bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Programs for Improving Professional Competencies and Supporting the Activities of Child Protection Specialists in Russia
Authors: Merkul I.A. , Kolesnikova U.V.
Published: January 2024

The article was prepared based on the results of the round table "Specifics of the development of professional development programs for specialists in the field of child rights protection, guardianship and guardianship", held in November 2023. The review of the regional experience in the development and implementation of programs to improve the professional competencies of specialists in the field of child protection in Russia is presented. Options for the modernization of vocational education are described, including through the replication of the experience of resource centers, the introduction of adaptive, practice-oriented and flexible educational programs. The search for opportunities to improve the effectiveness of traditional and distance learning technologies in the context of digital transformation (using the example of data collection and processing) is shown. The forms and types of support for specialists in the field, including mentoring and supervision, are considered.
Студенты-медики и работа в «красной зоне» во время пандемии COVID-19: имеет ли религия значение?
Authors: Гузельбаева Гузель Яхиевна
Published: January 2024

Несколько лет пандемии COVID-19 внесли значительные изменения в сферу здравоохранения многих стран мира, а также в приоритетные представления о работе врача у населения и самих медицинских работников. На основе данных массового опроса и серии интервью, проведенных в 2022 г. на медицинских факультетах г. Москвы и г. Казани, данная статья демонстрирует, что некоторые, ранее периферийные, темы в научных исследованиях, касающихся работы врачей и среднего медицинского персонала, требуют научного анализа и осмысления. Речь идет о возросшей роли религиозного фактора не только в модели взаимоотношений «врач — пациент», но и на примере волонтерской работы и участия в деятельности «красных зон» для борьбы с COVID-19 как серьезной мотивации к профессии у студентов-медиков в целом.

Исследование продемонстрировало, что в мотивации поступления на медицинскую специальность студенты различаются в зависимости от их отношения к религии и вере. При том что подавляющее большинство студентов вне зависимости от религиозности видят цель своей работы прежде всего в желании помогать и лечить людей (77%), атеисты в большей степени, чем верующие, мотивированы такими целями в профессии, как зарабатывание медициной денег и карьерные устремления. Также религиозный фактор играет решающую роль для участия студентов-медиков в волонтерской работе — в ней задействованы 30% верующих и 18% атеистов. В практической деятельности на первый план выходит медицинский профессионализм и наличие навыков реальной работы с пациентами. Это было подтверждено положительным откликом на призыв государства помогать системе здравоохранения в периоды пика заболевания — участвовали в работе «красной зоны» в равной степени и верующие, и атеисты (по 24%).
Анализ компетентности состава территориальной избирательной комиссии и участковой избирательной комиссии в процессе подготовки и проведения выборов в городском округе Щелково Московской области
Authors: Мельков Сергей Анатольевич , Забузов Олег Николаевич , Верницкий Герман Игоревич
Published: January 2024

В статье проанализированы уровни компетентности членов территориальной избирательной комиссии (ТИК) и участковой избирательной комиссии (УИК) в процессе подготовки и проведения выборов в городском округе Щелково Московской области.

В ходе проведенного исследования установлено, что члены УИК г. о. Щелково не в полной мере готовы к подготовке и проведению избирательных кампаний. Причины этого — достаточно низкая результативность работы Центра обучения членов избирательных комиссий и иных участников избирательного процесса при Избирательной комиссии Московской области, а также в целом низкая эффективность системы подготовки членов УИК.

Анализ результатов, полученных в ходе тестирования членов ТИК г. о. Щелково, показал, что степень компетентности членов ТИК примерно равна уровню компетенции членов УИК г. о. Щелково. Это подтверждает ранее выдвинутый тезис о низкой результативности курсов подготовки, проводимых Центром обучения членов избирательных комиссий и иных участников избирательного процесса при Избирательной комиссии Московской области. Вместе с тем анализ ответов членов ТИК на вопросы тестов приводит к выводу, что большинство неверных ответов дают члены ТИК, вошедшие в ее состав по представлению политических партий, что в совокупности с данными по посещению заседаний ТИК позволяют усомниться в результативности существующего механизма формирования ТИК и УИК.

Проведенное исследование мнений жителей г. о. Щелково по тематике электорального процесса позволяет заключить, что большая часть опрошенных не принимала участия в выборах Главы городского округа Щелково и состава Совета депутатов городского округа Щелково в 2019 г. Причинами этого стали низкая информированность жителей о проведении выборов и недоверие к результатам проведения выборов. В то же время не стоит списывать со счетов определенный уровень абсентеизма избирателей г. о. Щелково.

Основными методами исследования, используемыми при написании статьи, явились анкетирование и тестирование. В статье использованы данные Росстата.
Театр в эпоху социальных изменений
Authors: Макаревич Эдуард Федорович , Хорина Галина Петровна , Завьялова Наталья Алексеевна
Published: January 2024

В статье рассматривается проблема деятельности театра в условиях социальных вызовов. Ответы на эти вызовы дают прежде всего режиссеры, которые находят художественные решения, определяющие позицию театра в эпоху перемен, и тем самым эффективно влияют на публику постановкой своих спектаклей. В истории российского и советского театра два типа режиссеров оставили свой след — режиссеры системы Станиславского и режиссеры системы Мейерхольда, режиссеры-психологи и режиссеры-конструктивисты. Исследование посвящено тому, как тот или иной тип режиссера откликается на вызовы времени.
Comparison of pain during heel prick in preterm neonates receiving only expressed breast milk and expressed breast milk with kangaroo mother care
Authors: Joshi Gurudutt , Singhvi Manila
Published: January 2024

Background: Newborns' heels are sampled for blood, which is crucial in the identification of genetic and metabolic illnesses. Repeated painful stimulation impairs the future development of their normal motor and cognitive functions. Hence it is necessary to find out suitable remedy to alleviate the pain. The aim of this study was to observe the premature newborns' response to pain (Heel prick) by giving either single (EBM) or combined (EBM and KMC).
Methods: The analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in NICU of SMIMER. hospital, Surat from March 2022 to February 2023. The study included 56 premature newborns, divided into three groups. Group A received only EBM, Group B received EBM and KMC (15 minutes), and Group C received EBM and KMC (30 minutes) before the heal prick. The pain was assessed by PIPP score in all three groups at the end of 30,60 and 120 seconds after the procedure. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24 and a one-way ANOVA test was applied.
Results: The PIPP score after 60 seconds between Group A with B and A with C was statistically significant (p<0.05) whereas Group B with C was insignificant (p>0.05). The score after 60 seconds between Group A with B and A with C was statistically significant (p<0.05) whereas Group B with C was insignificant (p>0.05).
Conclusions: EBM with KMC (15 minutes) duration had an effective impact on pain relief as compared to EBM with KMC (30 minutes) duration at the interval of 60 seconds.
Matruj baby massage oil: an herbal skincare massage oil for healthy growth of baby
Authors: Deshpande Vallabh , Deshpande Tanuja
Published: January 2024

Background: Baby massage is an ancient tradition of providing nurturing touch as a way of communicating and bonding with baby. The present research was based on preparation and evaluation of herbal baby massage oil which is FDA approved product named as ‘Matruj Baby Massage oil’.
Methods: The Matruj baby massage oil was prepared by ancient ayurvedic method and further evaluated by different parameters.
Results: The Matruj baby massage oil was appeared as transparent with intense orange colour and having pleasant odour. It doesn’t cause any irritation on baby’s skin surface. Its pH value is close to healthy baby skin surface. Acid value was found to be 2.24%. Viscosity, saponification value, specific gravity observed 0.01652 Pa.s, 135.76, 1.08662 kg/m3 respectively.
Conclusions: Matruj baby massage oil is herbal based product which increases the strength, nourishes body, improves skin texture and accelerates the healthy growth and development of baby. Increased weight gain, reduced pain, enhanced attentiveness, and enhanced immune function.
Current clinical profiles of acute respiratory tract infections in children between 2 months to 5 years
Authors: Desouza Junita , Patil Mohan , Thomas Indu , Desouza Juanita
Published: January 2024

Background: The nascent respiratory tract of infants is highly vulnerable to frequent infections, thereby making acute respiratory infections a major risk factor for under five years morbidity and mortality. The clinical presentation of acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) is however ambiguous and varied depending on a plethora of factors. The aim was to delineate the respiratory disease profiles of children aged 2 months-5 years in Western Maharashtra.
Methods: The present cross sectional analytical study was conducted on 249 children aged between 2 months-5 years consulting the Pediatric wards and OPD with complaints of fever with cough, cold, breathlessness, and chest pain. A comprehensive medical history was procured, followed by general and systemic examinations. Infections were assessed and x-ray was taken for all the patients. Data was analyzed using statistical software R version 4.0.3 and Microsoft Excel.
Results: The male:female ratio in the study was 137:112. Cold (80.72%) and cough (74.3%) were the most widely experienced symptoms among patients, while chest pain (0.8%) was the least common. Among 249 cases, upper respiratory tract infection (URTI; 60%) was more predominantly noted than lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI; 44.8%). Nasopharyngitis (34.14%) and tonsillopharyngitis (6.83%) were the commonly prevalent types of URTI whereas pneumonia and bronchiolitis were the most recurrent types in the LRTI.
Conclusions: Practitioners must consider the possibility of acute URTI more closely and must not be quick to disregard common symptoms such as cold and cough. Misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis can severely hamper the prognosis of ARTI in young children. Hence, keeping abreast of the current clinical profiles exhibited by ARTI is of paramount importance for practitioners and the general population in the fight against under 5 mortalities.
Assessment of the emotional intelligence and its dimensions of medical interns
Authors: Singh Harmesh , Singh Ishneet , Soni R. K.
Published: January 2024

Background: Emotional intelligence (EI) is multidimensional and includes maturity, sensitivity and competency. It is the skill to identify and understand own and others’ emotions to respond appropriately. Medical interns are expected to have a high degree of EI to face their professional career challenges. During the medical professional training cognitive and clinical skills are evaluated but their EI and its dimensions are nor assessed; hence this study was planned to assess the EI and its dimensions in medical interns.
Methods: Objectives were to assess the EI and its dimensions of 140 medical interns. Study design was a descriptive and cross-sectional study. Ethical approval from institutional ethics committee and informed written consent from participants was obtained; administered a questionnaire-based EI test. Data obtained was analysed by ANOVA.
Results: Eighty (62.0%) participants were females and 49 (38.0%) males. The mean age of them was 23 years. The mean total EI score was 343.72. It was slightly higher (344.00) in the female interns than in males (343.27). Among the emotional dimensions majority (79.1%) of interns had significantly high (p=0.0001) percentile scores in competency. 67.4% were having significantly lower (p=0.0001) percentile scores in maturity dimension of EI. Sensitivity percentile score was high in 54.3% and low in 45.7% (p=0.7724).
Conclusions: This study provides insight about the EI and its dimensions in the medical interns. The maturity and sensitivity are the weaker dimensions of EQ requiring improvement or further development.
Metabolic syndrome in children with overweight and obesity: a hospital based cross sectional study
Authors: Vijayakumar Madhava , Balakrishnan Ajitha , Pillai Sabitha Sasidharan
Published: January 2024

Background: Objective of the research was to study metabolic syndrome (MS) in children with overweight and obesity.
Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out on 264 children aged 3-16 years with overweight and obesity attending the endocrinology clinic of a tertiary care hospital in South India from January 2016 to March 2018. Children with and without MS were compared.
Results: Out of 264 children with overweight or obesity, 80 had MS (30.3%). Among children with obesity, proportion of patients with MS (40.5% versus 24.2%, p=0.012), hypertriglyceridemia (54.8% versus 37.5%, p=0.013), low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (42.9% versus 28.1%, p=0.027) and dyslipidemia (78.6% versus 59.4%, p=0.004) were higher among girls versus boys. Proportion of patients with elevated systolic blood pressure (BP) (18.8% versus 4.3%, p<0.0001), elevated diastolic BP (34.5% versus 5.4%, p<0.0001), impaired fasting glucose (16.2% versus 7.6%, p=0.033), hypertriglyceridemia (85% versus 26.6%, p<0.0001), low HDL-C (75% versus 15.2%, p<0.0001) and dyslipidemia (97.5% versus 57.1%, p<0.0001) were higher in those with MS versus those without.
Conclusions: MS noted in younger children with overweight and obesity in the current study is concerning as these children are at increased risk for hypertension, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in early adulthood leading to huge economic burden on the country. It is therefore of utmost importance to take necessary steps to identify these children, manage obesity effectively before MS sets in and initiate preventive measures thereby ensuring a healthy young generation in the coming years.
Assessment of severity of community acquired pneumonia by paediatric infectious diseases society and clinical and radiological profile in 0-5 year age group
Authors: Shukla Om Prakash , Rathwa Nikunj , Mude Lokesh Naik
Published: January 2024

Background: The WHO estimates that ARI, mostly in the form of CAP, is the leading cause of death in children under five, killing over 2 million children annually. The present study's PEWS score and PIDS severity criteria were undertaken to know the clinical and radiological profile of patients with Pneumonia and to categorize these patients with PEWS score and PIDS criteria to redefine their severity and assess the management and outcomes.
Methods: Patients aged between 0 to 5 years who presented with cough complaints and respiration difficulty were assessed. The criteria for ICU admission is the presence of more than 2 minor criteria or one of the major criteria. PIDS criteria for CAP recommends ICU admission or continuous monitoring for children in ED.
Results: A prospective observational study of 104 children with CAP was included, and their pneumonia was evaluated using PIDS criteria. The patients were categorized for pneumonia according to PIDS criteria. 32.69% of children were classified as severe CAP (p value=0.02). This difference between non-severe and severe Pneumonia is considered to be statistically significant in which patients classified as severe CAP.  
Conclusions: The patients were categorized for Pneumonia according to PIDS criteria. 32.69% of children were classified as severe CAP (p value=0.02). This difference between non-severe and severe Pneumonia is considered to be statistically significant in which patients classified as severe CAP needed vigorous management in emergency department followed by ICU management.
Myocardial dysfunction and thrombocytopenia, rare manifestations of acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis: case report
Authors: Malik Nazish , Arif Mohammad
Published: January 2024

In this case report, we present two rare cases of acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis with unusual manifestations in the form of myocardial dysfunction and thrombocytopenia. APSGN typically follows Streptococcal infections and is characterized by inflammation of glomeruli. These cases, however, exhibited additional complexities. The first case involved a 12-year-old male with fever, shortness of breath, and cough. He presented with pedal edema, pallor, and hypertension. Laboratory findings revealed thrombocytopenia, anemia, and decreased C3 levels, while echocardiography indicated grade-3 diastolic dysfunction. The second case featured a 5-year-old female with icterus, fever, and body swelling. She had a palpable liver, pleural effusion, and thrombocytopenia. Both cases were diagnosed with APSGN, congestive heart failure, and thrombocytopenia. Thrombocytopenia is a rare finding in APSGN, and its etiology remains debated. Treatment included decongestive therapy and antihypertensive medication. Notably, thrombocytopenia in both cases improved without specific intervention, challenging the necessity of steroids or IVIg therapy. This report illuminates on the atypical presentation of APSGN, highlighting the potential coexistence of glomerulonephritis and thrombocytopenia. It underscores the need for further research to better understand this association and determine appropriate treatment protocols. These cases emphasize the importance of considering diverse clinical manifestations in the context of APSGN, calling for a broader understanding of this condition.
Hot cross bun in pediatric age multi-system atrophy an unusual presentation
Authors: Mude Lokesh Naik , Shukla Omprakash Shital , Shah Rinki H. , Barad Rajesh Rambhai
Published: January 2024

A 10-year-old female was brought to emergency department with complaint fever, cold, and cough for 5 days followed by weakness of upper limb weakness more than Lower limb associated with inability to walk/stand, brought to emergency with altered sensorium. Nervous system: Confused and altered, tone is normal, power: 3/3 in upper limbs 2/2 in lower limbs and reflexes in bilateral knee brisk, bilateral plantar-extensor; On general examination revealed hypomimia, dysarthria and bilateral bradykinesia along with ataxic gait and pyramidal signs. Blood investigation were normal and diagnosis made by neuroimaging s/o: Bilaterally symmetrical abnormal signal in both postero-medial thalami, bilateral insular cortices, pons and bilateral middle cerebellar peduncles. It is extending into pons involving transverse pontocerebellar tracts and median pontine raphe nuclei giving 'Hot cross bun sign' (HCBS). During course of treatment child had autonomic disturbances. Child was treated with supportive medication and methyl-presdnisolone followed by oral steroid. Child had responded to treatment given and child has been discharged with no neurological deficit on oral medications. We concluded autonomic dysfunction in any patient presenting with acute onset of weakness with short duration must evaluate for MSA and institute appropriate treatment.
Splenic abscess, a rare complication in a case of sickle cell thalassemia
Authors: Ponathil Ankitha , Rai Rajesh , Inamdar Prithi , Naulakha Ravi
Published: January 2024

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited autosomal recessive haemoglobinopathy. Sickle cell beta thalassemia is a variant syndrome of SCD characterised by the compound heterozygosity for sickle and beta thalassemia genes. We present a case of 12 year old male child diagnosed case of sickle cell thalassemia at the age of 2 years with complaints of fever, yellowish discolouration of eyes and drowsiness. USG abdomen was done suggestive of splenomegaly, multiple ill-defined, heterogeneously hypo-echoic, areas scattered throughout the splenic parenchyma with no vascularity within likely representing as splenic micro-abscesses. Child was started on antibiotics covering anaerobic and gram-positive organisms (vancomycin, meropenem, amikacin and metronidazole). Currently child is doing well with huge relieve to his symptoms.
Impact of diabetes mellitus on tuberculosis treatment outcomes: a cohort study in Bengaluru, India
Authors: Gudegowda Kishore Shettihalli , Jagadish Deepak Murthy H. , Sobagaiah Ranganath T.
Published: January 2024

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in regions with a high prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aims to evaluate the impact of DM on the treatment outcomes of TB patients in Bengaluru, India.
Methods: In this cohort study, we examined 592 patients with smear-positive pulmonary TB, half of whom had a comorbid diagnosis of DM. Conducted in the Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike area, the study included patients registered under the national TB elimination programme (NTEP). Data were collected on demographic characteristics, treatment adherence, sputum positivity, and treatment outcomes over six months.
Results: The study revealed a high prevalence of DM among TB patients. Significant associations were observed between DM and various challenges, including higher rates of sputum positivity, poor adherence to anti-TB and anti-diabetic medications, increased adverse drug reactions (ADRs), and a higher default rate. TB patients with DM had a 1.5 times higher risk of unsuccessful treatment outcomes compared to non-diabetics. Furthermore, the risk of poor outcomes, particularly relapse, increased substantially in the TB-DM group during the six-month follow-up.
Conclusions: Our findings highlight the crucial need for integrated TB and DM management strategies. This includes routine DM screening for TB patients, personalized treatment regimens, and enhanced patient education and support. These measures are essential for improving treatment outcomes in TB patients with comorbid DM.
Malignant external otitis: about 50 cases at Fann hospital center
Authors: Diouf Mame Sanou , Barry Mouhamed , Ndiaye Moustapha , Tall Abdourahmane , Ndiaye Ciré , Ndiaye Malick , Niang Fallou , Niang Cheikh Diène , Fall Faty
Published: January 2024

Background: Malignant external otitis (MEO) is an osteitis of the skull base, originating in the external auditory canal. It is most common in elderly and diabetic patients. Early management prevents complications. The objective of the study is to provide an epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary profile.
Methods: From January 2010 to January 2021, we carried out a retrospective study in the ENT department of Fann hospital, selecting the patients hospitalized and suffering from malignant external otitis
Results: Fifty patients were included in this study. The mean age was 65, with a sex ratio (M/F) of 1.5. Forty-six patients were diabetic; 2 patients had leukemia and 2 had no previous history. The average length of hospital stay was 3 months. The reasons for consultation were otalgia, otorrhea and deafness in 96%, 80% and 32% respectively. Examination revealed otorrhea in 58%, peripheral facial paralysis in 54% and a polyp in 80%. Ear swab analysis isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 28%. CT scan showed ear cavity filling in 40 cases and bone lysis in 26. Antibiotic treatment was based on ciprofloxacin or ofloxacin in 44% of cases, and the combination of ceftriaxone-ciprofloxacin or ofloxacin in 44%. The average duration of treatment was 3 months. There were 12% recurrences and 2 cases of death after an average follow-up of 10 months.
Conclusions: MEO is a rare pathology that occurs more frequently in elderly subjects with immunodepressive backgrounds. Antibiotic therapy has proved effective in treating this condition.
Outcome of anti-tubercular therapy on rifampicin sensitive non-HIV patients with tubercular cervical lymphadenopathy in Bangladesh
Authors: Rifat Mahmud Asif , Al Azad M. Salahuddin , Haque M. Anwarul , Liton M. Asaduzzaman , Nahiduzzaman
Published: January 2024

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health concern, particularly in developing countries like Bangladesh. The study aims to evaluate the outcomes of a six-month anti-tubercular therapy in rifampicin (RIF)-sensitive, non-HIV patients with tubercular cervical lymphadenopathy (TCL), and to challenge the conventional wisdom of extended treatment durations.
Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted at Dhaka medical college, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from July 2019 to July 2023. A total of 189 patients diagnosed with TCL were included, adhering to specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Various socio-demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, and treatment outcomes were analyzed.
Results: The majority of the participants were aged 15-30 (71.43%) and were female (68.25%). Fever was the most common clinical presentation, affecting 66.67% of the participants. After six months of therapy, 33.86% showed a complete response, and various clinical presentations were observed, with neck pain being the most common (11.64%). Among the 64 with complete response after 6 months, only 7.81% showed relapse at follow-up.
Conclusions: Our study suggests that a six-month treatment regimen can yield significant responses in TB patients. It challenges the prevailing notion that extended treatment durations are universally necessary. Treatment plans should be individualized, taking into account the clinical conditions of each patient, and should be advised by a clinician or a respected doctor.
Utility of Lugol’s iodine in assessing the margin status of early stage oral cavity cancer-could it be a simple and effective way to achieve R0 resection?
Authors: Shanmugam Subbiah , Balakrishnan Sathiyaseelan
Published: January 2024

Background: It is often challenging to distinguish between dysplastic and normal mucosa during surgery. Use of staining agents that will identify abnormal mucosa may improve results. Because Lugol's iodine is readily available, simple to use, and cost-effective, it was chosen as the preferred staining agent. To determine the effectiveness of Lugol’s iodine application in achieving R0 resection in early-stage oral cavity malignancy and thereby leading to better outcomes after treatment.
Methods: In this study we included 49 patients and randomized them into two arms. One arm we did wide excision for early-stage oral cavity cancers guided by subjective assessment of margins by surgeons and in another arm, we used Lugol’s iodine to define the margin. We analysed the margin status and thereby the need for the adjuvant therapy between these two groups.
Results: In those 49 patients, two of them had microscopically positive margin. One belonged to Lugol’s iodine arm and other belonged to control arm. 17 patients had close margin at mucosal site (less than 5 mm) out of which 11 belonged to control arm and 5 belonged to Lugol’s iodine arm.
Conclusions: Lugol’s iodine may be a simple and reliable method in achieving better resection margins and R0 resections for early-stage oral cavity cancer. By using this simple and cost-effective method we may reduce the possibility of ending up with positive or close margins and thereby avoiding the need of chemotherapy and radiation as adjuvant therapy in those patients.
Are we ushering into the pre-antibiotic era: alarming trends of antibiotic resistance in chronic otitis media in a tertiary care hospital in Delhi, India
Authors: Aggarwal Nitish , Sethi Deepika , Tamrakar Akshay , Sethi Ashwani
Published: January 2024

Background: Chronic otitis media is an infection of the middle ear cleft for at least 12 weeks or more. It has a high prevalence rate in India pertaining to factors like malnutrition, overcrowding and poor hygiene. Thanks to greats like Paul Ehrlich and Alexander Fleming, Antimicrobials are a powerful and readily available form of treatment for this disease.
Methods: In this study we re-evaluated the changing trends in bacteriological profile of COM and the antibiotic sensitivity pattern to most of the currently available antibiotics in a tertiary care hospital in India.
Results: Most common pathogens found in our study were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Enterococcus, Escherichia coli and Morganella morganii. A declining pattern in the sensitivity towards commonly used antibiotics with an alarming increase in MRSA was observed.
Conclusions: The trends observed in our study warrant an urgent need for antibiotic policies, judicious use of antibiotics and vigilance in our hospitals.
Risk of hearing loss in non-operated ear due to mastoid drilling
Authors: Agrawal Neetu , Sachdeva Kavita
Published: January 2024

Background: The study purpose is to evaluate the effect of drill-generated high intensity noise on hearing sensitivity in contralateral ear.
Methods: Sixty patients who underwent mastoidectomy were studied to see the effect of mastoid drilling on hearing sensitivity in normal ear using pure tone audiometry (PTA) and distortion product otoacoustic emission (OAE) values recorded preoperatively and postoperatively.
Results: For PTA, there is no significant hearing loss for 0.25 kHz and 0.50 kHz for all PODs. For 1 kHz, 2 kHz and average PTA there is significant temporary hearing loss from POD 1 to POD 7 which normalizes around POD 30. However, there is significant temporary threshold shift for 4 kHz and 8 kHz from POD 1 to POD 5 and the hearing sensitivity improves to preoperative levels at POD 7. For OAE, 1 kHz, 4 kHz and average OAE there is significant temporary hearing loss from POD 1 to POD 7 which normalizes around POD 30. However, there is significant temporary threshold shift for 2 kHz and 6 kHz from POD 1 to POD 5 and hearing sensitivity improves to preoperative levels at POD 7. There is a significant correlation between drilling duration and PTA averages and OAE averages.
Conclusions: Sensorineural hearing loss is more prevalent following modified radical and radical mastoidectomy as compared to canal wall up mastoidectomy. The factors influencing postoperative contralateral ear sensorineural hearing loss are type and size of burr and the duration of burr use.
Epidemiological study on the association between tobacco chewing and cigarette smoking in head and neck cancer patients, India
Authors: Singh Vijay Pratap , Singh Chandan Kumar , Singh Akash Kumar , Sircar Sumantra , Singh Vishal Mohan , Jha Arun Kumar , Kumar Amit , Ranjan Priyadarshi
Published: January 2024

Background: Tobacco consumption, including smoking and chewing, is a significant risk factor for head and neck cancer in India. This study aims to examine the correlation between tobacco use and the causation of cancer among oral cancer patients.
Methods: We used the hospital-based cancer registry database at Savera cancer and multispeciality hospital in Patna. This is a retrospective analysis of head and neck cancer patients. The study was conducted from January 2019 to December 2022, involving patients aged 18-75 years. Histopathology Confirmed cases (n=691) of head and neck cancer were categorized into four groups: Only smoking tobacco (N=286), Only chewing tobacco (N=243), Smoking and chewing tobacco (N=139) and non-smoking and non-chewing (N=23), and examined.
Results: Among the random cases examined (n=691), the distribution was as follows: only smoking tobacco - 286 (41.4.0%), only chewing tobacco 243 (35.2%), Smoking and Chewing Tobacco 139 (20.1%), and non-smoking and non-chewing tobacco 23 (3.3%). Statistical analysis revealed a significant (p<0.005) association between tobacco consumption and oral cancer incidence.
Conclusions: Long-term exposure to chewing/non-chewing tobacco appears to play an important role in the development of head and neck cancer. There is an urgent need for preventive measures, including targeted interventions and public health campaigns, to mitigate the burden of cancer associated with it.
Clinical-epidemiological profile of vestibular migraine patients: Indian scenario
Authors: Joy Divya , Agarwal Ayushi , K. Rohit , Singh Sumit , Kakkar Vikas , Sharma Akriti , Arora Khushboo , Stani Anusha
Published: January 2024

Background: The main objective of this study was to observe the Indian clinical scenario and analyse the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with vestibular migraine.
Methods: This is a retrospective observational descriptive study. The outpatient records of the vertigo clinic at Department of Otorhinolaryngology of SGT medical college, Budhera, Gurgaon, Haryana was assessed from April 2023 to July 2023. Patients who were diagnosed with vestibular migraine based on ICD classification as follows was included in the study.  
Results: Study population predominantly comprised of 77% (17) females and 23% (5) of males. Almost 80% of the study population belonged to age group 31-40 years. Each episode of vertigo lasts for seconds in 50% of the patients and minutes in 45% of the patients. All patients had episodic vertigo.59% of patients described the vertigo as rotatory,18 % of the study population reported imbalance,18 % described swaying and 5% reported blackouts. Most of the examination was normal except 5 out of 22 patients reported giddiness on testing vertical saccades.
Conclusions: Vestibular migraine is an underdiagnosed condition in India, there’s not much research and awareness, hence this study aims to overcome these limitations. Most of the patients were middle aged women. The physical and audiological examination of most patients were normal but showing abnormalities on testing saccades.
Comparison between upfront surgery vs salvage surgery following definitive chemoradiation in the treatment of potentially curable locally advanced oral cavity cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Shanmugam Subbiah , Shivakumar Aravind
Published: January 2024

Background: We conducted a study to compare the outcomes of upfront surgery and salvage surgery following definitive chemoradiation in locally advanced oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. This study aims to compare the short-term outcomes (postoperative morbidity, recurrence) & long-term outcomes (overall survival, disease-free survival) between upfront surgery and salvage surgery following definitive chemoradiation in locally advanced oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.
Methods: A total of sixty patients with locally advanced oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (T4a, N1-N2b) were retrospectively analyzed between January 2021 and August 2023. Thirty patients underwent upfront surgery followed by adjuvant radiation (group 1) while another thirty patients underwent salvage surgery following definitive chemoradiation (group 2) (radiation dose- 66-70 Gy)
Results: Morbidity was found to be significantly higher in the salvage surgery group (group 2) when compared to the upfront surgery group (group 1) with a p value of 0.003. There was no statistical significance between the two groups in terms of disease-free survival and overall survival.
Conclusions: This retrospective study shows that there are no significant differences in overall survival and disease-free survival amongst patients of locally advanced oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma treated with upfront surgery and salvage surgery following definitive chemoradiation. Morbidity is significantly higher in the salvage surgery group.
Late endoscopic removal of a bullet in the orbital apex
Authors: Chai Yan Yu , Safuraa Sharifah Intan , Kanapaty Yogesvaran , Doi Mohamad
Published: January 2024

We report a case of gunshot injury causing bullet embedded in the left orbital apex via entry point at left eyebrow with immediate left visual impairment. The exact location of bullet was identified using computerized tomography scan and the bullet was removed via endoscopic approach. The case showed the management of bullet removal with endoscopic guidance to minimise the injury to adjacent structure and for better cosmetic outcome without any external incision to the face. In the current case report the bullet was removed via endoscopic approach. Endoscopic removal of bullet in the orbital apex causes less local damage, less bleeding risk , better wound healing, and better cosmetic outcomes.
IgG4 related disease masquerading as a sinonasal mass: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Krishnan Meenu , Rangachari Vijay , Katti Sanjeev , Channabasappa Yathish G. , H. Rakshit Susmita
Published: January 2024

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a relatively new autoimmune fibroinflammatory disease. Most seen to affect the pancreas and biliary tract, IgG4-RD of the nose and paranasal sinuses is very rare. Known to have tumour-like clinical presentations, they can present with varying levels of dysfunction of the organs they affect. In the paranasal sinuses, it can present with nasal block, discharge, bleeds, and sometimes, with symptoms that arise as a consequence of bony erosions and subsequent extension of the disease. We present a case of a 52-year-old lady, who presented with a painful swelling over the malar region with discoloration of the overlying skin. Radiological evaluation helps to check for bony erosions and soft tissue infiltration. Histopathology with immunohistochemistry helps to confirm the diagnosis of IgG4-RD. Most patients benefit from a long course of oral steroids and regular follow-ups, that help to prevent recurrence and ensure a good quality of life for the patient.
A rare case of unilateral lymphoid papillary hyperplasia of tonsil in a nine-year-old girl
Authors: Narang Ekta , Gupta Aarshi , Khatri Arti , Jain Neha , Tyagi Sonali , Chaudhary Dimple
Published: January 2024

We report a rare case of lymphoid papillary hyperplasia of palatine tonsil in a 9-year-old girl. It is a rare benign pathology characterised by papillomatous appearance of palatine tonsil with reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. Early recognition of this lesion is important because in spite of clinical feature being suggestive of malignant tumour, it is a benign tumour-like proliferation, that can easily be cured by tonsillectomy.
An interesting case of extraluminal migrating fish bone
Authors: Rathod Indutai G. , Pawar Vishal H. , Shivasharan Sujit M.
Published: January 2024

Hypopharyngeal and oesophageal foreign bodies are usually intraluminal but sharp foreign bodies can get impacted submucosally or extraluminally due to inadvertent attempt of removal by patient. Foreign body impaction is a common condition in Asian populations, with fish bone being the most common, often migrating to the lateral neck space or related organs. This case report emphasizes the significance of proper history and awareness among clinicians about the migration of fish bones, aiming to prevent diagnosis delays and potential complications. The present case depicts an unusual presentation of fish bone in case of 71 year old male patient farmer by occupation presented with chief complains of difficulty in deglutition, right side diffuse neck swelling associated with foreign body sensation in throat. The patient underwent clinical and radiological examination, which was diagnostically confirmed that fish bone present in retropharyngeal space. In management we had done tracheotomy followed by endoscopic examination and SOS removal but foreign body not found intraluminally. Patient started on higher antibiotics to decrease septic foci. Patient improved drastically and managed the patient conservatively. To our knowledge such a case has not been reported in literature.
Role of magnetic resonance imaging in sinonasal pathology: a review
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar , Barik Prerna , Sarangi Pradosh Kumar
Published: January 2024

The last several years have seen a considerable advancement in the treatment of sinonasal diseases. The advent of minimally invasive functional endoscopic sinus surgery has led to an increased understanding of the anatomy and function of the sinonasal region, making previously inaccessible areas safe to operate in. The advancement in imaging of the sinonasal tract has been associated with the evolution of endoscopic sinus surgery. The imaging of sinonasal pathology has progressed from conventional radiographs (plain films) to computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Technological advancements in CT and MRI have given a precise differential diagnosis and greater detail about the anatomical extent of sinonasal pathologies. Because the high water content of the inflammatory state causes a markedly enhanced signal on T2-weighted scans, MRI can currently distinguish between retained secretions and inflammatory responses from the mass of the tumor. The invasive lesions affecting the soft tissues outside of the sinonasal region are more easily distinguished by MRI. MRI largely took the position of CT scan for malignant sinonasal lesions due to its superior capacity to distinguish between inflammation and tumor and its increased sensitivity for intracranial extension. MRI can be more useful than a CT scan in demonstrating the degree of soft tissue abnormalities and in identifying lesions that have returned after surgery.
Guía metodológica para alinear la planificación energética y eléctrica con las estrategias climáticas de largo plazo en América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Menzies Craig James , Ruiz Avelina , Rivera Inder
Published: January 2024

Un buen diseño del sistema energético futuro debe considerar la forma en que las LTS conciben y manejan los impactos locales del cambio climático, anticipando cómo éste va a afectar la generación y la demanda de energía y la viabilidad técnica y económica de la infraestructura energética. Con base en ello, se podrá desarrollar una estrategia de ajuste y transición de los sistemas. Es por ello que este documento presenta una Guía que procura sistematizar todos los puntos a considerar para promover una efectiva alineación entre los planes de expansión del sector energético (PESE) de los países y sus LTS. Si bien las LTS abarcan objetivos de descarbonización y de resiliencia, esta guía se enfoca principalmente en los primeros. Para su formulación se tuvieron en cuenta las lecciones aprendidas a nivel internacional respecto al desarrollo de los asuntos energéticos en las LTS y su alineación con los PESE, las particularidades de los países de ALC, y la literatura relativa a temas de planificación energética a largo plazo.
Russian Culture as a Subject of Research in Philosophy
Authors: Bolshakova Alla
Published: January 2024

The subject of the article is the interpretation of Russian culture by modern philosophical thought. The main attention is paid to a new monograph by Olga A. Zhukova, professor at the HSE University. The task of the author of the article is to consider the peculiarities of the methodological approaches to the study of the cultural heritage of Russia (especially the idealocentric ones), as well as individual research samples, which reveal the main idea of the book about the deep semantic interactions of creativity and religiosity in the artistic, philosophical, socio-political consciousness of outstanding Russian representatives. The author of the article identifies original conceptual provisions that allow the scholar to interpret the historical experience of Russian culture as a dynamically changing integrity: as a process of creation and inheritance of cultural patterns and archetypes that influence the ideas of the spiritual, artistic and social ideals.
APLICAÇÃO DE EXTENSÃO DE NAVEGADOR DE INTERNET NA PLATAFORMA CURRÍCULO LATTES PARA OBTENÇÃO DE DADOS E ANÁLISE DE PONTUAÇÃO DE ARTIGOS PUBLICADOS EM PERIÓDICOS
Authors: Da Costa Renato Pinheiro , De Almeida Corrêa Paulo Sérgio , Lima da Silva Elaniese Do Socorro
Published: January 2024

Construímos este estudo com a finalidade de apresentar e analisar a aplicação de extensão de navegador de internet sobre a plataforma Currículo Lattes para demonstrar informações detalhadas da pontuação de artigos publicados em periódicos.  A disponibilidade de mais informações sobre a pontuação de publicações qualificadas dos pesquisadores na Plataforma do Currículo Lattes do CNPq pode auxiliar as instituições de ensino superior a construírem planos de trabalho dos seus servidores que levam em consideração a produção acadêmica? Procedemos metodologicamente utilizando a pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e a demonstração da utilização das extensões QLattes e Qualis no Lattes, considerando o período histórico de 2018 a 2023. As conclusões evidenciaram ser possível, a partir de disponibilização de dados quantificados, uma instituição acompanhar a produção de seu quadro docente e, ao mesmo tempo, ter condições de construir planos de trabalho considerando as atividades acadêmicas de seus profissionais.
Improving Work on Preventing Crimes Committed by Military Servicemen
Authors:   Chief Research Scientist of the National Research Institute of the Ministry of Interior of the Russian Federation, LL.D., Professor, Kobets Petr N.
Published: January 2024

The issue of preventing crime among military personnel was developed not so long ago, while for many years the subject of scientific analysis by scientists, as a rule, was only criminal manifestations of the category of citizens in question to the detriment of preventive activities. The author has convincingly proven that in modern conditions, work aimed at preventing criminal attacks by military personnel requires constant study, development of organizational components, increased effectiveness and improvement of the scientific and methodological basis. He comes to the conclusion that today there is a need to constantly conduct scientific research into military crime as a single phenomenon in order to determine the most typical causes and conditions for modern conditions that influence the development of these manifestations, determine the criminological possibilities of legal support and prevention similar acts. The implementation of this task closely connects representatives of criminological science with practical problems aimed at strengthening the combat readiness of the Russian Armed Forces, as well as increasing discipline and law and order in them.