bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Poética de la creación y fundamento musical en la voz de Antonio Gamoneda a partir de su “mudanza” de los Cantos del rey Nezahualcóyotl
Authors: Aguirre Martínez Guillermo
Published: October 2022

El siguiente trabajo tiene por objeto acercarse a las “mudanzas” que Antonio Gamoneda realizó en 2016 a partir de una serie de cantos del rey-poeta Nezahualcóyotl. El objetivo es poner en relación su actividad traductora con un ejercicio de reanimación del verbo. El poeta, a modo de chamán, rescata del lenguaje su energía o, dicho de otro modo, lo dota de nueva vida como si de un organismo se tratase. Afín a este proceso queda la idea de un despertar las propiedades musicales de la voz, primer paso del traductor antes de fijar su forma definitiva. El recorrido realizado será articulado por medio de aspectos o conceptos clave como lo cultual, el pharmakon, la naturaleza del cantor o la dialéctica entre dos modelos de lenguaje.
El futuro de las ruinas: restos, suburbios industriales e incertidumbres temporales en Boca de lobo de Sergio Chejfec
Authors: Guerra Juan José
Published: October 2022

El propósito de este trabajo es analizar la “anatomía geográfica del urbanismo industrial” (Soja) en Boca de lobo, de Sergio Chejfec, novela cuyo escenario es el de un suburbio organizado alrededor de la fábrica. Entendemos que la configuración del paisaje industrial en la ficción depende de un imaginario de las ruinas. Asimismo, la multiplicación de signos ostensibles de deterioro se conjuga, a nuestro juicio, con un diálogo con tradiciones discursivas fuertes, principalmente el marxismo y el realismo social. Sostenemos que el trato con las ruinas en Boca de lobo propende a articular vestigios materiales con fragmentos textuales, y en tal sentido la construcción del espacio urbano se realiza tanto en relación con lo visto (ruinas materiales) como con lo leído (citas textuales). En suma, la novela construye un espacio urbano cuyos índices de referencialidad remiten a diferentes tiempos históricos y tradiciones textuales por medio de un montaje de temporalidades heterocrónicas.
Bondage of the Red Shoes and Its Feminist Reinterpretation: Andersen and Atwood
Authors:   The Korean Society For Teaching English Literature, Yoon Minwoo
Published: October 2022

It is already known that Hans Christian Andersen attempts to curb the womanly vanity for the red shoes by Protestant belief and Victorian social convention. The girl in his Red Shoes who covets the shoes is forced to dance forever and, in order to stop it, has to mutilate her feet. In the Victorian patriarchal society, the womanly duty to work for family strongly suppressed female desire for play, artistic expression, occupation. The so-called Red Shoes syndrome refers to the female psychology and behavior which represents that women take as their own the supposedly feminine vanity and vice, and thus internalize the guilty feeling and the resultant fear. When contemporary feminist writers addressed this syndrome, however, they had to radically revise it. This essay explores the prototype of the Red Shoes syndrome by Andersen and the reinterpretation of it by Margaret Atwood in her Lady Oracle. Aspects of the syndrome in Andersen and strategies to survive it in Atwood deserve a careful analysis. The feminist writers try to demonstrate that the female artistic spirit and desire for social ascent, related to the syndrome, turn out to have been a latent but hardly suppressible characteristic of womanhood over generations.
Aile Sağlığı Merkezi'ne Kayıtlı Evli Kadınların Aile Planlaması ve Üreme Sağlığı Tutumlarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: BULUT Seda , ŞOLT Ayça
Published: October 2022

Üreme sağlığı, kadınların hayatlarında ayrı bir öneme sahiptir. Doğurganlık işlevi kadını hem bedensel hem de ruhsal anlam da yıpratıp, kadınların genel sağlık düzeyini olumsuz olarak etkileyebilir. Bu çalışma Ocak 2021-Şubat 2022 tarihleri arasında Aile Sağlığı Merkezine başvuran 318 kadının üreme sağlığı ve aile planlaması tutumlarını değerlendirmek amacıyla tanımlayıcı kesitsel tipte yapılmıştır. Çalışmadaki veri toplama araçları olarak; araştırmacılar tarafından literatür doğrultusunda hazırlanan, sosyo-demografik özellikler ile üreme sağlığı alışkanlarını içeren sorulardan oluşan Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu, Üreme Sağlığı ve Aile Planlaması Tutum Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan kadınların yaş ortalamaları 39,09±9,40 olduğu saptanmıştır. Kadınların %58,5'nin ilk gebelik yaş aralığı 20-28 olarak bulunmuştur. Kadınların %86,8'i iç çamaşırını her gün değiştirdiğini, %47,5'i genital bölge temizliğini su ve tuvalet kâğıdı ile yaptığını, %58'i herhangi bir aile planlaması yöntemi kullanmadığını, %41,5'i aile planlaması yöntemleri hakkında bilgi sahibi olmadığını, %72'si kürtajı aile planlaması yöntemi olarak görmediğini, %32,1'i aile planlaması hakkındaki bilgiyi ebe ve hemşireden aldığını ifade etmiştir. Kadınların ölçekten aldıkları toplam puan ortalaması 3,86± 0,38'dir. Ölçeğin alt boyutları olan planlanmamış ve istenmeyen gebelikler ile gebeliğin sonlandırılması alt boyutunda alınan puan ortalaması 3,83± 0,35, cinsel yolla bulasan enfeksiyonlar alt boyutundan alınan puan ortalaması 3,96±0,52, kısırlık ve üremeye yardımcı tedavi yöntemleri alt boyutundan alınan puan ortalaması ise 3.77± 0,48 şeklindedir. Araştırma sonuçları doğrultusunda bölgede yaşayan evli kadınların üreme sağlığı ve aile planlaması hakkında eğitim ve desteğe ihtiyaçları olduğu saptanmıştır.
Reducing possibly synthetic fungicide input by using vigor thresholded NDVI as early risk indicator of Botrytis bunch rot in vineyards
Authors: Fermaud Marc , Pañitrur-De la Fuente Carolina , Roudet Jean , Verdugo-Vásquez Nicolás , Herrera Défaz Mario , Goutouly Jean Pascal , Acevedo-Opazo César , Valdés-Gómez Héctor
Published: October 2022

Botrytis bunch rot (BBR) is a major disease occurring in vineyards worldwide. Its control, still largely based on synthetic fungicide sprayings at pre-determined intervals, often leads to residues in grapes and wines that may negatively affect the environment and/or human health. To rationalise BBR management, early disease risk indicators were developed and evaluated in field experiments carried out between 2010 and 2019 in both France and Chile.
Réseau ARBRE - Mieux intégrer les enjeux de biodiversité dans les exploitations agricoles : intérêt d’un accompagnement à plusieurs voix
Authors: PITHON-RIVALLAIN Joséphine , BÉCOT Ambroise , BEAUMONT Nicolas , DURAND Olivier
Published: October 2022

En Maine-et-Loire, un partenariat Chambre d’agriculture, Fédération de chasse, Centre permanent d’initiative pour l’environnement, École supérieure d’agricultures et Conseil départemental agit depuis plus de dix ans en faveur d’une meilleure conciliation entre production agricole et préservation de la biodiversité. Unique en France, le réseau ARBRE (Agriculteurs respectueux de la biodiversité et des richesses de l’environnement) réunit des agriculteurs volontaires pour intégrer la biodiversité dans le fonctionnement de leur exploitation par la conservation, l’aménagement et la gestion des habitats. À travers plusieurs témoignages des acteurs partenaires, cet article présente les clefs de réussite de ce réseau qui fédère aujourd’hui cent-soixante-cinq exploitations agricoles réparties sur tout le département.
Réseau ARBRE - Mieux intégrer les enjeux de biodiversité dans les exploitations agricoles du Maine-et-Loire : témoignages
Authors: BÉCOT Ambroise , HENRION Thibaut , PINEAU Pascal , COLINEAU Denis , ARBEILLE Sabine
Published: October 2022

Préserver les habitats et les espèces, favoriser les auxiliaires et réduire l’usage de pesticides, préserver et dynamiser la vie du sol, répondre aux enjeux de territoire et à la demande sociale... Comment les infrastructures agroécologiques mises en œuvre dans les exploitations agricoles peuvent t’elles répondre à ces enjeux ? En Maine-et-Loire, trois exploitants du réseau ARBRE (Agriculteurs respectueux de la biodiversité et des richesses de l’environnement) témoignent de leur engagement pour mieux préserver les sols et l’environnement et intégrer la biodiversité dans le fonctionnement de leur exploitation.
SPOTIFY: mediadores de escuta e arranjos algorítmicos
Authors: Girardi Júnior Liráucio , Ribeiro Heitor
Published: October 2022

Este ensaio desenvolve uma breve história das práticas de produção e da fruição no processo de plataformização da experiência musical e procura entender como os novos ambientes digitais alteram as condições de experiência com a música no mundo contemporâneo. O foco da análise é a plataforma digital de streaming Spotify, como mediador de escuta, no contexto de transformações trazidas pelos modos de registro, distribuição e consumo de música por meio de plataformas digitais – e seus complexos processos de dataficação e orientação pela lógica algorítmica. O ensaio pretende apresentar os momentos iniciais desse processo, a partir da construção de um modelo de negócio, baseado na experiência de captura da atenção, na curadoria humana e algorítmica que orienta a fruição musical no Spotify.
Identification of Internal and External Factors as Basic for Business Strategic of Rasa Gadung Cassava Chips Smes in Pemalang Regency
Authors: Situmorang Sawitania Christiany Dwi Utami Boru , Wijayanti Irene Kartika Eka
Published: October 2022

Cassava is the third most popular stapple food crop after rice and corn in Indonesia. One of the advantages of cassava that makes this commodity much in demand by national farmers is its ability to produce a variety of downstreaming products, one of which is cassava chips. Rasa Gadung Cassava Chips’ SMEs is one of the cassava processing industry units located in Pemalang Regency so that cassava processing training is always used as the second priority agenda in the local government working plan. However, Rasa Gadung Cassava Chips’ SMEs is not able to keep up with existing developments and is underdeveloped. Even so, this SMEs is still standing in the midst of a pandemic. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the internal and external factors owned by the Rasa Gadung Cassava Chips’ SMEs. This research was analyzed with a descriptive qualitative method. The selection of respondents was carried out purposively using the judgmental sampling method. The data used are data on internal factors (strengths and weaknesses) and data on external factors (opportunities and challenges) for the last 10 (ten) years. The result showed that Rasa Gadung Cassava Chips’ SMEs have 11 (eleven) internal factors and 14 (fourteen) external factors that can be managed in future research using the IFAS-EFAS matrix.
Added Value of Crystal Coconut Sugar in Women Farmers Group Tetes Mancung Cilongok District Banyumas Regency
Authors: Satriani Ratna , Pramono Taufik Budhi
Published: October 2022

KWT Tetes Mancung is one of the women's groups that produce crystal coconut sugar. An effort to obtain maximum profit is largely determined by the management and combination of factors of production that are used appropriately. Increasing the added value of a product can provide benefits for business actors. The process of producing coconut sap into crystal coconut sugar is able to increase the selling price of crystal coconut sugar so that the group's income also increases. This study aims to: (1) determine the characteristics of the craftsmen, and (2) determine the added value of crystalline coconut sugar. Data collection was carried out on March 1 to March 31, 2021. The research method used was the case study method. The analytical tools used are descriptive analysis and added value analysis.

The results showed that: 1) the characteristics of crystal coconut sugar craftsmen in KWT from the level of education as much as 42 % had basic education (SD), the number of dependents of the family was 2-4 people, the average craftsman experience was 7-10 years and the average coconut tree which tapped 22 trees. 2) the added value of coconut sap which is processed into crystal coconut sugar is Rp 5,159,00 or 35.97 percent.
Utilization of Nanocellulose Fiber from Tapioca Industrial Solid Waste as a Bioplastic Filling Material
Authors: Wicaksono Rumpoko , Wijayanti Nur
Published: October 2022

This study aims to examine the properties of nanocellulose fibers produced from cassava through the acid hydrolysis process, as well as their potential use as a filler for bioplastics based on cassava starch (tapioca). The treatment of this research was acid hydrolysis process time consisting of 15 and 30 minutes and the use of nanocellulose fiber as a filler for bioplastics as much as 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3% w/w starch. The results of this study indicate that the diameter of the nanocellulose fibers produced is about 18-40 nm, good dispersion stability, the crystallinity index of the nanocellulose fibers produced by acid hydrolysis for 15 and 30 minutes are 39.7% and 31.2%, respectively. The addition of nanocellulose fibers can increase the tensile strength, but decrease its elongation ability.
Evaluation of the Nutritive Values of Carica Papaya Fruit peels as A Potential Ingredient in Livestock Nutrition
Authors: Akintunde Adeyinka Oye , Kolu Pokpah , Akintunde Ibukunoluwa Adenike , Adewole Samuel Adegoke , Akinboye Olufunso Emmanuel , Afodu Osagie John , Ndubuisi-Ogbonna Lois Chidinma , Shobo Bolatito Adenike
Published: October 2022

The nutritive values of the peels of ripe and unripe fruits of Carica papaya were assessed for their potential in livestock production. Proximate and phytochemical analyses, as well as vitamins and mineral contents of the ingredients, were determined. Data were subjected to a t-test for statistical analysis. The crude protein (CP) of ripe and unripe Carica papaya peels were 3.50% and 10.30%. The ripe Carica papaya peels had 26.20%, 3.05%, 15.03%, 3.71%, 52.22%, 2.44%, and 1,060.09Kcal/Kg of crude fiber, crude fat, ash content, moisture, carbohydrate, fatty acid, and energy respectively while the unripe Carica papaya peels contained 27.10%, 22.30%, 13.30%, 4.15%, 27.00%, 17.84% and 1,459.20Kcal/Kg of crude fiber, crude fat, ash content, carbohydrate, fatty acid, and energy respectively. The ripe Carica papaya peels had significantly higher (p<0.05) values for calcium (0.39%), potassium (0.40%) and iron (570mg/Kg). The ripe Carica papaya peels had significantly higher (p<0.05) values of saponin (9.69mg/100g) while the unripe peels had significantly higher values (p<0.05) for alkaloid (6.44mg/100g), hydrogen cyanide (0.57mg/100g) and tannin (86.90mg/100g. Ripe Carica papaya peels having significantly higher (p<0.05) values for vitamin B1 (1.67mg/100g) and vitamin B6 (1.80mg/100g) while the unripe Carica papaya peels had significantly higher (p<0.05) values for vitamin A (3360IU/Kg), vitamins B2 (0.45mg/100g), B3 (3.25mg/100g), B12 (0.92mg/100g) and C (9.78mg/100g). It is concluded that these products offer a good source of basic vitamins and minerals and hold potential for therapeutic use in livestock nutrition. Therefore, the inclusion of these ingredients should be encouraged in livestock production, especially in the industry of monogastric animals.
Analysis of Dairy Farmers Cooperative Partnership and Participation toward Cooperative Performance to Increase Farmer's Income
Authors: Hadiani Dimas Pratidina Puriastuti , Ihsan Muhammad Nur , Surjowardojo Puguh , Nugroho Bambang Ali
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze the direct and indirect effect of cooperative partnerships,farmer participation and cooperative performance on farmer’s income. This research method was carried outby distributing questionnaires to 164 farmers as research respondents in Kemiri village who were activemembers of the Agroniaga Cooperative Jabung. The research variables were X1 (cooperative partnership), X2(farmers participation), Y1 (cooperative performance), Y2 (farmer's income). The data obtained were analyzedby path analysis using SPSS. The results show that 1) cooperative partnerships have a significant effect directlyon the cooperative performance at 0.533, 2) farmer participation has a significant effect directly on thecooperative performance at 0.362, 3) the cooperative partnership has a significant effect directly on the incomeof farmers at 0.341, 4) farmer participation has a significant effect directly on the income of farmers at 0.426, 5)cooperative performance has a significant effect directly on the income of farmers at 0.180, 6) cooperativepartnership has no significant effect indirectly on the income of farmers through the cooperative performanceat 0.096, 7) farmer participation has no significant effect indirectly on farmer income through cooperativeperformance at 0.18. This study concludes that 1) cooperative partnerships and farmer participation havesignificant effect directly on the cooperative performance, 2) cooperative partnerships, farmer participation,and cooperative performance have a significant effect directly on farmers' incomes, 3) cooperative partnershipsand farmer participation have no significant effect indirectly on farmer income through cooperativeperformance.
Feast of skinks for Nankeen Kestrels Falco cenchroides breeding on a bird-friendly farm
Authors: Stewart Hugh
Published: October 2022

Nankeen Kestrels Falco cenchroides raised three fledglings each year from 2018 to 2020 in nests in hollows of remnant eucalypts on a farm near Deans Marsh in southern Victoria. Observations were made each year of the adults feeding the chicks during foraging sessions, enabling the prey items and estimated feeding and hunting rates to be assessed. Skinks (Scincidae) formed a substantial proportion of the prey items delivered to the chicks. The delivery rate of prey by the male feeding a brood of three—6.0 items/h in 2018 and 2019, and 11.2 items/h in 2020 over 1.2 h—was at the high end of rates previously reported in which vertebrates made up the bulk of the prey. The breeding success of the Kestrels at the study site (three fledglings per nest) was at the high end of results of studies elsewhere in Australia (1–4 fledglings per nest started). Farming practices on this property have been designed to encourage wildlife including skinks, and this might have contributed to the high breeding success of the Kestrels.
Application of Local Gauge Theory to Fluid Mechanics - Part 2 Example: Basic Model of Tollmien-Schlichting Waves and Analytical Solution
Authors: Merz Thomas
Published: October 2022

The gauge field equation for fluid mechanics established in Part 1 is developed into a first-order scattering theory in the simplified case of a two-dimensional incompressible flow over a flat plate. This is used to present a model for the origin of Tollmien-Schlichting (TS) waves based on scattering between fluid particles. As a result, analytical formulae for the maximum amplification factor and the transition point from laminar to turbulent flow in the boundary layer are obtained. The mathematical transformations from the stationary field equations in Part 1 to a scattering theory with time evolution along the flow axis using Wick rotation are elaborated in detail.
Adversarial Artificial Intelligence in Insurance: From an Example to Some Potential Remedies
Authors: Ameridad Behnaz , Cattaneo Matteo , Kenett Ron , Luciano Elisa
Published: October 2022

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a tool that financial intermediaries and insurance companies use in most cases or are willing to use it in almost all their activities. AI can have a positive impact on almost all aspects of the insurance value chain.: pricing, underwriting, marketing, claims management, after-sales services. While it is very important and useful, AI is not free of risks, including its robustness against cyber-attacks and so-called adversarial attacks. Adversarial attacks are conducted by external entities to misguide and defraud the AI algorithms. The paper is designed to provide a review of adversarial AI and discuss its implications for the insurance sector. The study starts with a taxonomy of adversarial attacks and presents a fully-fledged example of claims falsification in health insurance. Some remedies, consistent with the current regulatory framework, are presented.
An Approach for Vigilance Assessment using Hidden Markov Model
Authors: Wang Hanyu , Chen Dengkai , Qiao Yidan , Xiao Jianghao , Zhang Yahan , Huang Yuexin , Xie Ning
Published: October 2022

Purpose: To construct a hidden Markov model (HMM) for vigilance assessment to improve the real-time performance and accuracy of current vigilance measurement. Methods: ECG signal was collected by sensors, while the noise and baseline drift was eliminated from the original ECG signal. 10 volunteers were randomly selected. Their heart rate variability (HRV) were measured and trained parameters of the modified Hidden Markov model for vigilance assessment. Then, these data were collected to optimize using the Baum-Welch algorithm and obtained the state transition probability matrix A ̂ and the observation probability matrix B ̂. Finally, the data of three volunteers with different transition patterns of mental state were selected randomly and used the Viterbi algorithm to find the optimal state, which compared with the actual state. Results: The constructed vigilance assessment model had a high accuracy rate the accuracy rate of data prediction for these three volunteers exceeded 80%. Conclusion: The Hidden Markov model for vigilance assessment can accurately predict the vigilance level and indicate broad application prospects.
Symmetry (Asymmetry) of the Molar Excess Gibbs Free Energy Function of The Binary Mixed Micelles of Bile Acid Anion and Classical Cationic Surfactant: Influence of Sterically Shielded and Sterically Unshielded Polar Groups of The Steroid Skeleton
Authors: Poša Mihalj
Published: October 2022

Binary mixtures of surfactants build a binary mixed micelle in which the ratio of surfactants usually differs from the initial ratio of surfactants in their binary mixture. The thermodynamic stabilization of the binary mixed micellar pseudophase about the hypothetical ideal state (intermolecular interactions between the different particles and the conformational states of the particles are identical to those of monocomponent states) is described by the molar excess Gibbs free energy (gE). The dependence of gE on the molar fraction of surfactant i (xi) from the binary mixed micelle can be described by a symmetric function (symmetry is described to the line parallel to the y-axis and passes through xi = 0.5) or by an asymmetric function. Theoretical analysis (canonical partition function, conformational analysis) examines how the presence of different polar functional groups, some of which are sterically shielded from the steroid skeleton of bile salt (surfactant), affect the symmetry of the function gE of the binary mixed micelle of the cholic acid anion (bile salt) and classical cationic surfactant (hydrophobic tail and polar head). Suppose the steroid skeleton of the bile salt contains non-sterically shielded polar groups (or the temperature is relatively high). In that case, gE is a symmetric function. At the same time, if the steroid skeleton also contains sterically shielded polar groups, then the gE function is asymmetric.
Aerobic Rice (Cv. MRIA) Differs Temporarily by Environmental Stress during Seed Development and Maturation
Authors: Abdul Rahman Siti maslizah , Ibrahim Afiqah , Yon Noor ‘Ayunis Che , Mohamad Fauzi Aiman Hanafi , Amirullah Nurulnathasa , Aani Siti Nur Anisah , Sinniah Uma Rani
Published: October 2022

Drought and high temperature often occur simultaneously will eventually affect rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield and seed quality. The objective of the study was to compare the effects of high temperature (HT) and water limitation (WL) during seed development and maturation on yield component, seed quality, and amylose content in aerobic rice cv. MRIA. Two experiments were conducted concurrently in greenhouse with ⁓35/26℃ subjected to elevated HT and/or WL; 5 days 38/28°C at 10, 15, 29 DAA and/or HT; 7 days at 40/28℃ at 8 and 21 DAA with 12h photoperiod in control environment growth chamber. Both experiments were respectively harvested at physiological maturity of 31 and 35 DAA. Grain yielded from the irrigated plant declined from over 27% to below 18% between 15 and 29 DAA. Combination stresses resulted in greater reduction of grain yield than single stress. Late seed development (29 DAA) had no effect either on yield component or seed quality as well as produce a high concentration in amylase content (16.7%) with greater germination capacity (91%). The non-stress plant harvested at 21 DAA resulted the highest percentage of germinated seeds (97%) whereas the vigour index (VI) was reduced to 70.3% and 58.9% at 8 and 21 DAA respectively. Extended plant stress to 7 consecutive days incurred the highest VI with low concentration of amylose content. There was a linear relationship incurred between seed amylase content with germination capacity and VI, however, there was an inverse relationship (R2 = 0.19) between amylase content with VI from plant treated with (HT and/or WL) for 7 days. The present results confirmed that the avoidance HT and WL during early (10 DAA) and mid (15 DAA) seed development with short duration of stress (5 days) obtained better in yield component, enhanced the seed quality and amylose concentration. The combined HT and WL damaged seeds’ quality were more than each stress alone. Therefore, avoiding HT and WL can be practically applied by farmers by irrigating throughout the rice plant during histodifferentiation to save water usage during seed maturation.
Health Risk Assessment of Dermal Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from the Use of Infant Diapers
Authors: Bernard Alfred , Vincent Dudler
Published: October 2022

In September 2021, the European Chemicals Agency evaluated a dossier for restricting polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in infant diapers and concluded that risks were not demonstrat-ed because of inconclusive exposure data. To fill this gap, we measured the 16 priority PAHs of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in the diaper core of four brands and in the sheets and fastening tapes of six brands of commercially available diapers. Health risks were conservatively assessed by assuming that dermally absorbed PAHs can cause both local (skin cancer) and sys-temic critical effects (neurobehavioral changes). Total concentrations of PAHs in diaper core and top sheet, the only significant contributors to skin exposure, averaged 34.5 μg/kg and 66.8 μg/kg, respectively. Excess skin cancer risks and hazard quotients for neurobehavioral effects calculated with the daily dose of total PAHs from combined diaper core and top sheet averaged 1.4 x 10-7 and 1.19 x 10-2, respectively. The median daily dose of total PAHs and of its ben-zo[a]pyrene-equivalent from breast milk estimated worldwide are 171 and 30 times greater than that from combined diaper core and top sheet, respectively. Altogether these findings indicate that trace levels of PAHs found in infant diapers are unlikely to pose health risks.
A CNT Toughened Strategy Used for In-Situ Repair of Aircraft Composite Structure
Authors: Yang Tengfei , Liu Bin , Xu Fei , Wang Bo , Wu Cheng-Wei
Published: October 2022

This study aims to develop an in-situ field repair approach, special for aircraft composite structures, to enhance the interlaminar toughness of plain woven composites (PWCs) by adding multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). MWCNTs are dispersed at each interface between prepreg layers by means of solvent spraying with the density is 1.58 g/m2. And then, the layers are stacked with the predefined sequence and cured at 120℃ and 1 bar pressure using the heat repairing instrument. Moreover, double cantilever beam (DCB) standard test is used to investigate the interlaminar toughening effect due to the MWCNTs. For comparison, original samples are also prepared, the results indicate that the introduction of MWCNTs can favorably enhance the interlaminar toughness of PWCs at field repair approach and the Mode I fracture energy release rate GIC increases by 102.92%. Based on finite element method (FEM) of continuum damage mechanics, the original and MWCNTs toughening specimen under DCB Mode I fracture are modeled and analyzed. The simulation and experiment are in good agreement. Finally, the toughening mechanism of MWCNTs is explored by scanning electron microscope (SEM), it is founded that a large amount of Fiber-matrix (F-M) interface debonding and matrix cracking of mountain shape are the major modes of fracture accompanied with few fiber breakage and matrix peeling off for the MWCNTs toughening specimens.
A South African Epidemiological Study of Fatal Drownings: 2016 – 2021
Authors: Fortuin Jill , Karangwa Innocent , Mahlalela Nongcebo , Robertson Cleeve
Published: October 2022

Drowning is a serious public health concern. Low middle income countries are mostly affected, as they carry 90% of the global drowning burden. The purpose of this epidemiological study is to provide a comprehensive overview of fatal drownings in South Africa between 2016 and 2021. The data used for the study was obtained from the South African Police Service. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise data. Statistical analysis included a t-test and chi-square test. The results indicate that the average fatal drownings per annum is 1477 in South Africa, with a drowning rate of 2.54 per 100 000 population from 2016 - 2021. The KwaZulu-Natal province had the highest incidence of drowning. The 0 – 4-year category has a high prevalence of drowning amongst all the age categories. More males drowned in South Africa compared to females. The study highlights key areas of concern these include age, sex, race, province, type of water body and time of day. This information is crucial to inform drowning prevention initiatives in South Africa.
Correlation between Individual Dietary Diversity Score and Nutrients Adequacy Ratio in the Rural Community
Authors: Kumar Indresh , Gautam Madhulika
Published: October 2022

Dietary diversity indicators can serve as a proxy for diet quality and some have shown an association with nutrient adequacy at the individual level; it is positively correlated with indicators of micronutrients adequacy in several types of study. The main objective of the study is to examine the nutrient adequacy ratio and its relationship with the individual dietary diversity score in the rural area of Uttar Pradesh, India. The relationship between individual dietary diversity score and nutrient adequacy was assessed with and without the minimum quantity food groups intake restriction. Data was collected through the 24 hours dietary recall schedule and dietary diversity questionnaire by applying of 24 hours recall method in the randomly selected 491 individuals. Individual dietary diversity score measured by the nine food groups system, suggested by Food and Agriculture Organization, US. An analysis of the relationship with sixteen nutrients was assessed through the MS excel data analysis functions. Iron and niacin intake had a positive and moderate correlation with individual dietary diversity scores and a weak positive correlation with calcium, thiamine, riboflavin, vitamin-A, potassium, zinc, protein, vitamin-C, folates were found with no minimum quantity intake of the food groups. A negative correlation between sodium, phosphorus, and magnesium intake; there was no correlation noted with fat and energy. After fixing the minimum intake quantity of the food groups, the relationship between the dietary diversity score and the nutritional accuracy was strengthened; the association of iron and niacin with IDDS (Individual Dietary Diversity Score) was shown to be strong after applying minimum 15 grams intake quantity of the food groups.
Optimization of Ingredients for Preparation of Turmeric Milk
Authors: B. Pushpalatha , Jabeen N. M. , Chaudhary M. B. , Rao K. Jayaraj
Published: October 2022

Milk, being a good source of proteins, fat, lactose and minerals, is considered a near complete food, especially for infants and children. It is also being treated as a medium to carry health beneficial compounds like vitamins, essential fatty acids, amino acids and phytochemicals whose incorporation fortifies the value of milk. Turmeric is one of the phytochemicals long used in milk which is considered as health drink. In this study, amount of turmeric incorporation, sugar level, fat and SNF (Solid non Fat) level of milk were optimized to get an acceptable quality of turmeric milk. Further, the acceptance of the milk was enhanced by incorporation of cardamom powder. A formulation of turmeric milk was optimized by studying the effects of different levels of these ingredients on the sensory quality and viscosity of turmeric milk. The developed milk had a pleasing yellow colour with added cardamom flavor and a good consistency. This formula can be utilized by dairies to produce turmeric milk and marketed as a health drink for the benefit of consumers.
Digitalisation of Medical Nutrition Therapy during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: George Manju P. , C. A. Kalpana
Published: October 2022

Nutrition and clinical dietetic services provide evidence-based support which has become essential for maintaining healthy lifestyle and avoiding malnutrition among population. National health with digital technology integration is gaining importance in the current COVID-19 pandemic scenario. Digital health technologies offer valuable means for community to create and share information about healthcare. Measurement of food intake, energy expenditure and constant interaction in the form of personalized information has been offered by digital nutrition platforms. A 3 month study was conducted to assess the preferences of hand-held device users towards means of diet consultation using digital media when compared to traditional diet consultation methods, seeking options to develop Artificial Intelligence (AI) integrated cloud based digital health solution. It involved a Google survey using the digital platform, WhatsApp and Face book channels. Of the different criteria offered, diet consultation using smart phones scored the maximum (84.1%, n=1062) which were taken as the supportive data to develop the digital diet consultation application for hand-held device users for personalized nutrition / diet consultation support. Along with that, secondary data analysis of people choosing digital diet consultation for a period of 16 months had been observed and an increasing trend towards the same was found out. COVID-19 has brought the benefit of being able to utilize digital solutions to nutrition practice, rather than those being options for ‘add on’.
Performance of Weaner Rabbits under Prevailing Feeding Systems in Kiambu County, Kenya
Authors: Cherwon Abraham Kipchumba , Gachuiri Charles Karuku
Published: October 2022

Despite the recent upsurge of interest in rabbit farming in Kenya, there is inadequate information on both on-farm performance and cost of production which are important in determining the profitability of the enterprise. This study assessed these 2 parameters in 6 rabbit farms in Kiambu County. In each farm, 40 weaners were monitored to determine their feed intake, weight gain, the time to reach 2 kg body weight and the cost per weight gain. The type, quantity, quality and cost of feeds offered was monitored. The key determinant of the type of feed offered to rabbits was availability rather than quality. None of the offered feeds singly provided all the required nutrients in the amount for growing rabbits. Forages on offer were low in Crude Protein (CP) content (average, 12.6% vs. recommended 16-17%) while commercial concentrates were low in fibre content (average, 9.2% vs. recommended, 15-16%). On average, a weaner attained 2 kg body weight at 18 (range, 16-19) weeks after consuming 6.6 (range, 5.5-8.1) kg DM, 874.9±163.6 (range, 761-962.2) g of CP and 14723±1868.7 (range, 11535-17643) Kcal of digestible energy with a feed conversion ratio of 6.3±0.7 (range, 5.6-7). Feed cost per unit weight gain averaged KES 164.5 (range, 135.3 -234.4) while the production cost per kg weight gain was KES 280.2. The study concluded that rabbits at the farm level received inadequate energy and protein leading to slow growth rates, delayed attainment of target weight and a high cost of production making the enterprise unprofitable. There is need to evaluate feeding of rabbits with an aim to providing balanced diets to gain body weight and to optimize performance and consequently improved profitability.
Magnitude of Anemia Vis-a-Vis Nutrition Knowledge Status (NKS), Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) and Body Mass Index for Age (BAZ) Score of School-Going Adolescent Girls at Border-Belt of Indian Punjab
Authors: Dhillon Piverjeet Kaur , Kumar Balwinder
Published: October 2022

Anemia is major deficiency disorder among women of every age in developing countries attributed to diverse array of factors. The present study aimed at assessing magnitude of anemia and its association with nutrition knowledge, dietary diversity and Body Mass Index z scores. Hence, a cross-sectional study was conducted at Government School, Harike Pattan, District Tarn Taran, a rural area of border-belt of Indian Punjab. A total number of 32 adolescent girls, were randomly selected from 9th to 12th standard. Adolescent girls were assessed for their hemoglobin level by cyanmethaemoglobin method. Nutrition knowledge of adolescent girls was appraised via incorporating a questionnaire containing multiple choice questions. Assessment of their dietary lifestyle was completed through recording Dietary Diversity Score (DDS), frequency of major meals and food combinations. Results showed that mild, moderate and severe anemia was present among 28, 59 and 13 per cent adolescent girls, respectively. Low mean hemoglobin level (9.9 g/dl) was significantly (p< 0.05) associated with poor NKS, DDS, skipping of major meals, higher frequency of faulty food combination and lower practice of good food combination among adolescent girls. Further, it was observed that 65.6 per cent of total adolescent girls had abnormal BAZ score ranging from <-2SD to >+2SD (i.e. moderate thinness to obese), which represented a disproportion in age-specific anthropometric measurements. In view of above figures, it is strongly recommended that nutrition knowledge of adolescent girls with regard to dietary diversification and appropriate food combinations should be strengthened at school level so as to ensure normal hemoglobin level.
Effect of Various Drying Techniques on Physical Properties and Nutritional Composition of Banana Flour
Authors: Rajamahendravarapu Krishnaveni , T Vyshnavi , A Lavanya , Venkataseshamamba B. Sunitha , Mummaleti Gopinath
Published: October 2022

The present study was carried out to evaluate the physical and nutritional properties of banana flour made using various drying techniques. The techniques such as sun, oven, fluidized bed and osmotic drying techniques were used in preparing banana flour. The study revealed that the bulk density of banana flour was 0.66 ± 0.01. The banana flour produced through solar drying was observed to have higher solubility of 9.3 % and the banana flour produced by osmotic drying exhibited lower solubility compared to other samples. The low moisture content of banana flour reveals that the product was shelf-stable and can be stored for longer time. The phenolic compounds were present in banana flour with good antioxidant capacity helps in protecting organs of the body. The banana flour can be a best alternative to wheat flour and gluten free products can be made and also a best natural functional ingredient that can be used in various food products as a thickener.
Prevalence of Serum Cobalamin and Serum Folate Deficiency with Associated Risk Factors among Children Aged 0 to 19 Years in India – A Review
Authors: Khanam Areeba , Gupta Surbhi , Singh Neha , Vohra Kashish , Yadav Kapil
Published: October 2022

Anemia is broadly caused by nutritional and non-nutritional factors. Deficiency of cobalamin and folate are one of the causes of anemia and hence are of public health significance among 0 to 19 years old children in India. These deficiencies either alone or together may cause megaloblastic anemia, poor cognitive and motor development and stunting amongst children. To estimate the prevalence of serum cobalamin and serum folate with associated risk factors among children aged 0 to 19 years in India through various published studies. This review literature search was carried out using internet search engine namely PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane, Research gate using the term of cobalamin, vitamin B12, folate, children, deficiency and India from January 1st 2011 to June 30th 2021. Of the 252 research articles identified, 13 articles meeting the inclusion criteria (community based, cross sectional studies) were included and 5 articles among 0 to 5 years, 8 articles among 6 to 19 years reported the prevalence of cobalamin and folate deficiency. The prevalence of cobalamin deficiency ranged from 7 to 74% and prevalence of folate deficiency ranged from 1.5 to 40.2% among children aged 0 to 19 years. Most common associated risk factor identified was inadequacy of the diet and consumption of only vegetarian diet. Cobalamin and folate deficiency are of significant public health importance in age group 0 to 19 years in India. The deficiency varied across region and by contributing factors. Dietary diversification and promoting animal source of foods amongst children should be promoted to address cobalamin and folate deficiency.
Development and Evaluation of Sorghum and Little Millet Based Ladoo
Authors: P Joseph Raju , Waghray Kavita
Published: October 2022

Millets are called Nutri-cereals which are nutritionally superior when compared to that of staple cereals like rice and wheat and have numerous health benefits in improving the overall health of consumers. In spite of their multiple health benefits, millets are only consumed by people who are of low income group. The present study was done to develop and analyse the nutritional value, physiochemical properties and shelf life studies of millet ladoo as readymade snack which is developed through standardization process by blending the major millet i.e Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and minor millet i.e. Little millet (Panicum sumatrense), Tamarind kernel powder (Tamarindus indica), Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum), Bengal gram flour (chick pea) ghee and palm jaggery powder. Millet ladoo that was highly accepted by thirty semi-trained panel members through nine point hedonic scale by formulating sorghum, little millet and other ingredients showed total carbohydrates, protein, fat and fibre about 55.68, 7.54, 20.2 and 2.88% respectively. The sensory evaluation of the acceptable ladoo revealed that the texture, appearance, color, aroma, taste and all quality parameters were in acceptable range during storage. The product shelf life was found to be 30 days with addition of preservative i.e. food grade potassium sorbate followed by packaging of millet ladoo by using polyethylene terephthalate tray as primary packaging material and multilayer plastic laminate pouch as a secondary packaging material. The shelf life of millet ladoo was 15 days without addition of preservative when packed in polyethylene terphthalate tray that was placed in multilayer plastic laminate pouch at room temperature. The sensory parameters of millet ladoo packed in polyethylene terphthalate tray without multilayer plastic laminate pouch was not acceptable for further studies. The work done was an attempt to develop value added products of major and minor millets and increase consumption of millet products for better nutrition of consumers.
Formulation and Evaluation of Nutritional and Bioactive Compounds in a Probiotic Beverage Containing Ulva Lactuca
Authors: Karishma Yadav, G.  , S Kowsalya
Published: October 2022

Edible seaweeds are marine algae and are an active part of various cuisines all over the world. These under-exploited food sources are known as a reserve of micronutrients and bioactive compounds of biological importance. Regarding food production, there is an increasing interest in developing novel functional foods which cater to multi-faceted health benefits and are easily accessible to people. The aim of this study was to formulate and standardise the probiotic beverages with Ulva lactuca and assess the nutritional and bioactive compounds present in the probiotic beverage containing seaweed Ulva lactuca. Whey extracted from cow’s milk was the natural source of lactic acid bacteria. Nutritional composition, mineral content, total phenolics, flavonoids and DPPH inhibition activity were estimated, along with sensory evaluation using 9-point hedonic scale rating. The novel probiotic beverage exhibited significant iron content (12.8±0.07 mg/100 ml), which is approximately one-third of RDA suggested by ICMR (2020). Hence, it is considered as a potential supplement for mild to moderate Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA) for women of reproductive age (18-27 years). Substantial amount of phytocehmicals like phenols, flavonoids and antioxidants were reported per 10 ml of beverage, affirming it to be a good source of nutritional components.
Workplace Violence Against Adolescents, Uganda, 2014–2019
Authors: Knight Louise , Kiss Ligia , Kyamulabi Agnes , Kasalirwe Fred , Allen Elizabeth , Datzberger Simone , Walakira Eddy , Parkes Jenny , Naker Dipak , Devries Karen , Tanton Clare
Published: October 2022

Objectives. To describe the prevalence of and risk factors for workplace violence among Ugandan adolescents.

Methods. The analysis focused on adolescents recruited at primary schools who participated in the endline survey of a trial in 2014 (at ages 11–14 years) and were followed up in 2018–2019 (at ages 17–19 years). The analysis was restricted to those engaged in past-year paid work (n = 1406). We estimated the prevalence of past-year workplace violence and used mixed-effects multivariable logistic regression to explore associations with characteristics measured in early adolescence, current life circumstances, and work-related factors.

Methods. The analysis focused on adolescents recruited at primary schools who participated in a 2014 survey and were followed up in 2018–2019. The analysis was restricted to those engaged in past-year paid work (n = 1406). We estimated the prevalence of past-year workplace violence and used mixed-effects multivariable logistic regression to explore associations with characteristics measured in early adolescence, current life circumstances, and work-related factors.

Results. Overall, 40% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 37%, 43%) of adolescents in paid work experienced past-year workplace violence; odds were doubled among female domestic workers (vs retail/trade workers; adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.07; 95% CI = 1.28, 3.35). Experiences measured in early adolescence, including eating less than 3 meals the previous day, experiencing severe physical violence (male adolescents: AOR = 1.48; 95% CI = 1.11, 1.98; female adolescents: AOR = 1.69; 95% CI = 1.13, 2.53) and bullying, and having poor mental health (male adolescents: AOR = 2.32 95% CI = 1.37, 3.92; female adolescents: AOR = 2.27; 95% CI = 1.05, 4.89), were associated with increased odds of workplace violence. Current life circumstances (fewer household assets, more moves, functional difficulties, poorer mental health) were also associated with workplace violence.

Conclusions. Interventions are needed to address the high prevalence of workplace violence across all sectors, with female domestic workers particularly vulnerable. Early prevention of violence and poor mental health may be promising. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(11):1651–1661. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306983 )