bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crosslinked All-Femtosecond laser-cut Corneal Allogenic Intracorneal Ring Segments (AFXL CAIRS): Pilot Ex-Vivo and In-Vivo Study in Italy
Authors: Mazzotta Cosimo , Zagari Marco , Bona Giulia , Ponzin Diego , Awwad Shady T , Jacob Soosan
Published: August 2024

Purpose: This pilot ex-vivo study and first clinical experience in Italy evaluate the impact of using pre-implantation crosslinking on all-femtosecond laser-cut corneal allogenic intracorneal ring segments (AFXL CAIRS).
Methods: Six human donor eye-bank corneas were used for the preclinical ex-vivo human study. Three corneas were used for AFXL CAIRS. First, they were prepared (D) with the IntraLase™ femtosecond laser (Johnson & Johnson, USA). The allogenic tissue rings were crosslinked before implantation with Riboflavin -UV-A accelerated crosslinking protocol (ACXL) with a 0.1% HPMC Riboflavin isotonic solution (Vibex Rapid, Glaukos-Avedro, USA) and the new KXL UV-A emitter (Glaukos-Avedro, USA). Three corneas were used as recipients (R) of the AFXL CAIRS. After completing the ex-vivo phase, the first two Italian patients were treated. A single ACXL CAIRS was implanted in a 51-year-old male with 53.53 D K steep, 363 m minimum corneal thickness (MCT) and a double ACXL CAIRS was implanted in a 46-year-old male patient with 58.30 D K steep and 443 m MCT. The follow-up was at three months.
Results: Crosslinking of the segments enhanced tissue strength and grip, facilitating manipulation and CAIRS insertion into the recipient tunnels and the yellowish color of the crosslinked segments improved visibility. The segment’s thickness and volume remained unaltered during the follow-up. Both patients improved UDVA and BSCVA. K steep and HOAs were reduced and MCT increased.
Conclusions Pre-implantation ACXL facilitated CAIRS insertion by increasing the viscoelastic consistency without altering physical characteristics and volume during the follow-up, rendering this important step a promising candidate in method standardization. Functional data and MCT improved significantly without adverse events.
Reliability-based Design Optimization for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells: Tackling Dimensional Uncertainties in Manufacturing and Their Effects on Costs of Cathode Gas Diffusion Layer and Bipolar Plates
Authors: Vaz Neil , Lim Kisung , Choi Jaeyoo , Ju Hyunchul
Published: August 2024

Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) have emerged as a pivotal technology in the automotive industry, significantly contributing to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The high material costs of the gas diffusion layer(GDL) and bipolar plate(BP) creates a barrier for large scale commercial application. This study aims towards addressing this challenge by optimizing the material and design of the cathode, GDL and BP. While Deterministic design optimization(DDO) methods have been extensively studied, they often fall short when manufacturing uncertainties are introduced. This issue is addressed by introducing Reliability based design optimization(RBDO) to optimize four key PEMFC design variables i.e., δ_gdl, d_ch, w_ch, and w_land. The objective is to maximize cell voltage(V_cell) considering material cost of cathode gas diffusion layer(Cost_cGDL), and cathode bipolar plate(Cost_cBP) as reliability constraints. Results of the DDO show an increment in V_cell of 31mV, with reliability of around 50% for Cost_cGDL and Cost_cBP. In contrast RBDO method provides a reliability of 95% for both Cost_cGDL and Cost_cBP.
Quantum-Machine-Assisted Drug Discovery: Survey and Perspective
Authors: Zhou Yidong , Karemore Gopal , Li Weikang , Liang Zhiding , Zitnik Marinka , Chong Frederic , Liu Junyu , Fu Tianfan
Published: August 2024

Drug discovery and development is a highly complex and costly endeavor, typically requiring over a decade and substantial financial investment to bring a new drug to market. Traditional computer-aided drug design (CADD) has made significant progress in accelerating this process, but the development of quantum computing offers potential due to its unique capabilities. This paper discusses the integration of quantum computing into drug discovery and development, focusing on how quantum technologies might accelerate and enhance various stages of the drug development cycle. Specifically, we explore the application of quantum computing in addressing challenges related to drug discovery, such as molecular simulation and the prediction of drug-target interactions, as well as the optimization of clinical trial outcomes. By leveraging the inherent capabilities of quantum computing, we might be able to reduce the time and cost associated with bringing new drugs to market, ultimately benefiting public health.
Role of Graphene Sheets in Controlling Effects of Radon Decay in Human Cells
Authors: Beesham Aroonkumar
Published: August 2024

It is known that Radon gas within the air could reach lung cells and cause cancer. We suggest a technique to absorb alpha particles radiated by Radon decay near DNAs within human cells. In this technique, we create some non-paired negative electrons on graphene sheets and build some negative graphene tubes. Alpha particles are attracted and negative beta particles are repelled by the graphene tubes.
Rel-(2R, 3S)-2-((Diphenylmethylene)amino)-5-Oxo-5-Phenyl-3-(Thiophen-2-Yl)pentanenitrile
Authors: Tasheva Donka Nikolova , Mihaylova Vesela Mihaylova
Published: August 2024

The reaction of 2-((diphenylmethylene)amino)acetonitrile with (E)-1-phenyl-3-(thiophen-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one was performed by using 33% NaOH in CH3CN for 30 min at 0°C. The main product - rel-(2R,3S)-2-((diphenylmethylene)amino)-5-oxo-5-phenyl-3-(thiophen-2-yl)pentanenitrile was isolated and characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS).
Access Pain during Transforaminal Endoscopic Lumbar Discec-Tomy for Foraminal or Extraforaminal Disc Herniation
Authors: Ahn Yong , Choi Ji-Eun , Lee Sol
Published: August 2024

Background/Objectives: Transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy (TELD) under local anesthesia is a promising minimally invasive surgical option for intractable lumbar disc herniation (LDH). However, our understanding of access pain prediction during foraminal pathological procedures is limited. To our knowledge, no predictive rules for access pain during TELD have been established for foraminal or extraforaminal LDH. This study, with its potential to predict access pain during TELD and to discuss strategies for pain prevention and management, could significantly impact the field of endoscopic spine surgery. Methods: This observational study included 73 consecutive patients who underwent TELD for foraminal or extraforaminal LDH between January 2017 and December 2022. Preoperative clinical and radiographic factors affecting significant access pain and the impact of access pain on clinical outcomes were evaluated. Results: The rate of significant access pain was 13.70% (10 of 73 patients). Extraforaminal LDH tended to cause more severe pain than foraminal LDH during TELD under local anesthesia (p < 0.05). Although the degree of access pain was not related to global outcomes, increased pain was strongly associated with a prolonged operative time and length of hospital stay (p < 0.05). Conclusions: TELD can be an effective surgical option for foraminal or extraforaminal LDH under local anesthesia. More access pain may develop during TELD for extraforaminal LDH. The extraforaminal component of LDH can narrow the safety working zone. Significant access pain may prolong the duration of surgery and hospitalization. Thus, a specialized technique is required for the clinical success of TELD.
Unveiling the Exquisite Microstructural Details in Zebrafish Brain Non-invasively using Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 28.2 T
Authors: Singer Rico , Oganezova Ina , Hu Wanbin , Ding Yi , Papaioannou Antonios , de Groot Huub J.M. , Spaink Herman P. , Alia A
Published: August 2024

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is an important animal model for a wide range of neurodegenerative diseases. However, obtaining the cellular resolution that is essential for studying the zebrafish brain remains challenging as it requires high-spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). In the current study, we present the first MRI results of the zebrafish brain at the state-of-the-art magnetic field strength of 28.2 T. The performance of MRI at 28.2 T was compared to 17.6 T. A 20% improvement in SNR was observed at 28.2 T as compared to 17.6 T. Excellent contrast, resolution, and SNR allowed the identification of several brain structures. The normative T1 and T2 relaxation values were established over different zebrafish brain structures at 28.2 T. To zoom into the white matter structures, we applied diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and obtained axial, radial, and mean diffusivity, as well as fractional anisotropy at a very high spatial resolution. Visualization of white matter structures was achieved by short-track track-density imaging by applying the constrained spherical deconvolution method (stTDI CSD). For the first time, an algorithm for stTDI with multi-shell multi-tissue (msmt) CSD was tested on zebrafish brain data. A significant reduction of false-positive tracks from grey matter signals was observed compared to stTDI with single-shell single-tissue (ssst) CSD. This allowed the non-invasive identification of white matter structures at high resolution and contrast. Our results show that ultra-high field DTI and tractography provide reproducible and quantitative maps of fibre organization from tiny zebrafish brains, which can be implemented in the future for a mechanistic understanding of disease-related microstructural changes in zebrafish models of various brain diseases.
Crossing the “European Green Deal” Maritime Measures and the Unfair Competition on the ETS Tax Regime—the Deviation Traffic Danger between EU and Non-EU Hub Ports!
Authors: Lynce de Faria Duarte
Published: August 2024

The maritime industry contributes to over 80% of global trade and ranks as the sixth-largest emitter of greenhouse gases. The International Maritime Organization has taken strides to reduce these emissions, while the European Union spearheads efforts to establish sustainable maritime transport.
However, meeting decarbonisation targets poses significant challenges, with the potential implications of adopting an EU Emission Trading System (ETS) on shipping allowances, particularly at specific borders. If not managed effectively, this could result in diversifying regular container shipping routes away from EU ports, potentially leading to increased shipping emissions and disrupting the logistics trade and security chain.
These challenges are exacerbated by the International Maritime Organization's lack of a carbon fee on bunkering, which creates an imbalance. The ETS Directive has fostered unfair competition between EU and non-EU ports due to discrepancies in applying emission unit allowances. It is imperative to implement preventive measures to contain and prevent the shift of operations from EU ports to nearby ports, ensure equitable treatment of EU transhipment ports and their competitors, and thwart carbon leakage.
Additionally, the recent Houthis attacks on the Red Sea have significantly impacted shipping costs on the Cape of Good Hope route to Europe, necessitating increased allowances to and from Europe.
Bioimpedance Analysis in CKD and HF Patients: A Critical Review of Benefits, Limitations, and Future Directions
Authors: Faragli Alessandro , La Porta Edoardo , Herrmann Alexander , Lo Muzio Francesco Paolo , Estienne Luca , Nigra Stefano Geniere , Bellasi Antonio , Deferrari Giacomo , Ricevuti Giovanni , Di Somma Salvatore , Alogna Alessio
Published: August 2024

Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) is a validated non-invasive technique already proven to be useful for the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of body fluids in subjects with heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although BIA has been widely employed for research purposes, its clinical application is still not fully widespread. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the state of art of BIA utilization by analysing the clinical benefits, limitations, and the potential future developments in this clinically unexplored field.
Enhancing Health Literacy and Self-Care Abilities among Individuals with Chronic Diseases
Authors: Kadar Kusrini
Published: August 2024

Health literacy is an essential element in the effective management of chronic diseases. It provides a foundation for individuals to understand, evaluate, and utilize health information, thus enabling them to make well-informed decisions regarding their care. For individuals living with chronic conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension, health literacy is not just about understanding their health needs; it is about empowering them to manage their conditions effectively, make informed healthcare decisions, and maintain a higher quality of life. This writing explores the multidimensional relationship between health literacy and self-care abilities among people with chronic diseases, examining the factors affecting health literacy, its impact on self-care, strategies for improvement, and the pivotal role of health professionals in this context.
Validity and Reliability of Holistic Nursing Competencies and The Patients’s Holistic Needs: A Pilot Study
Authors: Sohilait Hana Priscilla Frudence , Ismail Suhartini , Erawati Meira
Published: August 2024

Aims: This study aimed to identify the validity and reliability of the core competencies of The Holistic Nursing Competency Questionnaire and The Holistic Needs of Patients.
Methods: A pilot study with a correlational descriptive design was conducted to measure holistic nursing competency and the fulfillment of holistic patient needs in the ICU room of Dr. H. Soewondo Kendal Hospital. The study included 25 nurses and 30 patients. Holistic nursing competency was measured using a questionnaire, while the fulfillment of holistic patient needs was assessed using an observation sheet.
Results: The Holistic Nursing Competency Questionnaire is valid, reliable, and psychometrically robust, but the holistic needs of patients were reduced from 33 items to 29 valid and reliable items.
Conclusion: The validity test showed that the questionnaire and observation sheet were valid and reliable for measuring holistic nursing competency and the fulfillment of holistic patient needs. The study highlights the need to improve nurses' holistic competencies and address the challenges in fulfilling the holistic needs of patients, especially in critical care areas.
Mampukah Sistem E-Laporan Meningkatkan Efektivitas Pengawasan Kegiatan Penyuluhan di Kabupaten Sleman?
Authors: Kartika Pande Putu Dhika Yoni , Padmaningrum Dwiningtyas , Utami Bekti Wahyu
Published: August 2024

The extension e-report system is an online system used by field agricultural extension workers in Sleman Regency to report their extension activities every month online through the www.penyuluhan.jogjaprov.go.id website. This study aims to examine the influence of system quality on system use, inspect the influence of system quality on user satisfaction, test the influence of information quality on system use and user satisfaction, the influence of system use on user satisfaction, the influence of user satisfaction on system use, the influence of system use on individual impact and the influence of satisfaction users to individual impacts using the DeLone & McLean IS Success Model. The quantitative research method is carried out in all Agricultural Food and Fisheries Extension Center (BP4) in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Province, with 90 respondents in field agricultural extension taken using the census technique—the research analysis using SEM PLS with SmartPLS 3.0 software. The results of the study show that (1) the quality of the system does not affect the use of the system. (2) The system’s quality does not affect user satisfaction. (3) The quality of information affects the use of the system. (4) The quality of information affects user satisfaction. (5a) The use of the system affects user satisfaction. (5b) User satisfaction affects the use of the system. (6) Using the system affects the impact of the Individual. (7) User satisfaction affects individual impact. The research results are expected to provide input for improving this e-report system to make the supervision process more effective.
Hubungan Kadar D-dimer pada Ibu Hamil COVID-19 terhadap Kejadian Ketuban Pecah Dini di RSUD Dr. Moewardi
Authors: Anggriyani Widya Pramuni  , Prakosa Teguh , Setyawan Sigit , Ratnasari Affi Angelia
Published: August 2024

Pendahuluan: Salah satu komplikasi COVID-19 pada ibu hamil yaitu terjadinya ketuban pecah dini. Infeksi SARS-CoV-2 mengaktivasi sitokin-sitokin inflamasi yang berkontribusi terhadap suatu kondisi hiperkoagulabilitas dengan mengaktivasi trombin yang memicu terjadinya ketuban pecah dini. Salah satu marker dari koagulasi yang dapat menentukan prognosis pasien COVID-19 adalah kadar D-dimer. Dibandingkan dengan wanita hamil yang tidak mengalami COVID-19, peningkatan kadar D-dimer yang lebih tinggi didapatkan pada wanita hamil yang mengalami COVID-19. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menunjukkan apakah terdapat hubungan antara kadar D-dimer pada ibu hamil yang mengalami COVID-19 terhadap kejadian ketuban pecah dini.
Metode: Penelitian dilakukan melalui pendekatan cross-sectional di RSUD Dr. Moewardi, Surakarta dengan total 67 sampel yang tercatat di rekam medis pada periode Maret 2020 hingga Maret 2023. Setelah data diperoleh, analisis kemudian dilakukan pada software SPSS dengan uji Chi-Square.
Hasil: Hasil analisis menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar D-dimer dengan kejadian KPD pada ibu hamil COVID-19 (p=0,014). Ibu hamil dengan KPD memiliki kadar D-dimer yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang tidak mengalami KPD. Nilai Odds Ratio sebesar 0,261 menunjukkan bahwa ibu hamil dengan kadar D-dimer tinggi memiliki risiko lebih rendah untuk mengalami KPD.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar D-dimer pada ibu hamil COVID-19 dengan kejadian KPD. Peningkatan kadar D-dimer dapat menjadi indikator potensial untuk mengidentifikasi ibu hamil yang berisiko mengalami KPD.
Local Health Equity Action Teams (LHEATS) as a Novel and Emerging Practice of the Communities Organizing to Promote Equity (COPE) Project in Kansas
Authors: Finocchario-Kessler Sarah , Pacheco Christina , Morrow Emily , Bridges Kristina , Ablah Elizabeth , Collie-Akers Vicki , Greiner K. Allen , Knapp Kara , Honn Allison , Love Jody , Long Nadine , Carrillo Clarissa , Darby Tatiana , Neira Antonio Miras , Scott Angela , Ramírez Mariana , Chen Yvonnes , Parente Daniel J. , LeMaster Joseph W. , Corriveau Erin , Woodward Jennifer , Fitzgerald Wolff Sharon , Ricketts Mary , Ellerbeck Edward F.
Published: August 2024

The Communities Organizing to Promote Equity (COPE) Project was implemented in 20 counties across Kansas to build capacity to address health equity by forming local health equity action teams (LHEATS), hiring and training community health workers, facilitating state-wide learning collaboratives, and tailoring communication strategies. We conducted interviews and focus groups with project stakeholders who identified pragmatic recommendations related to LHEAT formation and leadership, establishing trust, nurturing autonomy, and optimizing impact. Insights can improve future community-based health equity efforts. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(S7):S570–S574. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307802 )
Sejarah Pembagian Ilmu Menurut Ibnu Sina, Al Ghazali, dan Mulla Sadra
Authors: Pranoto Muhammad Solihin
Published: August 2024

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang Sejarah Pembagian Ilmu Menurut Ibnu Sina, Al Ghazali dan Mulla Sadra yang dikaji dari sisi etimologis dan historis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bagaimana manusia memahami tentang Ilmu dengan pandangan Filosof Muslim Ibnu Sina, Al Ghazali dan Mulla Sadra. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Data diperoleh berupa ide, pendapat dan keyakinan yang argumentatif kemudian diolah dengan analisa kualitatif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa Ibn Sina mengklasifikasikan ilmu menjadi dua, yaitu ilmu teoritis (hikmah nadzariyah) bertujuan untuk membersihkan jiwa melalui ma’rifat, yaitu ilmu yang membahas masalah-masalah metafisika (ketuhanan), matematika (riyadhiyah), dan fisika (thabi’iyah). Kedua, ilmu-ilmu praktis (‘Amaliyah), yaitu dalam bidang ilmu-ilmu praktis seperti etika (Khuluqiyah), mengatur pergaulan keluarga dalam rumah tangga, ekonomi (Tadbir al-Manzil), mengatur pergaulan umat dalam negara (Tadbir al-Madinah) dan kenabian (syari’ah). Sedangkan menurut Abu Hamid Al- Ghazali membagi ilmu menjadi empat sistem klasifikasi yang berbeda: Pertama,  berdasarkan   perbedaan  antara intelek teoretis dan intelek praktis, yang umumnya diterapkan pada ilmu-ilmu agama, bukan filosofis. Kedua, pembagian pengetahuan menjadi pengetahuan huduri dan pengetahuan husuli yang didasarkan atas perbedaan tentang cara- cara mengetahui. Pengetahuan huduri terbebas dari kesalahan dan keraguan, yang memberikan kepastian tertinggi mengenai kebenaran- kebenaran spiritual. Ketiga, pembagian atas ilmu-ilmu agama (syari`ah) dan intelektual (`aqli,yah, gayr al- syari`ah), yang didasarkan atas pembedaan sumber wahyu dan sumber akal. Keempat, pembagian ilmu-ilmu menjadi fardlu  ain  dan  fardlu  kifayah,  didasarkan  atas perbedaan hukum keharusan dalam pencarian ilmu. “Ilmu nonagama” masih bisa diklasifikasikan kepada ilmu yang terpuji (mahmud), dibolehkan (mubah) dan tercela (madzmum). Adapun Mulla Shadra membagi kepada dua  pembagian utama, Pertama, bersifat teoritis, yang mengacu kepada pengetahuan tentang segala sesuatu sebagaimana adanya. Perwujudannya tercermin dalam dunia akali, termasuk jiwa di dalamnya sebagai dikemukakan oleh Ibn Sina. Kedua, bersifat praktis, yang mengacu pada pencapaian kesempurnaan-kesempurnaan yang cocok bagi jiwa.
AS BASES DA GEOGRAFIA ESCOLAR BRASILEIRA: PERSPECTIVAS TEÓRICO-METODOLÓGICAS E POLÍTICAS NA OBRA “A EXCURSÃO GEOGRÁFICA: GUIA DO PROFESSOR”, DE DELGADO DE CARVALHO
Authors: Doza Bianca
Published: August 2024

O texto em questão trata-se de uma resenha da obra “A excursão geográfica: guia do professor”, de Delgado de Carvalho. Além desse, conta com notas do professor Pierre Monbeig sobre monografia de fazenda e de cidade. A partir desse livro, a produção intelectual no campo da Geografia Escolar é contextualizada e desvendada por meio da identificação das correntes teórico-metodológica e sua relação com a realidade nacional. Assim, demonstra-se o conteúdo político da produção científica.
Effects of emotional and cognitive changes on aesthetic evaluation of poetry based on subjective and physiological continuous responses with pupil diameter measurement
Authors: Hitsuwari Jimpei , Nomura Michio
Published: August 2024

Haiku poetry, a short poem with clear form, can potentially elucidate many unknown aspects of verbal art. Previous studies on haiku appreciation reported emotional and cognitive effects on aesthetic evaluation. Since both change during art appreciation, clarifying the processes of these change during haiku evaluation is beneficial. This study examined the temporal effects of emotional and cognitive changes on aesthetic evaluation from multiple perspectives and measured the ratings of each section of a haiku, continuous emotional reports, and physiological changes in pupil diameter. First, 112 participants rated a haiku at three time-points on various items, such as beauty, valence, and ambiguity. Subsequently, they rated the same haiku continuously for 20 seconds via a joystick for valence and arousal, during which their pupil diameter was measured. Emotional changes, such as increased positive emotions, arousal, and emotional ambiguity, and cognitive changes, such as decreased cognitive ambiguity, affected the haiku’s aesthetic evaluation. Regarding continuous emotion reports, positive and negative emotions gradually increased for positive and negative haikus, respectively, while arousal gradually increased for both. Additionally, increase in pupil diameter also explained the beauty. This study advances our understanding of verbal arts by empirically exploring conscious and unconscious emotional and cognitive responses to haikus.
Assessing CD36 and CD47 expression levels in solid tumor indications to stratify patients for VT1021 treatment
Authors: WANG SUMING , Zota Victor , Vincent Melanie , Clossey Donna , Chen Jian , Cieslewicz Michael , Watnick Randolph , Mahoney James , Watnick Jing
Published: August 2024

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. While there are a multitude of cancer treatments, both approved and in clinical trials, there is still a critical need for therapies that are developed for more targeted populations. Despite the development of novel cancer biomarkers and target therapies currently in use, most cancer patients do not have a specific biomarker directly associated with effective treatment options. We have developed VT1021, a cyclic peptide that induces the expression of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) in myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) recruited to the tumor microenvironment (TME). TSP-1 reprograms the TME via binding to CD36 and CD47 to induce tumor and endothelial cell apoptosis as well as reprogramming of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). VT1021 has finished a Phase I trial and is currently being tested in a Phase II/III clinical study in glioblastoma (GBM). In this report, we analyzed the expression signature of CD36 and CD47, the major receptors for TSP-1, in patients' tumor cells from the VT1021 Phase I trial and identified that this signature could be used to stratify patients and predict response to VT1021 treatment. We also found that CD36 and CD47 were elevated in multiple solid tumor indications through tissue microarray (TMA), providing further evidence to support using CD36 and CD47 as biomarkers in other types of cancer. Finally, we validated the CD36 and CD47 expression signatures, using annotated clinical data from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Genomic Data Commons (GDC) Data Portal. Our studies identified CD36 and CD47 as dual biomarkers that can be used as patient stratifying tools and prognostic biomarkers for multiple cancer indications. Patients with dual high levels of CD36 and CD47 expression in tumor cells would benefit the most from the VT1021 treatment.
Exploring the Role of Biomarkers Associated with Osteoporosis and Pyroptosis through Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Liu Chenqi , Xiao Hongwei , Xie Bin , Liang Junyang
Published: August 2024

Objectives
Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by reduced bone mineral density and deterioration of the microarchitecture of bone tissue. The early identification and treatment of individuals at risk for OP are crucial in mitigating its detrimental consequences.
Method
We retrieved transcriptome and gene data associated with pyroptosis from the GEO and GSEA databases for patients with OP. Differential expression analysis was conducted to compare OP patients with control samples, resulting in identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to pyroptosis. Subsequently, functional enrichment analysis using the "clusterProfiler" package was performed on these DEGs. Interaction relationships among the identified DEGs were analyzed using the STRING online database. Machine learning techniques including LASSO, SVM, and RF were employed for biomarker screening, while immune cell infiltration was evaluated using the ssGSEA algorithm. Furthermore, a ceRNA regulatory network was constructed. Finally, we identified diseases and drugs that interact with the biomarkers, and performed molecular docking.
Results
The screening process identified a total of 18 DEGs with potential regulatory functions (PR-DEGs). The function of them were pyroptosis, intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway, lipid and atherosclerosis, human cytomegalovirus infection, apoptosis and other pathways. PRKACA, CASP6 were the OP biomarkers. The GSEA analysis reveals a significant enrichment of differential genes associated with PRKACA in the process of amino acid biosynthesis. Similarly, the results of PCASP6 differential gene enrichment analysis demonstrate a notable enrichment in the process of fat digestion and absorption, potentially implicating its involvement in disease development. Ultimately, a total of 10 drugs were identified as potential candidates for targeted therapy in OP.
Conclusion
In The present study screened two key biomarkers, PRKACA and CASP6, in OP, providing a theoretical framework for elucidating the underlying biological mechanisms involved in OP development.
Study on the improvement method of Goodman-Smith Fatigue Limit Diagrams based on IIW Standard and Unilateral Tolerance Coefficient Method
Authors: Liu Jiayu , Wang Yuedong , Zhang Jiaqi , Tang Yuhan , Dong Qi , Fan Letian
Published: August 2024

The Goodman-Smith (GS) diagrams are widely used for fatigue strength assessment of bogies as a common method for welded structures. The traditional GS diagrams proposed by the UIC ORE B12/RP17 standard suffer from the problems of too large a safety factor leading to loose assessment results, data scarcity, and low safety margins for low survival rates. Therefore, an improved method of GS diagrams for base metals and welded joints was proposed. The traditional GS diagrams were improved by combining the IIW standard and the unilateral tolerance coefficient method. The design guidelines of the traditional GS diagrams were incorporated into the improved GS diagrams to obtain the improved design guidelines. Within this framework, the improved GS diagrams were validated by applying base metal specimens with three common welded joints. The results showed that the safety factor was reduced to 0.3–0.5 times the original factor for the same survival rate and confidence level. The accuracy of the fatigue strength assessment was improved. Finally, the improved GS diagrams were used for the fatigue strength assessment of the critical base metal and weld region of the bogie frame, which provided a new reference for the fatigue strength assessment research in the field of rail transport.
Comparing the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness and Peripapillary Vasculature in the Fellow Eye of Patients with Unilateral Retinal Vein Occlusion to Normal Controls- an OCT, OCTA based study
Authors: Ibrahim Raghda Mahmoud Mohamed , Ahmed Heba Magdy , Tolba Doaa Ahmed , Esmat Sohair Mohamed , Hasan Lameece Moustafa
Published: August 2024

Purpose: To assess the radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) density within fellow eyes of patients having a unilateral RVO utilizing OCTA along with determining the associations between peripapillary microvasculature, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) as well as ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness.
Methods: Fifty- seven cases having a unilateral RVO as well as fifty-seven normal controls were included. Peripapillary OCTA was conducted and the RPC density as well as peripapillary RNFL thickness were automatically calculated.
Results: The peripapillary RNFL thickness for RVO fellow eyes showed significantly thinner values as regards the average, superior quadrant, nasal quadrant as well as temporal quadrant (P-value 0.003, 0.026 ,0.005 and ˂0.001 respectively). Also, they showed significantly thinner GCC (P-value ˂0.001) as well as RPC density within the whole image, inferior-hemisphere, nasal quadrant, and temporal quadrant than in normal controls (P-value 0.007, 0.004,0.003 and 0.024 respectively). No significant variations as regards GCC, RNFL thickness as well as RPC density among BRVO or CRVO fellow eyes were documented. RNFL thicknesses show significant positive association with RPC density.
Conclusion: When compared to healthy controls, fellow eyes of cases having a unilateral RVO exhibited lower peripapillary microvascular parameters as well as thinner GCC and RNFL. The RNFL was positively correlated to peripapillary VD.
Linear relation association between TyG-BMI and BPH: a national prospective cohort study
Authors: Li Bing , Zhang Zhiqiang , Sun Chao , Sun Yaodong , Li Junping , Liu Xiaoqiang
Published: August 2024

Objective
This study aims to explore the relationship between the Triglyceride Glucose Body Mass Index (TyG-BMI) and the risk of developing benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
Methods
Utilizing data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), we included 3,301 men aged 45 and above. We analyzed the association between TyG-BMI and the risk of developing BPH using multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models.
Results
During the 4-year follow-up period, 268 cases of BPH were identified. There was a positive correlation between TyG-BMI and the risk of BPH (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.08–1.38, p < 0.001), with a significant dose-response relationship (P < 0.001). Stratified analyses indicated that the impact of TyG-BMI on BPH risk was consistent across various subgroups.
Conclusion
There is a linear positive correlation between TyG-BMI and the risk of developing BPH. Managing TyG-BMI levels may help reduce the risk of BPH.
Hybrid Geomagnetic Data Forecasting Model Using Wavelet Packet Decomposition and Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Zhu Libo , Li Houpu , Zhu Bo , Li Wenkui , Chen Yongbing , He Bi
Published: August 2024

Accurate and reliable prediction of geomagnetic data is essential for its management and application. To improve the accuracy of geomagnetic data prediction and overcome the limitations of traditional machine learning algorithms in network structure and prediction time, a hybrid prediction model combining wavelet packet decomposition (WPD) and the DLinear model is proposed. The model uses WPD to decompose the original geomagnetic data in multiple sub-layers, effectively eliminating high-frequency noise while retaining low-frequency signal input to the DLinear model to complete accurate time series prediction. To verify and compare the prediction efficiency of the proposed model with those of other models, four sets of geomagnetic data collected by the Beijing Geomagnetic Observatory in China were used to perform single- and multi-step prediction experiments. The experimental results showed the following: the proposed hybrid model had the best prediction performance in one-, three- and five-step predictions, and with the introduction of the WPD method, the prediction accuracy of the original model was effectively improved. The combination of WPD and deep learning technology in this study provides a new way to predict future geomagnetic data with high precision and reliability.
Uncertainty reduction with Hyperparameter Optimization in mineral prospectivity mapping: A Regularized Artificial Neural Network approach
Authors: Seyedhamzeh Mirakbar , Maghsoudi Abbas , Ghezelbash Reza , Hajihosseinlou Mahsa
Published: August 2024

Mineral prospecting mapping (MPM) is necessary for uncovering potential areas for resource exploration and development in the reconnaissance and prospecting stages. However, traditional mapping approaches often suffer from inherent uncertainties due to factors like data quality, geological complexities, and subjective interpretations. This research introduces a novel deep learning framework for MPM using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) architecture with L1 regularization inspired by SVMs. The approach aims to reduce uncertainty in MPM By harnessing cutting-edge developments in deep learning. It utilizes an MLP architecture with L1 regularization to learn complex patterns from geoscience data and prevent overfitting. The study applies Regularized Deep Learning to create predictive models for copper mineralization prospectivity in the Sardouyeh District, Kerman, Iran. For preparation of initial outputs, we utilized multi-element geochemical patterns obtained through Principal Component Analysis (PCA), mineralization-related geological-structural layers and hydrothermal alteration evidence from the study area, which were transformed into mappable targeting criteria. Additionally, 39 known Cu-porphyry deposits/occurrences and 39 randomly chosen non-prospect locations were used as target variables for model training. The MPM models were evaluated using ROC, F1-score, confusion matrix, and precision metrics. The Regularized MLP model showed superior prediction accuracy over traditional ANN algorithms, achieving 96% accuracy, 95% recall, 97% precision, 96% F1 score, and 99% AUC for Cu-porphyry deposits. This study highlights the importance of advanced machine learning techniques, specifically Regularized Deep Learning, for optimizing hyperparameters, reducing uncertainty, increasing precision, achieving high accuracy, enhancing mineral exploration efficiency, and addressing overfitting challenges in traditional ANNs.
Assessment of Delivery Points in a Tribal District of Maharashtra” - an Observational Study
Authors: bharadwaj gauri , Sankhe Lalit , bharadwaj Shubhendra
Published: August 2024

Introduction - Quality of healthcare in delivery points, particularly in tribal areas, is crucial for safe childbirth and maternal health. There is a need for comprehensive evaluation of delivery points, focusing on infrastructure, supplies, adherence to protocols, and overall quality of care provided during childbirth.
Methods- A community-based study conducted in Palghar district where 15 delivery points were selected, by convenient sampling. Data was collected through observations and record reviews through LaQshya checklist. Indicators like service provision, patients’ rights, clinical services, inputs, support services, infection control services, quality management were used to score the delivery points.
Results- L3 level delivery points scored the highest in-service provision, with an average score of 19(88.18%) and highest in the area of provision patients’ rights38(95%) as compared to other levels. L3 delivery points scored was 98.2 (90.92%) in in the area of inputs, 59.2 (95.48%) in support services, 176.4 (95.8%) in clinical services, 71(95.94%) in infection control and 48.57% in quality management services.
Conclusion – L3 delivery points scored highest than all the levels in all the criteria of LaQshya checklist and L1 delivery points scored the least. Major areas of improvement were quality management, infection control and inputs.
Inhibition of STAT3/Fanconi anemia axis by Nifuroxazide is synthetic lethal with PARP inhibitor and selectively targets breast cancer stem cells
Authors: Ginestier Christophe , Rouault Célia , Bansard Lucile , Martínez-Balsalobre Elena , Bonnet Caroline , WICINSKI Julien , Debieu Sylvain , Colombeau Ludovic , Pinna Guillaume , Machu Margot , Rosnet Olivier , Chevrier Véronique , popovici Cornel , Sobol Hagay , Pasquier Eddy , Guasch Gèraldine , Rodriguez Raphaël , Pannequin Julie , Pascussi Jean-Marc , Christophe Lachaud , Charafe-Jauffret Emmanuelle , castellano Rémy , Vandamme Marie
Published: August 2024

The targeting of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has proven to be an effective approach for limiting tumor progression, thus necessitating the identification of new drugs with anti-CSC activity. Through a high-throughput drug repositioning screen, we identified the antibiotic Nifuroxazide (NIF) as a potent anti-CSC compound. Utilizing a click chemistry strategy, we demonstrated that NIF is a prodrug that is specifically bioactivated in breast CSCs. Mechanistically, NIF-induced CSC death is a result of a synergistic action that combines the generation of DNA interstrand crosslinks with the inhibition of the Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway activity. NIF treatment mimics FA-deficiency through the inhibition of STAT3, which we identified as a non-canonical transcription factor of FA-related genes. NIF induces a chemical HRDness in CSCs that (re)sensitizes breast cancers with innate or acquired resistance to PARP inhibitor (PARPi) in PDX models. Our results suggest that NIF may be useful in combination with PARPi for the treatment of breast tumors, regardless of their HRD status.
Robust adaptation strategy for enhancing climate resilience in irrigated agriculture
Authors: Babel Mukand , Kamalamma Ambili
Published: August 2024

Adaptation as a goal has become an absolute necessity in water resources projects to cope with the negative impacts of climate change. Adaptation planning needs to move from the traditional predict-then-act approach to a broader vulnerability and risk-based approach. This article presents an evaluation of certain adaptation strategies by considering the case of an irrigated agricultural system. Our evaluation includes the assessment of the response of adaptation strategies in reducing risk and their robustness in terms of the potential to maintain system performance under maximum uncertain but plausible future climate conditions. We tested two broad strategies of water management and agronomic practices for reducing climate risks in the system, of which the former, we found, is more robust and risk-tolerant. The study also investigated additional risks that may lead to maladaptation by reducing crop yield, illustrating how adaptive water management can increase the robustness and resilience of irrigated agriculture.
Comparative Analysis of ESP-Assisted Dump-flooding and Conventional Water Injection for Enhanced Oil Recovery: A Case Study of Field ABX2 in the Niger Delta
Authors: Idahor Terry , Ohenhen Ikponmwosa
Published: August 2024

This study evaluates the effectiveness of dump-flood and water injection techniques for enhanced oil recovery in Field ABX2 of the Niger Delta basin. Using advanced numerical reservoir modeling, the performance of ESP-powered dump-flooding was compared against conventional water injection over a 20-year period. Both methods successfully maintained reservoir pressure above the critical bubble point of 3471 psi, preventing excessive gas production. Primary recovery extracted only 15% of original oil in place (OOIP), while ESP-powered dump-flooding and water injection improved recovery to 34% and 35% of OOIP respectively after 20 years. Both secondary recovery methods exhibited excellent areal sweep efficiency and kept oil above the oil-water contact. The dump-flood approach achieved comparable results to water injection but with lower infrastructure requirements and costs. The models indicate the substantial aquifer in Field ABX2 can sustain dump-flooding for the full 20-year period. This study demonstrates ESP-assisted dump-flooding as a promising and economical enhanced oil recovery technique for Niger Delta reservoirs. The modeling approach developed here integrates reservoir characterization, well completion design, and long-term production forecasting to optimize recovery strategies.
European South and Nordic Countries: a new approach to global food parameters and public health relationship
Authors: García-Martín Rosa , de Santos Mª Mar Polo , Jarauta-Bragulat Eusebi , Colomer-Xena Yvonne , Clotet-Ballús Ramon , Pinos Helena
Published: August 2024

The global behaviour of food systems of two groups of European countries (three Nordic and three Mediterranean) is explored. The global food system model defined by Triptolemos Foundation is applied, using 20 variables with public and statistically reliable data series of food system parameters: availability, economy, politics, knowledge, behaviour, and culture, with attention to the study of the food/health relationship. A new index is defined: Global Food System Harmony Index (GFSHI), which allows knowing the coherence and degree of internal balance between the evaluated variables of the countries. It appears as an appropriate instrument for managing food systems. Conclusions allow us to characterize impact of food behaviour on health in each country and comparatively as a whole, both at a quantitative and qualitative level.
Safety and efficacy profile of a 90-day oral L-arginine hydrochloride intervention for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Naito Hiroyuki , Nakamori Masahiro , Toko Megumi , Hayashi Yuki , Tazuma Taku , Watanabe Tomoaki , Ishihara Keito , Tachiyama Keisuke , Yamazaki Yu , Maruyama Hirofumi
Published: August 2024

Weight loss, a key indicator of malnutrition in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients, negatively impacts prognosis. However, effective nutritional interventions have not been adequately established. Previous research in ALS model mice has shown that L-arginine can prolong survival, yet no human intervention studies have been conducted. This study aimed to assess the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of L-arginine hydrochloride in ALS patients. ALS patients were administered 15 g/day L-arginine hydrochloride for 90 days. Safety was primarily evaluated on days 45 and 90. Efficacy measures included changes in nutritional status, ALS Functional Rating Scale scores, and the occurrence of events such as the initiation of tracheostomy positive pressure ventilation (TPPV) and death. The study included 20 patients (40% female; mean age, 62.0 ± 6.9 years; median disease duration, 1.9 years). Six participants (30%) experienced treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), including elevated creatine kinase levels, liver function test abnormalities, glucose tolerance issues, hyperammonemia, anorexia, dysgeusia, and vasculitis. No serious TEAEs were associated with L-arginine hydrochloride. Over the course of three months, the average changes in body weight and body mass index (BMI) were − 0.37 kg and − 1.1 kg/m2, respectively, which are less than the typically observed natural reduction rates. There were no events requiring TPPV initiation or deaths. This study demonstrated that the oral administration of L-arginine hydrochloride across three months was well tolerated by ALS patients, with no serious TEAEs or deaths attributed to the study drug. Trial Registration number: Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCTs061230001), first registered 11/04/2023
Reduced Cross-Protective Potential of Omicron Compared to Ancestral SARS-CoV-2 Spike Vaccines Against Potentially Zoonotic Coronaviruses
Authors: Renner Tyler , Stuible Matthew , Cass Brian , Perret Sylvie , Guimond Julie , Lord-Dufour Simon , McCluskie Michael J. , Durocher Yves , Akache Bassel
Published: August 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasised the importance of vaccines and preparedness against viral threats crossing species barriers. In response, a worldwide vaccination campaign targeting SARS-CoV-2 was implemented, which provides some cross-protective immunological memory to other coronavirus species with zoonotic potential. Following a vaccination regimen against SARS-CoV-2 spike in a preclinical mouse model, we were able to demonstrate the induction of neutralizing antibodies towards multiple human ACE2 (hACE2)-binding sarbecovirus spikes. Importantly, compared to vaccines based on the SARS-CoV-2 Reference strain, vaccines based on Omicron spike sequences induced drastically less broadly cross-protective neutralizing antibodies against other hACE2-binding sarbecoviruses. This observation remained true whether the vaccination regimens were based on protein subunit or mRNA / LNP vaccines. Overall, while it may be necessary to update vaccine antigens to combat the evolving SARS-CoV-2 virus for enhanced protection from COVID-19, Reference-based vaccines may be a more valuable tool to protect against novel coronavirus zoonoses.