bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Semantics of Enmity: Aggressive Subject Naming in Modern Internet Communication
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Rebrina Larisa
Published: November 2021

The article presents research results, and highlights the peculiarities of hostile-minded subject naming in Internet communication in the 21 st century. The composition of the paradigmatic subset under consideration is determined, its internal structure, word-formation features, semantics, syntagmatics and functioning of constituents are characterized. The research is carried out through purposeful sampling, semantic, definitional, contextual analysis, some aspects of motivational, word-formation and syntactic analysis, quantitative method. It is shown, that the majority of the new names are borrowed from the English language and derived from Anglicisms. Mental and linguistic representation of a hostile subject reflects such parameters as: the verbal / nonverbal nature of the subject's actions; animate / inanimate object of hostility; the membership of the subject and object of hostility of a certain group; obligatory / optional allies of the subject; the degree of the subjects emotional involvement; the purpose of the actions / needs of the subject. The studied designations differ in the frequency of use in the described network communicative practices and are used to characterize the corresponding phenomenon or class of subjects, a particular member of the Internet community; for the speakers self-presentation; as an evaluative appeal. There is a tendency to romanticize certain classes of the named aggressive subjects. The emergence of new designations of a hostile subject and their functioning are determined by the turn towards intensification, intellectualization, integration and internationalization.
Representation of Natural Codes in the Individual Author’s Style of P.P. Bazhov (Exemplified by the Concept “Zoloto” (“Gold”))
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Mining University, Shchukina Daria , Stepanova Lyubov ,   Saint Petersburg Mining University
Published: November 2021

The article states the investigation results and highlights the peculiarities of natural codes representation in the tales (skazy) by P.P. Bazhov through the analysis of concept "zoloto" ("gold") and the associated concepts in contrast with the data from lexicographic sources of modern Russian literary language. The tales (skazy) by the Ural writer were used as the research material. As a result of the analysis, the features of the etymological, basic, associative levels of the concept "zoloto" ("gold") were revealed in the individual author's discourse of P. Bazhov. It has been found out that etymological level of the studied concept is represented by the meaning "precious metal of yellow colour" both in the Russian literary language and in the individual author's discourse of the Ural writer. Some denotative meanings recorded in the Russian literary language are revealed not to actualize in Bazhov's discourse. The differences in the associative level of the concept reflected in the writer's tales and in the minds of the speakers of the Russian literary language are determined. The appearance of additional regionally marked meanings is caused by natural, cultural, professional activities of the inhabitants of the Urals tightly connected with the extraction and processing of precious stones and metals, as well as the regional mythology. The practical significance of the research lies in the development of a system of theoretical knowledge about the concept structure, and the identification of regionally marked meanings of the conceptual sphere of P. Bazhov's individual author's discourse.
The Indications and Outcomes of Ileostomy Following Pancreas Transplantation
Authors: OO Okidi , MM Pretorian , B Forgacs , B Campbell , A Tavakoli
Published: November 2021

Background: Pancreas transplantation is associated with high incidence of intra-abdominal sepsis and reoperations. There is little data on the incidence and need for an ileostomy post pancreas transplantation. However, it is noted anecdotally that this is not uncommon occurrence post enteric drained pancreas transplantation.
TÜRKİYE’DE GIDA PERAKENDECİLİĞİNDE DİJİTALLEŞME VE COVID-19’UN DİJİTALLEŞME ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİNİ BELİRLEMEYE YÖNELİK NİTEL BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: GEZİCİ Ferhan , ÇELEBİ Dilay , HATİPOĞLU İsra , EVCİ Dilşad , SELÇUK Fatma
Published: November 2021

COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında çevrimiçi hizmetlere olan talepteki artış; pandemi sonrası bir dünyada da perakende sektöründe çevrimiçi alışveriş sisteminin daha fazla ilgi göreceğine işaret etmektedir. Bu makale, dijitalleşme ile e-ticaretin yükselişine ve bu değişimin gıda perakende sektöründeki etkilerinin COVID-19 pandemisi ile hızlanmasına ilişkin tartışmalara katkı sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla, pandemi öncesinde de gündemde olan çevrimiçi alışverişin, pandemi sürecinde nasıl bir artış gösterdiği ve işletmelerin ne tür aksiyonlar aldığı sorularına cevap aranacaktır. Araştırma amacına uygun olarak, üç farklı kategorideki organize gıda perakende işletmeleri, Türkiye’nin en büyük metropol kenti olan İstanbul’dan seçilen örneklem ile derinlemesine görüşmelere dayalı olarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın öne çıkan bulguları, çevrimiçi alışverişe yönelen tüketici taleplerini pandeminin hızlandırdığı yönündedir. Ancak, pandeminin ilk dönemlerinde yaşanan çevrimiçi alışveriş talebinin artışı, normalleşme ile birlikte etkisini bir ölçüde kaybetmiştir. Dijital altyapısını önceden geliştirmiş olan işletmeler çevrimiçi alışveriş taleplerine daha kolay cevap verirken, sermayesi kısıtlı yerel marketlerin büyük bir bölümü ise çevrimiçi altyapıya yatırım yapmayı gerekli görmemiştir. Gıda perakendede diğer perakende sektörlerine göre çevrimiçi alışverişin payının çok yükselmeyeceği ve sektörün geleceğinde hem fiziksel hem de sanal mağazacılığın yer alacağı anlaşılmaktadır. Yine de çevrimiçi satışların artması, gıda perakende işletmelerinin kent içindeki mekânsal ihtiyaçlarını değiştirecektir.
Reversing the 'syndrome of secrecy': Peremptory reporting obligations in cases of child abuse and neglect
Authors: Bekink Mildred
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT Mandatory reporting laws are a controversial mechanism that require members of particular occupations to report cases of serious child maltreatment that they encounter in the course of their work to welfare or law enforcement agencies. In April 2019 a video went viral in which a woman filmed her colleague beating toddlers at a crèche in Gauteng. The crèche was closed, and arrests were made, including of the videographer. Given extent of violence and abuse against South African children, this paper investigates whether South African law adequately provides for the liability of those compelled to report child abuse but who fail to do so, why mandated reporters fail to report abuse, and how South Africa's mandatory reporting rules should be amended to better serve their purpose.
A review of the 2030 Human Resources for Health Strategy: Implications for dentistry in South Africa
Authors: Bhayat Ahmed , Nkambule Ntombizodwa R , Madiba Thomas K
Published: November 2021

The South African National Department of Health (NDoH) released a report in March 2020: “2030 Human Resources for Health (HRH) Strategy: Investing in the Health Workforce for Universal Health Coverage”. This report, has implications for the training of dental personnel and the planning of dental services in South Africa(SA). The aim was to summarise and critique the HRH strategic document with reference to dentistry. This was an independent review of the report and included recommendations and implications for the training of dental personnel in SA. The report employed two models to predict the number of dental personnel that will be required; one on achieving provincial equity and the other on improving access to Primary Heath Care (PHC) facilities. The calculations were based on dental personnel employed in the public sector and the number of uninsured people in SA. The first model predicted a shortfall of 486 dentists, 60 specialists, 13 Dental Technicians (Dent Tech), 162 Dental Therapists (DTs) and 104 Oral Hygienists (OHs). The second model, based on PHC utilization, predicted a surplus of 341 dentists and a shortage of 1128 OHs and 1164 DTs. In order to meet these shortages, NDoH would have to allocate R840 million or 2.3 Billion rands respectively, depending on which model is chosen. Irrespective of the model utilised, the NDoH needs to create and fill more dental posts, especially in provinces with low dental practitioner to population ratios. Dental training institutions need to align the training of dental graduates to meet the demands as set out in the report.
Orthodontic status and treatment need of 13 to 15 year-old children in Kwa-Zulu Natal South Africa: An epidemiology study using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI)
Authors: Ramson Kiran , Singh Shenuka
Published: November 2021

The prevalence of malocclusion among school going children in KwaZulu-Natal remains poorly defined despite the known physiological and psychological impact of this dental occurrence. The aim and objectives of this study was to determine the prevalence of malocclusion and possible treatment need in 13-15 year-old school going children in Durban, Kwa-Zulu Natal. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted on 270 school-going children aged 13 to 15 years, in the Umlazi and Pinetown school districts. A two-staged clustered and systematic random sampling technique was used to draw the study sample. Data was collected through an intraoral examination of occlusal status and the malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need was assessed through use of the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Questionnaires were developed to collect information on the learners’ health status and socio demographic profile. The results indicated that 144 (53.3%) of the 270 learners had DAI scores <25 (no abnormality or minor malocclusion not requiring orthodontic treatment); 26 learners (9.6%) had DAI scores of between 26-30 (definite malocclusion requiring elective orthodontic treatment); 59 learners (21.9%) had DAI scores of between 31-35 (severe malocclusion requiring orthodontic treatment); and 41 learners (15.2%) had DAI scores >36 (very severe or handicapping malocclusion requiring mandatory orthodontic treatment). There was an increase in the proportion of malocclusion in older children. The age group of 15 years old had a mean and standard deviation of 30.02+8.9 when compared to the age group 13 years old (27.76+12.17). The association between gender distribution and severity of malocclusion was found to be statistically significant (p=0.01). The present study primarily indicated a significant prevalence of malocclusion in the identified children. Although 53.3% of children did not require treatment, 37.1% presented with severe and handicapping malocclusion. This suggests a definite and mandatory treatment need for this group of children. The study could provide useful baseline epidemiological data that could inform oral health planning on the prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need for 13-15 year-old school going children in the identified geographical area.
SELECTED CHALLENGES IN THE SOUTH AFRICAN ANTI-MARKET ABUSE ENFORCEMENT FRAMEWORK IN RELATION TO SOME ASPECTS OF THE FINANCIAL MARKETS
Authors: Howard Chitimira
Published: November 2021

The objective of this article is to provide an overview analysis of the challenges and/or flaws in the current anti-market abuse-enforcement framework in relation to some selected specific aspects of the financial markets in South Africa. This is primarily done to increase awareness on the part of the policy makers and other relevant stakeholders and to innovate possible solutions to such flaws in order to enhance the enforcement of the market-abuse prohibition in South Africa. Moreover, this is done to investigate whether the current South African anti-market abuse-enforcement framework is robust enough to deal with some market abuse-related challenges that manifested during the recent global financial crisis. In relation to this, the article seeks to explore this and other enforcement-related concerns by, first, taking a closer look at the adequacy of the South African anti-market abuse-enforcement framework with regard to remuneration structures and crisis management. Secondly, the adequacy of the South African anti-market abuse-enforcement framework with regard to management of risk will be discussed. Lastly, the adequacy of the aforementioned enforcement framework will be examined in relation to accounting standards.
THE ROLE OF THE LIMITED PARTNER DEEMING PROVISION IN THE INCOME TAX ACT: DOES SECTION 24H(2) ACHIEVE ITS INTENDED PURPOSE?
Authors: Afton Titus
Published: November 2021

The 1990s brought the announcement that National Treasury plans to rewrite the entire Income Tax Act 58 of 1962. The rationale for this ambitious endeavour was founded on the practical difficulties encountered with applying an Act that what was little more than a collection of ad hoc sections. Nothing further was said of this objective until 2005, when the Finance Minister confirmed that the rewrite remained a long-term goal, although he was uncertain when the process would begin. In 2010, it was stated that the rewrite of the Act would begin with the tax treatment of employment income.The potential rewrite of the Act is an opportune catalyst to investigate the continued usefulness or otherwise of section 24H(2), and the role it has assumed in the tax treatment of partnerships – particularly limited partnerships – in South African law. This paper questions whether South African law needs this particular provision. In doing so, I question whether the doubts that provided the impetus for the introduction of this section are sound, or whether the section only serves to raise more questions than it answers.
UNLOCKING MINERAL-TENURE SECURITY: THE APPLICATION PROCEDURES UNDER THE MINERAL AND PETROLEUM RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT ACT 28 OF 2002
Authors: Heleen van Niekerk
Published: November 2021

It is essential that a country’s regulatory regime provides mineral-tenure security to investors to attract investment to its mining industry. This article argues that security of tenure in the mining industry requires evaluation in two phases, namely the holding phase and the application phase. This article focuses only on the application phase that concerns procedures for application and granting of rights to minerals. Four markers are identified in order to evaluate whether the application and granting procedures in the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act, 28 of 2002 provide security of tenure to applicants for and holders of rights to minerals. The article provides a detailed analysis of two of these markers, namely exclusivity and the first-come, first-served principles.
Intratibial implantation of tumor cells v1
Authors: Agarwal Shubhangi , not provided donna.peehl , Sriram Renuka
Published: November 2021

This protocol describes the steps required for the successful implantation of small cell neuroendocrine prostate cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) cells in the bone. Bone is one of the most common sites for the development of metastatic prostate cancer and its study is important for evaluating the tumor characteristics and response to therapy. This protocol can be used for the implantation of any tumor cell line in the bone.
Cyanobacterial Encapsulation In Biocompatible Silica Gels v1
Authors: not provided celiamm
Published: November 2021

Silica gels are a biohybrid material for the encapsulation of cyanobacteria. Their internal structure is based on a highly porous three-dimensional SiO2 network with a mesoporous distribution of porosity, with a high number of micropores and mesopores. The cells are "encapsulated" in the material as they are embedded in the matrix, establishing almost direct contact with it. There is a reduced space between the cell and the silica matrix, favouring contact. Macroscopically, the material can be presented in almost any desired shape and structure, ideally as thin films or hollow tubular monoliths of reduced thickness. Visually, it appears to be a rigid, greenish-coloured material. The gels allow a low diffusional limit, its transparency allows cells to photosynthesise, and it is tough. Their synthesis is not simple, as the behaviour of the gels can be variable; but in the end they form an almost ideal encapsulation for cyanobacteria.
COMICS IN THE UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE CLASSROOM: BUILDING SOCIO-CULTURAL COMPETENCE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Zyazyun Laryssa , Dziuba Maryna ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv
Published: November 2021

The article investigates the instructional potential of comics in building the socio-cultural competence of secondary school students in the Ukrainian language classroom. The urgency of the problem is related to the task of reforming Ukrainian school education to create learning conditions aimed at the development of a learner as a subject of culture and multicultural language personality, able to successfully engage in social interaction with the bearers of another culture. Moreover, there is a lack of research of the educational potential of comics in the Ukrainian context, which also determines the relevance of this article that aims to explore the ways of using comics in the Ukrainian language classroom to boost the socio-cultural competence of secondary school students. Apart from reading comics, the creation of them in the classroom is extensively used as a means of building socio-cultural competence in the context of world education. It is the syncretism of graphic and text-verbal components that makes the genre of comics a unique teaching tool. Although using comics in language instruction is viewed as an innovative technique of building socio-cultural competence as well as enhancing the communication skills of students, it has limited application in Ukrainian secondary schools. Therefore, based on the analysis of the available research and the authors’ experience, the paper proves the effectiveness of comics in boosting socio-cultural knowledge, increasing motivation to learn, developing critical and creative thinking of students. The authors of the article substantiate the instructional advantages of using comics in language teaching and offer a lesson plan in the Ukrainian language for 6th-grade school students.
The analysis of complex influence of the adverse ecological/ professional factors on reproduction health of the women
Authors: Bezhenar Vitaly F. , Kira Evgeny F. , Tsvelev Yuri V. , Antushevich А. E. , Nikiforov А. M.
Published: November 2021

As a result of the study and generalization of the results of a comprehensive examination of 3339 women, the main mechanisms of occurrence, clinical manifestations and dynamics of reproductive health disorders in women under the combined influence of unfavorable environmental and occupational factors (radiation accident, toxic chemical production) were established and the main directions for their diagnosis, treatment and prevention were substantiated.
Environmental pollution, immunology researches, humoral immunity, immunological indices of risk, pregnant women, new-born, children of the first year of age
Authors: Sivochalova O. V. , Dujeva L. A. , Golovaneva G. V.
Published: November 2021

Pregnant women in last trimester of pregnancy living in 2 districts of Moscow were clinically examined. The immunology researches show that 69 % of all pregnant have the changes in humoral immunity: decrease of IgG, increase of IgM,CIC,and IgE.

It was also found that somatic health of women pregnancy complications and corresponding immunological changes found in last trimester of pregnancy negatively influenced on health of new-born and formation of health during first year of age. So diagnosis of intrauterine fetus hypoxia. Low Apgar score (6 points and lower), brain circulation disorders of hypoxia genesis diagnosis of hypertensional syndrome was significantly more frequent between new-born of ecologically polluted district.

The study conducted permitted to substantiate the immunological indices of risk for reproductive health of women and health of their offspring. These are: a) decrease of IgG concentration in blood, b) increase of CIC along with rise of overall IgE, c) presence of antihapten antibodies to environmental pollutants. These indices are recommended for inclusion in social and hygienic monitoring, ordinances of Health Ministry in the sphere of maternity and childhood protection.
Neurology of a fetus - opportunity and prospect of research
Authors: Pavlova N. G. , Konstantinova N. N.
Published: November 2021

The article presents literary review about fetal CNS development and its disorders, own investigation results of pathogenesis, diagnostic methods of fetal neurological disorders in different obstetrical and extragenital pathology in pregnant women.
Investigations of Bio-Ecology on Androctonus crassicauda: Buthidae Occuring in Sanliurfa
Authors: ASLAN Nevin , TOPRAK Şahin
Published: November 2021

Androctonus crassicauda scorpion species lives in nature both as a prey and a predator. So it has venom that can be effective for hunting and protection. It can cause venoming and death by stinging people and animals. It is of great importance to know the ecological characteristics and density of this scorpion species, especially in regions where venoming cases are high. In the present study, Şanlıurfa province, where the scorpion species Androctonus crassicauda is prevalent, was chosen as the research area. 289 samples were collected after field studies in all districts of Şanlıurfa province. Owing to desolated and stony structure, Androctonus crassicauda was observed to be more intensive in Harran district. It was generally found from April to October. The most abundant period of the species is June, July, and August. Considering the seasonal expectation, test results of correlation for a series with non-normal distribution were listed in two options, Kendall'stau_b correlation coefficient and Spearman'srho correlation coefficient. There was a positive correlation of 0,168 (16%) at 1% significance between month and population for the former (Kendall'stau_b) coefficient. A positive correlation of 0,231 (23%) at 1% significance level between month and population for the latter (Spearman'srho) coefficient. In the view of regional expectation, results of correlation test for a non-normal distribution were presented in two options. A negative correlation of 0,099 (9%) was found at 5% significance level between region and population for the former coefficient. There was a negative correlation of 0,128 (12%) at 5% significance level between region and population for the second coefficient. The study revealed a variation between seasons and districts.
“Head of the Chechen People”: Petr Bellik in the History of the Incorporation of the Highlanders to the Russian Office in the North Caucasus
Authors: Matveev Oleg
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the features of the incorporation of horses in the Russian government system in Chechnya in the early 1850s — early 1860s. The author analyzes the experience of Petr Bellik on the management of Chechens, notes the controversial nature of the integration of the Highlanders to the Russian ethnocultural space, reveals the positive and negative aspects of the activities of the Tsarist administration in Chechnya. The process of incorporation in many ways contributed to the personal qualities of the head of the Chechen people who managed to create a positive way of power, the conditions for the adaptation of the Highlanders to civilian management and self-government, peasant and land reforms, social equality and peaceful classes.
Features of Formation and Coronization of the State Apparatus in the Context of National Construction in the Northern Caucasus in 1920s — 1930s
Authors: Averianov Anton
Published: November 2021

The article examines the features of the policy of the indigenization of the state apparatus in the national autonomies of the North Caucasus in the 1920s — 1930s. Based on the analysis of the achievements of modern historiography, as well as a wide range of archival documents, the main tasks, directions and stages of the indigenization of state authorities are highlighted. The emphasis is on studying the specifics of the indigenization of the lower Soviet apparatus — village councils and aul councils, which were considered as the basis of Soviet power in the North Caucasus. The article substantiates the position that the process of Soviet construction and the indigenization of the lower Soviet authorities in the mountain autonomies had an identical character. It is emphasized that the indigenous policy was of an applied nature and was the most important component of the state strategy of nation-building in the region. Its essence consisted in the promotion of national personnel to managerial and technical positions in the state apparatus and the translation of office work into national languages. It is noted that the process of indigenization proceeded unevenly, had different dynamics and faced a number of difficulties due to local cultural, social and everyday characteristics. It is shown that in the 1920s. the indigenization of the state apparatus had a political implication and was aimed at ensuring the loyalty of the peoples of the North Caucasus to the Soviet regime. In the 1930s. the policy of indigenization acquires a pronounced class character, which leads to a decrease in its dynamics and a gradual curtailment.
Social-Protective and Social-Transformative Policy of the Russian Government in the North Caucasus in the 1800s — 1860s
Authors: Kuzminov Petr
Published: November 2021

The article analyzes aspects of the social policy of the crown government of Russia towards the peoples of the North Caucasus during the difficult period of their entry into the administrative-legal space of the empire. Their inconsistency and periodic change in social priorities are substantiated — the emphasis on the noble-princely elite was replaced by flirting with representatives of the “black people”. The change in social vectors made it possible to limit the political ambitions of the nobility in their striving for an alliance with Turkey, the Crimean Khanate, and Iran. The complementary attitude of the Russian authorities to the decision of a part of the highlanders to accept Christianity and live under the protection of the Russian fortresses of Kizlyar, Mozdok, Astrakhan and others was proved. The Caucasian administration limited and then eliminated slave and dependent relations in the region. More than 60 thousand dependent mountaineers, thanks to the policy of Russia, became free in the 60s. 19th century, most of them received a free land allotment and some rights of citizens of Russia.
Repressed Vainakhs in the Social Memory of Deported Kalmyks
Authors: Guchinova Elza-Bair
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to problems regarding the perception of representatives of repressed Chechens in the social memory of repressed Kalmyks and its pragmatics, which have not been posed earlier in Russian anthropology. The sources used are field materials collected by the author, as well as published memories of the deportation of the Kalmyks and materials posted on Facebook by the Chechen group “We Remember. Deportation and return”. Results: Both exiled peoples had the status of “punished peoples”. But in the social memory of the Kalmyks, there remained exactly what the Chechens differed by - the practices of Islam, adherence to Sharia law and adat, gender traditions (polygamy, etc.) — those practices that reflected the identity of the ethnic group and worked to unite it. The Kalmyks remembered what seemed unusual, and single examples were carried over to the whole group. This essentialization of ethnicity in memory reflected a traumatic past and attempts for reconciliation with it.
The Policy of the White Movement in the North Caucasus in 1919—1920 in the Assessments of the Leaders of the Mountain National Movement (Based on the Materials of the Mountain Émigré Press)
Authors: Matiev Timur
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of the folding and evolution of the attitude of mountain democratic leaders to the policy and practice of the White Guard political and military leadership, as well as to the actions of the troops of the Volunteer Army in the mountainous regions of the North Caucasus. Particular attention is paid to such moments as the position of the white movement on the rights of nations to self-determination; the relationship of whites with the Union of the United Highlanders of the North Caucasus and Dagestan, and after that — with the Mountain Republic; their position in relation to the land and national question in the North Caucasus. The evolution of views and assessments of highland emigration is traced both on the role and place of the White movement in the recent history of the region, and on the past and future of historical ties between the North Caucasus and Russia. An attempt is made to analyze the changes in a number of accents in these assessments over time and under the influence of the development of the situation in the Caucasus, the USSR and the world as a whole.
The Role of Historical Memory in the Socio-Political Processes of Chechnya (1986—1994)
Authors: Druey Cécile
Published: November 2021

During the years that preceded and followed the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the Autonomous Republic of Chechnya in the south of Russia has experienced an intensive movement of civil society mobilisation, nationalist radicalisation and armed conflict. Referring to the case of the society “Kavkaz” as an example for the emerging movement of civil society, this paper traces the mobilising role of history and historical memory during the period of reform under Mikhail Gorbachev in the late-1980s, until the onset of the first Chechnya War in 1994. It argues, that the use of historical memory is not that much a cause, than it is an indicator of conflict and radicalisation in society, and that these processes of radicalisation are closely linked to their context at a local, national and international level. Drawing on data collected from interviews with representatives of the Chechen national movement, from local newspapers and legal acts, the paper tracks the evolution of civil society movements in Chechnya in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Doing so, it departs from a relational approach to conflict analysis (della Porta, 2018; Alimi, Bosi, and Demetriou, 2012; Tilly and Tarrow, 2015; Hughes and Sasse, 2016). Located at the intersection between conflict- and memory studies, the paper thus adds insights to the study of the pre-war period in post-Soviet Chechnya, and in general to the conceptual discussion about the link between historical memory, mobilisation, radicalisation and conflict.
The Formation and Combat History of the 175th Rifle Division in Archival Documents and Memoirs
Authors: Tetuev Alim
Published: November 2021

The article examines the history and combat path of the 175th Infantry Division of the 1st Formation on the basis of archival documents and narrative sources. On the basis of the analysis of the historiography of the topic, problems have been identified that require study. The processes of formation of personnel, issues of management and deployment of the division are revealed. The article examines the combat actions of the soldiers and commanders of the 175th rifle division in the Kiev defensive operation as part of the 64th rifle corps of the 26th and 37th armies of the Southwestern Front. Revealed the losses, heroism and courage shown by the soldiers and commanders of the 175th Infantry Division during the defense of Kiev. The further fate of the soldiers who emerged from the encirclement is considered.
Under the Banner of the Prophet? Terek and Dagestan in the Flames of the Civil War
Authors: Biryukova Julia
Published: November 2021

The review is devoted to Vladimir Borisovich Lobanov's monograph “Terek and Dagestan in the Flames of Civil War: Religious, military-political and ideological Confrontation in the 1917—1920s”, which touches on all the most important aspects of life in the North Caucasus in the era of revolution and Civil War. There is a serious source base of the study, which has absorbed, perhaps, a critical mass of documents on the problem, which allowed us to draw convincing conclusions. Lobanov highlighted the key aspects of the chosen topic: the development of autonomous self-government institutions in the North Caucasus against the background of the collapse of statehood, the Islamic factor in the Civil War, the emergence and activity of the spectrum of anti-Bolshevik forces, the role of the Cossacks and the Volunteer Army in military-political processes in the region. He also pays attention to the revolutionaries who played a significant role in the establishment of Soviet power in the region, analyzes the reasons for the victory of the Bolsheviks in the North Caucasus.
Color Based Object Categorization Using Histograms of Oriented Hue and Saturation
Authors: Hamdini Rabah , Diffellah Nacira , Namane Abderrahmane
Published: November 2021

In the last few years, there has been a lot of interest in making smart components, e.g. robots, able to simulate human capacity of object recognition and categorization. In this paper, we propose a new revolutionary approach for object categorization based on combining the HOG (Histograms of Oriented Gradients) descriptors with our two new descriptors, HOH (Histograms of Oriented Hue) and HOS (Histograms of Oriented Saturation), designed it in the HSL (Hue, Saturation and Luminance) color space and inspired by this famous HOG descriptor. By using the chrominance components, we have succeeded in making the proposed descriptor invariant to all lighting conditions changes. Moreover, the use of this oriented gradient makes our descriptor invariant to geometric condition changes including geometric and photometric transformation. Finally, the combination of color and gradient information increase the recognition rate of this descriptor and give it an exceptional performance compared to existing methods in the recognition of colored handmade objects with uniform background (98.92% for Columbia Object Image Library and 99.16% for the Amsterdam Library of Object Images). For the classification task, we propose the use of two strong and very used classifiers, SVM (Support Vector Machine) and KNN (k-nearest neighbors) classifiers.
Accurate Brain Tumor Recognition Using Double-Weighted Feature Extraction Labelling Model with Priority Weighted Feature Selection
Authors: Vankayalapati Revathi , Muddana Akka Lakshmi
Published: November 2021

In clinical practice and patient survival rates, early diagnosis of brain tumors plays a key role. Different forms of brain tumors and their properties and treatments are available. Therefore, tumor detection is complicated, time consuming and error-prone with manual brain tumor detection. Therefore, high-precision automated, computerized diagnostics are currently necessary. Feature extraction is a tumor prediction method for capturing the visual content of a picture. The extraction of features is the process through which the raw image is reduced and decisions like the pattern classification are facilitated. The MRI brain images are considered to be classified as a robust and more accurate classification that is able to serve as an expert assistant for healthcare practitioners. In this research, a new method for selecting and extracting features is introduced. The paper proposes to take into account the most important features for the classification of tumor and non-tumor cells using a Double-Weighted Feature Extraction Labelling Model with Priority Weighted Feature Selection (DWLM-PWFS). This approach combines the tumor's intensity, texture, shape and diagnostic properties. The selection of features with the technique proposed is most helpful for analyzing data according to grouping class variable and ensuring reduced feature setting with high classification accuracy. In contrast to the conventional model, the model proposed is shown to be highly efficient in comparison with traditional models.
Differential Privacy Protection of Face Images Based on Region Growing
Authors: Liu Chao , Yang Jing , Zhao Weinan , Zhang Yining , Shi Cuiping , Miao Fengjuan , Zhang Jinsong
Published: November 2021

Face images, as an information carrier, are rich in sensitive information. Direct publication of these images would cause privacy leak, due to their natural weak privacy. Most of the existing privacy protection methods for face images adopt data publication under a non-interactive framework. However, the E-effect under this framework covers the entire image, such that the noise influence is uniform across the image. To solve the problem, this paper proposes region growing publication (RGP), an algorithm for the interactive publication of face images under differential privacy. This innovative algorithm combines the region growing technique with differential privacy technique. The privacy budget E is dynamically allocated, and the Laplace noise is added, according to the similarity between adjacent sub-images. To measure this similarity more effectively, the fusion similarity measurement mechanism (FSMM) was designed, which better adapts to the intrinsic attributes of images. Different from traditional region growing rules, the FSMM fully considers various attributes of images, including brightness, contrast, structure, color, texture, and spatial distribution. To further enhance algorithm feasibility, RGP was extended to atypical region growing publication (ARGP). While RGP limits the region growing direction between adjacent sub-images, ARGP searches for the qualified sub-images across the image, with the aid of the exponential mechanism, thereby expanding the region merging scope of the seed point. The results show that our algorithm can satisfy E-differential privacy, and the denoised image still have a high availability.
Влияние взаимодействия компонентов в никель-кобальтовых катализаторах на их активность в разложении метана
Authors: Ергазиева Г.Е. , Анисова М.М. , Макаева Н. , Шаймерден Ж.
Published: November 2021

Исследована активность нанесенных на носитель γ-Al2O3 низкопроцентных монометаллических и биметаллического катализаторов в разложении метана. Определено, что биметаллический (Ni-Co/γ-Al2O3) катализатор более активен, чем монометаллические (Ni/γ-Al2O3, Co/γ-Al2O3). Наибольшая конверсия метана, и наибольшее количество нитевидного углерода наблюдались на биметаллическом катализаторе. Комплексом методов сканирующей электронной микроскопии, рентгенофазового анализа, термопрограммируемого восстановления водородом установлено, что добавление оксида кобальта в состав Ni/γ-Al2O3 приводит к образованию поверхностных биметаллических сплавов Ni-Co. Образование сплавов способствуют облегчению восстанавливаемости катализатора, обеспечивает рост концентрации активных центров. Данные изменения положительно влияют на активность биметаллического катализатора.
One-stage synthesis of 1,1-diethoxyethane from ethanol using copper-containing catalysts
Authors: Mambetova M.M. , Dossumov K. , Ergaziyeva G.E. , Anissova M.M. , Baizhomartov B.B.
Published: November 2021

The conversion of ethanol on low-percentage copper-containing catalysts at temperatures of 300 oC and 350 oC was studied. γ-Al2O3, SiO2 and HZSM-5 were studied as the carrier of the active phase. It is shown that the main direction of ethanol conversion on low percentage copper-containing catalysts is its dehydrogenation and subsequent conversion of the resulting products into 1,1-diethoxyethane. Among the studied catalysts (1 wt.% CuO/Al2O3, 1 wt.% CuO/SiO2 and 1 wt.% CuO/ HZSM-5 the most active in the production of 1,1-diethoxyethane was 1 wt.% CuO/Al2O3, modification of it with cerium oxide led to an increase in its activity in the formation of 1,1-diethoxyethane, at the reaction temperature of 350 oС, the yield of the target product was 27 vol.%. The results showed that the modification of CuO/Al2O3 leads to an increase in the catalytic activity of the sample.
Нановолокнистые биоразлагаемые каркасы как эффективная система доставки лекарственных средств
Authors: Кенжебаева А. , Бакболат Б. , Султанов Ф. , Даулбаев Ч. , Мансуров З. , Aldasheva M.
Published: November 2021

В этой статье рассматривается синтез биосовместимых волокнистых каркасов с противомикробными свойствами на основе поликапролактона/гидроксиапатита/амоксициллина, а также изучение морфологии поверхности, противомикробного действия и степени высвобождения лекарственных средств. Гидроксиапатит (1-2 мкм, 97%), синтезированный из биологически отходного материала (яичной скорлупы), добавлялся в композитные каркасы в качестве материала для замещения кости. Оценены противомикробные свойства каркасов против S.aureus и E.faecalis. Каркасы отличились устойчивым высвобождением лекарственного средства из каркасов, которое составляло около 94% от общего веса антибиотика в течение 4-недельного срока наблюдения. Метод диффузии в агар подтвердила противомикробные свойства каркасов против конкретных бактерий.
Design and Implementation of 3D Printing Using a Universal Printing System on the Robot Arm UR5
Authors: Pollák Martin , Kočiško Marek
Published: November 2021

The combination of two rapidly evolving technologies such as additive manufacturing technology and robotics opens up a wide potential for solving new production tasks. In advance, several challenges need to be addressed in order to intensify the possibilities for developing the combination of these technologies. The aim of the article is to point out the possibility of designing a simple universal printing system for the collaborative robot UR5 with an orientation on the need to implement 3D printing. The solution proposed in this way makes it possible to simplify the design of the movements to reduce any further structural modifications and also to reduce the potential mechanical deficiencies of the structure of the printing device.
Retroperitoneal Angiomyolipoma in A Woman of Childbearing Age: A Case Report
Authors: Moradi Tabriz Hedieh , Nazar Elham , Eftekhar Javadi Arezoo
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Extrarenal angiomyolipoma is an uncommon disease entity and is rare in the retroperitoneum. This lesion shows three benign components, including mature adipose tissue, thick-walled blood vessels, and smooth muscles.
Case Report: This report describes a 37-year-old woman who presented with incidental right retroperitoneal mass in prenatal checkup. The patient underwent excisional surgery. Histological examinations and the immunohistochemical study revealed angiomyolipoma. Based on the diagnosis, the patient received no more treatment. After 3 years of close followup examinations, no recurrence was observed.
Conclusion: This diagnosis is often confused with many other entities in retroperitoneum. Thus, imaging and histologic correlation are required. Proper diagnosis is essential for further patient management and avoids unnecessary treatment.
Low-dose Propofol for the Treatment of Severe Postpartum Post-dural Puncture Headache: A Case Report
Authors: Vosoughian Maryam , Dabir Shideh , Dahi Mastaneh , Moshari Mohammadreza
Published: November 2021

In this report, we presented our experience in treating severe postpartum post-dural puncture headache with low-dose propofol. Short-term use of low-dose propofol provided rapid and complete relief of the headache without recurrence.
Pitfalls in the Histopathologic Diagnosis of Meningioma: Report of Three Rare Variants of Meningioma and Literature Review
Authors: Shaker Ghazaleh , Azmoudeh Ardalan Farid , Zeinalizadeh Mehdi
Published: November 2021

Meningioma is a common primary tumor of the central nervous system and one of the most encountered brain tumors. Although classic histopathologic features of meningioma are relatively common and make its diagnosis straightforward, certain variants possess unusual histologic features causing diagnostic challenges. We reported three cases of clear cell meningioma, microcytic meningioma, and angiomatous meningioma report, variants with potential deceptive morphologies, and discuss their distinguishing morphologic features.
Clinical and Laboratory Findings among Patients with Toxocaria-sis in Medic Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam in 2017-2019
Authors: Vinh Phuc Le Dinh , Loi Cao Ba , Quang Huynh Hong , Vinh Le Duc , Sinh Cao Truong , Du Vu Van , Tram Que Anh , Quang Khong Minh , Hai Tang Xuan , Le Tran-Anh
Published: November 2021

Background: Human toxocariasis is prevalent in many countries but this disease has been rarely reported from Vietnam. We aimed to investigate the clinical and laboratory findings and assess possible association between these findings in patients with toxocariasis in Vietnam.
Methods: A prospectively study, between October 2017 and June 2019 was performed involving 120 toxocariasis patients at Medic Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The diagnosis of toxocariasis was established based on clinical, laboratory (eosinophilia, raised IgE concentration) and serological (positive Toxocara IgG ELISA test) evaluation as well as the exclusion of other helminthic coinfection.  
Results: The most frequently reported manifestation was of skin (n = 93, 77.5%), including urticarial (n= 69, 57.5%) followed by neurologic, gastrointestinal and pulmonary signs/symptoms. Hepatic involvement occurred in 8.3% of the patients. No significant relationship between clinical findings and laboratory parameters was found except the higher values of eosinophil count and IgE concentration among patients with liver involvement. There was a significant relationship between eosinophil count and IgE concentration (r=0.389, P<0.001). Serological findings did not show a correlation with clinical and other laboratory findings.
Conclusion: Our data revealed a wide range of clinical symptoms/signs and a high incidence of skin manifestations in patients with toxocariasis. Eosinophil count and IgE concentration are valuable markers for the evaluation of the disease.
Phylogenetic Analysis and Genetics Polymorphisms Evaluation of ROP8 and B1 Genes of Toxoplasma gondii in Livestock and Poul-try Hosts of Yazd, Qom and Golestan Provinces of Iran
Authors: Azimpour-Ardakan Tahereh , Fotouhi-Ardakani Reza , Hoghooghi-Rad Nasser , Rokni Nourdehr , Motallebi Abbasali
Published: November 2021

Background: A high correlation is observed between specific clonal lineages and host types in toxoplasmosis. The main objectives of this study were comparing polymorphism and evolutionary analysis of the B1 and ROP8 genes, as well as the evaluation of phylogenic and Toxoplasma gondii isolates obtained from different hosts and regions.
Methods: Overall 96 brain/ diaphragm tissue samples of livestock and poultry from three provinces of Iran (cows: 9 from Yazd, 9 from Qom; sheep: 19 from Yazd, 7 from Qom; goats: 7 from Yazd, 4 from Qom; one camel from Yazd and 37 chickens, 2 roosters and one duck from Golestan) were tested during 2018-19. A nested PCR and PCR-PCR methods were developed with the B1 and ROP8 genes. Evaluation of genetic proximity, genetic diversity and evolutionary analysis were done using MEGA-X and DnaSP5 software. Thirty samples of both genes were sequenced (18 B1 and 12 ROP8 genes), and submitted to the GenBank (MN275903-MN275932).
Results: Tajima's D index analyses showed that both genes were in the negative direction of evolution. The B1 gene was more sensitive than the ROP8 gene. The ROP8 gene showed better and more acceptable results in terms of the relationship between the host and the genotyping of the samples.
Conclusion: The B1 gene was only an attractive target for rapid detection of T. gondii parasites, whereas the ROP8 gene due to a high level of polymorphism was able to isolate the three clonal lineages (type I, II and III), inter-types and even atypical strains from different isolates of T. gondii.