bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultra-low-cost and high-fidelity NIR-II confocal laser scanning microscope with Bessel beam excitation and SiPM detection
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Yan Tianyu , Wang Lin , Wang Nan , Yang Xiaoli , Wang Xiaodong , Cai Hu , Yuan Zhen , Ma Xiaopeng , Chen Xueli
Published: July 2024

Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) is one of the most important imaging tools in the biomedical field, and near-infrared-II (NIR-II, 900-1700nm) fluorescence imaging technology has also made fruitful research progress in deep imaging in recent years. The NIR-II based CLSM has problems such as an expensive detector and reduced image resolution caused by long wavelength excitation. Here, by simultaneously using a low-cost silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) as a detector and a Bessel beam as an excitation, we developed an ultra-low-cost and high-fidelity NIR-II confocal laser scanning microscope. The use of SiPM reduces the cost of the NIR-II fluorescence detection module in CLSM, while enabling the detection of ultra-broadband fluorescence signals spanning visible to NIR-II regions. The introduction of the Bessel beam compensates to some extent for the weakening of spatial resolution caused by the increase in the wavelength of light in the NIR region. Experimental results show that the use of the Bessel beam can improve the resolution by 12% when observing thin samples. With the increase of sample thickness, the imaging resolution of the Bessel beam at NIR-II wavelengths is better than that of the Gaussian beam at NIR-I wavelengths at the penetrable depth of the NIR-I light. At deeper depths, the imaging resolution and imaging depth of Bessel beam CLSM is superior to Gaussian beam CLSM at the same excitation power.
Computational diffraction-limited imaging with a non-imaging spatial information transfer lens
Authors: Liu Yingli , Ding Zhihui , Guo Fengxu , Guo Cheng , Jia Shengnan , Li Haifeng , Wu Rengmao , Liu Xu
Published: July 2024

The demand for low-cost, high-performance miniaturized optical imaging systems requires creating a new imaging paradigm. In this paper, we propose an imaging paradigm that achieves diffraction-limited imaging with a non-imaging spatial information transfer lens. The spatial information transfer lens realizes a perfect match between the space–bandwidth product (SBP) of the lens and that of the image sensor so that the collected spatial information from the object can be totally recorded and fully resolved by the image sensor. A backward wave propagation model is developed to reconstruct the object by propagating the light wave modulated by the information transfer lens back from the image space to object space. The proposed imaging paradigm breaks the point-to-point imaging structure and removes the focusing-distance constraint, allowing a flexible arrangement of the object and the image sensor along the optical axis with a compact form factor of the optical system. We experimentally demonstrate the versatility and effectiveness of the proposed imaging paradigm. The proposed imaging paradigm is low-cost, simple in configuration, flexible in arrangement, and diffraction limited with great potential applications in biomedical imaging.
Goal-directed attention transforms both working and long-term memory representations in the human parietal cortex
Authors: Hu Huinan , Li Anqi , Zhang Liang , Liu Chuqi , Shi Liang , Peng Xiaojing , Li Tong , Zhou Yu , Xue Gui
Published: July 2024

The abundance of distractors in the world poses a major challenge to our brain’s limited processing capacity, but little is known about how selective attention modulates stimulus representations in the brain to reduce interference and support durable target memory. Here, we collected functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data in a selective attention task in which target and distractor pictures of different visual categories were simultaneously presented. Participants were asked to selectively process the target according to the effective cue, either before the encoding period (i.e., perceptual attention) or the maintenance period (i.e., reflective attention). On the next day, participants were asked to perform a memory recognition task in the scanner in which the targets, distractors, and novel items were presented in a pseudorandom order. Behavioral results showed that perceptual attention was better at enhancing target memory and reducing distractor memory than reflective attention, although the overall memory capacity (memory for both target and distractor) was comparable. Using multiple-voxel pattern analysis of the neural data, we found more robust target representation and weaker distractor representation in working memory for perceptual attention than for reflective attention. Interestingly, perceptual attention partially shifted the regions involved in maintaining the target representation from the visual cortex to the parietal cortex. Furthermore, the targets and distractors simultaneously presented in the perceptual attention condition showed reduced pattern similarity in the parietal cortex during retrieval compared to items not presented together. This neural pattern repulsion positively correlated with individuals’ recognition of both targets and distractors. These results emphasize the critical role of selective attention in transforming memory representations to reduce interference and improve long-term memory performance.
Exploring patient-, provider-, and health facility-level determinants of blood pressure among patients with hypertension: A multicenter study in Ghana
Authors: Byiringiro Samuel , Hinneh Thomas , Commodore-Mensah Yvonne , Masteller Jill , Sarfo Fred Stephen , Perrin Nancy , Assibey Shadrack , Himmelfarb Cheryl R.
Published: July 2024

Optimal blood pressure (BP) control is essential in averting cardiovascular disease and associated complications, yet multiple factors influence the achievement of BP targets. We explored patient-, provider-, and health facility-level factors of systolic and diastolic BP and controlled BP status among patients with hypertension in Ghana. Using a cross-sectional design, we recruited 15 health facilities, and from each facility, we recruited four healthcare providers involved in managing hypertension and 15 patients diagnosed with hypertension. The primary outcome of interest was systolic and diastolic BP; the secondary outcome was BP control (<140/90 mmHg) in compliance with Ghana’s national standard treatment guidelines. We used mixed-effects regression models to explore the patient- and facility-level predictors of the outcomes. Two hundred twenty-four patients and 67 healthcare providers were sampled across 15 health facilities. The mean (SD) age of providers and patients was 32 (7) and 61 (13) years, respectively. Most (182 [81%]) of the patient participants were female, and almost half (109 [49%]) had controlled BP. At the patient level, traveling for 30 minutes to one hour to the health facility was associated with higher diastolic BP (Coeff.:3.75, 95% CI: 0.12, 7.38) and lower odds of BP control (OR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.28, 0.92) compared to traveling for less than 30 minutes. Receiving hypertension care at government health facilities than at private health facilities was associated with lower systolic BP (Coeff.: -13.89; 95% CI: -23.99, -3.79). A higher patient-to-physician or physician-assistant ratio was associated with elevated systolic BP (Coeff.: 21.34; 95% CI: 8.94, 33.74) and lower odds of controlled BP (OR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.72). Along with addressing the patient-level factors influencing BP outcomes in Ghana, there is a need for public health and policy interventions addressing the inaccessibility of hypertension services, the shortage of clinical care providers, and the underperformance of private health facilities.
Spatiotemporal analysis of within-country imported malaria in Brazilian municipalities, 2004–2022
Authors: Arisco Nicholas J. , Peterka Cassio , Castro Marcia C.
Published: July 2024

Human mobility has challenged malaria elimination efforts and remains difficult to routinely track. In Brazil, administrative records from the Ministry of Health allow monitoring of mobility locally and internationally. Although most imported malaria cases are between municipalities in Brazil, detailed knowledge of patterns of mobility is limited. Here, we address this gap by quantifying and describing patterns of malaria-infected individuals across the Amazon. We used network analysis, spatial clustering, and linear models to quantify and characterize the movement of malaria cases in Brazil between 2004 and 2022. We identified sources and sinks of malaria within and between states. We found that between-state movement of cases has become proportionally more important than within-state, that source clusters persisted longer than sink clusters, that movement of cases into sinks was seasonal while movement out of sources was not, and that importation is an impediment for subnational elimination in many municipalities. We elucidate the vast travel networks of malaria infected individuals that characterize the Amazon region. Uncovering patterns of malaria case mobility is vital for effective microstratification within Brazil. Our results have implications for intervention stratification across Brazil in line with the country’s goal of malaria elimination by 2035.
American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Imported cases in Berlin 2000–2023
Authors: Lindner Andreas K. , Moreno-del Castillo Maria Cristina , Wintel Mia , Equihua Martinez Gabriela , Richter Joachim , Kurth Florian , Pfäfflin Frieder , Zoller Thomas , Gertler Maximilian , Georgi Susanne , Nürnberg Michael , Hülso Claudia , Bernhard Julian , Kotsias Sarah Konopelska , Seigerschmidt Antonio , van Loon Welmoed , Mockenhaupt Frank , Kampmann Beate , Harms Gundel
Published: July 2024

Background

American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) shows variable response to therapy, but data on species-specific treatment efficacy is scarce. We describe the clinical characteristics and outcome of patients with ACL imported to a tertiary centre in Germany and determine whether species-specific therapy according to the 2014 “LeishMan” group recommendations is associated with cure.

Methods

A retrospective chart review was conducted at the Charité Institute of International Health in Berlin. We analysed data on PCR-confirmed ACL cases collected between 2000 and 2023. Systemic therapy included liposomal amphotericin B, miltefosine, pentavalent antimony, ketoconazole or itraconazole. Localized therapy included perilesional pentavalent antimony or paromomycin ointment. Cure was defined as re-epithelialization of ulcers or disappearance of papular-nodular lesions after 3 months of treatment. Logistic regression models were used to quantify the effect of species-specific systemic therapy on the outcome.

Results

75 cases were analysed. Most patients were male (62%), median age was 35 years, no patient had a history of immunosuppression. The most common reason for travel was tourism (60%), the most common destination was Costa Rica (28%), the median duration of illness was 8 weeks, and most patients presented with ulcers (87%). Lesions were complex in 43%. The most common Leishmania (L.) species was L. braziliensis (28%), followed by L. panamensis (21%). 51/73 (70%) patients were cured after initial therapy and 17/21 (81%) after secondary therapy. Cure after systemic therapy was more frequent when species-specific treatment recommendations were followed (33/45; 73%), compared to when not followed, (6/17; 35%, P = 0.008). This association was independent of age, sex, previous therapy, complex lesions, and Leishmania species (adjusted OR, 5.06; 95% CI, 1.22–24.16).

Conclusions

ACL is a rare, imported disease in Germany. Complex lesions were common, challenging successful therapy. This study highlights the importance of identifying the parasite species and suggests that a species-specific approach to treatment leads to better outcomes.
Continental scale dietary patterns in a New World raptor using web-sourced photographs
Authors: Panter Connor T. , Naude Vincent N. , Barbar Facundo , Amar Arjun
Published: July 2024

Dietary studies are essential to better understand raptor ecology and resource requirements through time and space, informing species habitat use, interspecific interactions and demographic rates. Methods used to collect data on raptor diets can constrain how dietary analyses can be interpreted. Traditional approaches to study raptor diets, such as analysis of pellets or prey remains, often provide dietary data at the local population level and tend to be restricted to pairs during the breeding season. The increasing use of citizen science data has the potential to provide dietary inferences at larger spatial, demographic and temporal scales. Using web-sourced photography, we explore continental-scale demographic and latitudinal dietary patterns between adult and non-adult Crested Caracaras (Caracara plancus), throughout the species’ range across the Americas. We analysed 1,555 photographs of caracaras feeding and found no age effects on the probabilities of different food groups being included in photographs. The probability of reptiles being included in photographs of caracaras from the northern population was significantly higher than those from the southern population, with the opposite pattern for birds. There were significant latitudinal effects with the probabilities of fishes and invertebrates in the diet of northern caracaras increasing towards the equator. Contrastingly, the probability of mammals in the diet increased away from the equator for both populations. Assuming the focal species is well-sampled, web-sourced photography can improve our understanding of raptor diets at large-scales and complements more traditional approaches. This approach is more accessible to raptor researchers without access to the field or expertise in physical prey identification techniques.
Uncertainty in banking and debt financing of firms in Vietnam
Authors: Huynh Japan , Phan Thi Minh Hue
Published: July 2024

This study explores the effects of banking uncertainty on firms’ debt financing. Employing data from 2007 to 2022 of Vietnam–a bank-based economy, we document that banking uncertainty negatively impacts corporate debt. The impact firmly holds across various debt maturities and sources, with the most predominant driver witnessed in bank debt. We also investigate the potential underlying mechanism linking banking uncertainty to debt financing, thereby validating the working of three crucial channels, including increased costs of debt, substitution of trade credit, and contractions in firm investment. Furthermore, conducting extended analysis, we find that debt financing exhibits more pronounced reactions to banking uncertainty for firms with closer ties to banks or during macroeconomic shocks, as captured by the financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings survive after robustness checks by alternative measurement, static and dynamic econometric models, and endogeneity controls.
Dual-targeting class I HDAC inhibitor and ATM activator, SP-1-303, preferentially inhibits estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cell growth
Authors: Jung Mira , Nicholas Nicole , Grindrod Scott , Dritschilo Anatoly
Published: July 2024

Dual-targeting chromatin regulation and DNA damage repair signaling presents a promising avenue for cancer therapy. Applying rational drug design, we synthesized a potent dual-targeting small molecule, SP-1-303. Here, we report SP-1-303 as a class I isoform selective histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor and an activator of the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated protein (ATM). In vitro enzymatic assays demonstrated selective inhibition of HDAC1 and HDAC3. Cellular growth inhibition studies show that SP-1-303 differentially inhibits growth of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer (ER+ BC) cells with effective growth inhibition concentrations (EC50) for MCF-7 and T47D cells ranging from 0.32 to 0.34 μM, compared to 1.2–2.5 μM for triple negative breast cancer cells, and ~12 μM for normal breast epithelial cells. Western analysis reveals that SP-1-303 decreases estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α) expression and increases p53 protein expression, while inducing the phosphorylation of ATM and its substrates, BRCA1 and p53, in a time-dependent manner in ER+ BC cells. Pharmacokinetic evaluation demonstrates an area under the curve (AUC) of 5227.55 ng/ml × h with an elimination half-life of 1.26 h following intravenous administration in a rat model. Collectively, SP-1-303 emerges as a novel second generation class I (HDAC1 and HDAC3) selective HDAC inhibitor, and ATM activator, capable of modulating ER expression, and inhibiting growth of ER+ BC cells. Combined targeting of class I HDACs and ATM by SP-1-303 offers a promising therapeutic approach for treating ER+ breast cancers and supports further preclinical evaluation.
Social determinants and work-related musculoskeletal disorders in Brazil
Authors: da Silva Pontes Nayara , Costa de Assis Sanderson José , de Oliveira Gabrielle Silva , de Castro Santana Rebeca , de Oliveira Nunes Rebeca Freitas , Bezerra Rocha Emannuel Alcides , de Souza Clécio G. , Roncalli Angelo Giuseppe , Gonçalves Guedes Marcello Barbosa Otoni
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) and their association with individual and contextual factors in the Brazilian population. This quantitative cross-sectional study used secondary data from the Brazilian National Health Survey from August 2013 to February 2014. The dependent variable included WMSD, and independent variables were analyzed as individual and contextual factors. WMSD was mostly prevalent in females, individuals aged 43 to 59 years, with chronic physical or mental disorders, reporting frequent sleep disorders, and performing integrative and complementary health practices, physical exercise or sports, and heavy physical activity or housework. Regarding contextual factors, high social classes and proportion of individuals with formal work were associated with a high prevalence of WMSD, whereas a high Gini index was associated with a low prevalence. Thus, a high prevalence of WMSD in the Brazilian population was associated with individual and contextual factors, which should be the target of health professionals for actions of promotion, prevention, and intervention at individual or collective care levels.
Preliminary study of indocyanine green-guided laparoscopic lateral lymph node dissection for rectal cancer
Authors: Wu Chu-Ying , Zhong Wen-Jin , Ye Kai
Published: July 2024

Background

LLNM can occur in mid-low rectal cancer, but LLND in patients with rectal cancer presents certain challenges. Recent years have seen the progressive application of ICG fluorescence imaging technology in colorectal surgery. This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of ICG-guided laparoscopic LLND for rectal cancer.

Methods

We applied ICG-guided laparoscopic lateral lymph node dissection in 11 patients diagnosed as rectal cancer with lateral lymph node metastasis.

Results

All 11 patients in this group successfully completed ICG-guided laparoscopic LLND for rectal cancer with good lateral lymph node imaging.

Conclusions

ICG-guided laparoscopic LLND for rectal cancer is safe and represents a feasible solution, thereby providing valuable guidance for intraoperative lymph node dissection.
First-line infertility treatment in normal or subnormal sperm: Interest of a simplified pre-IMSI test
Authors: Sigala Julien , Poirey Sophie , Robert Julien , Pouget Olivier , Mura Thibault , Huberlant Stephanie , Rougier Nathalie
Published: July 2024

Background

In the field of male infertility, when sperm is normal/subnormal, a few “add-on” routine tests can complete the basic semen examination.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a faster, simplified motile sperm organelle morphology examination (MSOME) technique for selected infertile patients with apparently normal/subnormal sperm and, in their background: failure of two or three intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles, repeatedly fragmented embryos, embryonic development to blastocyst-stage failures, repeated miscarriages, a long period of infertility or 2 or more IVF attempts without pregnancy.

Our test results were correlated with IUI, conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and intracytoplasmic morphologically selected sperm injection (IMSI) outcomes.

Materials and methods

We validated an adapted version of the MSOME analysis called the pre-IMSI test (PIT), based on vacuole evaluation alone. 248 infertile patients from our assisted reproductive technology (ART) Center were retrospectively selected and split into three PIT score subgroups (patients with ≤8% (score I), 9 to 15% (score II) and ≥16% normal spermatozoa (score III)) based on the correlation between PIT results and each ART technique outcome. The choice of one or another of these ART techniques had been made according to the usual clinico-biological criteria.

Results

Clinical outcomes for each of the three PIT subgroups were compared individually for the different ART techniques. For ICSI, the effect of the PIT score subgroup was significant for clinical pregnancies (p = 0.0054) and presented a trend for live births (p = 0.0614). Miscarriage rates of IVF attempts were statistically different depending on the PIT score (p = 0.0348). Furthermore, the odds ratios of clinical pregnancy rates were significantly different according to PIT score subgroup when comparing ICSI vs. IMSI or IVF vs. ICSI attempts.

Discussion

IMSI appears to be recommended when sperm belongs to PIT score I, ICSI when it belongs to PIT score II and IVF or IUI when sperm is of PIT score III quality in selected infertile couples. The lack of statistical power in these PIT subgroups means that we must remain cautious in interpreting results.

Conclusion

Our results support the interest of this simplified test for certain couples with normal/subnormal sperm to help choose the most efficient ART technique, even as first-line treatment.
Influence of perch provision during rearing on activity and musculoskeletal health of pullets
Authors: Anderson Mallory G. , Johnson Alexa M. , Harrison Cerano , Jones Jeryl , Ali Ahmed
Published: July 2024

Prior research suggests exercise during pullet rearing can mitigate lay-phase bone fractures by strengthening muscles, enhancing balance, and increasing bone mass. This study aimed to confirm that Hy-Line brown pullets with multi-tier perches show increased activity and improved musculoskeletal health. Pullets (n = 810) were randomly allocated to housing systems, either with multi-tier perches (P; n = 15 pens) or without (NP; n = 15 pens), spanning from 0–17 weeks of age. At 5, 11, and 17 weeks, individual birds were meticulously monitored for activity using accelerometers over three consecutive days (n = 90 randomly selected birds/week). At 11 and 17 weeks, 60 birds underwent euthanasia and computed tomography (CT) scans to ascertain tibiotarsal bone mineral density and cross-sectional area measurements. Post-CT scanning, birds were dissected for muscle size, tibiotarsal breaking strength, and tibiotarsal ash percentage measurements. Additionally, serum concentrations of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide were assessed as markers of bone formation (n = 90 birds/week). Pullet group P exhibited heightened vertical activity (P<0.05), with no discernible differences in overall activity (P>0.05) during weeks 5, 11, and 17 compared to group NP. Tibiotarsal bones of P pullets demonstrated superior total and cortical bone mineral density at week 11, alongside increased cortical bone cross-sectional areas and heightened total and cortical bone mineral densities at week 17 (P<0.05) compared to NP pullets. At week 11, P pullets displayed larger leg muscles, including triceps, pectoralis major and minor, and leg muscles at week 17 (P<0.05) compared to NP pullets. Notably, at both weeks, P pullets’ tibiae exhibited greater breaking strengths, higher ash percentages, and elevated concentrations of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide compared to NP pullets (P<0.05). The study findings underscore the benefits of providing multi-tier perches for pullets, serving as a valuable tool for enhancing bird activity and musculoskeletal health preceding the lay phase.
Association between sleep duration and hypertension incidence: Systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies
Authors: Hosseini Kaveh , Soleimani Hamidreza , Tavakoli Kiarash , Maghsoudi Milad , Heydari Narges , Farahvash Yasmin , Etemadi Ali , Najafi Kimia , Askari Mani K. , Gupta Rahul , Hakim Diaa , Rahimi Kazem
Published: July 2024

Aim

Sleep duration has been suggested to be associated with hypertension (HTN). However, evidence of the nature of the relationship and its direction has been inconsistent. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to assess the relationship between sleep duration and risk of HTN incidence, and to distinguish more susceptible populations.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest were searched from January 2000 to May 2023 for cohort studies comparing short and long sleep durations with 7–8 hours of sleep for the risk of HTN incidence. Random-effect model (the DerSimonian-Laird method) was applied to pool risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

We included sixteen studies ranging from 2.4 to 18 years of follow-up duration evaluating HTN incidence in 1,044,035 people. Short sleep duration was significantly associated with a higher risk of developing HTN (HR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.06–1.09). The association was stronger when the sleep duration was less than 5 hours (HR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.08–1.14). In contrast to males, females (HR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.04–1.09) were more vulnerable to developing HTN due to short sleep duration. No significant difference between different follow-up durations and age subgroups was observed. Long sleep duration was not associated with an increased incidence of HTN.

Conclusion

Short sleep duration was associated with higher risk of HTN incidence, however, there was no association between long sleep duration and incidence of HTN. These findings highlight the importance of implementing target-specific preventive and interventional strategies for vulnerable populations with short sleep duration to reduce the risk of HTN.
Impact of pole dancing on mental wellbeing and sexual self-concept: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Xizi , Shen Jianyu , Cui Kai , Wang Ying
Published: July 2024

Background

Despite the recognized psychological benefits of traditional dance forms, the impact of newer forms, such as pole dancing, on mental well-being and sexual self-concept remains underexplored. This protocol outlines a systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at elucidating the effects of pole dancing, a burgeoning non-pharmacological intervention, on these dimensions of mental health.

Methods

This systematic review was registered in the PROSPERO. We will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Protocol to accomplish the systematic review protocol. This review will systematically search electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Medline, and CNKI, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the impact of pole dancing on mental well-being and sexual self-concept. Two independent evaluators will screen the literature, extract data, and evaluate study quality and bias. Data synthesis will utilize Stata 14.0 and Revman 5.4, employing random-effects models. The Grading of Recommendations, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system will appraise evidence reliability, with subgroup analysis exploring heterogeneity sources. Publication bias will be assessed through funnel plots and Egger’s regression tests.

Discussion

This review aims to fill the gap in the current literature by providing a comprehensive evaluation of pole dancing’s psychological effects. It is anticipated that this systematic review and meta-analysis will offer valuable insights for health policy and practice, advocating for the inclusion of pole dancing in mental health and sexual well-being interventions.

Trial registration

Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42024529369.
Histologic Activity From Neoterminal Ileal Biopsies in Patients With Crohn's Disease in Endoscopic Remission is Associated With Postoperative Recurrence
Authors: Shah Ravi S. , Hu Jessica H. , Bachour Salam , Joseph Abel , Syed Hareem , Yang Qijun , Hajj Ali Adel , Li Terry , Contreras Sussell , Pothula Shravya , Vinaithirthan Vall , Regueiro Miguel , Axelrad Jordan , Barnes Edward L. , Cohen Benjamin L. , Click Benjamin H.
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Following ileocolic resection (ICR), the clinical importance and prognostic implications of histologic activity on biopsies in Crohn's disease (CD) patients with endoscopic remission are not well defined. The aim of this study was to determine if histologic activity in patients with endoscopic remission is associated with future risk of endoscopic and/or radiologic postoperative recurrence (POR).

METHODS:

In this multicenter retrospective cohort study, adult patients with CD who underwent ICR between 2009 and 2020 with endoscopic biopsies of ileal mucosa from Rutgeerts i0 on index colonoscopy were included. The composite rate of endoscopic (Rutgeerts score ≥i2b) and radiologic (active inflammation on imaging) recurrence was compared in patients with and without histologic activity using a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. A multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression model including clinically relevant risk factors of POR, postoperative biologic prophylaxis, and histology activity was designed.

RESULTS:

A total of 113 patients with i0 disease on index colonoscopy after ICR were included. Of these, 42% had histologic activity. Time to POR was significantly earlier in the histologically active versus normal group (P = 0.04). After adjusting for clinical risk factors of POR, histologic activity (HR 2.37, 95% CI 1.17–4.79; P = 0.02) and active smoking (HR 2.54, 95% CI 1.02–6.33; P = 0.05) were independently associated with subsequent composite POR risk.

DISCUSSION:

In patients with postoperative CD, histologic activity despite complete endoscopic remission is associated with composite, endoscopic, and radiographic recurrence. Further understanding of the role of histologic activity in patients with Rutgeerts i0 disease may provide a novel target to reduce disease recurrence in this population.
Type 2 amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis: prevalence, time and predictors of development
Authors: Ermolaeva A. S. , Fadeev V. V.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Amiodarone takes a leading position in arrhythmological practice in the prevention and relief of various cardiac arrhythmias. Type 2 amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis is a frequent side effect of the drug. It is the most complex type of thyroid dysfunction both in terms of the severity of clinical manifestations, and in terms of understanding the mechanisms of pathogenesis, possibility of differential diagnosis and providing effective treatment. Due to the increasing life expectancy of the population, corresponding increase in the frequency of cardiac arrhythmias, the problem does not lose its relevance. Identification of predictors, assessment and prediction of the individual risk of developing this thyroid pathology is a necessity in daily clinical practice for making a reasonable decision when prescribing the drug, determining the algorithm for further dynamic monitoring of the patient.

AIM: To evaluate the structure of amiodarone-induced thyroid dysfunction, prevalence, time and predictors of development type 2 amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis in a prospective cohort study. 

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 124 patients without thyroid dysfunction who received amiodarone therapy for the first time. Evaluation of the functional state of the thyroid gland was performed initially, after prescribing the drug for the first 3 months 1 time per month, in the future – every 3 months. The follow-up period averaged 12-24 months. The end of the observation occurred with the development of amiodaron-induced thyroid dysfunction or patient's refusal to further participate in the study. For the differential diagnosis of the type of amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis, the level of anti-TSH receptor antibodies and thyroid scintigraphy with technetium pertechnetate were determined. The type and frequency of thyroid dysfunction, time and predictors of development type 2 amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis were evaluated.

RESULTS: The structure of amiodarone-induced thyroid dysfunction was represented by hypothyroidism in 19,3% (n=24), type 1 thyrotoxicosis in 1,6% (n=2), type 2 thyrotoxicosis in 23,4% (n=29). The median time of its development was 92,0 [69,0;116,0] weeks; the average period of common survival – 150,2±12,6 weeks (95% CI: 125,5–175,0), median – 144±21,7 weeks (95% CI: 101,4–186,6). The main predictors of type 2 amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis were: age (OR=0,931; 95% CI: 0,895–0,968; p<0.001), BMI (OR=0,859; 95% CI: 0,762–0,967; p=0,012), time from the start of amiodarone therapy (OR=1,023; 95% CI: 1,008–1,038; p=0,003). Age ≤60 years was associated with increased risk of the dysfunction by 2.4 times (OR=2,352; 95% CI: 1,053–5,253; p=0,037), BMI≤26,6 kg/m2 – 2,3 times (OR=2,301; 95% CI: 1,025–5,165; p=0,043). 

CONCLUSION: The results allow to personalized estimate the risk of type 2 amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis and determine the patient's management tactic.
Unification of pathomorphological examination of patients with neuroendocrine tumors of the pituitary gland. Controversial issues of the new classification
Authors: Pronin V. S. , Antsiferov M. B. , Alekseeva T. M. , Pronin E. V. , Lapshina A. M. , Urusova L. S.
Published: July 2024

The progressive improvement of the classification using modern analytical methods is an essential tool for the development of precise and personalized approaches to the treatment of pituitary adenomas. In recent years, endocrinologists have witnessed evolutionary changes that have occurred in the histopathological identification of pituitary neoplasms, revealing new possibilities for studying tumorigenesis and predicting biological behavior.

The paper considers the historical aspects of the gradual improvement of the classification of pituitary adenomas, as well as the new international 2022 WHO classification, according to which pituitary adenomas are included in the list of neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) to reflect the biological aggressiveness of some non-metastatic pituitary adenomas. The characteristics of pituitary adenoma are presented, as well as a list of histological subtypes of aggressive neuroendocrine tumors of the pituitary gland, marked by the main potentials for invasive growth, an increased risk of recurrence and a negative clinical prognosis.

The expediency of changing the definition of «pituitary adenoma» to «neuroendocrine tumor» is discussed. It is emphasized that the introduction of a unified clinical, laboratory and morphological protocol into national clinical practice will help provide comparable comparative studies on the prognosis of the disease and the effectiveness of secondary therapy and also contribute to adequate management of potentially aggressive PitNETs.
Primary hyperparathyroidism in children
Authors: Benina A. R. , Kolodkina A. A. , Tiul’pakov A. N. , Kalinchenko N. Yu. , Brovin D. M. , Anikiev A. V. , Danilenko O. S. , Sheremeta M. S. , Zakharova V. V. , Solodovnikova E. N. , Bezlepkina O. B.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is an endocrine disorder characterized by excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) with upper-normal or elevated blood calcium levels due to primary thyroid gland pathology. PHPT is a rare pathology in children, with a prevalence of 2–5:100,000 children according to the literature. Due to the non-specificity of clinical manifestations at onset (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, emotional lability), the disease may remain undiagnosed for a long time.

AIM: To study the features of the course and molecular genetic basis of primary hyperparathyroidism in children.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective observational study of 49 patients diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism. All patients underwent a comprehensive laboratory-instrumental and molecular genetic study at the Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center of Russia in the period 2014–2022.

RESULTS: The first clinical symptoms of PHPT were noted at the age of 13.8 years [10.6; 1 5.2], among which fatigue, headaches, dyspepsia, lower limb pain, and fractures were the most common. The age of diagnosis was 15.81 years [13.1; 16.8], all children were found to have high levels of PTH, total and ionized calcium, with hypophosphatemia in 93.9% of patients (n=46) and hypercalciuria in 43% (n=21). Five out of 49 patients (10.2%) were found to have ectopy of the thyroid: 3 showed an intrathyroidal location, 2 in the mediastinal region. Molecular genetic study revealed mutations in 32.7% of patients (n=16, CI (21; 47)), mutations in MEN1 being the most frequent (n=11). Pathogenic variants in CDC73 were detected in 3 patients, RET — in 2. Among the operated 39 patients, adenoma of the thyroid was detected in 84.6% of cases (n=33), hyperplasia in 7.7% (n=3), atypical adenoma in 5.1% (n=2), carcinoma in 5.1% of cases (n=2).

CONCLUSION: The paper presents the peculiarities of the course and the results of molecular genetic study of pediatric PHPT. This sample is the largest among those published in the Russian Federation.
The history of the institute of higher and additional professional education of the Endocrinology Reserch Centre
Authors: Sumina S. V. , Pigarova E. A. , Dzeranova L. K. , Kuzmin A. G.
Published: July 2024

The Endocrinology Reserch Centre is proud not only of its achievements in the area of personalized approach to the examination and treatment of patients in accordance with the principles of evidence-based medicine, the use of modern diagnostic and treatment technologies, but also of its rich history of training scientific and medical personnel. For many years the Center has been attracting the best and most talented graduates of higher medical institutions, becoming the “alma mater” for young doctors - endocrinologists, pediatric endocrinologists and nutritionists. Specialists, graduates of NMRC, make a significant contribution to the development of medicine, conducting research, creating innovative methods of treatment and helping patients not only in our country, but also abroad. However, the State Research Center of the Russian Federation FGBU «NMRC Endocrinology» is famous not only for its high-quality and comprehensive training, but also for its experienced, dedicated teaching staff, giving students unique opportunities for professional growth. The purpose of this article is to reflect the most important milestones in the development of education at NMIC Endocrinology, which began its formation more than a century ago, during the most difficult period of transition for our country.
Multicriteria Model for Prospective Locations for Sediment Dump Sites Coastal Dunes Management: Case Study from Barroquinha City, Northeast Brazil
Authors: De Sá Matheus Domingos Andrade , Gandra Tiago Borges Ribeiro , Albuquerque Miguel da Guia , Paula Davis Pereira de , Soares Marcelo de Oliveira , Barros Eduardo Lacerda , Guerra Renan Gonçalves Pinheiro , Leisner Melvin Moura , Moreira Jade
Published: July 2024

Coastal zones are attractive for the development of economic interests (real estate and tourism) and are intensely occupied in a disorderly manner. Development in areas with available sediments can lead to conflicts between the natural movement of dunes and cities and communities and may result in burial processes. In addition, natural structures, such as dunes, play key roles in protecting against coastal erosion by balancing the beach-dune system with the sediment input, thus slowing the erosion process. This study aims to determine suitable areas for creating dune field dump sites in Barroquinha, Ceará, northeastern Brazil. The results showed that along the study area, the places with the greatest viability for creating dump sites were those furthest from the urban and permanent protection areas. In the stretch connecting Barroquinha City to the Bitupitá community on the CE-187 highway, 45 deposition points were monitored across five sectors under different environmental conditions. Sectors 2, 3, and 4 showed good responses to sediment fixation, in agreement with what was presented in the locational feasibility model. These results add to the discussion on urban infrastructure burying processes, making important contributions to urban planning and management in coastal areas. The results of this study will form an integral part of the Regional Contingency Plan for Incidents and/or situations of risk of environmental impacts in the coastal and/or oceanic zones of Ceará, which was conceived by the Chief Environment Scientist Program of Ceará State and contributes to the Action Plan against burying infrastructure by dune fields.
Performance of Governance by ABC Mosque Management: A Case Study of Historic Jami' Mosques in the Special Region of Yogyakarta
Authors: Alwiyah Jihan , Warsono Sony , Suandi Aprilia Beta , Muhammad Muhammad
Published: July 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of mosque management practices from the perspective of stewardship theory. This research discusses the governance of routine and incidental activities that mosque management organizes.
Methodology: This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study research design. The qualitative approach is used to gain an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon under study. In contrast, the case study design allows researchers to develop an in-depth analysis of the events that occur. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis. This research was conducted at two mosques in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, with the research subjects including mosque management (takmir).
Findings: The research examined the management practices of Masjid ABC and found that it follows a traditional and simple governance structure. Applying stewardship theory is crucial to clarifying the dynamics of mosque fund management.
Novelty: This research uses the stewardship theory perspective to see the resilience of traditional mosque management in maintaining its commitment to the congregation.
Memory, Freedom, and Identity: Challenges to “Virtual Consciousness”
Authors: Dentz René
Published: July 2024

This comprehensive text explores the intricate interplay of memory, virtuality, consciousness, and personhood in shaping the human experience. Memory is depicted as a core process integral to identity formation, transcending mere recollection to become a reflective exercise in self-discovery. The advent of the digital age raises concerns about the impact of virtual connections on authentic encounters and the preservation of individual autonomy amid algorithmic homogenizations. In examining consciousness and experience, the inseparability of life and consciousness is emphasized, alongside the significance of corporeality in self-awareness. Abduction is proposed as a mode of creative reasoning that expands our comprehension of the human mind and its relationship with the universe. Furthermore, the text delves into the notion of personhood, highlighting the complexity of identity formation through interaction with the world, others, and history. Through a reflective and pluralistic approach, traditional conceptions of being are challenged, inviting a deeper understanding of the multifaceted human condition.
Cirurgia ortognática moderna
Authors: Marotta Araújo Marcelo
Published: July 2024

Foi com grande satisfação que recebi o honroso convite para escrever sobre a Cirurgia Ortognática moderna. Atuo na área e, nos últimos 30 anos, acompanho a sua evolução, que foi muito grande. Podemos salientar, de uma forma breve, o passado, o presente e o futuro da Cirurgia Ortognática. Se voltarmos um pouco no tempo, na década de 70 do século passado, os trabalhos científicos sobre a vascularização da maxila e as modificações da osteotomia sagital revolucionaram o planejamento e as técnicas da Cirurgia Ortognática.
Proposta de protocolo de tratamento para isquemia tecidual após segmentação maxilar: relato de caso
Authors: Marotta Araujo Marcelo , Toledo Gabriel , Zuccolotto Thaina , L. Sato Fabio , Boaventura da Silva Igor
Published: July 2024

Introdução: A necrose asséptica da maxila representa uma complicação pós-operatória desafiadora associada à osteotomia Le Fort I, um procedimento comum em cirurgias ortognáticas para correção de deformidades maxilomandibulares. Objetivo: Este trabalho visa apresentar um protocolo de tratamento eficaz para a gestão dessa condição. Caso Clínico: Paciente com 37 anos de idade, diagnosticada com hipoplasia/atresia maxilar e prognatismo mandibular, submetida a tratamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico, que incluiu avanço e segmentação maxilar em quatro segmentos, recuo mandibular e mentoplastia. No sexto dia pós-operatório, a paciente apresentou uma área isquêmica na gengiva vestibular, sem dor, sinais de infecção ativa ou isquemia palatina. Um protocolo de tratamento foi iniciado, incluindo acompanhamento clínico a cada dois dias, higiene oral rigorosa, uso de digluconato de clorexidina, antibioticoterapia, pentoxifilina 400mg, além de sessões de oxigenoterapia hiperbárica e laserterapia. Resultados: A paciente demonstrou melhora significativa após 17 dias, com redução da área isquêmica e cicatrização da região ulcerada, mantendo oclusão e vitalidade dentária estáveis. Conclusão: O protocolo adotado demonstrou ser eficaz no controle e regressão da necrose asséptica da maxila, evidenciando a importância de uma abordagem multidisciplinar no manejo de complicações pós-operatórias em cirurgias ortognáticas. Tratamentos locais e sistêmicos foram combinados de maneira assertiva, proporcionando uma recuperação satisfatória, sem sequelas significativas para a paciente.
Estudo tomográfico das variações do ângulo mandibular em diferentes tipos de deformidades faciais no âmbito da harmonização orofacial
Authors: Lima Miqueias , Fontan Cauê , R. Genu Paloma , R. Laureano Filho José , J. H. Vasconcellos Ricardo
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar a variação do ângulo mandibular nas deformidades dentofaciais, através da tomografia computadorizada. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo, onde foram examinadas tomografias computadorizadas pré-operatórias de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia ortognática. A altura vertical do ângulo mandibular, distância bizigomática, distância intergonial e ângulo mandibular foram analisados com o software Dolphin Imaging & Management Solutions. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística por meio de ANOVA com teste post-hoc de Bonferroni. Resultados: Foram incluídos 43 pacientes divididos em quatro grupos, de acordo com a deformidade dentofacial. Os grupos Face Longa e Padrão III obtiveram valores mais próximos, assim como os pacientes Padrão II com os pacientes Face Curta. Os pacientes Face Curta tiveram a menor média padrão dos grupos, enquanto os pacientes Face Longa tiveram as maiores médias. Os pacientes Padrão III e Face Longa obtiveram médias semelhantes em ambos os lados. Pacientes Face Curta apresentaram menor média de altura vertical do ângulo mandibular, enquanto pacientes Face Longa apresentaram médias mais altas. Pacientes Face Longa apresentaram maior proporção facial, quando comparada à diferença entre distâncias bizigomáticas e distâncias intergoniais. Conclusões: Esse estudo possibilitou a compreensão das métricas dos ângulos mandibulares nas deformidades dentofaciais, o que pode auxiliar na avaliação clínica e prevenir resultados indesejáveis.