bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diskursiv avpolitisering av demokratiet: Å forstå autoritær konsolidering i Russland gjennom Jacques Rancières tenkning
Authors: Hjermann Anni Roth
Published: February 2022

Denne artikkelen undersøker diskursens rolle i konsolidering av autoritære regimer. Gjennom å etablere en dialog mellom Jacques Rancières arbeider om politikk og avpolitisering og poststrukturalistisk diskursanalyse argumenterer artikkelen for at diskursiv avpolitisering bidrar til at autokratier befester seg, og viser at autoritær konsolidering ofte finner sted i skjæringsfeltet mellom nasjonal og internasjonal politikk. Artikkelen retter et særskilt søkelys på Rancières begrep om kløfter som politikkens scene, og teoretiserer hvordan slike kløfter nøytraliseres i avpolitisering. Artikkelen fremsetter så en metode for å analysere diskursiv avpolitisering empirisk ved å konseptualisere Rancières logikker som idealtypiske avpolitiseringsdiskurser, og illustrerer denne analytiske strategien ved å anvende den på russisk offisiell diskurs i senere år (2015–2020). Slik forklarer artikkelen hvordan diskursive konstruksjoner har befestet Russland som autokrati: Den viser at autoritær konsolidering i Russland under Putin muliggjøres av rotfestede avpolitiserende diskurser som (re)produseres og forsterkes i et sammenvevet innenriks- og utenrikspolitisk felt. Artikkelen fremmer begrepet diskursiv avpolitisering som et nytt perspektiv på fagdebatter om den liberale verdensordens utfordringer og såkalte hybridregimer.
Abstract in English:Depoliticizing Democracy Through Discourse: Understanding Authoritarian Consolidation in Russia through Jacques Rancière’s Political TheoryThis article investigates the role of discourses in processes of authoritarian consolidation. By bringing Jacques Rancière’s works on politics and depoliticization into dialogue with poststructuralist discourse analysis, the article argues that discursive depoliticization contributes towards authoritarian consolidation, and displays how authoritarianism deepens in a co-dependent nexus of domestic and international politics. Focusing in particular on Rancière’s concept of gaps as the stage for politics, the article theorizes how gaps are neutralized in depoliticization. The article offers a method for unpacking discursive depoliticization empirically by conceptualizing Rancière’s logics as ideal-typical depoliticizing discourses, and illustrates this analytical strategy through analysis of Russian official discourse in recent years (2015–2020). The article thereby explains how discursive constructions have strengthened Russian autocracy: Entrenched depoliticizing discourses, produced and reinforced in a co-constitutive internal/external sphere, makes possible authoritarian consolidation in Russia under Putin. The article puts forward the concept of discursive depoliticization as a novel perspective on challenges to the liberal international order, and on “hybrid” regimes.
Pendidikan Muatan Lokal Sebagai Penanaman Karakter Cinta Tanah Air
Authors: Nurdian Novi , Rozana Ulfah Khalida , Nugerahani Ilise Rizki
Published: February 2022

Karakter cinta tanah air merupakan salah satu nilai dalam pendidikan karakter. Karakter cinta tanah air merupakan cara berpikir, bersikap, dan bertindak yang menunjukkan penghargaan terhadap tanah air. Untuk menanamkan karakter ini salah satunya dapat melalui mata pelajaran muatan lokal seni budaya Banjar. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mendeskripsikan peran dan dampak penanaman karakter cinta tanah air melalui mata pelajaran muatan lokal di Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian ini dilakukan di sekolah dasar menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif yakni jenis pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode observasi dan wawancara. Setelah data terkumpul dilakukan proses pengkondingan data dan dilakukan pengecekan keabsahan data menggunakan uji kredibilitas dan konfirmabilitas. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yakni; Peran penanaman karakter cinta tanah melalui mata pelajaran muatan lokal seni budaya Banjar yakni dengan keteladanan makna seni budaya Banjar, pembelajaran, pemberdayaan dan pembudayaan, penguatan, dan penilaian. Dampak penanaman karakter cinta tanah air melalui mata pelajaran muatan lokal seni budaya Banjar adalah bertambah sikap dan perilaku melestarikan budaya Indonesia khususnya seni budaya Banjar. Nilai-nilai tersebut mengacu pada indikator karakter cinta tanah air pada siswa sekolah dasar. Dapat disimpulkan secara garis besar dampaknya siswa bertambah semangat untuk mempelajari seni budaya, tumbuh perasaan senang, peduli, dan bangga terhadap seni budaya Banjar.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP INVESTASI ASING YANG MASUK DI PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Angrayni Lysa
Published: February 2022

Law Number 25 Year 2007 concerning Capital Investment gives equal treatment to Domestic Investment and foreign investors with due regard to the national interest, ensures legal certainty, and security of business for investors since the process of licensing until the end of investment activities in accordance with the provisions of legislation. Under the Act it is clear that foreign investors must obtain legal protection and certainty as domestic investors. But the reality is different so the impact that arises that uncertainty is the development of unstable foreign investment, a significant increase and decrease in Riau Province. While the factors causing the decline of foreign investment in Riau Province are the differences in both licensing, raw materials and protection between foreign investors and domestic investors in Riau Province, so foreign investors feel unsafe to invest in Riau Province.
PENGARUH KOMUNIKASI DAN KEBIJAKAN UU ITE TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PENIPUAN JUAL BELI BARANG ONLINE DI INSTAGRAM
Authors: Siregar Erni Yusnita
Published: February 2022

Dalam media internet, kejahatan yang sering terjadi adalah penipuan dengan mengatas namakan bisnis jual beli dengan menggunakan media internet yang menawarkan berbagai macam produk penjualan. Banyak kasus dimana saat uang sudah dikirim oleh si pembeli, barang yang seharusnya dikirim oleh si penjual tidak dikirim atau barang yang dikirim berbeda tidak sesuai informasi yang diberikan oleh si penjual. Oleh sebab itu dibutuhkan Tindakan hukum untuk memberikan efek jera terhadap para penipu jual beli online tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui tentang bagaimana pengaruh komunikasi dan kebijakan UU ITE terhadap tindak pidana penipuan jual beli barang online di Instagram dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif untuk menganalisis secara kritis norma hukum pidana terhadap tindak pidana penipuan jual beli barang online di Instagram. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah normatif. Sumber data yang didapat adalah data sekunder. Hasil penelitian ini membahas kebijakan hukum terhadap tindak pidana yang mengatur perlindungan konsumen. Kata Kunci: Komunikasi, Kebijakan UU ITE, Penipuan Online
KAJIAN NORMATIF DAN EMPIRIS UNDANG-UNDANG NO 39 TAHUN 1999 TENTANG HAK AZAZI MANUSIA KHUSUSNYA HAM EKOSOSB (Ekonomi, Sosial, Budaya) DAN HAK-HAK ATAS LINGKUNGAN.
Authors: Sihaloho Helen Sondang silvina
Published: February 2022

AbstractBasically, all this time, environmental management has been understood as the task of the state. This means that it is the state that is responsilble for managing the collective behavior of mankind through the policies it takes. It is not surprising that we are accustomed to relying on use of state authorities in regulating environmental management. In fact, the work of the government bureaucracy make one institution easily shift its responsibilities to other institutions.The work of the government bureaucracy which is expected to ensure the management of environmental problems,actually creates environmental problems it self. National legal policy stiil place the recognition and protection of Ecosob and Social Rights rights as rights that are not prioritized because of yhe assumption that Indonesia is still in the category of developing countries,so it is very natural that citizens economic and social rights rights are still not maximized. AbstrakPada dasarnya, selama ini pengelolaan lingkungan itu difahami sebagai tugas negara. Artinya, negaralah yang bertanggung jawab mengelola perilaku kolektif umat manusia melalui kebijakan-kebijakan yang diambilnya. Tidaklah mengherankan kalau kita kemudian terbiasa menggantungkan diri pada penggunaan otoritas negara dalam meregulasi pengelolaan lingkungan hidup. Justru bekerjanya birokrasi pemerintahan menjadikan lembaga yang satu dengan mudahnya melempar tanggung jawabnya ke pada lembaga lain. Bekerjanya birokrasi pemerintahan, yang diharapkan akan memastikan terkelolanya persoalan lingkungan hidup, justru menciptakan masalah lingkungan itu sendiri. Kebijakan hukum nasional masih menempatkan pengakuan dan perlindungan hak Ekosob sebagai hak yang tidak diprioritaskan karena aadanya anggapan bahwa Indonesia masih masuk kategori negara berkembang sehingga sangat wajar jika hak Ekosob warga negara masih belum maksimal.
فعالية استخدام الوسيلة السمعية البصرية لترقية فهم طلاب في مادة اللغة العربية بمعهد النهضة مكاسر
Authors: Yusriyah Yusriyah
Published: February 2022

نال التكنوليجي اهتماما كبيرا من قبل التربويين والمتخصصين والمهتمين بالعملية التعليمية في بداية القرن الحادى والعشرين الحالي. ورئت الباحثة الاستفادة منه في مجال عملية التدريس والتعليم وخصوصا في تدريس اللغة العربية. تناولت هذه الرسالة فعالية استخدام الوسيلة السمعية البصرية لترقية فهم طلاب في مادة اللغة العربية. المجموع الكلى هو جميع طلاّب الفصل السابع في المدرسة الثّانويّة بمعهد النهضة اجونج فندانج مكاسر. ومن نتائج البحث دليل على أن استخدام الوسيلة السمعية البصرية فعال لترقية فهم طلاب الفصل السابع مادة اللغة العربية في المدرسة الثانوية بمعهد النهضة اجونج فندانج مكاسر حيث أن تحصيل دراستهم في الامتحان النهائي يزداد ارتقاءا بمقارنة امتحانهم المبدئي
Pengaruh Value Added Intellectual Capital (VAIC) Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Bank Umum Syariah Yang Terdaftar Di Bank Indonesia Periode 2015 – 2019
Authors: Pidola Viras Alti , Julina Julina
Published: February 2022

Intellectual Capital adalah komponen yang dimiliki oleh suatu perusahaan dalammengukur nilai sumber daya manusia didalamnya yang memberikan keunggulanbersaing. Intellectual Capital perusahaan tidak dapat diukur langsung tetapimengajukan suatu ukuran untuk menilai efisiensi dari nilai tambah sebagai hasildari kemampuan intelektual perusahaan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian denganmenggunakan data sekunder dengan metode penelitian kuantitatif. Teknikpengumpulan data melalui dokumentasi berupa pencatatan laporan keuanganpada Bank Umum Syariah Periode 2015-2019 yang dipilih menggunakan metodepurposive sampling dengan pengolahan data menggunakan program SmartPLS3.0. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode Partial Least Square(PLS). Hasil penelitian yang di dapat dari program PLS adalah Intellectual Capitalmempunyai pengaruh terhadap Return On Asset (ROA), Net Imbalan (NI), BebanOperasional terhadap Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO), dan Finance to DepositRatio (FDR) tetapi Intellectual Capital tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap CapitalAdequancy Ratio (CAR) dan terhadap Zakat Performing Ratio (ZPR).
The Implementation of Character Education in Teaching English at SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Pekanbaru
Authors: Ulkhairi Annisya
Published: February 2022

This research was aimed to describ about the implementation of character education in teaching English in online learning.  Since there is transition between tradisional learning to online learning, this topic will be interesting to be researched. This was conducted at SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Pekanbaru.This research can be categorized as phenomenological research which employs the qualitative approach. The instruments used were observation sheets and interview guides. The data were collected through observation, interview, and documents. The subjects of the research were the English teacher of SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Pekanbaru.The result of this study shows that the implementation of character education in teaching English in online learning of SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Pekanbaru. It was integrated into the planning stage, the teaching and learning stage, and the evaluation stage by developing essential virtues, including being religious, discipline, honesty, independence, responsibility, hardwork/persistence, curiosity, creativity, honesty, friendliness/ communicative, appreciation of acheivement. There are some supporting and inhibiting factors faced in implementing character education including (1)   teacher (2) students (3)   parents who support to implement the values in teaching and learning process and also some challenges such as (1). Lack of training (2) no direct interaction (3) lack of students’ motivation and manner (4) lack of parents’ support and ( technical error). In addition there are some ways that teacher do to solve the problems in this research such (1) Learn again and again. (2) approach the students (3) collaborate with parents.Keywords: implementation, character education,  online learning.
Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Islam dalam Konsep Manajemen Qalbu Menurut KH. Abdullah Gymnastiar (AA Gym)
Authors: Mukhtar Zulfadhly , Kurniawan Hakmi , Zaman Nurul , Arnel Iskandar , Wahyudi Hakmi , Hidayat Hakmi , Syafaruddin Syafaruddin
Published: February 2022

Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis nilai-nilai pendidikan Islam dalam konsep manajemen qalbu menurut KH. Abdullah Gymnastiar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian Library Research. Adapun analisis data menggunakan content analysis. Sedangkan sumber data yang penulis gunakan terdiri dari sumber data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai pendidikan Islam dalam konsep manajemen qalbu menurut KH. Abdullah Gymnastiar  meliputi: 1) Nilai akidah, seseorang dikatakan beriman apabila keimanan itu telah masuk ke dalam hati seseorang. Dengan kata lain, keimanan merupakan perbuatan qalbu sebagai salah satu bentuk akhlak kepada Allah yang seharusnya berimplikasi pada diri manusia. 2) Nilai ibadah, bahwa bukti keimanan  adalah amal shaleh, senang melakukan ibadah dan kebaikan. Amal shaleh akan membawa keberkahan dan rahmat Allah, yang bisa diperoleh dengan hati yang bersih. Keshalehan merupakan kompleksitas sifat dan sikap kepribadian yang bersandarkan pada nilai-nilai keislaman. 3) Nilai akhlak, jika dirinya mengaku beriman kepada Allah maka seharusnya keimanan itu dapat melahirkan akhlak terpuji. Untuk menjadi pribadi yang sholeh dan berakhlak mulia maka sebagai manusia kita harus selalu berupaya untuk membersihkan hati dengan tekad yang kuat, mempunyai ilmu dalam memahami diri, mengevaluasi diri dan memberikan kesempatan pada orang lain untuk menilai kita serta selalu mau belajar dan mengambil hikmah dari apa yang terjadi pada diri dan orang lain.
ORGANIZATION OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEM IN THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT WITH SIGNS OF OSTRACISM
Authors: Nazarevich Victoria
Published: February 2022

The article examines the system of organizational principles of communication in the educational environment
with manifestations of ostracism and the influence of ostracizing tendencies in school groups on the academic and
social development of students and the professional achievements of teachers. The peculiarities of the communication
system formation in educational institutions are analyzed. It is determined that the administration of the educational
institution and the teaching staff acts as a catalyst both in the formation of cooperative relations and in the
implementation of educational work of the school unit. The aim of the study was to carry out a theoretical analysis of
organizational aspects of communication systems in the educational environment with signs of ostracism. The structure
of conditions for ecological communication in the educational system was formed: participants feel safe, the presence of
an atmosphere without grading during the educational process, a sense of warmth, active interest in students, the
compassion of adults, no corporal punishment in case of violation of rule or other unacceptable behaviour. Such general
scientific theoretical methods of information study as analysis, synthesis, abstraction, generalization, induction,
deduction, explanation and classification were used to achieve the aim of the study. Risk factors that affect the success
of interpersonal interaction are revealed: a number of external factors, such as natural phenomena or social events
(conflict, change of collective, disturbance of the structure of educational space - change of leader), or internal factors,
such as the behaviour of teachers and staff, number of students, group composition, entry of new persons into an
already formed group, an accident in the group, etc. The classification of Marshall factors that affect communication
during the learning space is included: the number and quality of interactions between adults and students; learning
environment, including buildings, classrooms, available materials, as well as the perception of this space by teachers
and students; student's success; the presence of an atmosphere of equality between all subjects of educational activity.
The role of the management personnel in the process of creating an ecological educational space is indicated, because
the communication skills of the administration of the institution largely determine the effectiveness of the educational
space and the achievement of goals. The characterological features of the administration are reflected, which are a
manifestation of a high level of emotional intelligence, as a consequence of possibility of building an effective system
of communicative ties: self-awareness, empathy, social responsibility, focus on reality, sociability, control of impulses.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of Padi4 Gene )Rs11203367( in A Sample of Rheumatoid Arthritis Iraqi Patients
Authors: Khadim Noor Tahseen , Al-Kazaz Abdul Kareem A.
Published: February 2022

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflamed chronic autoimmune disease in which genetics and environment are the most common causative factors. Peptidyl arginine deiminase type IV (PADI4) is an enzyme responsible for the posttranslational conversion of arginine residues into citrulline. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is a specific technique was used to determine gene polymorphism. One hundred twenty three patients molecularly confirmed with RA and sixty healthy control subjects were recruited. By applying the logistic regression analysis, some alleles and genotypes were associated with susceptibility to RA. Under the allelic model, C allele frequency was significantly increased in RA patients compared to control (58.5 vs. 46.7%; p = 0.034). The odds ratio (OR) of such difference was 1.61 (95% CI: 1.04 – 2.50). Under the dominant model, TC+CC genotype frequency was higher in patients than in control (82.1vs. 65.5%; OR = 2.47; 95% CI: 1.23 – 4.97; p = 0.015). Under the codominant model, frequency of the heterozygous genotype TC was significantly increased in patients compared to control (47.1 vs. 36.7%; OR = 2.52; 95% CI: 1.17 – 5.41; p = 0.028). The results revealed the role of the rs11203367 variant of padi4 gene in susceptibility to RA in Iraqi patients.
Derecho Internacional y terrorismo: Radiografía del régimen jurídico internacional sobre terrorismo
Authors: Molano Rojas Andrés
Published: February 2022

El artículo ofrece los resultados de una primera investigación sobre el régimen jurídico internacional sobre terrorismo, obtenidos a partir de un análisis comparativo de la estructura de los convenios y tratados internacionales universales actualmente vigentes. Esa comparación permite: (1) señalar la persistencia del problema definicional del terrorismo en el plano normativo, no obstante los innegables avances del derecho internacional convencional en la lucha contra esta amenaza a la paz y la seguridad internacionales; (2) identificar algunos elementos comunes a los distintos tratados, los cuales constituyen el “núcleo duro” del régimen internacional. Al final, se presentan algunos de los desafíos sugeridos por la investigación, más allá de la necesidad evidente de avanzar en la adopción de una convención comprehensiva y global sobre el terrorismo.
Consolidación democrática y conflicto armado en Centroamérica; 20 años después
Authors: Jaramillo Jassir Mauricio
Published: February 2022

La mayor parte de los estudios sobre transiciones y consolidaciones democráticas se concentra en países de dictaduras militares recientes y en particular en el Cono Sur. Centroamérica constituye un caso aparte con respecto al resto del continente, especialmente si se le compara con la Región Andina y el Cono Sur. El proceso de instauración y consolidación democrática en Centroamérica fue un medio para implantar la paz y no un punto de llegada. A la luz de estos hechos, el documento pretende explorar ¿De qué forma el fin de los conflictos armados civiles en El Salvador, Guatemala y Nicaragua ha incidido en la consolidación de la democracia? Para ello, el texto se divide en tres partes. En primer lugar, se aborda la problemática de la consolidación democrática y la brecha que la separa de su instalación formal, fenómeno particularmente presente en América Latina desde los años de 1980. En segundo lugar, se examinan las primeras manifestaciones del debilitamiento del poder autoritario y la posterior transición en los tres casos citados. Finalmente, se evalúa el grado de consolidación democrática en función de la actualidad política centroamericana.
Acción integral en Afganistán
Authors: Lopera Téllez Juan Carlos
Published: February 2022

La entrada en la escena internacional del nuevo humanitarismo, basado en los principios de construcción de paz, defensa de los derechos humanos y desarrollo, ha abierto un renovado marco interpretativo para las relaciones cívico militares en esos procesos amplios de construcción de paz, construcción de Estado y construcción de democracia, agenciados principalmente por potencias occidentales, organismos internacionales y organizaciones no gubernamentales nacionales e internacionales. Pero este nuevo “paradigma” es fuente de importantes dilemas no sólo en su concepción, sino en su implementación; y actualmente el caso de Afganistán es un claro ejemplo de ello.
Bandas criminales: continuación de la violencia con los mismos medios
Authors: Sánchez Galindo Jairo Ernesto
Published: February 2022

Este artículo presenta los resultados de la investigación acerca de la naturaleza de las Bandas Criminales precisando sus formas de organización, acciones y características fundamentales. Para lograr este propósito se hace una breve presentación del contexto en el que se origina este fenómeno, luego se identifican los elementos que tienen en común las Bandas Criminales con las autodefensas, posteriormente, se analizan las características de las BACRIM a la luz de la revisión documental desarrollada, luego se presentan las consideraciones actuales sobre la estrategia de enfrentamiento, y finalmente, se establecen las conclusiones.
L’unité de l’enquête et le pipeline de la connaissance
Authors: Trudel Dominique , De Maeyer Juliette
Published: February 2022

Cet article propose de comparer deux manières d’articuler les univers journalis- tique et universitaire, soit le projet Thought News, conçu par des journalistes et universitaires américains à la fin du XIXe siècle, et The Conversation, un réseau global de sites d’information et de chercheurs universitaires qui est aujourd’hui en pleine ex- pansion. Dans la perspective d’une comparaison historique « à longue portée » envisagée par Marc Bloch (1928) et de la critique de l’histoire whig du journalisme de James Carey (1974), l’analyse situe Thought News et The Conversation dans leur contexte historique particulier en explorant les transformations du journalisme et de la recherche universitaire qui leur sont associées. Pour ce faire, notre analyse prend spécifiquement pour objet des textes pro- grammatiques qui détaillent les projets éditoriaux respectifs de ces initiatives, notamment à travers les métaphores du pipeline et du corps social, et qui formulent des critiques du journalisme et de l’institution universitaire. Cette comparaison permet de nuancer la «nouveauté» de The Conversation mais également d’explorer, à travers le projet Thought News, une conception alternative des rapports entre les univers journalistique et universitaire, ainsi que de la fonction sociale et politique du journalisme, lesquelles s’avèrent actuelles à certains égards. Sur le plan méthodologique et analytique, notre démarche met en lumière la portée heuristique de la comparaison « au plus large » dans le champ de l’histoire des médias et du journalisme, laquelle permet notamment d’entrevoir le caractère discontinu et contingent de cette histoire ainsi que le rôle constitutif du geste historiographique.
Essential Conditions of Public-Private Partnership Agreement
Authors: Khakimova A. F.
Published: February 2022

The problem of determining the essential conditions of the public-private partnership agreement remains is actual for the national legal system, since anti-corruption risks and issues in litigation still remain. The article analyzes the essential conditions of the public-private partnership agreement. The author identifies four conditions: 1) carrying out construction works creating of a new or modernized object; 2) a private partner's ownership of the object of the agreement; 3) the duration (more than three years) of the agreement; 4) financing of the partnership project on cofinancing by partners. The issue also argues that other conditions don’t determine the essence of the public-private partnership agreement.
Role of disorders related to idiotypic and anti-idiotypic interactions in slowing down the achievement of negative serologic reactions in patients with early onset forms of syphilis after specific therapy
Authors: Volkova YE. N. , Morozov S. G. , Mitichkina YE. V. , Grigoriyeva A. A. , Yelistratova I. V.
Published: February 2022

Goal. To study the humoral immunity state in patients with the slowed down achievement of negative serologic reactions after the treatment of early onset forms of syphilis by means of examining the blood serum level of idiotypic and anti-idiotypic antibodies to cardiolipin and p17 Treponema Pallidum antigenic protein. Materials and methods. The study involved 324 patients (39.5% male and 60.5% female) with the slowed down achievement of negative serologic reactions. Primary (idiotypic) antibodies to cardiolipin and p17 protein were obtained using immunochromatographic assays with the help of the Bio Logik LP system. Purified antibodies were concentrated using the ultrafiltration technique with the aid of the XM-100А membrane. To obtain the rabbit antiserum to p17 Treponema Pallidum protein, chinchilla rabbits were immunized using the commercial recombinant p17 protein. To determine anti-cardiolipin idiotypic antibodies in the blood serum, the ELISa method optimized for detecting anti-cardiolipin antibodies was applied. To determine anti-cardiolipin anti-idiotypic antibodies as well as idiotypic and anti-idiotypic antibodies to p17 Treponema Pallidum protein, the standard ELISA method was applied. The following antigens were used to process the pads: F(ab)2 fragments of anti-cardiolipin antibodies (5 μg/mL), recombinant р17 T. pallidum protein (5 μg/mL) and F(ab)2 fragments of antibodies to р17 T. pallidum protein (10 μg/mL). The level of antibodies was assessed based on the absorbancy and expressed in conventional activity units using the K coefficient being the absorbancy of the serum under examination to the mean absorbancy of control serums ratio. The K value exceeding 1.5 conventional units indicated the increased level of antibodies. Results. Patients with the slowed down achievement of negative serologic reactions demonstrated a selective increase in the level of anti-idiotypic antibodies (AIAB) relative to T. pallidum antigens, cardiolipin and p17 protein, vs. first-order antibodies, which points at abnormal mutual regulation between idiotypic antibodies (IAB) and AIAB; the discovered phenomenon lays the immunochemical basis for the formation of a self-sustaining “vicious circle” contributing to the induction of high levels of antibodies to treponema antigens even when the pathogen was destroyed.
Application of external drugs comprising silver compounds for the treatment of pyodermic patients
Authors: Samtsov A. V. , Telichko I. N. , Statsenko A. V. , Khairutdinov V. R.
Published: February 2022

An external anti-bacterial therapy is selected for pyodermic patients empirically. Silver sulfathiazole has an evident anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial effect against a broad range of microorganisms. Goal of the study. To assess the efficacy, safety and tolerability of a cream comprising 2% silver sulfathiazole vs. 3% tetracycline ointment for the treatment of pyodermic patients. Materials and methods. The study involved 50 pyodermic patients (at the mean age of 23.5 ± 4.1 years) including 31 (62%) male and 19 (38%) female patients. The patients were divided into two groups: Group I (n = 35) used the cream comprising 2% silver sulfathiazole while Group II (n = 15) was administered 3% tetracycline ointment. All of the patients were assessed for clinical and microbiological efficacy of the therapy. Results. The average patient recovery time in Group I amounted to 8.7 ± 0.9 days and 13.1 ± 2.7 days in Group II (р < 0.01). As many as 33 patients (94.3%) achieved clinical recovery and 2 patients (5.7%) achieved improvement by Day 10 in Group I; in Group II, clinical recovery was observed in 8 patients (53.3%), improvement - in 3 patients (20%), and no effect - in 4 patients (26.7%). Conclusion. The external anti-bacterial monotherapy of pyodermic patients with the cream comprising 2% silver sulfathiazole is more efficient than treatment with 3% tetracycline ointment. High clinical and microbiological efficacy of the cream comprising 2% silver sulfathiazole makes it possible to recommend it for empirical treatment of pyodermic patients.
Antibacterial drugs in the form of sprays for the topical treatment of pyodermas and dermatoses complicated with a secondary infection
Authors: Matushevskaya YE. V.
Published: February 2022

The article covers issues related to the application of topical antibacterial drugs for the treatment of pyodermic skin diseases. The author describes mechanisms of action and advantages of the topical form of antibiotics and GCS for the topical treatment of pyodermas. The article substantiates indications for the administration of topical GCS drugs in a combination with antibacterial drugs. The efficacy and safety of antibacterial and combination topical drugs such as Neomycin, Oxycort and Polcortolon TC in the form sprays for the treatment of pyodermas and complicated forms of chronic dermatosis.
Zineryt: external therapy of acne
Authors: Korchevaya T. A.
Published: February 2022

Acne is a socially significant disease affecting an overwhelming majority of teenagers, which often results in serious social disadaptation. The problem of acne treatment remains urgent especially taking into consideration the fact that the respective pathogen, P. acnes, demonstrates a growth in its resistance. The problem can be solved by using a combination therapy comprising resistance inhibiting drugs along with antibiotics. The erythromycin and zinc solution is one of the most promising combinations.
The benefit of H2 receptors antagonist Rupatadine in treatment for urticaria
Authors: Kubanov A. A. , Chikin V. V.
Published: February 2022

Second generation antihistamine drugs are mainly used for the therapy of patients suffering from urticaria; however, they are efficient in 45-60% of cases only. New drugs for treatment of urticaria need to be developed and implemented, and second generation antihistamine drug Rupatadine is one of them. At the same time, Rupatadine efficiently inhibits the inflammatory action of the platelet-activating factor. Due to its double action, Rupatadine used perorally in the dose of 10 mg once a day is an efficient drug for treatment of urticaria, and its safety was confirmed by clinical trials.
Resources and activities of dermatovenereological medical organizations in Russian Federation in 2013
Authors: Kubanova A. A. , Melekhina L. E. , Kubanov A. A. , Bogdanova E. V.
Published: February 2022

The article provides analysis of dermatovenereological medical organizations resources and activities and overview of incidence of sexually transmitted infections and skin disorders in Russian Federation in 2013.
Particular features of the clinical course of the papilloma viral infection depending on quantitative indices of human papilloma viruses of a high carcinogenic risk
Authors: Rakhmatulina M. R. , Bolshenko N. V. , Kuevda D. A. , Trofimova O. B.
Published: February 2022

Goal of the study. To study the dependence of the clinical course of the papilloma viral infection and cytological characteristics of lesions in the cervical mucosa on the quantitative indices of human papilloma virus (HPV). Materials and methods. The study involved 175 female patients with HPV of a high carcinogenic risk including 125 subjects with clinical forms of the papilloma viral infection (PVI) and 50 subjects with subclinical and latent forms of the disease. Laboratory tests were carried out with the use of the polymerase chain reaction including real-time PCR for the quantitative determination of HPV. Cytological examinations of scrapes from the exocervical and endocervical mucosa were carried out according to Leishman I, and the results were interpreted according to Bethesda. Results. The authors established an association between clinical forms of PVI and infection with two or more HPV genotypes, and latent and subclinical forms of the disease and infection with one HPV genotype; HPV Genotype 16 prevails within the structure of HPV of a high carcinogenic risk. It was shown that patients infected with two or more HPV genotypes as well as subjects with subclinical and latent forms of the disease underwent reliably higher viral loads than subjects with anogenital warts and patients infected with one HPV genotype only. A higher HPV viral load was also noted in case of a persisting course of PVI and in patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (H-SIL). Conclusion. Women with latent and subclinical forms, persistent PVI course and infected with two or more HPV genotypes of a high carcinogenic risk belong to the high-risk group developing expressed epithelial affections in the cervical mucosa. Quantitative HPV indices exceeding 5 lg of copies of HPV DNA per 100,000 cells belong to unfavorable predictors for the development of intraepithelial affections in the cervical mucosa and stipulate the need to conduct an additional examination (colposcopy or cytology) to exclude their development.
Seborrheic keratosis: current concepts of pathogenesis
Authors: Aleksandrova A. K. , Smolyannikova V. A.
Published: February 2022

The article covers problems of seborrheic keratosis. The authors discuss current concepts of the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease paying special attention to the histology and immunohistochemistry of different forms and diverse clinical presentations. They describe Leser - Trelat syndrome as well as potential neoplastic transformation of seborrheic keratomas and their association with malignant skin neoplasms.
Acne from the point of view of dermatologists and cosmetologists
Authors: Katkhanova O. A. , Katkhanov M. A.
Published: February 2022

Goal. To compare approaches taken by dermatologists and cosmetologists to management of patients suffering from acne taking into consideration the clinical picture of the disease and patient’s age and sex, and to assess the efficacy and safety of an external therapy with azelaic acid in acne patients. Materials and methods. A study conducted by the MIR-O-MED Clinic involved 300 patients aged 14-48 with different forms of acne of different severity. To analyze particular features of the clinical picture of acne as well as age and sex differences in acne patients consulting dermatologists and cosmetologists, researchers collected statistics on the basis of primary medical documents, and then grouped the data by principal and additional indices. Both dermatologists and cosmetologists recommended azelaic acid in the form of a monotherapy and in a combination with cosmetic products as first-line treatment of primary acne patients. The efficacy and safety of an external therapy of acne patients with azelaic acid was assessed. Results. Clinical recovery and considerable clinical improvement was achieved in 94% of the patients who received an external therapy with azelaic acid. Conclusion. A lack of contradictions in coordinated measures taken by cosmetologists and dermatologists predetermines the correct order and combination of basic treatment measures involving tolerable and timely cosmetic correction, which is a prerequisite for solving the acne problem. Azelaic acid used by these categories of physicians for treatment of acne patients substantially improves the quality and efficacy of therapeutic measures.
Skin photoageing: mechanisms of development and particular features of clinical manifestations
Authors: Kubanov A. A. , Zhilova M. B. , Kubanova A. A.
Published: February 2022

The article discloses current concepts of mechanisms of development of skin photoageing caused by UV irradiation (UVA and UVB). Chronic exposure of skin to UV irradiation results in damage of genome DNA, development of DNA mutations, damage of proteins, membrane lipids, collagen and yellow fibers, degradation of the intercellular substance of the skin, development of a chronic inflammation, immunosuppression, melanogenesis disorders and increased angiogenesis. The authors described major clinical manifestations of skin photoageing and their histological characteristics.
Genetic variants of genital mycoplasmas and their relation to the clinical course of inflammatory diseases of the urogenital system in women
Authors: Rakhmatulina M. R. , Plakhova K. I. , Kubanov A. A.
Published: February 2022

Goal of the study. To study genetic variability of M. hominis (based on the vaa gene) and M. genitalium (based on the mg192 gene) derived from biological material samples taken from women with different clinical manifestations of inflammatory diseases of the urogenital system and clinically healthy women (for M. hominis). Materials and methods. Genetic variability of twenty M. hominis samples taken from patients with inflammatory diseases of the urogenital system and twenty M. hominis samples taken from patients without clinical and laboratory signs of inflammatory processes of the urogenital system was studied by the sequence analysis method. Genetic variability of eight M. genitalium samples taken from patients with different clinical signs of inflammatory diseases of the urogenital system was also examined by the sequence analysis method. Results. Three genetic variants of M. hominis based on the vaa gene were found; variant I was revealed more often in patients with clinical manifestations of inflammatory diseases (65.0%), and variant II - in clinically healthy women (60.0%). Three phylogenetic M. gentium groups based on the mg192 gene were revealed; two samples were referred to Groups I and II, and four samples were referred to Group III. Samples from each phylogenetic groups were taken from patients with clinical and laboratory manifestations of cervicitis and urethritis. Conclusion. The study data demonstrate a potential effect of the VAA surface protein on the virulence of opportunistic M. hominis pathogens.
Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of combined treatment with methotrexate and a broadband medium-wave phototherapy for psoriasis patients
Authors: Grigoriyev D. V. , Vladimirov V. V.
Published: February 2022

Goal. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined treatment with methotrexate and a broadband medium-wave phototherapy for psoriasis patients. Materials and methods. As many as 365 psoriasis patients underwent examination and treatment. The patients were divided into three groups by the treatment method. The first group of patients received a broadband medium-wave phototherapy, the second group received treatment with methotrexate, and the third group received combined treatment with methotrexate and a broadband medium-wave phototherapy. Results. Combined treatment with a broadband medium-wave phototherapy and methotrexate turned out to be more efficient than a monotherapy with methotrexate or a broadband medium-wave phototherapy. The administration of a combined therapy enhances the efficacy of treatment for psoriasis patients due to the reduction of cumulative doses of ultraviolet irradiation and methotrexate. In addition, it was revealed that a broadband medium-wave phototherapy does not enhance typical side effects observed during the treatment with methotrexate.
A rare presentation of palmoplantar lichen planus
Authors: Mikheyev G. N. , Krasnoselskikh T. V. , Yastrebov V. V. , Grigorian A. E.
Published: February 2022

Lichen planus is a disease characterized by a large variety of clinical forms and morphological patterns. Localized rash on the palms and soles is considered rare and may create certain problems in diagnosis if it is present as an isolated finding in the absence of typical papular rash on the skin and mucous membranes, and such problems may be solved by histological examination. We report a case of a 41-year-old male with palmoplantar lichen planus. The disease was characterized by pruritic erythematous well-defined plaques dotted wit h multiple, punctate brown keratotic plugs on the palms and soles, which were difficult to separate when scraping. Histological examination revealed changes in the excretory ducts of eccrine sweat glands. We suggest that the presented case is a unique clinicopathologic variant of palmoplantar lichen planus that may be designated by the term “lichen planoporitis.”
Jean-Alfred Fournier - the founder of the European venereology and dermatology (on the one hundredth death anniversary)
Authors: Kisteneva O. A. , Kistenev V. V.
Published: February 2022

The article presents a life story of a great French dermatologist and venereologist, one of the founders of the theory of syphilis Jean-Alfred Fournier (1832-1914). It provides data on the published works by Jean-Alfred Fournier, some of which earned him a doctoral degree. It also provides data on Fournier’s election as a member of the French Academy of Medicine in 1879 as well as on the founding of the French Society of Dermatology and Syphiligraphy by Fournier and other French dermatologists in 1889. The article defines the contribution made by Fournier to the development of venereology and practical medicine in the second half of the 19th century and early 20th century.
Modern methods of the treatment of hereditary epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: Kubanov A. A. , Albanova V. I. , Chikin V. V. , Yepishev R. V.
Published: February 2022

Today there are no ethiopathogenetic treatment methods for treating hereditary epidermolysis bullosa. All available treatment methods are symptomatic and are mainly aimed at patient care. Since severe forms of hereditary epidermolysis bullosa affect multiple organs, patients need assistance of both dermatologists and skilled experts such as general practitioners (pediatricians), gastroenterologists and dentists or ophthalmologists, surgeons, hematologists, oncologists, etc. when needed. To take efficient therapeutic and preventive measures, clinical recommendations and treatment standards are needed. Promising therapeutic methods (protein replacement, cell and gene techniques) are currently at different development and implementation stages but they can solve problems related to the treatment of hereditary epidermolysis bullosa in the future.
Molecular markers of the risk of development of skin cancer in psoriasis patients receiving a phototherapy
Authors: Zhilova M. B. , Kubanov A. A.
Published: February 2022

State Research Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation Korolenko str., 3, bldg 6, Moscow, 107076, Russia Goal. To study potential molecular and genetic markers of an increased risk of development of malignant skin melanomas on the basis of the assessment of nucleotide replacements of genes in the excision system of DNA repair in psoriasis patients receiving a phototherapy. Materials and methods. Biological blood samples taken from 47 psoriasis patients, 24 patients with malignant skin melanomas and 20 healthy subjects. The following methods were used in the study: clinical, molecular and biological (DNA extraction, amplification, PcR, sequencing). Results. The study revealed molecular markers of an increased risk of development of malignant skin melanomas in psoriasis patients: CC genotype of the XPD gene at the 35931 locus (p = 0.00001); TC genotype of the XPF gene at the 27945 locus (p = 0.0067). It also revealed a molecular marker of an increased risk of development of malignant skin melanomas in healthy people: CC genotype of the XPD gene at the 35931 locus (p = 0.0042).
Efficacy and cosmetic properties of drug forms of hydrocortisone 17-butyrate for patients with allergic contact dermatitis: a prospective observational program
Authors: Kubanov A. A. , Karamova A. E.
Published: February 2022

Objective. To assess the duration of the therapy needed for complete eradication of clinical manifestations of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and evaluate how patients perceive cosmetic properties of Locoid, and to assess etiological factors of ACD based on the medical history. Materials and methods. The authors performed an open multicenter prospective observational program of observations of ACD patients receiving treatment with Locoid (in the form of Lipocream or Crelo). As many as 149 patients were involved. The patients received treatment with Locoid according to the routine practice until complete eradication of the lesions but for not more than 30 days. Prior to the onset of treatment, the etiological factor that caused ACD was evaluated. Upon the completion of the therapy, patients completed questionnaire forms to assess the cosmetic properties of the drug. Results. The authors demonstrated high clinical efficacy of the drug: ACD symptoms were eradicated in 96.64% of the patients; the median treatment duration amounted to 7 days. Cosmetic properties of the drug and general satisfaction with treatment were high regardless of the drug form (Lipocream or Crelo). In the sample under observation, the use of different cosmetic products was the most frequent reason of ACD. High safety of Locoid was demonstrated: adverse events were observed in one patient only. Conclusion. The duration of the therapy needed for complete eradication of clinical manifestations of allergic contact dermatitis is 7 days (median: quartiles of 5-9 days). The perception of cosmetic properties of both Locoid drug forms (Lipocream or Crelo) is positive; general satisfaction with treatment is high and does not depend on the drug form.
Microbial eczema: up-to-date topical treatment with silver sulfathiazole
Authors: Bakulev A. L. , Kravchenya S. S. , Platonova A. N.
Published: February 2022

Goal. The authors conducted a comparative assessment of the efficacy and safety of 2% silver sulfathiazole in a prospective parallel-group observational study of patients with microbial eczema at the exacerbation stage. Materials and methods. The efficacy of the therapy was assessed on Day 7 and Day 14 based on dynamic calculations of the EASI index and ultrasonic assessment of the intensity of pathological processes in the epidermis and derma; the life quality was assessed based on DLQI and EQ-5D indices, respectively. The microbial composition in the lesions was assessed based on bacterioscopy tests of the contents of blains and erosion fluids. The safety of the therapy was assessed based on the frequency of adverse effects. Results. The administration of 2% silver sulfathiazole arrested both eczematous and pyogenic processes in the lesions within a short period of time, which was confirmed by ultrasonic tests: the depth and density of epidermis and derma were normalized. When applications were performed twice a day, the efficacy with regard to gram-positive bacteria was higher as compared to “classical” topical antibiotics. An evident therapeutic effect with regard to gram-positive bacteria and absence of adverse effects substantially improved the life quality of patients suffering from microbial eczema.