bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Characterization of 68 Microsatellite Markers of Black Amur Bream Megalobrama terminalis by Next-Generation Sequencing
Authors: Liu Kai , Feng Xiao-yu , Ma Heng-jia , Xie Nan
Published: April 2021

This study developed and characterized 68 novel polymorphic microsatellite markers from black Amur bream Megalobrama terminalis by next-generation sequencing. Variability was tested on 36 individuals collected from Qiantang River, Zhejiang Province, China. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 13. Observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.028 to 0.944, whereas the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.028 to 0.887. Polymorphism Information Content ranged from 0.027 to 0.862. Moreover, 53 microsatellites were in agreement with Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Twenty-eight pairwise tests in 33 microsatellite loci indicated linkage disequilibrium. These microsatellites are a valuable tool for further genetics studies of this species.
Radial percolation reveals that Cancer Stem Cells are trapped in the core of colonies
Authors: Barberis Lucas
Published: April 2021

Using geometrical arguments, it is shown that Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) must be confined inside solid tumors under natural conditions. Aided by an agent-based model and percolation theory, the probability of a CSC being positioned at the border of a colony is estimated. This probability is estimated as a function of the CSC self-renewal probability ps; i.e., the chance that a CSC remains undifferentiated after mitosis. In the most common situations ps is low, and most CSCs produce differentiated cells at a very low rate. The results presented here show that CSCs form a small core in the center of a cancer cell colony; they become quiescent due to the lack of space to proliferate, which stabilizes their population size. This result provides a simple explanation for the CSC niche size, dispensing with the need for quorum sensing or other proposed signaling mechanisms. It also supports the hypothesis that metastases are likely to start at the very beginning of tumor development.
Body weight and carcass characteristics of broilers fed different mixtures of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and garlic (Allium sativum) in diets
Authors: Ojelade AYP , Lamidi AW , Agbaye FP , Umoru JI , Ajibade AS , Labaeka A , Falade AA , Oginni RA , Ekeogu PH
Published: April 2021

Body weight and carcass characteristics of broilers was investigated in a feeding experiment using 135 broilers of Abor acre strain in a completely randomised design that lasted for eight weeks at the Teaching and Research farm, Department of Agricultural education, Federal College of Education (Technical) Akoka Lagos Nigeria. The birds were randomly allotted to three dietary treatments of 45 chicks per treatment. Each treatment was replicated three times (15 chicks per replicate). Three isocaloric (2713.41 and 2918.76 Kcal/kg starter and finisher diets respectively) and isonitrogenous (Starter 24%CP and Finisher 20.37%) diets were formulated. The control diet was without mixture of ginger and garlic. The two other diets were T1:7.5g Ginger plus 7.5g Garlic mixture/25kg diet and T2: 15g Ginger plus 15g Garlic mixture/25kg diet. The experimental diets (starter and finisher diets) were offered to the respective bids with water ad libitum. The body weight gain (Kg) of birds fed control, T1 and T2:1.85, 1.90 and 1.74 respectively were not significantly different (p > 0.05).The feed intake (kg); 4.77, 4.22 and 4.02; and feed conversion ratio: 2.70; 2.22 and 2.31 for birds on control, T1 and T2 respectively were not different (p > 0.05) too. Birds on diet T2 recorded the highest liveability percentage (96%). Mixtures of ginger and garlic in ratio 1.1 up to 7.5g each in 25kg diets slightly increased final body weight gain and liveability; improved feed conversion ratio (FCR), reduced feed intake and dressed carcass percentage significantly (p<0.05) reduced weight of internal organs like liver, heart, kidney and gizzard. The increased final body weight gain and liveability as well as improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) of birds could possibly be due to improvement in feed digestion, additive advantage of nutrients and the anti-microbial property of the mixtures of ginger and garlic in the diets. While the reduced feed intake and dressed carcass percentage may be responsible for by the high fiber content, and some anti-nutritional factors in the ginger and garlic mixtures.Keywords: body weight, carcass characteristics, broiler chicken, Allium sativum, Zingiber officinale
Growth performance and carcass characteristics of weaned rabbits fed varying levels of unfermented and lye digested\fermented cocoa pod husk meal (CPHM)
Authors: Oyadeyi OS , Olusola OO
Published: April 2021

The study evaluated the growth performance and carcass characteristics of weaned rabbits fed varying levels of undigested/unfermented and lye digested/fermented cocoa pod husk meal in different diets as a source of fibre. A Completely Randomised Design (CRD) was used which comprised of forty unsexed weaned New Zealand and Chinchilla cross rabbits which were randomly allotted into five treatments A, B, C, D and E. Each treatment consisted of eight replicates. Treatment A served as the control diet (without CPHM), B and C had 30% and 40% unfermented CPHM while D and E contained 30% and 40% lye digested\fermented CPHM respectively. Freshly broken cocoa pod husk were collected from a fermentary unit of the Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria (CRIN) and processed. A known quantity was sundried into a constant weight before milling while the other part was soaked in lye water for one hundred and twenty hours (digested/fermented) i.e five days before being sun dried into a constant weight and milled. The milled unfermented and digested/fermented CPHM were incorporated into the experimental diets at 30% and 40% inclusion levels. The study showed that rabbits fed Diets D and E had significantly (p<0.05) higher body weight gain, feed intake, water consumption and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) than those fed diets B,C and A. Rabbits in A (the Control) scored lowest in all the parameters. The carcass analysis also showed that the eviscerated weight, hind limbs, fore-limbs, back and tail weight of rabbits on diets D and E were significantly higher in weight (p<0.05) than those on diets A, B and C. There was no death attributable to CPHM in the diet, therefore, fermented CPHM is recommended as fibre inclusion in rabbit diet in the tropics.Key words: Rabbits, Cocoa Pod Husk Meal, Lye, growth performance, carcass characteristics
Effects of inclusion levels of ficus (Ficus sycomorus) leaf meal in urea treated maize cob based complete diets on the performance of Yankasa goats
Authors: Abdu SB , Hassan MR , Adamu HY , Yashim SM , Jokthan GE , Jakheng SW
Published: April 2021

An inclusion level of Ficus sycomorus leaf meal (FSLM) at 0 %(T1), 25%(T2), 50%(T3) and 75%(T4) in Urea treated maize cob based complete diet was evaluated. Four Red Sokoto goats averaging 15 ± 1.5kg live body weight were used to measure feed intake, digestibility and nitrogen balance. Urea treatment of maize cob resulted in two fold increase in crude protein. Feed intake was significantly (p<0.05) affected by inclusion level of Ficus sycomorus. Although the intake of dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in T2 and decreased with increase in the level of inclusion of Ficus sycomorus leaf meal. Significant (P<0.05) intake of crude protein (CP) was observed in T3. DM digestibility was significantly (p<0.05) higher with supplementation. T2 had higher DM digestibility (46.52), followed by T1 and T3 which were statistically lower and similar (43.39 and 41.36, respectively).The least DM digestibility was observed in T4 (37.69). Inclusion of FSLM significantly (p<0.05) decreased Nitrogen retention with increase in the level of inclusion observed in this order (14.34, 11.59 and 8.45g/day) for T2, T3 and T4, respectively. T1, T2 and T3 had significantly (p<0.05) higher and similar absorbed N, while T4 had a lower absorbed N. Ficus sycomorus can be included up to 50% in a urea treated maize cob based complete diets for feeding goats, without any adverse effects.Key words: complete diet, ficus, maize cob, urea treatment
Economic assessment of oil palm projects in Nigeria.
Authors: Nwawe CN , Erumwenbibi BO , Utulu SN , Dada M , Omofonmwan EI
Published: April 2021

Due to the dramatic increase in the incidence and severity of poverty in Nigeria arising from the dwindling performance of the agricultural sector where a preponderant majority of the poor are employed, the revenue from the farmer’s output is of paramount importance in order to maintain continuous cycle of production. However, this study was designed to economically assess oil palm projects in Nigeria. Secondary data used for this study were collected from Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research (NIFOR) and related journals. The data collected were analyzed using discounted cash flow techniques. The result shows that at 32% interest rate NPV was positive (N20,275), IRR was 33% and the BCR was 1.06. The sensitivity analysis revealed that at 5% fall in revenue of the project, the NPV was positive (N1,403) while at 10% fall in revenue, the NPV became negative (N-28,747). Therefore, since price and yield quantity is an important ingredient in determining the revenue from oil palm project, investor has to watch closely these variables that may affect the profitability of the project.Keywords: Oil palm, NPV, IRR, BCR, discount factor.
Consumption of fruits and vegetables in the peri-urban interface: implications for post-harvest systems in Ibadan, Nigeria.
Authors: Akintayo OI , Okache JO
Published: April 2021

The consumption of adequate quantities of fruits and vegetables is essential to a healthy life. The growing body of evidence on fruits and vegetable consumption mainly focus on urban areas with very scanty information and data on rural/peri-urban areas. This study was carried out in the peri urban interface of Ibadan. It examined the access of people to fruits and vegetables and the factors which affect their consumption. Through multi-stage sampling technique, two hundred respondents were selected from four peri-urban communities and data were obtained through the use of pre-tested questionnaire and interview schedules. Results revealed that more than ninety-five per cent of respondents are aware of the benefits of consuming fruits and vegetables. Majority of the respondents consumed more of indigenous than exotic fruits and vegetables, preferring fresh to processed fruits. More than seventy per cent of respondents obtained fruits and vegetables from local markets with an expenditure of less than six per cent of their monthly income. Major constraint to consumers’ access to fruits is the seasonality of these items, making them scarce during off seasons.Key words: Peri-urban interface, fruits, vegetables, consumption.
Effect of inorganic fertilizer on the growth of Khaya senegalensis seedlings
Authors: Akinyele AO , Oluwadare AO , Aina O
Published: April 2021

This study investigated the effects of two different mineral fertilizers on the early growth and biomass accumulation of Khaya senegalensis seedlings. The research was carried out in the nursery of the Department of Forest Resources Management, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Uniformly growing seedlings were transplanted into polythene pots filled with 4kg topsoil and ten (10) grams each of NPK 15-15-15, Urea 46-0-0 and a combination of NPK15-15-15: Urea 46-0-0. Number of leaves, shoot height and collar diameter were assessed weekly for three months. Biomass, leaf area, leaf dry weight (LDW), stem dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW) and total dry weight (TDW) of randomly selected seedlings from each treatment were determined 12 weeks after fertilizer application. Data collected were subjected to ANOVA. LSD was used to separate significantly different means. There was a significant difference in height of seedlings treated with NPK-UREA and other seedlings at 0.05 probability level. The seedlings treated with NPK-UREA had the highest mean height, 26.3cm at the 12th week after fertilizer application. The highest mean collar diameter- 0.75cm, leaf area- 31.4cm2 and biomass- 5.7g, were recorded in the control. This study shows that 10g of NPK-UREA fertilizers was not sufficient to increase the rate of growth of Khaya senegalensis seedlings above the seedlings with no fertilizer application.Keywords: biomass accumulation, Fertilizer application, Indigenous trees, Khaya senegalensis.
Determinants of profitability of smallholder palm oil processing units in Ogun state, Nigeria.
Authors: Adeniyi OR , Ogunsola GO
Published: April 2021

A total of 70 questionnaires were administered to the palm oil farmers randomly selected from five purposively sampled towns in Ogun state. Selection was based on the predominance of producers in the towns as well as their geographical spread covering the entire land space of the state. The response rate was 95.71 percent. Altogether, data used for final analyses were obtained from 17 manual, 36 semi-mechanized and 14 fully mechanized palm oil processors. Data were analyzed by the use of descriptive statistics, multiple regressions and budgeting. The quantity of input used (palm fruits) and output (palm oil) were measured in kilogramme and litres respectively. Other by-products of processing were measured also in kilogrammes. Averages of market prices for the input and output variables obtained through the consumer panel approach were used in calculating profitability. The profitability analysis revealed that fully mechanized palm oil processing was more profitable than other methods of processing. The F-ratio value is statistically significant (P<0.01) implying that the model is adequate for use in further analysis. The coefficient of determination (R2) was 68%. Extraction cost and cost of palm fruits are negative and significantly associated with net returns, so also depreciation on tools and other fixed inputs. In contrast, no significant relationship was found to exist between net returns and such factors as processing experience and cost of labour. There is the need to improve palm oil processing techniques using mechanized (improved) systems in order to boost profitability among palm oil farmers in the study area and in Nigeria as a whole.Keywords: Oil palm, cost, net return, profitability, mechanized processing.
Late-stage disease at presentation to an HIV clinic in eastern Tanzania: A retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Mhozya H , Bintabara D , Kibusi S , Neilson E , Mpondo BC
Published: April 2021

Background Late presentation and delayed treatment initiation is associated with poor outcomes in patients with HIV. Little is known about the stage at which HIV patients present at HIV clinics in Tanzania.Aim: This study aimed at determining the proportion of HIV patients presenting with WHO clinical stages 3 and 4 disease, and the level of immunity at the time of enrollment at the care and treatment center.Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 366 HIVinfected adults attending HIV clinic at Mwananyamala Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Data were obtained from the care and treatment clinic database.Results Late stage disease at the time of presentation was found in 276 (75.4%) of the patients; out of whom 153 (41.8%) presented with CD4 count <200 cells/ul and 229 (62.6%) presented with WHO clinical stage 3 or 4 at the time of clinic enrollment. Strategies to improve early diagnosis and treatment initiation should be improved.
Serological survey and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection among HIV-infected pregnant women attending Abuja Tertiary Hospital, Nigeria
Authors: Zakari Maryam
Published: April 2021

Background Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy could induce miscarriage, congenital anomalies in foetuses and encephalitis in HIV-infected people. Hence, there is a need to determine the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in HIV-infected pregnant women to inform clinicians about the significance of maternal toxoplasmosis in antenatal care.AimThis study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection, associated CD4+ T-cell profile and sociodemographic risk factors among pregnant women with or without HIV infection attending the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria. MethodsThis hospital-based cross-sectional study involved blood samples collected from 160 HIV-infected and 160 HIV-seronegative pregnant women. These samples were analysed for anti-T. gondii (IgG and IgM) and CD4+ T-cell count using ELISA and flow cytometry, respectively. Sociodemographic variables of participants were collected using structured questionnaires. ResultsThe overall seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM was 28.8% and 3.8%, respectively. The seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM was 29.4% and 4.4%, respectively, among HIV-seropositive pregnant women and 28.1% and 3.1%, respectively, among HIV-seronegative women. There was no significant association between the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii-IgG and anti-T. gondii-IgM with age, gestational age, education level, parity or place of residence of HIV-infected pregnant women (P > 0.05). However, there was significant association between the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii-IgG (P = 0.03) and anti-T. gondii-IgM (P = 0.01) with education level. CD4+ T-cell count varied significantly between HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected pregnant women (P = 0.035). Conclusion In this study, the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM did not differ in HIV-seropositive or HIV-seronegative pregnant women. However, women with primary T. gondii and HIV coinfection had lower CD4+ T-cell count than those with toxoplasmosis monoinfection.
Economic Feasibility Analysis of Rainwater Harvesting System at Typical Public Buildings in Guangzhou
Authors: Shiguang Chen , Yu Zhang
Published: April 2021

Objectives : Rainwater harvesting (RWH) is one of the most promising alternative water sources, since rainwater can easily be collected and used without significant treatment for non-potable purposes. However, the economical viability of these systems is not always assured. The objective of this study is to assess the potential water saving and financial performance of an RWH systems for a typical multifunctional building (with a rooftop area of 2,725 m2) in Guangzhou, China.Methods : The water saving and economic feasibility of the RWH system were examined using a yield after supply model for fourteen rainwater tank schemes (from 1 m3 to 30 m3).Results and Discussion : According to the simulation results, an annual potable water saving of 3,923.56 m3 can be achieved and a corresponding annual revenue of 11,496.04 CNY can be obtained from the RWH system. The economic viability expressed by benefit cost ratio is 1.50 and by payback periods are within 6.26 year, respectively. Sensitivity analysis indicates that the water price is the most important factor affecting the economic viability of an RWH systems. The widespread implementation of rainwater harvesting systems in the public buildings will not only lead to economic savings, but also go further to relive pressure on urban drainage systems and natural water body. Therefore, the actual benefits achieved by a RWH system will be greater than we predicted in current study.Conclusions : These results demonstrating that the application of RWH system is a very promising adaptation strategy for coping with the water crisis and climate change in urban areas of southern China.
Water Quality Assessment of 14 Reservoirs in Geum River Basin Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis
Authors: Kim Jin Ho , Joo Jin Chul , Ahn Chae Min , Hwang Dae Ho
Published: April 2021

Objectives : 14 reservoirs in the Geum river watershed were clustered and classified using the results of factor analysis based on water quality characteristics. Also, correlation analysis between pollutants (land system, living system, livestock system) and water quality characteristics was performed to elucidate the effect of pollutants on water quality.Methods : Cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), and factor analysis (FA) using water quality data of 14 reservoirs in the Geum river watershed during the last 5 years (2014-2018) were performed to derive the principal components. Then, correlation analysis between principal components and pollutants was performed to verify the feasibility of clustering.Results and Discussion : From the factor analysis (FA) using water quality data of 14 reservoirs in the Geum river watershed, three to six principal components (PCs) were extracted and extracted PCs explained approximately 74% of overall variations in water quality. As a result of clustering reservoirs based on the extracted PCs, the reservoirs clustered by nitrogen and seasonal PCs were Ganwol, Geumgang, and Sapgyo, the reservoirs clustered by organic pollution and internal production PCs were Tapjung, Dae, Seokmun, and Yongdam, the reservoirs clustered by organic pollution, internal production, and phosphorus are Bunam, Yedang, and Cheongcheon, and finally the remaining Boryeong, Daecheong, Chopyeong, and Songak were clustered as other factors. From the correlation analysis between principal components and pollutants, significant correlation between the land, living, and livestock pollutants and water quality characteristics was found in Ganwol, Topjeong, Daeho, Bunam, and Daecheong. These reservoirs are considered to require continuous and careful management of specific (land, living, livestock) pollutants. In terms of water quality and pollutant management, the Ganwol, Sapgyo, and Seokmunho are considered to implement intensive measures to improve water quality and to reduce the input of various pollutants.Conclusions : Although the water quality of the reservoir is a result of complex interactions such as influent water factors, morphological and hydrological factors, internal production factors, and various pollutants, optimized watershed and water quality management measures can be implemented through multivariate statistical analysis.
Current Status and Prospective of Offshore Wind Power to Achieve Korean Renewable Energy 3020 Plan
Authors: Park Minkyu , Park Seongjun , Seong Byungcheol , Choi Yeonjeong , Jung Sokhee P.
Published: April 2021

This review comprehensively reviewed floating offshore wind power generation technology, which is being newly developed as a mid- to long-term plan for wind energy. From the perspective of investment per megawatt (MW), offshore wind power is still about 50 percent more expensive than land wind power. Nevertheless, many advanced countries began to investigate the data because they wondered why they were immersed in development and investment, and why offshore wind facilities installed on the beach and floating offshore wind installed in the middle of the sea, unlike the land wind we knew. We looked at the basic principles of offshore wind power generation and the technologies used in facilities, and looked at the advantages and disadvantages of offshore wind power generation compared to land wind power generation, and what differences between fixed offshore wind farms and floating offshore wind farms. It is investigated whether it is a realistic plan to verify residents’ opposition to the installation of offshore wind power facilities, the possibility of commercialization such as high operational management costs, and the feasibility of installing facilities for renewable energy 3020 as mid- to long-term goals. In addition, it compares foreign cases with offshore wind power development complexes in Korea, marine wind power generation complexes in operation, and high wind power in Scotland, the first floating offshore wind power in Ulsan, Korea, to overcome difficulties in installing facilities and suggest directions for domestic offshore wind power development. In addition, in Korea, where there are not many countries suitable for wind power generation unlike overseas, it was decided to investigate whether floating offshore wind power could be the answer as planned. The reason why the government is pushing for investment in renewable energy such as solar power and wind power is because energy sources from the sun are eco-friendly. However, the U.S. and Europe, which started the wind power project early, are having difficulty in handling the wings of wind power generators. The energy source looked at the contradictions caused by environmental pollution in the treatment of waste, although it was environmentally friendly, and investigated how waste was treated and utilized overseas. Compared to other countries that entered the offshore wind power business earlier, domestic power generation projects are in their infancy and should focus on developing technology and co-prosperity with neighboring residents rather than on excessive expansion.
Radical Surgery for Liver Hydatid Cyst
Authors: El Malki Hadj Omar , Souadka Amine , Serji Badr , Benkabbou Amine , Mohsine Raouf , Ifrine Lahsen , Belkouchi Abdelkader
Published: April 2021

Background and aims: Surgery is the basic treatment for liver hydatid cyst (LHC). Radical procedures (pericystectomy (PK) and hepatic resection (HR)) offers better results in selected cases cases than conservative approaches. Aims of this study were to evaluate the results of Radical surgery for LHC and and to determine witch of these two procedures is safe in experienced hepato-biliary surgical unit in endemic countries. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 143 patients with liver hydatid cyst who underwent radical procedures at a single surgical department in an endemic country were reviewed. Mortality, morbidity and recurrence rates have been analyzed. Results: Thirty-two patients (22.4%) had a HR and 111 patients (77.6%) had a PK. Mortality rate was 1.4% (n=2) in HR group. Overall morbidity rate was 18.9% and vs 28.1% respectively in PK and HR group (p=.26). Postoperative bleeding occurred in 1.8% in PK group vs 3.1% in HR group (p=.535) and specific LHC operative complication occurred in 17.1% in PK group vs 28.1% in HR group (p=.167). Recurrence rate of LHC was 6.3% in PK group vs 6.6% in HR group (p=.999) after a median follow up of 108 months (54-144) vs 89 months (44-135) respectively. Conclusion: Radical surgery for LHC is safe. Each of PK and HR had a specific indication. A good screening of patient's guarantied a good outcome. Keywords: Liver, Hydatid Cyst, Morocco, Radical Surgery.
Differentiated approach to the examining children with chest pain
Authors: Berezneva Nataliya A. , Stenina Olga I. , Uglitskikh Andrey K.
Published: April 2021

The aim of this work is to determine the causes of chest pain in children with combined pathology and to develop an examination algorithm for chest pain. Materials and methods. Examined 20 children aged 7-18 years who consulted a pediatrician with pain complaints in the chest. To exclude the cardiac genesis of pain, all patients underwent electrocardiography and echocardiography; the rest of the examinations were prescribed, taking into account the anamnesis and clinical examination data. Results. According to the examination results, most patients were found to have gastrointestinal tract pathology: gastroesophageal reflux disease, chronic gastritis, biliary tract dysfunction. Against the background of adherence to a diet and taking medications prescribed by a gastroenterologist, their pain syndrome subsided, which confirmed the noncardial genesis of thoracalgia. A clinical analysis of cases of combined (cardiac and non-cardiac) pathology was carried out, an algorithm for examining children with chest pain was presented. Discussion. The causes of chest pain in children and the tactics of managing these patients are discussed, the clinical significance of the history and clinical examination data in drawing up a plan for the examination of such patients is determined.
Multimodal anesthesia and analgesia at the stages of the perioperative period in children with abdominal
surgical pathology
Authors: Satvaldieva Elmira A. , Fayziev Otabek Ya. , Yusupov Anvar S.
Published: April 2021

Aim of the study was assess both the effectiveness and safety of anesthetic management and optimizing postoperative anesthesia under conditions of multimodal anesthesia and analgesia during abdominal operations in children. Patients and methods. The authors examined 58 children aged 1 to 17 years with abdominal operations (malformations, diseases, and abdominal organ injuries). To ensure anesthetic protection, patients underwent combined general anesthesia with propofol and fentanil (induction) with inhalation of sevoflurane + propofol intra venous (maintenance) in combination with epidural blockade with bupivacaine. Results. According to surgical intervention, the arrangement of perioperative analgesic protection provided a favorable correction of the hemodynamic status of patients, a decrease in inhalation anesthetic, promoted a smooth course of the postoperative period, a long painless period, an excellent psychoemotional background, and rapid postoperative recovery.
The informative value of assessment of direct serum biomarkers for diagnosis of various stages of liver
fibrosis in children
Authors: Kulebina Elena A. , Surkov Andrey N. , Fisenko Andrey P. , Potapov Alexander S. , Alyabeva Natalya M. , Zubkova Irina V. , Zhuzhula Anastasia A.
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Serum concentrations of collagens I, III, IV types (K-I, K-III, K-IV) and hyaluronic acid (HA) are reported to be informative in terms of noninvasive diagnosis liver fibrosis stages. In pediatrics, there is not enough data on this. Purpose was to assess the diagnostic value of direct biomarkers in predicting the stage of fibrosis in children with chronic liver diseases (CLD). Materials and methods. A prospective single-center study included 80 children with CLD . All patients underwent marginal resection of liver tissue under laparoscopic control. The serum K-I, K-IV, and HA concentration were measured by enzyme immunoassay. The authors applied ROC curve analysis to assess quantitative signs’ diagnostic significance in predicting a specific outcome. Results.The optimal KI value for the diagnosis of cirrhosis was 144.24 ng/ml, with AUROC: 0.758 ± 0.101 with 95% CI: 0.560-0.957, sensitivity and specificity 65.2% and 77.8%, respectively. The optimal K-IV values for the diagnosis of moderate fibrosis and cirrhosis were 11.29 ng/ml and 27.40 ng/ml, respectively, with AUROC 0.807 ± 0.092 with 95% CI: 0.627-0.987, 0.685 ± 0.062 with 95% CI: 0.567-0.810, sensitivity 82.4% and 61.15%, specificity 66.7%, and 64.7%, respectively. The optimal BG values for the diagnosis of weak and moderate fibrosis were 34.9 ng/ml and 36.5 ng/ml, for cirrhosis 38.3 ng/ml, with AUROC 0.912 ± 0.050 with 95% CI: 0.815-1.00; 0.849 ± 0.064 with 95% CI: 0.723-0.974, and 0.825 ± 0.048 with 95% CI: 0.730-0.920, respectively. Sensitivity was 84.6% at all stages, specificity - 77.8%, 61.5% and 70.6%, respectively. Conclusions. LF biomarkers have diagnostic significance in the detection of the stages of liver fibrosis. LF biomarkers are informative, reproducible noninvasive indices in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis in children.
INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF BALANCED SCORECARD ON PERFORMANCE OF BUSINESS: A STUDY BASED ON THE BANKING SECTOR OF PAKISTAN
Authors:   Institute of Business and Technology, Karachi., Tariq Muhammad
Published: April 2021

Purpose: This study is made with objective to investigate the practicability and effectiveness of setting and implementing the Balance Scorecard (BSC) in improving the overall performance of an organization. Methodology/Sampling: The Multiple Regression has been deployed to analyze the survey results. The BSC model has been formulated on the bases of five Perspectives: financial, internal control, learning and growth, customers and Vision and Strategy. Findings: The findings of the study suggest that implementation of Balance scorecard models in Banks provide favorable outcomes in perspectives of financial, internal control, learning and growth and customers. Financial Perspective of BSC greatly influences the Banks’ performance. Further, setting the standards for customer preferences to pursue the customers to be loyal with Bank. Practical Implications: The outcome of this study provides a framework and importance of application of Balance Scorecard in Banking Industry. The other Industry may also take benefit of this study.
PLS-SEM STATISTICAL PROGRAMS: A REVIEW
Authors: Memon Mumtaz Ali , T. Ramayah , Cheah Jun-Hwa , Ting Hiram , Chuah Francis , Cham Tat Huei
Published: April 2021

Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) is one of the most widely used methods of multivariate data analysis. Although previous research has discussed different aspects of PLS-SEM, little has been done to explain the attributes of the various PLS-SEM statistical applications. The objective of this editorial is to discuss the multiple PLS-SEM applications, including SmartPLS, WarpPLS, and ADANCO. It is written based on information received from the developers via emails as well as our ongoing understanding and experience of using these applications. We hope this editorial will serve as a manual for users to understand the unique characteristics of each PLS-SEM application and make informed decisions on the most appropriate application for their research.
Amalan Kepimpinan Instruksional Guru Besar dan Hubungannya dengan Tanggapan Sokongan Organisasi Guru-Guru Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Tamil
Authors: Vadiappan Anpalakan , Mydin Al-Amin , Ali Abdul Jalil
Published: April 2021

Kewibawaan pemimpin dan sokongan organisasi merupakan faktor asas kecemerlangan sesebuah organisasi pendidikan. Oleh itu, kepimpinan instruksional dikaji di seluruh dunia dan semakin popular dalam dunia pendidikan. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM) juga telah menyeru agar pemimpin sekolah untuk mengamalkan kepimpinan instruksional sebagai salah satu model dalam menerajui sekolah-sekolah di negara ini. Menyedari akan kepentingan ini, kajian ini dilaksanakan bertujuan untuk memahami amalan kepimpinan instruksional guru besar dan tanggapan sokongan organisasi di Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Tamil (SJKT). Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk tinjauan jenis kuantitatif yang menggunakan Principal Instructional Management Rating Scale (PIMRS) dan Survey of Perceived Organizational Support (SPOS) untuk mengumpul data. Seramai 210 orang guru terlatih yang berkhidmat di 19 buah SJKT di negeri Pulau Pinang telah mengambil bahagian dalam kajian ini. Data kajian dianalisis menggunakan perisian Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) versi 26. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa amalan kepimpinan guru besar dan tanggapan sokongan organisasi guru berada pada tahap tinggi. Ujian-t sampel bebas mendedahkan bahawa terdapat perbezaan dalam amalan kepimpinan instruksional guru besar berdasarkan jantina guru dan lokasi sekolah. Manakala, ujian ANOVA sehala pula tidak menunjukkan sebarang perbezaan berdasarkan umur guru. Seterusnya, tanggapan sokongan organisasi guru SJKT pula, menunjukkan wujud perbezaan skor min dalam jantina guru dan lokasi sekolah. Dapatan ujian korelasi Pearson turut mendedahkan bahawa tidak ada hubungan antara amalan kepimpinan instruksional guru besar dengan tanggapan sokongan organisasi guru-guru SJKT. Secara keseluruhannya, dapat disimpulkan bahawa amalan kepimpinan instruksional guru besar bukan faktor mutlak yang menentukan tanggapan sokongan organisasi guru-guru SJKT negeri Pulau Pinang. Faktor-faktor lain masih berpengaruh dalam menentukan tahap tanggapan sokongan organisasi guru-guru SJKT.
Penggunaan E-Pembelajaran dan Kesannya Terhadap Kesejahteraan Kakitangan Akademik di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi di Sabah
Authors: Kee Mohd Yussof Kee.Y.Sabariah Bte Kee Mohd Yussof , Ahmad Mahadirin , Md Shah Jalihah , Foo Jurry , Daud Ramlah , Hafizi Md , Liew Thor Seng
Published: April 2021

E-Pembelajaran adalah kaedah pembelajaran dengan menggunakan informasi teknologi dalam pemindahan pengetahuan, pembelajaran dan latihan dalam pendidikan moden. Sejajar dengan perkembangan teknologi dan dunia tanpa sempadan, pelbagai usaha dilakukan untuk memperkenalkan sistem E-Pembelajaran dalam sistem pembelajaran universiti di Malaysia. Pemindahan pengetahuan, aktiviti pembelajaran, kuliah dan tutorial tidak terhad kepada pertemuan bersemuka atau kuliah secara tradisional antara para pensyarah dan pelajar malah boleh dilakukan melalui blanded learning (BL). Walau bagaimanapun perkembangan ini mempengaruhi kesejahteraan dalam pekerjaan kakitangan akademik. Kajian rintis (pendekatan kuantitatif) yang dilakukan dalam kalangan kakitangan akademik di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi (IPT) awam dan swasta di Sabah menunjukkan Model Unified Theory of Acceptance And Use Of Technology (UTAUT) boleh digunakan sebagai peramal kepada tingkah laku menggunakan e–pembelajaran kakitangan akademik. Hasil kajian mendapati faktor kondisi kemudahan dan sokongan peralatan teknologi mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap penerimaan penggunaan E-Pembelajaran dalam aktiviti pembelajaran harian. Walau bagaimanapun kajian ini mendapati amalan E-Pembelajaran mempengaruhi kebimbangan kakitangan akademik dan menerbitkan perasaan takut ketinggalan dalam memahami sistem teknologi pendidikan pada masa kini. Kajian ini membuka jalan kepada penyelidikan
Elemen Membuat Rasionalisasi Menggunakan Sumber Sejarah
Authors: Kisson Siti Kisni
Published: April 2021

Kajian ini meneroka pembinaan Kemahiran Pemikiran Sejarah (KPS) untuk elemen membuat rasionalisasi dengan menggunakan sumber sejarah. Model pemikiran sejarah yang mengetengahkan proses kontekstualisasi dan pengesahan bukti diintegrasikan dengan sumber sejarah dalam bentuk teks. Tiga sumber sejarah berkaitan dengan tajuk perjuangan Mat Salleh menentang pendudukan British di Sabah pada abad ke-19 telah digunakan. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan reka bentuk kajian kes kolektif. Empat belas pelajar dari dua buah sekolah menengah kebangsaan harian di Sabah, menjadi sampel kajian. Kaedah pengumpulan data kualitatif adalah melalui kaedah pemerhatian, temu bual kumpulan berfokus dan analisis dokumen. Didapati majoriti daripada 14 pelajar dapat membina elemen membuat rasionalisasi. Elemen membuat rasionalisasi dapat memberikan gambaran perbandingan kehidupan masyarakat dahulu dan masa kini. Dapatan lain menunjukkan para pelajar boleh meneroka persamaan kehidupan masyarakat dahulu dan masa kini; meneroka perbezaan dalam kehidupan masyarakat dahulu dan kini; serta menganalisis punca-punca penentangan Mat Salleh. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan pembelajaran menggunakan sumber sejarah dapat membantu para pelajar membina KPS dengan elemen membuat rasionalisasi.
EXPLORATION OF THE EASTERN GATE AND FORTRESS WALLS OF THE MEDIEVAL CITY OF SYGANAK
Authors: ZHETIBAYEV K , SYZDYKOV B , BAKHTYBAYEV M , GURSOY M
Published: April 2021

The article, based on medieval historical sources and research conducted on the medieval city of Sygnak, provides a brief overview of the role and significance of the city in the history of the Kazakh nation.One of the major centers on the Great Silk Road, the most important city on the Syr Darya, Sygnak has long been a well-developed culture, economy, crafts and trade, agriculture and cattle breeding.In the XI–XIII centuries it was known as one of the centers of the Kypchak Khanate, in the XIV–XV centuries it was the capital of Ak Orda, and in the XV–XVI centuries it was the capital of the Kazakh Khanate, becoming the political and economic center of the khanate. The defensive system of the medieval city of Sygnak, including the fortified walls with gates, has not been sufficiently studied, therefore, within the framework of this topic, we decided to conduct research work, identify the specifics of the city's defensive system and introduce it into scientific circulation.The article examines the results of archaeological research carried out at the medieval settlement of Syganak, analyzes the architectural features of the eastern gates and fortress walls of the city, manufacturing technology and building materials. In addition, a comparative analysis of the Signak gate with the gates of medieval cities in the region was carried out and additional scientific conclusions were drawn. Based on field data obtained during the excavations, the chronology of the eastern gate and fortress walls was determined.
THE IMPORTANCE OF NATIONAL IDENTITY AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: ABDRASSİLOV T , NURMATOV Zh , KALDYBAY K
Published: April 2021

This study intends to explore the salience of national identity for young people from the perspective of ‘commitment and loyalty’ to their nation. The uniqueness of this study is that it provides the opportunity to observe the salience of civic, ethnic, and cultural features of national identity in Kazakhstan.This article has examined the importance of national identity theoretically and critically reviewed the literature on this theme. For the case study, a small survey was conducted in order to evaluate the role of inclusion in shaping national identity among young students.An academic implication of this research entails further research on the salience of belonging and sense of attachment to national identity among young people in other cosmopolitan cities of Kazakhstan, such as Almaty, Nur-Sultan and Atyrau, where the effect of globalisation is more prevalent and the Kazakh customs and traditions less noticeable in order to make a comparative evaluation.In this context, the authors consider the importance of national identity for young individuals by analysing the theories on nations and nationalism, specifically emphasising the relation between individuals and their nations. Analysis is complemented by a short survey on the subject of national identity, which was carried out among students of the Kazakh-Turkish International University in Turkistan, Kazakhstan.
Analisis Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Bank Sampah Garuda Wastu Lestari
Authors: Anggreni Putri
Published: April 2021

Research conducted at Waste Bank Garuda Wastu Lestari is located in the Peguyangan Village, Denpasar was done in order to analyze the environmental factors that affect the internal and external business development of waste bank and formulate alternative strategies that can be applied by Waste Bank Garuda Wastu Lestari. Determination of respondent committed intentionally with a specific purpose (pusposive sampling). Respondents in this study consisted of four respondents from the management company. Questionnaires conducted to analyze the internal and external environment. Determination of strategic alternatives conducted using SWOT Matrix and prioritization strategy that can be applied at this time adapted to the position of Waste Bank Garuda Wastu Lestari in the competition. SWOT analysis of the diagram looks that the company is in cell 1, in the cell Aggressive Strategy. While the outcome of the preparation through the SWOT Matrix are eleven alternative strategies that can be applied by Waste Bank Garuda Wastu Lestari. Priority strategy selection can be done by looking at the company's position in the current competition is with Strategy SO (Strength-Opportunity), utilizing the strength to seize the opportunities that exist. Thus the right business priorities do is: 1) to maintain and improve the quality of care produced; 2) maintain and enhance good relations with employees, customers, and the agency or agencies; 3) maintain and improve the promotion and dissemination activities; and 4) improve cooperation and networking of waste bank.
Pengaruh Motivasi, Kepemimpinan Dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Wangaya Kota Denpasar
Authors: Murdani Ni Ketut , Sucandrawati Ni Luh Ketut Ayu Sudha , Usadha I Dewa Nyoman
Published: April 2021

The success of the company is strongly influenced by the performance of its employees. Good performance is the optimal performance, that is, performance that conforms to the organization's standards and supports the achievement of organizational goals. Each company will strive to always improve the performance of its employees in order to achieve the goals set by the company.The purpose of this study are: 1) To determine the effect of motivation on employee performance Wangaya Denpasar Hospital; 2) To know the influence of leadership on employee performance of RSUD Wangaya Denpasar City; 3) To know the influence of work discipline on employee performance of Wangaya Hospital Denpasar City; and 4) To find out whether the motivation, leadership and work discipline affect together on the performance of employees of Wangaya Hospital Denpasar City. Data Analysis Method used in this research is quantitative data analysis and analyze by using program of SPSS ( Statistical Package for Social Science) for windows version 21.The result of this research is that the motivation has no significant effect to the employee performance at RSUD Wangaya Kota Denpasar of 0,111 or 11% where significant value 0,106 or bigger than level of significant (α) 0,05 Leadership significant to employee performance at RSUD Wangaya Denpasar city sebersar 0,210 or 21% where significant value 0.000 or smaller than level of significant (α) 0,05. Work discipline has no significant effect on employee performance at RSUD Wangaya Kota Denpasar of 0,051 or 5% where significant value 0,477 or bigger than level of significant (α) 0,05. Motivation, leadership and work discipline together affect the performance of employees of Wangaya Hospital Denpasar City of 0.67 or 67% of the rest by 33% influenced by the variable not examined in this study. Where the significance value is 0.000 or smaller than the 0.05 level of significant (α)  0,05.
PENGARUH KONFLIK PERAN GANDA DAN STRESS KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PERAWAT
Authors: Yudhaningsih Ni Made
Published: April 2021

Abstrak – Tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh konflik peran ganda terhadap kinerja dengan dimoderasi stress kerja pada perawat RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini yakni non-probability sampling dengan  Purposive Sampling. Untuk menguji pengaruh moderasi dari stress kerja data dianalisis dengan menggunakan MRA (ModeratedRegression Analysis). Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa stress kerja memoderasi hubungan antara peran ganda pada variabel Work-Family Conflictsebesar (-)0,026 dan Family-Work Conlict sebesar (-)0,025 terhadap kinerja perawat. Akhirnya RSUP Sanglah Denpasar diharapkan dapat membuat kebijakan-kebijakan yang dapat memfasilitasi kebutuhan perawat wanita seperti waktu kerja yang fleksibel untuk jenis pekerjaan tertentu, terdapat jadwal kerja alternatif dan kebijakan ijin keluarga.
МЕМЛЕКЕТТІК ҚЫЗМЕТТЕГІ КАДР ПОТЕНЦИАЛЫ
Authors: Kurumbayeva Dinara
Published: April 2021

Мақала мемлекеттік қызметшілерді қайта даярлау және біліктілігін арттыру жүйесі арқылы мемлекеттік аппараттың кадр әлеуетін қалыптастыру процесінің маңызды аспектісі туралы баяндалады. Мақалада елдегі мемлекеттік қызметтің кадр саясатының жалпы мәселелері, сондай-ақ шет елдердегі мемлекеттік қызметті кадрмен қамтамасыз етудің үздік тәжірибелері талқыланады. Сондай-ақ, біздің елімізде кадр әлеуетін қалыптастырудың ең маңызды мәселелері тұжырымдалады. Мемлекеттік қызметшілерді қайта даярлау және олардың біліктілігін арттыру жүйесінің тиімділігіне зерттеу жүргізу мемлекеттік аппараттың кадрлық әлеуетін қалыптастыру құралдарының бірі болып табылады. Жұмыстың мақсаты – мемлекеттік аппараттың кадрлық әлеуетін қалыптастыру үшін мемлекеттік қызметшілерді қайта даярлау және біліктілігін арттыру жүйесінің тиімділігін зерттеу. Мақсатқа жету үшін мемлекеттік қызметшілерді қайта даярлаудың және олардың біліктілігін арттырудың қазіргі тәжірибесі, сонымен қатар мемлекеттік қызметшілердің біліктілігін арттыру мен қайта даярлаудың қолданыстағы нормативті құжаттары талданады.Осылайша, мемлекеттік қызметшілерді қайта даярлау және біліктілігін арттыру жүйесінің мемлекеттік аппараттың кадрлық әлеуетіне әсерін қарастырузерттеу пәні болып табылады. Зерттеудің пәні, мақсаты мен міндетіне сәйкес зерттеудің негізгі гипотезасы кадр әлеуетін қалыптастырудағы қайта даярлау мен біліктілікті арттырудың қазіргі тәжірибесінің рөлінің маңыздылығы.