bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial dysfunction and epithelial to mesenchymal transition in head neck cancer cell lines
Authors: Greier Maria Carmo , Runge Annette , Dudas Jozsef , Pider Viktoria , Skvortsova Ira-Ida , Savic Dragana , Riechelmann Herbert
Published: August 2022

Mitochondrial dysfunction promotes cancer aggressiveness, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. Similar traits are associated with epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). We questioned whether mitochondrial dysfunction induces EMT in head and neck cancer (HNC) cell lines. We induced mitochondrial dysfunction in four HNC cell lines with carbonyl cyanide-4(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone (FCCP), a mitochondrial electron transport chain uncoupling agent, and oligomycin, a mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibitor. Extracellular flux analyses and expression of the cystine/glutamate antiporter system xc (xCT) served to confirm mitochondrial dysfunction. Expression of the EMT-related transcription factor SNAI2, the mesenchymal marker vimentin and vimentin/cytokeratin double positivity served to detect EMT. In addition, holotomographic microscopy was used to search for morphological features of EMT. Extracellular flux analysis and xCT expression confirmed that FCCP/oligomycin induced mitochondrial dysfunction in all cell lines. Across the four cell lines, mitochondrial dysfunction resulted in an increase in relative SNAI2 expression from 8.5 ± 0.8 to 12.0 ± 1.1 (mean ± SEM; p = 0.007). This effect was predominantly caused by the CAL 27 cell line (increase from 2.2 ± 0.4 to 5.5 ± 1.0; p < 0.001). Similarly, only in CAL 27 cells vimentin expression increased from 2.2 ± 0.5 × 10–3to 33.2 ± 10.2 × 10–3(p = 0.002) and vimentin/cytokeratin double positive cells increased from 34.7 ± 5.1 to 67.5 ± 9.8% (p = 0.003), while the other 3 cell lines did not respond with EMT (all p > 0.1). Across all cell lines, FCCP/oligomycin had no effect on EMT characteristics in holotomographic microscopy. Mitochondrial dysfunction induced EMT in 1 of 4 HNC cell lines. Given the heterogeneity of HNC, mitochondrial dysfunction may be sporadically induced by EMT, but EMT does not explain the tumor promoting effects of mitochondrial dysfunction in general.
Prediction of anatomically and biomechanically feasible precision grip posture of the human hand based on minimization of muscle effort
Authors: Nakajima Takayuki , Asami Yuki , Endo Yui , Tada Mitsunori , Ogihara Naomichi
Published: August 2022

We developed a method to estimate a biomechanically feasible precision grip posture of the human hand for a given object based on a minimization of the muscle effort. The hand musculoskeletal model was constructed as a chain of 21 rigid links with 37 intrinsic and extrinsic muscles. To grasp an object, the static force and moment equilibrium condition of the object, force balance between the muscle and fingertip forces, and static frictional conditions must be satisfied. We calculated the hand posture, fingertip forces, and muscle activation signals for a given object to minimize the square sum of the muscle activations while satisfying the above kinetic constraints using an evolutionary optimization technique. To evaluate the estimated hand posture and fingertip forces, a wireless fingertip force-sensing device with two six-axis load cells was developed. When grasping the object, the fingertip forces and hand posture were experimentally measured to compare with the corresponding estimated values. The estimated hand postures and fingertip forces were in reasonable agreement to the corresponding measured data, indicating that the proposed hand posture estimation method based on the minimization of muscle effort is effective for the virtual ergonomic assessment of a handheld product.
PILRA polymorphism modifies the effect of APOE4 and GM17 on Alzheimer’s disease risk
Authors: Lopatko Lindman Karin , Jonsson Caroline , Weidung Bodil , Olsson Jan , Pandey Janardan P. , Prokopenko Dmitry , Tanzi Rudolph E. , Hallmans Göran , Eriksson Sture , Elgh Fredrik , Lövheim Hugo
Published: August 2022

PILRA (rs1859788 A > G) has been suggested to be a protective variant for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and is an entry co-receptor for herpes simplex virus-1. We conducted a nested case–control study of 360 1:1-matched AD subjects. Interactions between the PILRA-A allele, APOE risk variants (ε3/ε4 or ε4/ε4) and GM17 for AD risk were modelled. The associations were cross-validated using two independent whole-genome sequencing datasets. We found negative interactions between PILRA-A and GM17 (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.52–1.00) and between PILRA-A and APOE risk variants (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.32–0.98) in the discovery dataset. In the replication cohort, a joint effect of PILRA and PILRA × GM 17/17 was observed for the risk of developing AD (p .02). Here, we report a negative effect modification by PILRA on APOE and GM17 high-risk variants for future AD risk in two independent datasets. This highlights the complex genetics of AD.
miRNA expression patterns in blood leukocytes and milk somatic cells of goats infected with small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV)
Authors: Urbańska Daria M. , Jarczak Justyna , Czopowicz Michał , Kaba Jarosław , Horbańczuk Karina , Bagnicka Emilia
Published: August 2022

The study aims to determine the selected miRNAs expression in milk somatic cells (MSC) and blood leukocytes (BL) of SRLV-seronegative (SRLV-SN) and SRLV-seropositive (SRLV-SP) goats. A functional in silico analysis of their target genes was also conducted. MiR-93-5p and miR-30e-5p were expressed only in BL, while miR-144 was expressed only in MSC, regardless of SRLV infection. In the SRLV-SP goats, higher miR-214-3p and miR-221-5p levels were found in the MSC than in the BL. Only miR-30e-5p was influenced by the lactation stage in BL in both groups, while only miR-93-5p was altered in BL of SRLV-SN goats. The target gene protein products exhibited contradictory functions, protecting the host from virus on the one hand and assisting viruses in their life cycle on the other. The differential expression of the miRNAs observed between the MSC and BL of SRLV-SP goats may suggest that the local immune response to the infection in the udder differs from the systemic response, and acts independently. Some miRNAs demonstrated different expression between lactation stages. It may be influenced by the metabolic burden occurring in early lactation and its peak. Some of the studied miRNAs may influence viral infection by regulating the expression of their target genes.
Experimental research and analysis on the resistance characteristics of simulated ore bin in water
Authors: Xiao Linjing , Liu Qiang , Huang Weimin
Published: August 2022

In order to research the variation law of the longitudinal resistance coefficient of the ore bin in the marine mining system under different length–diameter ratio, external shape, additional weight and Reynolds number, a set of experimental system for testing the resistance coefficient was designed and built independently. By analyzing the experimental results, it can be seen that under the same conditions, the resistance coefficient decreases gradually with the increase of Reynolds number and finally fluctuates around a certain value. Increasing the excitation displacement will reduce the overall resistance coefficient of the ore bin. The smaller the length-diameter ratio is, the larger the corresponding force value when the vibration acceleration of the ore bin is 0, and the larger the overall resistance coefficient is. The resistance coefficient of the cylindrical section is greater than that of the rectangular shape. In order to reduce the longitudinal vibration and the transverse towing offset, the shape of the ore bin should be cylindrical in actual design and production. At low Reynolds number, the increase of added weight will increase the resistance coefficient, while at high Reynolds number, the change of added weight will not cause the change of resistance coefficient.
PCL insufficient patients with increased translational and rotational passive knee joint laxity have no increased range of anterior–posterior and rotational tibiofemoral motion during level walking
Authors: Oehme Stephan , Moewis Philippe , Boeth Heide , Bartek Benjamin , Lippert Annika , von Tycowicz Christoph , Ehrig Rainald , Duda Georg N. , Jung Tobias
Published: August 2022

Passive translational tibiofemoral laxity has been extensively examined in posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) insufficient patients and belongs to the standard clinical assessment. However, objective measurements of passive rotational knee laxity, as well as range of tibiofemoral motion during active movements, are both not well understood. None of these are currently quantified in clinical evaluations of patients with PCL insufficiency. The objective of this study was to quantify passive translational and rotational knee laxity as well as range of anterior–posterior and rotational tibiofemoral motion during level walking in a PCL insufficient patient cohort as a basis for any later clinical evaluation and therapy. The laxity of 9 patient knees with isolated PCL insufficiency or additionally posterolateral corner (PLC) insufficiency (8 males, 1 female, age 36.78 ± 7.46 years) were analysed and compared to the contralateral (CL) knees. A rotometer device with a C-arm fluoroscope was used to assess the passive tibiofemoral rotational laxity while stress radiography was used to evaluate passive translational tibiofemoral laxity. Functional gait analysis was used to examine the range of anterior–posterior and rotational tibiofemoral motion during level walking. Passive translational laxity was significantly increased in PCL insufficient knees in comparison to the CL sides (15.5 ± 5.9 mm vs. 3.7 ± 1.9 mm, p < 0.01). Also, passive rotational laxity was significantly higher compared to the CL knees (26.1 ± 8.2° vs. 20.6 ± 5.6° at 90° knee flexion, p < 0.01; 19.0 ± 6.9° vs. 15.5 ± 5.9° at 60° knee flexion, p = 0.04). No significant differences were observed for the rotational (16.3 ± 3.7° vs. 15.2 ± 3.6°, p = 0.43) and translational (17.0 ± 5.4 mm vs. 16.1 ± 2.8 mm, p = 0.55) range of anterior–posterior and rotational tibiofemoral motion during level walking conditions for PCL insufficient knees compared to CL knees respectively. The present study illustrates that patients with PCL insufficiency show a substantial increased passive tibiofemoral laxity, not only in tibiofemoral translation but also in tibiofemoral rotation. Our data indicate that this increased passive multiplanar knee joint laxity can be widely compensated during level walking. Further studies should investigate progressive changes in knee joint laxity and kinematics post PCL injury and reconstruction to judge the individual need for therapy and effects of physiotherapy such as quadriceps force training on gait patterns in PCL insufficient patients.
Simultaneous assessment of lung morphology and respiratory motion in retrospectively gated in-vivo microCT of free breathing anesthetized mice
Authors: Dullin Christian , Svetlove Angelika , Zschüntzsch Jana , Alves Frauke
Published: August 2022

Retrospective gating (RG) is a well established technique in preclinical computed tomography (CT) to assess 3D morphology of the lung. In RG additional angular projections are recorded typically by performing multiple rotations. Consequently, the projections are sorted according to the expansion state of the chest and those sets are then reconstructed separately. Thus, the breathing motion artefacts are suppressed at a cost of strongly elevated X-ray dose levels. Here we propose to use the entire raw data to assess respiratory motion in addition to retrospectively gated 3D reconstruction that visualize anatomical structures of the lung. Using this RG based X-ray respiratory motion measurement approach, which will be referred to as RG based X-ray lung function measurement (rgXLF) on the example of the mdx mouse model of Duchenne muscle dystrophy (mdx) we accurately obtained both the 3D anatomical morphology of the lung and the thoracic bones as well as functional temporal parameters of the lung. Thus, rgXLF will remove the necessity for separate acquisition procedures by being able to reproduce comparable results to the previously established planar X-ray based lung function measurement approach in a single low dose CT scan.
Synergistic use of gradient flipping and phase prediction for inline electron holography
Authors: Ozsoy-Keskinbora Cigdem , Van den Broek Wouter , Boothroyd Chris B. , Dunin-Borkowski Rafal E. , van Aken Peter A. , Koch Christoph T.
Published: August 2022

Inline holography in the transmission electron microscope is a versatile technique which provides real-space phase information that can be used for the correction of imaging aberrations, as well as for measuring electric and magnetic fields and strain distributions. It is able to recover high-spatial-frequency contributions of the phase effectively but suffers from the weak transfer of low-spatial-frequency information, as well as from incoherent scattering. Here, we combine gradient flipping and phase prediction in an iterative flux-preserving focal series reconstruction algorithm with incoherent background subtraction that gives extensive access to the missing low spatial frequencies. A procedure for optimizing the reconstruction parameters is presented, and results from Fe-filled C nanospheres, and MgO cubes are compared with phase images obtained using off-axis holography.
The lithological characteristics of natural gas hydrates in permafrost on the Qinghai of China
Authors: Lei Da , Fu Changmin , Zhen Qihui , Wang Zhongxing , Wang Ruo
Published: August 2022

The environment is seriously threatened by the methane emitted as permafrost melts. Studying deposits of natural gas hydrates that include methane is therefore important. This study presents a novel approach based on the rock Archie formula to discover the porosity and saturation of gas hydrates. The relationship between resistivity and porosity and the porosity of hydrates was studied, and the results showed that the resistivity of hydrate reservoirs was closely related to porosity and hydrate saturation, and the polarization rate was only related to the concentration of natural gas hydrates and had nothing to do with porosity. Using the multi-channel time domain induced polarization (MTIP) method, the profile with five boreholes in the Muli area of the permafrost area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was observed, and the thickness of the shallow permafrost distribution and the underground structure were inferred based on the resistivity of the MTIP data. The polarization rate and hydrate saturation of the inversion assessed the presence of hydrates in the Muli region. The results show that the MTIP method can be used to detect the thickness of permafrost distribution, determine fault boundaries, reveal the distribution of natural gas transport paths, and evaluate the presence of natural gas hydrates.
Further slowing down of hydrolysis of amylose heated with black soybean extract by treating with nitrite under gastric conditions
Authors: Takahama Umeo , Hirota Sachiko
Published: August 2022

Black soybean (BSB), which contains cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) and procyanidins, is cooked with rice in Japan. The color of the cooked rice is purplish red due to the binding of C3G and reddish oxidation products of procyanidins. These components can slowdown pancreatin-induced hydrolysis of amylose more significantly than the hydrolysis of amylopectin, and can react with nitrous acid in the stomach. This manuscript deals with the effects of nitrous acid on pancreatin-induced hydrolysis of amylose heated with BSB extract. The hydrolysis of amylose heated with BSB extract was slow, and the slowdown was due to the binding of C3G/its degradation products and degradation products of procyanidins. The amylose hydrolysis was slowed down further by treating with nitrite under gastric conditions. The further slowdown was discussed to be due to the binding of the products, which were formed by the reaction of procyanidins with nitrous acid, to amylose. In the products, dinitroprocyanidins were included. In this way, the digestibility of amylose heated with BSB extract can be slowed down further by reacting with nitrous acid in the stomach.
Development of smart cold forging die life cycle management system based on real-time forging load monitoring
Authors: Seo Young Ho
Published: August 2022

Cold forging dies are manufactured through the shrink fit process to withstand high pressure loads, but fatigue failure eventually occurs due to repeated compressive stresses. The life cycle until fatigue failure was defined as the limit life, and attempts were made to predict the die life based on finite element method. However, accurate prediction was impossible owing to uncontrollable environmental variables. Consequently, it is impossible to clearly determine the die replacement cycle, resulting in negative consequences such as poor quality, production delay, and cost increase. Various environmental factors affecting the prediction of die life cycle result in the increase or decrease of the forming load, which is an important variable that determines the die life cycle. In this study, a system for monitoring load data generated from forging facilities was developed based on a piezo sensor. In addition, the die life cycle was more accurately predicted by using the forming load data measured in real time, and a die life management system that can determine the die replacement cycle was applied to the automobile steering parts production line.
Inequality of public facilities between urban and rural areas and its driving factors in ten cities of China
Authors: Xu Ronghua , Yue Wenze , Wei Feiyang , Yang Guofu , Chen Yi , Pan Kaixuan
Published: August 2022

Urban development continues to face the dilemma of spatial inequality of public facilities, particularly educational and medical facilities. Identifying inequalities in various types of public facilities and their driving mechanisms is crucial in reducing social inequality. However, information on this topic is limited. This study took 10 typical cities in China as cases. We used the methods of the Gini coefficient and hedonic price model as bases in evaluating the equality of nine types of education and medical facilities, focusing on the differences between urban and rural areas. Moreover, we further analyzed the driving factors of facility equality. Results showed that equality of public facilities in urban areas was significantly higher than that in rural areas. Primary schools, middle schools, and health service centers were relatively equal, and kindergartens and pharmacies were unequal only in rural areas. However, the equality of facilities with large-size or commercial attributes was not optimistic. Furthermore, there remained a significant gap among counties (or districts), which was mainly driven by population, economy, and building density in the form of logarithm and logarithmic linear models. Our research contributes to an in-depth understanding of the inequality of public facilities and further supports decision-making to improve social equality.
Comparison of multi-class and fusion of multiple single-class SegNet model for mapping karst wetland vegetation using UAV images
Authors: Deng Tengfang , Fu Bolin , Liu Man , He Hongchang , Fan Donglin , Li Lilong , Huang Liangke , Gao Ertao
Published: August 2022

Wetland vegetation classification using deep learning algorithm and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images have attracted increased attentions. However, there exist several challenges in mapping karst wetland vegetation due to its fragmentation, intersection, and high heterogeneity of vegetation patches. This study proposed a novel approach to classify karst vegetation in Huixian National Wetland Park, the largest karst wetland in China by fusing single-class SegNet classification using the maximum probability algorithm. A new optimized post-classification algorithm was developed to eliminate the stitching traces caused by SegNet model prediction. This paper evaluated the effect of multi-class and fusion of multiple single-class SegNet models with different EPOCH values on mapping karst vegetation using UAV images. Finally, this paper carried out a comparison of classification accuracies between object-based Random Forest (RF) and fusion of single-class SegNet models. The specific conclusions of this paper include the followings: (1) fusion of four single-class SegNet models produced better classification for karst wetland vegetation than multi-class SegNet model, and achieved the highest overall accuracy of 87.34%; (2) the optimized post-classification algorithm improved classification accuracy of SegNet model by eliminating splicing traces; (3) classification performance of single-class SegNet model outperformed multi-class SegNet model, and improved classification accuracy (F1-Score) ranging from 10 to 25%; (4) Fusion of single-class SegNet models and object-based RF classifier both produced good classifications for karst wetland vegetation, and achieved over 87% overall accuracy.
Feasibility study of ultrasound-guided percutaneous laser discectomy for cervical radicular pain
Authors: Hu Rong , Zhu Xiaolei , Zhou Yi , Zhang Jianping , Huang Dong , Zhou Haocheng
Published: August 2022

Percutaneous laser discectomy is one common and effective treatment for cervical radicular pain. Currently, the surgery is performed with blind cannulation technique, mainly relies on the experience of surgeon. However, it still remains unsafe and difficult to reach the target. As an alternative, ultrasound-guided cannulation provides visualization of important structures, thus increasing the precision and safety. The primary goal of this study is to report the detail of the ultrasound-guided technique in the percutaneous laser cervical discectomy. The secondary purpose is to evaluate the feasibility of the novel therapy. This is a single center, feasibility study conducted in one teaching hospital. Thirteen intervertebral discs in 9 patients presented with cervical radicular pain. Accuracy of the cannulation with ultrasonic guidance was confirmed by the anterior–posterior and lateral view of fluoroscopy. We compared the pain severity pre- and post-treatment with Visual Analogue Score (VAS), and functional improvement was assessed with the modified Macnab Criteria and Neck Disability Index (NDI) respectively. Ultrasonic short-axis was used to scan the cervical nerve root, and its transition was used to identify the distinct intervertebral space. Following the recognition of targeted cervical level, the ultrasound probe was moved medially for the visualization of the surface of the cervical vertebrae. In plane cannulation was then applied to avoid the injury of the vessels. The location of cannula was confirmed by the fluoroscopic imaging. Low-power laser was set for the cervical disc ablation in this cohort. The majority of the surgical sites maintained in the C5/6 level (38%), and 31% for the C6/7 level respectively. Despite the distinct cervical level, the tip of needle was properly placed near by the targeted intervertebral disc in all participants, which was confirmed by the imaging of fluoroscopy. We did not observe any obvious complications during the procedure. The mean VAS decreased from 7.6 ± 1.1 to 2.3 ± 2.7 one month after discharge, and 2.1 ± 2.6 at the last follow-up (median duration of nine months). All patients reported significant improvement of NDI up to last follow-up (p = 0.011). Meanwhile, the good to excellent rate was reported in 8 of 9 patients (89%) according to the modified Macnab Criteria. The finding of this feasibility assessment indicates the ultrasound-based cannulation technique is capable of guiding the cannulation for the percutaneous laser discectomy. It may facilitate identifying the corresponding site of cervical intervertebral disc and prevent the damage of vessel.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Optimization of dyes and toxic metals removal from environmental water samples by clinoptilolite zeolite using response surface methodology approach
Authors: Sun Xinpo , Abbass Reathab , Ghoroqi Milad , Patra Indrajit , Dwijendra Ngakan Ketut Acwin , Uktamov Khusniddin Fakhriddinovich , Jasem Hadeer
Published: August 2022

The present study aimed to remove crystal violet (CV), malachite green (MG), Cd(II), and Pb(II) from an aqueous solution using clinoptilolite zeolite (CZ) as an adsorbent. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) was used to analyze and optimize the process parameters, such as pH, analyte concentration, adsorbent amount, and sonication time. Quadratic models with the coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.99 (p < 0.0001) were compared statistically. The results revealed that the selected models have good precision and a good agreement between the predicted and experimental data. The maximum removal of contaminants was achieved under optimum conditions of pH = 6, sonication time of 22 min, the adsorbent amount of 0.19 g, and analyte concentration of 10 mg L−1. The reusability test of the adsorbent showed that the CZ adsorbent could be used 5 times in water and wastewater treatment processes. According to the results of interference studies, the presence of different ions, even at high concentrations, does not interfere with the removal of contaminants. Applying the CZ adsorbent on environmental water samples revealed that CZ adsorbent could remove CV, MG, Cd(II), and Pb(II) in the range of 84.54% to 99.38% and contaminants present in industrial effluents. As a result, the optimized method in this study can be widely used with high efficiency for removing CV, MG, Cd(II), and Pb(II) from water and wastewater samples.
Identification of the immune subtype of ovarian cancer patients by integrated analyses of transcriptome and single-cell sequencing data
Authors: Wang Sixue , Wang Xi , Xia Xiaomeng , Zhang Tingting , Yi Mingyu , Li Zeying , Jiang Li , Yang Yalan , Fu Jie , Fang Xiaoling
Published: August 2022

Ovarian cancer (OC) is one the most life-threatening cancers affecting women’s health worldwide. Immunotherapy has become a promising treatment for a variety of cancers, but the therapeutic effects in OC remain limited. In this study, we constructed a macrophage risk score (MRS) based on M1 and M2 macrophages and a gene risk score (GRS) based on the prognostic genes associated with MRS. Next, cell–cell communication analysis was performed using single-cell RNA (scRNA) sequencing data. Survival status and immune characteristics were compared between the high- and low-score groups separated by MRS or GRS. Our results suggested that MRS and GRS can identify the immune subtypes of OC patients with better overall survival (OS) and inflammatory immune microenvironment. Moreover, M1 and M2 macrophages may affect the prognosis of OC patients through signal communication with CD8 T cells. Finally, functional differences between the two groups separated by GRS were elucidated. Taken together, this study constructed two useful models for the identification of immune subtypes in OC, which has a better prognosis and may have a sensitive response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The hub genes for the construction of GRS may be potential synergetic targets for immunotherapy in OC patients.
Geometric morphometrics versus DNA barcoding for the identification of malaria vectors Anopheles dirus and An. baimaii in the Thai-Cambodia border
Authors: Chaiphongpachara Tanawat , Changbunjong Tanasak , Sumruayphol Suchada , Laojun Sedthapong , Suwandittakul Nantana , Kuntawong Kewarin
Published: August 2022

Anopheles (Cellia) dirus Peyton & Harrison and Anopheles baimaii Sallum & Peyton are sibling species within the Dirus complex belonging to the Leucosphyrus group, and have been incriminated as primary vectors of malaria in Thailand. In the present study, DNA barcoding and geometric morphometrics were used to distinguish between An. dirus and An. baimaii in the international border areas, Trat Province, eastern Thailand. Our results revealed that DNA barcoding based on the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene could not be used to distinguish An. dirus from An. baimaii. The overlapping values between intra- and interspecific genetic divergence indicated no barcoding gap present for An. dirus and An. baimaii (ranging from 0 to 0.99%). However, the results of the geometric morphometric analysis based on the wing shape clearly distinguished An. dirus and An. baimaii, with 92.42% of specimens assigned to the correct species. We concluded that geometric morphometrics is an effective tool for the correct species identification of these two malaria vectors. Our findings could be used to make entomological surveillance information more accurate, leading to further effective mosquito control planning in Thailand and other countries in Southeast Asia.
Imeglimin exerts favorable effects on pancreatic β-cells by improving morphology in mitochondria and increasing the number of insulin granules
Authors: Sanada Junpei , Obata Atsushi , Fushimi Yoshiro , Kimura Tomohiko , Shimoda Masashi , Ikeda Tomoko , Nogami Yuka , Obata Yoshiyuki , Yamasaki Yuki , Nakanishi Shuhei , Mune Tomoatsu , Kaku Kohei , Kaneto Hideaki
Published: August 2022

Imeglimin is a new anti-diabetic drug commercialized in Japan (Twymeeg®) and has been drawing much attention in diabetes research area as well as in clinical practice. In this study, we evaluated the effect of imeglimin on pancreatic β-cells. First, single-dose administration of imeglimin enhanced insulin secretion from β-cells and decreased blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetic db/db mice. In addition, single-dose administration of imeglimin significantly augmented insulin secretion in response to glucose from islets isolated from non-diabetic db/m mice. Second, during an oral glucose tolerance test 4-week chronic treatment with imeglimin enhanced insulin secretion and ameliorated glycemic control in diabetic db/db mice. Furthermore, the examination with electron microscope image showed that imeglimin exerted favorable effects on morphology in β-cell mitochondria and substantially increased the number of insulin granules in type 2 diabetic db/db and KK-Ay mice. Finally, imeglimin reduced the percentage of apoptotic β-cell death which was accompanied by reduced expression levels of various genes related to apoptosis and inflammation in β-cells. Taken together, imeglimin directly enhances insulin secretion in response to glucose from β-cells, increases the number of insulin granules, exerts favorable effects on morphology in β-cell mitochondria, and reduces apoptotic β-cell death in type 2 diabetic mice, which finally leads to amelioration of glycemic control.
Improved circuit implementation of the HHL algorithm and its simulations on QISKIT
Authors: Zhang Meng , Dong Lihua , Zeng Yong , Cao Ning
Published: August 2022

In 2019, Yonghae Lee et al. combined the circuit implementation of the Harrow–Hassidim–Lloyd (HHL) algorithm with a classical computer, and designed a hybrid HHL algorithm to reduce experimental errors caused by decoherence and so on. However, the improvement is achieved only in the auxiliary quantum coding phase, and no quantum resource reduction is done on the quantum phase estimation and inverse quantum phase estimation stages. At the same time, the circuit improvement illustration on a $$2\times 2$$

2
×
2

linear system just has the result and no specific process. In this paper, based on the idea of the hybrid HHL algorithm and a generic circuit of HHL algorithm, an improved circuit implementation of the HHL algorithm is proposed. The feasibility of the improved circuit implementation of the HHL algorithm is verified by IBM's qiskit. The improved circuit illustrations on a $$4\times 4$$

4
×
4

linear system show that the improved circuit implementation of the HHL algorithm can effectively reduce quantum resources without losing the fidelity of the results. Thus the improved circuit implementation of the HHL algorithm can further avoid some result errors than the existing implementation methods.
Design and analysis of multi-layer silicon nanoparticle solar cells
Authors: Mirnaziry Sayyed Reza , Shameli Mohammad Ali , Yousefi Leila
Published: August 2022

We investigate the concept of nanoparticle-based solar cells composed of a silicon nanoparticle stack as a light trapping absorber for ultrathin photovoltaics. We study the potential of using these inherently nanotextured structures in enhancing the light absorption. For this, a detailed optical analysis is performed on dependency of the cell response to parameters such as the number of particle layers, lattice structure and angle of incidence; Optical response of these cells are then compared with the results in conventional silicon solar cells. Moreover, we propose various configurations to apply these submicron particles as a p–n junction solar cell. We also compute the electrical performance of selected configurations. In doing so, key issues including the effect of contact points between nanoparticles and impact of loss are addressed. In the end, we show how $$\mathrm{SiO}_2$$

SiO
2

nanoparticles on top of the cell structure can enhance the photocurrent. The appropriate range of $$\mathrm{SiO}_2$$

SiO
2

particle size is also obtained for the typical cell structures.
Adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system modeling of Synsepalum dulcificum L. drying characteristics and sensitivity analysis of the drying factors
Authors: Adeyi Oladayo , Adeyi Abiola John , Oke Emmanuel Olusola , Ajayi Oluwaseun Kayode , Oyelami Seun , Otolorin John Adebayo , Areghan Sylvester E. , Isola Bose Folashade
Published: August 2022

The requirement for easily adoptable technology for fruit preservation in developing countries is paramount. This study investigated the effect of pre-treatment (warm water blanching time—3, 5 and 10 min at 60 °C) and drying temperature (50, 60 and 70 °C) on drying mechanisms of convectively dried Synsepalum dulcificum (miracle berry fruit—MBF) fruit. Refined Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) was utilized to model the effect and establish the sensitivity of drying factors on the moisture ratio variability of MBF. Unblanched MBF had the longest drying time, lowest effective moisture diffusivity (EMD), highest total and specific energy consumption of 530 min, 5.1052 E−09 m2/s, 22.73 kWh and 113.64 kWh/kg, respectively at 50 °C drying time, with lowest activation energy of 28.8589 kJ/mol. The 3 min blanched MBF had the lowest drying time, highest EMD, lowest total and specific energy consumption of 130 min, 2.5607 E−08 m2/s, 7.47 kWh and 37 kWh/kg, respectively at 70 °C drying temperature. The 5 min blanched MBF had the highest activation energy of 37.4808 kJ/mol. Amongst others, 3—gbellmf—38 epoch ANFIS structure had the highest modeling and prediction efficiency (R2 = 0.9931). The moisture ratio variability was most sensitive to drying time at individual factor level, and drying time cum pretreatment at interactive factors level. In conclusion, pretreatment significantly reduced the drying time and energy consumption of MBF. Refined ANFIS structure modeled and predicted the drying process efficiently, and drying time contributed most significantly to the moisture ratio variability of MBF.
Ultrafast fiber laser at 1570 nm based on organic material as saturable absorber
Authors: Al-Hiti Ahmed Shakir , Tiu Zian Cheak , Yasin M. , Harun S. W.
Published: August 2022

In this work, we demonstrated Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) as a saturable absorber (SA) to produce mode-locking operation in different length of Erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL). The PEDOT: PSS was embedded into polyvinyl alcohol to form a thin film that acts as an absorber into the laser setup. The three different mode-locked EDFL were successfully demonstrated with different cavity length and output coupler ratio. The pulse repetition rate/width of 3.417 MHz/710 fs, 4.831 MHz/510 fs, and 6.049 MHz/460 fs were obtained by utilizing optical coupler/ cavity length of 20:80/60.7 m, 10:90/42.7 m, and 5:95/33.7 m, respectively. All experiments generated a stable and mode-locked operation at a central wavelength of 1570.76 nm, 1570.3 nm, and 1569.95 nm with 3 dB bandwidth of 4.8 nm, 5.6 nm, and 6.5 nm, respectively. The long-time stability of the ultrafast fiber lasers was investigated for each setup via 120 min. The proposed PEDOT: PSS has proven as a promising material to induce mode-locking operation in different fiber laser setup.
Mitochondria-targeting nano therapy altering IDH2-mediated EZH2/EZH1 interaction as precise epigenetic regulation in glioblastoma
Authors: Kaundal Babita , Karmakar Surajit , Roy Choudhury Subhasree
Published: August 2022

Schematic represents a multimodal application of AuNPs@Hyp-based glioblastoma therapy mutually altering the epigenetic machinery with mitochondrial metabolic function.
Imaging of antitubercular dimeric boronic acids at the mycobacterial cell surface by click-probe capture
Authors: Guy Collette S. , Tomás Ruben M. F. , Tang Qiao , Gibson Matthew I. , Fullam Elizabeth
Published: August 2022

Antitubercular ‘clickable’ diboronic acid agents are directly incorporated into the mycobacterial cell envelope through glycan-targeting.
Large Stokes shift benzothiazolium cyanine dyes with improved intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) for cell imaging applications
Authors: Abeywickrama Chathura S.
Published: August 2022

Improved Stokes' Shift by Efficient Intramolecular Charge Transfer (ICT).
Crystal structure of natural product argyrin-D determined by 3D electron diffraction
Authors: Gorelik Tatiana E. , Tehrani Kamaleddin H. M. E. , Gruene Tim , Monecke Thomas , Niessing Dierk , Kaiser Ute , Blankenfeldt Wulf , Müller Rolf
Published: August 2022

Crystal structure of natural product argyrin D was determined from electron diffraction data.
A double pulse LII experiment on carbon nanoparticles: insight into optical properties
Authors: Migliorini Francesca , Belmuso Silvia , Ciniglia D. , Dondè Roberto , De Iuliis Silvana
Published: August 2022

In this work cooled carbon nanoparticles are investigated with the aim of gaining knowledge on their properties.
Chemistries of bifunctional PROTAC degraders
Authors: Cao Chaoguo , He Ming , Wang Liguo , He Yuna , Rao Yu
Published: August 2022

Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) technology is a novel and promising therapeutic strategy using small molecules to induce ubiquitin-dependent degradation of proteins.
Computational screen of M2P metal phosphides for catalytic ethane dehydrogenation
Authors: Ko Jeonghyun , Schneider William F.
Published: August 2022

Metal phosphide screening for ethane dehydrogenation.
Bicyclopeptides: a new class of ligands for Cu(ii) ions
Authors: Marciniak Aleksandra , Pacini Lorenzo , Papini Anna Maria , Brasuń Justyna
Published: August 2022

Bicyclic peptides are a promising class of compounds. Compared to monocyclic molecules, they have advantages, e.g. increased stability or membrane permeability, or higher selectivity possibly. Owing to their abilities they are a promising class of ligands for metal ions.
Overview and applications of map and model validation tools in the CCP-EM software suite
Authors: Joseph Agnel Praveen , Malhotra Sony , Burnley Tom , Winn Martyn D.
Published: August 2022

Atomic models from cryo-EM show a preference for geometric quality with the expense of agreement with the map data. This study highlights the lack of validation standards and CCP-EM efforts and related developments in this context.
Life cycle assessment of enzymatic poly(ethylene terephthalate) recycling
Authors: Uekert Taylor , DesVeaux Jason S. , Singh Avantika , Nicholson Scott R. , Lamers Patrick , Ghosh Tapajyoti , McGeehan John E. , Carpenter Alberta C. , Beckham Gregg T.
Published: August 2022

Life cycle assessment of enzymatic poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) recycling highlights key challenges and opportunities for improving environmental impacts.
DFT studies on rhodium(iii)-catalyzed synthesis of indanones from N-methoxybenzamides via C–H activation reaction
Authors: Li Qianqian , Wei Meiju
Published: August 2022

Rh(iii)-catalyzed reaction of N-methoxybenzamides with β-trifluoromethyl-α,β-unsaturated ketones to produce different products under different conditions.
What is the difference between mono- and biphosphine ligands? Revealing the chemoselectivity in Pd-catalysed carbenation of bromonaphthalene
Authors: Gong Wenting , Fu Dongmin , Zhong Kangbao , Ni Hao , He Xiaoqian , Shan Chunhui , Li Rong , Lan Yu
Published: August 2022

Ligand-controlled chemoselectivity is an important topic in organometallic chemistry.
Copper-catalyzed synthesis of cyclopropyl bis(boronates) from aryl olefins and carbon monoxide
Authors: Geng Hui-Qing , Li Wenbo , Zhao Yanying , Wu Xiao-Feng
Published: August 2022

A copper-catalyzed carbonylation process has been developed for the synthesis of diborylated cyclopropanes from both stable internal and terminal aryl olefins in moderate to good yields.
Two-dimensional MXO/MoX2 (M = Hf, Ti and X = S, Se) van der Waals heterostructure: a promising photovoltaic material
Authors: Sibhatu Aman Kassaye , Alene Asres Georgies , Yimam Abubeker , Teshome Tamiru
Published: August 2022

Nanoscale materials with multifunctional properties are necessary for the quick development of high-performance devices for a wide range of applications, hence theoretical research into new two-dimensional (2D) materials is encouraged.
Ring-opening of non-activated aziridines with [11C]CO2via novel ionic liquids
Authors: Lindberg Anton , Vasdev Neil
Published: August 2022

Novel ionic liquids based on DBU and DBN halide salts were developed as a catalytic system for ring-opening of non-activated aziridines with [11C]CO2.
Temperature dependent perylene fluorescence as a probe of local polymer glass transition dynamics
Authors: Han Yixuan , Roth Connie B.
Published: August 2022

New fluorescence characterization method demonstrating that the temperature dependence of perylene's emission spectrum doped in different bulk polymer matrices is sensitive to the local glass transition dynamics of the surrounding polymer segments.
A facile strategy to construct biocompatible poly(vinyl alcohol)-based self-healing hydrogels
Authors: Cao Jinlong , Zhao Xiaowen , Ye Lin
Published: August 2022

Endowing PVA hydrogels with good self-healing ability can autonomously repair damage with improved reliability.
Marine waste upcycling—recovery of nylon monomers from fishing net waste using seashell waste-derived catalysts in a CO2-mediated thermocatalytic process
Authors: Kim Soosan , Kim Yong Tae , Oh Lee Seul , Kim Hyung Ju , Lee Jechan
Published: August 2022

A strategy for marine waste upcycling and CO2 utilization by the recovery of high-value monomer from fishing net waste using seashell waste-derived catalysts in the presence of CO2.
In situ observation of highly oxidized Ru species in Ru/CeO2 catalyst under propane oxidation
Authors: Bezkrovnyi Oleksii , Vorokhta Mykhailo , Pawlyta Mirosława , Ptak Maciej , Piliai Lesia , Xie Xianxian , Dinhová Thu Ngan , Khalakhan Ivan , Matolínová Iva , Kepinski Leszek
Published: August 2022

Ru evaporation from the surface of a Ru/CeO2 catalyst is demonstrated.
Aqueous proton battery stably operates in mild electrolyte and low-temperature conditions
Authors: Sun Tianjiang , Nian Qingshun , Du Haihui , Zheng Shibing , Han Dong , Tao Zhanliang
Published: August 2022

The double effects of ClO4− anion in term of the improvement of deposition/dissolution efficiency of Mn2+/MnO2 and low-temperature performance for aqueous proton battery.
Nanomaterial integrated 3D printing for biomedical applications
Authors: Zhang Liwen , Forgham Helen , Shen Ao , Wang Jiafan , Zhu Jiayuan , Huang Xumin , Tang Shi-Yang , Xu Chun , Davis Thomas P. , Qiao Ruirui
Published: August 2022

Herein, recent advances in nanomaterials integrated with 3D printing technologies are summarized to inform the reader about the cutting-edge technology in the development of advanced 3D-printed structures for biomedical applications.
Halogen-bridged binuclear iridium(iii) complexes with enhanced photodynamic therapeutic effects in mitochondria
Authors: Lyu Jinxiao , Liu Dongcheng , Wang Chunfei , Zhang Zhao , Zhang Xuanjun
Published: August 2022

Halogen bridged Ir complexes showed excellent performance in 1O2 generation. Replacing the bridge with heavier atoms and introducing them into mitochondria can enhance the PDT. The [(Pbopq)2IrBr]2 can achieve an IC50 value of 75 nM.
X-ray triggered pea-shaped LuAG:Mn/Ca nano-scintillators and their applications for photodynamic therapy
Authors: Liu Bin , Liu Chang , Zhang Xiaolei , Yao Shu , Wang Ziying , Liu Zongming , Song Kun , Li Jinkai
Published: August 2022

The system (LuAG:Mn/Ca-Ce6@SiO2) based on a nanoscintillator (LuAG:Mn/Ca) activating photosensitizer agent (Ce6) was designed for the generation of singlet oxygen (1O2) to ablate tumor under X-ray irradiation.
The templating effect of diammonium cations on the structural and optical properties of lead bromide perovskites: a guide to design broad light emitters
Authors: Chiara Rossella , Morana Marta , Folpini Giulia , Olivati Andrea , Albini Benedetta , Galinetto Pietro , Chelazzi Laura , Ciattini Samuele , Fantechi Elvira , Serapian Stefano A. , Petrozza Annamaria , Malavasi Lorenzo
Published: August 2022

The templating role in the formation of 2D metal halide perovskites of diammonium cations, such as 1,3-phenylenediammonium, 1,3-xylylenediammonium, 1,4-phenylenediammonium, and 1,4-xylylenediammonium cations, has been investigated.
Boosting the stability of lead halide perovskite nanocrystals by metal–organic frameworks and their applications
Authors: Shankar Hari , Ghosh Sukanya , Kar Prasenjit
Published: August 2022

An overview of recent development on stability improvement and various applications of lead halide perovskite nanocrystals by metal organic frameworks.
Morphological evolution of cadmium oxide crystals showing color changes and facet-dependent conductivity behavior
Authors: Kumar Gautam , Chen Chong-Rui , Chen Bo-Hao , Chen Jing-Wei , Huang Michael H.
Published: August 2022

CdO stellated octahedra, octahedra, truncated octahedra, and Cd(OH)2 hexagonal plates have been synthesized. These CdO crystals exhibit size-dependent colors, and the {111} faces of CdO are much more electrically conductive than the {100} faces.
Anin situDNA content detection enabled by organic long-persistent luminescence materials with tunable afterglow-time in water and air
Authors: Liu Man , Muleta Desissa Yadeta , Yu Zhenyi , Wang Lichang , Liu Dongzhi , Wang Tianyang , Hu Wenping
Published: August 2022

Anin situanalysis for DNA content detection without DNA separation in samples, which circumvents the influence of the chromophore, fluorophore and other interferentsin vivo, based on long-persistent luminescence of organic doped-crystals.