bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INDICADORES DE SUSTENTABILIDADE EM SIMULAÇÕES DE NEGÓCIOS: UMA PROPOSIÇÃO NO CONTEXTO DO JOGO DE EMPRESAS SEE
Authors: Bonrim de Souza Rafael , Lopers Paulo da Costa
Published: May 2018

O artigo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de propor a inserção de indicadores de sustentabilidade em simulações de negócios. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa básica, qualitativa, descritiva, bibliográfica e documental. Foi elaborado um levantamento teórico-metodológico sobre jogos de empresas e sustentabilidade, foi introduzida a Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) como promotora de um padrão de comunicação global em ações empresariais sustentáveis, e apresentou-se o jogo de empresas SEE (Simulador de Estratégia Empresarial). Este artigo, entre outros propósitos, intenciona identificar, pela realidade dos relatórios sustentáveis brasileiros, estruturados segundo as diretrizes da GRI, e publicados em 2008, quais os indicadores – EC1, EN3, HR6, LA1, PR5 e SO1 – mais reportados por essas empresas. Esses são os indicadores de sustentabilidade propostos para serem inseridos em uma ambiência de simulações de negócios amparada pelo jogo de empresas SEE.
A PERCEPÇÃO SOBRE A ACEITAÇÃO E O AJUSTE DA TECNOLOGIA COMO DETERMINANTES DO USO DO COMÉRCIO ELETRÔNICO COMO CANAL DE COMPRA
Authors: Löbler Mauri Leodir , Bobsin Debora , Visentini Monize Sâmara , Vieira Kelmara Mendes
Published: May 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar se os fatores intençãode uso, facilidade de uso percebida e o ajuste entre a tecnologiae a tarefa de comprar impactam no uso efetivo da Internetcomo canal de compra. Através de uma pesquisa surveyaplicada a 227 pessoas que já compraram pela Internet,chegou-se à conclusão de que a adequação entre a tecnologiae a tarefa explica a utilidade percebida pelos indivíduos. Aintenção de usar o canal comércio eletrônico é fortementeexplicada pela utilidade percebida e pelo ajuste da tecnologiae a tarefa a ser executada. Os resultados reforçam a ideia deque se aumentadas as informações que o site fornece ao usuário,melhor ele entenderá sua utilidade, e mais fácil perceberáa realização da compra.
A INFLUÊNCIA DO MODELO DE GESTÃO DE POLÍCIA COMUNITÁRIANA DEMOCRATIZAÇÃO DA POLÍCIA MILITAR DO ESPÍRITO SANTO, NA CIDADE DE VITÓRIA, ENTRE 1994 E 2006
Authors: Pimentel Gelson Lozer , Behr Ricardo Roberto
Published: May 2018

A segurança pública é um tema amplamente debatido pelaimprensa. Muitos países gastam enorme quantidade de tempoe dinheiro pensando numa maneira eficaz de reduzir a criminalidade.Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar umaalternativa de gestão policial militar, denominada policiamentocomunitário-interativo, que integre policiais e cidadãos,que vai de encontro ao modelo tradicional de policiamento,fruto de uma polícia guerreira, patrimonialista e sectária, característicasessas presentes desde a gênese das polícias. Paratanto, apresentam-se as diferenças de gestão entre a políciacomunitária-interativa e a polícia tradicional. Na metodologia,foram aplicadas entrevistas semiestruturadas em profundidadecom praças, oficiais e lideranças comunitárias que vivenciaramas mudanças no modelo de policiamento ostensivo emVitória, no período de 1994-2006. Conclui-se que a PMESfoi interativa até o final do século XX; entretanto, depoisdisso, ela retrocedeu ao mo-delo de gestão tradicional.
ATRIBUTOS INDIVIDUAIS, BACKGROUND FAMILIAR E AS CHANCES DE SUCESSO DOS CANDIDATOS AO VESTIBULAR DA UFC
Authors: Guimarães Daniel Barboza , Arraes Ronaldo de Albuquerque
Published: May 2018

Analisar os determinantes dos desempenhos de candidatosao concurso vestibular da UFC constitui-se o foco centraldeste artigo. A metodologia baseou-se em uma função deprodução de rendimento educacional e estimação feita pormodelos econométricos de escolha discreta, dicotômico epolicotômico, com o fito de se extrair as chances de os candidatoslograrem êxito em todas as áreas do concurso. Paratanto, foi utilizada uma base de dados derivada de questionáriossocioeconômicos dos candidatos, e disponibilizadospela Pró-Reitoria de Graduação da UFC. Dos resultados estatisticamenterobustos, constatou-se no vetor de variáveissocioeconômicas um forte efeito negativo na chance de sucessono vestibular para aqueles candidatos que se encontramno mercado de trabalho. Background familiar foi incisivosobre os sucessos dos candidatos, vez que aqueles quepossuem pais com nível superior demonstram possuir melhorperformance no exame. A qualidade do ensino públicode nível médio transpareceu nos resultados ao reduzir sobremaneiraas chances de êxito para os candidatos advindosde escolas públicas. Analisando-se os desempenhos por área,concluiu-se, dentro de cenários de previsão, que candidatoscom elevada chance de sucesso em determinada área não amanteria em outras áreas. Descartou-se o efeito concorrênciacomo determinante do desempenho em cada área.
De la Ironía al silencio: sobre la melancolía en Jaime Sabines
Authors: Chouciño Fernández Ana
Published: May 2018

En el mapa de la poesía mexicana de los siglos XX y XXI se aprecia una intensa presencia del carácter melancólico. En esta línea podrían ubicarse Ramón López Velarde, Xavier Villaurrutia, Efraín Huerta, Jaime Labastida, Francisco Hernández o Marco Antonio Campos, entre otros. Cada uno de estos autores ha poetizado algunas do las múltiples caras de la tristeza, desdo el tedio y el abatimiento hasta la exacerbación erótica, la pasión patriótica o, más frecuentemente, la angustia por la enfermedad, el suicidio y la muerte. Dada mi convicción de que la obra de Jaime Sabines es fruto del humor melancólico —en particular de algunas de las manifestaciones de éste descritas desde la filosofía, la sociología y la antropología— y puesto que puede explicar su casi completa renuncia a la creación poética bastantes años antes de su muerte, este trabajo lee al autor chiapaneco a la luz de algunos destacados estudios sobre la melancolía (Agamben, Bartra, Paz, Castro Santiago o Arancibia).
The Optimal Allocation for Capital Preservation: an Evidence Australian Portfolio
Authors: Akbar Riznaldi
Published: May 2018

This study analyzes optimal asset mix for Australian portfolios with the main investment objective for capital preservation. An alternative measure of risk of annual maximum drawdown has been used to reflect investor preference for capital preservation as opposed to conventional risk measure of standard deviation and variance. The contribution of the study is two folds. First, this study has put different perspective to look at portfolio risk in the view of capital preservation. Second, the optimal weight for asset class mix that minimizes annual maximum drawdown has been analyzed for the case of Australian market. The results suggest that for capital preservation, investors should expect lower returns and need to put a greater allocation on less risky assets such as cash or bond. To this end, cash and bond have provided stable long term annual returns along with contained level of annual maximum drawdowns. In contrast, when investors demand higher expected return, they should increase asset allocation into stocks (equities) market at the expense of higher maximum drawdowns.

Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: Studi ini menganalisis bauran aset optimal untuk portofolio Australia dengan tujuan investasi utama untuk pelestarian modal. Ukuran alternatif risiko penarikan maksimum tahunan telah digunakan untuk mencerminkan preferensi investor untuk pelestarian modal dibandingkan dengan ukuran risiko konvensional standar deviasi dan varians. Kontribusi dari penelitian ini adalah dua lipatan. Pertama, penelitian ini telah menempatkan perspektif yang berbeda untuk melihat risiko portofolio dalam pandangan pelestarian modal. Kedua, bobot optimal untuk campuran kelas aset yang meminimalkan penarikan maksimum tahunan telah dianalisis untuk kasus pasar Australia. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa untuk pelestarian modal, investor harus mengharapkan pengembalian yang lebih rendah dan perlu menempatkan alokasi yang lebih besar pada aset yang kurang berisiko seperti uang tunai atau obligasi. Untuk tujuan ini, uang tunai dan obligasi telah memberikan pengembalian tahunan jangka panjang yang stabil bersama dengan tingkat penarikan maksimum tahunan. Sebaliknya, ketika investor meminta pengembalian yang diharapkan lebih tinggi, mereka harus meningkatkan alokasi aset ke pasar saham (ekuitas) dengan mengorbankan penarikan maksimum yang lebih tinggi
The use of medicinal plants and their possible drug interactions with allopathic drugs in a metropolitan region of Curitiba-PR
Authors: Da Silva Bruna Machado , Eichenberger Mariana , Ditterich Rafael Gomes , Buffon Marilene Da Cruz Magalhães
Published: May 2018

The use of medicinal plants constitutes a popular practice and knowledge, and plays a fundamental role in communities, especially concerning health care. The easy accessibility of medicinal plants causes the individual to use concomitant allopathic medicines without any professional guidance. This form of self-medication can inhibit or intensify the effect of medications, so this association requires caution. Aim: To survey the medicinal plants used and their possible drug interactions between synthetic drugs and medicinal plants, including those of dental properties, employed by users of the Jardim das Graças Health Center, Colombo-PR. Methodology: Qualitative study of a descriptive approach; Composed of 31 research participants, chosen at random, according to the criterion: belong to the area of coverage of the UC, and accept to participate in the research. The data were obtained in three stages: 1st home visit, where the research participants answered a questionnaire, 2nd was collected the plants used for botanical identification were collected, 3rd in the medical records, data on the prescribed drugs were analyzed. Results: 77.4% of the research participants used medicinal plants, 33.3% were over 45 years of age, 74.2% were women, 95.8% took medication associated with plant use, 62.5% used plants as medicine, the most used part was the leaf (61.53%), preparation through boiling (75%). The most cited plant was guaco (10.4%), followed by chamomile (9.6%) and lemon (6.4%), and those related to dentistry were: rosemary, arnica, alfavaca, chamomile, fennel, ginger, spearmint, clove and melissa. We concluded that most of the participants used plants concomitantly with allopathic medication, mainly diseases, without any guidance from health professionals. A total of 14 allopathy drugs, and 13 medicinal plants which may present possible risk for drug interaction, were observed.
Aleitamento Materno Exclusivo e introdução de alimentos industrializados nos primeiros dois anos de vida
Authors: Oliveira Rafael Alves Mata de , Cônsolo Fernanda Zanoni , Freitas Karine De Cássia , Pegolo Giovana Eliza
Published: May 2018

Objetivou-se identificar a frequência de Aleitamento Materno Exclusivo e a introdução de alimentos industrializados entre crianças com idade inferior a dois anos. Trata-se de estudo transversal, com amostra de conveniência, constituída por 31 mães. 61,3% das mães informaram Aleitamento Materno Exclusivo, por período médio de 4,5 meses, contudo 86,9% e 67,8% das mães ofertaram água e chá, antes dos primeiros seis meses de vida, o que contraria a definição de aleitamento exclusivo. A oferta de alimentos industrializados antes dos dois anos foi mencionada por 96% das mães para sucos artificiais, e 87%, para refrigerantes. Para macarrão instantâneo, doces, biscoitos recheados e salgadinhos, 88,2%, 89,3%, 86,4% e 80% registraram essa prática, respectivamente. Conclui-se que o Aleitamento Materno foi mencionado pela maioria das participantes, contudo não de forma exclusiva. A oferta de alimentos complementares mostrou-se inadequada, considerando a introdução de alimentos industrializados em idade precoce.
Propriedade intelectual e moda feminina
Authors: Miranda Maria Geralda , Farias Bruno Matos de
Published: May 2018

Toda invenção nasce no campo das ideias por meio da percepção e inquietação de algo que esteja faltando no cotidiano do inventor ou da sociedade a que ele serve. Uma característica inerente à moda é a inovação, uma vez que o poder e a apresentação das pessoas também se realizam pela moda e uso de determinadas marcas. O cidadão também tem direito, lato sensu, de se destacar da multidão, por meio da moda, fazendo, contudo, parte dela. Este artigo tem por objetivo elucidar o termo propriedade intelectual, bem como apresentar sua legislação, o direito de propriedade e a propriedade intelectual de um produto, além de abordar a criação de roupas com foco na moda feminina, bem como a regulamentação da moda. Por fim apresentar a importância do registro da invenção.
Caracterização e análise sensorial de cupcakes elaborados com diferentes concentrações de farinha de casca e polpa de baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.)
Authors: Marcelino Gabriela , Coleta Isadora Taveira , Candido Camila Jordão , Santos Elisvania Freitas dos
Published: May 2018

O estudo objetivou verificar a aceitabilidade sensorial de cupcakes adicionados de farinha de casca e polpa de baru (FCPB) e determinar a composição físico-química da formulação padrão, daquela contendo maior concentração de FCPB com aceitação sensorial semelhante a padrão e da FCPB. Foram desenvolvidas quatro formulações: F1(0%), F2(20%), F3(30%) e F4(40%). Participaram da avaliação sensorial 100 provadores não treinados, de ambos os gêneros e maiores de 18 anos. F1 apresentou notas superiores em todos os atributos quando comparado com as demais amostras, e a formulação F3 foi a mais aceita dentre as com adição da FCPB. F3 apresentou teores elevados de umidade, minerais e fibras e redução de carboidratos e calorias quando comparada à F1. Conclui-se que a substituição da farinha de trigo por 30% de FCPB apresentou grande aceitação melhorando o perfil nutricional do produto.
Assesment of Satellite and Radar Quantitative Precipitation Estimates for Real Time Monitoring of  Meteorological Extremes Over the Southeast of Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Cánovas-García Fulgencio , García-Galiano Sandra , Alonso-Sarría Francisco
Published: May 2018

QPEs (Quantitative Precipitation Estimates) obtained from remote sensing or ground-based radars could complement or even be an alternative to rain gauge readings. However, to be used in operational applications, a validation process has to be carried out, usually by comparing their estimates with those of a rain gauges network. In this paper, the accuracy of two QPEs are evaluated for three extreme precipitation events in the last decade in the southeast of the Iberian Peninsula. The first QPE is PERSIANN-CCS, a satellite-based QPE. The second is a meteorological radar with Doppler capabilities that works in the C band. Pixel-to-point comparisons are made between the values offered by the QPEs and those obtained by two networks of rain gauges. The results obtained indicate that both QPEs were well below the rain gauge values, especially in extreme rainfall time slots. There seems to be a weak linear association between the value of the discrepancies and the precipitation value of the QPEs. It does not seem that radar is more accurate than PERSIANN-CCS, despite its larger spatial resolution and its commonly higher effectiveness. The main conclusion is that neither PERSIANN-CCS nor radar, without empirical calibration, are acceptable QPEs for the real-time monitoring of meteorological extremes in the southeast of the Iberian Peninsula.
Changes in Sitting Time and Sitting Fragmentation after a Workplace Sedentary Behaviour Intervention
Authors: Hutchinson Jasmin , Headley Samuel , Matthews Tracey , Spicer Greg , Dempsey Kristen , Wooley Sarah , Janssen Xanne
Published: May 2018

Prolonged sedentary behaviour (SB) has shown to be detrimental to health. Nevertheless, population levels of SB are high and interventions to decrease SB are needed. This study aimed to explore the effect of an individualized consultation intervention aimed at reducing SB and increasing breaks in SB among college employees. A pre-experimental study design was used. Participants (n=36) were recruited at a college in Massachusetts, USA. SB was measured over 7 consecutive days using an activPAL3 accelerometer. Following baseline measures, all participants received an individualized SB consultation which focused on limiting bouts of SB >30 minutes, participants also received weekly follow-up e-mails. Post-intervention measures were taken after 16 weeks. Primary outcome variables were sedentary minutes/day and SB bouts >30 minutes. Differences between baseline and follow-up were analyzed using paired t-tests. The intervention did not change daily sedentary time (-0.48%; p>0.05). The number of sedentary bouts >30 minutes decreased significantly by 0.52 bouts/day (p=0.015). In this study a consultation based SB intervention was successful in reducing number of bouts >30 minutes of SB. However, daily sedentary time did not reduce significantly. These results indicate that consultation-based interventions may be effective if focused on a specific component of SB.
Maxwell Demon's and the Problem of Observers in General Relativity
Authors: Herrera Luis
Published: May 2018

The fact that real dissipative (entropy producing) processes may be detected by non–comoving observers (tilted), in systems that appear to be isentropic for comoving observers, in general relativity, is explained in terms of the information theory, in analogy with the explanation of the Maxwell's demon paradox.
Analytical and Numerical Treatments of Conservative Diffusions and the Burgers Equation
Authors: Prodanov Dimiter
Published: May 2018

The present work is concerned with the study of the generalized Langevin equation and its link to the physical theories of statistical mechanics and scale relativity. It is demonstrated that the form of the coefficients of Langevin equation depend critically on the assumption of continuity of the reconstructed trajectory. This in turn demands for the fluctuations of the diffusion term to be discontinuous in time. This paper further investigates the connection between the scale-relativistic and stochastic mechanics approaches, respectively, with the study of the Burgers equation, which in this case appears as a stochastic geodesic equation. By further demanding time reversibility of the drift the Langevin equation can also describe equivalent quantum-mechanical systems in a path-wise manner. The resulting statistical description obeys the Fokker-Plank equation of the probability density of the differential system, which can be readily estimated from Monte Carlo simulations of the random paths. Based on the Fokker-Plank formalism a new derivation of the transient probability densities is presented. Finally, stochastic simulations are compared to the theoretical results.
Cutaneous and Mucosal Manifestations Associated to Celiac Disease
Authors: Rodrigo Luis , Beteta Valia-Patricia , Álvarez Nuria , Gómez de Castro Celia , de Dios Álvaro , Palacios Laura , Santos-Juanes Jorge
Published: May 2018

Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated gluten-induced enteropathy that affects predisposed individuals of all ages. Many patients with CD do not report gastrointestinal symptoms making it difficult to reach an early diagnosis. On the other hand, CD is related to a wide spectrum of extra-intestinal manifestations, being dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) the best characterized. These associated conditions may be the clue for reaching the diagnosis of CD. Over the last years, there have been multiple reports of the association between CD and several cutaneous manifestations that may improve with a gluten-free diet (GFD). The presence of some of these skin diseases, even in absence of gastrointestinal symptoms, should give rise to an appropriate screening for CD. The aim of this paper is to describe the different cutaneous manifestations that have been associated to CD and the possible mechanisms involved.
Unravelling the Roles Of susceptibility Loci for Autoimmune Diseases in the Post-GWAS Era
Authors: Ye Jody , Gillespie Kathleen , Rodriguez Santiago
Published: May 2018

Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several hundred loci associated with autoimmune diseases, their mechanistic insights are still poorly understood. The human genome is more complex than common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are interrogated by GWAS arrays. Some structural variants such as insertions-deletions, copy number variations, and minisatellites that are not very well tagged by SNPs cannot be fully explored by GWAS. Therefore, it is possible that some of these loci may have large effects on autoimmune disease risk. In addition, other layers of regulations such as gene-gene interactions, epigenetic-determinants, gene and environmental interactions also contribute to the heritability of autoimmune diseases. This review focuses on discussing why studying these elements may allow us to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the aetiology of complex autoimmune traits.
The Effects of Initiators Mixture on Suspension Polymerization of Vinyl Chloride and its Comparison with other Productivity-Enhancing Procedures
Authors: Darvishi Reza , Shahi Aref
Published: May 2018

Molecular and morphological properties of poly(vinyl chloride) grains produced by suspension polymerization of VCM in the presence of a mixture of three kind of initiators (i.e. fast, mild and slow) (named as Cok process) was experimentally investigated in a pilot-scale reactor. The results obtained here were initially compared with a isothermal regular process (named as control process) and then with those obtained already for other productivity-enhancing polymerization techniques (i.e. nonisothermal and fast initiator dosage process). The results showed that, in contrast to nonisothermal and fast initiator dosage process, the addition of initators mixture at the beginning of the reaction has the smallest influence on molecular weight and polydispersity index compared to control process. It is obvioused that Cok-PVC grains have the lowest cold plasticizer absorption and porosity among these mentioned processes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the particles produced by Cok process are more regularly shaped, with a smoother surface compared with the control product. According to the literatures, all three productivity-enhancing techniques lead to an apparent quality enhancement, higher flowability and greater bulk density of final grains. While both processes of continous initiator dosage and nonisothermal polymerization broaden the particle size distribution of final PVC grains, applying initiator mixture produces particles with the same particle size distribution as control process. The SEM images processing showed that Cok process deccelerates the formation of a three-dimensional skeleton of primary particles relative to the control polymerization. In comparison with nonisothermal trajectory and continous fast initiator dosage system, the Cok polymerization process leads to the most delay of motionless conversions and fusion time as well.
Fracture Reconstruction and Analysis of Low Permeability Carbonates using x-ray Tomography for Comparison with Outcrop Data
Authors: Zihms Stephanie G. , Lewis Helen , Siqueira de Miranda Tiago , Hall Stephen A. , Somerville James M.
Published: May 2018

Abstract: Comparing outcrop data to laboratory results is important to verify and validate experiments of analogue and reservoir materials especially regarding conditions for deformation experiments. This is important better understand highly complex carbonate reservoir strata and their response to changes in subsurface conditions, reducing subsurface uncertainty. This study develops methods to allow for a more straightforward comparison of outcrop data (m-scale) with experimentally created fracture arrays developed in cylindrical samples (cm-scale). The main objective is to assess usefulness of experimentally-produced fracture networks as analogues for subsurface structures, typically at the meter and above scale by developing new techniques to use the lab deformation. It analyses key characteristics of laboratory-induced fracture networks by adapting scanline methods to use with x-ray tomography (XRT) images to allow for comparison with outcrop and field data. To test and verify these new methods two low permeability carbonate samples were used for deformation testing and analysis. Applying the different scanline methods we show that they can be used to analyse lab induced fractures (mm to cm-scale) identified in XRT images for comparison with outcrop data (m-scale). In addition, these methods also allow for quantification of fracture network attributes e.g. fracture spacing, fracture apertures, orientation. This new data bridges the gap between micro-scanlines using thin sections and outcrop scanlines.
Mismatch between Student and Tutor Evaluation of Training Needs: An Exploratory Study of Traumatology Rotations
Authors: Santonja-Medina Fernando , García-Sanz María Paz , Santonja-Renedo Sara , García-Estañ Joaquín
Published: May 2018

Clinical training in medical schools in Spain is performed by rotations in university hospitals. During these internships, students are expected to acquire and master basic procedural skills. However, the assessment tools available rarely check whether these skills are completely acquired by the students. We have used an e-portfolio to determine the optimal number of times the students need to repeat a procedure to be able to perform it independently. The results were compared with the actual performance during the internships. An e-portfolio collected qualitative information about the internships. Quantitative information was also requested about the number of times each clinical skill was performed. Later, a survey asked these students and their teachers the optimal number of times each skill should be repeated before it could be considered fully acquired. The questionnaire was answered by 98.6% of the students and 70.3% of their teachers. Out of the 21 clinical skills and procedures selected, both students and their tutors agreed in a similar optimal value in 16 of them; only in five of them, teachers thought that students needed a greater number of times than that selected by the students. When these optimal values were compared with the actual values recorded in the portfolio during the internships, it was found that about half of the clinical skills were carried out less frequently than expected, thus providing an important feedback about the internships. Quantitative information collected in portfolios reveals a moderate mismatch between students and tutors perceptions of their training needs.
Fracture Characteristics and Change of Permeability Under the Influence of Natural Fractures: Experimental Study of Wufeng–Longmaxi Shale
Authors: Zhu Hai-Yan , Tao Lei , Liu Qing-You , Lei Zheng-Dong , Jiang Shu , McLennan John D.
Published: May 2018

Currently, substantial shale gas reserves have been recognized in many countries, including China and the United States. An improved comprehension of the structure of these shale plays can lead to improved shale gas producibility. Gas is produced through natural fractures (NFs) and through hydraulically induced fractures, together creating the so-called stimulated reservoir volume (SRV). Although NFs are advocated as significantly influencing the size and shape of an SRV, the effects of NFs on fracturing and permeability changes are incomplete. This paper describes experimental studies performed on calcite-filled fractures from outcrops of Wufeng (O3w)-Longmaxi (S1l) shale. These samples are representative of Ordovician-Silurian productive shales in the Fuling Basin, near Chongqing City, China. Basic parameters, such as acoustic wave velocity, porosity, and permeability, were first measured on representative samples. Subsequently, permeability and acoustic emissions were measured during triaxial compression experiments through the post-peak domain. After these evaluations, the fracture modes and the fragment distribution were evaluated.

In the measurements made, the natural calcite-filled macroscopic fractures reduced the confined compressive strength of these shale samples from 26 to 47%. Permeability is also affected. During the triaxial compression experiments, different NF orientations affected the overall permeability differently. We divided the collected samples into three groups.

Group 1 samples had axial fractures (AFs). The gas permeability reduced from 0.70 to 0.12 md. When the sample was broken, permeability increased to 2.0 md, whereas the axial stress dropped to zero. Samples in Group 2 had transverse natural fractures (TFs). When new fractures were generated, permeability increased to greater than 0.70 md. Because samples in Group 3 had no obvious, natural macroscopic fractures (NFs), permeability was too low to measure before catastrophic failure during triaxial compression. When these samples did fail in compression, significant fractures formed, and permeability increased, resembling Group 2.

There was a close relationship between the initial pattern of NFs and the subsequently generated fracture morphologies. For Group 1, the samples broke into several larger pieces along the original AFs. For Group 2, the samples broke into numerous small and relatively uniform pieces. For Group 3, the samples did not break completely, and the constituent fragments were nonuniform. Our results are helpful for understanding fracture-propagation mechanisms and the evolution of permeability under in-situ loading processes (long-term geologic loading, stress alteration during well construction and stimulation, and reservoir modification during depletion).
Quantitative Evaluation of Key Geological Controls on Regional Eagle Ford Shale Production Using Spatial Statistics
Authors: Tian Yao , Ayers (ret.) Walter B. , Sang Huiyan , McCain William D. , Ehlig-Economides Christine
Published: May 2018

Recent progress has increased our understanding of key controls on the productivity of shale reservoirs. The quantitative relations between regional Eagle Ford Shale production trends and geologic parameters were investigated to clarify which geologic parameters exercise dominant control on well-production rates.

Previously, qualitative correlations for the Eagle Ford Shale were demonstrated among depth, thickness, total organic carbon (TOC), distribution of limestone beds, and average bed thickness with regional production. Eagle Ford production wells are horizontal, but it was necessary to use vertical wells that penetrated the Eagle Ford to map reservoir properties. No wells in the database had both production and geological parameters, and thus geological parameters could not be directly related to individual-well production. Therefore, spatial-interpolation methods derived from the Kriging and Bayesian methods with Markov-chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling algorithms were used to integrate data sets and predict geological properties at production-well locations. The spatial Gaussian-process-regression modeling was conducted to investigate the primary controls on production.

Results suggest that the 6-month cumulative production from the Eagle Ford Shale, in barrels of oil equivalent (BOE), increases consistently with depth, with Eagle Ford thickness (up to 180-ft thickness), and with TOC (up to 7%). Also, when the number of limestone beds exceeds 12, production increases with the number of limestone beds. The corresponding significance code indicates that the parameters most significant to production are TOC and depth (which relates to pressure and thermal maturation).

Concepts and models developed in this study may assist operators in making critical Eagle Ford Shale development decisions and should be transferable to other shale plays.
Evaluation of Imbibition Oil Recovery in the Duvernay Formation
Authors: Yassin Mahmood Reza , Dehghanpour Hassan , Begum Momotaj , Dunn Lindsay
Published: May 2018

In this study, we evaluate the wettability of shale plugs from the Duvernay Formation, which is a self-sourced reservoir in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin. We use reservoir oil and flowback water (brine) to conduct air/liquid contact-angle and air/liquid spontaneous-imbibition tests for wettability evaluation. We characterize the shale samples by measuring pressure-decay permeability, effective porosity, initial oil and water saturations, mineralogy, and total-organic-carbon (TOC) content, and by conducting rock-eval pyrolysis tests. We also conduct scanning-electron-microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses on the shale samples to characterize the location and size of pores. After evaluation of wettability, we conduct soaking tests. First, we measure liquid/liquid contact angles for the droplets of the soaking fluids and reservoir oil equilibrated on the surface of the oil-saturated plugs. Then, we conduct soaking tests by immersing the oil-saturated plugs in different soaking fluids, and record the oil volume produced from spontaneous imbibition of the soaking fluids. The soaking fluids are characterized by measuring surface tension (ST), interfacial tension (IFT), viscosity, and pH. We analyze the results of soaking tests and investigate the controlling parameters affecting oil recovery factor (RF).

The results demonstrate that the shale samples have stronger wetting affinity toward oil compared with brine. The positive correlations of TOC content with effective porosity and pressure-decay permeability suggest that the majority of connected pores are within the organic matter. The strong oil-wetness of the shale samples can be explained by the abundance of organic porosity, verified by the SEM/EDS images. The results of liquid/liquid contact-angle tests show that the soaking fluid with lower IFT exhibits a stronger wetting affinity toward the shale. The results also show that oil RF is higher for the soaking fluids with lower IFT, which may be caused by wettability alteration. In addition, comparing the results of air/brine imbibition with those of the soaking tests indicates that adding nonionic surfactant to the soaking fluid may alter the wettability of hydrophobic organic pores toward less-oil-wet conditions, leading to the displacement of oil from organic pores.
Atividade antimicrobiana do extrato de Chenopodium ambrosioides e Ruta graveolens sobre Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Silva Diego Romário da , Ferreira Sabrina Avelar de Macedo , Silva Tainá Souza , Sette-de-Souza Pedro Henrique , Silva Andréa Cristina Barbosa da
Published: May 2018

As plantas medicinais e aromáticas são usadas pela população para o tratamento de doenças desde a antiguidade. Esse conhecimento empírico é usado como orientação para condução de estudos de definição da propriedades biológicas dessas plantas. Apesar da rica biodiversidade da flora brasileira, os estudos nacionais nesta área ainda são incipientes. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a atividade antimicrobiana do extrato hidroetanólico de duas plantas do Curimataú paraibano (C. ambrosioidese e R. graveolans) contra S. mutans. Os extratos hidroetanólicos foram obtidos por rotaevaporação. A susceptibilidade microbiana foi realizada por meio da técnica da microdiluição em caldo para obtenção da Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM). C. ambrosioidese e R. graveolans não apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana para S. mutans em concentrações ≤ 400 µg/mL. As plantas estudadas não apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana contra S. mutans nas concentrações analisadas. A análise das frações do extrato e/ou suas moléculas isoladas podem permitir vislumbrar resultados diferentes.Descritores: Plantas Medicinais; Streptococcus mutans; Cárie Dentária.
Prevalência e severidade da cárie dentária em um município em condição de vulnerabilidade social no Estado do Paraná
Authors: Tsuzuki Fernanda Midori , Silva Jéssica Catiste , Ishizu Larissa , Calazans Cristiane Muller , Silva Mariliani Chicarelli da , Rocha Najara Barbosa da
Published: May 2018

Introdução: A doença cárie ainda é um grande problema de saúde pública que o Brasil enfrenta atualmente e crianças inseridas num contexto social economicamente desfavorecido podem ser grupos vulneráveis a esta doença. Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência, severidade da cárie dentária e necessidade de tratamento odontológico em crianças e jovens no município de Sarandi, PR. Métodos: A pesquisa é do tipo transversal, descritiva, retrospectiva, com dados quantitativos. A população do estudo compôs-se de crianças de 3 a 14 anos de idade, que frequentam um projeto voltado para o atendimento da população vulnerável, chamado Pescadores de Vida, no ano de 2016. Um treinamento com a equipe foi realizado, bem como, o estudo piloto, para ajuste do instrumento de coletas de dados e exame clínico. O termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido (TCLE) foi assinado pelas mães ou responsáveis. Os índices utilizados para coleta dos dados clínicos obedeceram aos critérios recomendados pela OMS, para levantamentos epidemiológicos. Resultados: Foi possível concluir que as crianças e adolescentes deste estudo têm alta prevalência de cárie dentária, bem como, necessidades de tratamentos complexos. Conclusão: Com isso, ressalta-se a necessidade de implantação de políticas sociais que contemplem as populações de menor nível socioeconômico.Descritores: Cárie Dentária; Vulnerabilidade Social; Odontologia.
Fístula parotídea após acesso retromandibular: relato de caso
Authors: Guerra Felipe Aurélio , Garbin Júnior Eleonor Álvaro , Griza Geraldo Luiz , Érnica Natasha Magro , Conci Ricardo Augusto
Published: May 2018

Introdução: O tratamento de injúrias ao esqueleto facial exige por vezes acessos extraorais para uma melhor visualização, redução e fixação das fraturas. Em fraturas condilares o acesso retromandibular é largamente utilizado na prática clínica, apresentando previsibilidade e campo operatório adequado, todavia pode gerar complicações como parestesia, paresia/paralisia, sialocele e fístulas parotídeas. Objetivo: relatar um caso clínico de fístula parotídea após acesso retromandibular bem como a conduta aplicada no tratamento. Resultados: É consenso na literatura que injúrias agudas à glândula parótida devem ser prontamente corrigidas, no entanto danos pós-operatórios crônicos apresentam uma vasta gama de tratamentos. Mesmo condutas extremamente conservadoras podem ser efetivas na resolução de fístulas salivares. Conclusão: A identificação das estruturas glandulares afetadas é primordial para resolução do caso. A conduta deve ser individualizada para cada paciente tendo em conta a vasta gama de tratamentos disponíveis.Descritores: Côndilo Mandibular; Glândula Parótida; Complicações Pós-Operatórias.
The impact of Working Capital Management on shareholders’ wealth and profitability: evidence from Colombo Stock Exchange
Authors: Perera Wasantha , Priyashantha Pradeep
Published: May 2018

The Working Capital Management (WCM) has an important role for the firm’s success or failure, because it directly affects the overall business health of the firm. This study examined the impact of WCM on profitability and shareholders’ wealth using 50 companies listed in different sectors on the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) for the period from 2010 to 2015. This sample represents 47% of the selected sectors of CSE. The profitability of the company is measured using gross operating profit (GOP) and shareholders wealth measured by Tobin’s Q (TQ) ratio. The WCM is measured using five independent variables namely stock holding period (SHP), debtors’ collection period (DCP), creditors’ settlement period (CSP), cash conversion circle (CCC) and current assets ratio (CAR). Further, three additional variables such as firm size (SIZE), leverage (LEV) and earning yield (EY) are employed as controlling variables to capture the impact of other performance of the companies.The data were analyzed using ordinary least square (OLS) and panel data regression models. These regression models reveal that there is a significant negative relationship between CCC and dependent variables (GOP & TQ). Further, this relationship has been confirmed by the major components of CCC such as SHP, DCP. Firm size also positively and significantly effects on the firm GOP while negatively effects on the TQ. Further, they revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between LEV and TQ. The study finds that the shareholders’ wealth and profitability can be increased through the efficiency of WCM.
Climate change impact on river flow extremes in the Upper Blue Nile River basin
Authors: Meresa Hadush K. , Gatachew Mulusew T.
Published: May 2018

This paper aims to study climate change impact on the hydrological extremes and projected precipitation extremes in far future (2071–2100) period in the Upper Blue Nile River basin (UBNRB). The changes in precipitation extremes were derived from the most recent AFROCORDEX climate data base projection scenarios compared to the reference period (1971–2000). The climate change impacts on the hydrological extremes were evaluated using three conceptual hydrological models: GR4 J, HBV, and HMETS; and two objective functions: NSE and LogNSE. These hydrological models are calibrated and validated in the periods 1971–2000 and 2001–2010, respectively. The results indicate that the wet/dry spell will significantly decrease/increase due to climate change in some sites of the region, while in others, there is increase/decrease in wet/dry spell but not significantly, respectively. The extreme river flow will be less attenuated and more variable in terms of magnitude, and more irregular in terms of seasonal occurrence than at present. Low flows are projected to increase most prominently for lowland sites, due to the combined effects of projected decreases in Belg and Bega precipitation, and projected increases in evapotranspiration that will reduce residual soil moisture in Bega and Belg seasons.
Filamentous bacteria in the nitrifying activated sludge
Authors: Gnida Anna , Żabczyński Sebastian , Surmacz-Górska Joanna
Published: May 2018

Filamentous bacteria in addition to wastewater treatment are responsible for the shape of flocs and sedimentation properties of activated sludge. Their dynamics in activated sludge influences the performance of the whole sewage treatment plant. Therefore the composition of activated sludge biocenosis and its dynamics in the nitrification process were investigated. Four laboratory-scale activated sludge membrane bioreactors fed with wastewater highly concentrated with ammonium (synthetic wastewater imitating landfill leachate) were operated to obtain a high rate of nitrification. The sludge age was 8, 12, 24 and 32 days. An additional fifth reactor was conventionally ammonium loaded at 12-day sludge age and served as the reference. A shift in filamentous bacteria population was observed in all operated reactors. There was no influence of sludge age on composition or abundance of filamentous biocenosis. In high ammonium loaded activated sludge Nostocoida limicola, Haliscomenobacter hydrossis and also Type 021N were the most abundant filamentous bacteria. In the reference reactor Type 021N and Sphaerotilus natans dominated the activated sludge.
Evaluating catchment response to artificial rainfall from four weather generators for present and future climate
Authors: Sørup Hjalte Jomo Danielsen , Davidsen Steffen , Löwe Roland , Thorndahl Søren Liedtke , Borup Morten , Arnbjerg-Nielsen Karsten
Published: May 2018

The technical lifetime of urban water infrastructure has a duration where climate change has to be considered when alterations to the system are planned. Also, models for urban water management are reaching a very high complexity level with, for example, decentralized stormwater control measures being included. These systems have to be evaluated under as close-to-real conditions as possible. Long term statistics (LTS) modelling with observational data is the most close-to-real solution for present climate conditions, but for future climate conditions artificial rainfall time series from weather generators (WGs) have to be used. In this study, we ran LTS simulations with four different WG products for both present and future conditions on two different catchments. For the present conditions, all WG products result in realistic catchment responses when it comes to the number of full flowing pipes and the number and volume of combined sewer overflows (CSOs). For future conditions, the differences in the WGs representation of the expectations to climate change is evident. Nonetheless, all future results indicate that the catchments will have to handle more events that utilize the full capacity of the drainage systems. Generally, WG products are relevant to use in planning of future changes to sewer systems.
Aporphines and Alzheimer’s Disease: Towards a Medical Approach Facing the Future
Authors: Nabavi Seyed Mohammad , Uriarte Eugenio , Rastrelli Luca , Sobarzo-Sánchez Eduardo
Published: May 2018

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that reduces progressively the part cognitive inside the Central Nervous System (CNS) and that affects the memories and emotions of the patients who endure this disease. Many drugs have been assessed in patients with different evolutionary grades of the disease, having diverse results, depending on the used compound. Some of them afford dependence and many others with side effects that affect the emotional part and the economic cost of the treatment. The natural products have diversified their therapeutic uses, and have been used in the treatment of AD in accordance with its easy medical administration and bioavailability. In this review, the use of aporphines in nature for treating Alzheimer's disease, alkaloids isolated from natural and/or synthetic sources have been used principally as cholinesterase inhibitors (acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase) as galantamine, for instance, though its use has been questioned for being slightly effective or marginal. The use of aporphines give the possibility of generating new treatments with nitrogenous chemical structures of diverse complexity and that are focused in this review comparatively and with real therapeutic scopes.
Past and Future of Ga-citrate for Infection and Inflammation Imaging
Authors: Vorster Mariza , Buscombe John , Saad Ziauddin , Sathekge Mike
Published: May 2018

Both 67Ga and 68Ga-citrates are used to detect a wide spectrum of pathology consisting of various inflammatory,
infectious and malignant conditions. Considering the now widespread availability and constantly
increasing demand for PET/CT studies,68Ga-citrate is gaining ground in clinical settings and the added value of
combined metabolic and anatomical imaging achieved by combining PET with Computed Tomography (CT) to
PET/CT makes 68Ga-citrate particularly promising. Despite the tracer's non-specificity, it has demonstrated potential
especially in the evaluation of various infectious and inflammatory skeletal- and lung conditions.

In this review, we will focus on the indications and lessons learned from 67Ga, and present the current status for
the use of 68Ga-citrate PET/CT in selected inflammation and infectious diseases based on the limited literature
available.
Current Status of Molecular Imaging in Infections
Authors: Sollini Martina , Lauri Chiara , Boni Roberto , Lazzeri Elena , Erba Paola Anna , Signore Alberto
Published: May 2018

There is an increased need to find non-invasive tools for early diagnosis and follow-up of infections.
Nuclear medicine techniques may be used to diagnose, localize and evaluate the severity and the extent of infections
before the occurrence of anatomical abnormalities.

This review focuses on different approaches based on radiolabelled cells, peptides and antibodies or [18F]FDG to
image infective diseases in agreement with what is being jointly evaluated by the European Association of Nuclear
Medicine (EANM).

This is particularly relevant, since the EANM has strated a wide program of collaboration with other European
clinical societies to define common diagnostic flow-charts in many of these infective diseases.

It emerges the role of radiolabelled WBC by SPECT/CT for prosthetic joint infections and of FDG by PET/CT
for spondylodiscitis. Comparable values of accuracy have been described for WBC and FDG in the diagnosis of
vascular fgraft infections, diabetic gfoot, endocarditis and peripheral bone osteomyelitis, with some exceptions.