bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Globalization on Sustainable Land Use and Farming System in the Rural Development
Authors: Rozi Fachrur , Adi Anggraeni Elisabeth Dian , Adri Adri , Yardha Yardha , Firdaus Firdaus , Rina Darsani Yanti
Published: June 2023

Globalization can accelerate development while, at the same time, negatively impacting nations that are not ready. Globalization benefits rural communities organizing the citizens’ life order systematically. Exploiting land use to fulfill human needs is a result of globalization’s effects on economic activity. Agricultural and industrial sectors must increase production reasonably and suitably. There is a gray area of needs due to the dependency on the land resources use, which causes rivalry in procuring production inputs for each sector and has a significant effect on the agricultural industry. Transformation of human, environmental, financial, and institutional resources for rural agriculture by implementing effective and efficient agricultural modernization will reduce globalization’s negative effects. Smart farming applies modern technology to agriculture in order to achieve more productive and sustainable agricultural production. Agricultural land intensifi¬cation initiatives must be improved through the best use of technological innovation and agricultural infrastructure. Competition for resource utilization causes changes or decreases in land resources quality, which can be anticipated by technological capacities and capabilities, and adaptive capacity to innovations. Unhealthy competition must be eliminated, even these sectors will help each other because of government policy instruments so that the goal of rural sustainable agricultural growth will be achieved.
Wear Properties of High-Hardness Tool Steel by Directed Energy Deposition Based Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Kim Sungwook , Chun Chang-Keun
Published: June 2023

Recently, with the increase in the application of UHSS plates in automobiles, the service life of existing molds is being shortened, and directed energy deposited type 3D printing technology is being considered as a way to extend the service life. In this study, in order to improve the service life of cold molds, the wear characteristics of the deposited parts using composition systems were analysed, and the possibility of practical application was estimated through evaluation with shear molds.
Since the high hardness of AM layer can be reached without additional heat treatment, it was expected to improve the service life when applied to the surface of the mold. Through the wear evaluation of the ball-on-disk method, it was confirmed the wear performance improvement of M4, and as a result of the shear mold life evaluation of 1.5 GPa class high-strength automotive steel plate for the M4 deposited, it was found that shear up to 17,000 strokes were possible. When the number of strokes was increased, a fracture layer due to deposition was observed in the cross-section of the mold surface, and it is believed that additional heat treatment research is required to improve the life of the AM mold.
Functional annotation of uncharacterized proteins from Fusobacterium nucleatum: identification of virulence factors
Authors: Rauthan Kanchan , Joshi Saranya , Kumar Lokesh , Goel Divya , Kumar Sudhir
Published: June 2023

Fusobacterium nucleatum is a gram-negative bacteria associated with diverse infections like appendicitis and colorectal cancer. It mainly attacks the epithelial cells in the oral cavity and throat of the infected individual. It has a single circular genome of 2.7 Mb. Many proteins in F. nucleatum genome are listed as “Uncharacterized.” Annotation of these proteins is crucial for obtaining new facts about the pathogen and deciphering the gene regulation, functions, and pathways along with discovery of novel target proteins. In the light of new genomic information, an armoury of bioinformatic tools were used for predicting the physicochemical parameters, domain and motif search, pattern search, and localization of the uncharacterized proteins. The programs such as receiver operating characteristics determine the efficacy of the databases that have been employed for prediction of different parameters at 83.6%. Functions were successfully assigned to 46 uncharacterized proteins which included enzymes, transporter proteins, membrane proteins, binding proteins, etc. Apart from the function prediction, the proteins were also subjected to string analysis to reveal the interacting partners. The annotated proteins were also put through homology-based structure prediction and modeling using Swiss PDB and Phyre2 servers. Two probable virulent factors were also identified which could be investigated further for potential drug-related studies. The assigning of functions to uncharacterized proteins has shown that some of these proteins are important for cell survival inside the host and can act as effective drug targets.
Bioinformatic analyses reveal the prognostic significance and potential role of ankyrin 3 (ANK3) in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Somsuan Keerakarn , Aluksanasuwan Siripat
Published: June 2023

Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is one of the most aggressive cancer type of the urinary system. Metastatic KIRC patients have poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Ankyrin 3 (ANK3) is a scaffold protein that plays important roles in maintaining physiological function of the kidney and its alteration is implicated in many cancers. In this study, we investigated differential expression of ANK3 in KIRC using GEPIA2, UALCAN, and HPA databases. Survival analysis was performed by GEPIA2, Kaplan-Meier plotter, and OSkirc databases. Genetic alterations of ANK3 in KIRC were assessed using cBioPortal database. Interaction network and functional enrichment analyses of ANK3-correlated genes in KIRC were performed using GeneMANIA and Shiny GO, respectively. Finally, the TIMER2.0 database was used to assess correlation between ANK3 expression and immune infiltration in KIRC. We found that ANK3 expression was significantly decreased in KIRC compared to normal tissues. The KIRC patients with low ANK3 expression had poorer survival outcomes than those with high ANK3 expression. ANK3 mutations were found in 2.4% of KIRC patients and were frequently co-mutated with several genes with a prognostic significance. ANK3-correlated genes were significantly enriched in various biological processes, mainly involved in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway, in which positive correlations of ANK3 with PPARA and PPARG expressions were confirmed. Expression of ANK3 in KIRC was significantly correlated with infiltration level of B cell, CD8+ T cell, macrophage, and neutrophil. These findings suggested that ANK3 could serve as a prognostic biomarker and promising therapeutic target for KIRC.
Assessing the impact of recombination on the estimation of isolation-with-migration models using genomic data: a simulation study
Authors: Chung Yujin
Published: June 2023

Recombination events complicate the evolutionary history of populations and species and have a significant impact on the inference of isolation-with-migration (IM) models. However, several existing methods have been developed, assuming no recombination within a locus and free recombination between loci. In this study, we investigated the effect of recombination on the estimation of IM models using genomic data. We conducted a simulation study to evaluate the consistency of the parameter estimators with up to 1,000 loci and analyze true gene trees to examine the sources of errors in estimating the IM model parameters. The results showed that the presence of recombination led to biased estimates of the IM model parameters, with population sizes being more overestimated and migration rates being more underestimated as the number of loci increased. The magnitude of the biases tended to increase with the recombination rates when using 100 or more loci. On the other hand, the estimation of splitting times remained consistent as the number of loci increased. In the absence of recombination, the estimators of the IM model parameters remained consistent.
Evaluation of Diagnostic Accuracy of HACOR Score in Predicting the Success Rate of CPAP in Patients with COVID-19-Induced Hypoxemia
Authors: Jahangiri Mehr Azam , Mehri Zahra , Adineh Mohammad , Nematollahzadeh Zohreh
Published: June 2023

Background: In coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated hypoxemic acute respiratory failure (ARF) may require continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and having an appropriate criterion for early diagnosis and prediction of CPAP failure or success can significantly reduce the mortality of these patients. Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of heart rate, acidosis, consciousness, oxygenation, and respiratory rate (HACOR) score in predicting the success rate of CPAP in patients with COVID-19 induced hypoxemia. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 adult patients aged 63.23 ± 16.23 years with mild to moderate acute respiratory failure (COVID-19), partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2) < 300 mmHg, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaCO2) < 45 mmHg from March 21 to November 21, 2021. The patients were admitted to the respiratory intensive care unit (RICU) of Khatam Al-Anbia (PBUH) Hospital in Shoushtar (southwestern Iran) and were subjected to CPAP for respiratory support. The HACOR score was calculated one hour after the CPAP onset. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 22) using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, t-test, pair t-tests, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value indices were used to determine the diagnostic performance of the method. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: The mean HACOR score one hour after the onset of CPAP was 3.50 ± 1.57 (P < 0.001), with a mean of 153.84 ± 27.42 mmHg PaO2/fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) ratio (P < 0.001). The cut-off point for the HACOR score one hour after CPAP was 5, which had a sensitivity of 98.06% (94.45% - 99.60%) and a specificity of 83.33% (68.64% - 93.03%). Out of 200 patients, 157 patients (78.5%) had CPAP failure, and 43 patients (21.5%) underwent treatment. The diagnostic accuracy values of the HACOR score and PaO2/FiO2 ratio for predicting CPAP failure were 94.92% and 95.96%, respectively. Conclusions: Our findings support that although the HACOR score had a good diagnostic performance in predicting the success rate of CPAP in patients with COVID-19-induced hypoxemia, PaO2/FiO2 ratio was also shown to be a good predictor of success.
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN PROKSIMAT COOKIES TEPUNG TEMPE
Authors: Madani Arifah , Fertiasari Rini , Tritisari Angga , Safitri Nurhayati
Published: June 2023

Tempe adalah suatu olahan pangan yang dihasilkan dari proses fermentasi kacang kedelai rebus. Pada proses pengolahan tempe dilakukan dalam beberapa waktu dengan bantuan jamur Rhizopus sp. Tempe memiliki nilai gizi lebih baik dibandingkan kedelai yang masih mentah. Akan tetapi, umur simpan pada tempe sangat rendah. Agar tempe menjadi tahan lama, salah satu alternatif pengolahannya, yaitu dengan menjadi tepung tempe untuk meningkatkan kandungan gizi cookies. Cookies merupakan salah satu produk olahan yang banyak dikonsumsi dengan bahan utamanya yaitu tepung terigu. Tujuan penelitian penelitian yang dilakukan adalah untuk memformulasikan cookies dengan berbahan dasar tepung terigu dan tepung tempe. Penentuan cookies terbaik, yaitu berdasarkan tingkat kesukaan panelis pada uji organoleptik, selanjutnya dilakukan uji proksimat. Hasil dari pengujian kadar air pada tepung tempe sebesar 6,88%. Hasil pengujian organoleptik menunjukkan cookies F3 (tepung tempe 25% dan tepung terigu 75%) merupakan cookies yang paling disukai. Hasil uji proksimat pada cookies F3 menunjukkan kadar air 3,37%, kadar abu 1,81%, karbohidrat 36,7%, lemak 26,36%, protein 14,5%, serat kasar 0,0513% dan mengandung kalori 511,08 kkal.
Realismo político en los inicios de la República del Perú
Authors: Cabrera Abanto Percy , Campos Arenas José María , Sáenz Becerra Carlos Alberto , Cano Inugay Jerry Meichi , Vizcarra Junco Julio Raymundo
Published: June 2023

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo mostrar la aplicación de la teoría del realismo político en las relaciones internacionales, en el contexto de los inicios de la república, finalizada la guerra de independencia, por el Presidente del Perú General José de La Mar. Se elaboró un marco teórico sobre el realismo político, con referencias a autores como Clulow y Morgenthau para tener una base científica desde la cual analizar e interpretar los hechos históricos expuestos por Basadre, Concha, la Revista de Estudios Histórico Militares y publicaciones de la Biblioteca Nacional del Ecuador. Todo lo cual permite llegar a concluir en la visión realista de la política exterior del General La Mar y los factores que le impidieron materializarla en su totalidad, así como recomendar el estudio de esta teoría política para su aplicación en las relaciones internacionales del Perú.
Presentación de la Revista Cuadernos de Trabajo N° 23
Authors: Zegarra López Fernando Elías
Published: June 2023

Descripción del contenido de la Revista Cuadernos de Trabajo N° 23 sobre "El Campo Político de la Seguridad Nacional"
Geochemical Characterization of Silica Sand in the Sidenreng Rappang Area Based on X-Ray Diffraction Analysis and X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis
Authors: Bakri Suriyanto , Anas Muhammad , Wakila Muhamad Hardin , Chalik Citra Aulian
Published: June 2023

Silica sand is one of the mineral materials whose presence in nature is very abundant and can be utilized in various applications, but this material is still mixed with other elements. In the chemical element on the periodic table silica is symbolized (Si). The purpose of this study was to determine the types of minerals present in silica sand and to determine the percentage of silica sand mineral content. The research location is in the area of ​​Sidenreng Rappang Regency, Sidrap is a district in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. This research method uses XRD and XRF analysis methods. From the results of research on minerals contained in silica sand, among others, Albite and pyroxene. With mineral content that predominates in silica sand, among others, the albite mineral from sample 1 is 23.2%, sample 2 is 32.2% and sample 3 is 13.5% while the Pyroxene mineral from sample 1 is 17.6%. , sample 2 of 13.5% and sample 3 of 17.0%.
Contested Community Participation in the Governance of Marine Resources in the Mafia Island Marine Park, Tanzania: A Political Chicanery
Authors:   Department of Sociology & Anthropology,The University of Dodoma, Ishengoma Nelson M.
Published: June 2023

It is almost two and half decades since the government of Tanzania established the Mafia Island Marine Park. Guided by the principle of participatory resource governance, this significant socio-economic move was expected to promote sustainable marine resource use and conserve ecosystem processes and biodiversity. However, this is contrary to what is befalling today. This qualitative study sought to examine how this cardinal governance rule was applied during the establishment of the park and how the nature of its execution could have a bearing on the current exhaustion and destructive course. The study used focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, life histories, and observations to collect data. Both, manual content analysis and software-aided qualitative data analysis (Nvivo—12) were applied to gain a sense of the data. The findings of the study indicate that the current unsustainable marine resource practices in the park are, in some measure, a result of inconsiderate, poor, and disingenuous participation exercised during and after the inception of the park in 1995. The study recommends a democratically genuine participatory process in which the most affected, collectively or individually, actively decide on the course of action to address their genuine concerns.
Power Dynamics in Higher Education Policy Reforms in Tanzania, 1990s-2010s: Actors and Interests
Authors:   Department of History, Political Science and Development Studies, Dar es Salaam University College of Education, Dini Shafii
Published: June 2023

The education policy domain has attracted the concern of many writers in Tanzania. Although much has been documented on educational reforms, there is scarcity of scholarly works on the politics of higher education policy reforms. In light of this context, this article analyses power dynamics in higher education policy reform processes in Tanzania. Drawing from pluralist theory, elite interviews and documentary analysis, the study reveals that, although donors and the Government of Tanzania emerged as central actors in the policy process, with donors having overriding powers in shaping the policy direction and content especially in 1990s and 2000s, Tanzania higher education policy is an outcome of competing demands and interests as different actors struggle to negotiate space in country’s politics and policy process. The article recommends mitigation of overbearing external influence in higher education policy reforms.
Evaluasi Pembelajaran Membaca Permulaan Siswa Kelas Rendah di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Magdalena Ina , Ulyah Emaliah Samhatul , Fitriya Devi , Pujianti Pujianti
Published: June 2023

This study aims to evaluate leraning to read Indonesian beginning in class II at Pondok Kacang Timur 03 Elementary School. This research uses a descriptive evaluation method with a qualitative approach. The data collected includes interviews with teachers and students, observation of evaluation activities. The results showed that the evaluation of early reading learning in the school used an outcome evaluation which consisted of formative and summative evaluations. Formative evaluation is carried out through oral tests, while summative evaluation is carried out through objective tests. Process evaluation is carried out t review the planning, implementation, and management of the learning process. Evaluation of students reading development is divided into process evaluation and product evaluation. Evaluation of learning outcomes inludes cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects. This study provides an overview of the evaluation of early reading learning in grade II at Pondok Kacang Timur Elementary School and can be used as a basis for improving the process of learning to read at that school.
A Comprehensive Survey on Blockchain Technology Applications in Different Sectors of Pakistan to Develop Smart Cities
Authors:   Superior University Lahore, Imtiaz Ahsan , Shehzad Danish ,   Superior University Lahore, Khan Imran ,   Superior University Lahore, Imran Ali ,   Superior University Lahore, Arif Muhammad ,   Superior University Lahore
Published: June 2023

A smart city is an amalgamation of various task-oriented systems and technologies that strive to evolve and adapt according to the needs of the city and its infrastructure. These systems aim to provide citizens with efficient services, tackle urban challenges through data-driven analytical means, and minimize the need for human intervention. One technology that can assist in achieving these goals is Blockchain. Blockchain's decentralization of assets can simplify costly and time-consuming processes, minimize expenses, and enhance transparency, security, and data integration. However, being a relatively new technology, Blockchain faces regulatory hurdles which can be attributed to incomplete knowledge of infrastructure by governing organizations. This lack of understanding often leads to confusion while comprehending different infrastructure elements, hindering problem-solving efforts. In this paper, we analyze different sectors of smart cities and their challenges in Pakistan. We also examine the existing parameters to establish the smart city and their way of upgrading infrastructure technology.
Dynamics of Ice Nucleation along the Central Himalaya, Skardu, Pakistan
Authors:   Ph.D. Scholar, National College of Business Administration & Economics Lahore, Pakistan, Khan Ali Akber , Ahmed1 Iftekhar ,   Environmental Management, National College of Business Administration & Economics Lahore,       Pakistan
Published: June 2023

Freshwater resources are precipitation and ice nucleation, which are vulnerable in environmental density with increasing human population and anthropogenic inclined indulgence, leading to the threat of complete disappearance of ice cover. Regarding global prospects, the Himalayas have grave significance regarding ice resources, and Pakistan's dependency upon fresh water from ice covers is more than 70%. Investigation of ice nucleation in the central Himalayas and Skardu regions in Pakistan indicates that abiotic factors like pH and temperature and biotic factors like bacterial presence in sediments or soil, ice meltwater, stream water and plants play a vital role in ice nucleation. Vegetation is the best habitat for bacteria with movement of 50 to 500 culturable cells/m2/sec (Suzuki et al. 1993, Morris et al. 2004 and Goodnow et al. 1990). Application of Vali's formulation c(T)= {ln (No) – ln (No -N(T))}/A for ice nucleation per bacterial cell shows biotic factors are more significant than abiotic factors. Trees like Cedrus deodara (Roxb.ex D. Don) (common name Diar) family name is Pinaceae showed the most significant tendency among the studied variables for ice nucleation, with ln c(T)= -14.84 as compared to Pinus roxburghii Sargent (botanical name) Chir (common name) Pinaceae (family name) ln c(T) = -15.9. Ice nucleation per cell (ln c(T)) in ice meltwater, stream water and sediment were -16, -15 and -15.14, respectively. P.H.PH range was near to neutral value (7) with the highest 8.4 in deposits and the lowest 7-making range of 1.4. The lowest mean monthly temperature in January from 2000 to 2022 is -12.6 oC (2013), while the warmest mean low temperature is -6.2 oC (2022), as per PMD. These temperature ranges are ideal for heterogeneous ice nucleation, as 50% of drops were frozen in the sample taken from the plants at a temperature of -10 °C. In comparison, stream water showed 35% frozen drops in this study. The research methodology following bacterial tests (H2S and Gram tests) and evaluation of abiotic factors like pH, temperature, wind direction indicates more impactful are biotic factors and low temperature for heterogenous ice nucleation.
Higher Education Student Loans and Enrolment in India, Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda
Authors:   Department of Economics and Business Education, Faculty of Education and Humanities, Gulu University,, ALANI JIMMY
Published: June 2023

The study uses generalised least squares (GLS), descriptive, phenomenological and mixed methods to examine the effects of higher education (HE) loans on tertiary education enrolment in India, Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. The data sets employed in the empirical analyses were obtained from the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), India Educational Statistics, the Ghana Ministry of Education, the Kenya Higher Education Loan Board, the Student Loan Financing Board of Tanzania and the Uganda Ministry of Education and Sports. The paper examines the HE student loan schemes introduced and implemented in Ghana, India, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda through commercial banks, public banks or governments along with their respective effects on higher education enrolment. Empirical results show that boosting higher education is a student loan phenomenon. Meanwhile, in the last two decades, student loan schemes performed better in India, Ghana, Kenya, and Tanzania than in Uganda. To become as successful as India in implementing the HE student loan scheme and improve HE enrolment, the paper suggests that the Government of Uganda must formulate a more comprehensive education loan scheme in consultation with the Bank of Uganda and other banks in Uganda.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Selected Hungarian Industries — Close Observation
Authors:   Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary, NXUMALO BRENDA , MSOMI WISEMAN ,   Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary, MABEBA MAHLATSE ,   Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary
Published: June 2023

On 11 March 2020 the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 as a pandemic. Countries around the world adopted risk-mitigating measures such as lockdown, quarantine, and curfew. Lockdown is an uncommon risk-mitigating measure applied to prevent the spread of the pandemic. There have been diverse views on its effects on the economy. However, it is indisputable that the COVID-19 pandemic imposed an additional burden on industries in the economies of individual countries. The main aim of the study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on selected industries in Hungary. Regression discontinuity design (RDD) was applied to determine the partial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on selected industries and investigate the effects of COVID-19 around its thresholds at a significant time and stage of the pandemic. The study revealed that COVID-19 negatively affected at least the industrial production of motor vehicles and non-durable goods. The industrial production of durable goods, raw steel, as well as total manufacturing were resilient to the COVID-19 pandemic.
China-United States Trade in the Long Term. Implications for the World Economy
Authors:   WSB University in Poznań, Poland, STARZYK KAZIMIERZ
Published: June 2023

The aim of this chapter is to present the historical paths and determinants of the development of China (P.R.C.)-United States (U.S.) trade against the background of their bilateral relations. The essay discusses the origins and consequences of China’s opening up and then moves forward to consider the evolution of its trade relations with the U.S.. This encompasses China’s accession to the WTO, implications of the 2007/8+ global financial crisis for these relations, as well as the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This discussion is accompanied by an analysis of the political environment that led to the opening of China’s economic relations with the U.S. in 1978, including earlier political contacts and negotiations. Evolution of the China-U.S. trade balance, the growing P.R.C. export surplus as well as P.R.C. and U.S. trade policies are then considered as the source of increasing global current account imbalances and, consequently, the trade war between these two countries. The 2019–2021 sub-period has also been scrutinised to highlight the global economic effects of COVID-19 and its impact on international trade as well as P.R.C.-U.S. bilateral economic relations. The discussion in this essay is presented within a framework of the four following interrelated issues: the process of the opening up of the Chinese economy and the role of America, sources of international payment disequilibrium, the China-U.S. trade war, and the impact of COVID-19 on international and U.S.-China trade. It concludes with the key role of multilateral cooperation as a crucial factor to fight growing protectionism in international trade.
Politik Vs Teknis: Problematika Implementasi Simbol ke-Aceh-an
Authors: Aklima  , Khalil Zakki Fuad , Hidayat Rahmat
Published: June 2023

This research focuses on the problems of implementing Acehnese symbols. Where Aceh has special authority in accordance with Law No. 11 of 2006 concerning the Government of Aceh which was born from the Helsinki MoU peace agreement of August 15, 2005. With this agreement, the birth of Qanun No. 3 of 2013 concerning the Flag and Emblem of Aceh which could not be implemented. Because it is contrary to Government Regulation No. 77 of 2007. Where the symbol of the Aceh Government, namely the Star Moon, is considered to contain elements of struggle and separatism. This study focuses on the dynamics of the implementation process of the Aceh flag and emblem symbols as well as the obstacles that occur in the implementation process. The method used is descriptive qualitative with documentation and interview data collection techniques. The results of the study include; There are three indicators that affect political dynamics in the process of implementing the Acehnese symbol, namely (1), Disagreements between the central and regional governments, (2) Overlapping rule of law, (3) Tug-of-war of interests. Meanwhile, obstacles in the implementation process are the content of the policies carried out not in accordance with legal products, the dominance of the interests of the political elite and neglect between the two parties. The conclusion of the problem of implementing symbols to Aceh is that there are complex challenges in the implementation of symbols to Aceh in the form of flags, and emblems. It is necessary to take a sensitive approach and consider local values to achieve good acceptance and integration.
ПРОБЛЕМА НАЗВАНИЙ ЧИНГИЗИДСКИХ ГОСУДАРСТВ
Authors: Исин Амантай
Published: June 2023

Аннотация. В статье автор вновь обращает внимание на проблему названий чингизидских государств.

Материалами для исследования стали сведения средневековых исторических сочинений мусульманских авторов, данные архивных документов, результаты научных исследований.

В ходе работы автор указывает, что в историографии последних лет название «Улуғ Ұлұс» рядом исследователей применяется как оригинальное название Золотой Орды, однако он считает неправомерным употребление данного названия применительно к Золотой Орде до периода правления Токтамыш-хана. Только 1380-е гг. Токтамыш-хан принимает название «Ұлұғ Ұлұс» (Улуг Улус), т.к. к этому времени погибло не только Государство Батуидов, но и государство, которое юридически претендовало на главенство во всех владениях чингизидов – Империя Юань.

После распада Объединенного Джучидского государства Токтамыш-хана и его сыновей, старшинство переходит к Дому Нугмана (искаженное в русских источниках как «Номоган» – «Номоганов юрт»). Позже провозглашаемое старшинство переходит от Дома Нугмана и его наследника «Тахт елі» – «Большой Орды» к Крымскому ханству.

Со стороны соседней на западе Ногайской Орды страна к востоку от рек Яик и Жем получает название «Орус ханның йурты», позже по имени продолжателя дела Урус-хана хана Барака – «Барақ хан йурты». Объединяя эти названия – «Орус хан мен Барақ ханның қазақ йурты» – в передаче московскими дьяками в переводе как  «Урус ханов и Барак ханов казацкий юрт». Эти устойчивые названия Казахского ханства фигурировали в 30-80-гг. XVI в. в дипломатической переписке Ногайской Орды и Московского государства. Казахское ханство в документах Москвы обозначалось устойчиво как «Казацкая Орда» на протяжении XVI – начала XVIII в.
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy for the determination of oxide ion conductivity
Authors: Momin Naeemakhtar , Manjanna J.
Published: June 2023

The properties of oxide ion conductors depend upon the structure, compositions, nature of interface, dopant and defects dissemination. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is emerged as strong tool for disentangling the intricacies of oxide ion conductors, and their capacities by using the different frequencies reliance for the isolations into their constituent’s parts. Consequently, the electrical homogeneities in oxide ion conductors used for SOFC applications like anode/electrolyte/cathode, grain, grain boundary (GB) conductivity, area specific resistance of fuel cell and temperature coefficient of resistance can generally be examined effectively by utilizing the EIS.
In Conversation With Chronic Pain: An Integrative Framework for Understanding and Treating Chronic Pain
Authors: Kezelman Gina
Published: June 2023

Chronic pain as an entity presents a challenge across many domains of life. It fails to serve adaptive or physiological functions. Beyond the exorbitant economic burden and strain on our healthcare system, chronic pain takes a heavy toll on the psychosocial and emotional wellbeing of sufferers and their relationships. As a complex biopsychosocial condition, routine treatments can ignore important variables, rendering them insufficient in relieving patient suffering. Research examining psychological management strategies for chronic pain is largely dominated by cognitive-behavioural models of therapy. Psychodynamic psychotherapeutic models have been substantially less explored. Through a relational lens, this theoretical essay explores aetiological influences of chronic pain. Consideration of the intersection of trauma, attachment, and pain then grounds an argument for a psychodynamic approach to chronic pain management.
COVID-19 - PANDEMIC IMPACTS ON INDIAN IT INDUSTRY
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Computer Science and Engineering, Guru Jambeshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Rani Seema
Published: June 2023

COVID-19 has been a big disruptor. The impact of COVID-19 on organizations and people across the world has been significant. This impact has been completely different across industries and comprehensive. Directly or indirectly, Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has affected most of the companies in India. Increased economic uncertainty and risk may pose significant financial implications. Although India has managed well to date the spread of the virus. The COVID-19 pandemic has already disrupted normal life and economic activity in our nation. The COVID – 19 Pandemic has caused forceful changes in several industries, and data Technology (IT) trade is that the major among them. The negative impacts of COVID are more as compared to positive effects. India is one of the world's hubs of information technology-enabled services. In India, IT companies provide a broad range of services to companies across almost all commercial verticals. It is evaluated that customers in the manufacturing, retail, energy, travel, transportation, and hospitality sectors are directly impacted by this global pandemic. Indian IT corporations might have to be compelled to assess to ensuing impact on their setups from providing company services concerned in these sectors. COVID-19 main impact is on the technology sector. This descriptive article elaborates the studies that how covid-19 global pandemic impacted the information technology industry in India.
Student achievements and their attitudes toward course design: A correlation analysis
Authors: Gardašević Dragana , Banjević Koviljka , Nastasić Aleksandra , Rošulj Dragana
Published: June 2023

Besides the distance learning has existed for a long time, for the great number of Higher Education Institutions it was the ''consequence'' of Covid-19 pandemic. This was case of HE Sector in Serbia. In some earlier research, the authors of this paper considered students' performance and their attitudes toward distance learning, separately. The main idea of this study is to investigate the correlation between student attitudes toward distance education and their achievements. The sample included students of The Academy of Applied Technical Studies Belgrade - Department of Belgrade Polytechnic, who attended different year of the same study programme. Students' achievements were measured through GPA and average efficiency within courses of the first, second and third years of study programme. In this research, two instruments were used - questionnaire and data related to students' scores. Research methods included descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. The obtained results could be useful for present and future research, improvements of educational process, instructors and stakeholders from this area.
Homotopy extension property for multi-valued functions
Authors: Karaca Ismet , Özkan Mustafa
Published: June 2023

In this study, we introduce some well-known definitions and properties for multi-valued functions. We present new definitions such as, m-retraction, m-section, m-homeomorphism, m-HEP and reducible function. We give a new result on the relation between multi-homotopy groups and m-homeomorphism. We also deal with some properties of m-HEP.
The nature of China and Taiwan conflicting relations
Authors: Stošić Sanja
Published: June 2023

The relations between China and Taiwan are widely considered "as one of the most sensitive issues," especially nowadays, in the era of U.S.-China strategic competition. For China, Taiwan's reunification is one of the key security issues. Within the scope of the new geopolitical dynamics in the existing world order, the goal of this paper is to address questions regarding China's-Taiwan policy as well as the U.S.-Taiwan policy, providing a comprehensive theoretical framework for understanding the nature of China and Taiwan tense relations. Starting from the premise that the changing policies related to China, Taiwan and the U.S., are related with the emerging global power shift, as well as with the redefinition of national interests of all the parties involved, by using qualitative data analysis, in this paper we will try to rethink how do changes in U.S.-China relationship and U.S.-Taiwan partnership may be primary triggers of the Taiwan Strait conflict scenario.
Influence of type and quantity of filler on change of density of sulfur concrete
Authors: Đorđević Nataša , Vlahović Milica , Martinović Sanja , Mihajlović Slavica , Kašić Vladan , Grubišić Mirko
Published: June 2023

Concrete is a material that has been used for centuries and is often modified using polymers. In the last fifty years, synthetic polymers have been used for the modification of concrete, but also for the production of concrete. In recent decades, sulfur concrete has been an interesting product that can be used mainly in low-rise construction due to its characteristics. In this work, we used the starting mixture for the preparation of sulfur concrete (sand, elemental sulfur with the addition of modified sulfur and fillers) heated to a temperature of 120 ºC to 170 ºC and homogenized. The results of previous research on the production of sulfur concrete showed that the density of the obtained product changes depending on the type as well as the amount of filler added to the basic mixture based on raw materials. Talc, microsilicon, plate alumina and fly ash were used as fillers. The amounts of fillers were 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 10%.
Insurance fraud as a form of economic crime and the methods for combating it
Authors: Čordarov Teodora , Malinović Marija , Ćeranić Mladen
Published: June 2023

Dealing with the topic of economic crime in insurance is very complex and therefore challenging. One of the first challenges concerns the definition of economic crime. Namely, economic crime represents a multi-layered phenomenon which must, in terms of the definition of the basic features, be adapted to the specific requirements of a given society. One of the forms of economic crime, which is very common in practice, certainly refers to abuse in the field of insurance. The most common, and at the same time the only form of economic crime in the field of insurance foreseen by law, is insurance fraud. After the conceptual determination of economic crime as well as its basic features, this paper presents a review of the key issues related to the topic of the paper, which includes the phenomenological definition of insurance, the importance of the existence of insurance, insurance fraud as a form of economic crime, as well as the methods for combating it.
The influence of the raw material composition of men's socks on thermo-physiological comfort under dynamic conditions
Authors: Tasić Predrag , Trajković Dušan , Geršak Jelka , Golubović Svetomir
Published: June 2023

The influence of environmental conditions on the thermo-physiological comfort of men's socks was investigated using an objective assessment of comfort under dynamic conditions. Men's socks made in a 3:1 rib construction from three types of basic yarns (77%) were used: bamboo, cotton, and a cotton/polyester blend. The remaining composition of the socks is identical: filament polyamide yarn (22%) and wrapped rubber thread (1%) for the welt. The influence of climate factors artificially created in the climate chamber was analyzed by measuring three physiological parameters: skin temperature, relative humidity of the skin, and microclimate in the space between the sock and the shoe on both feet. The research results show that the raw material composition of the base yarn used in the manufacture of men's socks has a significant impact on thermo-physiological comfort when wearing socks. Under artificially created conditions in the climate chamber, an ambient temperature of 20 °C and relative humidity of 50% (autumn and spring conditions), socks with basic yarn made of a cotton/polyester blend are preferred, then with a base yarn made of cotton, and finally socks with a base yarn made of bamboo. The data from the study provide valuable information for the clothing industry in designing and defining the choice of base yarn to produce socks, depending on the conditions of use.
Regulatory role of some protein kinases in signal transduction pathways in heart health and disease
Authors: Nusier Mohamad , Elimban Vijayan , Prasad Jaykishan , Shah Anureet , Dhalla Naranjan
Published: June 2023

Various protein kinases including protein kinase A (PKA), Ca2+-calmodulin kinase (CaMK), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase C (PKC) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK: ERK1/2, p38-MAPK and JNK) are integral part of different signal transduction pathways, which are known to regulate cardiac structure, function and metabolism. In addition, these signal transducing proteins are involved in the regulation of cation transport, cellular growth, gene expression, apoptosis and fibrosis by modifying the function of different target sites of subcellular organelles in the myocardium. However, the information regarding these signal transducing molecules is scattered and mechanisms of their involvement in diverse regulatory processes are poorly understood. While PKA, CaMK, PI3K and PKC are activated by different hormones and mechanical stimuli, MAPKs are activated by growth factors and some cellular stresses such as oxidative stress, inflammation and Ca2+-overload. Each type of these protein kinases is expressed in the form of two or more isozymes showing different biochemical characteristics and distinct biological functions. It has been demonstrated that all specific isoforms of these kinases produce both beneficial and detrimental effects on the heart, which are dependent upon the intensity and duration of stimulus for their activation. While PKA, PKC and CaMK are mainly involved in augmenting cardiac function as well as inducing cardiac hypertrophy and arrhythmias, PI3K is mainly involved in maintaining b-adrenoceptor function and inducing inflammation as well as arrhythmias. On the other hand, ERK1/2 mainly participate in the genesis of cardiac hypertrophy and cytoprotection whereas p38-MAPK and JNK are primarily involved in cardiac dysfunction, apoptosis and fibrosis. Since the activities of most protein kinases are increased under prolonged pathological conditions, a wide variety of their inhibitors have been shown to produce beneficial effects. However, extensive research needs to be carried out to understand the pathophysiology of different isoforms of each protein kinase as well as for the development of their isoform-specific inhibitors.
Geotropism and oncogenic potential of HPV infections in cohort study populations in Vojvodina, North region of Serbia
Authors: Mandić Aljoša , Nikolić Nataša , Maričić Slobodan , Gutić Bojana , Stevanović Nemanja , Bašica Branka
Published: June 2023

Background/Aim: Geotropism of the human papillomavirus (HPV) represents the heterogeneous distribution of different genotypes worldwide. Aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the HPV infection in women from Vojvodina, Serbia, according to cytological status and pathological changes of cervix - dysplasia and cancer. Methods: The research was conducted as a retrospective study at the Oncology Institute of Vojvodina and the Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina (IPHV). Data from the medical records of female patients treated for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or cervical cancer at the Department of Gynaecology, Clinic for Surgical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Vojvodina in Sremska Kamenica in the period from 2016 to 2021 were used, as well as the laboratory findings of the IPHV for a group of patients with normal cytological results of the Papanikolau (PAPA) smear. Results: A total of 731 women, from 20 to 82 years of age, with different cytological results were enrolled. 567 samples were classified as NILM, while 164 samples belong to a group of abnormal histopathology (LSIL/HSIL/cervical cancer). The HPV genotyping assay was performed using the EUROArray HPV test to detect 30 HPV genotypes. In the overall number with normal cytological findings, HPV infection was verified in 242 (42.7 %) patients, of which 135 (55.8 %) were verified with high risk HPV, while 76 (31.4 %) were verified with a mixed group of HPV (Low risk/High risk HPV). Most prevalent genotypes were HPV 16, 31, 53, 51 and 18 in NILM cytological status. In the samples with the abnormal histopathology, the most prevalent genotypes were HPV 16, 33, 31 and 56, while 18 and 39 were equally verified. Genotype 16 was the most prevalent in the examined sample, with a higher prevalence in higher-grade histopathological findings: 18.8 % in LSIL, 31.9 % in HSIL and 75.0 % in cervical cancer samples. Infection with multiple associated genotypes of HPV was not correlated with histopathology. By comparing histopathological diagnosis and age, older patients had higher-grade lesions. Conclusion: Based on the estimated oncogenic potential of HPV genotypes as well as their prevalence in presented sample, it can be concluded that the nine-valent HPV vaccine for genotypes 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52 and 58 would have the potential to prevent HPV infection and the incidence of precancerous lesions and cervical cancer in about 85 % of women. Observing trends in the prevalence of HPV, especially HR HPV genotypes, can be important in the further strategy of applying secondary and primary prevention, as well as the application of HPV detection as part of co-testing or considering the introduction of HPV testing in the initial screening program.
The prevalence of VKORC1 alleles in the population of the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Vidović Vanja , Bećarević Jelena , Radić-Savić Žana , Marić Aljoša , Vidović Stojko , Milovac Irina , Maksimović Nela
Published: June 2023

Background/Aim: Warfarin is one of the most common orally prescribed anticoagulant in patients with deep venous thrombosis, myocardial or cerebral infarctions. The main side effects of non-adequate dose of these drugs are prolonged peripheral or internal bleeding. VKORC1 1173C>T polymorphism (rs9934438) is of particular importance, since carriers of non-wild type allele correlates with the lower dosage of warfarin therapy. Thus, the aim of the research was to determine the distribution of 1173C>T polymorphism in population of the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina (RS) and to compare results with frequencies in other populations. Methods: A total of 124 healthy participants of both genders were enrolled in the study, from all parts of the RS. Molecular genotyping was performed by real-time PCR, using drug metabolism assays according to the manufacturer's instructions. Results: Of the total number, 22 subjects (17.74 %) were genotyped as CC, 69 subjects (55.65 %) as CT and 33 subjects (26.61 %) as TT. The frequencies of alleles C and T were 45.18 % and 54.82 %, respectively. No statistical significance was found among allele distribution between genders (ch² = 0.236; p = 0.627). All observed genotype frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. No statistical significance was observed among the frequency of minor T allele between presented findings and other European countries, besides Russia (p = 0.021). Conclusion: This was the first study analysing the distribution of rs9934438 alleles in population of the RS. These findings will be helpful in better and more precise drug prescribing in patients who require anticoagulant therapy.