bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERUBAHAN MATA PENCAHARIAN MASYARAKAT DARI PETANI KE PENGRAJIN BATU BATA DI DUSUN DASAN BARU DESA LENEK DAYA KECAMATAN AIKMEL DALAM TINJAUAN EKONOMI
Authors: Hafis Abdul
Published: June 2022

Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam melaksanakan penenelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini juga bisa dikatakan penelitian deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan data dan menguraikannya secara menyeluruh dan teliti sesuai dengan persoalan yang akan dipecahkan. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) sumber data primer, yaitu petani atau pengrajin batu bata, tokoh masyarakat, tokoh agama dan tokoh pemuda serta kepala desa dan dusun (2) sumber data sekunder, yaitu berupa dokumen-dokumen. Untuk dapat memperoleh data yang diperlukan dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan beberapa metode, yaitu: observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi. Data-data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif yang terdiri dari empat kegiatan, yaitu pertama pengumpulan data. Kedua, reduksi data. Ketiga, penyajian data. Keempat, penarikan kesimpulan atau verifikasi.Hasil penelitian disimpulkan: (1) Perkembangan industri kerajinan batu bata mempengaruhi kehidupan sosial ekonomi masyarakat, termasuk struktur sosialnya antara lain status sosial, tingkat pendidikan dan peranan wanita dalam keluarga. Tingkat pendidikan masyarakat Dusun Dasan Baru sedikit demi sedikit mengalami peningkatan. Hal ini dikarenakan adanya peningkatan perekonomian masyarakat yang disebabkan adanya tambahan pendapatan dari industri kerajinan batu bata. Di samping dari kesadaran masyarakat tentang arti pentingnya pendidikan dan kemajuan zaman. Terjadi pula perubahan status sosial masyarakat. Masyarakat yang berpendidikan tinggi mempunyai status sosial yang tinggi pula dalam masyarakat. Sedangkan perubahan peran wanita yang terjadi lebih pada keikutsertaan wanita dalam membantu perekonomian keluarga. (2) Mata pencaharian masyarakat Dusun Dasan Baru mayoritas masih disektor pertanian. Tidak sepenuhnya masyarakat berpindah mata pencaharian. Banyak masyarakat yang memiliki mata pencaharian ganda atau lebih. Misalnya masyarakat yang bermata pencaharian sebagai petani merangkap menjadi pengrajin batu bata, kuli, atau calo/tengkulak, pedagang dan sebagainya. sadanya industri kerajinan batu bata ini memberikan tambahan pendapatan bagi sebagian masyarakat. Ada yang menganggap bahwa bekerja sebagai pengrajin batu bata merupakan usaha tambahan. Namun ada pula yang menganggap bekerja sebagai pengrajin batu bata merupakan pekerjaan pokok. (3) Daerah pemasaran hasil industri kerajinan batu bata di Dusun Dasan Baru Desa Lenek Daya yaitu sampai ke wilayah bagian timur yaitu Sumbawa dan Bima, tetapi sebagian besar pemasaran produk batu bata Dusun Dasan Baru melayani Desa-Desa yang berada di wilayah kabupaten Lombok Timut, Lombok Tengah dan Lombok Barat. Cara pemasaran produk batu bata sebagian besar langsung kepada konsumen yang datang ke lokasi industri.
WISATA LEMBAH HIJAU DI DESA IJOBALIT DITINJAU DARI ASPEK PENGELOLAAN DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP EKONOMI MASYARAKAT
Authors: Badaruddin Badaruddin
Published: June 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan latar belakang berdirinya, mengambarkan manajemen pengembangan dan inflikasi wisata Lembah Hijau terhadap ekonomi masyarakat Ijobalit Kecamatan Labuahn Haji Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode historis dan untuk mengumpulkan data menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, sedangkan inflikasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pendiri, pengelola, tokoh masyarakat, pengusaha dan pedagang. Berdasarkan uraian serta pembahasan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa :Latar belakang diawali dengan ikhtiar Mamiq Selamet untuk mendatangkan air ke Ijobalit sejak tahun 1960-an namun baru pada tahun 1982, Mamiq Selamet mulai mengajak masyarakat bergotong royong membangun bendungan kokok pereko dan terselesaikan pada tahun 1996. Kemudian pembangunan saluran ini dilanjutkan dengan pembangunan sistem DAM dan selesai pada tahun 2000.Manajemen pengelolaan wisata area Lembah Hijau, sejak tahun 2003 manajemen pengelolaan mulai terlihat jelas yaitu manganut konsep manajemen usaha dagang. Dilihat dari pemasaran/merketingnya, manejemen pengelolaannya, manajemen usaha maupun manajemen keuangannya. Dari segi manajemen pengelolaannya, terutama dari segi rencangan (planningnya), pengelolaan wisata Lembah Hijau tidak melalui tahapan-tahapan yang biasa dilalui oleh mega proyek atau pemerintah namun semua tahapan itu dilalui secara bersamaan, sehingga dengan demikian manajemen yang dianut oleh pengelola wisata Lembah Hijau adalah manajemen professional. Juga dilihat dari manajemen pemasarannnya, pengelola wisata Lembah Hijau banyak melakukan terobosan-terobosan marketing ada yang melalui jasa siaran TV, Radio, Surat Kabar dan lain-lain.Sedangkan implikasinya terhadap perekonomian masyarakat juga terlihat jelas. Dengan keberadaan area wisata Lembah Hijau masyarakat Ijobalit telah kedatangan berkah ekonomi, karena disadari atau tidak keberadaan wisata Lembah Hijau dapat menampung tenaga kerja yang tidak sedikit. Bagi para pedagang setidaknya dapat meraup keuntungan yang lebih besar, demikian pula dengan para pengusaha jasa transportasi dan pemilik tanah disekitar objek wisata Lembah Hijau juga merasakan berkah ekonomi.
PELAKSANAAN PELATIHAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN DOSEN DI FAKULTAS ILMU TARBIYAH DAN KEGURUAN (FITK) IAIN MATARAM TAHUN 2014-2015
Authors: Wiliandari Yuli
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan pelatihan dan pengembangan dosen di Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan (FITK) IAIN Mataram Tahun 2014-2015.Penelitian ini didasari oleh adanya pelatihan dan pengembangan dosen di FITK IAIN Mataram yang dilaksanakan setiap tahun dalam upaya untuk peningkatan profesionalisme dosen. Namun apakah pelaksanaan bermanfaat sesuai dengan harapan? Tidakkah sia-sia dana yang dikeluarkan setiap tahunnya yang jumlahnya tidak sedikit? Untuk itu perlu ada penelitian untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan pelatihan dan pengembangan dosen.Penelitian ini dilakukan di Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan (FITK) IAIN Mataram dengan beberapa dosen yang tersebar di 10 jurusan Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Kependidikan (FITK) sebagai salah satu sumber d;p[atanya.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif deskriftif. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan uji validitas data menggunakan perpanjangan pengamatan/keikutsertaan, ketekunan pengamatan, dan triangulasi.Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pelatihan dan pengembangan dosen Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Kependidikan (FITK) IAIN Mataram Tahun 2014-2015, sebagian besar sudah sesuai dengan langkah-langkah yang ideal, dengan kata lain sudah cukup efektif. Tetapi terdapat beberapa kekurangan yang harus diperbaiki.
DAYA SERAP ANGGARAN PENDIDIKAN DI KOTA MATARAM
Authors: Yusrini Bq. Ari
Published: June 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perencanaan anggaran pendidikan berbasis kinerja di Kota Mataram dan mengetahui daya serap anggaran pendidikan berbasis kinerja di Kota Mataram. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Tujuannya untuk mengungkap fakta yang terdapat dilapangan dan memusatkan pada pemecahan masalah yang ada pada masa sekarang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Rata-rata selama 10 (sepuluh) tahun anggaran pendidikan di DIKPORA Kota Mataram sebesar 40,88 persen dari APBD. Rencana Kerja Anggaran (RKA) DIKPORA Kota Mataram yang telah disusun 90 persennya merupakan belanja tidak langsung, sisanya 10 persen digunakan untuk belanja langsung. Daya serap anggaran tahun 2013-2016 membentuk pola, dimana pada triwulan I penyerapannya sangat lambat (17,97 persen) tetapi pada triwulan IV sangat cepat (98,17 persen). Nilai tersebut lebih besar bila dibandingkan dengan rata-rata nasional yang mencapai 96,86 persen.
KEEFEKTIFAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STAD UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR KOGNITIF DAN KETERAMPILAN SOSIAL SISWA
Authors: Haliliah Haliliah
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji keefektifan metode pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Team Achievement Divisions (STAD) dibandingkan dengan metode caramah dalam pembelajaran IPS untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar kognitif dan keterampilan sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan eksperimen semu dengan desain pretest-posttest group design. Data dianalisis secara multivariat dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05 untuk pengujian kesamaan rata-rata kelompok dan ditindak lanjuti dengan analisis univariat pada taraf signifikansi 0,05.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Metode pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD lebih efektif secara signifikan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar kognitif dibandingkan dengan metode ceramah, dan 2) Metode pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD lebih efektif secara signifikan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan sosial dibandingkan dengan metode ceramah. Metode pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD memiliki empat unsur penting: 1) penyampaian materi, 2) kerja kelompok, 3) Presentasi kelompok, dan 4) pemberian kuis.
“HAJI” ANTARA KEWAJIBAN AGAMA ATAU SEBAGAI MODAL SOSIAL (STUDI PADA MASYARAKAT DESA SURADADI KECAMATAN TERARA)
Authors: Rasyad Abdul
Published: June 2022

Terdapat persoalan baru tentang gelar haji tersebut yakni, gelar haji secara pelan-pelan dan tidak disadari oleh masyarakat dapat membawa suatu perbedaan kepada masyarakat lainnya, yakni dalam bentuk munculnya lapisan-lapisan sosial pada kehidupan masyarakat. Hal ini tercermin dari adanya perbedaan penampilan dan penghormatan dari masyarakat yang sudah bergelar haji dengan masyarakat yang belum melaksanakan ibadah haji, lama-kelamaan perbedaan ini menyebabkan timbulnya kelas-kelas sehingga terjadi persaingan dan kompetisi dalam untuk mendapatkan kelas dan status terbaik dihadapan masyarakat. Penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan penerapan kualitatif. Objek penelitiannya adalah masyarakat Desa Suradadi yang bergelar haji, dan yang menjadi subjek penelitiannya adalah masyarakat jajar karang yang terdapat pada Dusun Suradadi Selatan Kecamatan Terara, dengan fokus penelitian pada 10 orang informan yang terdiri dari: 3 orang masyarakat yang sudah bergelar haji, 3 orang masyarakat calon haji yang masih berada pada daftar tunggu (waiting listI), 2 orang masyarakat biasa yang kurang mampu, 1 orang tokoh agama, dan 1 orang dari tokoh masyarakat. Teknik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan 2 jenis data yakni: data primer yang terdiri dari Observasi dan wawancara, dan data skunder yang berupa dokumentasi. Teknik analisis datanya menggunakan teknik analisis data deskriptif  kualitatif. Masyarakat berusaha meningkatkan statusnya dalam masyarakat, serta terdapatnya hubungan antara gelar haji dengan peningkatan status sosial masyarakat yang terwujud dalam modal sosial. Hasil penelitian ini sesuai dengan teorinya Marx tentang adanya sejarah perjuangan kelas pada masyarakat, dan modal sosial yang berupa gelar haji inilah yang ditempuh masyarakat untuk menaikkan dan memperkuat status sosialnya. Gelar haji ini dibutuhkan oleh semua elemen atau kelompok sosial dalam masyarakat, baik itu pada masyarakat jajar karang dan atau pun masyarakat bangsawan, keduanya sama-sama membutuhkan gelar haji tersebut. Gelar haji ini selain sebagai perwujudan pelaksanaan perintah agama, ternyata juga berdampingan dengan modal sosial masyarakat, yakni memiliki nilai ganda selain sebagai pelaksanaan perintah agama juga berfungsi sebagai media peningkatan dan memperkuat status sosial seseorang dalam masyarakat atau disebut sebagai modal sosial seperti teorinya Francis Fukuyama.
“Love Is Love”: Unitary Caring Science Principles in Veteran’s Illness Narratives of Living With Heart Failure in Stories of the Heart Research Study
Authors: Johnson-Koenke Rachel , Horton-Deutsch Sara , Pratt-Hopp Faith , Jones Jacqueline , Oman Kathleen S.
Published: June 2022

Heart failure impacts millions globally, yet relatively little information is available from a holistic, narrative perspective. This research brief used a unitary caring science perspective to explore illness narratives of military veterans with heart failure receiving care from a U.S. Veterans Administration facility. Five veterans were interviewed. Results were analyzed using established narrative methods. Components of unitary caring science that emerged included interconnection, caring, the importance of story, and meaning creation. These findings inform and expand unitary caring science research, expanding this approach to interdisciplinary applications and advancing understanding of the experience of U.S. veterans with heart failure.
Antioxidant activity of petunias with the heterologous ribonuclease ZRNase II gene infected with tobacco mosaic virus
Authors: Potrohov Andrii , Ovcharenko Olga , Sosnovskaya Daria
Published: June 2022

Background. Constant changes in environmental conditions cause the development of stress reactions in plants. Under conditions of moderate intensity and temporary action of the stress factor, the strengthening of protective systems and the mobilization of energy resources take place. However, if the stress factor has a long-term effect, the cells begin the processes of lipid peroxidation (LPO), inhibition of energy production and reduction of protein synthesis with its subsequent destruction. Under conditions of excessive stress, there is a balance between antioxidant activity (AOA) and LPO, which is necessary to maintain normal cell function. Oxidation intermediates can serve as inducers and mediators of stress. Phytovirus infection can lead to pathological changes in the body of a plant. The progression of the infectious process in the body of the affected plant is associated with stress reactions and disruption of its normal viability.
Objective. We are aimed to assess the degree of progress of stress reactions caused by biotic stressors in control and transgenic (with ZRNase II gene) petunia plants.
Methods. Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) was used to infect petunia plants. The degree of progress of stress reactions in transgenic petunia plants with the ZRNase II gene before and after infection with TMV was studied by POL and AOA indicators. Two genetically distinct lines of petunia (M1 and P5) were used to obtained transgenic plants. To assess the progress of LPO, the accumulation of initial and final products (diene conjugates and malonic dialdehyde) was determined.
Results. After the plants transformation, changes in the content of LPO products in leaf tissues were observed. Transgenic plants had a 10–15% higher content of LPO products, which may indicate that the transformation, in some cases, can lead to the progress of stress reactions in plants. Infection with TMV has contributed to the intensification of processes related to the protection of plants from the effects of negative factors. Studies of total AOA have shown that transgenic plants after infection had significantly higher levels (18–30%) of AOA compared with controls, which may be evidence of their increased viability under stress.
Conclusions. The positional effect of T-DNA incorporation in genetic transformation may be a stressor for the plant. Transgenic lines differ in terms of LPO and AOA from non-transgenic lines and from each other. After infection with TMV, a 4-fold decrease in AOA was observed in the plants. Effective expression of the ZRNase II gene helps to reduce viral load in certain lines. Lines M1.2 and P5.3 are of greatest interest for further virological studies, as their AOA activity was 18–30% higher than in control plants, which may indicate resistance to viral infection.
2020 Elections: “Stress Test” for American Federalism
Authors: Sharikov P.
Published: June 2022

Many events of the 2020 elections proved to have historical significance for American society. Impeachment to President Trump, Black Lives Matter (BLM) protests, coronavirus pandemics and urgent need to introduce unpopular measures to address the social-economic consequences together with other issues became a “perfect storm” for American political system, challenged the stability of its vertical and horizontal federalist dimensions as well as the foundations of party competitiveness. The author summarizes the implications of the 2020 events on the elections, which took place in November of that year. The vertical federalism was challenged by the conflict between President Trump and a number of congressmen, especially from the Democratic Party. Even though the impeachment didn’t remove Trump from the office – the political contradictions were clear. The horizontal federalism was challenged by the implications of the coronavirus pandemics and the urgent necessity to introduce national measures in addressing the issue. Some of unpopular measures had to be enforced by the decision of the Supreme Court. Besides, in many states, the primaries had to be cancelled or delayed. And eventually, the popularity of absentee voting instruments resulted in the victory of Democratic candidates in many states. The foundations of bipartisan ideological competition were challenged by the protest of the BLM movement, on the one hand, and Trumpism, on the other. All of these and other events had implications on the outcome of the presidential, congressional and gubernatorial elections of 2020, some of which were surprising. 2020 had established certain trends which will influence the midterm elections in 2022 and the upcoming elections in 2024.
Use of phosphorus- and potassium-solubilizing multifunctional microbes to support maize growth and yield
Authors: Khalisha Ana , Widyastuti Rahayu , Chaniago Iswandi Anas
Published: June 2022

Intensive chemical fertilizer use has led to environmental problems, ecological impacts, and dependence on chemical fertilizers. Microbial inoculants (biofertilizers) combined with mineral fertilizers can be used to establish an environmentally friendly and sustainable agricultural practice. This study aimed to observe the effectiveness of multifunctional microbes (S. pasteuri and A. costaricaensis) in their wild-type and mutant forms. The microbes can simultaneously solubilize phosphorus and potassium from minerals (rock P and feldspar) to support maize growth and yield. Microbial viability in the zeolite carrier was tested, and the treatment was applied to the field to determine the effect on maize growth and yield. The results showed that zeolite could maintain the microbe population at an average of 108 CFU g-1 during 4 months of storage. A field test revealed that all microbes treatments combined with minerals without the addition of chemical fertilizers could support maize growth and yield by producing maize ear. In particular, mutant A. costaricaensis can support dry stalk weight and maize ear length as effective as chemical fertilizers due to its ability to increase available P and exchangeable K in the soil. Overall, microbes could provide P but not K from the minerals and soil for plant uptake.
The Effects of Digital Empowerment Teacher Training Program Applying Virtual Reality on Digital Media Literacy, Teacher Efficacy, and Problem-solving Ability of School Nurse
Authors: Ha Young-Sun , Park Yong-Kyung , Kim Eun-Hwi , Kim Kyeng-Jin
Published: June 2022

Objectives: This study was conducted to examine the effects of digital empowerment teacher training program applying virtual reality on digital media literacy, teacher efficacy, and problem-solving ability of school nurse.Methods: A quasi -experimental study of pre- and post-experimental design was performed on 47 school nurse located in K city and the developed digital empowerment teacher training program was implemented. The data collection period is July 27, 2021, and the collected data is collected using the SPSS 18.0 program. Paired t-test were analyzed.Results: According to the results of the effect, it was found that there was a significant difference in digital media literacy and problem-solving ability.Conclusions: The digital empowerment teacher training program developed in this study can be used as an effective program to enhance the digital media literacy and problem-solving ability of school nurse.
Affecting Factors on Sleep Quality in Foreign Workers
Authors: Kim Soojeong , Kim Min Kyung , Lee Inkyoung , Cho Kyoung Won
Published: June 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to identify effects of stressors and psychological adaptation of foreign workers on sleep quality.Methods: Data from 97 participants at the Busan Foreign Residents Center were included in the final analysis. The questionnaire consisted of sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, job related characteristics, stressors, psychological adaptation, and sleep quality. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was performed to identify factors affecting sleep quality using SPSS 28.0 program.Results: There was no significant difference in sleep quality according to demographic characteristics such as gender, age, and education. In the case of health characteristics, sleep quality was poor when current or past smoking and subjective health status were moderate or unhealthy. As a result of the correlation analysis among stressors, psychological adaptation, and sleep quality, sleep quality was positively correlated with family stress (r = 0.21, p< 0.05) and psychological adaptation (r = 0.34, p< 0.01). As a result of hierarchical linear regression analysis, non-smoking (β= -0.25, p< 0.05) and salary of 1.5 million won or more (β= -0.34, p< 0.001) were factors that improved sleep quality, while psychological adjustment difficulties (β= 0.33, p< 0.01) was a factor that deteriorated the quality of sleep.Conclusions: We confirmed that smoking status, wage level, and psychological adjustment are important factors affecting sleep quality. It is proposed to operate a comprehensive mental health program for improvement of sleep quality for foreign workers.
A Critical Review of Propensity Score Matching in Causal Inference
Authors: Yu Jiwoong , Lee Woojoo
Published: June 2022

Propensity score matching (PSM) is one of the most widely-used causal inference methods to estimate the causal estimands such as average treatment effect or average treatment effect on the treated from observational studies. To implement PSM, a researcher first selects an appropriate set of confounders, estimates the propensity score, and matches the treated group with the control group using a matching algorithm such as nearest neighborhood or optimal matching. In this paper, we highlight the importance of investigating the assumptions employed in the PSM procedure thoroughly because they strongly affect the analysis result, but are not testable using observational data. We explain how to exploit the domain knowledge to avoid the potential risks from the violation of the untestable assumptions, and show how the research purpose is linked to selecting the matching algorithm and downstream analysis after PSM. In addition, to examine the vulnerability of the causal result, we highlight the use of sensitivity analysis for the analysis after PSM. These points are demonstrated in detail using National Supported Work data.
A rough variant of nontoxigenic Vibrio cholerae O139 imported from Vietnam
Authors: Westerström Pontus , Dragsted Ulrik Bak
Published: June 2022

Purpose (stating the main purposes and research question) Vibrio cholerae is classified in O-antigen polysaccharide outer membrane properties where O1 and O139 are strains that cause pandemics and epidemics while non-O1/non-O139 usually cause mild disease. The dynamic evolution of Vibrio cholerae involves new virulence factors through horizontal gene transfer and formerly nontoxigenic serogroups are being reported as causing increasingly severe forms of human disease. Our purpose was to investigate serogroup and virulence factors in one imported isolate from Vietnam and compare these to virulence factors seen in different strains of Vibrio cholerae. Methods This is an observational study where we have serotyped one isolate of imported Vibrio cholerae from Vietnam to Denmark and performed whole genome sequencing to identify known virulence genes and furthermore studied the epidemiology of virulence in pathogenic strains of Vibrio cholerae. Results We have identified virulence factors in our isolate that are recently discovered and one toxin, MakA, has not previously been reported from an Asian strain. The isolate was found to be a serogroup non-O1/non-O139 strain, however, sequence analysis gave a 96, 6% ID match of the wbfZ gene, stipulating our isolate to belong to either serogroup O22 or O139. Conclusions Looking at the combination of virulence factors of the isolate we suggest the finding of a rough variant of a nontoxigenic Vibrio cholerae O139 rather than a O22 serogroup version. This is a rare finding in a clinical isolate.
A case report of endografting using a long sheath under the assistance of a through-and-thorough wire technique for an extremely tortuous aortic anatomy
Authors: Minegishi Sachito , Inaba Yusuke , Endo Hidehito , Kubota Hiroshi
Published: June 2022

Introduction; Despite its rapid technological development and widespread uptake for thoracic aortic disease, an extremely tortuous aortic anatomy is considered a contraindication for thoracic endovascular aortic repair procedure. We report a case of a successful thoracic endovascular aortic repair using techniques to straighten an extremely tortuous aorta friendly. Case Presentation; A 78-year-old man with frequent surgical history of aortic repair was admitted to our outpatient clinic because of dyspnea and back pain. Enhanced computed tomography scan revealed type Ib endoleak, acute enlargement of the remnant native aorta and an extremely tortuous aorta. We successfully performed a thoracic endovascular aortic repair using a Gore DrySeal 65 cm sheath, combined with a Gore C-Tag device under the assistance of a through-and-thorough wire technique in the distal descending aorta. Conclusions: Using all the available techniques, thoracic endovascular aortic repair can be performed even in the most challenging cases.
Association between urinary sodium excretion and hard outcomes in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients
Authors: Cury¹ Cecília Malheiro , Banin Vanessa Burgugi , Reis Pamela Falbo , Caramori Jacqueline Teixeira , Barretti Pasqual , Andrade Luís Gustavo Modelli , Martin Luis Cuadrado
Published: June 2022

Background: If sodium intake directly affects the progression to renal failure or death in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients remains uncertain. We evaluated the association between urinary sodium excretion (as a surrogate for sodium intake) with the occurrence of renal failure and death in non-dialytic CKD patients. Methods: A cohort study of non-dialytic CKD patients, including patients that who have their first visit clinical appointment between October/2006 and November/2010 and followed until March/2017. The inclusion criteria were: at least two 24-hour urinary sodium samples evaluated and aged superior to over 18 years, and the exclusion criteria were: patients who underwent undergoing previous dialysis therapy previously, with in the malignant phase of hypertension, hepatic insufficiency, alcoholics, malignant neoplasms, and implausible biochemical examination values. To measure sodium intake, two 24-hour urinary sodium samples were collected at the first visit appointment and or at maximum six months later. The outcomes were renal failure (onset of renal replacement therapy (RRT) and death. Multiple Cox regression model was adjusted for age, creatinine clearance, smoking, and proteinuria/creatininuria ratio. Results: Were screened 292 patients and included 205 patients; during the follow-up period (until 125 months) there were 52 deaths and 37 patients developed renal failure. Considering the first quintile (urinary sodium below 2.51 g/day) as a reference, the second quintile (2.52 and 3.11 g/day) presented an adjusted Hazard Ratio of 0.245 (95% confidence interval: 0.660-0.912; p=0.036). Other quintiles did not present statistically significant association with renal outcome. There were no associations between the quintiles of urinary sodium excretion and death. Conclusion: Moderate sodium intake was associated with a lower risk of renal failure.
Research on the Cross-modal Cognitive Neural Computing Framework of the Brain and Mind Inspired Intelligence
Authors: Liu Yang , Wei Jianshe
Published: June 2022

To address the problems of scientific theory of brain and mind, common technology and engineering application of nature-inspired intelligence, this paper is focused on research in the semantic-oriented computing framework design for multimedia and multimodal information. The multimedia neural cognitive computing model of brain-inspired computing was designed based on the brain mechanism of nervous system and mind architecture of cognitive system. Furthermore, the semantic-oriented hierarchical cross-modal cognitive neural computing framework of brain-like computing was proposed based on multimedia neural cognitive computing model. Furthermore, the formal description and analysis of cross-modal cognitive neural computing framework was given. It would effectively improve the performance of semantic processing of multimedia and cross-modal information such as target detection, classification and recognition in high-resolution remote sensing image, and has far-reaching significance for exploration and realization brain and mind inspired computing.
Extracellular histones induce inflammation and senescence of vascular smooth muscle cells by activating the AMPK/FOXO4 signaling pathway
Authors: Yang Hang , Luo Yong-Yan , Zhang Lue-Tao , He Kai-Ran , Lin Xiao-Jun
Published: June 2022

Sepsis is an abnormal immune-inflammatory response that is mainly caused by infection. It can lead to life-threatening organ dysfunction and death. Severely damaged tissue cells will release intracellular histones into the circulation as damage-related molecular patterns (DAMPs) to accelerate the systemic immune response. Although various histone-related cytotoxicity mechanisms have been explored, those that affect extracellular histones involved in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction are yet to be determined. We found that extracellular histones induced senescence and inflammatory response in a dose-dependent manner in cultured VSMCs. Histone treatment significantly promoted apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing CARD (ASC) as well as NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) interaction of inflammasomes in VSMCs. Forkhead box protein O4 (FOXO4), which is a downstream effector molecule of extracellular histones, was found to be involved in histone-regulated VSMC inflammatory response and senescence. Furthermore, the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway was confirmed to mediate extracellular histone-induced FOXO4 expression, and blocking this signaling pathway with an inhibitor can suppress vascular inflammation induced by extracellular histones in vivo and in vitro. These results suggest that the AMPK/FOXO4 pathway is a potential target in treating histone-mediated organ injury.
Impact of preoperative white blood cell count on long-term outcome in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer: A retrospective observational study of Chinese patients
Authors: Wang Bei , Li Lihong , Wang Shilai , Zhou Changming , Sun Zhirong , Weng Meilin
Published: June 2022

PurposeThe correlation between preoperative white blood cell (WBC) count and the outcome in patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC) was evaluated in present study.Patients and methods:A total of 8121 Chinese patients at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) undergoing colectomy, Dixon’s or Mile’s, for CRC from January 2008 to December 2014 were enrolled in present study. Based on that the WBC optimal cut-off value was 7*109, the patients were divided into two groups, the moderate leukocytosis group (the leukocytosis group) and non-leukocytosis group. The impact of preoperative WBC count on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) was investigated using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard models.ResultsModerate leukocytosis (≥7*109) was recognized as a prognostic factor for survival independently. Moderate leukocytosis was significantly associated with male sex (P＜0.001), advanced T stage (P＜0.001), TNM stage (P＜0.001), and no preoperative chemotherapy (P＜0.001). Moderate leukocytosis group was corelated with poorer overall survival (OS) (P＜0.001) and disease-free survival (DFS) (P = 0.024) than non-leukocytosis group. In the multivariate analysis, the moderate leukocytosis group had a 19.6% higher risk in OS (HR = 1.196, 95CI%:1.088–1.314, P < 0.001) and had a 13.1% higher risk in DFS (HR = 1.131, 95CI%:1.016–1.259, P = 0.024) than the non-leukocytosis group. We found that the association with preoperative moderate leukocytosis and poorer OS (P＜0.001) or DFS (P=0.001) in patients with no preoperative chemotherapy in subgroup analysis.ConclusionsPreoperative moderate leukocytosis is associated with shorter OS, DFS indicating poor outcome in CRC patients after surgery.
Cervical X-ray versus CT scan: Radiologic Findings in Traumatic Cervical Spine Injury in Emergency Department
Authors: Seyedrezaei Seyedeh Omolbanin , Mahdavi Sepideh , Noyani Amir , Joukar Farzaneh , Largani Hossein Amiri
Published: June 2022

Objective: Head and neck trauma are among the most common reasons for referring to hospitals’ emergency departments. This study aimed to compare cervical X-ray and CT scans’ accuracy in diagnosing cervical spine injuries in trauma patients in Shahroud city.Materials and Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional study on patients with traumatic cervical injuries referred to the emergency department of Imam Hossein Hospital in Shahroud city from 2018 to 2019. Both cervical X-rays and CT scans were used for all patients. Firstly, the radiography, then CT scans were performed. An emergency medicine specialist and a radiologist examined crvical X-rays and CT scans separately for diagnosing cervical spine injuries. In this paper, CT scan findings were considered as the gold standard. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, positive and negative likelihood were used to determine the diagnostic value of plain radiography compared to CT scan. The Kappa agreement coefficient was also calculated.Results: Out of 115 participants, 7.8% (9 patients) had cervical spine injuries period 59.1% were male, and 40.9% were female. The mean age of patients was 39.8 ± 15.3 years. Car accidents, rollover, and motorcycle accidents with 39.1, 24.3, and 20.9%, respectively, were the most common mechanisms of causing injuries in these patients. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, positive and negative likelihood ratios for cervical X-ray were 55.56, 97.17, 62.5, 26.26, 96, 19.63, and 0.46%, respectively.Conclusion: According to the present study results, the accuracy of cervical X-ray compared to CT scan in diagnosing injuries occurred to the cervical spine due to trauma is low because the sensitivity of cervical X-rays in detecting injuries is very low. Therefore, it seems that the cervical X-ray cannot be considered as a suitable tool to rule out cervical spine injuries caused by trauma.
Artificial Intelligence-Based Intravenous Fluid Monitoring and Control System for Health Care Using WSN
Authors: M Sudha , Kandasamy Ravisankar
Published: June 2022

In recent years the wireless sensor networks plays a vital role in the medical field. WSN designed for medical application is referred to as Wireless Medical Sensor Network. In recent years, due to technological advancements; many jet-set techniques have been evolved for assuring fast recovery of the patients in hospitals. From the day, where the IV fluid enters into medical field a nurse or caretaker is responsible for the monitoring of intravenous fluid level continuously. The control of IV fluid flow is done through a flow sensor with a Bluetooth connection. Similarly, ECG and EEG are responsible for the monitoring of heart beat and oxygen level and there is no mobile application for control purpose. These problems are overcome using WSN and Artificial Intelligence which is the emerging technology in the latest years. With the help of this P2N (Patient to Nurse Intercommunication system) the patient’s status is continuously monitored.
Material Selection with Environmental Aspect via Data Envelopment Analysis: A Case Study Drinks Packing
Authors: Gavgani Saba Sadeghi , Sadeghi Nima
Published: June 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Thiol-Ene crosslinked cellulose-based gel polymer electrolyte with good structural integrity for high cycling performance lithium-metal battery
Authors: Zhang Hongbing , Wang Yujie , Dong Shuhan , Chen Wen , Yu Feng , Chen Yong
Published: June 2022

Gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) are considered the most promising replacements for liquid electrolytes that can be easily applied with long-life, safe, and solid-state lithium-metal batteries. However, the mechanical properties of GPE usually deteriorate dramatically when plasticized by the liquid electrolyte, which results in a significant decrease in the performance of the battery. Therefore, the long-term structural integrity and desirable mechanical strength are critical parameters for GPE to be ustilized in the high-performance battery. Here, an environment-friendly cellulose-based GPE is crosslinked by simple and effective thiol-ene click chemistry. The thiol-ene crosslinked GPE not only possesses higher mechanical strength (10.95 MPa) and rigid structure, but also enables the LiFePO4|Li batteries with ultra-long cycling stability. The capacity retention of crosslinked cellulose GPE can reach to 84% at 0.5C even after 350 cycles, which is much better than the non-crosslinked GPE suffering a rapid capacity decline after 200 cycles. This work provides a promising GPE to replace the commercial liquid electrolyte for lithium metal battery.
Human embryonic stem cell-specific role of YAP in maintenance of self-renewal and survival
Authors: Choe Mu Seog , Bae Chang Min , Kim So Jin , Oh Seung Taek , Kwon Yu Jin , Choi Won-young , Baek Kyung Min , Chang Woochul , Kim Joong Sun , Lim Kyung Seob , Yun Seung Pil , Lee Min Young
Published: June 2022

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have unique characteristics, i.e., self-renewal and pluripotency, that are clearly distinct from those of other types of cells. These characteristics of hESCs are tightly regulated by complex signaling mechanisms. In this study, we show that the yes-associated protein (YAP) functions in an hESC-specific manner to maintain self-renewal and survival in hESCs. hESCs reacted highly sensitively to YAP downregulation for cell survival. Interestingly, hESC displayed dynamic changes of YAP expression in response to YAP downregulation. Our results also demonstrated that YAP is critical for the maintenance of self-renewal. Meanwhile, we found that doxycycline upregulated YAP in hESCs and attenuated the decrease in cell survival induced by YAP downregulation. However, neither the decrease in the expression of self-renewal markers triggered by YAP downregulation nor neural/cardiac differentiation was affected by doxycycline treatment. Collectively, the results of this study revealed the mechanism underlying the role of YAP as well as a novel function of doxycycline in hESCs.
Mariculture carbon sink efficiency in China: Measurements and driving factors
Authors: Shi Xiuyi , Xu Yingzhi , Dong Biying , Nishino Nariaki
Published: June 2022

A measurements of China’s mariculture carbon sink efficiency (MCSE) and its driving factors analysis are conducted in this paper. First, based on the Super-SBM model, the panel data from 9 Chinese coastal provinces (autonomous regions) during 2015–2019 are used to measure the MCSE in China. Second, the STRIPAT method and ridge regression method are used to explore the driving factors of China’s MCSE. Third, a blueprint for China to achieve carbon neutrality is constructed, and the advantages of mariculture carbon sink are summarized. The results show that the mariculture carbon sink has a high carbon store and carbon flux, and it has a dual value of ecology and economy. Meanwhile, mariculture carbon sink has the less negative impacts on eco-environment. Further, the MCSE, on the whole, of the 9 coastal regions in China presents an upward trend in 2015–2019, and this trend is more significant in the Pan-Pearl River Delta (PPRD) and Circum-Bohai Sea (CBS) Economic Zone. In 2019, 66.67% of the regions in the sample is the SBM-efficient DMUs on technical efficiency (TE), and 88.89% of the regions in the sample is the BSM-efficient DMUs on pure technical efficiency (PTE). Finally, driving factors analysis shows that the affluence and service industry of a region may have a positive impact on the MCSE, while the population, urbanization and international trade may have a negative impact on the MCSE to a certain extent.
Improved Outcome in Penile Cancer With Radiologically Enhanced Stratification Protocol for Lymph Node Staging Procedures: A 12-year Study in 316 Inguinal Basins
Authors: Kumar Vivekanandan , Kumar Prakrit Raj , Juette Arne , Pawaroo Davina , Ball Richard Y , Sethia Krishna K
Published: June 2022

BackgroundLymph node metastasis is the main determinant of survival in penile cancer patients. Conventionally clinical palpability is used to stratify patients to Inguinal Lymph node dissection (ILND) if clinically node positive (cN+) or Dynamic sentinel node biopsy (DSNB) if clinically node negative (cN0). Studies suggest a false negative rate (FNR) of around 10% (5-13%) for DSNB. To our knowledge there are no studies reporting harder end point of survival and outcomes of all clinically node positive (cN+) patients. We present our outcome data of all patients with penile cancer including false negative rates and survival in both DSNB and ILND groups. Methods158 consecutive patients (316 inguinal basins), who had lymph node surgery for penile cancer in a tertiary referral centre from Jan 2008 to 2018, were included in the study. All patients underwent ultrasound (US) +/-fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and then MRI/ CT, if needed, to stage their disease. We used combined clinical and radiological criteria (node size, architecture loss, irregular margins) to stratify patients to DSNB vs ILND as opposed to clinical palpability alone. Results11.2 % i.e., 27/241 inguinal basins had lymph node positive disease by DSNB. 54.9% i.e., 39/71 inguinal basins (IBs) had lymph node-positive disease by ILND. 4 inguinal basins with no tracer uptake in sentinel node scans are being monitored at patient’s request and have not had any recurrences to date. With a mean follow-up of 65 months (range 24-150), the false-negative rate (FNR) for DSNB is 0%. Judicious uses of cross-sectional imaging necessitated ILND in 2 inguinal basins with non-palpable nodes and negative US with false positive rate of 6.3% (2/32) for ILND.ConclusionCombined clinical and radiological stratification of patients achieved a 0% false-negative rate for DSNB at a mean follow-up of 65 months. The same cohort of DSNB patients might have had 11.1% (3/27) FNR if only palpability criteria was used. 43 (28%) patients who did require cross sectional imaging as per our criteria had a low node positive rate of 4.7% (p=0.03). Mean cancer specific survival of all node-positive patients was 105 months.
Rapamycin nanoparticles improves drug bioavailability in PLAM treatment by interstitial injection
Authors: Shi Yahong , Jiao Chuqiao , Lu Xi , Nie Yifeng , Li Xiang , Han Dong
Published: June 2022

Background: Pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis (PLAM) is a rare interstitial lung disease characterized by diffuse cystic changes caused by the destructive proliferation of smooth muscle-like cells or LAM cells. PLAM is more common in young women than other people, and a consensus is lacking regarding PLAM treatment. The clinical treatment of PLAM is currently dominated by rapamycin. By inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway, rapamycin can inhibit and delay PLAM’s occurrence and development. However, the application of rapamycin also has shortcomings, including the drug’s low oral bioavailability and a high binding rate to hemoglobin, thus significantly decreasing the amount of drug distributed to the lungs. Methods and results: Here, we developed a new mode of rapamycin administration in which the drug was injected into the intrathecal space after being nanosized; the directional flow characteristics of the liquid in the intrathecal space were exploited to increase the drug content in the interstitial fluid to the greatest extent possible. We studied the rapamycin content in the interstitial fluid and blood after intervaginal space injection (ISI). Compared with oral administration, ISI significantly increased the drug concentration in the lung interstitial fluid. Conclusions: These results provided new ideas for treating PLAM and optimizing the dosing regimens of drugs with similar characteristics to rapamycin.
Association and interaction between metal aluminum and iron exposure and the risk of offspring’ congenital heart defects occurrence in northwestern China
Authors: Li Jing , Zhang Chunhua , Yi Bin , Mao Baohong , Liu Qian , Wang Yanxia , Dai Zhirong , You Chongge , Liu Qing
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study is to explore the levels of aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe) levels in maternal peripheral blood (MB) and cord blood (CB) and the relationship to the risk of congenital heart defects (CHDs) in the offspring. This matched-based birth cohort study with 194 controls and 97 CHDs-cases (proportion = 2:1) was included in this study. Serum concentrations of Al and Fe were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. Conditional logistic regression model was employed to evaluate the influence of Al/Fe and its interaction on risk of fetal CHDs, adjusted for confounders. Compared to the low quartiles of Al level in CB, risk differences were significantly detected in the highest quartiles of Al in total CHDs (aOR = 2.826, 95% CI: 1.009–7.266) and isolated CHDs (aOR = 10.713, 95% CI: 1.017–112.851). A significant dose-effect was observed between the Al level and total CHDs in both MB and CB (Ptrend < 0.05). Notably, co-exposure to high Al and Fe elicited a strong correlation on fetal heart development than low Al and low Fe in CB of total CHDs (aOR = 5.273, 95% CI: 1.897–14.657), multiple CHDs (aOR = 7.820, 95% CI: 1.672–36.588), septal defects (aOR = 4.747, 95% CI: 1.428–15.780) and PDA (aOR = 13.147, 95% CI: 2.415–71.565). Our data support that Al exposure(≥2.408 mg/L) poses a major health threat for the risk of CHDs, which can monitor fetal CHDs at-risk pregnancies.
Investigating Customers’ Continuous Trust Towards Mobile Banking Apps
Authors: Che Maohao , Say Sze Yee Ashley , Yu Han , Zhou Qingji , Shu Jared , Sun Wen , Luo Xi , Xu Hong
Published: June 2022

Gaining continuous trust from mobile banking customers is a critical step in retaining customers for their usage of the provided, and continually evolving services. The current study aims to investigate how customers’ continuous trust is formed at the post-use stage. Online survey responses from 450 frequent mobile banking users are collected. The data was analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM) based on a proposed model that predicts trust. The findings successfully validated the model and its reduced form. Based on which, customers’ continuous trust can be predicted by mobile banking apps’ perceived ease of use, privacy assurance and security features, organisation reputation, customer support, and customers’ previous experience. Furthermore, the interactive relationships among these proposed factors are proposed and validated in the model. In studying trust in mobile banking past the initial adoption stage, we present new knowledge on how various factors might interactively inform customers’ continuous trust. It adds to the scant literature on consumers’ continuous trust.