bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Andexanet Alfa, the Possible Alternative to Protamine for Reversal of Unfractionated Heparin
Authors: Maneno John N. , Ness Genevieve Lynn
Published: July 2020

The recent shortage of protamine prompted an investigation of alternatives for reversal of unfractionated heparin. Heparin is an anticoagulant utilized in the hospital setting. Available options for anticoagulation include direct oral anticoagulants, vitamin K antagonists, thrombin inhibitors, low-molecular-weight heparins, and heparin. Protamine is the approved reversal agent for heparin with few alternatives under investigation. Although andexanet was designed as an antidote for apixaban and rivaroxaban, in vitro studies show that in a dose-dependent technique, andexanet had near full reversal of heparin, reversed anti–factor Xa activity, and neutralized anticoagulant effects of activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time induced by heparin.
Collision Lesions of Calcifying Pseudoneoplasm of the Neuraxis and Rheumatoid Nodules: A Case Report With New Pathogenic Insights
Authors: Lu Jian-Qiang , Popovic Snezana , Provias John , Cenic Aleksa
Published: July 2020

Calcifying pseudoneoplasm of the neuraxis (CAPNON) is a rare tumor-like lesion with unclear pathogenesis. Collision lesions of CAPNONs with neoplasms are occasionally reported. In this article, we report the first case of collision lesions between CAPNON and rheumatoid nodules (RNs) in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. The patient was a 51-year-old female who presented with lower back pain and subsequently a lower back mass over 2 years. Spinal magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a heterogeneous, partially calcified mass centered in the L3-4 paravertebral regions. A biopsy of the mass was diagnostic of CAPNON. As the mass grew over the following 5 months, it was resected en bloc. Its pathological examination revealed collision lesions of RNs at different histopathological stages and CAPNON lesions, and transitional lesions exhibiting combined RN and CAPNON features, with immune cell infiltrates. Our findings provide new evidence for an immune-mediated reactive process and insights into the pathogenies of CAPNON.
Flexural wave propagation and vibration isolation characteristics of sandwich plate-type elastic metamaterials
Authors: Li Yinggang , Zi Huan , Wu Xiong , Zhu Ling
Published: July 2020

Sandwich structures are widely used in the fields of aerospace, automobile as well as ship and offshore structures because of their excellent mechanical performances such as lightweight, high specific strength and high specific stiffness. In this study, the flexural wave band gaps and vibration isolation characteristics of sandwich plate-type elastic metamaterials are numerically and experimentally investigated. The proposed sandwich plate-type elastic metamaterials are constituted of local resonant stubs periodically deposited on a sandwich plate with periodic thin-wall aluminium tube cores. An efficient finite element method combined with a solid-shell coupling method and Bloch periodic boundary conditions is presented and validated by experimental measurements to calculate the dispersion relations and the acceleration frequency responses of sandwich plate-type elastic metamaterials. The influences of geometric parameters on the flexural wave band gaps are performed and discussed. Results show that the proposed sandwich plate-type elastic metamaterials can yield flexural wave band gaps in the low-frequency range and show significant performance on the flexural vibration isolation. Moreover, the flexural wave band gaps can be effectively modulated by the geometric parameters.
Survivor-Centered Practice and Survivor Empowerment: Evidence From A Research–Practitioner Partnership
Authors: Cattaneo Lauren B. , Stylianou Amanda M. , Hargrove Stephanie , Goodman Lisa A. , Gebhard Kris T. , Curby Timothy W.
Published: July 2020

In the domestic violence field, a survivor-centered approach to services is a shared ideal, but there is little empirical work demonstrating its importance. This study filled that gap, focusing on a key outcome—safety-related empowerment. We gathered data from 177 intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors seeking community-based services, and after one session with an advocate, results revealed a significant change in two of three subscales of the Measure of Victim Empowerment Related to Safety (MOVERS) measure: Internal Tools and Expectations of Support. There was no change in Trade-Offs (pursuing safety causing new problems). More survivor-defined practice predicted greater changes in empowerment, over and above severity of violence, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and demographics.
The Neumann problem in plane deformations of a micropolar elastic solid with micropolar surface effects
Authors: Gharahi Alireza , Schiavone Peter
Published: July 2020

We consider the Neumann problem in a theory of plane micropolar elasticity incorporating micropolar surface effects. The incorporation of surface elasticity utilizes the Eremeyev–Lebedev–Altenbach shell model, leading to a set of second-order boundary conditions describing the separate micropolar elasticity of the surface. The Neumann problem is of particular interest, since the question of solvability is complicated by the fact that the corresponding systems of homogeneous singular integral equations admit nontrivial solutions that affect the solvability of both the interior and exterior Neumann boundary value problems. We overcome this difficulty by constructing integral representations of the solutions based on specifically constructed auxiliary matrix functions leading to uniqueness and existence theorems in appropriate classes of smooth matrix functions.
An optimization of composite sandwich structure with passive vibration absorber for vibration suppression
Authors: Kim Yongha , Park Jungsun
Published: July 2020

This article proposes the use of a support as a passive vibration absorber to a composite sandwich structure for vibration suppression of satellite structures. Based on continuous mass distributions, an approximate formulation is presented for conducting vibration (modal, frequency response) analyses of the composite sandwich structure with the support. This formulation is derived by the Ritz method; verified for accuracy and computational efficiency by comparing finite element analyses. Finally, we perform optimization of the composite sandwich structure with passive vibration absorber by the present method. This optimization is conducted to applying satellite structures for maximizing vibration suppression performance in limited mass. The optimization result allows a database to be obtained on the vibration characteristics of composite sandwich structures with passive vibration absorber for applying aerospace applications. Consequently, it is concluded that the approximate formulation is well suited to vibration analyses of composite sandwich structures with passive vibration absorber due to their relative simplicity and computational efficiency.
The Impact of Childhood Growth Stunting and Post-Migration Dysbiosis on the Development of Metabolic Syndrome Among Indigenous Immigrant Mexican Women
Authors: D’Alonzo Karen T. , Garsman Lisa
Published: July 2020

While weight gain is common following migration to a new country and Mexican Americans have a disparate prevalence of overweight and obesity. In particular, Mexican American women have one of the world’s highest rates of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), characterized by abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, all of which increase the risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although the etiology of this dilemma is not well understood, using the framework of allostatic load (AL), we posit that exposure to multiple physiologic, psychosocial and environmental stressors over the course of the lifespan may contribute to an increased risk of MetS among indigenous Mexican immigrant women. Two such frequently overlooked stressors are: 1) a history of childhood growth stunting (CGS) and 2) dietary changes post migration that result in decreased diversity of the gut microbiome (dysbiosis). To date, little is known about how migration experiences differentially affect the relationship between CGS and MetS in adulthood. The purpose of this theoretical article is to present a proposed model of how early life stressors (ELS), specifically CGS, may interact with insalubrious aspects of the immigration experience to promote an increased risk for MetS among indigenous Mexican immigrant women. This model may be used in a bi-national effort to guide intervention efforts to decrease CGS in Mexico and to prevent, monitor or delay the components of MetS post migration in the US.
Concomitant placement of dialysis and infusion catheters in the right internal jugular vein in the intensive care setting: Is it safe?
Authors: Spitzer Blake , Kirkland Kevin , Reyes Jared , Helmer Stephen D , Ammar Chad , Subbarao Chivukula
Published: July 2020

Purpose:

This study examined the safety and efficacy of placing both a central venous dialysis catheter and a central venous catheter for infusion in the right internal jugular vein compared to only a central venous dialysis catheter.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective chart review for all adult patients who underwent the placement of the right internal jugular dialysis catheter by a single surgeon. Patients were grouped based on whether they received a tunneled dual lumen dialysis catheter alone or in combination with a central venous infusion catheter in the right internal jugular vein. Catheter-related thrombosis, line infections, line malfunctions, pneumothorax, and need for line replacement were evaluated.

Results:

There were 97 patients in the dialysis catheter and central venous infusion line group and 63 patients in the dialysis catheter only group. The two groups were not different with regard to age (62.1 ± 16.3 years vs 57.9 ± 17.6 years) and gender (47.4% male vs 55.6% male). No significant differences were found in the incidence of thrombosis (1.0 % vs 0.0%, p > 0.999), line infection (2.1% vs 0.0%, p = 0.519), or line malfunctions (2.1% vs 0.0%, p = 0.516) in patients who did or did not have a central venous infusion catheter placed concomitantly with the dialysis catheter, respectively. No patients in either group had a pneumothorax.

Conclusions:

Although not currently utilized with frequency, these preliminary data indicate that placing both a dual lumen dialysis catheter and central venous infusion catheter in the right internal jugular simultaneously could be a viable option.
Onset of progressive motor impairment in patients with critical central nervous system demyelinating lesions
Authors: Kassa Roman M , Sechi Elia , Flanagan Eoin P , Kaufmann Timothy J , Kantarci Orhun H , Weinshenker Brian G , Mandrekar Jay , Schmalstieg William F , Paz Soldan M Mateo , Keegan B Mark
Published: July 2020

Objective:

To compare progressive motor impairment onset attributable to a “critical” central nervous system (CNS) demyelinating lesion in patients with highly restricted versus unlimited magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesion burden.

Methods:

We identified 135 patients with progressive motor impairment for ⩾1 year attributable to a “critical” demyelinating lesion with: MRI burden of 1 lesion (“progressive solitary sclerosis”), 2–5 lesions (“progressive paucisclerosis”), or unrestricted (>5) lesions and “progressive unilateral hemiparesis.” Neuroradiology review of brain and spinal cord MRI documented unequivocally demyelinating lesions.

Results:

A total of 33 (24.4%) patients had progressive solitary sclerosis; 56 (41.5%) patients had progressive paucisclerosis; and 46 (34.1%) patients had progressive unilateral hemiparesis. Median age at onset of progressive motor impairment was younger in progressive solitary sclerosis (49 years; range 24–73) and progressive paucisclerosis (50 years; range 30–64) than in progressive unilateral hemiparesis (54 years; range 39–77; p = 0.02 and p = 0.003, respectively). Within progressive unilateral hemiparesis, motor-progression onset was similar between those with 4–10, 11–20, or >20 brain lesions (55, 54, 53 years of age, respectively; p = 0.44).

Conclusion:

Motor-progression age is similar, but paradoxically earlier, in cohorts with highly restricted CNS lesion burden than in those with unrestricted lesion burden with progressive unilateral hemiparetic MS. The “critical” demyelinating lesion rather than total brain MRI lesion burden is the major contributor to motor-progression onset in these cohorts.
Effects of language dominance on home reading practices of bilingual families
Authors: Gonzalez-Barrero Ana Maria , Salama-Siroishka Nicholas , Dubé Daphnée , Brouillard Melanie , Byers-Heinlein Krista
Published: July 2020

Aims and objectives:

Many children grow up in bilingual families; however, little is known about how these families use their two languages in their home reading practices. The goal of this study was to examine the effect of language proficiency on the shared storybook reading practices of bilingual families.

Methodology:

We gathered questionnaire data about home reading activities in French–English bilingual families with 5-year-old children ( n = 66) who had different proficiency levels in each language.

Data and analyses:

We compared home reading environment, parent reading practices, and child learning and interest in books across the families’ dominant and non-dominant languages using a series of 2-way mixed analyses of variance.

Findings:

Families gave more emphasis to reading practices in the family’s dominant language: they owned more books, read more often, spent more time, and started reading to the child at an earlier age in the dominant than in the non-dominant language. Dominance also affected parent reading behaviors: parents reported more often translating words and switching from their non-dominant to their dominant language. Parents reported that children enjoyed being read to and readily learned new words in both languages, but ratings were higher for the dominant language. Effects of dominance were strongest in families with less balanced language dominance.

Originality:

This study compares bilingual families’ home reading practices in both of their languages, providing a clearer picture of how families navigate early dual-language literacy in a bilingual community where both languages are spoken in everyday life and have similar sociolinguistic status.

Significance:

Results suggest that even in bilingual communities, family home reading practices may exacerbate uneven development across children’s two languages. These findings highlight the importance of identifying strategies to support enriched home reading practices in bilingual families’ non-dominant language.
Public service broadcasting and the emergence of LGBT+ visibility: A comparative perspective on Ireland and Flanders
Authors: Kerrigan Páraic , Vanlee Florian
Published: July 2020

Public Service Broadcasting in Europe and its centrality to cultural diversity has been established in relation to race, multiculturalism and gender, but LGBT+ sexual identity remains relatively absent from research. This article aims to address this gap by fostering a historical approach to examine the ways in which LGBT+ identities emerged on Public Service Broadcasting within Western Europe, specifically in Ireland and Flanders during the 1950s–1990s. Through a small-scale comparative case study analysis between these two regions, this article contends that the emergence of LGBT+ visibility is intrinsically linked to Public Service Broadcasting in both landscapes. Specifically, the article argues that this emergence shares two distinct structural qualities in the emergence of this LGBT+ visibility. First, the comparison points to the ways in which Public Service Broadcasting production cultures incorporated external expertise regarding LGBT+ diversity, presenting itself as a practical operationalisation of the social responsibility of publicly funded media in both regions. Second, later parallels in the introduction of LGBT+ characters to television fiction series illustrate how Public Service Broadcasting responded to various forms of competition from international and commercial broadcasters, engendering particular implications for the visibility of same-sex desire. While contributing to historical treatments of LGBT+ visibility familiar within Queer Media Studies, this article goes against the Anglo-American dominance of the field by examining more local contexts outside the US/UK centric paradigm, diversifying the contexts in which Queer Media Studies research takes place.
Crack identification method for concrete structures considering angle of view using RGB-D camera-based sensor fusion
Authors: Kim Hyunjun , Lee Sahyeon , Ahn Eunjong , Shin Myoungsu , Sim Sung-Han
Published: July 2020

Cracks on concrete structures are an important indicator for assessing concrete durability and structural safety. Although such cracks are typically monitored by manual visual inspection, this method has drawbacks in terms of inspection time, safety, cost-effectiveness, and measurement accuracy. An innovative alternative is digital image processing, which can be used to obtain crack information from images captured using a digital camera. However, in image-based crack detection, the crack width may vary depending on the angle of the camera with respect to the concrete surface. A skewed angle of view is often encountered, particularly when capturing images from unmanned aerial vehicles or from higher locations. This study proposes a crack identification strategy using a combination of RGB-D and high-resolution digital cameras to accurately measure cracks regardless of the angle of view. The camera system is equipped with a tailored sensor fusion algorithm for crack identification, enabling a high measurement resolution and a robust depth estimation considering the skewed angle problem. An approximate plane corresponding to the concrete surface is introduced to effectively handle the high noise in the depth measurement data of the RGB-D camera. Subsequently, the crack image captured using the high-resolution digital camera is mapped onto the obtained plane model, allowing the crack width to be determined using the three-dimensional coordinates of each crack pixel. The measurement accuracy of the proposed approach is experimentally validated on an actual concrete structure.
Six-Month Outcomes From the First-in-Human, Single-Arm SELUTION Sustained-Limus-Release Drug-Eluting Balloon Trial in Femoropopliteal Lesions
Authors: Zeller Thomas , Brechtel Klaus , Meyer Dirk-Roelfs , Noory Elias , Beschorner Ulrich , Albrecht Thomas
Published: July 2020

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the novel SELUTION sustained-limus-release (SLR) drug-eluting balloon (DEB) in the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions. Materials and Methods: Between October 2016 and May 2017, 50 subjects (mean age 69.6±10.4 years; 29 men) with symptomatic moderate to severe lower limb ischemia (Rutherford categories 2 or 3) were enrolled at 4 German centers for the SELUTION SLR first-in-human trial ( ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02941224). The SELUTION SLR utilizes micro-reservoirs (biodegradable polymer spheres containing sirolimus) embedded within an amphipathic membrane coated onto an angioplasty balloon. The biodegradable reservoirs are transferred to the target vessel lumen during brief balloon inflation. The primary trial objective was comparison of angiographic late lumen loss at 6 months against an objective performance criterion (OPC) value of 1.04 mm for uncoated balloon angioplasty. Secondary endpoints included device, procedural, and clinical success; clinical and imaging assessments of primary patency and restenosis; functional assessments including Rutherford category and ankle-brachial index (ABI); and major adverse events [composite of cardiovascular mortality, index limb amputation, target limb thrombosis, and clinically-driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR)]. Results: At 6 months, median angiographic late lumen loss following SELUTION SLR treatment was 0.19 mm (range −1.16 to 3.07). Mean angiographic late lumen loss (n=34) was 0.29±0.84 mm (95% CI −0.01 to 0.58), significantly lower than the 1.04-mm OPC value (p<0.001). The rate of primary patency by duplex ultrasound was 88.4%, and freedom from angiographic binary restenosis was 91.2%. Through 6 months, there was significant improvement over baseline in Rutherford categories (p<0.001) and in ABI measurements (p<0.001). A single case (2%) of CD-TLR occurred at 5 months. There were no other major adverse events. Conclusion: Through 6 months, the SELUTION SLR DEB appears to inhibit restenosis effectively and safely, improving outcomes in subjects with symptomatic femoropopliteal disease.
An integrated approach to develop performance index of bed linen fabric
Authors: Ahirwar Meenakshi , Khatkar Vikas , Behera BK
Published: July 2020

The quality of woven bed sheets is often conveyed by the thread count i.e. the number of threads per square inch of the fabric. However, bed linens need to encompass three essential characteristics such as high breathability, moisture absorbency and soft feel to ensure quality sleep. Sleep quality is significantly influenced by thermal regulation characteristics such as thermal conductivity, air permeability and moisture vapor permeability of the sheeting cloth. Hand of sheeting material is also considered as one of the most important attributes of a high quality bed linen as it comes in direct contact with human body for a substantial duration. In this research, an effort has been made to develop an objective method to measure the performance behavior of the bed linen fabric. Performance index is a calculation of how well a material works to meet its defined goals. The subjective assessment of bed linen performance indicators was conducted by expert opinion to decide the properties affecting the bed linen performance index (BLPI) along with their weightage. Discriminant analysis and coefficient of concordance was determined to find the agreement among the judges. The eight shortlisted properties were determined objectively and the results were normalized to shrink the data in the scale 1 to 5. The weightage and normalized data was used to determine the BLPI by using the developed equation. A high correlation of 0.84 was found between the subjective and objective BLPI. This study concludes that the BLPI could be estimated well using the developed equation.
A Synchronous Ipsilateral True Superficial Femoral Artery and Profunda Femoris Artery Aneurysm With Rupture: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Arıkan Ali Ahmet , Bayraktar Fatih Avni , Selçuk Emre
Published: July 2020

Atherosclerotic true aneurysms of the superficial femoral artery (SFA) and profunda femoris artery (PFA) are rare and difficult to detect. The synchronous presence of SFA and PFA aneurysms is even rarer. Herein, we present a case with ipsilateral true SFA and PFA aneurysms diagnosed with rupture. A review of the international literature is made, and the diagnosis and treatment options of this rare condition are discussed. A 75-year-old male was admitted to our hospital with an aneurysm on the distal SFA and the ipsilateral PFA, as well as a hematoma around the PFA. It was difficult to determine the source of the rupture before surgery, even with proper imaging. Successful ligation of the PFA and an aneurysmectomy followed by a bypass grafting for the SFA were performed. An intraoperative examination revealed that the SFA aneurysm had ruptured. In elderly males with a history of ectasia or aneurysm on the aorta or peripheral arteries, a synchronous aneurysm on the SFA or the PFA should be suspected.
Compartment Syndrome of the Hand Induced by Peripherally Extravasated Phenylephrine
Authors: Fisher Alec H. , Jarrett Nicole J.
Published: July 2020

Background: Compartment syndrome of the hand is a rare and devastating complication of peripheral intravenous extravasation. With changes in critical care research, vasoactive medications are now more frequently administered through peripheral lines in the acute setting. Methods: We present the case of a patient diagnosed with compartment syndrome of the hand secondary to phenylephrine extravasation in the setting of hypovolemic shock. Results: The use of fasciotomy compartment release and intraoperative phentolamine resulted in significant improvement in tissue perfusion postoperatively. Conclusion: With incraesed incidence of peripherally administered vasoactive medications, the hand surgeon should be aware of potential complications and treatment of compartment syndrome with urgent fasciotomy and phentolamine administration.
Morphological Analysis of Metacarpal Shafts With Respect to Retrograde Intramedullary Headless Screw Fixation
Authors: Dunleavy Mark L. , Candela Xavier , Darowish Michael
Published: July 2020

Background: The use of retrograde intramedullary headless compression screw fixation for metacarpal neck and shaft fractures has been described in the literature. The purpose of this study was to perform a computed tomography (CT)-based morphological analysis of metacarpal size to help surgeons anticipate expected hardware needs. Methods: In all, 108 consecutive hand CT scans were evaluated for the medullary diameter in the volar-dorsal and radial-ulnar planes at the narrowest point of the canal, as well as for the distance from the articular surface to this point. Results were then analyzed by finger and by sex. Results: The ring finger had the smallest average medullary canal diameter for both men and women (2.7 and 2.6 mm, respectively); the small finger had the largest average diameter (3.9 mm) for men and the middle finger (3.6 mm) for women. Radial-ulnar was the rate-limiting dimension in the index, middle, and ring fingers, whereas volar-dorsal was the smallest dimension in the small finger, regardless of sex. Medullary diameter tended to be larger in patients aged more than 50 years. More than 50% of fingers have diameters >3.0 mm, and at least 40% of index, middle, and small fingers have diameters >3.5 mm, which are common diameters of commercially available headless compression screws. Conclusions: When preparing to perform open reduction internal fixation of a metacarpal using retrograde intramedullary headless compression screws, the surgeon needs to be prepared with screws of larger diameters to optimize fixation. Screws of larger diameters are needed to achieve endosteal purchase, regardless of sex.
Does Green Tea Induce Hormesis?
Authors: Calabrese Edward J. , Tsatsakis Aristidis , Agathokleous Evgenios , Giordano James , Calabrese Vittorio
Published: July 2020

Green tea, and its principal constituent (–)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), are commonly shown to induce biphasic concentration/dose responses in a broad range of cell types, including non-tumor cells, and tumor cell lines. The most active area of research dealt with an assessment of neural cells with application to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease cell models, often using preconditioning experimental protocols. The general findings demonstrate EGCG-induced hormetic effects resulting in an enhanced acquired resilience within an adaptive and temporally dependent homeodynamic framework. The biphasic dose responses displayed the typical quantitative features of the hormetic dose response with respect to the amplitude and width of the stimulatory response. These findings provide further evidence for the general occurrence of hormetic dose responses with such responses being independent of the biological model, end point, inducing agent, and mechanism. The biphasic nature of these responses has important implications since it suggests optimal dose ranges for end points of public health and therapeutic applications. These findings indicate the need to assess the entire dose-response continuum in order to better define the nature of the dose response, especially in the low-dose zone where such exposures are common in human populations.
Non-adjustment for multiple testing in multi-arm trials of distinct treatments: Rationale and justification
Authors: Parker Richard A , Weir Christopher J
Published: July 2020

There is currently a lack of consensus and uncertainty about whether one should adjust for multiple testing in multi-arm trials of distinct treatments. A detailed rationale is presented to justify non-adjustment in this situation. We argue that non-adjustment should be the default starting position in simple multi-arm trials of distinct treatments.
I See Red: Truth-Telling about Colonial Courthouses and Indigenous Dispossession Through Art
Authors: Wardle Ben , Harrop Lee
Published: July 2020

This paper examines how art can be used in the process of truth telling about the role colonial courthouses played in the violent dispossession, exploitation and oppression of Indigenous peoples. The paper focuses on the Old Court House in Perth, Australia, as this was the site of a commission winning public art work selected by the City of Perth that was decommissioned after permission to install the work was denied by the sitting judges of the Supreme Court of Western Australia. It is argued that art can be a means to draw attention to the methods used by the colonial legal system to usurp Indigenous sovereignty, that art on courthouses can be used to signify ongoing resistance to colonisation, and that this should be embraced by the legal community rather than be censored by the judiciary.
Making and learning together: Where the makerspace mindset meets platforms for creativity
Authors: Culpepper Mary Kay , Gauntlett David
Published: July 2020

While makerspaces are rightly recognized as places for getting people of all ages together to experiment with materials, technologies, processes, and narratives, they are inevitably limited by physical resources of time, space, and money. The appealingly inclusive concept of a “makerspace mindset”—that is, a worldview that admits the possibility of gathering and collaborating a creative fellowship without borders—can facilitate the goal of a global learning community. To meet that goal, however, new thinking must identify how to equitably direct efforts toward a more expansive and sustainable culture for creating. Articulating how and why the vast array of events, environments, tools, or toys that encourage people to create can promote making and connecting is the first step. This article elaborates on our existing work regarding platforms for creativity to consider those principles the makerspace mindset must manifest to encourage learning for a lifetime. We argue that imagining the makerspace mindset as a key plank in platforms for creativity can inspire the development of more and better ways for us to learn about ourselves and others by making and sharing. Framing the makerspace mindset with platforms for creativity illuminates the potential for making and learning to grow creative, curious individuals who together will form an engaged society of learners at large.
Populist political ideation and communication of gubernatorial candidates in Indonesia’s 2018 gubernatorial elections: Anti-establishment views, secular nationalism and Islamism as ideational-populist elements
Authors: Ahmad Nyarwi
Published: July 2020

Populism has been evolving across the globe. Knowledge of the ways and degree to which political actors in Asian democracy exploited anti-establishment views, secular nationalism and Islamism as ideational elements when they established populist political communication strategies for local elections has, however, been under-developed. Focusing on such issues, this work selects gubernatorial candidates who ran in Indonesia’s 2018 gubernatorial elections as cases, using extracts from materials they posted on their Facebook pages. The findings are as follows. Candidates did not merely advocate anti-establishment views, but also adopted secular nationalism and Islamism as ideational-populist elements for developing populist political communication strategies. Those who exploited anti-economic elites favoured establishing secular nationalist and Islamic-based populist political communication strategies inclusively. Those who propagated anti-economic, anti-political and anti-bureaucratic elites instead greatly preferred advancing an Islamic populist political communication strategy. However, through employing such efforts, only few succeeded in these elections.
Do Suicidal Behaviors Increase the Capability for Suicide? A Longitudinal Pretest–Posttest Study of More Than 1,000 High-Risk Individuals
Authors: Ribeiro Jessica D. , Harris Lauren M. , Linthicum Kathryn P. , Bryen Chloe P.
Published: July 2020

Despite the prominence of the capability-for-suicide construct in suicide research, fundamental hypotheses about its nature and development remain largely untested. In this study, we tested the primary mechanism proposed to account for its development: habituation to painful or provocative events. More than a thousand adults were recruited worldwide from online suicide, self-injury, and mental health web forums and subsequently followed for 28 days. Analyses examined the experiences purported to have the strongest effects: suicidal and nonsuicidal-self-injurious behaviors. Capability was measured explicitly and implicitly. Multiple mediation was used to test whether changes in capability between baseline and 28-day follow-up were accounted for by exposure to self-injurious behaviors that occurred over the intervening time interval. Results failed to support the habituation hypothesis, at least as studied within the methodological constraints of this study. Post hoc power analyses indicated ample power to detect small effects. Results raise questions about the validity of the habituation hypothesis.
Capillary Leak Syndrome From Rituximab Therapy of Lymphoma
Authors: Vedala Krishna , Desikan Sai Prasad , McClain Charles , Jacob Diana , Desikan Raman
Published: July 2020

Capillary leak syndrome (CLS) is characterized by plasma extravasation into the interstitium with resultant hypotension, anasarca, hemoconcentration, and hypoalbuminemia in the absence of albuminuria. Initially reported in Clarkson’s disease (systemic capillary leak syndrome), CLS has been observed in multiple disease settings, the most common being sepsis. In oncology, CLS has been reported more often as a complication from therapy, and less often from malignancy. In this case study, we documented clinical manifestation, laboratory features, and radiological findings of CLS from rituximab therapy when employed in combination with a multi-agent chemotherapy regimen (EPOCH-R). Differentiating drug-induced CLS from sepsis, which presents with the same clinical features, is important in avoiding further exposure to rituximab, which could be fatal to the patient.
Internationalization in Canadian Higher Education Institutions: Ontario
Authors: Taskoh Ali Khorsandi
Published: July 2020

Education is a tool for collaboration among nations. The emergence of concepts as internationalization of educational policies, students-staff exchange programs, internationalization of curriculum, internationalization at home (IAH) or even the emergence of multinational agencies to expedite global exchanges in the realm of Higher Education lead educational policy-makers to confess that segregation of the educational policies from nations’ foreign affairs policies have no promising results than failure of the nations’ educational goals and priorities. Based on the qualitative and case study research methodologies, we adopted critical policy analysis (CPA) to address the question of “why does a Canadian public university engage in internationalization?”. The study showed that the decision to acknowledge internationalization as a priority at a public university in Ontario is based upon different motives ranging from commercial-economic and socio-political to academic-educational and profile-building components. The study also identified the gradual extension of market-based rationales that have historically been absent from traditional university policies in the Canadian context to educational initiatives and academic rationales.
From right to good, and to asset: The state-led financialisation of the social rented housing in Italy
Authors: Belotti Emanuele , Arbaci Sonia
Published: July 2020

Rental housing has been regarded as the new ‘frontier for financialisation’ since the 2007 financial crisis. But research examining financialisation of de-commodified rental housing is limited and is primarily focused on stock acquisitions by financial investors and the enabling role of either national or local governments. This critically overlooks the emergence of the financialised production of social rented housing, the interplay between levels of government (particularly with the regional level), and the leading role of the state in these processes. By combining a political sociology approach to policy instruments with a housing system studies perspective, the paper investigates how Italy, through the interplay between national, regional (Lombardy) and local (Milan) governments, led the financialisation of its social rented housing production. Through analyses of six decades of financial-legislative changes in the housing system regarding production/provision, finance and land supply, it identifies a three-stage journey towards financialisation: (1) the rise and fall of publicly-owned rental social housing (1950s to 1990s); (2) the regionalisation and marketisation of the sector up to the late 2000s; and (3) the upward transfer from the first local-scale experiment with the real estate mutual investment fund in Milan to the creation of a national-scale System of Funds for the production of social rented housing. The study shows that the re-commodification of housing and land initiated in the 1980s were intertwined and a conditio-sine-qua-non for financialisation; that the state played a crafting—rather than solely enabling—role in this process; and that trans-scalar legislative–financial innovations transformed social rented housing into a liquid asset class.
Artificial increasing returns to scale and the problem of sampling from lognormals
Authors: Gómez-Liévano Andrés , Vysotsky Vladislav , Lobo José
Published: July 2020

We show how increasing returns to scale in urban scaling can artificially emerge, systematically and predictably, without any sorting or positive externalities. We employ a model where individual productivities are independent and identically distributed lognormal random variables across all cities. We use extreme value theory to demonstrate analytically the paradoxical emergence of increasing returns to scale when the variance of log-productivity is larger than twice the log-size of the population size of the smallest city in a cross-sectional regression. Our contributions are to derive an analytical prediction for the artificial scaling exponent arising from this mechanism and to develop a simple statistical test to try to tell whether a given estimate is real or an artifact. Our analytical results are validated analyzing simulations and real microdata of wages across municipalities in Colombia. We show how an artificial scaling exponent emerges in the Colombian data when the sizes of random samples of workers per municipality are 1% or less of their total size.
All-cause mortality in patients with long-term opioid therapy compared with non-opioid analgesics for chronic non-cancer pain: a database study
Authors: Häuser Winfried , Schubert Tino , Vogelmann Tobias , Maier Christoph , Fitzcharles Mary-Ann , Tölle Thomas
Published: July 2020

Background

Hitherto only studies with selected populations have found an increased all-cause mortality of some selected opioids compared to selected non-opioids for chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP). We have examined the all-cause mortality for CNCP associated with all established opioids compared to non-opioid analgesic therapy (anticonvulsants, antidepressants, dipyrone, non-steroidal agents).

Methods

The study used the InGef (Institute for Applied Health Research Berlin) database which is an anonymized healthcare claims database including 4,711,668 insured persons who were covered by 61 German statutory health insurances between 2013 and 2017.The health insurance companies are the owners of the database. All-cause mortality was determined from death certificates. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) including age, gender, comorbidity index, and propensity score as covariates and risk differences (RD) in incidence of death between patients with long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) and control-drug therapy were calculated.

Results

The mean age of participants was 66 years; 55% were women. There were 554 deaths during 10,435 person-years for the LTOT patients, whereas there were 340 deaths during 11,342 person-years in the control group. The HR for all-cause mortality was 1.59 (95% CI, 1.38–1.82) with a risk difference of 148 excess deaths (95% CI 99–198) per 10,000 person-years. The elevated risk of death for LTOT was confined to the out-of-hospital deaths: LTOT patients had 288 out-of-hospital deaths during 10,435 person-years (276 per 10,000 person-years) whereas there were 110 deaths during 11,342 person-years (97 per 10,000 person-years) in the control group. HR was 2.29 (95% CI 1.86, 2.83). Although our propensity score matching model indicated a good classification, residual confounding cannot be fully excluded. The opioid group had a higher prevalence of heart failure and a higher use of anti-thrombotic and antiplatelet agents and of psycholeptics.

Conclusions

LTOT for CNCP compared to non-opioid analgesics was associated with an increased risk for all-cause mortality. When considering treatment options for patients with CNCP, the relevant risk of increased all-cause mortality with opioids should be discussed.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03778450, Registered on 7 December 2018
ASXL3 bridges BRD4 to BAP1 complex and governs enhancer activity in small cell lung cancer
Authors: Szczepanski Aileen Patricia , Zhao Zibo , Sosnowski Tori , Goo Young Ah , Bartom Elizabeth Thomas , Wang Lu
Published: July 2020

Background

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a more aggressive subtype of lung cancer that often results in rapid tumor growth, early metastasis, and acquired therapeutic resistance. Consequently, such phenotypical characteristics of SCLC set limitations on viable procedural options, making it difficult to develop both screenings and effective treatments. In this study, we examine a novel mechanistic insight in SCLC cells that could potentially provide a more sensitive therapeutic alternative for SCLC patients.

Methods

Biochemistry studies, including size exclusion chromatography, mass spectrometry, and western blot analysis, were conducted to determine the protein-protein interaction between additional sex combs-like protein 3 (ASXL3) and bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4). Genomic studies, including chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq), RNA sequencing, and genome-wide analysis, were performed in both human and mouse SCLC cells to determine the dynamic relationship between BRD4/ASXL3/BAP1 epigenetic axis in chromatin binding and its effects on transcriptional activity.

Results

We report a critical link between BAP1 complex and BRD4, which is bridged by the physical interaction between ASXL3 and BRD4 in an SCLC subtype (SCLC-A), which expresses a high level ofASCL1. We further showed that ASXL3 functions as an adaptor protein, which directly interacts with BRD4’s extra-terminal (ET) domain via a novel BRD4 binding motif (BBM), and maintains chromatin occupancy of BRD4 to active enhancers. Genetic depletion of ASXL3 results in a genome-wide reduction of histone H3K27Ac levels and BRD4-dependent gene expression in SCLC. Pharmacologically induced inhibition with BET-specific chemical degrader (dBET6) selectively inhibits cell proliferation of a subtype of SCLC that is characterized with high expression of ASXL3.

Conclusions

Collectively, this study provides a mechanistic insight into the oncogenic function of BRD4/ASXL3/BAP1 epigenetic axis at active chromatin enhancers in SCLC-A subtype, as well as a potential new therapeutic option that could become more effective in treating SCLC patients with a biomarker of ASXL3-highly expressed SCLC cells.
The lack of keratinized mucosa is associated with poor peri-implant tissue health: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kungsadalpipob Kajorn , Supanimitkul Kakanang , Manopattanasoontorn Sukuma , Sophon Navawan , Tangsathian Teerawut , Arunyanak Sirikarn P.
Published: July 2020

Objectives

The aim of this cross-sectional study is to determine the association between the absence of keratinized mucosa and peri-implant tissue health.

Methods and materials

This cross-sectional study comprised 412 implants from 200 patients from faculty-based clinics. Demographic, medical, and clinical information were collected. The modified sulcus bleeding index, modified plaque index, mucosal recession, probing depth, bone level, the width of keratinized mucosa, and implant status were evaluated by three calibrated examiners. Each implant was categorized into either of two peri-implant mucosa groups: keratinized mucosa (KM) or non-keratinized mucosa (NKM). The chi-square test was performed to the association between the keratinized mucosa groups and peri-implant clinical parameters and peri-implant status. Multiple logistic regression models were analyzed to test potential associations between peri-implant clinical parameters and the presence or absence of keratinized mucosa.

Results

Thirty-two implants (7.8%) were categorized into the NKM group. The prevalence of peri-implantitis was 12.5% and 8.3% at the subject level and implant level, respectively. The NKM group was associated with more plaque accumulation, mucosal recession, interproximal bone level ≥ 3 mm, and peri-implantitis (p < 0.05). After controlling for confounding factors, the NKM group demonstrated higher plaque accumulation, mucosal recession, and interproximal bone level ≥ 3 mm with adjusted odds ratios of 2.98 (1.33–6.66), 3.20 (95% CI, 1.03–9.90), and 4.62 (1.70–12.58), respectively.

Conclusion

Within the limitation of this study, the lack of keratinized mucosa around the dental implants was significantly associated with more plaque accumulation, mucosal recession, interproximal bone level ≥ 3 mm, and peri-implantitis.
Catching up! The sexual behaviour and opinions of Italian students (2000–2017)
Authors: Minello Alessandra , Caltabiano Marcantonio , Dalla-Zuanna Gianpiero , Vignoli Daniele
Published: July 2020

While sexuality has radically changed across middle–high-income societies in recent years, only outdated studies are available for Italy. We aim to provide novel insights into the sexual behaviour and opinions of young Italians diachronically and through a gendered lens. Our analysis compares the results of two national samples of university students collected in 2000 and 2017. The sexual behaviour and opinions of young men and women seem to be converging in several respects. We observed a feminisation of male opinions and behaviour within couples, which is to say that men are more likely to experience first intercourse with a young woman of roughly the same age while in a stable relationship, and betray—or accept betrayal—with less frequency and willingness than in the past. Similarly, we found a masculinisation of female opinions and behaviour outside of stable relationships, for example, an increase in occasional partners, a net drop in the expectation that other women hold virgin status before marriage, and a doubling of the acceptance of casual sex. A few gender differences remain, especially concerning sexual double standards: young men and women are still subject to diverse rules guiding their sexual behaviour. Finally, acceptance of homosexuality has risen substantially—particularly among women.