bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A survey on advanced transmission technologies for high bandwidth and good signal quality for high-speed railways
Authors: Rafay Abdul , Idrus Sevia Mahdaliza , Yusof Kamaludin Mohamad , Mohammad Siti Hasunah
Published: July 2021

Ahigh-speedrailway (HSR) has gained very high popularity for passengersdue to the fast, reliable, economical and convenient during traveling a verylong-distance journey. Thedemandfor advancedbroadbandservices such aswatching4K movies, cloud computing andonline gaming, has exponentiallyincreased fortravelerson thehigh-speedtrain(HST).The HSTcan’t providegood bandwidth to facilitate these services for travelers via existingtechnologies such as cellular networksand satellite networks because offrequent handoffs, high penetration and fading.So, the bandwidth degradesdramatically due to these issues. Research workers have developed proposalsto handle these problems by advanced transmission technologies for HSR.Until now,varioustransmissionschemeshave beensuggestedby researchworks with thefocusfor either high bandwidth or signal qualityimprovement. This paper presents a survey on advanced transmissiontechnologies for high bandwidth and good signal quality. In this paper, acomprehensive survey of the appropriate literature published that concentrateon advanced transmission methods in HSR communications in getting higherbandwidth efficiency and maximize the signal quality is presented. Advancedtransmission method can be categorized into orthogonal frequencydivisionmultiplexing (OFDM), multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and radio-over-fiber (RoF).
Modeling virus spread on a network using NetLogo for optimum network management
Authors: Alimboyong Catherine R.
Published: July 2021

The infections in computer networks are complex. Its spread is analogous to a contagious disease which can cause destruction within a few seconds. Viruses in a computer or computer networks can spread rapidly by various means such as access to online social networking sites like twitter, Facebook, and opening of email attachments.  Thus, infections can go from being little dangerous to significantly harmful for a network. This paper proposed a simulation model that can predict the propagation of virus including the trend and the average infection rate using NetLogo software. Observed and simulated data sets were validated using chi-square tests. Results of the experiment have demonstrated accurate performance of the proposed model. The model could be very helpful for network administrators in mitigating the virus propagation and obstruct the spread of computer virus other than the usual prevention scheme particularly the use of antivirus software and inclusion of firewall security. 
Semantic feature extraction method for hyperspectral crop classification
Authors: Girish Baabu M. C. , C. Padma M.
Published: July 2021

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is composed of several hundred of narrow bands (NB) with high spectral correlation and is widely used in crop classification; thus induces time and space complexity, resulting in high computational overhead and Hughes phenomenon in processing these images. Dimensional reduction technique such as band selection and feature extraction plays an important part in enhancing performance of hyperspectral image classification. However, existing method are not efficient when put forth in noisy and mixed pixel environment with dynamic illumination and climatic condition. Here the proposed Sematic Feature Representation based HSI (SFR-HSI) crop classification method first employ Image Fusion (IF) method for finding meaningful features from raw HSI spectrally. Second, to extract inherent features that keeps spatially meaningful representation of different crops by eliminating shading elements. Then, the meaningful feature set are used for training using Support vector machine (SVM). Experiment outcome shows proposed HSI crop classification model achieves much better accuracies and Kappa coefficient performance. 
Optimal integration of wind energy with a shunt-FACTS controller for reductions in electrical power loss
Authors: Wartana I Made , Agustini Ni Putu , Sreedharan Sasidharan
Published: July 2021

The integration of distributed generators (DGs) with flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) can improve the performance of the grid system. In this study, we determine the location and optimal size of one type of DG, based on wind energy, with a shunt-FACTS control device called a static var compensator (SVC). The voltage profile is increase and the power loss reduced due to an improvement in performance from the maximizing load bus system scenario. Newton-Raphson power flow with a wind turbine generator (WTG) and SVC are formulated as a multi-objective problem called MLB system and minimizing system power loss (Ploss) by satisfying various system constraints, namely the loading limits, generation limits, voltage limits, and the small-signal stability. A variant of the genetic algorithm, called the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II), is used to solve these conflicting multi-objective optimization problems. Modifications to the IEEE 14-bus standard and practical test system integrated to the WTG and SVC in the PSAT software are used as a test system. The simulation results indicate that the optimal allocation of the WTG and SVC, determined using the proposed technique, results in improved system performance, since all the specified constraints are met.
Hybrid model for movie recommendation system using content K-nearest neighbors and restricted Boltzmann machine
Authors: Behera Dayal Kumar , Das Madhabananda , Swetanisha Subhra , Sethy Prabira Kumar
Published: July 2021

One of the most commonly used techniques in the recommendation framework is collaborative filtering (CF). It performs better with sufficient records of user rating but is not good in sparse data. Content-based filtering works well in the sparse dataset as it finds the similarity between movies by using attributes of the movies. RBM is an energy-based model serving as a backbone of deep learning and performs well in rating prediction. However, the rating prediction is not preferable by a single model. The hybrid model achieves better results by integrating the results of more than one model. This paper analyses the weighted hybrid CF system by integrating content K-nearest neighbors (KNN) with restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM). Movies are recommended to the active user in the proposed system by integrating the effects of both content-based and collaborative filtering. Model efficacy was tested with MovieLens benchmark datasets.
Energy management in connected and disconnected mode of a photovoltaic system with a battery storage using an artificial neural network technique
Authors: Jarmouni Ezzitouni , Mouhsen Ahmed , Lamhammedi Mohammed , Benizza Zakarya
Published: July 2021

In order to reduce the inconvenience resulting from the use of the traditional energy sources (oil, gas and coal), the integration of renewable energy sources is among the better solutions. With the integration of green energy sources, there are several strategies that can be adopted, including the combination of clean energy sources (solar, wind, and biomass) with each other, or the combination of renewable sources with conventional sources. In this article, we focus on a photovoltaic system allowing the storage of energy in a battery with a coupling to the electrical grid. In order to overcome the problems related to the random operation that accompanies the use of photovoltaic systems, we have developed a control technique based on the use of artificial neural network technology. The complete system was designed and simulated on MATLAB Simulink.
Blood donors appointment booking and managing system using PC and mobile web browsers in current pandemic (COVID-19)
Authors: Noori Mustafa Abdulsatar , Hussien Sura Abed Sarab , Al-Janabi Thair Abed Sarab
Published: July 2021

Blood donation is the main source of blood resources in the blood banks which is required in the hospitals for everyday operations and blood compensation for the patients. In special cases, the patients require fresh blood for compensation such as in the case of major operations and similar situations. Moreover, plasma transfusions are vital in the current pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In this paper, we have proposed a donation system that manages the appointments between the donors and the patient in the case of fresh blood donation is required. The website is designed using the Bootstrap technology to provide suitable access using the PC or the smart phones web browser. The website contains large database including information about the donors and their blood group, available time, and other personal information to facilitate the donation process. This system is designed with unlimited abilities to be used by any hospital, blood bank, or individuals to manage the donation process with no constrains.
Experiencias de inclusión en la educación superior mediante la modalidad a distancia
Authors: Ramírez Iñiguez Alma Arcelia
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo tiene la finalidad de analizar tres experiencias en las que la modalidad educativa a distancia fue un recurso que permitió que los sectores más vulnerables a la exclusión social en América Latina logren realizar estudios de educación superior. Se utilizó una metodología de análisis de contenido documental para identificar los factores que han posibilitado la inclusión educativa en las experiencias seleccionadas. Los resultados muestran que la educación a distancia es una modalidad efectiva cuando se presentan los siguientes factores: trabajo integrado; atención a la diversidad; apoyo técnico, económico y pedagógico; fomento del aprendizaje autónomo; y procesos de evaluación formativa. Así, se concluye que la modalidad a distancia representa una alternativa a la exclusión cuando analiza críticamente las dificultades que ocurren en la educación tradicional presencial para generar otras formas educativas que estén al alcance de todas las personas, no solo en cuanto a acceso, sino también en el desarrollo de los aprendizajes.
Os jovens e a criminalidade em Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: França Giovanni
Published: July 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o envolvimento de jovens na criminalidade no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (MS). A pesquisa visa a demonstrar que a expansão do narcotráfico em todas as regiões do estado e a guerra entre as duas principais facções criminosas do Brasil pela disputa da hegemonia atacadista de drogas e armas na fronteira incidem diretamente nos recrutamentos de jovens e no número de encarceramentos no estado. Para o desenvolvimento deste artigo, foram utilizados dados de trabalhos de campo realizados entre os anos de 2010 a 2020 e consultas de informações em sites institucionais vinculados ao Ministério da Justiça e Segurança Pública.
Disparity in the Setting of Incident Heart Failure Diagnosis
Authors: Sandhu Alexander T. , Tisdale Rebecca L. , Rodriguez Fatima , Stafford Randall S. , Maron David J. , Hernandez-Boussard Tina , Lewis Eldrin , Heidenreich Paul A.
Published: July 2021

Background:

Early heart failure (HF) recognition can reduce morbidity, yet HF is often initially diagnosed only after a patient clinically worsens. We sought to identify characteristics that predict diagnosis in the acute care setting versus the outpatient setting.

Methods:

We estimated the proportion of incident HF diagnosed in the acute care setting (inpatient hospital or emergency department) versus outpatient setting based on diagnostic codes from a claims database covering commercial insurance and Medicare Advantage between 2003 and 2019. After excluding new-onset HF potentially caused by a concurrent acute cause (eg, acute myocardial infarction), we identified demographic, clinical, and socioeconomic predictors of diagnosis setting. Patients were linked to their primary care clinicians to evaluate diagnosis setting variation across clinicians.

Results:

Of 959 438 patients with new HF, 38% were diagnosed in acute care. Of these, 46% had potential HF symptoms in the prior 6 months. Over time, the relative odds of acute care diagnosis increased by 3.2% annually after adjustment for patient characteristics (95% CI, 3.1%–3.3%). Acute care diagnosis setting was more likely for women compared with men (adjusted odds ratio, 1.11 [95% CI, 1.10–1.12]) and for Black patients compared with White patients (adjusted odds ratio, 1.18 [95% CI, 1.16–1.19]). The proportion of acute care diagnosis varied substantially (interquartile range: 24%–39%) among clinicians after adjusting for patient-level risk factors.

Conclusions:

A large proportion of first HF diagnoses occur in the acute care setting, particularly among women and Black patients, yet many had potential HF symptoms in the months before acute care visits. These results raise concerns that many HF diagnoses are missed in the outpatient setting. Earlier diagnosis could allow for timelier high-value interventions, addressing disparities and reducing the progression of HF.
Coast Guard Law of the People’s Republic of China and Its Implications in International Law
Authors: Liu Chen-Hong , Xu Zhang , Chang Yen-Chiang
Published: July 2021

In January 2019, the People’s Armed Police set up a working group to draft the Coast Guard Law of the People’s Republic of China. The 13th National People’s Congress Standing Committee concluded its twenty-fifth session and scrutiny of this draft law, which officially entered force on 1 February 2021. The Law is divided into 11 chapters and 80 articles, including but not limited to maritime security, maritime crime investigation, use of non-firearm and weapons, and international cooperation. This article outlines and analyses the Law, as well as focusing on its implications as a matter of international law.
Syriac Love Charms. Part I. The Recipe-Type
Authors: Cherkashina Anna , Lyavdansky Alexey
Published: July 2021

In this paper we consider 6 Syriac love charms and edit their original text and translation. All but two texts are published here for the first time. This is the first part of our inquiry, in which we consider one of the two types of Syriac love charms, the recipe-type. Among its primary characteristics is its extreme rarity in Syriac magic codices. Another prominent trait of this type, which makes these texts especially valuable, is that some of them contain ritual instructions which are exceedingly rare for Syriac charms as a whole, while others may contain what we call an allusion to it. Our assumption is that texts of this type reflect ancient magic practices originating in pre-Christian time, which are credibly attested in the texts belonging to other magic traditions of the Near East and Egypt.
Revealing the stygobiont and crenobiont Mollusca biodiversity hotspot in the Caucasus: Part III. Revision of stygobiont microsnails (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Hydrobiidae) from the Russian part of Western Transcaucasia, with the description of new taxa
Authors: CHERTOPRUD ELIZAVETA M. , PALATOV DMITRI M. , VINARSKI MAXIM V.
Published: July 2021

A taxonomic revision of the stygobiont microsnails from north-western Transcaucasia (Krasnodar Krai, Russia) is presented. Two new genera—Schapsugia gen. n. and Tachira gen. n. are established. It is shown that the genus Paladilhiopsis does not occur in this area, and the snails previously assigned to this genus belong to Schapsugia gen. n. Two nominal species Paladilhiopsis orientalis Starobogatov, 1962, and P. subovata Starobogatov, 1962 are considered junior synonyms of Sch. pulcherrima (Starobogatov, 1962), based on a re-examination of their conchological variation. In addition, two more species of Schapsugia are described: Sch. kudepsta sp. nov. and Sch. occultata sp. nov. The anatomical structure of another species, Geyeria valvataeformis Starobogatov, 1962 was studied for the first time. It is revealed that it should be placed in a separate genus (Tachira gen. n.). Thus, the previously proposed placement of the microsnails from north-western Transcaucasia in hydrobiid genera from the Balkan Peninsula (Geyeria, Paladilhiopsis) is rejected.
A New Derivation of Exact Solutions for Incompressible Magnetohydrodynamic Plasma Turbulence
Authors: Morad Adel M. , Maize S. M. A. , Nowaya A. A. , Rammah Y. S.
Published: July 2021

The objective of this paper is to study the propagation of nonlinear, quasi-parallel, magnetohydrodynamic waves of small-amplitude in a cold Hall plasma of constant density. Magnetohydrodynamic equations, along with the cold plasma were expanded using the reductive perturbation method,
which leads to a nonlinear partial differential equation that complies with a modified form of the derivative nonlinear evolution Schrödinger equation. Exact solutions of the turbulent magnetohydrodynamic model in plasma were formulated for the physical quantities that describe the problem
completely by using the complex ansatz method. In addition, the complete set of equations was used taking into account the magnetic field, which can be considered to be constant in the x-direction to create stable vortex waves. Vortex solutions of the modified nonlinear Schrödinger
equation (MNLS) were compared with the solutions of incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations. The obtained equations differ from the standard NLS equation by one additional term that describes the interaction of the nonlinear waves with the constant density. The behavior of both the velocity
profile and the waveform of pressure were studied. The results showed that there are clear disturbances in the identity of the velocity and thus pressure. The identity of both velocity and pressure results from that a magnetic field is formed.
The Overlapping Grid Spectral Collocation Method for Solving Entropy Generation in Casson Nanofluid Flow Past a Stretching Plate
Authors: Mburu Zack M. , Mondal Sabyasachi , Sibanda Precious , Sharma Ram Prakash
Published: July 2021

The current study investigates the intrinsic irreversibility phenomenon of a mixed convection and electrically conducting couple stress Casson fluid motion over a thermally stretching sheet. We have considered the combined effect of applied magnetic field, Brownian motion, thermal radiation,
permeability, Casson parameter, and the stretching parameter on the entropy generation rate of the model. The first and second laws of thermodynamics have been applied to examine the flow problem. The obtained dimensionless structure of highly nonlinear ordinary differential equations is then
solved numerically applying the overlapping grid spectral collocation method. This method has high accuracy and converges fast. The approximate solutions for velocity, temperature and concentration are used to evaluate the rate of entropy generation and some physical parameters of the flow.
For engineering interest, we have obtained tabular results for the skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, and the Sherwood number for pertinent parameters. We found that entropy generation rate is minimized when there is an increase in the applied magnetic field, thermophoresis parameter,
Casson parameter, Brownian motion, and the energy variance parameter. Further, the entropy generation rate is increased by enhancing the stretching parameter, permeability parameter, the Biot number, and thermal radiation parameter.
Analysis of Forced Convection Boundary Layer Flow and Heat Transfer Past a Semi-Infinite Static and Moving Flat Plate Using Nanofluids-by Haar Wavelets
Authors: Awati Vishwanath B. , Mahesh Kumar N.
Published: July 2021

The paper presents, the steady state two-dimensional forced convection boundary layer flow of heat transfer past a semi-infinite static flat plate (Blasius problem) and moving flat plate (Sakiadis problem) in the water based nanofluid with various nanoparticles. The self-similar solution
exists for the boundary layer equations and using suitable similarity variables, the governing equations have been converted into coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations (NODEs) with an infinite domain. The governing problems over an infinite interval were solved using semi-numerical
technique which makes the use of power of Haar wavelets coupled with collocation method. The solutions obtained using wavelet methods have been confirmed to be more accurate as compared to other previously published results. The several physical interesting results of the problem are concentrated
and verified through numerical schemes. Three different types of nonmetallic or metallic nanoparticles such as alumina (Al2O3), copper (Cu) and titania (TiO2) in the base fluid of water with Prandtl number Pr = 6.2, to study the effect of solid volume fraction
parameter Φ of the nanofluids. The effect of local skin friction coefficients, Nusselt number, velocity and temperature profiles are plotted for various values of nanoparticle volume fractions and for different nanoparticles are analyzed in detail, the numerical results are presented
in terms of Tables. It predicts that, the solid volume fraction affects the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics.
Interpretation of the Precipitation Structure Contained in Polarimetric Radio Occultation Profiles Using Passive Microwave Satellite Observations
Authors: Turk F. Joseph , Padullés Ramon , Cardellach Estel , Ao Chi O. , Wang Kuo-Nung , Morabito David D. , de la Torre Juarez Manuel , Oyola Mayra , Hristova-Veleva Svetla , Neelin J. David
Published: July 2021

Observationally, a major source of uncertainty in evaluation of climate models arises from the difficulty in obtaining globally distributed, fine scale profiles of temperature, pressure and water vapor, that probe through convective precipitating clouds, from the boundary layer to the upper levels of the free troposphere. In this manuscript, a two-year analysis of data from the Radio Occultations through Heavy Precipitation (ROHP) polarimetric RO demonstration mission onboard the Spanish PAZ spacecraft is presented. ROHP measures the difference in the differential propagation phase delay (Δ𝜙) between two orthogonal polarization receive states that is induced from the presence of non-spherically shaped hydrometeors along the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) propagation path, complementing the standard RO thermodynamic profile. Since Δφ is a net path-accumulated depolarization and does not resolve the precipitation structure along the propagation path, orbital coincidences between ROHP and the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) constellation passive MW radiometers are identified to provides three-dimensional precipitation context to the RO thermodynamic profile. Passive MW-derived precipitation profiles are used to simulate the Δφalong the ROHP propagation paths. Comparison between the simulated and observed Δφare indicative of the ability of ROHP to detect threshold levels of ray path-averaged condensed water content, as well as to suggest possible inferences on the average ice phase hydrometeor non-sphericity. The use of the polarimetric RO vertical structure is demonstrated as a means to condition the lower tropospheric humidity by the top-most height of the associated convective cloud structure.
Psychological distress, loneliness, alcohol use and suicidality in New Zealanders with mental illness during a strict COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Bell Caroline , Williman Jonathan , Beaglehole Ben , Stanley James , Jenkins Matthew , Gendall Philip , Rapsey Charlene , Every-Palmer Susanna
Published: July 2021

Introduction:

People with pre-existing mental health conditions may have been disproportionally impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and associated public health restrictions. In this study, we compared psychological outcomes, experiences and sources of stress over the pandemic lockdown in New Zealanders with and without a previous diagnosis of mental illness.

Methods:

Two online surveys were conducted in New Zealand over the level 4 lockdown in April 2020 measuring psychological distress, anxiety, well-being, suicidality, alcohol use and subjective experiences. They included 3389 participants, of whom 18.4% reported having been previously diagnosed with a mental illness.

Results:

During the lockdown, people previously diagnosed with a mental illness had about twice the risk of reporting moderate-high levels of psychological distress (K10 ⩾ 12), at least moderate levels of anxiety (GAD-7 ⩾ 10) and poor well-being (WHO-5 ⩽ 12). They reported increased alcohol use and were about four times as likely to have experienced suicidal thoughts with 3% reporting having made a suicide attempt over the lockdown period. They reported less satisfaction with, and poorer relationships with people in their ‘bubble’, reduced social contacts and greater loneliness. They also reported higher levels of health and financial concerns.

Conclusion:

During the COVID-19 lockdown in New Zealand, people with a previous diagnosis of a mental illness were at increased risk of detrimental psychological outcomes. This highlights the importance of recognising this and the challenges people face in pandemics.
Psychosocial Adaptation to Chronic Illness and Disability: An Updated and Expanded Conceptual Framework
Authors: Livneh Hanoch
Published: July 2021

The article revisits and updates an earlier model (Livneh, 2001) that examined the building blocks that constitute the dynamics of psychosocial adaptation to chronic illness and disability (CID). In the revised tripartite model, the author reconstructs and refines the earlier model based on recent theoretical formulations, clinical reviews, and research findings. In the revised model, the author discusses three overarching components, namely, antecedents (causes of medical conditions, background variables), processes (the dynamically unfolding course of post-CID events), and outcomes (anticipated exit indicators that serve, as snapshot end products, to assess the individual’s experienced and reported quality of life following onset of CID). The article concludes with a brief review of the model’s practical and research implications.
Linking Input Inequality and Outcome Inequality
Authors: Jasso Guillermina
Published: July 2021

Inequality often appears in linked pairs of variables. Examples include schooling and income, income and consumption, and wealth and happiness. Consider the famous words of Veblen: “wealth confers honor.” Understanding inequality requires understanding input inequality, outcome inequality, and the relation between the two—in both inequality between persons and inequality between subgroups. This article contributes to the methodological toolkit for studying inequality by developing a framework that makes explicit both input inequality and outcome inequality and by addressing three main associated questions: (1) How do the mechanisms for generating and altering inequality differ across inputs and outcomes? (2) Which have more inequality—inputs or outcomes? (3) Under what conditions, and by what mechanisms, does input inequality affect outcome inequality? Results include the following: First, under specified conditions, distinctive mechanisms govern inequality in inputs and inequality in outcomes. Second, input inequality and outcome inequality can be the same or different; if different, whether inequality is greater among inputs or outcomes depends on the configuration of outcome function, types of inputs, distributional form of and inequality in cardinal inputs, and number of and associations among inputs. Third, the link between input inequality and outcome inequality is multiform; it can be nonexistent, linear, or nonlinear, and if nonlinear, it can be concave or convex. More deeply, this work signals the formidable empirical challenges in studying inequality, but also the fast growing toolbox. For example, even if the outcome distribution is difficult to derive, fundamental theorems on the variance make it possible to analyze the input–outcome inequality connection. Similarly, within specified distributions, the general inequality parameter makes it possible to express results in terms of both measures of overall inequality and measures of subgroup inequality.
Operation notes in orthopaedics: Beliefs and practices in a developing country
Authors: Mencia Marlon M , Persaud Diana , Ragbir Kevianne , Goalan Raakesh , White Kimani
Published: July 2021

Maintaining accurate and complete operation notes is an essential metric of the quality of surgical care. While developed countries have implemented electronic health records to improve documentation, financial constraints prevent this realisation in the Caribbean. Somewhat paradoxically, previous studies in this area have focussed on ‘process’ while neglecting the key role of the surgeon. We conducted a 25-item Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices survey of orthopaedic doctors to identify any culturally unique health-related behaviours. Our results indicate that while most doctors understand the importance of operation notes, many are unaware of international note-keeping recommendations. Legibility was identified as a significant issue by 92% of doctors. A disturbing and previously unreported finding from the study revealed that 72% of surgeons would occasionally write the operation notes, although they were not scrubbed in for the procedure. We suggest that future studies examine this peculiar behaviour in greater detail.
CHECK UP: A student-designed model for creating innovative patient education materials that your patients will actually use
Authors: Cory Megan M , Cory Kevin S , Osmani Wasif A , Young Staci , Lundh Rebecca
Published: July 2021

Objective

As appointments become more rushed, it is crucial that primary care clinicians consider new and effective ways to provide preventive health education to patients. Currently, patient education is often handouts printed from the electronic medical record system; however, these pieces of paper often do not have the desired impact. Well-established advertising methods reveal that repeated exposure is key in recall and swaying consumer decisions. The Creating Health Education for Constructive Knowledge in Underserved Populations (CHECK UP) Program is a medical student-led program that aims to improve patient recall of health information, health promoting behaviors and health outcomes by applying modified advertising concepts to the delivery of health education.

Methods

Patients were given large magnets containing health education information. These patients were interviewed 3–4 months afterwards to assess use and effectiveness of magnets as a means to provide health education.

Results

In total, 25 of the 28 patients given CHECK UP magnets agreed to participate. The majority of participants (23/25) kept the magnets and reported that they, as well as others in their households, see the magnets daily. All 23 participants recalled at least 1 health tip from 1 of the magnets.

Conclusions

The use of non-traditional materials for patient education allowed for repeated exposure and recall of health information. Consideration for modified use of evidence-based advertising and marketing strategies for the delivery of patient education may be an easy and effective way to provide information to patients outside of the clinical setting and promote health behavioral changes.
Mediating the Low Verbal Intelligence–Early Adult Offending Relationship With Pro-Aggression Attitudes
Authors: Walters Glenn D.
Published: July 2021

This study was designed to explore a possible mechanism for the well-documented relationship between low verbal intelligence and early adult offending. It was hypothesized that low verbal intelligence, as measured by a brief vocabulary test, would predict higher pro-aggression thinking, which would then encourage future antisocial behavior. This hypothesis was tested in a longitudinal analysis of 411 male youths from the Cambridge Study of Delinquent Development (CSDD). After controlling for school performance, truancy, impulsivity, peer delinquency, and nonverbal intelligence, a path analysis revealed that low verbal intelligence at age 14 or 15 predicted violent offending (fighting) and property offending at age 21 or 22 by way of late adolescent pro-aggression attitudes. From these results, it was speculated that one mechanism linking low verbal intelligence to early adult offending is an attitude favorable to personal violation of the rights of others, in line with predictions from general personality and cognitive social learning (GPCSL) theory.
Mimicking the mimics: problematizing cover performance of Filipino local music on social media
Authors: Anacin Carljohnson , Baker David , Bennett Andy
Published: July 2021

The performance of cover songs in popular music has long been a subject of critical discussion and debate due to the artistic, social, cultural, and commercial issues that covers raise. In non-Western societies, most popular songs covered by artists are Anglo-American, a situation which implicitly privileges Western music and reinforces both the “west and the rest” trope and the cultural imperialism thesis. Taking American amateur artists and their online videos performing Filipino popular music as case studies, this article examines how social media platforms facilitate and problematize center-periphery relations in popular music through a diffusion of cultural products “from the rest to the west.” Moreover, we show that more than the promise of audience reach, the phenomenon reflects how these cover artists embody cultural and social situatedness in Filipino culture. As they mimic the mimics, they also embody an identity in motion.
The dosing procedure that “makes the poison”: Comparing the effects of single versus cumulative alcohol administration methods on emotion recognition
Authors: Nagar Maayan , Weller Aron , Rabinovitz Sharon
Published: July 2021

Background:

Most people often consume alcohol cumulatively and gradually. Yet almost scientific knowledge about alcohol’s acute effects on cognition, behavior, and affect stems from laboratory studies that employ a single beverage administration procedure.

Objective:

This study tests the hypothesis that alcohol’s acute effects depend on both methods of administration and alcohol blood level. We introduce a new laboratory procedure for studying cumulative alcohol drinking and examine alcohol’s effects on emotion recognition as a function of both alcohol administration method and alcohol blood level.

Methods:

Participants were recruited for one of two studies. One study employed a between-subject design using a single alcoholic dose. Participants were randomly assigned to drink either placebo (0.00%), low (0.03%), moderate (0.06%), or high (0.09%) alcohol levels. The second study employed a within-subject design using a cumulative alcoholic administration method, in which each participant drank four drinks (placebo, followed by three alcoholic drinks). Both groups reached similar breath alcohol concentrations. In both studies, participants attended a single study session, in which emotion recognition was examined following alcohol administration.

Results:

Single alcoholic beverage administration method caused greater impairment in emotion recognition ability, specifically for anger, happiness, and fear, as compared with cumulative administration method, even though breath alcohol levels were similar in both conditions.

Conclusions:

This paper presents questions concerning the internal validity of previous laboratory studies that use a single beverage administration procedure. Insights into the effects of alcohol on behavior, as well as regarding our knowledge about models of addiction are presented.
Periodontal disease as a predictor of chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage in older adults
Authors: Valenzuela-Narváez Rocío Violeta , Valenzuela-Narváez Daniel Raùl , Valenzuela-Narváez Daniel Alberto Oswaldo , Córdova-Noel María Elena , Mejía-Ruiz Cris Lisseth , Salcedo-Rodríguez Medalit Nieves , Gonzales-Aedo Oliver
Published: July 2021

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate periodontal disease as a predictor of chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage in older adults.

Methods

A total of 1159 adults aged 65 to 80 years and diagnosed with periodontal disease and CKD (stages 1, 2, and 3) were randomly selected for a cross-sectional study. Periodontal status was assessed using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) and CKD was staged using the National Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (NKF-KDOQI) guidelines.

Results

In patients with stage 1 CKD, the odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) for CPITN-1, CPITN-2, CPITN-3, and CPITN-4 were 1.13 (0.83–1.55), 1.47 (1.13–1.81), 1, and 1, respectively. In patients with stage 2 CKD, the ORs (95% CIs) for CPITN-1, CPITN-2, CPITN-3, and CPITN-4 were 1.49 (1.14–1.93), 1.37 (1.02–1.78), 3.07 (2.81–3.25), and 3.65 (3.49–3.71), respectively. In patients with stage 3 CKD, the ORs (95% CIs) for CPITN-1, CPITN-2, CPITN-3, and CPITN-4 were 1, 1, 4.61 (4.47–5.21), and 5.23 (5.14–5.47), respectively.

Conclusion

The highest CPITN values (CPITN-3 and CPITN-4) were associated with CKD stages 2 and 3. Thus, periodontal disease may be associated with progression of CKD.
The concept of a social formation in the writings of E. P. Thompson and Ellen Meiksins Wood
Authors: Burns Tony
Published: July 2021

In this article, I consider what E. P. Thompson and Ellen Meiksins Wood have to say about the concept of a social formation and its significance for Marxism. I consider these thinkers together for two reasons. In the first place, the views of Meiksins Wood owe a great deal to her engagement with Thompson’s writings. In the second place, despite Meiksins Wood claim that she is simply following a lead provided by E. P. Thompson, there is a significant (though unacknowledged) difference between her views and his. Meiksins Wood departs from Thompson when she argues that the concept of a social formation ought to be excluded from the lexicon of Marxism. When discussing the concept of a social formation, both Thompson and Meiksins Wood attach importance to the ‘general illumination’ passage in the general introduction to Marx’s Grundrisse. However, they read this passage in very different ways. According to Thompson, this focal passage supports the view that the concept of a social formation is of fundamental importance for Marxist historians. This reading constitutes a challenge to Meiksins Wood’s view that the concept of a social formation is an Althusserian accretion which has a little significance for our understanding of the views of Marx and Marxism.
Unstable Phase Response Curves Shown by Spatiotemporal Patterns in the Plant Root Circadian Clock
Authors: Masuda Kosaku , Fukuda Hirokazu
Published: July 2021

Phase response curves (PRCs) play important roles in the entrainment of periodic environmental cycles. Measuring the PRC is necessary to elucidate the relationship between environmental cues and the circadian clock. Conversely, the PRCs of plant circadian clocks are unstable due to multiple factors such as biotic/abiotic noise, individual differences, changes in amplitude, growth stage, and organ/tissue specificity. However, evaluating the effect of each factor is important because PRCs are commonly obtained by determining the response of many individuals, which include different amplitude states and organs. The plant root circadian clock spontaneously generates a spatiotemporal pattern called a stripe pattern, whereby all phases of the circadian rhythm exist within an individual root. Therefore, stimulating a plant root expressing this pattern enables phase responses at all phases to be measured using an individual root. In this study, we measured PRCs for thermal stimuli using this spatiotemporal pattern method and found that the PRC changed asymmetrically with positive and negative temperature stimuli. Individual differences were observed for weak but not for strong temperature stimuli. The root PRC changed depending on the amplitude of the circadian rhythm. The PRC in the young root near the hypocotyl was more sensitive than those in older roots or near the tip. Simulation with a phase oscillator model revealed the effect of measurement and internal noises on the PRC. These results indicate that instability in the entrainment of the plant circadian clock involves multiple factors, each having different characteristics. These results may help us understand how plant circadian clocks adapt to unstable environments and how plant circadian clocks with different characteristics, such as organ, age, and amplitude, are integrated within individuals.
Manufacturable casting parts design with topology optimization of structural assemblies
Authors: Zhang Junyuan , Wang Shihang , Zhou Hao , Shu Chang
Published: July 2021

This paper presents a design method for manufacturable casting parts based on topology optimization of structural assemblies, which considers the geometry requirement and the manufacturing constraint of die-set material cost. The problem formulation follows the previous work presented in multi-component topology optimization for stamped sheet metal assemblies (MTO-S). Based on the vector method combined with Heaviside function, the moldability constraints for casting parts is formulated. As the base structure of component is easily misidentified as an undercut structure by the moldability constraints in the structural assemblies, the component baseline is proposed to realize the automatic filtering of the “fake” undercut structures which can be extended to the parting line to obtain the form of two-mold design. Several numerical examples on compliance minimization of single-mold and two-mold casting parts are conducted to verify the validity of the proposed method. The optimized results show that there is no interior void for each component and the component manufacturability has been improved obviously. The setting of minimum-area bounding box (MABB) area constraint limits and the number of components will have a significant effect on the performance of the optimized structure. Users can achieve the desirable solution based on their actual demand by making trade-offs between the structural performance and manufacturing cost.
An analytical model of static stiffness for linear rolling guideway considering the structural deformations of carriage
Authors: Ma Yali , Li Cancan , Wei Jiayong
Published: July 2021

To solve the deformations and stiffnesses changes of linear rolling guideway under different loads, and to provide reference for the structural design of the carriage, this paper presents an analytical model of three-degrees-of-freedom static stiffness for linear rolling guideway considering the structural deformations of the carriage. In this study, first, the contact loads and elastic deformations between balls and raceways caused by external loads and preload were obtained by Hertz contact theory. The elastic deformations between balls and raceways were described by the change of the curvature centers of the carriage raceways. Next, according to the constraints and loading conditions of the carriage, the elastic beam theory was introduced, and the structural deformations of the carriage under the contact loads were equivalent to the deformations of two cantilever beams. Then, the external loads and the displacements of the carriage were derived by the static equilibrium conditions of the carriage. At last, the proposed equivalent model of carriage structure deformations was validated by comparing the calculated deformations of the carriage with those from a commercial program under various loading conditions, and the accuracy of the static stiffness model proposed in this paper was further verified by the experimental results in the reference. The results show that the calculated structural deformations of carriage matched the deformations calculated by a commercial program well. Also, with relative errors of 4.4–17.5%, the calculated stiffnesses using the model proposed in this paper more closely matched the measured stiffnesses. Clearly, there is a better match between the calculated results of the proposed model and the measurements than with the conventional rigid model.
The integrated PFMEA approach with interval type-2 fuzzy sets and FBWM: A case study in the automotive industry
Authors: Komatina Nikola , Tadić Danijela , Aleksić Aleksandar , Banduka Nikola
Published: July 2021

The change of market’s demand could be predictable to a certain degree at stable conditions but it may vary due to disruptive events. This research contributes by establishing the improvement of PFMEA (Process Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) analysis in the domain of assessment and determining severity risk factor, as well as identifying of failure priority. According to the researchers’ and practitioners’ suggestions, severity needs to be considered from the multiple aspects. The risk factor severity is considered from the aspects of product importance, quality, and cost. These aspects have different relative importance, which is determined in an exact way. The relative importance of the aspects, as well as the values of the risk factors, was described by linguistic expressions that are modeled by using the Interval type-2 trapezoidal fuzzy numbers (IT2TrFNs). IT2FBWM was used to determine weight vectors of risk factors. The priority of failures is determined according to the Action priority model which proposed by AIAG & VDA (Automotive Industry Action Group and German Association of the Automotive Industry). The proposed methodology is tested in a Case study where the real-life data originated from a company from the Republic of Serbia that operates as a part of an automotive supply chain.
Unsupervised clustering analysis of data from an online community to identify lupus patient profiles with regards to treatment preferences
Authors: Testa Damien , Jourde-Chiche Noémie , Mancini Julien , Varriale Pasquale , Radoszycki Lise , Chiche Laurent
Published: July 2021

Objective

Lupus is a chronic complex autoimmune disease. Non-adherence to treatment can affect patient outcomes. Considering patients’ preferences into medical decisions may increase acceptance to their medication. The PREFERLUP study used unsupervised clustering analysis to identify profiles of patients with similar treatment preferences in an online community of French lupus patients.

Methods

An online survey was conducted in adult lupus patients from the Carenity community between August 2018 and April 2019. Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) was used with three unsupervised clustering methods (hierarchical, kmeans and partitioning around medoids). Several indicators (measure of connectivity, Dunn index and Silhouette width) were used to select the best clustering algorithm and choose the number of clusters.

Results

The 268 participants were mostly female (96%), with a mean age of 44.3 years 83% fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) self-reported diagnostic criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus. Overall, the preferred route of administration was oral (62%) and the most important feature of an ideal drug was a low risk of side-effects (32%). Hierarchical clustering identified three clusters. Cluster 1 (59%) comprised patients with few comorbidities and a poor ability to identify oncoming flares; 84% of these patients desired oral treatments with limited side-effects. Cluster 2 (13%) comprised younger patients, who had already participated in a clinical trial, were willing to use implants and valued the compatibility of treatments with pregnancy. Cluster 3 (28%) comprised patients with a longer lupus duration, poorer control of the disease and more comorbidities; these patients mainly valued implants and injections and expected a reduction of corticosteroid intake.

Conclusions

Different profiles of lupus patients were identified according to their drug preferences. These clusters could help physicians tailor their therapeutic proposals to take into account individual patient preferences, which could have a positive impact on treatment acceptance and then adherence. The study highlights the value of data acquired directly from patient communities.