bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La tradición como mecanismo de inclusión y exclusión social
Authors: Ponce Alonso Eduardo
Published: February 2021

En el presente documento se expone una manera de acercamiento a los fenómenos de inclusión y exclusión desde el punto de vista de la tradición. El artículo muestra la manera como se ha entendido la tradición y propone un acercamiento como “tecnología social” desde la cual se entiende el funcionamiento antes que el contenido. Para evidenciar el funcionamiento de la tradición como tecnología social desde el enfoque de la inclusión y exclusión se retoma la etnografía de Sosme Campos realizada en la Sierra de Zongolica.
El impacto de la emergencia sanitaria por COVID-19 en las relaciones individuales de trabajo
Authors: Suárez Jasso Elsa
Published: February 2021

Está investigación presenta un acercamiento disciplinario a las afectaciones y perspectivas que han impactado a alas relaciones individuales de trabajo dentro de la emergencia sanitaria declarada por la enfermedad denominada COVID-19, poniendo en evidencia cómo las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas se han visto como las más afectadas; como resultado se presentan posibles soluciones que, desde el ámbito de la legislación laboral se han propuesto y practicado.
La importancia de la metodología de la investigación en la carrera de Medicina en la Universidad Nacional de Rosario
Authors: Castillo Salazar Isis Zazil-Ha , Belloni Nadia Laura
Published: February 2021

Kerlinger y Lee (2002) menciona que la investigación es y debe ser tan ordenada que el investigador pueda tener plena confianza en sus resultados, por esta razón, se utiliza a la metodología como pilar de toda investigación pues no dar lugar al error, se encarga de clasificar y filtrar la información de manera tal, que se obtenga el conocimiento de la forma más acertada posible al contexto histórico, social y cultural del investigador (p. 13). Todo conocimiento debe ser cuestionado y puesto a prueba, hecho que nos remite al análisis que realiza esta disciplina para evaluar la calidad de la información recabada, y no puede ser desligada del proceso obtención – renovación de conocimiento, pues se ha pospuesto desde los inicios en un segundo plano para comprender mejor la función de la metodología.
Aplicación de Machine Learning en la Indutria 4.0 en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Romero Bravo Guadalupe Janette , Espinoza Maza Jonathan De Jesús , Macgluf Issasi Arturo , Suárez Álvarez Ángel , Rodríguez Rodríguez Luis Alberto
Published: February 2021

Los mayores crecimientos económicos vienen impulsados por grandes innovaciones tecnológicas. La industria, por su parte, trata de aprovechar estas revolucionarias tecnologías para crear nuevos modelos de negocio y generar altos beneficios con mínimo costo. Actualmente, nos encontramos en la cuarta revolución industrial, donde una de las tecnologías más importantes es la inteligencia artificial. En concreto, el aprendizaje automático o Machine Learning surge como un subcampo de la inteligencia artificial que da a las computadoras la habilidad de aprender sobre algo para lo que no han sido explícitamente programadas. Durante la reciente urgencia global, los científicos, médicos y expertos en atención médica de todo el mundo siguen buscando una nueva tecnología para ayudar a abordar la pandemia de Covid-19 y prevenir futuras pandemias. La evidencia de la aplicación de Machine Learning e Inteligencia Artificial en la epidemia alienta a los investigadores al brindar un nuevo ángulo para luchar contra el Coronavirus.
Redukcja szkód związana z przyjmowaniem substancji psychoaktywnych
Authors: Prokopowicz Adam
Published: February 2021

Psychoactive substance addiction is difficult to treat, brings huge damage to the body and has negative social and economic consequences for the addicted, their families and society. Rehabilitation therapy is often long and has a high failure rate. For this reason, there is a need for extensive action to minimise the negative effects of psychoactive substance use. Substitution therapy is one of the programmes included in the harm reduction strategy. It involves the replacement of an illicit drug with a legal substance with similar or identical pharmacological effects and is applied in drug addiction therapy. In the case of nicotine addiction, substitution therapy involves taking the same psychoactive substance (nicotine) in a form which is devoid of the majority of other toxic substances that are found in tobacco smoke. The introduction of alternative forms of nicotine supply (electronic cigarettes, non-smoking tobacco products) have renewed the controversy around the topic of efficacy of harm reduction involving the replacement of traditional tobacco products with those with reduced emission of toxic substances, but which still deliver nicotine. According to the opponents of substitution therapy, it prevents one from achieving abstinence that allows for full elimination of harm generated by psychoactive substances. Finding a common platform between the proponents of harm reduction and advocates of complete abstinence-based therapy would be of benefit to the addicted individuals.
Ocena częstości występowania zakażeń wirusami hepatotropowymi u pacjentów poddanych allogenicznej transplantacji krwiotwórczych komórek macierzystych od dawcy niespokrewnionego
Authors: Markiewicz Mirosław , Rzenno Ewa , Karolczyk Agnieszka , Stachowicz Małgorzata , Dzierżak-Mietła Monika , Gwóźdź Kinga , Dziaczkowska-Suszek Joanna
Published: February 2021

Introduction. The broad indications for allogenic transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells (allo-HSCT) and the use of immunosuppression after transplantation pose a risk of frequent occurrence of viral infections. Aim. The subject of the work is the analysis of serological status and prevalence of primarily (HBV, HCV) and secondarily (CMV, EBV) hepatotropic viruses in the group of patients treated with allo-HSCT from unrelated donors and assessment of the usefulness of serological and biomolecular methods in virological diagnostics both before and after transplantation. Material and methods. The study included 157 patients after allo-HSCT performed due to hematopoietic system diseases in the period 01.2015-03.2017. Results. The presence of anti-HBc and anti-EBV antibodies in the IgM class was demonstrated in 6 and 2.5% of patients before transplantation, in which DNA testing excluded presence of the viral load what allowed to perform the transplantation. Reactivation of HBV-DNA after transplantation was found in two patients with a long history of hepatitis B. In the post-transplant period, EBV viremia was detected in 31% of patients and CMV in 39% of patients. The frequency of CMV reactivation varied depending on the initial serological status of the donor-recipient pairs prior to transplantation. The reactivation of EBV and CMV had an effect on the survival of the patients and often occurred simultaneously. There was no case of HCV infection. Conclusions. Molecular studies of hepatotropic viruses prior to allo-HSCT are justified in the presence of serological markers suggesting the possibility of infection, which most often concerns HBV and EBV. Examination of CMV-DNA and EBV-DNA after allo-HSCT enables to detect reactivation of the virus in a significant proportion of patients, which is associated with an increased risk of adverse course of the disease. CMV viremia, the detection of which enables the implementation of proper treatment, occurs most frequently in patients whose serological status of CMV before transplantation was positive.
Problem masturbacji wczesnodziecięcej na tle zachowań autoseksualnych w okresie dojrzałości
Authors: Boroch Jacek , Jarząbek-Bielecka Grażyna , Mizgier Małgorzata , Wojtyła-Buciora Paulina , Bieś Zofia , Kędzia Witold , Pisarska-Krawczyk Magdalena
Published: February 2021

Masturbation is self-stimulation of the genitals for pleasure and self-comfort. Children may rub themselves with a hand or other object. The aim of the paper is sexuological aspect of masturbation. Masturbation refers to sexual stimulation, especially of one’s own genitals and often to the point of orgasm, which is performed manually, by other types of bodily contact (except for sexual intercourse), by use of objects or tools, or by some combination of these methods. Attention is paid to the problem of early childhood masturbation, which has specific medical and psychological significance. There is a need for proper sexual education of children, adolescents and parents.
Zmiany w EKG o charakterze przerostu lewej komory z zaburzeniami repolaryzacji – możliwe trudności diagnostyczne na podstawie opisu przypadku
Authors: Bodnar Mariusz , Mazurkiewicz Joanna , Różański Jacek
Published: February 2021

Electrocardiographic changes of the nature of left ventricular hypertrophy with repolarization abnormalities may cause some diagnostic difficulties in the outpatient setting resulting from the etiology of changes. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem that shortens lifespan, primarily by increasing risk of cardiovascular disease. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a common pattern of cardiovascular injury in CKD that affects up to 75% of individuals by the time they reach end-stage renal disease. By promoting heart failure and atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, LVH is a powerful risk factor for cardiovascular events and death. The complex pathogenesis of LVH involves ventricular pressure and volume overload and the electrocardiographic record alone may sometimes suggest suspicion of an acute coronary syndrome. In this paper, we describe the case of a 39-year-old patient who was referred to the Cardiology Clinic with a preliminary diagnosis of „infarctus myocardia in evolution”, however, the final diagnosis was chronic kidney disease in stage 5 on a base of hypertensive nephropathy (not biopsy proven).
Zrozumieć aleksytymię
Authors: Jackowska Ewa
Published: February 2021

The main goal of this article is to present a specific personality disorder that manifests in disorders of cognitive processing and emotion regulation that is known as alexithymia. Alexithymia reduces the chances of high quality of life in the psychosomatic and social aspects. Empirical research has indicated correlates with certain personality traits that affect the quality of interpersonal relations, such as low extraversion, avoidance coping, low self-esteem, poor adaptive skills, predisposition for social isolation. In this review, relationship between alexithymia and somatic health problems is discussed, along with selected research on this subject. Alexithymia is considered a biological predisposition for personality disorders and functional mental disorders. The final part of the article contains recommendations on psychotherapeutic interactions, which should be directed at deepening the awareness of experienced emotional states and modifications of pattern of interpersonal behavior.
Wpływ substancji zawartych w pieczarkach na organizm człowieka
Authors: Majewski Jacek , Orylski Michał , Majewski Maciej , Rasała Julia
Published: February 2021

Agaricus bisporus (white button mushroom) contains significant amounts of dietary fibers, microelements and other important compounds. While it is often underrated, numerous studies prove its positive impact on health. Several compounds found in Agaricus bisporus provide beneficial effects on diabetic and cardiovascular diseases and may lower blood glucose, cholesterol and LDL. Those mushrooms are also a potential breast cancer chemopreventive agent since they were proven to suppress aromatase and estrogen synthesis. Therefore, it may be useful in estrogen-dependent breast tumors. What is more, white button mushroom contains low amount of fat and is low calorie. It can be effectively used in diets to lower body weight. Also, compounds found in white button mushroom have impact on human immune system. They lead to increase of IgA production and stimulates lymphocytes by increasing levels of interleukin. Therefore, white button mushroom is not only valuable thanks to its taste but also because of its impact on human health. Properly prepared it can be an important ingredient of everyday meals.
Wpływ zabiegów fizjoterapeutycznych w reedukacji chodu u pacjentów z uzależnieniem alkoholowym
Authors: Żołowicz Piotr , Pogroszewska Wioletta , Chojnowska Joanna
Published: February 2021

Introduction. Long-term and intensive alcohol consumption gradually and comprehensively distroy the human’s body which results in reducing muscle strength and mass. It causes necrosing of the neural joints which results in disturbing executive functions of our nervous system. Alcoholism disturbs walking which becomes shaky and unstable. A key condition for successful preservative treatment in the case of the person with alcohol addiction is choosing the adequate physiotherapy treatment. One of the basic aims of improving the patient's condition is reteaching gait. Aim. The aim of the dissertation was to evaluate the effectiveness of the physiotherapy treatment used in improving the quality of gait, the balance and motor coordination as well as increasing the muscle strength of the lower limbs in the case of the patient with alcohol addiction. Material and methods. The study included the patient with strong gait, balance and motor coordination disorder who was taken to the Department of Neurology of the Stefan Kardynał Wyszyński Province Hospital in Łomża. The research was done on the day the patient was taken to the department of neurology, after two weeks of rehabilitation and after 22 days spent in hospital. Before the treatment started the patient’s muscle strength had been examined by means of Lovett’s scale. Fall risk assessment was done by means of Tinetti’s test and balance assessment was done by means of Romberg’s test. The rehabilitation plan included exercises increasing muscle strength of lower limbs, improving the balance and motor coordination of the patient as well as the treatment improving gait function. In order to compare the results the patient was examined after two weeks of rehabilitation and on the 22nd day of hospitalisation. Results. After the rehabilitation the increase of muscle strength was stated. The improvement of gait quality, balance and motor coordination was noticed as well. It can be said that the physiotherapy treatment in the case of the patient with alcohol addiction had a tangible effect as far as reteaching gait is concerned. Conclusions. Complex and individually chosen rehabilitation brings significant improvement in the increase of muscle strength of lower limbs, balance and locomotion of ill people with alcohol addiction.
TRACKED ROBOT FOR CLEANING OF PIPE
Authors: Kelemen Michal , Lukas Bobal
Published: February 2021

Urgency of the research. Service robot is as device which is currently used for standard works as cutting the grass or vacuum cleaning and also teleoperation robot which is remote controlled by human for special tasks as exploring, bomb removing, rescue action etc. Tendency is substitute human in dangerous or monotonous works via using of robots. Target setting. Tracked robot is designed for cleaning of pipe, which has inner pipe wall covered by sediments. The typical example is chimney, where carbon particles cover the pipe wall. Carbon particles can start burning process with result of total damaging of chimney and also building. Pipe robot can be used as practical aid for cleaning and inspection of pipes. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. Other similar task is repairing of damaged inner pipe wall. Robot which repair pipe from inside pipe saves the costs for site excavation works. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. The questions of the design of pipe repairing robots are uninvestigated,
because the next research will be focused to this. The research objective. In-pipe robot is as device for locomotion inside pipe with aim to make inspection or cleaning of
inner surface of pipe wall. Tracked robot is designed because of better properties as overcoming of problematic places inside pipe and also lower normal force between the tracks and inner pipe wall. The statement of basic materials. Tracked segments are pressed to inner pipe wall and normal force is controlled by controller on the base of measurement of normal force. Cleaning brush module is connected to robot for dirties removing. CCD camera for inspection can be also connected to robot. Conclusions. The cleaning robot is important device for service of pipe systems as prevention of pipe damage of other negative phenomena. Contribution of this robot is significant, because it saves money and time.
PENGARUH SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERN PEMERINTAH DAN KOMPETENSI SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DAERAH PADA PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN MUSI RAWAS UTARA
Authors: Indika Miki
Published: February 2021

This study aims to see whether the government internal control system partially influences the effectiveness of regional financial management, whether human resources partially influence the effectiveness of regional financial management, and simultaneously government internal control system and human resource competencies influence the effectiveness of regional financial management. This study aims to examine the effect of the government's internal control system and human resource competence on the effectiveness of regional financial management. There are three variables in this study, namely the government internal control system, human resource competency, and the effectiveness of regional financial management which entirely developed into 15 indicators. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling with a population of 12 (twelve) Regional Apparatus Organizations that implement the Government's Internal Control System where each Regional Device Organization is taken as many as twelve respondents. The data collection techniques are questionnaires and observations. The data analysis method used in the study is a multiple regression analysis with the help of   SPSS version 20. The result indicates that Government internal control system partially had a significant effect on the effectiveness of regional financial management, the human resource competencies partially had a significant effect on the effectiveness of regional financial management
Faktor Pengaruh Harga Saham dengan Pendekatan Analisis Rasio
Authors: Surahmansyah Shintya Hanika
Published: February 2021

Factors related to the condition of the company are generally indicated in the financial statements, which is one measure of company performance. Fundamental analysis is a factor often used to predict stock prices.

This study aims to determine the effect of Earning per Share (EPS), Return on Equity (ROE), and Net Profit Margin (NPM) on the stock prices of financial institutions listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2018. The population in this study is the company of financial institutions listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2018. The sample in this study is 10 companies and the selection of ampples using purposive sampling method. The analytical method used is multiple linear analysis method.

The results of the analysis conducted indicate that EPS partially influences the stock price while ROE and NPM do not affect the stock price. Simultaneous in test shows the results that together EPS, ROE, and NPM affect the stock price.

From the test determination coefficient results obtained 57.6% changes in stock prices are influenced by EPS, ROE, and NPM factors. While the remaining 42.4% is influenced by other factors.
Estratégia de telemonitoramento do Covid-19 nas instituições de longa permanência por alunos de medicina no interior de São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Matsuura Naomi Carrara , Achkar Ana Laura Carvalho , Covalero Amely , Padoan Danyella da Silva , Moreira Laura Junqueira Silva , Carbonieri Melanie Nogueira , Miranda Sandrine da Silva , Neto Toufic Anbar , Spadacio Cristiane
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: No cenário de pandemia da Covid-19 muitos óbitos ocorreram em idosos residentes de Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos (ILPIs), estes se tornam mais vulneráveis devido as comorbidades que possuem e ao contato constante com profissionais da saúde.  Este estudo tem como objetivo realizar o monitoramento e rastreamento de residentes sintomáticos de COVID-19 em ILPIs, por acadêmicos de medicina, através da telemedicina. Relato de Experiência: O monitoramento moto realizado por contato telefônico diário para cada instituição possibilitou a detecção precoce das situações de risco, com implantação de ações que possibilitaram prevenir agravos à saúde dos sintomáticos e interrupção da transmissão do vírus. Houve atualização de todos os dados coletados para a Secretaria Municipal de Saúde diariamente por meio de relatórios, sendo uma medida fundamental de vigilância em saúde. Além disso, o programa também demonstrou a contribuição da telemedicina para o enfrentamento da pandemia e para a educação médica. Considerações Finais: O telemonitoramento se mostrou uma ferramenta eficaz para o rastreamento e notificação de casos suspeitos da COVID-19 em ILPIs, o que contribuiu para o banco de dados epidemiológicos da região.
Estudo observacional dos riscos ambientais em laboratório de pesquisa em Recife/PE
Authors: Vicente Julianna Carolina da Silva , Da Rocha Daivyane Aline Mota , De Lima Fernanda Cristina Gomes , Augusto Heloisa Fernanda , Da Silva Everton Morais , Vicente Julianne Damiana da Silva , Júnior José Ancelmo da Silva Cintra , Júnior Jorge Belém Oliveira
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Realizar um estudo observacional sobre os riscos ambientais e as práticas de biossegurança por profissionais e estudantes na rotina diária de um laboratório de pesquisa em Recife/PE. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva com abordagem observacional, a qual foi realizada através da verificação e caracterização da rotina laboratorial dos usuários, averiguação da utilização de equipamentos de proteção, identificação dos riscos ambientais e elaboração de mapa de risco. Resultados: Foram constatados alguns riscos ambientais, principalmente o risco biológico (33%), seguido do risco de acidentes (27%), enquanto o risco físico foi o menos encontrado (7%). Nossos dados demonstraram que existem riscos ambientais de determinadas intensidades no ambiente laboratorial. O laboratório de pesquisa foi classificado como Nível de Biossegurança 2 (NB 2), pois há desenvolvimento de atividades com agentes biológicos da classe de risco 2, ou seja, aqueles que podem acarretar risco individual moderado e risco coletivo baixo. Conclusão: Sendo assim, conclui-se que através da execução de práticas de Biossegurança, tanto os pesquisadores, quanto os usuários de laboratórios, além da disponibilidade do mapa de risco, podem melhorar suas condutas frente aos riscos ambientais, garantindo uma melhor qualidade da saúde dos profissionais e dos trabalhos desenvolvidos.
Caracterização das residências multiprofissionais em saúde do Brasil
Authors: Da Silva Mariana Barbosa , De Souza Elizabeth Moura Soares , Coelho Patrícia Brazil Pereira , Da Silva Paulo Sergio Gomes , Vasconcelos Camila Moreira
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Caracterizar os programas de residências multiprofissionais em saúde do Brasil. Método: Estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal. Os dados foram coletados na internet por arquivos cedidos pelo Ministério da Educação e dos editais dos programas de residência, de março a setembro de 2019, através de um instrumento contendo as variáveis: região geográfica, estado brasileiro, financiamento, número de vagas, ano de início do programa, área de concentração, instituição propositora, profissões existentes e cenários de prática. Resultados: Os programas de residência estão concentrados na região sudeste, destacando-se o Estado de São Paulo. São Financiados, em sua maioria, pelo Ministério da Saúde, estando concentrados em instituições públicas. A profissão de enfermagem está inserida em grande parte dos programas. O eixo de concentração na atenção básica/saúde é o mais ofertado. Conclusão: Os programas de residência multiprofissionais em saúde do Brasil são ofertados em todas as regiões do país, a maioria com bolsas do ministério da saúde, em instituições públicas, na área de concentração da atenção básica, sendo a enfermagem a profissão que está inserida em grande parte dos programas. A característica central das residências multiprofissionais em saúde é ser ensino em serviço, o que concretiza a formação interprofissional.
Dificuldades enfrentadas pelos enfermeiros na realização da classificação de risco no serviço de urgência e emergência
Authors: Frota Cynthia Araújo , Lima Sudário Vitor de Aquiar , Cardoso Amanda Oliveira , De Sousa Larissa Farias , Santos Fernando Antonio da Silva , Trigo Maria Helena Alencar , Cândido Ana Carolina Santos , Rodriques Simone dos Santos , De Araujo Maria Aparecida Pereira , Peixoto Lucas Brito
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Identificar na literatura as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos enfermeiros na realização da classificação de risco no serviço de urgência e emergência. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura com busca de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, LILACS, BVS e SCIELO tendo como descritores, acolhimento, enfermagem e emergência. Foram cluidos artigos que abordassem o tema, publicados em lingua inglesa e portuquesa no período dos anos de 2014 a 2018.Resultados: Foram identificados 152 artigos originais, dos quais selecionaram-se 10. Emergiram-se duas categorias temáticas: Acolhimento com classificação de risco e as Dificuldades dos Enfermeiros na realização da classificação de risco. Considerações Finais: Verificou-se que apesar do enfermeiro ser o responsável pela classificação de risco, este serviço apresenta várias dificuldades como à falta de capacitação dos enfermeiros para a realização da classificação de risco e aplicabilidade/avaliação do protocolo; déficit dos recursos materiais; discordância sobre a Classificação de Risco com o que é preconizado pela Política Nacional de Humanização.
A atenção domiciliar no processo de estabelecimento da saúde bucal na estratégia da saúde da família
Authors: Neto José Milton de Aquino e Silva , Silva Maxsuel Fabian Cavalcante , Panaro Anderson dos Santos , De Mendonça Altamiro Júnio Paranhos Cesar , Medeiros Michelle Leão Bittencourt Brandão , Cavalcanti Tayguara Cerqueira
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Efetuar uma revisão narrativa para explorar as concepções e forma de atuação dos Cirurgiões Dentistas (CD) nos cuidados realizados na cavidade bucal na atenção domiciliar (AD) na estratégia da saúde da família (ESF). Revisão bibliográfica: A AD vem se desenvolvendo cada vez mais, buscando sempre o bem-estar do paciente através do atendimento humanizado, o CD faz parte da integralidade dessa equipe multiprofissional que compõe a ESF, dos quais buscam promover com aspectos primordiais o estabelecimento da saúde oral, principalmente dos pacientes que não possuem locomoção, dispondo como seguimentos aguardados o estabelecimento de prevenções e tratamento de possíveis patologias, visando por sua vez a restauração do indivíduo no AD, assegurando aos cuidados terapêuticos necessários. O CD retém sua indispensabilidade, visto que apresentam funções qualificadas em executar tratamentos, com intuito de oferecer cuidados referente a saúde oral, instrução e motivação. Considerações Finais: À vista disto, os CD’s nas visitas domiciliares encarregam-se de um fundamental papel, em que proporciona um conforto de maneira física e social dos pacientes que são incapacitados por diversas maneiras de irem até Unidade de atendimento.
Atuação da liga acadêmica de cardiologia durante a pandemia da Covid-19 e as implicações na educação médica: relato de experiência
Authors: Malta Crissia Pitanga , Dos Santos Willian Alves , De Oliveira Paulo Gustavo Aguiar , Leite Larissa Parada , Soares Andréa de Andrade Dias , De Lima Barbara Andrade , Vieira Karen Sanae Takehara , Pena Kathleen Serr´ão , Da Silva Maria Eduarda Morgado , Bittencourt Marcelo Imbroinise
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Relatar a experiência das ações da Liga Acadêmica de Cardiologia e as repercussões na educação médica durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Relato de experiência: Trata-se de um relato de experiência sobre as ações da Liga Acadêmica de Cardiologia de uma universidade pública na pandemia da COVID-19. Realizou-se, no âmbito do ensino, o módulo sobre insuficiência cardíaca; aula informativa sobre a ação da COVID-19 no sistema cardiovascular; mini curso de anatomia e fisiologia do coração; palestra sobre arritmias instáveis na emergência e o I Simpósio online de emergências cardiovasculares utilizando tecnologias online de ensino. Na extensão, efetuou-se a campanha online para conscientização da hipertensão arterial sistêmica e a produção, em mídias sociais, de materiais informativos sobre o tema. Construiu-se, juntamente com outras ligas universitárias, o Comitê das Ligas, difundindo conteúdos atualizados sobre a COVID-19 à comunidade acadêmica e geral. A campanha sobre hipertensão arterial originou um projeto de pesquisa que utilizou a tecnologia digital para divulgação e obtenção de informações, sendo canal de conscientização aos participantes sobre a importância do autocuidado cardiovascular. Considerações finais: No cenário desafiador da pandemia, a liga acadêmica se destacou como um canal de difusão do conhecimento à academia e população extramuros da universidade.
ASSESSMENT OF PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF DRUG OROZIN ON ARTERIAL THROMBOSIS MODEL
Authors: Буренков П. , Шекунова Е. , Лютов А. , Мужикян А. , Макарова М. , Макаров В.
Published: February 2021

Введение. При воспалительных процессах бактериальной и вирусной природы в сыворотке крови повышается содержание альфа-1 кислого гликопротеина (АГП) — белка острой фазы; измерение его концентрации в крови позволяет использовать его в качестве диагностического и прогностического параметра. АГП является действующим веществом препарата Орозин.
Цель исследования. Изучение специфической фармакологической активности препарата Орозин на модели экспериментального артериального тромбоза на кроликах.
Материалы и методы. Препарат вводили краткосрочным (2 дня) и пролонгированным (7 дней) курсами внутривенно в дозах 150, 300 и 600 мг/кг. Оценивали показатели системы гемостаза: протромбиновое время, активированное частичное тромбопластиновое время (АЧТВ), количество тромбоцитов в периферической крови, массу участка артерии в месте искусственно сформированного тромба, а также проводили гистологическое исследование стенок артерий с прилежащим тромбом.
Результаты. Введение препарата Орозин в максимальной из изученных доз приводило к улучшению реологических свойств крови: значения АЧТВ были достоверно выше показателя контрольной группы, а масса тромба — достоверно ниже. Полученные результаты подтверждались морфологическими изменениями в стенке тромбированного сосуда, характерными для благоприятного исхода артериального тромбоза.
Заключение. Наибольшая терапевтическая эффективность тестируемого препарата Орозин была выявлена при его 7-дневном применении в дозе 600 мг/кг.

Introduction. Content of alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP) — acute phase protein increases in blood serum at inflammatory processes of bacterial and viral nature; measurement of its blood concentration gives a possibility to use it as a diagnostic and prognostic parameter. AGP is the active substance of drug Orosin.
The aim of study: to study specifi c pharmacological activity of drug Orozin on arterial thrombosis model in rabbits.
Materials and methods. Orozin was administered by short term (2 days) and prolonged (7 days) courses intravenously in doses 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg. We assessed hemostatic parameters: prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), number of platelets in peripheral blood, mass of artery area in place of artifi cially formed thrombus, and also carried out a histological study of arterial walls with adjoining thrombus.
Results. Orozin introduction in maximum of studied doses improved blood rheological properties: APTT values were significantly higher than in control group, and thrombus weight was significantly lower. The obtained results were confi rmed by morphological changes in the wall of thrombosed vessel that were typical for favorable outcome of arterial thrombosis.
Conclusion. Most therapeutic eff ectiveness of test drug Orozin was found at its 7-day application in dose of 600 mg/kg.
ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME IN PATIENT WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: Богатырева В. , Морова Н. , Арбузова Ю.
Published: February 2021

Представлено описание клинического случая развития антифосфолипидного синдрома (АФС) у пациентки 61 года, страдающей ревматоидным артритом (РА). Диагноз АФС выставлен на основании двукратного обнаружения антифосфолипидных антител и верифицированного тромбоза вен нижних конечностей. Особенностью случая было наличие изъязвлений на коже, которые расценены как проявление васкулита. Описание призвано привлечь внимание врачей к возможности развития АФС у пациентов с РА.

Article describes a clinical case of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) in woman (61 years old) suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA). APS diagnosis was identifi ed on the basis of double detection of antiphospholipid antibodies and verified thrombosis of lower extremities. Case peculiarity was the presence of skin ulcerations which were regarded as a manifestation of vasculitis. The description is aimed to attract the attention of physicians to possibility of APS development in patients with RA.
Role of glycine-containing oligopeptides in blood cells aggregation stimulated by adrenaline
Authors: Голубева М.
Published: February 2021

Введение. Изменение реологических свойств крови характерно для различных заболеваний, многие из которых связаны с нарушением реологии и, прежде всего, с изменением агрегации эритроцитов.
Целью исследования было сравнение влияния малых регуляторных пептидов, являющихся фрагментами нейрогормонов, на агрегацию эритроцитов и тромбоцитов под действием адреналина в экспериментах in vitro.
Материалы и методы. Эксперименты проводили на белых беспородных крысах-самцах, массой тела 180-200 г. Использовали пептиды, представляющие собой С-концевые фрагменты вазопрессина (Pro-Arg-Gly-NH2) и окситоцина (Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2).
Результаты. Показано, что малые регуляторные пептиды, являющиеся продуктами протеолиза нейропептидов, оказывают существенное влияние на агрегатное состояние клеток крови. При сравнении влияния пептидов на агрегацию клеток крови, стимулированную адреналином, установлено, что фрагмент вазопрессина Pro-Arg-Gly-NH2 вызывал достоверное усиление агрегации как эритроцитов, так и тромбоцитов; тогда как фрагмент окситоцина Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2 ингибировал только агрегацию эритроцитов, не изменяя агрегации тромбоцитов.
Заключение. Изучение путей поэтапного протеолиза пептидов может привести к разработке новых препаратов для направленной коррекции различных нарушений в организме, поэтому изучение эффектов С-концевых фрагментов гипофизарных гормонов на гемостаз является актуальным.

Introduction. The changing of blood rheological properties is typical for various diseases; many of them are associated with rheology disorder and primarily with change of erythrocytes aggregation.
The aim was to compare the effect of small regulatory peptides (fragments of neurohormones) on the aggregation of erythrocytes and platelets under adrenaline action in experiments in vitro.
Materials and methods. Experiments were conducted on white outbred male rats, body weight 180-200 g. We used 2 peptides – C-terminal fragments of vasopressin (Pro-Arg-Gly-NH2) and oxytocin (Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2).
Results. It was shown that small regulatory peptides (they are products of neuropeptides proteolysis) had a significant effect on blood cells aggregation. We compared the peptides effect on blood cells aggregation stimulated by adrenaline. It was found that vasopressin fragment Pro-Arg-Gly-NH2 significantly increased both erythrocytes and platelets aggregation, while oxytocin fragment Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2 inhibited only erythrocytes aggregation without changing of platelet aggregation.
Conclusion. Investigation of phased peptides proteolysis may result in the development of new drugs for targeted correction of various disturbances. So it is of current interest to study the effects of C-terminal fragments of pituitary hormones on hemostasis.
Laboratory assessment of fibrinolysis markers at coronary artery bypass surgery
Authors: Самсонова Н. , Рыбка М. , Рогальская Е. , Ворожка И. , Хинчагов Д. , Чегрина Л. , Климович Л.
Published: February 2021

Введение. При операциях аортокоронарного шунтирования (АКШ) клинические проявления фибринолиза выражены слабо.
Цель исследования: оценка возможности использования биохимических маркеров для определения степени активации фибринолиза на различных этапах АКШ.
Материалы и методы. Обследовано 40 больных ишемической болезнью сердца, которым выполнялась операция реваскуляризации миокарда на работающем сердце в условиях искусственного кровообращения. Пациенты были поделены на 4 группы, 3 из которых, в зависимости от применяемого антифибринолитика, обозначены как группа «ε-аминокапроновая кислота» («ЕАКК»), группа «транексамовая кислота» («ТК»), группа «аминометилбензойная кислота» («АМБК»). В четвертой группе антифибринолитик не применялся, эта группа использована в качестве контрольной. У всех пациентам исследовали уровень маркеров активации системы гемостаза и фибринолиза, регистрировали тромбоэластограмму (ТЭГ).
Результаты. Между группами не найдено различий в активности плазминогена, ингибитора плазмина, показателя LY 30 в ТЭГ. Уровень активности ингибитора активатора плазминогена I типа снижался от этапа к этапу исследования в группе контроля и последовательно увеличивался в группах, где применялись антифибринолитики. В группе контроля наблюдался максимальный рост содержания Д-димера, в группе «ТК» – минимальный.
Заключение. Наиболее информативным лабораторным маркером активации системы фибринолиза является уровень Д-димера.

Introduction. Clinical manifestations of fibrinolysis are weakly expressed during coronary artery bypass surgery (CABS).
The aim of study: to assess the possibility of biochemical markers usage for determination of fibrinolysis activation at various CABS stages.
Materials and methods. We examined 40 patients with ischemic heart disease during myocardial revascularization surgery on working heart under cardiopulmonary bypass. Patients were divided into four groups; depending on applied antifibrinolytics three of them were denoted as «ε-aminocaproic acid» («EAСА») group, «tranexamic acid» («TА») group and «aminomethylbenzoic acid» («AMBА») group. In fourth group antifibrinolytic was not applied, this group was used as a control. In all patients we examined markers level of hemostasis and fibrinolysis activation and registered tromboelastogram parameters (TEG).
Results. We didn’t found any differences in activities of plasminogen and plasmin inhibitor, LY 30 parameter (in TEG) between groups. Inhibitor of plasminogen activator type I activity reduced from stage to stage of CABS in control group and consistently increased in study groups. We observed maximal increasing of D-dimer content in control group and minimal rising of D-dimer concentration in «TА» group.
Conclusion. D-dimer level is the most informative laboratory marker of fibrinolysis activation.
ROLE OF DISORDERS OF ERYTHROCYTES RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES IN PATHOGENESIS OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES IN CHILDREN
Authors: Левин Г. , Поповичева А. , Соснина Л. , Федорова О. , Шереметьев Ю.
Published: February 2021

Цель исследования: изучение роли нарушений реологических свойств эритроцитов в патогенезе воспалительных заболеваний кишечника у детей.
Материалы и методы. Обследовано 37 детей с воспалительными заболеваниями кишечника (ВЗК): 17 детей с болезнью Крона (БК) и 20 — с язвенным колитом (ЯК). Исследовали деформируемость эритроцитов, спонтанную агрегацию тромбоцитов в искусственном сдвиговом потоке, динамическую вязкость крови, морфологию агрегатов эритроцитов, состояние цитоскелета эритроцитов методом термоиндукции, состояние гемостаза на тромбоэластографе, среднемолекулярные пептиды, сорбционную емкость эритроцитов, связывающую способность альбумина.
Результаты. Выявлено, что ВЗК сопровождаются значительным ухудшением гемореологических свойств крови, что является важным фактором патогенеза этих заболеваний и лежит в основе нарушений микроциркуляции при ВЗК.
Установлено, что при БК нарушения большинства исследованных показателей не только существеннее, чем при ЯК, но и стабильнее — они сохраняются даже после проведенного лечения. Также как и реологические нарушения, эндогенная интоксикация сохраняется при БК и после проведенного лечения.
Заключение. Нарушения реологических свойств крови являются важным фактором, обуславливающим ишемические повреждения кишечника. Это дает основание рекомендовать использование при ВЗК адъювантных методов борьбы с гипоксией и нарушениями микроциркуляции.

Aim: to study the role of disturbances in erythrocytes rheological properties in pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in children.
Materials and methods. The study included 37 patients with IBD: 17 with Crohn’s disease (CD) and 20 with ulcerative colitis (UC). Erythrocyte deformability, spontaneous platelet aggregation, dynamical blood viscosity, morphology of erythrocyte aggregates, the state of erythrocyte cytoskeleton by thermoinduction method, hemostasis state by thromboelastograph, medium molecular peptides, erythrocyte sorption capacity, binding ability of albumin were researched.
Results. We revealed that IBD accompanied by a significant degradation of blood hemorheological properties. It is an important factor in the pathogenesis of these diseases and is at the core of microcirculation disorders at IBD. It was found that at CD disorders the majority of studied parameters were not only more significant than in UC, but they also remained much more stable even after the treatment. At CD endogenous intoxication as well as rheological disorders persisted after treatment.
Conclusion. Disorders of blood rheological properties are an important factor causing ischemic damage of the intestine. This gives reason for recommending the use of adjuvant methods to reduce hypoxia and microcirculatory disturbances at IBD.
ANTI-ENDOTOXIN ANTIBODY CONCENTRATIONS AND TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ARE ASSOCIATED WITH PATHOLOGY OF HEMOSTASIS AND FIBRINOLYSIS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS AND LIVER CIRRHOSIS
Authors: Левитан Б.
Published: February 2021

Цель исследования: установление связи изменений концентраций антиэндотоксиновых антител (АЭА) и фактора некроза опухолей (ФНО) с состоянием системы гемостаза и фибринолиза у больных хроническим гепатитом (ХГ) и циррозом печени (ЦП).
Материалы и методы. Обследовано 37 больных ХГ и 60 — с ЦП. Контрольную группу составили 30 здоровых доноров.
Результаты. При ХГ повышение АЭА выявлено в 51,3% случаев, а снижение — в 40,5%; при ЦП — в 46,6% и 44,2% случаев, соответственно. Значения ФНО при хронических диффузных заболеваниях печени (ХДЗП) были достоверно повышены, причем у больных ЦП они были выше, чем при ХГ. Анализ динамики факторов гемостаза и фибринолиза в двух подгруппах больных (I — концентрация АЭА]≤]10 мкг/мл, II — АЭА]>]10 мкг/мл) показал, что при повышении содержания АЭА чаще наблюдались явления гипокоагуляции, гиперфибринолиза, появление маркеров гипокоагуляционной фазы ДВС.
Заключение. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о важном патогенетическом значении синдрома эндотоксемии в развитии нарушений гемостаза и фибринолиза при ХДЗП. Предлагается использовать определение содержания АЭА и ФНО для оценки выраженности гемокоагуляционных нарушений и в качестве предикторов развития ДВС-синдрома у больных ХГ и ЦП.

Aim: to find the associations of anti-endotoxin antibodies (AEA) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) with hemostasis and fibrinolysis in patients with chronic hepatitis (CH) and liver cirrhosis (LC).
Materials and methods. We examined 37 patients with CH, 60 patients with LC, and 30 healthy donors as control group.
Results. In patients with CH the increased AEA content was present in 51,3%, the reduced AEA content – in 40,5%. In patients with LC elevated AEA content was revealed in 46,6% and the reduced AEA — in 44,2%. TNF was signifi cantly elevated in all patients, and patients with LC had higher TNF than patients with CH. The comparison between two subgroups (I — AEA≤10 μg/ml, II — AEA>10 μg/ml) showed that increased AEA had mostly associated with hypocoagulation, hyperfibrinolysis, and hypocoagulation phase of DIC.
Conclusion. The results show that the endotoxinemia plays important pathogenetic role for the development of both hemostasis and fibrinolysis disorders. We propose to use AEA and TNF contents to assess the severity of coagulation failure as well as a predictor of DIC-syndrom in patients with CH and LC.
WARFARIN «NEAR MISS» IN SURGERY
Authors: Колесников В. , Рахимов Б. , Козлов1 В.
Published: February 2021

Статья посвящена рискам геморрагических осложнений при варфаринотерапии и анализу статистики «near miss» (незапланированных неблагоприятных происшествий и осложнений) с целью поиска оптимальных организационных решений для исключения повторения тех же ошибок. Авторы приводят клинический пример «near miss» с непоказанным и бесконтрольным приемом варфарина, который привел к жизнеугрожающему состоянию.

The article describes high haemorrhagic risk due to warfarin therapy and the statistics of «near miss» (unplanned unfavorable events and complications). The article aimed to fi nd optimal organizational decisions to exclude a reoccurrence of the same mistakes. The authors present the clinical case with «near miss» when unprescribed and uncontrolled warfarin intake has become life-threatening.