bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El capital social del ser humano, de la familia y las comunidades como producto conjunto para el desarrollo humano
Authors: Banda Castro Ana Lilia , Flores Varela Ramona , Morales Zamorano Miguel Arturo
Published: April 2024

Este trabajo presenta una revisión del capital social con el objetivo de identificar los vínculos que sostiene con la participación social, los valores y el empoderamiento. Esto con el fin de brindar la argumentación requerida para potenciar el fortalecimiento del capital social y promover, por lo tanto, el desarrollo humano.La prevalencia de cifras estadísticas en relación con la violencia, la inseguridad y algunos componentes del capital social sugieren su merma o fragilidad por lo que se vislumbra la posibilidad de transformar este recurso de la sociedad. Se plantean algunos vínculos entre variables como la reciprocidad, la confianza, la participación social y el empoderamiento que han sido estudiados por diversos autores. Se concluye con la mención de algunos aspectos favorables del desarrollo humano que se ven afectados por el capital social.
Notas sôbre a Ofiologia Neotrópica e Brasílica. VIII. Formas de Dipsadíneos de recente registo
Authors: Amaral Afrânio do
Published: April 2024

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Notas sôbre a Ofiologia Neotrópica e Brasílica. X. Distribuição geográfica e racial de Leimadophis poecilogyrus (Wied)
Authors: Amaral Afrânio do
Published: April 2024

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Contribuição ao conhecimento do gênero Rachicerus Walk., 1854 (Diptera, Rachiceridae Handlirsch, 1908)
Authors: Carrera Messias
Published: April 2024

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Hesperiidae (Lep.) capturados em Porto Cabral durante uma excursão à margem paulista do rio Paraná
Authors: Hayward Kenneth J.
Published: April 2024

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A review of Eurycoleus Chaudoir (Coleoptera, Carabidae)
Authors: Reichardt Hans
Published: April 2024

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Notes on the genus Exeretoneura Macquart, and its removal from the family Nemestrinidae (Diptera, Brachycera)
Authors: Bernardi Nelson
Published: April 2024

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Notes sur les Callichromatini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)
Authors: Demets Yolande
Published: April 2024

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Notes on the ecology and limb proportions of Amazonian Mabuya mabouya (Sauria, Scincidae)
Authors: Vanzolini P. E. , Rebouças-Spieker Regina
Published: April 2024

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Notes sur les Callichromatini (Col. Cerambycidae). II. Diotecnon iris (Taschenberg, 1870)
Authors: Demets Yolande
Published: April 2024

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Levantamento de Calanoida e Cyclopoida (Copepoda, Crustacea) das águas da região do Guamá, Capim e Tocantins, com nota sôbre a fauna acompanhante
Authors: Cipólli M. N. , Carvalho M. A. Juliano de
Published: April 2024

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Speciation and geographical patterns in Pyrophorus Bilberg, 1820 (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Pyrophorini)
Authors: Costa Cleide
Published: April 2024

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Two new species of snail-killing flies from west-central Brazil (Diptera, Sciomyzidae)
Authors: Knutson Lloyd , Bredt Angelika
Published: April 2024

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Sobre o uso da largura da cabeça em substitutição à espessura corporal como um critério sistemático nos Scolecophidia (Serpentes)
Authors: Schmidt Otto
Published: April 2024

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Opera opiliologica varia. XIV. (Opiliones, Phalangodidae)
Authors: Soares Helia E. M.
Published: April 2024

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On the ontogeny and taxonomy of brazilian Uloma (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Fontes Luiz Roberto
Published: April 2024

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Studies on spirostreptoid millipeds. XVII. A third contribution to the knowledge of the genus Urostreptus Silvestri, 1897
Authors: Hoffman Richard L.
Published: April 2024

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A medicina na Guerra do Paraguai (IV): Mato-Grosso
Authors: Souza Luiz de Castro
Published: April 2024

IX ASSALTO E RETOMADA DE CORUMBÁ. O presidente Dr. J. V. Couto de Magalhães, que havia assumido o govêrno da província de Mato Grosso, em 2 de fevereiro de 1867, organiza um batalhão provisório de infantaria, apronta o 19, 59 e 6. da Guarda Nacional e forma uma esquadrilha de pequenos vapores.
Estudos sobre cidades: uma "coleção de exemplos"
Authors: Camargo Ana Maria de Almeida
Published: April 2024

Em livro publicado sob a direção de Oscar Handlin e John Burchard, que inclui trabalhos de vários autores sob o título O Historiador e a Cidade (1), aparece um artigo de grande interêsse para os es-tudiosos da história urbana.
Resenha de: Buddhism
Authors: Nardy Carlos Alberto
Published: April 2024

CONZE (E.). — Bveldhism. Its Esserce and Development. Bruno Cassirer. Oxford University Press. London. 1967. 220 pp.
Resenha de: L'pigrafia ebraica antica 1935-1950
Authors: Mehlmann João
Published: April 2024

MOSCATI (S.). — L'pigrafia ebraica antica 1935-1950 (Biblica et Orientalia 15), Pontificio Istituto Biblico, Roma, 1951. XIX + 123 págs. 34 pranchas. L. it. 4500; $7.50.
Resenha de: Testamenta XII Patriarcharum
Authors: Mehlmann João
Published: April 2024

JONGE (M. de). — Testamenta XII Patriarcharum. Edited According to Cambridge University Library MSS Ff. 1. 24, fol. 203a-262b with Short Notes (Pseudepigrapha Veteris Testamenti Graece. Volumen Primum), E. J. Brill, Leiden, 1964, XVIII + 86 págs.
Resenha de: Social Science Seminar Series
Authors: Matos Odilon Nogueira de
Published: April 2024

COMMAGER (Henry Steele), PELTO (Pertti J.), ROSE (Caroline B.), MAR-TIN (Richard S.), MILLER (Reuben), SORAUF (Francis J.) e BROEK (Jan) . Com notas de MUESSIG (Raymond) e ROGERS (Vicente R.) . — Social Science Seminar Series. Charles E. Merril Books Inc., de Co-lumbus, Ohio. Tradução brasileira sob o título Iniciação aos Estudos So-ciais. Zahar Editôres. Rio de Janeiro. 6 volumes.
Resenha de: Spinello Benci, primeiro bispo de Montepulciano: um bispo nos tempos imediatos ao Concílio de Trento
Authors: Matos Odilon Nogueira de
Published: April 2024

LOPES (Alfeu Domingues) . — Spinello Benci, primeiro bispo de Montepulciano: um bispo nos tempos imediatos ao Concílio de Trento. São Paulo. 1969. 86 pp.
Resenha de: Nova História e Novo Mundo
Authors: Iglesias Francisco
Published: April 2024

MAURO (Frédéric). — Nova História e Nôvo Mundo. Editôra Perspectiva, São Paulo, 1969, 286 págs.
Resenha de: A Guerra do Paraguai
Authors: Matos Odilon Nogueira de
Published: April 2024

THOMPSON (George) . — A Guerra do Paraguai, com um esbôço histórico do país e do povo paraguaio e notas sôbre a engenharia militar durante a guerra (The War in Paraguay). Tradução e notas de Homero de Castro Jardim. Editôra Conquista. Rio de Janeiro. 1968. 278 págs. (Coleção "Temas Brasileiros", n9 8) .
Resenha de: 1935: A revolta vermelha
Authors: Matos Odilon Nogueira de
Published: April 2024

SILVA (Hélio) . — 1935: a revolta vermelha. Editôra Civilização Brasileira. Rio de Janeiro. 1969. 476 pp.
Resenha de: A forma dos Evangelhos e a problemática dos sinóticos
Authors: Matos Odilon Nogueira de
Published: April 2024

BITTENCOURT (B. P.). — A forma dos Evangelhos e a problemática dos sinóticos . Imprensa Metodista. São Paulo. 1969. 172 págs.
Resenha de: Estudos tupinológicos
Authors: Matos Odilon Nogueira de
Published: April 2024

AYROSA (Plínio Marques da Silva) . — Estudos tupinológicos. Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros. São Paulo. 1967. 112 pp.
Mortality, Hospitalization, and Cardiac Interventions in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Aged <65 Years
Authors: Bhonsale Aditya , Zhu Jianhui , Thoma Floyd , Koscumb Steve , Kancharla Krishna , Voigt Andrew , Magnani Jared , Estes N.A. , Saba Samir , Marroquin Oscar , Mulukutla Suresh , Jain Sandeep
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

The risk factor (RF) burden, clinical course, and long-term outcome among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) aged <65 years is unclear.

METHODS:

Adult (n=67 221; mean age, 72.4±12.3 years; and 45% women) patients with AF evaluated at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center between January 2010 and December 2019 were studied. Hospital system–wide electronic health records and administrative data were utilized to ascertain RFs, comorbidities, and subsequent hospitalization and cardiac interventions. The association of AF with all-cause mortality among those aged <65 years was analyzed using an internal contemporary cohort of patients without AF (n=918 073).

RESULTS:

Nearly one-quarter (n=17 335) of the cohort was aged <65 years (32% women) with considerable cardiovascular RFs (current smoker, 16%; mean body mass index, 33.0±8.3; hypertension, 55%; diabetes, 21%; heart failure, 20%; coronary artery disease, 19%; and prior ischemic stroke, 6%) and comorbidity burden (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 11%; obstructive sleep apnea, 18%; and chronic kidney disease, 1.3%). Over mean follow-up of >5 years, 2084 (6.7%, <50 years; 13%, 50–65 years) patients died. The proportion of patients with >1 hospitalization for myocardial infarction, heart failure, and stroke was 1.3%, 4.8%, and 1.1% for those aged <50 years and 2.2%, 7.4%, and 1.1% for the 50- to 65-year subgroup, respectively. Multiple cardiac and noncardiac RFs were associated with increased mortality in younger patients with AF with heart failure and hypertension demonstrating significant age-related interaction (
P
=0.007 and
P
=0.013, respectively). Patients with AF aged <65 years experienced significantly worse survival compared with comorbidity-adjusted patients without AF (men aged <50 years and hazard ratio, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.24–1.79]; 50–65 years and hazard ratio, 1.3 [95% CI, 1.26–1.43]; women aged <50 years and hazard ratio, 2.4 [95% CI, 1.82–3.16]; 50–65 years and hazard ratio, 1.7 [95% CI, 1.6–1.92]).

CONCLUSIONS:

Patients with AF aged <65 years have significant comorbidity burden and considerable long-term mortality. They are also at a significantly increased risk of hospitalization for heart failure, stroke, and myocardial infarction. These patients warrant an aggressive focus on RF and comorbidity evaluation and management.
On Collaboration
Authors: Chamberlain Colby
Published: April 2024

“On Collaboration” attempts to situate the withdrawal of support from the magazine Artforum (precipitated by the firing of its editor-in-chief David Velasco in October 2023) within a longer history of institutional antagonism. It compares strategies of opposition available to the avant-garde and counterculture in the 1960s (as exemplified by Fluxus's George Maciunas and the novelist Thomas Pynchon) with those that emerged in the 1970s, with particular attention paid to the machinery that sustained the appearance of the art world and, more broadly, the public sphere. Citing Vito Acconci's contributions to the exhibition ROOMS P.S. 1 (1976), it argues that much of what has been historically recognized as strategies of institutional opposition from the 1970s onward, including institutional critique and the alternative space movement, might be better understood within a framework of “institutional collaboration.”
Introduction of a novel freshwater species Setoseptoria guangxiensis sp. nov., with Setoseptoria baiyunensis nom. nov., in Lentitheciaceae, Pleosporales
Authors: SHU YONGXIN , SENANAYAKE INDUNIL C. , BOONMEE SARANYAPHAT , DOILOM MINGKWAN , DONG ZHANGYONG , DONG WEI
Published: April 2024

The investigation of freshwater fungal diversity in Guangxi Province, China, reveals an interesting ascomycetous species. The morphological and phylogenetic analyses incorporating combined LSU, SSU, ITS and tef1-α sequence data have identified it as a novel species within Setoseptoria, namely S. guangxiensis. Setoseptoria guangxiensis is distinct within the genus by its uni-loculate ascomata, which have a prominent papilla and lack a clypeus-like structure, as well as 1-septate ascospores that are surrounded by a defined gelatinous sheath. In addition, Setoseptoria baiyunensis nom. nov. is proposed for a collection MHZU 22-0133 as the previous name “Setoseptoria bambusae” is invalidly published. A key to the sexual morph of species within Setoseptoria is provided.
Three new species of Puto giant mealybugs (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from Mexico and Guatemala, with keys to New World adult females and World adult males
Authors: POWELL ERIN C. , MILLER DOUGLASS R.
Published: April 2024

Three new species of Puto Signoret, 1876 are described and illustrated from material intercepted at US plant quarantine inspection, including the adult females, all available immature stages, and for two species, the adult male. Puto philo Powell & Miller, sp. n. and Puto brom Powell & Miller, sp. n. are described from Mexico, and Puto spath Powell & Miller, sp. n. is described from Guatemala. Three keys are included to: the instars of Puto, the New World species of Puto based on adult females, and a world key to the adult males of Puto.
12. Transcending the Border
Authors: Polić Ivana
Published: April 2024

By analysing adult-generated childhood memories assembled in the online memory archive of the Reconnect/Recollect project, this chapter looks at the multidimensional function of objects in childhood memories that challenge binary Cold War, border-centred frameworks traditionally represented in scholarship of the time period. More specifically, it examines the role of objects in both trying to imagine or envision those on the ‘other side’ of the adult-imposed borders as well as ideas of ‘self’ as pertinent to this process. The rich spectrum of shared experiences points to the critical importance of childhood memory in decolonising the studies of lived and imagined childhoods in the second half of the past century and thus transgresses these borders to provide a platform for future research on childhood history and memory.
Rua Liga Dos Comunistas
Authors: Cossa José
Published: April 2024

This is a childhood memory produced as part of the Reconnect/Recollect project discussed in the introduction to this book.
Breakfast Across Borders
Authors: Weiss Santos Stefanie
Published: April 2024

This is a childhood memory produced as part of the Reconnect/Recollect project discussed in the introduction to this book.
Smuggling Jewelry
Authors: Kleyn Tatyana
Published: April 2024

This is a childhood memory produced as part of the Reconnect/Recollect project discussed in the introduction to this book.
Searching for Childhood Gummi Bears
Authors: Bernhard Nadine
Published: April 2024

This is a childhood memory produced as part of the Reconnect/Recollect project discussed in the introduction to this book.
Blackberry Picking
Authors: Rahimov Rahim
Published: April 2024

This is a childhood memory produced as part of the Reconnect/Recollect project discussed in the introduction to this book.
Evaluation of Postoperative Outcomes After Enterostomy Closure in Low Body Weight Infants: A Multi-Center Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Lee William G. , O’Guinn MaKayla L. , Keane Olivia A. , Krishna Vikram , Mack Shale J. , Soliman Antoine , Anselmo Dean M. , Nguyen Nam X. , Gayer Christopher P. , Kim Eugene S. , Shue Eveline H.
Published: April 2024

Background

The minimum weight for enterostomy closure (EC) in infants remains debated with the current acceptable cut-off of >2 kg. As enterostomy-related complications or high enterostomy output (>30cc/kg/d) may prohibit a premature infant from reaching 2 kg, additional data is needed to evaluate the safety of EC in infants <2 kg. The objective of this study was to evaluate postoperative outcomes in low body weight (<2 kg) infants undergoing EC compared to larger infants.

Methods

We performed a multi-center retrospective analysis from 1/1/2012-12/31/2022 of all infants (age <1 year) who were <4 kg at time of EC. Primary outcomes included postoperative complications and 30-day mortality. Non-parametric analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance and chi-square tests. Univariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with postoperative complications.

Results

Of 92 infants, 15 infants (16.3%) underwent EC at <2 kg, 16 (17.4%) at 2-2.49 kg, 31 (33.7%) at 2.5-2.99 kg, and 30 (32.6%) at ≥3 kg. Infants <2 kg at time of EC exhibited higher rates of hyperbilirubinemia ( P = .030), neurologic comorbidities ( P = .030), and high enterostomy output ( P = .041). There was no difference in postoperative complications ( P = .460) or 30-day mortality ( P = .460) between the <2 kg group and larger weight groups. Low body weight was not associated with an increased risk for developing a postoperative complication (OR: 1.001, 95% CI: 1.001-1.001; P = .032).

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that EC in infants <2 kg may be safe with comparable postoperative outcomes to larger weight infants. Thus, the timing of EC should be based on the infant’s physiologic status, in contrast to a predetermined minimum weight cut-off.
Race, Insurance, and Socioeconomic Influences on Outcomes Following Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass
Authors: Akinyemi Oluwasegun A. , Weldeslase Terhas A. , Andine Tsion F. , Fasokun Mojisola , Griffiths Yasmine , Odusanya Eunice , Williams Mallory , Hughes Kakra , Cornwell Edward , Fullum Terrence
Published: April 2024

The effectiveness of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) might be shadowed by disparities in outcomes related to patient race and insurance type. We determine the influence of patient race/ethnicity and insurance types on complications following RYGB. We performed a retrospective analysis using data sourced from the National Inpatient Sample Database (2010 to 2019). A multivariate analysis was employed to determine the relationship between patient race/ethnicity and insurance type on RYGB complications. The analysis determined the interaction between race/ethnicity and insurance type on RYGB outcomes. We analyzed 277714 patients who underwent RYGB. Most of these patients were White (64.5%) and female (77.3%), with a median age of 46 years (IQR 36-55). Medicaid beneficiaries displayed less favorable outcomes than those under private insurance: Extended hospital stay (OR = 1.68; 95% CI 1.58-1.78), GIT Leak (OR = 1.83; 95% CI 1.35-2.47), postoperative wound infection (OR = 1.88; 95% CI 1.38-2.55), and in-hospital mortality (OR = 2.74; 95% CI 1.90-3.95).
Fin failure tolerant control of agile air vehicle using feedback linearization
Authors: Ashrafifar Asghar , Fathi Jegarkandi Mohsen
Published: April 2024

The probability of actuator lock, control surface damage, and thermal insulation failure on supersonic aircraft due to high speed and temperature is significant. Additionally, foldable fins are often used in missiles to increase the number of missiles that can be loaded onto a launcher and facilitate transportation, but this design presents the potential for malfunction and failure to open during flight. This study focuses on scenarios where control surfaces do not open or are partially damaged, leading to asymmetries and changes in the vehicle’s dynamics and aerodynamic model. The aim is to detect such failures and design a control system that can withstand these issues. To achieve this, the paper proposes an equivalent aerodynamic model representing the vehicle’s dynamics. The health of each fin is monitored using a nonlinear filter to estimate a parameter. Using separation theory, the dynamic system is divided into fast and slow subsystems, and a control signal for the faulty dynamics is designed based on back-stepping theory principles. Furthermore, the control allocation method is modified to accommodate the condition of the fins and generate the desired control moment. The proposed technique can quickly detect and isolate fin failures within seconds, while the designed controller effectively compensates for these failures.
A comprehensive experimental study on the effects of hexagonal boron nitride particle size and loading ratio on thermal and mechanical performance in epoxy composites
Authors: Ozyigit Samet , Mehdipour Mostafa , Al-Nadhari Abdulrahman , Tabrizi Arvin T , Dogan Semih , Dericiler Kuray , Beylergil Bertan , Yildiz Mehmet , Okan Burcu S
Published: April 2024

Harnessing the potential of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) in epoxy composites for tailoring thermal conductivity is a promising avenue in materials science. However, achieving balanced enhancements in both in-plane and through-plane directions remains a challenge that requires innovative solutions. The primary objective of this research is to evaluate how thermal and mechanical characteristics of an epoxy matrix are affected by the size and amount of h-BN particles. To achieve this goal, h-BN particles with varying sizes (micro and nano) are incorporated into the epoxy matrix at different weight ratios spanning from 0.5 wt % to 20 wt % using a pre-dispersion technique. The epoxy composites reinforced with h-BN through a molding process exhibits enhanced mechanical and thermal performance in contrast to the pristine epoxy material. During the flexural test, acoustic emission data is collected to identify the initiation and progression of damage within the specimens under testing conditions. The most notable enhancement in thermal conductivity is observed when incorporating 20 wt% of micron-sized h-BN particles. This leads to a remarkable 107% increase in the in-plane direction and an impressive 112% increase in the through-plane direction. These results can be attributed to the formation of a three-dimensional thermally conductive network by the larger h-BN particles, which extends the path of phonon scattering. Furthermore, there are significant improvements in both flexural modulus and tensile modulus. Epoxy composites containing 10 wt% of micron-sized h-BN experiences an approximate 42% increase, while those with 20 wt% of the same particles displays a substantial 47% rise in these properties. This study effectively addresses the challenges associated with tailoring the thermal properties of epoxy composites, opening up new opportunities for applications in various industries, including electronics, aerospace and thermal management systems.
No Comments (from You): Understanding the Interpersonal and Professional Consequences of Disabling Social Media Comments
Authors: Daniels Michelle E. , Wu Freeman
Published: April 2024

Presumably to reduce cyberbullying and promote mental health, online influencers often limit viewers’ ability to post social media comments. In this research, the authors find that influencers incur significant interpersonal and professional repercussions for doing so. Across seven studies, including a Twitter dataset and six experiments utilizing both consequential and hypothetical dependent measures, the authors find that consumers form more negative impressions of and are less persuaded by influencers who disable social media comments. These outcomes are driven by the perception that the influencer is less receptive to consumer voice (e.g., consumers’ thoughts, opinions, and suggestions) and, thus, less sincere. However, the authors find that this effect is mitigated in situations where consumers believe that it is reasonable for influencers to prioritize self-protection.
Effect of chewing gum in reducing postoperative ileus after gastroduodenal perforation peritonitis surgery: A prospective randomised controlled trial
Authors: Muwel Sanjay , Suryavanshi Seema , Damde Hari Krishna , Mishra Arpan , Yadav Sanjay Kumar , Sharma Dhananjaya
Published: April 2024

Chewing gum reduces the duration of postoperative ileus and early recovery of bowel function following elective abdominal surgery. However, its role has not been studied in cases of gastroduodenal perforation peritonitis, prompting us to conduct this study. Patients were randomised into two groups, 39 patients received chewing gum (study group) and 43 patients were in the control group. Sensation of hunger, appearance of first bowel sound, and passages of flatus and faeces were significantly early in the study group; their hospital stay was also shorter. Chewing gum reduces the duration of postoperative ileus in cases of gastroduodenal perforation peritonitis.

Registration number: IEC/2020-23/3359 dated 13 December 2020, Institutional Ethics Committee, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical College, Jabalpur, India.
Provision of educational psychological services under a high inflationary environment in Masvingo Province, Zimbabwe
Authors: Nkoma Elliott , Kufakunesu Moses
Published: April 2024

The study employed a qualitative research approach using a phenomenological research design since the lived experiences of educational psychologists in Masvingo Province were scrutinized with the intention of establishing the extent to which educational psychologists matched the laid down specifications pertaining to their professional operations during a high inflationary environment. Three males and two females were purposely selected and in-depth interviews were utilized. Four themes emerged from the study: (a) vital roles, successful, and unsuccessful experiences, (b) diverse views on major policy documents, (c) barriers in rendering support services, and (d) perceived solutions. Results indicated that policy documents are outdated and need revision. Human and material resources were viewed a barriers to performance and perceived solutions included multidisciplinary team work, decentralization and increasing the number of psychologists, training of psychologists and reduced continuous professional development points. Educational psychologists focused more on diagnostic and behavioral consultations in urban schools. They distributed schools in urban areas depending on psychologists’ place of residences. Rural schools were minimally assessed with little provision of intervention, prevention, and health promotion services. The results provide important implications for resource provision and policy formulation.
CIBSE TM54 energy projections III: A case study using dynamic simulation with detailed system modelling
Authors: Jain Nishesh , Burman Esfand , Mumovic Dejan
Published: April 2024

CIBSE TM54 was recently revised and covers best practice methods to evaluate the operational energy use of buildings. TM54 is a guidance document on performance evaluation at every stage of the design and construction process, and during the occupied stage, to ensure that long-term operational performance is in line with the design intent. The main performance evaluation principles in TM54 are a step-by-step modelling approach and scenario testing, to improve the robustness of the design proposal calculations. The latest version brings an updated perspective to the modelling approaches, including dynamic simulation with Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems. It also incorporates more detailed guidance around risks, target setting, scenario testing and sensitivity analysis. A case study approach is used to explore some of the important aspects described in TM54. TM54 recommends three modelling approaches (aka implementation routes) that a project can follow depending on its scale and complexity: using quasi-steady state tools; using dynamic simulation with a template HVAC system; and using dynamic simulation with detailed HVAC system modelling. As part of a series of three, this case study provides an application of the third implementation route: dynamic simulation using detailed HVAC modelling.
Effect of surface roughness and eutectic segregation on anodising of Al-Si-Cu alloys
Authors: Scampone Giulia , Timelli Giulio
Published: April 2024

To study the influence of the surface roughness and eutectic silicon segregation on the anodising of diecast Al-Si-Cu alloys, an AlSi11Cu2(Fe) alloy was high-pressure diecast and hard anodised. The microstructure and surface topography of milled and grit-blasted regions were investigated to analyse their effect on the growth of the anodic layer. The surface mechanical properties of the anodised surfaces were also studied. The results showed how high surface roughness and silicon segregation present in the grit-blasted surface hindered the thickening of the oxide layer. After anodising, the milled surface exhibited better mechanical properties than the grit-blasted one. The wear resistance was enhanced by a thicker anodic layer, while the scratch resistance was positively affected by a lower surface roughness.
The role of apparent diffusion coefficient in the grading of adult isocitrate dehydrogenase-mutant astrocytomas: relationship with the Ki-67 proliferation index
Authors: She Yingxia , Liu Xianwang , Jiang Jian , Wang Xuwen , Niu Qian , Zhou Junlin
Published: April 2024

Background

The grading of adult isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant astrocytomas is a crucial prognostic factor.

Purpose

To investigate the value of conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in the grading of adult IDH-mutant astrocytomas, and to analyze the correlation between ADC and the Ki-67 proliferation index.

Material and Methods

The clinical and MRI data of 82 patients with adult IDH-mutant astrocytoma who underwent surgical resection and molecular genetic testing with IDH and 1p/19q were retrospectively analyzed. The conventional MRI features, ADCmin, ADCmean, and nADC of the tumors were compared using the Kruskal–Wallis single factor ANOVA and chi-square tests. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to evaluate conventional MRI and ADC accuracy in differentiating tumor grades. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to determine the correlation between ADC and the Ki-67 proliferation index.

Results

The difference in enhancement, ADCmin, ADCmean, and nADC among WHO grade 2, 3, and 4 tumors was statistically significant (all P <0.05). ADCmin showed the preferable diagnostic accuracy for grading WHO grade 2 and 3 tumors (AUC=0.724, sensitivity=63.4%, specificity=80%, positive predictive value (PPV)=62.0%; negative predictive value (NPV)=82.5%), and distinguishing grade 3 from grade 4 tumors (AUC=0.764, sensitivity=70%, specificity=76.2%, PPV=75.0%, NPV=71.4%). Enhancement + ADC model showed an optimal predictive accuracy (grade 2 vs. 3: AUC = 0.759; grade 3 vs. 4: AUC = 0.799). The Ki-67 proliferation index was negatively correlated with ADCmin, ADCmean, and nADC (all P <0.05), and positively correlated with tumor grade.

Conclusion

Conventional MRI features and ADC are valuable to predict pathological grading of adult IDH-mutant astrocytomas.
Pyogenic liver abscesses in peritoneal dialysis patients: A single-centre retrospective case series
Authors: Lim Regina Shaoying , See Yong Pey
Published: April 2024

Peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related infection rates have improved, but serious complications such as liver abscesses remain an issue, posing unique management challenges including safety of continuing PD versus early PD catheter removal. Current literature describing this is unfortunately limited. This study aims to describe the characteristics, management and outcomes of liver abscesses in PD patients from a retrospective review of prevalent PD patients on follow-up at Tan Tock Seng Hospital between 1st January 2016 and 30th June 2021. A total of 11/383 PD patients (2.9%) were treated for liver abscesses. Most were diabetic ( n =10, 90.9%), with a median PD vintage of 541 days (interquartile range: 310–931 days). Fever ( n = 7, 63.6%), bacteraemia ( n = 7, 63.6%) and concomitant PD peritonitis ( n = 7, 63.6%) were the most common presenting symptoms. Majority of patients underwent radiological aspiration of abscess in addition to antibiotics ( n = 7, 63.6%). PD catheter was removed in eight patients (72.7%), with the most common indications being empirical removal due to intra-abdominal abscess ( n = 5, 62.5%) followed by septic shock ( n = 2, 25%) and refractory PD peritonitis ( n = 1, 12.5%). Only three patients (37.5%) remained on PD, as they did not develop PD peritonitis during their course of treatment. The overall mortality remains high with three patients (27.3%) passing away within 6 months of presentation. Liver abscesses in PD patients is associated with poor technique and overall survival. Absence of PD peritonitis appears to be a good prognostic factor, but larger studies are required to guide the optimal management of liver abscesses in PD patients.
Reconstructing Burawoy: Theorizing Migrant Labor, the Politics of Precarity, and Postcolonial/Racial Transformations
Authors: Paret Marcel
Published: April 2024

Michael Burawoy’s writings lay a foundation for critical sociologies of immigration, social movements, race, and postcolonial society. To realize these promises, however, it will be necessary to reconstruct Burawoy, as he has done with the theories of so many others. In this piece, I trace my own engagements with Burawoy in three areas: migrant labor, the politics of economic precarity, and postcolonial and racial transformations. For each area, I show how Burawoy laid a foundation for subsequent analysis, which I sought to take forward in my own work. These reconstructions reveal just how valuable Burawoy’s theories are to the advancement of critical sociology.
Impact of American Diabetes Association 2022 Guidelines on Prescribing Rates of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Ambulatory Care Organization Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Bogannam Alexis R. , McNicol Ewan , DeLeonardo Kevin , Ranade Ashwini , Zaiken Kathy
Published: April 2024

Background: Recent clinical trials and guideline updates have highlighted the efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) use in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and comorbidities including atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), or heart failure (HF). Objective: This study assesses the rates of guideline-based prescribing of SGLT2i in patients with T2D and one or more of the following comorbidities: ASCVD, CKD, or HF, prior to and after the 2022 American Diabetes Association (ADA) guideline publication within the Atrius Health clinical pharmacy, internal medicine, and specialty medicine departments. Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of data from the electronic medical record. Patients with the aforementioned criteria were included if they were managed by either the clinical pharmacy department, internal medicine, or specialty medicine departments. Patients were excluded if they did not have any of the comorbidities listed or a form of diabetes other than T2D. Results: Of the 10,631 patients enrolled, 354 (3.3%) were initiated on an SGLT2i during the study. The average number of SGLT2i initiations prior to the 2022 ADA guideline publication was five prescription starts per week. After the guideline publication initiation increased to seven prescription starts per week. Secondary outcomes showed the majority of SGLT2i prescriptions were started in the internal medicine department, followed by cardiology and nephrology. Conclusion: Overall utilization rates of SGLT2i are low but increased after the 2022 ADA guidelines were published. These results suggest opportunities to optimize the use of SGLT2i in this patient population.
Study on automated guided vehicle navigation method with external computer vision
Authors: Yingbo Zhao , Shichao Xiu , Yuan Hong , Xinyu Bu
Published: April 2024

Automated guided vehicle (AGV) navigation is extensively used in industrial manufacturing. Existing AGV navigation methods have high accuracy but usually require expensive positioning sensors. This paper proposes a novel method for AGV navigation based on external computer vision (NECV). No matter how many AGVs are in the workshop, the proposed NECV method uses only an external camera mounted on the top of the roof to detect and track AGVs, and all the AGVs don’t need to be equipped with any positioning sensors. Because there is no need to equip positioning sensors on AGVs, and also don’t need to arrange positioning signs, NECV significantly reduces the positioning cost of navigation. YOLOv8 was selected as the detector for NECV, and the training was completed using a prepared dataset. We improved the structure of the StrongSORT algorithm and used it as the tracker. The improved StrongSORT algorithm is the core of NECV. The imaging coordinates of the AGVs are detected by the detector, transformed into global coordinates through inverse perspective mapping, and passed to the master console. Experimental results indicated that the NECV detection deviation q of the AGV and the experimental accuracy metrics of the NECV after compensating q were considerably improved, close to those of the popular Quick Response (QR) code navigation method. Statistically, NECV can reduce the cost of AGV positioning detection by 90%.
Development and performance assessment of different squeal index metrics based on experimental data
Authors: Yavuz Akif , Sen Osman Taha
Published: April 2024

As an NVH problem observed in automotive brake systems, the significance of brake squeal phenomenon still persists; and the estimation of squeal propensity is a crucial operation. Thus, developing different means to define squeal propensity is an important task. As being one metric, squeal index is widely used for this purpose; and there already exists several different squeal index formulations in the available literature. The main objective of this study is to develop new squeal index formulations and assess their performances. Though, unlike the existing formulations, not only the measured data but also the operating and design parameters of the system of interest are also incorporated in the proposed formulations. The experimental data used for squeal index formulations are obtained on a mass-sliding belt experiment, where squeal-like behavior can successfully be observed. Experiments are conducted at different operating and design parameter conditions. First, cases with presence and absence of squeal-like behavior are observed on the measured data in time and frequency domains. Then, eight different squeal index formulations are developed, where different set of parameters are utilized in each formulation. Some of these parameters are extracted from the measured data (time and frequency domains), and the rest are adopted from the key operating and design parameters. Finally, the performances of proposed squeal indexes are assessed through their relative amplitude variations. In conclusion, the second squeal index formulation is found to have superior performance for distinguishing the effects of operating and design parameters on the occurrence of squeal-like behavior. Furthermore, the sixth squeal index formulation is found to have the best performance for differentiating the effect of spring stiffness on the initiation of squeal-like behavior.
Why the algorithmic recruiter discriminates: The causal challenges of data-driven discrimination
Authors: Carter Christine
Published: April 2024

Automated decision-making systems are commonly used by human resources to automate recruitment decisions. Most automated decision-making systems utilize machine learning to screen, assess, and give recommendations on candidates. Algorithmic bias and prejudice are common side-effects of these technologies that result in data-driven discrimination. However, proof of this is often unavailable due to the statistical complexities and operational opacities of machine learning, which interferes with the abilities of complainants to meet the requisite causal requirements of the EU equality directives. In direct discrimination, the use of machine learning prevents complainants from demonstrating a prima facie case. In indirect discrimination, the problems mainly manifest once the burden has shifted to the respondent, and causation operates as a quasi-defence by reference to objectively justified factors unrelated to the discrimination. This paper argues that causation must be understood as an informational challenge that can be addressed in three ways. First, through the fundamental rights lens of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights. Second, through data protection measures such as the General Data Protection Regulation. Third, the article also considers the future liabilities that may arise under incoming legislation such as the Artificial Intelligence Act and the Artificial Intelligence Liability Directive proposal.
The Relationship Between Calcaneofibular Ligament Injury and Ankle Osteoarthritis Progression: A Comprehensive Analysis of Stress Distribution and Osteophyte Formation in the Subtalar Joint
Authors: Sakurai Satoru , Nakasa Tomoyuki , Ikuta Yasunari , Kawabata Shingo , Moriwaki Dan , Ishibashi Saori , Silan Asyumaredha Asril , Adachi Nobuo
Published: April 2024

Background:

Ankle osteoarthritis (OA) mainly arises from trauma, particularly lateral ligament injuries. Among lateral ligament injuries, ankles with calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) injuries exhibit increased instability and can be a risk factor ankle OA progression. However, the relationship between CFL injury and OA progression remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to assess the relationship between CFL injuries and ankle OA by investigating stress changes and osteophyte formation in subtalar joint.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and plain radiographic evaluations of 100 ankles of 91 patients presenting with chronic ankle instability (CAI), ankle OA, or other ankle conditions. The association between CFL injuries on the oblique view of MRI and the severity of ankle OA (based on Takakura-Tanaka classification) was statistically evaluated. Additionally, 71 ankles were further subjected to CT evaluation to determine the association between the CFL injuries and the Hounsfield unit (HU) ratios of the subtalar joint and medial gutter, and the correlation between the subtalar HU ratios and osteophyte severity were statistically evaluated.

Results:

CFL injury was observed in 35.9% (14/39) of patients with stage 0, 42.9% (9/21) with stage 1, 50.0% (10/20) with stage 2, 100% (9/9) with stage 3a, and 90.9% (10/11) with stage 3b. CFL-injured ankles exhibited higher HU ratios in the medial gutter and lower ratios in the medial posterior subtalar joint compared to uninjured ankles. A negative correlation was observed between medial osteophyte severity and the medial subtalar joint HU ratio.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that CFL injuries are common in severe ankle OA impairing the compensatory function of the subtalar joint through abnormal stress distribution and osteophyte formation.
Women's Lives and Voices in Conflict Situations Matter: A Study of Farmer–Herder Conflict in Agogo Traditional Area, Ghana
Authors: Appiah-Boateng Sabina
Published: April 2024

This study examines Agogo Traditional Area (ATA) women's well-being during farmer–herder conflicts. It emphasizes women's voices, and survival mechanisms in conflict resolution. A gendered dimension to the farmer–herder conflict in the ATA is essential to a more lasting resolution in the afflicted area. Qualitative data from semistructured interviews and Focus Group Discussions with ATA women shows how the conflict affected them. Themes were created to clarify and frame the discussions. The themes included safety and security, destruction of crops, death and forced migration, and impact on infrastructure. Civil society organizations addressing violence should offer psychosocial help to women victims in conflict areas in Ghana.
Determination of the reference interval for urine kidney injury molecule-1 in 50 healthy cats
Authors: Brown Tori , Defarges Alice , Monteith Gabrielle , Appleby Ryan , Bienzle Dorothee
Published: April 2024

Objectives

The aim of the present study was to establish a reference interval (RI) for urine kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in healthy cats.

Methods

History, physical examination, blood pressure, and feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus serology status were determined. A complete blood cell count, serum biochemical profile, urinalysis and kidney ultrasound were performed, and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, total thyroxine (TT4) and urine KIM-1 were measured. An RI was calculated and the effect of age, sex, body condition score (BCS), blood pressure, symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), serum creatinine concentration (SCr), phosphorus, TT4, urine specific gravity (USG) and mid-sagittal kidney length on urine KIM-1 was evaluated using a general linear model.

Results

Of 69 recruited cats, 50 met the inclusion criteria. There were 35 male cats and 15 female cats, with a median age of 4.3 years (range 1.0–12.3), median weight of 5.11 kg (range 2.52–8.45) and median BCS of 6/9 (range 3–8). The median serum concentrations were SDMA 11.0 µg/dl (range 2–14), SCr 88.5 µmol/l (range 47–136), phosphorus 1.41 mmol/l (range 0.8–2.2) and TT4 32.0 nmol/l (range 17–51). Median USG was 1.057 (range 1.035–1.076), mid-sagittal left kidney length was 3.50 cm (range 2.94–4.45) and mid-sagittal right kidney length was 3.70 cm (range 3.06–4.55). The derived RI for urine KIM-1 was 0.02–0.68. USG was a significant ( P <0.001) predictor of urine KIM-1. Individually, age, sex, blood pressure, BCS, SDMA, SCr, phosphorus, TT4 and mid-sagittal kidney length were not significant predictors of urine KIM-1. In a multivariate model, if combined with USG, SDMA concentration was predictive ( P = 0.030) of urine KIM-1.

Conclusions and relevance

Urine concentration was significantly correlated with urine KIM-1, which will be an important consideration when interpreting findings in cats with potential kidney injury.
All the better for it: Exploring one teacher-researcher's evolving efforts to promote meaningful physical education
Authors: Howley Donal , Dyson Ben , Baek Seunghyun
Published: April 2024

Drawing on social constructivist learning theory and a conceptual framework for meaningful physical education (MPE), the purpose of this self-study was to present and explore how one teacher-researcher (TR) evolved their approach to implementing pedagogy promoting MPE in an alternative secondary/high school education setting. Utilizing self-study, data were collected before, during, and after twenty 75-minute lessons over 15 weeks. One critical friend interview, 20 post-teaching reflections, 18 observations, and 22 journal entries were conducted. A deductive and inductive approach utilizing the Miles, Huberman and Saldana Framework for Qualitative Data Analysis (2014) was implemented, with thematic analysis then applied. The following themes were constructed: bringing the fun; steering between sparkling and sensitive social interactions; co-creating and reconsidering challenge; monitoring movements toward motor competence; and pursuing personal relevance in physical activity. Findings demonstrate the TR's explicit and intentional efforts to better implement the concept of MPE within their planning and pedagogy to develop a better understanding of what this looked like in practice and the role each feature played in teaching and learning. Utilizing and promoting democratic and reflective practices led the TR to consider and apply these features more frequently and readily to better teach knowledge, attitudes, and skills to their students through the conceptual lens of MPE. The experiences presented and discussed demonstrate the benefit of doing so not just for the TR's evolving approach to teaching and learning in physical education, but indeed for the learning of their students, researchers, and other practitioners too.
Improving hydrodynamic performance of surface piercing propeller through trailing-edge optimization
Authors: Zarezadeh Masoud , Nouri Nowrouz Mohammad , Madoliat Reza
Published: April 2024

Automated optimization is increasingly used in engineering applications. In this study, RANS-based CFD, the NSGA II algorithm, and Kriging were used to optimize a section of a marine surface piercing Propeller (SPP) set. The hydrodynamic performance of the SPP is also determined using the CFD tool. The optimization process involves the NSGA II algorithm in combination with the Kriging method. The optimized geometry is simulated using the CFD tool. Then, the obtained results are added to the initial population and the optimization is repeated in the next iteration. Thus, fewer simulations were required because the addition of the data with the surrogate method was accompanied by a good distribution, using surface methods for the replacement of the main part in the required calculations. As shown, the trailing edge optimization can improve Kt in J = 1 by almost 10.5%, and Kq changes by almost 12%, so this method can be used as an optimization package for similar problems.