bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Una estimación de respuesta en caso de sismo grave
Authors: Ramírez Amat Gustavo , Barquet Abi Hanna Giaffar , Santana Véliz Carlos
Published: January 2017

Objetivos: describir las características generales que tienen los servicios de emergencia de los hospitales de la ciudad de Guayaquil; el flujo de pacientes, las proporciones de internamiento y cirugías de emergencia, las tasas de ocupación y la disponibilidad de camas, estimando la posibilidad de atender un aumento súbito de la demanda por un desastre natural, modelar una situación de incremento estimando la capacidad de atención en función de la disponibilidad de camas. Diseño del estudio: transversal para la descripción de los servicios de emergencia de cinco hospitales de la provincia del Guayas y se simuló un incremento lineal de la demanda de servicios para evaluar la capacidad de atención. Resultados: las atenciones de emergencia se han incrementado significativamente en los últimos cinco años, mientras que las tasas de internamiento por emergencia han disminuido; la disponibilidad de camas por habitante no se ha incrementado y el número de camas disponibles está poco más arriba de 200 por día en promedio. Conclusiones: los hospitales que tendrían mayor porcentaje de capacidad de atención serían el León Becerra, el Naval y el Militar. Los hospitales del sector del sur y oeste de la ciudad, son los que tendrían menor capacidad para atender un mayor volumen de pacientes.
Patogénesis de dengue: consideraciones moleculares.
Authors: Jurado Cobeña Eduardo Tarquino , Regato Arrata Mary Ernestina
Published: January 2017

El virus dengue es el arbovirus de mayor importancia a nivel mundial; alrededor de 2 500 millones de personas viven en más de 100 países endémicos. Hasta 50 millones de infecciones ocurren anualmente con 500 000 casos de fiebre hemorrágica por dengue y 22 000 muertes principalmente entre niños. En el Ecuador el dengue es una enfermedad endémica y los cuatro serotipos se encuentran circulando. Este trabajo hace una breve revisión bibliográfica de las bases moleculares de la patogenicidad; así como también de las interacciones inmunológicas moleculares virus-huésped, haciendo énfasis en los hallazgos más importantes tanto a nivel experimental cuanto a nivel clínico, finalmente se discuten las perspectivas del conocimiento actual.
Clinical Governance - an Awareness
Authors: Mishra S. M.
Published: January 2017

Not available.Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College Vol.13(1) 2015: 1
Role of laparoscopy in the Etiologic Diagnosis of Ascites of Unknown Origin
Authors: Sharma Anup , Thapa P. , Gupta S. N.
Published: January 2017

Introduction: Ascites is a consequence of many different etiologies, such as liver cirrhosis, neoplasm, tuberculous peritonitis, pyogenic peritonitis, congestive heart failure, renal and pancreatic diseases but, in some situations, ascites is of unknown cause in spite of comprehensive study. The aim of this study was to identify the role of laparoscopy in the etiological diagnosis of ascites of unknown origin.Methods: This was a prospective study of the patients who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy to determine the causes of ascites of unknown origin in the Department of Surgery, Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital from April 2012 to May 2014. All the patients underwent laparoscopy for the evaluation of ascites after appropriate clinical and laboratory examinations, which failed to reveal the cause.Results: Peritoneal tuberculosis and carcinomatosis peritonei were the two most common causes found in 37.14% and 57.14% of cases respectively. The average age of the patients was 52 years. Distension of abdomen, abdominal pain and weight loss were the most frequently observed symptoms in 33 patients (100%), 26 patients (74.28%) and 18 patients (51.42%) respectively. The CT scan findings, were a omental thickening in 28 cases (80%), peritoneal nodules in 7(20%) patients and the intraabdominal lymph nodes in 13 patients (39.39%). Ovarian mass was found in 4 patients (11.42%). The histological diagnosis was a peritoneal carcinomatosis in 13 (37.14%) patients and peritoneal tuberculosis in 20 (57.1%) patients and in two patients nonspecific inflammation. The sensitivity and specificity of laparoscopic diagnosis in the diagnosis of peritoneal tuberculosis were 78.67% and 98.6% respectively and in the diagnosis of peritoneal carcinomatosis were 94.78% and 72.2% respectively. The positive predictive value was 97.3% and the negative predictive value was 73.7% for peritoneal tuberculosis and for peritoneal carcinomatosis the positive predictive value was 83.7% and negative predictive value was 94.87%.Conclusion: The etiologic diagnosis of ascites of unknown origin is difficult despite the availability of several tests. Laparoscopy with peritoneal biopsy has still got a role in diagnosing these types of ascites where the other laboratory and imaging studies fail to reveal the cause.Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College Vol.13(1) 2015: 13-16
Evaluation of Office Ligation in the Treatment of Hemorrhoids at Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital
Authors: Ansari Meraj Alam , Mishra Satindra Mohan , KC Binaya
Published: January 2017

Introduction: Rubber band ligation, an outpatient procedure for treatment of 2nd and 3rd degree hemorrhoids is an effective mode of management.Aims and objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of rubber band ligation as an office procedure in the treatment of 2nd and 3rd degree hemorrhoids.Material and Methods: This is a cross sectional hospital based study of 30 cases that underwent rubber band ligation as an outpatient procedure for 2nd and 3rd degree hemorrhoids done in Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital from the period of August 2014 to June 2015. The patients were followed up for six months for the development of procedure related complications, relief of symptoms, and requirement of any further interventions. The total cost of treatment was calculated and the time off work was noted. Patients were requested to assess the forms of treatment as excellent, moderately successful or of little help based on their results post treatment. Statistical analysis using SPSS software (version 20) was done and p value less than 0.05 was taken as significant.Results: Post procedure complications were milder and self-limiting, with discomfort in 57.5% (2nd degree) and 60% (3rd degree), pain in 5% (2nd degree) 40% (3rd degree), bleeding in 22.5% (2nd degree) and 30% (3rd degree) of patients with absence of any major complications (sepsis or death). Majority (77.5% in 2nd degree, 70% in 3rd degree) of the patients significantly improved after initial treatment with band ligation. Some of the patients treated by band ligation required further intervention i.e. 16.66% in 2nd and 16.66% in 3rd degree as repeat ligation in the immediate post-op period and were managed subsequently. But none of them required any surgical procedures. Majority of the patients treated by band ligation were able to resume their normal work within three day i.e. 95% in 2nd and 90% in 3rd degree hemorrhoids. Most of the patients spent Rs 2000- 2500 (52.5% in 2nd and 40% in 3rd degree) which most was on routine checkups and follow-ups but it was very cheaper as compared to others modalities. Most of the patients (77.5% in 2nd and 70% in 3rd degree) treated by band ligation assessed the treatment as excellent.Conclusion: Rubber band ligation is a simple, safe and effective method for treating symptomatic second and third degree hemorrhoids as an outpatient procedure with significant improvement in quality of life. Immediate relief of symptoms can be obtained in the post-operative period and therefore be considered as the treatment of choice for second and third degree hemorrhoid. Though the complications are slightly higher and improvement in symptoms were delayed than in second degree but  still Rubber Band Ligation proved to be effective even in 3rd degree hemorrhoid.Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College Vol.13(1) 2015: 17-20
Graham Patch Versus Modified Graham Patch in the Management of Perforated Duodenal Ulcer
Authors: Kidwai Roman , Ansari Meraj Alam
Published: January 2017

Introduction: Peptic ulcer perforation is a serious complication which affects 2-10% of peptic ulcer patients. It presents with an overall mortality of 10% although various authors had reported incidence between 1.3% and 20%. Being a life threatening complication of peptic ulcer disease, it needs special attention with prompt resuscitation and appropriate surgical management if morbidity and mortality are to be contained. Aims and objectives: To compare outcome and complications in Graham patch and Modified Graham patch repair in perforated duodenal ulcer.Material and Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare the outcome and complication viz. leakage, obstruction after Graham's patch repair and modified Graham's patch repair undergoing duodenal ulcer perforation in various surgical units of Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital. Out of these 60 patients; one group (30 cases) underwent Graham's patch repair and another group (30 cases) underwent modified Graham's patch repair. The outcome of procedure was measured in terms of complication like leakage, obstruction and mortality.Results: Duodenal ulcer perforation in group A was more common in male; 58(96.66%) patients were male 2 (3.33%) were female (M:F=29:1). The mean age was 46.80(SD 13.9) years. In Group B it was more common in male; 58(96.66%) patients were male 2(3.33%) were female (M:F=29:1). The mean age was 48.60(SD 14.04) years. Incidence of complication was more common in Group B, no statistically significant difference was found between two groups. The incidence of post operative leakage was 1(3.33%) and in Group B were 2(6.70%). The chi square test was used to compute the p value using SPSS 19. The chi square p value was calculated as 0.554. Hence there was no significant difference between the Group A and Group B. The incidence of burst abdomen was same 2(6.70%) in both the groups.Conclusion: The analysis of results of present study consisting of altogether 60 patients undergoing duodenal ulcer perforation repair showed that Graham's patch repair is as effective as modified Graham's patch repair in terms of morbidity and mortality. Hence there is no statistically significant difference in undergoing either procedure of repair. It is concluded that either procedure can be undertaken depending upon surgeon preference.Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College Vol.13(1) 2015: 28-31
Reimagining Riverfront Access Along the George Washington Memorial Parkway
Authors: Kelsch Paul , Kris Krider J. , La Coe Jodi
Published: January 2017

This paper presents student proposals for redesigning the George Washington Memorial Parkway along the Rosslyn waterfront in Arlington, Virginia, as a case study in university and community partnerships. The George Washington Memorial Parkway, a registered historic landscape, lines the entire riverfront in Arlington, Virginia, and precludes most pedestrian access to the river, especially in Rosslyn, the most densely developed area adjacent to the waterfront. Landscape architecture and architecture students from the Washington Alexandria Architecture Center at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University examined the Rosslyn waterfront and proposed changes to the parkway as a means of accelerating community discussion about potential public access to the water. Six student projects that engage the parkway in various ways are presented, raising questions about historical integrity of the parkway and community access to the waterfront. The paper includes a discussion of the initial steps of Arlington County planners to engage a larger conversation about the work and the issues the projects raise and concludes with a discussion about the value and opportunities of collaboration between universities, communities, or public organizations.
A Multicomponent Reaction as a Versatile Tool for the Synthesis of Spirooxindoles using N-Alkylisatins; Efficient Catalysis by ZnO Nanoparticles
Authors: Moradi Ali Varasteh
Published: January 2017

An efficient and green protocol for the synthesis of functionalised spirooxindole derivatives is described. This involves the reaction of in situ-generated keto-enaminones with N-alkylisatins in the presence of isothiocyanates.
Effect of cryotherapy on ankle proprioception and balance in subjects with chronic ankle instability
Authors: Chang Yi-Wen , Wu Hong-Wen
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUND:

Cryotherapy is a common treatment in sports injury but its effect on proprioception and balance in patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI) is yet unknown.

OBJECTIVE:

To investigate the effect of cryotherapy on ankle proprioception and dynamic stance balance in the subjects with CAI.

METHODS:

Thirty-three subjects with CAI participated in this study. A cold pack was applied on anterior-lateral ankle area for 20 minutes. Proprioception and star excursion balance test were performed prior to cryotherapy, immediately after cryotherapy and 30-min after cryotherapy. A two-way ANOVA repeated measure was performed for statistical analysis.

RESULTS:

The affected ankle showed a significantly greater proprioceptive error than the unaffected ankle (p < 0.05). Immediately after application of cryotherapy proved significantly detrimental to the reaching distance at either baseline or 30-min after (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:

In subjects with CAI cryotherapy may adversely affect dynamic stance balance particularly when the latter follows immediately the application of the former. Coaches and athletes should be aware of this phenomenon.
Prophylactic intracameral vancomycin: efficacy in preventing endophthalmitis after cataract surgery
Authors: Goswami Manash Kumar , Hossain Md. Ferdous , Asaduzzaman Md
Published: January 2017

Background and objective: Post Operative endophthalmitis is rare but devastating complication in ocular surgery. The present study determined the efficacy of intracameral vancomycin after phaco-emusification cataract surgery to prevent endophthalmitis.Method: A total of 768 cases who had undergone phaco-emusification cataract surgery were included in the study. Every alternate patient received 0.5 ml injection of vancomycin (1mg in 0.1 ml) in the anterior chamber after completion of phaco-emulcification and formation of anterior chamber. All the patients were examined for symptoms and signs of bacterial endophthalmitis at 24 hrs, 7 days, 15 days and subsequently at 1, 3 and 6 months following surgery.Results: No endophthalmitis case was recorded at any time period during 6 month follow up in either group. However, significantly higher number of cases in vancomycin group had cells in anterior chamber and disturbances in visual acuity at day 15 following surgery.Conclusion: Vancomycin did not have any prophylactic role in preventing endophthalmitis. Proper aseptic measures are important to prevent any infection in ocular surgery.IMC J Med Sci 2016; 10(1): 24-28
Sutureless and glue free conjunctival auto grafting after pterygium excision
Authors: Goswami M.K. , Asaduzzaman Md
Published: January 2017

Background and objectives: Suture or glue has been used to secure the conjunctival auto graft after excision of the pterygium. Recently, auto grafting using patients own blood as a bioadhesive to secure the graft in position has been described by several authors. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to determine the outcome of excision of pterygium and sutureless conjunctival auto graft using patients own blood as a bioadhesive.Methods: Patients with primary and recurrent pterygium attending the Department of Ophthalmology of Bangladesh Institute of Research, Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM) hospital from March 2014 to July 2015 were included in the study. Pterygium was excised and conjunctival auto graft was applied. Grafts were secured to the pterygium excision area with auto blood fibrin clot. All patients were examined after 48 hr and followed for 1, 4 and 12 weeks for graft dislodgement, sub-conjunctival hemorrhage, graft recession, graft edema and recurrence of pterygium.Results: A total of 35 primary and 2 recurrent pterygium cases were included in the study. The mean operation time was 15±1 minutes. Out of 37 eyes 5 (13.5%) had subconjunctival hemorrhage and 2 (5.4%) had graft recession and edema after 48hrs of operation. At 3 months follow up, 2 cases (5.4%) of graft recession and no case of recurrence of pterygium was found.Conclusion: Pterygium excision and conjunctival auto graft without sutures appears to be an effective treatment modality for primary and recurrent pterygium with no additional cost.IMC J Med Sci 2016; 10(2): 36-38
Evaluation of Rapid stool antigen test for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with dyspepsia
Authors: Khatun Salma , Rahman Fahmida , Shadia Khandaker , Dutta Indrajit Kumar , Hoq Mohammad Nazmul , Akter Farjana , Haq Jalaluddin Ashraful
Published: January 2017

Background and objectives: Several diagnostic assays are used for the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection in suspected peptic ulcer cases. H. pylori stool antigen test is a non-invasive method for the detection of active infection. The present study has evaluated the efficacy of rapid stool antigen test to diagnose H. pylori infection in patients with dyspepsia.Materials and methods: Adult patients with complains of dyspepsia attending the Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases (GHPD) of BIRDEM hospital for endoscopy were included. Gastric biopsy, blood and stool samples were obtained from each participant after informed written consent. Rapid urease test (RUT), serum H. pylori immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG and rapid H. pylori stool antigen (HpSAg) tests were performed. Only stool samples were obtained from 31 neonates aged 1 to 30 days as negative control for HpSAg test.Results: A total of 91 adult patients with complain of dyspepsia were included in the study. Out of 91 cases, 17 (18.7%) and 74 (81.3%) had peptic ulcer and erosion respectively. HpSAg was positive in 63.7% cases compared to 42.9% and 62.6% respectively by RUT and IgA. The rate of HpSAg positivity was significantly higher (p<0.05) in ulcer compared to erosion cases. HpSAg test was positive in all (100%) RUT positive cases. Combination of HpSAg test and IgA yielded highest positive result in both ulcer (82.4%) and erosion (84%) cases. H. pylori IgG was positive in all cases.Conclusion: The study has demonstrated that HpSAg test is an effective and non-invasive diagnostic tool to detect active H. pylori infection in suspected dyspeptic patients.IMC J Med Sci 2016; 10(2): 39-44
Asymmetrical lumbosacral transitional vertebrae in dogs may promote asymmetrical hip joint development
Authors: Steffen Frank , Hässig Michael , Morgan Joseph , Flückiger Mark
Published: January 2017

Objectives: This study examines the relationship between the morphology of the lumbosacral transitional vertebra (LTV) and asymmetrical development of the hip joints in dogs.

Methods: A total of 4000 dogs which had been consecutively scored for canine hip dysplasia were checked for the presence of a LTV. A LTV was noted in 138 dogs and classified depending on the morphology of the transverse processes and the degree of contact with the ilium.

Results: In dogs with an asymmetrical LTV, the hip joint was significantly more predis-posed to subluxation and malformation on the side of the intermediate or sacral-like transverse process (p <0.01), on the side of the elevated pelvis (p <0.01), or when an asymmetrical LTV resulted in pelvic rotation on its long axis (p <0.01), whereas hip joint conformation was less affected on the side featuring a free transverse process (p <0.01).

Clinical significance: The results support our hypothesis that an asymmetrical LTV favours pelvic rotation over its long axis, resulting in inadequate femoral head coverage by the acetabulum on one side. Inadequate coverage of the femoral head favours subluxation, malformation of the hip joint, and secondary osteoarthritis. Asymmetrical hip conformation may therefore be the sequela of a LTV and mask or aggravate genetically induced canine hip dysplasia.
Comparative anatomy and biomechanical properties of atlanto-axial ligaments in equine, bovine, and canine cadaveric specimens
Authors: Stoffel Michael , Koch Christoph , Precht Christina , Waschk Maja , Bürki Alexander , Forterre Franck
Published: January 2017

Objectives: Atlantoaxial instability has been reported in humans, dogs, equids and ruminants. The functional role of the atlantoaxial ligaments has only been described rudimentarily in equids and ruminants. The goal of the present cadaveric study was to compare the anatomy between the different species and to comparatively assess the role of the stabilizing ligaments of the atlantoaxial joint under sagittal shear loading in canine, equine, and bovine cervical spines.

Methods: Three equine, bovine, and canine cadaveric specimens were investigated. Biomechanical testing was performed using a purpose built shear-testing device driven by a uniaxial servo-hydraulic testing machine. Three cycles in a dorsoventral direction with a constant quasi-static velocity of 0.2 mm/s up to a limiting force of 50 N (canine) or 250 N (bovine, equine), respectively, were performed for each specimen tested. Load and linear displacement were measured by the displacement sensor and load cell of the testing system at a sampling rate of 20 Hz. Tests were performed and the range of motion determined with both intact and transected atlantoaxial ligaments.

Results: The range of motion was significantly increased after transection of the ligaments only in the canine specimens. The bovine atlantoaxial joint was biomechanically more stable than in equids.

Clinical significance: Species-specific anatomical and biomechanical differences of the atlantoaxial ligaments in canines, equids, and bovines were detected. The significance of these differences and their impact on the pathogenesis of atlantoaxial subluxations and subsequent treatment remain open questions.
ASSESSMENT OF EFFICIENCY OF ASSIGNMENT OF VEHICLES TO TASKS IN SUPPLY CHAINS: A CASE STUDY OF A MUNICIPAL COMPANY
Authors: Gołda Ilona Jacyna , Izdebski Mariusz , Podviezko Askoldas
Published: January 2017

The main purpose of the paper is to present criteria of efficiency of assignment of vehicles to tasks at municipal companies, which collect garbage from city inhabitants. Three types of criteria are introduced in the paper: garbage collection time, length of route allocation, and utilization of resources. A two-stage method of optimization of taskroutes is proposed. It generates tasks at the first stage and assigns vehicles to the tasks at the second stage. At municipal companies that are responsible for garbage, collection tasks are not pre-defined, and consequently tasks must be designated before the workday. The proposed method is based on genetic algorithm, which is used for the purpose of optimization of the assignment problem. The obtained by the algorithm optimal assignment is compared with assignments obtained in the random way. Criteria of evaluation of efficiency of the obtained route of different mutually conflicting dimensions were introduced, such as is task realization time, distances travelled on particular routes, and number of vehicles involved in garbage collection. Efficiency of the obtained assignment appeared to be sufficiently good.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA E ENZIMÁTICA DE FRUTOS DE PITAIA (Hylocereus undatus)
Authors: Santos Mayara Regina Pereira Vello dos , Castro Juliana Cristina , Mardigan Laura Paulino , Watanabe Rafaela , Clemente Edmar
Published: January 2017

Os frutos de pitaia apresentam grande importância nutricional e economicamente vem se estabelecendo em diversos países, como o Brasil. Apesar do grande potencial comercial da pitaia, ainda são escassos os estudos de caracterização físico-química, compostos bioativos e de atividade antioxidante e enzimática dos seus frutos, principalmente considerando a espécie Hylocereus undatus. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se analisar as características físico-químicas, compostos bioativos, atividade antioxidante e enzimática de frutos da pitaia (Hylocereus undatus) em dois períodos (após a colheita = 45 dias após a antese e armazenamento por 12 dias = 57 dias após a antese), a fim de avaliar as características em dois períodos de comercialização. As análises realizadas foram: DL/DT (diâmetro longitudinal/transversal), massa fresca dos frutos, cor (casca e polpa), acidez titulável, sólidos solúveis, sólidos solúveis/acidez titulável, pH, lipídios, cinzas, açúcares redutores e totais, ácido ascórbico, compostos fenólicos, flavonoides amarelos, atividade antioxidante e enzimática. Dos parâmetros avaliados, as características físicas e lipídios não foram influenciados em decorrência ao armazenamento, entretanto as demais características químicas, atividade antioxidante e enzimática e compostos bioativos apresentaram diminuição conforme a armazenamento dos frutos decorrente a reações bioquímicas. Destacando os frutos com 45 dias, com maiores teores de antioxidantes, compostos bioativos, açúcares e acidez, ao qual indica frutos com qualidade e maior aceitabilidade dos consumidores decorrente ao maior conteúdo de compostos benéficos e essenciais ao consumo, além de ser de grande importância industrial.
INFLUÊNCIA DA CONCENTRAÇÃO NA DILATAÇÃO TÉRMICA DE XAROPES DESTINADOS À PRODUÇÃO DE AÇÚCAR E BIOETANOL
Authors: Canciam César Augusto
Published: January 2017

Nos líquidos, para se avaliar os impactos no sistema de medição volumétrico decorrentes da variação da temperatura, é necessário fazer um estudo da dilatação térmica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a influência da concentração na dilatação térmica de xaropes produzidos na evaporação do caldo de cana clarificado. Para tanto, coeficientes de expansão térmica foram obtidos a partir da estimativa da massa específica em função da temperatura. Para temperaturas entre 20 e 80ºC e concentrações de 60, 65 e 70ºBrix, nas purezas de 80, 85 e 90%, os coeficientes de expansão térmica variaram de 4,5469x10-4 (60ºBrix com 90% de pureza) a 4,4315x10-4ºC-1 (70ºBrix com 80% de pureza). Os resultados sugerem que à medida em que se aumenta a concentração, para uma mesma pureza, diminui o coeficiente de expansão térmica. Não foi encontrado na literatura, nenhum trabalho estudando o coeficiente de expansão térmica de xaropes obtidos da evaporação do caldo de cana clarificado.
L’entreprise au CSO, 1968-2015 : de la bureaucratie au capitalisme
Authors: Segrestin Denis
Published: January 2017

Cet article présente les conditions dans lesquelles le Centre de sociologie des organisations a traité des entreprises et de l’activité économique depuis son intégration au CNRS. Il distingue quatre périodes. Entre 1968 et 1980, l’équipe use avec pragmatisme du caractère englobant du concept d’organisation et fait à peu près part égale entre les administrations et les entreprises. Au cours des années 1980, des reclassements s’opèrent et les exigences de cohérence problématique s’affirment : l’activité du Centre se recentre sur l’action publique. Si le secteur marchand ne disparaît pas, il se plie à la question du moment : peut-on compter sur l’initiative économique pour contribuer à la modernisation de la société française ? La période suivante (1990-2005) voit arriver à maturité la « théorie de l’action organisée » et, avec elle, le souci de bien peser la complexité des systèmes humains. C’est aussi l’heure de l’ouverture des marchés et de la dislocation de la firme fordienne : nouvel étalon de la complexité, l’entreprise est mise en avant mais sans exclusive : ni l’hôpital ni l’université ne sortent de l’épure. Après 2005, une autre histoire se dessine en écho aux transformations du capitalisme. Le CSO se rapproche de la mouvance anglophone de la sociologie économique ; il s’ouvre aux approches institutionnelles de la firme. Hypothèse est faite qu’une telle perspective ne rompt pas avec la trajectoire du Centre dès lors qu’en son sein l’analyse organisationnelle reste une « sociologie de l’action » et exclut, de ce fait, la singularité radicale de chacun des champs du système social.
Ubisoft Montréal : établir et gérer un pôle mondial de création
Authors: Simon Laurent
Published: January 2017

En dix ans, le studio montréalais d’Ubisoft est devenu l’un des plus importants lieux de développement de jeux vidéo au monde, créant un lien original entre l’intérieur de l’entreprise et la culture effervescente de la ville.
Les mathématiques, stars malgré elles des marchés financiers ?
Authors: Taleb Nassim Nicholas , Bonnet Alexis , Giraud Pierre-Noël
Published: January 2017

Depuis leur introduction dans les salles de marchés, les mathématiques ont pris une telle place que beaucoup les ont rendues responsables des récents déboires des banques. Mais les rémunérations très élevées des traders prouvent à quel point on leur prête des pouvoirs magiques.
Early implementation of public aid to the bank solvency crisis in Spain in 2008-2013: Impact on household credit and economic cycle
Authors: Andrés Mosquera Andrés de , Arisó Cruz Albert
Published: January 2017

This research describes the eventual credit constraints faced by households during the recession that broke out in 2008, using a set of variables that determines the credit such as the solvency and the NPL ratios. We develop a OLS model in order to estimate the rate of credit within an alternative scenario. Based on this new scenario, we suggest the impact of an alternative financial policy intervention on the credit rating, considering if it had taken place more decisively when compared to other European countries. The results acknowledged higher credit rate, which confirm a less abrupt evolution of the variables and a lower impact of the crisis.
The impact of a new technological-social paradigm: the Internet of things and the innovation capability
Authors: Gallego Cristina , De Pablos Heredero Carmen
Published: January 2017

The evolution of technology makes it possible the spread of new business models derived from of a disruptive innovation carried out by organizations working to be leaders in their industry. This is the case of Telefónica, Spanish multinational, which has become a representative example in the development of “Internet of things”, IoT, a trend that is predicted to have a high impact, where information is positioned as the main asset to manage. Currently, there is little academic literature written on the subject, so this work offers an introductory theoretical framework on the status of the issue and reflect on the possibilities of penetration of IoT through some recent evidences. The analysis is mainly focused in the innovation capability.
Montículos arqueológicos, actividades y modos de habitar. Vivienda y uso del espacio doméstico en Santiago del Estero (tierras bajas de Argentina)
Authors: Taboada Constanza
Published: January 2017

Este artículo aborda la definición del espacio habitacional de las poblaciones indígenas que vivieron en la llanura de Santiago del Estero (Argentina) y su vinculación con los montículos característicos de la región. Parte de trabajos arqueológicos de campo y pone en juego una estrategia teórico-metodológica que apunta a superar las limitaciones de una arquitectura perecedera. Como resultado se identificó un ámbito doméstico techado, con el primer registro para la región de un techo de torta y un piso posiblemente preparado. En articulación con la reinterpretación de datos bibliográficos, se definieron situaciones diferenciadas en cuanto a actividades, construcciones y modos de habitar, que habilitan una nueva lectura sobre la diversidad y características de las poblaciones de la región. Los casos analizados amplían el conocimiento de la diversidad y distribución de las construcciones monticulares de las tierras bajas de Sudamérica, y aportan elementos sobre arquitectura doméstica, poco estudiada para los mismos.
La Casa de Hacienda de Shuracpamba: visión arquitectónica desde el análisis estratigráfico
Authors: Aguirre Ullauri María del Cisne
Published: January 2017

Shuracpamba, una de las históricas haciendas del Sur del Ecuador, ha permanecido prácticamente en el anonimato. Pretendiendo difundir algunas de las singularidades de este conjunto arquitectónico, se desarrollaron las tareas de búsqueda documental y reconocimiento in situ de la casa de hacienda conservada. El construir su secuencia histórica, e histórica-constructiva, a la par de atar algunos vínculos sociales y culturales históricos, hacen de esta investigación uno de los escasos textos que abordan al objeto y algunas de sus múltiples dimensiones, aunque parcialmente. Particularmente, es el primero en ensayar el método de análisis estratigráfico constructivo, evidenciando cinco campañas edificatorias, materiales y técnicas utilizados.
Alzamiento y transporte marítimo de grandes columnas líticas: evidencia de métodos tradicionales usados en programas constructivos de los siglos XVIII y XIX, como indicio para la reconstrucción de los procesos romanos de transporte
Authors: Barresi Paolo
Published: January 2017

El objetivo de este trabajo es la investigación de las tecnologías tradicionales de alzamiento y transporte marítimo de grandes bloques líticos (tiempo pasado en el viaje, maneras de cargar y estibar piezas grandes de mármol, número de personas empleadas) a través de la evidencia extraída da la Italia de los siglos XVIII y XIX, como indicio para comprender las prácticas romanas antiguas. Voy a utilizar algunos dados extraídos de la reconstrucción de la basílica paleocristiana de San Pablo Extramuros de Roma, quemada en el 1823, en que nuevos fustes de granito, sobre todo de canteras italianas, remplazaron los fustes de edad Romana. Otras fuentes pueden ayudar a comprender detalles relacionados con el transporte pesado, que no se podrían conocer de otra manera para la edad Romana. Sería arriesgado deducir directamente que las mismas tecnologías utilizadas en los siglos XVIII y XIX estuvieran en uso en la edad Romana Imperial; pero, el estudio de tales procesos puede ayudar a poner en la luz adecuada nuestras reconstrucciones de la realidad antigua
Desde las figlinae a los edificios: el uso del barro cocido en el sur de la Baetica
Authors: Roldán Gómez Lourdes , Bustamante Álvarez Macarena
Published: January 2017

Se analiza la utilización del o. testaceum en contextos urbanos del sur de la Bética (Hispania), especialmente en Carteia y Baelo Claudia. Para ello se considerará como un proceso único de estudio desde la producción en las figlinae, su distribución y puesta en obra. Por ello, el análisis de estas piezas se acompañará con una valoración espacial de su territorium así como de los sigilla que aparecen sobre estos materiales, algunos de ellos, indicadores de la organización productiva en el seno del alfar.
La production du logement à Bruxelles : la ville de proximité à l’épreuve de la densification urbaine
Authors: Ananian Priscilla
Published: January 2017

La densification de l’habitat en Région de Bruxelles-Capitale est devenue depuis quelques années un enjeu et un outil de développement urbain pour faire face à l’essor démographique et à l’accroissement de l’écart entre l’offre et la demande en logements sociaux et moyens. Le choix de la localisation est crucial pour répondre à ces défis, identifiés notamment dans le projet de Plan régional de Développement durable. Pourtant avec un parc de 39 000 logements sociaux et plus de 45 000 ménages candidats locataires, les opérateurs immobiliers publics ne semblent pas considérer la localisation comme critère prioritaire pour décider des nouvelles opérations de logement sur le territoire régional. Le présent article se veut la synthèse actualisée d’un parcours de recherche initié il y a une dizaine d’années et dont l’objectif était d’analyser la production résidentielle publique et privée depuis 1989 en regard de l’évolution du projet de ville [Ananian, 2010]. À cet objectif initial s’en ajoute un second, qui est de confronter ces résultats à la production du Plan Régional du Logement (2005) et du cadre financier de l’Alliance Habitat (2015). Cette synthèse fait ressortir la nécessité d’orienter les efforts des pouvoirs publics vers une stratégie intégrée de planification urbaine et de production résidentielle publique qui tienne compte de la proximité des équipements, services et aménités de la vie quotidienne.
Woningproductie in Brussel: de buurtstad tegenover de stedelijke verdichting
Authors: Ananian Priscilla
Published: January 2017

Sinds enkele jaren is de verdichting van de woonomgeving in het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest een uitdaging en tevens een tool voor stedelijke ontwikkeling geworden om het hoofd te bieden aan de demografische boom en het toenemende verschil tussen het aanbod aan en de vraag naar sociale woningen en woningen voor de middeninkomens. De keuze van de plaats waar de woningen worden geproduceerd - de lokalisatie - is van cruciaal belang om die uitdagingen aan te nemen, die onder meer worden omschreven in het ontwerp van Gewestelijk Plan voor Duurzame Ontwikkeling. Met een park van 39 000 sociale woningen en meer dan 45 000 gezinnen die kandidaat-huurder zijn, lijken de openbare vastgoedoperatoren de lokalisatie evenwel niet te beschouwen als een prioritair criterium bij hun beslissingen over de nieuwe woonprojecten op het gewestelijk grondgebied. Dit artikel is bedoeld als geüpdatete synthese van een onderzoekstraject dat een tiental jaar geleden werd aangevat en ertoe strekt de openbare en particuliere woningproductie sinds 1989 te analyseren in het licht van de evolutie van het stadsproject [Ananian, 2010]. Naast die initiële doelstelling wordt een tweede doelstelling nagestreefd, namelijk die conclusies toetsen aan de productie in het kader van het Gewestelijk Huisvestingsplan (2005) en het financieel kader van de Alliantie Wonen (2015). Uit deze synthese komt naar voren dat de overheden hun inspanningen moeten richten op een geïntegreerde strategie voor stadsplanning en openbare woningproductie die rekening houdt met de nabijheid van de uitrustingen, diensten en faciliteiten voor het dagelijkse leven.
Does Bureaucracy Stifle Moral Agency?
Authors: Adewale Adeyinka
Published: January 2017

Bureaucracy has been around us since the earliest human societies and has been the cornerstone of ancient and modern civilisations. Literature documents its several merits and demerits but little attention has been given to its moral ramifications. This is essential in these critical times that have recorded increasing numbers of corporate scandals globally. If bureaucracy is at the foundations of our modern societies, its role in this trend cannot be ignored hence the purpose of this paper. First, a historical review of bureaucracies from the industrial revolution era through the first and second world wars to our modern capitalist society is presented. Second, bureaucracy is conceptualised with a clear focus on Weber's ideal type. Arguments surrounding its rationality and efficiency were critically looked into as a basis for discussing emerging moral issues. It concludes by submitting that indeed bureaucracy can stifle moral agency.
ICT as the Path Beyond Bureaucracy?
Authors: Pinterič Uroš
Published: January 2017

The article is trying to understand the reasons for the poor implementation of e-state tools as the principle of overcoming the bureaucratic processes. In this manner it follows the question of motivation which is further supplemented by survey results from Slovenia, showing general lack of motivation measured through the ignorance of technology potentials as well as of existing threats. The main argument of the article is, that lack of motivation will block any reform attempts by creating a negative human environment.
E-State
Authors: Aham-Anyanwu Nnanyelugo McAnthony , Li Honglei
Published: January 2017

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is known to facilitate governance and citizen participation in States' decision making processes. However, e-governance researchers have argued that beyond the current use of ICT to facilitate already existing means of governance lays the possibility of its use to fundamentally revolutionise public administration. There is the ideation and aspiration for ICT-based States (E-states) which exist without governments, and whose citizens can self-organise and self-govern without the need for institutions. This is a conceptual paper which discusses the viability and prospects of this aspiration. The study reviews literature in the areas of politics, public administration and Information Technology in the context of governance and public administration. This study ultimately argues that the possibility of establishing an E-state will be dependent on changing existing political ideologies and systems of governance to anarchism. As it is, ICT cannot be a substitute for governments and certain governmental institutions but can only help them.
User Acceptance of Technologies in Their Infancy
Authors: Hartmann Timo , Vanpoucke Evelyne
Published: January 2017

This paper adjusts UTAUT2 to study user acceptance of an early stage technology by using the example of 3D printing for home users. The authors' findings show that UTAUT2 is capable of measuring user acceptance and that social influence and effort expectancy are good predictors for ‘intention to use' for early stage technologies. Nevertheless, there seem to be significant differences in the antecedents depending on the involvement levels and the DIY mentality of the user. Moreover, this research confirms and extends the applicability of UTAUT2 to early stage technologies while improving the authors' understanding of prospective 3D printing home users.
Fixed Point Theorems for Maps With Local and Pointwise Contraction Properties
Authors: Ciesielski Krzysztof Chris , Jasinski Jakub
Published: January 2017

This paper constitutes a comprehensive study of ten classes of self-maps on metric spaces ⟨X, d⟩ with the pointwise (i.e., local radial) and local contraction properties. Each of these classes appeared previously in the literature in the context of fixed point theorems.

We begin with an overview of these fixed point results, including concise self contained sketches of their proofs. Then we proceed with a discussion of the relations among the ten classes of self-maps with domains ⟨X, d⟩ having various topological properties that often appear in the theory of fixed point theorems: completeness, compactness, (path) connectedness, rectifiable-path connectedness, and d-convexity. The bulk of the results presented in this part consists of examples of maps that show non-reversibility of the previously established inclusions between these classes. Among these examples, the most striking is a differentiable auto-homeomorphism f of a compact perfect subset X of ℝ with f′ ≡ 0, which constitutes also a minimal dynamical system. We finish by discussing a few remaining open problems on whether the maps with specific pointwise contraction properties must have the fixed points.
Superconvergence Analysis of Gradient Recovery Method for TM Model of Electromagnetic Scattering in the Cavity
Authors: Jia Shanghui , Yao Changhui , Xie Hehu
Published: January 2017

In this paper, we consider the transform magnetic (TM) model of electromagnetic scattering in the cavity. By the Polynomial Preserving Recovery technique, we present superconvergence analysis for the vertex-edge-face type finite element. From the numerical example, we can see that the provided method is efficient and stable.
A New Two-Grid Method for Expanded Mixed Finite Element Solution of Nonlinear Reaction Diffusion Equations
Authors: Liu Shang , Chen Yanping
Published: January 2017

In the paper, we present an efficient two-grid method for the approximation of two-dimensional nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations using a expanded mixed finite-element method. We transfer the nonlinear reaction diffusion equation into first order nonlinear equations. The solution of the nonlinear system on the fine space is reduced to the solutions of two small (one linear and one non-linear) systems on the coarse space and a linear system on the fine space. Moreover, we obtain the error estimation for the two-grid algorithm. It is showed that coarse space can be extremely coarse and achieve asymptotically optimal approximation as long as the mesh sizes satisfy. An numerical example is also given to illustrate the effectiveness of the algorithm.
Moving Mesh Finite Element Method for Unsteady Navier-Stokes Flow
Authors: Wu Yirong , Wang Heyu
Published: January 2017

In this paper, we use moving mesh finite element method based upon 4P1–P1 element to solve the time-dependent Navier-Stokes equations in 2D. Two-layer nested meshes are used including velocity mesh and pressure mesh, and velocity mesh can be obtained by globally refining pressure mesh. We use hierarchy geometry tree to store the nested meshes. This data structure make convienence for adaptive mesh method and the construction of multigrid preconditioning. Several numerical problems are used to show the effect of moving mesh.
Disease Burden of Dengue in the Philippines: Adjusting for Underreporting by Comparing Active and Passive Dengue Surveillance in Punta Princesa, Cebu City
Authors: Undurraga Eduardo A. , Edillo Frances E. , Erasmo Jonathan Neil V. , Alera Maria Theresa P. , Yoon In-Kyu , Largo Francisco M. , Shepard Donald S.
Published: January 2017

Dengue virus (DENV) is a serious threat to public health. Having reliable estimates of the burden of dengue is important to inform policy and research, but surveillance systems are not designed to capture all symptomatic DENV infections. We derived the rate of reporting of dengue by comparing active surveillance of symptomatic DENV infections in a prospective community-based seroepidemiological cohort study (N = 1008) of acute febrile illness in Punta Princesa, Cebu City, Philippines, with passive surveillance data from the Cebu City Health Department. Febrile episodes detected in a weekly follow-up of participants were tested for serotype-specific DENV by hemi-nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (nested RT-PCR) and acute/convalescent blood samples tested by dengue IgM/IgG enzyme immunoassay. We estimated the burden of dengue in the Philippines in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and conducted a probabilistic sensitivity analysis using Monte-Carlo simulations to address uncertainty. The results showed a 21% cumulative reporting rate of symptomatic DENV infections, equivalent to an expansion factor of 4.7 (95% certainty level [CL]: 2.2–15.1). Based on surveillance data in the Philippines for 2010–2014, we estimated 794,255 annual dengue episodes (95% CL: 463,000–2,076,000) and a disease burden of 535 (95% CL: 380–994) DALYs per million population using age weights and time discounting and 997 (95% CL: 681–1,871) DALYs per million population without age and time adjustments. Dengue imposes a substantial burden in the Philippines; almost 10 times higher than estimated for rabies, about twice the burden of intestinal fluke infections, and about 10% of the burden of tuberculosis. Our estimates should inform policy makers and raise awareness among the public.
Soil Ingestion is Associated with Child Diarrhea in an Urban Slum of Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Bauza Valerie , Ocharo R. M. , Nguyen Thanh H. , Guest Jeremy S.
Published: January 2017

Diarrhea is a leading cause of mortality in children under 5 years of age. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 54 children aged 3 months to 5 years old in Kibera, an urban slum in Nairobi, Kenya, to assess the relationship between caregiver-reported soil ingestion and child diarrhea. Diarrhea was significantly associated with soil ingestion (adjusted odds ratio = 9.9, 95% confidence interval = 2.1–47.5). Soil samples from locations near each household were also collected and analyzed for Escherichia coli and a human-associated Bacteroides fecal marker (HF183). Escherichia coli was detected in 100% of soil samples (mean 5.5 log colony forming units E. coli per gram of dry soil) and the Bacteroides fecal marker HF183 was detected in 93% of soil samples. These findings suggest that soil ingestion may be an important transmission pathway for diarrheal disease in urban slum settings.