bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stress of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Tendons in Prestressed Simply Supported Beams
Authors: Bai Chong Xi , Shao Xin Yan , Wang Qiu Ping
Published: May 2013

The law of stress increment of unbonded carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) tendons at service stage and flexural load bearing capacity limit state is unclear, so it is difficult to accurately calculate crack width, deflection and load bearing capacity. In order to calculate the stress of CFRP tendons, deformation compatibility condition and moment-curvature analysis method are used to compile nonlinear full-range analysis programs of simply supported concrete beam partially prestressed with unbonded CFRP tendons. The computing results of stress in CFRP tendons are in good agreement with the tested results as a whole, so it indicates that the simulation analysis programs are reliable.
The Experimental Study on Consolidation of Acrylic Non-Aqueous Dispersion for Kiln Qionglai Monuments in Chengdu, China
Authors: Yi Wu , Jiang Bing , Jia Bin
Published: May 2013

It is difficult to preserve earth monument in wet area. To solve this problem, a Chinese scholar, professor Zhou Shuanglin, developed a consolidation agent named acrylic non-aqueous dispersion. But the study on this consolidation agent is still in its initial stage, most of its experimental researches are limited to northwest china and no research reports aimed at southwest China wet area were found so far. To check out the efficiency of this consolidation agent in wet area, southwest China, a consolidating experiment was conducted by applying this consolidation agent to soil samples from kiln Qionglai earthen monuments located in outskirt of Chengdu city, the capital of Sichuan province. In this experiment, the changes of color, compressive strength and hydrolysis resistance of specimens after consolidating were investigated and compared with those for northwest area. The study shows that acrylic non-aqueous dispersion consolidation agent developed by professor Zhou Shuanglin is also effective to a certain degree for the earth monument in wet area, southwest China.
Energy Performance Assessment of the High Insulated Panels Green Home
Authors: Lee Ho Yeol , Kang Jae Sik , Choi Gyeong Seok , Lee Seung Eon
Published: May 2013

More recently, studies on the building energy reduction technology are actively in progress. However, total energy performance assessment is still insufficient. This study analyzed the performance of developed element technologies with monitoring system. Also, it analyzed the effects of convergence application regarding the constructed test bed building for the performance demonstration test. According to results of energy usage analysis, it is assumed that the insulation effect of the HIP (high insulated panels) green home is remarkable.
Impact of Environmental Assessment of Green Building Materials on Sustainable Rating System
Authors: Umar Usman Aminu , Tukur Hassan , Khamidi Mohd. Faris , Alkali Adam Umar
Published: May 2013

As education and concern pertaining to environmental and sustainability issues like implications of resources destruction, decrease in bio-diversity as well as climate change multiply, so has the need for housing developments that lead to less damaging effects on the environment, whilst enabling living standard to be sustained. Builders, developers and material providers have addressed this demand by creating approaches and technologies that minimize energy, water and main material consumption, decrease greenhouse gas emissions and sustain or enhance surrounding ecological systems and services. Several administration and non-governmental institutions in addition have aimed to change the sustainability of the building industry by developing green rating systems that can be used to evaluate the environmental performance of new and existing building. This paper discusses material resources criteria and the impact as a sustainable rating tool.
A Study on Measures for Coping with Climate Change in College Campuses in Korea
Authors: Park Jong Cheon , Hong Won Hwa , Lee Kang Guk , Jeong Hak Geun
Published: May 2013

In this study, measures for coping with climate change in a college campus. colleges have various opportunities to reduce climate change. greenhouse gas reduction efforts of the central government and local government units. in various academic fields and among college stakeholders such as teaching staff, school personnel, and students.
Optimization by Discomfort Minimization for Designing a Comfortable Net Zero Energy Building in the Mediterranean Climate
Authors: Carlucci Salvatore , Pagliano Lorenzo , Zangheri Paolo
Published: May 2013

The energy design of a building is a multivariable problem, which can accept different sets of solutions. In this paper an integrated energy design process is proposed to support designers in identifying the most suitable set of passive solutions to guarantee a comfortable indoor environment and hence to minimize its energy needs for space conditioning. The proposed design process uses EnergyPlus as energy simulation engine, guided by GenOpt via some code written by the authors. The optimization aims at minimizing two seasonal long-term discomfort indices (based on the ASHRAE Adaptive comfort model) through the Particle swarm optimization algorithm. We test here the proposed process in a case study where we identify the most suitable envelope components and passive strategies for the design of a single-family net zero energy home located in the Mediterranean climate. The building is now actually under construction. It should be noted, however, that the modeling and the optimization approach outlined in this paper can be applied to any residential or commercial building prototype.
The Application of Ecological Energy-Saving Technologies in Urban Planning-Taking Gongqing DigiEcoCity as an Example
Authors: Li Xiao Qiong , Bai Hai Tao , Tao Chun Yuan , Wang Ying Xiang
Published: May 2013

DigiEcoCity is a model for an ideal city combining the principles of the sustainable development, the new technologies which are brought by the digital revolution and the urban functions which are necessary for providing good lives. It is the main trend for the application of the energy-saving technology and the direction for city development in the future. This paper describes the application of energy-saving techniques in traffic planning, water supply and sewage system planning, as well as landscape planning and construction in Gongqing DigiEcoCity. The application of energy-saving technologies in urban planning and construction is actively explored in Gongqing city so as to make the city become a good example of DigiEcoCity.
Energy-Saving Optimization of Heating Supply Systems of Sino-Singapore (Tianjin) Eco-City Energy Planning
Authors: Tang Lan , Xing Yu Lei
Published: May 2013

The sustainable energy strategy is an important guarantee for the sustainable development of the Sino-Singapore (Tianjin) Eco-City (SSEC). Whether the energy strategy could be successful or not, it depend on that how much the energy will be consumed by building heating and cooling in SSEC. After has analyzed the technical characteristics of heating supply system, and also studied the optimization technologies of energy-saving, which are relevant to the temperature of heating supply, thermal station configuration, cooling mode, solar collectors and etc, this paper proposes a sound path to improve the energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the Eco-City in operation, so as to promote sustainable development.
Fractal Researches on the Spatial Structure of the Urban System in Sheyang Economic Zone
Authors: Ren Shao Hong , Su Lei , Zhu Jing Hai
Published: May 2013

This paper used three kinds of fractal dimensions to characterize spatial structure of the urban system in Shenyang Economic Zone, namely aggregation dimension, spatial correlation dimension, and box-counting dimension. It was found that the spatial structure of the Shenyang Economic Zone urban system has obvious fractal properties. In analysing the results of our research the following conclusions emerged: The space distribution of the Shenyang Economic Zone urban system is centripetal gathered around the central city of Shenyang, the accessibility of the transport network between cities is good, and the spatial shape is more compact than other urban systems of Liaoning Province. The authors believe that the structure of the Shenyang Economic Zone urban system is more effective than the structure of Liaoning Province urban system, and put forward rationalization proposals to optimize the urban system of the Shenyang Economic Zone.
A Brief Discussion about Construction of Low-Carbon and Energy-Saving Ecological Community — A Case Study of Yilongwan Community in Changzhi City
Authors: Yan Long , Zhao Jian Bin
Published: May 2013

The developmental trend of the future cities is to create a low-carbon and energy-saving city, and the development will boost the design of current residential community planning. By a case study of Yilongwan Community in Changzhi City, technical requirements for construction of low-carbon ecological community are analyzed from the aspects of planning and layout, landscape construction and low-carbon technology in this paper. The analysis presents some shortages in the construction and they are described in details by this paper. Finally, the development strategy is proposed in this paper.
Assessing Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste Management Factors for Johor-Bahru by Analytical Hierarchy Process
Authors: Abba Ahmad H. , Noor Zainura Z. , Aliyu Aminu , Medugu Nasiru I.
Published: May 2013

: Management of solid waste involves collection, transportation, treatment and safe disposal to landfills. These activities create a lot of impacts to the environment and most of the time impose social and financial burden on authorities handling solid waste management as well as the community. Local authorities managing waste are confronted with problems, protests and resistance from the public because of difference of views and perceptions on impacts created by waste management plans. This paper assesses some environmental, social and economical impacts viewed by stakeholders in the city of Johor Bahru Malaysia. Analytical hierarchy process (AHP), a multi-criteria decision making analysis tool is used to evaluate the views of the stakeholders with the aid of super decision software. Stream ecology, flora and fauna, habitat depletion, land use and air quality are ranked higher for environmental factors/impacts. Public awareness health and safety, population size and cooperation from the public dominate the social factors. Regulation, landfill capacity, operation and maintenance cost and capital cost dominate economic factors/impacts. Four alternative disposal plans (landfilling, recycling, incineration, composting) were proposed and ranked according to the priorities of the stakeholders. Incineration and recycling were preferred to landfilling and composting disposal options.
Concentration Distribution and Composition of Phosphorus in Street Dust from Small Towns in Yongchuan, Chongqing
Authors: Wang Shu Min , Zhu Qi Hong , Zhang Bin , Gao Xiang
Published: May 2013

Most studies about urban street dust have been focused on big cities so far and less attention has been focused on small towns. In this paper, we collected 12 samples from four different localities (Commercial Area, Industrial Area, Shuangzhu Street, Xuefu Road) in small towns of Yongchuan District, Chongqing to investigate the concentration distribution and composition of phosphorus in street dust. The results reveal that dust samples from Commercial Area contain higher concentration of total phosphorus (TP) (e.g., 785mg/kg) comparing with dust samples from other three sites (e.g., 310-400mg/kg). The research also indicates that the size fraction plays an important role in the concentration distribution of TP. The smaller size fraction corresponds to higher TP concentration. In addition, Ca-P is the predominant form in every site and accounts for 66%-89% of TP. Organic carbon (OC) and pH also have an effect on concentration and composition of TP.
Role of Building Services Quantity Surveyors in Managing Cost of Green Buildings
Authors: Yusuf Ganiyu Amuda , Mohamed Sarajul Fikri , Yusof Zakaria Mohd , Misnan Mohd Saidin
Published: May 2013

Abstract. This study reviews the importance of green building and identified some popular rating tools available. The importance of green building requirements was also discussed. Significant cost factors in green buildings were described and methods of capturing and controlling the costs of building services by quantity surveyors discussed. The major barrier to effective cost control of green building have been identified as lack of a clear green design goal; midstream attempts to incorporate green; decentralized management of the green building process; lack of experience with green building; and insufficient time and funding. The study concluded that, it is essential for quantity surveyors to develop a cost management framework responsive to both client values and user requirements within the framework of sustainable development.
An Analysis of the Historical Texture of Kandovan from the Viewpoint of Green Architecture
Authors: Ebrahimi Asl Hassan , Sattarzadeh Dariush
Published: May 2013

Kandovan is one of the unique and magical rocky villages in the world. This organic village is located near Tabriz, Iran. There are some other rocky architectures in the world which there isn’t any residency in them and have been deserted but Kandovan in terms of the life and residency is different from all of them and this 850-years-old place is home to some 700 people. The architecture of Kandovan is a clear sample of harmonization with nature. In this place, the skeletal factors of constructed environment have completely been chosen from the natural factors [1], in other words, there is a great relation between constructed environment and natural aspects in Kandovan. Despite most of the modern constructed environments, residents of Kandovan never tend to erode and change the face of nature. They try to adapt themselves to nature and maintain harmony with it; this harmonization leads the architecture of this place to use the least possible fossil energies. Our aim is analyzing this historical texture and find out the climatic strategies which have been applied here. We will find out, instead of confronting the nature, how man can adapt himself and foster harmony with his surroundings. Our methodology in this paper is analytical and descriptive; for this aim, we have used the various types of architectural software; moreover, for gathering information we used library sources and also visited the place.
Preparation and Mechanical Properties of the Environmentally Friendly Wood-Plastic Composites
Authors: Lu Hong Wei , Li Meng Yao , Zhang Bin , Yu Hua , Jiang Xiao Niu
Published: May 2013

Good bonding at the interface between HDPE (High density polyethylene) and wood flour was achieved by adding MA (Maleic anhydride) as surface-reactive additive and WD-50 (3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane) as coupling agent products. HDPE-g-MA was prepared by melt grafting polymerization in the presence of DCP (Dicumyl peroxide) using a Hakke Rheocord. The FTIR spectra conformed that MA was successfully grafted onto HDPE and the effects of DCP and MA contents on grafting reaction were also studied. The effects of silane coupling agent (WD-50), wood flour and HDPE-g-MA contents on the mechanical properties of the HDPE-based wood-plastic composites were investigated by electronic tensile tester and impact test enginery. The results indicated that WD-50 (with the content of 2 wt%) and HDPE-g-MA (with the content of 10 wt%) effectively improved mechanical properties of the composite materials.
Early Strength Characteristics of Palm Oil Fuel Ash and Metakaolin Blended Geopolymer Mortar
Authors: Ismail Mohammad , Yusuf Taliat Ola , Noruzman Ainul H , Hassan I. O.
Published: May 2013

In this paper, the early strength behavior of Metakaolin and Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) based geopolymer mortar was investigated for the purpose of exploring the utilization of POFA which is a waste material generated from production of palm oil. Geopolymer mortar was prepared by activating metakaolin combined with POFA at 0%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% and 80% replacement levels in NaOH and Na2SiO3 medium. The mortar specimens were tested for compressive strength at 3 and 7days. The maximum compressive strength at 3 and 7days are 65.264MPa and 68.863MPa respectively corresponding to a POFA replacement of 40%. A replacement of 80% POFA to 20% Metakaolin gave compressive strength as high as 26.174MPa and 30.791MPa for 3 and 7 days. It was also discovered that water demand of the system reduced with increase in POFA replacement. It is concluded that POFA addition to metakaolin can improve behavior of Metakaolin and POFA geopolymer system.
Synthesis of Epoxidized Soybean Oil via Phase Transfer Catalysis
Authors: Jing Lu , Liu Guo Qin , Liu Xin Qi , Wang Xue De
Published: May 2013

In the system of heteropoly acid [π-C5H5NC16H33]3[PO4(WO3)4], H2O2 (30 %, w/w), polyethylene glycol, 1,2-dichloroethane, soybean oil under went epoxidation reaction smoothly via reaction-controlled phase transfer catalysis. Effects of the amount of interfacial active agent, H2O2, catalyst and reaction time were investigated and the optimized reaction conditions were as follows: 10 g of soybean oil, 0.3 g of [π-C5H5NC16H33]3[PO4 (WO3)4],8 ml of H2O2 (30 %, w/w), 5.0 ml of PEG, 30 g of 1,2-dichloroethane, and the reaction temperature was 65 °C and reaction time was 3.5-4.0 h. Under these optimized conditions, an epoxy value of 6.30 % and a yield of 90 % were obtained. Hence, it is an environmental-friendly and effective way to synthesize epoxidized soybean oil.
Analysis on Distribution Law of Damaged Filters for Bag Dedusters in Coal-Fired Power Plants
Authors: Zhang Ying Shuai , Xu Ming Feng , Shen Hui , Tao Yun Yi
Published: May 2013

Operating for 1.5 years, part of filtering bags for bag dedusters in a coal-fired power plant had severely decreased intensity and were generally broken. These disabled bags were mainly at the middle and tail of dedusters. By analysis, the reason of the ineffectual filtering bags is oxidation corrosion and more flue gas passing through, owing to the nonuniform distribution of gas. As an improvement measure, such methods are needed as operation optimization, installing de-nitrification system and adding gas uniform plate in dedusters.
Effect of Preparation Method on Photocatalytic Activity of Titanium-Bearing Blast Furnace Slag
Authors: Lei Xue Fei , Xue Xiang Xin , Yang He
Published: May 2013

The paper investigates the feasibility to reduce Cr (VI) from the aqueous solution by sulfate-modified titanium-bearing blast furnace slag (STBBFS) prepared with the different preparation method. The different photocatalysts were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The photocatalytic activities of the different catalysts were evaluated by the photocatalytic reduction of Cr (VI) under UV-vis light irradiation. For the photocatalytic reduction of Cr (VI), the photocatalytic activities of STBBFS catalysts were found to be strongly dependent of absorbance in UV-visible region, adsorption capacity and surface acidity, and STBBFS prepared by dry-process showed a higher photocatalytic activity compared to that prepared by hydro-chemistry method.
Effects of Latency Removal on the Fiber Properties of Poplar APMP
Authors: Qu Lin , Chen Jia Chuan , Yang Gui Hua
Published: May 2013

The refining is the important stage in the APMP pulping process, and high temperature pulses generated in this stage make pulp fibers stiff and ankylosis, which can reduce the strength properties of the pulp. Latency removal is the best way to modify pulp fibers properties and improve their strength. This study focused on the effect of latency removal on the properties of the poplar APMP pulp. atency removal can improve effectively the physical properties of the APMP pulp,the breaking length of the latency removal pulp increased 3.06%, burst index increased 1.97%, tear index decreased 6.07%, and brightness increased by 0.38%ISO.in the 60°C. the breaking length of the latency removal pulp increased 11.80%, burst index increased 14.30%, tear index decreased 6.63%, and brightness increased by 0.77%ISO in the 80°C.
Preliminary Study of Utilizing Ozone in Treatment of Operationally Exhausted Metalworking Fluids
Authors: Gerulova Kristina , Buranská Eva , Turňová Zuzana , Fiala Jozef
Published: May 2013

The article deals with preliminary study of possible utilization of ozone oxidative capacity for eliminating the organic content of operationally exhausted MWFs. This research was focused on the treatment of 17 samples clean MWFs diluted concentrates (samples mostly from Castrol, Shell Macron GmbH, Fuchs Oil corp., Agip GmbH, Blaser Swisslube AG, Cimcool Industrial Products BV, Houghton, Exxon Mobile and Quaker) by ozone. The study is focused to the effect of high concentrations of ozone during 4 hours on the kinetics of total organic content using parameters such as COD and TOC. The concentration of the tested MWFs was set at 1% (v/v). Selected MWFs consisted of all types of water miscible – emulsions, semi-synthetic and synthetic fluids.
Research on Removing Radioactivity Minerals Form Titanium Rough Concentration of Haibing
Authors: Zhang Han Ping , Chen Xian Mei , Tang You You , Cao Qin Bo
Published: May 2013

Titanium rough concentrate in Haibing contains ilmenite, rutile and other valuable minerals, and also radioactive mineral monazite. Ore minerals contain 42.08% of TiO2 and 4.92% of ZrO2. Radionuclide specific activities results shown that intensity of radioactivity of 226Ra, Th and 40K are 2142.2Bq/kg, 8964.2Bq/kg and 724.72Bq/kg respectively. Through integration process of shaking table-weak magnetic-dry high intensity magnetic-electric separation, qualified titanium concentrate, azurite concentrate and monazite were obtained, which recovers the voluble minerals at maximal extent.
Effect of Slag Composition on Total Oxygen of High Speed Wheel Steel
Authors: Tang Yu
Published: May 2013

In order to improve fatigue life of wheel steel, secondary-refining process is done with Al-deoxidation and slag of high basicity, high Al2O3 content and low oxidizing property. By slag-steel-inclusion interaction, harmful inclusions could be controlled well to be eliminated by floation, lowering T[O] content to 0.0007% in round billets, enhancing fatigue life of wheel steel. It is found that (Al2O3) in slag is positive factor for decrease of T[O], while (CaO)/(Al2O3), (SiO2) in slag and [Al]s in molten steel is negative factor for it. As a result, by INSTRON fatigue testing machine, tested steel samples achieve ultra-high cycle of 108 above, realizing experimental purpose of improving fatigue life of wheel steel.
Dynamic Response of the Compound Structure of Foam Aluminum Core Composite Sandwich Material to the Shock Wave of Gas Explosion
Authors: Mao Xiao Hui
Published: May 2013

A new energy absorption device composed of the foam aluminum and steel plate is introduced here, which can prevent the structure by attenuating the over pressure of air-shockwave produced by a gas blast effectively. In order to find out the blast wave pressure attenuation property of a cladding aluminum foam layer and an aluminum foam sandwich layer, the theoretical and numerical methods were used to study them through comparative analyses. Two kinds of typical structures are simulated numerically, which are the structure with one layer of a steel plate and the structure with both a layer of the steel plate and the device respectively. The results of the simulation show that the multilayer composite structure has the excellent capacity to reduce the blast loading and attenuate the over pressure of air-shockwave. the aluminum foam sandwich layer have the ability to attenuate the blast pressure before compressed to solid, and the ability decreases after the aluminum foam was completely compressed. The simulation experimental environment can be established and reference data can be provided for the design of a life-saving ball system by using numerical analysis methods.
Aeolic and Seismic Structural Vibrations Mitigation on Long-Span Cable-Supported Bridges
Authors: Domaneschi Marco , Martinelli Luca , Shi Chun Xia
Published: May 2013

Herein, two models of long-span bridges, namely a suspension and a cable-stayed one, are developed at the numerical level in a commercial finite elements code, starting from original data, and they are used to simulate the structural response under wind excitation and seismic excitation. The main goal of this study consists in the evaluation of a control strategy, designed and proven effective for the wind action, considering the suspension bridge, or for the seismic action, for the cable-stayed one, when the bridge structure is subjected to the seismic and the wind action respectively.
Activation Energy of Pure and Impregnated Lignocellulosic Materials Obtained by Isothermal Method
Authors: Chrebet Tomas , Jozef Martinka , Balog Karol , Turnova Zuzana
Published: May 2013

On the base of experimental observations of mass loss rate in dependence of temperature in isothermal condition in circulating air atmosphere was determined the activation energy of lignocellulosic materials degradation without and with retardants. Experiment was performed in an electrically heated hot-air furnace according to ISO 871 standard (Setchkin furnace) in conjunction with precision scales. Degradation of lignocellulosic materials was performed at various temperatures and various air-flow speeds. Pure cellulose as a model compound was impregnated by water solution of KHCO3 and (NH4)2HPO4.
Failure Analysis on Fracture of 16Mn Steel
Authors: Wang Hong Wei , Li Wen Tao , Bai Hong , Xiao Hai Qing , Yu Hong Mei
Published: May 2013

Based on a system of macro & micro fracture appearance observation, energy spectrum analysis, metallurgical structure inspection and hardness test, the fracture mechanism and cause of specimen of 16Mn steel were obtained. The results showed that the large load was the main reason for the 16Mn steel specimen fracture, the fracture surfaces were different dimensional equiaxed dimples and some spherical particles which contain higher Mn, Si and O. The spherical particles may be an oxide which may be caused by the manufacturing process.
Study on the Isolation of Polysaccharide from Purple Sweet Potato by DEAE-Cellulose 52
Authors: Guo Mi Mi , Tang Hao Guo , Yao Hong Juan , Guo Jie Zhi
Published: May 2013

In this thesis the chromatography on DEAE-Cellulose 52 was used to isolate the crude polysaccharide from purple sweet potato (PPSP) . To get the purest polysaccharide from the purple sweet potato for the purpose, the influence of different pH environments and whether the fractions eluted with the high and low ionic strength eluents in corresponding pH environment during the elution process had the hybrid phenomenon were studied. Finally, results suggested that the purest polysaccharide of purple sweet potato would be got in the neutral and low ionic strength solution of NaCl when the crude polysaccharide was isolated by the chromatography column on DEAE-Cellulose 52 according to this study, and in this thesis the low ionic strength solution of NaCl was 11.7g.L-1, the elution rate of polysaccharide eluted with it was about 3% and the purity was about 94%.
The Effects of Rhodiola Tibetica on Lung Tissue of Rats with High Altitude Pulmonary Edema
Authors: Li Wen Hua
Published: May 2013

Objective observation of Tibetan medicine rhodiola on high altitude Pulmonary edema in rats and HIF-1a expression changes. Method Will 50 only male SD rats randomly divided into 5 group , are often oxygen control group (Xi'an , altitude 5m ), acute hypoxia control group (Xi'an , altitude 5m ), acute hypoxia Group (naqu , elevation 4500m ), rhodiola acclimatization control group ( Xi'an , altitude 5m ), rhodiola altitude acclimatization group (naqu, elevation 4500m ) , light and electron microscopic observation of lung tissue samples , immunohistochemical detection of various groups of lung tissue HIF-la expression, RT-PCR method detection altitude hypoxia group animal lungs HIF-la mRNA expression changes. Results Acute hypoxia group lung tissue microstructure and Ultrastructure of a discernible high altitude pulmonary edema, and after the Tibetan medicine rhodiola after high altitude pulmonary edema is significantly reduced, ( as in Figure 123456). Lung tissue within the immunohistochemical detection not see HIF-la protein expression, RT-PCR detection SD big rat intraperitoneal injection of rhodiola extract 40g BGE/kg, 2h open back began to rise 4h, peak, after declining 24h, basically back to their normal control group , level rhodiola medicine acclimatization group HIF a 1 am RNA expression are clearly higher than the atmospheric oxygen control group and acute hypoxia group (p < 0.01). Conclusions Tibetan medicine rhodiola on lung tissue HIF-lamRNA expression of conducive to reduce hypoxic rats high altitude pulmonary edema.
The Wool Shrink-Proof Technology of Sericin Bonding Wool
Authors: Wang Hua E
Published: May 2013

For protecting the environment, reducing pollution and saving our precious natural resources, a new technology of wool shrinkproof was investigated in this paper. Wool/husks yarn was used as materials to knit fabrics.Through special steam treatment and sericin fixation finishing, the steaming conditions and the optimal technical parameters of sericin fixing were determined. The results showed that when steaming temperature was100 degrees Celsius and steaming time was 10min, the effect of steaming was good. The optimal technical parameters of sericin fixing were glutaraldehyde concentration 0.2%, treating time 60min and temperature 40 degrees Celsius. On this condition, the wool fabric shrinkage was 1.99%.
Determination and Identification of Chondroitin Sulfate from Tilapia Byproducts
Authors: Duan Zhen Hua , Cheng Chang Yu , Hai Yang , Wang Ju Lan
Published: May 2013

In order to probe the structure of chondroitin sulfate (CS) from tilapia fish, the CS was extracted from tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) byproducts with the combination of ultrasonic and microwave, some means including high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), infrared spectra (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were used in this paper. The data of HPLC exhibited that the obtained chondroitin sulfate is of highly purity (98.78%). IR and NMR spectra indicated that the sample consisted of both chondroitin-4-sulfate and chondroitin-6-sulfate, and the proportion of chondroitin-6-sulfate was higher than chondroitin-4-sulfate.
Purification and Preliminary Characterization of a Thermostable Lactase from Bacillus coagulans T242
Authors: Jiang Shu Juan , Mu Guang Qing , Liu Tao , Qian Fang
Published: May 2013

A thermostable lactase from Bacillus coagulans T242 was subjected to purification on DEAE chromatography followed by gel permeation chromatography, then the homogenous Bacillus coagulans T242-lactase was obtained, and its molecular mass was 55.0 kDa as shown in SDS-PAGE. Analysis indicated its optimum condition was 60 C and pH 6.8 and it was stable at 40~60 C and pH6.5~7.8; Mn2+, Mg2+ and Na+ at high concentration all had marked activation on lactase activity. Kinetic constants determination revealed Bacillus coagulans T242-lactase had a strong affinity for lactose.
Simulating Glycolytic Metabolism of Escherichia coli by Using Optimal Control Models
Authors: Zhou Qing Hua , Xie Juan , Cui Jing , Li Yan
Published: May 2013

Simulating dynamic behaviors of metabolic networks of a living cell plays an important role in system biology. As a part of dynamic model, the choice of objective function has a large influence on simulation accuracy for these behaviors. In this work, in order to precisely describe the biomass yield and substrate utilization in glycolytic metabolism of Escherichia coli, we try to modify the objective function of the existing dynamic model by using maximization of glucose utilization to replace the traditional objective one. After that, the dynamic model with the new objective is converted to a standard optimal control problem. And then we compute such model through the use of the penalty function methods. The results illustrate that the simulation curves perfectly agree with experiment data, especially with biomass concentration. Thereby, we conclude that completely utilizing substrate glucose is feasible to describe and improve the simulation accuracy on concentrations of some important metabolites in Escherichia coli. The completeness of investigating such models will be helpful and instructive for the application of bioengineering.
Study on Plant Growth Regulation Activity of the Low Polar Fractions from Mikania micrantha H.B.K. on Phaseolus radiaus
Authors: Shi Rui , Li Biao , Ye Min , Zhao Yan , Fan Li Ming , Cai Ting Ting
Published: May 2013

Some chemical compounds in petroleum ether extract ofMikania micranthaH.B.K. can strongly influence seedling growth ofPhaseolus radiaus. In this study, we provide evidence that the chemical compounds in active fraction chromatographed on normal phase silica gel columns from petroleum ether extract ofM. micranthahave strong activity to promoteP. radiaustaking root. But meanwhile, these chemical compounds could be inhibitors forP. radiausroot growth. Two main chemical constituents, α-Bisabolol and Eudesma-5,11(13)-dien-8,12-olide, in the active fraction were confirmed by GC-MS analysis.
The Ameliorative Effect of CPCC and Role of CRT in Hepatic Injury by Alloxan-Treatment
Authors: Yuan Hong Mei , Ming Dong Feng , Ma Shu Qing , Fan Wei Jiang
Published: May 2013

The objective of this study is to examine the protection effect of CPCC treatment in hepatic injury and the role of Calreticulin (CRT) in hepatic injury. The control and alloxan groups were given water and the CPCC group was given CPCC (Cr3+40μg/kg.d) every day, respectively. After 4 weeks, the alloxan and CPCC groups were injected with alloxan (40mg/kg) for 6d. Total protein was extracted from mice liver. SDS-PAGE and two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) were performed in this study from the total protein of mice hepatic. The samples of 2-DE were analyzed through Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer . The mRNA of CRT was detected using fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in mice liver. The results of 2-DE and qPCR showed the expression of CRT had significant difference among controlalloxan and CPCC mice both on the transcriptional and protein levels. CRT is a potential target as the roles of treatment and prevention in hepatic injury. CPCC is expected to become new health product for prevention and treatment of the hepatic injury.
Ugonin K Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis through Reactive Oxygen Species/Apoptosis Signal Pathway in Human Skin Cancer Cells
Authors: Chan Leong Perng , Chou Tzung Han , Wang Guey Horng , Tseng Ya Ping , Chen Pin Ju , Cheng Da Long , Liang Chia Hua
Published: May 2013

The incidence and mortality of skin cancer continue to rise because of the destruction of the ozonosphere in the earth. Skin cancer is divided into two groups by histological features – nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC) and melanoma. Cutaneous basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of NMSC are almost 75% among human skin malignancy cancer. In the preliminary bioactivity screening, the compound isolated fromHelminthostachyszeylanicawere evaluated antioxidant activities and interacted individually with serial human cancer cells, results that antioxidant activities of ugonin K were evaluated by measuring DPPH free-radical scavenging activities, and reducing power. Determination the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and reduced glutathione (GSH) formation in H2O2-treated HaCaT cells by ugonin K. The cytotoxicity results show that ugonin K expressed less toxic to human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) and human skin fibroblasts (Hs68 cells) than BCC cells, suggesting that ugonin K may have potential to be developed effective drugs for skin cancer cells without damaging skin normal cells. After treatment with ugonin K in BCC cells, cell cycle arrested in S-G2/M phase with a markedly increased apoptotic sub-G1peak, mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) reduced, the expression of p53, Caspase-8, Caspase-9 and Caspase-3 revealed a more significant increased than the untreated control. Expected ugonin K has potential for an effective and specific drug to cancer cell, can minimize the damage to normal cell and provide a better therapeutic method to skin carcinoma.
Clean Method for Stickies Control with StickAway Enzyme in ONP Pulps
Authors: Pei Ji Cheng , Dun Qiu Xia , Wang Hai Yang , Zhang Fang Dong
Published: May 2013

Recovery and use of secondary fiber for paper production is increasing all over the word. In recovered paper recycling, stickies are the most detrimental among the contaminants, affecting both the process efficiency and the quality of the final product. In this study, StickAway enzyme was used to treat the old newspaper(ONP) pulps. The effect of enzymatic treatment on the macro and micro-stickies, the drainage property, as well as the formation of paper products were investigated. After treatment of samples with 3LU/g (o.d pulp) doses of enzymatic for 1.5 h, it was found that 14.6% of the micro-stickies could be removed. The cationic demand, turbidity value and particle size were decreased 7.23%, 14.4% and 6.02% respectively compared the control sample. Furthermore, enzymatic treatment also improved the drainage properties of pulp slurry and the formation of paper products. Results confirmed that under the optimal conditions, the StickAway enzyme show the excellent performance in the treatment of the stickies of recovered pulps.
Gold Immunochromatography Assay - A Newly Rapid Detection Technique for Aquatic Products
Authors: Wang Yuan , Yu Hui Juan , Qian Bei Lei , Cai You Qiong , Huang Dong Mei , Hui Yun Hua , Liu Huan , Ma Bing
Published: May 2013

Gold immunochromatography assay (GICA) technique has the following characteristics: rapid and simple, high sensitivity, good specificity, no auxiliary equipment, ease of interpreting results, and satisfactory stability. The technique has become one of the most rapid and sensitive immunological detection methods, which is widely used in medical, biological and other fields. The article focuses on the basic principles and technical characteristics of GICA, and briefly describes the applications and future perspectives in the rapid detection of aquatic products.
Determination of Ignition Temperature of Organic Dust Layers
Authors: Turekova Ivana , Turňová Zuzana , Harangozó Jozef , Kasalova Ivana , Chrebet Tomáš
Published: May 2013

Fire characteristics of wood dusts serve for qualitative comparison of combustibility and explosibility, for suggesting precautionary measures, for predicting consequences of fires and explosions. Setting of given characteristics by calculation is not possible yet. Therefore the most reliable results are set by experiment. The article deals with the testing of the minimum ignition temperature depending on the different types of dust layer and different heights of surface.
Preparation and Properties of Modified Lignin Used as Additive of Brown Coal CWS
Authors: Song Jin Mei , Zhang Yu Xiu , Zhu Shu Quan
Published: May 2013

The lignin condensated sulfonated naphthalene (abbreviated as LCSN) was prepared by condensation reaction. The electrical conductivity and the weight molecular of LCSN were determined by electrical conductivity meter, and Ubbelohde viscosimeter, and Critical Micelle Concentration (abbreviated as CMC) and HLB of the modified lignin were calculated. LCSN was characterized and verified by Fourier and scanning electron microscope, transform infrared spectroscopy (abbreviated as FTIR). SEM images revealed morphology of modified lignin. Under the same dosage, compared with raw material, concentration of lignite CWS used LCSN as an additive increased by 4.1%, which reached the same concentration of CWS as Naphthalene dispersants.
The Evaluation of Factors Affecting the Performance of Heavy Oil Emulsion
Authors: Fan Zhen Zhong , Wang Tong , Li Peng Peng , Wang Ji Gang , Liu Qing Wang
Published: May 2013

In this paper,we used the heavy oil of Du 84,53-55 well in Liaohe oil field,analyzed of the impact factors of the heavy oil emulsion viscosity.When the droplet size of the emulsion is reduced,the viscosity of the heavy oil emulsion increases,and the non-Newtonian obvious.Heavy oil emulsions exhibit Newtonian fluid properties at low shear rate,exhibits shear-thinning properties in the heavy oil emulsion under high shear rate.Heavy oil emulsion viscosity decreases with the increasing concentration of viscosity reducer,when the viscosity reducer concentration of more than 0.25%,heavy oil emulsion viscosity declines slowed.
Research on Tubing and Casing Corrosion in Sour Gas Reservoirs and Corrosion-Resistant Material Selection
Authors: Li Ling Feng
Published: May 2013

For natural gas well in sour gas reservoirs, very serious corrosion in the gas well string is an important factor of gas production system life. In order to ensure the long-term development of gas wells, this paper mainly introduces the tubing and casing corrosion in sour gas reservoirs, corrosion-resistant material selection of tubing and casing in sour gas reservoirs and proposes the optimization idea and technique of tubing material selection.. By taking W 63 well as an example, this paper optimizes the material selection of production casing for W 63 well. For application, the optimal materials of gas well string in W 63 well have good performance of corrosion resistance.
Recrystallization Thermal Simulation Experiment for a Micro-Alloy Steel
Authors: Liu Fen
Published: May 2013

In view of the equipment and process conditions of some enterprise, simulate its production process through the laboratory to do systematic experimental research, to the recrystallization law of steel austenitic contained the niobium Q345. The purpose is to explore the recrystallization behavior of this type of steel austenitic, as is expected to lay the foundation for formulation controlled rolling and cooling process parameters which are suitable for this kinds of steel.
Experimental Research on the Solubility of Cellulose in Different Ionic Liquids
Authors: Li Xiao Jun , Sun Yu Shan , Zhao Qiang
Published: May 2013

Solubilities of cellulose in several ionic liquids were investigated by using Thermal Platform Polarizing Microscope (TPPM) and mechanical stirring. The results showed that all the ionic liquids used could dissolve cellulose except 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([EMIM]Br). The dissolution process of cellulose experienced five steps including infiltration, limited swelled, partially dissolved, dissociation and completely dissolved. Ionic liquids with the cellulose-dissolving temperatures from low to high in sequence was 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM]Ac) < 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([BMIM]Ac) < 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([AMIM]Cl) < 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([EMIM]Cl) < 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl) < 1-benzyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BZMIM]Cl), while the solubility reduced in turn and the melting points or viscosities of the ionic liquids increased in the same order. Addition of some N,N-dimethyl sulfoxide to the solvents promoted ionic liquids to dissolve cellulose quickly. When dissolution process was applied by mechanical stirring, cellulose partially swelled and looked like "Lamb skewers" before dissolved. The dissolution mechanism was discussed.
The Microstructure Evolution and Twinning Characterization of AZ31 Mg Alloy Sheet in Low-Temperature Bending Process
Authors: Liu Jun Wei , Lu Shi Qiang , Wang Ke Lu , Li Gui Fa , Xiao Xuan
Published: May 2013

The relationship among stress, cavities and twinning in the room-temperature bending process of hot-rolled AZ31 Mg alloy sheet was researched. It can be seen that the mount of twins which was tightly affected by stress value increases with the distance to press point. Otherwise, the cavities and twinning which seem totally independent, in fact affect with each other. Some cavities were hindered by twins and can not further grow up. Then, the relationship between slip and twinning was also roughly discussed. The dislocation lines in twins can be thought to release the stress focus and were beneficial for deformation.
The Swelling Kinetics Study of Hydrogels Prepared by the Different Finesses Degrees of Eupatorium Adenophorum
Authors: Wen Hai Bo , Gao Xin , Zhang Heng
Published: May 2013

In this study the different finesses degree of the pulverized Eupatorium Adenophorum (EA) was evaluated as potential raw materials for the low-cost hydrogels whose the swelling behaviors were compared and studied at the same graft-copolymerization condition. The results are shown that the absorbency of EA hydrogels increased with decreasing the granule size of pulverized EA from 0.450mm to 0.063mm, while the swelling ratios gradually decreased with continuously reducing the particles size to 0.020mm, and the swelling exponents have been found to indicate non-Fickian mechanism for EA hydrogels at the all finesses range of 0.020~0.450mm. Moreover, to obtain better model for above 60% water uptake, the Beren-Hopfenberg differential model was applied, which also enabled to calculate the relaxation constants.
Emulsifier-Free Core-Shell Hybrid Latexes from Castor Oil-Based Waterborne Polyurethane and Polyacrylate Containing Fluorine and Silicon
Authors: Fu Chang Qing , Xu Meng , Yang Zheng , Lv Qing Gui , Shen Liang
Published: May 2013

The core-shell polyurethane-acrylate(PUA) emulsion containing fluorine and silicon in the core was synthesized by “one-pot” emulsion polymerization in the presence of castor oil-based polyurethane without traditional emulsifier, using methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA) as the main monomers, dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate (G04), γ-methacryloxy propyl trimethoxyl silane (KH-570) as the functional monomers. The structure and properties of the fluorinated-silicated PUA and their films were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR) and contact angle testing. The results showed that fluorine and silicon monomers had effectively copolymerized with acrylic monomers and a core-shell structure in the latex was formed. The water contact angle for film-air interface is 92.5o, and the cetane contact angle for film-air interface is 47.5 o.
Study on the Preparation of 2-Phenyl Imidazole Microcapsule and its Effect on Curing Epoxy Resin
Authors: Ma Ai Jie , Zhang Qiu Yu , Shi You Qiang
Published: May 2013

In this paper, 2-phenyl imidazole (2-PZ) microcapsule-type curing agent of epoxy resin were prepared through solvent volatilization with 2-PZ and polymethyl acrylic glycidyl ester (PGMA) as the raw materials. The micro-morphology, shape and structure of the microcapsules were studied by scanning electronic microscope (SEM) and fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR). The curing kinetics of microcapsule curing agent/epoxy resin E-44 curing system were studied using TGA/DSC simultaneous thermal analyzer. Results showed that the preparation method is simple and effective and the prepared 2-PZ microcapsules have smooth surfaces and monodisperse size. And the curing kinetic study of epoxy resin system suggested epoxy resin curing temperature was rising with the increase of heating rate.
Preparation and Properties of Cu2ZnSnS4 Nanoparticles by Solvothermal Method
Authors: Li Ji Rong , Yang Wei Guang , Shi Wei Min , Liao Yang , Qian Jun , Shen Xin Wei
Published: May 2013

Earth-abundant Cu2ZnSnS4(CZTS), a promising alternative photovoltaic material, was prepare by a mild solvothermal route and annealed. The as-prepared nanoparticles were obtained at 200°C and analyzed by X-ray diffraction(XRD). The crystallinity of CZTS particles was greatly improved by annealing in N2 gas shown in XRD. EDS results indicate the composition of the film and the variety of the ratio of the metal atoms and S atoms.