bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
To Discuss the Different Music Materials for Learners and Analyze the Difference Between Individual and Group Teaching
Authors: Zhou Mingyue
Published: January 2020

Beginning tutor books are preparing for students who exposed to music for the first time. It is the simplest and most basic music teaching materials. Piano beginners can divide into different age groups, such as young beginners, teenagers, and adults. The young beginners about six to ten years old, the teenagers are usually senior students, about thirteen to eighteen, and an adult is a person over the age of eighteen. People of all age groups can become piano beginners, and beginners at different age groups should use different kinds of music textbooks. In this essay, the musical materials for the piano beginner at different age groups are presenting below.
SOCIEDADE DO CONHECIMENTO: O uso das TIC por docentes e as novas articulações de saberes educacionais no sudeste do Pará
Authors: Evangelista Francisco , Martins Karina Donizete , Angelini Maria Fernanda Calil , Rocha Maria Josilene Fontinele
Published: January 2020

O presente estudo tem o propósito verificar a adesão dos docentes e os entraves na utilização das TIC no processo ensino e aprendizagem numa IES privada, contribuindo para a criação de novas práticas pedagógicas ou de uma ciberpedagogia confrontando com o moduz operandi na docência. A pesquisa utilizou-se de reuniões de grupos e aplicação de questionário para professores dos cursos de Administração, Biomedicina, Contábeis, Direito, Enfermagem, Serviço Social e Zootecnia. Os dados foram interpretados por meio do círculo hermenêutico dialético (CHD). Os sentidos extraídos das falas dos docentes apontam como resultados preliminares que a TIC estimula o estudo, otimiza tempo e trabalho, favorece a autonomia do estudante e a responsabilidade.

 

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Ensino e aprendizagem; Tecnologias da informação e da comunicação; Prática docente; Formação docente.

 

 

ABSTRACT

The present study has the purpose of verifying the adherence of teachers and the obstacles to the use of ICT in the teaching and learning process in a private HEI, contributing to the creation of new pedagogical practices or a cyberpedagogy confronting the moduz operandi in teaching. The research used group meetings and questionnaire application for teachers of the courses of Administration, Biomedicine, Accounting, Law, Nursing, Social Service and Zootechnics. The data were interpreted through the dialectical hermeneutic circle (CHD). The senses extracted from the teachers' statements point as preliminary results that ICT stimulates the study, optimizes time and work, favors student autonomy and responsibility.

 

KEYWORDS: Teaching and learning; Information and communication Technologies; Teaching practice; Teacher training.

 

 

RESUMEN

El presente estudio tiene el propósito de verificar la adhesión de los docentes y los obstáculos a la utilización de las TIC en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje en una IES privada, contribuyendo a la creación de nuevas prácticas pedagógicas o de una ciberpedagogía confrontando con el modesto operandi en la docencia. La investigación utilizó reuniones de grupos y aplicación de cuestionario para profesores de los cursos de Administración, Biomedicina, Contable, Derecho, Enfermería, Servicio Social y Zootecnia. Los datos fueron interpretados por medio del círculo hermenéutico dialéctico (CHD). Los sentidos extraídos de las palabras de los docentes apuntan como resultados preliminares que la TIC estimula el estudio, optimiza tiempo y trabajo, favorece la autonomía del estudiante y la responsabilidad.

 

PALABRAS CLAVE: Enseñanza y aprendizagem; Tecnologías de la información y la comunicación; Pratica docente; Formación docente.
VIDAS FOTOGRAFICAMENTE EDITADAS
Authors: Vicente Kyldes Batista , Sousa Fábio d'Abadia de
Published: January 2020

Neste texto discutimos alguns aspectos relacionados ao uso de fotografias em redes sociais. A nossa abordagem questiona o fato de a fotografia ser apresentada de forma geralmente editada, a fim de passar uma impressão falseada daquilo que o internauta realmente é. A nossa discussão também chama a atenção para o fato de que as vidas perfeitas divulgadas nas fotografias pessoais postadas na rede mundial de computadores contribuem também para a implantação de preconceitos contra os que não se encaixam no padrão de aparência ditado. Partiremos de um texto poético e, por isso, traremos algumas reflexões acerca da literatura como arte e a literatura de Álvaro de Campos, heterônimo de Fernando Pessoa.

 

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Fotografias; redes sociais; arte e literatura.

 

ABSTRACT

In this text we discuss some aspects related to the use of photographs in social networks. Our approach questions the fact that the photograph is presented in a generally edited way, in order to give a false impression of what the user really is. Our discussion also draws attention to the fact that the perfect lives revealed in personal photographs posted on the World Wide Web also contribute to the introduction of preconception against those who do not fit into the dictation appearance pattern. We will start with a poetic text and, therefore, we will bring some reflections about literature as art and the literature of Álvaro de Campos, heteronymous of Fernando Pessoa.

 

KEYWORDS: Photographs; social networks; art and literature.

 

 

RESUMEN

En ese texto discutimos algunos aspectos relacionados al uso de fotografías en redes sociales. Nuestro abordaje cuestiona el hecho de la fotografía ser presentada de forma generalmente editada, con el fin de transmitir una impresión falsa de aquello que el internauta realmente es. Nuestra discusión también llama la atención para el hecho de que las vidas perfectas divulgadas en las fotografías personales publicadas en la red mundial de computadoras contribuyen también para la implantación de prejuicios contra los que no se encajan en el patrón de apariencia dictado. Partiremos de un texto poético y, por ello, traemos algunas reflexiones acerca de la literatura como arte y la literatura de Álvaro de Campos, heterónimo de Fernando Pessoa.

 

PALABRAS CLAVE: Fotografías; redes sociales; arte y literatura.
EVASÃO NO CURSO DE LICENCIATURA EM FÍSICA DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO TOCANTINS: diagnóstico e primeiros resultados de um projeto de intervenção
Authors: Gomes Erica Cupertino , Soares Denisia Brito , Desidério Shirlei Nabarrete , Rocha Alexsandro Silvestre da Rocha Silvestre da
Published: January 2020

A baixa procura e a evasão dos cursos de Licenciatura em Física motivam a presente análise de dados do curso na Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT) e apresenta um diagnóstico sobre a relação entre a oferta de professores de Física e a formação de estudantes em Nível Médio. As análises apontam para a incapacidade do Sistema de Ensino Superior em suprir a demanda de professores, o que implica quanti e qualitativamente na formação científica dos estudantes brasileiros. O diagnóstico mostra a necessidade da intervenção e avalia os primeiros dados do Programa Institucional de Apoio ao Discente Ingressante sobre uma das disciplinas do Currículo do Curso. Os primeiros resultados mostram um impacto significativo na evasão dos estudantes.
UMA ANÁLISE DA IMPORTÂNCIA DAS PATENTES RELACIONADAS AO SOFTWARE
Authors: De Carvalho Rafael Lima , Da Silva Tiago Almeida , Gonçalves Fabrício Barros
Published: January 2020

Em um mundo cada vez mais competitivo em termos de tecnologias, a presente pesquisa buscou as empresas com maior número de patentes concedidas no ano de 2017, pelo escritório de patentes do americano (USPTO). A IBM detém o primeiro lugar na lista. A partir deste resultado, buscou-se verificar quais as classes de patentes que a IBM concentrou mais ativos no ano de 2017. Como resultado, descobriu-se que mais de 25% das patentes estão relacionadas com classes que envolvem software. Por fim, o presente trabalho elenca alguns pontos positivos e negativos sobre proteção de software através de patentes no Brasil.
GÊNERO E RAÇA NA COMUNICAÇÃO DE MARCAS: A dimensão política do consumo sob uma perspectiva interseccional
Authors: Fernandes Viana Pablo Moreno , Musa Belmiro Dalila Maria
Published: January 2020

Este artigo analisa a comunicação de marcas que comercializam produtos para cabelos cacheados e crespos em comemoração ao Dia Internacional da Mulher e Dia da Consciência Negra em 2018. Baseados na origem das duas datas, estudamos as dimensões políticas do consumo, a partir de uma perspectiva interseccional entre gênero e raça. A análise semiótica de posts no Facebook de três marcas brasileiras discute a constituição da identidade das mulheres negras, seu lugar na sociedade, assim como empoderamento e consumo na contemporaneidade, em um país sexista e racista. Verificamos como as interseccionalidades são abordadas (ou apagadas), em um cenário que visa inserir negros nos discursos publicitários.

 

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Identidade; Consumo; Interseccionalidade; Racismo; Feminismo Negro.

 

 

ABSTRACT

This article analyses the communication of brands that market products for curly and afro hair in celebration of International Women's Day and Black Awareness Day in 2018. Based in the origin of the two dates, we studied the political dimensions of consumerism, from an intersectional perspective between gender and race. The semiotic analysis of posts on Facebook of three Brazilian brands discusses the identity constitution of black women, their place in society, as well the empowerment and consumption in the contemporary, in a sexist and racist country. We verify how intersectionalities are approached (or erased), in a scenario that aims to insert black people in advertising discourses.

 

KEYWORDS: Identity; Consumerism; Intersectionality; Racism; Black Feminism.

 

 

RESUMEN

Este artículo analiza la comunicación de marcas que venden productos para el cabello crespo y rizado en celebración del Día Internacional de la Mujer y el Día de la Conciencia Negra en 2018. Basados en el origen de las dos fechas, estudiamos las dimensiones políticas del consumo desde una perspectiva interseccional entre género y raza. El análisis semiótico de las publicaciones en Facebook de tres marcas brasileñas estudia la constitución de la identidad de las mujeres negras, su lugar en la sociedad, así como el empoderamiento y el consumo en los tiempos contemporáneos, en un país sexista y racista. Verificamos cómo se abordan (o borran) la interseccionalidad, en un escenario que apunta a insertar negros en los discursos publicitarios.

 

PALABRAS CLAVE: Identidad; Consumen; Interseccionalidad; Racismo; Feminismo Negro.
INTERDISCIPLINARIDADE, CRITICIDADE E FORMAÇÃO SOCIOAMBIENTAL NA UNIVERSIDADE
Authors: Moraes Nelson Russo de , Souza Fernando da Cruz , Marchetti Cristiane Teixeira Bazílio , Moraes Felipe Góes de , Fonseca Joicileia Juliate
Published: January 2020

A produção do conhecimento interdisciplinar é pauta central deste trabalho, que traz os desafios da sociedade contemporânea como pano de fundo para um debate sobre a importância do pensamento crítico e da educação socioambiental para a formação de um profissional mais completo em contraposição a muitos dos desejos concretos da organização social vigente. Esta comunicação científica desdobra-se dos trabalhos desenvolvidos no GEDGS (Grupo de Estudos em Democracia e Gestão Social) da UNESP a partir da tese e textos de defesa de linha de pesquisa para a obtenção do título de livre-docente em Gestão e Educação Ambiental do Prof. Dr. Nelson Russo de Moraes, na FCE/UNESP, em setembro de 2019. Conclui em defesa de que, independentemente da área de formação, é importante a instrumentalização do pensamento crítico e o amadurecimento de um olhar socioambiental sobre diferentes grupamentos humanos.

 

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação socioambiental. Gestão social. Formação crítica.

 

 

ABSTRACT

The production of interdisciplinary knowledge is the central theme of this work, which brings the challenges of contemporary society as a background for a debate on the importance of critical thinking and socio-environmental education for the formation of a more complete professional in opposition to many of the concrete desires. of the current social organization. This scientific communication unfolds from the works developed at UNESP's GEDGS (Study Group on Democracy and Social Management) from the thesis and texts of defense of the research line to obtain the title of professor in Environmental Management and Education of PhD Nelson Russo de Moraes, FCE / UNESP, September 2019. Concludes in defense that, regardless of the area of ​​formation, the instrumentalization of critical thinking and the maturation of a socio-environmental perspective on different human groups is important.

 

KEYWORDS: Social and environmental education. Social management. Critical formation.
TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS E EDUCAÇÃO: impactos e desafios para uma nova configuração de subjetividade
Authors: Santos Elaine Moraes , Lastória Luiz Antonio Calmon Nabuco
Published: January 2020

Este trabalho pretende problematizar à luz da Teoria Crítica da Sociedade os impactos e desafios que o atual regime de vida apoiado no uso das tecnologias digitais traz para o campo da educação, com o intuito de que esta investigação possibilite um novo olhar metodológico sobre a utilização destes recursos em prol de um ambiente escolar que reconecte o espaço alargado entre os tradicionais moldes de ensino e a nova subjetividade e identidade contemporânea do alunado.
 
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Tecnologias digitais; Educação; Impactos; subjetividade
 
 
ABSTRACT
This work is designed to problematize in the light of the Critical Theory of the Society of the impacts and challenges that the current regime of life supported without the use of the digital technologies brings to the field of education, with the intention that this investigation allows a new methodological look on one of these resources in favor of a school environment that covers the wide space between the translators of teaching and new subjectivity and contemporary identity of the student.
 
KEYWORDS: Digital technologies; Education; Impacts; subjectivity
 
 
RESUMENEste trabajo pretende problematizar a la luz de la Teoría Crítica de la Sociedad los impactos y desafíos que el actual régimen de vida apoyado en el uso de las tecnologías digitales trae al campo de la educación, con el propósito de que esta investigación posibilite una nueva mirada metodológica sobre la utilización de éstos recursos en pro de un ambiente escolar que reconecte el espacio ampliado entre los tradicionales moldes de enseñanza y la nueva subjetividad e identidad contemporánea del alumnado.
 
PALABRAS CLAVE: Tecnologías digitales; Educación; Impactos; subjetividad.
A brief chronology of librarianship in Russia: status and prospects of development
Authors: Pleshkevich E. A.
Published: January 2020

The article provides an overview of the chronological table on the history of the national librarianship prepared by the Russian State Library staff. The chronology covers over 1,250 library and related events and facts that took place in the period from the mid XI-XX centuries. The paper reveals basic methodological problems of chronological surveys and gives methodical recommendations to overcome them. It notes that the foundation to construct the chronological table should be a model of historical development on which basis is the selection of specific events. The author shows the most significant events of the library history in details and in this way separates them from others.
Ccr6-Deficiency Attenuates Spontaneous Chronic Colitis in Winnie
Authors: Ranasinghe Ranmali , Fernando Ruchira , Perera Agampodi Promoda , Shastri Madhur , Basheer Waheedha , Scowen Paul , Pinfold Terry , Eri Rajaraman
Published: January 2020

The immunomodulatory behaviour of the CCR6/CCL20 axis in multi -system pathophysiology and molecular signalling was investigated at two clinically significant time points, using a Ccr6 - deficient mouse model of spontaneous colitis. Four groups of mice, (C57BL/6J, Ccr6-/- of C57BL/6J, Winnie x Ccr6 -/- and Winnie) were utilized and (I) colonic clinical parameters (2) histology of colon, spleen, kidney and liver (3) T and B lymphocyte distribution in the spleen and MLN by flowcytometry (5) colonic CCL20, phosphorylated PI3K and phosphorylated Akt expression by immunohistochemistry and (6) colonic cytokine expression by RT-PCR were evaluated. CCR6 deficiency was shown to attenuate inflammation in the spleen, liver and gut while renal histology remained unaffected. Marked focal lobular inflammation with reactive nuclear features were observed in hepatocytes and a significant neutrophil infiltration in red pulp with extra medullary hemopoiesis in the spleen existed in Winnie. These changes were considerably reduced in Winnie x Ccr6-/- with elevated goblet cell numbers and mucus production in the colonic epithelium. Results indicate that Ccr6- deficiency in the colitis model contributes towards resolution of disease. Our findings demonstrate an intricate networking role for CCR6 in immune activation, which is downregulated by Ccr6 deficiency, and could provide newer clinical therapies in colitis.
3D Geomechanical Evaluation of Jetting Operations for Producing Hydrate Chimneys in the Sea of Japan
Authors: Zhang Pengwei , Qiu Kaibin , Yoshihiro Terao , Kashihara Koji
Published: January 2020

The common occurrence of massive methane hydrate in numerous gas-chimney structures, located in Joetsu Basin, Sea of Japan, has stimulated great interest in academia, industry, and national institutes to develop technologies that produce the potential energy resource. Unlike other deep methane-hydrate deposits in formations a few hundred meters below the seafloor (mBSF), the hydrate-chimney structures are at the seafloor or up to 100 mBSF; therefore, previously field-tested production methods such as depressurization are not applicable. In this work, we proposed a new potential production method of jetting from the openhole section of a wellbore to excavate the hydrate bearing. However, jetting will create large empty chambers below the seafloor and could possibly jeopardize the stability and safety of wellheads and the production facility on the seafloor.

This paper presents a 3D geomechanical simulation study to evaluate the feasibility of the jetting method to produce methane from the hydrate chimneys in the Sea of Japan. In this work, we constructed three types of 3D geomechanical models to represent three shallow-methane-hydrate-inhabitation types (chunk, laminated, and dispersed) by using data from various sources. Dynamic numerical simulation using a 3D finite-element simulator was conducted to simulate the jetting process to excavate a 16-m-diameter chamber from the bottom of the borehole (approximately 100 mBSF) progressively up to the bottom of the conductor of the wellbore, approximately 10 mBSF.

The numerical simulation shows that jetting is likely to be feasible because all simulation cases resulted in tolerable vertical displacement and equivalent plastic strain under ideal conditions [e.g., lateral homogeneous formation, constant chamber pressure (equal to formation pore pressure), and blowout-preventer (BOP) weight of 20 tons]. In these cases, the plastic zone only extends to a limited area (10–20 cm) from the sidewall. Additional complexities were considered in the numerical simulation to evaluate the operational risks during actual jetting operations, such as faulting, fluctuation of chamber pressure, and change of BOP weights.

This numerical simulation evaluated potential risks related to jetting operations of hydrate chimneys in the Sea of Japan and provided critical information for the engineering design of the proposed field test of jetting operations to produce this valuable resource in the Sea of Japan.
Evaluation of Microvascular Network with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) in Branch Retinal vein Occlusion (BRVO)
Authors: Chen Lulu , Yuan Mingzhen , Sun Lu , Wang Yuelin , Chen Youxin
Published: January 2020

Purpose: To evaluate changes of microvascular network of macular and peripapillary regions and to provide a quantitative measurement of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in unilateral BRVO patients.
Methods: Forty-seven unilateral BRVO patients and forty-seven normal controls were enrolled. A 3*3 mm scan centered on fovea followed by a 4.5*4.5 mm scan centered on optic nerve head (ONH) were obtained in BRVO eyes, fellow eyes and control eyes of each individual using OCTA (Optovue Inc., Fremont, CA, USA). Vessel density (VD) in superficial (SVC) and deep vascular complex (DVC) of macula and radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) were automatically calculated. Parameters of FAZ region including size, perimeter, acircularity index (AI) and foveal vessel density 300 (FD-300) were measured.
Results: VDs of SCV and DVC were significantly lower, especially in affected regions, in BRVO eyes compared with fellow eyes (P<0.05). BRVO affected eyes has larger FAZ size, FAZ perimeter, AI and lower FD-300 compared with fellow eyes (all P<0.05). VD of SVC and FD-300 were lower in fellow eyes compared with normal control eyes (P<0.05). The average vessel density in whole area and peripapillary area in BRVO eyes were significantly lower compared with fellow eyes (P<0.05). VD of inside disc in fellow eyes was lower than normal eyes (P<0.05).
Conclusions: OCTA provided quantitative information of vascular changes in BRVO. FAZ in BRVO eyes showed significant morphological alterations and decreases of VD in surrounding area. Decreases of VD existed not only in SVC and DVC in macular region but also in RPCs in BRVO eyes. Unaffected eyes of unilateral BRVO showed vascular abnormalities in superficial retinal layer, peri-FAZ area and also peripapillary regions.
Key words: optical coherence tomography angiography, retinal vasculature, foveal avascular zone, radial peripapillary capillary, branch retinal vein occlusion
Does long-term recreational gymnastics prevent injurious falls in older women? A prospective 20-year follow-up
Authors: Uusi-Rasi Kirsti , Karinkanta Saija , Kannus Pekka , Tokola Kari , Sievänen Harri
Published: January 2020

Background

: Exercise interventions focused on balance and strength training have been shown to be effective for falls prevention. The aim of this 20-year register-based follow-up was to examine whether long-term participation in recreational female gymnastics is associated with a lower risk of medically-attended injurious falls.

Methods

: Health care register data of 187 women (103 recreational gymnasts and 84 sedentary controls) from the original cohort of 243 women were assessed. The mean age (sd) at baseline was 62.8 (5.4) years and the mean follow-up time was 19.4 (2.7) years (range from 5.6 to 21.0 years).

Injurious falls were scrutinized from medical records. An injurious fall was defined as an event in which falling was mentioned as a reason for making contact with the health-care professionals. Negative binomial regression was used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRR) for injurious falls, and Cox-regression models for calculating hazard ratios (HR) for injured fallers with the control group as reference.

Results

Recreational gymnasts had about 30% less injurious falls compared to controls, the mean IRR (95% CI) being 0.71 (0.51 to 0.96). Regarding injured fallers, the HR was 0.73 (0.52 to 1.02) favoring the recreational gymnasts. There were no statistically significant between-group differences for fractures.

Conclusion

s: Long-term recreational gymnastics appears to reduce the risk of injurious falls in old age.
NMDA Receptor-mediated CaMKII/ERK Activation Contributes to Renal Fibrosis
Authors: Zhou Jingyi , Liu Shuaihui , Guo Luying , Wang Rending , Chen Jianghua , Shen Jia
Published: January 2020

Background: Renal fibrosis (RF) results in renal function impairment and eventually kidney failure. We found that N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) played an important role during RF. However, its mechanism of action is yet to be deciphered.

Methods: Acute RF was induced in mice by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). NR1, which is the functional subunit of NMDAR, was downregulated using lentiviral vector-mediated shRNA interference. Histological changes were observed by Masson’s trichrome staining. Expression of NR1, fibrotic and EMT markers were measured by immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. HK-2 cells were incubated with TGF-β, and NMDAR antagonist MK-801 and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) antagonist KN-93 administration were further included in this study for pathway determination. Expression of NR1, total and phosphorylated CaMKII, total and phosphorylated ERK were measured using western blot and immunofluorescent assays. Chronic renal fibrosis was introduced by sublethal ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice, and oral NMDAR inhibitor dextromethorphan (DXM) administration was performed.

Results: NR1 expressions were upregulated in both obstructed kidneys and TGF-β treated HK-2 cells. NR1 knockdown, DXM, MK801, and KN93 reduced the fibrotic morphology in vivo and in vitro respectively, and companied with the downregulated ERK activation, while KN93 administration had no effect on NR1 and CaMKII levels.

Conclusions: NMDAR participates in both acute and chronic renal fibrogenesis via CaMKII/ERK activation, and is a potential therapeutic target for renal fibrosis.
Emerging coexistence of three PMQR genes on a multiple resistance plasmid with a new surrounding genetic structure of qnrS2 in E. coli in China
Authors: tao ying , zhou kaixin , xie lianyan , xu yanping , han lizhong , ni yuxing , qu jieming , sun jingyong
Published: January 2020

Background: Quinolones are commonly used for treatment of infections by bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family. However, the rising resistance to quinolones worldwide poses a major clinical and public health risk. This study aimed to characterise a novel multiple resistance plasmid carrying three plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in Escherichia coli clinical stain RJ749. Methods: MICs of ceftriaxone, cefepime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin for RJ749 and transconjugant c749 were determined by the Etest method. Conjugation was performed using sodium azide-resistant E. coli J53 strain as a recipient. The quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE were PCR-amplified. Results: RJ749 was highly resistant to quinolones, while c749 showed low-level resistance. S1-nuclease pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed that RJ749 and c749 both harboured a plasmid. PCR presented chromosomal mutation sites of the quinolone resistance-determining region, which mediated quinolone resistance. The c749 genome comprised a single plasmid, pRJ749, with a multiple resistance region, including three plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes (aac(6′)-Ib-cr, qnrS2, and oqxAB) and ten acquired resistance genes. One of the genes, qnrS2, was shown for the first time to be flanked by two IS26s. Three IS26-mediated circular molecules carrying the PMQR genes were detected. Conclusions: We revealed the coexistence of three PMQR genes on a multiple resistance plasmid and a new surrounding genetic structure of qnrS2 flanked by IS26 elements. IS26 plays an important role in horizontal spread of quinolone resistance.
Augmented Exercise in Hospital Improves Physical Performance and Reduces Negative Post Hospitalization Events: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: McCullagh Ruth , O'Connell Eimear , O'Meara Sarah , Dahly Darren , O'Reilly Eilis , O'Connor Kieran , Horgan N.Frances , Timmons Suzanne
Published: January 2020

Background: To measure the effects of an augmented prescribed exercise programme versus usual care, on physical performance, quality of life and healthcare utilisation for frail older medical patients in the acute setting. Methods: This was a parallel single-blinded randomised controlled trial. Within two days of admission, older medical inpatients with an anticipated length of stay ≥3 days, needing assistance/aid to walk, were blindly randomly allocated to the intervention or control group. Until discharge, both groups received twice daily, Monday-to-Friday half-hour assisted exercises, assisted by a staff physiotherapist. The intervention group completed tailored strengthening and balance exercises; the control group performed stretching and relaxation exercises. Length of stay was the primary outcome measure. Blindly assessed secondary measures included readmissions within three months, and physical performance (Short Physical Performance Battery) and quality of life (EuroQOL-5D-5L) at discharge and at three months. Time-to-event analysis was used to measure differences in length of stay, and regression models were used to measure differences in physical performance, quality of life, adverse events (falls, deaths) and negative events (prolonged hospitalisation, institutionalisation). Results: Of the 199 patients allocated, 190 patients’ (aged 80 ±7.5 years) data were analysed. Groups were comparable at baseline. In intention-to-treat analysis, length of stay did not differ between groups (HR 1.09 (95% CI, 0.77-1.56) p=0.6). Physical performance was better in the intervention group at discharge (difference 0.88 (95% CI, 0.20-1.57) p=0.01), but lost at follow-up (difference 0.45 (95% CI, -0.43 – 1.33) p=0.3). An improvement in quality of life was detected at follow-up in the intervention group (difference 0.28 (95% CI, 0.9 – 0.47) p=0.004). Overall, fewer negative events occurred in the intervention group (OR 0.46 (95% CI 0.23 – 0.92) p=0.03). Conclusion: Improvements in physical performance, quality of life and fewer negative events suggest that this intervention is of value to frail medical inpatients. Its effect on length of stay remains unclear.
Supporting the clinical use of the ICF in Japan – Development of the Japanese version of the simple, intuitive descriptions for the ICF Generic-30 Set, its operationalization through a rating reference guide, and interrater reliability study
Authors: Mukaino Masahiko , Prodinger Birgit , Yamada Shin , Senju Yuki , Izumi Shin-Ichi , Sonoda Shigeru , Selb Melissa , Saitoh Eiichi , Stucki Gerold
Published: January 2020

Background: The World Health Organization developed the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) in 2001 and has been in the process of implementing it in clinics since then. Current international efforts to implement ICF in rehabilitation clinics include the implementation of ICF Core Sets and the development of simple, intuitive descriptions for the ICF Generic-30 Set (also called Rehabilitation Set). The present study was designed to operationalize these ICF tools for clinical practice in Japan. This work included 1) the development of the Japanese version of the simple, intuitive descriptions for the ICF Generic-30 Set, 2) the development of a rating reference guide for Activity and Participation categories, and 3) the examination of the interrater reliability of rating Activity and Participation categories.
Methods: The Japanese version of the simple, intuitive descriptions for the ICF Generic-30 Set was developed following the process employed to develop the Chinese and Italian versions.
For further operationalization of this ICF Set in practice, a rating reference guide was developed. The development of the rating reference guide involved the following steps: 1) a trial of rating patients by several raters, 2) cognitive interviewing of the raters to analyze the thinking process involved in rating, 3) drafting of the rating reference guide, and 4) review by ICF specialists to confirm consistency with the original ICF concepts.
After the rating reference guide was developed, interrater reliability of the rating with the reference guide was determined. Interrater reliability was examined using weighted kappa statistics with linear weight.
Results: Through the pre-defined process, the Japanese version of the simple, intuitive descriptions for 30 categories of the ICF Generic-30 Set and the rating reference guides for 21 Activity and Participation categories were successfully developed. The weighted kappa statistics ranged from 0.61 to 0.85, showing substantial to excellent agreement of the ratings between raters.
Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that ICF categories can be translated into clinical practice. Collaboration between clinicians and researchers would further enhance the implementation of the ICF in Japan.
High detection rate of osteoporosis with screening of a general hospitalized population: a 6-year study in 6406 patients in a University Hospital setting.
Authors: Malaise Olivier , Detroz Marie , Leroy Mathieu , Leonori Lorenzo , Seidel Laurence , Malaise Michel
Published: January 2020

Background: Osteoporosis is a highly prevalent disease identified by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) that can be performed in an ambulatory (out-patient) or hospitalized population. We evaluated the use of baseline in-hospital DEXA screening to identify osteoporosis in ambulatory care and hospitalized patients; we also assessed specific risk factors for osteoporosis among these populations. Methods: We included a baseline initial DEXA from 6406 consecutive patients at our tertiary referral University Hospital. Results: Osteoporosis was diagnosed in 22.3% of the study population. In univariate analysis, osteoporosis risk factors were age, fracture history and low BMI (for all 3 sites), but also corticotherapy (lumbar spine and femoral neck) and male (lumbar spine). In multivariate analysis, age, fracture history, low BMI, and male increased osteoporosis risk. In-hospital screening yielded a higher percentage of osteoporosis positive scans than ambulatory care screening (31.8% vs 18.5%, p<0.001).In-hospital screening targeted an older and more predominantly male population with a higher fracture history. Z-scores revealed that this difference was not only due to an older age of the population and mainly concerned cortical bone. Conclusions: In-hospital osteoporosis screening revealed more osteoporosis than screening in ambulatory practiceand could be an additional tool to improve the identification and management of osteoporosis. In addition to typical risk factors, we identified male as an osteoporosis risk factor in our cohort.
Finding an efficient tetramethylated hydroxydiethylene of resveratrol analogue for potential anticancer agent
Authors: Xin Zhen-Hui , Meng Ya-Li , Jiang Wen-Jing , Li Ya-Peng , Ge Li-Ping , Zhang Cun-Hui , Liu Lian-Na , Kang Yan-Fei
Published: January 2020

With the improvement and advance in cancer diagnosis and treatment, the cancer is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Obviously, new breakthroughs in therapies remain be urgent needed. In this work, we designed and synthesized the compound 1-4, namely resveratrol analogues with methylation of hydroxy distyrene, to further explore its new anti-cancer potential. Encouragingly, compound 1 (( E )-4,4'-(ethene-1,2-diyl)bis(3,5-dimethylphenol)) exhibited cytotoxicity superior to resveratrol in MCF 7 cells. More importantly, the compound 1 showed greater toxicity to tumor cells than that to normal cells, which proved that it could selectively kill tumor cells. The favorable results encouraged us to explore the inhibitory mechanism of compound 1 on MCF 7 cells. The research finding indicated the compound 1 inhibited tumor cell proliferation by both arresting cell cycle in S phase and apoptosis via a prooxidant manner. In addition, the results further verified compound 1 caused cell cycle arrest in S phase and apoptosis by down-regulation of the cycling A1/cycling A2 expression and the rise of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in a p21-dependant pathway in MCF 7 cells. Therefore, these results are helpful for the effective design of anticancer reagents and the better understanding of their mechanism of action.
Polymorphic markers for identification of parasite population in Plasmodium malariae
Authors: Mathema Vivek Bhakta , Nakeesathit Supatchara , Pagornrat Watcharee , Smithuis Frank , White Nicholas J , Dondorp Arjen , Imwong Mallika
Published: January 2020

Background Molecular genotyping in Plasmodium serves many aims including providing tools for studying parasite population genetics and distinguishing recrudescence from reinfection. Microsatellite typing, insertion-deletion (INDEL) and single nucleotide polymorphisms is used for genotyping, but only limited information is available for Plasmodium malariae, an important human malaria species. This study aimed to provide a set of genetic markers to facilitate the study of P. malariae population genetics. Methods Markers for microsatellite genotyping and pmmsp1 gene polymorphisms were developed and validated in symptomatic P. malariae field isolates from Myanmar (N=37). Fragment analysis was used to determine allele sizes at each locus to calculate multiplicity of infections (MOI), linkage disequilibrium, genetic richness index, heterozygosity and construct dendrograms. Nucleotide diversity (π), number of haplotypes, and genetic diversity (Hd) were assessed and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. Genome-wide microsatellite maps with annotated regions of newly identified markers were constructed. Results Six microsatellite markers were developed and tested in 37 P. malariae isolates which showed sufficient heterozygosity (0.530-0.922), genetic richness index (0.050-0.250) and absence of linkage disequilibrium (IAS = 0.03, p-value > 0.05)(N=37). In addition, a tandem repeat (VNTR)-based pmmsp1 INDEL polymorphisms marker was developed and assessed in 27 P. malariae isolates showing a nucleotide diversity of 0.0976, haplotype gene diversity of 0.698 and identified 14 unique variants. The size of VNTR consensus repeat unit adopted as allele was 27 base pairs. The markers Pm12_426 andpmmsp1 showed greatest diversity with heterozygosity scores of 0.920 and 0.835, respectively. Using six microsatellites markers, the likelihood that any two parasite strains would have the same microsatellite genotypes was 8.46 × 10-4 and was further reduced to 1.66 × 10-4 when pmmsp1 polymorphisms were included. Conclusions Six novel microsatellites genotyping markers and a set of pmmsp1 VNTR-based INDEL polymorphisms markers for P. malariae were developed and validated. Each marker could be independently or in combination employed to access genotyping of the parasite. The newly developed markers may serve as a useful tool for investigating parasite diversity, population genetics, molecular epidemiology and for distinguishing recrudescence from reinfection in drug efficacy studies.
Loosening and revision rates after total shoulder arthroplasty: a systematic review of cemented all-polyethylene glenoid and design of the modern metal-backed glenoid
Authors: Kim Dong Min , Aldeghaither Mohammed , Alabdullatif Fahad , Shin Myung Jin , Kholinne Erica , Kim Hyojune , Jeon In-Ho , Koh Kyoung-Hwan
Published: January 2020

Background: Modern designs of metal-backed glenoids (MBG) have been devised to overcome flaws such as loosening and a high failure rate. This review aimed to compare rates of complications and revision surgeries between the modern metal-backed glenoid (MBG) and the cemented polyethylene glenoid (PEG).Methods: Literature search was carried out using PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Google Scholar using MeSH terms and natural keywords. A total of 1186 articles were screened. We descriptively analyzed numerical data between the groups and statistically analyzed the categorical data, such as the presence of radiolucent line, loosening, and revision surgery (failure). Articles were divided into 3 groups based on follow-up duration: short-term < 36 months, midterm 36–72 months, and long-term > 72 months.Results: This study included 35 articles (3769 shoulders); 25 on cemented PEG and ten on the modern MBG. Mean age was 66.4 (21–93) and 66.5 years (31–88). The mean duration of follow-up was 73.1 (12–211) and 56.1 months (24–100). Overall, the rate of the radiolucent line was 354/1302 (27%) and 47/282 (17%), the loosening rate was 465/3185 (15 %) and 22/449 (5%), and the failure rate was 189/3316 (6%) and 11/457 (2%), for PEG and MBG, respectively. The results of short- and mid-term FU studies showed lower rates of radiolucency and loosening in the cemented PEG group, but there was no significant difference in failure rate (P=0.754 and 0.829, respectively). In long-term FU, MBG was better in terms of loosening (P <0.001) and failure rates (P = 0.006).Conclusions: The modern MBG component, especially TM glenoid, seems to be a promising alternative to cemented PEGs, based on subgroup revision rates according to the follow-up duration and overall results of ROM and clinical scores. All polyethylene glenoids tend to increase loosening and failure over time. The modern MBG seems to have no difference in failure, at least in the short- and mid-term compared to the cemented PEG. More long-term follow-up studies on modern MBG should be ultimately conducted.
Relationship between air pollutants and risk of diabetes:a cohort study based meta-analysis
Authors: Mohemaiti Patamu , Simayi Aidibai , Qin Xiao Xiao , Kadeer Aizhatiguli
Published: January 2020

Background : To investigate the effects of air pollutants on the incidence of diabetes, and to provide reliable evidence for the prevention and control of diabetes. Method : Electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Wanfang Digital Periodicals (WANFANG), WeiPu, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Springer, and Ovid were searched. RevMan5.3 software was used for meta analysis of the literature included in this study, I 2 was used to measure the heterogeneity of the research contents of the included literature, and fixed effect model or random effect model was used for combined analysis of the overall incidence of diabetes and the incidence of diabetes under different air pollutants. Result : A total of 22 articles with high overall quality were included in this study, including 2703882 subjects and 535190 patients with diabetes.Pooled effect of the studies was determined using relative risk(RR). PM 10 ( RR =1.00; 95% CI :0.99-1.02, P =0.61), PM 2.5 ( RR =1.02 ; 95% C I:1.01-1.04, P =0.01), NO X ( RR =1.00; 95% CI :1.00-1.01, P =0.006), NO 2 ( RR =1.00; 95% CI :1.00-1.01, P =0.01), O 3 ( RR =1.00; 95% CI :0.99-1.01, P =0.99). No correlation was found between PM 10 , NO 2 , O 3 and the risk of type 2 diabetes. The risk of diabetes increased by 1% in people exposed to total air pollutants, increased by 2% in people exposed to PM 2.5 , and increased by 1% in people exposed to NO X . Conclusion : Results of this paper showed that air pollutants are weakly positively correlated with the risk of diabetes. As to the other influencing factors should be further studied.
Assessment of choriocapillary blood flow changes in response to half-dose PDT in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy using OCTA
Authors: Liu Juejun , Chen Changzheng , Li Lu , Xu Yishuang , Yi Zuohuizi , He Lu , Zheng Hongmei
Published: January 2020

Background: To quantify flow changes in choriocapillaris (CC) in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CCSC) in the treatment of half-dose photodynamic therapy (PDT) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) .
Methods : A total of 28 affected eyes and 24 unaffected eyes of 26 CCSC patients receiving half-dose PDT, and 40 eyes of 20 healthy gender- and age-matched subjects were retrospectively enrolled. Proportion of total areas of flow signal voids ( FSV , %) in CC level of OCTA were mainly assessments in both eyes of the CCSC patients at baseline and repeated in multiple sections at 1-week, 1-month, 3-month and 6-month intervals after PDT. In addition , CC patterns in response to PDT at early stage and their subsequent morphologic changes were qualitatively documented using OCTA.
Results: For affected eyes, significant decrease in FSV was found at 6-m follow-up than 1-m follow-up (p=0.036). Comparing to normal control eyes, FSV in affected eyes was significantly higher at 1-m, 3-m and 6-m follow-up (p<0.05 for all), while FSV in unaffected eyes was significantly higher at baseline, 1-w, 1-m and 3-m follow-up (p<0.05 for all). Three CC patterns of early response to PDT can be identified, including signs of recovery with more even flow signals, transient appearance of worsen ischemia and secondary neovascularization within CC level.
Conclusion: Abnormal CC flow attenuation remained in completely resolved eyes of CCSC patients treated with half-dose PDT.

Key Words: Chronic; Central Serous Chorioretinopathy; Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography; Photodynamic Therapy
A Comparison of EFECE Systems With Tension Band Wiring for Patella Fracture Fixation in Cadavers
Authors: Karadeniz Emre , Keskinöz Elif Nedret
Published: January 2020

Background EFECE Systems are newly-defined internal fixation systems, which are suitable for patella fracture fixation. The aim of this study was to compare the fixation strength of EFECE Systems with tension band wiring for transverse patellar fracture simulation on fresh frozen cadaver models.Methods Quadriceps tendon-patella-patellar tendon (QT-P-PT) complex was prepared from human cadavers. After simulation of a transverse patella fracture, in Group 1, 5 patella were fixed with a pair of 1.2 mm EFECE wires and 4 EFECE devices. In Group 2, 5 patella were fixed with a pair of 1.2 mm Kirschner wires (K-wire) and a cerclage wire according to the tension band technique. Using a testing device with custom-made jaws, increasing distraction force was applied to these QT-P-PT complexes. Extension of these complexes with the distraction forces was observed. The maximum distraction force and the elongation during maximum force were evaluated.Results After 5 experiments with the EFECE Systems, there was no EFECE wire breakage or EFECE wire-EFECE device catching failure. The median maximum force was 740 N (720-810N). During maximum distraction force the median extension was 2.5 mm (1.6-2.5 mm).After 5 experiments with the tension band technique, there was no K-wire breakage. The median maximum force was 330 N (240-510N). During this maximum distraction force the median extension was 3.4 mm (2.2-3.8 mm).Conclusions Based on the biomechanical advantages, patella fracture treatment with EFECE systems may constitute a reasonable alternative in the treatment of patella fractures.
A Prospective, Randomized and Controlled Study on Tissue Adhesive for Skin Incision in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Kong Xiangpeng , Yang Minzhi , Guo Renwen , Chen Jiying , Wei Chai , Wang Yan
Published: January 2020

BackgroundThe study focusing on the tissue adhesive in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) was rare. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes and economic costs of tissue adhesive when acting as the adjunct to standard incision closure in TKA.Methods From September 2019 to November 2019, we prospectively enrolled the consecutive patients who underwent simultaneous bilateral TKA in our institute. The allocation whether using the tissue adhesive was done after the subcuticular suture in right knee first and another method was applied in the left knee automatically. The patients’ demographics, length of stay (LOS), times of dressing changes and incision-related cost, range of motion (ROM), incision-related complications and incision evaluation scores were recorded.Results Thirty-two patients were enrolled in this study and followed at two months after surgery. In the knees of tissue adhesive, the times of dressing change and patient scar assessment scores (PSAS) were significantly less than those in the control group (p=0.000; p=0.003). Although there were no significant differences of the delayed discharge, incision-related cost, ROM, incision-related complications and Vancouver scar score (VSS) between two groups, 65.6% (21/32) patients preferred the tissue adhesive and only 15.6% (5/32) patients preferred the standard incision closure.Conclusions Tissue adhesive could effectively reduce postoperative wound drainage and improve patients’ satisfaction rate with no difference in medical costs and ROM in TKA. The application of tissue adhesive and subcuticular sutures might be a relatively ideal method of skin closure in TKA.