bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genomic evolution of uveal melanoma arising in ocular melanocytosis
Authors: Durante Michael A. , Field Matthew G. , Sanchez Margaret I. , Covington Kyle R. , Decatur Christina L. , Dubovy Sander R. , Harbour J. William
Published: June 2019

Ocular melanocytosis is the most important predisposing condition for the eye cancer uveal melanoma (UM). Here, we present a patient who developed UM arising within ocular melanocytosis who was treated with enucleation (eye removal), which provided an invaluable opportunity to interrogate both the UM and adjacent uveal tissue containing the melanocytosis using whole-exome and deep-targeted sequencing. This analysis revealed a clonal PLCB4 mutation in the melanocytosis, confirming that this is indeed a neoplastic condition and explaining why it predisposes to UM. This mutation was present in 100% of analyzed UM cells, indicating that a PLCB4-mutant cell gave rise to the UM. The earliest aberrations specific to the tumor were loss of Chromosomes 1p, 3, and 9p, which were present in virtually all tumor cells. A mutation in BAP1 arose later on the other copy of Chromosome 3 in a tumor subclone, followed by a gain of Chromosome 8q. These findings provide a mechanistic explanation for the well-known clinical association between ocular melanocytosis and UM by showing that this predisposing condition introduces the first “hit” and thereby increases the stochastic likelihood of acquiring further aberrations leading to UM.
Barrier analysis of supply chain finance adoption in manufacturing companies
Authors: Alora Aswin , Barua Mukesh K.
Published: June 2019

Purpose

Companies all over the world have recently started to adopt supply chain finance (SCF) solutions in their supply chains to reduce the payment defaults and simplify the bill settlement process. The purpose of this paper is to identify and prioritize the barriers to adopting SCF in micro, small and medium enterprises.

Design/methodology/approach

It employs a three-phase methodology to identify and prioritize the essential barriers to the implementation of SCF. An extensive survey has been carried out in 101 Indian MSMEs in India which identified 37 barriers under six heads in the first phase. Experts’ interview using the Delphi technique has been carried out in the second phase to finalize the barriers. The analytic hierarchy process methodology, with sensitivity analysis for validation, is used in the final stage to prioritize and rank the barriers.

Findings

Results show that financial and information technology barriers are prominent in SCF adoption followed by financial challenges. Among specific barriers, the disclosure of sensitive company information to competitor barrier acts as an essential barrier followed by poor technological capability of MSMEs.

Research limitations/implications

The study is limited to SCF adoption of MSMEs in a developing nation. Extensive research is required in order to derive a global trend.

Practical implications

The current research contributes to the stakeholder theory and transaction cost economics. Observations made in the current research can encourage organizations to incorporate stakeholders’ concerns into the adoption of SCF solutions. The study provides a more in-depth view of such challenges and a benchmark, which will help companies to adopt SCF solutions more effortlessly. Moreover, policy makers across the world can explore these serious issues and amend or introduce new policies to facilitate companies’ implementation of supply chain financial solutions.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study which identified and prioritized SCF adoption barriers of MSMEs in a developing nation. This study is also novel in adopting a hybrid analytical hierarchy process-sensitivity analysis for ranking the SCF barriers in an MSME context. SCF studies often emphasize only on the reverse factoring aspect of SCF. The current study considers many innovative aspects of SCF, such as pre-shipment financing, dynamic discounting, inventory financing, collaborative logistics, etc.
Price premium effect, supply contracts and strategic decision making under environmental considerations
Authors: Ramani Vinay , Swami Sanjeev , Ghosh Debabrata
Published: June 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of collaboration between supply chain entities in a dyadic setting where the manufacturer invests in greening and technology adoption effort leading to a price premium effect for the supply chain players.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper uses game theoretic approach to analyze the model of inter-firm interaction in a vertical channel setting consisting of a retailer and manufacturer. The paper studies strategic decisions of the channel members in a decentralized and centralized structure and extends this to decision making under contractual settings.

Findings

A two-part tariff completely coordinates the green supply chain, while a cost sharing and revenue sharing contract only achieve partial coordination. Nevertheless, a cost sharing, as well as a revenue sharing contract, increases the greening and technological adoption effort by the manufacturer while yielding the supply chain members a strictly larger profit. Furthermore, a revenue sharing contract in comparison to a cost sharing contract, leads to a larger greening and technological adoption effort by the manufacturer, lower wholesale and retail prices and a strictly larger profit for both the manufacturer and the retailer.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to the green supply chain pricing, technology and contract literature considering strategic interactions between a manufacturer and retailer in a supply chain under price premium effects of greening activities and technological advancements.
Analyzing manufacturing strategies and Industry 4.0 supplier performance relationships from a resource-based perspective
Authors: Salam Mohammad Asif
Published: June 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of manufacturing strategies on Industry 4.0 supplier performance. Suppliers play a crucial role in manufacturing supply chains, and firms are dependent on identifying and managing them to enhance Industry 4.0 supplier performance.

Design/methodology/approach

A descriptive to causal research is conducted with survey and tested via multiple regression analysis. Using the extant literature, four manufacturing strategies are identified and analyzed as the determinants of supplier performance pertaining to the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0). A survey was designed and targeted to 200 samples of manufacturing firms in Thailand. Finally, the research model was tested to examine the hypothesized relationships.

Findings

Based on the results, it was found that better quality and flexibility in manufacturing positively impact Industry 4.0 supplier performance. However, the rate of delivery and cost reduction did not have any statistical influence on the Industry 4.0 supplier performance.

Research limitations/implications

The data for this study were collected from Thailand, only one country. Hence, the findings are indicative but not representative of other Asian countries. Also, the findings are not generalizable to other industries.

Practical implications

This study will enable supply chain professionals to understand the determinants of Industry 4.0 supplier performance within an Asian context, which will be valuable to them when sourcing from Asian suppliers. To compete successfully in increasingly globalized world, firms must use their resources effectively and productively. Firms must align their vital resources and capabilities to maximize competitive advantage.

Originality/value

The paper identifies the manufacturing strategies that significantly influence the Industry 4.0 supplier performance of manufacturing companies.
Economic analysis of China’s marketization process over four decades and the construction of the Chinese model and Economics with Chinese Studies
Authors: Yang Ruilong
Published: June 2019

Purpose

Over the past four decades, China has strived to make the market mechanism play a decisive role in resource allocation under the conditions of adhering to the basic socialist economic system. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach

On this matter, this paper proposes a three-phase transition hypothesis for the Chinese institutional change models, namely, a de facto path, which gives potential to a successful incremental transition of a centralized country from planned economy to a market economy, lies in the incremental transitions of the institutional change models from a supply-oriented model at initial reform to a middle-proliferation model and to a demand-induced model along with the gradual establishment of exclusive property rights, thereby completing the transition to a socialist-market-economic system.

Findings

The Chinese economic model’s unique connotation is the reason why the solution to this model often baffles both the traditional political-economic logic and western mainstream institutional change theory.

Originality/value

This hypothesis corroborates that China’s unswerving practice of economic reform has provided unprecedented opportunities and challenges for the development of economic theory. The Chinese model constitutes the source of innovation for the subject of Economics with Chinese Studies.
Computer vision approach for phase identification from steel microstructure
Authors: Choudhury Amitava , Pal Snehanshu , Naskar Ruchira , Basumallick Amitava
Published: June 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop an automated phase segmentation model from complex microstructure. The mechanical and physical properties of metals and alloys are influenced by their microstructure, and therefore the investigation of microstructure is essential. Coexistence of random or sometimes patterned distribution of different microstructural features such as phase, grains and defects makes microstructure highly complex, and accordingly identification or recognition of individual phase, grains and defects within a microstructure is difficult.

Design/methodology/approach

In this perspective, computer vision and image processing techniques are effective to help in understanding and proper interpretation of microscopic image. Microstructure-based image processing mainly focuses on image segmentation, boundary detection and grain size approximation. In this paper, a new approach is presented for automated phase segmentation from 2D microstructure images. The benefit of the proposed work is to identify dominated phase from complex microstructure images. The proposed model is trained and tested with 373 different ultra-high carbon steel (UHCS) microscopic images.

Findings

In this paper, Sobel and Watershed transformation algorithms are used for identification of dominating phases, and deep learning model has been used for identification of phase class from microstructural images.

Originality/value

For the first time, the authors have implemented edge detection followed by watershed segmentation and deep learning (convolutional neural network) to identify phases of UHCS microstructure.
Real estate list price anchoring and cognitive ability
Authors: Da Silva Sergio , Matsushita Raul , Pereira Mariana , Fontana Mariê
Published: June 2019

Purpose

This paper aims to revisit the issue of anchoring effects in real estate markets to consider the current dual-processing theory of mind.

Design/methodology/approach

The effects of high and low anchors in a price estimation task are, thus, explained by both Systems 1 and 2 as these play a key role in the guess of the “correct” list price. The authors also take into account the mediation of overconfidence in the estimates and how confidence relates to cognitive ability. Moreover, the authors nuance the field experiment by considering the decisions taken by professional real estate agents and amateur students alike because experts are expected to be less prone to cognitive biases.

Findings

The large anchoring index of 67 per cent found for the real estate agents suggests these professionals make their judgment unconsciously by priming (and thus, using their System 1), despite being overconfident. In contrast, an even larger anchoring index for the undergraduates (86 per cent) was found, as expected for nonexperts. However, the authors suggest the students’ judgments use their System 2 because they are clueless in their non-anchored estimates and, as result, consider the list prices as a heuristic to deliberately anchor and adjust.

Originality/value

Anchoring effects in real estate markets have not been approached so far by the dual-processing theory of mind.
Touring for peace: the role of dual-narrative tours in creating transnational activists
Authors: Schneider Emily Maureen
Published: June 2019

Purpose

Scholarship on the contact hypothesis and peacebuilding suggests that contact with marginalized ethnic and racial groups may reduce prejudice and improve opportunities for conflict resolution. Through a study of dual-narrative tours to Israel/Palestine, the purpose of this paper is to address two areas of the debate surrounding this approach to social change. First, past research on the effectiveness of contact-based tourism as a method to change attitudes is inconclusive. Travel to a foreign country has been shown to both improve and worsen tourists’ perceptions of a host population. Second, few scholars have attempted to link contact-based changes in attitudes to activism.

Design/methodology/approach

Through an analysis of 218 post-tour surveys, this study examines the role of dual-narrative tours in sparking attitude change that may facilitate involvement in peace and justice activism. Surveys were collected from the leading “dual-narrative” tour company in the region, MEJDI. Dual-narrative tours uniquely expose mainstream tourists in Israel/Palestine to Palestinian perspectives that are typically absent from the majority of tours to the region. This case study of dual-narrative tours therefore provides a unique opportunity to address the self-selecting bias, as identified by contact hypothesis and tourism scholars, in order to understand the potential impacts of exposure to marginalized narratives.

Findings

The findings of this study suggest that while these tours tend to engender increased support for Palestinians over Israelis, their most salient function appears to be the cultivation of empathy for “both sides” of the conflict. Similarly, dual-narrative tours often prompt visitors to understand the conflict to be more complex than they previously thought. In terms of activism, tourists tend to prioritize education-based initiatives in their plans for post-tour political engagement. In addition, a large number of participants articulated commitments to support joint Israeli–Palestinian non-governmental organizations and to try to influence US foreign policy to be more equitable.

Originality/value

These findings complicate debates within the scholarship on peacebuilding as well as within movements for social justice in Israel/Palestine. While programs that equate Israeli and Palestinian perspectives are often criticized for reinforcing the status quo, dual-narrative tours appear to facilitate nuance and universalism while also shifting tourists toward greater identification with an oppressed population. Together, these findings shed light on the ability of tourism to facilitate positive attitude change about a previously stigmatized racial/ethnic group, as well as the power of contact and exposure to marginalized narratives to inspire peace and justice activism.
The intersection of legitimacy needs, actions and reform policy: the case of private higher education
Authors: Low Brian
Published: June 2019

Purpose

This paper aims to examine how a combination of legitimacy needs and actions (LNAs) can shed light on the legitimacy behaviour of private higher education institutions (PHEIs) operating in an institutional business environment that is witnessing significant public–private sector role reversal. The legitimacy process is promoted as an exemplar to inform the increasing number of public–private sector role reversals in the utility, transportation, health and telecommunication sectors.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on empirical evidence, this paper triangulates data from archival policy announcements, retrospective case studies and face-to-face interviews. A replication logic methodology was used to establish LNAs and categorized themes.

Findings

The findings show that market, relational, investment, alliance and social legitimacy needs are crucial drivers for PHEIs when hybridizing their legitimacy practices, especially during critical phases of institutional reform. The proposed conceptual framework demonstrates how the legitimacy construction process is the result of internal development and external validation.

Research limitations/implications

In providing some empirical descriptions and generalizations, the model makes limited attempt to determine with any specificity how PHEIs interact with their institutional environment, beyond a process of data triangulation.

Practical implications

The proposed LNA framework is especially relevant in industries where the government has historically been a major institutional stakeholder, but where market liberalization is leading to increasingly active participation by the private sector. Findings can help PHEIs deal with reform policies by establishing deep and varied expertise inside their organizations and through links with international universities, industries and government agencies enable knowledge exchange, transfer, partnerships and the development of alliance capitalism.

Originality/value

This study provides a more comprehensive approach for theorizing the interrelatedness and embeddedness of organizations with common business and institutional demand factors and linkages and their changing roles, particularly the multi-scale impacts of LNAs on legitimacy sustainability.
Characteristics of challenging situations: two policy-capturing studies
Authors: Ohly Sandra
Published: June 2019

Purpose

Although the appraisal of a situation as challenging has positive effects on performance and stress-related outcomes, the situational and individual characteristics that make challenge appraisal likely are far from clear. The purpose of this paper is to test these characteristics based on a review of the conceptualizations of challenge and the associated positive effects.

Design/methodology/approach

Potential characteristics of challenge are tested in two policy-capturing studies using a full factorial experimental design.

Findings

Results reveal that situations are appraised as more challenging than threatening when goal importance, task difficulty and controllability are high rather than low.

Research limitations/implications

These results indicate that challenge and threat are distinguished through the means a person believes to have available to cope with demands, an aspect of controllability.

Originality/value

This paper provides a first experimental test of characteristics of challenging situations.
The role of knowledge in valuation practice: expert valuers’ perceptions
Authors: Amidu Abdul-Rasheed , Boyd David , Agboola Alirat Olayinka
Published: June 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the role knowledge plays in expert commercial valuer practice to unpack the way theoretical and experiential knowledge operates in order to improve practice and education.

Design/methodology/approach

Adopting a cognitivist perspective and identifying meta-reasoning, using a grounded theory methodology, through the study of 11 chartered valuation surveyors practicing in Birmingham, United Kingdom, the distinctive theoretical and experiential knowledge they used was elicited through their in-depth reflection on a valuation task followed by analytical interviews exploring meaning and reasons of actions described.

Findings

The results confirmed that multi-sourced and rich valuation knowledge was a key attribute of a valuation expert. However, the experiential knowledge was not used to undertake the task but to select the methods and knowledge appropriate for the task and context. This meta-reasoning is a key to the speed, accuracy and justification of their practices. Thus, the experience gained from many years of valuation provides expert valuers with meta-reasoning involving knowledge of what, how and when to deal with problems in different circumstances such as the knowledge of markets and handling of clients.

Practical implications

Making meta-reasoning a key aspect of valuation will identify its characteristics more clearly, thus assisting the development of practitioners and providing a new focus for education to advance professional goals.

Originality/value

Meta-reasoning and meta-cognitive knowledge have not been identified as a key to successful valuation practice. This meta-reasoning allows a subtle balance of theory and experience in valuation practice that is appropriate to the situation.
Developing culturally responsive social, emotional, and behavioral supports
Authors: Cressey James
Published: June 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate an interdisciplinary system of targeted student supports, drawing from social and emotional learning (SEL), culturally responsive practices (CRP) and positive behavioral interventions and supports (PBIS). While these approaches are not often synthesized in research literature, innovative educators are integrating multiple theories and practices to achieve better outcomes for students.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper uses a descriptive, participatory case study method, including quantitative and qualitative data from a three-year period. The author was a participant in the change process, as well as an observer documenting the outcomes. The case study takes place in a Spanish/English bilingual elementary school.

Findings

PBIS was a strong influence in the three-year systems change process, due in part to the availability of free, research-based tools. The educators adapted PBIS practices to incorporate SEL, and CRP approaches in several instances. Quantitative data show the increase in PBIS implementation fidelity and one student’s progress with a targeted intervention. Qualitative data illustrate the creative, interdisciplinary and contextualized adaptations made by the team.

Originality/value

Guidance is available for educators seeking to implement SEL, CRP and/or PBIS approaches in isolation. To a lesser extent, integrated models are emerging in the literature. There is a need for more descriptive, real-world case examples of how these approaches are implemented and adapted in practice. This study provides educators with one example that can offer examples and implications for practice.
Getting along with others as an educational goal
Authors: Morrison Jennifer R. , Reilly Joseph M. , Ross Steven M.
Published: June 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine how participants in diverse schools newly implement the Sanford Harmony social and emotional learning (SEL) program and perceive its benefits for students and overall school climate.

Design/methodology/approach

The current study employed a convergent parallel mixed-methods design with a sample of five elementary schools in the western USA. Measures included classroom observations, administrator interviews, teacher interviews and focus groups, student focus groups, and a teacher questionnaire.

Findings

Findings indicated expected variation in implementation across schools, although all participants reacted favorably to the program and, importantly, would recommend the program to others. Administrators, teachers and students all saw the value of the program, particularly in terms of student relationship building and improved school climate. Implementation challenges experienced by schools were consistent with research on diffusion of innovations.

Practical implications

The present study demonstrates the importance of effective professional development, continued support, collective decision making and intentional integration of the SEL program throughout a school to support robust implementation and ultimately achieve intended outcomes.

Originality/value

Researchers have yet to examine in-depth implementation of the Sanford Harmony program and how best to support scale-up and more intentional implementation in schools. As implementation fidelity is a key component of a program achieving intended outcomes, the findings from the present study contribute to the knowledge base of supporting SEL program implementation.
Implementing effective customer participation for hedonic and utilitarian services
Authors: Blinda Kristina , Schnittka Oliver , Sattler Henrik , Gräve Jan-Frederik
Published: June 2019

Purpose

A distinct view of customer participation in services classifies the characteristics of the participation process as experience- versus outcome-oriented, each of which affects customer participation success uniquely for different types of services (utilitarian vs hedonic). This study aims to investigate if service managers should differentiate and focus on distinct characteristics according to the service types.

Design/methodology/approach

Two consumer experiments serve to assess the potential moderating effect of service type on consumer preferences for experience- versus outcome-oriented forms of customer participation.

Findings

The two empirical studies affirm the proposed moderating effect of service type on the effect of experience- and outcome-oriented customer participation characteristics. Experience-oriented characteristics work better for hedonic than for utilitarian services, and one study confirms a stronger positive effect of outcome-oriented characteristics for utilitarian services.

Research implications

Further research should replicate the experimental findings with a field study. Furthermore, continued research could analyze the mediators of the interaction of co-production characteristics with the service type in greater detail.

Practical implications

Managers can design the characteristics of the customer participation processes according to the nature of the service (hedonic vs utilitarian) and, thus, maximize customers’ willingness to pay.

Originality/value

This study offers a new perspective on customers’ reactions to customer participation in services: depending on the service type or situation in which a service is being consumed, different customer participation characteristics lead to (financial) success.
The application of small group and individual flipped model with WhatsApp to foster EFL learners’ cohesive writing skill
Authors: Arifani Yudhi
Published: June 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate the ability of EFL learners’ cohesion after the implementation of small group flipped instruction model through WhatsApp with small group writing activities compared with individual flipped instruction model through WhatsApp with individual writing activities.

Design/methodology/approach

A quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent control group and a pre-test/post-test design was implemented to find any significant difference between the two combinations. The small group was treated using small group flipped instruction model through WhatsApp with small group writing activities, and an individual class was exposed to individual group flipped instruction model through WhatsApp with individual writing activities as well. The instrument of this study was a writing test.

Findings

The findings revealed that the mean score from the small group flipped instruction model through WhatsApp with small group writing activities at 66.17 was higher than the mean score individual flipped model via WhatsApp with individual writing activities at50.19 with a level of significance < 0.05. He meant that the small group flipped classroom instruction model through WhatsApp with small group writing activities performed better than teaching cohesion with individual flipped instruction through WhatsApp with individual writing activities. The results suggested small group flipped teaching–learning cohesion with WhatsApp in writing served as one of the alternatives flipped group discussion to improve learners’ cohesion in writing.

Originality/value

Flipped classroom innovation has attracted English language teaching researchers’ attention to scrutinize its effectiveness. This inquiry, therefore, elaborated the effect off-lipping individual and small group classroom instruction with WhatsApp on EFL learners’ cohesion as part of EFL writing skills.
Bridging advertising practitioner theories and academic theories on how to communicate effectively with men and women
Authors: Windels Kasey
Published: June 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to understand advertising practitioners’ theories on how to communicate effectively with men and women via advertising. Further, comparisons are made between practitioners’ theories and academic research.

Design/methodology/approach

Qualitative interviews were conducted with 39 US advertising practitioners.

Findings

Many professionals believed women preferred other-oriented messages, while men preferred self-oriented messages. They believed women were comprehensive processors, while men were less engaged with advertising messages. They believe men preferred slapstick humor and factual messages, while women preferred emotional appeals.

Research limitations/implications

Comparisons between practitioners’ perspectives and the academic research reveal that practitioners’ theories often correspond to academic theories and empirical data. Relationships with the selectivity hypothesis are explored in depth. Suggestions are made to extend existing theory to test practitioners’ theories.

Practical implications

This study helps to bridge the academician-practitioner gap, which helps academics understand practitioners, communicate with them and develop shared knowledge.

Originality/value

This study fills a research gap in understanding practitioners’ theories of how to communicate with men and women. A key contribution of the research is a comparison of practitioner theories with academic research to note points of agreement and disagreement, bridge the gap and offer suggestions for future research.
The impact of product presentation on decision-making and purchasing
Authors: Boardman Rosy , McCormick Helen
Published: June 2019

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate how apparel product presentation influences consumer decision-making and whether there are any differences between age groups.

Design/methodology/approach

A mixed methodology was used including eye-tracking and qualitative in-depth interviews, with a purposive sample of 50 participants between age 20 and 70.

Findings

A higher number of product presentation features resulted in increased positive visual, cognitive and affective responses as consumers wanted as much visual information as possible to aid decision-making. Images of models attracted the most attention and were the most influential product presentation feature, followed by mannequin images and the zoom function. The 20 s spent much less time viewing and interacting with the product presentation features than middle age groups (30 s-50 s), had minimal fixations on mannequin images and had a much quicker decision-making process than other age groups.

Practical implications

The research informs retailers which product presentation features are the most effective for their target market to aid consumer decision-making with the aim of reducing returns.

Originality/value

The paper contributes to the literature by providing more in-depth insights than previous studies into the impact of online product presentation on consumer decision-making by using qualitative research and eye-tracking. The research also explores more product presentation features than previous research and investigates the presentation of apparel products, which are notoriously the most difficult products for consumers to assess online. The research is unique in its exploration of age differences in relation to product presentation features.
“Alternative” materials in the green building and construction sector
Authors: Krueger Kate , Stoker Adam , Gaustad Gabrielle
Published: June 2019

Purpose

The construction, use and demolition of buildings carry enormous environmental burdens. As one step to reduce a building’s environmental impact, green building design guidelines and certification programs, such as Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, Cradle to Cradle and the Whole Building Design Guide, promote the specification of alternative, non-traditional building materials. Alternative materials carry a variety of potential benefits: reducing the amount of energy and other resources needed to create building materials; creating healthier indoor and outdoor environments; diverting or reducing waste from landfills; reducing the use of scarce, critical or economically volatile materials; and spurring innovation in the building industry. However, a lack of clarity surrounds alternative materials and creates a barrier to their usage. The purpose of this paper is to review definitions of alternative materials in various design guidelines in order to provide context to their specification and usage.

Design/methodology/approach

Through a survey of green building programs and guidelines, existing literature on alternative materials, and life-cycle assessment using multiple inventory databases, this study tackles the following questions: what constitutes an alternative building material; what are the current barriers to their specification; how are they specified in the most common design guidelines; and do alternative building materials present a “greener” alternative?

Findings

These results show that while often alternative materials do in fact show promise for reducing environmental impacts of the built environment, by how much can be a challenging question to quantify and depends on a variety of factors. While many green building guides and certification systems provide recommendations for use of alternative materials, the sheer diversity and uncertainty of these systems coupled with the complexity in understanding their impacts still present a significant barrier to their specification. Much work remains in a variety of disciplines to tackle these barriers. A clear emphasis should be on better understanding their environmental impacts, particularly with respect to the context within the built environment that their specification will provide energy, resource and emission savings. Other key areas of significant work include reducing costs, removing regulatory and code barriers, and educating designers, consumers, and end-users.

Originality/value

Alternative materials are defined and specified in a diversity of contexts leaving the design and construction communities hesitant to promote their use; other work has found this to be a key barrier to their widespread usage. By compiling definitions, barriers and design guidelines instructions while also exploring analytically the benefits of specific cases, this work provides a foundation for better understanding where new, more sustainable materials can be successfully specified.
Research on shearer positioning with double-INS
Authors: Wang Shijia
Published: June 2019

Purpose

This paper aims to improve shearer positioning accuracy. Shearer positioning using an inertial navigation system (INS) is a highly useful technology; however, positioning accuracy is seriously hindered by INS attitude error, particularly heading drift.

Design/methodology/approach

A shearer positioning model with double-INS based on extended Kalman filter was proposed. The constant distance between two INSs (INS 1 and INS 2) was selected as the observation vector. Allan variance was used to identify the noise type of the vertical-axis gyroscope, and the stochastic process of heading drift for two INSs was obtained and divided into incongruous drift and concurrent drift.

Findings

Simulation was then carried out to determine the optimal arrangement of the two INSs. For incongruous drift, the optimal arrangement satisfied the condition that the line connecting INS 1 and INS 2 was perpendicular to the shearer lateral axis (in the shearer coordinate frame) and parallel to the east-north plane (in the east-north-up coordinate frame). Under optimal arrangement, the positioning accuracy increased against the distance between INS 1 and INS 2. For concurrent drift, the double-INS positioning model had no effect. Under the circumstances, the number of INSs should be increased so that the uncertainty of INS drift was reflected as much as possible.

Originality/value

A new double-INS positioning model was proposed with the constant distance between the two INSs. The optimal arrangement for double-INS was obtained.
Stressed /e/ Centralization into Schwa and Related Mid Vowel Developments in Catalan and Elsewhere in the Romania
Authors: Recasens Daniel
Published: June 2019

The present study seeks to throw some light on the relative chronology of the changes /e/ > [ə] and /ɛ/ > [e] in stressed position in Old Eastern Catalan by analysing in detail the development of the stressed mid front vowels in dialects of other Romance linguistic domains in which stressed /e/ has also shifted to a mid central vowel or else to a (mid) low vowel generated possibly from an earlier schwa. Data from Ladin Rhaetoromance, Occitan and perhaps Francoprovençal dialects suggests that a chain shift occurred in Old Eastern Catalan by which /ɛ/ developed into [e] in order to fill the gap left by the centralization of stressed /e/ into [ə]. The paper also holds that the centralization of stressed /e/ into schwa must have operated after the reduction of unstressed /e/ and/or /a/ into schwa given that unstressed schwa co‐occurs with stressed schwa within the same word as a general rule in the world's languages while the presence of unstressed schwa does not imply the existence of stressed schwa.
From Planning to Prototypes: New Ways of Seeing Like a State
Authors: Johns Fleur
Published: June 2019

All states have pursued what James C. Scott characterised as modernist projects of legibility and simplification: maps, censuses, national economic plans and related legislative programs. Many, including Scott, have pointed out blindspots embedded in these tools. As such criticism persists, however, the synoptic style of law and development has changed. Governments, NGOs and international agencies now aspire to draw upon immense repositories of digital data. Modes of analysis too have changed. No longer is legibility a precondition for action. Law‐ and policy‐making are being informed by business development methods that prefer prototypes over plans. States and international institutions continue to plan, but also seek insight from the release of minimally viable policy mock‐ups. Familiar critiques of law and development work, and arguments for its reform, have limited purchase on these practices, Scott's included. Effective critical intervention in this field today requires careful attention to be paid to these emergent patterns of practice.
Development of reduced‐fat coconut yoghurt: physicochemical, rheological, microstructural and sensory properties
Authors: Chetachukwu Adegoke Samuel , Thongraung Chakree , Yupanqui Chutha Takahashi
Published: June 2019

A reduced‐fat coconut yoghurt (RFY) was developed. The proximate composition of whole‐fat coconut yoghurt (WFY) was significantly different from that of RFY. The storage modulus G′, water‐holding capacity (WHC), yield stress (τo) and consistency coefficient (k) of RFY were higher than those of WFY. The RFY exhibited lower lipid oxidation as the storage period increased. The RFY showed better viability of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus. Furthermore, the micrographs of WFY showed larger pores than those of RFY. The sensory panellist preferred RFY (6.78 ± 1.38) to WFY (5.38 ± 1.68). Hence, RFY can be considered as a natural food alternative for vegans.
A traditional cheese from Greece to Turkey: Armola
Authors: Yoldaş Melisa , Kınık Özer , Akan Ecem , Yerlikaya Oktay
Published: June 2019

In the present study, red capia pepper, broccoli, pumpkin, carrot purees and a probiotic culture containing Lactobacillus acidophilus were added to the conventionally produced Armola cheese to improve the functional properties of the cheese. The analyses showed that there were significant differences between the physicochemical and functional properties of the cheese samples. The samples containing broccoli had the highest antioxidant activity. Except for the control sample, L. acidophilus counts in Armola cheese samples were found to be 106 log cfu/g on day 30 and the samples were found to maintain their probiotic properties until the end of the storage period.
Hypolipidaemic effects of synbiotic yoghurt in rabbits
Authors: Sarfraz Farkhandah , Farooq Umar , Shafi Afshan , Hayat Zafar , Akram Kashif , Rehman Hafeez‐Ur
Published: June 2019

The hypolipidaemic effects of synbiotic yoghurt prepared using Lactobacillus acidophilus, fructooligosaccharide (FOS) and isomaltooligosaccharide (IMOS) were assessed through biological study. Hyperlipidaemia‐induced rabbits were fed on a diet containing different levels of synbiotic yoghurt, and the blood of the animals was analysed for lipid profile on a weekly basis. There were significant reductions in total cholesterol (124.00 ± 7.10 mg/dL), triglycerides (155.00 ± 8.88 mg/dL), low‐density lipoprotein levels (13.27 ± 0.76 mg/dL) and very low‐density lipoprotein levels (57.04 ± 3.27 mg/dL), whereas high‐density lipoprotein levels (53.70 ± 0.35 mg/dL) were increased. On the basis of these results, it was concluded that the synbiotic yoghurt possessed a significant hypolipidaemic potential.
Development of impulsivity and risk‐seeking: Implications for the dimensionality and stability of self‐control*
Authors: Forrest Walter , Hay Carter , Widdowson Alex O. , Rocque Michael
Published: June 2019

In Gottfredson and Hirschi's self‐control theory, introduced in 1990, they contend that self‐control is a unidimensional construct that develops early in childhood and remains stable throughout the life span. According to findings reported in recent research, however, these arguments are now being challenged, with scholars pointing to ways in which self‐control may be multidimensional in nature and may change beyond the period of alleged stabilization. In this study, we draw on Steinberg's dual systems model, introduced in 2008, to consider this issue further. We examine that model's two key elements of low self‐control—risk‐seeking and impulsivity—to determine whether they are empirically distinguishable from one another and have differing developmental trajectories from childhood to early adulthood. We also consider the consequences of changes in risk‐seeking and impulsivity for within‐individual changes in crime. We examine these issues with data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79) for individuals from 10 to 30 years old. The results of our analyses show support for a multidimensional and dynamic conception of self‐control—from age 10 to age 30, risk‐seeking and impulsivity are empirically distinct and develop in divergent ways that are consistent with the dual systems model. Changes in risk‐seeking and impulsivity also affect changes in crime, but their effects vary with age and changes in the other element. We discuss these findings and their implications for self‐control and the development of life‐course criminology.
Latanoprost treatment differentially affects intraocular pressure readings obtained with three different tonometers
Authors: Sánchez‐Barahona Cristina , Bolívar Gema , Katsanos Andreas , Teus Miguel A.
Published: June 2019

Purpose

To evaluate the apparent intraocular pressure (IOP) change observed after treatment with latanoprost in naive eyes of patients with primary open‐angle glaucoma (POAG) or ocular hypertension (OHT) using Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT), ocular response analyzer (ORA) and Corvis ST tonometry.

Methods

Prospective observational cohort study. One eye from each of 59 newly diagnosed patients with POAG or OHT in our institution was analysed. IOP readings obtained using GAT, ORA and Corvis at baseline and after a 3‐month period of treatment with latanoprost were compared. Additionally, pre‐ and post‐treatment biomechanical corneal parameters provided by the Corvis tonometer were analysed.

Results

There was no statistically significant difference between the apparent treatment‐induced IOP reductions when GAT and ORA were compared (p > 0.05). In contrast, the treatment‐induced IOP reduction recorded using the Corvis tonometer was significantly smaller compared to the apparent IOP reduction observed with GAT and ORA (p = 0.0001 for both comparisons). With respect to biomechanical corneal properties, statistically significant changes were found after 3 months of treatment with latanoprost for the first corneal applanation time (AT1) (p = 0.001), second corneal applanation time (AT2) (p = 0.001) and deformation amplitude (DA) (p = 0.0003).

Conclusion

Following a 3‐month course of latanoprost, the apparent treatment‐induced IOP reduction in previously naïve patients with POAG or OHT differed depending on the tonometer used. Certain corneal biomechanical parameters assessed using Corvis ST exhibited a significant change. The ocular hypotensive effect of prostaglandin analogues may be overestimated when chronically treated patients are measured using GAT or ORA.
A Comparison of the Effects of 45‐minute Aerobic Training and Cognitive Task Solving on Transient Mood States in a Female Student Sample
Authors: Stolarska Barbara , Stolarski Maciej , Matthews Gerald
Published: June 2019

Background

The beneficial effects of moderate‐intensity physical exercise on mood are well established. Students in higher education are a group vulnerable to stress who may benefit from aerobic exercise classes. The present study broadens existing findings by testing the impact on mood of a 45‐minute‐long aerobic training session, conducted in a naturalistic setting.

Method

A three‐dimensional mood assessment that distinguished hedonic tone (pleasantness of mood) from energetic and tense arousal dimensions was used for assessment of pre‐ and post‐training mood in a sample of women (n = 120) taking part in a 45‐minute aerobic training. A control group (n = 120) performed cognitive tasks.

Results

Physical but not cognitive activity elevated mood on all three dimensions, but the effect size was largest for energetic arousal. It was also found that mood improvements in terms of energy and tension change were strongest for individuals initially low in hedonic tone.

Conclusions

The finding supports the hypothesis that successful completion of an exercise session in a naturalistic setting may enhance mood in female students. At a practical level, the study suggests that exercise classes may help students cope with the mood impairments resulting from demanding cognitive activities, leading to potential educational benefits.
Letter: limitations of defecography among patients with refractory constipation
Authors: Basilisco Guido , Corsetti Maura
Published: June 2019

Linked Content

This article is linked to Grossi et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15039 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15309.
Letter: post‐infective bile acid malabsorption and diarrhoea. Authors' reply
Authors: Jørgensen Simon Mark Dahl , Krogh Klaus , Damsgaard Brian , Arveschough Anne Kirstine , Agnholt Jørgen , Dahlerup Jens Frederik , Jørgensen Søren Peter
Published: June 2019

Linked Content

This article is linked to Damsgaard et al and Menon and Jones et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14533 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15260.