bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Siswa pada Kompetensi Dasar Politik Luar Negeri melalui Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Tari Bambu Kelas IVB SD Negeri 067690 Medan Johor
Authors: Sianturi Ruster
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada kompetensi dasar politik luar negeri melalui penggunaan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe tari bambu. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang bertujuan untuk memperbaiki proses pembelajaran dalam meningkatkan minat belajar PKn siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe tari bambu. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa Kelas IVB SD Negeri 067690 Medan Johor. Objek penelitian ini adalah peningkatan minat belajar melalui penggunaan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe tari bambu pada mata pelajaran PKn siswa Kelas VB SD Negeri 067690 Medan Johor.yang berjumlah 30 orang. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa minat belajar siswa siklus I rata-rata nilai keseluruhan yang diperoleh hanya mencapai 44% yang diperoleh sebesar 55%. Pada siklus II rata-rata nilai keseluruhan yang diperoleh yaitu sebesar 69% yang diperoleh adalah sebesar 87%. Pada siklus II dapat dilihat bahwa guru sudah meningkatkan penggunaan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe tari bambu dengan baik dan perilaku belajar siswa sudah meningkat.Kata Kunci: Politik Luar Negeri, Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Tari Bambu.
LANSKAP SPIRITUAL SITUS LIYANGAN
Authors: Tanudirjo Daud Aris , Yuwono Jarwo Susetyo Edy , Wardoyo Adi Ari Mukti
Published: November 2019

Liyangan archaeological site in the village of Purbasari, Residency Temanggung, Central Java, is an Old Mataram settlement predictably existed from around 8th to 10th century CE. In this site, which was buried by thick layers of pyroclastic materials of Gunung Sindoro eruption, various artefacts as well as stone structures are found including pavement, altars, retaining walls, water-temple, and remains of wooden structures. One of the most interesting aspect of this site is the orientation of the stone structures. Although the whole settlement was arranged to follow the sloping contour of the Mount Sindoro, most of the stone structures were oriented to southeast, which was not common for stone shrines built at the same period. This paper attempts to explain the reason for such an exceptional orientation using landscape archaeological approach. Our research demonstrates that the ten Liyangan stone structures were oriented to either Mount Merapi, Baka Hill, or the Prambanan temple. The orientation of the stone structures is believed as a reflection of the spatial map and the cosmology of the community lived in Liyangan centuries ago. It is suggested here that such an orientation represents the so-called “spiritual landscape”of the people.
Functional types of agricultural landscapes, peculiarities of their mapping
Authors: Pylypenko Halyna , Tsurkan Oksana
Published: November 2019

A formal solution of applied agrolandscape maps’ preparation using GIS-technologies on example of agrolandscape is presented. Four types of agro landscapes are featured taking into consideration landscape structure of territory and features of land use. A new format of disclosing agrolandscape map content is offered. Key words: steppe agrolandscape, nature-comfortable, adapted-balanced, inert-depressive, stressed-unbalanced types of agrolandscape structures.
Scientific grounds for the creation of the local geological monument of nature “Lypovetsk­Illinetsk astrobleme”
Authors: Splodytel Anastasia
Published: November 2019

The article deals with the possibility of the system creation of Vinnytsia region Econet geological nature monument of local importance «Lipovetsk-Illinetski astrobleme.» All factual material of field investigations is analyzed and summarized. The main limits of geostructure are distinguished and the history of the formation and identification of the crater is examined. Key words: astrobleme, ecological network, autogenous breccias, impaktyt, shock metamorphism.
IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENT PROCESSED UPON EFFECTIVENESS OF SHOCK PULSE ENERGY TRANSFER AT WAVE DEFORMATION STRENGTHENING
Authors: Киричек Андрей , Kirichek Andrey , Баринов Сергей , Barinov Sergey , Яшин Александр , Yashin Aleksandr , Зайцев Алексей , Zaycev Aleksey , Константинов Александр , Konstantinov Aleksandr
Published: November 2019

The investigations carried out are dedicated to the analysis of the material impact of the loading environment upon the effectiveness of a shock pulse at wave deformation strengthening. To carry out investigations in the specialized program there is developed a finite-element model of an impact system consisting of a head and a waveguide pressed statically to the environment of loading. The impact system effectiveness was estimated on the ratio of shock pulse energy imparted to a deformation source taking into account the material of the loading environment to the energy of a head blow to a waveguide. It is defined that the most significant impact upon a share of transient energy of the shock pulse is rendered by the head parameters the change of which in the range considered allows increasing the effectiveness of the impact system by 15.6 times. The next important factor affecting considerably the effectiveness of shock pulse energy transfer is a ratio of the lengths of a head and a waveguide the change of which in the value range investigated allows increasing a share of energy transferred by 2.8 times. The least impact upon the effectiveness of impact energy transfer in the center of deformation with the impact system is performed by the material of loading environment – 1…3% for the rational values of the parameter ratios of the impact system elements (n more than 80%). At the forced choice of less efficient impact systems (L1/d1=1 ; L1/L2=1…10; n less than 62%) the impact of the material of loading environment may make 6…10%.
ANALISA KAPASITAS PRODUKSI DI STASIUN PERAKITAN DENGAN METODE PENJADWALAN DETERMINISTIK
Authors: Prastyabudi (Institut Teknologi TELKOM - Indonesia) Wahyu Andy , Adiyanto (Universitas Ahmad Dahlan - Indonesia) Okka , Adityo (Universitas Ahmad Dahlan - Indonesia) Luthfi Bagus
Published: November 2019

Abstract A manufacturing company which its production based on customer's customization order commonly employs Make-To-Order system. The classical problem of this system is that uncertainty of the order receipt schedule and the various degree of customization. Thus, it leads to an improper production schedule or under-optimal. This study aims to analyze the maximum production capacity of the company so that it can provide a recommendation for scheduling improvement. In this paper, the study case is carried out to a company which produces the various tools for military needs, such as weapons, ammunition, and combat vehicle. By means of the deterministic scheduling method, the optimal sequence of a military vehicle can be determined. Then, to represent the job priority order as well as to estimate the job completion duration, the network diagram is used. The result is then used as a reference to construct the production schedule simulation sequentially. It is intended to observe the interval time among production schedule. The experimental results of maximum production capacity calculation show that the company is able to produce at maximum 150 unit vehicles per year.Keywords: scheduling; production; deterministic method; Abstrak Perusahaan manufaktur yang memproduksi berdasarkan kustomisasi permintaan pelanggan biasa menerapkan sistem Make-To-Order. Masalah klasik yang sering dihadapai dari sistem tersebut adalah ketidaktepatan jadwal penerimaan pesanan dan tingkat kustomisasi yang berbeda-beda. Hal tersebut menyebabkan penjadwalan produksi yang tidak tepat atau tidak optimal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan analisa kapasitas produksi perusahaan, sehingga dengan mengetahui kapasitas maksimalnya dapat memberikan rekomendasi perbaikan penjadwalan. Dalam penelitian ini, studi kasus dilakukan pada perusahan yang memproduksi berbagai macam peralatan untuk kebutuhan militer seperti persenjataan, amunisi, dan kendaraan tempur. Dengan menggunakan metode penjadwalan deterministik, urutan perakitan optimal pada kendaraan militer dapat ditentukan. Kemudian untuk menggambarkan urutan prioritas pekerjaan sekaligus untuk memperhitungkan durasi penyelesaian pekerjaan digunakan bantuan network diagram. Hasilnya digunakan sebagai dasar untuk menyusun simulasi penjadwalan produksi secara berurutan. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui selisih waktu produksi antar jadwal. Hasil perhitungan jumlah kapasitas produksi maksimal perusahaan didapatkan bahwa perusahaan ini dapat memproduksi sebanyak 150 unit kendaraan per tahun. Kata kunci: penjadwalan; produksi; metode deterministik;
ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN INVENTORI PADA KOMPONEN DARAH PACKED RED CELL (PRC)
Authors: Fauzi (Universitas Widyatama - Indonesia) Muchammad , Bahagia (Institut Teknologi Bandung - Indonesia) Senator Nur
Published: November 2019

Abstract By following WHO guidelines, the minimum blood availability is 2% of the population. The total population of Indonesia in 2016 is 261.115.456, so ideally it takes 5.222.309 blood bags. In 2013-2015 for 36 months, there were 26 overstock events and 10 stockout events. The data shows that the frequency of over-supply is more frequent than over-demand. The high overstock has an impact on the high costs incurred by the City of Bandung PMI, if there is overstock there are two costs to be incurred, namely the cost of storing if the blood is still in good use and the cost of overstock if the blood is more than the expiration date. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal value of inventory levels to reduce wastage of blood culling due to overstock occurring at PMI Bandung. The research method uses a quantitative approach to the optimization model of inventory policy, namely Uncertainty EOQ. The optimal amount of supplies that must be provided is at intervals of 8,705 - 9,375 blood bags with a large safety stock 403 blood bags and the ordering point is at the level of supplies of 5.706 blood bags. This proposal can provide a total inventory cost savings of Rp6.622.659.034/year. Keywords: Blood, Overstock, EOQ, Uncertainty Abstrak Sesuai dengan panduan WHO, ketersediaan darah minimal adalah 2% dari jumlah penduduk. Jumlah penduduk Indonesia tahun 2016 adalah 261.115.456 jiwa, maka idealnya dibutuhkan 5.222.309 kantong darah. Tahun 2013-2015 selama 36 bulan, terdapat 26 kejadian overstock dan 10 kejadian stoc-kout. Data tersebut menunjukan bahwa frekuensi over-supply lebih sering dibandingkan over-demand. Tingginya overstock berdampak pada tingginya biaya yang dikeluarkan oleh PMI Kota Bandung, jika terjadi overstock ada dua biaya yang harus dikeluarkan, yaitu biaya simpan jika darah masih dalam masa baik digunakan dan biaya overstock jika darah sudah lebih dari tanggal kadaluarsa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui nilai tingkat persediaan yang optimal untuk mengurangi pemborosan pemusnahan darah akibat overstock yang terjadi di PMI Kota Bandung. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif model optimasi pada kebijakan inventori yaitu EOQ Tak Tentu Berisiko Terkendali. Jumlah persediaan optimal yang harus disediakan berada di interval 8.705 – 9.375 kantong darah dengan besar safety stock 403 kantong darah dan titik pemesanan berada di tingkat persediaan 5.706 kantong darah. Usulan ini dapat memberikan penghematan total biaya persediaan sebesar Rp6.622.659.034/tahun. Kata kunci: Darah, Overstock, EOQ, Tak Tentu
MODEL ABC MULTI-CRITERIA INVENTORY CLASSIFICATION (MCIC) MENGGUNAKAN PEMROGRAMAN LINEAR PADA PRODUK KIMIA
Authors: Pratomo (Politeknik APP - Indonesia) Eko
Published: November 2019

Abstract In order to maintain their inventory efficiently, enterprises need to prioritize inventory policies considering multiple criteria. A Multi Criteria Inventory Classification (MCIC) is one of the most effective techniques widely used to classify inventory. In this paper, multiple criteria (annual value, lead time, cost per unit) are considered on ABC inventory classification. The aim of this study is classify products considering those multiple criteria. Multiple criteria ABC Classifications methodology developed by Ramanathan-Model and Ng-Model are used and compared with traditional method. Data are collected from annual chemical product transaction on PT XYZ during 2018. In this paper, linear programming method is used to solve ABC MCIC Model. The result of this study show that 12 items (14%) are identified as Class A, 26 items (30%) as class B and the remaining 48 items (56%) as C Class. In our conclution, we propose inventory policies based on the result of the ABC Models. Keywords: ABC Model; MCIC; Traditional Model; Ramanathan-Model; Ng-Model; Linear Programming; Chemical Product.Abstrak Dalam mengelola persediaan secara efisien, perusahaan perlu menentukan prioritas pengelolaan persediaan dengan mempertimbangkan beberapa kriteria. Klasifikasi ABC Multi Kriteria (MCIC) merupakan model klasifikasi persediaan barang yang umum digunakan oleh perusahaan dalam mengelola persediaan dalam jumlah besar. Penelitian ini menggunakan multi kriteria berupa nilai total produk, lead time dan biaya per unit. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengelompokan jenis/kelas barang sesuai dengan tingkat kepentingan dengan mempertimbangkan multi kriteria.  Metode Multi kriteria yang telah dikembangkan oleh Ramanathan-Model dan Ng-Model dibandingkan dengan hasil klasifikasi Single criteria ABC (Traditional model). Data yang digunakan adalah data tahunan transaksi produk kimia PT XYZ di tahun 2018. Penyelesaian model ABC multi kriteria (MCIC) dengan pemrograman linear. Terdapat 86 items produk kimia yang diklasifikasikan dengan hasil klasifikasi A sejumlah 12 item (14%), B sejumlah 26 item (30%) dan item C sejumlah 48 item (56%). Pada penelitan ini juga disampaikan kebijakan inventory masing-masing kelas berdasarkan hasil klasifikasi ABC model yang telah dilakukan.Kata Kunci: Model ABC; MCIC; Model tradisional; Model Ramanathan; Model Ng; Pemrograman Linear; Produk kimia.
Meadows et al. Bayesian chronological modeling on a calibration plateau
Authors: Meadows John
Published: November 2019

(a final version of this paper has now been published by Radiocarbon, with full open access: Meadows, J., Rinne, C., Immel, A., Fuchs, K., Krause-Kyora, B., Drummer, C., 2020. High-precision Bayesian chronological modeling on a calibration plateau: the Niedertiefenbach gallery grave, Radiocarbon. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2020.76). We combine the results of a 14C dating programme with archaeogenetic, osteological and sparse stratigraphic data, to construct a Bayesian chronological model for a multi-generational sequence situated entirely on a plateau in the 14C calibration curve. Calibrated dates of individual human bones from the Late Neolithic gallery grave at Niedertiefenbach, Hesse, Germany, span the entire calibration plateau in the late 4th millennium (c.3350-3100/3000 cal BC), but our model restricts the overall period of burial to 3–6 generations centered on the later 3200s, and provides narrower absolute date ranges for specific individuals and associated events. We confirm the accuracy and robustness of this model by sensitivity tests of each of its components. Beyond providing a more dynamic narrative for the formation of the heterogenous burial population at Niedertiefenbach, our results show that calibration plateaus are suitable periods for Bayesian chronological modeling of even relatively brief sequences, provided that all the information employed is correct. Prior information constraining both the order of events, and of potential date differences between them, is essential for the model to give accurate, unimodal estimates of the dates of these events.
INDIVIDUALISME PENGHAMBAT GOTONG ROYONG DAN TERCAPAINYA BONUME COMMUNE
Authors: Putra Natanael Bania Asaf
Published: November 2019

Sikap individualisme sering dikaitkan dengan gotong royong dalam paper ini dijelaskan keterkaitan antara individualisme yang akan menghambat bonume commune atau kesejahteraan dan gotong royong. Sikap gotong royong ini seringkalimelekat pada semua insan,dan merupakan sikap penting dalam mencapai tujuan bersama terutama tujuan untuk bonume commune atau kesejahteraan umum negara ini yang dengan gotong royong di dalam masyarakat secara merata itu akan lebih mudah tercapai dibandingkan kita terinfeksi oleh individualisme yang melekat pada sesorang di polis. Sebaiknya dihilangkan karena pendiri bangsa ini berpondasikan gotong royong jadi kita harus menjaga pondasi terebut sampai tujuan bersama kita tercapai yaitu Indonesia maju dengan segala aspeknya.
KONFLIK AGAMA PEMICU RUNTUHNYA PERSATUAN BANGSA INDONESIA
Authors: kartika magdalena yuni
Published: November 2019

Konflik agama yang terjadi terhadap Negara Indonesia saat ini adalah kelanjutan perdebatan yang terjadi antara kaum nasionalis dan golongan islam di awal Indonesia merdeka. Hal ini terjadi karna ada banyak pihak yang merasa bahwa golongannya layak untuk menjadi pemimpin. Konflik agama yang saat ini terjadi justru karna didorong oleh unsur politik sehingga memecah belah kesatuan Indonesia. Paham tang mendominasi masyarakat Indonesia akan sangat berpengaruh terhadap interaksi antar umat beragama. Radikalisme yang dianut oleh sebagian orang membuat pengaruh buruk terhadap masyarakat lainnya sehingga kesatuan dan persatuan akan pecah oleh konflik agama yang terjadi ini. Ini merupakan maalah penting bagi Indonesia dan harus segera mendapat jalan keluarnya.
BUDAYA GOTONG ROYONG
Authors: Rahayu Ika Bekti
Published: November 2019

Gotong royong merupakan suatu bentuk kegiatan yang dilakukan suka rela antara individu dan kelompok atau antar kelompok untuk menangani suatu masalah dan untuk mencapai kepentingan bersama. Selain itu pengertian gotong royong juga dijelaskan oleh beberapa tokoh – tokoh penting dalam mewujudkan Indonesia Merdeka seperti Soekarno dan Muhammad Hatta. Singkatnya gotong royong adalah nilai – nilai asli, landasan atau dasar Bangsa Indonesia yang sudah lama ada sejak lama dan sudah mengakar di Indonesia sebelum Negara Indonesia didirikan. Di paper ini berisi penjelasan bahwasanya nilai – nilai gotong royong masih terasa nyata dan terjaga sebagaimana mestinya di Indonesia. Sebab inilah gotong royong merupakan ciri khas Bangsa Indonesia yang membedakannya dari bangsa - bangsa lain.
Perseverative responding in Nigerian chronic alcohol and marijuana users
Authors: Nweze Tochukwu , Eze Cyprian C. , Lange Florian
Published: November 2019

Chronic consumption of alcohol and marijuana, especially when initiated at an early age, has been implicated in cognitive alterations in the domain of executive functioning. Despite the robustness of this finding in Western populations, its generalizability to other cultural contexts is largely unknown. In this study, we examined whether the regular use of alcohol or marijuana use relates to impaired executive functioning in male students of a Nigerian university. Chronic alcohol users (n = 39), chronic marijuana users (n = 35) and drug-abstinent control participants (n = 40) recruited through snow-ball sampling technique completed a computerized version of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (cWCST). As an established measure of executive functioning, the cWCST allows for the simultaneous assessment of three distinct executive processes: set shifting, rule inference, and set maintenance. Results revealed a selective set-shifting deficit in both alcohol and marijuana users. Both groups committed significantly more perseverative errors than the control group, and group differences were significantly stronger on this indicator of set shifting than on indicators of rule inference or set maintenance. Our findings support the generalizability of drug-related deficits in executive functioning and contribute to the characterization of executive dysfunction in non-Western populations. Future longitudinal studies are required to clarify whether executive dysfunction is an antecedent or consequence of alcohol and marijuana use in young Nigerians
Mix is Different from Nix: Mouse Tracking Differentiates Ambivalence from Neutrality
Authors: Schneider Iris K. , Mattes André
Published: November 2019

Ambivalence, the activation of both positive and negative thoughts and feelings regarding a single attitude object, plays a role in many domains in people's lives. For instance, people can be ambivalent about societal topics, health, politics, family, and even their partners. Recently, mouse tracking has been introduced as a novel and innovative way to examine ambivalence. Although initial findings showed that mouse tracking can indeed track ambivalence in designs comparing ambivalence to positivity or negativity (i.e., univalence), it is hitherto unclear whether mouse tracking can also differentiate between ambivalence and neutrality. This is important because a) ambivalence and neutrally have distinctly different patterns of motivational activation, and b) if mouse trajectories are the same, mouse tracking might not track ambivalence, but rather difficulty or uncertainty. In this paper, we examine whether neutrality can be distinguished from ambivalence in mouse tracking paradigms. Two-hundred fifty participants evaluated neutral, ambivalent, and univalent stimuli as either positive or negative, while their mouse movements were recorded. After this, they rated the same stimuli on different self-report measures of ambivalence. First, our findings show that mouse tracking can distinguish ambivalence from univalence, replicating previous findings. More importantly, we find distinctly different patterns for ambivalent vs. neutral stimuli, demonstrating that mouse tracking can also distinguish ambivalence from neutrality. Our findings further establish mouse tracking as an innovative tool that helps researchers further their understanding of ambivalence.
Musiciens entreprenants ou entrepreneurs mélomanes ?
Authors: Corbière Lætitia
Published: November 2019

À l’intersection des sphères économique et artistique, les imprésarios sont de fervents défenseurs de l’art mais aussi des entrepreneurs âpres au gain, quand l’héritage romantique prétend établir une stricte séparation entre l’ambition bourgeoise et l’aspiration artistique. Ambivalente et pourtant incontournable, leur fonction est emblématique du développement international du commerce musical à partir de la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle. En soulignant la dimension transatlantique de ce phénomène, cet article analyse les processus sociaux, économiques et culturels qui ont porté l’intermédiation au cœur de l’industrie musicale.
Le système capitaliste passé au crible de l’analyse syndicale. France 1945–2019
Authors: Béroud Sophie , Lefèvre Josette
Published: November 2019

Cet article propose une approche diachronique, sur plus d’un demi-siècle, du discours des confédérations syndicales françaises de salariés pour qualifier le système capitaliste. Deux grandes périodes historiques sont étudiées afin de rendre compte à la fois de la spécificité des termes retenus, de leur évolution et des visions du monde auxquelles ils renvoient. Un premier coup de sonde sur l’immédiat après Seconde Guerre mondiale montre ainsi un discours dépréciatif sur le capitalisme commun à la centrale syndicale chrétienne, la CFTC, et à la centrale de sensibilité communiste, la CGT. Un deuxième éclairage porte sur les années 1960 et insiste sur la richesse des analyses produites par la CFDT, critique de l’action des firmes multinationales mais aussi des pratiques consuméristes. Enfin, une dernière partie met en regard les mots choisis par les syndicats de salariés avec ceux présents dans le discours des organisations syndicales d’employeurs.
Spine radiosurgery in adolescents and young adults: early outcomes and toxicity in patients with metastatic Ewing sarcoma and osteosarcoma
Authors: Parsai Shireen , Juloori Aditya , Angelov Lilyana , Scott Jacob G. , Krishnaney Ajit A. , Udo-Inyang Inyang , Zhuang Tingliang , Qi Peng , Kolar Matthew , Anderson Peter , Zahler Stacey , Chao Samuel T. , Suh John H. , Murphy Erin S.
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVE

There are limited data on spine stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in treating adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients. SRS has the advantages of highly conformal radiation dose delivery in the upfront and retreatment settings, means for dose intensification, and administration over a limited number of sessions leading to a decreased treatment burden. In this study, the authors report the oncological and toxicity outcomes for AYA patients with metastatic sarcoma treated with spine radiosurgery and provide clinicians a guide for considerations in dose, volume, and fractionation.

METHODS

An institutional review board–approved database of patients treated with SRS in the period from October 2014 through December 2018 was queried. AYA patients, defined by ages 15–29 years, who had been treated with SRS for spine metastases from Ewing sarcoma or osteosarcoma were included in this analysis. Patients with follow-ups shorter than 6 months after SRS were excluded. Local control, overall survival, and toxicity were reported.

RESULTS

Seven patients with a total of 11 treated lesions were included in this study. Median patient age was 20.3 years (range 15.1–26.1 years). Three patients had Ewing sarcoma (6 lesions) and 4 patients had osteosarcoma (5 lesions). The median dose delivered was 35 Gy in 5 fractions (range 16–40 Gy, 1–5 fractions). The median follow-up was 11.1 months (range 6.8–26.0 months). Three local failures were observed within the follow-up period. No acute grade 3 or greater toxicity was observed. One patient developed late grade 3 toxicity consisting of radiation enteritis. This patient had previously received radiation to an overlapping volume with conventional fractionation. SRS re-irradiation for this patient was also performed concurrently with chemotherapy administration. No late grade 4 or higher toxicities were observed. No pain flare or vertebral compression fracture was observed. Three patients died within the follow-up period.

CONCLUSIONS

SRS for spine metastases from Ewing sarcoma and osteosarcoma can be considered as a treatment option in AYA patients and is associated with acceptable toxicity rates. Further studies must be conducted to determine long-term local control and toxicity for this treatment modality.
Is there a difference in the grade of degeneration at the cervical spine following anterior cervical fusion with respect to clinical outcome, diagnosis, and repeat procedure? An MRI study of 102 patients with a mean follow-up of 25 years
Authors: Burkhardt Benedikt W. , Simgen Andreas , Wagenpfeil Gudrun , Hendrix Philipp , Dehnen Matthias , Reith Wolfgang , Oertel Joachim M.
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVE

There is currently no consensus on whether adjacent-segment degeneration (ASD), loss of disc height (DH), and loss of sagittal segmental angle (SSA) are due to anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). The purpose of the present study was to assess the grade of segmental degeneration after ACDF and to analyze if there is a difference with respect to clinical outcome, diagnosis, and number of operated levels.

METHODS

A total of 102 patients who underwent ACDF with a minimum follow-up of 18 years were retrospectively identified. At final follow-up, the clinical outcome according to Odom’s criteria, the Neck Disability Index (NDI), and reoperation for symptomatic ASD (sASD) was assessed. MRI was performed, and DH, SSA, and the segmental degeneration index (SDI, a 5-step grading system that includes disc signal intensity, anterior and posterior disc protrusion, narrowing of the disc space, and foraminal stenosis) were assessed for evaluation of the 2 adjacent and 4 adjoining segments to the ACDF. MRI findings were compared with respect to clinical outcome (NDI: 0%–20% vs > 20%; Odom’s criteria: success vs no success), reoperation for sASD, initial diagnosis (cervical disc herniation [CDH] vs cervical spondylotic myelopathy [CSM] and spondylosis), and the number of operated levels (1 vs 2–4 levels).

RESULTS

The mean follow-up was 25 years (range 18–45 years), and the diagnosis was CDH in 74.5% of patients and CSM/spondylosis in 25.5%. At follow-up, the mean NDI was 12.4% (range 0%–36%), the clinical success rate was 87.3%, and the reoperation rate for sASD was 15.7%. For SDI, no significant differences were seen with respect to NDI, Odom’s criteria, and sASD. Patients diagnosed with CDH had significantly more degeneration at the adjacent segments (cranial, p = 0.015; caudal, p = 0.017). Patients with a 2- to 4-level procedure had less degeneration at the caudal adjacent (p = 0.011) and proximal adjoining (p = 0.019) segments. Aside from a significantly lower DH at the proximal cranial adjoining segment in cases of CSM/spondylosis and without clinical success, no further differences were noted. The degree of SSA was not significantly different with respect to clinical outcome.

CONCLUSIONS

No significant differences were seen in the SDI grade and SSA with respect to clinical outcome. The SDI is higher after single-level ACDF and with the diagnosis of CDH. The DH was negligibly different with respect to clinical outcome, diagnosis, and number of operated levels.
Learning management systems with emphasis on the Moodle at UniSA
Authors: Ghosh Anusua , Nafalski Andrew , Nedic Zorica , Wibawa Aji Prasetya
Published: November 2019

With recent advances in technology and the Internet, the concept of teaching and learning have evolved significantly. Conventional face-to-face teaching is becoming a thing of the past as knowledge is everywhere and accessible from anywhere. Thus, a shift to e-learning is gaining momentum. Educational institute, companies, individuals and training organizations are embracing new technology and creating a shared online platform to facilitate learning, referred to as the Learning Management Systems (LMS). LMS are software that provide an online portal to collaborate in teaching and learning seamlessly, making it more productive and engaging. This paper aims to review the top ten LMSs both cloud based and open source with regards to their compatibility, usefulness, security, accessibility, scalability, stability/reliability and de-sign in general with emphasis on the recent development of the Moodle and NetLab at University of South Australia (UniSA). The open source online learning platform Moodle is adopted by UniSA to provide educators a space for collaborative learning using the optimized tools to create activities. Moreover, the Netlab online remote laboratory developed at UniSA, provides a platform for academic staff for teaching and demonstrations during lectures and for students to conduct practical experiments remotely on real laboratory equipment.
The Social Construction of Pine Forest Wastes in Southwestern France During the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
Authors: Krasnodębski Marcin
Published: November 2019

Forest wastes trace a frontier between what remains a passive part of landscape and a potentially useful resource. As a consequence, the history of forest waste gives us numerous insights into the evolution of the perception of a forest as an economic unit. Pine forests and their products are particularly telling in this regard. Rosin, pine stumps, undergrowth, sawdust, cones, needles and tall-oil are some of the pine forest products that were considered wastes at some point in history, but the perception of which shifted following the development of socio-economic context, forest industry policies or scientific knowledge. In spite of their diversity, there are recurring patterns in the way these various forest wastes became objects of interest to the industry. The identification of these patterns allows us to tell in a more accurate way the complex story of the relationship between the wood industry and the natural environment.
A Value Operations Methodology (VOM) approach to usage driven maintenance
Authors: Curran R. , Stuivenberg T. , Tinga T. , Ghobbar A. , Udluft H.
Published: November 2019

Maintenance of aircraft components is mostly executed based on a fixed and predefined schedule throughout a fleet. The schedule is derived from a design spectrum and failure data that is unknown to an operator. Historical usage of an individual component is not taken into account. In this research, a usage driven maintenance framework is proposed to add value to the maintenance process, in the context of Value Operations Methodology (VOM). The loads on critical components of the aircraft resulting from actual usage combined with component specific failure mechanisms are used to determine the damage on a component. Maintenance is executed when damage exceeds a certain threshold. This usage driven maintenance framework adds value to the maintenance process, as unnecessary maintenance is reduced. A maintenance framework is created for the case of the Lycoming T-55 engine of the Boeing CH-47 Chinook helicopter. Historical usage and maintenance data of different operational conditions is used to describe the failure mechanisms of the most critical components of the engine. The results show that by introducing the proposed usage driven concept life-cycle maintenance cost in the case of the T-55 engine can be reduced by 20% while availability is also increased, thereby increasing overall operational value.
The use of process simulation methods in support of organisational learning in availability contracting
Authors: McEwan W. , Butterfield J.
Published: November 2019

Traditional business models in the aerospace industry are based on a conventional supplier to customer relationship based on the design, manufacture and subsequent delivery of the physical product. Service provision, from the manufacturer's perspective, is typically limited to the supply of procedural documentation and the provision of spare parts to the end user as the product passes through the latter stages of its intended lifecycle. Challenging economic and political conditions have resulted in end users re-structuring their core business activities, particularly in the defence sector. This has resulted in the need for original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) to integrate and manage support service activities in partnership with the customer to deliver platform availability. This improves the probability of commercial sustainability for the OEM through shared operational risks while reducing the cost of platform ownership for the customer. The need for OEMs to evolve their design, manufacture and supply strategies by focusing on customer requirements has revealed a need for reconstruction of traditional internal behaviours and design methodologies. Application of organisational learning is now a well recognised principle for innovative companies to achieve long term growth and sustained technical development, and hence, greater market command. It focuses on the process by which the organisation's knowledge and value base changes, leading to improved problem solving ability and capacity for action. From the perspective of availability contracting, knowledge and the processes by which it is generated, used and retained, become primary assets within the learning organisation. This paper will introduce the application of digital methods to asset management by demonstrating how the process of learning can benefit from a digital approach, how product and process design can be integrated within a virtual framework and finally how the approach can be applied in a service context.
Proposition of a mathematical model for selecting possible low-cost airlines routes
Authors: Carmona Benitez Rafael Bernardo , Lodewijks Gabriel
Published: November 2019

This paper examines the effects that low-cost carriers (LCC's) produce when entering new routes operated only by full-service carriers (FSC's) and routes operated by low-cost carriers in competition with full-service carriers. A mathematical model has been developed to determine what routes should be operated by a low-cost carrier with better possibilities to subsist, as a first step towards reaching the most convenient route; additional factors must be considered after running the proposed model, such as route passenger demand and aircraft characteristics not took into account in this paper. The proposed model was set up by analyzing The United States domestic air transport market. Distance is the only variable taken into account by the model. This model analyses the relation between the real fare data ($) and the distance (miles). The model generates three lines that includes amongst them 68% of the approximately 18,000 routes by calculating a standard deviation and estimates the minimum, maximum and average fare for a low-cost carrier given the distance the model determines in which routes a low-cost carrier could be successful by comparing, route by route, different airline fares against the low-cost minimum, maximum and average fare estimated per distance.
Safety assessment of a future taxi into position and hold operation by agent-based dynamic risk modelling
Authors: Stroeve Sybert H. , van Doorn Bas A. , Bakker G.J. (Bert)
Published: November 2019

Agent-based dynamic risk modelling supports the design of future air traffic operations by risk analysis methods that account for the performance variability of the interacting operators and systems, and the resulting emergence of safety occurrences. The paper shows the application of this modelling approach in a risk assessment cycle of a future A-SMGCS level 3 supported taxiing into position and hold operation. Accident risk results have been obtained by Monte Carlo simulations of a multi-agent dynamic risk model. The uncertainty in the risk has been evaluated using sensitivity analysis and feedback of operational experts.
A predictive model to improve the punctuality of wide-body aircraft's maintenance and fleet reliability
Authors: Ghobbar Adel A. , Alves Vera
Published: November 2019

This research was carried with the aim of analyzing Martinair M&E impact on the network performance and providing an efficient tool to predict delays and the On-Time Performance (OTP). The methodology undertaken in this research is based on conventional analytical methods to identify the ‘real’ delay root causes and their relative importance. The growth of delays and unplanned ground times are analysed in different ways, not only using rates and duration but also per month, per quarter, per year, per station and per Maintenance Delay Categorization Groups (MDCG). Fishbone diagrams are drawn to completely identify and understand the root causes. Statistical analysis (Binomial Logistic Regression and GLM-ANOVA) is applied to investigate the significance of the maintenance factors and their interactions and to build a regression equation which allows the development of the predictive model. The predictive model gives valid OTP results and enables managers and engineers to take preventive measures in order to enhance punctuality.
Contingency plans for air traffic flow and capacity management using constraint programming
Authors: Blomdahl Karl Sundequist , Flener Pierre , Pearson Justin
Published: November 2019

We present a constraint-based local search heuristic that contributes to solving the problem of generating contingency plans for air traffic flow and capacity management, which are to be used in the case of a catastrophic infrastructure failure within EUROCONTROL, the European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation. Experiments with the heuristic, implemented in Comet, on real-world flight plans for the entire European airspace show that it is feasible to automate the development of contingency plans, which is currently done by human experts. This is desirable as the development time goes down from two person months per year to a few CPU hours, and as it allows contingency plans to be generated with an increased frequency.
The SKY-Scanner time-critical decision support system for surveillance and risk evaluation during landing and take-off
Authors: Lapin Kristina , Čyras Vytautas , Savičienė Laura
Published: November 2019

This paper is devoted to an experimental work conducted within the FP6 SKY-Scanner project. The aim of the project is to develop new lidar (laser radar, LIght Detection And Ranging) equipment. Radar and lidar data fusion is a requirement. One work package was devoted to decision support model design and development. The proof of the concept decision support system (DSS) being developed adopts lidar capabilities, facilitates the tasks of the ATC controller in the aerodrome traffic zone (ATZ) and contributes to aircraft surveillance. The DSS is being designed as a framework for the operational implementation of norms. Factors such as separation between aircraft, track, glide path, altitude, etc. are subject to regulation in air traffic control (ATC). Legal sources are different: the rules of the air, airport procedure charts, etc. The scientific contribution is viewed from the standpoint of computational modelling. The risk model considered is a discrete representation of a (linear) deviation from the normative value. The traffic light visualization is used: the red light signifies intolerable, the yellow – tolerable, and the green – acceptable risk. The proposed method is illustrated on the Naples Capodichino airport sample day data.
Adressing stakeholders coordination for airport efficiency and decision-support requirements
Authors: Pestana Gabriel , Rebelo Isabel , Duarte Nuno , Couronné Sylvie
Published: November 2019

In the airport environment, apron personnel have to face with airlines requesting a shortening of turnround times while maintaining quality of service, including compliance with safety procedures. Such stressing situation tends to increase with the expected grow of air passenger traffic. On top, environmental sustainability has become an issue for ground operations. Airports start therefore to collaborate in research projects to improve airport operational efficiency. Location-based technologies can help airport stakeholders with innovative approaches for monitoring the execution of operational procedures, validating at the same time their compliance with business and safety rules. Such approach creates in fact a consistent view about on-going tasks, enabling airport stakeholders to take better operational decisions based on information that is continuously updated together with the exact spatio-temporal context they occur. This paper presents the outcome of three research projects and analyse the complementarity of their results.
Stability and decay for a class of nonlinear hyperbolic problems
Authors: Zuazua Enrike
Published: November 2019

On considère des équations d'évolution abstraites de la forme u″+Lu+B(t,u′)=0, où L∈ℒ(V,V′), V étant un espace de Hilbert tel que V⊂L2(Ω) (Ω ouvert borné de Rn) avec injection continue et dense et {B(t,·)}t≥0 est une famille d'opérateurs non-linéaires qui envoient V dans V′. Lorsque L est coercif dans V, on donne, en imposant des conditions de coercivité et de croissance sur {B(t,·)}t≥0, des estimations sur la vitesse de convergence vers zéro de la différence de deux solutions quelconques du problème. La technique qu'on utilise repose sur la construction de fonctionnelles d'énergie (de Liapunov) adaptées au problème et pour lesquelles on obtient des inégalités différentielles conduisant aux estimations désirées. Les résultats s'appliquent, par exemple, à l'équation des ondes semilinéaire dissipative

utt−Δu+g(ut)=h dans R+×Ω,

u=0 sur R+ ×∂Ω

On démontre, en particulier, que si h∈L∞(R+,L2(Ω)), g(s)~|s|p−1s lorsque |s|→0 avec p > 1 et g(s)~|s|q−1s lorsque |s|→+∞ avec q≥1, (n−2)q≤n+2, la norme dans l'espace de l'énergie de la différence de deux solutions quelconques du problème tend vers zéro comme t−1/(p−1) lorsque t→+∞. Par ailleurs, lorsque le noyau de l'opérateur L est non-trivial, on estime la vitesse de convergence des solutions vers le noyau. Lorsque le noyau est unidimensionnel, on démontre la convergence de chaque trajectoire precompacte vers un état d'equilibre. Ces résultats s'appliquent à une équation des ondes de la forme

utt−Δu−λ1u+g(ut)=0 dans R+×Ω,

u=0 sur R+×∂Ω

λ1 étant la première valeur propre de −Δ dans H10(Ω). On démontre, en particulier, que si g(s)~|s|p−1s lorsque |s|→0 avec p∈[1,2[ et g(s)~|s|q−1s lorsque |s|→+∞ avec q≥1, (n−2)q≤n+2, alors pour chaque solution u il existe c∈R tel que u(t)→cζ1 dans H10(Ω) lorsque t→+∞, où ζ1 désigne une fonction propre associée à λ1.
On the absence of log terms in the constant curvature case
Authors: Brüning Jochen , Schröder Herbert
Published: November 2019

The classical result of Minakshisundaram and Pleijel on the asymptotic expansion of the trace of the heat semigroup associated with the Laplacean on a compact Riemannian manifold M has been generalized by Brüning and Heintze to the case that a compact group is acting on M by isometries. They obtained an asymptotic expansion involving logarithmic terms. Here we prove that these terms vanish if M has constant sectional curvature or if M is a warped product M=[0,π]×fSn with n≥2 and suitable f.
The instant-response limit in Whitham's nonlinear traffic-flow model: uniform well-posedness and global existence
Authors: Schochet Steven
Published: November 2019

Solutions of Whitham's traffic-flow equations are shown to exist globally in time for small values of the response-time parameter, provided that parameter vanishes more rapidly than the cube of the diffusion parameter. In the hyperbolic-hyperbolic singular limit that occurs as the response-time vanishes, the solution converges to the entropy weak solution of the simplified equations.
Homogenization for degenerate equations of elasticity
Authors: Damlamian Alain , Hager William W. , Rostamian Rouben
Published: November 2019

We consider a spongy material with tiny holes filled with gas. A formula for the homogenized displacements is derived. It is shown that the solution to the original problem converges weakly in H1 to the solution of the homogenized problem as the diameter of the gas bubbles tends to zero.
Remarks on the low-frequency asymptotics for the reduced wave equation and the Schrödinger equation in low-dimensional spaces
Authors: Stuwe Hans-Christof , Werner Peter
Published: November 2019

We study the low-frequency asymptotics of the solutions of the exterior Robin problem for the reduced wave equation in two dimensions and of the time-independent Schrödinger equation in one and two dimensions with a nonnegative potential with compact support, by employing integral equation methods. Applications to time-dependent problems are indicated.
The attractor of the magnetic Bénard problem
Authors: Boudourides Moses A. , Nikoudes Apostolos C.
Published: November 2019

We consider the dynamical system associated with the magnetic Bénard problem and show the existence of a maximal attractor in two-dimensional flows. We derive estimates on the Lyapunov exponents, the Hausdorff and fractal dimension of the attractor in the two-dimensional case. Finally, we obtain similar physical bounds for three-dimensional flows.
Asymptotic analysis for two-dimensional elliptic eigenvalue problems with exponentially dominated nonlinearities
Authors: Nagasaki Ken'ichi , Suzuki Takashi
Published: November 2019

This paper is concerned with the asymptotic behavior of solutions of the nonlinear elliptic eigenvalue problem

−Δu=λf(u), u>0 in Ω, u=0 on ∂Ω,

for λ↓0, where Ω is a bounded domain in R2 and f(u) is an exponentially dominated nonlinear function. Under appropriate assumptions, we show that as λ↓0, {Σ}={λfΩeudx} for solutions {u} accumulate to 0, 8πm, or +∞, where m is a positive integer. Moreover, according to these cases, the {u} converge to 0 uniformly, blow up exactly at m points, or everywhere in Ω.