bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Total Proteoglycan and Chondroitin‐4‐ Sulfate Levels in Gingiva of Patients With Various Types of Periodontitis
Authors: Vardar Saynur , Baylas Haluk , Zihniog͠lu Figen , Emingil Gülnur , Buduneli Nurcan , Atilla Gül
Published: February 2005

Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the total proteoglycan (PG) and chondroitin‐4‐sulfate (C4S) levels in gingival tissue samples obtained from patients with aggressive periodontitis (AgP) and chronic periodontitis (CP) before therapy (baseline) and 1 month after completion of non‐surgical periodontal therapy.

Methods: Gingival tissue samples were obtained from 10 AgP and 10 CP patients before initiation of treatment (baseline) and 1 month after non‐surgical periodontal treatment. The control group comprised 10 systemically and periodontally healthy subjects. Total PG and C4S levels were determined by biochemical techniques. PG levels were analyzed using a modified Bitter and Muir method. C4S assay was carried out using chondroitin sulphate lyase AC and chondroitin‐6 sulphate sulphohydrolase enzymes. The results were tested statistically using parametric tests.

Results: The clinical periodontal parameters demonstrated significant decreases in the periodontitis groups (P <0.05) after treatment, and there was no significant difference between AgP and CP groups at baseline and after treatment (P >0.05). At baseline, total PG and C4S levels in both of the periodontitis groups were significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.05). One month after the non‐surgical periodontal treatment, total PG levels in the periodontitis groups were comparable to the control group (P >0.05), whereas C4S levels in the AgP group were significantly lower than the other study groups (P <0.05). In the CP group, total PG and C4S levels increased significantly (P = 0.001 and P = 0.006, respectively) after non‐surgical periodontal treatment, but they did not increase in the AgP group (P >0.05).

Conclusion: The significant increases observed in total proteoglycan and chondroitin‐4‐sulfate levels after non‐surgical periodontal treatment in the CP group but not in the AgP group may suggest that healing patterns differ between the two periodontitis types in terms of PG and C4S composition of extracellular matrix. J Periodontol 2004;75:393‐398.
Comparison of the Use of a Toothpick Holder to Dental Floss in Improvement of Gingival Health in Humans
Authors: Lewis Maurice W. , Holder‐Ballard Cassandra , Selders Robert J. , Scarbecz Mark , Johnson Howard G. , Turner Edgar W.
Published: February 2005

Background: Although advances have been made in modulation of host inflammatory response in periodontal therapy, it is important to control the bacterial challenge to the host immune system through conventional therapy and improvement of personal oral hygiene. Although toothbrushing is generally performed, interdental cleaning is not as common. This study compared the use of dental floss to a toothpick holder in the improvement of gingival health.

Methods: Participants were examined and those with clinical gingivitis or slight chronic periodontitis were included in the study. O'Leary plaque, interproximal plaque index (IPI), and Eastman interdental bleeding index scores (EIBI) were recorded at baseline and following appointments. Forty‐two females and 13 males ranging from 18 to 50 years in age were randomly divided into either a dental flossing group or toothpick holder using group. Each was given instructions in the use of the oral hygiene device and examined 2, 6, and 12 weeks following baseline. At 12 weeks, 27 floss users and 20 toothpick‐holder users completed the study.

Results: Plaque scores were reduced in both groups as the study progressed. Mean O'Leary plaque scores decreased signi‐ ficantly for both methods from baseline to week 12 (P <0.05). The EIBI and IPI scores decreased in mean scores over time for each method (P <0.05). A correlation was found between the O'Leary plaque index and the IPI scores (P <0.05).

Conclusion: The results of this study found that the use of dental floss or toothpick holder resulted in no significantly different effect in the improvement of gingival health. J Periodontol 2004; 75:551‐556.
Treatment of Intrabony Defects With Enamel Matrix Proteins or Barrier Membranes: Results From a Multicenter Practice‐Based Clinical Trial
Authors: Sanz Mariano , Tonetti Maurizio S. , Zabalegui Ion , Sicilia Alberto , Blanco Juan , Rebelo Helena , Rasperini Giulio , Merli Mauro , Cortellini Pierpaolo , Suvan Jean E.
Published: February 2005

Background: This prospective multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial compared the clinical outcomes of enamel matrix proteins (EMD) versus placement of a bioabsorbable membrane in conjunction with guided tissue regeneration (GTR).

Methods: Seventy‐five patients with advanced chronic periodontitis were recruited in seven centers in three countries. All patients had at least one intrabony defect of ≥3 mm. Heavy smokers (≥20 cigarettes/day) were excluded. The surgical procedures included access for root instrumentation using the simplified papilla preservation flap and either the application of EMD or the placement of a GTR membrane. At baseline and 1 year following the interventions, clinical attachment levels (CAL), probing depths (PD), recession (REC), full‐mouth plaque scores, and full‐mouth bleeding scores were assessed. A total of 67 patients completed the study.

Results: At 1 year, the EMD defects gained 3.1 ± 1.8 mm of CAL, versus 2.5 ± 1.9 mm for GTR defects. Probing depth reduction was 3.8 ± 1.5 mm and 3.3 ± 1.5 mm, respectively. A multivariate analysis indicated that the differences between EMD and GTR treatments were not significant while a center effect and baseline PD significantly influenced CAL gains. No significant differences in terms of frequency distribution of the outcomes were observed. All cases treated with GTR presented at least one surgical complication, mostly membrane exposure, while only 6% of EMD treated sites displayed complications (P <0.0001).

Conclusions: The results of this trial failed to demonstrate superiority of one treatment modality over the other. GTR outcomes in this trial were lower than anticipated based on previous evidence. This was attributed to the high prevalence of post‐surgical complications in the GTR group. J Periodontol 2004;75:726‐733.
A Targeted Review of Study Outcomes With Short (≤7 mm) Endosseous Dental Implants Placed in Partially Edentulous Patients
Authors: Hagi D. , Deporter D.A. , Pilliar R.M. , Arenovich T.
Published: February 2005

Background: Generally, threaded root‐form endosseous dental implants are thought to perform poorly in short lengths (i.e., <10 mm). However, whether modifications in implant surface geometry will improve performance of short threaded implants is less clear.

Methods: The relationship between dental implant failure rates and their surface geometry, length, and location (maxilla versus mandible) was explored in the published literature. Using a MEDLINE search (1985 through 2001), studies were sought with the following criteria: 1) data suitable to calculate failure rates of implant lengths ≤7 mm versus >7 mm; 2) data separable into maxillary versus mandibular results; 3) criteria for “failure” clearly defined; and 4) minimal functional period of 2 years.

Results: Twelve papers were identified as follows: eight with machined threaded implants, two with acid‐treated threaded implants, and two with sintered porous‐surfaced press‐fit implants. The following results were found: 1) machined surface implants experienced greater failure rates than textured surface implants; 2) with the exception of sintered porous‐surfaced implants, 7 mm long dental implants appear to have higher failure rates than those >7 mm length; and 3) with textured surface implants, higher failure rates were more likely in the maxilla than in the mandible, but with machined surface implants there were no differences in failure rates between maxilla and mandible.

Conclusions: Dental implant surface geometry is a major determinant in how well these implants perform in short lengths, defined here as lengths of ≤7 mm. While threaded implants show higher failure rates in short versus longer lengths, sintered poroussurfaced implants perform well in the defined “short” lengths. More studies are needed to better assess the performance of short, acid‐washed threaded implants. J Periodontol 2004;75:798‐804.
Accuracy of Supported Root Ratio Estimation From Projected Length and Area Using Digital Radiographs
Authors: Chen Ssu‐Kuang , Pan Ju‐Hung , Chen Chung‐Ming , Jeng Jeng‐Ywan
Published: February 2005

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of supported single‐root surface ratio estimated from the length and projected area of the tooth, using digital dental radiographs.

Methods: Eight extracted, single‐root teeth were three‐dimensionally digitized using a contact technique for surface area measurement. The data were then processed using engineering application software and length, projection area, and true surface area of the root at a designated length were obtained. Based on these three measurements, the accuracy of the supported surface area ratio measurement at different lengths of the root was evaluated.

Results: The largest mean errors from linear and area estimation were 9.58% and –1.16%, respectively. The 95% confidence intervals were all positive, indicating that linear measurements overestimated supported ratio. T tests showed that linear estimations resulted in significant differences in all eight teeth and area estimations in five teeth. When analyzing the supported ratio of the alveolar bone receding from the cemento‐enamel junction (CEJ) toward the apex of the root at each mm, linear estimation showed significant differences down to 8 mm, while area estimation showed significant differences only up to 2 mm.

Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that a reliable estimate of the ratio of root surface area supported by alveolar bone cannot be determined from linear or area data. However, when the marginal bone destruction exceeds 2 mm from the CEJ, area estimation does not show a significant difference in the supported region. As demonstrated in this study, root surface ratio estimation function could be an advantage of digital dental x‐ray systems in which projected root area is readily observed. J Periodontol 2004;75:866‐871.
Efficacy of Ibuprofen‐Hydrocodone for the Treatment of Postoperative Pain After Periodontal Surgery
Authors: Betancourt James W. , Kupp Leo I. , Jasper Samuel J. , Farooqi Owais A.
Published: February 2005

Background: Previous studies have shown that non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have significant benefits in the control of postoperative pain after periodontal or oral surgical procedures. The combination of a peripherally acting NSAID with a centrally acting opioid drug is found to be more effective. The purpose of this study was to compare an alternative combination of ibuprofen 400 mg with 5 mg of hydroxycodone to ibuprofen 400 mg used alone in the management of pain following periodontal surgery.

Methods: This study used a double‐masked cross‐over design with the patients acting as their own controls. Twelve patients underwent two periodontal surgeries in different quadrants of the same dental arch at least 2 weeks apart. A standardized amount of local anesthetic and similar extent and duration of surgery for each side was required. The patients received four doses of medication at predetermined intervals and filled out a visual analog pain scale every 2 hours for the first 12 hours after surgery.

Results: The overall pain reported by the patients on visual analog scale was 1.55 (SE ± 0.16), out of a possible 10. More pain was reported with ibuprofen alone, 1.81 (SE ± 0.12), compared to the ibuprofen with hydrocodone combination, 1.30 (SE ± 0.16). The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).

Conclusion: The findings suggest that a combination analgesic preparation of ibuprofen (400 mg) with hydrocodone (5 mg) results in better pain control compared to ibuprofen used alone. J Periodontol 2004;75:872‐876.
Periodontal Attachment Loss in an Urban Population of Brazilian Adults: Effect of Demographic, Behavioral, and Environmental Risk Indicators
Authors: Susin Cristiano , Vecchia Caroline F. Dalla , Oppermann Rui V. , Haugejorden Ola , Albandar Jasim M.
Published: February 2005

Background: There is little information about the occurrence and risk factors of periodontal diseases in developing countries. This study describes the clinical attachment loss (CAL) in an adult Brazilian population and performs a risk assessment of demographic, behavioral, and environmental exposures.

Methods: A representative sample of 853 dentate individuals (age: 30 to 103 years) was selected by a multistage probability sampling method. The subjects had a full‐mouth clinical examination of six sites per tooth and were interviewed using a structured written questionnaire.

Results: Seventy‐nine percent (79%) and 52% of the subjects and 36% and 16% of the teeth per subject had CAL ≥5 and ≥7 mm, respectively. A multivariable model showed that 40 to 49 and ≥50 years olds had 3.0 and 5.9 times higher risk for moderate CAL and 7.4 and 25.4 times higher risk for severe CAL, compared to the 30 to 39 years olds. Moderate cigarette smokers had a significantly higher risk for moderate (relative risk ratio [RRR] = 2.1) and severe CAL (RRR = 3.4), and heavy smokers had a higher risk for moderate (RRR = 3.0) and severe CAL (RRR = 8.2) compared to non‐smokers. A significantly higher risk for severe CAL was also present in males (RRR = 1.6), subjects with low (RRR = 1.8) or medium socioeconomic status (RRR = 1.6), and those with a history of irregular dental visits (RRR = 2.1). Diabetic status and race did not show significant associations with CAL after adjusting for other effects.

Conclusions: This Brazilian population had a high occurrence of attachment loss. A population‐based strategy that includes the establishment of prevention and health promotion programs targeting high‐risk groups is highly desirable for controlling the high occurrence of attachment loss in this population. J Periodontol 2004;75:1033‐1041.
Clinical and Microbiological Effects of Topical Subgingival Application of Hyaluronic Acid Gel Adjunctive to Scaling and Root Planing in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Xu Yi , Höfling K. , Fimmers R. , Frentzen M. , Jervøe‐Storm P. M.
Published: February 2005

Background: Hyaluronic acid (HA) has shown anti‐inflammatory effects in gingivitis therapy. The potential benefits of local subgingival application of HA adjunctive to scaling and root planing (SRP) were evaluated in this study.

Methods: Twenty patients with chronic periodontitis were included in this split‐mouth study. Sulcus fluid flow rate (SFFR) and sulcus bleeding index were monitored at baseline and after 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 12 weeks; probing depth and clinical attachment level were monitored at baseline and 6 and 12 weeks. Subgingival plaque samples were also taken at these same three appointments to determine the presence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythensis, and Treponema denticola. All patients were treated with full‐mouth scaling and root planing (SRP); in addition, an HA gel was administered subgingivally in the test sites every week for 6 weeks.

Results: An improvement of all clinical variables was observed (P <0.05) in both groups. Clinically, no difference between test and control sites could be found. No difference between test and control sites was seen in the tested microorganisms.

Conclusions: No clinical or microbiological improvement was achieved by the adjunctive use of HA gel compared to SRP alone. Only SFFR was affected by the use of HA in terms of a more rapid reduction of SFFR in the test sites. J Periodontol 2004;75: 1114‐1118.
Leucine‐Rich Amelogenin Peptide: A Candidate Signaling Molecule During Cementogenesis
Authors: Boabaid Fernanda , Gibson Carolyn W. , Kuehl Melissa A. , Berry Janice E. , Snead Malcolm L. , Nociti Francisco H. , Katchburian Eduardo , Somerman Martha J.
Published: February 2005

Background: Cementum is a critical mineralized tissue; however, control of its formation remains undefined. One hypothesis is that enamel matrix proteins/peptides secreted by ameloblasts and/or epithelial rest cells contribute to the control of cementum formation via epithelial‐mesenchymal interactions. Here, we focused on determining whether or not leucine‐rich amelogenin peptide (LRAP), translated from an alternatively spliced amelogenin RNA, altered cementoblast behavior.

Methods: Immortalized murine cementoblasts (OCCM‐30) were exposed to LRAP and evaluated for: 1) proliferative activity; 2) gene expression using Northern blot for Cbfa1 (core binding factor alpha‐1); OCN (osteocalcin), OPN (osteopontin), and real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) for OPG (osteoprotegerin); and RANKL (receptor activator of NF‐ κB ligand); 3) signaling pathway using inhibitors of PKA (THFA), PKC (GF109203X), and MAPK (UO126); and 4) mineralization evaluated by von Kossa and Alizarin‐red.

Results: LRAP had no effect on cell proliferation up to 6 days, with a decrease in cell growth observed at the highest dose by 9 days versus untreated cells. LRAP down regulated OCN and up regulated OPN in a dose‐ and time‐response fashion, and inhibited the capacity of mineral nodule formation. Transcripts for OPG were increased in LRAP‐treated cells compared to control, but RANKL mRNA levels were not affected. Core binding factor alpha (Cbfa) mRNA, expressed constitutively, was not affected by LRAP. Signaling pathway assays suggested involvement of the MAPK pathway, since the addition of the MAPK inhibitor suppressed OPN expression in LRAP‐treated cells.

Conclusion: Leucine‐rich amelogenin peptide appears to have a direct effect on cementoblast activity that may prove significant during development as well as in regeneration of periodontal tissues. J Periodontol 2004;75:1126‐1136.
Scoliosis in CHARGE: A prospective survey and two case reports
Authors: Doyle Crystal , Blake Kim
Published: February 2005

CHARGE syndrome was first identified as a cluster of congenital anomalies in 1979 and has since undergone diagnostic criteria modifications to include the major and minor characteristics that occur during infancy and childhood. As the individuals with CHARGE syndrome have aged into their adolescents and adulthood, it has become increasingly common for them to develop scoliosis. This article presents an older population of individuals with CHARGE syndrome and describes the prevalence of scoliosis, and identifiable risk factors for scoliosis. Two case reports demonstrate the variability of scoliosis in CHARGE syndrome. A survey of adults and adolescents with CHARGE syndrome was completed to collect information about late onset medical issues, and those identifying scoliosis as an issue, were further followed for more information. The total population (n = 31) and then the subgroup of individuals with scoliosis (n = 19) were analyzed. Sixty one percent (19 of 31) of this population was diagnosed with scoliosis. The age of CHARGE syndrome diagnosis was later in the scoliosis population (6.3 years compared to 3.7 years in the no scoliosis population). Growth hormone use was reported in 7 of 31 of the individuals; 6 of these subsequently were diagnosed with scoliosis (32% of the scoliosis group). Of the scoliosis subgroup, most were mild scoliosis but eight were diagnosed with moderate to severe scoliosis, and all of these were treated with either a brace (n = 5) or with surgical fusion (n = 2) and one individual had both. Scoliosis in CHARGE syndrome individuals is more common than previously reported, and the age of onset is earlier than when routine monitoring for scoliosis is recommended. The prevalence of scoliosis in the CHARGE syndrome population is higher than in the general population therefore, it is very important for physicians to carefully monitor the spine for the development of scoliosis in children with CHARGE syndrome, especially if they are being treated with growth hormone. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Conformation–activity relationship of a novel peptide antibiotic: Structural characterization of dermaseptin DS 01 in media that mimic the membrane environment
Authors: Castiglione‐Morelli M. A. , Cristinziano Pierluigi , Pepe Antonietta , Temussi Piero A.
Published: February 2005

Dermaseptins, small polycationic peptides synthesized by amphibians, exert a lytic action on bacteria, protozoa, yeast, and filamentous fungi at micromolar concentrations, but unlike polylysines, show little hemolytic activity. Dermaseptins S are active only against bacteria and form aggregates at high peptide/lipid ratios, whereas dermaseptins B are active also against fungi and form aggregates at low peptide/lipid ratios. A new dermaseptin, named DS 01, from the skin secretion of Phyllomedusa oreades, showed not only strong antibacterial properties against Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria but also antiprotozoan activity in the μM range. An analysis of the sequences of all dermaseptins only shows a common tendency to adopt amphipathic helical conformations but does not hint at significant differences. In order to rationalize the biological differences among dermaseptins, it is necessary to analyze their conformational properties in greater detail. A structural characterization in media that mimic the membrane environment shows that the surface properties of DS 01, as compared to those of dermaseptins S1 and B2, are intermediate, in agreement with its peculiar pharmacological profile. The regular alternation of positive and negative patches on the surface suggests a plausible aggregation mechanism. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 80: 688–696, 2005

This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Accurate Energies and Structures for Large Water Clusters Using the X3LYP Hybrid Density Functional
Authors: Su Julius T. , Xu Xin , Goddard William A. III
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
High Covalence in CuSO4 and the Radicalization of Sulfate: An X‐Ray Absorption and Density Functional Study.
Authors: Szilagyi Robert K. , Frank Patrick , DeBeer George Serena , Hedman Britt , Hodgson Keith O.
Published: February 2005

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Unusual Phase Transitions in Ferroelectric Nanodisks and Nanorods
Authors: Naumov Ivan I. , Bellaiche L. , Fu Huaxiang
Published: February 2005

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Enhancement of Oxide Ion Conductivity in Cuspidine‐Type Materials.
Authors: Martin‐Sedeno M. C. , Losilla E. R. , Leon‐Reina L. , Bruque S. , Marrero‐Lopez D. , Nunez P. , Aranda M. A. G.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Single Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of MnSbS2Cl.
Authors: Doussier Charlotte , Leone Philippe , Moelo Yves
Published: February 2005

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Zero Thermal Expansion in a Prussian Blue Analogue.
Authors: Margadonna Serena , Prassides Kosmas , Fitch Andrew N.
Published: February 2005

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Role of Crystal Structure on the Thermal Expansion of Ln2W3O12 (Ln: La, Nd, Dy, Y, Er and Yb).
Authors: Sumithra S. , Umarji A. M.
Published: February 2005

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NMR and Rama Spectral Studies of Ammonium Hydrogen Selenites Single Crystals.
Authors: Nasluzova O. I. , Vinogradova I. S. , Lundin A. G. , Zhidkov L. L.
Published: February 2005

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Synthesis and ac Susceptibility of YCa2Cu3O7‐δ.
Authors: Choudhary D. S. , Salunkhe M. Y. , Kulkarni D. K.
Published: February 2005

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Syntheses, Thermal Stability, and Structure Determination of the Novel Isostructural LnBa3B9O18 (Ln: Y, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb).
Authors: Li X. Z. , Wang C. , Chen X. L. , Li H. , Jia L. S. , Wu L. , Du Y. X. , Xu Y. P.
Published: February 2005

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Synthesis and Structure Determination of a Novel Lithium Copper Vanadate LiCu2VO4(OH)2.
Authors: Hoyos Dora , Paillaud Jean‐Louis , Guth Jean‐Louis
Published: February 2005

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TFFH as an Excellent Reagent for Acylation of Alcohols, Thiols and Dithiocarbamates.
Authors: Pittelkow Michael , Kamounah Fadhil S. , Boas Ulrik , Pedersen Brian , Christensen Joern B.
Published: February 2005

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Bromine‐Catalyzed Conversion of S‐tert‐Butyl Groups into Versatile and, for Self‐Assembly Processes Accessible, Acetyl‐Protected Thiols.
Authors: Blaszczyk Alfred , Elbing Mark , Mayor Marcel
Published: February 2005

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A Novel and Convenient Synthesis of 4‐Halobutyraldehyde Acetals.
Authors: Hyatt John A.
Published: February 2005

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Synthesis of Peroxy Acetals from Ethers.
Authors: Kurdjukov A. M.
Published: February 2005

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Efficient Guanylation of Nα,Nω‐Difunctionalized Polyamines at the Secondary Amino Functions.
Authors: Athanassopoulos Constantinos M. , Garnelis Thomas , Pantazaka Evangelia , Papaioannou Dionissios
Published: February 2005

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Formation of Functionalized Carbocycles via Base‐Promoted Ring Opening/Brook Rearrangement/Allylic Alkylation of γ‐Silyl‐β,γ‐epoxybutanenitrile Followed by Nitrile Anion Cyclization with Bis‐Electrophiles.
Authors: Matsumoto Tatsuya , Masu Hyuma , Yamaguchi Kentaro , Takeda Kei
Published: February 2005

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Nitration of Aromatic Compounds on Silica Sulfuric Acid.
Authors: Zolfigol Mohammad Ali , Mirjalili BiBi Fatemeh , Bamoniri Abdolhamid , Zarchi Mohammad Ali Karimi , Zarei Amin , Khazdooz Leila , Noei Jalil
Published: February 2005

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New Unsymmetrical Salen‐Type Ligand from Enantiomerically Pure 2‐Hydroxypinan‐3‐one.
Authors: Dvornikova I. A. , Frolova L. L. , Churakov A. V. , Kuchin A. V.
Published: February 2005

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Development of β‐Hydroxyamide/Titanium Complexes for Catalytic Enantioselective Silylcyanation of Aldehydes.
Authors: Uang Biing‐Jiun , Fu I‐Pin , Hwang Chyuan‐Der , Chang Chun‐Wei , Yang Chun‐Tzu , Hwang Der‐Ren
Published: February 2005

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Heck Reaction Catalyzed by Nanosized Palladium on Chitosan in Ionic Liquids.
Authors: Calo Vincenzo , Nacci Angelo , Monopoli Antonio , Fornaro Antonio , Sabbatini Luigia , Cioffi Nicola , Ditaranto Nicoletta
Published: February 2005

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Synthesis of α‐Fluorosulfonamides by Electrophilic Fluorination.
Authors: Hill Bryan , Liu Yong , Taylor Scott D.
Published: February 2005

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Improved Protocol for the Three‐Component Biginelli Reactions and Biginelli‐Like Mannich Reactions of Carbamates, Aldehydes, and Ketones.
Authors: Xu Li‐Wen , Wang Zong‐Ting , Xia Chun‐Gu , Zhao Pei‐Qing
Published: February 2005

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Asymmetric Kumada—Corriu Cross‐Coupling Reaction with Pd2(dba)3 and an N—Ar Axially Chiral Mimetic‐Type Ligand Catalyst.
Authors: Horibe Hideo , Fukuda Yoshimasa , Kondo Kazuhiro , Okuno Hiroaki , Murakami Yasuoki , Aoyama Toyohiko
Published: February 2005

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Highly Enantioselective Phenylacetylene Additions to Ketones Catalyzed by (S)‐BINOL—Ti Complex.
Authors: Zhou Yifeng , Wang Rui , Xu Zhaoqing , Yan Wenjin , Liu Lei , Kang Yongfeng , Han Zhijian
Published: February 2005

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Pyridine‐Capped, Oligomeric (o‐Phenyleneethynylene)s.
Authors: Shotwell Sandra , Windscheif Paul M. , Smith Mark D. , Bunz Uwe H. F.
Published: February 2005

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Semiconductor‐Mediated Oxidative Dimerization of 1‐Naphthols with Dioxygen and O‐Demethylation of the Enol‐Ethers by SnO2 Without Dioxygen.
Authors: Takeya Tetsuya , Otsuka Tsuyoshi , Okamoto Iwao , Kotani Eiichi
Published: February 2005

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N‐Aryl‐2‐dialkylaminosuccinimides.
Authors: Kolyamshin O. A. , Danilov V. A.
Published: February 2005

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Reactions of N‐ and C‐Alkenylanilines. Part 5. Synthesis of Iodo‐Substituted Heterocycles from o‐Cycloalkenylanilines and Their Transformations.
Authors: Gataullin R. R. , Minnigulov F. F. , Spirikhin L. V. , Abdrakhmanov I. B.
Published: February 2005

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Synthesis of Thiophene Derivatives of 1,3‐Diazabicyclo[3.1.0]hex‐3‐ene.
Authors: Mahmoodi Nosrat O. , Kiyani Hamzeh
Published: February 2005

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Design and Synthesis of 1‐(4‐Benzoylphenyl)imidazole Derivatives as New Potent 20‐HETE Synthase Inhibitors.
Authors: Nakamura Toshio , Ishii Takaaki , Miyata Noriyuki , Taniguchi Kazuo , Tomishima Yasumitsu , Ueki Tomokazu , Sato Masakazu
Published: February 2005

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The E and Z Isomers of 3‐(Benzoxazol‐2‐yl)prop‐2‐enoic Acid
Authors: Trujillo‐Ferrara Jose G. , Padilla‐Martinez Itzia I. , Martinez‐Martinez Francisco J. , Hoepfl Herbert , Farfan‐Garcia Norberto , Garcia‐Baez Efen V.
Published: February 2005

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Synthesis and Antiproliferative Activity of 2‐Aryl‐4‐oxo‐thiazolidin‐3‐yl‐amides for Prostate Cancer.
Authors: Gududuru Veeresa , Hurh Eunju , Dalton James T. , Miller Duane D.
Published: February 2005

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Thiazolidin‐4‐one Formation. Mechanistic and Synthetic Aspects of the Reaction of Imines and Mercaptoacetic Acid under Microwave and Conventional Heating.
Authors: Bolognese Adele , Correale Gaetano , Manfra Michele , Lavecchia Antonio , Novellino Ettore , Barone Vincenzo
Published: February 2005

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Synthesis of 2‐Aryl‐4,6‐dinitrobenzo[d]isothiazolium from 2,4,6‐Trinitrotoluene.
Authors: Sapozhnikov Oleg Yu. , Mezhnev Vasily V. , Smirnova Elena V. , Kimel Boris G. , Dutov Mikhail D. , Shevelev Svyatoslav A.
Published: February 2005

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Efficient and Selective Deprotection Method for N‐Protected 2(3H)‐Benzoxazolones and 2(3H)‐Benzothiazolones.
Authors: Carato Pascal , Yous Said , Sellier Didier , Poupaert Jacques H. , Lebegue Nicolas , Berthelot Pascal
Published: February 2005

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Synthesis and Heteroelectrocyclization of Unsymmetrically Substituted Diazomalonamides.
Authors: Morzherin Yu. Yu. , Subbotina Yu. O. , Nein Yu. I. , Kolobov M. Yu. , Bakulev V. A.
Published: February 2005

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(.+‐.)‐(4‐Oxo‐4H‐chromen‐2‐yl)‐(phenyl)methyl Acetate
Authors: Malecka Magdalena , Massa Werner , Budzisz Elzbieta
Published: February 2005

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Suzuki Reaction on Pyridinium N‐(5‐Bromoheteroar‐2‐yl)aminides.
Authors: Reyes M. Jose , Izquierdo M. Luisa , Alvarez‐Builla Julio
Published: February 2005

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One‐Pot Synthesis of a Novel Compound N‐Hydroxydecahydroacridine under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Tu Shujiang , Fang Fang , Zhu Songlei , Li Tuanjie , Zhang Xiaojing , Zhuang Qiya
Published: February 2005

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Discovery of New Orally Active Phosphodiesterase (PDE4) Inhibitors.
Authors: Ochiai Hiroshi , Ishida Akiharu , Ohtani Tazumi , Kusumi Kensuke , Kishikawa Katuya , Yamamoto Susumu , Takeda Hiroshi , Obata Takaaki , Nakai Hisao , Toda Masaaki
Published: February 2005

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Efficient Synthesis of Imidazo[2,1‐a]isoquinolines Using a Hypervalent Iodine(III) Sulfonate.
Authors: Hou R.‐S. , Wang H.‐M. , Huang H.‐Y. , Chen L.‐C.
Published: February 2005

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Enantioselective Aldol Condensation of O‐Silyldienolates Derived from Alkyl‐Substituted 2,2‐Dimethyl‐[1,3]‐dioxin‐4‐ones.
Authors: De Rosa Margherita , Acocella Maria R. , Rega Michele F. , Scettri Arrigo
Published: February 2005

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Synthesis of Substituted Methyl Pyridazine‐4‐carboxylates via Cycloaddition of Diazomethane to 2,3‐Disubstituted 2‐Cyclopropenecarboxylic Acids.
Authors: Razin V. V. , Yakovlev M. E. , Shataev K. V. , Selivanov S. I.
Published: February 2005

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Synthesis of Thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidine and Quinazoline Derivatives from Monothiooxamides.
Authors: Zavarzin I. V. , Smirnova N. G. , Chernoburova E. I. , Yarovenko V. N. , Krayushkin M. M.
Published: February 2005

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Reaction of 4‐Aryl‐1‐(4‐oxo‐3,4‐dihydrothieno [2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐2‐yl)thiosemicarbazides with Dimethyl Acetylenedicarboxylate.
Authors: Vas'kevich R. I. , Zborovskii Yu. L. , Staninets V. I. , Chernega A. N.
Published: February 2005

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Anionic Ring Opening of Norbornenes Fused to Heterocycles.
Authors: Hergueta Antonio R. , Lopez Carmen , Garcia‐Mera Xerardo , Fernandez Franco
Published: February 2005

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New Method for the Anellation of the Pyridine Fragment to Azines.
Authors: Charushin V. N. , Boguslavsky A. M. , Ponizovsky M. G. , Kodess M. I. , Chekhlov A. N. , Mkoyan Sh. G. , Aldoshin S. M.
Published: February 2005

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Fused Polycyclic Nitrogen‐Containing Heterocycles. Part 9. Oxidative Fusion of Imidazole Ring to 3‐Benzoylquinoxalin‐2‐ones.
Authors: Mamedov V. A. , Kalinin A. A. , Gorbunova E. A. , Bauer I. , Habicher W. D.
Published: February 2005

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Five‐Membered 2,3‐Dioxo Heterocycles. Part 46. Reaction of 5‐Aryl‐4‐quinoxalinyl‐2,3‐dihydrofuran‐2,3‐diones with Aldehydes and Ketones. Molecular and Crystalline Structure of 5‐(3‐p‐Tolylquinoxalin‐2‐yl)‐4H‐1,3‐dioxine‐2‐spiro‐2′‐adamantan‐4‐one.
Authors: Lisovenko N. Yu. , Maslivets A. N. , Aliev Z. G.
Published: February 2005

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Synthesis of Cyclic Peroxides via Enyne‐RCM/Diels—Alder Reaction Sequence.
Authors: Yang Young‐Keun , Lee Susie , Tae Jinsung
Published: February 2005

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Ring Transformations of Heterocyclic Compounds. Part 24. 1′,2′,5′,6′‐Tetrahydro‐4′H‐spiro[cyclohexa‐2,4‐diene‐1,2′‐pyrrolo [3,2,1‐ij]quinoline] and 1,2,4,5,6,7‐Hexahydrospiro[azepino[3,2,1‐hi]indole‐2,1′‐cyclohexa [2,4]diene] — Two New Spiro[cyclohexadiene‐azaheterocycles] Easily Accessible by Pyrylium Ring Transformation.
Authors: Zimmermann Thomas
Published: February 2005

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Cascade Reactions of 1,2,4‐Triazines: Direct Thermochemical Access to Functionalized 4,5‐Dihydroazocines.
Authors: Raw Steven A. , Taylor. Richard J. K. Taylor. Richard J. K.
Published: February 2005

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Evaluation of Alternative Approaches for the Synthesis of Macrocyclic Bisindolylmaleimides.
Authors: Bartlett Stephen , Nelson Adam
Published: February 2005

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New Synthesis of 1,4‐Benzothiazepin‐5‐ones.
Authors: Mironov M. A. , Ivantsova M. N. , Tokareva M. I. , Mokrushin V. S.
Published: February 2005

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4‐Alkyl‐2,6,7‐trioxa‐1‐phosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octanes in the Synthesis of Lipids.
Authors: Savin G. A. , Kutsemako O. M.
Published: February 2005

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Two Cangorosin A Type Triterpene Dimers from Maytenus chuchuhuasca.
Authors: Shirota Osamu , Sekita Setsuko , Satake Motoyoshi , Morita Hiroshi , Takeya Koichi , Itokawa Hideji
Published: February 2005

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Molecular Tweezer Based on Chenodeoxycholic Acid: Synthesis and Anion Binding Properties.
Authors: Kim Ki Soo , Kim Hong‐Seok
Published: February 2005

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Hetero‐Diels—Alder and Pyroglutamate Approaches to (2S,4R)‐2‐Methylamino‐5‐hydroxy‐4‐methylpentanoic Acid.
Authors: Tarver James E. Jr. , Terranova Kristen M. , Joullie Madeleine M.
Published: February 2005

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Photomodulation of Ionic Current Through Hemithioindigo‐Modified Gramicidin Channels.
Authors: Lougheed Tyler , Borisenko Vitali , Hennig Thomas , Rueck‐Braun Karola , Woolley G. Andrew
Published: February 2005

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A New 2H‐Azirin‐3‐amine as a Synthon for α‐Methyl Glutamate.
Authors: Hilty Florentine M. , Brun Kathrin A. , Heimgartner Heinz
Published: February 2005

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Synthesis of the Epimer of Pericosine B from (‐)‐Quinic Acid.
Authors: Usami Yoshihide , Hatsuno Chikage , Yamamoto Hiroe , Tanabe Manabu , Numata Atsushi
Published: February 2005

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Halogenated 7‐Deazapurine Nucleosides: Stereoselective Synthesis and Conformation of 2′‐Deoxy‐2′‐fluoro‐β‐D‐arabinonucleosides.
Authors: Peng Xiaohua , Seela Frank
Published: February 2005

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Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics of Y‐700, a Novel Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor, in Rats and Man
Authors: Yamada I. , Fukunari A. , Osajima T. , Kamezawa M. , Mori H. , Iwane J.
Published: February 2005

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EPR Spin Trapping of a Radical Intermediate in the Urate Oxidase Reaction
Authors: Busi E. , Terzuoli L. , Basosi R. , Porcelli B. , Marinello E.
Published: February 2005

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An Unusual Pyridine Nucleotide Accumulating in Erythrocytes: Its Identity and Positive Correlation with Degree of Renal Failure
Authors: Carrey E. A. , Smolenski R. T. , Edbury S. M. , Laurence A. , Marinaki A. M. , Duley J. A. , Zhu L. M. , Goldsmith D. J. A. , Simmonds H. A.
Published: February 2005

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Identification of Two Novel Mutations in Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase Gene in Patients with 2,8‐Dihydroxyadenine Urolithiasis
Authors: Taniguchi Atsuo , Tsuchida Sanae , Kuno Shin‐Ichi , Mita Masayuki , Machida Tastuya , Ioritani Naomasa , Terai Chihiro , Yamanaka Hisashi , Kamatani Naoyuki
Published: February 2005

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Disruption of the Hypoxanthine‐Guanine Phosphoribosyl‐Transferase Gene Caused by a Translocation in a Patient with Lesch—Nyhan Syndrome
Authors: Mizunuma Makiko , Yamada Yasukazu , Yamada Kenichiro , Sonta Shin‐Ichi , Wakamatsu Nobuaki , Kaneko Kiyoko , Ogasawara Nobuaki , Fujimori Shin
Published: February 2005

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Hypoxanthine Effects on Cyclic AMP Levels in Human Lymphocytes
Authors: Torres R. J. , DeAntonio I. , Prior C. , Puig J. G.
Published: February 2005

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Double Stereodifferentiating Aldol Reactions Based on Chiral Ketones Derived from Lactic Acid: Synthesis of C1—C6 Fragment of Erythronolides.
Authors: Solsona Joan G. , Nebot Joaquim , Romea Pedro , Urpi Felix
Published: February 2005

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Determination of the Absolute Configuration of Synerazol.
Authors: Igarashi Yasuhiro , Yabuta Yukihiro , Furumai Tamotsu
Published: February 2005

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Oxaspirodion, a New Inhibitor of Inducible TNF‐α Expression from the Ascomycete Chaetomium subspirale. Production, Isolation and Structure Elicidation.
Authors: Rether Jan , Erkel Gerhard , Anke Timm , Sterner Olov
Published: February 2005

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Ion‐Exchange Properties of Microporous Tungstates.
Authors: Griffith Christopher S. , Luca Vittorio
Published: February 2005

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Nickel Formate Route to the Growth of Carbon Nanotubes.
Authors: Geng Junfeng , Li Hongwei , Golovko Vladimir B. , Shephard Douglas S. , Jefferson David A. , Johnson Brian F. G. , Hofmann Stephan , Kleinsorge Britta , Robertson John , Ducati Caterina
Published: February 2005

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Design, Synthesis, and Activity of 4‐Quinolone and Pyridone Compounds as Nonthiol‐Containing Farnesyltransferase Inhibitors.
Authors: Li Qun , et al. et al.
Published: February 2005

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Mechanochemical Preparation of Materials with Enhanced Characteristics for Lithium Batteries
Authors: Kosova N. , Devyatkina E.
Published: February 2005

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Bose—Einstein Condensation of Excitons in Bilayer Electron Systems
Authors: Eisenstein J. P. , MacDonald A. H.
Published: February 2005

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Development of Inorganic Chemistry as a Fundamental for the Design of New Generations of Functional Materials
Authors: Tretyakov Yu. D.
Published: February 2005

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Complex Manganese Oxides with the Brownmillerite Structure: Synthesis, Crystal Chemistry and Properties
Authors: Abakumov A. M. , Rozova M. G. , Antipov E. V.
Published: February 2005

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Bis(alkynyl)‐titanium and ‐platinum Complexes in the Synthesis of Oligo‐ and Polynuclear Early‐Late and/or Late‐Late Transition Metal Species
Authors: Lang H. , Stein Th.
Published: February 2005

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The 2003 CSC Pure or Applied Inorganic Chemistry Award Lecture: Adventures in Stable Radical Chemistry
Authors: Hicks Robin G.
Published: February 2005

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Pyrrole Syntheses by Multicomponent Coupling Reactions
Authors: Balme Genevieve
Published: February 2005

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C—C versus C—H Bond Oxidative Addition in PCX (X = P,N,O) Ligand Systems: Facility, Mechanism, and Control
Authors: Rybtchinski Boris , Milstein David
Published: February 2005

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Asymmetric Hydrogenation and Chiral Phosphines
Authors: Marinetti Angela
Published: February 2005

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1,2‐Dithiins
Authors: Sato R.
Published: February 2005

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1,2,4‐Oxadiazoles
Authors: Hemming K.
Published: February 2005

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Polyphosphoric Acid Trimethylsilyl Ester (PPSE) in the Synthesis of Heterocycles
Authors: Hedrera Monica E. , Perillo Isabel A.
Published: February 2005

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The Chemistry of 4‐Aryl‐3,5‐dihydroxypyrazoles and Their Derivatives and Formation of Paraionic Heterocycles
Authors: Zvilichovsky Gury
Published: February 2005

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Reaction of N‐Heteroaromatic N‐Oxides with Nucleophiles Not Accompanied by Deoxygenation of the N‐Oxide Group
Authors: Tagawa Yoshinobu , Goto Yoshinobu
Published: February 2005

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Mono‐ and Polynuclear Aqua Complexes and Cucurbit[6]uril: Versatile Building Blocks for Supramolecular Chemistry
Authors: Gerasko Olga A. , Sokolov Maxim N. , Fedin Vladimir P.
Published: February 2005

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Triazaphospholes
Authors: Bansal R. K. , Gupta Neelima
Published: February 2005

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Triphospholes and Diphospharsoles
Authors: Bansal R. K. , Gupta Neelima
Published: February 2005

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Azadiphospholes and Their Analogues
Authors: Collier S. J.
Published: February 2005

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Elements for the Construction of Molecular Devices: Template Effects and Self‐Assembly
Authors: Schalley Christoph A.
Published: February 2005

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Use of flow cytometry and SNARF to calibrate and measure intracellular pH in NS0 cells
Authors: Bond Jennifer , Varley Julie
Published: February 2005

Background

Two calibration methods have been proposed for determining the relation between the fluorescence ratio of a pH‐sensitive fluorescent indicator and intracellular pH (pHi). The first method uses nigericin to clamp pHi to external pH (pHe) and the second is the null point method. We compared these different calibration methods, solution conditions, and temperatures by using flow cytometry and the fluorescent dye 1,5‐ (and‐6)‐carboxy seminaphtorhodafluor‐1‐acetoxymethyl ester with an NS0 cell line.

Methods

The nigericin method was performed in glucose solutions supplemented with KCl and 2‐(N‐morpholino)ethane sulphonic acid plus tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (solution 1A), a mixture of K2HPO4/KH2PO4 in glucose‐solution supplemented solutions (solution 2A), or bicarbonate buffered growth medium supplemented with K2HPO4/KH2PO4 (solution 2B); this allowed a range of pHe values to be used. The effect of temperature (22°C or 37°C) on the nigericin calibration curve was also investigated. The null point method was performed by using a series of solutions with a mixture of weak acid and base with a known pHi response.

Results

Using solution 1A as the calibration solution resulted in acidic values of pHi for cells cultured in medium as compared with the values achieved with solution 2A. Using solution 2B did not affect the calibration curve. For the temperatures considered in this study, there was no affect on the calibration curve, but temperature did affect the pHi value of cells in phosphate buffered saline. The pseudo‐null point method used with flow cytometry resulted in a calibration curve that was significantly different (P < 0.05) from that achieved using the nigericin method.

Conclusions

Our data indicates that the choice of calibration solution can affect the reported pHi value; therefore, careful choice of solution is important. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of glucose transport and its regulation by insulin in human monocytes using flow cytometry
Authors: Dimitriadis George , Maratou Eirini , Boutati Eleni , Psarra Katherina , Papasteriades Chryssa , Raptis Sotirios A.
Published: February 2005

Background

We investigated the effects of insulin on glucose transport in human monocytes using flow cytometry, a method with several advantages over previously used techniques. We hypothesized that monocytes could be used as tools to study insulin action at the cellular level and facilitate the investigation of mechanisms that lead to insulin resistance.

Methods

Blood was withdrawn from 38 healthy subjects. The expression of glucose transporter (GLUT) isoforms in plasma membrane and the rates of glucose transport were determined with and without insulin (10 to 1,000 mU/L). Anti‐CD14 phycoerythrin monoclonal antibody was used for monocyte gating. GLUT isoforms were determined after staining cells with specific antisera to GLUT1, GLUT3, and GLUT4. Glucose transport was monitored with 6‐[N‐(7‐nitrobenz‐2‐oxa‐1,3‐diazol‐4‐yl)amino]‐6‐deoxyglucose (NBDG).

Results

Insulin increased the uptake of NBDG (median effective dose 20 mU/L) and the expression of GLUT3 and GLUT4 isoforms in the plasma membrane (median effective doses 20 and 35 mU/L, respectively) but had no effect on GLUT1. Maximal effects were always reached at 100 mU/L of insulin.

Conclusions

Monocytes may be a valid model system to study the effects of insulin on glucose transport. Further, flow cytometry is suitable for this investigation and can be used as an alternative to radiotracer methods. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.