bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization and Sequencing of a Novel Phage Abp95 Against Multi-genotypes of Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii
Authors: Huang Li , Huang Siyi , Jiang Lingli , Tan Jingjie , Yan Xueping , Gou Chunmei , Chen Xinchong , Xiang Lijuan , Wang Dali , Huang Gaungtao , Zhang Yixin
Published: November 2021

Acinetobacter baumannii has become a challenging conditional pathogen. A. baumannii can lead to different infections, such as wound or urinary tract infections and pneumonia. As an alternative strategy for antibiotic-resistant A. baumannii infections, phage therapy had been used and approved by several governments. Previously we had reported two potential phage therapy candidates named Abp1 and Abp9. In this study, a wide host range lytic phage Abp95 were isolated and sequenced. The biological characteristics of Abp95 are also stuied. Abp95 belongs to the myoviridae family, containing a G+C content of 38.07% with a genome of 43,176 bp. Abp95 genome encodes 77 hypothetical genes, without any known virulence genes. With a diabetic wound infection model, Abp95 could accelerate wound healing though clearing local infections of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii. In conclusion, wide host range lytic phage Abp95 shows the potential as phage therapy candidate against multi-genotypes of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.
Variability of Climate-Induced Rice Yields in Northwest Bangladesh Using Multiple Statistical Modeling
Authors: I Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul , Nabila Irtifa Alam , Hasanuzzaman Md. , Rahman Md. Bozlar , Elbeltegi Ahmed , Mallick Javed , Techato Kuaanan
Published: November 2021

Because of evident climatic variations and significant contribution to national food production, Bangladesh is a climate extreme hotspot region of examination for climatic consequences for rice (Oryza Sativa) crop production. This study intends to explore the variability of climatic variables (e.g., variations in mean temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, and sunshine duration) with rice yields (e.g., Aus, Aman, and Boro rice varieties) in northwest Bangladesh. The modified Mann-Kendall test, Theil-Sen slope estimator, and multiple linear regression (MLR) modeling were used to estimate the association among these factors. Heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation constant standard error (HAC) and feasible generalized least square (FGLS) technique were adopted to measure the climate-rice crop nexus using the regional level dataset for 1976–2015. Furthermore, the spatiotemporal variation of rice yield trends with climatic variables was mapped and assessed by the coefficient of variation. The results show that observed temperature and humidity trends were beneficial for Aus and Aman yields but not Boro yields. In contrast, observed rainfall and sunshine trends were negative for all three rice seasons. The outcomes of the MLR model explained 67%, 92%, and 83% of the variability in Aus, Aman, and Boro rice yields in the study region. The model outcomes showed that humidity and rainfall have negatively affected Aus and Aman rice crops, while temperature and rainfall positively influence Boro rice yield. Regarding the climate change issues and safeguarding food safety at the regional level, the concerned authorities should provide substantial attention to improving heat and drought-tolerance high-yielding varieties against climate effects on Aus and Aman rice varieties.
Liver Transplantation Does Not Increase Morbidity or Mortality in Women Undergoing Surgery for Breast Cancer
Authors: Veillette Gregory , Castaldi Maria , Roberts Sacha , Parsikia Afshin , Choubey Ankur , Okumura Kenji , Latifi Rifat , Ortiz Jorge
Published: November 2021

Purpose

The incidence of breast cancer (BC) in solid organ transplant recipients is comparable to the age-matched general population. The rate of reported de novo breast cancer following liver transplantation (LT) varies. Further, there is limited information on the management and outcomes of breast cancer in liver transplant recipients (LTR). We aim to evaluate the impact of LT on breast cancer surgery outcomes. Further we compare the outcomes after breast cancer surgery in LTR in transplant versus non-transplant centers.
Methods

National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database was accessed to identify LTR with BC. Mortality, complications, hospital charges and total length of stay (LOS) were evaluated with multivariate logistic regression testing. Weighted multivariate regression models were employed to compare outcomes at transplant and non-transplant centers.
Results

Ninety-nine women met inclusion criteria for LT + BC and were compared against a cohort of women with BC without LT (n=736,527). LT + BC had lower performance status as confirmed via higher Elixhauser Comorbidity Index (20.5% vs.10.2%, p < 0001). There were significantly more complications in the LT cohort when compared to the non-LTR (15.0% vs. 8.2%, p=0.012). However, on multivariate analysis, LT was not an independent risk factor for post-operative complications following breast cancer surgery (OR 1.223, p=0.480). Cost associated with breast cancer care was significantly higher in those with LT (2.621, p<0.001). Breast conservation surgery in LT had shorter LOS as compared to BC alone (OR 0.568, p 0.027) in all hospitals.
Conclusion

LT does not increase short-term mortality when undergoing breast cancer surgery. Although there were significantly more complications in the LT cohort when compared to the non-LTR (15.0% vs. 8.2%, p=0.012), on multivariate analysis, LT was not an independent risk factor for postoperative complications following breast cancer surgery. Additionally, breast cancer treatment is more costly in LTR. Breast cancer management in LTR at non-transplant centers incurred higher charges but no difference in complication rate, nor LOS when compared to breast cancer management in LTR at transplant centers.
Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition-Related lncRNAs And SNAI2 Are Potential Biomarkers in Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Xu Xiang , Zou Renchao , Liu Xiaoyong , Su Qianqian
Published: November 2021

BackgroundIncreasing evidence suggests that epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) is critical in the development of inflammatory response, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease (CAD). However, landscapes of EMT-related lncRNAs and their target genes have not been fully established in CAD.MethodsLncRNA and mRNA expression profiles obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were used to identify the differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs) and lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) between CAD and normal samples. Based on Pearson correlation analysis to identify the EMT-related lncRNAs, the optimal features were identified by receiver operating characteristic (ROC), the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, Support Vector Machine Reverse Feature Elimination (SVM-RFE) algorithms, and logistic regression models were constructed aiming to distinguish CAD from normal samples. The cis and trans-regulatory networks were constructed based on EMT-related lncRNAs. We further estimated the infiltration of the immune cells in CAD patients with the CIBERSORT algorithm, and the correlation between key genes and infiltrating immune cells was analyzed.ResultsIn this study, a logistic regression model with powerful diagnostic capability was constructed based on a total of eight EMT-related lncRNAs identified by two machine learning methods. Then, results of the immune analysis revealed three significant immune cell subsets (CD8 T cells, monocytes, and NK cells) in CAD patients and found EMT-related lncRNAs were closely correlated with these immune cell subsets. By Pearson correlation analysis we got 34 “cis” and “trans” genes. Among them, SNAI2, an EMT-TF gene, was found in the trans-regulatory network of EMT-related lncRNAs. Further, through logistic regression and analysis of immune cell infiltration, we found SNAI2 was a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of CAD but also a close correlation between highly expressed SNAI2 and these three immune cell subsets in CAD patients.ConclusionIn conclusion, these biomarkers have important significance in the diagnosis of CAD patients. Eight EMT-related lncRNAs and SNAI2 can improve our understanding of the molecular mechanism between EMT and CAD.
Different Adaptive Strategies of Three Mangrove Species to Nutrient Enrichment: Revealed by Trait-based Analysis
Authors: Wei Lili , Hong Hualong , Bee Ming Yang , Wu Yangyang , Ndayambaje Patrick , Yan Chongling , Kao Shuh-Ji , Chee Poh Seng , Wang Yuzhe
Published: November 2021

Mangrove species are undergoing environmental changes from nutrient-poor to nutrient enrichment due to the large input of external nutrients. The potential difference in adaptive strategies between the slow- and fast-growing species may lead to great changes in species interaction and ecosystem functioning. This study aims to test whether the response strategies to soil nutrient availability differ between the slow- and fast-growing mangrove species. The comparison was carried out among three common mangrove species including two slow-growing species Aegiceras corniculata and Kandelia obovata, and one intrinsic fast-growing species Laguncularia racemosa. All tested species showed conservative strategies (such as slow-growing and high concentrations of leaf tolerance/resistance traits) when living in the nutrient-poor soils. But when soil nutrient increased, L. racemosa shifted to a fast-growing strategy, accompanied by a substantial reduction of tolerance traits including the concentrations of carbon, cellulose, total phenolics, and soluble sugar in leaves. In contrast, A. corniculatum and K. obovata maintained still conservative strategies even under nutrient enrichment. All the species increased leaf nitrogen, phosphorus, lipid, lignin and specific leaf area (SLA) with soil nutrient availability, but L. racemosa showed a greater nutrient acquisition capacity indicated by a steeper regression line of SLA vs. nutrient resorption efficiency than A. corniculatum. Further, the steeper regression line of SLA vs. leaf δ13C of L. racemosa indicated a higher water use efficiency than A. corniculatum. The dependence of the adaptive strategies of these species to soil nutrient status improved the standing of plant-plant interactions at different soil nutrient status.
Montmorillonite-Nasal-Gel, A Prophylactic Measure Against Covid-19
Authors: Bai Tiankai , Tian Jing , Zhai Xuan , Gao Xingyi , Wang Kangmin , Zhang Zhiyong , Yan Bin
Published: November 2021

Since December 2019, a novel pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has spread through the whole world. There are various ways to control the outbreak, such as vaccines, neutralizing antibodies, but prophylactic measures is still one of the important measures to control the outbreak like face masks. Montmorillonite-Nasal-Gel (MNG), a nasal spray gel consisting of a combination of 10% montmorillonite, 2% xylitol and water, has shown the effect to reduce viral infection. We tested the effect of MNG on SARS-CoV-2 infection by using a SARS-CoV-2 S protein pseudovirus system. To evaluate the efficacy of MNG against SARS-CoV-2 infection, SARS-CoV-2 were treated with 50% MNG in BSL-3 laboratory. These experiments appeared that MNG treatment greatly reduced the infection of SARS-CoV-2. As a nasal spray, it should not stimulate the airways. So we did a respiratory stimulating test and found that it has no stimulating effect on the respiratory tract. Montmorillonite is generally considered to have a amount of negative charge on the surface, it can absorb some viruses and bacteria. We assume that montmorillonite can physically adsorb SARS-CoV-2 too. As a personal protective equipment, MNG was approved by National Medical Products Administration (NMPA). MNG can further be used in the protection of all groups.
Neutrons magnetic Mass
Authors: geilhaupt manfred
Published: November 2021

In Quantum Physics the Spin of an elementary particle is defined to be an „intrinsic, inherent“ property. The same to the magnetic moment (μ) due to the spin of charged particles - like Electron (me) and Proton (mp). So the intrinsic spin (S=1/2h-bar) of the electron entails a magnetic moment because of charge (e). However, a magnetic moment of a charged particle can also be generated by a circular motion (due to spin) of an electric charge (e), forming a current. Hence the „orbital motion of charge“ around a „mass-nucleus“ generates a magnetic moment by Ampère’s law. This concept leads to an alternative way calculating the neutrino mass (mν) while discussing the beta decay of a neutron into fragments: proton, electron, neutrino and binding energy. The change of neutrons magnetic moment (μn) during the decay process based on energy and spin and charge conservation should allow to calculate the restmass of the neutrino.  (KATRIN <1.1eV (2019) about 0.2eV (2021). Estimation from μn: 0.10(20)eV (2020).
Selection and Ranking of the Most Suitable Drones for Sustainable Traffic Management Using Multi-Criteria Analysis Approach
Authors: Hamurcu Mustafa , EREN Tamer
Published: November 2021

The traffic problem is one of the significant issues facing many large cities. So, transportation plans should be analyzed very well. Static cameras are tools and the right solution for traffic monitoring and management. But, nowadays, drones come into prominence as popular, effective, and more sustainable tools in traffic control and have been used for various traffic applications. In this study, a model is proposed for the selection of the most suitable drone under the specific characteristics to ensure a contributor to traffic management efforts. The decision model is structured with AHP and MOORA-TOPSIS and VIKOR ranking methods. The weighting of criteria is carried out by the AHP method, and a combination of AHP and ranking methods are used for the best selection. The results of the analysis were compared using Spearman's rank correlation, and it is seen that the results are at the desired level.
Heavy ion collisions and neutron stars : dynamics and thermodynamics of QCD matter
Authors:   , Motornenko Anton
Published: November 2021

This thesis deals with the phenomenology of QCD matter, its aspects in heavy ion collisions and in neutron stars. The first half of the work focuses on the hadronic phase of QCD matter. One focus is on how the hadronic phase shows itself in heavy ion collisions and how its dynamics can be simulated. The role of hadronic interactions is considered in the context of the lattice QCD data. The second part of this thesis presents a unified approach to QCD matter, the CMF model. The CMF model incorporates many aspects of QCD phenomenology which allows for a consistent description of the hadron-quark transition, making it applicable to the entire QCD phase diagram, i.e., to the cold nuclear matter and to the hot QCD matter. It is shown that a description of both the hot matter created in heavy ion collisions and the cold dense matter in neutron star interiors is possible within one single approach, the CMF model.
Integration of kinematic and dynamic mathematical models of a two-axle electric car in the problem of estimating its stability on turns
Authors: Horeniuk Vadym
Published: November 2021

Object of research: the process of movement of cars with internal combustion engines or the electric drive on a road curve.

Investigation problem: assessment of the stability of cars with internal combustion engines or electric drive on a road curve and determination of conditions of its ensuring.

The main scientific result. The article evaluated the stability of cars with internal combustion engines or electric drive on a road curve and determines the conditions of its ensuring using an algorithm that combines mathematical models of car movement on a road curve, synthesized based on balance equations of both kinematics and dynamics. The proposed models consider the change in speed of cars while driving on a road curve, and therefore belong to the class of differential equations. The analysis of these models allows calculating changes in time of values of limiting and critical speeds of movement of the car on a road curve. The article identifies the prospects of integration into this set of mathematical models another one, synthesized in the space of linguistic variables that characterize the uncertainty of the road surface and the degree of tire wear on different wheels of the car.

The area of practical application of the research results: Automotive enterprises specializing in equipping cars with traffic control systems.

Innovative technological product: A method of determining the limiting parameters of movement of the car on road curves, at which the car does not overturn while passing turns, and an algorithm for its implementation, which combines kinematic and dynamic mathematical models of car movement on the road curve.

Scope of application of the innovative technological product: Equipping cars with additional control systems that assess the critical values of the traffic parameters on turns to ensure the conditions of non-overturning when the car passes these turns
Prognosis role of epitelial-mezenchimal transformation markers and surface stem tumor cells in the reccurence of serous low grade ovarian carcinomas
Authors: Hryhorenko Varvara
Published: November 2021

Ovarian cancer remains one of the most fatal pathologies among women around the world due to late diagnosis on the advanced stages of the tumor process. Serous ovarian carcinomas (SOC) often recur, which worsens the prognosis for patients’ recovery and survival. The identification of prognostic clinical and morphological factors that predict the appearance of recurrence remains an urgent problem.

The aim of the research was studying relationships between the phenomenon of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and the expression of surface cancer stem cells (CSCS) markers to identify recurrence predictors among women with low grade serous ovarian carcinomas (LGSC).

The material were paraffin blocks and slides of 43 patients with LGSC I-IV FIGO stage. The study included 30 cancers without recurrence and 13 tumors with it within 24 months. The expression of E-cadherin, Vimentin, CD44 and CD117 was studied using immunohistochemical (IHC) method.

Results. Development of recurrence is typical for women with stage III-IV (p=0,01), the expression of Vimentin at level 51–100 % (p=0,001) and E-cadherin at 10–50 % (p=0.04). CD44 was expressed in 51.16 % of tumors and level didn`t depend on age, recurrence, but depended on disease stage (p=0.001). Recurrent LGSCs are characterized by the expression of CD117> 10 % (p=0.0001), its direct correlation with the stage (p=0.0001) and the recurrence (p=0.0001). A direct relationship was found between the CD117 and Vimentin expression.

Conclusions. Prognostic markers of recurrence should be considered stage III-IV, levels of Vimentin 51–100 %, E-cadherin 10-50 % and CD117> 10 %. A correlation between CD117 and Vimentin expression indicates the commonality of EMT and CSCS in progression and recur. CD44 has no independent prognostic role.
The role of tumoral stroma in determining the forecast of recurrence and fatal consequence of stage IIA-IIIB colorectal cancer
Authors: Yakimenko Alina
Published: November 2021

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks 2nd in the structure of mortality from malignant neoplasms (MN). One of the criteria for the prognosis of CRC may be a tumor stroma, which has not been widely used in clinical practice.

The aim was to determine the main morphological features of the stroma CRC T3N0-2M0 and search for prognostic criteria for their recurrence and lethal outcome according to the operating material and autopsy.

Materials and methods. Group I included primary CRC without recurrence. The average recurrence-free period was 5 years (62.5±16.5 months). Group II – primary CRC with recurrence; IIA – with recurrences within 5 years from the date of tumor removal that did not lead to death; IIB – with the appearance of recurrence and lethal consequence of the generalization of the tumor process within 5 years from the moment of removal of the primary tumor. CRC micropreparations made according to the standard method with G + E staining were studied; immunohistochemical study was performed using monoclonal antibodies to smooth muscle actin alpha.

Results. Stromal-parenchymal ratio >50 % is a prognostic criterion for recurrence (p<0.05) and shorter recurrence-free survival (p<0.001) of patients with stage IIA-IIIB CRC. Immature stroma type CRC stage IIA-IIIB is associated with the presence of tumor budding (p<0.001), G3 differentiation (p<0.01), shorter recurrence-free survival (p<0.001); among recurrent CRCs, the immature type of stroma is associated with the lethal outcome of patients (p<0.05). Expressed levels of tumor-activated fibroblasts are one of the criteria for immature CRC stroma (p<0.003), but as an independent prognostic criterion has limited prognostic value.

Conclusions. TSR and immature type of stroma are prognostic criteria for recurrence and recurrence period of CRC pT3N0-2M0, more typical of tumors of patients with recurrence and lethal outcome with the same ratio of tumors by differentiation.
Analysis of surgical treatment of duodenal ulcers with multiple combined complications
Authors: Ivanchev Pavlo , Bilyachenko Maxim , Kurbanov Anton , Lissov Oleksii
Published: November 2021

The aim of the research. Analysis of results and development of surgical tactics for the treatment of DU with multiple combined complications.

Materials and methods. The results of the analysis of surgical treatment of duodenal ulcers with multiple combined complications (3 and 4 combined complications) for 3 periods are presented: 1st (1983–1995) (group A) – 77 patients, 2nd (2000–2007) years (group B) – 30 patients and 3rd (2008–2020) (group C) – 46 patients.

Results. 153 patients (100 %) underwent surgery for complicated duodenal ulcer (DU), of which 130 patients (84.9 %) had a combination of three complications and 23 (15.1 %) had four complications. Bleeding complications were noted in 139 of 153 patients, accounting for 90.8 %, and ulcer perforation in 69 patients, accounting for 45.1 % of all other complications. Based on the obtained data of the analysis, there is a steady tendency to increase the proportion of organ-preserving operations (OPO) by 1.5 times (from 50.7 % to 76.2 %), reducing the number of gastrectomy (GR) by 3 times (from 14.5 % to 4.8 %) and palliative operations (PAL) 3.3 times (from 15.8 % to 4.8 %) with a relatively stable number of performed organ-saving operations (OSO): in group A – 17 (24.6 %) interventions, in group B – 4 (21.1 %), group C – 6 (14.3 %).

Conclusions. The use of modern measures of endoscopic hemostasis allowed to operate on patients in the delayed period, and their share from the second period to the third increased 2.8 times. The number of patients who underwent emergency surgery with perforation of the ulcer as one of the complications decreased in the third period compared to the second by 2.6 times, due to the widespread use of PPIs in the conservative treatment of DU. According to the results of the analysis it became known that the chosen active-individualized tactics and developed algorithms for choosing the type of surgery allowed to achieve a stable level of postoperative mortality at 8.3 %.
Extraction and reverse transcription of total rna from mouse brain-derived endothelial cells.3 infected by streptococcus Suis 2
Authors: Liu Mingcheng , Kasianenko Oksana
Published: November 2021

Streptococcus suis 2 is an important emerging zoonotic pathogen. It mainly causes meningitis in pigs. We use SS2 to infect bEnd.3 to get stable cDNA for next research on differences in gene expression and protein expression of cytokines.

The paper presents an SS2 study for bEnd.3 infection to obtain stable cDNA for subsequent study of differences in gene expression and cytokine protein expression.

Objective: The aim of this study was to extract the total RNA from mouse brain-derived Endothelial cells (bEnd.3) infected by Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2) and transcript to complementary DNA (cDNA).

Materials and methods: SS2 strain were obtained from Jilin University, China. BEnd.3 was from Henan institute of Science of Technology, China. Reverse transcription kit was from Takara company, Japan. Trizol was from Bioteke company,China. Nanodrop instrument was from Thermo company, USA. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) instrument was from Biometra company, Germany.

We used SS2 to infect bEnd.3 at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 100 for 12h. Cells were harvested and Trizol method was chose to extract the total RNA of bEnd.3 infected by SS2. Nanodrop instrument was used to measure the concentration of RNA and the values of OD260/280 and OD260/230. RNA were transcripted to cDNA with reverse transcription kit by PCR instrument.

Results: trizol method used in this study was reliable and high-quality RNA were obtained. Stable cDNA were obtained by reverse transcription kit.

Conclusion: in this experiment high-quality RNA was obtained and reverse transcribed to stable cDNA for subsequent detection of related cytokines. This study provides an approximate RNA extraction method and good experimental foundation for downstream research.
Immunomorphological features of female patient’s skin with androgenetic alopecia in the treatment of platelet-rich plasma in combination with topical minoxidil 2 % lotion
Authors: Salyenkova Olena
Published: November 2021

The aim. The research was provided to obtain immunohistochemical changes in scalp biopsies of female patients with androgenetic alopecia (AGA) I-II stages according to the Ludwig scale and to detect possible changes after usage of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections in combination with topical minoxidil 2 % lotion.

Materials and methods. Skin biopsies of 30 patients with AGA were examined by immunohistochemistry before and after treatment, which lasted for 3 months and included 3 PRP sessions (once per month) and topical application of minoxidil 2 % lotion twice daily.

Results. It was found that AGA is accompanied by inflammatory perifollicular infiltration by T-lymphocytes CD3 +, CD4 + and CD8 +, macrophages (CD68 +); imbalance of growth polypeptides VEGF, TGF-β1, EGFR; accumulation of oxidative stress enzymes eNOS and iNOS; accumulation of pathological fraction of Collagen IV. The use of platelet-rich plasma in combination with topical 2 % minoxidil as AGA therapy leads to the normalization of immunohistochemical parameters of the skin, which indicates the possibility of its use for long-term therapeutic effect.

Conclusions. This study supplemented the understanding of the pathogenesis of AGA and serves as the basis for improving treatment regimens for this pathology. But more research is required to further study the pathomorphology of androgenetic alopecia and to standardize the technique of using platelet-rich plasma in patients with this disease.
Transfer of Meloidogyne incognita Resistance Using Marker-assisted Selection in Sorghum
Authors: Davis Richard F. , Harris-Shultz Karen R. , Knoll Joseph E. , Wang Hongliang
Published: November 2021

Meloidogyne incognita is a wide-spread and damaging pathogen of many important crops in the southern United States, and most sorghum genotypes allow significant levels of reproduction by the nematode. A series of greenhouse evaluations were conducted to determine whether a quantitative trait locus (QTL) that imparts a high level of resistance to Meloidogyne incognita in sorghum can effectively be transferred into diverse sorghum genotypes using marker assisted selection. Using marker-assisted selection, the resistance QTL, QTL-Sb.RKN.3.1, from ‘Honey Drip’ sorghum was crossed into five different sorghum backgrounds that included forage, sweet, and grain sorghum until the BC1F6 generation. Repeated greenhouse experiments documented that the recurrent parent genotypes were all susceptible to M. incognita and statistically similar to each other. In contrast, the BC1F6 genotypes were all highly resistant and similar to each other and similar to the resistant standard, ‘Honey Drip’. These results suggest that this resistance QTL could be introgressed using marker assisted selection into many sorghum genotypes and confer a high level of resistance to M. incognita. Thus, this QTL and its associated markers will be useful for sorghum breeding programs to incorporate M. incognita resistance into their sorghum lines.
Factors motivating governmental employees in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Soumar Bashaer , Alnahhal Mohammed , Al Hazza Muataz , Sakhrieh Ahmad , I. Tabash Mosab
Published: November 2021

To enhance the performance of organizations, the motivation of employees is a critical factor. The challenge is that motivation can be dependent on the culture and time of analysis. The timely studies are needed for different regions. The purpose of this study is to perform the motivation factors analysis of government employees to enhance their performance. Herzberg’s two-factor motivation theory was used, where the focus is on motivators, which were compared with financial rewards. Another classification of motivators and movers that contributes to ideas was extracted from the literature and included in the questionnaire survey. A survey was designed and 64 employees working in governmental service sectors in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) responded to the questionnaire. Statistical analysis methods such as two proportion z-test, Chi-square, and Fisher tests, were used. Results showed that recognition, which was selected by 44% of employees, is the only source of satisfaction that has a higher effect than financial rewards. In addition, a sense of achievement, the opportunity to take responsibility, work itself, as well as advancement prospects have the same or lower effect than financial rewards. Moreover, results showed that, generally, factors associated with motivators are more important for ideas’ contribution than movers, except for the desire to overcome frustration at work. The practical value of the results is obvious since motivation can significantly enhance the performance of organizations in the UAE.
Towards Combatting Violence against Women’s Access to Land Ownership in Morocco
Authors: Zine-Dine Aissam , El Aissaoui Kamal
Published: November 2021

Assorted kinds of violence and discrimination against women’s access to land ownership seem to be the most criticized the moment their dismissal is no longer a necessity for the Moroccan Legislator. It is hard to deny that all rights and obligations related to access to land, seen as a tangible resource, constitute the first-rate concerns of citizenship. As such, women not only call for an austere equality to men in the broadest sense of the term, but also for access to key positions in the society mainly through access to the means of production1 (El Yaagoubi, 2012: 33). The idea that women are landowners has become an in-vogue question. It is possible to say that women are heading towards building a social class that is becoming more voluble and visible. A reform of their tenure status is imperative bearing in mind that land property is directly associated with power. It is therefore appropriate that legal regimes of different land statuses take into consideration the benefits of this category given the fact that women constitute more than half of the population.
GUIA PARA PROCESSAMENTO DE DADOS DE CROMATOGRAFIA ACOPLADA A ESPECTROMETRIA DE MASSAS
Authors: Borges Ricardo , Resende João , Moraes Aldebaran , Pereira Alana , Garrett Rafael , Bauermeister Anelize , Silva Antonio
Published: November 2021

GUIDE FOR CHROMATOGRAPHY COUPLED TO MASS SPECTROMETRY DATA PROCESSING. In this work, a discussed and step-wise tutorial for LC-MS and GC-MS data processing using the open-access software MZMine2 is presented and discussed. The rationale behind each step was demonstrated to enable the readers to go through their own data and process it accordingly. The main lesson to be learned is that each parameter must be chosen in light of the raw data and no guidelines should suggest a predetermined value. Still, it is worth mentioning that ideal values for each parameter do not exist, and that the user might end up investing too much time futilely optimizing values. Our suggestion is to process your data in light of the raw data (and the study design) following the preview figure result and the resulting feature list generated in each processing step, interpret your data, and go back to process it again to tune the detection of important features.
Characteristics of embedded triple screw pump based on thermal-fluid-structure coupling
Authors: Zhu Bowen , Zhao Yongqiang , Hou Hongling , Li Zhehui
Published: November 2021

To accommodate special applications where installation space is limited and noise and vibration requirements are high, a new triple screw pump structure was proposed, which was integrated into a servo motor. The design optimizes the profile of the master and slave screws of the embedded triple screw pump. The temperature and pressure fields of the embedded triple screw pump, as well as the heat transfer and pressure distribution between the fluid in the pump and the screw, were investigated through a thermal-fluid-structure approach. The deformation and stresses of the screw were compared for three operating conditions: temperature loading, pressure loading, and thermal-fluid-structure coupling. The results show that the deformation and stresses in the screw tended to increase with increasing pressure and temperature and the pressure load caused more significant deformation and stresses in the screw than the temperature load. The screw deformation caused by pressure loading was found to be the main factor affecting the thermal-fluid-structure coupling. The screw deformation after coupling was smaller than the sum of the screw deformation caused by individual temperature and pressure loads, and the stress values were the same. The results indicate that the coupling action weakens the deformation and stresses in the master and slave screws.
Medicinal Herbs with Anti-Inflammatory Activities for Natural and Organic Healing
Authors: Shahrajabian Mohamad Hesam
Published: November 2021

One of the principal causes of different disorders is an uncontrolled inflammatory
response. Alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenolic, proanthocyanidin, terpenoid, and steroid compounds
are the main reasons for the anti-inflammatory activities of medicinal herbs and
plants. The current manuscript introduces a series of potential anti-inflammatory plants, particularly
those which are routines in Iranian and Chinese traditional herbal medicine, and simplifies
the function and mechanisms of natural constituents for the prevention and treatment of
inflammatory disorders. PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Wiley Online Library,
Springer, Taylor, Francis, etc., have been used to search for collecting of scientific publications
for a full evaluation of current documentation in the literature showing the importance of
medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory characteristics and natural medicines. The most notable
medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory activities are Baccharis dracunculifolia, Aconitum bulleyanum,
Crateya adansonii, Alliums spp., Centella asiatica, Flos lonicerae, Corydalis dubia, Syringae folium, Coptis chinensis,
Casearia decandra, Nigella sativa, Cannabis sativa, Tamarindus indica L., Glycyrrhiza glabra, Panax ginseng,
Panax notoginseng, Pistacia vera, Smilax china, Scutellaria baicalensis, Rosemarinus officinalis, Moringa olifera,
Pulsatilla radix, Pistacia atlantica, Rullia tuberose, Canarium album, Dodonaea polyandra, Forsythia suspense,
Polygala tenuifolia, Radiz Isatidis, Hypericum sampsonii, Geranium koreanum, Typha capensis, Isatidis folium,
Ginkgo biloba, Houttuynia cordata, snow lotus, etc. Herbal medicine mainly uses numerous parts of plants or combinations
of them to prevent and remedy diseases and promote health. More investigations and clinical experiments are
needed to provide more information on the importance of medicinal plants as well as their roles in the treatment and
prevention of inflammatory diseases.
miR-4295 Promotes the Malignant Progression of Gastric Cancer via
Targeting PTEN
Authors: Lei Xiaoyong , Gan Runliang , Yang Xiaoyan , Yang Jing , Tang Yunlian , Xie Zhizhong , Zhang Yang
Published: November 2021

Background:

Gastric cancer (GC), one of the common clinical malignant tumors of the
digestive system, is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second lethal cancer
worldwide and has the characteristics of high metastasis, fatality, and recurrence rate. This research
was conducted to investigate the role and mechanism of miR-4295 in gastric cancer.

Methods:

The expression capacity of miR-4295 was determined in gastric cancer tissues and its
normal tissues by qRT-PCR. PTEN expression level was detected by western blot. SGC-7901 and
MGC-803 cell lines were cultured and transfected with miR-4295 or its inhibitor. The effects of
miR-4295 on cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion in vitro were investigated.
The mutual effect between miR-4295 and PTEN in 293T cells was explored by luciferase reporter
gene assays.

Results:

The results showed that miR-4295 expression was higher in gastric cancer tissues and cell
lines, and the miR-4295 level was significantly negatively associated with the tumor size and distal
metastasis of gastric cancer. Notably, up-regulated miR-4295 promoted cell proliferation, migration
and invasion in vitro, whereas it led to contrary effects while down-regulating miR-4295 expression.
Further mechanism studies displayed that miR-4295 could directly fasten the PTEN
3’UTR and dramatically decrease the level of PTEN in vitro.

Conclusion:

The findings revealed that miR-4295 could promote gastric cancer cell proliferation,
migration and invasion, which might be attributed to targeting PTEN. Our study suggested that
miR-4295 might be a potential therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
A Study on Relationship of Hounsfield Units Value on Non-contrast Computer Tomography and Recanalization of Intravenous Thrombolysis
Authors: Wang Zhen , Song Kangping , Xu Wei , He Guohua , Feng Tieqiao , Liu Yan , Xu Guilan , Hu Jue , Wang Te , Xiao Hui , Tang Jiansheng , Zhou Junjie , Song Zhi
Published: November 2021

Objective:

The objective of this study is to determine whether the administration of intravenous
alteplase would be beneficial or futile to patients with acute ischemic stroke caused by
large vessel occlusion (LVO) before endovascular treatment (EVT) and determine the relationship
between Hounsfield units (HU) in non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) and recanalization
by alteplase.

Methods:

We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with acute ischemic stroke caused by
LVO who received intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) or followed by EVT at our center during
November 2016 and October 2020. The clinical characteristics and imaging features of patients
who achieved recanalization after IVT, and those who did not, were compared.

Results:

Forty-three eligible patients were enrolled; 12 achieved recanalization by IVT. Baseline
clinical characteristics did not differ between patients of the recanalization and non-recanalization
groups. HU in the NCCT were estimated and statistically significant maximum and mean values of
the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) were found between the groups (P< 0.05). The results
hint that patients in the non-recanalization group have a higher rHU and δHU value of the ipsilateral
MCA compared with recanalization group (P< 0.05). With regards to the receiver operator characteristic
(ROC) curve, we demonstrated that a high HU value of the ipsilateral MCA could be a
predictor for non-recanalization by IVT.

Conclusion:

Patients suffering LVO stroke are less likely to obtain recanalization by IVT with a
high HU value of the ipsilateral MCA. It is feasible to screen patients with LVO using HU for direct
EVT.
Review on Methods Used to Determine Antioxidant Activity of Origanum majorana
Authors: Tripathy Bimala , Mohapatra Gyanendra Narayan , Kumar B.V.V. Ravi , Chowdhury Bimalendu , Das Rajaram
Published: November 2021

Background:

The presence of free radicals in the human body is harmful, which may
induce many diseases like cardiovascular, diabetes, cancer, inflammation, neurodegenerative disorder,
atherosclerosis, cataract, etc. Antioxidants can balance the effect of free radicals. Antioxidant-
rich herbs have been identified for the preparation of drugs that can be administered to neutralize
the free radicals. In the present context, the selected medicinal plant is “Origanum majorana”
(Family- Lamiaceae) widely known as Marwa in the Indian sub-continent. As the medical
professionals show their desire towards composite or lateral treatment, the application of drugs
with herbal origin has gained its importance.

Objective:

This review presents various in vitro and in vivo methods used in the antioxidant activity
study of O. majorana and highlights its efficacy in reducing the oxidative stress.

Methods:

Many reliable sources like Research gate, PubMed, Science Direct, Google scholar,
Wiley online library, and books have been referred to collect all information regarding the antioxidant
activity of the selected plant.

Results:

Several methods have been used to determine the antioxidant activity of O. majorana,
such as superoxide radical scavenging, ferric ion reducing antioxidant potency, thiobarbituric acid
reactive substances, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, hydroxyl radical scavenging, lipid peroxidation
inhibition, etc. The selected plant contains many phytoconstituents such as gallic acid, ferulic
acid, apigenin, catechin, rutin, quercetin, luteolin, linolenic acid, β-sitosterol, and essential oils,
which may be responsible for antioxidant activity.

Conclusions:

The review article provides information for investigating and developing new antioxidant
methods and major phytoconstituents from O. majorana for better therapy of oxidative
stress-mediated complications.
The Influence of Wuzhi Capsule on the Pharmacokinetics of Cyclophosphamide
Authors: Chen Wanyi , Chen Lu , Ji Ning , Zhang Min
Published: November 2021

Background:

Cyclophosphamide is approved for the treatment of a variety of tumors,
yet the use of cyclophosphamide is limited by kidney and liver toxicity. In the clinic, the Wuzhi
capsule is approved to attenuate cyclophosphamide toxicity in the kidney and liver.

Objective:

We aimed to investigate the effects of the principal ingredients of Wuzhi capsule,
schisandrin A (SIA) and schisantherin A (STA), on the pharmacokinetics of cyclophosphamide.

Methods:

The essential pharmacokinetic data and physicochemical parameters of SIA, STA, and
cyclophosphamide were collected. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models of SIA,
STA, and cyclophosphamide were built in Simcyp Simulator and verified using published clinical
pharmacokinetic data. The verified PBPK models were used to predict potential herb-drug interactions
(HDIs) between cyclophosphamide and SIA and STA in cancer patients.

Results:

The area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) of cyclophosphamide was increased
by 18% and 1% when co-administered with STA and SIA at a single dose, respectively,
and increased by 301% and 29% when co-administered with STA and SIA at multiple doses, respectively.
The maximum concentration (Cmax) of cyclophosphamide was increased by 75% and
7% when co-administered with STA and SIA at multiple doses, respectively.

Conclusion:

The AUC and Cmax of cyclophosphamide were increased when cyclophosphamide was
combined with the Wuzhi capsule, compared to cyclophosphamide alone. Our study shows that the
adverse drug reactions and toxicity of cyclophosphamide should be closely monitored and an effective
dosage adjustment of cyclophosphamide may need to be considered when co-administered
with the Wuzhi capsule.
Molecular and Biochemical Pathways Encompassing Diabetes Mellitus
and Dementia
Authors: Behl Tapan , Arora Arpita , Sehgal Aayush , Singh Sukhbir , Sharma Neelam , Bhatia Saurabh , Al-Harrasi Ahmed , Bungau Simona , Mostafavi Ebrahim
Published: November 2021

Diabetes mellitus is a major metabolic disorder that has now emerged as an epidemic,
and it affects the brain through an array of pathways. Patients with diabetes mellitus can develop
pathological changes in the brain, which eventually take the shape of mild cognitive impairment,
which later progresses to Alzheimer’s disease. A number of preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated
this fact, and molecular pathways, such as amyloidogenesis, oxidative stress, inflammation,
and impaired insulin signaling, are found to be identical in diabetes mellitus and dementia.
However, the critical player involved in the vicious cycle of diabetes mellitus and dementia is insulin,
whose signaling, when impaired in diabetes mellitus (both type 1 and 2), leads to a decline in
cognition, although other pathways are also essential contributors. Moreover, it is not only the case
that patients with diabetes mellitus indicate cognitive decline at a later stage, but many patients
with Alzheimer’s disease also reflect symptoms of diabetes mellitus, thus creating a vicious cycle
inculcating a web of complex molecular mechanisms and hence categorizing Alzheimer’s disease
as ‘brain diabetes.’ Thus, it is practical to suggest that anti-diabetic drugs are beneficial in
Alzheimer’s disease. However, only smaller trials have showcased positive outcomes mainly because
of the late onset of therapy. Therefore, it is extremely important to develop more of such
molecules that target insulin in patients with dementia along with such methods that diagnose impaired
insulin signaling and the associated cognitive decline so that early therapy may be initiated
and the progression of the disease can be prevented.
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Photocatalytic Performance of Barium
Carbonate/Tin Dioxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Huang J.F. , Tao F.H. , Yu C.H. , Mao Y.J. , Xue Z.Y. , Wang M.C. , Fan C.G. , Pei L.Z.
Published: November 2021

Background:

Crystal violet dye is stable and difficult to be biodegraded owing to the existence
of the multiple aromatic rings of the crystal violet molecules. Removing crystal violet dye from
the wastewater is a major challenge.

Objective:

The aim of the research is to synthesize barium carbonate/tin dioxide nanoparticles and investigate
the photocatalytic performance for the degradation of crystal violet.

Methods:

Barium carbonate/tin dioxide nanoparticles were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal route
without any surfactants. The crystal structure, micro-morphology, size and optical performance of the
barium carbonate/tin dioxide nanoparticles were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning
electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and solid ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance
spectrum.

Results :

The size of the barium carbonate/tin dioxide nanoparticles is 20 nm to 200 nm with the band
gap of 3.71 eV. The photocatalytic activity of the barium carbonate/tin dioxide nanoparticles was
measured by the photocatalytic degradation of crystal violet. The crystal violet degradation efficiency
reaches 92.1% with the ultraviolet-visible irradiation time of 8 h using 10 mg barium carbonate/tin dioxide
nanoparticles. The crystal violet degradation ratio increases to 96.1% when the dosage of the barium
carbonate/tin dioxide nanoparticles increases to 20 mg/10 mL crystal violet dye solution. Active
species capture photocatalytic experiments showed that the holes, hydroxyl radicals and superoxide ion
radicals are the main active species. Reusability experiments displayed that the barium carbonate/tin
dioxide nanoparticles are stable for the crystal violet dye degradation.

Conclusion:

The barium carbonate/tin dioxide nanoparticles show good photocatalytic performance
toward crystal violet under ultraviolet light irradiation.