bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fusões e incorporações: estudo dos dados financeiros de uma cooperativa de crédito após processo de aglutinação
Authors: Ribeiro Jaciara Xavier Pereira
Published: July 2020

O estudo tem como tema central as Fusões e Incorporações nas Cooperativas de Crédito, no qual foi analisado os dados financeiros após processo de aglutinação.  Trata-se de um artigo teórico empírico. O objetivo geral deste artigo é de analisar os dados econômicos financeiros e de crédito de uma Cooperativa de Crédito Incorporadora, após processo de aglutinação. Na metodologia foram descritos os procedimentos metodológicos a serem utilizados, as unidades de análise e de observação, apresentação e análise dos resultados e estratégias/ações adotadas pela Cooperativa Incorporadora após processo. Os meios de investigação foram através de pesquisa documental e de caráter bibliográfica, conceituando termos relacionados ao Cooperativismo, com foco no Ramo de Crédito, Fusões e Incorporações. A unidade de análise foi uma Cooperativa de Crédito. A unidade de observação desta investigação foram os Relatórios Consolidados de Apuração de Resultados, Indicadores de e Ranking Financeiro do SICOOB CREDIMINAS, com base no período setembro/2010 e junho /2011. O objetivo geral foi alcançado, constatando que o processo a Incorporação proporcionou desenvolvimento financeiro e de crédito para a Cooperativa Incorporadora.
Instrumentos de acesso à justiça: releitura a partir da teoria dos jogos
Authors: Gonçalves Jéssica
Published: July 2020

O presente trabalho busca estudar que no contexto Jurídico Brasileiro, os cidadãos, ao submeterem preferencialmente os seus conflitos aos Tribunais, acarretam a criação de um paradigma, consistente na confusão cultural entre o acesso à justiça e a tutela jurisdicional. Ocorre que a formação desse paradigma fomenta a judicialização das demandas, as quais contribuem à manutenção das crises de litigiosidade e morosidade presentes no Poder Judiciário. A partir disso, reflete-se sobre o tema dos instrumentos Brasileiros na estabilização das controvérsias, dentre eles, a dogmática Processual Civil e a forma alternativa da Mediação, como técnicas para exercer o direito ao Acesso à Justiça que, a partir da releitura pela Teoria dos Jogos, apresentam os litigantes – entendidos como jogadores – enquanto participantes competidores ou cooperadores.
Contribuições teóricas sobre um repensar da percepção de velhice: aliada à discussão de classe e hegemonia
Authors: Doronin Juliana de A. F , Araújo Giovanna de Aquino Fonseca
Published: July 2020

O texto parte de reflexão/discussão acerca das subjetividades da construção do (s) sujeito (s) velho (s) enquanto categoria de classe e questão social, relacionando com o campo da política no sentido de pensar se alguns grupos de idosos de experiências no âmbito da educação vinculados a Instituições públicas podem ser considerados, aparelhos ideológicos do Estado da hegemonia discutida por Gramsci, através de práticas, rituais e comportamentos, instituídos dentro dos próprios grupos, enquanto formas de viver. Foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica no qual se utilizou como principais referências: GRAMSCI (1978) MILIBAND (1976) e POULANTZAS (1975).
Decisional Capacity Determination in Patients With Cancer
Authors: McFarland Daniel , Blackler Liz , Hlubocky Fay , Saracino Rebecca , Masciale James , Chin Martin , Alici Yesne , Voigt Louis
Published: July 2020

Patients with cancer face many difficult decisions and encounter many clinical situations that undermine decisional capacity. For this reason, assessing decision making capacity should be thought of at every medical encounter. The culmination of variable disease trajectories, following patients to the end of life, use of high-risk treatments, and other weighty personal decisions require attention to patients’ ability to engage in decisions. Oncologists develop meaningful relationships with their patients. This familiarity may lead to forgoing the process of diligently assessing a patient’s cognitive ability and/or decisional capacity when important decisions need to be made. While the process may feel like it takes place spontaneously, many subtle and overt details are involved with the decisions around cancer care that require pointed questioning and probing. Thus, there are many ways to fall short in determining decisional capacity. Clinicians are inconsistent in their decisional capacity determinations and generally assume more decisional capacity than the patient has. Consult and referral services such as ethics and psychiatry can help with treatment decisions and with assessing underlying psychosocial and psychiatric conditions. Decisional capacity may fluctuate and requires a variable amount of decisional ability depending on the clinical situation; hence, it is time-specific and decision-specific.
This review is intended to provide a summary of key components of decisional capacity while highlighting areas in need of clinical refinement.
Recontorno cosmético em dentes anteriores com resina composta – revisão de literatura
Authors: Zeni Rafaela , Castro Yali Carvalho Ribeiro de , Bueno Albano Luis , Francio Luciano A.
Published: July 2020

INTRODUÇÃO: Agenesia de dentes do grupamento anterossuperior é de fácil percepção por afetar a estética do sorriso, sendo esse o motivo principal da busca por tratamento nesses casos. A avaliação do sorriso deve abranger diversos aspectos desde a composição facial até características morfológicas dos elementos dentários e, dessa forma, se qualquer um desses aspectos forem afetados, o sorriso se torna esteticamente inadequado. Os novos tempos pedem padrões cada vez mais claros de sorrisos, inclusive as indústrias de resinas compostas criam cores mais claras devido a solicitação dos pacientes. Com isso o sorriso tem um valor extraordinário na sociedade, sendo ele um importante meio de comunicação e aceitação do indivíduo. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura baseada no uso do recontorno cosmético em dentes anteriores com resina composta, para correções de imperfeições estéticas. CONCLUSÃO: Mas quando a estética está comprometida, correções com faceta direta em resina composta, pela técnica de estratificação podem oferecer ao dente uma perfeita restauração, proporcionando beleza natural, estética, cor, anatomia, função e ainda sendo de baixo custo, não necessitando de desgastes de tecidos hígidos.
Evaluation of Ranson’s Score, Glasgow, Apache II, Apache O, Balthazar CTSI in Acute Pancreatitis Patients
Authors: Vijaykumar C Bada  , K Ravindranath
Published: July 2020

Background: Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the glandular parenchyma leading to injury or destruction of acinar components. This study was conducted to evaluate Ranson’s score, Glasgow, APACHE II, APACHE O, Balthazar CTSI in acute pancreatitis patients. Subjects and Methods: This study was conducted at Department of surgical Gastroenterology, Global hospital Hyderabad to evaluate Ranson’s score, Glasgow, APACHE II, APACHE O, Balthazar CTSI in acute pancreatitis patients. Results: 34% of the patients in the study were aged 31-40 years and only 6% of the patients were aged >60 years. The etiologic factors for acute pancreatitis in the study group included alcoholism (n= 27, 50.94%), Idiopathic (n=15, 28.30%), biliary pancreatitis (n= 10, 18.87%) and hypertriglyceridemia (n=1, 1.89%). A significant difference in all scoring systems was found between cases of mild and severe pancreatitis (P< 0.05). Among the multifactor scoring systems, Ranson’s was found to be a better predictor than APACHE-II. There was not much difference between APACHE-O and APACHE-II. Overall, CTSI found to be the best predictor, followed by APACHE-II. Conclusion: The authors found that there was no significant difference among the multifactor scoring systems, although Glasgow and APACHE-II fare better.
A Prospective Study of Clinical Factors (BMI, DM) Inﬂuencing Healing of Abdominal Incisions Correlated with Tissue Expression of MMP2, MMP9 and TIMP
Authors: Venkat Vaijnath Cholleti  , Mohd. Ilyas
Published: July 2020

Background: There is a dynamic and reciprocal interaction among ECM and involving cells, cytokines, growth factors and proteases (MMP/TIMP). The controlled degradation of ECM by extracellular proteases particularly MMP/TIMP and serene proteases forms the basis of wound healing. To study clinical factors (BMI, DM) influencing healing of acute abdominal surgical wounds as graded by tissue expression of MMP 2, MMP 9 and TIMP. Subjects and Methods: The present study was conducted in 46 patients in the Department of General Surgery, Kamineni Hospitals, L.B. Nagar, Hyderabad. Results: Type II DM was found in 63 % of patients and found to be having significantly affecting wound healing (p = 0.0017). Wound healing was delayed in uncontrolled DM. Diabetics with healed wound had increased expression of MMP-2 and decreased expression of MMP-9 while Diabetics with non-healed had strong expression of MMP-9 and TIMP as compared to MMP-2. Obesity was seen in 47.82 % of patients and significantly affected wound healing (p = 0.0022). Obese patients with healed wounds had increased expression of MMP-2 and MMP – 9 with decreased TIMP levels. Conclusion: The present study strongly supported tissue expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP 2 balance between 7-14 days as a good predictor of wound healing in abdominal laprotomy wounds.
Clinical Complications Post Thyroidectomy
Authors: Syed Abdul Hakeem
Published: July 2020

Background: One of the most commonly conducted operations by a general surgeon are thyroid surgeries. Many complications of thyroid operation are linked to metabolic disturbances or a recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. Superior laryngeal nerve injury, inflammation, weakness  of airways and bleeding are other risks. Subjects and Methods: This randomized retrospective sample consists of 50 successive patients who undergo various thyroidectomy procedures and who meet the inclusion criteria after having been introduced to OPD. Results: Post-operative complications following thyroidectomy was seen in 30% of the patients with Hypocalcemia being one of the most prevalent complications postoperatively observed in 18% of the patients followed by wound infection seen in 6% of the cases studied. The frequency of hematoma at the surgical site was 2%. Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve paralysis seen in 2% of the cases and Seroma formation was reported in one individual constituting 2% of the cases. Conclusion: Effective patient surgical control is important and assists in the early detection and treatment of such complications.Careful post-operative patient monitoring ensures quick intervention and helps the patient to achieve better results.
Hollow Viscus Injuries Due To Trauma
Authors: Ajmeera Ranga  , Kongara Rajesh
Published: July 2020

Background: Hollow viscus injuries can be due to traffic accidents, fall from the height, and fall of heavy objects leading to trauma. Abdominal trauma is the most common with Injuries pertaining to Gastro-Intestinal tract from the cardiac end of the esophagus to the anus, gall bladder, and biliary tract and lower genitourinary tract. The aim of the study is to study the modes of trauma, clinical features of hollow viscus injuries, and the diagnosis and management of hollow viscus injuries. Subjects and Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study. conducted over a period of one year from June 2018 – May 2019. at Department of General Surgery on 90 patients with hollow viscus injury. After initial resuscitation of the trauma victims, a careful history was taken to document any associated medical problem. The collected data was analyzed with respect to the presentation by the patient’s age and sex incidence, etiologies, pathological features, morbidity, and mortality associated with causation and management. The ultrasound and CT- Scan were done to assess the injury and plan accordingly before taking up for the surgery. Results: The majority of the patients belonged to the age group of 21 – 30 years and the least pertaining to the age group of 41 – 50 years of age group. The Incidence in Males is much more than females. The males were 74% and females were 26%. The most common causative agent of hollow viscous injury was a Road traffic accident with 59%. Majority of the patients who were admitted more than 24 hours after the injury, the mortality rate was much higher compared to the patients who were admitted in less than 24 hours of the trauma. Conclusion: HVI is a dangerous condition. High mortality rates represent the seriousness of HVI and related injuries. Patients of HVI should be carefully monitored for associated injuries and complications.
O que são accountability e mecanismos de controle social?
Authors: Park Dany Shin
Published: July 2020

WHAT ARE ACCOUNTABILITY ANS SOCIAL CONTROL MECHANISMS? RESUMO: Para melhor compreendermos o que são accountability e mecanismos de controle social, uma breve contextualização sobre a Democracia Liberal Representativa e Governança se faz necessária, passando pelos pontos de vista da Ciência Política, da Ciência da Administração Pública e, por fim, do Direito, com ênfase em Direito Administrativo e Direito e Desenvolvimento. Na expressão mecanismos de controle social são considerados os instrumentos, as ferramentas e os recursos, que compõe a engrenagem relacional da accountability. São duas formas de olhar para o mesmo fenômeno, apenas que na primeira ele é visto como um regime relacional político-jurídico e, na segunda, como um conjunto de ferramentas e recursos, que, unidos por uma engenharia ou arquitetura, formam um regime institucionalizado de controle. Por tais razões, a afirmação de Mulgan (2000), de que a accountability é um meio de controle, entendido em seu sentido amplo. De outro lado, porém, accountability pode ser, por vezes, mais do que um mecanismo de controle, mas o próprio controle.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Accountability. Controle social. Conceitos. Definições.ABSTRACT: In order to better understand what accountability and social control mechanisms are, a brief contextualization of Representative Liberal Democracy and Governance is necessary, from the points of view of Political Science, Public Administration Science and, finally, Law, with emphasis on Administrative Law and Law and Development. In the expression social control mechanisms are considered the instruments, tools and resources that make up the relational gear of accountability. They are two ways of looking at the same phenomenon, only that in the first it is seen as a political-legal relational regime and, in the second, as a set of tools and resources, which, united by engineering or architecture, form an institutionalized regime of control. For these reasons, Mulgan's (2000) statement that accountability is a means of control, understood in its broad sense, and, on the other hand, however, accountability may sometimes be more than a control mechanism, but control itself.KEYWORDS:  Accountability. Social control. Concepts Definitions.Data da submissão: 16/01/2020                  Data da aprovação: 14/04/2020
A Question
Authors: Okoro Miracle
Published: July 2020

In this poem, I struggle to balance God’s goodness with the injustices happening to the black community.
Embark on Fawohodie
Authors: Bowers Lashia
Published: July 2020

A poem about realizing freedom through transformation.
Pentingnya Memahami Entrepreneurship Secara Biblikal bagi Hamba Tuhan
Authors: Zega Sabaria
Published: July 2020

The servant of God who serves does not always depend on the life of the church served if the church economic is not established yet. God's servants can work, or empower their congregation to work. This article is a qualitative research literature that aims to show the importance of God's servants' understanding of entrepreneurship in order to be able to apply it to the congregation that they serve. The method used is descriptive and biblical analysis by considering several texts that can be a reference for entrepreneurship in the congregation. In conclusion, several passages like Matthew 25: 14-30, Acts 18: 3, and 2 Thessalonians 3: 6-15 can be used as a foundation for God's servants to teach entrepreneurship to their congregations. AbstrakHamba Tuhan yang melayani tidak selalu menggantungkan kehidupannya dari jemaat yang dilayani jika kehidupan perekonomiannya belum mapan. Hamba Tuhan dapat bekerja, atau memberdayakan jemaatnya untuk bekerja. Artikel ini merupakan sebuah penelitian kualitatif literatur yang bertujuan untuk menunjukkan pentingnya pemahaman hamba Tuhan tentang entrepreneurship agar dapat menerapkannya dalam jemaat yang dilayaninya. Metode yang digunakan adalah deksriptif dan analisis Alkitab dengan mempertimbangkan beberapa nas yang dapat menjadi acuan bagi entrepreneurship dalam jemaat. Kesimpulannya, beberpa nas seperti Matius 25:14-30, Kisah Para Rasul 18:3, dan 2 Tesalonika 3:6-15 dapat dijadikan landasan untuk hamba Tuhan mengajarkan entrepreneurship bagi jemaatnya.
Studi Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Pengajaran Alkitab di GPdI Haniel Sentani, Papua
Authors: Oko Oral , Tuwo Ferdie Denny
Published: July 2020

This research aims to find out the pastor's tendency as the executor of Bible teaching, as well as the aspects that shape it. How is the compatibility of the implementation of Bible teaching in GPdI Haniel Sentani Jayapura Papua with the pattern in the Bible. In this research, the analysis used is qualitative analysis. Data collection using a questionnaire, given to 100 participants. Based on the findings and analysis, most of the GPdI Haniel Sentani Papua congregations understand the shepherd's teaching patterns based on the Bible. In conclusion, the appropriateness of shepherd teaching is the same as the Bible pattern in GPdI Haniel Sentani Jayapura Papua. This can be proven by increasing church growth from year to year, both in quality and quantity. Congregations increasingly love God through loyalty and obedience in teaching.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kecendurungan gembala sidang sebagai pelaksana pengajaraan Alkitab, serta aspek-aspek yang membentuknya. Bagaimana kesesuaian pelaksanaan pengajaran Alkitab di GPdI Haniel Sentani Jayapura Papua dengan pola dalam Alkitab. Dalam penelitian ini, analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif. Pengumpulan data mengunakan angket, kepada 100 partisipan. Berdasarkan hasil penemuan dan Analisa, sebagian besar jemaat GPdI Haniel Sentani Papua memahami tentang pola pengajaran gembala yang berdasarkan Alkitab. Kesimpulannya, bahwa kesesuaian pelaksanaan pengajaran gembala sama dengan pola Alkitab di GPdI Haniel Sentani Jayapura Papua. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan melalui perkembengan pertumbuhan gereja dari tahun ke tahun semakin bertambah, baik secara kualitas maupun secara kuantitas. Jemaat semakin mengasihi Tuhan melalui kesetiaan dan ketaatan dalam melakukan pengajaran.
Efektivitas Peran Gembala Jemaat dalam Pertumbuhan Gereja
Authors: Santoso Yulia
Published: July 2020

This article is a research result of the role of the pastor's effectiveness in church growth. As for the object examined in this thesis in accordance with the context of the pastor, "about the effectiveness of the pastor who is very influential in the growth of the church in accordance with the ministry and responsibilities as a shepherd." Although there are many strong and hard obstacles that can cause occurrence obstacles in growth, seem slow and stagnant, but the pastoral task must continue to be done and the pastor needs to increase its effectiveness by finding more effective methods so as to find a better way of pastoral care. The effectiveness of the pastor's ministry is very important to be done seriously in order to obtain success in carrying out this ministry from God. AbstrakArtikel ini adalah sebuah hasil penelitian dari peranan efektivitas gembala jemaat terhadap pertumbuhan gereja. Adapun yang menjadi objek yang diteliti dalam tesis ini sesuai dengan konteksnya yaitu gembala jemaat, “ tentang efektivitas gembala jemaat yang sangat berpengaruh terjadinya pertumbuhan gereja sesuai dengan pelayanan dan tanggungjawabnya sebagai gembala.” Walaupun ada banyak hambatan-hambatan yang kuat dan keras yang dapat menyebabkan  terjadinya hambatan dalam pertumbuhan, terkesan lambat dan stagnan, namun tugas  penggembalaan harus tetap dilakukan dan gembala jemaat perlu meningkatkan efektivitasnya dengan mencari metode yang lebih efektif sehingga menemukan cara yang lebih baik dalam tugas penggembalaan. Efektivitas pelayanan gembala ini sangat penting dilakukan dengan sungguh- sungguh agar memperoleh keberhasilan dalam melaksanakan tugas pelayanan dari Tuhan ini.
Deities and Their Symbolic Representation in Traditional Igbo Community: A Case Study if Alaogbaga Deity in Chokoneze Mbaise
Authors: Chuks Madukasi Francis , Nneka Ahamba Lilian
Published: July 2020

Alaogbaga was/is an arbitrator of justice and morality. This deity was revered and respected by the people unlike today where the deity is relegated to the background.  This research work discusses deities and their symbolic representation in an Igbo community focusing on Alaogbaga deity in Chokoneze Ezinihitte Mbaise local government area. The data collected were analyzed using the area cultural approach. In the course of the study, the researcher found out that Christianity, modernization and globalization are the agents that contributed to the weakening of the cultural heritage of Chokoneze people and the destabilization liturgical worship of Alaogbaga. The assimilation of these agents brought about negligence and abuse of the deity by different cadre. The effect of this negligence led to the weakening of the cultural heritage and in consequence the weakening of the moral practices associated with the traditional norms. This research will be beneficial to different cadre and will help enlighten and awaken the minds of the people. The researcher recommends that the people should go back to their root and reconcile with the positive traditions and moral values of their forefathers to help reduce the increasing rate of immorality. The Christian community together with the traditionalist should try to incorporate the teaching of the positive traditions of the community in their different organizations. Cultural studies should be included in the educational curriculum at all levels. This will help awaken the interest of the youths towards their cultural heritage and in turn give them a sense of identity.
Factors Influencing Parents’ Decisions on Choosing an Islamic Primary School in Bandung Indonesia
Authors: Hidayati Dian , Rifa’i Andi Arif
Published: July 2020

The era of disruption has brought about the impact of fundamental changes in the digital-based information presentation globally. Easy access to information and communication through social networks makes children no longer care about the surrounding environment and tends to be "uncivilized". The condition makes parents try to instill a filter through the selection of schools with a religious character curriculum. That fact encourages the emergence of schools labeled with religion with "extra" religious curriculum offers. So, the considerations in choosing a school from a Muslim family, in particular, can indirectly be seen from the curriculum character offered by the school and the character of its graduates. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence parents in choosing an Islamic school. The method used is quantitative with 100 parents who have school-age children from grade 1 to grade 3 who have a middle to the upper economic background in the Bandung. The results of the study found that the factors of parents choosing an Islamic primary school that has primary school graduates accustomed to speaking good words such as please, sorry, thank you and Toyyibah sentences, accustomed to pray 5 times a day, reading the Quran, memorizing the Quran and language skills (Indonesian and English)
KARAKTERISASI SERBUK KACA SEBAGAI SUBSTITUSI PARSIAL SEMEN TERHADAP SIFAT FISIS-MEKANIS CAMPURAN BETON
Authors: Andi Lolo Jumiarti , Ambali Dian Pranata Putra , Paembonan M L
Published: July 2020

Sejalan dengan pesatnya pembangunan, kebutuhan masyarakat untuk bahan bangunan juga semakin meningkat, salah satunya adalah semen sebagai bahan utama konstruksi. Dengan meningkatnya kebutuhan akan semen, maka harga semen pun akan semakin tinggi. Hal ini memicu para ahli untuk mengembangkan bahan alternatif pengganti semen yang relatif murah tanpa mengurangi kualitas hasil. Salah satu bahan alternatif yang dapat digunakan sebagai substitusi parsial semen adalah dengan memanfaatkan limbah serbuk kaca karena memiliki potensi material pozzoland dengan kandungan siliki yang cukup besar sekitar 70%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi sifat serbuk kaca sebagai substitusi parsial semen pada campuran beton dengan variasi komposisi serbuk kaca 0%, 10%, 15% dan 20%. Limbah kaca dari berbagai jenis botol minuman bekas dihancurkan untuk mendapatkan serbuk kaca yang ukuran butirannya halus. Benda uji dibuat berbentuk kubus. Pengujian sifat fisis-mekanis benda uji dilakukan setelah masa perawatan 7 hari, 14 hari dan 28 hari, dengan benda uji harus dalam keadaan kering. Dari masing-masing campuran beton tersebut dibuat tiga benda uji. Pengujian yang dilakukan pada campuran beton adalah pengujian kuat tekan meggunakan alat uji tekan beton. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh, kuat tekan pada umur 28 hari dengan penambahan serbuk kaca 0% sebesar 175.2 kg/cm2, 10 % sebesar 147.2 kg/cm2, 15% sebesar 116.3 kg/cm2, dan 20% sebesar 108.7 kg/cm2. Nilai slump terendah terdapat pada campuran beton normal, sehingga penambahan serbuk kaca dalam campuran beton dapat mempermudah pengerjaan beton.
Primera descripción del desarrollo larval temprano de la vieira patagónica (Zygochlamys patagonica)
Authors: Schwartz Matías , Campodónico Silvana
Published: July 2020

Se procedió a describir el desarrollo larval temprano de la vieira patagónica (Zygochlamys patagonica) que se obtuvo de los desoves de las temporadas de verano 2015 y 2017. Los desoves se obtuvieron por inducción con las técnicas de limpieza valvar y shock térmicos (7 y 13 °C) en 16 vieiras adultas de entre 55 y 72 mm de alto de valva, sexualmente maduras y en igual proporción de sexos. El agua de los recipientes de inducción se filtró con tamiz de 35 mm para retener los ovocitos fecundados que se colocaron en recipientes de 2 l con agua oceánica a 7 ± 0,5 °C y sin aireación. Se observaron y midieron los estadios de desarrollo temprano hasta larva trocófora y se registró la duración de cada fase y el tipo de movimiento. El desarrollo embrionario se completó con el estadio de gástrula 30-40 h posteriores a la fecundación. La fase de larva trocófora comenzó a las 80-84 h, estadio en que se produjo la mortalidad total de las larvas. Si bien no se completó el ciclo de vida de Z. patagonica, el presente trabajo constituye el primer registro de desarrollo larval temprano de la especie, necesario para conocer el tiempo que la larva pasa en la columna de agua y, por lo tanto, su capacidad de dispersión.
O uso de "em face de": um estudo em petições iniciais
Authors: Denardi Vanessa Goes
Published: July 2020

O trabalho visa investigar o uso de em face de por profissionais do Direito tomando como corpus de pesquisa as Petições Iniciais das Varas Cíveis de Curitiba, publicadas entre os anos de 1990 e 2019. A motivação para o estudo deve-se à observação, nesse gênero discursivo, do emprego recorrente dessa expressão com valor de “contra”. Nesses documentos, são analisados o funcionamento do item sob a ótica dos estudos de Hopper, 1991; Hopper e Traugott, 2003; Heine e Kuteva, 2007 e Traugott, 2010, considerando (i) a expansão de uso de “em face de” sob a ótica dos estudos de gramaticalização, e (ii) uma provável especialização de uso no contexto jurídico. A partir da análise, concluiu-se que o item estudado sofreu uma efetiva expansão e dessemantização, bem como a especialização na utilização em peças processuais.
Estratégias de segmentação e de tradução utilizadas por tradutores humanos: da combinação de orações à estrutura retórica
Authors: Antonio Juliano Desiderato , Marins Liliam Cristina , Pereira Luiza Prevedel
Published: July 2020

Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar estratégias de segmentação e de tradução utilizadas por tradutores humanos. O nível em que a análise é realizada é o da estrutura textual, por meio da Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST). O córpus do trabalho é formado por treze sinopses de filmes em inglês e suas versões do inglês para o português feitas por formandos do curso de Tradução. Na análise, investiga-se a frequência de concordância entre a segmentação dos textos em unidades discursivas elementares e comparam-se a estrutura retórica do texto fonte e a estrutura retórica da tradução. A análise permitiu identificar cinco diferentes estratégias utilizadas pelos tradutores e duas inadequações no processo de versão dos textos do inglês para o português. Os resultados mostram que os tradutores humanos, diferentemente dos tradutores mecânicos, promovem transformações inevitáveis nas estruturas linguísticas do texto traduzido, as quais são fruto da relação desse sujeito tanto com a língua estrangeira quanto com sua própria língua materna. Justamente por ser humana, ela se distancia de um ideal de perfeição, bem como de uma possível busca por equivalências estruturais entre línguas que são, a rigor, diferentes.
Climate-related reporting by publicly listed companies in The Netherlands: an attention-action mapping
Authors: Stolker Jan , Keskin den Doelder Bahar , Sidhu Jatinder S.
Published: July 2020

Against the backdrop of increasing calls for mandatory and voluntary climate-related disclosures by companies, this article provides insight into how the (integrated) annual reports of companies listed on the AEX index in the Netherlands, communicated companies’ engagement with climate issues from 2016 to 2018. Drawing on research in the cognitive psychology domain, the article examines companies’ reported attention to climate change as well as their climate-related actions. It shows that although there are noticeable climate attention and action differences among AEX companies, over time the companies as a whole have started doing more in relation to climate – for example, in terms of attention, there is increase in the inclusion of climate considerations in strategy making and, in terms of action, there is increase in the inclusion of climate in material risks. The article discusses the research findings, which have implications for effective governance by corporate boards.
The impact of mandatory non-financial reporting on corporate management, behavior and performance
Authors: Maas Karen , Sampers Peter
Published: July 2020

None
Community Readiness for Increasing Older Adult Physical Activity Levels in Kazakhstan
Authors: Izguttinov Aniyar , Ainabekova Assel , Petrescu-Prahova Miruna , Wood Suzanne J.
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Physical activity is proven to be a significant element of successful aging, but many seniors worldwide fail to achieve the recommended levels. This study aimed to assess the readiness of the community in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, to act on the issue of physical inactivity among older adults.Methods: In order to achieve this purpose, we conducted qualitative interviews with key informants in the community and applied a validated community readiness tool.Results: The results suggest that the local community is at early stages of readiness to act on the issue of older adult physical inactivity. We identified a number of barriers that prevented seniors from leading active lifestyles, which included community misconceptions about older adult physical activity, family centeredness in older adulthood, scarcity of resources, passive support from the leadership, and lack of efforts in the community. Research findings also highlighted the importance of conducting in-depth analysis of key informant responses in addition to calculating readiness scores, when using the community readiness tool.Conclusion: Community-specific strategies for enhancing the level of physical activity among seniors are required to offset the disease burden associated with aging and to prolong life expectancy in Kazakhstan, and it is of paramount importance to tailor potential efforts as to address the current readiness of the community and its needs.
O CONCEITO DE DEFESA SOCIAL E SEGURANÇA PÚBLICA NA ORDEM DEMOCRÁTICA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Macedo Miranda Bartira , Silva Cardoso Franciele
Published: July 2020

As formulações teóricas que possibilitaram a construção das ideias de defesa social possuem várias vertentes e chegam a constituir ideias contraditórias designadas pela mesma expressão “defesa social”. As ideias de defesa social começaram a ser difundidas no Brasil a partir do ano de 1884, pelas Faculdades de Direito de Recife e São Paulo, e foram amplamente adotadas na legislação penal com a edição do Código Penal de 1940 e o Código de Processo Penal de 1941. Hoje em dia o discurso de defesa social se encontra difuso e se articula em torno de uma concepção de direito penal do autor (tomando os etiquetados de criminosos como inimigos da sociedade e que precisam ser combatidos), e em nome desta defesa social, justificam-se toda sorte de violações dos direitos humanos, que marcam a segurança pública no Brasil. Não raro, as violações dos direitos humanos estão acompanhadas de um discurso justificador que invoca a necessidade de defesa social no combate ao crime. Este artigo busca compreender o conceito de defesa social e segurança pública, com suas ramificações teóricas e questões ideológicas que os permeiam. Busca-se traçar o caminho teórico percorrido na formulação dos conceitos e refletir o que se pode entender por defesa social e segurança pública na ordem democrática vigente no Brasil, neste início de século XXI.
Research of milk fat oxidation processes during storage of butter pastes
Authors: Yatsenko Olha , Yushchenko Nataliia , Kuzmyk Uliana , Pasichnyi Vasyl , Kochubei-Lytvynenko Oksana , Frolova Nataliia , Korablova Olga , Mykoliv Ivan , Voitsekhivskyi Volodymyr
Published: July 2020

Basic quality indicators studied: acidity, peroxide, anisidine value and integrated value of complete fat oxidation. Butter paste was selected as a reference, consisting of butter, skim milk powder and fat-soluble emulsifiers. Peroxide value during storage at the temperature of (4 ±2 °С) for the first 4 days did not exceed 5.0 1/2 О mmol.kg-1, on the 15th day fat peroxide value of butter paste with milk-vegetable protein exceeded permissible limits that is indicative of milk fat contamination. At the temperature of (-3 ±1 °С) butter paste fat couldn't be qualified as fresh when storing during 15 days, peroxide value exceeds permissible limits on the 25th day of storage. Rising of the peroxide value above 5 1/2 О mmol.kg-1 was detected on the 25th day of storage, exceeding of threshold value was on the 45th day. It was established that rate of oxidation processes in butter pastes with vegetable protein is the highest among all studied samples in each particular control and observation point. It was determined that the rate of secondary lipid oxidation depends on the storage temperature and is observed when storing butter paste samples at a temperature of (-3 ±1 °С) on the 10th day, (-24 ±2 °С) – on the 30th day of storage. Acid value did not exceed recommended limits (2.5 °K) and was on average – 2.3 °K when storing butter paste during 10 days at a temperature of (4 ±2 °С); 2.1 °K during 20 days at the temperature of (-3 ±1 °С), 2.4 °K during 40 days at the temperature of (-24 ±2 °С). In view of obtained results of fat phase stability evaluation of studied butter pastes, the following storage maximum time is recommended: at the temperature of (4 ±2 °С) ‒ 7 days, at the temperature of (-3 ±1 °С) – 15 days, at the temperature of (-26 ±2 °С) ‒ 30 days.
Phytochemical profile and biological activity of selected kind of medicinal herbs
Authors: Ivanišová Eva , Vasková Dajana , Zagula Grzegorz , Grynshpan Dzmitry , Savitskaya Tatsiana Aleksandrovna , Kačániová Miroslava
Published: July 2020

Medicinal herbs are used due to their health benefits, a special aroma, taste and are considered as one of the richest sources of bioactive compounds. The present study aimed to determine antioxidant activity (DPPH and phosphomolybdenum method), a total polyphenol (using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent), flavonoid (aluminium chloride method), phenolic acid content (using Arnov reagent), antimicrobial activity (disc diffusion method) and chemical composition (ICP-OES instrument) of medicinal herbs (ginger, comfrey, valerian, chicory, horseradish, and ramsons) grown in Slovak republic. Antioxidant activity by DPPH method ranged from 0.61 (ramsons) to 3.62 (ginger) mg TEAC per g of dry matter (TEAC – Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity); by phosphomolybdenum method from 66.67 (valerian) to 204.14 (ginger) mg TEAC per g of dry matter. Total polyphenol content ranged from 4.37 (comfrey) to 13.19 (ramsons) GAE per g of dry matter (GAE – gallic acid equivalent); total flavonoid content from 1.07 (chicory) to 47.55 (ramsons) QE per g of dry matter (QE – quercetin equivalent) and total phenolic acid content from 0.99 (horseradish) to 9.77 (ginger) CAE per g of dry matter (CAE – caffeic acid equivalent). In a sample of ginger was detected the highest antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus CCM 7934 (5 mm). Among the mineral compounds – in all observed samples were dominated (mg.100g-1) of potassium, phosphor, magnesium, and calcium. The amount of cadmium, chrome, and lead in observed samples was detected only in a trace amount, so our results reveal that the medicinal herbs do not represent in this study a potential health risk regarding the content of toxic elements. The consumption and using of medicinal plants as a part of the food mode of consumers due to health benefits is recommended.
Fungitoxicity of the Pyroligneous Extract in the Development in vitro of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Authors: Rodrigues Cleverson , Massaroto João Aguilar , David Grace Queiroz , Matos Dilânia Lopes de , Peres Walmor Moya , Yamashita Oscar Mitsuo , Carvalho Marco Antonio Camillo de
Published: July 2020

Products derived from renewable sources have been studied for their use in agriculture enabling increments in the production of agricultural culture, such as in the case of the pyroligneous extract. The research aimed at evaluating the fungitoxic potential of the pyroligneous extract of teak (Tectona grandis L.) on mycelial growth, sporulation and spore germination of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The experiment was conducted in completely randomized design with five treatments and four replications. Five doses of pyroligneous extract were tested (0, 25, 50, 100, 150 mL L-1) following the pour-plate methodology in 10 mL of potato dextrose agar media and kept in the incubating room maintained at 25 ± 2 °C in a 12 hour-photoperiod for eight days. Mycelial growth variables (cm), mycelial index growth speed, growth inhibition (%), sporulation inhibition (%) and spore germination (%) were evaluated. There was a reduction for the mycelial growth as well as for the rate of mycelial growth, sporulation inhibition and spore germination as the doses were increased. The percentage inhibition of mycelial growth was 56 % for the highest dose (150 mL L-1). Pyroligneous extract of teak has a direct fungitoxic action on growth, sporulation and germination in vitro of the fungus C. gloeosporioides.
Regular Population Census and Sustainable National Development in Nigeria; A Cost And Benefit Analysis
Authors: Eke Emeh, Ikechukwu , Nnamdi Olise, Charles , Otu Idam, Macben , Christopher Nwokolo, Chukwudi
Published: July 2020

This paper examined the issues around census population and its impact on sustainable national development by comparing the budgetary cost of conducting regular population census with the developmental cost of not conducting regular population census. Data for the study were generated through a well-structured questionnaire from purposively selected respondents in the ministry of Finance, ministry of Budget & National Planning and National Population Commission. 300 respondents were enumerated and the data generated was coded and analyzed with STATA with the help of the descriptive statistics which was used to address the objectives of the study with mean cut-off of 2.5 for acceptance or rejection. The result showed (mean = 3.22) which implies that the developmental cost of not conducting regular population census outweighs the budgetary cost of conducting population census regularly. As a result, we recommended that national development planning must be based on up-to-date data generated from regular decennial population census and followed up with the estimations of the National Bureau of Statistics within the intervals.
Bronka Michałowska: A Life in Art
Authors: Budzik Justyna
Published: July 2020

The article is an introduction to an in-depth critical analysis of the artistic oeuvre of Bronka Michałowska—a Polish painter and author of a substantial collection of ceramic works.

Michałowska’s artistic activity has been presented in the manuscript in the context of her immigrant experience which includes the artist’s short stay in London, and later in Canada (Toronto) where she lived for sixty years and where she died in the year 2015.

The article examines several main stages in the whole collection of Michałowska’s ceramic works which include the creation of: ceramic paintings with figural and floral representations, symbolic and allegorical works, and ceramic murals that resemble stained glass-work. A separate study has been dedicated to Michałowska’s household ceramic objects such as multipiece fiance sets, vases, bowls, teacups, and mugs, as well as to the possible sources of her artistic (painterly) inspirations; for example, the work of such artists as Henri Matisse, Tom Thomson, and Arthur Lismer.
Exploring rural tourism experiences through subjective perceptions: A visual Q approach
Authors: An Wookhyun , Alarcón Silverio
Published: July 2020

Aim of study: To explore rural tourists’ views in order to identify different market segmentation in relation to rural tourism experiences.Area of study: Spain.Material and methods: Visual Q, a personal subjectivity research methodology, was applied to present both visual and linguistic aspects so that tourists can more intuitively recognize and answer questions regarding their experiences. Thus, it enables researchers to explore rural tourism experiences from tourists’ subjective perceptions.Main results: There are three primary segments of tourist experiences in rural tourism: ‘Occasion driven visitor’, ‘Active leisure seeker’ and ‘Rural immersion pursuer’ and across all visitors, a common pursuit of ‘A pleasant break’.Research highlights: This paper suggests that rural tourism should offer a range of value propositions, thereby escaping the existing monotonous ones.
Challenges in Forest Road Maintenance in North America
Authors: Dodson Elizabeth M.
Published: July 2020

Maintenance is a key component of managing a forest road network. Forest road networks in North America are managed to provide economic access to forest resources while minimizing the environmental impacts of those roads. While managers understand the importantance of road maintenance, there is a considerable backlog in the maintenance required on most forest road networks. This article reviews challenges across North America in forest road maintenance. Challenges reviewed include those associated with climate change, changing land use and intermingled ownerships, legacy roads, decision support, and financial barriers.
Periodical Maintenance of Forest Roads with a Mobile Stone Crusher
Authors: Erber Gernot , Kroisleitner Huberta , Huber Christoph , Varch Thomas , Stampfer Karl
Published: July 2020

Forest road networks are exposed to damage by traffic, climate, timber harvesting and vegetation. To maintain their functionality, they must be maintained regularly. Periodical maintenance is required when the forest road surface layer is deteriorated and eroded. Well-graded material is required for replacing the forest road surface and often has to be sourced from gravel storage areas, which is costly and requires a large number of truck trips. Therefore, converting non-graded aggregate available on site into well-graded aggregate with a mobile stone crusher is considered a viable alternative.The present study was carried out during a periodical maintenance treatment at the Bavarian State Forest Enterprise and the effect of employing a mobile stone crusher was evaluated with regard to (1) forest road load bearing capacity development during a one-year period post-treatment, (2) particle size distribution of the surface layer material before and after crushing, and (3) its cost compared to other alternatives. Samples were collected pre- and post-operation for particle size distribution analysis, load bearing capacity was measured repeatedly with a light falling weight deflectometer and compared to an untreated reference section and cost of the treatment was compared to two alternatives.The mobile stone crusher was capable of reducing the non-graded to well-graded/close-to-well-graded material and particle size distributions aligned well with the recommendations for lime-water bonded surfaces. Load bearing capacity exceeded the threshold of 40 MN m-2 (Evd, elastic modulus dynamic) for primary forest roads at all times. It increased significantly after the treatment and remained on a significantly higher level throughout the following year. Absolute and relative increases were higher than on the untreated reference section. The treatment variant involving a mobile stone crusher and material available on site was substantially cheaper (5.31 € m-1) than to supply non-graded (16.29 € m-1) or well-graded (19.82 € m-1) material by truck. Material and transport costs represented 67% and 82% of the total costs in the latter two cases. It can be concluded that mobile stone crushers are capable of producing at least close-to-well-graded forest road surface aggregate and that forest road load bearing capacity can be significantly and lastingly increased at only a part of the costs of the alternatives. A maximum of cost and resource efficiency and environmental soundness can be attained when enough surface aggregate is available on site. If this is not the case, sourcing non-graded material as local as possible is the next best alternative.
Klimaatverandering en strafrecht: een verkenning
Authors: Lopik S.J. (Sjoerd) , Stax S.H. (Seppe)
Published: July 2020

Klimaatverandering en strafrecht: een verkenning

Klimaatverandering is niet meer weg te denken uit het publieke debat. In het afgelopen jaar stond het onderwerp vaak op de politieke agenda, werd Greta Thunberg uitgeroepen tot Time Person of the Year en was het Urgenda-arrest een van de meest besproken gerechtelijke uitspraken van het jaar. Binnen het strafrecht wordt nog weinig aandacht aan klimaatverandering besteed, maar dat zal op korte termijn veranderen. Dit artikel bevat een verkenning naar de strafrechtelijke aansprakelijkheid van partijen die bijdragen aan klimaatverandering en de strafrechtelijke handhaving van klimaatwetgeving.
De toepassing van de Wet Bibob in de milieusector
Authors: ten Ham R. (Rutger) , Ahlers F. (Frederike)
Published: July 2020

De toepassing van de Wet Bibob in de milieusector

De afgelopen jaren ziet ongeveer 10% van de circa 300 jaarlijkse adviesaanvragen aan het Landelijk Bibob Bureau op adviezen in verband met milieuactiviteiten. In onze praktijk zien we recentelijk een groeiende aandacht bij het bevoegd gezag en het OM voor de mogelijkheden die de Wet Bibob biedt om milieuovertredingen te voorkomen. Tegelijkertijd is het aantal milieuregels in de afgelopen jaren alleen maar groter geworden. Voor ondernemingen kan de Wet Bibob grote gevolgen hebben, want zonder vergunning geen activiteiten.

In dit nummer van Strafblad dat geheel gewijd is aan het thema milieu staan wij dan ook graag stil bij de Wet Bibob toegespitst op de milieusector.