bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wall Paintings in the House of Aion at Nea Paphos
Authors: Jastrzębowska Elzbieta
Published: June 2019

This paper studies a collection of painted plaster fragments excavated between 1984 and 1989 in the northern part of the so-called House of Aion, that is, three small rooms (Nos 3, 13, 14, 15 and 7). The architectural context of these finds and their dating is first recapitulated: the house was constructed in the second half of the 4th century only to be demolished by a strong earthquake at the end of the century or the beginning of the following one. Most of the plaster pieces were small and of little significance in terms of the remaining colors, but a few from Room 7 were sufficiently well preserved to support a reconstruction of parts of five figural images (three muses, Apollo and a mask) and determine their hypothetical position in this room. Parallels, in painting and floor mosaics, range from Ephesos and Kos in the east to Vichen (Luxembourg) in the west. Based on the iIconographic identification, the 4th century AD Muses from Paphos could be recognized as: a standing Thalia holding a mask, a seated Urania and a standing Euterpe with a double flute in her hand, accompanied by Apollo holding a lyre. Together they constituted typical decoration of a Mediterranean Roman house, common
from the early Empire through late antiquity.
Role of Multimedia in Depicting the Social Issues of People with ID
Authors: Bolatovna Alimzhanova Aikerim , Erkinuly Issabek Nurdaulet , Serikalievna Zhaxylykbaeva Rimma , Khamzauly Kamzin Kaken , Dauren Mukhamedzhanov
Published: June 2019

This research paper discusses the role of multimedia journalism in depicting the social issues of people with intellectual disabilities (ID) and how modern multimedia supports them.
This study aimed to examine how multimedia supports people with intellectual disabilities and how it helps people cope with this problem. The survey covered the year 2017.
The purpose of this qualitative study was to produce an overview of topics and practical recommendations that have been presented for multimedia journalism students to cooperate with the problem of people with ID, how to conduct assistance and highlight their issues in media.
The topic was widely studied, and the outline was made by focusing on the practical implications of research articles. The implications for practice and research are presented based on the findings of this study
A Multidisciplinary Toxicity Team for Cancer Immunotherapy–Related Adverse Events
Authors: Naidoo Jarushka , Zhang Jiajia , Lipson Evan J. , Forde Patrick M. , Suresh Karthik , Moseley Kendall F. , Mehta Seema , Kwatra Shawn G. , Parian Alyssa M. , Kim Amy K. , Probasco John C. , Rouf Rosanne , Thorne Jennifer E. , Shanbhag Satish , Riemer Joanne , Shah Ami A. , Pardoll Drew M. , Bingham Clifton O. , Brahmer Julie R. , Cappelli Laura C.
Published: June 2019

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Methods to obtain real-time multidisciplinary input for irAEs that require subspecialist care are unknown. This study aimed to determine whether a virtual multidisciplinary immune-related toxicity (IR-tox) team of oncology and medicine subspecialists would be feasible to implement, be used by oncology providers, and identify patients for whom multidisciplinary input is sought. Patients and Methods: Patients treated with ICIs and referred to the IR-tox team in August 2017 through March 2018 were identified. Feasibility was defined as receipt of electronic referrals and provision of recommendations within 24 hours of referral. Use was defined as the proportion of referring providers who used the team’s recommendations, which was determined through a postpilot survey. Demographics and tumor, treatment, and referral data were collected. Patient features and irAE associations were analyzed. Results: The IR-tox team was found to be feasible and used: 117 referrals from 102 patients were received in 8 months, all providers received recommendations within 24 hours, 100% of surveyed providers used the recommendations, and 74% changed patient management based on IR-tox team recommendations. Referrals were for suspected irAEs (n=106; 91%) and suitability to treat with ICIs (n=11; 10%). In referred patients, median age was 64 years, 54% were men, 13% had prior autoimmunity, and 46% received ICI combinations versus monotherapy (54%). The most commonly referred toxicities were pneumonitis (23%), arthritis (16%), and dermatitis (15%); 15% of patients had multisystem toxicities. Multiple referrals were more common in those treated with combination ICIs (odds ratio [OR], 6.0; P=.035) or with multisystem toxicities (OR, 8.1; P=.005). The IR-tox team provided a new multidisciplinary forum to assist providers in diagnosing and managing complex irAEs. This model identifies educational and service needs, and patients with irAEs for whom multidisciplinary care is most sought. Conclusions: A virtual multidisciplinary toxicity team for irAEs was a feasible and used service, and facilitated toxicity identification and management.
Population-Based Study on Cancer Subtypes, Guideline-Concordant Adjuvant Therapy, and Survival Among Women With Stage I–III Breast Cancer
Authors: Hsieh Mei-Chin , Zhang Lu , Wu Xiao-Cheng , Davidson Mary B. , Loch Michelle , Chen Vivien W.
Published: June 2019

Background: Breast cancer subtype is a key determinant in treatment decision-making, and also effects survival outcome. In this population-based study, in-depth analyses were performed to examine the impact that breast cancer subtype and receipt of guideline-concordant adjuvant systemic therapy (AST) have on survival using a population-based cancer registry’s data. Methods: Women aged ≥20 years with microscopically confirmed stage I–III breast cancer diagnosed in 2011 were identified from the Louisiana Tumor Registry. Breast cancer subtypes were categorized based on hormone receptor (HR) and HER2 status. Guideline-concordant treatment was defined using the NCCN Guidelines for Breast Cancer. Logistic regression was applied to identify factors associated with guideline-concordant AST receipt. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were generated to compare survival among subtypes by AST receipt status, and a semiparametric additive hazard model was used to verify the factors impacting survival outcome. Results: Of 2,214 eligible patients, most (70.8%) were HR+/HER2– followed by HR–/HER2– (14.4%), and 78.6% received guideline-concordant AST. Compared with patients with the HR+/HER2+ subtype, women with other subtypes were more likely to be guideline-concordant after adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical variables. Women with the HR–/HER2+ or HR–/HER2– subtype had a higher risk of any-cause and breast cancer–specific death than those with the HR+/HER2+ subtype. Those who did not receive AST had an additional adjusted hazard of 0.0191 (P=.0001) in overall survival and 0.0126 (P=.0011) in cause-specific survival compared with those who received AST. Conclusions: Most patients received guideline-concordant AST, except for those with the HR+/HER2+ subtype. Patients receiving guideline-adherent adjuvant therapy had better survival outcomes across all breast cancer subtypes.
NCCN Guidelines Insights: B-Cell Lymphomas, Version 3.2019
Authors: Zelenetz Andrew D. , Gordon Leo I. , Abramson Jeremy S. , Advani Ranjana H. , Bartlett Nancy L. , Caimi Paolo F. , Chang Julie E. , Chavez Julio C. , Christian Beth , Fayad Luis E. , Glenn Martha J. , Habermann Thomas M. , Lee Harris Nancy , Hernandez-Ilizaliturri Francisco , Kaminski Mark S. , Kelsey Christopher R. , Khan Nadia , Krivacic Susan , LaCasce Ann S. , Mehta Amitkumar , Nademanee Auayporn , Rabinovitch Rachel , Reddy Nishitha , Reid Erin , Roberts Kenneth B. , Smith Stephen D. , Snyder Erin D. , Swinnen Lode J. , Vose Julie M. , Dwyer Mary A. , Sundar Hema
Published: June 2019

Diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) and follicular lymphoma (FL) are the most common subtypes of B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas in adults. Histologic transformation of FL to DLBCL (TFL) occurs in approximately 15% of patients and is generally associated with a poor clinical outcome. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors have shown promising results in the treatment of relapsed/refractory FL. CAR T-cell therapy (axicabtagene ciloleucel and tisagenlecleucel) has emerged as a novel treatment option for relapsed/refractory DLBCL and TFL. These NCCN Guidelines Insights highlight important updates to the NCCN Guidelines for B-Cell Lymphomas regarding the treatment of TFL and relapsed/refractory FL and DLBCL.
L’ÉVOLUTION DU SAVOIR PROFESSIONNEL DES ENSEIGNANTS AU QUÉBEC ET EN ONTARIO : UNE ANALYSE SOCIOLOGIQUE NÉOWÉBÉRIENNE
Authors: Morales-Perlaza Adriana , Tardif Maurice
Published: June 2019

En lien avec la question de la professionnalisation de l’enseignement, cet article présente une analyse de l’évolution historique et sociologique du savoir professionnel à la base de la formation des enseignants au Québec et en Ontario à travers l’approche néowébérienne en sociologie des professions. À partir d’une recherche documentaire, nous concluons que dans les années1950-1960 la mise en place d’un savoir rationnel théorique se réalise de manière différenciée, cette rationalisation étant basée sur une pédagogie scientifique au Québec et sur l’éducation libérale en Ontario. Malgré l’arrivée d’une « rationalité pratique » dans les années 1990 dans les deux provinces, les changements des années subséquentes retiendront certaines conceptions des années 1950-1960, celles-ci ayant une influence importante sur les structures actuelles de la formation.
PERCEPTION DE MEMBRES DE LA COMMUNAUTÉ ÉDUCATIVE DES FACTEURS DE RÉUSSITE ET D’ÉCHEC DES ÉLÈVES ISSUS DE L’IMMIGRATION D’ÉCOLES SECONDAIRES DÉFAVORISÉES ET PLURIETHNIQUES MONTRÉALAISES
Authors: Bissonnette Mélissa , Toussaint Pierre , Martiny Cynthia , Fortier Gabriel , Ouellet Fernand
Published: June 2019

La réussite scolaire est souhaitée pour tous les élèves québécois. Considérant la diversité ethnoculturelle des élèves dans les écoles montréalaises, et leur réussite scolaire plus difficile à atteindre, l’article décrit et analyse la perception de membres de communautés éducatives de milieux scolaires pluriethniques et défavorisés quant à la réussite et l’échec scolaires des élèves issus de l’immigration. Les données issues de 79 entrevues ont été analysées au regard des relations à leurs caractéristiques sociales et démographiques. Les résultats montrent que parmi les trois principaux facteurs de réussite et d’échec identifiés dans la recherche, seuls le sexe, l’âge et le statut des participants permettent de relever des différences au sein des propos des participants et sont discutés dans l’article.
KANIEN’KEHA / MOHAWK INDIGENOUS LANGUAGE REVITALISATION EFFORTS IN CANADA
Authors: Gomashie Grace A.
Published: June 2019

This paper gives an overview of ongoing revitalisation efforts for Kanien’keha / Mohawk, one of the endangered Indigenous languages in Canada. For the Mohawk people, their language represents a significant part of the culture, identity and well-being of individuals, families, and communities. The endangerment of Kanien’keha and other Indigenous languages in Canada was greatly accelerated by the residential school system. This paper describes the challenges surrounding language revitalisation in Mohawk communities within Canada as well as progress made, specifically for the Kanien’keha / Mohawk language.
Effect of dietary concentrate to forage ratio on growth performance, rumen fermentation and bacterial diversity of Tibetan sheep under barn feeding on Qinghai-Tibetan plateau
Authors: Liu Hongjin , xu Tianwei , Xu Shixiao , Ma Li , Han Xueping , Wang Xungang , Zhang Xiaoling , Hu Linyong , Zhao Na , Chen Yongwei , Pi Li , Zhao Xinquan
Published: June 2019

This study aimed to reaearch the effects of different dietary concentrate to forage (C:F) ratio on growth performance, rumen fermentation and bacteria diversity of barn feeding Tibetan sheep. The experiment contains fiver treatments (HS1, HS2 HS3, HS4 and HS5; n=8, respectively) based on dietary C: F ratios 0:100, 15:85, 30:70, 45:55, and 60:40, respectively. The ruminal bacterial community structure was investigated through high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes in V4 hypervariable region. The results showed that increases dietary concentrate feed level from 0% to 60% exerted a positive effect on DMI, BW gain, gain rate and feed conversation ratio (FCR) in Tibetan sheep. The increases dietary concentrate feed level increased NH3-N, propionate and valerate concentrations, whereas, reduced molar ratio of acetate to propionate (A/P ratio) (P<0.05). For rumen bacterial diversity, increases in dietary concentrate content contributed to lower alpha diversity indexes including Shannon wiener, Chao1 and observed species, meanwhile, significantly increased the abundances of the phylum Bacteroidetes and the genus Prevotella_1 (P<0.05). In conclusion, increases dietary concentrate content improved the growth performance and Tibetan sheep fed diets of 45% concentrate obtained a better performance; the inclusion of concentrate in feed changed rumen fermentation from acetate fermentation to propionate fermentation, and improved the energy utilization efficiency of Tibetan sheep; the increases in concentrate content significantly reduced rumen bacteria diversity and changed the abundance of some core bacteria.
Inelastic scattering imaging system for Pseudocercospora fijiensis detection
Authors: Velez Alvarez Juan , Bastidas Alvaro , Monsalve Alejandra , Adel Tehseen , Calle Isabel , Arango Rafael
Published: June 2019

This work sought to develop an inelastic scattering imaging system based on Raman spectroscopy for the detection of the fungal phytopathogen, Pseudocercospora fijiensis, which causes Black Sigatoka disease in banana crops, very important in Colombian agro-industrial economy. This system consists of a modified stereoscope with an optical setup able to simultaneously capture spectral images together with its Raman spectra. The camera has two different bandpass filters attached, centered in the spectral region of C=O stretching of Chitin and the equatorial bending vibration of beta-1,3-glucan, molecules of the fungal cell wall. In this way, the system can get images with unique spectral features, suitable for training a convolutional neural network in order to get a recognition pattern of the fungal strain growing in the PDA agar. As a result, the instrument was able to detect the presence of P.fijiensis over the culture media.
Anomalous Quality of Service Deterioration at Roundabouts Caused by Rainfall
Authors: Ben Edigbe Johnnie Ebioye , Ibijola Stephen
Published: June 2019

The paper investigated the extent to which rainfall influences the quality of service delivery at multilane roundabouts using a novel quality of service approach. Quality of service is defined as how well roundabouts operate based on road users and road providers’ perception of service quality. Delay and reserve capacity were used respectively as proxies for road users and road providers’ perception of service quality. The entry and circulating traffic data were recorded continuously for eight weeks under dry, light, moderate, and heavy rainfall weather conditions at each surveyed roundabout, then collated, analysed and compared. Linear regression with dummy variable was used to model the roundabout entry capacity and a corrector factor was added to modify the regression function. The corrector factor considered different entry radii and entry angles of surveyed roundabouts. Multi-criteria quality of service table with travel time as proxy for road users and speed as proxy for road providers’ perception of service delivery was developed from peak traffic data and used to determine the extent of deterioration. The multi-criteria table introduced in the paper is a clear departure from the speed-based criteria used in many studies. The results show a significant increase in time delay and a decrease in reserve capacity relative to rainfall. The paper has concluded that rainfall has an anomalous negative effect on the quality of service at multilane roundabouts. The findings could be used in a variety of ways in traffic management to predict the travel time at roundabouts under rainy conditions and to prescribe speed limits accordingly.
Impact of Traffic-Induced Vibrations on Residential Buildings and Their Occupants in Metropolitan Cities
Authors: Erkal Aykut
Published: June 2019

This paper evaluates and quantifies the adverse impact of traffic-induced vibrations on the structural systems of residential buildings and their occupants. To do this, İstanbul, one of the world’s most populous and traffic-congested cities, was selected as a case study. Firstly, a survey was conducted on 100 occupants of six neighbourhoods to understand human perception of vibrations and the physical condition of typical buildings. Then, train-induced ground vibrations were measured near a busy railway. Using the survey data and the measured train vibrations, time-history analyses were applied to five typical residential buildings. The results showed that there is a considerable contribution of higher modes to overall building response. Peak particle velocities calculated on the buildings are predominantly intolerable. Critically, 95% of the occupants would like authorities to reorganize traffic regulations to reduce the effects of this global problem. Therefore, human response to traffic-induced vibrations should be consideration of serviceability limit state and site-specific analysis should be incorporated into the codes of practice.
Anatomical and physiological foundations of cerebello-hippocampal interaction
Authors: Watson Thomas Charles , Obiang Pauline , Torres-Herraez Arturo , Watilliaux Aurélie , Coulon Patrice , Rochefort Christelle , Rondi-Reig Laure
Published: June 2019

Multiple lines of evidence suggest that functionally intact cerebello-hippocampal interactions are required for appropriate spatial processing. However, how the cerebellum anatomically and physiologically engages with the hippocampus to sustain such communication remains unknown. Using rabies virus as a retrograde transneuronal tracer in mice, we reveal that the dorsal hippocampus receives input from topographically restricted and disparate regions of the cerebellum. By simultaneously recording local field potential from both the dorsal hippocampus and anatomically connected cerebellar regions, we additionally suggest that the two structures interact, in a behaviorally dynamic manner, through subregion-specific synchronization of neuronal oscillations in the 6–12 Hz frequency range. Together, these results reveal a novel neural network macro-architecture through which we can understand how a brain region classically associated with motor control, the cerebellum, may influence hippocampal neuronal activity and related functions, such as spatial navigation.
Liquid-crystal organization of liver tissue
Authors: Morales-Navarrete Hernán , Nonaka Hidenori , Scholich André , Segovia-Miranda Fabián , de Back Walter , Meyer Kirstin , Bogorad Roman L , Koteliansky Victor , Brusch Lutz , Kalaidzidis Yannis , Jülicher Frank , Friedrich Benjamin M , Zerial Marino
Published: June 2019

Functional tissue architecture originates by self-assembly of distinct cell types, following tissue-specific rules of cell-cell interactions. In the liver, a structural model of the lobule was pioneered by Elias in 1949. This model, however, is in contrast with the apparent random 3D arrangement of hepatocytes. Since then, no significant progress has been made to derive the organizing principles of liver tissue. To solve this outstanding problem, we computationally reconstructed 3D tissue geometry from microscopy images of mouse liver tissue and analyzed it applying soft-condensed-matter-physics concepts. Surprisingly, analysis of the spatial organization of cell polarity revealed that hepatocytes are not randomly oriented but follow a long-range liquid-crystal order. This does not depend exclusively on hepatocytes receiving instructive signals by endothelial cells, since silencing Integrin-β1 disrupted both liquid-crystal order and organization of the sinusoidal network. Our results suggest that bi-directional communication between hepatocytes and sinusoids underlies the self-organization of liver tissue.
Cas9+ conditionally-immortalized macrophages as a tool for bacterial pathogenesis and beyond
Authors: Roberts Allison W , Popov Lauren M , Mitchell Gabriel , Ching Krystal L , Licht Daniel J , Golovkine Guillaume , Barton Gregory M , Cox Jeffery S
Published: June 2019

Macrophages play critical roles in immunity, development, tissue repair, and cancer, but studies of their function have been hampered by poorly-differentiated tumor cell lines and genetically-intractable primary cells. Here we report a facile system for genome editing in non-transformed macrophages by differentiating ER-Hoxb8 myeloid progenitors from Cas9-expressing transgenic mice. These conditionally immortalized macrophages (CIMs) retain characteristics of primary macrophages derived from the bone marrow yet allow for easy genetic manipulation and a virtually unlimited supply of cells. We demonstrate the utility of this system for dissection of host genetics during intracellular bacterial infection using two important human pathogens: Listeria monocytogenes and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-aa supports hair cell survival by regulating mitochondrial function
Authors: Alassaf Mroj , Daykin Emily C , Mathiaparanam Jaffna , Wolman Marc A
Published: June 2019

To support cell survival, mitochondria must balance energy production with oxidative stress. Inner ear hair cells are particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress; thus require tight mitochondrial regulation. We identified a novel molecular regulator of the hair cells’ mitochondria and survival: Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-aa (Pappaa). Hair cells in zebrafish pappaa mutants exhibit mitochondrial defects, including elevated mitochondrial calcium, transmembrane potential, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and reduced antioxidant expression. In pappaa mutants, hair cell death is enhanced by stimulation of mitochondrial calcium or ROS production and suppressed by a mitochondrial ROS scavenger. As a secreted metalloprotease, Pappaa stimulates extracellular insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) bioavailability. We found that the pappaa mutants’ enhanced hair cell loss can be suppressed by stimulation of IGF1 availability and that Pappaa-IGF1 signaling acts post-developmentally to support hair cell survival. These results reveal Pappaa as an extracellular regulator of hair cell survival and essential mitochondrial function.
Acetic acid activates distinct taste pathways in Drosophila to elicit opposing, state-dependent feeding responses
Authors: Devineni Anita V , Sun Bei , Zhukovskaya Anna , Axel Richard
Published: June 2019

Taste circuits are genetically determined to elicit an innate appetitive or aversive response, ensuring that animals consume nutritious foods and avoid the ingestion of toxins. We have examined the response of Drosophila melanogaster to acetic acid, a tastant that can be a metabolic resource but can also be toxic to the fly. Our data reveal that flies accommodate these conflicting attributes of acetic acid by virtue of a hunger-dependent switch in their behavioral response to this stimulus. Fed flies show taste aversion to acetic acid, whereas starved flies show a robust appetitive response. These opposing responses are mediated by two different classes of taste neurons, the sugar- and bitter-sensing neurons. Hunger shifts the behavioral response from aversion to attraction by enhancing the appetitive sugar pathway as well as suppressing the aversive bitter pathway. Thus a single tastant can drive opposing behaviors by activating distinct taste pathways modulated by internal state.
Influence of nonylphenol exposure on basic growth, development, and thyroid tissue structure in F1 male rats
Authors: Wang Lin , Xu Jie , Zeng Feng , Fu Xiangjun , Xu Weihong , Yu Jie
Published: June 2019

Objective

Environmental endocrine disruptors (EEDs) with a weak ability to mimic estrogen have been associated with thyroid dysfunction. However, little is known about the effect of nonylphenol (NP), a well-known EED, on thyroid structure. The present study evaluates whether gestational and lactational exposure to NP impacts growth and thyroid structure in F1 male rats.

Methods

A total of 60 rats were gavaged with NP (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg), estradiol (E2, 30 μg/kg/day), and corn oil alone (vehicle control) from gestational day 6 to postnatal day (PND) 21. Serum thyroid hormones free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone levels were detected by automated chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer. The NP level in the thyroid was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. The ultrastructure of follicular epithelial cells was examined using transmission electron microscopy. Histopathology was conducted using hematoxylin and eosin staining.

Results

On PND 0, exposure to 50 and 100 mg/kg/day NP led to a significant decrease in the average litter size, litter weight and number of live pups per litter compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Dams exposed to NP during perinatal period demonstrated decreased serum levels of FT3 and FT4 in F1 male rats, when compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The NP level in the control group was 3.39 ± 0.08 ng/mg, while NP levels in the low, middle, and high dose groups ranged from 5.20 to 11.00 ng/mg. Exposure caused a dose-related increase in NP level in the thyroid of male pups (P < 0.01). The thicknesses of the thyroid follicular epithelium were 2.06 ± 0.37 μm in the control group and 3.97 ± 1.61 μm in the high-dose group. The thickness of the thyroid follicular epithelium increased with an increase in treatment dose in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). The sizes of the thyroid follicles were 1,405.53 ± 866.62 μm2 in the control group and 317.49 ± 231.15 μm2 in the high-dose group. With increasing NP dosages, animals showed a decreased size of the thyroid follicle (P < 0.01). Thyroid follicular cells of NP-treated rats showed mildly swollen mitochondria and dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm.

Conclusion

Nonylphenol can cross the placental barrier and accumulate in the thyroid of F1 male rats. Gestational and lactational exposure to NP in dams impacted both development and growth of pups and damaged the ultrastructure of their thyroid tissue, which may further negatively influence normal thyroid function.
Symmetry preference in shapes, faces, flowers and landscapes
Authors: Bertamini Marco , Rampone Giulia , Makin Alexis D.J. , Jessop Andrew
Published: June 2019

Most people like symmetry, and symmetry has been extensively used in visual art and architecture. In this study, we compared preference for images of abstract and familiar objects in the original format or when containing perfect bilateral symmetry. We created pairs of images for different categories: male faces, female faces, polygons, smoothed version of the polygons, flowers, and landscapes. This design allows us to compare symmetry preference in different domains. Each observer saw all categories randomly interleaved but saw only one of the two images in a pair. After recording preference, we recorded a rating of how salient the symmetry was for each image, and measured how quickly observers could decide which of the two images in a pair was symmetrical. Results reveal a general preference for symmetry in the case of shapes and faces. For landscapes, natural (no perfect symmetry) images were preferred. Correlations with judgments of saliency were present but generally low, and for landscapes the salience of symmetry was negatively related to preference. However, even within the category where symmetry was not liked (landscapes), the separate analysis of original and modified stimuli showed an interesting pattern: Salience of symmetry was correlated positively (artificial) or negatively (original) with preference, suggesting different effects of symmetry within the same class of stimuli based on context and categorization.
Identification and characterization ofGypsophila paniculatacolor morphs in Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, MI, USA
Authors: Yang Marisa L. , Rice Emma , Leimbach-Maus Hailee , Partridge Charlyn G.
Published: June 2019

Background

Gypsophila paniculata(baby’s breath) is an invasive species found throughout much of the northwest United States and western Canada. Recently, plants exhibiting a different color morphology were identified within the coastal dunes along eastern Lake Michigan. The common baby’s breath (G. paniculata) typically produces stems that are purple in color (purple morph), while the atypical morph has stems that are green-yellow (green-yellow morph). The purpose of this study was to characterize these newly identified morphs and determine if they are genetically distinct species from the common baby’s breath in order to assess whether alternative management strategies should be employed to control these populations.

Methods

We sequenced two chloroplast regions, ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase gene (rbcL), and maturase K (matK), and one nuclear region, internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2), from the purple morphs and green-yellow morphs collected from Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, MI, USA (SBDNL). Sequences were aligned to reference sequences from otherGypsophilaspecies obtained from the Barcode of Life Database and GenBank databases. We also collected seeds from wild purple morph and wild green-yellow morph plants in SBDNL. We grew the seeds in a common garden setting and characterized the proportion of green-yellow individuals produced from the two color morphs after 5-months of growth.

Results

Phylogenetic analyses based upon rbcL, matK, and ITS2 regions suggest that the two color morphs are not distinct species and they both belong toG. paniculata. Seeds collected from wild green-yellow morphs produced a significantly higher proportion of green-yellow individuals compared to the number produced by seeds collected from wild purple morphs. However, seeds collected from both color morphs produced more purple morphs than green-yellow morphs.

Discussion

Based upon these results, we propose that the two color morphs are variants ofG. paniculata. Given the significant difference in the number of green-yellow morphs produced from the seeds of each morph type, we also suggest that this color difference has some genetic basis. We propose that current management continue to treat the two color morphs in a similar manner in terms of removal to prevent the further spread of this species.
iTRAQ-based quantitative proteome analysis reveals metabolic changes between a cleistogamous wheat mutant and its wild-type wheat counterpart
Authors: Tang Caiguo , Zhang Huilan , Zhang Pingping , Ma Yuhan , Cao Minghui , Hu Hao , Shah Faheem Afzal , Zhao Weiwei , Li Minghao , Wu Lifang
Published: June 2019

Background

Wheat is one of the most important staple crops worldwide. Fusarium head blight (FHB) severely affects wheat yield and quality. A novel bread wheat mutant, ZK001, characterized as cleistogamic was isolated from a non-cleistogamous variety Yumai 18 (YM18) through static magnetic field mutagenesis. Cleistogamy is a promising strategy for controlling FHB. However, little is known about the mechanism of cleistogamy in wheat.

Methods

We performed a FHB resistance test to identify the FHB infection rate of ZK001. We also measured the agronomic traits of ZK001 and the starch and total soluble sugar contents of lodicules in YM18 and ZK001. Finally, we performed comparative studies at the proteome level between YM18 and ZK001 based on the proteomic technique of isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification.

Results

The infection rate of ZK001 was lower than that of its wild-type and Aikang 58. The abnormal lodicules of ZK001 lost the ability to push the lemma and palea apart during the flowering stage. Proteome analysis showed that the main differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were related to carbohydrate metabolism, protein transport, and calcium ion binding. These DAPs may work together to regulate cellular homeostasis, osmotic pressure and the development of lodicules. This hypothesis is supported by the analysis of starch, soluble sugar content in the lodicules as well as the results of Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

Conclusions

Proteomic analysis has provided comprehensive information that should be useful for further research on the lodicule development mechanism in wheat. The ZK001 mutant is optimal for studying flower development in wheat and could be very important for FHB resistant projects via conventional crossing.
Targeted metabolomics study of serum bile acid profile in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis
Authors: Li Rong , Zeng Li , Xie Shuqin , Chen Jianwei , Yu Yuan , Zhong Ling
Published: June 2019

Background

Bile acids are important metabolites of intestinal microbiota, which have profound effects on host health. However, whether metabolism of bile acids is involved in the metabolic complications of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and the effects of bile acids on the prognosis of ESRD remain obscure. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between altered bile acid profile and the prognosis of ESRD patients.

Methods

A targeted metabolomics approach based on ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used to determine the changes in serum bile acids between ESRD patients (n= 77) and healthy controls (n= 30). Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed to screen the differential proportions of bile acids between the two groups.

Results

Six differentially expressed bile acids were identified as potential biomarkers for differentiating ESRD patients from healthy subjects. The decreased concentrations of chenodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid and cholic acid were significantly associated with dyslipidemia in ESRD patients. Subgroup analyses revealed that the significantly increased concentrations of taurocholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid, taurohyocholic acid and tauro α-muricholic acid were correlated to the poor prognosis of ESRD patients.

Conclusions

The serum bile acid profile of ESRD patients differed significantly from that of healthy controls. In addition, the altered serum bile acid profile might contribute to the poor prognosis and metabolic complications of ESRD patients.
Exploring Smartphone Users’ Social Information Behavior
Authors: Chiang I Ping , Wu Yi Jou , Yang Jie-Yun
Published: June 2019

AAs the popularity of social network services (SNS) grows, users’ online behavior is increasingly being affected by SNS browsing. Now, mobile device serve as a tool for social connection, provides an increasingly important communication channel in facilitating social connections. SNSs that are adequate for mobile devices have been developed. To clarify web user social information behavior, this study used social network sites to analyze smartphone user online behavior by collecting user clickstream data over a period of 3 months. The influence of SNS browsing on types of external sites visited—namely news, shopping, searches, forums, videos, and blogs—is examined. This study used a site-centric approach, wherein user data was examined by using association rules and the Jaccard Index to explore the relationship between SNS and other online activities. We collaborates with InsightXplorer to recruit smart phone users, collected 580 samples from the consumers who use the smartphone. First, user-centric approach will be conducted for correlation analysis to quantify the association between SNSs and other categories, and then use the results as the standard to conduct fixed effect model by exploring the duration of gender, age and weekdays/weekend at 24hrs. Second, site-centric approach will conduct correspondence analysis and association rules by using users' session to gather all categories in the graph and explore the relationship between the SNSs and the other categories. The result shows that Taiwanese smartphone users use Facebook (both Web and App) as a news-seeking, topic-seeking, video-seeking and word-of-mouth–seeking platform. That means Facebook will become a portal. When people want to find something interesting, the first thing is to open Facebook and searching their timeline. Finally, based on the findings, this study to provide a stepping stone for marketers and researchers to understand web users’ social information behavior.

Keywords: Smartphone, Social information behavior, Web usage mining, Clickstream data, Mobile commerce

To cite this document:

Chiang, I.-P., Lin, C.-Y., & Wu, Y.-J. (2019). Exploring smartphone users’ social information behavior. Contemporary Management Research, 15(1), 53-67. https://doi.org/10.7903/cmr.18461
Comparing Diagnostic Performance of Pronto Dry Rapid Urease® and Culture to Histopathology among Endoscopy Patients at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi-Kenya
Authors: Njoroge Stephen , Mwangi Catherine , Nyerere Kimang’a , Revathi Gunturu , Devani Smita , Rajula Allan , Kamenwa Rose , Onkoba Nyamongo , Odhiambo Fredrick
Published: June 2019

Aim: This study sought to evaluate Pronto dry rapid urease® diagnostic test and compare its performance with culture.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration: From September 2017 to July 2018, across-sectional study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital.

Methodology: Patients attending endoscopy unit at the hospital were randomly sampled to provide gastric biopsy specimen. One specimen was tested for presence or absence of H. pylori using Pronto dry rapid urease® test and another specimen subjected to in vitro culture test which were then compared with histology reference results. Test validity and reliability was determined using Graph Pad Prism v5.01.

Results: Of 274 study specimens, 121(44%) were positive for histology. Ninety-one (33%) of the study specimen were positive for culture compared to 147(54%) for Pronto dry rapid urease®. Pronto dry rapid urease® test had sensitivity of 100% (97.5%-100%) against 73.6% (64.8%-81.3%) for culture. Specificity was 96.1% (91.1%-98.7%) for Pronto dry rapid urease® compared to 35.3% (95% CI 24.1%-47.8%) for culture. Positive predictive value was 96.7% (92.5-98.9%) for Pronto dry rapid urease® compared to 97.8% (92.3%-99.7%) for culture. Negative predictive value was 100% (97%-100%) for Pronto dry rapid urease® against 82.5% (76.2%-87.7%) for culture. There was significant difference between both Pronto dry rapid urease® and culture test performance with histology in all validity measures, P< 0.001. On the other hand, there was no significant difference between Pronto dry rapid urease® and culture in all validity measures due to overlapping confidence intervals.

Conclusion: Pronto dry rapid urease® out-performed culture in sensitivity and NPV. It would be the method of choice in H. pylori detection where histology is untenable and antimicrobial profiling which require culturing the bacterium is needless.
Prevalence of Anaemia among Indian Children of Various Age Groups – A Systematic Review
Authors: Devi H. Sorojini
Published: June 2019

Background: Anaemia is the most common nutritional problem affecting various age group individuals all over the world. Iron deficiency anaemia is a major health problem since it impairs the cognitive development; causes delay growth, affect immune mechanism leading to various infections from infancy to adolescence.

Objective: The objective of the present review study is to assess the prevalence of anaemia among Indian children of various age groups.

Data Source and Eligibility Criteria: A total of 10 published articles on the aspects of prevalence of anaemia, particularly, among the children of various age groups were reviewed systematically, which were collected through google search. Studies considered in the present review paper were published during 2009 to 2016 years and data were selected against predetermined inclusion and exclusion. The age groups of the children were from 0-12 and 13-16 years, which cover infant, pre-school children, school going children and adolescent girls.

Study Appraisal: Published articles on the aspects of anaemia of children and adolescent girls were peer reviewed with full one-line text available. Only the relevant studies were included to make suitable for synthesis and meaningful relationship in the present study.

Synthesis Method: Data collected from various ten (10) published articles were combined together after carefully reviewed and presented them systematically taking consideration to the year of publications, age of the children, sample size, study design and finding of the studies in a summarized tabular form.

Limitation and Key Finding: Limitations regarding the estimation of haemoglobin were found varied and data of the same group of children were not found from the different retrieved published articles. The proportion of severe anaemia among school children and adolescents were not observed in the reviewed studies.  However, the overall prevalence of anaemia could be observed in high percentages from the reported data during the year 2009-2016.

Conclusion: The key finding of this review study was   that during the early age groups of children, boys were more affected than girls, however, at the adolescent stage with the commencement of menstrual cycle, girls were more suffered from anaemia as compared with those of boys. Further, it was also observed that the highest prevalence of anaemia in Faridkot district of Punjab were 91.69% and 93.94% for boys and girls respectively [1].
Impact of daily soft‐tissue image guidance to prostate on pelvic lymph node (PLN) irradiation for prostate patients receiving SBRT
Authors: Tyagi Neelam , Hipp Elizabeth , Cloutier Michelle , Charas Tomer , Fontenla Sandra , Mechalakos James , Hunt Margie , Zelefsky Michael
Published: June 2019

Purpose

To determine the impact of using fiducial match for daily image‐guidance on pelvic lymph node (PLN) coverage for prostate cancer patients receiving stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT).

Methods

Thirty patients underwent SBRT treatment to the prostate and PLN from 2014 to 2016. Each patient received either 800cGy × 5 or 500cGy × 5 to the prostate and 500cGy × 5 to the PLN. A 5 mm clinical target volume (CTV)‐to‐planning target volume (PTV) margin around the PLN was used for planning. Two registrations with planning computed tomography (PCT) for each of the daily cone beam CTs (CBCTs) were performed: a rigid registration to fiducials and to the bony anatomy. The average translational difference between fiducial and bony match as well as percentage of fractions with differences > 5mm were calculated. Changes in bladder and rectal volume as well as center‐of‐mass (COM) position from simulation parameters, and their correlation with translational difference were also evaluated. The dosimetric impact of the translational differences was calculated by shifting the plan isocenter.

Results

The average translational difference between fiducial and bony match was 0.06 ± 0.82, 2.1 ± 4.1, −2.8 ± 4.3, and 5.5 ± 4.2 mm for lateral, vertical, longitudinal, and vector directions. The average change in bladder and rectal volume from simulation was −67.2 ± 163.04 cc (−12 ± 52%) and −1.6 ± 18.75 (−2 ± 30%) cc. The average change in COM of bladder from the simulation position was 0.34 ± 2.49, 4.4 ± 8.1, and −3.9 ± 7.5 mm along the LR, AP, and SI directions. The corresponding COM change for the rectum was 0.17 ± 1.9, 1.34 ± 3.5, and −0.6 ± 5.2 mm.

Conclusions

The 5 mm margin covered ~75% of fractions receiving PLN irradiation with SBRT, daily CBCT and fiducial‐guided setup. The dosimetric impact on PLN coverage was significant in 19% of fractions or 25% of patients. A larger translational shift was due to variation in rectal volume and changes in COM position of the bladder and rectum. A consistent bladder positioning and/or rectum filling compared with presimulation volume were essential for adequate coverage of PLN in a hypofractionated treatment regime.
Neuroinflammation in frontotemporal lobar degeneration revealed by 11C‐PBR28 PET
Authors: Kim Min-Jeong , McGwier Meghan , Jenko Kimberly J. , Snow Joseph , Morse Cheryl , Zoghbi Sami S. , Pike Victor W. , Innis Robert B. , Kreisl William C.
Published: June 2019

This study used 11C‐PBR28 positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to determine whether levels of 18‐kDa translocator protein (TSPO), an inflammation‐specific biomarker, are increased in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) patients. 11C‐PBR28, 18F‐FDG, and 11C‐PIB brain PET scans, as well as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), were conducted in four FTLD patients and 22 healthy controls. 11C‐PBR28 scans revealed that all FTLD patients showed increased TSPO binding versus controls. Significantly greater increases in TSPO were observed in the frontal, lateral temporal, parietal, and occipital cortices, topographically consistent with individual clinical phenotypes and with brain MRI and 18F‐FDG PET. Amyloid burden was not increased.
Stimuli‐Responsive DNA‐Gated Nanoscale Porous Carbon Derived from ZIF‐8
Authors: Cao Xiyue , Xia Jianfei , Meng Xuan , Xu Jiaoyan , Liu Qingyun , Wang Zonghua
Published: June 2019

Stimuli‐responsive nanoscale porous carbon derived from ZIF‐8 (NCZIF) gated by DNA capping units is reported. The NCZIF is first obtained by calcination of nano‐ZIF‐8 crystals under an inert atmosphere. It is further conjugated with amine‐modified single‐stranded DNA after carboxylation (DNA/NCZIF). The guest molecules are sealed in the pore of NCZIF by the formation of a DNA duplex structure on the surface of NCZIF. As proof of principle, two systems that can be, respectively, used for controlled drug delivery and biosensing are introduced. In the first system, the drug model (rhodamine 6G, Rh6G) is locked in the NCZIF by the DNA capping units composed of rich‐G sequences and its complementary DNA strand. The in vitro cellular experiments reveal that DNA/NCZIF has good biocompatibility and can controllably release Rh6G upon the K+‐stimuli in cells. In the second system, the signal probe (methylene blue, MB) is locked in the NCZIF and then released after the unlocking of the pores triggered by the dissociation of the aptamer‐hybrid capping units. The MB‐loaded DNA/NCZIF can linearly respond to target molecules in the range from 1 × 10−9 to 10 × 10−6 m and has good specificity.
Surface Chemical Functionalization to Achieve Extreme Levels of Molecular Confinement in Hybrid Nanocomposites
Authors: Wang Can , Isaacson Scott G. , Wang Yucheng , Lionti Krystelle , Volksen Willi , Magbitang Teddie P. , Chowdhury Mithun , Priestley Rodney D. , Dubois Geraud , Dauskardt Reinhold H.
Published: June 2019

Polymer confinement is realized in hybrid nanocomposites where individual polymer molecules are confined by a nanoporous matrix to dimensions less than the molecular size of the polymer. Here it is shown that by functionalizing the interior pore surfaces of a nanoporous organosilicate matrix, the pores can be filled with polystyrene molecules to achieve extreme levels of molecular confinement not previously possible. This provides opportunities for unique thermal and mechanical properties. It is shown that pore surface functionalization markedly impacts the polymer mobility during polymer infiltration by affecting the polymer–pore surface interaction, addressing the challenge of filling high‐molecular‐weight polymer molecules into nanoscale‐confined spaces. This allows for achieving extreme levels of molecular confinement with the loss of interchain entanglement and extensive polymer elongation along the pore axis. The glass transition temperature of the polymer is suppressed compared to bulk polymer melt, and is significantly affected by the polymer–surface interaction, which changes the polymer segmental mobility. The polymer–surface interaction also affects the interfacial polymer–pore sliding shear stress during polymer pullout from the nanopores, markedly affecting the fracture resistance of the nanocomposite.