bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Exosomes Ameliorate Periodontitis
Authors: Yue C. , Cao J. , Wong A. , Kim J.H. , Alam S. , Luong G. , Talegaonkar S. , Schwartz Z. , Boyan B.D. , Giannobile W.V. , Sahingur S.E. , Lin Z.
Published: March 2022

Human bone marrow stromal cell (hBMSC)–derived exosomes are promising therapeutics for inflammatory diseases due to their unique microRNA (miRNA) and protein cargos. Periodontal diseases often present with chronicity and corresponding exuberant inflammation, which leads to loss of tooth support. In this study, we explored whether hBMSC exosomes can affect periodontitis progression. hBMSC exosomes were isolated from cell culture medium through sequential ultracentrifugation. miRNAs and proteins that were enriched in hBMSC exosomes were characterized by RNA sequencing and protein array, respectively. hBMSC exosomes significantly suppressed periodontal keystone pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis–triggered inflammatory response in macrophages in vitro. Transcriptomic analysis suggested that exosomes exerted their effects through regulating cell metabolism, differentiation, and inflammation resolution. In vivo, weekly exosome injection into the gingival tissues reduced the tissue destruction and immune cell infiltration in rat ligature-induced periodontitis model. Collectively, these findings suggest that hBMSC-derived exosomes can potentially be used as a host modulation agent in the management of periodontitis.
Translating the nation through the sustainable, liveable city: The role of social media intermediaries in immigrant integration in Copenhagen
Authors: Fogelman Tatiana , Christensen Julia
Published: April 2022

This article explores settled Western migrants whose digital content provides recent, mostly Western migrants in Copenhagen with local know-how and city-related information. This new type of informal integration intermediary functions as an emerging digital component of wider urban integration industries that assist migrants with settlement and social integration. We draw on the sociological theory of translation as a social, productive practice that constructs new meanings through selective interpretations and conceptualise the work of these bloggers as translation. Relying on the analysis of their blog and Instagram posts, and on interviews, this article shows how their translations of the city, and through it Danishness, play a critical role in mediating narratives of ‘becoming local’. Despite the differences between the bloggers’ respective translations (including those afforded through blogs vs Instagram) and despite criticism of a lack of inclusion of the socio-cultural differences in Denmark, these intermediaries ultimately reinforce for newcomers the expectations of the ‘green-city citizen’ and integration into Danish culture and lifestyle. We argue that what makes their translations resonate is not only that social media itself allows them to perform their having become (almost) local, but also that they carefully use their personal reflections as migrants. At the same time, the fact that their personal experiences of the city have been shaped by their positionality as white migrants feeling very welcomed, and even passing for locals, in the city curtails these bloggers’ wider potential as informal intermediaries filling a gap within Copenhagen’s urban integration industries.
Socioeconomic Differences in the Transition From Higher Education to the Labour Market: A Systematic Review
Authors: De Schepper Ayla , Clycq Noel , Kyndt Eva
Published: March 2022

The transition from higher education to the labour market is considered an important and uncertain life stage wherein young adults exchange an academic environment for an often-chaotic entry into the labour market. Specifically, for graduates with a lower socioeconomic status (SES), this transition involves several difficulties. Investigating these persisting SES differences in the transition is becoming more relevant given the increasing participation of students from lower SES backgrounds in higher education. This systematic review studies SES differences in the transition by looking through the lens of resource acquisition. The results demonstrate that graduates from lower SES backgrounds have more difficulty finding suitable employment and often experience lower job quality. Moreover, our findings show that the strong interdependence between the importance of different forms of capital and the (implicit) symbolic value attached to these capitals makes it difficult for graduates from lower SES backgrounds to overcome barriers in the transition.
Improving Knowledge, Attitudes, and Skills of Medical Clinicians and Trainees in Clinical Medical Ethics
Authors: Ali Ruthe , Piscitello Gina
Published: March 2022

Purpose: There is limited data in the medical literature evaluating knowledge, attitudes, and skill in clinical medical ethics for clinicians or medical trainees. Our study aimed to evaluate baseline clinician knowledge, attitudes, and skills regarding clinical medical ethics and to implement and evaluate a curriculum designed with the intent to improve these measures. Method: Internal medicine residents, palliative fellows, medical and pre-medical students, social workers, advanced practice providers, and chaplains were surveyed at a large urban academic center to determine their baseline knowledge, attitudes, and skills regarding clinical medical ethics (64% response rate, n = 93/145). A one-hour discussion-based curriculum on clinical medical ethics topics was implemented, followed by another survey; χ2 and McNemar tests were used to compare pre- and post-surveys to evaluate the curriculum. Results: Baseline knowledge of all respondents (n = 93) in the four principles of bioethics (54%–89%), determining an alternate decision-maker (5%–50%), decision-making capacity (14%–71%), and in-hospital cardiac arrest survival (19%–77%) significantly increased ( P < .0001) post-curriculum, as did baseline self-reported attitudes towards clinicians making medical recommendations to patients (27%–60%) and having had adequate education on code status discussions (42%–77%). Self-reported skills in determining an alternate decision-maker (40%–89%) and assessing decision-making capacity (40%–72%) also significantly increased post curriculum ( P < .01 and P < .05). Conclusion: Implementation of a curriculum in medical ethics improved baseline knowledge, attitudes and self-reported skills of medical providers and trainees in clinical medical ethics.
Third-party Compliance With State-Mandated Orthodontic Coverage for Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Care in California: An Insurance Claim Thematic Analysis
Authors: Azizollahi Ronnel , Hubacek Laura , Oberoi Snehlata , Kearns Cristin
Published: March 2022

Background

California Senate Bill 630 (SB630) enacted statutorily mandated health plan coverage for orthodontic care of patients with cleft palate and craniofacial anomalies in 2009, which was effective from July 1, 2010. In this qualitative analysis, third-party compliance with SB630 in a university-based cleft and craniofacial orthodontic program is evaluated.

Methods

Privately insured patients that experienced a coverage delay or denial of orthodontic treatment for cleft lip and palate in the University of California, San Francisco Cleft and Craniofacial Orthodontic Program between July 1, 2010 and October 28, 2020 were identified. A thematic analysis of reasons for delay or denial was conducted.

Results

Nearly three quarters of patients experienced coverage delay and/or denials. The most common reason given was that services were not covered.

Conclusions

Despite state-mandated coverage, inappropriate denials of orthodontic care for patients with cleft lip and palate by private insurers persist in California.
Postnatal Progressive Craniosynostosis in Syndromic Conditions: Two Patients With Saethre-Chotzen Due to TWIST1 Gene Deletions and Review of the Literature
Authors: Alawneh Rama J , Johnson Andrea L , Hoover-Fong Julie Elizabeth , Jackson Eric M , Steinberg Jordan P , MacCarrick Gretchen
Published: March 2022

Saethre-Chotzen syndrome (SCS) is a known craniosynostosis syndrome with a variable presentation of craniofacial and somatic involvement. Congenital coronal craniosynostosis is most commonly observed in SCS; however, progressive postnatal craniosynostosis of other sutures has been reported. The authors present 2 infants with progressive postnatal craniosynostosis and SCS caused by chromosome 7p deletions including the TWIST1 gene. The evolution of their clinical features and a literature review of patients with syndromic, postnatal progressive craniosynostosis illustrate the importance of longitudinal observation and management of these patients.
Systemic Advocacy for BIPOC LGBTQIA + Clients and Their Families
Authors: Parker-Barnes Lucy , McKillip Noel , Powell Carolyn
Published: March 2022

Systemic advocacy involves various aspects, such as inclusive leadership and clinical practice. The Socially Just and Culturally Responsive Counseling Leadership Model (SJCRCLM) will be described as a way for counselors to continue to help BIPOC LGBTQIA + individuals and families. This model has been used to discuss professional advocacy, but less to discuss client advocacy in practice. Ways to apply the SJCRCLM to BIPOC and LGBTQIA + clients, families, and communities, will be included. Understanding the advocacy needs of clients who intersect among the BIPOC and LGBTQIA + communities is crucial.
Highlighting Incivility: How the News Media’s Focus on Political Incivility Affects Political Trust and News Credibility
Authors: Goovaerts Ine
Published: March 2022

Previous research showed that political trust declines when politicians debate in uncivil ways. This article extends this research by analyzing how the news media’s tendency to focus on and even overstate incivility in post-debate coverage affects political trust and the news media’s own credibility. The results of two preregistered survey experiments show that politicians’ use of incivility decreases their perceived trustworthiness. The effects of incivility-focused news coverage on politicians’ perceived trustworthiness are more mixed with one experiment revealing a negative effect and one revealing no significant effect. Both experiments furthermore show that incivility-focused coverage decreases the news media’s own credibility.
Pediatric Acute Liver Failure: A Clinicopathological Perspective
Authors: Putra Juan , Ng Vicky L. , Perez-Atayde Antonio R.
Published: March 2022

Pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) is a life-threatening disorder characterized by acute hepatocellular injury occurring in children without recognized underlying liver disease. The clinicopathologic evaluation of PALF requires a different approach from that in adults. The diagnostic considerations differ depending on the age, personal and family history, geographical region, and clinical presentation. Distinct entities such as gestational alloimmune liver disease, herpes simplex virus infection, and metabolic disorders should be considered in neonates with acute liver failure, while acetaminophen toxicity and autoimmune hepatitis are more frequently seen in older children and adolescents. An identified cause for PALF despite a negative complete evaluation (indeterminate) is lacking in 30 to 50% of cases. Although not routinely performed in the setting of PALF, liver biopsy may be helpful in assessing the etiology, potential mechanisms of injury, determining the appropriateness of liver transplantation, and prognostication of the patients. In this article, we review the clinicopathologic characteristics of PALF with an emphasis on general approach of pathologic evaluation and histopathologic characteristic of selected entities.
Modeling dipolar excitation for quadrupole mass filter
Authors: Konenkov AN , Konenkov NV , Sysoev AA
Published: March 2022

The results of modeling AC and DC dipole excitation of ion oscillations in a quadrupole mass filter are presented. The simulation is done by numerical integration of the ion motion equations, ions’ initial coordinates and velocities are distributed normally. For AC dipole excitation the instability bands on the ( a, q) stability diagram follow along the isolines [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], creating regular dips on the transmission contour. We show that AC excitation at frequency Ω/2 makes it possible to control the resolution of the mass filter by either changing the AC amplitude or phase. Instability bands can be used for mass selective excitation in a linear ion trap. Options for the joint use of DC and AC dipole excitation to form the mass peak shape are considered.
Immediate Repair With a Self-Gripping Retromuscular Mesh for Abdominal Wall Defect Following Tumor Resection
Authors: Wang Dianchen , Zheng Shouhua , Qiu Xinguang , Fu Yang
Published: March 2022

Background: Prosthetic repair is always employed after large abdominal wall tumor resection, while chronic pain is one of the mesh-related complications after traumatic fixation. The objective of this research was to evaluate the outcomes of retromuscular repair with self-gripping mesh after abdominal wall tumor resection.

Methods: The study was a monocentric retrospective analysis following STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statements of all patients with abdominal wall tumor >5 cm in diameter undergoing tumor excision and retromuscular repair with self-gripping mesh. Demographic, operative, early postoperative, and follow-up data were noted. Visual Analog Scale, ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (very severe pain), was used to estimate the wound pain.

Results: 24 patients were included in this study, and the defect following tumor resection was 26.9±10.0 cm2. There was no tumor recurrence or incisional hernia in median follow-up of 20 months, and the mean VAS score was 0.4. Three had foreign body feeling and no one suffered chronic pain.

Conclusions: Immediate repair with a self-gripping retromuscular mesh can be considered as an effective way to treat an abdominal wall defect after resecting an abdominal wall tumor.
Maternal and neonatal complications during delivery according to passive versus active second stage in woman with medical conditions (ComPActSS)
Authors: Gagnon Élisabeth , Côté Anne-Marie , Roy-Lacroix Marie-Ève , Massé Édith , Malick Mandy , Sauvé Nadine
Published: March 2022

Background

The incidence of serious complications during vaginal delivery with a passive second stage in women with medical conditions is unknown.

Methods

Our retrospective cohort study with matched groups (pairing 1 passive with 2 active second stage) included women who had a medical delivery plan from the high risk obstetric team at our center. The primary outcome was a composite of major maternal and neonatal complications.

Results

The primary outcome occurred in 50% (12/24) of women in the passive group versus 35.4% (17/48) ( p = 0.24) in the active group. In the passive group, we observed a longer passive second stage of labor (28 vs. 8 min, p < 0.001), a tendency towards more assisted vaginal births (29.2% vs. 12.5%, p = 0.08), and more traumatic deliveries (16.7% vs. 0%, p = 0.012).

Conclusion

The higher proportion of complications in women who had a passive second stage should encourage physicians to make this recommendation only in selected cases.
Observation of reactive shear layer modulation associated with high-frequency transverse thermoacoustic oscillations in a gas turbine reheat combustor experiment
Authors: McClure Jonathan , Berger Frederik M. , Bertsch Michael , Schuermans Bruno , Sattelmayer Thomas
Published: March 2022

This paper presents the investigation of high-frequency thermoacoustic oscillations and associated flame dynamics in an experimental gas turbine reheat combustor at atmospheric pressure. Examination of dynamic pressure measurements reveals bursts of high-frequency periodic oscillations which appear randomly amidst stochastic fluctuations in the reheat combustor. Analysis of the flame dynamics during these bursts of periodic behaviour reveals that increased heat release in the reactive shear layers of the reheat flame is associated with greater thermoacoustic driving potential. This redistribution of heat release is likely due to the stochastic nature of auto-ignition kernel formation. To determine the underlying flame-acoustic coupling mechanism behind the driving potential, phase-resolved flame dynamics over the acoustic cycle are investigated which reveal the presence of an oscillatory heat release pattern associated with the first transverse eigenmode. An in-phase interaction between the acoustic field and these heat release oscillations in the shear layer regions indicates that this phenomenon likely constitutes a thermoacoustic driving mechanism. This is an important step towards the development of models for high-frequency thermoacoustic driving mechanisms relevant to reheat combustion systems, which will allow accurate prediction and mitigation of thermoacoustic instabilities in future designs.
Defence cooperation in artificial intelligence: Bridging the transatlantic gap for a stronger Europe
Authors: Hunter Christie Edward
Published: March 2022

This article provides a brief overview of European and transatlantic defence cooperation in the area of artificial intelligence. As states race forward to achieve superiority in artificial intelligence, including its military applications, NATO allies and partner nations on both sides of the Atlantic have a strong incentive to cooperate closely and ensure the collective West can maintain its technological edge. However, large gaps remain between the US and the EU on certain key indicators. To ensure greater European performance and relevance, it is desirable to focus on two strategic priorities: investment volumes, both public and private, which need to be significantly increased; and the full use of collaborative mechanisms involving the US.
Peace in the ground: How land degradation in the Sahel impacts Europe and what the EU can do about it
Authors: Wahlstedt Eero , Mikkola Joona
Published: March 2022

The deterioration of security and humanitarian conditions in the Sahel region has widely acknowledged implications for the EU, and the strategic importance of tackling them has been established in EU strategies. Local land degradation sits at a nexus of the many challenges as it is a driver of poverty, famine, conflict, migration, poor governance, loss of biodiversity and climate change. A local framing of the issues makes it possible to identify the actions that can address them. The vast number of people engaged in land-based livelihoods offers the potential to halt and even reverse degradation. The main limiting factor for this is the lack of targeted financing. The EU can be a leader in this process through (1) integrating ecosystem health into existing programming; (2) designing new projects targeting sustainable land use; (3) supporting the development of monitoring systems that enable funding, including from carbon markets; and (4) lowering administrative barriers to partnerships.
Antioxidant and Protective Effect of Acetone Extract of Entada phaseoloides Leaves on UVB-Irradiated Human Epidermal Keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) by Inhibiting COX-2, iNOS, and Caspase-3 Activation
Authors: Mittraphab Yanisa , Nagata Maki , Matsumoto Masako , Shimizu Kuniyoshi
Published: March 2022

Chronic ultraviolet (UV) exposure produces oxidative stress, molecular damage, and aging-related signal transduction, all of which contribute to skin photoaging. In this study, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Entada phaseoloides are reported. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) detected 7 phenolic compounds: gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, and apigenin. We investigated the antioxidant and protective effect of the acetone extract of E. phaseoloides leaves (AEP) on UVB-irradiated human epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaT cells). AEP showed antioxidant activity in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assays. AEP at a concentration of 40 μg/mL increased cell survival rate of the UVB-damaged cells. Moreover, AEP blocked gene expression of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in UVB-induced HaCaT cells and decreased UVB-induced apoptosis in HaCaT cells by regulating the gene expression of caspase-3. These results suggest that AEP has the potential to protect against UVB irradiation and antioxidant.
Leading During a Pandemic: A School Nurse Administrator Roundtable
Authors: Galemore Cynthia A. , Marion Sarah , Moran Fossile Karen , O’Toole Sara , Ragan Kim , Robertson Barbara
Published: March 2022

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has been taxing to healthcare workers, no less for those serving on the front lines in schools. From initial school closures and online learning to gradual reopening with hybrid learning models, to full in-person learning, school nurse administrators provided guidance in collaboration with public health officials, based on evolving information. Infection control was at the forefront, while government and scientists partnered to quickly develop effective vaccines. Technology provided new virtual platforms for learning, conducting meetings, and socialization, while also being widely used to deliver information, misinformation, and disinformation. Challenges have been numerous, but school nurse administrators and school nurses in general, with a commitment to the health and safety of their populations, continue to adapt to the ever-changing demands. The journal’s Editorial Advisory Board interviewed five school nurse administrators, representative of diverse geographic locations, school population size, and employer models, to capture their reflections on school health leadership during the COVID-19 pandemic. History is deserving of their stories.
Cardiovascular-specific mortality among multiple myeloma patients: a population-based study
Authors: Yin Xuejiao , Fan Fengjuan , Zhang Bo , Hu Yu , Sun Chunyan
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

Multiple myeloma (MM) survival has greatly improved in recent decades. MM is usually diagnosed at a median age of 66–70 years. MM patients do not necessarily die from primary cancer, so cardiovascular health may be a key factor threatening long-term survival. This study was designed to explore the cardiovascular disease mortality (CVM) trends in MM patients and compare them with those in the general population.

Methods:

In total, 88,328 MM patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (1975–2016) were included. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were used to assess CVM risk.

Results:

The CVM risk was significantly higher in MM patients than in the general population (SMR, 1.84 (95% CI, 1.78–1.89)). MM patients had the highest CVM SMR, at 2.62 (95% CI, 2.49–2.75), in the first year after diagnosis, and it decreased over the follow-up period. Over the study period, the incidence of CVM continued to decrease in MM patients diagnosed at age 65–74 (APC, −1.2% (95% CI, −1.9% to −0.4%)) and ⩾75 years (APC, −1.9% (95% CI, −2.6% to −1.2%)) but not younger. CVM was the second-most common cause of death in patients ⩾75 years. In only MM case analyses, male sex, Black race, older age at diagnosis, and earlier year of diagnosis were poor prognostic factors for heart-specific mortality.

Conclusion:

The CVM risk in MM patients was significantly higher than that in the general population. To improve survival, cardiovascular health should receive attention upon diagnosis.
Exploring possible risk factors for time to first fall and 6-month fall incidence in persons with acute stroke
Authors: Sjöholm Hanna , Hägg Staffan , Nyberg Lars , Lind Jonas , Kammerlind Ann-Sofi
Published: March 2022

Objectives:

The aim was to explore how the time to the first fall and 6-month fall incidence relates to rapidly and easily collected data in persons with acute stroke.

Methods:

Out of consecutively admitted patients with stroke at three stroke units, 284 with at least one follow-up were included in this prospective cohort study. During 6 months following discharge, participants reported falls using a diary and monthly phone calls. Data about participants’ characteristics, functions, and activities were collected during hospital stay and analyzed in relation to time to first fall by Cox regression and fall incidence by negative binomial regression.

Results:

Use of ⩾9 medications, paresis in arms, paresis in legs (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale), impaired protective reactions in sitting (Postural Reactions Test), and limitations in self-care (Barthel Index) were decisive risk factors for time to first fall. Limitations in mobility (Step Test, 30-s Chair Stand Test) were decisive risk factors for high fall incidence (p < 0.0005).

Conclusion:

Several easily collected participant characteristics, functions, and activities were identified as risk factors for falls. The findings emphasize the width of assessments that can be used for the identification of individuals at risk for falls and that the risk factors vary in different strata of the population. These results are important when developing multivariate risk models. The risk factors differed in part when analyzing the time to the first fall and 6-month fall incidence.
Pathways Linking Media Use to Wellbeing during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mediated Moderation Study
Authors: Gong Jiankun , Firdaus Amira , Said Fareyha , Ali Aksar Iffat , Danaee Mahmoud , Xu Jinghong
Published: March 2022

During prolonged social isolation, media exposure is often intensified increases as individuals turn to the Internet, social media, television, and newspapers for information, communication, entertainment, and more. This exploratory study explores the correlations among media use, anxiety, and wellbeing in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. A survey questionnaire was designed to measure the following five constructs: media dependency, media attention, anxiety, wellbeing, and collectivism. A total of 722 respondents in China participated in the survey from November 2020 to December 2020. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data. Our findings indicate that respondents who report collectivist norms tend to experience higher levels of wellbeing (and lower levels of anxiety), regardless of their scores for media use, media attention, or media dependency. Conversely, those respondents who record low collectivism tend to have higher levels of anxiety (and lower wellbeing), even if they report lower media use, attention and dependency during the pandemic. Study results also found that anxiety mediates the relationship between media use and wellbeing. Our introduction of collectivism as a possible moderating variable represents a significant contribution to current academic debates and suggests the inclusion of cultural factors for future studies on media use and anxiety/wellbeing during public health crises.
Fast Food Intake, Emotional and Behavioral Problems among Adolescents with Overweight and Obese Problems Participating in MyBFF@school Intervention Program
Authors: Ishak Zahari , Fin Low Suet , Wan Ibrahim Wan Abdul Hakim , Md. Zain Fuziah , Yahya Abqariyah , Selamat Rusidah , Jalaludin Muhammad Yazid , Mokhtar Abdul Halim
Published: March 2022

The prevalence of fast food consumption and childhood obesity has increased rapidly. This study aimed to assess the association between the frequency of fast food consumption in the past week with emotional and behavioral problems of 624 adolescents with overweight and obese problems (mean age = 14.6). Frequency of fast food consumption was assessed through a pre-tested nutritional knowledge, attitude, and practice questionnaire. Meanwhile, the Youth Self-Report questionnaire was used to measure emotional and behavioral problems. Multiple linear regression was used to measure the strength of relationships. The strongest and significant positive correlation was reported between frequency of fast food consumption in the past week and aggressive behavior ( r = .65, p < .001). Weak but significant positive correlations were demonstrated between frequency of fast food intake in the past week with somatic complaints ( r = .328, p < .001) and attention problems ( r = .356, p < .001). Therefore, adolescents with obese and overweight problems and their parents should be instilled awareness about the association between fast food consumption and emotional and behavioral problems to achieve their psychological well-being.
Bibliometric and Visualized Analysis of User Experience Design Research: From 1999 to 2019
Authors: Li Rui , Zhang Hong , Liu Chenguang , Qian Zhenyu Cheryl , Zhang Linghao
Published: March 2022

With increasing research attention to user experience (UX), UX design (UXD) has gained concomitant interest. This study systematically reviews UXD research using a bibliometrical knowledge map. We collected and reviewed 14,825 documents to analyze UXD research from five perspectives: keyword trends, reference co-citation, author co-citation, categories, and author institutes. (a) UXD, as a research term, broadens the boundaries of experience and design and brings them together. (b) Publications in UXD focus on user, business, and technology orientation. (c) Author co-citation analysis reveals “invisible college networks” among UXD scholars. (d) Computer Science and Engineering are the most significant majors in UXD, although interdisciplinary research is common. (e) Research from the United States dominates. This review recognizes research gaps and future trends for conceptualizing and assessing UXD skills. The findings can benefit researchers, curriculum designers, and instructors.
Risk of femoral tunnel collision in combined and independent anterolateral and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with outside-in femoral drilling
Authors: Stordeur Alban , Grange Sylvain , Farizon Frederic , Servien Elvire , Philippot Remi , Neri Thomas
Published: March 2022

Objectives:

In combined ACL and anterolateral ligament (ALL) reconstruction with outside-in femoral drilling, there is a risk of femoral tunnel collision. The objective was to determine the optimal combination of ACL and ALL femoral tunnel orientation to minimize the risk of collision.

Methods:

Forty patients with isolated ACLR with inside-out femoral drilling were included. For each patient, a postoperative MRI of the femur was reconstructed in 3D. An ALL tunnel was modeled virtually with a pair of coronal and axial angles varying from 0° to 40°. The minimum distance to the existing ACL tunnel was measured for each pair of angles. For each patient, based on the optimal ALL orientation identified, a correlation between the ACL angle in relation to the axial plane and the distance between the ACL and the ALL tunnel was established.

Results:

The lowest collision rate between the ACL and ALL tunnels was measured at 0% with a 0° coronal and 40° anterior axial ALL fixation angle. In order to avoid the risk of femoral trochlea breaking when the ALL femoral tunnel is being created, it should not exceed 30 mm in length. In this context, the risk of trochlea breaking by the guide pin was evaluated at 42%. The closer the orientation of the ACL tunnel to the axis of the femoral shaft, the greater the distance to the ALL tunnel, which decreases the risk of collision of the 2 tunnels. A fixation system without guide wire should be used if trochlear breaking of the ALL guide pin is to be avoided.

Conclusion:

In a combined inside-out ACL and ALL reconstruction, we recommend creating the ALL tunnel with a 0° coronal and 40° axial fixation angle and the ACL tunnel with the orientation closest to the axis of the femoral shaft.
Long-term results of arthroscopic Bankart repair with remplissage
Authors: Brejuin Alexis , Girard Mathieu , Dauzere Florence , Baron Thomas , Mansat Pierre , Bonnevialle Nicolas
Published: March 2022

Objectives:

Arthroscopic Bankart repair with Hill-Sachs remplissage (BHSR) is suggested to treat anterior shoulder instability when there is an engaging humeral lesion. The objective of this study was to report the long-term clinical and radiological results of this procedure.

Methods:

This is a retrospective monocentric study including patients who underwent surgery for anterior shoulder instability by BHSR, seen again within a minimum of 5 years. 70% of the 51 patients (mean age 26 years; 16 - 49; ± 8.453 years) practiced sports. The mean ISIS score was 3.306 (0 - 7; ± 1.798). At the last follow-up, active range of motion, Subjective Shoulder Value (SSV), and Walch-Duplay and Rowe scores were measured. A radiographic assessment enabled the evaluation of arthrosis according to Samilson’s classification.

Results:

At a mean clinical follow-up of 86.8 months (60.0 - 123.9 ± 17.0 months), 83% of the patients had resumed sports activities. The mean Rowe, Walch-Duplay and SSV scores were 88.8 points (51-100; ± 12.4), 82.6 points (50 - 100; ± 16.4) and 87.9% (50 - 100, ± 8.5), respectively. 8 patients (15.6%) had a recurrence of dislocation or incomplete dislocation. In univariate analysis, patients who were stable at the last follow-up had a significant mean decrease in external rotation in adduction of 7° (p = 0.02) and in abduction of 6° RE2 (p = 0.006), a shallower Hill-Sachs (18% vs 25% of the humeral head diameter; p = 0.04), and were older (27 vs 19 years, p = 0.04). Radiographically, 84% of the patients had no osteoarthritis progression, while 13% had grade I osteoarthritis progression.

Conclusion:

BHSR allows resumption of sports activity in the majority of cases, with minor limitation of external rotation. However, the high failure rate in more than 5 years suggests that this procedure should be proposed with caution in case of a deep Hill-Sachs in young subjects.
Complete traumatic rotator cuff tears in children and adolescents: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Manoukov Yvan , Grimberg Jean , Le Hanneur Malo , Kany Jean
Published: March 2022

Objectives:

Complete rotator cuff tears in adolescents that require surgery are exceptional. The purpose of this work was to analyze the medium- and long-term results in adolescents who underwent arthroscopic or open repair of a complete rotator cuff tear.

Methods:

All surgeons who are members of the French Shoulder and Elbow Society (SOFEC) and the French Arthroscopy Society (SFA) were contacted. They were sent an electronic questionnaire asking whether they had had to surgically treat a traumatic complete rotator cuff tear in a child or adolescent. Of 233 surgeons, 90 responded to the questionnaire. Only 15 had actually had the opportunity to address one or more cases. Surgeons who responded positively to the questionnaire were contacted to retrieve complete medical data on their patient(s).

Results:

Nineteen records were reviewed. The mean age at the time of surgery was 14.7 years (12-17). A frequent injury mechanism was glenohumeral dislocation during contact sports (n = 7/19). The subscapularis muscle was involved in 100% of the cases. In 31% of the cases, the injury also involved the supraspinatus and/or infraspinatus. Open (n = 6/19) or arthroscopic (n = 13/19) surgery was performed. At a mean follow-up of 47 months (24 months - 18 years), 79% had resumed sports at the previous level. Two patients had a neurological complication, one of whom required a nerve graft surgery. In 14% of the cases, pseudarthrosis of the lesser tuberosity occurred, and the surgical revision did not affect the final result. Only one patient had recurrent anterior instability requiring a bone block surgery seven years after the initial surgery.

Conclusion:

Complete rotator cuff tears are exceptional in adolescents. Injuries are mainly in the subscapularis. Reinsertion, even if it is late, ideally performed by arthroscopy, provides good results with resumption of sports at the previous level in 79% of the cases
Readdressing Cancer Patient Concerns and the Role of Health Communication Amid the 2 COVID-19 Waves—A Perspective
Authors: Kumar Divyesh , Dey Treshita
Published: March 2022

During the period (2019-2021), the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread rapidly and caused massive mortality worldwide. Patients with decreased immunity such as cancer patients remained at a high risk of getting an infection because of compromised immunity. Also, as per literature, advanced age and comorbidities further added to the risk of getting the COVID-19 infection in patients undergoing radiation/chemotherapy. The very thoughts of disease progression and treatment delays, which were among the major patient concerns during this period, lead to an environment of fear among cancer patients and their caregivers. To combat it, besides amendments in treatment policies, effective communication with patients and their caregivers was essential. The article thus aims to overview the various concerns of the patients and highlight the potential role that health-related communication played during the 2 phases of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Examining neighborhood effects on residents’ daily activities in central Shanghai, China: Integrating “big data” and “thick data”
Authors: He Shenjing , Li Chenxi , Xiao Yang , Liu Qiyang
Published: March 2022

This research combines “big data” and “thick data” approaches to examine the correlation and causation between residential neighborhood features and people’s daily commuting and traveling patterns by integrating two datasets: household survey data and mobile phone data. We focus on “lilong” neighborhoods—a primary form of traditional residential neighborhood in central Shanghai. The characteristics of lilong neighborhoods are assessed using “thick data” from surveys in 105 lilongs, while residents’ daily activities are mapped out using “big data” from two weeks of mobile phone usage. We match these two datasets at neighborhood level based on their geospatial references. Four multinomial logistic regression models are developed to examine neighborhood effects on lilong residents’ daily activities. Our research confirms the major mechanisms of neighborhood effects and unravels their relative importance in shaping the patterns of residents’ daily activities. Conceptually, this study sheds new light on the understanding of how people’s life quality and wellbeing are affected by neighborhood characteristics through highlighting the importance of social interactions and the access to/quality of public facilities. Methodologically, incorporating household survey data (thick data) and mobile phone data (big data) is proven to be a novel and effective approach for examining neighborhood effects at a relatively large scale.
Biomechanical Comparison of Krackow Repair and Percutaneous Achilles Repair System for Achilles Tendon Rupture Fixation: A Cadaveric and Finite Element Analysis Study
Authors: Macaluso Bonnie , Hassan Chaudhry R. , Swanson David R. , Nazemi Alireza , Zaverukha Eugene , Paulus Megan , Qin Yi-Xian , Komatsu David E.
Published: March 2022

Background:

Open and percutaneous repair surgeries are widely used for the Achilles tendon rupture. However, prior biomechanic studies of these 2 approaches have mixed conclusions; therefore, we designed a cadaver and finite element (FE) model biomechanical study to compare the mechanical differences between the percutaneous Achilles repair system (PARS) and Krackow open repair under tensile load and rotation.

Methods:

Sixteen Achilles tendons were extracted from fresh-frozen cadaver ankles and the calcaneums were fixed in mortar. A force control dynamic tensile mechanical test was performed at 1 Hz with 30- and 100-N cyclic loads. Initial intact baseline testing was followed by an incision on all Achilles tendons, 4 cm from the calcaneus insertion, which were then repaired using the PARS (n = 8) or Krackow (n = 8) method. Recorded force-displacement values were used to calculate mechanical parameters, and statistical significance of differences was determined by unpaired (between repair techniques) and paired (intact vs repaired) t tests. Material properties of the Achilles tendon in the FE model were modified and a 10-Nm flexion was simulated for intact and surgical groups.

Results:

No differences were found between intact tendons assigned to PARS or Krackow repairs in Young’s modulus ( P = .582) and stiffness ( P = .323). Pre- and postoperative Young’s modulus was significantly decreased for both groups (Intact 230.60±100.76 MPa vs PARS 142.44±37.37 MPa, P < .012; Intact 207.46±81.12 MPa vs Krackow109.43±27.63 MPa, P < .002). Stiffness decreased significantly after surgery for both groups (Intact 25.33±10.89 N/mm vs PARS 6.51±1.68 N/mm, P < .003; Intact 20.30±8.65 N/mm vs Krackow 5.97±1.30 N/mm, P < .003). PARS ultimate tensile strength was significantly higher than the Krackow (PARS 280.29±47.32 N vs Krackow 196.97±54.28 N, P < .003) but not significantly different in the ultimate tensile strain. PARS had a significantly lower postoperative gap compared to Krackow (PARS 9.75±5.87 mm vs Krackow 25.19±7.72 mm, P < .001). FE analysis predicted an increased talocalcaneal contact pressure, maximum principal stress, and rotation in the Krackow vs PARS models, respectively.

Conclusion:

Biomechanical parameters observed in this study through mechanical testing and FE analysis favor the selection of PARS over the Krackow repair based on better strength, higher failure force, and lower gap generation. Clinical Relevance: The study has analyzed two Achilles tendon repair methods using cadaver and numerical estimation and may help clinicians gain insight into selection of tendon repair approaches to generate better clinical outcomes.
Isolated Oculomotor Nuclear Infarction: A Rare Clinical Scenario
Authors: Mathew Jomal
Published: March 2022

Selective infarction of the oculomotor nuclear complex without accompanying long tract involvement is an exceedingly rare event with distinctive clinical features. The complicated topographical distribution of the various nuclei within the complex can result in diverse clinical presentation.
Evaluation of predictor factors of psychological distress in women with unexplained infertility
Authors: Noël Ingrid , Dodin Sylvie , Dufour Stéphanie , Bergeron Marie-Ève , Lefebvre Jessica , Maheux-Lacroix Sarah
Published: March 2022

Objective:

The objective of this study was to establish the frequency of anxiety and depressive symptoms among women diagnosed with unexplained infertility and to identify risk factors.

Methods:

We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study. Forty-two women from the CHU de Quebec fertility clinic were recruited. Women completed the ‘Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale’ (HADS) self-administered questionnaire, used to estimate prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms (score ≥ 8).

Results:

Overall, 55% ( n = 23) of participants were identified with anxiety or depressive symptoms according to the HADS questionnaire. Anxiety symptoms were more frequent (55%) compared with depressive symptoms (10%). According to a logistic regression model, being under 35 years old [odds ratio (OR) = 16.6, confidence interval (CI): 1.9–25.0], never had a previous spontaneous abortion (OR = 5.6, CI: 1.1–43.5) and never sought fertility treatment (OR = 5.5, CI: 1.1–45.4) were associated with a higher risk of anxiety and depressive symptoms.

Conclusion:

Anxiety and depressive symptoms are common among women with unexplained infertility, and strategies should be developed to better support and treat this high-risk population.
Tennantite-(Cu), Cu12As4S13, from Layo, Arequipa Department, Peru: a new addition to the tetrahedrite-group minerals
Authors: Biagioni Cristian , Sejkora Jiří , Moëlo Yves , Marcoux Eric , Mauro Daniela , Dolníček Zdeněk
Published: March 2022

Tennantite-(Cu), Cu12As4S13, was approved as a new mineral species from the Layo epithermal deposit, Castilla Province, Arequipa Department, Peru, where it occurs as black metallic anhedral grains, up to 0.1 mm across, replacing enargite and associated with chalcopyrite and vinciennite. In reflected light, tennantite-(Cu) is isotropic, grey with a bluish shade. Reflectance data for the four COM wavelengths in air are [λ (nm): R (%)]: 470: 29.1; 546: 28.4; 589: 27.4; and 650: 25.0. Electron microprobe analysis for holotype material gave (in wt.% – average of 10 spot analyses): Cu 49.32(27), Fe 2.20(12), Zn 0.09(2), Sn 0.03(5), As 19.45(43), Sb 1.94(10), Te 0.02(5), S 27.75(43), total 100.80(20). On the basis of (As + Sb + Te) = 4 atoms per formula unit (apfu), the empirical formula of tennantite-(Cu) is (Cu11.27Fe0.57Zn0.02)Σ11.86(As3.77Sb0.23)Σ4.00S12.57. Tennantite-(Cu) is cubic, I$\overline 4$3m, with unit-cell parameters a = 10.1710(10) Å, V = 1052.2(2) Å3 and Z = 2. Its crystal structure was refined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction data to a final R1 = 0.0178 on the basis of 263 unique reflections with Fo > 4σ(Fo) and 24 refined parameters. Tennantite-(Cu) is isotypic with other tetrahedrite-group minerals. Previous findings of tennantite-(Cu) are reported and some nomenclature issues, related to the Fe and Cu oxidation states, are discussed. At the Layo epithermal deposit, tennantite-(Cu) is the result of the replacement of enargite under decreasing $f_{{\rm S}_ 2}$ conditions.
Factors associated with physical activity reduction in Swedish older adults during the first COVID-19 outbreak: a longitudinal population-based study
Authors: Sjöberg Linnea , Triolo Federico , Saadeh Marguerita , Dekhtyar Serhiy , Calderón-Larrañaga Amaia , Welmer Anna-Karin
Published: April 2022

Background

Physical activity (PA) decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially among older adults, potentially leading to adverse consequences for their health. However, factors associated with reductions of PA during the pandemic have not been examined in a population-based sample of older adults. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the association of pre-pandemic physical, mental, social and lifestyle factors with reductions in PA in older adults during the first wave of COVID-19, and whether the associations differed by age and sex.

Methods

A population-based sample of 624 participants aged 65-99 years were identified from the Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K) COVID19 Study. Information on pre-pandemic factors was collected through clinical examinations, interviews, and self-administered questionnaires in 2016-2019. Changes in light and intense PA during the first wave of the pandemic (May-September 2020) were self-reported. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression models, stratified by age (<70 vs. >80 years) and sex.

Results

There was an association between pre-pandemic levels of higher depressive symptom burden (Odds Ratio (OR): 2.6, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.1-6.4, <70 years), and impaired balance (OR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.0-2.8, >80 years old) with reductions in light-intensity PA. Furthermore, the presence of musculoskeletal disease (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.1-2.9, <70 years; OR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.2-4.4, men), moderate/high levels of neuroticism (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.0-2.6, <70 years; OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.3-3.5, women), and poor levels of social support (OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.2-4.3, >80 years) were related to reductions in higher-intensity PA. Those who were current smokers (OR: 0.3, 95% CI: 0.1-0.8, <70 years; OR: 0.2, 95% CI: 0.06-0.7, women), or had impaired balance (OR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2-0.8, >80 years) were less likely to reduce their levels of higher-intensity PA.

Conclusions

For future pandemics or waves of COVID-19, development of strategies is warranted for older individuals with psychiatric- or physical illness/dysfunction, as well as those with poor social support to counteract reductions in physical activities.