bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the nuclear pore dilating agent trans‐cyclohexane‐1,2‐diol in differentiated airway epithelium
Authors: Griesenbach Uta , Wilson Katherine M. , Farley Raymond , Meng Cuixiang , Munkonge Felix M. , Cheng Seng H. , Scheule Ronald K. , Alton Eric W. F. W.
Published: June 2012

Background

The nuclear membrane of differentiated airway epithelial cells is a significant barrier for nonviral vectors. Trans‐cyclohexane‐1,2‐diol (TCHD) is an amphipathic alcohol that has been shown to collapse nuclear pore cores and allow the uptake of macromolecules that would otherwise be too large for nuclear entry. Previous studies have shown that TCHD can increase lipid‐mediated transfection in vitro.

Methods

We aimed to reproduce these in vitro studies using the cationic lipid GL67A, which we are currently assessing in cystic fibrosis trials and, more importantly, we assessed the effects of TCHD on transfection efficiency in differentiated airway epithelium ex vivo and in mouse lung in vivo using three different drug delivery protocols (nebulisation and bolus administration of TCHD to the mouse lung, as well as perfusion of TCHD to the nasal epithelium, which prolongs contact time between the airway epithelium and drug).

Results

TCHD (0.5–2%) dose‐dependently increased Lipofectamine 2000 and GL67A‐mediated transfection of 293T cells by up to 2 logs. Encouragingly, exposure to 8% TCHD (but not 0.5% or 2.0%) increased gene expression in fully differentiated human air liquid interface cultures by approximately 20‐fold, although this was accompanied by significant cell damage. However, none of the TCHD treated mice in any of the three protocols had higher gene expression compared to no TCHD controls.

Conclusions

Although TCHD significantly increases gene transfer in cell lines and differentiated airway epithelium ex vivo, this effect is lost in vivo and further highlights that promising in vitro findings often cannot be translated into in vivo applications. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Unit Interval Graphs of Open and Closed Intervals
Authors: Rautenbach Dieter , Szwarcfiter Jayme L.
Published: June 2012

We give two structural characterizations of the class of finite intersection graphs of the open and closed real intervals of unit length. This class is a proper superclass of the well‐known unit interval graphs.
LOCAL SUCCESS IN ENCOURAGING PARTICIPATORY IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT: POLICY LESSONS FROM INDONESIA
Authors: Ricks Jacob Isaac , Arif Sigit Supadmo
Published: June 2012

Despite decades of promotion, efforts to encourage participatory irrigation management often falter. Nowhere is this more true that on the island of Java, Indonesia where multiple programmes and millions of dollars have resulted in few effective water user associations. Even so, pockets of participatory success exist. We present findings from one locally developed water user association training programme found in Yogyakarta, Indonesia that has experienced relative success in encouraging farmer participation. We then derive policy lessons from this case. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microtubule organization and nucleation in the differentiating ovarian follicle of the lizard Podarcis sicula
Authors: Maurizii Maria Gabriella , Taddei Carlo
Published: June 2012

We analyzed the organization of the microtubular cytoskeleton and the distribution of centrosomes at the different stages of differentiation of the ovarian follicle of the lizard Podarcis sicula by examining immunolabeled α‐ and γ‐tubulins using confocal microscopy. We observed that in the follicular epithelium the differentiation of the nurse pyriform cells is accompanied by a reorganization of the microtubules in the oocyte cortex, changing from a reticular to a radial pattern. Furthermore, these cortical microtubules extend in the cytoplasm of the connected follicle cells through intercellular bridges. Radially oriented microtubules were still more marked in the oocyte cortex during the final stages of oogenesis, when the yolk proteins were incorporated by endocytosis. The nucleation centres of the microtubules (centrosomes) were clearly detectable as γ‐tubulin immunolabeled spots in the somatic stromal cells of the germinal bed. A diffuse cytoplasmic immunolabeling together with multiple labeled foci, resembling the desegregation of the centrosomes in early oogenesis of vertebrates and invertebrates, was revealed in the prediplotenic germ cells. In the cytoplasm of growing oocytes, a diffuse labeling of the γ‐tubulin antibody was always detectable. In the growing ovarian follicles, immunolabeled spots were detected in the mono‐layered follicle cells which surrounded the early oocytes. In follicles with a polymorphic follicular epithelium, only the small follicle cells showed labeled spots. A weak and diffuse labeling was observed in the pyriform cells while in the enlarging intermediate cells the centrosomes degenerated like in the early oocytes. Our observations confirm that in P. sicula most of the oocyte growth is supported by the structural and functional integration of the developing oocyte with the pyriform nurse cells and suggest that their fusion with the oocyte results in an acquirement by these somatic cells of characteristics typical of the germ cells. J. Morphol. 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Corrective economic dispatch in a microgrid
Authors: Wu Yu‐Chi , Chen Meng‐Jen , Lin Jin‐Yuan , Chen Wen‐Shiush , Huang Wen‐Liang
Published: June 2012

In this paper, a corrective economic dispatch problem formulation for distributed generators in a microgrid is presented, which considers the transition from grid‐connected operation to islanded operation. Various constraints related to the operation of a microgrid are modeled, such as spinning reserve requirement for the variation of load demand and the output of intermittent sources, the flow limits between the control areas, and ramping limits of distributed generators. The resulting problem is then solved by an interior point method. Numerical tests based on a three‐area ten‐unit microgrid system show the effects of these constraints on the generation cost. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A dual‐primal finite‐element tearing and interconnecting method combined with tree‐cotree splitting for modeling electromechanical devices
Authors: Yao Wang , Jin Jian‐Ming , Krein Philip T.
Published: June 2012

The dual‐primal finite‐element tearing and interconnecting (FETI‐DP) method is combined with the tree‐cotree splitting (TCS) method to expand the capability and improve the efficiency of the finite‐element analysis of electromechanical devices. With the FETI‐DP method, an original large‐scale problem is decomposed into smaller subdomain problems and parallel computing schemes are then employed to reduce the computation time significantly. The TCS method is adopted to deal with the low‐frequency breakdown problem, which often accompanies the finite‐element analysis of electromechanical problems. On the basis of the computed magnetic field values, the force is computed with the use of the Maxwell stress tensor method. The proposed technique is applied to solve both high‐contrast magnetostatic problems and eddy‐current problems. Results are compared with both measurement data and brute‐force finite‐element calculations without domain decomposition. Comprehensive tests are conducted to investigate the parallel efficiency and numerical scalability. The results show that the proposed method can achieve a good parallel efficiency and an excellent numerical scalability with respect to the number of subdomains and the size of the problem. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Critical steps for pancreaticoduodenectomy in the setting of pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Christians Kathleen K. , Tsai Susan , Tolat Parag P. , Evans Douglas B.
Published: June 2012

Pancreatic resection is one part of a multimodal, multidisciplinary approach to current treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The operation herein has been divided into six discreet steps followed by methods of reconstruction. Management of portal venous and arterial involvement is discussed in detail. The key steps to safe pancreatic surgery are emphasized as one part of present and future pancreatic cancer care. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:33–38. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical analysis of postoperative venous thromboembolism risk factors in lung cancer patients
Authors: Yang Yi , Zhou Zhen , Niu Xiao‐Min , Li Zi‐Ming , Chen Zhi‐Wei , Jian Hong , Ai Xing‐Hao , Cheng Bai‐Jun , Liao Mei‐Lin , Lu Shun
Published: June 2012

Background and Objectives

The objective of this study is to explore clinical risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in postoperative lung cancer patients in order to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of postoperative VTE.

Methods

A total of 1,001 lung cancer patients were retrospectively analyzed. Each patient was confirmed with surgical pathology diagnosis and had a complete clinical and follow‐up record. VTE was identified in a combination of spiral computed tomography (CT), pulmonary angiography, and color Doppler ultrasound. We used life table method to create an occurrence frequency curve of thrombosis. We also searched for high risk factors for postoperative VTE with Cox multivariate regression model and created frequency curves of thrombosis against different risk factors using Kaplan–Meier method.

Results

As of July 31, 2011, the median follow‐up time is 25.73 ± 0.11 months (19.23–31.37). The cumulative frequency of VTE among 1,001 lung cancer patients is 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, and 5.3% over 1, 3, 6, 12, and 30 months after the surgery. COX regression analysis showed that the hazard ratio of VTE occurrence in patients with incomplete resection relative to ones with complete resection is 9.867 (95% CI: 5.275–18.459, P = 0.000). And the hazard ratio of VTE occurrence is 3.472 (95% CI: 1.761–6.845, P = 0.000) in patients with anti‐angiogenesis treatment compared to patients without such treatment. The hazard ratio of VTE occurrence is 2.808 (95% CI: 1.439–5.479, P = 0.002) in patients with EGFR‐TKI treatment relative to patients without the treatment, and 7.520 (95% CI: 3.968–14.250, P = 0.000) in patients with an increase in D‐dimer level relative to normal ones

Conclusions

The highest incidence of VTE is within 1 month after lung cancer surgery. High risk factors for VTE include incomplete surgical resection, postoperative use of anti‐angiogenesis drugs, EGFR‐TKI application and an increase in preoperative D‐dimer level. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:736–741. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of lubricating oil additives on particle size distribution and total number concentration in diesel engine
Authors: Dong Lihui , Shu Gequn , Liang Xingyu , Wang Yuesen , Liu Lina
Published: June 2012

This paper investigates the characteristics of particle size distribution in exhaust gas of engine fuelled with pure diesel and with diesel mixed with base oil or with oil additives. The experiments are conducted on a turbocharged diesel engine with fast particulate spectrometer DMS 500 connected to the exhaust pipe. Base oil and two kinds of commonly used lubricating oil additives, antioxidant additives and antifoaming additives, are chosen to be added into the fuel, with the concentrations being 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% of fuel weight individually. The particle size distribution is measured under medium load (100 Nm) and full load at different speeds. The results indicate that the existence of base oil or oil additives shows great influence on particle size distribution. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Case report of successful peginterferon, ribavirin, and daclatasvir therapy for recurrent cholestatic hepatitis C after liver retransplantation
Authors: Fontana Robert J. , Hughes Eric A. , Appelman Henry , Hindes Robert , Dimitrova Dessislava , Bifano Marc
Published: June 2012

A recurrent hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection after liver transplantation (LT) can lead to accelerated allograft injury and fibrosis. The aim of this article is to report the first ever use of daclatasvir (DCV; also known as BMS-790052), a potent orally administered nonstructural 5A replication complex inhibitor, in combination with peginterferon α (PEG-IFNα) and ribavirin in an LT recipient. A 49-year-old female developed a severe recurrent HCV genotype 1b infection 4 months after transplantation with severe cholestasis on biopsy, an HCV RNA level of 10,000,000 IU/mL, an alkaline phosphatase level of 1525 IU/mL, and a total bilirubin level of 8.4 mg/dL. Despite partial virological suppression with PEG-IFNα and ribavirin, progressive allograft failure ensued and culminated in retransplantation at 9 months. Three months after the second transplant, DCV (20 mg/day), PEG-IFNα2a (180 μg/week), and ribavirin (800 mg/day) were prescribed for early recurrent cholestatic HCV. Serum HCV RNA became undetectable at week 3 of treatment and remained undetectable during 24 weeks of triple therapy and during the posttreatment follow-up. DCV was well tolerated, and the trough drug levels were within the targeted range throughout the treatment. The cyclosporine trough levels were also stable during and after therapy. In conclusion, the lack of anticipated drug-drug interactions between DCV and calcineurin inhibitors and the potent antiviral efficacy of DCV make this agent (in combination with PEG-IFN and ribavirin) an attractive antiviral regimen worthy of further study in LT recipients with recurrent HCV. Liver Transpl, 2012. © 2012 AASLD.
Challenges in the Preparation of Optical Polymer Composites With Nanosized Pigment Particles: A Review on Recent Efforts
Authors: Demir Mustafa M. , Wegner Gerhard
Published: June 2012

Blends of nanosized pigment particles and polymers are widely believed to offer the potential for the design of novel or at least improved materials. This review critically evaluates the recent literature with regard to the following issues: (a) why and how does the size of the particles matter, (b) what are the requirements to create compatibility between amorphous polymers and nanoparticles, (c) carbon allotropes as nanosized pigments, (d) bulk polymerization of monomer/pigment mixtures, (e) interaction of growing chains with the particles in the polymerization, (f) depletion flocculation as a mechanism to counteract homogeneous distribution of the particles in the polymer matrix and ways to suppress the undesirable flocculation, and (g) optical properties of the blends as well as methods of optical characterization.

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Influence of a Nonionic Surfactant on the Preparation of Polymer Dispersions by Precipitation Under Shear
Authors: Kelemen Katharina , Engel Robert , Hecht Lena L. , Schuchmann Heike P. , Holtze Christian
Published: June 2012

The phase separation of a 10% aqueous pNIPAM solution ($\overline {M} _{{\rm w}} $ = 270 000 g mol−1) is studied by measuring the viscosity as function of temperature at different shear rates. While heating above the LCST of pNIPAM and simultaneously applying shear the influence of a nonionic surfactant on the resulting polymer dispersion is observed. Without surfactant the pNIPAM solution precipitates in 200 nm particles independent of the applied shear rate. Above a certain concentration of surfactant (7.7 × 10−3 M) a coherent network is formed in the absence of shear. Using the same composition and applying shear leads to 200 nm polymer particles and the formation of particles larger than 5 µm. The different behavior at different surfactant concentrations is ascribed to its effect on particle aggregation.

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Strange Laminates
Authors: Vannucci Paolo
Published: June 2012

Laminates made of composite anisotropic layers have a large varieties of different possible elastic responses. Still remaining in the classical field of linear elasticity, it is possible to obtain, with laminates, elastic behaviors that are very strange and completely unusual not only for classical materials, like metallic alloys, but also for the same laminates, when one bounds to consider their usual applications and stacking sequences. We show in this paper some strange combinations of plies giving rise to laminates possessing unusual elastic responses. The aim of the paper is threefold; first of all, to show that, contrary to what commonly thought, linear elasticity can still surprise, especially when anisotropy and heterogeneity enter the game. Second, that designers of composite structures can perhaps find a wealth of unexpected solutions that can be very interesting in some cases: it is sufficient to abandon the very restrictive rules commonly used in laminates design. Third, that an appropriate mathematical method, in this case, the polar formalism of Verchery, can open the way to new results, otherwise almost impossible to be found. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fumonisin FB1 treatment acts synergistically with methyl donor deficiency during rat pregnancy to produce alterations of H3‐ and H4‐histone methylation patterns in fetuses
Authors: Pellanda Hélène , Forges Thierry , Bressenot Aude , Chango Abalo , Bronowicki Jean‐Pierre , Guéant Jean‐Louis , Namour Fares
Published: June 2012

Scope

Prenatal folate and methyl donor malnutrition lead to epigenetic alterations that could enhance susceptibility to disease. Methyl‐deficient diet (MDD) and fumonisin FB1 are risk factors for neural tube defects and cancers. Evidence indicates that FB1 impairs folate metabolism.

Methods and results

Folate receptors and four heterochromatin markers were investigated in rat fetuses liver derived from dams exposed to MDD and/or FB1 administered at a dose twice higher than the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI = 2 μg/kg/day). Even though folate receptors transcription seemed up‐regulated by methyl depletion regardless of FB1 treatment, combined MDD/FB1 exposure might reverse this up‐regulation since folate receptors transcripts were lower in the MDD/FB1 versus MDD group. Methyl depletion decreased H4K20me3. Combined MDD/FB1 decreased H4K20me3 even more and increased H3K9me3. The elevated H3K9me3 can be viewed as a defense mechanism inciting the cell to resist heterochromatin disorganization. H3R2me2 and H4K16Ac varied according to this mechanism even though statistical significance was not consistent.

Conclusion

Considering that humans are exposed to FB1 levels above the PMTDI, this study is relevant because it suggests that low doses of FB1 interact with MDD thus contributing to disrupt the epigenetic landscape.
The impact of the catechol‐O‐methyltransferase genotype on vascular function and blood pressure after acute green tea ingestion
Authors: Miller Rosalind J. , Jackson Kim G. , Dadd Tony , Mayes Andrew E. , Brown A. Louise , Lovegrove Julie A. , Minihane Anne M.
Published: June 2012

Scope

Evidence for the benefits of green tea catechins on vascular function is inconsistent, with genotype potentially contributing to the heterogeneity in response. Here, the impact of the catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) genotype on vascular function and blood pressure (BP) after green tea extract ingestion are reported.

Methods and results

Fifty subjects (n = 25 of the proposed low‐activity [AA] and of the high‐activity [GG] COMT rs4680 genotype), completed a randomized, double‐blind, crossover study. Peripheral arterial tonometry, digital volume pulse (DVP), and BP were assessed at baseline and 90 min after 1.06 g of green tea extract or placebo. A 5.5 h and subsequent 18.5 h urine collection was performed to assess green tea catechin excretion. A genotype × treatment interaction was observed for DVP reflection index (p = 0.014), with green tea extract in the AA COMT group attenuating the increase observed with placebo. A tendency for a greater increase in diastolic BP was evident at 90 min after the green tea extract compared to placebo (p = 0.07). A genotypic effect was observed for urinary methylated epigallocatechin during the first 5.5 h, with the GG COMT group demonstrating a greater concentration (p = 0.049).

Conclusion

Differences in small vessel tone according to COMT genotype were evident after acute green tea extract.
Three‐element multilayer multipermittivity cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna for wideband applications with omnidirectional radiation pattern and low cross‐polarization
Authors: Chaudhary Raghvendra Kumar , Srivastava Kumar Vaibhav , Biswas Animesh
Published: June 2012

In this article, a three‐element multilayer multipermittivity (MLMP) cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (CDRA) is proposed for wideband application. This MLMP CDRA is excited with central MLMP CDR using coaxial probe excitation above the finite ground plane. The central MLMP CDR is located at the center of three‐element MLMP CDRA arrangement. The TM01δ mode is excited in central MLMP CDR using coaxial probe, and hence, HE11δ mode would be excited in each MLMP CDRA element. The proposed three‐element MLMP CDRA provides the measured impedance bandwidth of 52.9% (at resonance frequency of 4.42 GHz) from 3.88 to 6.22 GHz for reflection coefficient (S11) less than −10dB with omnidirectional radiation pattern and low cross‐polarization. The average gain of proposed antenna is 5.70 dB in the frequency range of 3.88–6.22 GHz. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2011–2016, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26985
A 6–10 GHz noncoherent IR‐UWB CMOS receiver
Authors: Ha Mincheol , Kim Jaeyoung , Park Youngjin , Eo Yunseong
Published: June 2012

A noncoherent IR‐UWB receiver suitable to UWB high frequency band from 6 to 10 GHz is implemented using 0.18 μm CMOS technology.A proposed wideband single to differential circuit is adopted to remove the bulky external balun. The integrated RF active notch filter to reject the nearby 5 GHz WLAN interferers is used and the measured results shows more than 8 dB improvement in the minimum detection power with the −18 dBm jamming signal at 5.35 GHz. The measured sensitivity of receiver is from −75 to −70 dBm at 1 Mbps PRF. The current consumption of receiver is 20.5 mA at 1.8 V supply. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2007–2010, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26986
A triple band‐notched UWB printed antenna with various slots
Authors: Wang Chen , Yan Ze‐Hong , Xu Ping , Li Bo
Published: June 2012

A printed antenna having triple frequency band‐notched functions for ultra‐wideband applications is proposed and studied.The antenna consists of a rectangular radiating patch with a staircase structure symmetrically in the bottom. With a pair of C‐shaped slots, a U‐shaped slot on the radiating patch and double I‐shaped slots on the ground plane, three frequency‐notched responses at 3.5/5.5/7.2 GHz are obtained. And, good radiation patterns and gains within the operating band have been observed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2088–2091, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26989
DC–20‐GHz compact SPQT switch for butler matrix switched beam smart antenna system
Authors: Tsai Jeng‐Han , Shih Hung‐Da
Published: June 2012

A DC–20‐GHz broadband and compact single‐pole‐quadruple‐throw (SPQT) switch for Butler matrix switched beam smart antenna system application has been designed and fabricated on 0.15‐μm GaAs pHEMT process. By adopting inductive high impedance transmission lines in series‐shunt switch topology, the SPQT switch demonstrates an insertion loss of 1.25–3.53 dB from DC to 20 GHz, and the isolation is higher than 22 dB with a compact chip size of 1.5 mm2. The measured output 1 dB compression point (OP1 dB) is 16 dBm at 12 GHz. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2023–2026, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26993
A compact printed CPW‐fed UWB antenna with dual band‐notched characteristics
Authors: Ni Tao , Jiao Yong‐Chang , Li Wei‐Mei , Zhou Lei , Zhang Fun‐Shun
Published: June 2012

In this article, a compact printed coplannar waveguide fed UWB antenna with 3.5‐/5.8‐GHz band‐notched characteristics is proposed.The proposed antenna consists of an opening rectangle ring and and two resonating structures. One is inserted onto the terminal of the radiating patch and another is connected to the beginning of radiating patch via two metallic holes. The simulation and measurement show that the proposed antenna achieves an impedance bandwidth ranging from 3 to 11 GHz with the dual notched bands around 3.5 and 5.8 GHz. A nearly omnidirectional radiation pattern and constant grop delay are observed except around the two notched frequencies. In addition, the conceptual equivalent circuit models, which combined with input impedance, are also shown for further analysis of the band‐notched characteristics. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2194–2199, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26995
A printed coupled‐fed loop antenna with two chip inductors for the 4G mobile applications
Authors: Chen Wen‐Shan , Lee Bau‐Yi , Liu Yi‐Ting
Published: June 2012

This article proposes a meandered printed loop antenna for the fourth generation (4G) mobile system applications. Using a coupling strip connected with a 50 Ω microstrip fed‐line on front side, the loop antenna on back side is excited and a half wavelength (0.5 λ) resonant mode and its higher modes are successfully resonated. A plane copper strip connected at top of the loop antenna is used to increase the antenna's path and to decrease the lower operation band to cover LTE 700 band. Two 15 nH ceramic chip inductors, which are embedded in the loop antenna, are used to decrease the antenna's 1 and 1.5 λ resonant modes. The 0.5, 1, and 1.5 λ resonant modes get together to form a broad lower operation band (693–1031 MHz) for LTE 700 and GSM 850/900 applications. Beside, the antenna's higher resonant modes are also excited to form a broad higher operation band (1668–2781 MHz) for DCS, PCS, UMTS, LTE 2300, LTE 2500, and WLAN applications. The proposed antenna also has an advantage of small size, which is 114 × 50 mm2 including a loop antenna of 14 × 50 mm2 and a ground plane of 100 × 50 mm2. With the advantages of board band, compact size, low cost, and good performance, the proposed antenna appears to be an optimal candidate for the 4G mobile applications. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2157–2163, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26997
Compact self‐complementary antenna for ultra‐wideband applications
Authors: Huang Chih‐Yu , Chen Guan‐Han
Published: June 2012

A self‐complementary antenna for ultra‐wideband (UWB) is proposed.The proposed antenna has a compact size of 25 × 15 mm and covers the specification for UWB operation in the 3.1–10.6‐GHz bands. It has been proven that the proposed compact antenna can generate UWB and reasonable radiating properties. Details of the proposed antenna design and experimental results are presented and discussed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2144–2146, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27005
Design of double layer frequency selective surfaces with novel multiresonant elements for four‐frequency bands
Authors: Im Young Son , Choi Hak Keun , Park Jae Hyun
Published: June 2012

A double layer frequency selective surface (DFSS) composed of modified square loop, cross dipole, and Jerusalem cross loop patch elements is presented to obtain angle and polarization insensitivity and a broad bandwidth. The presented DFSS reflects the X‐ and K‐band signals, while allowing the C‐ and Ku‐band signals to pass through. In this design, a four‐band FSS (including band‐stop FSS and band‐pass FSS) with a broad bandwidth is obtained by controlling the thickness of the air foam between the FSS layers. An equivalent circuit model is developed to provide insight into the response of the DFSS. Experimental verifications are carried out. The computed results agree well with the measured ones. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2153–2157, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27007
Design of triple‐band monopole antenna with meander line structure for MIMO application
Authors: Ojaroudi Nasser , Ojaroudi Mohammad , Halili Khodadad
Published: June 2012

In this article, a novel wireless local area network (WLAN) frequency range monopole antenna is designed and manufactured for multi‐input‐multi‐output (MIMO) applications. The proposed antenna consists of three pairs of folded L‐shaped strips are placed side by side and printed on a dielectric substrate to generate triple‐band operation which is suitable for WLAN applications. In this structure, each pair of L‐shaped strips monopole antenna can create additional resonances within the WLAN range, which the desired resonant frequencies are obtained by adjusting the dimension of the folded L‐shaped strips. The operating frequencies of the proposed antenna are 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz which covers WLAN systems frequency range. Various configurations of array of this meander line structure monopole antenna for MIMO application are also studied. Prototypes of the proposed antenna have been constructed and studied experimentally. Good return loss and radiation pattern characteristics are obtained in the frequency band of interest. Simulated and measured results are presented to validate the usefulness of this proposed small antenna structure for MIMO applications. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2168–2172, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27008
Measurement and modeling of a UHF‐RFID system in a metallic closed vehicle
Authors: Azpilicueta Leire , Falcone Francisco , Astráin Jose Javier , Villadangos Jesús , Zuazola I.J. García , Landaluce Hugo , Angulo Ignacio , Perallos Asier
Published: June 2012

In this work, the characteristics radiopropagation of a wireless system within an indoor vehicle is presented. An analysis of the physical radio channel propagation inside a van full of dielectric buckets is presented based on three‐dimensional ray launching in house code. Simulation as well as measurement results from a real in‐vehicle scenario confirm the topological dependence and impact on a RFID system is shown. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2126–2130, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27010
A new iterative method to solve the method of moments based electromagnetic field problems
Authors: Rao Sadasiva M.
Published: June 2012

In this work, we present a new iterative method to solve electromagnetic field problems using the method of moments formulation.The new method requires much fewer mathematical operations per iteration when compared to other available methods. Further, the method can easily handle multiple right‐hand side vectors much the same way as direct solution techniques. Several numerical examples are presented to illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the new method. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2042–2046, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27023
Spherical invisibility cloak with minimum number of layers of isotropic materials
Authors: Martins Tiago Carvalho , Dmitriev Victor
Published: June 2012

We designed a multilayered spherical invisibility cloak with minimum number of isotropic layers by particle swarm optimization technique. The optimization parameters are permittivity and permeability of the layers and their thicknesses. The objective function is the total scattering cross section. For the cloak with 13 layers, we achieved 99.9% reduction of total scattering cross section of the perfectly conducting sphere with radius r = 0.983λ. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2217–2220, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com.). DOI 10.1002/mop.27024
Improved metal‐dielectric antennas in UMTS frequency band through extraordinary transmission elements
Authors: Illescas J. , Estévez A. , Falcone F. , Marcotegui A.
Published: June 2012

In this article, a UMTS/HSPA antenna is proposed, based on a stacked planar structure, where the combination of collimation by Enhanced Transmission and the use of parasitic director elements is used to achieve the desired specifications. Full wave simulation results, obtained using an in house developed FDTD code, as well as measurement results from a fabricated prototype are presented, showing good agreement. The proposed antenna can be useful for the deployment of minicell and microcell mobile base stations. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2181–2185, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com.). DOI 10.1002/mop.27026
Planar wideband crossover with distortionless response using dual‐mode microstrip patch
Authors: Abbosh A. M.
Published: June 2012

A microwave crossover using a dual‐mode microstrip patch is presented. The patch is designed to operate at two orthogonal modes. Each of those modes is used to couple a pair of face‐to‐face ports. The isolation between the two orthogonal modes is enhanced by using symmetrical slits in the microstrip patch. The proposed crossover has the main features of high‐power handling capability and distortionless response due to its extremely low group delay deviation. A prototype is designed to operate at the WLAN band from 5.15 to 5.85 GHz. The simulated and measured results indicate less than 0.06 ns deviation in the group delay, less than 1 dB insertion loss, more than 13 dB return loss and more than 12 dB isolation across the whole band. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2077–2079, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27028
A complementary cross‐coupled voltage‐controlled oscillator using differential active inductor
Authors: Jang Sheng‐Lyang , Chen Meng‐Hsin , Chang Chia‐Wei , Juang Miin‐Horng
Published: June 2012

This letter presents a new differential active inductor voltage‐controlled oscillator (VCO), which uses the complementary cross‐coupled pairs to generate differential negative resistance. The active inductor is formed with complementary CMOS. The proposed CMOS low‐phase noise VCO has been implemented with the United Manufacture Corp. (UMC) 90nm CMOS technology and the die area is 0.575 × 0.61 mm2. At the supply voltage of 0.9 V, the total power consumption is 4.5 mW. The free‐running frequency of VCO is tunable from 1.22 to 1.86 GHz as the tuning voltage is varied from 0.0 to 0.9 V. The measured phase noise at 1MHz offset is −111.56 dBc/Hz at the oscillation frequency of 1.22 GHz and the figure of merit of the proposed VCO is about −166.75 dBc/Hz. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2039–2042, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27030
Circularly polarized nanoring antenna for uniform overheating applications
Authors: Soliman Ezzeldin A.
Published: June 2012

A nanoring antenna is introduced for the first time in this article. This nantenna is made by etching a slot ring in a nanogold plate. The proposed nantenna can be easily tuned for operation at any wavelength of interest by varying the diameter of its ring. The proposed nantenna has a pair of hot‐spots that are aligned opposite to each other along a line passing through the center of the nanoring. The electric field intensity enhancement at the hot‐spots of the proposed nantenna is more than 2000 with a full‐width at half‐maximum of about 900 nm centered around 2500 nm wavelength. If excited with circularly polarized plane wave, the hot‐spots pair is rotating with time. This unique feature of the new nanoring makes it very attractive for cancer tumor overheating, as it allows for more uniform distribution of the concentrated heat than any other nantenna with fixed hot‐spot location. The proposed nantenna is thoroughly analyzed by means of two well‐known 3D electromagnetic solvers that agree very well with each other. The effect of varying the substrate refractive index below the nantenna is also investigated. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2209–2214, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27032
GREENING GROWTH THROUGH STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF SECTOR REFORMS
Authors: Slunge Daniel , Loayza Fernando
Published: June 2012

Climate change and escalating degradation of ecosystem services place the need for greening economic growth on the international policy agenda. To make growth greener and more inclusive, it is crucial to change the institutions and incentive structures in national sector reforms and to involve poor and vulnerable groups in decision making. The article analyses the role that strategic environmental assessment (SEA) of sector reforms can play in greening growth in developing countries and discusses implications for public administrations. We suggest that SEA can contribute to greening growth if it draws attention to environmental priorities when the sector reform agenda is set, fosters policy learning processes through repeated and sustained stakeholder interaction and facilitates access to information and empowerment of environmental constituencies. The empirical basis for the article is drawn from a recent World Bank pilot programme involving SEAs of different sector reforms (mining, forestry, urban planning, infrastructure) in Africa (Kenya, Malawi, Sierra Leone, Guinea, Liberia) and Asia (China, Bangladesh and Pakistan). Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION TRANSPARENCY AND IMPLICATIONS FOR GREEN GROWTH IN CHINA
Authors: Li Wanxin , Li Duoduo
Published: June 2012

Environmental information transparency performs social and learning functions indispensable for green growth. Still facing the challenges of a lack of local commitment and less than optimal institutional capacity, there is no doubt that China has made substantial progress on granting and enforcing public right to environmental information. This will help build the social infrastructure necessary for green growth — the rule of law, trust, social organizing, consensus building, social learning, and collective action. A focused approach is desirable because resources and capacity are limited in China — targeting pollutants and sectors that exert the most environmental and health risks as well as those that need technological upgrade most urgently. Then, in the long run, environmental information transparency serves the fundamental goals of ‘good public policy and legitimate governmental decision‐making’ on environment‐related issues in China, in line with both the green growth framework and the long‐term development goal of constructing a harmonious society in China. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ADVANCING THE GOVERNANCE OF CROSS‐SECTORAL POLICIES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A METAGOVERNANCE PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Christopoulos Stamatios , Horvath Balazs , Kull Michael
Published: June 2012

Sustainable Development (SD) and its pillars are well known, and the need for integrating the social, economic and environmental aspects in development is widely accepted. A topic currently gaining momentum is the improvement of the institutional framework, as called for through the ongoing global processes for SD. This study probes into three successful cases of solutions for SD that effectively used metagovernance elements, that is, integrating and fusing different modes of governance. Metagovernance elements in policy mixes bring together, through coordination, formal conventions and less formal agreements of what is acceptable and appropriate administratively and policy‐wise, to solving complex issues in SD. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
THE ROLE OF THE VISIBLE HAND OF PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS IN CREATING A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE
Authors: Glemarec Yannick , Puppim de Oliveira Jose A.
Published: June 2012

A key challenge at the beginning of the 21st century is to de‐carbonize and de‐materialize the global economy in time to avoid irreversible changes to the global and local environment while generating enough social and economic development opportunities to reduce poverty and inequity. Four main ‘development paradigms’ dominate the contemporary public discourse on how to best meet this challenge and achieve the social, economic and environment pillars of sustainable development: (i) a growth‐focused development paradigm; (ii) a pro‐poor growth development paradigm; (iii) a green‐growth development paradigm; and (iv) a resilient growth development paradigm. Although these four development paradigms are usually perceived as mutually exclusive, the paper argues that they should be regarded as complementary, with each providing a necessary but in itself insufficient response to the challenge of sustainability. The new sustainable development paradigm will require a substantial transformation of the present economic development model analogous to what transition economies underwent during the industrial revolution. The paper discusses the political, managerial and social implementation challenges for this societal shift and finds that its success will depend on whether public administrations are adequately prepared to translate government policies into action at the different levels, negotiate conflicts and build trust among stakeholders. The paper concludes by summarizing some of the solutions advocated in the individual contributions to this Special Edition of PAD to strengthen the capacity of public administrations in creating a sustainable future. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proteomic analysis of human hippocampus shows differential protein expression in the different hippocampal subfields
Authors: Föcking Melanie , Chen Wei‐Qiang , Dicker Patrick , Dunn Michael J. , Lubec Gert , Cotter David R.
Published: June 2012

In the current investigation, we aimed to characterize the differential protein expression in each of the hippocampal subregions in healthy control samples (n = 20). We used laser‐assisted microdissection and difference in‐gel electrophoresis to enrich for these tissues and to compare protein profiles. Image analysis was carried out using Progenesis SameSpots. Samples with a false discovery rate smaller than 5%, a p‐value of < 0.01, and an expression of at least ± 1.2 were considered significant. Proteins were identified using LC‐ESI‐MS/MS. The raw mass spectral data were analyzed using DataAnalysis software. Data were searched against the Swissprot database using MASCOT. Samples were grouped according to the different subregions and we found 182 spots to be differentially expressed between the different hippocampal subregions. These have been made available as part of the UCD‐2DPAGE database at http://proteomics‐portal.ucd.ie:8082. The associated MS data have been submitted to PRIDE (Accession numbers 21593–21745). This baseline data will be helpful in helping us to understand the central role of the hippocampus in health and the evidence that particular hippocampal subregions are differentially affected in disease.
Insights into the Mechanisms of Isopropanol Conversion on γ‐Al2O3 by Dielectric Barrier Discharge
Authors: Rivallan Mickaël , Fourré Elodie , Aiello Sébastien , Tatibouët Jean‐Michel , Thibault‐Starzyk Frédéric
Published: June 2012

Mechanisms of isopropanol (IPA) conversion on γ‐Al2O3 by dielectric barrier discharge plasma are elucidated by the means of operando Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. In that case, it is shown that the IPA conversion proceeds by successive steps. Firstly, via the oxidation of IPA into acetone by atomic oxygen and ozone produced in the plasma composed of dry air. Secondly, after aldolization of acetone into mesityl oxide at the surface of the γ‐Al2O3 catalyst. Thirdly, after fragmentation of mesityl oxide into acetaldehyde and isobutene. Such cascade reactions are only possible when a catalyst is placed in the discharge zone (in‐plasma catalysis). It initially supports the IPA molecules and then allows products condensation before their fragmentation.

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Avoided level crossings in open quantum systems
Authors: Eleuch H. , Rotter I.
Published: June 2012

At high level density, two states avoid usually crossing at the critical value acr of the parameter a by which the system is controlled. The wavefunctions of the two states are mixed in a finite parameter range around acr. This holds true for discrete states as well as for narrow resonance states which are coupled via the environment of scattering wavefunctions. We study the influence of avoided level crossings onto four overlapping complex eigenvalues of a symmetric non‐Hermitian operator. The mixing of the two wavefunctions around acr is simulated, in each case, by assuming a Gaussian distribution around acr. At high level density, the Gaussian distributions related to avoided crossings of different levels may overlap. Here, new effects arise, especially from the imaginary part of the coupling term via the environment. The results show, moreover, the influence of symmetries onto the multi‐level avoided crossing phenomenon.
Braid operation of exceptional points
Authors: Kim S.W.
Published: June 2012

We review the characteristics of exceptional points (EPs) focusing on their braid operation. First we explain how the braid operation occurs in EPs using 2 × 2 non‐Hermitian matrix, and discuss the physical meaning of the coalescence of eigenvetors at the EP. We also show the relation between EPs and the so‐called exotic holonomy. Finally, we demonstrate a preliminary result on how to exploit the braid operation of EPs for topological quantum computation.
Partialism, Executive Control, and the Deportation of Permanent Residents from Australia
Authors: Nethery Amy
Published: June 2012

Many migration policies in Western democracies can be categorised as what Matthew J. Gibney calls a ‘partialist’ approach to migration. Drawing from communitarian, conservative, and constitutionalist realist political theories, a partialist approach prioritises the interests and values of citizens and the community over the needs of non‐citizens. Stepping outside the normative debate, this paper examines the political implications of a partialist approach to migration policies. The paper argues that it is possible for such policies to be inconsistent with liberal democratic processes of government. Specifically, there is a risk that partialist ideas can be used to justify policies that set aside legal and administrative checks and balances in favour of executive control over migration policies. This is evident in the Australian policy of deportation of long‐term permanent residents on character grounds. The paper argues that partialist ideas have been used to justify a high level of executive control over deportations. Executive control is achieved in three ways: broad powers of ministerial discretion; a mechanical bureaucracy, and the use of immigration detention. The cumulative effect means that deportation policy is implemented without the checks and balances fundamental to ensuring limits to executive power. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.