bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structure and mechanism of Escherichia coli glutathionylspermidine amidase belonging to the family of cysteine; histidine‐dependent amidohydrolases/peptidases
Authors: Pai Chien‐Hua , Wu Hsing‐Ju , Lin Chun‐Hung , Wang Andrew H.‐J.
Published: January 2011

The bifunctional Escherichia coli glutathionylspermidine synthetase/amidase (GspSA) catalyzes both the synthesis and hydrolysis of Gsp. Its amidase domain (GspA), which catalyzes the hydrolysis of Gsp into glutathione and spermidine, plays an important role in redox sensing and protein S‐thiolation. To gain insight of the regulation and catalytic mechanism of and further understand the recycling of the Gsp dimer and Gsp‐S‐protein adducts, we solved two crystal structures of GspA and GspSA both with the C59A mutation and bound with the substrate, Gsp. In both structures, Cys59, His131, and Glu147 form the catalytic triad, which is similar to other cysteine proteases. Comparison of the GspA_Gsp complex and apo GspSA structures indicates that on binding with Gsp, the side chains of Asn149 and Gln58 of the amidase domain are induced to move closer to the carbonyl oxygen of the cleaved amide bond of Gsp, thereby participating in catalysis. In addition, the helix‐loop region of GspA, corresponding to the sequence 30YSSLDPQEYEDDA42, involves in regulating the substrate binding. Our previous study indicated that the thiol of Cys59 of GspA is only oxidized to sulfenic acid by H2O2. When comparing the active site of GspA with those of other cysteine proteases, we found that limited space and hydrophobicity of the environment around Cys59 play an important role to inhibit its further oxidation. The structural results presented here not only elucidate the catalytic mechanism and regulation of GspA but also help us to design small molecules to inhibit or probe for the activity of GspA.
Time‐dependent solution of molecular quantum systems using multiwavelet
Authors: Hamada Shinji , Sekino Hideo
Published: January 2011

We solve the time‐dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE), time‐dependent Hartree‐Fock equations (TDHF), and time‐dependent Density Functional Theory DFT(TDDFT) [Runge and Gross, Phys Rev Lett 1984, 52, 997] equations of general electronic/muonic systems using a multiresolution multiwavelet (MRMW) basis set. The stable solution of these timedependent equations with relatively large time step is obtained using the Cayley formalism with the MRMW basis set. The Cayley operator corresponding to each axis is applied to the direct‐product basis set or a subset of the direct‐product basis set to obtain high efficiency for multidimensional cases. The method is tested by applications to the simulation of electron and muon dynamics of simple molecular systems in the framework of Ehrenfest dynamics employing classical point charge nucleus approximation. Stable solutions of the equations for the quantum and classical particles are obtained. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011
Surgical technique enhances the efficiency of robotic hysterectomy
Authors: Feuer Gerald , Hernandez Patricia , Barker James
Published: January 2011

Background

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the benefits and morbidity associated with a novel technique for a hysterectomy designed specifically for a robotic‐assisted laparoscopic procedure. Recent studies have compared robotic‐assisted laparoscopic hysterectomy vs. open hysterectomy. We have developed a surgical technique that has enabled us to efficiently decrease the standard operative time.

Methods

All patients (55) underwent a robotic‐assisted hysterectomy utilizing a novel surgical technique with four specific components, inclusive of the Hem‐o‐lok® locking clip.

Results

This surgical technique has enabled us to efficiently decrease the standard operative time to an average of 80.9 ± 3.44 min with an estimated blood loss of 63.5 ± 3.76 ml and a hospital stay of 1.3 ± 0.15 days, with minimal complications during surgery (1.8%).

Conclusion

We have provided an efficient technique that is safe, easily reproducible and comparable to open hysterectomy operation times. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of a neurosurgical robotic system to make accurate burr holes
Authors: Brodie James , Eljamel Sam
Published: January 2011

Introduction

Neurosurgery has been driven forward by the latest breakthroughs in technology that combine science and engineering. Neurosurgical robotic systems are a good example of such a breakthrough that has several potential advantages over existing techniques. This study sought to evaluate the Pathfinder robotic system in order to establish whether it is capable of carrying out burr hole procedures in specific locations in human skull replicas, along predetermined trajectories and for precise depths.

Methods

Three different registration fiducial configurations (A, B and C) were used on three different skull replicas of patients obtained from CT scan reconstructions. The skull replicas were scanned and the PathFinder robotic arm was used to place burr holes along specific trajectories. Target registration accuracies for surface targets and burr hole placements were measured, and the burr hole depths and trajectories were assessed.

Results

Overall registration errors, surface target registration accuracies, and burr hole target registration accuracies were submillimetric in all three registration fiducial configurations. However, the accuracies recorded in configurations B and C were significantly better than those in configuration A.

Conclusion

Results demonstrated that the robotic system can approach surface and burr hole targets accurately. The accuracy was altered significantly by the configuration of registration fiducials and the robot was a useful tool to steady the surgical drill to place burr holes in specific locations and depth along the programmed trajectory. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Organo bifunctional silane effects on the vibration, thermal, and mechanical properties of a vinyl‐group‐containing silicone rubber/natural rubber/silica compound
Authors: Nga Dang Thi To , Kim Jin Kuk , Kim Kwang‐Jea
Published: January 2011

A bifunctional silane (TESPD) was added to a vinyl‐group‐containing silicone rubber (SR)/natural rubber (NR)/silica compound, and the resulting mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties were compared with those of an NR/silica compound. The addition of TESPD to the silica‐filled SR/NR compound formed an SR‐silane‐silica‐silane‐NR structure that behaved as a ter‐polymer. The addition of SR into the NR improved the mechanical properties (torque maximum, modulus, elongation at break, and hardness) and thermal properties as well as the tan δ values. The SR‐silane‐silica‐silane‐NR structure exhibited advanced properties that are suitable for an automotive engine mount application, which requires good thermal and vibration absorption properties. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
In Vitro Intestinal Bioaccessibility of Alkylglycerols Versus Triacylglycerols as Vehicles of Butyric Acid
Authors: Martín Diana , Morán‐Valero María I. , Señoráns Francisco J. , Reglero Guillermo , Torres Carlos F.
Published: January 2011

Butyric acid has been the subject of much attention last years due to its bioactivity. However, the potential advantages of butyrate are limited by the problem to reach enough plasma concentrations; therefore, pro‐drugs have been proposed as an alternative to natural butyrate. A comparative study on in vitro intestinal digestion of 2,3‐dibutyroil‐1‐O‐octadecyl glycerol (D‐SCAKG) and tributyrin (TB), as potential pro‐drugs of butyric acid, was performed. Aliquots were taken at different times of digestion for studying the extent and rate of hydrolysis of both substrates. The micellar phase (MP) and oily phase (OP) formed in the digestion media were separated and their composition in lipid products was analyzed. Initially, it was confirmed that the in vitro model reproduced physiological results by testing against olive oil as a standard lipid. The progress of in vitro intestinal digestion of D‐SCAKG was slower than that of TB. TB hydrolyzed completely to butyric acid, whereas D‐SCAKG mainly yielded 2‐butyroil‐1‐O‐octadecyl glycerol (M‐SCAKG), followed by butyric acid and 1‐O‐octadecyl glycerol (AKG). The MP from both substrates mainly consisted of butyric acid. Minor levels of M‐SCAKG and AKG were also found in the MP after hydrolysis of D‐SCAKG, the M‐SCAKG being mainly distributed in the OP. Therefore, D‐SCAKG produced a stable form of esterified butyric acid as M‐SCAKG after in vitro intestinal digestion, unlike TB. Additionally, such a product would integrate both bioactive compounds, butyric acid and alkylglycerol, within the same molecule. Free butyric acid and AKG would be also released, which are lipid products of interest as well.
Structured Markovian models for discrete spatial mobile node distribution
Authors: Luís Dotti Fernando , Fernandes Paulo , Nunes Cristina M.
Published: January 2011

The study and characterization of node mobility in wireless networks is extremely important to foresee the node distribution in the network, enabling the creation of suitable models, and thus a more accurate prediction of performance and dependability levels.

In this paper we adopt a structured Markovian formalism, namely SAN (Stochastic Automata Networks), to model and analyze two popular mobility models for wireless networks: the Random Waypoint and Random Direction.

Our modeling considers mobility over a discrete space, i.e., over a space divided in a given number of slots, allowing a suitable analytical representation of structured regions. We represent several important aspects of mobility models, such as varying speed and pause times, and several border behaviors that may take place. One, two, and three-dimensional models are presented. For the two-dimensional models, we show that any regular or irregular convex polygon can be modeled, and we describe several routing strategies in two dimensions.

In all cases, the spatial node distribution obtained from the steady state analysis is presented and whenever analogous results over continuous spaces were available in the literature, the comparison with the ones obtained in this paper is shown to be coherent.

Besides showing the suitability of SAN to model this kind of reality, the paper also contributes to new findings for the modeled mobility models over a noncontinuous space.
Images crossing borders: image and workflow sharing on multiple levels
Authors: Ross Peeter , Pohjonen Hanna
Published: January 2011

Digitalisation of medical data makes it possible to share images and workflows between related parties. In addition to linear data flow where healthcare professionals or patients are the information carriers, a new type of matrix of many-to-many connections is emerging. Implementation of shared workflow brings challenges of interoperability and legal clarity. Sharing images or workflows can be implemented on different levels with different challenges: inside the organisation, between organisations, across country borders, or between healthcare institutions and citizens. Interoperability issues vary according to the level of sharing and are either technical or semantic, including language. Legal uncertainty increases when crossing national borders. Teleradiology is regulated by multiple European Union (EU) directives and legal documents, which makes interpretation of the legal system complex. To achieve wider use of eHealth and teleradiology several strategic documents were published recently by the EU. Despite EU activities, responsibility for organising, providing and funding healthcare systems remains with the Member States. Therefore, the implementation of new solutions requires strong co-operation between radiologists, societies of radiology, healthcare administrators, politicians and relevant EU authorities. The aim of this article is to describe different dimensions of image and workflow sharing and to analyse legal acts concerning teleradiology in the EU.
Globalization and Business Politics in Arab North Africa
Authors: Cammett Melani Claire
Published: January 2011

Can production for global markets help business groups to mobilize collectively? Under what conditions does globalization enable the private sector to develop independent organizational bases and create effective relationships with the state? Focusing on varied Moroccan and Tunisian responses to trade liberalization in the 1990s, Melani Cammett argues that two constitutive dimensions of business-government relations shape business responses to global economic opening: the balance of power between business and the state before economic opening and the preexisting business class structure. These two dimensions combine to form different configurations of business-government relations, including 'distant' and 'close' linkages, leading to divergent interests and, hence, strategic behavior by industrialists. The book also extends the analysis to additional country cases, including India, Turkey, and Taiwan, and examines how different patterns of business-government relations affect processes of industrial upgrading.
Fiscal Challenges
Authors: Garrett Elizabeth , Graddy Elizabeth A. , Jackson Howell E.
Published: January 2011

Fiscal Challenges: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Budget Policy brings together leading experts from a range of disciplines to explore the problems of budget policy. The authors, including top economists, political scientists, historians, psychologists, and legal scholars, together provide a unique, multidisciplinary introduction to the subject. In addition to in-depth analysis of congressional budget procedures and the economics of federal deficits and debt, Fiscal Challenges explores important recent developments in budget policy at the state level and in the European Union. The goal of the volume is to offer readers wide-ranging perspectives on the many different academic disciplines and perspectives that bear on the evaluation of budgetary procedures and their reform.
Creating Socialist Women in Japan
Authors: Mackie Vera
Published: January 2011

This 1997 book tells the inspiring story of a group of women who challenged the expectations of their society in their writings and in their actions. Vera Mackie surveys the developments of socialist women's activism in Japan from the 1900s to the 1930s, in the broader context of the industrial and political development of modern Japan. She outlines the major socialist women's organisations and their debates with their liberal and anarchist sisters. The book also offers close analysis of the political and creative writings of socialist women.
Arthurian Narrative in the Latin Tradition
Authors: Echard Siân
Published: January 2011

Arthurian literature is a popular field, but most of the published work focuses on the vernacular tradition. This book, uniquely, looks at Latin Arthurian works. Geoffrey of Monmouth is treated at length and this is the first book to put him in a context which includes other Latin histories, monastic chronicles, saints' lives and other Latin prose Arthurian narratives. Like Geoffrey's works, most can be associated with the Angevin court of Henry II and by placing these works against the court background, this book both introduces a new set of texts into the Arthurian canon and suggests a way to understand their place in that tradition. The unfamiliar works are summarized for the reader, and there are extensive quotations, with translations, throughout. The result is a thorough exploration of Latin Arthurian narrative in the foundational period for the Arthurian tradition.
Prolegomena to a Middlebrow Arithmetic of Curves of Genus 2
Authors: Cassels J. W. S. , Flynn E. V.
Published: January 2011

The number theoretic properties of curves of genus 2 are attracting increasing attention. This book provides new insights into this subject; much of the material here is entirely new, and none has appeared in book form before. Included is an explicit treatment of the Jacobian, which throws new light onto the geometry of the Kummer surface. The Mordell–Weil group can then be determined for many curves, and in many non-trivial cases all rational points can be found. The results exemplify the power of computer algebra in diophantine contexts, but computer expertise is not assumed in the main text. Number theorists, algebraic geometers and workers in related areas will find that this book offers unique insights into the arithmetic of curves of genus 2.
Creativity in Invention and Design
Authors: Dasgupta Subrata
Published: January 2011

Creativity is a topic that has traditionally interested psychologists, historians and biographers. Developments in cognitive science and artificial intelligence have provided a powerful computational framework in which creativity can be studied and the creative process can be described and explained. In this book, creativity in technology is discussed using such a computational approach. Using an important historical episode in computer technology as a case study, namely the invention of microprogramming by Maurice Wilkes in 1951, the author presents a plausible explanation of the process by which Wilkes may have arrived at his invention. Based on this case study, the author has also proposed some very general hypotheses concerning creativity that appear to corroborate the findings of some psychologists and historians and then suggests that creative thinking is not significantly different in nature from everyday thinking and reasoning.
Medical Statistics from A to Z
Authors: Everitt B. S.
Published: January 2011

From 'Abcissa' to 'Zygosity determination' - this accessible introduction to the terminology of medical statistics describes more than 1500 terms all clearly explained, illustrated and defined in non-technical language, without any mathematical formulae! With the majority of terms revised and updated and the addition of more than 100 brand new definitions, this new edition will enable medical students to quickly grasp the meaning of any of the statistical terms they encounter when reading the medical literature. Furthermore, annotated comments are used judiciously to warn the unwary of some of the common pitfalls that accompany some cherished biomedical statistical techniques. Wherever possible, the definitions are supplemented with a reference to further reading where the reader may gain a deeper insight, so whilst the definitions are easily disgestible, they also provide a stepping stone to a more sophisticated comprehension. Statistical terminology can be quite bewildering for clinicians: this guide will be a lifesaver.
Just Taxes
Authors: Daunton Martin
Published: January 2011

In 1914, taxation was about 10 per cent of GNP; by 1979, taxes had risen to almost half of the total national income, and contributed to the rise of Thatcher. Martin Daunton continues the story begun in Trusting Leviathan, offering an analysis of the politics of acceptance of huge tax rises after the First World War and asks why it did not provoke the same levels of discontent in Britain as it did on the continent. He further questions why acceptance gave way to hostility at the end of this period. Daunton views taxes as the central driving force for equity or efficiency. As such he provides a detailed discussion of their potential in providing revenue for the state, and their use in shaping the social structure and influencing economic growth. Just Taxes places taxation in its proper place, at the centre of modern British history.
Renaissance and Revolt
Authors: Salmon John Hearsey McMillan
Published: January 2011

The essays in this volume place the history of ideas and of literature in early modern France within their social context. They include the author's pioneering and authoritative analyses as well as particular studies of popular revolts. An extensive introduction contrasts the author's methods with other recent approaches, including those of the annaliste school. The stress throughout these essays is on change and discontinuity rather than stability and tradition. Few historians have Professor Salmon's expertise in both intellectual and social history. This volume brings the two together in a manner that shows a lucid, well-crafted exposition of their intricate and overlapping relations.
The Propagation of Radio Waves
Authors: Budden K. G.
Published: January 2011

This book is concerned with the ionosphere and the magnetosphere, and the theory of their effect on radio waves. It includes accounts of some mathematical topics now widely used in this study, particularly W. K. B. approximations, Airy integral functions and integration by steepest descents. The subject is divided into ray theory and full wave theory. Ray theory is useful for high frequencies when the ionosphere is treated as a horizonally stratified medium. The discussion of the magnetosphere, whose structure is more complicated, includes an account of whistlers and ion cyclotron whistlers. The book has been planned both for final year undergraduates and as a reference book for research. It is suitable as a course book on radio propagation for students of physics or electrical engineering or mathematics. Some of the topics are presented from an elementary viewpoint so as to help undergraduates new to the subject. The later parts are more advanced. Because the subject is so large and has seen many important recent advances, some topics have had to be treated briefly, but there is a full bibliography with about 600 references.
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation
Authors: Wilson Barbara A. , Gracey Fergus , Evans Jonathan J. , Bateman Andrew
Published: January 2011

The aim of neuropsychological rehabilitation is to enable people with cognitive, emotional, or behavioural deficits to achieve their maximum potential in the domains of psychological, social, leisure, vocational or everyday functioning. Describing the holistic programme devised and adopted at the world famous Oliver Zangwill Centre and embracing a broad theoretical base, incorporating a variety of frameworks, theories and models, this book proposes an integrated approach to brain injury rehabilitation by an interdisciplinary team. The coverage explains the underlying principles involved, describes the group therapies employed, highlights a selection of real case examples and reviews the outcomes measured and achieved. This book is essential reading for clinical neuropsychologists, clinical psychologists, speech and language therapists, occupational therapists, psychiatrists, neurologists, physiotherapists, social workers and nurses.
District Laboratory Practice in Tropical Countries
Authors: Cheesbrough Monica
Published: January 2011

Changes in the organization of health services in developing countries have led to the district level assuming more responsibility for the planning, delivery and quality of community health care. This fully up-dated new edition has been produced to help those working in the district laboratory, and those responsible for the organization and management of community laboratory services and the training of district laboratory personnel. Replacing the previous publication Medical Laboratory Manual for Tropical Countries, this book provides an up-to-date practical bench manual, taking a modern approach to the provision of a quality medical laboratory service. It includes practical accounts of: organization and staffing of district laboratory services; total quality management; health and safety; equipping district laboratories; parasitological tests, illustrated in colour; clinical chemistry tests; how to plan a training curriculum for district laboratory personnel. Volume 2, published in late 1999, covers microbiological tests, haematological tests and blood transfusion tests.
Cold-Water Corals
Authors: Roberts J. Murray , Wheeler Andrew , Freiwald André , Cairns Stephen
Published: January 2011

There are more coral species in deep, cold-waters than in tropical coral reefs. This broad-ranging treatment is the first to synthesise current understanding of all types of cold-water coral, covering their ecology, biology, palaeontology and geology. Beginning with a history of research in the field, the authors describe the approaches needed to study corals in the deep sea. They consider coral habitats created by stony scleractinian as well as octocoral species. The importance of corals as long-lived geological structures and palaeoclimate archives is discussed, in addition to ways in which they can be conserved. Topic boxes explain unfamiliar concepts, and case studies summarise significant studies, coral habitats or particular conservation measures. Written for professionals and students of marine science, this text is enhanced by an extensive glossary, online resources, and a unique collection of colour photographs and illustrations of corals and the habitats they form.
An Introduction to Modern Welfare Economics
Authors: Johansson Per-Olov
Published: January 2011

This is the first book in welfare economics to be primarily intended for undergraduates and non-specialists. Concepts such as Pareto optimality in a market economy, the compensation criterion, and the social welfare function are explored in detail. Market failures are analysed by using different ways of measuring welfare changes. The book also examines public choice, and the issues of provision of public goods, median voter equilibrium, government failures, efficient and optimal taxation, and intergenerational equity. The three final chapters are devoted to applied welfare economics: methods for revealing people's preferences, cost-benefit analysis, and project evaluation in a risky world. The book is intended for introductory and intermediate courses in welfare economics, microeconomics, and public economics. It will also be suitable for courses in health economics, environmental economics, and cost-benefit analysis, as well as those undertaking project evaluations in government agencies and private firms.
Religion and Public Doctrine in Modern England
Authors: Cowling Maurice
Published: January 2011

In Volume 1 of Religion and Public Doctrine in Modern England, Maurice Cowling defined the principles according to which the intellectual history of modern England should be written and argued that the history of Christianity was of primary importance. In this volume, which is self-contained, he makes a further contribution to understanding the role which Christianity has played in modern English thought. The book is unusual in its concentration on argument. Cowling relates Christian argument to secular argument and secular argument to Christian argument, discussing Tractarianism and Ultramontanism in the context of secular humanism and pessimistic illusionlessness, and vice versa. The roles of science and history are discussed. The book is given coherence by the connected ideas of the ubiquity of religion, of literature as an instrument of religious indoctrination, and of the intimacy of the connections between the political, philosophical, literary and religious assumptions that are to be found among the leaders of the English intelligentsia.
Fractal Concepts in Surface Growth
Authors: Barabási A.- L. , Stanley H. E.
Published: January 2011

This book brings together two of the most exciting and widely studied subjects in modern physics: namely fractals and surfaces. To the community interested in the study of surfaces and interfaces, it brings the concept of fractals. To the community interested in the exciting field of fractals and their application, it demonstrates how these concepts may be used in the study of surfaces. The authors cover, in simple terms, the various methods and theories developed over the past ten years to study surface growth. They describe how one can use fractal concepts successfully to describe and predict the morphology resulting from various growth processes. Consequently, this book will appeal to physicists working in condensed matter physics and statistical mechanics, with an interest in fractals and their application. The first chapter of this important new text is available on the Cambridge Worldwide Web server: http://www.cup.cam.ac.uk/onlinepubs/Textbooks/textbookstop.html
New Directions in Dynamical Systems
Authors: Bedford T. , Swift H.
Published: January 2011

Dynamical systems is an area of intense research activity and one which finds application in many other areas of mathematics. This volume comprises a collection of survey articles that review several different areas of research. Each paper is intended to provide both an overview of a specific area and an introduction to new ideas and techniques. The authors have been encouraged to include a selection of open questions as a spur to further research. Topics covered include global bifurcations in chaotic o.d.e.s, knotted orbits in differential equations, bifurcations with symmetry, renormalization and universality, and one-dimensional dynamics. Articles include comprehensive lists of references to the research literature and consequently the volume will provide an excellent guide to dynamical systems research for graduate students coming to the subject and for research mathematicians.
Trinity and Truth
Authors: Marshall Bruce D.
Published: January 2011

Two closely related questions receive distinctively theological answers in this study: What is truth? and How can we tell whether what we have said is true? Bruce Marshall proposes that the Christian community's identification of God as the Trinity serves as the key to a theologically adequate treatment of these questions. Professor Marshall argues on trinitarian grounds that the Christian way of identifying God ought to have unrestricted primacy when it comes to the justification of belief, and he proposes a trinitarian way of reshaping the concept of truth. Direct engagement with the current philosophical debate about truth, meaning and belief (in Quine and others) suggests that a trinitarian account of epistemic justification and truth is also more philosophically compelling than the approaches generally favoured in modern theology, as exemplified by Schleiermacher, Ritschl, Rahner and others. Marshall offers a contemporary way of conceiving of the Christian God as 'the truth'.
The Syntax of Early English
Authors: Fischer Olga , Kemenade Ans van , Koopman Willem , Wurff Wim van der
Published: January 2011

This book is a guide to the development of English syntax between the Old and Modern periods. Beginning with an overview of the main features of early English syntax, it gives a unified account of the grammatical changes occurring in the language during this period. Written by four leading experts in English historical syntax, the book demonstrates the ways in which syntactic change takes place and how these changes can be explained in terms of grammatical theory and language acquisition. The authors draw upon a wealth of empirical data and through a series of well-selected case studies they cover a wide range of topics including changes in word order, infinitival constructions and grammaticalization processes. This invaluable introduction to the significant changes in early English syntax will appeal to students and researchers in historical linguistics, theoretical linguistics and the history of English.
Urban Economic Theory
Authors: Fujita Masahisa
Published: January 2011

This book examines the economic reasons why people choose to live where they live and develops, through analysis of the bid rent function, a unified theory of urban land use and city size. The first part of the book explicates the basic theory of urban land use and optimal city size. Residential location behavior of households is examined in a microeconomic framework and equilibrium and optimal patterns of residential land use are discussed. The corresponding equilibrium and optimal city sizes are studied in a variety of contexts. Part Two extends the classical theories of von Thunen and Alonso with the addition of externality factors such as local public goods, crowding and congestion, and racial prejudice. The rigorous mathematical approach and theoretical treatment of the material make Urban Economic Theory of interest to researchers in urban economics, location theory, urban geography, and urban planning.
Old Highways in China
Authors: Williamson Isabelle
Published: January 2011

In 1873, the Christian missionary Isabelle Williamson set out from Chefoo (Yantai),China, to spread the gospel to Chinese women. Her four separate journeys along the ancient roads of Shandong Province and Beijing are recorded in Old Highways in China (1884), a chronicle of the everyday lives of the women to whom she preached. 'My interest was chiefly in the women', Williamson explains, 'and I looked at all through a woman's eyes'. Reserving her missionary work for another publication, Williamson devotes this keenly observed book to the details of life in the villages she visited - the work, play, rituals, and stories of women and girls. It also describes Williamson's own remarkable travels, set against the stunning natural backdrop of northern China. An important witness to women's missionary work in China, her book is also testament to the intelligent eye of its author as she seeks to portray 'China's daughters'.
The Central Arawaks
Authors: Farabee William Curtis
Published: January 2011

In 1913, ethnologist and explorer William Curtis Farabee set out to document the Arawak tribes of northern Brazil and southern British Guiana, a three-year journey that led him far into the unmapped regions of the Amazon River basin. His meticulous observations comprise The Central Arawaks, first published in 1918 and still one of the most comprehensive accounts of the peoples living along the northern tributaries of the Amazon River. The Wapisiana, Ataroi, Taruma, and Mapidian tribes numbered fewer than 1,500 at the time of Farabee's voyage; his detailed record of their daily life preserves a vision of these vulnerable cultures at a crucial point in their history, offering insight into their languages, social structures, and cosmologies. A testament to an ethnologist whose achievements were once hailed as 'monumental', this reissued edition also brings renewed attention to William Farabee, whose influence on Anglo-American anthropological exploration is still felt today.
Handbook to the Natural History of Cambridgeshire
Authors: Marr John Edward , Shipley Arthur Everett
Published: January 2011

This early twentieth-century guide to the geography and geology, fauna and flora of Cambridgeshire was written during a period when natural history played a particularly prominent role in British cultural life. The heart of the book is a comprehensive survey of the diversity of animal life in the region, focussing particularly on the insect orders. It also includes chapters on vertebrate palaeontology and archaeology. Two maps show locations of discovery of ancient skulls, as well as important ancient roads that cross the county. There are additional botanical and geological maps. The book provides a valuable baseline for present-day studies of biodiversity or the effects of climate change, and will also appeal to local enthusiasts with an interest in environmental history.
The Bowdler Shakespeare
Authors: Shakespeare William
Published: January 2011

'The Family Shakspeare: in which nothing is added to the original text, but those words and expressions are omitted which cannot with propriety be read in a family.' These words on the title pages of this edition gave rise to the verb 'to bowdlerise' - to remove or modify text considered vulgar or objectionable. Although the first edition was in fact created by Henrietta Maria Bowdler (1750–1830) and published in 1807, the many subsequent editions were published under the name of her brother Thomas (1754–1825), who devoted his time to prison reform and chess, as well as the sanitising of Shakespeare. The Bowdlers' work became enormously popular as the scandal-ridden Regency gave way to Victorian respectability. This volume, from the 1853 edition, contains The Tempest, Two Gentlemen of Verona, The Merry Wives of Windsor, Twelfth Night, Measure for Measure, Much Ado about Nothing and A Midsummer Night's Dream.
Discoveries of the World
Authors: Galvano António
Published: January 2011

The publications of the Hakluyt Society (founded in 1846) made available edited (and sometimes translated) early accounts of exploration. The first series, which ran from 1847 to 1899, consists of 100 books containing published or previously unpublished works by authors from Christopher Columbus to Sir Francis Drake, and covering voyages to the New World, to China and Japan, to Russia and to Africa and India. This volume, published in 1862, contains a sixteenth-century Portuguese text first published in translation by Hakluyt himself in 1601; both the original Portuguese and a modified version of Hakluyt's translation are given on each page. The author, António Galvano (1503–1557), distinguished himself as Governor of the Moluccas, but fell out of favour on his return to Portugal and died in poverty. His book traces the history of exploration from 'the time of the Flood' to 1555.
Elements of Natural Philosophy
Authors: Thomson William , Tait P. G.
Published: January 2011

In 1867, Sir William Thomson (later Lord Kelvin) and Peter Guthrie Tate revolutionised physics with the publication of their Treatise on Natural Philosophy, in which they demonstrated the centrality of energy conservation to systems of dynamic movement. Popularly known as 'T&T' for its authors' initials, the Treatise became the standard textbook on natural philosophy, introducing generations of mathematicians to the 'new energy-based dynamics'. In Elements of Natural Philosophy (1873), they distil the portions of the Treatise not requiring higher calculus into a primer suitable for use in university courses. The first half covers the basic principles of kinematics and dynamics, including the motion of points, lines, and volumes, while the second half concerns questions of 'abstract dynamics', including particle attraction. The result of one of the most important collaborations in modern physics, this book remains a thorough introduction to the major principles of Thomson and Tait's larger work.
Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan
Authors: Bird Isabella
Published: January 2011

Isabella Bishop (née Bird) published her Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan in 1891, compiled from a series of letters home. Recommended an open-air life from an early age as a cure for physical and nervous difficulties, Bird toured the United States and Canada, New Zealand, Australia, and the Far East. After her marriage, and her husband's death, she did missionary work in India and, in 1890, travelled to little-known parts of Turkey, Persia and Kurdistan. This was her most challenging journey, with extremes of temperature and harsh living conditions for the sixty-year-old, although she was able to provide medical care for the local people. Despite vicissitudes, her passion for travel is clear throughout. Volume 2 of this fascinating account continues into Kurdistan and towards the end on the Black Sea. The appendices include prayers from Mecca and a record of her itinerary, including journey times.
The Chronicle of the Discovery and Conquest of Guinea
Authors: Zurara Gomes Eanes de
Published: January 2011

The publications of the Hakluyt Society (founded in 1846) made available edited (and sometimes translated) early accounts of exploration. The first series, which ran from 1847 to 1899, consists of 100 books containing published or previously unpublished works by authors from Christopher Columbus to Sir Francis Drake, and covering voyages to the New World, to China and Japan, to Russia and to Africa and India. Gomes Eanes de Zurara (c.1410–1474) was a Portuguese writer appointed to chronicle the life of Prince Henry the Navigator (1394–1460) and the expeditions he sponsored. Zurara's chronicle of the discovery of Guinea appeared in this two-volume English translation in 1896–1899. The editors' preface includes an account of the voyages of exploration along the African coast sponsored by Prince Henry until 1448, together with biographical information about the author. Volume 1 contains chapters 1–40 of the Chronicle.
The English Church in the Fourteenth Century
Authors: Pantin William Abel
Published: January 2011

This 1955 book is an expanded version of Pantin's 1948 Birkbeck Lectures on the English church in the fourteenth century. The period saw great changes, in part due to the Black Death and its consequences. The work is divided into three parts. In the first, Pantin examines social and political aspects of the church, such as the make up of the episcopacy, and the influence of the crown on church affairs. In the second he deals with the intellectual activities and culture of the church in a time of change and controversy, as university education became more common for priests and monks. The final section discusses the religious literature of the period, for both clergy and laity, and the growth of the mystical tradition in England. The result is a scholarly but accessible account of the church at a time of rapid change.
Shakespeare’s Hand in the Play of Sir Thomas More
Authors: Pollard Alfred W. , Greg W. W. , Thompson E. Maunde , Wilson J. Dover
Published: January 2011

First published in 1923, this book consists of a series of papers written by Pollard, W. W. Greg, E. Maunde Thompson, J. Dover Wilson, and R. W. Chambers, all advocates of the then newly-established New Bibliography. The book was assembled with the intention of strengthening the argument that three pages of Sir Thomas More in the Harleian Manuscript at the British Museum were written in Shakespeare's own hand. The well-established scholars examine the case from several different angles, considering the handwriting in comparison to the known versions of Shakespeare's signature, the bibliographical links between these three pages and the 'good' quartos, and the content of the pages in relation to political ideas expressed elsewhere in Shakespeare. The volume also includes plates of Shakespeare's signatures, analysis of individual letter shapes and parts of the manuscript, and a special transcript of the pages in question.
Eustathii Commentarii ad Homeri Iliadem
Authors: Eustathius
Published: January 2011

Johann Stallbaum (1793–1861) published Eustathii Commentarii ad Homeri Iliadem in four volumes between 1827 and 1830. It contains the Greek text of Eustathius of Thessalonica's twelfth-century commentary on Homer's Iliad. Volume 1 (1827) contains books 1–4 of the commentary. The work is primarily a collection of extracts from much earlier authors. Eustathius' position as archbishop of Thessalonica and professor of rhetoric in Constantinople gave him access to libraries rich in ancient texts, many no longer extant. His commentary is one of the best sources of ancient Homeric scholia and preserves many otherwise lost extracts from writers such as Aristarchus of Samothrace, Zenodotus of Ephesus, and Aristophanes of Byzantium. Stallbaum's edition is a revised and corrected version of the Editio Romana of Majoranus (1542–1550). It has been an essential tool for generations of classical and Byzantine scholars. It is a great achievement of nineteenth-century scholarship.
Ruling Europe
Authors: Heipertz Martin , Verdun Amy , Juncker Jean-Claude
Published: January 2011

The Stability and Growth Pact (SGP) is central to Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) in Europe. Initiated by Germany in 1995 and adopted in 1997, it regulates the fiscal policies of European Union Member States. Following numerous violations of its deficit reference value, the Pact's Excessive Deficit Procedure was suspended in 2003. The decision to suspend was brought before the European Court of Justice in 2004 and the SGP then underwent painstaking reform in 2005. After a period of economic prosperity and falling budgetary deficits, the global economic crisis put the system under renewed stress. Ruling Europe presents a comprehensive analysis of the political history of the SGP as the cornerstone of EMU. It examines the SGP through different theoretical lenses, offering a fascinating study of European integration and institutional design. One cannot understand the Euro without first understanding the SGP.
Economics in Urban Conservation
Authors: Lichfield Nathaniel
Published: January 2011

The role of economics in urban conservation is relatively underdeveloped. Professor Lichfield has added to his other pioneering studies in this innovative and important exposition of approach, method and techniques for the systematic application of economics in the conservation of urban areas. In order to establish an appropriate base for the economic analysis and application in parts III, IV and V of the book, the opening sections provide essential background information about the management and planning for conservation in the urban system in general and examine the special place of the cultural built heritage: those building and objects chosen by society for particular protection. Written in a highly accessible style, Economics in Urban Conservation makes a major contribution to an understanding of how economics in conservation can help in achieving a sensible balance between continuity and change in the built environment.
Observing and Cataloguing Nebulae and Star Clusters
Authors: Steinicke Wolfgang
Published: January 2011

The New General Catalogue, originally created in 1888, is the source for referencing bright nebulae and star clusters, both in professional and amateur astronomy. With 7840 entries, it is the most-used historical catalogue of observational astronomy, and NGC numbers are commonly used today. However, the fascinating history of the discovery, observation, description and cataloguing of nebulae and star clusters in the nineteenth century has largely gone untold, until now. This well-researched book is the first comprehensive historical study of the NGC, and is an important resource to all those with an interest in the history of modern astronomy and visual deep-sky observing. It covers the people, observatories, instruments and methods involved in nineteenth-century visual deep-sky observing, as well as prominent deep-sky objects. The book also compares the NGC to modern object data, demonstrating how important the NGC is in observational astronomy today.
Handbook of Drugs in Intensive Care
Authors: Paw Henry , Shulman Rob
Published: January 2011

Numerous treatment options are available to intensive care staff; this requires detailed knowledge of routes of administration and contra-indications to use in certain clinical conditions. Now in its fourth edition, this concise, practical handbook to drugs and prescribing for intensive care gives up-to-date advice on established drugs as well as providing advice on those recently approved. The book is divided into two sections: an A-Z guide to many of the drugs available, with concise information on each drug, including uses, limitations, administration directions and adverse effects. The second section contains topics relevant to the critically ill patients, including factors that may affect drug prescribing and management of medical emergencies. There is also a key data section showing weight conversions, BMI and corresponding dosage calculations, and an invaluable chart indicating drug compatibility for IV administration. This is an invaluable resource for doctors, nurses, and pharmacists caring for critically ill patients.
Essentials of Short-Range Wireless
Authors: Hunn Nick
Published: January 2011

For engineers, product designers, and technical marketers who need to design a cost-effective, easy-to-use, short-range wireless product that works, this practical guide is a must-have. It explains and compares the major wireless standards - Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, 802.11abgn, ZigBee, and 802.15.4 - enabling you to choose the best standard for your product. Packed with practical insights based on the author's 10 years of design experience, and highlighting pitfalls and trade-offs in performance and cost, this book will ensure you get the most out of your chosen standard by teaching you how to tailor it for your specific implementation. With information on intellectual property rights and licensing, production test, and regulatory approvals, as well as analysis of the market for wireless products, this resource truly provides everything you need to design and implement a successful short-range wireless product.