bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Some new discoveries at colliders
Authors: Dremin I M
Published: February 2018

Five of the most recent experimental discoveries about high-energy proton interactions are chosen to demonstrate the predictive power of the existing theory and its striving to elucidate the origin of some less understood phenomena. These include the Higgs boson, the cross section increase with energy, an increased fraction of elastic scattering in the same energy range, the exponential fall-off of the elastic differential cross section at sufficiently large momentum transfers (small distances), and the jet emission and ridge formation phenomena observed in very-high-multiplicity inelastic processes.
Semiclassical method of analysis and estimation of the orbital binding energies in many-electron atoms and ions
Authors: Shpatakovskaya G V
Published: February 2018

Orbital binding energies in the ground state of many-electron elements obtained in experiments or in quantum-mechanical-calculations are studied. Their dependences on the atomic number and on the degree of ionization are analyzed. The Bohr – Sommerfeld semiclassical quantization condition is used and filled-shell orbital binding energy approximate scaling is shown. The scaling is similar to the one in the Thomas – Fermi model, but with two other functions-coefficients. The effective method of the demonstration of binding energies in a large number of atoms through these two functions is proposed. As a result, special features of the elements of the main and transition groups and the influence of relativistic effects are vividly manifested. Simple interpolation expressions are built for the two functions. One can use them to estimate orbital binding energies in the filled shells of many-electron atoms and ions to within 10% for middle elements and from 10% to 30% for heavy ones. The estimate can be used as the initial approximation in precessional atomic computations and also for rough calculations of the ionization cross sections of many-electron atoms and ions by electrons and heavy particles, failing more precise data.
Silencing of NADPH Oxidase 4 Attenuates Hypoxia Resistance in Neuroblastoma Cells SH-SY5Y by Inhibiting PI3K/Akt-Dependent Glycolysis
Authors: Yu Ting , Li Lei , Liu Wenyan , Ya Bailiu , Cheng Hongju , Xin Qing
Published: February 2018

Hypoxia-induced chemoresistance is a major obstacle in the development of effective cancer therapy. In our study, the reversal abilities of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) silence on hypoxia resistance and the potential mechanism were investigated. Our data showed that the expression of NOX4 was upregulated in human neuroblastoma cells SH-SY5Y under hypoxia condition time dependently. Knockdown of NOX4 expression by siRNA inhibited glycolysis induced by hypoxia through decreasing the expression of glycolysis-related proteins (HIF-1α, LDHA, and PDK1), decreasing glucose uptake, lactate production, and ROS production, while increasing mitochondria membrane potential. Moreover, NOX4 silence inhibited cell growth under hypoxia condition through suppressing cell proliferation and proliferation-related proteins (Ki-67 and PCNA) compared with the hypoxia 24 h + siRNA NC group. Further, Western blot experiments exhibited that NOX4 siRNA could downregulate the rate of p-Akt/Akt. Treatment with PI3K/Akt signaling activator IGF-1 blocked, while treatment with Akt inhibitor perifosine enhanced the inhibitory effect of si-NOX4 on glycolysis and cell growth. In summary, knockdown of NOX4 had the ability of reversing hypoxia resistance, and the major mechanism is considered to be the inhibition of glycolysis and cell growth via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Therefore, NOX4 could be a novel target against hypoxia resistance in neuroblastoma.
Silencing Artemis Enhances Colorectal Cancer Cell Sensitivity to DNA-Damaging Agents
Authors: Liu Hai , Wang Xuanxuan , Huang Aihua , Gao Huaping , Sun Yikan , Jiang Tingting , Shi Liming , Wu Xianjie , Dong Qinghua , Sun Xiaonan
Published: February 2018

Artemis is a key protein of NHEJ (nonhomologous end joining), which is the major pathway for the repair of IR-induced DSBs in mammalian cells. However, the expression of Artemis in tumors and the influence of silencing Artemis on tumor sensitivity to radiation have not been investigated
fully. In this study, we investigated how the expression levels of Artemis may affect the treatment outcome of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in colorectal cancer cells. First, we found that the expression of Artemis is strong in some human rectal cancer samples, being higher than in adjacent
normal tissues using immunohistochemical staining. We then knocked down Artemis gene in a human colorectal cancer cell line (RKO) using lentivirus-mediated siRNAs. Compared to the control RKO cells, the Artemis knockdown cells showed significantly increased sensitivity to bleomycin, etoposide,
camptothecin, and IR. Induced by DNA-damaging agents, delayed DNA repair kinetics was found by the γ-H2AX foci assay, and a significantly increased cell apoptosis occurred in the Artemis knockdown RKO cells through apoptosis detection methods and Western blot. We also found that the
p53/p21 signaling pathway may be involved in the apoptosis process. Taken together, our study indicates that manipulating Artemis can enhance colorectal cancer cell sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents. Therefore, Artemis can serve as a therapeutic target in rectal cancer therapy.
Has Algeria Suffered from the Dutch Disease? Evidence from 1960-2016 Data
Authors: Gasmi Farid , Laourari Imène
Published: February 2018

L’économie algérienne dépend fortement des exportations pétrolières. Suite au contrechoc pétrolier de 1986, l’Algérie a connu un déclin persistant de la croissance de son secteur manufacturier. En dépit des prix de pétrole élevés enregistrés au cours des dernières décennies et des nombreuses réformes mises en œuvre, ce pays n’a pas réussi à développer son secteur manufacturier et à diversifier son économie. L’un des principaux mécanismes par lesquels les fluctuations des prix du pétrole peuvent constituer un frein au développement du secteur manufacturier et donc à la croissance de long terme dans une économie qui est tributaire des exportations de ressources naturelles a été identifié dans la littérature comme le phénomène du syndrome hollandais. Ce papier a pour objectif de tester si l’économie algérienne a souffert des principaux symptômes de ce syndrome en analysant des données couvrant plus d’un demi-siècle. Plus précisément, nous utilisons une base de données annuelle couvrant la période 1960 à 2016 pour tester deux implications importantes de ce phénomène qui se produisent suite à un boom pétrolier, à savoir l’effet de dépenses et l’effet du mouvement des ressources. Nous effectuons une batterie de tests d’existence de ces deux effets s’appuyant sur l’approche Autorégressive à Retards Echelonnés ( ARDL ) tout en contrôlant pour d’autres facteurs qui auraient pu conduire à des symptômes économiques similaires. Les résultats ne permettent pas de conclure sans ambiguïté que l’économie algérienne a souffert du syndrome hollandais sur la période 1960 – 2016 ce qui suggère d’approfondir la recherche des causes du faible degré de diversification de l’économie algérienne.
Territorios en disputa: Tensiones entre «extractivismo», derechos étnicos, gobiernos locales y medio ambiente en Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador y Perú
Authors: Restrepo Botero Darío Indalecio , Peña Galeano Camilo Andrés
Published: February 2018

Este capítulo estudia las tensiones subyacentes entre «extractivismo», procesos de descentralización, reconocimiento de derechos étnicos y protección del medio ambiente en cuatro países de América del Sur. Dos de ellos, Bolivia y Ecuador, se adhieren al llamado «socialismo del siglo XXI», mientras que los otros dos, Colombia y Perú, aplican políticas impulsadas por el neoliberalismo. Sin embargo, esta «importante fisura ideológica» no implica diferencias significativas en términos de dependencia de la industria extractiva y sus consecuencias sociales, institucionales y políticas; ni tampoco explica las diferencias en términos de las relaciones entre el extractivismo, la descentralización y las políticas gubernamentales relacionadas con el medio ambiente y los derechos étnicos.
Effect of Mouthrinses containing Olive Oil, Fluoride, and Their Combination on Enamel Erosion: An in vitro Study
Authors: Vivek HP , Geetha Seema , Chandramohan Sabari , Imranulla Md , Srinidhi PB
Published: February 2018

Aim

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of mouthrinses containing olive oil, fluoride, and their combination on enamel erosion.

Materials and methods

An in vitro study of 45 enamel specimens, which were prepared from 45 extracted teeth, was employed. Each specimen was subjected to 10 alternative demineralization and remineralization cycles. Remineralizing cycle includes 5 minutes exposure with one of the mouthrinse, and demineralizing cycle includes 3 minute exposure to 1% citric acid. Mean surface roughness (Ra) was measured from surfometry before and after cycles. Statistical tests used were Student's unpaired t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey's post hoc test.

Results

Among the three mouthrinses, Listerine and Xerostom showed maximum protection against erosion on enamel. The 2% olive oil mouthrinse showed the least protection against erosion on enamel.

Conclusion

The study indicated that the Listerine and Xerostom mouthrinses are valuable preventive measures.

Clinical significance

Mouthrinses are effective for lessening erosive demineralization and in aggregating remineralization of tooth surfaces which are the important factors to prevent enamel erosion.

How to cite this article

Vivek HP, Prashant GM, Geetha S, Chandramohan S, Imranulla M, Srinidhi PB. Effect of Mouthrinses containing Olive Oil, Fluoride, and Their Combination on Enamel Erosion: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018;19(2):130-136.
Effect of Green Tea Varnish on Depth of Root Caries
Authors: Daneshyar Fahimeh , Khamverdi Zahra , Toliat Tayebeh , Alikhani Mohammad Y
Published: February 2018

Aim

Root caries is a common, debilitating condition particularly in the elderly population, which can lead to tooth loss. Evidence shows that green tea has cariostatic effects. Considering the gap of information on green tea varnish, this study aimed to assess the efficacy of green tea varnish in the prevention of root caries.

Materials and methods

This in vitro experimental study was performed on 42 sound premolars. Two layers of acid-resistant nail varnish were applied on root surfaces except for a window of 1 × 4 mm. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups (n = 14). Group I (control) received no intervention. Group II received green tea varnish applied on the roots every 48 hours for 21 days. Group III received green tea varnish every 24 hours for 21 days. Sections of 40 μ thickness were prepared from the center of the window, and the depth of carious lesion was measured in three points with 500 μ distance from each other using polarized light microscope. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16 and nonparametric Kruskal—Wallis and Mann—Whitney U tests (α = 0.05).

Results

The mean (and standard deviation) depth of carious lesion was 54.30 ± 28.64 (μm), 0, and 0 in groups I, II, and III respectively. Control group showed the highest depth of caries. Groups II and III were not significantly different in this respect, but significant differences were noted in depth of caries between groups I and II and also groups I and III (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Based on the results, the green tea varnish may possess anticariogenic effects on root caries when applied every 24 or 48 hours over a 21-day period. Application of green tea varnish every 24 or 48 hours for 21 days may prevent root caries.

Clinical significance

Application of green tea varnish can prevent root caries.

How to cite this article

Daneshyar F, Khamverdi Z, Toliat T, Alikhani MY. Effect of Green Tea Varnish on Depth of Root Caries. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018;19(2):137-142.
Proliferative Index in Invasive Tumor Front of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Potential Prognostic Indicator
Authors: Bhuyan Lipsa , Sarangi Sambit , Das Bijoy K , Das Surya N , Nayak Sarat
Published: February 2018

Aim

The aim of the study was to evaluate the proliferative index (PI) at their invasive front of oral cancer and their association with Bryne's grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and compare the PI with lymph node metastasis, site of involvement, and habits.

Materials and methods

The Ki-67 antigen expression was immunohistochemically evaluated in a total of 102 cases that included the histopathologically diagnosed archival specimens of OSCCs. They were subdivided by Bryne's histopathological grading into grade I (40 cases), grade II (32 cases), and grade III (30 cases). The nucleus with brown stain was considered positive. Cells were counted under 400× magnification. The proliferative activity thus determined was then expressed as a percentage of Ki-67 labeling index (Ki-67 LI) positive cells.

Results

A stepwise increase in the mean Ki-67 LI was found from grade I to III squamous cell carcinoma, thus correlating with the histological grading. In addition, there was a higher PI seen in cases associated with metastatic lymph node, which concords with the higher biologic aggressiveness and poor prognosis of the lesion.

Conclusion

The present study shows a definitive correlation of Ki-67 antigen with the Bryne's histological grading, all the parameters of Bryne's grading for OSCC and lymph node status of the patient proving its association as an effective tool to grade the tumors and finally read the prognosis of the tumor.

Clinical significance

Cell proliferation is regarded as one of the most important biologic mechanisms in oncogenesis. The role of cell proliferation in tumor progression has been inferred in studies concerned with human cancer by comparing the PI of normal tissue, preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions. The Ki-67 antigen-labeled cells can prove to be an effective aid to grade the tumors. It might be possible to standardize and objectify tumor grading among pathology laboratories.

How to cite this article

Bhuyan L, Sarangi S, Das BK, Das SN, Nayak S. Proliferative Index in Invasive Tumor Front of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Potential Prognostic Indicator. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018;19(2):170-176.
Spirometric Assessment of Impact of Complete Dentures on Respiratory Performance: An in vitro Study
Authors: Adoni Vidya V , Indrakumar HS , Venkatesh Deepa , Kashyap Rucha , Jayanthi D , Prakash Nikhil
Published: February 2018

Introduction

Edentulism is one of the debilitating states affecting a significant portion of the geriatric population. It is often considered as the ultimate marker for predicting the pressure and burden on oral health. Respiration is also a routine vital function running continuously through the human body and most commonly assessed by a spirometer. Hence, we planned the present study to assess the impact of complete dentures on the functioning of the respiratory system.

Materials and methods

In the present study, a spirometric assessment of the effect of complete dentures on respiratory performance was done. A total of 100 subjects were included, and diagnostic spirometer was used for carrying out the spirometric test at different stages of each subject. The spirometric test was carried out at four different stages: In the absence of both the denture (AODs), with both the dentures (maxillary and mandibular) inserted in the patient's mouth (BDs), with only maxillary denture inserted in the oral cavity (UDs), and finally, by inserting only the mandibular dentures in the oral cavity (LDs). Forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% (FEF25—75) were evaluated. All the results were compiled and assessed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software.

Results

Of the total 100 subjects included in the study, 42 were males and 58 were females. The mean FVC values of AOD, BD, LD, and UD group were 3.10, 3.02, 2.90, and 2.93 respectively. The mean PEF values of AOD, BD, LD, and UD group were 5.79, 5.60, 5.40, and 5.48 respectively; 2.39, 2.35, 2.33, and 2.32 were the mean FEV1 values observed in AOD, BD, LD, and UD group respectively. Statistically significant results were obtained while comparing AOD—FVC and BD—FVC and other oral conditions.

Conclusion

Spirometric values of respiratory functional tests in edentulous patients might be unfavorably affected by wearing complete dentures.

Clinical significance

Since subjects without complete dentures exhibited a maximum value of respiratory functional test, respiratory exercise protocols should also be carried in denture-wearing edentulous patients for increasing the performance of the respiratory system.

How to cite this article

Indrakumar HS, Venkatesh D, Adoni VV, Kashyap R, Jayanthi D, Prakash N. Spirometric Assessment of Impact of Complete Dentures on Respiratory Performance: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018;19(2):177-180.
Microtensile Bond Strength of Polyacid-modified Composite Resin to Irradiated Primary Molars
Authors: Yilmaz Yucel , Keles Sultan , Sezen Orhan
Published: February 2018

Aim

This study evaluated the influence of various doses of radiotherapy on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of compomer resin to dentin and enamel in primary molars.

Materials and methods

Thirty-five intact primary molars were collected and divided into seven groups. Teeth were irradiated with doses from 10 to 60 Gy, except for the control group. Compomer restorations were performed, and enamel—compomer resin beams and dentin—compomer resin beams were tested at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min.

Results

No statistically significant difference was found between the irradiated tooth enamel and the control group (F= 1.1468; p = 0.194). However, statistically significant differences were evident among the dentin groups (F= 11.050; p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Radiation may not cause a significant difference in the μTBS of compomer resin to primary tooth enamel, but appears to dose dependently decrease its bond strength to primary tooth dentin.

Clinical significance

Radiotherapy may affect the success rate of compomer fillings in primary teeth, especially in deeper cavities with exposed dentin.

How to cite this article

Keles S, Yilmaz Y, Sezen O. Microtensile Bond Strength of Polyacid-modified Composite Resin to Irradiated Primary Molars. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018;19(2):189-195.
Evaluation of the Flexural Strength of Submicron Hybrid Composite using Different Fabrication Methods: An in vitro Study
Authors: Makkar Sameer , Sethi Achla , Sidharth Kanwar , Kaur Taranjit , Singh Sandhu Sukhpash , Joseph Amit K
Published: February 2018

Aim

The aim of this study is to perform three-point bend test on submicron hybrid composite fabricated with direct and indirect veneer technique.

Materials and methods

A total of 20 maxillary anterior teeth were selected, and labial reduction of 0.5 to 0.75 mm with a chamfered finish line for veneer preparation was done. Teeth were divided into two groups depending on fabrication technique being used: group I—veneers fabricated with light and group II—veneers fabricated with light and heat (PHOTOPOL). Specimens were tested under universal testing machine (UTM) where load was applied at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min with a pointer of 1 mm diameter. Data were statistically analyzed.

Results

The results showed highly significant difference between the two groups with the mean value of group I (246.7 ± 2.285 N) and group II (531.1 ± 4.411 N).

Conclusion

The curing mechanism involving light and heat increases the fracture resistance of the veneers.

Clinical significance

Within the limitations of this study, the results led to the conclusion that the association of common composites with a simple postcure heat treatment may be an alternative for current indirect composite systems, although more studies are needed to assess other properties of the composites for this application.

How to cite this article

Sethi A, Makkar S, Sidharth K, Kaur T, Sandhu SS, Joseph AK. Evaluation of the Flexural Strength of Submicron Hybrid Composite using Different Fabrication Methods: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018;19(2):205-209.
Evaluation of Hemoglobin Concentration and Hematocrit Values in Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis Patients in Comparison to Nonankylosed Patients
Authors: Sahota Jasjit , Bakshi Dipanshu , Kaur Guneet , Singh Deepinder , Thakur Ambika , Grover Shekhar
Published: February 2018

Aim

The aim of this study is to find if there is any correlation between the hematological parameters and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis and severity of the disease in such patients when compared with the nonankylosed patients.

Materials and methods

A total of 70 patients with age ranging from 10 to 40 years were included in the study after excluding the subjects according to the inclusion criteria. We categorized the subjects into two major groups: group I: control (nonankylosed/healthy subjects) and group II: study group (ankylosed subjects) with each group containing 35 subjects (n = 35) respectively. A detailed personal and medical history was obtained. The pharynx diameter was also recorded for each patient, and blood investigations using venous blood were done, which included hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit values.

Results

The results of study population showed a mean age of 22 ± 2.2 years. The most common etiology reported was trauma (65.7%) followed by infections, in which Noma was the most common one (80%). The difference of the mean values for hemoglobin and hematocrit concentration, between both the groups, was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between the hemoglobin concentration and duration of ankylosis.

Conclusion

This study was an attempt to find a relation between the hemoglobin and hematocrit values in TMJ ankylosis patients so that the clinical treatment and management of such patients during surgeries be improved and may be beneficial for the patient.

Clinical significance

Temporomandibular joint ankylosis patients have to undergo complex surgical treatment, where the risk of excessive blood loss is high. Therefore, considering the complications of blood transfusions, such as infections and other risk factors, these patients can be good subjects for autologous blood transfusions, which help in improvement of the overall well-being of the patient.

How to cite this article

Singh D, Kaur G, Bakshi D, Sahota J, Thakur A, Grover S. Evaluation of Hemoglobin Concentration and Hematocrit Values in Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis Patients in Comparison to Nonankylosed Patients. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018;19(2):210-213.
Comparison of Preoperative and Perioperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis Regimen in Compound Facial Fractures
Authors: Mamthashri Veeranjaneyalu , Praveen Reddy Bokka
Published: February 2018

Aims and objectives

Intraoperative antibiotics may be effective in elective surgery; there may be an advantage to starting antibiotics preoperatively when there is already an infective focus, such as compound facial fractures. The purpose of this study is to compare preoperative and intraoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in compound facial fractures.

Materials and methods

This is a prospective study conducted over a period of 2 years on 50 patients, who underwent open reduction and rigid internal fixation. The patients were assigned to two groups. The patients in group I received antibiotics at the time of admission. The patients in group II received antibiotics perioperatively at the time of induction of general anesthesia. Postoperatively, the patients were evaluated for the reduction of pain and the presence of infection by assessing the local presence of erythema, swelling, a rise in temperature, and purulent discharge, if any, on a predefined proforma.

Results

A total of 72 fractures were assessed in 50 patients. There was an overall reduction of pain in both the groups. Wound healing status was found to be satisfactory in both the groups.

Conclusion

Wound status and infection rate were evaluated in patients of both the groups. In the study, there was no difference between the two groups on the predecided parameters whether the antibiotics were given either preoperatively or perioperatively.

Clinical significance

It is very essential to have a sound knowledge of the use of antibiotic therapy effectively to prevent the overuse of it and, thereby, help avoid developing resistance to antibiotics in patients.

How to cite this article

Mamthashri V, Reddy BP. Comparison of Preoperative and Perioperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis Regimen in Compound Facial Fractures. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018;19(2):214-220.
Clinical Evaluation of Microhybrid Composite and Glass Ionomer Restorative Material in Permanent Teeth
Authors: Kharma Khalil , Zogheib Tatiana , Mehanna Carina
Published: February 2018

Aim

The aim of this study was to clinically compare glass ionomer cement (GIC) with microhybrid composite resin used in class I cavities on permanent teeth over a period of 9 months.

Materials and methods

A total of 40 teeth with class I cavities were divided into two groups (n = 20) and restored with GIC (EQUIA; GC) and microhybrid resin composite (Amelogen Plus; Ultradent). Restorations were evaluated at ×4.5 magnification using the United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria every 3 months. Statistical analysis was performed using the Fisher's exact test (α < 0.05).

Results

The data obtained reported no statistical significance difference between both groups in regard to anatomical shape, color, postoperative sensitivity, secondary caries, material handling, adaptation, and marginal staining.

Conclusion

The results of this clinical study showed that GIC (EQUIA; GC) can be used for the restoration of permanent teeth and may be more appropriate for certain clinical situations than the resin composite material.

Clinical significance

EQUIA (GIC) is a viable alternative to resin composite in restoring class I cavities in permanent teeth.

How to cite this article

Kharma K, Zogheib T, Bhandi S, Mehanna C. Clinical Evaluation of Microhybrid Composite and Glass Ionomer Restorative Material in Permanent Teeth. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018;19(2):226-232.
Angiogenesis and Fibrogenesis in Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Viewpoint
Authors: Kheur Supriya M , Choudhari Sheetal S , Kulkarni Deepak G , Patankar Sangeeta
Published: February 2018

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is characterized by excessive fibrosis of submucosa. The degree of vascularity in OSF has always been a matter of debate. Angiogenesis is the key mechanism involved in regeneration and repair. It also plays an important role in various pathologic conditions. Angiogenesis may contribute to the progression of fibrosis in fibrotic disorders. Inhibition of pathological angiogenesis is considered to be a new strategy for the treatment of various fibrotic disorders. In OSF, angiogenesis can be related to progression fibrosis. This article briefly describes the role of angiogenesis in pathogenesis of fibrosis in OSF and the importance of inhibition of pathologic angiogenesis in its prevention and treatment.

Clinical significance

Understanding the association between angiogenesis and fibrogenesis can help in developing new therapeutic strategies for treatment of OSF.

How to cite this article

Choudhari SS, Kulkarni DG, Patankar S, Kheur SM, Sarode SC, Sarode GS, Patil S. Angiogenesis and Fibrogenesis in Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Viewpoint. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018;19(2):242-245.
Corrosion and Tribocorrosion Behaviors of Amorphous Carbon Films in Nitric Acid Solutions
Authors: Xie Mingling , Song Yuzhe , Zhang Guangan , Lu Qihai , Cui Xuejun
Published: February 2018

The corrosion and tribocorrosion behaviors of Type 304 stainless steel coated by two different amorphous carbon films, including undoped and Cr-doped amorphous carbon films, were investigated in HNO3 solution, and bare Type 304 stainless steel was used for comparison. In static-corrosion environment, the corrosion current densities of the carbon-based films were decreased by 41% to 97%, when compared with stainless steel, thus suggesting that the corrosion protection properties of the films were excellent. Tribocorrosion tests were conducted to synchronously monitor the open-circuit potential and friction coefficient of the films, and the friction coefficient increased with the increase of HNO3 concentration. Therefore, the carbon-based films could effectively improve the wear resistance of Type 304 stainless steel in HNO3 solutions.
Morphological Awareness and Recall of Passive Vocabulary in Adult Learners
Authors: Bellomo Tom S.
Published: February 2018

A modified and enhanced replication of an original experiment aimed to discover the extent of immediate and long-term vocabulary recall that exploited the mnemonic value of morphemes. Data for a sample size of 360 students were disaggregated based on age and gender using a pre/posttest instrument to determine immediate gains, and a long-term posttest (avg. 5.5 mos.) to determine the lasting effects of the intervention. Results revealed that older adults outperformed younger adults on all measures of the instrument and across all timeframes, with the oldest cohort significantly outperforming all other age groups, and women outperformed men, also on all measures across all timeframes, and significantly so on the vocabulary section of the instrument. Gain scores for all students across all measures and timeframes provide empirical support of the mnemonic value of morphemes when incorporated into a program offering direct vocabulary instruction for adult learners.
Why Have Americans Changed Their Minds about Premarital Sex?
Authors: Clarke George R. G.
Published: February 2018

Since the turn of the new millennium, Americans’ views about sex have become more socially liberal. The percent of Americans who disapproved of pre-marital sex fell by 14 percentage points between 2002 and 2014 and the percent who disapproved of sex between same-sex couples fell by 18 percentage points. In this paper, we ask whether demographic changes can explain these trends. We find generational shifts between people born in the early and later part of the 20th century can explain about 30 percent of the change. Other demographic changes, including decreased religiosity and marital rates, explain an extra 10 to 15 percent of the change. Because these demographic changes will probably continue, Americans’ views on these issues will probably become even more liberal in future decades.
The Lawyer’s Discourse in the Courtroom: A Contrastive Study in English and Arabic
Authors: Betti Mohammed Jasim , Hashim Thura Ghalib
Published: February 2018

The study is restricted to examine and contrast the linguistic features (lexical, syntactic, discourse and pragmatic) of the English and Arabic lawyers’ discourse in the courtroom. Eight trials are selected for the sake of comparison and investigation: four English trials and four Arabic ones with sixteen lawyers (eight for the plaintiff and eight for the defendant). Carrying out the analysis relies on the use of the constructed model and the statistical program called “Statistical Package for the Social Sciences” (SPSS) that is used in this study to analyze the collected data statistically. The current study is mainly an attempt to put a spot of light on the special lawyer’s language in the courtroom in English and Arabic, and also to investigate this jargon by means of some stated levels. The study arrives at the unique features of legal language, and at some significant similarities and differences between English and Arabic.
Abolishing the Doctrine of Consideration - The Story of the Arra- Part 2
Authors: McBain Graham
Published: February 2018

Abolishing the Doctrine of Consideration - The Story of the Arra- Part 2
How Drought Affects Agricultural Insurance Policies: The Case of Italy
Authors: Fusco Giulio , Miglietta Pier Paolo , Porrini Donatella
Published: February 2018

Despite their growing intensity and the enormous costs, adverse meteorological events are still perceived as “exceptional”. Among the adverse weather events, the management of drought risk plays a key role due to the more pressing problem of the scarcity of water resources. In this context, agricultural insurance can represent a financial and risk mitigation tool for farmers. In this perspective, the aims of this study are: (1) to analyze, through a systematic review, the main findings of the scientific literature focused on the empirical and theoretical approach to the relation between adverse weather events in agriculture, risk and insurance; (2) to collect agroclimatic and insurance data for each Italian province for the period 2004-2011, (3) to measure the influence of climatic agroclimatic variables on insurance variables, i.e. Total Premiums, Insured Value and Certificates.The results of the analysis show the significance of the precipitation variable and its negative effect with each insurance dependent variable. The same result can be observed focusing on the effect of minimum temperature on two insurance variables, i.e. Total Premiums and Certificates. Models tested explain a range between 44% and 51% of the variation in our insurance dependent variables.
Lluís Vives: Diàlegs, IV. Escolars
Authors: Pin i Soler J.
Published: February 2018

Lluís Vives: Diàlegs, IV. Escolars
La filosofia de Joan Lluís Vives
Authors: Serra Hunter Jaume
Published: February 2018

La filosofia de Joan Lluís Vives
Notes sobre la Dialèctica de Vives
Authors: Hernàndez Francesc J.
Published: February 2018

Notes sobre la Dialèctica de Vives
Introducció
Authors: VIVESIANA .
Published: February 2018

Introducció
Número complet
Authors: VIVESIANA .
Published: February 2018

Número complet
Prediction of CD8 and CD4 T cell epitopes in the polyprotein of Zika Virus; an immunoinformatics approach
Authors: Zaheer Tahreem , Khan Muhammad Talha Shahid , Dar Hamza Arshad , Ashraf Shifa Tariq , Paracha Rehan Zafar , Ali Amjad
Published: February 2018

Background: Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arbovirus that belongs to family Flaviviridae. The virus has emerged as a global threat and no FDA approved vaccine is available, so an efficient vaccine needs to be designed in order to prevent the infection. Computationally designed vaccines can be used for broad-spectrum therapeutics as they can evoke response against viral infections. In the current study, we have predicted antigenic promiscuous T cell epitopes from Zika virus polyprotein using a range of immune-informatics tools and servers.

Methods: A total of 238 polyprotein sequences derived from 238 complete genomes were retrieved using NIAID Virus Pathogen Resource and multiple aligned. Using a consensus sequence, the promiscuous CD8-T cell epitopes were predicted from Propred I and CTLPred and their binding affinities were determined by NetMHC4.0. CD4-T cell epitopes were predicted using ProPred and the binding affinities were determined by MHCPred. Antigenicity score and Immunogenicity score was determined from Vaxijen 2.0 and IEDB immunogenicity tool. Homology was found by pBLAST.

Results: Among 78 predicted HLA-I binding epitopes, 19 highly antigenic, immunogenic and high-affinity epitopes are prioritized among which 15 are novel vaccine candidates. However, 66 strong HLA-II interacting T cell epitopes are pooled out from 70 predicted epitopes. Among the shortlisted CD4-T cell epitopes 56 epitopes are novel.

Conclusion: Epitope-based vaccines are robust and promising candidates against bacterial and viral infections. The predicted epitopes can serve as potential vaccine candidates. Our study shows promising epitopes that can be used to generate stimulate active immune responses in the majority of the human population around the world, However, our results need validation through experimental studies for confirmation.
Twelve years of BIOinformatics CLUb for Experimenting Scientists (Bioclues)
Authors: Das Partha Sarathi , Poddar Rajdeep , Sarkar Saumyadip , Megha MohanKumar , Sundararajan Vijayaraghava Seshadri , Nallapeta Sivaramaiah , Reddy Pratap V V , Valadi Jayaraman K , Varadwaj Pritish Kumar , Singh Tiratha Raj , Suravajhala Prashanth
Published: February 2018

We describe the scientific community of an India effort, the Bioinfomatics Club for Experimenting Scientists (Bioclues) whose aim works on four avenues, viz. Mentoring, Outreach, Research and Entrepreneurship (MORE). Incepted in the year 2005, the organization went on to become an affiliate of International Society for Computational Biology (ISCB) in 2011. Ably supported by Asia pacific Bioinformatics Network (APBioNet), we are one of the fastest growing bioinformatics societies in India, currently serving over 3400 members from nearly 30 countries. Bioclues adheres Creative Commons License with the prime focus to help the bioinformaticists in India to promote open access. In the year 2010, when we setup vision 2020, we aimed to bring together the Indian bioinformaticians, foster a strong working mentor-mentee relationship, provide access to bioinformatics resources, organize conferences and workshops besides imparting information about research, training, education, employment and current events and news from bioinformatics, genomics, and related fields. In this article, we describe the challenges across the four avenues and further highlight the opportunities the organization has met the last decade in understanding the core necessity of computational biology virtual projects driven by these avenues viz. MORE.
A metodologia dos máximos de precipitação aplicada ao estudo de eventos extremos diários nos municípios de Crato, Fortaleza e Sobral-CE
Authors: Monteiro Jander Barbosa , Zanella Maria Elisa
Published: February 2018

No Brasil, eventos extremos máximos de precipitação são constantemente noticiados pela mídia devido ao grande poder deflagrador de impactos socioambientais que possuem. Como existem muitos fatores e variáveis que dificultam a identificação de um evento como extremo, este artigo objetiva identificar e avaliar eventos extremos máximos diários de chuva a partir da aplicação da metodologia estatística dos máximos de precipitação nos municípios cearenses de Crato, Fortaleza e Sobral (altamente urbanizados e localizados em contextos geoambientais diferentes). No período de janeiro de 1980 a junho de 2017 identificou-se eventos de grande intensidade, sistemas atmosféricos relacionados e impactos associados a estes. A maioria dos eventos ocorreu entre fevereiro e maio, geralmente associados à Zona de Convergência Intertropical - ZCIT. Dentre os impactos registrados destacam-se alagamentos, desabrigo, feridos e até mortes. Ainda que tais episódios ocorram, o planejamento e a gestão adequados podem contribuir para a adoção de estratégias de adaptação e prevenção.

Abstract

THE PRECIPITATION CAPITAL LEVEL METHODOLOGY ENFORCED TO DAILY EXTREME EVENT STUDIES IN CRATO, FORTALEZA AND SOBRAL CITY IN BRAZIL

In Brazil, capital extreme events of precipitation are often broadcasted by press due to their big exploder force of environmental impacts into society. This work has the goal of identify and assess the daily capital extreme events of rain from the application of the stastistic methodology of precipitation capital levels in the cearence cities of Crato, Fortaleza and Sobral (highly urbanized and located into different geo-environmental contexts) facing factors and different situations which hinder the identification of an event as an extreme event. From January of 1980 to july of 2017 has been identified events of huge intensity, connected atmospheric systems and related impacts. Most of these events has occurred between february and may, usually connected to the intertropical convergence zone – ICZ. Among the registered impacts stand out floodings, homeless, injured people and dead ones. Even if these situations occur, planning and suitable management may contribute to implementation of adaptation and prevention strategies.
Entre a escola e a universidade: os múltiplos sentidos do trabalho de campo como mediação didática
Authors: Girotto Eduardo Donizeti , Moretto Beatriz Campos
Published: February 2018

Neste artigo, discutimos a importância do trabalho de campo no desenvolvimento de processos de ensino-aprendizagem em geografia na educação básica e no ensino superior. Para tanto, analisamos duas experiências, com foco na análise da mediação desempenhada pelos cadernos de campo neste processo. A primeira se refere aos trabalhos realizados com turmas do Ensino Fundamental e Médio na Escola de Aplicação da Faculdade de Educação da USP. A segunda trata de trabalho de campo realizado na disciplina de Geografia Regional do Brasil I – Sul, do Departamento de Geografia da USP. A análise foi construída a partir do acompanhamento das diferentes etapas de elaboração e execução dos trabalhos de campo, discutindo e problematizando os sentidos dos cadernos de campo em cada uma delas. Ao final da investigação, foi possível perceber a importância do caderno de campo nos trabalhos analisados, uma vez que, construídos de forma coletiva e colaborativa, reforçam o caráter interdisciplinar do conhecimento e do processo educativo. Além disso, na experiência desenvolvida no ensino superior, foi possível verificar a importância de que os futuros docentes se apropriem desta metodologia para que assim possam defendê-la, política e epistemologicamente, na educação básica.

Abstract

BETWEEN SCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY: THE MULTIPLE MEANINGS OF FIELDWORK AS A DIDACTIC MEDIATION

In this article, we discuss the importance of fieldwork in the development of teaching-learning processes in geography in basic education and in higher education. For this, we analyze two experiments, focusing on the analysis of the mediation performed by the field notebooks in this process. The first one refers to the work done with classes of Elementary and Middle School in the School of Application of the School of Education of USP. The second one deals with fieldwork carried out in the discipline of Regional Geography of Brazil I - Sul, of the Department of Geography of USP. The analysis was built from the follow-up of the different stages of elaboration and execution of the field works, discussing and problematizing the senses of the field notebooks in each of them. At the end of the research, it was possible to perceive the importance of the field notebook in the analyzed works, since, constructed in a collective and collaborative way, they reinforce the interdisciplinary character of knowledge and the educational process. Moreover, in the experience developed in higher education, it was possible to verify the importance of future teachers to appropriate this methodology so that they can defend it, both politically and epistemologically, in basic education.
Desmatamento da carnaúba (Copernicia prunifera (Mill.) H.E. Moore) em Campo Maior-PI
Authors: Cerqueira Emiliana Barros , Gomes Jaíra Maria Alcobaça
Published: February 2018

Esse estudo busca analisar as áreas de carnaubais que foram suprimidas no município de Campo Maior, verificando a evolução e a mudança na cobertura vegetacional, os índices pluviométricos, a composição do PIB nos setores da economia (primário, secundário e terciário), a densidade demográfica e a taxa de urbanização. Para tanto, utilizou-se as imagens disponíveis no site da Empresa Brasileira de Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) (MODIS/NDVI) referentes ao período de 2002 a 2016. Os dados demográficos e econômicos foram obtidos no site do IBGE, e as informações sobre precipitação, no site do INPE Além disso, realizou-se pesquisas in loco em áreas de carnaubais e conversas informais com representantes do poder público local. Concluiu-se que houve supressão de carnaúbas para a implantação de empreendimentos imobiliários na área urbana, em consonância com o crescimento econômico e demográfico do município. As imagens do Índice de Vegetação por Diferença Normalizada (NDVI) de 2005 e 2016 refletiram essas modificações.

Abstract

DEFORESTATION OF CARNAUBA (Copernicia prunifera (Mill.) H.E. Moore) IN CAMPO MAIOR - PI

This study investigates the areas of carnauba palm forest that were removed in the municipality of Campo Maior, checking the progress and change in vegetation coverage, rainfall rates, the composition of GDP in the sectors of the economy (primary, secondary and tertiary), population density and the rate of urbanization. To this end, there were used images available in the Embrapa site (MODIS / NDVI) from the period of 2002 to 2016. Data on GDP, population density and urbanization rate were obtained from the IBGE site. In addition, there were conducted surveys on-site in areas of carnauba palm forest and informal talks with representatives of local government. It was concluded that there was suppression of carnaubas to implementation of real estate projects in the urban area, consistent with the economic and demographic growth of the municipality. The images of NDVI of 2005 and 2016 reflected this modifications.
Resíduos sólidos: presença e ameaça no espaço geográfico
Authors: Tavares do Nascimento Clesley Maria , Brito da Cruz Maria Lúcia
Published: February 2018

O presente artigo versa sobre a trajetória dos resíduos sólidos em diferentes períodos históricos, configurando-os como elementos construtivos do espaço geográfico. A intenção de trazer a temática a partir da perspectiva espaço-temporal está balizada na convicção da indissociabilidade das categorias espaço e tempo e de sua importância na compreensão de um fenômeno geográfico. O suporte metodológico desta investigação apoiou-se na pesquisa do tipo documental, envolvendo levantamento bibliográfico, consulta a fontes secundárias, como livros, periódicos acadêmicos, dissertações e teses sobre a temática. Os resultados apresentados e discutidos neste trabalho indicaram que a produção de resíduos é contígua ao tempo histórico, reflete as sociedades e as técnicas que os geraram, e é parte permanente do dialético processo de formação espacial.

Abstract

SOLID WASTE: PRESENCE AND THREATIN GEOGRAPHICAL SPACE

This article deals with the trajectory of the solid waste in different historical periods, configuring them as a constructive element of geographical space. The intention to bring the theme from the timeline perspective, is marked out in the conviction of the inseparability of the categories of space and time and its importance in understanding a geographical phenomenon. The methodological support of this research relied on the documentary type of research involving literature, consultation of secondary sources such as books, academic journals, dissertations and theses on the subject. The results presented and discussed in this paper indicated that the production of waste is adjacent to historical time, reflects societies and techniques that generated them, and is a permanent part of the dialectical process of spatial formation.
Epigenetic modifications—insight into oligodendrocyte lineage progression, regeneration, and disease
Authors: Gregath Alexander , Lu Qing Richard
Published: February 2018

Myelination by oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system permits high‐fidelity saltatory conduction from neuronal cell bodies to axon terminals. Dysmyelinating and demyelinating disorders impair normal nervous system functions. Consequently, an understanding of oligodendrocyte differentiation that moves beyond the genetic code into the field of epigenetics is essential. Chromatin reprogramming is critical for steering stage‐specific differentiation processes during oligodendrocyte development. Fine temporal control of chromatin remodeling through ATP‐dependent chromatin remodelers and sequential histone modifiers shapes a chromatin regulatory landscape conducive to oligodendrocyte fate specification, lineage differentiation, and maintenance of cell identity. In this Review, we will focus on the biological functions of ATP‐dependent chromatin remodelers and histone deacetylases in myelinating oligodendrocyte development and implications for myelin regeneration in neurodegenerative diseases.