bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sarcoidosis Developing During Secukinumab Therapy: Case Report
Authors: Nyckowski Timothy , Ceilley Roger , Wilson Joshua
Published: September 2017

Introduction: Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous inflammatory disease with an unknown etiology and complex pathogenesis. Existing literature supports the relationship of new-onset sarcoidosis with the use of a several biologic agents. Since the skin is the second most commonly involved organ in sarcoidosis and often precedes systemic involvement, dermatologists must be able to recognize its non-specific clinical presentation.Case Report: We present a 45 year old female with psoriatic arthritis who developed biopsy proven cutaneous sarcoidal granulomas with pulmonary involvement shortly after initiating secukinumab for treatment of psoriatic arthritis. Despite discontinuation of secukinumab, the sarcoidosis has persisted.Discussion: This is the first case report of secukinumab, or any IL-17 inhibitor related sarcoidosis that we are aware of in the literature. Dermatologists should be aware of this as a possible side effect of secukinumab use. As the research on the role of IL-17 in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis continues to develop, the implications of this side effect of IL-17 inhibition may have important future implications.
Early-Onset Basal Cell Carcinoma in Young Female Endurance Athletes: A Report of Three Cases
Authors: Lee Jonathan J , Dando Emily , Bibee Kristin , Jedrych Jaroslaw , Ho Jonhan , Patton Timothy
Published: September 2017

No abstract available.
In Vitro Study on Quercetin Metabolism and Transport Rate in Presence of Benzo(a)pyrene
Authors: C. Naccari , A. Kroon P.
Published: September 2017

Quercetin is a flavonoid able to modify the metabolism of carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene in human intestinal cells but it is
not known if its metabolism is affected by the presence of B(a)P. In this study the phase-2 metabolism and transport rate
of quercetin has been studied using CaCo-2/TC7 cell line, model of human enterocytes, co-treated with B(a)P. Quercetin
and its main metabolites, sulfated and glucuronidated, were quantified at different times (from T0 to T 24h), using HPLC
with diode array and MS detection. This study showed that quercetin metabolism in CaCo-2/TC7 cells co-treated with
B(a)P presents some differences respect to control in the formation of sulphates coniugates, more evident in the last time
of analysis. The transport study, instead, confirmed a stronger influence of BaP with an increased rate of glucuronidation
and sulfation of quercetin in both cellular side. The effects of B(a)P observed on phase-2 metabolism and transport rate
of quercetin, by in vitro model of human enterocytes, put in evidence its possible influence, consequently, also on
biological activities of this flavonoid.
Nickel Nanoparticles Supported on Diphenylphosphinated Poly(Vinyl Alcohol-Co-ethylene) as a New Heterogeneous and Recyclable Catalyst for Mizoroki–Heck Reactions
Authors: Ebrahimzadeh Farzaneh
Published: September 2017

Nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) supported on diphenylphosphinated poly(vinyl alcohol- co-ethylene) (DPP-PVA- co-PE) were synthesised by first reacting poly(vinyl alcohol- co-ethylene) with chlorodiphenylphosphine (ClPPh2) under basic conditions and then treating the product with Ni(OAc)2 followed by reduction with NaBH4. (DPP-PVA- co-PE)-NiNPs, a new metallised polymer, was then shown to efficiently catalyse Mizoroki–Heck reactions of aryl iodides, bromides or activated chlorides with olefins such as styrene and n-butyl acrylate in dimethylformamide. In contrast with other polymer-supported catalysts, the main advantage of this method is the low cost of the catalyst due to the simple synthetic route using easily obtained materials and good recoverability. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements were used to show the high metal dispersion and small sizes of Ni nanoparticle on the surface of the modified polymer. DPP-PVA- co-PE-NiNPs could be recycled several times.
The Influence of Speech Rate on Acceptable Noise Levels
Authors: Tiffin Shelby , Gordon-Hickey Susan
Published: September 2017

Background:Older adults often struggle with accurate perception of rate-altered speech and have difficulty understanding speech in noise. The acceptable noise level (ANL) quantifies a listener’s willingness to listen to speech in background noise and has been found to accurately
predict hearing aid success. Based on the difficulty older adults experience with rapid speech, we were interested in how older adults may change the amount of background noise they willingly accept in a variety of speech rate conditions.Purpose:To determine the effects of age and speech
rate on the ANL.Research Design:A quasi-experimental mixed design was employed.Study Sample:Fifteen young adults (19‐27 yr) and fifteen older adults (55‐73 yr) with audiometrically normal hearing or hearing loss within age-normed limits served as participants.Data
Collection and Analysis:Most comfortable listening levels (MCLs) and background noise levels (BNLs) were measured using three different speech rates (slow, normal, and fast). The ANL was calculated by subtracting BNL from MCL. Repeated measures analysis of variances were used to analyze
the effects of age and speech rate on ANL.Results:A significant main effect of speech rate was observed; however, a significant main effect of age was not found. Results indicated that as speech rate increased the ANLs increased. This suggests that participants became less accepting
of background noise as speech rates increased.Conclusions:The findings of the present study provide support for communication strategies that recommend slowing an individual’s speaking rate and/or reducing background noise, if possible. Participants in the present study were better
able to cope with background noise when the primary stimulus was presented at slow and normal speaking rates.
OMERACT Endorsement of Patient-reported Outcome Instruments in Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–associated Vasculitis
Authors: Robson Joanna C. , Tomasson Gunnar , Milman Nataliya , Ashdown Sue , Boonen Annelies , Casey George C. , Cronholm Peter F. , Cuthbertson David , Dawson Jill , Direskeneli Haner , Easley Ebony , Kermani Tanaz A. , Farrar John T. , Gebhart Don , Lanier Georgia , Luqmani Raashid A. , Mahr Alfred , McAlear Carol A. , Peck Jacqueline , Shea Beverley , Shea Judy A. , Sreih Antoine G. , Tugwell Peter S. , Merkel Peter A.
Published: September 2017

Objective.

The antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitides (AAV) are multiorgan diseases. Patients with AAV report impairment in their health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and have different priorities regarding disease assessment compared with physicians. The Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Vasculitis Working Group previously received endorsement for a core set of domains in AAV. Two approaches to measure patient-reported outcomes (PRO) were presented at OMERACT 2016.

Methods.

A novel 5-step tool was used to facilitate assessment of the instruments by delegates: the OMERACT Filter 2.0 Instrument Selection Algorithm, with a red-amber-green checklist of questions, including (1) good match with domain (face and content validity), (2) feasibility, (3) do numeric scores make sense (construct validity)?, (4) overall ratings of discrimination, and (5) can individual thresholds of meaning be defined? Delegates gave an overall endorsement. Three generic Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) instruments (fatigue, physical functioning, and pain interference) and a disease-specific PRO, the AAV-PRO (6 domains related to symptoms and HRQOL), were presented.

Results.

OMERACT delegates endorsed the use of the PROMIS instruments for fatigue, physical functioning, and pain interference (87.6% overall endorsement) and the disease-specific AAV-PRO instrument (89.4% overall endorsement).

Conclusion.

The OMERACT Vasculitis Working Group gained endorsement by OMERACT for use of the PROMIS and the AAV-PRO in clinical trials of vasculitis. These instruments are complementary to each other. The PROMIS and the AAV-PRO need further work to assess their utility in longitudinal settings, including their ability to discriminate between treatments of varying efficacy in the setting of a randomized controlled trial.
Associations Between Knee Effusion-synovitis and Joint Structural Changes in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Wang Xia , Jin Xingzhong , Blizzard Leigh , Antony Benny , Han Weiyu , Zhu Zhaohua , Cicuttini Flavia , Wluka Anita E. , Winzenberg Tania , Jones Graeme , Ding Changhai
Published: September 2017

Objective.

To describe the associations between effusion-synovitis and joint structural abnormalities in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) over 24 months.

Methods.

A posthoc analysis using data from a randomized controlled trial in 413 patients with symptomatic OA (aged 63 ± 7 yrs, 208 women). Knee effusion-synovitis volume and score, cartilage defects, cartilage volume, and bone marrow lesions (BML) were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging. Joint space narrowing (JSN) and osteophytes were assessed using radiograph. Least significant change criterion was used to define change in effusion-synovitis volume. Knee symptoms were assessed by Western Ontario and McMaster University OA Index. Multivariable linear/logistic regression and multilevel generalized mixed-effects models were used in longitudinal analyses.

Results.

Total effusion-synovitis volume increased modestly from baseline (8.0 ± 8.5 ml) to followup (9.0 ± 10.5 ml). Baseline BML, cartilage defect, JSN, and osteophyte scores were positively associated with change in effusion-synovitis volume (p < 0.05). Baseline cartilage defects and JSN were also associated with change in effusion-synovitis score (p < 0.05). However, neither baseline effusion-synovitis score nor volume consistently predicted change in the above structures except cartilage volume. In the mixed-effects models, knee effusion-synovitis was positively associated with BML (volume: β = 1.19 ml/grade; score: OR = 1.75/grade) and cartilage defects (volume: β = 1.87 ml/grade; score: OR = 2.22/grade), while negatively associated with cartilage volume loss. Change in effusion-synovitis volume was positively correlated with changes in knee pain and stiffness scores (p < 0.05).

Conclusion.

Knee cartilage and subchondral bone abnormalities predicted change in effusion-synovitis, but effusion-synovitis did not predict knee structural changes. These findings suggest that synovial inflammation is likely the result of joint structural abnormalities in established OA. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01176344. Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12610000495022.
Closing the Serological Gap in the Antiphospholipid Syndrome: The Value of “Non-criteria” Antiphospholipid Antibodies
Authors: Zohoury Navid , Bertolaccini Maria Laura , Rodriguez-Garcia Jose Luis , Shums Zakera , Ateka–Barrutia Oier , Sorice Maurizio , Norman Gary L. , Khamashta Munther
Published: September 2017

Objective.

Most clinicians use the 2006 Sydney classification criteria to evaluate patients suspected of having antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Although sensitive and specific for APS, many patients fulfilling clinical criteria for the syndrome are persistently negative for the specific serological tests (“laboratory criteria”). These “seronegative APS” (SN-APS) patients can go undiagnosed and untreated until they experience serious clinical events. This study’s objective was to describe antibody profiles of SN-APS patients using non-criteria markers, assess the clinical utility of these markers separately and in combination, and suggest incorporation into guidelines for patients suspected of APS.

Methods.

We categorized 175 consecutive patients suspected of APS into 2 subgroups: 107 fulfilling Sydney APS classification for seropositive APS (SP-APS) and 68 with clinical manifestations suggestive of APS but having negative serology, on 2 occasions, for criteria markers (SN-APS). On study inclusion, samples were retested for criteria and 11 non-criteria markers, including antiphosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies.

Results.

Using 4 of 11 non-criteria tests, a cumulative 30.9% of SN-APS patients were detected. Combining results of all 11 non-criteria tests, 25 SN-APS (36.8%) and 89 SP-APS (83.2%) were positive for 1 or more non-criteria antibodies.

Conclusion.

Failure to diagnose APS can result in severe clinical consequences. Patients displaying clinical features of APS, but negative for conventional criteria markers, should undergo additional testing for non-criteria biomarkers. In our cohort, around one-third of SN-APS patients showed reactivity to 1 or more non-criteria markers. An update to the current classification criteria incorporating new serological markers should be considered to identify and stratify patients with APS for more effective treatment and management.
Trends in Treatment, Outcomes, and Incidence of Orthopedic Surgery in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Observational Cohort Study Using the Japanese National Database of Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Matsumoto Takumi , Nishino Jinju , Izawa Naohiro , Naito Masashi , Hirose Jun , Tanaka Sakae , Yasui Testuro , Saisho Koichiro , Tohma Shigeto
Published: September 2017

Objective.

In this study, we investigated the changes in clinical outcome, treatment, and incidence of orthopedic surgery in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from 2004 to 2014.

Methods.

Data were studied from the Japanese nationwide cohort database, NinJa (National Database of Rheumatic Diseases by iR-net in Japan), from 2004 to 2014. The time trends in the incidence of orthopedic procedures were analyzed using linear regression analysis. The cross-sectional annual data were compared between 2004 and 2014 to analyze the changes in clinical outcome and treatment.

Results.

The incidence of orthopedic surgeries in patients with RA consistently decreased from 72.2 procedures per 1000 patients in 2004 to 51.5 procedures per 1000 patients in 2014 (regression coefficient = −0.0028, 95% CI −0.0038 to −0.0019, p < 0.001). The greatest reduction was found in total knee arthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty. Disease activity and functional disability improved significantly over this decade. The proportions of patients receiving methotrexate and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs significantly increased from 39.6% and 1.7% in 2004 to 63.8% and 27.4% in 2014, respectively.

Conclusion.

The overall incidence of orthopedic surgeries in patients with RA significantly decreased, accompanied by improved clinical outcomes because of the expanded use of effective drugs; however, the declining trend differed between procedures or locations. The results from the present study suggest that there might be a change in supply and demand for orthopedic surgeries.
Risk of Retinal Toxicity in Longterm Users of Hydroxychloroquine
Authors: Kim Ji-Won , Kim Yoon Young , Lee Hwajeong , Park Sung-Hoon , Kim Seong-Kyu , Choe Jung-Yoon
Published: September 2017

Objective.

Several studies have reported risk factors for hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) retinal toxicity, but data are limited for patients of Asian ancestry. The aim of this study was to investigate the rate of and factors for HCQ retinal toxicity in the Korean population.

Methods.

There were 123 patients enrolled in this study who were using or had used HCQ. Retinal toxicity was detected using spectral domain optical coherence tomography, fundus autofluorescence, multifocal electroretinography, and automated visual field testing. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with HCQ retinal toxicity.

Results.

Mean duration of HCQ use and mean HCQ dose in study participants was 10.1 years and 6.4 mg/kg, respectively. We found 17 patients (13.8%) with HCQ retinal toxicity among 123 patients. Patients with retinal toxicity took HCQ ranging from 6.7–21.9 years and daily dosage ranging from 4.9–9.1 mg/kg. Only 1 patient had retinal toxicity among patients with daily dose < 5.0 mg/kg. These factors increased the risk of HCQ retinal toxicity: longer duration of HCQ use [adjusted OR (aOR) = 4.71, 95% CI 2.18–10.15 for duration of HCQ use in 5-yr increments], higher daily HCQ dose (aOR = 3.34, 95% CI 1.03–10.80 for daily HCQ dose in 100-mg increments), and the presence of kidney disease (aOR = 8.56, 95% CI 1.15–64.00).

Conclusion.

HCQ retinal toxicity is associated with duration of HCQ use, daily HCQ dose, and presence of kidney disease. Proper dosing of maximum 5 mg/kg and regular screening according to risk factors are important in HCQ use.
Phenotypic Features and Longterm Outcomes of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients with Arthritis and Arthralgia
Authors: Nir Osnat , Rinawi Firas , Amarilyo Gil , Harel Liora , Shamir Raanan , Assa Amit
Published: September 2017

Objective.

The natural history of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients with joint involvement has not been clearly described. Thus, we aimed to investigate phenotypic features and clinical outcomes of this distinct association.

Methods.

The medical records of patients with pediatric IBD diagnosed from 2000 to 2016 were reviewed retrospectively. Main outcome measures included time to first flare, hospitalization, surgery, and biologic therapy.

Results.

Of 301 patients with Crohn disease (median age 14.2 yrs), 37 (12.3%) had arthritis while 44 (14.6%) had arthralgia at diagnosis. Arthritis and arthralgia were more common in women (p = 0.028). Patients with arthritis and arthralgia demonstrated lower rates of perianal disease (2.7% and 4.5% vs 16.9%, p = 0.013), whereas patients with arthritis were more likely to be treated with biologic therapy (HR 2.05, 95% CI 1.27–3.33, p = 0.009). Of 129 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC; median age 13.7 yrs), 3 (2.3%) had arthritis and 16 (12.4%) had arthralgia at diagnosis. Patients with arthralgia were treated more often with corticosteroids (p = 0.03) or immunomodulator therapies (p = 0.003) compared with those without joint involvement. The likelihood to undergo colectomy was significantly higher in patients with arthralgia (HR 2.9, 95% CI 1.1–7.4, p = 0.04). During followup (median 9.0 yrs), 13 patients developed arthritis (3.3%). Arthralgia at diagnosis was a significant predictor for the development of arthritis during followup (HR 9.0, 95% CI 2.86–28.5, p < 0.001).

Conclusion.

Pediatric IBD patients with arthritis have distinct phenotypic features. Arthralgia at diagnosis is a predictor for colectomy in UC and a risk factor for the development of arthritis during followup.
Du bon usage de notre manque des noms divins
Authors: Marion Jean-Luc
Published: September 2017

C’est sur la base d’une défaillance des noms divins, des noms du Père, dont l’histoire moderne commence avec Descartes, que peut se concevoir la crise actuelle. Les concepts de la méta-physique n’offrent plus rien d’assez divin pour qu’on puisse, sans idolâtrie, les consacrer comme des « noms divins ». Car Dieu n’admet pas de nom propre et, en conséquence, tous les noms lui conviennent, sans qu’aucun le définisse. Comme d’autres religions, l’islam, lorsqu’il se « sur-islamise », contre l’islam réel, devient ainsi une idolâtrie, qui forge un objet dont elle s’imagine pouvoir s’assurer. Mais, sachant, bien sûr, la fragilité de son idole, il ne lui reste qu’à le détruire et se tuer. Et pourtant l’unique moyen de rester croyant dans ce monde consiste à ne pas devenir idolâtre.
La figure du surmusulman
Authors: Benslama Fethi
Published: September 2017

Cet article aborde la conjoncture clinique, historique et théorique qui a amené l’auteur à proposer la notion de « surmusulman » comme figure constituée par l’islamisme dans son combat contre les Lumières occidentales, lors de leur pénétration dans le monde musulman et l’émergence de Musulmans partisans de ces Lumières. Cette figure trouve aujourd’hui de multiples incarnations dans l’islam identitaire, dans ce qu’on appelle radicalisation, dans le fondamentalisme et dans le jihadisme.
L’au-delà du moi et la métaphore de l’écart
Authors: Abdelouahed Houria
Published: September 2017

Assimilant la mystique à un repli narcissique et à une manifestation psycho-pathologique (hystérie, psycho-se ou névrose obsessionnelle grave…) et la définissant comme le lieu de la pensée paradoxale, Guy Rosolato rate l’essentiel de la mystique. Dans cet article, l’auteure, à partir des textes de Lacan et de Michel de Certeau, montre comment la mystique (ici musulmane) ne pense la source que dans l’écart ou « la béance d’un vide » (Lacan) comme négativité incontournable dans cette inadéquation entre le soi et l’autre de soi. Loin de plaider pour le repli narcissique (comme le pense Rosolato), la mystique se fait chantre de L’Autre absolu de la division qui engendre l’impossibilité pour le sujet de se confondre avec son image. Cette dernière n’est pas enfermée dans un pur spéculaire. Et c’est sur la base de l’amour que l’Autre devient le garant de l’écart.
Lacan, le christianisme et la doctrine de la grâce
Authors: Causse Jean-Daniel
Published: September 2017

Dans sa contribution, Jean-Daniel Causse évoque d’abord les nombreuses références faites par Lacan au christianisme, l’athéisme qui est le sien, ainsi que la place notable occupée par la pensée augustinienne dans la théorie lacanienne. Il considère ensuite, à titre d’exemple, la manière dont Lacan réinterprète d’un point de vue analytique le concept de grâce comme noyau du christianisme. Se distinguant des systèmes moraux de la réciprocité et de l’accomplissement d’un bien, la doctrine de la grâce est une pensée de la démesure, de l’excès, et se révèle anormative. Lacan n’en reprend pas le contenu religieux, mais la structure fondamentale, soutenant alors la valeur d’un sujet qui n’est pas ajusté aux déterminations standards et qui s’appuie sur ce qui ne vaut que pour lui afin d’inventer les formes possibles de sa propre existence.
Le discours du religieux : parole d’évangile ?
Authors: Gillie Claire
Published: September 2017

Le discours du religieux, inspiré des mathèmes de Lacan, est proposé et s’élabore ici comme une torsion, si ce n’est l’envers ou la palinodie du « discours de l’analyste ». Proposer cette hardiesse conceptuelle permet d’engager une dialectique entre vérité de l’inconscient et vérité spirituelle. Préciser la teneur et la structure de ce discours du religieux – mettant en lien le sujet divisé avec la vérité, le savoir et l’objet cause du désir – pourrait nous conduire à mieux entendre nos patients pour lesquels la problématique religieuse vient en porte-à-faux avec le divan. Et déjouer certaines dérives du discours non de l’analyste, mais « sur » l’analyse, qui cherche à imposer une vérité épistémologique, autrement dit une « parole d’évangile » portant préjudice à l’analyse.
Sacré inconscient !
Authors: Pommier Gérard
Published: September 2017

La puissance des églises est en déclin dans la modernité. L’intégrisme est une réaction contre cette baisse d’influence de la croyance, qui s’est progressivement sécularisée depuis deux siècles. Mais cela veut-il dire que l’esprit religieux disparaît ? L’inconscient maintient une relation au sacré, et il constitue une sorte de religion privée, qui échappe aux églises.
« Je crois en Dieu qui n’existe pas »
Authors: Lalvée Brigitte
Published: September 2017

Un premier versant d’une psychanalyse consiste à voir chuter, au terme d’un épuisement des demandes de l’Autre ou faites à l’Autre, une croyance jusqu’alors inconsciente en la capacité de cet Autre à délivrer au sujet le signifiant de son être. Mais ce qui se révèle est le vide de cet Autre. Ce Dieu supposé savoir, auquel l’analyste prêtait sa personne, est le même que celui de la science, de la philosophie. La cure fait sauter ce Dieu‑bouchon. Cependant il existe un autre Dieu, celui qui parle et dont le nom est imprononçable. Si Pascal mathématicien s’autorise du premier, c’est sur le second qu’il parie, en toute incertitude. Abandonner au hasard du jeu, cependant, fût-il calculé arithmétiquement, une vie tenue pour rien, n’est pas engager le a de la jouissance perdue, seul joint effectif d’un Je avec le langage. C’est en quoi le pari de Pascal se distingue du pari analytique, pari sur l’inconsistance de l’Autre.
La place de l’enfant dans la pratique religieuse de la mère en Géorgie
Authors: Maminachvili Chalva
Published: September 2017

Après l’effondrement de l’Union soviétique comme système gigantesque des idéologies et d’une structure socioculturelle tout à fait spécifique, la vie psychique, culturelle et sociale subit en Géorgie des changements considérables au niveau de la structure de la société, au niveau des liens entre les différentes couches sociales et entre les générations. La perte de la place symbolique de chacun des individus, la coupure de la transmission culturelle entre les pères et la nouvelle génération dite « post-soviétique », la privation réelle des objets du désir, et même du besoin, ainsi que la disparition soudaine et même non désirée des idéaux soviétiques ont bien endommagé les repères symboliques de cette société qui est toujours en train de se construire et qui, dans le champ politique, répète sans cesse l’expérience traumatique de la perte et de l’effondrement de l’Union soviétique.
La psychanalyse à l’épreuve de la lalangue sourde
Authors: Renard Ursula
Published: September 2017

Le sujet sourd incarne par son silence la survoix pulsionnelle à la fois gestuelle et sonore, mais aussi la voix mimique qui témoigne de nos affects et donc de notre modalité de jouir visible sur notre corps. Il s’agit de la lalangue (Jacques Lacan) qui nous anime tous, singulièrement, jusqu’au cœur du symptôme et qui ne sert pas à la communication mais au sinthome . La clinique avec les patients sourds qui pratiquent la langue des signes, lorsqu’on est entendant, demande de faire face à cette matière que Freud ne supportait justement pas de donner à voir en face à face, plus proche du réel hors sens et d’une clinique de la jouissance.
IL-17 Signaling Triggers Degradation of the Constitutive NF-κB Inhibitor ABIN-1
Authors: Cruz J Agustin , Childs Erin E , Amatya Nilesh , Garg Abhishek V , Beyaert Rudi , Kane Lawrence P , Aneskievich Brian J , Ma Averil , Gaffen Sarah L
Published: September 2017

IL-17 activates NF-κB and induces expression of proinflammatory genes. IL-17 drives disease in autoimmune conditions, and anti–IL-17 Abs have shown impressive success in the clinic. Although produced by lymphocytes, IL-17 predominantly signals in fibroblasts and epithelial cells. IL-17–driven inflammation is kept in check by negative feedback signaling molecules, including the ubiquitin editing enzyme A20, whose gene TNFAIP3 is linked to autoimmune disease susceptibility. The A20 binding inhibitor of NF-κB activation 1 (ABIN-1) is an A20-binding protein encoded by the TNIP1 gene, which is also linked to autoimmune disease susceptibility including psoriasis. Accordingly, we hypothesized that ABIN-1 might play a role in negatively regulating IL-17 signaling activity. Indeed, ABIN-1 enhanced both tonic and IL-17–dependent NF-κB signaling in IL-17–responsive fibroblast cells. Interestingly, the inhibitory activities of ABIN-1 on IL-17 signaling were independent of A20. ABIN-1 is a known NF-κB target gene, and we found that IL-17–induced activation of NF-κB led to enhanced ABIN-1 mRNA expression and promoter activity. Surprisingly, however, the ABIN-1 protein was inducibly degraded following IL-17 signaling in a proteasome-dependent manner. Thus, ABIN-1, acting independently of A20, restricts both baseline and IL-17–induced inflammatory gene expression. We conclude that IL-17–induced signals lead to degradation of ABIN-1, thereby releasing a constitutive cellular brake on NF-κB activation.
Peripheral Deletion of CD8 T Cells Requires p38 MAPK in Cross-Presenting Dendritic Cells
Authors: Smith Trevor , Lin Xiaotian , Mello Marielle , Marquardt Kristi , Cheung Jocelyn , Lu Binfeng , Sherman Linda A. , Verdeil Grégory
Published: September 2017

Peripheral tolerance mechanisms exist to prevent autoimmune destruction by self-reactive T cells that escape thymic deletion. Dominant tolerance imposed by CD4+Foxp3+ T regulatory cells can actively control autoaggressive T cell responses. Tolerance mechanisms that act endogenous to the T cell also exist. These mechanisms include T cell inactivation (anergy) and deletion. A major difference between anergic T cells and T cells undergoing peripheral deletion is the capacity of the latter to still signal through MAPKs upon TCR stimulation, suggesting these signals may be required for T deletion. In this study, we used several different models of CD8 T cell deletion to investigate the contribution of MAPK activation. Using chemical inhibitors, we established that inhibition of p38, but not ERK or JNK, rescue T cells from undergoing peripheral deletion both in vitro and in vivo. Using T cell–specific murine lines genetically altered in expression of p38α, and mice in which p38α was deleted only in CD11c-expressing cells, we surprisingly found that CD8 T cell–intrinsic p38α activation was not responsible for increased survival, but rather that inhibition of p38α in the Ag-presenting dendritic cells prevented CD8 T cell deletion.
Monitoring C5aR2 Expression Using a Floxed tdTomato-C5aR2 Knock-In Mouse
Authors: Karsten Christian M. , Wiese Anna V. , Mey Fabian , Figge Julia , Woodruff Trent M. , Reuter Tom , Scurtu Olga , Kordowski Anna , Almeida Larissa N. , Briukhovetska Daria , Quell Katharina M. , Sun Jing , Ender Fanny , Schmudde Inken , Vollbrandt Tillman , Laumonnier Yves , Köhl Jörg
Published: September 2017

The biological significance of C5a receptor [(C5aR)2/C5L2], a seven-transmembrane receptor binding C5a and C5adesArg, remains ill-defined. Specific ligation of C5aR2 inhibits C5a-induced ERK1/2 activation, strengthening the view that C5aR2 regulates C5aR1-mediated effector functions. Although C5aR2 and C5aR1 are often coexpressed, a detailed picture of C5aR2 expression in murine cells and tissues is still lacking. To close this gap, we generated a floxed tandem dye (td)Tomato–C5aR2 knock-in mouse that we used to track C5aR2 expression in tissue-residing and circulating immune cells. We found the strongest C5aR2 expression in the brain, bone marrow, and airways. All myeloid-derived cells expressed C5aR2, although with different intensities. C5aR2 expression in blood and tissue neutrophils was strong and homogeneous. Specific ligation of C5aR2 in neutrophils from tdTomato–C5aR2 mice blocked C5a-driven ERK1/2 phosphorylation, demonstrating functionality of C5aR2 in the reporter mice. In contrast to neutrophils, we found tissue-specific differences in C5aR2 expression in eosinophils, macrophages, and dendritic cell subsets. Naive and activated T cells stained negative for C5aR2, whereas B cells from different tissues homogeneously expressed C5aR2. Also, NK cell subsets in blood and spleen strongly expressed C5aR2. Activation of C5aR2 in NK cells suppressed IL-12/IL-18–induced IFN-γ production. Intratracheal IL-33 challenge resulted in decreased C5aR2 expression in pulmonary eosinophils and monocyte-derived dendritic cells. In summary, we provide a detailed map of murine C5aR2 immune cell expression in different tissues under steady-state conditions and upon pulmonary inflammation. The C5aR2 knock-in mouse will help to reliably track and conditionally delete C5aR2 expression in experimental models of inflammation.
HVEM Imprints Memory Potential on Effector CD8 T Cells Required for Protective Mucosal Immunity
Authors: Desai Pritesh , Abboud Georges , Stanfield Jessica , Thomas Paul G. , Song Jianxun , Ware Carl F. , Croft Michael , Salek-Ardakani Shahram
Published: September 2017

Mucosal immunity to reinfection with a highly virulent virus requires the accumulation and persistence of memory CD8 T cells at the site of primary infection. These cells may derive from memory precursor effector cells (MPECs), which are distinct from short-lived effector cells that provide acute protection but are often destined to die. Using respiratory virus infection, we show that herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM; TNFRSF14), a member of the TNF receptor superfamily, provides key signals for MPEC persistence. HVEM-deficient CD8 T cells expanded normally but were skewed away from MPECs with resultant poor development of circulating and lung-resident memory cells. HVEM was selectively expressed on MPECs whereas MPECs deficient in HVEM failed to survive in adoptive transfer recipients. As a consequence, HVEM-deficient recipients failed to afford protection against respiratory reinfection with influenza virus. HVEM therefore represents a critical signal for MPECs and development of protective mucosal CD8 T cell memory.
Information in the ecosystem: Against the “information ecosystem”
Authors: Norris Timothy B. , Suomela Todd
Published: September 2017

The “information ecosystem” metaphor is widely used in academic libraries and has become nearly ubiquitous when speaking of the information systems that support scholarly communication and varied forms of data sharing and publication. The trending use of this language arises from non-academic applications — for example in big data (the Hadoop ecosystem) or software development (the node.js ecosystem) — and there remains little critical examination of the use of this metaphor. Indeed, the definition of ecosystem as the set of relations between living organisms and their surrounding non-living environment is apparently not directly a part of the metaphor. This paper first describes the emergence of ecological thinking and how it was influenced by early information science and then explores how different “ecologies” are used within the academy, including in the emergent field of information ecology. A short critique of the metaphor is then posed and the paper concludes that the information ecosystem metaphor is useful, yet at the same time there are dangerous elements that render aspects of human societies and natural ecosystems invisible.
Hashtags as online communities with social support: A study of anti-sexism-in-science hashtag movements
Authors: Golbeck Jennifer , Ash Summer , Cabrera Nicole
Published: September 2017

In the face of many cases of sexism within the sciences, scientists have turned to Twitter with hashtags to address the issue. Popular hashtags include #distractinglySexy, #iLookLikeAnEngineer, and #girlsWithToys. In this study, we set out to investigate why people were reading and using these hashtags and what impact it had on them. We administered a survey, which contained multiple choice and free response questions, to 83 people who had read or used these hashtags. We found that the hashtags ended up serving as an ad hoc online community in which participants found a space of social support. Building an improved sense of awareness was also an important reason for and outcome of participation. We examine the role of hashtags as ad hoc online communities on Twitter and the affects that they have for participants.
The impact of binge watching on memory and perceived comprehension
Authors: Horvath Jared C. , Horton Alex J. , Lodge Jason M. , Hattie John A.C.
Published: September 2017

Binge watching via video-on-demand services is now considered the new ‘normal’ way to consume television programs. In fact, recent surveys suggest upwards of 80 percent of consumers prefer and indulge in binge watching behavior. Despite this, there is no evidence regarding the impact of binge watching on the enjoyment of and memory for viewed content. In this, the first empirical and controlled study of its kind, we determined that, although binge watching leads to strong memory formation immediately following program viewing, these memories decay more rapidly than memories formed after daily- or weekly-episode viewing schedules. In addition, participants in the binge watching condition reported significantly less show enjoyment than participants in the daily- or weekly-viewing conditions — though, important considerations with regards to this finding are discussed. Although it is a preferred viewing style catered to by many internet-based on-demand distribution companies, binge watching does not appear to benefit sustained memory of viewed content and may affect show enjoyment.
Have we finally bridged the digital divide? Smart phone and Internet use patterns by race and ethnicity
Authors: Fairlie Robert W.
Published: September 2017

Two decades ago an influential article documented the alarming disparities that existed in access to computers and the Internet between African-Americans and whites (Hoffman and Novak, 1998). Using the latest U.S. Census Bureau/Bureau of Labor Statistics data on computer and Internet access, I find that the “digital divide” has not been bridged and remains as large as it was two decades ago. African-Americans and Latino-Americans are less likely to use the Internet on smart phones, computer, tablets or other devices than are whites. A statistical decomposition analysis reveals that income and education inequalities are the leading causes of the disparities in access to technology. The findings have implications for policies that subsidize broadband to low-income families.
Oferta e utilização de teleconsultorias para Atenção Primária à Saúde no Programa Telessaúde Brasil Redes
Authors: Schmitz Carlos André Aita , Harzheim Erno
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: Avaliar a adequação do Programa Telessaúde Brasil Redes, no âmbito das teleconsultorias, a partir da análise de dados de estrutura e processo da Plataforma Nacional de Telessaúde. Método: Estudo descritivo, com análise estatística de série histórica (24 meses) da produção de teleconsultoria pelos núcleos de telessaúde que utilizaram a ferramenta de outubro de 2013 a setembro de 2015. Resultados: Foram respondidas 29.575 teleconsultorias por 18 núcleos de telessaúde em todo o país, para 43.421 usuários em 9.801 unidades de saúde. Oferta e demanda mensal variaram entre 0,92 a 2,06 e 0,22 a 1,00 teleconsultorias, respectivamente. O percentual de unidades de saúde com ao menos uma solicitação/mês manteve-se próximo a 0,1%, sendo que 87,3% dos usuários cadastrados não realizou nenhuma solicitação no período. Os temas solicitados cobriram todos os capítulos da Classificação Internacional da Atenção Primária e da Classificação Internacional de Doenças. A satisfação dos usuários foi de 95,6% e o percentual de dúvidas totalmente respondidas foi 88,4%. Conclusões: Apesar da oferta adequada em relação às metas do programa, a demanda é muito baixa, gerando capacidade instalada ociosa de um grupo de teleconsultores com capacidade de resposta para um amplo leque de temas. Levanta-se a necessidade de ganho de escala, integração horizontal e fortalecimento da telerregulação e da auditoria das ações de telessaúde, com centralização de recursos e redução do número de núcleos de telessaúde. Além disso, é necessário investir em novas tipologias sinérgicas e sistêmicas de oferta de ações de telessaúde, como o apoio ao complexo regulador ambulatorial e à orientação da população.
La recuperación del espacio público y la evolución del patrimonio común: prácticas colaborativas a través de la agencia cultural / Restoring the public space and the evolution of common patrimony: collaborative practices via cultural agency
Authors: Leetoy Salvador , Zavala Scherer Diego
Published: September 2017

Resumen: Este artículo revisa el uso de prácticas creativas promovidas por agentes culturales que compiten discursivamente con la racionalidad instrumental imperante en las sociedades modernas contemporáneas. Particularmente, los casos que aquí se exploran son acciones colaborativas llevadas a cabo por dos asociaciones de la ciudad mexicana de Guadalajara: el despacho de urbanismo CUADRA y Fundación CEDAT. Se analizan, por un lado, iniciativas de intervención artística a través del grafiti como forma de creación de identidad; y por el otro, la exposición y comunicación realizada a través del documental como herramientas de reactivación y socialización de espacios públicos.
Palabras clave: agencia cultural, consumo cultural, capital social, espacio público.
Abstract: This article offers a critical route for studying creative practices challenging instrumental reason in contemporary modern societies. Particularly, this article explores a couple of cultural agency strategies undertaken by civic associations in Guadalajara, Mexico: the urban studies agency CUADRA and CEDAT Foundation.  On the one hand, a discussion is held with regard to the revitalization of collective identities through the production of collaborative graffiti paintings. On the other hand, it presents an analysis about the strategic use of video documentaries for communicating participatory civic actions and its function to restore public spaces. 
Keywords: Cultural Agency, Cultural Consumption, Social Capital, Public Space.
Orxata Sound System. Música glocal, libre, colectiva y cooperativa / Orxata Sound System. Glocal, free, collective and cooperative music
Authors: González Collantes Carla , Lacueva i Lorenz Maria
Published: September 2017

Resumen: Orxata Sound System es un colectivo musical de la comarca de l’Horta (País Valenciano) que se fundó el año 2003 y que se disolvió indefinidamente el año 2014. Su existencia ha dejado huella en la escena musical del ámbito catalanófono, no solamente por su estilo, sino también porque fueron pioneros en el uso de las nuevas tecnologías tanto para crear, producir y difundir su música como para (auto)gestionarse y comunicarse con el público de manera eminentemente horizontal. Este artículo observará la trayectoria musical de Orxata Sound System haciendo especial hincapié, por un lado, en la explotación artística que desarrollaron a partir de la hibridación de dos elementos aparentemente contradictorios: por otro lado, nos centraremos en las estrategias cooperativas en la creación musical.
Palabras clave: cultura colectiva, activismo, música catalana, Estudios Culturales, València.
 Abstract: Orxata Sound System is a musical collective from l’Horta (Valencian Country) that was founded in 2003 and was dissolved indefinitely in 2014. Its existence has marked a before and after in the Catalan musical scene, not only because of its style, but also because it was a pioneer in the use of new technologies to create, produce and distribute its music as well as (auto) manage and communicate with the public in an eminently horizontal way. This article will observe the musical trajectory of Orxata Sound System with special emphasis, on the one hand, on the artistic exploitation that developed from the hybridization of two apparently contradictory elements; on the other hand, we will focus on the cooperative strategies in musical creativity. 
Keywords: collective culture, activism, catalan music, Cultural Studies, Valencia
Una revisión histórico-política de la producción literaria puertorriqueña. Entrevista con Fernando Feliú Matilla / A historical and political review of Puertorriquean Literatura. Interview to Fernando Feliú Matilla
Authors: Basáñez Barrio Endika
Published: September 2017

Resumen: A lo largo de la siguiente entrevista, el profesor, historiador, crítico e investigador la de la Universidad de Puerto Rico, el catedrático en literatura puertorriqueña don Fernando Feliú Matilla, nos permite establecer una visión histórica de la génesis artística llevada a cabo en la Isla a través de los diferentes contextos socio-políticos que han tenido lugar en la misma desde la aparición de una literatura puertorriqueña propia y distintiva hasta la anexión de Puerto Rico a los Estados Unidos de América como Estado Libre Asociado en 1952 y su impronta en la génesis isleña. Si bien la entrevista tiene como objeto principal la literatura boricua, también se debaten en la misma el falocentrismo cultural presente en la cultura puertorriqueña, las relaciones políticas entre San Juan y Washington D.C., la influencia de los textos diaspóricos en la producción isleña o la situación del panorama artístico actual en Puerto Rico.Palabras clave: Literatura hispanoamericana; Literatura puertorriqueña; Estados Unidos; emigración; política. Abstract: Throughtout the following interview, professor Fernando Feliú Matilla, who holds a chair in Puerto Rican Studies and Literature, offers his personal point of view after years of research about Puerto Rican literature written in the 20th century. The interview is developed from a historical perspective, which means that it starts right from the moment Puerto Rico was still a Spanish colony in the Americas, until the present day, being Puerto Rico a Free Associated State of the United States of America (also known as American Commonwealth of Puerto Rico). Besides the literature, professor Feliú Matilla also gives his opinion about the absence of female writers in Puerto Rican literature, the relationships between San Juan and Washington D.C., the cultural movements that Puerto Rican literature written nowadays is influenced by, and many other different topics such as Caribbean literature written in the United States and its connection with Puerto Rican art.Keywords: Hispanic Literature; Puerto Rican Literature; USA; immigration; politics.
'Abierto por obras. Ensayos sobre poética y crisis', de Antonio Méndez Rubio
Authors: Mohedano Ruano Javier
Published: September 2017

Reseña deMéndez Rubio, Antonio (2016). Abierto por obras. Ensayos sobre poética y crisis. Madrid: Libros de la Resistencia
'De cárcel en cárcel', de Diego San José
Authors: Larraz Fernando
Published: September 2017

Reseña de San José, Diego (2016). De cárcel en cárcel. Sevilla: Renacimiento (Biblioteca de la Memoria).
Creación colectiva, cooperativismo y sinautoría cultural / Collective Creativity, Cooperativism and Cultural Withoutauthorship
Authors: Peris Blanes Jaume
Published: September 2017

Este dossier trata de reflexionar desde diversos ángulos sobre el sentido de una serie de prácticas recientes que, si bien desbordan el ámbito tradicional de lo cultural, involucran lenguajes, procedimientos y saberes asociados tradicionalmente al ámbito de la cultura y el arte, pero desplazándolos hacia formas novedosas de intervención social que cuestionan, por una parte, el estatuto cerrado y autónomo de las prácticas culturales y, por otra, sus modos de producción, distribución y gestión. En última instancia, proponen nuevas formas de entender el lugar de las prácticas culturales en la constitución de las relaciones sociales y, en ese sentido, deben ser leídas como reconfiguraciones políticas del propio estatuto de la cultura.
Se trata de prácticas de muy diversa naturaleza que permiten entrever modos de producción alternativos a las formas institucionalizadas de la creación cultural. Prácticas que, de un modo u otro, ponen el acento en la producción colectiva, en el autogobierno y en la necesidad de repensar el rol de los lenguajes culturales en relación con otras formas de lucha y construcción social. Cooperativismo, creación colectiva, sinautoría, culturas comunes… forman una constelación de estrategias que Luis Moreno-Caballud ha englobado en la lucha por una “imaginación sostenible” (2012), que necesariamente pasa por la ruptura del contrato cultural hegemónico y sus modos de producir, distribuir y experimentar la cultura. Poco avanzaríamos si no pusiéramos en relación esas prácticas con la activación contemporánea del debate social sobre los bienes comunes o el ‘procomún’, y con una reflexión profunda sobre el lugar que los procesos de producción cultural podrían tener en la construcción social de lo común. 
Por ello queremos contribuir a la reflexión sobre el lugar y el sentido cultural y político que tienen las prácticas creativas que operan conscientemente por fuera del dispositivo de ‘autor’ o que colectivizan la autoría vinculándola a grupos más o menos definidos. ¿Qué nos dice sobre la relación entre cultura y política la emergencia de poéticas, acciones, prácticas y escrituras que descartan los métodos de producción ‘de autor’ para adoptar procesos de decisión colectiva o metodologías asamblearias?, ¿qué relación mantienen estas prácticas con las demandas de participación ciudadana, de empoderamiento social y con las lógicas de los nuevos movimientos y plataformas ciudadanas?, ¿de qué modo se han transformado, en las últimas décadas, las formas de la acción cultural colectiva en relación con la transformación de los imaginarios y las formas de la imaginación política?