bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influence of crustal strength on rift geometry and development – insights from 3D numerical modelling
Authors: Phillips Thomas B. , Naliboff John B. , McCaffrey Ken J. W. , Pan Sophie , van Hunen Jeroen , Froemchen Malte
Published: April 2023

Abstract. The lateral distribution of strength within the crust is
non-uniform, dictated by crustal lithology and the presence and distribution
of heterogeneities within it. During continental extension, areas of crust
with distinct lithological and rheological properties manifest strain
differently, influencing the structural style, geometry, and evolution of the
developing rift system. Here, we use 3D thermo-mechanical models of
continental extension to explore how pre-rift upper-crustal strength
variations influence rift physiography. We model a 500×500×100 km volume
containing 125 km wide domains of mechanically “strong” and “weak” upper
crust along with two reference domains, based upon geological observations
of the Great South Basin, New Zealand, where extension occurs parallel to
the boundaries between distinct geological terranes. Crustal strength is
represented by varying the initial strength of 5 km3 blocks. Extension
is oriented parallel to the domain boundaries such that each domain is
subject to the same 5 mm yr−1 extension rate. Our modelling results show that
strain initially localises in the weak domain, with faults initially
following the distribution of initial plastic strain before reorganising to
produce a well-established network, all occurring in the initial 100 kyr. In contrast, little to no localisation occurs in the strong
domain, which is characterised by uniform strain. We find that although
faults in the weak domain are initially inhibited at the terrane boundaries,
they eventually propagate through and “seed” faults in the relatively
strong adjacent domains. We show characteristic structural styles
associated with strong and weak crust and relate our observations to
rift systems developed across laterally heterogeneous crust worldwide, such
as the Great South Basin, New Zealand, and the Tanganyika Rift, East Africa.
Prevenirea și combaterea sindromului de impingement
Authors: Tataru Angela
Published: April 2023

Impingement syndrome occurs most commonly in the dominant arm. Shoulder injuries are difficult to treat for several reasons. The first would be the stress on the shoulder, with repetitive movements, a situation that involves accentuating the pain and aggravating the injury. The second reason would be individual variations in shoulder anatomy. The shoulder sacrifices stability in favor of mobility, being frequently prone to injury. It is indicated that as soon as the pain appears, to see an orthopedic doctor.
Algoritmul strategic al conținutului de antrenament al handbalistelor de performanță în diverse etape ale pregătirii multianuale
Authors: Verejan Galina
Published: April 2023

Contemporary scientific research proves the staged nature of athletes' training, the special importance of the stages of sports mastery represents motor and technical-tactical training for performance women handball players. During the stages of sports mastery, the fundamental structures are established of the sports training’s contents in a logical order. So, the training system for athletes, in a four-year Olympic cycle, is being built progressively, evolving from simple to compound, starting with the training at the advanced stage year 5 until the sport’s mastery stage year 3, offering the possibility to perform a dynamic reasoning of integral training through the forms, methods and means specific to the Olympic cycle. In this way, the construction of operational structures is determined by determining the law for the transition from quantitative changes to qualitative changes in the stages of sports mastery. Through the interaction of technical-tactical learning as a form of special and progressively organized sports activity, physical, functional, mental, technical-tactical development is attracted, being in interdependent relationships within the stages of sports mastery, where stage learning is a priority in creation of ”the area of closest development”.
Особенности формирования нокаутирующего удара у кикбоксеров-юниоров
Authors: Derkacenko Ivan , Capsomun Natalia
Published: April 2023

Recognition by the International Olympic Committee as a sport of kickboxing WAKO gave a boost to coaches, functionaries of federations for the further development of this wonderful and dynamically developing sport. The attention is focused on young athletes with great potential, who in the future will be able to take part in the 2028 Olympics. This article discusses the basics of forming a strong blow that can knock out an opponent using various means of athletics and sports games.
Олимпийское образование – один из социокультурных факторов устойчивого развития современного общества
Authors: Ermolova Valentina , Kroli Irina , Radchenko Lidia
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the establishment of stable partnerships between the IOC and international organizations in terms of the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the role of Olympic educations an important socio-cultural factor in this process. The purpose of the work is to determine the place of the Olympic education as an important socio-cultural factor in the structure of the priorities of the sustainable development of modern society.
Теоретические аспекты интегральной подготовки как компонент соревновательно-тренировочной деятельности регбистов
Authors: Tabirta Vasile , Ciorba Constantin
Published: April 2023

The concept of "integration" is widely used in various fields: in economics, education and science. The essence of this concept (from Latin integrotio - restoration, completion, from integr - whole) is the combination of any parts, elements into a whole, the process of mutual adaptation. To integrate means to unify, to combine parts into a whole and also to include a new element in an existing system [1,2]. Integration is important for sports activities, for improving the effectiveness of teaching techniques and tactical actions, updating the special knowledge of trainees in the process of mastering the technical and tactical arsenal and in competitions.
Physical preparation as component part of the training process and characteristics of modern football
Authors: Dina Nicolae-Adrian
Published: April 2023

Cerințele mari puse în fața pregătirii sportivilor necesită a căuta direcții noi în perfecționarea metodicii antrenamentului. Atenția specialiștilor este orientată spre optimizarea procesului de antrenament. În fotbal, volumul eforturilor de antrenament și competițional crește. Însă căile de sporire a eficacității acestora sunt deschise prin individualizarea și alegerea optimă a volumului, a intensității și prin raționalizarea metodelor și mijloacelor de pregătire. Fotbalul actual se poate caracteriza printr-un volum enorm și o intensitate înaltă a activității motrice.
Sport sanctions in war situations under international law
Authors: Noshadha Sam , Duka Mariia
Published: April 2023

Когда понятие “спорт” изменится на “современный спорт”, многие факторы, такие как определение и подход, изменятся. Одним из вопросов современного спорта является военная ситуация и принятие решений о наложении санкций на целевую сторону международного спортивного мероприятия другими международными спортивными организациями в соответствии с международным правом. В этой статье авторы сравнили различные взгляды на спортивные санкции; история санкций в Древней Греции; Олимпийское Перемирие; практика спортивных санкций на Олимпийских играх; понимание терминологии и доктрин войны и санкций; различия между отстранением, бойкотом и запретом в спортивных санкциях; текущая (2022 г.) практика применения санкций к российским и белорусским спортивным командам из-за вторжения в Украину, а также анализ и уточнение аргументов относительно этих санкций, которые выдаются международными спортивными организациями во главе с Международным олимпийским комитетом; “умные” санкции и то, как защищаются права спортсменов, которые уважают lexsportiva из государств, на которые распространяются санкции, на участие в международных спортивных мероприятиях; положительные последствия спортивных санкций как урок для государств, которые нарушают lexsportivа.
Điều kiện tối ưu cần cấp hai cho nghiệm hữu hiệu yếu trong bài toán tối ưu vectơ có ràng buộc
Authors: Trần Mậu Vĩnh , Trần Văn Sự
Published: April 2023

Trong bài báo chúng tôi đi nghiên cứu điều kiện tối ưu cần cấp hai cho bài toán tối ưu vectơ không trơn có các ràng buộc tập, nón và đẳng thức dựa vào khái niệm đạo hàm theo phương cấp hai liên tục trong không gian Banach thực. Với mục đích trên, chúng tôi cung cấp một số khái niệm cho các nghiệm hữu hiệu yếu của bài toán và trình bày một số đặc trưng về tính khả vi hai lần theo phương cho lớp hàm giá trị thực. Dưới các giả thiết phù hợp, một số điều kiện tối ưu cần cấp hai cơ bản và đối ngẫu dạng Fritz John cho nghiệm hữu hiệu yếu địa phương của bài toán được cung cấp. Điều kiện tối ưu cấp hai thu được trong bài báo là mới hoặc cải thiện các kết quả đã biết trong những năm gần đây.
Depth from Defocus Technique Applied to Unsteady Shock-Drop Secondary atomization, Resolution considerations for structured illumination microscale particle tracking velocimetry
Authors: Sharma Shubham , Yoda Minami
Published: April 2023

Depth from Defocus Technique Applied to Unsteady Shock-Drop Secondary atomization

The talk will focus on further enhancing a two-sensor depth from defocus (DFD) technique for measuring drop sizes in a spray. The aim is to achieve higher spatial and temporal resolution, to improve estimates of spatial size distribution and number concentration, and to provide additional guidelines for the calibration and design of the optical system for a specific application. The technique and these improvements are demonstrated using the case of secondary atomization when a shock wave interacts with a single drop. This is an application in which both high spatially and temporally resolved number density and size distributions of secondary droplets generated in the wake of the original drop are necessary.

Resolution considerations for structured illumination microscale particle tracking velocimetry

In microscale particle velocimetry, the spatial resolution of velocity measurements along the optical axis is often degraded
by signal from tracer particles outside the focal plane. Structured illumination microscopy particle tracking velocimetry (SIM
PTV) can eliminate most of this out-of-focus signal by using illumination with a non-zero spatial frequency to preferentially
illuminate the in-focus particles. Two such (raw) images can then be combined to eliminate the background signal and
demodulate the image. The objective of this study was to quantify and optimize the spatial and temporal resolution of SIM
PTV based upon Poiseuille flow in a microchannel at Reynolds numbers Re ≈ 0.02. The axial spatial resolution, estimated
for this known velocity profile from the standard deviation of the velocity measurements, is improved by at least a factor of
2 compared with the results for a uniformly illuminated flow. This axial spatial resolution is in good agreement with that
given by the point spread function of the imaging system derived by Neil et al. (Opt Lett 22:1905-1907, 1997).
The spatial frequency of the illumination that optimizes the spatial resolution is a function of the scattering area of the tracer
particles. Interestingly, increasing the number of raw images does not appear to improve the axial resolution. Finally, the
temporal resolution of SIM PTV is estimated based upon both image and velocity acquisition times.
Percepción de la demanda del turismo oscuro en el Salto del Tequendama, Cundinamarca
Authors: Mora Forero Jorge , Dominiccini Reyes Laura , Navea Mahecha Laura
Published: April 2023

El Salto del Tequendama, ubicado en Cundinamarca, Colombia, ha sido por casi un siglo un sitio lleno de paisaje, tradición oral e historia, en el cual se desarrolla el presente artículo, donde se busca investigar la percepción que tiene el visitante al elegir de destino turístico este misterioso lugar. El turismo oscuro como concepto en ocasiones está ligado a las emociones que produce el sitio a visitar. Para ello, se realizan encuestas a los turistas, con el fin de identificar cómo se percibe el destino alrededor de la muerte. Los resultados evidencian que hay varias percepciones, así como otras formas de turismo diferentes al oscuro. En conclusión, se evidencia un gran potencial para desarrollar un turismo oscuro de forma ética y responsable.
PALESTINE – ISRAEL – GERMANY History and Politics in Moving Contradictions
Authors:   Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Sünker Heinz
Published: April 2023

The relationship between the Zionist movement, which resulted in the founding of the state of Israel in 1948, and native Arabs in Palestine is conflictual and contradictory and has been so since before the current war in Gaza and Hamas’s attack on Israel. This research report brings together several texts authored by critical Israeli, Palestinian and international intellectuals. These texts analyse the historical and current relationship between Palestine, Zionism, and Israel from the last third of the 19th century onward, on the one hand, and the special involvement of Germany in this constellation as a result of the Shoah, on the other. Some of these texts make a historical argument that the Shoah provided additional impetus to the Zionist nation-state idea and the international support for it. Nevertheless, Germany has a responsibility not only towards a democratic Israel, but also towards a democratic Palestinian state (particularly given the problem of the “victim of the victim”). These texts raise a valuable series of points, not least in this regard. The analysis will, however, remain incomplete until it is demonstrated why a Palestinian state was not also founded in 1948 (what were the interests on what sides, including the reactionary Arab states?). It is argued that for peace to be viable, critical intellectuals and emancipatory movements on both sides need to commit to a two-state solution supported by an international alliance.
The Evasive Racism of Caste—and the Homological Power of the “Aryan” Doctrine
Authors: Dwivedi Divya
Published: April 2023

In the fight against racism, philosophy has to interrogate caste in its own histories and current decolonial consensus. Caste has been evading its interrogation as the oldest race theory and racist practice, which continue to oppress the lower-caste peoples who constitute the majority population of the Indian subcontinent. Caste and race are species of the hypophysics of man, which consecrates scaled intrinsic value in human nature through the notion of “being born as” by “being born to.” They are analogues in having the same denigrate-dominate function of exploiting by including as born inferior. However, caste and race are also homologues since the hypophysics of caste has been at the origins of the hypophysics of race from at least the eighteenth century, culminating in the “Aryan doctrine” of the Nazis, now being revived. Caste was the empirical, conceptual, and textual resource for Europeans as it showed that large groups could be dominated as well as excluded through the self-designated superiority, supplied by the Brahminical texts, of the oppressing group. Rather than a colonial construct, caste is the oldest racism, which in colonial times devised new calypsologies—ways to mask itself against rising anticaste thought and politics. Postcolonial and subaltern theories disguise caste’s racism as “religion,” “culture,” and subaltern subjectivity, while some sociologists have denigrated Dalit scholarship as unacademic and emotional. The homologies of caste are still dangerously regnant today.
DYNAMIC IMPACT RESPONSE OF NANOSIZED PRECIPITATES BEARING WASPALOY
Authors: Onovo Harrison
Published: April 2023

Dynamic response of nanosized precipitates bearing (NPB) Waspaloy, a class of superalloy, is crucial to design structural components for critical rotating applications and other severe dynamic impact predisposed applications. The focus of this study is, therefore, to investigate the compressive dynamic behaviour of NPB Waspaloy at a high strain rate under various deformation conditions. The technique of modified split Hopkinson pressure (MSHP) bar was implemented through impact deformation of Waspaloy under wide-ranging deformation temperatures (-180 - 750 oC) and strain rates of (4*103 - 7.5*103 s-1). The outcomes of the experiments divulge how to flow stress relates directly to strain rate and is inversely proportional to deformation temperatures. Work hardening rate affects NPB Waspaloy maximally at the iciest deformation temperature (-180 oC) and the highest strain rate (7.5*103 s-1) considered. Under high straining and high rate of straining deformation conditions, the rate with which work-hardening occurs is destabilized due to the thermal softening effect during deformation. It is established that when strain is constant, the flow stress dependency on the rate of straining depicts linear relation. The thermal softening effect on NPB Waspaloy is concerted at around extreme strain rate (7.5*103 s-1) and iciest deformation temperatures within -180 ~ 25 oC. Mapping of strain, strain rate and deformation temperatures representing input parameters with the resultant flow stress provide an unambiguous analytical view of the effects of dynamic impact deformation. Flow stresses at elevated temperatures are correlated directly with grain growth, mainly influenced by adopted deformation temperatures.
Larvicidal, Ovicidal, Ovipositional deterrent and adulticidal activity of Tagetes erecta and Cymbopogon nardus against Culex quinquefasciatus and their GCMS analysis
Authors: Srivastava Neha , Morey Rashmi , Khandagle Abhay
Published: April 2023

Culex quinquefasciatus (C. quinquefasciatus) is found in tropical and warm temperate regions and can transmit several viral diseases like Elephantiasis or Filariasis, West Nile fever, St. Louis encephalitis, and Japanese encephalitis causes millions of deaths every year. Long term use of synthetic pesticides to control mosquitoes, has led to the emergence of insecticide resistant vector, ecological imbalance, and harm to mammals, water contamination, toxicity to non-target organisms and residual effects. Therefore, plant based products are being searched and evaluated all over the world as an alternative control. The present study evaluated the efficacy of essential oil of Tagetes erecta (T. erecta) and Cymbopogon nardus (C. nardus) as a larvicidal, ovicidal, ovipositional deterrency and adulticidal agent against C. quinquefasciatus. Various bioassays against the IVth instar larvae, eggs and adults of C. quinquefasciatus were carried out. Five different concentrations of 10, 20, 40, 80,160, 320, 640 ppm was prepared for T. erecta whereas 20, 40, 80,160,320, 640, 1280 ppm concentrations were prepared for C. nardus essential oil to get LC50. Mortality data was calculated by Logprobit method of Finney using SPSS 16 (SPSS 2010) following Abbott method. The GCMS analysis of the essential oil of T. erecta and C. nardus was also conducted to estimate the presence of bioactive compunds in the essential oils. The essential oil of T. erecta and C.nardus, showed LC50 at 42.02 ppm and 160.29 ppm respectively after 24 hours. Whereas LC50 after 48 hrs is recorded at 39.25 ppm in T. erecta and 94.39 ppm in C. nardus against C. quinquefasciatus. At 40 ppm, T.erecta showed ovicidal activity with 40.99%, ovipositional activity with 57.80% and adulticidal activity with 88.00%. On the other hand, C. nardus at 160.29 ppm exhibited ovicidal activity with 77.63%, ovipositional activity with 73.33% and adulticidal activity with 73.6%. Many active phytochemicals was also found in the essential oil of T. erecta and C. nardus. It is concluded that the essential oil of both T. erecta and C. nardus are very effective mosquitocidal agent against C. quinquefasciatus. However T. erecta shows more effective results in comparision to C. nardus.
A STUDY TO ANALYZE NEED TO INITIATE SEX EDUCATION PROGRAMS IN SCHOOLS
Authors: Rafiq Shahid , Kamran Farrukh , Zaki Khizer Ahmed
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to analyze the need for initiating sex education programs in schools of Lahore, Pakistan. Qualitative research methodology was used for data collection through focus group discussions and individual interviews with school teachers and students. The study revealed that the majority of the participants perceived a lack of knowledge about reproductive health and sex education among students and felt that such programs should be included in school curriculum. They highlighted several challenges that could hinder implementation of such programs, like cultural and religious taboos, parental resistance and inadequate teacher training. Participants advised various strategies for improving the effectiveness of sex education programs, including involving parents and religious leaders, providing comprehensive and age-appropriate information and cultural sensitivities. Study focuses status of incorporating sex education in school curricula and provides insights into challenges & strategies for realizing programs in conservative society like Pakistan. It is suggested that government and school authorities initiate and implement inclusive sex education programs that are age-appropriate and culturally sensitive.
THE EFFECT OF TEACHERS’ ATTIRE ON TEACHING PERFORMANCE OF UNIVERSITY TEACHERS: A STUDY IN DISTRIC BHAKKAR
Authors: Hussain Abid , Akbar Umar , Fatima Suman
Published: April 2023

The study looks into the matter that what extent teachers’ personality affects the university students’ perception and thinking about their teachers while doing their jobs relating to teaching and learning. To find this out, the online questionnaires were given to 150 students from different departments at Thal University Bhakkar. Students filled out their own questionnaires. Our analysis showed that what teachers wear has effect on how well they do their jobs. We have come to conclusion that what teachers wear affects how well they teach. The results show that there is link between what a teacher wears and how well they do their job, according to the views of students. Results show that there is significant mean difference between how respondents dress and how well they teach, depending upon their age, gender, background, and level of education. Lastly, it is also suggested that more research be done to find out what other things affect how well teachers do their jobs in classroom and how they relate to fash.
GAMBARAN HEMATOLOGI RUTIN DAN D-DIMER PASIEN COVID-19 KOTA KUPANG
Authors: Sabatudung Cornelia , Bia Michael Bhadi , Kambuno Norma Tiku
Published: April 2023

COVID-19 merupakan penyakit infeksius menular yang di sebabkan oleh SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus yang dapat menyebabkan kematian. Pemeriksaan laboratorium yang dilakukan pada covid-19 adalah Real Time Reverse Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) dan sebagai data pendukung dapat juga dilakukan pemeriksaan hematologi rutin serta mengukur tingkat D-Dimer. Mengukur tingkat D-dimer pada awal terjadinya penyakit dapat berguna dalam mengendalikan dan mengelola panyakit COVID-19. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran hematologi rutin dan D-dimer pasien COVID-19 Kota Kupang. Jenis penelitian yang di gunakan yaitu deskriptif dengan pendekatan secara cross sectional menggunakan data sekunder, jumlah sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi sebanyak 292 orang. Hasil penelitian menujukkan pasien terkonfirmasi COVID-19 paling tinggi pada usia 31-35 tahun 91 (31%) dan paling rendah pada usia 0-5 tahun 12 (14%), lebih tinggi pada laki-laki 151 (52%). Gambaran hasil hematologi rutin dari 292 pasien didominasi normal dan pada beberapa kasus mengalami sedikit penigkatan dan penurunan. Nilai D-dimer dari 79 pasien COVID-19 mengalami peningkatan sebanyak 54 (63%). Disimpulkan bahwa pasien terkonfirmasi COVID-19 dapat mengalami peningkatan nilai D-dimer sehingga penting untuk memantau kadar D-dimer dalam masa perawatan pasien.
PROFIL LAMA DEMAM PENDERITA SUSPEK DEMAM TIFOID TERHADAP HASIL WIDAL DAN ANTI Salmonella typhi IgM
Authors: Aini Aini , Ustiawaty Jumari
Published: April 2023

Typhoid fever is one of the diseases that attack the human digestive tract that has a close relationship with environmental sanitation factors. Typhoid fever is transmitted through food and drink contaminated by Salmonella typhi and is an infectious disease. This type of research is descriptive analytics that aims to look for relationships between variables. The method used in the Widal test is agglutination while on Anti Salmonella typhi IgM examination is Inhibition Magnetic Binding Immunoassay (IMBI). The object of the study was a patient indicated by typhoid fever who examined Widal test and Anti Salmonella typhi IgM in the laboratory of Prodia Mataram Clinic, included in the inclusion criteria of 57 people. Based on the results of the study, widal test examination with fever day 3 to day 7 obtained the number of widal test positive patients 4 people (7%) while in Anti Salmonella typhi IgM obtained positive results 14 people (24.6%). At the Widal test with fever day 3, 2 people were positively infected with Salmonella typhi with titers 1/320 while on the 6th and 7th day fever each one person was positive with titers 1/320 and 1/640. At the Anti Salmonella typhi IgM examination on fever days 3 to 5 there were 4 people positively infected with Salmonella typhi scale 4 to 6, while on the 6th and 7th days were obtained.
UJI KUALITAS SUMBER AIR PEGUNUNGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE MOST PROBABLE NUMBER DI DESA TANJUNG TULUNGAGUNG
Authors: Nugraha Rizqi Asri Fauzi , Safitri Yunita Diyah , Purnamawati Novintan Elistya Diyah
Published: April 2023

Air pegunungan merupakan salah satu sumber air bersih yang biasa digunakan masyarakat pedesaan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air harian seperti mencuci, mandi, dan memasak. Kurangnya  sarana air bersih di Indonesia merupakan permasalahan yang belum terselesaikan sampai saat ini. Salah satu kebiasaan masyarakat di Desa Tanjung Tulungagung yakni menggunakan air sumber pegunungan untuk dikonsumsi sebagai air minum tanpa memasaknya terlebih dahulu. Air yang tidak dimasak memiliki kecenderungan tercemar oleh mikroba, salah satunya yakni golongan coliform. Bakteri coliform dapat menyebabkan beberapa penyakit, misalnya diare, disentri dan kolera. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas air dengan mengamati pertumbuhan bakteri coliform pada air pegunungan yang dikonsumsi oleh warga di Desa Tanjung Kecamatan Sendang Tulungagung. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Most Probable Number (MPN). Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan jumlah Coliform yang terkandung dalam pengulangan pengujian sampel 1, 2, 3 & 4 secara berurutan yaitu 900, 1600, 1600, 1600 MPN/100 ml, selanjutnya data dibandingkan dengan SNI yang dikeluarkan oleh Badan Standarisasi Nasional. Berdasarkan SNI 3719:2014, syarat nilai Angka Paling Mungkin (APM) untuk air minum yaitu tidak lebih dari <2/100 ml. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah air yang digunakan oleh masyarakat Desa Tanjung Kecamatan Sendang Kabupaten Tulungagung tidak layak untuk dikonsumsi secara langsung tanpa diolah terlebih dahulu.
The ALARM Theory of Consciousness: A Two-Level Theory of Phenomenal Consciousness
Authors: Newen Albert , Montemayor Carlos
Published: April 2023

The scientific investigation of consciousness generates new findings at a rapid pace. We argue that we need a novel theoretical framework, which we call the ALARM theory of consciousness, in order to account for all central observations. According to this theory, we need to distinguish
two levels of consciousness, namely basic arousal and general alertness. Basic arousal functions as a specific alarm system, keeping a biological organism alive under sudden intense threats, and general alertness enables flexible learning and behavioural strategies. This two-level theory of
consciousness helps us to account for (i) recent discoveries of subcortical brain activities with a central role of thalamic processes, (ii) observations of differences in the behavioural repertoire of non-human animals indicating two types of conscious experiences. Furthermore, the framework
enables us (iii) to unify the neural evidence for the relevance of subcortical processes, on the one hand, and of cortico-cortical loops, on the other, and finally (iv) to clarify the evolutionary and actual functional role of conscious experiences.
Neutrosophic Pythagorean Fuzzy Shortest Path in a Network
Authors:   Department of Mathematics Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous) Tiruchirappalli – 620020, Tamil Nadu, India (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Basha M. Asim ,   Department of Mathematics Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous) Tiruchirappalli – 620020, Tamil Nadu, India (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University),   Laboratory of Information Processing, Faculty of Science Ben M’Sik, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco; Regional Center for the Professions of Education and Training(C.R.M.E.F), Casablanca-settat, Morocco., Jabarulla M. Mohammed , said Broumi
Published: April 2023

We began a novel technique to dealing with the Neutrosophic Pythagorean shortest route problem in a network in this paper by representing each edge weight as a triangular fuzzy Pythagorean number with dependent Neutrosophic components and Pythagorean fuzzy graph condition.0≤μ_1 (v_i^' )^2+β_1 (v_i^' )^2+σ_1 (v_i^' )^2≤2. The main purpose of this article is to show how to use Neutrosophic Pythagorean fuzzy graphs. As a result, we created the proposed method, which also delivers the shortest path length from the source node (SN) to the destination node by using a ranking function for the Neutrosophic Pythagorean fuzzy Triangular number. Finally, an illustrative instance is supplied for validation.
Pengaruh Gaya Mengajar Guru dan Sikap Guru terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa
Authors: Sukandi Pipin , Susilawati Ruly
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh gaya mengajar guru dan sikap guru terhadap prestasi belajar SMAN 10 Bandung. Populasi dan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh guru SMAN 10 Bandung. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dan metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah uji validitas dan reliabilitas, uji asumsi klasik, uji regresi linear berganda, uji t, uji f, dan uji koefisien determinasi. Hasil pada peneltian ini menunjukan bahwa gaya mengajar guru berpengaruh positif terhadap prestasi belajar siswa, sikap guru berpengaruh positif terhadap prestasi belajar siswa, dan secara bersama-sama gaya mengajar guru dan sikap guru berpengaruh positif terhadap prestai belajar siswa SMAN 10 Bandung.
Undang-Undang Sisdiknas sebagai Payung Hukum Pendidikan di Indonesia
Authors: Chandra Alex
Published: April 2023

Pendidikan merupakan suatu elemen penting dalam kehiduoan amsyarakt indonesia. hal ini dikarenakan dengan Pendidikan, maysrakat dapat meningkatkan harkat dan martabatnya serta membuat kehidupannya mejadi lebih baik. Tujuan utama dari Pendidikan adalah untuk mencerdaska kehidupan bangsa sebagaimana termaktub dalam pembukaan Undang Undang Dsara Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 Alinea ke IV. Implikasi dari ketentuan ini adalah berupa paying hukum yaitu Undang Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adlaah untuk mengetahui Undang Undang Sisdinas sebagai paying hukum Pendidikan di indonsia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif, hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa undang undang sisdiknas memiliki peran penting dalam peyelenggaraan Pendidikan di Indoensia. Pengaturan kurikulum Pendidikan berdasarkan undang undang sidiknas lebih menaknkan pada Pendidikan moral dibandingkan Pendidikan secara akademis.
Pembangunan Sistem Informasi Booking Lapangan Futsal pada Rajawali Futsal
Authors: Nadjamuddin Suwinarno
Published: April 2023

Perkembangan futsal di tanah air, khususnya di kota Bandung berkembang sangat pesat dalam beberapa tahun ini. Namun masih banyak pengelola lapangan futsal yang menggunakan sistem booking yang masih jadul atau manual. Demikian juga di Rajawali Futsal, pelanggan yang ingin melihat jadwal ataupun melakukan booking, harus datang langsung ke lapangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat sebuah aplikasi yang akan membantu pengelola lapangan futsal, baik dari proses melihat jadwal maupun melakukan booking sehingga akan lebih efisien dan efektif. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan agar sistem informasi booking berbasis website ini dapat membantu para pelanggan yang ingin melakukan booking lapangan ataupun sekedar melihat jadwal. Dan bagi petugas/admin dapat bermanfaat untuk membantu mengolah data yang lebih terkomputerisasi.
Komunikasi Politik Kepala Desa dalam Konflik Agraria (Studi Deskriptif Kualitatif Komunikasi Politik Kepala Desa Cipanjalu Kecamatan Cilengkrang Kabupaten Bandung dalam Konflik Agraria Lokal)
Authors: Asmarani Aulia
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis Komunikasi Politik Kepala Desa Cipajalu dalam konflik agraria di wilayahnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif jenis deskriptif. Fokus penelitian ini ialah Komunikasi politik yang diterapkan oleh Kepala Desa Cipanjalu. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi politik yang disampaikan oleh Kepala Desa Cipanjalu, adalah secara persuasif berupa penyampaian pesan-pesan secara langsung, melakukan pendekatan secara personal, serta dengan lebih terbuka terhadap masyarakat baik dalam menyampaikan keluhan masyarakat maupun sekedar kritik dan saran. Kedua ialah penggunaan media sebagai alat dalam penyampaian komunikasi politik berupa penyampaian dari mulut ke mulut melalui Karang Taruna, LPMD, dan BPD yang ada di Desa Cipanjalu, serta yang terakhir dengan loby-loby politik dan negosiasi dengan pihak-pihak yang terkait dalam konflik agraria yaitu pihak Perum Perhutani dan PTPN VIII. Salah satu factor pendukung komunikasi politik tersebut di atas adalah kondisi financial Kades yang baik dan Kepala Desa Cipanjalu mampu membaca situasi dan kondisi masyarakat serta pihak-pihak lain yang berkepentingan terhadap sumber-sumber agraria Desa Cipanjalu. Komunikasi politik yang disampaikan tepat pada sasaran sehingga mampu menyelesaikan konflik agraria serta mampu mensejahterakan masyarakat desa. Factor penghambatnya adalah terbatasnya akses informasi dan pengetahuan bagi rakyat desa Cipanjalu sehingga berakibat pada terbatasnya masyarakat terdidik secara social politik khususnya dalam konteks kasus-kasus agraria.
Peran Perempuan di Wilayah Konflik (Keterlibatan Perempuan dalam Peacebuilding Konflik Suriah)
Authors: Sutantri Sintia Catur , Pratama Obi
Published: April 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apa peran perempuan di zona konflik dengan menggunakan studi kasus perempuan dalam pembangunan perdamaian dalam konflik di Suriah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan sumber data dari penelusuran literatur dari beberapa penelitian terdahulu yang memiliki kajian yang relevan atau informasi yang berbeda mengenai peristiwa di daerah konflik. Data dan informasi berasal dari berbagai sumber, baik online maupun offline. Dalam suatu konflik di satu wilayah, viktimisasi tentu tidak berlaku untuk semua gender, namun perempuan seringkali digambarkan sebagai korban di suatu wilayah konflik, namun hal tersebut tidak sepenuhnya benar. Perempuan dengan mentalitas berbeda, seringkali berbeda dengan laki-laki, selalu mampu berperan aktif dalam pembangunan perdamaian di zona konflik. Hal ini terlihat, misalnya, dalam konflik yang sedang terjadi di Suriah. Perempuan memiliki banyak peran, mulai dari peran langsung, pembela di wilayah konflik hingga komunitas akar rumput yaitu komunitas yang terkena dampak langsung konflik.
Development and Application of a Mathematical Simulation Model to Evaluate Environmental Performance of Greenhouses Using Physical and Climatic Indicators
Authors: Al Amin Gaafar Amna Mohammed , Mohammed Hassan Ibrahim , D. Elfadil Abdelkarim
Published: April 2023

This study was conducted to determine and apply a mathematical model to simulate the environmental and climatic parameters to evaluate the performance of different greenhouses in three areas within the Khartoum North – Sudan (Date Palm Technology Company., Abu Halima Center and Khartoum University). The assessment method depends on development of a computer simulation model to generate from house physical characteristics and climate data ten environmental performance evaluation indicators (Relative moisture efficiency; Cooling effectiveness, Moisture saturation efficiency; Water consumption rate; House overall efficiency; House ventilation rate, Optimum internal temperature and internal relative humidity).The result of application of the evaluation model for nine greenhouses in three different locations in Khartoum North reveals that there is no significant differences (P = 0.05) in evaluation indicators between the three studied areas. The study concluded that additional work is needed to upgrade the mode of running greenhouse crop cultivation system with regards to: using sustainable and energy efficient cooling and ventilation technologies, adopting new techniques to conserve water and its efficient utilization, introducing properly adapted materials for high temperatures and strong solar radiation, and accessibility of technologies such as automation systems. In the current system moisture use efficiency in particular found to be lower than expected and measures to improvement are critically needed. With respect to the system efficiency and utility of fan and pad greenhouse the effectiveness of cooling system is function of internal environmental parameter (temperature and relative humidity with negative relation). The evaluation model shows that cooling efficiency tends to go up in the areas with low relative humidity.
Acute Burns during Pregnancy
Authors: Sarkar Dipnarayan , Patra Kajal , Saha Sukhomay , Murmu Mosihon
Published: April 2023

Background: The incidence of acute burn injuries in pregnant women is very low. Burn injuries during pregnancy are often associated with a high rate of fetal and maternal mortality and morbidity. There is a paucity of published data on the specific problems of burns in pregnancy, despite the high mortality for both the mother and the fetus. Aims and Objectives: This study we aimed to review the cases of acute burn during pregnancy and evaluate the outcome of these patients in West Bengal, India. Materials and Methods: This was hospital based retrospective study conducted at SSKM Hospital in collaboration with Dept of Plastic Surgery, West Bengal, India from April 2019 to March 2022. Total 141 pregnant women with thermal injuries were included in the study. Template was generated and analysis was done on SPSS software. Results: Among 141 pregnant women with thermal injuries maximum were in the age group of 21-25 years (39.7%). Mean Age of the patients were 16.75 years. Accidental Burn was 114 (80.9%). Maximum burn was during 2nd trimester 83 (58.9%). IUFD was present in 4 (2.8%) of burn mothers, septicemia was present in 23 (16.3%) and maternal death was present in 22 (15.6%) of the burn mothers. Maximum maternal deaths 6 (4.3%) was found in 74%TBSA cases. Almost 90 to 100% maternal deaths were found in 70% to 100% TBSA cases. maximum deaths were in the age group of 18.20 years. Maternal deaths in accidental burn was 18 (12.8%) and suicidal burn was 4 (2.8%). Conclusions: Maternal mortality is correlated to the percentage of the total burned area and inhalation injury. Burns in pregnant women have a profound effect on the fetal wellbeing, with a high rate of mortality especially in the first trimester.
ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS OF SCIATIC NERVE - A CADAVERIC STUDY
Authors: PITTA VENKATA , JAKKA LAKSHMI , ATHOTA VIJAYALAKSHMI
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Sciatic nerve arises from lumbosacral plexus. It divides into tibial and common peroneal nerves from pelvis to popliteal region. The sciatic nerve usually exits from gluteal region below the piriformis muscle. Variations in course and level of division of sciatic nerve are well documented in the literature.
Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate for variations in relationship between the piriformis muscle and sciatic nerve and also the variations in the level of division of sciatic nerve.
Materials and Methods: This study was done on 80 lower limbs of the 40 embalmed cadavers during routine anatomical dissections in the Department of Anatomy, Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada. Regions were dissected according to the guidelines and variations in sciatic nerve course and level of division were noted.
Results: In this study we noted that relationships between sciatic nerve and piriformis muscle are of type A in 82.50%, type B in 8.75%, type C in 5.0%, type D in 2.5% and rare type G in 1.25%. With regard to the level of the division of sciatic nerve these are of type I in 28.75%, type II in 8.75%, type III in 6.25%, type IV in 3.75% and type V in 52.5%.
Conclusion: The study establishes the variations in sciatic nerve relationship with piriformis muscle and its level of division in south Indian population. These are important to understand the variable symptoms in cases of sciatic nerve injury or compressions, complications during surgeries on gluteal region and also sciatic nerve block anesthesia.
Prevalence of coronary artery anomalies and arising complications during catheter guided angiography
Authors: panda sibaram , Sharma Sunil , Panda Mayadhar
Published: April 2023

Background: Coronary artery anomalies (CAA) refer to very uncommon and unusual morphological features of the epicardial coronary artery that account for 1/5th of deaths in athletes. Patients with CAA are also prone to develop significant coronary artery disease. Identification of such arteries during catheter-guided angiography is very challenging and associated with many devastating complications like arrhythmia, heart failure, contrast-induced nephropathy, bleeding, cardio-embolic events, mechanical injury to the coronary artery, etc.
Objective: To describe the prevalence of various types of coronary anomalies and the complications, that arise during catheter-guided angiography.
Materials and method: A total of 2849 patients who underwent angiography (for angina or angina equivalents) at the catheterization laboratory, VIMSAR, Burla, were enrolled in the study. Angiographic records and videos of patients were noted. Coronary anomalies were detected as per quantitative and qualitative criteria provided by the American Heart Association in 2007. The anomalous coronary arteries were classified into three groups based on the guidelines: Group A—anomalies of origin and course; Group B—anomalies of intrinsic coronary arterial anatomy; and Group C—anomalies of coronary termination. Data with respect to baseline characteristics and complications are collected, compiled, and tabulated for further analysis.
Result: Among 2849 enrolled patients, coronary artery anomalies were identified in 64 (2.24%) patients. Out of which, CAA with abnormal origin and course (Group A), abnormal termination (Group B), and intrinsic coronary arterial anatomy (Group C) were detected in 36 (1.26%), 4 (0.14%), and 24 (0.84%) patients, respectively. Out of 64 cases, a total of 13 (20.3%) patients developed different types of complications, like mechanical (3.125%), embolic (1.56%), and arrhythmic (4.68%), bleeding (3.12%), contrast-induced nephropathy (4.68%), left ventricular failure (3.12%), etc. In group A, complications were more commonly observed in 10 (15.6%) of the cases.
Conclusion: CAA with an abnormal origin and course is the most common type of coronary anomaly. Engagement of such an artery and detection of its abnormal course are more commonly associated with life-threatening complications. The use of appropriate manoeuvres, types and size of catheter, and cine views can help to avoid disastrous complications.
The Bat Child
Authors: Novo Marta , Gaia Maria , Santos Helena , Santos Mafalda
Published: April 2023

Case Report
A short stature 10 year old boy with pes planus, mild hearing loss, failure of exfoliation of the primary dentition, anterior hyperdontia, malocclusion and open anterior fontanelle was observed in Pediatric Orthopedics consultation, and presenting the following alterations (image).

Discussion
This child has cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD). Is an autosomal dominant disease caused by an heterozygous loss-of-function mutation in the RUNX2 gene, encoding transcription factor CBFA1, on chromosome 6p21, which plays an important role in osteogenesis and differentiation of osteoblasts. The main clinical features include persistently open skull sutures, hypoplasia or aplasia of the clavicles permitting abnormal facility in opposing the shoulders, short middle phalanx of the fifth fingers, dental anomalies (supernumerary teeth, failure of exfoliation of the primary dentition and malocclusion), pes planus, upper respiratory complications, recurrent otitis media, hearing loss and often vertebral malformation (scoliosis).

Conclusion
The clinical diagnosis of CCD was made during pregnancy, through the detection of aplasia of the clavicles in fetu, in association with the mother having short stature (1.32 meters), persistence of primary teeth and open anterior fontanelle. With 10 years of age, he underwent mendilioma study which revealed the mutation in the RUNX2 gene (c. 747 del (p.(Arg251 Alafs*7))) classified as a pathogenic variant.
NEONATAL GROUP B STREPTOCOCCAL DISEASE IN A NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: A TWELVE-YEAR STUDY
Authors: Novo Marta , ada Dinis , Soares Marta , Ramalho Ana , Alfaro Maria , Scortenschi Ecaterina , Calado Cla , Rosa Jo , Santos Vera , Gaspar Luisa
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a gram-positive coccus, that frequently colonizes the human genital and gastrointestinal tract, and is the most common cause of invasive infections in neonates. The high clinical suspicion and early treatment are essential to prevent devastating sequelae and improve the prognosis of these patients.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective descriptive study made with children younger than 3 months of age, admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit of a level II hospital, from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2021, with early (EOI) or late-onset (LOI) neonatal GBS infection. Reviewed obstetric history, risk factors, intrapartum chemoprophylaxis (IPA), clinical manifestations, antibiotic therapy, supportive care, recurrent infection, morbidities and deaths.
Results: There were 6 cases registered during 12-year period with GBS infection, 3(50%) had EOI, 3(50%) had LOI and 1 case with recurrent infection (more 2 episodes). Most cases were prematures (4/6; 67%)with average gestational age of 29weeks. Eight GBS infections were documented. In EOI, prematurity and prolonged rupture of membranes without chemoprophylaxis were identified as risk factors. The most common clinical diagnosis was meningitis (62,5%, 5/8) and sepsis/bacteriemia without a focus (37,5%, 3/8). The most used empirical therapy was ampicillin, gentamicin and cefotaxime (50%, 4/8) and the most frequent definitive therapy was Penicillin G. 4 patients needed ventilatory support and 1 needed shock and seizures treatment. In one case hydrocephalus and delayed psychomotor development (DPD) were reported and in another case DPD and eyelid ptosis were also reported. 1 death occurred.
Conclusion: In our study, maternal colonization wasn’t a risk factor for EIO, because the 4 mothers who performed GBS culture (2 mothers of term newborns and 2 mothers of preterms, one with invasive disease and other with recurrent infection) were negative. We obtained a higher percentage of meningitis than previously described (62.5% vs 5-10%), probably because most patients were premature and immunosuppressed.