bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of Pre-Enrollment Randomization and Delayed Consent to Maximize Participation in a Clinical Trial of Opt-In versus Opt-Out Tobacco Treatment
Authors: Faseru Babalola , Mussulman Laura M. , Nazir Niaman , Ellerbeck Edward F. , Shergina Elena , Scheuermann Taneisha S. , Gajewski Byron J. , Catley Delwyn , Richter Kimber P.
Published: April 2022

Background: Enrollment in smoking cessation trials remain sub-optimal. The aim of this analysis was to determine the effectiveness of a modified Zelen's design in engaging hospitalized patients who smoke in a pragmatic OPT-IN versus OPT-OUT tobacco treatment trial. Methods: At bedside, clinical staff screened smokers for eligibility, randomized eligible into study arms, and delivered the appropriate treatment approach. Study staff called randomized patients at one-month post-discharge, debriefed patients on the study design, and collected consent to participate. We used frequencies and percentages for categorical variables and means and standard deviations for quantitative variables to describe the characteristics of those who consented and were enrolled versus those who did not enroll. We also compared the characteristics of participants who consented and those who were reached and explicitly refused consent at one-month follow-up. We used the Cohen's d measure of effect size to evaluate differences. Results: Of the 1,000 randomized, 741 (74.1%) consented to continue in the study at one-month follow-up. One hundred and twenty-seven (12.7%) refused consent and 132 (13.2%) were unreachable. Cohen's d effect size differences between those who consented/enrolled ( n = 741) and those who were not enrolled ( n = 259) were negligible (<0.2) for age, gender, race/ethnicity, and most forms of insurance. The effect size was small for Medicaid (0.36), and other public insurance (0.48). After excluding those unreached at 1 month (12.7%), there were medium Cohen's d effect size differences between those who consented to participate ( n = 741) and those who explicitly refused ( n = 127) with respect to age (0.55) and self-pay or no insurance (0.51). There were small to negligible effect size differences with respect to sex, race/ethnicity, and other forms of health insurance. Conclusions: The modified Zelen's design resulted in successful enrollment of most participants who were initially randomized into the trial, including those not motivated to quit.
A novel superhard boron nitride polymorph with monoclinic symmetry
Authors: Fan Qing-Yang , Li Chen-Si , Zhao Ying-Bo , Song Yan-Xing , Yun Si-Ning
Published: April 2022

In this work, a new superhard material named Pm BN is proposed. The structural properties, stability, mechanical properties, mechanical anisotropy properties, and electronic properties of Pm BN are studied in this work. Pm BN is dynamically and mechanically stable, the relative enthalpy of Pm BN is greater than that of c-BN, and in this respect, and it is more favorable than that of T-B3N3, T-B7N7, tP24 BN, Imm2 BN, NiAs BN, and rocksalt BN. The Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, and shear modulus of Pm BN are 327 GPa, 331 GPa, and 738 GPa, respectively, and according to Chen’s model, Pm BN is a novel superhard material. Compared with its original structure, the mechanical anisotropy of Young’s modulus of Pm BN is larger than that of C14 carbon. Finally, the calculations of the electronic energy band structure show that Pm BN is a semiconductor material with not only a wide band gap but also an indirect band gap.
The masking condition for the quantum state in two-dimensional Hilbert space
Authors: Wang Mei-yi , Zhang Su-juan , Bai Chen-ming , Liu Lu
Published: April 2022

This paper focuses on quantum information masking for the quantum state in two-dimensional Hilbert space. We present a system of equations as the condition of quantum information masking. It is shown that quantum information contained in a single qubit state can be masked, if and only if the coefficients of the quantum state satisfy the given system of equations. By observing the characteristics of non-orthogonal maskable quantum states, we obtain a related conclusion, namely, if two non-orthogonal two-qubit quantum states can mask a single qubit state, they have the same number of terms and the same basis. Finally, for maskable orthogonal quantum states, we analyze two special examples and give their images for an intuitive description.
Coherent interaction and action–counteraction theory in small polaron systems, and ground state properties
Authors: Luo Zhi-Hua , Yu Chao-Fan
Published: April 2022

Based on the coherent interaction and action–counteraction principles, we investigate the ground state properties for small polaron systems, the coherent-squeezed fluctuation correction, and the anomalous lattice quantum fluctuation, with the new variational generator containing correlated squeezed-coherent coupling and quantum entanglement. Noting that −2t is the T.B.A. energy, for the coherent interaction effect, we find the ground-state energy E
0 to be −2.428t, in which the coherent squeezed fluctuation correction −A
0
t is −0.463t (where t is the hopping integral, ω is the phonon frequency), with the electron–one-phonon coupling constant g = 1 and the electron–two-phonon coupling constant g
1 = −0.1. However, as a result of the action–counteraction effect,

E
∼

0

is −2.788t, but

−

A
∼

0

t

is −0.735t. As to the polaron binding energy (E
P), for the coherent interaction effect, E
P is −1.38ω, but for the action–counteraction effect,

E
∼

P

is −1.88ω. In particular, the electron–two-phonon interaction noticeably enlarges the coherent interaction and the coherent squeezed quantum fluctuation correction. By intervening with the quantum entanglement, the evolutions of the squeezed coherent state and the lattice quantum fluctuation begin to take control. At that time, we encounter a new quantum phase coherence phenomenon — the collapse and revival of inversion repeatedly for the coherent state in the entangled evolution.
Characterizing entanglement in non-Hermitian chaotic systems via out-of-time ordered correlators
Authors: Huang Kai-Qian , Li Wei-Lin , Zhao Wen-Lei , Li Zhi
Published: April 2022

We investigate the quantum entanglement in a non-Hermitian kicking system. In the Hermitian case, the out-of-time ordered correlators (OTOCs) exhibit the unbounded power-law increase with time. Correspondingly, the linear entropy, which is a common measurement of entanglement, rapidly increases from zero to almost unity, indicating the formation of quantum entanglement. For strong enough non-Hermitian driving, both the OTOCs and linear entropy rapidly saturate as time evolves. Interestingly, with the increase of non-Hermitian kicking strength, the long-time averaged value of both OTOCs and linear entropy has the same transition point where they exhibit the sharp decrease from a plateau, demonstrating the disentanglment. We reveal the mechanism of disentanglement with the extension of Floquet theory to non-Hermitian systems.
Nonvanishing optimal noise in cellular automaton model of self-propelled particles
Authors: Du Guang-Le , Ye Fang-Fu
Published: April 2022

A minimal cellular automaton model is introduced to describe the collective motion of self-propelled particles on two-dimensional square lattice. The model features discretization of directional and positional spaces and single-particle occupation on one lattice site. Contrary to the Vicsek model and its variants, our model exhibits the nonvanishing optimal noise. When the particle density increases, the collective motion is promoted with optimal noise strength and reduced with noise strength out of optimal region. In addition, when the square lattice undergoes edge percolation process, no abrupt change of alignment behaviors is observed at the critical point of percolation.
Real non-Hermitian energy spectra without any symmetry
Authors: Zhang Boxue , Li Qingya , Zhang Xiao , Lee Ching Hua
Published: April 2022

Non-Hermitian models with real eigenenergies are highly desirable for their stability. Yet, most of the currently known ones are constrained by symmetries such as PT-symmetry, which is incompatible with realizing some of the most exotic non-Hermitian phenomena. In this work, we investigate how the non-Hermitian skin effect provides an alternative route towards enforcing real spectra and system stability. We showcase, for different classes of energy dispersions, various ansatz models that possess large parameter space regions with real spectra, despite not having any obvious symmetry. These minimal local models can be quickly implemented in non-reciprocal experimental setups such as electrical circuits with operational amplifiers.
Phase equilibrium and microstructure of topological AdS black holes in massive gravity *
Authors: Liu Fang , Du Yun-Zhi , Zhao Ren , Li Huai-Fan
Published: April 2022

In order to clearly understand the gravitational theory through the thermal properties of the black hole, it is important to further investigate the first-order phase transition of black holes. In this paper, we adopt different conjugate variables (

,

,

, and

) and apply Maxwell's equal-area law to study the phase equilibrium of a topological black hole in massive gravity. The condition and latent heat of phase transition are displayed as well as the coexistent curve of

. The result shows that the phase transition of this system is the high/low electric potentials one, not only the large/small black holes one. We also analyze the effect of the model's parameters on phase transition. Furthermore we introduce a new order parameter to probe the microstructure of this system. This work will provide the theoretical basis to study the phase structure of topological black holes in massive gravity and to further explore the gravitational theory.
The effect of mental schema evolution on mental workload measurement: an EEG study with simulated quadrotor UAV operation
Authors: Gu Heng , Yao Qunli , Chen He , Ding Zhaohuan , Zhao Xiaochuan , Liu Huapeng , Feng Yunduo , Li Chen , Li Xiaoli
Published: April 2022

Objective. Mental workload is the result of the interactions between the demands of an operation task, the environment in which the task is performed, and the skills, behavior and perception of the performer. Working under a high mental workload can significantly affect an operator’s ability to choose optimal decisions, judgments and motor actions while operating an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). However, the effect of mental schema, which reflects the level of expertise of an operator, on mental workload remains unclear. Here, we propose a theoretical framework for describing how the evolution of mental schema affects mental workload from the perspective of cognitive processing. Approach. We recruited 51 students to participate in a 10-day simulated quadrotor UAV flight training exercise. The EEG power spectral density (PSD)-based metrics were used to investigate the changes in neural responses caused by variations in the mental workload at different stages of mental schema evolution. Main results. It was found that the mental schema evolution influenced the direction and change trends of the frontal theta PSD, parietal alpha PSD, and central beta PSD, which are EEG indicators of mental workload. Initially, before the mental schema was formed, only the frontal theta PSD increased with increasing task difficulty; when the mental schema was initially being developed, the frontal theta PSD and the parietal alpha PSD decreased with increasing task difficulty, while the central beta PSD increased with increasing task difficulty. Finally, as the mental schema gradually matured, the trend of the three indicators did not change with increasing task difficulty. However, differences in the frontal PSD became more pronounced across task difficulty levels, while differences in the parietal PSD narrowed. Significance. Our results describe the relationship between the EEG PSD and the mental workload of UAV operators as the mental schema evolved. This suggests that EEG activity can be used to identify the mental schema and mental workload experienced by operators while performing a task, which can not only provide more accurate measurements of mental workload but also provide insights into the development of an operator’s skill level.
Fast parametric curve matching (FPCM) for automatic spike detection
Authors: Kleeva Daria , Soghoyan Gurgen , Komoltsev Ilia , Sinkin Mikhail , Ossadtchi Alexei
Published: April 2022

Objective. Epilepsy is a widely spread neurological disease, whose treatment often requires resection of the pathological cortical tissue. Interictal spike analysis observed in the non-invasively collected EEG or MEG data offers an attractive way to localize epileptogenic cortical structures for surgery planning purposes. Interictal spike detection in lengthy multichannel data is a daunting task that is still often performed manually. This frequently limits such an analysis to a small portion of the data which renders the appropriate risks of missing the potentially epileptogenic region. While a plethora of automatic spike detection techniques have been developed each with its own assumptions and limitations, none of them is ideal and the best results are achieved when the output of several automatic spike detectors are combined. This is especially true in the low signal-to-noise ratio conditions. To this end we propose a novel biomimetic approach for automatic spike detection based on a constrained mixed spline machinery that we dub as fast parametric curve matching (FPCM). Approach. Using the peak-wave shape parametrization, the constrained parametric morphological model is constructed and convolved with the observed multichannel data to efficiently determine mixed spline parameters corresponding to each time-point in the dataset. Then the logical predicates that directly map to verbalized text-book like descriptions of the expected interictal event morphology allow us to accomplish the spike detection task. Main results. The results of simulations mimicking typical low SNR scenarios show the robustness and high receiver operating characteristic AUC values of the FPCM method as compared to the spike detection performed using more conventional approaches such as wavelet decomposition, template matching or simple amplitude thresholding. Applied to the real MEG and EEG data from the human patients and to rat ECoG data, the FPCM technique demonstrates reliable detection of the interictal events and localization of epileptogenic zones concordant with independent conclusions made by the epileptologist. Significance. Since the FPCM is computationally light, tolerant to high amplitude artifacts and flexible to accommodate verbalized descriptions of an arbitrary target morphology, it is likely to complement the existing arsenal of means for analysis of noisy interictal datasets.
A Nonlinear Correction Method on Elastic Lift Coefficient for Civil Aircraft
Authors: Liu Xiaoyan , Chen Kai , Cheng Pan , Sun Yuchen
Published: April 2022

Aerodynamic lift coefficient is nonlinear for an elastic aircraft flying at a high transonic speed, varying with Mach number and dynamic pressure. The common industry practice is that the correction on slope and intercept for linear segment of data curve of wind tunnel test, which is incapable of meeting increasing design requirements whereas aerodynamic coefficients are characterized by nonlinear nature. The nonlinear correction method for elastic lift coefficient is introduced by using equivalent angle of attack. Based on wind tunnel test data of rigid designed aircraft shape, elastic lift coefficient used for load and control analysis is directly obtained, which is applicable to different flight deformation state of a civil aircraft within the flight envelope. The wind tunnel test model was selected as a validation illustration. The analysis shows that the results obtained through the proposed correction method and the elastic test data are in a good agreement. The developed method takes into consideration both the computational efficiency and the precision.
Development of a Horizontal Pneumatic Test System for Shock Response Spectrum
Authors: Zhiqiang Shen , Tingfei Yan , Chuang Liu , Anchao Jiao , Fei Gu
Published: April 2022

Pendulum impact test equipment cannot meet the high magnitude test demand of large products. This paper designed a pneumatic impact test which can make a high-magnitude impact test, giving the design principle of the pneumatic impact test system, introducing the design methods of the pneumatic test system. The test results show that the technical indexes of the system meet the design requirements. The pneumatic impact test system with a 1.25 m× 1.25 m table based on the shock response spectrum principle can realize the inflection frequency adjustable from 500 to 1500 Hz and the slope adjustable from +6 to +9 dB. And it can realize the shock response spectrum test of 5000g magnitude at full load. The test system can meet the current test magnitude and test requirements of spacecraft products. The method proposed in this paper can serve as a reference for the design of this kind of impact test systems.
Barium 5-nitriminotetrazolate - A Powerful Primary Explosive with Resistance High Temperature Properties
Authors: Ni Debin , Liu Jiang , Yuxin Jia , Yang Bing , Yu Guoqiang
Published: April 2022

The primary explosive of barium 5-nitriminotetrazolate was obtained by dehydrating the crystal waters of barium 5-nitriminotetrazolate dihydrate under high temperature, which was shown high decomposition temperature of 384 °C by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The preparation route of barium 5-nitriminotetrazolate was relatively safe through using the potassium 5-nitriminotetrazolate as raw material. Barium 5-nitriminotetrazolate could easily initiate hexanitrostilbene (HNS) in combination with long-time stability and low sensitivities, which was promised to apply in high temperature initiator of military and civilian.
Intelligent analysis method for transient stability of power distribution system
Authors: Jia-long Li , Wei Zhang , Lin-lin Ge
Published: April 2022

According to the principle of transient stability of power distribution system, this paper establishes the evaluation model of system transient stability, and studies a new intelligent analysis method of transient stability of power distribution system. Improve the process of power system transient stability analysis through wavelet transform. The experimental results show that the intelligent analysis method of transient stability of power distribution system based on wavelet transform can effectively shorten the analysis time and improve the accuracy.
Solving degree constrained minimum spanning tree problem based on improved fireworks algorithm
Authors: Gao Zunhai , Gui Chengpeng , Liu Yi
Published: April 2022

In the iterative process of fireworks algorithm, an improved algorithm is proposed to improve the local search ability of optimal fitness value and make it more suitable for solving discrete problems, so as to obtain a method to find degree constrained minimum spanning tree. Firstly, the corresponding mathematical model is constructed by analyzing the degree constrained minimum spanning tree, then the explosion operator and the corresponding fitness function are established according to the model, and finally the algorithm is improved to adapt to the discrete fireworks algorithm, so as to achieve the purpose of seeking the degree constrained minimum spanning tree. The example calculation shows that the improved fireworks algorithm can reduce the number of iterations and achieve high accuracy.
Log filtering method based on user behaviors
Authors: Wu Nan , Tang Xueming , Pan Ying
Published: April 2022

In the big data environment, various websites on the Internet have generated more and more user behaviors. Designing a universal log filtering method based on user behaviors is the current research trend. However, the current log filtering technology has disadvantages such as low filtering accuracy and low efficiency. In this paper, we propose a log filtering method based on user behaviors. First, divide user behaviors into multiple sub-behaviors and assign corresponding weights. Obtain and store log information of user behaviors through distributed log collection tools, and the log information of corresponding sub-behaviors below the weight threshold is filtered. Then, the log information of the retained sub-behaviors is processed in parallel through the utility function. The utility function establishes the mapping relationship between user interest degree and sub-behavior indicators. The corresponding log information of the sub-behaviors below the user interest degree threshold is deleted, and the log information of the user’s preferred sub-behaviors is retained, forming an optimized data source for recommendation results, and stored in the data cluster. This method can perform secondary filtering of the massive log information, respond to users’ current requirements and interesting information promptly, improving processing efficiency.
Ontology-based task planning for autonomous unmanned system: framework and principle
Authors: Pang Weijian , Gu Wenguan , Li Hui
Published: April 2022

Operational knowledge is an important factor to improve the autonomy of unmanned systems. How to store and represent operational knowledge semantically and normatively, so that unmanned systems can autonomously accomplish task planning according to the high-level order of humans, carry out re-planning, and make decisions has been a new topic in the autonomous unmanned system field. This paper reviews several typical robot ontologies, as well as modeling and representation methods of uncertain information, proposes the concept of Ontology-based Task Planning(OTP) for the unmanned system, and introduces the principles of ontology construction. Finally, the application of ontology in unmanned combat systems are discussed.
Visual Analysis of Urban Block Risk Based on Bayesian Network——Taking Traffic as an Example
Authors: Yin Shuqi , Yan Xu , Yin Mengzi , Zhang Luming
Published: April 2022

In order to improve urban safety and resilience, this paper focuses on urban traffic and public health emergencies, integrates disaster related data, constructs Bayesian network reasoning model, and uses spatial analysis technology to visualize risk information on dynamic map, analyze the disaster chain risk in different places in the same time period, and then form decision support options to realize reasoning visualization, distribute control of disaster chain evolution, minimize the loss caused by disaster chain effect, and promote urban disaster prevention and reduction.
3D Vehicle Surround View Algorithm for Embedded Platform
Authors: Liang Zuowei , Chen Lei , An Fengwei
Published: April 2022

Although surround view systems have been widely used in advanced automotive, processing speed is still a bottleneck for the embedded system. This paper presents a 3D surround-view algorithm suitable for embedded platforms. Using methods such as extracting regions of interest (ROI) and HSV color screening to improve the efficiency of image registration, there is no need to manually select feature points, which reduces the difficulty of operation. In addition, we designed a bowl-shaped three-dimensional model to be used as a projection surface. In terms of optimization, methods such as look-up table (LUT) and hardware acceleration significantly reduce computational time.
Multi-scene small object detection with modified YOLOv4
Authors: Ziming Cao , Han Yu , Lingjun Kong , Dapeng Zhang
Published: April 2022

Applications of small object detection exist in many different scenarios of our daily life, and this topic is also one of the most difficult issues in studying object detection and recognition. Therefore, improving small object detection accuracy is not only important in theory, but also significant in practice. However, current detection relevant algorithms are inefficient in this task; therefore in this study, a type of generalized improved algorithm based on YOLOv4 model is proposed. After the “ADD” and “Concat” layers of the conventional cross stage partial network (CSPNet), a type of mixed attention module (MA) is added to strengthen the spatial and channel feature information of the object; the dilated convolution module (DC) is then used to expand the receptive field information around the peripheries of target small objects. Several numerical experiments show that this modified model associated with its algorithms achieves higher mean average precision of the tests on the Pascal VOC and the VISDRONE data sets (mAP@0.5). Compared with YOLOv4, these performance assessment indices increase by 3.23% and 2.88% respectively. After refining the YOLOv4 network structure with the condition that the size of input images set as 416*416, the average accuracies of the model can reach 87.58% on Pascal VOC data set and 26.12% on VISDRONE data set. These results present the apparent better performance of this method than the original detection algorithm on recognizing small objects without affecting the real-time performance.
Quantum signatures of chaos in relativistic quantum billiards with shapes of circle- and ellipse-sectors*
Authors: Yu Pei , Zhang Weihua , Dietz Barbara , Huang Liang
Published: April 2022

According to the Berry–Tabor conjecture, the spectral properties of typical nonrelativistic quantum systems with an integrable classical counterpart agree with those of Poissonian random numbers. We investigate to what extend it applies to relativistic neutrino billiards (NBs) consisting of a spin-1/2 particle confined to a bounded planar domain by imposing suitable boundary conditions (BCs). In distinction to nonrelativistic quantum billiards (QBs), NBs do not have a well-defined classical counterpart. However, the peaks in the length spectra, that is, the modulus of the Fourier transform of the spectral density from wave number to length, of NBs are just like for QBs at the lengths of periodic orbits of the classical billiard (CB). This implies that there must be a connection between NBs and the dynamic of the CB. We demonstrate that NBs with shapes of circle- and ellipse-sectors with an integrable classical dynamic, obtained by cutting the circle and ellipse NB along symmetry lines, have no common eigenstates with the latter and that, indeed, their spectral properties can be similar to those of classically chaotic QBs. These features orginate from the intermingling of symmetries of the spinor components and the discontinuity in the BCs leading to contradictory conditional equations at corners connecting curved and straight boundary parts. To corroborate the necessity of the curved boundary part in order to generate GOE-like behavior, we furthermore consider the right-angled triangle NB constructed by halving the equilateral-triangle NB along a symmetry axis. For an understanding of these findings in terms of purely classical quantities we use the semiclassical approach recently developed for massive NBs, and Poincaré–Husimi distributions of the eigenstates in classical phase space. The results indicate, that in the ultrarelativistic limit these NBs do not show the behavior expected for classically chaotic QBs.
General symmetry operators of the asymmetric quantum Rabi model
Authors: Xie You-Fei , Chen Qing-Hu
Published: April 2022

The true level crossing in the asymmetric quantum Rabi model without any obvious symmetry can be exhibited in the energy spectrum if the qubit bias is a multiple of the cavity frequency, which should imply the existence of the hidden symmetry. In this work, within a Bogoliubov operator approach, we can readily derive the symmetry operators associated with the hidden symmetry hierarchically for arbitrary multiples. The symmetry operators for small multiples in the literature can be extremely easily reproduced in our general scheme. In addition, a general parity operator is defined through the symmetry operator, which naturally includes the well-known parity operator of the symmetric model. We believe that the present approach can be straightforwardly extended to other asymmetric Rabi models to find the relevant symmetry operators.
Study of insect diversity in areas surrounding The Central Marsh in southern Iraq
Authors: Kareem Ali , Aljaafari Raad K. , Abaas Manar A. , Al-Zurfi Sienaa M. , Fazaa Nadheer A. , Al-Sheikhly Omar F. , Haba Mukhtar K. , Whittingham Mark J.
Published: April 2022

During the several visits in 2018 and 2019 to some areas surrounding Central Marsh in southern Iraq (CMSI) for conservation purposes. The fauna of insects from different sites and sessions of the CMSI are surveyed in this study; there were (18) species, (17) genera that belong to (16) families and (7) orders which are recorded in this investigation using sweeping nets and light traps. According to available references, 7 species are new records in the area of study. This is survey is important for updating insects diversity in central Marshlands in Iraq. A counting study is needed to understand more about insect distributions and their impacts on biodiversity in such an important area.
Solar Desiccant Cooling System as an Alternative Solution for Net-Zero Energy Buildings (NZEBs) in the Tropical Regions
Authors: Dezfouli M.M.S. , Kadir Kushsairy , Sopian K. , Dehghani-Sanij A.R.
Published: April 2022

The development of energy-efficient cooling systems is a major challenge for Net-Zero Energy Buildings (NZEBs) in tropical climates. This study proposes a solar-assisted two-stage hybrid desiccant cooling system as an energy-efficient air conditioning (AC) system for use in tropical NZEBs. TRNSYS software was used to simulate the proposed model for application in a classroom with a high latent load (51%). The simulation results were analysed in terms of air properties, energy allocation, and potential energy savings. It was discovered that using two-stage dehumidification instead of one-stage dehumidification reduced regeneration temperature from 72 °C to 63 °C, which leads to considerable reduction in backup heater energy consumption. This study shows that by means of the proposed model instead of a fan coil unit, thermal comfort and energy savings of 37% can be achieved.
Design of a solar PV plant for Ma’an, Jordan
Authors: Owhaib Wahib , Borett Alberto , AlKhalidi Ammar , Al-Kouz Wael , Hader Montasir
Published: April 2022

The manuscript proposes the design of a solar photovoltaic power (PV) plant for Ma’an, Jordan, a location of excellent solar energy resources. Both floating and ground-mounted plant configurations are presented. The ground-mounted plant configuration that showed maximum power out potential is modeled using System advisor Model (SAM) software to simulate the PV plant performance. Results showed that the proposed plant location at Ma’an site is an outstanding site with an annual average capacity factor is 32.2%. By considering a lifetime of 25 years, the Levelized Cost of Electricity LCOE is 3.54 c/kWh. Moreover, this will help and guide engineers and designers to comply with the country of Jordan’s most recent energy policy. This policy focuses on increasing the renewable energy share of the country.
Modeling the Energy Cooperation between Regionally Interconnected Aggregators using Bilateral Agreements
Authors: Ullah Zahid , Mirjat Nayyar Hussain
Published: April 2022

Traditional centralized power dispatching systems have inherent limitations in dealing with the increasing penetration of variable renewable energy generation in distribution networks. This study presents a flexible energy exchange mechanism for regionally interconnected aggregators in regards to VRE penetration. Direct energy exchange between neighboring aggregators is proposed as a promising method of maximizing social welfare (i.e. maximization of end-users benefits and minimization of energy costs). The main idea of the proposed mechanism is to develop a parallel energy exchange cooperation between physically connected aggregators ensuring operational efficiency of the power systems at a local level. Given that neighboring aggregators may have differences in their energy generation and usage patterns these differences can be utilized to bridge the mismatch of each other’s supply shortage. An operational scenario of regionally interconnected aggregators is presented and investigated. The initial simulation results have illustrated the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed model and method.
Hydrogeochemical characteristics of fresh waters in the springs of salt dome territories of the Cis-Urals region
Authors: Myazina N G , Savilova E B
Published: April 2022

The article presents the results of a study on the geochemistry of fresh water from natural sources (springs) in the salt dome territories of the Pre-Ural Artesian Basin. Spring waters are understudied; they are not classified according to their chemical composition and purpose. The research area is the territory of the Pre-Ural Artesian Basin in Orenburg Region with salt-gypsum tectonics. There are numerous springs with fresh water suitable for household and drinking purposes there. Springs with mineralization from 156 to 806 mg/dm3 of mixed composition, sulfate-chloride, sulfate-bicarbonate, bicarbonate and calcium and magnesium-calcium, sodium-magnesium-calcium are related to gypsum fields and salt dome structures. The total hardness varies from 3.5 to 10.27 mg/eq/l from moderately hard to extremely hard. The conclusion on the quantitative and qualitative assessment of spring waters should be made by prospecting and exploration activities with experimental filtration activities and assessment of reserves.
Comparative analysis of biodestructors used in bioremidation at land reclamation contaminated with
Authors: Tavadze B D , Valieva A F
Published: April 2022

The results shown in the article were held within a month apart from the preparatory period. Soil samples which were analyzed were contaminated with certain amount of oil. After that certain amount of biodestructors were put into the samples. Ability of organisms, contacting in these chemicals, to decompose oil was determined by condition and quantity of siderates (barley, rye, clover), and also by oil percentage in analyzed soil samples. Quantitatively oil content in samples before and after biological treatment was determined by infrared spectrometry using “Koncentratometr KN-3” analyzer. Based on the obtained quantitative results of oil content in soil samples before and after exposure to them with biodestructors we may conclude positive dynamics of their effect. Results showed that after only two weeks of microorganisms’ influence the oil content in soil samples decreased by half. It should be noted that the best results after only two weeks of usage were shown by Bak-Verad and DOP-UNI. The positive effect also affected the siderats’ appearance. Condition and number of grown plants correlates satisfactorily with the residual percentage of oil in the soil samples. The best results during one month were shown by Glauk-Oil. The results of the research can find application in bioremediation in the reclamation of lands contaminated with oil in the conditions of the far north and conditions equivalent to it.
Influence of precursors on water regime indicators, soil infestation and productivity of spring oats
Authors: Avdeenko A P , Avdeenko S S
Published: April 2022

In the conditions of the Rostov region of the Russian Federation on ordinary micellar-carbonate chernozems, the influence of winter wheat and sunflower as precursors of spring oats on the parameters of the water regime, the structural and aggregate composition of the soil, its weediness and biological activity in oat crops was studied. The issues of formation of yield structure indicators depending on the predecessor and its influence on the biological yield of oats are considered. It was found that a greater amount of soil moisture both before sowing and during the growth and development of oat plants was after winter wheat due to the optimization of soil structure and its biological activity. Sunflower promotes clogging of the soil under oats and reduces the number of agronomically valuable soil aggregates, as a result of which the grain yield was lower than after winter wheat by 0.21 t/ha. Favorable conditions for the growth of oat plants after winter wheat are manifested in an increase in the number of productive stems compared to the predecessor sunflower by 15%.
Evaluate of tomato growing in the conditions of subirrigation aeroponics at Fitopiramida greenhouse
Authors: Farawn K K , Leunov V I , Tereshonkova T A , Salman A H , Al-Rukabi M N M , Shaaban F
Published: April 2022

Aeroponics and hydroponics technologies are one of the most advanced today. The aim of this work is to select and assess the assortment of determinant tomatoes for suitability for cultivation under the conditions of this technology. The study was conducted on the crop of two specific hybrids of different foliar dressings, as well as the assessment of the level of interaction «variety-option of feeding» based on the statistical analysis of the results. The article discusses the features of two methods of the aeroponics and Fitopyramida soilless technology in the context of solving the problems of resource and energy conservation in the production of vegetables. It is applied in agriculture to plan the several activities and missions properly by utilizing limited resources with minor human interference. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effectiveness of non-root top dressing and to identify the optimal habitus and other characteristics of the determinant tomato hybrid for the “Fitopiramida” technology. A greenhouse research project was conducted at All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Vegetable Growing - a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Growing” (VNIIO - a branch of FGBNU FNTSO). This study was revealed that 2 foliar dressing at a dose (N: P: K 10:54:10) 2.5 g/l + Maxifol 2g/l ) have a significant impact on productivity and yield determinant hybrids of tomato Flame F1 and Rosana F1, providing yield increase in comparison with the control by 7.87 kg/m2 and 2.52 kg/m2, respectively. Among the investigated options for the use of mineral fertilizers, the most maximum and reliable results were obtained in the 3NPK option; on the basis of statistical processing, the optimal variant of the interaction «variety-level of mineral nutrition» was established - hybrid F1 Rozanna against the background of 3NPK.
Prediction of hazardous fire factors and their impact on the ecology of the region
Authors: Sh Arifzhanov A , Muhamediyeva D K , Khasanov U U
Published: April 2022

Natural fires are a serious catastrophic phenomenon for the nature and population of our country and the world. The paper considers the forecast of the level of air pollution, which is possible based on calculating the dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere and a comparative assessment of the magnitude of the impact with existing standards.
Problems of biodiversity conservation of birch groves of the steppe Ural zone
Authors: Getmanec I A , Serebrennikova Y A , Levchenko P V
Published: April 2022

An assessment of the taxonomic, structural, and functional biodiversity of birch groves of the steppe Ural zone which are unique phytocenoses that determine the structure of forest cover in areas with a regular lack of forest cover, is presented. Such communities play an important role in maintaining the ecological balance of the natural environment, namely in preserving biological and landscape diversity due to the formation of communities in contrasting physiographic conditions. We used the classical standard approaches of geobotany and the original methods of phytoindication of ecotopes, and the analysis of the aggregate parameters of the environment of ecocenoelements on the scales of the optimum of H. Ellenberg. The ecosystem function of biodiversity conservation is shown due to the formation of microsites: birch grove, feather grass steppe, willow community, petrophyte-steppe associations, at the contact points of which ecotone zones appear, differing due to the differentiation of physiographic conditions of great variety and sustainability of natural complexes. The necessity of preserving the complex of birch beam forests with a special aesthetic, scientific and cultural value for the conservation of biodiversity is shown.
Recycling of sugar beet production wastes in the agroecosystems of the Central Chernozem Region
Authors: Koltsova O M , Stekol’nikova N V
Published: April 2022

The results presented in the paper allow to solve environmental problems arising from the disposal of waste (bagasse and defecate) of sugar beet production. Experimental data of soil fertility indicators of leached chernozems are presented: moisture, soil acidity, nutrient content during utilization of sugar beet pulp and defecate in agrocenoses compared with the background of mineral fertilizers. The most favorable abiotic conditions were formed on the variants of pulp application at a dose of 50 t/ha in autumn. It was revealed that the increase in the acidity of leached chernozem after the introduction of pulp is of a short-term nature. Using defecate together with manure stabilizes the acidity to a level of 6.0–6.2, maintaining this value for a long period (10–12 years). At the same time, the yield of winter wheat was practically the same as the crop gained according to the traditional for the Central Black Earth Region technology. Thus, the possibility of using wastes as fertilizers has been established, which solves the ecological problem of their utilization and, as a consequence, the problem of increasing the fertility of arable land.
The use of caesium-137 to assess soil losses from agricultural fields (Orel region)
Authors: Trofimetz L N , Kurochitskaya M G , Alexandrova A P , Saraeva A M , Lavrusevich A A
Published: April 2022

The paper presents the results of experimental studies of the intensity of overburden delivery from agricultural fields in the districts of the Orel region for the period from 1963 to 2020. The isotope of cesium-137 of global and Chernobyl origin was used to detect at depth the overburdens that came from the fields to the depression complex in 1963, 1986, and 2020. According to the thickness of the overburden layer, the intensity of overburden delivery was determined for the periods 1963-1986 and 1986-2020. The authors found that in 1963-1986, the intensity of soil material losses from arable land was 2.00 cm/year in Znamensky district, 1.83 cm/year in Mtsensky district, and 1.56 cm/year in Orlovsky District. In the period 1986-2020, there was a significant decrease in the rate of erosion. Soil losses in the fields of Znamensky district decreased by 6.9 times; in the fields of Mtsensky district – by 3.89 times; Orlovsky district – by 1.56 times. The decrease in the intensity of soil losses is explained by the increase in the frequency of thaws in the winter season in 1986-2020 compared with 1963-1986. In 1963-1986, the number of years with the maximum monthly temperature in January and February above zero degrees did not exceed 5-7. In 1986-2020, the number of such years increased to 17-19. Reduction of soil freezing and a decrease in melt runoff led to a reduction in soil losses.
The structure of larch forest stands formed in previously treeless areas as a result of climate change
Authors: Vorobyeva T S , Salnikova I S , Bartysh A A , Orehova O N , Vorobyev I B
Published: April 2022

The article deals with the formation of larch stands on the upper forest boundary in extreme forest conditions under the influence of climate change.
Experimental simulation of micro-electroosmosis in porous structures of food products
Authors: Nikolaev N S , Ya Burlev M , Kornienko V N , Motin V V
Published: April 2022

One of the modern directions in the intensification of heat and mass exchange processes widely used in processing of agricultural products is characterized by the use of the electric field in a certain range of its action. A special feature of the electric field impact on agricultural raw materials for food product manufacture is the emergence of micro-electrokinetic phenomena such as micro-electroosmosis. For the effective use of this direction, an experimental study of the character of the electric field interaction with raw materials of biological origin is necessary. The process of micro-electroosmosis in a form of the liquid movement in micro-capillaries depending on the parameters of weak electropulse impacts of a certain frequency is modeling in the study. The obtained experimental results make it possible to trace kinetics of process parameters for the liquid movement in micro-capillaries upon various characteristics of the electric field and understand possibilities of using micro-electroosmosis for intensification of heat and mass exchange processes.
A new algorithm in determining the effectiveness of sustainable agricultural land use management at various administrative-territorial levels
Authors: Zhdanova R V , Rasskazova A A , Smirnova M A , Ruleva N P , Borodina O B
Published: April 2022

The relevance of the study is due to the interest and all emerging requests for the creation of a perfect land use system based on the principle of sustainability. In the article, the authors revealed the concept of sustainability of agricultural land use. And we considered the methodology for determining the efficiency of agricultural land use. The analysis of the conditions of agricultural land use and the identification of factors influencing the efficiency of agricultural land use are carried out. The authors paid special attention to the consideration of criteria and a system of indicators of the effectiveness of sustainable agricultural land use management. In addition, the report focuses on the role of agricultural land use planning and identifies the main planning and forecasting methods for determining the effectiveness of agricultural land use.
Devices for trimming trees in urban areas
Authors: Mokhirev A P , Rukomojnikov K P , Ye Ariko S , Iliushenko D A , Kalyashov V A , Tikhonov E A
Published: April 2022

In an urban area, the care of large trees is problematic. When they age, branches, peaks should be trimmed. The use of logging machines is hampered by their large size and also significantly pollutes the urban environment, due to significant emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere. In addition, the felling and delimbing process itself is not safe, and its use in an urban environment poses a threat to human life, the integrity of buildings and infrastructure. In most cases, to solve such problems, special workers (arborists) are used, who either climb onto the tree trunk, or are in the crane basket and cut the tree piece by piece. Such technologies are costly, unsafe and, at times, can cause inconvenience to others. The design and a detailed algorithm for the operation of a device are presented, which allows you to cut branches and trunks of trees and ensure their controlled descent to the ground without a threat to people and infrastructure. In this case, the operator controls the installation remotely. The device consists of movement and delimbing mechanisms, a chain saw for pruning large branches and tree tops, and a system for lowering the cut parts to the ground. The analysis showed that the proposed device is more effective than its counterparts and tree pruning by arborists.