bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Alternative Splicing Profiles in Th Cell Subsets Reveals Extensive Cell Type–Specific Effects Modulated by a Network of Transcription Factors and RNA-Binding Proteins
Authors: Mir Quoseena , Lakshmipati Deepak K , Ulrich Benjamin J , Kaplan Mark H , Janga Sarath Chandra
Published: September 2021

Alternative splicing (AS) plays an important role in the development of many cell types; however, its contribution to Th subsets has been clearly defined. In this study, we compare mice naive CD4+ Th cells with Th1, Th2, Th17, and T regulatory cells and observed that the majority of AS events were retained intron, followed by skipped-exon events, with at least 1200 genes across cell types affected by AS events. A significant fraction of the AS events, especially retained intron events from the 72-h time point, were no longer observed 2 wk postdifferentiation, suggesting a role for AS in early activation and differentiation via preferential expression of specific isoforms required during T cell activation, but not for differentiation or effector function. Examining the protein consequence of the exon-skipping events revealed an abundance of structural proteins encoding for intrinsically unstructured peptide regions, followed by transmembrane helices, β strands, and polypeptide turn motifs. Analyses of expression profiles of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and their cognate binding sites flanking the discovered AS events revealed an enrichment for specific RBP recognition sites in each of the Th subsets. Integration with publicly available chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing datasets for transcription factors support a model wherein lineage-determining transcription factors impact the RBP profile within the differentiating cells, and this differential expression contributes to AS of the transcriptome via a cascade of cell type–specific posttranscriptional rewiring events.
Ciliates in different types of pools in temperate, tropical, and polar climate zones – implications for climate change
Authors: Mieczan Tomasz , Bronowicka-Mielniczuk Urszula
Published: September 2021

Small water bodies are typically characterized by high diversity of various groups of microorganisms. Moreover, these ecosystems react very quickly to even the slightest climate changes (e.g. a temperature increase or water level fluctuations). Thus far, studies of planktonic ciliates in small water bodies having different origins and located in various climate zones have been scarce. Our study aimed to verify the following hypotheses: planktonic ciliate assemblages exhibit higher diversity in pools with higher concentrations of biogenic compounds; pools in warmer climates have higher biodiversity of planktonic ciliates than those in the polar climate zone; individual functional groups of ciliates demonstrate considerable diversity, both between individual pool types and between climate zones. The study was conducted in 21 small pools in temperate, tropical, and polar climate zones. While the type of pool clearly influenced the makeup of microbial communities, the influence of climate was stronger. The factors with the greatest influence on the occurrence of these microorganisms were temperature, total organic carbon, and nutrients. Our results show that in warmer climates the abundance of bacterivorous ciliates is higher, while that of mixotrophs is lower. This has consequences for modelling of climate change and assessment of its influence on the carbon cycle in small water body ecosystems.
Coping strategies used by nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: A narrative literature review
Authors: Sehularo Leepile A. , Molato Boitumelo J. , Mokgaola Isaac O. , Gause Gopolang
Published: September 2021

Background: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it is understandable that nurses are working under stressful conditions. A successful use of effective coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic will help nurses to manage stressful conditions.Aim: The objective of this narrative literature review was to explore and describe the coping strategies used by nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.Setting: This study was conducted from all available literature related to the coping strategies used by nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic globally.Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted to answer researchers’ concern of coping strategies used by nurses during COVID-19. The purposive sampling technique was used to select three online databases that were used to search for the relevant literature, namely Google Scholar, Science Direct and African Journals (formerly SAePublications). Search terms used to conduct this study include coping, coping strategies, nurses, nursing and COVID-19 pandemic. This study included English studies focusing on coping strategies used by nurses during COVID-19 published between 2019 and 2021. The study excluded newspaper articles, conference reports and other databases not mentioned in this study.Results: The findings identified the following strategies: use of COVID-19 protective measures, avoidance strategy, social support, faith-based practices, psychological support and management support are used by nurses as coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic.Conclusion: The use of the identified coping strategies by nurses may reduce stress and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic. Recommendations were made for future research, nursing education and practice.Contribution: This is the first narrative literature review focusing on the coping strategies used by nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings of this narrative literature review provide insight that may be used by nurses of all categories to cope during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Interfacing vector-borne disease dynamics with climate change: Implications for the attainment of SDGs in Masvingo city, Zimbabwe
Authors: Chapungu Lazarus , Nhamo Godwell
Published: September 2021

This study used a mixed-methods research design to examine the sensitivity of vector-borne disease (VBD) patterns to the changes in rainfall and temperature trends. The research focused on malaria in Masvingo Province, Zimbabwe. The study interfaced the climate action, health and sustainable cities and communities with sustainable development goals (SDGs). Historical climate and epidemiological data were used to compute the correlations and determine the possible modifications of disease patterns. Clustered random and chain-referral sampling approaches were used to select study sites and respondents. Primary data were gathered through a questionnaire survey (n = 191), interviews and focus group discussions, with Mann–Kendal trend tests performed using XLSTAT 2020. The results show a positive correlation between malaria prevalence rates and temperature-related variables. A decline in precipitation-related variables, specifically mean monthly precipitation (MMP), was associated with an increase in malaria prevalence. These observations were confirmed by the views of the respondents, which show that climate change has a bearing on malaria spatial and temporal dynamics in Masvingo Province. The study concludes that climate change plays a contributory role in VBD dynamics, thereby impeding the attainment of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, especially SDG 3, which deals with health. The study recommends further research into appropriate adaptation mechanisms to increase the resilience of rural and urban communities against the negative transmutations associated with weather and climatic pressures.
TEG Parameters Maximum Amplitude, Reaction Time Predicts Sepsis-Induced Coagulopathy and Mortality: A Prospective, Observational Study
Authors: Li Xin , Wang Liang , Liang Yingjian , Li Lu , Li Xiaotong , Zhang Zhidan , Zhang Xiaojuan
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Introduction:

The diagnostic and prognostic value of thromboelastogram (TEG) in sepsis has not been determined. This study aimed to assess whether TEG is an early predictor of coagulopathy and is associated with mortality in patients with sepsis.

Methods:

In total, 518 patients with sepsis on the intensive care unit (ICU) admission were prospectively evaluated. We measured TEG and conventional coagulation tests on preadmission to ICU and observed for the development of 1 and 3 days and 1, 3, and 7 days, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression was utilized to determine the odds of ICU/hospital mortality. The parameter of TEG (maximum amplitude, reaction time; MA/R ratio) was calculated to evaluate sepsis-induced coagulopathy. The patients were divided into three groups: MA/R0 group (MA/R = 5-14 mm/min); MA/R1 group (MA/R <5 mm/min); and MA/R2 group (MA/R >14 mm/min).

Results:

Four hundred and ten patients were included. At enrolment, 10.73%, 65.85%, and 23.41% of the patients had lower, normal, and higher MA/R state, respectively. Compared to MA/R0 group, patients with lower and higher MA/R both had significantly increase risk of hospital mortality (hazards ratio [HR] 2.83 [95% confidence interval [CI] 1.577-5.079], P < 0.01); (HR 1.982 [95% CI 1.073-3.66], P = 0.029), respectively (adjusted with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation [APACHEII] score) and ICU mortality (HR 2.512 [95% CI 1.301-4.852], P = 0.006); (HR1.644 [95% CI 1.024-2.639], P = 0.002) (adjusted with APACHEII score). Patients with higher MA/R had significantly increase risk of hospital mortality APACHE II score (HR 1.635 [95% CI 1.016-2.632], P = 0.043).

Conclusions:

In our cohort of patients with severe sepsis, coagulopathy defined by MA/R ratio was associated with increased risk of ICU/hospital mortality.
Космологические модели на основе статистической системы скалярно заряженных вырожденных фермионов и асимметричного скалярного дублета Хиггса
Authors: Ignatev Yuriy Gennadievich , Ignat'ev Dmitrii Yur'evich
Published: September 2021

На основе общерелятивистской статистической и кинетической теории сформулирована непротиворечивая замкнутая космологическая модель, основанная на статистической системе скалярно заряженных фермионов, взаимодействующих посредством классических и фантомных скалярных полей. На основе исследования микроскопической динамики скалярно заряженных частиц в рамках как лагранжева, так и гамильтонова формализма построена функция динамической массы скалярно заряженных частиц и показано, что для непротиворечивости теории необходимо снятие условия неотрицательности этой функции. На основе лагранжева формализма сформулированы уравнения гравитационных и скалярных полей с сингулярными источниками и получены микроскопические законы сохранения. В рамках общерелятивистской кинетической теории сформулированы макроскопические уравнения гравитационных и скалярных полей и показано их полное соответствие микроскопическим уравнениям с сингулярными источниками, а также получены макроскопические законы сохранения. На основе полученных уравнений сформулирована космологическая модель для вырожденной системы скалярно заряженных фермионов. Получено точное решение материальных уравнений для вырожденной скалярно заряженной плазмы в космологической модели, что позволило существенно упростить исходную систему уравнений. На основе полученного решения материальных уравнений сформулированы две принципиально различные космологические модели, в одной из которых имеются два сорта однократно скалярно заряженных фермионов, а во второй - один сорт фермионов, заряженных двумя зарядами различной природы. Проведен качественный анализ полученной шестимерной динамической системы для двухкомпонентной модели. Показано, что в таких моделях становятся возможными режимы торможения и ускорения на поздних стадиях эволюции Вселенной.
Evolving trends of distance learning for basic education in Namibia: A parental perspective during Covid-19 lockdown
Authors: Strauss Annaly M. , Bipath Keshni
Published: September 2021

Ingenious technology-driven education has become prevalent during the COVID-19 pandemic in schools. This article solicits pre-primary to Grade 12 learners' parents’/ guardians’ views and experiences of distance learning in Namibia during the COVID-19 lockdown. The study employs a mixed-methods research design to gather and analyse data. The analysis of the qualitative data revealed the following main themes: 1) Barriers to distance learning, and 2) Suggestions to overcome these challenges. The sub-themes were: 1) Communication, 2) Teaching and learning 3) Economic challenges, and 4) Materials and equipment. The results of a quantitative analysis revealed that 73,7% of the participating parents’ children had not received any form of education, and 23,7% affirmed that their children had received some education. 53% of the parents whose children had received an education were very dissatisfied. Therefore, the participating parents’  expectations of e-learning were not positively associated with the provision thereof. Lack of digital literacy prevented teachers from actively engaging with learners in digital communities.
How English teachers’ corrective feedback practices can promote second language acquisition in Intermediate Phase classrooms in South Africa: A case study
Authors: Manuel Jasmiene , Kaiser Kotie , Geduld Bernadette
Published: September 2021

In South Africa, many non-native Englishspeaking learners experience a variety of language challenges in classrooms and, as a result, underperform in national and international assessment opportunities. Teachers need to assist these learners with sufficient and effective feedback. The purpose of this qualitative study was, firstly, to explore the relationship between Hattie and Timperley’s (2007) model for effective feedback and the Interactionist Theory of Second Language Acquisition (SLA) (Gass & Mackey, 2006) and, secondly, to explore the corrective feedback practices of Intermediate Phase English Home Language teachers that promote SLA. Observations and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data from 15 purposively selected teachers from five different schools. The research findings indicate that the participants experienced various language-related challenges in their teaching of Intermediate Phase English Home Language. Mostly, the participants utilised transmission teaching approaches to provide formative, oral, written, descriptive, and self- feedback. Feedback in terms of Hattie and Timperley’s (2007) model on the task level was mostly applied as opposed to feedback on the process, self-regulation, and the self-level.
Addressing the challenge of over-crowdedness in English First Additional Language (EFAL) classrooms
Authors: Ntsala Sekanse Abiner , Ramabenyane Mamosebatho Julia , Koen Mariette , Loock Irma
Published: September 2021

This paper lends itself to extenuating the impact of over-crowdedness in the intermediate phase EFAL classrooms. An in-depth  investigation into the causes of poor performance in the intermediate phase EFAL classrooms revealed over-crowdedness as one of the main possible causes. The pedagogical impediments that result from this phenomenon affect the intermediate phase EFL teachers more due to the curriculum requirements of this subject. The study was conducted in the Motheo Education District, in the Free State Province. The data was collected qualitatively, through the use of a group interview, semi-structured interviews and observations. The interviews focused on both well-performing and poor performing schools, while the observations focused on the well-performing schools. The data, which was analysed thematically, revealed the following practices that can benefit EFAL teachers working in overcrowded intermediate phase classrooms: effective planning and preparation, the integration of skills, constructive teaching, explicit instruction, a selective  approach, notetaking and the process approach. The study was premised on the theory of hope, as the insights from well-performing  schools expound the importance of not losing hope and remaining motivated to mitigate contextual factors.
Ewolucyjna transformacja czasopisma. Część 8
Authors: Kokowski Michał
Published: September 2021

Naszkicowano ósmy etap rozwijania czasopisma Studia Historiae Scientiarum (wcześniejsza nazwa Prace Komisji Historii Nauki PAU).
Podano m.in. informacje o ewaluacji czasopisma w „ICI Master Journal List 2019” (koniec 2020 r.), przez MEiN (9 lutego / 18 lutego 2021 r.), w Scopus (6 kwietnia 2021 r.) oraz w SCImago Journal Rankings 2020 (17 maja 2021 r.; dane dotyczące czasopisma są niezgodne ze stanem faktycznym:
pominięto większość cytowalnych tekstów tomu z 2020 r., które są indeksowane w Scopus) oraz liczbie zagranicznych autorów i recenzentów bieżącego tomu czasopisma.
Od tomu 21(2022) czasopismo Studia Historiae Scientiarum wdroży dodatkowe rozwiązania organizacyjne: licencję CC BY dla tekstów artykułów (zachowując możliwość innych licencji dla ilustracji), usługę CrossMark oraz opcję wydawniczą, tzw. „Artykuły FirstView”.
Zanim skrystalizował się zakres badań, czyli o rozwoju nauk o człowieku i rasach ludzkich na ziemiach polskich w drugiej połowie XIX wieku
Authors: Wrzesińska Katarzyna
Published: September 2021

Artykuł opisuje debatę polskich uczonych na temat celów i zakresu badań antropologii. Wpływ na jej przebieg i rozbieżność konkluzji miało szereg czynników. Druga połowa XIX wieku to okres początkowy w kształtowaniu się tej dyscypliny badawczej. Pierwsi antropolodzy byli lekarzami, dlatego też podnoszono znaczenie badań nad fizycznością człowieka jako gatunku i jego podziałem na rasy. Jednocześnie jednak widziano potrzebę łącznego ujmowania związków biologii z ludzką kulturą i z życiem społecznym. Temu służyć miały nauki uznawane za pomocnicze wobec antropologii fizycznej: historia, etnografia, etnologia, socjologia, językoznawstwo i archeologia. Recepcja nauki zachodniej nie przynosiła gotowych wzorców. Na jej gruncie funkcjonowało bowiem jednocześnie wiele ujęć ukształtowanych przez niezależne od siebie narodowe tradycje. Ponadto rozdział nauk o człowieku na odrębne dyscypliny jeszcze się nie dokonał. Stąd też spotykamy synonimiczność terminów takich jak antropologia, etnologia i etnografia.
Polskie piśmiennictwo naukowe i popularnonaukowe, stanowiące podstawę źródłową niniejszego artykułu, odegrało znaczącą rolę w pogłębieniu dyskursu wokół kształtujących się nauk o człowieku. Wprowadziło problematykę antropologiczną i zainteresowało nią szeroki krąg czytelników. Bez samodzielnych badań oraz recepcji nauki obcej, dokonujących się w dobie zaborów, nie byłby możliwy rozwój nauk o człowieku po 1918 roku w wolnej Rzeczypospolitej.
Profesor Tadeusz Estreicher (1871–1952) – chemik, kriogenik, historyk nauki, miłośnik sztuki, humanista, tłumacz i patriota
Authors: Rafalska-Łasocha Alicja
Published: September 2021

Chemik Tadeusz Estreicher, uczeń prof. Karola Olszewskiego, zajmował się głównie kriogeniką, jego działalność obejmowała również wiele innych dziedzin nauki, kultury i sztuki. Swój czas poświęcał on też na działalność społeczną, szczególnie w czasie pobytu i pracy na uniwersytecie w szwajcarskim Fryburgu.
Po odzyskaniu niepodległości prof. Tadeusz Estreicher wrócił do kraju i rozpoczął pracę organizacyjną i naukową. Związany był z Wydziałem Filozoficznym (Katedra Chemii), Oddziałem Farmaceutycznym UJ i krakowską Akademią Sztuk Pięknych.
W 1939 r. został aresztowany w trakcie Sonderaktion Krakau i przebywał w obozie w Sachsenhausen. Po powrocie do Krakowa brał udział w tajnym nauczaniu, a po zakończeniu wojny powrócił do pracy w I Zakładzie Chemicznym Collegium Chemicum przy ul. Olszewskiego 2.
Po jego śmierci, w nekrologu, jaki ukazał się w czasopiśmie Nature, John Read napisał: „Będąc przede wszystkim chemikiem, Estreicher był wielkim erudytą i miał wiele różnorodnych zainteresowań. Ten wybitny uczony mógłby przyjąć za swoje motto: Homo sum humani: nihil a me alienum puto.”
Celem artykułu jest przypomnienie postaci Tadeusza Estreichera i uzupełnienie jego biografii o nowe wątki dotyczące jego zainteresowań sztuką i kontaktów ze środowiskiem artystycznym Krakowa.
Z badań nad dziejami i spuścizną polskich filozofujących przyrodników w Kijowie w latach 1900–1919. Część 1: Czesław Białobrzeski
Authors: Mścisławski Łukasz
Published: September 2021

Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu przedstawienie mniej znanych faktów życia Czesława Białobrzeskiego z okresu przed opuszczeniem przez niego Kijowa w roku 1919 oraz jego zapoznanych prac z tego okresu. Szczególny nacisk położono na detale biograficzne, niektóre aspekty powstawania najbardziej znanej pracy oraz jego działalność popularyzatorską i jego zainteresowania filozoficzne, zwłaszcza dotyczące fenomenu nauki i wpływu francuskiego konwencjonalizmu.
Okazuje się, że już w pracach takich jak „Rzeczywistość w ujęciu przyrodoznawstwa” czy „Zasada względności i niektóre jej zastosowania” Białobrzeski jawi się jako przyrodnik bardzo dobrze zorientowany w tematyce filozoficznej związanej z naukami. Interesujące są także kulisy powstwania najbardziej znanej pracy Białobrzeskiego, „Sur l’équilibre thermodynamique d’une sphère gazeuse libre”, które wyłaniają się z jego korespondencji z Władysławem Natansonem.
Darwin’s On the Origin of Species in Russia and in the USSR: some aspects of translation and publication
Authors: Konashev Mikhail B.
Published: September 2021

The translation of Ch. Darwin’s main and most well-known book, On the Origin of Species, had great significance for the reception and development of his evolution theory in Russia and later in the USSR, and for many reasons. The history of the book’s publication in Russian in tsarist Russia and in the Soviet Union is analyzed in detail.
The first Russian translation of On the Origin of Species was made by Sergey A. Rachinsky in 1864. Till 1917 On the Origin of Species had been published more than ten times, including the publication in Darwin’s collected works. The edition of 1907– –1909 with Timiryazev as editor had the best quality of translation and scientific editing. This translation was used in all subsequent Soviet and post-Soviet editions. During Soviet time, On the Origin of Species was published seven times in total, and three times as a part of Darwin’s collected works.
From 1940 to 1987, as a result of the domination of Lysenkoism in Soviet biology, On the Origin of Species was not published in the USSR.
During the post-Soviet period, the book was published only two times, and it happened already in the 21st century. The small number of editions of Darwin’s main book in post-Soviet time is one of the consequences of the discredit of the evolutionary theory in mass media and by the Russian Orthodox Church as well as the rise of neo-Lysenkoism.
The general circulation of nine pre-revolutionary editions of On the Origin of Species was about 30,000–35,000 copies. Only four editions which had been released in the USSR from 1926 to 1937 had the total circulation in 79,200 copies. Two post-Soviet editions published in 2001 and in 2003 had already a circulation of only 1,000 copies. Subsequent editions in each period of Russian history was thus some kind of an answer to the scientific, political and social requirements of the Russian society and the Russian state.
Copernicus, his Latin style and comments to Commentariolus
Authors: Borski George , Kokowski Michał
Published: September 2021

A methodology of historical or higher criticism and of stylometry/stylochronometry known from Biblical and literary studies is applied to the examination of Nicolaus Copernicus’s writings. In particular, his early work Commentariolus is compared at the level of the Latin language with his later ones (Meditata, Letter against Werner and De revolutionibus) as well as the texts of some other authors. A number of striking stylistic dissimilarities between these works have been identified and interpreted in the light of stylometry/stylochronometry, historical criticism and the history of Copernican research. The conducted research allowed to draw some plausible conclusions about the Sitz im Leben (historical context), the dating of Commentariolus and related matters.
Ladislas Natanson and Alfred Landé versus Planck’s law, the Boltzmann-Planck-Natanson statistics and the Bose statistics
Authors: Kokowski Michał
Published: September 2021

The article describes the context and content of the November 1925 correspondence – so far overlooked by historians of physics – between Władysław (Ladislas) Natanson and Alfred Landé on Planck’s law and Bose statistics, and the effects of this interaction.
The article publishes for the first time the transcription of two original letters in German and their translations into English.
Józef Warszewicz (1812–1866) and taxonomical history of Warszewiczia coccinea (Vahl) Klotzsch
Authors: Zemanek Alicja , Zemanek Bogdan , Głuszak Tomasz , Nobis Marcin
Published: September 2021

Józef Warszewicz (1812–1866) – traveler and naturalist, the main horticulturist (inspector) of the Botanic Garden of theJagiellonian University in Kraków, was one of the first plant collectors in the tropical regions of Central and South America. From his travels (1844–1850, 1850–1853) he sent and brought to Europe hundreds of previously unknown plants, primarily orchids, in addition to representatives of other families.
One of the collected species was Warszewiczia coccinea (red warszewiczia in English, warszewiczia czerwona in Polish), described by Johann F. Klotzsch and named after the collector. It is a small tree or shrub with large, red inflorescences, growing wild in the American tropics and often cultivated as an ornamental. It plays a significant role in the culture of the island country of Trinidad and Tobago in the Little Antilles archipelago, where it is considered a “national plant”.
The aim of this article is to highlight one of the chapters in the history of systematics (taxonomy) relating to Józef Warszewicz and the plants described on the basis of his collections, especially red warszewiczia.
Many of the so-called “Warszewicz species” have survived in the taxonomy to this day. His unique collection is stored in the Herbarium of the Jagiellonian University – Herbarium Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis – KRA. There are specimens important to the science – lectotypes (model representations) of the species Warszewiczia pulcherrima (= W. coccinea).
Scholarship, community formation and book reviews: The Literarisches Centralblatt as arena and meeting place
Authors: Engberts Christiaan
Published: September 2021

Book reviews serve multiple functions. They are not only used to assess the merit of individual books but also contribute to the creation and maintenance of scholarly communities.
This paper draws on nineteenth-century book reviews to outline three of their features that contributed to the selfdefinition of such communities: the assessment of books, the assessment of authors, and the use of positive and negative politeness strategies to address individual authors as well as a broader audience.
The analysis will be based on the book reviews of the German Semitist Theodor Nöldeke and the experimental psychologist Wilhelm Wundt in the Literarisches Centralblatt in the eighteenseventies. In their book reviews they both criticized and praised their peers, which turned review journals like the Centralblatt in arenas for polemic debate as well as meeting places for likeminded scholars.
To be more precise, book reviews were used to communicate standards of scholarly excellence, expectations of the character and skills of scholars, and the acknowledgement of the value of the continued existence of aims and interests shared among a large group of academically educated and employed scholars. By contributing to the establishment and maintenance of scholarly peer groups with shared values, book reviews also reinforced the dividing line between academic researchers and lay contributors to their fields.
Constructing the persona of the Naturwissenschaftler – German book reviews on galvanism
Authors: Stoeger Alexander
Published: September 2021

Scientific book reviews were an important genre in late-18thcentury German journals. The mostly anonymous reviewers regarded themselves as voices of the scientific community, judging the quality of new publications for its benefit.
However, as this paper shows, some reviewers aspired to more than judging the books’ content. The reviewers of Christian Heinrich Pfaff ’s, Alexander von Humboldt’s, and Johann Wilhelm Ritter’s monographs on galvanism, published between 1796 and 1805, used the language of epistemic virtues and vices to present their readership with their ideal scientific persona meant to support the development of the empirical sciences.
case of “a crow dressed in borrowed feathers”: Debate of the church historians on plagiarism in the 19th-century Hungary
Authors: Fazekas Csaba
Published: September 2021

This paper presents a heated debate about plagiarism that unfolded between historiographers of the Catholic Church in the press in Hungary in 1841. It was only one special event with few participants, but this case offers an opportunity to study the development of the approach of historical science to plagiarism and the conditions of historiography in East-Central Europe, with special regard to church history, and contrasts these with the conditions in West European countries.
To interpret the plagiarism debate, the “court model” will be applied because the writings of the accused author, the victim, and the witnesses remind us of the participants in a court trial, where for the court to pass the sentence mitigating and aggravating circumstances can be put forward, and there is also countercharging; and the committed act is also considered from the point of view of intellectual property rights, as well as from a moral and scientific standpoint.
Reliability Analysis of Dumpers through FMEA-TOPSIS Integration
Authors: M. Pradeep Kumar, Dr. N. V. S. Raju and M. Navaneetha
Published: September 2021

Failure modes and effects analysis is an effective and most common traditional method to find and eradicate the failure modes in
the system. In the FMEA method ranks are assigned based on risk priority number and are calculated by simply multiplying
Severity(S), Occurrence(O), and Detection(D). FMEA doesn't consider subjectivity and vagueness in the decision-maker
judgement and this method has been criticized due to its limitations. This project work aims to overcome the shortcomings of
FMEA by integrating with the Multi-Criterion Decision Making (MCDM) model by Shannon Entropy weight method with
Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solutions (TOPSIS). The entropy method is used to calculate weights of
the risk factors and TOPSIS is to examine the priority of ranking of failure modes or causes identified by the FMEA Study. In the
Present work, FMEA and TOPSIS Hybridization method was performed to analyze potential failure modes of a group of dumpers
in open cast mining at Singareni Collieries Company Limited (SCCL) in Ramagundam. The results obtained from this
hybridization can be used to take the corrective actions in time so that the system reliability is improved.
SAKRALNI SVET STARIH VRANjANACA
Authors:   Univerzitet u Beogradu,  Filološki fakultet, Ivkovic Nataša
Published: September 2021

In this paper, the motif of wedding in the novel Nečista krv (Impure Blood), by Borisav Stanković is analysed from the viewpoint of erotological theory of George Bataille. The wedding is observed as a celebration resulting in psychoerotic release of the individual. The erotica manifested here has a key role in profiling two different cultures, the urban culture and the rural culture, personified in the Effendi Mita’s and Gazda Marko’s families. By comparing the urban and rural weddings, distinctive erotic features of the two cultures are perceived, as well as differences in character and aim of the celebration.
Probabilidade: as relações entre conceitos e contextos a partir de um recurso didático
Authors: Barbosa Kátia Xavier Rodrigues , De Melo Diógenes Maclyne Bezerra
Published: September 2021

Esse artigo tem como objetivo analisar se o jogo da memória “será que vai acontecer?”, enquanto recurso didático, permite que os estudantes consigam transferir a aprendizagem de um determinado contexto para outro contexto. Tomamos como fundamentação teórica para análise, os tipos de contextos proposto por Ole Skovsmose (2000). No procedimento metodológico realizamos uma pesquisa de campo e organizamos em três momentos. O primeiro, consistiu na aplicação de uma atividade diagnóstica pré-jogo, no contexto da semi-realidade, para identificar que compreensão os alunos tinham sobre os conceitos de probabilidade. No segundo momento, foi aplicado o jogo Será que vai acontecer? no contexto da matemática pura para que os alunos fossem se apropriando dos conceitos e se familiarizando com os termos que representam os respectivos conceitos. Por fim, foi aplicada uma nova atividade diagnóstica no contexto da semi- realidade para verifica verificar se os alunos conseguiram transferir a aprendizagem de um determinado contexto para o outro. Os resultados dessa análise permitiram perceber que os estudantes tiveram 100% de aproveitamento no conceito certo, fazendo associação de um contexto da matemática pura para o contexto da semi-realidade. No entanto, não teve muita influência no conceito de talvez aconteça e impossível pela natureza particular das situações e distintas em cada um dos contextos.  

 

This article aims to analyze whether the memory game “will it happen?”, as a didactic resource, allows students to transfer learning from a given context to another context. We take as theoretical foundation for analysis, the types of contexts proposed by Ole Skovsmose (2000). In the methodological procedure, we carried out a field research and organized it into three stages. The first consisted in the application of a pre-game diagnostic activity, in the context of semi-reality, to identify what understanding the students had about the concepts of probability. In the second moment, the game Will it happen? in the context of pure mathematics, so that students could take ownership of the concepts and become familiar with the terms that represent the respective concepts. Finally, a new diagnostic activity was applied in the semi-reality context to verify if students were able to transfer learning from one context to another. The results of this analysis allowed us to realize that the students had 100% success in the right concept, associating a context of pure mathematics to the context of semi-reality. However, it did not have much influence on the concept of maybe happening and impossible due to the particular nature of the situations and distinct in each context.
AN INVESTIGATION INTO DIFFICULTIES IN ENGLISH LISTENING OF FRESHMEN MAJORING IN ENGLISH AT A UNIVERSITY IN THE MEKONG DELTA, VIETNAM
Authors: Dang Thi Bao Dung , Le Van Lanh , Nguyen My , Vo Van Si , Hua Nhu Ngoc
Published: September 2021

English is a very popular language in the world. However, learning a foreign language is not an easy process for learners, especially the English listening process. In fact, most learners believe that it is hard for them to master this skill. Therefore, the research “An Investigation into Difficulties in English Listening of Freshmen Majoring in English at a University in the Mekong Delta” was conducted with the purpose of helping these students to recognize clearly their own problems in English listening. Statistical data were collected from eighty-five English-majored freshmen. The main instrument of the study was a questionnaire. The findings of the research would point out the students’ difficulties in linguistics, including vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, intonation and accent; background knowledge; and difficulties from their own minds. One more notable purpose of this research is that thanks to the results, students can now solve their own problems, so that they can study better.

 Article visualizations:
TESTING IN A COMPETENCY-BASED LANGUAGE TEACHING CONTEXT / TESTER DANS UNE BASE DE COMPÉTENCES CONTEXTE D'ENSEIGNEMENT DES LANGUES
Authors: Iwikotan Katchédé Etienne
Published: September 2021

Tests are part and parcel of the teaching and learning process. The objectives of the research are to explore the design of tests within the framework of the competency-based approach under implementation in the Beninese secondary education system and to describe the challenges teachers face in the process of designing competency-based tests. A focus group was organized with six EFL teachers from two secondary schools in the South of Benin in order to collect relevant data for the study. The findings show that the respondents test their learners to gauge their level of understanding of lessons and to find out if they are teaching well. In addition, the respondents indicated that all the tests they administer are criterion-referenced. Some of the criteria mentioned include recognizing details in a text, showing mastery of grammar, vocabulary and functions, rephrasing sentences, and expressing opinions. The respondents equally indicated that it is difficult for them to find adequate texts for their tests, to design appropriate contexts, and to frame the directions of the tasks. It is therefore recommended to continuously train teachers in the field of testing.

Les évaluations font partie intégrante du processus d’enseignement-apprentissage. Cette étude vise à explorer comment les professeurs d’anglais conçoivent les évaluations dans le cadre de l’approche par compétences mise en œuvre dans l’enseignement secondaire au Bénin et de décrire les difficultés auxquelles les professeurs d’anglais sont confrontés dans le processus de conception des évaluations basées sur les compétences. Un entretien de groupe a été organisé avec six professeurs d’anglais de deux établissements d’enseignement secondaire au Sud du Bénin. Les résultats montrent que les participants évaluent leurs apprenants pour jauger le niveau de compréhension des cours par ces derniers et voir s’ils enseignent bien eux-mêmes. De plus, les participants ont indiqué que toutes les évaluations administrées sont critériées dans la mesure où elles sont fondées sur des critères comme la reconnaissance de détails dans un texte, la démonstration de la maîtrise de la grammaire, du vocabulaire et des fonctions, la reformulation des phrases et l’expression d’opinions. Les participants ont également signalé qu’ils éprouvent des difficultés à trouver des textes adéquats pour les évaluations, à concevoir des contextes appropriés et à formuler les consignes des tâches. Il est alors recommandé d’assurer la formation continue des professeurs sur l’évaluation.

 Article visualizations:
EVALUATION OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING PROGRAM OF THE FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UNIVERSITY OF BENGHAZI USING THE PEACOCK MODEL: TOWARDS QUALITY EDUCATION
Authors: Laurel Regilito D. , Belting Annabelle C. , Almansouri Ennaji Omran
Published: September 2021

The English Language Teaching (ELT) is a theory and practice of English teaching and learning for the welfare of the non-native students whose language is not English. It is an English language degree in exploring the application of the language development and current practice in teaching and testing. The study aims to identify the aspects of the English Language Teaching (ELT) and how do the aspects of the English Language Teaching (ELT) program should be maintained and improved based on the Peacock’s Model and Evaluation. The study employs the quantitative and qualitative descriptive research design and method. The study comprised seventeen (17) alumni of the Faculty of Education, English Department, University of Benghazi, Libya as these participants had experienced the evaluation of the English Language Teaching program to be maintained and to be improved in the Faculty of Education. Purposive sampling is utilized in the study because it is non-probability which is known as judgmental, subjective, and selective sampling. Results show that participants are encouraged to be a reflective teacher when they start teaching and taught to evaluate themselves as a teacher which is vital and important in ELT profession in the Faculty of Education and in English as a Foreign Language, show to promote flexibility in using different teaching practices in different situation and classroom management skills in terms of participation, show that there is adequate training and teaching skills and balances of teacher-centered and student-centered learning on its courses in ELT in terms of experimentation, show to avoid overlapping information between different courses and are ready to teach ELT of the program in the university in terms of application, and show that participants are encouraged to reflect on their past experiences as a language learners and are encouraged to be a reflective teacher in their teaching process in terms of cooperation.

 

 Article visualizations:
EXPLORING EXPECTANCY THEORY AS MOTIVATION FOR LEARNING FRENCH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE ACROSS GENDER
Authors: Hussin Omrah Hassan @ , Rahmat Noor Hanim , Ismail Saidah , Taib Nor Azhar Mohd
Published: September 2021

Previously many language teachers feared that online learning may not give the same impact that it had for face-to-face learning. Nevertheless, now, online learning has become a new norm. More studies on online language learning have emerged. Past studies have shown that the success (or failure) of online classes is the strength of the engagement that took place during the online sessions. This study is done to see if there are gender differences in the learning of a foreign language; French; specifically in terms of Valence, instrumentality, expectancy. French as a foreign language across gender. The instrument used is a survey with four sections. Section A looks at the demographic profile, Section B looks at Valence, Section C looks at Instrumentality and Section D looks at Expectancy. A total of 170 learners responded to the survey. 44 of them were male learners, while 126 were female. Findings revealed variations in gender motivation and perceptions of online language learning.

 Article visualizations:
MEASURE OF GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES’ CAREER INTENTIONS: DESIGN AND VALIDATION OF QUESTIONNAIRE
Authors: De Gulan Xy-Za Marie R. , Aguiling Hector M.
Published: September 2021

Career intentions of employees reflect the organizational effectiveness and dynamism within the organization. To address the gap on the measure of career intentions, a questionnaire was developed and psychometrically tested. The items were generated based on the literature and interview with HR Heads and officers from the target organization. The content validity was established through the review of experts. While the internal reliability, construct and convergent validity was assessed using the confirmatory factor analysis. The statistical analysis showed that the developed questionnaire was found to be valid and reliable and may be utilized to gather and conduct future studies on career development.

 Article visualizations:
AFRICA IN RETROSPECT AND THE FUTURE: A STYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF DEVIATION AND PARALLELISM IN DIOP’S AFRICA
Authors: Djorbua Charles , Darko Isaac Danquah , Afrifa-Yamoah Daniel
Published: September 2021

Attention of language scholars has been shifting from the structural pattern of language to language as a functional unit given the change of interest from the form of a language to its function. This study presents a stylistic analysis of a well-known poem by David Diop “Africa” and analyses the unique role that language plays in projecting the central theme of the poem. The poem Africa is one of the poems that laments the ill treatments that Africa suffered in the hands of its colonialists, but which quickly paints a picture of hope for the continent. The researchers used foregrounding both as a stylistic theory and a method to analyse the poem so as to investigate how linguistic deviations and parallel structures are employed to project the central theme of the poem. The study revealed that both linguistic deviations and parallel structures as well as figurative expressions abound in the poem. These linguistic tools have, in no doubt, contributed immensely to the projection of the overall meaning of the poem – Africa’s past glories, present predicaments of suffering and humiliation under colonialism and the future of hope and freedom embedded in Africa’s rebirth. The study concludes that language and literary works contribute in a unified manner to expose the rots in society and then project a future of hope.

 Article visualizations:
FACTORS AFFECTING CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND RECOMMENDATION OF MOBILE BANKING SERVICES IN MOROCCO
Authors: Boujaddaine Samir , Taqi Ahmed
Published: September 2021

This paper is an application of a variation of American Customer Satisfaction index model in the context of Moroccan banking sector. We specifically chose mobile banking and added a variable that is the service recommendation factor, the results of our work have proved that the hypotheses proposed by our model are validated except the relationship between the perceived quality and customer satisfaction and which can be explained by the indirect relationship through the perceived value.

JEL: M31, Z33

 Article visualizations:
COMMUNICATION WITH PARENTS OF CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS WHO HAVE DIFFICULTY ACHIEVING OR ARE UNABLE TO ACHIEVE THE MINIMUM GOALS IN REGULAR PRIMARY SCHOOL / KOMUNIKACIJA S STARŠI OTROK S POSEBNIMI POTREBAMI, KI LE S TEŽAVO DOSEGAJO ALI PA MINIMALNIH CILJEV V REDNI OSNOVNI ŠOLI NE ZMOREJO DOSEGATI
Authors: Tehovnik Magdalena
Published: September 2021

Good verbal and non-verbal communication is of paramount importance for maintaining and building relationships. However, educators need to be as much as possible attentive when talking to parents of children with learning difficulties to such an extent that they will not be able to complete the regular program. A teacher for children with special needs and a teacher who talk with parents about pupil’s problems and new opportunities in a program with a lower educational standard must have a high level of empathy. They need to be aware that these are injured parents and they need to be able to decide when an individual parent is ready for such information. Most importantly, parents have to feel that we really only want the best for the child and them. In this case, they will be ready for re-education sooner and the child will have fewer unnecessary negative experiences.

Dobra verbalna in neverbalna komunikacija je za vzdrževanje in gradnjo odnosov izrednega pomena. Z vzporedno držo telesa in očesnim kontaktom sočutno komuniciramo z vsemi starši. Pri pogovoru s starši otrok s težavami pri učenju v takšni meri, da rednega programa ne bodo zmogli, pa morajo biti še toliko bolj čuteči. Specialni pedagog in učitelj, ki staršem predstavita težave in nove možnosti na programu z nižjim izobrazbenim standardom, morata imeti veliko mero sposobnosti vživljanja. Zavedati se morata, da so to ranjeni starši in znati morata presoditi, kdaj je posamezen starš pripravljen na kakšno informacijo. Najpomembneje je, da starši čutijo, da resnično želimo otroku in njim le najboljše. Čutiti morajo našo pomoč. V tem primeru bodo na prešolanje pripravljeni prej in otrok bo tako imel manj nepotrebnih negativnih izkušenj.

 Article visualizations: