bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Simple Flow Injection System for Amperometric Detection of Ascorbic Acid Using Carbon Paste/Copper Schiff Base Composite Electrode
Authors: Kulizić Mihajlo , Stanković Milan , Rašić Marija , Mijatović Aleksandar , Baošić Rada , Lolić Aleksandar
Published: December 2023

In this paper, a simple, sensitive, and precise flow injection system was optimized and applied to ascorbic acid determination with a carbon paste electrode modified with the Schiff base copper complex. The modified sensor showed increased sensitivity toward ascorbic acid oxidation with a decrease of oxidation potential by 200 mV. Under optimized flow parameters, working potential, gasket thickness, sample and reaction coil volumes, and flow rate, the developed flow system gave a linear response from 5 to 75 μmol/L of ascorbic acid. The calculated limit of detection was 4.5 μmol/L, calculated as 3σ/s which corresponds to the absolute value of 40 ng for the 50 μL sample coil. The precision for six consecutive injections of 5 and 75 μmol/L ascorbic acid solutions was determined as a relative standard deviation of 5.8 % and 1.5 %, respectively. The flow injection system enabled up to 120 analyses per hour. An optimized flow system was applied to the determination of ascorbic acid in dietary supplements, after simple preparation.
Specific Modification of Granular Potato Starch by Means of Partial Debranching Using Pullulanase
Authors: Ulbrich Marco , Bültena Matthias , Braun Burga , Meißner Karsten , Bussert Robert , Flöter Eckhard
Published: December 2023

Native potato starch (PS‐N) is enzymatically modified in the granular state using pullulanase (PUL) for the purpose of a specific partial molecular degradation of the polymers. The PUL compound is added to the aqueous starch suspension (40%, w/w) and processed. The process parameters are varied systematically (enzyme dosage [ENZ] 4/20 mL; pH of the suspension [pH 4.7/7.3]; hydrolysis temperature [TEMP] 40/50 °C, and hydrolysis duration [TIME] 20/120 min) and a new‐developed heat‐induced enzyme inactivation approach (storage of the partially dewatered moist starch for 120 min at 100 °C) is intended to terminate the hydrolysis. Morphological (LM, SEM, and CLSM) and thermal characterization (DSC) of the starch products indicate a partial damage of the granules and a partial loss of the semicrystalline structure owing to the heat treatment, which is confirmed by XRD. The molecular properties (SEC‐MALS‐DRI) are mainly controlled by the factors ENZ, pH, and TEMP, but the intended degradation of the amylopectin (AP) by cleavage of the α‐1,6‐linkages (debranching) is accompanied by a molecular degradation of the amylose (AM) fraction. However, both specificity of the hydrolysis and achievable gel strength are remarkably improved compared to acid‐thinned products.
Multicenter development of a PET-based risk assessment tool for product-specific outcome prediction in large B-cell lymphoma patients undergoing CAR T-cell therapy
Authors: Voltin Conrad-Amadeus , Paccagnella Andrea , Winkelmann Michael , Heger Jan-Michel , Casadei Beatrice , Beckmann Laura , Herrmann Ken , Dekorsy Franziska J. , Kutsch Nadine , Borchmann Peter , Fanti Stefano , Kunz Wolfgang G. , Subklewe Marion , Kobe Carsten , Zinzani Pier Luigi , Stelljes Matthias , Roth Katrin S. , Drzezga Alexander , Noppeney Richard , Rahbar Kambiz , Reinhardt H. Christian , von Tresckow Bastian , Seifert Robert , Albring Jörn C. , Blumenberg Viktoria , Farolfi Andrea , Flossdorf Sarah , Gödel Philipp , Hanoun Christine
Published: December 2023

Purpose

The emergence of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy fundamentally changed the management of individuals with relapsed and refractory large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). However, real-world data have shown divergent outcomes for the approved products. The present study therefore set out to evaluate potential risk factors in a larger cohort.

Methods

Our analysis set included 88 patients, treated in four German university hospitals and one Italian center, who had undergone 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (PET) before CAR T-cell therapy with tisagenlecleucel or axicabtagene ciloleucel. We first determined the predictive value of conventional risk factors, treatment lines, and response to bridging therapy for progression-free survival (PFS) through forward selection based on Cox regression. In a second step, the additive potential of two common PET parameters was assessed. Their optimal dichotomizing thresholds were calculated individually for each CAR T-cell product.

Results

Extra-nodal involvement emerged as the most relevant of the conventional tumor and patient characteristics. Moreover, we found that inclusion of metabolic tumor volume (MTV) further improves outcome prediction. The hazard ratio for a PFS event was 1.68 per unit increase of our proposed risk score (95% confidence interval [1.20, 2.35], P = 0.003), which comprised both extra-nodal disease and lymphoma burden. While the most suitable MTV cut-off among patients receiving tisagenlecleucel was 11 mL, a markedly higher threshold of 259 mL showed optimal predictive performance in those undergoing axicabtagene ciloleucel treatment.

Conclusion

Our analysis demonstrates that the presence of more than one extra-nodal lesion and higher MTV in LBCL are associated with inferior outcome after CAR T-cell treatment. Based on an assessment tool including these two factors, patients can be assigned to one of three risk groups. Importantly, as shown by our study, metabolic tumor burden might facilitate CAR T-cell product selection and reflect the individual need for bridging therapy.
Numerical Analysis of a Tunnel Passing through Jointed Rockmass
Authors: Verma Harshal , Ray Arunava , Rai Rajesh , Manna Bappaditya , Singh T. N.
Published: December 2023

With the increase in the pace of development, the demand for tunnels has increased in recent years. Analysing the stability of a tunnel in a fractured rock mass is a very challenging and cumbersome activity. The tunnel stability depends on the strength of the rock, joints bolt strength, in-situ stresses, and their orientation. This paper focuses on constructing tunnels in fractured/ jointed rock mass. Three different software namely Rocscience Phase2 (finite element based), FLAC3D (finite volume based) and PFC3D (distinct element based), were used to analyse the performance and stability under static and dynamic loading conditions. The geomaterial properties used for the analysis were taken from data obtained after laboratory testing and based on available literature. The effect of joint orientation and bolt length was analysed using Phase 2 assuming plain strain conditions. The effect of earthquake and performance of fully grouted, energy absorbing and deformation-controlled bolts under seismic loading conditions were compared using FLAC3D. While the 3D distinct element analysis of geometry was performed using PFC3D to evaluate the effect of joints and their orientation. The performance of the different types of bolts was also analysed numerically. The behaviour of bolts can be customised using the ‘fish’ function. The results indicate that analysis must incorporate the fusion of various numerical simulation techniques like finite element-, finite volume- and distinct element-based methods for more reliable results.
Retraction Note: Metallothionein ameliorates airway epithelial apoptosis upon particulate matter exposure: role of oxidative stress and ion homeostasis
Authors: Li Bin , Huang Nannan , Wei Shengnan , Meng Qingtao , Wu Shenshen , Li Xiaobo , Chen Rui , Aschner Michael
Published: December 2023

This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1007/s44194-022-00011-0.
Challenging EU Sanctions against Russia: The Role of the Court, Judicial Protection, and Common Foreign and Security Policy
Authors: Lonardo Luigi
Published: December 2023

This Article deals with selected issues of judicial protection that arise in the context of the sanctions adopted by the EU against Russia and Belarus after the 2022 invasion of Ukraine. As most cases challenging the sanctions are pending, this Article draws lessons from the previous case law on EU restrictive measures. It explores what aspects of the sanctions escape judicial review, then profiles of external (or formal) legality of the sanctions, of internal (or substantive) legality, and concludes by assessing the overall role of the Court in EU foreign affairs. The discussion shows that the case law in this area of EU administrative law converges to a great extent with other areas of EU competence, but tensions remain in how the Court may impose substantial constraints to executive discretion in the field of Common Foreign and Security Policy.
Phytochemical profiling and anthelmintic potential of extracts of selected tropical plants on parasites of fishes in Epe Lagoon
Authors: Ukwa U. D. , Saliu J. K. , Akinsanya B.
Published: December 2023

This research aims to study the anthelmintic properties of selected five (5) tropical plant extracts, ascertained margin of fish host safety in reference with praziquantel, a commonly used chemo-therapeutics. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of Alligator pepper seeds (Aframomum melegueta), Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera), Neem leaves (Azadirachta indica), Ginger bulbs (Zingiber officinale) and Garlic (Allium sativum) and their potencies in reference to praziquantel against Clarias gariepinus and different classes of helminth parasites were investigated. The results obtained show that the 70% ethanol extract had 80 to 100% presence of the phytochemical content, compared with the 100% aqueous and 100% ethanol extracts with 50 to 80% and 50 to 90%, respectively. Among the five tropical plants, the richest in saponin and flavonoids are alligator pepper and neem with alkaloids, tannin, flavonoid and saponin in ratios 1:1:3:9 and 1:1:4:3 respectively. While, moringa, garlic and ginger are rich in alkaloids with alkaloids, tannin, flavonoid and saponin in ratios, 8:1:10:1, 6:2:1:4 and 6:3:2:1, respectively. Aframomum melegueta and praziquantel showed above 70% potency (at 96 h LC5) against all the classes of parasites; Wenyonia spp (cestode), Procamallanus spp (nematode), Tenuisentis spp (acanthocephalan), and Electrotaenia sp (cestode) as compared to the other plant extracts that showed above 70% potency (at 96 h LC5) only against Electrotaenia spp. Sub-lethal Concentrations (96 h LC5) of praziquantel and Aframomum melegueta on the juvenile fish host (12.36 mg/l and 9.9 mg/l respectively) were found to be 90.9% and 93.5% effective against adult Electrotaenia spp after 8 to 10 min of exposure. These concentrations were 78 to 85.7% and 89.7 to 88.4%, respectively, effective against the other classes of parasites after 18 to 25 min and 15 to 21 min of exposure. These concentrations were tested on the post juvenile of the fish to determine behavioral changes; there were no significant behavioral responses after 24 h of exposure. The effective concentrations indicate the widest margin of safety for the fish host.
Research on robust fault-tolerant control of the controllable suspension based on knowledge-data fusion driven
Authors: Zhu Honglin , Ding Weiping , Yang Mingliang , Wu Yudong , Du Tong
Published: December 2023

For the robust fault-tolerant control of the controllable suspension system, a control strategy driven by knowledge-data fusion is proposed. Firstly, the boundary fuzziness between perturbation type uncertainty and gain type fault is analyzed, and then a data-driven method is introduced to avoid the state estimation of system uncertainty and fault. The proximal policy optimization algorithm in reinforcement learning is selected to construct a “data control law”, to deal with uncertainty and fault. On the other hand, based on the classical sky-hook control, the “knowledge control law” for system performance optimization is designed, taking into account the nonlinear and non-stationary characteristics of the system. Furthermore, the dependency between robust fault tolerance and performance optimization control is revealed, and the two control laws are fused by numerical multiplication, to realize the performance matching optimization control of robust fault tolerance of controllable suspension system driven by knowledge-data fusion. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method are verified by the simulation and real-time experiment of non-stationary excitation and near-stationary excitation under the combination of uncertainty and fault.
Application of unsupervised clustering model based on graph embedding in water environment
Authors: Fang Meng , Lyu Li , Wang Ning , Zhou Xiaolei , Hu Yankun
Published: December 2023

Surface water monitoring data has spatiotemporal characteristics, and water quality will change with time and space in different seasons and climates. Data of this nature brings challenges to clustering, especially in terms of obtaining the temporal and spatial characteristics of the data. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved TADW algorithm and names it RTADW to obtain the spatiotemporal characteristics of surface water monitoring points. We improve the feature matrix in TADW and input the original time series data and spatial information into the improved model to obtain the spatiotemporal feature vector. When the improved TADW model captures watershed information for clustering, it can simultaneously extract the temporal and spatial characteristics of surface water compared with other clustering algorithms such as the DTW algorithm. We applied the proposed method to multiple different monitoring sites in the Liaohe River Basin, analyzed the spatiotemporal regional distribution of surface water monitoring points. The results show that the improved feature extraction method can better capture the spatiotemporal feature information between surface water monitoring points. Therefore, this method can provide more potential information for cluster analysis of water environment monitoring, thereby providing a scientific basis for watershed zoning management.
An analogue of the Prolactin Releasing Peptide reduces obesity and promotes adult neurogenesis
Authors: Jörgensen Sara KM , Karnošová Alena , Mazzaferro Simone , Rowley Oliver , Chen Hsiao-Jou Cortina , Robbins Sarah J , Christofides Sarah , Merkle Florian T , Maletínská Lenka , Petrik David
Published: December 2023

Hypothalamic Adult Neurogenesis (hAN) has been implicated in regulating energy homeostasis. Adult-generated neurons and adult Neural Stem Cells (aNSCs) in the hypothalamus control food intake and body weight. Conversely, diet-induced obesity (DIO) by high fat diets (HFD) exerts adverse influence on hAN. However, the effects of anti-obesity compounds on hAN are not known. To address this, we administered a lipidized analogue of an anti-obesity neuropeptide, Prolactin Releasing Peptide (PrRP), so-called LiPR, to mice. In the HFD context, LiPR rescued the survival of adult-born hypothalamic neurons and increased the number of aNSCs by reducing their activation. LiPR also rescued the reduction of immature hippocampal neurons and modulated calcium dynamics in iPSC-derived human neurons. In addition, some of these neurogenic effects were exerted by another anti-obesity compound, Liraglutide. These results show for the first time that anti-obesity neuropeptides influence adult neurogenesis and suggest that the neurogenic process can serve as a target of anti-obesity pharmacotherapy.
Cep120 is essential for kidney stromal progenitor cell growth and differentiation
Authors: Langner Ewa , Cheng Tao , Kefaloyianni Eirini , Gluck Charles , Wang Baolin , Mahjoub Moe R
Published: December 2023

Mutations in genes that disrupt centrosome structure or function can cause congenital kidney developmental defects and lead to fibrocystic pathologies. Yet, it is unclear how defective centrosome biogenesis impacts renal progenitor cell physiology. Here, we examined the consequences of impaired centrosome duplication on kidney stromal progenitor cell growth, differentiation, and fate. Conditional deletion of the ciliopathy gene Cep120, which is essential for centrosome duplication, in the stromal mesenchyme resulted in reduced abundance of interstitial lineages including pericytes, fibroblasts and mesangial cells. These phenotypes were caused by a combination of delayed mitosis, activation of the mitotic surveillance pathway leading to apoptosis, and changes in both Wnt and Hedgehog signaling that are key for differentiation of stromal cells. Cep120 ablation resulted in small hypoplastic kidneys with medullary atrophy and delayed nephron maturation. Finally, Cep120 and centrosome loss in the interstitium sensitized kidneys of adult mice, causing rapid fibrosis after renal injury via enhanced TGF-β/Smad3-Gli2 signaling. Our study defines the cellular and developmental defects caused by loss of Cep120 and aberrant centrosome biogenesis in the embryonic kidney stroma.
Predictable electronic tuning of FeII and RuII complexes via choice of azine: correlation of ligand pKa with Epa(MIII/II) of complex
Authors: Robb Matthew G. , Bondì Luca , Rodríguez-Jiménez Santiago , Garden Anna L. , Jerabek Paul , Brooker Sally
Published: December 2023

Strong linear correlations are seen for FeII and RuII families of [M(Lazine)3]2+, between observed E(MIII/II) and DFT calculated HOMO energy or ionisation potential of [M(Lazine)3]2+, or with easily calculated pKa value of Lazine.
Design of molecular sensors and switches based on luminescent ruthenium–terpyridine complexes bearing active methylene and triphenylphosphonium motifs as anion recognition sites: experimental and DFT/TD-DFT investigation
Authors: Bhattacharya Sohini , Pal Poulami , Baitalik Sujoy
Published: December 2023

Luminescent homo- and heteroleptic Ru(ii)–terpyridine complexes display an aggregation-induced emission enhancement and act as multi-channel sensors for selective anions as well as temperature-induced molecular switches.
Visible light-mediated synthesis of quinazolinones from benzyl bromides and 2-aminobenzamides without using any photocatalyst or additive
Authors: Huang Sheng , Jin Liang , Liu Yufeng , Yang Guoping , Wang Aixin , Le Zhanggao , Jiang Guofang , Xie Zongbo
Published: December 2023

The synthesis of quinazolinones via a visible light-mediated reaction of benzyl bromides with 2-aminobenzamides is reported, and the HBr generated during the first step promoted the subsequent step.
Bi(OTf)3-promoted cascade annulation of hydroxy-pyranones and unsaturated γ-ketoesters for the construction of polycyclic bridged pyrano-furopyranones
Authors: Rathod Akshay B. , Borade Balasaheb R. , Sambherao Pooja I. , Kontham Ravindar
Published: December 2023

An efficient protocol for constructing polycyclic bridged chromano-furopyranones and pyrano-furopyranones (related to bioactive natural products) via bismuth(iii)-catalyzed cascade annulation of hydroxy-pyranones and unsaturated γ-ketoesters is presented.
The Rossiter-McLaughlin effect and exoplanet transits: A delicate association at medium and low spectral resolution
Authors: Carteret Yann , Bourrier Vincent , Dethier William
Published: December 2023

The characterization of exoplanetary atmospheres via transit spectroscopy is based on the comparison between the stellar spectrum filtered through the atmosphere and the unadulterated spectrum from the occulted stellar region. The disk-integrated spectrum is often used as a proxy for the occulted spectrum, yet they differ along the transit chord depending on stellar type and rotational velocity. This is referred to as the Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM) effect, which is known to bias transmission spectra at high spectral resolution when calculated with the disk-integrated stellar spectrum. Recently, it was shown that the first claimed atmospheric signal from an exoplanet cannot arise from absorption in the core of the sodium doublet, because the features observed at high resolution are well reproduced by the RM effect. However, it remains unclear as to whether the detection made at medium spectral resolution with the HST arises from the smoothed RM signature or from the wings of the planetary absorption line. More generally, the impact of the RM effect at medium and low spectral resolution remains poorly explored. To address this question, we simulated realistic transmission spectra in a variety of systems using the EVaporating Exoplanets code. We find that the Rm effect should not bias broadband atmospheric features, such as hazes or molecular absorption, measured with the JWST/NIRSPEC (prism mode) at low resolution. However, absorption signatures from metastable helium or sodium measured at medium resolution with the JWST/NIRSPEC (G140H mode) or HST/STIS can be biased, especially for planets on misaligned orbits across fast rotators. In contrast, we show that the Na signature originally reported in HD 209458b, an aligned system, cannot be explained by the RM effect, supporting a planetary origin. Contamination by the RM effect should therefore be accounted for when interpreting high- and medium-resolution transmission spectra of exoplanets.
A systematic search for double eclipsing binaries in Zwicky Transient Facility data
Authors: Vaessen T. , van Roestel J.
Published: December 2023

Context. Double eclipsing binaries are gravitationally bound quadruple systems in a ‘2+2’ configuration where both of the binaries are eclipsing. These systems are interesting objects to better understand stellar formation, to investigate the dynamical interaction between the two binary systems, or to study certain stages of stellar evolution, such as common-envelope events or Type Ia Supernovae.

Aims. With this work, we aim to determine if double eclipsing binaries can be found using ZTF data and what the difficulties are in doing so. Secondly, we aim to significantly increase the number of known double eclipsing systems and determine how this sample differs from samples of double eclipsing binaries found with other telescopes.

Methods. We developed a new method to systematically search for double eclipsing binaries in sparsely sampled light curves. For this we used box-least-squares (BLS) to search for the period of the first binary in the system. We then removed that signal from the light curves, and searched the residual light curve again with BLS to find the second period. We applied this method to ZTF light curves of 575 526 eclipsing binaries known in the Gaia eclipsing binary catalogue.

Results. We report the discovery of 198 new double eclipsing binary systems. The shortest and longest orbital periods of the newly detected systems are 0.11 days to 323 days respectively.

Conclusions. We successfully implemented a method that systematically searches for double eclipsing binary systems in sparsely sampled data. In total 198 new double eclipsing binary systems have been found in 575 5 26 light curves (≈0.034%). The ZTF sample typically contains more short period binaries compared to the TESS sample, but is also able to find systems with longer periods than what is currently known. We expect that at least three to four times more quadruples can be found by applying this method to all ZTF stellar light curves, by increasing the number of data points as a result of longer observations, and by implementing an automatic detection mechanism that replaces visual inspection.
Soybean growth and yield on corn cob compost application
Authors: Budiastuti Maria Theresia Sri , Setyaningrum Desy , Purnomo Djoko , Wahidurromdloni Fauzan
Published: December 2023

The continuous use of chemical fertilizers contributes to gas emissions that cause global warming, climate change and low nutrient use efficiency. Compost is an effort to increase nutrient supply to improve soil quality and nutrient efficiency in food crops. The aim of the study was to examine the role of corn cob compost on soybean growth and yield. The study used a complete randomized block design with one factor, namely the dose of corn cob compost with six levels, namely chemical fertilizer 0.225 ton/ha, corn cob compost dose 2; 3; 4;5; 6 tonnes/ha. The dose of compost affects the root biomass. Corn cob compost 5 tons/ha was able to increase soybean yields by 2.28 tons and was not significantly different from chemical fertilizers. Corn cob compost 5 tons/ha produced the highest weight of 100 seeds, namely 41.33 g. Soybean yields were positively correlated with root biomass, number of leaves and crown biomass. Compost from corn cobs is an organic nutrient that can promote soybean growth and yield.
Heat shock protein 90 alpha family class B member 1 (HSP90AB1) gene polymorphism and its effect on milk production traits in friesian holstein cattle
Authors: Adzdzakiy Muhammad Mumtaz , Widayanti Septiana , Vanessa Rebecca , Pambuko Galih , Susilowati Ari , Prastowo Sigit , Sutarno
Published: December 2023

Increasing temperature caused by climate change is main contributor of heat stress in dairy cattle. Heat stress has a major impact on the milk production efficiency in dairy cattle. The HSP90AB1 gene is involved in overcoming heat stress response in cattle. The purpose of this study is to find single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of HSP90AB1 gene and its relationship to milk production traits in Friesian Holstein (FH) cattle. In this study, 50 FH blood samples were used. Allele Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (AS-PCR) method was used to successfully identify three genotypes: CC, CT, and TT. The CT genotype is the most common in the sample population. When compared to the C-allele, the T-allele is more common. Hardy-Weinberg (HW) analysis using Chi-Square method revealed that the population was not equilibrium (P<0.05). Association study between genotypes and milk production trait was not significant (P>0.05), but the CC genotype had a trend of higher mean milk yield in the first and second lactation. It was determined that the HSP90AB1 gene could be used as molecular marker for FH cattle heat stress response, in order to increase milk production capacity.
Growth and yields of some peanut varieties with application of palm fiber biochar
Authors: Samanhudi  , Rahayu Muji , Sakya Amalia Tetrani , Handoyo Gani Cahyo , Priambodo Bramantyo Bagus
Published: December 2023

Climate change negatively affects the growth of crops, including groundnuts. Groundnuts are susceptible to short-term weather changes, as well as climate change. Climate change can reduce groundnuts production because it affects soil fertility. Biochar is a kind of soil enhancer that can increase soil fertility. This study aims to determine the appropriate dose of palm fiber biochar for the growth and yield of various varieties of groundnuts. This research was conducted in July - December 2022 at the Experimental Field of the Faculty of Agriculture UNS Jumantono, Karanganyar. The study used a factorial Complete Randomized Block Design consisting of 2 factors, namely the type of peanut variety (Takar 2; Hypoma 1) and the dose of palm fiber biochar (0 t.ha-1; 7.5 t.ha-1; 15 t.ha-1; 22.5 t.ha-1). The variables observed were number of branches, number of flowers, number of pods, number of seeds, seed weight per plant, and harvest index. Data analysis used analysis of variance and was further tested using 5% Duncan’s Multiple Range Test The results showed that the addition of palm fiber biochar at a dose of 7.5 t.ha-1 could increase the number of peanut flowers. Treatment of the Takar 2 variety had a higher number of flowers, number of pods, number of seeds, seed weight, and yield index than Hypoma 1.
Optimization of lowland productivity through fertilization as a food buffer against the impact of climate change
Authors: Ratmini N.P. Sri , Subiksa I.G.M. , Suprihatin Agus , Suastika I.W. , Riyanto Damasus
Published: December 2023

Lowland is an agroecosystem that can be cultivated for agricultural production activities. Its wide potential and planting time are generally carried out in the dry season resulting in lowland areas being the main national food buffer during El-Nino. Its management, which is not optimal results in low production. Increased productivity of lowland land can be done by applying the optimum fertilizer. This study aims to determine the effect of NPK fertilizer on the growth and productivity of rice in lowland fields in South Sumatra. The study used a completely randomized block design with four treatments and six replications. The indicator plant uses rice variety Inpari 42. The results showed that the highest production was obtained in the combined treatment of 250 kg NPK ha-1 + 150 kg urea ha-1 + 1,000 kg dolomite ha-1 with a yield of 5.81 t ha-1. These results indicate that NPK and urea fertilization combined with dolomite can increase the productivity of lowland rice fields as a buffer zone for rice production against the impacts of climate change.
The effectiveness of acid-tolerant antagonists in the control of oil palms root necrotic caused by Ganoderma sp. in peat soils
Authors: Supriyanto  , Purwanto  , Poromarto Susilo H. , Supyani H.
Published: December 2023

Oil palm is the main plantation commodity in Indonesia. In the last two decades, Indonesian palm oil has always been associated with global warming because most of its plantation areas are located on peatlands and the cultivation method is considered not environmentally friendly. One of the problems of oil palm cultivation on peatlands is stem rot disease caused by the fungi Ganoderma sp. This disease is transmitted through root contact. There is no effective way to control this disease. Biological control is an alternative method that is environmentally friendly. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of acid-tolerant antagonists in controlling oil palm root necrotic on peat soils. The study tested 5 isolates of the acid-tolerant antagonists in reducing oil palm root necrosis caused by Ganoderma on peat soils in experimental gardens. The results showed that the acid-tolerant antagonists were effective in controlling root necrosis in oil palm seedlings on peat soils. Its effectiveness reached 16.67%. Differences in peat soil pH and peat maturity did not affect the effectiveness of root necrotic control caused by Ganoderma sp. These results indicate that using acid-tolerant antagonistic fungi can help reduce Ganoderma sp attacks on oil palms on peat soils.
Enhancing zinc uptake and grain yield of Ciherang and Inpari IR Nutri Zinc rice varieties using Zn-solubilizing bacteria
Authors: Pratiwi Etty , Ilmi Nabila Strata , Rivaie A. Arivin , Adriany Terry Ayu , Nababan Antonius Fransisco
Published: December 2023

In elevated atmospheric CO2 conditions, a prominent greenhouse gas contributing to climate change, there is a notable reduction in zinc (Zn) concentration within lowland rice crops. Zn deficiency diminishes rice productivity and lowers Zn content in grains, impacting human health, particularly stunting. This study aims to assess the effects of applying isolated Zn-solubilizing bacteria (ZnSB) strains and ZnSO4 on Zn uptake and yield in two rice varieties: Inpari IR Nutri Zinc (high Zn content) in the first trial and Ciherang (medium Zn content) in the second trial, conducted in an Inceptisol soil. The treatments were organized in a Randomized Block Design with three replications. The first factor involved ZnSO4 fertilizer (Z0 = without ZnSO4; and Z1 = with ZnSO4). The second factor was ZnSB strains (B0 = without ZnSB; B1 = Klebsiella pneumoniae Zn2; B2 = Enterobacter cloacae CmA12; B3 = E. bugandensis CmD2; B4 = S. marcescens CmT13; and B5 = B. thuringiensis PuT1). The results indicated that applying ZnSB strains without ZnSO4 significantly increased grain yields for both Ciherang and Inpari IR Nutri Zinc varieties (7.67% and 4.12%, respectively) and enhanced Zn uptake (28.05% and 13.58%, respectively). Moreover, combined ZnSB and ZnSO4 application also significantly increased yields for both varieties (12.14% and 25.03%, respectively) and Zn uptake (33.29% and 13.99%, respectively), demonstrating the potential of ZnSB for enhancing Zn uptake and rice yield. These findings suggest promising strategies for addressing Zn deficiency in rice cultivation under elevated CO2 conditions.
Paper biosensors utilize silver nanoparticles for onsite pesticide residue detection
Authors: Hermanto Dhony , Ismillayli Nurul , Hamdiani Saprini , Kamali Siti Raudhatul , Wirawan Rahadi , Muliasari Handa
Published: December 2023

The improper use of pesticides and excessive doses in the long term contribute to climate change and even threaten human health, organisms, and the balance of the ecosystem. A pesticide detection device is needed to monitor its levels to minimize risks to human health and the environment. A paper biosensor was developed in this study to detect organophosphates by utilizing the enzyme acetylcholine esterase (AChE) and silver nanoparticles (AgNP). The Whatman filter paper was used as a visual OP detection zone. AgNP, as an indicator, is adsorbed and gives a brownish-yellow color to the paper, while AChE is immobilized into the film and layered on the paper. The addition of acetylthiocholine chloride as a substrate to the film released thiocholine products which could replace the capping AgNPs causing the AgNPs to aggregate and the paper color to pale. The presence of OP in the sample will inhibit AChE activity so that paper fading is reduced. The biosensor response is quantized as an RGB value, which is determined using an application on a smartphone. The resulting biosensor has excellent performance with a linear range of 0.05-2.00 mg/L, a detection limit of 0.04 mg/L, and a CV of 0.48%. Biosensor measurements on vegetable samples showed conformity with the GCMS results as the standard method. Therefore, this biosensor is suitable for the on-site detection of pesticides offering easy, fast, and inexpensive analysis.
The effectiveness of biofertilizer biofilm formulation in promoting the growth of Pak choi (Brassica rapa L.) plant
Authors: Rosariastuti Retno , Harir Addina , Hartati Sri , Irawan Evi , Nugraha Setya
Published: December 2023

One of the climate changes is the El Nino phenomenon, causing the soil to dry out, so it needs to be addressed because it will impact plant growth. Farmers use a lot of inorganic fertilizers (NPK), and in the long term, it can cause soil damage. One alternative treatment is to use organic fertilizers or biological fertilizers. Biofilm biofertilizer is a form of biological fertilizer. This study aims to determine the effect of dosing biofilm biofertilizer on the growth of Pak choi plants so that it can help reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers. This type of research was an experiment in a greenhouse using a completely randomized design (CRD) with six treatments, consisting of A (100% inorganic fertilizer), B (75% inorganic fertilizer and 25% biofilm biofertilizer), C (50% inorganic fertilizer and 50% biofertilizer biofilm), D (25% inorganic fertilizer and 75% biofertilizer biofilm), E (100% biofertilizer biofilm), and F (no inorganic fertilizer and no biofertilizer biofilm). Each treatment was repeated four times. Parameters used in this study included plant height, number of leaves, dry weight and wet weight, and leaf diameter. Data analysis used the ANOVA test with a 95% confidence level, followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that the combination of 25% biofertilizer biofilm treatment with 75% inorganic fertilizer gave the best results compared to the control and other treatments. The treatment of 25% Biofilm biofertilizer with 75% inorganic fertilizer was able to increase plant height by 21.175 cm or 74.24% higher than control, number of leaves by 17.25 strands or 65.62% higher than control, leaf width by 7.125 cm or 61.80% higher than control, wet weight by 28.083 g or 97.29% higher than control, and dry weight by 1.869 g or 95.88% higher than control so that this treatment can be an alternative to reduce the use of inorganic fertilizer.
Are emerging economies a pollution haven? a new era in dirty industrial trade
Authors: Al Ahmad Ana Shohibul Manshur , Sarjiyanto
Published: December 2023

The hypothesis that international trade causes pollution and environmental damage is still debated and creates heat rather than light. Right extremists argue that trade encourages investment and economic growth while accretion benefits cover the environmental cost. Other extremists claim that international trade is a pollution transmitter (flight industry) from developed countries to countries with laxer policies and low costs. It creates a world pollution haven through the production and trade of dirty industries, especially in countries with abundant factors and low costs. This study aims to investigate the existence of pollution havens as a source of environmental pollution in developing economies. This research method uses a unit root test to estimate the presence of pollutants in each country. This study also employs the dirty industry's trade balance index (TBI) for 44 countries worldwide. The results of this study show that most emerging economies tend to be pollution havens (PH) of developed countries. This finding provides different effects on the pollution haven effect (PHE): full, partial, and clean PH. The implication is that strong environmental policies are necessary for developing economies through a commitment to implementing the SDGs. In addition, global conformity, technological innovation, and strong institutions are required to achieve a clean economy and sustainable development.
Analyzing lead time for flood early warning system in the upstream Citarum River
Authors: Asri Aristi Ayuningsi Ode , Rohmat Faizal Immaddudin Wira , Kardhana Hadi , Kuntoro Arno Adi , Farid Mohammad
Published: December 2023

The Citarum River is a staple water source for the people of West Java, irrigating rice fields in West Java, generating electricity in Java and Bali, supplying water to Jakarta, and operating hydroelectric dams. West Java is prone to flooding because of the concave topography of the Upper Citarum. Floods in Majalaya and Sapan are typically of short duration, with water levels increasing rapidly. Therefore, implementing a predictive early warning system is essential for effective flood control. This study examines lead times utilizing Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) data, water levels, and discharge information to provide Majalaya and Sapan communities with early flood warnings and enable timely evacuations. The analysis reveals that Majalaya’s lead time is often less than an hour (with 76% incidence and 24% risk), while Sapan's lead time is commonly less than four hours (with 86% occurrence and 14% risk). Utilizing effective lead times enhances the preparation before a flood in the study area. Given the importance of pre-flood evacuation lead times, this research can inform the development of early warning systems in Indonesia, particularly in Majalaya and Sapan.
Utilization of biomass wastes: coconut and Pangium edule shells as activated carbon for energy storage device material
Authors: Susanti Diah , Nurdiansah Haniffudin , Pramata Azzah Dyah , Noor Rohmanuddin Tubagus , Fajarin Rindang , Rakhmawati Yeny Widya , Kusuma George Endri , Bahfie Fathan
Published: December 2023

In this research, activated carbon (AC) was synthesized from biomass wastes of coconut and Pangium edule shells and utilized as a material for electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLC), which are eco-friendly energy storage devices. This research was intended to bridge the need for greenhouse gas-free energy storage device and the handling of abundant biomass wastes. These efforts would undoubtedly contribute to mitigating climate change. To begin the research, the coconut and Pangium edule shells underwent carbonization at varying temperatures of 600°C and 700°C for 2 hours. Subsequently, they were subjected to chemical activation using KOH and physical activation at varying temperatures of 110°C and 600°C. Some characterization techniques, including SEM, XRD, TGA/DSC, BET, Iodine number, and proximate analysis, were employed to analyze the materials. The capacitive properties of EDLC electrodes were assessed through cyclic voltammetry (CV). After carbonization at 700°C and subsequent physical activation at 600°C, the coconut and Pangium edule shells exhibited the highest active surface area of 548.542 m2g-1 and 333.4 m2g-1, respectively. Notably, the EDLC demonstrated a maximum specific capacitance of 364.5 Fg-1 at 2 mVs-1 scan rate. These findings indicate the viability of utilizing AC from biomass waste as a promising material for EDLC applications.
Energy balance and methane emission prediction in Simmental Cross-breed Cattle Feeding different types of forages and concentrates
Authors: Nuruzzaman Azka , Yanti Yuli , Sulistyo Sulistyo , Widyawati Susi Dwi
Published: December 2023

This study aims to examine the energy balance of Simmental Cross-breed Cattle given different forage and different proportion of concentrates. This research was conducted at Izzah Farm, Boyolali Regency, Central Java. The material for this research consisted of nine bulls with an average initial body weight of 506±80.09 kg. The research design used a completely randomized design with three treatments and three replications each treatment. The feed proportion was 70:30 (concentrate:forage). The treatments were T1=pollard bran+rice bran (1:4) and kolonjono grass, T2 = pollard bran+rice bran (1:4) and fermented rice straw, and T3 = pollard bran+commercial concentrate (1:4) and fermented rice straw. Data were analysed using the Anova test. The results of this study showed that there was no difference (P<.05) in digested energy and metabolized energy with an average of 1.01 MJ/BB0.75/day and 0.77 MJ/BB0.75/day. Energy intake was 1.65 MJ/BB0.75/day. Energy digestibility and methane emission emission were significantly different with an average of 60.22% and 7.40 KJ/100 KJ GEI. The conclusion of this study is that ransom containing pollard bran+commercial concentrate (1:4) and Fermented Rice Straw has low methane emission.
Exceptions for stop building coal-fired power plants in Indonesia
Authors: Sandria Andriko , Adji Kresna Damar , Prabowo Jericho Julius
Published: December 2023

Indonesia planned to stop building new Coal-Fired Power Plants after 2023 which are in line with its NDC for Global Climate Change Regimes. But, Joko Widodo, Indonesia President, issued regulations that the government will allow to build new coal-fired power plants until 2030. This paper will explain Indonesia policy in allowing the construction of new coal-fired power plants. By using international regimes in renewable energy approach, Indonesia's role in fulfilling the needs in energy and also commitment to transform to clean energy will be explained. The Results of this paper show that Indonesia used rhetoric to show their commitment to get international support in funding for renewable energy developments. Yet, Indonesia allowing the construction of new coal-fired power plants has been used for bargaining positions for most of its interest in international forums. Indonesia got $20 billion deals from G7 Countries for transitions in The Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP) scheme but is still getting international attention to get more investments. Indonesia also handled most of Non Governmental Organizations efforts to stop building new coal-fired power plants by making public statements for its reliable plant of transitions. In conclusion, Indonesia is using coal-fired power plants rhetoric to get funding for its transitions coping with the climate changes agenda in energy sectors.
The adaptation to climate change by slerek boat fishermen in Muncar Subdistrict, Banyuwangi Regency
Authors: Hariyati Yuli , Putri Julfia Rasya , Muhtadi Kamil , Zainuddin Ahmad , Maghfiroh Illia Seldon
Published: December 2023

Climate change, the La Nina phenomenon, has various impacts on the fisheries sector, especially capture fisheries. One of the impacts of the La Nina phenomenon is that high rainfall causes fishermen to be unable to go to sea and reduces catches, so that it reduces fishermen's income. Therefore, fishermen need to adapt to climate changes that are occurring. This research aims to determine the form of climate change adaptation, measure the level of adaptation, and income earned by fishermen. This research uses descriptive and analytical methods. The results of the research show that there are 8 forms of adaptation carried out by Slerek boat fishermen. The level of adaptation of fishermen to climate change is 74%, of which 53.33% of fishermen are classified as low level of adaptation and 46.67% of fishermen are classified as high level of adaptation. Apart from that, there is a difference in income between fishermen with a high level of adaptation and fishermen with a low level of adaptation. It implied that fishermen with a high level of adaptation are able to combine various forms of adaptation to climate change and earn higher income.
The impact of the simultaneous presence of Li and Nb(Ta) vacancies in the defect structure of pure LiBO3 (B=Nb, Ta) on the curie temperature
Authors: Beriniz Mohamed , El bouayadi Omar , El barbri Noureddine , Maaider Kamal , Khalil Abdelghani
Published: December 2023

The lithium niobate (LiNbO3, "LN") and lithium tantalate (LiTaO3, "LT") crystals are piezoelectric materials that exhibit intrinsic or extrinsic defect structures, which immediately impact their optical and electrical properties. In this study, we examine the influence of point defects on the Curie temperature (Tc) for different samples of pure LN and LT, using three vacancy models: the tantalum (niobium) vacancy model, the lithium vacancy model and the mixed lithium and tantalum (niobium) vacancy model. Based on the Safaryan approach, it was found that the calculated values for the tantalum (niobium) vacancy model did not agree with the experimental data. However, the lithium vacancy model and the mixed vacancy model showed good agreement between experimental and theoretical results. In conclusion, the proposed mixed vacancy model provides the best description of the defect structure in LN and LT materials, and the Tc, is influenced by the structural defects present in the LN and LT compounds.
Ecological and health risk assessments of rare earth elements in soil from gold mining areas in Sudan
Authors: Ahmed Minas Elfatih , Bounouira Hamid , Abbo Mohamed Adam , Amsil Hamid , Didi Abdessamad , Badague Abdelwahab , Aarab Iliasse
Published: December 2023

The increasing demand for rare earth elements (REE) has led to increased mining activities, which may result in potential ecological and health risks. Our objective was to evaluate the potential ecological and analyze the health risks associated with REE in soil samples obtained from the gold mining region, employing neutron activation analysis (NAA). The pollution load index (PLI) was carried out to evaluate the REE contamination. The findings indicated that the soils in gold mining regions were generally uncontaminated, with the exception of two specific locations. The correlation among of the REE with Au were carried out taking into account the chemical weathering indices (CIA). The potential ecological risk was calculated to conduct an ecological risk assessment of REE in the soil. The outcomes revealed that the RI values for the soil samples gathered from the mining area were within safe limits, signifying a low ecological risk, With the exception of Lutetium in three specific sample sites, suggesting a low to moderate level of ecological risk. Also, non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risk assessment was conducted in order to investigate potential adverse health risks. The hazard quotient values for both adults and children remained below 1, indicating that there were no significant non-carcinogenic risks to the inhabitants associated with all REE in the soil through ingestion, dermal contact, and inhalation pathways.