bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fannish discourse communities and the construction of gender in "The X-Files"
Authors: Wills Emily Regan
Published: September 2013

Fandoms can constitute discourse communities, where fans make claims about issues of real-world political importance, such as the relationship between gender, power, and autonomy, and where other fans engage with and evaluate those claims. In fan works and fan analyses of Dana Scully in the television show The X-Files, fans pose claims both in discussion spaces and in the creation of fan fiction, and these fannish evaluations and discussions of these fictions analyze those claims.
Sub*culture: Exploring the dynamics of a networked public
Authors: Lindgren Simon
Published: September 2013

The sub scene, an online community for creating and distributing subtitle files for pirated movies and TV series, is a culture wherein the knowledge of a number of contributors is pooled. I describe the cultural and social protocols that shape the sub scene, with a focus on the linguistic and social exchange that characterizes this particular networked public. Analysis of the linguistic exchange shows that the sub scene is about networked collaboration, but one under a relatively strict social code. The analysis of the social exchange is structured according to Quentin Jones's definition of a virtual settlement. There is a minimum level of interactivity, as well as a variety of communicators, on the sub scene. It can also be described as a virtual common public place where computer-mediated interaction takes place, both in the form of coordination networks and of expert/user networks. Furthermore, it has a minimum level of sustained membership. The culture of the sub scene simultaneously bears characteristics of socialized and alienated cyberculture, which should not be perceived as a contradiction. The development of Internet culture is always happening within the full complexity of society as a whole, and the interplay between unity and discord must be seen as the basis for the social integration of any group.
Japanese media pilgrimage to a Tasmanian bakery
Authors: Norris Craig
Published: September 2013

A small bakery in regional Tasmania, Australia, has been reimagined as a pop culture destination by Japanese tourists who claim it is the inspiration for a key location in the anime Kiki's Delivery Service. To understand how and why Japanese tourists have located this bakery in the imaginary world of Kiki, two processes are explored: the media pilgrimage, where fans bridge their ordinary reality and enter the special media world, and the media scaffold, where Kiki becomes a way to interpret the world around them.
So bad it's good: The "kuso" aesthetic in "Troll 2"
Authors: Phillips Whitney
Published: September 2013

The kuso (shitty games) aesthetic draws from and complicates notions of camp and antifandom to provide a way to understand the emotional appeal of bad content.
Metaphors we read by: People, process, and fan fiction
Authors: Parrish Juli J.
Published: September 2013

New metaphors must be adopted for the writing of fan fiction. Henry Jenkins's metaphor of the textual poacher has achieved tacit acceptance and widespread circulation, suggesting that it has become relatively fixed as a description of fan creative practices among fans as well as in scholarship. Challenges to this model and metaphor are important but have not successfully displaced the prominence of the textual poacher. One promising alternative structure is that of Brownian motion, a scientific concept that both Michel de Certeau and Constance Penley have offered as a metaphor for creativity. Whereas textual poaching offers us a vision of fans as nomads, moving through a place and collecting materials, Brownian motion offers us a vision of fan fiction as world building, a process that remakes the place itself. Metaphors such as Brownian motion do not only offer us a different framework for understanding the creative processes that characterize fan fiction writing; they also remind us to focus on those creative processes themselves, as well as on the fans who engage in them.
"Reclaiming fair use: How to put balance back in copyright," by Patricia Aufderheide and Peter Jaszi
Authors: Johnson Josh
Published: September 2013

Review of Patricia Aufderheide and Peter Jaszi. Reclaiming fair use: How to put balance back in copyright. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2011. Paperback, $17.00 (199p), ISBN 978-0-226-03228-3.
Trans-cult-ural fandom: Desire, technology and the transformation of fan subjectivities in the Japanese female fandom of Hong Kong stars
Authors: Hitchcock Morimoto Lori
Published: September 2013

This essay examines the ways in which affective desire and new media technologies were mobilized by Japanese female fans of Hong Kong films and stars to produce a fan subjectivity that was at once cult and transcultural. The origins of this fandom, which flourished from around 1985 through the 1990s, lay in structural affinities of the Japanese and Hong Kong entertainment industries of the 1980s, as well as the ways in which popular stars of both places were expected to perform their stardom. In particular, a shared valuing of stars' relatability and approachability translated, for Japanese fans, into a seemingly paradoxical sense of intimacy with the stars of another culture, an intimacy that was fostered and heightened by women's pursuit of Hong Kong media outside the official distribution channels of the Japanese media industry. I examine the knowledges required by women to seek out favorite stars' films on VHS and VCD, as well as the sites of such consumption, which combined in the production of what I tentatively term a trans-cult-ural fan subjectivity that was at once cultish in its intensity and desire for ownership, as well as transcultural in its performance by fans.
Capital, dialogue, and community engagement: "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic" understood as an alternate reality game
Authors: Veale Kevin
Published: September 2013

The experience of engaging with the television show My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic is structurally and affectively analogous to the experience of an alternate reality game. The community presents multiple tiers of engagement in which individual contributions can be recognized; the creators of the show include material with the specific intent that it be taken up by the community but without any control of the way in which it is used, and material created by the community is folded into the text by the creators in a dialogue. The context of the cocreative dialogue that surrounds the show and its community is a good example of both what Paul Booth identifies as a digi-gratis economy and the forensic fandom used by Jason Mittell to understand community engagement and response to Lost.
Translation, interpretation, fan fiction: A continuum of meaning production
Authors: Farley Shannon K.
Published: September 2013

By using the arguments of Maria Tymoczko to enlarge the definition of translation and of Rosemary Arrojo to draw a parallel between the struggle between author and translator and creator and fic writer, I argue that translation studies is a fruitful way to theorize fan fiction and other transformative fan works.
"Spreadable media: Creating value and meaning in a networked culture," by Henry Jenkins, Sam Ford, and Joshua Green
Authors: Click Melissa A.
Published: September 2013

Review of Henry Jenkins, Sam Ford, and Joshua Green. Spreadable media: Creating value and meaning in a networked culture. New York: NYU Press, 2013, $29.95 (352p) ISBN 978-0814743508.
Fandom, public, commons
Authors: Stanfill Mel
Published: September 2013

Fans, by creating for a public, also create a public: in producing for a community, they create one. Kindle Worlds and other attempts to monetize fan labor are problematic because the producer is attempting to invent a new mode at the expense of such fannish traditions.
Fan/dom: People, practices, and networks
Authors: Morrissey Katherine E.
Published: September 2013

The announcement of Kindle Worlds as open to writers of fan fiction provides an opening to discuss the field of fan studies in terms of fandom communities and individual self.
"Genre, reception, and adaptation in the 'Twilight' series," edited by Anne Morey
Authors: Retartha Amanda Georgeanne
Published: September 2013

Review of Anne Morey, ed. Genre, reception, and adaptation in the "Twilight" series. Farnham, Surrey, UK: Ashgate Publishing, 2012. $99.95 (236p) ISBN 978-1-4094-3661-4.
Spreadable fandom
Authors: Editor TWC
Published: September 2013

This issue indicates our expansion to include ever-wider arenas in which fans engage even as we remain focused on the communities and activities that gave rise to this discipline and to this journal in the first place.
ANN-RBF Hybrid Model for Spatiotemporal Estimation of Monthly Precipitation Case Study
Authors: Nourani Vahid , Entezari Ehsan , Yousefi Peyman
Published: September 2013

For estimation of monthly precipitation, considering the intricacy and lack of accurate knowledge about the physical relationships, black box models usually are used because they produce more accurate values. In this article, a hybrid black box model, namely ANN-RBF, is proposed to estimate spatiotemporal value of monthly precipitation. In the first step a Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) network is used for temporal estimation of monthly precipitation using the value of precipitation in previous months in the same gauging station. In the second step, Radial Basis Function (RBF) is used to estimate the value of precipitation in specific month and a spatial point within the study region, considering the value of monthly precipitation in other stations. In this regard, three commonly used RBFs’ Multi Quadric (MQ), Inverse Multi Quadric (IMQ) and Gaussian (Ga), are used for spatial estimation. Finally, the combination of these two steps leads to ANN-RBF hybrid model. The model is examined using monthly precipitation data of Ardabil plain located north western of Iran. All results show the reliable accuracy of ANN-RBF model for spatiotemporal estimation of precipitation. Furthermore, IMQ RBF yields more accurate results for spatial estimation in comparison with two other RBFs. The cross-validation scheme was also employed to validate the spatial estimation performance of the proposed model.
A Semi-Automatic Approach For Global-Schema Construction in Data Integration Systems
Authors: Niang C. , Markhoff B. Bouchou , Sam Y. , Lo M.
Published: September 2013

Data integration involves combining data residing in different sources and providing users with a unified view of these data through what is called a “global schema’’. The authors address here the problem of the construction of this global schema, with a minimum human effort, in the semantic Web context where data sources are annotated with ontologies. The authors aim to facilitate the task of building a common vocabulary (ontology) that will serve as a shared conceptual level for several heterogeneous data sources needing to share their data in a specific application domain. The authors propose a solution based on the use of a domain reference ontology (or “background knowledge’’) as a mediation support and some reasoning techniques in order to minimize human intervention. The work presented here is implemented as a prototype for Semi Automatic Global Ontology Building (SAGOB).
Ontology-Based Competence Management in Pharmacy
Authors: Puustjärvi J. , Puustjärvi L.
Published: September 2013

The role of competence management in pharmacy is increasing as healthcare is a field where the fast development of drug treatment and the introduction of new drugs require specialized skills and knowledge that must be renewed frequently. However, two obstacles for the widespread adoption of computer aided competence management in pharmacies exist. First, pharmacies do not have enough resources for maintaining competence management systems. Second, in pharmacies well-functioning competence management requires co-operation with other organizations, such as healthcare authorities and educational institutions, but competence management systems do not support such co-operation. To solve the resource problem, the authors have exploited a community cloud, which enables resource sharing among pharmacies and thus reduces pharmacies’ costs in competence management. To carry out co-operation with other organizations, they have developed a competence ontology which not only specify a shared terminology but also makes up a shared data store for the co-operating organizations. The competence ontology is specified in OWL. Further, to achieve efficiency in implementing the ontology the authors have transformed it into relational model. By means of relational database systems the authors have also achieved additional functionality, such as triggering, in competence management.
The Strepsiptera-Odyssey: the history of the systematic placement of an enigmatic parasitic insect order
Authors: Pohl H. , Beutel R.G.
Published: September 2013

The history of the phylogenetic placement of the parasitic insect order Strepsiptera is outlined. The first species was described in 1793 by P. Rossi and assigned to the hymenopteran family Ichneumonidae. A position close to the cucujiform beetle family Rhipiphoridae was suggested by several earlier authors. Others proposed a close relationship with Diptera or even a group Pupariata including Diptera, Strepsiptera and Coccoidea. A subordinate placement within the polyphagan series Cucujiformia close to the wood-associated Lymexylidae was favored by the coleopterist R.A. Crowson. W. Hennig considered a sistergroup relationship with Coleoptera as the most likely hypothesis but emphasized the uncertainty. Cladistic analyses of morphological data sets yielded very different placements, alternatively as sistergroup of Coleoptera, Antliophora, or all other holometabolan orders. Results based on ribosomal genes suggested a sistergroup relationship with Diptera (Halteria concept). A clade Coleopterida (Strepsiptera and Coleoptera) was supported in two studies based on different combinations of protein coding nuclear genes. Analyses of data sets comprising seven or nine genes (7 single copy nuclear genes), respectively, yielded either a subordinate placement within Coleoptera or a sistergroup relationship with Neuropterida. Several early hypotheses based on a typological approach − affinities with Diptera, Coleoptera, a coleopteran subgroup, or Neuropterida − were revived using either a Hennigian approach or formal analyses of morphological characters or different molecular data sets. A phylogenomic approach finally supported a sistergroup relationship with monophyletic Coleoptera.
Current Research, Part B, Interior Plains and Arctic Canada
Authors:   Geological Survey of Canada
Published: September 2013

Recent field investigations on Bathurst Island have necessitated considerable revision of formational boundaries and nomenclature of Silurian and Devonian rocks. ln particular, the names Eids and Blue Fiord will have to be abandoned, and this will probably also
be necessary for the Bathurst Island and Stuart Bay formations. In the eastem parts of the island, a unit of conglomerate, redbeds, and dolostone, representing syntectonic deposits of the Boothia Uplift, lies with angular unconformity on various older formations. In earlier studies, these deposits
were assigned variously to the Bathurst Island, Stuart Bay, and Disappointment Bay formations, but are here referred to as the Prince Alfred Formation, defined and widely distributed on northem Devon Island. The Prince Alfred grades abruptly, basinward into conglomerate and siltstone of the Stuart
Bay Formation, in which Pragian to earliest Emsian age graptolites occur. The Cape De Bray, Awingak, Canyon Fiord, and Beaufort formations, previously unknown from Bathurst Island, are also described.
Palynological correlation of middle and upper devonian rocks of Melville Island, Arctic Canada
Authors: McGregor D C
Published: September 2013

Spore assemblages from 41 measured outcrop sections have been used to correlate, and determine the age of, Middle and Upper Devonian rocks of Melville Island. The Cape De Bray and Weatherall formations are diachronous; the Cape De Bray-Weatherall contact is
mid-Eifelian in the eastern part of the island and early Givetian in the west. The Weatherall-Hecla Bay boundary is early Givetian in the east and late Givetian in the west. The Hecla Bay-Beverley Inlet contact is approximately isochronous. The Parry Islands Formation of eastern Melville Island is
upper Frasnian to lower upper Famennian with no palynological evidence for a disconformity at its base. Strata close to the Frasnian-Famennian boundary, in the Burnett Point Member of the Parry Islands Formation, do not contain either spores or marine fossils. Eifelian and lower Givetian sediments
were redeposited during much of later Devonian time, but most abundantly in the late Givetian and early Frasnian. Marine faunas useful for age determination occur with spores in some sections, particularly in rocks of Eifelian-early Givetian and Famennian age, and in Frasnian strata on western
Melville Island.
Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Canyon Fiord formation, Melville Island
Authors: Riediger C L , Harrison J C
Published: September 2013

The Upper Carboniferous and Lower Permian Canyon Fiord Formation on Melville Island comprises up to 1800 m of predominantly quartzose sandstone and pebble conglomerate, with lesser amounts of siltstone, mudstone, and sandy bioclastic limestone. Outliers of the
Canyon Fiord Formation occur in an eastþwest trending belt across northern Melville Island. The Canyon Fiord Formation on Melville Island is made up of several facies associations. They are: 1. A1, A2, A3 talus slope and proximal alluvial fan; 2. B distal alluvial fan; 3. C tidal flat and alluvial
floodplain; 4. D foreshore and upper shoreface; 5. E1, E2 shallow marine environments. The Canyon Fiord Formation is subdivided on a broader scale into three members. These units provide a record of facies variations and the dominant depositional environments through time in response to tectonic
activity and sea level changes. In ascending stratigraphic order they are: The lower clastic member, consisting mainly of coarse grained clastic deposits of facies associations A1, A2, A3, and B (Bashkirian/Moscovian); the middle limestone member, dominated by shallow marine sandstone and limestone
of facies association E (Moscovian); the upper clastic member, mainly alluvial plain, tidal flat, and proximal marine sediments (Moscovian to Sakmarian). Although local variations can be observed, the lower clastic member and middle limestone member generally weather yellow to light grey, in
contrast to the distinctive red or variegated colouration of the upper sediments.
A brief study of the organic matter in paleozoic and mesozoic strata in the panarctic Dundas C-80 and Chads Creek B-64 wells, Melville Island, Arctic Canada
Authors: Goodarzi F , Gentzis T
Published: September 2013

Core and cutting samples from Paleozoic and Mesozoic strata from the Panarctic Dundas C-80 and Chads Creek B-64 drillholes in Melville Island, Arctic Canada contain various types of organic matter, such as vitrinite, bitumen, thermally altered bitumen, and algal
material (Tasmanales and Botryococcus). Bitumen from both drillholes has a wide range in reflectance indicating numerous possible stages of oil generation and/or migration through the sediments. The reflectance of vitrinite and/or bitumen indicates that the organic matter in both drillholes is in
the marginally mature to overmature stage of hydrocarbon generation. Dispersed organic matter within the mature stage consists mainly of vitrinite with a minor amount of liptinite and is considered to be gas prone. The only exception in the Triassic Schei Point Group sediments, which contain marine
algae and should be examined closely for hydrocarbon potential.
The distribution of plant communities on Melville Island, Arctic Canada
Authors: Edlund S A
Published: September 2013

Melville Island, within the High Arctic vegetation region, has areas of great vegetational diversity and abundance, and areas of great impoverishment of flora and plant assemblages. Two major factors control the distribution of vascular plants on Melville Island:
surficial materials, particularly their chemistry, texture, and available moisture, and the summer climate as it influences the intensity and duration of the thaw period. Five bioclimatic zones that reflect the increasing impoverishment of vegetation with decreasing mean July temperatures are
described. They are: Zone 0: unvegetated, lichen free, no vascular plants; Zone 1: entirely herbaceous, sparse, lowest diversity; Zone 2: herbaceous species dominant, local woody plants and sedges; Zone 3: woody species and one species, or sedges, dominant, zone 2 herbs common; Zone 4: woody
species and sedges dominant, greatest diversity, legumes, carices and compositae abundant.
Moscovian (Upper Carboniferous) to Sakmarian (Lower Permian) stratigraphy (Nansen and Hare Fiord formations; Unit C2), Hvitland Peninsula, northwestern Ellesmere Island, Arctic Canada
Authors: Beauchamp B , Sherry C T , Mayr U , Harrison J C , Desrochers A
Published: September 2013

The Nansen and Hare Fiord formations, together with Unit C2, contain two low-order, unconformity-bounded, transgressive-regressive sequences on Hvitland Peninsula: Bashkirian-Kasimovian and Gzhelian-Sakmarian. Unit C2 comprises large bryozoan keep-up reefs that
grew during a late phase of a Bashkirian-Early Moscovian transgression. The overlying Upper Carboniferous Nansen (cyclic shelf carbonates and shelf edge reefs) and Hare Fiord formations (slope to basinal turbiditic mudrocks and debris flows) form a thick, regressive, southwestward progradational
succession. The Gzhelian-Sakmarian Sequence, contained in the upper Nansen and Hare Fiord formations, was associated with the progradation of a second tongue of Nansen carbonates. The Nansen-Hare Fiord transition, which corresponds to the Late Carboniferous-Early Permian shelf edge, formed a sinuous
northwestward-oriented feature associated with steep reef promontories and deeper water embayments.
Mineral occurrences in Middle Devonian carbonates, Salt River and Stony Islands (Slave River) areas, northeastern Alberta
Authors: McDonough M R , Abercrombie H J
Published: September 2013

Three previously known and two new copper occurrences in basal Middle Devonian rocks and Precambrian Shield gneisses at Stony Islands, Alberta, were investigated during the 1994 field season. Interaction between sedimentary derived fluids and the basement is
indicated by the presence of copper mineralization in calcite veins cutting basement and sedimentary cover rocks at Stony Islands. Karsted Keg River limestones in the Salt River area show evidence for solution collapse and significant development of gossans and calcite-pyrite veining with associated
copper mineralization. These collapse features may have acted as vertical conduits for discharge of metal-enriched sedimentary brines and are therefore viable mineral exploration targets.
Chemostratigraphic analysis of the volcanic and sedimentary rocks in the Heath Steele B-B5 zone area, Bathurst camp New Brunswick: stratigraphic and structural implications
Authors: Lentz D R , Wilson R A
Published: September 2013

Geochemical differences between footwall and hanging wall volcanic and sedimentary rocks hosting the Heath Steele B-B5 zone massive-sulphide deposits indicate that revision of previous stratigraphic and structural interpretations is necessary. The lower footwall
sedimentary rocks have high transition metal contents (Cr > 40 ppm) compared to upper footwall sedimentary rocks (Cr < 30 ppm); the former are chemically similar to the Miramichi Group, whereas the latter resemble tuffaceous rocks of the Tetagouche Group. There are also
immobile trace-element differences between the stratigraphic footwall and hanging wall crystal tuffs/tuffites; the hanging wall crystal tuffs have Zr/TiO2 ratios greater than 0.05, whereas the footwall crystal tuffites have lower values. Furthermore, Y and Th contents are higher in the hanging wall
than the footwall crystal tuffites, although the continuum for Y and Th indicates that the felsic volcanic units are related.
A note on the geology of Change Islands, Newfoundland
Authors: Currie K L
Published: September 2013

Change Islands provide a cross-section through an asymmetric anticline involving the Botwood and Badger groups of the Botwood Belt. Rhyolite, probably correlative to the upper Caradoc Baytona Formation, forms the core of the anticline, overlain by turbidites of
the upper Ordovician-lower Silurian Badger Group (þSansom greywackeþ), which are in turn unconformably overlain by bimodal volcanic rocks of the Llandovery Lawrenceton Formation. The upper part of these volcanic rocks is interlayered with and grades into cross-bedded sandstone of the Fogo Harbour
Formation, which in turn grades by increase in proportion of rhyolite debris and sheets into the latest Silurian Brimstone Head Formation. The anticline is disrupted by dextral normal faulting parallel to the main east-northeast-trending, south-dipping cleavage, and by sinistral normal faulting on a
subordinate north-northeast-trending cleavage. These late normal faults probably represent relaxation after folding and thrusting.
Aeromagnetic survey program of the Geological Survey of Canada, 1996-1997
Authors: Dumont R , Kiss F , Stone P E , Tod J
Published: September 2013

In 1996, three high-resolution, regional aeromagnetic surveys totalling 138 663 line kilometres were flown over Victoria Island, Northwest Territories, Baffin Island, Northwest Territories and southwest Saskatchewan. Each survey was supported by a cost-sharing
agreement with industry partners. A detailed, helicopter-borne electromagnetic/magnetic/gamma-ray spectrometric survey totalling 1648 line kilometres was flown to complete a project commenced in 1995 in British Columbia; this survey was funded by the Province of British Columbia. Two detailed,
multi-parameter electromagnetic/magnetic/gamma-ray spectrometric helicopter-borne surveys flown in British Columbia and in New Brunswick have been compiled and published in 1996. An aeromagnetic survey flown in 1995-1996 in the area bordering British Columbia/Yukon Territories/Northwest Territories
is being compiled and will be completed in 1997. The program to level the Canadian aeromagnetic profile data set, for the elimination of survey boundary effects, is continuing with drape computation and levelling of surveys flown at constant altitude in British Columbia.
National gravity program of the Geodetic Survey of Canada, 1997-1998
Authors: Hearty D B , Gibb R A
Published: September 2013

During the year, seven gravity surveys were planned under the National Gravity Program. Two are scheduled to commence in late October 1997 and five have been completed as follows: a reconnaissance survey of Rae Strait and Rasmussen Basin; three detailed surveys
of geological targets including profiles across the Kaminak Lake greenstone belt, Churchill structural province, profiles across the Sleepy Dragon Complex and flanking Cameron River greenstone belt, Slave structural province, a road traverse near the Royal Oak's Colomac Mine, Slave structural
province; and the second phase of a marine survey of the seaward extension of the Chicxulub crater, Mexico (completed in late 1996). Totals of 485 new gravity stations and 1300 line kilometres of marine gravity data were collected during these surveys. The remaining two surveys will be reported next
year. The absolute gravity field program included three measurements completed in late 1996 and two measurements made in 1997.
Die Psalms - Woord en antwoord
Authors: Coetzee C. H.
Published: September 2013

The psalms - Word and replyThe psalms of the Old Testament have always been and still are a unique means of communication between the believer and God. The nature and functioning of the psalms in the past as well as the present are explored and principles for their meaningful usage by the modem day church formulated.
Reparasie, die onbetaalde rekening van die Waarheids- en Versoeningsproses
Authors: Meiring P. G. J.
Published: September 2013

Reparations, the unpaid account of the Truth and Reconciliation ProcessThe author contends that the final question about the contribution of the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission will not be whether the Human Rights Violations Committee or even the Amnesty Committee were successful in their respective tasks of collecting data, as well as holding numerous victims' and amnesty hearings throughout the country, but concerns the question of reparation to the victims of apartheid. Raising his concern about the fact that government was slow to act upon the TRC’s reparation proposals, he underlines the reasons why proper reparation was of supreme importance to the victims as well as to the nation. After discussing the five categories of reparation proposals, the author suggests a number of areas where the faith communities in the country have a unique and significant contribution to make.
Die boek Prediker: Alles is nie sinloos nie!
Authors: Steyn J. J.
Published: September 2013

Ecclesiastes: Everything is not meaningless!Ecclesiastes is not dominated by the statement of meaningless, but also provides positive advice. The majesty and glory of God and his sovereignity, reflects one of the main themes in this book. God rules man’s destiny, his/her successes and happiness. Man’s attitude can best be summarized in the following words from Ecclesiastes 12:13: “Fear God and keep his commandments”. Ecclesiastes continuously emphasizes the great value of wisdom. This can be attributed to the fact that God Himself is the author of wisdom. However, wisdom also has limits. Even with all man's wisdom, she/he is still limited, as even wise people can not explain all that happens on earth. Ecclesiastes does not only become meaningfull when looking at the New Testament, it has its own message for today's Christians.
‘n Prakties-teologiese model vir die verhouding Ou Testament/Nuwe Testament
Authors: Thirion W. G.
Published: September 2013

A practical theological model for the relationship Old Testament/New TestamentFor all Christians the Bible consists of the Old and New Testament. The relationship, however, between these two parts is a hermeneutic-theological problem which confronts the communicative praxis of the Christian faith. Therefore it is necessary to develop a hermeneutic-theological theory for Christians which can serve as a paradigm within which the texts of the Old as well as that of the New Testament may regard as equal authoritative Word of God. As far as this study is concerned, there is but one approach only which can achieve this and that is a theocentric approach to both Testaments. A theocentric approach to the relationship Old Testament/New Testament, a) is capable of treating both Testaments as equal authoritative Word of God, b) prevents the practice of "two-sermons-in-one-sermon" in an attempt to make the message of the Old Testament more Christian like, c) is especially capable of communicating the message of the Old Testament in the communicative praxis of the Christian community and the modern society without reading by force Christ into the Old Testament.
Paulus se retoriese strategic in Galasiërs 2:11-21
Authors: Tolmie D. F.
Published: September 2013

Paul's rhetorical strategy in Galatians 2:11-21The aim of this article is to demonstrate an approach to the rhetorical analysis of Paul's letter to the Galatians that differs from the typical approach followed by researchers, namely the forcing of ancient rhetorical categories on the letter. Instead, it is proposed that Paul's rhetorical strategy should be analysed in terms of a grounded theoretical approach. This is demonstrated by a systematic analysis of the Paul's basic rhetorical strategy, as well as of all the supportive persuasive techniques, in this pericope.
Teologiekroniek - Teologie en Konteks: ‘n Nederlandse diskussie
Authors: Wethmar C. J.
Published: September 2013

Theology and context: a Dutch discussionIn this article an analysis is made of the lectures presented to a conference on theology between church, university and society, organised by the Netherlands School for Advanced Studies in Theology and Religion in the Dutch town Hoeven from 5 to 7 June of this year. The analysis is preceded by a brief overview of the present state of affairs regarding the provision of tertiary theological education in the Netherlands. The basic tenor of this wide ranging conference was that theology could and should develop a harmonious relationship to all the contexts in which it operates.
Strukturale teksanalise en die Suid-Afrikaanse Redevoeringsanalise – enkele opmerkings aan die hand van Van Iersel se analise van die Emmausverhaal
Authors: Du Toit A. B.
Published: September 2013

Die beoefening van redevoeringsanalise het ongemerk 'n nuwe fase binnegegaan. Die aanvanklike opgewondenheid oor hierdie belowende nuwe eksegetiese hulpmiddel het plek gemaak vir die wil om dit krities te evalueer, wetenskaplik beter te verantwoord en te beskryf en op 'n verantwoorde wyse te verfyn en uit te bou.
Eksegese! In die maalstroom?
Authors: Van Zyl A. H.
Published: September 2013

'n Mens wil nie graag die groot aantal teologiese dissiplines en deeldissiplines teen mekaar afspeel nie. Binne die groot struktuurgeheel het elke groter en kleiner perspektief betekenis. Dit dra by om die geheel beter te verstaan. Die geskiedenis van die godsdiens van Israel, veral die worsteling van die Jahwegodsdiens, met die inheemse afgodsdienste, kry byvoorbeeld 'n dieper dimensie wanneer dit beskou word vanuit die perspektief van die Sendingbelydenis en getuienis.
’n Kongres oor Arbeid en Industrie 1984. ’n Verantwoording en bekendstelling
Authors: Boshoff G. W. H.
Published: September 2013

In die pas afgelope Algemene Sinode van die Ned. Geref. Kerk (Oktober 1982) is ’n aanbeveling van die ASSK goedgekeur dat daar in 1984 in samewerking met die ander lede van die Ned. Geref. Kerkfamilie ’n kerklike kongres oor Arbeid en Industrie gehou word. Eintlik is daaraan niks vreemds nie, want die Ned. Geref. Kerk is sedert die vroeër dekades van hierdie eeu al besig om aan die vraagstuk van verstedeliking, industrialisasie, verarming en die roeping van die Kerk in hierdie situasie aandag te skenk.
Die roeping en identiteit van die evangeliedienaar
Authors: Smuts A. J.
Published: September 2013

Aanleiding tot die keuse van hierdie tema was 'n gesprek met 'n jong predikant wat slegs enkele maande tevore sy militêre diensplig voltooi het. Hy het een en ander te vertel gehad omtrent sy ervaringe gedurende hierdie tyd. Dit is natuurlik moontlik om as dienspligkapelaan diens te doen sonder om werklik na aan die manskappe vir wie jy verantwoordelik is, te kom.
Die B.D.-graadkursus aan U.P. en die keuse tussen teologiese- of predikantsopleiding – 'n blik vanuit die Ned. Herv. Kerk
Authors: Van der Merwe P. J.
Published: September 2013

Van die vroegste jare word daar op universiteitvlak geworstel met die vraag of dit primêr moet gaan om onderrig of ook om vorming. Dit kan trouens gesê word dat hierdie vraag een van die klassieke dilemmas in die opvoedkunde geword het. In Suid-Afrika is dit vandag ook to baie aktuele tema in die debat oor tersiêre onderwys.
Enkele gedagtes na aanleiding van ’n oorsese studiebesoek
Authors: Prinsloo W. S.
Published: September 2013

Dit was my voorreg om vanaf die einde van 1982 tot die middel van 1983 as Alexander von Humboldt-beurshouer navorsing te kon doen aan die Eberhard-Karls-Universität, Tubingen, Wes-Duitsland.
Die aanleiding tot die Nuwe Afrikaanse Bybelvertaling
Authors: Van Zyl A. H.
Published: September 2013

Ons publiseer hier die lesing van prof van Zyl omdat dit die saadjie gesaai het vir die groot oes wat in 1983 ingesamel is. Maar ons bring ook dankbaar hulde aan to man met insig, ds J. Th. M. de Jongh van Arkel deur wie die saadjie so goed versorg is.
Die Theologia Crucis as Leitmotiv in Luther se Teologie
Authors: Venter R.
Published: September 2013

Wie hom wil orienteer aan Luther se teologie, stuit voor die groot probleem dat hy geen sistematiese denker vas nie. Hy het nie ’n dogmatiek geskryf waarin hy sy gedagtes loci-gevys uiteengesit het nie. Die vraag ontstaan egter of daar nie ’n sleutel is om hierdie skynbaar vervarrende gedagtewêreld te ontsluit nie.
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura: Three Peripartum Cases and Diagnostic Challenges
Authors: Rahman Wan Suriana Wan Ab , Abdullah Wan Zaidah , Mustaffa Rapiaah , Ahmed Suhair Abbas , Hassan Mohd Nazri , Husin Azlan
Published: September 2013

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a medical emergency characterized by occlusive microangiopathy due to intravascular platelet aggregation. This event results in damage to the red blood cells (RBCs) known as microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA). Schistocytes are circulating fragments of damaged RBCs that have different morphological features including keratocytes, helmet cells, and spherocytes. It is critical to report even a small number of these abnormal RBCs in the peripheral blood and to be alert for the possible diagnosis of TTP, especially in unexplained anemia and thrombocytopenia. The application of pentad criteria in the diagnosis has been reviewed, and the challenges still remained on the hematologic evidence of this disorder. In the 3 cases discussed here, the red cell morphological diagnosis gave an impact on TTP diagnosis, but overdiagnosis might be encountered in obstetrical patients due to nonspecific diagnostic criteria.
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Patients with Nonfamilial Structural Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Francia Pietro , Ricotta Agnese , Frattari Alessandra , Stanzione Rosita , Modestino Anna , Mercanti Federico , Adduci Carmen , Sensini Isabella , Cotugno Maria , Balla Cristina , Rubattu Speranza , Volpe Massimo
Published: September 2013

Background

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has antihypertrophic and antifibrotic properties that are relevant to AF substrates. The -G664C and rs5065 ANP single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) have been described in association with clinical phenotypes, including hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy. A recent study assessed the association of early AF and rs5065 SNPs in low-risk subjects. In a Caucasian population with moderate-to-high cardiovascular risk profile and structural AF, we conducted a case-control study to assess whether the ANP -G664C and rs5065 SNP associate with nonfamilial structural AF.

Methods

168 patients with nonfamilial structural AF and 168 age- and sex-matched controls were recruited. The rs5065 and -G664C ANP SNPs were genotyped.

Results

The study population had a moderate-to-high cardiovascular risk profile with 86% having hypertension, 23% diabetes, 26% previous myocardial infarction, and 23% left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Patients with AF had greater left atrial diameter (44 ± 7 vs. 39 ± 5 mm; P < 0.001) and higher plasma NTproANP levels (6240 ± 5317 vs. 3649 ± 2946 pmol/mL; P < 0.01). Odds ratios (ORs) for rs5065 and -G664C gene variants were 1.1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.7-1.8; P = 0.71) and 1.2 (95% CI, 0.3-3.2; P = 0.79), respectively, indicating no association with AF. There were no differences in baseline clinical characteristics among carriers and noncarriers of the −664C and rs5065 minor allele variants.

Conclusions

We report lack of association between the rs5065 and -G664C ANP gene SNPs and AF in a Caucasian population of patients with structural AF. Further studies will clarify whether these or other ANP gene variants affect the risk of different subpheno-types of AF driven by distinct pathophysiological mechanisms.
Exercise in a Healthy Heart Program: A Cohort Study
Authors: Meikle J. , Al-Sarraf A. , Li M. , Grierson K. , Frohlich J.
Published: September 2013

Objective

To assess the effects of exercise on resting heart rate (RHR), weight, lipid profile, and blood pressure. We hypothesized that the participants who increased their physical activity would show improvement in their cardiovascular risk factors compared to those who did not.

Design

Retrospective chart review over the mean duration of 4.9 years of follow-up.

Setting

Healthy Heart Program Prevention Clinic at St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Participants

We reviewed 300 charts of patients randomly selected from those who attended the Prevention Clinic between 1984 and 2009. 248 (82.7%) patients were referred for primary prevention and 52 (17.3%) for secondary prevention.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Weight, RHR, lipid profile, and blood pressure were recorded at the initial and last visit.

Results

During a mean of 4.9 years of follow-up, 55% of participants improved their exercise. The mean decrease in the RHR for these patients (group 1) was 5.9 beats per minute (bpm) versus the mean increase of 0.3 bpm for the “no change” group (group 2) ( P < 0.01). The mean net weight increase in group 1 was 0.06 kg/year versus 0.25 kg/year in group 2. Because of medications, all patients had a significant improvement in their lipid profiles. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant greater reduction in Framingham Risk Score (FRS) in group 1 versus group 2 (11.8% versus 15.1%, P < 0.01).

Conclusion

Participation in the program significantly reduces modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Improved exercise regimen results in lower RHR and greater reduction in FRS. However, even in a Prevention Program, despite strong advocacy of the importance of exercise, a significant percentage of participants does not improve their exercise habits.
The Kynurenine Pathway in Stem Cell Biology
Authors: Jones Simon P. , Guillemin Gilles J. , Brew Bruce J.
Published: September 2013

The kynurenine pathway (KP) is the main catabolic pathway of the essential amino acid tryptophan. The KP has been identified to play a critical role in regulating immune responses in a variety of experimental settings. It is also known to be involved in several neuroinflammatory diseases including Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. This review considers the current understanding of the role of the KP in stem cell biology. Both of these fundamental areas of cell biology have independently been the focus of a burgeoning research interest in recent years. A systematic review of how the two interact has not yet been conducted. Several inflammatory and infectious diseases in which the KP has been implicated include those for which stem cell therapies are being actively explored at a clinical level. Therefore, it is highly relevant to consider the evidence showing that the KP influences stem cell biology and impacts the functional behavior of progenitor cells.
Changes in Post Traumatic Stress Symptoms Among Women in Substance Use Disorder Treatment: The Mediating Role of Bodily Dissociation and Emotion Regulation
Authors: Price Cynthia J. , Herting Jerald R.
Published: September 2013

Individuals in substance use disorder (SUD) treatment have shown high levels of difficulty with emotion regulation, as well as a high prevalence of reported trauma and symptoms of post-traumatic stress (PTS). Dissociation from the body is a common clinical experience among women with a history of sexual trauma. Research has shown promising effects of mind-body approaches in SUD treatment, as well as the importance of emotional regulation in conceptual models of psychopathology. The current study examines the mediating role of bodily dissociation and emotion regulation on PTS symptoms in a sample of women enrolled in substance use disorder treatment. Results indicate that bodily dissociation and emotion regulation had significant direct effects on PTS symptoms from baseline to a 6-month follow-up, and that bodily dissociation also may indirectly operate to reduce PTS symptoms through its effect on emotion regulation difficulties. These results suggest the importance of addressing bodily dissociation and emotion regulation difficulties in women's substance use disorder treatment.
Nitrogen status in maize grown at different row spacings and nitrogen availability
Authors: Barbieri Pablo A. , Echeverría Hernán E. , Rozas Hernán R. Sainz , Andrade Fernando H.
Published: September 2013

Barbieri, P. A., Echeverría, H. E., Sainz Rozas, H. R. and Andrade, F. H. 2013. Nitrogen status in maize grown at different row spacings and nitrogen availability. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 1049–1058. Improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is imperative to sustainable agriculture. To attain this goal in maize crops (Zea mays L.) there are nitrogen (N) diagnosis methods that enable determination of a crop's nutritional status by analysis of plant parts. Maize planted in narrow rows (NR) can have increased dry matter (DM), grain yield and accumulated N. However, no reports have been found on the effect of NR of N in plant diagnosis methods. An experiment was performed over 3 yr to evaluate NR and N fertilizer rates on the N dilution curve, N concentration in grain and chlorophyll content in maize. Treatments consisted of a factorial combination of row width (70, 52 and 35 cm) and N rate (0 to 180 kg N ha−1). The N dilution curves adjusted for fertilized or control treatments were similar among row spacing. Nitrogen concentration in grain was correlated with relative yield (RY), and similar critical values for N response were similar between row spacings. Leaf chlorophyll content increased with N and NR; however, green index (GI) and N sufficiency index (NSI) values were not different between row spacing when correlated to RY. These results indicate that response thresholds to N fertilization determined on plant tissue for NR treatments were similar among row spacings. Thus, there is no need to adjust the response thresholds to N application based on row spacing, as NR did not cause any changes in physiological efficiency (PE) due to the determined proportional increases, both in accumulated N in DM and grain yield.
Morphology, phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifoliumAit.) plants as affected by in vitro and ex vitro propagation methods
Authors: Goyali Juran C. , Igamberdiev Abir U. , Debnath Samir C.
Published: September 2013

Goyali, J. C., Igamberdiev, A. U. and Debnath, S. C. 2013. Morphology, phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of lowbush blueberry ( Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) plants as affected by in vitro and ex vitro propagation methods. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 1001–1008. The lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.), a commercially important crop in eastern Canada and the United States of America, is native to North America. It is one of the richest sources of antioxidant compounds and has been reported to be a potential component in reducing the incidence of cancers and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of propagation methods on morphological characters, phenolic content and antioxidant activity. A lowbush blueberry clone, QB 9C, and a cultivar, Fundy, were studied over two growing seasons after being propagated by conventional softwood cutting (SC) and by tissue culture (TC). Significant interactions among genotypes, propagation methods and growing seasons were observed for number of flower buds, total flavonoid (TFC) and proanthocyanidin (PAC) contents and antioxidant capacity. Propagation method interacted significantly with genotypes for the number of stems per plant and total phenolic (TPC) and chlorophyll contents, and with growing season for number of flower buds, TFC and PAC. TC plants produced higher number of stems and branches compared with SC plants. TPC, TFC, PAC, chlorophyll content and antioxidant activity were found in higher levels in the leaves of QB 9C compared with those of Fundy plants. The juvenile characteristics of TC plants which are triggered by growth hormones and readily available nutrients of culture media may be responsible for differences in morphological traits and antioxidant activity.