bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Augmin complex activity finetunes dendrite morphology through non-centrosomal microtubule nucleation in vivo
Authors: Zhang Yun , Sung Hsin-Ho , Ziegler Anna B. , Wu Ying-Chieh , Viais Ricardo , Sánchez-Huertas Carlos , Kilo Lukas , Agircan Fikret Gürkan , Cheng Ying-Ju , Mouri Kousuke , Uemura Tadashi , Lüders Jens , Chien Cheng-Ting , Tavosanis Gaia
Published: April 2024

During development, neurons achieve a stereotyped neuron type-specific morphology, which relies on dynamic support by microtubules (MTs). An important player is the augmin complex (hereafter augmin), which binds to existing MT filaments and recruits the γ-tubulin ring complex (γ-TuRC), to form branched MTs. In cultured neurons, augmin is important for neurite formation. However, little is known about the role of augmin during neurite formation in vivo. Here, we have revisited the role of mammalian augmin in culture and then turned towards the class four Drosophila dendritic arborization (c4da) neurons. We show that MT density is maintained through augmin in cooperation with the γ-TuRC in vivo. Mutant c4da neurons show a reduction of newly emerging higher-order dendritic branches and in turn also a reduced number of their characteristic space-filling higher-order branchlets. Taken together, our data reveal a cooperative function for augmin with the γ-TuRC in forming enough MTs needed for the appropriate differentiation of morphologically complex dendrites in vivo.
Ultraviolet vision in anemonefish improves colour discrimination
Authors: Mitchell Laurie J. , Phelan Amelia , Cortesi Fabio , Marshall N. Justin , Chung Wen-sung , Osorio Daniel C. , Cheney Karen L.
Published: April 2024

In many animals, ultraviolet (UV) vision guides navigation, foraging, and communication, but few studies have addressed the contribution of UV signals to colour vision, or measured UV discrimination thresholds using behavioural experiments. Here, we tested UV colour vision in an anemonefish (Amphiprion ocellaris) using a five-channel (RGB-V-UV) LED display. We first determined that the maximal sensitivity of the A. ocellaris UV cone was ∼386 nm using microspectrophotometry. Three additional cone spectral sensitivities had maxima at ∼497, 515 and ∼535 nm. We then behaviourally measured colour discrimination thresholds by training anemonefish to distinguish a coloured target pixel from grey distractor pixels of varying intensity. Thresholds were calculated for nine sets of colours with and without UV signals. Using a tetrachromatic vision model, we found that anemonefish were better (i.e. discrimination thresholds were lower) at discriminating colours when target pixels had higher UV chromatic contrast. These colours caused a greater stimulation of the UV cone relative to other cone types. These findings imply that a UV component of colour signals and cues improves their detectability, which likely increases the prominence of anemonefish body patterns for communication and the silhouette of zooplankton prey.
β-crosslaps in knee osteoarthritis – assessment and
rehabilitation
Authors: Fugaru Ovidiu-Florin , Șerbănescu Mircea-Sebastian , Stefan Lorena Ivona , Trăistaru Magdalena Rodica
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The bone turnover is important for the progression of osteoarthritis. The C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen, β-CrossLaps (β-CTx) is considered as the first-choice bone resorption markers. Today, the biochemical markers have been associated with pain and disease severity in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients.
We studied the association between β-CTx and functional status in KOA patients, pre- and postrehabilitation program. The primary goals of our study are both to establish the correlation between the serum level of β-CTx and other parameters of clinical and functional status in KOA patients and to compare the CTX-I values before and after rehabilitation program. We respected the actual international management recommendations for KOA.
A total of 130 patients were randomly allocated into two distinct groups: Study Group (SG = 90 patients) performed 10 sessions of complete rehabilitation program (magnetodiaflux, transcutaneous nerve stimulation, ultrasound and low intensity laser treatment, kinetic measures), and Control Group (CG = 40 patients) performed 10 sessions of kinetic program. Both programs were performed daily, 5 days/week, 2 weeks. Evaluation of patients was carried out in two stages - initial (T1) and after 3 months (T2).
Comparing the initial values with the final ones for β-CTx, we noticed a high significant difference between initial and final values only in SG patients. For the both T1 and T2 moments, there was no a statistically significant difference between β-CTx values from the two groups. Analyzing the differences between the values of clinical parameters (Six Minutes Walking Test, Timed Up-and-Go test, walk cadence and Symmetry index in walk) obtained between the patients from the two groups, we noticed that, for the T2 moment, there was a statistically significant difference between studied parameters, except walk cadence.
In the assessment of global KOA patient status (clinical and functional status in accordance with bone-cartilage interface dynamics), β-CTx has significant value and could be used for monitoring the individualized rehabilitation program.
The importance of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) and respiratory rehabilitation in patients with lung diseases
Authors: Andrei (Brînduș) Gabriela-Marina , Olteanu Mihai , Marcu Eugenia-Andreea , Bălășoiu Maria , Piciu Elena-Camelia , Cioboată Ramona , Trăistaru Magdalena Rodica
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Background: The incidence of lung diseases is very high worldwide, especially in the case of lung cancer, pulmonary tuberculosis, and obstructive ventilatory dysfunctions. Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) is synthesized mainly by hepatocytes, and one of its roles is to inhibit protease activity in the body's biological fluids following the phenomenon of programmed cell death, which is also called apoptosis. Acute lung diseases, but especially chronic ones, can cause, in addition to pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations, social and psychological impact, which is why a complex, interdisciplinary respiratory rehabilitation program is necessary. Objectives: Our study aimed to determine the correlation between alpha-1 antitrypsin values and lung diseases (pulmonary tuberculosis, lung cancer, asthma, and COPD) and to evaluate the influence of the individualized respiratory rehabilitation program in these diseases. Methods: We carried out a retrospective study between February 2022 and March 2023 in the Pneumology Department of the "Victor Babeș" Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Pneumoftiziology, Craiova. It included 189 patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis, lung cancer, or obstructive ventilatory dysfunctions (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – COPD or asthma). Alpha-1 antitrypsin was collected from all patients. Respiratory rehabilitation was carried out both during hospitalization and in an out-patient setting for a maximum period of 6 months after discharge, with some patients even using telemedicine. Results: Increased values of alpha-1 antitrypsin were detected in advanced stages of the disease, and a clear improvement of clinical and functional parameters was observed after inclusion in the rehabilitation program. Conclusions: Detection of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is rare. The majority of patients diagnosed with lung cancer in advanced stages showed increased values of alpha-1 antitrypsin, AAT being able to be used as a follow-up marker in response to oncological treatment. Respiratory rehabilitation benefits in pulmonary tuberculosis, lung cancer, COPD, and asthma, regardless of the form of the disease. An interdisciplinary approach is necessary for the optimal treatment and control of lung diseases.
HormonomicsDB: a novel workflow for the untargeted analysis of plant growth regulators and hormones
Authors: Giebelhaus Ryland T. , Erland Lauren A.E. , Murch Susan J.
Published: April 2024

Background Metabolomics is the simultaneous determination of all metabolites in a system. Despite significant advances in the field, compound identification remains a challenge. Prior knowledge of the compound classes of interest can improve metabolite identification. Hormones are a small signaling molecules, which function in coordination to direct all aspects of development, function and reproduction in living systems and which also pose challenges as environmental contaminants. Hormones are inherently present at low levels in tissues, stored in many forms and mobilized rapidly in response to a stimulus making them difficult to measure, identify and quantify. Methods An in-depth literature review was performed for known hormones, their precursors, metabolites and conjugates in plants to generate the database and an RShiny App developed to enable web-based searches against the database. An accompanying liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry (LC-MS) protocol was developed with retention time prediction in Retip. A meta-analysis of 14 plant metabolomics studies was used for validation. Results We developed HormonomicsDB, a tool which can be used to query an untargeted mass spectrometry (MS) dataset against a database of more than 200 known hormones, their precursors and metabolites. The protocol encompasses sample preparation, analysis, data processing and hormone annotation and is designed to minimize degradation of labile hormones. The plant system is used a model to illustrate the workflow and data acquisition and interpretation. Analytical conditions were standardized to a 30 min analysis time using a common solvent system to allow for easy transfer by a researcher with basic knowledge of MS. Incorporation of synthetic biotransformations enables prediction of novel metabolites. Conclusions HormonomicsDB is suitable for use on any LC-MS based system with compatible column and buffer system, enables the characterization of the known hormonome across a diversity of samples, and hypothesis generation to reveal knew insights into hormone signaling networks.
Thickness and width of the menisci of adult knee joint: a descriptive cross-sectional observational study in cadavers
Authors: Murlimanju B.V. , Vikram S. , Nayak Vanishri , Bhat Nandini , Pai Mangala M. , Vadgaonkar Rajanigandha , Prabhu Latha V. , Nayak Sunil
Published: April 2024

Background The goal was to determine the thickness and width of the knee joint meniscus at their different regions. The objective was to compare the dimensions at these regions and over the right- and left-sided specimens. Methods The present study included 50 adult cadaveric knee joints, and 100 menisci (50 medial menisci and 50 lateral menisci) were studied. The meniscus was distributed into anterior, middle and posterior parts. Thickness and width at the mid-point of these three parts were determined by using the Vernier caliper. Results The breadth of the medial meniscus was 8.38 ± 1.64 mm, 7.68 ± 1.92 mm and 13.93 ± 2.69 mm at the anterior, middle and posterior one-third regions. Same measurements for the lateral menisci at these regions were 9.84 ± 1.78 mm, 8.82 ± 2.01 mm and 10.18 ± 2.23 mm, respectively. The thickness of the medial meniscus was 4.49 ± 0.78 mm, 4.07 ± 0.81 mm and 4.79 ± 0.93 mm at these regions. The lateral meniscus thickness was 3.82 ± 0.69 mm, 4.43 ± 0.98 mm and 4.36 ± 0.8 mm, respectively. Conclusion It is believed that this data is enlightening to the arthroscopic surgeon during the meniscus transplantation either by using synthetic material or allograft as the proper sizing of the meniscus is important to prevent complications due to inaccurate sizing.
The role and interplay of institutions in water governance in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia
Authors: Jibat Endalew , Senbeta Feyera , Zeleke Tesfaye , Hagos Fitsum
Published: April 2024

Background Institutions can play a key role in coordinating how natural resources are effectively managed and used without over-exploitation. Institutions are laws, policies, and organizational arrangements that permit, forbid or regulate human action. This study aimed to look into the roles of formal and informal institutions, and their interactions in water resources governance in the Central Rift Valley (CRV), Ethiopia. Methods Key informant interviews, focus group discussions, and secondary data sources were employed to collect relevant data. Results The result of the study indicated that the influence of informal institutions on formal institutions or vice versa was insignificant, and unable to change the actions of water users in the CRV. Other limitations observed in water resources governance in the CRV include a lack of actors’ clear roles and responsibilities, absence of meaningful decentralization, limited engagement of key actors in policy development, lack of synergy between the institutions, and absence of enforcement mechanisms. Conclusion Considering the local contexts and community’s traditional knowledge of water governance in water-related policy, rules, and regulations, and enhancing the capacity of local-level institutions, strong interplay among all institutions involved in water governance, and meaningful actors’ engagement were recommended to advance the role of institutions in water resources governance in the CRV and in the country. Hence, a mechanism that enables to harmonize formal and informal institutions in water management system can enhance the governance of water resources in the study area and elsewhere in the country.
Case Report: The role of Panchagavya and Panchakarma treatment in the management of radiotherapy and chemotherapy side effects in infiltrative ductal carcinoma
Authors: Sawarkar Punam , Sawarkar Gaurav , Bhojraj Nandini
Published: April 2024

The incidence rate of infiltrative ductal carcinoma of the breast is increasing worldwide. Chemo- and radiotherapy are commonly used after the surgical intervention for radical cure. The occurrence of various side-effects of these chemo-radiation therapies creates much discomfort to the patient. Therefore, the compliance rate of the patient towards their adoption becomes poor, or the patient is highly affected by their associated side effects in unavoidable circumstances. It is imperative to study the effect of safe, alternative options such as Panchakarma and Panchagavya treatment, which are widely used in clinical practice as an adjuvant therapy in various types of carcinoma. This report presents the case of a 31-year-old female patient diagnosed with right infiltrative ductal carcinoma of the breast, and who was advised to undergo chemo-radiation therapy after surgical intervention. However, as soon as she finished the first chemo cycle, she suffered from palpitations, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, severe restlessness, and hot flushes. She was rushed to the Kamdhenu Panchgavya Ayurvedic Clinic of Govigyan Anusandhan Kendra. Specific Panchagvya treatment, along with Mrudu Shodhana based on Ayurvedic principles, was prescribed to her (Kamdhenu Gomutra Ark, Laghusutshekhar Ras, Panchagavya Ghrita, Panchatikta Kshir Vasti, Anuvasana Vasti with Panchgavya Ghrita) throughout her total rounds of chemo- and radiotherapy. After starting the above-said Ayurvedic treatment, the patient experienced significant relief in all symptoms. Her full six sittings of chemo- and radiotherapy were smoothly completed without causing any untoward effect. The selected combination of Ayurveda medicines gave relief in all symptoms induced by chemo- and radiotherapy therapy due to their Vatanulomak, Pittghna, Dahahara, Balya and Rasayana properties. The present case study shows that the Panchakarma and Panchagavya treatments are effective in subside the side effects induced by chemo- and radiotherapy and improving the compliance rate of the patients towards these conventional therapies.
A brief exploration of artificial intelligence in dental healthcare: a narrative review
Authors: Kamath Prakrati , Kamath Prathvi , Saldanha Sharon J R , Shetty Thilak  B , Rodrigues Shobha J , M Mahesh , Pai Umesh  Y , Hegde Puneeth K , Bajantri Prashant , Mukherjee Sandipan
Published: April 2024

Artificial intelligence is a computer system which can replicate human behavior and largely supports human actions and interpretation, but not replace human responses. Over the past few decades, the field of artificial intelligence (AI) has experienced phenomenal development and expansion. We are surrounded by several instances of AI. AI has applications in different branches of Dentistry. A total of 59 papers from an electronic search using Google Scholar and PubMed were used to create this narrative review. Artificial intelligence can be utilised for diagnosis, decision-making, treatment planning, early detection and prevention of oral disease, and finally result prediction by utilising cutting-edge technology in imaging. It shows how dentists can use it as a useful tool at various phases of clinical cases. The future of AI in dentistry appears to be outstanding with advancements in full artificial intelligence technology, dental assistance, and dental instructional tools. In order to help dental professionals better grasp AI as a tool to assist their work with enhanced efficiency, investigations need to be done to uncover patterns and foresee future related to oral health concerns. This review article attempts to highlight these points and lays an emphasis on how AI is driving dentistry in the present and will improve dental care in the future.
Risk-Informed Performance-Based methods for cyber-attack on nuclear power facilities
Authors: Gisondi Andrew , Palmer Camille
Published: April 2024

A new approach is described that offers a Risk-Informed Performance-Based (RIPB) framework for quantifying the risk associated with a cyber-attack on a nuclear power-generating facility. The first part of the method involves 1) the creation of a simplified 10 CFR 73.54 compliant cyber infrastructure, 2) modeling of design basis threats against the network and passive defense of the network and 3) applying the model metrics as inputs into a Bayesian analysis to calculate the exploit probability of a plant controller. The RAVEN code package was used to perform a stochastic calculation to quantify the aleatory uncertainty associated with exploiting a plant controller and produce basic statistics associated with those outputs, such as the standard deviation and standard error. Other tools, such as ADAPT, were also explored, which could be leveraged for direct DPRA analysis of network topology, such that new failure modes or initiating events could be discovered. The second aspect of the RIPB method considers the impact of the controller on the physical plant. This evaluation was conducted by postulating an accident scenario possibly caused by the dynamics of an exploited process controller, initiating that event in a RELAP5 model controlled by the RAVEN risk analysis package, and demonstrating the types of algorithms that can be used to quantify the consequences of the accident scenario. The new two-part method explored in this work provides the uncertainty associated with a cyber-initiating event and the associated consequences of a postulated accident resulting from that exploit, as well as example tools and algorithms for performing the analysis.
The genome sequence of the Olive Crescent, Trisateles emortualis (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
Authors: Boyes Douglas , Holland Peter W.H. ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: April 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Trisateles emortualis (the Olive Crescent; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Noctuidae). The genome sequence is 565.5 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 16.01 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 13,176 protein coding genes.
Działalność wojskowego Centrum Szpitalnego „Zamość” po kapitulacji Armii „Kraków” w 1939 r.
Authors: Korab Michał
Published: April 2024

Po kapitulacji Armii „Kraków” w okolicach Tomaszowa Lubelskiego jej szefostwo sanitarne, w porozumieniu ze stroną niemiecką, zdecydowało o skoncentrowaniu resztek polskich formacji sanitarnych w Zamościu. Celem było stworzenie dużego, wieloprofilowego centrum medycznego, niosącego pomoc rannym żołnierzom z obszaru Zamość – Tomaszów – Biłgoraj. W złożonej sytuacji politycznej (dwukrotnie zmieniali się okupanci), przezwyciężając ogromne trudności materialne, udało się stworzyć sprawnie działający szpital wojenny z 13 oddziałami o różnych profilach, ambulatorium i apteką. Wielkiego wsparcia udzieliło społeczeństwo Zamojszczyzny – jego pomoc umożliwiła przetrwanie personelowi i pacjentom. W artykule opisano proces formowania, organizację i działalność Centrum. Dużo uwagi poświęcono statystykom ran i powikłań, jakie występowały u leczonych pacjentów.
Starość. Niechęć czy pesymistyczna aprobata stanu… (Problem w publicystyce medycznej XIX i początków XX wieku)
Authors: Urbanek Bożena
Published: April 2024

Starość. Niechęć czy fatalistyczna akceptacja? W tak dwojaki sposób starość przedstawiana była w publicystyce medycznej na przełomie XIX i XX w. Zagadnienie podejmowali filozofowie i XIX-wieczni lekarze, wychodząc z przesłanek medycznych, ale nieraz i z własnych obaw i niepokojów. Autorka próbuje je poznać, studiując ówczesne piśmiennictwo na ten temat.
Ludwik Rostkowski (1894-1973)
Authors: Grzybowski Andrzej , Pactwa Witold
Published: April 2024

Artykuł przedstawia biografię oraz dorobek naukowy polskiego okulisty Ludwika Rostkowskiego (1894-1973). W 1922 r. Rostkowski ukończył studia medyczne na Uniwersytecie Jagiellońskim. Po odzyskaniu niepodległości przez Polskę był współorganizatorem warszawskiej służby zdrowia, wieloletnim naczelnikiem w Wydziale Jaglicy i Okulistyki Społecznej w Ministerstwie Zdrowia i Opieki Społecznej. Rostkowski był prezesem Izby Lekarskiej Warszawsko-Białostockiej, Rzeczoznawcą z zakresu jaglicy w Światowej Organizacji Zdrowia oraz honorowym członkiem Polskiego Towarzystwa Okulistycznego. Podczas okupacji zajmował się redagowaniem podziemnego pisma lekarskiego, a także uczestniczył w powstaniu warszawskim. Został odznaczony Krzyżem Komandorskim Orderu Odrodzenia Polski.
Problematizando a matriz energética na sala de aula, com enfoque para energia solar
Authors: Correia Felipe Moreira , Vianna Deise Miranda
Published: April 2024

A sociedade está em uma fase de destaque do meio ambiente alavancada pelos impactos causados pela ação do homem, tornando essencial a mudança de hábitos, leis e ideias sobre o mundo. Para alinhar a sala de aula com essas novas demandas é preciso levar a discussão para dentro dela, adaptando a disciplina ministrada com o contexto atual. Trazemos uma atividade que se baseia no enfoque CTS (Ciência-Tecnologia-Sociedade) que relaciona esses três elementos dentro do tema, de tal forma que promova a Alfabetização Científica dos alunos, ou seja, promova a capacidade de argumentar, refletir, questionar e consequentemente se posicionando com um olhar crítico para o problema apresentado. A atividade é uma Sequência de Ensino por Investigação (SEI), que se inicia com uma problematização da matriz energética brasileira e segue investigando as aplicações das radiações emitidas pelo Sol, com objetivo de destacar o processo de conversão da Energia Solar em Energia Elétrica. Este projeto foi levado para a sala de aula em turma da terceira série da rede particular, com duração de cinco dias. Fundamentada na alteração da postura do aluno e do professor, colocar o estudante para participar ativamente, tomando para si o protagonismo da atividade e o professor atuando como guia, auxiliando o debate entre os estudantes. Trazemos dois episódios transcritos da participação dos alunos que explicita o processo de Alfabetização Científica dos alunos durante a atividade. A sociedade está em uma fase de destaque do meio ambiente alavancada pelos impactos causados pela ação do homem, tornando essencial a mudança de hábitos, leis e ideias sobre o mundo. Para alinhar a sala de aula com essas novas demandas é preciso levar a discussão para dentro dela, adaptando a disciplina ministrada com o contexto atual. Trazemos uma atividade que se baseia no enfoque CTS (Ciência-Tecnologia-Sociedade) que relaciona esses três elementos dentro do tema, de tal forma que promova a Alfabetização Científica dos alunos, ou seja, promova a capacidade de argumentar, refletir, questionar e consequentemente se posicionando com um olhar crítico para o problema apresentado. A atividade é uma Sequência de Ensino por Investigação (SEI), que se inicia com uma problematização da matriz energética brasileira e segue investigando as aplicações das radiações emitidas pelo Sol, com objetivo de destacar o processo de conversão da Energia Solar em Energia Elétrica. Este projeto foi levado para a sala de aula em turma da terceira série da rede particular, com duração de cinco dias. Fundamentada na alteração da postura do aluno e do professor, colocar o estudante para participar ativamente, tomando para si o protagonismo da atividade e o professor atuando como guia, auxiliando o debate entre os estudantes. Trazemos dois episódios transcritos da participação dos alunos que explicita o processo de Alfabetização Científica dos alunos durante a atividade.
Forma e funcionalidade da informática na educação numa perspectiva inclusiva
Authors: Queiroz Paulo Pires de
Published: April 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a forma e a funcionalidade da informática na educação numa perspectiva inclusiva, o que implica pensar o espaço educativo na Modernidade e/ou Pós-Modernidade. Vivemos num mundo conectado em telas e nesse sentido o espaço global carece de uma epistemologia metodológica que faça um sentido mais claro, adequado e coerente, articulando a forma e a funcionalidade da informática na educação e pensando a escola enquanto uma comunidade escolar onde todos os membros consideram-se pertencentes e capacitados para darem as suas contribuições. A educação moderna é uma educação inclusiva, uma educação pensada para todos e todas, sem nenhuma distinção e que tem como lema principal não se resolver as diferenças e nem se padronizar a igualdade nas relações estabelecidas no cotidiano da escola brasileira. O desenho reflexivo do estudo reúne uma grande diversidade de pontos de vista sobre o objeto investigado e coloca à disposição do leitor uma relevante reflexão para pensar esse campo no contexto da educação brasileira.
Entrevista com Otávio Aloisio Maldaner
Authors: Giordan Marcelo , Maldaner Otavio Aloisio
Published: April 2024

O professor Maldaner nos fala nesta entrevista sobre sua trajetória acadêmica comentando os passos que deu em sua formação para se tornar professor de ciências e química. Reflete sobre o surgimento de sua família no centro/norte do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, da religiosidade da família e comenta ser muito frequente que as famílias se sentissem orgulhosas de ter filhos vocacionados para a religião, tornando-se padres ou freiras. Aos 11 anos de idade foi interno em um seminário, o que durou cerca de dez anos. Após se formar em Licenciatura em Filosofia, iniciou a carreira do magistério em Chapecó-SC, ministrando aulas de Física e Química apoiado em livros didáticos da época. Formou-se também em Licenciatura em Ciências e passou a lecionar no nível universitário, quando frequentou um curso de especialização que o levou a fazer o mestrado no Instituto de Química da Unicamp e anos depois o doutorado na Faculdade de Educação da mesma instituição. Suas principais contribuições acadêmicas estão nos estudos sobre o conhecimento do professor e na proposição e desenvolvimento das Situações de Estudo como unidade organizadora do currículo. Dada sua experiência de trabalho e em princípios teóricos, Maldaner defende a participação ativa do professor na organização curricular e de uma sociedade mais próxima à escola na construção de soluções para a educação.
Entrevista Emilio Balzano
Authors: Harres João Batista Siqueira , Balzano Emilio
Published: April 2024

Emilio Balzano é graduado e doutor em Física. Trabalha na Universidade de Nápoles Federico II e atua no campo da educação científica desde 1983. Suas atividades de pesquisa visam melhorar o aprendizado e o ensino de ciências por meio de treinamento permanente. Foi membro da comissão coordenadora e inúmeros projetos italianos e internacionais (LES, Piano ISS, Communication in Science, LIGHT, Pencil, ISWA) e coordenador geral do projeto internacional TRACES (Transformative Research Activities. Cultural diversities and Education in Science- www.traces-project.eu)financiado pela Comissão Científica da União Europeia (2010 a 2012) no âmbito do programa FP7 e que contou com a participação de duas universidades brasileiras (PUCRS e UNIVATES).
Entrevista com Luís Miguel Bernardo
Authors: Ramos Kim Silva , Bernardo Lu´´ís Miguel
Published: April 2024

O objetivo desta entrevista é divulgar as obras do Professor Luís Miguel Bernardo no Brasil e para a comunidade de pesquisadores dos campos teóricos, experimentais e didáticos da ótica, para estudantes que começam a se interessar por essa ciência e para todos apaixonados pela história das ideias de luz e cor. Luís Miguel Bernardo é professor emérito aposentado da Universidade do Porto, autor de diversos livros e artigos que tratam da ótica científica, sua história, teoria, experimentação e aplicação na medicina e na indústria. Em especial, na entrevista foquei as “Histórias da Luz e das Cores”, dividida em três grandes volumes, pois se trata, até onde eu saiba, do maior compêndio deste tipo em língua portuguesa, quiçá em todas. Dono de um estilo próprio, entre o poético e o bem humorado, conseguiu unir dois objetivos, às vezes um tanto distantes em livros científicos: a profundidade das informações científicas e das descrições históricas e historiográficas e o cuidado estético com a palavra, o que faz a obra alcançar, em diversas passagens, a presença de elementos da criação literária. Esta entrevista também se conecta com o projeto de pesquisa que visa traçar a própria história brasileira da óptica, das ciências e teorias da luz e das cores, trajetória essa que ainda não foi investigada em maiores detalhes.
Entrevista com Roberto de Andrade Martins
Authors: Silva Cibelle Celestino , Martins Roberto de Andrade
Published: April 2024

Roberto de Andrade Martins é físico, formado pela USP em 1972, e concluiu o doutorado em Lógica e Filosofia da Ciência pela Universidade Estadual de Campinas em 1987. Realizou estágios de pós-doutoramento em História da Ciência em Oxford e Cambridge. Livre-docente na área de Física Geral, com especialidade em História da Física, Filosofia da Física e Ensino de Física, obtido em maio de 2008 no Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, UNICAMP. Foi professor do Instituto de Física "Gleb Wataghin", da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, de 1983 a 2010, quando se aposentou naquela instituição. Colaborou, como orientador, com a Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo e com a Universidade de São Paulo. Após sua aposentadoria, foi professor visitante da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba e da Universidade Federal de São Carlos. Atuou como pesquisador visitante do IFSC-USP, em 2015, com apoio da FAPESP. Atualmente é professor colaborador da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) e da Fundação Municipal de Ensino Superior de Bragança Paulista (FESB). É membro do Grupo de História, Teoria e Ensino de Ciências (GHTC) da USP. Foi Presidente da Sociedade Brasileira de História da Ciência (SBHC) e da Associação de Filosofia e História da Ciência do Cone Sul (AFHIC). Dedica-se a pesquisas sobre história e filosofia da ciência (especialmente da física) e suas aplicações à educação; e também sobre o pensamento religioso e filosófico indiano. Contemplado com bolsa de produtividade em pesquisa do CNPq de julho de 1979 até fevereiro de 2022. Orientou 23 dissertações de mestrado e coorientou 3, orientou 6 teses de doutorado e coorientou 1 nas áreas de História, Física, Educação e Filosofia. Atua na área de História, com ênfase em História das Ciências. As informações detalhadas sobre participação em eventos, palestras e seminários ministrados, participação em bancas e trabalhos de divulgação científica publicados não foram inseridas no Currículo Lattes, por serem em grande número.
"A derivada no campo de centeio": a disciplina de cálculo I no contexto das Ciências Agrárias
Authors: De Moraes Roberto Barreto , Melo Thiago Vasconcelos , Redin Ezequiel
Published: April 2024

Esse artigo tem como objetivo apontar caminhos de contextualização do ensino da disciplina de Cálculo Diferencial e Integral de funções reais uma variável real (usualmente denotado como “Cálculo I”) no âmbito da carreira acadêmica dos graduandos em Ciências Agrárias. Foi realizada uma pesquisa quantitativa com parte do corpo discente do Instituto de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), campus Unaí, Minas Gerais, a respeito do seu perfil social, seu desempenho acadêmico na disciplina de Cálculo I, e suas opiniões acerca das possibilidades de aprimoramento da disciplina. A partir desse levantamento, abordam-se as diferentes aplicabilidades nas Ciências Agrárias através de artigos da área publicados em revistas científicas que se utilizam do ferramental matemático de Cálculo I, de modo a motivar os estudantes, aprimorar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, e inserir a disciplina em sua futura realidade curricular e profissional, assim como visar à diminuição dos altos índices de retenção da disciplina em questão.
O MATERIALISMO HISTÓRICO-DIALÉTICO COMO MÉTODO DE PESQUISA PARA AS QUESTÕES RACIAIS:
Authors: Mendes Diego Maradona da Hora , Rostas Márcia Helena Sauaia Guimarães
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo teve por objetivo abordar as possibilidades de análise das questões raciais sob a lente do Materialismo Histórico-dialético (MHD) subsidiados por um recorte de uma pesquisa do tipo estado do conhecimento.  Nela foi utilizada, como corpus de análise, uma tese e uma dissertação – fundamentadas pelo MHD como método de pesquisa e o referendando na discussão racial. As pesquisas que compõem o corpus, em análise, possuem a Lei 10.639/03 e a educação antirracista como objeto de estudo e visam investigar como tem sido executada a implementação da referida lei, a partir da gestão educacional brasileira, seus respectivos órgãos competentes e seus gestores, e a construção curricular, nas formas de documentos e ações. Os estudos, apesar de traçarem percursos metodológicos diferentes, concordam com a existência de muitas precariedades na formação de docentes para o ensino das relações étnico-raciais e, consequentemente, para a concretização de uma educação antirracista, reforçam a premissa de que o racismo estrutural e a divisão social em classes são as bases que alicerçam as dificuldades de sua implementação. Em contrapartida enquanto resultado do uso do MHD como método de pesquisa para discussão racial as análises ratificam a sua eficiência.
SOLIDÃO, DIVISÃO SUBJETIVA E CANSAÇO:
Authors: Willeman Estela Martini
Published: April 2024

Este trabalho é fruto do amadurecimento de pesquisas e reflexões oriundas de experiência docente em cursos de nível superior majoritariamente femininos situados em territórios periféricos urbanos do estado do Rio de Janeiro, em especial, na Baixada Fluminense. Optou-se pelo método do materialismo histórico para investigar quais as principais tensões enfrentadas por mulheres em suas trajetórias acadêmicas e para compreender como determinações sociais, políticas e econômicas influenciaram em suas escolhas e em sua permanência nestes cursos, tomando como base três eixos de discussão intimamente relacionados: territorialidade, educação superior e gênero. Trata-se de uma pesquisa empírica de caráter qualitativo e quantitativo cujos dados foram obtidos através de questionários e entrevistas semiestruturadas com estudantes mulheres de uma Instituição de Educação Superior em Duque de Caxias de três diferentes cursos e, com o recurso da triangulação, procurou-se cotejar os dados com a análise documental e bibliográfica. Os resultados da investigação apontam para a constatação que as estudantes, diante das condições objetivas e subjetivas na consecução de seus cursos de educação superior em Duque de Caxias, são submetidas a um franco processo de longa duração de alienação que redunda no enfrentamento contínuo de vivências complexas e não óbvias de grandes desafios de ordem política, subjetiva e material com o predomínio de diversas expressões de violência material e simbólica construída ao longo da história da região em consonância com processos maiores de nível nacional.
ESCOLA SEM PARTIDO, HOMESCHOOLING E O PROGRAMA ESCOLA CÍVICO- MILITAR
Authors: Rodrigues Pereira Maria de Fátima , Costa Filho Izaias
Published: April 2024

Este texto examina três Programas propostos e defendidos pelo governo de Jair Messias Bolsonaro: Escola sem Partido (ESP), Homeschooling e o Programa Escola Cívico-Militares (PECIM), forças sociais que os apoiam ou rejeitam e lhe fazem resistências nas disputas por educação, no contexto dos últimos anos, pós o golpe de 2016. Teoricamente o estudo orienta-se pelo método da economia política. Apoia-se em contribuições de István Mészáros e Nicos Poulantzas, considerando deste autor a categoria correlação de forças. O objetivo é tecer reflexões e realizar apontamentos que colaborem para o esclarecimento dos desafios que as classes populares têm pela frente, na defesa dos interesses dos trabalhadores. Neste sentido, retomam-se as reflexões de István Mészáros, com a sua conferência Educação para Além do Capital, onde já sinalizava o caráter incorrigível do modo de produção capitalista e a necessidade de sua superação.
Qualitative analysis of healthcare information technology using a novel short-form questionnaire in a UK district hospital
Authors: Deo Sunny , Barnes Eve , Arnold-Smith Peter
Published: April 2024

Background/Aims

Healthcare technology is a rapidly expanding field, with the potential to substantially increase the quality and efficiency of care delivery. Despite this, there is no standardised method of assessing the quality of hardware and software information technology (IT) used by frontline healthcare workers. The study aimed to evaluate doctors' perspectives of the IT systems in place at their hospital, with a view to informing wider improvements to healthcare IT.

Methods

A six-item questionnaire was designed to collect quantitative and qualitative data on the perspectives of clinicians working in a UK hospital regarding the IT at their workplace; this study focused on the qualitative results only. The survey was distributed via the institution's intranet to all contracted doctors at the hospital. Respondents were asked to make up to three comments about the IT systems. Results were classified as positive, negative, neutral suggestion or unusable, and thematic analysis was used to identify themes. Descriptive statistics were used to explore differences between respondents of different levels of seniority (consultant vs junior doctor) and area of specialty.

Results

A total of 196 doctors completed the questionnaires, of whom 104 were consultants and 92 were junior doctors. A total of 535 comments were made, of which 340 (63.6%) were negative and only 47 (8.8%) were positive. The three most common themes were: speed and ease of use; software and hardware; and integration of systems. Junior doctors gave a higher proportion of negative comments than consultants, while those working in the emergency department, intensive care or anaesthetics gave a lower proportion of negative comments than those working in other specialties.

Conclusions

Respondents had a largely negative view of the IT systems in place in their hospital. Further evaluation is needed to assess the quality of NHS IT systems on a wider scale, using insights from clinicians to identify and address issues.
Is the NHS ready for the UK's copper network to be switched off?
Authors: Pateman Chris
Published: April 2024

With all analogue lines the UK due to be switched off by the end of 2025, Chris Pateman, trade association professional and consultant editor of Comms Business magazine, highlights key areas of concern for healthcare organisations. Readers are encouraged to get involved with the Fit To Switch campaign through the online survey linked at the end of this article.
Effect of Buerger–Allen exercise on wound healing in patients with diabetic foot ulcers: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ahmad Ahmad Mahdi , Mohammed Alaa Abulfotouh , Khalifa Walaa Anwar , Ali Heba Mohammed , Abdel-Aziz Akram
Published: April 2024

Objective:

A diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a complication of type 2 diabetes that is difficult to treat. Buerger–Allen exercise has shown effectiveness in improving foot circulation and neuropathy in several studies; however, to the best of our knowledge, no randomised controlled study has investigated its effectiveness for DFU healing. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effects of Buerger–Allen exercise on the healing of DFUs in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Method:

This is a parallel-group randomised controlled trial (RCT). Of 50 patients with neuropathic DFUs, 41 completed the study. They were assigned randomly to a study group (n=21) and a control group (n=20). Patients in the study group received the standard medical treatment and semi-supervised Buerger–Allen exercise for three sessions per week for four weeks, while patients in the control group only received the standard medical treatment. The outcome measures were: ankle–brachial pressure index (ABPI); ulcer size; ulcer depth; SINBAD score; and ulcer risk for poor outcomes (based on the SINBAD score).

Results:

The study group's mean age was 49.48±6.45 years and the control group's mean age was 49.15±5.85. The study group's ABPI increased significantly compared to the baseline (1.17±0.04 versus 1.11±0.05, respectively; p<0.001) and the control group (1.17±0.04 versus 1.14±0.05, respectively; p=0.04) post-intervention. Ulcer size also reduced significantly in the study group compared to the baseline (2.63±2.0 versus 7.48±5.55cm2, respectively; p<0.001) and the control group (2.63±2.0 versus 6.43±4.45cm2, respectively; p<0.001) post-intervention. Ulcer depth decreased significantly in the study group compared to the baseline (1.71±1.05 versus 4.19±1.74mm, respectively; p<0.001) and the control group (1.71±1.05 versus 2.80±1.57mm, respectively; p=0.01) post-intervention. Furthermore, the SINBAD score in the study group decreased significantly compared to the baseline (1.38±0.86 versus 2.14±1.06, respectively; p<0.001) and the control group (1.38±0.86 versus 2.0±0.79, respectively; p=0.02) post-intervention. Moreover, the ulcer risk for poor outcomes, based on the SINBAD score, reduced significantly only in the study group, compared to the baseline (p=0.041). The control group showed non-significant changes compared to the baseline in all outcome measures (p>0.05).

Conclusion:

From the findings of this RCT, Buerger–Allen exercise, in combination with standard wound care, may help accelerate the healing of neuropathic DFUs in patients with type 2 diabetes, and could be suggested as part of the management plan for such conditions as an easy-to-perform offloading exercise intervention.
Incisal edge resorption of an unerupted maxillary incisor: a previously unreported phenomenon
Authors: Sawyer Jennifer , Scott Julia
Published: April 2024

A healthy 8-year-old male presented with an unerupted upper right central incisor (UR1) associated with two supernumerary teeth. Despite extraction of the supernumerary teeth, a gold chain bonded to the UR1 and 16 months of orthodontic traction, the UR1 failed to erupt. A decision was therefore made for extraction and replacement. At the time of surgery, it was noted that the incisal edge of the crown was significantly resorbed. This report describes the presentation, investigation and management of the ectopic, impacted UR1 with a discussion of the possible aetiology of the resorption of the crown.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: This report describes the presentation, investigation and management of the ectopic, impacted UR1 with a discussion of the possible aetiology of the resorption of the crown.
A multidisciplinary approach to managing a missing central incisor, impacted canines and complex medical history: a case report
Authors: Humphreys Judi , Keshtgar Asma , Bryant Cathy , Patel Maalini , Sood Sanjeev , Patel Shruti
Published: April 2024

Hypodontia of a maxillary central incisor is infrequent and can indicate Solitary median maxillary central incisor syndrome. We report on an 11-year-old child with medical comorbidities who presented with hypodontia of a maxillary central incisor, buccally impacted maxillary canines and root resorption of the maxillary lateral incisors. She had previously had dental extractions. Joint orthodontic–paediatric–oral surgery treatment included loss of the maxillary lateral incisors and fixed orthodontic appliances to idealize space for prosthetic replacement of a central incisor. The value of multidisciplinary planning is emphasized and the dental considerations for patients with complex medical histories explored.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: The reader should have an understanding of the importance of a joint orthodontic-paediatric-oral surgery approach when managing complex paediatric dental patients.
“If we don’t take them off our streets, they’re going to continue to prey on innocent people.”
Authors: Marko Karoline
Published: April 2024

Mass incarceration and high rates of recidivism in the United States have long been discussed in the scientific literature. A punitive culture has fostered harsh punishments and incarceration without considerable effects on recidivism rates. At the same time, research has indicated that rehabilitative measures and treatment programs for offenders have positive effects on their reintegration into society and help to reduce recidivism rates. In the present study, the discourse surrounding recidivism in the New York Times and the New York Post is investigated with a corpus of 666,290 words. The analyses indicate that the New York Times encourages a discussion of rehabilitative measures and adopts a view of recidivism that highlights recidivists’ potential for change. The New York Post, on the other hand, takes a more conservative approach and adopts a more dire view of recidivists, considering recidivism as a character trait rather than an indicator for the relative success of rehabilitation programs.
Sharing as displaying: parents’ sharenting practices within conflictual separations
Authors: Tartari Morena , Lavorgna Anita , Ugwudike Pamela
Published: April 2024

The emergent practice of sharing textual and audiovisual content concerning underage children online by their parents or guardians, also known as ‘sharenting’, is part of emerging digital cultures, which are enabled by affordances provided by new media technologies. Based on data from a passive virtual ethnography of Facebook communities, this article analyses the sharenting practices of parents involved in judicial litigations. While contributing to wider debates on doing and displaying family and controversial sharenting activities, the results of this article show how sharenting is addressed in online communities by administrators and other users; how the privacy vs openness paradox about sharing information and content concerning children’s involvement in judicial litigations is negotiated by parents and administrators; and how online and offline parenting cultures affect sharenting as a practice.