully synthesized using hydrothermal method. Pluronic p123 triblock co-polymer was utilized as a directing agent, sodium silicate prepared from Iraqi silica sand was considered a silica precursor, and (1–3) g of different dispersing agents of PVA, PVP, and SDS were applied. The prepared SBA-15 characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), atomic force microscope (AFM), nitrogen adsorption desorption using Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The X-ray diffraction pattern indicated to pure SBA-15 single peak at (2Ɵ= 20–250), and FTIR spectroscopy represented the main functional groups of (Si = O), (Si-O-Si), and (Si-OH). The dispersing agents influenced the surface area ranging from 349 to 871 cm2/g, pore volume from 0.17 to 0.43 cm3/g, and the pore size from 2 to 2.5 nm. The highest surface area, and pore volume were obtained using 2g of PVP dispersing agent. The deformation of the spherical morphology of SBA-15 particles occurred beyond the addition of 1g of dispersing agents.
New data on Carboniferous plants of the Rostov-on-Don Region (Russia)
Authors: Naugolnykh S. V. , Linkevich V. V.
Published: April 2023

The paper contains a review of the higher plant fossils collected from the Middle Carboniferous deposits of two localities disposed in the Rostov-on-Don Region. The collection includes fossils of arborescent lycopodiopsids Lepidodendron cf. aculeatum Sternberg, Sigillaria scutellata Brongniart, sphenophytes Calamites spp. and trigonocarpalean (medullosalean) pteridosperms Alethopteris lonchitica (Schlotheim) Goeppert, A. decurrens (Artis) Zeiller, Neuropteris heterophylla Brongniart, Mixoneura cf. beraliana Zalessky. The taxonomic composition of the studied floristic assemblage indicates that the original hydrophilic/anthracophilic vegetation grew in conditions of wet and warm (humid) climate. The representativeness and museum attractiveness of the collected specimens make it possible to use them effectively in educational projects, as well as for didactic purposes and museum exhibitions.
Taxocene of polychaeta of the Laspi Bay water area (the Crimea, Black Sea)
Authors: Kopiy Vera G.
Published: April 2023

The coastal zone of Laspi Bay (the Crimea, Black Sea) is attractive for the development of recreational activities. It can negatively affect the state of the bay ecosystem and adjacent waters. The aim of this study is to assess the current state of polychaetes inhabiting the loose soils of the littoral and sublittoral areas of Laspi Bay. In 2016–2019 the fauna of polychaetes was studied in the waters of Laspi Bay. Macrozoobenthos were collected on cruises 84, 86, 96, 108 aboard the research vessel Professor Vodyanitsky and in coastal expeditions. 89 samples were taken (19 deep-water, 70 coastal). 45 species of polychaetes were identified. The average abundance of Polychaeta was 2 368 ± 467 ind./m2. The average biomass was 44,128 ± 13,919 g/m2. Terebellides stroemii makes a significant contribution to the formation of these indicators. The ranked series by density index is headed by T. stroemii, Nephtys hombergii and Melinna palmata. The largest abundance of species is noted at a depth of 46 m where the soil is represented by sand and pebbles. The highest number is noted at depths of 93.5–98 m. Prionospio сirrifera makes the main contribution to the total number. The highest biomass is noted at depths of 53.5–58 m. T. stroemii makes the main contribution to the total biomass. In the Laspi Bay waters are recorded characteristic species – P. сirrifera and Micronephthys longicornis. They are found both in shallow waters and at great depths. Rare species found only at one station include 18 polychaete species. The results obtained give an idea of the taxonomic composition of polychaete worms in the waters of Laspi Bay and can be useful for further monitoring of this area.
Experimental evaluation of toxic resistance of benthic microalgae Thalassiosira excentrica Cleve 1903 (Bacillariophyta) under the copper ions impact
Authors: Petrov A. N. , Nevrova E. L.
Published: April 2023

With an increase in anthropogenic pressure on the ecosystem of the coastal zones of the sea, the relevance of assessing the state of plankton and benthos communities also increases. In the course of the study, the dynamics of the number of cells of the clone culture Thalassiosira excentrica Cleve 1903 (Bacillariophyta) has been determined under the influence of CuSO4·5H2O of various concentrations (32–1024 µg·L–1) under the conditions of 10-day experiments. In the control and at a low concentration of Cu2+, the proportion of living cells remains almost unchanged. The threshold concentration of copper ions for the survival of T. excentrica is 128 µg·L–1. At higher concentrations of Cu2+ (256–1024 µg·L–1), a sharp inhibition and death of the culture has been noted already within 1–3 days. The increase in the absolute number of cells at low concentrations of copper (32–64 µg·L–1) is described by the sigmoid response curve of the test-object. The growth values increase by 4–8 times on the 1st–5th day and decrease by 25–30 % by the 10th day. At Cu2+ concentrations of 128–256 µg·L–1, there is no positive increase in the number of cells on days 1–5; on subsequent days, it decreases by 2 times or drops to zero. The intensity of the specific cell growth significantly decreases depending on the increase in the concentration of the toxicant. It has been found that on days 1–5, the specific increase is positive in the range of copper concentrations of 32–128 µg·L–1 and negative – at concentrations of 256 µg·L–1 and higher. In the period of 5–10 days, for all concentrations of the toxicant, the values of the specific increase are negative. The obtained results make it possible to recommend T. excentrica as a promising test object for toxicological experiments.
Melbourne's Suburban Landscapes: Administering Population and Employment Growth
Authors: Phelps Nicholas A. , Buxton Michael , Nichols David
Published: April 2023

As recently as fifty years ago, Melbourne's new suburban communities were constructed with unpaved roads and lacked many basic services. Today they often come not just with roads but virtually complete with most of the facilities and amenities needed on a daily basis. Yet architectural,
planning and design professionals remain uneasy about the design and the environmental, social, and economic sustainability of the newest suburbs built in some instances up to 60 kilometres from the central business district. We locate this unease in the systemic nature of the planning and
building of these new communities by an enormous public–private industry complex. Melbourne's outer suburbs could be thought to be administered rather than planned.
Water treatment membranes embedded with a stable and bactericidal nanodiamond material
Authors: Colon Abelardo , Avalos Javier , Weiner Brad R. , Morell Gerardo , Ríos Rafael
Published: April 2023

Filtration has emerged as a critical technology to reduce waterborne diseases caused by poor water quality. Filtration technology presents key challenges, such as membrane selectivity, permeability and biofouling. Nanomaterials can offer solutions to these challenges by varying the membranes' mechanical and bactericidal properties. This research uses nanodiamond particles with facile surface functionality and biocompatibility properties that are added to membranes used for filtration treatments. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were performed to study the membrane surface. FTIR spectra confirms an increase in oxygen functional groups onto the ultradispersed diamond's (UDD) surface following acid treatment. SEM images show particle deagglomeration of functionalized UDD at the membrane surface. Tensile strength tests were done to measure the UDD mechanical properties and Coliscan membrane filtration characterization was performed to determine the filter effectiveness. Polyether sulfone (PES) and polyvinylidene (PVDF) membranes expressed a change in their yield point when UDD was incorporated into the porous matrix. A significant microorganism reduction was obtained and confirmed using t-test analysis at a 95% level of confidence. UDD-embedded membranes exhibit a significant bactericidal reduction compared to commercial membranes suggesting these membranes have the potential to enhance current membrane filtration systems.
Bursalı Ali Münşî'nin gizemli adası ve Risâle-i Fevâid-i Nârcîl-i Bahrî*
Authors: TOPÇU İbrahim , KAÇ Beyzanur
Published: April 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, 18. yüzyılın önemli hekimlerinden ve Tıbb-ı Cedid akımının temsilcilerinden olan Bursalı Ali Münşî’nin “Risâle-i Fevâid-i Nârcîl-i Bahrî” adlı eserini günümüz Türkçesine transkripte ederek tanıtmak ve Tıbb-ı Cedid bağlamında risaleyi irdelemek amaçlanmaktadır.

Yöntemler: Eserin iki nüshası bulunmaktadır. Transkripsiyon Fatih Ali Emiri Kütüphanesi’nde 278-4 numarayla kayıtlı bulunan nüsha esas alınarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ancak İstanbul Üniversitesi nüshası da transkripsiyon esnasında mukayeseli bir şekilde okunmuş ve iki nüsha arasındaki farklılıklar dipnotlarda belirtilmiştir. Ayrıca risalede yer alan Arapça kısım da Türkçeye tercüme edilmiştir.

Bulgular: Eserde Ali Münşî’nin nârcîl-i bahrî isimli bitkinin yetiştiği yerin coğrafi konumunu, özelliklerini, o bölgeye dair çeşitli gizemli rivayetleri anlattığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca bitkinin şekli ve kıymetine dair ifadelere de yer verildiği görülmüştür.

Sonuç: Bursalı Ali Münşî’nin önemli monografilerinden biri olan bu risalede hekimin, nârcîl-i bahrînin yetiştiği yerle ilgili birtakım bilgilerinin olduğu anlaşılmakla birlikte bitkinin tıbbi açıdan önemine dair herhangi bir malumata yer vermediği görülmüştür. Ayrıca her ne kadar doğru olmadığı ifade edilse de risalede nârcîl-i bahrînin yetiştiği yerin yeni dünyanın keşfiyle bilindiğine dair rivayete yer verilmesi Tıbb-ı Cedid döneminin izlerini göstermesi bakımından önemlidir. Yine de hem Tıbb-ı Cedid dönemini daha iyi anlamak, hem bitkinin tıbbi kullanımına dair malumat edinmek, hem de bu eserle yazarının hekim kimliği arasındaki ilişkiyi kavrayabilmek için Ali Münşî’nin tüm eserlerinin dikkatlice incelenmesi gerektiği anlaşılmıştır.
Investigating Demotivating Factors in Learning English for Specific Purposes at a Higher Education Institution
Authors: Giang Nguyen Dang , Tuan Van Vu , Minh Binh Nguyen La
Published: April 2023

Introduction. The countries using English as a foreign language have invested many efforts to improve the effectiveness of English teaching and learning for the communicative purposes. Currently, English for specific purposes (ESP) have been integrated and categorized in the programs at the tertiary level in Vietnam. The aim of the present study is to determine four major demotivating factors affecting Vietnamese tertiary students’ ESP competence to meet the requirements of their future jobs. Methods. A mixed-methods approach was employed at a higher education institution to ascertain the liability of the findings. Particularly, the study involved 357 tertiary students participating in the survey questionnaire, 14 teachers of English and 85 students took part in semi-structured interviews. The researcher-made instruments met the high range of Cronbach confidence level (α = 0.76 – 0.95). Results. The results indicate that students have a high motivation in learning ESP for their prospective careers; however, they have disappointed feelings about the teacher-related factors, infrastructure-related factors, and university/faculty-related factors according to the outcomes from the student survey questionnaires. Besides, the findings from teachers’ and student semi-structured interviews also assert that ESP language teaching and learning does not match their expectations. Discussion. It is implied that this research results might be beneficial for school administrators to formulate ESP supportive policies, for teachers to change their pedagogical methodology, and for students to develop their learner autonomy in ESP acquisition.
Структура мотивации молодых людей и их социальная активность в усложняющихся условиях функционирования общества
Authors: Шаров Алексей А.
Published: April 2023

Введение. Социальная активность молодых людей в реальной и виртуальной среде сегодня претерпевает значительные изменения, поскольку усложняются условия функционирования социальной среды, что связано с рядом оказывающих влияние на социальные условия факторов, в частности, пандемической ситуации, проведением специальной военной операции. Целью исследования является выделение и описание структуры мотивации и социальной активности молодых людей в усложняющихся условиях функционирования социальной среды. Впервые выявлены взаимосвязи мотивов и видов активности, выделены новые формы социальной активности, представлены укрупненные компоненты социальной активности молодежи. Методы. В исследовании приняло участие 200 жителей России, средний возраст – 19,8 лет. Для изучения структуры социальной активности использовалась анкета, включающая 18 вопросов-шкал, а также четыре новые авторские шкалы. Мотивационная структура оценивалась семью авторскими вопросами-шкалами, апробированными в предыдущих научных изысканиях. Результаты. Наиболее выраженными у молодежи являются мотивы поиска нового, гармонии с другими, саморазвития и самореализации. Выявлены взаимосвязи между мотивами поиска нового, самореализации и досуговой и интернет-поисковой активностью, а также между профилактической активностью и мотивом поиска нового, постпандемийной активностью и мотивов уверенности и успешности. Структура социальной активности представлена тремя укрупненными компонентами: гражданско-политическая активность, включающая религиозную составляющую; профессионально-образовательная и рекреационно-бытовая активность; профилактически-постпандемийная активность. В структуре социальной активности молодежи выделены как традиционные, так и новые формы. Обсуждение результатов. Полученные результаты вполне объяснимы с позиции системно-диахронического подхода, согласно которому активность личности и группы, ее мотивация обусловливаются внешним состоянием функционирования социальной среды. Обозначенные условия порождают возникновение новых форм социальной активности, подходов к классификации изучаемого феномена.
Комплементарная модель самодетерминации личности
Authors: Костромина Светлана Н. , Филатова Анастасия Ф. , Москвичёва Наталья Л. , Зиновьева Елена В. , Одинцова Мария М.
Published: April 2023

Введение. Актуальность изучения феномена самодетерминации определяется соответствием данной исследовательской проблематики сразу двум активно развивающимся направлениям психологии личности – психологии изменений и психологии возможного. Многообразие проявлений самодетерминации личности, сложность и уникальность этого феномена обуславливают необходимость обобщения имеющихся теоретических разработок, идей и концепций, а также накопленного эмпирического материала. Современные отечественные авторы формулируют теоретические предпосылки изучения самодетерминации в русле субъектно-деятельностного подхода, но при этом часто заимствуют методологию исследования у зарубежных коллег. Оригинальность данной работы заключается в поиске новых методологических оснований исследования самодетерминации личности. Теоретическое обоснование. Сложность и неоднозначность феномена самодетерминации усиливает дифференциацию теоретических подходов к его описанию. В фокусе внимания исследователей оказываются разноуровневые проявления самодетерминации: природообусловленная способность к самоорганизации и врожденная потребность индивида в автономии, процессы саморегуляции субъектом поведения и деятельности, механизмы становления субъектности и развития Я, а также способы реализации свободы и интенциональности личности. Наряду с широким разнообразием теорий и концепций отмечается дефицит системных и комплексных моделей. Результаты. Авторами впервые предложена комплементарная модель самодетерминации, позволяющая интегрировать имеющиеся теоретические подходы к исследованию за счет уровневого рассмотрения индивидных, субъектных и личностных характеристик. Базовый уровень спонтанной (функциональной), самодетерминации соответствует принципам самоорганизации сложных открытых неравновесных систем, обладающих природообусловленной способностью к самодетерминированному поведению. Второй уровень целенаправленной или «деятельностной» самодетерминации показывает роль сознательного планирования, волевого усилия и осознанного выбора как инструмента достижения цели и саморегуляции субъекта. Наконец, третий, наивысший уровень смысловой самодетерминации описывает ценностную и нравственную саморегуляцию, связанную с осуществлением смысловых выборов. Обсуждение результатов. Данное исследование представляет новый взгляд на научную проблему самодетерминации личности. Комплементарная модель отражает сложную многоуровневую систему самодетерминации, эволюцию ее механизмов в процессе онтогенеза от базовых психологических потребностей индивида до сложных процессов смыслового самоопределения личности.
A Synopsis of Ball Milling Organic Synthesis in the Last 25 Years
Authors: Margetić Davor
Published: April 2023

Important progress in the transfer of organic reactions from solution conditions to automated
solid-state synthesis was published a quarter of a century ago. Since then, ball-milling organic
reactions have been slowly accepted by the chemical community as an additional synthetic
tool, and the area of its application is rapidly expanding. These developments in mechanochemical
synthesis are illustrated with selected literature examples.
Integrated 16S rRNA Sequencing and Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis to Reveal
the Protective Mechanisms of Polygonatum sibiricum Polysaccharide on Type 2 Diabetes
Mellitus Model Rats
Authors: Zhang Hui , Li Hanzhou , Pan Baochao , Zhang Shufang , Su Xiuhai , Sun Wenjuan , Zhang Tianyu , Zhang Zhaiyi , Lv Shuquan , Cui Huantian
Published: April 2023

Background:

Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide (PSP) can improve insulin resistance and inhibit
oxidative stress. However, the detailed anti-diabetic mechanism of PSP is still poorly defined.

Methods:

In this study, the anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of PSP were evaluated on a
type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rat model. Furthermore, we investigated the changes in gut microbiota and serum
metabolites in T2DM rats after PSP treatment through 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics analyses.

Results:

Our results showed that PSP exhibited significant anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects
on T2DM model rats. In addition, 16S rRNA sequencing showed that PSP treatment decreased the Firmicutes/
Bacteroidetes ratio in the gut. At the genus level, PSP treatment increased the relative abundances of Blautia,
Adlercreutzia, Akkermansia and Parabacteroides while decreasing Prevotella, Megamonas funiformis and Escherichia.
Untargeted metabolomics analysis revealed that PSP treatment could affect 20 metabolites, including hexanoylglycine,
(±)5(6)-DiHET, ecgonine, L-cysteine-S-sulfate, epitestosterone, (±)12(13)-DiHOME, glutathione, L-ornithine, Dmannose
6-phosphate, L-fucose, L-tryptophan, L-kynurenine, serotonin, melatonin, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, xylitol,
UDP-D-glucuronate, hydroxyproline, 4-guanidinobutyric acid, D-proline in T2DM model rats, these metabolites are
associated with arginine and proline metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism,
pentose and glucuronate interconversions, glutathione metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, ascorbate and aldarate
metabolism pathways. Spearman correlation analysis results showed that the modulatory effects of PSP on the arginine
and proline metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, and glutathione metabolism pathways were related to the regulation
of Prevotella, Megamonas funiformis, Escherichia, Blautia and Adlercreutzia.

Conclusion:

Our research revealed the therapeutic, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of PSP on T2DM.
The mechanisms of PSP on T2DM are associated with improving the dysbiosis of gut microbiota and regulating
arginine and proline metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, and glutathione metabolism in serum.
Electrospinning of Nanofibers Incorporated with Essential Oils:
Applications in Food
Authors: Hossaeini Marashi Sayed Mahdi , Noori Seyed Mohammad Reza , Hashemi Mohammad , Raeisi Mojtaba , Noori Seyyed Mohammad Ali
Published: April 2023

Nowadays, modern food preservation techniques have emerged in the last decade. Recently,
a combination of nanotechnology and active packaging has allowed the incorporation of
bioactive compounds, such as essential oils, into nanoscale electrospun fibers. This phenomenon
provides a new horizon in food safety and preservation. The incorporation of essential oils into
electrospun nanofibers can extend the duration of antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of essential
oils, which subsequently leads to longer shelf life, better preservation, and superior quality of
food. In the current paper, the essential oils incorporated into nanofibers have been reviewed. The
fabrication of nanofibers is usually carried out using different substances by applying various
manufacturing methods, including needleless and needle-based electrospinning techniques. In this
study, an emphasis on the antioxidant and antibacterial effects of electrospun nanofibers loaded
with essential oils and their application in food models has been laid. Nevertheless, other challenges
associated with using nanofibers incorporated with essential oils, such as their impact on
organoleptic properties, cytotoxicity, and durability, have been discussed to achieve a holistic view
of applying the electrospinning techniques in the food industry.
Intramolecular Click Cycloaddition Reactions: Synthesis of 1,2,3-Triazoles
Authors: Tashrifi Zahra , Khanaposhtani Mohammad Mohammadi , Bahadorikhalili Saeed , Larijani Bagher , Mahdavi Mohammad
Published: April 2023

Click Chemistry, as a powerful tool, has been used for the synthesis of a variety of
1,2,3-triazoles. Among click cycloaddition reactions, intramolecular click reactions carried out in
azido-alkyne precursors has not been thoroughly reviewed. Hence, in this review, we have summarized
and categorised the recent literature (from 2012 on) based on the azidoalkynyl precursor's
type and a brief and concise description of the involved mechanisms is presented. Accordingly, we
have classified the relevant literature into three categories: (1) substitution precursors (2) addition
and (3) multi-component reaction (MCR) products.
Pediatric Trauma - A Silent Epidemic
Authors: Thakur Neha , Rai Narendra , Misra Samir , Misra Maitreyi
Published: April 2023

Trauma is the leading cause of preventable deaths in children all over the world. In the majority of cases, children are innocent victims of road traffic accidents. They suffer from both short-term and long-term impacts of trauma. Deaths from road traffic accidents can be prevented by adopting simple road safety measures and the use of protective equipment. Worldwide programs have been initiated to curb this ever-rising menace; however, the success of these programs depends on their outreach and acceptance among the population in general. Golden hours in trauma management is the initial hour post-trauma, the success of resuscitation depends on the appropriate management of pediatric trauma victims in hospitals dedicated to the management of pediatric trauma victims. The current review highlights the epidemiology, pattern of injury, road safety measures, and global health initiatives for the prevention of accident-related injury in children. The shortcomings of this review are as follows- Firstly pediatric trauma is an exhaustive topic, it is impossible to cover all aspects of pediatric trauma. Thus, the review might have missed some important aspects of pediatric trauma. Secondly, the concept of a pediatric trauma registry is nonexistent in almost all developing countries; hence a true picture of pediatric trauma epidemiology and injury patterns is missing. Thirdly not much work has been done on pediatric trauma in developing countries leading to insufficient data from these countries.