bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRATAMENTO DE EFLUENTES APLICANDO COMBINAÇÕES DE PROCESSOS CONVENCIONAIS E PROCESSOS OXIDATIVOS AVANÇADOS
Authors: Cirino Michelly  Mara Matos , Rocha Laila Maciel , Silva Milady Renata Apolinário da
Published: April 2020

Os resíduos provenientes das indústrias, esgotos ou redes pluviais, que são lançados no meio ambiente na forma de líquidos ou gases são chamados de efluentes. Cada efluente possui características próprias inerente a sua procedência, podendo conter as mais variadas substâncias de origem química ou orgânica. As indústrias, por exemplo vem gerando grandes quantidades de efluentes, nos quais suas composições variam de acordo com o ramo de atividade exercida. Nesse contexto, a grande quantidade de efluentes gerados e descartados na natureza despertam grandes preocupações e para isso métodos de tratamento vem sendo estudados, uma vez que algumas dificuldades são encontrados quando se aplicam os tratamentos convencionais, como por exemplo a remoção de cor dos efluentes. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho objetivou o estudo da aplicação de processos oxidativos avançados, que se baseiam na geração de radicais hidroxilas, que reagem com moléculas do contaminante degradando-as para o tratamento. O processo oxidativo avançado utilizado foi o foto-Fenton. Esse processo foi aliado a processos convencionais como o tratamento biológico utilizando reatores biológicos anaeróbicos (UASB) e o tratamento fisico-quimico que utilizou coagulantes químicos. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a união de processos foi eficiente quando aplicado, para a remoção de DQO de um efluente complexo como o chorume, proveniente de um aterro que recebe resíduos industriais e sanitário..
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO NA FORMAÇÃO DO PROFISSIONAL DE ADMINISTRAÇÃO
Authors: Gouvêa Larissa Corrêa , De Oliveira Ingrid Custódio Matheus , Da Costa Matheus Silva , Pacheco Miriam Nóbrega
Published: April 2020

O art. 4 da Resolução nº 4, de 13 de julho de 2005, do Conselho Nacional de Educação, prevê algumas competências e habilidades que os cursos de Administração devem possibilitar que o profissional formado tenha. Diante disso, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar a importância do Estágio Supervisionado na formação do Administrador à luz do parecer do Ex-Estagiário e da Organização, frente às competências exigidas pelo Conselho Nacional de Educação. A amostra foi composta, em cada uma das empresas, por cinco ex-estagiários formados em administração e efetivados no período de 2013 a 2018, o atual responsável pelo programa de estágio e um gestor que efetivou um desses profissionais de administração, em duas empresas com sede no Rio de Janeiro e com programas de estágio estruturados, uma do mercado Segurador e a outra do setor de Gases Industriais. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa caracteriza-se como bibliográfica, descritiva, documental e quali-quantitativa. Com base nas pesquisas bibliográficas e nos dados obtidos das entrevistas, é possível identificar qual a importância do Estágio Supervisionado na formação do Administrador e concluir que, a maior parte das competências exigidas são desenvolvidas durante o programa.
QUESTION TO QUESTION (Q2Q)
Authors: Battistini Marques Angelo Eduardo , Peixoto Garcia Celso
Published: April 2020

Neste artigo apresentamos a concepção, estruturação e os primeiros resultados do Método Q2Q ("Question to Question") que procura construir uma nova forma de pensar as disciplinas práticas nos cursos de Engenharia da Universidade São Judas Tadeu (São Paulo). A partir da implantação da nova Matriz Curricular (E2A), as disciplinas práticas passaram a ter um papel primordial na formação profissional, valorizando a busca de solução de problemas e a construção do hábito de trabalhar com métodos científicos e que valorizem a experimentação, a criatividade, a curiosidade e o espírito de questionamento. A disciplina Laboratório de Práticas Integradas (LPI) é estruturada a partir dos objetivos de aprendizagem contidos em cada semestre e articulada em quatro tipos de estratégias: Experimentos Científicos, Desafios, Estudos de Casos e um Projeto ao final do semestre. Essas atividades são concebidas e classificadas segundo os Objetivos Educacionais (Taxonomia de Bloom) e de Aprendizagem (Taxonomia SOLO), alinhando os objetivos aos conhecimentos e competências desejadas às estratégias e aos processos avaliativos. Como se trata de um método em construção, avaliamos as percepções de professores e alunos sobre o aprendizado e também sobre o andamento das aulas e também os conceitos prévios e os construídos pelos alunos durante as aulas. Mesmo se tratando de uma proposta inovadora e que muda os paradigmas de uma cultura de aulas roteirizadas e previsíveis, e que ainda tem muito a ser elaborado, os resultados obtidos até aqui são bastante positivos e promissores.
The Frog Motor Nerve Terminal Has Very Brief Action Potentials and Three Electrical Regions Predicted to Differentially Control Transmitter Release
Authors: Ginebaugh Scott P. , Cyphers Eric D. , Lanka Viswanath , Ortiz Gloria , Miller Evan W. , Laghaei Rozita , Meriney Stephen D.
Published: April 2020

The action potential (AP) waveform controls the opening of voltage-gated calcium channels and contributes to the driving force for calcium ion flux that triggers neurotransmission at presynaptic nerve terminals. Although the frog neuromuscular junction (NMJ) has long been a model synapse for the study of neurotransmission, its presynaptic AP waveform has never been directly studied, and thus the AP waveform shape and propagation through this long presynaptic nerve terminal are unknown. Using a fast voltage-sensitive dye, we have imaged the AP waveform from the presynaptic terminal of male and female frog NMJs and shown that the AP is very brief in duration and actively propagated along the entire length of the terminal. Furthermore, based on measured AP waveforms at different regions along the length of the nerve terminal, we show that the terminal is divided into three distinct electrical regions: A beginning region immediately after the last node of Ranvier where the AP is broadest, a middle region with a relatively consistent AP duration, and an end region near the tip of nerve terminal branches where the AP is briefer. We hypothesize that these measured changes in the AP waveform along the length of the motor nerve terminal may explain the proximal-distal gradient in transmitter release previously reported at the frog NMJ.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe AP waveform plays an essential role in determining the behavior of neurotransmission at the presynaptic terminal. Although the frog NMJ is a model synapse for the study of synaptic transmission, there are many unknowns centered around the shape and propagation of its presynaptic AP waveform. Here, we demonstrate that the presynaptic terminal of the frog NMJ has a very brief AP waveform and that the motor nerve terminal contains three distinct electrical regions. We propose that the changes in the AP waveform as it propagates along the terminal can explain the proximal-distal gradient in transmitter release seen in electrophysiological studies.
Mass spectrometry-based steroid profiling in primary bilateral macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia
Authors: Hannah-Shmouni Fady , Berthon Annabel , Faucz Fabio R , Briceno Juan Medina , Maria Andrea Gutierrez , Demidowich Andrew , Peitzsch Mirko , Masjkur Jimmy , Bonnet-Serrano Fidéline , Vaczlavik Anna , Bertherat Jérôme , Reincke Martin , Eisenhofer Graeme , Stratakis Constantine A
Published: April 2020

Biochemical characterization of primary bilateral macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia (PBMAH) by distinct plasma steroid profiles and its putative correlation to disease has not been previously studied. LC-MS/MS–based steroid profiling of 16 plasma steroids was applied to 36 subjects (22 females, 14 males) with PBMAH, 19 subjects (16 females, 3 males) with other forms of adrenal Cushing's syndrome (ACS), and an age and sex-matched control group. Germline ARMC5 sequencing was performed in all PBMAH cases. Compared to controls, PBMAH showed increased plasma 11-deoxycortisol, corticosterone, 11-deoxycorticosterone, 18-hydroxycortisol, and aldosterone, but lower progesterone, DHEA, and DHEA-S with distinct differences in subjects with and without pathogenic variants in ARMC5. Steroids that showed isolated differences included cortisol and 18-oxocortisol with higher (P < 0.05) concentrations in ACS than in controls and aldosterone with higher concentrations in PBMAH when compared to controls. Larger differences in PBMAH than with ACS were most clear for corticosterone, but there were also trends in this direction for 18-hydroxycortisol and aldosterone. Logistic regression analysis indicated four steroids – DHEA, 11-deoxycortisol, 18-oxocortisol, and corticosterone – with the most power for distinguishing the groups. Discriminant analyses with step-wise variable selection indicated correct classification of 95.2% of all subjects of the four groups using a panel of nine steroids; correct classification of subjects with and without germline variants in ARMC5 was achieved in 91.7% of subjects with PBMAH. Subjects with PBMAH show distinctive plasma steroid profiles that may offer a supplementary single-test alternative for screening purposes.
An Alternative Technique for Ascending and Arcus Aorta Repair in Case of Vascular Diameter Mismatch
Authors: Ketenci Bulend , Kehlibar Tamer , Özhan Abdulkerim , Yilmaz Mehmet , Guler Erhan , Karakaya Canan , Memetoglu Mehmet Erdem , Demirtas Murat
Published: April 2020

Complicated Type A intramural hematoma involving the arcus aorta requires emergency correction of the aortic arch. Surgical options include reimplantation of the brachiocephalic vessels as an island to a vascular graft, debranching aortic arch surgery, and Kazui technique. This report describes a modified technique for aortic arch repair in a patient with vascular diameter mismatch between the ascending and descending aorta, as well as an intimal tear between the brachiocephalic vessels.
Behaviour change interventions in breast and cervical cancer screening promotion
Authors: Savicka Vita , Circene Ingrida
Published: April 2020

To encourage women to participate in breast and cervical state-paid screening programs, an experiment was conducted, during which easy access was provided to the screening and each woman who had not used the state-paid screening opportunity was addressed through direct communication. Screening coverage after the experiment improved up to 288%, demonstrating the importance of a behavioural economics nudge approach and tailored communication in the overall health communication process provided within the socio-ecological model.
COMPETITIVENESS OF UKRAINE’S BANKING SERVICES MARKET: SCALE FACTOR
Authors:   National University of Food Technologies, Educational and Research Center of the NAS of Ukraine, SHIRINYAN Aram , SHIRINYAN Lada
Published: April 2020

The need for effective development of Ukraine’s banking services market under conditions of expansion of foreign capital and international business rules requires the presence of competitive advantages of the national suppliers of banking services. In this context and from the point of view of the European integration processes in Ukraine’s economy, the development of modern tools of prudential supervision by the authorized bodies is becoming relevant. The authors for the first time define the concept of competitiveness of the banking services market and analyze this competitiveness from the standpoint of estimation and comparison of the market indicators set of one country over aggregate indicators of corresponding markets of other countries. A new unified methodology of complex estimation of the competitiveness of the banking services market based on the system of quantitative assessments and criteria is developed. The presented research covers the following points of the analysis of the market: territorial borders, capacity and scales; density and compactness of banks and branches; openness of the market; capacity and importance of services; density of income and services; entry and exit barriers; capitalization limits of banks; level of development of innovative services. The approach with regard to the scale factor analysis of Ukraine’s banking services market for 2007–2017 is approved. The comparison of data and quantitative indices of Ukraine’s banking services market with the corresponding indices of other commensurate countries of euro-zone and world countries is performed. The place of Ukraine’s banking services market at the international level is determined. Such a comparison is provided in the context of markets in the countries with developed and transition economies. It is found that at the world level and within the euro-zone, Ukraine’s banking services market corresponds to a small scale; the heterogeneity and disproportionality of services within the country are present; there exist approximately equal influences of residents and foreign owners of banks; the market has high entry barriers for new players and is at the beginning stage of the digital revolution. Bankruptcy of the largest bank will be tangible for the banking sector of Ukraine, but not destructive for the financial system of the country.
De lo internacional a lo transnacional. Renovación y complejidad en la Historia de las Relaciones Internacionales
Authors: Figallo Beatriz , Henríquez María José
Published: April 2020

El artículo reflexiona sobre la tensión que se vislumbra entre la Historia de las Relaciones Internacionales y las perspectivas transnacionales y globales; un proceso de construcción de conocimiento que viene renovando, cuestionando y complejizando la manera de hacer Historia Internacional, especialmente en el espacio iberoamericano. Se considera que los enfoques y niveles de análisis de las interrelaciones históricas se solapan en un campo disciplinario cuyos límites se han desdibujado, estimando que esta realidad historiográfica se vincula con la problematización del Estado como actor y motor de iniciativas, con el abandono de nacionalismos epistemológicos y con el contexto tanto del sujeto como del objeto de estudio.***Do internacional ao transnacional: renovação e complexidade na história das Relações Internacionais***O artigo reflete sobre a tensão que se vislumbra entre a História das Relações Internacionais e as perspectivas transnacionais e globais; um processo de construção de conhecimento que se renova, questiona e dificulta o caminho da história internacional, especialmente no espaço ibero-americano. Considera-se que as abordagens e níveis de análise das inter-relações históricas se sobrepõem em um campo disciplinar cujas fronteiras tornaram-se turva, estimando que esta realidade historiográfica está ligada a problematizar o Estado como ator e força motriz de iniciativas, com o abandono dos nacionalismos epistemológicos e com o contexto tanto do sujeito quanto do objeto de estudo.Palavras chave: Relações Internacionais. Pesquisa Histórica. História Transnacional. História Mundial. História Internacional.
A agricultura e floresta dos alemães no Brasil: mobilidade, conhecimentos e transfers no Urwald (século XIX)
Authors: Relly Eduardo
Published: April 2020

Diferentemente dos aspectos mais propriamente culturais que subjazem a colonização rural teuto-brasileira dos séculos XIX e XX, os temas agrários e florestais permanecem estritamente localizados nas realidades ambientais e sociais do Brasil meridional. Vige como um discurso duradouro a impressão de que as práticas e conhecimentos agrícolas e silvestres dos colonizadores florestais teuto-brasileiros tivessem como origem as imposições da dimensão americana do processo migratório; logo, a ideia de ruptura dos sistemas agrários e de uso florestal se impôs sem maiores contestações. Neste artigo, objetivamos repensar estas suposições através do recurso ao conceito de transferências, embebido em uma roupagem de história ambiental e sob uma perspectiva particular da história do conhecimento, os conhecimentos de migrantes. Observa-se, assim, que o nascimento da agricultura florestal e ígnea teuto-brasileira também esteve associado aos saberes e práticas do mundo camponês alemão. Três vetores de transferência são com mais detalhes analisados: em primeiro lugar, o exercício de uma agricultura extensiva, carente de insumos de pecuária; segundamente, o recurso ao fogo como instrumento de conversão florestal e fertilização; e, por fim, a adoção de cultivares nativos pelas populações rurais teuto-brasileiras. Esses fluxos específicos permitem afirmar a mobilidade e conexão de conhecimentos e práticas silvestres e agrícolas entre Brasil e Alemanha. Assim, antes de ser um evento especificamente americano, a agricultura teuto-brasileira se revestiu de intensos hibridismos, marcados por fenômenos de transferência.
A Case Study in Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Kendrick Sharon K. , Kendrick Mark , Saakova Anastasiya
Published: April 2020

This case study promotes analysis through a brief investigation into the role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the operation of a multinational corporation as evidenced by Google, Inc. The study focuses on a transnational company in order to observe the impact of CSR practice on a global level. The study will present implications of CSR for corporate management, corporate employees, state regulators, shareholders, and customers in general. In addition, the study will discuss consequences of poor CSR compliance for a multinational corporation. Questions for analysis include implications of CSR, employee retention, development of corporate culture, and evaluation of advantages and disadvantages of different CSR approaches. Upon conclusion of the study, suggestions are made for future collaborative efforts in corporate social responsibility as applied to psychological, sociological, and economical motives. Recruiting and training possibilities also present partnership opportunities for best practice sharing in regards to community, civic, and service engagement.
Discrepancy between the default and financial distress measured by bankruptcy models
Authors: Skerlikova Tatiana , Rudolfová Lucie
Published: April 2020

This paper analyzes the discrepancy between the year when a company’s financial problems begin to be measured by bankruptcy models and the year of its default, regardless of the solution (bankruptcy or reorganization). The sample of 50 companies (not traded on financial markets, chosen by turnover, with data available) has been chosen from the list of companies which underwent bankruptcy proceedings in the period 1st January 2008 – 31st August 2013. The timing of the default has been compared to the beginning of financial distress according to the chosen models and the ability of the models to predict the default has been examined. The main objective of this study is to determine how long these not traded companies postpone filling. Our objective is to find out if the companies commence insolvency proceedings in accordance with their impaired financial situation measured by the standard formulas for predicting bankruptcy or if there is any delay. We have found out that companies defer commencement of insolvency proceedings measured by bankruptcy models at least for 2 years. Moreover we conclude that even debtors are not successful with their insolvency petition at their first attempt.
Land Grant System and its Impact on the Pre-modern Central Asia
Authors: Shah Imtiyaz
Published: April 2020

Pre-modern Central Asia was comprised of three principalities: 1. the Emirate of Bukhara, and Khanates of 2. Khiva and 3. Khokand. These principalities were caught in the web of socio-economic and political crises. To cope with these crises and to solve the problem of the expenditure of huge administrative costs, the Khans and Amirs distributed some portions of land from the state lands (amlok) as grants among their heirs, both civil and military officials. This paper concludes that instead of solving the problems, the distribution of land grant adversely affected the normative political order. The grantees, as landlords, began exercising enormous political and economic powers. These actions created immense exploitation of the subaltern tenants. The landlords siphoned off the tenants’ surplus and consequently subjected them to the most appalling conditions with their housing, food, and clothing.
Thermo-rheological analysis of WMA-additive modified binders
Authors: Abed Ahmed , Thom Nick , Lo Presti Davide , Airey Gordon
Published: April 2020

Thermo-rheological characteristics of unmodified and modified bitumen have significant impacts on the mechanical response of asphalt. This study investigates the impacts of an organic and a chemical Warm Mix Asphalt additive on bitumen thermo-rheological and mechanical characteristics. Modified binders with different concentrations of each additive were studied and analysed comparatively to a 40/60 penetration grade bitumen. Frequency sweep tests were performed at different ageing levels to characterise the Linear Viscoelastic properties. The multiple stress creep and recovery, linear amplitude sweep (LAS) and low temperature creep stiffness tests, together with the Glover–Rowe (G–R) fatigue parameter (determined from fitting of the 2S2P1D model to the complex shear modulus and phase angle master curves) were used to analyse the performance of the binders at critical operating temperatures. The results demonstrated the necessity to analyse the behavior of the studied binders beyond the limits of linear viscoelasticity to better characterise these types of bitumen. The results also indicated that both additives retarded bitumen ageing with the organic additive increasing bitumen elastic response while the chemical additive increased its viscous response. The results also showed an excellent correlation between the G–R parameter and LAS results which suggests the ability to use this parameter in characterising fatigue performance of the studied binders. This also suggests that bitumen fatigue life may be improving over time due to the increased elastic behahviour during ageing so long as a certain critical level of ageing is not reached.
Study of typhoon impacts on the foundation design of offshore wind turbines in Taiwan
Authors: Chi Shu-Yung , Liu Che-Jen , Tan Chih-Hao , Chen Yi-Hsuan
Published: April 2020

Taiwan is hit by an annual average of three to four typhoons with different intensities and routes. To consider the impacts of typhoon events on offshore substructure design, the historical metocean data for storm event-based frequency analysis are generally applied. However, whether a supertyphoon passes directly over an offshore wind farm has a great influence on the results of frequency analysis. Therefore, the American Bureau of Shipping has recently increased the return period of hydrodynamic loads from 50 to 100 years to address the higher variation in the severity of extreme storms in typhoon-prone offshore regions. In this paper, to assess the impacts of the increase in the return period (from 50 to 100 years) on the design of offshore substructures, case studies of different types of substructures (i.e. monopile, three-leg jacket and four-leg jacket) with different water depths were conducted for the offshore wind farms off the coast of Changhua County in central Taiwan. The quantitative differences in foundation design are presented by way of a comparison of substructure weights, overturning moments and pile lengths. The preliminary results of the case studies show that the monopile design is more obviously dominated by earthquakes than by typhoons and the jacket-type foundation is more significantly dominated by typhoons.
Geochemical Indication of Formation Water Influx to The Volcanic Hosted Hot Springs of Slamet Volcano, Indonesia
Authors: Harijoko Agung , Juhri Saefudin , Taguchi Sachihiro , Yonezu Kotaro , Watanabe Koichiro
Published: April 2020

DOI:10.17014/ijog.7.1.1-14The Slamet Volcano is an active volcano lying above a sedimentary rock substratum with three complexes of geothermal manifestations: Baturaden, Guci, and Paguyangan. In order to understand the characteristic and origin of the geothermal fluid related to the Slamet volcanic system emphasizing the identification of formation water influx represented by sea water signature in the thermal fluid, the water chemistry has been analyzed including stable isotopes of the hot springs, cold springs, shallow groundwater, rainwater, and river water surrounding the Slamet Volcano. The temperature of manifestations is in the range of 42 - 72°C, while the chloride concentration of the geothermal water is ranging from 17 to 754 mg/L. Specifically, the manifestations in Baturaden are distinctively featured by a huge travertine deposit. The values of Cl/B ratio and non-equilibrium state of the reactive elements indicate the existence of two main geothermal fluid flows discharging as hot springs at Baturaden, Paguyangan, and Guci complexes. Guci hot spring complex shows a similar characteristic as fumarole condensate water from the summit of Slamet Volcano which has been diluted by meteoric water. On the other hand, Baturaden hot spring complex appears to be affected not only by fumarole condensate, but also by the contribution of formation water from marine sedimentary rock. Meanwhile, Paguyangan hot spring is more likely as the outflow of a geothermal reservoir which has also been interacting with marine sedimentary rock. Furthermore, the signature of stable isotope of δ18O and δ2Η shows a significant portion of meteoric water contributing in the dilution of thermal waters.
Geochemical Evolution and Groundwater Flow System in Batujajar Groundwater Basin Area, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Suhendar Rudy , Hadian M. Sapari Dwi , Muljana Budi , Setiawan Taat , Hendarmawan Hendarmawan
Published: April 2020

DOI:10.17014/ijog.7.1.87-104Batujajar and its surrounding areas, situated in the west of the Bandung Basin, are geologically composed of various Tertiary rock formations with complex fold and fault systems. Springs and drilled wells in sandstone aquifers, tuffaceous sand, and tuffaceous breccias mark the development of their aquifer systems. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of the hydrogeochemistry by analyzing major ions and stable isotopes (18O and 2H) of thirty-four hydrogeological objects. The groundwater flow pattern in this area is controlled by northwest-southeast lineament, as indicated by the emergence of springs along the transition zone between areas with high and low lineament density. In order of dominance, the groundwater facies are as follows:Ca-Mg-HCO3>Ca-HCO3>Ca-Na-Mg-HCO3>Na-Ca-HCO3. Hydrochemical evolutions were detected from the change of cations from Ca2+ to Mg2+ and then Na+, and this is believed to be the product of cation exchange and dissolution of silicate minerals. However, evolutions toward anion changes were not apparent yet, meaning that HCO3- ions still prevail, or in other words the groundwater flow system is local. Nevertheless, the geological and hydrogeochemical analyses, along with the relative compositions of stable isotopes, revealed that the groundwater had three systems, namely shallow, intermediate, and deep groundwater flows; all of which were segmented in three subgroundwater basins (Sub-GWB). Aquifer systems with shallow to intermediate groundwater flow were found in Sub-GWB-A, Sub-GWB-B, and Sub-GWB-C, while the other ones with deep groundwater flow system were identified in Sub-GWB-B and Sub-GWB-C.Fracture system has an important role as a connector between recharge system in hilly areas and discharge system in plain areas.
Acute normovolemic hemodilution for a patient with secondary polycythemia undergoing aortic valve replacement due to severe aortic stenosis - A case report -
Authors: Han Ilsang , Cho Young Woo , Park Soon Eun , An Min Gi , Kang Ho June , Lee A-ran
Published: April 2020

Background: A high hematocrit level in patients with erythrocytosis is linked with increased blood viscosity and increased risk of thromboembolism. Therefore, it is necessary to adequately lower the hematocrit level before performing a high-risk surgery. Case: A 67-year-old man was scheduled for aortic valve replacement due to severe aortic stenosis. The preoperative hematocrit level of this patient was very high due to secondary polycythemia by hypoxia. We decided to perform acute normovolemic hemodilution after anesthetic induction to reduce the risk of thromboembolism in the patient. The patient was discharged after a successful surgery and a post-operative period without any side effects.Conclusions: We estimate that patients with secondary polycythemia may benefit from acute normovolemic hemodilution to reduce their hematocrit levels while undergoing cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass. However, it is necessary to control the hematocrit level, since a significant decrease can cause side effects.
Analgesic effect of ropivacaine with fentanyl in comparison with ropivacaine alone for continuous femoral nerve block after knee replacement arthroplasty: a prospective, randomized, double-blinded study
Authors: Kim Gunn Hee , Lee Joon Woo , Kim Go Eun , Lee Seong Su , Son Shill Lee , Kim Byung Uk , Cho Ha Na , Kwon Mi Young , Koo Min Seok , Kim Ji Eun , Yun Mi Jung
Published: April 2020

Background: The analgesic effect of perineural opioid in clinical practice are still controversial. This randomized controlled trial compared analgesic effect of ropivacaine with fentanyl or ropivacaine alone for continuous femoral nerve block following unilateral total knee arthroplasty. Methods: Fourty patients of ASA PS Ⅰ or Ⅱ receiving total knee arthroplasty with spinal anesthesia were enlisted and randomly allocated into two groups. Group R; bolus injection of 0.375% ropivacaine, 30 ml and an infusion of 0.2% ropivacaine at 8 ml/h (n = 20). Group RF; 0.375% ropivacaine, 29 ml added with 50 μg of fentanyl as a bolus and an infusion of 0.2% ropivacaine mixed with 1 μg/ml of fentanyl at 8 ml/h (n = 20). Local anesthetic infusion via a femoral nerve catheter was started at the end of operation and continued for 48 h. Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia with hydromorphone (0.15 mg/ml, 0-1-10) were used for adjuvant analgesics. Position of catheter tip and contrast distribution, visual analog scale of pain, hydromorphone consumption, side effects were recorded for 48 h after operation. Patient satisfaction for the pain control received were noted. Results: The pain visual analogue scale, incidences of side effects and satisfaction were not different between the two groups (P > 0.05), but the hydromorphone usage at 48 h after operation were lower in the Group RF than in the Group R (P = 0.047). Conclusions: The analgesic effect of ropivacaine with fentanyl for continuous femoral nerve block after knee replacement arthroplasty was not superior to that of the ropivacaine alone.
LC-MS/MS Label-Free Proteomic Data Acquisition v1
Authors: Allen Jamie , Gutierrez Danielle , Spraggins Jeff
Published: April 2020

Description of settings used to acquire LC-MS/MS data from label-free proteomic samples.
VU Biomolecular Multimodal Imaging Center (BIOMIC) kidney characterization pipeline for tissues collected through the Cooperative Human Tissue Network (CHTN) v4
Authors: Neumann Elizabeth , Allen Jamie , Brewer Maya , Anderson David , De Caestecker Mark , Gutierrez Danielle , Spraggins Jeff
Published: April 2020

We aim to develop high resolution, chemically informative imaginig methodologies for building an atlas of human organs, such as the kidney. Scope: Provide an overview of the methods used by the Vanderbilt Tissue Mapping Center as part of the Human Biomolecular Atlas Program (HuBMAP, NIH Common Fund) and contextualize individual protocols within our larger workflow.
Az ázsiai gyapjúfű (Eriochloa villosa) elterjedésének vizsgálata Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén megye északi részén
Authors: Virók Viktor , Farkas Tünde , Krajnyák Cecília
Published: April 2020

Az Eriochloa villosa (Thunb.) Kunth első magyarországi adata 2007-ből származik. Az azóta eltelt idő­szakban a faj intenzíven terjedt, az ország több pontján megjelent. A felmérések során Bor­sod-Abaúj-Zemplén megye északi részén vizsgáltuk a faj jelenlegi elterjedését. Arra kerestük a vá­laszt, hogy első megtelepedésének környékén mekkora területen terjedt el és ettől a területtől el­kü­lö­nül­ten, a vizsgált terület más részén is megjelent-e. A közleményben áttekintjük a hazai és az or­szág­ha­tár közeléből származó külföldi adatokat is. A felmérés során 58 lokalitásban találtuk meg a fajt, el­ső­sor­ban szántó­földeken, parlagokon, de zavart gyepekben is előfordult. Az 2007-ben megtalált lelőhely kör­nyezetében nagy területen elterjedt, de attól távolabb is megjelent, így a Sajó- és Bódva-völgyben, il­let­ve a Csere­hátban. Az Eriochloa villosa további terjedésére kell számítanunk, különösen az intenzív szán­tóföldi művelés alatt álló területeken, a zavart nyílt gyepeken, de megjelenése elképzelhető nyílt ter­mészetes élőhelyeken is.
Public Administration of the Agricultural Sector of the Bulgarian Economy in the Conditions of Implementation of European Standards (1989-2007)
Authors: Georgieva Mariia
Published: April 2020

Given the current state of European integration processes in Ukraine, a comprehensive study of the historical conditions of the reform processes in agriculture that took place in Bulgaria is urgent, which will help analyze the problems and determine the prospects for its development on the path to integration into the European economic space.

In this paper, a systematic approach is applied, which consists in a comprehensive study of the mechanism of state regulation of the development of the agrarian sector of the economy as a whole with the harmonized functioning of all its components. In addition, the methods used at the empirical and theoretical levels were applied, namely: comparative analysis – to study the methodological approaches, concepts, developments and proposals of leading domestic and foreign scientists on the features of state regulation of the development of the agrarian sector of the Bulgarian economy.

After more than ten years of participation in the European agricultural community, Bulgarian agriculture continued to seek its place in this country in the conditions of increasing competitive environment and dynamic conditions. According to the available statistics, it can be concluded that it has developed unbalanced, not taking into account the benefits that agriculture has in terms of natural and climatic conditions, namely soil and climate, and relying primarily on financial support from European funds. Thus, Bulgarian agriculture did not live up to the expectations of European investors who were emerging in the production of quality agricultural products, limiting the process of depopulation in the regions and ensuring employment (major or additional) of the Bulgarian rural population.
«Reformer» of Wilhelmine Era: Bernhard Martin von Bulow (1849-1929)
Authors: Papenko Nataliia
Published: April 2020

In the article the author examines the socio-political development of the German Empire during the reign of Emperor Wilhelm II. The author of the article tries to reveal the complex mechanism of the methods of policy of the imperial chancellor B. von Bulow both in the sphere of foreign and domestic politics. He began his activities in a difficult historical time not only for Germany but also for most of Western Europe. It was the time of Germany’s struggle for world domination. The political leaders of the leading Western European countries were representatives of the new formation, therefore, they had to act with new methods of management of society and not only them. The Reichskanzler B. von Bulow was ready to enact political and social reforms in order to weaken social conflicts and improve society as a whole. The author of the article emphasizes that unlike Western Europe, Germany at the beginning of the twentieth century could not completely free itself from the feudal-absolutist heritage. However, the rapid capitalist-industrial development of the country had an impact on all strata of the society and political institutions of power.

At the beginning of the twentieth century in Germany, conservatism crystallized as a consistent ideology coupled with liberal tendencies. A bright representative of this ideology was B. von Bulow. Intelligent, charismatic, he was not against the democratic changes at all, insisting that all kinds of changes in the country be introduced in order to promote the organic development of generally recognized state and social institutions. So they are not in danger. As a leader of the country, he understood well the need to abandon extremes of conservatism, from violent methods, insisting on the combination of conservatism and liberalism, thus creating a bloc of party unity. Therefore, he tried to act in a consistent, active manner.

At the beginning of the twentieth century Germany failed to build a stable parliamentary system. The Europeans considered the Germans “behind the facade of democracy”, because the effects of liberalization appeared there only from time to time. The article emphasizes that the liberals were not prepared to consider the radical projects of B. von Bulow, for example, general suffrage, because there were authoritarian traditions of the court, the army, and so German liberalism was weak and could not play a leading political role in the country.

Relevance of the topic of study is determined by the historical significance of problems raised in it. Significant political parties, political and economic forces have created a “geopolitical consensus,” leading Germany to a struggle for world domination.
Efficacy and safety of anticoagulant treatment for non-valvular atrial fibrillation in multimorbid patients
Authors: Izmozherova N. V. , Popov A. A. , Bakhtin V. M.
Published: April 2020

Objective. Assessment of the safety and efficacy of anticoagulant treatment in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) in a multimorbidity setting.

Materials and Methods. The cross-sectional study included 104 patients diagnosed with nonvalvular AF and followed in the medical facilities of Yekaterinburg. The subjects were interviewed, anthropometric measurements were made, and the risk of thromboembolic complications was evaluated using the CHA2DS2-VASc score. The Charlson multimorbidity index was calculated, and patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 with a low level of multimorbidity (not more than 5 points) and Group 2 with a high level of multimorbidity (6 points or more). The data are presented as a median and interquartile range (25%; 75%).

Results.The study population included 40 males and 64 females. The median age was 71 (62.5; 80) years. The level of multimorbidity was estimated as 5 (3; 6) points. Group 1 included 64 patients, and Group 2 included 40 patients. Thirty-nine percent of the sample patients had a paroxysmal form of AF, 10% had a persistent form, and 51% had permanent AF. The group of patients with a high level of multimorbidity included more patients with permanent AF and fewer patients with paroxysmal AF as compared with a moderate level of multimorbidity (p<0.01). Anticoagulant treatment was indicated for 92 (88.5%) patients. It was administered to 70.7% of patients; 29.3% did not receive it. Among patients receiving anticoagulants, warfarin was administered to 18.5%, and new oral anticoagulants (NOACs) were administered to 81.5%. Complications were reported in 15.2% of anticoagulant treatment cases. Bleeding was reported in 21.7% of cases of warfarin administration and 12.5% of cases of NOAC treatment (p=0.32). The median number of risk factors for bleeding per patient was 5 (4; 5.5). The Charlson index and the total number of risk factors are significantly correlated (R=0.37, p<0.05).

Conclusion. In real-world clinical practice in Ekaterinburg, Russia, 7 of 10 patients with AF for whom anticoagulant treatment was indicated actually received it; NOACs are prescribed four times more often than warfarin. With a higher level of multimorbidity, the risk of bleeding under the pressure of anticoagulant treatment increases; thus, NOACs should be preferred over warfarin for treatment of multimorbid patients.
Socio-demographic profile and maternal-fetal prognosis of emergency caesarean section versus caesarean section programmed on scar uterus
Authors: E. Mapatano Shalamba , Nabintu Mwambali , O. Nyakio Ngeleza , Omar Mukanga , J. Mulindwa Murhula , D. Mukwege Mukengere
Published: April 2020

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the maternal-fetal prognosis of emergency caesarean sections on the scar uterus to contribute to the reduction of maternal-fetal morbidity and mortality.Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study of pregnant women who were observed from admission to discharge including their newborns at Panzi Reference General Hospital in gynecology and obstetrics department. The sample was comprehensive for convenience consisting of 150 deliveries by caesarean section who had previously delivered at least once by caesarean section. (In 4 months, from 01st December 2018 to 31st March 2019). A pre-established survey sheet allowed us to collect the data. For data analysis, SPSS software and Microsoft excel were used. The chi-square test was used at the 0.05 level.Results: A total 95.2% of newborns were found to be of normal weight, their mothers were emergency cesarized but should be programmed and macrosomia was noted in 4.8%; (p >0.05). In addition, 57.1% of urgent caesarean sections scheduled to be performed were performed in female children (p <0.05). We note the low Apgar in 26.2% of newborns whose mothers were emergency cesarized but should be programmed; (p <0.05). Afterwards, 33.3% of the emergency cesarized gestates, their newborns were transferred to neonatology with transfer reasons asphyxia light in 50%, moderate asphyxia in 28.5% and in 21.5% for the infectious risk. The neonatal prognosis at discharge, we noted two cases of neonatal deaths or 4.7% in pregnant emergency cesarized (p >0.05). On the maternal side, morbidity was dominated by puerperal infections in 16.7% and uterine rupture in 2.4% in the emergency caesarean section, and no maternal deaths occurred in both groups during the study period.Conclusions: Maternal-fetal prognosis was characterized by asphyxia, neonatal infection and two cases of neonatal death. Study did not register a maternal death but we noticed puerperal infections.
Obstetrical complications among adolescent girls at the maternity ward of Ignace Deen National Hospital
Authors: Balde Ibrahima Sory , Diallo Abdourahamane , Diallo Mamadou H. , Sylla Ibrahima , Diallo Fatoumata B. , Barry Mamadou S. , Diallo Ibrahima T. , Sy Telly
Published: April 2020

Background: The objective of this study was to highlight obstetrical complications that occurred among adolescent girls who delivered at the ward and to identify factors associated with the occurrence of such complications.Methods: This was a prospective study of descriptive and analytical type extending over a period of one year from September 1, 2016 to August 31, 2017 carried out at the maternity ward of Ignace Deen National Hospital at Conakry Teaching Hospital (CHU). It covered a continuous series of 1034 deliveries among adolescent girls.Results: The frequency of childbirth among adolescent girls was 16.7%. The main complications identified were dystocia, severe preeclampsia, eclampsia, retroplacental hematoma, placenta previa, uterine rupture, severe anemia, postpartum hemorrhage and puerperal endometritis. These complications occurred among adolescent girls aged 18 to 19, christian, skin and pelvic bones secondary school or university students. Factors associated with such complications were the marital status (p=0.010), the gestational age (p=0.012), the number of prenatal consultations (p=0.001), the place of prenatal consultation (p=0.001), the reason for admission (p=0.000) and the mode of admission (p=0.000).Conclusions: Childbirth among adolescent girls is frequent in this context; complications are numerous but they are preventable in the vast majority of cases.
Role of serum anti mullerian hormone as a predictor for miscarriage
Authors: Singh Urvashi Barman , Srivastava Yashi , Dayal Meena , Jain Shakti
Published: April 2020

Background: Recurrent Miscarriage is defined as three or more failed clinical pregnancies at less than 20 weeks of gestation or fetal weight less than 500 grams that ends spontaneously. Ovarian reserve demonstrates reproductive potential and includes FSH, estradiol, inhibin B, and S. AMH levels. Women with very low AMH levels may have altered folliculogenesis that may influence early implantation to increase the risk of miscarriage. This study aimed to determine the serum AMH levels in patients with recurrent miscarriage and pregnancy outcomes in low (<1 ng/ml), normal (1-3.5 ng/ml) and high (>3.5 ng/ml) AMH groups and to evaluate the role of serum ovarian biomarkers in prediction of miscarriages.Methods: This was a case-control study conducted over a time period of 1 year, on 120 women attending the antenatal clinic in department of obstetrics and gynecology, Swaroop Rani Nehru Hospital, Prayagraj. The patients were divided into two groups, Group 1 (n=80) included women with previous history of abortions and Group 2 (n=40) included women with no history of abortions. S. AMH levels were analyzed and compared in both the groups.Results: In the present study, a significant negative correlation was seen between S. AMH and rate of miscarriages (p <0.05). Low AMH values were observed in patients with history of previous pregnancy loss.Conclusions: Diminished ovarian reserve contributes to recurrent pregnancy loss and should be considered part of the work-up for RPL. AMH levels in recurrent miscarriage patients were lower than those in a normal population.
A randomized controlled trial comparing oxytocin administration before and after placental delivery in the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage in a tertiary care hospital in Bankura district of West Bengal, India
Authors: Kirtania Rahul , Pal Jayita , Biswas Sisir , Aich Aditi
Published: April 2020

Background: PPH is the prime cause of maternal mortality worldwide. The incidence of PPH can be drastically combatted by application of uterotonic in active management of third stage labour. Timing of its administration is a matter of concern. This study aimed to assess whether timing of administration of oxytocin would have any impact on incidence or mean blood loss of PPH.Methods: It was a single blinded randomized controlled trial conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bankura Sammilani Medical College for 6 months where 100 antenatal mothers admitted for normal delivery in labour room were allocated randomly in study and control group considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Incidence of PPH and mean blood loss had been identified clinically by following them for 24 hours.Results: Only 9% of study population had experienced PPH. There was no statistically significant difference in incidence of PPH with difference in timing of administration of oxytocin (p >0.05). But there was statistically significant decrease in mean blood loss if oxytocin was administered before the placental delivery. The mean blood loss with oxytocin administered before placental delivery was 296.8 ml (102.45) and after placental delivery was 452.0 (128.87) ml respectively.Conclusions: Policy makers should keep in mind not only the incidence of PPH, but the mean blood loss amount too in a setting where anaemia in pregnancy is quite prevalent.