bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE SPECIALIST`S WRITTEN EXPLANATION IN THE EVIDENCE`S PROCEDURAL SOURCES SYSTEM ON THE PRE-TRIAL INVESTIGATION OF CRIMINAL OFFENSES
Authors: Antoniuk P. , Piaskovskyi V.
Published: June 2021

The article reveals the meaning and role of a specialist’s written explanation as a reflection of the results of his/her application of special knowledge and skills when involved in the conduct of procedural actions in the pre-trial investigation of criminal offenses. The role of such a subject as a specialist in the process of proving is considered on the example of the obligatory involvement of a specialist in carrying out procedural actions. The place of the specialist's written explanation in the system of procedural sources of evidence is determined. Forensic recommendations are offered to the subjects of the investigation on the registration of the results of involving a specialist in the conduct of procedural actions in the form of a specialist`s written explanation.
New field investigations of the Ilímaussaq kakortokite
Authors: Brooks C.K , Bohse H
Published: June 2021

The summer season of 1968 was spent at Kangerdluarssuk where detailed investigations of the stratigraphy of the layered kakortokite, first described by Ussing (1912), were made. It is intended that this work should form the basis for detailed petrological and geochemical investigations aimed at gaining some insight into the mechanisms of formation of this remarkable series of igneous cumulates which has aIready been studied in some detail by Ferguson (in press).
Some observations on the structural and metamorphic chronology on Agto and surrounding islands, central West Greenland
Authors: Sørensen K
Published: June 2021

The report concerns an area situated in granulite facies terrain in the Precambrian Nagssugtoqidian orogenic belt (K/Ar age ca. 1700 m.y.) of central and northern West Greenland. The acid rocks are biotite gneisses, biotite-hypersthene gneisses, granitic gneisses, granites and sillimanite- and garnet-bearing gneisses. The basic rocks are amphibolites, pyroxene amphibolites and their garnetbearing equivalents. The basic rocks can be divided into an old, concordant group and a younger, discordant group. In the area mapped four structural complexes characterised by different orientations of axial planes related to deformations of different times have been mapped. The youngest structures have ENE-striking axial planes - the typical Nagssugtoqidian trend. The discordant metabasites are younger than at least two phases of folding and are preserved in the structural complex characterised by the oldest structures. They cut migmatitic structures and thus they are younger than at least one period of high grade metamorphism. The discordant metabasites are older than the youngest deformation, that which resulted in folds with ENE-striking axial planes, i. e. they are older than the typical Nagssugtoqidian structures. They are older than one period of high grade metamorphism which converted the basic dykes into pyroxene amphibolites. This period of metamorphism is at least partially contemporaneous with the Nagssugtoqidian deformation. The fieId occurrence of the discordant metabasites shows that they intruded into rocks affected by tensional stresses and the author proposes that the intrusion of the basic dykes marks the interval between two orogenic episodes, one Nagssugtoqidian and the other pre-Nagssugtoqidian. If this assumption is correct, all the rocks of the area are pre-Nagssugtoqidian. The minimum temperature during the peak of metamorphism is evaluated using evidence of anatexis and the minimum pressure from the absence of cordierite.
Quaternary studies in northern Peary Land
Authors: Dawes P.R
Published: June 2021

In connection with the bedrock investigations reported in the previous article, some time was spent on Quaternary studies. Pelecypods for radiocarbon dating were collected from marine clay and silt at the head of O. B. Bøggild Fjord, in Nordpasset, at the head of Frigg Fjord and in Citronens Fjord on the south coast of Frederick E. Hyde Fjord. The highest level of marine sediments, over 60 m. was noted in Nordpasset. Driftwood from raised beaches of different heights was collected on the south side of Frederick E. Hyde Fjord for possibie age dating, and the heights of marine terraces were measured by hand-Ievel at O. B. Bøggild Fjord, at the head of Frederick E. Hyde Fjord and at the head of Citronens Fjord.
Observations on the Precambrian rocks of Scandinavia and Labrador and their implications for the interpretation of the Precambrian of Greenland
Authors: Bridgwater D
Published: June 2021

During the summer of 1969 the writer visited two of the main North Atlantic Shield areas outside Greenland as a guest of the Geological Surveys of Sweden, Finland and Canada. The visit to Scandinavia was organised as a field excursion in conjunction with the I.U.G.S. Subcommission on Precambrian Stratigraphy meeting held in Stockholm at the beginning of June. I would like to thank Professors Rankarna, Simonen and Welin for their arrangements, and my companions during the field excursion for stimulating discussion of Precambrian problems. The visit to northern Labrador was initiated by the Geological Surveys of Greenland and Canada as part of a programme to compare the geology on each side of the Davis Strait. I would like to thank Dr F. C. Taylor whose party Dr B. F. Windley (Leicester University) and I joined in Labrador for his help in planning and carrying out this part of the programme. It is to be hoped that this was only a start to cooperative ventures between the two Surveys and that a member of the GSC staff wiII be able to join a GGU field party in West Greenland. After leaving the GSC party the writer was joined by Dr N. Westoll (Queens University, Kingston) to work further south along the Labrador coast. This was made possibIe through the kindness of Drs E. P. Wheeler and S. A. Morse who provided logistical support and considerable unpubIished information about the Nain district, and through the courtesy of Drs. S. Gandhi, P. Grimley and A. Beavan of the British Newfoundland Exploration Co. who provided transport, hospitality and geological information in the Makkovik and Seal Lake districts. Finally I would like to thank the staffs of the Iron Ore Co. of Canada and the McGiII University Sub-Arctic Station for their help in visiting the marginal rocks of the Labrador trough at SchefferviIIe. Without the active cooperation of all of these scientists the field season wouId have been much less successful.
A compilation of K/Ar age determinations on rocks from Greenland carried out in 1969
Authors: Bridgwater D
Published: June 2021

In order to relieve the pressure of routine work on the age dating laboratories in the University of Copenhagen and other institutes working in collaboration with GGU, it was decided to send out samples for K/Ar age determination by a firm of consultants. The problems selected for study were generally of a regional character - for example the basic dyke chronology from SW Greenland - or were preliminary studies of rocks from areas where little isotopic age work had been carried out previously. Much of the material used was far from ideal for accurate determination of a particular event, the selection of samples having been controlled by geological criteria rather than the suitability for precise isotope measurement. The results are therefore to be regarded as pointers for future detailed studies rather than as having given definitive answers. Several of the determinations show the presence of excess argon, sometimes in considerable amounts. The possible geological implications of this are discussed briefly at the end of this note. The ages quoted are averages based on several determinations on each sample.
Field work in the Fiskenæsset area
Authors: Kalsbeek F
Published: June 2021

In 1969 GGU's base camp was moved from Mellembygden to Midgaard, some 15 km NNE of Fiskenæsset. In the summer of 1970 the systematic mapping of the Fiskenæsset area started. The folIowing geologists took part in the mapping: L. Skov Andersen (Copenhagen), T. Frisch (Edmonton), A. M. Hopgood (St. Andrews), T. C. R. Pulvertaft (GGU), G. Rivalenti (Modena), J. R. Tomas (Prague), B. J. Walton (Portsmouth), H. R. Williams (Exeter) and B. F. Windley (Leicester). A special study of the sapphirine localities known in the area was made by R. K. Herd (Leicester). The fieId groups were organised much as in earlier years. Every geologist had an assistant. Transport was supplied by two Bell 47 J helicopters and two GGU cutters. Most of the practical arrangements were made by Ib Olsen of GGU.
The stratigraphy of the Fiskenæsset anorthosite complex
Authors: Windley B.F
Published: June 2021

In the Fiskenæsset region metamorphosed anorthosites occur as conformable layers up to about 2 km thick in high-grade gneisses. It has been found that within the layers there is a well preserved primary stratigraphy which can be followed persistently along the strike on Qeqertarssuatsiaq, west and east Taseq and the south side of Fiskenæsfjorden, a distance of at least 60 km. Because of tectonic thinning of layers, especially in fold limbs, and to a lesser extent because of primary lateral variations, any one traverse across the complex may display an incomplete stratigraphic section. By taking these variations into consideration the following maximum, composite stratigraphy has been found.
Detailed mapping in the southern part of the Ilímaussaq intrusion (Kangerdluarssuk fjord)
Authors: Demin A
Published: June 2021

Detailed mapping at a scale of 1:10 000 of an area around the head of the Kangerdluarssuk fjord in the southern half of the Ilimaussaq intrusion was made. The purpose of this was to map accurately the relations of naujaite inclusions in the lujavrites. During the work it became clear that a detailed study of the transitions between the lujavrites and kakortokites was of much greater importance. The reader is referred to Ferguson (1970, p. 338) for a summary of the previous ideas about the origin of the lujavrites.
Mineralised ultramafic rocks in South Greenland
Authors: Schönwandt H.K
Published: June 2021

In 1960 several mineralised ultramafic boulders with a remarkable content of Pt were found by M. Loretan in the neighbourhood of Sarqa fjord in the Nanortalik district, South Greenland. This stimulated interest in a closer examination of the mafic and ultramafic rocks of South Greenland and in 1962 and 1963 J. P. Berrange mapped three ultramafic plutons in the district. One of the plutons is situated close to the place where Loretan had found the mineralised ultramafic boulders. Berrange (in press) conduded that the plutons had a greater affinity to the appinitic suite of rocks than to Gardar rocks, and that the plutons were emplaced late during the plutonic development of the Ketilidian mobile belt. Berrange also considered that none of the plutons carried sulphides in an amount big enough to constitute ore.
Reconnaissance mapping of south-east Greenland between 62°30'N and 60°30'N
Authors: Andrews J.R , Bridgwater D , Gulson B , Watterson J
Published: June 2021

The 220 km coastline from Tingmiarmiut Fjord to Nanftseq Fjord (fig. 6) was sailed during August and the first week in September, 1970, with the object of completing the 1:500 000 map sheet of South Greenland. Ice conditions prevented access to the coastline between Kap Steen Bille and Puisortoq and between Napassorssuaq Fjord and Anoritftp kangerdlua, in addition to inner parts of fjords north of Kap Herluf Trolle. From this point south sea conditions prevented landings on the seaward capes.
The geochronology of the Scoresby Sund area Progress report I: Rb/Sr mineral ages
Authors: Hansen B.T , Steiger R.H
Published: June 2021

A general age determination programme has been proposed for the crystalline rocks of the Scoresby Sund region. The various field geologists are contributing to this by delivering material of significant rock types from their individual areas, and subsequently the actual age-determinations are carried out at the "Institut für Kristallographie und Petrographie" of the "Eidg. Technische Hochschule" in Zürich.
Field observations on the kakortokites of the Ilímaussaq intrusion, South Greenland
Authors: Bohse H , Brooks C.K , Kunzendorf H
Published: June 2021

Detailed mapping, sample collection and studies of zirconium and niobium distributions in the kakortokites of the Ilimaussaq intrusion have been carried out. Each of the 29 major rhythmic units has been mapped and a comprehensive sample collection made for further work. A horizon caused by slumping of the unconsolidated crystal mush has been recognised and it has been shown that a number of large inclusions are confined to a single horizon. The sIumped rocks indicate that the depth of unconsoIidated material was of the order of 20 m, (compared with only a few metres for other intrusions discussed in the literature) with a maximum angle of rest of some 20°. FauIts, fine-scale layering, trough banding, the border pegmatite and later intrusions are described. A programme of fieId and laboratory determinations of Zr and Nb has delimited their distribution within these rocks and allowed a first estimate of the total, easily-accessibIe quantities of these elements to be made.
Interpretation of field observations in the southern part of the Ilímaussaq intrusion, South Greenland
Authors: Demin A
Published: June 2021

During the 1971 field work mapplng at the scale of 1: 10 000 was continued in the area of Kangerdluarssuk fjord (see Demin, 1971). The most important field observations arising from the mapping are interpreted below. These notes should be viewed in the light of the earlier work on naujaite and lujavrites in the Ilimaussaq intrusion (see references in the text and Ferguson, 1970).
Geological and geophysical work on ultramafic rocks in the Nanortalik area, South Greenland
Authors: Schönwandt H.K
Published: June 2021

The detailed investigation of various ultramafic intrusions in the Nanortalik area started in 1969 (see Schönwandt, 1971) was continued in 1971. During July and August field groups led by the present author, Kai Sørensen (Geol. Inst., Univ. Aarhus) and Niels Abrahamsen (Lab. Geofysik, Univ. Aarhus) carried out geophysical and prospecting programmes concerned with the mineralisation (nickel, copper, platinum etc.) of the ultramafic rocks.
Field observations in Palaeozoic and Mesozoic sediments of Scoresby Land and northern Jameson Land
Authors: Perch-Nielsen K , Bromley R.G , Birkenmajer K , Aellen M
Published: June 2021

The 1971 summer season was the last within GGU's five year mapping programme in the Scoresby Sund region to involve Scoresby Land and Jameson Land. The field work in the northern part of this area was carried out by four parties (see fig. 5). M. Aellen (Zurich) revisited the area of Gurreholm Bjerge, mapped by him in 1957 and 1958. He was assisted by S. Stouge (Copenhagen) who collected material for studies on Permian conodonts. R. G. Bromley and U. Asgaard (Copenhagen) revised Callomon's (1970) map along the southern part of Carlsberg Fjord and northem Klitdal and visited areas east and south-east of Schuchert Flod. K. Birkenmajer (Krakow) spent part of the season in Gipsdalen and Pingo Dal, Klitdal and Wegener Halvø for sedimentological studies in the Triassic. He was assisted by B. Buchardt Larsen (Copenhagen) who made special studies of the gypsiferous layers of the Triassic. K. Perch-Nielsen (Copenhagen) was assisted by S. Priisholm (Arhus) and mapped around Kap Biot, on Wegener Halvø and along Carlsberg Fjord, mainly revising the maps of Grasmiick & Triimpy (1969) and Callomon (1970). A preliminary geological map of the southem part of the Jameson Land is to be published by Surlyk et al. (this report). For the northem part of the area, a preliminary geological map has been published by Bromley et al. (1970). The present report contains the principal results of the field work in 1971 together with observations made by M. Aellen in 1957 and 1958. S. E. Bendix Almgreen (Copenhagen) kindly identified the vertebrate remains.
Report on investigations of Tertiary sediments at Kap Brewster, Scoresby Sund, East Greenland
Authors: Birkenmajer K
Published: June 2021

Sediments associated with Tertiary basalts were suspected to occur at Kap Brewster, Scoresby Sund, since W. Scoresby's expedition brought back pieces of charcoal, and O. Nordenskjold and P. Koch found there numerous fossil tree trunks lying loose in basalt scree (Mathiesen, 1932). The sediments, with a marine fauna partly comparable with those known already from Kap Dalton (Ravn, 1933), were located at Kap Brewster by D. Mackeney and F.W. Sherrell, members of Lauge Koch's expedition in 1951. Hassan (1953) described the fossils colIected by them and gave a fairly detailed description of the geology of the area based on their field report. In ascending order he distinguished: (A) the infra-basalt sediments (age unknown), (B) the plateau basalts (Tertiary, with sediment intercalations), (C) the Kap Dalton 'series' (subdivided into the 'Cyrena beds' - Middle-Upper Eocene, and the 'Coeloma beds' - probably Lower Oligoeene), and (D) the Kap Brewster 'series' ('Chiamys beds' - probably Miocene). The relationships between these units were not determined. This was, therefore, the aim of the present author's visit in 1971 within the mapping programme of the Geological Survey of Greenland. B. Buchardt Larsen assisted the author in the fieid, and his help is acknowledged here with pleasure.
Ordovician and Silurian faunas from northern Peary Land, North Greenland
Authors: Bjerreskov M , Poulsen V
Published: June 2021

Fossiliferous samples were collected from the North Greenland fold belt by P. R. Dawes and N. J. Soper during reconnaissance mapping in 1969. In a preliminary report (Dawes & Soper, 1970) an Ordovician age was suggested for graptolite shales at O. B. Bøggild Fjord and Harebugt, the age being based on faunal content, and the association with intraformational limestone breccias bearing a striking resemblance to the Ordovician succession in the western part of the fold belt in Nyeboe Land. A shelly fauna from Frederick E. Hyde Fjord was referred to the Silurian. The fossiliferous samples were presented to the present authors for further study. This report summarises the fauna from Dawes & Soper's (1970) localities F1 to F5.
Marine geophysical survey between 68°30'N and 73°30'N, West Greenland
Authors: Denham L.R
Published: June 2021

An offshore geophysical programme was carried out during the summer to extend the mapping of the Cretaceous-Tertiary onshore sedimentary basin in West Greenland to the adjacent fjord areas, and to investigate the relationship of the onshore sediments and volcanics to offshore sediments to the west (Ross & Henderson, 1973). Between 4th July and 2nd August a four-man party led by the writer and Birger Larsen (Danmarks Tekniske Højskole) on the chartered Norwegian sealer "Brandal" completed about 3000 km of seismic and magnetic profiling, and 600 km of magnetic profiling, in coastal areas between 68°30'N and 73°30'N. In general, work was concentrated on the fjord areas and close inshore, particularly in Disko Bugt, Vaigat and Umanak Fjord, but one profile was continued 120 km west from Upernavik Isfjord. Two sonobuoy refraction profiles were recorded and a number of bottom samples were collected.
Regional mapping of the Precambrian basement in the Fiskenæsset region, southern West Greenland
Authors: Kalsbeek F
Published: June 2021

The systematic mapping of the Fiskenæsset region which began in 1970 (see previous GGU Reports of Activities) was continued in the period June to September. Apart from the author the following geologists took part: C. R. L. Friend (Portsmouth Coll. of Tech.), A. M. Hopgood (Univ. of St. Andrews), D. K. Hutt (Univ. of London), J. S. Myers (GGU), G. A. G. Nunn (Univ. of Liverpool), R. P. E. Poorter (Univ. of Utrecht), T. C. R. Pulvertaft (Univ. of Copenhagen), J. Tonika (Geol. Surv. Prague) and B. F. Windley (Univ. of Leicester). R. K. Herd (Carleton Univ., Ottawa) continued the study of the sapphirine-bearing rocks of the area begun in 1970 and W. F. Fahrig (Geol. Surv. of Canada) visited the area for a shorter period to sample basic dykes for palaeomagnetic and isotopic studies.
Geological and geophysical work between 69°N and 72°N, central West Greenland
Authors: Schiener E.J
Published: June 2021

In continuation of the programme of geological and geophysical work on the Cretaceous-Tertiary sedimentary and volcanic rocks initiated in 1971 (Henderson, 1972, 1973; GGU, 1973) four groups operated in the area. Three geologists, three geophysicists, one civil engineer and three assistants formed the core of the various groups. Greenland helpers were employed for shorter periods either as boatmen or bearers. Two groups were involved in mapping and detailed sampling of the Tertiary basalts, one on Nugssuaq, the second on Ubekendt Ejland. One group studied sedimentological problems in the Cretaceous-Tertiary rocks throughout the whole of the region. Special photogrammetric control studies were carried out by one person attached to different groups (Dueholm, this report). The geophysical party mainly investigated selected areas from south Nugssuaq to south Svartenhuk Halvø.
C14 dating of Survey material performed in 1973
Authors: Weidick A
Published: June 2021

Twenty-one radiocarbon age determinations of shell samples (10), bone (2) and gyttja (9) are assembled into this account. The majority of the material dated was collected in connection with GGU field work but the two bone samples originate from field work by the Zoological Museum, Copenhagen. All the samples have been dated by H. Tauber at the Carbon-14 Dating Laboratory, National Museum, Copenhagen. Previous catalogues of ca dates from Greenland have been published in GGU Reports 45, 1972 and 55, 1973.
Lithostratigraphy of the early Tertiary volcanic rocks of central West Greenland
Authors: Hald N , Pedersen A.K
Published: June 2021

A sequence of flood basalts, in places more than 8-10 km thick, was erupted during the Early Tertiary in the central part of West Greenland between latitudes 69° and 73°N. The volcanic rocks rest on Precambrian metamorphic rocks and non-marine and marine sediments from the Cretaceous and Paleocene. The lower part of the volcanic sequence is dominated by tholeiitic olivinerich basalts and picrite basalts, whereas the upper part is characterized by tholeiitic basalts with plagioclase as the dominant phenocryst mineral; transitional and alkaline lavas and tuffs are found, especially in the upper part of the sequence. The geology of the Tertiary igneous rocks has been summarized by Munck & Noe-Nygaard (1957), Rosenkrantz & Pulvertaft (1969) and Clarke & Pedersen (in press). However, until now no formal lithostratigraphy has been established. A geological map at scale 1:100 000 covering the greater part of Nugssuaq (sheet Agatdal-70 V. 1 Nord) has been published by GGU.
Sedimentological notes on sandstones from Nûgssuaq, central West Greenland
Authors: Schiener E.J
Published: June 2021

During field work in 1972 samples from a large number of sandstone occurrences from most stratigraphic levels (Cretaceous - Lower Tertiary) on Nugssuaq were taken. Both isolated sandstone units in shale-silt dominated sequences and thicker, arenite dominated sequences were sampled. Wherever possible, palaeocurrent directions were recorded predominantly from crossbedding; special attention was directed towards the cyclic sediments. General statements on lithologies have been made by several authors (Gry, 1942; Koch, 1964; Birkelund, 1965; Rosenkrantz & Pulvertaft, 1969; Rosenkrantz, 1970); more detailed facies analysis based on the present investigations will be presented elsewhere. At present the resuits of microscopic inspection of some 60 thin sections will be combined with field observations into a tentative interpretation of the controlling factors for the sedimentation.
Quaternary geology of the area between Frederikshåbs Isblink and Ameralik
Authors: Weidick A
Published: June 2021

The margin of the Inland lce between Frederikshåbs Isblink and Ameralik is nearly stationary. An estimate of the average ablation is higher here than that reported from Disko Bugt 700 km farther north. The Pleistocene history of this area indicates at least one complete glaciation of the coastland with the Inland lce cover reaching to the offshore banks. This must predate or be contemporaneous with the Early Wisconsin. Recession of the Inland lce margin behind the extent of the Frederikshåbs Isblink took place around 22000 RP. Undisturbed shell beds at Sanerata tima with an age of 13 380 B.P. indicate the possibility that parts of the outer coasts were ice-free during the Late Wisconsin. In the early parts of the Holocene time there was a recession of the Inland Ice from the coastland. The most important moraine stage is here dated to 8300 B.P. (the Fjord stage) and in a small sector at Marraq - Sanerata tima this stage marks the maximum extent of the Inland Ice during the Late Wisconsin. The Holocene recession continued beyond the present extent of the Inland Ice, and subsequent stabilisation took place, presumably at 6000-5000 B.P., involving limited sectorial readvances. It is possibie that the lobe of Frederikshåbs Isblink was first formed during this stabilisation.
Structures in an area north-east of Fiskenæsset, West Greenland
Authors: Hopgood A.M
Published: June 2021

The area under discussion borders the Inland lce 75 km north-east of Fiskenæsset and consists of about 250 km2 of predominantly anorthositic gneisses, with streaky biotitic and homblendic gneisses forming the other major rock unit. Amphibolites and late rectilinear, unmetamorphosed basic dykes are of relatively minor importance, constituting probably less than 5% of the whole. All these units with the exceptionof the dolerite dykes are parallel or sub-parallel to one another and are disposed in a series of large, moderately tight folds with axial planes symmetrically related to the lithological banding. These folds in places are isoc1inal and their axial traces are gently curved, trending on average south-east (fig. 9). Immediately to the south of the area the trend of the major lithological units swings from south-east to south and then curves to the south-west, an effect ascribed to the influence of folds developed during the third and fourth fold episodes in the deformational sequence which is discussed here. On a large scale the tight to isoclinal folds refold other, attenuated isoclinal folds considered to belong to the first (Fl) set in the sequence recognised. All the major lithological units have been affected by the Fl episode of folding. Curvature of the axial traces of the first and second fold sets is due to a combination of effects arising predominantly from deformation during the fifth, sixth and seventh fold episodes. The effects of these on a large scale have not been distinguished individually, although the reversal of plunge sense in the central part of the area is almost certainly the result of folding on easterly trending Fs axial planes. Perhaps the most striking faet which emerges from the present investigation is the broad similarity between the fold sequence in this area and that determined from an area adjacent to the Frederikshåbs Isblink approximately 50 km to the south (Hopgood, 1973). The principal distinction between the two sequences is merelyadifference in orientation ofaxial planes of equivalent fold sets, especiaIly the earlier ones.
Gneisses in the vicinity of Fiskenæsset; some preliminary observations
Authors: Frisch T
Published: June 2021

This report describes some preliminary observations, arising out ofdetailed work, that pertain to one of the major problems of the Fiskenæsset region: the relationship between granulite-grade pyroxene-bearing gneisses and biotite gneisses that appear to be almost entirely of amphibolite' grade. Previously little detailed work has been done on the gneisses in the vicinity of Fiskenæsset where most attention has been focused on the metaanorthosite complex. Impressions gained by Windley (1969, 1972) from reconnaissance mapping not only around Fiskenæsset but also in areas to the north and south have become firmly entrenched in the literature. In an unpublished thesis, Herd (1972) provided a brief summary of the gneisses based on study of a limited number of thin sections of samples from the Fiskenæsset area.
Granitisation of basic rocks in the Bjørnesund area, near Fiskenæsset, West Greenland
Authors: Williams H.R
Published: June 2021

The area studied (Fig. 22) is dominantly composed of strongly and poorly banded gneisses with intercalated supracrustal amphibolites, and was finally metamorphosed in upper-amphibolite facies about 2.7 x 10^9 y ago. Early large-scale isoclinal folds formed during high-grade metamorphism have affected the strongly banded gneisses and amphibolites, but predate the younger, poorly banded gneisses, which were subsequently deformed and metamorphosed along with the banded gneisses and amphibolites. (Williams, 1973).
A plutonic diorite complex in the north of the Fiskenæsset region
Authors: Fitches W.R
Published: June 2021

A thick diorite-monzodiorite sheet over 2 km in length and up to 600 m in width (fig. 35) is exposed at 50°25'E and 63°55'N, about 7 km south of Qeqertaussaq by Kangerdluarssûngûp taserssua. Several diorite dykes, some over 10 m in thickness, tie parallel to the main body and up to 300 m from it. The north-east end of the body is covered by superficial deposits whilst the south-west part has not yet been mapped out. This is therefore a preliminary account, including petrography, fie1d relations and some geochemistry, and more information will become available during subsequent field seasons.
Details and significance of pre-Ketilidian dolerite dykes in an area north-east of Bjørnesund, near Fiskenæsset, West Greenland
Authors: Williams H.R
Published: June 2021

Three sets of dolerite dykes cut all pre-Ketilidian structures in an area north-east of Bjørnesund, where they are intimately associated with transcurrent faults. The earliest dykes trend approximately north-south, are followed by an east-north-east trending set, which in tum are cut by the youngest and most abundant set, trending east-south-east. The east-north-east set may be subdivided into subordinate north-east, and dominant east-north-east trending swarms. Similar field relations have been recorded by Chadwick (1969), Dawes (1970), Jensen (1966), Rivalenti & Sighinolfi (1971), and by many others in unpublished GGU reports. Recent mineralogical and geochemical work by Rivalenti & Sighinolfi concerns -similar dykes in the Frederikshåb area to the south. Within the area south and east of Fiskenæsset, the field relations and petrological characteristics of the dykes are relatively uniform, according to information fumished by colleagues working in adjacent areas.
Mineralogy of recent pelitic sediments from the Fiskenæsset region, southern West Greenland
Authors: Heling D
Published: June 2021

Recent muds were sampled during the summer of 1973 from different fjords and lakes in the Fiskenæsset region of southern west Greenland. The samples were analysed for their mineralogical composition in order to study sorting effects and possibie mineral alteration by transport action under subarctic climatic conditions. In an investigation of the composition of sands from the Fiskenæsset region Kalsbeek et al. (1974) revealed a close correspondence between the mineralogical composition of the coarser clastic components and that of the bedrock. Such relationships occur when chemical weathering of the sediment material is negligibie due to low temperatures and in connection with fast transport (high relief) and corresponding high sedimentation rates. All these influencing factors are active in southern west Greenland. Sampling was undertaken in Buksefjorden, Sermilik, Grædefjord, Fiskenæsfjorden, Bjørnesund and at the margin of Frederikshåbs Isblink. Further bottom samples were taken from the lakes marked in fig. 45. A total of 121 samples were recovered from depths ranging from Oto 275 m using grab sampling devices. Almost the entire sediment material under consideration has been produced by glacial abrasion and only a negligibie proportion by soil formation processes. Both bed load and suspension load are brought by melt water streams from beneath the glaciers. The melt waters run into glaciaIly eroded lakes, where most of the coarse sediment material and some of the clay fraction is trapped. Most of the clay fraction remains in suspension, however, and is transported downstream to sea level. Considerable amounts of clay in suspension are carried far into the fjords.
Igneous stratigraphy of Archaean anorthosite at Majorqap qâva, near Fiskenæsset, South-West Greenland
Authors: Myers J.S
Published: June 2021

Majorqap qâva provides one of the best preserved examples of a major group of anorthosites and associated gabbroic rocks which are characterised by extremely calcic plagioclase and are widespread throughout the Archaean complex of Greenland. The anorthosite outcrop is part of a sheet of layered igneous cumulates which were deposited in a number of cycles from magma intruded into basic volcanic rocks. It consists of six major units which in upward succession are: lower gabbro (10 m), ultramafic (30 m), lower leucogabbro (60 m), middle gabbro (40 m), upper leucogabbro (60 m), and anorthosite (200 m). The lower four units are considered to represent sequences of plagioclase-pyroxene, olivine-pyroxene, plagioclase, and plagioclase-pyroxene cumulates respectively, and the upper two units are plagioclase cumulates with intercumulus hornblende and plagioclase respectively. Plagioclase is the most abundant cumulus mineral and extensively occurs as equant crystals 2 to 10 cm in diameter. The anorthosite outcrop is enclosed by gneiss which was derived by deformation from sheetlike granitic intrusions younger than the anorthosite complex. The gneiss was more duetile and partly cushioned the anorthosite complex from the ravages of later deformation and metamorphism by absorbing a greater amount of strain and recrystallisation.
X-ray fluorescence spectrometry at GGU
Authors: Sørensen I
Published: June 2021

In 1971 GGU started to establish a modern laboratory for rock analysis based on X-ray fiuorescence spectrometry and a manual Siemens SRS sequence spectrometer, prepared for automation, was bought. It is difficult to imagine a modern X-ray spectrometer without automatic preselection of measuring parameters but the automation can be present in varying degrees and can follow different paths. For various reasons GGU chose an on-line computer control connected via interface to a Digital PDP-8E mini-computer. By this selection we have obtained an almost fully automatic instrument which has so far proved to be excellent both in terms of measuring accuracy and technical reliability.
Ceratopea and the correlation of the Wandel Valley Formation, eastern North Greenland
Authors: Yochelson E.L , Peel J.S
Published: June 2021

The presence of heavily calcified, horn-shaped opercula of the gastropod Ceratopea Ulrich, 1911 (fig. 7) in the Wandel Valley Formation was first noted by Troelsen (1949) in his description of the Lower Palaeozoic sequence of southern Peary Land, eastern North Greenland. Silicified faunas collected by Troelsen are dominated by gastropods, with rare cephalopods, rare bivalves, and some echinoderm debris. As a result, Troelsen (1949, p. 18) suggested a Late or possibly Middle Canadian (Early Ordovician) age for the formation on the basis of the occurrence of Ceratopea. The specimens have not been further described although Peel et al. (1974) commented on the occurrence.
Facies variation and trace fossil assemblages of the Vardekløft and Olympen Formations of Jameson Land and Scoresby Land, central East Greenland
Authors: Birkelund T , Heinberg C
Published: June 2021

In connection with the systematic mapping programme carried out by the Geological Survey of Greenland in the Scoresby Sund region of central East Greenland during 1968-1972, the Jurassic sediments of Scoresby Land and Jameson Land were mapped and a lithostratigraphical scheme established(Bromley et al., 1970; Surlyk & Birkelund, 1972; Surlyk et al., 1973). Among the established tormations, the Vardekløft Formation and the Olympen Formation ot the Middle and Upper Jurassic showed remarkable variation in thickness and facies within the area studied. In order to get a more detailed picture of this pattern a closer study of a number of selected sections has been carried out (fig. 24).
The Kap Parry complex, central East Greenland
Authors: Engell J
Published: June 2021

The Kap Parry complex belongs to the NE-SW trending zone of subvolcanic centres extending from the Werner Bjerge massif (72° N) to Kap Broer Ruys (73°31'N) in East Greenland. The existence of the Kap Parry complex (fig. 26) has been known since the beginning of the last century. A map and a short description is given by Schaub (1942). It is a semicircular subvolcanic complex about 11 km in diameter, partly covered by the sea to the east and south. The rock types involved are, listed in the order of formation, acid volcanic breccias, alkaline quartz-syenite and at least two generations of alkali granite. The whole complex is cut by a suite of alkaline acid dykes and dolerites. The complex is younger than the numerous dolerite sills intruded into the surrounding shaly sequence of presumed Cretaceous sediments; no traces of macrofossils were found. Hydrothermal alteration is widespread in the complex, especially in connection with the alkali granites. Advanced physical weathering makes detailed mapping of especially the southern part of the complex difficult.
Prospecting for uranium in central East Greenland
Authors: Nielsen B.L , Steenfelt A
Published: June 2021

The uranium prospecting programme commenced in East Greenland between 72° and 76°N in 1973 was continued during 1974 and included airborne radiometric surveying, field investigations in anomalous areas and a geochemicai sampling programme. Some of the results of the field work and the geochemical work are described here. The prospecting activity was accomplished in collaboration with the Danish Atomic Energy Commission's Research Establishment, Risø, and Rheinisch-Westfiilische Technische Hochschule, Aachen. The field parties and the airborne prospecting work were served by a helicopter and aircraft chartered from Heliswiss, Bern and Greenlandair Charter A/S. Stordal, west of Hold with Hope, was the base camp for all operations. During August, some of the field teams were served by the GGU cutter Jytte.
Normally magnetized Lower Tertiary lavas on Nûgssuaq, central West Greenland
Authors: Hald N
Published: June 2021

Koch (1959) suggested that the basal pillow breccia of the volcanic sequence on southwestern Nûgssuaq around Nûk qiterdleq is equivalent to sediments from the Upper Atanikerdluk Formation deposited further east; and also that the tuffhorizons found intercaiated among the sediments in the Naujat Member of the Upper Atanikerdluk Formation and in the Abraham Member of the Upper Agatdal Formation are equivalent in time to these early breccias. Pedersen (1973) tentatively correlated interbasaltic bituminous shales found l km above the base of the vo1canic sequence on northern Disko with sedimentary rocks ofthe Upper Atanikerdluk Formation and Upper Agatdal Formation on Nûgssuaq.
Reconnaissance of Eocambrian and Lower Palaeozoic strata in south-western Peary Land, North Greenland
Authors: Dawes P.R
Published: June 2021

During the 1975 ice drilling operations ofthe Greenland lee Sheet Programme (GISP) on the Hans Tavsens Iskappe, three days were spent in the area south-west ofthe ice capo This allowed a brief examination of the bedrock and Quaternary featuresfrom a single camp on the east side of Adams Gletscher (fig. 4 and Weidick, this report). The area visited is at the western end of Wandel Dal, the broad low valley linking Independence Fjord in the east with J. P. Koch Fjord. The main geological and physiographical features of the region were recorded from the air by Lauge Koch in 1938. Previous .geologists to visitthe area have been on the dog sledge route through Wandel Dal, e.g. J. C. Troeisen and K. Ellitsgaard-Rasmussen on Eigil Knuth's Danish Peary Land expedition 1947-51 but almost nothing has been published. The most important results of the present visit are: (1) The recognition at Adams Gletscher ofthe well-known Eocambrian- Lower Palaeozoic Jørgen Brønlund Fjord sequence and the continuation ofit to the west ofPeary Land. (2) The discovery offossiliferous Middle Cambrian strata (hitherto unknown in Peary L.and) overlain by oolitic limestones in the interval between the Brønlund Fjord Formation and the Wandel Valley Formation, and (3) The recognition of substantial post-Silurian fauIt movements in the platform.
Microplankton and sedimentological studies in the Nûgssuaq and Disko region, central West Greenland
Authors: Hansen J.M
Published: June 2021

In 1975 the Danish Natural Science Foundation (SNF) and the Geological Survey of Greenland (GGU) initiated an investigation of the microplankton (dinoflagelIate cyst) of the Cretaceous and Tertiary sediments in central West Greenland. The purpose of this investigation is the establishment of a dinoflagelIate stratigraphy based on samples from measured sections to assist in a basin analysis. SNF provided the funds for the establishment of a laboratory for palynological preparation and investigation. They also funded a Leitz Orthoplan microscope with a Leica camera for the study of the microplankton, and two of the six Honda ATC 90 motor tricycles that facilitated the field work. The main field activity in 1975 has been outlined by Croxton (this report). As mentioned by Schiener & Henderson (1975), seven weeks field work were carried out in 1974 by the writer and T. Jürgensen. In 1974 ten sections (M1 - M10) totalling 2670 m of sediment were measured and 201 samples were collected. T. Jürgensen also measured a series ofsections (T2 -T14). In 1975 nineteen sections(M11-M29) were measuredand 837 samples were collected (see fig. II for localities).
Continued mapping of the pre-3760 m.y. old supracrustal rocks of the Isua area, southern West Greenland
Authors: Allaart J.H
Published: June 2021

This note reports on the second season's mapping of the Isua supracrustal belt of the Godthåb district (see Allaart, 1975). FolIowing the discovery of the major banded ironstone occurrence at Isua (Keto, 1970), various investigations in the area have been carried out (Moorbath et al., 1973; Bridgwater & McGregor, 1974; Jarnes, 1975). The present mapping is part of the Survey's systematic mapping programme in West Greenland.
Investigations of Precambrian rocks in the Buksefjorden region, southern West Greenland
Authors: Coe K , Compton P , Stainforth J.G , Vines J , Wells R.A
Published: June 2021

1975 was the fourth ofa six year mapping project of the Buksefjorden map sheet 63 V. 1 Nord. By the end of the season 85 % of the sheet had been completed. Four teams took part: J. G. S. continued mapping north of Buksefjorden and extended his area to Ameralik so as to include important fold closures; K. J. V. continued in the area between Alângordlia and Taserssuatsiait; K. C. extended his area south to Taserssuatsiait and P. C. began mapping south of the central Buksefjorden coast. Base for the operation.s was Midgård (Kalsbeek, this report).
Uraniferous hydrocarbons (carburan) associated with Devonian acid volcanic rocks, Randbøldal, northern East Greenland
Authors: Secher K , Nielsen B.L , Steenfelt A
Published: June 2021

Uranium mineralisations were discovered in acid voicanic rocks in Randbøldal, Gauss Halvø, during field work in 1974 folIowing an airborne radiometric survey (Nielsen & Steenfeit, 1975). The geology of the area has been described by Butler (1954), Graeter (1957) and Alexander-Marrack & Friend (1976).
Developments in petroleum exploration offshore West Greenland during 1976
Authors: Henderson G
Published: June 2021

The first exploration well to be drilled within the concession areas granted offshore West Greenland in April 1975 reached its final depth of between 3500 and 4000 m in August 1976 and was abandoned as a dry hole. The well, Kangâmiut no. 1, was drilled in concession area 34 by the TGA-Grepco group with Total Grønland Olie A/S as operator using the dynamically positioned drill ship pelican. The well was located about 120 km west ofthe mouth of Søndre Strømfjord and its coordinates were 66° 09' 00.92" N, 56° 11' 24.28" W. The water depth was 179 m. This is the northernmost well to have been drilled in the marine areas between Canada and Greenland.
Reconnaissance mapping for the 1:500 000 map sheet in the Godthåb–Isua region, southern West Greenland
Authors: Allaart J.H , Jensen S.B , McGregor V.R , Walton B.J
Published: June 2021

A two summer reconnaissance mapping programme covering the region east of Godthåb and Sukkertoppen was started in 1976 in order to complete the field work for the 1:500000 map sheet Frederikshåb Isblink - Søndre Strømfjord (62° 30'-66° 45'N). Most of the coastal areas have been visited previously and the earliest results were published as a reconnaissance map (Noe-Nygaard & Ramberg, 1961). The area immediately north of Itivnera was mapped by Walton in 1975 (Walton, 1976), and the area around Isukasia was mapped by Allaart in 1974 and 1975 (Allaart, 1975, 1976). During the 1976 summer the folIowing areas were covered: south of the fjord Ameragdla, around the inner parts of Godthåbsfjord and to the north along the edge ofthe Inland Ice to Isua, and between Godthåbsfjord and Fiskefjord (fig. 14). At the same time C. R. L. Friend & R. P. Hall (see this report) carried out more detailed mapping of the Ivisârtoq area. The mapping team of four geologists was supported by two Bell G 3 helicopters that operated from a base camp established at the reindeer station Itivnera. Transport of equipment, fuel and personnel was by GGU motor cutter F. Johnstrup.
Field work in the Ivisârtoq area, inner Godthåbsfjord, southern West Greenland
Authors: Friend C.R.L , Hall R.P
Published: June 2021

The field work reported on here is part of the 1:500 000 scale mapping programme of the Godthåbsfjord region (Allaart et al., this report). Ivisârtoq lies some 110 km north-east of Godthåb (50° 00'W, 64° 45'N, map 64 V 2 Kapisigdlit), (fig. 15). The area belongs to the central Archaean block of West Greenland (Pulvertaft, 1968) which in the Godthåbsfjord region has been shown to contain gneisses and associated amphibolites which may be broadly divided into two complexes (McGregor, 1973). The Amitsoq gneisses and included amphibolites have ages of c. 3700 m.y. (Black et al., 1971; Moorbath et al., 1972), and the Nûk gneisses and associated amphibolites and anorthosites ofc. 3000 m.y. (Pankhurst et al., 1973; Moorbath & Pankhurst, 1976).
The Proterozoic sandstones between Heilprin Land and Mylius-Erichsen Land, eastern Greenland
Authors: Collinson J.D
Published: June 2021

The oldest sediments of eastern North Greenland are a series of sandstones, whose base is not seen and whose top is a surface of unconformity above which are sediments which pass without apparent break into rocks of Cambrian age. These lowest sandstones were initially included by Koch (1929) in his Thule Formation by comparison with sediments lying between crystalline basement and Cambrian sediments in North-West Greenland. They were subsequently designated as 'Thule Group' by Haller (1971), who regarded them as the autochthonous representatives of the pre-Carolinidian sedimentary cycle. The absence of any direct links with the Thule Basin leads to a preference here for the informal term Proterozoic sandstones.