bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resilience vs. survival: same song, new melody?
Authors: Schötz Enrico
Published: January 2025

Does a firms resilience distinguish itself from its mere probability of survival in a way that justifies the expanding research? Answers to this question are found through a novel, systematic literature review focusing on the company’s life phase and its type of market exit. A comparison with current resilience literature shows that the concept of static resilience is closely related to survival probability considerations. It is suitable for examining indicators that act absorptive during disruptive phases of companies. The integration of dynamic resilience proves to be an achievement that sets the topic apart from pure corporate survival and develops it further. The close connection with innovative actions and differentiated results regarding its impact on survival probability jointly justifies the need for new measures of resilience for future empirical research.
Oral Cyclophosphamide for Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer in a Scenario of Limited Health Care Resources
Authors: Pineda Diana del Cisne , Polho Gabriel Berlingieri , Shinkado Yumi Ricucci , Contado Gustavo Alves , Crusoe Nathalia de Souza , Horita Vivian Naomi , Resende Joao Carlos , Silva Jamile Almeida , de Freitas Guilherme Fialho , Muniz David Queiroz , Suartz Caio V. , Ribeiro-Filho Leopoldo Alves , Hoff Paulo M. , Mota José Mauricio
Published: January 2025

PURPOSE

Prior noncontemporary studies showed that oral cyclophosphamide is an active treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, cyclophosphamide is currently underutilized in routine clinical practice given the lack of survival benefit and the emergence of more effective treatments.

METHODS

We retrospectively reviewed our institutional database to identify patients with mCRPC treated with cyclophosphamide. Prostate-specific antigen decrease ≥50% from baseline (PSA50) response was determined as the proportion of patients achieving a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) decline ≥50% from baseline. Radiographic responses and progression were evaluated by Prostate Cancer Working Group 3. Survival estimates used the Kaplan-Meier method, and correlations were made with Chi-square test for categorical variables.

RESULTS

From January 2011 to January 2023, 341 patients with mCRPC received oral cyclophosphamide at a tertiary cancer center in São Paulo, Brazil. The most common regimen (95%) was 100 mg once daily 21 days on, 7 days off. At prostate cancer diagnosis, the median age was 64.4 years (IQR, 59.4-70.8), 61.9% had metastatic de novo disease, and 55.5% had Gleason ≥8. The median number of previous treatment lines was three (IQR, 2-4). Any PSA decline was observed in 33.4%, and 13.2% had a PSA50 response. Median response duration was 2.1 months (IQR, 1.4-3.8). Ten patients (3%) were treated for ≥1 year. PSA50 response was associated with no prior docetaxel use and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0 or 1.

CONCLUSION

Oral cyclophosphamide is a feasible treatment option for patients with mCRPC, particularly in a scenario of limited health care resources.
Survival and Its Predictors Among Patients Receiving Transarterial Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Ethiopia: A 6-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Ashenafi Abigia , Demelash Soliyana , Melaku Efrata , Abe Haymanot , Yitna Meron , Tekle Fisseha , Dabessa Jiksa , Araya Biniam , Nigussie Yared , Demsiss Wondmagegn , Zelalem Ashenafi , Kim Song Jung , Dereje Nebiyu
Published: January 2025

PURPOSE

To analyze survival and its predictors among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) receiving transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in Ethiopia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

We conducted a retrospective cohort study among patients who received TACE for HCC at MCM Hospital from December 1, 2016, to December 31, 2022. Data were extracted from patients' medical records, and vital status was ascertained from the patients' charts or by phone call to the next of kin. We used Kaplan-Meier estimator to determine survival functions and log-rank test to compare the survival functions in different groups. Predictors of survival were identified using a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model as expressed by adjusted hazard ratio (aHR).

RESULTS

Of the total 257 patients included in the study, 68.9% were male, with a mean age of 56.5 (±14.06) years, and 86% were diagnosed at the advanced stage of the cancer (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer-C). The median overall survival was 12.7 months (95% CI, 10.57 to 14.85), and the overall survival rate at 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, 5 years, and 6 years was found to be 58.0% (95% CI, 51.8% to 63.8%), 24.1% (95% CI, 19.1% to 29.6%), 8.2% (95% CI, 5.1% to 11.7%), 7.0% (95% CI, 3.9% to 10.1%), 1.6% (95% CI, 0.4% to 3.1%), and 1.2% (95% CI, 0.1% to 2.7%), respectively. The probability of death was significantly increased by alpha-fetoprotein level <400 ng/mL (aHR, 5.72 [95% CI, 1.52 to 21.51]), albumin level (aHR, 5.03 [95% CI, 1.41 to 18.01]), and bilobar distribution (aHR, 5.67 [95% CI, 1.40 to 23.04]).

CONCLUSION

The findings of the study underscore the need for the expansion of preventive measures and treatment facilities to address the overwhelming burden of HCC in Ethiopia.
The Bibliometric Evolution of Neurosurgery Publications From 1977 to 2023
Authors: Covell Michael M. , Maroufi Seyed Farzad , Kurland David , Sangwon Karl L. , Romero Bethsabe , Moisi Marc , Delashaw Johnny , Schmidt Meic , Bowers Christian A.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Neurosurgery is a world leader in disseminating neurosurgical science. Although the literature has seen significant increases in academic collaboration, data science, and authorship diversity, the bibliometric evolution of Neurosurgery remains unknown. This study sought to elucidate bibliometric trends in Neurosurgery from 1977 to 2023.

METHODS:

Wolters Kluwer and Web of Science were used to identify all publications in Neurosurgery from 1977 to 2023. Database utilization was analyzed from 2007 to 2023 using abstract keywords. The BERTopic tool analyzed prevailing subspecialty themes. Publication types including clinical/case report/review were analyzed. Statistical analysis included exponential and linear regression.

RESULTS:

From 1977 to 2023, 29 755 publications containing 127 171 authors were published in Neurosurgery. From 1977 to 2023, the mean authorship count per publication exponentially increased (2.4 to 8.4, 2.0% annually) (R
2 = 0.76), small authorship groups (≤ 5 authors) linearly decreased (90% to 37%) (R = 0.93), multinational authorship groups linearly increased (0% to 21.2%) (R = 0.95), and authorship affiliations per publication exponentially increased (1.3 to 4.6, 3.2% annually) (R
2 = 0.65). From 1990 to 2023, female first authorship linearly increased (7.5% to 15.7%) (R = 0.93), Bachelor degree first authorship increased (0.6% to 12.5%), and MD/PhD senior authorship increased (6.2% to 24.7%), with more review articles and less case reports. Cerebrovascular topics dominated from 1980 to 2020, with spine topics most represented in the 2020s. Database utilization demonstrated an exponential, 4.6-fold increase from 2007 (0.38%) to 2023 (2.14%) (R = 0.63).

CONCLUSION:

Neurosurgery publications have demonstrated increasing authorship counts, authorship diversity, collaboration, and database utilization since the journal's 1977 inception, prominently publishing on topics in cerebrovascular and spine research.
Robust Monopoly Regulation
Authors: Guo Yingni , Shmaya Eran
Published: January 2025

We study how to regulate a monopolistic firm using a robust-design, non-Bayesian approach. We derive a policy that minimizes the regulator’s worst-case regret, where regret is the difference between the regulator’s complete-information payoff and his realized payoff. When the regulator’s payoff is consumers’ surplus, he caps the firm’s average revenue. When his payoff is the total surplus of both consumers and the firm, he offers a piece rate subsidy to the firm while capping the total subsidy. For intermediate cases, the regulator combines these three policy instruments to balance three goals: protecting consumers’ surplus, mitigating underproduction, and limiting potential overproduction. (JEL D21, D42, D83, H25, L51)
Avaliação da maturidade em gestão de projetos na economia criativa
Authors: Salume Paula Karina , Lima Ana Clara Amaral , Lago Pedro
Published: January 2025

Este artigo investiga o nível de maturidade em gestão de projetos em instituições da economia criativa na microrregião de São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais, buscando identificar o nível de aderência ao Modelo de Maturidade em Gestão de Projetos (MMGP) proposto por Prado. A pesquisa, de caráter descritivo e quantitativo, aplicou o questionário MMGP, composto por 40 questões, a nove gestores de instituições da economia criativa. A análise dos dados coletados revelou um nível médio de maturidade de 2,37, classificando as instituições no nível 2 ("Conhecido") do modelo. Observou-se uma fraca aderência aos níveis de maturidade e uma aderência regular às dimensões do MMGP. Instituições com maior tempo de atuação (acima de 10 anos) e faturamento entre R$ 360 mil e R$ 48 milhões apresentaram maior maturidade, enquanto as menos maduras demonstraram falta de profissionais dedicados à gestão de projetos e deficiências em metodologias e estrutura organizacional. Os resultados indicam a necessidade de investimentos em capacitação em gestão de projetos e estruturação organizacional para fortalecer a gestão de projetos e impulsionar o desenvolvimento das instituições da economia criativa na região.
Patron 2023 roku i Dnia Nauki Polskiej. Parlamentarne upamiętnienie Mikołaja Kopernika
Authors: Białokur Marek , Maresz Teresa
Published: January 2025

Polscy parlamentarzyści w 2020 roku przyjęli ustawę o ustanowieniu Dnia Nauki Polskiej. Dwa lata później, w 2022 roku, Senat RP patronem 2023 ustanowił wybitnego astronoma Mikołaja Kopernika. Wskazuje to, że Parlament Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej ma w polskim porządku prawnym określone funkcje i uprawnienia. Funkcja ustawodawcza, a więc uchwalanie ustaw i uchwał, pozwala na określanie podstawowych kierunków działalności państwa. Funkcja kreacyjna polega na bezpośrednim powoływaniu i odwoływaniu organów konstytucyjnych państwa oraz osób, które wchodzą w skład tych organów. Trzecia z funkcji sprowadza się do kontroli działań władzy wykonawczej. Mając na względzie te powszechnie znane fakty, autorzy artykułu postanowili zwrócić uwagę, na istotną ich zdaniem ich, choć formalnie nie określoną, to jednak ważną funkcję kształtująco-wychowawczą. Znajduje ona wyraz w wielu działach posłów i senatorów. W odniesieniu do upamiętniania ważnych w dziejach narodu i państwa polskiego postaci, wydarzeń i idei, w sposób szczególny, w corocznych wyróżnieniach podejmowanych okolicznościowo w drodze uchwał. Zgodnie z tymi uchwałami ustanawiany jest patron danego roku. W 2023, obok kilkunastu innych wybitnych postaci,  jest nim Mikołaj Kopernik. Przedstawienie okoliczności przyjęcia tej uchwały, tj. procesu legislacyjnego oraz syntetyczna analiza filologiczna i statystyczna podjętych w XXI wieku uchwał sejmowych i senackich stanowi cel naszego artykułu.
Social Pedagogy in the Context of Values – as Seen by Selected Authors – Fields of Inquiry: The Perspective of Polish Social Pedagogy
Authors: Cichosz Mariusz
Published: January 2025

The subject of values is a key, even fundamental issue for the social sciences, especially the practically oriented ones – consequently, also for social pedagogy. They (values) can be identified best by analysing the subject-matter of social pedagogy, which is always dissected in the basic source scheme of this field, i.e., the one that deals with the relationship between the human/individual and the environment. It is in connection with this relationship that the theories and concepts of this pedagogy are developed and practical solutions are adopted for organising the human living environment. The analysis of the accepted interpretations of this relationship by different authors and Polish social educators that has been presented in this paper shows existing regularities in this regard.
Twelve Months On: Navigating the Disparity Between Vision and Reality for Religious Education Teachers in Australian Catholic Schools
Authors: Lancaster Joan , Challinor Kurt , Rymarz Richard
Published: January 2025

This study builds on previous research exploring the formation needs and experiences of Early Career Teachers (ECT) in Catholic Schools in an Australian regional context, particularly concerning their understanding of Catholic identity and the teaching of Religious Education. Conducted twelve months after the previous study, ‘And Now I’m Teaching in a Catholic School’ – The Experiences of Early Career Teachers (ECT) in Lismore Catholic Schools and What Can Be Learned to Support Their Formation: A Preliminary Study (Challinor, Lancaster & Rymarz, 2022), follow-up interviews with twelve ECTs indicated an ongoing cognitive dissonance between the expressed ideal of Catholic education and the lived reality in Catholic schools. The study highlights the importance of ongoing staff formation and mentoring for ECTs. Three vignettes are provided as composite accounts of the range of ECTs engaged in the study, and the various challenges and learning opportunities experienced in their early years of appointment are highlighted. Further research is planned in four years to understand how the experience of ECTs continues to evolve and what can be learned to support their retention and continual formation.
Excessive Body Weight as a Determinant of Quality of Life
Authors: Skoczylas Alicja , Siudziński Paweł , Łyko Mateusz , Tomaszewska Wiktoria , Pala Katarzyna , Podlasiewicz Wiktoria , Golińska Maria , Kurasz Jakub , Maj Wojciech , Dudziak Piotr , Nowak Anna
Published: January 2025

Introduction  and  objective. This article aims to discuss the issue of excessive body weight based on available literature. It highlights the physical and psychosocial consequences of obesity and addresses the topic of weight reduction.
Review  methods. Bibliographic material was retrieved from PubMed and Google Scholar using terms related to obesity, overweight, and quality of life. Forty-six articles published between 2015 and 2024 were selected.
Conclusions. Obesity is a source of numerous somatic and psychosocial complications. The article shows the negative impact of these consequences on quality of life. One of the main goals of obesity treatment is to improve quality of life. Therefore, the article describes manner to reduce body weight, sources of motivation and adversity on the treatment path and explores the topic of psychological support in obesity treatment.
Stressed Banks? Evidence from the Largest-Ever Supervisory Review
Authors: Abbassi Puriya , Iyer Rajkamal , Peydró José-Luis , Soto Paul E.
Published: January 2025

We study short-term and medium-term changes in bank risk-taking as a result of supervision and the associated real effects. For identification, we exploit the European Central Bank’s asset-quality-review (AQR) in conjunction with security and credit registers. After the AQR announcement, reviewed banks reduce riskier securities and credit supply, with the greatest effect on riskiest securities. We find negative spillovers on asset prices and firm-level credit availability. Moreover, nonbanks with higher exposure to reviewed banks acquire the shed risk. After the AQR compliance, reviewed banks reload riskier securities but not riskier credit, resulting in negative medium-term firm-level real effects. These effects are especially strong for firms with high ex ante credit risk. Among these nonsafe firms, even those with high ex ante productivity, experience negative real effects. Our findings suggest that banks’ liquid assets help them to mask risk from supervisors and risk adjustments banks make in response to supervision have persistent corporate real effects.

This paper was accepted by Victoria Ivashina, finance.

Funding: J.-L. Peydró acknowledges financial support from the BBVA Foundation [2018 Leonardo Grant for Researchers and Cultural Creators], the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme [Grant Agreement 648398], the MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE [Grant PGC2018-102133-B-I00], and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, through the Severo Ochoa Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D [Grant SEV-2015-0563]. The analysis, conclusions, and opinions set forth in the paper are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Bundesbank, Eurosystem, Federal Reserve Board, or the United States.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2020.01714 .
A review of the dental management of cleidocranial dysplasia
Authors: Alfadil Lina , Haria Paras Jiteshkumar , Haria Priya , Gill Daljit , Patel Brijesh , Critchlow Simon , Evans Robert
Published: January 2025

Cleidocranial dysplasia, linked to a mutation in the RUNX2 gene, is characterized by defective endochondral and intra-membranous bone formation. General features include a combination of aplasia or hypoplasia of one or both clavicles, a short skull, delayed ossification of the fontanelles and short stature. Dental anomalies include delayed exfoliation of primary teeth, multiple supernumerary teeth and multiple impacted teeth. The dental management of such cases is complicated. This review summarizes the multiple treatment strategies for the dental management of cleidocranial dysplasia. Combined orthodontic and surgical approaches, as well as prosthetic rehabilitation, are discussed.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: To highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary, individualized approach to the dental management of patients with cleidocranial dysplasia.
Dyeing Characteristics and Performance of Natural Dye derived from Spent Coffee Grounds on Cotton, Silk and Nylon Fabrics using Eco-friendly Dyeing Process
Authors:   Department of Textile Science, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand, Setthayanond Jantip , Tooptompong Porntip ,   Department of Textile Science, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand, Suwanruji Potjanart ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand, Srisuwan Panticha ,   Department of Textile Science, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
Published: January 2025

A large amount of spent coffee grounds has been generated
from the coffee industry; therefore, much research has been conducted
to investigate their applications. For textiles, nowadays an eco-trend
has been receiving a greater attention, especially in the textile chemical
processing, i.e. dyeing. Natural dye is an option for safer textiles but their
performance is still under concerns. In this study, the utilization of a food
waste, spent coffee grounds, as a raw material for natural dyeing was
investigated. The dye extracted from spent coffee grounds (SCG dye)
was analyzed for their chemical composition. The dyeing properties of
SCG dye were conducted on cotton, silk, and nylon fabrics. Optimized
dyeing performance of SCG dye on the fabrics was investigated at various
dyebath pHs. An appropriate dyebath pH for dyeing SCG dye was pH 4
for all the fabric types. SCG dye showed superior dyeing on silk followed
by nylon, while it dyed cotton poorly. Non-metal, bio-mordant-enhanced
dyeing performance of SCG dye was achieved by post-mordanting the
fabrics with tannin from cassava leaves (CL tannin). CL tannin apparently
improved the color strength of the dye on silk fabric. The color fastness
to washing, crocking, and light of the dyed fabrics in the absence and
presence of CL tannin was also reported. SCG dye could enhance the
antibacterial properties against S. Aureus for cotton, silk, and nylon,
whereas it could not help prevent the growth of E. Coli at the color depth studied. It is evident that CL tannin present
on the dyed fabrics improved the antibacterial
properties of the dyed fabrics. All of the SCG dyed
fabrics displayed excellent UV protection (UPF 50+).
From this research, it points out that the SCG dye
is a preferable natural dye for further development
of eco-textiles with an almost entirely eco-friendly
dyeing process.
Sketch-to-Image for Innovative Thai Textile Design
Authors:   Faculty of Science and Technology, Phranakhon Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand, Pornudomthap Sittiphong , Rattanatamma Ronnagorn ,   Faculty of Science and Technology, Phranakhon Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand, Sangkloy Patsorn ,   Independence Researcher, Bangkok, Thailand
Published: January 2025

In this work, we propose a diffusion-based approach for generating
Thai textile designs from user-provided partial sketches. Our method
incorporates two key innovations: (1) training augmentation with
synthetically generated partial sketches that mimic human drawings,
and (2) text-based color control through user descriptions. To enhance
robustness and generalization, we employ a multi-stage training pipeline.
First, we leverage a pre-trained Stable Diffusion model. We then finetune
the model on a larger dataset of Indonesian fabrics (which shares
stylistic similarities with Thai textiles) before specializing in a dataset of
Thai textiles. Additionally, we implement curriculum learning, where
the model starts with complete sketches and gradually progresses to
more challenging partial sketches. Ablation studies demonstrate the
effectiveness of our approach, yielding robust and colorful designs that
adapt to various sketch styles and color instructions. This work opens
exciting avenues for future research in AI-assisted textile design, fostering
a seamless blend of human creativity and machine intelligence.
Simple and objective determination of criteria weights for evaluating alternatives when using the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Cremades Lázaro V. , Ponsich Antonin
Published: January 2025

In both design and project management, it is usually necessary to make decisions based on criteria that, in many cases, are not completely objective. One of the most widely used methods to assist in multi-criteria decision making is the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The construction of the pairwise comparison matrix is the most critical element of the AHP method. Its construction usually requires a group of experts to make value judgments among the criteria for evaluating alternatives. This article presents a simple and objective method to construct the AHP pairwise comparison matrix, thereby reducing the degree of subjectivity. This contribution focuses on the step of assigning the scale values (1-9) to build the criteria matrix. The only step that requires human intervention is the ranking of the criteria. The rest of the steps can be programmed, e.g., in a spreadsheet, and performed automatically. Two options are presented to relate the criteria based on their positions in the ranking: option A by means of the ratios of the order of the criteria, and option B by means of the differences in the order of the criteria. The applicability of both options is evaluated using hypothetical cases compared to the rank-order centroid weight method, and an example taken from the literature. Both options of the method give good results, but option B seems to be more appropriate for problems with more than five criteria. Option A would be the most appropriate for problems with three to five criteria.
O papel do estudante apoiador na promoção da educação inclusiva na educação superior Brasileira
Authors: De Jesus Teixeira Wilma , Galvão Filho Teófilo
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho explora o papel desempenhado pelo estudante apoiador no contexto do ensino superior brasileiro, com foco na inclusão e no apoio aos alunos com deficiência. É parte da revisão de literatura do projeto de qualificação de mestrado em andamento intitulado de “O programa de estudante apoiador para discentes com deficiência da universidade federal do recôncavo da Bahia: uma análise a partir da perspectiva do estudante apoiador”. Com base na legislação brasileira, teorias educacionais relevantes e pesquisas recentes, argumentamos que a presença e o suporte adequado de estudantes apoiadores são elementos cruciais para garantir que os alunos com deficiência alcancem o máximo desenvolvimento de suas habilidades e tenham igualdade de oportunidades educacionais. Além disso, este artigo destaca a importância da formação e supervisão de estudantes apoiadores e examina as diferentes nomenclaturas e programas existentes nas Instituições de Educação Superior brasileiras.
Testes preliminares de uma estação do rádio JOVE 2.0 para monitorar o eclipse solar anular de 2023 na Paraíba
Authors: Lago Araújo Marcelo , Geraldête Pereira Marildo , Pinto Guedes Germano
Published: January 2025

Eclipses solares exercem um forte apelo de interesse público, em quem busca testemunhar um acontecimento astronômico, e na comunidade científica, em quem busca por oportunidades de realizar estudos que envolvam o Sol. Para os professores, também há possibilidades diversas para incentivar o conhecimento científico, a partir de um fenômeno que afeta momentaneamente como percebemos o Sol. Com a Radioastronomia, na faixa do espectro inferior a 30 MHz, estudos do comportamento da ionosfera são propostos por programas educacionais como o Radio JOVE. Neste artigo, descrevemos observações preliminares do Sol em rádio, resultantes de testes de uma estação para observação do eclipse anular de 2023, uma prática com recursos relevantes para o ensino de Astronomia.
Doing better rather than promising more: A basic principle applicable to both climate modelling and climate policies
Authors: Douville Hervé
Published: January 2025

A growing number of scientists are expressing concerns about the inadequacy of climate change policies. Fewer are questionning the dominant climate modelling paradigm and the IPCC’s success to prevent humanity from venturing unprepared into hitherto unknown territories. However, in view of an urgent need to provide readily available data on constraining uncertainty in local and regional climate change impacts in the next few years, there is a debate on the most suitable path to inform both mitigation and adaptation strategies. Examples are given how both common statistical methods and emerging technologies can be readily used to exploit the wealth of existing knowledge to drive adaptation policy. Parsimonious and equitable approaches on constraining uncertainty are promoted that combine various lines of evidence, including model diversity, large ensembles, storylines, and novel statistical methods applied on well-calibrated, global and regional, Earth System simulations, to deliver more reliable climate information. As examplified by the Paris agreement on desirable global warming targets, it is argued that the display of unrealistic ambitions may not be the best way for climate modellers to accomplish their long-term objectives, especially given the growing consensus on climate emergency and the allocated short time for the knowledge to be delivered and applied.
Nonverbal expressions of shame predict suicidal ideation among rurally-situated, but not urban situated, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) adults
Authors: Ruben Mollie A. , Stage Michelle A. , Batchelder Abigail W. , Gilbert Craig , Shipherd Jillian C. , Livingston Nicholas A. , Weaver Adele E. , Berke Danielle S.
Published: January 2025

In the United States (US), lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) people experience disproportionate rates of suicidality associated with minority stress. This study aimed to investigate whether nonverbal expressions of experienced stigma (i.e., shame) predicted suicidal ideation among LGBTQ individuals with a focus on location-based disparities (comparing those living in a more rural setting to those living in a more urban setting). More specifically, we examined whether nonverbal expressions of shame predicted suicidal ideation three months later and whether this relationship was moderated by region. LGBTQ individuals (N = 133) from one rurally-situated and one urban location were videorecorded while talking about a time they felt bad about their LGBTQ identity in an observational, prospective (two-time point) design. Recordings were coded for the intensity of nonverbal expressions of shame (shoulders slumped, chest narrowed). Participants also completed several self-report measures including state shame and suicidal ideation at both the time of the recording and three months later. Moderation analyses revealed that for LGBTQ adults living in more rural settings, nonverbal shame, predicted increased suicidal ideation three months later (Bstd = 0.64, p = .005), and this was not the case for those living in more urban settings (Bstd = -0.08, p = 0.70). Self-reported shame did not predict suicidal ideation for LGBTQ adults from more rural or urban locations. These findings highlight the importance of recognizing nonverbal cues in context (i.e., in locations with more structural stigma) when assessing mental health risks and when shaping interventions for LGBTQ populations.
New information on Bonapartenykus (Alvarezsauridae: Theropoda) from the Allen Formation (middle Campanian-lower Maastrichtian) of Río Negro Province, Patagonia, Argentina clarifies the Patagonykinae body plan
Authors: Meso Jorge Gustavo , Choiniere Jonah Nathaniel , Baiano Mattia Antonio , Brusatte Stephen Louis , Canale Juan Ignacio , Salgado Leonardo , Pol Diego , Pittman Michael
Published: January 2025

Alvarezsauria is a group of morphologically distinctive, medium- to small-sized later-diverging coelurosaurian theropod dinosaurs, whose record ranges from the Late Jurassic to the Late Cretaceous. This clade had a widespread distribution in Laurasia in what is now Europe, Asia, and North America, although there are also several Cretaceous taxa from Gondwana in what is now Argentina that all belong to the family Alvarezsauridae. Although alvarezsaurid taxonomic diversity and anatomical knowledge has expanded over the last decade, alvarezsaurid internal phylogenetic relationships remain highly debated. In this contribution, we describe new alvarezsaurid material and review previously reported alvarezsaurid specimens from the middle Campanian—lower Maastrichtian Allen Formation discovered at the Salitral Ojo de Agua locality in Río Negro province, Patagonia, Argentina. Although these specimens were collected at different times without precise original provenance information, here we gathered X-ray diffraction data of the associated sediments that now suggests that all of these specimens come from the same site and stratigraphic level as the holotype of the alvarezsaurid Bonapartenykus ultimus. Based on this new provenance information and the morphological similarity of the considered specimens, here we tentatively refer them to the genus Bonapartenykus. These newly referred specimens add to the record of this genus and shed light on the body plan of the alvarezsaurid clade Patagonykinae by permitting a more complete reconstruction of the neck, pectoral girdle, hindlimb, and tail.
Genetic diversity, population structure in a historical panel of Brazilian soybean cultivars
Authors: Silva Adriel Carlos da , Gregorio da Silva Danielle C. , Ferreira Everton Geraldo Capote , Abdelnoor Ricardo V. , Borém Aluízio , Arias Carlos Arrabal , Oliveira Marcelo F. , Oliveira Marcio Elias F. de , Marcelino-Guimarães Francismar Corrêa
Published: January 2025

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] is one of the most widely grown legumes in the world, with Brazil being its largest producer and exporter. Breeding programs in Brazil have resulted from multiple cycles of selection and recombination starting from a small number of USA cultivar ancestors in the 1950s and 1960s years. This process has led to the successful adaptation of this crop to tropical conditions, a phenomenon known as tropicalization. Many studies describe a narrow genetic background in Brazilian soybean cultivars. Various factors can affect the genetic diversity in species, especially in cultivated crops, such as the reproduction type, artificial selection, and the number and sources of variability in the breeding programs. In turns, the genetic diversity can affect the linkage disequilibrium blocks (LD) patterns and, consequently, molecular breeding strategies for selection of target loci for agronomic traits. We used high-throughput genotyping with SoySNP50K Illumina SNP markers to assess a collection of 370 Brazilian soybean accessions covering more than 60 years of soybean breeding in Brazil. Our goal was to investigate population structure and genetic diversity in the Brazilian germplasm, detect patterns of LD blocks, and identify regions presenting signals of selective swaps linked with quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of agronomic interest. Population structure analysis revealed two major groups among all genotypes, primarily differentiated by the year of release, separating old and new cultivars (before and after 2000´s years), and by growth habit (stem termination type—SST). The group I comprises about 75% of the panel and includes cultivars release before 2000`s years, including the oldest cultivars released in Brazil, most of which exhibit a determinate growth habit and maturity groups VI and VII. Group II includes only 83 materials, but shows higher levels of diversity than group I, representing most recent introductions in Brazilian germplasm. Further analysis of substructure within Group I, identified seven subgroups with no clear trend for segregation based on maturity group, STT or year of release. Instead, these subgroups were based on the contribution of key donors of disease resistance and adaptability, as soybean cultivation expanded from the South to Central region of Brazil. This finding is consistent with the history of soybean expansion in Brazil. We identified 123 genomic regions under selection among the groups of Brazilian cultivars associated with 440 quantitative trait loci (QTLs), revealing regions fixed across the breeding process associated with yield, disease resistance, water efficiency use, and others.
Prevalence and genetic diversity of tick-borne encephalitis virus in ixodid ticks from specific regions of northwestern Russia
Authors: Sharova Alena A. , Tokarevich Nikolay K. , Baimova Regina R. , Freylikhman Olga A. , Karmokov Islam A. , Riabiko Ekaterina G. , Lunina Gelena A. , Buzinov Roman V. , Sokolova Olga V. , Buts Lidia V. , Bespyatova Lubov A. , Bubnova Liliya A. , Safonova Olga S. , Kalinina Elena L. , Stankevich Andrey I. , Vikse Rose , Andreassen Ashild K. , Gladkikh Anna S. , Forghani Majid , Gritseva Anastasia S. , Popova Margarita R. , Ramsay Edward S. , Dedkov Vladimir G.
Published: January 2025

Russia is a country with a high incidence of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). In northwestern regions of Russia, 110 TBE cases were registered in 2021. The largest numbers of TBE cases were registered in the Arkhangelsk region and St. Petersburg. TBEV seropositivity among healthy individuals, including the unvaccinated population in northwestern Russia, was found in 12.2% of studied samples, indicating active TBEV circulation. The prevalence of TBEV is 2.4% in the two tick species most common in northwestern regions of Russia, Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes persulcatus. However, there is still no comprehensive data on the molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the circulating TBEV strains. The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of TBEV and to identify its subtypes in ixodid ticks collected in specific areas of northwestern Russian regions. Phylogenetic analysis of E protein sequences of ten obtained strains showed that they all belong to the Siberian subtype, which were clustered into two groups: the most numerous Baltic group, clusteron 3D; and the Vasilchenko group. However, some unique isolates may form new clusterons.
Effects of intraoperative hypothermia on patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Penjore Tashi , Oofuvong Maliwan , Chatmongkolchart Sunisa , Kitisiripant Chanatthee , Rueangchira-urai Rongrung , Leeratiwong Jaranya
Published: January 2025

Objective

This study aims to explore the association between intraoperative hypothermia and outcomes in adult patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of 2048 adult laparoscopic surgery patients treated between 2020 and 2021 was conducted at Songklanagarind Hospital, Thailand. Intraoperative hypothermia, defined as a core temperature below 36°C, was recorded as either one or more than one episode. Patient demographics, clinical information and postoperative outcomes were extracted from the hospital information system. The outcomes were intraoperative and postoperative cardiac arrhythmias, postoperative oxygen requirement, length of post-anesthetic care unit (PACU) stay, and length of hospital stay. Univariate and multivariate logistic/linear regression models were fit to assess the association between hypothermia and outcomes, presented as odds ratio (OR) or beta-coefficient (β) with 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

The incidence of intraoperative hypothermia was 34.9%, with 688 experiencing one episode and 27 experiencing multiple episodes. On multivariate analysis, patients with one and more than one episode of hypothermia had an increased risk of intraoperative cardiac arrhythmia compared to normothermic patients (OR [95%CI]: 1.67[1.24,2.25] and 3.65[1.53,8.74], respectively, P<0.001). Normothermic patients and hypothermic patients with more than one-episode had a higher odds of postoperative oxygen requirement compared to hypothermic patients with only one episode (OR [95%CI]:1.32[1.02,1.7] and 2.64[1.1,6.32], respectively, P = 0.019). Hypothermic patients with one and more than one-episode also had longer PACU stays compared to normothermic patients (β[95%CI]:3.82[1.34,6.29] and 12.43[2.29,22.57] minutes, respectively, P = 0.001). No significant differences were observed in the other outcomes.

Conclusions

Intraoperative hypothermia in laparoscopic surgery is associated with a higher likelihood of intraoperative cardiac arrhythmias, prolonged PACU stay and higher postoperative oxygen requirement. Further research and prospective studies are warranted to validate these results and develop strategies to manage intraoperative hypothermia effectively.
Patterns of microbial contamination on Northumberland Strait shores
Authors: Corkum Miranda E. , Omar Naaman M. , Campbell Douglas A.
Published: January 2025

The re-emergence of episodic faecal contamination of Parlee and Murray Corner beaches, on the Northumberland Strait of New Brunswick, Canada, in 2017, raised renewed community concerns on the health, environmental and tourism sustainability of these community resources, and led to creation of an Integrated Watershed Management Plan for the Shediac Bay Watershed (October 2021). In response we have to date compiled, curated and made accessible 205,772 microbial water quality data records spanning over 80 years from Southeastern New Brunswick and the Northumberland Strait. This dataset derives in large part from Shellfish Surveys completed by Environment and Climate Change Canada, along with data generated by multiple government agencies, Non-Governmental Organizations and citizen science sources. Records derived from these multiple sources are now deposited in the Gordon Foundation’s DataStream (https://atlanticdatastream.ca), an open access common platform for sharing structured information on fresh and marine water health, delivered on a pan-Canadian scale, in collaboration with regional monitoring networks. We herein outline our data assembly, curation and deposition, along with preliminary analyses of contamination patterns at three representative sites on the Northumberland Strait coast of New Brunswick. Our results suggest that cumulative rainfall over 48 h is useful in predicting contamination risk at the developed Parlee Beach, and thereby demonstrate how open data can be used to inform policy and management decisions.
Prevalence of advanced hepatic fibrosis and individualization of associated risk factors by Bayesian analysis in MASLD patients in French cardio-metabolic health networks
Authors: Doffoel Michel , Chaffraix Frédéric , Chahard Archia , Gras Dominique , Bonomi Odile , Bildstein Corinne , Tripon Simona , Royant Maude , Meyer Nicolas
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of advanced hepatic fibrosis and to individualize using Bayesian analysis its associated risk factors in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) being cared for in three Alsatian cardio-metabolic health networks in the North East of France. Overall, 712 patients aged ≥18 years with a female predominance were included into a prospective, cross-sectional, and observational study. Advanced fibrosis and severe steatosis were evaluated using transient elastography (FibroScan®). The proportion of MASLD patients was 80% and 84% in women and men (difference -4.2% [-10.0; 1.9]), respectively. Advanced fibrosis was observed in 11% of patients, being more common in men (16.9%) than women (7.5%) (difference 9.4 [4.3–15.0]). Severe steatosis was also more common in men (74.9%) than women (63.4%) (difference 11.4 [4.2–18.2]). Only three of the tested variables were likely associated with advanced fibrosis: gender (OR: 1.78 [1.17–2.68]; Pr [OR >1] = 1), T2DM (OR: 1.54 [1–2.37]; Pr [OR >1] = 0.97) and hypertriglyceridemia (OR: 1.49 [0.97–2.27]; Pr (OR >1) = 0.97). In conclusion, this study confirmed the usefulness of assessing hepatic fibrosis in patients with metabolic dysfunction. Therefore, access to FibroScan® should be facilitated in all cardio-metabolic health networks.
Obesity phenotypes and dyslipidemia in adults from four African countries: An H3Africa AWI-Gen study
Authors: Nonterah Engelbert A. , Agongo Godfred , Crowther Nigel J. , Mohamed Shukri F. , Micklesfield Lisa K. , Boua Palwendé Romuald , Wade Alisha N. , Choma Solomon S. R. , Sorgho Hermann , Kissiangani Isaac , Asiki Gershim , Ansah Patrick , Oduro Abraham R. , Norris Shane A. , Tollman Stephen M. , Raal Frederick J. , Alberts Marianne , Ramsay Michele ,   as members of AWI-Gen and the H3Africa Consortium
Published: January 2025

Introduction

The contribution of obesity phenotypes to dyslipidaemia in middle-aged adults from four sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries at different stages of the epidemiological transition has not been reported. We characterized lipid levels and investigated their relation with the growing burden of obesity in SSA countries.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Kenya and South Africa. Participants were middle aged adults, 40–60 years old residing in the study sites for the past 10 years. Age-standardized prevalence and adjusted mean cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides and non-HDL-C were estimated using Poisson regression analyses and association of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WTHR) with abnormal lipid fractions modeled using a random effects meta-analysis. Obesity phenotypes are defined as BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, increased WC and increased waist-to-hip ratio.

Results

A sample of 10,700 participants, with 54.7% being women was studied. Southern and Eastern African sites recorded higher age-standardized prevalence of five lipid fractions then West African sites. Men had higher LDL-C (19% vs 8%) and lower HDL-C (35% vs 24%) while women had higher total cholesterol (15% vs 19%), triglycerides (9% vs 10%) and non-HDL-cholesterol (20% vs 26%). All lipid fractions were significantly associated with three obesity phenotypes. Approximately 72% of participants in the sample needed screening for dyslipidaemia with more men than women requiring screening.

Conclusion

Obesity in all forms may drive a dyslipidaemia epidemic in SSA with men and transitioned societies at a higher risk. Targeted interventions to control the epidemic should focus on health promoting and improved access to screening services.
Examining the mediating role of motivation in the relationships between teacher-created motivational climates and quality of engagement in secondary school physical education
Authors: Milton Daniel , Appleton Paul R. , Quested Eleanor , Bryant Anna , Duda Joan L.
Published: January 2025

Grounded in Duda’s integrated model of the motivational climate, the current study examined the hypothesized mediating role of motivation quality in the relationships between empowering and disempowering teacher-created motivational climates and indicators of quality engagement in secondary school physical education (PE). The hypothesised model was tested cross-sectionally and longitudinally in two separate samples of students. Data were collected via questionnaires measuring the motivational climate, autonomous and controlled motivation and indicators of engagement (enjoyment, concentration and boredom). Cross sectional data collected from 832 students (439 males and 386 females) while longitudinal data stemmed 299 students (166 males and 163 females). All students were from schools in Wales aged between 12 and 15 years. Structural equation modelling was used to test the hypothesised model and the mediating role of autonomous and controlled motivation. The hypothesised model was supported cross-sectionally and longitudinally, indicating that empowering climates positively predicted students’ autonomous motivation for PE, whereas disempowering motivational climates positively predicted controlled motivation. In turn, autonomous and controlled motivation positively and negatively predicted indictors of students’ engagement in PE in the hypothesised directions. Analyses revealed relationships between empowering and disempowering climates with enjoyment, concentration and boredom were indirect via autonomous and controlled motivation. In summary, results support the role of autonomous and controlled motivation in the differential relationships between empowering and disempowering motivational climates and indicators of the quality of student engagement. The findings suggest that targeted professional learning opportunities for PE teachers are needed which facilitate more empowering climates and reducing disempowering strategies.