bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Czy kraje rozwijające się mogą zwiększyć inwestycje zagraniczne poprzez dzielenie się swoimi prawami podatkowymi?
Authors: Krauss Tabea
Published: March 2023

Niniejszy artykuł stanowi analizę wpływu umów o unikaniu podwójnego opodatkowania na napływy BIZ zarówno do krajów rozwiniętych, jak i rozwijających się. W celu oszacowania ogólnego wpływu istnienia umowy podatkowej między symetrycznymi i asymetrycznymi parami państw na BIZ zastosowano równanie modelu grawitacyjnego. Ponadto w tym samym równaniu grawitacyjnym, jako zmienne objaśniające, zostały zastosowane wskaźniki ukazujące zakres praw do nałożenia podatku u źródła wynegocjowany w ramach umowy podatkowej. Wykazano, że zawarcie traktatu podatkowego w ogóle, a w szczególności umowy w znacznym stopniu zabezpieczającej możliwość nałożenia podatku u źródła, jest negatywnie skorelowane z napływami BIZ (–23,05%). Silniejszy efekt można zaobserwować w przypadku napływów BIZ do krajów rozwijających się (–29,53%), co wskazuje na to, że kraje stają przed koniecznością wypracowania kompromisu pomiędzy przyciąganiem BIZ ze strony przedsiębiorstw międzynarodowych, a generowaniem dochodów podatkowych z działalności gospodarczej prowadzonej na ich własnym terytorium.
Czy banki sektora publicznego w Indiach stanowią porażkę rządu? – empiryczna analiza porównawcza banków sektora publicznego i prywatnego
Authors: Chopra Sahil
Published: March 2023

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przeanalizowanie zależności między rentownością banków w Indiach a ich strukturą własności. Powody dokonania pomiaru siły oddziaływania struktury własności wyłoniły się z teorii zawodności rządu. Wykorzystano niezależnie skonstruowany zbiór danych obejmujący wszystkie komercyjne banki sektora publicznego i prywatnego w Indiach według stanu z kwietnia 2020 r. Dane dotyczą okresu od 2004 do 2020 r. Poszczególne dane o bankach zebrano z ich stron internetowych, a hipotezy testowano poprzez oszacowanie modelu ekonometrycznego, w tym przypadku modelu OLS typu pooled. Wnioskiem płynącym z badania jest to, że wyniki banków będących własnością rządu są gorsze w porównaniu z tymi uzyskiwanymi przez banki prywatne. Przyczynami mogą być: ogromna liczba kredytów sankcjonowanych w sektorach priorytetowych, nieuczciwe praktyki wynikające z działania grup interesów, korupcja oraz nieefektywność pracowników w sektorach publicznych.
อุบัติการณ์และปัจจัยเสี่ยงของการเกิดภาวะหลังการติดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนา 2019: การศึกษาแบบภาคตัดขวาง
Authors: นาถอนันต์ สิรินทร์ , สุริยงค์ พงศ์พันธุ์
Published: March 2023

บทนำ: การติดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนา 2019 (Coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) หรือโรคโควิด-19 ทำให้ผู้รอดชีวิตส่วนหนึ่งไดรับผลกระทบจากภาวะหลังการติดเชื้อโควิด-19 (Post COVID-19) ทั้งในระยะสั้นและระยะยาว
วัตถุประสงค์: เพื่อศึกษาอุบัติการณ์ของการเกิดภาวะหลังการติดเชื้อโควิด-19ปัจจัยที่เกี่ยวข้องและสำรวจการใช้ยาในการรักษาภาวะดังกล่าว
วิธีการศึกษา: การศึกษาแบบภาคตัดขวางจากข้อมูลผู้ป่วยที่มีประวัติเข้ารับการรักษาโรคโควิด-19 ตั้งแต่วันที่ 3 เมษายน พ.ศ. 2563 ถึงวันที่ 31 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2565 ที่บันทึกไว้ในฐานข้อมูลของโรงพยาบาลหนองมะโมง จังหวัดชัยนาท ประเทศไทย และสัมภาษณ์ผ่านทางโทรศัพท์ จำนวน 260 คน คัดเลือกโดยวิธีสุ่มแบบเป็นระบบ และวิเคราะห์ผลโดยใช้สถิติถดถอยโลจิสติก
ผลการศึกษา: ผู้ป่วยจำนวนทั้งหมด 260 คน พบอุบัติการณ์ของการเกิดภาวะหลังการติดเชื้อโควิด-19 คิดเป็นร้อยละ 79.2 (206 คน) โดยเพศหญิงมีโอกาสเกิดภาวะดังกล่าวเท่ากับ 2.5 เท่า ของเพศชาย (95% CI, 1.35 - 4.64; P < .05) การใช้ยาฟาวิพริ าเวียร์ สมุนไพรฟ้าทะลายโจร และการได้รับวัคซีนป้องกัน โรคโควิด-19 ไม่มีความสัมพันธ์กับการเกิดภาวะดังกล่าว (P > .05) และผู้ป่วยที่มีอาการจากภาวะหลังการติดเชื้อโควิด-19 คิดเป็นร้อยละ 49.0 (101 คน) มีการใช้ยาหรือวิตามินเพื่อรักษาหรือบรรเทาอาการ
สรุป: ผู้ป่วยติดเชื้อโควิด-19 ส่วนใหญ่เผชิญกับอาการจากภาวะหลังการติดเชื้อโควิด-19 และพบในเพศหญิงมากกว่าเพศชาย
the COMMUNITY EDUCATION AND TRAUMA HEALING ON PEKALONGAN FLOOD VICTIMS IN REFUGEES IN 2021
Authors: Alfira Nuril Aissya Alfira Nuril Aissya
Published: March 2023

Flood disaster in Pekalongan City in February 2021 has been going onfor more than 1 week. Several evacuation posts have been prepared toaccommodate people affected by the flood. The floods that occurred amid theCovid-19 pandemic caused anxiety and concern, both adults and children alsofelt the impact of the flood, as a result most residents forgot their PHBS habits(clean and healthy lifestyle) and did not comply with the 4M health protocol(wearing masks, washing hand, keep your distance, and avoid crowds) when youare at the evacuation post. This situation cannot be allowed to drag on, theconstant anxiety and worry can lower a person's immunity so that he has theopportunity to contract the Covid-19 virus. The purpose of this service is toremind the public of the importance of maintaining PHBS (a clean and healthylifestyle) and complying with the 4M health protocol (wearing masks, washinghands, keeping distance, avoiding crowds), and reducing community anxiety andconcern. The method used in this service is community education related toPHBS and 4M as well as trauma healing by doing creative aerobic exercises.The result of this service is increasing public awareness regarding theimplementation of PHBS (a clean and healthy lifestyle) and continuing to carryout 4M (wearing masks, washing hands, maintaining distance, avoiding crowds)in refugee environments and increasing physical fitness, and providing joy, sothat these activities help reduce the anxiety, worry and fear experienced bypeople affected by flooding
An Effort to Increase Awareness of Maintaining the Health of the People of Cimara Village Through Free Examinations and Treatment With Luragung KMC Hospital
Authors: Kkn Desa Cimara Kkn Desa Cimara
Published: March 2023

Kesehatan merupakan hal yang sangat diinginkan oleh semua mahluk hidup di muka bumi ini, karena kondisi tubuh yang sakit akan membuat seseorang menjadi tidak produktif dan bisa mendapatkan resiko kematian dalam kondisi pandemic covid-19 seperti saat ini, menjaga konsidi tubuh agar tetapsehat merupakan hal utama yang selalu di usahakan oleh masyarakat dunia agar terhindar dari paparan virus covid-19. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini yaitu melalui kegiatan pemerkisaan dan pengobatan gratis yang ditujukan untuk seluruh masyarakat Desa Cimara dengan harapan meningkatnya kesadaran pentingnya menjaga kesehatan dengan melakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan secara rutin sejak dini baik melalui klinik maupun puskesmas setempat. Metode dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian ini yaitu meliputi: tahap perencanaan, tahap pemberian informasi, tahap pelaksanaan. Dengan kegiatan ini masyarakat bisa menyampaikan keluhanya serta berkonsultasi dengan dokter mengenai penyakit yang dideritanya. Sehingga, masyarakat akan paham mengenai pentingnya menjaga kesehatan. Hal ini dapat meminimalisir terjadinya angka kematian yang disebabkan oleh kurangnya pemahaman mengenai pentingnya pemeriksaan kesehatan secara rutin sejak dini baik melalui klinik maupun puskesmas setempat.

Kata Kunci: kesehatan, pemeriksaan, pengobatan gratis, RSU KMC Luragung
Comparison of Outcome on Early and Late Initiation Of Operative Treatment in Children With Lateral Condyle Fracture of Humerus
Authors: Rahman Md Abdur , Chowdhury Md Mizanur Rahman , Choudhury Anwarul Islam , Arifeen Khandker Md Nurul
Published: March 2023

Background: Lateral condyle fracture of humerus in children is the second most common fracture around elbow occurs less commonly than supracondylar fracture in the range of 15% to 20% that must be treated by operation. To find out the demographic variations, causes, functional movements and complications of late cases of lateral condyle fracture of humerus in children treated by open reduction and internal fixation and also comparison with early cases.

Materials and methods: This prospective interventional study was carried out in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and Chittagong Medical College Hospital for the duration of 03 years and 06 months. Total 24 patients of fracture lateral condyle of humerus in children age ranges from 02 to 14 years were selected but due to loss of follow up, 20 children were taken in account for the study. Total patients were divided into two groups- group I: early (Up to 4 weeks) and group II: late (5 to 12 weeks) according to time interval from injury to operative treatment.

Results: In this study, Out of 20 patients, male (85%) were more than female (15%) left side involvement was 60% and right side was 40%. Among causes of injury, 55% was due to sports injury, 30% was fall from height and 15% from RTA. 35% initially treated by plaster cast, 60% by traditionally bone setter. 55% were misdiagnosed, complications were 10% in group I and 30% in group II. Outcome was satisfactory with 100% in group I and 70% in group II.+

Conclusion: Outcome was better in early cases by operative treatment but late cases up to 12 weeks should be treated by operation.

JCMCTA 2019 ; 30 (2) : 10-15
Legal Mechanisms for the Stimulation of the Digital Economy in Developing Countries
Authors: Tareck Alsamara
Published: March 2023

Background: The digital economy has become a significant driver of economic growth in developing countries. However, to fully realise the benefits of the digital economy, legal mechanisms must be put in place to create an environment for its growth. Methods: This article provides an overview of legal mechanisms that can be implemented to stimulate a digital economy in developing countries. These legal mechanisms include the development of appropriate legal frameworks for e-commerce, intellectual property rights protection, privacy and data protection laws, and cybersecurity laws. Additionally, legal mechanisms that promote innovation and entrepreneurship, such as tax incentives, venture capital financing, and business incubators, are also essential. Results and conclusion: The implementation of legal mechanisms can help developing countries build a vibrant digital economy, create jobs, and improve the standard of living for their citizens.
Various Clinical Overviews in Pelvic Cavity Cancer In “Dharmais” National Cancer Hospital (DNCH)
Authors: Suzanna Evlina , Adisasmita Asri C , Rahayu Pradnya Sri , Shalmont Grace
Published: March 2023

Background: Pelvic cavity is formed by the bones of pelvic organs where there are many system organs. Pelvic cavity cancer incidence in Jakarta from 2005 to 2007 was 13.96/100.000 population. In “Dharmais” National Cancer Hospital (DNCH), the frequency in 1993-2007 was 26% of all cancer. The purpose of the research is to find an overview of epidemiological (age group, gender, domicile, educational, marital status, tumor location) and clinical (symptoms and stage) cancer pelvic cavity. Methods: This cross-sectional study used the medical records of patients registered with DNCH as new cases and diagnosed by microscopic examination during 2005-2007. The study population is a case of cancer with the diagnosis of the location of the primary tumor in the pelvic cavity area. The sample calculation used a precision formula and obtained a minimum sample of 323. The data collection used questionnaires and obtained 326 cases. The data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 with Chi-square test (α = 0.05).Results: Pelvic cavity cancer is a major problem in females (91.1%) with peak ages 45-59. Variations of clinical features in males and females were 24 and 35 symptomatic. In males, the most common clinical feature is dark/blood stool (41.38%), generally on rectal cancer, followed by weight loss (20.69%) which overlaps at five organs. In females, the most common clinical features are vaginal bleeding (43.77%), and vaginal spotting (13.47%), which occurs in cervix cancer, followed by abdominal pain (13.47%) that overlaps in six organs. Conclusions: Cancer, especially primary tumors of the pelvic cavity, is not a “silent killer” disease because the clinical picture can appear at an early stage. This study also provides a common clinical picture in patients with primary tumors in the pelvic cavity even though they are in one cavity. The clinical picture that appears is specific according to the primary tumor. In addition, some symptoms are possessed by various organs, so they are nonspecific.
The Effectiveness of Laughter Yoga to Improve Individual and Peer Happiness Among Cancer Patients
Authors: Werdani Yesiana Dwi Wahyu
Published: March 2023

Background: Cancer therapy during the pandemic causes physical and psychological problems. It impacts happiness in their lives. Laughter yoga is an intervention that can increase happiness. The purpose of this study is to prove that laughter yoga can increase the achievement of individual and peer happiness in cancer patients undergoing therapy in a pandemic situation. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental with a non-equivalent control group design. The total sample was 40 cancer patients at the Indonesia Cancer Foundation East Java selected through the inclusion and exclusion criteria. In the implementation, 20 people belong to the intervention group (IG) and 20 other people belong to the control group (CG). The IG provided laughter yoga 2x/a week for 4 weeks with 14 steps, while CG only through daily activities. Both groups conducted pre-test and post-tests using The Subjective Happiness Scale. The scale consists of two indicators: individual happiness and peers’ happiness. In addition, the calculation of the two indicators is done separately. The instrument has been tested for its validity and reliability. The data were normally distributed (Shapiro-Wilk test p > 0.05). Statistical test was conducted using paired t-test (p < 0.05) to test the pre-post data in both groups and independent sample t-test (p < 0.05) to test the effectiveness of the intervention compared to the control group.Results: Demographic data of respondents was homogenous. The mean score of individual and peer happiness before and after intervention in the IG increased. It means that respondents had better happiness. Meanwhile, in the CG there was a stagnation score of individual and peer happiness. Paired t-test in the IG showed that individual and peers’ happiness got the same p-value < 0.001 each. In the CG, individual happiness records p = 1.000 and peers’ happiness p = 0.083. Statistical tests conducted by Independent t-test to compare IG and CG had the p = 0.012 for individual happiness and p = < 0.001 for peers’ happiness.Conclusions: Laughter yoga has a significant effect to enhance individual and peer happiness compared to respondents who only carry out normal daily activities, especially for cancer patients undergoing therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Morphological Changes and Apoptosis of Buccal Mucosa Basal Epithelium in Heads and Necks during Cancer Radiotherapy
Authors: Prihastuti Christiana Cahyani , Widodo A. Haris Budi , Bagasworo Nabila Prandita , Widikusumo Arundito , Novrial Dody , Wahyono Daniel Joko , Wardana Tirta
Published: March 2023

Background: Radiotherapy is generally used to treat head and neck malignancy through high radiation, focusing on killing cancer cells. However, some adverse effects in oral mucosal tissue, including cell morphology changes and apoptosis, are commonly found. This study aims to determine the morphological changes and apoptosis of buccal mucosa epithelium after radiotherapy in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients.Methods: This study involved 8 subjects of patients diagnosed with HNC. Buccal mucosal smear samples were collected using cytobrush two times, before and after radiotherapy, with a dose of 70 Gy in 7 weeks. The specimens were prepared and stained using Feulgen and Rosenbeck technique. Observations were made using a light microscope with a count per 1000 epithelial cells. Statistical analysis was performed using statistical software with Pearson’s correlation test and significance t-test (p < 0.05) between irradiated and non-irradiated samples.Results: Data analysis showed significant changes in cell morphological damage and apoptosis in patients before and after radiotherapy. It increases in the number of micronuclei (p = 0.001), broken egg (p = 0.001), binuclei (p = 0.003), pyknosis (p = 0.033), karyorrhexis (p = 0.020), and karyolysis (p = 0,004). Conclusions: The effects of radiation reflect morphological changes and apoptosis in the buccal mucosa basal epithelium in HNC patients.
Real-Time MRI-guided Radiation Therapy for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Tail Cancer in Contact with The Colon
Authors: Hama Yukihiro , Tate Etsuko
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Curative radiation therapy for locally advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is difficult when the tumor is in contact with the colon. In this regard, MRI-guided radiation therapy (MRgRT) provides real-time MRI during radiation therapy, resulting in highdose radiation delivery to the target while avoiding surrounding organs at risk (OARs), such as the intestinal tract. Case Presentation: A 94-year-old woman with locally advanced PDAC in the pancreatic tail underwent high-dose (72 Gy/30 fractions) real-time hypo-fractionated MRgRT to avoid irradiation of the colon. Three months after MRgRT, her serum CA 19-9 level normalized, and the tumor regressed completely. No adverse event or recurrence was noted during the six-month follow-up period.Conclusions: High-dose hypo-fractionated MRgRT may be a treatment option for a patient with locally advanced PDAC of the pancreatic tail, which is in contact with the colon.
Penerapan Konsep Corporate Social Responsibility Dalam Mengembangkan UMKM Melalui Program BRIncubator
Authors: Widjaja Sharon Rose
Published: March 2023

Perusahaan terbuka di Indonesia wajib untuk melaksanakan Corporate Social Responsibility yang telah diatur dalam Undang – Undang. CSR dilakukan sebagai bentuk kesadaran perusahaan untuk melakukan tanggung jawab terhadap masyarakat ataupun lingkungan sekitar operasional perusahaan. PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk yang merupakan perusahaan di industri perbankan yang memiliki fokus di bidang bisnis mikro, membentuk kegiatan CSR untuk mengembangkan UMKM melalui kolaborasi dengan Desk Inkubasi dengan Program BRIncubator. Program ini bertujuan mengembangkan UMKM untuk melakukan ekspor serta membentuk Digital Economy Ecosystem sesuai dengan arahan Kementerian BUMN. Penelitian ini dibuat untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan CSR serta prinsip - prinsip CSR yang dilakukan untuk mengembangan UMKM. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Peneliti menggunakan pencarian data primer melalui wawancara semi struktur serta melakukan riset melalui data perusahaan, buku, jurnal dan situs web. Hasil penelitian yang didapat adalah pengembangan UMKM yang dilakukan oleh Program BRIncubator dalam penerapan CSR masih sulit dilakukan oleh UMKM, sehingga UMKM melakukan CSR dengan cara melakukan produksi produk dengan bahan ramah lingkungan. Prinsip - prinsip CSR yang telah dilaksanakan dengan baik walaupun masih kurang dalam hal pemberitahuan secara langsung terkait pelatihan UMKM merupakan bagian dari CSR perusahaan. Selanjutnya untuk pengembangan UMKM terdapat beberapa kendala dari pihak eksternal yang masih belum melek teknologi sehingga menghambat pelatihan UMKM, disarankan pelatihan UMKM untuk dipecah kelasnya agar sesuai dengan kemampuan UMKM mengenai digitalisasi serta perlu adanya pengkomunikasian mengenai Program BRIncubator merupakan bagian dari CSR Bank BRI.
KAPITALISME DIGITAL DALAM MEDIA SOSIAL BIGO LIVE
Authors: Senaharjanta Ignasius Liliek
Published: March 2023

Perkembangan teknologi digital yang sedemikian pesat pada saat ini memiliki dampak perubahan di berbagai lini masyarakat. Perubahan perilaku dan kebiasaan baru salah satunya tampak dari bagaimana masyarakat berinteraksi dengan berbagai platform teknologi digital yang digunakan sebagai saluran komunikasi dan bersosialiasasi. Melalui berbagai platform digital tersebut, masyarakat tidak saja dapat dengan mudah mendapatkan informasi, tetapi juga dapat mengolah dan memproduksi informasi. Perubahan peran dari konsumen ke produsen tersebut merupakan salah satu pengaruh teknologi yang mendorong masyarakat saat ini berada pada era masyarakat informasi. Namun demikian, konten yang diproduksi oleh pengguna pada dasarnya mendatangkan keuntungan besar untuk operator media sosial melalui konten yang diproduksi oleh pengguna dan tentunya juga berasal dari iklan.

Monetisasi ini dianggap pengguna sebagai peluang untuk mendapatkan penghasilan melalui media sosial. Sehingga, para pengguna berlomba-lomba dengan berbagai cara memproduksi konten agar bisa mencapai monetisasi yang sesuai dengan syarat dan ketentuan dari operator media sosial. Di satu sisi tampaknya para pengguna media sosial ini tidak sadar bahwa keberadaan mereka dalam bermedia sosial pada dasarnya merupakan instrumen dari sistem yang terdapat pada media sosial itu sendiri

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus pada penggunaan media sosial Bigo Live.  Data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan  menganalisa sejumlah akun broadcaster atau penyiar di akun Bigo Live dan melakukan wawancara terhadap para broadcaster. Akun broadcaster dan hasil wawncara dianalisa dengan pendekatan studi kasus untuk melihat bagaimana fenomena kapitalisasi digital melalui Bigo Live dilakukan oleh operator media sosial. Selanjutnya, hasil dari analisis tersebut dikaji dengan perspektif manusia satu dimensi Herbert Marcuse.
PENGARUH KEBIJAKAN PPKM DARURAT 3-20 JULI 2021 TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN OPINI PUBLIK
Authors: Hani Yasindy Risma
Published: March 2023

ABSTRAK

 

Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Kegiatan Masyarakat (PPKM) Darurat diberlakukan mulai pada 3 Juli hingga 20 Juli 2021 di Jawa dan Bali. Hal tersebut merupakan kebijakan pemerintah yang dikeluarkan di tengah pandemi Covid-19 yang bertujuan untuk menekan penularan virus Covid-19 terutama dilingkungan keluarga. Meski demikian tidak semua masyarakat dapat menerima kebijakan PPKM Darurat ini dikarenakan hal-hal yang bertentangan dengan situasi masyarakat saat ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana opini masyarakat terhadap kebijakan PPKM Darurat dari pemerintah serta mengetahui harapan masyarakat untuk kebijakan pemerintah yang lebih sesuai kedepannya. Dalam penelitian ini akan menggunakan survey melalui kuesioner. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dan metode verifikatif.

 

Kata kunci: Covid-19, Kebijakan PPKM Darurat, Opini Publik, Implementasi Kebijakan

 

ABSTRACK

 

Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Kegiatan Masyarakat (PPKM) are enforced from 3 July to 20 July 2021 in Java and Bali. This is a government policy issued in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic which aims to suppress the transmission of the Covid-19 virus especially in the family environment. However, not all people can accept this PPKM Darurat policy, which is subject to things that are contrary to the current situation of the community. The purpose of this study is to know how public opinion on the Emergency PPKM policy from the government and to know public,s opinion for government policies that are more appropriate. In this study we will use a survey with a questionnaire. The research method used in this research is descriptive method and verification method.

 

Keywords: Covid-19, PPKM Darurat Policy, Public Opinion, Policy Implementation
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI CUSTOMER SERVICE JNE TANGERANG DALAM MENANGANI KELUHAN PELANGGAN
Authors: Yunisyafna Isni
Published: March 2023

Abstrak

PT Jala Niaga Elok (JNE) Tangerang merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang jasa ekpedisi pengiriman barang, perusahaan yang sering berhubungan langsung dengan pelanggan tentunya perlu adanya perhatian khusus dibagian pelayanan melalui customer service untuk menampung keluhan dan permasalahan pada pelanggan. Untuk itu dibutuhkan strategi komunikasi yang tepat dan sesuai agar dapat terjalinnya komunikasi yang efektif. Dalam menganalisis masalah peneliti menggunakan teori dan landasan konseptual tentang tahapan-tahapan strategi komunikasi untuk mengetahui lebih mendalam penerapan strategi komunikasi dalam menangani keluhan pelanggan di customer service JNE Tangerang. Teori yang digunakan yaitu model komunikasi Laswell yaitu  who (siapa), say what (mengatakan apa), in which channel (saluran komunikasi), to whom (kepada siapa), with what effect (dengan akibat apa?) Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam serta dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini membahas mengenai strategi komunikasi customer service JNE Tangerang dalam menangani keluhan pelanggan yaitu menyusun perumusan strategi dari pemilihan komunikator, implementasi strategi yang dilakukan setiap divisi serta pemilihan penggunaan media dan saluran komunikasi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa strategi komunikasi yang dijalankan oleh customer service JNE Tangerang dalam menangani keluhan pelanggan yaitu menyusun pesan atau informasi sesuai kebutuhan yang mengutamakan skill komunikasi dari pengetahuan, kemampuan dan sikap. Memilih media dan saluran komunikasi yang tepat dan sesuai untuk komunikasi lebih efektif dan efesien. Serta mengacu pada SOP (Standar Operating Procedure) yang telah dibuat oleh perusahaan.

Kata kunci: Strategi Komunikasi, Customer Service, Keluhan Pelanggan
A Review on the Understanding and Trend of Dental Implant Surface Treatment
Authors:   The Korean Society of Oral Health Science, Han Yeo-Jung , Kang Jung-In
Published: March 2023

Objectives: Osseointegration is important to success of dental implants, it is influenced by dental implant surface treatment. Recently, it could be classified into the five generations.
Methods: Data were collected using electronic journals and books.
Results: Machined type surface belongs to the first generation, the second generation of surface treatment includes blasted, acid-etching and titanium plasma spraying type surfaces. The third generation consists of hydroxyapatite coating type surface, the fourth generation is developed anodizing oxidation the surface that using bioactive factors. Finally, the five generation uses recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2).
Conclusions: It is thought that more innovative dental implant surface treatment will be developed according to the development of science technology
Antibacterial Activity of Lemongrass Oil and Lemongrass Ethanol Extract Against Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors:   The Korean Society of Oral Health Science, Yoon Hyun-Seo , Park Chung-Mu
Published: March 2023

Objectives: This study analyzed the antibacterial effects of LGEE and LGEO against P. gingivalis, thus the potential utility was evaluated as the functional materials for oral healthcare.
Methods: Nitric oxide (NO) assay and cytotoxicity were analyzed by the Griess reaction and WST-1 assay, respectively. Antibacterial activity against P. gingivalis was evaluated by disk diffusion method and proliferation inhibition assay.
Results: LGEO and LGEE significantly inhibited NO production as well as the proliferation of P. gingivalis in a dose dependent manner.
Conclusions: LGEO and LGEE inhibited potently NO production and P. gingivalis proliferation, which means they could be used as a numerous lines of functional materials for improving oral health.
Between the Private Company and the LLP: Deciphering a Path for Small Businesses in Nigeria
Authors: Subai P. , Stephen Appi K.
Published: March 2023

This article questions whether the limited liability partnership form which was introduced in Nigeria in 2020 is set to displace the private company as the legal form of choice for small businesses and owner-managed entities. It compares the legal provisions relating to the private company and the limited liability partnership as provided for under the Companies and Allied Matters Act 2020, and highlights their relative strengths and weaknesses. It notes that while the attractions of the limited liability partnership are significant, recent reforms of the private company may have also positioned that form to be relevant and equally appealing to small businesses. It concludes that while the limited liability partnership will be highly appealing to professional partnerships in Nigeria, the private company would continue to remain relevant for some time to come particularly as it is now possible for sole proprietors to trade under that form as one-man companies.
Combatting Domestic Violence under International Law: Assessing the Various Legal Inconsistencies Frustrating the Protection of Women's Rights in Cameroon
Authors: Nguindip Nana Charles
Published: March 2023

The notion of violence especially on the rights of women has been plagued with lots of plausible euphoria jeopardising the initial rationale and objective of the human rights placement, that of ensuring that everyone should be treated with respect and fundamental dignity. The situation has become appalling and frustrating as women encounter violations of their various status and rights, making them become subjects of ridicule. Willing to ensure the recognition and protection of women, Cameroon has adopted a series of international, regional and national laws aiming at ensuring a safe and secured environment for the protection of women's rights and status. Regardless of the various measures set by the country, the notion of domestic violence appears to be more of a pandemic than a curable substance as issues of women protection are concerned. This article is of the opinion that the concept of domestic violence in Cameroon is accelerating as most women are still treated as an object of commodity in the eyes of many. There is a continuous violation of women's rights especially in aspects of sexual violence and discriminatory practices meted out on women. This situation has become worrisome, as many question the future of women's rights in Cameroon as issues of sexual violence escalate, thus affecting tremendously the prestigious status to be occupied by women in the society. In answering the above question and hypothesis, there will be the need to evaluate the domestic violence climate in Cameroon by questioning the complexities in the country on issues related to combating domestic violence and examining the way forward. It is convenient beyond all reasonable doubt that, sexual violence continues to be a hard nut to crack notwithstanding all the impressive efforts put in place by the government of Cameroon in ensuring its fight. To this end, it is advisable that more efforts, mechanisms and methods should be invested by the government of Cameroon to establish a favourable climate and environment in the protection and preservation of women's rights and status in the country.
The Biafran Self-Determination Question: Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Onwubiko Judith N.
Published: March 2023

The Nigerian civil war and Biafra's failed attempt to secede from Nigeria raised a series of questions about the nature and scope of the right to self-determination in formerly colonised states. The question which this article focuses on is whether the right to self-determination should always amount to a right to secession. Through a critical analysis of Biafran agitations for statehood during the Nigerian civil war and in recent times, this article makes the case for a framework through which self-determination claims can be addressed within existing territorial arrangements. The article argues that, in the case of Biafra, forms of internal self-determination such as autonomy may address the agitations and needs of the people better than secession. Hence, international lawyers, and the international community as a whole, should give more attention to internal forms of self-determination.
Implementing Mail Administration Using the Codeigniter Framework
Authors: Suwardiyanto Devit , Prasetyo Junaedi Adi , Aliza Umihanik Nor , Ayatullah Mohamad Dimyati
Published: March 2023

Administration is the activity of systematically managing and recording data information to provide various information and also make it easier to retrieve it either partially or completely. The administration of mailing at SMK Negeri 1 Glagah is still conventional by recording incoming and outgoing mail using a book and storing the mail in an uncertain places. Some of the problems that can be solved with information technology, one of which is the storage of incoming and outgoing mail at SMK Negeri 1 Glagah. With a mail administration application that uses the CodeIgniter Framework and MySQL database, teachers who being admins or operators can directly enter incoming and outgoing mail data in the application, and they can directly distribute the mail to the receiver person through the application. Teacher who receive the mail will get a notification on the application if there is a new mail coming in. With the Mail Administration Application, staff and school principals can find out the existing mail data easily and computerized with accurate and archived data. The results of the questionnaire recapitulation can be concluded that the overall application quality level is in Good criteria, with a percentage of 84.33%.
EIWO’s methodological approaches: A field report of the qualitative interviews in EIWO project III
Authors: Penning Nehle , Crossdale Rachel , Genelyte Indre , Krygowska-Nowak Natalia , Urbaniak Anna , Perek-Białas Jolanta , Reichert Monika
Published: March 2023

This field report provides detailed information on the methodological approach as well as on the process of data collection and analysis in EIWO project III – “Mechanisms and Origins of Late Working Life Exclusion”. EIWO project III is part of the qualitative part of the EIWO programme and is – together with EIWO project VI, VII, and VIII from phase II – one of the four projects in which primary data is collected. EIWO uses a mixed-methods approach in its nine sub-projects, so that quantitative and qualitative methods are used in combination to investigate – from a life course perspective – the topic of late working life and the potential of extension of working lives on different levels (micro, meso and macro level). Due to the different methodological approaches, results from some projects provide evidence for further investigations in other sub-projects, whereby, for example, results of the qualitative investigations can be validated using large data sets. In projects in the field of life course research, a mixed-methods approach is widely used because it allows for a detailed investigation of the structural, institutional and individual factors influencing the life course. EIWO project III focuses in particular on the micro level by taking the perspective of individuals and thus provides a basis on which quantitative analyses, e.g. in EIWO project IV, can be built on. “The main aims of project III are to analyse the nature and sources of inequalities in late working life employment/retirement and to identify individual/family responses and coping strategies” (Application EIWO programme). Based on these aims, the following research questions were formulated for EIWO project III: What events and circumstances can be identified over the life course that lead to social inequalities/exclusion in late working life employment from the individual perspective? What are the explanatory mechanisms? How are exclusion risks and inequalities assessed on the individual level in late working life? Do persons experience social inequalities/exclusion? If they experience exclusion/inequalities: What coping strategies are/were used to reduce inequalities/exclusion? What can be learned from individual responses as to how meso-level organisational policies and macro-level social policies help or hinder transitions? In the following, it will be described why a qualitative research approach was chosen for this project and what characterises this approach. Then, the research instruments and the inclusion criteria for the sample will be explained. The third chapter illustrates the field phase, including the recruitment phase, the final composition of the sample and the conduct of the interviews, as well as challenges that arose during the field phase and the chosen approaches. Finally, the data analysis method is discussed and the report is concluded with a short summary.
Polemik Frase “Duduklah di sebelah kanan-Ku” dalam Mazmur 110:1
Authors: Madunde Ryan Renaldy
Published: March 2023

The book of Psalms, when viewed from a literary point of view, is grouped into a book with a poetic genre, so understanding every word in this book is certainly different when approaching a book with a narrative genre. It is this difficulty that needs to be considered in approaching books with the poetic genre, because this type of literature does not clearly state the background of the situation the author is experiencing when writing the message of God's Word. One of them is in Psalm 110:1 in the phrase "Sit at my right hand". If this phrase is not understood correctly it will indicate that there are two different and separate existences of God from one another, so this Psalm will be closely related to the study of systematic theology of Christology which refers to the person of the Lord Jesus Christ. If Jesus is meant in this verse then there will be LORD (YHWH) and Jesus sitting at the right hand of GOD. This study uses a qualitative method with a literature study which will exegetically discuss the phrase "Sit at My right hand", with an exegesis study approach the author hopes to find a meaning as close as possible to the meaning that the author of the book of Psalms wanted to convey, especially in chapter 110:1.

Abstrak Bahasa Indonesia 

Kitab Mazmur jika ditinjau dari segi sastranya dikelompokkan kedalam kitab dengan genre puisi, sehingga dalam memahami setiap kata dalam kitab ini tentulah berbeda ketika mendekati kitab dengan genre narasi. Kesulitan inilah yang perlu diperhatikan dalam mendekati kitab-kitab dengan genre puisi, sebab jenis sastra ini tidak mengemukakan secara gamblang tentang latar dari situasi yang sedang dialami penulis ketika menuliskan pesan Firman Tuhan tersebut. Salah satunya yang terjadi dalam Mazmur 110:1 pada frase “Duduklah di sebelah kanan-Ku”. Frase ini jika tidak dipahami dengan tepat akan mengindikasikan ada dua eksistensi Allah yang berbeda dan terpisah satu dengan yang lainnya, dengan begitu Mazmur ini akan berkaitan erat dengan studi teologi sistematika Kristologi yang merujuk kepada pribadi Tuhan Yesus Kristus. Jika Yesus yang dimaksudkan dalam ayat ini maka akan ada TUHAN (YHWH) dan Yesus yang duduk disebelah kanan TUHAN. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan studi literatur kepustakaan yang akan membahas secara eksegetikal frase “Duduklah di sebelah kanan-Ku”, dengan pendekatan studi eksegesis penulis berharap akan menemukan makna sedekat mungkin dengan makna yang ingin disampaikan penulis kitab Mazmur khususnya pada pasal 110:1.
Kepemimpinan Wanita dalam Gereja
Authors: Stella Yunita
Published: March 2023

The debate about the role of women in church ministry and leadership has been going on between two views, Complementarian and Egalitarian. The Complementarian view holds that men and women are equal in essence, but that headship is given by God to men. Therefore, leadership positions according to this view are only reserved for men, so that women cannot occupy leadership positions in the church. Meanwhile, the Egalitarian view does not recognize the existence of male headship. Both men and women have equal opportunity for leadership positions, including leadership in the church. In this research, the author uses a theological analysis to answer the complementarian and egalitarian debates. The results of this study acknowledge the existence of male headship and find that male headship does not hinder women's leadership in the church.

Abstrak Bahasa Indoensia 

Perdebatan tentang peran wanita dalam pelayanan dan kepemimpinan gereja, selama ini terjadi antara dua pandangan, yaitu Komplementarian dan Egalitarian. Pandangan Komplementarian berpendapat pria dan wanita setara secara esensi, namun kekepalaan diberikan Tuhan kepada pria. Oleh karena itu, posisi kepemimpinan menurut pandangan ini hanya dikhususkan untuk kaum pria, sehingga wanita tidak bisa menduduki posisi kepemimpinan di gereja. Sedangkan pandangan Egalitarian tidak mengakui adanya kekepalaan pria. Baik pria maupun wanita mempunyai kesempatan yang sama untuk posisi kepemimpinan, termasuk kepemimpinan dalam gereja. Pada penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan analisis teologis dalam menjawab perdebatan komplementarian dan egalitarian. Hasil penelitian ini mengakui adanya kekepalaan pria dan menemukan bahwa kekepalaan pria tersebut tidak menghalangi kepemimpinan wanita dalam gereja.
Abraham Kuyper Dan Pluralitas
Authors: Katianda Samuel Tesa
Published: March 2023

Christians in Indonesia continue to struggle with their role and involvement in the public sphere, especially politics, on Indonesian soil. Abraham Kuyper is one of the Reformed theologians who is considered authoritative when it comes to the role of Christians in the public sphere. This article presents how Kuyper addresses plurality and establishes inter-religious cooperation, without compromising. This article shows that Kuyper's thinking has a wealth that corresponds to Pancasila which is the ideal foundation and basis of the Indonesian state. facilitating data collection through books that are already available, then the author describes the book's data, namely through the concept of thinking from Abraham Kuyper and Pancasila ideology, because both Kuyper's thinking and Pancasila ideology are equally able to accommodate diversity so that it can be an important input for Christian public involvement in Indonesia.

ABSTRAK BAHASA INDOENSIA

Orang Kristen di Indonesia terus menerus menggumulkan akan peran dan keterlibatannya di ranah publik, khususnya politik, di bumi Indonesia. Abraham Kuyper adalah salah satu teolog dari kalangan Reformed yang dianggap otoritatif ketika berbicara mengenai peranan orang Kristen dalam ranah publik. Artikel ini menyajikan bagaimana Kuyper menyikapi pluralitas dan menjalin kerjasama antar umat beragama, tanpa menjadi bersifat kompromistis. Artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa pemikiran Kuyper memiliki kekayaan yang berpadanan dengan Pancasila yang adalah landasan idiil dan dasar negara Indonesia dalam penulisan artikel ini, penulis menggunakan jenis penelitian kepustakaan (library research) yaitu serangkaian kegiatan yang berkenaan dengan metode pengumpulan data pustaka, penulis menggukan metode ini untuk mempermudah pengumpulan data melalui buku yang sudah tersedia kemudian penulis memaparkan data buku tersebut yaitu melalui konsep berpikir dari Abraham Kuyper dan ideologi Pancasila,  karena baik pemikiran Kuyper maupun ideologi Pancasila sama-sama mampu mengakomodasi keberagaman, sehingga dapat menjadi masukan yang penting bagi keterlibatan publik orang Kristen di Indonesia.
Hidup Berkelimpahan Dalam Perspektif Yohanes 10:10b
Authors: Binar Sri , Laia Harman Ziduhu , Octavianus Jonathan
Published: March 2023

The abundant life in John 10:10b is understood in various ways. Prosperity theology adherents understand the abundant life which is the purpose of Christ's first coming into this world in a different way than others. The group understands that the 'abundance' (περισσὸν) in this text is material (worldly) abundance that Christ brings to every believer. Therefore there is an assumption that every believer should live with material abundance. Conversely, a believer whose life is materially poor will be considered to lack faith or sin which results in God not blessing him with material abundance. The methodology used in this study is the literature study method using exegesis principles based on Biblical hermeneutic laws. In-depth exegesis studies, based on textual, contextual, grammatical, structural, historical, literary, exegetical, and theological studies show that 'abundance' in the text is not an object (something) that believers get, but a description of how they get that object (eternal life). According to this text, the purpose of Christ's first coming is to bring eternal life to every believer in Him, and believers will very abundantly obtain eternal life. Really the coming, death, and resurrection of Christ are of no value if the goal is only to provide material abundance for each of His followers.

ABSTRAK BAHASA INDOENSIA

Hidup berkelimpahan dalam Yohanes 10:10b dipahami dengan berbagai macam makna. Para penganut teologi kemakmuran memahami hidup berkelimpahan yang menjadi tujuan kedatangan pertama Kristus ke dalam dunia ini dengan cara yang berbeda dari yang lain. Kelompok tersebut memahami bahwa ‘kelimpahan’ (περισσὸν) dalam teks ini merupakan kelimpahan materi (duniawi) yang dibawa oleh Kristus bagi setiap orang percaya. Oleh karenanya ada anggapan seharusnya setiap orang percaya hidup dengan kelimpahan secara materi. Sebaliknya, orang percaya yang hidupnya miskin secara materi akan dianggap kurang beriman atau berdosa yang mengakibatkan Tuhan tidak memberkatinya dengan kelimpahan materi. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode studi pustaka dengan memakai prinsip eksegesis berdasarkan hukum hermeneutik yang Alkitabiah. Studi eksegesis yang mendalam, berdasarkan studi tekstual, kontekstual, gramatikal, struktural, historikal, literatur, eksegetikal, dan teologi menunjukkan bahwa ‘kelimpahan’ dalam teks tersebut bukan objek (sesuatu hal) yang diperoleh orang percaya, melainkan keterangan bagaimana mereka memperoleh sebuah objek (hidup kekal) itu. Menurut teks ini, tujuan kedatangan pertama Kristus adalah membawa hidup kekal bagi setiap orang percaya kepada-Nya, dan orang percaya akan memperoleh dengan sangat melimpah hidup kekal itu. Sungguh kedatangan, kematian, dan kebangkitan Kristus sangat tidak bernilai jika tujuannya hanya untuk memberikan kelimpahan materi bagi setiap pengikut-Nya.
Penyuluhan Kesehatan dan Pelatihan Pembuatan Pasta Gigi Herbal pada Orang Tua Siswa di SDN 09 Pontianak
Authors: Fathiah Fathiah , Purwaningsih Indah , Sunarsieh Sunarsieh , Suryana Budi , Ropiqa Meri
Published: March 2023

Riskesdas data in 2018 showed that the number of tooth decays in West Kalimantan province was 49.55% and that in Pontianak City was 39.52%. The results of a preliminary survey conducted on 5th-grade students of SDN 09 Pontianak found an average of three deciduous teeth and four adult teeth affected by dental caries. One way to prevent dental caries is to brush the teeth using toothpaste that contain active antibacterial ingredients. One herb widely used as an active ingredient in toothpaste is siwak. This community service activity aims to increase knowledge and skills in making herbal toothpaste to reduce the dental plaque index. This activity uses health counseling methods through lectures, leaflet distribution, and training on making herbal toothpaste from siwak. This activity was conducted in collaboration with SDN 09 Pontianak and was held on Friday, June 24, 2022, with 53 participants. From this activity, the participants received education on the benefits of herbal toothpaste for dental and oral health. In addition, this training activity can increase creativity and skills in creating herbal toothpaste and foster an entrepreneurial spirit. After this activity, it will continue with training activities with the theme of entrepreneurship as part of efforts to downstream and commercialize herbal toothpaste products.
Abesana
Authors: Rios Filho Paulo
Published: March 2023

Este é o memorial descritivo do processo de criação da obra Abesana, para flauta solo, escrita por mim em 2012, por encomenda do flautista Lucas Robatto. No memorial, três aspectos do processo composicional da peça são apresentados e brevemente discutidos, a partir do ponto de vista (des)privilegiado do próprio criador: 1. composição assistida por computador; 2. elaboração do material e forma; 3. gestos de um aboio impossí­vel. O ensaio é um relato em sfumato de minhas impressões sobre o relacionamentos que tenho travado com a peça em questão, desde os momentos de seu nascimento.
Inner radiance
Authors: Mălăncioiu Gabriel
Published: March 2023

Inner radiance is a work in two parts, dedicated to Alexandra Guțu, a renowned Romanian cello soloist.