bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microproblematica del Carbonífero inferior del Área Guadiato (suroeste de España)
Authors: Cózar Pedro , Rodríguez Sergio
Published: December 2021

Este trabajo está basado en parte de las asociaciones de microtósiles del Área del Guadiato, en el Carbonífero inferior, entre 1as zonas de Ossa-Morena y Centro-Ibérica. Se han agrupado aquellos taxones cuya asignación es dudosa. Al gunos de ellos son probablemente asimilables a foraminíferos: Gigasbia in Strank y Pa racaligelloides Reitlinger. Otros tienen una posición más dudosa, entre foraminífeio s, volv ocal es, o partes de algas: Diplophaerima (Derville) emed. Conil et o1., Po1ispharerinella Mamet, Parathurammina Suleimanov y Hemithurammia Mamet. Un tercer grupo podría corresponder a partes de algas dasicladáceas o volvocales: Calcis¡›luiera Williamson emend. Andrews, Paleocancellus Demille y Alteres liaei-a Reitlinger. Por último, la información dispqnible sobre dos géneros, Draffania Cummings y Saccamminopsis So1las, no permite aproximarlos a ningún grupo concreto.
Lower Eocene (Middle Ilerdian) brachiopods from the Campo region, Central Pyrenees, north-eas tern Spain
Authors: Bitner Maria Aleksandra
Published: December 2021

Three brachiopod species, Terebratulina tenuistriata (Leymerie, 1846), Argyrotheca vidali (Mallada, 1878), and "Terebratula" n. sp., are recognized in the marls and calcareous silts of the Lower Eocene Puebla Formation of the Campo region in the Central Pyrenees, north-eastern Spain. The rich and well preserved material of T. tenuistriata and A. vidali allows to recognize the range of their morphological variability and to evaluate the status of earlier established species. The investigated assemblage is characterized by the small, pedunculate taxa adapted to life on a soft bottom anchoring directly in a soft substrate or attaching to very small, hard substrates.
Brachiopods from the Río del Peñón Formation. Río Blanco Basin, Upper Palaeozoic of Argentina.
Authors: Cisterna Gabriela Adriana , Simanauskas Tristán
Published: December 2021

This paper reviews the brachiopod fauna from the Ríoo de! Peñón Formation, Río Blanco Basin, Upper Palaeozoic of La Rioja province, Argentina. Traditionally, this unit was referred to the Carboniferous, however the braquiopod fauna here studied suggests a new biostratigraphical interpretation, indicating an age range from the latest Carboniferous to Early Permian. Three different brachiopod assemblages can be identified in the section: Assemblage I, from the lower member, includes Streptorhynchus? sp., Dyschrestia? sp., Costatumulus sp. A, Trigonotreta sp., Spiriferellina sp., Orbiculoidea sp., and unidentifiable productids and strophomenids.Assemblage II, from the middle member, includes Tivertonia jachalensis (Amos), Kochiproductus riojanus (Leanza), Costatumulus sp. B, Trigonotreta riojanensis (Lech and Acefiolaza) and Orbiculoidea sp. Assemblage III, from the highest part of the middle member, includes Neochonetes pegnonensis sp. nov., Costatumulus sp. C, Rhynchopora sp., Septosyringothyris jaguelensis Lech, and Orbiculoidea sp. These brachiopod assemblages demonstrate close affinities with faunas from the lower Permian of Western Australia and India. Affinities with faunas from Peru and Texas are less close.
The role of taphonomy in cladistic analysis: A case study in Permian bivalves.
Authors: Guimarães Simões Marcello , Marques Antonio Carlos , Cruz de Mello Luiz Henrique , Pirani Ghilardi Renato
Published: December 2021

The Megadesmidae (Bivalvia, Anomalodesmata) fossil record was examined in order to assess the role of taphonomy in cladistic analysis. Megadesmids are thick-shelled, infaunal, suspension-feeding bivalves. Our data indicate that their fossil record seems biased in favor of thick-shelled, shallow-burrowing genera and/or deep­burrowing forms. Consequently, there is a relation between the mode of life (shallow versus deep) and the resolution and quality of the fossil record. Deep-burrowers (Vacunella) are often preserved in life position offering a more accurate (temporal and spatial) fossil record, adequate for paleoecological inferences, while shallow-burrower shells (Plesiocyprinella), that are more prone to post-mortem transport and temporal mixing, offer a record with poor spatial and temporal resolution. The identification of homoplasy among infauna! bivalves constitutes a major challenge for their cladistic analysis. Within Megadesmidae intrinsic (bauplan limitations) and extrinsic (better preservational potential) factors favor the occurrence and preservation of homoplasy among the deep-burrowers. The implications are: a) clustering of deep-burrowing bivalves (Vacunella, Roxoa) due to parallel homoplasies, forming "adaptive", not necessarily "evolutive" taxa, and b) lower consistency indices in their cladistic analysis.
El esqueleto postcraneal de Hemihegetotherium (Hegetotheriidae, Notoungulata) del Mioceno Superior de Puchuzum, San Juan, Argentina
Authors: Cerdeño Esperanza , Contreras Victor Hugo
Published: December 2021

En este trabajo, se describen los restos postcraneale s de un hegetotérid o (Notoungulata) hallados en e1 yacimiento de Puchuzum, situado en el valle de Calingasta, en la provincia de San Juan, Argentina. La asociación de mamíferos encontrada en Puehuzum permite atribuirla a la edad Huayqueriense (Mioceno superior). Se confirma la determinación genérica preliminar de los restos estudiados y se completa a nivel específico, identificándolos con Hemihegetotherium achathaleptum Rovereto, 1914. Existen muy pocas descripciones del esqueleto postcraneal de los hegetotéridos, ya que la mayoría de las especies se basan principalmente en restos dentarios. Por el1o, algunos de los huesos postcraneales de Hemihegetotherium se describen aquí por primera vez. La revisión de otros materiales de este género nos lleva a establecer la sinonimia de las tres especies Huayqueriense H. achathaleptum H Asimismo se confirma la pertenencia de género Hemihegetotherium de la especie chaquiquense, H. Torresi, H. achathaleptum se distribuye en provincias argentinas de Catamarca, San Juan, Mendoza y La Pampa, mientras que la especie más antigua, H. torres i, se conoce de la provincia de Buenos Aires.
Las Caleras, provincia de Córdoba, primer yacimiento tosilífero de origen cárstico de Argentina.
Authors: Tauber Adán Alejo
Published: December 2021

Se describe en forma preliminar un yacimiento fosilífero ubicado en Las Caleras, departamento Calamuchita, provincia de Córdoba, el cual se ha desarrollado en la parte cuspidal de la sierra Blanca, sobre la vertiente oriental de la sierra de Los Comechingones. Se trata de rellenos, principalmente clasticos, de estrechas cubetas producidas por diso1ución de múrmoles del basamento metanoórfico precámbrico, en un paisaje carstico incipiente. Las principales especies registradas son: Tupinambis cf teguixin, Lutreolina sp. , Thylophoros chapalmanensis, Doellotatus chapadmalensis, Ringueletia simpsoni, Macroheuphratus outesi, Dankonys aff. Simpsoni Eumisops sp. Lagostumus (Lagostomopsis) sp., Doliechoti.s sp., Cardiotlierium aff. talicei, Tremacyllus y XotoJon sp. El contenido de mamíferos fósiles permite inferir que: 1) los sedimentos portadores se depositaron en el Plioceno (Chapadmalalense), 2) el clima era más calido y húmedo que el actual, 3) el ambiente era predominantemente abierto con pastizales, 4) el proceso de carstificación se produjo durante el Plioceno, y el bloque del basamento metamórfico de la sierra Blanca habría tenido por lo menos dos mocimientos tectónicos en el Neógeno, uno en la fase temprana Mioceno-Plioceno y el otro durante el Plioceno Tardío.
Sistematização de experiências de trabalho com grupos nos Centros de Referência em Obesidade/RJ
Authors: Rodrigues Phillipe Augusto Ferreira , Rodriguez Luciana da Silva , Assis Caroline Niquini de , Soeiro Raquel de Lima , Damião Jorginete de Jesus , Casemiro Juliana Pereira
Published: December 2021

Produzido por profissionais dos Centros de Referência em Obesidade (CRO) em parceria com professores do Instituto de Nutrição da UERJ, este livro oferece um olhar interdisciplinar sobre a questão da obesidade, ampliando as possibilidades de abordagens de educação e promoção da saúde relacionadas ao excesso de peso. A publicação parte do contexto macropolítico brasileiro sobre as questões da obesidade, em relação aos dados epidemiológicos, políticas públicas e documentos e publicações norteadoras da área. Segue-se a apresentação dos Centros de Referência em Obesidade e de conceitos-chave para esse serviço, incluindo um olhar sobre as vivências, atividades e temas vitais ao cotidiano desses profissionais de saúde e daqueles que demandam os cuidados.
Utility of olfactory identification test for screening of cognitive dysfunction in community-dwelling older adults
Authors: Nogi Satoshi , Uchida Kentaro , Maruta Jumpei , Kurozumi Hideo , Akada Satoshi , Shiba Masatsugu , Inoue Koki
Published: December 2021

Background

There is a need for a large-scale screening test that can be used to detect dementia in older individuals at an early stage. Olfactory identification deficits have been shown to occur in the early stages of dementia, indicating their usefulness in screening tests. This study investigated the utility of an olfactory identification test as a screening test for mild cognitive dysfunction in community-dwelling older people.

Methods

The subjects were city-dwelling individuals aged over 65 years but under 85 years who had not been diagnosed with dementia or mild cognitive impairment. The Japanese version of the Mild Cognitive Impairment Screen was used to evaluate cognitive function. Based on the results, the subjects were divided into two groups: healthy group and cognitively impaired group. Olfactory identification abilities based on the Japanese version of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test were compared between the groups.

Results

There were 182 participants in total: 77 in the healthy group and 105 in the cognitively impaired group. The mean olfactory identification test score of the cognitively impaired group was significantly lower than that of the healthy group. The cognitive impairment test score was significantly correlated with the olfactory identification test score.

Conclusions

Cross-sectional olfactory identification deficits at baseline in community-dwelling older adults reflected cognitive dysfunction. Assessing olfactory identification ability might be useful as a screening test for mild cognitive dysfunction in community-dwelling older people.
Multiple comparisons of precipitation variations in different areas using simultaneous confidence intervals for all possible ratios of variances of several zero-inflated lognormal models
Authors: Maneerat Patcharee , Niwitpong Sa-Aat
Published: December 2021

Flash flooding and landslides regularly cause injury, death, and homelessness in Thailand. An advancedwarning system is necessary for predicting natural disasters, and analyzing the variability of daily precipitation might be usable in this regard. Moreover, analyzing the differences in precipitation data among multiple weather stations could be used to predict variations in meteorological conditions throughout the country. Since precipitation data in Thailand follow a zero-inflated lognormal (ZILN) distribution, multiple comparisons of precipitation variation in different areas can be addressed by using simultaneous confidence intervals (SCIs) for all possible pairwise ratios of variances of several ZILN models. Herein, we formulate SCIs using Bayesian, generalized pivotal quantity (GPQ), and parametric bootstrap (PB) approaches. The results of a simulation study provide insight into the performances of the SCIs. Those based on PB and the Bayesian approach via probability matching with the beta prior performed well in situations with a large amount of zero-inflated data with a large variance. Besides, the Bayesian based on the reference-beta prior and GPQ SCIs can be considered as alternative approaches for small-to-large and medium-to-large sample sizes from large population, respectively. These approaches were applied to estimate the precipitation variability among weather stations in lower southern Thailand to illustrate their efficacies.
BANDAS DE MÚSICA COMO ESPAÇOS DE ENSINO MUSICAL
Authors: Cruz Fernando Vieira da
Published: December 2021

O tema abordado é a prática do ensino musical no ambiente das bandas de música brasileiras. Apresentamos uma discussão acerca das possibilidades do ensino nas bandas frente ao contexto dos espaços onde, tradicionalmente, a educação musical é discutida no âmbito acadêmico brasileiro, os conservatórios (incluindo escolas especializadas) e as escolas da rede básica de educação. Para realizar esta discussão, tomamos como base teórica a concepção de música enquanto forma de linguagem discursiva. Esta teoria advém da filosofia da linguagem e confere maior carga de significação musical às situações reais de vivência da música de modo socialmente contextualizado. O aporte teórico é fundamental, sobretudo, para pensarmos a concepção de ensino de música nas bandas. Logo, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a banda enquanto um espaço viável para ampliação das possibilidades de acesso à Educação Musical no Brasil, isto, posto frente às problemáticas enfrentadas tantos no ensino praticado tanto em conservatórios quanto nas escolas da rede. Assim, através de uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema pudemos apontar que existem múltiplas potencialidades para se pensar a banda de música enquanto espaço alternativo de educação musical.
Managing Perceptions of Teachers to Changes in Grade 9 Economic and Management Sciences Curriculum, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa
Authors: Fakude Zandile , Mdhlalose Dickson
Published: December 2021

This study focused on understanding the perceptions of teachers to changes in Grade 9 Economic and Management Sciences curriculum, of the Malelane circuit in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. The proposed research was carried out through a qualitative research method. A case study has been used. The case study method allowed the researchers to use multiple data collection methods to enhance the quality of the findings. In the case of this research, the researchers used interviews, lesson observations, and document review. Out of a population of 12 secondary schools at the Malelane circuit, 3 schools were conveniently sampled, out of the 3 schools, 3 participants were pulled, which was the principal, the Heads of Departments, and the Economic and Management Sciences teachers. Teachers were chosen on the basis that they were teaching Economic and Management Sciences for Grade 9. A non-probability sampling and purposeful convenient sampling was used. Lack of resources such as calculators, textbooks, workbooks, desks, lack of support from the government, chairs, overcrowded classes, changes in the curriculum and time allocation for Economic and Management Sciences subject are sources of teachers’ negative perceptions towards Economic and Management Sciences Curriculum for Grade 9. The teachers’ perceptions of Economic and Management Sciences made it clear that too much content was taught in 1 subject thus causing poor performance in Economic and Management Sciences for Grade 9. Fear of change leads teachers to have a negative perception and inappropriate behaviour.
Direct-Push Blood Transfusion Practice in the Neonatal Unit of a Tertiary Hospital in South-South, Nigeria
Authors: Bassey E. U. , Adesina S. B.
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Transfusion of blood is a life-saving intervention in the care of ill neonates. Donated blood is a scarce national resource and must be used in the most efficient way. Exchange blood transfusion using the blood bag is the commonest mode of blood delivery employed. Other modalities of safe and sustainable blood delivery should also be explored, especially where paucity of funds predominates. This study aims to assess the usefulness of the direct push method where applicable, as an alternative to blood bag delivery in neonatal units of resource poor settings.

Methods: A two year retrospective study of newborns admitted in the neonatal wards of the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital. Data obtained were the age, gender, indication for admission, packed cell volume (PCV) before and after transfusion. Blood transfusion was done in aliquots over 24 hours under aseptic conditions, via a peripheral vein. The push and pull method was employed, with no anticoagulant in the syringe. Post-transfusion PCV was done at least 24 hours after the procedure.

Results: Of the one thousand and seventy-seven (1077) admitted neonates, two hundred and thirty-nine (22.2%), received blood products. Of these, twenty-one (8.8%), received a direct whole blood transfusion. Age (days) of the neonates transfused ranged from 1 to 26 days, with a mean of 10.4 ± 8.13. The Packed Cell Volume (PCV) pre-transfusion ranged between 20% - 44%, with a mean of 30.05 ± 6.39 while post-transfusion PCV ranged between 31% to 51%, with a mean of 38.17 ± 5.52(Fig. 1). The commonest indication for transfusion was prematurity, 9(42.8%) and neonatal sepsis 5 (23.8%).

Conclusion: The direct transfusion of blood occasionally used, seems a relatively safe practice to correct mild/moderate anaemia. It also provides sufficient blood, with the advantage of usage when the umbilical cord access is no longer feasible and where cost of blood would otherwise, hinder quick intervention. This practice may need further evaluation by other centers.
Bound Estimation of Some Special Functions
Authors: Han Mengxuan , Yan Jihong
Published: December 2021

This article estimates bounds of several special functions. It also gives mathematical proofs and graphs of the corresponding functions. The results are applicable in aspect of inequalities.
Post-dipping in Milk Production, Composition, and Quality
Authors: Amaral Alves Elizabeth Simões do , Da Silva João Manoel , Santos Micheline Thais dos , Montaldo Yamina Coentro , Da Silva Paula Cibelly Vilela , Santos Tania Marta Carvalho Dos , De Medeiros Elizabeth Sampaio
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of post-dipping on milk production, composition, and quality of cows with subclinical mastitis. Samples of mast milk from two different dairy farms were analyzed in two moments: before the post-dipping implantation and after 30 days, the samples were conditioned to the refrigeration temperature in an isothermal box and sent to the laboratory for the following analyzes: California Mastitis Test (CMT), Somatic Cell Count (SCC), Fat, Protein, Lactose, Total Solids (TS), Non-Fat Solids (NFS) and microbiological tests, as well as individual milk weighing. The experimental design was completely randomized and arranged in a split-plot scheme, submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) by the F test. The post-dipping practice during 30 days resulted in the means and standard deviation of the analyzes of the studied variables, where the values of SCC, CMT, and microbiological score profile were statistically significant. The highest etiological agent found was Staphylococcus spp. The fat and lactose profile increased in both farms, but there was no significant difference. Protein increased in both farms, but in farm I, there was no significant difference and in farm 2, there was a significant difference. Total Solids, Non-greasy solids, and weighing had a percentage increase, but the means of weight did not differ statistically. The post-dipping technique was an effective measure in the control of subclinical mastitis and brings health benefits to the mammary gland.
Impact of Budget Deficit Financing on Money Demand in Nigeria
Authors: Francis Onyedibe Chukwudi , Uzonwanne Maria Chinecherem , Ezenekwe Uju Regina , Ejiaka Nzeribe Geraldine , Ezenweobi Ngozi Florence
Published: December 2021

The study empirically investigates the impact of budget deficit financing on money demand in Nigeria with an objective of finding the effect of budget deficit financing indicators such as external debt financing, domestic debt as well as debt servicing on money demand. The study is modeled using a framework of Keynesian theory of budget deficit financing and Richadian Equivalent hypothesis. The study adopted an auto redistributive lag model (ARDL) which shows the existence of long run relationship between money demand and indicators of financing budget deficit and ordinary Least Square. The general findings revealed that external source of financing budget deficit, internal source of financing budget deficit as well as debt servicing has a significant effect on money demand in the Nigerian context. Base on this findings, the study recommend that external and internal source of financing deficit should be encouraged  for effective demand leading to economic stability reasons and not for political reasons and it should be properly channeled to productive sector of the economy that will enhance economic stability.
A Review on: Analytical Techniques Development and Validation of Drugs Used for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Kesharwani Sunayana , Mehta Parul
Published: December 2021

Pharmaceutical analysis plays a very prominent role in quality assurance as well as quality control of bulk drugs and pharmaceutical formulations. Rapid increase in pharmaceutical industries and production of drug in various parts of the world has brought a rise in demand for new analytical techniques in the pharmaceutical industries. As a consequence, analytical method development has become the basic activity of analysis. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive memory defeat and impairment in behavior, language and visuospatial skills. Donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, tacrine and memantine are the US Food and Drug Administration approved oral drugs used in the treatment of AD. These drugs can provide a symptomatic relief but they poorly affect the progression of the disease. Quantization of these drugs in various biological matrices, dosage forms and monitoring them in long-term treatment is essential to titer the dose of these drugs and ensures patient compliance. The main objective of this review mainly focused on spectrophotometric, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), HPTLC and liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) which can be used for method development and validation of different Alzheimer’s drugs. The review is a collection of data including various analytical methods used, the different columns used, mobile phase used, flow rate, different detectors and detection wavelength and retention time. This review includes discussion on method development and validation of Alzheimer’s drugs and newly developed compounds which have lesser side effects and are proving more efficient for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. This review challenges to researches for development of front line drug for Alzheimer’s disease.
The Outpatient Prescribing Pattern of Norethisterone in Al-Kharj
Authors: Ahmed Nehad J. , Gabr Gamal A. , El-Sherbiny Abeer A.
Published: December 2021

Aim: This study was conducted to demonstrate the prescribing pattern of norethisterone in Al-Kharj.

Methodology: This is a retrospective study includes evaluating outpatient prescribing of norethisterone from 1st of January 2018 to 30th of June 2018 in a public hospital in Alkharj.

Results: The age of about 31.03% of the patients who used norethisterone was between 40 and 49 years, the age of 24.14% of them was between 30 and 39, and the age of 24.14% of them were between 20 and 29 years. About 31.03% of the patients used norethisterone for 3 weeks and 17.24% of them used norethisterone for 10 days. Most of the prescriptions that contained norethisterone were prescribed by obstetrics and gynecology department (68.97%).

Conclusion: The prescribing of norethisterone was uncommon in the outpatient setting due to the availability of several alternative drugs. Further studies are needed to investigate the prescribing of norethisterone and its alternatives by the different settings.
Prevalence of Contraceptive Methods among Eligible Couples in an Urban Area of Chennai - A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Avinash K. R. Deepak , Suganthi S. , Venmathi E.
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Rapid population expansion is putting a strain on many developing countries' resources, especially in India. Optimal fertility management enables women and men to avoid and achieve conception and parenthood when desired. India launched officially Family Planning Programme way back in 1952 to address these issues, yet its goals were far from achieving facing stern obstacles in many forms. Surveys and studies by individual authors to find out the prevalence of contraceptive use and their determinants have been conducted in various parts of India. However, the contraceptive prevalence is not uniform across India. The aim of the study is to estimating the prevalence of contraception usage among eligible couples and to assess the factors associated with contraception usage.

Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted among married eligible couples living in the urban area named Semencheri in Chennai. It was carried out for a period of 4 months from 2ndApril to 5th of July 2019. The study population consisted of eligible married couples with female partner of age between 15 to 49yrs of age married for at least 2 year, and having minimum one child, Based on the results of a pilot study the sample size was calculated and estimated to be 120, structured questionnaire was used to collect data.

Results: The prevalence of contraception was only 63.3% though 92.5% of couples studied were aware of the contraceptive methods, the factors like education of either of the couple and mode of delivery of the previous child were significantly associated with contraception usage.

Conclusion: Even though the use of contraception has increased among couples, still there is an unmet need for contraception, in spite of increased education qualification and knowledge about contraceptive methods.
Impact of Rehabilitation in a Complex Case of Intertrochanteric Fracture in Geriatric – A Case Report
Authors: Nandanwar Sojwal , Joshi Medhavi V. , Patil Deepali
Published: December 2021

Peri-trochanteric femoral fractures are among the most prevalent fractures in the aged population. Injury and trauma are the leading causes of intertrochanteric fractures. The intertrochanteric aspect of the femur is made up of dense trabecular bone and lies between the greater and lesser trochanters. The female to male ratio for sustaining these fractures is seen between 2:1 and 8:1.Patients with femoral neck fractures are usually in geriatric age group. The dynamic screw approach is used to treat intertrochanteric fractures surgically. An 88year old male patient with left intertrochanteric fracture, diagnosed on x-ray after a fall in toilet was operated and was referred immediately for physical therapy, which included strengthening exercises, balance retrainig, and breathing exercises. According to the case study, a physiotherapy treatment technique resulted in considerable and gradual improvement of functional goals.
Effect of Interaction through Child to Child Approach on Knowledge towards Junk Foods among Adolescents at Selected Private School, Kelambakkam, Kanchipuram District, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Narayani D. Lakshmi , Subbulakshmi S. , Subramanian T. Kathir , Priya A. Shanmuga
Published: December 2021

Background: ‘Home and school is the primary source for beginning the food habits and in school, it is a place for learning and nurturing’ it is an important priority to provide intervention to improve their knowledge and competency of junk foods among adolescents.

Materials and Methods: The study aimed to assess the effect of interaction through child to child approach on knowledge towards junk foods among adolescents. A quantitative evaluative approach with a one group pre-test  post-test design. The purposive sampling technique was used to collect data from 150 adolescents aged between 13-15 years, who were studying in Bhuvana Krishnan Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Kelambakkam, Chengalpattu district. The students were trained with instructional teaching programme based on child to child approach in the ratio of 1:10 for a period of one month. The structured standardized questionnaire on junk foods was used to assess the pre-test and post- test was conducted after 14 days.

Results: The study findings revealed that the post test level of knowledge of junk foods among adolescents was found to be statistically significant compared to the pre test level at p<0.001.

Conclusion: The instructional teaching programme on junk foods was effective in improving the level of knowledge of junk foods among adolescents.
Improving Quality of Life among Thalassemia Major in Adolescents: Video Assisted Teaching
Authors: Jenifa N. , Sharmil Hepsibah S.
Published: December 2021

Background: Thalassemia major (B-TM) a grave health concern that poses serious health consequences during which there arises a mandatory need for regular blood transfusions that is vital for survival.. This led to the conception of this video assisted teaching to improve the Quality of Life (QOL) among B-TM patients.

Aim: To assess the effectiveness of video assisted teaching on knowledge regarding quality of life among Thalassemia Major Adolescence and to find the association between knowledge regarding quality of life among Thalassemia Major Adolescence with selected demographic variables.

Materials and methods Sample: A Pre- test and post - test designs was conducted in Gujarat. A total of 50 adolescents were included in study. The data from the thalassemic major adolescents is collected using a predefined questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the collected data, and the results were interpreted in terms of the study's goal and hypothesis. The 0.05 level of significance was chosen.

Results: Post-test result shows that majority of thalassemic major adolescence 11(22%) were having adequate knowledge, 39(78%) were showing moderate knowledge regarding quality of life among thalassemic major adolescence.

Conclusion: The study's goal was to see how efficient video assisted education is at improving knowledge about quality of life among thalassemia major adolescent.The goal of measuring thalassemia major adolescent knowledge and evaluating the effectiveness of video assisted instruction, researchers used a one-group pre-test and post-test approach. The knowledge of thalassemia major adolescents was assessed using a questionnaire.The data was interpreted by suitable appropriate statistical methods.
Assessment of the Level of Knowledge and Practices on Hand Hygiene among School going Children at Selected Districts, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Keerthana K. , Subbulakshmi S. , Suhail A. Ameer , Varghese Sharon , Raj S. Sesan , Johnson S.
Published: December 2021

Background: The practice of hand washing is a simple effective way to prevent infection cleaning of the hands can prevent the spread of germs and micro organisms. Hand hygiene is recognized as a leading measure to prevent cross –transmission of microorganism. Infection due to microbes is a evolving problem in worldwide and horizontal transmission of bacterial organisms to cause a high mortality rate increased. Hand washing with soap and water can prevent a significant proportion of childhood diarrhoea and respiratory infections, the two main global causes of child mortality. 

Objectives: The objectives were to assess the existing level of knowledge and practice of school going children on hand washing, to find out the correlation between level of knowledge and practice on hand washing among school going children and to find out the association between level of knowledge and practices of school going children on hand washing with their selected demographic variables.

Methods: A quantitative evaluative approach with descriptive research design was adopted. 50 school going children were selected by the purposive sampling technique.

Results:  The collected data was tabulated and analyzed. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. In the level of knowledge majority of the school going children (52%) had inadequate knowledge, 28% of them were had moderately adequate knowledge and only 20% of them had adequate knowledge. The mean knowledge score on hand washing was 10.4 and the standard deviation was 4.31. The mean practice score on hand washing was 21.52 and the standard deviation was 7.4.

Conclusion: The study results shows that most of the school children were having inadequate knowledge and less desirable practices of hand washing. A structured teaching program on hand washing is very important for incorporating the knowledge among school children.
Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Anti Gout Potential of Aqueous Seed Extract of Punica granatum - An in vitro Study
Authors: Jayavarsha V. , Gayathri R. , Priya V. Vishnu , Selvaraj J. , Kavitha S.
Published: December 2021

Background: Punica granatum belongs to the family punicaceae. Pomegranate has a reservoir of secondary metabolites which possess free radical scavenging activity. Pomegranate has high antioxidants content, which helps in the delayed progress of atherosclerosis, cancer and ageing. Gout is a chronic metabolic disease. It is caused due to increased deposition of monosodium urate crystals in joints. It is caused due to increased intake of purine rich food. Xanthine oxidase converts hypoxanthine to uric acid. Xanthine oxidase (XO) plays an important role in the regulation of production of uric acid. Many research has been done in the extract to analyse the pharmacological characteristics and its beneficial uses. Pomegranate is widely consumed and used as preventive and therapeutic agents.

Aim: The aim of this study is to analyse phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and anti gout activity of aqueous seed extract of Punica granatum.

Methods: Aqueous seed extract of Punica granatum was prepared and analysed for its phytochemical, antioxidant and anti gout potential by using statistical methods.

Results: Phytochemicals such as flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids were present in aqueous extract of Punica granatum. IC50 of antioxidant activity of aqueous seed extract of Punica granatum was found to be 280µg/ml. The extract also exhibited anti gout potential with an IC50 = 310 µg/ml. P value is < 0.05 so, it is significant.

Conclusion: Aqueous seed extract of punica granatum can be used to treat gout and to combat various other disorders and also have antioxidant and phytochemical activity. It will be an alternative for synthetic drugs. Herbal extracts are more preferred for its accessibility, cost effectiveness and less side effects. The combined effects of antioxidant and xanthine oxidase inhibitors will be helpful in hyperuricemia treatment.
Organ Donation’- Awareness, Perspective and Practices among Adults – A Cross Sectional Study in Rural Tamil Nadu
Authors: Kumar S. S. Lokesh , Raja D. , Sharath U.
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Organ transplantation is the most opted treatment for the most of the end stage organ diseases since it increases the quality of life and long-term survival benefits. The rate of organ donation is less in India. This leads to organ deficit which is the major obstacle in transplantation. The main reason behind this less rate of organ donation is lack of knowledge and awareness.

Methodology: A Cross sectional descriptive study done among 203 study participants residing in rural field practicing area of a tertiary care centre by using two stage random sampling method.

Results: 47.3% of the participants were in the age group of 31-60 years. Most of them were female and married. 78.7% of the participants were completed at least primary education and 28.3% of the participants were belong socio economic class V according to modified BG prasad’s scale 2019. 84.2% of the study participants were aware about the organ donation and Television acted as a main source of information about organ donation. Majority of the participants doesn’t know about the organ donation card and the place of enrolment for organ donation.

Conclusion: Measures to be taken to create awareness about the need of organ donation. Campaign should be conducted for the enrolment for organ donation.
Appraisal of Behaviour-change Models and Application of Transtheoretical Model-based Motivational Interviewing for Bottle Feeding Cessation- A Qualitative Study
Authors: Acharya Priyanka R. , Jawdekar Ashwin M.
Published: December 2021

Behaviour change is the key to prevention of diseases; oral diseases being no exception. Behaviours such as frequent consumption of sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs), feeding milk using a bottle and lack of oral hygiene maintenance are a few examples of behaviours that can cause early childhood caries. Dentists must adopt skills to counsel patients in a manner that will elicit behaviour change. Motivational Interviewing (MI) based on the transtheoretical model of behaviour-change has been effective in tobacco cessation and also has been shown effective in oral health behaviours. This qualitative study demonstrates effectiveness of MI practiced by a paediatric dentist for bottle-feeding cessation. Sixteen mothers were counselled by a single trained MI counsellor in one-to-one counselling sessions and followed up telephonically. Fifteen mothers could stop the practice of bottle feeding. Mothers reported positive feedback on the counselling sessions and satisfaction with the result.
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT): Its History, Evolution and Future Perspectives in Evolving World
Authors: Mehta Pankaj , Solanki Anushka , Kaur Navneet , Thakur Neelam
Published: December 2021

The Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) is known to be a very complex practice which involves the transplantation of multipotent stem cells from a donor to the recipient. For the very recent time period this field has changed into its better form i.e. it has immensely proved itself for the medical care of certain hematological as well as immune-deficiency syndromes. Right now, HSCT is a broadly acknowledged treatment for some dangerous illnesses. It in this manner addresses a genuine helpful expect numerous patients. Due to this widening latitude of transplantation, it has certainly drawn the attention of medical crowd as it now being synchronized in many parts of the world. The present work provides a review of the development strategies of HSCT.
Formulation & Evaluation of Effervescent Tablet of Verapamil Hydrochloride
Authors: Kumar Rajeev , Shrivastava Sushant Kumar
Published: December 2021

The chief aim of the present investigation is to study the Formulation & Evaluation of Effervescent Tablet of Verapamil Hydrochloride. The floating tablets of verapamil hydrochloride were prepared by direct compression technique. For each tablet formulation,  drug, HPMC-K15M, karaya gum, sodium bicarbonate, and diluents were blended homogeneously for 10 min followed by addition of magnesium stearate. The total weight of each tablet was 300 mg. The amount of karaya gum used was in the range of 40–90 mg, whereas HPMC was used in the range of 20-40 mg. The powder mixture was further mixed for 5 min in a mortar. The resultant mixture was compressed into tablets using a Rimek rotary tablet machine. After preparation, the formulations were evaluated by various parameters. The friability of the tablet formulation varied between 0.3 ± 0.0063 to 0.59 ± 0.0076%. The weight variation of prepared tablet formulation complies with USP limits. The thickness was found to be in the range of 4.1 ± 0.48 to 4.2 ± 0.76 mm. The assay for drug content varied between 96.53 ± 0.36 to 102.03 ± 0.52%. The B1, B5, B6, B9, and B10 exhibited more than 75% drug release at 12 h. The B1 exhibited a maximum of 30 % drug release in the 1st hour and constant release for almost up to 12 h. B8 showed the least drug release among all other formulations; this may be due to the formation of a thick gel barrier on the tablet. Tablets were prepared by direct compression. Technological characteristics of floating tablets were within the Pharmacopoeial limit. Tablets floated for more than 8 h. Complete swelling was achieved by the end of 8 h, so percent swelling was determined at the end of 8 h for all the developed formulations.
Semen and Spermatozoa Characteristics in Alcohol Users and Non-Users
Authors: Lella Tanuja , Ruckmani A. , Pandiyan Pandiyan N. , Arunkumar R.
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Increasing infertility rate worldwide raises research to investigate plausible reason health community. To find out the characteristics of semen and spermatozoa in alcohol users and compare these characteristics with that of non-users of alcohol.

Methodology: The data on alcohol use and semen analysis were obtained from case records of patients reported to the Department of Andrology & Reproductive Medicine of a tertiary care hospital for a period of one year from January 2018 to December 2018. The semen volume, sperm concentration, motility and morphology in alcohol users were compared with non-users.

Results: A total of 231 patients had reported to the Department of Andrology & Reproductive Medicine during the study period. Among them 81 (35.06%) were alcohol users and 150 (64.94%) alcohol non-users. Analysis of their semen reports revealed that the difference in semen volume and sperm morphology was not found to be statistically significant, but the sperm concentration and progressive motility of spermatozoa showed significant reduction in alcohol users compared to non – users (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The semen volume and sperm quality were found to be low in alcohol users. Among the spermatozoa characteristics, sperm concentration and motility were significantly reduced in alcohol users.
Assess the Quality of Life amongst Antenatal Mothers with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a Selected Districts, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Priya D. Joanie , Agusta A. , Jasmine M. , Rakesh M. , Nirmala Praveen
Published: December 2021

Background: Gestational diabetes Mellitus is defined as the diabetes diagnosed within the second or third trimester of pregnancy. Gestational Diabete Mellitus is one of the most frequent metabolic diseases during pregnancy. It approximately affects 7% (range:2-18%) of all pregnancies. This clinical condition potentially affects not only negative medical outcomes but also the mental state status with additional adverse consequences on psychological well-being and Quality of Life.

Objectives: Were to assess the quality of life amongest antenatal mothers with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and to associate the quality of life amongest antenatal mothers with the selected demographic variable.

Methods: The descriptive research design was used in this study. The convenient Sample (N=30) was used to assess the Quality of Life Scale among antenatal mothers with the Gestational Mothers. The data regarding demographic variables like Age, Income, Occupation, Education and Obstetric Variables like past obstetrical complications, Gravid, Week of Gestation. The result showed that 30 Antenatal Mothers with Gestational Diabetes was participated in this study and they were assessed by Modified Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL – BREF) which includes physical, psychological and social relationships domains are rated on 5points Likert Scale to determine Score.

Conclusion: The result shows that the level of Quality of Life Scale of Antenatal Mothers with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (N=30) 12 of them have Moderate Quality of Life, 11 of them have Adequate Quality of Life and 07 of them have Inadequate Quality of Life. And there is Significant Association of demographic variables of age, except age other demographic and Obstetrical variables are Not Significant and (X2 – 56.16, P = >0.05).
Comparative Pharmaceutical and Analytical Study of Chapal Shodhan (Purification Process) with Special Reference to Bismuth and Selenium
Authors: Mathad Prasanna , Pandya M. R.
Published: December 2021

Rasashastra is the branch of science which deals with alchemic preparation or metal and mineral medicinal formulation explained in ancient texts of Ayurved. Rasashastra explained group of drugs in different names on the basis their therapeutic application and binding capacity of drug with Mercury. Chapal one among the group of Maharasa which is having potent therapeutic properties like immune modulator, analgesic, rejuvenator and aphrodisiac. Due to lack of identification, difficulty in procurement and confusion in synonyms and vernacular names, Chapal placed in controversial drugs. Some opines Chapal as Bismuth and some says Selenium. To overcome from these controversies to confirm the type of drug this comparative study is undertaken. Comparative study given nearer conclusion that Chapal can be Selenium, after observing organoleptic properties and symptoms experienced by the person during the purificatory process.
Scrotal Ulcer is a Rare Presentationof TB Epididymis in Young Male
Authors: Rao Rekadi Srinivasa , Kumar Senthil , Anantharamakrishnan R. , Varadaraju P.
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Scrotal tuberculosis (TB) is rare and may present as painful scrotal swelling with ulceration and discharging sinus.

Case Report: A 28 years male with 2 months history of swelling and pain over left scrotum. Developed ulcer over the scrotal region with multiple sinus associated with pus discharge.

Conclusion: The clinical presentation of TB scrotal ulcer can be atypical and a high index of suspicion is required for early diagnosis. Diagnosis is by using ultrasonography, microbiology, and biopsy. Treatment requires prolonged ATT for 6 months.
KOMUNIKASI CSR PERUSAHAAN-PERUSAHAAN DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2017
Authors: Nugroho Abraham Wahyu
Published: December 2021

Communication is essential for the success of CSR program. However, research on CSR communication is still limited. Therefore, this paper aims to describe content of communication through CSR report in Indonesia. This research uses quantitative content analysis method with NVivo 10 text analysis support. The population of this research is 47 annual reports from public companies that received Investment Award in 2017. The results of this study indicate that every company had more than one social responsibility issue. Social responsibility was not only for communities but also for employee and customer. Rationale of CSR in Indonesia was not clear. Most of companies run CSR program through charity activities.
Automatic Detection and Classification of Diabetes Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Nithyalakshmi V. , Sivakumar Dr.R. , Sivaramakrishnan Dr.A.
Published: December 2021

Diabetes is characterized as a chronic disease that may cause many health complications. Artificial intelligence techniques are adopted diagnose diabetes more accurately. This paper presents an artificial intelligence technique for diabetes diagnosis. Efficacy of the technique is evaluated using diabetes database. Experimental results show that the back propagation neural network algorithm yields the highest classification rate compared to k-nearest neighbourhood classifier. Additionally, the back propagation neural network provides error with the highest area under curve of 90 %.
Entre fantasmas da puta e a regulamentação da prostituição:
Authors: Clarindo Adriely Oliveira , Zamboni Jésio , Martins Rafaela Werneck Arenari
Published: December 2021

Caminhando por diferentes cabarés com uma puta pesquisadora constrói-se este artigo. Entremeandodebates, ponderações e análises críticas às narrativas das experiências das prostitutas, discutimos sobre modos de vida forjados entre armários e fantasmas que assombram os territórios pesquisados. Apostando nas percepções das prostitutas sobre o próprio trabalho, as discussões e narrativas presentes neste texto aliam-se à perspectiva putafeminista. Realiza-se também uma discussão a respeito da regulamentação do trabalho sexual no Brasil.