bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Congenital CMV induced neonatal cholestasis: A case report
Authors:   Postgraduate Student, Department of Pediatrics, SGT Medical College, Hospital & Research Institute, Budhera, Gurugram, Haryana, India., kumari Reena , Richa Richa ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, SGT Medical College, Hospital & Research Institute, Budhera, Gurugram, Haryana, India., Sharma Shashi ,   Professor, Department of Pediatrics, SGT Medical College, Hospital & Research Institute, Budhera, Gurugram, Haryana., Rana Lakshay ,   Postgraduate Student, Department of Pediatrics, SGT Medical College, Hospital & Research Institute, Budhera, Gurugram, Haryana, India., Shikha Sadadiwala ,   Postgraduate Student, Department of Pediatrics, SGT Medical College, Hospital & Research Institute, Budhera, Gurugram, Haryana, India., George Antan ,   Postgraduate Student, Department of Pediatrics, SGT Medical College, Hospital & Research Institute, Budhera, Gurugram, Haryana, India.
Published: September 2022

Cholestatic jaundice in the neonatal period becomes difficult to diagnose because of complex and diverse etiology. The Index case was severe IUGR (intrauterine growth restriction), with a maternal history of infection and leaking per vaginum. The baby cried immediately at birth but was very low birth weight and short for gestation. Soon after birth, the baby developed respiratory distress and had poor activity. The baby was diagnosed of having hyaline membrane disease and early onset of neonatal sepsis and was managed appropriately. Later the baby developed conjugate neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and sepsis was taken as a cause of it and obstructive causes were ruled out. But the baby was not responding well to the treatment and the liver function test remained deranged, so is presented as a diagnostic challenge. The ultrasonography of the abdomen was normal. TORCH (Toxoplasma gondii, Other agents, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus) profile of the baby was sent which turned out to be positive for Cytomegalovirus (CMV). The viral load was high. Hence the baby was treated with Ganciclovir and the baby responded remarkably with the liver enzymes getting reverted to normal and viral load subsequently reduced to zilch. The infant started thriving well and no apparent associated neurological manifestations of the disease were seen in the baby. Currently, the baby is on regular follow-up. The difficulties experienced in the identification of CMV leading to delay in the management of the newborn as well as the positive outcome with Ganciclovir therapy are highlighted in this article. Our goal of reporting this case is to raise pediatricians’ and other stakeholders’ awareness of congenital CMV infection to ensure early detection and appropriate treatment of affected babies, with the ultimate goal of improving their prognosis and preventing the associated audiological and cognitive sequelae. Keywords: Cholestasis; Cytomegalovirus; Gancyclovir.
A new diagnostic paradigm for Erythromelanosis Follicularis Faciei et Colli: Dermoscopic and reflectance confocal microscopic features
Authors:   Dermatology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford, 81 00133 Rome, Italy, Diluvio Laura
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Erythromelanosis Follicularis Faciei et Colli is a rare variant of Kerastosis pilaris, characterized by a clinical triad of erythema, hyperpigmentation and follicular papules involving bilaterally cheeks, preauricular and maxillary areas of young male or, more rarely, female patients Case presentation: A 21-year-old Caucasian woman presented symmetrical patches of hyperpigmentation, erythema with microscopic telangiectasias and tiny follicular papules involving cheeks, preauricular and maxillary areas, forehead, pinna and neck since childhood. Lesions were asymptomatic but caused profound cosmetic disfigurement and had a negative impact on her social life. The patient underwent a non-invasive diagnostic procedure with epiluminescence and confocal microscopy. Dermoscopic examination revealed prominent yellowwhitish follicular keratotic plugging over a reddish background with short fine telangiectasia in the perifollicular and interfollicular areas. Furthermore, RCM features displayed the presence of enlarged the presence of enlarged follicular openings, absence of demodex mites within the follicles and slight infundibular hyperkeratosis. At the level of the epidermal-dermal junction hyperpigmentation of the epithelial basal cell layer and dilation of dermal capillaries inside dermal papillae were observed, correlating to typical histological features of EFFC. Our patient benefited from the topical use of tretinoin 0.05% cream, with attenuation of the instrumental pictures. Conclusion: Characteristic plugging over a reddish background and morphological features revealed by RCM may be helpful for assessment and monitoring in patients with EFFC. Starting from the observation of this case we would like to underline the importance of a noninvasive diagnostic procedure and an effective therapy for such a rare condition. Keywords: Erythromelanosis Follicularis Faciei et Colli; Erythromelanosis Follicularis Faciei diagnosis; Dermoscopy; In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy.
Garcin syndrome caused by rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis
Authors:   Department of Emergency Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan., Chien Ju Ying , Hu Sung Yuan ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan., Wang Ren Ching ,   Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung, Taiwan.
Published: September 2022

Total paralysis of all or near all unilateral cranial nerves indicates Garcin syndrome. Garcin syndrome caused by Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis (ROCM) complicating with cerebral infarction has been reported rarely. ROCM is an opportunistic fungal infection with high morbidity and mortality rates despite treatment due to acute angioinvasive infections. We report the case of a 69-year-old female, with a history of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM), who presented Garcin syndrome caused by ROCM.
“Milking” the way to diagnosis
Authors:   Centro Hospitalar do Baixo Vouga EPE, Aveiro, Portugal., Vasconcelos Andreína , Rodrigues Bárbara ,   Centro Hospitalar do Baixo Vouga EPE, Aveiro, Portugal., Ferreira Pedro ,   Centro Hospitalar do Baixo Vouga EPE, Aveiro, Portugal.
Published: September 2022

A 43-year-old non-smoker man presented to the emergency department with exertional dyspnoea and left pleuritic pain for 3 days. He denied fever or cough. He had history of pulmonary embolism, deep venous thrombosis and multiple opportunistic infections. At presentation, his oxygen saturation was 94% with venturi mask at 31% and lung auscultation showed basal crackles. He had no signs of peripheral oedema or deep venous thrombosis. Inflammatory parameters were within normal range. High-resolution chest computed tomography showed diffuse ground-glass opacities with interlobular and intralobular septal thickening — a pattern described as “crazy paving” (Panel A). Bronchoscopy yielded milky appearing lavage fluid (Panel B) and pathological testing revealed proteinaceous material positive on periodic acid–Schiff staining. These findings confirmed a diagnosis of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP). He underwent volume lavage of both lungs sequentially. At 6-month follow-up, he still maintained substantial improvement, with oxygen saturation of 94% in ambient air. PAP is a rare pulmonary disease caused by impaired surfactant turnover [1]. Although the crazy paving pattern is often associated with PAP [1], it’s not specific and can be seen in other conditions, including acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary haemorrhage, organizing pneumonia, lipoid pneumonia and infections like Pneumocystis jirovecii [2] and SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.
Rare case of Marchiafava Bignami Disease (MBD)
Authors:   Department of Radiology, Hospital of Specialty, CHU Ibn-Sina, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Abdillahi Wais Amarkak , Mohamed Ali Daoud ,   Department of Radiology, Hospital of Specialty, CHU Ibn-Sina, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Yassin Madina Rabileh ,   Department of Radiology, Hospital of Specialty, CHU Ibn-Sina, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Bizimana Wilson ,   Department of Radiology, Hospital of Specialty, CHU Ibn-Sina, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Fikri Meriem ,   Department of Radiology, Hospital of Specialty, CHU Ibn-Sina, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Ech-Chrifel Kettani Najwa ,   Department of Radiology, Hospital of Specialty, CHU Ibn-Sina, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Jiddane Mohamed ,   Department of Radiology, Military Instructions Hospital Mohamed V. Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Touarsa Firdaous ,   Department of Radiology, Military Instructions Hospital Mohamed V. Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
Published: September 2022

We report a case of a 45-year-old patient with a history of severe alcoholism who presented to the emergency department an impaired unconscious and weakness with upper and lower limbs. The patient was referred to our department for an MRI investigation. MRI showed abnormalities signal in the corpus callosum. The disease is due to a deficiency of each type of vitamin B, can be the result of necrosis and demyelination of the corpus callosum and later involves the genu and splenium. Keywords: Marchiafava Bignami Disease; Corpus Callosum; MRI.
Intraosseous hydatid cyst
Authors:   Department of Radiology, CHU Ibn-sina, Mohamed V University, Rabat Morocco., Abdillahi Wais Amarkak , Mohamed Ali Daoud ,   Department of Radiology, CHU Ibn-sina, Mohamed V University, Rabat Morocco., Rostoum Soufiane ,   Department of Radiology, CHU Ibn-sina, Mohamed V University, Rabat Morocco., Bakkari Assad El ,   Department of Radiology, CHU Ibn-sina, Mohamed V University, Rabat Morocco., Jrondi Laila ,   Department of Radiology, CHU Ibn-sina, Mohamed V University, Rabat Morocco., Laamrani Fatima-Zahra ,   Department of Radiology, CHU Ibn-sina, Mohamed V University, Rabat Morocco.
Published: September 2022

Hydatidosis is a parasitic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus or echinococcal tænia, preferentially localized in the lung (20 to 30%) and in the liver (60 to 70%). Intraosseous localization is extremely rare. Imaging features takes a very important place for the diagnosis and therapeutic management such as ultrasound, CT and MRI. MRI shows a large, well-limited and multiloculated cystic mass in cotyloid cavity, with daughter vesicles in hypo-intensity T1-weighted, hyperintensity T2-weighted with low diffusion coefficient and no contrast enhancement after injection of gadolinium. This mass causes a breach of cortex and extension to the adjacent soft tissue.
Transbiliary embolization of an iatrogenic porto-biliary fistula, a challenging complication
Authors:   Radiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, 08907 Barcelona, Spain., José Joana Valcarcel , Freiburghaus Daniel Pittí ,   Radiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, 08907 Barcelona, Spain., Pinar Albert Castillo ,   Radiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, 08907 Barcelona, Spain., Joudanin Seijo Jonathan R ,   Radiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.
Published: September 2022

Portobiliary fistulas are a rare complication of percutaneous transhepatic biliary procedures that could result in hemorrhage or sepsis. Hence we present a case of a transhepatic biliary drainage insertion in a patient with an underlying Bismuth type IV cholangiocarcinoma which resulted in a portobiliary fistula. Portobiliary fistula management is controversial. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, there are few cases in the English literature reporting successful treatment. This case was successfully managed by controlled transbiliary embolization of a portal branch without compromising the main portal vein or bile ducts. Keywords: Biliary procedures; Cholangiocarcinoma; Embolization; Complications.
Necrotizing fasciitis of the neck: A rare diagnostic emergency
Authors:   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Coimbra University Hospital, Coimbra, Portugal., Eloi Isa , Gonçalves Joana ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Coimbra University Hospital, Coimbra, Portugal., Silva Nuno ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Coimbra University Hospital, Coimbra, Portugal., Ribeiro João Carlos ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Coimbra University Hospital, Coimbra, Portugal., Miguéis Jorge ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Coimbra University Hospital, Coimbra, Portugal.
Published: September 2022

A 76-year-old male, with no prior medical history, was referred to our hospital due to odynophagia and fever with 3 days, sudden worsening with dyspnea, drooling, edema and anterior neck pain. Physical examination revealed tachypnea, trismus, halitosis, bulging of the pharyngeal lateral walls and salivary stasis. No evidence of peritonsillar abscess or tonsil exudate was observed. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the neck revealed an organized collection involving both parapharyngeal and retropharyngeal with air bubbles and edema of the surrounding tissues (Figure 1). The patient was immediately admitted, started empiric broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy and submitted to an emergent surgical drainage. After securing the airway with tracheotomy, a trans-cervical drainage was performed. The drained pus had a grayish color and a foul smell. Necrotic tissue of fascia and sternocleidomastoid muscle were removed, as much as possible, without compromising vital structures. The cervical spaces were irrigated with a diluted solution of povidone-iodine and hydrogen peroxide. Penrose drains were placed and the skin was “loosely” approximated with minimal sutures. (Figure 2). Microbiology of the pus culture revealed the presence of Streptococcus constellatus, Eikenella corrodens, Prevotella buccae and Parvimonas micra.
Damage control surgery for perforated retroperitoneal diverticulitis causing a pyomyositis
Authors:   Servicio de Cirugía General y Digestiva del Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga. España, MP Gutiérrez Delgado , P Fernández Galeano ,   Servicio de Cirugía General y Digestiva del Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga. España, A González Sánchez ,   Servicio de Cirugía General y Digestiva del Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga. España, JM Aranda Narváez ,   Servicio de Cirugía General y Digestiva del Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga. España, J Santoyo Santoyo ,   Servicio de Cirugía General y Digestiva del Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga. España
Published: September 2022

Damage Control Surgery (DCS) is an appropriate approach to the treatment of critically ill patients with severe intraabdominal sepsis. DCS is not a surgical manoeuvre but an alternative treatment mode to primary definitive surgical care. Diverticular perforation is a common complication of diverticulitis and can lead to the creation of abscesses. A retroperitoneal abscess from colonic perforation is an unusual event, that can lead to misdiagnosis due to absence of peritoneal irritation. It requires a high index of clinical suspicion and radiological studies are needed. We present the case of a septic shock due to a perforated retroperitoneal diverticulitis also causing a pyomyositis. A DCS was performed, consisting in a sigmoidectomy, drainage of retroperitoneal infection, necrotizing pyomyositis debridement and leaving a temporary abdominal closure with the assistance of negativepressure therapy, to control the focus of the infection and in a second stage by performing a definitive surgery.
Pleural plaques
Authors:   Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn NY 11203, USA., Al-Halawani Moh’d , Abdeen Yazan ,   Pulmonary Department, Saint Michael’s Medical Center, Seton Hall University School of Health and Medical Sciences, Newark, NJ 07102, USA., Froessl Luise ,   Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Published: September 2022

A 55-year-old male, with past history of COPD, presented with progressive shortness of breath of five days duration, associated with cough and increased sputum production. He had a 30 pack year smoking history and worked as a clerk in a plumbing store for two decades. On examination, he was afebrile, breathing at 20 /min with Oxygen saturation of 91% on 2 liters of oxygen. He was also tachycardic at 104 /min. Chest exam revealed fair air entry bilaterally with diffuse wheezing and a prolonged expiratory phase. Initial laboratory workup was within normal limits. His chest X-ray showed bilateral extensive opacity in the mid-lower zones, and hyperinflation. An axial CT scan was done (Figure 1).
A review of the applications of CRISPR/Cas systems in crops and postharvest losses of agricultural produce
Authors: Joseph Ikwebe  , Job Itanyi Onuche
Published: September 2022

CRISPR/Cas systems are the third-generation genome editing systems, which appeared in 2012 and quickly became a superstar in genome editing tools because of their great simplicity and usability compared to with ZFN and TALEN. CRISPR/Cas was originally identified as an effective acquired immune system in bacteria against virus infection and relies on RNA–DNA binding to achieve sequence specificity in genome editing. CRISPR/Cas9 system has become widely used in plants for characterizing gene function and crop improvement. Crops such as tomato, rice, banana and wheat are excellent model plants for biological research and are most important applied plants for genome editing. Genome editing has also been applied in plant breeding for improving fruit yield and quality, increasing stress resistance, accelerating the domestication of wild tomato, and recently customizing tomato cultivars for urban agriculture. In addition, genome editing is continuously innovating, and several new genome editing systems such as the recent prime editing, a breakthrough in precise genome editing, have recently been applied in plants. In this review, the advances in applications of CRISPR/Cas systems genome editing technology to enhance specific features in plants in order to mitigate postharvest losses and wastes are summarized.
Investigation of flame retardancy properties of polypropylene-colemanite and intumescent flame retardant additive blends
Authors: Kahraman Merve , Kızılcan Nilgün
Published: September 2022

Polypropylene (PP) represents a considerable proportion of polyolefins (PO) used in different industrial applications such as automobile components, textiles, packaging, insulation, medical devices, various housewares and household appliances due to its efficient cost, desirable mechanical, thermal and electrical properties, easy processability and recyclability. Because of its carbonaceous structure, PP is a highly flammable material with a LOI value of 18 that presents serious fire hazard. In this research, Intumescent flame retardant (IFR) and colemanite were added to polypropylene to compose 30% of the total mass of the polymeric compounds and the synergistic effect of colemanite with intumescent flame retardant (IFR) additive in PP was investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), glow wire test (GWT), UL-94 test and mechanical properties measurements. The LOI, UL 94 and glow wire test results showed that colemanite had a significant effect on flame retardancy and LOI value which can reach to 37.6 % with loading level of 2 wt.% colemanite at the total amount of flame retardant additives kept constant at 30 wt.%. Additionally, the PP/IFR compounds passed UL 94 V0 rating and both 750 °C and 850 °C glow wire tests and with 2-8 wt.% colemanite loading. According to TGA analyses, the results indicated that colemanite improved the thermal stability of PP/IFR compounds and also promoted the formation of char layer. When colemanite mineral added to polypropylene without IFR system, it has no effect on flame retardancy properties of polypropylene. When all properties have been taken into consideration, colemanite can be used up to 6 wt% in IFR.
Mathematical modelling and simulation investigation of the dynamic behaviour of a compliant 2-R robot by using N-E method Via Matlab/Simulink
Authors: Brahim Fernini
Published: September 2022

This paper presents a mathematical modeling and simulation investigation on the effect of the equilibrium position on the stability and the energy provided by the robot by proposing four simulation cases. No closed solution for this critical study has been reported. An explicit elbow down model of a 2-R robot has been modelled by adding passive springs. The authors in this paper develop the dynamic of a compliant 2-R robot by using the extended Newton-Euler (N-E) method. The dynamic simulation is investigated by using Matlab/Simulink based on motion with jerk zero at the start-stop path, which guarantees less vibration to the robot’s articulations. The simulation of trajectory is realized by SolidWorks to import the results to Matlab/Simulink for the dynamical simulation. The simulation results show that the energy-saving and good robot stability can be achieved whenever the equilibrium position is close from the beginning of motion with avoiding the unstable phase of the robot during working.
Belirli Süreyle Temettü Dağıtan Şirketlerin Performanslarının İkili Üstünlük Algoritmaları İle Analizi: Oreste Uygulaması
Authors: GÜNAY Burhan
Published: September 2022

Yatırımcıların pay sahibi olduğu şirketlerden elde edebilecekleri en önemli haklardan birisi kâr payı hakkıdır. Pay senedi sahiplerinin bu haklarından doğan alacakları kâr payı tutarı, şirketlerin oluşturdukları temettü politikaları çerçevesinde oluşmaktadır. Şirketlerin uygulayacağı temettü politikalarından şirketlerin değerleri ve performansları etkilenebilmektedir. Şirketin dönemsel faaliyetlerinin sonucunda oluşan mali tablolarda açıklanan kârın, hissedarlara dağıtılıp dağıtılmayacağı, temettü dağıtım oranı ve kâr payı ödeme şeklinin nasıl olacağı şirket tarafından verilmesi gereken önemli kararlardan sayılmaktadır. Bu kararların sonucunda şirketin temettü dağıtım politikaları belirlenmektedir. Şirketlerin temettü dağıtım politikalarını belirlerken hedeflerinden birisi de şirket değerini en yüksek seviyeye ulaştırmaktır. Literatürde temettü politikası ile şirket değeri ve performansı arasında birçok çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada literatürdeki çalışmalardan farklı olarak Borsa İstanbul (BİST)’da yer alan ve son beş yıl düzenli temettü dağıtan şirketlerin performanslarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla 19 şirketin 2018-2020 yılları arasındaki verilerinden yararlanarak, ilgili yıllar için ikili üstünlük algoritmalarına sahip ORESTE yöntemi ile şirketlerin performans sıralaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda başarılı ve başarısız şirketlere ait sıralama sonuçları sunulmuştur.
Haklı Savaş Geleneğinde Savaş Sonrası Adalet (Jus Post Bellum)
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Erdinç
Published: September 2022

Savaş ve etik konularını ele alan haklı savaş kuramı, savaşın yıkıcılığını kısıtlamak, sivillere verilen zararı en aza indirmek, mülklere ve çevreye gereksiz zararı önlemek ve muhariplere karşı şiddeti sınırlamak için savaşın başlatılmasına ve yürütülmesine yine ondan türetilen standartları uygulamaktadır. Haklı savaş teorisinin temel önermesi, bazen devletlerin savaşa girme konusunda ahlaki olarak haklı olabileceğidir. Amacı ise, bir savaşın adil sayılabilmesi için tümünün karşılanması gereken bir dizi kriter aracılığıyla o savaşın ahlaki olarak haklı gösterilmesini sağlamaktır. Geleneksel olarak iki kategoriye ayrılmaktadır: jus ad bellum (savaşı başlatmanın ne zaman haklı olduğu) ve jus in bello (başladıktan sonra savaşın nasıl olması gerektiği). Ancak savaş ve barış etiğini ele alan haklı savaş teorisinin tamam olması için jus post bellum adında üçüncü bir ahlaki analiz kategorisini içermesi gerekmektedir. Adil ve sürekli bir barış dönemine geçiş çabalarına uygulanabilecek kural ve ilkeleri tanımlamada kullanılan jus post bellum kavramı nispeten yeni olsa da kökleri eski zamanlara dek uzanmaktadır. Mevcut çalışmada haklı savaş geleneği ile jus post bellum’un kökenine ilişkin düşünceler, jus post bellum’un tanımı ve özellikleri, kavrama yöneltilen eleştiriler, jus post bellum’un diğer haklı savaş bileşenleri olan jus ad bellum ve jus in bello ile ilişkisi ve uluslararası hukukta kodifikasyon ihtiyacı tartışılmaktadır.
Estimation of errors due to errors in the detection of reference points of the arterial blood pulsation signal
Authors: Veliyev Mirza Latif  , Alekperov Alahverdi Mikayil  , Abdullayev Namik Tair
Published: September 2022

The issues of detection of reference points of the arterial blood pulsation signal under the influence of physical and physiological artifacts are considered. Comparison of schemes for detecting the reference point of the arterial blood pulsation signal is carried out. As a criterion for the effectiveness of the scheme for detecting reference points of the arterial blood pulsation signal, the methodological error in determining the temporary position of the reference point from the true value was chosen. It has been shown that among the parametric means for detecting the reference point of the arterial blood pulsation signal, the most effective is the amplitude-time detector based on synchronous processing of ECG signals and arterial blood pulsation.
Constituents, nutritional and pharmacological importance of Prunus persica - A review
Authors: Ali Esmail Al-Snafi
Published: September 2022

Prunus persica (Family:Rosaceae) contained carbohydrates,fiber, carotenoids,alkaloids,oils, polyphenols, flavonoids and minerals. Previouspharmacological studiesrevealed thatPrunus persica possessed gastrointestinal, anti-inflammatory, analgesic,antipyretic, cytotoxic, antioxidant,antiprasitic, acetylcholine esterase inhibition, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antihistaminic, immunological, protective, vascular, dermatological, antitussive and many other effects. The current review was designedto highlight the chemical and nutritional constituents, pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Prunus persica.
Internal quality control of Na+ and K+ at clinical biochemistry laboratory
Authors: Modibo Coulibaly  , Jean Luis Konan  , Mary Laure Hauhouot Attoungbre  , Dagui Monnet
Published: September 2022

Background: the blood electrolyte analysis is a routine laboratory test, the proper execution of which would help in the diagnosis of hydro-electrolyte disorders. We undertook to assess the quality of the sodium and potassium from the pre-pre-analytical phase to the post-analytical phase. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study which took in the laboratory of biochemistry at the Institute of Cardiology, Abidjan, Ivory Coast from March 1st to March 31, 2009. We used the flame photometer to measure the sodium and potassium electrolytes level in the internal control Exatrol-Normal from Biolabo® and those of the clinical samples. The pre-pre-analytical quality indicators depending on the physician’s order, the pre-analytical quality indicators and the post-analytical indicators under the control of the laboratory and based on the NF standard ISO 15189 version 2012 have been determined. Data were captured into Microsoft Access [Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA] and then imported and analyzed using QI Macros SPC Software for Excel®. The monthly dispersion parameters of the Exatrol Normal were used to establish the Levey-Jennings diagram and the Wesgard’s rules were used for the interpretation. Results: a total of 112 electrolytes analysis order were received. For the pre-pre-analytical phase, the analysis of these requests revealed that 81 (72.3%) requests carried no clinical information. The non-compliance of the samples were mainly represented by the sampling under tight tourniquet 4 (3.6%), followed by the non-respect of the succession tubes during multiple sampling 3 (2.7%). For the analytical phase, the monthly Levey-Jennings diagram showed a dispersion of the Exatrol-Normal® values ​​between the mean plus or minus 2 standard deviations [m ± 2SD]: 139.34 ± 2.84 mmol/L for sodium (Na+). For the potassium (K+), the values ​​of Exatrol-Normal® were between [m± SD]: 4.2±0.78 mmol/L. The interpretation of the two Levey-Jennings diagrams by Wesgard’s rules did not found any statistically significant mistake with regard to the distribution of Na+ and K+ levels. For clinical samples, isolated hyponatremia was the most common disturbance (30.4%) followed by isolated hypokalemia (12.5%). At the post-analytical phase we observed a mean turnaround time of 34 minutes with extremes ranging from 23 to 95 minutes. One case (0.9%) of transcription error was noted. Conclusion: the internal quality control process is applied in the clinical biochemistry laboratory at the Institute of Cardiology, Abidjan. A systematic verification system of the different phases of the analytical process makes it possible to identify errors at all levels of the analytical process and to take corrective action if necessary. Better collaboration between clinicians requesting electrolyte analysis and biologists performing the analysis is necessary to improve the pre-pre-analytical phase and, beyond that, better patient care.
Comparison of Mini Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy and Standard Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in the Management of Renal Stones of more than 2CM
Authors: Kakakhel Majid Khan , Patujo Yassar Hussain , Saleem Amjad , Ullah Sami , . Abdullah , Ullah Mohib
Published: September 2022

Objective: In patients with kidney stones larger than 2 cm, it is intended to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of small percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mini-PCNL) with conventional percutaneous nephrolithotomy (standard-PCNL). Study Design: Retrospective study Place and Duration: Institute of Kidney Diseases, Hayat Abad Medical Complex, Peshawar, 1st July 2019 - 30th June 2021. Methods: Therewere 170 patients of both genders were presented. All the presented patients had renal stones >2cm were admitted for surgery. Detailed demographics of enrolled cases included age,sex, BMI and comorbidities were recorded after taking informed written consent.Patients were equally divided in two groups. Group I received mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mini-PCNL) among 85 patients had renal stone size 2-3cm and 85 patients of group II had renal stone >3cm received standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy (standard-PCNL). Post-operative outcomes among both groups were assessed in terms of Stone-free rate (SFR). SPSS 23.0 was used to analyze all data. Results:Among 170 included cases, 114 (67.1%) patients were males and 56 (32.9%) cases were females. We found that 45 (26.5%) patients had age 20-30 years, 50 (29.4%) patients had age 31-40 years and 75 (44.1%) patients had age >40years. Majority of the patients 130 (76.5%) had BMI <25kg/m2 and 40 (23.5%) had BMI >25kg/m2. Comorbidities were hypertension and diabetes mellitus. We found that operative time of group II was lower 40.7±10.9 minutesas compared to group I 52.4±8.13 minutes while hospitalization, blood transfusion and hemoglobin drops were lower in group I as compared to group II. We found that SFR was higher in group I among 80 (94.1%) cases as compared to group II 78 (91.8%) but difference was insignificant. Most common complications were fever, hematuria and urosepsis but their frequency was higher in group I. Conclusion: Mini-PCNL was an efficient and trustworthy substitute for standard-PCNL in the treatment of renal stones larger than 2 cm (30F). Although there is less blood loss, a lower transfusion rate, and a shorter hospital stay than with standard-PCNL, it nevertheless achieves a similar SFR. The 24F standard-PCNL clearly outperforms the mini-PCNL, but not by much. This method, however, requires more time to complete.
Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Adults Presenting with New-Onset Seizures
Authors: Tamkeen Naila , Wahid Ghazala , Gul Hadia , Anwaar Neelum , Musammar Maria , Ehtesham Rabeea
Published: September 2022

Background: New-onset seizure can be potential life threatening condition. It raises the suspicion of intracranial abnormality or a primary epilepsy .These are mostly diagnosed and differentiated clinically, however diagnostic imaging has important role in evaluating the cause of seizure . Previously studies done on neuroimaging in seizures have mostly focused on assessment of seizures in children or adults in acute emergency however this study focused on new onset seizures in adults .Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is readily available in tertiary care hospitals these days and is important diagnostic modality for evaluating the causes of new-onset seizure in adults. Aims and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to discuss the magnetic resonance imaging finding in adult patients presenting with new-onset seizure and if the MRI established the cause for the patient's new onset seizure Methods: This was prospective cross sectional study done in 330 adult patients above age of 18 year who presented with new-onset seizures from May 2020 to April 2021. These patients were referred to Radiology department Hayatabad Medical Complex to evaluate intracranial abnormality and to find out the cause of seizure. MRI brain was performed on 1.5T machine and images were independently reviewed by two consultant Radiologists. The findings were summarized and categorized into a study database. Results: In our study 330 adults presenting with new onset seizures underwent MRI within 48 hours of seizure . The mean age was 47 yrs . MRI determined the cause of new-onset seizure in 139 (42.1%) patients while 191(57.9%) studies were normal.. The most common findings were encephalomalacia with gliosis related to previous trauma ,chronic infarcts and surgery ( 38.1%),primary/metastatic brain tumour (24.4%), infectious encephalitis and meningitis(15.8 %), venous sinus thrombosis (8.6%), while and PRESS(7.2%) and vascular malformation(5.7%) were less common findings, . Patients with focal seizures had a higher proportion of potentially epileptogenic lesions (64.7%) compared with those with seizures of generalized onset (10.8%) or uncertain type (24.6%) Conclusion: This study emphasizes the importance of magnetic resonanace imaging in adults presenting with acute seizures and its usefulness in determining the epileptogenic lesions and helps in planning the treatment strategy. Keywords: Seizures, Magnetic resonance imaging, Intracranial abnormality.
Neonatal Surgical Emergencies Immediate Referral
Authors: Ahmed Imtiaz , Akbar Muhammad , Hashmi Fazila , Qureshi Roomana , Rahim Ishrat , Bux Karim
Published: September 2022

Background: This study was conducted to explore the circumstances around which neonates are referred to the pediatric surgical team of Liaquat University Hospital. This influences the surgical management of neonatal emergencies outcome which also turns on awareness of the conditions early diagnosis, proper resuscitation, excellent nursing care, and refer to the proper center, main requirement is the application of a basic neonatal transport unit, whenever necessary these neonates are referred to these centers from wherever they are born. Methods: It is a retrospective descriptive study carried out at Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad Sindh. This study included every referral neonatal surgical emergency managed by the pediatric surgical team from June 2017 to May 2019. Data were obtained from the patient's files and operation theatre register. This study was conducted over two years from June 2017 to May 2018 in the department of pediatric surgery, Liaquat University of medical health sciences Jamshoro. All the neonates presenting with surgical emergencies were included irrespective of gender, mode of referral, and causes that warrant surgical exploration using sampling of convenience. However, neonates whose carers did not consent to be a part of the study were not included. Inform consent was taken from either of the parents reassuring them about confidentiality, as well as the treatment being unaffected had they chosen to withdraw from a study at any time. The study variables included age, sex, weight, and referral pattern, later data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: Fifty-three neonates were operated in July 2017 to June 2020. Out of 53 neonates, 32 were male and 21 female. The male to female ratio is 1.5:1. Anorectal Malformation 12 (22.6%) Intestinal Atresia 6 (11.3%) and Pneumoperitoneum 5 (9.4%) Hirschsprung's disease 9 (13.2%). Neonates with low birth weight were 5 (9.4%). The basic neonatal referral & transport system was poorer. Age at the time of presentation ranges from 1 to 20 days, a median age was 3 days. Dehydration in mild, moderate, and severe was noted in 38 (71.6%) of the referral neonates. The leading cause of morbidity and mortality was sepsis, mortality was 7 (13.2%). Conclusion: Management of neonatal emergencies the morbidity and mortality were not as high compared to other developing countries. However, improvement in the outcomes will require awareness, early referral to the concerned department, and overcoming difficulties by providing a well-equipped hospital that will provide an outstanding nursing facility and a well-equipped neonatal transportation system. Keywords: Neonatal transport unit, Basic resuscitation, Good nursing care, Neonatal intensive care unit
Biologically Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Carbon Tetrachloride as an Anti Cancer Drug: A Review
Authors: Basharat Muhammad Haseeb , Tariq Muhammad , Mustafa Riaz , Akash Amar , Talib Hafiza Hira , Aziz Muhammad Nouman , Noel Anadil , Zeb Adnan , Khalid Muhammad Farooq , Soomro Fakhra , Mushtaq Qudsia , Fatima Mehreen
Published: September 2022

Cancer is a life-threatening disease, curing it is one of the primary tasks for scientists around the world. One of the major fields that have exceptional abilities to control cancer is nanotechnology and nano medicines. Zinc oxide nanoparticles have flexible platforms for therapeutic and biomedical practice. There is a vital need to manufacture a new anti-cancerous drug. Zinc oxide nanoparticles have a great potential to act as an anti-cancerous drug. A common effect of zinc nanoparticle and carbon tetrachloride is the primary concern on the liver, biologically synthesized nanoparticles can be used for this cure purpose. This review study aims to explain the effects of synthesized nanoparticles on the rat in the presence of CCl4; Combination of toxic substance with the presence of nanoparticle can give us a better idea on the effectiveness of nanoparticle. Keywords: Zinc oxide nanoparticles, Liver cirrhosis, Carbon tetrachloride, Liver function
Significant Rise in Cancer Risk Due to the Aggravate Dosage of Medical Radiology: A Research Study within the Last Two Decades
Authors: Qureshi Mahnoor , Khalid Muhammad Rafay , Ali Adeeb , Hayat Muzammil , Zulfiqar Sumaiya , Fazal Naveed
Published: September 2022

Aim: In recent times, the amount of CT scans conducted has increased rapidly in both the United States and the United Kingdom, raising concerns around the long-term repercussions of such exposure, mainly in rapports of cancer training. Methods and Results: Data from the United States and the United Kingdom show that CT utilization has increased 20-fold and 12-fold, correspondingly, during the last three decades, having per capita CT utilization in the United Kingdom being almost five times that of the US. Almost all of the collaborative daily dosage from diagnostic radiology in both nations did come from high-dose like CT, interventional radiology, also barium enemas; for both those processes, pertinent organ doses remain in variety for them remains today direct reliable epidemiological indication of an extra danger of tumor, without the requirement to extrapolate dangers from higher doses. Though with high-dose radiological operations, the danger to separate cases remains negligible, therefore an advantage of balancing is often in favor of the individuals. Problems emerge when CT exams are utilized without a demonstrated clinical basis, whenever alternate techniques having equivalent effectiveness may be employed, or when CT scans are performed needlessly. Conclusion: It is anticipated that those circumstances version in up to one-third of altogether CT scans in the United States. Another difficulty is the growing usage of CT scans by way of the tests method in symptomless individuals; at the current occasion, the advantage balance for slight generally recommended CT showing modalities has not been determined. keywords: CT scans, US, UK, Radiology interventions.
A Research Study on Molar Pragnencies, Treatment, Causes and its Effect on Human Body
Authors: Begum Sumera , Ayub Munazza , Zulfiqar Sumaiya , Fatima Tahira , Ehsan Kashifa , Fazal Naveed
Published: September 2022

Aim: Pregnancies in which eggs and sperm did not join correctly with a certain position and further growth does not occur, this will be known as Moral pregnancy. Methods: Moral pregnancy is considered as issue created in ovary of female where fertilization in a correct way does not occur and a times come when pregnancy ends and somehow, we called it as miscarriage. A study was held to check out the important highlights about moral pregnancies, its side effects and its outcomes. In this study, they measure the ratio of about 16,600 patients who was admitted. Here most of them was suffering with same symptoms in term of bleeding which determine that they have miscarriage. Results: About 93.2% patients was suffering with bleeding issues and severe pain. Different tests performed on them to know the exact reason of their issues. Either sperms were weak or egg of women was weak. Conclusion: Reason of occurrence of this type of fertilization. All of them was not coming for their regular checkup and was not taking proper treatment from gynecologists to solve their issues. Keywords: Moral pregnancy, sonography, high risk group, missed periods, bleeding.
To Assess the Knowledge, Attitude, And Practices of Barbers Regarding HIV and HCV Transmission in the Peshawar Region
Authors: . Habibullah , Khan Ihtisham , Babar Nazish , Kousar Khalida , Uddin Ghayas , Khan Zahid Ullah
Published: September 2022

Introduction/Objective: The primary goal of this study was to assess barbers' knowledge and practices regarding the spread of HIV and HCV infections. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional survey about the knowledge, attitude, and practices of barbers regarding HIV and HCV was conducted in different union councils of Peshawar by selecting 70 hairdresser shops. The barbers were asked to fill out a questionnaire, which was comprised of questions related to their socio-demographic features, knowledge about HIV and HCV, and practices they exercise while providing their services. Results: Most of the respondents were of the age group of 31-45 years (58.6%). 57% were workers while 42.9% were owners of shops. All the respondents were aware of HIV and HCV infections along with their sources and modes of transmission. The source of awareness was friends circle in the majority (45.7%) cases. 60% of the respondents knew about the organ/system targeted by these viruses while only 50% were aware of the progression and outcome of the disease. 70% of participants were aware of the measures to prevent the transmission of these infections. Spiritual personnel was revealed to be the best healers (47%) followed by medical doctors (30%). Only 20% of respondents accepted the use of gloves, aprons, and washing hands while all of the barbers revealed the use of new shaving blades and cleansing of razors and scissors by Dettol for every client. Conclusion: The majority of the barbers had adequate knowledge about HCV and HIV infections and their transmission but compliance with preventive measures was not strictly followed. Keywords: HCV, HIV, Barbers, Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices.
Pot size influence on the growth of eucalyptus species nursery seedlings
Authors: Shadrack Kinyua Inoti  , Jemimah Achieng Ocholla
Published: September 2022

Different pot sizes are used to raise nursery seedlings and these determine the early growth rate of different species of seedlings. This experiment was set up to determine the best pot size for 2 eucalyptus species namely; E. saligna and E. grandis. The experiment was laid down as a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 8 treatments replicated 3 times. Treatments comprised of four different pot sizes namely; large (9 by 20), medium (8 by 19), small (7 by 13) and smallest (6 by 10) cm respectively based on volumes, as well as the two eucalyptus species. The experiment was carried out for a period of 6 months during 2017 and 2018 in Egerton University tree nursery. One way ANOVA was performed on the measured variables using Genstat statistical package while the means were separated using Standard Error Deviation (SED) at P< 0.05. The results revealed that the large and medium pots showed significantly higher growth in shoot, root and foliage in most of the variables measured compared with small and the smallest pot sizes. Similarly, large and medium size pots showed almost similar response in most of the variables with little significant between them and similar trend was also repeated between the small and smallest pot sizes. On the other hand, both E. saligna and E. grandis showed similar growth in all the variables except in the number of branches whereby the former was significantly (P< 0.05) higher (8.69) compared with the latter (6.65). The larger pots contained a higher soil and water volume (1272 cm3) which supported better and healthy seedling growth as compared to the smaller pots whereby seedlings were stunted. This was shown by the latter being lower by 50% in shoot, root and total plant biomass compared with the former. It is therefore recommended to use medium sized pots to raise eucalyptus seedlings in the nursery since they are more economical and do not compromise the growth of seedlings.
Grammatical particles and its application in Sura Al. Anfal and Sura Al. Toba
Authors: Bano Dr. Najma , Bano Saeeda
Published: September 2022

Allah Almighty has revealed the Holy Quran for the guidance of humanity and the scholars explain the Holy Quran for the light of Hidayah and to eradicate the darkness of ignorance. The Holy Quran is the finest and eloquent that represents the highest standard of Arabic Language. The Arabic grammar is the base of Arabic sciences.  This research aims to highlight the Arabic grammar in Surah Al. Anfal and Surah Toba. This study consists of an introduction explaining the importance of the study. Its goals and method in addition to the structure of the study and it ends with a conclusion. This study also deals with the concept of grammatical style and results. The study ends with the definition with grammatical particles and some of its rules and its application in Sura Al. Anfal and Sura Al. Toba.