bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trudno gojące się owrzodzenie błony śluzowej jamy ustnej u pacjenta po przeszczepieniu nerki allogenicznej. Opis przypadku. Retrospekcja
Authors: Borsukiewicz Agata , Szcześniak Krzysztof , Wojtasiński Konrad , Żerański Kacper , Osiak Martyna , Wojtowicz Andrzej
Published: July 2021

Pacjenci z przewlekłą schyłkową niewydolnością nerek często są leczeni poprzez przeszczepienie narządu, z następowym długotrwałym przyjmowaniem leków immunosupresyjnych. Chorzy poddawani powyższej terapii narażeni są na częstsze występowanie zmian patologicznych w obrębie błony śluzowej jamy ustnej oraz zwiększoną podatność na zakażenia, w tym wirusami onkogennymi. W zaprezentowanym przypadku 65-letni pacjent po transplantacji nerki allogenicznej zgłosił się w celu ekstrakcji zębów 22 i 23, znajdujących się w bezpośrednim sąsiedztwie owrzodzenia dziąsła i błony śluzowej. Długotrwale utrzymujące się owrzodzenie nie poddawało się leczeniu doustną antybiotykoterapią. Zmiana uległa wygojeniu po dożylnym podaniu antybiotyku i chemioterapeutyku. U pacjentów poddawanych terapii immunosupresyjnej wskazana jest szczególna czujność onkologiczna oraz indywidualizacja metod leczenia stomatologicznego. Celem pracy było dokonanie analizy ryzyka onkogennego u pacjenta przewlekle leczonego immunosupresją w przypadku niegojącego się owrzodzenia.
Stosowanie rękawic, wykonywany zawód medyczny, podrażnienia skóry, czas i zaangażowanie zarządzających jako czynniki wpływające na realizację higieny rąk w obszarze medycznym
Authors: Cichońska Małgorzata , Maciąg Dorota
Published: July 2021

Ręce personelu medycznego stanowią najczęstszy wektor przenoszenia zakażeń w placówkach szpitalnych. W związku ze znaczeniem tego zagadnienia opracowano wiele zaleceń i rekomendacji (CDC, WHO, CMJ) dotyczących: przygotowania rąk do pracy, metod ich higieny, doboru i dostępności preparatów dezynfekcyjnych, stosowania rękawic, nadzoru nad higieną rąk oraz sposobów i zakresu edukacji. Uzupełnieniem wytycznych w tym zakresie są czynniki mające wpływ na poprawność i częstość realizacji procedury. Pomimo ciągłego pojawiania się tematu w literaturze medycznej badacze są zdania, że powody niskiego poziomu przestrzegania higieny rąk przez personel medyczny, a lekarzy w szczególności, są słabo poznane, w związku z czym zagadnienie powinno być ustawicznie przypominane, a sam poziom higieny rąk monitorowany. Jako barierę w higienie rąk uznano liczne czynniki, wśród których wymieniane są: błędne przekonanie pracowników służby zdrowia, że stosowanie niejałowych rękawiczek może zastąpić dezynfekcję rąk, wykonywany zawód, podrażnienia skóry, brak czasu na częstą higienę rąk oraz niewystarczające zaangażowanie w problem dyrektorów podmiotów leczniczych. Trzeba jeszcze ogromnego nakładu pracy, aby zoptymalizować strategie w celu lepszego przestrzegania wytycznych i monitorowania higieny rąk, a także określić nowe działania i czynniki, mogące zwiększyć poprawę higieny rąk oraz jej jakość.
Izawukonazol – co wyróżnia nowy lek w terapii inwazyjnej choroby grzybiczej wywołanej przez pleśnie
Authors: Mensah-Glanowska Patrycja , Woroń Jarosław
Published: July 2021

W artykule przedstawiono symptomatologię, diagnostykę i leczenie inwazyjnej choroby grzybiczej (IFD) o etiologii pleśniowej. Autorzy skupili się na nowym leku dostępnym w leczeniu IFD – izawukonazolu, porównując go z innymi lekami, głównie z nowymi formułami amfoterycyny B. Przedstawiono charakterystykę farmakologiczną oraz wyniki najważniejszych badań klinicznych, dzięki którym izawukonazol uzyskał rejestrację w leczeniu inwazyjnej aspergilozy i mukormykozy. Autorzy podjęli także próbę zidentyfikowania konkretnych sytuacji klinicznych, w których należy rozważyć zastosowanie izawukonazolu.
Zastosowanie opatrunków Silverlon® w terapii paronychii i retronychii u pacjentów podologicznych w przebiegu paznokci wrastających. Opis przypadków
Authors: Wolska-Jachimowska Magdalena
Published: July 2021

Zakażenie wałów okołopaznokciowych jest jedną z najczęściej spotykanych infekcji w codziennej praktyce podologicznej. Chorzy często zgłaszają się do gabinetów podologicznych po kilku tygodniach lub miesiącach z przewlekłą paronychią, która w zaawansowanych przypadkach musi być leczona chirurgicznie, a wcześniejsze niecelowane leczenie skutkuje zaostrzeniem zmian i dłuższym procesem terapii oraz rekonwalescencji. Celem niniejszej pracy było zaprezentowanie właściwości leczniczych opatrunku Silverlon® w ograniczeniu miejscowego zakażenia u pacjentów z paronychią i retronychią.
Synergistic effect of temperature and ultrasonic field on seawater modification of wheat straw fibers
Authors: Jiang Liangpeng , Wang Hao , Kong Yue , Liu Lihong
Published: July 2021

This study investigated the synergistic effect of temperature and ultrasonic field on seawater modification of wheat straw fibers via orthogonal design. Based on orthogonal results, physicochemical and thermal properties of wheat straw fibers were also reported. The results indicated that a 120 min seawater modification of the fibers at a 70 °C heating temperature and 90 W ultrasonic power increased water absorption. The increase was attributable to the removal of the waxy layer and non-cellulosic materials, which, in turn, decreased the silicon elemental content and hydrogen bonding, as well as increased surface roughness, crystallinity, and thermal stability. The physicochemical and thermal characterization showed that this modification method has potential to be a viable industrial application.
Beech wood impregnation with hydrolyzed wattle tannin
Authors: Oberle Anna , Paschová Zuzana , Bak Miklós , Gryc Vladimír
Published: July 2021

Tannins and their toxic effects against various decay organisms have been interrelated for centuries. As natural products have gained more interest, waste from several production fields abundant in tannins has yielded promising components for wood preservation. In this work, the main approach was to split condensed tannins into smaller fractions by chemical hydrolysis and evaluate their suitability for beech wood impregnation. Commercial extract from black wattle was treated with mineral acid of low concentration. The volatile hydrochloric acid was completely removed after reaction by evaporation in the course of freeze-drying. The modified extract was then applied as aqueous solution into beech wood. The water resistance of the modified beech wood was not increased significantly, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed no evidence of tannin successful bonding within wood cells. Nevertheless, after strong leaching cycles, part of the extract accumulated in fibers. Moreover, lyophilization was found to be a suitable technique to eliminate volatile acids from temperature-sensitive extracts, such as tannins. These findings could help in the development of water-borne tannin formulations for wood protection, while using phlobaphene formation as a potential natural pathway of tannin autocondensation.
Correlation between the prevalence of T-cell lymphomas and alcohol consumption
Authors: Desmirean Minodra , Richlitzki Cedric , Pasca Sergiu , Teodorescu Patric , Petrushev Bobe , Rauch Sebastian , Steinheber Jakob , Iluta Sabina , Liu Jiaxin , Dima Delia , Grewal Ravnit , Ma Weina , Qian Liren , Tomuleasa Ciprian
Published: July 2021

Background and aims. Alcohol is a psychoactive substance that causes dependence, with many thousands of years in the history of mankind, being widely used in different cultures. According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer, alcohol is involved in the development of cancer, being directly associated with it. Considering that alcohol is involved in the initiation and dissemination of gastrointestinal malignancies, the objective of the study was to assess its role in the pathogenesis of T-cell lymphomas, as well as its possible correlation with chronic consumption.

Methods. The patient cohort was compiled from the Sixth Medical Center of the People’s Liberation Army Navy General Hospital in Beijing, China. A total of 30 patients matched the criteria and were enrolled in the study. Statistical analysis of the raw data was performed using R Statistics version R 3.5.1. released on the 29.08.2018.

Results. Our data demonstrate that the most common extranodal involvment of T-cell lymphoma patients is represented in decreasing order by bone marrow, peritoneum, rhino-oropharynx and the liver-biliary system. Nodal involvement is mainly represented in decreasing order by the laterocervical, axillary, mediastinal and inguinal regions.

Conclusions. These findings may be of value in further research and practical/clinical settings. Fever is the most common clinical feature and was present in most studied patients.
Feasibility of a pilot study on point-of-care biomarkers in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in an emergency setting
Authors: Mureșan Eugenia-Maria , Golea Adela , Bolboacă Sorana D. , Perju-Dumbravă Lăcrămioara
Published: July 2021

Background and aims. Stroke is a worldwide leading cause of death and disability and spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) has significant economic and social impact, regardless of recent efforts towards outcome-bettering acute interventions. The aim of the study was to assess the feasibility of a prospective observational research regarding point-of-care (POC) biomarkers in sICH, conducted in a level one emergency department (ED).

Methods. Patients with acute (<8 hours) sICH were enrolled in this study. Patients presenting a Glasgow Coma Scale score <8, secondary causes of intracerebral hemorrhage, seizures, recent ischemic events, known thromboembolic disease, anticoagulant treatment, severe pre-stroke disability, terminal disease, scheduled neurosurgery/ hemostatic treatment were excluded. Feasibility was defined as ED inclusion and follow-up rates, time-to-inclusion, and frequency of missing data. Baseline demographic, imaging and POC biochemical status of the study group were documented, including inflammatory (complete blood count, C-reactive protein), metabolic (glucose, hepatic, and renal function) and cardiovascular markers (cardiac troponin I, D-dimer).

Results. The inclusion rate was 2.16 patients/month with a final sample of 35 patients out of 239 potentially eligible patients. The median time from symptom onset to ED presentation was 128 minutes (IQR 96-239), with 21/35 patients having presented within the first 3 hours from ictus. Median times between symptoms’ onset to Computer Tomography (CT) scan and ED presentation to CT scan were 170 minutes (IQR 126-317) and 25 minutes (IQR 17-62), respectively. The median time from patient’s presentation to CBC result was 12 minutes (IQR 6.5-20), with 21/35 study participants having the results available within 15 minutes from ED arrival. The median cohort age was 72-years, with a 19/16 male/female ratio. Hypertension was the most frequent risk factor (77%), along with ischemic heart disease (31%) and diabetes (29%). One-third of the hypertensive patients did not undergo blood pressure lowering treatment. Median values of POC biomarkers on ED admission were within normal range. 

Conclusions. It was feasible to determine point-of-care biomarkers in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage on admission in ED, despite the urgency of the medical condition.
The importance of androgen receptors in breast cancer
Authors: Niță Irina , Nițipir Cornelia , Toma Ștefania Andreea , Limbău Alexandra Maria , Pîrvu Edvina , Bădărău Ioana Anca
Published: July 2021

Background and aim. Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy among women worldwide, and one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in females. For the breast malignant tumors there are numerous targeted therapies, depending on the receptors expressed. Regulating the process of epithelial-mesenchyme transcription, the steroid nuclear receptors are important in invasion and progression of BC cells. Till now, it is known that androgen receptor (AR) is present in about 60-80% of BC cells but, unfortunately, there is no targeted therapy available yet. 

Methods. We revised the recent literature that included the AR mechanism of action in patients diagnosed with breast cancer, the preclinical, retrospective and clinical studies and the aspects related to the prognosis of these patients, depending on the molecular subtype.

Results. A total of 12 articles were eligible for this review. AR positivity was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Herein, neither 1 nor 10% cut-points were robustly prognostic. AR was an independent prognostic marker of BC outcome, especially in triple negative BC group.

Conclusion. AR is a potential targeted pathway which can improve the prognostic of AR positive patients with BC. Further preclinical and clinical studies are necessary to clarify the mechanism of action and to establish the drugs which can be used, either alone or in combination.
Maternity Age in the Context of the Value of Time
Authors: AKSYONOVA S. Yu.
Published: July 2021

Rapid changes in society require quick individual adaptation to such changes. Under these conditions, the value of time increases. Awareness of this process becomes the basis for the formation of attitudes to a certain sequence of important events in human life and time / age for their implementation. It requires the development of time competence of the person not only at the level of daily practices and professional responsibilities, but also at the life level (whole course of life). The purpose of our study is to find out the relationship between advancing maternal age trend and awareness of the value of time and the development of time competence of the individual. The study for the first time considers the value of time and the development of time competence of the individual as a significant factor in change of the age of the mother at the birth of a child. Such scientific methods as comparison, analysis, generalization, graphic method are used in the paper. The analysis uses the materials of the international European Social Survey (ESS) of the third (2006—2007) and ninth (2018) rounds, which included the same module on the study of human life cycle organization. The theoretical basis of the study is the energy concept of psychological time, according to which personal time includes its energy component. The article analyzes the changesbet ween the 3rd and 9th rounds of the ESS in respondents’ perceptions regarding the age when a woman is generally too young to become a mother; the age whenwoman is generally too old to consider having any more children; the ideal age for a girl or woman to become a mother. The shift of these age characteristics towards older age groups in almost all countries participating in the 3rd and 9th rounds of the ESS is revealed. The precise answers of most respondents about the ideal age for a woman to become a mother — and thus to move to a new stage of her life — indicate the existence of personal time competence on the scale of life. It also shows that responsibility for choice of time (age) for the birth of a child / childrenmoves to the family or individual level (and this was mostly possible due to the development of family planning). In addition, the person is also responsible for the use of time before the birth of the child. Such processes reflect the awareness of the value of time, and simultaneously, further enhance its value.
The Value of Health in Ukraine: from Declaration to Implementation
Authors: RYNGACH N. О. , VLASYK L. Y.
Published: July 2021

Health is a universally recognized value and a prerequisite for a full life, work and social realization of person, the satisfaction of material and spiritual needs, his economic, political, scientific and cultural activities. The aim of the article is to demonstrate the place of health and healthcare in the hierarchy of universal values based on modern approaches to the essence of the value of health and the laws of Ukraine; to characterize the level of compliance of the real preventive acti vity with its proclaimed value based on the results of various sociological studies. The method of content analysis (to study modern views on the value of health and how it’s reflected in the national legislative field) and the sociological method (to assess the level of correspondence between the declared value of health and real activities aimed at preserving and strengthening it) are used. A comparative analysis of several population surveys (their fragments) is carried out, which concerned the importance of the category of health in the list of life values, the priority of state budget expenditures, understanding of European values, etc. The surveys were performed in Ukraine and abroad. The results of a study on the medical activity of the economically active population (aged 18-69) of the Chernivtsi region and a survey of the working age population (aged 18-59) in the Dnipropetrovsk region are analyzed. We also investigate the research data of the preventive activity of primary care doctors in the field of promoting a healthy lifestyle and eliminating risk factors for major non-communicable diseases. Parallels are drawn with other sociological studies. The article illustrates the difference between the proclamation by the Constitution of Ukraine of the highest social value of human life and health, and the priority of healthcare as a direction of state activity by Fundamentals of the Legislation of Ukraine on Healthcare; the tasks set for the implementation of the country’s Sustainable Development Goals and the distribution of expenditures of the state budget of Ukraine for the current 2021 year (the volume and share allocated to healthcare). The paper proves the existence of a socially important problem of a significant discrepancy between the degree of value of health proclaimed by people and their actual activities to preserve and strengthen it. The article substantiates the need to reflect the concept of the value of health in the social policy of the country as a whole and the policy in the field of Public Health in particular, in everyday medical practice, primarily through the real priority of the preventive component. Continuity over time with a change of governments, stability and sufficiency of resources provided for its implementation, and the development of a patient-centered system are defined as necessary conditions for the implementation of the concept of the value of health
Modern Development of EU Migration Policy and Migration Prospects of Ukraine
Authors: MALYNOVSKA O. А.
Published: July 2021

The aim of the article is to analyze the development of migration policy of the European Union, its main directions set out by the European Commission in the draft of new Pact on Migration and Asylum, and assess the impact of European approaches to migration management on migration of population of Ukraine. To achieve it, general scientific methods are used, such as systemic, comparative, structural-functional. The relevance of the study is due to the importance of migration of Ukrainians to the EU for the development of the country, as well as the need to implement the norms and principles of European legislation as a component of European integration of Ukraine. The novelty of the article is to identify current trends in EU migration policy and predict their impact on changes in the volume, direction and characteristics of migration of Ukrainians. It is concluded that the development of the channels of legal migration envisaged by the new Pact, primarily for skilled labor, and strengthening the fight against illegal migration, will encourage Ukrainians to move more orderly to European countries. This, of course, will help to improve working conditions of migrants, ensure their rights, but will increase the risks of turning part of temporary labor migration into permanent one and, consequently, further loss of labor and intellectual potential of the country. At the same time, the European Commission’s proposals to deepen cooperation in the field of migration with neighboring countries open up new opportunities for Ukraine to mitigate the negative effects of migration processes. In particular, it is time to raise once again the issue of concluding agreements with the countries of destination of la bor migrants from Ukraine on the joint use of labor and on social security of migrants. The possibility of support by European partners of programs of promoting the reintegration of returnees is worth discussing. The proposal for a “talent partnership” contains certain prospects for transforming the brain drain from Ukraine to their mutually beneficial circulation. The development of migration management in the EU should be taken into account in order to improve migration policy of Ukraine. In particular, the European experience of a differentiated approach to immigration, promoting the arrival of professionals, students and investors is noteworthy. In order to prevent illegal migration and shadow employment of foreigners, EU developments on procedures for admitting seasonal workers, obtaining a residence permit and permit for employment in one document can be used. European experience in improving the efficiency and timeframe of asylum procedures is also useful. Key words: migration policy, European Union, migration of the population of Ukraine.
PROSPECTS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH OF THEORETICAL-LEGAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF LEGAL TECHNOLOGIES OF PREPARATION OF JUDICIAL DECISIONS
Authors: Superson O. O.
Published: July 2021

The author reveals the relevance of scientific research of legal and technical features of judicial acts. It is noted that one of the ways to improve the mechanism of judicial application of legal norms is to develop a system of scientifically sound legal technologies for the preparation of court decisions and their further implementation in the practice of justice. The practice of litigation is, first of all, a mechanism of individualization of legal requirements for certain circumstances or subjects. Accordingly, the need to develop effective legal technologies for the transformation of legal requirements into the content of court decisions in order to fully implement the requirements of the lawmaker in society to achieve the appropriate social effect becomes especially relevant and practical. The characteristic of a condition of scientific research of legal technologies of preparation of court decisions is given. The essence and significance of the legal and technical structure of judicial acts, which have a documentary form of expression and specific content, are determined. The expediency of strengthening scientific research of legal technologies of preparation of judicial acts is substantiated, which requires their study through the prism of: 1) theoretical and legal aspects, which includes research of historicalmethodological and categorical features of legal technologies, their functional purpose in judicial practice and procedural aspects of legal implementation. technologies of preparation of court decisions; 2) practical aspects, which determines the need to establish modern problems of implementation of the requirements of legal technology in the process of preparation of court decisions, as well as justification of ways to improve their implementation. The perspective directions of scientific research of theoretical-legal and practical aspects of legal technologies of preparation of court decisions are generalized. These include: a) overcoming the prevailing in legal science narrow instrumental approach to understanding law enforcement; b) strengthening the ideological (philosophical) understanding of the institution of law enforcement and the participation of judicial institutions in it; c) strengthening the interdisciplinarity of scientific knowledge; d) a combination of theoretical and legal and applied research of legal technologies of court decision-making becomes extremely relevant.
CIVIL LIABILITY FOR MISUSE OF A TRADEMARK ON THE INTERNET
Authors: Minkovskyi V. V.
Published: July 2021

The article considers the problematic issues of civil liability for misuse of a trademark on the Internet, namely: insufficient legal regulation of civil relations in the field of trademark use on the Internet; lack of a clear mechanism for establishing the owner of a website on which a trademark is illegally used; lack of a clear mechanism for determining the amount of non-pecuniary damage caused by the improper use of a trademark on the infringer’s website; lack of a clear mechanism for determining the amount of damages and lost profits for improper use of the trademark on the infringer’s website. It is proposed to solve these problems by making changes and additions to current legislation and the adoption of new regulations, as well as by creating a Unified State Register of website owners, following the example of the WHOIS database. Variants of illegal use of the trademark in the technical part of the website, namely in the meta tags keywords, title, description, are considered. In addition, special attention is paid to the analysis of the provisions of the Association Agreement between Ukraine, on the one hand, and the European Union, the European Atomic Energy Community and their Member States, on the other, which revealed two approaches to calculating the amount of damage determining the amount of damages caused by a civil offense. Also, the analysis of the norms of the Civil Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine “On protection of rights to marks for goods and services”, the Law of Ukraine “On protection of personal data”, which regulate this industry. Also, doctrinal researches of scientists concerning compensation of moral damage and losses, ways of illegal use of a trademark on the Internet are considered. Thus, within the framework of consideration of the specifics of moral damage, the subjective side is analyzed, namely the guilt of the offender. Problematic issues are considered, namely the violation of the violator’s illegal behavior and cases of creating a website on request.
CERTAIN ASPECTS OF TRANSFER OF PENSIONS OF PERSONS DISCHARGED FROM MILITARY SERVICE
Authors: Borychenko K. V.
Published: July 2021

The article examines some aspects of the recalculation of the pension of persons discharged from military service in connection with the increase in cash benefits for certain categories of servicemen. It is established that in connection with the increase in cash security of the relevant categories of servicemen from January 1, 2018, the right of persons discharged from military service to adequate pension provision was unlawfully restricted by applying only three components of cash benefits: salary; salary for military (special) rank; interest allowance for years of service in the relevant or similar position held by the person on the date of dismissal (on the date of business trip to work in public authorities, local governments or their bodies, enterprises, institutions, organizations, higher education institutions). It is established that the normative provision of the right to recalculation of pensions of persons discharged from military service was brought in line with international standards, the content of the principles of the rule of law and legality, the requirements of legislative technique only from March 5, 2019 – the date of entry into force of a court decision and invalid certain provisions of the resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, which limited the guarantees of the right of persons discharged from military service to recalculate pensions in connection with increasing cash benefits of relevant categories of servicemen, enshrined in the Law of Ukraine “On pensions of persons discharged from military service, and some other people”. The actual restoration of the right of persons discharged from military service to recalculate their pensions in connection with the increase of cash security of the relevant categories of servicemen, taking into account all its (cash) components occurs only in court as a result of court decisions recognizing illegal actions (inaction) of the Pension Fund of Ukraine and their obligation to recalculate the pension of a former serviceman, taking into account the relevant salaries, military (special) rank, interest allowance for years of service, monthly additional types of cash benefits (allowances, surcharges, promotions) and bonuses in the sizes established by the legislation.
GENESIS OF CONTROL (SUPERVISION) IN THE FIELD OF FOOD INDUSTRY
Authors: Pustovit Yu. Yu.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of using the concept of “public administration”. Quite often the concept of “public administration” is compared with the civil service, used in the discussion of economic problems, the implementation of political propaganda, justification and legalization of public policy, which is not correct enough. Unfortunately, today there is no single view among scholars on what constitutes public administration and what its essence is. The study is devoted to highlighting the historical essence of key and derived concepts of control (supervision), explores the current conditions for ensuring the safety and quality of food as an integral and important part of the legal regulation of social relations. The article substantiates the fact that at the level of food industry enterprises the need for control is related to the need of owners for complete and truthful information about the results and state of economic activity of an individual business entity. Therefore, as a result of studying the practical and theoretical foundations of the history of the emergence and development of control at the enterprise level, new control tasks arise, which are due to specific economic conditions. The article pays special attention to the historical excursion. The study of the history of control (supervision) in a particular area makes it possible, by comparison and comparison, to understand the shortcomings in the organization of control (supervision) in a particular area that have occurred in the past and are present today, as well as to give a correct assessment of scientific achievements (supervision), obtained over many years of development of the theory and practice of control (supervision) in the food industry. The article also deals with control (supervision) in the food industry in the conditions of Ukraine’s independence. The main stages of development of control (supervision) in the food industry are analyzed on the examples of normative legal acts.
CURRENT STATE OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING FOR THE PURPOSE OF LABOR EXPLOITATION IN UKRAINE AND THE WORLD
Authors: Pavlenko S. O.
Published: July 2021

The article is based on the study of scientific literature of domestic and foreign scientists, analytical materials, statistics published in the official statistical reporting of both governmental and non-governmental international organizations engaged in combating trafficking in human beings, as well as statistical information of judicial and law enforcement agencies of Ukraine and public organizations, an attempt was made to investigate the main trends and scales of human trafficking for labor exploitation in Ukraine and the world, identified the areas (spheres) in which labor exploitation is most often resorted to, and clarified the main determinants of this crime. It is noted that labor exploitation is the most common form of human trafficking in the world, and it is most active in the following sectors of the economy: construction, manufacturing, mining, hospitality (47%); household (24%); agriculture (11%). At the same time, attention is drawn to the fact that the indicators of forced labor by sectors of the economy differ depending on the geographical location of a country, the traditions of production of certain goods and so on. According to the results of an empirical study, it is established that citizens of Ukraine most often become victims of human trafficking for the purpose of labor exploitation in the following sectors of the economy: agriculture – 43.2%; industrial and construction enterprises (construction, underground factories, ancillary works) – 35.7%; entertainment and service – 12%; other – 9.1% (housekeeping, care for the elderly or sick), etc. Analysis of judicial practice (court rulings under Article 149 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine) shows that a significant number of victims of trafficking in human beings for the purpose of labor exploitation in Ukraine are socially vulnerable persons. It is concluded that poverty is a determining factor in trafficking in human beings for the purpose of labor exploitation. It is the lack of high-paying work in the country of residence that forces potential victims of this crime to look for better-paying jobs abroad.
PROCEDURAL FEATURES OF INTERROGATION OF THE ACCUSED DURING THE TRIAL
Authors: Chernetska V. S.
Published: July 2021

The effectiveness of criminal procedure in prosecuting perpetrators of crimes and protecting individuals from illegal and unfounded accusations is largely determined by the quality of legislation and the practice of using statutory procedural actions aimed at collecting and examining evidence in criminal cases, ensuring the rights of participants in criminal proceedings. Such actions include, first of all, interrogation. Interrogation is the most important form of trial. Without interrogation, it would hardly be possible to imagine at least one court hearing. Even in absentia, the circle of interrogated persons (victims, witnesses, experts) is very wide. Interrogation is one of the most common investigative and judicial actions, it occupies a special place among the methods of proof provided by law, in terms of methods of its implementation and opportunities to prove the circumstances relevant to the proper resolution of a criminal case. Interrogation is a multifaceted legal phenomenon that can be considered as an investigative action, as one of the ways provided by law to collect and verify evidence, as an institution of law, as one of the powers of the bodies of criminal investigation and court, as a form of manifestation of criminal investigation, as one of the ways provided by law to expose persons guilty of a crime; as a procedural way of forming testimony, as a way of protection (suspects – from suspicion, accused – from accusation), as a way to protect their rights and legitimate interests of victims of crime, as a way to legalize factual data obtained as a result of operational and investigative measures. One of the main types of interrogation is the interrogation of the accused during the trial. It is from the interrogation of the defendant in most cases that the examination of evidence begins, because it is from his testimony that the further course of the entire trial depends. That is why this article considers the criminal-procedural aspect of interrogation of the accused during the trial, describes the pros and cons of the interrogation of the prosecution, analyzes the tactics of interrogation by the prosecutor and the defense of the defendant, and provides recommendations for improving criminal procedure law.
Struktur dan Komposisi Jenis Mangrove di Kabupaten Bangka Barat
Authors: Rosalina Dwi , Katarina Hesty Rombe
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengetahui struktur dan komposisi mangrove di Kabupaten Bangka Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling, dimana penentuan stasiun dengan memilih daerah yang mewakili lokasi pengamatan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat sembilan jenis mangrove yang ditemukan pada stasiun penelitian, yang paling banyak ditemukan jenis Rhizophora mucronata dan Rhizophora apiculata, nilai kerapatan terbesar terdapat pada stasiun 1 berkisar 0,117 dengan jenis Rhizophora apiculata. Nilai frekuensi jenis terbesar yaitu 1 terdapat pada stasiun I, III dan V dengan jenis mangrove Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata dan Xylocarpus granatum. Nilai penutupan jenis sebesar 48, 410 % terdapat pada stasiun I dengan jenis mangrove Rhizophora apiculata dan INP sebesar 169,010 terdapat pada stasiun I dengan jenis mangrove Rhizophora apiculata. Jenis Rhizophora sangat mendominansi karena Rhizophora memiliki adaptasi yang tinggi terhadap faktor parameter lingkungan seperti tipe substrat, fluktuasi salinitas, pasang surut, kandungan bahan organik, suhu dan pH. jenis Rhizophora apiculata mempunyai kemampuan adaptasi yang tinggi dimana tempat jenis ini tumbuh.
Persepsi Nelayan Terhadap Ice Flake Machine Sebagai Sarana Rantai Dingin di Kota Padang
Authors: Wahyu Andriani Fitria , Yusra Yusra , Adhi Rahmawan Guntur
Published: July 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persepsi nelayan terhadap IFM sebagai sarana rantai dingin di Kota Padang. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah hasil wawancara/kuisioner dengan pihak pengelola IFM dan nelayan di sekitar Kota Padang. Selain itu, data produksi hasil tangkapan ikan Kota Padang Tahun 2019 dan data penjualan ice flake dari 2 (dua) pengelola IFM di Kota Padang pada bulan Januari s.d. Agustus 2019 digunakan sebagai data pendukung. Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah regresi linear. Tidak semua nelayan mengetahui adanya IFM serta minimnya pengetahuan nelayan tentang perlakuan terhadap hasil tangkapan ikan dengan menggunakan es atau sistem rantai dingin yang baik dan benar. Kurangnya sosialisasi dari pihak pengelola kepada nelayan dan pelaku usaha perikanan sekitar juga menyebabkan kurangnya permintaan ice flake yang berujung pada tidak beroperasinya IFM yang ada di Kota Padang.
The Analisa Kelayakan Usaha Penangkapan Ikan dengan Pole and Line pada KM. Aspac 11
Authors: Suharyanto Suharyanto , Indi Beta , Sururi Misbah , Hikmatian Maqdits , Poltak Hendra
Published: July 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis tingkat kelayakan usaha penangkapan ikan dengan pole and line pada KM Aspac 11 yang beroperasi di WPPNRI 715. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kapal KM Aspac dan di tempat pendaratan ikan pada tanggal 02 Maret s.d 30 Mei 2020. Jenis penelitian merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Variabel kelayakan usaha yang dianalisis dalam penelitian ini berupa NPV (Net Present Value),  IRR (Internal Rate of Return), dan Benefit Cost Ratio (B/C Ratio). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usaha penangkapan yang dilakukan KM Aspac 11 di WPPNRI 715 layak untuk dijalankan dengan nilai NPV Rp. 916.444.000, sebesar, IRR  sebesar 28,85, dan B/C Ratio sebesar 1,05.
PENILAIAN MUTU ORGANOLEPTIK IKAN MOMAR (Decapterus spp.) SELAMA PENYIMPANAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ES
Authors: Sayuti Msayuti
Published: July 2021

Salah satu masalah yang sering timbul pada sektor perikanan adalah dalam mempertahankan mutu ikan. Pada suhu ruang, ikan lebih cepat memasuki fase rigor mortis dan berlangsung lebih singkat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui mutu organoleptik ikan momar (Decapterus spp.) yang didinginkan dengan es (icing). Sampel ikan diperoleh dari Tempat Pendaratan Ikan (TPI) Klaligi Kota Sorong dengan panjang berkisar 20-21 cm dan berat 150-200 gr. Pengujian organoleptik dilakukan pada H0 (pertama datang), H2 (penyimpanan hari ke-2) dan H4 (penyimpanan hari ke-4). Selain pengujian organoleptik juga dilakukan perhitungan kebutuhan es dan laju pengaliran panas untuk proses pendinginan ikan. Hasil uji organoleptik menunjukkan ada penurunan mutu ikan yaitu nilai organoleptik 9 (H0), nilai organoleptik 8 (H2) dan nilai organoleptik 7 (H4). Nilai organoleptik ikan momar selama penyimpanan dengan es mengalami penurunan mutu walaupun masih dikatakan segar.
Association of the rs17250932, rs4794067 and rs2240017 polymorphism in the TBX21 gene with autoimmune diseases: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Haili , Wang Hong , Wu Yue , Ling Hua-yun , Wu Ling-ling , Ye Dong-Qing , Wang Bin
Published: July 2021

Objective: To systematically evaluate the association between TBX21 gene polymorphisms (rs17250932, rs2240017, and rs4794067) and the risk of autoimmune diseases in Asian populations.Methods: The Medline, Web of Science, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database were used to retrieve eligible studies that were published before July 2020. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated by using the dominant model, heterozygote contrast model, and allelic contrast model. Publication bias was evaluated using contour-enhanced funnel plots and Egger’s regression test. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the robustness of this meta-analysis.Results: A total of 12 eligible studies including 3834 patients and 4824 healthy controls were recruited in this meta-analysis. The pooled data demonstrated that TBX21 rs2240017 and rs4794067 polymorphisms are significantly associated with the risk of autoimmune diseases in Asian populations in allelic contrast model (OR: 1.456, 95% CI: 1.131–1.875, p=0.004; OR: 0.766, 95% CI: 0.615–0.954, p=0.017), heterozygote comparison model (OR: 1.647, 95% CI: 1.239–2.189, p=0.001; OR: 0.796, 95% CI: 0.634–0.999, p=0.049), and dominant mode (OR: 1.572, 95% CI: 1.194–2.071, p=0.004; OR: 0.767, 95% CI: 0.607–0.970, p=0.027). The G allele of rs2240017 may be a risk factor for autoimmune diseases and the T allele of rs4794067 may increase the risk of autoimmune diseases. However, we failed to find evidence of the association between TBX21 rs17250932 polymorphism and susceptibility to autoimmune diseases. No publication bias was found in this meta-analysis.Conclusions: This meta-analysis indicated that TBX21 rs2240017 and rs4794067 polymorphisms confer susceptibility to autoimmune diseases, but not rs17250932.
Clinical features of children with atopic dermatitis according to filaggrin gene variants
Authors: Ziaali Arghavan , Sharifi Laleh , Teimourian Shahram , Hasani Bita , Isaian Anna , Shariat Mansoureh
Published: July 2021

Background: Filament aggregating protein (Filaggrin) is a skeletal cell component that provides a protective function for the epidermis. Mutations of the filaggrin gene (FLG) cause a loss of filaggrin protein. These mutations are seen in 50% of atopic dermatitis (AD). The aim of the study was to investigate the polymorphisms and mutations of the FLG in Iranian childrenwith AD.Materials and methods: This project was a case-controlled study with 25 children diagnosed with AD as the case group and 25 healthy children as the control group. Demographic data, clinical manifestations, and filaggrin single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and mutations were recorded. Blood samples were collected for the immunoglobulin E (IgE) assay and complete blood count tests.Results: We found a significant association between the presence of polymorphism (rs66831674) and patients’ age, and polymorphism (rs41267154) and early onset of AD. We found no significant differences between the FLG polymorphisms with respect to the severity of AD, ethnicity, concurrent allergic diseases, eosinophilia, and IgE serum levels.Conclusion: Interestingly, FLG variants (rs66831674 and rs41267154) were associated with age and early onset of AD. However, additional studies are required to confirm these results on a large scale of Iranian population. Moreover, establishing a cohort prospective study is suggested to assess the progression of other atopic disorders based on FLG polymorphisms.
Evaluation of a pre-co-seasonal and a perennial schedule of a single multiallergen depigmented-polymerized subcutaneous immunotherapy in paediatric patients.
Authors: Martinez-Cañavate Burgos Ana , Torres Javier , Belen Molina Ana , Muños Candelaria , Diaz Manuel , Corzo Jose Luis , Echeverria Luis , Sanchez Jaime , Ruiz-Garcia Monica
Published: July 2021

Aim: Compare a pre-co-seasonal with a perennial schedule using an undiluted mixture of a depigmented-polymerized grass/Olea europaea immunotherapy (2,000 DPP/mL) in pediatric patients with rhinitis/rhinoconjunctivitis with or without controlled asthma.Material and Methods: Primary objective was to determine the non-superiority of a perennial compared to a pre-co-seasonal schedule by means of Paediatric/Adolescent Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (PRQLQ/AdolRQLQ). Secondary objectives were Paediatric Asthma/Caregiver´s Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ/PACQLQ) Asthma Control Test (ACT), Visual Analogue Scale global assessment of allergic disease (VAS), use of resources and immunological response. All variables were compared during the pollen season (April-June) without (2015) and with (2016) immunotherapy.Results: Forty patients were included in the study of which 29 patients were assigned to the perennial and 11 to the pre-co-seasonal schedule. During 2016 pollen season a significant improvement in the PRQLQ/AdolRQLQ, PAQLQ/AdolAQLQ, ACT and VAS score were observed both in perennial and pre-co-seasonal schedule group. No significant differences were seen between treatment schedules for PRQLQ/AdolRQLQ, PAQLQ/AdolAQLQ and ACT scores comparing both pollen seasons. A significant increase in sIgG4 and reduction in the number of rescue medications used and number of patients who needed visit to any specialist was observed in both treatment schedules during 2016 pollen season. No relevant differences were found in the safety profile of any treatment schedule.Discussion: Treatment with undiluted mixture of a depigmented-polymerized Grass/Olea europaea allergen immunotherapy has proven to be effective both using a perennial and a pre-co-seasonal schedule and therefore suitable for polyallergic patients.
The Preschool Asthma Risk Factors Scale: A predictive tool for asthma and respiratory symptoms among preschool children in Lebanon
Authors: Hallit Souheil , Rahme Clara , Sacre Hala , Waked Mirna , Salemeh Pascale
Published: July 2021

Background: The Preschool Asthma Risk Factor Scale (PS-ARFS) is a tool that enables clinicians to assess environmental exposure of preschool children, history of parental asthma, and dietary habits. The objective of this study was to evaluate the PS-ARFS ability to predict asthma diagnosis and respiratory symptoms 1 year after baseline assessment and improve the scale if necessary.Methods: A prospective cohort study conducted between November 2018 and March 2019 in three Lebanese schools (from three different Lebanese Governorates) enrolled 515 preschool children aged 3–5 years. Parents completed a detailed questionnaire sent with their children (Phase 1; T0). All parents who participated in Phase 1 were invited to take the same survey by telephone (Phase 2; T1), 1 year later. The interview was conducted by one study-independent person. Of the total sample, 141 (27.4%) children were lost to follow-up.Results: Higher odds of asthma diagnosis at 1 year were significantly associated with playing outside (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.958) and having a heating system in the bedroom (aOR = 6.986) at baseline, but inversely associated with the female gender (aOR = 0.365). Based on those results, the improved PS-ARFS-I was generated. A higher PS-ARFS-I at T0 was significantly associated with higher odds of asthma at T1 (aOR = 1.08; p < 0.001; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05–1.10); similar results were obtained with the longer PS-ARFS (aOR = 1.079; p < 0.001; 95% CI 1.050–1.109). Moreover, among non-asthmatic children at baseline, the PS-ARFS score predicted wheezing and cough at T1 but not bronchial secretions; the PS-ARFS-I score at baseline did not predict symptoms at T1.
Conclusion: This study shows that the PS-ARFS-I and PS-ARFS could predict diagnosed asthma at 1-year follow-up. The PS-ARFS predicted respiratory symptoms (wheezing and cough) after 1 year among non-asthmatic children at baseline, suggesting that a score based on risk factors, measured early on, can predict better later symptoms and disease.
Punishment, rewards and the importance of desert
Authors: Beade Gustavo
Published: July 2021

We tend to think that if we are rewarded or punished, it is due to the fact that we deserve it – that we did something that merits such praise or blame. In this article, I am interested in its relationship with criminal responsibility and criminal punishment. Whilst desert is an important concept in criminal responsibility its importance is, at times, undeveloped. My aim in this work is not to reject desert or deny its importance in criminal punishment. Instead, I will rework the concept of desert defended mainly by retributivism. I will approach this issue by considering the problem of desert in relation to rewards and punishment. Furthermore, I distinguished between two particular ways in which desert plays different and important roles: formal desert and material desert.